Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiple Target Tracking with RF Sensor Networks

RF sensor networks are wireless networks that can localize and track people (or targets) without needing them to carry or wear any electronic device. They use the change in the received signal strength (RSS) of the links due to the movements of people to infer their locations. In this paper, we consider real-time multiple target tracking with RF sensor networks. We apply radio tomographic imaging (RTI), which generates images of the change in the propagation field, as if they were frames of a video. Our RTI method uses RSS measurements on multiple frequency channels on each link, combining them with a fade level-based weighted average. We introduce methods, inspired by machine vision and adapted to the peculiarities of RTI, that enable accurate and real-time multiple target tracking. Several tests are performed in an open environment, a one-bedroom apartment, and a cluttered office environment. The results demonstrate that the system is capable of accurately tracking in real-time up to four targets in cluttered indoor environments, even when their trajectories intersect multiple times, without mis-estimating the number of targets found in the monitored area. The highest average tracking error measured in the tests is 0.45 m with two targets, 0.46 m with three targets, and 0.55 m with four targets.
Fabrication and Yield of Large-Area Quantum-Well Modulators

Large-area InP-based multiple quantum-well modulators were grown by molecular beam epitaxy and fabricated for free-space optical communication. The 6times6 mm devices were fabricated as pixilated 6times6 element arrays of 1times1 mm each. Transmission contrast of 3 dB was obtained with 15-V bias. Reverse bias leakage was measured across the arrays to obtain yield information. Yield was determined to be 92% of pixels with less than 300 A leakage at 15 V. Thus, we conclude these devices may be manufactured to operate at a single wavelength, that is, temperature stabilized. However, yield decreased greatly at larger biases which are required to achieve greater shifts of the exciton and wider wavelength range, which translates into wider temperature range. Thus, with the semiconductor material used here, finer pixilation would be required, or defect count must be reduced, to operate without temperature stabilization.
Desarrollo cerebral y asunción de riesgos durante la adolescencia

Recently, the use in neuroscience research of Magnetic Resonance Imaging has generated very interesting data about changes in the brain during the years of adolescence. Those changes occur mainly in the prefrontal cortex, a brain region, involved in many cognitive processes, that experiences an important development after puberty and which does not mature fully until early adulthood. Also, the mesolimbic dopamine reward circuitry experiences significant changes due to hormonal activity during puberty. As a consequence of those changes, during early adolescence arises a lack of balance between the cognitive and motivational brain systems. This imbalance could create a certain vulnerability during adolescence that justify the increase in some behaviours such as impulsivity and risk-taking. Those finding and some practical applications for education and social policy are presented and discussed.
Mouse renal 4T1 cell engraftment as a model to study the influence of hypoxia in breast cancer progression.

PURPOSE To develop a mouse model to study the influence of hypoxia in breast cancer progression and metastasis. METHODS The 4T1 cell line was used to engraft the kidneys of female BALB/c mice. Placing an aneurysm clip on the kidney hilum, hypoxia can be directed to tumor site. Histological evaluation was used to analyze the morphological changes induced by ischemia in kidney cortex, and to verify the metastatic potential. RESULTS 4T1 cells can be engrafted into the renal cortex and the renal ischemia caused by using a clip to clamp the renal hilum induces hypoxia at the tumor site. This procedure maintains the ability of 4T1 cells to metastasize. In fact, our preliminary results showed that tumor hypoxia precipitates the metastatic dissemination of tumor cells. After 14 days of engraftment, lung metastases were observed only in mice that were subjected to tumor hypoxia. CONCLUSION This model can help us to understand how low oxygen tension mediates hypoxia-induced proteomic and genomic changes in breast cancer.
KEPEMIMPINAN KOMUNITAS KALI CODE DALAM MENGGERAKKAN MODAL SOSIAL

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali informasi dan data mengenai kepemimpinan komunitas Kali Code pasca Romo Mangun dalam menggerakkan modal sosial, untuk keberlanjutan pembangunan pemukiman Kali Code Ledok Gondolayu Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini memakai pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah para mantan pimpinan komunitas pasca Romo Mangun termasuk bapak RT yang bertugas saat ini. Untuk keabsahan data dipakai teknik trianggulasi sumber, yaitu meng­-crossceck­ data yang diperoleh dari para informan kepada pihak lain dalam hal ini anggota masyarakat dan tokoh masyarakat yang menjadi anggota komunitas Kali Code. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan komunitas Kali Code, semuanya melanjutkan cara dan gaya kepemimpinan yang telah dilaksanakan oleh Romo Mangun, yaitu menanamkan rasa kebersamaan dan kemandirian warga untuk kepentingan bersama. Peran pemimpin dalam menggerakkan modal sosial sangat besar. Pemimpin berdiri di depan memberi keteladanan dan ikut langsung memimpin dan mengarahkan aktivitas. Para pemimpin ini memiliki sikap tegas, namun dalam menggerakkan warga, pemimpin umumnya bersikap persuasif dan mampu menjelaskan manfaat usaha mereka untuk kebaikan bersama. Tipe kepemimpinan mereka kharismatik, yang bersumber dari kepribadian mereka yang sangat dihormati oleh para warga. Sehingga warga rela mengikuti semua yang diarahkan para pimpinan tersebut, dengan demikian modal sosial warga mudah untuk digerakkan
Planar F-shaped monopole antenna with dual-band circular polarization for WLAN systems

A novel planar dual-band monopole antenna with circular polarization (CP) operation is proposed. By appropriately introducing an inverted L-shaped strip-sleeve shorted at the ground plane, the proposed dual-band CP design can easily be achieved with the impedance bandwidth (RL ≥10 dB) of about 1932/339 MHz and the 3 dB axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth of about 250/360 MHz for 2.4/5.2 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. The measured peak gain and radiation efficiency are about 3.6/4.5 dBic and 97/65 % across the operating bands, respectively, with nearly bidirectional patterns in the XZ- and YZ-planes.
Evaluation of Periprosthetic Bone-Remodeling After Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty: The Influence of the Extent of Porous Coating*

Background: Total hip arthroplasty changes the levels of stress within the proximal part of the femur, and the femur remodels adjacent to the prosthesis. The stem size and the initial bone-mineral density around the distal portion of the stem affect postoperative bone-remodeling after the insertion of a fully porous-coated metal-cancellous prosthesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the extent of porous coating of this prosthesis on femoral bone-remodeling. Methods: A longitudinal examination of sixty-one hips in fifty-four patients was performed. Thirty-one hips in twenty-seven patients with a fully porous-coated stem (Group A) and thirty hips in twenty-seven patients with a proximally porous-coated stem (Group B) were followed for twenty-four to thirty months. Periprosthetic bone-mineral density was measured with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at specific intervals after the operation. Results: In both groups, the greatest loss of bone-mineral density, compared with the initial (three-week) value, was approximately 20 percent in zone 7 at twelve to eighteen months. In other zones, bone-remodeling appeared to cease by twelve months. At the last follow-up evaluation, the loss of bone-mineral density in the distal and middle regions in Group A was significantly greater than that in Group B (p < 0.01 for zone 3 and p < 0.05 for zone 6). In contrast, with the numbers available, there were no significant differences in loss of bone-mineral density in the proximal regions (zones 1 and 7) between the two groups at any follow-up period. Conclusions: The extent of porous coating affects bone-remodeling in the distal periprosthetic region rather than in the proximal region. The results in the present report are specific to the particular implants that were studied.
BELIEFS: WHAT LIES BEHIND THE MIRROR?

The book arose from a working conference held in Oberwolfach in 1999. The task was to come to grips with beliefs and their role in the teaching and learning of mathematics. The first stumbling block is to work out what beliefs actually are, and where they fit into an entire alphabet of associated interlinked terms: A is for attitudes, affect, aptitude, and aims; B is for beliefs; C is for constructs, conceptions, and concerns; D is for demeanor and dispositions; E is for emotions, empathies, and expectations; F is for feelings; G is for goals and gatherings; H is for habits and habitus; I is for intentions, interests, and intuitions; J is for justifications and judgements; K is for knowing; L is for leanings; M is for meaning-to; N is for norms; O is for orientations and objectives; P is for propensities, perspectives, and predispositions; Q is for quirks and quiddity; R is for recognitions and resonances; S is for sympathies and sensations; T is for tendencies and truths; U is for understandings and undertakings; V is for values and views; W is for wishes, warrants, words, and weltanschauung; X is for xenophilia (perhaps); Y is for yearnings and yens; and Z is for zeitgeist and zeal. (Mason, 2004, p. 347)
Analysis of Two-Period Supply Chain Game Based on Long-Term Strategy

The supply chain considered includes one supplier and one retailer. Each of them adopts long-term strategy, i.e., they maximize their own sum of profit in a two-period decision horizon. The model assumes that the estimation of distribution of the demand can be updated over time via the realization of sales. The optimal strategies for both supplier and retailer are acquired by analyzing the model under centralized and decentralized system. The activity of updating the demand information helps both supplier and retailer to increase their profit, and the retailer's profit increment is larger.
Ovarian Cancer: In Search of Better Marker Systems Based on DNA Repair Defects

Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common female cancer in the Western world, and the deadliest gynecological malignancy. The overall poor prognosis for ovarian cancer patients is a consequence of aggressive biological behavior and a lack of adequate diagnostic tools for early detection. In fact, approximately 70% of all patients with epithelial ovarian cancer are diagnosed at advanced tumor stages. These facts highlight a significant clinical need for reliable and accurate detection methods for ovarian cancer, especially for patients at high risk. Because CA125 has not achieved satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in detecting ovarian cancer, numerous efforts, including those based on single and combined molecule detection and “omics” approaches, have been made to identify new biomarkers. Intriguingly, more than 10% of all ovarian cancer cases are of familial origin. BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations are the most common genetic defects underlying hereditary ovarian cancer, which is why ovarian cancer risk assessment in developed countries, aside from pedigree analysis, relies on genetic testing of BRCA1 and BRCA2. Because not only BRCA1 and BRCA2 but also other susceptibility genes are tightly linked with ovarian cancer-specific DNA repair defects, another possible approach for defining susceptibility might be patient cell-based functional testing, a concept for which support came from a recent case-control study. This principle would be applicable to risk assessment and the prediction of responsiveness to conventional regimens involving platinum-based drugs and targeted therapies involving poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors.
The Long Slump

In a market-clearing economy, declines in demand from one sector do not cause large declines in aggregatge output because other sectors expand. The key price mediating the response is the interest rate. A decline in the rate stimulates all categories of spending. But in a low-inflation economy, the room for a decline in the rate is small, because of the notorious lower limit of zero on the nominal interest rate. In the Great Depression, substantial deflation caused the real interest rate to reach high levels. In the Great Slump that began at the end of 2007, low inflation resulted in an only slightly negative real rate when full employment called for a much lower real rate because of declines in demand. Fortunately the inflation rate hardly responded to conditions in product and labor markets, else deflation might have occurred, with an even higher real interest rate. I concentrate on three closely related sources of declines in demand: the buildup of excess stocks of housing and consumer durables, the corresponding expansion of consumer debt that financed the buildup, and financial frictions that resulted from the decline in real-estate prices.
Facilitating Posttraumatic Growth: A Clinician's Guide

Contents: Preface. Trauma and Growth: Processes and Outcomes. Case Examples of Posttraumatic Growth. The Process of Encouraging Posttraumatic Growth: An Overview. Helping Clients Develop New Views of Vulnerability and Strength. Helping Clients Make Changes in Relationships. Helping Clients Toward Philosophical and Spiritual Growth. Posttraumatic Growth: Issues for Clinicians. Resources for Clinicians and Clients.
Lazy Evaluation and Subsumption Caching for Search-Based Integrated Task and Motion Planning

—State of the art classical planning systems can efﬁciently solve large symbolic problem instances. Applying classical planning techniques to robotics is possible by integrating geometric reasoning in the planning process. The problems that are solvable in this way are signiﬁcantly smaller than purely logical formulations as many costly geometric calculations are requested by a planner. Therefore we aim to avoid those calculations while preserving correctness. We address this problem with efﬁcient caching techniques. Subsumption caching avoids costly computations by caching geometric queries and beyond answering the same queries also considers less or more constrained ones. Additionally, we describe a lazy evaluation technique that pushes applicability checks for successor states performing geometric queries to a later point. As we are interested in the performance of our planner not as a standalone component, but as part of an intelligent robotic system, we evaluate those techniques embedded in an integrated system during real-world mobile manipulation experiments.
Computational Logic by Ulrich Berger and Helmut Schwichtenberg, editors, Springer-Verlag, 1999, 444 pp.

This volume is based on the lectures given at the Marktoberdorf 1997 summer school, with chapters covering a range of topics of which some (but not all) will be of interest to functional programmers. Abramsky and McCusker begin the book with an introduction to recent work on application of game semantics to programming languages. The essential problem here is that traditional semantic techniques fail to characterise the computational processes that arise in computing functions of a language such as PCF. Game semantics offers solutions, here given for PCF and its extensions with state and control; other aspects such as recursive types have been covered elsewhere, and current work is addressing other features such as concurrency. Aczel's chapter on the simply typed lambda calculus is a very clear exposition of standard material, covering first the three standard kinds of inference system for implicational logic, then the untyped lambda calculus, and finally, the Curry style version of the typed calculus, i.e. that consisting of rules for typing untyped terms, rather than Church style, for forming terms that bear type annotations. The main novelties here are (i) a precise definition of the notion of 'formal system', (ii) the use of an infinite set U that equals the set U u of all unary functions on itself, with a conjecture that although this is inconsistent with classical set theory, it is consistent with an intuitionistic theory of non-well-founded sets, and (iii) a general framework for weak and strong normalisation proofs. Barendregt briefly presents the basic background on pure type systems, including his well-known cube of such systems, i.e. fragments of the calculus of constructions presented in a uniform fashion, followed by an interesting collection of exercises. Benl and Schwichtenberg discuss the formal correctness of functional programs. Among the various options, (1) of representing an algorithm by a term and proving its correctness w.r. t. a specification, (2) of extracting a program from a constructive existence proof, and (3) of using a non-constructive existence proof, either directly or after constructivisation (e.g. by Friedman's A-translation), the authors choose a combination of (1) and (2). Dijkstra's algorithm for computing shortest paths in a weighted graph is used as a case study. Buss gives a detailed introduction to the complexity of several propositional proof systems, including those based on cutting planes, and of Craig interpolations. As is well known, these are topics with connections to questions such as P …
Liquefaction Resistance of Soils: Summary Report from the 1996 NCEER and 1998 NCEER/NSF Workshops on Evaluation of Liquefaction Resistance of Soils

Following disastrous earthquakes in Alaska and in Niigata, Japan in 1964, Professors H. B. Seed and I. M. Idriss developed and published a methodology termed the ''simplified procedure'' for evaluating liquefaction resistance of soils. This procedure has become a standard of practice throughout North America and much of the world. The methodology which is largely empirical, has evolved over years, primarily through summary papers by H. B. Seed and his colleagues. No general review or update of the procedure has occurred, however, since 1985, the time of the last major paper by Professor Seed and a report from a National Research Council workshop on liquefaction of soils. In 1996 a workshop sponsored by the National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (NCEER) was convened by Professors T. L. Youd and I. M. Idriss with 20 experts to review developments over the previous 10 years. The purpose was to gain consensus on updates and augmen- tations to the simplified procedure. The following topics were reviewed and recommendations developed: (1) criteria based on standard penetration tests; (2) criteria based on cone penetration tests; (3) criteria based on shear-wave velocity measurements; (4) use of the Becker penetration test for gravelly soil; (4) magnitude scaling factors; (5) correction factors for overburden pressures and sloping ground; and (6) input values for earthquake magnitude and peak acceleration. Probabilistic and seismic energy analyses were reviewed but no recommen- dations were formulated.
C-Band Radiometric Response to Rainfall Events in the Subtropical Chaco Forest

In this letter, multitemporal signatures collected by Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) over the dry forest of Chaco, located in North Argentina, are analyzed. The forest has a biomass of about 100 t/ha and a woody volume of about 120 m3/ha. A clear increase of polarization index at C-band is observed after intense rain events in two different locations. Simulations of a discrete model attribute this effect to variations of soil moisture and predict an effect comparable with the measured one. Results indicate that there is a potential to monitor soil moisture variations below dry forests with moderate biomass, also in view of the forthcoming availability of L-band data.
Energy-efficient resource allocation in heterogeneous network with cross-tier interference constraint

Heterogeneous network (HetNet) has been investigated as a promising technique for enhancing the coverage and reducing the transmit power consumption, which has emerged as a candidate for green communications. In this paper, the energy-efficient resource allocation problem for HetNet is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem which takes into account the minimum data rate requirement, practical power model and cross-tier interference constraint. The problem is transformed into an equivalent form which can be solved by an iterative algorithm. The dual decomposition method is utilized in each iteration to obtain the closed-form solution for the optimal power and resource block allocation. The energy efficiency of the pico base station can be maximized by the proposed algorithm, although the constraint on the cross-tier interference restricts the transmit power on each resource block to fulfill the quality of service (QoS) requirement of the macro users. Simulation results are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of the achievable spectrum and energy efficiency under different cross-tier interference constraints.
Facilitation and the niche: implications for coexistence, range shifts and ecosystem functioning

Summary Viewing facilitation through the lens of the niche concept is one way to unify conceptual and empirical advances about the role of facilitation in community ecology. We clarify conceptually and through examples from marine and terrestrial environments how facilitation can expand species’ niches and consider how these interactions can be scaled up to understand the importance of facilitation in setting a species’ geographic range. We then integrate the niche-broadening influence of facilitation into current conceptual areas in ecology, including climate change, diversity maintenance and the relationship between diversity and ecosystem functioning. Because facilitation can influence the range of physical conditions under which a species can persist, it has the potential to mitigate the effects of climate change on species distributions. Whereas facilitation has mostly been considered as a diversity-promoting interaction by ameliorating abiotic stresses, if facilitated species’ niches expand and become less distinct as a result of habitat amelioration, the forces that maintain diversity and promote coexistence in regions or habitats dominated by the facilitator could be reduced (i.e. the sign of the effects of facilitation on populations could be species-specific). Finally, shifting or broadening ecological niches could alter the relationship between diversity and ecosystem functioning. A niche-based perspective on the effects of facilitation can foster a greater mechanistic understanding of the role played by facilitation in regulating species coexistence, range shifts and ecosystem functioning in a changing world.
Variability in College Student Suicide

ABSTRACT The research on college student suicide is discussed, with emphasis on variability in base rates, the operating assumptions regarding reported base rates, and methodological difficulties in studying suicide. Variability in suicide among schools and among different types of students is examined, and the effects of changing demographics and cultural influences on rates and patterns of college student suicide and suicidality are reviewed. Recommendations for therapists and others promoting mental health on campus are made, suggestions for future research are outlined, and the need for required reporting of suicide statistics is asserted.