Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dwarf elliptical galaxies with kinematically decoupled cores

We present, for the first time, photometric and kinematical evidence, obtained with FORS2 on the VLT, for the existence of kinematically decoupled cores (KDCs) in two dwarf elliptical galaxies; FS76 in the NGC 5044 group and FS373 in the NGC 3258 group. Both kinematically peculiar subcomponents rotate in the same sense as the main body of their host galaxy but betray their presence by a pronounced bump in the rotation velocity profiles at a radius of about 1 �� . The KDC in FS76 rotates at 10 ± 3k m s −1 , with the host galaxy rotating at 15 ± 6k m s −1 ; the KDC in FS373 has a rotation velocity of 6 ± 2k m s −1 while the galaxy itself rotates at 20 ± 5k m s −1 . FS373 has a very complex rotation velocity profile with the velocity changing sign at 1.5 Re. The velocity and velocity dispersion profiles of FS76 are asymmetric at larger radii. This could be caused by a past gravitational interaction with the giant elliptical NGC 5044, which is at a projected distance of 50 kpc. We argue that these decoupled cores are most likely not produced by mergers in a group or cluster environment because of the prohibitively large relative velocities. A plausible alternative is offered by flyby interactions between a dwarf elliptical or its disky progenitor and a massive galaxy. The tidal forces during an interaction at the relative velocities and impact parameters typical for a group environment exert a torque on the dwarf galaxy that, according to analytical estimates, transfers enough angular momentum to its stellar envelope to explain the observed peculiar kinematics.
Keck Spectroscopy of Globular Clusters around NGC 1399

We report moderate-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectroscopy of globular clusters around NGC 1399, the central cD galaxy in the Fornax Cluster. We address issues as diverse as elemental abundances of globular clusters versus stellar populations in elliptical galaxies, blue horizontal branches in metal-rich globular clusters, broadband colors as metallicity tracers, possible overestimation of the age-metallicity degeneracy in globular clusters, and dark matter in the halo of NGC 1399. We obtained spectra for 21 globular cluster candidates with multislit spectroscopy using the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrograph on the Keck I Telescope. Our sample turned out to include 18 globular clusters, one star, and two low-redshift late-type galaxies (z ≃ 0.3). The mean velocity of our globular cluster sample is 1293 ± 71 km s-1, and its velocity dispersion is 302 ± 51 km s-1. Both are slightly lower than, but in agreement with, previously derived values. We derive a mass of (1–5) × 1012 M☉ within 28 kpc for the galaxy, and an M/LB ratio of 36 ± 20 or 76 ± 40 M☉/L☉B, depending on the mass estimator. Both estimates indicate that dark matter dominates the potential at 6reff. The derived elemental abundances for the globular clusters span the entire range observed in the Milky Way and M31, with a mean metallicity of our sample around [Fe/H] ≃ -0.8 dex. This implies that the two major subpopulations reported from photometry could have formed by the same processes that formed halo and disk/bulge globular clusters in the Local Group spiral galaxies. Two globular clusters, which we associate with a group of very red globular clusters, representing about 5% of the total system, clearly stand out and exhibit metal abundances as high as those observed for stellar populations in giant elliptical galaxies. In addition, they display surprisingly high Hβ and Hγ indices that are not explained by any age/metallicity combination of existing models. The high Mg and Hβ values in these clusters could, however, be explained by the presence of blue horizontal branches. Finally, we find that V - I and metallicity are well correlated in the globular cluster system, but also that the slope of the relation is twice as flat at high metallicities as an extrapolation from the relation for Milky Way globular clusters. This implies that the mean metallicities of globular cluster systems in elliptical galaxies are lower, and cover a smaller range, than ones previously derived from broadband V - I colors.
Leukoencephalopathy after Whole Brain Radiation Therapy Plus Radiosurgery Versus Radiosurgery Alone for Metastatic Melanoma to the Brain

Advances in the treatment of melanoma with novel systemic therapies have meaningfully increased survival of patients. The brain is a common early site for melanoma metastases. WBRT is of limited effectiveness for radioresistant histologies such as melanoma and has been associated with white matter change and cognitive dysfunction. Prior studies of leukoencephalopathy after treatment with whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and/or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) have focused on pathologies where chemotherapy is reflexively used in the majority of patients. The study’s aim was to evaluate the risk of leukoencephalopathy in patients with melanoma brain metastases receiving stereotactic radiosurgery and whole-brain radiation therapy versus SRS alone. We retrospectively reviewed 63 patients who underwent SRS with or without WBT between April 1988 and December 2012. Degree of leukoencephalopathy was evaluated on T2 and FLAIR MRI sequences using a simple, previouslydescribed method. A significantly lower proportion of patients treated with SRS developed leukoencephalopathy in long-term follow up compared to patients treated with SRS and WBRT. This study demonstrates an increased risk of leukoencephalopathy following WBRT compared to SRS alone in a cohort of melanoma brain metastases patients with a low rate of treatment with alkylating chemotherapeutic agents.
Evaluation of the Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity of Semipurified Fractions from the Mediterranean Brown Algae, Dictyopteris membranacea

Dictyopteris membranacea, a species of Mediterranean brown algae,is believed to have potential pharmacological and nutritional applications. However, such potentials only make sense when devoid of any adverse health consequences. The present study should be seen in this context. It aimed at evaluating the genotoxicity and cytoxicity of its organic extract (F0) and semi purified fractions (F 4, F 5, and F 6). Extracts were tested using the bacterial Vitotox® test and micronucleus assay in different concentrations (from 1.25 μg/mL up to 100 μg/mL, depending on the test and the extract). Applied concentrations were based on a preliminary dose-finding test with the neutral red uptake assay. The results show that all extracts were not genotoxic in the presence or absence of a rat metabolic enzyme fraction (S9). This is encouraging and justifies further investigations on the therapeutic and other values of this algae.
Kinematics of a Spatial RCCC Parallel Manipulator

Abstract — A spatial RCCC (R – revolute kinematic pair, C – cylindrical kinematic pair) parallel manipulator is considered in this paper. Structural scheme of this manipulator has constant and variable parameters. Constant parameters characterize the geometry of links, and variable parameters characterize the relative position of the elements of kinematic pairs. In this paper the direct kinematics of a spatial RCCC parallel manipulator is solved.
Nationaal Nationaal Nationaal Nationaal Lucht-en Lucht-en Lucht-en Lucht-en Ruimtevaartlaboratorium Designing Future Advanced Controller Displays Designing Future Advanced Controller Displays Designing Future Advanced Controller Displays Designing Future Advanced Controller Displays

This paper describes the design of an advanced human-machine interface for well-trained, professional users, i.e. air traffic controllers. The safety implications of their tasks, combined with the short reaction time available to the user, result in high demands on the interface between the human and the supporting information system. The increasing demand for air traffic capacity (which can not be accommodated by just deploying more personnel as the additional coordination offsets the workload reduction) necessitates the introduction of innovative support tools to prevent human overload. Experience with the introduction of such tools stresses the need to design their user interface using a " human-centred approach " , contrasting with the traditional " technology-centred approach " .
The causes of new-onset epilepsy and seizures in the elderly

With increasing age, the prevalence and incidence of epilepsy and seizures increases correspondingly. New-onset epilepsy in elderly people often has underlying etiology, including cerebrovascular diseases, primary neuron degenerative disorders, intracerebral tumors, and traumatic head injury. In addition, an acute symptomatic seizure cannot be called epilepsy, which manifests usually as a common symptom secondary to metabolic or toxicity factors in older people. In this review, we have mainly focused on the causes of new-onset epilepsy and seizures in elderly people. This knowledge will certainly help us to understand the reasons for high incidences of epilepsy and seizures in elderly people. We look forward to controlling epileptic seizures via the treatment of primary diseases in the future.
An analogy-relevance feedback CBIR method using multiple features

Since traditional relevance feedback content based image retrieval (CBIR) methods need several rounds of search, in this paper we put forward an analogy-relevance feedback (analogy-RF) CBIR method using multiple features which only needs one. The method allows users to choose the kind of object of the query image when they input the query image, and our system can determine several analogy-RF images in the sample database. Then we can use analogy-RF images to revise the similarity of images and retrieval and sort images by the re-calculated similarity. The experiment result on COREL 1k image database shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Framework of Active Learning by Concept Mapping

This study presents a student-centered teaching model based on concept mapping and problem-solving. The concept map is used as a tool to develop curriculum and evaluate teaching performance. Case-based teaching was implemented on the course of building energy conservation. The results of this study, which include teaching plans, evaluation tools, and auxiliary software, were shown in this paper.
Knee Osteoarthritis and the Efficacy of Kinesthesia, Balance & Agility Exercise Training: A Pilot Study

Kinesthesia, balance and agility (KBA) neuromuscular exercises are commonly used for rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries. KBA combined with strength training (ST) reportedly improves function among persons with knee osteoarthritis (OA), but independent effects of KBA are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of KBA exercises, independent of ST, to improve function among persons with knee OA. Twenty participants (69.3, SD 11.4 y) were randomized to 8 weeks, 3-days per week, instructor-lead KBA or ST groups. Self-reported physical function (difficulty with daily living activities such as walking, bending, stair climbing, etc.) was measured at baseline and every two weeks. Community physical activity level, negative and positive outcome expectancies for exercise, self-reported knee stability, and timed 10-stair climb, 10-stair descent, and ‘get up and go’ 15 m walk were measured at baseline and follow-up. Physical function improved 59% (p = 0.02) with KBA and 40% (p = 0.02) with ST at 8 weeks. Community physical activity level improved only in KBA (p = 0.04); knee stability improved in both KBA (p = 0.04) and ST (p = 0.01). There were no significant between-group differences (p > 0.05). In conclusion, both interventions appear to improve function and knee stability among persons with symptomatic knee OA. As KBA has never been studied as an independent treatment program, our results indicate it is a promising stand-alone intervention worthy of further study.
Aha Scientific Statement

1350 D epression and elevated depressive symptoms are common among the estimated 15.4 million US adults with coronary heart disease (CHD). 1 Approximately 20% of patients hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome (ACS; myocardial infarction [MI] or unstable angina [UA]) meet the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Background—Although prospective studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses have documented an association between depression and increased morbidity and mortality in a variety of cardiac populations, depression has not yet achieved formal recognition as a risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome by the American Heart Association and other health organizations. The purpose of this scientific statement is to review available evidence and recommend whether depression should be elevated to the status of a risk factor for patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods and Results—Writing group members were approved by the American Heart Association's Scientific Statement and Manuscript Oversight Committees. A systematic literature review on depression and adverse medical outcomes after acute coronary syndrome was conducted that included all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and composite outcomes for mortality and nonfatal events. The review assessed the strength, consistency, independence, and generalizability of the published studies. A total of 53 individual studies (32 reported on associations with all-cause mortality, 12 on cardiac mortality, and 22 on composite outcomes) and 4 meta-analyses met inclusion criteria. There was heterogeneity across studies in terms of the demographic composition of study samples, definition and measurement of depression, length of follow-up, and covariates included in the multivariable models. Despite limitations in some individual studies, our review identified generally consistent associations between depression and adverse outcomes. Conclusions—Despite the heterogeneity of published studies included in this review, the preponderance of evidence supports the recommendation that the American Heart Association should elevate depression to the status of a risk factor for adverse medical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Soft-Output Decoding of Rotationally Invariant Codes Over Channels With Phase Noise

We consider rotationally invariant (RI) trellis-coded modulations (TCMs) transmitted over channels affected by phase noise. To describe the main ideas of this paper, we first concentrate, as a case study, on the simplest RI scheme, namely the differentially encoded M-ary phase-shift keying (M-PSK) signal. For this problem, we use the framework based on factor graphs (FGs) and the sum-product algorithm (SPA), to derive the exact maximum a posteriori (MAP) symbol detection algorithm. By analyzing its properties, we demonstrate that it can be implemented by a forward-backward estimator of the phase probability density function, followed by a symbol-by-symbol completion to produce the a posteriori probabilities of the information symbols. To practically implement the forward-backward phase estimator, we propose a couple of schemes with different complexity. The resulting algorithms exhibit an excellent performance and, in one case, only a limited complexity increases with respect to the algorithm that perfectly knows the channel phase. The properties of the optimal decoder and the proposed practical decoding schemes are then extended to the case of a generic RI code. The proposed soft-output algorithms can also be used in iterative decoding schemes for concatenated codes employing RI inner components. Among them, in the numerical results, we consider repeat-accumulate (RA) codes and other serially concatenated schemes recently proposed in the technical literature.
The effect of cognitive load on interaction pattern of emotion and working memory: An ERP study

Emotion might selectively affect spatial and verbal cognitive activities and the selective interaction patter could be modulated by cognitive load. To test the hypotheses, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) technique to investigate the interaction pattern of emotion and working memory (WM) by typical WM n-back tasks with low and high cognitive loads. In the 0-back task, late ERP components for both spatial and verbal WM were affected by induced emotional states consistently. However, in the 2-back task, we could clearly observe that induced emotional states selectively affected ERPs for spatial WM, but not for verbal WM. These results suggested that the interactive pattern of emotion and WM was modulated by cognitive load. In the condition of low cognitive load, interaction of emotion and WM was similar and nonspecific. However, with the increasing of cognitive load, interaction of emotion and WM became specific and selective. ERP results suggested that attention resource competition could be the underlying neutral mechanism of the selective interactive pattern between emotion and WM.
A User Interface for Knowledge Acquisition From Video

In conventional knowledge acquisition, a domain expert interacts with a knowledge engineer, who interviews the expert, and codes knowledge about the domain objects and procedures in a rule-based language, or other textual representation language. This indirect methodology can be tedious and error-prone, since the domain expert's verbal descriptions can be inaccurate or incomplete, and the knowledge engineer may not correctly interpret the expert's intent. We describe a user interface that allows a domain expert who is not a programmer to construct representations of objects and procedures directly from a video of a human performing an example procedure. The domain expert need not be fluent in the underlying representation language, since all interaction is through direct manipulation. Starting from digitized video, the user selects significant frames that illustrate before- and after-states of important operations. Then the user graphically annotates the contents of each selected frame, selecting portions of the image to represent each part, labeling the parts, and indicating part/whole relationships. Finally, programming by demonstration techniques describe the actions that represent the transition between frames. The result is object descriptions for each object in the domain, generalized procedural descriptions, and visual and natural language documentation of the procedure. We illustrate the system in the domain of documentation of operational and maintenance procedures for electrical devices.
Federated enterprise and cloud-based collaboration services

Because of the variety of types of collaboration services used in enterprises today, there is difficulty in integrating related work threads from different collaboration environments. Each collaboration tool differs in storage model, APIs, content organization, content addressing, content formats, user authentication, and user interface. Nevertheless users prefer to be able to choose which collaboration tool they use for a given interaction, and over the course of long-term collaboration, will typically use a variety of tools, including email, instant messages, wikis, blogs, web conferences, and shared documents. The solution presented here is to provide a federated integration of these different collaboration tools to make content access and transfer straight forward between different systems. Additionally, we enable the user to achieve this federation by working directly in the client application of their choice; we illustrate this with plug-ins for MS Outlook, Internet Explorer and Skype. Our architecture integrates both desktop and server-centric tools. Additionally it is now possible to use hosted collaboration services in the cloud. This further complicates the ability to federate collaboration tools because of requirements to protect enterprise information and information flows. We present an architecture to address the federation of cloud-based collaboration services.
DFT Scrambling Vector OFDM and Its Performance Analysis

Although the single antenna vector OFDM (V-OFDM) and other similar systems have the advantages of robustness to channel spectral nulls and high spectrum efficiency, its practicability may be degraded by the system high complexity. In this paper, a novel DFT scrambling vector OFDM (DFT-SV-OFDM) scheme is developed. Compared with V-OFDM system, this scheme improves the system PAPR and complexity, and shows a comparable performance as well.
The output of the tRNA modification pathways controlled by the Escherichia coli MnmEG and MnmC enzymes depends on the growth conditions and the tRNA species

In Escherichia coli, the MnmEG complex modifies transfer RNAs (tRNAs) decoding NNA/NNG codons. MnmEG catalyzes two different modification reactions, which add an aminomethyl (nm) or carboxymethylaminomethyl (cmnm) group to position 5 of the anticodon wobble uridine using ammonium or glycine, respectively. In tRNA(cmnm5s2UUG)(Gln) and tRNA(cmnm5UmAA)(Leu), however, cmnm(5) appears as the final modification, whereas in the remaining tRNAs, the MnmEG products are converted into 5-methylaminomethyl (mnm(5)) through the two-domain, bi-functional enzyme MnmC. MnmC(o) transforms cmnm(5) into nm(5), whereas MnmC(m) converts nm(5) into mnm(5), thus producing an atypical network of modification pathways. We investigate the activities and tRNA specificity of MnmEG and the MnmC domains, the ability of tRNAs to follow the ammonium or glycine pathway and the effect of mnmC mutations on growth. We demonstrate that the two MnmC domains function independently of each other and that tRNA(cmnm5s2UUG)(Gln) and tRNA(cmnm5UmAA)(Leu), are substrates for MnmC(m), but not MnmC(o). Synthesis of mnm(5)s(2)U by MnmEG-MnmC in vivo avoids build-up of intermediates in tRNA(mnm5s2UUU)(Lys). We also show that MnmEG can modify all the tRNAs via the ammonium pathway. Strikingly, the net output of the MnmEG pathways in vivo depends on growth conditions and tRNA species. Loss of any MnmC activity has a biological cost under specific conditions.
Laying the Groundwork: Conceptualizing a Trauma-Informed System of Care in Juvenile Detention

ABSTRACT Youth involved in the juvenile-justice system experience trauma at a disproportionately higher rate compared with the general population. Posttraumatic stress reactions place youth at greater risk for penetrating deeper into the juvenile justice system and being placed in secure detention settings. Juvenile detention settings with a systemic approach to addressing youth traumatic stress reactions promote an environment positioned to support the physical and psychological safety of youth and detention center staff. This article reviews key elements of a trauma-informed juvenile detention system and explores implications for trauma-informed interventions and cross-system collaboration.