Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Orthostatic Hypotension: Differences Between Elderly Men and Women

BACKGROUND Orthostatic hypotension (OH) occurs when mechanisms regulating blood pressure (BP) levels after standing-up are altered. It is unclear how prevalence and risk factors for OH are different between sexes. We aimed to investigate sex differences in prevalence and risk factors for OH elderly individuals. METHODS We included 882 participants from Maracaibo Aging Study. OH was a sustained reduction of ≥20 mm Hg in systolic BP, ≥10 mm Hg in diastolic BP, or both, after 3 minutes of changing positions from supine to standing. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the relationships among risk factors for OH in men and women considering interaction sex-term and stratified by sex. RESULTS The mean age was 66.7 ± 8.5 years, being similar by sex. Women and men 55-74 years had similar prevalence of OH+ (18.5% vs. 20.9%, respectively). After 75 years, the proportion of women with OH+ was lower than men (11% vs. 30%, respectively). Hypertension, specifically systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg, and high pulse pressure (PP) were related with OH+ accounted by interaction sex-term, while diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg, antihypertensive treatment, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus and age were not. Systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg increases the risk of OH only among women, while BMI showed an inverse association in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS Although the prevalence of OH is similar in both sexes, there are different risk factors associated by sex. Systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg was associated with increased risk of OH only with women while BMI was a protective factor for OH in men and women.
Cavity Optomechanics: Back-Action at the Mesoscale

The coupling of optical and mechanical degrees of freedom is the underlying principle of many techniques to measure mechanical displacement, from macroscale gravitational wave detectors to microscale cantilevers used in scanning probe microscopy. Recent experiments have reached a regime where the back-action of photons caused by radiation pressure can influence the optomechanical dynamics, giving rise to a host of long-anticipated phenomena. Here we review these developments and discuss the opportunities for innovative technology as well as for fundamental science.
The lytic Myoviridae of Enterobacteriaceae form tight recombining assemblages separated by discontinuities in genome average nucleotide identity and lateral gene flow

In Bacteria, a working consensus of species circumscription may have been reached and one of the most prominent criteria is high average nucleotide identity (ANI). ANI in effect groups strains that may recombine more or less frequently, depending on their biology, as opposed to rare interspecies gene transfer. For bacteriophages, which show various lifestyles, the nature of the fundamental natural unit, if it exists in a biological sense, is not well understood and defined. The approaches based on dot-plots are useful to group similar bacteriophages, yet are not quantitative and use arbitrarily set cut-offs. Here, we focus on lytic Myoviridae and test the ANI metric for group delineation. We show that ANI-based groups are in agreement with the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) classification and already established dot-plot groups, which are occasionally further refined owing to higher resolution of ANI analysis. Furthermore, these groups are separated among themselves by clear ANI discontinuities. Their members readily exchange core genes with each other while they do not with bacteriophages of other ANI groups, not even with the most similar. Thus, ANI-delineated groups may represent the natural units in lytic Myoviridae evolution with features that resemble those encountered in bacterial species.
Real-time Observation of Electrochemical Sodiation of C03O4/CNTS by in-situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

In recent years in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has become a unique and effective technique in revealing the underlying mechanisms and fundamental science of charge and ion transport, such as in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) [1-7] and sodium-ion batteries (NIBs) [8-11] as well as potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) [11]. Such in-situ or socalled in-operando observations enable direct monitoring of the microstructural evolution during the electrochemical reaction process. Sodium ion battery as inexpensive and reliable energy storage setup attracts more and more researchers’ attention. In this work, the electrochemically driven sodiation process and microstructural evolution of Co3O4/carbon nanotube nanocomposites are directly visualized in real-space and investigated close to atomic resolution by in-situ TEM under applied electrical bias. Uniform Co3O4 nanocubes with a regular cuboidal shape and size of ~5 nm anchored on the surface of carbon nanotube were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method [12]. Carbon nanotube can act as both, the substrate to support active materials (Co3O4 nanoparticles) and a good conductor of ions and electrons. Upon the first sodiation reaction as shown in Fig.1, sodium ions firstly diffuse along the surface of carbon nanotube and then get inserted into Co3O4 crystalline lattice leading to a collapse of the Co3O4 crystalline lattice and formation of Na-Co-O amorphous clusters, a process which is reminiscent of solid amorphization reaction. In situ diffraction patterns indicate that the amorphous phase then gradually transforms into to a composite of Na2O and Co phase with continuous Na + insertion in the sodiation process. There is about two-fold volume expansion of one nanotube after full sodiation, which is smaller than that in lithiation of Co3O4. Both discharging rate and reaction depth of sodiation reaction are much lower than that of lithiation due to larger ionic size of Na. Thus, the sodiation dynamics is quite different from that of lithiation. In summary, we have observed the electrochemical reaction and microstructure evolution of Co3O4/CNTs nanocomposites during sodiation process, confirming that some of the 3d transition metal oxides have potential as electrode materials in sodium ion batteries [13, 14]. These observations may help understand the sodiation mechanism and aid in designing new advanced electrodes for high-performance NIB battery in the future.
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis surveillance in British Columbia 2008-2009 , Canada

Opportunistic surveys for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) in 2008-2009 indicates that it is widely distributed in all regions of British Columbia and in all the anurans tested. Rough-skin newts were the only salamander that tested positive of Bd. Average prevalence was 11.6% (range: 0% to 71%) and was highly variable among species and among regions. Future surveys will focus on rapid detection and characterization of amphibian mass mortality events to assess the role of Bd in these events.
Analyzing factors distinguishing e-buyers from brick and mortar buyers

Cevrimici alisverise olan ilginin artmasi bu konuyu daha populer bir hale getirmistir. Artik cevrimici alisveris yapan insanlari motive eden faktorlerin belirlenmesi ve geleneksel alisverisi tercih edenlerin neden e-perakendecilerden uzak durdugunun aciklanmasi daha kritik bir hale gelmistir. Bu calismanin amaci da geleneksel tuketicileri cevrimici tuketicilerden ayirt eden faktorlerin belirlenmesidir. Analiz edilen faktorler; Hedonik Alisveris, Urun Riski, Teknolojiye Karsi Tutum ve Kanal Riski olmustur. Calisma Turkiye’de gerceklestirilmistir. Veri 18 yasindan buyuk bireylerden anket kullanilarak toplanmistir. Arastirmanin orneklemini 179 birey olusturmaktadir. Lojistik regresyon ve ANOVA testleri veri uzerinde uygulanmistir. Tuketicilerin magaza tercihlerini tahmin edebilen istatistiki olarak anlamli bir model ortaya konmustur. Temel olarak cevrimici tuketiciler Kanal Riski ve Teknolojiye Karsi Tutum faktorunde geleneksel tuketicilerden ayrismaktadir. Sonuc kisminda yoneticilere yonelik bazi tavsiyeler paylasilmistir.
Materials for Total Joint Arthroplasty: Biotribology of Potential Bearings

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Use of Earthworms for Composting of Sugar Industry Waste

Transformation of industrial sludges into vermicomposts can convert these wastes into valuable products. This study explores the potential of converting the sugar industrial waste into value added fertilizer and vermicompost. A total of six treatments of sugar sludge with different percentages of sludge and cow dung (CD) were prepared with three replicates. The experiment was conducted in plastic pots at 27 ± 3°C and moisture contents were maintained at 70-80%. The treatments were monitored for the nutrient increments, heavy metals reduction (Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni) and growth of earthworms for 90 days. Earthworms survived only in S3 (300 g sugar mill waste + 200 g CD) and S4 (400 g sugar mill waste + 100 g CD). Earthworms caused a significant change in the chemical composition of these treatments. Increase in number and bodyweights of earthworms, pH, EC1:1, N, P, K and heavy metals reduction were significantly (p < 0.05) better in S3 vermicompost as compared to S4. There was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in heavy metal and total organic carbon and increase in pH, EC, N, P and K contents of final vermicomposts of S3 ans S4 than their initial mixtures. Results revealed that chemical properties (pH, EC1:1, N, P & K) and heavy metals contents of sugar vermicomposts were in compliance with the standard end use compost limits and were suitable to be used as effective organic fertilizers and soil conditioners for agriculture purposes.
Identification of Tumoricidal TCRs from Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes by Single-Cell Analysis

Tumoricidal T-cell receptors (TCRs) are key components of some immunotherapies. TCR analysis of single T cells isolated from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes identified TCRs with killing activity in vivo and in vitro, without prior knowledge of their peptide-MHC specificity. T-cell receptor (TCR) gene therapy is a promising next-generation antitumor treatment. We previously developed a single–T-cell analysis protocol that allows the rapid capture of paired TCRα and β cDNAs. Here, we applied the protocol to analyze the TCR repertoire of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) of various cancer patients. We found clonally expanded populations of T cells that expressed the same clonotypic TCR in 50% to 70% of CD137+CD8+ TILs, indicating that they responded to certain antigens in the tumor environment. To assess the tumor reactivity of the TCRs derived from those clonally expanded TILs in detail, we then analyzed the CD137+CD8+ TILs from the tumor of B16F10 melanoma cells in six C57BL/6 mice and analyzed their TCR repertoire. We also found clonally expanded T cells in 60% to 90% of CD137+CD8+ TILs. When the tumor reactivity of dominant clonotypic TCRs in each mouse was analyzed, 9 of 13 TCRs induced the secretion of IFNγ in response to, and showed killing of, B16F10 cells in vitro, and 2 of them showed strong antitumor activity in vivo. Concerning their antigen specificity, 7 of them reacted to p15E peptide of endogenous murine leukemia virus-derived envelope glycoprotein 70, and the rest reacted to tumor-associated antigens expressed on EL4 lymphoma as well as B16 melanoma cells. These results show that our strategy enables us to simply and rapidly obtain the tumor-specific TCR repertoire with high fidelity in an antigen- and MHC haplotype–independent manner from primary TILs. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(4); 378–88. ©2018 AACR.
Parent- and Teacher-Reported Symptoms of ADHD in School-Aged Children With Active Epilepsy: A Population-Based Study

Objective: Provide data on the distribution of parent- and teacher-reported symptoms of ADHD in childhood epilepsy and describe coexisting cognitive and behavioral disorders in children with both epilepsy and ADHD. Method: Eighty-five (74% of those eligible) children (5-15 years) in a population-based sample with active epilepsy underwent psychological assessment. The ADHD Rating Scale–IV (ADHD-RS-IV) scale was completed by parents (n = 69) and teachers (n = 67) of participating children with an IQ > 34. ADHD was diagnosed with respect to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Results: Parents reported significantly more symptoms of ADHD than teachers (p < .001). Symptoms of inattention were more commonly reported than symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity (p < .001). Neurobehavioral comorbidity was similar in those with ADHD and non-ADHD with the exception of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD), which were more common in those with both epilepsy and ADHD. Conclusion: Symptoms of ADHD are very common in childhood epilepsy but prevalence is influenced by informant.
Effect of platelet-rich plasma on patients after blepharoplasty surgery

ABSTRACT Aim: To evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment on patients after blepharoplasty surgery. Materials and methods: After undergoing blepharoplasty, 20 patients were randomly divided into two groups (n = 10 each). One was treated with autologous PRP and the other was not given any post-surgery treatment (basal group). Autologous PRP application was performed intradermically 24 h, 1 month, and 2 months post-surgery, and the outcome of the applications was assessed 1, 2, and 3 months post-surgery. The postoperative wound was assessed on a patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS) by patients and by an unblinded clinical observer. Statistical comparison between the two groups was analyzed by using the Mann–Whitney unpaired, two-tailed test. Significant differences were considered with P ≤ 0.05. Results: Patient-reported data indicate that compared to the basal group, the PRP group showed no significant differences regarding pain, itching, or color, but had better values for stiffness and thickness (months 1 and 2) as well as scar irregularity (month 1). Data reported by the clinical observer showed that in comparison with the basal group, the PRP group showed no differences in vascularization or pigmentation, but had lower (better) scores regarding thickness, relief, and pliability (at all assessment times). The total assessment values from patients and the observer were significantly better for the PRP than the basal group. Conclusion: Autologous PRP treatment enhanced some parameters associated with healing properties, suggesting a potential therapeutic value after blepharoplasty surgery.
Prion Strain Characterization of a Novel Subtype of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

ABSTRACT In 2007, we reported a patient with an atypical form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) heterozygous for methionine-valine (MV) at codon 129 who showed a novel pathological prion protein (PrPTSE) conformation with an atypical glycoform (AG) profile and intraneuronal PrP deposition. In the present study, we further characterize the conformational properties of this pathological prion protein (PrPTSE MVAG), showing that PrPTSE MVAG is composed of multiple conformers with biochemical properties distinct from those of PrPTSE type 1 and type 2 of MV sporadic CJD (sCJD). Experimental transmission of CJD-MVAG to bank voles and gene-targeted transgenic mice carrying the human prion protein gene (TgHu mice) showed unique transmission rates, survival times, neuropathological changes, PrPTSE deposition patterns, and PrPTSE glycotypes that are distinct from those of sCJD-MV1 and sCJD-MV2. These biochemical and experimental data suggest the presence of a novel prion strain in CJD-MVAG. IMPORTANCE Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is caused by the misfolding of the cellular prion protein, which assumes two different major conformations (type 1 and type 2) and, together with the methionine/valine polymorphic codon 129 of the prion protein gene, contribute to the occurrence of distinct clinical-pathological phenotypes. Inoculation in laboratory rodents of brain tissues from the six possible combinations of pathological prion protein types with codon 129 genotypes results in the identification of 3 or 4 strains of prions. We report on the identification of a novel strain of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease isolated from a patient who carried an abnormally glycosylated pathological prion protein. This novel strain has unique biochemical characteristics, does not transmit to humanized transgenic mice, and shows exclusive transmission properties in bank voles. The identification of a novel human prion strain improves our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and of possible mechanisms of prion transmission.
A Procedure to Evaluate the Indoor Global Quality by a Sub Objective-Objective Procedure

This paper proposes two complementary procedures for assessing the indoor global comfort: the first one, prevalently objective, is based on the acquisition of microclimate measured data and computed subjective values; the second one, that is purely subjective, uses a questionnaire drawn from the ISO/DP 10551 Recommendation. An application to some lecture-halls is here showed
Adaptive dynamics of cuticular hydrocarbons in Drosophila

Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) are hydrophobic compounds deposited on the arthropod cuticle that are of functional significance with respect to stress tolerance, social interactions and mating dynamics. We characterized CHC profiles in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster at five levels: across a latitudinal transect in the eastern United States, as a function of developmental temperature during culture, across seasonal time in replicate years, and as a function of rapid evolution in experimental mesocosms in the field. Furthermore, we also characterized spatial and temporal changes in allele frequencies for SNPs in genes that are associated with the production and chemical profile of CHCs. Our data demonstrate a striking degree of parallelism for clinal and seasonal variation in CHCs in this taxon; CHC profiles also demonstrate significant plasticity in response to rearing temperature, and the observed patterns of plasticity parallel the spatiotemporal patterns observed in nature. We find that these congruent shifts in CHC profiles across time and space are also mirrored by predictable shifts in allele frequencies at SNPs associated with CHC chain length. Finally, we observed rapid and predictable evolution of CHC profiles in experimental mesocosms in the field. Together, these data strongly suggest that CHC profiles respond rapidly and adaptively to environmental parameters that covary with latitude and season, and that this response reflects the process of local adaptation in natural populations of D. melanogaster.
Low-Pathogenic Influenza A Viruses in North American Diving Ducks Contribute to the Emergence of a Novel Highly Pathogenic Influenza A(H7N8) Virus

ABSTRACT Introductions of low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses of subtypes H5 and H7 into poultry from wild birds have the potential to mutate to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses, but such viruses' origins are often unclear. In January 2016, a novel H7N8 HPAI virus caused an outbreak in turkeys in Indiana, USA. To determine the virus's origin, we sequenced the genomes of 441 wild-bird origin influenza A viruses (IAVs) from North America and subjected them to evolutionary analyses. The results showed that the H7N8 LPAI virus most likely circulated among diving ducks in the Mississippi flyway during autumn 2015 and was subsequently introduced to Indiana turkeys, in which it evolved high pathogenicity. Preceding the outbreak, an isolate with six gene segments (PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NA, and NS) sharing >99% sequence identity with those of H7N8 turkey isolates was recovered from a diving duck sampled in Kentucky, USA. H4N8 IAVs from other diving ducks possessed five H7N8-like gene segments (PB2, PB1, NA, MP, and NS; >98% sequence identity). Our findings suggest that viral gene constellations circulating among diving ducks can contribute to the emergence of IAVs that affect poultry. Therefore, diving ducks may serve an important and understudied role in the maintenance, diversification, and transmission of IAVs in the wild-bird reservoir. IMPORTANCE In January 2016, a novel H7N8 HPAI virus caused a disease outbreak in turkeys in Indiana, USA. To determine the origin of this virus, we sequenced and analyzed 441 wild-bird origin influenza virus strains isolated from wild birds inhabiting North America. We found that the H7N8 LPAI virus most likely circulated among diving ducks in the Mississippi flyway during autumn 2015 and was subsequently introduced to Indiana turkeys, in which it evolved high pathogenicity. Our results suggest that viral gene constellations circulating among diving ducks can contribute to the emergence of IAVs that affect poultry. Therefore, diving ducks may play an important and understudied role in the maintenance, diversification, and transmission of IAVs in the wild-bird reservoir. Our study also highlights the importance of a coordinated, systematic, and collaborative surveillance for IAVs in both poultry and wild-bird populations.