Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-perturbative renormalization of tensor currents: strategy and results for N f = 0 and N f = 2 QCD

Tensor currents are the only quark bilinear operators lacking a non-perturbative determination of their renormalisation group (RG) running between hadronic and electroweak scales. We develop the setup to carry out the computation in lattice QCD via standard recursive ﬁnite-size scaling techniques, and provide results for the RG running of tensor currents in N f = 0 and N f = 2 QCD in the continuum for various Schrödinger Functional schemes. The matching factorsbetweenbareandrenormalisationgroupinvariantcur-rents are also determined for a range of values of the lattice spacing relevant for large-volume simulations, thus enabling a fully non-perturbative renormalization of physical ampli-tudes mediated by tensor currents.
DESTRUCTION OF CORRELATED BILAYER STATES SUBJECTED TO TILTED MAGNETIC FIELDS

We use tilted magnetic fields to effectively decouple a strongly coupled bilayer two-dimensional electron system into two separate layers. For our specific sample (tunnelling gap ΔSAS=2.5 meV) the inter-layer coupling is quenched by an in-plane field B≈14 T, leading to the successive disappearance of all odd-integer states visible in the quantum Hall effect. Such a transition from a bilayer into two single layers is also observed in a solely parallel magnetic field. Surprisingly, the ν=1 the quantum Hall state remains present even for in-plane fields exceeding 20 T. Only when decreasing the total Landau level filling slightly below ν=1 the system undergoes an abrupt transition from a ν=1 quantum Hall state into two (insulating) systems with a half filled Landau level.
Inverse problems and image deconvolution

Founding on a physical transformation process described by a Fredholm integral equation of the first kind, we first recall the main difficulties appearing in linear inverse problems in the continuous case as well as in the discrete case. We describe several situations corresponding to various properties of the kernel of the integral equation. The need to take into account the properties of the solution not contained in the model is then put in evidence. This leads to the regularization principles for which the classical point of view as well as the Bayesian interpretation are briefly reminded. We then focus on the problem of deconvolution specially applied to astronomical images. A complete model of image formation is described in Section 4, and a general method allowing to derive image restoration algorithms, the Split Gradient Method (SGM), is detailed in Section 5. We show in Section 6, that when this method is applied to the likelihood maximization problems with positivity constraint, the ISRA algorithm can be recovered in the case of the pure Gaussian additive noise case, while in the case of pure Poisson noise, the well known EM, Richardson-Lucy algorithm is easily obtained. The method is then applied to the more realistic situation typical of CCD detectors: Poisson photo-conversion noise plus Gaussian readout noise, and to a new particular situation corresponding to data acquired with Low Light Level CCD. Some numerical results are exhibited in Section 7 for these two last cases. Finally, we show how all these algorithms can be regularized in the context of the SGM and we give a general conclusion.
Measuring Teachers' Beliefs about Mathematics: A Fuzzy Set Approach

� Abstract—This paper deals with the application of a fuzzy set in measuring teachers' beliefs about mathematics. The vagueness of beliefs was transformed into standard mathematical values using a fuzzy preferences model. The study employed a fuzzy approach questionnaire which consists of six attributes for measuring mathematics teachers' beliefs about mathematics. The fuzzy conjoint analysis approach based on fuzzy set theory was used to analyze the data from twenty three mathematics teachers from four secondary schools in Terengganu, Malaysia. Teachers' beliefs were recorded in form of degrees of similarity and its levels of agreement. The attribute 'Drills and practice is one of the best ways of learning mathematics' scored the highest degree of similarity at 0. 79860 with level of 'strongly agree'. The results showed that the teachers' beliefs about mathematics were varied. This is shown by different levels of agreement and degrees of similarity of the measured attributes. Keywords—belief, membership function, degree of similarity, conjoint analysis
The explanation of some exotic states in the cs ¯ c ¯ s tetraquark system

Inspired by the recent observation of χ c 0 ( 3930 ) , X ( 4685 ) and X ( 4630 ) by the LHCb Collaboration and some exotic resonances such as X ( 4350 ) , X ( 4500 ) , etc. by several experiment collaborations, the cs ¯ c ¯ s tetraquark systems with J PC = 0 ++ , 1 ++ , 1 +− and 2 ++ are systematically investigated in the framework of the quark delocalization color screening model(QDCSM). Two structures, the meson–meson and diquark–antidiquark structures, as well as the channel-coupling of all channels of these two conﬁgurations are considered in this work. The numerical results indicate that the molecular bound state D − s D + s with J PC = 00 ++ can be supposed to explain the χ c 0 ( 3930 ) . Besides, by using the stabilization method, several resonant states are obtained. Among these states, X ( 4350 ) , X ( 4500 ) and X ( 4700 ) can be explained as the compact tetraquark states with J PC = 00 ++ , and the X ( 4274 ) is possible to be a candidate of the compact tetraquark state with J PC = 1 ++ . Apart from that, the J PC = 0 ++
Bohr Hamiltonian with an energy-dependent γ -unstable Coulomb-like potential

An exact analytical solution for the Bohr Hamiltonian with an energy-dependent Coulomb-like γ -unstable potential is presented. Due to the linear energy dependence of the potential’s coupling constant, the corresponding spectrum in the asymptotic limit of the slope parameter resembles the spectral structure of the spherical vibrator, however with a diﬀerent state degeneracy. The parameter free energy spectrum as well as the transition rates for this case are given in closed form and duly compared with those of the harmonic U (5) dynamical symmetry. The model wave functions are found to exhibit properties that can be associated to shape coexistence. A possible experimental realization of the model is found in few medium nuclei with a very low second 0 + state known to exhibit competing prolate, oblate and spherical shapes.
SU‐E‐J‐21: Verification of a Monte Carlo Model of CBCT Flat Panel Detector Using BEAMnrc/EGSnrc Code

Purpose: Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) provides wide scan coverage per rotation; however, its image quality is compromised due to large amounts of scatter. In this study, we performed detailed Monte Carlo(MC) simulations of a CBCT flat panel detector to characterize scatter for the purposes of scatter correction. Methods: An amorphous silicon (aSi) flat panel detector (Varian MedicalSystems) of an On‐Board Imager (Varian MedicalSystems) was modeled using BEAMnrc/EGSnrc code system based on detailed geometric information provided by the manufacturer. Layers from the proximal Al cover to the light reflector encompassing the 10:1 anti‐scatter grid were simulated using the block component module (BLOCK_CM) in BEAMnrc. Layers from the cesium iodide (CsI) detector to the proximal Pb electronics protection cover were modeled in DOSXYZnrc to create a voxelized representation of the detector layer. Various scatter properties were elicited from phase space files within the grid and detector layers. A two‐dimensional (2‐D) cone‐beam image “in‐air” (without the phantom) was acquired (125 kVp, 80 mAs). 2‐D and 1‐D pixel intensities were compared to the simulated projection to verify the accuracy of MC simulation of the entire detectorsystem. Results: 2‐D pixel intensities of the computed image agreed well to the measured image as the difference map showed values within +−10%. However, given the large number of histories required for detector simulation, the MC uncertainty was quite high, up to 10% in some regions. The central axis profile also showed good agreement between simulation and measurement within 3% on average, except in the regions where the statistical uncertainty was larger (1sigma=7.5%). Conclusions: A CBCTimager has been modeled in detail using the BEAMrnc/EGSnrc code system. Additional verification of the MC‐based modeling is warranted to for the purposes of scatter characterization.
Development and validation of AI-based pre-screening of large bowel biopsies

Abstract Background: Histopathological examination is a pivotal step in the diagnosis and treatment planning of many major diseases. With the aims of facilitating diagnostic decision-making and improving the use of pathologists' time, we developed an AI-based pre-screening tool that analyses whole slide images (WSIs) of large bowel biopsies to identify normal, inflammatory, and neoplastic biopsies. Methods: To learn the differential histological patterns from digitised WSIs of large bowel biopsy slides stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), our proposed weakly supervised deep learning method uses only slide-level diagnostic labels and no detailed cell or region-level annotations. The proposed method was developed on an internal cohort of biopsy slides (n=5054) from a single laboratory labelled with corresponding diagnostic categories assigned by pathologists. Performance of the tool was evaluated on the internal development cohort (n=5054) in a cross-validation setting, and three external unseen cohorts (n=1536) for independent validation. Findings: The proposed tool demonstrates high degree of accuracy to assist with the pre-screening of large bowel biopsies, being able to identify neoplastic biopsies (AUROC = 0*993), inflammatory biopsies (AUROC = 0*966) and all abnormal biopsies (AUROC = 0*979). On the three independent validation cohorts, it achieves AUROC values of 0*943, 0*958 and 0*964 for the detection of abnormal biopsies. Analysis of saliency maps confirms the representation of disease heterogeneity in model predictions and their association with relevant histological features. Interestingly, after examining diagnostic discrepancies between the proposed AI tool and original diagnostic labels, a panel of pathologists found that the proposed tool correctly identified a number of abnormal slides that had been initially reported as normal. Interpretations: The proposed tool with its high sensitivity of detecting abnormal colorectal biopsies promises significant improvements in clinical workflow efficiency and assistance in diagnostic decision-making through pre-screening of normal biopsies.
Bacteriophage and antibiotic combination therapy for recurrent Enterococcus faecium bacteremia

Enterococcus faecium is a member of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract microbiota but can also cause invasive infections, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Enterococci display intrinsic resistance to many antibiotics, and most clinical E. faecium isolates have acquired vancomycin resistance, leaving clinicians with a limited repertoire of effective antibiotics. As such, vancomycin-resistant E. faecium (VREfm) has become an increasingly difficult to treat nosocomial pathogen that is often associated with treatment failure and recurrent infections. We followed a patient with recurrent E. faecium bloodstream infections (BSIs) of increasing severity that ultimately became unresponsive to antibiotic combination therapy over the course of 7 years. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) showed that the patient was colonized with closely related E. faecium strains for at least two years, and that invasive isolates likely emerged from a large E. faecium population in the patient's GI tract. The addition of bacteriophage (phage) therapy to the patient's antimicrobial regimen was associated with several months of clinical improvement and reduced intestinal burden of VRE and E. faecium. Eventual recurrence of E. faecium BSI was not associated with the development of antibiotic or phage resistance in post-treatment isolates. However, an anti-phage neutralizing antibody response occurred simultaneously with an increased relative abundance of VRE in the GI tract, both of which may have contributed to clinical failure. Taken together, these findings highlight the potential utility and limitations of phage therapy to treat antibiotic-resistant enterococcal infections.
COVID-19 Vaccination Knowledge, Perception, and Reason for Adherence and nonadherence Among Nursing Students in Egypt

Introduction Vaccines are considered preventive measures to reduce coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread around the world. There are many factors for adherence and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. Objectives The study aimed to investigate nursing students’ knowledge, perception, and factors that influence their adherence to COVID-19 vaccines. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted among nursing students at the Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt, during the period between September 1 and November 30, 2021. Results Of the total of 500 participants, 76% took a COVID-19 vaccination. About 89% of participants rated the correct answer related to COVID-19 vaccination. Obligatory to enter the faculty, protect family and friends, and protect myself were the most reasons of adherence (80.3, 73.7, and 70.8%, respectively) while fear of adverse events and lack of information about vaccine were the most reasons of nonadherence (87.5 and 79.2%, respectively) to COVID-19 vaccination. The majority of participants (62%) had expressed positive perception toward COVID-19 vaccination. Education level, training program about COVID-19, previous infection with COVID-19, perception toward COVID-19 vaccination, and knowledge toward COVID-19 vaccination were significantly (p = .035, p = .027, p = .009, p = .008 and p = .033, respectively) associated with students’ adherence to take COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusion Accurate knowledge and perception about COVID-19 vaccines are the stronger predictors of vaccine hesitance or acceptance among nursing students in Egypt. Campaigns to increase knowledge and perception of COVID-19 and its vaccines among nursing students are needed to improve vaccine acceptance and reduce vaccine hesitance.
Treatment Approaches for Plantar Fasciopathy in Elite Athletes: A Scoping Review of the Literature

Background: Plantar fasciopathy is a common orthopaedic condition that affects athletes and limits their performance. Purpose: To conduct a scoping review of the literature to summarize the evidence provided so far for the management of plantar fasciopathy in elite athletes and identify potential gaps in the current knowledge. Study Design: Scoping review; Level of evidence, 5. Methods: This scoping review followed the 6-stage methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley and was registered in the Open Science Framework. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to identify eligible articles. After charting of data, studies were pooled into 3 categories: epidemiological/diagnostic studies, outcome research focused on plantar fasciitis or partial tears, and studies on the rupture of the plantar fascia. The modified Coleman Methodology Score was used to assess the quality of included articles. Results: Of 742 initial studies, 10 were selected (109 patients): 8 level 4 articles and 2 level 5 articles. In 4 studies (91 athletes), potential risk factors were discussed but not investigated (ie, preexistent thickening of the fascia, spike shoes, varus hindfoot/knee alignment). In 3 studies (6 athletes) focusing on plantar fasciitis, the nonsurgical treatment led to a satisfactory but poorly documented outcome. In 3 studies (12 athletes), the rupture of the fascia was treated nonoperatively with contrasting results, while surgery was performed only in 2 cases. The mean modified Coleman Methodology Score was 19 (range, 3-42), demonstrating overall poor methodology. Conclusion: The limited number of studies and their poor quality do not allow to define the gold standard treatment of plantar fasciopathy in elite athletes. Until high-quality studies are provided, clinicians have to rely on the available literature regarding the nonprofessional or nonathletic population to make the best evidence-based decision.
COVID-19 Messaging on Social Media for American Indian and Alaska Native Communities: Thematic Analysis of Audience Reach and Web Behavior

Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, tribal and health organizations used social media to rapidly disseminate public health guidance highlighting protective behaviors such as masking and vaccination to mitigate the pandemic’s disproportionate burden on American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities. Objective Seeking to provide guidance for future communication campaigns prioritizing AI/AN audiences, this study aimed to identify Twitter post characteristics associated with higher performance, measured by audience reach (impressions) and web behavior (engagement rate). Methods We analyzed Twitter posts published by a campaign by the Johns Hopkins Center for Indigenous Health from July 2020 to June 2021. Qualitative analysis was informed by in-depth interviews with members of a Tribal Advisory Board and thematically organized according to the Health Belief Model. A general linearized model was used to analyze associations between Twitter post themes, impressions, and engagement rates. Results The campaign published 162 Twitter messages, which organically generated 425,834 impressions and 6016 engagements. Iterative analysis of these Twitter posts identified 10 unique themes under theory- and culture-related categories of framing knowledge, cultural messaging, normalizing mitigation strategies, and interactive opportunities, which were corroborated by interviews with Tribal Advisory Board members. Statistical analysis of Twitter impressions and engagement rate by theme demonstrated that posts featuring culturally resonant community role models (P=.02), promoting web-based events (P=.002), and with messaging as part of Twitter Chats (P<.001) were likely to generate higher impressions. In the adjusted analysis controlling for the date of posting, only the promotion of web-based events (P=.003) and Twitter Chat messaging (P=.01) remained significant. Visual, explanatory posts promoting self-efficacy (P=.01; P=.01) and humorous posts (P=.02; P=.01) were the most likely to generate high–engagement rates in both the adjusted and unadjusted analysis. Conclusions Results from the 1-year Twitter campaign provide lessons to inform organizations designing social media messages to reach and engage AI/AN social media audiences. The use of interactive events, instructional graphics, and Indigenous humor are promising practices to engage community members, potentially opening audiences to receiving important and time-sensitive guidance.
A Real-Time Endoscope Motion Tracker

Objective: In colonoscopy, it is desirable to accurately localize the position of the endoscope’s distal tip. Current tip localization techniques are not sufficient for recording the position and movement of the tip, nor is its rotation measured. We hypothesize that integration of multiple tracking modalities can effectively record the endoscope’s motion in real time and continuously corrects cumulative errors. Methods: A dual modality tracking method is developed to measure the motion of the endoscope’s insertion tube in real time, including insertion length, rotation angle, and their velocities. Optical trackballs were used to measure the endoscope insertion tube’s motion and cameras were used to correct cumulative errors. Results: The accuracy of insertion length and rotational angle were measured. For speeds ≤ 10 mm/s, the median and 90th percentile insertion position errors were 0.88 mm and 2.2 mm, respectively. The insertion position error increases with the speed, reaching a maximum of 10 mm for speeds < 40 mm/s. 11° and 21° were the median and 90th percentile rotation angle errors for angular speeds < 40°/s. Cumulative errors are sufficiently reduced by the imaging modality. Conclusion: The prototype device can precisely measure an unmodified endoscope’s position, rotation, and motion in real time without significant accumulative error. The prototype device is small and compatible with existing commercial endoscopes as an add-on accessory, which could be used for reporting, localizing the lesions in follow up procedures, operational guidance, quality assurance, and training. Clinical and Translational Impact Statement—This preclinical research develops an endoscope tracker that can be integrated into colonoscopy training, automatically record endoscope motion, and be further developed to improve polyp and tumor localization during colonoscopy.
Acute Effects of a Single-Session of Full-Body Foam Rolling on Heart Rate Variability

Background Self-myofascial release has been demonstrated to increase relaxation and improve blood flow, yet it is unknown if it can elicit an acute effect on heart rate variability (HRV). Purpose This study aimed to determine if a single-bout of foam rolling could increase parasympathetic activity as measured by HRV. Methods Twenty (20) participants volunteered and their baseline HRV was assessed using a finger sensor while lying supine, and then a second measure was recorded with them sitting upright with feet on the ground. This study utilized a practical HRV collection method designed for use in the field settings, and the data is recorded in arbitrary units (A.U.). Participants then oscillated on a closed-cell cylindrical foam roller using their body weight on the triceps surae, hamstrings, quadriceps, lumbar spine, and pectoral muscles each for 60 sec. Participants first massaged the right limb and then repeated on the matching muscle group on the left before continuing to the next region. Follow-up HRV measurements were recorded using the same procedures. Results Paired samples t tests assessing pre- and post-foam–rolling HRV measures in supine and seated positions revealed no difference between supine measures (p = .05, d = 0.21), nor the seated measures (p = .27, d = 0.17) among all participants. When sexes were analyzed separately, males showed a significant decrease in HRV in supine positions (p = .03, d = 0.33), but females did not (p = .55, d = 0.09). Conclusions The single bout of foam rolling on large muscle groups did not increase parasympathetic activity as hypothesized. Males and females responded differently in supine positions, but no difference was present in seated positions across sexes. The task of self-massage may have prevented the anticipated response from the massage. Further research should investigate if passive massage is more effective on HRV response.