Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS FOR ALTERATION MAPPING

Reducing the number of image bands input for principal component analysis (PCA) ensures that certain materials will not be mapped and increases the likelihood that others will be unequivocally mapped into only one of the principal component images. In arid terrain, PCA of four TM bands will avoid iron-oxide and thus more reliably detect hydroxyl-bearing minerals if only one input band is from the visible spectrum. PCA for iron-oxide mapping will avoid hydroxyls if only one of the SWIR bands is used. A simple principal component color composite image can then be created in which anomalous concentrations of hydroxyl, hydroxyl plus iron-oxide, and iron-oxide are displayed brightly in red-green-blue (RGB) color space. This composite allows qualitative inferences on alteration type and intensity to be made which can be widely applied.
IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION OF A TRAINEE TEACHER: A CASE STUDY

Teacher training involves a wide range of missions, especially at the stage of transitioning a trainee teacher into a teacher. While much attention has been paid to what is required of by the trainee teacher to be qualified as a teacher, not much has been paid to looking at the trainee teacher himself or herself in terms of what he or she thinks and does in the real classroom to empower himself or herself to be a teacher in particular discourses across the classroom landscape. Drawing on the sociocultural view of identity, this paper presents, but not limits, the concept of teacher identity as an ongoing process constructed, negotiated, and maintained primarily through discourse. The theoretical concept is then exemplified with a case study of a trainee teacher of English. Preliminary data from interviews and classroom observations provide insights into the teacher’s perceptions and practices towards what she meant to be recognised as a teacher. The paper calls for more attention to be given to viewing identity construction in relation to classroom discourse on the part of not only teacher educators but also trainee teachers themselves to facilitate the process of teacher training.
The Chronic Disease Self-Management Program: A Resource for Use with Older CKD Patients

This commentary will briefly highlight the importance of promoting chronic disease self-management among older adults who are disproportionately affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5. Older adults represent the fastest growing segment of the CKD stage 5 population. Undoubtedly, the rapidly aging population will present new challenges and demands for the CKD health care community. The Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) is one existing intervention that has been recognized as potentially having utility for use with the CKD population. In this paper, we highlight opportunities for expanding the CDSMP to the population of older adults undergoing hemodialysis. The CDSMP is a six-week, lay-led, evidence-based program that includes interactive activities, such as behavior specific action plans to improve chronic disease self-management behaviors. The CDSMP covers a wide range of health-related topics, including dealing with emotional struggles, effective communication, exercise, and nutrition. Special considerations for effective implementation of the CDSMP in hemodialysis settings are emphasized.
Grapevine leaf species and disease detection using DNN

The cultivation of grapes is one of India’s most important produce industries. The grapes comprise 1.2% of the country’s total produce production area. This accounts for 2.8% of the nation’s total fruit production. Maharashtra produces approximately 80% of India’s grapes, followed by Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. However, grape leaf maladies have impeded the growth of the grape industry and resulted in significant economic losses. Disease and pest control experts have, therefore, given considerable thought to identifying and analyzing grapevine leaf maladies. This article examines the image dataset of grapevine foliage. The dataset contains images of grapevine leaves infected with three distinct diseases: black, Esca (Black Measles), and leaf blight (Isariopsis Leaf Spot). This paper examines the efficacy of CNN-based algorithms for grapevine species identification and disease detection. The experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed model can accurately identify grape leaf varieties and their associated diseases
Slump Features, Fayetteville Formation, Northwestern Arkansas

ABSTRACT At a single outcrop of the Fayetteville Formation (Upper Mississippian) in northern Arkansas, a small portion of the section, consisting of alternating thin limestones and shales shows evidence of having slid or slumped, forming the following kinds of features: limestone mounds or rolls (slump balls), depression of beds under the mounds, irregular-shaped beds (slump sheets), beds which are sharply cut off, folding of beds, marked by recumbent layers of cherty limestone, and chert and limestone breccia. The fine-grained, unfossiliferous limestone containing up to 40 percent sapropelic material, suggests accumulation of these limestones under restricted marine conditions. The beds slid mainly from a northerly direction. The ultimate cause for the sliding is uncertain.
Comparative Analysis of Swine Antibody Responses following Vaccination with Live-Attenuated and Killed African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is circulating in many swine-producing countries, causing significant economic losses. It is observed that pigs experimentally vaccinated with a live-attenuated virus (LAV) but not a killed virus (KV) vaccine develop solid homologous protective immunity. The objective of this study was to comparatively analyze antibody profiles between pigs vaccinated with an LAV vaccine and those vaccinated with a KV vaccine to identify potential markers of vaccine-induced protection. Thirty ASFV seronegative pigs were divided into three groups: Group 1 received a single dose of an experimental LAV, Group 2 received two doses of an experimental KV vaccine, and Group 3 was kept as a non-vaccinated (NV) control. At 42 days post-vaccination, all pigs were challenged with the parental virulent ASFV strain and monitored for 21 days. All pigs vaccinated with the LAV vaccine survived the challenge. In contrast, eight pigs from the KV group and seven pigs from the NV group died within 14 days post-challenge. Serum samples collected on 41 days post-vaccination were analyzed for their reactivity against a panel of 29 viral structural proteins. The sera of pigs from the LAV group exhibited a strong antibody reactivity against various viral structural proteins, while the sera of pigs in the KV group only displayed weak antibody reactivity against the inner envelope (p32, p54, p12). There was a negative correlation between the intensity of antibody reactivity against five ASFV antigens, namely p12, p14, p15, p32, and pD205R, and the viral DNA titers in the blood of animals after the challenge infection. Thus, antibody reactivities against these five antigens warrant further evaluation as potential indicators of vaccine-induced protection.
Toward a Transportable Cell Culture Platform for Evaluating Radiotherapy Dose Modifying Factors

The current tools for validating dose delivery and optimizing new radiotherapy technologies in radiation therapy do not account for important dose modifying factors (DMFs), such as variations in cellular repair capability, tumor oxygenation, ultra-high dose rates and the type of ionizing radiation used. These factors play a crucial role in tumor control and normal tissue complications. To address this need, we explored the feasibility of developing a transportable cell culture platform (TCCP) to assess the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of ionizing radiation. We measured cell recovery, clonogenic viability and metabolic viability of MDA-MB-231 cells over several days at room temperature in a range of concentrations of fetal bovine serum (FBS) in medium-supplemented gelatin, under both normoxic and hypoxic oxygen environments. Additionally, we measured the clonogenic viability of the cells to characterize how the duration of the TCCP at room temperature affected their radiosensitivity at doses up to 16 Gy. We found that (78±2)% of MDA-MB-231 cells were successfully recovered after being kept at room temperature for three days in 50% FBS in medium-supplemented gelatin at hypoxia (0.4±0.1)% pO2, while metabolic and clonogenic viabilities as measured by ATP luminescence and colony formation were found to be (58±5)% and (57±4)%, respectively. Additionally, irradiating a TCCP under normoxic and hypoxic conditions yielded a clonogenic oxygen enhancement ratio (OER) of 1.4±0.6 and a metabolic OER of 1.9±0.4. Our results demonstrate that the TCCP can be used to assess the RBE of a DMF and provides a feasible platform for assessing DMFs in radiation therapy applications.
3D analysis of pore effect on composite elasticity by means of the finite-element method

We developed a 3D buffer-layer finite-element method model to investigate the porosity effect on macroscopic elasticity. Using the 3D model, the effect of pores on bulk effective elastic properties was systematically analyzed by changing the degree of porosity, the aspect ratio of the ellipsoidal pore, and the elasticity of the material. The results in 3D space were compared with the previous results in 2D space. Derivatives of normalized elastic stiffness constants with respect to needle-type porosity were integers, if the Poisson ratio of a matrix material was zero; those derivatives of normalized stiffness elastic constants for C33, C44, C11, and C66 converged to −1, −2, −3, and −4, respectively, at the corresponding condition. We have developed a criterion of R < ∼1∕3, where the mutual interaction between pores became negligible for macroscopic composite elasticity. These derivatives were nearly constant at less than 5% porosity in the case of a spherical pore, suggesting that the interaction between neighboring pores was insignificant if the representative size of the pore was less than one-third of the mean distance between neighboring pores. The relations we obtained in this work were successfully applied to invert the bulk modulus and rigidity of Cmcm-CaIrO3 as a case study; the performance of the inverting scheme was confirmed through this assessment. Thus, our scheme is applicable to predict the macroscopic elasticity of porous object as well.
A Water Monitoring System for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Based on Ultrasonic Lamb Waves: An Ex Situ Proof of Concept

Up to date, the efficiencies of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are limited by the water flooding issue. Water monitoring systems, which are a crucial step to overcoming these flooding-related problems, are mostly either invasive or compromise on the temporal resolution and field of view. Thus, we propose an ultrasonic-Lamb-waves-based, real-time, and nondestructive water monitoring system. Briefly, ultrasonic transducers are mounted on the back side of bipolar plates (BPPs) exciting Lamb waves along flow channels incorporated in BPPs. Echo signals from water droplets in the channels are also received by the transducers. Thus, with the knowledge of Lamb wave propagation velocity, water droplets are spatially resolved by the time of flight of each droplet echo. Meanwhile, the energy of each droplet-induced echo wave packet is used to quantify the local flooding status. We have implemented a flexible and generic system adaptable to various flow field designs. The working principle was demonstrated for ex situ conditions with a BPP with a 25-cm2 active area. A water sensitivity of at least 50 nL was realized, allowing for studying droplet and slug flows in PEMFCs. A 1.3-mm spatial resolution and a 2-kHz temporal resolution were simultaneously achieved. The high-performance water monitoring opens new horizons to study dynamic water evolution in channels of PEMFCs using cost-effective instrumentation, which may pave the way toward more efficient high-power PEMFCs with increased lifetimes.
THE INFLUENCE OF SWIMMING VELOCITY ON THE KINEMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF BACKSTROKE SWIMMING

Under standard workout conditions, swimmers spend most of their time swimming at rates significantly lower than racing speed. Specificity of training is not just a metabolic problem, but also a technical and a kinesiological one. The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent swimming the backstroke at different speeds implies a change in the stroke pattern and in the kinematics of the propulsive movements. We also studied the technical characteristics associated with performance in short distance efforts. A third aim of this study was to compare the intra-cycle velocity variation of the center of gravity of the body to the intra-cycle velocity variation of the hip point. Seven well-trained male swimmers participated in this study (age: 14.71±0.76 years, height: 1.74±0.39 m, body mass: 63.14±5.52 kg, %FAT: 15.40±1.81). Each subject performed 3 x 50 m backstroke repeats with 15 min of rest at a velocity corresponding to 90% (v90), 95% (v95) and 100% (vmax) of best performance in the 50 m backstroke. The swimmers were filmed on the sagittal plane, underwater and above the water, with synchronized cameras (60 Hz). Images were mixed and then digitized for further analysis using the APAS system. Peak mean horizontal velocities of the hand occurred during the upsweep at v90 and v95 and during the finish/exit at vmax. Total stroke duration decreased from v90 to v100 due to the shorter duration of the downsweep, the final downsweep and the finish/exit, but the relative duration of the phases did not show any significant changes. Increasing velocity caused an increase in the distance between point of entry into the water and point of exit of the hand from the water, but mean horizontal pulling length decreased. Swimming velocity at sub-maximal paces correlated well to mean body velocity at the upsweep, but at vmax, the highest association was to body velocity at the final downsweep. Maximal velocity in the 50 m backstroke was inversely correlated to the range of intra-cycle velocity variations of the body center of gravity. This parameter showed a poor individual correlation to the hip velocity variation (r=0.58 ± 0.18). The correlation between the coefficient of variation of the hip and the center of gravity intra-cycle velocities had, on the contrary, a high significance. Movement of temporal and spatial structures seem to vary little with velocity changes in swimmers who have attained a good stabilization of motor execution. In fast swimming, nevertheless, swimmers apparently achieve a greater anterioposterior stabilization of the hand, which may indicate more pronounced lift oriented sculling actions, and performance becomes more dependent on the final portion of the underwater path. The variation of the mean velocity of the hip cannot be used for quantification of the changes of body velocity from phase to phase, but a coefficient of variation (SD . mean-1 . 100) of intra-cycle hip velocity seems to be an adequate indicator of the intra-cycle velocity variation of the body center of gravity.
Destination image, unforgettable traveling experience, and revisit intention: Viewpoint from tourists visiting cultural attraction

Bandung is recognized as a flower city because of its beauty. Besides, it provides several destinations for tourists. One is Saung Angklung Udjo (SAU), oriented to Sundanese culture. For the tourism business, the revisiting intention of tourists becomes valuable for its sustainability. Therefore, this study reveals the determinant of revisiting intent. According to previous research, they are a destination image and an unforgettable traveling experience. In other words, this study aims to check and analyze three effects. The first and second are the influence of destination image on revisiting intention and unforgettable traveling experience. The third is the impact of the memorable touring experience on this intention. Then, to achieve this purpose, it employs 169 domestic tourists visiting SAU as the sample and the covariance-based structural equation model with its feature to examine three hypotheses formulated. After investigating them, this study concludes destination image positively affects revisit intention and unforgettable traveling experience. Similarly, this positive sign exists for the relationship between this experience and intention.
A new ornithological record, Pechora Pipit Anthus gustavi Swinhoe, 1863, from Xinjiang

4 Sunbird, Bedfordshire, SG 19 1DF, UK Abstract: On 15 September, 2010, a Pechora Pipit Anthus gustavi Swinhoe was found in the Hami prefecture (41°13'N and 93°29'E, 1,143 m a.s.l.), Xinjiang, during the period of a comprehensive scientific survey in Lop Nur region. The bird, which was photographed, is a new avian record for Xinjiang. The pipit reproduces in northern Eurasia, mainly in wide meadows and low hills, and can be found in open forests and nearby residential areas in the process of on migration. The species is an insectivore and is a rare migrant or vagrant in Xinjiang. The geographical distribution, character, habitat, ecological habit and subspecies of the Pechora Pipit were discussed in this paper.
Legal Education for a Tobacco-Free Lifestyle in Muslim Communities

This study examines the implications of legal education in strengthening a tobacco-free lifestyle among the Muslim community. The research design is qualitative. The study took place in Bone-Bone Village, an exotic area in the Latimojong Mountains of Indonesia, which successfully implemented a tobacco-free lifestyle in all dimensions through legal education based on Islamic values. The study involved 135 participants who understood the research objectives and were willing to participate. Data was collected through interviews and focused group discussions. Data analysis was conducted using nVivo Basic 12.00 x32 for Windows. The Village Regulations 2009 is the foundation for the community's legal education process. The community's acceptance of the tobacco-free area rules through legal education is very good. Supporting factors include: 1) Actors, such as the village head (34.78%), traditional leaders (26.09%), religious leaders (21.74%), and educators (13.04%); 2) Culture, mutual respect being a legal education value derived from local community wisdom (42.86%), and village residents complying with the rules; 3) Tobacco-free lifestyle is supported by awareness of maintaining a healthy environment (24.71%) and considering the continuation of education for children in the village. Actors, culture, and community behaviour support legal compliance and awareness. Legal education has implications for a tobacco-free lifestyle, supported by actor factors playing roles as initiators, communicators, and drivers. The cultural factors of the community that uphold Islamic values and behavioural factors are manifestations of compliance with positive law, religious guidance, and a healthy lifestyle.
Anatomy of Modern Open-Ocean Windward Carbonate Slope: Northern Little Bahama Bank: ABSTRACT

The modern carbonate slopes in the northern Bahamas are classified as windward or leeward types along open oceans, open seaways, or closed seaways. Morphologically the open-ocean windward carbonate slope, End_Page 962------------------------------ north of Little Bahama Bank, can be divided into upper and lower slopes. The upper slope is relatively steep (2 to 4°) and heavily dissected by numerous, roughly evenly spaced submarine canyons or gullies that display 50 to 100 m of relief. The seismic facies of this upper slope consists of parallel to subparallel reflectors. Core data indicate that most sediments on this upper slope, including those immediately adjacent to shallow-water reefs, are fine-grained periplatform oozes. Core data combined with 3.5 kHz PDR profiles reveal a gradual downslope decrease in the amount of submarine cementation. Where cementation is not an important factor, submarine sliding begins, probably due to overloading. In contrast, the lower slope is a broad, smooth, relatively gentle (~ 1°) region with few canyons. The seismic facies here consists of chaotic/discordant to wavy, subparallel reflectors. Core data indicate a dominance of coarse-grained debris flow and turbidity current deposits, interlayered with minor pelagic sediments. Most of the coarse detritus in these sediment gravity flows was derived from the upper slope. Pelagic sedimentation, incipient submarine cementation, and mass movements interact to produce very coarse-grained material on the lower slope from initially fine-grained upper slope sediments. Numerous unlithified deep-water coral mounds are also present on the lower slope. The morphology and sedimentary/seismic facies relations of this carbonate slope indicate sedimentation from a line source rather than a point source. In contrast to submarine fan development from a point source, base of slope sedimentation along a line source produces a broad apron of coarse sediment, gravity flow deposits on the lower slope paralleling the shelf/slope break. In terms of hydrocarbon exploration the lower slope sediment gravity flow facies appears to have the greatest potential as a reservoir. End_of_Article - Last_Page 963------------
Terrified or Enraged? Emotional Microfoundations of Public Counterterror Attitudes

Abstract Despite the widespread assumption of terrorism's “terrifying” effect, there has been little systematic testing of the specific emotional microfoundations underlying public opinion about terrorism. While fear is one well-recognized emotional response to terror threats, in societies where terrorism is rare, anger may play a more pivotal role, with distinct consequences for citizens’ downstream political attitudes. To test the impact of these emotional mechanisms on public opinion in the wake of terrorism, I employ a multi-arm mechanism experiment (n = 5,499) in the United States that manipulates both exposure to news about different types of terror attacks and the encouraged emotional response. I supplement this experimental study with observational analyses of the emotional content of social media posts in the wake of sixteen real-world terror attacks in the United States. I find that not only is anger the dominant emotional response to terrorism across both studies, but also that punitive motivations and support for retaliation are both directly shaped by experimentally induced anger after exposure to news about terrorism. These findings illuminate strategic incentives shaping militants’ use of terror tactics, electoral constraints leaders face in formulating counterterror policy, and the emotional mechanisms fueling cycles of political violence.
The 2012 National Earthquake Hazard Map of Australia

Geoscience Australia has recently released the 2012 version of the National Earthquake Hazard Map of Australia. Among other applications, the map is a research product that can inform the hazard component of Australia’s earthquake loading code AS1170.4 along with other uses. This paper provides an overview of the new map, or to be more accurate maps, and how they were developed. The maps take advantage of significant improvements in both the data sets and models used for earthquake hazard assessment in Australia since the map currently in AS1170.4-2007 was produced. These include: • An additional 20 + years of earthquake observations • Improved methods of declustering earthquake catalogues and calculating earthquake recurrence • Ground motion prediction equations (i.e. attenuation equations) based on observed strong motions instead of intensity • Revised earthquake source zones implementing a multi-layer model • Improved maximum magnitude earthquake estimates based on palaeoseismology • The use of open source software for undertaking probabilistic seismic hazard assessment, which promotes testability and repeatability