Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Midlife body mass index, central adiposity and neuropsychological performance over 10 years in women living with and without HIV

Background and objective Observations of overweight and obesity in association with neuropsychological performance (NP) vary over the adult life course depending on baseline levels, biological sex, age, race, temporality of measurements, and other factors. Therefore, similar published analyses across cohorts are inconsistent. In our sample of women living with HIV (WLWH) and women without HIV (WWOH), we conducted comparable analyses as those published in men with and without HIV. We examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) and NP. Methods Four hundred thirty two 432 virologically-suppressed WLWH and 367 WWOH, ≥40 years in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) with anthropometry and NP assessments every two years from 2009-2019 were included in the study. Demographically-adjusted T-scores were calculated for six NP domains: learning, memory, executive function, processing speed, attention and working memory, and motor function. Multivariable linear regression models stratified by HIV status were used to examine cross-sectional associations of BMI and WC by NP domain; repeated measures analyses assessed baseline BMI and WC in association with longitudinal change in NP. Covariates included sociodemographic, behavioral, and HIV-related characteristics. Results At baseline among all women, the median age was 45 years, 65% were Non-Latinx Black women, and 45% were obese women. Obese WLWH (BMI≥30.0 kg/m2) had poorer executive function (β=-2.27, 95%CI [-4.46, -0.07]) versus WLWH with healthy BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m2). Longitudinally over ~8 years, obese versus overweight WWOH improved on memory (β=2.19, 95%CI [0.13, 4.26]), however overweight versus healthy WWOH experienced declining memory (β= -2.67, 95%CI [-5.40, -0.07]). Increasing WC was associated with declining executive, processing speed, and motor function (p’s<0.05); an at-risk WC was associated with improved memory (β=1.81, 95%CI [0.19, 3.44]) among WWOH. Among WLWH, increasing BMI was associated with improved learning (β=0.07, 95%CI [0.00, 0.15]. Conclusion Our cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses evaluating the associations of BMI and WC and NP were mixed compared to previous reports. This illustrates the importance of sociodemographic characteristics, baseline levels of exposures and outcomes, HIV status, temporality of measurements, and other factors when evaluating aging HIV epidemiology study results.
Transfer Learning of Fuzzy Spatio-Temporal Rules in a Brain-Inspired Spiking Neural Network Architecture: A Case Study on Spatio-Temporal Brain Data

The article demonstrates for the first time that a brain-inspired spiking neural network (SNN) architecture can be used not only to learn spatio-temporal data, but also to extract fuzzy spatio-temporal rules from such data and to update these rules incrementally in a transfer learning mode. We propose a method, where a SNN model learns incrementally new time-space data related to new classes/tasks/categories, always utilizing some previously learned knowledge, and presents the evolved knowledge as fuzzy spatio-temporal rules. Similarly, to how the brain manifests transfer learning, these SNN models do not need to be restricted in number of layers and neurons in each layer as they adopt self-organizing learning principles. The continuously evolved fuzzy rules from spatio-temporal data are interpretable for a better understanding of the processes that generate the data. The proposed method is based on a brain-inspired SNN architecture NeuCube, which is structured according to a brain three-dimensional structural template. It is illustrated on tasks of incremental and transfer learning and knowledge transfer using spatio-temporal data measuring brain activity, when subjects are performing tasks in space and time. The method is a general one and opens the field to create new types of adaptable and explainable spatio-temporal learning systems across domain areas.
A noble approach to compute the magnetic flux density, magnetic forcedistribution and its application on magnetic levitation.

In this work a novel method is introduced for the computation of magnetic flux density and magnetic force of attraction. In the first step, equations for the magnetic flux density are derived using scalar and vector potential along with Helmholtz decomposition equation. Concept of origin shifting and geometrical shape compensation is used to formulate the formula. This concept is further used for the analysis of magnetic field distribution in space around for permanent magnet. Secondly, Equation of force in one dimension is used to model the system both electrically and mathematically to obtain the overall transfer function. In order to reduce the settling time, PID control system is used. Finally, an excellent and robust nature of levitating system is demonstrated by means of simulation studies in MATLAB and measurement results.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Supersymmetric embedding of antibrane polarization

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Deep Source-Counting at 3 GHz

Abstract We describe an analysis of 3-GHz confusion-limited data from the Karl J. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). We show that with minimal model assumptions, P(D), Bayesian and Markov-Chain Mone-Carlo (MCMC) methods can define the source count to levels some 10 times fainter than the conventional confusion limit. Our verification process includes a full realistic simulation that considers known information on source angular extent and clustering. It appears that careful analysis of the statistical properties of an image is more effective than counting individual objects.
Nonlinear viscoelastic finite element modeling of a female pubic symphysis

In this study, a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element (FE) model of a female pubic symphysis was developed using automatic mesh generation techniques for tetrahedral and hexahedral elements. The geometry was based on CT scan data of a female cadaver pelvis. The model was composed of cortical and trabecular bone, a fibrocartilaginous interpubic disc, and four ligaments connecting the pubic bones. Cortical and trabecular bone were assigned linear elastic properties, while properties for the soft tissues were estimated heuristically until the overall symphysis structural behaviors agreed with the results of previously published biomechanical experiments. The nonlinear hyperelastic James-Green-Simpson constitutive material equation was used to capture axial tension and compression, while a two-term Prony series was fit to the experimental creep data. The accuracy of the estimated material properties was further studied by comparing model predictions with experimental data from slow and fast tensile tests. The results demonstrated that the two-term Prony series extension of the James-Green-Simpson material model captured the nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of the pubic symphysis to within 6% of the experimental data. Element performance tests indicated that quadratic tetrahedrons and linear hexahedrons performed roughly the same in terms of solution accuracy and computation cost. INTRODUCTION he pubic symphysis connects the anterior portion of the human pelvic ring. It is a cartilaginous and slightly movable joint interposed with a fibrocartilaginous disc and supported by the superior, inferior, anterior, and posterior ligaments (Gamble et al., 1986). These ligaments are composed of fiber layers that blend with the interpubic disc (Clemente, 1985). Lesions of the pubic symphysis are common in victims of blunt trauma, such as motor vehicle collisions (Alonso et al., 1996; Weber et al., 1999). Clinically, pelvic pain caused by pubic symphysis laxity is a common symptom (LaBan et al., 1978). Previous work has demonstrated that lateral impact loading to the greater trochanter may lead to increased laxity of the pubic symphysis (Dakin et al., 2001). T Finite element (FE) models have been used to investigate pelvic stresses during normal ambulation (Dalstra and Huiskes, 1995) and during lateral loading (Renaudin et al., 1993; Plummer et al., 1998; Dawson
Differential impact of isolated topographic bumps on ice sheet flow and subglacial processes

Abstract. Topographic highs (“bumps”) across glaciated landscapes have the potential to temporarily slow ice sheet flow or, conversely, accelerate ice flow through subglacial strain heating and meltwater production. Isolated bumps of variable size across the deglaciated landscape of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS) of Washington State present an opportunity to study the influence of topographic highs on ice–bed interactions and ice flow organization. This work utilizes semi-automatic mapping techniques of subglacial bedforms to characterize the morphology of streamlined subglacial bedforms including elongation, surface relief, and orientation, all of which provide insight into subglacial processes during post-Last Glacial Maximum deglaciation. We identify a bump-size threshold of several cubic kilometers – around 4.5 km3 – in which bumps larger than this size will consistently and significantly disrupt both ice flow organization and subglacial sedimentary processes, which are fundamental to the genesis of streamlined subglacial bedforms. Additionally, sedimentary processes are persistent and well developed downstream of bumps, as reflected by enhanced bedform elongation and reduced surface relief, likely due to increased availability and production of subglacial sediment and meltwater. While isolated topography plays a role in disrupting ice flow, larger bumps have a greater disruption to ice flow organization, while bumps below the identified threshold seem to have little effect on ice and subglacial processes. The variable influence of isolated topographic bumps on ice flow of the CIS has significant implications for outlet glaciers of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) due to similarities in regional topography, where local bumps are largely unresolved.
Locally resonant stop band acoustic metamaterial muffler with tuned resonance frequency range

Exhaust noise and pollution are the main environmental drawbacks of internal combustion engines. Although humans may seem to have become accustomed to noise, but they are continuously exposed to its risks. This paper aims to investigate exhaust noise and provide an improved design for the construction of muffler internal baffles. In this regard, locally resonant acoustic metamaterial baffles (AMB) were shown to be promising in the sense of transmission loss at desired high, medium and low-frequency domains. Hence, in terms of acoustic performance, a specific frequency range was targeted to be influenced by the changes made in the design of AMB resonators. To better characterize the AMBs, the arrangement and number of baffles were studied using resonators with different natural frequencies. Results were compared to those related to an empty cylindrical muffler model and previous studies. Findings indicate that the AMBs clearly enhance the muffler transmission loss to values up to 85 dB and that not only resonator dimensions, but also spacing of the baffles play an important role in the improvement of the transmission loss. Finally, to evaluate the real operational performance of the muffler, important factors such as flow and pressure drop are also considered and highly reasonable results are obtained.
Personality Traits of Administrators and Accountability in Secondary Education: Evidence from Survey in Nigeria

Introduction: Accountability etiquette tends to be given less attention in secondary education due to low justification of performance related to schoo0l goal attainment. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess relationship between personality traits of administrators and accountability in secondary education in Cross River State, Nigeria. Method: This study applied descriptive survey research design aimed at the relationship of personality of administrators and accountability in secondary education in terms of school objectives and senior officers’ responsiveness. The population included 246 secondary schools in Cross River State, Nigeria. The sample consisted of the entire population of 246 secondary schools selected using census sampling technique. 492 principals and vice principals of secondary schools were used to assess the secondary education in the state. Data collection was done with researchers’ constructed instrument validated and with a reliability coefficient of 0.87 using cronbatch alpha method for the competence. Alpha reliabilities average of 0.80 (ranging from 0.17 to 0.88) was obtained using test retest reliability coefficient for adopted Big Five Inventory (BFI). Three research questions guided the study. Data were analyzed using Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis. Results: The results showed that personality traits of administrators were positive significant predictors of accountability in secondary education. However, neuroticism behaviour dimension was negatively related to accountability in the secondary school system. Discussion and conclusion: Based on the results above, personality traits of administrators guaranteed improvement of accountability. The implication of this finding was that secondary education system could not inspire engagement and high level of performance without desirable natural ability traits of educational administrators. Therefore, innate characteristics of administrators were keystones of accountability in terms of achieving optimality in educational objectives and senior officers’ responsiveness in secondary education system. Received: 21 April 2023 / Accepted: 24 June 2023 / Published: 5 July 2023
A note on the convergence of the solution of the high order Camassa-Holm equation to the entropy ones of a scalar conservation law

We consider a shallow water equation of Camassa-Holm type, which contains nonlinear dispersive effects. We prove that as the diffusion parameter tends to zero, the solution of the dispersive equation converges to the unique entropy solution of a scalar conservation law. The proof relies on deriving suitable a priori estimates together with an application of the compensated compactness method in the $L^p$ setting.
Optimal deformable mirror and pupil apodization combinations for apodized pupil Lyot coronagraphs with obstructed pupils

Combining active pupil correction via deformable mirrors (DMs) with coronagraphs such as the Apodized Pupil Lyot Coronagraph (APLC) provides a powerful tool for creating high contrast dark holes with obstructed pupils featuring central obstructions, spiders, and gaps. We investigate optimal combinations of DM pupil remapping via Active Compensation of Aperture Discontinuities- Optimized Stroke Minimization (ACAD-OSM) and binary mask pupil apodization to obtain dark holes with contrasts of 1010 for the APLC. We examine the space of possible configurations for an APLC apodized with a circularly symmetric pupil mask and a pair of DMs using a modified MCMC algorithm that allows us to probe previously unexamined combinations of pupil apodization, focal plane mask size, and Lyot stop size. We find designs with ~ 20% encircled energy throughput for a focal plane mask radius of 4. 5λ/D and a bandwidth of 20%, as well as for a focal plane mask radius of 3.18 λ/D and a bandwidth of 10%. We also find solutions for focal plane mask radii of 2 λ/D and 20% bandwidths that can obtain encircled energy throughputs of up to ~ 4%. Our strategy of combining circularly symmetric binary masks with DMs to create dark holes with obstructed pupils can be expanded to optimize the APLC for terrestrial exoplanet yield, and we conclude by exploring the possibility of optimizing coronagraphs using a simple parametric expression for yield.
Computation of Whole-Body Average SAR in Realistic Human Models From 1 to 100 GHz

The reliability of numerical human modeling, especially for the skin, is one of the challenging topics in the frequency region above 6 GHz. This study provides a first computation of the frequency dependence of whole-body average specific absorption rate (WBASAR) from 1 to 100 GHz to provide the limit of external power density of the international guidelines using high-resolution anatomical human models. A high-resolution anatomical model with fine-tuned skin thickness was developed to compute the WBASAR. The effects of skin thickness on the WBASAR were evaluated at frequencies >6 GHz where power deposition in the skin predominates. The absorption cross Section (ACS) was derived according to the results acquired using a high-resolution model for semianalytically estimating the WBASAR. The WBASAR is affected by skin thicknesses at frequencies ≤20 GHz. Above 20 GHz, the WBASARs in the models without surface smoothness were 10%–17% higher compared with those in a model with surface smoothing. A simple estimation of WBASAR is also presented in terms of the ACS, in which the ACS becomes close to the projection area above 10 GHz. The WBASAR can be estimated according to a projection area with an accuracy of 5% above 10 GHz.
Geometric classification of warped products isometrically immersed into Sasakian space forms

The main objective of this paper is to study the warped product pointwise semi‐slant submanifolds which are isometrically immersed into Sasakian manifolds. First, we prove some characterizations results in terms of the shape operator, under which influence a pointwise semi‐slant submanifold of a Sasakian manifold can be reduced to a warped product submanifold. Then, we determine a geometric inequality for the second fundamental form regarding to intrinsic invariant and extrinsic invariant using the Gauss equation instead of the Codazzi equation. Evenmore, we give some applications of this inequality into Sasakian space forms, and we will investigate the status of equalities in the inequality. As a particular case, we provide numerous applications of the Green lemma, the Laplacian of warped functions and some partial differential equations. Some triviality results for connected, compact warped product pointwise semi‐slant submanifolds of Sasakian space form by means of Hamiltonian and the kinetic energy of warped function involving boundary conditions are established.
Online Energy Management for Microgrids With CHP Co-Generation and Energy Storage

In this brief, the online energy management problem of a grid-connected microgrid is studied. The considered microgrid is a typical system that consists of renewable energy generations (RG), local co-generations with combined heat and power supply, the electricity and heat energy storage systems (ESS) (e.g., battery and thermal tank), and the centralized power grid (PG), as well as the external natural gas station. This brief aims to minimize the aggregate microgrid’s operation cost by formulating it as a stochastic nonconvex optimization programming, which is challenging to solve optimally due to the coupling feature of energy storage devices. First, by investigating the unique structure of the formulated optimization problem, we relax the constraints and transform the original nonconvex stochastic optimization problem into a convex optimization programming. Furthermore, we tackle the problem by developing a modified Lyapunov optimization approach and design an online energy management algorithm that does not require any statistic information of the random system inputs (e.g., the purchasing price from the PG, the harvesting electricity from the RG, and the charging levels of the ESS, and so on). Moreover, extensive empirical evaluations using real-world traces are performed to study the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in practice. Our proposed algorithm can reduce 27.5% of the aggregate cost compared with the benchmark approach.
Spatial Functional Data Analysis for the Spatial–Spectral Classification of Hyperspectral Imagery

Although support vector classifiers for hyperspectral imagery traditionally exploit spectral information alone, there has been increasing interest in spatial–spectral classifiers that incorporate spatial context due to the potential for significant performance improvement over spectral-only approaches. Accordingly, a new approach for spatial–spectral classification is introduced which incorporates spatial information into a prior hyperspectral classifier driven by functional data analysis (FDA) applied to continuous spectral functions. FDA permits functional properties—such as the smoothness inherent to spectral signatures—to inform hyperspectral classification. The proposed spatial FDA (SFDA) incorporates an additional spatial coherency factor that attempts to ensure that each pixel is represented with a spectral curve that is similar to those of its nearest spatial neighbors. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SFDA coupled with a support vector classifier yields results superior to other state-of-the-art spatial–spectral techniques for hyperspectral classification.
Intra-Session Reliability of Sprint Performance on a Non-Motorised Treadmill for Healthy Active Males and Females

This study examined the intra-session reliability of sprint performance on a non-motorized treadmill amongst healthy, active male and female adults. One hundred and twenty participants (males n = 77; females n = 45) completed two familiarization sessions, followed by a third session that consisted of three trials (T1, T2, T3) of maximal sprints (4-s), interspersed by three minutes of recovery. Combining males and females exhibited moderate-to-excellent test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient, ICC), minimal measurement error (coefficient of variation, CV) and trivial differences between trials (effect size, ES) for speed, power, total work and acceleration (ICC = 0.82–0.98, CV = 1.31–8.45%, ES = 0.01–0.22). The measurement error was improved between comparisons of T1 vs. T2 (CV = 1.62–8.45%, ES = 0.12–0.22) to T2 vs. T3 (CV = 1.31–6.56%, ES = 0.01–0.07) and better for females (CV = 1.26–7.94%, ES = 0.001–0.26) than males (CV = 1.33–8.53%, ES = 0.06–0.31). The current study demonstrated moderate-to-excellent reliability and good-moderate measurement error during a 4-s sprint on a non-motorized treadmill. However, sex had a substantial impact with females exhibiting better values. Practitioners should employ at least two separate trials within a session, in addition to multiple familiarization sessions, to achieve reliable non-motorized treadmill sprint performances.