Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatically Log Off Upon Disappearance of Facial Image

Abstract : The ability to prevent unauthorized users from gaining access to classified or sensitive data is crucial to many organizations, especially the military. There has been significantly increased attention in recent years in biometrics technology in order to provide more secured access controls to information systems. Different technologies and various products have been developed to authenticate users at entrances. However, once a user has logged on to a system, there is currently no mechanism to monitor the user's identity. It is important to ensure that the user, throughout the communication, is the authorized user for high-security applications. The objective of this project is to develop a demonstration system that will automatically log off a PC when the user's face disappears for an adjustable time interval. In this report, a brief overview of face detection technologies is provided. The particular neural network-based face detection algorithm employed in the demo system is discussed in more detail. It is followed by the design of the demo system, and discussion of technical issues encountered during the development.
Development of Orientation Preference Maps in Ferret Primary Visual Cortex

The development of orientation preference maps was studied in ferret primary visual cortex using chronic optical imaging of intrinsic signals. The emergence and maturation of the maps were examined over time in single animals. The earliest age at which cortical domains selectively responsive to particular stimulus orientations were observed varied considerably between individuals, from postnatal day 31 to 36. In all cases, the earliest maps seen were low-contrast, with regions of orientation-specific activity that were difficult to distinguish from noise. These early maps matured over a period of several days into the high-contrast, patchy maps typical of adult animals. The structure of the orientation maps was remarkably constant over time. The indistinct features in the earliest maps were always patches of the same sizes and shapes and at the same locations as in the maps obtained in subsequent recording sessions. Details of the more mature maps, including the relative intensities of individual iso-orientation domains, were also constant from one recording session to another over periods of several weeks. The patterning of iso-orientation domains in ferret primary visual cortex thus is established early in development and remains stable over time, unaffected by either normal visual experience or the anatomical rearrangements of geniculocortical afferents into eye-specific domains.
Analytics-Enabled Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management

The strongest land falling cyclone, typhoon Haiyan, left in its wake a great need for the government to have a means to monitor damages and manage relief, recovery and rehabilitation efforts. The Intelligent Operations Center for Emergency Management (IOC-EM) was built to address the needs of the Philippine government in the response, recovery and rehabilitation of the affected areas not only of a typhoon such as Haiyan but other calamities as well. These calamities and emergencies may include earthquakes, volcano eruptions and landslides. This paper presents the IOC-EM that integrates and illustrates the data needed by decision makers to make timely and fact-based decisions in the advent of a natural calamity. The data is managed and presented through the use of descriptive analytics. The IOC-EM data warehouse stores historical data that can be used for building more complex predictive and prescriptive analytics models. In this paper, we present the design of the IOC-EM and its data warehouse.
A study on TCP error recovery interaction with Random Access satellite schemes

Random Access (RA) techniques have been included in the novel DVB-RCS2 standard due to an expected efficiency in addressing SCADA and M2M traffic. Such traffic relies on intermittent sources sending short messages on a periodic time scale. Efficiency is usually assessed in terms of layer-2 packet loss rate without taking into account indirect effects on upper layer protocols. In particular, TCP assumes packet losses as a congestion indication triggering actions aimed to reduce actual transmission rate. As a consequence, TCP over RA can be impaired by some cross-effects, which deteriorate the performance as experienced by the applications, in terms of Round Trip Time (RTT) and overall throughput. The scope of this paper is to analyze such dynamics, by applying a top-down approach, which includes TCP parameters tuning in the scenario configuration. To this aim, an NS2 module has been developed to simulate different flavors of random access techniques for GEO satellite channels integrated with sensor data sources, which produce intermittent messages and send them over TCP connections. Achieved results provide a first set of considerations on the best protocol stack configuration according to TCP traffic load.
Relation between the New Anthropometric Obesity Parameters and Inflammatory Markers in Healthy Adult Men

Background: The aim of this study is to estimate the relationship between the new anthropometric parameters [waist circumference to height ratio (WHtR), body adiposity index (BAI) and visceral adiposity index (VAI)] and some inflammatory markers (hsCRP, fibrinogen and TNF-alpha). Methods: Randomly selected 182 healthy adult men included to this study. Height, body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) were measured and body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences to hip circumferences ratio (WHR), WHtR, BAI and VAI were calculated (VAI score was calculated after biochemical analysis). Subjects were grouped as Group 1 and Group 2 according to VAI, and normals, overweights and obeses according to BMI. Plasma fibrinogen, serum TNF-alpha and serum hsCRP levels were measured. Results: All APs and hsCRP were increased in GROUP 2 significantly. TNF-alpha and fibrinogen levels were similar. Age, serum hsCRP and plasma fibrinogen were higher in overweights compared to normals. BMI and WHtR were positively correlated to serum hsCRP and plasma fibrinogen. Also VAI and BAI correlated with hsCRP. Conclusion: Classical obesity parameters and new antropometric measures were related to some systemic inflammatory markers in our study. Both general and abdominal obesity have a pretendency toward having high Scientific Research Journal (SCIRJ), Volume II, Issue III, March 2014 7 ISSN 2201-2796 www.scirj. org © 2014, Scientific Research Journal inflammatory markers. New antropometric measures may also reflect these disturbances in overweight adult men. IndexTerms—Visceral Adiposity Index, Body Adiposity Index, Waist circumference to Height Ratio, Inflammatory Markers
An Improved Shape Contexts Based Ship Classification in SAR Images

In synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, relating to maritime surveillance studies, the ship has always been the main focus of study. In this letter, a method of ship classification in SAR images is proposed to enhance classification accuracy. In the proposed method, to fully exploit the distinguishing characters of the ship targets, both topology and intensity of the scattering points of the ship are considered. The results of testing the proposed method on a data set of three types of ships, collected via a space-borne SAR sensor designed by the Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IECAS), establish that the proposed method is superior to several existing methods, including the original shape contexts method, traditional invariant moments and the recent approach.
The Challenges of Breastfeeding in a Complex World a Critical Review of the Qualitative Literature on Women and Their Partners'/supporters' Perceptions about Breastfeeding 4.0 Implications for the Health Sector Using a Health Promotion Frame ................... 38

Executive Summary " I thought I'd be absolutely fine … I thought I'd just get on with it and it would be easy really … (but) people were really shocked by the fact that you're breastfeeding in public. I kind of felt like I didn't care, but I did care a lot, and it was really difficult … I just found it really stressful, really embarrassing, really horrible " (Boyer, 2012, p557). Introduction, purpose and methods Breastfeeding is universally acknowledged as providing health benefits for mothers and infants, decreasing infant mortality and morbidity particularly in developing countries, but also in more affluent societies like Canada. Despite strong recommendations from the World Health Organization and many national health bodies in the Western world, breastfeeding rates, and in particular exclusive breastfeeding rates at six months, remain lower than recommended and can be highly variable across cultures and communities. In Canada, for example, community health survey data for 2009-2010 found a breastfeeding initiation rate of 87.3% and a six month exclusive breastfeeding rate of 25.9%.
Independence between developmental stability and canalization in the skull of the house mouse

The relationship between the two components of developmental homeostasis, that is canalization and developmental stability (DS), is currently debated. To appraise this relationship, the levels and morphological patterns of interindividual variation and fluctuating asymmetry were assessed using a geometric morphometric approach applied to the skulls of laboratory samples of the house mouse. These three samples correspond to two random–bred strains of the two European subspecies of the house mouse and their F1 hybrids. The inter– and intraindividual variation levels were found to be smaller in the hybrid group compared to the parental ones, suggesting a common heterotic effect on skull canalization and DS. Both buffering mechanisms might then depend on the same genetic condition, i.e. the level of heterozygosity. However, related morphological patterns did not exhibit any congruence. In contradiction with previous studies on insect wing traits, we therefore suggest that canalization and DS may not act on the same morphological characters. The fact that this discrepancy could be related to the functional importance of the symmetry of the characters under consideration is discussed in the light of our knowledge of the genetic bases of both components of developmental homeostasis.
Realizing the American Dream: A Parent Education Program Designed to Increase Latino Family Engagement in Children’s Education

ABSTRACT Grounded in Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler’s parent involvement process model, the Realizing the American Dream (RAD) parent education program targets Latino parents’ involvement beliefs and knowledge to enhance their involvement behaviors. Comparison of more than 2,000 parents’ self-reported beliefs, knowledge, and behavior before and after RAD revealed large effect sizes for knowledge, moderate gains in involvement behaviors, and modest changes in beliefs. Postprogram behaviors were predicted by postprogram knowledge and beliefs, prior behaviors and beliefs, and family income. Observational data from 3 sites showed that RAD was implemented with fidelity. Implications for school practice and promoting Latino parent engagement are discussed.
The relationship between the length of the base period and population forecast errors.

"The base period of a population forecast is the time period from which historical data are collected for the purpose of forecasting future population values. The length of the base period is one of the fundamental decisions made in preparing population forecasts, yet very few studies have investigated the effects of this decision on population forecast errors. In this article the relationship between the length of the base period and population forecast errors is analyzed, using three simple forecasting techniques and data from 1900 to 1980 for states in the United States. It is found that increasing the length of the base period up to 10 years improves forecast accuracy, but that further increases generally have little additional effect. The only exception to this finding is long-range forecasts of rapidly growing states, in which a longer base period substantially improves forecast accuracy for two of the forecasting techniques. "
User-Friendly Integration of Virtual Objects into Image Sequences with Mosaics

In this paper an automatic system to integrate virtual objects into image sequences taken by a rotating and zooming camera is presented. In this case of camera motion the observed static scene can be represented as a 2D panoramic mosaic image, which is estimated from the image sequence. Virtual objects can be positioned easily in the mosaic image with standard image editing software. The modifications made on the mosaic image are applied to all images of the sequence by the system. Occlusions of virtual objects by moving foreground objects of the real sequence are taken into account. In contrast to existing computer vision approaches the proposed system is very easy to handle, because no 3D modelling and animation tool is required for positioning of virtual objects in the 3D geometry of the observed scene. If moving foreground objects from the real sequence occlude virtual objects, usually the required image masks have to be generated manually. The presented system calculates these masks automatically.
Educating to secure the national interest

In this paper I examine how one political actor–former Prime Minister Kevin Rudd–proposes to use education for the purpose of securing national productivity and foreign policy. I work with Foucault’s suggestion that the apparatus of security is the essential technical instrument of governmentality and that the production of milieu, made up of human, spatial, temporal and cultural objects, and the government of risk are key strategies in the bio-politicisation of security. The discourse analysis also draws on Bacchi to problematise statements that (a) represent both the nation and regional neighbours as governable milieu within the ambit of a whole of government approach, and (b) locate literacy and education as both risk and solution in a security apparatus. My examination of the emergence of literacy and education as security technologies, takes account of the discursive effects of Rudd’s representation of the spaces and scale of national, geopolitical and global policy problems. I argue that in these examples of policy texts, education is used as a discursive tool to secure education workers and youth as subjects of economic interest and sovereign rule.
Human leukocyte antigen polymorphisms: variable humoral immune responses to viral vaccines

Antibody formation in response to antigen stimulation remains the basis for measuring an individual’s response and protection for most viral vaccines. A significant proportion of the variation in individual humoral immune response to vaccination appears to be genetic. The collection of genes found on chromosome 6 forming the human leukocyte antigen system provides one of the greatest sources of genetic variation in individuals with respect to their immunological responses. Recent research has demonstrated significant associations between vaccine response and human leukocyte antigen alleles. These associations not only explain why vaccine-induced humoral immune responses vary among individuals and between populations, but these variations may also hold the key to the development of future generations of vaccines.
Does Attitude toward the Ad Affect Brand Attitude under a Brand Evaluation Set?

The results of an experiment examining the use of attitude toward the ad and brand-related beliefs in brand attitude formation under two different processing “sets”—brand evaluation and nonbrand evaluation—are reported. Findings suggest that attitude toward the advertisement affects attitude toward the advertised brand as much under a brand evaluation set as under a nonbrand evaluation set.
Methodology of Statistical RTS Noise Analysis With Charge-Carrier Trapping Models

Random telegraph signal (RTS) noise has shown an increased impact on circuit performance at advanced complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technologies. However, there is not yet a computer-aided design tool available to analyze such noise based on the statistical distribution of traps. In this paper, a new methodology is proposed to enable integrated circuit designers to analyze their circuits in the presence of RTS noise, thus providing an opportunity to mitigate the noise effect by design. Using a 3-D atomistic simulator, compact models that could accurately describe the device structure, doping profile, and statistically representative distribution of traps were extracted for SPICE simulation. Carrier trapping/detrapping was represented by a pair of compact models at different threshold voltages, hence defining the amplitude of RTS noise. The timing parameters of RTS noise were predicted based on the Shockley-Read-Hall statistics. Simulation results reveals that, while RTS noise from a single device may have little impact (¿I out ¿ 0.0842 ¿A) on our test circuit performance, the cumulative effect from all devices (n = 30) in this relatively small circuit can be significant (¿I out ¿ 0.5766 ¿A) . This reinforces the need for an RTS noise analyzer for deep-submicrometer circuit designs.
Dogs’ Eavesdropping from People’s Reactions in Third Party Interactions

Eavesdropping involves the acquisition of information from third-party interactions, and can serve to indirectly attribute reputation to individuals. There is evidence on eavesdropping in dogs, indicating that they can develop a preference for people based on their cooperativeness towards others. In this study, we tested dogs’ eavesdropping abilities one step further. In a first experiment, dogs could choose between cooperative demonstrators (the donors) who always gave food to an approaching third person (the beggar); here, the only difference between donors was whether they received positive or negative reactions from the beggar (through verbal and gestural means). Results showed that dogs preferentially approached the donor who had received positive reactions from the beggar. By contrast, two different conditions showed that neither the beggar’s body gestures nor the verbal component of the interaction on their own were sufficient to affect the dogs’ preferences. We also ran two further experiments to test for the possibility of dogs’ choices being driven by local enhancement. When the donors switched places before the choice, dogs chose at random. Similarly, in a nonsocial condition in which donors were replaced by platforms, subjects chose at chance levels. We conclude that dogs’ nonrandom choices in the present protocol relied on the simultaneous presence of multiple cues, such as the place where donors stood and several features of the beggar’s behavior (gestural and verbal reactions, and eating behavior). Nonetheless, we did not find conclusive evidence that dogs discriminated the donors by their physical features, which is a prerequisite of reputation attribution.
Photonic band gaps in optical lattices.

We study photonic band gaps in a one-dimensional optical lattice of laser-cooled trapped atoms. We solve for the self-consistent equilibrium positions of the atoms, accounting for the backaction of the atoms on the trapping beams. This solution depends strongly on the sign of the trapping laser detuning. For red-detuned trapping lasers, the resulting lattice exhibits a one-dimensional photonic band gap for frequencies between the trapping laser frequency and the atomic resonance. For blue detuning the stop band extends symmetrically about resonance, typically for hundreds of atomic linewidths, except for the small region between atomic resonance and the lattice frequency, which is excluded. We calculate the reflection spectrum for a lattice of Cs atoms for various trapping laser detunings and interpret its behavior as a function of the lattice size and density. For a mean density of ${10}^{11}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$, and 1000 planes, 55% reflection of a weak probe beam should be observed. We also consider Bragg scattering in a three-dimensional optical lattice as a means of probing the long-range order in the atomic density correlation function.
Three-Dimensional Muscle Architecture and Comprehensive Dynamic Properties of Rabbit Gastrocnemius, Plantaris and Soleus: Input for Simulation Studies

The vastly increasing number of neuro-muscular simulation studies (with increasing numbers of muscles used per simulation) is in sharp contrast to a narrow database of necessary muscle parameters. Simulation results depend heavily on rough parameter estimates often obtained by scaling of one muscle parameter set. However, in vivo muscles differ in their individual properties and architecture. Here we provide a comprehensive dataset of dynamic (n = 6 per muscle) and geometric (three-dimensional architecture, n = 3 per muscle) muscle properties of the rabbit calf muscles gastrocnemius, plantaris, and soleus. For completeness we provide the dynamic muscle properties for further important shank muscles (flexor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum longus, and tibialis anterior; n = 1 per muscle). Maximum shortening velocity (normalized to optimal fiber length) of the gastrocnemius is about twice that of soleus, while plantaris showed an intermediate value. The force-velocity relation is similar for gastrocnemius and plantaris but is much more bent for the soleus. Although the muscles vary greatly in their three-dimensional architecture their mean pennation angle and normalized force-length relationships are almost similar. Forces of the muscles were enhanced in the isometric phase following stretching and were depressed following shortening compared to the corresponding isometric forces. While the enhancement was independent of the ramp velocity, the depression was inversely related to the ramp velocity. The lowest effect strength for soleus supports the idea that these effects adapt to muscle function. The careful acquisition of typical dynamical parameters (e.g. force-length and force-velocity relations, force elongation relations of passive components), enhancement and depression effects, and 3D muscle architecture of calf muscles provides valuable comprehensive datasets for e.g. simulations with neuro-muscular models, development of more realistic muscle models, or simulation of muscle packages.
La conscience du trouble en psychiatrie. II. Travaux empiriques actuels. La mesure de l'insight

L'interet renouvele pour la conscience de la maladie en Psychiatrie correspond au souci pragmatique de mesurer cet element essentiel de la Psychopathologie. Phenomene complexe et multidimensionnel, il a donne lieu a de recentes etudes critiques (I.S. Markova, G.E. Berrios, 1995). On peut distinguer plusieurs aspects : 1) la conscience d'etre malade ; 2) la conscience des differents symptomes ; 3) la conscience de necessiter un traitement ; 4) la conscience des consequences (en particulier psychosociales) ; 5) l'attribution causale. Divers instruments de psychopathologie quantitative ont ete proposes. Ils sont presentes dans cet article, avec les etudes qui les utilisent, en particulier la SUMD de X.F. Amador et al. (1994), l'echelle de A.S. David (1990) et celle de I.S. Markova et G. -E. Berrios (1992). L'absence d'insight serait l'element clinique le plus constant dans les diverses presentations de la schizophrenie, observable chez 50 a 75 % des patients. Associee a d'autres elements, elle pourrait definir un sous-type de cette maladie. Cette non conscience du trouble a pu etre consideree comme une defense psychologique, un mecanisme de « coping », ou un deficit neuropsychologique (anosognosie), lie a une dysfonction frontale. On a voulu correler ce deficit avec les sous-types de schizophrenie, l'âge de debut, la severite et le pronostic, la suicidalite, les symptomes negatifs et positifs, les troubles neuropsychologiques, le quotient intellectuel, le niveau d'education, l'observance therapeutique, l'imagerie cerebrale, etc. Ce peut etre aussi un domaine important d'intervention therapeutique.