Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Existential hazards of the multicultural individual: defining and understanding "cultural homelessness".

Cultural homelessness (CH) is the authors' term to describe unique experiences and feelings reported by some multicultural individuals. Ethnically related concepts found in the cross-cultural and multiethnic literature (e.g., marginality, intercultural effectiveness, ethnic enclaves, reference group) are used to explain how CH may arise from cross-cultural tensions within the ethnically mixed family and between the family and its culturally different environment, especially due to geographic moves. CH is conceptualized as a situationally imposed developmental challenge, forcing the child to accommodate to contradictory and changing norms, values, verbal and nonverbal communication styles, and attachment processes. Culturally homeless individuals may enjoy a broader, stronger cognitive and social repertoire because of their multiple cultural frames of reference. However, code-switching,complexities may lead to emotional and social confusion, which, if internalized, may result in self-blame and shame. Culturally encoded emotion labeling may be disrupted, leading to alexithymia.
Norms on the Harvard group scale of hypnotic susceptibility, form A.

Abstract Norms are presented on an adaptation for group administration with self-report scoring of Weitzenhoffer and Hilgard's Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, Form A. Comparisons are made between a sample of 132 undergraduates given the new group-administered version and four reference samples including the original Stanford University normative group. Findings indicate that the group-administered version yields norms congruent with the individually-administered original. Diagnostic evaluations of hypnotic depth after one or more additional hypnotic training sessions tentatively indicate that the adapted scale is an effective predictor of subsequent hypnotic depth.
VLA AND ALMA IMAGING OF INTENSE GALAXY-WIDE STAR FORMATION IN z ∼ 2 GALAXIES

We present ≃0. ″4 resolution extinction-independent distributions of star formation and dust in 11 star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at z = 1.3–3.0. These galaxies are selected from sensitive blank-field surveys of the 2′ × 2′ Hubble Ultra-Deep Field at λ = 5 cm and 1.3 mm using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. They have star formation rates (SFRs), stellar masses, and dust properties representative of massive main-sequence SFGs at z ∼ 2. Morphological classification performed on spatially resolved stellar mass maps indicates a mixture of disk and morphologically disturbed systems; half of the sample harbor X-ray active galactic nuclei (AGNs), thereby representing a diversity of z ∼ 2 SFGs undergoing vigorous mass assembly. We find that their intense star formation most frequently occurs at the location of stellar-mass concentration and extends over an area comparable to their stellar-mass distribution, with a median diameter of 4.2 ± 1.8 kpc. This provides direct evidence of galaxy-wide star formation in distant blank-field-selected main-sequence SFGs. The typical galactic-average SFR surface density is 2.5 M⊙ yr−1 kpc−2, sufficiently high to drive outflows. In X-ray-selected AGN where radio emission is enhanced over the level associated with star formation, the radio excess pinpoints the AGNs, which are found to be cospatial with star formation. The median extinction-independent size of main-sequence SFGs is two times larger than those of bright submillimeter galaxies, whose SFRs are 3–8 times larger, providing a constraint on the characteristic SFR (∼300 M⊙ yr−1) above which a significant population of more compact SFGs appears to emerge.
Signal properties of spaceborne squint-mode SAR

This paper presents signal properties of spaceborne, strip-map SAR for very large squint angles. Doppler centroid, azimuth bandwidth, and exposure time are derived in terms of the platform attitude and elevation angle. This allows a description of the Doppler centroid variation with range and terrain height, and explains a possible range dependence of azimuth bandwidth at high squint. The yaw and pitch required to minimize Doppler centroid and azimuth bandwidth variation are derived, and residual Doppler centroid variation in the presence of antenna pointing errors is presented. The SAR constraint on the relationship between swath width and azimuth bandwidth is revisited for high squint, and is used to present a fundamental limit on squint angle. Finally, processing considerations arising from the shape of the two-dimensional (2D) spectrum with high squint are discussed.
Efficient Algorithm for Maximizing Betweenness Centrality in Large Networks

Betweenness centrality captures the importance of a vertex by quantifying the number of times it is traversed as part of the shortest path between other vertices. Betweenness centrality maximization is a fundamental task in network analysis with a wide range of applications. Specifically, given a network $G$ and a positive integer $k$, this problem aims to find a set with $k$ vertices that has the maximum betweenness centrality. Previous research has investigated different techniques for approximating betweenness centrality maximization with near-linear time complexity. Despite the theoretical guarantees that minimize the sample size, computing the betweenness centrality of all vertices can still be time-consuming, particularly for large graphs. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm, BKBWC, for maximizing the betweenness centrality of a set of $k$ vertices in a network. Our method utilizes the bottom-k sketch to enable early termination when the seed set size meets $k$, significantly accelerating the algorithm while maintaining accuracy. We demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of our method on 10 real-world datasets, showing that our algorithm achieves 30x speedup compared with the state-of-the-art approach HEDGE, while still producing results comparable to exact methods in terms of accuracy.
Development of a new type of recurrent co-active neuro-fuzzy system for system identification

In this paper, the development of a new type of recurrent co-active neuro-fuzzy system is presented, together with its application to system identification. Hybrid learning based on fuzzy clustering algorithm and the steepest-descent method is used to train the proposed neuro-fuzzy system. The experimental case studies refer to the identification of a simulated plant and the evaporator system of the evaporation station from a sugar factory. The identification is performed using the proposed recurrent co-active neuro-fuzzy system. The obtained results demonstrate the efficiency of the approach.
Control of Ca2+ Influx and Calmodulin Activation by SK-Channels in Dendritic Spines

The key trigger for Hebbian synaptic plasticity is influx of Ca2+ into postsynaptic dendritic spines. The magnitude of [Ca2+] increase caused by NMDA-receptor (NMDAR) and voltage-gated Ca2+ -channel (VGCC) activation is thought to determine both the amplitude and direction of synaptic plasticity by differential activation of Ca2+ -sensitive enzymes such as calmodulin. Ca2+ influx is negatively regulated by Ca2+ -activated K+ channels (SK-channels) which are in turn inhibited by neuromodulators such as acetylcholine. However, the precise mechanisms by which SK-channels control the induction of synaptic plasticity remain unclear. Using a 3-dimensional model of Ca2+ and calmodulin dynamics within an idealised, but biophysically-plausible, dendritic spine, we show that SK-channels regulate calmodulin activation specifically during neuron-firing patterns associated with induction of spike timing-dependent plasticity. SK-channel activation and the subsequent reduction in Ca2+ influx through NMDARs and L-type VGCCs results in an order of magnitude decrease in calmodulin (CaM) activation, providing a mechanism for the effective gating of synaptic plasticity induction. This provides a common mechanism for the regulation of synaptic plasticity by neuromodulators.
Optimization of Dynamic Resource Allocation and Rate Adaptation in OFDMA Systems

To support high data rate applications under limited radio resources and rough wireless channel conditions, dynamic resource allocation is one of the promising techniques which achieve both system capacity and QoS requirements. Apart from the resource allocation techniques, it is imagined that incorporation of rate and power adaptation mechanisms can significantly improve the system performance under fading channels and thereby make the system more robust to deep fading events. In this work it is proposed about how dynamic resource allocation can be implemented in OFDMA systems with fairly in low complexity and with a better performance in terms of the BER and quality of service to the users.
Studies of the cell‐wall properties of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during fermentation

The cell‐wall properties of three strains of the yeast Sacharomyces cerevisiae have been experimentally studied at various times during fermentation. The cell walls have been characterized by electrophoretic mobility measurements, from which zeta potentials may be calculated. They have also been characterized by computerized pH titration, which gives direct information on the number and nature of groups in the yeast cell wall. The data have been quantitatively analyzed in three ways. First, a simplified analysis of the electrokinetic data of a type used by previous workers has been applied. Second, such a simplified analysis of the electrokinetic data has been developed more rigorously by means of a two‐dimensional site‐dissociation model of the outer cell wall–solution interface. Third, a description of the yeast cell‐wall electrochemical properties in terms of a three‐dimensional gel model incorporating site dissociation has been developed. The advantages and disadvantages of the three analyses are discussed. Only the three‐dimensional gel model can account simultaneously for both the electrokinetic and pH surface titration data. It provides new insights into the changes that occur to the yeast cell wall during fermentation. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Collaborative Map Exploration Using Multitouch Surfaces

The Collaborative Map Explorer defines a new learning artifact that allows students to explore different layers of information related to a geographical location on a map using distributed user interfaces in the same space at the same time. Students are able to manipulate geographical information using viewports that can be moved over a map that is projected on a shared surface (i.e. multitouch surface). Each viewport exposes different layers of information for a particular region on the map. These information layers are selected by the student using a mobile device. Consequently, the use of a distributed user interface provides students with the ability to address local and shared information at the same time in the same space in a Computer Supported Collaborative Learning Environment. The article also includes a preliminary usability evaluation of this interaction technique that exposes the potential of this solution.
Interpersonal skills for cooperative user-analyst relationships: some research issues

Organizational behavior researchers recognize that an individual's effectiveness in an organization is likely to depend significantly upon his/her ability to influence or persuade others in order to accomplish assigned tasks. The ability to influence or persuade users to cooperate or comply with requests is likely to be important for systems developers as well. Based on organizational behavior literature, this article proposes assertiveness, reason, appeal to higher authority, coalition, bargaining, and friendliness as the relevent persuasion strategies in the user-analyst context.
Disposition characteristics of lipophilic mitomycin C prodrug in an intra-arterial muscle infusion system.

A new experimental system was applied to obtain information about the local disposition of lipophilic mitomycin C (MMC) prodrugs after intra-arterial injection. Rabbit hind leg was perfused in situ using a single-pass technique and the outflow concentration-time curves of drugs following pulse injection were evaluated by using statistical moment analysis. Moment parameters (moments) were transformed to disposition parameters which express local disposition characteristics together with respect to elimination, distribution, and dispersion. Six lipophilic derivatives of MMC were tested together with the parent drug. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a model injection vehicle that can be mixed with blood. Using this system, the following results were obtained. 1) Local disposition of the drug is decided by the balance of its affinities for intravascular and extravascular components. 2) Disposition can be modified by derivation of the drug to a more lipophilic prodrug. 3) Higher lipophilicity of a drug results in a larger organ clearance in the absence of albumin, but a smaller clearance in albumin-containing perfusate. 4) In the case of DMSO injection, intermediate clearance values are obtained regardless of the lipophilicity of drugs, and it was suggested that DMSO decreases both partitioning from the injection vehicle to the tissue and plasma protein binding.
Strong dispersive and nonlinear optical properties of microresonator-modified optical waveguides

We describe the dispersive and nonlinear optical properties of microresonator-modified waveguides. While many applications of microresonators demand ultra-high quality factors and as a result impose strict fabrication tolerances, we examine a variety of useful devices that may be may be constructed using small numbers of only moderately-high Q resonators using the current state of the art in fabrication technology.
Topology control for wireless sensor networks

We consider a two-tiered Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consisting of sensor clusters deployed around strategic locations and base-stations (BSs) whose locations are relatively flexible. Within a sensor cluster, there are many small sensor nodes (SNs) that capture, encode and transmit relevant information from the designated area, and there is at least one application node (AN) that receives raw data from these SNs, creates a comprehensive local-view, and forwards the composite bit-stream toward a BS. In practice, both SN and AN are battery-powered and energy-constrained, and their node lifetimes directly affect the network lifetime of WSNs. In this paper, we focus on the topology control process for ANs and BSs, which constitute the upper tier of a two-tiered WSN. We propose approaches to maximize the topological network lifetime of the WSN, by arranging BS location and inter-AN relaying optimally. Based on an algorithm in Computational Geometry, we derive the optimal BS locations under three topological lifetime definitions according to mission criticality. In addition, by studying the intrinsic properties of WSNs, we establish the upper and lower bounds of their maximal topological lifetime. When inter-AN relaying becomes feasible and favorable, we continue to develop an optimal parallel relay allocation to further prolong the topological lifetime of the WSN. An equivalent serialized relay schedule is also obtained, so that each AN only needs to have one relay destination at any time throughout the mission. The experimental performance evaluation demonstrates the efficacy of topology control as a vital process to maximize the network lifetime of WSNs.
Modeling pronunciation, rhythm, and intonation for automatic assessment of speech quality in aphasia rehabilitation

Patients with aphasia often have impaired speech-language production skills, resulting in tremendous difficulties in tasks that require verbal communication. To facilitate rehabilitation outside of therapy, we are collaborating with the University of Michigan Aphasia Program (UMAP) to develop an automated system capable of providing feedback regarding the patient’s verbal output. In this paper we introduce a robust method for extracting rhythm and intonation features from aphasic speech based on template matching. These features, combined with Goodness of Pronunciation (GOP) scores and our previous feature set, help our system achieve human-level performance in classifying the quality of speech produced by patients attending UMAP. The results presented in this work demonstrate the efficacy of our technique and the potential of this system for handling natural speech data recorded in non-ideal conditions as well as the unpredictability in aphasic speech patterns.
Genetic identification, sequence, and alternative splicing of the Caenorhabditis elegans alpha 2(IV) collagen gene

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has two type IV collagen genes homologous to the mammalian alpha 1(IV) and alpha 2(IV) collagen genes. We demonstrate by transgenic rescue of mutant animals that the genetic locus encoding the C. elegans alpha 2(IV) collagen gene is let-2 on the X chromosome. The most severe effect of mutations in let-2 is temperature-sensitive embryonic lethality. The embryonic lethal phenotype is similar to that seen in animals with mutations in the alpha 1(IV) collagen gene, emb-9. The sequence of the entire C. elegans alpha 2(IV) collagen gene is presented. Comparisons with mammalian type IV collagen sequences show high amino acid sequence conservation in the C-terminal NCl domain and of crosslinking residues (Cys and Lys) in the N-terminal 7S domain. RT-PCR analysis shows that transcripts of the C. elegans alpha 2(IV) collagen gene are alternatively spliced. Transcripts contain one of two mutually exclusive exons, exon 9 or 10. These exons encode very similar products, differing primarily in the sequence of a 9-10 amino acid Gly-X-Y interruption. The expression of these alternatively spliced alpha 2(IV) collagen transcripts is developmentally regulated. In embryos over 90% of the alpha 2(IV) collagen mRNA contains exon 9, while larval and adult RNAs contain 80- 90% exon 10. This shift in expression of alternative alpha 2(IV) collagen transcripts suggests that C. elegans embryos may require a different form of alpha 2(IV) collagen than do larvae and adults.
A Study on the Novel Rectangular Split Ring Notch Resonators

In this paper, a novel notch resonator is proposed based on Rectangular Split Ring Resonator (RRSS) element. We represented the electrical characteristics for R-SRR elements coupled with microstrip line, and measured result is compared with electromagnetic simulation (HFSS) result. We also solved equivalent circuit for R-SRR element, and also discussed influences of change structural parameters of R-SRR. The size of R-SRR is the most important parameters for frequency tuning. Also we can make tunable resonator form the basic structure. This novel resonator can apply to design of tunable bandpass filter and voltage control oscillator.
Discriminative Word Alignment by Linear Modeling

Word alignment plays an important role in many NLP tasks as it indicates the correspondence between words in a parallel text. Although widely used to align large bilingual corpora, generative models are hard to extend to incorporate arbitrary useful linguistic information. This article presents a discriminative framework for word alignment based on a linear model. Within this framework, all knowledge sources are treated as feature functions, which depend on a source language sentence, a target language sentence, and the alignment between them. We describe a number of features that could produce symmetric alignments. Our model is easy to extend and can be optimized with respect to evaluation metrics directly. The model achieves state-of-the-art alignment quality on three word alignment shared tasks for five language pairs with varying divergence and richness of resources. We further show that our approach improves translation performance for various statistical machine translation systems.
A phase I study of XL281, a selective oral RAF kinase inhibitor, in patients (Pts) with advanced solid tumors.

3513 Background: XL281 is a potent and selective inhibitor of wild type and mutant RAF kinases showing anti-tumor activity in multiple xenograft models. Mutations in KRAS or BRAF can activate the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway in human tumors and may promote sensitivity to RAF kinase inhibitors. METHODS Pts were enrolled in successive cohorts of XL281 orally once daily on a 28-day cycle. Tumor response was assessed per RECIST every 8 wks. Plasma pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic samples were collected. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was expanded to 10 pts each with colorectal (CRC), melanoma, papillary thyroid (PTC) and NSCLC. Pre- and post-dose tumor and surrogate tissues were obtained. Biomarker and genotype analyses of pathway genes were performed. RESULTS The dose escalation phase is complete; 30 pts were treated with XL281. DLTs of fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea were observed at the MAD (225 mg). The MTD is 150 mg. The most common related AEs included Grade 1/2, fatigue (48%), diarrhea (35%), nausea (35%), vomiting (35%) and anorexia (30%). Three pts had related AEs ≥G3: hypokalemia, nausea, and vomiting. One pt with an ocular melanoma demonstrated a cPR of 4 mos duration. Twelve pts had SD (3 -17+ mos), including 2 with I131-refractory PTC harboring BRAF V600E mutations (15+ and 17+ mos). Nine of these pts had decreases in target lesions (5-29%), including a pt with KRAS mutant CRC on study for 20 wks with marked symptomatic improvement. At the MTD, paired biopsies from 4 pts (3 melanoma, 1 NSCLC) show an average 72 % decrease in pMEK, 68 % decrease in pERK, 24 % decrease in Ki67 (proliferation) and 64 % increase in TUNEL (apoptosis). Three of 6 evaluable pts in the MTD cohort show SD at first assessment, including 1 melanoma pt with a NRAS Q61R mutation who showed a 20% decrease in target lesions. CONCLUSIONS XL281 was generally well tolerated and the MTD was established at 150 mg. One cPR occurred in an ocular melanoma subject, and clinical benefit (PR or SD) occurred in 43% (13/30) of pts in the dose-escalation phase. XL281 demonstrates biological activity by modulation of the RAF pathway in tumor and surrogate tissue, with decreases in cell proliferation and increases in apoptosis. [Table: see text].
Compile-time estimation of communication costs on multicomputers

An important problem facing numerous research projects on parallelizing compilers for distributed memory machines is that of automatically determining a suitable data partitioning scheme for a program. Any strategy for automatic data partitioning needs a mechanism for estimating the performance of a program under a given partitioning scheme, the most crucial part of which involves determining the communication costs incurred by the program. The authors describe a methodology for statically estimating the communication times as certain functions of the array sizes and the numbers of processors over which various arrays used are distributed. This work also lays down a framework for effective synthesis of communication on multicomputers from sequential program references. <<ETX>>