Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of Sexual Selection as aMechanism for Obtaining Multiple

The ability to obtain multiple distinct solutions in a single run is an important, though often forgotten, practical advantage of genetic algorithms, and therefore methods that enhance this ability are desirable. The approach taken here is inspired by nature: sexually reproducing organisms do not mate indiscriminately | the choice of mate has a large impact upon the tness of the organism's oospring, and by balancing exploration and exploitation, mate (or sexual) selection can lead to speciation eeects which may enhance the genetic algorithm's ability to locate multiple distinct solutions. The investigation described here shows that sexual selection was able to enhance the genetic algorithm's ability to locate and maintain multiple distinct solutions, although it can interact detrimentally with other techniques designed for the same purpose.
Evolutionary approaches for pooling classifier ensembles: Performance evaluation

We introduce a multiple classifier system that incorporates an Evolutionary Algorithm for dynamically selecting the set of classifiers to be included in the pool. The proposed technique is applicable when the classifiers provide both the class assigned to the input sample and a measure of thereliability of the classification. For each sample, the experts selected for participating in the voting rule are those whose reliability is larger than a given threshold. There are as many thresholds as the number of classifiers by the number of classes. The problem of finding the values of the thresholds aimed at selecting the best set of classifier for each input sample has been reformulated as an optimization task, approached by using the Breeder Genetic Algorithm and the Differential Evolution. A set of experiments on three well-known and widely adopetd datasets have been designed and performed to compare the performance provided by the two competing approaches.
Constraint-based semi-supervised dimensionality reduction with conflict detection

Most existing typical semi-supervised learning algorithms focused on the results of learning while facing the conflict on constraints. And most solutions use unsupervised distance-based methods to adjust the conflicting constraints on the information by recalculating the samples' distance. This paper presents a constraint-based semi-supervised dimensionality reduction algorithm with conflict detection, called CDSSDR, which uses the information of priori constraints to adjust the contradictions in the constraints. It avoids the use of unsupervised methods to adjust the prior knowledge.
Socioeconomic Status and Ischemic Stroke: The FINMONICA Stroke Register

Background and Purpose— It has been shown that low socioeconomic status is associated with death from stroke. More-detailed data have, however, remained scanty. The purpose of the present study was to examine the association of socioeconomic status with ischemic stroke. Besides mortality, we analyzed the incidence, case-fatality ratio, and prognosis of ischemic stroke events. Methods— Our population-based study included 6903 first stroke events registered by the FINMONICA Stroke Register in 3 areas of Finland during 1983 to 1992. Indicators of socioeconomic status, such as taxable income and education, were obtained by record linkage of the stroke register data with files of Statistics Finland. Results— Incidence, case-fatality ratio, and mortality rates for ischemic stroke were all inversely related to income. Furthermore, 28 days after the onset of symptoms, a greater proportion of patients with low income than of those with high income was still in institutionalized care and/or in need of help for their activities of daily living. Population-attributable risk of the incidence of first ischemic stroke due to low socioeconomic status was 36% for both sexes. For the death from first ischemic stroke, it was 56% for both sexes. Conclusions— Persons with low socioeconomic status have considerable excess rates of morbidity and mortality from ischemic stroke in Finland. A reduction in this excess could markedly decrease the burden of ischemic stroke to the society and thus constitute an important public health improvement.
Enhanced client polling with multilevel pre-fetching algorithm for wireless networks

The implementation of client polling as a weak cache coherence mechanism has two major drawbacks: Firstly, the cache may return a stale copy if the object is changed in the origin server while the cached copy is considered valid. Secondly, the cache can invalidate a cached copy that is still valid in the server. Therefore, we propose a multilevel pre-fetching (MLP) in conjunction with the client polling to refine these drawbacks. MLP is introduced to improve the level of freshness among the cached objects. The simulation results presented in this paper show that the proposed MLP significantly minimizes the number of stale objects and reduces the invalidation messages sent out to the server, i.e., increase the cache HIT rate.
Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Hope and Pain Beliefs of Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain

Article History: Received: 15 Oct 2017 Accepted: 11 Dec 2017 Available Online: 01 Jan 2018 Bullet Points: • MBCT increases the hope but not pain beliefs in chronic low back pain patients. • MBCT may be developed for decreasing the low back pain. Citation: Abdolghaderi M, Kafi SM, Saberi A, Ariaporan S. Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Hope and Pain Beliefs of Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain. Caspian J Neurol Sci. 2018; 4(1):18-23. https://doi.org/10.29252/NIRP. CJNS.4.12.18 Runnig Title: Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Chronic Low Back Pain : https://doi.org/10.29252/NIRP.CJNS.4.12.18 Use your device to scan and read the article online Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences "Caspian J Neurol Sci" Journal Homepage: http://cjns.gums. ac.ir
Fractal dimension for drowsiness detection in brainwaves

Drowsiness, the state where a person's alertness is reduced, is one of the major causes of accidents. Therefore, there is a need for the detection of this state of human brain, especially for the people working in industries and also for those involved in driving activities. Hence, drowsiness detection system is gaining more importance these days. In this paper, the authors have presented a drowsiness detection methodology using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The method used in the detection is fractal dimension (FD), which is a measure of irregularity of the curve. Three FD algorithms, Higuchi, Katz and Petrosian are tried along with logarithm of energy (log E), and Intrinsic dimension (ID) on a set of 15 alert and 15 drowsy signals. In addition, certain statistical features are extracted from the signals. The Support vector Machine (SVM) classifier used in this work yielded a sensitivity of 76 percentage, a specificity of 70 percentage, in distinguishing the drowsy and alert samples.
Implicit Profiling for Contextual Reasoning About Users' Spatial Preferences

Information overload is a well documented problem in many application domains. A way of addressing this problem is by creating user profiles and by filtering out all irrelevant information while presenting the users only with information that matches their interests. Our focus is on the spatial domain. We follow an implicit profiling approach by logging users’ mouse movements as they interact with spatial data. The logged information is analysed to support context reasoning about each user’s level of interest in the spatial features shown to him. These inferred interests are used to calculate an interest model for each individual user. Based on this interest model we can filter the information returned to the user, reducing information overload and tailoring the content to suit the users spatial preferences. In this paper we present our approach and discuss the implementation of the system we are developing for capturing users’ spatial interactions and generating user profiles.
A Mathematical Theory of Generalization: Part II

A b st r a ct. The problem of how best to generalize from a given learning set of input-output examples is cent ral to the fields of neur al nets, statistics, approximation theory, and artificial intelligence. This series of pap ers inve stigates this problem from within an abst ract and mod elindepend ent fr amework and then test s some of the resultant concept s in real-world situations. In thi s abstrac t framework a generalizer is comple tely specified by a certain countably infinite set of functions, so the mathemati cs of generali zati on becomes an investigat ion into can dida te sets of criteria governing the behavior of that infinite set of funct ions . In the first pap er of thi s series the found ati ons of this mathematics are spelled out and some relatively simple generalization criteria are investigated . Elsewhere the real-world generalizing of systems constructed wit h these generalization criteria in mind have been favorably compared to neural nets for several real gene ralization problems, including Sejnowski 's problem of reading aloud. Th is leads to the conclusion that (current) neural nets in fact constitute a poo r means of general izing . In t he second of this pair of papers other sets of criteria, more sophisticated than those criteria embo died in this first series of pap ers, are investigated . Generalizers meeting these more sophis tica te d criteria can readil y be app roximated on computers. Some of these approximations employ network st ructures built via an evolutionary pro cess. A pr elimin ary and favo rable investigation in to the gener alization beh avior of these approxi mations finishes the second paper of this series.
Benchmarking Intel Xeon Phi to Guide Kernel Design

No part of this series may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written permission of the publisher. PDS Wp Wp With a minimum of 50 cores, Intel's Xeon Phi is a true many-core architecture. Featuring fairly powerful cores, two levels of caches, and a very fast interconnection, the Xeon Phi is able to achieve theoretical peak of 1000 GFLOPs and over 240 GB/s. These numbers, as well as its flexibility-it can be used as both coprocessor or a stand-alone processor-are very tempting for parallel applications looking for new performance records. In this paper, we present four hardware-centric guidelines and a machine model for Xeon Phi programmers in search for performance. Specifically, we have benchmarked the main hardware components of the processor-the cores, the memory hierarchies, and the ring interconnect. We show that, in ideal microbenchmarking conditions, the achieved performance is very close to the theoretical one as given in the official programmer's guide. Furthermore, we have identified and quantified several causes for significant performance penalties, which are not available in the official documentation. Based on this information, we synthesized four optimization guidelines and applied them to a set of kernels, aiming to systematically optimize their performance. The optimization process is guided by performance roofs, derived from the same benchmarks. Our experimental results show that, using this strategy, we can achieve impressive performance gains and, more importantly, a high utilization of the processor.
Voronoi Features Cut for Surface Reconstruction from Multiple Views Coupe minimale dans un diagramme de Voronoi pour la reconstruction de surface à partir de plusieurs images

We present a novel method to reconstruct the 3D shape of a scene from several calibrated images. Our motivation is that most existing multi-view stereovision approaches require some knowledge of the scene extent and often even of its approximate geometry (e.g.visual hull). This makes these approaches mainly suited to compact objects admitting a tight enclosing box, imaged on a simple or a known background. In contrast, our approach focuses on large-scale cluttered scenes under uncontrolled imaging conditions. It first generates a quasi-dense 3D point cloud of the scene by matching keypoints across images in a lenient manner, thus possibly retaining many false matches. Then it builds an adaptive tetrahedral decomposition of space by computing the 3D Delaunay triangulation of the 3D point set. Finally, it reconstructs the scene by labeling Delaunay tetrahedra as empty or occupied, thus generating a triangular mesh of the scene. A globally optimal label assignment, as regards photo-consistency of the output mesh and compatibility with the visibility of keypoints in input images, is efficiently found as a minimum cut solution in a graph.
Systematic Literature Review of Imaging Features of Spinal Degeneration in Asymptomatic Populations

This meta-analysis of the literature reveals that imaging findings of spine degeneration are present in high proportions of asymptomatic individuals, increasing with age. Many imaging-based degenerative features are likely part of normal aging and unassociated with pain. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Degenerative changes are commonly found in spine imaging but often occur in pain-free individuals as well as those with back pain. We sought to estimate the prevalence, by age, of common degenerative spine conditions by performing a systematic review studying the prevalence of spine degeneration on imaging in asymptomatic individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a systematic review of articles reporting the prevalence of imaging findings (CT or MR imaging) in asymptomatic individuals from published English literature through April 2014. Two reviewers evaluated each manuscript. We selected age groupings by decade (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 years), determining age-specific prevalence estimates. For each imaging finding, we fit a generalized linear mixed-effects model for the age-specific prevalence estimate clustering in the study, adjusting for the midpoint of the reported age interval. RESULTS: Thirty-three articles reporting imaging findings for 3110 asymptomatic individuals met our study inclusion criteria. The prevalence of disk degeneration in asymptomatic individuals increased from 37% of 20-year-old individuals to 96% of 80-year-old individuals. Disk bulge prevalence increased from 30% of those 20 years of age to 84% of those 80 years of age. Disk protrusion prevalence increased from 29% of those 20 years of age to 43% of those 80 years of age. The prevalence of annular fissure increased from 19% of those 20 years of age to 29% of those 80 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Imaging findings of spine degeneration are present in high proportions of asymptomatic individuals, increasing with age. Many imaging-based degenerative features are likely part of normal aging and unassociated with pain. These imaging findings must be interpreted in the context of the patient's clinical condition.
Asteroid Modeling for Testing Spacecraft Approach and Landing

Spacecraft exploration of asteroids presents autonomous-navigation challenges that can be aided by virtual models to test and develop guidance and hazard-avoidance systems. Researchers have extended and applied graphics techniques to create high-resolution asteroid models to simulate cameras and other spacecraft sensors approaching and descending toward asteroids. A scalable model structure with evenly spaced vertices simplifies terrain modeling, avoids distortion at the poles, and enables triangle-strip definition for efficient rendering. To create the base asteroid models, this approach uses two-phase Poisson faulting and Perlin noise. It creates realistic asteroid surfaces by adding both crater models adapted from lunar terrain simulation and multiresolution boulders. The researchers evaluated the virtual asteroids by comparing them with real asteroid images, examining the slope distributions, and applying a surface-relative feature-tracking algorithm to the models.
Intelligent approach to uncertain networked control systems with random packet losses

This paper investigates an intelligent search technique for the design of a robust H∞ controller for a class of uncertain networked control systems (NCS) with random packet losses, occurring simultaneously between the sensor and controller and between the controller and actuator. The parameter uncertainties are norm bounded and packet dropout are assumed to obey Bernoulli random binary distribution. In the presence of packet losses, an observer-based feedback controller is designed to robustly stabilize the system in the mean-square sense and an evolutionary programming techniques is applied to determine the parameter of the controller while considering the H∞ performance condition. The simulation examples indicate the good performance of the developed controller.
Investigation on the CCSRR Influences towards CSMA with Air Gap for HAPS

A circular profile micro strip antenna and its related structural dimensions meant for 5850 -7075 MHz Malaysia HAPS operating band are investigated here. Appearing by three layers and having layer three surface copper re-shaped on a microwave laminate. It was by varying the middle air gapspacing’s height covering layer two regions. At the same time, this conditions will permit copper at layer three to be electrically and magnetically fed via a smaller circular copper sheet (fed via coaxial cable and varied its x-y position at layer one) in between layer one and layer three (ground plane). Apart from normal circular form, a total of one to four complementary circular split ring resonators structures a replaced per circular copper including all the cascading parasitic elements with CCSRRs relevant width dimension are studied to obtain return loss improvement and higher gain
Parental Divorce and Children's Adjustment

This article reviews the research literature on links between parental divorce and children's short-term and long-term adjustment. First, I consider evidence regarding how divorce relates to children's externalizing behaviors, internalizing problems, academic achievement, and social relationships. Second, I examine timing of the divorce, demographic characteristics, children's adjustment prior to the divorce, and stigmatization as moderators of the links between divorce and children's adjustment. Third, I examine income, interparental conflict, parenting, and parents well-being as mediators of relations between divorce and children's adjustment. Fourth, I note the caveats and limitations of the research literature. Finally, I consider notable policies related to grounds for divorce, child support, and child custody in light of how they might affect children s adjustment to their parents divorce.
The power of the past: Nostalgia as a meaning-making resource

In three experiments we tested whether nostalgia bolsters meaning in life relative to two other modes of autobiographical thought: imagining a desired future experience and recalling a positive past experience. In Experiment 1 participants thought about a nostalgic or desired future experience and then completed a presence of meaning scale. Thinking about a nostalgic (compared to desired future) experience increased perceived presence of meaning. In Experiment 2 we examined whether nostalgia can additionally reduce the search for meaning. Participants thought about a nostalgic, desired future or recent positive experience, and then completed a search for meaning scale. Nostalgia, relative to both comparison conditions, decreased the search for meaning. Finally we tested whether, by virtue of its capacity to increase meaning, nostalgia can mitigate threats to meaning. In Experiment 3 participants were exposed to either absurd or representational art, under the guise that they would later have to interpret its meaning, and then thought about either a nostalgic or a recent positive experience. Meaning was subsequently measured. The absurd art interpretation condition decreased the perceived presence of meaning but nostalgic reflection attenuated this effect.
Resolving unoccupied electronic states with laser ARPES in bismuth-based cuprate superconductors

Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is typically used to study only the occupied electronic band structure of a material. Here we use laser-based ARPES to observe a feature in bismuth-based superconductors that, in contrast, is related to the unoccupied states. Specifically, we observe a dispersive suppression of intensity cutting across the valence band, which, when compared with relativistic one-step calculations, can be traced to two final-state gaps in the bands 6 eV above the Fermi level. This finding opens up possibilities to bring the ultra-high momentum resolution of existing laser-ARPES instruments to the unoccupied electron states. For cases where the final-state gap is not the object of study, we find that its effects can be made to vanish under certain experimental conditions.
Learning to Tailor Documentation of Software Requirements

In software projects, it is important to determine the right amount of requirements documentation. If the documentation is not detailed enough, it is an insufficient base for contracts. If it is too long, it is expensive to maintain. Therefore the amount of documentation should be adjusted for each project. Often this step is omitted, partly to avoid the effort of tailoring, but mainly because project members do not know how to tailor or even are afraid of the consequences and associated risks. In this paper we share our experience in addressing both aspects with a mixture of organizational and individual learning. We successfully used our approach in university teaching and in parts with industrial partners.
Behavioral aspects in the use of ERP systems: Study of a global organization

Since the 1990’s integrated information systems, better known as Enterprise Resource Planning, really started to take off as a potential solution for the integration of all core business areas in the organizations, allowing more visibility by consolidating all the information in one shared database, in real time. On the other hand, implementing a ERP system causes profound changes in the way employees perform their tasks. Research of the concerning literature suggests that ERP systems increase visibility and control within the company, the better access to information contributes to the empowerment of the employees, in the same way that the procedures of the ERP systems engage employees in self discipline and reflection on work practices. The literature review addresses concepts such as Foucault’s view of disciplinary power, organizational control and empowerment. The study adopted a quantitative methodology through a survey conducted in a multinational organization with 213 respondents, revealed that the visibility offered by the ERP system fosters autonomy making empowerment easier and that the respondents do not feel more controlled by their superiors or peers. In contrast to previous research, which relates reflexion to improve working practices, the present study relates reflexion with commitment to performing the system’s standardized tasks.
The Analysis of Problem Areas in Parent-Adolescent Relationships: A Pilot Probe

The current period poses novel challenges and rigours actively engaged in forming and stabilizing adolescents' social identity. Specifically, they affect the quality of family relationships and occur in specific problem areas of the parent-adolescent relationship. This study interprets results of a pilot probe into middle and late adolescence. The results have been mapped via an original Family Relationship Problem Areas questionnaire (FRPA). The authors discuss in detail the differences identified in problem areas in relation to parents with respect to sex, type and locality of school.