Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GAP GYAN – Volume - V Issue II

Using monthly time series data for the period 1995 – 2020, this research explores the impact of oil price variations on output and inflation in India. According to recent research, fluctuations in oil prices may have asymmetric impacts on macroeconomic indicators. The author decomposes oil price changes into positive and negative portions, as Hamilton suggests, to account for asymmetric impacts (1996). Our findings reveal that whereas higher oil prices have a definite negative impact on production growth, lower oil prices have a negligible influence. Similarly, rises in the price of oil have a positive and considerable impact on inflation. Oil price drops, on the other hand, have little impact on inflation. These findings are also supported by the Granger causality tests. It claims that while these impacts have faded over time, monetary policy should remain watchful in averting inflationary second-round consequences. At the same time, fiscal policy should stay focused on long-term objectives, while structural reforms should help to improve oil market transparency.
Cluster analysis of multiple planetary flow regimes

A modified cluster analysis method has been developed to identify spatial patterns of planetary flow regimes and to study transitions between them. This method has been applied first to a simple deterministic model and second to northern hemisphere (NH) 500-mbar data. The dynamical model is governed by the fully nonlinear, equivalent-barotropic vorticity equation on the sphere. Clusters of points in the model's phase space are associated either with a few persistent events or with many transient events. Two stationary clusters have patterns similar to unstable stationary model solutions, zonal or blocked. Transient clusters of wave trains serve as way stations between the stationary ones. For the NH data, cluster analysis was carried out in the subspace of the first seven empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs). Stationary clusters are found in the low-frequency band of more than 10 days, and transient clusters are found in the band-pass frequency window between 2.5 and 6 days. In the low-frequency band, three pairs of clusters determine EOFs 1, 2, and 3, respectively. They exhibit well-known regional features, such as blocking, the Pacific/North American (PNA) pattern, and wave trains. Both model and low-pass data show strong bimodality. Clusters in the band-pass window show wavetrain patterns in the two jet exit regions.
Drug development and new targets for redox disturbances in experimental vascular disease

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global healthcare burden attributable to high mortality and staggering costs of dialysis. The underlying causes of AKI include hypothermia and rewarming (H/R), ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species production. Inspired by the mechanisms conferring organ protection in hibernating hamster, 6-chromanol derived compounds were developed to address the need of effective prevention and treatment of AKI. Here we report on the pre-clinical screening of 6-chromanol leads that confer protection during I/R to select compounds with favorable profiles for clinical testing in AKI. A library of 6-chromanols (n = 63) was screened in silico for pharmacochemical properties and druggability. Selected compounds (n = 15) were screened for the potency to protect HEK293 cells from H/R cell death and subjected to a panel of in vitro safety assays. Based on these parameters, SUL-138 was selected as the lead compound and was found to safeguard kidney function and decrease renal injury after I/R in rats. The compound was without cardiovascular or respiratory effects in vivo. SUL-138 pharmacokinetics of control animals (mouse, rat) and those undergoing I/R (rat) was identical, showing a two-phase elimination profile with terminal half-life of about 8 h. Collectively, our phenotype-based screening approach led to the identification of 3 candidates for pre-clinical studies (5%, 3/64). SUL-138 emerged from this small-scale library of 6-chromanols as a novel prophylactic for AKI. The presented efficacy and safety data provide a basis for future development and clinical testing.
? Evidence from the US National Survey of Family Growth

BACKGROUND Undertaking fertility treatment is a stressful process and may lead to couple instability, but high levels of couple satisfaction have usually been observed during or just after treatment. However, the evidence on divorce is scarce. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between the use of a wide range of fertility treatments and marital dissolution in a representative sample of American women in their first marriage.
TMC: Near-Optimal Resource Allocation for Tiered-Memory Systems

Main memory dominates data center server cost, and hence data center operators are exploring alternative technologies such as CXL-attached and persistent memory to improve cost without jeopardizing performance. Introducing multiple tiers of memory introduces new challenges, such as selecting the appropriate memory configuration for a given workload mix. In particular, we observe that inefficient configurations increase cost by up to 2.6× for clients, and resource stranding increases cost by 2.2× for cloud operators. To address this challenge, we introduce TMC, a system for recommending cloud configurations according to workload characteristics and the dynamic resource utilization of a cluster. Whereas prior work utilized extensive simulation or costly machine learning techniques, incurring significant search costs, our approach profiles applications to reveal internal properties that lead to fast and accurate performance estimations. Our novel configuration-selection algorithm incorporates a new heuristic, packing penalty, to ensure that recommended configurations will also achieve good resource efficiency. Our experiments demonstrate that TMC reduces the search cost by up to 4× over the state-of-the-art, while improving resource utilization by up to 17% as compared to a naive policy that requests optimal tiered memory allocations in isolation.
GAP GYAN – Volume - V Issue II

Yoga has been practised as a holistic approach to health and human greatness since the dawn of humanity. As a result, business interest in Yoga has risen dramatically, particularly in wealthy countries. Each year, the United States spends $5.7 billion on yoga lessons and goods (Bhandari et al., 2010). According to research conducted at the University of Massachusetts Medical Centre's Stress Reduction Clinic, yoga combined with meditation can actually reduce stress and improve work performance and distress has been identified as a cause in approximately 90% of doctor visits and illnesses (Tesovic, 2019). In this research the yogic intervention, which included selected yogic postures, breathing techniques (Pranayama) and guided meditations, was given to 140 corporate executives (91 men and 49 women) from The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India Ahmedabad branch over the course of 90 days. Convenient sampling method was adopted for selection of the subjects. The perceived stress scale was used for the assessment of the level of stress and the paired sample t-test was calculated. ‘ t ’ -value was 12.786, which was significant at 0.01 level. The result showed a positive significant effect of the yogic intervention to reduce perceived Stress, Anxiety and depression. This study found that yoga can improve individual and organisational health, harmony, morale, work motivation, commitment, performance and productivity.
Referral for Specialist Follow-Up and its Association with Post-Discharge Mortality among Patients with Systolic Heart Failure (From the National Heart Failure Audit for England & Wales)

For patients admitted with worsening heart failure, early follow-up after discharge is recommended. Whether outcomes can be improved when follow-up is done by cardiologists is uncertain. We aimed to determine the association between cardiology follow-up and risk of death for patients with heart failure discharged from hospital. Using data from the National Heart Failure Audit (England & Wales), we investigated the effect of referral to cardiology follow-up on 30-day and one-year mortality in 68 772 patients with heart failure and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFREF) discharged from 185 hospitals between 2007 to 2013. The primary analyses used instrumental variable analysis complemented by hierarchical logistic and propensity matched models. At the hospital level, rates of referral to cardiologists varied from 6% to 96%. The median odds ratio (OR) for referral to cardiologist was 2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1, 2.5), suggesting that, on average, the odds of a patient being referred for cardiologist follow-up after discharge differed approximately 2.3 times from one randomly selected hospital to another one. Based on the proportion of patients (per region) referred for cardiology follow-up, referral for cardiology follow-up was associated with lower 30-day (OR 0.70; CI 0.55, 0.89) and one-year mortality (OR 0.81; CI 0.68, 0.95) compared with no plans for cardiology follow-up (i.e., standard follow-up done by family doctors). Results from hierarchical logistic models and propensity matched models were consistent (30-day mortality OR 0.66; CI 0.61, 0.72 and 0.66; CI 0.58, 0.76 for hierarchical and propensity matched models, respectively). For patients with HFREF admitted to hospital with worsening symptoms, referral to cardiology services for follow-up after discharge is strongly associated with reduced mortality, both early and late.
The neural basis of saccade target selection

Saccade target selection must be understood in relation to the obvious fact that vision naturally occurs in a continuous cycle of fixations interrupted by gaze shifts. The guidance of eye movements requires information about what is where in the visual field. The identities of objects are derived from their visible features. Single neurons in the visual system represent the presence of specific features by the level of activation; the reliability of the discriminating signal from single neurons varies over time. Each point in the visual field is represented by many populations of neurons activated by all types of features. Topographic representations are found throughout the visual and oculomotor systems; neighboring neurons tend to represent similar visual field locations or saccades. Selecting one out of many stimuli to which to direct gaze requires comparing stimulus attributes across the visual field. The existence of retinotopic maps of the visual field makes possible local interactions to implement such comparisons /41/. For example, a lateral inhibition network can extract the location of the most conspicuous stimulus in the visual field /30,40,81/. Coordinated with this parallel visual processing is activation in structures responsible for producing the movement such as FEF and the superior colliculus. A saccade is produced when the neurons at one location within the motor maps become sufficiently active. One job of visual processing, then, is to ensure that only one site within a movement map becomes activated. This is done when the neurons signalling the location of the desired target develop enhanced activation while the neurons responding to other locations are attenuated. Saccade target selection often converts an initially ambiguous pattern of neural activation into a pattern that reliably signals one target location. The ambiguity may be reduced through prior knowledge of the likely target location or identity, and extraretinal signals reflecting such expectations can modulate the responsiveness of afferent visual neurons. Specifying the metrics of a saccade and triggering the movement are coordinated but dissociable processes. Speed-accuracy trade-offs can thereby be produced allowing the visuomotor system to produce a saccade that is inaccurate because it is premature relative to the target selection process. While there are many gaps in our knowledge, the questions to ask seem reasonably clear. Because saccade target selection involves visual processing and eye movement programming combined with mnemonic influences, only continued experimental ingenuity will disentangle the various and variable contributions of individual neurons. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Comparison and evaluation of metamodeling methods with qualitative variables for the design of vegetative filter strips

Signiﬁcant amounts of pollutant are measured in surface water, their presence due in part to the use of pesticides in agriculture. One solution to limit pesticide transfer by surface runoﬀ is to implement vegetative ﬁlter strips (VFS) along rivers. These buﬀer zones are identiﬁed as the best management practices of choice for runoﬀ mitigation to prevent and limit the transfer of pollutants from agricultural ﬁelds to water resources. They are mandatory or highly advised depending on the country and conditions. Since their location is part of the farmer’s ﬁeld, the sizing of these strips is a major issue. However, to be eﬃcient, they need to be properly designed
A Machine Learning Based Three-Step Framework for Malicious URL Detection

In order to solve the shortcomings of using blacklist method to detect malicious URLs, such as slow update speed, the research of using machine learning to detect malicious URLs increasing. These research have proposed their own methods and obtained great accuracy, but the summary research on malicious URLs detection is insuﬃcient. In this paper, we propose a three-step framework for malicious URLs detection, and we overview 14 related works by our three-step framework and ﬁnd that almost all research on malicious URLs detection using machine learning can be classiﬁed by the three-step framework. We evaluate some machine learning models and context-considering methods and their suitability by our three-step framework. According to the results, we verify the importance of considering context and ﬁnd that context-considering embedding methods are more important and the malicious URLs detection accuracy improved with context-considering methods.
Association of IL10 Polymorphisms and Leprosy: A Meta-Analysis

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that depends on the interplay of several factors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in host immune related genes have been consistently suggested as participants in susceptibility towards disease. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a crucial immunomodulatory cytokine in mycobacterial pathogenesis and especially the -819C>T SNP (rs1800871) has been tested in several case-control studies indicating association with leprosy risk, although a recent consensus estimate is still missing. In this study, we evaluated the association of the -819C>T SNP and leprosy in two new Brazilian family-based populations. Then, we performed meta-analysis for this polymorphism summarizing published studies including these Brazilian family-based groups. Finally, we also retrieved published studies for other distal and proximal IL10 polymorphisms: -3575 T>A (rs1800890), -2849 G>A (rs6703630), -2763 C>A (rs6693899), -1082 G>A (rs1800896) and -592 C>A (rs1800872). Results from meta-analysis supported a significant susceptibility association for the -819T allele, with pooled Odds Ratio of 1.22 (CI = 1.11–1.34) and P-value = 3x10–5 confirming previous data. This result remained unaltered after inclusion of the Brazilian family-based groups (OR = 1.2, CI = 1.10–1.31, P-value = 2x10–5). Also, meta-analysis confirmed association of -592 A allele and leprosy outcome (OR = 1.24, CI = 1.03–1.50, P-value = 0.02). In support of this, linkage disequilibrium analysis in 1000 genomes AFR, EUR, ASN and AMR populations pointed to r2 = 1.0 between the -592C>A and -819C>T SNPs. We found no evidence of association for the other IL10 polymorphisms analyzed for leprosy outcome. Our results reinforce the role of the -819C>T as a tag SNP (rs1800871) and its association with leprosy susceptibility.
Preface to Monitoring the Earth Radiation Budget and Its Implication to Climate Simulations: Recent Advances and Discussions

This article acts as an introduction to the JGR‐Atmospheres special section titled Monitoring the Earth Radiation Budget and its Implication to Climate Simulations: Recent Advances and Discussions. It outlines the key findings presented in the articles published in the special section. Additionally, it delves into some of the emerging trends in the ongoing research within this field of research.
Sıçanlarda Oksidatif Hasar Modülasyonuyla Doksorubisinin İndüklediği Kardiyotoksisite Üzerine Rosuvastatinin İyileştirici Potansiyeli

Objectives: The study aimed to explore the in vivo protective potential of rosuvastatin (ROSS), an oral antihyperlipidemic drug against doxorubicin (DOXO) induced cardio toxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: Cardiac toxicity was induced by DOXO injection (10 mg/kg, i.p .), once on the 20 th day of the experiment. Except for the control rats, all were received DOXO and the study was continued for up to 21 days. The influence of ROSS on acute treatment was analyzed by quantification of cardiac marker enzymes such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and liver marker enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) along with the measurement of in vivo antioxidants like superoxide dismutase and catalase. To observe histological changes of myocardial tissue hematoxylin and eosin staining were used. Results: Acute administration of DOXO resulted in a marked rise of cardiac marker enzymes that confirms the myocardial damage compared to control animals whereas administration of ROSS (10 mg/kg, p.o. ) resulted in the significant reduction of CK-MB, LDH levels ( p <0.05) and AST, ALT levels to a remarkable extent. Moreover, ROSS administration significantly increased the activities of various in vivo antioxidant levels. Conclusion: From the results, the acute administration of ROSS showed significant cardioprotective property, which was evidenced by a significant reduction of cardiac and liver marker enzymes along with significant improvement of in vivo antioxidant activities. Furthermore the results were supported with histopathological observations. Hence, it can be concluded that cardioprotective potential of ROSS may be through attenuation of oxidative stress by modulating oxidative damage in rats.
Dynamics of Grassland Vegetation Composition across different Land-use Types on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau: Implications to Combat Grassland Degradation

The constant biotic and abiotic interventions on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP) are seriously degrading the grasslands and, at the same time, restricting the active ecosystem function and grassland vegetation distribution on the plateau. This research analyses the dynamics of grassland vegetation composition across three land uses and counties. The degree of grassland degradation was divided into four land-use types based, i.e., healthy grassland (HG), restored grassland (RG), moderately degraded (MD) grassland, and severely degraded (SD) grassland. About 32 plant species were recorded in Tiebujia county, 28 in Maqin county, and 18 in Maduo county. Results showed Poa crymophila, Polygonum sibiricum, Leontopodium nanum and Oxytropis falcatabunge as the most abundant grassland species in all land-uses and counties. The richness of species ranged from 8 to 12 species per land-use, suggesting low richness and diversity in restored and degraded grassland. A positive non-significantly mean change (p<0.05) was detected for richness and evenness indices while a negative mean change (p<0.05) was detected for Simpson and Shannon indices in the alpine meadow and steppe in both Maqin and Maduo county. The results imply that degradation affects grassland vegetation, health, and distribution across the QTP. Plant total cover for the healthy grassland covered far more areas than other land-uses. Urgent mitigation measures to halt grassland degradation and decline in plant vegetation composition on the plateau should be adopted.
Preferences for redistribution: a European comparative analysis

What explains people s preferences for state intervention in social policies? Conducting a cross-section analysis on individual-level survey data, we highlight the link between the economic position of agents and their specific demand toward redistribution. Controlling for a number of factors usually found to impact individual preferences in the literature, we take the egoistic motives for redistribution seriously and focus on the role played by the occupational status of individuals in shaping their preferences. Thus, (i) we estimate the relative importance of economic factors in terms of current and expected gain, allowing for social mobility experience and risk aversion. Further, (ii) we try to identify which socio-political groups could be formed on the basis of their preferences for redistribution. Finally, (iii) we highlight differences between European countries as it comes to the grouping of agents.
ASSESSMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, METABOLIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK PROFILE IN FIRST-DEGREE RELATIVES OF WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME: A HOSPITAL-BASED STUDY IN MAHARASHTRA, INDIA

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and metabolic disorder in women with attributes of substantial genetic predisposition and potentially varied, but not yet blatantly identified, triggers. Moreover, it has clinical repercussions across the lifespan and is pertinent to related family members. In addition to the increased heritability of reproductive hallmarks of PCOS, first degree relatives (FDR) of these women have great potential of developing endocrine and metabolic co-morbidities of PCOS particularly obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and metabolic syndrome. The purpose of current research was to explore reproductive health, glucose tolerance status and cardiovascular risk profile in first-degree relatives of women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: This case-control study included FDR of PCOS women (fathers, mothers, brothers and sisters) compared with equivalent number of age-matched FDR of non-PCOS control women. Primary outcome measures were prevalence of PCOS and isolated PCOS features (hirsutism, menstrual irregularities and ovarian morphological changes), impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia. Mean differences in body mass index, waist-hip ratio, fasting and 2-hr blood glucose, lipoprotein components were assessed in all participants. Result: Prevalence of PCOS diagnosis (29.4%) and isolated PCOS attributes was notably higher in female FDR of PCOS probands than in control FDR. The mothers (21.7%) and fathers (18.1%) of PCOS women had increased prevalence of T2DM than controls parents. Frequency of systemic hypertension (25%), central obesity (55.9%) and dyslipidaemia (28.9%) was significantly raised in FDR of PCOS probands than of control FDR. Male FDR of PCOS patients appeared to have a higher risk of premature baldness than did control FDR. Conclusion: Our study indicates that seemingly healthy first-degree relatives of PCOS probands encountered reproductive and cardiometabolic dysregulations. There is clustering of glucose intolerance and classical cardiovascular risk elements in this population. Accordingly, FDR of PCOS women exhibit an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, as do PCOS probands. Further emphasis should be conferred to this population with well-timed and regular screening in such a way that preventive strategies could be constituted to circumvent ensuing cardiometabolic aberrations.