Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Note on Background Independence in Noncommutative Gauge Theories, Matrix Model and Tachyon Condensation

Using the construction of D-branes with nonzero $B$ field in the matrix model we give a physical interpretation of the known background independence in gauge theories on a noncommutative space. The background independent variables are identified as the degrees of freedom of the underlying matrix model. This clarifies and extends some recent results about the end point of tachyon condensation in D-branes with a $B$ field. We also explain the freedom in the description which is parametrized by a two form $\Phi$ from the points of view of the noncommutative geometry on the worldvolume of the branes, and of the first quantized string theory.
Inversion of high‐rate (1 sps) GPS data for rupture process of the 11 March 2011 Tohoku earthquake (Mw 9.1)

The space‐time fault displacement history of the 11 March 2011 Tohoku (Mw 9.1) megathrust earthquake is obtained by least‐squares inversion of high‐rate (1 sample per second) GPS ground motions recorded in Japan. Complete near‐source time‐varying and static ground motions for periods ≥25 s are fit in the inversion using a normal mode formalism to compute the Green functions. The basic rupture pattern is stable for various choices of model parameters and solution smoothing, and excellent fits to the complete seismo‐geodetic ground motions are obtained. The preferred solution has concentrations of slip near the trench and hypocenter, with sub‐fault source time function durations of ∼30–70 s and maximum slip of ∼60 m. Down‐dip slip spreads over a wider area with smaller maximum slip (<∼10–15 m). Inversion of the high‐rate GPS data exploits both the timing and total displacement information in the ground motions, yielding stable estimates of the seismic moment (∼4.8 × 1022 Nm; Mw = 9.1) and slip distribution.
Sum Capacity of One-Sided Parallel Gaussian Interference Channels

The sum capacity of the one-sided parallel Gaussian interference channel is shown to be a concave function of user powers. Exploiting the inherent structure of the problem, we construct a numerical algorithm to compute it. Two suboptimal schemes are compared with the capacity-achieving scheme. One of the suboptimal schemes, namely iterative waterfilling, yields close-to-capacity performance when the cross link gain is small.
Web service execution model for cloud environment

Web services describe a standardized way of integrating Web-based applications. In recent days, with the advancement of cloud computing, web services play pivoting roles towards meeting complex business objectives on a large scale. However, engineering dynamic web services is a complex task as they can be added, modified and deleted on the fly and even without any prior notification. Executing a large scale business process using dynamic web services is very challenging. This paper proposes an execution machine, called Web Service Dynamic Execution Machine (WSDE machine), which works in the execution layer of the three layered architecture for web service dynamics [23]. The proposed machine is capable of executing business processes having both deterministic and non-deterministic flows, where the related web services are represented using a graph-based semantic based formal model. The generic nature of the WSDE machine is useful in improving performance, scalability and maintainability of large scale web service based information systems. In this paper, the proposed WSDE machine is also illustrated with a suitable case study.
Word Spotting: Indexing Handwritten Archives

There are many historical manuscripts written in a single hand which it would be useful to index. Examples include the early Presidential papers at the Library of Congress and the collected works of W. B. DuBois at the library of the University of Massachusetts. The standard technique for indexing documents is to scan them in, convert them to machine readable form (ASCII) using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and then index them using a text retrieval engine. However, OCR does not work well on handwriting. Here, an alternative scheme is proposed for indexing such texts. Each page of the document is segmented into words. The images of the words are then matched against each other to create equivalence classes (each equivalence classes contains multiple instances of the same word). The user then provides ASCII equivalents for say the top 2000 equivalence classes. The current paper deals with the matching aspects of this process. Due to variations in even a single person’s handwriting, it is expected that the matching will be the most diff icult step in the whole process. Two different techniques for matching words are discussed. The first method, based on Euclidean distance mapping, matches words assuming that the transformation between the words may be modelled by a translation (shift). The second method, based on an algorithm developed by Scott and Longuet-Higgins, matches words assuming that the transformation between the words may be modelled by an affine transform. Experiments are shown demonstrating the feasibility of the approach for indexing handwriting.
Everyday recomposition: Precarity and socialization in Thailand's migrant workforce

As a site of manufacturing growth since the 1990s, the Mae Sot industrial zone in northwest Thailand has increasingly employed migrant workers from Myanmar. Yet the social dynamics of Myanmar migrant groups employed in Mae Sot's garment sector do not align with North Atlantic narratives of class fragmentation. Rather, labor flexibilization at this site has had socially constitutive effects. As flexibilization has expanded in Thailand, the very practices by which the country's garment companies have sought to create low-wage, flexible workforces have themselves produced conditions of possibility for new forms of relationality and socialization among workers. The resulting social cohesion has formed, in turn, a basis for solidarity among workers when they carry out factory strikes. [flexible labor, precarity, solidarity, undocumented migrants, Thailand, Myanmar]
All-Termination ( SCP )

We recently introduced the All-Termination(T ) problem: given a termination solver T and a function F , find every subset of the formal parameters to F whose consideration is sufficient to show, using T , that F terminates. These subsets can be harnessed by a theorem prover to locate and justify induction schemes, and are also useful for guiding rewriting heuristics and ensuring their termination. In this paper, we study the All-Termination problem for SCP (polynomial size-change analysis), a powerful, cubic-time termination analysis. SCP is the first nonmonotonic termination analysis studied in the context of All-Termination, making its analysis both challenging and informative. We develop an algorithm for solving the All-Termination(SCP) problem, and briefly report on initial experimental results obtained on the ACL2 regression suite.
Aquatic polymers can drive pathogen transmission in coastal ecosystems

Gelatinous polymers including extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) are fundamental to biophysical processes in aquatic habitats, including mediating aggregation processes and functioning as the matrix of biofilms. Yet insight into the impact of these sticky molecules on the environmental transmission of pathogens in the ocean is limited. We used the zoonotic parasite Toxoplasma gondii as a model to evaluate polymer-mediated mechanisms that promote transmission of terrestrially derived pathogens to marine fauna and humans. We show that transparent exopolymer particles, a particulate form of EPS, enhance T. gondii association with marine aggregates, material consumed by organisms otherwise unable to access micrometre-sized particles. Adhesion to EPS biofilms on macroalgae also captures T. gondii from the water, enabling uptake of pathogens by invertebrates that feed on kelp surfaces. We demonstrate the acquisition, concentration and retention of T. gondii by kelp-grazing snails, which can transmit T. gondii to threatened California sea otters. Results highlight novel mechanisms whereby aquatic polymers facilitate incorporation of pathogens into food webs via association with particle aggregates and biofilms. Identifying the critical role of invisible polymers in transmission of pathogens in the ocean represents a fundamental advance in understanding and mitigating the health impacts of coastal habitat pollution with contaminated runoff.
Evidence against the Paradigm of Energy Minimization in Protein Design

Stating protein design as an energy minimization in the space of amino acid sequences and rotamer combinations is usual. In the current paper an evolutionary algorithm built on this paradigm is presented, where each candidate sequence is threaded by SCWRL onto a fixed backbone structure and the energy of the resulting protein is estimated by FOLD-X. The high accuracy of such an estimate provides grounds for the hypothesis that the lowestenergy sequences may not fold into the input backbone structure, since the algorithm easily finds sequences that have a lower FOLD-X energy than the native sequence and are very different from it.
Design of tetra-band frequency reconfigurable antenna for portable wireless applications

This paper presents the design of multi and wide band frequency reconfigurable monopole antenna, using FR4 as a substrate with thickness of 1.6mm. The radiating element is printed on a truncated metallic ground plane. The antenna works in a single-band and two dual-band modes using two switches. The single-band (WiMAX at 3.45GHz) mode is obtained when both switches (SW1 and SW2) are in OFF state. The first Dual-band (Wi-Fi at 2.45 GHz and WLAN at 5.45 GHz) mode is achieved when one particular switch of the two switches is turned ON. When both switches are turned ON, the antenna functions in the second dual band mode(GSM at 1.8GHz and WLAN at 5.45GHz). This monopole antenna is designed using computer simulation technology 2011(CST Microwave studio). The designed antenna's performance is examined on the basis of return loss, radiation pattern, Gain,Efficiency and VSWR.
THE BEST OF TWO WORLDS: RETRIEVING AND BROWSING

This paper describes the combination of two software systems for work with music corpora in electronic formats. A set of algorithms has been developed in CPN View (a class library for representing music scores) that deals with music score processing. These facilitate access to the ever-increasing collections of music corpora [1]. The Sonic Browser (a browser that uses sonic spatialization for navigating music or sound databases) has been developed to the proof-of-concept and prototype implementation stage. In previous work it has been demonstrated that with the Sonic Browser it is up to 28% faster for users to find a particular melody in a set of melodies, compared to visual browsing [2].
Reasoning with enhanced Temporal Entity-Relationship Models ( Preliminary Report )

Recent efforts in the Conceptual Modelling community have been devoted to properly capture time-varying information. Various temporally enhanced Entity-Relationship (ER) models have been proposed that are intended to model the temporal aspects of database conceptual schemas. This preliminary work gives a logical formalisation of the various properties that characterise and extend different temporal ER models which are found in literature. The formal language we propose is a member of the family of Description Logics (DL), which have been proved useful for a logical reconstruction of the most popular conceptual data modelling formalisms, including the (enhanced) ER model. The proposed DL has the ability to express both enhanced temporal ER schemas and Integrity Constraints (IC) in the form of general axioms imposed on the schema itself. The devised logic has a decidable reasoning problem, thus allowing for automated reasoning over the whole conceptual representation, which includes both the ER schema and the ICs over it.
Several Aspects of Antimatroids and Convex Geometries Master's Thesis

Convexity is important in several elds, and we have some theories on it. In this thesis, we discuss a kind of combinatorial convexity, in particular, antimatroids and convex geometries. An antimatroid is a combinatorial abstraction of convexity. It has some di erent origins; by Dilworth in lattice theory, by Edelman and Jamison in the notions of convexity, by Korte{Lov asz who were motivated by scheduling problems. A convex geometry is known as a dual object of an antimatroid. In this thesis, we have four main topics. The rst topic is a characterization result. We characterize line-search antimatroids of rooted digraphs by their forbiddenminors. It implies that the minor theorem for antimatroids does not hold, while it holds for graphs. The second topic is an antimatroidal analogue of Dilworth's decomposition theorem for partially ordered sets. We show a characterization of coatomic antimatroids via the concept of circuits. The third topic is related to submodular-type optimization, which discusses what the \good combinatorial structure" for optimization is. We consider a submodulartype optimization problem on the extreme sets of a convex geometry. We introduce a new kind of submodularity, called c-submodularity, and show that the equivalence between the validity of a greedy algorithm and the c-submodularity of a given function. Moreover, we give a new characterization of a poset shelling, related to this result. The fourth topic is an application of convex geometries to the theory of cooperative games. We show that, if a game on a convex geometry is quasi-convex, then the core is a unique stable set of the game.
WHICH INSTITUTIONS , LEGAL AND ECONOMIC , ALLOW INNOVATIONS ?

The follow work has as its main goal to explain the assimetric paths of technological innovation in Brazil and United States and to show how the “Lei da Inovação Brasileira” (Lei 10.973/04 Brazilian Innovation Act) can contribute to ameliorate this difference, creating a favorable environment to research and new technologies development in Brazil among firms and universities. Since both countries were discovered about the same time and passed trough colonization and immigration processes, what would be the reason to the severe differences regarding technological innovation? As the United States occupy a leading position in the world scenario, Brazil doesn’t even appear in the most innovative countries in the world ranking. The reason would be in the path dependence of both countries.
I Know Where You are: Proofs of Presence Resilient to Malicious Provers

In the recent years, new services and businesses leveraging location-based services (LBS) are rapidly emerging. On the other hand this has raised the incentive of users to cheat about their locations to the service providers for personal benefits. Context-based proofs-of-presence (PoPs) have been proposed as a means to enable verification of users' location claims. However, as we show in this paper, they are vulnerable to context guessing attacks. To make PoPs resilient to malicious provers we propose two complementary approaches for making context-based PoPs: one approach focuses on surprisal filtering based on estimating the entropy of particular PoPs in order to detect context measurements vulnerable to such attacks. The other approach is based on utilizing longitudinal observations of ambient modalities like noise level and ambient luminosity. It is capable of extracting more entropy from the context to construct PoPs that are hard to guess by an attacker even in situations in which other context sensor modalities fail to provide reliable PoPs.
Differentiated Evaluation of Extract-Specific Evidence on Cimicifuga racemosa's Efficacy and Safety for Climacteric Complaints

Past reviews on Cimicifuga racemosa (CR) without differentiation between extracts, quality, and indication altogether led to inconsistent data. Therefore, for the first time, we meet the requirements of the system's logic of evidence-based phytotherapy by taking into consideration extracts, pharmaceutical quality (reflected in a regulatory status as medicinal product), and indication. A literature search for clinical studies examining CR's efficacy and safety for menopausal complaints was conducted. The results were sorted by type of extract, regulatory status, and indication. Accordingly, Oxford Levels of Evidence (LOE) and Grades of Recommendation (GR) were determined. CR extracts demonstrated a good to very good safety in general, on estrogen-sensitive organs and the liver. However, only registered CR medicinal products were able to prove their efficacy. Best evidence was provided by the isopropanolic CR extract (iCR): the multitude of studies including more than 11,000 patients demonstrated consistent confirmatory evidence of LOE 1b (LOE 1a for safety) leading to GR A. The studies on the ethanolic extract BNO 1055 including more than 500 patients showed exploratory evidence of LOE 2b resulting in GR B. A positive benefit-risk profile is stated and limited to Cimicifuga racemosa products holding a marketing authorisation for treating climacteric complaints.
Global Real-Time Memory-Centric Scheduling for Multicore Systems

As the number of cores increases, more master components can simultaneously access main memory. In real-time systems, this ongoing trend is leading to crippling pessimism when computing the worst-case cache miss time, since a memory request could potentially contend with other requests coming from every other core in the system. CPU-centric scheduling policies, therefore, are no longer sufficient to guarantee schedulability without introducing unacceptable pessimism for memory-intensive task sets. For this reason, we believe a shift is needed towards real-time scheduling approaches that can prevent timing interference from memory contention, while still making efficient use of the multicore platform. Previously, we have demonstrated the practicality of the PREM task model, where each job consists of a sequence of phases, some of which access memory and some of which perform only computation on cached data. In this work, we present the first global memory-centric scheduling policy for memory-intensive task sets whose jobs can be modeled as a sequence of memory-intensive (memory phase) and execution-intensive (execution phase) phases. The proposed policy is parameterizable based on the number of cores which are allowed to concurrently access main memory without saturating it. Building upon results from multicore response-time analysis, we introduce the notion of virtual memory cores as a fundamental technique for performing phase-based response time analysis for memory-intensive task sets. Finally, we use synthetic task set generation to demonstrate that proposed scheduling policy and related schedulability bound do indeed better schedule memory-intensive task sets when compared to state-of-art multicore scheduling.
Farm animal genomics and informatics: an update

Farm animal genomics is of interest to a wide audience of researchers because of the utility derived from understanding how genomics and proteomics function in various organisms. Applications such as xenotransplantation, increased livestock productivity, bioengineering new materials, products and even fabrics are several reasons for thriving farm animal genome activity. Currently mined in rapidly growing data warehouses, completed genomes of chicken, fish and cows are available but are largely stored in decentralized data repositories. In this paper, we provide an informatics primer on farm animal bioinformatics and genome project resources which drive attention to the most recent advances in the field. We hope to provide individuals in biotechnology and in the farming industry with information on resources and updates concerning farm animal genome projects.
Fast rotation invariant face detection in color image using multi-classifier combination method

A robust and real-time facial detector has been designed using multi-classifier combination method. The new detector composes of three classifiers: Skin color detector, AdaBoost detector based on haar-like features, and eye-mouth detector, a semi-serial architecture is designed to combine the three detectors, which set up the division and cooperation system and draw on each other's merits to implement the quick and efficient facial detection. An illumination independent skin color detector has been designed. Retinex algorithm based on the advanced adaptive smoothing filter is exploited to remove illuminant in color images and then skin color pixels are classified through there color information. This method increase efficiency and ability of skin color detection in images contaminated by illuminant. Besides this, the advanced adaptive smoothing algorithm adopts adaptive windows to replace the iteration, which guarantees real-time performance of skin color detector. Based on the acquirement and conditions of the new facial detector, a simple efficient eye-mouth classifier has been designed to reduce miss detection caused by rotary faces. The detector chooses color feature of eyes and mouth and geometric feature between eyes and mouth. Experimental result proves that the new face detector implements real-time face detection and improves detection robustness.
Neural factors regulate AChR subunit mRNAs at rat neuromuscular synapses

To elucidate the nature of signals that control the level and spatial distribution of mRNAs encoding acetylcholine receptor (AChR), alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta- and epsilon-subunits in muscle fibers chronic paralysis was induced in rat leg muscles either by surgical denervation or by different neurotoxins that cause disuse of the muscle or selectively block neuromuscular transmission pre- or postsynaptically and cause an increase of AChRs in muscle membrane. After paralysis, the levels and the spatial distributions of the different subunit-specific mRNAs change discoordinately and seem to follow one of three different patterns depending on the subunit mRNA examined. The level of epsilon- subunit mRNA and its accumulation at the end-plate are largely independent on the presence of the nerve or electrical muscle activity. In contrast, the gamma-subunit mRNA level is tightly coupled to innervation. It is undetectable or low in innervated normally active muscle and in innervated but disused muscle, whereas it is abundant along the whole fiber length in denervated muscle or in muscle in which the neuromuscular contact is intact but the release of transmitter is blocked. The alpha-, beta-, and delta-subunit mRNA levels show a different pattern. Highest amounts are always found at end-plate nuclei irrespective of whether the muscle is innervated, denervated, active, or inactive, whereas in extrasynaptic regions they are tightly controlled by innervation partially through electrical muscle activity. The changes in the levels and distribution of gamma- and epsilon- subunit-specific mRNAs in toxin-paralyzed muscle correlate well with the spatial appearance of functional fetal and adult AChR channel subtypes along the muscle fiber. The results suggest that the focal accumulation at the synaptic region of mRNAs encoding the alpha-, beta- , delta-, and epsilon-subunits, which constitute the adult type end- plate channel, is largely determined by at least two different neural factors that act on AChR subunit gene expression of subsynaptic nuclei.