Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electrotonic Cell‐Cell Interactions in Cardiac Tissue: Effects on Action Potential Propagation and Repolarization

Abstract: This article characterizes through computer simulations, the role of cell‐cell interactions and of tissue structure in determining properties of action potential propagation and repolarization in cardiac tissue. The results demonstrate strong interactions between membrane excitatory processes and electrical loading by the passive tissue structure. These interactions modulate the ionic mechanism of conduction and influence conduction velocity and robustness. Cell‐cell interactions also have a strong effect on the dispersion of repolarization in cardiac tissue.
Education, Aspirations and Life Satisfaction

The idea that expanding work and consumption opportunities always increases people’s wellbeing is well established in economics but finds no support in psychology. Instead, there is evidence in both economics and psychology that people’s life satisfaction depends on how experienced utility compares with expectations of life satisfaction or decision utility. In this paper I suggest that expanding work and consumption opportunities is a good thing for decision utility but may not be so for experienced utility. On this premise, I argue that people may overrate their socioeconomic prospects relative to real life chances and I discuss how systematic frustration over unfulfilled expectations can be connected to people’s educational achievement. I test the model’s predictions on Italian data and find preliminary support for the idea that education and access to stimulating environments may have a perverse impact on life satisfaction. I also find evidence that the latter effect is mediated by factors such as gender and age. Indeed, the model seeks to go beyond the Italian case and provide more general insights into how age/life satisfaction relationships can be modelled and explained.
Thermodynamic , Electrochemical and Surface Studies of Dendrimers as Effective Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in 1 M HCl

the Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1 M HCl has been investigated using three dendrimers by means of gravimetric, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. Results showed that inhibition efficiency increases with increasing concentration of dendrimers. Among the studied inhibitors, the DENDs-G2 showed maximum efficiency of 96.95% at 25 concentrations. The potentiodynamic study revealed that investigated dendrimers act as mixed type inhibitors. EIS plots indicated that the addition of dendrimers increases the charge-transfer resistance (Rct), decreases the double-layer capacitance (Cdl) of the corrosion process, and hence increases inhibition efficiency. The adsorption of the dendrimers on the mild steel surface in acid solution obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Moreover, the thermodynamic activation parameters for the corrosion reaction were calculated and discussed in relation to the stability of the protective inhibitor layer. KeywordsDendrimers, Mild steel EIS, Corrosion, 1 M HCl, SEM-EDX
The Perceptual Acquisition of Phonological Contrasts

Stager and Werker (1997) show that fourteen-month-olds engaged in a word-learning task fail to respond to a switch between the minimal pair [bI] and [dI], though they do respond to a switch between [lIf] and [nim] in the same task. In this article we show that the [bI]/[dI] results extend to stimuli that respect English phonotactics ([bIn] vs. [dIn]), to a voicing contrast ([pIn] vs. [bIn]), and to voicing and place combined ([pIn] vs. [dIn]). Our interpretation of these results is that when a phonological contrast like place or voicing is first acquired, it remains only partially integrated and can be lost under the processing demands of word learning. We formalize partial integration in terms of unranked optimality-theoretic constraints and discuss the predictions of this account for further research.
Experiences of U.S. military couples during the post-deployment transition

Although many military couples eagerly await reunion after deployment, the reentry of service members into family life can be challenging. This study employed the relational turbulence model to identify the issues facing military couples during the post-deployment transition. Individuals who had been reunited with their romantic partner during the past six months (N = 259; 137 service members, 122 partners) completed an online questionnaire. Content analytic results indicated that people encounter diverse changes to their relationship (RQ1), issues of relational uncertainty (RQ2), and interference in their daily routines (RQ3). Women, at-home partners, and reservist couples appear especially likely to encounter upheaval (RQ4). The relational turbulence model may have utility for illuminating the experiences of military couples upon reintegration.
Using constraint logic programming in memory synthesis for general purpose computers

Summary form only. In modern computer systems the performance is dominated by the memory performance. Currently, there is neither a systematic design methodology nor a tool for the design of memory systems for general purpose computers. We present a first approach to CAD support for this crucial subtask of system level design. Dependencies between influencing factors and design decisions are explicitly represented by constraints, and constraint logic programming is used to make the design decisions. The memory design is optimized with respect to several objectives by iterating the (re)design cycle. Event driven simulation is used for evaluation of the intermediate results. The system is organized as an interactive design assistant.
KESAN PEMBELAJARAN YANG MENYERONOKKAN TERHADAP KESEDIAAN BELAJAR DALAM KALANGAN KANAK-KANAK PRASEKOLAH

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tentang pembelajaran yang menyeronokkan dalam konteks prasekolah, aktiviti-aktiviti yang dilaksanakan dan kesannya kepada kesediaan belajar dalam kalangan kanak-kanak di sebuah prasekolah. Reka bentuk kajian ini adalah merupakan kajian kes satu tempat dan pelbagai kes. Seorang guru, seorang pembantu pengurusan murid dan 25 orang murid dipilih sebagai responden dalam kajian ini. Data kajian ini diperoleh secara kualitatif iaitu menggunakan teknik temu bual, pemerhatian berstruktur dan analisis dokumen. Keseluruhan data ini dianalisis secara manual oleh penyelidik dan tema yang dikeluarkan disemak dan disahkan oleh penyelia utama. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa pendekatan melalui bermain merupakan pendekatan utama dalam mewujudkan pembelajaran yang menyeronokkan di prasekolah. Selain itu, proses set induksi yang menarik seperti permainan magic, penggunaan BBM yang menarik, rangsangan motivasi dan peranan guru itu sendiri serta rakan sebaya dalam sesuatu aktiviti dapat juga mewujudkan pengalaman pembelajaran yang menyeronokkan di kelas prasekolah. Kesimpulannya, belajar melalui bermain telah berjaya mewujudkan proses pembelajaran kanak-kanak yang lebih menggembirakan dan bermakna serta dapat membantu mewujudkan perubahan sikap supaya sentiasa bersedia untuk belajar dalam kalangan kanak-kanak di kelas prasekolah. Keputusan menunjukkan pembelajaran yang menyeronokkan di dalam kelas prasekolah dalam mewujudkan kesediaan belajar kanak-kanak adalah saling berhubung di antara empat elemen iaitu kefahaman guru, pelaksanaan aktiviti, penggunaan bahan dan sifat peribadi guru dalam memperkukuhkan pengajaran dan pembelajaran yang menyeronokkan di kelas prasekolah. Kefahaman guru tentang pembelajaran yang menyeronokkan dapat memberi impak terhadap kesediaan murid untuk belajar di dalam kelas prasekolah selari dengan kehendak Kurikulum Standard Prasekolah Kebangsaan.
A Gaussian Derivative Operator for Authentic Edge Detection and Accurate Edge Localization

One of the nice properties of the Gaussian scale space map is its well behavedness. This rather well-behaved nature is somewhat deceptive, however, as portions of the map may not have any direct relationship to the features in the unfiltered image.4 It has been shown that not all zero-crossing surface patches can be associated with intensity changes in the unfiltered image. Zero-crossings give rise to both authentic and phantom scale map contours. Recently, we proposed an edge enhancement operator, the LWF, which is a weighted combination of the Gaussian and its second derivative.6 In this paper, we prove analytically and demonstrate experimentally that the LWF produces the authentic scale map contours only. We also show that the LWF has excellent edge localization (i.e. the points marked by the operator is very close to center of the true edge). A performance comparison between the Laplacian of Gaussian and LWF operators with respect to the localization property is also presented.
A Meta-Engineering Approach for Customized Document-centered Knowledge Acquisition

Enabling domain specialists to formalize domain knowledge using knowledge acquisition tools, also known as direct knowledge acquisition, has been a challenge in artificial intelligence research for decades. Building custom-tailored knowledge acquisition tools proved to be a convenient method to empower domain specialists to contribute to knowledge bases directly. Engineering on the meta level, i.e. building tools that allow to build customized knowledge acquisition tools, is the strategy to reduce implementation costs for the customized tools. In this paper, we present an approach to build customized knowledge acquisition environments for documentcentered knowledge base authoring. This editing paradigm, being an alternative to the use of graphical user interfaces, is well suited for the customization approach allowing for knowledge acquisition at low effort for both, the domain specialists and the knowledge engineers. We present a meta-engineering process coordinating the customization efforts and a metatool for the system KnowWE enabling efficient metaengineering. To illustrate the overall approach we describe a real-world case study in e-learning in the domain of Ancient History.
PISO – ein evidenzbasierter Ansatz zur manualisierten Therapie somatoformer Störungen

Vor dem Hintergrund der hohen Pravalenz somatoformer Storungen und der damit verbundenen Relevanz fur die klinischeVersorgung wird dieses Storungsbild naher beleuchtet und es werden aktuelle Konzepte zum Verstandnis medizinisch nicht ausreichend erklarbarer Korperbeschwerden vorgestellt. Die nach wie vor dunne Datenlage zu evidenzbasierten psychotherapeutischen Behandlungsansatzen begrundet die Notwendigkeit einer aktuell laufenden multizentrischen Behandlungsstudie zur psychosomatischen Intervention bei somatoformen Storungen (PISO-Studie). Die Studie untersucht die Wirksamkeit einer dreiphasigen manualisierten psychodynamisch orientierten Kurzzeitpsychotherapie imVergleich zu verbesserter medizinischer Standardbehandlung und wird an dieser Stelle inhaltlich vorgestellt. Im Therapiemanual werden die im klinischen Alltag haufig spurbaren Schwierigkeiten im Umgang mit Patienten berucksichtigt, die unter einem somatoformen Beschwerdebild leiden. Dabei wird auch auf die Vor- und Nachteile manualisierter Psychotherapie im Allgemeinen eingegangen.
To assess knowledge and attitude of parents toward children suffering from strabismus in Indian subcontinent

Purpose: Strabismus and anisometropia are the most common causes of amblyopia. It can be easily prevented or treated if detected early. With the changing socio-cultural-economic milieu of the society, the perspectives of strabismus in society are gradually changing but still adequate knowledge, awareness, and attitude of parents toward strabismus will help in preventing amblyopia and aid in the proper psychosocial adaptation of such children. This study aimed to assess knowledge and attitude of parents toward children suffering from strabismus. Methods: A prospective study was carried out from January 1 to February 29, 2016, through a structured questionnaire to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of parents of children suffering from strabismus. Results: One hundred and twenty parents of children with strabismus were interviewed through a questionnaire. Education level of 78 parents was less than graduation (60%) and of 42 parents (40%) was graduation or higher. The majority of the parents, i.e., 116 (96.67%) were bothered due to strabismus. One hundred and one (84.17%) parents felt that their child's strabismus was noticed by others during interaction. Seventy-four (61.67%) parents felt that their children will have difficulty in making friends. Ninety (75%) parents felt uncomfortable if someone asked something about their child's strabismus. One hundred and ten (91.67%) parents considered strabismus as cosmetic stigma. Conclusion: Some parents, especially from the lower educated segment, had poor understanding of strabismus, thus resulting in late presentation and ineffective countermeasures. The key to prevent strabismic amblyopia and its psychosocial impacts is to provide health education regarding strabismus.
Post-processing of Engineering Analysis Results for Visualization in VR Systems

The applicability of Virtual Reality for evaluating engineering analysis results is beginning to receive increased appreciation in the last years. The problem many engineers are still facing is how to import their model together with the analysis results in a virtual reality environment for exploration and results validation. In this paper we propose an algorithm for transforming model data and results from finite element analysis (FEA) solving application to a format easily interpretable by a virtual reality application. The algorithm includes also steps for reducing the face-count of the resulting mesh by eliminating faces from the inner part of the model in the cases when only the surfaces of the model is analyzed. We also describe a possibility for simultaneously assessing multiple analysis results relying on multimodal results presentation by stimulating different senses of the operator.
On Pattern-Based Programming towards the Discovery of Frequent Patterns

— The problem of frequent pattern discovery is defined as the process of searching for patterns such as sets of features or items that appear in data frequently. Finding such frequent patterns has become an important data mining task because it reveals associations, correlations, and many other interesting relationships hidden in a database . Most of the proposed frequent pattern mining algorithms have been implemented with imperative programming languages. Such paradigm is inefficient when set of patterns is large and the frequent pattern is long. We suggest a high-level declarative style of programming apply to the problem of frequent pattern discovery. We consider two languages: Haskell and Prolog. Our intuitive idea is that the problem of finding frequent patterns should be efficiently and concisely implemented via a declarative paradigm since pattern matching is a fundamental feature supported by most functional languages and Prolog. Our frequent pattern mining implementation using the Haskell and Prolog languages confirms our hypothesis about conciseness of the program. The comparative performance studies on line-of-code, speed and memory usage of declarative versus imperative programming have been reported in the paper.
Vitamin D Pathway Genes, Diet, and Risk of Renal Cell Carcinoma

Mediated by binding to the high-affinity vitamin D receptor (VDR), vitamin D forms a heterodimer complex with the retinoid-X-receptor (RXR). Variation in both genes has been shown to modify renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk. Therefore, we investigated whether VDR and RXRA polymorphisms modify associations between RCC risk and frequency of dietary intake of vitamin D and calcium rich foods, and occupational ultraviolet exposure among 777 RCC case and 1035 controls from Central and Eastern Europe. A positive association was observed in this population between increasing dietary intake frequency of yogurt, while an inverse association was observed with egg intake frequency. RXRA polymorphisms, located 3′ of the coding sequence, modified associations between specific vitamin D rich foods and RCC risk, while RXRA polymorphisms, located in introns 1 and 4, modified associations with specific calcium rich foods. Results suggest that variants in the RXRA gene modified the associations observed between RCC risk and calcium and vitamin D intake.
Role of Histamine in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension in the Rat: II. DEPLETION OF HISTAMINE, SEROTONIN, AND CATECHOLAMINES

The present investigation was undertaken to see if any of the naturally occurring vasoactive substances was likely to act as a mediator for the pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to acute alveolar hypoxia. Rats were treated with agents that deplete local stores of vasoactive amines or inhibit their synthesis. Lungs from these animals were isolated, ventilated, and perfused with homologous blood at constant volume inflow. Their pressor responses to 2- to 3-minute periods of ventilation hypoxia (2% O2) were observed. The histamine-releasing agent 48/80 or the histidine decarboxylase inhibitor NSD 1055, or both, depleted 73% of the histamine in the lung but had no consistent effect on the pressor responses to hypoxia. When 48/80 (0.2 to 1 mg) was given in vitro, histamine in the lung was reduced to 10% of normal, or less, and the pressor response to alveolar hypoxia was completely abolished. Reserpine, guanethidine, or alpha-methyl-tyrosine reduced catecholamine stores in heart tissue (as an index of general tissue changes) by a maximum of 90% and reserpine decreased serotonin in the lung by 93% without inhibiting the hypoxic pressor responses. The findings strengthen the concept that histamine mediates the pressor response to acute alveolar hypoxia in the rat.
Signalling organelle for retrograde axonal transport of internalized neurotrophins from the nerve terminal

The retrograde axonal transport of neurotrophins occurs after receptor‐mediated endocytosis into vesicles at the nerve terminal. We have been investigating the process of targeting these vesicles for retrograde transport, by examining the transport of [125I]‐labelled neurotrophins from the eye to sympathetic and sensory ganglia. With the aid of confocal microscopy, we examined the phenomena further in cultures of dissociated sympathetic ganglia to which rhodamine‐labelled nerve growth factor (NGF) was added. We found the label in large vesicles in the growth cone and axons. Light microscopic examination of the sympathetic nerve trunk in vivo also showed the retrogradely transported material to be sporadically located in large structures in the axons. Ultrastructural examination of the sympathetic nerve trunk after the transport of NGF bound to gold particles showed the label to be concentrated in relatively few large organelles that consisted of accumulations of multivesicular bodies. These results suggest that in vivo NGF is transported in specialized organelles that require assembly in the nerve terminal.
THE NORMATIVE BIAS IN ENTREPRENEURIAL THEORY

This article highlights the normative bias in the entrepreneurial theories of Schumpeter and Kirzner. This bias, while significant, has remained largely implicit, and the approaches of both authors, we argue, entail "Panglossian" views of entrepreneurial processes. We trace these problems to each of the theories' teleological foundations and suggest that defining entrepreneurial "outcomes", and normatively judging those outcomes, will be more problematic than commonly admitted. We suggest analysing entrepreneurship from a non-teleological approach that decouples the entrepreneurial act from the complex and unpredictable processes that follow from that act. Such an approach should eliminate the normative priors that currently exist and should open up a range of new areas to explore under the rubric of "entrepreneurship". We also hope to stimulate discussion between entrepreneurship and new classical theorists, since, as we argue, there appear to be affinities between the approaches. In particular, our approach to entrepreneurial analysis implies the kinds of discontinuities that have become the hallmark of the new classical method. Our arguments are briefly illustrated by references to several brief examples at the end of the article.
Evoked-potential audiogram of the Yangtze finless porpoise Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis.

Evoked-potential audiograms were obtained in two (one male and one female) Yangtze finless porpoises, Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaseorientalis. Sinusoidal amplitude-modulated 20-ms tone bursts were used as probes with recording envelope-following evoked potentials. A frequency range of 8 to 152 kHz was investigated. The range of greatest sensitivity covered frequencies from 45 to 139 kHz, and the lowest thresholds of 47.2 and 48.5 dB re: 1 μPa were found at a frequency of 54 kHz in the two subjects, respectively. At lower frequencies, threshold increased with a rate of around 14 dB/octave, and threshold steeply increased at 152 kHz.
Cardioprotective effect of miR-214 in myocardial ischemic postconditioning by down-regulation of hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit inhibitor.

To determine the significance of miR—214 expression in ischemic post—conditioning. Sixty rats were grouped to establish animal models. Immuno— luminescence and chemical methods were used to detect oxidative stress indicators. Hemodynamics indexes were measured by carotid artery intubation, and ischemia and infarction areas by Evans blue and 2,3—5 triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining. TargetScan was used for identification and luciferase assays for verification of target genes.miR—214 and hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit inhibitor (HIF1AN) were analyzed by real—time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Ischemia reperfusion significantly decreased left ventricular systolic pressure, +dp/dtmax, and —dp/dtmax and increased left ventricular end—diastolic pressure; ischemic post—conditioning had contrasting effects. Compared to the sham group, the ischemic/reperfusion (IR) group showed increased creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK—MB) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the myocardium and decreased SOD. miR—214 in the IR group was down—regulated, and HIF1AN, up—regulated. Compared with the IR group, the ischemia postconditioning (IPC) group showed decreased CK—MB and MDA in the myocardium and increased SOD. The proportion of infarction area to ischemia area in IPC group declined compared to IR group. miR—214 and HIF1AN in the IPC group showed significant up— and down—regulation, respectively. Ischemic postconditioning can improve myocardial function, reduce myocardial infarction area, and prevent the ischemia reperfusion injury. miR—214 may participate in the protective function of ischemic post—conditioning by down—regulating HIF1AN.
Geschützte Werte Skala (GWS) Konstruktion und Validierung eines Messinstrumentes

Zusammenfassung. Geschutzte Werte (GW) sind Werte, die von Individuen oder einer Gemeinschaft als absolut, unantastbar und nicht substituierbar angesehen werden. Da es bislang noch kein Messinstrument zur Erfassung von GW gibt, besteht das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit in der Entwicklung und ersten Validierung einer Geschutzten Werte Skala (GWS). Die in Studie 1 durchgefuhrten Analysen zur Uberprufung der Skalen und der Modellgute fallen zufrieden stellend aus. Im Sinne der diskriminativen Validitat kann gezeigt werden, dass sich GW von wichtigen Einstellungen abgrenzen. Fur die Validitat spricht auch die Bestatigung mehrerer postulierter Gruppenunterschiede. Der in Studie 2 vorgenommene Vergleich zwischen zwei Extremgruppen (Befurworter und Gegner der Gentechnologie) ergibt zusatzliche Anhaltspunkte zur Validitat und konzeptuellen Differenzierung zwischen GW und Einstellungswichtigkeit. Schlusselworter: Geschutzte Werte, Werte, Entscheidungen, Moral, Validitat Sacred Value Measure (SVM): Construction and validation of an instrument to assess sacred values