Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
C/O RATIOS OF STARS WITH TRANSITING HOT JUPITER EXOPLANETS,

The relative abundances of carbon and oxygen have long been recognized as fundamental diagnostics of stellar chemical evolution. Now, the growing number of exoplanet observations enable estimation of these elements in exoplanetary atmospheres. In hot Jupiters, the C/O ratio affects the partitioning of carbon in the major observable molecules, making these elements diagnostic of temperature structure and composition. Here we present measurements of carbon and oxygen abundances in 16 stars that host transiting hot Jupiter exoplanets, and we compare our C/O ratios to those measured in larger samples of host stars, as well as those estimated for the corresponding exoplanet atmospheres. With standard stellar abundance analysis we derive stellar parameters as well as [C/H] and [O/H] from multiple abundance indicators, including synthesis fitting of the [O i] λ6300 line and non-LTE corrections for the O i triplet. Our results, in agreement with recent suggestions, indicate that previously measured exoplanet host star C/O ratios may have been overestimated. The mean transiting exoplanet host star C/O ratio from this sample is 0.54 (C/O☉ = 0.54), versus previously measured C/Ohost star means of ∼0.65–0.75. We also observe the increase in C/O with [Fe/H] expected for all stars based on Galactic chemical evolution; a linear fit to our results falls slightly below that of other exoplanet host star studies but has a similar slope. Though the C/O ratios of even the most-observed exoplanets are still uncertain, the more precise abundance analysis possible right now for their host stars can help constrain these planets' formation environments and current compositions.
Generalized guidance equation for peaked quantum solitons: the single particle case

We study certain non-linear generalisations of the Schrodinger equation which admit static solitonic 2 solutions in absence of external potential acting on the particle. We consider a class of solutions that can be written as a product of a solution of the linear Schrodinger equation with a peaked quantum soliton, in a regime where the size of the soliton is quite smaller than the typical scale of variation of the linear wave. In the non-relativistic limit, the solitons obey a generalized de Broglie-Bohm (dB-B) guidance equation. In first approximation, this guidance equation reduces to the dB-B guidance equation according to which they move at the so-called de Broglie-Bohm velocity along the hydrodynamical flow lines of the linear Schrodinger wave. If we consider a spinorial electronic wave function a la Dirac, its barycentre is predicted to move exactly in accordance with the dB-B guidance equation.
Proton and neutrino extragalactic astronomy

The study of extragalactic sources of high energy radiation via the direct measurement of the proton and neutrino fluxes that they are likely to emit is one of the main goals for the future observations of the recently developed air showers detectors and neutrino telescopes. In this work we discuss the relation between the inclusive proton and neutrino signals from the ensemble of all sources in the universe and the resolved signals from the closest and brightest objects. We also compare the sensitivities of proton and neutrino telescopes and comment on the relation between these two new astronomies.
On the mass of ultra-light bosonic dark matter from galactic dynamics

We consider the hypothesis that galactic dark matter is composed of ultra-light scalar particles and use internal properties of dwarf spheroidal galaxies to establish a preferred range for the mass m of these bosonic particles. We re-investigate the problem of the longevity of the cold clump in Ursa Minor and the problem of the rapid orbital decay of the globular clusters in Fornax and dwarf ellipticals. Treating the scalar field halo as a rigid background gravitational potential and using N-body simulations, we have explored how the dissolution timescale of the cold clump in Ursa Minor depends on m. It is demonstrated that for masses in the range 0.3x10^-22 eV < m <1x10^-22 eV, scalar field dark halos without self-interaction would have cores large enough to explain the longevity of the cold clump in Ursa Minor and the wide distribution of globular clusters in Fornax, but small enough to make the mass of the dark halos compatible with dynamical limits. It is encouraging to see that this interval of m is consistent with that needed to suppress the overproduction of substructure in galactic halos and is compatible with the acoustic peaks of cosmic microwave radiation. On the other hand, for self-interacting scalar fields with coupling constant l, values of m^4/l <= 0.55x10^3 eV^4 are required to account for the properties of the dark halos of these dwarf spheroidal galaxies.
A Half-Mode Cavity Backed Hybrid Array Antenna Using Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Technology

This article proposes a hybrid array antenna where a cavity-backed antenna is used jointly with a patch antenna using half-mode substrate integrated waveguide technology (HMSIW) to reduce antenna size. This hybrid structure consists of a flexible Rogers RO4003C substrate ( $\epsilon_{{r}} =3.55$ ) showing linearly polarized TE101 mode where the cross-polarization level (XPL) is less than −12 dBi. An inset feed has been utilized to excite the main cavity resonator, and later by proximity coupling, the parasitic patch is also excited in TE101 mode. By further dividing the outer patch, four new cases of antenna have emerged, and comprehensive investigations on their parameters based on simulation have been presented. It paints an upgrade of the antenna’s performance. As per simulations, further dividing of the patch helps to bring out positive changes in the antenna’s performance by escalating gain, bandwidth (BW), and efficiencies while also lessening XPL, sidelobe levels (SLLs), and associated loss up to a satisfying level. The proposed antenna is then fabricated and experimentally validated in its theoretical analysis. A couple of experimentally validated parameters make this fabricated sample suitable for wireless application and maintain good agreement with numerical simulation. CST Microwave Studio and HFSS carried out the associated numerical simulation.
High-resolution truncated plurigaussian simulations for the characterization of heterogeneous formations

Integrating geological concepts, such as relative positions and proportions of the different lithofacies, is of highest importance in order to render realistic geological patterns. The truncated plurigaussian simulation method provides a way of using both local and conceptual geological information to infer the distributions of the facies and then those of hydraulic parameters. The method (Le Loc'h and Galli 1994) is based on the idea of truncating at least two underlying multi-Gaussian simulations in order to create maps of categorical variable. In this manuscript we show how this technique can be used to assess contaminant migration in highly heterogeneous media. We illustrate its application on the biggest contaminated site of Switzerland. It consists of a contaminant plume located in the lower fresh water Molasse on the western Swiss Plateau. The highly heterogeneous character of this formation calls for efficient stochastic methods in order to characterize transport processes.
Fertility of Female Filipino and Indonesian Migrant Domestic Workers in Hong Kong

The relationship between migrant workers’ migratory moves and their fertility is complex. The literature on international migration contains three main explanations of the relationship—the disruption hypothesis, the adaptation hypothesis, and the selectivity hypothesis. The research reported in the literature has so far focused on international migrants, many of whom have the prospect of becoming legal immigrants, while there is little research on the relation between migration and fertility for Southeast Asian labor migrants who are on employment contracts and cannot gain permanent residency. Of the three hypotheses, only the disruption hypothesis is relevant for temporary migrant workers, yet its findings have been mixed. This research note aims to fill in the gap by focusing on the disruption hypothesis in an examination of Filipina and Indonesian migrant domestic workers’ migration and fertility trajectories, using the 2017 survey of Filipina and Indonesian migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong. The findings from the analysis suggest a disruptive effect of migration on fertility for the women in their earlier reproductive years from both Indonesia and the Philippines but not for the women in their later childbearing ages, thus shedding light on the divergent disruptive mechanism of migration on fertility.
Deletion of the col-26 Transcription Factor Gene and a Point Mutation in the exo-1 F-Box Protein Gene Confer Sorbose Resistance in Neurospora crassa

L-Sorbose induces hyperbranching of hyphae, which results in colonial growth in Neurospora crassa. The sor-4 gene, which encodes a glucose sensor that acts in carbon catabolite repression (CCR), has been identified as a sorbose resistance gene. In this study, we found that the deletion mutant of col-26, which encodes an AmyR-like transcription factor that acts in CCR, displayed sorbose resistance. In contrast, the deletion mutants of other CCR genes, such as a hexokinase (hxk-2), an AMP-activated S/T protein kinase (prk-10), and a transcription factor (cre-1), showed no sorbose resistance. Double mutant analysis revealed that the deletion of hxk-2, prk-10, and cre-1 did not affect the sorbose resistance of the col-26 mutant. Genes for a glucoamylase (gla-1), an invertase (inv), and glucose transporters (glt-1 and hgt-1) were highly expressed in the cre-1 mutant, even in glucose-rich conditions, but this upregulation was suppressed in the Δcre-1; Δcol-26a double-deletion mutant. Furthermore, we found that a dgr-2(L1)a mutant with a single amino-acid substitution, S11L, in the F-box protein exo-1 displayed sorbose resistance, unlike the deletion mutants of exo-1, suggesting that the function of exo-1 is crucial for the resistance. Our data strongly suggest that CCR directly participates in sorbose resistance, and that col-26 and exo-1 play important roles in regulating the amylase and glucose transporter genes during CCR.
Giant negative thermal expansion covering room temperature in nanocrystalline GaNxMn3

Nanocrystalline antiperovskite GaNxMn3 powders were prepared by mechanically milling. The micrograin GaNxMn3 exhibits an abrupt volume contraction at the antiferromagnetic (AFM) to paramagnetic (PM) (AFM-PM) transition. The temperature window of volume contraction (ΔT) is broadened to 50 K as the average grain size (⟨D⟩) is reduced to ∼30 nm. The corresponding coefficient of linear thermal expansion (α) reaches ∼ −70 ppm/K, which are comparable to those of giant NTE materials. Further reducing ⟨D⟩ to ∼10 nm, ΔT exceeds 100 K and α remains as large as −30 ppm/K (−21 ppm/K) for x = 1.0 (x = 0.9). Excess atomic displacements together with the reduced structural coherence, revealed by high-energy X-ray pair distribution functions, are suggested to delay the AFM-PM transition. By controlling ⟨D⟩, giant NTE may also be achievable in other materials with large lattice contraction due to electronic or magnetic phase transitions.
An Ultra Low-Power Programmable Voltage Reference for Power-Constrained Electronic Systems

This paper proposes a novel architecture for the generation of a programmable voltage reference: the background-calibrated (BC)-PVR. Our mixed-signal architecture periodically calibrates a static ultra low-power voltage reference generator, from an accurate bandgap reference. The portion of the chip used for the calibration can be powered down with a programmable duty-cycle. The system aims to fully exploit the small temperature derivative vs time $D_{T}$ of several application domains to minimize the average current consumption. The BC-PVR has been designed and implemented in TSMC 55-nm CMOS technology, and it achieves the largest reported programming reference output range [0.42 - 2.52] V, over the temperature range [−20, 85] °C. The duty-cycle mode allows nanoampere current consumption, and the large design flexibility permits to optimize the system performance for the specific application. These features make the BC-PVR very well-suited for power-constrained electronic systems.
Thermodynamic functions of magnetized Coulomb crystals

Free energy, internal energy and specific heat for each of the three phonon spectrum branches of a magnetized Coulomb crystal with body-centred cubic lattice are calculated by numerical integration over the Brillouin zone in the range of magnetic fields B and temperatures T, such that 0 ≤ ωB/ωp ≤ 10 3 and 10 −4 ≤ T/Tp ≤ 10 4 . In this case, ωB is the ion cyclotron frequency, ωp and Tp are the ion plasma frequency and plasma temperature, respectively. The results of numerical calculations are approximated by simple analytical formulas. For illustration, these formulas are used to analyse the behaviour of the heat capacity in the crust of a neutron star with strong magnetic field. Thermodynamic functions of magnetized neutron star crust are needed for modelling various observational phenomena in magnetars and high magnetic field
Inductive Power Transfer Battery Charger with IR-Based Closed-Loop Control

A wireless battery charger with inductive power transfer (IPT) was proposed in this paper. The commonly used constant-current constant-voltage (CC-CV) charging method is accomplished by a closed-loop controlled IPT with a hybrid resonant circuit on the secondary side. A smooth transition between the CC stage and the CV stage can be made simply by swapping exactly the associated switches on resonant capacitors. The required charging voltage and current are regulated by controlling the phase-shifted angle of the high-frequency inverter on the primary side. To stabilize the charging current and voltage, a closed-loop digital controller was introduced with infrared (IR) transmission feedback. Precise regulation of the resonant inverter on a relative small ranged phase-shifted angle can be realized by two 16-bit microcontroller units (MCUs) with compact encoding and decoding techniques. A hybrid resonant inverter was designed for a 600 W prototype of the proposed IPT battery charger. Experimental results from exemplar cases have demonstrated that the battery charger can provide a stable charging current at the CC stage and then transit smoothly into the CV stage.
Plasmonics of coupled graphene micro-structures

The optical response of graphene micro-structures, such as micro-ribbons and discs, is dominated by the localized plasmon resonance in the far infrared spectral range. An ensemble of such structures is usually involved and the effect of the coupling between the individual structures is expected to play an important role. In this paper, plasmonic coupling of graphene micro-structures in different configurations is investigated. Whereas a relatively weak coupling between graphene discs on the same plane is observed, the coupling between vertically stacked graphene discs is strong and a drastic increase of the resonance frequency is demonstrated. The plasmons in a more complex structure can be treated as the hybridization of plasmons from more elementary structures. As an example, the plasmon resonances of graphene micro-rings are presented, in conjunction with their response in a magnetic field. Finally, the coupling of the plasmon and the surface polar phonons of SiO2 substrate is demonstrated by the observation of a new hybrid resonance peak around 500 cm−1.
Multidimensional realistic modelling of Cepheid-like variables – I. Extensions of the antares code

We have extended the ANTARES code to simulate the coupling of pulsation with convection in Cepheid-like variables in an increasingly realistic way, in particular in multidimensions, 2D at this stage. Present days models of radially pulsating stars assume radial symmetry and have the pulsation-convection interaction included via model equations containing ad hoc closures and moreover parameters whose values are barely known. We intend to construct ever more realistic multidimensional models of Cepheids. In the present paper, the rst of a series, we describe the basic numerical approach and how it is motivated by physical properties of these objects which are sometimes more, sometimes less obvious. { For the construction of appropriate models a polar grid co-moving with the mean radial velocity has been introduced to optimize radial resolution throughout the dierent pulsation phases. The grid is radially stretched to account for the change of spatial scales due to vertical stratication and a new grid renement scheme is introduced to resolve the upper, hydrogen ionisation zone where the gradient of temperature is steepest. We demonstrate that the simulations are not conservative when the original weighted essentially non-oscillatory method implemented in ANTARES is used and derive a new scheme which allows a conservative time evolution. The numerical approximation of diusion follows the same principles. Moreover, the radiative transfer solver has been modied to improve the efciency of calculations on parallel computers. We show that with these improvements the ANTARES code can be used for realistic simulations of the convection-pulsation interaction in Cepheids. We discuss the properties of several numerical models of this kind which include the upper 42% of a Cepheid along its radial coordinate and assume dierent opening angles. The models are suitable for an in-depth study of convection and pulsation in these objects.
On a CFT limit of planar gamma(i)-deformed N=4 SYM theory

We show that an integrable four-dimensional non-unitary ﬁeld theory that was recently proposed as a certain limit of the γ i -deformed N = 4 SYM theory is incomplete and not conformal – not even in the planar limit. We complete this theory by double-trace couplings and ﬁnd conformal one-loop ﬁxed points when admitting respective complex coupling constants. These couplings must not be neglected in the planar limit, as they can contribute to planar multi-point functions. Based on our results for certain two-loop planar anomalous dimensions, we propose tests of integrability.
Surface resistance effects of medium temperature baking of buffered chemical polished 1.3 GHz nine-cell large-grain cavities

Three 1.3 GHz nine-cell large-grain superconducting niobium cavities were investigated with medium-temperature baking, using buffered chemical polishing to remove the impurity profiles from previous heat treatments. The average intrinsic quality factor in 2 K vertical tests of the cavities was 2.7 × 1010 at 16 MV m−1 with maximum accelerating gradients of 20–22 MV m−1. These promising values confirmed the effectiveness of an improved medium-temperature baking recipe for niobium cavities, beneficial for superconducting radiofrequency applications. Furthermore, resistance analysis demonstrated that medium-temperature baking reduced both the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) resistance and the residual resistance of the cavities. Impurity analysis on niobium samples provided some proof that the reduction in BCS resistance was due to the shortened electron mean free path while the reduction in residual resistance was probably associated with mitigation of the increase in interstitial impurity atoms.
Dual Targeting of MDM4 and FTH1 by MMRi71 for Induced Protein Degradation and p53-Independent Apoptosis in Leukemia Cells

MDM2 and MDM4 are cancer drug targets validated in multiple models for p53-based cancer therapies. The RING domains of MDM2 and non-p53-binder MDM2 splice isoforms form RING domain heterodimer polyubiquitin E3 ligases with MDM4, which regulate p53 stability in vivo and promote tumorigenesis independent of p53. Despite the importance of the MDM2 RING domain in p53 regulation and cancer development, small molecule inhibitors targeting the E3 ligase activity of MDM2-MDM4 are poorly explored. Here, we describe the synthesis and characterization of quinolinol derivatives for the identification of analogs that are capable of targeting the MDM2-MDM4 heterodimer E3 ligase and inducing apoptosis in cells. The structure-activity-relationship (SAR) study identified structural moieties critical for the inhibitory effects toward MDM2-MDM4 E3 ligase, the targeted degradation of MDM4 and FTH1 in cells, and anti-proliferation activity. Lead optimization led to the development of compound MMRi71 with improved activity. In addition to accumulating p53 proteins in wt-p53 bearing cancer cells as expected of any MDM2 inhibitors, MMRi71 effectively kills p53-null leukemia cells, an activity that conventional MDM2-p53 disrupting inhibitors lack. This study provides a prototype structure for developing MDM4/FTH1 dual-targeting inhibitors as potential cancer therapeutics.
Molecular Fingerprint-Derived Similarity Measures for Toxicological Read-Across: Recommendations for Optimal Use Molecular Fingerprint-Derived Similarity Measures for Toxicological Read-Across: Recommendations for Optimal Use. Regulatory Toxicology and

Stellar haloes encode a fossil record of a galaxy’s accretion history, generally in the form of structures of low surface brightness, such as stellar streams. While their low surface brightness makes it challenging to determine their age, metallicity, kinematics, and spatial structure, the infalling galaxies also deposit globular clusters (GCs) in the halo, which are bright and therefore easier to observe and characterize. To understand how GCs associated with stellar streams can be used to estimate the stellar mass and the infall time of their parent galaxy, we examine a subset of 15 simulations of galaxies and their star clusters from the E-MOSAICS project. E-MOSAICS is a suite of hydrodynamical simulations incorporating a sub-grid model for GC formation and evolution. We ﬁnd that more massive accreted galaxies typically contribute to younger and more metal-rich GCs. This lower age results from a more extended cluster formation history in more massive galaxies. In addition, at ﬁxed stellar mass, galaxies that are accreted later host younger clusters, because they can continue to form GCs without being subjected to environmental inﬂuences for longer. This explains the large range of ages observed for clusters associated with the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy in the halo of the Milky Way compared to clusters that are thought to have formed in satellites accreted early in the Milky Way’s formation history. Using the ages of the GCs associated with the Sagittarius dwarf, we estimate a virial radius crossing lookback time (infall time) of 9 . 3 ± 1 . 8 Gyr.