Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE IMPRINT OF DISSIPATION ON THE SHAPES OF MERGER REMNANT LOSVDs

The properties of elliptical galaxies are broadly consistent with simulated remnants of gas-rich mergers between spirals, motivating more detailed studies of the imprint of this formation mechanism on the remnant distribution function. Gas has a strong impact on the non-Gaussian shapes of the line-of-sight velocity distributions (LOSVDs) of the merger remnant, owing to the embedded disk that forms out of the gas that retains its angular momentum during the merger, and the strong central mass concentration from the gas that falls to the center. The deviations from Gaussianity are effectively parameterized by the Gauss–Hermite moments h3 and h4, which are related to the skewness and kurtosis of the LOSVDs. We quantify the dependence of the (h3, h4)–v/σ relations on the initial gas fraction fgas of the progenitor disks in 1:1 mergers, using Gadget-2 simulations including star formation, radiative cooling, and feedback from supernovae and active galactic nuclei. For fgas ≲ 15%, the overall correlation between h3 and v/σ is weak, consisting of a flat negatively correlated component arising from edge-on viewing angles plus a steep positively correlated part from more face-on projections. The spread in v/σ values decreases toward high positive h4, and there is a trend toward lower h4 values as fgas increases from 0% to 15%. For fgas ≳ 20%, the (h3, h4)–v/σ distributions look quite different—there is a tight negative h3–v/σ correlation, and a wide spread in v/σ values at all h4, in much better agreement with observations. Re-mergers of the high-fgas remnants (representing dry mergers) produce slowly rotating systems with near-Gaussian LOSVDs. We explain all of these trends in terms of the underlying orbit structure of the remnants, as molded by their dissipative formation histories.
A cognitive-behavioural model for promoting regular physical activity in older adults

Abstract Although a lack of physical activity has been identified as a key health risk factor, the majority of older adults remain sedentary. Activity restriction is often rooted in misconceptions about the ageing process. Many adults believe that physical decrement is inevitable and irreversible with advancing age, i.e. uncontrollable. Thus, motivation is low because it is assumed that exercise will not do any good or may even cause harm. Based on research in the area of cognitive ageing, we propose a model of the relationship between control beliefs and ageing-related decrements, which specifies that interventions to encourage regular physical activity should focus on teaching skills as well as promoting a sense of control. We recommend that cognitive behavioural strategies be used to promote confidence in one's abilities to exercise (self-efficacy), to instil the belief that one's efforts will make a difference (outcome expectations), and to encourage adaptive responses in the face of difficulties (att.
Histories and institutional change: understanding academic development practices in the global ‘north’ and ‘south’

Academic development has played a significant role in creating university ‘learning and teaching’ as an object of policy scrutiny and intervention. While academic development is a new field, its practices have been productive of new learning and teaching regimes in both the global ‘north’ and ‘south’. This paper explores the emergence of academic development as a practice and the agentic understandings of its actors in creating the academic development project in the face of global unevenness. The paper offers a critical account of the emergence of academic development practice in both the global ‘north’, drawing on the intertwined histories of the UK and Australia, and in the global ‘south’, drawing on the example of South Africa. In looking at the ongoing debates about academic development the paper argues that in constituting teaching and learning as its object, other more radical, feminist and critical pedagogies, which are capable of dealing with the power and curricula, were marginalised.
Anesthetic Properties of Carbon Dioxide in the Rat

BACKGROUND: Carbon dioxide decreases halothane minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) in dogs when Paco2 exceeds 95 mm Hg. We sought to confirm these findings for several potent inhaled anesthetics in rats. METHODS: Groups of eight rats were anesthetized with halothane, isoflurane, or desflurane. MAC was determined for each anesthetic alone, and then with increasing concentrations of inspired CO2. A fourth group was given CO2 alone to determine the MAC of CO2. RESULTS: Increasing inspired CO2 concentrations produced a linear dose-dependent decrease in MAC of each potent inhaled anesthetic. With elimination of CO2, the MAC of isoflurane and desflurane returned to the original MAC. As determined by extrapolating these data to 0% of the inhaled anesthetic, the MAC of CO2 was approximately 50% of 1 atm. Given alone, CO2 proved lethal. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike dogs, no threshold for the CO2-MAC response arose with halothane, isoflurane, or desflurane in rats. The ED50 for CO2 is also approximately 50% greater in rats than reported in dogs.
The Relationship between Sarcopenia and Systemic Inflammatory Response for Cancer Cachexia in Small Cell Lung Cancer

Background The prognostic significance of sarcopenia, an important component of cancer cachexia, has been demonstrated in oncologic patients. Catabolic drivers have been suggested to be key features of cancer cachexia. Objective To determine the relationship between systemic inflammatory markers and CT-determined muscle mass in patients with SCLC. Methods Cross-sectional muscle areas were evaluated at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3) using baseline CT images in 186 SCLC patients. Sarcopenia was defined as a L3 muscle index (L3MI, muscle area at L3/height2) of < 55 cm2/m2 for men and of < 39 cm2/m2 for women. Systemic inflammatory markers investigated included serum white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and albumin. Results Mean L3MI was 47.9 ± 9.7 cm2/m2 for men and 41.6 ± 7.0 cm2/m2 for women. Sarcopenia was present in 128 patients (68.8%), and sarcopenic patients had significant serum lymphocyte counts and albumin levels (p = 0.002 and 0.041, respectively), and higher NLRs and CRP levels (p = 0.011 and 0.026) than non-sarcopenic patients. Multivariable analysis revealed that CRP independently predicted L3MI (β = -0.208; 95% CI, -0.415 to -0.002; p = 0.048), along with gender and BMI (p values < 0.001) and performance status (p = 0.010). Conclusion The present study confirms a significant linear relationship exists between CT-determined muscle mass and CRP in SCLC patients. This association might provide a better understanding of the mechanism of cancer cachexia.
Global Robust Stability and Synchronization of Networks With Lorenz-Type Nodes

This brief addresses in a unified framework both global robust stability and synchronization problems for a class of directed networks with Lorenz-type nodes. When the key parameter in the node equation is modified, it covers the Lorenz, Chen, and Lu types of networks as special cases. Based on an observation about some special nonlinear characteristics of Lorenz-type systems, simple conditions are derived for global stability and synchronization of such networks, where the typical Lipschitz-type condition for nonlinear functions is not needed. By combining the pinning control strategy and a new linear control law, synchronization of a network with different nodes can be achieved. Several examples are given for illustration.
LDA-based model for traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis

Based on Lejeune Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model and multi-relationship topic model in Diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the Symptom TCM Treatment Diagnosis (STTD) model is purposed to extract topic structure of symptom, TCM, treatment and diagnosis from TCM clinical datum. This paper uses Gibbs sampling to do parameters reasoning and confirms the optimal number of topics according to the average similarity among topics. From the experimental results, given the symptoms of patient, STTD model can predicts treatment, result of diagnosis, TCM and the distribution of topic. And it is available for clinical doctors and researchers.
Information Content and Uncertainties in Thermodynamic Profiles and Liquid Cloud Properties Retrieved from the Ground-Based Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI)

AbstractThe Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) observes spectrally resolved downwelling radiance emitted by the atmosphere in the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Profiles of temperature and water vapor, and cloud liquid water path and effective radius for a single liquid cloud layer, are retrieved using an optimal estimation–based physical retrieval algorithm from AERI-observed radiance data. This algorithm provides a full error covariance matrix for the solution, and both the degrees of freedom for signal and the Shannon information content. The algorithm is evaluated with both synthetic and real AERI observations. The AERI is shown to have approximately 85% and 70% of its information in the lowest 2 km of the atmosphere for temperature and water vapor profiles, respectively. In clear-sky situations, the mean bias errors with respect to the radiosonde profiles are less than 0.2 K and 0.3 g kg−1 for heights below 2 km for temperature and water vapor mixing ratio, respecti.
22.3 A 141µW sensor SoC on OLED/OPD substrate for SpO2/ExG monitoring sticker

Recently, OLED is replacing semiconductor LEDs in many applications for broader light emission and low fabrication cost. In addition, Organic Photo Detector (OPD) and OLED can be fabricated on the same substrate with the same process and the OLED film itself can be used for the integration substrate of the other functional ICs. In this paper, we present a new SpO2/ExG monitoring sticker integrating OLED/OPD with CMOS SoC. It combines the superior optical properties of organic material with the advanced functional performance of CMOS SoC.
Magnetic phase transitions and superconductivity in strained FeTe

The influence of hydrostatic pressure and ab-plane strain on the magnetic structure of FeTe is investigated from first principles. The results of calculations reveal a phase transition from antiferromagnetic double-stripe ordering at ambient pressure to ferromagnetic ordering at 2 GPa, or under compressive strain reducing the lattice parameter a by about 3%. In turn, a tensile strain of less than 2% induces the phase transition to antiferromagnetic single-stripe ordering. It corresponds to the superconducting FeTe thin films, thereby confirming that the superconducting state is positively linked to single-stripe antiferromagnetic fluctuations. Both types of transition indicate that the position of Te atoms in the crystal is crucial for the magnetic and superconducting properties of iron chalcogenides.
The Use of Nostalgia in Television Advertising: A Content Analysis

Nostalgia was used by means of theme, copy, or music about 10% of the time according to a content analysis of more than a thousand commercials sampled from ABC, CBS, and NBC. Nostalgic references were to family activities or to the “olden days,” among other themes, and were most likely to be used with food and beverage commercials. The study suggests nostalgia may be especially important in a changing world because it connects us with our past.
Relatively Small Birth Size and Accelerated Early Growth of Japanese Type 1 Diabetic Children with Younger Onset

We investigated the changes of anthropometrical parameters in Japanese children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) from birth to the onset of diabetes. One-hundred ninety-nine children (79 males and 120 females) diagnosed between 0–16 yr of age during the period between 1990 and 2003 were the subjects of this study. The subjects were categorized into 3 groups according to onset age (0–5 yr; n=74, 5–10 yr; n=61, 10–16 yr; n=64). At birth, the younger onset (<5) group had significant lower height and weight standard deviation score (SDS) compared with the older onset (5≤) group (p=0.01 and p=0.02, respectively). When the changes in height SDS from birth to onset were compared, height SDS at onset were significantly greater than those at birth in the younger onset group (p<0.001). However, no significant difference was observed in the other groups (p=0.95 and p=0.39). These results suggest that relatively small size at birth and accelerated growth after birth until the onset of diabetes may be a characteristic of Japanese T1DM children with younger onset and may further support the hypothesis that emphasizes accelerated growth and subsequent insulin resistance as a cause of earlier onset of T1DM.
A non-contact ECG measurement system for pervasive heart rate detection

A pervasive ECG monitoring system using non-contact electrodes for heart rate detection was described in this paper. The system is composed of the non-contact electrodes, an ECG data acquisition unit, an ECG signal processing unit and a PC-based analysis platform. The system is easy to operate, and it does not require any direct conductive contact between the electrodes and the subjectspsila skin, therefore provides maximal convenience and safety. Our design methodology is critical for home-based healthcare monitoring.
Intervention for a bilingual child with developmental speech problems

Cultural differences and bilingualism should not stand as obstacles in the intellectual and linguistic growth, as well as the social and the psychological potential, of bilingual children. So, the aim of the present study was the construction and the application of an intervention programme for the developmental speech problems of a bilingual, eight‐year‐old child. Moreover, the intervention intended for the improvement of his speech development and especially the enrichment of his vocabulary. The construction of the intervention programme was based on the scheduled treatment and the mnemonic improvement strategy, using the step‐by‐step evaluation as feedback for reconstruction of the next sessions. The intervention that could be applied by a teacher without special training was considered quite effective and should be able to further develop with some improvements.
Classifying complex human motion using point distribution models

The Point Distribution Model (PDM) has been successfully used in modelling shape variations in groups of static images. It has also been effectively adapted to temporal image sets and used to track moving bodies such as hands and walking persons. However standard models do not consider the temporal characteristics of the data and are purely models of shape. This research proposes an extension to the PDM which explicitly considers the temporal sequencing of the images in the motion. The modified model can then be built from temporal quantities such as linear velocity and acceleration which are derived from the images. The new model formulation also enables movements to be tracked and classified according to their distinguishing temporal characteristics. This has been tested against distinct sets of arm movements under varying sets of experimental conditions.
Gender Classification Based on 3D Face Geometry Features Using SVM

In this work we have used non-linear Support Vector Machines (SVMs) for gender classification. The SVMis applied to triangular meshes representing human faces. In this work we rely on handful of 3-dimentional facial features which are extracted from the corresponding geometry meshes. The experimental results show that in our method the error rate is 17.44% on average. It is thought that the approach used to determine gender prior to face recognition would make an automatic face recognition system more efficient.
Association of trait emotional intelligence and individual fMRI‐activation patterns during the perception of social signals from voice and face

Multimodal integration of nonverbal social signals is essential for successful social interaction. Previous studies have implicated the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) in the perception of social signals such as nonverbal emotional signals as well as in social cognitive functions like mentalizing/theory of mind. In the present study, we evaluated the relationships between trait emotional intelligence (EI) and fMRI activation patterns in individual subjects during the multimodal perception of nonverbal emotional signals from voice and face. Trait EI was linked to hemodynamic responses in the right pSTS, an area which also exhibits a distinct sensitivity to human voices and faces. Within all other regions known to subserve the perceptual audiovisual integration of human social signals (i.e., amygdala, fusiform gyrus, thalamus), no such linked responses were observed. This functional difference in the network for the audiovisual perception of human social signals indicates a specific contribution of the pSTS as a possible interface between the perception of social information and social cognition. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Enigma of the Numb-Notch Relationship during Mammalian Embryogenesis

Asymmetric cell division is an attractive means to diversify cell fates during development and for stem cells to balance self-renewal and differentiation. In Drosophila, two signaling pathways, one mediated by Numb and the other by Notch, play essential but antagonistic roles in enabling the two daughters to adopt different fates after a wide variety of asymmetric cell divisions. However, recent studies show that mutating mammalian Numb homologues, m-Numb and Numblike (Numbl or Nbl), and eliminating Notch signaling in the developing nervous system both lead to premature depletion of neural stem/progenitor cells in mice. These findings raise an interesting question as to whether and how the antagonistic roles of Numb and Notch signaling are conserved in vertebrates. Here we provide evidence that loss of m-Numb and Numbl outside the embryonic nervous system also causes phenotypes similar to those exhibited by mice with defective Notch signaling. We further show that very little Numb protein is necessary for embryogenesis and that the presence of different m-Numb isoforms is unlikely to provide a molecular basis for differential regulation of Notch signaling in mammals, as these isoforms are functionally indistinguishable in cell fate specification. We discuss possible mechanisms by which the antagonistic roles of Numb and Notch are evolutionarily conserved to meet the needs of stem cell maintenance during mammalian neurogenesis.
A novel mammalian trans-membrane protein reveals an alternative initiation pathway for autophagy

Autophagy is an early cellular event during acute pancreatitis, a disease defined as pancreas self-digestion. The Vacuole Membrane Protein 1 (VMP1) is a trans-membrane protein highly activated in acinar cells early during pancreatitis-induced autophagy and it remains in the autophagosomal membrane. We have shown that VMP1 expression is able to trigger autophagy in mammalian cells, even under nutrient-replete conditions. VMP1 is induced by autophagy stimuli and its expression is required for autophagosome development. VMP1 interacts with Beclin 1 through its hydrophilic C-terminal region, which we named Atg domain, as it is essential for autophagy. Remarkably, VMP1 pancreas-specific transgenic expression in mice promotes autophagosome formation. Most of the autophagy-related proteins were described in yeast or have a yeast homologue. VMP1 does not have any known homologue in yeast but its expression is required to start the autophagic process in mammalian cells. These findings support the hypothesis that mammalian cells may regulate autophagy in a different way. We propose that VMP1 is a novel autophagy related trans-membrane protein, which may lead the way in the search for alternative mechanisms of autophagosome formation. Addendum to: Ropolo A, Grasso D, Pardo R, Sacchetti ML, Archange C, Re AL, Seux M, Nowak J, Gonzalez CD, Iovanna JL, Vaccaro MI. The pancreatitis-induced vacuole membrane protein 1 triggers autophagy in mammalian cells. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:37124-33.
Optimized Indirect Binary Search and Text Retrieval (preliminary Version)

We present an algorithm that minimizes the expected cost of indirect binary search for data with non-constant access costs (e.g. disk data). The term \indirect" indicates that sorted access to the data is obtained through an array of pointers to the raw data. One immediate application of this algorithm is to improve the retrieval performance of disk databases that are indexed using the suux array model (also called pat array). We consider the cost model of magnetic and optical disks and the anticipated knowledge of the expected size of the subproblem produced by reading each disk track. This information is used to devise a modiied binary searching algorithm to reduce overall retrieval costs. Both an optimal and a practical algorithm are presented, together with analytical and some experimental results, showing that standard binary search can be improved by 50% or more.
EVALUATION OF PROBE VEHICLE SYSTEM BY USING MICRO SIMULATION MODEL AND COST ANALYSIS

The aim of this study is to discuss the feasibility of a system to collect traffic information using probe vehicles in a developing city in terms of cost efficiency. Firstly, the field test that applied five taxies as probe vehicles in Bangkok was conducted to identify their running performance and characteristics. Secondly, based on the result of field test, a micro simulation model was developed to verify the minimum number of probe vehicles that can ensure sufficient data collecting information from which reliable average travel time can be calculated. Finally, to estimate the cost of system, the amount of transmitted data from probe vehicles was calculated when probe vehicles collected traffic information dynamically applying the minimum number of probe vehicles. As a result, it was found that average travel time of all vehicles can be estimated in every 15 minutes at half of all road sections in Bangkok, if all taxis can be used as probe vehicles.
Analysis of human liver proteome using replicate shotgun strategy

In this study, a liquid‐based shotgun strategy was used to comprehensively identify the expression of human liver proteome. Proteins were extracted from human liver tissue and digested in‐solution. The tryptic digest mixture was desalted and separated by off‐line strong cation exchange (SCX) chromatography with a 60‐min elution. The MS/MS spectra were acquired in data‐dependent mode after an RP chromatographic separation combined with linear IT MS analysis. To obtain the most comprehensive human liver proteome, each SCX fraction was run six times in RPLC MS/MS manner. Finally, more than 6 000 000 MS/MS spectra were collected. Using a relatively strict filter criteria, 24 311 proteins (48.42% of the predicted human proteome from human International Protein Index (IPI) protein database 3.07) corresponding to 13 150 nonredundant proteins were successfully identified, in which 7001 proteins (53.24%) were identified by two or more peptides, which could be considered as a high‐confident dataset. Among the 6149 proteins (46.76%) identified by single peptide, 3812 proteins (61.99%) were detected more than twice in six repeated runs. Comparative analysis between different runs shows that the overlap of identified proteins between any two runs ranged from 25 to 44%. Of the nonredundant proteins identified, 8919 proteins (67.83%) were detected more than twice and 4231 proteins (32.17%) were detected only once in six RPLC MS/MS runs. The Gene Ontology annotation shows that the identified proteins come from various subcellular components. In addition, a large number of low abundant proteins were identified. The dynamic range of the approach reached at least nine orders of magnitude by estimating the concentration of proteins.