Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dampace: dynamic force-coordination trainer for the upper extremities

According to reviews, training with upper-extremities rehabilitation robotics is at least as good as regular stroke rehabilitation, probably because the robotics increase the training intensity for the patients. As an alternative to the functional approach mimicking activities of daily living, targeted force-coordination training may also have its benefits. Our passive exoskeleton, the Dampace, has controlled braking on the three rotational axes of the shoulder and one of the elbow. It is designed to combine functional training of activities of daily living with force-coordination training. The Dampace exoskeleton can assist in identifying causes behind the movement disorders of stroke patients, tackle these causes with isolated force-coordination training, possibly simultaneously over multiple joints, and then integrate the isolated training back into a functional, task-specific training protocol. Not needing to align the Dampace axes to the human shoulder and elbow axes overcome some of the difficulties traditionally associated with exoskeletons. Although it adds more complexity, the reduction of setup times to a few minutes and the absence of static reaction forces in the human joints, are major advantages and have been well received by therapists and physicians. Controlled braking instead of actively assisting actuators, has the advantage of inherent safety and always actively participating patients, at the cost of not being able to assist movements or create all virtual environments.
Robotic Self-replication in Structured and Adaptable Environments

Since the first theoretical work on self-replicating machines was performed by John Von Neumann [1], his ideas have been applied in many research areas such as cellular automata, nanotechnology, macromolecular chemistry and computer viruses [2]. Penrose, in [3], presented simple units with certain properties able to self-replicate. Although his work could not make the further step toward self-replicating robotic systems, he opened the possibility of mechanical implementation of Neumann’s concept. More recent studies include self-assembly ([4],[5]) and self-reconfiguration of modular robots and selfrepairable robots([6],[7]). In addition, self-replicating modular cubes are presented in [8]. Our lab has built several prototypes to improve and demonstrate the concept of robotic self-replication. Remotecontrolled, semi-autonomous and fully-autonomous selfreplicating robots have been developed over the past few years ([9]-[11]). In addition, self-replicating, electromechanical circuits were demonstrated [12]. The circuits used electromechanical devices as substrates in order to construct functional copies of themselves. In this paper, we extend and combine our previous results in that the control circuits of the robot are distributed into a number of subsystems rather than having an integrated controller. In order to prove our idea of robotic self replication, the following criteria must be met. • The robot consists of several prefabricated subsystems. • The subsystems are not identical and each of them is incomplete by itself. • The replica becomes fully functioning only when it is completely assembled. • The subsystems have similar structural complexities. The second and third criteria clarify the distinction between our robot and other self-replicating modular robots. To satisfy the fourth criterion, we distributed the electrical circuit into a number of subsystems. We present three prototypes of self-replicating robotic systems:(Robot I) a finite-state self-replicating robot in a partially structured environment in which subsystem locations can be permutated, (Robot II) an autonomous self-replicating robot in a completely structured environment and (Robot III) an autonomous self-replicating robot in an emphadaptable environment in which the robot modifies its surroundings after certain tasks have been completed. These prototypes use the line-tracking thereby reducing the environment to a 1dimensional domain. Fig. 1. Robot I in a structured environment
Replica placement in content delivery networks with stochastic demands and M/M/1 servers

Content Delivery Network (CDN) is proposed for replicating data objects at multiple locations in the network and encounters vast potential for future development, as a result of which, a number of replica placement techniques have been proposed over the last decade. However, most of the existing works on replica placement (RP) ignore the statistical property of the demands and the restricted service rate of the servers. In this paper, we investigate the techniques of replica placement in CDNs with stochastic demands and M/M/1 servers to optimize the overall performance in the network. We first model the demands and the servers as independent Poisson streams and simple M/M/1 queueing systems, respectively. Then, a formal definition and formalization of RP problem will be given. We show that RP problem is NP-complete and propose two heuristic algorithms: Greedy Dropping (GD) and Tabu Search (TS). We conduct abundant simulation experiments to evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithms. According to our simulation results, both of the two algorithms are efficient in finding a feasible solution with high probability. Especially, the TS decreases the average delay of the demands about 50% on average.
E-6801, a 5-HT 6 receptor agonist, improves recognition memory by combined modulation of cholinergic

Rationale and objectives In rats, 5-hydroxytryptamine6 (5-HT6) receptor antagonists improve learning and memory, but the effects of agonists are poorly defined. This study investigated the effects of 5-HT6 receptor agonists and antagonists on a rodent model of recognition memory. Methods Selective 5-HT6 receptor agonists and antagonists were administered either alone, after a scopolamineinduced impairment, or combined with sub-effective doses of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, donepezil, or the glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, memantine, in a novel object discrimination paradigm in adult rats. Results After a 4-h inter-trial delay to induce natural forgetting, vehicle-treated rats spent an equivalent time exploring novel and familiar objects during the choice trial. The 5-HT6 receptor agonists, E-6801 (1.25–10 mg/kg i.p.) and EMD-386088 (5–10 mg/kg i.p.), and antagonists, SB271046 and Ro 04–6790 (5 and 10 mg/kg), along with donepezil (0.1–3 mg/kg) and memantine (5–20 mg/kg) all produced significant and mostly dose-dependent increases in novel object exploration, indicative of memory enhancement. Furthermore, sub-effective doses of E-6801 (1 mg/kg) when co-administered with either SB-271046 (3 mg/kg), donepezil (0.1 mg/kg) or memantine (5 mg/kg), and EMD386088 (2mg/kg) co-administered withSB-271046(3mg/kg) also significantly enhanced object-recognition memory. Additionally, using a 1-min inter-trial delay, E-6801 (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) was as effective as donepezil (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) in reversing a scopolamine-induced (0.5 mg/kg) impairment in object recognition. Conclusions This is the first study to demonstrate that E-6801, a potent 5-HT6 receptor agonist, improves recognition memory by combined modulation of cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission.
Association of SOX2 and Nestin DNA amplification and protein expression with clinical features and overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Up to now, the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is poor. With progress of cancer biology, a number of genes have been investigated for predicting prognosis of NSCLC, such as cancer stem cell markers SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2) and Nestin. Recently, a series of studies have been performed to examine the associations of SOX2 and Nestin with clinical parameters and prognosis in NSCLC, however, the results were not consistent. In the present study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the associations. Four English databases (PubMed, ISI web of science, Embase, and Ovid) were used to search the relevant studies with the last date of November 10, 2015. The pooling analyses were stratified by DNA amplification and protein expression. The pooling ORs or HRs were used to assess the strength of the associations. Finally, we included 19 articles for SOX2 and six articles for Nestin according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pooling analyses revealed that there were significant associations between SOX2 DNA amplification and clinical features of NSCLC, gender, smoking status, squamous cell cancer (SCC) histology, and differentiations. And significant associations were also identified between SOX2 protein expression and clinical parameters, smoking status and SCC histology. For Nestin, its protein expression was correlated with lymph node metastasis and stage. Simultaneously, we found that high/positive SOX2 alterations, either DNA amplification or protein expression, were favorable for overall survival (OS) in NSCLC. On the contrary, high/positive Nestin protein expression was poor for OS.
Designing a Personalized Guide Recommendation System to Mitigate Information Overload in Museum Learning

Museum learning has received a lot of attention in recent years. Museum learning refers to people's use of museums to acquire knowledge. However, a problem with information overload has caused in engaging in such learning. Information overload signifies that users encounter a mass of information and need to determine whether certain information needs to be retained. In this paper, we proposed a personalized guide recommendation (PGR) system to mitigate this problem. The system used association rule mining to discover guide recommendation rules both from collective visiting behavior and individual visiting behavior, and then the rules were personalized. Using this system, visitors can obtain a PGR and avoid exposure to excessive exhibit information. To investigate user satisfaction with the PGR system, a user satisfaction questionnaire was developed to analyze the user satisfaction in a sample consisting of individuals of different genders and ages. The results showed that both men and women consistently accepted the PGR system and revealed that there were significant differences with regard to attitudes toward the system's service quality among different user ages. It was inferred that one possible reason for this was an effect related to users' prior experience with computers. A summary of the findings suggested that the PGR system generally obtained positive feedback.
Discriminative infinite latent feature models

Latent feature models (LFMs) have been widely used to model ordinal rating data and relational network data in various tasks such as collaborative filtering and link prediction, typically in a generative way. Alternatively, one might incorporate max-margin learning into the model via the principle of Maximum Entropy Discrimination (MED) to learn a more discriminative latent feature space that favors the supervised learning task. Another dimension to extend LFMs is to employ Bayesian nonparametric methods to make LFMs self-adaptive to the number of latent features, which is crucial for model complexity control. In this paper we review several recent progresses that have been made in the above two extensions for the task of collaborative filtering and link prediction.
Cosmology of rolling tachyon

We study dynamics of rolling tachyon and Abelian gauge field on unstable D-branes, of which effective action is given by Born-Infeld type nonlocal action. Possible cosmological evolutions are also discussed. In the Einstein frame of string cosmology, every expanding flat universe is proven to be decelerating.
Genetic Variation and Divergence of Genes Involved in Leaf Adaxial-Abaxial Polarity Establishment in Brassica rapa

Alterations in leaf adaxial-abaxial (ad-ab) polarity are one of the main factors that influence leaf curvature. In Chinese cabbage, leaf incurvature is an essential prerequisite to the formation of a leafy head. Identifying ad-ab patterning genes and investigating their genetic variation may facilitate elucidation of the mechanisms underlying leaf incurvature during head formation. Comparative genomic analysis of 45 leaf ad-ab patterning genes in Brassica rapa based on 26 homologs of Arabidopsis thaliana indicated that these genes underwent expansion and were retained after whole genome triplication (WGT). We also assessed the nucleotide diversity and selection footprints of these 45 genes in a collection of 94 Brassica rapa accessions that were composed of heading and non-heading morphotypes. Six of the 45 genes showed significant negative Tajima's D indices and nucleotide diversity reduction in heading accessions compared to those in non-heading accessions, indicating that they underwent purifying selection. Further testing of the BrARF3.1 gene, which was one of the selection signals from a larger collection, confirmed that purifying selection did occur. Our results provide genetic evidence that ad-ab patterning genes are involved in leaf incurvature, which is associated with formation of a leafy head, as well as promote an understanding of the genetic mechanism underlying leafy head formation in Chinese cabbage.
The Performance Improvement of BASK System for Giga-Bit MODEM Using the Fuzzy System

In this paper we propose an automatic bandwidth control method for the performance improvement of Binary Amplitude Shift Keying (BASK) system for Giga-bit Modem in millimeter band. To improve the performance of the BASK system with a fixed bandwidth, the proposed method is to adjust a bandwidth of low pass filter in receiver using the fuzzy system. The BASK system consists of a high speed shutter of the transmitter and a counter and a repeater of receiver. The repeater consists of four stage converters, and a converter is constructed with a low pass filter and a limiter. The inputs to the fuzzy system are the reminder and integral of remainder of counter, and output is a bandwidth. We used a Viterbi algorithm to find the optimum detection from output of the counter. Simulation results show that the proposed system improves the performance compared to the fixed bandwidth.
Transformation-Based Diagnosis of Student Programs for Programming Tutoring Systems

A robust technology that automates the diagnosis of students' programs is essential for programming tutoring systems. Such technology should be able to determine whether programs coded by a student are correct. If a student's program is incorrect, the system should be able to pinpoint errors in the program as well as explain and correct the errors. Due to the difficulty of this problem, no existing system performs this task entirely satisfactorily, and this problem still hampers the development of programming tutoring systems. This paper describes a transformation-based approach to automate the diagnosis of students' programs for programming tutoring systems. Improved control-flow analysis and data-flow analysis are used in program analysis. Automatic diagnosis of student programs is achieved by comparing the student program with a specimen program at the semantic level after both are standardized. The approach was implemented and tested on 525 real student programs for nine different programming tasks. Test results show that the method satisfies the requirements stated above. Compared to other existing approaches to automatic diagnosis of student programs, the approach developed here is more rigorous and safer in identifying student programming errors. It is also simpler to make use of in practice. Only specimen programs are needed for the diagnosis of student programs. The techniques of program standardization and program comparison developed here may also be useful for research in the fields of program understanding and software maintenance.
Meaning, Use, and Interpretation of Language

Bibliothek München CIP-Kurztitelaufnahme der Deutschen Bibliothek Meaning, use and interpretation of language / ed. Cognitive impairments in aphasia : new results and new problems 30 Florian Coulmas Underdeterminacy and plausibility in word-formation 46 Maxwell J. Cresswell A highly impossible scene. The semantics of visual contradictions 62 Urs Egli The Stoic theory of arguments 79 Cathrine Fabricius-Hansen Wieder ein wieder? Zur Semantik von wieder 97 Jacques François On the perspectival ordering of patient and causing event in the distribution of French and German verbs of change: a contrastive study 121 Harold Goodglass Disorders of lexical production and comprehension 134 Christopher Habel Inferences-the base of semantics? 147 VIII Contents Irene Heim File change semantics and the familiarity theory of definiteness , 164 Jaap Hoepelman Adjectives and nouns: a new calculus 190 Hans Hörmann The calculating listener, or : How many are einige, mehrere, and ein paar (some, several, and a few) ? 221 Karlheinz Hülser The fragments on Stoic dialectic: a new collection 235 Hans Kamp and Christian Rohrer Tense in texts 250 Walther Kindt Neue modelltheoretische Ansätze für die Semantik. The logical analysis of plurals and mass terms : a lattice-theoretical approach 302
Comparison between childhood and adult education

It is commonly accepted that learning and education are linked, since maximizing the efficiency of learning is achieved through education (Kokkos, 2005). Education in recent years has ceased to be a privilege of the younger aged groups and has expanded beyond the age of eighteen, the age that marks the passage from childhood to adult life. The adult trainees have formed their own methods of learning which result from their experiencesand ethics, and in turn, this has led them to develop defense mechanisms whenever their knowledge is being underestimated (Kokkos, 2005). These obstacles may be generated by anxiety, fear of failure and the lack of self-esteem (Rogers, 1999). To learn is something personal and each individual has developed a unique way of to learn and of how to perceive the learning process. The ways and perceptions of each era play an important role in how the teaching methods are formed. There are three main learning theories, the Behaviorism, the Constructivism and the Sociocultural theories of learning However, this differentiation lies not only in the educational time-step, but also in a number of other factors resulting from different and often opposing educational conditions.
Psychosocial impacts of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment in adolescent patients

Introduction: Malocclusion may have an impact on psycho-social aspects but the evidence is less clear cut regarding the potential benefits associated with orthodontic treatment. This PhD therefore aimed to study these aspects in 3 chapters: / Systematic review / Aims: To evaluate social, psychological and quality of life changes due to orthodontic treatment. / Methods, Results and Conclusions: Six electronic databases were searched and 21 articles included, reporting results of RCTs and observational studies. There was inadequate evidence to support or refute that orthodontic treatment in adolescent patients has positive psychosocial effects. The lack of a universal outcome measure in reporting impacts of orthodontic treatment is an important issue, so efforts must be made to develop this measure. / Prospective controlled longitudinal study / Aims: To study social impacts following functional appliance in adolescent with Class II Division 1 malocclusions and to compare it with a control group of patients of the same age range who had not yet commenced treatment. / Methods: Participants completed a questionnaire regarding social impacts before and after functional appliance treatment. Results: 114 patients were recruited, 65 patients in the treatment group and 49 patients in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups at T2. / Conclusions: Based on the questionnaires used, there were no significant social benefits associated with functional appliance treatment. / Qualitative study / Aims: To explore the social impacts of malocclusion in adolescent patients using qualitative methods. / Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted and data were analysed using a framework analysis. / Results: 12 participants were interviewed and three main themes were identified: Interpersonal relations, feelings regarding facial images and teasing. / Conclusions: Although common themes were identified, variation existed with regards to the social effects of malocclusion on an adolescent’s lifestyle. Interviewees reported being repeatedly reminded of their malocclusion; reinforced through teasing and images in different media.
Chromosome Aberrations in Cells Infected with Bovine Papillomavirus: Comparing Cutaneous Papilloma, Esophagus Papilloma, and Urinary Bladder Lesion Cells

The majority of malignant cells present genetic instability with chromosome number changes plus segmental defects: these changes involve intact chromosomes and breakage-induced alterations. Some pathways of chromosomal instability have been proposed as random breakage, telomere fusion, and centromere fission. Chromosome alterations in tumor cells have been described in animal models and in vitro experiments. One important question is about possible discrepancies between animal models, in vitro studies, and the real events in cancer cells in vivo. Papillomaviruses are relevant agents in oncogenic processes related to action on host genome. Recently, many reports have discussed the presence of virus DNA in peripheral blood, in humans and in animals infected by papillomaviruses. The meaning of this event is of controversy: possible product of apoptosis occurring in cancer cells, metastasized cancer cells, or active DNA sequences circulating in bloodstream. This study compares chromosome aberrations detected in bovine cells, in peripheral blood cells, and in BPV lesion cells: the literature is poor in this type of study. Comparing chromosome aberrations described in the different cells, a common mechanism in their origin, can be suggested. Furthermore blood cells can be evaluated as an effective way of virus transmission.
Increasing CLV and Retention Process in E-CRM Using Advanced Model

E-CRM is a pure commitment on behalf of the company to create mutual online benefit for various parties with respect to the company alone. To retain customers and increase customer focus to reach maximum loyalty of the customers the company should take the following steps. In addition, Satisfying customer requirements in web-based interactions is an outstanding feature of retaining customers and intensify their loyalty. Today internet enabled organizations made manages to find new tools and strategies to better grasp customers. Using information and communication technology, businesses want to get closer to the customers. This paper aims at proposing a conceptual framework to illustrate the relationship between moderators in the process of e-CRM and the ways that they can intensify the level of customer retention and customer loyalty.