Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tutoría on-line en el entorno universitario

El planteamiento consiste en proponer una manera de planificar algunas herramientas electronicas presentes comunmente en las plataformas de aprendizaje, ejemplificando cada caso de la secuencia con materiales reales de estudiantes de las titulaciones de Pedagogia y Psicopedagogia de la Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU). Asi, se pretende ofrecer una via de reflexion acerca de la planificacion y gestion de la accion tutorial on-line de asignatura.
Sex and gender in the college classroom: A quantitative analysis of faculty-student interactions and perceptions

Students and instructors from 24 classrooms across 8 departments at a major university were observed in this study to (a) assess for sex differences in faculty-student interactions and in students' perceptions of their college classroom environment, (b) compare student perceptions of their college classroom interaction patterns with observed faculty-student interactions, and (c) assess a variety of demographic characteristics together to determine their singular and/or interactive effects on faculty-student interaction patterns and student perceptions. Male and female students did not differ in their classroom participation or perceptions, and instructors did not interact differently with the male and female students. Student perceptions strongly correlated with their own behaviors and with instructor behaviors. Classroom interactions and student perceptions varied on the basis of different demographic characteristics including instructor sex, class size, instructor monitoring of gender-race equity in the classroom, gender relevance of the course, and the sex ratio of the class.
Using image contour recognition in GIS navigation

This paper presents an approach of using image contour recognition in the navigation for enterprise geographic information systems (GIS). The extraction of object mark images is based on some morphological structural patterns which are described by morphological structural points, contour property, and other geometrical data in a binary image of enterprise geographic information map. Some preprocessing methods, contour smooth following, linearization and extraction patterns of structural points, are introduced. If a focus point of a map is selected, based on the extracted object mark image, a dynamic layout and navigation diagram is constructed, which consists of three underlying views: a graph navigation view, an image layout view, and an enterprise information view. In the diagram each object mark image is represented by a node, the relation information between two nodes is represented by an edge. If a node is selected, the new dynamic layout and navigation diagram is found based on the extracted object mark images around the selected node, which contains the relation with the previous diagram. Therefore a dynamic layout adjustment and navigation for enterprise GIS is determined.
Perioden- und Lebenszeitprävalenzen von affektiven und Angststörungen bei Patienten mit einem Schlaganfall

Zusammenfassung: Der Gegenstand der Studie ist die Haufigkeit (Perioden- und Lifetimepravalenz) ausgewahlter psychischer Storungen bei Schlaganfallpatienten zum Zeitpunkt der stationaren Rehabilitation. Von den 180 Patienten weisen 38 % ein depressives Syndrom und 10 % mindestens eine Angststorung nach dem Schlaganfall auf. Bei keinem der Patienten kann eine akute Alkoholabhangigkeit oder -misbrauch festgestellt werden. Die am haufigsten beobachtete Angststorung ist die Agoraphobie ohne Panikstorung (6 %). Insgesamt weicht die Perioden- von der Lifetimepravalenz ab in einer Erhohung fur die Major Depression, fur die sich in Remission befindende Major Depression und nur leicht in der Erhohung der Minor Depression. Als bedeutsame Risikofaktoren fur die PSD konnen vor und/oder nach dem Schlaganfall entwickelte Angststorungen identifiziert werden.
Growing Up and Growing Out

This article describes a journey introducing service-learning based on large-scale projects in an undergraduate management curriculum, leading to supplementing this approach with more conventional small-group projects. It outlines some of the foundation for service-learning. Having students undertake a single class-wide project offers distinctive advantages. The difficulties experienced in early iterations of the course, however, prompted the author to reflect on the literature on developmental psychology and “emerging adulthood. ” This reflection led to introducing a second course based on more modest small-group projects, which can serve as a useful prerequisite for the more ambitious class-wide project enterprise. The smaller scale project class focuses on personal skills, individual effectiveness, and team leadership. Moving later to a larger scale project allows students to learn more about delegating to others, managing performance, designing tasks and organizations, and gaining a sense of impact as a collective unit. Results so far suggest the benefit of both classes taken in sequence.
Adult Undergraduates in Higher Education Journals: A Marginal and Insecure Status

C urrently 7.1 million adults age 24 or older are enrolled as undergraduates in U. S. institutions of higher education, constituting about 43% of all undergraduate students (U. S. Department of Educa­ tion, 2000). The 7.1 million adult students account for a 58% increase over the 4.5 million adult undergraduate students who were enrolled in 1979-80 (U. S. Department of Education, 1990; 1993; 2000) . This figure is also high partly because of community colleges, which enroll over 5 million credit-generating students, among whom almost half are 25 or older (Phillippe, 2000) . Despite the extent of adult undergraduate students, higher education research­ ers seem to pay little attention to them and their impact upon non-profit higher education. A number of researchers have documented this lack of attention to adult students. Townsend, Bragg, and Kin­ nick (2001) , in a study examining five higher education journals published between 1990 and 2000 for information about community college students, found that most of the studies involving students focused on traditional-age college students, even though adult students, defined as 23 or older, constituted almost 60% of community college enrollment in 1997 (Phillippe, 2000) . Pascarella and Terenzini's (1998) comprehensive review of college student studies labeled the failure of higher education researchers to focus on adult students a "substantial" research bias (p. 152). Further, Quinnan (1997) and Kasworm, Sandmann, and Sissel (2000) have highlighted the marginal status of adult students in research, policy, and institutional practices. To ascertain the extent to which adult undergradu­ ates have been a topic of published research during the last decade of the 20th century, and also to ascertain the perspectives from which they are studied, we examined selected refereed higher education journals published between 1990-2000 to (a) determine the frequency with which research on adult students appears, (b) determine the characteristics of this research, and (c) identify the topics addressed in this literature.
Hemodynamic Findings in Normal Children

Extract: We have studied cardiac function and dynamics in 29 apparently normal children under 20 years of age.Table I lists the values obtained for intracardiac and great vessel pressures. There was no correlation of these pressures with either age or increasing body size. Except for the possibility that our data is inadequate for patients under one week of age, these pressures as well as the ratio between pulmonary artery mean to systemic artery mean (fig. 1), appear to be constant throughout the pediatric age range. Arterio-venous differences ranged from 28 to 78 ml of O2/l of blood. The mean was 44.3 ml/l with a S.D. of 15.0. Left ventricular cavity diameters are shown for 11 normal children from our series and 9 patients from the literature (fig.4). The two measurements recorded in the youngest subjects are elevated, probably as a result of our inability to distinguish that area of left ventricular ‘wall’ occupied by the thymus. The ratio of the left ventricular cavity diameter to wall thickness was 7.0 (fig. 5). Calculated systemic, total pulmonary and pulmonary arteriolar resistances appeared to be inversely related to age, height, and weight. Therefore, it seemed that non-linear regression formulae employing the inverse of age, height and weight would be more suitable (table III). Height alone gave the best correlation with all cardiac functions except output.Calculated resistances for both systemic and pulmonary circulations fall with increasing age at approximately the same rate (figs. 6-8). As systemic blood flow increases to accommodate the needs of increasing body size, the denominator of the DC resistance term increases and ‘resistance’ decreases. Since in the absence of shunts, pulmonary blood flow must parallel the increase in systemic blood flow, pulmonary ‘resistance’ decreases pari passu.Speculation: High speed digital computers now make the development of regression equations increasingly simple. These equations will be increasingly employed by clinical investigators in place of ‘surface area’. It is also obvious that calculated ‘resistances’ tell us far less about the vascular bed than was formerly believed. Input impedance calculation will be employed in the future, particularly as better methods for measuring instantaneous flow become available.
The dimensionality of professional commitment

This paper examines the dimensionality of professional commitment amongst a sample of 240 South African actuaries. Data were obtained, via a mailed questionnaire, from members of the South African Actuarial Society employed in the financial services industry. Statistical analysis conducted on the data showed that the 3-component model first proposed by Meyer, Allen and Smith (1993) is appropriate for understanding professional commitment amongst South African professionals. The analysis also showed that South African actuaries are highly committed to their profession. Opsomming Hierdie artikel ondersoek die dimensionaliteit van professionele toewyding by ‘n steekproef van 240 Suid-Afrikaanse aktuarisse. Die data is verkry deur ‘n posvraelys aan lede van die Suid-Afrikaanse Aktuariele Vereniging wat in die finansiele dienstesektor werksaam was. Statistiese ontledings wat uitgevoer is op die data dui aan dat die driekomponentmodel, aanvanklik voorgestel deur Meyer, Allen en Smith (1993), geskik is om professionele toewyding by Suid-Afrikaanse beroepslui te verstaan. Die ontleding dui verder aan dat Suid-Afrikaanse aktuarisse hoogs toegewyd is aan hulle professie.
Assessment centre dimensions, personality and aptitudes

Assessees at two assessment centres (N = 117 and N = 157) completed personality inventories and aptitude tests. Correlations between personality attributes and assessment dimensions were generally low, and suggested that some attributes permitted competencies to be expressed in behaviour. Correlations between intellectual aptitude and dimensions were higher, with aptitude being related to the more cognitive dimensions. Implications for assessment centre practice are explored.
Ground-Motion Attenuation in the Atlantic Coastal Plain near Charleston, South Carolina

Charleston, South Carolina, lies on approximately 1 km of Cretaceous and Cenozoic sediments of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Estimation of high-frequency absorption due to these sediments is important for strong motion prediction. We attempt the measurement using microearthquake data recorded at small distances by surface and shallow subsurface short-period stations in the Middleton Place––Summerville seismic zone. The problem is difficult because it involves potential bias due to the seismic source, propagation through basement, and strong site-specific spectral modulation. Previous studies involving drilling and seismic reflection profiling indicate a 775-m thickness of sediments, with average vertical P - and S -wave velocities of 2.14 and 0.700 km/sec for the network area. The attenuation parameter kappa ( κ s and κ p) for S and P waves is estimated from spectral analysis of the direct S and converted Sp phases. The ratio of S to Sp provides a useful check for bias. Multiple linear regression using all stations yields κ s = 0.049 and κ p = 0.024. The regression results are interpreted as upper-bound estimates because they assume source corner frequencies in excess of 25 Hz. A similar analysis is carried out for a hard-rock environment using reservoir-induced microearthquakes at Lake Monticello, South Carolina. From that, we estimate a maximum potential bias of 0.014 sec–1, yielding 0.035 < κ s < 0.049 and 0.010 < κ p < 0.024 as likely values near Charleston. We favor the lower limits of these ranges because they imply numerically similar values for the path-average quality factors ( Q s = 32, Q p = 36), whereas the upper range values imply that Q s is substantially larger than Q p ( Q s = 22, Q p = 15).
Soft matter in hard confinement: phase transition thermodynamics, structure, texture, diffusion and flow in nanoporous media

Spatial confinement in nanoporous media affects the structure, thermodynamics and mobility of molecular soft matter often markedly. This article reviews thermodynamic equilibrium phenomena, such as physisorption, capillary condensation, crystallisation, self-diffusion, and structural phase transitions as well as selected aspects of the emerging field of spatially confined, non-equilibrium physics, i.e. the rheology of liquids, capillarity-driven flow phenomena, and imbibition front broadening in nanoporous materials. The observations in the nanoscale systems are related to the corresponding bulk phenomenologies. The complexity of the confined molecular species is varied from simple building blocks, like noble gas atoms, normal alkanes and alcohols to liquid crystals, polymers, ionic liquids, proteins and water. Mostly, experiments with mesoporous solids of alumina, gold, carbon, silica, and silicon with pore diameters ranging from a few up to 50 nm are presented. The observed peculiarities of nanopore-confined condensed matter are also discussed with regard to applications. A particular emphasis is put on texture formation upon crystallisation in nanoporous media, a topic both of high fundamental interest and of increasing nanotechnological importance, e.g. for the synthesis of organic/inorganic hybrid materials by melt infiltration, the usage of nanoporous solids in crystal nucleation or in template-assisted electrochemical deposition of nano structures.
What Makes Good Teachers Good? A Cross-Case Analysis of the Connection Between Teacher Effectiveness and Student Achievement

This study examined classroom practices of effective versus less effective teachers (based on student achievement gain scores in reading and mathematics). In Phase I of the study, hierarchical linear modeling was used to assess the teacher effectiveness of 307 fifth-grade teachers in terms of student learning gains. In Phase II, 32 teachers (17 top quartile and 15 bottom quartile) participated in an in-depth cross-case analysis of their instructional and classroom management practices. Classroom observation findings (Phase II) were compared with teacher effectiveness data (Phase I) to determine the impact of selected teacher behaviors on the teachers’ overall effectiveness drawn from a single year of value-added data.
Stochastic consensus seeking with measurement noise: Convergence and asymptotic normality

We consider consensus seeking with measurement noise in directed graphs containing a spanning tree. By using stochastic approximation type algorithms, we show the state of each agent converges in mean square and almost surely to the same limit. Furthermore, we show that the approximation error, as the difference between the state vector and its limit, is asymptotically normal after normalization, which in turn characterizes the convergence rate of the algorithm. Finally, we generalize the algorithm to networks with random link failures.
The Consequences of Social Responsibility for Small Business Owners in Small Towns

This paper focuses on three under‐researched subjects in the corporate social responsibility literature: small businesses, small towns, and consequences of social responsibility for the business owner personally. Small businesses are the vast majority of businesses and make a significant contribution to national economic vitality. Their value to the survival of small towns, where they are often the only businesses, is even more important. Research indicates that the social performance of big and small businesses alike is dependent upon the values and disposition of the top decision maker. Therefore, insight into the owner's motivations for contributing to community betterment and the consequences of that behavior for the business and the owner will add to this literature. Equally important, this knowledge can inform policies aimed at increasing good citizenship for all sizes of businesses regardless of location.
The Effects of Estradiol Administration on the Hepatic Activities of Some Enzymes of Carbohydrate, Amino Acid and Lipid Metabolism in the Immature Pullet

Two experiments were performed to examine the effects of intramuscular estradiol administration on the hepatic specific activities of some enzymes of lipid, carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism in the immature fowl. Estradiol increased the specific activities of the hepatic lipogenic enzymes, ATP citrate lyase and malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NADP), but had no effects on the activities of the glycolytic, gluconeogenic and amino acid metabolising enzymes except for pyruvate kinase and glutamate dehydrogenase which were reduced in activity in both experiments. The results indicate that the estrogen-induced increase in hepatic lipid biosynthesis is due to a specific effect on lipid metabolism and not to a general increase in liver metabolism.
Physical Activity, Aging, and Psychological Well-Being

This review examines the effects of exercise and physical activity on the psychological well-being of older adults. Unlike most of the literature in this area, this review focuses primarily on those psychosocial outcomes that are generally positive in nature. As well as considering the overall effects of physical activity, the roles of program length, subject sex, age, physical fitness, and measurement are considered. Overall, the results of the 38 studies reviewed are overwhelmingly positive, with the majority reporting positive associations between physical activity and psychological well-being. This relationship appears to be moderated by the length of the exercise programs; longer programs consistently report more positive results. There is little evidence that exercise has differential psychological effects on men and women or on individuals of differing ages. Whereas training protocols seem to result in significant changes in physical fitness and well-being, such improvements appear to be unrelated.
Explaining divergent responses to ethnic exclusion: evidence from two paired comparisons

This article asks why ethnic exclusion from executive-level state power leads to armed conflict in some cases but not in others. To answer this question the author develops a nine-factor model of ethnic conflict, which is used to investigate the diverging conflict trajectories of two pairs of ‘most similar’ ethnic groups. These include the Malinke in Guinea and Northerners in Côte d'Ivoire on the one hand, and Kurds in Syria and Turkey on the other. It is shown that varying responses to ethnic exclusion can mainly be traced back to three factors, which have so far been neglected in the ethnic conflict literature: the selectivity of state violence, the territorial reach of the state and the availability of cross-border sanctuaries. Ethnic rebellion occurs where weak territorial control and indiscriminate repression combine with external sanctuary. Conversely, violent escalation is avoided in a context of strong territorial control, selective repression and no external sanctuary.
Optimal Left-to-Right Binary Signed-Digit Recoding

This paper describes new methods for producing optimal binary signed-digit representations. This can be useful in the fast computation of exponentiations. Contrary to existing algorithms, the digits are scanned from left to right (i.e., from the most significant position to the least significant position). This may lead to better performances in both hardware and software.
Development of the vasculature in “pushing‐type” liver metastases of an experimental colorectal cancer

A mechanism for stroma formation (development of vasculature and supportive connective tissue) is suggested in an experimental “pushing‐type” colorectal carcinoma liver metastasis model. The key element is the appearance of smooth muscle actin (SMA)‐positive cells and the sinusoidal lakes at the border of the metastases. These lakes are the consequence of the disappearance (‘stepping back’ of hepatocytes from the border zone, resulting in the fusion of partially capillarized sinusoids. The growing tumor incorporates SMA‐expressing cells and sinusoidal lakes. SMA‐positive cells produce collagenous matrix, whereas the lakes become the central vessels within the connective tissue columns. Formation of these columns within the tumor is a consequence of the compression atrophy of the base of the incorporated liver tissue, leading to partial separation of the innermost part of the invagination containing functional vessel(s) from the surrounding liver. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Determination of variations in glacier surface movements through high resolution interferometry; Bylot Island, Canada

Interferograms were generated from 10 TerraSAR-X image pairs, with the objective of obtaining estimates of winter surface motion for a slow-moving polythermal arctic glacier. Flow directions were computed using both ascending and descending-pass interferograms for each period, with the median value being adopted as the final direction. The weighted average flow was computed, with weighting based on the inverse of the difference between the ascending and descending-pass displacement estimates for each date. This study uses multiple interferograms with different imaging geometries to provide estimates of down-glacier flow. The methodology adopted minimizes the effects of glacier / satellite track alignment and those resulting from vertical motion of the glacier surface. Current velocities were compared with flow estimates derived from a 1992 ERS-1 image pair. The velocities were similar over most of the glacier, but current velocities were found to be 30% to 50% lower on the lower glacier.
The Role of Melanin‐Concentrating Hormone in Color Change

Melanin-concentrating hormone, MCH, is a neuropeptide that has been demonstrated in the brain of many vertebrate taxa, including lampreys,' elasmobranchs,2 t e l e ~ s t s , ~ ~ a m ~ h i b i a , ~ and mammal^. ^^^ Its presence in the reptile and bird brain has not been investigated, but it would be surprising if it were absent from these two classes. The MCH neuronal cell bodies are restricted to the hypothalamus, clustered in one or several groups, but their axons are widely distributed throughout the brain and spinal cord. In most species, rather few axons project to the posterior pituitary lobe, but a major exception to this is found in teleost fishes, in which the pituitary neurohypophysial lobe is the main projection target for MCH fibers. In this group of animals, the neuropeptide has developed into a hormone and serves to help regulate the color of the skin by its ability to cause pigment aggregation within the melanophores, xanthophores, and erythrophores.l~'O~'l This response to MCH apparently occurs only in teleosts and holosteans, and is thus an evolutionary novelty in this branch of actinopterygians. This article considers the extent to which MCH is involved in color change in fishes, and speculates how such a role could have arisen.