Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic polymorphism in HTR2A rs6313 is associated with internet addiction disorder

Introduction Internet addiction disorder (IAD) has grown into public health concern of global proportions. Previous studies have indicated that individuals with IAD may exhibit altered levels of serotonin and dopamine, which are known to play crucial roles in depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and addiction. Therefore, polymorphisms in the receptors that mediate the effects of serotonin and dopamine and affect their functional states as well as their activities are suspect. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between IAD and rs6313 (T102C) polymorphism in the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2A) gene, (HTR2A). Methods Twenty patients with IAD and twenty healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Barratt Impulse Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to assess the severity of internet addiction, mental status, impulsive traits, sleep quality, and social support. Genotyping was performed to identify rs6313 polymorphisms in the HTR2A gene of all participants. Results The frequencies of the C and T alleles of HTR2A T102C were 28% and 72% in the IAD group and 53% and 47% in the HCs group, respectively, indicating that the differences between these two groups were significant. No significant difference was observed in the distribution of the CC, CT, and TT genotypes of HTR2A gene T102C between the IAD and the HCs groups. Additionally, there was no difference in the distribution of the frequencies of the HTR2A gene T102C CC and CT+TT genotypes between the two groups. However, the distribution between the TT and CC+CT genotypes showed an apparent statistical difference in the HTR2A gene T102C between the two groups. Correlation analysis indicated that the IAT score was positively correlated with the Y-BOCS and BIS scores for the CC+CT genotype in patients with IAD. Moreover, the IAT score was positively correlated with the PSQI score in patients with IAD carrying the TT genotype. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that rs6313 in HTR2A is associated with IAD, and that the T allele of rs6313 in HTR2A may be a risk factor for IAD.
Design, Localization, Perception, and Control for GPS-Denied Autonomous Aerial Grasping and Harvesting

In this letter, we present a comprehensive UAV system design to perform the highly complex task of off-centered aerial grasping. This task has several interdisciplinary research challenges which need to be addressed at once. The main design challenges are GPS-denied functionality, solely onboard computing, and avoiding off-the-shelf costly positioning systems. While in terms of algorithms, visual perception, localization, control, and grasping are the leading research problems. Hence in this letter, we make interdisciplinary contributions: (<monospace>i</monospace>) a detailed description of the fundamental challenges in indoor aerial grasping, (<monospace>ii</monospace>) a novel lightweight gripper design, (<monospace>iii</monospace>) a complete aerial platform design and in-lab fabrication, and (<monospace>iv</monospace>) localization, perception, control, grasping systems, and an end-to-end flight autonomy state-machine. Finally, we demonstrate the resulting aerial grasping system <italic>Drone-Bee</italic> achieving a high grasping rate for a highly challenging agricultural task of apple-like fruit harvesting, indoors in a vertical farming setting (Fig. 1). To our knowledge, such a system has not been previously discussed in the literature, and with its capabilities, this system pushes aerial manipulation towards <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4{\text{th}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> generation.
Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method Based On Dual Invariant Feature Domain Generalization

In industrial production, complex working conditions often result in poor generalization of fault diagnosis models. Consequently, we propose a method called dual invariant feature domain generalization (DIFDG) for fault diagnosis of rolling bearings. This method is built upon the knowledge distillation framework, wherein phase information is extracted from 1-D signals using the Fourier transform. The phase information remains insensitive to domain changes and serves as the training data for the teacher network, enabling it to learn internally invariant features. Simultaneously, employing the knowledge distillation technique, the student network learns internally invariant features from 1-D time-series signals. To prevent information loss, 2-D time–frequency diagram data is incorporated into the student network training. The student network is trained to acquire mutually invariant features using a class-related loss function for data from various domains. This method trains a student network to extract dual invariant features from the data, enhancing the generalization to applications involving unknown data. Experimental results demonstrate that this approach outperforms other representative methods in both the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) and NEFU_PHM datasets.
Geologic-Slip-Rate Data and Geologic Deformation Model

This report documents the development of the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, version 3, (UCERF3) geologic deformation model (referred hereafter as DM3.1). Although model DM3.1 can be viewed as an update to the UCERF2 deformation model (Wills and others, 2008), it also represents a departure from UCERF2 in terms of the approach used in the development and ultimate purpose. The UCERF2 deformation model was primarily a geological model but also informally incorporated geodetic observations designed to match the total plate rate as defined by the NUVEL-1A model of DeMets and others (1994), as well as specific regionally observed geodetic rates for a kinematically and internally consistent deformation model (Wills and others, 2008). Although this approach served UCERF2 well, it was recognized that the wealth of geodetic observations and geodesy-based modeling approaches were underutilized in UCERF2 and that geodesy-based deformation models represented an approach that could be applied in UCERF3 as an alternative, or in conjunction with, a geologybased deformation model. The current Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP) decided to explore a range of different deformation models including several types of geodesy-based models, as well as a geologically based deformation model. However, because the UCERF2 deformation model integrated geologic and geodetic data with best-estimate rates developed through a consensus process over several WGCEPs (1995, 1999, 2002, 2008) and the National Seismic Hazard Map (NSHM) (for example, Petersen and others, 1996), it became clear that a simple update of the UCERF2 deformation model would not produce a model independent of the geodetic models. This geodetic independence is necessary because some geodetic models in UCERF3 use geologic constraints, so having a set of slip rates based only on geology provides an independent dataset to use in the geodetic models. Also, having a geologically based deformation model allows comparisons between geodetic and geologic rates, important because they represent rates observed over different time intervals, and there still exists debate over which is appropriate to use in seismic hazard models. The Eastern California Shear Zone was one such area, with a significant discrepancy between the geologic and geodetic rates, and was treated as a zone of distributed shear in UCERF2 (Wills and others, 2008), rather than having two alternative deformation models to represent the possibility that the rates could vary over different periods of observation. Thus, one goal of developing model DM3.1 was to deconstruct
Investigating Optimal Approaches for Energizations of DC Systems: The Stepwise Technique

The increasing presence of HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) links and MVDC (Medium Voltage Direct Current) connections in transmission networks needs an in-depth knowledge of the mechanisms that could affect life and reliability of electrical asset components. As for all electrical systems in general, a crucial factor affecting availability of a HVDC asset is the insulation system reliability. One of the most common causes of premature electrical failure of asset components is electrical insulation breakdown or loss of serviceability. MV/HV extrinsic accelerated aging of organic insulation is mainly due to partial discharges (PD). Their presence, even if not promoting immediate breakdown, is almost a certain cause of apparatus life not matching specifications. This paper focuses on energizations on HVDC insulation systems, and, in general, supply voltage variations, which could be affected by PD due to manufacturing, laying, interface, or structural defects (as butt gaps). To minimize PD inception risk, a theory-driven, stepwise voltage application concept is proposed. The basic idea arises from the consideration that the factor playing a key role in PD inception is the jump voltage, and the electric field distribution in insulation during voltage transients is driven by permittivity (capacitance). Thus, energizing an insulation system with a first step lower than the partial discharge inception voltage in AC ( $PDIV_{AC}$ ) and then growing voltage by smaller steps minimizing jump voltage would allow almost PD-free operation (apart from the risk of low-repetition PD at DC steady state if nominal voltage exceeds $PDIV_{DC}$ ). The effectiveness of this approach is proved by means of tests carried out on a simple test object consisting of flat XLPE (Crossed Linked Polyethylene) specimens with electrodes designed to cause surface PD, having available an innovative PD detection system which performs automatically and effectively both during voltage transients and in DC steady-state conditions. The experimental results show that the stepwise voltage energization, compared to the single step energization, could decrease significantly the number and magnitude of detected PD during energization transients, leading therefore the reduction of one order of magnitude of PD associated energy and relevant damage.
Oceanographic influences on the stability of the Cosgrove Ice Shelf, Antarctica

Ferrero Bay, located in eastern Pine Island Bay (PIB) of the Amundsen Sea Embayment, is one of the largest and southernmost fjords yet studied in Antarctica. High-resolution multibeam swath bathymetric data, chirp sonar sub-bottom profiles, and three Kasten cores were collected in Ferrero Bay during the IB Oden Southern Ocean 2009–2010 cruise (OSO0910). Core KC-15 from the inner bay yielded two carbonate ages providing a minimum age for ice sheet recession from this sector of PIB by ~11 cal. kyr BP. In total, seven additional acid insoluble organic (AIO) fraction radiocarbon ages provide a linear age model with an R2 of 0.99. Variations in magnetic susceptibility, grain size, total organic carbon (TOC) and nitrogen, diatom abundance, and foraminiferal assemblage and abundance are used to interpret glacial history and paleoceanographic conditions. Grounding line retreat was characterized by advection of planktic foraminifera beneath an ice shelf that may have extended across the middle continental shelf. Following initial deglaciation, the Cosgrove Ice Shelf covered Ferrero Bay, and productivity was virtually absent during the mid-Holocene, while benthic foraminifera indicate periodic incursion of warm Circumpolar Deep Water. The ice shelf persisted until 2.3 cal. kyr BP, when TOC and diatom abundance increased as the bay opened and coastal areas deglaciated. Abundant diatoms demonstrate open marine conditions and seasonal sea ice during the recent open water phase, while high benthic foraminiferal abundance indicates active benthos. The retreat of the Cosgrove Ice Shelf was out of phase with Antarctic Peninsula ice shelves and ice-core proxy temperatures, implying that it did not respond to Holocene climate events but rather to the influence of Circumpolar Deep Water and possibly to internal glacial dynamics.
Blue Light Attracts More Spodoptera frugiperda Moths and Promotes Their Flight Speed

Simple Summary The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is an important migratory pest that causes severe crop damage. Light traps can monitor and control S. frugiperda. However, the black light traps that are currently used are less effective in trapping this pest. The efficiency of light traps is determined by the sensitive wavelength and the flight-to-light capacity. Our study found that S. frugiperda was more sensitive to blue light compared to other light. The flight speed of S. frugiperda varied significantly under different light conditions. In detail, with dark conditions as the control, the highest flight speeds and the largest percentage of fast-flying individuals were exhibited under blue light, whereas the lowest flight speeds and the smallest percentage of fast-flying individuals were displayed under ultraviolet (UV) light. Based on these results, we recommend the use of blue light traps for capturing S. frugiperda moths. These results provide theoretical support for improving the efficiency of light traps in controlling S. frugiperda. Abstract Light traps are a useful method for monitoring and controlling the important migratory pest, the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Studies have shown that S. frugiperda is sensitive to blue, green, or ultraviolet (UV) light, but the conclusions are inconsistent. Furthermore, conventional black light traps are less effective for trapping S. frugiperda. To improve the trapping efficiency of this pest, it is crucial to determine the specific wavelength to which S. frugiperda is sensitive and measure its flight capability under that wavelength. This study investigated the effects of light wavelength on the phototaxis and flight performance of S. frugiperda. The results showed that blue light was the most sensitive wavelength among the three different LED lights and was unaffected by gender. The flight capability of S. frugiperda varied significantly in different light conditions, especially for flight speed. The fastest flight speed was observed in blue light, whereas the slowest was observed in UV light compared to dark conditions. During a 12 h flight period, speed declined more rapidly in blue light and more slowly in UV, whereas speed remained stable in dark conditions. Meanwhile, the proportion of fast-flying individuals was highest under blue light, which was significantly higher than under UV light. Therefore, the use of light traps equipped with blue LED lights can improve the trapping efficiency of S. frugiperda. These results also provide insights for further research on the effects of light pollution on migratory insects.
Calibration and Georeferencing of Aerial Digital Cameras

The conventional determination of the orientation parameters of photogrammetric images by aero-triangulation is increasingly complemented or even replaced by direct observations obtained from GPS and inertial (IMU) systems. For including these measurements in the image data processing a procedure was developed as well as the design principles of a calibration equipment formulated with the aim of op-timally accomplishing these tasks with a minimum of costs. The orientation parameters directly observed with IMU and GPS sensors are corrupted by systematic er-rors that are caused by error parameters of these sensors. In order to detect the sources of the errors and to eliminate the ensuing errors from the sensor data, homologous image points of object points of the terrain are determined that are recorded during a mission from at least three different camera positions. These camera coordinates together with IMU and GPS data are subjected to a least squares adjustment, which yields the following results: • the orientation parameters at every recorded instant during the mission; • offset data; • systematic errors of the measurement equipment; • precision of these data. The algorithms of this procedure have been generated and coded both for model simulations and for rou-tine services. Calibration in the field is not necessary. The procedure may be applied to both film-based and digital area or line sensor cameras on board of aircraft and space vehicles as well as to on-line proc-essing. It functions also without GPS data. 1. THE SCOPE OF THE TASK Georeferencing of photogrammetric recordings by the direct observation of the orientation parameters is accomplished with inertial and GPS systems. The inertial measurement system IMU senses angular rates and linear accelerations from which the orientation parameters of the camera – positions and angular orientations – are calculated. The IMU system is rigidly connected with the camera. The distance between the camera and the IMU is irrelevant but their coordinate systems must be mutually aligned. Angular deviations are called bore sight angles. The GPS receiver is mounted rigidly on the aircraft; its distance to the external perspective center of the camera may amount to meters. Due to the stabilizing movements of the camera during the flight the eccentricity coordinates of the GPS receiver change continuously with respect to the camera coordinate system. The IMU and GPS data are corrupted by stochastic and systematic errors. These facts pose problems for both the calibration and the determination of the orientation parameters.
Lake response modeling using biologically available phosphorus

Biologically available phosphorus (BAP) was de termined monthly for a year in Lake Sammamish, Wash, and its principal inflow stream, to improve on previously developed re lationships between TP from increased urban runoff and lake response (chlorophyll a and transparency). Relationships were developed between bioassay-determined BAP and a combination of soluble reactive P and NaOH-extractable P. Relationships were consistent whether from Lake Sammamish monthly samples plus summer samples from 29 other lakes (r2 = 0.80) or from the inflow stream (r2 = 0.82). Seasonal changes in BAP were predicted slightly more reliably than TP, using a mass balance model and the 10-year data set. Also, a linear, arithmetic relationship between spring BAP and summer chlorophyll a represented the best fit of past data (r2 = 0.84, n = 11) and is more reliable than published log-log, TP-chlorophyll a relationships for predicting the specific response of Lake Sammamish to increased urban runoff. / Water Pollut. Control Fed. , 60, 1663 (1988).
Applying COCOMO II for a DO-178C Safety-Critical Software Effort Estimation

This paper provides a real example of applying COCOMO II as an estimation technique for the required software development effort in a safety-critical software application project following the DO-178C processes. The main goal and contribution of the case study is to support the research on software effort estimation and to provide software practitioners with useful data based on a real project. We applied the method as it is, by correlating the effort multiplier factors with the complexity and objectives introduced by the DO-178C level A application, resulting in an estimated effort. The rationales for each scale factor and effort multiplier selection were also described in detail. By comparing the estimated values with the actual required data, we found a magnitude of relative error (MRE) of 40% and provided alternatives for future work in order to increase the effort estimation accuracy in safety-critical software projects.
To See and be Seen—Perceived Ethics and Acceptability of Pervasive Augmented Reality

Augmented reality (AR) glasses are likely to become omnipresent, providing a continuous and ubiquitous experience of computer-mediated reality. This new Pervasive AR will lead to perceptual, acceptance, and ethical issues which are increasingly discussed in the literature. However, given such Pervasive AR prototypes are currently not commercially available, little is known about potential end-users’ input into this discussion. To address this, we developed a Pervasive AR (PAR) prototype serving as a technology probe and conducted an empirical study in a semi-public space involving 54 participants. We collected data from focus groups, questionnaires, and observations of users and bystanders. Extending concerns with existing technology, like smartphones and augmented reality, PAR exposes privacy and security breaches with its unprompted, all-seeing capability, has a higher potential to cause societal fractures and divisions, and raises new questions on information transparency and trust with significant implications for the design of future PAR systems.
A geovisual analytics exploration of the OpenStreetMap crowd

ABSTRACT It is sometimes easy to forget that massive crowdsourced data products such as Wikipedia and OpenStreetMap (OSM) are the sum of individual human efforts stemming from a variety of personal and institutional interests. We present a geovisual analytics tool called Crowd Lens for OpenStreetMap designed to help professional users of OSM make sense of the characteristics of the “crowd” that constructed OSM in specific places. The tool uses small multiple maps to visualize each contributor’s piece of the crowdsourced whole, and links OSM features with the free-form commit messages supplied by their contributors. Crowd Lens allows sorting and filtering contributors by characteristics such as number of contributions, most common language used, and OSM attribute tags applied. We describe the development and evaluation of Crowd Lens, showing how a multiple-stage user-centered design process (including testing by geospatial technology professionals) helped shape the tool’s interface and capabilities. We also present a case study using Crowd Lens to examine cities in six continents. Our findings should assist institutions deliberating OSM’s fitness for use for different applications. Crowd Lens is also potentially informative for researchers studying Internet participation divides and ways that crowdsourced products can be better comprehended with visual analytics methods.
High Resolution Hydro-climatological Projections for Western Canada

High Resolution Hydro-climatological Projections for Western Canada Andre Richard Erler Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Physics University of Toronto 2015 Accurate identification of the impact of global warming on water resources and hydro-climatic extremes represents a significant challenge to the understanding of climate change on the regional scale. Here an analysis of hydro-climatic changes in western Canada is presented, with specific focus on the Fraser and Athabasca River basins and on changes in hydro-climatic extremes. The analysis is based on a suite of simulations designed to characterize internal variability, as well as model uncertainty. A small ensemble of Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1) simulations was employed to generate global climate projections, which were downscaled to 10 km resolution using the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF V3.4.1) with several sets of physical parameterizations. Downscaling was performed for a historical validation period and a midand end-21-century projection period, using the RCP 8.5 greenhouse gas trajectory. Daily station observations and monthly gridded datasets were used for validation. Changes in hydro-climatic extremes are characterized using Extreme Value Analysis. A novel method of aggregating data from climatologically similar stations was employed to increase the statistical power of the analysis. Changes in mean and extreme precipitation are found to differ strongly between seasons and regions, but (relative) changes in extremes generally follow changes in the (seasonal) mean. At the end of the 21 century, precipitation and precipitation extremes are projected to increase by 30% at the coast in fall and land-inwards in winter, while the projected increase in summer precipitation