Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new method in the synthesis of conductive polymers; synthesis, characterization, and investigation of photocatalytic properties of polyaniline

As known, in the synthesis of conductive polyaniline polymer from aniline monomer, the polymerization medium must be acidic. In order to make the polymerization medium acidic, protonic acids such as HCl and H2SO4 are generally used. In this study, two acids have been used to make the polymerization medium acidic. One of them, as we know, is H2SO4 as a protonic acid. The other acid is the zinc ion, which is a Lewis acid. The metal ion has never been used for this purpose up to now. Two polyaniline polymers have been synthesized to prove that conductive polymers can also be synthesized in the presence of metal ions instead of protonic acid. One of them is the polyaniline polymer, synthesized in the presence of H2SO4(PANI). The other polymer is polyaniline polymer, synthesized in the presence of zinc ions as acid (PANI-Zn-PSS). The synthesized polymers have been characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), X-ray diffraction diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-vis.), thermal analysis techniques (thermo-gravimetric analysis, TGA)/differential thermal analysis, DTA) and electrical conductivity measurements kit. The photocatalytic activities of polymers synthesized have been investigated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye in aqueous medium under UV light.
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and convergent and known-group validity of the Turkish full version of the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score in patients with hip osteoarthritis

Objectives: The study aimed to culturally adapt the full version of the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) into Turkish and evaluate its reliability and validity. Patients and methods: Patients with hip osteoarthritis were included in the methodological crosscultural adaptation study between May 2022 and December 2022. We translated and adapted the HOOS into a Turkish version and validated it in a cohort of native Turkish-speaking patients with hip osteoarthritis. The HOOS includes five subscales named symptoms, pain, activities of daily living (ADL), sport and recreation (Sport/Rec), and quality of life (QoL). The psychometric properties of the Turkish HOOS were assessed. The reliability was investigated using test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient; ICC) and internal consistency methods (Cronbach’s alpha). The convergent validity of the Turkish HOOS was evaluated by testing the predefined hypotheses using the correlations with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the European Quality of Life Scale (EQ-5D-3L), a generic QoL scale. Results: A total of 202 patients (131 females, 71 males; mean age: 55.2±9.7 years; range, 50 to 70 years) were recruited for the study. Cronbach’s alpha values for each subscale of the HOOS were as follows: symptoms=0.76, pain=0.94, ADL=0.96, Sport/Rec=0.87, QoL=0.78, and total score=0.98, indicating it has high internal consistency. For all subscales and total score of the HOOS, the ICC values were between 0.77 and 0.86, indicating good to excellent test-retest reliability. All correlations between each subscale and total score of the Turkish HOOS, WOMAC, and EQ-5D-3L were moderate to strong. Therefore, 23 predefined hypotheses out of 24 were confirmed with a confirmation rate of 96%, indicating the Turkish version of the HOOS had adequate convergent validity. Conclusion: This study shows that the Turkish version of the HOOS has a convergent and knowngroup validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. It can be used to assess the patient's perception of their hip and associated difficulties, as well as their symptoms and functional limitations.
Dehydration and mortality of feral horses and burros: a systematic review of reported deaths

: Water is a requirement for all organisms, including equids. Dehydration-caused mortality of feral horses ( Equus ferus caballus ) is often cited as a cause of concern and as justification for management of feral horses, yet a paucity of information exists on the matter. We conducted a systematic review from September 1, 2020 through January 15, 2021 of available news reports of feral horse and burro ( E. asinus ) dehydration mortalities and public interventions to save horses using a public search engine with a priori defined search term combinations and additional snowball sampling. We found 15 uniquely reported mortality incidents representing 744 horse in the United States and Australia that occurred between 1976 and 2019; no similar reports for burros were found. Mortalities occurred during hotter and drier than normal conditions with occurrences escalating through the summer and fall. The number of horses per dehydration mortality event ranged from 1–191 with a mean of 50 horses. Mortalities occurred on a wide range of land jurisdictions including private lands, tribal lands, national forests, national parks, and Bureau of Land Management lands. Increasing feral horse populations in western North America and Australia, coupled with the drought forecasts over the next century, simply cannot be ignored. This study represents the first global and longitudinal assessment of feral horse dehydration mortalities.
mmComb: High-speed mmWave Commodity WiFi Backscatter

High-speed connectivity is key to enabling a range of novel IoT applications. Millimeter-wave (mmWave) backscatter has emerged as a possible solution to create high-speed, low-power IoT networks. However, state-of-the-art mmWave backscatter systems are costly due to the need for dedicated mmWave reader devices. This paper presents mmComb , a mmWave backscatter system that is built to operate on commodity mmWave WiFi. mmComb is developed with the aim that mmWave backscatter tags can be directly integrated into 802.11ad/ay mmWave WiFi networks. mmComb makes two key contributions. First, We propose a technique to communicate with backscatter tags using existing beamforming protocol frames from mmWave WiFi devices, without any protocol modification. Second, we develop a self-interference suppression solution that intelligently uses receive beamforming to extract weak mmWave backscatter signal even in indoor multipath-rich channels. We implement our solution with a tag prototype and 60 GHz commodity WiFi devices. Our re-sults show that mmComb can achieve a maximum data rate of 55 Mbps just by leveraging 802.11ad/ay control frames while consuming 87.3 µW with BER lower than 10 − 3 up to 5.5 m range.
International Journal of Human - Computer Studies

We investigate how gender-anonymous voice avatars influence women’s performance in online computing group work. Female participants worked with two male confederates. Voices were filtered according to four voice gender anonymity conditions: (1) All unmasked, (2) Male confederates masked, (3) Female participant masked, and (4) All masked. When only male confederates used masked voices (compared to all unmasked), female participants spoke for a longer period of time and scored higher on computing problems. When everyone used masked voices (compared to all unmasked), female participants spoke for a longer period of time, spoke more words, and scored higher on computing problems. Effects were not significant on subjective measures and one behavioral measure. We discuss the implications for virtual interactions between people.
To investigate the association of serum osteocalcin with cognitive functional status in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Background: To systematically evaluate the correlation between serum osteocalcin levels and cognitive function status in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) patients. Methods: This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines, and was developed and submitted to PROSPERO (CRD42022339295). We comprehensively searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, and Chinese Databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, and China Biology Medicine) up to 1 June 2023. 3 investigators performed independent literature screening and data extraction of the included literature, and 2 investigators performed an independent quality assessment of case-control studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale tool. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software. For continuous various outcomes, mean difference (MD) or standardized MD with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was applied for assessment by fixed-effect or random-effect model analysis. The heterogeneity test was performed by the Q statistic and quantified using I2, and publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot. Results: 9 studies with T2D were included (a total of 1310 subjects). Meta-analysis results indicated that cognitive function was more impaired in patients with lower serum osteocalcin levels [MD = 9.91, 95% CI (8.93, −10.89), I2 = 0%]. Serum osteocalcin levels were also significantly different between the 2 groups of T2D patients based on the degree of cognitive impairment [MD = −0.93, 95% CI (−1.09, −0.78), I2 = 41%]. It summarized the statistical correlation between serum osteocalcin and cognitive function scores in patients with T2D at r = 0.43 [summary Fisher’s Z = 0.46, 95% CI (0.39, −0.50), I2 = 41%). After sensitivity analysis, the heterogeneity I2 decreased to 0%, indicating that the results of the meta-analysis are more reliable. Conclusion subsections: Based on a meta-analysis of included studies, we concluded that there is a moderately strong positive correlation between serum osteocalcin levels and patients’ cognitive function in T2D. An intervention to increase serum osteocalcin levels can contribute to delaying and improving cognitive decline in patients with T2D.
Cortical perforation combined with Masquelet technique to treat extensive bone and soft tissue injury: A case report

Introduction: We report a case of a serious traffic accident injury to the lower leg involving a large skin defect with the long bone exposed. In this situation, the usual intervention is flap transplantation after debridement and infection control by completely covering the wound. Flap transplantation has certain limitations; therefore, we chose the surgical strategy of cortical bone drilling-induced membrane technology (Masquelet technique). Case presentation: A 28-year-old healthy man was injured in a car accident and presented to the local hospital with a large skin defect and exposed left lower leg long bone. After transfer to our hospital, the patient underwent repeated debridement and skin graft, a cortex borehole combined with bone cement cover, and ankle fusion. The patient achieved full recovery. Conclusion: From our experience in treating this case, we conclude that large skin defects, periosteal stripping, and bone exposure due to physical injury can be successfully treated with cortical perforation and the Masquelet technique so as to avoid flap transplantation. Therefore, this method can be used for large segment bone exposure.
THE K -THEORY OF PULLBACKS

To any pullback square of ring spectra we associate a new ring spectrum and use it to describe the failure of excision in algebraic K -theory. The construction of this new ring spectrum is categorical and hence allows to determine the failure of excision for any localizing invariant in place of K -theory. As immediate consequences we obtain an improved version of Suslin’s excision result in K - theory, generalizations of results of Geisser and Hesselholt on torsion in (bi)relative K -groups, and a generalized version of pro-excision for K -theory. Furthermore, we show that any truncating invariant satisﬁes excision, nilinvariance, and cdh-descent. Examples of truncating invariants include the ﬁbre of the cyclotomic trace, the ﬁbre of the rational Goodwillie–Jones Chern character, periodic cyclic homology in characteristic zero, and homotopy K -theory. Various of the results we obtain have been known previously, though most of them in weaker forms and with less direct proofs.
Joint intent detection and slot filling for Turkish natural language understanding

: Intent detection and slot filling are two crucial subtasks of a text-based goal-oriented dialogue system. In a goal-oriented dialogue system, users interact with the system to complete a goal (or to fulfill their intent) and provide the necessary information (slot values) to achieve that goal. Therefore, a user’s text input includes information about the user’s intent and contains required slot values. Recently, joint models that simultaneously detect the intent and extract the slots are proposed to benefit from the interaction between the two tasks. The proposed methods are usually tested using benchmark data sets in English such as ATIS and SNIPS. Intent detection and slot filling problems are much less studied for the Turkish language mainly due to the lack of publicly available Turkish data sets. In this paper, we translate ATIS in English to Turkish and report intent detection and slot filling accuracies of several different joint models for the translated data set. We publicly share the Turkish ATIS data set to accelerate the research on the tasks. In our experiments, the best performance is obtained with the state-of-the-art bidirectional encoder representations from a transformers (BERT) based model. The BERT model is trained using a combination of intent detection and slot filling losses to jointly optimize a single model for both tasks. We achieved 96.54% intent detection accuracy and 91.56% slot filling F1 for the Turkish language. These accuracies significantly improve (7% absolute in slot filling F1) previously reported results for the same tasks in Turkish. On the other hand, we observe that the accuracy in Turkish is still slightly lower compared to the accuracy in English counterparts. This observation indicates that there is still room for improvement in the results for Turkish.
Formation Control with Leadership Alternation for Obstacle Avoidance

Abstract This paper deals with leader-following formation control of a group of wheeled mobile robots (WMRs) when the leadership alternates among the robots of the group. In the problem presented here, firstly a scout robot is used to search for a path in a previously unknown environment with static obstacles. The path found by this scout is used as a reference for the leader of the multi-robot formation. As the group follows the trajectory preserving the formation, whenever any robot in the formation is closer than a limit threshold distance from an obstacle, this robot assumes the leadership. So the new leader must adequate its position to the reference trajectory, and, as a result of the formation control, the position of the whole group is also adjusted. This way, the whole group navigates avoiding collisions with obstacles. The mobile robots exchange their position information among themselves according to a prespecified communication directed graph (digraph). A different digraph is defined for each robot as a leader. Simulation results are presented for the formation control applied on this scenario.
3‐D crustal velocity structure at the rift tip in the Western Woodlark Basin

We present a three‐dimensional (3‐D) crustal velocity model for part of the western Woodlark Basin in the SW Pacific, where rifting of a continental arc transitions to seafloor spreading. Velocities to ∼14 km depth are constrained by regularized inversion of first arrival traveltimes recorded at 14 ocean bottom instruments from a network of airgun profiles within an 80 km × 80 km area. The 3‐D velocity model images the axis and flanks of the rift basin adjacent to the westernmost spreading segment. Velocity contours that dip north at ∼10° parallel seismic reflectors from within a thick ophiolitic basement. High velocities (7.5 km/s) at the base of our model and preliminary analysis of earthquake P‐wave arrival times are consistent with an average crustal thickness of 15–20 km. Anomalously shallow upper mantle (8 km/s) velocities occur 6 km south of the spreading center at a depth of 3 km below the seafloor, and in the western part of the model, ∼30 km east of the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, at a depth of 6 km below the seafloor.
of Transient Neonatal Diabetes

Intramural haematoma may be subserosal, intramuscular, or submucosal, or may involve the entire thickness of the bowel wall as in this case. There was no reason to believe that the haematoma was secondary to a haematological disorder and investigations for a bleeding or a coagulation defect proved to be negative. The haematoma may have been secondary to injury to blood vessels by direct trauma or by a shearing stress, as in patients with non-penetrating abdominal trauma (Bailey and Akers, 1965). Direct injury to a blood vessel seems an unlikely cause in this case. Histological examination of the biopsy specimen did not reveal any large vessel, as has been reported by McDonald (1966). One would also expect the bleeding to occur into the lumen of the bowel, rather than intramurally, in such circumstances. A shearing stress, with indirect injury to blood vessels, seems more likely. There had been considerable delay before the capsule passed from the duodenum to the jejunum. This can be attributed to the malrotation, which may also have caused some hindrance to withdrawal of the capsule back into the duodenum. It is conceivable that during withdrawal the jejunum may have been sheared, with tearing of minute vessels in its wall, with extravasation and formation of the haematoma. The clinical picture in this case was typical of intramural haematoma, with signs of jejunal obstruction, an upper abdominal mass, and a delay of 48 hours between injury and onset of symptoms. Though conservative non-operative treatment has occasionally been employed in patients with external abdominal trauma (Bailey and Akers, 1965), Stewart et al. (1970) recommend exploratory laparotomy in most cases. While intestinal biopsy has rendered radiological examination of the alimentary tract in true coeliac disease unnecessary, Anderson (1966) suggests that barium studies should be performed in the atypical case to exclude abnormalities such as malrotation which may occasionally be responsible for the symptoms. Leslie and Matheson (1965) described 4 cases of failure to thrive which they considered secondary to intestinal malrotation. It appears that if intestinal malrotation is demonstrated radiologically, it should be treated surgically and must be considered a contraindication to peroral biopsy. Finally Noonan's syndrome is usually associated with mutliple extracardiac anomalies (Noonan, 1968), but the association with an intestinal anomaly such as malrotation has not been reported previously. Summary
Card sorting : a tool for identifying concept blends

The cognitive process of concept blending is a powerful mechanism in making a creative computer system. This master thesis addresses the hypothesis that a card sorting study could be a useful tool when trying to identify concept blends. In order to investigate this hypothesis a card sorting study was conducted using the well-known blends of the windows desktop and the computer virus. The participants (N=108) in this experiment carried out the card sorting task and afterwards two methods of analysis were used; a heat map analysis and an analysis using triangle inequality violations in the conceptual spaces. The analysis of the heat map showed various hot spots for blending terms. When analyzing the results of the conceptual spaces the only triangle violations found were between clusters indicating the presence of bridge concepts. The clusters containing the known concept blends formed the majority of their bridges between the concepts from their base clusters. Both the results from the heat map analysis and the conceptual space analysis indicate that a card sorting study is an excellent tool in identifying concept blends.
Hydrologic assessment of an inland freshwater delta using multi‐temporal satellite remote sensing

The Peace-Athabasca Delta (PAD) is located in the northern extreme of Alberta, Canada and is one of the world's largest freshwater inland deltas. This complex and dynamic ecosystem has undergone substantial change over the last 25 years, primarily as a result of alterations to the hydrologic regime. The remoteness of the region, along with a shortage of hydrologic and ecological information, has necessitated the development of innovative methods, based on the use of satellite imagery, to assess these changes. Specialized image classification schemes were employed to derive a sixteen-year historical database of changes in water area on large lakes and isolated small basins within the delta. The time series for the large lakes has been used to quantify their hypsometric characteristics, information crucial to defining storage terms for hydraulic flow models of the delta, particularly at high stage conditions that involve over-bank flooding. Analysis of the perched basins has proven that, even with the relatively coarse resolution of LANDSAT images, satellite remote sensing of water conditions in the myriad of PAD riparian basins is a viable technique for hydrologic and ecological monitoring. The satellite derived time-series record of water levels on Jemis Lake has also permitted the first independent validation of the perched-basin water-balance model recently developed for use in assessing water-management options for the PAD. Recommendations for future research using RADARSAT are also noted.
Vision measurement method of object position in large remote area

In order to measure accurately position of object in remote large area with vision measurement method, a special layout of vision measurement system was designed. Some calibration objects which have the same height with cameras were placed at specific position in the measurement area. By adjusting carefully the posture of cameras, those calibration objects were imaged at the same pixel row which contained the camera principal point. As a result, the master planes of cameras which were determined by the pixel row which contained the principal point and the optical axis of cameras were horizontal and coplanar. So, the u pixel coordinate of any space point was same with the one of its projection point in the xoy coordinate plane and a simplified calculation model was derived. Compared with the traditional vision measurement method, this method is simpler and more suitable for large remote area measurement. In order to verify the validity of this method, a verification experiment had been made. The experimental results show that the resolving accuracy of this model is very high, and this measurement method is very good to meet the requirement of large remote area measurement.
An Update on the North Dakota Cloud Modification Project

Operational cloud seeding has been conducted over parts of western North Dakota since the 1950’s. Operations began with ground based seeding in the early years, but by the early 1960’s airborne delivery of seeding agents became the preferred method. Currently, a combination of cloud base and cloud top seeding is employed on the North Dakota Cloud Modification Project (NDCMP) using an acetone-based AgI solution, end-burning AgI flares, ejectable AgI flares, and dry ice pellets (CO2) as seeding agents. The goals of the dual-purpose project are to increase growing season precipitation and reduce crop and property damage caused by hail. The project is funded by county tax levies and limited state cost-sharing. Operations are conducted from June 1 through August 31 each year, twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. Every evaluation of the project has indicated beneficial results, but with varying statistical confidence. Rainfall increases on the order of 7 to 15% have been realized in and slightly downwind of the target counties. Crop-hall damage as been reduced by 45% and wheat yields have increased by 5.9%. A benefit-to-cost ratio of 35:1 has been realized for wheat production alone.