Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci within a young Boophilus microplus metapopulation.

Nine microsatellite loci from the cattle tick Boophilus microplus were isolated and characterized within New Caledonia. This Pacific island was invaded by the cattle tick from a few immigration events dating from mid-20th century. A population survey involving 94 adult ticks indicated monomorphism at one locus, presence of null alleles at another, and high genetic diversity (0.61–0.72) at seven loci apparently suitable for population genetics studies. This opens the opportunity to dissect the populational mechanisms involved in the spectacular capacity of B. microplus to cope with local environmental heterogeneity during its recurrent invasions of tropical areas.
High-gain visible-blind UV photodetectors based on chlorine-doped n-type ZnS nanoribbons with tunable optoelectronic properties

Efficient n-type doping of ZnS nanoribbons (NRs) were accomplished by using chlorine (Cl) as the dopant viathermal evaporation. An indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrode was used to achieve ohmic contact to the ZnS:Cl NRs. The conductivity of the Cl-doped ZnS NRs was significantly improved as compared with the undoped ones and could be tuned to a wide range of 3–4 orders of magnitude by adjusting the Cl doping level. High-performance nano-photodetectors were constructed based on the ZnS:Cl NRs, which show high sensitivity to the UV light while are nearly blind to the visible light. Notably, the ZnS:Cl NR photodetectors have a photoconductive gain as high as ∼107, which is amongst the highest values obtained for UV nano-photodetectors so far. Our results demonstrate that the n-type ZnS NRs with tunable optoelectronic properties are promising building blocks for nano-optoelectronic devices.
Human immunodeficiency virus vaccine an update

Since the discovery of acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in late1980s, the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has reached pandemic proportions, representing a global developmental and public health threat. Finding of a safe, globally effective and affordable HIV vaccine offers the best hope for the future control of the disease pandemic. Significant progress has been made over the past years in the areas of basic virology, immunology, and pathogenesis of HIV/AIDS and the development of anti-retroviral drugs. However, the search for an HIV vaccine faces formidable scientific challenges related to the high genetic variability of the virus, the lack of immune correlates of protection, limitations with the existing animal models and logistical problems associated with the conduct of multiple clinical trials. Most of the vaccine approaches developed so far aim at inducing cell-mediated immune responses. Multiple vaccine concepts and vaccination strategies have been tested, including DNA vaccines, subunit vaccines, live vectored recombinant vaccines, various prime-boost vaccine combinations and vaccine based on broadly neutralizing human anti-HIV Antibody 2G12. This article reviews the state of the art in HIV vaccine research, summarizes the results obtained so far and discusses the challenges to be met in the development of a successful HIV vaccine.
An Osteopathic Approach to Treating Women With Chronic Pelvic Pain

Abstract Chronic pelvic pain is a common gynecologic complaint, affecting about 5% of American women. The differential diagnosis is broad, including many medical diseases, surgical indications, musculoskeletal problems, and somatic dysfunction. Women are more affected than men by pelvic pain because their bodies are subject to more changes. These changes include a cyclic hormonal milieu, major alterations in biomechanics during pregnancy, psychosocial stress, and other modifications during childrearing, and more adjustments during menopause. Both medical and surgical approaches to management exist, but integrative modes of therapy address the body-mind-spirit continuum. Osteopathic manipulative treatment is a valuable option for many affected women from childbirth to menopause.
A vanishing theorem for sheaves of small differential operators in positive characteristic

Let $X$ be a smooth variety over an algebraically closed field $k$ of positive characteristic, ${\rm D}_X$ the sheaf of PD-differential operators, and ${\bar D}_X$ its central reduction, the sheaf of small differential operators. In this paper we show that if $X$ is a line-hyperplane incidence variety (a partial flag variety of type $(1,n,n+1)$) or a quadric of arbitrary dimension (in this case the characteristic is supposed to be odd) then ${\rm H}^{i}(X,{\bar D}_X)=0$ for $i>0$. Using this vanishing result and the derived localization theorem for crystalline differential operators (\cite{BMR}) we show that the Frobenius pushforward of the structure sheaf is a tilting bundle on these varieties, provided that $p>h$, the Coxeter number of the corresponding group.
Stimulation of both type I and type II corticosteroid receptors blunts counterregulatory responses to subsequent hypoglycemia in healthy man.

Antecedent increases of corticosteroids can blunt counterregulatory responses to subsequent stress. Our aim was to determine whether prior activation of type I corticosteroid (mineralocorticoid) or type II corticosteroid (glucocorticoid) receptors blunts counterregulatory responses to subsequent hypoglycemia. Healthy volunteers participated in five randomized 2-day protocols. Day 1 involved morning and afternoon 2-h hyperinsulinemic (9 pmol.kg(-1). min(-1)) euglycemic clamps (PE; n = 14), hypoglycemic clamps (PH; n = 14), or euglycemic clamps with oral fludrocortisone (PE + F; type I agonist, 0.2 mg, n = 14), oral dexamethasone (PE + D; type II agonist, 0.75 mg, n = 13), or both (PE + F + D; n = 14). Day 2 was identical in all protocols and consisted of a 2-h hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp. Day 2 insulin (625 +/- 40 pmol/l) and glucose (2.9 +/- 0.1 mmol/l) levels were similar among groups. Levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucagon, growth hormone, and MSNA were significantly blunted by prior activation of both type I and type II corticosteroid receptors to PE. Prior activation of both corticosteroid receptors also significantly blunted NEFA during subsequent hypoglycemia. Thus, levels of a wide spectrum of key counterregulatory mechanisms (neuroendocrine, ANS, and metabolic) were blunted by antecedent pharmacological stimulation of either type I or type II corticosteroid receptors in healthy man. These data suggest that activation of type I corticosteroid receptors in man can have acute and profound regulating effects on physiological stress in man. Both type I and type II corticosteroid receptors may be involved in the multiple mechanisms controlling counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in healthy man.
The Mediator complex: a master coordinator of transcription and cell lineage development

Mediator is a multiprotein complex that is required for gene transcription by RNA polymerase II. Multiple subunits of the complex show specificity in relaying information from signals and transcription factors to the RNA polymerase II machinery, thus enabling control of the expression of specific genes. Recent studies have also provided novel mechanistic insights into the roles of Mediator in epigenetic regulation, transcriptional elongation, termination, mRNA processing, noncoding RNA activation and super enhancer formation. Based on these specific roles in gene regulation, Mediator has emerged as a master coordinator of development and cell lineage determination. Here, we describe the most recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of Mediator function, with an emphasis on its role during development and disease.
Delay uncertainty due to on-chip simultaneous switching noise in high performance CMOS integrated circuits

On-chip parasitic inductance inherent to the power supply rails has become significant in high speed digital circuits. Therefore, current surges result in voltage fluctuations within the power distribution networks, creating delay uncertainty. On-chip simultaneous switching noise should therefore be considered when estimating the propagation delay of a CMOS logic gate in high speed synchronous CMOS integrated circuits. Analytical expressions characterizing the on-chip simultaneous switching noise voltage and the output voltage waveform of a CMOS logic gate driving both a capacitive and a resistive-capacitive load are presented. The waveform of the output voltage signal based on the analytical expressions is quite close to SPICE. The estimated propagation delay is within 5% as compared to SPICE while the average improvement in accuracy can reach 10% as compared to a delay estimated without considering on-chip simultaneous switching noise. The analytical expressions presented provide an accurate timing model for non-negligible on-chip simultaneous switching noise in high speed synchronous CMOS integrated circuits.
A Natural Language Query Builder Interface for Structured Databases Using Dependency Parsing

A natural language query builder interface retrieves the required data in structured form from database when query is entered in natural language. The user need not necessarily have sufficient technical knowledge of structured query language statements so nontechnical users can also use this proposed model. In natural language parsing, getting highly accurate syntactic analysis is a crucial step. Parsing of natural languages is the process of mapping an input string or a natural language sentence to its syntactic representation. Constituency parsing approach takes more time for parsing. So, natural language query builder interface is developed in which the parsing of natural language sentence is done by using dependency parsing approach. Dependency parsing technique is widespread in natural language domain because of its state-of-art accuracy and efficiency and also it performs best. In this paper, the buffering scheme is also proposed for natural language statements which will not load the whole sentence if it was done previously. Also there was a need of generalized access to all tables from database which is handled in this system.
Rotator cuff degeneration and lateral epicondylitis: a comparative histological study.

OBJECTIVES--Rotator cuff tendinitis and lateral epicondylitis are common in clinical practice but the underlying pathology is poorly understood. The study examined both normal and biopsy tendon specimens histologically, to determine the mechanisms involved in tendon degeneration. METHODS--Rotator cuff tendons from 83 cadavers aged 11-94 and tendon biopsy specimens from 20 patients with lateral epicondylitis aged 27-56 years were examined histologically. RESULTS--The microscopic changes found in the tendon biopsies from the elbow were similar to those found in the cadaveric rotator cuff tendons. Abnormalities ranged from minor blood vessel wall changes and loss of tenocytes to calcification. The most frequent abnormality was glycosaminoglycan infiltration and fibrocartilaginous transformation. There appeared to be some sequence in the changes observed which were milder in younger patients. Only 17% of cadaver tendons, below the age of 39 were abnormal but abnormalities increase in later life to around 40-50%. CONCLUSIONS--There was an increasing incidence of degenerative changes in tendons with age. The changes observed in biopsy samples of common extensor tendons were the same as those seen in aged supraspinatus tendons, but these changes were not seen in control common extensor tendons.
Molecular Fluorescence Endoscopy Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A for Improved Colorectal Polyp Detection

Small and flat adenomas are known to carry a high miss-rate during standard white-light endoscopy. Increased detection rate may be achieved by molecular fluorescence endoscopy with targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent tracers. The aim of this study was to validate vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–targeted fluorescent tracers during ex vivo colonoscopy with an NIR endoscopy platform. Methods: VEGF-A and EGFR expression was determined by immunohistochemistry on a large subset of human colorectal tissue samples—48 sessile serrated adenomas/polyps, 70 sporadic high-grade dysplastic adenomas, and 19 hyperplastic polyps—and tissue derived from patients with Lynch syndrome—78 low-grade dysplastic adenomas, 57 high-grade dysplastic adenomas, and 31 colon cancer samples. To perform an ex vivo colonoscopy procedure, 14 mice with small intraperitoneal EGFR-positive HCT116luc tumors received intravenous bevacizumab-800CW (anti-VEGF-A), cetuximab-800CW (anti-EGFR), control tracer IgG-800CW, or sodium chloride. Three days later, 8 resected HCT116luc tumors (2–5 mm) were stitched into 1 freshly resected human colon specimen and followed by an ex vivo molecular fluorescence colonoscopy procedure. Results: Immunohistochemistry showed high VEGF-A expression in 79%–96% and high EGFR expression in 51%–69% of the colorectal lesions. Both targets were significantly overexpressed in the colorectal lesions, compared with the adjacent normal colon crypts. During ex vivo molecular fluorescence endoscopy, all tumors could clearly be delineated for both bevacizumab-800CW and cetuximab-800CW tracers. Specific tumor uptake was confirmed with fluorescent microscopy showing, respectively, stromal and cell membrane fluorescence. Conclusion: VEGF-A is a promising target for molecular fluorescence endoscopy because it showed a high protein expression, especially in sessile serrated adenomas/polyps and Lynch syndrome. We demonstrated the feasibility to visualize small tumors in real time during colonoscopy using a NIR fluorescence endoscopy platform, providing the endoscopist a wide-field red-flag technique for adenoma detection. Clinical studies are currently being performed in order to provide in-human evaluation of our approach.
Understanding the effect of skin mechanical properties on the friction of human finger-pads

The aim of this work is to achieve an understanding of the effect of skin mechanical properties on the friction of human finger-pads. This project primarily concentrates on gaining a more fundamental understanding of the frictional properties of skin. To achieve this, various parameters (epidermis thickness, sweat-gland counts, etc.) affecting skin friction were evaluated using an in-vivo technique, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and a friction testing device. This project is also interested in investigating how those parameters alter the friction for different ages, genders, ethnicities and different contact conditions, such as moisture, temperature, loads, etc. Experimental studies were conducted to investigate the skin frictional behaviour. The findings showed that the skin friction obeys a two-term relationship. The skin friction was found to be strongly associated with its Young’s modulus. Tests on the skin structural properties showed the moisture level of the skin, skin thickness and skin morphological properties play important roles in determining the skin friction. The findings gained can be applied to explain how the skin friction varies among different participants. Further tests showed that physico-chemical properties of the skin can have a significant effect on the skin friction. The OCT system was combined with a multi-axis force plate to measure the contact area between fingers and smooth surfaces. Static measurement showed both apparent and real contact area increase with normal load following a power-law relationship. This is associated with the skin mechanical properties. The dynamic contact area was investigated using a Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method. As a finger was sliding along a flat surface, the dynamic apparent contact area was found to decrease with time.
A Linguistic Analysis of Student-Generated Paraphrases

Paraphrase identification is a core Natural Language Processing task that involves assessing the semantic similarity of two texts. To foster systematic studies of this task, standardized datasets were created on which various approaches could be compared more fairly. However, a better understanding and more precise operational definition of a paraphrase are needed before any further datasets or systematic evaluations of the task of paraphrase identification are proposed. This study develops the concept of paraphrasing as a writing strategy. Six types of paraphrases are defined through the creation of a relatively large corpus of student-generated paraphrases. These paraphrases are analyzed along several dozen linguistic dimensions ranging from cohesion to lexical diversity. The most significant indices from these dimensions were then used to build a prediction model that could identify true and false paraphrases and each of the six paraphrase types.
Tagging Social Images by Parallel Tag Graph Partitioning

In recent years, we have witnessed a great success of social community websites. Large-scale social images with rich metadata are increasingly available on the Web. In this paper, we focus on efficiently tagging social images by partitioning the large-scale tag graph in parallel. Vertices of the tag graph are constructed by the candidate tags which are extended from initial tags. Initial tags are extracted from the rich metadata of social images, including user supplied tags, notes data and group information. Edge weight of the tag graph is calculated by combining two parameters, which are related to image visual features and tag co-occurrence. Both global and local features are considered in parameter 1. For each candidate tag, a neighbor images voting algorithm is performed to calculated parameter 2. As the tag graph may be large-scale, we utilize a parallel graph partitioning algorithm to accelerate the graph partitioning process. After the tag graph is partitioned, we rank all the sub-graphs according to the edge weight within one sub-graph. Afterwards, final tags are selected from the top ranked sub-graphs. Experimental results on Flickr image collection well demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, we apply our social image tagging algorithm in tag-based image retrieval to illustrate that our algorithm can really enhance the performance of social image tagging related applications.
A POPULATION OF LYMPHOCYTES BEARING A MEMBRANE RECEPTOR FOR ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY-COMPLEMENT COMPLEXES

A population of lymphoid cells from several animal species, including man, was identified through a membrane receptor which binds sheep red blood cells treated with antibody and complement. When cells from different lymphoid organs were incubated with EAC at 37°C, only part of the lymphocytes (named CRL) bound EAC and formed rosettes, and this interaction was shown to be C3-dependent. Mouse lymphoid cells could be specifically depleted of CRL by allowing them first to interact with EAC and then submitting the mixture to ultracentrifugation in a gradient of BSA. After ultracentrifugation, a population of cells containing 95% or more of non-CRL were recovered from the upper layers of the gradient. In addition to their different abilities to bind EAC, CRL and non-CRL from mouse lymphoid organs could be distinguished by the following properties: (a) CRL adhered preferentially to nylon wool at 37°C in the presence of mouse serum. (b) After differential flotation in a gradient of BSA, a significantly higher proportion of CRL were recovered from the upper layers of the gradient. (c) The population of CRL contained most of the lymphocytes bearing immunoglobulin determinants on their membranes. (d) The distribution of CRL was quite different among lymphocytes obtained from various lymphoid organs, and they were never found in the thymus. (e) The membrane receptor for EAC was not detected in plaque-forming cells of mice which had been previously immunized with burro red cells. CRL and non-CRL could not be distinguished by their life span, as they were found in similar proportions among long-lived and short-lived lymphocytes from mouse peripheral lymph nodes. The function of this receptor on the membrane of certain lymphoid cells may be related to (a) the trapping and localization of antigen in lymphoid organs or (b) the localization of lymphoid cells in inflammatory sites.
The "White-Eyed" Player Culture: Grief Play and Construction of Deviance in MMORPGs

This study explores the social process governing the nature, emergence, application, and consequences of labeling the ‘white-eyed’ or grief players in massively multiplayer online role playing games in Taiwan. We found that two types of ‘white-eyed’ players exist in MMORPGs. The explicit type, who come out and organize themselves into griefer pledges, can be understood as players who rebel against game rules. Most of the common players are actually the second type, or implicit griefers. They play grief in an unidentifiable way with weak self-awareness, and put the griefer stigma on other age-groups to alleviate their anxiety in a cross-age co-playing era.
Study of snort-based IDS

General trend in industry is a shift from Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS). In this paper, we have investigated the motivations behind this trend. In addition, we have surveyed some of the available IDS/IPS tools. Real time analysis of several Internet attacks was done using SNORT, "the de facto standard for intrusion detection/prevention", and Nmap in order to study malicious behavior of our network. Simulation results of Scanning attack as well as DoS attack performed on test computer have been provided. A comparative analysis of the results obtained with Snort and EagleX showed the higher efficiency of Snort.
RPython: a step towards reconciling dynamically and statically typed OO languages

Although the C-based interpreter of Python is reasonably fast, implementations on the CLI or the JVM platforms offers some advantages in terms of robustness and interoperability. Unfortunately, because the CLI and JVM are primarily designed to execute statically typed, object-oriented languages, most dynamic language implementations cannot use the native bytecodes for common operations like method calls and exception handling; as a result, they are not able to take full advantage of the power offered by the CLI and JVM. We describe a different approach that attempts to preserve the flexibility of Python, while still allowing for efficient execution. This is achieved by limiting the use of the more dynamic features of Python to an initial, bootstrapping phase. This phase is used to construct a final RPython (Restricted Python) program that is actually executed. RPython is a proper subset of Python, is statically typed, and does not allow dynamic modification of class or method definitions; however, it can still take advantage of Python features such as mixins and first-class methods and classes. This paper presents an overview of RPython, including its design and its translation to both CLI and JVM bytecode. We show how the bootstrapping phase can be used to implement advanced features, like extensible classes and generative programming. We also discuss what work remains before RPython is truly ready for general use, and compare the performance of RPython with that of other approaches.