Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Visualizing Security Properties of Code using Dependence Graphs

This thesis contributes to three research areas in software security, namely security requirements and intrusion prevention via static analysis and runtime detection.We have investigated current practice in security requirements by doing a field study of eleven requirement specifications on IT systems. The conclusion is that security requirements are poorly specified due to three things: inconsistency in the selection of requirements, inconsistency in level of detail, and almost no requirements on standard security solutions. A follow-up interview study addressed the reasons for the inconsistencies and the impact of poor security requirements. It shows that the projects had relied heavily on in-house security competence and that mature producers of software compensate for poor requirements in general but not in the case of security and privacy requirements specific to the customer domain.Further, we have investigated the effectiveness of five publicly available static analysis tools for security. The test results show high rates of false positives for the tools building on lexical analysis and low rates of true positives for the tools building on syntactical and semantical analysis. As a first step toward a more effective and generic solution we propose decorated dependence graphs as a way of modeling and pattern matching security properties of code. The models can be used to characterize both good and bad programming practice as well as visually explain code properties to programmers. We have implemented a prototype tool that demonstrates how such models can be used to detect integer input validation flaws.Finally, we investigated the effectiveness of publicly available tools for runtime prevention of buffer overflow attacks. Our initial comparison showed that the best tool as of 2003 was effective against only 50 % of the attacks and there were six attack forms which none of the tools could handle. A follow-up study includes the release of a buffer overflow testbed which covers 850 attack forms. Our evaluation results show that the most popular, publicly available countermeasures cannot prevent all of these buffer overflow attack forms.
Establishment for Machine Learning in NILM

Nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) is a problem of identifying operating appliances and estimating their energy consumptions based on whole home electric signals. Machine learning concepts and methods have been gradually applied to tackle NILM. A key factor of enabling and advancing machine learning methods in any problem is the availability of proper databases. The Reference Energy Disaggregation Data Set (REDD) is one such initiative example for NILM. In this paper, we extend from this initiative to address three key properties: informative, diverse, and scalable for a database. These properties enable a broader range of application and research of machine learning methods in NILM. The importance of data sets consisting of single appliance, intermediate aggregate appliances, and whole home recordings in developing machine learning methods is also discussed.
Design of a novel dual-band microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.45 GHz and 2.84 GHz with practical implementation

This paper presents the design and analytical studies of a novel dual-band microstrip patch antenna operating at two frequencies of ISM bands: 2.45 GHz and 2.84 GHz. The necessity for multiband antennas is increasing with the demand of wireless communications and as a result, light-weight, low-volume and low-profile microstrip patch antennas have been nourished by the researchers which initiated our design of this proposed antenna. This antenna is characterized well with its parameters i.e. Reflection coefficient (below -10 decibels), voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) (about 1.5), forward gain (above 8.07 decibel with compared to isotropic antenna), radiation pattern etc. which are shown in this paper. The antenna was designed in Numerical Electromagnetic Code (4nec2) design environment and simulated for the antenna parameters. Then it was practically implemented and tested with WATS-2002 (wave and antenna training system). The simulated and tested results show that this antenna is eligible for short range communication like Bluetooth, WLAN, Wi-Fi and so on. This antenna is highly directive, matched with 50 ohms feeding line impedance and has uniform radiation over all the directions, but has a low bandwidth for each of the two bands which can be improved with a modification in the structure and the frequency bands can be changed by adding some parasitic elements.
Trust and Security in RFID-Based Product Authentication Systems

Product authentication is needed to detect counterfeit products and to prevent them from entering the distribution channels of genuine products. Security is a critical property of product authentication systems. In this paper, we study trust and security in RFID-based product authentication systems. We first present a formal definition for product authentication process and then derive the general chain of trust as well as functional and nonfunctional security requirements for product authentication. Most of the scientific literature that covers the topic focuses on cryptographic tag authentication only. This paper, however, provides a broader view including also other known approaches, most notably location-based authentication. To derive the functional security requirements, we employ the concept of misuse cases that extends the use case paradigm well known in the field of requirements engineering. We argue that the level of security of any RFID-based product authentication application is determined by how it fulfills the derived set of functional and nonfunctional requirements. The security of different RFID-based product authentication approaches is analyzed. To study how RFID supports secure product authentication in practice, we investigate how the current EPC standards conform to the functional security requirements of product authentication and show how the unaddressed requirements could be fulfilled. The benefits of implementing a service that detects the cloned tags in the level of the network's core services are identified.
Multiple-valued logic-in-memory VLSI based on ferroelectric capacitor storage and charge addition

A multiple-valued logic-in-memory VLSI using ferroelectric capacitors is proposed to realize an arithmetic-oriented VLSI with real-time programmable capacitor storage. The use of a remnant-polarization charge on a ferroelectric capacitor makes it possible to perform not only a real-time programmable storage function but also a linear-sum function, thereby resulting in a compact hardware while maintaining a high-speed processing capability. As a design example, a full adder with a storage capability is evaluated. Its performance is superior to that of a corresponding binary CMOS implementation.
The Pharmacokinetic Profile of a New Gastroresistant Capsule Preparation of Eicosapentaenoic Acid as the Free Fatty Acid

Supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) may be beneficial for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In this study we analyzed the pharmacokinetic profile of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), as the free fatty acid (FFA), in an enteric-coated preparation, in 10 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 10 Crohn's disease (CD) patients and 15 healthy volunteers (HV). Subjects received 2 g daily of EPA-FFA for 8 weeks. Plasma phospholipid and red blood cell (RBC) membrane fatty acid content were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. There was a rapid incorporation of EPA into plasma phospholipids by 2 weeks and a slower, but highly consistent, incorporation into RBC membranes (4% total fatty acid content; coefficient of variation 10–16%). There was a concomitant reduction in relative n-6 PUFA content. Elongation and desaturation of EPA into docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) via docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) were apparent and DHA content also increased in membranes. EPA-FFA is well tolerated and no difference in the pharmacokinetic profile of n-3 PUFA incorporation was detected between IBD patients and HV. Our data support the concept that EPA can be considered the “universal donor” with respect to key n-3 PUFAs and that this enteric-coated formulation allows long term treatment with a high level of compliance.
Navigating the complex path between the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) and cooperation: an endophenotype approach

Although cooperation represents a core facet of human social behavior there exists considerable variability across people in terms of the tendency to cooperate. One factor that may contribute to individual differences in cooperation is a key gene within the oxytocin (OT) system, the OT reception gene (OXTR). In this article, we aim to bridge the gap between the OXTR gene and cooperation by using an endophenotype approach. We present evidence that the association between the OXTR gene and cooperation may in part be due to how the OXTR gene affects brain systems involved in emotion recognition, empathy/theory of mind, social communication and social reward seeking. There is evidence that the OXTR gene is associated with the functional anatomy of the amygdala, visual cortex (VC), anterior cingulate and superior temporal gyrus (STG). However, it is currently unknown how the OXTR gene may be linked to the functional anatomy of other relevant brain regions that include the fusiform gyrus (FG), superior temporal sulcus (STS), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), temporoparietal junction (TPJ) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc). We conclude by highlighting potential future research directions that may elucidate the path between OXTR and complex behaviors such as cooperation.
Genetic Algorithms and Equations in Free Groups and Semigroups

We give a brief account of some of the traditional ways that genetic algo- rithms have been applied, and explain how our approach to the use of genetic algorithms for solving problems in combinatorial group theory differs. We find that, in our situation, there seems to be a correlation between successful genetic algorithms and the existence of good non-genetic, sometimes deterministic, algorithms. We use a class of equations in free groups as a test bench. In particular, it allows us to trace the convergence of co-evolution of the population of fitness functions to a deterministic solution.
Structural Evolution of Central Pattern Generators for Bipedal Walking in 3D Simulation

Anthropomorphic walking for a simulated bipedal robot has been realized by means of artificial evolution of central pattern generator (CPG) networks. The approach has been investigated through full rigid-body dynamics simulations in 3D of a bipedal robot with 14 degrees of freedom. The half-center CPG model has been used as an oscillator unit, with interconnection paths between oscillators undergoing structural modifications using a genetic algorithm. In addition, the connection weights in a feedback network of predefined structure were evolved. Furthermore, a supporting structure was added to the robot in order to guide the evolutionary process towards natural, human-like gaits. Subsequently, this structure was removed, and the ability of the best evolved controller to generate a bipedal gait without the help of the supporting structure was verified. Stable, natural gait patterns were obtained, with a maximum walking speed of around 0.9 m/s.
Verified Adaptive Octree Representations of Constructive Solid Geometry Objects

Constructive solid geometry (CSG) is a well known modeling technique among geometric modeling systems. Using this technique, an object is represented as a CSG tree with implicit functions at its leaf nodes and set-theoretic operators at its interior nodes. Since implicit functions are test functions for classifying points in space as inside, on or outside an object, recursive subdivision using interval arithmetic, which yields reliable results and allows us to extend those tests to whole parts of the space at once, is provided for constructing validated hierarchical object representation of a CSG object. This object modeling does not depend on the nature of a real solid but only on the chosen maximum level of the hierarchical structure. The adaptivity of the approximation level of the object representation is a useful property and can be used in such applications as in robotic simulations to speed up geometrical computation, like collision detection or distance calculation. In this paper, we discuss a new approach for the construction of validated hierarchical representations of a CSG object. We focus on the reliable enclosure of the object using an extended interval-based octree data structure. The leaf nodes of the tree include additional information about relevant parts of the CSG object. An octree thus obtained is adaptive in the sense that its maximum level can be reﬁned at any further step of processing.
Research challenges in management and compliance of policies on the web

In this paper we argue that policies are an increasing concern for organizations that are operating a web site. Examples of policies that are relevant in the domain of the web address issues such as privacy of personal data, accessibility for the disabled, user conduct, e-commerce, and intellectual property. Web site policies-and the overarching concept of web site governance-are cross-cutting concerns that have to be addressed and implemented at different levels (e.g., policy documents, legal statements, business processes, contracts, auditing, and software systems). For web sites, policies are also reflected in the legal statements that the web site posts, and in the behavior and features that the web site offers to its users. Both policies and software tend to evolve independently, but at the same time they both have to be kept in sync. This is a practical challenge for operators of web sites that is poorly addressed right now and is, we believe, a promising avenue for future research. In this paper, we discuss various challenges that policy poses for web sites with an emphasis on privacy and data protection and identify open issues for future research.
Ab initio crystal structure prediction—I. Rigid molecules

A new methodology for the prediction of molecular crystal structures using only the atomic connectivity of the molecule under consideration is presented. The approach is based on the global minimization of the lattice enthalpy of the crystal. The modeling of the electrostatic interactions is accomplished through a set of distributed charges that are optimally and automatically selected and positioned based on results of quantum mechanical calculations. A four‐step global optimization algorithm is used for the identification of the local minima of the lattice enthalpy surface. A parallelized implementation of the algorithm permits a much more extensive search of the solution space than has hitherto been possible, allowing the identification of crystal structures in less frequently occurring space groups and with more than one molecule in the asymmetric unit. The algorithm has been applied successfully to the prediction of the crystal structures of 3‐aza‐bicyclo(3.3.1)nonane‐2,4‐dione (P21/a, Z′ = 1), allopurinol (P21/c, Z′ = 1), 1,3,4,6,7,9‐hexa‐azacycl(3.3.3)azine (Pbca, Z′ = 2), and triethylenediamine (P63/m, Z′ = 1). In all cases, the experimentally known structure is among the most stable predicted structures, but not necessarily the global minimum. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 26: 304–324, 2005
Low Power and High Performance VLSI Interconnects By Schmitt Trigger Technique In Nanoscale Regime

In this thesis, we address the interconnect problem in the deep sub-micron (DSM) regime. In VLSI interconnects to restore the input signal affected by the parasitic buffers are placed in between interconnects. But buffers has a certain switching time that contribute the overall signal delay and crosstalk delay. The designs of sized logic and repeater insertion for improved delay, power and placement are implemented by using both Schmitt trigger and buffer insertion. In this work replacement of sized logic with buffers with Schmitt trigger based on sizing is proposed for the signal restoration and to reduce delay. Because of adjustable threshold voltage Vth of Schmitt trigger the delay and power can be reduced in interconnects when compared to buffers. HSPICE simulations are carried out for the different PTM based on sized logic shows that Schmitt trigger with sized logic gives 12.45 % less delay when compared to buffer sized logic and also average power reduced to 5.09 % in case of Schmitt trigger when compared to sized logic of buffer.
Efficient SIMD code generation for irregular kernels

Array indirection causes several challenges for compilers to utilize single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) instructions. Disjoint memory references, arbitrarily misaligned memory references, and dependence cycles in loops are main challenges to handle for SIMD compilers. Due to those challenges, existing SIMD compilers have excluded loops with array indirection from their candidate loops for SIMD vectorization. However, addressing those challenges is inevitable, since many important compute-intensive applications extensively use array indirection to reduce memory and computation requirements. In this work, we propose a method to generate efficient SIMD code for loops containing indirected memory references. We extract both inter- and intra-iteration parallelism, taking data reorganization overhead into consideration. We also optimally place data reorganization code in order to amortize the reorganization overhead through the performance gain of SIMD vectorization. Experiments on four array indirection kernels, which are extracted from real-world scientific applications, show that our proposed method effectively generates SIMD code for irregular kernels with array indirection. Compared to the existing SIMD vectorization methods, our proposed method significantly improves the performance of irregular kernels by 91%, on average.
Expectation as a Mediator of User Satisfaction

An important issue when evaluating an information retrieval tool is the satisfaction of the tool’s users. While there are many factors that affect satisfaction, we advocate that a user’s expectation, with respect to a query’s response, is a key mediator of their satisfaction. We validate this perspective by measuring individuals’ expectation, judgment of response quality and satisfaction level for a set of four queries. Our experiment indicates that the difference between response quality and expectation significantly correlates with user satisfaction for all four queries. As well, the experiment demonstrates the effectiveness of a within-subjects measure to account for a variety of extraneous factors resulting from the characteristics and preferences of individual tool users.
Do Platform Switching Together with Subcrestal Placement have a Benefit on Marginal Bone Levels Around Dental Implants?

Amac: Bu retrospektif calismanin amaci ozel klinige basvuran tam veya kismi dissiz hastalara uygulanan subkrestal ve platform switch dental implantlarin etrafindaki marjinal kemik seviyelerini tespit etmektir. Gerec ve Yontemler: Ortalama 5.3±1.7 yildir fonksiyonda olan 200 dental implanta sahip 64 hasta bu calismaya dahil edilmistir. Implantlar tek ya da cift asamali cerrahi yontemle 0,5 mm subkrestal yerlestirilmistir. Implantlarin dagilimi, boyutlari, protetik restorasyon tipleri ve marjinal kemik seviyeleri kalibre edilmis tek bir arastirmaci tarafindan yapilmistir. Bugular: Genel olarak ortalama marjinal kemik kaybi 0.82±1.6 mm olarak bulundu. Implantlarin %66’sinda (n=81) kemik kaybi gorulmezken, %28’inde (n=35) >1 mm kemik kaybi, %20’sinde (n=25) >2 mm kemik kaybi goruldu. Ortlama 1-≤3 yildir fonksiyonda olan 18 implantin 14’unde kemik kaybi gorulmedi. Ortalama 3-≤5 yildir fonksiyonda olan implantlarin %25’inde (n=15) kemik kaybi >1 mm ve %12’sine (n=7) kemik kaybi >2 mm olarak bulundu. Bu calismada implantlarin buyuk bir cogunlugunun 5 yildan fazladir fonksiyonda oldugu tespit edildi (n=122). Bunlardan %66’sinda (n=81) kemik kaybi gorulmezken, %28’inde (n=35) >1 mm kemik kaybi ve %20’sinde (n=25) >2 mm kemik kaybi goruldu. Sonuc: Bu retrospektif calismanin sinirlari dahilinde, uzun bir takip donemi sonucunda platform switch ve subkrestal yerlestirilen implantlar etrafinda oldukca az kemik kaybi goruldugu soylenebilir. Ancak, bu bulguyu desteklemek icin daha fazla calismaya ihtiyac duyulmaktadir.
Neuroplasticity in Music Learning

Studies conducted during the last three decades have identified numerous differences between musicians and non-musicians in neural correlates of sensory, motor, and higher-order cognitive functions. Research employing event-related potentials/fields has been particularly important in this framework. This chapter reviews the evidence that has emerged from these studies with emphasis on longitudinal studies comparing functional brain development in children taking music lessons and those engaged in non-musical activities. The literature provides empirical and theoretical grounds for concluding that musical training enhances sound encoding skills that are relevant for both music and speech processing. The question whether the benefits of musical training transfer to more distantly related cognitive functions remains controversial, however. Finally, it appears likely that training-induced plasticity alone does not account for the differences in brain function between musicians and non-musicians and, conversely, that predisposing factors also play a role.
Detection of three Allexivirus species infecting garlic in Brazil

Garlic viruses often occur in mixed infections under field conditions. In this study, garlic samples collected in three geographical areas of Brazil were tested by Dot-ELISA for the detection of allexiviruses using monoclonal specific antibodies to detect Garlic virus A (GarV-A), Garlic virus B (GarV-B), Garlic virus C (GarV-C) and a polyclonal antiserum able to detect the three virus species mentioned plus Garlic virus D (GarV-D). The detected viruses were biologically isolated by successive passages through Chenopodium quinoa. Reverse Transcriptase Polimerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using primers designed from specific regions of the coat protein genes of Japanese allexiviruses available in the Genetic Bank of National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI). By these procedures, individual garlic virus genomes were isolated and sequenced. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence analysis and the one with serological data revealed the presence of three distinct allexiviruses GarV-C, GarV-D and a recently described allexivirus, named Garlic mite-borne filamentous virus (GarMbFV), in Brazil.