Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unconformity-bounded seismic reflection sequences define Grenville-age rift system and foreland basins beneath the Phanerozoic in Ohio

Interpretation of reprocessed Ohio Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling (COCORP) OH-1 seismic reflection profiles indicates four structurally complex Precambrian unconformity-bounded stratigraphic sequences that clarify the relative timing of formation of the Fort Wayne Rift and East Continent Rift System with respect to the Grenville orogeny. Petrographic examination of sparse deep well samples in the region indicates or suggests sedimentary lithologies beneath the Paleozoic sedimentary cover. Other seismic profiles in the region, some with excellent well control, support our proposed model. A generalized model for the latter part of the Grenville orogeny suggests polyphase sedimentation and deformation with multiple episodes of crustal extension and compression. We propose the following events for Ohio and the surrounding region: (1) a major regional unconformity developed on the Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province and accreted Grenville terranes; (2) western Ohio became the site of extensive fault-bounded rift basins, beginning with the Fort Wayne Rift and extending into west-central Ohio as the East Continent Rift System; (3) westward-advancing thrust sheets followed with deposition of sediments into newly developed basins; (4) continued Grenville thrusting created foreland basins in a westward progression; and (5) a long period of Neoproterozoic to Middle Cambrian erosion removed much of the foreland basin sedimentary sequences prior to Paleozoic deposition. Erosion in the Ohio region did not remove the large volume of rock as in Canada north of Georgian Bay. Other seismic lines in the region suggest that Grenville-age sedimentary basins are preserved beneath the Phanerozoic from Georgian Bay southward. These new findings demonstrate the importance of using fault- and unconformity-bounded seismic sequences to enhance and clarify the relative timing of Proterozoic events in regions where Paleozoic sedimentary cover exists and core samples are sparse or lacking.
A Framework for Human-Algorithm Teaming in Biometric Identity Workflows

Biometric identity workflows are made up of multiple subsystems which can be automated to varying degrees using computer algorithms. Setting the appropriate level of automation for each subsystem is crucial for optimal system performance, which relies on synergistic human-algorithm teams. In this work, we leverage an automation design framework from prior research to define levels of automation for each biometric subsystem. This framework aligns a four-stage model of human processing with equivalent system functions. We propose applying this framework as a method to determine the appropriate allocation of tasks between humans and algorithms within a biometric identity workflow. While previous work has focused on the role of the human in the comparison and decision subsystems, we emphasize the need to consider the full biometric system in determining the role of humans in biometric identity workflows.
Factorial Structure and Psychometric Validation of Social Media Intelligence Quotient (SMIQ) Scales among Graduates

The Social Media Intelligence Quotient (SMIQ)'s underlying factorial structure will be extracted, and validated, and its psychometric properties will be examined in this study. Self-administered questionnaires from the universities that produce the most employable graduates in Malaysia, such as Universiti Malaya, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, and Universiti Teknologi Mara, were utilized by the researcher to gather the data. It involved 352 final-year students from the Faculty of Business Management. To ascertain the factorial structure of the SMIQ, the researcher used the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Additionally, the confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of each item to confirm and validate it. A structural model was also developed to measure the nomological validity between social media dependency and SMIQ. It revealed that SMIQ is second order with three factorial structure constructs and met the psychometric criteria. Thus, the findings have essential implications for future research directions and the management of social media skills.
Suicide and self-harm prediction based on social media data using machine learning algorithms

Online social networking (SN) data is a context and time rich data stream that has showed potential for predicting suicidal ideation and behaviour. Despite the obvious benefits of this digital media, predictive modelling of acute suicidal ideation (SI) remains underdeveloped at now. In combined with robust machine learning algorithms, social networking data may provide a potential path ahead. Researchers applied a machine learning models to a previously published Instagram dataset of youths. Using predictors that reflect language use and activity inside this social networking, researchers compared the performance of the out-of-sample, cross-validated model to that of earlier efforts and used a model explanation to further investigate relative predictor relevance and subject-level phenomenology. The application of ensemble learning approaches to SN data for the prediction of acute SI may reduce the complications and modelling issues associated with acute SI at these time scales. Future research is required on bigger, more diversified populations to refine digital biomarkers and assess their external validity with more rigor
Effects of Materialism on Adolescents’ Prosocial and Aggressive Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Empathy

Materialism plays a critical role in adolescent behavioral development, yet whether it affects prosocial and aggressive behaviors and the internal mechanism remains unknown. Therefore, this longitudinal research examined the relationships between adolescent materialism and prosocial and aggressive behaviors, and tested the mediating effect of empathy. In 2015, we recruited 543 adolescents from four junior high schools in Beijing, China (284 girls, 259 boys; M = 11.27 years, SD = 0.51). The participants completed the measures of materialism and demographic information at the initial time point, completed the measure of empathy about one year later, and completed the measures of prosocial and aggressive behaviors after about another year. The hypotheses were tested using a structural model using maximum likelihood estimation. The mediating effects were estimated by taking 1000 bias-corrected bootstraps. The results revealed that materialism was associated with aggressive behavior directly and positively, but had no significant correlation with prosocial behavior. Materialism had an indirect and negative correlation with prosocial behavior via empathy, while no indirect effect of materialism on aggressive behavior was found. The findings add to our knowledge of the dehumanizing nature of materialism by revealing its effect on adolescent behavioral development, as well as the underlying mechanism.
Development in Electric Vehicle Intention and Adoption: Integrating the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and Religiosity

Environmental sustainability has become an urgent problem that cannot be avoided and ignored. The transportation sector is the main cause of greenhouse gas emissions. Many suggest electric vehicles (EVs) as a mechanism for reducing environmental degradation since EVs release less greenhouse gas as compared to combustion cars. However, the sales of EVs in Malaysia are still low compared to the achievements recorded by the neighboring countries. Despite being the earliest to promote electric vehicles, in the first quarter of 2023, Malaysia has only represented 2.4% of the EV market in Southeast Asia. It seems that the success rate in promoting environmental conservation through the adoption of EVs is still minimal. For this reason, the existing study seeks to explore factors related to EV behavioral intention and adoption by using the extended UTAUT (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition, perceived value/cost, hedonic motive, and habit). The proposed study believes that environmental protection and sustainability must be related to individuals’ values and principles which could have been shaped based on religiosity. Therefore, in addition to the extended UTAUT that views EV intention and adoption from the technical and personal perspective, this study proposes religiosity as a predecessor in determining EV intention and adoption. The use of extended UTAUT and religiosity in the model will clarify the extent to which the influence of technical factors, personal factors and religiosity is determining the intention and adoption of EVs.
Implementation of Good Governance in the Marine and Fisheries Service Office of North Sumatra

The problem studied in this study is, how the implementation of the principles of good governance in The Marine and Fisheries Service Office of North Sumatra with a study focus on three specific indicators, namely Transparency, Law Enforcement, and Accountability, this the researcher chose the symptoms that appear in the three These indicators are based on the results of initial observations. The main instrument used in this research is interviews with a number of informants who are considered to have the capacity to address the issues that are the focus of this study. Data processing and analysis techniques are carried out in stages: data reduction, data display, and data verification or drawing conclusions. The research results show that the three indicators are as follows: 1). In the transparency indicator so far the achievements have been relatively good, because the district always tries to provide the necessary information and data to the public or people who need it; 2) on the indicator of law enforcement as a reflection of good governance so far the achievements have been relatively good although not yet optimal, especially in terms of increasing employee discipline which is still experiencing maximum improvement specifically in terms of activity in the office; 3) the accountability indicators so far have been going quite well, the thing that is of particular concern to this indicator is the timeliness in compiling and submitting accountability reports from employees to the leadership which sometimes still experience delays.
NOIR: Neural Signal Operated Intelligent Robots for Everyday Activities

We present Neural Signal Operated Intelligent Robots (NOIR), a general-purpose, intelligent brain-robot interface system that enables humans to command robots to perform everyday activities through brain signals. Through this interface, humans communicate their intended objects of interest and actions to the robots using electroencephalography (EEG). Our novel system demonstrates success in an expansive array of 20 challenging, everyday household activities, including cooking, cleaning, personal care, and entertainment. The effectiveness of the system is improved by its synergistic integration of robot learning algorithms, allowing for NOIR to adapt to individual users and predict their intentions. Our work enhances the way humans interact with robots, replacing traditional channels of interaction with direct, neural communication. Project website: https://noir-corl.github. io/.
Rethinking Human Factors Methodologies: User Needs & Applied Domain Characteristics

Technologies and systems have become more complex with the advancement of modern digitalization. Human factors practitioners and researchers face challenges in designing products for everyday activities and complex domains. Learning one human factors methodology at a time is the most common approach, and finding complementary methodologies is sometimes difficult. In this paper, we summarize achievements needed in human factors research in three categories: motivation-related needs, task-related needs, and applied domain assumptions and characteristics. Some common methodologies are discussed, and we briefly introduce how to implement them in general resilient and cyber-resilient systems.
Breast Cancer and Bone Mineral Density in a U.S. Cohort of Middle-Aged Women: Associations with Phosphate Toxicity

Simple Summary Phosphate toxicity, the accumulation of toxic levels of phosphate in the body, is associated with tumor growth and bone mineral abnormalities. Based on shared associations with phosphate toxicity, the hypothesis of the present study proposes that breast cancer is associated with bone mineral abnormalities in middle-aged women from the U.S. Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. The results of the present mixed methods–grounded theory study confirmed that women self-reporting breast cancer had a greater magnitude of changes in bone mineral density over time compared with women who remained cancer-free. These findings have implications for phosphate toxicity as a potential cause of bone metastasis in metastatic breast cancer, and future studies should investigate a low-phosphate diet to reduce tumorigenesis and bone mineral abnormalities in breast cancer patients. Abstract Breast cancer is associated with phosphate toxicity, the toxic effect from dysregulated phosphate metabolism that can stimulate tumorigenesis. Phosphate toxicity and dysregulated phosphate metabolism are also associated with bone mineral abnormalities, including excessive bone mineral loss and deposition. Based on shared associations with dysregulated phosphate metabolism and phosphate toxicity, a hypothesis proposed in the present mixed methods–grounded theory study posits that middle-aged women with incidence of breast cancer had a greater magnitude of changes in bone mineral density over time compared with women who remained cancer-free. To test this hypothesis, a mixed-effects model was used to analyze the associations of breast cancer incidence with spinal bone mineral density changes in the U.S. Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. Compared with women in the cohort who remained cancer-free, women who self-reported breast cancer had higher bone mineral density at baseline, but had more rapid losses in bone mineral density during follow-up visits. These findings agree with the hypothesis that a greater magnitude of changes in bone mineral density over time is associated with breast cancer in a cohort of middle-aged women. The findings also have implications for studies investigating dysregulated phosphate metabolism and phosphate toxicity as causative factors of bone metastasis in metastatic breast cancer. Additionally, the authors previously found increased breast cancer risk associated with high dietary phosphate intake in the same cohort of middle-aged women, and more studies should investigate a low-phosphorus diet to reduce bone mineral abnormalities and tumorigenesis in breast cancer patients.
Collaboration between Linked Open Data of Museum Information and Regional Information

In recent years, a lot of data is published as Linked Open Data (LOD) around the world. LOD is a standardized data format that makes public data and enables data interoperability in a particular field and also beyond different fields. Yokohama LOD project has a LOD dataset of regional information such as the data of facilities and events related to arts in Yokohama, and LODAC Museum project tries to construct a LOD dataset of museum collection in Japan. In this research, a web application, “Yokohama Art Spot”, is developed using these LOD datasets of regional information and museum information, and it shows facilities and events related to arts in the city of Yokohama. In this paper, we discussed what is enabled by this application with the collaboration of two different LOD.
Validation and data characteristics of nitrous oxide and methane profiles observed by the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) and processed with the Version 5.20 algorithm

[1] Vertical profiles of nitrous oxide and methane at high latitudes (57–72°N; 64–89°S) were observed by the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) solar occultation sensor aboard Advanced Earth Observing Satellite. These measurements were made continuously from November 1996 through June 1997 with some additional periods in September–October 1996. A validation study of the nitrous oxide and methane data processed with the Version 5.20 ILAS retrieval algorithm is presented in this paper. Comparisons are made with (1) nitrous oxide and methane obtained by the ILAS validation balloon campaigns at Kiruna, Sweden, and at Fairbanks, Alaska, in the Arctic; (2) nitrous oxide and methane by the Photochemistry of Ozone Loss in the Arctic Region in Summer aircraft campaign in the Arctic; (3) nitrous oxide by the ground-based spectroscopic measurements and by the aircraft-based remote sensing measurements in the Arctic; and (4) methane by satellite measurements of the Version 19 Halogen Occultation Experiment in the Arctic and Antarctic. Comparisons of ILAS nitrous oxide and methane with Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite Reference Atmosphere data are also made. The results of the comparisons and additional ILAS internal consistency analyses are as follows: (1) the uncertainty of ILAS nitrous oxide is better than 10% over 10–30 km in altitude, and is larger than 50% over 30–40 km, which is comparable to the expected total errors of the ILAS measurements; (2) the uncertainty of ILAS methane is better than 10% over 10–50 km, except for 15–30 km in winter with positive biases exceeding 20%, which is smaller than or comparable to the expected total errors of the ILAS measurements (the quality of ILAS methane in the polar lower stratosphere is better in summer than in winter). In summary, the characteristics of ILAS measurements, i.e., high sampling frequency in polar latitudes with high vertical resolution, along with the good quality of ILAS Version 5.20 nitrous oxide for 10–40 km and the good quality of ILAS Version 5.20 methane for 10–50 km except for 15–30 km in winter, make the ILAS nitrous oxide and methane data set valuable for scientific study of various polar stratospheric phenomena.
Use of the Microsoft Kinect system to characterize balance ability during balance training

: The risk of falling increases significantly in the elderly because of deterioration of the neural musculature regulatory mechanisms. Several studies have investigated methods of prevent-ing falling using real-time systems to evaluate balance; however, it is difficult to monitor the results of such characterizations in real time. Herein, we describe the use of Microsoft’s Kinect depth sensor system to evaluate balance in real time. Six healthy male adults (25.5 ± 1.8 years, 173.9 ± 6.4 cm, 71.4 ± 6.5 kg, and 23.6 ± 2.4 kg/m 2 ), with normal balance abilities and with no musculoskeletal disorders, were selected to participate in the experiment. Movements of the participants were induced by controlling the base plane of the balance training equipment in various directions. The dynamic motion of the subjects was measured using two Kinect depth sensor systems and a three-dimensional motion capture system with eight infrared cameras. The two systems yielded similar results for changes in the center of body mass ( P . 0.05) with a large Pearson’s correlation coefficient of γ . 0.60. The results for the two systems showed similarity in the mean lower-limb joint angle with flexion–extension movements, and these values were highly correlated (hip joint: within approximately 4.6 ° ; knee joint: within approximately 8.4 ° ) (0.40 , γ , 0.74) ( P . 0.05). Large differences with a low correlation were, however, observed for the lower-limb joint angle in relation to abduction–adduction and internal–external rotation motion ( γ , 0.40) ( P , 0.05). These findings show that clinical and dynamic accuracy can be achieved using the Kinect system in balance training by measuring changes in the center of body mass and flexion–extension movements of the lower limbs, but not abduction–adduction and internal–external rotation.
The Seasonal Effects of ENSO on European Precipitation: Observational Analysis

AbstractAn analysis and characterization of seasonal changes in the atmospheric teleconnection between ENSO and western European precipitation, as well as atmospheric conditions over the North Atlantic and Europe, are presented. Significant ENSO-associated changes in precipitation are evident during the boreal spring and fall seasons, marginal during boreal summer, and absent during boreal winter. The spring and fall precipitation anomalies are accompanied by statistically significant ENSO-related changes in large-scale fields over the North Atlantic and Europe. These seasonal teleconnections appear to be mediated by changes in upper tropospheric conditions along the coast of Europe that project down to the lower troposphere and produce onshore or offshore moisture flux anomalies, depending on the season. Some ENSO-related changes in storm activity are also evident during fall and winter. Analyses during boreal winter reveal little effect of coincident ENSO conditions on either European precipitation or u.
Climatic oscillations at the onset of the Mesozoic inferred from palynological records from the North Indian Margin

The beginning of the Mesozoic, the Early Triassic, is characterized by several ecological perturbations following the end-Permian mass extinction. They are reflected in multiple C-isotope excursions coupled with climatic changes. Here we present palynological data from two accurately dated sections from the North Indian Margin (Pakistan and South Tibet). The climate of the Early Triassic was controlled by persistent monsoon circulation. The spore/pollen ratios, used as a proxy for humidity changes, indicate several significant climatic changes coinciding with C-isotope excursions. Comparison with published climate model simulations reveals that the climatic shifts were induced by orbital forcing and probably represent eccentricity cycles. Humidity peaks indicate an insolation forced shift of the intertropical convergence zone towards the North Indian Margin. Comparison with palynological data from Norway and other proxies reveal that the profound climatic change from humid to drier climate across the Smithian–Spathian boundary represents a global event, which affected southern and northern mid-latitudes and coincided with major ammonoid and conodont extinction events. This implies that increased greenhouse gas concentrations owing to recurring volcanic pulses increased the climate system sensitivity, resulting in climatic changes in distant parts of the world. Our data strongly support a link between C-isotope excursions, climatic changes and biotic responses.
The Effectiveness of Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccination: A Preliminary Report

Vaccination has been a game-changer in the long battle against COVID-19. However, waning vaccine-induced immunity and the immune evasion of emerging variants create challenges. The rapid-fire development of bivalent vaccines (BVs), comprising ancestral strains and a new variant, was authorized to prevent COVID-19, but the effectiveness of the updated vaccines remains largely unclear. Electronic databases were searched to investigate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of BVs in humans. As of March 2023, 20 trials were identified. Compared with monovalent vaccination, the induced immunogenicity against ancestral strains was similar. The BVs demonstrated approximately 33–50% higher immunogenicity values against additional variant strains. An observational cohort study showed the additional clinical effectiveness of the BVs. The adverse events were similar. In conclusion, our systematic review found that the BVs had equal immunogenicity against ancestral strains without safety concerns. Approximately 33–50% increased additional antibody titers and clinical effectiveness against additional variant strains were observed in subjects with a BV vaccine with moderate heterogeneity, especially for BA.1-containing BVs.