Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in the treatment and outcome of acute myocardial infarction. Results from the Myocardial Infarction Triage and Intervention Registry.

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to compare treatment and outcome of acute myocardial infarction in women and men. METHODS In this survey, patient hospital records were reviewed, and information about patient characteristics, treatments, and hospital events was entered in the Myocardial Infarction Triage and Intervention Registry. Between January 1988 and June 1990, a total of 4891 consecutive patients, including 1659 women, were hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction in 19 hospitals in the Seattle (Wash) metropolitan area. In-hospital thrombolytic therapy, coronary angiography, angioplasty, and bypass surgery were examined, as were in-hospital complications and death. RESULTS Women were older and more often had histories previous hypertension and previous congestive heart failure. Thrombolytic therapy was used less often in women, although information about eligibility for treatment was not available to determine if this difference was due to treatment bias or differences in eligibility. Both coronary angiography and coronary angioplasty were used less frequently in women. However, of patients who had coronary angiography, equal proportions of women and men received angioplasty and/or coronary bypass surgery. Hospital mortality was 16% for women and 11% for men, although this difference was diminished by age adjustment. Mortality was higher in women undergoing bypass surgery, but this difference, too, was less apparent after age adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Despite high levels of risk factors and mortality, coronary angiography and angioplasty were used less often in women, although among those who underwent coronary angiography, there were no gender differences in the use of angioplasty or bypass surgery. Clearly, more needs to be known about decision making for coronary angiography, as this process seems to differ for women and men with acute myocardial infarction.
Spatio-temporal visual analysis for event-specific tweets

Twitter is one of the most popular social networks where people use to tweet about their opinions, feelings, desires, . etc. One of the most important and consistent behaviors of Twitter users is posting a plethora of tweets about events of different types, e.g., Oscars celebration, soccer games, and natural disasters. For such kind of event-specific tweets, geotagged tweets grab the biggest attention because all events by nature have a spatial extent. For example, while Boston Marathon explosions were going on, in April 2013, users rush to Twitter seeking tweets from the marathon location. Thus, within a large project called Taghreed for comprehensive real-time and offline analysis and visualization for Twitter data (see www.gistic.org/taghreed), we are working on a module that aims to semi-automate the task of visually analyzing event-specific tweets, for arbitrary events, over the spatial and temporal dimensions. In this poster, we present our on-going work on this module and discuss three of its use cases. We also discuss our future plans to extend the module for larger data sizes and make it interactive while the events are going-on.
Helical propulsion in shear-thinning fluids

Swimming micro-organisms often have to propel themselves in complex non-Newtonian fluids. We carry out experiments with self-propelling helical swimmers driven by an externally rotating magnetic field in shear-thinning inelastic fluids. Similarly to swimming in a Newtonian fluid, we obtain for each fluid a locomotion speed that scales linearly with the rotation frequency of the swimmer, but with a prefactor that depends on the power index of the fluid. The fluid is seen to always increase the swimming speed of the helix, up to 50 % faster, and thus the strongest of such type reported to date. The maximum relative increase is for a fluid power index of approximately 0.6. Using simple scalings, we argue that the speed increase is not due directly to the local decrease of the flow viscosity around the helical filament, but hypothesise instead that it originates from confinement-like effect due to viscosity stratification around the swimmer.
Expression of steroid receptor coactivators and corepressors in human endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma with relevance to steroid receptors and Ki‐67 expression

To examine the steroid hormone dependent growth mechanism of human endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma, expression levels of steroid receptor cofactors, such as coactivators (steroid receptor coactivator 1 [SRC‐1] and p300/cyclic AMP‐response element‐binding protein (p300/CBP]) and corepressors (nuclear receptor corepressor [NCoR] and silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid‐hormone receptors [SMRT]), were investigated.
Will binary XML speed network traffic?

XML has become integral to many critical enterprise technologies because of its ability to enable data interoperability between applications on different platforms. XML use is thus increasing rapidly. XML is so important that the industry is looking for ways to make its data load more manageable. XML currently uses only a plain-text format. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which oversees and manages XML's development as a standard, and Sun Microsystems are working on binary XML formats. Some industry observers have expressed concern that multiple formats or proprietary implementations of binary XML could lead to incompatible versions, which would reduce the openness that makes the technology valuable. Because binary XML is suitable when network efficiency is important, users might decide to work with it only for high-volume applications that demand the best performance like financial transactions.
Does Option Trading Convey Stock Price Information?

After executing option orders, options market makers turn to the stock market to hedge away the underlying stock exposure. As a result, the stock exposure imbalance in option transactions translates into an imbalance in stock transactions. This paper decomposes the total stock order imbalance into an imbalance induced by option transactions and an imbalance independent of options. The analysis shows that the option-induced imbalance significantly predicts future stock returns in the cross section controlling for the past stock and options returns, but the imbalance independent of options has only a transitory price impact. Further investigation suggests that options order flow contains important information about the underlying stock value.
The Economics and Econometrics of Damage Control

Concern for the potentially harmful side effects of agricultural chemical inputs, especially pesticides, highlights the need to accurately determine the economic levels of their use. We consider three model specification issues: interaction of direct production inputs with damage control inputs in damage abatement, justification for a priori exclusion of production inputs from the abatement function, and the motivations and consequences of alternative stochastic specifications. Empirical analysis using farm-level data shows that misspecification of the stochastic element in the production function can overestimate the marginal physical productivity of pesticides and grossly underestimate the responsiveness of demand to increases in pesticide prices. Copyright 1997, Oxford University Press.
NHS pay determination and work re‐organisation: Employment relations reform in NHS Trusts

Examines the reform of NHS employment practices focusing on managerial attempts to alter pay and working practices within NHS Trusts. It draws on case study evidence to illustrate the difficulties that have confronted managers in making radical changes in employment practices. It is argued that, despite important changes in working practices, the possibilities for a more strategic approach towards the management of staff in the NHS remains heavily constrained by central government intervention which reduces management autonomy at Trust level. After considering the implications for NHS employment practices of the NHS reforms, case study evidence from an acute trust hospital of pay determination and work organisation reform is assessed. Concludes by placing these findings in a wider context, including the prospects for employment practice reform under a Labour government.
What Do We Know About the New European Works Councils? Some Preliminary Evidence from Britain

EU legislation mandating European Works Councils (EWCs) was enacted in 1994. Although much descriptive information on the content of EWC agreements exists, little is known of the determinants and impact of these new institutional arrangements. In the present treatment, we exploit a question on EWC status in the 1998 Workplace Employee Relations Survey to provide the first econometric investigation of the determinants of (largely) voluntary transnational councils and their potential effect on establishment performance and employee attitudes. Many of the sharper criticisms of EWCs are not substantiated in the data, even if the benefits appear muted.
Kinetic characterization of Methanobacterium bryantii M.o.H.

H2 is a key electron donor for many anaerobic microorganisms; thus, keen competition for H2 occurs among H2-utilizing microbial groups. Monod kinetic parameters provide essential information for kinetic analysis of competition for H2. In this study, we estimated Monod kinetic parameter values for a methanogen that consumes only H2 as its electron donor, Methanobacterium bryantii M.o. H. Utilization of a single electron donor is an advantage in this study, because complications from alternate metabolic pathways are avoided. Using a set of batch experiments designed to provide the best estimates of each parameter, we obtained these values: maximum specific growth rate (mumax) = 0.77/ day, maximum substrate consumption rate (qmax) = 2.36 mol-H2/gcells/day, true yield (Y) = 0.325 gcell/mol H2, fraction of donor electrons to synthesis (fs degrees) = 0.03 e-cell/e- donor, half-maximum-rate substrate concentration (Ks) = 18 000 nM = 18 microM H2, and endogenous decay rate (b) = 0.088/ day. This self-consistent set of parameters indicates that, when H2 is not limiting, M. bryantii M.o. H. is a slow grower (low mumax) compared to other H2-oxidizing methanogens and sulfate reducers, and this is mainly due to its low true Y, not a low qmax. The relatively high Ks and b values suggest that M. bryantii also may not be a strong competitor when H2 is limiting.
Occupational health and safety of temporary and agency workers

Previous quantitative studies have established a link between precarious work and occupational health and safety (OHS). Using an ethnographically informed qualitative approach, this article investigates the workplace experiences of different types of precarious workers, in particular those who are directly-employed temporary workers and those who are engaged through an agency. Drawing on the work of Andrew Hopkins, the article finds cultural practices that lead to worsened OHS experiences for those who are engaged through an agency. These experiences include inadequate safety training, poor quality personal protective equipment and a lack of clarity of supervisory roles.
On Offline Payments with Bitcoin

Bitcoin [2] is a decentralized digital currency which relies neither on banks nor on any other central authority for issuing of coins or transaction verification. Currently, Bitcoin experiences enormous success driven by large interest from users, politics, but also by speculation. Particularly, despite being conjured to be a giant bubble, the value of a bitcoin increased from USD $5 in May 2012 to temporarily over USD $1,200 in December, and fluctuating between USD 500$ and USD 800$ since then. According to coinmap.org, as of February 2014 there are at least over 3000 shops, hotels, bars or even medical practices worldwide that accept local Bitcoin payments. This is an increase of 2000 locations over the last 3 month and not including online-shops or online-services. The two most important challenges of digital cash, explicit and undeniable ownership of coins and double-spending prevention, are addressed in Bitcoin by means of asymmetric cryptography and a distributed time-stamping service based on proof-of-work (PoW). Users of the Bitcoin network own addresses in form of asymmetric key pairs. To spend bitcoins, a user issues a transaction that, amongst others, includes a signature of the sender, the amount and the address (public key) of the receiver. All transactions are committed to the Bitcoin network and recorded in a public transaction history known as the blockchain. Building the blockchain requires solving cryptographic puzzles which is computationally hard to perform, but easy to verify. Special Bitcoin clients, called miners, are working on integration of new transactions into the blockchain, and get awarded with bitcoins as soon as they discover a new valid block. Regular Bitcoin clients can track the transaction history to ensure that the bitcoin they are going to receive has never been spent before. An important characteristic of the Bitcoin system is that clients require online access to the blockchain for a certain amount of time to be able to verify any transaction. However, these requirements render Bitcoin not suitable for offline payment scenarios, where neither the sender nor the receiver have connection to the Bitcoin network. Furthermore, immediate payments with Bitcoin, where transactions have to be accepted or rejected immediately, are insecure [1] even in online settings.
Non-cholinergic functions of acetylcholinesterase.

24 Schalk, I. , Ehret-Sabatier, I,. , Houet, F. , Goeldner, M. and Hirth, C. (1994) Eur. J. Hiochem. 219, 155-159 2.5 Harel, M. , Sussman, J. I,. , Krejci, E. > Hon, S. , Chanal. P., Massoulie, J. and Silman. I. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. LJSA. 89, 108271083 1 26 Eichler, J. Anselmet, A,, Sussman, J. I,. Massoulie, J. and Silman, 1. (1994) Mol. Pharmacol. 45, 335-340 27 Kadic, Z. I’ickering, N. , Vellom, L). C. Camp, S. and Taylor, 1’. (1993) Hiochemistry 32, 12074-12084 28 Hurley, S. K. and I’etsko, G. A. (1985) Science 229, 23-28 903 1-903.5 29 Levitt, M. and I’erutz, M. F. (1988) J. Mol. Hiol. 201,
A GaN Pulse Width Modulation Integrated Circuit for GaN Power Converters

We report the first gallium nitride (GaN)-based pulse width modulation (PWM) integrated circuit (IC) featuring monolithically integrated enhancement- and depletion-mode high electron mobility transistors and lateral field-effect rectifiers on the GaN smart power technology platform. The PWM IC is able to generate 1-MHz PWM signal with its duty cycle modulated effectively by a reference voltage (Vc) over a wide range with good linearity. It features a 5 V supply voltage and is composed of a sawtooth generator and a comparator, both of which can be operated at 1 MHz and exhibit proper functionality over a wide temperature range (from 25 °C to 250 °C). This circuit demonstration further proves the feasibility of an all-GaN solution that features monolithically integrated peripheral gate control circuits and power switches for GaN power converters. An all-GaN solution would lead to a compact system with improved efficiency and enhanced reliability.
Microvesicles of Women With Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia Affect Human Trophoblast Fate and Endothelial Function

Microvesicles shedding from cell membrane affect inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. We hypothesize that microvesicles of women with gestational vascular complications reflect pathophysiological state of the patients and affect their endothelial and trophoblast cell function. Microvesicles of healthy pregnant women, women with gestational hypertension, mild, or severe preeclampsia/toxemia, were characterized, and their effects on early-stage or term trophoblasts and endothelial cells were evaluated using apoptosis, migration, and tube formation assays. Patient subgroups differed significantly only in proteinuria levels, therefore their microvesicles were assessed as 1 group, demonstrating higher levels of inflammatory and angiogenic proteins compared with those of healthy pregnant women. In endothelial cells, microvesicles of healthy pregnant women reduced caspase 3/7 activity, increased migration, and induced tube formation. These processes were suppressed by microvesicles of women with gestational vascular complications. In early-stage trophoblasts, microvesicles of healthy pregnant women decreased apoptosis compared with untreated cells (6±5% versus 13.8±5.8%; P<0.001) and caspase 3/7 activity and induced higher migration (39.7±10.1 versus 20.3±8.3 mm2; P<0.001). This effect was mediated through extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. Conversely, microvesicles of women with gestational vascular complications increased term trophoblast apoptosis compared with cells exposed to microvesicles of healthy pregnant women (15.1±3.3% versus 6.5±2.1%; P<0.001) and inhibited early-stage trophoblasts migration (21.4±18.5 versus 39.7±10.1 mm2; P<0.001). In conclusion, microvesicle content and effects on endothelial and trophoblast cells vary according to the physiological/pathological state of a pregnant woman. Microvesicles seem to play a pivotal role in the course of pregnancy, which could potentially result in gestational vascular complications.
Adaptive MIMO Multichannel Beamforming with Cochannel Interference and Noise: Algorithm and Performance Analysis

We propose a novel low-complexity adaptive transmission scheme for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) multichannel beamforming systems in the presence of cochannel interference. By measuring and exploiting the characteristics of the cochannel interference, the proposed adaptive algorithm jointly selects the active eigenmodes, the power allocation, and the modulation formats by utilizing a set of eigenvalue-based thresholds to maximize the spectral efficiency while meeting a target bit-error-rate (BER) constraint. We analyze the performance of the proposed scheme by deriving tractable expressions for the suspension probability and the error-free rate and demonstrate significant performance gains with respect to prior adaptive systems.
A quick dynamic torque control for direct torque control hysterisis-based induction machines

This paper presents a simple dynamic over modulation method to obtain a quick dynamic torque response in DTC hysteresis-based system. The fastest dynamic torque response is achieved through the proposed dynamic over modulation method by applying only single appropriate voltage vector that produces the largest tangential flux component during transient condition. In this way, the flux error status produced from the flux hysteresis comparator is modified before it is being fed into the look-up table in order to perform the dynamic over modulation mode. The effectiveness of the proposed dynamic over modulation to obtain the fastest torque response is described with some simulation results given.
Dominant negative factors in health and disease

The idea of dominant mutations that interfere with the activity of a normal gene product has been known for more than 80 years—the famous Muller's antimorphs. However, only over half a century later, the mechanistic bases of dominant negative mutations (DNMs) were defined in a systematic way by Ira Herskowitz. Most analyses of DNMs consider only intralocus (interallelic) interactions. The typical textbook explanation invokes a defective subunit, which poisons a homo‐dimer or a homo‐oligomer. More complex cases exist and the quantitative dimension of this phenomenon will be explored here. The basic ideas underlying DN effects can be (and should be) extended to included epistatic (interloci) interactions. Indeed, poisoning heteromeric macromolecular complexes is per se a matter of ‘transdominant’ negative effects. In this context, non‐allelic non‐complementation is also considered. Given the importance of DNMs in human disease and in the study of gene function, understanding how they work is essential for understanding pathology and for the design of effective DN molecules that can also prove useful in therapeutics. Finally, the existence and potential relevance of an increasing number of physiological DN protein isoforms is briefly discussed. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Islam and Physical Activity: Implications for American Sport and Physical Educators

T he chapter on physical activity and fitness in Healthy People 2010 (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2000) contains data that demonstrate disparities in physical activity (PA), based upon gender, race, and ethnicity, in youth and adult populations. Missing from the data is PA as a function of people's religion, which has been theoretically posited (Kahan, 2002) and empirically demonstrated (e.g.,Merrill &Thygerson, 2001) as contributing to PA disparity within and between religions. In the wake of the events that occurred on September 11, 2001, members of the American educational system have demonstrated a more intense interest in Islam and Muslims (Brown, 2001). Survey-based estimates of the Muslim population in America are in dispute and vary from 1.1 million (Kosmin & Mayer, 2001), to 1.4 million (Smith, 2002), to 6 to 7 million (Bagby, Perl, & Froehle, 2001). Although adherents of minority religions may constitute only 3.7 percent of the United States population (Kosmin & Mayer, 2001), addressing the American Muslim population in the context of physical education and sport is important for four reasons. First, according to survey data, the Muslim population doubled from 1990 to 2000, making it the fastest growing religion in the United States (Kosmin & Mayer, 2001). Second, orthodox Muslim children, who require special understanding and accommodations
Social security for the excluded majority : case studies of developing countries

This volume examines the problem of exclusion from social security for the majority of workers in developing countries, and explores ways in which governments and organizations at national and local levels can work together to create social security policies that protect everyone. A series of case studies looks closely at the workings of self-financed schemes for informal workers, and from these the best are highlighted. The authors then evaluate various approaches to the extension of formal sector social insurance to informal sector workers, including the self-employed, and also explore how social assistance programmes, although often needing sophisticated administration, can help ensure that benefits reach the population most in need.