Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant properties of Rosa pisiformis and its protective effect against isoproterenol-induced oxidative stress in rats antioksidan ve antiradikal aktiviteye sahip olduğu ve

: Objective: In this study, Rosa pisiformis was evaluated for its antioxidant activity, vitamin (A, E, C), trace element (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Se) and mineral (Ca, K, Mg, Na) levels, in addition to its cardioprotective effects on cardiac tissue antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, SOD, CAT) during isoproterenol (ISO) - induced oxidative stress. Methods: In the study, vitamin and mineral analysis was carried out using HPLC and ICP-MS method, R. P. antioxidant and antiradical properties were determined using spectrophotometer. Forty wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control (0.9% NaCl), ISO (100 mg/kg), ISO (100 mg/kg) + R. P. (300 mg/kg) and R. P. (300 mg/ kg). ISO was injected subcutaneously into rats twice at an interval of 24 h for two consecutive days (on 28 th and 29 th day). R. P. fruit administered daily. The experimental period was continued for 30 days. Results: The results of the study indicated that R. P. fruit and leaves contain high levels of minerals and vitamins and possess antioxidant and antiradical activity and its fruits have positive effects on cardiac tissues. The results are supported with significant changes in antioxidant enzyme levels and histopathological examination. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that R. P. fruits in particular can be used to treat and prevent cardiac diseases.
The Abundance of Atmospheric CO2 in Ocean Exoplanets: a Novel CO2 Deposition Mechanism

We consider super-Earth sized planets which have a water mass fraction large enough to form an external mantle composed of high-pressure water-ice polymorphs and also lack a substantial H/He atmosphere. We consider such planets in their habitable zone, so that their outermost condensed mantle is a global, deep, liquid ocean. For these ocean planets, we investigate potential internal reservoirs of CO2, the amount of CO2 dissolved in the ocean for the various saturation conditions encountered, and the ocean-atmosphere exchange flux of CO2. We find that, in a steady state, the abundance of CO2 in the atmosphere has two possible states. When wind-driven circulation is the dominant CO2 exchange mechanism, an atmosphere of tens of bars of CO2 results, where the exact value depends on the subtropical ocean surface temperature and the deep ocean temperature. When sea-ice formation, acting on these planets as a CO2 deposition mechanism, is the dominant exchange mechanism, an atmosphere of a few bars of CO2 is established. The exact value depends on the subpolar surface temperature. Our results suggest the possibility of a negative feedback mechanism, unique to water planets, where a reduction in the subpolar temperature drives more CO2 into the atmosphere to increase the greenhouse effect.
Simple alternative model of the dual nature of light and its Gedanken experiment

In this paper is presented a simple alternative model of the dual nature of light, based on the deliberate inversion of the original statement from P. A. M. Dirac: "Each photon interferes only with itself. Interference between different photons never occurs. " Such an inversion implies that photons and light quanta are considered as different classes of objects, but stays apparently compatible with results reported from different recent experiments. A Gedanken experiment having the potential capacity to test the proposed model in single photon regime is described, and its possible outcomes are discussed. The proposed setup could also be utilized to assess the modern interpretation of the principle of complementarity.
Categorization Problem on Controllability of Boolean Control Networks

A Boolean control network (BCN) is a discrete-time dynamical system whose variables take values from a binary set <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lbrace 0,1\rbrace$</tex-math></inline-formula>. At each time step, each variable of the BCN updates its value simultaneously according to a Boolean function which takes the state and control of the previous time step as its input. Given an ordered pair of states of a BCN, we define the <italic>set of reachable time steps</italic> as the set of positive integer <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>'s where there exists a control sequence such that the BCN can be steered from one state to the other in exactly <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula> time steps; and the <italic>set of unreachable time steps</italic> as the set of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>'s where there does not exist any control sequence such that the BCN can be steered from one state to the other in exactly <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula> time steps. We consider in this article the so-called <italic>categorization problem</italic> of a BCN, i.e., we develop a method, via algebraic graph theoretic approach, to determine whether the set of reachable time steps and the set of unreachable time steps, associated with the given pair of states, are finite or infinite. Our results can be applied to classify all ordered pairs of states into four categories, depending on whether the set of reachable (unreachable) time steps is finite or not.
“INTELLIGENT PART RECOGNITION, CLASSIFICATION AND SURFACE DEFECT DETECTION BY USING COMPUTER VISION (CV) & MACHINE LEARNING (ML)”

: The defects in product detection are very much essential in manufacturing to maintain quality. We used Computer Vision (CV) and Machine Learning (ML) Algorithms to detect defects. By using Machine Learning (ML) Algorithm we set the highest standards to maintain quality control. First, we classify the object according to their shape and geometry which is already in the database. Second, find the defects in the object. Using a Machine Learning algorithm for defect detections. Third, we summarize and analyse the application of Computer Vision, Machine Learning and other technologies used for defect detection, by focusing on three aspects, namely method and experimental results. To in addition apprehending the problems withinside the area of defect detection, we inspect the capabilities and traits of the current device used for defect detection. The performance of general product production and inspection method can be elevated with commercial automation and it also minimizes resources and saves time The core ideas and codes of studies related to high precision, high positioning, rapid detection, small item, complicated background, occluded item detection and item association, are summarized.
The Cerebellum Is a Key Structure in the Neural Network for Mentalizing: An MRI Study in the Behavioral Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia

The behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is primarily characterized by deficits in social behaviour and theory of mind (ToM). Although a consensus has been reached on the roles of the cerebellum in social cognition and ToM, its specific contribution to social impairments of bvFTD has never been specifically investigated. The aim of this study was to assess cerebellar structural and functional changes in patients with bvFTD and their potential association with ToM deficits of patients. Therefore, 15 patients with bvFTD and 34 healthy subjects underwent an MRI examination. Voxel-based morphometry was used to assess cerebellar (GM) changes, and a seed-based analysis was performed to test cerebello-cerebral functional connectivity (FC). The performance of bvFTD patients in a ToM task was then correlated with FC patterns. Compared to healthy subjects, patients with bvFTD showed significant cerebellar GM loss specifically involving cerebellar Crus I-II. Additionally, FC changes FC were observed between the cerebellum and cerebral regions related to ToM. Interestingly, patterns of changes in cerebello-cerebral FC correlated with altered ToM performances explored using the “Reading the Mind with the Eyes” test (RMET) of patients. The present findings suggest that specific changes in cerebello-cerebral FC may underlie ToM alterations in patients with bvFTD.
R-parity Conserving Minimal SUSY $B-L$ Model

We propose a simple gauged U(1)$_{B-L}$ extension of the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), where R-parity is conserved as usual in the MSSM. The global $B-L$ (baryon number minus lepton number) symmetry in the MSSM is gauged and three MSSM gauge-singlet chiral multiplets with a unit $B-L$ charge are introduced, ensuring the model free from gauge and gravitational anomalies. We assign an odd R-parity for two of the new chiral multiplets and hence they are identified with the right-handed neutrino superfields, while an even R-parity is assigned to the other one ($\Phi$). The scalar component of $\Phi$ plays the role of a Higgs field to break the U(1)$_{B-L}$ symmetry through its negative mass squared, which is radiatively generated by the renormalization group running of soft supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking parameters from a high energy. This radiative U(1)$_{B-L}$ symmetry breaking leads to its breaking scale being at the TeV naturally. Because of our novel R-parity assignment, three light neutrinos are Dirac particles with one massless state. Since R-parity is conserved, the lightest neutralino is a prime candidate of the dark matter as usual. In our model, the lightest eigenstate of the mixture of the $B-L$ gaugino and the fermionic component of $\Phi$ appears as a new dark matter candidate. We investigate phenomenology of this dark matter particle. We also discuss collider phenomenology of our model. In particular, the $B-L$ gauge boson ($Z'$), once discovered at the Large Hadron Collider, can be a probe to determine the number of (right-handed) Dirac neutrinos with its invisible decay width, in sharp contrast with the conventional $B-L$ extension of the SM or MSSM where the right-handed neutrinos are heavy Majorana particles and decay to the SM leptons.
From minimal gravity to open intersection theory

We investigated the relation between the two-dimensional minimal gravity (Lee-Yang series) with boundaries and open intersection theory. It is noted that the minimal gravity with boundaries is defined in terms of boundary cosmological constant $\mu_B$ and the open intersection theory in terms of boundary marked point generating parameter $s$. Based on the conjecture that the two different descriptions of the generating functions are related by the Laplace transform, we derive the compact expressions for the generating function of the intersection theory from that of the minimal gravity on a disk and on a cylinder.
Surface salinity fields in the Arctic Ocean and statistical approaches to predicting anomalies and patterns

Significant salinity anomalies have been observed in the Arctic Ocean surface layer during the last decade. Using gridded data of winter salinity in the upper 50 m layer of the Arctic Ocean for the period 1950-1993 and 2007-2012, we investigated the inter-annual variability of the salinity fields, attempted to identify patterns and anomalies, and developed a statistical model for the prediction of surface layer salinity. The statistical model is based on linear regression equations linking the principal components with environmental factors, such as atmospheric circulation, river runoff, ice processes, and water exchange with neighboring oceans. Using this model, we obtained prognostic fields of the surface layer salinity for the winter period 2013-2014. The prognostic fields demonstrated the same tendencies of surface layer freshening that were observed previously. A phase portrait analysis involving the first two principal components exhibits a dramatic shift in behavior of the 2007-2012 data in comparison to earlier observations.
Lepton-number-violating searches for muon to positron conversion

There is no guarantee that the violation of lepton number, assuming it exists, will primarily manifest itself in neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$). Lepton-number violation and lepton-flavor violation may be related, and much-needed information regarding the physics that violates lepton number can be learned by exploring observables that violate lepton flavors other than electron flavor. One of the most promising observables is $\mu^- \rightarrow e^+$ conversion, which can be explored by experiments that are specifically designed to search for $\mu^- \rightarrow e^-$ conversion. We survey lepton-number-violating dimension-five, -seven, and -nine effective operators in the standard model and discuss the relationships between Majorana neutrino masses and the rates for $0\nu\beta\beta$ and $\mu^- \rightarrow e^+$ conversion. While $0\nu\beta\beta$ has the greatest sensitivity to new ultraviolet energy scales, its rate might be suppressed by the new physics relationship to lepton flavor, and $\mu^- \rightarrow e^+$ conversion offers a complementary probe of lepton-number-violating physics.
Improvement of the Cascadic Multigrid Algorithm with a Gauss Seidel Smoother to Efficiently Compute the Fiedler Vector of a Graph Laplacian

In this paper, we detail the improvement of the Cascadic Multigrid algorithm with the addition of the Gauss Seidel algorithm in order to compute the Fiedler vector of a graph Laplacian, which is the eigenvector corresponding to the second smallest eigenvalue. This vector has been found to have applications in graph partitioning, particularly in the spectral clustering algorithm. The algorithm is algebraic and employs heavy edge coarsening, which was developed for the first cascadic multigrid algorithm. We present numerical tests that test the algorithm against a variety of matrices of different size and properties. We then test the algorithm on a range of square matrices with uniform properties in order to prove the linear complexity of the algorithm.
Some new Stein operators for product distributions

We provide a general result for finding Stein operators for the product of two independent random variables whose Stein operators satisfy a certain assumption, extending a recent result of Gaunt, Mijoule and Swan \cite{gms18}. This framework applies to non-centered normal and non-centered gamma random variables, as well as a general sub-family of the variance-gamma distributions. Curiously, there is an increase in complexity in the Stein operators for products of independent normals as one moves, for example, from centered to non-centered normals. As applications, we give a simple derivation of the characteristic function of the product of independent normals, and provide insight into why the probability density function of this distribution is much more complicated in the non-centered case than the centered case.
RAVEN AND THE CENTER OF MAFFEI 1: MULTI-OBJECT ADAPTIVE OPTICS OBSERVATIONS OF THE CENTER OF A NEARBY ELLIPTICAL GALAXY AND THE DETECTION OF AN INTERMEDIATE AGE POPULATION

Near-infrared (NIR) spectra that have an angular resolution of ∼0.15 arcsec are used to examine the stellar content of the central regions of the nearby elliptical galaxy Maffei 1. The spectra were recorded at the Subaru Telescope, with wavefront distortions corrected by the RAVEN Multi-object Adaptive Optics science demonstrator. The Ballick–Ramsey C2 absorption bandhead near 1.76 μm is detected, and models in which ∼10%–20% of the light near 1.8 μm originates from stars of spectral type C5 reproduce the depth of this feature. Archival NIR and mid-infrared images are also used to probe the structural and photometric properties of the galaxy. Comparisons with models suggest that an intermediate age population dominates the spectral energy distribution between 1 and 5 μm near the galaxy center. This is consistent not only with the presence of C stars, but also with the large Hβ index that has been measured previously for Maffei 1. The J − K color is more or less constant within 15 arcsec of the galaxy center, suggesting that the brightest red stars are well-mixed in this area.
Stability of multi-solitons for the derivative nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger equation

The nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger equation with derivative cubic nonlinearity admits a family of solitons, which are orbitally stable in the energy space. In this work, we prove the orbital stability of multi-solitons configurations in the energy space, under suitable assumptions on the speeds and frequencies of the composing solitons. The main ingredients of the proof are modulation theory, energy coercivity and monotonicity properties.
Pohlmeyer-reduced form of string theory in AdS5 × S5: semiclassical expansion

We consider the Pohlmeyer-reduced formulation of the AdS5 × S5 superstring. It is constructed by introducing new variables which are algebraically related to supercoset current components so that the Virasoro conditions are automatically solved. The reduced theory is a gauged WZW model supplemented with an integrable potential and fermionic terms that ensure its UV finiteness. The original superstring theory and its reduced counterpart are closely related at the classical level, and we conjecture that they remain related at the quantum level as well, in the sense that their quantum partition functions evaluated on respective classical solutions are equal. We provide evidence for the validity of this conjecture at the one-loop level, i.e. at the first non-trivial order of the semiclassical expansion near several classes of classical solutions.
Open Research Online Temperature ﬁeld forecast in concrete dam with the use of ARIMA models and the ﬁnite element method

This article describes a forecasting method, with the application of statistical models Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and a heat conduction model to forecast the temperature field in a buttress block of Itaipu dam. Monthly temperature series in 2010-2014 of surface thermometers to block were fitted with cubic splines and the series, now daily, were used as inputs for specific ARIMA models to produce forecasts as outputs. These outputs were used as boundary conditions to the thermal model of the block and this solved by the Finite Element Method (FEM). Obtained thus predicted temperature fields of block. The error MAPE between the values obtained by MEF and the real, in a test point, (where is an internal thermometer) measured the performance of the forecast of ARIMA models, and this was satisfactory, achieving near 15%. The proposed method has an innovative character for thermal analysis structures, in particular in concrete dams.
DUAL OUTPUT QUADRATIC GAIN BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER

: The high gain DC-DC converters have played a vital role in industrial electronics applications. The dual output quadratic gain buck-boost converter is a combination of quadratic boost followed by buck converter. The non-isolated DC-DC converter topology exhibit quadratic buck-boost voltage transformation ratio together with common ground feature and a positive output load voltage polarity. The dual output DC-DC converter with single input reduce size and cost of the high gain converters in modern power electronics with advantage of multilevel boost outputs and eliminates the requirement of individual converters for each voltage level. The boost applications are more prevalent in harvesting renewable energy so the converter topology is designed to provide multiple boost outputs with high gain and high efficiency. The DC-DC converter performs buck operation below a duty ratio of 40% to obtain quadratic buck-boost gain. The input and output side inductors ensures continuous input current with minimal ripple at input and output sides. The converter topology producing 67W and 150W output powers, at a switching frequency of 75kHz is analysed and the performance study of the DC-DC buck-boost converter is carried out with MATLAB/SIMULINK R2017b. It is observed that the converter attained 100V and 150V for boost operation and 8V for buck operation for an input of 15V with an efficiency of 94% for R and RL loads. The switching pulses for the control circuit is generated using PIC16F877A microcontroller. The experimental results obtained from a 7W and 16W converter prototype designed with a 5V DC input and 75KHz switching frequency confirm the theoretical considerations and the simulation results.
Influence of Reynolds number on the motion of settling, bidisperse inertial particles in turbulence

Using Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS), we examine the effects of Taylor Reynolds number, $R_\lambda$, and Froude number, $Fr$, on the motion of settling, bidisperse inertial particles in isotropic turbulence. Particle accelerations play a key role in the relative motion of bidisperse particles, and we find that reducing $Fr$ leads to an enhancement of the accelerations, but a suppression of their intermittency. For Stokes numbers $St>1$, the effect of $R_\lambda$ on the accelerations is enhanced by gravity, since settling causes the particle accelerations to be affected by a larger range of flow scales. The results for the Probability Density Function (PDF) of the particle relative velocities show that for bidisperse particles, decreasing $Fr$ leads to an enhancement of their relative velocities in both the vertical (parallel to gravity) and horizontal directions. Importantly, our results show that even when the particles are settling very fast, turbulence continues to play a key role in their vertical relative velocities, and increasingly so as $R_\lambda$ is increased. This occurs because although the settling velocity may be much larger than typical velocities of the turbulence, due to intermittency, there are significant regions of the flow where the turbulence contribution to the particle motion is of the same order as that from gravitational settling.
HYPERACCRETION DURING TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENTS: WEAKLY BOUND DEBRIS ENVELOPES AND JETS

After the destruction of the star during a tidal disruption event (TDE), the cataclysmic encounter between a star and the supermassive black hole (SMBH) of a galaxy, approximately half of the original stellar debris falls back onto the hole at a rate that can initially exceed the Eddington limit by orders of magnitude. We argue that the angular momentum of this matter is too low to allow it to attain a disk-like configuration with accretion proceeding at a mildly super-Eddington rate, the excess energy being carried away by a combination of radiative losses and radially distributed winds. Instead, we propose that the infalling gas traps accretion energy until it inflates into a weakly bound, quasi-spherical structure with gas extending nearly to the poles. We study the structure and evolution of such “zero-Bernoulli accretion” flows as a model for the super-Eddington phase of TDEs. We argue that such flows cannot stop extremely super-Eddington accretion from occurring, and that once the envelope is maximally inflated, any excess accretion energy escapes through the poles in the form of powerful jets. We compare the predictions of our model to Swift J1644+57, the putative super-Eddington TDE, and show that it can qualitatively reproduce some of its observed features. Similar models, including self-gravity, could be applicable to gamma-ray bursts from collapsars and the growth of SMBH seeds inside quasi-stars.