Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The place of ethnographic methods in information systems research

Abstract The IS research community was formed around the problems and questions raised by organisations’ attempts to exploit the new Information and Communications Technology (ICT). The subject is concerned with both the ‘hard’ characteristics of the ICT application under study and the social context of the organisation within which it is to be or is being deployed. Mixed methods are designed to deal with both these somewhat disparate situations in a single study and are likely to be of particular value for IS research. Ethnography is a research method that can make a powerful contribution in mixed methods studies. However as yet, both mixed methods and ethnography form only a small number of empirical IS paper. Ethnographers seek to immerse themselves in a social situation and become part of the group being investigated in order to understand the meanings that actors put upon phenomena or situations. It is the data collection methods that distinguish this method from other qualitative research methods. The researcher accumulates data from personal observations of events and human action in addition to all the traditional sources of documents interviews, etc. Choosing this research method represents a big investment for the researcher. This paper outlines some of the key issues unique to IS ethnographers and identifies three organisational situations for which ethnographic methods are likely to yield significant value – ICT-enabled major change; ICT supported complex organisational operations that involve many expert participants and ICT supported ill understood management problems. Two cases, illustrating the use made of ethnographic methods in two of these situations, are described and assessed (Miscione, 2007; Mattarelli, Bertolotti, & Macri, 2013). This paper concludes that there is an important place for both Mixed Methods and Ethnographic Research Methods in the IS research Discipline.
Crossed and uncrossed retinal projections to the hamster circadian system

The hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), site of the circadian clock, has been thought to be equally and completely innervated by each retina. This issue was studied in animals that had received an injection of the tracer cholera toxin subunit B (CTb) conjugated to Alexa 488 into the vitreous of one eye, with CTb‐Alexa 594 injected into the other. Retinal projections to the SCN and other nuclei of the circadian system were simultaneously evaluated by using confocal laser microscopy. Each retina provides completely overlapping terminal fields throughout each SCN. Although SCN innervation by the contralateral retina is slightly denser than that from the ipsilateral retina, there are distinct SCN regions where input from one side is predominant, but not exclusive. A dense terminal field from the contralateral retina encompasses, and extends dorsally beyond, the central SCN subnucleus identified by calbindin‐immunoreactive neurons. Surrounding the dense terminal field, innervation is largely derived from the ipsilateral retina. The densest terminal field in the intergeniculate leaflet is from the contralateral retina, which completely overlaps the ipsilateral projection. Most nuclei of the pretectum receive innervation largely, but not solely, from the contralateral retina, although the olivary pretectal nucleus has very dense patches of innervation derived exclusively from one retina or the other. Retina‐dependent variation in terminal field density within the three closely examined nuclei may indicate areas of specialized function not previously appreciated. This issue is discussed in the context of the melanopsin‐containing retinal ganglion cell projections to several nuclei in the circadian visual system. J. Comp. Neurol. 466:513–524, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The empire of political thought: civilization, savagery and perceptions of Indigenous government

This paper examines the relationship between understandings of Indigenous government and the development of early-modern European, and especially British, political thought. It will be argued that a range of British political thinkers represented Indigenous peoples as being in want of effective government and regular conduct due to the absence of sufficiently developed property relations among them. In particular, British political thinkers framed the ‘deficiencies’ of Indigenous people by ideas of civilization in which key assumptions connected ‘property’, ‘government’, and ‘society’ as the attainments of civilized polities and societies. Accordingly, Indigenous peoples in Australia and elsewhere were perceived to live in associations (rather than ‘societies’) bound by custom and tradition (rather than ‘government’). The paper will thus identify conceptual connections made between property, polity, and sovereignty in European and British political thought, and argue that such understandings provide a useful resource for understanding colonial attitudes to Indigenous people in Australia down to the present day.
Prophylaxis with palivizumab against respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants with congenital heart disease—who should receive it?

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the leading cause of infection of the lower respiratory tract in infants, and is also the leading cause of hospitalization during the first year of life. In this issue of Acta Paediatrica, Meberg and Bru report on the incidence and estimated costs of hospitalizations for RSV infections in children with congenital heart disease from a specified region in Norway.
The Extended Transportation-Imagery Model: A Meta-Analysis of the Antecedents and Consequences of Consumers' Narrative Transportation

Stories, and their ability to transport their audience, constitute a central part of human life and consumption experience. Integrating previous literature derived from fields as diverse as anthropology, marketing, psychology, communication, consumer, and literary studies, this article offers a review of two decades worth of research on narrative transportation, the phenomenon in which consumers mentally enter a world that a story evokes. Despite the relevance of narrative transportation for storytelling and narrative persuasion, extant contributions seem to lack systematization. The authors conceive the extended transportation-imagery model, which provides not only a comprehensive model that includes the antecedents and consequences of narrative transportation but also a multidisciplinary framework in which cognitive psychology and consumer culture theory cross-fertilize this field of inquiry. The authors test the model using a quantitative meta-analysis of 132 effect sizes of narrative transportation from 76 published and unpublished articles and identify fruitful directions for further research.
Tensions and Contentions

This article addresses electronic machine gambling in Canada, in particular, how it evolved, the social problems associated with the activity, and why it continues to flourish in spite of evidence-based research showing it to be the most addictively potent gambling format. Also discussed are the corporate principles applied to the promotion of electronic machine gambling and how this distorts regulatory objectives.
Central European Journal of Communication—The Official Journal of the Polish Communication Association

Central European Journal of Communication (ISSN 1899-5101)*the official Journal of the Polish Communication Association*is published twice a year (in the spring and fall) by the University of Wrocław Press. The refereed journal provides an international forum for empirical, critical and interpretative, quantitative and qualitative research examining the role of communication in Central Europe and today’s world. Central European Journal of Communication welcomes high-quality research and analysis from diverse theoretical and methodological approaches, as well as reviews of publications, and publishes notes on a wide range of literature on media and communication studies. Submission of original articles is open to all researchers interested in different fields of media and communication studies. Central European Journal of Communication was created after the General Meeting of Founders of the Polish Communication Association (PCA) in April 2007. Our aim was to create a referred journal to act as an international forum for contributions examining the role of communication from all theoretical, empirical, and critical perspectives and using all forms of inquiry.
DNA-based stable isotope probing coupled with cultivation methods implicates Methylophaga in hydrocarbon degradation

Marine hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria perform a fundamental role in the oxidation and ultimate removal of crude oil and its petrochemical derivatives in coastal and open ocean environments. Those with an almost exclusive ability to utilize hydrocarbons as a sole carbon and energy source have been found confined to just a few genera. Here we used stable isotope probing (SIP), a valuable tool to link the phylogeny and function of targeted microbial groups, to investigate hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in coastal North Carolina sea water (Beaufort Inlet, USA) with uniformly labeled [13C]n-hexadecane. The dominant sequences in clone libraries constructed from 13C-enriched bacterial DNA (from n-hexadecane enrichments) were identified to belong to the genus Alcanivorax, with ≤98% sequence identity to the closest type strain—thus representing a putative novel phylogenetic taxon within this genus. Unexpectedly, we also identified 13C-enriched sequences in heavy DNA fractions that were affiliated to the genus Methylophaga. This is a contentious group since, though some of its members have been proposed to degrade hydrocarbons, substantive evidence has not previously confirmed this. We used quantitative PCR primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene of the SIP-identified Alcanivorax and Methylophaga to determine their abundance in incubations amended with unlabeled n-hexadecane. Both showed substantial increases in gene copy number during the experiments. Subsequently, we isolated a strain representing the SIP-identified Methylophaga sequences (99.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity) and used it to show, for the first time, direct evidence of hydrocarbon degradation by a cultured Methylophaga sp. This study demonstrates the value of coupling SIP with cultivation methods to identify and expand on the known diversity of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the marine environment.
Ressources stratégiques, ressources ordinaires et ressources négatives : pour une reconnaissane de l'ensemble du spectre des ressources

La theorie des ressources est centree sur l'analyse des ressources aux attributs VRIN (de valeur, rares, inimitables, non-substituables), seules supposees mener une entreprise a l'avantage concurrentiel. Dans cet article, les auteurs defendent l'idee que d'autres types de ressources doivent egalement etre etudiees pour apprehender totalement les processus de construction de la performance des organisations. Au-dela des ressources strategiques, ils introduisent et definissent les concepts de ressources ordinaires et de ressources negatives. Ils en deduisent des recommandations pour le management et l'analyse des ressources.
Evolution of the mitochondrial DNA control region in the Anopheles gambiae complex

We have sequenced the AT‐rich control region of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of six species in the Afrotropical Anopheles gambiae complex and the closely related A. christyi. Contrary to expectations, the AT‐rich region in this group is evolving rather slowly, more slowly than the third position of mtDNA proteincoding genes. Despite being relatively conserved between species, we detected intraspecific and intra‐individual (heteroplasmy) variation in this region. Phylogenetically, we found we could place the rare endemic A. bwambae as a sister taxon to A. melas, the same evolutionary position as indicated by chromosomal inversions. The outgroup, A. christyi, gave evidence of the root of the tree. In comparing the molecular trees with that deduced by chromosomal inversions, they are completely congruent with the exception of the placement of A. arabiensis. The anomalous position of this species can be explained by introgression with A. gambiae. From the phylo‐genetic position, we could infer mtDNA gene flow from A. gambiae to A. arabiensis.
Sub-Nyquist Sampling for Power Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radios: A Unified Approach

In light of the ever-increasing demand for new spectral bands and the underutilization of those already allocated, the concept of Cognitive Radio (CR) has emerged. Opportunistic users could exploit temporarily vacant bands after detecting the absence of activity of their owners. One of the crucial tasks in the CR cycle is therefore spectrum sensing and detection which has to be precise and efficient. Yet, CRs typically deal with wideband signals whose Nyquist rates are very high. In this paper, we propose to reconstruct the power spectrum of such signals from sub-Nyquist samples, rather than the signal itself as done in previous work, in order to perform detection. We consider both sparse and non sparse signals as well as blind and non blind detection in the sparse case. For each one of those scenarios, we derive the minimal sampling rate allowing perfect reconstruction of the signal's power spectrum in a noise-free environment and provide power spectrum recovery techniques that achieve those rates. The analysis is performed for two different signal models considered in the literature, which we refer to as the analog and digital models, and shows that both lead to similar results. Simulations demonstrate power spectrum recovery at the minimal rate in noise-free settings and the impact of several parameters on the detector performance, including signal-to-noise ratio, sensing time and sampling rate.
Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass

Biological conversion of cellulosic biomass to fuels and chemicals offers the high yields to products vital to economic success and the potential for very low costs. Enzymatic hydrolysis that converts lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars may be the most complex step in this process due to substrate-related and enzyme-related effects and their interactions. Although enzymatic hydrolysis offers the potential for higher yields, higher selectivity, lower energy costs and milder operating conditions than chemical processes, the mechanism of enzymatic hydrolysis and the relationship between the substrate structure and function of various glycosyl hydrolase components is not well understood. Consequently, limited success has been realized in maximizing sugar yields at very low cost. This review highlights literature on the impact of key substrate and enzyme features that influence performance, to better understand fundamental strategies to advance enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass for biological conversion to fuels and chemicals. Topics are summarized from a practical point of view including characteristics of cellulose (e.g., crystallinity, degree of polymerization and accessible surface area) and soluble and insoluble biomass components (e.g., oligomeric xylan and lignin) released in pretreatment, and their effects on the effectiveness of enzymatic hydrolysis. We further discuss the diversity, stability and activity of individual enzymes and their synergistic effects in deconstructing complex lignocellulosic biomass. Advanced technologies to discover and characterize novel enzymes and to improve enzyme characteristics by mutagenesis, post-translational modification and over-expression of selected enzymes and modifications in lignocellulosic biomass are also discussed.
Optimal Control of Mixed Logical Dynamical Systems with Long-Term Temporal Logic Specifications

We present a mathematical programming-based method for control of large a class of nonlinear systems subject to temporal logic task specifications. We consider Mixed Logical Dynamical (MLD) systems, which include linear hybrid automata, constrained linear systems, and piecewise affine systems. We specify tasks using a fragment of linear temporal logic (LTL) that allows both finite- and infinite-horizon properties to be specified, including tasks such as surveillance, periodic walking, repeated assembly, and environmental monitoring. Our method directly encodes an LTL formula as mixed-integer linear constraints on the MLD system, instead of computing a finite abstraction. This approach is efficient; for common tasks the formulation may use significantly fewer binary variables than related approaches. In simulation, we solve non-trivial temporal logic motion planning tasks for high-dimensional continuous systems using our approach.
Learning Structured Low-Rank Representation via Matrix Factorization

A vast body of recent works in the literature have shown that exploring structures beyond data lowrankness can boost the performance of subspace clustering methods such as Low-Rank Representation (LRR). It has also been well recognized that the matrix factorization framework might offer more flexibility on pursuing underlying structures of the data. In this paper, we propose to learn structured LRR by factorizing the nuclear norm regularized matrix, which leads to our proposed non-convex formulation NLRR. Interestingly, this formulation of NLRR provides a general framework for unifying a variety of popular algorithms including LRR, dictionary learning, robust principal component analysis, sparse subspace clustering, etc. Several variants of NLRR are also proposed, for example, to promote sparsity while preserving low-rankness. We design a practical algorithm for NLRR and its variants, and establish theoretical guarantee for the stability of the solution and the convergence of the algorithm. Perhaps surprisingly, the computational and memory cost of NLRR can be reduced by roughly one order of magnitude compared to the cost of LRR. Experiments on extensive simulations and real datasets confirm the robustness of efficiency of NLRR and the variants.
Inter-signal interaction and uncertain information in anuran multimodal signals

Disentangling the influence of multiple signal components on receivers and elucidating general processes influencing complex signal evolution are difficult tasks. In this study we test mate preferences of female squirrel treefrogs Hyla squirella and female tungara frogs Physalaemus pustulosus for similar combinations of acoustic and visual components of their multimodal courtship signals. In a two-choice playback experiment with squirrel treefrogs, the visual stimulus of a male model significantly increased the attractivness of a relatively unattractive slow call rate. A previous study demonstrated that faster call rates are more attractive to female squirrel treefrogs, and all else being equal, models of male frogs with large body stripes are more attractive. In a similar experiment with female tungara frogs, the visual stimulus of a robotic frog failed to increase the attractiveness of a rela- tively unattractive call. Females also showed no preference for the distinct stripe on the robot that males commonly bear on their throat. Thus, features of conspicuous signal components such as body stripes are not universally important and signal function is likely to differ even among species with similar ecologies and communication systems. Finally, we discuss the putative informa- tion content of anuran signals and suggest that the categorization of redundant versus multiple messages may not be sufficient as a general explanation for the evolution of multimodal signaling. Instead of relying on untested assumptions concerning the infor- mation content of signals, we discuss the value of initially collecting comparative empirical data sets related to receiver responses (Current Zoology 57 (2): 153-161, 2011).
Prevalence and Perspectives of Complementary and Alternative Medicine among University Students in Atlanta, Newcastle upon Tyne, and New Delhi

Objective. A cross-cultural comparative study was developed that surveyed university students in Atlanta (United States), New Delhi (India), and Newcastle upon Tyne (United Kingdom) to understand the prevalence and perspectives of CAM in three urban societies with different healthcare systems. Design. Surveys were sent to students in the three aforementioned cities. Survey distribution occurred over 6 months from May to November 2015. A total of 314 surveys were received. Results. Dietary and vitamin supplements had the highest prevalence collectively (n = 203), followed by meditation, yoga, and massage. Commentary analysis showed the importance of science and evidence in justifying CAM practice. Conclusions. Matching the most prevalent practices with their designated NCCAM categories suggested that the students were attracted to biologically based, body-based, and mind-body practices as the central themes of attraction. Selected and prevalent CAM practices suggested the students' desire to maintain physical and mental fitness. Access to healthcare may have influence on the prevalence of CAM. Indian students were more likely to view CAM as a viable alternative to conventional medicine.
Optimization and design of remote center motion mechanism of Minimally Invasive Surgical robotics

Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) has many advantages and is achieved mainly by Remote Center Motion. In this paper, a new RCM mechanism which is triangle is proposed, this mechanism is simple and high stiffness. Optimization incorporating the requirements for MIS are performed to find the optimal link lengths of the manipulator. The results show that for the serial triangle2-link manipulator used to guide the surgical tool, the optimization link angles are (74°, 51°). Three-dimensional model design is achieved.
Role of p62/SQSTM1 in liver physiology and pathogenesis

p62/sequestosome-1/A170/ZIP (hereafter referred to as p62) is a scaffold protein that has multiple functions, such as signal transduction, cell proliferation, cell survival, cell death, inflammation, tumourigenesis and oxidative stress response. While p62 is an autophagy substrate and is degraded by autophagy, p62 serves as an autophagy receptor for selective autophagic clearance of protein aggregates and organelles. Moreover, p62 functions as a signalling hub for various signalling pathways, including NF-κB, Nrf2 and mTOR. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiological role of p62 in the liver, including formation of hepatic inclusion bodies, cholestasis, obesity, insulin resistance, liver cell death and tumourigenesis.
Ordering Genetic Algorithms and Deception

This paper considers deception in the context of ordering genetic algorithms (GAs). Order-four deceptive ordering problems are designed for absolute and relative ordering decoding. Three different crossover operators are used in both absolute and relative ordering problems, and for each combination of crossover operator and coding, the schema survival probability is calculated. Simulation results show that no single crossover operator is adequate to find the globally optimal solution in both absolute and relative ordering problems. This confirms the fundamental GA theory, that the success of a genetic algorithm depends on how well the crossover operator respects the underlying coding of the
UCS INTENSITY AND PERFORMANCE IN EYELID CONDITIONING.

Abstract : Studies of the effects of UCS intensity on performance in human eyelid conditioning were reviewed, particularly with respect to a recent claim that this variable determines the proportion of Ss who condition and not the performance level of individual Ss. The evidence reviewed clearly indicated that UCS intensity does affect the level of performance in Ss who condition. The function involved appeared to be negatively accelerated and to approach an asymptote within a relatively small range of intensity values. These effects of UCS intensity were interpreted as reflecting both motivational (D) and associative (H) factors. (Author)