Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Personality Behavior Based on Family Structure Using a Thematic Apperception Test

This study focuses on analyzing the relationship between the ways an individual projects a story from a picture shown to him or her with the past and the family background of the individual. We have taken the sample of 30 students heterogeneous with respect to gender and age. Each respondent was shown three pictures and wrote one story per picture; the stories were then analyzed on the basis of a thematic apperception test (TAT). A human personality has many aspects and dimensions. We will be trying to throw some light on the impact that the family structure and the bringing up of an individual has on the development of his or her personality.
Feigning sexual desire: Consenting to unwanted sexual activity in heterosexual dating relationships

The prevalence rates of unwanted sexual activity indicate that a substantial proportion of both men and women are at risk for experiencing unwanted (nonconsensual) sexual activity. However, little is known about the extent to which men and women consent to unwanted sexual activity, such as when a person indicates willingness to engage in a sexual activity at a time when he or she experiences no sexual desire. In the current study, 80 male and 80 female U.S. college students involved in committed dating relationships kept diaries of their sexual interactions for two weeks. More than one third (38%) of the participants reported consenting to unwanted sexual activity during this period. The most common motives for engaging in this behavior were to satisfy a partner's needs, to promote intimacy, and to avoid relationship tension. Most participants reported positive outcomes associated with these motives. The results indicate that previous estimates of the prevalence of unwanted (nonconsensual) sexual experien.
Reduced wavelet packet and its application to beamspace ESPRIT algorithm in correlated signals

Subbanding method is one of the most successful applications of wavelet theory in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation problem. This paper illustrates the use of reduced wavelet packet filters for ESPRIT method, namely RWP-ESPRIT. Though we use the modified wavelet packet filters, the rotational invariance of the filtered data matrix holds. The proposed approach filters the signals into different subbands and then applies standard ESPRIT to the subband signals. Mapping method from the subband to the fullband is also formulated. Experimental results show that in sense of root mean square error (RMSE) reduction and output gain enhancement, RWP-ESPRIT outperforms ESPRIT in scenarios of highly correlated signals and/or low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
Evidence for Direct Electron Transfer by a Gram-Positive Bacterium Isolated from a Microbial Fuel Cell

ABSTRACT Despite their importance in iron redox cycles and bioenergy production, the underlying physiological, genetic, and biochemical mechanisms of extracellular electron transfer by Gram-positive bacteria remain insufficiently understood. In this work, we investigated respiration by Thermincola potens strain JR, a Gram-positive isolate obtained from the anode surface of a microbial fuel cell, using insoluble electron acceptors. We found no evidence that soluble redox-active components were secreted into the surrounding medium on the basis of physiological experiments and cyclic voltammetry measurements. Confocal microscopy revealed highly stratified biofilms in which cells contacting the electrode surface were disproportionately viable relative to the rest of the biofilm. Furthermore, there was no correlation between biofilm thickness and power production, suggesting that cells in contact with the electrode were primarily responsible for current generation. These data, along with cryo-electron microscopy experiments, support contact-dependent electron transfer by T. potens strain JR from the cell membrane across the 37-nm cell envelope to the cell surface. Furthermore, we present physiological and genomic evidence that c-type cytochromes play a role in charge transfer across the Gram-positive bacterial cell envelope during metal reduction.
Consultations and referrals for dyspepsia in general practice—a one year database survey

OBJECTIVE Dyspepsia usually presents first in primary care. There are many reasons for referral including urgent problems (for example, haematemesis and melaena), treatment failure, or to exclude serious pathology. Referral will change the population characteristics of primary and secondary care dyspeptics. Many of the guidelines for primary care dyspepsia, however, are based on secondary care research on these referred patients. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of dyspepsia in general practice, the characteristics of patients presenting with dyspepsia in primary care, and the clinical and non-clinical determinants of referral in these patients. DESIGN Cross sectional survey of the consultation records of patients presenting with dyspepsia in primary care during a one year period. METHODS Dyspeptic patients who consulted their general practitioner (GP) in 1997 were selected on the basis of International Classification of Primary Care codes using a computer search among 20 sentinel practices affiliated with the Utrecht Network of General Practitioners. Cross tables and logistic regression analysis were carried out to reveal patient characteristics and determinants of referral. RESULTS The prevalence of dyspepsia presenting in primary care in 1997 was 3.4% (1740/48958). These patients were usually not referred during the first consultation. Men, elderly patients, and patients with a previous history of dyspepsia were referred to secondary care more frequently than other dyspeptic patients. Patients diagnosed with both irritable bowel syndrome and dyspepsia were at risk of being referred most. CONCLUSION Dyspepsia is a frequently occurring complaint in primary care and patients are usually treated by their GP. Besides clinically relevant reasons for referral, dyspeptic patients with irritable bowel syndrome seem to be more “at risk” of being referred to secondary care than other dyspeptic patients. The differences between primary and secondary care dyspeptic patients should be taken into account when interpreting research for guideline purposes. Further research is needed to clarify the background of the relation between irritable bowel syndrome and dyspepsia and its influence on referral.
Deadbeat internal model control for command following and disturbance rejection in discrete-time systems

Internal model control is an established technique in continuous-time linear control but has not been developed for discrete-time systems in the shift and delta domains. In this paper, we present a new linear algebraic solution to the multivariable command following and disturbance rejection problem that unifies continuous and discrete time. Furthermore, we present deadbeat internal model control for discrete-time systems in the shift and delta domains
The Sample Average Approximation Method for Stochastic Discrete Optimization

In this paper we study a Monte Carlo simulation--based approach to stochastic discrete optimization problems. The basic idea of such methods is that a random sample is generated and the expected value function is approximated by the corresponding sample average function. The obtained sample average optimization problem is solved, and the procedure is repeated several times until a stopping criterion is satisfied. We discuss convergence rates, stopping rules, and computational complexity of this procedure and present a numerical example for the stochastic knapsack problem.
Self-balancing DC-link capacitor voltages in seven-level inverter using selective harmonics elimination PWM

In order to avoid the use of an additional circuit to balance the six capacitor voltages of the seven level NPC inverter, redundant states are exploited. The study is so complex because of the huge number of vectors. 720 cases are studied using the selective harmonics elimination PWM instead of space vector PWM. The proposed algorithm is validated in the case of inductive AC load.
Regional myocardial blood flow and glucose utilization during fasting and physiological hyperinsulinemia in humans.

We investigated the effect of insulin on total and regional myocardial blood flow (MBF) and glucose uptake (MGU) in healthy subjects (50 +/- 5 yr) by means of positron emission tomography (PET) with oxygen-15-labeled water (H(2)(15)O) and fluorine-18 labeled fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)FDG) before and during physiological hyperinsulinemia (40 mU.min(-1). m(-2)). Twelve male subjects were included in the study. During hyperinsulinemia, MBF increased from 0.91 +/- 0.28 to 1.01 +/- 0.31 ml.min(-1). g(-1) (n = 7 patients, P = 0.05; n = 112 regions, P < 0.005). Intersubject variability ranged from -3.0 to +41%. MGU increased from 0.11 +/- 0.08 (n = 5) to 0.56 +/- 0.08 micromol.min(-1). g(-1) (P < 0.0001, n = 7). MBF and insulin-mediated MGU were higher in the septum and anterior and lateral wall along short-axis regions of the heart. During hyperinsulinemia, MBF was also higher in the apex and midventricle compared with the base. MBF and MGU were positively correlated before (r = 0.66, P < 0.0001) and during hyperinsulinemia (r = 0.24, P < 0.05). These results provide evidence that insulin stimulates MBF in normal human hearts and appears to involve mainly those regions of the heart where insulin-mediated MGU is higher. Furthermore, regional distribution of insulin-stimulated MBF and MGU does not appear to be uniform across the left ventricular wall of healthy subjects.
Third-party trade, political similarity, and dyadic conflict

A growing literature maintains that trade is pacifying to interstate relations, and recent work on trade networks suggests that this pacifying effect extends to indirect trade ties. In this article, it is argued that third-party trade can also have an aggravating effect within dyads, by threatening to alter the dyadic balance of capabilities. For the state trading outside the dyad, trade gains from third parties provide incentives to demand change in the dyadic status quo and finance violent conflict when dyadic disputes arise. For the state whose dyadic partner trades with third parties, potential for the trading state to grow increasingly more powerful encourages action to prevent erosion of the non-trading state’s relative power. These aggravating effects are conditional, however, on dyadic political similarity, as concerns for relative capability shifts decrease when states do not view their dyadic partners as threats. Hypotheses derived from this argument are tested on data spanning 1885 to 2000. Results support these hypotheses, suggesting important implications for the literature on trade and conflict. When extending the relative gains arguments associated with realism beyond the dyad, a clear, yet conditional, aggravating effect of third-party trade emerges.
Preservice teachers' selection and use of content area literacy strategies

ABSTRACT Preservice teachers' selection and use of specific vocabulary and comprehension teaching strategies for a microteaching session in a field-based practicum attached to a required content area literacy course are described. Also, the degree to which these preservice teachers used their microteaching strategies in practicum assignments and student teaching is charted. Twenty-seven preservice content area teachers participated in the first phase of the study. They represented core content areas as well as art and music. The results revealed (a) substantial variability within and across disciplines in strategy selection, with 14 different strategies chosen for microteaching; (b) that 2 of 10 preservice teachers interviewed reported they continued to use the original strategy selected in subsequent practicum experiences; and (c) that 8 of 10 teachers interviewed reported using one of the content area literacy strategies from the course in subsequent practicums. Qualitative data from the interviews supp.
Indeterminacy and regularization: a process-based approach to the study of sociolinguistic variation and language ideologies

This article explores the concept of indeterminacy as a fundamental property of social life (Falk-Moore 1978) as it relates to key issues in sociolinguistic theory: the relationship between structure and agency and the way that linguistic signs are invested with social meanings. Indeterminacy emerges as a fundamental principle of sociolinguistic variables, context, speaker identity and participation structures, as a resource for speakers and as a possible objective of communicative practice. It stands in constant tension with processes of sociolinguistic regularization, as it is instantiated across texts, time and discourses and as it is embedded in particular social and political fields. The article argues that studying this tension is how a contemporary sociolinguistics can approach a coherent account of agency and constraint, change and continuity, reproduction and contestation of normative practices and dominant language ideologies.
Using Transmission Line Outage Data to Estimate Cascading Failure Propagation in an Electric Power System

We study cascading transmission line outages recorded over nine years in an electric power system with approximately 200 lines. The average amount of propagation of the line outages is estimated from the data. The distribution of the total number of line outages is predicted from the propagation and the initial outages using a Galton-Watson branching process model of cascading failure.
Infant's DNA Methylation Age at Birth and Epigenetic Aging Accelerators

Knowing the biological age of the neonates enables us to evaluate and better understand the health and maturity comprehensively. However, because of dearth of biomarkers, it is difficult to quantify the neonatal biological age. Here we sought to quantify and assess the variability in biological age at birth and to better understand how the aging rates before birth are influenced by exposure in intrauterine period by employing a novel epigenetic biomarker of aging (epigenetic clock). We observed that the methylation age at birth was independent of the infant's sex but was significantly influenced by race. Partial correlation analysis showed a significant negative relationship between maternal socioeconomic status and infants' methylation age (r s = −0.48, P s = 0.005). A significant association with the risk of fast aging was observed for prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke with OR (95% CI) of 3.17 (1.05–9.56). Both estimated cell abundance measures and lymphocyte subpopulations in cord blood showed that tobacco exposed group exhibit an altered T cell compartment, specifically substantial loss of naive T cells. Present study provides the first evidence that common perinatal exposure (such as maternal smoking and lower socioeconomic status) may be important aging accelerators and substantial loss of naive T cells may play a role in the smoking-related fast aging phenomenon.
An answerer recommender system exploiting collaboration in CQA services

Community-based Question Answering (CQA) services are becoming popular as the public gets used to look for help and obtain information. Existing CQA services try to recommend someone for answering new questions. On the other hand, people are allowed to exchange information and experience using various collaborative tools. It would be interesting to combine the two approaches to increase the reliability of recommending an answerer. Thus, relying on semantically modeled traces, we propose a comprehensive approach that recommends an answerer in a collaborative environment. From a global point of view, this approach consists in evaluating users by the performance in the CQA services and the corresponding knowledge sharing activities in which they participated in a collaborative context. By modeling and analyzing users' behavior, we assess the competency of an answerer in a particular collaborative context.
A Novel Combination of Opiates and Endothelin Antagonists to Manage Pain Without Any Tolerance Development

Several neurotransmitter mechanisms have been proposed as playing a role in the development of morphine tolerance. We provide evidence for the first time that endothelin antagonists can restore morphine analgesia in morphine-tolerant rats and prevent the development of tolerance to morphine. Studies were carried out in rats and mice treated with implanted placebo or implanted morphine pellet. The maximal tail-flick latency in morphine pellet + vehicletreated rats (7.54 seconds) was significantly lower when compared with placebo pellet + vehicle-treated rats (10 seconds), indicating that tolerance developed to the analgesic effect of morphine. BQ123 potentiated tail-flick latency by 30.0% in placebo-tolerant rats and 94.5% in morphine-tolerant rats compared with respective controls. BMS182874 potentiated tail-flick latency by 30.2% in placebotolerant rats and 66.7% in morphine-tolerant rats. The enhanced analgesic effect of morphine after treatment with endothelin antagonists could be blocked by naloxone, indicating an opiatemediated effect; but naloxone binding to brain membranes was not affected by BQ123. Guanosine triphosphate binding was stimulated by morphine and endothelin-1 in non-tolerant mice and not in morphine-tolerant mice; however, guanosine triphosphate binding was stimulated by BQ123 in morphine-tolerant mice and was unaffected in non-tolerant mice. These results suggest that uncoupling of G-protein occurs in morphine tolerance and endothelin antagonist restores the coupling of G-protein to its receptors. A combination use of endothelin antagonist and opiates could provide a novel approach in improving analgesia and eliminating tolerance.
Antiplatelet therapy may be continued after intracerebral hemorrhage.

An 81-year-old woman presented with sudden onset of aphasia and delirium. Her history is noted for cognitive decline and transient ischemic attacks. Head computed tomography showed a left temporal intracerebral hemorrhage; MRI showed few additional microbleeds. She was taking aspirin daily; it was withheld. Should aspirin be restarted in this patient? Continuation of antiplatelet therapy after intracerebral hemorrhage Fortunately, we live and work in an era when several interventions are known to prevent or treat ischemic stroke. For patients like this 81-year-old woman, secondary prevention of vascular disease with aspirin provides statistically and clinically significant absolute reductions in all serious vascular events, in all stroke, and in coronary events that offset the nonsignificant increase in the risk of intracranial hemorrhage.1 So, prescribing aspirin for this patient after her transient ischemic attacks was the right thing to do. However, we cannot be sure that aspirin was responsible for her …
The effect of aprotinin on interleukin‐8 concentration and leukocyte adhesion molecule expression in an isolated cardiopulmonary bypass system

We examined the effect of aprotinin on the production of interleukin‐8 and the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules in an isolated cardiopulmonary bypass circuit. Five healthy volunteers each donated 500 ml blood which was divided into equal portions (A) and (B). Portion A was treated with aprotinin 250 000 kallikrein inactivator units and added to a circuit primed with a further 250 000 kallikrein inactivator units. Portion B was simultaneously treated with 25 ml normal saline and added to an aprotinin‐free circuit. Samples of blood were taken at donation, after addition of a drug and at 30‐min intervals throughout isolated cardiopulmonary bypass. The interleukin‐8 increase was smaller in the aprotinin group but the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In contrast, aprotinin inhibited the cardiopulmonary bypass‐induced increase in monocyte (p < 0.05) and granulocyte (p < 0.01) CD18 and the increase in granulocyte, but not monocyte, CD11b (p < 0.05). Cardiopulmonary bypass had little effect on expression of L‐selectin. These results confirm that aprotinin attenuates leukocyte activation during isolated cardiopulmonary bypass.
Task novelty and intelligence

Psychology students were presented with a mental puzzle based on knowledge of geometry, with several versions of Wason's selection task, and with some tasks of essay writing. Test scores were obtained on a sentence completion test and a test of spatial configuration. With the different problem-solving tasks, a relationship between success and intellectual ability was observed only in cases where the data indicated that the subjects were familiar with the task in question. The results support the theory previously set forth by Raaheim; that only in situations where the degree of novelty is moderate, will the intelligent use of past experience prove beneficial to problem solving.
Mechanisms of Gal(alpha)1-3Gal(beta)1-4GlcNAc-R (alphaGal) expression on porcine valve endothelial cells.

OBJECTIVE We have previously reported that porcine valve endothelium does not express immunodetectable levels of the carbohydrate Gal(alpha)1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-R (known as alphaGal), suggesting that fresh porcine valve may be immunoprivileged. In this study, we further investigated the mechanisms of alphaGal expression on porcine valve endothelial cells. METHODS Primary cultures of porcine valvular endothelial cells were established and compared with porcine aortic endothelial cells and human vein endothelial cells. Immunoblotting, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and flow cytometry were used to compare the expression of alphaGal at both the protein and messenger RNA levels. RESULTS Porcine valvular endothelial cells grew rapidly on a gelatin substrate. Similar to our previous in vivo results, valve endothelial cells expressed alphaGal much less intensely than did aortic endothelial cells. Porcine aortic endothelial cells expressed an isolectin B4 (isolectin B4 lectin Bandeiraea simplicifolia) immunodetectable band at 135 kd that was not visible on porcine valve endothelial cells or on human vein endothelial cells. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction documented three transcripts of the alphaGal gene that were identically expressed on porcine valve and aortic endothelial cells. Furthermore, flow cytometry showed an almost identical surface profile between porcine aortic and valve endothelial cells, in contrast with human vein endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Cultures of primary valve endothelial cells were established and exhibited similar phenotypic patterns in vitro to those we have previously documented in vivo. RNA and flow cytometric analyses documented no difference between the RNA expression and surface protein profile for alphaGal, although whole-cell extracts demonstrated an immunodetectable band on Western blotting that was present on aortic endothelial cells but not on valve endothelial cells. These findings clarify the mechanism of expression of alpha1,3galactosyltransferase gene expression in valve endothelial cells, suggesting that delayed rejection of fresh porcine cardiac valves may occur.