Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Misanthropic Person Memory when the Need to Self-Enhance is Absent

This research examined the role that the removal of the need or ability to self-enhance can play in the misanthropic processing of attributed behavioral information (i.e., remembering best negative, internally attributed behaviors and positive externally attributed behaviors). Experiment 1demonstrated that removing a person’s need to self-enhance by increasing his or her self-esteem eliminated misanthropic memory, whereas misanthropy was preserved for control participants and perceivers who had experienced a decrease in self-esteem. Furthermore, controlling for participants’ self-evaluations eliminated the memory pattern differences between the two experimental conditions. Experiment 2 demonstrated that canceling the ability to self-enhance by having perceivers form an impression of themselves eliminated the misanthropy effect. However, the misanthropy effect was replicated when perceivers learned about an unknown other. The results were discussed with regard to the situations and factors that can increase or reduce the need to self-enhance and their implications for social information processing.
Global-Perspective Jitter Improves Vection in Central Vision

Previous vection research has tended to minimise visual – vestibular conflict by using optic-flow patterns which simulate self-motions of constant velocity. Here, experiments are reported on the effect of adding ‘global-perspective jitter’ to these displays—simulating forward motion of the observer on a platform oscillating in horizontal and/or vertical dimensions. Unlike non-jittering displays, jittering displays produced a situation of sustained visual–vestibular conflict. Contrary to the prevailing notion that visual – vestibular conflict impairs vection, jittering optic flow was found to produce shorter vection onsets and longer vection durations than non-jittering optic flow for all of jitter magnitudes and temporal frequencies examined. On the basis of these findings, it would appear that purely radial patterns of optic flow are not the optimal inducing stimuli for vection. Rather, flow patterns which contain both regular and random-oscillating components appear to produce the most compelling subjective experiences of self-motion.
Assessment of damage and long-term strenght of polyethylene

Tensile strength of polyethylene is examined at various crosshead speeds using cylindrical specimens of 20 mm in gauge length. Through monotonic stretch with intermittent halt for load relaxation, the study shows that long-term tensile strength of polyethylene should be around half of the short-term strength determined in the standard test conditions. The study discovers a transition in the localized deformation (commonly known as necking), of which the appearance changes from opaque white to translucent when the crosshead speed is reduced from 0.05 to 0.01 mm/min, possibly due to the suppression of cavitation damage at the low crosshead speed. At a sufficiently high crosshead speed, damage generation can occur at a threshold strain as low as 4% which is way below the yield strain of the material. It is therefore concluded that determining long-term tensile strength of polyethylene needs to consider accumulation of the damage. Since this type of damage is not quantified in any of current standard methods, the study suggests that results from those tests need to be analyzed carefully to ascertain their validity for characterizing long-term performance of polyethylene products.
Enhanced recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the adult mouse retina: a potential model for diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy, one of the most serious complications of long-term diabetes, could clinically be divided into two stages: 1) background retinopathy that does not cause visual impairment and 2) proliferative retinopathy, which is a potentially blinding condition. This study aims to investigate the correlation between enhancement of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and neovascular changes. A binary recombinant adeno-associated virus construct producing green fluorescent protein (GFP) and VEGF under the control of the human cytomegalovirus promoter, recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV). VEGF.GFP, was produced and injected into the subretinal space of C57BL mice. GFP expression was tracked by fluorescence fundus photography, and VEGF expression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunoassay. Neovascular changes were monitored by fluorescein angiography and histology and by quantifying the number of inner retinal vessels. GFP expression was found in 100% of injected eyes, and vascular changes were detected in 9 of 10 rAAV.VEGF.GFP-injected eyes. Of these, four demonstrated microaneurysms and five showed moderate to severe leakage. There was a statistically significant increase in blood vessel number in the inner nuclear layer (P < 0.03) and dilatation of retinal veins (P < or = 0.05). This work has demonstrated that the development of different stages of diabetic retinopathy is closely correlated with an increased VEGF level in the retina.
Patterns of generic extinction in the fossil record

Analysis of the stratigraphic records of 19,897 fossil genera indicates that most classes and orders show largely congruent rises and falls in extinction intensity throughout the Phanerozoic. Even an ecologically homogeneous sample of reef genera shows the same basic extinction profile. The most likely explanation for the congruence is that extinction is physically rather than biologically driven and that it is dominated by the effects of geographically widespread environmental perturbations influencing most habitats. Significant departures from the congruence are uncommon but important because they indicate physiological or habitat selectivity. The similarity of the extinction records of reef organisms and the marine biota as a whole confirms that reefs and other faunas are responding to the same history of environmental stress.
Simulation of Growth Trajectories of Childhood Obesity into Adulthood

BACKGROUND Although the current obesity epidemic has been well documented in children and adults, less is known about long‐term risks of adult obesity for a given child at his or her present age and weight. We developed a simulation model to estimate the risk of adult obesity at the age of 35 years for the current population of children in the United States. METHODS We pooled height and weight data from five nationally representative longitudinal studies totaling 176,720 observations from 41,567 children and adults. We simulated growth trajectories across the life course and adjusted for secular trends. We created 1000 virtual populations of 1 million children through the age of 19 years that were representative of the 2016 population of the United States and projected their trajectories in height and weight up to the age of 35 years. Severe obesity was defined as a body‐mass index (BMI, the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) of 35 or higher in adults and 120% or more of the 95th percentile in children. RESULTS Given the current level of childhood obesity, the models predicted that a majority of today's children (57.3%; 95% uncertainly interval [UI], 55.2 to 60.0) will be obese at the age of 35 years, and roughly half of the projected prevalence will occur during childhood. Our simulations indicated that the relative risk of adult obesity increased with age and BMI, from 1.17 (95% UI, 1.09 to 1.29) for overweight 2‐year‐olds to 3.10 (95% UI, 2.43 to 3.65) for 19‐year‐olds with severe obesity. For children with severe obesity, the chance they will no longer be obese at the age of 35 years fell from 21.0% (95% UI, 7.3 to 47.3) at the age of 2 years to 6.1% (95% UI, 2.1 to 9.9) at the age of 19 years. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of our simulation models, childhood obesity and overweight will continue to be a major health problem in the United States. Early development of obesity predicted obesity in adulthood, especially for children who were severely obese. (Funded by the JPB Foundation and others.)
Gamification as a Methodology: A Multi-Part Development Process

Gamification is often thought of as the end result or outcome of a project. In this paper we explore how it can also be adopted during the conceptual design stage using metaphorical games and as a method of testing concepts within a more advanced simulation environment. We explore this from the perspective of the I-GEAR project where it is used as one of many methods in the design of a commuter mobility game.
Epilepsy: A classification for all seasons?

Epilepsy classification is close to the heart of every clinician because it affects every consultation. Acceptance of change to fundamental concepts is difficult and implementation of new ideas requires considerable effort. It is therefore not surprising that the 2010 Organization of the epilepsies has evoked much passion and its fair share of criticism and controversy. Debate has been positive and has already led to modifications and gradual acceptance of the new framework. Although classification will never be perfect and continues to evolve with increasing knowledge, the time for updating our thinking to reflect current concepts and scientific understanding is well and truly here. Ongoing discussion will help to further mature the new organization.
National and regional asthma programmes in Europe

This review presents seven national asthma programmes to support the European Asthma Research and Innovation Partnership in developing strategies to reduce asthma mortality and morbidity across Europe. From published data it appears that in order to influence asthma care, national/regional asthma programmes are more effective than conventional treatment guidelines. An asthma programme should start with the universal commitments of stakeholders at all levels and the programme has to be endorsed by political and governmental bodies. When the national problems have been identified, the goals of the programme have to be clearly defined with measures to evaluate progress. An action plan has to be developed, including defined re-allocation of patients and existing resources, if necessary, between primary care and specialised healthcare units or hospital centres. Patients should be involved in guided self-management education and structured follow-up in relation to disease severity. The three evaluated programmes show that, thanks to rigorous efforts, it is possible to improve patients' quality of life and reduce hospitalisation, asthma mortality, sick leave and disability pensions. The direct and indirect costs, both for the individual patient and for society, can be significantly reduced. The results can form the basis for development of further programme activities in Europe. Current asthma programmes confirm patients' quality of life can be improved while significantly reducing costs http://ow.ly/Q8dR0
Active Vibration Control of Piezoelectric Sandwich Beams at Large Amplitudes

Mathematical modelling of the active feedback control of piezoelectric sandwich beams at large vibration amplitudes is developed. The proportional and derivative potential feedback controls via piezo-sensor and actuator layers are used. The dynamics of the sandwich beam are modelled by a nonlinear partial differential equation with feedback gain coefficients dependent. Based on Galerking's method, a second order nonlinear differential equation with strong nonlinearities is obtained. The method of multiple scales is used and the amplitude frequency and phase dependent relationships are derived. The feedback parameters' effects on the frequency, phase and time responses of sandwich beams under various types of boundary conditions are investigated. With respect to the system and on the feedback parameters, an instable zone in the upper nonlinear frequency branch can be obtained. Critical amplitude, frequency and phase values of the resulting instable zone are analytically given. The stability of the obtained solution is analyzed using static and dynamic criteria.
To tube or not to tube: indications for myringotomy with tube placement

Purpose of reviewTo examine the current indications for myringotomy with tube placement. Recent findingsIn 2004, revised clinical practice guidelines for otitis media with effusion (OME) and acute otitis media (AOM) were published. Because of the rate of spontaneous resolution of otitis in children, these guidelines suggest more ‘watchful waiting’ in both disease processes. Recent literature has recommended an even longer observation period in children with OME of up to 9–18 months. In adults, indications for myringotomy with tube placement have remained unchanged. We will discuss the changes in indications for myringotomy with tube placement and review the recent literature and trends in this area. SummaryIn children, indicator guideline changes have been shown to not affect speech, language, and cognitive development, but further study is needed to find the right balance of observation, antibiotics, and myringotomy with tube placement for otitis media. Future vaccines may further decrease the number of children requiring myringotomy with tube placement for otitis media.
Study on Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration Models in the Perspectives of Ecological Civilization

As a core of the sustainable development, the ecological civilization construction is importment to realize the harmony on the process of the social and economic development between Human being and nature. By analying the status of the ecological environment destruction caused by coal mining activities in China, this paper summarizes and puts forward five modes for the land reclamation and ecological reconstruction (LRER). Simultaneously, the existing problems of the LRER are analyzed and the related necessary measures are concluded, providing the theoretical reference for future research and practice.
Exercise increases susceptibility of muscle glucose transport to activation by various stimuli.

The insulin sensitivity of glucose transport in skeletal muscle is enhanced after exercise. In this study, stimulation of transport of the nonmetabolizable glucose analogue 3-O-methylglucose by the insulin-mimetic agents vanadate and H2O2 was markedly enhanced in rat epitrochlearis muscles 18 h after a bout of swimming. This increase in susceptibility of the glucose transport process in muscle to stimulation by insulin-mimetic agents that act beyond the insulin-binding step provides evidence that the increased insulin sensitivity results from an effect of exercise on a later step in the activation of glucose transport. Hypoxia and insulin appear to stimulate glucose transport by different pathways in muscle as evidenced by an additivity of their maximal effects. The effect of a submaximal hypoxic stimulus on muscle sugar transport was greatly amplified 3 h after exercise. This increase in susceptibility of glucose transport to stimulation by hypoxia after exercise suggests that the increased sensitivity is not limited to the insulin sensitive pathway. In contrast to exercise (i.e., swimming), in vitro muscle contractions did not result in an increase in sensitivity of muscle glucose transport to insulin, raising the possibility that a humoral factor is necessary for this effect.
Evaluating Evaluation Measure Stability

This paper presents a novel way of examining the accuracy of the evaluation measures commonly used in information retrieval experiments. It validates several of the rules-of-thumb experimenters use, such as the number of queries needed for a good experiment is at least 25 and 50 is better, while challenging other beliefs, such as the common evaluation measures are equally reliable. As an example, we show that Precision at 30 documents has about twice the average error rate as Average Precision has. These results can help information retrieval researchers design experiments that provide a desired level of confidence in their results. In particular, we suggest researchers using Web measures such as Precision at 10 documents will need to use many more than 50 queries or will have to require two methods to have a very large difference in evaluation scores before concluding that the two methods are actually different.
A novel optimal control strategy of turn-on angle and turn-off angle for doubly salient permanent magnet motor

Doubly salient permanent magnet (DSPM) motor suffers severe torque ripples when the motor operating at control strategy of standard angle because three phases are turned on or turned off at the same time. On the base of applying finite element analysis method to DSPM motor, the cause of torque ripple is analyzed in detail. A novel optimal control strategy is proposed in order to reduce commutation torque ripple. And conduction angle of upper power devices of inverter is advanced and conduction angle of lower power devices is delayed. The conduction mode of power devices is subdivided in commutation area. And there is a transition between conduction mode of two phases and three phases. The torque ripple of motor is reduced and the total torque is increased at commutation area. A simulation model of DSPM motor is built according to the value of flux linkages and inductions. The validity of the novel control system is verified by simulation and experiment. The low speed comparison between the law of standard angle control and novel optimal control through experiments indicates that the novel optimal control strategy can reduce torque ripple greatly.
Sterile Debates and Dubious Generalisations: An Empirical Critique of European Integration Theory Based on the Integration Processes in Telecommunications and Electricity

Analyses of European integration processes are still dominated by the dichotomous debate between intergovernmentalism and supranationalism. Sides are often taken in this debate based on very case-specific empirical findings. An analysis of two cases, European telecommunications and electricity policy, illustrates how misleading such generalisations can be. The former case is often used to support supranational claims, while the latter highlights the importance of intergovernmental vetos. However, further analysis reveals the very parallel supranational policy approach of the European Commission to both sectors and the resulting weakness of the dominant interpretation. An analysis using a multilevel governance approach to European integration would avoid these difficulties.
A Framework for Social Device Networking

The concept of connectedness, as inspired by Social Networking Service, is a key factor which participates in changing the way people interact with each other over the Internet. On the other hand, connected world as envisioned by the Internet of Things aims to expand the idea of connectivity to include everything in the physical world to a big network called the Internet. In order to realize the integration between the world of connected people and the world of connected devices, intelligence including semantics and recommendation acts as a key factor to expand the basic communication functionalities to include search, discovery, mashup of new services and filtering. We propose a framework to facilitate the next generation of communication between people and devices, and a preliminary prototype including three modules DPWSim, ThingsGate, ThingsChat along with a use case discussion.
Relationship between Copper and Zinc Content in the Soil and Plants and their Consequent Content in Blood and Excrements of Cattle and Sheep under Various Forms of Breeding

The aim of the study was to explain the relationship between copper and zinc content in the soil and plants and their consequent content in blood and excrements of cattle and sheep while various forms of breeding. Apart from the Cu and Zn concentration in the soil samples we were investigating also the concentrations of the elements Ca, Mg, P, Na, K, Mn and Mo. In excrements and feeding rations the concentration of copper and zinc were investigated. Beef cows and heifers (143) without the market milk production, dairy cows and heifers (182) with the market milk production and sheep (191) were included in the project. Altogether 325 blood (excrement) samples were collected and examined. The relations between haematological indicators and copper and zinc metabolism appear more often in animals (cows, heifers, sheep) with nonconventional way of farming and it is impacted by many the impact of an antagonistic influence of elements than in dairy animals. The results also show the necessity of the controlling of the supplementation with the mineral elements accumulation in the soil samples, plants and organism.
Embedding Program Code Integrity Monitoring in Application-specific Instruction Set Processors

Program code in a computer system can be altered either by malicious security attacks or by various faults in microprocessors. In this work, we present a generalized methodology for monitoring code integrity at run-time in applicationspecific instruction set processors (ASIPs). We embed monitoring mechanisms in an ASIP design process. Thus the processor is augmented with a hardware monitor automatically. Experimental results show that our microarchitectural support can detect program code integrity compromises with small area overhead and little performance degradation.
Scalable internet servers: issues and challenges

There has been an exponential growth in the Internet usage, and a lot of it is attributed to the increasing popularity of the World Wide Web (WWW). This increasing demand overburdens the bandwidth requirement in the Internet, particularly at the edges and the last-mile. Similarly, the processing demand and resource management for Internet applications have been increasing the load on Internet servers (web servers, proxy/caching servers, firewalls, etc.) rapidly. Evolving applications like continuous media need high throughput, whereas e-commerce transactions need low response time at all times, even during congested periods. Furthermore, the need for service differentiation is becoming more critical in the evolving applications. Thus, Quality of Service (QoS) support through service differentiation and load management are the two main issues that are receiving a lot of attention in the research community related to web servers.
Software Fault Prediction Using Quad Tree-Based K-Means Clustering Algorithm

Unsupervised techniques like clustering may be used for fault prediction in software modules, more so in those cases where fault labels are not available. In this paper a Quad Tree-based K-Means algorithm has been applied for predicting faults in program modules. The aims of this paper are twofold. First, Quad Trees are applied for finding the initial cluster centers to be input to the A'-Means Algorithm. An input threshold parameter δ governs the number of initial cluster centers and by varying δ the user can generate desired initial cluster centers. The concept of clustering gain has been used to determine the quality of clusters for evaluation of the Quad Tree-based initialization algorithm as compared to other initialization techniques. The clusters obtained by Quad Tree-based algorithm were found to have maximum gain values. Second, the Quad Tree- based algorithm is applied for predicting faults in program modules. The overall error rates of this prediction approach are compared to other existing algorithms and are found to be better in most of the cases.