Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonspecific low back pain in sedentary workers: A narrative review

A sedentary lifestyle is a risk factor, significantly increasing the incidence of low back pain (LBP). Higher levels of sedentary lifestyle were witnessed in the workers who spent the greatest amount of their time in sitting positions in the workplace and during free time. The incidence and prevalence of low back pain in sedentary workers were 14-37% and 34-62%. Noticeably, the people with low back pain had higher productivity loss. It specifies more research is required to help individuals with back pain to stay in their work. The main intention of this study briefly reviews the risk factors, associated adaptations, and Interventions in physical therapy for preventing and managing nonspecific low back pain in sedentary workers. To do this review, Information was gathered from the offline library resources and online electronic search databases (Scopus, COCHRANE, PUBMED). The keywords used were low back pain, sedentary workers, risk factors, adaptations, exercise therapy, and sedentary lifestyle. The prognosis and management of low back pain were greatly influenced by several risk factors related to physical, psychological, and occupational factors. During the transition of low back pain from acute to chronic stages, adaptations in various domains like psychological, behavioral, and neuromuscular changes are seen. Exercise therapy itself or in addition to other therapeutic approaches is successful in preventing and treatment of nonspecific low back pain in sedentary workforces. By identifying associated risk factors, and changes adapted by individual patients, Therapists can design proper exercise therapeutic approaches that will provide more effective interventions.
for “3D Clothed Human Reconstruction in the Wild”

Our ClothWild has additional strength that the reconstructed results can be modified easily for other pose, shape, gender, and cloth style. In our framework, the pose, shape, gender, and clothes are disentangled by predicting their latent codes separately. Thus, we can edit the predicted latent codes as we want and forward them into the 3D cloth and human models (i.e., SMPLicit [3] and SMPL [9]) of our framework. Fig. S1 shows an example of controlling a reconstructed 3D clothed human in three different categories. First, we can animate the reconstruction result by editing pose parameters represented by 3D rotations of human body joints (red part of the figure). Second, by modifying the shape and gender, we can change the naked human body of the reconstructed 3D clothed human (blue part of the figure). Third, clothes are represented by cloth existence scores and cloth latent codes of our framework, and we can change clothes by applying different cloth existence scores and cloth latent codes of other clothed humans (green part of the figure).
ON THE P-LAPLACE OPERATOR ON RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS

This thesis covers different aspects of the p-Laplace operators on Riemannian manifolds. Chapter 2. Potential theoretic aspects: the Khasmkinskii condition. Chapter 3: sharp eigenvalue estimates with Ricci curvature lower bounds. Chapter 4: Critical sets of (2-)harmonic functions.
Ravenel's algebraic extensions of the sphere spectrum do not exist

In this paper we prove a topological nonrealizability theorem: certain classes of graded $BP_*$-modules are shown to never occur as the $BP$-homology of a spectrum. Many of these $BP_*$-modules admit the structure of $BP_*BP$-comodules, meaning that their topological nonrealizability does not follow from earlier results like Landweber's filtration theorem. As a consequence we solve Ravenel's 1983 problem on the existence of "algebraic extensions of the sphere spectrum": algebraic extensions of the sphere spectrum do not exist, except in trivial cases.
Inhibitory Effects of Selected Medicinal Plants on Bacterial Growth of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious threat to global public health due to its capacity of tolerate conventional antibiotics. Medicinal plants are traditionally used to treat infectious diseases caused by bacterial pathogens. In the present study, 16 medicinal plants were screened for antibacterial activities to preselect more effective species. Ethanol extracts of selected medicinal plants (Caesalpinia sappan L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Sanguisorba officinalis L., and Uncaria gambir Roxb) were partitioned successively with different solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, 1-butanol, and water). Disc diffusion assay and broth microdilution were performed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of plant extracts and fractions against Staphylococcus aureus strains. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the extracts and fractions was determined against the human hepatoma (HepG2) and human lung carcinoma (A549) cell lines using a trypan blue exclusion method. A few extracts and fractions showed significant inhibitory effects on the bacterial growth of all tested strains, including multidrug-resistance (MDR) clinical isolates. The ethyl acetate fraction of C. sappan had the most potent effects with minimum inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC) of 31.2/62.5 μg/mL and showed low cytotoxicity with over 90% cell viability in both cells. Our results suggest that medicinal plants have considerable potential as alternatives to conventional antibiotics.
Identities between dimer partition functions on different surfaces

Given a weighted graph G embedded in a non-orientable surface Σ, one can consider the corresponding weighted graph G˜ embedded in the so-called orientation cover Σ˜ of Σ. We prove identities relating twisted partition functions of the dimer model on these two graphs. When Σ is the Möbius strip or the Klein bottle, then Σ˜ is the cylinder or the torus, respectively, and under some natural assumptions, these identities imply relations between the genuine dimer partition functions Z(G) and Z(G˜). For example, we show that if G is a locally but not globally bipartite graph embedded in the Möbius strip, then Z(G˜) is equal to the square of Z(G). This extends results for the square lattice previously obtained by various authors.
Transcriptome and Phenotype Integrated Analysis Identifies Genes Controlling Ginsenoside Rb1 Biosynthesis and Reveals Their Interactions in the Process in Panax ginseng

Genes are the keys to deciphering the molecular mechanism underlying a biological trait and designing approaches desirable for plant genetic improvement. Ginseng is an important medicinal herb in which ginsenosides have been shown to be the major bioactive component; however, only a few genes involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis have been cloned through orthologue analysis. Here, we report the identification of 21 genes controlling Rb1 biosynthesis by stepwise ginseng transcriptome and Rb1 content integrated analysis. We first identified the candidate genes for Rb1 biosynthesis by integrated analysis of genes with the trait from four aspects, including gene transcript differential expression between highest- and lowest-Rb1 content cultivars, gene transcript expression–Rb1 content correlation, and biological impacts of gene mutations on Rb1 content, followed by the gene transcript co-expression network. Twenty-two candidate genes were identified, of which 21 were functionally validated for Rb1 biosynthesis by gene regulation, genetic transformation, and mutation analysis. These genes were strongly correlated in expression with the previously cloned genes encoding key enzymes for Rb1 biosynthesis. Based on the correlations, a pathway for Rb1 biosynthesis was deduced to indicate the roles of the genes in Rb1 biosynthesis. Moreover, the genes formed a strong co-expression network with the previously cloned Rb1 biosynthesis genes, and the variation in the network was associated with the variation in the Rb1 content. These results indicate that Rb1 biosynthesis is a process of correlative interactions among Rb1 biosynthesis genes. Therefore, this study provides new knowledge, 21 new genes, and 96 biomarkers for Rb1 biosynthesis useful for enhanced research and breeding in ginseng.
The Effect of Diets Containing High-Moisture Corn or Triticale Grain on Animal Performance and the Fatty Acid Composition of Lamb Muscles

Simple Summary The growing demand for functional foods has increased consumer interest in lamb and hogget. These types of meat deliver considerable health benefits; they are easily digestible, nutritious, and have desirable sensory attributes. In Poland, lamb meat is expensive due to high production costs and a high supply of lambs of wool breeds that are not suitable for fattening due to a slow growth rate. In view of the ongoing search for effective methods of producing high-quality lamb, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of diets containing high-moisture corn and triticale, as cheap grain feed, on nutrient digestibility and utilization, fattening performance, and the content of fatty acids in meat, and to investigate the rationale behind increasing the inclusion rate of cereal grain in finishing diets for lambs of a dual-purpose breed. Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diets with different inclusion levels of high-moisture corn (HMC) and triticale grain (TG) on nutrient digestibility and utilization, the growth performance of lambs, and the fatty acid profile of the leg muscle. The experiment was performed on 24 young rams, divided into four groups based on grain type and inclusion rate (50% or 75% DM). The higher inclusion rate of cereal grain and a lower concentration of crude fiber (CF) in the feed ration decreased CF digestibility by 26% and 35% in diets containing HMC and TG, respectively. Diets containing HMC increased crude fat digestibility relative to animals receiving TG. Final body weight and average daily gain were highest in lambs fed a diet containing 50% HMC. Grain type had no effect on nitrogen (N) retention or the proportions of SFA and UFA in lamb meat. Diets containing HMC decreased total cholesterol levels in the leg muscle. HMC can be a valuable component of diets for growing lambs when included at up to 50% of the ration. An increase in the dietary inclusion rate of cereal grain to 75% can be recommended only in the case of TG.
Adaptation of Saccharomyces Species to High-Iron Conditions

Iron is an indispensable element that participates as an essential cofactor in multiple biological processes. However, when present in excess, iron can engage in redox reactions that generate reactive oxygen species that damage cells at multiple levels. In this report, we characterized the response of budding yeast species from the Saccharomyces genus to elevated environmental iron concentrations. We have observed that S. cerevisiae strains are more resistant to high-iron concentrations than Saccharomyces non-cerevisiae species. Liquid growth assays showed that species evolutionarily closer to S. cerevisiae, such as S. paradoxus, S. jurei, S. mikatae, and S. arboricola, were more resistant to high-iron levels than the more distant species S. eubayanus and S. uvarum. Remarkably, S. kudriavzevii strains were especially iron sensitive. Growth assays in solid media suggested that S. cerevisiae and S. paradoxus were more resistant to the oxidative stress caused by elevated iron concentrations. When comparing iron accumulation and sensitivity, different patterns were observed. As previously described for S. cerevisiae, S. uvarum and particular strains of S. kudriavzevii and S. paradoxus became more sensitive to iron while accumulating more intracellular iron levels. However, no remarkable changes in intracellular iron accumulation were observed for the remainder of species. These results indicate that different mechanisms of response to elevated iron concentrations exist in the different species of the genus Saccharomyces.
Physics-Guided Machine Learning Identifies 5 Optimum Test Locations to Predict Global PV Energy Yield for Arbitrary Farm Topologies

The photovoltaics (PV) technology landscape is evolving rapidly. To gauge the relative merit of emerging PV technologies and their scalable deployability, the global performance of these systems must be understood. Historically, most experimental and computational studies have focused on PV performance in specific regional climatic conditions; however, it has been difficult to translate these isolated regional studies to a global scale. Here, we present a physics-guided machine learning (PG-ML) scheme to demonstrate that: (a) analogous to Köppen–Geiger classification, the world can be divided into just a handful of PV-specific climate zones, and (b) the monthly energy yield (YM) data from a few locations (only 5! ) is sufficient to predict the yearly energy yield (EY) of over 250,000 locations with a high spatial resolution ($0.5^{\circ}\times 0.5^{\circ}$) and accuracy with root mean square error (RMSE) less than just 8 kW·h·m−2. The map reveals that physically relevant meteorological conditions are shared across continents allowing pan-continental geographical extrapolation. Moreover, the scheme is agnostic to PV technology and farm topology, and thus, can be extended to novel PV technology/farm topology. Our results will lead to data-driven collaboration between national policymakers and research organizations to build efficient decision support systems for accelerated PV qualification and deployment across the world.
Effects of Time-Restricted Feeding and Ramadan Fasting on Body Weight, Body Composition, Glucose Responses, and Insulin Resistance: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) and Ramadan fasting (RF) have been recently associated with several health outcomes. However, it is not yet clear if they are superior to existing treatments in terms of glucose metabolism, insulin action, and weight loss. This review aims to summarize the current data on the effects of these regimes on body weight, body composition, and glycemia. An electronic search was conducted in PUBMED and SCOPUS databases up to August 2022. Twenty-four records met the inclusion criteria and underwent a risk-of-bias assessment. The main outcomes were: (a) TRF may result in moderate weight loss in individuals with overweight/obesity; when TRF is combined with caloric restriction, weight loss is >5% of the initial body weight, (b) 14 h of fasting may be as effective as 16 h in terms of weight loss, and (c) TRF may lead to improved insulin sensitivity and glycemic responses/variability throughout the day in individuals with overweight/obesity. Concerning RF, only two studies were available and thus, conclusions were not drawn. TRF may be an effective nutritional approach for weight loss, and the amelioration of glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in individuals with overweight/obesity. However, more long-term, well-designed studies are needed.
Comparative Synthesis of Finite and Infinite Optimal Controllers for a Quadcopter with Input Constraints

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles have been received a great attention in many applications, e.g., exploration, environmental monitoring, and search missions. These tasks need to implement a proper controller to follow a flight path and fulfills these missions with optimal performance, e.g., minimum energy consumption and tracking error. This work propose a comparative synthesis between finite and infinite optimization based controllers. These controllers are implemented to achieve accurate tracking of altitude and attitude commands for quadcopter platform. In the simulation results, we compare the controllers performance considering the vehicle dynamics and input constraints. The results of this study indicate that model predictive controller tracks efficiently the desired flight path with robust performance satisfying the vehicle constraints compared to other optimal controllers.
Self-Balanced Switched Capacitor Based 7-Level Multilevel Inverter with Triple Voltage Gain and Reduced Switching Components

In this article, a new 7-level boost Multilevel Inverter (MLI) is explained. It involves the use of self-balanced switched capacitors. Compared to other inverter topologies, it has less number of switching components. Moreover, the power switches have low stress which adds to the distinct features of the proposed MLI. The simulation analysis along with the experimental verification has been done in order to test the proposed circuit in different conditions. MATLAB software is used for doing simulation whereas the experimental results have been taken by using a laboratory prototype. Along with this, the loss analysis of the proposed MLI has been done, which comprises of the details of the losses occurring in the power electronic switches. The results of the loss analysis has been presented and explained in the paper. PLECS software is used for carrying out the power loss analysis. The high frequency level-shifted pulse width modulation (PWM) technique has been used for generating switching signals. A comparative study has been provided to understand the superiority of the MLI discussed in this paper.
$J$-holomorphic curves from closed $J$-anti-invariant forms

We study the relation between $J$-anti-invariant $2$-forms and pseudoholomorphic curves in this paper. We show the zero set of a closed $J$-anti-invariant $2$-form on an almost complex $4$-manifold supports a $J$-holomorphic subvariety in the canonical class. This confirms a conjecture of Draghici-Li-Zhang. A higher dimensional analogue is established. We also show the dimension of closed $J$-anti-invariant $2$-forms on an almost complex $4$-manifold is a birational invariant, in the sense that it is invariant under degree one pseudoholomorphic maps.
L-Ascorbic Acid as an Efficient Green Corrosion Inhibitor of Steel Rebars in Chloride Contaminated Cement Mortar

Corrosion of reinforcement is a major problem regarding concrete durability. In new structures the corrosion onset can be delayed if additional protection methods are provided as is the case for the addition of corrosion inhibitors in the concrete mix. The main goal of this paper is the evaluation of the effect of the ascorbic acid (AA) as a green steel corrosion inhibitor in cement mortars contaminated by chlorides. Concentration levels of ascorbic acid, ranging from 0.5 to 10−3 mol/L, were added to the mixing water. Electrochemical methods, including corrosion potential (Ecorr), linear polarization resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), were employed to assess the corrosion rate of the steel embedded in the mortars. The corrosion inhibiting performance of ascorbic acid was compared with that of sodium nitrite. The interaction of the ascorbic acid with the hydrated cement matrix was also evaluated with differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis (DTA/TG) and pH measurements. The results indicated that, depending on the ascorbic acid concentration, it can be an activator of the corrosion process or an effective corrosion inhibitor in a similar manner to sodium nitrite. A corrosion rate decrease was achieved with concentrations below 10−2 mol/L and the optimum content was 10−3 mol/L. Within this concentration range, the AA does not modify the hydration performance of the cement matrix.
Novel polymorphisms of dopa decarboxylase gene and their association with lamb quality traits in Indonesian sheep

Objective This study aimed to investigate the polymorphisms of the dopa decarboxylase (DDC) gene and association analysis with lamb quality and expression quantification of the DDC gene in phenotypically divergent Indonesian sheep. Methods The totals of 189 rams with an average body weight of 24.12 kg at 10 to 12 months were used to identify DDC gene polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Among 189 rams, several rams representing various sheep genotypes were used for an association study between genotypes and phenotypic traits with proc general linear model (GLM) analysis. In addition, the gene expression analysis of the DDC mRNA in the phenotypically divergent sheep population was analyzed using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Results The DDC gene (g. 5377439 G>A) showed polymorphisms that indicated three genotypes: AA, AG, and GG. The DDC gene polymorphism was significantly associated (p≤0.05) with carcass characteristics including carcass percentage, carcass length, hot and cold carcass; physical properties of lamb quality including pH value; retail cut carcass; fatty acid composition such as fat content, pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), tricosylic acid (C23:0), lignoceric acid (C24:0), oleic acid (C18:1n9c), elaidic acid (C18:1n9t), nervonic acid (C24:1), linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), arachidonic acid (C20:4n6), cervonic acid (C22:6n3); and mineral content including potassium (K). The GG genotype of the DDC gene had the best association with lamb quality traits. The DDC gene expression analysis mRNA showed no significant difference (p≥0.05) between lamb quality traits. Conclusion The DDC gene could be used as a potential candidate gene to improve lamb quality.
Internal bicategories

We define bicategories internal to 2-categories. When the ambient 2-category is symmetric monoidal categories, this provides a convenient framework for encoding the structures of a symmetric monoidal 3-category. This framework is well suited to examples arising in geometry and algebra, such as the 3-category of bordisms or the 3-category of conformal nets.
Minkowski curvelets and wave equations

We define a new type of wavelet frame adapted to the study of wave equations, that we call Minkowski curvelets, by reference to the curvelets introduced by Cand\`es, Demanet and Donoho. These space-time, strongly anisotropic, directional wavelets have a Fourier support which does not intersect the light-cone; their maximal size is proportional to the inverse of the distance to the light-cone. We show that the matrix of the Green kernel of the Klein-Gordon operator on Minkowski space-time has a nearly exponential off-diagonal decay in this basis.
A Feynman-Kac formula for differential forms on manifolds with boundary and applications

We prove a Feynman-Kac formula for differential forms satisfying absolute boundary conditions on Riemannian manifolds with boundary and of bounded geometry. We use this to construct $L^2$ harmonic forms out of bounded ones on the universal cover of a compact Riemannian manifold whose geometry displays a positivity property expressed in terms of a certain stochastic average of the Weitzenb\"ock operator $R_p$ acting on $p$-forms and the second fundamental form of the boundary. This extends previous work by Elworthy-Li-Rosenberg on closed manifolds to this setting. As an application we find a geometric obstruction to the existence of metrics with 2-convex boundary and positive $R_2$ in this stochastic sense. We also discuss a version of the Feynman-Kac formula for spinors under suitable boundary conditions.
Functional error estimators for the adaptive discretization of inverse problems

So-called functional error estimators provide a valuable tool for reliably estimating the discretization error for a sum of two convex functions. We apply this concept to Tikhonov regularization for the solution of inverse problems for partial differential equations, not only for quadratic Hilbert space regularization terms but also for nonsmooth Banach space penalties. Examples include the measure-space norm (i.e., sparsity regularization) or the indicator function of an L ∞ ball (i.e., Ivanov regularization). The error estimators can be written in terms of residuals in the optimality system that can then be estimated by conventional techniques, thus leading to explicit estimators. This is illustrated by means of an elliptic inverse source problem with the above-mentioned penalties, and numerical results are provided for the case of sparsity regularization.