Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distress and its correlates in Korean cancer patients: pilot use of the distress thermometer and the problem list

The distress thermometer (DT), a one‐item measure for distress, provides a means for rapidly and effectively screening psychological distress in cancer patients. In this pilot study, a screening efficacy of the DT was investigated in a mixed cohort of 108 Korean cancer patients. Participants completed the DT, the problem list (PL), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and answered questions regarding supportive needs and their degree of satisfaction with several aspects of care. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses indicated that a DT cutoff score of 4 yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.75 with a sensitivity of 0.83 and a specificity of 0.59 for HADS‐total score defined cases (⩾15). HADS—Anxiety and Depression subscale scores explained 27% of the variability in the DT scores, implying that ‘distress’ is a broader concept that includes anxiety and depressive symptoms but has a more comprehensive meaning that encompasses multiple contributory factors. Regarding the PL, distressed patients (DT⩾4) reported significantly more problems (23 of 35) in all categories, suggesting, although degrees differ, that a wide variety of problems contribute to distress in cancer patients. Distress as defined by DT and HADS subscale scores was also significantly associated with higher supportive needs, a poor ECOG performance status (both physician and patient‐rated), and a reduced level of satisfaction with treatment, staff, and communications.
NIS02-2: A Secure Routing Protocol for Heterogeneous Sensor Networks

Sensor networks are envisioned to have important applications in military and homeland security. For sensor networks deployed in such hostile environments, security is critical to ensure privacy, integrity, authenticity, and availability of communications. Routing is a fundamental operation in sensor networks. Past researches on sensor network routing focused on efficiency and effectiveness of data dissemination. Few of them considered security during the design phase of the routing protocols. Furthermore, previous researches on sensor networks mainly considered homogeneous sensor networks, i.e., all sensor nodes are the same. Research has shown that homogeneous ad hoc networks have poor performance. We adopt a heterogeneous sensor network (HSN) model for better performance and security. In this paper, we present an efficient secure routing protocol for HSN which takes advantage of the powerful high-end sensors. The security analysis demonstrates that the secure routing protocol can defend typical routing attacks. The simulation shows that the secure routing protocol has better performance than a popular routing protocol - directed diffusion.
Path following through reference points for a car-like mobile robot

In this paper a solution for the problem of following paths defined by reference points for a car-like mobile robot is addressed. The proposed control law is a linearizing state feedback for the rotational kinematics of the mobile robot. The orientation error is defined in such a way that it remains in the interval greater than or equal minus one hundred eighty degrees and smaller than one hundred eighty degrees in order to avoid the unwinding phenomena. The efficiency of the proposed control strategy is verified through numerical simulations.
How do the Results of Metacognitive Research Impact on the Learning Disabled Individual?

This paper explores the impact of metacognitive research on learning disabled (LD) individuals. Specifically, the focus is on the positive effects of metacognitive research on the teaching of LD students, and on the importance of broadening LD teachers' understanding of their students' academic failures. The discussion concludes by pointing to the direction in which future research may profitably be extended.
Identification and Characterization of Multiple Intermediate Alleles of the Key Genes Regulating Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis Pathways

Most of the early identified brassinosteroid signaling and biosynthetic mutants are null mutants, exhibiting extremely dwarfed phenotypes and male sterility. These null mutants are usually unable to be directly transformed via a routinely used Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation system and therefore are less useful for genetic characterization of the brassinosteroid (BR)-related pathways. Identification of intermediate signaling mutants such as bri1–5 and bri1–9 has contributed drastically to the elucidation of BR signaling pathway using both genetic and biochemical approaches. However, intermediate mutants of key genes regulating BR biosynthesis have seldom been reported. Here we report identification of several intermediate BR biosynthesis mutants mainly resulted from leaky transcriptions due to the insertions of T-DNAs in the introns. These mutants are semi-dwarfed and fertile and capable to be transformed. These intermediate mutants could be useful tools for future discovery and analyses of novel components regulating BR biosynthesis and catabolism via genetic modifier screen.
Speed-Accuracy Characteristics of Human-Machine Cooperative Manipulation Using Virtual Fixtures With Variable Admittance

This work explores the effect of virtual fixture admittance on the performance, defined by error and time, of task execution with a human-machine cooperative system. A desired path is obtained using computer vision, and virtual fixtures for assistance in planar path following were implemented on an admittance-controlled robot. The admittance controller uses a velocity gain, so that the speed of the robot is proportional to the force applied by the operator. The level of virtual fixture guidance is determined by the admittance ratio, which is the ratio of the admittance gain of the force components orthogonal to the path to the gain of the force components parallel to the path. In Experiment 1, we found a linear relationship between admittance ratio and performance. In Experiment 2, we examined the effect of admittance ratio on the performance of three tasks: path following, off-path targeting, and obstacle avoidance. An algorithm was developed to select an appropriate admittance ratio based on the nature of the task. Automatic admittance ratio tuning is recommended for next-generation virtual fixtures. Actual or potential applications of this research include surgery, assembly, and manipulation at the macro and micro scales.
Labyrinth Anesthesia – A Forgotten but Practical Treatment Option in Ménière’s Disease

The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of labyrinth anesthesia – the intratympanic instillation of lidocaine – in the treatment of Ménière’s disease and to recall a forgotten method. Twenty-four patients (15 male, 9 female), aged from 19.7 to 80.6 years (mean: 47.8 years) with the clinical diagnosis of unilateral Ménière’s disease who underwent labyrinth anesthesia in our department were included in this retrospective study. After local anesthesia of the tympanic membrane, a solution of 4% lidocaine and furfuryladenine (Kinetin) was instilled into the tympanic cavity. Patient records, a questionnaire and a physical examination were used to evaluate vertigo control, hearing loss, tinnitus, and quality of life according to the AAO-HNS criteria before and after surgery. Postoperatively, 87.5% of patients reported at least a noticeable decrease of vestibular symptoms, 66.7% of these patients were free of attacks for an average of 26.5 months. Postoperative hearing was the same or even improved in 87.5% of our patients. Tinnitus was not affected in any individual. Based on the findings presented herein, we consider labyrinth anesthesia a practicable and, due to its safety, highly recommendable therapeutic option for patients suffering from Ménière’s disease.
Classification on Twitter data using Word N Gram Model

Sentiment analysis over Twitter offer organisations a fast and effective way to monitor the public feelings towards their brand, business etc. A wide range of features and methods for training sentiment classifiers for Twitter datasets have been researched in recent years with varying results. In this paper, we experimented with various entities from tweets using word ngram model. We measured the correlation of the representative concept with negative and positive sentiment. We apply this approach to predict sentiment for four different Twitter datasets such as iphone, android, obama and amazon. Ngram model is evaluated with precision, recall and F measures. The results shows that the unigram model for identifying both negative and positive sentiment is a promising approach compared with other ngram models. We have evaluated the ngram model using different classification models such as naive machine learning approach, K-nearest neighbour approach, Support vector machine model and Desition tree approach. We found that Support vector machine are giving better results on unigram model when compared with other classifiers.
Honesty in an Online Labor Market

The efficient functioning of markets and institutions assumes a certain degree of honesty from participants. In labor markets, for instance, employers benefit from employees who will render meaningful work, and employees benefit from employers who will pay the promised amount for services rendered. We use an established method for detecting dishonest behavior in a series of experiments conducted on Amazon's Mechanical Turk, a popular online labor market. Our first experiment estimates a baseline amount of dishonesty for this task in this population. The second experiment tests the hypothesis that the level of dishonesty in the population will be sensitive to the relative amount that can be gained by dishonest reporting, and the third experiment, manipulates the degree to which dishonest reporting can be detected at the individual level. We conclude with a demographic and crosscultural analysis of the predictors of dishonest reporting in this market.
Study of Intelligent Control System in Air-conditioning System Experiment Installation

According to the application situation of central air-conditioning system in China, an experiment installation of intelligent air-conditioning system is designed which is based on BAS (building automation system) of EBI (enterprise buildings integrator) of automated logic corporation. This study is to analyze the composition and characteristics of this installation. The hardware and software are presented. The software includes the EBI and CARE (computer aided regulation engineering) of the corresponding upper and lower computer. At last the control strategy of the installation is discussed, which includes the cascade control and hybrid fuzzy-PID control algorithms. Especially the supply air temperature and air-conditioning room air temperature is controlled coordinately by adjusting the air system and water system. By flexibly configuring the software and hardware of the system, this installation can fulfil various research tasks as air-conditioning system characteristics, indoor airflow and control strategy, and the economy running mode of air-conditioning system
A Conceptual Space Model for Intrusion Detection

This paper describes an approach for intrusion detection that is based on conceptual representations. The Conceptual Space model is adapted to represent information about potential intrusive activity. In order to more easily provide for decisions regarding assessment of intrusive behavior, we incorporate superellipsoids into our adapted conceptual space model. Brief comments regarding conceptual spaces and superellipsoids are made. We illustrate our approach by considering a network intrusion detection application.
Dynamic interface between proteins

Protein docking is a fundamental biological process that links two proteins. This link is typically dened by an interaction between two large zones of the protein boundaries. Visualizing such an interface is useful to understand the process thanks to 3D protein structures, to estimate the quality of docking simulation results, and to classify interactions in order to predict docking anit y between classes of interacting zones. Since the interface may be dened by a surface that separates the two proteins, it is possible to create a map of interaction that allows comparisons to be performed in 2D. This paper presents a very fast algorithm that extracts an interface surface and creates a valid and low-distorted interaction map. Another benet of our approach is that a pre-computed part of the algorithm enables the surface to be updated in real-time while residues are moved.
Aging does not Enhance Experimental Cigarette Smoke-Induced COPD in the Mouse

It has been proposed that the development of COPD is driven by premature aging/premature senescence of lung parenchyma cells. There are data suggesting that old mice develop a greater inflammatory and lower anti-oxidant response after cigarette smoke compared to young mice, but whether these differences actually translate into greater levels of disease is unknown. We exposed C57Bl/6 female mice to daily cigarette smoke for 6 months starting at age 3 months (Ayoung@) or age 12 months (Aold@), with air-exposed controls. There were no differences in measures of airspace size between the two control groups and cigarette smoke induced exactly the same amount of emphysema in young and old. The severity of smoke-induced small airway remodeling using various measures was identical in both groups. Smoke increased numbers of tissue macrophages and neutrophils and levels of 8-hydroxyguanosine, a marker of oxidant damage, but there were no differences between young and old. Gene expression studies using laser capture microdissected airways and parenchyma overall showed a trend to lower levels in older animals and a somewhat lesser response to cigarette smoke in both airways and parenchyma but the differences were usually not marked. Telomere length was greatest in young control mice and was decreased by both smoking and age. The senescence marker p21Waf1 was equally upregulated by smoke in young and old, but p16INK4a, another senescence marker, was not upregulated at all. We conclude, in this model, animal age does not affect the development of emphysema and small airway remodeling.
Eosinophils in Colorectal Neoplasms Associated with Expression of CCL11 and CCL24

Background: A decrease in the number of tissue eosinophils is known to reflect the malignancy potential of neoplastic lesions and even prognosis. Increased levels of the chemokines CCL11 and CCL24 in serum and tissue are also known to have diagnostic value as serum tumor markers or prognostic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the degree of tissue eosinophilia and the expression of these chemokines in the glandular and stromal cells of colorectal neoplastic lesions ranging from benign to malignant tumors. Methods: We counted the number of infiltrating eosinophils in neoplastic lesion tissue and we evaluated the expression of CCL11 and CCL24 in glandular cells and stromal cells by immunohistochemical staining. Results: The results showed that the number of eosinophils decreased significantly and the expression of CCL11 and CCL24 in glandular cells decreased with tumor progression, whereas the stromal expression of CCL11 and CCL24 appeared to increase. Conclusions: The discrepancy in CCL11 and CCL24 expression between glandular cells and stromal cells might shed light on how colorectal cancer evades the immune system, which would enable further development of immunotherapies that target these chemokines. Further research on eosinophil biology and the expression pattern of chemokines in tumor cells is needed.
Selecting Cheap‐Talk Equilibria

There are typically multiple equilibrium outcomes in the Crawford-Sobel (CS) model of strategic information transmission. This paper identifies a simple condition on equilibrium payoffs, called NITS (no incentive to separate), that selects among CS equilibria. Under a commonly used regularity condition, only the equilibrium with the maximal number of induced actions satisfies NITS. We discuss various justifications for NITS, including perturbed cheap-talk games with nonstrategic players or costly lying. We also apply NITS to other models of cheap talk, illustrating its potential beyond the CS framework. Copyright The Econometric Society 2008.
Lung and Heart Allocation in the United States

Lung and heart allocation in the United States has evolved over the past 20–30 years to better serve transplant candidates and improve organ utilization. The current lung allocation policy, based on the Lung Allocation Score, attempts to take into account risk of death on the waiting list and chance of survival posttransplant. This policy is flexible and can be adjusted to improve the predictive ability of the score. Similarly, in response to the changing clinical phenotype of heart transplant candidates, heart allocation policies have evolved to a multitiered algorithm that attempts to prioritize organs to the most infirm, a designation that fluctuates with trends in therapy. The Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network and its committees have been responsive, as demonstrated by recent modifications to pediatric heart allocation and mechanical circulatory support policies and by ongoing efforts to ensure that heart allocation policies are equitable and current. Here we examine the development of US lung and heart allocation policy, evaluate the application of the current policy on clinical practice and explore future directions for lung and heart allocation.
How objective mechanisms facilitate the development of large software systems in three programming languages

ion The ability to abstract data types in terms of their functionality facilitates analytic modeling of a problem. Theoretical computer scientists who want to see proofs of correctness ga in the most immediate advantage from this; analytic modeling is also useful to programmers who can rest assured that if their algorithm is correct then its usage will produce predictable results. Abstraction promotes polymorphism by disregarding certain details of an object and simply working with it in the context of an operation. The capacity to work on polymorphic objects makes an abstract data type more general and more useful. The time spent writing the A DT becomes a more valuable investment. Abstracting an object in terms of its functionality allows decisions of how it will be implemented to be deferred. After sufficient information about the context in which the object will be used is available, the most suitable implementation can be chosen.
Full BRDF Reconstruction Using CNNs from Partial Photometric Stereo-Light Field Data

The acquisition of partial BRDF measurements using light field cameras and several illumination directions raises critical questions regarding the accuracy of inferences based on that data. Therefore, we attempt to verify the quality of the reconstruction of a full BRDF using partial input data. A dataset that provides a densely sampled BRDF was used, both in viewing and illumination directions. We show the reconstruction of dense BRDFs when the viewing angles are limited to top central regions, while the illumination angles are not reduced and are positioned in the shape of a half sphere around the material object, these properties are characteristic of data provided by plenoptic cameras paired with a photometric light dome. The partial reconstruction of the dense BRDF out of data is achieved by utilizing convolutional neural networks. We obtain a competitive full reconstruction when up to 2/3 of the BRDF is unknown.
Role of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in erythrocyte lysate-induced intracellular free calcium concentration elevation in cerebral smooth-muscle cells.

OBJECT Tyrosine kinases play an important role in the regulation of systemic vascular smooth-muscle tone. The authors studied the involvement of protein tyrosine kinase activity in erythrocyte lysate-mediated signal transduction in cerebral smooth-muscle cells. METHODS Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation and intracellular free Ca++ ([Ca++]i) were measured in rat aortic and basilar artery smooth-muscle cells by using Western blot and fura 2-acetoxymethyl ester microfluorimetry. Erythrocyte lysate enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation in cultured rat aortic and basilar smooth-muscle cells and induced a rapid transient and a prolonged plateau phase of [Ca++]i response in rat basilar smooth-muscle cells. The tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and tyrphostin A51 (administered at concentrations of 30 or 100 microM) attenuated both phases of erythrocyte lysate-induced [Ca++]i elevation. Erythrocyte lysate was separated into low- (<10 kD, which contains adenine nucleotides) and high- (>10 kD, which contains hemoglobin) molecular-weight fractions; these fractions were tested separately in these cells. The low-molecular-weight fraction produced a similar [Ca++]i response to that of erythrocyte lysate and the high-molecular-weight fraction produced a small response. The [Ca++]i responses from both fractions were inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report to show that tyrosine phosphorylation may be involved in erythrocyte lysate-induced signal transduction and [Ca++]i responses in cerebral smooth-muscle cells.
Arachidonic Acid Metabolite 19(S)-HETE Induces Vasorelaxation and Platelet Inhibition by Activating Prostacyclin (IP) Receptor

19(S)-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (19(S)-HETE) belongs to a family of arachidonic acid metabolites produced by cytochrome P450 enzymes, which play critical roles in the regulation of cardiovascular, renal and pulmonary functions. Although it has been known for a long time that 19(S)-HETE has vascular effects, its mechanism of action has remained unclear. In this study we show that 19(S)-HETE induces cAMP accumulation in the human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line MEG-01. This effect was concentration-dependent with an EC50 of 520 nM, insensitive to pharmacological inhibition of COX-1/2 and required the expression of the G-protein Gs. Systematic siRNA-mediated knock-down of each G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed in MEG-01 followed by functional analysis identified the prostacyclin receptor (IP) as the mediator of the effects of 19(S)-HETE, and the heterologously expressed IP receptor was also activated by 19(S)-HETE in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC50 of 567 nM. Pretreatment of isolated murine platelets with 19(S)-HETE blocked thrombin-induced platelets aggregation, an effect not seen in platelets from mice lacking the IP receptor. Furthermore, 19(S)-HETE was able to relax mouse mesenteric artery- and thoracic aorta-derived vessel segments. While pharmacological inhibition of COX-1/2 enzymes had no effect on the vasodilatory activity of 19(S)-HETE these effects were not observed in vessels from mice lacking the IP receptor. These results identify a novel mechanism of action for the CYP450-dependent arachidonic acid metabolite 19(S)-HETE and point to the existence of a broader spectrum of naturally occurring prostanoid receptor agonists.