Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Associations between socio-economic circumstances at two stages of life and adolescents' oral health status.

UNLABELLED There is a consistent association between unfavourable socio-economic circumstances and oral health. Although the effects of poor social circumstances in childhood are known to have lasting influences on general health, there is little information on their effects regarding chronic oral diseases. OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between oral health status and socio-economic circumstances at two different periods of adolescents' life. METHODS A two-phase cross sectional study was carried out in Brazil. In Phase I, 652 13-year-olds were clinically examined and interviewed. In the second phase, 311 families were randomly selected for in-depth interviews. Information was collected on several indicators of socio-economic circumstances, family related variables, school grade level, and oral health behaviour, at two different life stages, at birth and at 13 years of age. The outcome variable was oral health status at the age of 13. It was constructed by counting the worst scores of DMFT, gingival bleeding, calculus and dental plaque. The data analysis used stepwise logistic regression. RESULTS The response rates for phases I and II were 85% and 94%. Boys, those at a lower grade level at school for their age, and those who experienced high levels of material deprivation at birth and at the age of 13 were more likely to have high levels of oral diseases; the odds ratios were 4.12 (1.86-9.16), 2.41 (1.01-5.76) and 4.61 (1.30-16.3), respectively. CONCLUSION Brazilian adolescents experiencing adverse socio-economic circumstances at birth and at the age of 13 had high levels of oral diseases.
The grandiculus- and metacarpalis-group of the genus Apanteles Foerster, 1862 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from China, with descriptions of eight new species.

Two species groups (the grandiculus- and the metacarpalis-group) of genus Apanteles Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from China are revised and keyed, with eight new species, namely, A. muticiculus Liu & Chen, sp. n. , A. parvus Liu & Chen, sp. n. and A. flavicapus Liu & Chen, sp. n. of the grandiculus-group; A. transtergum Liu & Chen, sp. n. , A. malleus Liu & Chen, sp. n. , A. dumosus Liu & Chen, sp. n. A. cosmopterygivorus Liu & Chen, sp. n. and A. incurvus Liu & Chen, sp. n. of the metacarpalis-group, and two newly recorded species of the metacarpalis-group described and illustrated. Keys to the Chinese species of these two species-groups are provided.
Code subspaces for LLM geometries

We consider effective field theory around classical background geometries with a gauge theory dual, specifically those in the class of LLM geometries. These are dual to half-BPS states of N=4 SYM. We find that the language of code subspaces is natural for discussing the set of nearby states, which are built by acting with effective fields on these backgrounds. This work extends our previous work by going beyond the strict infinite N limit. We further discuss how one can extract the topology of the state beyond N→∞ and find that, as before, uncertainty and entanglement entropy calculations provide a useful tool to do so. Finally, we discuss obstructions to writing down a globally defined metric operator. We find that the answer depends on the choice of reference state that one starts with. Therefore, within this setup, there is ambiguity in trying to write an operator that describes the metric globally.
Perceptions of palliative care among hematologic malignancy specialists: A mixed-methods study.

9 Background: Patients with hematologic malignancies have unmet palliative care needs but are less likely to receive specialist palliative care services than patients with solid tumors. This difference is poorly understood. METHODS Multisite, mixed-methods study to understand and contrast perceptions of palliative care among hematologic oncologists and solid tumor oncologists. Between February and October 2012, oncologists at 3 academic medical centers with well-established palliative care services completed surveys assessing referral practices and in-depth, semi-structured interviews about their views of palliative care. We compared referral patterns using standard statistical methods. We then analyzed qualitative interview data using constant comparative methods to explore reasons for observed differences. RESULTS Among 66 interviewees, 23 oncologists cared exclusively for patients with hematologic malignancies, and 43 treated only patients with solid tumors. Seven of 23 hematologic oncologists (30%) reported never referring a patient to palliative care; all solid tumor oncologists had previously referred (p<0.001). In qualitative analyses, most hematologic oncologists viewed palliative care as end-of-life care, while most solid tumor oncologists viewed palliative care as a subspecialty that could assist with complex cases and/or offload burden in a busy clinic. Solid tumor oncologists emphasized practical barriers to palliative care referral, such as appointment availability and reimbursement issues. Hematologic oncologists emphasized philosophical concerns about palliative care referrals, including different treatment goals, responsiveness to chemotherapy, and a preference to control palliative aspects of patient care. CONCLUSIONS Most hematologic oncologists view palliative care as end-of-life care, while solid tumor oncologists more often view palliative care as a subspecialty for co-managing complex patients. Efforts to integrate palliative care into hematologic malignancy practices will require solutions that address unique barriers to palliative care referral experienced by hematologic oncologists.
A Wireless Body Sensor Network System for Healthcare Monitoring Application

A four levels hierarchy wireless body sensor network (WBSN) is proposed for monitoring healthcare applications. It is separated into communication and control systems. In the communication system, the carrier frequency used in the human body is 402-405 MHz as medical implant communication systems (MICS) band by FCC and the coexistent wireless communication system (2.4 / 60 GHz) was used to transmit the merged biomedical data in the higher levels of the communication system. An adaptive low power and variable resolution control systems are designed into the control system. In order to improve the performance, a communication cycle is created for synchronizing the WBSN system with pipeline control. Each sensor node consists of a micro control unit (MCU), variable sample rate generator, sensor, ADC, data encoder, 402-405 MHz RF transceiver, and antenna. This paper presents a WBSN system, which not only gains the benefits of more flexible, easy development, run-time reconfigurable and variable resolution, but also significantly reduces considerable power consumptions with adaptive low power design.
Behavior and Potential Impacts of Metal-Based Engineered Nanoparticles in Aquatic Environments

The specific properties of metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) have not only led to rapidly increasing applications in various industrial and commercial products, but also caused environmental concerns due to the inevitable release of NPs and their unpredictable biological/ecological impacts. This review discusses the environmental behavior of metal-based NPs with an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms and kinetics. The focus is on knowledge gaps in the interaction of NPs with aquatic organisms, which can influence the fate, transport and toxicity of NPs in the aquatic environment. Aggregation transforms NPs into micrometer-sized clusters in the aqueous environment, whereas dissolution also alters the size distribution and surface reactivity of metal-based NPs. A unique toxicity mechanism of metal-based NPs is related to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the subsequent ROS-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, aggregation, dissolution and ROS generation could influence each other and also be influenced by many factors, including the sizes, shapes and surface charge of NPs, as well as the pH, ionic strength, natural organic matter and experimental conditions. Bioaccumulation of NPs in single organism species, such as aquatic plants, zooplankton, fish and benthos, is summarized and compared. Moreover, the trophic transfer and/or biomagnification of metal-based NPs in an aquatic ecosystem are discussed. In addition, genetic effects could result from direct or indirect interactions between DNA and NPs. Finally, several challenges facing us are put forward in the review.
Romantics and Revolutionaries

In every field in which progress beckons, romantics and revolutionaries find themselves in an uneasy alliance. The role of the romantics is to define the often unattainable goal. That of the revolutionaries is to advance towards it. Each needs the other, and constantly fears they are forsaken. Sometimes they are right. Theoretical linguists are the romantics of our field: They seek to understand language for its own sake, intuitively, and on its own terms. Computational linguists are the revolutionaries: They want to make things work better. How are they getting along, these days?
Similarity measure based on partial information of time series

Similarity measure of time series is an important subroutine in many KDD applications. Previous similarity models mainly focus on the prominent series behaviors by considering the whole information of time series. In this paper, we address the problem: which portion of information is more suitable for similarity measure for the data collected from a certain field. We propose a model for the retrieval and representation of the partial information in time series data, and a methodology for evaluating the similarity measurements based on partial information. The methodology is to retrieve various portions of information from the raw data and represent it in a concise form, then cluster the time series using the partial information and evaluate the similarity measurements through comparing the results with a standard classification. Experiments on data set from stock market give some interesting observations and justify the usefulness of our approach.
IP core for efficient zero-run length compression of CNN feature maps

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are becoming a fundamental tool for machine learning. High performance and energy efficiency are of great importance for deployments of CNNs in many embedded applications. Energy consumption during CNN processing is dominated by memory access and since large networks do not fit on on-chip storage, they require expensive DRAM access. This paper introduces an universal Output Stream Manager (OSM) which can be used to compress and format data coming from a CNN accelerator and reduce external memory access. The OSM exploits the sparsity of data and implements two Zero-Run Length encoding algorithms and can be easily reconfigured to optimize usage for different CNN layers.
Effectiveness of a Phonological Awareness Training for Arabic Disabled Reading Children: Insights on Metalinguistic Benefits

We examined the effects of a phonological awareness (PA) training program on word reading and pseudo-word decoding in dyslexic children reading the Arabic language (n=10; age mean= 129.74 months) in comparison to normal readers (n=10; age mean= 126.90 months) from grades 4 and 5. Particular attention was paid to phonological training of two metalinguistic reading related skills: morphological awareness (MA) and rapid automatized naming (RAN), underscored as main predictive metalinguistic factors in Arabic dyslexia (Layes, Lalonde, Mecheri, Rebai, 2015). The PA training program focused on phoneme/syllable identification, phoneme matching, and word segmentation. The results indicate that the dyslexic group performed significantly better in all post-training measurements, increasing reading, phonological processing, and metalinguistic related skills, which indicates a strong relationship between these variables. The normal group only improved in MA production. These findings are discussed in terms of metalinguistic insights of reading gained through training in phonological awareness.
Inhibition of endosomal proteolytic activity by leupeptin blocks surface expression of MHC class II molecules and their conversion to SDS resistance alpha beta heterodimers in endosomes.

The biosynthesis of MHC Class II molecules starts with the assembly of the alpha and beta subunits and the invariant chain. Intracellular transport of Class II molecules was followed in pulse‐chase experiments of a human Epstein‐Barr virus‐transformed B lymphoblastoid cell line. Entry of Class II molecules into the endocytotic pathway and their cell surface appearance were monitored using neuraminidase as a fluid endocytotic marker and as a surface probe, respectively. In the course of intracellular transport, the Class II associated invariant chain is removed by proteases located in the endosomal pathway. Here, we show that leupeptin inhibits not only invariant chain breakdown, but also surface deposition of newly synthesized Class II molecules. Class II molecules display remarkable resistance to SDS at ambient temperature when occupied by peptide. We exploit this property to show that peptide binding precedes surface expression, and takes place in the course of intracellular transport through an endosomal compartment. Leupeptin blocks the conversion of Class II molecules to an SDS resistant complex.
Dialogue act recognition under uncertainty using Bayesian networks

Abstract In this paper we discuss the task of dialogue act recognition as a part of interpreting user utterances in context. To deal with the uncertainty that is inherent in natural language processing in general and dialogue act recognition in particular we use machine learning techniques to train classifiers from corpus data. These classifiers make use of both lexical features of the (Dutch) keyboard-typed utterances in the corpus used, and context features in the form of dialogue acts of previous utterances. In particular, we consider probabilistic models in the form of Bayesian networks to be proposed as a more general framework for dealing with uncertainty in the dialogue modelling process.
The Impact of Governing Boards on Organizational Effectiveness and Morale

This paper analyzes the impact of two governing boards on the effectiveness and morale of two state government wildlife management agencies. Participation in the decision-making process constitutes the core of the boards' performance; only secondarily do they engage in control activities, and they perform no economic role for the organizations. The boards' major function for effectiveness is service as a buffer group between the full-time staff and the public. With respect to dysfunctions for effectiveness, the boards act for the benefit of their home communities and require a sizable amount of attention from the staff to be kept informed on the problems of wildlife management. The staff is of the opinion that the boards create more contributions than problems with respect to effectiveness, and are basically satisfied with this system of authority.1 James Price is assistant professor, Department of Sociology, University of Oregon.
Bioactive Chemical Constituents from Pomegranate ( Punica granatum ) Juice, Seed and Peel-A Review

The pomegranate tree, Punica granatum possesses a vast ethnomedical history and represen ts a phytochemical reservoir of heuristic medicinal valu e. The pomegranate tree can be divided into several anatomical compartments like seed, peel, juice, flo wer, leaf, bark, roots, etc. each of which has inte resting pharmacologic activities. The chemical composition of fruits differs depending on the cultivar, growin g region, climate, maturity, cultural practice and st orage. Significant variations in organic acids, phe nolic compounds, sugars, water-soluble vitamins and minerals composition of pomegranates have been reported over the years. Pomegranates contain high levels of a diverse range of phytochemicals including polyphenols, sugars, fatty acids (conjugated and no n-conjugated), aromatic compounds, amino acids, tocopherols, sterols, terpenoids, alkaloids, etc. T he synergistic action of the pomegranate constituen ts appears to be superior to that of single constituen ts. In the past decade, numerous studies on the ant ioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties of pomegranate constituents have been published, focusing on treatment and prevention of cancer, car diovascular disease, dental conditions, bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance, and ultraviol et radiation-induced skin damage. This article prov ides a critical review of various phytochemical constituen ts isolated from pomegranate juice, seeds and peels ; and their associated medicinal properties dealing with antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial/antimicrobial properties, as well as a brief summary on other activities.
The Effect of the Australian Ballot Reform on Split Ticket Voting: 1876–1908

In the last two decades of political science, there has been considerable interest in the determinants of electoral behavior. Theories have been developed and tested on the sociological, psychological, and political antecedents of the vote. Virtually neglected in this search for determinants have been the institutional or structural properties of the electoral system itself. With a few notable exceptions, such factors as electoral qualification requirements, registration laws, and ballot and voting systems have not generated much research enthusiasm. These institutional properties, however, provide the framework within which the effects of other independent variables must be judged. This applies to all basic electoral research—whether time specific or longitudinal—but especially to the latter. Too often longitudinal research tries to trace the causes of changing voting patterns without taking into account the institutional framework. A pointed example of this is Walter Dean Burnham's recent description of this country's “changing political universe” around the turn of the century—a change which he ascribed to a breakdown in party competition and consequent voter alienation, but which undoubtedly could be partially, if not largely, explained by reference to the many institutional changes in voting rules which occurred during this period. The effects of institutional properties must be sorted out if the researcher is to establish reliable baselines against which to measure the effects of other variables. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of one such institutional property of the electoral system—the Australian Ballot reform—on the changing split ticket voting patterns of the American electorate in the 1876–1908 time period.
Discourse after Closed Head Injury in Young Children

This study examined narrative discourse in 23 children, ages 6 to 8 years, who sustained a severe closed head injury (CHI) at least 1 year prior to assessment. Narratives were analyzed at multiple levels using language and information structure measures. Results revealed significant discourse impairments in the CHI group on all measures of information structure, whereas differences in the linguistic domain failed to reach significance. In addition, effects of age at injury and lateralization of lesion on discourse were considered. Although no significant differences were found according to age at injury, a consistent pattern of generally poorer discourse scores was found for the early injured group (< 5 years). With regard to lesion focus, the group findings were unimpressive. However, preliminary examination of individual CHI cases with relatively large lateralized lesions suggested that the late injured children may show the language-brain patterns reported in brain-injured adults, whereas early injured children may not.
Finding Meaning of Clusters

Clustering is an important data exploration task in chance discovery as well as in data mining. The first hierarchical clustering dates back to 1951 by K. Florek; since then, there have been numerous algorithms. However, there is no consensus among researchers as to what constitutes a cluster; the choice of the cluster is application-dependent. Although clustering is sometimes evaluated by interpretability of clusters, few studies have been done to reveal the interpretation aspect of clusters. This paper explains development of a new clustering algorithm by graph-based partitioning which aims to simplify interpretation of clusters. Two typical cluster types are considered: a star and a diamond. A star is a cluster with explicit shared context, represented by a central node. A diamond is a cluster with shared context, whose main cause of the context is implicit and hidden. These two types are very easy to understand. We elicit these types of clusters from a given weighted linkage graph. Minimization of weight of the graph cut isalso considered. Weshow some examples and explain the effectiveness of our method.
Microsatellite instability and ploidy status define three categories with distinctive prognostic impact in endometrioid endometrial cancer

Microsatellite instability (MSI) and aneuploidy are inversely related phenomena. We tested whether ploidy status influences the clinical impact of MSI in endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC). We analyzed 167 EECs for MSI and ploidy. Tumors were classified in three categories according to MSI and ploidy status. Associations with clinicopathological and molecular variables, survival, and treatment response were assessed. All MSI tumors (23%) were scored as diploid, and 14% of microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors presented aneuploidy. MSI tumors associated with older age at diagnosis, non-obesity, high histological grade, and advanced surgical stage. MSS-aneuploid tumors also associated with higher grade and advanced stage. In multivariate survival analysis MSI did not influence disease-free survival (DFS) or cancer-specific survival (CSS). However, when just diploid tumors were considered for the analysis, MSI significantly contributed to worse DFS and CSS, and the same was observed for aneuploidy when MSS tumors were analyzed alone. In diploid tumors, a differential response to postoperative radiotherapy (RT) was observed according to MSI, since it predicted poor DFS and CSS in the multivariate analysis. We conclude that ploidy status influences the clinical impact of MSI in EEC. Among diploid tumors those with MSI have poor clinical outcome and respond worse to RT.
A Novel Deep Learning Network Architecture with Cross-Layer Neurons

Very deep convolutional networks have recently demonstrated impressive classification performance on competitive benchmarks such as the ImageNet or COCO tasks. However, training such deep convolutional networks becomes more difficult. In this paper, we propose a novel deep network structure called cross-layer architecture to make the best use of information learned from all the lower-level layers. It utilizes cross-layer neurons to control all the lower-level layers to gather and send information to the upper layers. It shows that our new architecture can be applied in training deeper networks. The classification results demonstrate that our new architecture can effectively improve the performance by using cross-layer neurons. Particularly, our new architecture can achieve up to 8.39% and 6.53% relative accuracy improvement compared to the state-of-the-art methods on CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets, respectively.