Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
User perceptual mechanisms in the search of computer command menus

Menu-based command systems, in which a user selects a command from a set of choices displayed to him, have acquired widespread use as a human-computer interface technique. The technique is especially attractive for use with new or untrained users since the user need not recall the command he wishes, but merely recognize it. But menu systems also find application in more sophisticated systems meant for expert users (for example, Teitelman, 1977) where they can be used to reduce the complexity of the options with which the user is presented.
Interleukin-2 and regulatory T cells in graft-versus-host disease.

BACKGROUND Dysfunction of regulatory T (Treg) cells has been detected in diverse inflammatory disorders, including chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Interleukin-2 is critical for Treg cell growth, survival, and activity. We hypothesized that low-dose interleukin-2 could preferentially enhance Treg cells in vivo and suppress clinical manifestations of chronic GVHD. METHODS In this observational cohort study, patients with chronic GVHD that was refractory to glucocorticoid therapy received daily low-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 (0.3×10(6), 1×10(6), or 3×10(6) IU per square meter of body-surface area) for 8 weeks. The end points were safety and clinical and immunologic response. After a 4-week hiatus, patients with a response could receive interleukin-2 for an extended period. RESULTS A total of 29 patients were enrolled. None had progression of chronic GVHD or relapse of a hematologic cancer. The maximum tolerated dose of interleukin-2 was 1×10(6) IU per square meter. The highest dose level induced unacceptable constitutional symptoms. Of the 23 patients who could be evaluated for response, 12 had major responses involving multiple sites. The numbers of CD4+ Treg cells were preferentially increased in all patients, with a peak median value, at 4 weeks, that was more than eight times the baseline value (P<0.001), without affecting CD4+ conventional T (Tcon) cells. The Treg:Tcon ratio increased to a median of more than five times the baseline value (P<0.001). The Treg cell count and Treg:Tcon ratio remained elevated at 8 weeks (P<0.001 for both comparisons with baseline values), then declined when the patients were not receiving interleukin-2. The increased numbers of Treg cells expressed the transcription factor forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and could inhibit autologous Tcon cells. Immunologic and clinical responses were sustained in patients who received interleukin-2 for an extended period, permitting the glucocorticoid dose to be tapered by a mean of 60% (range, 25 to 100). CONCLUSIONS Daily low-dose interleukin-2 was safely administered in patients with active chronic GVHD that was refractory to glucocorticoid therapy. Administration was associated with preferential, sustained Treg cell expansion in vivo and amelioration of the manifestations of chronic GVHD in a substantial proportion of patients. (Funded by a Dana-Farber Dunkin' Donuts Rising Star award and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00529035.).
queryCategorizr: A Large-Scale Semi-Supervised System for Categorization of Web Search Queries

Understanding interests expressed through user's search query is a task of critical importance for many internet applications. To help identify user interests, web engines commonly utilize classification of queries into one or more pre-defined interest categories. However, majority of the queries are noisy short texts, making accurate classification a challenging task. In this demonstration, we present queryCategorizr, a novel semi-supervised learning system that embeds queries into low-dimensional vector space using a neural language model applied on search log sessions, and classifies them into general interest categories while relying on a small set of labeled queries. Empirical results on large-scale data show that queryCategorizr outperforms the current state-of-the-art approaches. In addition, we describe a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that allows users to query the system and explore classification results in an interactive manner.
Development of high strength soft magnetic alloys for high speed electrical machines

The main areas of development of new soft magnetic materials are naturally directed at improving properties such as permeability or losses. There are, however, increasing demands by designers of electrical machines for materials with improved strength to withstand the forces associated with the use of larger rotors or very high rotation speeds. This paper reviews materials which have been specially developed to meet these design requirements. (4 pages)
Treeblazing: Using External Treebanks to Filter Parse Forests for Parse Selection and Treebanking

We describe “treeblazing”, a method of using annotations from the GENIA treebank to constrain a parse forest from an HPSG parser. Combining this with self-training, we show significant dependency score improvements in a task of adaptation to the biomedical domain, reducing error rate by 9% compared to out-of-domain gold data and 6% compared to self-training. We also demonstrate improvements in treebanking efficiency, requiring 25% fewer decisions, and 17% less annotation time.
Zidovudine-induced reversible pure red cell aplasia

Hematological abnormalities are frequent among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and may be directly attributable to the virus or may be caused by opportunistic infections, neoplasms or drugs that cause bone marrow suppression or hemolysis. Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is an uncommon hematological disorder that causes anemia. We report a 37-year-old male with HIV infection who developed PRCA 6 weeks after commencing Zidovudine and recovered following cessation of the drug. This is the first case of Zidovudine-induced PRCA reported from the Indian subcontinent.
Characteristics of Carbonaceous Species in PM2.5 in Wanzhou in the Hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservior of Northeast Chongqing, China

Daily PM2.5 samples were collected in the four consecutive seasons in 2013 in Wanzhou, the second largest city in Chongqing Municipality of China and in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservior on Yangtze River and analyzed for the mass concentrations and carbonaceous species of PM2.5 to investigate the abundance and seasonal characteristics of PM2.5, and organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC). The annual average PM2.5 concentrations were 125.3 μg·m−3, while OC and EC were 23.6 μg·m−3 and 8.7 μg·m−3, respectively. The total carbonaceous aerosol (TCA) accounted for 32.6% of the PM2.5 mass. On seasonal average, the OC and EC concentrations ranked in the order of winter > fall > spring > summer, which could be attributed to the combined effects of changes in local emissions and seasonal meteorological conditions. Strong OC-EC correlations were found in the winter and fall, suggesting the contributions of similar sources. The lowest OC-EC correlation occurred in the summer, probably due to the increases in biogenic emission and formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) through photochemical activity. Average secondary organic carbon (SOC) concentration was 9.0 μg·m−3, accounting for 32.3% of the total OC. The average ratios of SOA/PM2.5 of 3.8%~15.7% indicated that SOA was a minor fraction in fine particles of Wanzhou.
Fast color/texture segmentation for outdoor robots

We present a fast integrated approach for online segmentation of images for outdoor robots. A compact color and texture descriptor has been developed to describe local color and texture variations in an image. This descriptor is then used in a two-stage fast clustering framework using K-means to perform online segmentation of natural images. We present results of applying our descriptor for segmenting a synthetic image and compare it against other state-of-the-art descriptors. We also apply our segmentation algorithm to the task of detecting natural paths in outdoor images. The whole system has been demonstrated to work online alongside localization, 3D obstacle detection, and planning.
Ontology Mapping for Dynamic Multiagent Environment

Ontologies are essential for the realization of the Semantic Web, which in turn relies on the ability of systems to identify and exploit relationships that exist between and within ontologies. As ontologies can be used to represent different domains, there is a high need for efficient ontology matching techniques that can allow information to be easily shared between different heterogeneous systems. There are various systems were proposed recently for ontology mapping. Ontology mapping is a prerequisite for achieving heterogeneous data integration on the Semantic Web. The vision of the Semantic Web implies that a large number of ontologies present on the web need to be aligned before one can make use of them. At the same time, these ontologies can be used as domain-specific background knowledge by the ontology mapping systems to increase the mapping precision. However, these ontologies can differ in representation, quality, and size that pose different challenges to ontology mapping. In this paper, we analyzed the various challenges of recently introduced Multi-Agent Ontology Mapping Framework, DSSim and we have integrated an efficient feature called QoS-Web Services Composition with DSSsim. ie we have improved this framework with QoS based Service Compositions Mechanism. From our experimental results, it is established that this developed QoS based Web Services Compositions Mechanism for Multiagent Ontology Mapping Framework minimizing uncertain reasoning and improves matching time, which are encouraging results of our proposed work.
Improved Algorithm For Continuous Moving Objects Queries

Moving objects databases are becoming more and more popular due to the increasing number of application domains that deal with moving entities. Continuous queries are important in moving objects databases. We summarize three types of continuous queries, but only two of them have been studied before. We proposed new algorithms to process the other two types of queries. Experiment results all show that our algorithm is excellent in monitoring accuracy, communication cost and CPU load balance
Defects in lamin B1 expression or processing affect interphase chromosome position and gene expression

Radial organization of nuclei with peripheral gene-poor chromosomes and central gene-rich chromosomes is common and could depend on the nuclear boundary as a scaffold or position marker. To test this, we studied the role of the ubiquitous nuclear envelope (NE) component lamin B1 in NE stability, chromosome territory position, and gene expression. The stability of the lamin B1 lamina is dependent on lamin endoproteolysis (by Rce1) but not carboxymethylation (by Icmt), whereas lamin C lamina stability is not affected by the loss of full-length lamin B1 or its processing. Comparison of wild-type murine fibroblasts with fibroblasts lacking full-length lamin B1, or defective in CAAX processing, identified genes that depend on a stable processed lamin B1 lamina for normal expression. We also demonstrate that the position of mouse chromosome 18 but not 19 is dependent on such a stable nuclear lamina. The results implicate processed lamin B1 in the control of gene expression as well as chromosome position.
BIONETS architecture: from networks to SerWorks

This paper presents the networking framework as conceived within the European project BIONETS. The case for such a framework comes from the idea of a ldquoDisappearing Networkrdquo paradigm. In the disappearing network, the network ceases to exist as an independent entity and becomes an appendix of the distributed services running on user devices. The overall BIONETS system exploits the presence of embedded devices to provide context-awareness and leverages peer-to-peer interactions among mobile devices in order to ensure system-wide dissemination of data and services. Some of the current networking solutions developed within the project are also presented, highlighting the use of bio-inspired techniques and tools. The paper presents then a first version of the SerWorks architecture, which takes a unifying view on networks and services. In SerWorks, the network becomes a set of particular services, aimed at general connectivity purposes, which can be created and modified at runtime in order to accommodate for specific system conditions and higher-level constraints.
An Integrated Exploration and Virtual Platform Framework for Many-Accelerator Heterogeneous Systems

The recent advent of many-accelerator systems-on-chip (SoC), driven by the need for maximizing throughput and power efficiency, has led to an exponential increase in the hardware/software co-design complexity. The reason of this increase is that the designer has to explore a vast number of architectural parameter combinations for each single accelerator, as well as inter-accelerator configuration combinations under specific area, throughput, and power constraints, given that each accelerator has different computational requirements. In such a case, the design space size explodes. Thus, existing design space exploration (DSE) techniques give poor-quality solutions, as the design space cannot be adequately covered in a fair time. This problem is aggravated by the very long simulation time of the many-accelerator virtual platforms (VPs). This article addresses these design issues by (a) presenting a virtual prototyping solution that decreases the exploration time by enabling the evaluation of multiple configurations per VP simulation and (b) proposing a DSE methodology that efficiently explores the design space of many-accelerator systems. With the use of two fully developed use cases, namely an H.264 decoding server for multiple video streams and a parallelized denoising system for MRI scans, we show that the proposed DSE methodology either leads to Pareto points that dominate over those of a typical DSE scenario or finds new solutions that might not be found by the typical DSE. In addition, the proposed virtual prototyping solution leads to DSE runtime reduction reaching 10 × for H.264 and 5 × for Rician denoise.
Symmetries in human brain language pathways correlate with verbal recall

Lateralization of language to the left hemisphere is considered a key aspect of human brain organization. We used diffusion tensor MRI to perform in vivo virtual dissection of language pathways to assess the relationship between brain asymmetry and cognitive performance in the normal population. Our findings suggest interhemispheric differences in direct connections between Broca's and Wernicke's territories, with extreme leftward lateralization in more than half of the subjects and bilateral symmetrical distribution in only 17.5% of the subjects. Importantly, individuals with more symmetric patterns of connections are better overall at remembering words using semantic association. Moreover, preliminary analysis suggests females are more likely to have a symmetrical pattern of connections. These findings suggest that the degree of lateralization of perisylvian pathways is heterogeneous in the normal population and, paradoxically, bilateral representation, not extreme lateralization, might ultimately be advantageous for specific cognitive functions.
Self-aligned InP DHBT with f/sub /spl tau// and f/sub max/ over 300 GHz in a new manufacturable technology

We report self-aligned indium-phosphide double-heterojunction bipolar transistor devices in a new manufacturable technology with both cutoff frequency (f/sub /spl tau//) and maximum oscillation frequency (f/sub max/) over 300 GHz and open-base breakdown voltage (BV/sub ceo/) over 4 V. Logic circuits fabricated using these devices in a production integrated-circuit process achieved a current-mode logic ring-oscillator gate delay of 1.95 ps and an emitter-coupled logic static-divider frequency of 152 GHz, both of which closely matched model-based circuit simulations.
Visualizing Risk by Example: Demonstrating Threats Arising From Android Apps

permissions an app demands during installation [2]. While this result is hardly surprising, it still puts the majority of smartphone users at risk. Kelley et al. recently argued that since permissions are not shown until after the installation button has already been pressed, the risks potentially arising from excessive app privileges are not part of the user’s decision process anymore [3]. They introduced a modied app information screen and showed that users became more reluctant to install apps requesting too many permissions. While they were able to increase the awareness of requested permissions, participants still reported that they were unsure about the threats arising from apps requesting too many permissions. We can conclude that users currently show limited awareness of threats and risks during the selection and installation of a new app and that the safety of their personal data is at stake. We believe that this situation can be improved by emphasizing the risks associated with an app’s installation. Thus, we evaluated a novel presentation of app permissions: our prototype illustrates risks arising from app permissions in the form of worst-case examples to demonstrate potential attack scenarios resulting from the malicious use of the requested permissions. In related work, Rader et al. [4] showed that many users learn about security from informal stories told by family and friends. Hence, in the terms of their work, we try to let the app market tell the user small stories about how private information may be at risk. In this position paper, we suggest to assist users in understanding permissions by using examples to communicate risk. We present results from a pilot study that evaluate the eectiveness
Fabrication of Positively Patterned Conducting Polymer Microstructures via One‐Step Electrodeposition

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OM Forum - The Vital Role of Operations Analysis in Improving Healthcare Delivery

There is now a broad consensus among healthcare professionals that the U.S. healthcare delivery system is woefully inefficient and needs to be radically redesigned. Healthcare costs have always been a driving force in policy and management, but quality has become equally important in driving decisions, particularly since emerging payment systems include metrics on clinical and operational performance. With the increasing use of information technology to capture financial, operational, and clinical data and to coordinate care across time and different venues, there is a growing demand for operations analysts to examine processes of care and provide much-needed insights on how to better utilize resources to improve outcomes while reducing costs. In this paper, I describe some of the essential features of the U.S. healthcare system and some critical issues that provide opportunities for operations researchers to make important contributions.
Cryptanalysis of a public-key cryptosystem based on generalized inverses of matrices

The theory of generalized inverses of matrices over finite fields has been proposed as a potential tool in cryptographic research for the past two years. Recently, Wu and Dawson (see IEE Proc., Comput. Digit. Tech., vol.145, no.5, p.321-6, 1998) proposed a public-key cryptosystem based on generalized inverses of matrices. In this letter, we show that the Wu-Dawson public-key cryptosystem can be broken by representing the ciphertext as a linear combination of rows according to the public key.
The Synapse 7.1 Synaptic Input

This chapter covers a spectrum of models for both chemical and electrical synapses. Different levels of detail are delineated in terms of model complexity and suitability for different situations. These range from empirical models of voltage waveforms to more detailed kinetic schemes, and to complex Monte Carlo models including vesicle recycling and release. Simple static models that produce the same presynaptic response for every presynaptic action potential are compared with more realistic models incorporating short-term dynamics that produce facilitation and depression of the postsynaptic response. Different types of excitatory and inhibitory chemical synapses, including those with AMPA-receptor-mediated and NMDA-receptor-mediated responses, are considered. So far we have considered neuronal inputs in the form of electrical stimulation via an electrode, as in an electrophysiological experiment. Many neu-ronal modelling endeavours start by trying to reproduce the electrical activity seen in particular experiments. However, once a model is established on the basis of such experimental data, it is often desired to explore the model in settings that are not reproducible in an experiment. For example, how does the complex model neuron respond to patterns of synaptic input? How does a model network of neurons function? What sort of activity patterns can a network produce? These questions, and many others besides, require us to be able to model synaptic input. We discuss chemical synapses in most detail as they are the principle mediators of targetted neuronal communication. Electrical synapses are discussed in Section 7.7. The chemical synapse is a complex signal transduction device that produces a postsynaptic response when an action potential arrives at the presy-naptic terminal. A schematic of the fundamental components of a chemical synapse is shown in Figure 7.1. We describe models of chemical synapses based on the conceptual view that a synapse consists of one or more active zones that contain a presynaptic readily-releasable pool of vesicles (RRVP)
The Duluth lexical sample systems in Senseval-3

Two systems from the University of Minnesota, Duluth participated in various SENSEVAL-3 lexical sample tasks. The supervised learning system is based on lexical features and bagged decision trees. It participated in lexical sample tasks for the English, Spanish, Catalan, Basque, Romanian and MultiLingual English-Hindi data. The unsupervised system uses measures of semantic relatedness to find the sense of the target word that is most related to the senses of its neighbors. It participated in the English lexical sample task.