Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aerobic and Muscle-Strengthening Physical Activity, Television Viewing, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The CARDIA Study

Background: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in U.S. adults is over 30%, yet the role of lifestyle factors in the etiology of NAFLD remains understudied. We examined the associations of physical activity, by intensity and type, and television viewing with prevalent NAFLD. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of a population-based sample of 2726 Black (49%) and White (51%) adults (Mean (SD) age, 50 (3.6) years; 57.3% female) from the CARDIA study. Exposures were aerobic activity by intensity (moderate, vigorous; hours/week); activity type (aerobic, muscle-strengthening; hours/week); and television viewing (hours/week), examined concurrently in all models and assessed by validated questionnaires. Our outcome was NAFLD (liver attenuation < 51 Hounsfield Units), measured by non-contrast computed tomography, after exclusions for other causes of liver fat. Covariates were sex, age, race, study center, education, diet quality, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and body mass index or waist circumference. Results: 648 participants had NAFLD. In the fully adjusted modified Poisson regression model, the risk ratios per interquartile range of each exposure were moderate-intensity aerobic activity, 1.10 (95% CI, 0.97–1.26); vigorous-intensity aerobic activity, 0.72 (0.63–0.82); muscle-strengthening activity, 0.89 (0.80–1.01); and television viewing, 1.20 (1.10–1.32). Relative to less active participants with higher levels of television viewing, those who participated in ≥2 h/week of both vigorous-intensity aerobic and muscle-strengthening activity and <7 h/week of television viewing had 65% lower risk of NAFLD (risk ratio = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.23–0.51). Conclusion: Adults who follow public health recommendations for vigorous-aerobic and muscle-strengthening activity, as well as minimize television viewing, are considerably less likely to have NAFLD than those who do not follow the recommendations and who have relatively high levels of television viewing.
Willingness-to-pay and benefit–cost analysis of chemical peels for acne treatment in china

Background: There have been few studies on economic evaluation of acne treatments. Chemical peel (CP), a treatment approach primarily aimed at removing acne hyperpigmentation and scar-ring, is gradually accepted in the Chinese market. Objectives: This study aimed to detect willingness-to-pay (WTP) and to conduct a benefit–cost analysis for CP treatment among Chinese acne patients. Materials and methods: The costs were obtained from the patient’s perspective and compared with benefits. The net benefits were approximated by WTP, using the contingent valuation method. A glycolic acid peel served as the demonstrated example. WTP and related information were inquired via an online questionnaire among the Chinese population. Factors for WTP were identified using generalized linear models. The benefit–cost ratio (BCR) was calculated. Discounting was not considered for both WTP and costs. Results: The response rate of the survey was 95.4% among the 476 anonymous participants. The average cost for three-time CP treatment was USD 383.4. Statistically significant differences in WTP among the cases were identified. The mean WTP for Case 1, Case 2, and Case 3 was USD 234.6, 222.0, and 401.7, respectively. A statistically significant association between WTP and self-reported acne severity was observed for all cases after adjustments for demographic characteristics ( P , 0.01). The Cardiff Acne Disability Index was positively associated with WTP. The BCRs were 0.61, 0.58, and 1.4 for Case 1, Case 2, and Case 3, respectively. Conclusion: Patients with acne in China are willing to pay for acne treatment. Although the benefits of CP treatment have not generally outweighed their aggregated costs, WTP for CP treatment was positively associated with self-reported acne severity and desirable efficacy of treatment. Individualized acne treatments are recommended to target a specific population in the Chinese market.
USING ACCELEROMETERS AS A METHOD FOR IMPROVING COMPLIANCE WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF OBESITY IN CHILDREN

Material and methods. The prospective study involved 44 obese children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 who were registered with the Pediatric Nephrology Department at the Medical University of Bialystok, Poland. Participants had to wear a device for at least 12 hours per day for 56 consecutive days. Anthropometric measurements were made at the beginning of the study and after eight weeks of physical activity monitoring. Results. The presented study results far exceeded the recommended amount of the average physical activity energy expenditure of young patients in the first two weeks. In the following weeks, the amount of daily energy expenditure gradually diminished, but finally, the average BMI Z-score was reduced from 2.80±0.64 at baseline to 2.48±0.27 at the end of the study ( p <0.0147). Conclusions. The study demonstrates that tracking of physical activity may be an essential factor to improve compliance with physical activity recommendations.
A Shared-Aperture Antenna With High-Aperture Reuse Efficiency and High Isolation Based on the Quasi-Yagi Structure

This article presents a shared-aperture antenna that covers the UHF-, S-, and C-bands. It comprises a folded dipole antenna (FDA) that operates in the UHF-band and a dual-polarized planar bowtie antenna (PBA) covering the S-/C-band. The lower band (LB) and higher band (HB) antennas serve as the reflector and director for each other, respectively, which results in an aperture reuse efficiency of 100%. Both antennas are very compact in size and exhibit unidirectional radiation patterns. The shadowing effects of the HB antenna are rigorously analyzed through the quasi-Yagi scenario. A general guideline for reducing the shadowing effects is strictly deduced and verified. To improve the isolation between the LB and HB antennas, the two antennas are incorporated with low-pass and band-stop filtering responses, respectively. The proposed shared-aperture antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 0.77–1.06 and 2.2–6.6 GHz, with an isolation greater than 30 dB. Additionally, the two polarization ports of the HB antenna have an isolation of greater than 20 dB in the S-/C-bands. The presented design is compact, broadband, and efficient, which is potentially useful for airborne platform.
Hemoadsorption Using CytoSorb® in Patients with Infective Endocarditis: A German-Based Budget Impact Analysis

A considerable number of infective endocarditis (IE) patients require cardiac surgery with an increased risk for postoperative sepsis. Intraoperative hemoadsorption may diminish the risk of postoperative hyperinflammation with potential economic implications for intensive care unit (ICU) occupation. The present study aimed to theoretically investigate the budget impact of a reduced length of ICU stay in IE patients treated with intraoperative hemoadsorption in the German healthcare system. Data on ICU occupation were extrapolated from a retrospective study on IE patients treated with hemoadsorption. An Excel-based budget impact model was developed to simulate the patient course over the ICU stay. A base-case scenario without therapy reimbursement and a scenario with full therapy reimbursement were explored. The annual eligible German IE patient population was derived from official German Diagnostic-Related Group (DRG) volume data. One-way deterministic sensitivity analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to evaluate the uncertainty over the model results. The use of intraoperative hemoadsorption resulted in EUR 2298 being saved per patient in the base-case scenario without therapy reimbursement. The savings increased to EUR 3804 per patient in the case of full device-specific reimbursement. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of savings, with a probability of savings of 87% and 99% in the base-case and full reimbursement scenario, respectively. Intraoperative hemoadsorption in IE patients might have relevant economic benefits related to reduced ICU stays, resulting in improved resource use. Further evaluations in larger prospective cohorts are warranted.
TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS AND INTENTIONS ABOUT INTEGRATING COMPUTATIONAL THINKING INTO SCIENCE INSTRUCTION

This study explored teachers' perceptions of integrating computational thinking in South African science classrooms using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This research adopted a combination of informal discussions and closed and open-ended questions to elicit responses from fifty science teachers in an education circuit in Johannesburg, South Africa, via a google form. Responses from the open-ended questions and informal discussions were analysed using content analysis, and data from the structured questions were analysed using correlation analysis. It was found that teachers demonstrated a positive perception towards the integration of CT in their science classrooms but lacked appropriate technological knowledge and technological pedagogical to teach the concepts of CT in science lessons, affecting their CT teaching efficacy beliefs. The findings of the study revealed a strong positive correlation between teachers' interest in CT and behavioural intention (r = 0.539), perceived ease of use of CT with behavioural intention (r = 0.543), perceived usefulness of CT with behavioural intention (r = 0.599), and a moderate positive correlation between teachers' attitude and behavioural intention (r = 0.312). However, there was no statistically significant relationship between teachers' self-efficacy and behavioural intention. Based on these findings, it is recommended that teachers engage in practical training programs that will provide them with the pedagogical experience needed to develop their self-confidence in using CT concepts and practices to teach science. Besides that, teacher education programs need to introduce students to the knowledge of CT and provide learning experiences that can promote the development of teachers' interest, knowledge and efficacy in using CT to teach science content.
Utilizing 2D materials in liquid crystal–based electro-optic devices: A perspective

The alignment agent plays a crucial role in the electro-optical characteristics of an electro-optic liquid crystal (LC) device. Conventionally, rubbed polyimide (PI) layers have been utilized as alignment agents in LC devices. However, these organic PI layers are sensitive to UV rays and high temperatures. The rubbing procedure involved in preparing PI layers also introduces drawbacks, including non-uniform brightness due to uneven rubbing mechanisms and the presence of residual fiber dust. In our recent research, we demonstrated that various hexagonal 2D (inorganic) materials, such as monolayer graphene, monolayer tungsten diselenide (WSe2), and monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets, can effectively serve as planar-alignment agents in electro-optic LC devices. In this Perspective, we review the rubbing-free LC alignment process, which relies on the coherent overlay of the benzene rings of LC molecules on the hexagonal lattice structure of 2D materials. We review our recent results on LC devices utilizing 2D materials as alignment agents, highlighting their potential advantages. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges associated with this research field. Finally, we provide our perspectives on the future directions and opportunities for advancing this area of study, aiming to overcome challenges and extend the benefits of employing 2D materials as planar-alignment agents in electro-optic LC devices.
Grasp Detection Combining Self-Attention with CNN in Complex Scenes

In this paper, we present a novel approach that subtly combines the transformer with grasping CNN to achieve more optimal grasps in complex real-life situations. The approach comprises two unique designs that effectively improve grasp precision in complex scenes. The first essential design uses self-attention mechanisms to capture contextual information from RGB images, boosting contrast between key object features and their surroundings. We precisely adjust internal parameters to balance accuracy and computing costs. The second crucial design involves building a feature fusion bridge that processes all one-dimensional sequence features at once to create an intuitive visual perception for the detection stage, ensuring a seamless combination of the transformer block and CNN. These designs eliminate noise features in complex backgrounds and emphasize graspable object features, providing valuable semantic data to the subsequent grasping CNN to achieve appropriate grasping. We evaluated the approach on the Cornell and VMRD datasets. According to the experimental results, our method achieves better performance than the original grasping CNN in single-object and multi-object scenarios, exhibiting 97.7% and 72.2% accuracy on the Cornell and VMRD grasp datasets using RGB, respectively.
Effects of a Single Session of OnabotulinumtoxinA Therapy on Sleep Quality and Psychological Measures: Preliminary Findings in a Population of Chronic Migraineurs

Chronic migraine is a burdensome condition, and onabotulinumtoxinA is revealed to be an effective therapy. Migraine shows a bidirectional relationship with sleep, but the effects of preventive therapies on sleep quality are poorly studied. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a single session of onabotulinumtoxinA on patients’ sleep quality and correlates the results with measures of comorbid anxiety/depression. Patients completed self-administrable questionnaires about sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index—PSQI) and psychological symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition—BDI-II—and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—HADS—subscales “a” and “d” for anxiety and depression, respectively), and reported migraine frequency at baseline and after 12 weeks. The 42 included patients showed a significant reduction in migraine days (from 20.6 ± 6.0 to 13.6 ± 6.2, p < 0.001), while no changes were observed in sleep quality (PSQI score from 11.0 ± 5.0 to 9.8 ± 4.6, p = 0.277) or psychological measures (BDI-II from 16.7 ± 10.2 to 15.7 ± 10.3, p = 0.678; HADS-a from 10.3 ± 4.8 to 9.3 ± 5.5, p = 0.492; and HADS-d from 7.2 ± 3.9 to 7.1 ± 5.0, p = 0.901). On the other hand, a strong correlation among PSQI, BDI-II, HADS-a, and HADS-d scores (p < 0.001, rho > 0.7) was found. Despite its efficacy in migraine prevention, a single session of onabotulinumtoxinA was not able to affect patients’ sleep quality or their psychological symptoms.
Preliminary Estimation of Nutritional Quality of the Meat, Liver, and Fat of the Indigenous Yakutian Cattle Based on Their Fatty Acid Profiles

The Yakutian cattle is an indigenous Siberian cattle breed living in an extremely cold climate in some parts of Yakutia. There are only a few thousand animals of this breed, and the conservation of the Yakutian cattle is embedded in the international agenda. We studied the fatty acid profiles in the meat, liver, and fat of the Yakutian cattle (five individuals) of different ages and their main food resource–pasture plants. The fatty acid profile of the tissues of the Yakutian cattle differed from that of pasture plants: 16:0, 18:2n–6, and 18:3n–3 dominated in the pasture plants; 16:0, 18:0, 18:1n–9, 18:2n–6, 20:4n–6, 20:5n–3, and 22:5n–3 dominated in the meat and liver; and 16:0, 18:0, and 18:1n–9 dominated in the fat. The fatty acid composition of food products is related to the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). The meat and liver of the Yakutian cattle are health food products that contribute to decreasing the risk of developing CVD because of their rather high content of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic fatty acids, optimal n–6/n–3 and polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids ratios, low values of indexes of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity, and high values of hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic and health-promoting indexes. The results of the present study support the importance of preserving this valuable cattle breed. Actions should be taken to increase their population while retaining their contemporary housing and feeding conditions.
Finding the Optimal Exercise Dose While Living With Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Qualitative Study.

PURPOSE To gain insight into how survivors of breast cancer (SBCs) with cancer-related fatigue (CRF) self-monitor and manage exercise dose in the context of daily life, and how they identify an optimal exercise dose. PARTICIPANTS & SETTING 11 SBCs with CRF who reported weekly exercise were recruited from a breast cancer center at a large urban hospital in the northeastern region of the United States. METHODOLOGIC APPROACH One-on-one semistructured interviews were conducted using a descriptive phenomenologic method. Inductive data analysis was performed within and across cases. FINDINGS The following themes emerged: examining the impact of exercise, finding an optimal dose, and remaining flexible to sustain exercise. Participants used trial and error to explore exercise dose, examining the effects of varying doses on daily life. These effects had behavioral implications and resulted in a nonlinear process and the perception that an optimal exercise dose is dynamic within the context of daily life. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Strategies to support SBCs with CRF to efficiently achieve optimal exercise doses with fewer setbacks may improve individuals' ability to self-manage and mitigate CRF. This study's findings provide practical approaches for nurses to encourage the initiation and adoption of exercise behaviors after treatment for breast cancer.
Personality Prediction Based on Contextual Feature Embedding SBERT

Personality prediction defines an individual's interior self and provides an overview of their behavioral characteristics. Individuals can develop personally and professionally with its aid. Since its inception, the MBTI has become one of the most valuable instruments available due to its widespread application in a variety of fields. Typically, psychologists use questionnaires or conduct interviews with subjects to make predictions. However, because it is only a question-and-answer session, it is prone to error. In this paper, an implicit model is suggested in order to optimize the process using machine learning. The primary objective of this paper is to use sentence transformers to discern the context of user-written social media posts in order to automate the process. In our proposed work, various text pre-processing techniques, such as data cleansing, stopword removal, and data balancing techniques such as random oversampling, are utilized. The context of the text posts is determined using Sentence-BERT (SBERT), a pre-trained model created especially for sentence-level embeddings. Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and a variety of machine learning techniques, such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Random Forest (RF) Classifier, it is possible to predict people's personalities based on text. SBERT combined with the Random Forest Classifier performs outstandingly to predict the MBTI personality.
Aspects Influencing Personal Life and Health Insurance Purchase

The study aims to identify the factors that influence the purchase decision of life & health insurance in Indonesia and determine how those factors influence. The method used in this study is qualitative method with semi-structured interviews. A total of 17 respondents were interviewed from insurance customers, non-insurance customers, and insurance agents in Bandung City. The result of this study indicates that demographic factors such as income level, assets, educational background, financial dependency, and health status directly influence life & health insurance purchase decisions. Insurance product benefits, price, trust in insurance companies, trust in insurance agents, and perceived value insurance were found to influence life & health purchase decisions too directly. Additionally, multiple factors were found to influence insurance trust. These factors include the insurance company brand, selling practices used by insurance agents, perceived service quality of insurance, and insurance literacy. Furthermore, insurance perceived value was also influenced by other factors such as insurance literacy, culture, and environment. Above all aspects, the insurance agents have direct control over the selling practices, service quality, and insurance literacy that someone experience. This study also proved that insurance agents were responsible for the insurance industry’s bad reputation in Indonesia. This result will equip insurance agents to know their customers better and adjust their selling practices to suit potential customers. Insurance agents are also strictly prohibited from mis-selling insurance products.
Foraminiferal characterisation and taxonomy of Oligocene-Miocene Congo Fan deep sea sub-environments, offshore Angola.

The Congo Fan has been accumulating sediment since the mid-Oligocene, and is of particular interest to the oil industry due to abundant large reservoirs contained within the meandering sandy palaeochannels from largely Miocene and Oligocene deposits. The high sedimentation rates and rich benthic foraminiferal faunas also provide an interesting record of Miocene and Oligocene palaeoceanographic change in the southeast Atlantic, a stratigraphic time interval that has had no recovery from proximal ODP and DSDP Sites. Three oil wells spanning the Upper Oligocene to Middle Miocene from the distal part of the Congo Fan (Block 31, approximately 2000 m water depth) are studied for both benthic and planktonic foraminifera using ditch cutting samples at 10 m spacing. In addition to assemblage data, 8,80 and 813C measurements have been obtained from Cibicidoides spp. for the Miocene which, along with several planktonic foraminiferal datums, provides a relatively well-constrained age model. The Oligocene sections are dominated by agglutinated benthic foraminifera and the age model is less accurate. A full taxonomy has been carried out on all foraminifera encountered, with over 150 agglutinated, 80 calcareous benthic, and 27 planktonic species described and pictured. A number of sedimentological environments contain characteristic faunas. Channel deposits are either barren or contain current-sorted calcareous specimens, levee deposits have higher abundances of transported calcareous specimens and are affected by hydrodynamic sorting, overbank deposits are dominated by high diversity in situ agglutinated faunas. Oligocene sediments from the Congo Fan consist almost entirely of agglutinated foraminifera due to deposition below a locally raised CCD. A level of decreased diversity and increased abundance (the 'Scherochorellcf event) in the intra-Upper Oligocene records a probable expansion of the oxygen minimum zone associated with polar cooling. During the Early Miocene a gradual and persistent increase in the percentage of calcareous foraminifera is mirrored by increasing benthic 813C, suggesting reduced bottom-water acidification and a lowering of the CCD. A dramatic shift in the shallow infaunal morphogroup (-16 Ma) indicates lower oxygen and a second episode of oxygen minimum zone expansion, which is coincident with cooling in this location and adds evidence for raised colder bottom waters. Global cooling at this time was probably responsible for increasing the strength of the polar front, and in turn strengthening offshore winds affecting an increase in upwelling and surface water productivity.