Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rate-Based Flow Control Schemes for High-Speed Group Communication

This paper presents a HiPO (High-sPeed Orderpreserving broadcast) protocol which provides highthroughput group communication service on a highspeed single channel network like FDDI. By the HiPO protocol, every application entity can atomically receive all the messages broadcast in the group in the same order as they were sent. This service is an OP (orderpreserving broadcast) one. The execution of the HiPO protocol is coordinated by all the entities in a distributed control scheme. The HiPO protocol supports rate-based ow control and selective retransmission mechanism. In the rate-based ow control among multiple entities, a problem is how to share the receipt rate of the slowest entity in the group. In this paper, we present a ratebased ow control algorithms which provide less PDU loss and fairness on the sharing of the single channel. We also present the evaluation of the HiPO protocol.
Client assisted location data acquisition scheme for secure enterprise wireless networks

Current wireless networks that are widely deployed for various commercial applications, do not keep track of a mobile user's location. However, location information can enhance security by facilitating tracking of misbehaving users, or though implementation of location based network access. Previous work done on location estimation typically involves methods that use a lookup table comprising the client or access point signal strengths, which are collected manually at short distances throughout the site. This paper proposes a new data collection scheme for building a lookup table using client assistance in an enterprise wireless environment. In this work, a network-bused location estimation scheme is implemented using sniffers, which monitor client signal strength. It is observed that the accuracy of location estimation is improved by averaging the lookup table data collected over time. The client assisted data collection scheme can be used to frequently build lookup tables in an efficient manner and hence improve accuracy in location estimation. Thus, this scheme could be used to implement a location based security policy throughout the enterprise wireless network.
Morphine Acutely Regulates Opioid Receptor Trafficking Selectively in Dendrites of Nucleus Accumbens Neurons

Morphine stimulates the internalization of μ-opioid receptors (MORs) in transfected cell models to a lesser degree than opioid peptides and other analgesic drugs, such as methadone, and previous studies have reported that morphine does not produce a detectable redistribution of MORs in neural tissue after either acute or chronic administration. Nevertheless, morphine produces profound physiological effects, raising the question of whether receptor trafficking plays any role in the in vivo actions of morphine. We investigated the effects of opiate drugs on recombinant and native opioid receptors in the nucleus accumbens, which plays an important role in mediating the behavioral effects of opiate drugs. Morphine and methadone differed in their effects on the internalization of epitope-tagged MORs in cell bodies, introduced by viral gene transfer and imaged by fluorescence microscopy. A mutation of the cytoplasmic tail that confers morphine-induced internalization in cultured cells had a similar effect on receptor trafficking in nucleus accumbens cell bodies. Surprisingly, in contrast to its failure to affect MOR distribution detectably in cell bodies, acute morphine administration produced a pronounced change in MOR distribution visualized in the processes of the same neurons. A similar effect of acute morphine administration was observed for endogenously expressed MORs by immunoelectron microscopy; the acute administration of morphine increased the density of MORs associated with internal membrane structures specifically in dendrites. These results provide the first evidence that morphine regulates the distribution of MORs in neuronal processes, suggesting that “compartment-selective” membrane trafficking represents a previously unanticipated type of opioid receptor regulation contributing to the in vivo effects of opiate drugs on a physiologically relevant population of CNS neurons.
H-NS Mutation-Mediated CRISPR-Cas Activation Inhibits Phage Release and Toxin Production of Escherichia coli Stx2 Phage Lysogen

Shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages (Stx phages) carry the stx gene and convert nonpathogenic bacterial strains into Shiga toxin-producing bacteria. There is limited understanding of the effect that an Escherichia coli (E. coli) clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas adaptive immune system has on Stx phage lysogen. We investigated heat-stable nucleoid-structuring (H-NS) mutation-mediated CRISPR-Cas activation and its effect on E. coli Stx2 phage lysogen. The Δhns mutant (MG1655Δhns) of the E. coli K-12 strain MG1655 was obtained. The Δhns mutant lysogen that was generated after Stx phage lysogenic infection had a repressed growth status and showed subdued group behavior, including biofilm formation and swarming motility, in comparison to the wild-type strain. The de-repression effect of the H-NS mutation on CRISPR-Cas activity was then verified. The results showed that cas gene expression was upregulated and the transformation efficiency of the wild-type CRISPR plasmids was decreased, which may indicate activation of the CRISPR-Cas system. Furthermore, the function of CRISPR-Cas on Stx2 phage lysogen was investigated by activating the CRISPR-Cas system, which contains an insertion of the protospacer regions of the Stx2 phage Min27. The phage release and toxin production of four lysogens harboring the engineered CRISPRs were investigated. Notably, in the supernatant of the Δhns mutant lysogen harboring the Min27 spacer, both the progeny phage release and the toxin production were inhibited after mitomycin C induction. These observations demonstrate that the H-NS mutation-activated CRISPR-Cas system plays a role in modifying the effects of the Stx2 phage lysogen. Our findings indicated that H-NS mutation-mediated CRISPR-Cas activation in E. coli protects bacteria against Stx2 phage lysogeny by inhibiting the phage release and toxin production of the lysogen.
Revolution Defeated: The Collapse of the Chinese Soviet Republic

Abstract:The impressive success of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in northern China against the Japanese and the Chinese Nationalist Party (GMD) was in stark contrast to the failure of its revolution in southern China. There, the Communist Revolution ripped through the countryside, tearing down the old order and replacing it with a revolutionary regime: the Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR). The CSR withstood four massive counterinsurgency campaigns and by 1933 stood at the height of its power and influence. In 1934, however, the CSR and the Communist Revolution were defeated by the GMD. This article argues that the collapse of the CSR was a product of the CCP's radical policies and presents new evidence showing that by 1933 the CCP's class coalition effectively excluded most of rural society. After the Red Army's defeat, civilians brutalized by the CCP in the CSR defected to the GMD, bringing about a collapse of the CSR.
Improving Zero-Shot-Learning for German Particle Verbs by using Training-Space Restrictions and Local Scaling

Recent models in distributional semantics consider derivational patterns (e.g., use → use + f ul ) as the result of a compositional process, where base term and afﬁx are combined. We exploit such models for German particle verbs (PVs), and focus on the task of learning a mapping function between base verbs and particle verbs. Our models apply particle-verb motivated training-space restrictions relying on nearest neighbors, as well as recent advances from zero-shot-learning. The models improve the mapping between base terms and derived terms for a new PV derivation dataset, and also across existing derivation datasets for German and English.
Test for Feature Detection

We discuss 2 tests for detecting local visual features. We use simulated anneal-ing to estimate the parameters of the blurring function in a given image automatically , and then include the blurring in the 2 test. In this paper, each feature with noise is modeled by a random vector Y with a multivariate normal distribution, denoted by Y N(y ; y), and the mean vector y and the variance-covariace matrix y include the intrinsic structure of the feature. The variance in the gaussian blurring is obtained by simulated annealing, and then a linear matrix of blurring B is generated to blur each feature Y. After the transformation f(z) : (Z ? z) t ? 1 z (Z ? B z), the random vector Z becomes a random variable with 2 distribution, then 2 test is applied to measure the similarity between data and the expectation vector of each model.
Behavioral/systems/cognitive Extracellular Dopamine Levels in Striatal Subregions Track Shifts in Motivation and Response Cost during Instrumental Conditioning

Tonic dopamine (DA) signaling is widely regarded as playing a central role in effort-based decision making and in the motivational control of instrumental performance. The current study used microdialysis to monitor changes in extracellular DA levels across subre-gions of the nucleus accumbens and dorsal striatum of rats as they lever pressed for food reward on a probabilistic schedule of reinforcement , a procedure that ensured they would experience variation in the amount of effort needed to earn rewards across tests. Each rat was given three tests. Rats were hungry for the first and last test, but were sated on food before the middle test, allowing us to assess the effects of a downshift in motivational state on task performance and conditioning-induced DA efflux. During hungry tests, DA levels rose in both the shell and core of the accumbens and, to a lesser degree, in both the medial and lateral divisions of the dorsal striatum. Interestingly, changes in DA efflux across hungry tests in the accumbens core were negatively correlated with changes in the effort required to obtain rewards. We also found that—across regions—the DA response to instrumental conditioning was attenuated when rats were sated before testing. Furthermore, the effect of satiety on DA efflux in the accumbens shell was positively correlated with its effect on task performance. Together, the results indicate that tonic DA contributes to the control of instrumental performance by conveying information about the costs and benefits of responding to different striatal subregions.
Zeolite Membranes in Catalysis—From Separate Units to Particle Coatings

Literature on zeolite membranes in catalytic reactions is reviewed and categorized according to membrane location. From this perspective, the classification is as follows: (i) membranes spatially decoupled from the reaction zone; (ii) packed bed membrane reactors; (iii) catalytic membrane reactors and (iv) zeolite capsuled catalyst particles. Each of the resulting four chapters is subdivided by the kind of reactions performed. Over the whole sum of references, the advantage of zeolite membranes in catalytic reactions in terms of conversion, selectivity or yield is evident. Furthermore, zeolite membrane preparation, separation principles as well as basic considerations on membrane reactors are discussed.
Jns Journal of Nutritional Science

Oral supplementations of betaine, choline, creatine and vitamin B 6 and their influence on the development of homocysteinaemia in neonatal piglets Abstract Homocysteine (Hcy) is an intermediary sulphur amino acid recognised for pro-oxidative properties in several species which may weaken immune competence in piglets. In this species, there is an acute 10-fold increase of concentrations of plasma Hcy (pHcy) during the first 2 weeks of life. The present experiment aimed to determine if pHcy in piglets can be regulated by oral supplementations of betaine as a methyl group supplier, creatine for reducing the demand for methyl groups, choline with both previous functions and vitamin B 6 as enzymic co-factor for Hcy catabolism. A total of seventeen sows (second parity) were fed gestation and lactation diets supplemented with folic acid (10 mg/kg) and vitamin B 12 (150 µg/kg). Eight piglets in each litter received daily one of the eight following oral treatments (mg/kg body weight): According to age, pHcy increased sharply from 2·48 µM at birth to 17·96 µM at 21 d of age (P < 0·01). Concentrations of pHcy tended to be lower (P = 0·09) in treated than in control piglets but the highest and sole pairwise significant decrease (23 %) was observed between treatments 1 and 8 (P = 0·03). Growth from birth to 21 d of age was not influenced by treatments (P > 0·70). Therefore, it appears possible to reduce pHcy concentrations in suckling piglets but a combination of all chosen nutrients is required. Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulphur-containing amino acid derived from S-adenosyl-Hcy produced from S-adenosyl-methionine, the major cellular methyl donor. Hcy is known as a powerful pro-oxidant (1) with multiple deleterious effects notably on the immune system in humans (2). In suckling piglets , there is a rapid postnatal development of homocysteinae-mia (3,4). This condition is potentially harmful for these young animals as a model comparing two populations of piglets with high (24·7 µM) or low (16·7 µM) homocysteinaemia showed that indicators of cell-mediated immunity (proliferation of lymphocytes in response to the mitogen concanavalin A) were negatively affected in the former group of piglets, suggesting a weakened immune competence associated with high plasma concentrations of Hcy (5). Blood plasma total Hcy (pHcy), the most common indicator of Hcy status, decreases in sows and piglets following administration of dietary supplements of folic acid and vitamin B 12 to sows during gestation (4,6,7) and lactation (5). …
UPMurphi: A Tool for Universal Planning on PDDL+ Problems

Systems subject to (continuous) physical effects and controlled by (discrete) digital equipments, are today very common. Thus, many realistic domains where planning is required are represented by hybrid systems, i.e., systems containing both discrete and continuous values, with possibly a nonlinear continuous dynamics. The PDDL+ language allows one to model these domains, however the current tools can generally handle only planning problems on (possibly hybrid) systems with linear dynamics. Therefore, universal planning applied to hybrid systems and, in general, to non-linear systems is completely out of scope for such tools. In this paper, we propose the use of explicit model checking-based techniques to solve universal planning problems on such hardly-approachable domains.
An efficient parallel algorithm for solving the knapsack problem on the hypercube

The authors present a new algorithm to solve the integral knapsack problem on the hypercube. The main idea is to use the fact that the precedence graph of the dynamic programming function of the knapsack problem is an irregular mesh. They propose a scheduling algorithm for irregular meshes on the hypercube. The efficiency of the algorithm is independent on the number of processors. They also present some improvements for the solution of the 0/1 knapsack problem on the hypercube.
From a NEXRAD Rainfall Map to a Flood Inundation Map

An application integrating the Hydrologic Engineering Center's (HEC)-Hydrologic Modeling System hydrologic simulation model and the HEC-River Analysis System hydraulic simulation model into a seamless floodplain mapping application is presented. The application is implemented with an ArcGIS 9 workflow model called Map to Map, which converts a map of rainfall data to a flood inundation map. The simulation models are integrated into the application by establishing information exchange points at which time series of information are passed to a model or returned from a model. Communication between simulation models and the Geographic Information System (GIS) is made possible by interface data models, which provide a one-to-one mapping between data structures within the simulation model and the GIS. A case study is presented for Rosillo Creek in Texas, in which the Map-to-Map model computes flood inundation polygons from rainfall data. Map to Map gives the user a powerful floodplain mapping and real-time flood.
Time use surveys and experienced well-being in France and the United States

The last decade has seen a sustained surge of interest in measures of subjective well-being on the part of economists and other social scientists. The vast majority of the academic literature on subjective well-being focuses on measures of life evaluation, as does most discussion of how measures of subjective well-being can be applied to policy. However, measures of life evaluation have well-known limitations, and other measures of subjective well-being, including experienced well-being (i.e. people’s time use and emotional state over time), can be an important complement to measures of life evaluation. As of 2016, however, few countries have included experienced well-being in their official time use surveys, and there is relatively little understanding of how different methodological approaches to measuring experienced well-being affect the results obtained. This paper presents results using data from the US and the French time use surveys, showing that the different approaches adopted by these two countries have quite different implications for the data collected. Results highlight the sensitivity of experienced well-being measures – particularly the U-index – to the choice of affective states included, and shed light on the differing results found in the literature on how unemployment impacts upon experienced well-being.
Control of SiC based front-end rectifier under unbalanced supply voltage

A voltage source converter is used as a front end converter typically. In this paper, a converter which is realized using SiC MOSFET is considered. Due to SiC MOSFET, a switching frequency more than 50 kHz can be achieved. This can help increasing the current control loop bandwidth, which is not possible with the Si based converter switching with 10-20 kHz. Due to increased current controller bandwidth, it is possible to control the negative sequence current without a separate negative sequence current controller. This paper presents a new feedforward controller for the negative-sequence current together with a positive-sequence current controller for the front-end rectifier. A gain in the feedforward term can be changed to control the negative-sequence current. Simulation results are presented to verify the theory.
Optimal mutation rates in dynamic environments

In this paper, we study the evolution of the mutation rate for simple organisms in dynamic environments. A model based on explicit population dynamics at the gene sequence level, with multiple fitness coding loci tracking a moving fitness peak in a random fitness background, is developed and an analytical expression for the optimal mutation rate is derived. The optimal mutation rate per genome is approximately independent of genome length, something that has been observed in nature. Furthermore, the optimal mutation rate is a function of the absolute, not relative, replication rate of the superior gene sequences. Simulations confirm the theoretical predictions.
Stability and dynamic performance of current-sharing control for paralleled voltage regulator modules

The parallel operation of voltage regulator modules (VRMs) for high-end microprocessors requires a current-sharing (CS) circuit to provide a uniform load distribution among the modules. A good dynamic performance of the CS circuit is very important since the microprocessors present highly dynamic loads to the VRMs. Stability and dynamic performance of the CS control are considered. To assess these issues, a comprehensive small-signal model of the paralleled VRMs was developed and experimentally verified.
The Fisher-Wright model with deterministic seed bank and selection

Seed banks are a common characteristics to many plant species, which allow storage of genetic diversity in the soil as dormant seeds for various periods of time. We investigate an above-ground population following a Fisher-Wright model with selection coupled with a deterministic seed bank assuming the length of the seed bank is kept constant and the number of seeds is large. To assess the combined impact of seed banks and selection on genetic diversity, we derive a general diffusion model. We compute the equilibrium solution of the site-frequency spectrum and derive the times to fixation of an allele with and without selection. Finally, it is demonstrated that seed banks enhance the effect of selection onto the site-frequency spectrum while slowing down the time until the mutation-selection equilibrium is reached.
Statistical Language Model Adaptation for Persian Speech Recognition

Statistical language models have long been used to estimate probabilities for the next word given the preceding word history. A language model plays an important role in automatic speech recognition, both for improving word accuracy and decreasing search costs by constraining the search space and/or allowing more aggressive hypothesis pruning. The task of a language model can be understood as calculating the probability ( | ) i i P w h , where i w is the i-th word in the given text and i h is the history of the word i w . Language models represent prior knowledge of word usage in a task domain and, in the case of a stochastic model, assign different probability estimates to different word sequences. Basically, its function is to encapsulate as much as possible of the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic characteristics. Most of speech recognition systems use a stochastic language model. The most common type of language models used in speech recognition is n-gram language model. This model is simple and fast to use while giving good results. The n-gram is quite powerful but it also has some drawbacks, including: no consideration of long distance dependencies, no understanding the semantics, exponential growth in parameters as a function of n, which increases Abstract:Language models are important in various applications especially in speech recognition.
AIDE: ad-hoc intents detection engine over query logs

While keyword queries have become the "standard" query language of web search and many other database applications, their brevity and unstructuredness make it difficult to detect what users really want. In this demonstration, we aim to detect such hidden query intents, which we define as the frequent phrases that users co-ask with the query term, by exploring query logs. Toward building an online search system AIDE, we offer users the function to detect general and unique intents using arbitrary ad-hoc queries at run time. We will also demonstrate the effectiveness of the system which achieves indexing and searching over 14M MSN query log records.
Performance Bounds for AF Multi-Hop Relaying over Nakagami Fading

This paper presents a new upper bound on the end-to- end signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of channel-assisted amplify-and-forward (AF) multi-hop relay networks. The harmonic mean of the minimum of the first P >= 0 hop SNRs and the minimum of the remaining hop SNRs forms the new bound. Closed-form expressions are derived for the cumulative distribution function and the moment generating function of this SNR upper bound for independent and non-identically distributed Rayleigh, and independent and identically distributed Nakagami-m fading, where m is an integer. The outage probability and the average symbol error rate bounds are also derived. Our proposed bounds are compared against the existing bounds.