Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Climate Policy and the Recovery

Negotiations toward a successor to the Kyoto Protocol on climate change have come to a critical point, and domestic climate policies are being developed, as the world seeks to recover from the deepest economic crisis for decades and looks for new sources of sustainable growth. This position paper considers the challenge posed by these two policy imperatives: how to exit from the crisis while developing an effective response to climate change. Blending the objectives of a sustained recovery and effective climate policies presents both challenges and opportunities. Although there are potential “win-win” spending measures conducive to both, the more fundamental linkages and synergies lie in the broader strategies adopted toward each other. Greater climate resilience can promote macroeconomic stability and alleviate poverty; and carbon pricing, essential for mitigation, can contribute to the strengthening of fiscal positions that is expected to be needed in many countries. There are, nevertheless, also difficult trade-offs to face, notably in the somewhat greater caution now warranted in moving to more aggressive emissions pricing. However, the simple policy guidelines for addressing climate issues remain fundamentally unchanged; the need to deploy a range of regulatory, spending, and emissions pricing measures.
Female Leadership of Democratic Transitions in Asia

t is striking how often, over the last decade-and-a-half, women have led successful popular uprisings against dictatorships in Asia. Corazon C. Aquino in the Philippines (1986), Benazir Bhutto in Pakistan (1988), Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina Wajed in Bangladesh (1990) and Megawati Sukarnoputri in Indonesia (1998) inspired and organized mass protests against non-democratic regimes. They then guided precarious transitions to democracy. Aquino was the Philippines' first president after the Marcos dictatorship. Bhutto served twice as prime minister in the post-Zia era in Pakistan. Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina have alternated as prime minister since the end of military rule in Bangladesh. Megawati, who was initially elected vice president, succeeded to the Indonesian presidency after accusations of corruption and mismanagement led the upper house to dismiss Abdurrahman Wahid from office in July 2001. Moreover, women currently lead two democratic movements involved in ongoing struggles against authoritarianism. In Burma (which the military dictatorship has renamed Myanmar), Aung San Suu Kyi remains the country's most important oppositionist despite the 1998 massacre of protesters, the junta's refusal to recognize her party's overwhelming victory in the May 1990 elections, and her long house arrest. In Malaysia, Wan Azizah Wan Ismail leads a new opposition party and was a major figure in the opposition 199899 reformasi movement that attempted to unseat the long-reigning prime minister Mahathir Mohamad.
Predictive policing: not yet, but soon preemptive?

ABSTRACT For several years now, crime prediction software operating on the basis of data analysis and algorithmic pattern detection has been employed by police departments throughout the world. As these technologies aim at forestalling criminal events, they may aptly be understood as elements of preventive strategies. Do they also initiate a logic of preemptive policing, as several authors have suggested? Using the example of crime prediction software that is used in German-speaking countries, the article shows how current forms of predictive policing echo classical modes of risk calculation: usually employed in connection with domestic burglary, they help police to identify potential high-risk areas by extrapolating past crime patterns into the future. However, preemptive elements also emerge, to the extent that the software fosters ‘possibilistic’ thinking in police operations. Moreover, current advances in crime prediction technologies give us a quite different picture of a probable future of preemptive policing. Following a general trend of data-driven government that draws on self-learning algorithms and heterogeneous data sources, crime prediction software will likely be integrated into assemblages of predictive technologies where criminal events are indeed foreclosed before they can unfold and emerge, implying preemptive police action.
Delayed-onset of procoagulant signalling revealed by kinetic analysis of COAT platelet formation

Summary The combined action of collagen and thrombin induces the formation of COAT platelets, which are characterised by a coat of procoagulant and adhesive molecules on their surface. Although recent work has started to highlight their clinical relevance, the exact mechanisms regulating the formation of procoagulant COAT platelets remain unclear. Therefore, we employed flow cytometry in order to visualise in real time surface and intracellular events following simultaneous platelet activation with convulxin and thrombin. After a rapid initial response pattern characterised by the homogenous activation of the fibrinogen receptor glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in all platelets, starting with a delay of about 2 minutes an increasing fraction transforms to procoagulant COAT platelets. Their surface is characterised by progressive loss of PAC-1 binding, expression of negative phospholipids and retention of α-granule von Willebrand factor. Intracellular events in procoagulant COAT platelets are a marked increase of free calcium into the low micromolar range, concomitantly with early depolarisation of the mitochondrial membrane and activation of caspase-3, while non-COAT platelets keep the intracellular free calcium in the nanomolar range and maintain an intact mitochondrial membrane. We show for the first time that the flow-cytometrically distinct fractions of COAT and non-COAT platelets differentially phosphorylate two signalling proteins, PKCα and p38MAPK, which may be involved in the regulation of the different calcium fluxes observed in COAT versus non-COAT platelets. This study demonstrates the utility of concomitant cellular and signalling evaluation using flow cytometry in order to further dissect the mechanisms underlying the dichotomous platelet response observed after collagen/thrombin stimulation. Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Cribado de toxoplasmosis en mujeres embarazadas en el Hospital Básico Provida. Latacunga 2013-2016

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de toxoplasmosis en mujeres gestantes. Evidenciar la frecuencia de resultados positivos y negativos de IgG e IgM. Describir la frecuencia de infeccion aguda, basados en resultados de pruebas de afinidad de IgG. Mostrar la frecuencia de toxoplasmosis y la distribucion segun la edad y los anos de presentacion. Material y metodos: Se realizo un estudio no experimental, observacional – transversal en el Hospital Basico PROVIDA, de la cuidad de Latacunga, Ecuador. Se analizaron 989 resultados de screening de IgG e IgM para toxoplasmosis, de mujeres gestantes en edades entre 14 y 45 anos en el primer trimestre de embarazo, 9 test de avidez de IgG y 4 pruebas de amplificacion de ADN para T. gondii. En el periodo comprendido del 2013 - 2016. El analisis estadistico se realizo con el software SPSS v.23, se aplico estadistica descriptiva, con la edad se obtuvo media, desviacion estandar, minima y maxima. Se calculo la frecuencia de los resultados positivos y negativos de IgG e IgM, su distribucion segun la edad y comportamiento en los anos de estudio. Frecuencia de infeccion aguda por test de avidez de IgG y amplificacion de T. gondii por PCR. Resultados: La media de edad es 29,36 anos, desviacion estandar de ± 5,67. En 989 pruebas de IgG, fueron positivas 340. Del total 40.34% se encontraban en edades de 27 a 32 anos. De los positivos para IgM 0,3% (IC 95%: 0,1-0,89) estaban en edades 22 a 26 anos. La frecuencia de los resultados positivos y negativos de IgG e IgM no muestra una variacion significativa a lo largo de los 4 anos. 0,3% pruebas de avidez para IgG, tienen avidez baja. Ninguna prueba de amplificacion de ADN para Toxoplasma gondii amplifico. Conclusiones: En este estudio se reporto una frecuencia de IgM positiva de 0,3% (IC 95%: 0,1-0,89) en edades entre 22 a 32 anos, la frecuencia de infeccion aguda por Toxoplasma gondii determinada segun test de avidez de IgG del 0,3%. Los resultados no variaron de forma significativa en los anos de estudio. La seronegatividad de IgG para T. gondii fue del 65,6%. Hay que resaltar que los resultados analizados fueron de pacientes que pueden acceder a un servicio de salud privado.
An overview of monitoring tools for real-time cyber-attacks

Network security refers to precautions and activities designed to protect the availability and integrity of data exchanged between the network and the digital world. Information security protects digital data from unauthorized access, disclosure, manipulation, alteration or destruction using both hardware and software technologies. According to an analysis by experts working in the field of information security, more than twenty thousand cyber-attacks per month are being made to a medium-sized company. As a result of the analyzes carried out, it has been determined that although the level of risk is not high in most of the attacks, it is an intense danger for important data and the severity of these attacks is increased. Systems that provide real-time analysis have been created to raise awareness of these increasing threats and cyber-attacks and to detect new attacks. In this study, we introduce an overview of software systems for real-time visibility into global cyber-attacks threat systems, which provide animations in real-time mappings based on information about cyber-attacks on the world, according to the destination/source country of the attack and species/detail information. Real-time monitoring tools are designed to monitor for specific traffic patterns that are indicative of malicious activity.
Toward Time-Quantized Pseudorandom Sampling for Green Communication

In this brief, the authors propose time-quantized pseudorandom sampling (TQ-PRS) as a power-saving solution compared with conventional uniform sampling. Due to its ability to reduce replicas' power levels, TQ-PRS reduces the design constraints on receiver components. Applied on the baseband stage of a multistandard radio receiver, TQ-PRS allows decreasing the antialiasing filter order, as well as reducing the sampling frequency. This feature leads to saving up to 30% of baseband power consumption.
CONVEX OPTIMAL CONTROL DESIGN VIA PIECEWISE LINEAR APPROXIMATION

Abstract In convex optimization techniques for optimal control design, the main challenge is to manage an infinite dimensional Youla parameter. To make the problem tractable, a finite basis has to be defined. While delay basis has been shown efficient for discrete LTI plants, common bases for continuous applications are generally inefficient and numerically bad conditioned. This paper presents a straightforward functional basis derived from piecewise linear approximation theory. Several associated results on LTI systems, related with convolution product and Laplace transformation, are developed.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF LOGIC GATES USING FINFET TECHNOLOGY

Scaling as one of the most important challenges from the technology viewpoint. The channel length of Field Effect Transistors (FETs) has passed from micrometers to tens of nano meters. However, drawbacks of scaling have the increase of short channel, parasitic, reliability and variability effects. To overcome the problems related to scaling, new transistor architectures have to be investigated. FinFET is the most promising double-gate transistor architecture to extend scaling over planar device. Multiple gates have better control over the SCEs. Particularly the FinFET technology provides superior scalability of the DG-MOSFETs compared to the planar MOSFET. Fin-FETs are predicted as one of the best possible candidates to replace the bulk MOSFETs. The FinFET technology power consumption compare with the CMOS technology. The two gates of a FinFET can either be shorted for higher performance or independently controlled for lower leakage or reduced transistor count. Analyzed different type of operation mode like Shorted Gate, Independent gate, and Low power mode.
Multidimensional residues and ideal membership

Let $I(f)$ be a zero-dimensional ideal in $\bold C[z_1,\ldots,z_n]$ defined by a mapping $f$. We compute the logarithmic residue of a polynomial $g$ with respect to $f$. We adapt an idea introduced by Aizenberg to reduce the computation to a special case by means of a limiting process. We then consider the total sum of local residues of $g$ w.r. t. $f$. If the zeroes of $f$ are simple, this sum can be computed from a finite number of logarithmic residues. In the general case, you have to perturb the mapping $f$. Some applications are given. In particular, the global residue gives, for any polynomial, a canonical representative in the quotient space $\bold C[z]/I(f)$.
Effect of Yoga Based Lifestyle Intervention on Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To investigate the effect of integrated approach of yoga therapy (IAYT) intervention in individual with knee Osteoarthritis. Design: Randomized controlled clincial trail. Participants: Sixty-six individual prediagnosed with knee osteoarthritis aged between 30 and 75 years were randomized into two groups, i.e., Yoga (n = 31) and Control (n = 35). Yoga group received IAYT intervention for 1 week at yoga center of S-VYASA whereas Control group maintained their normal lifestyle. Outcome measures: The Falls Efficacy Scale (FES), Handgrip Strength test (left hand LHGS and right hand RHGS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Sit-to-Stand (STS), and right & left extension and flexion were measured on day 1 and day 7. Results: There were a significant reduction in TUG (p < 0.001), Right (p < 0.001), and Left Flexion (p < 0.001) whereas significant improvements in LHGS (p < 0.01), and right extension (p < 0.05) & left extension (p < 0.001) from baseline in Yoga group. Conclusion: IAYT practice showed an improvement in TUG, STS, HGS, and Goniometer test, which suggest improved muscular strength, flexibility, and functional mobility. CTRI Registration Number: http://ctri.nic. in/Clinicaltrials, identifier CTRI/2017/10/010141.
Origin of clock-frequency components in NRZ-formatted optical signals

We show that a conventional optical nonreturn-to-zero modulator based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer always produces optical amplitude modulation at the clock frequency of the modulating signal, which in turn can generate a large clock-frequency component (CFC) in the received electrical signal when the optical signal has experienced excessive group velocity dispersion (GVD). We calculate the amplitude of these CFCs as a function of GVD for various optical bit sequences and pulse shapes.
Proteomic analysis of acetylation in thermophilic Geobacillus kaustophilus

Recent analysis of prokaryotic Nε‐lysine‐acetylated proteins highlights the posttranslational regulation of a broad spectrum of cellular proteins. However, the exact role of acetylation remains unclear due to a lack of acetylated proteome data in prokaryotes. Here, we present the Nε‐lysine‐acetylated proteome of gram‐positive thermophilic Geobacillus kaustophilus. Affinity enrichment using acetyl‐lysine‐specific antibodies followed by LC‐MS/MS analysis revealed 253 acetylated peptides representing 114 proteins. These acetylated proteins include not only common orthologs from mesophilic Bacillus counterparts, but also unique G. kaustophilus proteins, indicating that lysine acetylation is pronounced in thermophilic bacteria. These data complement current knowledge of the bacterial acetylproteome and provide an expanded platform for better understanding of the function of acetylation in cellular metabolism.
Extracting clinical information from free-text of pathology and operation notes via Chinese natural language processing

Many of surgical records containing the clinical information are in electronic forms, but a lot of them are still in free-text format in China. In this paper, we have an attempt to extract information with the Nature Language Processing (NLP) approach. The procedure of NLP is made up of three steps. First, given 36 free-text of operation notes, a physician manually annotates the information which he is interested in. Second, we extract the features of the annotated information. Third, several logistic regression models are built. Totally, 14 clinical data are extracted. The NLP tool was tested 364 operation notes. The accuracy of extraction is between 67.3%–96.7%. Our results indicate that the performance of the features we used to build the machine learning is good in extracting useful information from free-text Chinese operation notes for liver cancer. In the future, these features would explored on more broader clinical settings.
Measuring the Public Agenda using Search Engine Queries

The research note we present here explores the idea of measuring the public agenda without employing classical survey techniques. Drawing on data from the web service Google Insights for Search (GIFS), we evaluate the use of online observation to measure information seeking. Hereby, we follow the ideas of McLeod, Becker, and Byrnes (1974) that classical Erst-level agenda setting has to be both theoretically and empirically enriched by considering subsequent behavioral audience responses stemming from prior saliences. Using the terminology proposed by Becker, McCombs, and McLeod (1975, p. 39), we distinguish between ‘‘Erst-level’’ and ‘‘subsequent’’ audience responses. While the former refers to cognitive concepts such as awareness or salience, the latter typically refers to behavioral concepts such as candidate choice or turnout at the polls. In what follows, we focus on what we call immediate subsequent audience responses. For example, people may want to know more about an issue (salience-driven media use) or even want to talk about it (salience-driven conversation). We subsume both salience-driven behaviors under the more general concept of information seeking. We assume that immediate audience responses as such only emerge when a certain degree of issue salience has been reached. In addition, other recipient characteristics like being politically interested or having need for orientation (Huck, Quiring, & Brosius, 2009) may also foster immediate audience responses. The theoretical distinction between Erst-level and subsequent audience responses made by Becker et al. (1975) has a major methodological implication. First-level audience responses are cognitive, and thus unobservable in nature. In contrast, immediate audience responses manifest in everyday life and can be directly observed by any researcher.
Neuropsychological outcomes from a randomized trial of triple intrathecal chemotherapy compared with 18 Gy cranial radiation as CNS treatment in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: findings from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute ALL Consortium Protocol 95-01.

PURPOSE We evaluated late neuropsychological toxicity in children treated for standard-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who were randomly assigned to receive either cranial radiation therapy (CRT) with double intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy or intensive triple IT chemotherapy (no CRT) as CNS-directed therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 1996 and 2000, 164 children with standard-risk ALL treated on Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Consortium Protocol 95-01 were randomly assigned to receive either 18 Gy CRT delivered in twice daily fractions (0.9 [DOSAGE ERROR CORRECTED] Gy) with double IT therapy (methotrexate and cytarabine) or intensive triple IT drug (methotrexate, cytarabine and hydrocortisone) without CRT. Neuropsychological testing was completed at a median 6 years postdiagnosis for 79 children (CRT, n = 39; triple IT, n = 40), all of whom were in continuous complete remission. RESULTS Cognitive function for both groups was solidly in the average range, with no consistent group differences in basic cognitive skills. Children treated on the CRT plus double IT arm did, however, exhibit less fluent output and were less effective at modulating their behavior by parent report. CONCLUSION This randomized trial revealed only subtle differences 6 years after diagnosis between children who received CNS therapy as CRT plus double IT drug or as intensive triple IT drug. In most situations where comparable therapeutic efficacy can be achieved without CRT, it is preferable to do so. Where therapeutically necessary, however, CRT at lower doses may not add risk for significant neurotoxicity.
Relation between pH, structure, and absorption spectrum of Cerulean: A study by molecular dynamics and TD DFT calculations

Molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanical calculations of the Cerulean green fluorescent protein (a variant of enhanced cyan fluorescent protein ECFP) at pH 5.0 and 8.0 are presented, addressing two questions arising from experimental results (Malo et al., Biochemistry 2007;46:9865–9873): the origin of the blue shift of absorption spectrum when the pH is decreased from 8.0 to 5.0, and the lateral chain orientation of the key residue Asp148. We demonstrate that the blue shift is reproduced assuming that a rotation around the single bond of the exocyclic ring of the chromophore takes place when the pH changes from 5.0 to 8.0. We find that Asp148 is protonated and inside the barrel at pH 5.0 in agreement with crystallographic data. However, the hydrogen bond pattern of Asp148 is different in simulations of the solvated protein and in the crystal structure. This difference is explained by a partial closing of the cleft between strands 6 and 7 in MD simulations. This study provides also a structure at pH 8.0: the Asp148 carboxylate group is exposed to the solvent and the chromophore is stabilized in the trans conformation by a tighter hydrogen bond network. This work gives some insight into the relationship between the pH and the chromophore conformation and suggests an interpretation of the very similar fluorescent properties of ECFP and ECFP/H148D. Proteins 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.