Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison between Wall-modeled and Wall-resolved Large Eddy Simulations for the prediction of boundary-layer separation around the side mirror of a full-scale vehicle

Aeroacoustic noise is generated by boundary layer separation around side-mirrors of a vehicle. Since this type of flow includes transition phenomenon, CFD sensitivity is influenced by the several factors including wall modeling, solver formulation, solver scheme and mesh resolution. In order to predict boundary layer separation and vortex shedding around a side mirror, a high-fidelity Large Eddy Simulation (LES) methodology developed by Cascade Technologies was applied. In particular, dynamic slip wall modeling and Voronoi diagram based meshing were unique features of the approach. In this paper, the effectiveness was investigated by comparing the experimental pressure coefficient (Cp) data and wall resolved LES with the wall modeled LES. As the results, it was confirmed that this unique code could predict the boundary layer separation at a super-critical Reynolds number. A grid point was not required in the viscous bottom layer leading to a minimum normalized wall distance y+ of final case of approximately 7.0. It is shown that the wall normal resolution can be set 8 times larger than that of the wall resolved LES. Therefore the cell reduction directly influences the total calculation cost in the prediction of the boundary layer separation for the industrial use.
Shape optimization for a fluid-elasticity system

In this paper, we are interested in a shape optimization problem for a fluid-structure interaction system composed by an elastic structure immersed in a viscous incompressible fluid. The cost functional to minimize is an energy functional involving together the fluid and the elastic parts of the structure. The shape optimization problem is introduced in the 2-dimensional case. However the results in this paper are obtained for a simplified free-boundary 1-dimensional problem. We prove that the shape optimization problem is wellposed. We study the shape differentiability of the free-boundary 1-dimensional model. The full characterization of the associated material derivatives is given together with the shape derivative of the energy functional. A special case is explicitly solved, showing the relevancy of this shape optimization approach for a simplified free boundary 1-dimensional problem. The full model in two spatial dimensions is under studies now.
Land surface‐precipitation feedback analysis for a landfalling monsoon depression in the Indian region

A series of numerical experiments are carried out to investigate the sensitivity of a landfalling monsoon depression to land surface conditions using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Results suggest that precipitation is largely modulated by moisture influx and precipitation efficiency. Three cloud microphysical schemes (WSM6, WDM6, and Morrison) are examined, and Morrison is chosen for assessing the land surface‐precipitation feedback analysis, owing to better precipitation forecast skills. It is found that increased soil moisture facilitates Moisture Flux Convergence (MFC) with reduced moisture influx, whereas a reduced soil moisture condition facilitates moisture influx but not MFC. A higher Moist Static Energy (MSE) is noted due to increased evapotranspiration in an elevated moisture scenario which enhances moist convection. As opposed to moist surface, sensible heat dominates in a reduced moisture scenario, ensued by an overall reduction in MSE throughout the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL). Stability analysis shows that Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) is comparable in magnitude for both increased and decreased moisture scenarios, whereas Convective Inhibition (CIN) shows increased values for the reduced moisture scenario as a consequence of drier atmosphere leading to suppression of convection. Simulations carried out with various fixed soil moisture levels indicate that the overall precipitation features of the storm are characterized by initial soil moisture condition, but precipitation intensity at any instant is modulated by soil moisture availability. Overall results based on this case study suggest that antecedent soil moisture plays a crucial role in modulating precipitation distribution and intensity of a monsoon depression.
A Multi-Finger GHz Frequency Doubler Based on Amorphous Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide Thin Film Transistors

This paper presents a multi-finger doubler based on amorphous-indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin film transistors (TFT) operating at GHz frequency. The doubler and the TFTs have been fabricated in-house with chromium (Cr) gate electrodes. We have used the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute amorphous silicon (RPI-a) TFT DC model and a Null-Bias method extracted AC model for simulation. The device output power, the threshold voltage mismatch, and breakdown characteristics are explained with the help of the model. The device yield reduces as the number of fingers in the TFTs increase. The model helps explain the doubler’s non-idealities and compensate for these transistors’ low yield. The peak second harmonic conversion gain of the doubler is measured to be <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm {-32\,\,dB}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at a gate overdrive voltage of around <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm {2.8~V}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm {500~MHz}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> input signal. This second harmonic output frequency exceeds the TFT’s transit and maximum oscillation frequencies.
Synergetic Effects of Isoprene and HOx on Biogenic New Particle Formation

New particle formation (NPF) has been observed at various locations, but NPF does not occur in isoprene‐dominant forests. Recent laboratory studies were conducted to understand the role of isoprene in biogenic NPF, and these studies show that isoprene can suppress biogenic NPF, with contradicting theories. To reconcile these discrepancies, we conducted flow tube experiments of biogenic nucleation under a wide range of isoprene over monoterpene carbon ratios (R) and oxidant conditions (OH vs. ozone). Our results show isoprene either suppresses or enhances biogenic NPF, depending on R and oxidation regimes, demonstrating the synergetic effects of isoprene and HOx (OH and HO2) on biogenic NPF. Whereas the suppression of NPF by isoprene is due to the product suppression effects of monoterpene dimers (C20), RO2 + HO2 termination reactions also play important roles in suppressing the dimer formation, another likely process to suppress NPF in the atmosphere.
On two-coefficient identification in elliptic variational inequalities

Abstract This paper is concerned with elliptic variational inequalities that depend on two parameters. First, we investigate the dependence of the solution of the forward problem on these parameters and prove a Lipschitz estimate. Then, we study the inverse problem of identification of these two parameters and formulate two optimization approaches to this parameter identification problem. We extend the output least-squares approach, provide an existence result and establish a convergence result for finite-dimensional approximation. Further, we investigate the modified output least-squares approach which is based on energy functionals. This latter approach can be related to vector approximation.
Frequency of health care provider recommendations for HPV vaccination: a survey in three large cities in China

Introduction Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, an important pathogenic factor for cervical cancer, can be prevented by the HPV vaccine. Health care provider (HCP) recommendations contribute to improve HPV vaccination coverage. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of HCP recommendations for HPV vaccination and associated factors. Methods From Nov 8 to Dec 6 in 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted through online questionnaires among HCPs (n = 1,371) from hospitals in three large cities in China (Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen). Data on demographic characteristics, the frequency of HPV vaccination recommendations, HPV knowledge and related attitudes were collected through the questionnaires. Results Among 1,371 participants, only 30.2% reported that they frequently recommended HPV vaccination. Multivariate analyses indicated that female sex, being employed in obstetrics or gynecology departments and community health service centers, and having higher self-reported and actual knowledge of HPV were factors associated with a higher recommendation frequency. Factors including a self-perceived non-obligation to provide recommendations and difficulties in discussing sexual topics were significantly correlated with less frequent recommendations. Employment in a community health service center (OR = 2.068, 95% CI: 1.070–3.999) was the strongest factor associated with the frequency of HCPs’ recommendations for HPV vaccination. Discussion The frequency of HCPs’ recommendations for HPV vaccination in China was much lower than that in many developed countries. To enhance the recommendation frequency, medical institutions should help HCPs gain more knowledge of HPV and master communication skills. At the same time, the government should take measures to enhance the accessibility of HPV vaccines. The media should help to alleviate people’s concerns and encourage them to face up sexual health.
Molecular Cloning and Activity Study of the Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Brevinin-1EG From Pelophylax nigromaculatus

Objective/Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs for fighting this disease. Recent studies have reported that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can be used as anticancer drugs. Methods: We discovered brevinin-1EG, a novel antimicrobial peptide from Pelophylax nigromaculatus, using gene cloning techniques. Brevinin-1EG was then investigated for its structure and biological activity. Results: Brevinin-1EG, with an alpha-helical structure, showed broad-spectrum anti-proliferative activity against several cancer cell lines, including U-2OS, HepG2, HT-29, A375, HeLa, and A549 cells, with IC50 values ranging from 15 to 22 μg/mL. These same concentrations were insufficient to induce hemolysis in erythrocytes, indicating the safety of this molecule. Brevinin-1EG also exhibited antioxidant activity, scavenging ABTS·+ and DPPH free radicals. Conclusion: Brevinin-1EG has good safety and potential use as an anticancer therapeutic agent. It provides support for the research of new peptide drugs and templates for structural modification.
On the torque transmission by a Cardan-Hooke joint

In literature regarding the dynamics of the CardanHooke joint, the inertial characteristics of shafts and a cross and their influence on the joint torque transmission are often ignored (see e.g. [1]). In [2], the cross inertia and its effect on shafts bearing reactions at the constant angular velocity of the input shaft was considered. On the other hand, the problem of the torque transmission at a variable angular velocity of the input shaft and in the presence of both structural and error misalignments between the shafts is considered in [3]. Moreover, the inertial characteristic of the cross is not taken into account. In [4], only the inertia of shafts was taken into account. The aim of this paper is to form a relation between the applied and resisting torques, which will be taken into account inertial characteristics of both the cross and the shafts. In general case, the variable angular velocity of the input shaft is assumed where elasticity effects and friction are ignored.
Aesthetics in a Mathematics for Liberal Arts Project

Synopsis We present and assess a project and its rubric developed and assigned in Mathematics for Liberal Arts, a general education course for non-science and non-business majors, to incorporate different skills including aesthetic design, written and oral communication, and mathematical analysis to tackle a common optimization problem with an aesthetic slant: construct a beverage can (i.e., right circular cylinder) of a given volume while taking into account the cost of materials (i.e., surface area) and aesthetic qualities (e.g., the golden ratio).
Ranking-based Semantics for Abstract Argumentation

La theorie de l'argumentation abstraite de Dung est un formalisme permettant d'utiliser un systeme d'argumentation afin de representer des informations conflictuelles. Des semantiques a base d'extensions ont d'abord ete introduites dans le but de determiner quels arguments peuvent etre conjointement acceptes. Cependant, ces semantiques ne sont pas appropriees pour certaines applications, c'est pourquoi des semantiques a base de classement, permettant de classer les arguments du plus acceptable au moins acceptable, ont ete introduites. Le but de cette these est donc de proposer et d'etudier ces semantiques a base de classement dans le contexte de l'argumentation abstraite.Nous definissons d'abord une nouvelle famille de semantiques a base de classement basees sur un principe de propagation permettant de controler l'influence des arguments non-attaques sur l'acceptabilite des arguments. Nous etudions les proprietes de ces semantiques, les relations entre elles ainsi qu'avec d'autres semantiques existantes.Nous proposons ensuite deux methodes pour comparer les semantiques a base de classement. La premiere est une comparaison empirique sur des systemes d'argumentation generes aleatoirement donnant un apercu des similitudes et des differences entre ces semantiques. La seconde est une comparaison axiomatique de toutes ces semantiques a la lumiere des proprietes proposees visant a mieux comprendre le comportement de chaque semantique.Enfin, nous remettons en question la capacite des semantiques existantes a capturer certains principes de persuasion et introduisons une nouvelle semantique parametree a base de classement plus appropriee pour ce contexte precis.
Uma abordagem das características do modelo de negócio das fintechs gaúchas

Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo é investigar as características do modelo de negócio de quatro fintechs do Rio Grande do Sul. Metodologia: A partir do entendimento que esse negócio apresenta um modelo de negócio inovador, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa por meio de entrevistas. O modelo de negócio das fintechs foi analisado utilizando a lente teórica do Business Model Canvas (BMC) (Osterwalder & Pigneur, 2010). Originalidade/relevância: Este estudo busca entender como o modelo de negócio das fintechs é utilizado para obter vantagem competitiva. Com o propósito de compreender as características das fintechs, a utilização do BMC, o que não é recorrente em trabalhos acadêmicos, se tornou ponto chave neste estudo. Resultados: Os resultados revelam as principais proposições de valor das fintechs: facilidade e a transparência. Também, como elementos essenciais do modelo de negócio foram identificados: a diversidade de fontes de receitas; o papel das pessoas como um dos recursos-chave; e as parcerias com outras startups e fintechs. Contribuições teóricas e metodológicas: O estudo contribui para o campo acadêmico, visto que pesquisas sobre o modelo de negócio de fintechs ainda é pouco explorado. O framework Business Model Canvas estabelece modelos atuais e futuros, ilustra como o negócio faz sentido financeiramente. Na prática, o modelo de negócio constituído serve como um guia/mapa para gerentes do setor financeiro, bem como para as novas startups de serviços financeiros repensar seu modelo e fazer as atualizações necessárias para dar continuidade ao negócio.
Sensitivity of the 2014 Pentecost storms over Germany to different model grids and microphysics schemes

At Pentecost 2014, following a period of hot weather, northwestern Germany was affected by a series of severe convective storms leading to fatalities and significant damage from strong winds, heavy precipitation, hail, and lightning. We present convection‐permitting numerical simulations for 2 days of this event (8 and 9 June) using the COnsortium for Small‐scale MOdeling (COSMO) model. Whereas a control run in a nearly operational configuration successfully reproduced the convective events of the first day, it failed to adequately reproduce the events of the second day. To further assess the predictability of this event, sensitivity studies with an enlarged model domain, finer horizontal and vertical grid spacing, and a double‐moment microphysics scheme were performed. Results show that enlarging the model domain improved the results over France and the Netherlands by better resolving deep convection and secondary cell initiation in that area, but the model failed to simulate deep convection over Germany. The increase of model resolution from 2.8 km to 2.2 and 1 km had minor effects only. However, the errors of accumulated precipitation were diminished independently of the model domain and grid resolution on the first day when using the double‐moment microphysics scheme. A better result for 9 June was obtained by using later initialization times (0300 and 0600 UTC instead of 0000 UTC). The control run initialized at 0000 UTC produced one cell, which decayed while travelling over the Netherlands. In contrast, the runs initialized later produced thunderstorms over Germany as well, due to outflow triggering or cell splitting. Finally, different cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) assumptions revealed a systematic relationship for condensate amounts of cloud water, rain and ice with increasing CCN. However, the evaporation of raindrops at lower levels led to a non‐systematic response of accumulated precipitation to CCN. In addition, grid spacing effects on aerosol–cloud interactions were assessed.
Effects of Deficit Irrigation and Anti-Stressors on Water Productivity, and Fruit Quality at Harvest and Stored ‘Murcott’ Mandarin

A two-year experiment using ‘Murcott’ mandarin (Citrus reticulata) was conducted under deficit irrigation (DI) strategies with an anti-stressor application and then stored. The three DI regimes were 70% crop evapotranspiration (70% ETC), 85% ETc, and full irrigation (100% ETc). Anti-stressor treatments consisted of a foliar application of either sodium nitroprusside (SNP), selenium nanoparticles (NanoSe), microalgae (Spirulina platensis), or a non-treated control. Mean water productivity values were highest for trees at 70% ETc and 85% ETc when they were sprayed with microalgae, which was 42% and 51% greater, respectively, compared to control trees at 100% ETc, but only 6.5% and 13% greater, respectively, compared to trees sprayed with microalgae at 100% ETc. Trees sprayed with microalgae at 100% ETc or 85% ETc had the highest and second-highest fruit yields. The percentage of fruit water loss after 15 d storage at either 1.5 °C + 90% RH or 16 ± 2 °C + 60–65% RH was reduced at all DI regimes when trees were sprayed with an anti-stressor compared to control trees at the same DI regime. Trees sprayed with 150 μmol L−1 SNP had the only fruit peel that maintained the carotenoid content after cold storage. In general, trees sprayed with SNP were most successful at each DI regime for reduced Malondialdehyde (MDA), but after 15 d of cold storage, only trees sprayed with 150 μmol L−1 SNP at 85% ETc or 100% ETc and/or trees sprayed with NanoSe at 70% ETc had fruit that maintained low MDA content. Catalase and peroxidase enzyme activities and proline content were enhanced when trees were sprayed with 150 μmol L−1 SNP during DI strategies. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of deficit irrigation combined with anti-stressor applications to improve water productivity, fruit yields, and post-storage quality of ‘Murcott’ mandarin trees. These findings offer valuable insights into sustainable citrus production under limited water resources.
Distributed algorithm for dynamic economic power dispatch with energy storage in smart grids

The dynamic economic dispatch problem with energy storage in a smart grid scenario is studied, which aims at minimising the aggregate generation costs over multiple periods on condition that the time-varying demand is met, while physical constraints on generation and storage as well as system spinning reserve requirement are satisfied. In our model, energy storage devices are incorporated for not only inter-temporal energy arbitrage to reduce total generation cost, but also providing spinning reserve to share generators' burden. To solve this problem, we assume that the communication networks are strongly connected directed graphs and propose a fully distributed algorithm based on the `consensus-like' iterative algorithm and the alternating direction method of multipliers. Our algorithm is distributed in the sense that no leader or master nodes are needed, while all the nodes conduct local computation and communicate merely with their neighbours. Numerical simulation is included to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Improving fermat factorization algorithm by dividing modulus into three forms

Integer Factorization (IF) becomes an important issue since RSA which is the public key cryptosystem was occurred, because IF is one of the techniques for breaking RSA. Fermat’s Factorization Algorithm (FFA) is one of integer factorization algorithms that can factor all values of modulus. In general, FFA can factor the modulus very fast in case that both of prime factors are very close. Although many factorization algorithms improved from FFA were proposed, it is still time – consuming to find the prime factors. The aim of this paper is to present a new improvement of FFA in order to reduce the computation time to factor the modulus by removing some iterations of the computation. In fact, the key of the proposed algorithm is the combination within the three techniques to check the forms of the modulus before making decision to leave some integers out from the computation. In addition, the proposed algorithm is called Multi Forms of Modulus for Fermat Factorization Algorithm (Mn-FFA). The experimental results show that Mn-FFA can reduce the iterations of computation for all values of the modulus when it is compared with FFA and the other improved algorithms.
A polarization image enhancement method for glioma

Polarization imaging technique (PIT) based on a backward scattering 3 × 3 Mueller matrix polarization imaging experimental setup is able to study the optical information and microstructure of glioma and non-glioblastoma tissues from clinical treatment. However, the image contrast of Mueller Matrix Elements (MME) is far from sufficient to provide supplemental information in the clinic, especially in off-diagonal MME. The aim of this work is to propose an innovative method to improve the contrast and quality of PIT images of glioma and non-glioma tissues. The work first confirms the robustness of the method by evaluating the enhanced images and assessment coefficients on ex vivo unstained glioma and non-glioma sample bulks, then the optimal enhancement results are tested and presented based on the multi-sample tests. This PIT image enhancement method can greatly improve the contrast and detailed texture information of MMEs images, which can provide more useful clinical information, and further be used to identify glioma and residues in the intraoperative environment with PIT.