Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adhesion/Stiction and Friction Studies of Nano/Micro-Textured Surfaces Produced by Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

This paper reports a new method of nano/micro surfacetexturing and the results of systematic studies of adhesion/stiction and friction properties on the textured surfaces produced by this method. Nano/micro-textured surfaces with various roughnesses were produced by low temperature aluminum-induced crystallization of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited (PECVD) amorphous silicon. Adhesion/stiction experiments on these nano/microtextured and non-textured surfaces were performed using two diamond tips under predefined displacement profiles with different maximum indentation displacements. Friction experiments on the textured and non-textured surfaces were conducted using the same tips under various normal contact forces. The adhesion/stiction forces and coefficients of friction (COF) of the textured surfaces were found to be much smaller than those of non-textured surfaces.
The causes of educational differences in fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa

This study first presents an analytic framework that describes the chain of causation linking fertility to its multiple layers of determinants. Next, this framework is applied to analyse the causes of educational fertility differences in 30 sub-Saharan African countries using data from DHS surveys. The results demonstrate that education levels are positively associated with demand for and use of contraception and negatively associated with fertility and desired family size. In addition, there are differences by level of education in the relationships between indicators. As education rises, fertility is lower at a given level of contraceptive use, contraceptive use is higher at a given level of demand, and demand is higher at a given level of desired family size. The most plausible explanations for these shifting relationships are that better-educated women marry later and less often, use contraception more effectively, have more knowledge about and access to contraception, have greater autonomy in reproductive decision-making, and are more motivated to implement demand because of the higher opportunity costs of unintended childbearing.
G Protein–Coupled Receptor and RhoA-Stimulated Transcriptional Responses: Links to Inflammation, Differentiation, and Cell Proliferation

The low molecular weight G protein RhoA (rat sarcoma virus homolog family member A) serves as a node for transducing signals through G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs). Activation of RhoA occurs through coupling of G proteins, most prominently, G12/13, to Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors. The GPCR ligands that are most efficacious for RhoA activation include thrombin, lysophosphatidic acid, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and thromboxane A2. These ligands also stimulate proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation in a variety of cell and tissues types. The molecular events underlying these responses are the activation of transcription factors, transcriptional coactivators, and downstream gene programs. This review describes the pathways leading from GPCRs and RhoA to the regulation of activator protein-1, NFκB (nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells), myocardin-related transcription factor A, and Yes-associated protein. We also focus on the importance of two prominent downstream transcriptional gene targets, the inflammatory mediator cyclooxygenase 2, and the matricellular protein cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CCN1). Finally, we describe the importance of GPCR-induced activation of these pathways in the pathophysiology of cancer, fibrosis, and cardiovascular disease.
The role of motivation and cultural dialects in the in-group advantage for emotional vocalizations

It is well-established that non-verbal emotional communication via both facial and vocal information is more accurate when expresser and perceiver are from the same cultural group. Two accounts have been put forward to explain this finding: According to the dialect theory, culture-specific learning modulates the largely cross-culturally consistent expressions of emotions. Consequently, within-group signaling benefits from a better match of the “emotion dialect” of the expresser and perceiver. However, it has been proposed that the in-group advantage in emotion recognition could instead arise from motivational differences in the perceiver, with perceivers being more motivated when decoding signals from members of their own group. Two experiments addressed predictions from these accounts. Experiment 1 tested whether perceivers' ability to accurately judge the origin of emotional signals predicts the in-group advantage. For perceived group membership to affect the perceivers' motivation, they must be able to detect whether the signal is coming from an in-group or out-group member. Although an in-group advantage was found for in-group compared to out-group vocalizations, listeners were unable to reliably infer the group membership of the vocalizer. This result indicates that improved recognition of in-group signals can occur also when the perceiver is unable to judge whether signals were produced by in- or out-group members. Experiment 2 examined the effects of expected and actual group membership of signals on emotion recognition by manipulating both orthogonally. The actual origin of the stimulus was found to significantly affect emotion recognition, but the believed origin of the stimulus did not. Together these results support the notion that the in-group advantage is caused by culture-specific modulations of non-verbal expressions of emotions, rather than motivational factors.
Enhanced directional self-assembly based on active recruitment and guidance

We introduce enhanced directional self-assembly (EDSA) - a novel mechanism for morphology growth through the creation of directed connections in a self-assembling multirobot system. In our approach, a robot inviting a physical connection actively recruits the best located neighboring robot and guides the recruit to the location on its chassis where the connection is required. The proposed mechanism relies on local, high-speed communication between connection inviting robots and their recruits. Communication is based on a hybrid technology that combines radio and infrared to provide local relative positioning information when messages are transmitted between adjacent robots. Experiments with real robotic hardware show that EDSA is precise (misalignment of only 1.2° on average), robust (100% success rate for the experiments in this study) and fast (16.1 seconds on average from a distance of 80 cm). We show how the speed and precision of the new approach enable adaptive recruitment and connection in dynamic environments, a high degree of parallelism, and growth of a moving morphology.
Hybrid Scheduling of Dynamic Task Graphs with Selective Duplication for Multiprocessors under Memory and Time Constraints

This paper presents a hybrid scheduling methodology for task graphs to multiprocessor embedded systems. The proposed methodology is designed for task graphs that are dynamic in nature due to the presence of conditional tasks and tasks whose execution times are unpredictable but bounded. We have presented the methodology as a three-phase strategy, in which task nodes are mapped to the processors in the first (static mapping) phase. In the second (selective duplication) phase, some critical nodes are identified and duplicated for possible rescheduling at runtime, depending on the code memory constraints of the processors. The third (online) phase is a runtime scheduling algorithm that performs list scheduling based on the actual dynamics of the schedule up to the current time. We show that this technique provides better schedule length (up to 20 percent) compared to previous techniques, which are predominantly static in nature, with low overhead and a complexity comparable with existing online techniques. The effects of model parameters like the number of processors, memory, and various task graph parameters on performance are investigated in this paper.
Kandungan Nutrisi Lumpur Sawit Hasil Fermentasi dengan Jamur P. chrysosporium

The nutritious content fermentation of palm oil sludge by P. chrysosporium ABSTRACT . This research is aimed at observing the nutritious content of palm oil sludge fermentation by P. chrysosporium. The experimental design used completely randomized design in factorial (3 x 3). The first factor is the inoculum dosage, namely : (D 1 ). 3 %, (D 2 ). 6 % and (D 3 ). 9 % of substrate weight. The second factor is the length of fermentation, namely : (L 1 ). 4 days, (L 2 ). 8 days and (L 3 ). 12 days. Every treatment is repeated for three time. The data found is scrutinized by mode print and it is followed by distance test of multiple Duncan (Steel and Torrie, 1989). The variables observed in research are dry materials, crude fiber, crude protein, cellulose and lignin. The research on the influence of inoculum dosage and the length of fermentation on dry materials content and crude protein shows insignificant interaction (P>0.05). On the other hand, crude fiber, cellulose and lignin show significant interaction (P<0.01). The inoculum dosage of 6 % and the fermentation length of 8 days is the best combination treatment and it can reduce the crude fiber amounting to 40.86 %, an increase of crude protein amounting to 30.75 % and a decrease of cellulose and lignin amounting to 39.78 % and 36.40 % respectively.
Information dissemination in socially aware networks under the linear threshold model

We provide new analytical results concerning the spread of information or influence under the linear threshold social network model introduced by Kempe et al. in [1], in the information dissemination context. The seeder starts by providing the message to a set of initial nodes and is interested in maximizing the number of nodes that will receive the message ultimately. A node's decision to forward the message depends on the set of nodes from which it has received the message. Under the linear threshold model, the decision to forward the information depends on the comparison of the total influence of the nodes from which a node has received the packet with its own threshold of influence. We derive analytical expressions for the expected number of nodes that receive the message ultimately, as a function of the initial set of nodes, for a generic network. We show that the problem can be recast in the framework of Markov chains. We then use the analytical expression to gain insights into information dissemination in some simple network topologies such as the star, ring, mesh and on acyclic graphs. We also derive the optimal initial set in the above networks, and also hint at general heuristics for picking a good initial set.
Diophantine Properties of Measures and Homogeneous Dynamics

This is a survey of the so-called “quantitative nondivergence” approach to metric Diophantine approximation developed approximately 10 years ago in my collaboration with Margulis. The goal of this paper is to place the theory of approximation on manifolds into a broader context of studying Diophantine properties of points generic with respect to certain measures on Rn. The correspondence between multidimensional Diophantine approximation and dynamics of lattices in Euclidean spaces is discussed in an elementary way, and several recent results obtained by means of this correspondence are surveyed.
On the Sources of Euro Area Money Demand Stability.: A Time-Varying Cointegration Analysis

We adopt a time-varying cointegration test to discriminate among different empirical studies claiming to find a stable Euro Area money demand equation. A time invariant relation explaining real balances is rejected by data, even when accounting for housing, financial and labour markets. Conversely, an international portfolio allocation approach provides stabilization. In particular, international financial markets, rather than monetary policy, are the key determinant of the observed diverging path of money growth. In terms of policy, we provide empirical support for a New Two Pillars Strategy aimed to achieve financial stability through money and credit and price stability through interest rates.
From humans to humanoids: The optimal control framework

In the last years of research in cognitive control, neuroscience and humanoid robotics have converged to different frameworks which aim, on one side, at modeling and analyzing human motion, and, on the other side, at enhancing motor abilities of humanoids. In this paper we try to cover the gap between the two areas, giving an overview of the literature in the two fields which concerns the production of movements. First, we survey computational motor control models based on optimality principles; then, we review available implementations and techniques to transfer these principles to humanoid robots, with a focus on the limitations and possible improvements of the current implementations. Moreover, we propose Stochastic Optimal Control as a framework to take into account delays and noise, thus catching the unpredictability aspects typical of both humans and humanoids systems. Optimal Control in general can also easily be integrated with Machine Learning frameworks, thus resulting in a computational implementation of human motor learning. This survey is mainly addressed to roboticists attempting to implement human-inspired controllers on robots, but can also be of interest for researchers in other fields, such as computational motor control.
METRA Project Results : TDD Mode of UTRA *

Employment of multi-element antenna arrays at both transmit and receive sites is capable of enormous theoretical capacity over wireless communication systems. In this paper we present performance results ( applied to the TDD mode of UTRA) for different space-time coding strategies compared to the standardised beamforming. Channel reciprocity can be used in the TDD mode of UTRA to construct a beamvector at the transmit site. This scheme shows the best performance although it is sensitive to channel estimation. Spacetime architectures that do not require channel state information are shown to perform closely to the beamforming.
High-Throughput , Web-Scale Data Stream Clustering

Clustering is an important technique for analysing and interpreting massive quantities of data present on the web. However the sheer volume of data, along with its often dynamic and fast changing nature provide a challenge for traditional clustering approaches. We present a parallel clustering system specifically designed for continuous, real-time clustering of web-scale message data streams. At its core is a parallel clustering algorithm that leverages Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH) to distribute the task across multiple computing nodes using the Storm data stream processing platform. This allows for a high-throughput, scalable solution and an evaluation using Twitter data demonstrates the performance and accuracy capabilities of this approach.
Effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on survival in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis; however, its effect on patient survival is less certain. To study this issue, the survival of patients receiving long-term UDCA treatment was compared with that of a control group, adjusting for their risk scores based on the Mayo model. METHODS One hundred eighty patients were randomized to receive either 13-15 mg.kg-1.day-1 UDCA (n = 89) of placebo (n = 91). After the study closure, the patients originally receiving placebo were switched to active drug, and prospective follow-up was continued for 3 years. Patients were censored at the time of transplantation, voluntary withdrawal, of crossover of the placebo group (efficacy analysis). The survival of the two groups was adjusted for risk scores at the time of entry to the study. A secondary analysis was an intent-to-treat analysis, whereby patients were followed up regardless of their voluntary withdrawal or crossover. RESULTS At the time of analysis, the patients receiving placebo had a significantly increased risk of death and/or requiring transplantation (relative risk, 2.6; P = 0.04) compared with the UDCA-treated patients CONCLUSIONS UDCA should be considered as a safe, effective, and life-extending treatment for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.
Evaluating Inheritance and Coupling Metrics

Software metrics helps in estimating the quality of software. To meet the customer’s demands, there is a competence in the software industries for the best quality product. Some metrics can be applied in the early stages of product development that helps in eliminating the complexity at later stages. This paper helps in predicting software quality with the help of object oriented metrics. Keywords— Software quality, object-oriented metrics, quality attributes, complexity.
Flamel: A High-Level Hardware Compiler

This paper describes the design and implementation of a high-level hardware compiler called Flamel. Ordinary Pascal programs are used to define the behavior required of the hardware. Flamel undertakes to find parallelism in the program, so it can produce a fast-running implementation that meets a user-specified cost bound. A number of program transformations create sections of code with more parallel computations than the original program has. A novel feature of Flamel is a method for organizing the search for the transformations that best satisfy the goal. Another new algorithm is one for "expression height reduction": rewriting an ensemble of expressions using algebraic properties in order to compute the expressions faster. An implementation of Flamel has been completed. The output is a description of a datapath and a controller, and at a sufficient level of detail so that good area and execution time figures can be estimated. On a series of tests, Flamel produces implementations of programs that would run 22 to 200 times faster than an MC68000 running the same programs, if the clock cycles were the same. The tests also show that a wide range of time-area tradeoffs are produced by varying the area constraint.
Theme Creation for Digital Collections

A neutral-reverse shift control actuator is provided in a countershaft transmission. The actuator is operatively connected through a resilient detent mechanism to a forward shift control mechanism. During a neutral-reverse shift maneuver, the drive connection partially manipulates the forward synchronizer, such that synchronization between the input and output shaft is achieved during a reverse shift maneuver.
The Influence of Y2O3 Calcined Temperature on the Performance of ZrO2

Semiconductor gas sensors utilize porous polycrystalline resistors made of semiconducting oxides.The working principle involves the receptor function played by the surface of each oxide grain and the transducer function played by each grain boundary. In addition, the utility factor of the sensing body also takes part in determining the gas response. Therefore, the concepts of sensor design are determined by considering each of these three key factors.ZrO2 is one of the most commonly used sensitive material, The performances of the different components Y2O3-ZrO2 are studied in this paper.The performances of YSZ Prepared with different Y2O3 powder(untreated and 1300°C preburned) and the Mechanism are explored in this paper.
Draft Genome Sequence of Sporosarcina globispora W 25T (DSM 4), a Psychrophilic Bacterium Isolated from Soil and River Water

ABSTRACT Sporosarcina globispora W 25T (DSM 4) is a Gram-positive, round-spore-forming, and psychrophilic bacterium. Here, we report the 5.66-Mb genome sequence of S. globispora W 25T, which will accelerate the application of this psychrophile and provide useful information for genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.
Body Adiposity in Later Life and the Incidence of Dementia: The Health in Men Study

Objective To determine if adiposity in later life increases dementia hazard. Methods Cohort study of 12,047 men aged 65–84 years living in Perth, Australia. Adiposity exposures were baseline body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). We used the Western Australian Data Linkage System (WADLS) to establish the presence of new cases of dementia between 1996 and 2009 according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Crude and adjusted hazard ratio (HR, 95% confidence interval, 95%CI) of dementia for each adiposity marker was calculated using Cox regression models. Other measured factors included age, marital status, education, alcohol use, smoking, diet, physical activity, and prevalent hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular disease. Results Compared with men with BMI<25, participants with BMI between 25–30 had lower adjusted HR of dementia (HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70–0.95). The HR of dementia for men with BMI≥30 was comparable to men with BMI<25 (HR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.67–1.01). Waist circumference showed no obvious association with dementia hazard. Men with WHR≥0.9 had lower adjusted HR of dementia than men with WHR <0.9 (HR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.69–0.98). We found a “J” shape association between measures of obesity and the hazard of dementia, with the nadir of risk being in the overweight range of BMI and about 1 for WHR. Conclusions Higher adiposity is not associated with incident dementia in this Australian cohort of older men. Overweight men and those with WHR≥0.9 have lower hazard of dementia than men with normal weight and with WHR<0.9.
Primary user activity prediction based joint topology control and stable routing in mobile cognitive networks

The stability of links in mobile cognitive networks (MCNets) is significantly affected by primary user activities and node mobility, which makes topology control and stable routing more challenging than that in traditional wireless networks. In multi-channel multi-hop MCNets, it will become worse. In this paper, we propose a primary user activity prediction model to reveal channel utilization patterns of primary users. Next, we put forward a novel routing metric Primary user activity Prediction based Stability Metric (PPSM) to quantitatively capture the affect of primary user activities and node mobility. Finally, we propose and implement a Primary user activity Prediction based Joint Topology Control and Stable Routing (PP-JTCSR) protocol for maximizing network throughput based on our primary user activity prediction model, which can find out the most stable and the shortest path between a source and a destination. NS2-based simulation results demonstrate that our PP-JTCSR protocol can generate stable topology through predicting link and path duration quantitatively, and outperforms related proposals in terms of path stability and average throughput.