Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interpolation, Outliers and Inverse Autocorrelations

The paper addresses the problem of estimating missing observations in linear, possibly nonstationary, stochastic processes when the model is known. The general case of any possible distribution of missing observations in the time series is considered, and analytical expressions for the optimal estimators and their associated mean squared errors are obtained. These expressions involve solely the elements of the inverse or dual autocorrelation function of the series. This optimal estimator -the conditional expectation of the missing observations given the available ones-is equal oto the estimator that results from filling the missing values in the series with arbitrary numbers, treating these numbers as additive outliers, and removing the outlier effects from the invented numbers using intervention analysis.
Finite-difference time-domain algorithm for solving Maxwell's equations in rotationally symmetric geometries

In this paper, an efficient finite-difference time-domain algorithm (FDTD) is presented for solving Maxwell's equations with rotationally symmetric geometries. The azimuthal symmetry enables us to employ a two-dimensional (2-D) difference lattice by projecting the three-dimensional (3-D) Yee-cell in cylindrical coordinates (r, /spl phi/, z) onto the r-z plane. Extensive numerical results have been derived for various cavity structures and these results have been compared with those available in the literature. Excellent agreement has been observed for all of the cases investigated.
Measurements of pollution in the troposphere (MOPITT) instrument

With increasing awareness of the potential for changes in the earth's environment through natural and artificial mechanisms comes an enhanced desire to globally monitor more regions of the atmosphere. The chemical state of the troposphere is recognized as a significant area, although one where it is extremely difficult to make measurements due to the interfering effects of clouds and the nearby surface. The measurements of pollution in the troposphere (MOPITT) instrument uses the principle of correlation spectroscopy to measure carbon monoxide (CO) amounts at three levels in the troposphere utilizing thermal radiation at 4.7 micrometers and the total column amount of CO and methane (CH4) using reflected sunlight around 2.4 micrometers . The MOPITT instrument will fly on the AM-1 platform of NASA's Earth observing system (EOS) program in mid-1998. The instrument is being funded by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and the data processing by NASA. MOPITT has an international science team with members from Canada, the USA, and the UK.
A Conservation Law for Small-Amplitude Quasi-Geostrophic Disturbances on a Zonally Asymmetric Basic Flow

Abstract A quadratic conservation law is derived for small-amplitude quasi-geostrophic disturbances on a wavy basic state. The law may be useful for describing the three-dimensional propagation of disturbances on time-averaged flows. This parallels the use of the generalized Eliassen-Palm theorem in the description of waves propagating on zonally-averaged flows.
An h‐p‐ multigrid method for finite element analysis

The finite element method generates solutions to partial differential equations by minimizing a strain energy based functional. Strain energy based techniques for adaptive mesh refinements are not always effective, however. The adaptive refinement technique proposed in this paper uses strain energy but also incorporates advantages from the h- and p- finite element methods, the multigrid method and a Delaunay based mesh generation method. The refinement technique converged rapidly and was numerically efficient when applied to determining stress concentrations around the circular hole of a thick plate under tension.
On the enumerative geometry of triangles

A triangle , in the sense of Schubert [1], is an entity in the plane S 2 consisting of (a) an ordered triad of points ( P 1 , P 2 , P 3 ); (b) an ordered triad of lines ( l 1 , l 2 , l 3 ) connected with the points P i by the incidence relations P i ⊂ l j ( i ≠ j ); and (c) a three base-point net Φof conies with the P i as base-points.
Short Title: Growth and fermentation coupling on anaerobic xylose

22 Organisms have evolved elaborate physiological pathways that regulate growth, proliferation, 23 metabolism, and stress response. These pathways must be properly coordinated to elicit the 24 appropriate response to an ever-changing environment. While individual pathways have been 25 well studied in a variety of model systems, there remains much to uncover about how pathways 26 are integrated to produce systemic changes in a cell, especially in dynamic conditions. We 27 previously showed that deletion of Protein Kinase A (PKA) regulatory subunit BCY1 can 28 decouple growth and metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae engineered for anaerobic xylose 29 fermentation, allowing for robust fermentation in the absence of division. This provides an 30 opportunity to understand how PKA signaling normally coordinates these processes. Here, we 31 integrated transcriptomic, lipidomic, and phosphor-proteomic responses upon a glucose to 32 xylose shift across a series of strains with different genetic mutations promoting either coupled 33 or decoupled xylose-dependent growth and metabolism. Together, results suggested that 34 defects in lipid homeostasis limit growth in the bcy1∆ strain despite robust metabolism. To 35 further understand this mechanism, we performed adaptive laboratory evolutions to re-evolve 36 coupled growth and metabolism in the bcy1∆ parental strain. Genetic mutations in PKA subunit 37 TPK1 and lipid regulator OPI1, among other genes underscored a role for lipid homeostasis, 38 which was further supported by evolved changes in lipid profiles and gene expression. We 39 suggest several models for how cells coordinate growth, metabolism, and other responses in 40 budding yeast and how restructuring these processes enables anaerobic xylose utilization. 41 42 Author Summary 43 All organisms utilize an energy source to generate the cellular resources needed to grow and 44 divide. These individual processes have been well study, but the coordination and crosstalk 45 between the process is not well understood. To study growth and metabolism coupling, we used 46 a yeast strain that was genetically engineered to ferment the sugar xylose but lacked growth on 47 . CC-BY 4.0 International license available under a (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted December 29, 2022. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12. 28.522075 doi: bioRxiv preprint
Consumer preferences for GM food and other attributes of the food system

While qualitative surveys regarding consumers' attitudes about gene technologies and their application to food production are plentiful, quantitative studies are less so. The present paper reports choice modelling methods to examine the conditions under which Australian consumers are willing to purchase genetically modified (GM) foods, if at all, and examines those preferences within the context of the food system as a whole. This allows us to compare consumer attitudes towards gene technology to consumer preferences for other features of the food they consume. The results of the choice modelling analysis suggest consumers require a discount on their weekly food bill before they will purchase GM food. Gene technology using animal as well as plant genes was found to be more objectionable to respondents than that using plant genes alone, especially among women. Age seems to affect the preferences for a certain type of food, with older people generally more accepting of the use of gene technology. Copyright Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society Inc. and Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2003.
Predicting the Length of Magnetic Cycles in Late-Type Stars

In this paper we present a modification of a local approximation of the so-called interface dynamo in an attempt to reproduce the length of the magnetic cycles for a sample of late-type stars. The sample consists of 25 stars, observed during the Mount Wilson and Las Campanas long-term monitoring campaigns, for which well-defined cycles have been detected. We have focused our efforts on reproducing general trends observed, namely, the dependence of the cycle length, Pcyc, on the stellar rotation period, Prot, rather than attempting to infer from the dynamo model individual cycle lengths for each star. In spite of the simplicity of the model, the results are promising. The trend of increasing cycle length with increasing rotation period is reproduced with a minimum of assumptions.
Subnanosecond Tunable Ultraviolet Pulse Generation from a Low-Q, Short-Cavity Ce:LiCAF Laser

We have developed an all-solid-state tunable ultraviolet laser system employing recently developed Ce:LiCAF, a new degradation-free tunable ultraviolet laser medium pumped by the fourth harmonic of a conventional Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The low-Q, short-cavity Ce:LiCAF laser produced satellite-free subnanosecond pulses in a tuning range of 281 nm to 297 nm under appropriate pumping-fluence control.
CONICA design, performance and final laboratory tests

CONICA has been developed by a German consortium under an ESO contract, to serve together with the VLT adaptive optics system NAOS as a high resolution multimode NIR camera and spectrograph. We report on final laboratory performance tests carried out during the integration period with the adaptive optics. Apart from an outline of the capabilities of this multimode instrument such as high resolution imaging, spectroscopy, Fabry-Perot and a sophisticated internal flexure compensation, we will turn our attention to a detailed examination of the detector characteristics to fully exploit the potential of the ALADDIN array.
Analytical Solution of the Type IV Shock Interaction

An analytical model for the type IV shock interaction in high Mach number, calorically perfect air is developed. The model solves the e owe eld around the transmitted shock, using the oblique shock relations, and the e ow inside the jet, using Prandtl ‐ Meyer waves. The length of the transmitted shock and jet geometry are derived explicitly by calculating the shape of the bow shocks using a continuity methodology. Unlike previous analytical methods, no empirical or experimental data on the interaction are required. The model for the jet impingement gives a prediction for the location and value of the peak pressure on the cylinder. Comparison with experimental results shows good agreement for the impingement location, peak pressure, and shock shapes, and the calculation is performed very quickly with minimal computing resources. A parametric study is conducted, demonstrating the variation of key interaction results such as peak pressure, impingement location and lengths of the transmitted shock, and the terminating shock of the jet, as a result of impinging shock location and strength, freestream Mach number, or cylinder radius. Many trends between the dependent and independent variables in this study were apparent, providing useful and insightful results for design purposes.
Optimization in the Face of Contradictory Criteria – the Example of Muscle

Abstract Biological thought suggests that organisms tend toward optimal design through evolution. This optimization should be evident in the physiology of organs and organ systems. However, a given organ often has multiple roles to play in the optimization of the organism, and sometimes the logical optimization criteria for the different roles may be contradictory. In this paper we consider the case of skeletal muscle. One of its obvious functions is movement of the organism, for which efficiency is clearly a goal. However, muscle is also important for temperature regulation through shivering. In this latter function muscle should produce heat; i.e. it should be maximally inefficient. The thermodynamic optimizations desired for these two roles appear diametrically opposed. We show a way out of this dilemma by constructing a simple, physiologically motivated model of the contraction-relaxation cycle of muscle. This model muscle can be both an efficient mover in a ‘purposeful contraction’ regime, characterized by large movements of low frequency, and a good heat producer in a distinct ‘shivering’ regime characterized by small movements of high frequency.
Radio Imaging Of Launch Vehicles And Payloads

We study analytically the detection and tracking of rockets and payloads by microwave or millimeter-wave passive radio temperature measurements, using radio astronomical tech-niques. Such targets may be viewed from synchronous equatorial orbit against either the warm earth or cold sky as background. Their observability depends on the temperature difference between target and background. Simultaneous measurements of output power of multiple antenna beams are processed by spatial filters, to yield a reconstructed image. The image model consists of multiple point targets, viewed against a uniform background. We assume stationary targets in the present work. For background measurements of the warm earth without targets, or for multiple targets that are not well-resolved, Wiener spatial filters are appropriate. In contrast, the best linear processor for well-resolved targets uses matched spatial filters. We relate the system performance to the target, background, antenna, and receiver parameters, for these different types of linear processors.
A Driver Modeling Based on the Preview-Follower Theory and the Jerky Dynamics

Based on the preview optimal simple artificial neural network driver model (POSANN), a new driver model, considering jerky dynamics and the tracing error between the real track and the planned path, is established. In this paper, the modeling for the driver-vehicle system is firstly described, and the relationship between weighting coefficients of driver model and system parameters is examined through test data. Secondly, the corresponding road test results are presented in order to verify the vehicle model and obtain the information on drive model and vehicle parameters. Finally, the simulations are carried out via CarSim. Simulation results indicate that the jerky dynamics need to be considered and the proposed new driver model can achieve a better path-following performance compared with the POSANN driver model.
Building a chain of high-speed VNFs in no time: Invited Paper

To cope with the growing performance needs of appliances in datacenters or the network edge, current middle-box functionalities such as firewalls, NAT, DPI, content-aware optimizers or load-balancers are often implemented on multiple (perhaps virtual) machines. In this work, we design a system able to run a pipeline of VNFs with a high level of parallelism to handle many flows. We provide the user facilities to define the traffic class of interest for the VNF, a definition of session to group the packets such as the TCP 4-tuples, and the amount of space per sessions. The system will then synthesize the classification and build a unique, efficient flow table. We build an abstract view of flows and use it to implement support for seamless inspection and modification of the content of any flow (such as TCP or HTTP), automatically reflecting a consistent view, across layers, of flows modified on-the-fly. Our prototype gives rise to a user-space software NFV data-plane enabling easy implementation of middlebox functionalities, as well as the deployment of complex scenarios. Our prototype implementation is able to handle our testbed limit of −34 Gbps of HTTP requests (for 8-KB files) through a service chain of multiples stateful VNFs, on a single Xeon core.
Mathematical analysis for reservoir models

In the first part of this paper, the mathematical analysis is presented in detail for the single-phase, miscible displacement of one fluid by another in a porous medium. It is shown that initial boundary value problems with various boundary conditions for this miscible displacement possess a weak solution under physically reasonable hypotheses on the data. In the second part of this paper, it is proven how the analysis can be extended to two-phase fluid flow and transport equations in a porous medium. The flow equations are written in a fractional flow formulation so that a degenerate elliptic-parabolic partial differential system is produced for a global pressure and a saturation. This degenerate system is coupled to a parabolic transport equation which models the concentration of one of the fluids. The analysis here does not utilize any regularized problem; a weak solution is obtained as a limit of solutions to discrete time problems.
A Catalog of Photometry for Las Campanas Redshift Survey Galaxies on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey System

We present high-quality photometry in the five Sloan Digital Sky Survey filters, u′, g′, r′, i′, and z′, for 2195 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts measured by the Las Campanas Redshift Survey. In addition, a polynomial photometric redshift estimator is derived, with an uncertainty of 0.035 out to z = 0.25.
On the concept of a random sequence

ly the Kollektiv may be represented by an infinite sequence of points of an appropriate space, the Merkmalraum. Or if the number of possible outcomes of a trial is finite (and it may well be argued that this is always the case for any actual physical observation), it is sufficient to employ an infinite sequence of natural numbers which are less than a fixed natural number. This infinite sequence—of points or of natural numbers—satisfies certain conditions which correspond to those appearing in the description of a Kollektiv as just given, and which we shall express by saying that it is a random sequence (regel-
Feature Selection with Harmony Search for Classification: A Review

: In the area of data mining, feature selection is an important task for classification and dimensionality reduction. Feature selection is the process of choosing the most relevant features in a datasets. If the datasets contains irrelevant features, it will not only affect the training of the classification process but also the accuracy of the model. A good classification accuracy can be achieved when the model correctly predicted the class labels. This paper gives a general review of feature selection with Harmony Search (HS) algorithm for classification in various application. From the review, feature selection with HS algorithm shows a good performance as compared to other metaheuristics algorithm such as Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
MERTIS: system theory and simulation

The deep-space ESA mission BepiColombo to planet Mercury will contain the advanced infrared remote sensing instrument MERTIS (MErcury Radiometer and Thermal infrared Imaging Spectrometer). The mission has the goal to explore the planets inner and surface structure and its environment. With MERTIS investigations of Mercury's surface layer within a spectral range of 7-14μm shall be conducted to specify and map Mercury's mineralogical composition with a spatial resolution of 500m. Due to the limited mass and power budget the used micro-bolometer detector array will only have a temperature-stabilization and will not be cooled. The theoretical description of the instrument is necessary to estimate the performance of the instrument especially the signal to noise ratio. For that purpose theoretical models are derived from system theory. For a better evaluation and understanding of the instrument performance simulations are performed to compute the passage of the radiation of a hypothetical mineralogical surface composition through the optical system, the influence of the inner instrument radiation and the conversion of the overall radiation into a detector voltage and digital output signal. The results of the simulation can support the optimization process of the instrument parameters and could also assist the analysis of gathered scientific data. The simulation tool can be used as well for performance estimations of MERTIS-like systems for future projects.
Natural frequencies of orthotropic rectangular plates obtained by iterative reduction of the partial differential equation

Natural frequencies of orthotropic rectangular plates are obtained by successive reduction of the plate partial differential equation and by solving the resulting ordinary differential equation exactly. The reduction of the partial differential equation is carried out by assuming an approximate solution satisfying the boundary conditions along one direction and employing a Galerkin averaging technique known as the Kantorovich method. The resulting ordinary differential equation along the other direction is solved exactly, which provides the natural frequencies of the plate. Natural frequencies of the orthotropic rectangular plates with various boundary conditions are obtained by using this approach, and presented along with the discussion of the convergence and accuracy of the results.
High gain-bandwidth-product silicon heterointerface photodetector

We report the fabrication of a near-infrared avalanche photodetector with a gain-bandwidth product of over 300 GHz. The detector uses a Si multiplication layer and an InGaAs absorption layer. A 3 dB bandwidth of over 9 GHz was measured for current gains as high as 35. Photocurrent measurements using 1.3 μm light indicate a quantum efficiency for the detector of 0.60, near the limit expected based on the absorber thickness.
Lattice Dynamics of bcc Zirconium

We have studied the lattice dynamics of bcc Zr at 1400 K. We find that (a) the (111) longitudinal branch plunges rapidly to low frequencies in the vicinity of q = 2/3 (111) indicating a natural inclination for this metal to undergo a structural transformation to the . omega. phase, (b) the (110) longitudinal branch is anomalous at the zone boundary, and (c) the condition of elastic isotropy is satisfied to within experimental error. Temperature-dependent elastic peaks were observed in the vicinity of the reciprocal lattice points of the . omega. phase.
Finite-sample consistency of combination-based permutation tests with application to repeated measures designs

In several application fields, e.g. genetics, image and functional analysis, several biomedical and social experimental and observational studies, etc. it may happen that the number of observed variables is much larger than that of subjects. It can be proved that, for a given and fixed number of subjects, when the number of variables increases and the noncentrality parameter of the underlying population distribution increases with respect to each added variable, then power of multivariate permutation tests based on Pesarin's combining functions [Pesarin, F. (2001), Multivariate Permutation Tests with Applications in Biostatistics, New York: Wiley, Chichester] is monotonically increasing. These results confirm and extend those presented by [Blair, Higgins, Karniski and Kromrey (1994), ‘A Study of Multivariate Permutation Tests which May Replace Hotelling's T 2 Test in Prescribed Circumstances’, Multivariate Behavioral Research 29, 141–163]. Moreover, they allow us to introduce the property of finite-sample consistency for those kinds of combination-based permutation tests. Sufficient conditions are given in order that the rejection rate converges to one, for fixed sample sizes at any attainable α -values, when the number of variables diverges. A simulation study and a real case study are presented.