Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of delay-constrained wireless energy harvesting communication networks under jamming attacks

In wireless energy harvesting communication networks, a user receives wireless energy released by an ambient or dedicated energy source, and uses that energy for delay constrained data transmission. However, such data transmission can be susceptible to a jamming attack from a nearby attacker also harvesting from the wireless energy source. In this paper, we consider such a scenario and present performance analysis. In particular, we develop an analytical model for the network based on a Markov chain to obtain various performance measures for the user including throughput and delay distribution. The performance evaluation shows some interesting results. For example, under the jamming attack, there is a maximum achievable throughput of the user. We also validate the analytical model using simulation.
The origin of peculiar jet-torus structure in the Crab nebula

In this Letter, we present the results of two-dimensional axisymmetric relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the interaction between anisotropic pulsar wind and slowly expanding supernova ejecta. They show that the jet-torus pattern recently discovered in the Crab nebula and other pulsar nebulae can be explained within the MHD approximation when the condition of spherical symmetry is no longer enforced. The incorporation of anisotropy consistent with modern theory of pulsar winds results in a highly non-spherical termination shock squeezed along the rotational axis of the pulsar. In fact, the simulations reveal a whole complex of shocks terminating the wind. Downstream of the complex, the outflow proceeds mainly in the equatorial direction, with a typical velocity of 0.6c until it reaches the supernova envelope and gets deflected back into the main body of the nebula. If the global magnetization parameter of the pulsar wind is about σ ≈ 0.01 or higher, the magnetic hoop stress halts the outflow in the surface layers of the equatorial disc and prompts formation of pressure-driven, magnetically collimated polar jets. The typical velocity of these transonic jets is about 0.5c. The simulated synchrotron X-ray images of the inner region of the nebulae are subject to strong Doppler beaming and resemble the Chandra data closely.
Mudslide: A Spatially Anchored Census of Student Confusion for Online Lecture Videos

Educators have developed an effective technique to get feedback after in-person lectures, called "muddy cards. " Students are given time to reflect and write the "muddiest" (least clear) point on an index card, to hand in as they leave class. This practice of assigning end-of-lecture reflection tasks to generate explicit student feedback is well suited for adaptation to the challenge of supporting feedback in online video lectures. We describe the design and evaluation of Mudslide, a prototype system that translates the practice of muddy cards into the realm of online lecture videos. Based on an in-lab study of students and teachers, we find that spatially contextualizing students' muddy point feedback with respect to particular lecture slides is advantageous to both students and teachers. We also reflect on further opportunities for enhancing this feedback method based on teachers' and students' experiences with our prototype.
Language-specific and universal patterns in narrow focus marking in Romani

This paper presents a first sketch of the intonation and rich focus marking devices of Komotini Romani on the basis of an autosegmental-metrical analysis of spontaneous data prosody. Contrary to the “minimality condition” that has been argued to prevail in the choice of focus strategies, Komotini Romani often uses several focus marking devices concurrently. Moreover, Komotini Romani adds stress-shift to the list of focus marking strategies available cross-linguistically.
Categories of domains with totality

We investigate domains with totality where density in general does not hold.We define three categories of domains X with totality X satisfying certain structural properties. We then define the category of evaluation structures. These will induce domains with totality. We show that the category of evaluation structures is closed under dependent sums and products, under a universe constructor and under direct limits. This is applied to domains with totality defined by induction. We investigate the topological properties of domains with totality induced from evaluation structures.
Greenland ice sheet model parameters constrained using simulations of the Eemian Interglacial

Abstract. Using a new approach to force an ice sheet model, we performed an ensemble of simulations of the Greenland Ice Sheet evolution during the last two glacial cycles, with emphasis on the Eemian Interglacial. This ensemble was generated by perturbing four key parameters in the coupled regional climate-ice sheet model and by introducing additional uncertainty in the prescribed "background" climate change. The sensitivity of the surface melt model to climate change was determined to be the dominant driver of ice sheet instability, as reflected by simulated ice sheet loss during the Eemian Interglacial period. To eliminate unrealistic parameter combinations, constraints from present-day and paleo information were applied. The constraints include (i) the diagnosed present-day surface mass balance partition between surface melting and ice discharge at the margin, (ii) the modeled present-day elevation at GRIP; and (iii) the modeled elevation reduction at GRIP during the Eemian. Using these three constraints, a total of 360 simulations with 90 different model realizations were filtered down to 46 simulations and 20 model realizations considered valid. The paleo constraint eliminated more sensitive melt parameter values, in agreement with the surface mass balance partition assumption. The constrained simulations resulted in a range of Eemian ice loss of 0.4–4.4 m sea level equivalent, with a more likely range of about 3.7–4.4 m sea level if the GRIP δ18O isotope record can be considered an accurate proxy for the precipitation-weighted annual mean temperatures.
A knowledge-based framework for the support of sensor web deployment using multi-agent geo-simulation

Sensor Web deployment is by nature a spatial problem since nodes are highly constrained by the geographic characteristics of the environment. Therefore, there is a need for an efficient modelling paradigm to address the issue of SW deployment taking into consideration the constraints of the geographic space and knowledge it provides to support their autonomous decision making capabilities. In this paper we propose a knowledge-based framework to support the simulation of SW deployments in Informed Virtual Geographic Environments (VGE) using multi-agent geosimulation techniques. This framework builds on our previous works on Informed Virtual Geographic Environments, on spatially reasoning agents and on qualitative reasoning about geo-simulation results. The framework is illustrated with a scenario of a sensor web deployment for weather monitoring purposes.
A novel approach for multi-pose face detection by using skin color and FloatBoost

Multi-pose face detection plays an important role in the automatic human face recognition system. The YCbCr color space is used first for searching the skin color regions, then, raster scanning is adopted to obtain the four-connected components, identify the center of each labled block, and search and clip the potential face regions containing the triangular feature, finally, the classifier based on FloatBoost is designed to determine whether a potential face region contains a face. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method performs better than previous methods in terms of speed and ability to handle multi-pose face conditions.
Finding Subgroups having Several Descriptions: Algorithms for Redescription Mining

Given a 0-1 dataset, we consider the redescription mining task introduced by Ramakrishnan, Parida, and Zaki. The problem is to find subsets of the rows that can be (approximately) defined by at least two different Boolean formulae on the attributes. That is, we search for pairs (α, β) of Boolean formulae such that the implications α → β and β → α both hold with high accuracy. We require that the two descriptions α and β are syntactically sufficiently different. Such pairs of descriptions indicate that the subset has different definitions, a fact that gives useful information about the data. We give simple algorithms for this task, and evaluate their performance. The methods are based on pruning the search space of all possible pairs of formulae by different accuracy criteria. The significance of the findings is tested by using randomization methods. Experimental results on simulated and real data show that the methods work well: on simulated data they find the planted subsets, and on real data they produce small and understandable results.
On Controlling Elasticity of Cloud Applications in CELAR

Today’s complex cloud applications are composed of multiple components executed in multi-cloud environments. For such applications, the possibility to manage and control their cost, quality and resources elasticity is of paramount importance. However, given that the cost of different services offered by cloud providers can vary a lot with their quality/performance, elasticity controllers must consider not only complex, multi-dimensional preferences and provisioning capabilities from stakeholders, but also various runtime information regarding cloud applications and their execution environments. In this chapter, we present the elasticity control approach of the EU CELAR Project, which deals with multidimensional elasticity requirements and ensures multi-level elasticity control for fulfilling user requirements. We show the elasticity control mechanisms of the CELAR project, from application description to multi-level elasticity control. We highlight the usefulness of CELAR’s mechanisms for users, who can use an intuitive, user-friendly interface to describe and then to follow their application elasticity behavior controlled by CELAR.
Modeling Decision Making Biases in the Context of a Market

The effects of two behavioral decision making biases are evaluated within the context of a system dynamics model of a market for a commodity, overconfidence and availability. Overconfidence is modeled as an increase in the percent of a trader’s capital they are willing to commit to any trade and is found to have the effect of increasing profits for traders with good information relative to traders with poor information, as well as increasing the volatility of the returns for traders with good information more than for traders with poor information. The Availability Bias is modeled as a overweighting of information easily available to a trader and is found to have the effect of increasing the returns of traders with good information easily available to them and decreasing the returns of traders with poor information easily available.
Shellability of Complexes of Trees

We show that for allk? 1 andn? 0 the simplicial complexes T(k)nof all leaf-labelled trees withnk+2 leaves and all interior vertices of degreeskl+2 (l? 1) are shellable. This yields a direct combinatorial proof that they are Cohen? Macaulay and that their homotopy types are wedges of spheres.
Extrinsic camera parameters estimation for shape-from-depths

3D reconstruction from multiple view images requires that camera parameters are very accurately known and standard camera calibration techniques [1] often fail to provide the required level of accuracy for the extrinsic camera parameters. Using the Kinect depth camera, we propose to estimate camera parameters by minimising the cross correlation between density functions modelled for each recorded depth images. We illustrate experimentally how this improves the modelling for estimating 3D shape from Depths.
Three-dimensional Motion Planning Algorithms for Steerable Needles Using Inverse Kinematics

Steerable needles can be used in medical applications to reach targets behind sensitive or impenetrable areas. The kinematics of a steerable needle are non-holonomic and, in two dimensions, equivalent to a Dubins car with constant radius of curvature. In three dimensions, the needle can be interpreted as an airplane with constant speed and pitch rate, zero yaw, and controllable roll angle. We present a constant-time motion planning algorithm for steerable needles based on explicit geometric inverse kinematics similar to the classic Paden— Kahan subproblems. Reachability and path competitivity are analyzed using analytic comparisons with shortest path solutions for the Dubins car (for two dimensions) and numerical simulations (for three dimensions). We also present an algorithm for local path adaptation using null-space results from redundant manipulator theory. Finally, we discuss several ways to use and extend the inverse kinematics solution to generate needle paths that avoid obstacles.
Video play: playful interactions in video conferencing for long-distance families with young children

Long-distance families are increasingly staying connected with free video conferencing tools. However research has highlighted a need for shared activities for long-distance family communication. While video technology is reportedly superior to audio-only tools for children under age 7, the tools themselves are not designed to accommodate children's or families' needs. This paper introduces four design explorations of shared play activities over video conferencing that support family togetherness between children and remote adult family members. We build on research in CSCW and child development to create opportunities for silliness and open-ended play between adults and young children. Our goal is to scaffold interaction across distance and generations.
Background modelling and background subtraction performance for object detection

Moving object detection in video applications is usually performed based on techniques such as background subtraction, optical flow and temporal differencing. The most popular literature technique approach to detect moving object from video sequences is background subtraction. This approach utilized mathematical model of static background and comparing it with every new frame of video sequence. In this paper, background subtraction technique using Mixture of Gaussian (MoG) method is conducted for detection of moving object at outdoor environment. Focus is specified at the five parameters of MoG namely background component weight threshold (TS), standard deviation scaling factor (D), user-define learning rate (α), Total number of Gaussian components (K) and Maximum number of components M in the background model (M) to give significant impact in producing the optimize background subtraction process. Experimental results showed that by varying each of the parameter can produce acceptable results that enable us to propose suitable parameter range of each parameter for detection of moving object in an outdoor environment.
Tag-based object similarity computation using term space dimension reduction

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for measuring similarity between web objects. Our similarity measure is defined based on the representation of a web object as a collection of tags. Precisely, we first construct a vector space in which multiple terms are mapped into a single dimension by using information available from Open Directory Project and Delicious.com. Then we position web objects in the vector space and apply the traditional cosine measure for similarity computation. We demonstrate that the proposed similarity computation method is able to overcome the limitation of traditional vector space approach while at the same time require less computational cost compares to LSI (Latent Semantic Indexing).
A Homolog of the Vertebrate Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Is Both Necessary and Instructive for the Rapid Formation of Associative Memory in an Invertebrate

Similar to other invertebrate and vertebrate animals, cAMP-dependent signaling cascades are key components of long-term memory (LTM) formation in the snail Lymnaea stagnalis, an established experimental model for studying evolutionarily conserved molecular mechanisms of long-term associative memory. Although a great deal is already known about the signaling cascades activated by cAMP, the molecules involved in the learning-induced activation of adenylate cyclase (AC) in Lymnaea remained unknown. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy in combination with biochemical and immunohistochemical methods, recently we have obtained evidence for the existence of a Lymnaea homolog of the vertebrate pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and for the AC-activating effect of PACAP in the Lymnaea nervous system. Here we first tested the hypothesis that PACAP plays an important role in the formation of robust LTM after single-trial classical food-reward conditioning. Application of the PACAP receptor antagonist PACAP6-38 around the time of single-trial training with amyl acetate and sucrose blocked associative LTM, suggesting that in this “strong” food-reward conditioning paradigm the activation of AC by PACAP was necessary for LTM to form. We found that in a “weak” multitrial food-reward conditioning paradigm, lip touch paired with sucrose, memory formation was also dependent on PACAP. Significantly, systemic application of PACAP at the beginning of multitrial tactile conditioning accelerated the formation of transcription-dependent memory. Our findings provide the first evidence to show that in the same nervous system PACAP is both necessary and instructive for fast and robust memory formation after reward classical conditioning.
The primordial lithium abundance

Lithium abundances in a selected sample of halo stars have been revised by using the new accurate IRFM effective temperatures by Alonso, Arribas & Mart´onez-Roger (1996a). From 41 plateau stars (Teff > 5700 and [Fe/H] � -1.5) we found no evidence for intrinsic dispersion, a tiny trend with Teff and no trend with [Fe/H]. The trend with the Teff is fully consistent with the standard Li isochrones of Deliyannis, Demarque & Kawaler (1990) implying a primordial value for Li of A(Li)= 2.238 ± 0.0121� ± 0.05sys . The present results argue against any kind of depletion predicted by diffusion, rotational mixing or stellar winds. Therefore the Li observed in Pop II stars provides a direct and reliable estimate of the baryonic density that can rival other baryonic indicators such as the deuterium in high redshift systems. The present upwards revision of primordial Li in the framework of SBBN gives at 1� two solutions for the baryonic density: Bh 2 = 0.0062 +0.0018
Cognition as Interaction

Many cognitive activities are irreducibly social, involving interaction between several different agents. We look at some examples of this in linguistic communication and games, and show how logical methods provide exact models for the relevant information flow and world change. Finally, we discuss possible connections in this arena between logico-computational approaches and experimental cognitive science.
Applying Software Engineering to Agent Development

Developing intelligent agents and cognitive models is a complex software engineering activity. This article shows how all intelligent agent creation tools can be improved by taking advantage of established software engineering principles such as high-level languages, maintenance-oriented development environments, and software reuse. We describe how these principles have been realized in the Herbal integrated development environment, a collection of tools that allows agent developers to exploit modern software engineering principles.
Sources of Stimulus-Response Compatibility: Frames, Rules, and Response Tendencies~!2009-05-20~!2009-07-28~!2009-12-24~!

While a taxonomic approach to maximizing stimulus-response (S-R) compatibility is frequently applied to improve system design, it can fall short because no taxonomy is ever complete. A model-based approach may uncover additional system flaws and can help us to understand the sources of S-R compatibility. A satisfactory model is defined as one that is acceptable on two vital dimensions: It is both theoretically correct and easy for system designers to use. This article revisits a satisfactory hierarchical model of S-R compatibility proposed by Kantowitz, Triggs and Barnes [1]. The model presupposes a recursive combination of frames, rules, and response tendencies to explain how actions are derived from stimuli mapped to responses. Several recent studies of S-R compatibility were selected to exercise the model. By using frames, rules, and response tendencies the hierarchical model generated explanations that are consistent with these empirical results. Control-display compatibility is maximized when frames, rules, and response tendencies are aligned.
The Discovery of Relevant Data-Sources in a Smart City Environment

Among all the Internet of Things (IoT) applications, the Smart City concept has received significant attention in the last few years. The main motivation behind this interest is attributable to population growth and urbanization trend. Cities need, indeed, to be ready to face new challenges - e.g., traffic congestion, wast management, etc. - caused by this new amount of citizens. To address those issues, many IoT solutions have already been proposed and many others are still under investigation; anyway, those initiatives are all based on different standards and protocols, while the Smart City concept requires integration among all the stakeholders. In this paper, we present the VITAL architecture, which aims to integrate Internet- Connected Objects (ICOs) among multiple IoT platforms and ecosystems. In particular, we introduce the "ICOs and Services Discovery" module, which makes completely transparent, for users, the exploration of data-sources that are appropriate for his/her business context. This mechanism is at the basis of the Cloud of Things paradigm and a key feature as the platform agnostic property is an essential goal for VITAL.
Optimized Ultralow-Power Amplifier for OOK Transmitter With Shaped Voltage Drive

For a highly efficient ON-OFF keying (OOK) transmitter, a microwatt-level ultralow-power (ULP) driver and power amplifier (PA) are designed. For efficient amplification with very high optimum impedance in the ULP application, a class-C topology is implemented and loadpull simulations are carried out to show that the proposed PA can achieve good efficiency at high optimum load impedance without any harmonic tuning. In addition, a voltage-shaping driver is optimized together with the PA for an efficient drive. The proposed driver shapes the PA input voltage into a waveform having a small conduction angle. The shaped input voltage drives the PA to a saturated operation for good efficiency even if the supply voltage is low in the drive stage. The developed driver and PA are implemented in a CMOS 65-nm process and support a 1-Mb/s OOK modulated signal. The implemented PA achieves a drain efficiency of 50.8% at the -6.8-dBm output power and 49.8% at the -10-dBm output power when transmitting continuous 1 signal.