Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Formulas for the Fourier Series of Orthogonal Polynomials in Terms of Special Functions

An explicit formula for the Fourier coef cients of the Legendre polynomials can be found in the Bateman Manuscript Project. However, formulas for more general classes of orthogonal polynomials do not appear to have been worked out. Here we derive explicit formulas for the Fourier series of Gegenbauer, Jacobi, Laguerre and Hermite polynomials. The methods described here apply in principle to an class of polynomials, including non-orthogonal polynomials. Index TermsFourier series, Gegenbauer polynomials, Jacobi polynomials, Laguerre polynomials, Hermite polynomials. An explicit formula for the Fourier coef cients of Legendre polynomials appears in the Bateman Manuscript Project [3, 4, 5, 6]. One nds that Pn(x) = 1 X k= 1 b Pn (k) e x (1) where b Pn (k) = 1 2 Z 1
Accelerating the computation of parallel trajectories of gradient descent with the Cell-BE multiprocessor environment

Neural networks offer various possibilities for function approximation. When provided a set of data points, the network learns to approximate the underlying function that generates those points. Although the network can be very efficient, the amount computation needed during the learning process can be very high. In order to improve this process, we explore the parallelization for the random scanning of starting points selected for the gradient descent algorithm using Cell-BE multiprocessor environment. We show the application of this method for approximating 3D nonlinear function, as well as for predicting 2D time series. We show that the parallel tracing of gradient descent trajectories of the 3D function approximation allows identifying a suitable starting condition for implementing an efficient gradient descent, while being able deliver the required accuracy of approximation in a shorter time. In 2D time series prediction the attained advantage is the possibility to achieve simultaneous prediction for various numbers of steps ahead. It is shown how the Cell-BE multiprocessor offers a convenient parallel environment for the above solutions.
on : Blood Vessel Extraction and Eye Retinopathy Detection

Diabetic retinopathy eye disease which is harmful; cuases pressure in eye nerve fiber. It is essential to diagnose it earlier. And this paper we have process on images of retina with the help of Digital Image Processing (DIP) tool. Therefore in which images are getting detected and then processed. At last we distinguish the problem of detecting edges in images as a diabetic retinopathy (DR), macular degeneration and glaucoma. The edge detection problem can be separated into three stages: filtering; detection; and tracing. And images separated with the application of different algorithm based on local pixel characteristics which can control the degree of Gaussian smoothing [1]. Filtered images are then applied to a simple edge detection algorithm which evaluates the edge fuzzy association value for each pixel; based on local image characteristics.
United Institute of Informatics - Problems at CLEF 2009 Medical Image Retrieval Task

This paper describes methods and results archived by our research group at the Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF’2009). In our work we concentrated on the medical image retrieval task. All the attention was given to the retrieval based on nine visual topics only. No textual information was considered. Our goal was to develop and comparatively assess image descriptors for content based retrieval on the large medical image database. In addition to results of official relevance judgment, time- and computational efficiency of the algorithms has also been of our interest. An approach based on generalized co-occurrence matrices was used. The following elementary image characteristics have been utilized: signal intensity, absolute value of the intensity gradient and the angle between the gradient vectors in the pixel pairs.
Outbreak of viral gastroenteritis due to a contaminated well. International consequences.

CONTEXT Small round-structured viruses (SRSVs) are known to cause viral gastroenteritis, but until now have not been confirmed in the implicated vehicle in outbreaks. OBJECTIVE Investigation of a gastroenteritis outbreak. DESIGN After applying epidemiologic methods to locate the outbreak source, we conducted environmental and laboratory investigations to elucidate the cause. SETTING Tourists traveling by bus through Alaska and the Yukon Territory of Canada. PARTICIPANTS Staff of a restaurant at a business complex implicated as the outbreak source, convenience sample of persons on buses that had stopped there, and bus employees. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Odds ratios (ORs) for illness associated with exposures. Water samples from the restaurant and stool specimens from tourists and restaurant staff were examined by nucleic acid amplification using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of viral amplification products. RESULTS The itineraries of groups of tourists manifesting vomiting or diarrhea were traced back to a restaurant where buses had stopped 33 to 36 hours previously. Water consumption was associated with illness (OR, 5.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-12.6). Eighteen of 26 employees of the business complex were ill; although not the index case, an employee ill shortly before the outbreak lived in a building connected to a septic pit, which was found to contaminate the well supplying the restaurant's water. Genotype 2/P2B SRSV was identified in stool specimens of 2 tourists and 1 restaurant employee. Stools and water samples yielded identical amplification product sequences. CONCLUSIONS The investigation documented SRSVs in a vehicle epidemiologically linked to a gastroenteritis outbreak. The findings demonstrate the power of molecular detection and identification and underscore the importance of fundamental public health practices such as restaurant inspection, assurance of a safe water supply, and disease surveillance.
Stochastic Cash Management Problem with Double Exponential Jump Diffusion Processes

In this paper, we investigate the effect of a sharp cash level fluctuation resulting from the inflow and outflow of a large amount of cash and how the cash balance is managed. We describe the cash level evolution as stochastic jump-diffusion process with double exponential distributed jump size, and formulate a cash management model for minimizing the sum of the transaction and holding-penalty costs. This model can be formulated as an impulse control model, and we derived the cost function under the assumption that a band-type policy exists. Moreover, we discuss the effect of such a fluctuation on the optimal policy though some numerical examples. Consequently, we show the cost function explicit and clarify that the size of sharp fluctuation has strong implications for the optimal policy.
An appraisal of online audio Qur'an as a new media tool for civilization

In this paper we evaluate online audio Qur'an capability as a new media tool. The fact that the number of audio Qur'an on the Internet is increasing, raised a question on whether it could be used as a new media tool to incorporate both Islamic teaching and civilization. Audio Qur'an is a resource that will impact people in many ways. In the circumstances where people that cannot be able to read text Qur'an which is mostly in Arabic, listening it in audio and following is a good starting step of learning. Those people could also gain from some additional information that the sources of this online audio Qur'an might introduce. This study uses quantitative survey research methodology and investigates how online audio Qur'an could be use as a new media tool for civilization. The research findings indicate that “Educational level” and “Using audio Qur'an” exerted a huge impact on positive perception of incorporation of civilization to understanding of Qur'an. However, the effect of accuracy and trust on the sources of such integration could raise serious questions and can be perceived differently, whereas the benefit is enormous.
Premarital Sex, Schoolgirl Pregnancy, and School Quality in Rural Kenya

Using data from nearly 600 adolescents aged 12–19 in combination with data collected from 33 primary schools that the adolescents attended, this report explores whether certain aspects of the school environment affect the initiation of premarital sex among girls and boys in three districts of Kenya. The results suggest that, although neither the school nor the home appears to influence whether boys engage in sex prior to marriage, for girls, a school characterized by a gender-neutral atmosphere appears to reduce the risk of their engaging in premarital sex. Furthermore, although policymakers in Kenya are clearly concerned with the problem of " schoolgirl pregnancy, " the data indicate that in this sample, pregnancy is not the primary reason that girls leave school. Given the fluidity of the traditional African marriage process , the onset of sexual relations and childbearing prior to the initiation of a formal union was not uncommon in Kenya in the past (Meekers 1992). Adolescent sexual and reproductive behavior is changing, however, in ways that potentially undermine the physical health and social and economic well-being of young people. Because the environment in which adolescents are currently growing up places a greater premium on the acquisition of skills, the consequences of early sex and pregnancy may be more severe than they were in the past. These consequences are potentially more problematic for girls, who are especially vulnerable to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS as teenagers, 1 who shoulder all of the burden of premarital childbearing, and, according to Bledsoe and Cohen (1993), most of the cost and burden of childrearing. Until recently, marriage and childbearing during the adolescent years were not only regarded as normative for girls in sub-Saharan Africa but also were considered desirable (Bledsoe and Cohen 1993). As education has become more widespread, marriage and, especially, childbearing among teenagers are increasingly mentioned as limiting formal schooling and reducing early training and work opportunities (Cald-well et al. 1992). Although the rising age of marriage has led to an overall decline in adolescent fertility in Kenya, the proportion of births among teenagers that occur before marriage is increasing. Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data indicate that the fraction of women who have had a premarital birth before age 20 has risen from about 20 percent for older cohorts of women to approximately 30 percent for those aged 20–24 in 1998. Indeed, the data indicate that age at marriage …
Existe una relación entre la consciencia de la muerte y la responsabilidad sobre el sí mismo

Today's society, constantly changing, also requires from institutions responsible for the management of science, new adaptations to new difficulties. The lack of responsibility on the self seems to be the root of many conflicts that persuade humanity. The awareness of death is biased by an infinite number of beliefs and taboos. It is possible that the consciousness of death bring more responsibility on the self? This investigation's purpose is to discover whether there is a relationship between these two consciousnesses. There is considerable literature supporting this association in both, Western and Oriental, streams (Osho 2014) (Kubler Ross, 2004), (Moody, 1975). A model of qualitative focus group research, with a final content analysis aimed at measuring indicators of responsibility of the self, is used to accomplish the purpose. Two focus groups, one who has had a near-death experience, and one that hasn’t. It is expected to find a significant difference in the incidence of indicators with a higher score in the group that is made up with people who have had a near death experience. This study proposes new techniques that can help all therapeutic community, adapting the solutions, to the moving requirements of the younger generation.
Three Perspectives on Video Game Learning: Behaviorism, Cognitivism, and Constructivism

Video games and gamified applications have been used for various purposes including helping businesses (in commercial marketing), or helping the individual, community or society (in social marketing). Video games are systems with rules, play structures, and narratives; while gamified applications utilize game elements, mechanics, and ways of thinking to generate meaningful, playful and fun experiences. Both video games and gamified applications require a learning process including learning to play, and learning through the game. This chapter advocates that learning is an inherent component of video games and gamified applications. The main purpose of this chapter is to examine the concept of ‘game learning’ from three major theoretical positions, namely Behaviorism, Cognitivism, and Constructivism. In doing so, this chapter first explains, compares, and contrasts these three positions, then elaborates on how learning takes place in specific games designed for commercial and social marketing with the lens of these three positions.
Incidence and Prognostic Impact of FoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells in Human Gliomas

Purpose: The incidence of regulatory T cells (Treg) in intrinsic central nervous system malignancies is unknown. Immunotherapeutic approaches that inhibit the Treg population may be limited to a subset of patients with gliomas. Our hypothesis is that only the most malignant gliomas have a prominent glioma-infiltrating Treg population that contributes to the immunosuppressive biology and that the presence of Tregs is a negative prognostic variable. Experimental Design: We measured the incidence of Tregs in 135 glial tumors (including all pathologic types) in a glioma microarray using immunohistochemical analysis. Results were categorized according to the total number of Tregs within the tumors. Correlation of the presence of Tregs with prognosis was evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Tregs were not present in normal brain tissue and were very rarely found in low-grade gliomas and oligodendrogliomas. We observed significant differences in the prevalence of Tregs between astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors, between tumors of different grades, and between different pathologic types of tumors. We identified Tregs most frequently in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) but very rarely in low-grade astrocytomas. The presence of Tregs within GBMs did not alter the median survival in patients from whom the tumors were obtained. Conclusions: Treg infiltration differed significantly in the tumors according to lineage, pathology, and grade. Tregs seemed to have the highest predilection for tumors of the astrocytic lineage and specifically in the high-grade gliomas, such as GBM. In both univariate and multivariate analysis, the presence of Tregs in GBMs seemed to be prognostically neutral.
A memory aware high level synthesis tool

We introduce a new approach to take into account the memory architecture and the memory mapping in high-level synthesis for data intensive applications. We formalize the memory mapping as a set of constraints for the synthesis, and defined a memory constraint graph and an accessibility criterion to be used in the scheduling step. We use a memory mapping file to include those memory constraints in our HLS tool GAUT. It is possible, with the help of GAUT, to explore a wide range of solutions, and to reach a good tradeoff between time, power-consumption, and area.
GPU-Based Ray Tracing of Splats

When it comes to rendering models available as points, rather than meshes, splats are a common intermediate internal representation. In this paper we further the state of the art by ray tracing splats to produce expected effects such as reflections, refraction, and shadows. We render complex models at interactive frame rates allowing real time viewpoint, lighting, and material changes. Our system relies on efficient techniques of storing and traversing point models on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs).
Expression in Vascular Cells Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Atherogenesis : Regulators of Gene

A large body of data gathered over the past couple of years has identified the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) , , and / as transcription factors exerting modulatory actions in vascular cells. PPARs, which belong to the nuclear receptor family of ligand-activated transcription factors, were originally described as gene regulators of various metabolic pathways. Although the PPAR , , and / subtypes are 60% to 80% homologous in their ligandand DNA-binding domains, significant differences in ligand and target gene specificities are observed. PPAR is activated by polyunsaturated fatty acids and oxidized derivatives and by lipid-modifying drugs of the fibrate family, including fenofibrate or gemfibrozil. PPAR controls expression of genes implicated in lipid metabolism. PPAR , in contrast, is a key regulator of glucose homeostasis and adipogenesis. Ligands of PPAR include naturally occurring FA derivatives, such as hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (HODEs), prostaglandin derivatives such as 15-deoxy -prostaglandin J2, and glitazones, insulin-sensitizing drugs presently used to treat patients with type 2 diabetes. Ligands for PPAR / are polyunsaturated fatty acids, prostaglandins, and synthetic compounds, some of which are presently in clinical development. PPAR / stimulates fatty acid oxidation predominantly acting in muscle. All PPARs are expressed in vascular cells, where they exhibit antiinflammatory and antiatherogenic properties. In addition, studies in various animal models as well as clinical data suggest that PPAR and PPAR activators can modulate atherogenesis in vivo. At present, no data are available relating to possible effects of PPAR / agonists on atherogenesis. Given the widespread use of PPAR and PPAR agonists in patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease, the understanding of their function in the vasculature is not only of basic interest but also has important clinical implications. This review will focus on the role of PPARs in the vasculature and summarize the present understanding of their effects on atherogenesis and its cardiovascular complications. (Circ Res. 2004;94:1168-1178.)
Land use and transport simulation Applying UrbanSim in the Greater Zürich area

: With the collaboration of two ETH Institutes, a transport and land use simulation model is currently set up for the Greater Zurich area. The goal is to combine the land use simulation model UrbanSim with a common transport simulation. In its first part, the paper gives a general outline of the project and its contents. The second part then focuses on data generation and modelling efforts particularly concerning rent prices and the generation of household information. A major household survey has recently been conducted and online data retrieved to collect real estate information which is used in a regression model. Moreover, household data has been synthesised using a simulated annealing algorithm. The procedure is described along with its first results. The paper concludes with an outlook on further work steps within the project.
Energy management system for LVDC island networks

Environmental concerns have led to increased penetration of renewable energy sources into the power grid. Many researches have considered localized and small-scale renewable energy sources supplying microgrids-small-scale localized distribution networks-as a backup to the main grid. Further, the aging of traditional transmission networks has led some researchers to propose islanded operations of the microgrid; the grid is isolated from the main grid and operates independently. However, islanded operations face many challenges such as power quality, voltage regulation, network stability, and protection. Moreover, renewable energy sources are unreliable and intermittent. Recent developments in power electronics have made it possible to develop competitive and reliable low-voltage DC (LVDC) distribution networks. Further, advances in information and communications technology (ICT) have led to smart grids in which various devices in the network can communicate with each other and/or a control center. In this paper, we consider an islanded LVDC smart microgrid that uses renewable energy sources. An energy management system (EMS) that ensures efficient energy and power balancing and voltage regulation is proposed for the network. The DC network utilizes solar panels for electricity production and lead-acid batteries as energy storage to support the production. The EMS uses the master/slave method with robust communication infrastructure to control the production, storage, and loads. The logical basis for the EMS operations has been established by proposing functionalities for the network components and defining operation modes that encompass all situations. During loss-of-power-supply periods, load prioritizations and disconnections are used to maintain power supply to at least some loads. The successful performance of the proposed EMS to maintain energy balance in the network has been demonstrated by simulations.
Eye gaze calibration based on support vector regression machine

For eye gaze tracking in the paper propose the method based on the support vector regression to build up mapping function between the iris position and the eye gaze position. In addition, we use the central coordinates of the iris as input features of the support vector regression algorithm. The experimental result shows the method for eye gaze tracking is superior to the traditional tracking algorithms making polynomial as regression model in the estimation accuracy.
Non-relativistic holography

We consider holography for d-dimensional scale invariant but non-Lorentz invariant field theories, which do not admit the full Schrodinger symmetry group. We find new realizations of the corresponding (d+1)-dimensional gravity duals, engineered with a variety of matter Lagrangians, and their finite temperature generalizations. The thermodynamic properties of the finite temperature backgrounds are precisely those expected for anisotropic, scale invariant field theories. The brane and string theory realizations of such backgrounds are briefly discussed, along with their holographic interpretationin terms of marginal but non Lorentz invariant deformations of conformal field theories. We initiate discussion of holographic renormalization in these backgrounds, and note that such systematic renormalization is necessary to obtain the correct behavior of correlation functions.
Probing the cosmic microwave background temperature using the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect

We discuss the possibility of constraining the relation between redshift and temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) using multifrequency Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) observations. We have simulated a catalog of clusters of galaxies detected through their SZ signature assuming the sensitivities that will be achieved by the Planck satellite at 100, 143 and 353 GHz, taking into account the instrumental noise and the contamination from the Cosmic Infrared Background and from unresolved radiosources. We have parametrized the cosmological temperature-redshift law as T ∝ (1 + z) (1−a) . U sing two sets of SZ flux density ratios (100/143 GHz, which is most sensitive to the parametrization of the T − z law, and 143/353 GHz, which is most sensitive to the peculiar velocities of the clusters) we show that it is possible to recover the T − z law assuming that the temperatures and redshifts of the clusters are known. From a simulated catalog of ∼1200 clusters, the parameter a can be recovered to an accuracy of 10 −2 . Sensitive SZ observations thus appear as a potentially useful tool to test the standard law. Most cosmological models predict a linear variation of the CMB temperature with redshift. The discovery of an alternative law would have profound implications on the cosmological model, implying creation of energy in a manner that would still maintain the black-body shape of the CMB spectrum at redshift zero.