Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Repeated Cocaine Administration Attenuates Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor-Mediated Glutamate Release and Behavioral Activation: A Potential Role for Homer

The present study aimed to characterize a functional role for group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in the nucleus accumbens and the capacity of repeated cocaine to elicit long-term changes in group I mGluR function. Reverse dialysis of the group I agonist (RS)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) into the nucleus accumbens resulted in an increase in extracellular glutamate levels that was mediated by the mGluR1 subtype and depended on voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+conductance. At 3 weeks after discontinuing 1 week of daily cocaine injections, the capacity of DHPG to induce glutamate release was markedly reduced. Similarly, DHPG induced an mGluR1-dependent increase in locomotor activity after microinjection into the nucleus accumbens that was significantly blunted 3 weeks after repeated cocaine administration. Signaling through group I mGluRs is regulated, in part, by Homer proteins, and it was found that the blunting of group I mGluR-induced glutamate release and motor activity after repeated cocaine was associated with a reduction in Homer1b/c protein that was selective for the medial nucleus accumbens. These data show that repeated cocaine produces an enduring inhibition of the neurochemical and behavioral consequences of stimulating mGluR1 that is accompanied by changes in the mGluR scaffolding apparatus.
Larger Systems? Beyond a Dualistic Approach to the Process of Change

The power metaphor, the control desire and war-like language have been frequently used as a reference in the analysis and treatment of the supposed larger system. In discussing epistemological assumptions of this model, the authors illustrate how the most recent elaborations of systemic thinking allow for a different approach to the so-called larger system. The new perspectives they refer to: (a) affirm the observer-dependent nature of the system; (b) adopt an analysis model based on the autoreferential and constructivist rapport between theoretical framework, observer and system; (c) recognise that change is a function of the system’s structure; and (d) use a framework of categorisation based on complementarity. The new model of analysis and intervention emerging from this ecosystemic perspective is elaborated through a case-example.
Shame and self-acceptance in continued flux: Qualitative study of the embodied experience of significant weight loss and removal of resultant excess skin by plastic surgery

This study explored the embodied experience of body change using a qualitative design. Eight previous plastic surgery patients of a London hospital took part in in-depth, semi-structured interviews 1 year post a plastic surgery procedure to remove excess skin around their abdomen, resulting from weight loss. Participant interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Two sub-themes titled ‘Shame of the hidden body’ and ‘Lack of acceptance; the future focused body’ are presented in this article. Findings are considered in relation to theories of ‘Body Shame’ and in the current cultural context.
Phylogenetic relations among percid fishes as inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b DNA sequence data.

Hypotheses of relationship among genera of Percidae have been conflicting. Based on different phylogenetic premises, the evolution of small benthic forms in Percidae has been interpreted as resulting from either convergence or common ancestry. In order to assess various phylogenetic hypotheses of Percidae we collected complete sequences (1140 bp) of mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b for 21 species of percids. Seven species representing four additional families of Perciformes were used as outgroups. Maximum parsimony and minimum evolution analyses both recovered single shortest trees, and the results of these analyses were generally congruent with one another. All analyses consistently recovered three monophyletic groups in Percidae: Etheostomatinae (Ammocrypta, Crystallaria, Etheostoma, and Percina), Percinae (Perca and Gymnocephalus), and Luciopercinae (Stizostedion, Zingel, and Romanichthys). As a result of this analysis we present a revised classification of Percidae and discuss the phylogenetic evidence for the independent evolution of small benthic species within Etheostomatinae and Luciopercinae.
Evaluative Advice in Educational Counseling: The Use of Disagreement in the "Stepwise Entry" to Advice

This article analyzes advice giving in counseling within labor market training. A stepwise entry to advice has previously been studied in settings in which professionals display expert perspectives on "officially" recommended courses of action. In these settings, elicitation of the advisee's perspective enables the professional to fit their advice with it, create alignment between the perspectives, and minimize resistance. This article shows how the pattern works in a setting in which the counselor's role is that of a facilitator of learning; 2 variations of the pattern are discussed. The 1st shows how it is used to establish a point that justifies advice concerning the student's career-related decisions. The 2nd variation, the main focus, shows how the counselor uses the pattern to evaluate the student's plans, thus gaining an argumentatively advantageous position for the advice.
Phase I trial of an implanted battery-powered, programmable drug delivery system for continuous doxorubicin administration.

A second generation, implantable drug administration device (DAD, Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis) which contains a 20-mL drug reservoir, a lithium-thionyl-chloride battery, a peristaltic roller pump, a microprocessor circuit, and an acoustic transducer has entered clinical trials. After surgical placement, drug is entered into and removed from the DAD percutaneously through a Silastic "fill port" using a standard gauge needle and syringe. The pump is noninvasively programmed using a hand-held telemetry wand to administer the drug in a continuous infusion, bolus, or bolus-delay mode. Because of the apparent improved therapeutic index of continuous-infusion doxorubicin (CID), a phase I trial of the Medtronic DAD with CID was begun. Thirteen pumps in 13 patients have functioned for a median of 153 days (range, 11 to 395 days) with one pump still functioning. Four pumps ceased function at 170, 278, 331, and 370 days, respectively; there was a catheter-tip clot on one of the pumps that later malfunctioned. All other pumps functioned until the death of the respective patients. In 84 pump refills, without drug extravasation, the median drug delivery error (actual residual volume--calculated residual volume/calculated residual volume X 100%) was 14%. Doxorubicin was compatible with all components of the drug pathway and did not significantly decompose during two weeks in the drug reservoir. The starting dose of CID was 2.0 mg/m2/d and the maximum tolerated dose was 4.1 mg/m2/d (range, 3.5 to 5.5). A median cumulative doxorubicin dose of 244 mg/m2 per patient (range, 10 to 583 mg/m2) has been infused. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Children's labour in ethnic family businesses: The case of Chinese take‐away businesses in Britain

Abstract Reliance upon unpaid and committed family labour is said to make many ethnic businesses competitive. However, most analysts' references to this labour have not taken into account the nature of family members' and, in particular, children's work roles or the ways in which their labour is elicited and maintained. Here, the nature of children's labour participation in ethnic businesses is investigated in the case of families running Chinese take‐away businesses in Britain. This article focuses on how children in these families understand their often double‐edged experiences of ‘helping out’, as part of a ‘family work contract’, and on the ways in which families negotiate children's labour over time. Given these families' experiences of migration and ethnic minority status, I argue that Chinese children's work in take‐away businesses must be examined in relation to the intersections of family obligations and relationships, livelihood strategies and pressures, and issues of cultural identity.
Reluctant Partners, Problem Definition, and Legislative Intent: K-16 Policy for Latino College Success

Improving access to college for Latinos and other underrepresented minorities is a serious policy dilemma, particularly in states where they constitute large and growing numbers of the college-age population. Latinos as a group face numerous obstacles to college attendance, including a lack of knowledge about college and how to get there, inadequate financial resources, and the absence of adequate adult guidance for navigating the college choice and enrollment process. This article describes the separation between K-12 and postsecondary education that contributes to Latino students’ transition problems between levels. School-university collaboration and partnerships and early interventions activities have helped to mitigate such problems since the 1960s. A new form of interaction between levels, K-16 educational coordination, is described as a recent and increasingly popular policy strategy for addressing the problem. Texas is used to illustrate the development of such policy over five state legislative sessions and within the state’s race-neutral context.
Children's fear during procedural pain: preliminary investigation of the Children's Fear Scale.

UNLABELLED Many children consider getting a needle to be one of their most feared and painful experiences. Differentiating between a child's experience of fear and pain is critical to appropriate intervention. There is no gold standard one-item self-report measure of fear for use with children. OBJECTIVE To conduct an initial investigation of the psychometric properties of the Children's Fear Scale (CFS; based on the adult Faces Anxiety Scale) with young school-age children. METHOD Children and their parents were filmed during venipuncture and completed pain and fear ratings immediately after the procedure (n = 100) and 2 weeks later (n = 48). Behavioral coding of the procedures was conducted. RESULTS Support was found for interrater reliability (Time 1: rs = .51, p < .001) and test-retest reliability (rs = .76, p < .001) of the CFS for measuring children's fear during venipuncture. Assessment of construct validity revealed high concurrent convergent validity with another self-report measure of fear (Time 1: rs = .73, p < .001) and moderate discriminant validity (e.g., Time 1: rs = -.30, p < .005 with child coping behavior; rs = .41, p < .001 with child distress behavior). CONCLUSIONS The CFS holds promise for measuring pain-related fear in children. In addition to further investigation into the psychometric properties of the CFS during acute pain with a wider age range, future research could validate this measure in other contexts. The utility of a one-item measure of fear extends beyond the field of pediatric pain to other contexts including intervention for anxiety disorders and children in hospital.
Peer Review of Interdisciplinary Research Proposals

The peer review of research results submitted for journal publication raises elementary issues of fairness and reliability. ' Peer review of proposals to perform research in the future, however, is even more problematic. For many reasons, judging untested ideas is inherently more uncertain than evaluating completed work. Research has a way of evolving in directions that are unchartable in advance-certain data may prove unattainable, new discoveries by the researchers or by others may point to reorientation, or personnel may change. In a 1974 study, Grace Carter found that ratings of National Institutes of Health (NIH) initial grant applications were correlated with independent ratings of their later reapplications by a thin 0.4 (i.e., only 16% of the variance was accounted for by the other rating). 2 While this figure includes unreliability due to an independent rerating, it also reflects changes in the perception of the value of specific projects as research progresses. One National Science Foundation (NSF) proposal reviewer made special note of "exemplary staffing plans" of a proposal he evaluated.3 Ironically, that same project changed staff repeatedly to the extent that it was not possible even to identify a project leader. In essence, then, peer review of proposals is a difficult business. Peer review as a process has engendered strong
Emergent Notational Understanding: Educational Challenges From a Developmental Perspective

One of the most important goals in primary education is to guarantee literacy and numeracy, two crucial notational systems. Before schooling, children develop some fundamental knowledge on notations from which formal learning should depart. The literature has studied this knowledge, focusing on the development of notational production and interpretation, on the understanding of notational functions, and also on the development of the terminology to refer to the units of notations. The focus of this article is to analyze these in order to bridge the existing gap between research and practice. Five issues raised by the notational development literature that question well-established beliefs from which different practices may derive are discussed.
Improvement of accessibility for the disabled in university restaurants

Une etude a ete realisee en vue d’ameliorer l’acces des handicapes aux 19 restraurants universitaires de Valence en Espagne, puisque le taux des etudiants handicapes, ces trois dernieres annees universitaires, est de l’ordre de 0,12 a 0,13 %. Au debut de cette etude, 16 etablissements disposaient d’un acces correct avec un pourcentage de 87,5, 25 et 6,3 concernant respectivement les rampes, les ascenseurs et les balustrades. En outre, toutes les portes d´acces de ces etablissements etaient equipees des poignees a leviers, ou etaient concues de sorte qu’une prise serree et qu’une torsion du poignet ne soient pas necessaires. En revanche, la conception architecturale des autres etablissements n’etait pas adaptee a recevoir un public de personnes handicapees. A la suite de notre etude preliminaire, ces derniers ont installe des elevateurs pour rendre l’acces possible. L’amelioration d’accessibilite par des rampes, des ascenseurs, des balustrades et des elevateurs a permis d’eliminer les obstacles discriminatoires dans les infrastructures des restaurants, tout en assurant la securite des etudiants handicapes. En outre, des entretiens ont ete realises pour connaitre l’opinion des handicapes. Ces derniers, dans leur totalite, considerent que l’accessibilite des restaurants universitaires est meilleure qu’au debut de cette etude.
Markov Chain Monte Carlo Data Association for Multiple-Target Tracking

The remote control of the subcarrier phase at each of a plurality of television cameras is provided by a digital encoder located near a remote monitor and camera switching network location. The encoder transmits binary coded signals to a color subcarrier phase shifter in the separate cameras. For the coarse phase selection, a first binary code signal selects a tap point along a delay line. For fine phase selection, a second binary code signal is decoded to provide D.C. voltage amplitude levels. These D.C. voltage levels are applied to a pair of comparators. The output from the tapped delay line is also applied to the comparators. The phase of the output from the comparators is advanced or retarded in direct correspondence to the amplitude level and polarity of the D.C. voltages applied to the comparators.
Modelling inclusive practices in postgraduate tertiary education courses

This paper is a teaching reflection. It gives an account of the delivery of two courses dealing with inclusive education. Both were delivered via external mode at the postgraduate level (i.e. distance education including web‐based presentations and alternative resource delivery). While university education lecturers often talk about, and promote, Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and curriculum differentiation as the foundations of inclusive education, they do not appear to apply the relevant principle to their own teaching in tertiary education. The delivery of the two courses described herein was based upon UDL, curriculum differentiation and professional learning essentials. Overall, the participants reported gaining knowledge and skills in a flexible learning context that they were able to pass on to their own students in a variety of teaching‐learning settings.
Friction coefficients and grasp synthesis

We propose a new concept called friction sensitivity which measures how susceptible a specific grasp is to changes in the underlying friction coefficients. We develop algorithms for the synthesis of stable grasps with low friction sensitivity and for the synthesis of stable grasps in the case of small friction coefficients. We describe how grasps with low friction sensitivity can be used when a robot has an uncertain belief about friction coefficients and study the statistics of grasp quality under changes in those coefficients. We also provide a parametric estimate for the distribution of grasp qualities and friction sensitivities for a uniformly sampled set of grasps.
Digitally Savvy Citizenship: The Role of Internet Skills and Engagement in Young Adults' Political Participation around the 2008 Presidential Election

Popular narratives assume that digital media play a central role mobilizing voters and especially young adults. Based on unique survey data of a diverse group or young adults from Spring, 2009, we consider the relationship between differentiated internet uses, and online and offline political engagement around the time of the 2008 U.S. presidential election. Thanks to our rich data set, we are able to consider both online and offline activities while taking into consideration more traditional measures. Our findings suggest that online forms of political engagement complement offline engagement. The pathways to young adults' political participation remain relatively stable. We also find an association between Internet skills, social network site usage and greater levels of engagement. These findings imply that although Internet usage alone is unlikely to transform existing patterns in political participation radically, it may facilitate the creation of new pathways for engagement.
Soft assistive robot for personal care of elderly people

The authors focus on the possibility to adapt technologies and basic concepts of Soft Robotics for building a new generation of soft modular manipulator for assistive robotics that can safely come into direct contact with humans in a challenging scenario which is the bathing activity. This paper starts with the presentation of the concept of the modular manipulator and then moves toward a detailed description of one of its modules. The idea is to develop a manipulator which counts on an actuation system based on McKibben-based flexible fluidic actuators combined with motor driven cables, by addressing technological issues related to effectiveness and reliability. Shortening, elongation and bending capabilities have been assessed by testing different patterns of activations. These measures allowed the estimation of the single module performances and its workspace. These outcomes represent the starting point for the development of a novel modular manipulator to be used as a shower arm for bathing activities.
Vision based 3-D position control for a robot arm

This paper presents a 3-D position control for a robot arm. The system contains a fabricated robot arm, a pair of charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras, and a computer. The inverse kinematics (IK) concept is utilized to manipulate the robot arm. The two-CCD vision geometry is utilized to measure the practical 3-D position of the robot arm's tip. Furthermore, a fuzzy position error compensator is added to adjust the target position for the IK technique such that the position accuracy can be guaranteed. The experimental results demonstrate that the robot arm can position its tip at the desired position accurately.
Sustainable Schools: Renovating Educational Processes

This article discusses findings from a recent evaluation of the experiences of six Sustainable Schools engaged in Stormwater Action Project in terms of their achievement of educational, environmental, economic, and social indicators of quality education. It also discusses the change strategies of the Sustainable Schools initiative within the broader context of quality education for a sustainable future, and the relationship between visions of environmental education/education for sustainable development and visions of quality education. The article concludes that Sustainable Schools is a most appropriate strategy for renovating educational processes and achieving quality education.
Phase-transient Hierarchical Turbulence as an Energy Correlation Generator of Blazar Light Curves

Hierarchical turbulent structure constituting a jet is considered to reproduce energy-dependent variability in blazars, particularly, the correlation between X- and gamma-ray light curves measured in the TeV blazar Markarian 421. The scale-invariant filaments are featured by the ordered magnetic fields that involve hydromagnetic fluctuations serving as electron scatterers for diffusive shock acceleration, and the spatial size scales are identified with the local maximum electron energies, which are reflected in the synchrotron spectral energy distribution (SED) above the near-infrared/optical break. The structural transition of filaments is found to be responsible for the observed change of spectral hysteresis.
Pathway Evidence of How Musical Perception Predicts Word-Level Reading Ability in Children with Reading Difficulties

Objective To investigate whether specific domains of musical perception (temporal and melodic domains) predict the word-level reading skills of eight- to ten-year-old children (n = 235) with reading difficulties, normal quotient of intelligence, and no previous exposure to music education classes. Method A general-specific solution of the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA), which underlies a musical perception construct and is constituted by three latent factors (the general, temporal, and the melodic domain), was regressed on word-level reading skills (rate of correct isolated words/non-words read per minute). Results General and melodic latent domains predicted word-level reading skills.
Hearing Aids and the Brain

At the heart of most rehabilitation programs for people with hearing loss is the use of amplification. The purpose of hearing aid amplification is to improve a person's access to sound. Depending on the degree and configuration of the individual's hearing loss, the hearing aid is tasked with increasing sound levels at different frequency regions to ensure that incoming speech frequencies are reaching the ear at sufficient levels to compensate for the individual's hearing loss. However, a perceptual event is dependent not only on the audibility of the signal at the level of the ear, but also on how that sound is biologically coded, integrated, and used. As described by Tremblay and Miller in this special issue, this complex ear-brain neural network system starts with sound leaving the hearing aid. At this stage the acoustics of the amplified signal has been altered by the hearing aid. It is this modified signal that is being encoded at subsequent stages of processing: the ear, brainstem, midbrain, and the cortex. The integrity of the signal, and the biological codes, are therefore assumed to contribute to the resultant perceptual event and it is for this reason that the brain can be considered an essential component to rehabilitation. Yet, little is known about how the brain processes amplified sound or how it contributes to perception and the successful use of hearing aid amplification (see Figure 1).