Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CENTRAL EMETIC ACTION AND TOXIC EFFECTS OF DIGITALIS IN CATS.

The mechanism of digitalis-induced emesis was investigated in unanesthetized cats chronically prepared with indwelling catheters and cannulas. Ouabain, dihydroouabain, deslanoside and strophanthidin were injected intravenously, intraportally, intravertebrally, intracarotidly, intraventricularly, and intracisternally. Vertebral arterial injection proved to be the most effective means of eliciting emesis, whereas injections into the lateral and fourth ventricles of the brain were ineffective. Intraportal injection of the glycosides was no more effective than intravenous, and strophanthidin was even less effective by the intraportal route. Pretreatment with the microsomal inhibitor SKF-525A did not influence emetic effectiveness or toxicity of the drugs. Vomiting was not elicitable by intravenous or intravertebral injection after ablation of the medullary emetic chemoreceptor trigger zone. The cardiotonic steroids were more toxic when injected intraventricularly than intracisternally, and the central toxicity of the glycosides was more severe than that of the genin. The data support the contention that digitalis-induced emesis is mediated by direct action upon the chemoreceptor trigger zone, but the receptor site can be reached only through the blood stream.
On the Relationship between Probabilistic Constrained, Disjunctive and Multiobjective Programming

A probabilistic constrained stochastic programming model is formulated, where one term in the objective function, to be minimized, is the maximum of a finite or infinite number of linear functions. The model is reformulated as a finite or semi-infinite disjunctive programming problem. Duality relationships are established for both the original and the convexified problems. Numerical solution techniques are presented for both the finite and semi-infinite problems that provide us with lower and upper bounds for the optimum value.
Interannual and Decadal Variability in the Tropical and Midlatitude Pacific Ocean

Abstract Forty-four years of mechanical and expendable bathythermograph observations are assimilated into a general circulation model of the Pacific Ocean. The model is run from 1950 through 1993 with forcing at the surface from observed monthly mean wind stress and temperature. The resulting analysis is used to describe the spatial and temporal patterns of variability at interannual and decadal periods. Interannual variability has its largest surface temperature expression in the Tropics and decadal variability has its largest surface temperature expression in the midlatitude Pacific. However, there are important interannual surface temperature changes that occur in the midlatitude Pacific and there are important decadal surface temperature changes in the Tropics. An empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of model data that has been bandpass filtered to retain energy at periods of 1–5 yr and at periods greater than 5 yr is presented. The results suggest that interannual variability is dominated by .
Effects of Alcohol in Social Context: A multivariate, sequential analysis

Social factors heavily influence the initiation and maintenance of alcohol use and misuse, but researchers seldom study the acute effects of alcohol in social context. This is due in part to difficulty capturing the effects of alcohol on social behavior in a controlled, laboratory setting. The primary aim of the present research was to use systematic observation techniques to measure the effects of alcohol on behavioral responses during an initial group interaction. Fifty-four male social drinkers were assembled into three-person groups, and all members of each group were administered either a moderate dose of alcohol (0.82 g/kg) or an alcohol placebo to be consumed over 30 minutes. This "free drink" period was audio and video recorded, and the duration and sequence of selected smiling and speech behaviors were systematically coded from the videotape. Participants then completed self-report measures of affect and perceived social bonding. Results indicate that although alcohol consumption did not increase the overall amount of participants' behavioral responses, consumption did increase group-level coordination of smiling and speech behaviors over time. Following the free drink, participants did not report improved mood, and self-reported social bonding did not differ between groups. Potential applications of this laboratory-based paradigm for measurement of the acute effects of alcohol are discussed.
CollabMap: Augmenting Maps Using the Wisdom of Crowds

The creation of high fidelity scenarios for disaster simulation is a major challenge for a number of reasons. First, the maps supplied by existing map providers tend to provide only road or building shapes and do not accurately model open spaces which people use to evacuate buildings, homes, or industrial facilities. Secondly, even if some of the data about evacuation routes is available, the real-world connection points between these spaces and roads and buildings is usually not well defined unless data from buildings’ owners can be obtained. Finally, in order to augment current maps with accurate spatial data, it would require either a good set of training data for a computer vision algorithm to define evacuation routes using pictures or a significant amount of manpower to directly survey a vast area. Against this background, we develop a novel model of geospatial data creation, called CollabMap, that relies on human computation. CollabMap is a crowdsourcing tool to get users contracted via Amazon Mechanical Turk or a similar service to perform micro-tasks that involve augmenting existing maps by drawing evacuation routes, using satellite imagery from Google Maps and panoramic views from Google Street-View. We use human computation to complete tasks that are hard for a computer vision algorithm to perform or to generate training data that could be used by a computer vision algorithm to automatically define evacuation routes.
Hypoadrenocorticism in a young dwarf cat-case report

________________________________________________________________________________________ GiuDiCE, E. , F. MaCrì, C. Crinò, F. ViGanò, S. Di PiEtro: Hypoadrenocorticism in a young dwarf cat case report. Vet. arhiv 86, 591-600, 2016. aBStraCt A 8-month-old cat with immature appearance was referred as an emergency, showing lethargy, weakness, anorexia and dehydration. The case history reported two months of apparently neurologic disorders with behavioral changes and waxing-waning clinical course, including temporary remissions associated with parenteral fluid and/or corticosteroid administration. Clinical examination revealed hypovolemic shock, extreme weakness, severe hypothermia, and bradycardia. Laboratory profile revealed several abnormalities consistent with hypoadrenocorticism. After clinical stabilization, an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test was performed, confirming the suspicion. The cat had a rapid decline and died. Probably, previous diagnostic errors and inappropriate treatments compromised the outcome of therapy. We emphasize the importance of early diagnosis in a disease that, although rare in this species, should not be overlooked in the differential diagnosis.
Transdermal delivery of calcium channel blockers for hypertension

Introduction: Calcium channel blockers are a very important class of antihypertensive drugs. Most calcium channel blockers (CCBs) exhibiting low oral bioavailability are required to be taken more than once a day due to their short half-lives which result in poor patient compliance. There is an ineluctable requirement for improved drug-delivery devices for CCBs because of the quantum of their utilization and shortcoming associated with their conventional dosage forms. Areas covered: There have been worthwhile research endeavors worldwide to investigate the skin permeation and to develop transdermal formulations of various categories of CCBs. This review explores the investigations on the feasibility and applicability of systemic delivery of various CCBs via skin. Expert opinion: Transdermal delivery of CCBs has been particularly acknowledged as a potential drug-delivery route in the therapy of hypertension. Several overtures have been made to enhance delivery of these drugs via skin barrier. There have been remarkable research endeavors worldwide to investigate the skin permeation and to develop transdermal systems of various CCBs. Persistent advancement in this area holds promise for the long-term success in technologically advanced transdermal dosage forms being commercialized sooner rather than later.
Surface patch reconstruction via curve sampling

This paper introduces a method that reconstructs a surface patch by sampling along three concurrent curves on the surface with a touch sensor. These data curves, each lying in a different plane, form a "skeleton" from which the patch is built in two phases. First, the Darboux frame at the curve intersection is estimated to reflect the local geometry. Second, polynomial fitting is carried out in the Darboux frame. The use of total (absolute) Gaussian curvature effectively prevents unnecessary folding of the surface normally expected to result from fitting over one-dimensional data. The reconstructed patch attains remarkable accuracy as demonstrated through experiments. This work carries a promise for in-hand manipulation. It also has potential application in building accurate models for complex curved objects which can cause occlusion to a camera or a range sensor
The Redox State of the [2Fe-2S] Clusters in SoxR Protein Regulates Its Activity as a Transcription Factor*

SoxR protein is a redox-responsive transcription factor that governs a regulon of oxidative stress and antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli. Purified SoxR contains oxidized [2Fe-2S] clusters and stimulates in vitro transcription of its target gene soxS up to 100-fold. SoxR transcriptional activity, but not DNA binding, is completely dependent on the [2Fe-2S] clusters; apo-SoxR prepared in vitro binds the soxS promoter with unchanged affinity but does not have transcription activity. Thus, modulation of the SoxR [2Fe-2S] clusters was proposed to control the protein's function in transcription. Here, we provide evidence that SoxR with reduced [2Fe-2S] clusters is inactive. Redox titration of purified SoxR revealed a midpoint potential of −285 ± 10 mV (pH 7.6). In vitro transcription assays showed that SoxR was inactivated when the [2Fe-2S] cluster was reduced (−380 mV), and full activity was restored upon reoxidation (+100 mV). The results suggest that one-electron oxidation and reduction of the [2Fe-2S] cluster regulate SoxR transcriptional activity.
ETAT DES CONTROVERSES DES APPROCHES COGNITIVE ET ECOLOGIQUE EN RELATION AVEC LES HABILETES MOTRICES

Cette revue de question vise a presenter dans le champ de l’apprentissage moteur, le sens des postulats des approches cognitive et ecologique de meme que les critiques formulees a leur encontre. Des documents scientifiques et articles de revues indexees et publies dans la banque de donnees MEDLINE, ont ete selectionnes a partir d'une recherche informatisee. De meme, les mots cles «behavior», «motor», «learning» et les references d’articles ont ete utilises pour stratifier les articles. L’analyse de ces documents a mis en evidence des courants qui sous tendent les approches cognitive et ecologique. L’approche cognitive considere le sujet apprenant comme un systeme qui elabore des representations, manipule, stocke et utilisent des connaissances selon un mode d’enregistrement des informations. Pour ce faire, l'information prelevee par les organes sensoriels est soumise a des calculs, enrichis en comparaison a d'autres informations stockees en memoire, transformee en intentions d'action et en informations prescriptives pour le systeme effecteur peripherique. L’approche ecologique soutient que les regularites des patterns de mouvement ne sont pas representees dans des programmes, mais au contraire emergent naturellement d'interactions complexes entre de nombreux elements lies. Ce phenomene serait analogue a la facon dont de nombreux systemes physiques complexes s'organisent et se structurent sans aucun programme central ni de commande. Les controverses des courants des approches cognitive et ecologique sont evidentes et leurs postulats s’opposent sur des concepts et methodologies propres. L’eclairage de chaque courant peut permettre de faire progresser la comprehension qui sous-tend la production des habiletes motrices en sport. Une telle demarche peut aboutir a une nouvelle approche multi conceptuelle qui faciliterait davantage la comprehension de l’apprentissage moteur aux entraineurs et aux enseignants d’education physique et sportive.
Hepatitis C, A Global Issue: Access to Care and New Therapeutic and Preventive Approaches in Resource-Constrained Areas

Abstract With the advent of all oral direct-acting antiviral drugs with a broad range of genotypic activity and a low incidence of side effects, we are entering an exciting new era in the therapeutics of hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, it is not yet clear who will benefit from these innovations: Will the advantages be limited to HCV patients in industrialized nations or could the whole community of HCV-infected individuals be given access to treatment? As the majority of people infected with HCV live in resource-limited settings it is important to overcome the barriers that restrict access to treatment in these areas. Drug costs, public and professional education, simplified diagnostics, and political imperative all need to be addressed before the majority of HCV-infected individuals can benefit from the new generation of HCV antivirals.
Domain Unconstrained Language Understanding Based on How-net

In this paper, we propose a method for domain unconstrained language understanding based on the How-net knowledge base. The goal is to construct a system that reads in an article and answers some related questions. For each sentence in the article, word segmentation is first applied. Then, the major components such as agent, theme, event, time, and place are extracted to construct a semantic-slot table and a semantic network. Answers of the questions are derived using two approaches, which are based on the relational and hierarchical relation among the major components. Our method is applied to the understanding of the primary-school textbook, and it is able to answer questions in the exercise of the textbook.
A fast, robust and scale-independent approach to estimate vessel diameters in intravital fluorescence microscopy images

Analyzing dynamic biological systems, such as blood vessel growth in healing wounds or tumour development, requires high spatial and temporal resolution. Intravital fluorescence microscopy allows for longitudinal subcellular imaging, but it requires the use of advanced image analysis tools in order to quantitatively extract the relevant parameters or the topology of the underlying network structure to subsequently model and simulate such a system mathematically. We will present a fast and robust approach that estimates the vessel diameter with a low coefficient of error < 6% in settings that are typical for such in-vivo imaging scenarios with a low signal-to-noise ratio and often sub-optimal and uneven background illumination. The generated vessel network is geometrically cleansed for an optimal topological representation
Loss of Ribulose 1,5-Diphosphate Carboxylase and Increase in Proteolytic Activity during Senescence of Detached Primary Barley Leaves.

Symptoms typical of senescence occurred in green detached primary barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves placed in darkness and in light. Chlorophyll, total soluble protein, ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase protein and activity each progressively decreased in darkness and to a lesser extent in light. In all treatments most of the total soluble protein lost was accounted for by a decrease in ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase protein, suggesting that the chloroplast was a major site of degradation early in senescence.Loss of ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase protein was negatively correlated with an increase in proteolytic activity measured against azocasein. Both rates were exponential, with about a 30% difference in apparent rate constants. Cycloheximide essentially prevented the loss of chlorophyll, ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase protein, and activity and completely inhibited the increase in proteolytic activity against azocasein. Since chloramphenicol had little effect on the loss of ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase protein or chlorophyll, or on proteolytic activity against azocasein, it is suggested that the proteolytic activity was developed on cytoplasmic 80 S ribosomes.Kinetin greatly retarded the onset of such symptoms of senescence by inhibiting the losses of chlorophyll and ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase protein and protected against inactivation of enzymic activity. It also prevented the increase in proteolytic activity measured against azocasein. Incorporation of labeled amino acids into ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase during its rapid degradation showed that the enzyme was under turnover. The changes in ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase protein and activity, chlorophyll, soluble protein other than ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase, proteolytic and esterolytic activity during senescence indicate that senescence is a selective, sequential process.
Mycotic Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm as an Unusual Complication of Thoracic Actinomycosis

Although pulmonary artery aneurysms are a rare vascular anomaly, they are seen in a wide variety of conditions, such as congenital heart disease, infection, trauma, pulmonary hypertension, cystic medial necrosis and generalized vasculitis. To our knowledge, mycotic aneurysms caused by pulmonary actinomycosis have not been reported in the radiologic literature. Herein, a case of pulmonary actinomycosis complicated by mycotic aneurysm is presented. On CT scans, this case showed focal aneurysmal dilatation of a peripheral pulmonary artery within necrotizing pneumonia of the right lower lobe, which was successfully treated with transcatheter embolization using wire coils.
La perception auditive de gestes vocaliques anticipatoires

Cette etude, qui repose sur des donnees cineradiographiques, examine la relation entre des gestes labiaux et linguaux anticipatoires et la perception auditive precoce d'une voyelle arrondie du francais, dans des sequences Voyelle-Consonne-Voyelle (V1CV2). V1 correspond toujours a la voyelle [a] et V2 a la voyelle [u] ; C est soit [t] soit [k]. La contribution de la coarticulation anticipatoire a la perception de la voyelle arrondie est examinee, aussi bien sur le plan moteur (articulatoire) qu'au niveau acoustique. La resistivite de l'extension temporelle des effets perceptifs de l'anticipation est egalement testee, avec l'augmentation de la vitesse d'elocution. Le paradigme consiste a generer des phrases par des locuteurs, puis des segments sont tronques et des auditeurs doivent reconnaitre les elements manquants.
The Membrane Protein LeuT in Micellar Systems: Aggregation Dynamics and Detergent Binding to the S2 Site

Structural and functional properties of integral membrane proteins are often studied in detergent micellar environments (proteomicelles), but how such proteomicelles form and organize is not well understood. This makes it difficult to evaluate the relationship between the properties of the proteins measured in such a detergent-solubilized form and under native conditions. To obtain mechanistic information about this relationship for the leucine transporter (LeuT), a prokaryotic homologue of the mammalian neurotransmitter/sodium symporters (NSSs), we studied the properties of proteomicelles formed by n-dodecyl-β,d-maltopyranoside (DDM) detergent. Extensive atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of different protein/detergent/water number ratios revealed the formation of a proteomicelle characterized by a constant-sized shell of detergents surrounding LeuT protecting its transmembrane segments from unfavorable hydrophobic/hydrophilic exposure. Regardless of the DDM content in the simulated system, this shell consisted of a constant number of DDM molecules (∼120 measured at a 4 Å cutoff distance from LeuT). In contrast, the overall number of DDMs in the proteomicelle (aggregation number) was found to depend on the detergent concentration, reaching a saturation value of 226±17 DDMs in the highest concentration regime simulated. Remarkably, we found that at high detergent-to-protein ratios we observed two independent ways of DDM penetration into LeuT, both leading to a positioning of the DDM molecule in the second substrate (S2) binding site of LeuT. Consonant with several recent experimental studies demonstrating changes in functional properties of membrane proteins due to detergent, our findings highlight how the environment in which the membrane proteins are examined may affect the outcome and interpretation of their mechanistic features.
Early reionization with primordial magnetic fields

Early reionization of the intergalactic medium (IGM), which is favoured from the WMAP temperature-polarization cross-correlations, contests the validity of the standard scenario of structure formation in the cold dark matter (CDM) cosmogony. It is difficult to achieve early enough star formation without rather extreme assumptions such as a very high escape fraction of ionizing photons from protogalaxies or a top-heavy initial mass function (IMF). Here, we propose an alternative scenario that additional fluctuations on small scales induced by primordial magnetic fields trigger early structure formation. We found that ionizing photons from Population III stars formed in dark haloes can easily reionize the Universe by z ≃ 15 if the strength of primordial magnetic fields is between 0.7 and 1.5 x 10 -9 G.
Semantic Shape Context for the Registration of Multiple Partial 3D Views

Point-to-point matching is a crucial stage of 3D shape analysis. It is usually solved by using descriptors that summarize the most characteristic and discriminative properties of each point. Combining local and global context information in the point descriptor is a promising approach. We propose a new approach based on what we call semantic shape context to combine effectively local descriptors and global context information by exploiting the Bag of Words (BoW) paradigm for the representation of a single 3D point. Several local point descriptors are collected and quantized from the training set, by defining the visual vocabulary composed by a fixed number of visual words. Each point is then represented by a set of BoWs which encode the inter-relationship with all the other points of the object (i.e., the context). Experiments were carried out on several 3D models. The proposed approach makes fully automatic 3D registration of partial views possible, and generally outperforms stateof-the-art methods in terms of robustness and accuracy.
Automated network management systems - current and future capabilities

Douglas Comer / 342 pages / Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007 / 2007 / Automated Network Management Systems: Current and Future Capabilities / 0132393085, 9780132393089 / Automated Network Management Systems is ideal for advanced undergraduate or graduate-level courses in Networking or for professionals managing networks. Network management is an interesting, but intellectually challenging, problem â€” therefore, there is a big opportunity for research leading to automated systems that manage networks. In this innovative new text, Comer examines possibilities for the future, including ways to build software that automates management tasks. A basic understanding of networking (equivalent to one undergraduate course or experience in the field) is assumed. file download vivebud.pdf