Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UvA-DARE (

circular approach. We provide a toolbox for transforming current linear and fragmented waste management processes into integrative and circular strategies. This objective is attained in three stages. We first recognize urban waste management as a complex multidimensional system and we outline its boundaries and its core components. We then map these components individually through a multipillar approach, identifying leverage points, relationships, and connection nodes within and between them. Finally, we reintegrate the results from the mapping process through the connection nodes, obtaining a systemic overview of relationships and processes, which serves as a frame for a circular strategy. To this end, we propose a set of guidelines for converting the results of the mapping process into circular Urban waste management is one of the most complex and urgent challenges that the society faces. In this paper, an innovative research methodology is proposed, introducing a systemic approach to circular waste management strategy-making. Urban waste management is a complex system that needs to be tackled in a holistic, yet context-specific manner. To produce truly integrative outcomes, this paper provides insight into the system as a whole, its components and the relationships between them, using specific tools, to form the basis for a circular strategy. A toolbox is presented for transforming the current linear and fragmented waste management processes into integrative and circular strategies. The proposed integrative methodology encompassing outline, multipillar mapping, and synthesis can be applied to different locations and waste streams. The concept is subsequently demonstrated through a case study focusing on the municipality of Amsterdam (the Netherlands) and the management of organic waste streams.
GROWTH OF Pinus glabra IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

Species of the genus Pinus are widely cultivated in Brazil, in the south of the country, mainly P. taeda and P. elliottii are responsible for suppling for diverse industrial segments. Although poorly studied, other species from the same region of natural distribution could also possibly present good growth potential. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the development of different dendrometric characteristics of provenances of P. glabra grown in the highlands of south Brazil during 24 years of growth. The values obtained for P. glabra in the studied region was compared with the ones from its natural distribution region and with data of P. taeda in south Brazil. By means of annual dendrometric measurements during almost the entire studied period, especially at age 24 years, the growth and productivity of the species was addressed. All studied provenances shown suitability to the evaluated edaphoclimatic conditions, with initial height growth above 1 m year-1 during the first 5 years. Productivities above 30 m3 ha-1 year-1 at age 24 years, as well as the production of dominant individuals with 30 cm of dbh at age 15 years can be expected. Therefore, the potential for commercial use of P. glabra in the highlands of south Brazil was proven, thus being an interesting alternative to the commonly used species
The continuum in soft-bodied biotas from transitional environments: a quantitative comparison of Triassic and Carboniferous Konservat-Lagerstätten

The exceptionally preserved Triassic (Anisian) Grès à Voltzia fauna from the Vosges of northeastern France is compared with four major Carboniferous Konservat-Lagerstätten. The problem of comparing faunas with different types of preservation and degrees of taxonomic determination is addressed with a newly devised similarity coefficient. This coefficient quantifies and combines data from different levels in the taxonomic hierarchy and allows comparisons between biotas in a consistent direction regardless of relative diversity. The rank order of similarity between the four Carboniferous Konservat-Lagerstätten and the Grès à Voltzia is as follows: 1. Mazon Creek (Westphalian D) of Illinois; 2. Glencartholm (Visean) of southern Scotland; 3. Bear Gulch (Namurian) of Montana; and 4. Blanzy-Montceau (Stephanian) of France. These occurrences represent conditions transitional between nearshore fully marine and fresh water. The Grès à Voltzia fauna is significantly closer to the Mazon Creek fauna than to the others; the taxonomic overlap with Blanzy-Montceau and Bear Gulch is limited. Stratigraphic age has an insignificant influence on the result; indeed, the fauna closest in age to the Grès à Voltzia, that of Blanzy-Montceau, is least similar. Taphonomic factors are important in determining the range of organisms preserved. The Glencartholm fauna is represented only by forms with either mineralized or robust chitinous skeletons, implying a greater degree of decay prior to the onset of diagenetic mineralization than in the other Konservat-Lagerstätten. Environment, however, is the major control on similarity. The Mazon Creek biota, like that of Grès à Voltzia, represents settings transitional between terrestrial and marine-influenced delta. Groups common to both Konservat-Lagerstätten include medusae, brachiopods, polychaetes, bivalve and gastropod molluscs, limulids, scorpions, spiders, branchiopods, ostracodes, malacostracans, cycloids, euthycarcinoid and myriapod uniramians, insects, fish, and tetrapods. There is a striking continuity between the faunas of Carboniferous and Triassic transitional sedimentary environments. Groups that were adapted to fluctuating conditions (e.g., shifting salinity) show strong congruence at the family and lower levels and were little affected by Permian extinctions. The major taxonomic contrasts are in the eumalacostracans and insects: many of the groups represented in the Grès à Voltzia appeared in the Permian and radiated across the Permo-Triassic boundary as Paleozoic forms became extinct.
geographical accessibility to inpatient palliative and

Background: Approximately thirty thousand people in Scotland are diagnosed with cancer annually, of whom a third live less than one year. The timing, nature and value of hospital-based healthcare for patients with advanced cancer are not well understood. The stud y’s aim was to describe the timing and nature of hospital-based healthcare use and associated costs in the last year of life for patients with a cancer diagnosis. Methods: We undertook a Scottish population-wide administrative data linkage study of hospital-based healthcare use for individuals with a cancer diagnosis, who died aged 60 and over between 2012 and 2017. Hospital admissions and length of stay (LOS), as well as the number and nature of outpatient and day case appointments were analysed. Generalised linear models were used to adjust costs for age, gender, socioeconomic deprivation status, rural-urban (RU) status and comorbidity. Results: The study included 85,732 decedents with a cancer diagnosis. For 64,553 (75.3%) of them, cancer was the primary cause of death. Mean age at death was 80.01 (SD 8.15) years. The mean number of inpatient stays in the last year of life was 5.88 (SD 5.68), with a mean LOS of 7 days. Admission rates rose sharply in the last month of life. One year adjusted and unadjusted costs decreased with increasing age. A higher comorbidity burden was associated with higher costs. Major cost differences were present between cancer types. Conclusions: People in Scotland in their last year of life with cancer are high users of secondary care. Hospitalisation accounts for a high proportion of costs, particularly in the last month of life. Further research is needed to examine triggers for hospitalisations and to identify influenceable reasons for unwarranted variation in hospital use among different cancer cohorts.
Digital Commons @ New Haven Digital Commons @ New Haven

While various tools have been created to assist the digital forensics community with acquiring, processing, and organizing evidence and indicating the existence of artifacts, very few attempts have been made to establish a centralized system for archiving artifacts. The Artifact Genome Project (AGP) has aimed to create the largest vetted and freely available digital forensics repository for Curated Forensic Artifacts (CuFAs). This paper details the experience of building, implementing, and maintaining such a system by sharing design decisions, lessons learned, and future work. We also discuss the impact of AGP in both the professional and academic realms of digital forensics. Our work shows promise in the digital forensics academic community to champion the effort in curating digital forensic artifacts by integrating AGP into courses, research endeavors, and collaborative projects. © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of DFRWS. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Robust control tools for traﬀic monitoring in TCP/AQM networks

Several studies have considered control theory tools for traﬃc control in communication networks, as for example the congestion control issue in IP (Internet Protocol) routers. In this paper, we propose to design a linear observer for time-delay systems to address the traﬃc monitoring issue in TCP/AQM (Transmission Control Protocol/Active Queue Management) networks. Due to several propagation delays and the queueing delay, the set TCP/AQM is modeled as a multiple delayed system of a particular form. Hence, appropriate robust control tools as quadratic separation are adopted to construct a delay dependent observer for TCP ﬂows estimation. Note that, the developed mechanism enables also the anomaly detection issue for a class of DoS (Denial of Service) attacks. At last, simulations via the network simulator NS-2 and an emulation experiment validate the proposed methodology.
Study on the Inﬂuence of Sample Size on the Mechanical and Integrity Characteristics of Coal Measure Sandstone under High Strain Rate

: In order to explore the size effect of the mechanical and damage characteristics of coal measure sand stones under dynamic load, uniaxial impact compression tests were carried out on coal-bearing sand stones with a diameter of 50 mm and a length–diameter ratio of L / R = 0.5, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, and 2 by using the Hopkinson pressure bar test system. The size effect law of the mechanical properties and energy dissipation of coal-bearing sandstone under a high strain rate were investigated. Then, the mercury injection test was carried out on the fragments at different positions, and the electron microscope scanning test was carried out on the fragments near the end of the transmission rod. Based on the area damage deﬁnition method and normalization treatment, the integrity model of coal measure sandstone, considering the inﬂuence of the length–diameter ratio, was established. The results showed that the peak strength and dynamic elastic modulus of coal measure sandstone increased ﬁrst and then decreased with the increase in length–diameter ratio under impact compression load, and they reached the maximum when the length–diameter ratio was 1.2. The dynamic peak strain increased gradually with the increase in length–diameter ratio. The energy of coal-bearing sandstone showed strong size effect, that is, the total absorbed energy, elastic energy, and dissipated energy increased with the increase in length–diameter ratio, and the size effect of total absorbed energy was the most obvious. Under the same impact pressure, the porosity of coal-bearing sand stones with seven kinds of length–diameter ratios near the incident end was roughly the same. But when the length–diameter ratio was greater than 0.5, the porosity decreased gradually with the increase in the distance from the incident end. And the larger the length–diameter ratio, the more obvious the decreasing trend. When the length–diameter ratio was smaller, the size of the holes and cracks and the cluster density were larger. The integrity model of coal measure sandstone, considering the inﬂuence of the length–diameter ratio, showed that the larger the length–diameter ratio, the better the relative integrity of coal-bearing sandstone.
Mycena jingyinga : a recently described species from Taiwan is reported in North America

Mycena jingyinga , reported here for the first time in North America, is otherwise only known from eastern and southeastern Asia. The North American distribution of Mycena jingyinga is unclear; it may be this species was recently introduced, or it may have a broad distribution but has gone unreported. Several closely related species have a wide geographic distribution spanning continents
Mid-slope Site U1380

R.N. Harris, A. Sakaguchi, K. Petronotis, A.T. Baxter, R. Berg, A. Burkett, D. Charpentier, J. Choi, P. Diz Ferreiro, M. Hamahashi, Y. Hashimoto, K. Heydolph, L. Jovane, M. Kastner, W. Kurz, S.O. Kutterolf, Y. Li, A. Malinverno, K.M. Martin, C. Millan, D.B. Nascimento, S. Saito, M.I. Sandoval Gutierrez, E.J. Screaton, C.E. Smith-Duque, E.A. Solomon, S.M. Straub, W. Tanikawa, M.E. Torres, H. Uchimura, P. Vannucchi, Y. Yamamoto, Q. Yan, and X. Zhao2
Team-PSRO for Learning Approximate TMECor in Large Team Games via Cooperative Reinforcement Learning

Recent algorithms have achieved superhuman performance at a number of two-player zero-sum games such as poker and go. However, many real-world situations are multi-player games. Zero-sum two-team games, such as bridge and football, involve two teams where each member of the team shares the same reward with every other member of that team, and each team has the negative of the reward of the other team. A popular solution concept in this setting, called TMECor, assumes that teams can jointly correlate their strategies before play, but are not able to communicate during play. This setting is harder than two-player zero-sum games because each player on a team has different information and must use their public actions to signal to other members of the team. Prior works either have game-theoretic guarantees but only work in very small games, or are able to scale to large games but do not have game-theoretic guarantees. In this paper we introduce two algorithms: Team-PSRO, an extension of PSRO from two-player games to team games, and Team-PSRO Mix-and-Match which improves upon Team PSRO by better using population policies. In Team-PSRO, in every iteration both teams learn a joint best response to the opponent’s meta-strategy via reinforcement learning. As the reinforcement learning joint best response approaches the optimal best response, Team-PSRO is guaranteed to converge to a TMECor. In experiments on Kuhn poker and Liar’s Dice, we show that a tabular version of Team-PSRO converges to TMECor, and a version of Team PSRO using deep cooperative reinforcement learning beats self-play reinforcement learning in the large game of Google Research Football.
Method of predicting soil mechanical parameters in shallow formation while jetting process in deep-water drilling

ABSTRACT The mechanical properties of shallow soils in deep water play an important role in drilling design and construction as well as later oil and gas development. Since it is difficult to collect soil samples from layers deeper than 10 m below the sea floor, the acquisition of shallow soil mechanics, based on the variation of drilling parameters in the deep-water drilling process, is not only economical but also reliable. In this article, we analyze the variation of subsea soil properties based on the variation of deep-water jet-drilling construction parameters, calculate the lateral friction resistance of conductor by use of weight-on-bit (WOB) and displacement parameters in the jetting process, and determine the drilled formation’s shear strength and internal friction angle in consideration of restored friction resistance. To verify the accuracy of the prediction-while-drilling model on seabed shallow soil mechanics, indoor unit and field simulation experiments were separately conducted. Moreover, the calculations from field application examples indicate that the prediction-while-drilling of deep-water seabed shallow soil mechanics achieves high conformity with the local practice results, which also indicates that this method could effectively guide field construction operations.
Digital Commons @ New Haven Digital Commons @ New Haven

 Abstract — Driven by smart distribution technologies, by the widespread use of distributed generation (DG) sources, and by the injection of new loads such as electric vehicles, distribution networks are evolving from passive to active. The integration of DG including renewable DG changes power flow of distribution network from unidirectional to bi-directional. The adoption of electric vehicles makes the management of distribution networks even more challenging. As such, an active network management has to be fulfilled by taking advantage of the emerging techniques of control, monitoring, protection, and communication to assist distribution network operators in an optimal manner. This paper presents a short review of recent advancements and identifies emerging technologies and future development trends to support active management of distribution networks.
Eﬀects of Anthropogenic Aerosols on the East Asian Winter Monsoon

Circulation patterns linked to the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) aﬀect precipitation, surface temperature, and air quality extremes over East Asia. These circulation patterns can in turn be inﬂuenced by aerosol radiative and microphysical eﬀects through diabatic heating and its impacts on atmospheric vorticity. Using global model simulations, we investigate the eﬀects of anthropogenic aerosol emissions and concentration changes on the intensity and variability of the EAWM. Comparison with reanalysis products indicates that the model captures the mean state of the EAWM well. The experiments indicate that anthropogenic aerosol emissions strengthen the Siberian High but weaken the East Asian jet stream, making the land areas of East Asia colder, drier, and snowier. Aerosols reduce mean surface air temperatures by approximately 1.5 ° C, comparable to about half of the diﬀerence between strong and weak EAWM episodes in the control simulation. The mechanisms behind these changes are evaluated by analyzing diﬀerences in the potential vorticity budget. Anthropogenic aerosol eﬀects on diabatic heating strengthen anomalous subsidence over southern East Asia, establishing an anticyclonic circulation anomaly that suppresses deep convection and precipitation. Aerosol eﬀects on cloud cover and cloud longwave radiative heating weaken stability over the eastern ﬂank of the Tibetan Plateau, intensifying upslope ﬂow along the western side of the anticyclone. Both circulation anomalies contribute to reducing surface air temperatures through regional impacts on thermal advection and the atmospheric radiative balance.
Functional MRI Mapping of Visual Function and Selective Functional MRI Mapping of Visual Function and Selective Attention for Performance Assessment and Presurgical Planning Attention for Performance Assessment and Presurgical Planning using Conjunctive Visual Search using Conjunctive Visual Search

Background: Accurate mapping of visual function and selective attention using fMRI is important in the study of human performance as well as in presurgical treatment planning of lesions in or near visual centers of the brain. Conjunctive visual search (CVS) is a useful tool for mapping visual function during fMRI because of its greater activation extent compared with high-capacity parallel search processes. Aims: The purpose of this work was to develop and evaluate a CVS that was capable of generating consistent activation in the basic and higher level visual areas of the brain by using a high number of distractors as well as an optimized contrast condition. Materials and methods: Images from 10 healthy volunteers were analyzed and brain regions of greatest activation and deactivation were determined using a nonbiased decomposition of the results at the hemisphere, lobe, and gyrus levels. The results were quantiﬁed in terms of activation and deactivation extent and mean z -statistic. Results: The proposed CVS was found to generate robust activation of the occipital lobe, as well as regions in the middle frontal gyrus associated with coordinating eye movements and in regions of the insula associated with task-level control and focal attention. As expected, the task demonstrated deactivation patterns commonly implicated in the default-mode network. Further deactivation was noted in the posterior region of the cerebellum, most likely associated with the formation of optimal search strategy. Conclusion: We believe the task will be useful in studies of visual and selective attention in the neuroscience community as well as in mapping visual function in clinical fMRI.
USING TIME SERIES IMAGE DATA TO IMPROVE THE GENERALIZATION CAPABILITIES OF A CNN – THE EXAMPLE OF DEFORESTATION DETECTION WITH SENTINEL-2

Abstract. Deforestation is considered one of the main causes of global warming and biodiversity reduction. Therefore, early detection of deforestation processes is of paramount importance to preserve environmental resources. Currently, there is plenty of research focused on detecting deforestation from satellite imagery using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Although these works yield remarkable results, most of them employ pairs of images and detect changes which occurred between the two image acquisition epochs only. Furthermore, these models tend to produce poor results when applied to new data in real-world scenarios. In this regard, an interesting research topic deals with the generalization capacity of the classifiers. CNN-based approaches combined with time series data can be a suitable framework to obtain classifiers that generalize better to new data. Image time series contain complementary information, representing different imaging conditions over time. This work addresses the transferability for detecting deforestation in different areas of the Amazon region, using Sentinel-2 time series and reference maps from PRODES project, which are not required to be synchronized. The results indicate that the classifier with time series data brings a substantial improvement in accuracy by taking advantage of the temporal information.
5-Deoxynevadensin, a Novel Flavone in Sunflower and Aspects of Biosynthesis during Trichome Development

Fluorescent microscopy of sunflower glandular trichomes from anther appendages showed a strong autofluorescence, caused by flavonoids. Chemical analysis with NMR and HRMS lead to the identification of 7-hydroxy-6,8,4′-trimethoxyflavone, a novel 5-deoxyflavone, exclusively found in capitate glandular trichomes. 5-Deoxy flavones are rarely found in Asteraceae and this is the first report for the genus Helianthus. Semiquantitative RT-PCR showed the presence of transcripts for phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS) in all biosynthetically active trichome stages. PAL and CHS are key steps in flavonoid biosynthesis indicating that flavonoid production occurs directly within the trichomes. This offers the possibility for examination of 5-deoxyflavone biosynthesis within Asteraceae.