Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Keep me Updated: An Empirical Study of Third-Party Library Updatability on Android

Third-party libraries in Android apps have repeatedly been shown to be hazards to the users' privacy and an amplification of their host apps' attack surface. A particularly aggravating factor to this situation is that the libraries' version included in apps are very often outdated. This paper makes the first contribution towards solving the problem of library outdatedness on Android. First, we conduct a survey with 203 app developers from Google Play to retrieve first-hand information about their usage of libraries and requirements for more effective library updates. With a subsequent study of library providers' semantic versioning practices, we uncover that those providers are likely a contributing factor to the app developers' abstinence from library updates in order to avoid ostensible re-integration efforts and version incompatibilities. Further, we conduct a large-scale library updatability analysis of 1,264,118 apps to show that, based on the library API usage, 85.6% of the libraries could be upgraded by at least one version without modifying the app code, 48.2% even to the latest version. Particularly alarming are our findings that 97.8% out of 16,837 actively used library versions with a known security vulnerability could be easily fixed through a drop-in replacement of the vulnerable library with the fixed version. Based on these results, we conclude with a thorough discussion of solutions and actionable items for different actors in the app ecosystem to effectively remedy this situation.
Lab-on-a-chip Flow Cytometry

Even a very small number of pathogens can cause severe threat towards food safety. Due to increased safety concerns, there is a high demand for fast and sensitive methods for the detection of microbial contaminants in the food processing industries. Specific shortcomings of traditional culture based methods are highly time consuming. This includes enrichment, growing on selective differential agar plates, and consequently biochemical confirmation [1] and labor-intensive sample preparations. Therefore, it is necessary to deliver specimens to and subsequent analysis at typical laboratory while food processors have to wait several days to prove or disapprove a possible contamination, which could cause disposal of goods produced in the meantime. Moreover it significantly underestimates the number of microorganisms because of viable but non-culturable (VBNC) population.
Resistance to Tenofovir-Based Regimens during Treatment Failure of Subtype C HIV-1 in South Africa

Background Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is increasingly available for patients infected with subtype C HIV-1. This subtype is reported to develop the principal TDF resistance mutation in the HIV reverse transcriptase, K65R, with greater propensity than other subtypes. We sought to describe K65R development during TDF use in a cohort of patients infected with subtype C HIV. Methods Using a prospectively followed cohort with 6 monthly HIV RNA assays, we identified virological failure (defined as an HIV RNA>1,000 copies/ml) during treatment that included TDF. Residual serum, stored at the time of the HIV RNA assay, was used for consensus sequencing and allele-specific PCR. We assessed prevalence of resistance at failure during TDF-containing treatment and associated factors. Results Among 1,682 patients on a TDF-containing regimen, 270 developed failure of which 40 were assessed for resistance. By sequencing, the K65R was identified in 5 (12%), major non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations in 24 (57%) and the M184V/I in 12 (28%) patients. The K65R was associated with lower HIV RNA at failure (HIV RNA 3.3 versus 4.2 log10 copies/ml) and prior stavudine exposure. An additional five patients had minority K65R populations identified by allele-specific PCR. Conclusions These data suggest that the K65R prevalence at virological failure is moderately higher in our subtype C population than some non-subtype C HIV cohorts. However, we did not find that the K65R was highly selected in HIV-1 subtype-C-infected patients with up to 6 months of failure of a TDF-containing regimen.
Analysis Patterns for GIS Data Schema Reuse on Urban Management Applications

An analysis pattern is any part of a requirement analysis specification that can be reused in the design of other information systems as well. Urban management systems (e.g.: Tax Control Systems, Urban Transportation System) are implemented in a similar way for many counties. This paper proposes three analysis patterns that make possible the reuse of geographic database design for urban area planning and management applications, developed in Geographic Information System (GIS).
RAPIDLY PROGRESSIVE CEREBRAL DEGENERATION (SUBACUTE VASCULAR ENCEPHALOPATHY) WITH MENTAL DISORDER, FOCAL DISTURBANCES, AND MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY

The two cases which form the subject of this paper presented clinical signs of a subacute degenerative process affecting the cerebral cortex. The mechanism of the pathological changes is obscure but we have, for reasons which will be discussed, formed the opinion that vascular insufficiency is the important factor in their causation. The patients presented clinical features which were on the whole very different from those well recognized as characteristic of cerebrovascular disease, and from such acute manifestations of this disease as hypertensive encephalopathy. Also, in may respects the pathological findings are not those typical of cerebral arteriosclerosis. A few cases have been described in the literature which resemble them, but in none of these has vascular insufficiency been advanced as an explanation of the pathological changes. The relevant literature will therefore be referred to in the discussion of the pathology.
Information Technology Use as a Learning Mechanism: The Impact of IT Use on Knowledge Transfer Effectiveness, Absorptive Capacity, and Franchisee Performance

This study aims to contribute to the literature through the theoretical development and empirical investigation of the role of information technology use in organizational learning. We develop a theoretical framework that unpacks organizational learning into mechanisms and outcomes. The outcomes of organizational learning are distinguished at two levels: first-order and second-order. Based on the framework, we propose a research model set in the franchising context. We conceptualize franchisee use of IT provided by the franchisor as an important learning mechanism that impacts knowledge transfer effectiveness (first-order outcome) and absorptive capacity (second-order outcome). Further, the influence of IT use on financial performance is mediated through absorptive capacity. The model was tested on a sample of 783 independently owned real-estate franchisees using a comprehensive dataset comprised of primary and secondary data. The results indicate that IT use is an important learning mechanism for franchisees by impacting knowledge transfer effectiveness and absorptive capacity. In turn, absorptive capacity mediates the relationship between IT use and financial performance. The empirical support for the research model serves to affirm the underlying learning mechanisms--outcomes framework. The results are stable across the choice of statistical method and the operationalization of financial performance. Theoretical contributions, implications for practice, and limitations of the study are discussed.
Modeling seed dispersal and population migration given a distribution of seed handling times and variable dispersal motility: Case study for pinyon and juniper in Utah

Seed dispersal of juniper and pinyon is a process in which frugivorous birds play an important role. Birds either consume and digest seeds or carry and cache them at some distance from the source tree. These transported and settled seeds can be described by a dispersal kernel, which captures the probability that the seed will move a certain distance by the end of the process. To model active seed dispersal of this nature, we introduce handling time probabilities into the dispersal model to generate a seed digestion kernel. In the limit of no variability in handling time the seed digestion kernel is Gaussian, whereas for uniform variability in handling time the kernel approaches a Laplace distribution. This allows us to standardize spatial movement (diffusion) and handling time (peak settling rate) parameters for all three distributions and compare. Analysis of the tails indicates that the seed digestion kernel decays at a rate intermediate between Gaussian and Laplace seed kernels. Using this seed digestion kernel, we create an invasion model to estimate the speed at which juniper and pinyon forest boundaries move. We find that the speed of seed invasion corresponding to the digestion kernel was faster than seeds resulting from Laplace and Gaussian kernels for more rapidly digested seeds. For longer handling times the speeds are bounded between the Laplace (faster) and Gaussian (slower) speeds. Using parameter 14 values from the literature we evaluate the migration potential of pinyon and juniper, finding that pinyon may be able to migrate up to two orders of magnitude more rapidly, consistent with observations of pine migration during the Holocene. 2.
Analysis and detection of 3-D curvilinear structures

In this paper we present a new method for estimating confidence and curvature of 3-D curvilinear structures. The gradient structure tensor (GST) models shift-invariance. The eigenstructure of the tensor allows estimation of local dimensionality, orientation, and the corresponding confidence value. Local rotational invariance, which occurs often in images, causes a lower confidence estimate. This underestimation can be corrected for by a parabolic deformation of the data, in such a way that it becomes translational invariant. We show that the optimal deformation can be found analytically and yields a local curvature estimate as a valuable by-product. We tested our new method on synthetic images and applied it to the detection of channels in 3-D seismic data.
The Use of Phages and Aptamers as Alternatives to Antibodies in Medical and Food Diagnostics

Jaytry Mehta1,2, Bieke Van Dorst1,2, Lisa Devriese2 Elsa Rouah-Martin1,2, Karen Bekaert2, Klaartje Somers3, Veerle Somers3, Marie-Louise Scippo4, Ronny Blust1 and Johan Robbens1,2 1University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Ecophysiology, Biochemistry and Toxicology, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp 2Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries research (ILVO), Ankerstraat 1, 8400 Oostende 3Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute, B-3590 Diepenbeek 4University of Liege, Food Sciences Department, B-4000 Liege Belgium
Low-complexity sorted QR decomposition for MIMO systems based on pairwise column symmetrization

This paper presents a low-complexity preprocessing algorithm for multiple-input multiple-output communication systems. The proposed algorithm performs the sorted QR decomposition through orthogonalizations based on the modified Gram-Schmidt process, rearranging the column vectors of a real-valued MIMO channel matrix in such a way that the symmetry between the vectors is maintained. By using the symmetry, the computations required for orthogonalizing one of the two adjacent vectors can be eliminated effectively, which significantly reduces the computational complexity. The reduction rate of the computational complexity by the proposed algorithm is 50% for any MIMO configuration.
Guide to Use of Datasheets for Heterogeneous Processes the Iupac Subcommittee for Data Evaluation for Atmospheric Chemistry Have Extended The

scope of the treatment of heterogenous reactions on this website. We are now in the process of replacing the data tables containing a compilation of uptake coefficient data for heterogeneous reactions of selected species with data sheets in which the relevant data for heterogeneous processes are evaluated and, where possible, recommendations are made for parameters describing the kinetics of these processes under atmospheric conditions. We also present summary sheets containing the recommended parameters. The following article prepared by the IUPAC Subcommittee provides background information on the models and parameters used in these evaluations, and the rational for the organisation of the material presented.
Simultaneous hydrological prediction at multiple gauging stations using the NARX network for Kemaman catchment, Terengganu, Malaysia

ABSTRACT This paper presents a neural network model capable of catchment-wide simultaneous prediction of river stages at multiple gauging stations. Thirteen meteorological parameters are considered in the input, which includes rainfall, temperature, mean relative humidity and evaporation. The NARX model is trained with a representative set of hourly data, with optimal time delay for both the input and output. The network trained using 120-day data is able to produce simulations that are in excellent agreement with field observations. We show that for application with one-step-ahead predictions, the loss in network performance is marginal. Inclusion of additional tidal observations does not improve predictions, suggesting that the river stage stations under consideration are not sensitive to tidal backwater effects despite the claim commonly made. EDITOR D. Koutsoyiannis ASSOCIATE EDITOR F. Pappenberger
Onboard Flight Control of a Small Quadrotor Using Single Strapdown Optical Flow Sensor

This paper considers onboard control of a small-sized quadrotor using a strapdown embedded optical flow sensor which is conventionally used for desktop mice. The vehicle considered in this paper can carry only few dozen grams of payload, therefore conventional camera-based optical flow methods are not applicable. We present hovering control of the small-sized quadrotor using a single-chip optical flow sensor, implemented on an 8-bit microprocessor without external sensors or communication with a ground control station. Detailed description of all the system components is provided along with evaluation of the accuracy. Experimental results from flight tests are validated with the ground-truth data provided by a high-accuracy reference system.
A Dynamic Weighted RBF-Based Ensemble for Prediction of Time Series Data from Nuclear Components

In this paper, an ensemble approach is proposed for prediction of time series data based on a Support Vector Regression (SVR) algorithm with RBF loss function. We propose a strategy to build diverse sub-models of the ensemble based on the Feature Vector Selection (FVS) method of Baudat & Anouar (2003), which decreases the computational burden and keeps the generalization performance of the model. A simple but effective strategy is used to calculate the weights of each data point for different sub-models built with RBF-SVR. A real case study on a nuclear power production component is presented. Comparisons with results given by the best single SVR model and a fixed-weights ensemble prove the robustness and accuracy of the proposed ensemble approach.
Volume II: Technical Concepts of Component-Based Software Engineering

vii 1 Nothing New Under the Sun? 1 2 Software Component Technology 3 Summary of Key Points 5 3 Vision Statement 7 Summary of Key Points 8 4 Components 9 Summary of Key Points 10 5 Interfaces 11 5.1 Interface Abstraction and Application Programming Interfaces 11 5.2 Extending APIs to Extra-Functional Properties 12 5.2. 1 Specifying Behavior 12 5.2. 2 Specifying Synchronization 13 5.2. 3 Specifying Quality of Service 13 5.3 Credentials 14 5.4 Components and Multiple Interfaces 15 Summary of Key Points 16 6 Contracts 17 6.1 Contracts and Reciprocal Obligations 18 6.2 Two Senses of Contract 20 Summary of Key Points 21 7 Component Models and Frameworks 23 7.1 What are Component Models? 23 7.2 Component Framework 25 7.3 Custom Frameworks and Programmable Middleware 26 Summary of Key Points 28
Child Malnutrition in Ethiopia : Can Maternal Knowledge Augment The Role of Income ?

Over the past decades, child malnutrition in Ethiopia has persisted at alarmingly high rates. By applying the conditional nutrition demand approach to household data from three consecutive welfare monitoring surveys over the period 1996-1998, this study identifies household resources, parental education, food prices and maternal nutritional knowledge as key determinants of growth faltering in Ethiopia. Income growth is important for alleviating child stunting, though on its own it will not suffice to reach the international goal of halving each country's level of child malnutrition by 2020. Universalizing access to primary schooling for girls has slightly more promise. However, to reduce child growth faltering in Ethiopia in a significant – and timely manner, our empirical results indicate that targeted child growth monitoring and maternal nutrition education programs will be needed in conjunction with efforts to promote private income growth and formal schooling. Authors’ Affiliation and Sponsorship Luc Christiaensen Young Professional, PRMPR, The World Bank Email: Lchristiaensen@worldbank.org Harold Alderman Advisor, Food and Nutrition Policy, RDV, The World Bank Email: Halderman@worldbank.org THE WORKING PAPER SERIES The Africa Region Working Paper Series expedites dissemination of applied research and policy studies with potential for improving economic performance and social conditions in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Series publishes papers at preliminary stages to stimulate timely discussion within the Region and among client countries, donors, and the policy research community. The editorial board for the Series consists of representatives from professional Families appointed by the Region’s Sector Directors. Editor in charge of the series: Antoine Waldburger, AFTM3, Email: awaldburger@worldbank.org, who may be contacted for hard copies. For additional information visit the Web site http://www.worldbank.org/afr/wps/index.htm, where copies are available in pdf format. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the author(s). They do not necessarily represent the views of the World Bank Group, its Executive Directors, or the countries that they represent and should not be attributed to them. Child Malnutrition in Ethiopia: Can Maternal Knowledge Augment The Role of Income? Luc Christiaensen Young Professional, PRMPR, The World Bank Email: Lchristiaensen@worldbank.org Harold Alderman Advisor, Food and Nutrition Policy, Rural Development Department, The World Bank Email: Halderman@worldbank.org
150 Million year history of North China Craton disruption preserved in Mesozoic sediments of the Ordos basin

ABSTRACTThe Ordos Basin, situated in the western part of the North China Craton, preserves the 150-million-year history of North China Craton disruption. Those sedimentary sources from Late Triassic to early Middle Jurassic are controlled by the southern Qinling orogenic belt and northern Yinshan orogenic belt. The Middle and Late Jurassic deposits are received from south, north, east, and west of the Ordos Basin. The Cretaceous deposits are composed of aeolian deposits, probably derived from the plateau to the east. The Ordos Basin records four stages of volcanism in the Mesozoic–Late Triassic (230–220 Ma), Early Jurassic (176 Ma), Middle Jurassic (161 Ma), and Early Cretaceous (132 Ma). Late Triassic and Early Jurassic tuff develop in the southern part of the Ordos Basin, Middle Jurassic in the northeastern part, while Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks have a banding distribution along the eastern part. Mesozoic tectonic evolution can be divided into five stages according to sedimentary and volcanic recor.
Chronic Effects of Different Intensities of Interval Training on Hemodynamic, Autonomic and Cardiorespiratory Variables of Physically Active Elderly People

Leandro Sant'Ana (  leandrosantana.edu sica@hotmail.com ) Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais Jeferson Vianna Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais Aline Ribeiro Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais Natália Reis Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais João Guilherme Silva Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais Yuri Campos Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais Estevão Monteiro School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Amanda Brown School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Jefferson Novaes School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Fabiana Scartoni Sport and Exercise Science Laboratory, Catholic University of Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro Sérgio Machado Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Salgado de Oliveira University, Rio de Janeiro Henning Budde Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, University of Applied Science and Medical University, Hamburg 20457
Using the Max-sum Algorithm for Supply Chain Formation in Dynamic Multi-unit Environments

The max-sum loopy belief propagation (LBP) algorithm was shown in [4] to produce strong results in a simple decen-tralised supply chain formation (SCF) scenario where goods are traded in single units. In this paper, we demonstrate the performance of LBP in a multi-unit SCF scenario with additional constraints. We also provide experimental analysis of LBP's performance in dynamic scenarios where the properties and composition of participants are altered while the algorithm is running. Our results suggest that LBP continues to produce strong solutions in multi-unit scenarios, and that performance remains solid in a dynamic setting.
LINEAR FORMS AND QUADRATIC UNIFORMITY FOR FUNCTIONS ON n p

We give improved bounds for our theorem in [W. T. Gowers and J. Wolf, The true complexity of a system of linear equations. Proc. London Math. Soc. (3) 100 (2010), 155–176], which shows that a system of linear forms on 𝔽 n p with squares that are linearly independent has the expected number of solutions in any linearly uniform subset of 𝔽 n p . While in [W. T. Gowers and J. Wolf, The true complexity of a system of linear equations. Proc. London Math. Soc. (3) 100 (2010), 155–176] the dependence between the uniformity of the set and the resulting error in the average over the linear system was of tower type, we now obtain a doubly exponential relation between the two parameters. Instead of the structure theorem for bounded functions due to Green and Tao [An inverse theorem for the Gowers U 3 (G) norm. Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc. (2) 51 (2008), 73–153], we use the Hahn–Banach theorem to decompose the function into a quadratically structured plus a quadratically uniform part. This new decomposition makes more efficient use of the U 3 inverse theorem [B. J. Green and T. Tao, An inverse theorem for the Gowers U 3 (G) norm. Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc. (2) 51 (2008), 73–153].