Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Getting physicians to accept new information technology: insights from case studies

Background: The success or failure of a computer information system (CIS) depends on whether physicians accept or resist its implementation. Using case studies, we analyzed the implementation of such systems in 3 hospitals to understand better the dynamics of physicians' resistance to CIS implementation. Methods: We selected cases to maximize variation while allowing comparison of CIS implementations. Data were collected from observations, documentation and interviews, the last being the main source of data. Interviewees comprised 15 physicians, 14 nurses and 14 system implementers. Transcripts were produced; 45 segments of the transcripts were coded by several judges, with an appropriate level of intercoder reliability. We conducted within-case and cross-case analyses of the data. Results: Initially, most staff were neutral or enthusiastic about the CIS implementations. During implementation, the level of resistance varied and in 2 instances became great enough to lead to major disruptions and system withdrawal. Implementers' responses to physicians' resistance behaviours played a critical role. In one case, the responses were supportive and addressed the issues related to the real object of resistance; the severity of resistance decreased, and the CIS implementation was ultimately successful. In the other 2 cases, the implementers' responses reinforced the resistance behaviours. Three types of responses had such an effect in these cases: implementers' lack of response to resistance behaviours, antagonistic responses, and supportive responses aimed at the wrong object of resistance. Interpretation: The 3 cases we analyzed showed the importance of the roles played by implementers and users in determining the outcomes of a CIS implementation.
Se p 20 09 On the explicit Lipshitz constant for the joint spectral radius ∗

In 2002 F. Wirth has proved that the joint spectral radius of irreducible compact families of matrices is locally Lipshitz continuous as a function of the matrix family. In the paper, an explicit formula for the related Lipshitz constant is obtained. PACS number 02.10. Ud; 02.10. Yn MSC 2000: 15A18; 15A60
Topology control algorithms for wireless sensor networks: a critical survey

In a densely deployed wireless sensor network, a single node has many neighbouring nodes with which direct communication would be possible when using sufficiently large transmission power. This is, however, not beneficial; high transmission power requires lots of energy, many neighbours are a burden for a MAC protocol, and routing protocols suffer from volatility in the network when nodes move around. To overcome these problem topology control can be applied. The idea is to deliberately restrict the set of nodes that are considered neighbours of a given node. This article surveys the most popular and efficient topology control algorithms for wireless ad hoc sensor networks.
On base change theorem and coherence in rigid cohomology.

We prove that the base change theorem in rigid coho- mology holds when the rigid cohomology sheaves both for the given morphism and for its base extension morphism are coherent. Apply- ing this result, we give a condition under which the rigid cohomology of families becomes an overconvergent isocrystal. Finally, we establish generic coherence of rigid cohomology of proper smooth families under the assumption of existence of a smooth lift of the generic fiber. Then the rigid cohomology becomes an overconvergent isocrystal generi- cally. The assumption is satisfied in the case of families of curves. This example relates to P. Berthelot's conjecture of the overconver- gence of rigid cohomology for proper smooth families.
Categories of Coalgebraic Games with Selective Sum

Joyal's categorical construction on (well-founded) Conway games and winning strategies provides a compact closed category, where tensor and linear implication are defined via Conway disjunctive sum (in combination with negation for linear implication). The equivalence induced on games by the morphisms coincides with the contextual closure of the equideterminacy relation w.r. t. the disjunctive sum. Recently, the above categorical construction has been generalized to non-wellfounded games. Here we investigate Joyal's construction for a different notion of sum, i.e. selective sum. While disjunctive sum reflects the interleaving semantics, selective sum accommodates a form of parallelism, by allowing the current player to move in different parts of the board simultaneously. We show that Joyal's categorical construction can be successfully extended to selective sum, when we consider alternating games, i.e. games where each position is marked as Left player (L) or Right player (R), that is only L or R can move from that position, R starts, and L/R positions strictly alternate. Alternating games typically arise in the context of Game Semantics. This category of well-founded games with selective sum is symmetric monoidal closed, and it induces exactly the equideterminacy relation. Generalizations to non-wellfounded games give linear categories, i.e. models of Linear Logic. Our game models, providing a certain level of parallelism, may be situated halfway between traditional sequential alternating game models and the concurrent game models by Abramsky and Mellies. We work in a context of coalgebraic games, whereby games are viewed as elements of a final coalgebra, and game operations are defined as final morphisms.
Are Students Throwing Away Nutrition?

Abstract The School Breakfast Program (SBP) began in 1966 in order to provide breakfast for children in poor areas and for those who had to travel a great distance to school. Although participation in the SBP has doubled between 1987 and 1997, it is unclear whether children are consuming a well-balanced breakfast. The purpose of this study was to determine whether students in a rural Missouri elementary school were eating the complete SBP meal and thereby obtaining adequate nutrition. The subjects were grades K-2 students who received the SBP meal over three days during one week in February 2001. Researchers observed which meal items were “not taken/not eaten” and noted the information on a Meal Pattern Tally Form for each student. Overall, it seemed that the students in this study consistently did not eat approximately 10% of their milk and grain/meat main menu items, nor about 40% of their fruit/vegetable servings. Consistently, more females than males did not eat the minimum servings of all food items over the 3-day period. Implications are discussed.
Structure and Dynamics of the G121V Dihydrofolate Reductase Mutant: Lessons from a Transition-State Inhibitor Complex

It is well known that enzyme flexibility is critical for function. This is due to the observation that the rates of intramolecular enzyme motions are often matched to the rates of intermolecular events such as substrate binding and product release. Beyond this role in progression through the reaction cycle, it has been suggested that enzyme dynamics may also promote the chemical step itself. Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is a model enzyme for which dynamics have been proposed to aid in both substrate flux and catalysis. The G121V mutant of DHFR is a well studied form that exhibits a severe reduction in the rate of hydride transfer yet there remains dispute as to whether this defect is caused by altered structure, dynamics, or both. Here we address this by presenting an NMR study of the G121V mutant bound to reduced cofactor and the transition state inhibitor, methotrexate. NMR chemical shift markers demonstrate that this form predominantly adopts the closed conformation thereby allowing us to provide the first glimpse into the dynamics of a catalytically relevant complex. Based on 15N and 2H NMR spin relaxation, we find that the mutant complex has modest changes in ps-ns flexibility with most affected residues residing in the distal adenosine binding domain rather than the active site. Thus, aberrant ps-ns dynamics are likely not the main contributor to the decreased catalytic rate. The most dramatic effect of the mutation involves changes in µs-ms dynamics of the F-G and Met20 loops. Whereas loop motion is quenched in the wild type transition state inhibitor complex, the F-G and Met20 loops undergo excursions from the closed conformation in the mutant complex. These excursions serve to decrease the population of conformers having the correct active site configuration, thus providing an explanation for the G121V catalytic defect.
Creating Competitive Markets: The Politics of Regulatory Reform

Creating Competitive Markets: The Politics of Regulatory Reform. Edited by Marc K. Landy, Martin A. Levin, and Martin Shapiro. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2007. 368p. $59.95 cloth, $29.95 paper. For the past 30 years, policy innovation in the United States and much of the industrialized world has centered on “liberalizing” markets and allowing competitive forces to unleash human creativity and flexibility. Legislators have relaxed restrictions on competition in telecommunications, banking, airlines, and a variety of other markets, ostensibly to enhance the efficiency of each market and thereby benefit both consumers and producers. This wave of “deregulation” has had a decidedly mixed track record. The easing of U.S. banking restrictions in the 1980s, for example, facilitated a host of financial innovations within the sector, but also contributed to the disastrous savings-and-loan crisis of the late 1980s. The deregulation of the airline industry in the late 1970s was deemed a success for consumers, but the promotion of competition in electricity markets in the 1990s was less successful.
The making of fetal surgery

Fetal diagnosis prompts the question for fetal therapy in highly selected cases. Some conditions are suitable for in utero surgical intervention. This paper reviews historically important steps in the development of fetal surgery. The first invasive fetal intervention in 1963 was an intra‐uterine blood transfusion. It took another 20 years to understand the pathophysiology of other candidate fetal conditions and to develop safe anaesthetic and surgical techniques before the team at the University of California at San Francisco performed its first urinary diversion through hysterotomy. This procedure would be abandoned as renal and pulmonary function could be just as effectively salvaged by ultrasound‐guided insertion of a bladder shunt. Fetoscopy is another method for direct access to the feto‐placental unit. It was historically used for fetal visualisation to guide biopsies or for vascular access but was also abandoned following the introduction of high‐resolution ultrasound. Miniaturisation revived fetoscopy in the 1990s, since when it has been successfully used to operate on the placenta and umbilical cord. Today, it is also used in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), in whom lung growth is triggered by percutaneous tracheal occlusion. It can also be used to diagnose and treat urinary obstruction. Many fetal interventions remain investigational but for a number of conditions randomised trials have established the role of in utero surgery, making fetal surgery a clinical reality in a number of fetal therapy programmes. The safety of fetal surgery is such that even non‐lethal conditions, such as myelomeningocoele repair, are at this moment considered a potential indication. This, as well as fetal intervention for CDH, is currently being investigated in randomised trials. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Studies of Motor Function in Schizophrenia: I. Speed of Tapping

Resume Comme partie d'une investigation de la schizophrenie on a fait une etude de la vitesse du mouvement avec un appareil modifie de taper a clefs alternees. Les groupes ont compris 123 sujets schizophrenes, 60 normaux, et 13 maniaco-depressifs, sur quelques-uns desquels on a repete 1'experience une fois ou plus a des intervalles de trois mois. Les schizophrenes ont donne des resultats moyens moins eleves d'une facon signifiante et ont montre une plus grande variation que les normaux. Le premier groupe a montre des progres de seance tandis que le dernier n'a montre aucun changement. Les schizophrenes sont devenus aussi moins variables dans les seances suivantes. Les correlations dans les seances et entre les seances indiquent une coherence elevee. Une analyse faite des facteurs de selection, des facteurs ayant relation a la situation experimentale, et des facteurs ayant relation a la condition psychotique ont indique que l'âge, la duree de la psychose, et les niveaux d'education et d'occupation ont joue.
A Reader's Structuring of Symbolic Content

The following research explores a reader's designation and use of symbolic material as she responds to a literary text. The reading process is viewed as interactive. The reader's experience and knowledge influence the way she views the text. At the same time, her responses are seen as conditioned by the text. Responses were gathered by the use of the interruption method in which the reader reacted to short segments of the text.
Neurogenic markers of the inflammatory process in atopic dermatitis: relation to the severity and pruritus

Introduction Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease, characterized by eczematous skin lesions and intensive pruritus. Recent studies have shed light on the role of the nervous system in the pathogenesis of AD. It can influence the course of the disease through an altered pattern of cutaneous innervation and abnormal expression of neuropeptides in the lesional skin. Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate plasma concentrations of the nerve growth factor (NGF), substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in AD patients in comparison to two control groups (healthy volunteers and patients suffering from psoriasis). Correlations between plasma levels of evaluated parameters, severity of the disease and selected clinical parameters (skin prick tests, total and antigen specific IgE levels) were also analysed. Material and methods Seventy-five patients with AD, 40 patients with psoriasis and 40 healthy volunteers were included into the study. Patients with AD included 52 persons suffering from an extrinsic and 23 from an intrinsic type of the disease. The severity of skin lesions was assessed with SCORAD index. Pruritus was evaluated on the basis of the questionnaire assessing the extent, frequency and intensity of pruritus. Commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (SP, NGF: R&D Systems; and VIP: Phoenix Pharmaceuticals) were used to assess the neuropeptide and NGF plasma levels. Results Nerve growth factor and VIP plasma concentrations were significantly higher in AD patients compared to psoriatic patients and healthy subjects. Substance P plasma concentrations were elevated in the extrinsic type of AD and psoriasis comparing to healthy volunteers. There were no statistically significant differences in NGF, SP and VIP plasma concentrations between the extrinsic and intrinsic type of AD. There was also no correlation between plasma levels of evaluated parameters (NGF, SP, VIP) and SCORAD index in both types of AD. However, plasma SP concentration correlated with intensity of pruritus in AD patients. Plasma VIP concentrations correlated with intensity of pruritus in the intrinsic type of AD and with IgE-mediated sensitization to moulds in the extrinsic type of disease. Conclusions Our findings confirm that NGF and VIP play a prominent role in atopic inflammatory reactions and may serve as good alternative biomarkers of AD. The results of this study also suggest a similar important role of neuroimmune interactions in both variants of AD. Increased SP plasma concentrations in both AD and psoriasis point to its possible role in modulating immune-mediated inflammation in different chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Moreover, SP and VIP seem to influence the course of AD by increasing pruritus, whereas an elevated plasma VIP level in AD patients may be related to a risk of developing IgE-mediated sensitization to certain airborne allergens.
O mercado e a norma: o Estado moderno e a intervenção pública na economia

This article starts from a discussion on the weberian conception of the market as a means by excellence to foment "socialization among strangers" to then reflect theoretically on modernization and market. Beyond evident suggestions involved in the reflexion on the role of market in the contemporary world, it aims to establish some specific nexus ­ despite all the tensions involved ­ between market archetype and the operation of the modern democratic political systems.
The Endo-Extralaryngeal Needle Carrier

A laryngeal needle holder has been devised. This instrument will allow endoscopic insertion of sutures for lateralization of a paralyzed vocal cord or for fixation of endoscopically inserted stents or keels in laryngotracheal stenosis. The suture material is delivered by a curved nontraumatic cutting needle. After the needle is inserted in the desired endoscopic area, the tip protrudes through the anterior neck skin. The needle and distal suture are then pulled through the skin and the needle holder is withdrawn. The proximal portion of the suture is then inserted in the same fashion. Both ends of the suture are then fixed over buttons on the neck. The technique avoids the blind and cumbersome method of placing suture material from the skin to airway and back out to skin again.
Age-Dependent Fecal Bacterial Correlation to Inflammatory Bowel Disease for Newly Diagnosed Untreated Children

The knowledge about correlation patterns between the fecal microbiota and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD)—comprising the two subforms Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)—for newly diagnosed untreated children is limited. To address this knowledge gap, a selection of faecal specimens (CD, n = 27 and UC, n = 16) and non-IBD controls (n = 30) children (age < 18 years) was analysed utilising bacterial small subunit (SSU) rRNA. We found, surprising age dependence for the fecal microbiota correlating to IBD. The most pronounced patterns were that E. coli was positively (R 2 = 0.16, P = 0.05) and Bacteroidetes, negatively (R 2 = 0.15, P = 0.05) correlated to age for CD patients. For UC, we found an apparent opposite age-related disease correlation for both Bacteroides and Escherichia. In addition, there was an overrepresentation of Haemophilus for the UC children. From our, results we propose a model where the aetiology of IBD is related to an on-going immunological development in children requiring different age-dependent bacterial stimuli. The impact of our findings could be a better age stratification for understanding and treating IBD in children.
Multi-Task Linear Dependency Modeling for drug-related webpages classification

In this paper, Multi-Task Linear Dependency Modeling is proposed to distinguish drug-related webpages that contain lots of images and text. Linear Dependency Modeling exploits semantic relations between images features and text features, and Multi-Task Learning takes advantage of metadata of webpages. Meaningful information of webpages can be made use of fully to improve classification accuracy. Experimental results show that Multi-Task Linear Dependency Modeling outperforms existing decision level and feature level combination methods and achieves the best performance.
Computerized History Games: Narrative Options

How may historians best express history through computer games? This article suggests that the answer lies in correctly correlating historians’ goals for teaching with the capabilities of different kinds of computer games. During the development of a game prototype for high school students, the author followed best practices as expressed in the literature on games for learning. The analysis that followed led the author to question the applicability of these best practices, and this literature, to history games for learning. He began the second iteration by asking, “What is it that we as historians want to teach? ” After deciding on goals for history education, the author asked a second question, “How can these goals be best expressed in a game environment? ” Different game genres afford different possibilities, and the author connects three epistemologies for history to three computer game genres, resulting in three options for history games for learning.
Sensitivity Analysis of Voltage Sag Based Fault Location With Distributed Generation

The presence of distributed generation (DG) in distribution networks may seriously affect accuracy of the voltage sag based fault location method. An approach toward quantifying the adverse effect of DG on the fault location calculation is described. A series of realistic scenarios is used to illustrate how DG impacts synchrophasor measurements during disturbances. Alternative Transients Program-Electromagnetic Transients Program models are used to obtain steady-state solutions in the time domain, while Sobol's approach to sensitivity analysis is used to quantify the effect of DG and imperfections of measuring instruments on fault location. Various test cases reveal that DG may adversely affect the voltage characteristic and therefore the accuracy of voltage sag based fault location.
Nonlinearity Modelling of QoE for Video Streaming over Wireless and Mobile Network

Quality of Service (QoS) of video streaming service over wireless and mobile network is determined by many intermingled factors. Some of the factors can be adjusted. Video resolution, audio rate, and bandwidth are among of them. Other factors are not fully controllable such as network throughput, delay, and packet lost probability. In order to increase user satisfaction, efforts to make better quality of video services should consider these factors. However, user-perceived quality of the service is not only determined by QoS factors. User experience, user expectation and user interest to specific content are among factors that influence level of user satisfaction. In this context, customer satisfaction is known as Quality of user Experience (QoE). Moreover, there is a nonlinearity issue regarding improvement of QoS and QoE. This paper will discuss a holistic view of video service quality in order to elaborate the nonlinearity of QoS and QoE factors and their contribution to enhance user satisfaction.
Accounting for Individual Effort in Cooperative Learning Teams

An “autorating” (peer rating) system designed to account for individual performance in team projects was used in two sophomore‐level chemical engineering courses in which the students did their homework in cooperative learning teams. Team members confidentially rated how well they and each of their teammates fulfilled their responsibilities, the ratings were converted to individual weighting factors, and individual project grades were computed as the product of the team project grade and the weighting factor. Correlations were computed between ratings and grades, self‐ratings and ratings from teammates, and ratings received and given by men and women and by ethnic minorities and non‐minorities. Incidences of “hitchhikers” (students whose performance was considered less than satisfactory by their teammates), “tutors” (students who received top ratings from all of their teammates), dysfunctional teams, and teams agreeing on a common rating were also determined. The results suggest that the autorating system works exceptionally well as a rule, and the benefits it provides more than compensate for the relatively infrequent problems that may occur in its use.