Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analytical relationships for mechanical properties of pentamode metamaterials

Pentamode metamaterials are a class of extremal materials exhibiting fluid-like mechanical behavior. The mechanical properties of pentamode metamaterials arise from their unique micro-architecture, rather than their constituent material. In this research, we present closed-form analytical relationships for the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of pentamode lattice structures with double-cone struts based on cubic diamond morphology. To validate our analytical solutions, we performed numerical simulations and experimental tests, which confirmed the accuracy of the derived relationships. Our findings indicate that increasing the smaller diameter ( 𝑑 ) and the larger-to-smaller diameter ratio ( 𝛼 ) of the double-cones increases the elastic modulus of pentamode metamaterials. However, within the considered range of 𝑑 and 𝛼 , the Poisson's ratio is nearly constant and lies within the range of approximately 0.5. These analytical relationships provide valuable insight into the mechanical behavior of pentamode metamaterials, which can aid in the design and optimization of new materials with unique properties
Alternative climatic steady states for the Permian-Triassic paleogeography

Because of spatial scarcity and uncertainties in sedimentary data, initial and boundary conditions in deep-time climate simulations lack of constraints. On the other hand, climate is a nonlinear system with a multitude of feedback mechanisms, which compete and balance in a different way that depends on the initial and boundary conditions, opening the possibility, in numerical experiments, to obtain multiple steady states under the same forcing. Here, we use the MITgcm with a coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-land configuration to explore the existence of such alternative steady states around the Permian-5 Triassic Boundary (PTB). We construct the corresponding bifurcation diagram accounting for processes on a timescale of thousands of years, in order to identify the stability range of the steady states and tipping points in regard to atmospheric CO 2 content. We find three alternative steady states with a difference in global mean surface air temperature of around 10 ◦ C. We also investigate how these climatic steady states are modified when feedbacks acting over comparable or longer time scales are included, in particular vegetation dynamics and air-sea carbon exchange. Our findings for multistability provide a useful 10 framework for explaining climatic variations observed in Early Triassic geological records, and some discrepancies between numerical simulations in the literature and geological data at the PTB and its aftermaths.
Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein is required in excitatory neurons in the forebrain to sustain wakefulness

The molecular and intracellular signaling processes that control sleep and wake states remain largely unknown. A consistent observation is that the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) response element-binding protein (CREB), an activity-dependent transcription factor, is differentially activated during sleep and wakefulness. CREB is phosphorylated by the cyclic AMP/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) signaling pathway as well as other kinases, and phosphorylated CREB promotes the transcription of target genes. Genetic studies in flies and mice suggest that CREB signaling influences sleep/ wake states by promoting and stabilizing wakefulness. However, it remains unclear where in the brain CREB is required to drive wakefulness. In rats, CREB phosphorylation increases in the cerebral cortex during wakefulness and decreases during sleep, but it is not known if this change is functionally relevant to the maintenance of wakefulness. Here, we used the Cre/lox system to conditionally delete CREB in the forebrain (FB) and in the locus coeruleus (LC), two regions known to be important for the production of arousal and wakefulness. We used polysomnography to measure sleep/wake levels and sleep architecture in conditional CREB mutant mice and control littermates. We found that FB-specific deletion of CREB decreased wakefulness and increased non-rapid eye movement sleep. Mice lacking CREB in the FB were unable to sustain normal periods of wakefulness. On the other hand, deletion of CREB from LC neurons did not change sleep/wake levels or sleep/wake architecture. Taken together, these results suggest that CREB is required in neurons within the FB but not in the LC to promote and stabilize wakefulness.
Logical and Computational Structures for Linguistic Modelling

These notes cover the first part of an introductory course on computational linguistics, also known as MPRI 2-27-1: Logical and computational structures for linguistic modelling. The course is subdivided into two parts: the first, which is the topic of these notes, covers grammars, automata, and logics for syntax modelling, while the second part focuses on logical approaches semantics. Among the prerequisites to the course are
Conceptual design of fuel and radial shielding sub-assemblies for ASTRID

The French 600 MWe Advanced Sodium Technological Reactor for Industrial Demonstration (ASTRID) project reached in 2015 the end of its Conceptual Design phase. The core design studies are being conducted by the CEA with support from AREVA and EDF. Innovative design choices for the core have been made to comply with the GEN IV reactor objectives, marking a break with the former Phénix and SuperPhénix Sodium Fast Reactors. The CFV core of ASTRID demonstrates an intrinsically safe behaviour with a negative sodium void worth achieved thanks to a new fuel sub-assembly design. This one comprises (U,Pu)O 2 and UO 2 axially heterogeneous fuel pins, a large cladding versus small spacer wire bundle, a sodium plenum above the fuel pins, and an upper neutron shielding with both enriched and natural boron carbide. The upper shielding also maintains a low secondary sodium activity level and is made removable on-line through the sub-assembly head for washing compatibility. Calculations have been performed to increase the stiffness of the stamped spacer pads in order to analyse its effect on the core mechanical behaviour during hypothetical radial core compaction events. Concerning the radial shielding sub-assemblies surrounding the fuel core, heavy iterative studies have been performed in order to fulfill ASTRID requirements of minimising the secondary sodium activity level and maximising the in-core life-time. Evaluated options were reflectors sub-assemblies made of steel or MgO rods, and radial neutron shielding sub-assemblies made of B 4 C or borated steel, with different configurations in the design and in the core layout. This paper describes the design of the fuel and radial shielding sub-assemblies for the ASTRID CFV v4 core at the end of the Conceptual Design phase. Focus is placed on innovations and specificities in the design compared with former French SFRs.
Carbon Neutrality Education Promotes Parents’ Pro-environmental Behavior by Children’s Information Communication

Climate change is a global problem, and the Chinese government has put forward the goal of carbon neutrality. Carbon neutrality is increasingly embedded in the ﬁeld of education. However, few researchers have explored its effects. In particular, previous researchers have found that education may have a spillover effect on parents. Therefore, this study examines the effect of carbon-neutral education on parents’ pro-environment behaviors and examines the indirect effect of children’s information communication. Based on matched and longitudinal family-level data, this study found that carbon neutrality education can effectively increase children’s participation in carbon-neutral information communication. In addition, children’s information communication signiﬁcantly increased their parents’ pro-environment behaviors. Furthermore, carbon neutrality education can increase parents’ pro-environment behaviors by increasing children’s information communication. The ﬁndings of this study not only demonstrate the effectiveness of carbon neutral education in China, but also provide new insights into how carbon neutrality education promotes parents’ pro-environment behaviors from an intergenerational learning perspective.
Robust validation steps for clip classification

The classic approach to clip classiﬁcation consist of computing scores per class and identifying the most frequent top-score classes. Usually, predictions are always reported; and consequently, we are either right or wrong. However, in most applications, erroneous predictions will carry substantial negative effects. Ideally, we should communicate only correct predictions and abstain from reporting erroneous ones. Two novel methods are shown to come near this goal. Their main advantages are: on the one hand, most false positives are successfully identiﬁed; on the other hand, the best levels of accuracy are maintained, if not improved.
An Overview of the SUIF2 Compiler Infrastructure

Statement : ExecutionObject { virtual list<Statement* owner> child_statements; . } concrete IfStatement : Statement { Expression * condition in source_ops; Statement * owner then_part in child_statements; Statement * owner else_part in child_statements; } The Statement class includes an abstract iterator child_statements. The IfStatement class is derived from Statement. It has a condition (which will be iterated over in the source_ops iterator in the ExecutionObject and a then_part and else_part which make up the child_statements in the Statement class. The C++ interface generated by SMGN is: Figure 3.4 Generating New IR Nodes Meta-Class System Interface for user (.h) SUIF Macro Generator Object Definition (.hoof) a general grammar-based tool Implementation in Meta-class system (.cpp) reading & writing to file in machine-independent format
Exact Simulation of Hawkes Process with Exponentially Decaying Intensity

We introduce a numerically efficient simulation algorithm for Hawkes process with exponentially decaying intensity, a special case of general Hawkes process that is most widely implemented in practice. This computational method is able to exactly generate the point process and intensity process, by sampling interarrival-times directly via the underlying analytic distribution functions without numerical inverse, and hence avoids simulating intensity paths and introducing discretisation bias. Moreover, it is flexible to generate points with either stationary or non-stationary intensity, starting from any arbitrary time with any arbitrary initial intensity. It is also straightforward to implement, and can easily extend to multi-dimensional versions, for further applications in modelling contagion risk or clustering arrival of events in finance, insurance, economics and many other fields. Simulation algorithms for one dimension and multi-dimension are represented, with numerical examples of univariate and bivariate processes provided as illustrations.
Supplementary Materials for “ MagicNet : Semi-Supervised Multi-Organ Segmentation via Magic-Cube Partition and Recovery”

In this subsection, we conduct ablation studies to show the effectiveness of each component of MagicNet on BTCV dataset. In Table 1, the first row indicates the mean-teacher baseline model [10], which our method is designed on. Compared to the baseline, our MagicNet can yield good segmentation performance. Cross and In represent our crossand within-image partition-and-recovery, which increase the performance from 61.42% to 71.09% and 74.29%, respectively. This shows the powerful ability with our specially-designed data augmentation method. Loc represents magic-cube location reasoning for within-image branch. We can see from the table that based on our cross-image branch, adding relative locations of smallcubes can achieve 73.72% in DSC, adding only within-image partition-and-recovery branch achieves 74.29%, and adding both two branches leads to 74.80%. Finally, our proposed cube-wise pseudo label blending (short for Bld in Table 1) provides significant improvement to 75.53%.
Review of manuscript tc-2023-100

L11–14 We present laboratory experiments on the growth of a tubular ice structure surrounding a plume of cold brine that descends under gravity into water with a higher freezing point. Brinicles are geological analogues of these structures found under sea ice in the polar regions on Earth. –> Not clear to me - it sounds as if brinicles are natural analogues of tubular ice structures produced in the lab. I would say that both are brinicles. L14 They may be important for the energy budget of sea ice. –> Or they may not. The paper does not present an analysis of this question. I suggest to remove this sentence from the abstract and rather focus on some paper results.
Attrition of Households and Individuals in Panel Surveys

Attrition is mostly caused by not contacted or refusing sample members. On one hand it is well-known that reasons to attrite due to non-contact are different from those that are due to refusal. On the other hand does non-contact most probably affect household attrition, while refusal can be effective on both households and individuals. In this article, attrition on both the household and (conditional on household participation) the individual level is analysed in three panel surveys from the Cross National Equivalent File (CNEF): the German Socio- Economic Panel (GSOEP), the British Household Panel Study (BHPS), and the Swiss Household Panel (SHP). To follow households over time we use a common rule in all three surveys. First, we find different attrition magnitudes and patterns both across the surveys and also on the household and the individual level. Second, there is more evidence for reinforced rather than compensated household level selection effects if the individual level is also taken into account.
Modeling Topic Control to Detect Influence in Conversations using Nonparametric Topic Models

Identifying influential speakers in multi-party conversations has been the focus of research in communication, sociology, and psychology for decades. It has been long acknowledged qualitatively that controlling the topic of a conversation is a sign of influence. To capture who introduces new topics in conversations, we introduce SITS—Speaker Identity for Topic Segmentation—a nonparametric hierarchical Bayesian model that is capable of discovering (1) the topics used in a set of conversations, (2) how these topics are shared across conversations, (3) when these topics change during conversations, and (4) a speaker-specific measure of “topic control”. We validate the model via evaluations using multiple datasets, including work meetings, online discussions, and political debates. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of SITS in both intrinsic and extrinsic evaluations. V. -A. Nguyen Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park E-mail: vietan@cs.umd.edu J. Boyd-Graber iSchool and UMIACS, University of Maryland, College Park E-mail: jbg@umiacs.umd.edu P. Resnik Department of Linguistics and UMIACS, University of Maryland, College Park E-mail: resnik@umd.edu D. A. Cai School of Media and Communication, Temple University E-mail: debcai@temple.edu J. E. Midberry School of Media and Communication, Temple University E-mail: jmidberry@gmail.com Y. Wang School of Media and Communication, Temple University E-mail: yuanxin@gmail.com 2 Nguyen, Boyd-Graber, Resnik, et al.
Higher absorption enhancement of black carbon in summer shown by two year measurements

• In order to better highlight the objectives and the main results of the paper (1) we modified the title, (2) clearly listed the scientific questions addressed in the introduction section, (3) modified the conclusion into a section “Summary and implications for climate models”, (4) moved Figure 2 from the meteorological section to the Supplement, (5) moved Figure S7 and Figure S9 from the Supplement to the main text in Sections 3.4. 1 and 3.4. 2, respectively.
Can Network Modeling Predict Two-Phase Flow Functions?

Over the last two decades there has been an increase in activity on the pore-scale modelling of multiphase flow in porous media. Excellent progress has been made in many areas of pore scale modelling, particularly in (i) the representation of the rock itself and (ii) in our description of the pore-scale displacement physics (in model pore geometries). 3D voxelised images of actual rocks can be generated either numerically (e.g. from 2D thin sections) or from micro CT imaging. A simplified network involving more idealised nodes and bonds can then be extracted from this numerical rock model and this can be used in modelling pore scale displacement processes. Much progress has also been made in understanding these pore scale processes (i.e. piston-like displacement, snap-off events, layer formation/collapse, pore-body filling/draining). These processes can be mathematically modelled accurately for pores of non-uniform wettability, if the geometry of the pore is sufficiently simple. In fact, in recent years these various pore-level processes in mixed and fractionally wet systems have been classified as “events” in an entire capillary dominated “phase space” which can be defined in a thermodynamically consistent manner. Advances in our understanding and ability to compute several two(and three-) phase properties a priori have been impressive and the entire flooding cycle of primary drainage (PD), ageing/wetting change, and imbibition can be simulated. In this paper, we review the successes of pore-scale network modelling and explain how it can be of great use in understanding and explaining many phenomena in flow through porous media. However, we also critically examine the issue of how predictive network modelling is in practice. Indeed, one of our conclusions on pore scale modelling in mixed wet systems is that we cannot predict two-phase functions reliably in “blind” tests. Interestingly, we make this statement not because we do not understand the pore-scale physics of the process, but because we do understand the physics. It is hoped that our comments will stimulate a more critical debate on the role of pore-scale modelling and its use in core analysis.
Single-nuclei transcriptomics of dog hippocampus reveals the distinct cellular mechanism of domestication

The process of dog domestication leads to dramatic differences in behavioral traits compared to grey wolves. A class of putative positively selected genes is related to learning and memory, for instance, long-term potentiation and long-term depression. In this study, we constructed a single-nuclei transcriptomic atlas of the dog hippocampus to illustrate its cell types, cell lineage, and molecular features. Using the transcriptomes of 105,057 single-nuclei from the hippocampus of a Beagle dog, we identified 26 cell clusters and a putative trajectory of oligodendrocyte development. Comparative analysis revealed a significant convergence between dog differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and putative positively selected genes (PSGs). 40 putative PSGs were DEGs in the glutamatergic neurons, especially in the cluster 14, which is related to the regulation of nervous system development. In summary, this study provided a blueprint to understand the cellular mechanism of dog domestication.
Quantitative assessments of moisture sources and temperature governing rainfall 18 O from 20 years' monitoring records in SW-France: Importance for isotope-based climate reconstructions

22 In the mid-high latitude region, variations of stable isotopic compositions of 23 atmospheric precipitation (δOp and δDp) were commonly regarded as reflecting the 24 “temperature effect”. However, some studies have indicated that the change of 25 moisture sources were important controlling factors for δOp. To clarify whether 26 there is a connection between δOp and moisture sources in Southwest France 27 (SW-France), whose implication for speleothem paleoclimatic interpretation is of 28 great importance, we have analyzed the longest isotopic time-series from SW-France 29 (Le Mas and Villars stations) and a 5 days’ reconstruction of air mass history during 30 the 1997-2016 A.D period based on the HYSPLIT tracking model. We found the 31 percentage of initial moisture sources (PIMS) as important factors controlling the 32 oxygen isotopic composition of precipitation in SW-France, whether the monthly or 33 inter-annual timescale was considered. Additionally, we observed that the δOp 34 preserved the signal of local temperature, supporting a “temperature effect”, while no 35 evidence for its “amount effect” has been observed. These quantified links between 36 PIMS/temperature and δOp appear useful references to understand the interrelation 37 of stable oxygen isotopes and climate parameters. Our long-term monitoring works of 38 the δOp, d-excess, and moisture sources reveal decadal trends, highlighting a tight 39 coupling in hydrologic systems and relatively fast changes in SW-France rainfall 40 sources controlled by atmospheric circulations. 41
HouseDiffusion: Vector Floorplan Generation via a Diffusion Model with Discrete and Continuous Denoising [Supplementary Material ]

The supplementary document provides 1) ablation studies on the hyperparameters (e.g., the number of steps and the target output of the model); 2) more experimental results on the non-manhattan RPLAN dataset; 3) more analysis on our discrete denoising and AnalogBits [1]; and 4) additional qualitative examples of our system and competing methods. Please also
15 Association Rules

Association rules are rules of the kind “70% of the customers who buy vine and cheese also buy grapes”. While the traditional field of application is market basket analysis, association rule mining has been applied to various fields since then, which has led to a number of important modifications and extensions. We discuss the most frequently applied approach that is central to many extensions, the Apriori algorithm, and briefly review some applications to other data types, well-known problems of rule evaluation via support and confidence, and extensions of or alternatives to the standard framework.
Advances in the Nonpharmacological Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is a very frequent arrhythmia in our daily clinical practice, either isolated or associated with other heart diseases. It has high relevance as it can act as a decompensating agent of other heart diseases or damage the myocardium itself. Traditionally, the treatment of atrial fibrillation has been based on rhythm and rate control and also the treatment of its complications. To rhythm control, electrical or pharmacological cardioversion has been used, and different groups of bradycardizing drugs have been used for rate control. Anticoagulation is the most relevant treatment to prevent thromboembolic phenomena secondary to atrial fibrillation. However, with the recent development of endovascular procedures, the use of ablation to maintain sinus rhythm in this kind of patients has been increased displacing the use of other treatment strategies. Therefore, in this chapter, we would review the present evidence in the use of ablation techniques as atrial fibrillation treatment.
Inter-individual differences in the transcriptional response of innate immune cells to infectious agents are common and likely contribute to varying susceptibility

1 Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA 2 Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA 3 Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada 4 Department of Genetics, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada 5 McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada 6 Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada 7 Genomic Medicine Center, Children's Mercy, Kansas City, MO, USA 8 Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA 9 Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 10 Quantitative Life Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada