Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entertainment feature of a game using skin conductance response

There are many computer games in the world, but generally game players challenge either the computer, or real players in the case of many person games. In view of the strong connectivity advocated between communication and entertainment in the field of entertainment computing, the use of biological signals for computer games is of interest. Here, a novel type of game using biological signals was developed as an entertainment device. The change in skin conductance caused by sweating was measured as a signal reflecting the player's agitation during the game. This type of game incorporates various characteristics relating to communication. First, players of the game challenge themselves because they are able to view their detected biological signals. In this situation, a kind of self-reference system is constructed. Second, the environments in which the game is played changed how the game was enjoyed. Third, the game system reveals differences of context between player and observer. From these characteristics, it is considered that the use of biological signals is attractive for entertainment computing.
Cognitive Analytics: A Step Towards Tacit Knowledge?

Tacit Knowledge (TK) generally refers to information that is difficult to convey, store, or transfer explicitly. KT is a key challenge for corporations interested in capturing information in Knowledge Management (KM) systems that is generally lost with attrition or other human factors (e.g., dimensia). In particular, the challenge is in the capture of implicit information (e.g., additional related data, perspectives, and other frames of reference) – in a manner in which it can later be utilized. This paper suggests the use of Cognitive Computing (Analytics) as an advanced approach to capture and extract tacit knowledge. KM involves the process of identifying, capturing, extending, sharing, and ultimately exploiting individual or organizational knowledge. Today’s KM requires a multi-disciplinary approach, capable of extending itself to deal with large volumes of disparate data types and emerging technologies that provide a broad set of search and analytics capabilities to meet an organization’s need to innovate and thrive. Many organizations have extended their KM to include a variety of unstructured text (e.g., documents and web pages) and multimedia (e.g., pictures, audio and video). The last decade has shown a strong focus on analytics. Analytics provide large organizations the ability to deal with the exponential growth in data volumes and the complexities associated with effectively and efficiently exploiting corporate or organizational data – thus allowing them to dynamically meet internal goals, as well as survive in very competitive environments. This paper provides an overview of various analytic approaches that have been applied to KM over the years, and the state of the art in analytics (Cognitive Computing); and it identifies additional capabilities and technologies in the horizon.
Characterization of Double Potentials During Ventricular Tachycardia Studies During Transient Entrainment

BackgroundDouble potentials have been recorded during reentrant tachycardias in animal models. Although they have also been recorded during ventricular tachycardia in humans, their meaning is uncertain. Methods and ResultsWe used transient entrainment as a method to help further understand the meaning of double potentials recorded during ventricular tachycardia in humans. Three patients with ventricular tachycardia (cycle lengths, 500, 450, and 290 msec) were studied. During transient entrainment of ventricular tachycardia (pacing cycle length, 470-260 msec), both double potential deflections were captured at the pacing cycle length. One deflection was captured with a short activation time, and the other deflection was captured with a long activation time. During ventricular pacing, the deflections were associated by the long rather than the short interdeflection interval. At termination of pacing, each double potential deflection was associated with separate but sequential QRS complexes, and each deflection maintained the same electrogram morphology at relatively “slow” overdrive pacing rates. The short interdeflection interval shortened further with faster pacing rates (to less than the ventricular refractory period), making it unlikely that both deflections of the double potential represent active depolarization of the same tissue. In two patients, at a critically rapid pacing rate, one of the double potential deflections changed morphology abruptly, associated with a shortened stimulus-to-double potential time interval (from 520 to 110 msec and from 530 to 240 msec, respectively), indicating a change in the direction of activation that caused that deflection. Interruption of ventricular tachycardia was associated with disappearance of the double potentials at the same recording site. The double potentials did not immediately bracket an area of slow conduction. ConclusionThese data suggest that double potentials recorded only during ventricular tachycardia represent activation wave fronts on either side of an area of block within a reentrant circuit. Thus, double potentials recorded during ventricular tachycardia in these patients do not appear to represent slow conduction per se but rather appear to represent an area of block at the center of a reentrant circuit around which the reentrant wave front circulates.
Cyclophilin D Deficiency Rescues Axonal Mitochondrial Transport in Alzheimer’s Neurons

Normal axonal mitochondrial transport and function is essential for the maintenance of synaptic function. Abnormal mitochondrial motility and mitochondrial dysfunction within axons are critical for amyloid β (Aβ)-induced synaptic stress and the loss of synapses relevant to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the mechanisms controlling axonal mitochondrial function and transport alterations in AD remain elusive. Here, we report an unexplored role of cyclophilin D (CypD)-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) in Aβ-impaired axonal mitochondrial trafficking. Depletion of CypD significantly protects axonal mitochondrial motility and dynamics from Aβ toxicity as shown by increased axonal mitochondrial density and distribution and improved bidirectional transport of axonal mitochondria. Notably, blockade of mPTP by genetic deletion of CypD suppresses Aβ-mediated activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, reverses axonal mitochondrial abnormalities, improves synaptic function, and attenuates loss of synapse, suggesting a role of CypD-dependent signaling in Aβ-induced alterations in axonal mitochondrial trafficking. The potential mechanisms of the protective effects of lacking CypD on Aβ-induced abnormal mitochondrial transport in axon are increased axonal calcium buffer capability, diminished reactive oxygen species (ROS), and suppressing downstream signal transduction P38 activation. These findings provide new insights into CypD-dependent mitochondrial mPTP and signaling on mitochondrial trafficking in axons and synaptic degeneration in an environment enriched for Aβ.
Intangible Investments and the Pricing of Corporate SGA Expenses

This study examined whether the market fully prices the reported Selling, General, and Administrative (SGA) expenses when this item includes an intangible investment component. For a sample of intangible investment-intensive firms, we showed that their SGA expenses benefit future operating performances. Evidence suggests some degree of market inefficiency in the pricing of SGA expenses and the intangible investment component. Furthermore, the financial analysts do not appear to appreciate fully the future benefits of the component in their earnings forecasts. Finally, the pertinent disclosures in firms’ annual reports are so inadequate as to attenuate the market mispricing, suggesting a significant room for future improvement.
Different types of mucosal adaptation in the ileal reservoir after restorative proctocolectomy

A histomorphologic study of the pelvic pouch mucosa during the first two years of function was performed in 11 consecutive patients treated for ulcerative colitis. Two types of mucosal adaptation were delineated. Type A response (5 patients) showed stable slight atrophy, normal numbers of goblet cells, and numerous sulphated mucin positive cells. The frequency of mitoses was higher than in the normal ileum. The degree of acute and chronic inflammation was low and decreasing or stable. Dysplasia was never seen. Type B response (5 patients) comprised progressive, finally severe atrophy accompanied by increasing degree of acute inflammation. The number of mitoses was higher than in type A response. In two patients the number of goblet cells was moderately/severely decreased and epithelial atypia or low grade dysplasia occurred repeatedly. The response was regarded as indeterminate in one patient. The determination of the types of mucosal adaptation may help in the planning of the follow‐up of these patients.
Post-ruminal or intravenous infusions of carbohydrates or amino acids to dairy cows 2. Late lactation.

The objectives of this study were to compare the effects of post-ruminal and intravenous infusions of wheat starch or glucose (CHO) or a mixture of amino acids (AA) on milk protein yield, nitrogen (N) utilisation, plasma metabolites and mammary extraction rate of dairy cows in late lactation. Eight cow, ruminally fistulated, was assigned to two 4 × 4 Latin squares during 14-day periods, where the last 7 days were for infusions. Infusions were: (1) starch in the abomasum (SP), (2) glucose in the blood (GB), (3) AA in the abomasum (AP), and (4) AA in the blood (AB). The experiment started 165 ± 4 days (mean ± s.e.) post partum (milk yield 22.5 ± 1.1 kg) Daily amounts of nutrients infused were 257, 283, 233, and 260 g for SP, GB, AP and AB, respectively. The cows were fed a basal diet consisting of a concentrate mixture and grass silage (55:45 on a dry-matter (DM) basis), where total dry-matter intake (DMI) was 13.3 kg/day. Milk production was affected by site of infusion within substrate, whereas infusion substrates within infusion site (CHO or AA) were of minor importance. Responses to intravenous infusions (GB or AB) were similar to those in early lactation, but more pronounced. Compared with SP infusion, GB infusion increased ( P < 0.05) milk yield, energy-corrected milk (ECM), protein and lactose yield by 1.4 and 0.9 kg, 38 and 59 g, respectively. The AB infusion had 1.4 and 1.3 kg, 51, 52 and 50 g higher ( P < 0.05) milk yield, ECM, protein, fat and lactose yields than the AP infusion, respectively. N balance data indicated higher losses of metabolic faecal nitrogen (MFN) by abomasal than by intravenous infusions, but the catabolism of AA was lower than in early lactation indicated by no difference ( P < 0.05) in urinary N excretion between treatments. Intravenous AA infusion increased plasma glucose and insulin above that of intravenous glucose infusion. The treatment effects on plasma insulin concentrations were higher in late than in early lactation, suggesting a higher sensitivity in late lactation even at similar negative energy balance. Compared with the SP infusion, GB infusion showed lower ( P < 0.05) concentrations of essential AA (EAA) and branched-chain AA (BCAA) resulting in a higher AA utilisation because of a higher milk protein production. AP infusion increased ( P < 0.05) plasma non-essential AA concentration compared with AB infusion, but infusion site of AA had no effect ( P>0.05) on plasma EAA or BCAA. It is concluded that it is the nutrient supply and not the lactation stage per se that is important for the response in milk production. Nevertheless, stage of lactation affects the N metabolism and the response in plasma hormone concentrations even when cows are in negative energy balance in both lactation stages.
Extraction of Parallel Corpora from Comparable Corpora Survey Report by

The size and quality of the parallel corpus used for training, greatly impacts the quality of translation of an SMT system. But, there are very few sources of parallel corpora for many language pairs. This is a major hurdle in the development of good SMT systems. To alleviate this problem, comparable or non-parallel corpora, which are largely available, can be exploited to extract parallel data. We study the recent work done in this area, and explore various approaches for extraction of parallel sentences, parallel fragments of sentences and bilingual lexicons from comparable corpora.
Mitochondrial targeting sequence variants of the CHCHD2 gene are a risk for Lewy body disorders

Objective: To assess the role of CHCHD2 variants in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and Lewy body disease (LBD) in Caucasian populations. Methods: All exons of the CHCHD2 gene were sequenced in a US Caucasian patient-control series (878 PD, 610 LBD, and 717 controls). Subsequently, exons 1 and 2 were sequenced in an Irish series (355 PD and 365 controls) and a Polish series (394 PD and 350 controls). Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence studies were performed on pathologic LBD cases with rare CHCHD2 variants. Results: We identified 9 rare exonic variants of unknown significance. These variants were more frequent in the combined group of PD and LBD patients compared to controls (0.6% vs 0.1%, p = 0.013). In addition, the presence of any rare variant was more common in patients with LBD (2.5% vs 1.0%, p = 0.050) compared to controls. Eight of these 9 variants were located within the gene's mitochondrial targeting sequence. Conclusions: Although the role of variants of the CHCHD2 gene in PD and LBD remains to be further elucidated, the rare variants in the mitochondrial targeting sequence may be a risk factor for Lewy body disorders, which may link CHCHD2 to other genetic forms of parkinsonism with mitochondrial dysfunction.
Numerical Investigation of Magnetic Nanoparticles Trajectories for Magnetic Drug Targeting

In this work, the trajectories and capturing of magnetic nanoparticles coated with drug agent are investigated for drug targeting application. Nanoparticles are injected at the entrance of a microvessel and captured by a permanent magnet located at a specified location where tumor exists. The problem is divided into two steps; blood flow solution and nanoparticles trajectory solution. The blood flow in microvessel is obtained both analytically and numerically. Integration of nanoparticles equations of motion to obtain the trajectories is performed using both Matlab and ANSYS Fluent. Discrete Phase Model (DPM) in ANSYS Fluent is used for nanoparticles tracking. The dominant magnetization and drag forces acting on magnetic particles are incorporated to study the trajectories of magnetic particles. Parametric studies for steady flow with single point and multiple point injections are conducted. This includes varying particle diameter and magnet location. Critical minimum diameter for capturing is predicted. Capturing efficiency is reported for all cases. It is found that particle trajectories are strongly dependent on particle size and location of the magnet. The simulation can be used to determine the optimum particle size for treating a tumor, given its size and location.
Low-complexity index assignments for secure quantization

Focusing on the design of scalar quantizers for secure communication in a wiretap environment we propose a low-complexity encoding method that minimizes the end-to-end distortion between legitimate terminals while maximizing the distortion at the eavesdropping receiver. The key idea is to generate confusion by means of randomized index assignments. A simple iterative optimization scheme is shown to yield low distortion mappings with noticeable privacy benefits.
Identification of Antigen-Capturing Cells as Basophils1

Binding of intact Ag is a hallmark of Ag-specific B cells. Apart from B cells, a small number of non-B cells can bind Ag with comparable efficacy as B cells and are found in the peripheral blood, spleen, and bone marrow of mice. This population has been observed for a long time and recently named “Ag-capturing cells. ” Their identity remained enigmatic. In this study, we show that these cells are basophilic granulocytes. Their ability to capture Ags is dependent on surface IgE receptors and on Ag-specific plasma IgE molecules appearing after immunization. Several surface markers including surface bound IgE, IL-3R, CD45, CD16/32, and the chemokine receptor CCR2 were used to clearly identify these cells. Cross-linkage of surface Igs results in the release of large amounts of IL-4 and IL-6. The data identify basophils as Ag-capturing cells and support the concept of basophils as important regulators of humoral immune responses.
Influences of Power Electronic Converters on Voltage–Current Behaviors During Faults in DGUs—Part II: Photovoltaic Systems

Photovoltaic (PV) systems have become a popular type of distributed generation units (DGUs) for small and medium levels of renewable energy generation. When grid connected, these DGUs are designed and operated to deliver electric power to their host grid through power electronic converters. The nonlinear and switched natures, along with the control actions, of these PECs can influence the voltage-current behaviors during faults in grid-connected PV systems. This paper experimentally investigates the voltage-current behaviors during faults occurring in grid-connected PV systems. Results of these investigation show that voltages and currents at the point-of-common-coupling (PCC) experience changes in their magnitudes and harmonic distortions due to faults occurring on both sides of PCC. These results can be incorporated in the improvement of the accuracy and reliability of protective devices used for grid-connected PV systems.
Improving the AJCC/TNM Staging for Adenocarcinomas of the Appendix: The Prognostic Impact of Histological Grade

Purpose:Though histological grade is known to have a major prognostic impact in metastatic mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinomas, the prognostic impact of grade in localized disease, and the validity of the American Joint Committee on Cancer AJCC Staging Manual 7th edition's decision to combine moderately and poorly differentiated mucinous adenocarcinomas into a single mucinous high-grade category, is not known. Methods:Patients with adenocarcinoma of the appendix diagnosed between 1988 and 2007 were identified from the SEER database. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) stratified by histological subtype, stage, and grade was calculated, and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed. Results:We analyzed a total of 2469 appendiceal adenocarcinomas, of which 1375 had mucinous histology and 860 had nonmucinous histology. Though overall CSS was similar for mucinous and nonmucinous subtypes, differences in stage distribution and stage-stratified CSS were seen. Female sex, stage IV disease, and well-differentiated histology were more common for mucinous adenocarcinomas. Histological grade had a strong prognostic impact, especially in patients with stage IV mucinous adenocarcinoma. The adjusted hazard ratios for stage IV moderately and poorly differentiated histological grade were 1.63 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14–2.34] and 4.94 (95% CI: 3.32–7.35) for mucinous histology, in comparison with 1.44 (95% CI: 0.82–2.52) and 1.90 (95% CI: 0.95–3.80) for nonmucinous histology, respectively. Conclusions:The strong prognostic impact of histological grade for mucinous adenocarcinomas is primarily restricted to stage IV disease. Stage IV moderately and poorly differentiated mucinous adenocarcinomas have distinctly different CSS and these data do not support the combination of these 2 histological grades in the recent AJCC Staging Manual 7th edition.
Performance Analysis of Hybrid Coded Cooperation in Wireless Networks

Relay-assisted transmission schemes for wireless networks are continuing to grow because of their potential of providing the benefits of space diversity. This paper applies hybrid relaying protocols to coded cooperation which is a combined scheme of user cooperation and channel codes. The hybrid relaying protocol adaptively uses the amplify-and-forward and decode-and-forward whether a relay decodes successfully or not. To apply hybrid relaying to coded cooperation, we solve disadvantage of conventional protocols which have unbalance error protection and achieve additional path diversity by using AF scheme. We call this scheme as Hybrid coded cooperation. We derive outage probability and bit error probability of new coded cooperation and show that new schemes outperform various conventional schemes.
Lpcat3-dependent production of arachidonoyl phospholipids is a key determinant of triglyceride secretion

The role of specific phospholipids (PLs) in lipid transport has been difficult to assess due to an inability to selectively manipulate membrane composition in vivo. Here we show that the phospholipid remodeling enzyme lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 (Lpcat3) is a critical determinant of triglyceride (TG) secretion due to its unique ability to catalyze the incorporation of arachidonate into membranes. Mice lacking Lpcat3 in the intestine fail to thrive during weaning and exhibit enterocyte lipid accumulation and reduced plasma TGs. Mice lacking Lpcat3 in the liver show reduced plasma TGs, hepatosteatosis, and secrete lipid-poor very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) lacking arachidonoyl PLs. Mechanistic studies indicate that Lpcat3 activity impacts membrane lipid mobility in living cells, suggesting a biophysical basis for the requirement of arachidonoyl PLs in lipidating lipoprotein particles. These data identify Lpcat3 as a key factor in lipoprotein production and illustrate how manipulation of membrane composition can be used as a regulatory mechanism to control metabolic pathways. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.06557. 001
Toward multilevel textual requirements traceability using model-driven engineering and information retrieval

In complex industrial projects, textual information remains the main vector of information at the project level. Consequently, requirements are scattered throughout multiple documents expressing different levels of requirements and different kinds of requirements. Formalizing this information and tracing different relationships among documents and organizing this environment present a challenging question. Domain-specific modeling and traceability modeling are Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) techniques that could address various aspects of requirements formalization. Text-based high level requirements can be formalized as document concepts can be gathered and represented. Still, relationships cannot always be determined using sole MDE approaches and, as a consequence, relationships and traceability issue remains. Information retrieval (IR) approaches have already proved to work in an efficient way on large text corpora for requirements traceability analysis but do only consider similarity aspects of flatten documents, losing their organization and hierarchy. This paper aims to introduce how a combined use of both MDE and IR can lead to improved requirements organization and traceability while handling textual ambiguous requirements documents.
Electroporation Therapy of Head and Neck Cancer

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of electroporation therapy and present our results from using this new technique combined with intralesional bleomycin in head and neck cancer patients. Electroporation therapy is a technique wherein high-voltage electric impulses delivered into a neoplasm transiently increase cell membrane permeability to large molecules, including cytotoxic agents. In this phase I/II study, extremely low-dose bleomycin sulfate was electroporated into head and neck malignant neoplasms in 10 patients. Tumor responses included 2 nonresponders, 3 partial responders, and 5 complete responders, with a mean follow-up of 40 weeks. We conclude that this technique offers promising possibilities in the local treatment of head and neck cancer.