Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A investigação em turismo em Portugal: um contributo para a sua caracterização

This work intends to be a first contribution to the characterization of tourism research in Portugal, focusing on the researcher’s profile and the characteristics of research. To that end, and based on a national Tourism Research, it was possible to identify 166 researchers working in this area, spread over about 30 higher education institutions, who subsequently completed an online questionnaire. Data were collected during March 2013 and 111 valid responses were obtained. The results show a growing and predominantly young scientific community and also highlight a diverse, solid and stimulating disciplinary perspective.
On‐demand vs. prophylactic treatment for severe haemophilia in Norway and Sweden: differences in treatment characteristics and outcome

Summary. Using an 11‐year panel of 156 Norwegian and Swedish patients with severe haemophilia, and including retrospective case‐book data from birth, we compared the differences in the haemophilia‐related resource use between on‐demand and prophylactic treatment. Patients treated on‐demand had more surgery (arthrodeses, prostheses implantations and synovectomies) and more days lost from work. Median annual factor‐concentrate consumption among adults (18+) was 211 000 IU [interquartile range (IQR) 154 000–268 000] or 3 024 IU kg−1 year−1 for patients on prophylactic treatment and 55 000 IU (IQR 28 000–91 000) for on‐demand patients (780 IU kg−1 year−1). This was partly explained by the fact that the median dose per kg body weight was twice as great 28, (IQR 24–32) for prophylaxis compared with 14 (IQR 12–16) for on‐demand. Prescribed dose per kg body weight was found to be an important factor explaining the variation in total annual factor‐concentrate consumption per patient for both types of treatment. Other variables included in the panel‐data regression analysis were the number of weeks on secondary prophylaxis for on‐demand patients and age, body weight and type of haemophilia for children (0–17 years) on prophylaxis. Differences were consistently substantial and will affect both costs and benefits of the two treatment strategies.
Eyewitnesses and Exclusion

The dramatic moment when an eyewitness takes the stand and points to the defendant in the courtroom can be pivotal in a criminal trial. That piece of theater, however compelling to jurors, is staged: it is obvious where the defendant is sitting, and, importantly, the memory of the eyewitness should have been tested before trial using photo arrays or lineups. Such courtroom displays have been accepted for so long that their role in the U.S. Supreme Court’s due process jurisprudence regulating eyewitness identifications has been neglected. The due process test that regulates tens of thousands of eyewitness identifications each year admits at-trial identifications that resulted from suggestive pretrial procedures — long known to increase the dangers that the innocent may be misidentified — if the judge decides that those identifications are otherwise “reliable. ” In this Article, I uncover an approach — use of an independent source rule — that has been adopted by the vast majority of courts, but whose importance has not been appreciated. This approach short-circuits the already malleable due process inquiry. Even if a prior lineup was suggestive and illegal, judges will nonetheless allow a subsequent courtroom identification by citing to its supposed “independent source. ” This approach to exclusion of eyewitness identifications has it backwards. It is the courtroom identification that should be excluded. In contrast, flaws in prior procedures used to test the eyewitness’s memory should be fully aired before the jury. As efforts to improve eyewitness identification procedures gain traction in response to DNA exonerations and social science research establishing the fragility of eyewitness memory, lawmakers and judges should revisit the entrenched problem of the courtroom identification. If courtroom identifications are not per se excluded in cases with a prior identification, judges may circumvent crucial efforts to safeguard the accuracy of eyewitness procedures.
Caspase-3 Activation by Exponential Decay Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields on Tumor-Bearing BALB/c Nude Mice In Vivo

In order to study the apoptosis-induction effects of exponential decay nanosecond pulsed electric fields (EDnsPEF) in vivo, tumor models in 20 female BALB/c nude mice were established by inoculating them with human melanoma cells A375. These mice were randomly divided into treated group (exposed to EDnsPEF with intensity of 20 kV/cm and duration of 300 ns) and control group equally. Twenty days later, tumor growth in the treated group was effectively inhibited (P <; 0.01 compared with that in control group), typical morphological apoptosis characteristics in ultrastructure were observed by transmission electron microscope, and expression of caspase-3 and caspase-3 messenger ribonucleic acid were obviously increased (P <; 0.01) using immunofluorescence and RT-PCR, respectively. These experimental results contributed evidence of tumor-growth inhibition by EDnsPEF exposure in vivo. The mechanism was apoptosis-induction effects of EDnsPEF on cancer cells by activating caspase-3. This study presented in vivo evidence of caspase-3 activation for apoptosis-induction effects of EDnsPEF, and this supported possible drug-free tumor therapy utilizing EDnsPEF.
The Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Schema Questionnaire for Children (SQC)

This study describes the development and initial evaluation of a cognitive schema questionnaire for children. The Schema Questionnaire for Children (SQC) was designed to capture the 15 early maladaptive schemas proposed by Young (1990). Face validity of the questionnaire items as assessed by a group of CBT experts (n=16) was good. Concurrent validity was assessed by asking 47 school children aged 11–16 years of age to complete both the (SQC) and a British version of the 75 item Young's Schema Questionnaire short form (YSC-S). Significant correlations were obtained for 10 of the 15 schemas, with a further two approaching statistical significance. Although some of the correlations were modest, these initial results suggest that the SQC may be a valid quick and developmentally appropriate way of assessing Young's maladaptive schema in children.
The Role of the Reflexive-Conditioned Motivating Operation (CMO-R) During Discrete Trial Instruction of Children With Autism

The principle of motivation has resurfaced as an independent variable in the field of behavior analysis over the past 20 years.The increased interest is the result of refinements of the concept of the motivating operation and its application to the learning needs of persons with developmental disabilities. Notwithstanding the increased emphasis upon modification of motivating operations to reduce problem behavior, there is limited recognition of this important behavioral variable in autism treatment literature. An overview of antecedent-based instructional modifications that lead to a reduction of escape and avoidance behavior of children with autism during instruction is provided. An analysis of these instructional methods as motivating operations is proposed. A conceptually systematic analysis of the influence of instructional methods is offered as a tool for improving the selection and implementation of effective teaching procedures.
Measuring Diagnostic Skills through the Utilization of Cues

The aim of this paper is to outline a theoretical and empirical case for the role of cue utilization in the cognitive process of diagnosis. Drawing on theories of skill acquisition, the case is made that the utilization of cues represents a critical precursor to the progression toward expertise but that the acquisition and utilization of cues is dependent upon a repertoire of cases and exemplars that have been acquired during the progression from novice to competence. Cases and exemplars form the basis of a mental model from which cues, in the form or feature-event or feature-object relationships, can be identified and retained in memory. The implications of a more sophisticated understanding of the role of cue utilization in skill acquisition will provide the foundation for more effective and more efficient industrial training systems in the future.
A Safe Fault Tolerant Multi-view Approach for Vision-Based Protective Devices

We present a new approach that realizes an imagebasedfault tolerant distance computation for a multi-viewcamera system which conservatively approximates theshortest distance between unknown objects and 3Dvolumes. Our method addresses the industrial applicationof vision-based protective devices which are used to detectintrusions of humans into areas of dangerous machinery,in order to prevent injuries. This requires hardwareredundancy for compensation of hardware failureswithout loss of functionality and safety. By taking sensorfailures during the fusion process of distances fromdifferent cameras into account, this is realized implicitly,with the benefit of no additional hardware cost. Inparticular we employ multiple camera perspectives forsafe and non-conservative occlusion handling of obstaclesand formulate general system assumptions which are alsoappropriate for other applications like multi-viewreconstruction methods.
The intrinsic resistome of bacterial pathogens

Intrinsically resistant bacteria have emerged as a relevant health problem in the last years. Those bacterial species, several of them with an environmental origin, present naturally low-level susceptibility to several drugs. It has been proposed that intrinsic resistance is mainly the consequence of the impermeability of cellular envelopes, the activity of multidrug efflux pumps or the lack of appropriate targets for a given family of drugs. However, recently published articles indicate that the characteristic phenotype of susceptibility to antibiotics of a given bacterial species depends on the concerted activity of several elements, what has been named as intrinsic resistome. These determinants comprise not just classical resistance genes. Other elements, several of them involved in basic bacterial metabolic processes, are of relevance for the intrinsic resistance of bacterial pathogens. In the present review we analyze recent publications on the intrinsic resistomes of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We present as well information on the role that global regulators of bacterial metabolism, as Crc from P. aeruginosa, may have on modulating bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics. Finally, we discuss the possibility of searching inhibitors of the intrinsic resistome in the aim of improving the activity of drugs currently in use for clinical practice.
Role of social desirability in personality testing for personnel selection: The red herring.

Response bias continues to be the most frequently cited criticism of personality testing for personnel selection. The authors meta-analyzed the social desirability literature, examining whether social desirability functions as a predictor for a variety of criteria, as a suppressor, or as a mediator. Social desirability scales were found not to predict school success, task performance, counterproductive behaviors, and job performance. Correlations with the Big Five personality dimensions, cognitive ability, and years of education are presented along with empirical evidence that (a) social desirability is not as pervasive a problem as has been anticipated by industrial-organizational psychologists, (b) social desirability is in fact related to real individual differences in emotional stability and conscientiousness, and (c) social desirability does not function as a predictor, as a practically useful suppressor, or as a mediator variable for the criterion of job performance. Removing the effects of social desirability from the Big Five dimensions of personality leaves the criterion-related validity of personality constructs for predicting job performance intact.
A novel back-biasing low-leakage technique for FinFET forced stacks

In this paper, a novel technique to reduce the leakage current under an assigned delay constraint is presented for FinFET forced stacks. This technique is based on the adoption of different back bias voltages in stacked four-terminal (4T) FinFETs (as is well known, this would not be possible in bulk CMOS circuits). In particular, a Reverse Back Bias (RBB) voltage is applied to one of the two stacked transistors to reduce its leakage at the cost of a delay penalty, whereas a Forward Back Bias (FBB) voltage is applied to the other one to compensate this delay degradation. Mixed device-circuit simulations for 40-nm FinFETs show that the proposed “mixed FBB/RBB” technique permits a leakage reduction by one order of magnitude or more as compared with traditional transistor stacks at same delay.
Repertory Grids as Mental Tests: Implications of Test Theories for Grids

Abstract As repertory grids are often used in the making of important decisions about people's lives, it seems reasonable to demand that the technique accurately reflect the mental structure and processes of the person. This need has not gone unnoticed, either by proponents of the grid technique or its critics, but their calls for psychometric rigor are couched in terms of reliability and validity, terms that have specific operational meanings, and have been derived from the theories proposed for standard psychological tests. This article examines the bases and structures of such theories in the context of repertory grid data
Parental Style and Consumer Socialization of Children

Parents play a major role in children's consumer socialization but little is known about differences in parents' consumer socialization tendencies. In this article, we examine the thesis that these tendencies can be predicted from parents' general socialization styles. Results indicate that mothers with alternative parental styles differ in communicating with children about consumption, number of consumer socialization goals, restricting and monitoring consumption and media exposure, and views on advertising. Contrary to expectations, mothers with differential styles do not differ in granting consumption autonomy to children.
Why People Vote: Estimating the Social Returns to Voting

This article measures the social rewards and sanctions associated with voting. A series of survey experiments shows that information about whether a person votes directly affects how favorably that person is viewed. Importantly, the study also compares the rewards and sanctions associated with voting to other activities, including the decisions to recycle, volunteer and return oneâ€™s library books on time. It presents a behavioral test of the consequences of non-voting and finds that individuals are willing to take costly action in a dictator game to reward political participation. Finally, it shows that survey measures of social norms about voting are correlated with county-level voter turnout. The study adds to the growing literature documenting the important influence of social concerns on turnout and other political choices.
Modeling Domain-Specific Profilers

Domain-specific languages and models are increasingly used within general-purpose host languages. While traditional profiling tools perform well on host language code itself, they often fail to provide mean- ingful results if the developers start to build and use abstractions on top of the host language. In this paper we motivate the need for dedicated profiling tools with three dierent case studies. Furthermore, we present an infrastructure that enables developers to quickly prototype new profilers for their domain-specific languages and models.
Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Improves Portal Hemodynamics in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-related Decompensated Cirrhosis

Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may eventually lead to decompensated liver cirrhosis, which is a terminal illness. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of autologous peripheral blood stem cell (APBSC) transplantation to improve portal vein hemodynamics in patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis. Patients and Methods: This prospective study included 68 hospitalized patients who were diagnosed with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis. These patients were divided into two groups: the transplantation group included 33 patients, while the control group included 35. Both groups received conventional medical treatment simultaneously, and APBSC transplantation was performed on the patients in the transplantation group. We evaluated the effects of APBSC transplantation on postoperative liver function using the following indices: total bilirubin, serum prothrombin and albumin, spleen size, and portal vein hemodynamics. Postoperatively, all of the patients were followed up at 24, 36, and 48 weeks. Results: The transplantation group had no serious reactions. Compared with the control group, albumin and prothrombin activity in the transplantation group was significantly improved at 24, 36, and 48 weeks after the procedure, and spleen length and portal vein diameter were substantially reduced at 48 weeks. The velocity of peak portal vein blood flow and mean maximum portal vein blood flow were greatly increased in the APBSC transplantation group at 36 and 48 weeks, respectively; however, there was also decreased portal vein diameter, which reduced portal vein pressure in patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis. Conclusions: APBSC transplantation greatly benefits HBV-linked decompensated cirrhosis patients and should be recommended in clinical practice.
A Scalable Multi-channel Parallel NAND Flash Memory Controller Architecture

With more data-intensive applications appearing in the present social life, the NAND flash memory acting as a replacement candidate of hard disk drives is popularly used in some data centers due to its lower power consumption, faster random access, and higher shock resistance. But the traditional solid state disk exposes the limitation of bandwidth. To this end, we deliver the scalable multi-channel flash memory controller architecture in this paper to exploit the parallelism of multiple chips. It supports all the flash operations, and boosts the performance by evenly distributing multiple accesses among different chips when using the error correction code to improve its reliability. The functions of the multi-channel parallel controller are validated according to a wide spread of workloads. And the evaluation results show that our proposed eight-channel controller outperforms the traditional controller by more than three times and can be well scaled to be 128 channels without extra critical timing path.
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Incidence and Management in Jordan

Cancer patients experience a considerable number of symptoms during the course of their disease. Of these symptoms, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the most reported and it increases the cancer burden on patients. This study aims to assess the current status of CINV among Jordanian cancer patients, with regard to its incidence and management. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used. The study sample was 185 cancer patients. The mean age of participants was 46.6 years (SD = 15.5, range = 18-76) and were mainly female (56.8%). The incidence of nausea and vomiting was high at 71.4% and 57.3%, respectively. Most of the patients (89.7%) received a 5-HT3 antagonist therapy combined with corticosteroids therapy (81.1%). This study demonstrated a high incidence rate of all types of CINV, which was undertreated. Antiemetic treatment could be improved by encouraging nurses to introduce the internationally agreed guidelines into their daily clinical practice.
Optimal regional consecutive leader election in mobile ad-hoc networks

The regional consecutive leader election (RCLE) problem requires mobile nodes to elect a leader within bounded time upon entering a specific region. We prove that any algorithm requires Ω(Dn) rounds for leader election, where D is the diameter of the network and n is the total number of nodes. We then present a fault-tolerant distributed algorithm that solves the RCLE problem and works even in settings where nodes do not have access to synchronized clocks. Since nodes set their leader variable within O(Dn) rounds, our algorithm is asymptotically optimal with respect to time complexity. Due to its low message bit complexity, we believe that our algorithm is of practical interest for mobile wireless ad-hoc networks. Finally, we present a novel and intuitive constraint on mobility that guarantees a bounded communication diameter among nodes within the region of interest.
Gestion des biens collectifs, capital social et auto-organisation : l'apport d'Elinor OSTROM à l'Economie sociale et solidaire

Cette note introductive a pour objet de rappeler en quoi le projet intellectuel d’Elinor Ostrom (1933-2012, Prix Nobel d’Economie 2009) interesse a plusieurs titres le champ de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire (ESS). Apres avoir rappele quelques etapes significatives dans l’itineraire intellectuel d’Elinor Ostrom. (I), nous presenterons l’idee centrale qu’elle a defendue autour de la gestion des biens collectifs, via l’auto-organisation des collectivites humaines concernees (II) ; nous mettrons ensuite l’accent sur l’utilisation du concept de « capital social », particulierement important dans un contexte ESS (III) ; enfin, nous presenterons brievement les differentes contributions composant ce cahier (IV).
Array antenna architectures for solar power satellites and wireless power transmission

An analytical technique for the synthesis of planar arrays for wireless power transmission is proposed whose aim is to maximize the ratio between the power collected at the receiver to the total transmitted power. The array weights are optimized through an analytical methodology which formulates the synthesis process as a generalized eigenvalue problem. The methodology can be applied for arbitrary geometries of the transmitter array and whatever the rectenna shape. A preliminary numerical validation is presented to assess the flexibility and potentialities of the method.
Juvenile Correctional Schools: Characteristics and Approaches to Curriculum

This study focused on school-level approaches to curriculum, as well as school, principal, and student characteristics in juvenile corrections (JC) schools for committed youth. A national random sample of 131 principals from these schools responded to a mail and on-line survey. No statistically significant differences existed between respondent and nonrespondent schools. Approximately 80% of schools were accredited by their State Department of Education. The primary role of JC schools was to help youth obtain a high school diploma, followed by preparing students for the General Educational Development (GED) test. Approximately 66% of JC schools used a state or local education agency curriculum, while the remainder provided a school-developed or individualized curriculum. More than 50% of respondents asserted that grade level expectations should not be expected of all youth with emotional/behavioral disorders or learning disabilities. Additional results, implications, and recommendations for future research are provided.