Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on IPv6 intrusion detection system based on state protocol analysis

This paper describes the protocol analysis technology and its working principle combined with the encapsulation characteristic of Ipv6 packet, gives the state protocol analysis model SPAFA based on automata theory, discusses the detection algorithm of the model, and proposes a intrusion framework combined with the protocol analysis technology and sate protocol analysis model. The research indicates that the system based on the framework can effectively detect various intrusion attacks; it is high in the detection efficiency and the detection accuracy and reduces false alarm and omission report, which effectively solves the problem of IPv6 intrusion detection.
A simple fault-tolerant induction motor drive for dependable electrical auxiliary equipment of railway locomotives

A simple fault-tolerant induction motor drive with v/f speed control included in the electrical auxiliary equipment of railway locomotives is presented in the paper. The employment of fault tolerant on-board electrical auxiliary equipment increases the dependability and then the quality of the railway service. The fault tolerance technique consists of some emergency countermeasures applied in case of fault. It includes a fault diagnosis procedure based on the analysis of the current vector, the connection of the stator winding neutral point to the dc-link middle point and the variation of the v/f law, taking into account the contribution of the zero-sequence impedance and the need for a flux weakening in order to avoid saturation. Some experimental results are reported showing the improved performance of the motor drive under fault conditions by means of the proposed remedial strategy.
Fault Localization Using Textual Similarities

Maintenance is a dominant component of software cost, and localizing reported defects is a significant component of maintenance. We propose a scalable approach that leverages the natural language present in both defect reports and source code to identify files that are potentially related to the defect in question. Our technique is language-independent and does not require test cases. The approach represents reports and code as separate structured documents and ranks source files based on a document similarity metric that leverages inter-document relationships. We evaluate the fault-localization accuracy of our method against both lightweight baseline techniques and also reported results from state-of-the-art tools. In an empirical evaluation of 5345 historical defects from programs totaling 6.5 million lines of code, our approach reduced the number of files inspected per defect by over 91%. Additionally, we qualitatively and quantitatively examine the utility of the textual and surface features used by our approach.
Chronic ethanol alters network activity and endocannabinoid signaling in the prefrontal cortex

Chronic use of alcohol is associated with structural and functional alterations in brain areas that subserve cognitive processes. Of particular importance is the prefrontal cortex (PFC) that is involved in higher order behaviors such as decision making, risk assessment and judgment. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie alcohol's effects on PFC function is important for developing strategies to overcome the cognitive deficits that may predispose individuals to relapse. Our previous studies showed that acutely applied ethanol inhibits network activity in slices of prefrontal cortex and that exogenous and endogenous cannabinoids modulate up-state dynamics. In the present study, we examined the effects of repeated alcohol exposure on cannabinoid regulation of up-states in slice cultures of the prefrontal cortex. Compared to controls, up-state duration, but not amplitude was enhanced when measured 4 days after a 10 day ethanol exposure (44 mM ethanol; equivalent to 0.2% blood ethanol). Administration of the CB1 agonist WIN 55,212-2 enhanced the amplitude of up-states in control cultures but not in those treated previously with ethanol. This lack of effect occurred in the absence of any noticeable change in CB1 receptor protein expression. Chronic ethanol treatment and withdrawal also blunted WIN's inhibition of electrically evoked GABA IPSCs in layer II/III pyramidal neurons but not those in layer V/VI. WIN inhibited the amplitude of spontaneous GABA IPSCs in both layers and the magnitude of this effect was not altered by ethanol treatment. However, in layer V/VI neurons, WIN's effect on sIPSC frequency was greater in ethanol treated cultures. WIN also inhibited electrically evoked NMDA EPSCs in both layer II/III and V/VI neurons but this action was unaffected by ethanol treatment and withdrawal. Overall, these results suggest that ethanol's down-regulation of cannabinoid signaling results in altered network activity in the prefrontal cortex.
Maternal nutritional depletion.

The author discusses maternal nutritional depletion, the negative energy balance and/or micronutrient deficiencies resulting from the energetic burden of frequent reproductive cycling combined with undernutrition and overexertion, and its impact upon a woman's health and nutritional status and that of her offspring. The article is therefore concerned with the impact of nutritional depletion which occurs during a woman's life cycle, as opposed to the effects of nutritional depletion which occur intergenerationally. A brief summary is presented of the recognition and controversy regarding the effects of reproductive stress followed by a description of the factors which make assessment and identification of specific consequences so complex, with approaches suggested to alleviate maternal nutritional depletion. Policy directions and areas for research are suggested.
Dual suppression of estrogenic and inflammatory activities for targeting of endometriosis

The estrogen-dependent inflammatory and neuroangiogenic activities that drive endometriosis can be suppressed by estrogen receptor ligands in mice. Fewer Lesions, More Little Mice Endometriosis is a poorly understood disorder of the female reproductive system, where collections of tissue that normally lines the uterus appear outside the uterus as well. These tissue deposits can be found anywhere in the abdominal cavity, where they cause inflammation and pain, and often also decreased fertility. Although some hormonal treatments for endometriosis exist, they are not always effective, have numerous side effects, and also suppress fertility. Now, Zhao et al. present some mechanistic explanations for the inflammatory phenomena seen in endometriosis. Even more importantly, the authors identified two new estrogen receptor ligands that can suppress endometriosis in mouse models safely and effectively, without disrupting the animals’ reproductive cycles and fertility. Estrogenic and inflammatory components play key roles in a broad range of diseases including endometriosis, a common estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder in which endometrial tissue creates inflammatory lesions at extrauterine sites, causing pelvic pain and reduced fertility. Current medical therapies focus primarily on reducing systemic levels of estrogens, but these are of limited effectiveness and have considerable side effects. We developed estrogen receptor (ER) ligands, chloroindazole (CLI) and oxabicycloheptene sulfonate (OBHS), which showed strong ER-dependent anti-inflammatory activity in a preclinical model of endometriosis that recapitulates the estrogen dependence and inflammatory responses of the disease in immunocompetent mice and in primary human endometriotic stromal cells in culture. Estrogen-dependent phenomena, including cell proliferation, cyst formation, vascularization, and lesion growth, were all arrested by CLI or OBHS, which prevented lesion expansion and also elicited regression of established lesions, suppressed inflammation, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis in the lesions, and interrupted crosstalk between lesion cells and infiltrating macrophages. Studies in ERα or ERβ knockout mice indicated that ERα is the major mediator of OBHS effectiveness and ERβ is dominant in CLI actions, implying involvement of both ERs in endometriosis. Neither ligand altered estrous cycling or fertility at doses that were effective for suppression of endometriosis. Hence, CLI and OBHS are able to restrain endometriosis by dual suppression of the estrogen-inflammatory axis. Our findings suggest that these compounds have the desired characteristics of preventive and therapeutic agents for clinical endometriosis and possibly other estrogen-driven and inflammation-promoted disorders.
Chalcogenide Glass Hollow-Core Microstructured Optical Fibers

The recent developments on chalcogenide glass hollow core microstructured optical fibers (HC-MOFs) are presented. The comparative analysis of simulated optical properties for chalcogenide HC-MOFs of negative-curvature with different size and number of capillaries is given. The technique for the manufacture of microstructured chalcogenide preforms, which includes the assembly of the substrate glass tube and 8-10 capillaries, is described. Further trends to improve the optical transmission in chalcogenide NCHCFs are considered.
Variabilidade espacial da saturação por bases e da saturação por alumínio do solo, numa catena do pampa, cultivada com soja. / Spatial variability of base saturation and of aluminum saturation of soil, on a catena of pampa, cultivated with soybean

A saturacao por bases (V%) e um indicativo de fertilidade dos solos, sendo que niveis altos de saturacao por bases indicam que existem grandes quantidades de cations, como Ca² + , Mg² + e K + , proporcionando a diminuicao dos valores dos ions H + e do aluminio trocavel do solo (Al 3+ ). Ja a saturacao por aluminio (m%) expressa a toxidez do solo, e tambem, refere-se a porcentagem da CTC efetiva ocupada por aluminio, neste caso, valores elevados de m%, indicam que o solo e acido, podendo conter Al 3+ em nivel toxico para as plantas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever a variabilidade e as relacoes espaciais da saturacao por bases e da saturacao por aluminio de Neossolos cultivados com soja, sob cultivo minimo, numa catena do Pampa. Foram realizadas prospeccoes por meio de 52 pontos de uma malha, com intervalos regulares de 15 m, na profundidade de 0,0 – 0,2 m, numa area de 1,17 ha. Em seguida, determinaram-se as propriedades quimicas dos solos e posteriormente, foi realizado o calculo da Soma de Bases (SB), da capacidade de troca cationica efetiva (CTCefetiva), da capacidade de troca cationica potencial (CTCpH7), da V% e da m%. As propriedades quimicas dos Neossolos apresentaram relacoes espaciais em sua distribuicao. A densidade amostral mostrou-se de grande importância para as definicoes das variaveis com exatidao. Os Neossolos cultivados com soja, sob cultivo minimo apresentam boa fertilidade quimica, com elevada saturacao por bases e baixa saturacao por aluminio.
Intralesional Regulatory T-Cell Suppressive Function during Human Acute and Chronic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Due to Leishmania guyanensis

ABSTRACT The levels of regulatory T cells (Treg cells), analyzed by Foxp3 mRNA expression, were determined in lesions from patients with acute cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) and chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CCL). We demonstrated that Treg cells preferentially accumulate in lesions from ACL patients during the early phase of infection (lesion duration of less than 1 month). In addition, levels of Foxp3 mRNA transcripts were significantly higher in specimens from patients with CCL than in those from patients with ACL, suggesting a critical role of intralesional Treg cells in CCL. Intralesional Treg cells from both ACL and CCL patients were shown to have suppressive functions in vitro, since they inhibited the gamma interferon (IFN-γ) produced by CD4+ CD25− T cells purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the same patient in response to Leishmania guyanensis stimulation. Intralesional 2,3-indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO) mRNA expression was associated with that of Foxp3, suggesting a role for IDO in the suppressive activity of intralesional Treg cells. In addition, a role, albeit minor, of interleukin-10 (IL-10) was also demonstrated, since neutralization of IL-10 produced by intralesional T cells increased IFN-γ production by effector cells in an in vitro suppressive assay. These results confirm the role of intralesional Treg cells in the immunopathogenesis of human Leishmania infection, particularly in CCL patients.
Telepresence systems for Large Interactive Spaces

The need to analyze and manipulate large datasets and perform complex tasks with computers has increased interest in wall-sized displays and virtual reality systems. As such environments become more common, the need to support telepresence across these large interactive spaces becomes critical for remote collaboration. In this workshop paper, we present our past work on remote collaboration, telepresence and large interactive spaces as well as our ongoing projects to support telepresence in such spaces for face-to-face and side-by-side collaboration.
In vivo evaluation of the elastic anisotropy of the human Achilles tendon using shear wave dispersion analysis

Non-invasive evaluation of the Achilles tendon elastic properties may enhance diagnosis of tendon injury and the assessment of recovery treatments. Shear wave elastography has shown to be a powerful tool to estimate tissue mechanical properties. However, its applicability to quantitatively evaluate tendon stiffness is limited by the understanding of the physics on the shear wave propagation in such a complex medium. First, tendon tissue is transverse isotropic. Second, tendons are characterized by a marked stiffness in the 400 to 1300 kPa range (i.e. fast shear waves). Hence, the shear wavelengths are greater than the tendon thickness leading to guided wave propagation. Thus, to better understand shear wave propagation in tendons and consequently to properly estimate its mechanical properties, a dispersion analysis is required. In this study, shear wave velocity dispersion was measured in vivo in ten Achilles tendons parallel and perpendicular to the tendon fibre orientation. By modelling the tendon as a transverse isotropic viscoelastic plate immersed in fluid it was possible to fully describe the experimental data (deviation<1.4%). We show that parallel to fibres the shear wave velocity dispersion is not influenced by viscosity, while it is perpendicularly to fibres. Elasticity (found to be in the range from 473 to 1537 kPa) and viscosity (found to be in the range from 1.7 to 4 Pa.s) values were retrieved from the model in good agreement with reported results.
An optimal algorithm for floorplan area optimization

An optimal algorithm for the VLSI floorplan area optimization problem is presented. The algorithm is an extension of the technique described by L. Stockmeyer (Information and Control, vol.59, p.91-101, 1983). Experimental results indicate that this algorithm pruned a very large number of redundant implementations. In addition, since the algorithm basically exploits the geometric property of the topology of the given floorplan it does not need to depend on the polar dual graphs to calculate the longest paths. Consequently it is able to run more efficiently than the branch-and-bound algorithm. <<ETX>>
An Integrated Approach to Uncover Driver Genes in Breast Cancer Methylation Genomes

Background Cancer cells typically exhibit large-scale aberrant methylation of gene promoters. Some of the genes with promoter methylation alterations play “driver” roles in tumorigenesis, whereas others are only “passengers”. Results Based on the assumption that promoter methylation alteration of a driver gene may lead to expression alternation of a set of genes associated with cancer pathways, we developed a computational framework for integrating promoter methylation and gene expression data to identify driver methylation aberrations of cancer. Applying this approach to breast cancer data, we identified many novel cancer driver genes and found that some of the identified driver genes were subtype-specific for basal-like, luminal-A and HER2+ subtypes of breast cancer. Conclusion The proposed framework proved effective in identifying cancer driver genes from genome-wide gene methylation and expression data of cancer. These results may provide new molecular targets for potential targeted and selective epigenetic therapy.
Follicle-stimulating hormone increases bone mass in female mice

Elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) activity is proposed to directly cause bone loss independent of estradiol deficiency in aging women. Using transgenic female mice expressing human FSH (TgFSH), we now reveal that TgFSH dose-dependently increased bone mass, markedly elevating tibial and vertebral trabecular bone volume. Furthermore, TgFSH stimulated a striking accrual of bone mass in hypogonadal mice lacking endogenous FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) function, showing that FSH-induced bone mass occurred independently of background LH or estradiol levels. Higher TgFSH levels increased osteoblast surfaces in trabecular bone and stimulated de novo bone formation, filling marrow spaces with woven rather than lamellar bone, reflective of a strong anabolic stimulus. Trabecular bone volume correlated positively with ovarian-derived serum inhibin A or testosterone levels in TgFSH mice, and ovariectomy abolished TgFSH-induced bone formation, proving that FSH effects on bone require an ovary-dependent pathway. No detectable FSH receptor mRNA in mouse bone or cultured osteoblasts or osteoclasts indicated that FSH did not directly stimulate bone. Therefore, contrary to proposed FSH-induced bone loss, our findings demonstrate that FSH has dose-dependent anabolic effects on bone via an ovary-dependent mechanism, which is independent of LH activity, and does not involve direct FSH actions on bone cells.
A Static Type Inference for Python

Dynamic languages, like Python, are attractive because they guarantee that no correct program is rejected prematurely. However, this comes at a price of losing early error detection, and making both code optimization and certification harder tasks when compared with static typed languages. Having the static certification of Python programs as a goal, we developed a static type inference system for a subset of Python, known as RPython. Some dynamic features are absent from RPython, nevertheless it is powerful enough as a Python dialect and exhibits most of its main features. Our type inference system tackles with almost all language constructions, such as object inheritance and subtyping, polymorphic and recursive functions, exceptions, generators, modules, etc., and is itself written in Python.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE JNK PATHWAY AND APOPTOSIS IN HEART FAILURE.

JNKs belong to mitogen activated protein kinases family and are involved in regulation of various cellular responses including cell survival, cell proliferation and differentiation. They can be activated by several factors such as radiation, stress, growth factors , cytokines and extracellular signals. JNKs activation results in phosphorylation of downstream molecules involve in normal cellular processes. Furthermore the recent have linked JNK signaling with different and hypertrophy. Gq signaling hypertrophic growth of neonatal rat cultured myocytes and is with the over expression of c-jun through Ap-1 and ATF-2 transcripting factor, it can cause decompensatory hypertrophy which can proceed to cardiac failure. This review analyzes our present understanding of the role of JNK in apoptotic signaling in heart failure and some other mechanism which induces apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.
Resolution threshold of beamspace MUSIC for two closely spaced emitters

An analysis of a beamspace version of the MUSIC algorithm applicable to two closely spaced emitters in diverse scenarios is presented. Specifically, the analysis is applicable to uncorrelated far-field emitters of any relative power level, confined to a known plane, and observed by an arbitrary array of omnidirectional sensors. An expression for the threshold array signal-to-noise ratio at which beamspace MUSIC is able to resolve the emitters is obtained. The preprocessor that minimizes the resolution threshold is identified. It is demonstrated that the resolution threshold is proportional to the dimension of the noise subspace; therefore, the threshold can be reduced substantially by utilizing an appropriate beamformer to reduce the dimension of the noise subspace. It is also demonstrated that MUSIC in conjunction with a suitable preprocessor can provide a resolution threshold lower than conventional (sensor-space) MinNorm. >
Theoretical Analysis of the Entrainment–Mixing Process at Cloud Boundaries. Part II: Motion of Cloud Interface

The entrainment–mixing process leads to formation of a cloud–environment interface zone, consisting of the cloud dilution zone, where the liquid water content decreases as the distance from the cloud interior increases, and a humid shell with higher humidity in comparison with the dry environment. The time evolution of the location and width of these zones is analyzed by solving the diffusion–evaporation equation for the open region in the vicinity of the cloud–dry air interface. Upon normalization, the problem is reduced to a one-parametric one, the governing parameter being the potential evaporation parameter R < 0, which is proportional to the ratio of saturation deficit in the dry air to the available liquid water content in the cloud air. It is shown that the widths of the dilution zone and the humid shell increase with time. At R < −1, the interface between the dilution zone and the humid shell (i.e., the cloud edge) moves toward the cloud interior (i.e., the cloud dissipates). If R > −1, the cloud edge moves outward; that is, the mixing leads to an increase in the cloud volume. It is shown that the relative humidity remains high within most of the cloud dilution zone, and the effective radius changes only slightly, especially in growing clouds, where the effective radius changes by less than 10% within more than 80% of the cloud dilution zone. The strong decrease in the LWC is accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the droplet concentration. The study is illustrated by means of two examples of clouds: a small cumulus (Cu) typical of the trade wind zone and a deep convective cloud typical of the monsoon period over India. It is shown that while the small Cu tends to dissipate, the deep convective cloud expands. The characteristic sizes of the dilution zone and the humid shell are several tens of meters for the small Cu and several hundred meters for the deep convective cloud.
Knowledge Management for Cybersecurity in Business Organizations: A Case Study

ABSTRACT Knowledge management (KM) plays important roles in cybersecurity. This study collects five real-life cases of good practices of KM for the domain of cybersecurity in business organizations. Through an iterative process of team-based qualitative data analysis of the five cases, the study develops a model of KM for cybersecurity that conceptualizes three common aspects of KM practices for cybersecurity in business organizations. First, KM for cybersecurity in business organizations has clear specialized organizational structures that involve three inter-organizational tiers across the organization boundaries. Second, the knowledge flows of KM for cybersecurity in business organizations emphasize on explicit, declarative, and specific knowledge. Third, in comparison with KM for other domains, KM for cybersecurity has well-defined objective measures to assess the effectiveness of KM. The domain-specific KM model based on the good practice cases provides a road-map for KM practices in the domain of cybersecurity in business organizations.