Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The health benefits and constraints of exercise therapy for wheelchair users: A clinical commentary

Background There are approximately 1 billion people living with chronic lower limb disability, many of whom are wheelchair users. Objectives Review cardiometabolic and neuromuscular risk profiles of wheelchair users, benefits of regular exercise and the causes of neuromuscular upper limb and hip injuries that hinder regular adherence. Method Literature published between 2013 and 2017 was adopted according to the standard practices for systematic reviews (PRISMA) through Crossref Metadata and Google Scholar searches. Individual paper quality was evaluated using a modified Downs and Black Appraisal Scale. Results The literature search identified 16 600 papers which were excluded if they were non-English, non-peer-reviewed or published before 2013. Finally, 25 papers were accepted, indicating that sedentary wheelchair users have poor cardiometabolic risk profiles (PCMRP) because of a lack of physical activity, limiting their quality of life, characterised by low self-esteem, social isolation and depression. Their predominant mode of physical activity is through upper limb exercises, which not only improves their cardiometabolic risk profiles but also precipitates neuromuscular upper limb overuse injuries. The primary cause of upper limb injuries was attributed to poor wheelchair propulsion related to incorrect chair setup and poor cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusion Wheelchair users have a high body mass index, body fat percentage and serum lipid, cholesterol and blood glucose concentrations. Empirical investigations illustrate exercise improves their PCMRP and cardiorespiratory fitness levels. Although literature encourages regular exercise, none discusses the need to individualise chair setup in order to eliminate wheelchair pathomechanics and upper limb neuromuscular injuries. Wheelchair users must be encouraged to consult a biokineticist or physiotherapist to review their wheelchair setup so as to eliminate possible incorrect manual wheelchair propulsion biomechanics and consequent overuse injuries.
Genetic and ranking-based selection of components for multilabel classifier ensembles

This paper deals with the problem of selecting (aka pruning) components for multilabel classifier ensembles. Three methods, one based on a genetic algorithm (GA) and the others based on ranking, are applied for this purpose. In particular, we investigate the adoption of different multilabel classification measures to play the role of the objective function of these methods, paying special attention to how the choice of one measure affects the accuracy of the pruned ensembles as gauged by other measures. A preliminary empirical analysis is conducted on five problems and the results achieved indicate that the classification performance of pruned ensembles as estimated by a given multilabel measure may significantly vary according to the measure adopted for selecting the components. Moreover, although the pruning methods used can yield significant gains in terms of ensemble size reduction, the ensemble models they generate usually lag behind when contrasted to those equipped with the whole sets of components.
Electroluminescence and degradation in PE caused by electron impact

Degradation and electroluminescence is observed in the initiation stage of electrical tree before partial discharge starts. Two mechanisms had been proposed for these phenomena; one is electron impact model; electron injected from electrode are accelerated in micro void and/or polymer free volume and causes bond scission and excitation of chromophores (light emitting center). The other model is recombination between electron and hole emits light, and uv component of light degrade polymer. We examined effect of gas or liquid in polymer free volume/micro void on EL and degradation, and found that contents of free volume/micro void have a large effect on both. The results show both of EL and degradation is caused by electron impact.
A Market-Clearing Role for Inefficiency on a Limit Order Book

Using a stochastic sequential game in ergodic equilibrium, this paper models limit order book trading dynamics. It deduces investor surplus and some agents' strategies from depth's stationarity, while bypassing altogether agents' intricate forecasting problems. Market inefficiency adjusts to induce equal supply and demand for liquidity over time. Consequently, at a given bid-ask spread surplus per investor is invariant to faster, more regular or more sophisticated trading, or modified queuing rules: apparent improvements are offset as inefficiency adjusts back to market-clearing levels. Moreover, investor surplus decreases with the spread. In the model, price discreteness fixes the spread at the tick size. Narrowing the tick is beneficial, but may be resisted by sell-side traders.
Generic membrane-spanning features endow IRE1α with responsiveness to membrane aberrancy

Previous studies indicated that IRE1α responds to membrane aberrancy via its transmembrane domain (TMD); however, little is known about the TMD features involved. Use of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing shows that generic membrane-spanning features of the TMD are sufficient for IRE1α’s responsiveness to membrane aberrancy.
Evaluation of HD-sEMG Probability Density Function deformations in ramp exercise

The aim of the present study is to propose a subject-specific screening approach of High Density surface EMG (HD-sEMG) Probability Density Function (PDF) shape evolution in experimental conditions following a ramp exercise from 0% to 50% of the Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) during 25 seconds of isometric contractions of the Biceps Brachii from six healthy subjects. This method uses High Order Statistics (HOS), namely the kurtosis and the skewness for PDF shape screening examined on selectively positioned Laplacian sEMG channels obtained on an 8×8 HD-sEMG grid. For each subject, the position of the Laplacian channels was chosen based on the level of muscle activation obtained from the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) matrix computed for the 64 sEMG signals of the grid in order to obtain independent Laplacian configurations localized in areas with high SNRs indicating high muscle activation. Afterwards, we used the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to obtain the principal trend of the kurtosis and the skewness computed from the selected Laplacian signals according to force level variation. The obtained results show a globally common increasing HOS trend according to force increase from 0% to 50% MVC for all the subjects regardless of the anatomical, instrumental and physiological variability that usually strongly influences these trends.
Use of forehead bio-signals for controlling an Intelligent Wheelchair

This paper presents a novel method to classify human facial movement based on multi-channel forehead bio-signals. Five face movements form three face regions: forehead, eye and jaw are selected and classified in back propagation artificial neural networks (BPANN) by using a combination of transient and steady features from EMG and EOG waveforms. The identified face movements are subsequently employed to generate five control commands for controlling a simulated Intelligent Wheelchair. A human-machine interface (HMI) is designed to map movement patterns into corresponding control commands via a logic control table. The simulation result shows the feasibility and performance of the proposed system, which can be extended into real-world applications as a control interface for disabled and elderly users.
A New Genetic Encoding for Edge Point Stereo Matching

: - Stereo vision is a well-known technique for obtaining depth information from two or more video images of a scene. The heavily investigated problem in this approach is how to find the corresponding features extracted from the stereo images. In this paper, we present a genetic scheme to the stereo correspondence problem where a new solution encoding is proposed. The problem is formulated in terms of finding pairs of true matches that satisfy local constraints and global ones. Local constraints are used to encode only compatible matches, whereas global constraints are used to define the fitness function such that best correspondences correspond to its minima. To demonstrate its effectiveness, the proposed genetic stereo matching is applied for extracting depth information of a scene seen by a linear stereoscopic sensor.
Experimental Characterization of Diversity Navigation

Wireless networks with navigation capability enable mobile devices to both communicate and determine their positions. Diversity navigation employing multiple sensing technologies can overcome the limitation of individual technologies, especially when operating in harsh environments such as indoors. To characterize the diversity of navigation systems in real environments, we performed an extensive measurement campaign, where data from heterogenous sensors were collected simultaneously. The performance of Bayesian navigation algorithms, relying on the particle filter implementation, is evaluated based on measured data from ultrawideband, ZigBee, and inertial sensors. This enables us to quantify the benefits of data fusion as well as the effect of statistical mobility models for real-time diversity navigation.
THE EFFECT OF SOME MEAT PROTEINS ON THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PECTATE AND ALGINATE GELS

The viscosity of 1% sodium alginate and 1% sodium pectate solutions containing low levels of calcium chloride were investigated using cone and plate viscometers. The level of calcium required to initiate partial gelation was significantly lower for pectate compared with alginate. With increasing calcium chloride concentration the solutions became more pseudoplastic and eventually showed thixotropy. One percent bovine serum albumin or 1% myoglobin was incorporated into the polysaccharide solutions together with sufficient calcium to cause incipient gelation in the absence of the protein. Myoglobin inhibited the formation of an alginate gel, the effect being greatest at a pH of about 6.3. Bovine serum albumin also inhibited alginate formation, the effect increasing with increasing pH. In contrast the addition of both myoglobin and bovine serum albumin caused gel formation in the presence of pectate below pH 6.0. The results are discussed in terms of the protein/polysaccharide interactions and the polymer/ion interactions that can take place in these systems. The relevance of this work to the use of these polysaccharides as thickeners and gelling agents in canned meat products is considered.
Variable length stochastic gradient algorithm

The transversal variable-length stochastic gradient algorithm is described. It is a modification of the stochastic gradient algorithm that allows dynamic allocation of coefficients of an adaptive filter. The order of the filter and the adaptation step size are changed automatically when an appropriate level of performance is reached during the course of the adaptation process. In this way, the algorithm results in fast convergence, typical of low-order filters, and good steady-state performance, typical of high-order filters. >
Multi-Agent Coalition Formation for Course Selection Strategies in E-Learning System

Multi Agent Systems are being used in a wide variety of applications, ranging from comparatively small systems for personal assistance, to open, complex, systems for industrial applications. In e-learning, Multi Agent Systems appear to be a promising approach to deal with the challenges in educational environments. They can provide new patterns of learning and applications, such as personal assistants, user guides and alternative help systems, which are helpful for both students and teachers. In this work, we presented a multi- agent system based for this e-learning scenario based on course selection theory. We have described here coalition formation among the student agents who are going to select the courses which will be running in the university. We first introduced a novel voting procedure where agents make coalition among them & allocate points to different courses and voting occurs for subject/course in several rounds. This way the agents are able to freely express their preferences and at the same time use the information provided from previous rounds to vote intelligently and strategically. We then introduced different voting strategies for subject/course selection in the university by coalition, and evaluated their performance in a range of scenarios. The results show that even a simple voting strategy provides outcomes which are close to optimal. Furthermore, our intelligent strategy was unable to exploit other, more native voters.
Performance analysis of soft frequency reuse schemes for a multi-cell LTE-advanced system with carrier aggregation

Carrier aggregation is one of the promising features that expands the bandwidth of the Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) system through aggregating multiple carriers to support high data rate up to 1 Gbit/s. When considering a multi-cell scenario, an appropriate resource allocation method that takes the inter-cell interference into account should be used. We investigate different soft frequency reuse (SFR) schemes and address an important issue which is how they should be applied in the presence of multiple carriers. Particularly, we propose two novel methods for performing the resource partitioning process: Local partitioning (LP) that divides each carrier individually between cell-center and cell-edge users, and Global partitioning (GP) in which dividing is at the level of the aggregate bandwidth. Simulation results demonstrate that the LP method performs better when most of users are LTE-A-capable terminals, whereas if the majority is for the legacy LTE Release 8 terminals then the GP method is advantageous. Furthermore, we show that using the transportation problem based resource allocation is a simple and yet flexible method that can be tuned to match the investigated SFR schemes and the proposed LP and GP resource partitioning methods.
A High Resolution Interface for Kelvin Impedance Sensing

Impedance sensing, together with impedance spectroscopy is a powerful tool detecting charge and mass transfer phenomena at complex interfaces between materials. It is widely used in electrochemical interfaces characterization and biosensing techniques. Recently, it has been proposed as a reliable readout technique to probe biomolecular interactions on modified electrodes in enzyme biosensors, DNA biosensors and immunosensors. Unfortunately, the requirements of impedance characterization accuracy, precision and dynamic range demanded by some specific application is usually accomplished by using cumbersome laboratory instrumentation. In this paper we present a fully integrated standalone, high precision, low power, 4-core impedance sensing interface to be implemented in the fast-growing application field of the ubiquitous sensing. The interface is based on a fully digital approach based on a ΔΣ demodulation that is able to achieve 15 bit of resolution, 150 ppm of temperature accuracy and dynamic ranges varying from 86 dB to 95 dB according to the impedance configuration. The 4-core chip has been implemented in 0.35 μm CMOS technology and occupies an area of 9 mm 2.
The Effect Of Cation Vacancy On The Properties Of CsSnI3 Perovskite Based On The First Principle

We used the CASTEP program to build seven configurations of cubic CsSnI3 with cation vacancy at the A or B sites. The physical properties including geometric structure, electronic structure, states density and optical absorption properties has been calculated successfully by the generalized gradient approximation. The band structures show the Cs1-xSnI3 perovskites with self-doped at the A sites when x=0.00, 0.125, 0.50 have conductor performance, but the configuration with x=0.037 has the semiconductor performance, and all the CsSn1-yI3 perovskites with vacancy at the B sites when x=0.00, 0.037, 0.125, 0.50 have the semiconductor performance, too. Introduction The investigations of organo-metal perovskites [1] owing to their applications were widely concerned, such as perovskite solar cell photoelectric conversion field, topological insulator potential material, superconductors. The structure can be expressed as ABI3, A=monovalent cation, B=diavalent cation.CsSnI3 as a light absorber was extensively studied with rich optical properties [2-5]. Scaife et al. studied the structure of CsSnI3 perovskite material [6]. Hayatulla et al. studied the structural, electronic and optical properties of cubic perovskites CsSnI3 by the first principle calculations. It can be used in optical and optoelectronic devices in the spectrum range [7]. By local density approximation (LDA), Amreen Bano [8] et al. reported the dielectric and optical properties of the CsSnI3. There are three structures for the CsSnI3, α, β, and γ phases. Chonglong Yu et al.[9] reported the role of Cs atoms, and show that α structure is instable, and the β, and γ phases are stable ones, and they can be transformed reversibly. Christopher E. Patrick et al. used the standard harmonic theory of photons to demonstrate the critical role played by an harmonicity [10]. It has been found that SnI6 octahedra are stabilized against tilts and rotations by interacting with the re-normalized vibrations of the Cs ions. However, there must be defect in the material because the temperature is not 0K, so the investigation of the point defect is important. Zewen Xiao et al. Calculated for Cs2SnI6 with the vacancy at the B sites by the projector-augmented wave (PAW) method [11]. The results indicate that the formation of the deep defects can be obtained by employing an I-rich synthesis condition, and the Cs2SnI6 perovskite can be as the photovoltaic and other semiconductor applications. The relationships between structure and property of ordered double perovskites Cs2SnI6 and Cs2TeI6 with vacancy at the B sites was given by Annalise E. Maughan et al.[12]. I-I contact distances decrease in carrier concentration and International Conference on Manufacturing Engineering and Intelligent Materials (ICMEIM 2017) Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Engineering, volume 100
Mouse Models of Down Syndrome as a Tool to Unravel the Causes of Mental Disabilities

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of mental disability. Based on the homology of Hsa21 and the murine chromosomes Mmu16, Mmu17 and Mmu10, several mouse models of DS have been developed. The most commonly used model, the Ts65Dn mouse, has been widely used to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the mental disabilities seen in DS individuals. A wide array of neuromorphological alterations appears to compromise cognitive performance in trisomic mice. Enhanced inhibition due to alterations in GABAA-mediated transmission and disturbances in the glutamatergic, noradrenergic and cholinergic systems, among others, has also been demonstrated. DS cognitive dysfunction caused by neurodevelopmental alterations is worsened in later life stages by neurodegenerative processes. A number of pharmacological therapies have been shown to partially restore morphological anomalies concomitantly with cognition in these mice. In conclusion, the use of mouse models is enormously effective in the study of the neurobiological substrates of mental disabilities in DS and in the testing of therapies that rescue these alterations. These studies provide the basis for developing clinical trials in DS individuals and sustain the hope that some of these drugs will be useful in rescuing mental disabilities in DS individuals.
A power control game based on outage probabilities for multicell wireless data networks

We present a game-theoretic treatment of distributed power control in CDMA wireless systems using outage probabilities. We prove that the noncooperative power control game considered admits a unique Nash equilibrium (NE) for uniformly strictly convex pricing functions and under some technical assumptions on the SIR threshold levels. We analyze global convergence of continuous-time as well as discrete-time synchronous and asynchronous iterative power update algorithms to the unique NE of the game. Furthermore, a stochastic version of the discrete-time update scheme, which models the uncertainty due to quantization and estimation errors, is shown to converge almost surely to the unique NE point. We further investigate and demonstrate the convergence and robustness properties of these update schemes through simulation studies.
Localization of Phosphorylated cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein in Immature Neurons of Adult Hippocampus

Neurogenesis continues to occur in the adult hippocampus, although many of the newborn cells degenerate 1–2 weeks after birth. The number and survival of newborn cells are regulated by a variety of environmental stimuli, but very little is known about the intracellular signal transduction pathways that control adult neurogenesis. In the present study, we examine the expression of the phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) in immature neurons in adult hippocampus and the role of the cAMP cascade in the survival of new neurons. The results demonstrate that virtually all immature neurons, identified by triple immunohistochemistry for bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM), are also positive for pCREB. In addition, upregulation of cAMP (via pharmacological inhibition of cAMP breakdown or by antidepressant treatment) increases the survival of BrdU-positive cells. A possible role for pCREB in the regulation of PSA-NCAM, a marker of immature neurons involved in neuronal remodeling and neurite outgrowth, is supported by cell culture studies demonstrating that the cAMP–CREB pathway regulates the expression of a rate-limiting enzyme responsible for the synthesis of PSA-NCAM. These findings indicate that the cAMP–CREB pathway regulates the survival, and possibly the differentiation and function, of newborn neurons.
Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) in acromegaly.

Hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) is the principal feature of acromegaly and is accompanied by an excess of IGF-I production which mediates some of the actions of GH. The activity of IGF-I is modulated by a number of specific binding proteins (IGFBPs) which form complexes with IGF-I in the circulation. In this study, the technique of Western Ligand Blotting followed by 2-dimensional radioactive scanning was employed to investigate the correlations between relative levels of the IGFBPs and the main factors implicated in their regulation: IGF-I, GH and insulin, in a group of acromegalics with varying disease activity. The two glycosylated forms of IGFBP-3 correlated with increased levels of IGF-I (40.5 kD, r = 0.468, p < or = 0.01 and 36.5 kD, r = 0.809, p < or = 0.001), but did not relate to mean GH levels. Quantification of IGFBP-2 on the ligand blot showed an association with RIA levels of IGFBP-1 (r = 0.35, p < or = 0.05). IGFBP-1 RIA levels did not relate to the radioactivity in the assumed IGFBP-1 region of the ligand blot. This may be explained by fragments of IGFBP-3 running in this region and could account for the correlation seen between radioactivity in the 29 kD band with both forms of IGFBP-3 as well as with IGFBP-4. IGFBP-3 levels were normal in biochemically cured acromegalics with normal GH levels, although fasting insulin levels remained higher than normal (mean 16 +/- 4 vs normal 7.4 +/- 0.4 mU/L). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)