Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impulsivity, suicidal thoughts, psychological distress, and religiosity in adolescents and young adults

Background Impulsivity is associated with suicidal acts and ideation, whereas higher religious commitment has been identified as a potential protective factor linked to lower suicidal ideation. Objectives We examined the extent to which higher religious commitment is associated with lower suicidal ideation and whether religious commitment modifies the relationship between impulsivity and suicidal ideation. Methods Adolescent and young adult males, with a prior history of suicidal act and ideations, completed standardized questionnaires [i.e., Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS), Barratt Impulsivity Scale-II (BIS-II), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), and Religious Commitment Inventory-10 (RCI-10)], to assess impulsivity, suicidal ideation, distress, and religious commitment. Regression and mediation analyses were performed to investigate the relationships among impulsivity, religious commitment, and suicidal ideation. Results Of the 747 study participants (mean age 18.8 years, SD = 4.1), 151 (20.2%) had a history of suicidal acts and 177 (23.7%) had a history of suicidal ideation. Non-planning impulsivity (predictor) was inversely associated with religious commitment (r = −0.33, p < 0.01), and religious commitment (mediator) was inversely related to suicidal ideation (outcome) (r = −0.32, p < 0.01). These findings remained statistically significant when controlling for either religious commitment or non-planning impulsivity, as appropriate. Higher religious commitment reduced the association between non-planning impulsivity and suicidal ideation (p < 0.01). Conclusion The findings highlight the potential for cultivating spirituality to buffer against higher suicidal ideation, and thus could be considered as an additional therapeutic strategy for individuals with higher levels of impulsivity and co-morbid suicidal ideation.
Highly improved pH-Responsive anticancer drug delivery and T2-Weighted MRI imaging by magnetic MOF CuBTC-based nano/microcomposite

Cu-BTC framework has received a considerable attention in recent years as a drug carrier candidate for cancer treatment due to its unique structural properties and promising biocompatibility. However, its intrinsic deficiency for medical imaging potentially limits its bioapplications; To address this subject, a magnetic nano/microscale MOF has been successfully fabricated by introducing Fe3O4 nanoparticles as an imaging agent into the porous isoreticular MOF [Cu3(BTC)2] as a drug carrier. The synthesized magnetic MOFs exhibits a high loading capacity (40.5%) toward the model anticancer DOX with an excellent pH-responsive drug release. The proposed nanocomposite not only possesses large surface area, high magnetic response, large mesopore volume, high transverse relaxivity (r 2) and good stability but also exhibits superior biocompatibility, specific tumor cellular uptake, and significant cancer cell viability inhibitory effect without any targeting agent. It is expected that the synthesized magnetic nano/microcomposite may be used for clinical purposes and can also serve as a platform for photoactive antibacterial therapy ae well as pH/GSH/photo-triple-responsive nanocarrier.
The novel two-component system AmsSR governs alternative metabolic pathway usage in Acinetobacter baumannii

In this study, we identify a novel two-component system in Acinetobacter baumannii (herein named AmsSR for regulator of alternative metabolic systems) only present in select gammaproteobacterial and betaproteobacterial species. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the histidine kinase, AmsS, contains 14 predicted N-terminal transmembrane domains and harbors a hybrid histidine kinase arrangement in its C-terminus. Transcriptional analysis revealed the proton ionophore CCCP selectively induces P amsSR expression. Disruption of amsSR resulted in decreased intracellular pH and increased depolarization of cytoplasmic membranes. Transcriptome profiling revealed a major reordering of metabolic circuits upon amsR disruption, with energy generation pathways typically used by bacteria growing in limited oxygen being favored. Interestingly, we observed enhanced growth rates for mutant strains in the presence of glucose, which led to overproduction of pyruvate. To mitigate the toxic effects of carbon overflow, we noted acetate overproduction in amsSR-null strains, resulting from a hyperactive Pta-AckA pathway. Additionally, due to altered expression of key metabolic genes, amsSR mutants favor an incomplete TCA cycle, relying heavily on an overactive glyoxylate shunt. This metabolic reordering overproduces NADH, which is not oxidized by the ETC; components of which were significantly downregulated upon amsSR disruption. As a result, the mutants almost exclusively rely on substrate phosphorylation for ATP production, and consequently display reduced oxygen consumption in the presence of glucose. Collectively, our data suggests that disruption of amsSR affects the function of the aerobic respiratory chain, impacting the energy status of the cell, which in turn upregulates alternative metabolic and energy generation pathways.
Genome-wide characterization and functional identification of MYB genes in Malus sieversii infected by Valsa mali

Among the most important transcription factors in plants, the v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB) regulates the expression network of response genes under stresses such as fungal infection. In China, the canker disease Valsa mali threatens the survival of Malus sieversii, an ancestor of cultivated apples. Using the M. sieversii genome, we identified 457 MsMYB and 128 R2R3-MsMYB genes that were randomly distributed across 17 chromosomes. Based on protein sequence and structure, the R2R3-MsMYB genes were phylogenetically divided into 29 categories, and 26 conserved motifs were identified. We further predicted cis-elements in the 2000-kb promoter region of R2R3-MsMYBs based on the genome. Transcriptome analysis of M. sieversii under V. mali infection showed that 27 R2R3-MsMYBs were significantly differentially expressed, indicating their key role in the response to V. mali infection. Using transient transformation, MsMYB14, MsMYB24, MsMYB39, MsMYB78, and MsMYB108, which were strongly induced by V. mali infection, were functionally identified. Among the five MsMYBs, MsMYB14 and MsMYB78 were both important in enhancing resistance to diseases, whereas MsMYB24 inhibited resistance. Based on the results of this study, we gained a better understanding of the MsMYB transcription factor family and laid the foundation for a future research program on disease prevention strategies in M. sieversii.
Elevated red blood cell distribution width levels predict depression after intracerebral hemorrhage: A 3-month follow-up study

Objectives Inflammation vitally impacts the progression of depression resulting from intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), while red blood cell distribution width (RDW) marks inflammatory-related diseases. The present study aimed at evaluating how RDW affects depression after ICH. Methods From prospective analyses of patients admitted to our department between January 2017 and September 2022, ICH patients with complete medical records were evaluated. The 17-item Hamilton Depression (HAMD-17) scale was used for measuring the depressive symptoms at 3 months after ICH. Diagnosis of post-ICH depression was conducted for patients based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) criteria. Results A total of 438 patients were enrolled in the study, out of which 93 (21.23%) patients had PSD at the 3-month follow-up. Accordingly, patients with depression had higher RDW levels (13.70 [IQR: 13.56–13.89] vs.13.45 [IQR: 12.64–13.75], p < 0.001) at admission compared with those without depression. In multivariate analyses, RDW was used for independently predicting the depression after ICH at 3 months (OR: 2.832 [95% CI: 1.748–4.587], p < 0.001). After adjusting the underlying confounding factors, the odds ratio (OR) of depression after ICH was 4.225 (95% CI: 1.686–10.586, p = 0.002) for the highest tertile of RDW relative to the lowest tertile. With an AUC of 0.703 (95% CI: 0.649–0.757), RDW demonstrated a significantly better discriminatory ability relative to CRP and WBC. RDW as an indicator for predicting depression after ICH had an optimal cutoff value of 13.68, and the sensitivity and specificity were 63.4% and 64.6%, respectively. Conclusions Elevated RDW level predicted post-ICH depression at 3 months, confirming RDW as an effective inflammatory marker for predicting depression after ICH.
Performance of very thin Gd2SiO5 scintillator bars for the LHCf experiment

To increase the radiation resistivity of the calorimeter, the LHCf group plans to replace its plastic scintillator with Gd2SiO5 (GSO) scintillator. In this report, we present the basic performance of very thin GSO scintillator bars that will replace the scintillating fibers employed as the position sensitive part of the current LHCf detector. The size of a bar is 1 mm × 1 mm × 40 mm. White acrylic paint was painted on one group of GSO bars and a second group was unpainted. After observing a clear peak of cosmic ray muons corresponding to 3 to 4 photoelectrons, a quantitative test was performed by using a 290 MeV/n carbon beam at HIMAC in Japan. The non-painted bars have less position dependence of light collection efficiency (effective attenuation length is about 140 mm) and less piece-to-piece variation. The unpainted bars show about 8% cross talk between adjacent bars which is larger than the painted ones. However, for estimating the center of a cascade shower inside the calorimeter, uniformity of light collection is more important than cross talk, so we have decided to use non-painted bars in the LHCf detector. A simulation of a 100 GeV electron injected in the center of the detector shows that position dependence and cross talk cause only a 0.04 mm shift of the shower centroid without any correction applied. This shows that these effects are relatively small compared to the uncertainty of the beam center position which was 1 mm for the LHCf experiments already performed at √s =7 TeV.
ON THE INDEX CODING FOR IMAGE DATA VECTOR QUANTIZATION

In this paper, an efficient index coding method for vector quantized image data is proposed. The method explores the correlation between indexes around the current index. It chooses the highest correlated one for performing a context-based adaptive differential encoding. A run length coding scheme are also used to further reduce the bit-rate. Experimental result shows that the proposed method outperforms other famous index coding method like DTCS and SOC.
High-speed railway transport technology

中国高速铁路历经十多年的发展,已经形成了世界上体量最大、水平最高、体系最完备的高速铁路科学研究体系和产业链。 高速铁路是人工智能、电气工程和材料工程等相关领域先进技术的综合,如何把各个领域的最新进展融入高速铁路发展意义重大。 通过高铁专刊聚焦高铁领域近年来最新的研究成果,为未来高铁技术的发展提供参考和推动。
Effect of low operating temperature on the aerodynamic characteristics of a high-speed train

目的 受空气物理参数变化影响,低温下列车周围的流场特性与常温时存在差异。 本文旨在对高速列车在低运行温度下的空气动力学性能及流场特性变化研究予以补充,探究低温对列车周围流场、列车风及列车尾流等方面的影响,以提高高速列车的抗高寒性能。 创新点 1. 将气体参数设置为低温环境,探究列车相比常温下的气动性能及周围流场的变化。 2. 对比不同低温环境,探究不同程度低温对列车气动特性的影响。 方法 1. 通过基于SST k-ω湍流模型的IDDES数值计算方法对高速列车在雷诺数约为1.85×106的条件下低温运行的流动特性进行仿真。 2. 依托后处理软件对不同温度下列车气动阻力、表面压力分布、车身周围流动及尾流等进行分析。 3. 将结果进行比对,得出不同程度低温对列车气动特性的影响。 结论 1. 低温显著增加列车气动阻力;相比常温环境,0 °C、−15 °C及∑30 °C时的气动阻力分别增加了5.3%、11.0%和17.4%。 2. 低温会增强车体周围的正负压力场,进而提高冲击流及流速快速变化区域的正负压力峰值。 3. 低温时,列车风的作用范围缩小,涡量分布区域后移,而转向架舱内的气流流速增加。 4. 低温时,列车的尾流速度降低。 In this study, an improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) method based on the shear-stress transport (SST) k-ω turbulence model has been used to investigate the underbody flow characteristics of a high-speed train operating at lower temperatures with Reynolds number Re =1.85×10^6. The accuracy of the numerical method has been validated by wind tunnel tests. The aerodynamic drag of the train, pressure distribution on the surface of the train, the flow around the vehicle, and the wake flow are compared for four temperature values: +15 °C, 0 °C, −15 °C, and −30 °C. It was found that lower operating temperatures significantly increased the aerodynamic drag force of the train. The drag overall at low temperatures increased by 5.3% (0 °C), 11.0% (−15 °C), and 17.4% (−30 °C), respectively, relative to the drag at +15 −C. In addition, the low temperature enhances the positive and negative pressures around and on the surface of the car body, raising the peak positive and negative pressure values in areas susceptible to impingement flow and to rapid changes in flow velocity. The range of train-induced winds around the car body is significantly reduced, the distribution area of vorticity moves backwards, and the airflow velocity in the bogie cavity is significantly increased. At the same time, the temperature causes a significant velocity reduction in the wake flow. It can be seen that the temperature reduction can seriously disturb the normal operation of the train while increasing the aerodynamic drag and energy consumption, and significantly interfering with the airflow characteristics around the car body.
Design of a rate 6/7 maximum transition run code

Maximum transition run (MTR) codes provide significant minimum distance gains when used with sequence detectors operating at high linear densities. A method for reducing the RLL k constraint associated with MTR block codes is presented. A block decodable, rate 4/5 MTR code with k=4 illustrates the technique. This reduction of k is combined with sliding-block decoding to develop a 97.8% efficient rate 6/7 MTR code with k=8.
A model relating Eulerian spatial and temporal velocity correlations

In this paper we propose a model to relate Eulerian spatial and temporal velocity autocorrelations in homogeneous, isotropic and stationary turbulence. We model the decorrelation as the eddies of various scales becoming decorrelated. This enables us to connect the spatial and temporal separations required for a certain decorrelation through the ‘eddy scale’. Given either the spatial or the temporal velocity correlation, we obtain the ‘eddy scale’ and the rate at which the decorrelation proceeds. This leads to a spatial separation from the temporal correlation and a temporal separation from the spatial correlation, at any given value of the correlation relating the two correlations. We test the model using experimental data from a stationary axisymmetric turbulent flow with homogeneity along the axis.
Dominance relation similarity measure based on fuzzy hypergraph dominance matrix

Similarity measures play an important role in ambiguous environments. Fuzzy hypergraph theory can carry out relatively rich information description and operation in the process of dealing with uncertain problems. The dominance matrix of the fuzzy hypergraph describes the dominance relationship of the attributes of different objects in the information system composed of the fuzzy hypergraph. In this paper, by constructing the dominance matrix of fuzzy hypergraphs, the Euclidean distance is used to solve the similarity of the dominance relationship between the information systems constructed by different fuzzy hypergraphs. By discussing the relationship between fuzzy sets and fuzzy hypergraphs, an algorithm for solving the similarity of dominant relations between fuzzy hypergraphs is proposed. In order to test the efficiency and reliability of the method, this paper uses multiple examples and solves it with the proposed method, which proves the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Cretaceous tectonostratigraphy of ‘the Great Coverham section’ and adjacent areas, northeastern Waiau Toa/Clarence valley, New Zealand

ABSTRACT Late Early–Late Cretaceous strata preserved at the northeastern end of the Waiau Toa/Clarence valley, northeastern South Island, New Zealand, have been central to ongoing debates concerning the end of Mesozoic subduction on the Zealandian margin of Gondwana and the initiation of extension. New geological mapping within this area at Coverham, Kekerengu and Wharekiri, has resolved complex relationships between Cretaceous stratigraphic units and faults. Results indicate that, within the interval 110–100 Ma, Champagne and lower Split Rock formations record syn-tectonic deposition by marine mass-transport processes within confined sub-basins with steep seafloor gradients. Upper Split Rock Formation and overlying Nidd Formation record progressive burial of seafloor topography between c. 100–86 Ma. Although uncertainties remain, three or four faults appear to have been low-angle structures with normal displacements that were active within the interval c. 105–89 Ma; one of these faults experienced brief reversal of offset between c. 91 and 87 Ma. The new data are most consistent with a model of subduction shutdown between c. 105–100 Ma, following impact of the Hikurangi Plateau large igneous province at the subduction margin. Widespread uplift along the margin between 97 and 95 Ma may reflect subsequent rebound of the subducted plate.
False-negative diagnosis might occur due to absence of the global radiomic signature of malignancy on screening mammograms

The global radiomic signature extracted from mammograms can indicate that malignancy appearances are present within an image. This study focuses on a set of 129 screen-detected breast malignancies, which were also visible on the prior screening examinations (i.e., missed cancers based on the priors). All cancer signs on the prior examinations were actionable based on the opinion of a panel of three experienced radiologists, who retrospectively interpreted the prior examinations (knowing that a later screening round had revealed a cancer). We investigated if the global radiomic signature could differentiate between screening rounds: when the cancer was detected (“identified cancers”), from the round immediately before (“missed cancers”). Both identified cancers and “missed cancers” were collected using a single vendor technology. A set of “normals”, matched based on mammography units, was also retrieved from a screening archive. We extracted a global radiomic signature, containing first and second-order statistics features. Three classification tasks were considered: (1) “identified cancers” vs “missed cancers”, (2) “identified cancers” vs “normals”, (3) “missed cancers” vs “normal”. To train and validate the models, leave-one-case-out cross-validation was used. The classifier resulted in an AUC of 0.66 (95%CI=0.60-0.73, P<0.05) for “missed cancers” vs “identified cancers” and an AUC of 0.65 (95%CI=0.60-0.69, P<0.05) for “normals” vs “identified cancers”. However, the AUC of the classifier for differentiating “normals” from “missed cancers” was at chance-level (AUC=0.53 (95%CI=0.48-0.58, P=0.23). Therefore, eliminating some of these “missed” cancers in clinical practice would be very challenging as the global signal of the malignancy that help with a diagnosis, are at best weak.
The CI-FLOW Project: A System for Total Water Level Prediction from the Summit to the Sea

The objective of the Coastal and Inland Flooding Observation and Warning (CI-FLOW) project is to prototype new hydrometeorologic techniques to address a critical NOAA service gap: routine total water level predictions for tidally influenced watersheds. Since February 2000, the project has focused on developing a coupled modeling system to accurately account for water at all locations in a coastal watershed by exchanging data between atmospheric, hydrologic, and hydrodynamic models. These simulations account for the quantity of water associated with waves, tides, storm surge, rivers, and rainfall, including interactions at the tidal/surge interface. Within this project, CI-FLOW addresses the following goals: i) apply advanced weather and oceanographic monitoring and prediction techniques to the coastal environment; ii) prototype an automated hydrometeorologic data collection and prediction system; iii) facilitate interdisciplinary and multiorganizational collaborations; and iv) enhance techniques and techn.
Improving radiation-pattern distortion of a patch antenna having a finite ground plane

This paper presents a very useful and yet simple method of improving the radiation-pattern distortion of a patch antenna having a finite ground plane. The improvement can be achieved by cutting out the edges of the finite ground plane. This produces a phase shift between the induced equivalent magnetic currents on the edges, thereby causing cancellation in the diffracted fields. We numerically and experimentally examined the effects for some typical patch antennas and confirmed that the ripples in the copolar E plane pattern could be eliminated by using this approach.
Echocardiographic nomograms and Z-scores for term Indian neonates

Background : The availability of nomograms is crucial for the correct interpretation of pediatric and neonatal echocardiograms. Echocardiographic Z-score applications/websites use Western nomograms as reference, which may not be an appropriate standard for gauging Indian neonates. Currently available Indian pediatric nomograms either have not included neonates or have not been specifically designed for neonates. This gross underrepresentation of neonates renders available nomograms unreliable for use as standards for comparison. Objectives : The objective of this study was to collect normative data for the measurement of various cardiac structures using M-Mode and two-dimensional (2D) echo in healthy Indian neonates and to derive Z-scores for each measured parameter. Methods : Echocardiograms were performed on healthy term neonates (within first 5 days of life). Birth weight and length were recorded, and body surface area was calculated using Haycock's formula. Twenty M-mode and 2D-echo parameters were measured (including left ventricular dimensions, atrioventricular valves, and semilunar valves' annuli sizes, pulmonary artery and branches, aortic root, and arch). Results : We studied 142 neonates (73 males) with a mean age of 1.83 ± 1.12 days and mean birth weight of 2.89 ± 0.39 Kg. Regression equations with linear, logarithmic, exponential and square root models were tested to select the best model of fit for the relationship between birth weight and each echocardiographic parameter. Scatter plots and nomogram charts with Z-scores were prepared for each echocardiographic parameter. Conclusions : Our study provides nomograms with Z-scores for term Indian neonates weighing between 2 kg and 4 kg at birth, within first 5 days of life, for a set of echocardiographic parameters that are frequently used in clinical practice. This nomogram has poor predictability for babies at extremes of birth weight. There is a need for further indigenous studies to include neonates at extremes of weight, both term, and preterm.
Effective teaching strategies for teaching mathematics to young gifted English learners

Project BRIDGE was launched as a response to the underrepresentation of English learners in gifted education. Through Project BRIDGE, high-ability English learners were able to access the same rigorous academic content as their native English-speaking peers. The present study compared intervention and comparison teachers' instructional behaviors in curriculum planning and delivery, accommodation in individual differences, problem solving, critical thinking strategies, creative thinking strategies, language strategies. The data on student-teacher interactions in second-grade math classes were collected through structured observation and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results showed that the intervention teacher was more effective than the comparison teacher in: 1) establishing high expectations for student performance; 2) implementing activities that promote critical and creative thinking; 3) engaging students in active classroom talk; and 4) providing supports for language development.