Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Convolutive blind source separation in the frequency domain of mechanical noise for gas turbines based on bounded component analysis

Noise source identification of gas turbines can provide the basis and guidance for vibration and noise reduction of gas turbines. Independent component analysis (ICA) is one of the most popular techniques for blind source separation (BSS) widely used in vibration and noise source separation in mechanical systems. ICA is suitable for independent source signals. However, in order to identify dependent mechanical noise sources in gas turbines, a convolutive BSS in the frequency domain based on bounded component analysis (BCA) is proposed. First, the basic theory of BSS and BCA is introduced in detail. The convolutive mixing in the time domain is transformed into an instantaneous mixing in the frequency domain by short time Fourier transform (STFT), and complex BCA is performed at each frequency bin. Second, a permutation alignment method based on local and global optimization is proposed to solve the problem of the permutation ambiguity. Finally, the accuracy and robustness of the proposed method are comparatively studied through typical numerical and experimental studies on a three-rotor experimental bench. The results show that the proposed method can effectively separate and identify independent and dependent source signals.
Driving Extreme Variability - Measuring the evolving coronae and evidence for jet launching in AGN

Relativistically blurred reflection from the accretion disc provides a powerful probe of the extreme environments close to supermassive black holes; the inner regions of the accretion flow and the corona that produces the intense X-ray continuum. Techniques by which the geometry and extent of the corona can be measured through the observed X-ray spectrum are reviewed along with the evolution in the structure of the corona that is seen to accompany variations in the X-ray luminosity both on long and short timescales. Detailed analyses of the narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxies Markarian 335 and 1H0707-495, over observations with XMM-Newton as well as Suzaku and NuSTAR spanning nearly a decade reveal that increases in the X-ray luminosity coincide with an expansion of the corona to cover a larger area of the inner accretion disc. Underlying this long timescale variability lie more complex patterns of behaviour on short timescales. Flares in the X-ray emission during a low flux state of Mrk 335 observed in 2013 and 2014 are found to mark a reconfiguration of the corona while there is evidence that the flares were caused by a vertical collimation and ejection of coronal material, reminiscent of an aborted jet-launching event. Measurements of the corona and reflecting accretion disc are combined to infer the conditions on the inner disc that lead to the flaring event.
LAMBDA AND ANTI-LAMBDA HYPERNUCLEI IN RELATIVISTIC MEAN-FIELD THEORY

Several aspects about Λ-hypernuclei in the relativistic mean field theory, including the effective Λ-nucleon coupling strengths based on the successful effective nucleon-nucleon interaction PK1, hypernuclear magnetic moment and -hypernuclei, have been presented. The effect of tensor coupling in Λ-hypernuclei and the impurity effect of to nuclear structure have been discussed in detail.
Multi-frequency image reconstruction for radio interferometry. A regularized inverse problem approach

We describe a "spatio-spectral" deconvolution algorithm for wide-band imaging in radio interferometry. In contrast with the existing multi-frequency reconstruction algorithms, the proposed method does not rely on a model of the sky-brightness spectral distribution. This non-parametric approach can be of particular interest for the new generation of low frequency radiotelescopes. The proposed solution formalizes the reconstruction problem as a convex optimization problem with spatial and spectral regularizations. The efficiency of this approach has been already proven for narrow-band image reconstruction and the present contribution can be considered as its extension to the multi-frequency case. Because the number of frequency bands multiplies the size of the inverse problem, particular attention is devoted to the derivation of an iterative large scale optimization algorithm. It is shown that the main computational bottleneck of the approach, which lies in the resolution of a linear system, can be efficiently overcome by a fully parallel implementation w.r. t. the frequencies, where each processor reconstructs a narrow-band image. All the other optimization steps are extremely fast. A parallel implementation of the algorithm in Julia is publicly available at this https URL Preliminary simulations illustrate the performances of the method and its ability to reconstruct complex spatio-spectral structures.
GAN in digital image processing

A generative adversarial network (GAN) is a critical invention in machine learning, and this network has made great progress recently. From the overcoming of target classification to the unification of target detection and segmentation, the fortresses of deep learning have been conquered one after another during the great development of all kinds of GANs. GAN is a class of deep learning frameworks constructed by two neural networks, which have two models named generator and discriminator. The two models learn anything by playing games with each other to produce convincing output. Machine learning practitioners are increasingly turning to the power of GANs for digital image processing, and the applications that benefit from using GANs include generating art and photos from text-based descriptions, upscaling images, transferring images across domains, and many others. Thus it is meaningful to do review research on the representative enhanced GAN architectures that have been devised with their unique features for solving specific digital image processing problems. In this paper, we will review the revolution of GANs and the improvement in digital image processing.
An all-sky search for bursts of very high energy gamma rays with HAWC

A new ground-based wide-field extensive air shower array known as the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory promises a new window to monitoring the $\sim$100 GeV gamma-ray sky with the potential for detecting a high energy spectral cutoff in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). It represents a roughly 15 times sensitivity gain over the previous generation of wide-field gamma-ray air shower instruments and is able to detect the Crab Nebula at high significance ($>$5 $\sigma$) with each daily transit. Its wide field-of-view ($\sim$2 sr) and $>$95% uptime make it an ideal instrument for detecting GRB emission at $\sim$100 GeV with an expectation for observing $\sim$1 GRB per year based on existing measurements of GRB emission. An all-sky, self-triggered search for VHE emission produced by GRBs with HAWC has been developed. We present the results of this search on three characteristic GRB emission timescales, 0.2 seconds, 1 second, and 10 seconds, in the first year of the fully-populated HAWC detector which is the most sensitive dataset to date. No significant detections were found, allowing us to place upper limits on the rate of GRBs containing appreciable emission in the $\sim$100 GeV band. These constraints exclude previously unexamined parameter space.
Constraining the absolute orientation of η Carinae’s binary orbit: a 3D dynamical model for the broad [Fe iii] emission

We present a three-dimensional (3-D) dynamical model for the broad [Fe III] emission observed in Eta Carinae using the Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (HST/STIS). This model is based on full 3-D Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of Eta Car's binary colliding winds. Radiative transfer codes are used to generate synthetic spectro-images of [Fe III] emission line structures at various observed orbital phases and STIS slit position angles (PAs). Through a parameter study that varies the orbital inclination i, the PA(theta) that the orbital plane projection of the line-of-sight makes with the apastron side of the semi-major axis, and the PA on the sky of the orbital axis, we are able, for the first time, to tightly constrain the absolute 3-D orientation of the binary orbit. To simultaneously reproduce the blue-shifted emission arcs observed at orbital phase 0.976, STIS slit PA = +38deg, and the temporal variations in emission seen at negative slit PAs, the binary needs to have an i approx. = 130deg to 145deg, Theta approx. = -15deg to +30deg, and an orbital axis projected on the sky at a P A approx. = 302deg to 327deg east of north. This represents a system with an orbital axis that is closely aligned with the inferred polar axis of the Homunculus nebula, in 3-D. The companion star, Eta(sub B), thus orbits clockwise on the sky and is on the observer's side of the system at apastron. This orientation has important implications for theories for the formation of the Homunculus and helps lay the groundwork for orbital modeling to determine the stellar masses.
LINE EMISSION FROM RADIATION-PRESSURIZED H ii REGIONS. II. DYNAMICS AND POPULATION SYNTHESIS

Optical and infrared emission lines from H ii regions are an important diagnostic used to study galaxies, but interpretation of these lines requires significant modeling of both the internal structure and dynamical evolution of the emitting regions. Most of the models in common use today assume that H ii region dynamics are dominated by the expansion of stellar wind bubbles, and have neglected the contribution of radiation pressure to the dynamics, and in some cases also to the internal structure. However, recent observations of nearby galaxies suggest that neither assumption is justified, motivating us to revisit the question of how H ii region line emission depends on the physics of winds and radiation pressure. In a companion paper we construct models of single H ii regions including and excluding radiation pressure and winds, and in this paper we describe a population synthesis code that uses these models to simulate galactic collections of H ii regions with varying physical parameters. We show that the choice of physical parameters has significant effects on galactic emission line ratios, and that in some cases the line ratios can exceed previously claimed theoretical limits. Our results suggest that the recently reported offset in line ratio values between high-redshift star-forming galaxies and those in the local universe may be partially explained by the presence of large numbers of radiation-pressure-dominated H ii regions within them.
Role of incoherent substrate reflections in photonic crystal spectroscopy

A method is presented for modelling the optical properties of a photonic crystal structure mounted on a substrate which is thick enough that the light reflected from the back is incoherent with reflections from the front. Transmission and reflection spectra are presented for the cases where the structure is a multilayer planar microcavity and an opal photonic crystal. The contributions from the incoherent reflections can be very large, and in the photonic crystal case, change the positions of the spectral peaks. There are many situations where a photonic crystal structure which is studied experimentally is mounted on a thick substrate. In modelling the optical properties of the actual structure, we need to consider the effects of interference between light reflected off different interfaces. However, if we also allow interference between waves reflected from the structure and off back of the substrate, the spectra which are obtained are very unrealistic, being dominated by closely spaced Fabry-Perot fringes. This problem is typically avoided in calculations by treating the substrate as semi-infinite, eliminating any reflections. In reality, the interference effects are not seen because inhomogeneities in the substrate, such as thickness variations, mean that any waves which has passed through the substrate is effectively incoherent with the front reflections. In this letter, we present a simple but much more realistic theoretical treatment which incorporates multiple reflections in the substrate as incoherent waves. Our results show that these reflections can make very significant contributions to the spectra, so the semi-infinite substrate approach is not appropriate for accurate comparisons with experimental data. The method we describe is very adaptable, and can be applied to any structure for which the intensity transmittance and reflectance on a semi-infinite substrate can be calculated, either analytically or numerically. As indicated in Fig.(1), we call these quantities Tf and Rf for light passing from air into the 1 ar X iv :1 01 2. 36 77 v1 [ ph ys ic s. op tic s] 1 6 D ec 2 01 0
First results for electromagnetic three-nucleon form factors from high-precision two-nucleon interactions

The electromagnetic form factors of the three-nucleon bound states were calculated in complete impulse approximation in the framework of the Covariant Spectator Theory for the new high-precision two-nucleon interaction models WJC-1 and WJC-2. The calculations use an approximation for the three-nucleon vertex functions with two nucleons off mass shell. The form factors with WJC-2 are close to the ones obtained with the older model W16 and to nonrelativistic potential calculations with lowest-order relativistic corrections, while the form factors with the most precise two-nucleon model WJC-1 exhibit larger differences. These results can be understood when the effect of the different types of pion-nucleon coupling used in the various models is examined.
Spectrum monitoring system based on edge computing and application

With the increase of the number of frequency terminals, the electromagnetic spectrum resource becomes particularly important. The traditional electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system is faced with the problems of insufficient transmission bandwidth, shortage of monitoring node resources and large human interference factors. In this paper, edge computing technology is applied to electromagnetic spectrum monitoring, and edge computing processing framework KubeEdge is used to establish a spectrum monitoring system. The system is divided into cloud and edge monitoring node, and multiple distributed spectrum monitoring nodes can be deployed. Taking the signal modulation recognition application as an example, the results show that the system can effectively deploy spectrum monitoring applications to intelligently identify signal modulation modes, and the recognition accuracy of some modulation modes is close to more than 90%.
LARGE-SCALE SHOCK-IONIZED AND PHOTOIONIZED GAS IN M83: THE IMPACT OF STAR FORMATION

We investigate the ionization structure of the nebular gas in M83 using the line diagnostic diagram, [O iii](5007 Å)/Hβ versus [S ii](6716 Å+6731 Å)/Hα, with the newly available narrowband images from the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). We produce the diagnostic diagram on a pixel-by-pixel (0.″2 × 0.″2) basis and compare it with several photo- and shock-ionization models. We select four regions from the center to the outer spiral arm and compare them in the diagnostic diagram. For the photoionized gas, we observe a gradual increase of the log ([O iii]/Hβ) ratios from the center to the spiral arm, consistent with the metallicity gradient, as the H ii regions go from super-solar abundance to roughly solar abundance from the center out. Using the diagnostic diagram, we separate the photoionized from the shock-ionized component of the gas. We find that the shock-ionized Hα emission ranges from ∼2% to about 15%–33% of the total, depending on the separation criteria used. An interesting feature in the diagnostic diagram is a horizontal distribution around log ([O iii]/Hβ) ≈ 0. This feature is well fit by a shock-ionization model with 2.0 Z☉ metallicity and shock velocities in the range of 250–350 km s−1. A low-velocity shock component, <200 km s−1, is also detected and is spatially located at the boundary between the outer ring and the spiral arm. The low-velocity shock component can be due to (1) supernova remnants located nearby, (2) dynamical interaction between the outer ring and the spiral arm, and (3) abnormal line ratios from extreme local dust extinction. The current data do not enable us to distinguish among those three possible interpretations. Our main conclusion is that, even at the HST resolution, the shocked gas represents a small fraction of the total ionized gas emission at less than 33% of the total. However, it accounts for virtually all of the mechanical energy produced by the central starburst in M83.
An Energy-Based Discontinuous Galerkin Method for the Wave Equation with Advection

An energy-based discontinuous Galerkin method for the advective wave equation is proposed and analyzed. Energy-conserving or energy-dissipating methods follow from simple, mesh-independent choices of the inter-element fluxes, and both subsonic and supersonic advection is allowed. Error estimates in the energy norm are established, and numerical experiments on structured grids display optimal convergence in the $L^2$ norm for upwind fluxes. The method generalizes earlier work on energy-based discontinuous Galerkin methods for second order wave equations which was restricted to energy forms written as a simple sum of kinetic and potential energy.
ST3GAL3 Promotes the Inflammatory Response of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Activating the TLR9/MyD88 Pathway

This study is aimed at investigating the role of β-galactoside-α2,3-sialyltransferase III (ST3GAL3) in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as its potential mechanism of action. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to analyse the expression of ST3GAL3 and the enrichment signalling pathways associated with ST3GAL3 in RA. The effects of ST3GAL3 on tumour necrosis factor- (TNF-) α and interleukin- (IL-) 1β-treated MH7A cells were determined using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), transwell, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The expression of proliferation-associated proteins and Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway-enriched proteins was analysed using western blotting. As a main result, ST3GAL3 was screened as an overlapping upregulated gene from GSE101193 and GSE94519 datasets. ST3GAL3 expression in MH7A cells significantly increased with increasing treatment time with TNF-α or IL-1β. TLR9/myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88) is a downstream activation pathway of ST3GAL3. ST3GAL3 overexpression promoted MH7A cell proliferation and migration. Additionally, ST3GAL3 overexpression upregulated the expression of proliferation-associated proteins (cyclinD, cyclinE, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen) and TLR pathway enrichment factors (TLR9 and MyD88) and increased the production of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) 1, MMP3, interleukin- (IL-) 6, and IL-8, whereas si-ST3GAL3 had the opposite effect. The addition of TLR9 agonists (CpG 2216 and CpG 2006) reversed the effects of si-ST3GAL3 on MH7A cell proliferation, migration, and inflammation. TLR9-specific siRNA reversed the effects of ST3GAL3 overexpression on MH7A cell proliferation, migration, and inflammation. In conclusion, ST3GAL3 is likely involved in RA pathogenesis by activating the TLR9/MyD88 pathway.
Orbital evolution of a planet on an inclined orbit interacting with a disc

We study the dynamics of a planet on an orbit inclined with respect to a disc. If the initial inclination of the orbit is larger than some critical value, the gravitational force exerted by the disc on the planet leads to a Kozai cycle in which the eccentricity of the orbit is pumped up to large values and oscillates with time in antiphase with the inclination. On the other hand, both the inclination and the eccentricity are damped by the frictional force that the planet is subject to when it crosses the disc. We show that, by maintaining either the inclination or the eccentricity at large values, the Kozai effect provides a way of delaying alignment with the disc and circularization of the orbit. We find the critical value to be characteristically as small as about 20 degrees. Typically, Neptune or lower mass planets would remain on inclined and eccentric orbits over the disc lifetime, whereas orbits of Jupiter or higher mass planets would align and circularize. This could play a significant role in planet formation scenarios.
Season of prescribed burns and management of an early successional species affect flower density and pollinator activity in a pine savanna ecosystem

In the age of changing fire regimes, land managers often rely on prescribed burns to promote high diversity of herbaceous plants. Yet, little is known about how the timing of prescribed burns interacts with other ecological factors to maintain biodiversity while restoring fire-adapted ecosystems. We examined how timing of prescribed burns and removal of a dominant, early successional weedy plant yankeeweed (Eupatorium compositifolium) affect flower density and pollinator activity in an early-successional longleaf pine savanna restored from a timber plantation. During the first year of this study, plots received seasonal burn treatments, including unburned control, winter-dry, spring, and summer-wet season burns. During the second year of the study, data on flowers and pollinators were sampled across all plots. In the third year, these seasonal burn treatments were again applied to plots, and data were again collected on flowers and pollinators. In each burn treatment plot, we manipulated the presence of yankeeweed, including one control subplot (no removal) in which yankeeweed was not manipulated and one removal subplot in which yankeeweed was removed, and flowers and pollinators were measured. During the year between burns, flower density was highest in the summer-wet season burn treatment, significantly higher than in the unburned control, while pollinator activity was highest in the summer-wet and spring season burn treatments, significantly higher than the unburned control. During the year in which plots were burned again, flower density was highest in the spring season burn treatment, and pollinators most frequent in both spring and winter-dry season burn treatments, significantly higher than the unburned control. Removing yankeeweed enhanced pollinator activity but only in the year between fire applications. We conclude that prescribed burning enhances floral resource availability and pollinator activity, but the magnitude of these effects depends on when fires are applied. Additionally, removal of yankeeweed can enhance pollinator activity during years between prescribed burns.
Large gap asymptotics in the piecewise thinned Bessel point process

We obtain large gap asymptotics in the Bessel point process, in the case where we apply the operation of a piecewise constant thinning on $m$ consecutive intervals. This operation consists of removing each particle on the $j$th interval with probability $s_{j} \in [0,1]$, $j = 1,. ,m$. We consider two different regimes of the parameters: 1) the case $s_{1} > 0$, and 2) $s_{1} = 0$ (i.e. there is no thinning on the first interval). In both cases we assume $s_{2},. ,s_{m} > 0$. The particular case of $m=1$ and $s_{1}=0$ is known and corresponds to the large gap asymptotics for the Tracy-Widom distribution at the hard edge.
Numerical Solution of High-Order Linear Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations by Lucas Collocation Method

In this paper, a useful matrix approach for high-order linear Fredholm integro-differential equations with initial boundary conditions expressed as Lucas polynomials is proposed. Through the use of a matrix equation which is equivalent to a set of linear algebraic equations—the method transforms the integro differential equation. When compared to other methods that have been proposed in the literature, the numerical results from the suggested technique reveal that it is effective and promising, and error estimation of the scheme was derived. These results were compared with the exact solutions to the tested issues.