Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Space-Time Geostatistics for Geography: A Case Study of Radiation Monitoring Across Parts of Germany

Many branches within geography deal with variables that vary not only in space but also in time. Therefore, conventional geostatistics needs to be extended with methods that estimate and quantify spatiotemporal variation and use it in spatiotemporal interpolation and stochastic simulation. This article briefly summarizes the main concepts of space–time geostatistics. Kriging in space and time can be done in much the same way as it is in a purely spatial setting. The main difficulties are in defining a realistic stochastic model that is assumed to have generated data and in characterizing and estimating the space–time correlation of that model. This article uses a model-based geostatistical approach to characterize space–time variability. The space–time variable of interest is treated as a sum of independent stationary spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal components, which leads to a sum-metric space–time variogram model. Methods are illustrated with a case study of space–time interpolation of monthly averages of detected background radiation for a 5-year period in four German states.
Literacy: A Lifelong Process Through a Balanced Literacy Approach

This paper attempts a critical analysis of literacy acquisition by preschool children through a balanced literacy approach, a mixed method which brings together elements from methods with an emphasis on code and from methods with an emphasis on meaning. In particular, visuals of a balanced literacy approach, as it takes place (or not) in Greek preschool education classes, are presented. Individual issues, challenges and perspectives which are introduced by this method are explored in comparison and in correspondence with the traditional and outdated understanding of literacy, which links it to learning to read and write. Emphasis is made on the strengths and weaknesses of a balanced literacy approach in order to highlight the prospects for its application in early childhood education on a larger scale. Questions and concerns are raised regarding the expansion and application of the method and its acceptance by Greek kindergarten teachers. However, the need for the application of a balanced literacy approach in early childhood education classes is reflected, as the only method that combines, adopts and utilizes elements of many methods, able to offer young students sufficient resources in the course of mastering literacy.
Music-induced Emotions and Musical Regulation and Emotion Improvement Based on EEG Technology

Musical stimulation can induce emotions as well as adjust and improve emotions, however, for scientific experimental researches on music-induced emotions and music regulation and emotion improvement, it’s not enough just to give proof through scientific experiments, what is more important is further explanation and verification. Further, it is to study in-detail of the impact of music stimuli on the brain and neural mechanism, and how this impact effects the physiological function system of the brain, thus explaining the physiological function system of the human brain. Under the stimulating effect of music, the possible functional changes and the possible outcomes can be used to study the role of music in the clinical treatment and its possible function of musical neurological medical interventions. In this paper, the music fragments of four kinds of emotions "soothing", "happy", "sorrowful", and "nervous" are selected as stimuli, the EEG is recorded synchronously and analysis is conducted from aspects of brain regions, emotional intensity, and polarity etc.
Jet formation in salt-finger convection: a modified Rayleigh–Bénard problem

Large-scale coherent structures such as jets in Rayleigh–Bénard convection and related systems are receiving increasing attention. This paper studies, both numerically and theoretically, the process of jet formation in two-dimensional salt-finger convection. The approach utilizes an asymptotically derived system of equations referred to as the modified Rayleigh–Bénard convection (MRBC) model, valid in the geophysically and astrophysically relevant limit in which the solute diffuses much more slowly than heat. In these equations, convection is driven by a destabilizing salinity gradient while the effects of the stabilizing temperature gradient manifest themselves as an additional anisotropic dissipation acting on large scales. The MRBC system is specified by two external parameters: the Schmidt number $\mathit{Sc}$ (ratio of viscosity to solutal diffusivity) and the Rayleigh ratio $\mathit{Ra}$ (ratio between the Rayleigh numbers of the destabilizing solutal stratification and the stabilizing thermal stratification). Two distinct $\mathit{Ra}$ regimes are explored for fixed $\mathit{Sc}=1$ . In all cases studied the system develops a horizontal jet structure that is maintained self-consistently by turbulent fluctuations, but coarsens over time. For intermediate Rayleigh ratios (e.g. $\mathit{Ra}=6$ ), the MRBC model captures the relaxation oscillations superposed on the jet structure observed at similar parameter values in direct numerical simulations of the primitive equations. For smaller Rayleigh ratios (e.g. $\mathit{Ra}=2$ ), a regime for which direct numerical simulation of the primitive equations is difficult because of the presence of fast gravity waves, the MRBC model reveals the existence of statistically steady jets whose properties are studied in detail. Three hierarchical models, the MRBC and further reductions in the form of quasilinear and single-mode approximations, are used to confirm that jets form and are sustained as a result of the interaction between fluctuations (salt fingers) and large-scale horizontally averaged horizontal flows (jets). Even though the small-scale structures exhibited by the three models exhibit clear differences, all three produce the same power-law spectrum of the mean fields at large vertical scales: in all, the spectrum of the mean streamfunction scales as $m^{-3}$ and the mean salinity field scales as $m^{-1}$ , with $m$ the vertical wavenumber. A theoretical explanation of these observations based on the dominant balances in the mean and fluctuation equations is provided. As a consequence, the jets have a zigzag profile, a conclusion that is consistent with numerical simulations. Based on numerical observations, a three-component phenomenological model consisting of a linearly growing mode, a linearly damped mode and a mean mode is proposed to explain the observed transition from statistically steady jet structure to jets with superposed oscillations that takes place with increasing Rayleigh ratio.
An Improved Ft Algorithm Based on Center Enhancement and Eigenvalue Normalization

The Frequency-tuned method (FT) detection does not work very well when the saliency maps is large and the background environment is complex. Aiming to solve the above problems, this paper improves the traditional FT method, which introduces centre enhancement and eigenvalue normalization. The improvements are implemented to three aspects: enhancing the central area, normalizing the LAB colour feature values, and weighting the LAB three-channel information. Experimental results show that the algorithm is superior to the origin FT in the performance of significant detection, accuracy, recall and other performance.
Effects of Suryanamaskar on Depression and Trunk Flexibility among Older Men

The purpose of the present study was to find out the efficacy of Suryanamaskar on depression and trunk flexibility among older men. For this purpose, thirty older men residing at Anbagam Old Age Home, Chidambaram, Cuddalore District, Tamilnadu, were selected as subjects. The age of the subjects ranged from 50 to 60 years. They were classified into two groups equally. Both groups consisted of fifteen subjects, in which group - I underwent Suryanamaskar and group - II acted as a control that did not involve any special training apart from their daily activities. The training period for the study was six days (Monday to Saturday) a week (twice a day) for twelve weeks. Prior to and after the experimental period, the subjects were tested on depression and trunk flexibility. The Hamilton depression scale assessed depression and trunk flexibility by administering sit and reach test. Levene’s test was used for the paired sample t-test to measure the equality of error variances. The Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was also applied to find any significant difference between the experimental and control groups on selected criterion variables. The result of the study shows that the Suryanamaskar practice group decreased depression and improved trunk flexibility significantly. It was accomplished from The present study result showed that significant differences exhibited between the experimental group and control group on depression and trunk flexibility.
A Grid-Connected Optimal Hybrid PV-BES System Sizing for Malaysian Commercial Buildings

In this article, the optimal sizing of hybrid solar photovoltaic and battery energy storage systems is evaluated with respect to rooftop space and feed-in tariff rates. The battery scheduling is performed using a proposed rule-based energy management strategy. The rules are formulated based on the demand limit, PV export power limit, and state of charge of the battery. Furthermore, optimization modeling with initial choices of parameters and constraints in terms of solar photovoltaic and battery energy storage capabilities is developed to minimize the total net present cost. The hourly values of solar irradiance, air temperature, electrical loads, and electricity rates are considered the inputs of the optimization process. The optimization results are achieved using particle swarm optimization and validated through an uncertainty analysis. It is observed that an optimal photovoltaic and battery energy storage system can reduce the cost of electricity by 12.33%, including the sale of 5944.029 kWh of electricity to the grid. Furthermore, energy consumption, peak demand, and greenhouse gas emissions are reduced by 13.71%, 5.85%, and 62.59%, respectively. A comprehensive analysis between the variable and fixed data for the load, energy from PV, batteries, and the grid, and costs demonstrates that the optimal sizing of photovoltaic and battery energy storage systems with the best mix of energy from PV, batteries, and the grid provides the optimal solution for the proposed configuration.
Viscoelastometry to Manage Bleeding in Liver Disease

A state of “re-balanced haemostasis” describes complex coagulation changes that arise in patients with liver disease. Changes include alterations in procoagulant and anticoagulant proteins, platelets and von Willebrand factor, as well as the fibrinolytic system. Various circumstances including infection, trauma, or surgery may disrupt this balance and predispose an individual to bleeding or thrombosis. The prothrombin time, international normalised ratio, and activated partial thromboplastin time are conventional coagulation screening tests that are routinely employed by clinicians to investigate unexplained bleeding, monitor anticoagulation, and inform preoperative assessments of bleeding risk. These standard coagulation tests assess quantitative defects in procoagulant clotting factors and are insensitive to levels of natural anticoagulants, which together with procoagulant factors, are often perturbed in liver disease. Therefore, the prolongation of clotting times measured by these tests often does not reflect the multifaceted alterations of haemostasis in these patients. Viscoelastic testing (VET) provides a more encompassing assessment of clotting function by recording real-time viscoelastic changes in whole blood and includes parameters that provide information on coagulation factor function, platelet contribution to clot formation, as well as fibrinolysis. To date, VET has been employed to predict and inform transfusion support in obstetric, trauma, and cardiac surgical fields, and its use in patients undergoing liver transplantation is well established. The ability of VET to accurately predict bleeding risk and precisely guide transfusion algorithms for patients with liver disease undergoing other invasive procedures or experiencing bleeding complications has been the topic of research over the last decade. This review is a critical summary of this data and provides a detailed snapshot of the position of VET as a clinical tool in patients with liver disease.
An Eulerian–Lagrangian Weighted Essentially Nonoscillatory scheme for nonlinear conservation laws

We develop a formally high order Eulerian–Lagrangian Weighted Essentially Nonoscillatory (EL‐WENO) finite volume scheme for nonlinear scalar conservation laws that combines ideas of Lagrangian traceline methods with WENO reconstructions. The particles within a grid element are transported in the manner of a standard Eulerian–Lagrangian (or semi‐Lagrangian) scheme using a fixed velocity v. A flux correction computation accounts for particles that cross the v‐traceline during the time step. If v = 0, the scheme reduces to an almost standard WENO5 scheme. The CFL condition is relaxed when v is chosen to approximate either the characteristic or particle velocity. Excellent numerical results are obtained using relatively long time steps.
Transcriptome Analysis of Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Cultured on a Polyglycolic Acid Mesh Scaffold

To construct tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) in vitro, it is necessary to transfer seed cells to three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds for culture. However, what happens to the behavior of the cells after they are transferred to the scaffold is unclear. Therefore, in this study, a transcriptome analysis was used to characterize the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) before and after transfer to 3D polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds and to understand the changes in functional gene expression in the early stage of 3D culture. Transcriptome sequencing results showed that DEGs in the seed cells were mainly enriched in cell proliferation and cell-cell adhesion. The DEGs of cells grown in a 3D PGA scaffold (PGA-VSMCs) were mainly enriched in signal transduction. Furthermore, we found that ERK1/2 was significantly activated in PGA-VSMCs and inhibiting the phosphorylation level of ERK 1/2 in PGA-VSMCs significantly increased the expression of elastin. In conclusion, the PGA scaffold material altered gene expression in VSMCs and affected the elastin production. This study advances our understanding of biomaterial-cell interactions and provides valuable insights for improving the cultivation of TEBVs.
Collaborative Journalism and Normative Journalism: Lessons from Latin American Journalism

Collaboration in journalism has become increasingly important, in the face of the challenges posed by digitalisation and platformization. The development of information and communication technologies has led to collaborative journalism committed to democratic and public-oriented methods. However, it is unclear how this commitment is reflected in practice, and whether it varies according to political, economic and media system contexts, especially in non-democratic and authoritarian regimes. Latin America is a diverse region with a history of social, economic and political instability, alternating between authoritarian and democratic regimes. This context can help answer the research question of this study, which aims to understand the commitments, norms and values of practitioners of collaborative journalism in various contexts. The thematic analysis of 36 semi-structured, in-depth interviews conducted in Latin America found that practitioners of collaborative journalism commonly share normative journalism roles, practices, values and norms. The study suggests a need to reinforce, restore and reform normative journalism norms and values, particularly in non-democratic, authoritarian, and developing democracies. This study can be a valuable resource for future researchers exploring journalism, collaborative journalism and investigative journalism beyond the context of Western liberal democracies.
Leading Successful Schools: Sharing the Wisdom (A Case Study into a Developing Country’s Perspective)

Leading successful school Principals plays a vital role in the school environment. Successful school Principals as educational leaders dedicate significant time to educating school stakeholders on the primary objective of school reform. They provide structures that facilitate communication between schools and processes that enable school stakeholders to engage in truly participatory decision-making. The purpose of this study, which examined the role of successful school Principals’ educational leadership and management practices, was to determine how Principals' leadership and management practices facilitate the transition to a successful school. The research was conducted using the experiences of three school Principals. The data were gathered utilizing a qualitative case study methodology, which included semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings indicated that Principals of schools made significant changes to transform their institutions into successful schools. The findings of this study are significant because they shed light on the relative strengths and weaknesses of successful school Principals’ leadership and management practices in transforming schools, as well as on the additional support that Principals require to transform their schools. The study recommends the areas of schools as leading successful schools’ leadership and management practices in order for schools the concept of schools to be more approachable to school stakeholders.
Large-scale statistical analysis on representation of public figures in newspapers and naming conventions in Finland in 1900-1939

This article examines the influence public figures had on the name-giving in Finland from 1900 to 1939 via their presence in newspapers. The study is based on digital materials and the results were obtained using statistical research methods. The main finding of the study is that generally, the prevalence of notable peoples’ names does not reflect the person in the way people choose first names for their children. On the other hand, more in-depth analyses reveal consistent interaction: short-term peaks in prominence of public figures in the newspaper data coincide with peaks in the popularity of their first names 50% more often than could be expected by random. Also, high-correlation outliers reveal personalities with a definite impact on first given name trends, interpretable as rule-confirming exceptions of the general pattern of very modest correlations.
Dual sensing-actuation artificial muscle based on polypyrrole-carbon nanotube composite

Dual sensing artificial muscles based on conducting polymer are faradaic motors driven by electrochemical reactions, which announce the development of proprioceptive devices. The applicability of different composites has been investigated with the aim to improve the performance. Addition of carbon nanotubes may reduce irreversible reactions. We present the testing of a dual sensing artificial muscle based on a conducting polymer and carbon nanotubes composite. Large bending motions (up to 127 degrees) in aqueous solution and simultaneously sensing abilities of the operation conditions are recorded. The sensing and actuation equations are derived for incorporation into a control system.
Cloud and Precipitation Experiment at Kennaook (Cape-K) Science Plan

of a subset of AMF2 instruments to the KCG site that feature vertically pointing cloud remote-sensing instruments, as well as radiosonde, surface meteorological, and radiation instrumentation. We plan to conduct four intensive operational periods (IOPs) during the CAPE-K deployment. These IOPs will consist of one-month periods when high-time-resolution radiosondes will be deployed when the air mass trajectories are from the southwest.
How Does College Students’ Entrepreneurial Learning Influence Entrepreneurial Intention: Evidence from China

In implementing an innovation-driven development strategy, it is important to promote the sustainable development capacity of the new generation. Entrepreneurial learning can enhance college students’ skills and entrepreneurial competence in facing the uncertain challenges of the future. In order to clarify the mechanism by which entrepreneurial learning influences college students’ entrepreneurial intention, a mediating moderation model was constructed, based on the theory of planned behavior, to explore the mediating role of entrepreneurial attitude, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and perceived behavioral control. Furthermore, the moderating effect of important peers and teachers’ support on campus was combined, initially to assess the entrepreneurial intention of college students. This study adopted a quantitative research approach with a questionnaire survey, taking 704 college students in the Yangtze River Delta region as subjects. The research results showed that entrepreneurial learning has a significant positive predictive effect on the entrepreneurial intention of college students; entrepreneurial attitude and perceived behavioral control play a mediating role between the entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurial intention of college students; and important peers and teachers’ support on campus can adjust the impact of entrepreneurial learning on entrepreneurial intention. The proposed framework provides a more concrete understanding of entrepreneurial intention. The results also provide policy and managerial insights into promoting entrepreneurial intention within higher education.
Preliminary stability analysis of a Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe

It is stated in many text books that the any metric appearing in general relativity should be locally Lorentzian i.e. of the type gµν = diag (1, −1, −1, −1) this is usually presented as an independent axiom of the theory, which cannot be deduced from other assumptions. The meaning of this assertion is that a specific coordinate (the temporal coordinate) is given a unique significance with respect to the other spatial coordinates. It was shown that the above assertion is a consequence of requirement that the metric of empty space should be linearly stable and need not be assumed. In this work we remove the empty space assumption and investigate the consequences of spatially uniform matter on the stability of a locally Lorentzian space-time that is the Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker space-time. It is shown that a partial stability analysis restricts the type of allowable solutions to the Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker space-time. In particular it is shown that an open section universe is stable while an Euclidean and a closed section universes are not in accordance with observation. It will be suggested that in the presence of matter an upper limit scale to the size of a locally Lorentzian universe exists which incidentally is about the size of the observable universe.
QuasiDiagonalsParameter Symmetry Model for Square Contingency Tables with Ordered Categories

For the analysis of square contingency tables with ordered categories, this paper introduces the quasidiagonalsparameter symmetry (QDPS) model which is an extension of the quasisymmetry (QS) model. It is shown that the QDPS model is preferable to the QS model for unaided vision data of British women earlier analysed by Stuart (1955). Various extended models of QS are expressed in terms of the local odds ratios and the other odds ratios.