Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Labor Market

A text that aims to analyze the use of assistive technology as an important resource for inclusion worthy of People with Disabilities - PwD, within the scope of the labor market. Therefore, the exploratory descriptive research method is used, with the objective of analyzing and identifying the difficulties that people with disabilities face, elucidating about the assistive technological tool in maximizing its functions and reflecting on situations that involve these people, in the context of the labor market and in society. The problem to be addressed deals with the behavioral and architectural barriers faced by the PwD, which hinder their insertion in the labor market. Finally, this article intends to demonstrate that Assistive Technology is the resource that can enable PwD to have a decent access to the job market, because, as Brazil is a Democratic State, social and fundamental rights must be within their reach, so that have the same opportunities as others, guaranteeing the exercise of their rights.
A One-Sector Model with Learning-by-doing, Investment, Leisure, and Optimal Growth

A one-sector model of endogenous growth based on the accumulation of real capital by saving/investing and accumulation of human capital via learning-by-doing is presented. Experience is measured by means of production output aggregated over time. Explicitly separating learning and real capital accumulation allows for an independent control of the learning process via working time. Though based on a simple one-sector model, accumulation of both types of capital is endogenously determined and a simultaneous dynamic optimisation of leisure/working time and of consumption/saving is executed. Transitional dynamics are derived and numerical simulations performed.
Interatomic repulsion softness directly controls the fragility of supercooled metallic melts

Significance Bulk metallic glasses are the most promising materials in many technological applications thanks to their mechanical properties. The stability and thermoelasticity of supercooled liquid metals is encoded in the temperature dependence of the viscosity at the glass transition: the fragility. Although with colloidal glasses it has been possible to explain the fragility in terms of the softness (or its inverse, the steepness) of the microscopic interparticle potential, the same could not be done with metals due to the complex interatomic interaction. Here we solve this problem and propose a new methodology which provides the missing analytical link between fragility and interatomic potential in metals. Our results show that the same scenario found earlier with colloidal glasses applies to metals too. We present an analytic scheme to connect the fragility and viscoelasticity of metallic glasses to the effective ion–ion interaction in the metal. This is achieved by an approximation of the short-range repulsive part of the interaction, combined with nonaffine lattice dynamics to obtain analytical expressions for the shear modulus, viscosity, and fragility in terms of the ion–ion interaction. By fitting the theoretical model to experimental data, we are able to link the steepness of the interionic repulsion to the Thomas–Fermi screened Coulomb repulsion and to the Born–Mayer valence electron overlap repulsion for various alloys. The result is a simple closed-form expression for the fragility of the supercooled liquid metal in terms of few crucial atomic-scale interaction and anharmonicity parameters. In particular, a linear relationship is found between the fragility and the energy scales of both the screened Coulomb and the electron overlap repulsions. This relationship opens up opportunities to fabricate alloys with tailored thermoelasticity and fragility by rationally tuning the chemical composition of the alloy according to general principles. The analysis presented here brings a new way of looking at the link between the outer shell electronic structure of metals and metalloids and the viscoelasticity and fragility thereof.
Effect of chronic resistive loading on hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness.

Depression of ventilation mediated by endogenous opioids has been observed acutely after resistive airway loading. We evaluated the effects of chronically increased airway resistance on hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness shortly after load imposition and 6 wk later. A circumferential tracheal band was placed in 200-g rats, tripling tracheal resistance. Sham surgery was performed in controls. Ventilation and the ventilatory response to hypoxia were measured by using barometric plethysmography at 2 days and 6 wk postsurgery in unanesthetized rats during exposure to room air and to 12% O2-5% CO2-balance N2. Trials were performed with and without naloxone (1 mg/kg i.p.). Room air arterial blood gases demonstrated hypercapnia with normoxia in obstructed rats at 2 days and 6 wk postsurgery. During hypoxia, a 30-Torr fall in PO2 occurred with no change in PCO2. Hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness was suppressed in obstructed rats at 2 days postloading. Naloxone partially reversed this suppression. However, hypoxic responsiveness at 6 wk was not different from control levels. Naloxone had a small effect on ventilatory pattern at this time with no overall effect on hypoxic responsiveness. This was in contrast to previously demonstrated long-term suppression of CO2 sensitivity in this model, which was partially reversible by naloxone only during the immediate period after load imposition. Endogenous opioids apparently modulate ventilatory control acutely after load imposition. Their effect wanes with time despite persistence of depressed CO2 sensitivity.
Augmentation of Eosinophil Degranulation and Ltc 4 Secretion by Integrin-mediated Endothelial Cell Adhesion Isolation of Peripheral Blood Eosinophils

mentation of eosinophil degranulation and LTC 4 secretion by integrin-mediated endothelial cell adhesion. Am. examined the effect of eosinophil ligation to cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in augmenting the stimulated secretion of leukotriene (LT) C 4 and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO). The effects of adhesion were compared before and after specific blockade with monoclonal antibodies directed against eosinophil surface integrins or endothelial counterligands. Adhesion to HUVECs augmented EPO release caused by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine plus cytochalasin B from 403 Ϯ 15.3 (BSA control) to 778 Ϯ 225 ng/10 6 cells for eosinophils exposed to interleukin-1␣-treated HUVECs (P Ͻ 0.05) and also caused a twofold increase in stimulated LTC 4 secretion (P Ͻ 0.05). To determine whether augmented secretion resulted directly from adhesive ligation, studies were also performed with paraformaldehyde-treated HUVECs; stimulated secretion of LTC 4 from eosinophils was comparable to that for living HUVECs. Our study is the first demonstration that adhesion to HUVECs through ligation to ␣ 4-or ␤ 2-integrin on the eosinophil surface causes augmentation of stimulated secretion of both EPO and LTC 4 and that blockade of adhesion molecules on either eosinophils or HUVECs prevents the priming effect on eosinophil secretion. eosinophils; adhesion molecules; leukotriene C 4 ; eosinophil peroxidase EOSINOPHIL MIGRATION to the conducting airways is associated with increased bronchoreactivity in human asthma. This process is regulated by the sequential binding of adhesion molecules on both the capillary endothelium in the conducting airways [e.g., intercellu-lar adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)] and the eosinophil cell surface (11, 16, 23, 24). Prior investigations have shown that selective blockade of either endothelial surface adhesion molecules (7, 8) or integrins on the eosinophil cell surface (7) prevents migration of eosinophils into the conducting airways. Circulating eosinophils, even in atopic asthmatic subjects, are relatively quiescent before transmigration and do not secrete substantial quantities of bronchoac-tive eicosanoids or granular proteins (27). Because eosinophil transmigration (8, 11, 16, 23, 24) and adhesion begins at the endothelial surface, this study was undertaken to determine whether adhesive ligation of very late antigen-4 (VLA-4), a ␤ 1-integrin, and/or ␤ 2-integrin with the homologous endothelial surface coun-terligands that occurs in the first stage of inflammatory diapedesis and transmigration caused priming of stimulated eosinophil secretion. We thus hypothesized that eosinophil binding to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) would cause augmented secretion of both leukotriene (LT) C 4 and granular protein in stimulated human eosinophils. …
Enhanced methods of coursework provision in computer networks

Many computing-related programmes and modules have many problems caused with large class sizes, large-scale plagiarism, module franchising, and an increasing requirement from students for increased amounts of hands-on, practical work. This paper presents a practical computer networks module which uses a mixture of on-line examinations and a practical skills-based test to assess student performance. Many academics have observed a strong link between examination and coursework performance, where academically strong students generally work hard for both examinations and courseworks. This paper shows that it is possible to design hand-on practicals which have a strong correlation between performance in practical skills-based tests and in examination-type assessments. The paper shows results which grades students for two on-line, multiple choice tests, and then analyses the average time these students take to complete a practical on-line test It shows that, on average, the average time taken to complete the test increases for weaker students. Along with this the paper shows that female students in the practical test out-perform male students by a factor of 25%.
A Non-Definitive Guide to the IMF

The recent book by James R. Vreeland, The International Monetary Fund: Politics of Conditional Lending, is meant to provide â€œa definitive guide to the organizationâ€ . This review article argues that it falls well short of this ambitious aim. It is already somewhat dated. It is almost entirely about IMF lending, largely neglecting surveillance, arguably the Fundâ€™s most important activity. And although it provides a useful survey of the literature, its critique of IMF lending is based on interpretations of the empirical evidence and arguments of some IMF critics many of which are questionable. The book also suffers from various confusions and misunderstandings. It is therefore an unreliable guide to the organization.
Girls Make Media

Introduction: Producing Girls I. Contexts 1. Delightful Employment: Girls' Cultural Production Prior to the Late Twentieth Century II. Sites 2. Brought to You by Girl Power: Riot Grrrl's Networked Media Economy 3. Girls' Media Education: Critical Viewing or Control of the Image? III. Texts 4. Grrrl Zines: Exploring Identitiy, Transforming Girls' Written Culture 5. Developing the Girl's Gaze: Female Youth and Film Production 6. Cybergurls: Female Youth, Digital Fluencies, and Web Design
Robust data gathering for wireless sensor networks

In this paper we propose a data gathering model for wireless sensor networks that provides a reasonable tradeoff between robustness and efficiency, with special regard to energy saving. We design a routing algorithm that exploits implicit acknowledgment of reception and smart caching of the data to implement an efficient strategy for retransmission of lost packets and alternative path discovery; in order to do that, we build upon the general framework presented in recent works, that provided a formulation of duplicate and order insensitive aggregation functions, taking advantage of some intrinsic characteristics of the wireless sensor networks. The advantages of the proposed approach become more evident when one parts from an ideal scenario in which all nodes have available data to transmit in favor of a more practical one in which data originates from only a subset of all sensors. In this practical case, the approach provides a better usage of the resources and a minimization of the traffic in the network, and, as a consequence, of the overall consumed energy.
Industrial relations and uneven development: a comparative study of the American and British steel industries

American steel has a history of bloody conflicts of which the Homestead strike is perhaps the best known. Yet the origins of both systems lie in wrought iron industries in which techniques of production were identical and the industrial structure similarly fragmented, product markets were highly competitive and the sub-contracting system used to organise production. This paper traces the divergent development of industrial relations from this common starting point. The critical phase for the development of the US and British industrial structures was the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Important differences between the two countries can be found in growth and pattern in demand, in the application and development of new processes and techniques and in the structure of control of pro duction. These elements combined to produce the difference in the industrial structure and provide important clues to the divergent developments of labour organisation and industrial relations. The paper begins with a brief analysis of the interaction between production methods, technical change, the growth and structure of demand and their influence on the structure of the labour market. Having outlined these connections the paper focusses on the emergence and development of collective bargaining, stressing the importance of the factors discussed in the first section in moulding these arrangements. No attempt is made to analyse such important influences as differences in the role of the State, the ethnic composition of the labour force and other social and political phenomenon (see Holt, 1977). The omission is made partly because such a broad discussion is beyond the scope of the paper and partly because in our view such variables are contributory rather than decisive: the central factors influencing the relations between capitalists and their workers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century iron and steel industry in the US and Britain were the techniques of production, the
Curved space optimization for allocation of SVC in a large power system

This paper investigates the ability of a new heuristic optimization method known as Curved Space Optimization (CSO) to deal with optimal placement of Static Var Compensators (SVCs) in a large power system based on its primary function, where the optimization is made on two parameters: its location and size. The primary function of a SVC is to improve transmission system voltage, thereby enhancing the maximum power transfer limit. To validate the results obtained by CSO, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm is applied. The results show CSO finds the optimal solution in finding the location and size of SVC.
Image Mining by Data Compactness and Manifold Learning

One important issue in image mining is how to analyze the compactness of image data and apply it to image mining. In this paper we study the class compactness and boundary compactness of image data, which are used in image classification and data confining. The data confining results in relevance graph, which is used in calculating the distances between images. Manifold learning techniques are applied in the computation of distances between images and manifolds of images. Image retrieval is based on these distances. Experiments are reported to show the effectiveness of our approach.
The role of poor rural families economic situation in the decision-making process concerning migration : A field study conducted in Kebumen Regency, Java, Indonesia

The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the dynamic and complex decision-making process that households with temporary overseas migrating family members do before migrating. The aim of this thesis is to understand why this phenomenon occurs in less developed areas, though the background of the thesis is trying to address the need of positive relationship between migration and development.Based on the theorectical benchmark of neoclassical microeconomic theory and new economics of labour migration theory certain factors were identified that could influence the decision to migrate. By using a mixed method with qualitative semi-structed face-to-face interviews combined with a survey of nine question relating to specific factors this study was able to create an understanding of the reality of migrant households, though a micro field study was conducted in Kebumen regency in Indonesia. The findings clearly shows that temporary overseas migration from less developed areas is a household decision that is influenced by local gender aspects and addressed by new well-functioning established markets for overseas work. Our findings also suggests that temporary migration is a way for the family to spread their risks, related to income and farming activites, and to achive further development, where other markets and institutions do not meet their needs. Policies regarding these gender aspects and the need of institutions that could improve the situation are recommended though remittances in that case might have a more long-term sustainable impact on the households.
Newton Gregory Formulae for Modeling Biomechanical Systems

This paper shows how Average value based approach and Newton Gregory Formulae can be used in a successful way to model the locomotion of human knee joint. A Novel modeling technique based on Average Value algorithm has been developed for a healthy human knee joint locomotion. The developed mathematical model will become a guide line for the design of drive mechanism having similar motion. The requirements of this approach are a set of reading from the real time system. In this paper we considered subjects performing gait on normal floor. The knee joint locomotion is modeled from the data acquired by means of calculating the base value and the variational components. The entire procedure is achieved through the video picture of the locomotion captured by single or multiple cameras with proper resolution. The results obtained from the proposed model and actual results of locomotion of human knee joint were giving close results.
Detailed Investigation of the Self-Aggregation of Convection in Cloud-Resolving Simulations

AbstractIn models of radiative–convective equilibrium it is known that convection can spontaneously aggregate into one single localized moist region if the domain is large enough. The large changes in the mean climate state and radiative fluxes accompanying this self-aggregation raise questions as to what simulations at lower resolutions with parameterized convection, in similar homogeneous geometries, should be expected to produce to be considered successful in mimicking a cloud-resolving model.The authors investigate this self-aggregation in a nonrotating, three-dimensional cloud-resolving model on a square domain without large-scale forcing. It is found that self-aggregation is sensitive not only to the domain size, but also to the horizontal resolution. With horizontally homogeneous initial conditions, convective aggregation only occurs on domains larger than about 200km and with resolutions coarser than about 2km in the model examined. The system exhibits hysteresis, so that with aggregated initial c.
Moral Hazard and Other-Regarding Preferences

This chapter aims at obtaining new theoretical insights by combining the standard moral hazard models of principal-agent relationships with theories of other-regarding preferences, in particular inequity aversion theory. The principal is in general worse off, as the agent cares more about the wellbeing of the principal. When there are multiple symmetric agents who care about each other’s wellbeing, the principal can optimally exploit their other-regarding nature by designing an appropriate interdependent contract such as a “fair” team contract or a relative performance contract. The approach taken in this chapter can shed light on issues on endogenous preferences within organizations.
Selective Attention to Task-Irrelevant Emotional Distractors Is Unaffected by the Perceptual Load Associated with a Foreground Task

A number of studies have shown that emotionally arousing stimuli are preferentially processed in the human brain. Whether or not this preference persists under increased perceptual load associated with a task at hand remains an open question. Here we manipulated two possible determinants of the attentional selection process, perceptual load associated with a foreground task and the emotional valence of concurrently presented task-irrelevant distractors. As a direct measure of sustained attentional resource allocation in early visual cortex we used steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) elicited by distinct flicker frequencies of task and distractor stimuli. Subjects either performed a detection (low load) or discrimination (high load) task at a centrally presented symbol stream that flickered at 8.6 Hz while task-irrelevant neutral or unpleasant pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) flickered at a frequency of 12 Hz in the background of the stream. As reflected in target detection rates and SSVEP amplitudes to both task and distractor stimuli, unpleasant relative to neutral background pictures more strongly withdrew processing resources from the foreground task. Importantly, this finding was unaffected by the factor ‘load’ which turned out to be a weak modulator of attentional processing in human visual cortex.
The Impact of Multi-Players Serious Games on the Social Interaction among Online Students versus Face-to-Face Students

There are few attempts in the education field that investigate the use of serious games as an instructional tool. In this paper, collaborative virtual environment (CVE) will be used to build up multi-players serious games (MPSGs) platform to investigate how MPSGs promotes social interaction among students. Furthermore, we extend our analysis to how significantly MPSGs affects online students' social interaction as opposed to social interaction among face-to-face students. A MPSG platform called The Village of Belknap was developed in Second Life for our experimental analysis. Then, statistical analysis using ANOVA has been to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach. We obtained promising results about how MPSGs may affect the social interaction among various groups of students.
Morphological Feature Extraction Based Image Processing System For Agricultural Plant Disease Detection And Diagnosis

Leaf spots can be indicative of crop diseases, where leaf batches (spots) are usually examined and subjected to expert opinion. In our proposed system, we are going to develop an integrated image processing system to help automated inspection of these leaf batches and helps identify the disease type. Conventional Expert systems mainly those which used to diagnose the disease in agriculture domain depends only on textual input. Abnormalities for a given crop are manifested as symptoms on various plant parts. To enable an expert system to produce correct results, end user must be capable of mapping what they see in a form of abnormal symptoms to answer to questions asked by that expert system. This mapping may be inconsistent if a full understanding of the abnormalities does not exist. The proposed system consists of four stages; the first is the enhancement, which includes HSI transformation followed by histogram analysis, and intensity adjustment. Second stage is segmentation stage, which includes adaptation of fuzzy c-means algorithm. Feature extraction is the third stage, which deals with three features, namely color size and shape of spot. The fourth stage is classification, which comprises back propagation based neural networks.