Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coach Education and Continuing Professional Development: Experience and Learning to Coach

Research over the last decade has demonstrated that it is experience and the observation of other coaches that remain the primary sources of knowledge for coaches. Despite this, coach education and continuing professional development fail to draw effectively on this experience. Using the work of Pierre Bourdieu, this paper attempts to understand how the “art of coaching” can be characterized as structured improvisation and how experience is crucial to structuring coaching practice. An examination of current coach education and assessment demonstrates that coaching practice viewed as a composite of knowledge has not specifically addressed the pervasive influence of experience on coaching practice. Drawing on experiences from the educational field, we examine how coach education and continuing professional development can utilize mentoring and critical reflection to situate learning in the practical experience of coaching.
Equity of access to adult hospice inpatient care within north-west England

There is a growing debate about the question of equity of access to hospice and palliative care services. Even countries with relatively well developed palliative care systems are considered to have problems of access and inequity of provision. Despite these concerns, we still lack a relevant evidence base to serve as a guide to action. We present an analysis of access to adult hospice inpatient provision in the north-west region of England that employs Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Measures of the possible demand for, and supply of, hospice inpatient services are used to determine the potential accessibility of cancer patients, assessed at the level of small areas (electoral wards). Further, the use of deprivation scores permits an analysis of the equity of access to adult inpatient hospice care, leading to the identification of areas where additional service provision may be warranted. Our research is subject to a number of caveats–it is limited to inpatient hospice provision and does not include other kinds of inpatient and community-based palliative care services. Likewise, we recognise that not everyone with cancer will require palliative care and also that palliative care needs exist among those with nonmalignant conditions. Nevertheless, our methodology is one that can also be applied more generally.
A fundamental protein property, thermodynamic stability, revealed solely from large-scale measurements of protein function

The ability of a protein to carry out a given function results from fundamental physicochemical properties that include the protein’s structure, mechanism of action, and thermodynamic stability. Traditional approaches to study these properties have typically required the direct measurement of the property of interest, oftentimes a laborious undertaking. Although protein properties can be probed by mutagenesis, this approach has been limited by its low throughput. Recent technological developments have enabled the rapid quantification of a protein’s function, such as binding to a ligand, for numerous variants of that protein. Here, we measure the ability of 47,000 variants of a WW domain to bind to a peptide ligand and use these functional measurements to identify stabilizing mutations without directly assaying stability. Our approach is rooted in the well-established concept that protein function is closely related to stability. Protein function is generally reduced by destabilizing mutations, but this decrease can be rescued by stabilizing mutations. Based on this observation, we introduce partner potentiation, a metric that uses this rescue ability to identify stabilizing mutations, and identify 15 candidate stabilizing mutations in the WW domain. We tested six candidates by thermal denaturation and found two highly stabilizing mutations, one more stabilizing than any previously known mutation. Thus, physicochemical properties such as stability are latent within these large-scale protein functional data and can be revealed by systematic analysis. This approach should allow other protein properties to be discovered.
Building detection using directional spatial constraints

We propose an algorithm for automatic detection of buildings with complex shapes and roof structures in very high spatial resolution remotely sensed images. First, an initial oversegmentation is obtained. Then, candidate building regions are found using shadow and sun azimuth angle information. Finally, the building regions are selected by clustering the candidate regions using minimum spanning trees. The experiments on Ikonos scenes show that the algorithm is able to detect buildings with complex appearances and shapes.
Detecting synchronization in spatially extended discrete systems by complexity measurements

The synchronization of two stochastically coupled one-dimensional cellular automata (CA) is analyzed. It is shown that the transition to synchronization is characterized by a dramatic increase of the statistical complexity of the patterns generated by the difference automaton. This singular behavior is verified to be present in several CA rules displaying complex behavior.
Translation of Questionnaires Into Arabic in Cross-Cultural Research

Aims:To describe the translation process of nursing instruments into Arabic and discuss the equivalence issues arising from this process. Method: Review of the literature. Results: The Arabic language is essentially three different languages: Classical Arabic; Modern Standard Arabic (fuS-Ha or MSA); and colloquial Arabic (Lahja A’mmeya), which is itself divided into five different regional Arabic dialects. The Arabic fuS-Ha language is the dialect most widely used in the translation of instruments into Arabic. The literature reveals that only a few studies focused on the linguistic issues in the translation of instruments into Arabic. Brislin’s back-translation emerged as the most common method widely used by researchers in studies with Arabic-speaking subjects, but not the perfect one. Conclusion: Linguistic issues in nursing research have not been sufficiently described and discussed in the context of Arabic language and culture. Although there is no standard guideline for instrument translation, the combined translation model is the most recommended procedure to use in cross-cultural research. Linguistic differences between the source culture and the target Arabic culture should be taken into account. Finally, we recommend the use of the fuS-Ha dialect and trilingual translators in the translation of nursing instruments into Arabic.
Estimated Daily Intake and Seasonal Food Sources of Quercetin in Japan

Quercetin is a promising food component, which can prevent lifestyle related diseases. To understand the dietary intake of quercetin in the subjects of a population-based cohort study and in the Japanese population, we first determined the quercetin content in foods available in the market during June and July in or near a town in Hokkaido, Japan. Red leaf lettuce, asparagus, and onions contained high amounts of quercetin derivatives. We then estimated the daily quercetin intake by 570 residents aged 20–92 years old in the town using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The average and median quercetin intakes were 16.2 and 15.5 mg day−1, respectively. The quercetin intakes by men were lower than those by women; the quercetin intakes showed a low correlation with age in both men and women. The estimated quercetin intake was similar during summer and winter. Quercetin was mainly ingested from onions and green tea, both in summer and in winter. Vegetables, such as asparagus, green pepper, tomatoes, and red leaf lettuce, were good sources of quercetin in summer. Our results will help to elucidate the association between quercetin intake and risks of lifestyle-related diseases by further prospective cohort study and establish healthy dietary requirements with the consumption of more physiologically useful components from foods.
Alternative Avenues in the Assessment of Driving Capacities in Older Drivers and Implications for Training

The aging of the population, combined with the overrepresentation of older drivers in car crashes, has engendered a whole body of research destined at finding simple and efficient assessment methods of driving capacities. Such a search is destined to fail, given that car crashes and unsafe driving behaviors can result from myriad interacting factors. This review highlights the main problems of the current assessment methods and training programs and presents theoretical and empirical arguments justifying the need of reorienting the research focus. In our discussion, we elaborate the fundamental principle of specificity in learning and practice. We also identify overlooked variables that are deterministic when assessing and training a complex ability like driving. We especially focus on the role of the sensorimotor transformation process. Finally, we propose alternative methods of assessment and training that, in line with recent trends in education, use virtual reality and simulation technologies.
Early Retirement Behaviour in the Netherlands: Evidence From a Policy Reform

SummaryIn the early 1990s the Dutch labour unions and employer organisations agreed to transform the generous and actuarially unfair early retirement (ER) schemes into less generous and actuarially fair schemes that reward individuals for postponing retirement. The starting dates of these new ER programs varied by industry sector. In this study, we exploit this variation in starting dates to estimate the causal impact of the policy reform on early retirement behaviour. We use a large administrative dataset, the Dutch Income Panel 1989–2000, to estimate hazard rate models for the retirement age. We conclude that the policy reform has indeed induced workers to postpone retirement. Both the wealth effect (lower ER wealth) and the substitution effect (lower implicit taxes on retirement postponement) are significant, the latter being more substantial.
To twist or poke? A method for identifying usability issues with the rotary controller and touch screen for control of in-vehicle information systems

In-vehicle information systems (IVIS) can be controlled by the user via direct or indirect input devices. In order to develop the next generation of usable IVIS, designers need to be able to evaluate and understand the usability issues associated with these two input types. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a set of empirical usability evaluation methods for identifying important usability issues and distinguishing between the IVIS input devices. A number of usability issues were identified and their causal factors have been explored. These were related to the input type, the structure of the menu/tasks and hardware issues. In particular, the translation between inputs and on-screen actions and a lack of visual feedback for menu navigation resulted in lower levels of usability for the indirect device. This information will be useful in informing the design of new IVIS, with improved usability. Statement of Relevance: This paper examines the use of empirical methods for distinguishing between direct and indirect IVIS input devices and identifying usability issues. Results have shown that the characteristics of indirect input devices produce more serious usability issues, compared with direct devices and can have a negative effect on the driver–vehicle interaction.
Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire: Further evidence

Circadian types are related to many physiological, cognitive, and behavioral variables and, therefore, a need for a questionnaire in Farsi language to assess those preferences has emerged. The present study aimed at exploring psychometric properties of the reduced version of the Persian Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ). Participants were 268 students recruited from two different universities. Three questionnaires were used to investigate the additional validity data of the Persian version of the rMEQ: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The correlations between the rMEQ and the three other questionnaires were -0.45, 0.48, -0.41, respectively. Moreover, the factor analysis of the rMEQ resulted in a single-factor solution and the Cronbach’s a was 0.71. In sum, the Persian rMEQ seemed to be a reliable and valid instrument to differentiate circadian types. We suggest that future studies focus on test-retest reliability of the rMEQ and an analysis of its unidimensionality with other methods like Item-Response Theory (IRT).
‘Women Doing Friendship’: an analysis of women's leisure as a site of identity construction, empowerment and resistance

This paper examines the importance of leisure contexts as a crucial site of gendered identity construction. Revisiting the debate about the meaning of leisure for women, it is argued that leisure contexts, particularly those with other women, are important spaces for women to review their lives; assessing the balance of satisfactions and activities through contradictory discourses which involve both the ‘mirroring’ of similarities, and resistance to traditional feminine identities. ‘Women's talk’ as friendship is examined, both as a prime site of leisure and as a key mechanism through which feminine subjectivities are secured. Finally, it is suggested that in particular circumstances, women use humour to subvert sexist imagery. Shared humour between women in leisure contexts, can be a source of empowerment and resistance to gender stereotypes, the study of which, assists in illuminating the process of gender identity construction.
PARTIAL PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NADPH‐LINKED ALDEHYDE REDUCTASE FROM MONKEY BRAIN 1

Abstract— The activity of NADPH‐linked aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.2) in various regions of monkey brain was determined in vitro. The highest specific activity of the enzyme was found in areas of the brain stem; including the pons, medulla and midbrain. A greater than 500‐fold purification of the monkey brain enzyme was obtained by a combination of ammonium sulphate fractionation and subsequent chromatography on calcium phosphate gel cellulose and DEAE‐cellulose. The aldehyde metabolites of the biogenic amines, norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine and octopamine, were readily reduced by the NADPH‐linked aldehyde reductase. The Km values for 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde, 3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl‐acetaldehyde, and 5‐hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde were 12.0 μm, 6.1 μm and 27 μm, respectively. The maximum velocity (Vmax) for 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde was, respectively, five‐fold or three‐fold greater than that determined for 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde or 5‐hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde. The highly purified enzyme derived from monkey brain was markedly inhibited by barbiturates, diphenylhydantoin, and chlorpromazine, but not by pyrazole. From data obtained by sucrose density gradient centrifugation and Sephadex chromatography the molecular weight of aldehyde reductase was determined to be about 70,000 daltons.
Asthma management at discharge from the emergency department: a descriptive study.

BACKGROUND The management of asthma remains suboptimal despite the publication of Canadian asthma guidelines in 1999. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS A descriptive study was conducted to estimate the proportion of patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) for an asthma exacerbation who received a management plan at discharge that was in accordance with seven criteria stated in the Canadian asthma guidelines. The present study took place in two tertiary care hospitals in Montreal, Quebec. RESULTS A total of 37 patients were enrolled. Three (8%) patients received a management plan at discharge that was in accordance with all seven criteria. Inhaled corticosteroids and oral corticosteroids were prescribed at discharge for 29 (78%) and 35 (95%) patients, respectively. Minimal asthma education was provided for 29 (78%) patients and a medical follow-up was recommended to 22 (60%) patients. Airflow obstruction was evaluated at discharge for only 20 (54%) patients. CONCLUSION Overall, asthma management at discharge from the ED was generally not in accordance with the 1999 Canadian asthma guidelines. A standardized management plan should be implemented in the ED to improve the care of patients with asthma exacerbations.
Saliva - A Potential Diagnostic Tool

Saliva an important physiologic fluid, containing a highly complex mixture of substances is rapidly gaining popularity as a diagnostic tool. Saliva in the mouth forms a thin film, the velocity of which varies greatly at different sites and thus protects against dental caries, erosion, attrition, abrasion, periodontal diseases, candidiasis and the abrasive mucosal lesions. Early diagnosis and management of oral diseases reduces the severity and possible complications of the disease process. The use of saliva has provided a substantial addition to the diagnostic armamentarium as an investigative tool for disease processes and disorders. Its advantages as a diagnostic tool include its ease of procurement and the positive correlation between many parameters in the serum.
Neurobiología del Estrés Agudo y Crónico: Su Efecto en el Eje Hipotálamo-Hipófisis-Adrenal y la Memoria.

Extensive literature has been published about stress and its effects. This paper will focus on how stress hormones interact with different brain areas, including limbic structures and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. We will discuss how repetitive stress modifies those areas, mainly by the effect on its two types of nuclear receptors, changing the basal activity of the amygdala, hippocampus and the medial prefrontal cortex, resulting in an increased hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis function and impairing cognitive functions like memory. The exact mechanism by which these effects are produced is poorly understood. Future research will link how the the cellular and molecular changes described might affect a behavior.
DETERMINANTS AND STRATEGIES FOR THE ALTERNATE FOOT PLACEMENT

Undesirable landing area (e.g., a hole, a fragment of glass, a water puddle, etc) creates the necessity for an alternate foot placement planning and execution. Previous study has proposed that three determinants are used by the central nervous system (CNS) for planning an alternate foot placement: minimum foot displacement, stability and maintenance of forward progression. However, validation of these determinants is lacking. Therefore, the general purpose of the series of studies presented here is to validate and test the generality of the decision algorithm of alternate foot placement selection developed previously. The first study was designed to validate the use of a virtual planar obstacle paradigm and the economy assumption behind minimum foot displacement determinant. Participants performed two blocks of trials. In one block, they were instructed to avoid stepping in a virtual planar obstacle projected in the screen of a LCD monitor embedded in the ground. In another block, they were instructed to avoid stepping in a real hole present in walkway. Behavioral response was unaffected by the presence of a real hole. In addition, it was suggested that minimum foot displacement results in minimum changes in EMG activity which validates the economy determinant. The second study was proposed to validate the stability determinant. Participants performed an avoidance task under two conditions: free and forced. In the free condition participants freely chose where to land in order to avoid stepping in a virtual obstacle. In the forced condition, a green arrow was projected over the obstacle indicating the direction of the alternate foot placement. The data from the free condition was used to determine the preferred alternate foot placement whereas the data from the forced condition was used to assess whole body stability. It was found that long and lateral foot placements are preferred because they result in a more stable behavior. The third study was designed to validate the alternate foot placement model in a more complex terrain. Participants were required to avoid stepping in two virtual planar obstacles placed in sequence. It was found that participants used the strategy of planning the avoidance movement globally and additional determinants were used. One of the additional determinants was implementation feasibility. In the third study, gaze behavior was also monitored and two behaviors emerged from this data. One sub-group of participants fixated on the area stepped during adaptive step, whereas another sub-group anchor their gaze in a spot ahead of the area-to-be avoided and used peripheral vision for controlling foot landing. In summary, this thesis validates the three determinants for the alternate foot placement planning model and extends the previous model to more complex terrains.
Interactions with a photonic crystal micro-cavity using AFM in contact or tapping mode operation

In this paper we show how the evanescent field of a localized mode in a photonic crystal micro-cavity can be perturbed by a nano-sized AFM tip. Due to the high field intensities in the cavity, we can see a significant change in output power when the tip is brought into the evanescent field in either contact or tapping mode operation. We find a 4 dB modulation, when using a $Si_{3}N_{4}$ tip and we show that the transmittance can be tuned from 0.32 to 0.8 by varying the average tapping height.
Information Reduction—More than meets the eye?

Information Reduction, a performance-enhancing cognitive strategy which develops with practice, is thought to be consciously and abruptly adopted and then applied consistently. Previous investigations used an Alphabet Verification Task where one observation was that not everyone adopts the strategy, but reasons for this are unclear. We demonstrated Information Reduction in three other tasks, confirming that it is not task-specific. Post-testing questionnaires probed verbally expressible knowledge, to gauge conscious awareness of any strategy. Overall, results indicate considerable variation in Information Reduction usage: Some individuals discovered and used the strategy and could verbally express this, others chose not to use it and some appeared to use it without awareness of doing so. Results also indicate that Information Reduction is not consistently applied, suggesting it is less robust than has been proposed. Our results may be better explained by a theory of practice learning which incorporates both data-driven automaticity and top-down controlled processes.
Performance Orientation and Injury Among Military Cadets: The Mediating Role of Disinhibition

This study examined the mediating role of disinhibition (sensation seeking) on the positive association between performance goal orientation (achievement motivation) and risk of sustaining injury. Our study comprised 248 cadets from three military academies. In support of our hypotheses, we found a positive relationship between performance goal orientation and risk of sustaining injury and that this relationship was mediated by disinhibition. This finding contributes to the extant achievement goal theory literature by demonstrating a mechanism through which performance orientation relates to the likelihood of sustaining an injury. Theoretical and practical implications and directions for future research are discussed.