Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mapping the Response of Human Osteocytes in Native Matrix to Mechanical Loading Using RNA Sequencing

Osteocytes sense mechanical loads and transduce mechanical signals into a chemical response. They are the most abundant bone cells deeply embedded in mineralized bone matrix, which affects their regulatory activity in the mechanical adaptation of bone. The specific location in the calcified bone matrix hinders studies on osteocytes in the in vivo setting. Recently, we developed a three‐dimensional mechanical loading model of human osteocytes in their native matrix, allowing to study osteocyte mechanoresponsive target gene expression in vitro. Here we aimed to identify differentially expressed genes by mapping the response of human primary osteocytes in their native matrix to mechanical loading using RNA sequencing. Human fibular bone was retrieved from 10 donors (age: 32–82 years, 5 female, 5 male). Cortical bone explants (8.0 × 3.0 × 1.5 mm; length × width × height) were either not loaded or mechanically loaded by 2000 or 8000 μɛ for 5 minutes, followed by 0, 6, or 24 hours post‐culture without loading. High‐quality RNA was isolated, and differential gene expression analysis performed by R2 platform. Real‐time PCR was used to confirm differentially expressed genes. Twenty‐eight genes were differentially expressed between unloaded and loaded (2000 or 8000 μɛ) bone at 6 hours post‐culture, and 19 genes at 24 hours post‐culture. Eleven of these genes were related to bone metabolism, ie, EGR1, FAF1, H3F3B, PAN2, RNF213, SAMD4A, and TBC1D24 at 6 hours post‐culture, and EGFEM1P, HOXD4, SNORD91B, and SNX9 at 24 hours post‐culture. Mechanical loading significantly decreased RNF213 gene expression, which was confirmed by real‐time PCR. In conclusion, mechanically loaded osteocytes differentially expressed 47 genes, of which 11 genes were related to bone metabolism. RNF213 might play a role in mechanical adaptation of bone by regulating angiogenesis, which is a prerequisite for successful bone formation. The functional aspects of the differentially expressed genes in bone mechanical adaptation requires future investigation. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Dual-wavelength FBG inscribed by femtosecond laser for simultaneous measurement of high temperature and strain

A novel fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with two transmission dips in 1310- and 1550-nm regions is proposed and inscribed by an infrared femtosecond laser. Formed by multi-photon ionization, this type of grating can withstand temperature as high as 800 degrees which makes it suitable for harsh environment sensing. In addition, the temperature and strain affect these two dips in different ways, which enables simultaneous strain and temperature sensing. The fabrication, spectrum characterization, and temperature performance of this grating are introduced.
Bayesian Inference in Econometric Models Using Monte Carlo Integration

Methods for the systematic application of Monte Carlo integration with importance sampling to Bayesian inference are developed. Conditions under which the numerical approximation converges almost surely to the true value with the number of Monte Carlo replications, and its numerical accuracy may be assessed reliably, are given. Importance sampling densities are derived from multivariate normal or student approximations to the posterior density. These densities are modified by automatic rescaling along each axis. The concept of relative numerical efficiency is introduced to evaluate the adequacy of a chosen importance sampling density. Applications in two illustrative models are presented. Copyright 1989 by The Econometric Society.
A Compact and PVT-Robust Segmented Duty-Cycled Resistor Realizing TΩ Impedances for Neural Recording Interface Circuits

This letter presents an area-efficient and PVT-insensitive segmented duty-cycled resistor (SDR) intended for neural recording amplifiers. The feedback resistor of the capacitively coupled low-noise amplifier is realized with segmentation of the polysilicon resistor and supplementary switches in between. The proposed SDR suppresses impedance reduction due to the switching of the resistor’s parasitic capacitance. It ensures higher than 1-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{T}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> resistance and a switching frequency above the signal bandwidth simultaneously, thus removing in-band switching artifacts and output dc drift. Fabricated in 0.18-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS, the prototype SDR achieves up to 1.18T<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> with the smallest temperature variation of 6.5% and chip-to-chip variation of 1.5%, while only occupying an area of 0.001375 mm2. Furthermore, it offers sufficiently low and stable cut-off frequencies for both action and local field potential recordings.
Examples of Extended Empirical Orthogonal Function Analyses

Abstract An extended empirical orthogonal function analysis technique is described which expands a data set in terms of functions which are the “best” representation of that data set for a sequence of time points. The method takes advantage of the fact that geophysical fields are often significantly correlated in both space and time. Two examples of applications of this technique are given which suggest it may be a highly useful tool for diagnosing the modes of variation of dominant sequences of events. In the first, an analysis of 300 mb relative vorticity, fairly regular advection of the major features of the spatial patterns is evident. Westward speeds of between 0.3 and 0.4 m s−1 are inferred. The second example illustrates extended functions of tropical Pacific Ocean surface temperatures. The dominant function, which is associated with El Nino, shows a high degree of persistence over a six-month sequence. The second most important function suggests opposing variations in the influences of the North a.
Changes in Coordination and Its Variability with an Increase in Functional Performance of the Lower Extremities

Clinical gait analysis has a long-standing tradition in biomechanics. However, the use of kinematic data or segment coordination has not been reported based on wearable sensors in “real-life” environments. In this work, the skeletal kinematics of 21 healthy and 24 neurogeriatric participants was collected in a magnetically disturbed environment with inertial measurement units (IMUs) using an accelerometer-based functional calibration method. The system consists of seven IMUs attached to the lower back, the thighs, the shanks, and the feet to acquire and process the raw sensor data. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test was performed to relate joint kinematics and segment coordination to the overall SPPB score. Participants were then divided into three subgroups based on low (0–6), moderate (7–9), or high (10–12) SPPB scores. The main finding of this study is that most IMU-based parameters significantly correlated with the SPPB score and the parameters significantly differed between the SPPB subgroups. Lower limb range of motion and joint segment coordination correlated positively with the SPPB score, and the segment coordination variability correlated negatively. The results suggest that segment coordination impairments become more pronounced with a decreasing SPPB score, indicating that participants with low overall SPPB scores produce a peculiar inconsistent walking pattern to counteract lower extremity impairment in strength, balance, and mobility. Our findings confirm the usefulness of SPPB through objectively measured parameters, which may be relevant for the design of future studies and clinical routines.
The Influence of Product Packaging Design and Online Customer Review on Brand Awareness and Their Impact on Online Purchase Intention

Extensive research on skin care products, particularly in Indonesia, is intriguing. It is as a result of alterations in behavior that consumers always desire to appear attractive. Due to technological advancements, shopping habits have also changed, impacting the sales of skincare products. This study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect impacts of product packaging design and online customer review on online purchase intention mediated through brand awareness. Data were collected from 200 people in Indonesia who were familiar with Scarlett Whitening products. They were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Afterward, the collected data were analyzed using the SEM AMOS 26. The primary findings in this study were that Product Packaging Design and Online Customer Review had a positive and significant impact on the Online Purchase Intention of Scarlett Whitening products mediated through Brand Awareness in Indonesia.
Direct measurement of the spin diffusion length by Andreev spectroscopy

The application of point contact Andreev spectroscopy for the measurement of the spin diffusion length is demonstrated by studying the spin relaxation in platinum thin films grown on the top of a ferromagnetic cobalt layer. Using this local probe technique, the temperature dependence of the spin diffusion length was determined, and various sources of the spin relaxation in platinum were identified. At low temperatures the spin lifetime is found to be three orders of magnitude larger than the momentum lifetime. The applied method is selectively sensitive to spin-flip processes even in the presence of a huge background of momentum scattering.
INVERSION DE LAPLACE EFFECTIVE

Let $F,G$ be arbitrary distribution functions on the real line and let $\widehat{F},\widehat{G}$ denote their respective bilateral Laplace transforms. Let $\kappa > 0$ and let $h : \mathbb{R}^+ \to \mathbb{R}^+$ be continuous, non-decreasing, and such that $h(u) \ge Au^4$ for some $A > 0$ and all $u \ge 0$. Under the assumptions that $$\sup_{0 \le u \le \kappa}|\widehat{F}(u) - \widehat{G} (u) | \le \varepsilon, \qquad \widehat{F}(u) + \widehat{G} (u) \le h(u) \qquad (-L \le u \le L),$$ we establish the bound $$\sup_{u \in \mathbb{R}}|\widehat{F}(u) - \widehat{G} (u) | \le CQ_G(l)$$ where $C$ is a constant depending at most on $\kappa$ and $A$, $Q_G$ is the concentration function of $G$, and $l := (\log L) /L + (\log W) /W$, with $W$ any solution to $h(W) = 1/\epsilon$. Improving and generalizing an estimate of Alladi, this result provides a Laplace transform analogue to the Berry-Esseen inequality, related to Fourier transforms. The dependence in $\epsilon$ is optimal up to the logarithmic factor log $W$. A number-theoretic application, developed in detail elsewhere, is described. It concerns so-called lexicographic integers, whose characterizing property is that their divisors are ranked according to size and valuation of the largest prime factor. The above inequality furnishes, among other informations, an effective Erdos-Kac theorem for lexicographical integers.
Solution of the quasi-one-dimensional linearized Euler equations using flow invariants and the Magnus expansion

Abstract The acoustic and entropy transfer functions of quasi-one-dimensional nozzles are studied analytically for both subsonic and choked flows with and without shock waves. The present analytical study extends both the compact nozzle solution obtained by Marble & Candel (J. Sound Vib., vol. 55, 1977, pp. 225–243) and the effective nozzle length proposed by Stow, Dowling & Hynes (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 467, 2002, pp. 215–239) and by Goh & Morgans (J. Sound Vib., vol. 330, 2011, pp. 5184–5198) to non-zero frequencies for both modulus and phase through an asymptotic expansion of the linearized Euler equations. It also extends the piecewise-linear approximation of the velocity profile in the nozzle proposed by Moase, Brear & Manzie (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 585, 2007, pp. 281–304) to any arbitrary profile or equivalently any nozzle geometry. The equations are written as a function of three variables, namely the dimensionless mass, total temperature and entropy fluctuations, yielding a first-order linear system of differential equations with varying coefficients, which is solved using the Magnus expansion. The solution shows that both the modulus and the phase of the transfer functions of the nozzle have a strong dependence on the frequency. This holds for both choked flows and subsonic converging–diverging nozzles. The method is used to compare two different nozzle geometries with the same inlet and outlet Mach numbers, showing that, even if the compact solution predicts no differences between the transfer functions of the two nozzles, significant differences are found at non-zero frequencies. A parametric study is finally performed to calculate the indirect to direct noise ratio for a model combustor, showing that this ratio decreases at higher frequencies.
Semibalance Model in Terrain-Following Coordinates

AbstractBy partitioning the hydrostatically balanced flow into a nonlinearly balanced primary-flow part and a remaining secondary-flow part and then truncating the secondary-flow vorticity advection and stretching–tilting terms in the vector vorticity equation, the previous semibalance model (SBM) in pseudoheight coordinates is rederived in terrain-following pressure coordinates, called η coordinates. The involved truncation is topologically the same as that in pseudoheight coordinates but the truncated terms in η coordinates are not equivalent to those in pseudoheight coordinates. Because its potential vorticity (PV) is conserved and invertible, the rederived SBM is suitable for studying balanced dynamics via “PV thinking” in real weather events, such as slowly varying vortices and curved fronts in which the primary-flow velocity and secondary-flow vorticity are nearly parallel in η coordinates.
Longitudinal Studies of Random Effect Model on Academic Performance of Undergraduate Students

This paper discussed the longitudinal studies of random effect model on academic performance of student using Federal University of Technology, Owerri Imo State Nigeria as a case study. Secondary data were adopted for the research work, and a SAS software package was used for the analysis. There appears to be some curvature in the average trend and individual profile plots, and hence a quadratic time effect was fitted to the data. From the individual profiles are the total observations collected for the analysis. From the profiles of the type of SSA, Entry Age, Entry Aggregate and Gender, it could be assumed that each profiles evolution follows a quadratic trend. Also, it could be concluded that most students who started with low GPA at semester one, improved in their performance to semester three and there was a downward trend before semester seven. Further, the mean profile for SSA was explored. From the chosen model among all models fitted to the data set, we conclude based on the results obtained that student’s GPA depends on the SSA, Entry Age, Entry Aggregate and Gender). Student with high and medium admission aggregates scores high GPA and student with low admission aggregates scores low GPA at semester one, but on the average students with Low and Medium Entry Aggregate score higher GPA than students with High Entry Aggregate. The performance of GSS students is better as compare to that PSS at semester one and on the average. Meanwhile, in all the models it appeared, student GPA’s increase from semester one to semester three and decreases after semester three. Generally students tend to perform better at the third semester. The analysis also revealed that the academic performance is dependent on the SSA, Entry Age, Entry Aggregate and Gender.
Patients’ satisfaction after bilateral thoracoscopic sympathicolysis

Background: Palmar hyperhidrosis is a distressing condition implicating individuals' social life and self-esteem. Surgery has proven to be highly effective with excellent safety profile. However, compensatory hyperhidrosis (CH), a relatively common adverse event of the procedure, is sometimes problematic in a few patients. Patients and Methods: A questionnaire, including Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS), was designed to assess the overall satisfaction of patients who underwent bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy between November 2018 and July 2021. They were requested to respond to the questionnaire before surgery and during the follow-up visits. Results: Sixty-three patients were recruited, 37 males and 26 females. The age of the participants ranged from 6 to 27 years (mean 17.05 ± 5.55 years). Most patients reported a positive impact on their professional and social life. Two patients experienced significant compensatory hyperhydrosis impacting their daily life. There was a significant improvement of the HDSS score after surgery. Around 95.2% of the participants (n = 60) had three-point improvement indicating 80% reduction of sweat production. Conclusion: Bilateral endoscopic thoracoscopic sympathectomy has shown a high success rate with low adverse events. CH, however, remains a significant cause of morbidity in few patients. Therefore, continuous evaluation of patients' satisfaction is of utmost importance to help improve our understanding to risk factors and prevalence of CH, improve our techniques to minimise its occurrence and treat patients with distressing symptoms. These data will guide surgeons when counselling patients to make insightful decisions based on the benefits and risks of the procedure.
Instability Mechanisms of a Centrally Clamped Rotating Circular Disk Under a Space-Fixed Spring-Mass-Dashpot System

The transverse vibrations of a circular disk of uniform thickness rotating about its axis with constant angular velocity are analyzed when the disk is subject to a space-fixed spring-mass-dashpot system. The disk is clamped at the center and free at the periphery. Using the method of multiple scales, the authors determine a set of four nonlinear ordinary-differential equations governing the modulation of the amplitudes and phases of two interacting modes. The symmetry of the system and the loading conditions are reflected in the symmetry of the modulation equations. They are reduced to an equivalent set of two first-order equations whose equilibrium solutions are determined analytically. The stability characteristics of these solutions is studied; the qualitative behavior of the response is independent of the mode being considered. Considering the case of a spring moving periodically along the radius of the disk, the authors show how its frequency can be coupled to the rotational speed of the disk and subject the system to a principal parametric resonance.
Numerical calculations of erosion in an abrupt pipe contraction of different contraction ratios

Erosion predictions in a pipe with abrupt contraction of different contraction ratios for the special case of two‐phase (liquid and solid) turbulent flow with low particle concentration are presented. A mathematical model based on the time‐averaged governing equations of 2‐D axi‐symmetric turbulent flow is used for the calculations of the fluid velocity field (continuous phase). The particle‐tracking model of the solid particles is based on the solution of the governing equation of each particle motion taking into consideration the effect of particle rebound behaviour. Models of erosion were used to predict the erosion rate in mg/g. The effect of Reynolds number and flow direction with respect to the gravity was investigated for three contraction geometries considering water flow in a carbon steel pipe. The results show that the influence of the contraction ratio on local erosion is very significant. However, this influence becomes insignificant when the average erosion rates over the sudden contraction area are considered. The results also indicate the significant influence of inlet velocity variations. The influence of buoyancy is significant for the cases of low velocity of the continuous flow. A threshold velocity below which erosion may be neglected was indicated. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparing the Toxicological Responses of Pulmonary Air–Liquid Interface Models upon Exposure to Differentially Treated Carbon Fibers

In recent years, the use of carbon fibers (CFs) in various sectors of industry has been increasing. Despite the similarity of CF degradation products to other toxicologically relevant materials such as asbestos fibers and carbon nanotubes, a detailed toxicological evaluation of this class of material has yet to be performed. In this work, we exposed advanced air–liquid interface cell culture models of the human lung to CF. To simulate different stresses applied to CF throughout their life cycle, they were either mechanically (mCF) or thermo-mechanically pre-treated (tmCF). Different aspects of inhalation toxicity as well as their possible time-dependency were monitored. mCFs were found to induce a moderate inflammatory response, whereas tmCF elicited stronger inflammatory as well as apoptotic effects. Furthermore, thermal treatment changed the surface properties of the CF resulting in a presumed adhesion of the cells to the fiber fragments and subsequent cell loss. Triple-cultures encompassing epithelial, macrophage, and fibroblast cells stood out with an exceptionally high inflammatory response. Only a weak genotoxic effect was detected in the form of DNA strand breaks in mono- and co-cultures, with triple-cultures presenting a possible secondary genotoxicity. This work establishes CF fragments as a potentially harmful material and emphasizes the necessity of further toxicological assessment of existing and upcoming advanced CF-containing materials.
The genome sequence of the Pied Smudge, Ypsolopha sequella (Clerck, 1759)

We present a genome assembly from an individual Ypsolopha sequella (the Pied Smudge; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Ypsolophidae). The genome sequence is 867 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 30 chromosomal pseudomolecules with the Z sex chromosome assembled. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.3 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 20,394 protein coding genes.
Added Value of Scintillating Element in Cerenkov-Induced Photodynamic Therapy

Cerenkov-induced photodynamic therapy (CR-PDT) with the use of Gallium-68 (68Ga) as an unsealed radioactive source has been proposed as an alternative strategy to X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT). This new strategy still aims to produce a photodynamic effect with the use of nanoparticles, namely, AGuIX. Recently, we replaced Gd from the AGuIX@ platform with Terbium (Tb) as a nanoscintillator and added 5-(4-carboxyphenyl succinimide ester)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin (P1) as a photosensitizer (referred to as AGuIX@Tb-P1). Although Cerenkov luminescence from 68Ga positrons is involved in nanoscintillator and photosensitizer activation, the cytotoxic effect obtained by PDT remains controversial. Herein, we tested whether free 68Ga could substitute X-rays of X-PDT to obtain a cytotoxic phototherapeutic effect. Results were compared with those obtained with AGuIX@Gd-P1 nanoparticles. We showed, by Monte Carlo simulations, the contribution of Tb scintillation in P1 activation by an energy transfer between Tb and P1 after Cerenkov radiation, compared to the Gd-based nanoparticles. We confirmed the involvement of the type II PDT reaction during 68Ga-mediated Cerenkov luminescence, id est, the transfer of photon to AGuIX@Tb-P1 which, in turn, generated P1-mediated singlet oxygen. The effect of 68Ga on cell survival was studied by clonogenic assays using human glioblastoma U-251 MG cells. Exposure of pre-treated cells with AGuIX@Tb-P1 to 68Ga resulted in the decrease in cell clone formation, unlike AGuIX@Gd-P1. We conclude that CR-PDT could be an alternative of X-PDT.