Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variability in residual feed intake, nutrient utilisation and blood parametersin Murrah buffalo calves fed on total mixed ration

The present study was conducted on 18 female Murrah buffalo calves divided into two treatment groups to determine the residual feed intake, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolite parameters when fed with ration containing wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw, berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) fodder as roughages and concentrate mixture to meet their requirements. Regular recording of body weight and feed intake was done during 90-day trial period. Residual feed intake (RFI) values were determined for individual animals based on which they were divided into low and high RFI groups. DM intake was lower in low RFI animals than high RFI animals. The blood glucose level and growth hormone level in low and high RFI group was comparable in both groups. Low RFI group had greater concentration of creatinine (1.62 vs. 1.21 mg/dL) as well as IGF-1 (136.70 vs. 120.38 ng/mL) whereas, concentration of total plasma protein level (6.80 vs 7.43 g/dL), albumin (3.46 vs 3.71 g/dl), aspartate aminotransferase (102.20 vs. 122.60 IU/L) and cortisol (3.48 vs. 5.32 ng/mL) were lesser in low RFI group with respect to high RFI group, indicating a positive correlation of RFI with total plasma protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase and cortisol and a negative correlation with plasma creatinine and IGF-1 levels in female Murrah buffalo calves. It was concluded that low RFI group of female Murrah buffalo calves showed better performance when fed with total mixed ration.
Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks of Stikinia exposed in northwestern British Columbia: Implications for correlations in the northern Cordillera

Stikinia is a tectonostratigraphic terrane in the Canadian Cordillera that formed in a volcanic arc environment during Paleozoic and Mesozoic time. Until now, the Paleozoic rocks that form a semicontinuous belt along its western margin (Stikine assemblage) were only recognized in a restricted area in northern British Columbia, between the Stikine and Taku river areas. In contrast, Mesozoic Stikinia rocks form an almost continuous belt that extends much farther to the north, leading some authors to question the nature of the unexposed Paleozoic basement north of the Taku River area. The following correlations have significant implications for tectonic reconstructions of the northern Cordillera because they suggest that Stikinia9s Paleozoic volcanic-sedimentary basement is more widespread than previously thought. On the basis of similar rock types and lithologic associations, six new U-Pb zircon dates, and the common intrusive relationship with 184–195 Ma plutons, the Stikine assemblage is correlated with the Boundary Ranges suite, a metamorphosed Paleozoic volcanic assemblage exposed in the Tagish Lake area, north of the Taku River and south of the Yukon–British Columbia border. The recognition of the Boundary Ranges suite and the Jurassic plutons that intruded it (Tagish Lake suite) as part of Stikinia has implications for the age and character of the Stikinia–Tracy Arm terrane boundary because the Boundary Ranges and Tagish Lake suites form the footwall of a major Middle Jurassic shear zone that carried the continental margin–like rocks of the Tracy Arm terrane in its hanging wall. This correlation also implies that the late Paleozoic basement to the Mesozoic Stikinia arc is not a continental margin assemblage, at least as far north as the British Columbia–Yukon border, and possibly farther. The Boundary Ranges suite, and therefore the Stikine assemblage, are also tentatively correlated with parts of the Yukon-Tanana terrane in Yukon (Aishihik Lake area), parts of the Taku terrane in southeast Alaska, and undivided metamorphic rocks in west-central British Columbia. Differences in the isotopic signatures of these rocks may reflect along-strike changes in the character of the basement rocks of the late Paleozoic Stikinia volcanic arc.
Deep Learning-Empowered Robot Vision for Efficient Robotic Grasp Detection and Defect Elimination in Industry 4.0

: Robot vision, enabled by Deep Learning breakthroughs, is gaining momentum in the industry 4.0 digitization process. The present investigation describes a robotic grasp detection application that makes use of a two-ﬁ nger gripper and an RGB-D camera linked to a collaborative robot. The visual recognition system, which is integrated with edge computing units, conducts image recognition for faulty items as well as calculates the position of the robot arm. Identifying deformities in object photos, training and testing the images with a modi ﬁ ed version of the You Look Only Once (YOLO) method and establishing defect borders are all part of the process. Signals are subsequently sent to the robotic manipulator to remove the faulty components. The adopted technique used in this system is trained on custom data and has demonstrated high accuracy and low latency performance as it reached a detection accuracy of 96% with 96.6 of correct grasp accuracy.
Iterative segmentation and propagation based interactive video object segmentation

Interactive video object segmentation (iVOS), which aims to efficiently produce high-quality segmentation masks of the target object in a video with user interactions. Recently, numerous works are proposed to advance the task of iVOS. However, their usages on user intent are limited. First, typical modules usually try to direct generate the segmentation without any further exploration on the input interaction, which misses valuable information. Second, recent iVOS approaches also do not consider the raw interactive information. As a result, the final segmentation results will be poisoned by the erroneous information given by the previous round’s segmentation masks. To solve the aforementioned weaknesses, in this paper, an Iterative Segmentation and Propagation based iVOS method is proposed to conduct better user intent exploration, namely ISP. ISP directly models user intent into the PGI2M module and TP module. Specifically, ISP first extracts a coarse-grained segmentation mask by analyzing the user’s input. Subsequently, this mask is used as a prior to aid the PGI2M module. Secondly, ISP presents a new interaction-driven self-attention module to recall the user’s intent in the TP module. Extensive experiments on two public datasets show the superiority of ISP over existing methods.
WRR4B contributes to a broad‐spectrum disease resistance against powdery mildew in Arabidopsis

Abstract Oidium heveae HN1106, a powdery mildew (PM) that infects rubber trees, has been found to trigger disease resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana through ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1)‐, PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 4 (PAD4)‐ and salicylic acid (SA)‐mediated signalling pathways. In this study, a typical TOLL‐INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR, NUCLEOTIDE‐BINDING, LEUCINE‐RICH REPEAT (TIR‐NB‐LRR)‐encoding gene, WHITE RUST RESISTANCE 4 (WRR4B), was identified to be required for the resistance against O. heveae in Arabidopsis. The expression of WRR4B was upregulated by O. heveae inoculation, and WRR4B positively regulated the expression of genes involved in SA biosynthesis, such as EDS1, PAD4, ICS1 (ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE 1), SARD1 (SYSTEMIC‐ACQUIRED RESISTANCE DEFICIENT 1) and CBP60g (CALMODULIN‐BINDING PROTEIN 60 G). Furthermore, WRR4B triggered self‐amplification, suggesting that WRR4B mediated plant resistance through taking part in the SA‐based positive feedback loop. In addition, WRR4B induced an EDS1‐dependent hypersensitive response in Nicotiana benthamiana and contributed to disease resistance against three other PM species: Podosphaera xanthii, Erysiphe quercicola and Erysiphe neolycopersici, indicating that WRR4B is a broad‐spectrum disease resistance gene against PMs.
An Improved Method for Reduction of Voltage Distortion in IPM EV Motors for a Better Flux Weakening Capability

There is a growing interest in interior type permanent magnet (IPM) with electric mobility transformation. High speed capability and power density are the main features of IPM motors. Special motor control techniques such as field weakening (FW) and maximum torque per voltage (MTPV) are applied to these motors for high speed operation. Motor terminal voltage is the most critical control parameter of these motor control techniques. Terminal voltage distortion is another important parameter in the literature. Especially in the FW and MTPV regions, the terminal voltage distortion increases with the effect of the armature reaction. In this study, the reduction of terminal voltage distortion in IPM motors has been analyzed for the first time in the literature in both FW and MTPV regions for e-mobility application. An improved method is proposed to reduce the terminal voltage distortion level of the reference IPM EV motor, which has a round rotor structure. This method proposes pole shoe rotor topology that directly affects the harmonics of the air gap field and the motor terminal voltage. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is performed during the design phase. The proposed rotor structure is prototyped. Performance results are obtained to verify the FEA results. According to the experimental results, d-axis current ripple is reduced by nearly 10% at 6000 rpm and 5% at 12000 rpm, q-axis current ripple is reduced nearly 20% at 6000 rpm and 7% at 12000 rpm. The terminal voltage ripple is reduced by nearly 11% at 6000 rpm and 3% at 12000 rpm as a result of the proposed method.
Social Identity Construction: Experiences of Teenage Students with Physical Disabilities in Pakistan Society for the Rehabilitation of Disabled Social Identity Construction

Social identity is considered a dynamic and life-changing process. Individuals with physical disabilities learn and adapt to their environment. Their experiences help them cope with disability and in the development of their social identity. This research has been pursued with qualitative research design, and its underpinning lies in epistemological constructivism, where individuals give specific meaning to their experiences to understand social reality. Two theories have been used in the theoretical framework of this research: social identity theory and the looking-glass-self theory. This research strived to understand the phenomenon of social identity and how it affected individuals with physical disabilities in their lives.20 participants between the ages of 12 to 18 years were interviewed. The rationale for selecting this specific group was to understand the concept of self at the initial stages as it would grow as they grow up. This study was conducted at the Pakistan Society for the Rehabilitation of the Disabled (PSRD) in Lahore. The data was collected through in-depth interviews which were recorded and transcribed to gain insights. Three themes emerged from the interviews: experiences and views regarding one’s social identity, the role and influence of educational institutions and the environment of said institutions, and the role and influence of vocational skills in identity construction. The results of this research showed that the role of educational institutions, the environment of institutions, and the vocational training of the individuals played a substantial role in shaping their social identity. Respondents described how their self-actualization experiences, educational institutions, and vocational training helped them to construct identity.
Microscopic modelling of walking behaviour

How to model and simulate large pedestrian facilities accurately? This dissertation answers this question by analysing current pedestrian models and expanding one. The developed model (Nomad) describes pedestrians as individuals that minimise walking efforts. The model is expanded including behaviours that correspond to activities performed in pedestrian facilities such as train stations and airports. The model is calibrated and validated using a novel methodology that obtain parameters of general use.
Contemporary orthodontic archwires: A literature review

Archwires are the principal force generators used in orthodontic treatment. They are one of the fixed appliances’ active components. They produce various tooth movements by interaction with brackets and buccal tubes. Recent advancements in orthodontics have resulted in a wide variety of archwire alloys with a broad spectrum of characteristics. The proper application of these wires can shorten treatment duration, improve patient comfort, and reduce chairside time. Furthermore, the need for esthetic orthodontic treatment alternatives resulted in the introduction of esthetic archwires. These innovative archwires attempt to combine both the esthetics and good clinical performance. Understanding recent
Awareness of Pre-eclampsia and Measurement of Risk Factors in Women from the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the awareness of and risk factors for developing preeclampsia among women in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, women from the western region of Saudi Arabia were investigated from September, 2022 to December, 2022. To this end, the data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire. The survey was distributed to the general population via social media, shopping centers, outpatient clinics, and inpatient wards of King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Results: The study sample consisted of 541 women ages 18–50, who were not involved in the medical field. Only 11.7% of the participants had risk factors for pre-eclampsia, whereas the rest did not have any risk factors. These findings indicated that the participants were at low risk of developing preeclampsia, but they had poor knowledge of and limited general information about this disorder (e.g., its signs and symptoms, risk factors, and complications). Conclusions: Women in the western region of Saudi Arabia faced lower risk of developing preeclampsia. However, they had poor knowledge of preeclampsia, which highlighted the need to increase their awareness of it.
Investigating the barriers facing corporate social responsibility in the built environment: Ghana’s perspective from a qualitative approach

Purpose Several organisations dedicate a portion of their budget and business websites to corporate social responsibility (CSR) events. This illustrates the significance attached to CSR events. In Ghana, a social disconnection may exist between the community and the construction sector. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the benefits of CSR in the construction industry, the implementation challenges and measures to enhance CSR in the Ghanaian built environment.Design/methodology/approach The qualitative technique was adopted using an extensive review of literature supported by structured interviews and analysed by context analysis. The participants include ministry and municipal directors, contractor associations, unions and institutions of engineers. The study achieved saturation.Findings Findings reveal that the construction industry’s CSR impacts the community’s social behaviour and has economic and environmental significance. The absence of government implementation policy and finance constraints were identified as Ghana’s major CSR implementation challenges. Also, besides the government instituting a mandatory policy on CSR in the industry, findings suggest that stakeholders, especially players in the industry and policymakers, should form an integral part of the CSR decisions.Practical implications Findings will support and recommend holistic measures to mitigate CSR implementation hindrances and encourage CSR via a central government's mandatory policy in the Ghanaian built environment.Originality/value Besides most studies used questionnaires, the contribution deduced shows that construction companies' management could use the knowledge from this study and involve all the relevant stakeholders when undertaking CSR activities. Also, the study would fill the scarcity of relevant materials concerning CSR in Ghanaian construction sector.
FPGA Implementation of Memristor Emulators Using Fractional Order Calculus: A High-Precision Reconfigurable Approach

Fractional order memory elements (FOMEs), which exhibit marked memory and nonlinear characteristics, have found broad utilization across an array of interdisciplinary fields. Unfortunately, a significant impediment to their integration into engineering applications is the scarcity of commercially available nanomaterial-based FOMEs. In this paper, we propose a hardware architecture with high FPGA resource utilization efficiency based on the Grünwald–Letnikov approximation and sampling theorem. This architecture can simultaneously realize three fractional calculus (FC) algorithms: the fixed window length (FWL), K-piecewise linear function ( $K$ PLF), and FWL& $K$ PLF without modifying the FPGA binary file. The method proposed in this paper has lower resource consumption, fewer memory requirements, and higher computational performance, resulting in lower step length by 106 and higher operating frequencies compared with existing methods. Moreover, we design an FC experimental platform based on a digital oscilloscope that is capable of realizing FOMEs of any order by modifying parameters. In addition, a universal digital circuit of FOMEs is designed in FPGA, which helps to directly display signals at both ends of FOMEs in the digital domain, avoiding interference from circuit noises. Hardware experiments and digital simulations show that the proposed FPGA-based FOMEs hardware circuit method has high precision and reconfigurability, which further accelerates the engineering application of FOMEs.
Strategies for Optimizing Photosynthesis with Biotechnology to Improve Crop Yield

The world’s population is projected to increase to 9 billion by 2050 (Roberts 2011), while the availability of arable land will decrease as environmental degradation and destruction grow worse. Meeting the food demand of this growing population will be a major challenge, and a food shortage is projected. Therefore, it is imperative that we produce crops with improved quality and quantity using conventional selection and breeding, or genetic engineering, in order to meet the growing food demand through sustainable agricultural systems (Ashraf and Akram 2009). In the past, large improvements in grain yield were achieved during the green revolution (Khush 2001); however, present rates of increase in crop yields are insufficient to keep pace with the rapid rates of global population growth. Thus, there is an urgent need to increase crop productivity beyond existing yield potentials to address the challenge of food security (Yamori 2013). Advances in biotechnology have led to increased opportunities to rapidly improve the crop production, for example, by facilitating the transfer of desired characteristics from other species, which is impossible through conventional plant breeding. Biotechnology for crop improvement has become a promising strategy to solve the food crisis. So far, various crops have been engineered for enhanced resistance to various stresses such as herbicides, viruses, and abiotic stresses. The proportion of biomass partitioned into grain has already been brought close to its theoretical maximum thanks to plant breeding; thus, a fundamental limitation on plant productivity that has to be optimized for increasing crop yield is photosynthesis (Long et al. 2006). Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy to chemical energy using CO2 and water, and of storing it as carbohydrates. Enhancing photosynthetic capacity of plants is a promising approach to increase crop productivity. This chapter summarizes the various approaches by genetic engineering applied to enhance photosynthetic capacity and plant production. The targets considered for possible candidates include Rubisco, Rubisco activase, enzymes of Calvin–Benson cycle, CO2 and carbohydrate transport, as well as photosynthetic electron transport (Figure 41.1). In addition, other areas that promise scope for photosynthetic improvement, such as altering canopy architecture or mining natural genetic variations for identifying new targets, are described.
Air-Filled SIWs Using Laminate Dielectrics on Glass Substrate for D-Band Applications

This article presents the first demonstration of Astra-based air-filled Substrate Integrated Waveguides (SIWs) in D-band (110 to 170 GHz). The material stack-up consists of two <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$63.5~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> thick Astra MT77 layers laminated together by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> thick Ajinomoto Buildup Film (ABF) GL102 dry film. The top metal layer is patterned on the first Astra layer using a Semi-additive process (SAP) whereas the bottom metal layer is supported on a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$200~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> thick laminated glass. To demonstrate the advantage of the proposed approach, solid SIWs were also designed using the same material stack up and fabrication process. The proposed SIWs were simulated using Ansys High-Frequency Structure Simulation (HFSS). Grounded Coplanar Waveguide (GCPW) to SIW transitions were added to probe the designed structures using Cascade infinity probes. Two-tier calibration was used to measure the designed SIWs. First, LRRM calibration was used to move the reference plane to the edge of the probe tips. These measurements included the effects of GCPW to SIW transitions. Then, TRL calibration was performed to de-embed the response of the designed SIWs. For 4.5 mm long air-filled SIW, the measured insertion loss varies from 0.17 to 0.98 dB with an average of 0.6 dB. For 5 mm long solid SIW, the measured insertion loss varies from 1 to 2.5 dB with an average of 1.7 dB. The measured per unit insertion loss (dB/mm) for solid and air-filled SIW is 0.34 and 0.13 dB/mm, respectively. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation models. The performance of the proposed SIWs has been compared with other state of the art materials.
Beyond Birdies - Enhancing biodiversity on urban golf courses

In urban areas where public land for habitat protection is limited, golf courses can play an important role in supporting biodiversity. Out-of-play areas on golf courses present an opportunity for restoring and enhancing biodiversity in ecologically simplified landscapes. We aimed to develop a greater understanding of factors that enable or constrain the adoption of improved biodiversity practices on Sydney’s golf courses. The project consisted of three stages: 1. Mapping the location of golf courses across the greater Sydney region in relation to priority conservation areas; 2. A participatory workshop with golf course superintendents and managers drawn from across the greater Sydney region. The workshop findings informed the development of a survey instrument; and, 3. A survey of golf course staff across the greater Sydney region to determine the heterogeneity of capacity to adopt improved practices for biodiversity. Critical factors were identified that constrain and support the adoption of practices to improve biodiversity conservation on golf courses. We found that the influence of constraining and enabling factors varied spatially across the region. The reasons for this variation were complex and related to the interaction of local biophysical and social context in which the club operates rather than simply to issues such as land tenure. The findings of this project provide a baseline from which to measure temporal changes in capacity resulting from targeted capacity building initiatives and related improvements in conservation outcomes.