Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mass screening for coeliac disease using antihuman transglutaminase antibody assay

Aims: To determine coeliac disease prevalence by an anti-transglutaminase antibody assay in a large paediatric population; to evaluate acceptance of the screening programme, dietary compliance, and long term health effects. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of 3188 schoolchildren (aged 6–12) and prospective follow up of diagnosed cases. Main outcome measures were: prevalence of coeliac disease defined by intestinal biopsy or positivity to both human tissue transglutaminase and anti-endomysium antibodies in HLA DQ2-8 positive subjects; percentage of children whose families accepted screening; dietary compliance as defined by negativity for anti-transglutaminase antibodies; and presence of clinical or laboratory abnormalities at 24 month follow up. Results: The families of 3188/3665 children gave their consent (87%). Thirty biopsy proven coeliacs were identified (prevalence 1:106). Three other children testing positive for both coeliac related autoantibodies and HLA DQ2-8 but refusing biopsy were considered as having coeliac disease (prevalence 1:96). Of 33 cases, 12 had coeliac related symptoms. The 30 biopsy proven coeliacs followed a gluten-free diet. Of 28 subjects completing 18–24 months follow up, 20 (71.4%) were negative for anti-transglutaminase antibodies, while eight were slightly positive; symptoms resolved in all 12 symptomatic children. Conclusions: Prevalence of coeliac disease is high in Italian schoolchildren. Two thirds of cases were asymptomatic. Acceptance of the programme was good, as was dietary compliance. Given the high prevalence and possible complications of untreated coeliac disease, the availability of a valid screening method, and evidence of willingness to comply with dietary treatment population mass screening deserves careful consideration.
Iterative interference alignment for cellular systems with user selection

An iterative interference alignment algorithm for cellular systems with multiple signaling dimensions is introduced. The main invention is that we combine iterative interference alignment with user selection, which naturally increases the system sum rate by exploiting the multiuser diversity. Extensive simulations show significant gains over single cell processing and joint/coherent transmit schemes, also with partial channel state information.
Implementation of whole-hand manipulation capability in the UB hand system design

This paper presents the latest development steps of the UB Hand, an integrated system for whole-hand manipulation that is going into its final experimentation phase. After a resume of the motivations to the development of such a system and a review of its design features, a description of the current state is given, together with a discussion of the main problems found in the implementation phase. Present experimental activity is then briefly described and some hints on future developments are finally presented.
Mutational analysis of the high‐affinity BvgA binding site in the fha promoter of Bordetella pertussis

In order to define a consensus binding sequence for the response regulator BvgA, we have undertaken a systematic analysis of contributions made by each nucleotide within the heptad half‐sites that are present in an inverted orientation at the promoter for the fha operon. Using in vitro binding assays, we examined the full complement of 21 single point mutations symmetrically arranged in this heptad repeat. Both gel shift and nitrocellulose filter‐binding assays provided evidence that nucleotides at positions 3 (thymidine), 4 (cytosine) and 7 (adenine) in the binding heptad contribute substantially to sequence‐specific recognition by BvgA. Furthermore, a T to A conversion at position 6 reduced binding. Selected binding site mutations were introduced into a modified fha promoter and examined for their effects on BvgA activation of promoter activity in vivo. Only those substitutions most severely affecting binding in vitro affected promoter activity in vivo. The in vivo effects of substitutions that had a significant effect on binding in vitro but did not severely affect in vivo promoter activity under standard culture conditions could be detected in vivo either in combination with additional substitutions or from their effect on the sensitivity of the mutant promoters to modulation by magnesium sulphate.
Getting the Crime Rate Down: Political Pressure and Crime Reporting

AUTHORS' NOTE: This article is a revision of a paper prepared for delivery at the 1972 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Washington, D.C., September 5-9, 1972. The original paper was prepared while we were at the Brookings Institution, and we gratefully acknowledge the Institution's support. However, the views expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be taken to represent the views of the Brookings Institution, or necessarily to represent the views of any person associated with the Institution.
Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Is a Myelin Signal that Modulates the Caliber of Myelinated Axons

Myelination increases neuronal conduction velocity through its insulating properties and an unidentified extrinsic effect that increases axonal caliber. Although it is well established that demyelination can cause axonal atrophy, the myelin molecule that regulates axonal caliber is not known. Loss of the structural proteins of compact peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelin, P0protein, and myelin basic protein does not lead to axonal atrophy. This study demonstrates that mice with a null mutation of the myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) gene have a chronic atrophy of myelinated PNS axons that results in paranodal myelin tomaculi and axonal degeneration. Absence of MAG was correlated with reduced axonal calibers, decreased neurofilament spacing, and reduced neurofilament phosphorylation. Because axonal atrophy and degeneration in MAG-deficient mice occur in the absence of inflammation, hypomyelination, significant demyelination–remyelination, or gain of function mutations, these data support a functional role for MAG in modulating the maturation and viability of myelinated axons.
A basic study on chip size determination of MOSFETs to minimize total power loss

Chip area of power semiconductor devices is one of the key parameters to realize highly-efficient converters. In the case of MOSFETs, a larger chip area results in lower on-state resistance. However, switching loss and gate drive loss may become dominant due to increase in parasitic capacitances when the chip area is too large. Thus, the chip area must be determined adequately considering given operating conditions and characteristics of the devices. In this paper, relationship between the chip area and loss reduction effect in three different types of MOSFETs, that is, silicon MOSFETs, silicon-carbide MOSFETs, and super-junction MOSFETs, is investigated experimentally. From the results, it is clarified that each MOSFET has the optimum points of the chip area for the loss reduction depending on the switching frequency and current. A determination criterion of the optimum chip area is discussed on the basis of the theoretical calculation of the losses.
Audiovisual quality estimation for mobile streaming services

3G mobile terminals supporting audio and video streaming services became reality although the perceptual quality for such low bit rates is limited. To select optimal codec parameters for audio and video, it is important to consider corresponding quality requirements based on human perception. The intention of this paper is to estimate perceptual audiovisual quality for low bit rate videos. We performed subjective perceptual experiments for audio, video and audiovisual quality for music and speech video contents. These experiments were carried out for different audio and video codecs supported by today's mobile terminals. Furthermore, we study the simultaneous influence of music and speech quality on subjective perceptual video quality and mutually compensation effect that occurs in this context. Finally, we propose audiovisual metric for an automated quality estimation.
Como o capital social do empreendedor pode influenciar o processo de criação de uma empresa tecnológica

El uso del concepto de capital social en el ámbito empresarial, así como en la administración, es cada vez mayor. En el espíritu empresarial, dos grandes perspectivas de capital social se utilizan: el capital social individual y el capital social del grupo. En este artículo se utiliza la primera perspectiva conceptual. Su objetivo es analizar como el capital social individual de un empresario puede colaborar en el proceso de la creación de una empresa, y a partir de este análisis, formular propuestas que podrían marcar la investigación empírica sobre el tema. Dieciséis propuestas son formuladas y presentadas. Éstas, se agrupan en cinco grupos fundamentales para el proceso de la creación de una empresa de base tecnológica: 1) la identificación de oportunidades de negocio, 2) el acceso a recursos financieros, 3) el aprendizaje de las nuevas tecnologías, 4) legitimación de la nueva empresa y 5) el trabajo en equipo y asociaciones.
An Event and Rule-Driven Immune Clustering Routing Algorithm of Wireless Sensor Network with Mobile Sink

An event and rule-driven immune clustering routing algorithm of wireless sensor network with mobile sink (MSERDICR) is designed to reduce the energy consumption of the wireless sensor network for the unexpected events detection, and solve the problem of unbalanced energy consumption. In the MSERDICR algorithm, we employ a working mechanism inspired by the biological immune system to the dynamic clustering algorithm. In the proposed algorithm, the network is divided into several virtual grids. After building clusters according to certain immune mapping rules, we adjust the position of the sink node through the controllable mobile strategy -- remaining energy scan (e-Scan). The strategy can save the energy consumption in some extent. The influences of three parameters, the moving range of the sink node, the size of the grid and the minimum energy standard of the grid, on the performance of the MSERDICR algorithm are analyzed in detail via several simulations. Comparing with MSEERP, GAP and TTDD algorithms, the analysis results show that, MSERDICR has the best performance when the moving range of the sink node is one lap around the event, the side length of the grids is 10, and the minimum energy standard of the grids is 65% of the average energy inside the grid. The lifetime of MSERDICR algorithm is superior to any other of them.
Parenting Transgender Children in PFLAG

ABSTRACT Parents of transgender children (N = 14) recounted four ways in which their parenting experiences were more difficult and isolating than those of other parents of a national GLBT support organization: the physical changes their children undergo, the lack of media representations of transgender lives, the effect of their child's gender transition on their identity as a parent, and the tensions involved in their child's successful transition in public settings. Parental isolation may be alleviated, however, by recognizing four unrecognized similarities shared among parents of GLBT children: adjusting to changes in their child's appearance, the process of grief and mourning, the tendency to hierarchically rank parental difficulties, and fears of being a bad parent. The isolation faced by parents of transgender children is imposed not only by antitrans prejudice and lack of information, but also by the unacknowledged and undiscussed ways in which a child's gender transition affects parental gender identities.
A Novel Protocol for IP Traceback to Detect DDoS Attack

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks continue to pose higher threats to the internet. There are so many protocols designed to trace the attacker‟s address. We want to trace back attack source (i.e., “IP addresses”), we need to examine the tradeoff between different existing IP Trace back techniques. We developed a Novel protocol to trace the IP address of DDoS attack. The novel protocol is designed by using response 1, Nonce of secure- neighbor as the parameters. We developed a sample network model. We simulate the network model by applying secure-neighbor protocol in Qualnet. Through secureneighbor, we retrieve the basic parameter value (Response 1, Nonce) and apply the decryption function on Nonce and value of neighbor-timeout to find the attackers IP address. We studied different internet topologies and aspect of DDoS attacks, used internet power low for the simulation of the internet.
Applying Precision Medicine to Trial Design Using Physiology. Extracorporeal CO2 Removal for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

&NA; In clinical trials of therapies for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the average treatment effect in the study population may be attenuated because individual patient responses vary widely. This inflates sample size requirements and increases the cost and difficulty of conducting successful clinical trials. One solution is to enrich the study population with patients most likely to benefit, based on predicted patient response to treatment (predictive enrichment). In this perspective, we apply the precision medicine paradigm to the emerging use of extracorporeal CO2 removal (ECCO2R) for ultraprotective ventilation in ARDS. ECCO2R enables reductions in tidal volume and driving pressure, key determinants of ventilator‐induced lung injury. Using basic physiological concepts, we demonstrate that dead space and static compliance determine the effect of ECCO2R on driving pressure and mechanical power. This framework might enable prediction of individual treatment responses to ECCO2R. Enriching clinical trials by selectively enrolling patients with a significant predicted treatment response can increase treatment effect size and statistical power more efficiently than conventional enrichment strategies that restrict enrollment according to the baseline risk of death. To support this claim, we simulated the predicted effect of ECCO2R on driving pressure and mortality in a preexisting cohort of patients with ARDS. Our computations suggest that restricting enrollment to patients in whom ECCO2R allows driving pressure to be decreased by 5 cm H2O or more can reduce sample size requirement by more than 50% without increasing the total number of patients to be screened. We discuss potential implications for trial design based on this framework.
The epidemiology of malignant giant cell tumors of bone: an analysis of data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (1975–2004)

Malignant giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a rare tumor with debilitating consequences. Patients with GCT of bone typically present with mechanical difficulty and pain as a result of bone destruction and are at an increased risk for fracture. Because of its unusual occurrence, little is known about the epidemiology of malignant GCT of bone. This report offers the first reliable population-based estimates of incidence, patient demographics, treatment course and survival for malignancy in GCT of bone in the United States. Using data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program, we estimated the overall incidence and determinants of survival among patients diagnosed with malignant GCT of bone from 1975–2004. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate demographic and clinical determinants of survival among malignant GCT cases. Based on analyses of 117 malignant GCT cases, the estimated annual incidence in the United States was 1.6 per 10,000,000 persons per year. Incidence was highest among adults aged 20 to 44 years (2.4 per 10,000,000 per year) and most patients were diagnosed with localized (31.6%) or regional (29.9%) disease compared to distant disease (16.2%). Approximately 85% of patients survived at least 5 years, with survival poorest among older patients and those with evidence of distant metastases at time of diagnosis. The current study represents the largest systematic investigation examining the occurrence and distribution of malignancy in GCT of bone in the general U.S. population. We confirm its rare occurrence and suggest that age and stage at diagnosis are strongly associated with long-term survival.
Evaluation of biofilm production by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa isolates recovered from cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis patients

Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients typically suffer of persistent and recurrent lung infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa that many times possess ability for the biofilm production. Here, biofilm production among P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from sputum of CF and non-CF patients was evaluated. Most isolates were biofilm-producing independently of the patient’s condition.
Epithelial cell shape: cadherins and small GTPases.

Cadherins are cell-cell adhesion receptors that are essential for the establishment of the epithelial cell shape and maintenance of the differentiated epithelial phenotype. In order to show efficient adhesion, cadherin receptors require an association with actin filaments and the activity of RHO proteins. The RHO family of small GTPases is primarily involved in the reorganization of the cytoskeleton. In different cell types, each member of the family can induce specific types of organization of actin filaments: stress fibers (Rho), lamellae/ruffles (Rac), or filopodia (Cdc42). This review focuses on how the function of small GTPases may impinge on the regulation of cadherin-dependent adhesion. In particular, it discusses the impact that the above cytoskeletal structures induced by RHO proteins have on the development of epithelial morphology. Finally, the participation of small GTPase-interacting proteins is considered during the remodeling of cell shape that follows cell-cell contact formation.
Integrating Unstructured Data into Relational Databases

In this paper we present a system for automatically integrating unstructured text into a multi-relational database using state-of-the-art statistical models for structure extraction and matching. We show how to extend current highperforming models, Conditional Random Fields and their semi-markov counterparts, to effectively exploit a variety of recognition clues available in a database of entities, thereby significantly reducing the dependence on manually labeled training data. Our system is designed to load unstructured records into columns spread across multiple tables in the database while resolving the relationship of the extracted text with existing column values, and preserving the cardinality and link constraints of the database. We show how to combine the inference algorithms of statistical models with the database imposed constraints for optimal data integration.
e-government applications in Bangladesh: status and challenges

This paper explores public sector initiatives for developing e-government applications, specifically the supply-side perspective in Bangladesh. This study extracts the development activities from public websites and e-services for citizens and businesses. The study is based on the literature review and major website investigation to explore e-services provided government organizations in Bangladesh. Though lack of proper infrastructure and digital divide are the known major causes behind the failures of e-service implementation, the study reveals that e-government applications have been growing in Bangladesh. The prospects include mobile phone based e-service development, and public private partnership (PPP), while the challenges are frequent power interruption, lack of techno-savvy people in public organizations to look after the systems, etc. The increased number of e-services shows the progress of the country. The paper also contributes to identifying the success factors of e-services as well as factors accountable for unsatisfactory results in deploying e-services in Bangladesh. It is expected that the study would help the planners and policy-makers of the country to address the challenges for future development of e-government applications in Bangladesh.
I'd Do Anything for Research, But I Won't Do That: Interest in Pharmacological Interventions in Older Adults Enrolled in a Longitudinal Aging Study

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) ranks as the 6th leading cause of death in the United States, yet unlike other diseases in this category, there are no disease-modifying medications for AD. Currently there is significant interest in exploring the benefits of pharmacological treatment before the onset of dementia (e.g., in those with mild cognitive impairment); however, recruitment for such studies is challenging. The current study examined interest in pharmacological intervention trials relative to other types of clinical interventions. A total of 67 non-demented older adults enrolled in a longitudinal cognitive aging study completed a questionnaire assessing interest in participating in a variety of hypothetical research study designs. Consistent with past research, results showed that the opportunities for participants to advance science, receive feedback about their current health, and help themselves or others, were associated with increased interest in clinical trial participation. Some factors were not associated with change in interest (e.g., a doctor not recommending participation) while others were associated with decreased interest (e.g., having to come in for multiple visits each week). Relative to other types of interventions, pharmacological intervention trials were associated with the least interest in participation, despite pharmacological interventions being rated as more likely to result in AD treatment. Decreased interest was not predicted by subjective memory concerns, number of current medications, cardiovascular risk, or beliefs about the likely success of pharmacological treatments. These results highlight the challenges faced by researchers investigating pharmacological treatments in non-demented older individuals, and suggest future research could contribute to more effective ways of recruiting participants in AD-related clinical trials.
Engrailed and Hox homeodomain proteins contain a related Pbx interaction motif that recognizes a common structure present in Pbx.

Hox gene products have the ability to interact with either extradenticle or pbx gene products to bind cooperatively to DNA. The region in Hox proteins that is required for this interaction is located N‐terminal of the homeodomain and contains a highly conserved hexapeptide. We now show that the engrailed gene products also contain a Pbx interaction motif positioned within a previously conserved region, the EH2 domain. The EH2 domain is located N‐terminal of the homeodomain. Two tryptophan residues present in the Drosophila and murine Engrailed EH2 domain are required for cooperativity with extradenticle and Pbx, respectively. A second conserved domain, EH3, is required as well for cooperativity with Pbx, since deletions or an insertion in this region reduce cooperative DNA binding. Peptides containing the Pbx interaction motif of either Engrailed or Hox are capable of destabilizing Engrailed‐Pbx and Hox‐Pbx cooperative DNA binding. These data indicate that the Pbx interaction motifs present in Hox and engrailed gene products recognize a common structure present in the Pbx family of homeodomain proteins.