Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinases of the GRK4 Protein Subfamily Phosphorylate Inactive G Protein-coupled Receptors (GPCRs)*

Background: GPCR phosphorylation by GRKs initiates arrestin binding and signaling switch to G protein-independent pathways. Results: GRK5/6 phosphorylate many inactive GPCRs. GRK2/3 and even permanently membrane-tethered GRK2 mutants phosphorylate only active receptors. Conclusion: Particular receptor-GRK combinations determine the role of GPCR activation in its phosphorylation. Significance: GRKs can phosphorylate active and inactive GPCRs, promoting arrestin recruitment. G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinases (GRKs) play a key role in homologous desensitization of GPCRs. It is widely assumed that most GRKs selectively phosphorylate only active GPCRs. Here, we show that although this seems to be the case for the GRK2/3 subfamily, GRK5/6 effectively phosphorylate inactive forms of several GPCRs, including β2-adrenergic and M2 muscarinic receptors, which are commonly used as representative models for GPCRs. Agonist-independent GPCR phosphorylation cannot be explained by constitutive activity of the receptor or membrane association of the GRK, suggesting that it is an inherent ability of GRK5/6. Importantly, phosphorylation of the inactive β2-adrenergic receptor enhanced its interactions with arrestins. Arrestin-3 was able to discriminate between phosphorylation of the same receptor by GRK2 and GRK5, demonstrating preference for the latter. Arrestin recruitment to inactive phosphorylated GPCRs suggests that not only agonist activation but also the complement of GRKs in the cell regulate formation of the arrestin-receptor complex and thereby G protein-independent signaling.
A System for Supporting Migration to Overlay OpenFlow Network Using OpenStack

OpenFlow network technologies has attracted attention along with popularization of cloud environment and server virtualization since it enables flexible network configuration. It is expected that existing networks of many organizations will migrate to OpenFlow networks in the future. Since it takes a huge cost to replace all existing network devices to OpenFlow switches, many organizations consider to employ overlay OpenFlow networks where virtual OpenFlow devices are introduced at endpoint servers. In overlay OpenFlow networks, the cost for migration increases according to the number of servers. In this paper, we propose a system for supporting migration to an overlay OpenFlow network. Our proposed system acquires settings of servers in the existing network endpoints and reflects them to the overlay OpenFlow network. Through experimental evaluations, we confirm the behavior of the configuration acquisition function of our proposed system.
Full abstraction of a real-time denotational semantics for an OCCAM-like language

We present a fully abstract semantics for real-time distributed computing of the Ada and OCCAM kind in a denotational style. This semantics turns termination, communication along channels, and the time communication takes place, into observables. Yet it is the coarsest semantics to do so which is syntax-directed (this is known as full abstraction). It extends the linear history semantics for CSP of Francez, Lehman and Pnueli. Our execution model is based on maximizing concurrent activity as opposed to interleaving (in which only one action occurs at the time and arbitrary delays are incurred between actions). It is a variant of the maximal parallelism model of Salwicki and Müldner.
Validation of a Persian Version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14)

Background: The oral health-related quality of life indicators are increasingly used to measure the impact of the oral conditions on quality of life. One of the most used indicators is the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), but it has never been applied in Iran. The aim of this study was to validate the usage of OHIP-14 among Iranians. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in Kerman (Iran). A consecutive sample (n= 400) of the Kerman Dental School Clinics attending patients participated in this study. All participants self-completed the translated OHIP-14. Reliability analyses, validity tests, and responsiveness were carried out to evaluate the psychometric properties of the OHIP-14. Results: The reliability coefficient (Cronbach’s alpha) of the OHIP-14 was above the recommended 0.7 threshold and considered excellent (alpha: 0.85). The coefficient of the test-retest reliability measured by ICC was 0.88 (CI 95%: 0.80–0.93). Poorer oral condition was strongly associated with OHIP scores of the patients, supporting construct validity. Moreover, for evaluation of responsiveness, the ES was measured to be 0.43 and the SRM was 0.67. Conclusions: The Persian version of OHIP-14 is a precise, valid and reliable instrument for assessing oral health-related quality of life among Persian population.
Evidence of a collision between the Yucatán Block and Mexico in the Miocene

We present the evidence for an anomalous southwest-dipping slab in southern Mexico. The main evidence comes from a clear receiver function image along a seismic line across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and is also supported by a previous global tomographic model. The slab dips at 35°, is approximately 250 km in length and appears to truncate the Cocos slab at about 120 km depth. We hypothesize that the slab was created by subduction of oceanic lithosphere prior to the collision of the Yucatan Block with Mexico at approximately 12 Ma. This scenario would explain the Chiapas Fold and Thrust Belt as the product of this collision, and its age constrains the date of the event to be in the Miocene.
Seabird breeding population size on the Antarctic Peninsula related to fisheries activities in non-breeding ranges off South America

Abstract Population growth of the southern giant petrel Macronectes giganteus from South America has been linked with an increase in fishing activities. It was demonstrated recently that a population from Elephant Island, Antarctic Peninsula, largely overlaps its non-breeding distribution with zones of high fishing intensity off South America. This study investigated the assumption that the increase in this population since the 1980s is related to an increase in fisheries off South America. Our results show that the population size is proportional to the increase in demersal and squid fisheries. These fisheries produce a considerable amount of discards, which can be used by non-breeding southern giant petrels as a food source during unfavourable conditions in winter. This may enhance the adult survival rates with potential carry-over effects on population size. Our study shows that we need to further understand the effects of fishery discards/offal on scavenging seabirds of the Southern Ocean, and highlights the importance of understanding the carry-over effects of seabird–fisheries interactions during the non-breeding phase in population dynamics.
Mesothelioma and asbestos fiber type. Evidence from lung tissue analyses

Lung tissue samples from 78 cases from autopsy of mesothelioma in Canada, 1980 through 1984, and from matched referents were examined by optical and analytical transmission electron microscopic study. Concentrations of amosite, crocidolite, and tremolite fibers, and of typical asbestos bodies discriminated sharply between cases and referents. The distributions of chrysotile and anthophyllite/talc fibers and of all other natural and man‐made inorganic fibers (≥8 μm) in the two series were quite similar. Relative risk was related to the concentration of long (≥8 μm) amphibole fibers with no additional information provided by shorter fibers. The proportion of long fibers was much higher for amphiboles than chrysotile and, except for chrysotile, systematically higher in cases than referents. Amphibole asbestos fibers could explain most mesothelioma cases in Canada and other inorganic fibers, including chrysotile, very few. Fibrous tremolite, contaminant of many industrial minerals including chrysotile, probably explained most cases in the Quebec mining region and perhaps 20% elsewhere.
Age-Related Changes in Sleep and Circadian Rhythms: Impact on Cognitive Performance and Underlying Neuroanatomical Networks

Circadian and homeostatic sleep-wake regulatory processes interact in a fine tuned manner to modulate human cognitive performance. Dampening of the circadian alertness signal and attenuated deterioration of psychomotor vigilance in response to elevated sleep pressure with aging change this interaction pattern. As evidenced by neuroimaging studies, both homeostatic sleep pressure and circadian sleep-wake promotion impact on cognition-related cortical and arousal-promoting subcortical brain regions including the thalamus, the anterior hypothalamus, and the brainstem locus coeruleus (LC). However, how age-related changes in circadian and homeostatic processes impact on the cerebral activity subtending waking performance remains largely unexplored. Post-mortem studies point to neuronal degeneration in the SCN and age-related modifications in the arousal-promoting LC. Alongside, cortical frontal brain areas are particularly susceptible both to aging and misalignment between circadian and homeostatic processes. In this perspective, we summarize and discuss here the potential neuroanatomical networks underlying age-related changes in circadian and homeostatic modulation of waking performance, ranging from basic arousal to higher order cognitive behaviors.
Sustainability of Capture Fisheries and SDG 14: Life Below Water

Unlike the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the new United Nations (UN) post-2015 Global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include a goal related to conserving and sustainably using the oceans, seas and marine resources―Sustainable Development Goal 14: “Life Below Water” (SDG 14). Inter alia, the goal aims to increase the sustainability of capture fisheries. For the most part, the sub-goals and targets emerging from this process are not new. Still, for the first time, fisheries have moved toward the center of the sustainable development discourse and the high profile of the SDGs may contribute to increased accountability. However, unless rhetoric translates into the political will to set measurable targets and enforce them, the goal alone cannot generate sustainability in capture fisheries.
An initial Empirical Evaluation of the Influence of ERP Post-Implementation modifications on Business Process optimisation

In this research in progress paper, we present and discuss an initial empirical evaluation of a model on ERP post-implementation modifications. The theoretical foundation and derivation of a set of propositions from the model were reported recently (citation withheld); it categorises postimplementation modifications to ERP systems and relates it to business process optimisation. While ERP systems can improve the efficiency, effectiveness and flexibility of business processes, the relationship between these measures of business process optimisation and post-implementation modifications is not adequately understood. By drawing on the post-implementation experience of a large Australian manufacturing company, we report several post-implementation modifications, and empirically classify them in light of our model. The model and empirical evidence together provide a convincing theoretical foundation for research into the impact of post-implementation modifications on business process optimisation, an important area for achieving competitive advantage. With empirical evidence (though initial), we are able to support the utility of our model as a useful managerial tool for clarifying differences amongst various modifications and guiding modifications and its implications to deliver business process optimisation.
An automatic non-rigid registration method for dense surface models

In this paper, we present an automatic registration method to align the dense points of 3D surfaces, for example, faces. It combines global and local deformations. An iterative closest point (ICP)-based deformation, which is global, is applied first to roughly align the two surfaces. Afterwards, the two surfaces will match in some regions, but not the whole. So, a sequence of compact support radial basis functions (CSRBF)-based deformations, which are local, will be then performed on those mismatched regions as adjustments. The CSRBF-based deformation is landmark-based. The landmarks are automatically defined using the bilateral correspondences of the two surfaces, with the aim to reduce the differences between the two correspondences through the adjustments. As a result, an optimal alignment of the two surfaces will be achieved finally when a unique correspondence is established. The results of our proposed method and those obtained by ICP and TPS are compared. Improvements on accuracy of registration can be easily seen from the comparison.
Numerical Solution of Linear Quasistatic Hereditary Viscoelasticity Problems

We give a space-time Galerkin finite element discretization of the linear quasistatic compressible viscoelasticity problem as described by an elliptic partial differential equation with a Volterra (memory) term. The discretization consists of a continuous piecewise linear approximation in space with a discontinuous piecewise constant or linear approximation in time. We derive an a priori maximum energy-error estimate by exploiting Galerkin "orthogonality" and the data-stability of a related discrete backward problem. Illustrative numerical experiments are also included, as also is a brief description of our first results on a posteriori error estimation. This allows for adaptive control of the space mesh but not of the time step.
On the beginnings of palaeoceanography: Foraminifera, pioneers and theAlbatrossExpedition

: The ﬁeld of studies labelled palaeoceanography integrates research on foraminifers and other microfossils within their environment on deep-sea sediments raised by cores taken from ships. The ﬁrst large-scale project deserving the label was the Swedish Deep-Sea Expedition, which used the sailing vessel Albatross and the then newly developed Kullenberg coring machine to raise hundreds of long cores from around the world during 1947–1948. Thus, just as the Challenger Expedition (1872–1876) serves as a marker point for the beginnings of oceanogra-phy,the Albatross representsthe beginningsofpalaeoceanography.The uniquedeﬁningelement – the link of micropalaeontology to ocean circulation and climate – came to dominate discussions in the 1950s with the reports by Gustaf Arrhenius and Cesare Emiliani. At the same time, important stepsin the evolutionof the newﬁeld dependedon the expansionof the inventoryofcores by major oceanographic institutions (especially Lamont Geological Observatory in Palisades, New York), andontheintroductionofnewdatingmethods.Subsequently, theﬁeldbeneﬁtedfromtheincreased use ofvariousstatisticaltechniques, as wellas ofnumericalmodelling,all of whichproﬁted greatly from the rapid growth of computing power.
Ee240a -mae 270a -fall 2002 Review of Some Elements of Linear Algebra 1.1 Vector Spaces

The structure introduced now will pervade our course, that of a vector space, also called a linear space. This is a set that has a natural addition operation de ned on it, together with scalar multiplication. Because this is such an important concept, and arises in a number of di erent ways, it is worth de ning it precisely below. Before proceeding we set some basic notation. The real numbers will be denoted by R, and the complex numbers by C ; we will use j := p 1 for the imaginary unit. Also, given a complex number z = x+ jy with x; y 2 R:
Shedding light on the adult brain: a review of the clinical applications of near-infrared spectroscopy

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has potential as a non-invasive brain monitor in a wide range of clinical scenarios. In the last decade, there has been a rapid expansion of clinical experience using NIRS to monitor cerebral oxygenation, particularly in cardiac surgery, where there is some evidence that NIRS-guided brain protection protocols might lead to a reduction in peri-operative neurological complications. There are no data to support the wider application of NIRS to monitor cerebral oxygenation during routine anaesthesia and surgery, and its application in brain injury, where it might be expected to have a key monitoring role, is as yet undefined. Technological developments, including the introduction of broadband and time-resolved spectrometers that are capable of reliably measuring changes in oxidized cytochrome c oxidase, offer real potential for a single NIRS-based device to provide multi-site, regional monitoring of cerebral metabolic status as well as oxygenation and haemodynamics.
Design of a PTC-Inspired Segmented ADC for High-Speed Column-Parallel CMOS Image Sensor

This paper presents a successive approximation ADC (SAR) architecture that takes advantage of the signal-dependent photon shot-noise characteristic of an image sensor. The multi-segmented successive approximation ADC (MS-SAR) applies the sub-ranging technique, where each segment’s conversion step size is scaled according to the photon transfer curve (PTC) of a given pixel. The MS-SAR selects the appropriate segment with a binary search and then resolves the remaining bits with the SAR register. The ADC is designed to be highly scalable and is targeted for a family of image sensors requiring high-resolution A/D converters. A first prototype high-speed columnparallel image sensor using the MS-SAR architecture was fabricated in a 0.18 um 5V/1.8V CMOS process. Measurement results from this demonstrate that the ADC is capable of resolving 16 bits at the lowest segment with a conversion time of 2.475 us.
The course of tissue permeabilization studied on a mathematical model of a subcutaneous tumor in small animals

One of the ways to potentiate antitumor effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs is by local application of short intense electric pulses. This causes an increase of the cell membrane permeability and is called electropermeabilization. In order to study the course of tissue permeabilization of a subcutaneous tumor in small animals, a mathematical model was built with the commercial program EMAS, which uses the finite element method. The model is based on the tissue specific conductivity values found in literature, experimentally determined electric field threshold values of reversible and irreversible tissue permeabilization, and conductivity changes in the tissues. The results obtained with the model were then compared to experimental results from the treatment of subcutaneous tumors in mice and a good agreement was obtained. Our results and the reversible and irreversible thresholds used coincide well with the effectiveness of the electrochemotherapy in real tumors where experiments show antitumor effectiveness for amplitudes higher than 900 V/cm ratio and pronounced antitumor effects at 1300 V/cm ratio.
Lessons on Value Creation From the Open Source Phenomenon: Understanding the Impact of Work Structures, Contracts and Digital Platforms

1 MOTIVATION AND PROBLEM STATEMENT In1the current digitally enabled collaborative environment, free (libre) and open source software (FLOSS) projects have become ubiquitous. Increasingly, both individuals as well as organizations are adopting FLOSS as a viable mode of software development because of the multifarious advantages it offers with respect to evolved coordination and motivational mechanisms. Further, organizations are discovering that FLOSS projects are often able to create software that surpasses proprietary software in terms of quality and functionality. For example, in a 2013 study of 750 C/C++ FLOSS projects, it was found that the quality of FLOSS projects surpassed that of proprietary software [1]. Prior research has examined several aspects related to FLOSS project value and has laid the groundwork for a deeper enquiry into the subject (e.g. Crowston, Wei, & Howison, 2012; Howison & Crowston, 2014). By building
A Survey of Partition-Based Techniques for Copy-Move Forgery Detection

A copy-move forged image results from a specific type of image tampering procedure carried out by copying a part of an image and pasting it on one or more parts of the same image generally to maliciously hide unwanted objects/regions or clone an object. Therefore, detecting such forgeries mainly consists in devising ways of exposing identical or relatively similar areas in images. This survey attempts to cover existing partition-based copy-move forgery detection techniques.
Enhanced Tumor Cell Radiosensitivity and Abrogation of G2 and S Phase Arrest by the Hsp90 Inhibitor 17-(Dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin

Purpose: Because of the potential for affecting multiple signaling pathways, inhibition of Hsp90 may provide a strategy for enhancing tumor cell radiosensitivity. Therefore, we have investigated the effects of the orally bioavailable Hsp90 inhibitor 17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG) on the radiosensitivity of human tumor cells in vitro and grown as tumor xenografts. Experimental Design: The effect of 17-DMAG on the levels of three proteins (Raf-1, ErbB2, and Akt) previously implicated in the regulation of radiosensitivity was determined in three human solid tumor cell lines. A clonogenic assay was then used to evaluate cell survival after exposure to 17-DMAG followed by irradiation. For mechanistic insight, the G2- and S-phase checkpoints were evaluated in 17-DMAG–treated cells. Finally, the effect of in vivo administration of 17-DMAG in combination with radiation on the growth rate of xenograft tumors was determined. Results: 17-DMAG exposure reduced the levels of the three radiosensitivity-associated proteins in a cell line-specific manner with ErbB2 being the most susceptible. Corresponding concentrations of 17-DMAG enhanced the radiosensitivity of each of the tumor cell lines. This sensitization seemed to be the result of a 17-DMAG–mediated abrogation of the G2- and S-phase cell cycle checkpoints. The oral administration of 17-DMAG to mice bearing tumor xenografts followed by irradiation resulted in a greater than additive increase in tumor growth delay. Conclusions: These data indicate that 17-DMAG enhances the in vitro and in vivo radiosensitivity of human tumor cells. The mechanism responsible seems to involve the abrogation of radiation-induced G2- and S-phase arrest.
A 23.67-to-45-GHz wide tuning range dual VCO with phase noise enhancement in 90-nm CMOS technology

A 23.67-to-45-GHz voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) using standard 90-nm CMOS technology is presented in this paper. A dual VCO with switchable inductor and varactor arrays is proposed and successfully implemented in the LC-VCO design. The proposed switchable inductor changes the inductance in-directly on radio frequency (RF) signal path, and brings minimum loading effect on the quality factor of the resonator. The VCO centered at 34.4 GHz achieves a wide tuning range of 62.1%. The measured phase noise is -100.8 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the carrier frequency of 23.67 GHz. The VCO has a core chip size of 0.35 × 0.65 mm2 and consumes 16-20mW from a 1.2 V supply voltage. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed VCO has the highest FOMT of -194.3 among all reported above 10-GHz VCOs.
Lone AF - etiologic factors and genetic insights into pathophysiolgy.

Ever since atrial fibrillation (AF) was first recognized in young people (so called "lone" AF) over 4 decades ago, there has been increasing focus on determining the underlying the pathophysiology of the condition. Although lone AF is presumed to be a highly heterogeneous disease, recent studies have identified novel risk factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, endurance sports and genetics, for the arrhythmia. This monograph aims to highlight some of the recent advances in our understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of lone AF especially insight provided by contemporary genetic studies. These insights may provide novel therapeutic targets for treatment of this challenging arrhythmia in young patients.