Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
L'organisation du travail à l'épreuve des risques psychosociaux.

Resume : Les risques psychosociaux auxquels sont exposes certains salaries sont susceptibles de degrader leur sante physique et mentale. L'enquete Sumer de 2010 permet de reperer les situations de travail qui accroissent ces risques, comme la tension au travail (job strain) ou le manque de reconnaissance. Les salaries qui exercent des fonctions d'executants sont davantage exposes aux risques psychosociaux que les autres. Le job strain concerne plus les femmes en raison d'une plus faible autonomie dans le travail et de marges de manoeuvre reduites. Les hommes qui exercent des fonctions occupees majoritairement par des femmes sont plus touches par le manque de reconnaissance de leur travail. La fonction publique hospitaliere s'avere particulierement concernee par les risques psychosociaux. Les modes d'organisation du travail, comme les contraintes de rythme, influencent le risque d'exposition aux facteurs psychosociaux. Ces derniers sont fortement lies a l'impossibilite de faire correctement son travail par manque d'information, de cooperation et de moyens. Travailler en contact direct avec le public est en revanche un facteur protecteur, a condition qu'il n'y ait pas de tension avec le public. Les salaries les plus exposes au job strain ou au manque de reconnaissance se declarent en moins bonne sante que les autres et sont plus souvent concernes par des symptomes depressifs et anxieux. Les risques psychosociaux augmentent aussi le risque d'accident du travail et d'absenteisme, notamment pour les hommes qui declarent un manque de reconnaissance. [resume revue]
Online learning in neural decoding using incremental linear discriminant analysis

Neural decoding focuses on predicting behavior variables based on neural activities. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) has been successfully used in pattern recognition and machine learning to find the set of discriminant vectors to characterize two or more classes of objects. However, LDA cannot be directly used for real-time neural decoding problems. In this paper, we propose an incremental LDA with online learning method to overcome this limitation. The dataflow techniques are implemented in the LIDE (LIghtweight Dataflow Environment), which provides capabilities to systematically optimize and integrate embedded software components for signal and information processing. Using these techniques along with online learning, an efficient real-time neural decoding system can be attained.
Representação gráfica para propriedade intelectual : panorama e benefícios no ensino de design no Brasil

Use of graphical representations by design professionals and students has an important role at all project stages, from the idea generation to the disclosure of the finished work. However, a particular representation technique remains little explored and disseminated, even with its intrinsic legal benefits: the illustration for intellectual property (IP). This paper addresses the theoretical and practical aspects of using graphical representations for the registration of brands, patents and industrial designs, and observes the curriculum of 87 design higher education institutions in Brazil. Survey showed that most graduate courses do not offers disciplines that deal exclusively with IP and that the disclosure of these practices is still incipient in the country. Finally, the paper shows how IP registry can assist the professional career, the promoting of educational institutions as well as the expansion of Brazil’s innovation potential, resulting in improvements for society.
Fully Distributed Approach for Energy Saving in Heterogeneous Networks

In this paper, we study the problem of energy consumption in Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets). With the billions of connected users, the use of HetNets is one of the promising solutions for future cellular technologies as they can handle high network capacity. The aim of this work is to study and improve the energy efficiency in HetNets. The underlying idea is to perform the energy saving process on a fully distributed manner without the need to know the global network state or to exchange messages. We first express the optimization problem where the optimal cell range expansion bias must be found to maximize the energy efficiency. Seen that the problem is NP- hard, we introduce a learning approach based on Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) allowing the operating cells to learn, through multiple iterations, the best expansion bias to use.
Foxf2: A Novel Locus for Anterior Segment Dysgenesis Adjacent to the Foxc1 Gene

Anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) is characterised by an abnormal migration of neural crest cells or an aberrant differentiation of the mesenchymal cells during the formation of the eye's anterior segment. These abnormalities result in multiple tissue defects affecting the iris, cornea and drainage structures of the iridocorneal angle including the ciliary body, trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal. In some cases, abnormal ASD development leads to glaucoma, which is usually associated with increased intraocular pressure. Haploinsufficiency through mutation or chromosomal deletion of the human FOXC1 transcription factor gene or duplications of the 6p25 region is associated with a spectrum of ocular abnormalities including ASD. However, mapping data and phenotype analysis of human deletions suggests that an additional locus for this condition may be present in the same chromosomal region as FOXC1. DHPLC screening of ENU mutagenised mouse archival tissue revealed five novel mouse Foxf2 mutations. Re-derivation of one of these (the Foxf2 W174R mouse lineage) resulted in heterozygote mice that exhibited thinning of the iris stroma, hyperplasia of the trabecular meshwork, small or absent Schlemm's canal and a reduction in the iridocorneal angle. Homozygous E18.5 mice showed absence of ciliary body projections, demonstrating a critical role for Foxf2 in the developing eye. These data provide evidence that the Foxf2 gene, separated from Foxc1 by less than 70 kb of genomic sequence (250 kb in human DNA), may explain human abnormalities in some cases of ASD where FOXC1 has been excluded genetically.
1 Combining a logical and an analogical framework for route generation and description

Route generation is an ideal subject for studying the interactions of spatial and temporal reasoning in a practical setting. Starting from a cognitive study of pedestrian route descriptions in urban environments generated by human subjects, we identified the main requirements for a knowledgebased-system that would generate and describe routes in a cognitively plausible way. In this paper we present the main characteristics of the GRAAD system which provides an integrated logical and analogical framework for reasoning about space and time when generating and describing the routes of a virtual pedestrian (VP) in a virtual urban environment. The analogical framework is based on the notion of spatial conceptual map (SCM) which is used to specify a spatial environment composed of landmark objects and medium objects (streets, avenues, etc.) and to simulate the displacements of VP in that environment. A module uses this analogical framework to generate candidate paths between any two positions located on medium objects of the SCM. The logical framework is based on a possible worlds approach used to carry out temporal reasoning and to generate plans that are used to compute VP’s displacements in the SCM and to generate natural language descriptions of these displacements. These descriptions are cognitively plausible because the SCM’s medium objects are partitioned into areas which can be directly described using verbal expressions similar to those used by people when describing routes.
Objective Quality Prediction of Image Retargeting Algorithms

Quality assessment of image retargeting results is useful when comparing different methods. However, performing the necessary user studies is a long, cumbersome process. In this paper, we propose a simple yet efficient objective quality assessment method based on five key factors: i) preservation of salient regions; ii) analysis of the influence of artifacts; iii) preservation of the global structure of the image; iv) compliance with well-established aesthetics rules; and v) preservation of symmetry. Experiments on the RetargetMe benchmark, as well as a comprehensive additional user study, demonstrate that our proposed objective quality assessment method outperforms other existing metrics, while correlating better with human judgements. This makes our metric a good predictor of subjective preference.
Association of a Common Variant at 10q26 and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Aggressiveness in Han Chinese Descent

Recent studies reported that rs2252004 at 10q26 was significantly associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk in a Japanese population and was subsequently confirmed in a Chinese population. We aimed to assess the relationship between this locus and risk/aggressiveness of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The current study included 426 BPH cases and 1,008 controls from Xinhua Hospital in Shanghai, China. All BPH patients were treated with α-adrenergic blockers and 5α-reductase inhibitors for at least 9 months. Associations between rs2252004 and BPH risk/aggressiveness were tested using logistic regression. Associations between rs2252004 and clinical parameters including International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), total prostate volume (TPV), total PSA (tPSA), and free PSA (fPSA) were evaluated by linear regression. Allele “A” in rs2252004 was significantly associated with increased risk for aggressiveness of BPH in a Chinese population (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.04–1.96, P = 0.03). Patients with the genotype “A/A” (homozygous minor allele) had an increase of IPSS and TPV after treatment (P = 0.045 and 0.024, resp.). No association was observed between rs2252004, BPH risk, and baseline clinicopathological traits (All P > 0.05). Our study is the first to show that rs2252004 at 10q26 was associated with BPH aggressiveness and efficacy of BPH treatment.
Methylation of HPV18, HPV31, and HPV45 genomes and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3.

BACKGROUND Persistent infections with carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) types are the necessary cause of cervical cancer. We recently demonstrated that the HPV16 genome is strongly methylated in cervical precancer compared with transient infections. However, the extent of methylation in other HPV types and its role in progression to cancer is poorly understood. METHODS We analyzed whole-genome methylation patterns of the three next most carcinogenic HPV genotypes: HPV31 (closely related to HPV16), and two other closely related types, HPV18 and HPV45. DNA was extracted from cervical cytology specimens from 92 women with precancer and 96 women infected with HPV31, HPV18, or HPV45, but who had no cytological or histological abnormalities. After bisulfite modification, genome-wide pyrosequencing was performed covering 80-106 sites. We calculated differences in median methylation, odds ratios, areas under the curve, and Spearman rank correlation coefficients for methylation levels between different sites. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS For all three HPV types, we observed strongly elevated methylation levels at multiple CpG sites in the E2, L2, and L1 regions among women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 compared with women with transient infections. We observed high correlation of methylation patterns between phylogenetically related types. The highest areas under the curve were 0.81 for HPV31, 0.85 for HPV18, and 0.98 for HPV45. Differential methylation patterns in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 patients with multiple infections suggest that methylation can clarify which of the infections is causal. CONCLUSIONS Carcinogenic HPV DNA methylation indicates transforming HPV infections. Our findings show that methylation of carcinogenic HPV types is a general phenomenon that warrants development of diagnostic assays.
Rethinking Priorities: Cost of Complications After Elective Colectomy

Objective: To compare incremental costs associated with complications of elective colectomy using nationally representative data among patients undergoing laparoscopic/open resections for the 4 most frequent diagnoses. Summary Background Data: Rising healthcare costs have led to increasing focus on the need to achieve a better understanding of the association between costs and quality. Among elective colectomies, a focus of surgical quality-improvement initiatives, interpretable evidence to support existing approaches is lacking. Methods: The 2009 to 2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) data were queried for adult (≥18 years) patients undergoing elective colectomy. Patients with primary diagnoses for colon cancer, diverticular disease, benign colonic neoplasm, and ulcerative colitis/regional enteritis were included. Based on system-based complications considered relevant to long-term treatment of elective colectomy, stratified differences in risk-adjusted incremental hospital costs and complications probabilities were compared. Results: A total of 68,462 patients were included, weighted to represent 337,887 patients nationwide. A total of 16.4% experienced complications. Annual risk-adjusted incremental costs amounted to >$150 million. Magnitudes of complication prevalences/costs varied by primary diagnosis, operative technique, and complication group. Infectious complications contributed the most ($55 million), followed by gastrointestinal ($53 million), pulmonary ($22 million), and cardiovascular ($11 million) complications. Total annual costs for elective colectomies amounted to >$1.7 billion: 11.3% was due to complications [1.9% due to current Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) complications]. Conclusions: The results highlight a need to consider the varied/broad impact of complications, offering a stratified paradigm for priority setting in surgery. As we move forward in the development of novel/adaptation of existing interventions, it will be essential to weigh the cost of complications in an evidence-based way.
Macular Pigment and Its Contribution to Vision

Three dietary carotenoids, lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z) and meso-zeaxanthin (MZ) accumulate at the central retina (macula), where they are collectively referred to as macular pigment (MP). MP’s pre-receptoral absorption of blue light and consequential attenuation of the effects of chromatic aberration and light scatter are important for optimal visual function. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of MP’s constituent carotenoids and the same blue light-filtering properties underlie the rationale for its putative protective role for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Supplementation with L, Z and MZ augments MP and enhances visual performance in diseased and non-diseased eyes, and may reduce risk of AMD development and/or progression.
"Bio-medical waste Disposal"- A Survey to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour among Dental personnel in kanpur City, (U.P.), India

Objective: To investigate the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of dental personnel in Kanpur city, (U.P), India towads bio-medical waste disposal management in dentistry. Method : A Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted over a period of 3 months from November 2012 to Jan 2013 A pre-tested Self administerred questionnaire was given to a total number of 423 dental personnel includes Faculty ,Post graduate students, Interns, Under graduate clinical students of a teaching institute and Private Practitioners in Kanpur city,India . Results : A total of 406 dental personnel, including 41Faculty, 36 post graduate students, 93 interns, 149 Clinical under graduate students and 87 Private practioners participated in the study.Statistics was analysed by Dichotomisation analysis. Conclusion : All the dental personnel required to undergo continuing training programme on bio-medical waste
Complete nucleotide sequence of the gene for a surface protein antigen of Streptococcus sobrinus

The complete nucleotide sequence of the gene for a cell surface protein antigen (SpaA) of Streptococcus sobrinus MT3791 (serotype g) was determined. The spaA gene consisted of 4,698 bp and coded for a protein of 170,202 Da. A putative signal peptide was found in the amino-terminal end of the protein. A potential promoter sequence and a putative Shine-Dalgarno sequence preceded the open reading frame. Two internal repeating amino acid sequences were present in SpaA. One repeating region, located in the amino-terminal region, was rich in alanine, and the other, located in the central region, was rich in proline. The molecular structure of SpaA was very similar to that of the surface protein antigen of Streptococcus mutans.
A Global Ethic and the Hybrid Character of the Moral World

In the lead essay of this symposium, Michael Ignatieff offers a characteristic blend of philosophical acuteness and political good sense on a topic that, we can all agree, is central to many of the most important questions on the contemporary political and international agenda. His analysis is prescient, challenging, and deserves pondering at some length; thus, in this short response I cannot deal with it in anything like the detail it deserves. But the enforced brevity is perhaps an advantage as well, in that it forces me to concentrate on where I differ from Ignatieff and on my own sense of what we might imply when we use such a term as “a global ethic. ”
SAMHD1's protein expression profile in humans

The deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase and 3′ → 5′ exonuclease SAMHD1 restricts HIV‐1 infection in noncycling hematopoietic cells in vitro, and SAMHD1 mutations are associated with AGS. Little is known about the in vivo expression and functional regulation of this cellular factor. Here, we first assessed the SAMHD1 protein expression profile on a microarray of 25 human tissues from >210 donors and in purified primary cell populations. In vivo, SAMHD1 was expressed in the majority of nucleated cells of hematopoietic origin, including tissue‐resident macrophages, DCs, pDCs, all developmental stages of thymic T cells, monocytes, NK cells, as well as at lower levels in B cells. Of note, SAMHD1 was abundantly expressed in HIV target cells residing in the anogenital mucosa, providing a basis for its evaluation as a cellular factor that may impact the efficiency of HIV transmission. Next, we examined the effect of the activation status and proinflammatory cytokine treatment of cells on expression and phosphorylation of SAMHD1. Activated, HIV‐susceptible CD4+ T cells carried pSAMHD1(T592), whereas resting CD4+ T cells and macrophages expressed the unphosphorylated protein with HIV‐restrictive activity. Surprisingly, stimulation of these primary cells with IFN‐α, IFN‐γ, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐12, IL‐18, IL‐27, or TNF‐α affected neither SAMHD1 expression levels nor threonine 592 phosphorylation. Only IL‐1β moderately down‐regulated SAMHD1 in activated CD4+ T cells. Taken together, this study establishes the first cross‐sectional protein expression profile of SAMHD1 in human tissues and provides insight into its cell cycle‐dependent phosphorylation and unresponsiveness to multiple proinflammatory cytokines.
High frequency characterization and modeling of high density TSV in 3D integrated circuits

High frequency characterization and modeling of Through Silicon Vias (TSVs) for new 3D chip staking are presented in this paper. Works focus on high density TSVs, up to 106 cm−2, with pitch below 10 µm and aggressive wafer thinning to maintain TSV aspect ratio in a range between 5 and 10. Equivalent electrical RLCG models of TSVs with height of 15 µm and diameter of 3 µm are extracted up to 20 GHz. It is shown that values extracted for components are directly related to design and material characteristics used to process 3D TSVs.
Nonparametric methods for analysing the accuracy of diagnostic tests with multiple readers

The evaluation of diagnostic agents or imaging procedures is governed by the same scientific and regulatory rules as that of other medical products. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and especially the area under these ROC curves, are indices for the accuracy of a diagnostic test for continuous as well as ordinal data. The methodology of multivariate rank statistics for the nonparametric Behrens-Fisher problem is used to evaluate the accuracy of a diagnostic test in a complex factorial design with repeated measurements. Hypotheses are formulated by means of relative treatment effects and are tested by a multivariate extension of the Mann-Whitney statistic in a heteroscedastic model. The application of this method is demonstrated by the analysis of a data set from a diagnostic clinical trial.
Modigliani's Contribution to the 'Carnegie Research Agenda'

In "Models of my Life" Simon reminds that it was not a coincidence if Carnegie-Mellon has been the incubator of the two antithetical schools of thought: Behavioral Economics and the Rational Expectations theory. The aim of this paper is to reconstruct Franco Modigliani’s contribution (as well as its relevance) to economics research at the new business school (the GSIA), so much oriented towards the study of decision making under uncertainty. In my paper I argue that his contribution went beyond his paper with Grunberg (1954), which role in anticipating the REH has been already recognized among others by Hand (1990), Klamer (1983), Sent (1998, 2002), Young (2002), Young et al. (2004). From the late 1940s Modigliani was increasingly interested in studying the role of expectations on business fluctuations. His search for a way to model expectations moved into two directions: trying ‘to neutralize’ the effect of the future through the certainty equivalence argument (Simoned defined an example of satisfacing behavior); assuming perfect foresight (correct public prediction). The paper also investigates to which extent the ‘Carnegie style’ - characterized by its interdisciplinary, heterodox and problem-solving approach - affected Modigliani’s economics. Modigliani recalled that it was at Carnegie that he matured as an economist and defined the eight years he spent there (1952-1960) as the most productive, working on the exciting task of redesigning the curriculum of modern business schools, and writing exciting papers.