Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Congruences for Some Combinatorial Numbers via Finite Automata

Finite automata can be useful for proving the congruences for combinatorial numbers. We offer several examples as applications: First we consider the congruence of central Delannoy numbers module 3, then we find the congruences of the number of graphs and the number of total edges for noncrossing connected graphs module 3. One of these results answers a conjecture of Deutsch and Sagan in affirmative. Finally we give a fast algorithm for computing the parity of Narayana numbers.
Modeling and Measuring the Dynamic 3 D Effects of Needle Insertion in Soft Tissue

Models that predict soft tissue deformation during needle insertion could improve the accuracy of needle based medical procedures. In an effort to establish a method for defining and validating such models, we present an experimental setup including hardware and software for recording and measuring the time-dependent, 3D deformation that occurs as a needle is inserted into soft material. Algorithms are described for tracking a needle and fiducials in 3D based on stereo video recordings. The results of the initial experiment clearly demonstrate the non-linear, viscoelastic nature of deformations caused by needle insertion.
The characteristic polarization states and the equi-power curves

Characteristic polarization state theory is restudied for the symmetric coherent Sinclair scattering matrix case. First, the geometric relations of the characteristic polarization states on the Poincare sphere are derived. Based on these relations, simple formulas are given for all of the characteristic polarization states of this Sinclair matrix in Stokes vector form. From the formulation, it is clear that the CO-POL Nulls are fundamental characteristic polarization states for the symmetric coherent Sinclair scattering matrix case, in that the others can straightforwardly be obtained from the Stokes vectors of the CO-POL Nulls. For further study of the characteristic polarization state and the distribution of the received powers on the Poincare sphere, the authors introduce the concept of the equi-power curve. It is defined as the curve on the Poincare sphere on which the received powers in some defined channel have the same value. They deal with the characteristics of the equi-power curves for various special cases. In addition, they show how the characteristic polarization states are generated by the equi-power curves. It is demonstrated that the characteristic polarization states can usually be regarded as the points of contact of the Poincare sphere and a conicoid representing a power-related quadratic form. This leads to a new method to introduce the characteristic polarization states.
Identification of Novel Deregulated RNA Metabolism-Related Genes in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Several alterations in RNA metabolism have been found in lung cancer cells; this suggests that RNA metabolism-related molecules are involved in the development of this pathology. In this study, we searched for RNA metabolism-related genes that exhibit different expression levels between normal and tumor lung tissues. We identified eight genes differentially expressed in lung adenocarcinoma microarray datasets. Of these, seven were up-regulated whereas one was down-regulated. Interestingly, most of these genes had not previously been associated with lung cancer. These genes play diverse roles in mRNA metabolism: three are associated with the spliceosome (ASCL3L1, SNRPB and SNRPE), whereas others participate in RNA-related processes such as translation (MARS and MRPL3), mRNA stability (PCBPC1), mRNA transport (RAE), or mRNA editing (ADAR2, also known as ADARB1). Moreover, we found a high incidence of loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 21q22.3, where the ADAR2 locus is located, in NSCLC cell lines and primary tissues, suggesting that the downregulation of ADAR2 in lung cancer is associated with specific genetic losses. Finally, in a series of adenocarcinoma patients, the expression of five of the deregulated genes (ADAR2, MARS, RAE, SNRPB and SNRPE) correlated with prognosis. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that changes in RNA metabolism are involved in the pathogenesis of lung cancer, and identify new potential targets for the treatment of this disease.
Collaborative Sparse Approximation for Multiple-Shot Across-Camera Person Re-identification

In this paper we propose a simple and effective solution to the important and challenging problem of across-camera person re-identification. We focus on the common case in video surveillance where multiple images or video frames are available for each person. Instead of exploring new features, the proposed approach aims at making a better use of such images/frames. It builds a collaborative representation over all the gallery images (of known person individuals) to best approximate the query images (containing an unknown person) via affine combinations. The approximation is measured by the nearest point distance between the two affine hulls constructed by the query images and gallery images, respectively. By enforcing the sparsity of the samples used for approximating the two nearest points, the relative importance of the gallery images belonging to different persons has the ability to reveal the identity of the querying person. Extensive experiments on public benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach greatly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
Hypothesis-driven adaptation (Hydra): a flexible eigenvoice architecture

In this article, a new architecture for speech recognition is introduced. As with many existing speech systems, this new approach involves multi-pass processing. In the present case, however, second-pass models are constructed on-line for each active hypothesis. Models for each hypothesized segment of the current utterance are constructed from linear combinations of "data cluster models" that have been trained on low-variability clusters of the training corpus. The data cluster weights are determined using an "eigenvoice" mechanism that is operative on low-complexity, low definition models. Once determined, the same weights are used to construct high-complexity, high-definition second-pass models generated over the same data clusters. Results from a simple recognition task are reported to demonstrate the interesting properties of the new architecture. The limitations, trade-offs and some possible extensions of the proposed approach are discussed.
A Parallel Processing Approach for Information Extraction from Microarray Images

DNA microarray experiments generate a substantial amount of information about global gene expression. Information extracted from images of microarray data can be used for clustering or the identification of differentially expressed genes which can be used in determining the function of cells, comparing healthy and unhealthy tissues and observing changes after the application of drugs. The proposed system introduces parallelism in the intensity extraction and clustering method using message passing interface technique. Due to the huge volume of microarray data, the serial version of microarray image analysis method takes longer time. The proposed system reduces the overall time complexity by processing many pixels of the spatial images of the microarray data simultaneously
Stereo Odometry – A Review of Approaches

Estimating its ego-motion is one of the most important capabilities for an autonomous mobile platform. Without reliable ego-motion estimation no long-term navigation is possible. Besides odometry, inertial sensors, DGPS, laser range finders and so on, vision based algorithms can contribute a lot of information. Stereo odometry is a vision based motion estimation algorithm that estimates the ego-motion of a stereo camera through its environment by evaluating the captured images. In this paper, we want to give an integrated overview of stereo odometry and the accompanying literature. We want to emphasize the fact that stereo odometry is a chain of several single subprocesses where each relies on its predecessor’s results. A variety of exchangable methods for each of these subprocesses is available. The key to a more accurate and efficient stereo odometry lies in an integrated analysis of its single subprocesses and the many algorithms available.
Biochemical biophysical changes of rats brain exposed to low intensity microwave radiation

Present work describes the effect of microwave radiation on various biochemical changes of developing rat brain. Thirty days old male Wistar rats were exposed 2 h/day for 35 days at, 2.45 GHz and 9.9 GHz at power density of 0.344 and 0.125 mW/cm2 (SAR, 0.1 W/kg). Activities of ornithine decarboxylase, protein kinase C and calcium ion efflux were assayed in whole brain as well as hippocampus and hypothalamus of rat. A statistically significant change in the enzymatic activity was observed in the exposed group as compared to the sham exposed group. These results indicate that these radiations may affect membrane bound enzymes associated with cell signalling, proliferation and differentiation.
A semi-blind logo watermarking scheme for color images by comparison and modification of DFT coefficients

Digital watermarking is considered to be a major technology for the protection of multimedia data. Some of the important applications are broadcast monitoring, copyright protection, and access control. In this paper, we present a semi-blind watermarking scheme for embedding a logo in color images using the DFT domain. After computing the DFT of the luminance layer of the cover image, the magnitudes of DFT coefficients are compared, and modified. A given watermark is embedded in three frequency bands: Low, middle, and high. Our experiments show that the watermarks extracted from the lower frequencies have the best visual quality for low pass filtering, adding Gaussian noise, JPEG compression, resizing, rotation, and scaling, and the watermarks extracted from the higher frequencies have the best visual quality for cropping, intensity adjustment, histogram equalization, and gamma correction. Extractions from the fragmented and translated image are identical to extractions from the unattacked watermarked image. The collusion and rewatermarking attacks do not provide the hacker with useful tools.
The Effects of Daily Yoga Practice on the Academic Engagement and Achievement of Middle School Students in a Special Education Classroom

v List of Figures . viii List of Tables . ix Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Statement of Problem . 2 Significance of the Study . 4 Purpose of Study . 4 Research Questions . 4 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 6 Special Education Students Academic Needs . 6 Increasing Student Engagement and Academic Achievement . 8 Physical Activity Student Engagement and Academic Achievement . 9 Yoga Practice for Children and Adolescents . 10 Yoga for Children . 11 Yoga in Schools . 12 Conclusion . 16 Chapter 3: Methodology . 18 Setting . 18 School . 18 Classroom . 18
Efficient sentiment correlation for large-scale demographics

Analyzing sentiments of demographic groups is becoming important for the Social Web, where millions of users provide opinions on a wide variety of content. While several approaches exist for mining sentiments from product reviews or micro-blogs, little attention has been devoted to aggregating and comparing extracted sentiments for different demographic groups over time, such as 'Students in Italy' or 'Teenagers in Europe'. This problem demands efficient and scalable methods for sentiment aggregation and correlation, which account for the evolution of sentiment values, sentiment bias, and other factors associated with the special characteristics of web data. We propose a scalable approach for sentiment indexing and aggregation that works on multiple time granularities and uses incrementally updateable data structures for online operation. Furthermore, we describe efficient methods for computing meaningful sentiment correlations, which exploit pruning based on demographics and use top-k correlations compression techniques. We present an extensive experimental evaluation with both synthetic and real datasets, demonstrating the effectiveness of our pruning techniques and the efficiency of our solution.
Structure-Activity Approach in the Reactivation of Tabun-Phosphorylated Human Acetylcholinesterase with Bispyridinium para-Aldoximes

Structure-Activity Approach in the Reactivation of Tabun-Phosphorylated Human Acetylcholinesterase with Bispyridinium para-Aldoximes We investigated interactions of bispyridinium para-aldoximes N,N'-(propano)bis(4-hydroxyiminomethyl) pyridinium bromide (TMB-4), N,N'-(ethano)bis(4-hydroxyiminomethyl)pyridinium methanosulphonate (DMB-4), and N,N'-(methano)bis(4-hydroxyiminomethyl)pyridinium chloride (MMB-4) with human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase phosphorylated by tabun. We analysed aldoxime conformations to determine the flexibility of aldoxime as an important feature for binding to the acetylcholinesterase active site. Tabun-inhibited human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase was completely reactivated only by the most flexible bispyridinium aldoxime - TMB-4 with a propylene chain between two rings. Shorter linkers than propylene (methylene or ethylene) as in MMB-4 and DMB-4 did not allow appropriate orientation in the active site, and MMB-4 and DMB-4 were not efficient reactivators of tabun-phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase. Since aldoximes are also reversible inhibitors of native acetylcholinesterase, we determined dissociation constants and their protective index against acetylcholinesterase inactivation by tabun. Odnos Strukture i Aktivnosti u Reaktivaciji Tabunom Fosforilirane Ljudske Acetilkolinesteraze Bispiridinijevim para-Aldoksimima Proučavali smo interakcije bispiridinijevih para-oksima N, N'-(propano)bis(4-hidroksiiminometil)piridinijeva bromida (TMB-4), N, N'-(etanano)bis(4-hidroksiiminometil)piridinijeva metanosulfonata (DMB-4) i N, N'- (metano)bis(4-hidroksiiminometil)piridinijeva klorida (MMB-4) s ljudskom eritrocitnom acetilkolinesterazom fosforiliranom tabunom. Da bismo odredili fleksibilnosti aldoksima, što je važna osobina kod njihova vezanja u aktivno mjesto acetilkolinesteraze, analizirali smo i konformacijske odlike aldoksima. Ljudska acetilkolinesteraza inhibirana tabunom bila je potpuno reaktivirana samo najfleksibilnijim bispiridinijevim aldoksimom - TMB-4. Aldoksimi MMB-4 i DMB-4 nisu bili efikasni reaktivatori acetilkolinesteraze fosforilirane tabunom jer je kod tih spojeva lanac koji povezuje dva prstena kraći od propilena (metilen u MMB-4 i etilen u DMB-4), što ne dopušta povoljnu orijentaciju tih aldoksima unutar aktivnog mjesta enzima. S obzirom na to da su aldoksimi i reverzibilni inhibitori nativne acetilkolinesteraze, odredili smo njihove disocijacijske konstante, kao i zaštitu acetilkolinesteraze od inhibiranja tabunom reverzibilnim vezanjem aldoksima.
Fortifying p53 – beyond Mdm2 inhibitors

The tumor suppressor p53 is mutated in roughly 50% of all human malignancies. However, in the other 50% of tumors which retain wildtype p53, it appears insufficiently active to confer tumor suppression, through cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Much of this p53-inactivation occurs through the Mdm2 oncoprotein, the product of a p53-inducible gene. Mdm2 is an E3 ubiquitin-ligase that targets p53 for proteasomal degradation. In 2004, a small-molecule antagonist of Mdm2 was identified, known as Nutlin-3a or Nutlin. It binds to Mdm2 at the p53 binding pocket, thereby leading to activation of p53 and its target genes [2]. Recently, similar Mdm2 antagonists were taken to clinical trials, such as RG7388 ({"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02633059","term_id":"NCT02633059"}}NCT02633059, {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02407080","term_id":"NCT02407080"}}NCT02407080, {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02828930","term_id":"NCT02828930"}}NCT02828930, {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02670044","term_id":"NCT02670044"}}NCT02670044, {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02545283","term_id":"NCT02545283"}}NCT02545283, {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02624986","term_id":"NCT02624986"}}NCT02624986), HDM201 ({"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02780128","term_id":"NCT02780128"}}NCT02780128, {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02143635","term_id":"NCT02143635"}}NCT02143635), and MI-773 ({"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT01636479","term_id":"NCT01636479"}}NCT01636479), but the results regarding their efficacy have not been reported so far. Thus, delivering a wake-up call to dormant p53 in tumors remains a tempting but currently not proven option for cancer therapy.
Modeling of interconnected bioreactors: An activated sludge bioprocess case study

The paper presents results concerning the modeling and simulation of bioprocesses applied for wastewater treatment using alternative methods. Due to live microorganisms contained within the studied systems, their modeling is a difficult task with respect to the bio-dynamics and operation. Consequently the mathematical models are often difficult to obtain, in particular due to highly nonlinear and nonstationary characteristic. In order to obtain the model of a complex activated sludge process taking place inside interconnected bioreactors, the classical modeling and the pseudo bond graph method are compared. This bioprocess is usually developed within wastewater treatment plants. Matlab modeling and simulation environment is used to simulate the new developed dynamical models.
HVS-Based Image Compression Scheme in Wavelet-Contourlet Domain

In this paper, we present an image compression scheme which exploits content-based quantization step considering the human visual system (HVS) in the Wavelet-Contourlet (DWT-CT) domain. Unlike usual DWT or CT algorithm, we decompose the image into DWT subbands followed by directional filters to account for the redundancy of the decomposition coefficients. We analyze the statistical property of the coefficients, and propose the adaptive quantization step according to the image content. Experimental results show that compared with the traditional EZW, the proposed scheme guarantees low compression ratio and distortion as well.
Expression of the GABAA Receptor δ Subunit Is Selectively Modulated by Depolarization in Cultured Rat Cerebellar Granule Neurons

The levels of several GABAA receptor subunit mRNAs increase as cerebellar granule neurons migrate to their adult positions and receive excitatory mossy fiber input. Despite the temporal similarity of these increases in transcript expression in vivo, studies in cultured granule neurons demonstrated that the subunit mRNAs are differentially regulated. To address the possibility that neuronal activity regulates transcript expression, GABAA receptor subunit mRNA levels were assessed in cultured granule neurons grown in chemically defined, serum-free medium containing either nondepolarizing (5 mM) or depolarizing (25 mm) KCl concentrations. Whereas the δ subunit mRNA was almost undetectable in cultures maintained in nondepolarizing medium, an eightfold increase occurred between days 2 and 4 in cultures grown in depolarizing medium. Furthermore, δ subunit transcript expression was reduced by 76 ± 6% when neurons in depolarizing medium were switched into nondepolarizing medium. The importance of depolarization in the initiation and maintenance of subunit transcript expression in granule neurons was selective for the GABAA receptor δ subunit. These changes in transcript expression involved calcium entry through L-type calcium channels. Nifedipine treatment (1 μm) both reduced intracellular calcium and decreased δ subunit mRNA expression by 79 ± 4%. Furthermore, inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaM kinases) by KN-62 (1 μm) also reduced δ subunit transcript expression. These studies demonstrate that KCl-induced depolarization, a condition that mimics the effects of neuronal activity, selectively modulates GABAA receptor δ subunit mRNA expression through a pathway involving calcium entry and activation of a CaM kinase.
Optimization, characterization, and efficacy evaluation of 2% chitosan scaffold for tissue engineering and wound healing

Objective: To develop a chitosan-based scaffold and carry out a complete comprehensive study encompassing optimization of exact chitosan strength, product characterization, toxicity evaluation, in vitro validation in cell culture experiments, and finally in vivo efficacy in animal excision wound model. Materials and Methods: Developed chitosan scaffolds (CSs) were optimized for tissue engineering and wound healing efficacy by means of microstructure, toxicity, and biocompatibility evaluation. Results: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies revealed that porosity of CS decreased with increase in chitosan concentration. Chemical stability and integrity of scaffolds were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared studies. Highest swelling percentage (SP) of 500% was observed in 2%, while lowest (200%) was observed in 1% CS. Reabsorption and noncytotoxic property of optimized scaffold were established by enzymatic degradation and MTT assay. Enzymatic degradation suggested 20–45% of weight loss (WL) within 14 days of incubation. Cytotoxicity analysis showed that scaffolds were noncytotoxic against normal human dermal fibroblast human dermal fibroblast cell lines. Significant cellular adherence over the scaffold surface with normal cellular morphology was confirmed using SEM analysis. In vivo efficacy evaluation was carried out by means of reduction in wound size on Sprague-Dawley rats. Sprague-Dawley rats treated with optimized scaffold showed ~ 100% wound healing in comparison to ~80% healing in betadine-treated animals within 14 days. Histological examination depicted advance re-epithelization with better organization of collagen bundle in wound area treated with 2% CS in comparison to conventional treatment or no treatment. Conclusion: This study, thus, reveals that 2% CSs were found to have a great potential in wound healing.