Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Star formation and metallicity gradients in semi-analytic models of disc galaxy formation

We have updated our radially resolved semi-analytic models (SAMs) of galaxy formation, which track both the atomic and molecular gas phases of the interstellar medium. The models are adapted from those of Guo et al. using similar methodology as by Fu et al. and are run on halo merger trees from the Millennium and Millennium-II simulations with the following main changes. (1) We adopt a simple star formation law Sigma(SFR) Sigma(H2). (2) We inject the heavy elements produced by supernovae directly into the halo hot gas, instead of first mixing them with the cold gas in the disc. (3) We include radial gas inflows in discs using a model of the form v(inflow) = alpha r. The models are used to study the radial profiles of star formation rate and gas-phase metallicity in present-day galaxies. The surface density profiles of molecular gas in L-* galaxies place strong constraints on inflow velocities, favouring models where v(inflow) similar to 7 km s(-1) at a galactocentric radius of 10 kpc. Radial gas inflow has little influence on gas-phase and stellar metallicity gradients, which are affected much more strongly by the fraction of metals that are directly injected into the halo gas, rather than mixed with the cold gas. Metals ejected out of the galaxy in early epochs result in late infall of pre-enriched gas and flatter present-day gas-phase metallicity gradients. A prescription in which 80 per cent of the metals are injected into the halo gas results in good fits to the flat observed metallicity gradients in galaxies with stellar masses greater than 10(10) M-circle dot, as well as the relations between gas-phase metallicity and specific star formation rate in the outer parts of galactic discs. We examine the correlation between the gas-phase metallicity gradient and global galaxy properties, finding that it is most strongly correlated with the bulge-to-total ratio of the galaxy. This is because gas is consumed when the bulge forms during galaxy mergers, and the gas-phase metallicity gradient is then set by newly accreted gas.
Biomarkers as Predictors of Recurrence following Curative Resection for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Review

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is the fourth most common cancer causing death in the United States. Early tumor recurrence is an important contributor to the dismal prognosis. The availability of an accurate prognostic biomarker for predicting disease recurrence following curative resection will be beneficial for patient care. Most of the currently studied biomarkers remain in the investigational phase, with CA 19-9 being the only biomarker currently approved by the FDA. Herein, we review the utility of CA 19-9 and other investigational cellular, gene, and molecular tumor markers for predicting PDA recurrence following curative surgical resection.
Characterizing Spam Traffic and Spammers

There is a tremendous increase in spam traffic these days. Spam messages muddle up users inbox, consume network resources, and build up DDoS attacks, spread worms and viruses. Our goal is to present a definite figure about the characteristics of spam and spammers. Since spammers change their mode of operation to counter anti spam technology, continues evaluation of the characteristics of spam and spammers technology has become mandatory. These evaluations help us to enhance the existing technology to combat spam effectively. We collected 400 thousand spam mails from a spam trap set up in a corporate mail server for a period of 14 months form January 2006 to February 2007. Spammers use common techniques to spam end users regardless of corporate server and public mail server. So we believe that our spam collection is a sample of world wide spam traffic. Studying the characteristics of this sample helps us to better understand the features of spam and spammers technology. We believe that this analysis could be useful to develop more efficient anti spam techniques.
The measurement of extroversion: A comparison of the Eysenck Personality Inventory and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire

The authors of the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) have claimed that the extraversion scales contained in the two tests are equivalent. Although scores on the two scales are moderately highly correlated, supplementary analyses suggest that they differ in at least one important respect. While the EPI scale measures extraversion as a reasonable mix of impulsivity and sociability, the EPQ's scale is almost purely a measure of sociability. Recent experimental evidence demonstrates that impulsivity is responsible for several findings previously attributed to extraversion. This evidence raises serious doubt about the usefulness of the EPQ extraversion scale in experimental research on extraversion.
Promoter Analysis of the Mouse Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1c Gene*

Recent data suggest that sterol regulatory-binding protein (SREBP)-1c plays a key role in the transcriptional regulation of different lipogenic genes mediating lipid synthesis as a key regulator of fuel metabolism. SREBP-1c regulates its downstream genes by changing its own mRNA level, which led us to sequence and analyze the promoter region of the mouse SREBP-1c gene. A cluster of putative binding sites of several transcription factors composed of an NF-Y site, an E-box, a sterol-regulatory element 3, and an Sp1 site were located at −90 base pairs of the SREBP-1c promoter. Luciferase reporter gene assays indicated that this SRE complex is essential to the basal promoter activity and confers responsiveness to activation by nuclear SREBPs. Deletion and mutation analyses suggest that the NF-Y site and SRE3 in the SRE complex are responsible for SREBP activation, although the other sites were also involved in the basal activity. Gel mobility shift assays demonstrate that SREBP-1 binds to the SRE3. Taken together, these findings implicate a positive loop production of SREBP-1c through the SRE complex, possibly leading to the overshoot in induction of SREBP-1c and its downstream genes seen in the livers of refed mice. Furthermore, reporter assays using larger upstream fragments indicated another region that was inducible by addition of sterols. The presence of the SRE complex and a sterol-inducible region in the same promoter suggests a novel regulatory link between cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis.
The Influence of a Simulated ‘Pep Talk’ on Athlete Inspiration, Situational Motivation, and Emotion

Coaches routinely use pep talks to inspire and motivate athletes, but the efficacy of this strategy has not been empirically examined. Conceptually based on Thrash and Elliot's [3, 4] inspiration research this study explored the impact of a simulated pep talk on inspiration, inspiration to perform, situational autonomous motivation, and emotion. Collegiate football players (n = 151) were randomly assigned to a treatment (n = 74, viewed a movie clip of coach giving an inspirational speech) or control (n = 77, viewed a movie clip of a coach giving game instructions) group and completed assessments pre and post treatment. A one-way ANOVA revealed an overall significant group effect for the change scores, [F(6,134) = 6.53, p < . 001]. The experimental group was more inspired by the movie clip [F(1, 139) = 29.06, p < . 001], more inspired to perform [F(1, 139) = 24.10, p = . 000], and indicated greater emotional dominance [F(1,139) = 7.19, p = 008] than the control group. Motivation, pleasure, and arousal were not influenced by the movie clip.
Modeling Agents with a Theory of Mind

Training systems with intelligent virtual agents provide an effective means to train people for complex, dynamic tasks like crisis management or firefighting. Virtual agents provide more adequate behavior and explanations if they not only take their own goals and beliefs into account, but also the assumed knowledge and intentions of other players in the scenario. This paper describes a study to how agents can be equipped with a theory of mind, i.e. the capability to ascribe mental concepts to others. Based on existing theory of mind theories, a theory-theory (TT) and a simulation-theory (ST) approach for modeling agents with a theory of mind models are proposed. Both approaches have been implemented in a case study, and results show that the ST approach is preferred over the TT approach.
Functional and Structural Details about the Fabella: What the Important Stabilizer Looks Like in the Central European Population

The posterolateral corner of the knee accommodating the fabella complex is of importance in orthopaedic surgery. Unfortunately, there is a lack of data in literature for clinical routine. Therefore, we investigated the fabella's characteristics, biomechanical nature, and present histologic details. Of special interest were the fabella's occurrence and position, calcium concentration as long-term load intake indicator, and the histology. Within our analysis, fabellae were found in 30.0% of all datasets, located on the upper part of the posterolateral femoral condyle. The region of fabella contact on this condyle showed a significantly lower calcium concentration than its surroundings. Histologically, the fabella showed no articular cartilage but a clearly distinguishable fabellofibular ligament that consisted of two bundles: one, as already described in literature inserted at the fibular tip, and another part newly described on the top of the lateral meniscus. In its role of stabilizing the soft tissue structures of the posterolateral knee, the fabella seems to serve as suspension for the ligaments evolving from its base. Even though a joint formation of any kind is unlikely, the presence of a fabella needs to be kept in mind during knee examination and any surgical procedures.
A novel approach for multi-object tracking using evidential representation for objects

Despite many proposed solutions, multi-object tracking remains a challenging problem in complex situations involving partial occlusions and non-uniform and abrupt illumination changes. Considering modular systems, the tracking performance strongly depends on the consistency of the different blocks relatively to error features. In this work, using the Belief Function framework, we take into account the reliability and the imprecision of the object detection and location to characterize objects and to derive a reliable descriptor. Since this latter is then estimated only on safe object subparts, even in case of crosses between objects, we use a distance between descriptor robust to partial occlusion, namely the recently proposed Bin-Ratio-Distance. Results obtained on various actual sequences underline the interest of the proposed algorithm by outperforming the tested alternative approaches.
What’s happening in general practice – a contrasting view

Abstract A contrasting view to that taken by Kevin White (2001) in his paper ‘What’s happening in general practice: capitalist monopolisation and state administrative control: a profession bailing out? ’ is provided. This alternate view argues that there may be limited change in some of the key elements of general practice and that the information explosion may provide new leverage for general practice. It suggests that corporations providing management or administrative services in general practice may continue to be part of the landscape, rather than the landscape. The paper suggests in conclusion that consumers may need to be more aware of the role of government in constraining their health care choices than of corporations in the general practice field.
Puya: a method of attracting attention to relevant physical findings

Puya is a method that compares the physical exam in an electronic clinical note with a set of stereotypical physical exam sentences that have been previously classified as "normal". The note is then displayed in a web browser with normal findings clearly delineated. The list of stereotypical sentences comes from a set of physical findings found within extensive electronic medical record. This list is then screened to select only those that represent "normal" findings, a process that yields 96% total agreement among 4 clinicians surveyed. This final list of stereotypical "normal" sentences accounts for 64% of the clinical narrative text. Sentences in the clinical note that do not match sentences in the "normal" list are assumed to be "abnormal". Puya screened 98 clinical notes consisting of 610 individual sentences. Puya achieved a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 63%, a positive predictive value of 44% and a negative predictive value of 100%. This leads to an application that reduces informational noise.
Analysis of noise in in-home channels for narrowband power line communications

NarrowBand PLC (NB-PLC) are presently considered as an attractive communication system in the so called advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). Noise characterization is then very useful to determine the actual potential of NB-PLC for communication services towards the so called home prosumer in the frequency range 10–500kHz. In this paper we will present a comprehensive comparison and analysis of noise injected by many in-home devices in the whole NB frequency range. A not so common characteristic of the paper is the comparison among data collected in different countries, i.e. China and Italy.
The biopolitics of global health: Life and death in neoliberal time

The opening years of the 21st century have witnessed the rise of ‘global health’ as the preferred label for attempts to govern the health of the global population. In this article, I locate the epistemological origins of global health in the introduction of the Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) metric in the World Bank’s Investing in Health report. I argue that the DALY metric accomplishes an economization of life by disaggregating lifetimes into component units of time and reassembling life as a revenue stream to be maximized through practices of self-investment in one’s own health – configured here as human capital. Life is reimagined as time and the individual as a neoliberal homo oeconomicus: as an entrepreneur of the self. I argue that the DALY metric is best conceived as a biopolitical technology of power that underpins the contemporary neoliberal global health regime.
EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF ASSOCIATION RULE MININGALGORITHMS

Association rule mining is one of the most popular data mining methods. However, mining association rules often results in a very large number of found rules, leaving the analyst with the task to go through all the rules and discover interesting ones. In this paper, we present the performance comparison of Apriori and FP-growth algorithms. The performance is analyzed based on the execution time for different number of instances and confidence in Super market data set. These algorithms are presented together with some experimental data. Our performance study shows that the FP-growth method is efficient and scalable and is about an order of magnitude faster than the Apriori algorithm
A comparative study of two UWB pulse design methods for narrowband interference mitigation

Ultra Wideband (UWB) radios will unavoidably cause severe interference from the existing narrowband systems nearby. Therefore pulses are applied by forming notches at some frequencies as a way to suppress its interference. This paper present and compare two UWB pulses based on Chebyshev function approximation by using the Parks-McClellan (PM) algorithm and Prolate Spherical Wave Functions (PSWF) function by using Eigenvalue Decomposition (EVD) algorithm. The generated UWB pulses not only meet the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), but also mitigate single and multiple narrow-band interference (NBI).
Landmark-based reconstruction of 3D smooth structures from serial histological sections

Given microscope images, one can observe 2D cross-sections of 3D micro anatomical structures with high spatial resolutions. Each of the 2D microscope images alone is, though, not suitable for studying the 3D anatomical structures and hence many works have been done on a 3D image reconstruction from a given series of microscope images of histological sections obtained from a single target tissue. For the 3D image reconstruction, an image registration technique is necessary because there exists the independent translation, rotation, and non-rigid deformation of the histological sections. In this paper, a landmark-based method of fully non-rigid image registration for the 3D image reconstruction is proposed. The proposed method first detects landmarks corresponded between given images by using a template matching and then non-rigidly deforms the images so that the corresponding landmarks detected in different images are located along a single smooth curve in the reconstructed 3D image. Most of all conventional methods for the reconstruction of 3D microscope image registers two consecutive images at a time and many micro anatomical structures often have unnatural straight shape along the vertical (z) direction in the resultant 3D image because, roughly speaking, the conventional methods registers two given images so that pixels with the same coordinates in the two images have the same pixel value. The proposed method, on the other hand, determine the deformations of all given images by referring to the all images and deforms them simultaneously. In the experiments, a 3D microscope image of the pancreas of a KPC mouse was reconstructed from a series of microscope images of the histological sections.
CULTURE‐LED URBAN REGENERATION AND THE REVITALIsATION OF IDENTITIES IN NEWCASTLE, GATESHEAD AND THE NORTH EAST OF ENGLAND

The rhetoric of the cultural policy dimension of culture‐led regeneration makes a variety of assumptions concerned with the democratisation of culture and the empowerment of local communities. In this article, we ask whether there are alternative paradigms that might offer different connections to other drivers of regeneration in the social and economic fields. The article suggests that successful culture‐led regeneration is not about a trickle‐down effect at all, but rather represents a counter‐balance to broader processes of cultural globalisation. We chart the emergence of cultural policy in the North East of England paying particular attention to the impact of Year of the Visual Arts 1996 and to data emerging out of a 10‐year longitudinal research project on the Gateshead Quayside. It is suggested that only an in‐depth understanding of geographical and historical specificities will help us understand the way in which cultural regeneration potentially strengthens existing sources of identity rather than imposing new ones.
VARIOUS APPROACHES OF VISION-BASED DEEP WEB DATA EXTRACTION (VDWDE) AND APPLICATIONS

Web Data Extraction has become a very serious problem especially having vision based features. We have studied different approaches in a lane range of application domains. Many approaches to extracting vision based data from the Web have been designed to solve specific problems and operate in web application domains. Other techniques reuses in the meadow of Information Extraction. This paper aims in providing structured and comprehensive vision-based features of research efforts made in the field of Web Data Extraction. The overview of our work is to present a cataloguing of vision based approaches in terms of the applications for which they have been working. This differentiates our work from other researcher’s efforts to organize vision-based approaches on the basis of the algorithms, techniques and tools they use. We divide vision based Web Data Extraction approaches into different kinds along with an application how the data regions are extracted from a deep web page.
Comments on Katrina

What are the alternatives for alleviating the extreme poverty that was revealed in the aftermath of hurricane Katrina in late August 2005? The options under consideration are to aid the dispersal of former residents of impoverished neighborhoods into more advantageous settings (either in the rebuilt city or within other parts of the United States), or to focus on reestablishing and strengthening communities that existed prior to the disaster. These are not mutually exclusive. My preference would be to assist those who want to start new lives elsewhere and also to enable those who want to return and recreate lost communities, such as the one that existed for generations in the Lower Ninth Ward. The persisting danger of such a low-lying site would have to be resolved, perhaps by consolidation in a higher section, or in a new place. What should be preserved, however, is the community that gave birth to the Mardi Gras Indians and other integral aspects of New Orleans culture. Underlying those traditions, and of greater importance, were the intergenerational networks of kinship, friendship, and mutual aid; the businesses and churches; and the high levels of home ownership that anchored people in spite of poverty. Xav’s advice about heeding “the public agenda and how it is shaped over time” is especially relevant. The possibilities for resettling the dislocated, rebuilding neighborhoods, stimulating economic growth, and protecting the environment are severely circumscribed by the ideology of those in charge. There has been much criticism of FEMA’s ineptitude. However, these problems are beyond bungling. Rather, they reflect a philosophy that the government is not really responsible for these matters, that the market should shape decisions and set priorities. Power to determine how, and if, neighborhoods are rebuilt rests on a competitive scramble to see which areas can muster enough resources by a certain date. This is a sure-fire formula for achieving HUD Secretary Alfonso Jackson’s stated desire for a New Orleans with fewer residents who are black or poor. Herbert Spencer would have liked this idea. The grim realities of the rebuilding process prompt me to avoid offering fruitless prescriptions about New Orleans. Instead, I want to engage more general principles involved in “assisted mobility” and the forced engineering of “mixed income” communities. It is on these issues that there is an honest disagreement among thoughtful researchers and policy makers. Residential concentrations of very low-income people—neighborhoods with blighted housing, inadequate schools and public services, limited job opportunities, environmental contaminants, and repeated exposure to criminal activities—aggravate the disadvantages that poor children face from the moment of their birth. There is no debate about that. The issue concerns what policy initiatives might solve this conundrum.
myo-Inositol Oxygenase Offers a Possible Entry Point into Plant Ascorbate Biosynthesis1

Two biosynthetic pathways for ascorbate (l-ascorbic acid [AsA]; vitamin C) in plants are presently known, the mannose/l-galactose pathway and an l-GalUA pathway. Here, we present molecular and biochemical evidence for a possible biosynthetic route using myo-inositol (MI) as the initial substrate. A MI oxygenase (MIOX) gene was identified in chromosome 4 (miox4) of Arabidopsis ecotype Columbia, and its enzymatic activity was confirmed in bacterially expressed recombinant protein. Miox4 was primarily expressed in flowers and leaves of wild-type Arabidopsis plants, tissues with a high concentration of AsA. Ascorbate levels increased 2- to 3-fold in homozygous Arabidopsis lines overexpressing the miox4 open reading frame, thus suggesting the role of MI in AsA biosynthesis and the potential for using this gene for the agronomic and nutritional enhancement of crops.