Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementing Rigorous Survey Methodology within Contexts of Social Work Education, Training and Practice: A Case Study in Substance Use

With the integration of evidence-based practice central to all areas of social work education and training across the globe, it is crucial that we continue to engage with the methodological challenges inherent in gathering this evidence, particularly when it is related to the nature of social work education itself. As a result, this paper addresses some of the methodological challenges involved in examining the education available to social workers on engaging with substance use, both within the social work academy and local authorities in England. Drawing on experiences of implementing large scale online surveys from three substantial research projects completed by the authors, this paper highlights four methodological themes: (1) Constructing a representative sampling frame; (2) Identifying participants within organisations with many departments; (3) Response rates; and (4) Questionnaire design. While these are familiar methodological considerations, this article draws attention to the specific complexities of gathering ‘representative’ knowledge to inform educational strategies on substance use within social work education and employment contexts. Finally this paper offers lessons learned and guidance for social work academics, students and practitioners who are minded to build, or draw from, an evidence-base using representative samples from and within these environments.
A new algorithm for computing reducts based on the binary discernibility matrix

Attribute reduction is a very important task in Rough Set Theory. In this context, in recent years several attribute reduction algorithms based on the discernibility matrix have been proposed. In this paper, we go back to the binary discernibility matrix and reformulate some basic concepts that allow us to build on them an algorithm for computing reducts. The proposed algorithm takes advantage of the binary representation used for the discernibility matrix and depending on the fulfillment of certain pruning properties several candidates can be jumped (pruned). In this way, the number of candidates to be tested is reduced. Additionally, from the binary discernibility matrix, we define a more compact and ordered matrix, which allows reducing even more the amount of candidates to be evaluated, and the cost of verifying each one of them. The proposed algorithm is able to compute all the reducts of an information table, but it can also be used to find a reduct, or a certain number of them. Experiments over standard datasets show that our algorithm has a good performance.
Deficit Round Robin Alternated : A New Scheduling Algorithm

This paper proposes a new scheduling algorithm named DRRA (Deficit Round Robin Alternated) that achieves an improvement in the uniform distribution of the output traffic respect to the existent DRR (Deficit Round Robin) algorithm. This work is embraced into a line of research that intends to provide Ethernet users with the quality of service of ATM. To achieve this, an architecture called “Cells in Frame” (CIF) is used, which allows ATM cells to be carried in Ethernet frames. An implementation of this architecture has been made using the DRRA algorithm. Some other algorithms have also been deployed in order to contrast them with the proposed one. The results obtained demonstrate the aforementioned improvement respect to the DRR algorithm.
How does trust affect the performance of ongoing teams? The mediating role of reflexivity, monitoring, and effort.

In this study, we investigate how trust affects the performance of ongoing teams. We propose a multiple mediator model in which different team processes act as mediating mechanisms that transmit the positive effects of trust to team performance. Drawing on a data set of ongoing tax consulting teams, we found support for the mediated effects of trust via team monitoring and team effort. Our results did not support the mediating role of “team reflexivity. ” These findings contribute to understanding how trust operates within ongoing teams in a way that is distinct from what is known from studies of short-term teams.
Conceptualizing and Measuring the Organizational Environment: A Multidimensional Approach

Neither a single set of constructs nor a single set of measures of the organizational environment is widely accepted, making it difficult to build a comprehensive literature on the impact of the environment on thefirm. In this article we review three constructs-complexity, instability, and resource availability common to most environmental research. We identify theoretical omissions in Dess and Beard's (1984) measurement of these constructs, and present a revised set of constructs designed to build on their research. The new measures' construct validity is assessed using perceptual data from senior managers. We investigate the predictive validity of both our measures and Dess and Beard's by using them to predict industry performance. We also use our measures to predict two firm-level structural variables. We argue that the revised measures more accurately reflect our theoretical un-derstanding of environmental dimensions.
Incubating and Sustaining

In spite of the U.S. corporatized education “reform” movement where the curriculum has been narrowed and teachers are pressured to teach to the test, many educators enact critical pedagogical practices that seek to make school a place that is equitable, democratic, collaborative, just, and humane. Using data from an in-depth qualitative interview study with eight critical P-12 U.S. teachers, the author found that teacher networks play important roles in helping people decide to become critical educators who teach for social justice and in sustaining their critical teaching once they are in the classroom. This article argues that it is imperative for teacher educators to use social justice networks to recruit prospective teachers and to help existing teacher candidates form and connect with networks. These practices may bring new teachers committed to social justice into the field of education and sustain the work of those already teaching for justice.
Application-Kernel Collaboration Mechanisms for Real-Time Cluster Server under Overloading

Cluster-based servers delivering timely responsive service can shorten response latency and maximize system throughput through multi-threading. However, under high workload, large volume of threads may overload the kernel, leading to an inoperational system "hold-out" status. Majority of overload control work have been done at application level, but lack the collaboration between application and kernel to proactively respond to overloading. In this paper we propose two application-kernel cooperative mechanisms, of which the Flush-Out function recovers system from overloading by filtering out certain amount of events from kernel, and the Early-Drop mechanism protects system from overloading by proactively responding to load status. Experiments on a cluster server indicate the proposed mechanisms improve serverpsilas responsiveness under high load condition by substantially cutting the response time by 7~22% and event drop rate to 10~21%. The application-kernel mechanisms demonstrate its effectiveness in keeping mission-critical servers in operational state and delivering improved performance under high . workload.
High-Resolution View of the Yeast Meiotic Program Revealed by Ribosome Profiling

Monitoring Meiosis During meiosis, or in yeast sporulation, haploid cells are generated from diploid cells. Brar et al. (p. 552, published online 22 December) performed a detailed analysis of messenger RNA (mRNA) abundance and protein synthesis over the course of sporulation. The production of most proteins was tightly regulated both at the mRNA level and by translational control. An unexpected complexity was observed as the cell passed through this key developmental transition, including increases in noncanonical translation from upstream regions of known RNA transcripts, which appear to be important in translational control. During yeast sporulation, the production of most proteins is tightly regulated by both messenger RNA levels and translational control. Meiosis is a complex developmental process that generates haploid cells from diploid progenitors. We measured messenger RNA (mRNA) abundance and protein production through the yeast meiotic sporulation program and found strong, stage-specific expression for most genes, achieved through control of both mRNA levels and translational efficiency. Monitoring of protein production timing revealed uncharacterized recombination factors and extensive organellar remodeling. Meiotic translation is also shifted toward noncanonical sites, including short open reading frames (ORFs) on unannnotated transcripts and upstream regions of known transcripts (uORFs). Ribosome occupancy at near-cognate uORFs was associated with more efficient ORF translation; by contrast, some AUG uORFs, often exposed by regulated 5′ leader extensions, acted competitively. This work reveals pervasive translational control in meiosis and helps to illuminate the molecular basis of the broad restructuring of meiotic cells.
Analysis of Scenarios with Petri-Net Models

Requirements analysis plays a key role in the software development process. Scenario-based representation is often used for software requirements specification (SRS). Scenarios written in natural language may be ambiguous, and, sometimes, inaccurate. This problem is partially due to the fact that interactions among scenarios are rarely represented explicitly. As scenarios are used as input to subsequent activities of the software development process (SD), it is very important to enable their analysis, especially to detect flaws or problems due to wrong or missing information. This work proposes a Petri-Net based approach as an effective way to analyze the acquired scenarios. To enable the automated analysis, scenarios are translated into equivalent Place/Transition Petri-Nets. Scenarios and their resulting Petri-Nets can be automatically analyzed to evaluate some properties related to correctness, consistency and completeness. The identified problems can be traced back to the scenarios, allowing their revision. We also discuss how correctness, consistency and completeness of scenario-based SRSs can be decomposed in related properties using the NFR approach. Proposal's workability is demonstrated through two running examples.
Transporter effects on cell permeability in drug delivery

ABSTRACT Introduction: The role of drug transporters as one of the determinants of cellular drug permeability has become increasingly evident. Despite the lipophilicity of a drug molecule as rate-limiting factor for passive diffusion across biological membranes, carrier-mediated and active transport have gained attention over the years. A better understanding of the effects and roles of these influx transporters towards transmembrane permeability of a drug molecule need to be delineated for drug development and delivery. Areas covered: This review focuses on findings relative to role of transporters in drug absorption and bioavailability. Particularly the areas demanding further research have been emphasized. This review will also highlight various transporters expressed on vital organs and their effects on drug pharmacokinetics. Expert opinion: Significant efforts have been devoted to understand the role of transporters, their iterative interplay with metabolizing enzymes through molecular enzymology, binding and structure-activity relationship studies. A few assays such as parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) have been developed to analyze drug transport across phospholipid membranes. Although large web-accessible databases on tissue selective expression profiles at transcriptomic as well as proteomic are available, there is a need to collocate the scattered literature on the role of transporters in drug development and delivery.
Fertility decline in aging roosters is related to increased testicular and plasma levels of estradiol.

The relationships between testicular and plasma hormone levels and the decline in fertility in aging roosters were examined. Body mass, testicular mass, and fertility were measured in roosters from 20 to 72 weeks of age. Plasma was assayed for LH and testosterone, and estradiol and testicular extracts were assayed for testosterone and estradiol contents. Fertility increased rapidly in young roosters to a peak of 96.2 +/- 3.9% at 37 weeks of age. Thereafter, fertility declined and by 72 weeks of age was significantly lower than at 37 weeks. Plasma LH reached 16.8 +/- 2.5 ng/ml at 27 weeks and remained high until 60 weeks of age, when it decreased significantly. Plasma and testicular testosterone levels increased from low levels in young birds to a peak that coincided with highest fertility and declined thereafter. Plasma and testicular estradiol showed a striking inverse relationship with testosterone. Plasma estradiol was 29.4 +/- 4.0 pg/ml in 20-week-old birds, decreased rapidly as testosterone increased, and increased again in older birds as testosterone decreased. Thus, the decline in fertility in aging roosters was associated with a decrease in plasma LH and testosterone and an increase in plasma and testicular estradiol. It is suggested that plasma levels of LH and testosterone in roosters are regulated by a negative feedback mechanism involving estradiol that is produced not only by the aromatization of testosterone in the brain but also by peripheral estradiol originating in the testes and that estradiol has a major role in the decline in fertility in aging roosters.
Unsupervised Prediction of Acceptability Judgements

In this paper we present the task of unsupervised prediction of speakers’ acceptability judgements. We use a test set generated from the British National Corpus (BNC) containing both grammatical sentences and sentences containing a variety of syntactic infelicities introduced by round trip machine translation. This set was annotated for acceptability judgements through crowd sourcing. We trained a variety of unsupervised language models on the original BNC, and tested them to see the extent to which they could predict mean speakers’ judgements on the test set. To map probability to acceptability, we experimented with several normalisation functions to neutralise the effects of sentence length and word frequencies. We found encouraging results with the unsupervised models predicting acceptability across two different datasets. Our methodology is highly portable to other domains and languages, and the approach has potential implications for the representation and the acquisition of linguistic knowledge.
Particles Swarm Optimization Based Parameter Identification of Nonlinear Viscoelastic-Plastic Constitutive Equation of Soybean and Cottonseed

By using of combining theoretical model with empirical model, the nonlinear viscoelastic-plastic constitutive equations of soybean and cottonseed were developed on the basis of the creep test. The parameter inverse problem of constitutive model was proposed using improved particles swarm optimization. Numerical simulations of creep of soybean and cottonseed were carried out. The definition of critical pressing time for oil extraction and the method for determining the critical pressing time using creep rate were proposed. The values of critical pressing time for extruded soybean and cottonseed under six applied pressures were evaluated. Results indicated that the nonlinear viscoelastic-plastic constitutive model could simulate rheological behaviors of soybean and cottonseed very well. Mean relative deviations between the experimental and predicted values of soybean and cottonseed were 1.55% and 1.93%, respectively. There were significant decreases in the values for the creep rates in the early stage of pressing , and decreases to an insignificant and stabilize value in the later stage.
The efficacy of ultrasonic irrigation to remove artificially placed dentine debris from different-sized simulated plastic root canals.

AIM To investigate the influence of diameter and taper of root canals on the effectiveness of ultrasonic irrigation to remove artificially placed dentine debris from simulated uninstrumented extensions in simulated root canals. METHOD Three groups of standard canals were cut in resin blocks using either size 20, . 04 taper ProFile instruments, size 20, . 06 Greater Taper (GT) rotary instruments or size 20, . 08 GT instruments, respectively. Each resin block was then split longitudinally through the canal, forming two halves. In one canal wall, a standard groove 4 mm in length was cut 2-6 mm from the apical end of the canal, to simulate uninstrumented canal extensions. Each groove was filled with dentine debris mixed with 2% NaOCl to simulate a situation when dentine debris accumulates in the uninstrumented canal extensions. Each canal was reassembled by joining the two halves of the resin block by means of wires and sticky wax. In each canal ultrasonic irrigation was performed for 3 min using 2% NaOCl as irrigant. Before and after irrigation, images of each half of the canal with a groove were taken using a microscope and a digital camera, after which they were scanned into a PC as TIFF images. The quantity of dentine debris in the groove was evaluated using a scoring system: the higher the score, the larger the amount of debris remaining. The score data were analysed by means of Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests. RESULTS After ultrasonic irrigation, the debris score for the size 20,. 04 taper group was significantly higher than that for the size 20,. 06 group (P = 0.040) and the size 20,. 08 group (P = 0.006) groups. However, no significant difference was found between the size 20,. 06 and the size 20,. 08 groups (P = 0.320). CONCLUSION In simulated plastic root canals, the diameter and taper of root canal influenced the effectiveness of ultrasonic irrigation to remove artificially placed dentine debris.
UWB localization in EIGER indoor/outdoor positioning system

The EIGER1 project proposes a global approach for the exploitation of the efficient joint use of GNSS signals and UWB positioning in order to allow permanent and reliable outdoor/indoor localization. This paper is focused on the UWB positioning subsystem designed within the project. The architecture of the system and design of the main devices are described. Results of selected laboratory tests of developed equipments are presented and discussed.
Robust Joint Discriminative Feature Learning for Visual Tracking

Because of the complementarity of multiple visual cues (features) in appearance modeling, many tracking algorithms attempt to fuse multiple features to improve the tracking performance from two aspects: increasing the representation accuracy against appearance variations and enhancing the discriminability between the tracked target and its background. Since both these two aspects simultaneously contribute to the success of a visual tracker, how to fully unleash the capabilities of multiple features from these two aspects in appearance modeling is a key issue for feature fusion-based visual tracking. To address this problem, different from other feature fusion-based trackers which consider one of these two aspects only, this paper proposes an unified feature learning framework which simultaneously exploits both the representation capability and the discriminability of multiple features for visual tracking. In particular, the proposed feature learning framework is capable of: 1) learning robust features by separating out corrupted features for accurate feature representation, 2) seamlessly imposing the discriminabiltiy of multiple visual cues into feature learning, and 3) fusing features by exploiting their shared and feature-specific discriminative information. Extensive experiment results on challenging videos show that the the proposed tracker performs favourably against other ten state-of-the-art trackers.
Probing background ionization: positive streamers with varying pulse repetition rate and with a radioactive admixture

Positive streamers need a source of free electrons ahead of them to propagate. A streamer can supply these electrons by itself through photo-ionization, or the electrons can be present due to external background ionization. Here we investigate the effects of background ionization on streamer propagation and morphology by changing the gas composition and the repetition rate of the voltage pulses, and by adding a small amount of radioactive 85Kr. We find that the general morphology of a positive streamer discharge in high-purity nitrogen depends on background ionization: at lower background ionization levels the streamers branch more and have a more feather-like appearance. This is observed both when varying the repetition rate and when adding 85Kr, though side branches are longer with the radioactive admixture. But velocities and minimal diameters of streamers are virtually independent of the background ionization level. In air, the inception cloud breaks up into streamers at a smaller radius when the repetition rate and therefore the background ionization level is higher. When measuring the effects of the pulse repetition rate and of the radioactive admixture on the discharge morphology, we found that our estimates of background ionization levels are consistent with these observations; this gives confidence in the estimates. Streamer channels generally do not follow the paths of previous discharge channels for repetition rates of up to 10 Hz. We estimate the effect of recombination and diffusion of ions and free electrons from the previous discharge and conclude that the old trail has largely disappeared at the moment of the next voltage pulse; therefore the next streamers indeed cannot follow the old trail.
Principles of Data Structure Error Correction

Error correction in robust data structures is a difficult problem. Several algorithms for correcting structural errors, in certain list and tree structures, are now known. These algorithms have been examined to determine common design features which may prove useful in the design of correction algorithms for other structures. This paper presents a summary of the algorithms studied and the design principles which were derived. The paper is not a "cookbook" for constructing error correction algorithms, but should prove useful to those designing such algorithms. Implications for the design of robust data structures, so that correction may be done easily, are also briefly discussed.
Leadership, Cohesion, and Team Norms Regarding Cheating and Aggression

The present study drew from the model of moral action proposed by Shields and Bredemeier (1995) according to which a sport team’s collective norms influence behavior. The focus was on team cheating and aggression norms in relation to demographic variables, leadership style, and team cohesion. Participants were baseball and softball players (N=298) at the high school and community college level. It was found that age, year in school, and years playing ball all correlated positively with expectations of peer cheating and aggression, and with the belief that the coach would sanction cheating if necessary to win. MANOVA results indicated higher anticipations of cheating and aggression among males, college athletes, winning team members, and nonstarters. Significant relationships between leadership style variables and collective team norms, and between team cohesion variables and collective team norms, were also obtained.