Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Transition of Czech HE Graduates in the Context of Economic Crisis

As shown by the outcomes of REFLEX 2006, the behaviour of Czech graduates and the factors concerning their transition from school to work in the mid of the last decade have many similarities but also some differences when compared with graduates from other European countries. The paper describes how some factors previously different have changed within the last four years and what factors have been most affected by the crisis. The focus is mainly on the changes in the modes of teaching at higher education institutions and on factors that describe a professional success of graduates. A new data collection called REFLEX 2010 was conducted in the Czech Republic in 2010. As many questions are identical and population of students is defined in the same way, i.e. 4 or 5 years after graduation it enables to compare what has changed between 2006 and 2010. More than 8.5 thousand of electronically completed questionnaires were collected in 2010. Thus it is possible to compare how situation of graduates who entered the labour market in 2005 or 2006 has changed in the first years after entering labour market to those graduates who entered labour market in 2001 or 2002 whose situation during their establishing at the labour market was not affected by the economic crisis.
Effects of testosterone on visuospatial function and verbal fluency in postmenopausal women: results from a functional magnetic resonance imaging pilot study

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the effects of testosterone on cognitive performance during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy estrogen-treated postmenopausal women. MethodsThis was an open-label study in which postmenopausal women on nonoral estrogen therapy were treated with transdermal testosterone for 26 weeks. Women performed tests of verbal fluency (number of words) and mental rotation (reaction time and accuracy) during pretreatment and posttreatment fMRI. Blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) signal intensity was measured during fMRI tasks. ResultsNine women with a mean (SD) age of 55.4 (3.8) years completed the study. Twenty-six weeks of testosterone therapy was associated with significant decreases in BOLD intensity during the mental rotation task in the right superior parietal, left inferior parietal, and left precuneus regions, and during the verbal fluency task in the left inferior frontal gyrus, left lingual gyrus, and medial frontal gyrus (all P < 0.05), with no change in task performance, accuracy, or speed. ConclusionsTestosterone therapy is associated with reduced BOLD signal activation in key anatomical areas during fMRI verbal fluency and visuospatial tasks in healthy estrogen-treated postmenopausal women. Our interpretation is that testosterone therapy facilitates preservation of cognitive function with less neuronal recruitment.
Moving beyond visitor satisfaction to loyalty in nature-based tourism: a review and research agenda

Nature-based tourism is increasing worldwide and with it the opportunity to engage these visitors to support and advocate for the protection of natural areas. Loyalty research over the last decade provides a platform for action. Analysing loyalty as an important focus for nature-based tourism research and then proposing a research agenda are the aims of this paper. These aims are achieved by (1) reviewing the place of satisfaction and its relationship to loyalty in nature-based tourism research; (2) analysing recent loyalty and related behavioural intentions research; and (3) proposing a research agenda to further progress loyalty research. Conducting field-based experiments to determine the influence of improving service quality on loyalty and further investigating a suite of items of varying commitment for measuring loyalty (from recommending a destination to others to volunteering to work there) are pivotal to the proposed agenda. Also central are further elaborating and testing the measurement model for loyalty, with place attachment and pursuit of benefits, such as escaping from everyday life and appreciating nature, suggested as promising antecedents to loyalty. The importance of natural areas to society warrants urgent attention to the loyalty-centred research agenda detailed in this paper.
Customer Satisfaction in the Context of Online Gaming Service: The Hedonic Experience Factor

Prior research has devoted considerable attention to consumer hedonic experience and customer satisfaction in retailing and online shopping settings. However, very little effort has been made to investigate the relationship between hedonic experience and customer satisfaction in the context of information system use. To fill this gap, this study investigates the effect of hedonic experience on game player satisfaction using an adapted technology acceptance model. By doing so, this article addresses the core research question: What drives online game player satisfaction? In support of the model and most of the hypotheses, the empirical results not only identify key antecedents of enjoyment and perceived usefulness, but also confirm the significant role of the two constructs in predicting player satisfaction. This study thus helps both information systems and marketing researchers attain a better understanding of customer satisfaction, expand their baseline knowledge of hedonic experience constructs, and conduct more fruitful and illuminating future research on e-commerce service. Customer Satisfaction in the Context of Online Gaming Service: The Hedonic Experience Factor
SURF imaging: In vivo demonstration of an ultrasound contrast agent detection technique

A dual-band method for ultrasound contrast agent detection is demonstrated in vivo in an animal experiment using pigs. The method is named Second-order UltRasound Field Imaging, abbreviated SURF Imaging. It relies on simultaneously transmitting two ultrasound pulses with a large separation in frequency. Here, a low-frequency pulse of 0.9 MHz is combined with a high-frequency pulse of 7.5 MHz. The low-frequency pulse is used to manipulate the properties of the contrast agent, and the high- frequency pulse is used for high-resolution contrast detection and imaging. An annular array capable of transmitting the low- and high-frequency pulses simultaneously was constructed and fitted to a mechanically scanned probe used in a GE Vingmed System 5 ultrasound scanner. The scanner was modified and adapted for the dual-band transmit technique. In-house software was written for post-processing of recorded IQ-data. Contrast-processed B-mode images of pig kidneys after bolus injections of 1 mL of Sonovuereg are presented. The images display contrast detection with contrast-to-tissue ratios ranging from 15-40 dB. The results demonstrate the potential of SURF Imaging as an ultrasound contrast detection technique for clinically high ultrasound frequencies. This may allow ultrasound contrast imaging to be available for a wide range of applications.
Cerebellar metastasis from serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary mimicking pilocytic astrocytoma

Serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary rarely can present with solitary solid -cystic cerebellar metastasis, mimicking pilocytic astrocytoma. A middle aged women, who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoopherectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy for ovarian adenocarcinoma, presented to us with the history of headache, vomiting, and imbalance. Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed solitary cerebellar, solid cystic lesion with cyst lining and solid portion enhancing on contrast which was mimicking pilocytic astrocytoma and there was no perilesional edema. Gross total excision of the cerebellar lesion was done followed by resolution of her symptoms. Histopathology showed metastatic adenocarcinoma consistent with the primary ovarian carcinoma. In patients of ovarian carcinoma, presenting with features of raised intracranial pressureICP] thorough investigations must be done to rule out metastasis. Solitary metastasis of the cerebellum because of ovarian carcinoma may mimic pilocytic astrocytoma.
Discriminating Characteristics of Community-Dwelling Elderly at High and Low Risk for Frailty

The study’s objective was to examine the health status, physical activity behaviors, and performance-based functional abilities of individuals classified as being at high or low risk for frailty and to determine which of these characteristics discriminates between the 2 groups. Participants were 78 community-dwelling individuals with an average age of 74 years; 37 were categorized as being at high risk and 42 at low risk for frailty. Logistic-regression analysis indicated that individuals classified as being at high risk for frailty were more likely to have visited the doctor more than 3 times in the past year, experienced a cardiac event, taken more than 4 medications a day, and participated in little or no physical activity. High-risk individuals were more likely to have poor balance, difficulty with mobility, decreased range of motion, poor unimanual dexterity, and difficulty performing activities of daily living than were those classified as being at low risk for frailty.
The Anticancer Effects of Resveratrol: Modulation of Transcription Factors

Resveratrol (3, 4′, 5-trihydroxystilbene), a naturally occurring phytoalexin readily available in the diet, is reported to possess both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities in several cancers. However, despite the identification of numerous molecular targets, the underlying mechanisms involved in the anticancer activities of resveratrol are not completely understood. Resveratrol is postulated to function as a potential signaling pathway modulator and, as such, is demonstrated to affect a multitude of signal transduction pathways associated with tumorigenesis and/or carcinogenesis; it is likely that this collective activity, rather than just a single effect, may play an important role in the anticancer properties of resveratrol. Since transcription factors control the expression of many genes, the elucidation of molecular targets of resveratrol involved in transcriptional regulation is necessary to better understand how this dietary phytochemical affects chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic processes. As a result, investigators have increasingly searched for and examined possible targets of resveratrol. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on molecular targets, specifically transcription factors, that contribute to the observed anticancer effects of resveratrol related to 1) inhibition of carcinogenic activation and induction of carcinogen detoxification, 2) induction of growth arrest and apoptosis, and 3) suppression of proinflammatory signaling pathways related to cancer progression.
The role of job design and mechanism in motivating feedback-seeking behaviour in transportation service

Employee feedback-seeking behaviour is important to improve job performance and organizational effectiveness. This study investigates the mediating role of psychological meaningfulness on job design and feedback-seeking behaviour. The study draws on empirical data gathered from 681 employees in a transportation service company in Taiwan, and uses structural equation modelling to test our proposed model. Empirical results suggest that psychological meaningfulness plays a crucial and mediating role in the relationships between job enrichment, work-role fit and feedback-seeking behaviour. The implications for practitioners are to stress the role of job design and its mediating process for feedback-seeking behaviour.
Base position detection of grape stem considering its displacement for weeding robot in vineyards

The vastness of vineyards in Hokkaido makes it hard for workers to eradicate weeds. To solve this problem, the aim of the current research has been to develop a weeding robot with a multi-link manipulator that uses a stereo camera system as a visual sensing tool for recognizing grape stems. However, the accuracy of this technique is lacking due to unavoidable measurement errors from the stereo camera system. In consideration of this problem, a method that defines the grape stem area has been devised. Additionally, to compensate for errors in the visual sensing technique, a tactile sensing technique has been employed that can haptically recognize a grape stem by means of a multi-link manipulator. In this paper, a robust sensing system is reported that analyzes the displacement of a grape stem to detect it base position such that weeding can be performed.
Farm Level Risk Assessment Using Downside Risk Measures

Recent and presumable future developments tend to increase the risk associated with farming activities. This causes an increasing importance of risk management. Farmers have a wide variety of possibilities to influence the risk exposure of their operations. Among them are the choice of the production program as well as marketing activities including forward pricing and hedging with futures and options. In total all these opportunities comprise a portfolio of activities which must be selected as to match the resources of the farm as well as the farmer's attitudes towards risk. The paper addresses this issue using a whole farm stochastic optimisation approach based on a risk-value framework. The paper starts with a discussion of risk-value models and the relationship between them and the expected utility hypothesis. In the second part the approach is incorporated in a whole farm model that optimizes a portfolio of production activities and risk management instruments. A case study is used to analyse the possibilities and limitations of the approach and to illustrate the effects of yield and production risk on decision making.
Labeling GM Food in India: Anticipating the Effects on GM Brinjal and Rice Marketing Chains

In the last few years, India has become one of the leading nations in the development and use of genetically modified (GM) crops. Although only GM cotton has been commercially released thus far, its commercial success is undeniable. In 2014, the adoption of Bt cotton in India was 95% (James, 2014). Despite a number of controversies, it is generally recognized that Bt cotton has contributed to the observed leap in cotton productivity, thus turning India into a major cotton exporter (Gruère & Yan, 2012; Pray, Nagarajan, Huang, Hu, & Ramaswami, 2011). India is also a leading Asian nation in research and development of GM crops. Despite the absence of new commercial releases, several crops have reached an advanced stage in the research and regulatory pipeline, including different types of GM rice, a GM mustard, GM cabbage, and GM brinjal (eggplant). Much of the success of biotechnology in India can be attributed to the presence of a relatively functional, even if imperfect, biosafety system. Under current law, the commercial release of any GM product requires approval from the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC). Besides environmental safety tests, the GEAC requires extensive food-safety tests for new GM products. The process is comprehensive but has been criticized in part for its lack of transparency and of coordination among agencies. The Indian government has taken steps to revise the system, and a new bill has been introduced in the Indian Parliament. At the same time, several areas related to GM food and feed products have also been under consideration. In particular, in 2006, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare suggested the introduction of a mandatory labeling policy for all GM foods. The proposed draft rule would require GM foods to bear a label stating that they have been subject to genetic modification after their approval for consumption by the safety authority. This would be required for all GM products, whether they are primary or processed food, food ingredients, or food additives derived from a GM food, even if there are no quantifiable traces of recombinant DNA in the food product (e.g., refined oils derived from GM products). The requirements would be applicable for both domestically produced and imported food items. With imported foods, the label would also indicate that the product has been cleared for marketing and use in the country of origin. This original draft was the basis of discussions at the Food Safety Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), which is in charge of submitting a labeling regulation that to date has not been completed. In May 2012, the Department of Consumer Affairs passed a regulation designed under the Metrology Act and drawn by the Department of Consumer Affairs. The regulation began enforcement on January 1, 2013 and focused on packaged food, but did not provide any specific details as to how it would be implemented. It simSangeeta Bansal Jawaharlal Nehru University, India
Children with cerebral palsy participate: A review of the literature

Purpose. To review research that examined the participation in activities of children who have cerebral palsy, in order to understand their extent of participation and the factors that influenced participation. Methods. A comprehensive search of seven databases retrieved 2,111 papers, 40 of which met criteria and were relevant for critique. As this paper intended to examine participation broadly, an ecological framework was used to organise the relevant papers into those studies that considered personal, environmental and occupational factors related to participation. Results. Children with cerebral palsy participated in a diverse array of activities across a range of occupational contexts. Their participation was not always a positive experience. Factors most commonly identified as barriers to participation were social attitudes and the physical environment. This review identified only emergent understandings of the naturally occurring changes in the participation of children with cerebral palsy that come with increasing age and, concurrently, with increasing social and environmental demands. Conclusions. Future research designs must accommodate the complexity of participation to further our knowledge and improve our ability to target therapeutic interventions at community, family and child levels.
Multidestination Travel Patterns of International Visitors to Queensland

Tourists frequently undertake multidestination trips to maximize the benefits of travel. A more detailed understanding of this phenomenon contributes to destination marketing by enabling identification of potential multidestination marketing synergies. For individual destinations lacking the critical mass of attractions, such synergies provide a foundation for leveraging strategies. While research has revealed a range of factors associated with variations in travel patterns, no attempt has been made to explore the relative contribution of each factor in a specific context. Research conducted to date has focused primarily on domestic recreational travel (largely in the United States) rather than international tourism. This study uses an Australian database on international visitor travel patterns in Queensland to do this. It is revealed that risk-reduction tendencies associated with long-haul travel, variations in mobility, multiple-benefit seeking, and information sources used by visitors prior to their trip all have a bearing on the level of multidestination travel.
Market-Structure Determinants of National Brand-Private Label Price Differences of Manufactured Food Products

This paper estimates the relationships between market structure and the Lerner index of monopoly constructed from price data on processed food products sold through grocery stores. A theoretical model of a differentiated oligopoly specifies two determinants of price-cost margins: the Herfindahl-Hirschman index of seller concentration adjusted for the elasticity of demand and the industry advertising-to-sales ratio. The results indicate that the three principal determinants of price-cost margin variation, in order of their impacts, are: advertising intensity, elasticity of demand, and concentration. Previous structure-performance studies that did not incorporate the elasticity of demand were probably misspecified.
THE INCOMPLETE‐INFORMATION SPLIT‐STREAM FISH WAR: EXAMINING THE IMPLICATIONS OF COMPETING RISKS

ABSTRACT. It is now widely recognized that climactic regime shifts, which aperiodically alter a harvested fish stock's biomass and spatial distribution, may lead to distorted fisheries management decisions which negatively impact the fishery, both biologically and economically. This is particularly true for trans‐boundary migratory stocks, where optimal management relies on coordination among independent nation‐states. Unanticipated changes in stock distribution and abundance can upset expectations of national authorities, leading them to sanction inappropriate harvesting levels by their separately managed fleets targeting the same breeding fish stock.
Some Reasons Why Foreign Retailers Have Difficulties in Succeeding in the Japanese Market

Abstract The paper explores the Mystique Theory of Japanese Market by analyzing cases of foreign-affiliated retail companies that have entered the Japanese market. As a result of the case studies, three conclusions are drawn. The first identifies three generic hurdles that foreign-affiliated retail companies face in a host country. The second conclusion is that a sufficient condition of success for the foreign-affiliated companies is the need to learn from their failures, to adapt and to change their business models in Japan. The third conclusion is concerned with a potential reason why failed foreign-affiliated companies failed to learn form their experiences in Japan.
Women's preferences for place of delivery in rural Tanzania: a population-based discrete choice experiment.

OBJECTIVES We fielded a population-based discrete choice experiment (DCE) in rural western Tanzania, where only one third of women deliver children in a health facility, to evaluate health-system factors that influence women's delivery decisions. METHODS Women were shown choice cards that described 2 hypothetical health centers by means of 6 attributes (distance, cost, type of provider, attitude of provider, drugs and equipment, free transport). The women were then asked to indicate which of the 2 facilities they would prefer to use for a future delivery. We used a hierarchical Bayes procedure to estimate individual and mean utility parameters. RESULTS A total of 1203 women completed the DCE. The model showed good predictive validity for actual facility choice. The most important facility attributes were a respectful provider attitude and availability of drugs and medical equipment. Policy simulations suggested that if these attributes were improved at existing facilities, the proportion of women preferring facility delivery would rise from 43% to 88%. CONCLUSIONS In regions in which attended delivery rates are low despite availability of primary care facilities, policy experiments should test the effect of targeted quality improvements on facility use.