Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Liver Transplantation Indications: Expanding Horizons

Liver transplantation (LT) has significantly transformed the prognosis of patients with end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The traditional epidemiology of liver diseases has undergone a remarkable shift in indications for LT, marked by a decline in viral hepatitis and an increase in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), along with expanded indications for HCC. Recent advancements in surgical techniques, organ preservation and post-transplant patients’ management have opened new possibilities for LT. Conditions that were historically considered absolute contraindications have emerged as potential new indications, demonstrating promising results in terms of patient survival. While these expanding indications provide newfound hope, the ethical dilemma of organ scarcity persists. Addressing this requires careful consideration and international collaboration to ensure equitable access to LT. Multidisciplinary approaches and ongoing research efforts are crucial to navigate the evolving landscape of LT. This review aims to offer a current overview of the primary emerging indications for LT, focusing on acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), acute alcoholic hepatitis (AH), intrahepatic and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (i- and p-CCA), colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM), and neuroendocrine tumor (NET) liver metastases.
Air oxidation and seawater corrosion of Hastelloy S and Hastelloy C-4

A program is currently under way at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) to develop the data and technology needed to permit the licensing of /sup 90/SrF/sub 2/ as a radioisotope heat source fuel for terrestrial applications. The WESF /sup 90/SrF/sub 2/ storage capsule consists of a Hastelloy C-276 inner capsule (2 in. I.D. x 19 in. long) and a 316L stainless steel outer capsule (2-3/8 in. I.D. x 20 in. long). Preliminary experimental tests and theoretical calculations show that the WESF storage capsule is incapable of meeting current licensing requirements for heat sources that are to be used for terrestrial applications. Therefore, the DOE decision was to develop a new heat source design that would retain the existing WESF Hastelloy C-276 inner capsule and replace the current WESF outer capsule with a new outer capsule capable of meeting current licensing requirements. Based on a number of factors, Hastelloy S was selected as the outer capsule material. Hastelloy C-4 was selected as a backup material in case the Hastelloy S had to be rejected for any reason. This report summarizes the results of studies carried out to determine the effects of both air oxidation at heat source operating temperatures and seawatermore » corrosion on the tensile properties of the outer capsule materials. « less
Research on the Physical Properties of Cut Tobacco under Different Storage Conditions

In order to explore the influence of different storage conditions on the physical properties of cut tobacco during storage, this study measured the changes in moisture content, moisture activity, and physical properties of cut tobacco. Based on these indicators, the relationship between various physical properties was investigated. The selected storage conditions were a temperature of 23-25℃, humidity of 55%-65%, and storage time of 3-25 h. The results showed that maintaining the appropriate moisture content of 60% and a storage temperature of 25℃ was beneficial for preserving the physical properties of cut tobacco. Among the storage conditions, humidity had the most significant impact on the physical properties of cut tobacco, followed by temperature. Within the limited time range, the storage time had a relatively less noticeable effect on the quality of cut tobacco.
An index for assessing activity friendliness for children in urban environments of Berlin

The physical environment strongly influences physical activity in urban settings. While walkability is frequently assessed for adults, an approach for mapping the friendliness of urban environments focusing on children’s activities is not available. The aim of the presented approach was to identify supporting and limiting factors of activity friendliness in urban environments and incorporate them into a children’s physical activity index (CAI). We conducted qualitative guided interviews with nine- to ten-year-old children and parents of primary school children in Berlin to identify the factors and their importance for describing activity friendliness. Access to activity and recreational destinations, land use, traffic and road safety, and the social environment were the most prominent factors identified for the activity friendliness for children. The newly developed CAI enables a differentiation in the activity friendliness of urban neighborhoods for children.
First Nation observations and perspectives on the changing climate in Ontario's Northern Boreal: forming bridges across the disappearing "Blue-Ice" (Kah-Oh-Shah-Whah-Skoh Siig Mii-Koom)

Golden, Denise M. 2017. First Nation Observations and Perspectives on the Changing Climate in Ontario’s Northern Boreal: Forming Bridges Across the Disappearing “Blue-Ice” (Kah-Oh-Shah-Whah-Skoh Siig Mii-Koom). Ph.D. in Forest Sciences Thesis. Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario. 217 pp.
Research on Temperature-Insensitive Micro-Displacement Sensor Cascaded With Spherical Structure

A temperature-insensitive micro-displacement optical fiber sensor is presented. The sensor is composed of a section of spindle-shaped SMF cascaded with two spherical structures. The sensor characteristics are enhanced by utilizing the bending action of the spindle-shaped structure and the coupling action of the spherical structure. In this experiment, the sensing characteristics of micro-displacement and temperature were analyzed by comparing three sensors with different horizontal diameters. The experimental results show that the micro-displacement sensitivity of the sensor is -521 pm/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> when micro-displacement varies from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$40~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at a horizontal diameter of 4.0 mm. The sensors are not sensitive to temperature in the range of 20-60°. Furthermore, the sensors have the advantages of simple structure, low cost, small volume, easy fabrication and good stability, which is more favorable to promote the application in industrial fields where highly precise control of manufacturing processes is required.
Ground-Motion Prediction Equations for Arias Intensity, Cumulative Absolute Velocity, and Peak Incremental Ground Velocity for Rock Sites in Different Tectonic Environments

7 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil, Environ. & Archit. Engrg, Univ. of Colorado Boulder, 1111 8 Engrg Dr. ECOT 514, Boulder, CO, 80309; e-mail: shideh.dashti@colorado.edu 9 10 11 Associate Professor, Department of Civil, Environ. & Archit. Engrg, Univ. of Colorado Boulder, 1111 12 Engrg Dr. ECOT 517, Boulder, CO, 80309; e-mail: abbie.liel@colorado.edu 13 14 Research Professor, Department of Civil, Environ. & Archit. Engrg, Univ. of Colorado Boulder, 1111 15 Engrg Dr. ECOT 441, Boulder, CO, 80309; e-mail: keith.porter@colorado.edu 16 17 18 Research Associate, Department of Civil, Environ. & Archit. Engrg, Univ. of Colorado Boulder, 1111 19 Engrg Dr. ECOT 441, Boulder, CO, 80309; e-mail: zana.karimi@colorado.edu 20 21 22 Professor, Department of Civil & Nat. Res. Engrg. , University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Ilam, 23 Christchurch, New Zealand, 8040; e-mail: brendon.bradley@canterbury.ac. nz 24
Multi-sensor remote sensing image change detection based on sorted histograms

ABSTRACT Change detection using multi-sensor remote sensing images, such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical images, is poorly researched and thus remains a challenging task. In this study, we address this problem by proposing a novel automatic change detection method. Different sensors have completely different physical principles. Thus, the resulting multi-sensor images have completely different radiometric values. First, we introduce a sorted histogram concept that sorts the bins in descending order, noticing that multi-sensor images with absence of change have the same combination of objects, and each object in different images has the same proportions and a unique range of grey values. The sorted histogram discards the visual property correspondence between images and is capable of capturing the local internal image layout. Then, various histogram-based distances are employed to estimate the distance between each sorted histogram pair. After the whole image has been analysed, we obtain a divergence index map. The sorted histogram not only has the theoretical advantage of robustness in the intensity variations in multi-sensor images but also the practical advantage of low computational complexity compared with existing methods. Experiments on SAR and optical datasets with different resolutions show promising results in terms of detection capability and run time.
Integrated Room Monitoring and Air Conditioning Efficiency Optimization Using ESP-12E Based Sensors and PID Control Automation: A Comprehensive Approach

This study addresses the critical need for efficient room monitoring and air conditioning systems, particularly in educational settings like the STMIK STIKOM Indonesia campus. The paper introduces a novel approach that combines ESP-12E based sensors with Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control automation to optimize air conditioning efficiency. Utilizing an ESP-12E microcontroller, the study designed and implemented a room monitoring tool equipped with DHT22 and BH1750 sensors for accurate measurement of temperature, humidity, and light intensity. We also explores the integration of a PID control system into an existing air conditioning (AC) unit. The PID controller was fine-tuned to maintain a stable indoor temperature of 25oCelsius, even when subjected to external heat loads, such as ten LED lamps. The effectiveness of this system was quantified through real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity, and energy consumption, both pre- and post-implementation. Results indicated a rapid and stable response from the PID controller, achieving an amplitude of 1 within 0.08 seconds, thereby confirming its successful tuning and adaptability. We found that this study has broader implications for enhancing energy efficiency and creating conducive learning environments. However, it is worth noting that the research was conducted under specific conditions, and further studies could explore its applicability in different settings.
Analisis pengaruh brand image dan product design terhadap purchase decision (Studi empiris: Konsumen Scarlett di DKI Jakarta)

Perkembangan industri kosmetik di dunia, diikuti dengan pilihan produk dengan desain yang semakin beragam mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris dari hubungan pengaruh brand image dan product design terhadap keputusan pembelian. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen Scarlett di DKI Jakarta. Teknik yang digunakan adalah nonprobability sampling untuk mendapatkan responden seluruh konsumen Scarlett di Jakarta. Kuesioner yang diolah berasal dari responden yang merupakan konsumen Scarlett. Metode analisis data menggunakan Smart PLS. Penelitian ini akan memberikan bukti empiris ada pengaruh antara brand image, produk design dan juga keputusan pembelian.
Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling and Oxidative Stress: Transcriptional Regulation and Evolution

Since the evolution of the aerobic metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have represented significant challenges to diverse life forms. In recent decades, increasing knowledge has revealed a dual role for ROS in cell physiology, showing they serve as a major source of cellular damage while also functioning as important signaling molecules in various biological processes. Our understanding of ROS homeostasis and ROS-mediated cellular signaling pathways has presumed that they are ancient and highly conserved mechanisms shared by most organisms. However, emerging evidence highlights the complexity and plasticity of ROS signaling, particularly in animals that have evolved in extreme environments. In this review, we focus on ROS generation, antioxidative systems and the main signaling pathways that are influenced by ROS. In addition, we discuss ROS’s responsive transcription regulation and how it may have been shaped over the course of evolution.
High Public Debt in Japan: The Institutional Quality Perspective

This study aims to look at the long-term and short-term links between institutions' quality and public debt. The analysis seeks to shed light on two key aspects: firstly, the influence of country-level institutional quality on public debt, and secondly, the duration of the effects or shocks caused by this relationship. This research employs time-series data spanning from 1996 to 2017 to examine the relationship between institutional quality at the country level and public debt in Japan. Various econometric techniques were employed to analyse the determinants of public debt in Japan, including ’The Unit Root Test, Johansen's Co-integration Analysis, Vector Error Correction (VEC) Model, Variance Decomposition, Impulse Response Analysis, Pairwise Granger Causality Test, and The Toda-Yamamoto Model’. The results of the estimation demonstrate a statistically significant correlation between country-level institutional quality and public debt, both in the long and short term. The evidence indicates that factors such as Voice and Accountability (VA), Political Stability (PS), Government Effectiveness (GE), and Regulatory Quality (RQ) have a negative and statistically significant impact on public debt. Conversely, the Rule of Law (RL) and Control of Corruption (CC) exhibit a positive and statistically significant influence on public debt. The occurrence of public debt can frequently be attributed to the insufficient focus of policymakers, which can be attributed to governance deficiencies. Hence, the implementation of public debt management is necessary to mitigate the possibility of default. The findings indicate that it would be advisable for Japan to enact comprehensive policies aimed at mitigating public debt.
Look Behind You! Playing with Sexual Surveillance in You Must Be 18 or Older to Enter and how do you Do It?

In this article, I consider two indie videogames, You Must Be 18 or Older to Enter (Seemingly Pointless 2017) and how do you Do It? (Freeman et al. 2014), that share an interest in the affective impact of parental surveillance and discipline on childhood sexual exploration. Using close playing as my method, I argue that the videogames reveal the perils of surveillance and its pleasures. Drawing on assemblage theory, I demonstrate the contingency of videogames’ affective impact on players and the world and the—sometimes contradictory—potentials that surveillance produces as part of a sexual assemblage. Sometimes, using surveillance as a game mechanic amplifies sexual affect and pleasure and can thus be conceptualized as an example of “flirting” with surveillance. At other times, players orient themselves toward the videogames as the archetypical “parent”—finding pleasure in “catching” a videogame about sexual exploration and attempting to discipline it. Finally, drawing on Kathryn Bond Stockton (2004, 2009, 2017) and José Esteban Muñoz (2019), I argue that, by allowing players to relive childhood sexual exploration as adults, You Must Be 18 or Older to Enter and how do you Do It? provide players with the opportunity to become a playful child, to loop back through time and re-explore sexual discovery, and thus shape nuanced critiques of the way surveillance shapes sexual possibilities.
Heat-Resistant Inbred Lines Coordinate the Heat Response Gene Expression Remarkably in Maize (Zea mays L.)

High temperatures are increasingly becoming a prominent environmental factor accelerating the adverse influence on the growth and development of maize (Zea mays L.). Therefore, it is critical to identify the key genes and pathways related to heat stress (HS) tolerance in maize. Great challenges have been faced in dissecting genetic mechanisms and uncovering master genes for HS tolerance. Here, Z58D showed more thermotolerance than AF171 at the seedling stage with a lower wilted leaf rate and H2O2 accumulation under HS conditions. Transcriptomic analysis identified 3006 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in AF171 and 4273 DEGs in Z58D under HS treatments, respectively. Subsequently, GO enrichment analysis showed that commonly upregulated genes in AF171 and Z58D were significantly enriched in the following biological processes, including protein folding, response to heat, response to temperature stimulus and response to hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, the comparison between the two inbred lines under HS showed that response to heat and response to temperature stimulus were significantly over-represented for the 1234 upregulated genes in Z58D. Furthermore, more commonly upregulated genes exhibited higher expression levels in Z58D than AF171. In addition, maize inbred CIMBL55 was verified to be more tolerant than B73, and more commonly upregulated genes also showed higher expression levels in CIMBL55 than B73 under HS. These consistent results indicate that heat-resistant inbred lines may coordinate the remarkable expression of genes in order to recover from HS. Additionally, 35 DEGs were conserved among five inbred lines via comparative transcriptomic analysis. Most of them were more pronounced in Z58D than AF171 at the expression levels. These candidate genes may confer thermotolerance in maize.
Impact of Device Parameters on the Performance of β-Ga2O3 Nanomembrane MESFETs

In this study, we have systematically investigated the impact of intrinsic device parameters on the performance of beta gallium oxide (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ga2O3) nanomembrane metal–semiconductor field effect transistors (NM-MESFETs). The ON- and OFF-state performances of these devices were analyzed using a well-calibrated technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulator, focusing on breakdown voltage <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${(} {V}_{\text {BR}} {)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, ON-resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{\text {ON}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, threshold voltage <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${(} {V}_{\text {th}} {)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, maximum drain current <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${(} {I}_{\text {D},\text {max}} {)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and power figure of merit <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${(} \text {PFOM} {)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Two distinct breakdown mechanisms are identified, significantly affecting <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {BR}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of these NM-MESFETs. Interestingly, when studying the effect of individual device parameters on <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {BR}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, we observed an initial increasing trend up to a critical value, followed by a sharp fall and a subsequent decreasing trend. Through simulations, an empirical model is developed that facilitates the selection of appropriate device parameters to achieve MESFETs with high <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {BR}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. In addition, an analytical model of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the MESFET in terms of its device parameters is also proposed and validated with simulation results. The performance of the NM devices is also benchmarked against reported Ga2O3 devices.
Development of a numerical wave flume for the study of scour protection around offshore monopile foundations under waves and currents

So far, the majority of the offshore wind turbines are supported by monopile structures. As any structure embedded in the seabed, erosion/scour may occur around the monopile foundations. In order to counter erosion, a scour protection is placed around the monopile’s foundation on the sea bed. In this study, the behavior of the scour protection will be modeled using numerical tools. De Vos et al. (2012) [1] give an overview of key experimental research carried out in the large wave flume of the Coastal Engineering Research Group - CERG - of Ghent University – UGent -, Belgium, regarding scour protection. Tests were carried out with a scale model (1:50) under the combined action of waves and currents. Three main failure modes have been distinguished: (i) damage of the scour protection by the flow, (ii) failure due to scour at the edge of the protection, and (iii) sinking of the scour protection. The latter failure mode was studied by Nielsen et al. (2013) [2] and a numerical model for currents based on the Flow 3D software is proposed. This study concludes that a porous medium approach of scour protection can be used to determine the bed shear stresses underneath the scour protection, although calibration is needed. Numerical models able to model the sinking failure of the scour protection around monopiles under the action of waves and currents using the porous medium approach are currently not available. The objective of this study is to cover this literature gap. The toolbox selected for the development of the numerical model is OpenFOAM, Jasak (1996) [3], while the wave generation/absorption is performed using the module IHFOAM, Higuera (2015) [4]. In the latter module, the incompressible Volume Averaged Reynolds Averaged Naviers Stokes - VARANS - equations are solved in
High-resolution palaeohydrological reconstruction of central Italy during the Holocene

The endorheic nature of Lake Trasimeno in combination with its position in central Italy makes it a relevant site to better constrain spatial differences in Holocene climatic variability in the Mediterranean area. Herein, we present a high-resolution ostracod record from the Holocene section of an 8.59-m-long sedimentary core, which is compared with historical data to distinguish anthropogenic and climatic signals. The occurrence, abundance and vanishing of ostracod species are directly controlled by lake-level variations, which are in turn related to global and regional climatic changes (i.e. moisture variations). The total organic carbon content as well as observed lithological changes provide additional information about Lake Trasimeno’s hydrological and trophic conditions in the past. Most important variations have been identified at ca. 10,000 cal. yr BP, when the lacustrine basin changed from a temporary to a permanent waterbody (from Sarsicypridopsis aculeata to Candona angulata association). The highest lake level and the total absence of ostracods occur at around 9000 cal. yr BP. The recorded humid phase persisted up to ca. 4200 cal yr BP since when a lake-level decreasing trend started and continued until the present day (Candona angulata, Cyprideis torosa and Darvinula stevensoni associations). The frequency of changes in the relative abundance of the main species shows centennial variations (i.e. C. angulata, C. torosa and Darvinula stevensoni). As historical evidences yield that human interventions to control the lake level remained unsuccessful in the past, Lake Trasimeno records an almost pristine climatic signal during most of the Holocene, which is quite unusual in the highly populated Mediterranean area.