Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Erratum: Habitat and seasonal distribution of Odonata (Insecta) of Mula and Mutha river basins, Maharashtra, India

Catchment landscape degradation and habitat modifications of freshwater ecosystems are a primary cause of biodiversity loss in riverine ecosystems all over the world. Many elements of the flora and fauna of freshwater ecosystems are sensitive to the changes in catchment land use and habitat modification. These sensitive taxa are also reliable indicators of freshwater ecosystem health. In the current study we investigate the seasonal and habitat distribution of Odonata (Insecta) across riparian land use types in Mula and Mutha river basins, northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra. There was a difference in the species composition across land use types and across seasons with highest diversity and abundance during the post monsoon period. The highest Odonata diversity was observed in urban areas followed by forest and agriculture fields. There was a loss of 31% of the odonate fauna in the study area over 50 years which could be due to rapid industrialization and urbanization of the region and consequent degradation of freshwater ecosystems. The significance of catchment land use on Odonata diversity and its value in landscape monitoring is discussed.
Assessing uncertainty in best management practice effectiveness under future climate scenarios

Uncertainty of best management practice (BMP) performance in future climates is an important consideration for water resources managers. The objective of this study was to quantify the level of uncertainty in performance of seven agricultural BMPs due to climate change in reducing sediment, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus loads. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool coupled with mid‐21st century climate data from the Community Climate System Model were used to develop climate change scenarios for the Tuttle Creek Lake Watershed of Kansas and Nebraska. Uncertainty level of each BMP was determined using Latin Hypercube Sampling, a constrained Monte Carlo sampling technique. Samples were taken from distributions of several variables (monthly precipitation, temperature, CO2, and BMP implementation parameters). Cumulative distribution functions were constructed for each BMP, pollutant, and climate scenario combination. Results demonstrated that BMP performance uncertainty is amplified in the extreme climate scenario. Among BMPs, native grass replacement generally had higher uncertainty level but also had the greatest reductions. This study highlights the importance of incorporating uncertainty analysis into mitigation strategies aiming to reduce negative impacts of climate change on water resources. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bulk chemistry of Saharan shergottite Dar al Gani 476

Abstract— We report on major and trace element analyses obtained by, respectively, inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‐AES) and inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) of three different aliquots of the new Saharan shergottite Dar al Gani (DaG) 476. The new analyses are in excellent agreement with previous data (Zipfel et al., 2000). Ba, Sr and U abundances, together with the presence of carbonate, suggest that the sample has been significantly weathered. Three rare earth element (REE) patterns (normalized to CI) determined on three different aliquots of the sample all show similar shapes. The heavy REEs are flat with a slight depletion at the heavy end and a strong depletion from Dy to Pr. All of the patterns display an upturn to La which we interpret as being caused by the introduction of a terrestrial component. Taking the terrestrial contamination into account, this study demonstrates that DaG 476 is one of the most depleted of the shergottites, and, just like Queen Alexandra Range (QUE) 94201 (Dreibus et al., 1996), displays very low Zr/Hf ratios. It appears that the Zr/Hf ratios of shergottites are not uniform, and have been significantly fractionated by martian mantle processes.
Shear strength of Athabasca Oil Sands

Previously published data are inadequate to explain the high natural shear strength of oil sand. Dissolved gas comes out of solution when confining stresses are removed rapidly, and this results in an internal pressure that expands the oil sand specimens disrupting their fabric. Geophysical logs indicate that in situ densities are much higher than those determined from conventionally cored specimens.Although the behavior of slopes in oil sands suggests that the shear strength is high, the source of strength of the oil sand has not been explained. Therefore detailed oil sand strength testing was undertaken on samples obtained in a special manner. Down-hole refrigeration of cored sections resulted in relatively high-quality specimens, and these were shaped on a lathe to provide triaxial and shear-box test samples.Strength tests on dense Ottawa sand, oil sand tailings and densely recompacted oil sand were performed: standard behavior was observed throughout. A series of triaxial and shear-box tests on undist.
A Hybrid Method for Simulation Factor Screening

Factor screening is performed to eliminate unimportant factors so that the remaining important factors can be more thoroughly studied in later experiments. Controlled sequential bifurcation (CSB) and controlled sequential factorial design (CSFD) are two new screening methods for discrete-event simulations. Both methods use hypothesis testing procedures to control the Type I Error and power of the screening results. The scenarios at which each method is most efficient are complementary. This paper proposes a two-stage hybrid approach to combine CSB and CSFD. The new method usually has the same error control as CSB and CSFD. The efficiency, on the other hand, is usually much better than either component method
Assault on Paradise: Social Change in a Brazilian Village

Part 1 A story of change: before - the Sixties after - the road to 1980. Part 2 Paradise: the structure of equality the protestant ethic and the spirit of fisherman the bigger pond. Part 3 Assault on paradise: the browning of Arembepe. Part 4 Reality: another sunrise in the land of dreams if you don't fish, you work for Tibras the web of government social differentiation and the origin of deviance a community of outsiders the global village.
The velocity and attenuation anisotropy of shale at ultrasonic frequency

The velocity and attenuation anisotropy of dry and oil-saturated shale were measured at laboratory ultrasonic frequency by using the transmission technique. Our purpose is to find the variation rules of wave velocity and attenuation in different directions as a function of effective pressure in dry and oil-saturated situations, and those intrinsic factors that result in such anisotropy. Using x-ray diffraction techniques and a scanning electron microscope, the causative factors for the velocity anisotropy are found to be mainly due to the alignment of clay mineral and microcracks. The attenuation of P- and S-waves also shows apparent directional dependence, but different from that of velocities. Attenuation anisotropy can be interpreted in terms of grain and pore geometry. For dry shale samples, the dominant attenuation mechanism is phase hysteresis due to static friction. On one hand, the Biot flow plays a key role in causing wave attenuation for the P-wave propagating parallel to bedding for fluid-saturated samples. On the other hand, the fluid-related attenuation is mainly attributed to the mechanisms of squirt flow for the P-wave propagating vertical to bedding.
Comparison of three different methods to merge multiresolution and multispectral data: Landsat TM and SPOT panchromatic

The merging of multisensor image data is becoming a widely used procedure because of the complementary nature of various data sets. Ideally, the method used to merge data sets with high-spatial and high-spectral resolution should not distort the spectral characteristics of the high-spectral resolution data. This paper compares the results of three different methods used to merge the information contents of the Landsat Thermatic Mapper (TM) and Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) panchromatic data. The comparison is based on spectral characteristics and is made using statistical, visual, and graphical analyses of the results
A prospective randomized pilot study evaluating an ERAS protocol versus a standard protocol for patients treated with

and mean Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite, bowel symptom score increased in the SP group at the time of discharge compared to prior to surgery. Conclusions This study shows the feasibility of a randomized pilot study assessing ERAS compared to SP post RC. ERAS protocol provided evidence of significant benefits over SP with similar complication rates. This study suggests the need for a clinical trial of assessing ERAS protocols after RC.
Assessment of the aerosols distribution in the Bucharest metropolitan area in relation with health effects

MODIS Terra/Aqua time-series satellite images and in- situ monitoring of particle matter PM2.5 and PM10 have been used in an effort to qualitatively assess distribution of aerosols in the greater Bucharest area during 2010-2011 period. It was found that PM2.5 and PM10 aerosols exhibit their highest concentration mostly in the central part mainly due to road traffic as well as in the industrialized parts outside of city’s centre. An epidemiological study examining the relationships between adverse health outcomes and exposure to air pollutants in metropolitan agglomeration of Bucharest used ambient air pollution measurements like as PM10 and PM2.5 levels as a proxy for personal exposure levels. The measurements of environmental concentrations of particulate matter air pollutants have been correlated with health effects on respiratory health status of school children in urban/periurban areas of Bucharest.
Principles of CMOS VLSI Design: A Systems Perspective

Introduction to CMOS Circuits. Introduction. MOS Transistors. MOS Transistor Switches. CMOS Logic. Circuit Representations. CMOS Summary. MOS Transistor Theory. Introduction. MOS Device Design Equation. The Complemenatry CMOS Inverter-DC Characteristics. Alternate CMOS Inverters. The Differential Stage. The Transmission Gate. Bipolar Devices. CMOS Processing Technology. Silicon Semiconductor Technology: An Overview. CMOS Technologies. Layout Design Rules. CAD Issues. Circuit Characterization and Performance Estimation. Introduction. Resistance Estimation. Capacitance Estimation. Inductance. Switching Characteristics. CMOS Gate Transistor Sizing. Power Consumption. Determination of Conductor Size. Charge Sharing. Design Margining. Yield. Scaling of MOS Transistor Dimensions. CMOS Circuit and Logic Design. Introduction. CMOS Logic Structures. Basic Physical Design of Simple Logic Gates. Clocking Strategies. Physical and Electrical Design of Logic Gates. 10 Structures. Structured Design Strategies. Introduction. Design Economics. Design Strategies. Design Methods. CMOS Chip Design Options. Design Capture Tools. Design Verification Tools. CMOS Test Methodolgies. Introduction. Fault Models. Design for Testability. Automatic Test Pattern Generation. Design for Manufacturability. CMOS Subsystem Design. Introduction. Adders and Related Functions. Binary Counters. Multipliers and Filter Structures. Random Access and Serial Memory. Datapaths. FIR and IIR Filters. Finite State Machines. Programmable Logic Arrays. Random Control Logic.
SCinet: Testbed for High-Performance Networked Applications

The network's use by high-performance applications is difficult to evaluate in the real world. To better understand this interaction, leading experts and organizations in ultra-high-performance networking and computing come together once a year to build an intense, diverse, high-performance network. Almost overnight, the SCinet network comes online as a testbed to show-case state-of-the-art network technology at the IEEE/ACM-sponsored supercomputing conference known as SCxy. in the words of one network engineer, the SCinet team challenges application developers to "burn down the world's fastest network. " They selected 10 of the most data-intensive applications in 2000 and 12 applications in 2001 for evaluation in a formal judging.
From the Corn Laws to Free Trade: Interests, Ideas, and Institutions in Historical Perspective

The repeal of Britain's Corn Laws in 1846--one of the most important economic policy decisions of the nineteenth century--has long intrigued and puzzled political scientists, historians, and economists. Why would a Conservative prime minister act against his own party's interests? The Conservatives entered government in 1841 with a strong commitment to protecting agriculture; five years later, the Conservative Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel presided over repeal of the protectionist Corn Laws, violating party principles and undercutting the economic interests of the land-owning aristocracy. Only a third of Conservative members of Parliament supported the repeal legislation and within a month of repeal, Peel's government fell. The Conservatives remained out of power for decades. In this definitive book, Cheryl Schonhardt-Bailey examines the interacting forces that brought about the abrupt beginning of Britain's free-trade empire. Using a wide variety of methodological tools to measure both qualitative and quantitative data (including computer-assisted content analysis of thousands of pages of parliamentary debates), Schonhardt-Bailey concludes that economic interests provided the momentum behind repeal, a momentum that overshadowed almost all else. Indeed, as part of a broader momentum of democratic reform, these same interests, left unsatisfied, may easily have snowballed into revolution--as Sir Robert Peel and others feared. But interests alone did not explain why reform rather than revolution emerged in mid-nineteenth century Britain. In order to resolve more fully the long-standing puzzle of repeal, Schonhardt-Bailey traces the overlapping and intertwined forces of interest, ideas, and institutions.
Atmospheric torques on land and ocean and implications for Earth's angular momentum budget

The exchange of angular momentum between the atmosphere and the oceans and solid Earth is examined using 40 years of atmospheric angular momentum (AAM) and ocean and land torque data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis. Land torques are the dominant driving mechanism for AAM at submonthly periods. Ocean torques are as important as land torques at periods of 3 months and longer, however. With the exception of the annual and semiannual bands the ocean torque seems to mainly damp the AAM signals. The importance of the ocean torque implies a three-way interaction among atmosphere, oceans, and solid Earth. For an ocean that simply transmits to the solid Earth the angular momentum exchanged with the atmosphere, with a delay of a few days at most, the analyzed torques imply that AAM should lead the length of day (LOD), which is contrary to the observations at monthly and longer periods. Sources of missing angular momentum variability, either from atmospheric or other origins, that can potentially explain the observed AAM and LOD phase relationship are discussed.
Parameterization of shortwave cloud optical properties for a mixture of ice particle habits for use in atmospheric models

[1] On the basis of single-scattering optical properties precomputed with an improved geometric optics method, the bulk absorption coefficient, single-scattering albedo, and asymmetry factor of ice particles have been parameterized as a function of the effective particle size of a mixture of ice habits, the ice water amount, and spectral band. The parameterization has been applied to computing fluxes for sample clouds with various particle size distributions and assumed mixtures of particle habits. It is found that flux calculations are not overly sensitive to the assumed particle habits if the definition of the effective particle size is consistent with the particle habits on which the parameterization is based. Otherwise, the error in the flux calculations could reach a magnitude unacceptable for climate studies. Different from many previous studies, the parameterization requires only an effective particle size representing all ice habits in a cloud layer but not the effective size of individual ice habits.
A Tale of Two Cities: Settlement Disparities in School Achievement in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

In Ouagadougou (the capital of Burkina Faso), at least 33% of the 2 million inhabitants live in informal settlements. This subpopulation lacks social infrastructure and has extremely low education attainments. Through a two-step control function approach, we investigate disparities in educational attainment between formal and informal settlements in Ouagadougou. We focus on differences in families' behavior towards schooling in the two settlement types, in particular, the trade-off between child quantity and quality. We find evidence of a child quantity and quality trade-off in both settlements. By adapting long's (2009) group comparisons multiple testing procedure, we find that the trade-off is more acute in informal settlements. Moreover, we use the latter strategy to analyze the impact of a governmental Ten-Year Basic Education Development Plan (PDDEB 2001-2011) on educational attainment's disparities between formal and informal settlements.
ESTIMAP: A GIS-BASED MODEL TO MAP ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

Policies of the European Union which affect the use or protection of natural resources increasingly need spatial data on the supply, the flow and the demand of ecosystem services. The model ESTIMAP was developed to this purpose. ESTIMAP departs from land cover and land use maps to which it adds other spatial information with the objective to map various ecosystem services. This study introduces the ESTIMAP map as tool to support the mapping and modelling of ecosystem services at European scale. Examples are provided for three regulating ecosystem services, air quality regulation, coastal protection, and pollination and one cultural ecosystem services, recreation.
A new method of extracting shape features from IKONOS imagery based on Fourier Descriptor: an application to object-oriented classification

Shape is an important visual feature of very high-resolution satellite data. Fourier Descriptor (FDs) was introduced in this paper as a new method to extract and represent objects' shape features of IKONOS imagery and a 5-dimensional (5- D) feature-vector was proposed as a shape parameter. A classification model was established based on K-means clustering algorithm, the 5-D feature-vector was taken as discrimination variable together with the mean gray values. The results showed that when involving the shape feature-vector into the classification model, the overall classification accuracy was 82.4% with 84.6% producer accuracy of roads. So it was confirmed a feasible way to represent shape features of remotely sensed imagery based on FDs.
Submergence Analysis Using Geo-Informatics Technology for Proposed Dam Reservoirs of Par-Tapi-Narmada River Link Project, Gujarat State, India

The Par-Tapi-Narmada river link envisages transfer of surplus water from west flowing rivers between Par and Tapi in Gujarat State, India to water deficit areas in North Gujarat. The scheme is located mainly in southern Gujarat but it also covers part of the areas of Maharashtra, North of Mumbai on the Western Ghats of India. The main aim of Par-Tapi-Narmada link is to transfer the surplus waters of Par, Auranga, Ambica and Purna River basins to take over part of Narmada Canal command (Miyagam branch) after providing enroute irrigation. It is proposed that water saved in Sardar Sarovar Project, as a result of this transfer, would be taken further northwards to benefit water scarce areas of north Gujarat and also westwards in Saurashtra and Kutch regions. The construction of seven reservoirs on Par-Tapi-Narmada River Link Project would affect land use/land cover, settlements and infrastructure facilities within and around reservoir area. Thus, the submergence impact analysis of all the seven reservoirs of this project have been carried out by using remote sensing and GIS techniques for planning and designing of the structures. Out of the seven reservoirs, the paper discusses submergence analysis of Kelwan Dam reservoir which is located in geologically complex region of the Dangs district. The study attempts to assess the present problems of submergence of land, forest, agriculture, settlements and infrastructure facilities by using GIS techniques for taking alternative remedial measures prior and during construction of the dams.
Effects of variations in fault slip rate on sequence stratigraphy in fan deltas: Insights from numerical modeling

Results from a newly developed numerical model incorporating tectonic subsidence, eustasy, and sedimentation are presented for rift-basin settings. In particular, we simulate contemporaneous fan-delta deposition, subsidence, and eustatic sea-level variations to investigate the three-dimensional nature of depositional sequences in the hanging wall of a normal fault. A random-walk algorithm is used for sediment delivery from source to shoreline, together with a nonlinear three-dimensional diffusion equation for sediment movement on steep delta foresets. Three sediment sources are modeled; they are located along strike in areas of low, medium, and high subsidence. Rates of hanging-wall subsidence, eustatic sea-level variation, and sediment supply are derived from studies of active extensional basins. The resulting stratigraphy contains three fan deltas with distinct morphologies and internal stacking patterns. Sequence boundaries and offlap (forced regression) are restricted to areas of low subsidence, toward the fault tip; aggradationally stacked deltaic wedges are along strike where subsidence rates are high, near the fault center. The simulated geometries compare well to natural examples and highlight along-strike sequence variability and the importance of local controls in such settings.
Improving Magnetotelluric Data Degraded By Correlated Noise With Robust Regression Analysis And Recurrent Neural Networks

Over the past few years Magnetotelluric (MT) has seen extensive use in Italy for operational hydrocarbon exploration. MT is been applied . successfully for both reconnaissance and deta i led permit evaluation in a variety of difficult environments such as complex geology, rugged topography and high cultural noise. One important aspect of technical concern has been data processing. Results obtained from conventional methods are inadeguate when data quality is poor. One main question has been how to reduce noise in the data as much as possible. The remote reference processing has turned out to be very effective, although not definite in improving data quality. Various sort of robust data adaptive weighting scheme (Stodt, 1986, Sutarno and Vozoff, 1991, Larsen et al., 1996) have been applied and have improved the situation greatly. However, all to often there are still critical areas and/or frequency ranges where useful data are difficult to obtain. Typically, these difficulties are most severe if there are outliers or strong correlated noise signals due to electric train signals and active cathodic protection of pipelines in most data sections. Here we report on our efforts to develop an improved method to obtain interpretable data in these difficult areas. Our approach is a combination of use of a very far fixed remote reference tested to be free of regional correlated noise sources and of a novel processing approach based on: selection of subsets of data (based on coherence) followed by filtering of these subsets using a reweighted least median of squares for the E M 1 . 8