Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A feature selection approach based on a similarity measure for software defect prediction

Software defect prediction is aimed to find potential defects based on historical data and software features. Software features can reflect the characteristics of software modules. However, some of these features may be more relevant to the class (defective or non-defective), but others may be redundant or irrelevant. To fully measure the correlation between different features and the class, we present a feature selection approach based on a similarity measure (SM) for software defect prediction. First, the feature weights are updated according to the similarity of samples in different classes. Second, a feature ranking list is generated by sorting the feature weights in descending order, and all feature subsets are selected from the feature ranking list in sequence. Finally, all feature subsets are evaluated on a k-nearest neighbor (KNN) model and measured by an area under curve (AUC) metric for classification performance. The experiments are conducted on 11 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) datasets, and the results show that our approach performs better than or is comparable to the compared feature selection approaches in terms of classification performance.
Evolving U.S. service model for patients with severe mental illness and co-occurring substance use disorder

Co-occurring severe mental illness and substance use disorder has been recognized as a common problem in the U.S. since the early 1980s (1–3). For these individuals with co-occurring disorders, research demonstrates the effectiveness of various forms of combining, blending, or integrating mental health and substance abuse treatments (4). The evolving U.S. service model for integrated dual disorders treatment emphasizes several key elements: implementation, leadership, training, engagement, assessment, counseling for all patients, ancillary treatments for those with multiple needs, secondary treatments for patients who are nonresponders, and quality assurance regarding process and outcomes.
BACTERIAL SPORES II. A STUDY OF BACTERIAL SPORE GERMINATION IN RELATION TO ENVIRONMENT

Perty (1852) was probably the first to observe and describe bacterial spores. Pasteur (1870), incidental to his work on diseases of the silk worm, confirmed the observations of Perty, finding similar elliptical, light-refracting bodies in bacteria. He extended the knowledge concerning the characteristics of these bodies by observing that they possess much greater resistance to injurious agents than do the bacterial cells themselves. Cohn (1877) was the first to establish the true nature of these bodies as spores, since Perty and Pasteur both failed of proof, not having observed the actual processes of sporulation and germination. Cohn saw the appearance of the light-refracting spore within the cell and observed the process of germination of spores of B. subtilis directly under the microscope. Ever since this earlier work bacterial spores have been the basis of controversies as to their formation and function. That there are spore forms in bacteria other than the classical endospore has been claimed by numerous investigators, particularly in connection with the hypothesis that spores function as reproductive bodies. Hueppe (1885) described swollen, irregular elements in old cultures of several organisms, which he termed "arthrospores. " Conidia formation was observed by Lister (1873) in cultures of B. lactis, and later by others in various organisms. These forms often were regarded as spores, and in fact Enderlein
Effect of Microstructure and Silicon Carbide on the Elevated Temperature Properties of Multi-layer Spray Deposition Al–8.5Fe–1.3V–1.7Si/SiCP Composite

Multi-layer spray deposited Al–8.5Fe–1.3V–1.7Si alloy was co-deposited with 15 vol% SiC particulate (SiCP). The microstructure of the composite as-rolled has been determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Elevated temperature properties of the composite have been investigated by comparing the tensile mechanical properties at 20°C, 315°C and 400°C for the composite. The significance of these results for microstructure at elevated temperature, operating strengthening mechanisms and the effects of SiCP reinforcement in such an alloy system, is discussed.
Characterization of the Raptor/4E-BP1 Interaction by Chemical Cross-linking Coupled with Mass Spectrometry Analysis*

Background: mTORC1 recruits its substrate 4E-BP1 via Raptor/4E-BP1 interaction. Chemical cross-linking/mass spectrometry permits characterization of protein-protein interactions. Results: Cross-linked peptides between Raptor and 4E-BP1 were identified. Raptor intramolecular cross-links were also identified. Conclusion: Raptor N-terminal region containing RNC1 is implicated in the interaction with the central region of 4E-BP1. Significance: Our study provides novel insight into how mTORC1 recognizes 4E-BP1. mTORC1 plays critical roles in the regulation of protein synthesis, growth, and proliferation in response to nutrients, growth factors, and energy conditions. One of the substrates of mTORC1 is 4E-BP1, whose phosphorylation by mTORC1 reverses its inhibitory action on eIF4E, resulting in the promotion of protein synthesis. Raptor in mTOR complex 1 is believed to recruit 4E-BP1, facilitating phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 by the kinase mTOR. We applied chemical cross-linking coupled with mass spectrometry analysis to gain insight into interactions between mTORC1 and 4E-BP1. Using the cross-linking reagent bis[sulfosuccinimidyl] suberate, we showed that Raptor can be cross-linked with 4E-BP1. Mass spectrometric analysis of cross-linked Raptor-4E-BP1 led to the identification of several cross-linked peptide pairs. Compilation of these peptides revealed that the most N-terminal Raptor N-terminal conserved domain (in particular residues from 89 to 180) of Raptor is the major site of interaction with 4E-BP1. On 4E-BP1, we found that cross-links with Raptor were clustered in the central region (amino acid residues 56–72) we call RCR (Raptor cross-linking region). Intramolecular cross-links of Raptor suggest the presence of two structured regions of Raptor: one in the N-terminal region and the other in the C-terminal region. In support of the idea that the Raptor N-terminal conserved domain and the 4E-BP1 central region are closely located, we found that peptides that encompass the RCR of 4E-BP1 inhibit cross-linking and interaction of 4E-BP1 with Raptor. Furthermore, mutations of residues in the RCR decrease the ability of 4E-BP1 to serve as a substrate for mTORC1 in vitro and in vivo.
The Effect of Compacting Pressure on Power Loss in a SMC

The paper considers the effects of compacting pressure and the working parameters (maximum flux density, excitation frequency) on power loss dissipated in a soft magnetic composite core. The effects may be efficiently described with simple power laws . The description has been verified using commercial SMC cores. The proposed dependencies are in a good agreement with experiment.
Prerequisites for Affective Signal Processing (ASP) - Part IV

In [1–3], a series of prerequisites for affective signal processing (ASP) was deﬁned: validation (e.g., mapping of constructs on signals), triangulation, a physiology-driven approach, contributions of the signal processing community, identiﬁcation of users, theoretical speciﬁcation, integration of biosignals, and physical characteristics. This paper deﬁnes three additional prerequisites: historical perspective, temporal construction, and real-world baselines.
SCREENING FOR ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF CLEOME VISCOSA PLANT EXTRACT IN VITRO

The anthelmintic effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the plant Cleome viscosa was studied in vitro by egg hatch assay method against the gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants. The results revealed that both aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the plant showed significant anthelmintic activity at 8% level and the effect was dose dependant.
THE ROLE OF ANDRODIOECY AND GYNODIOECY IN MEDIATING EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS BETWEEN DIOECY AND HERMAPHRODITISM IN THE ANIMALIA

Dioecy (gonochorism) is dominant within the Animalia, although a recent review suggests hermaphroditism is also common. Evolutionary transitions from dioecy to hermaphroditism (or vice versa) have occurred frequently in animals, but few studies suggest the advantage of such transitions. In particular, few studies assess how hermaphroditism evolves from dioecy or whether androdioecy or gynodioecy should be an “intermediate” stage, as noted in plants. Herein, these transitions are assessed by documenting the numbers of androdioecious and gynodioecious animals and inferring their ancestral reproductive mode. Both systems are rare, but androdioecy was an order of magnitude more common than gynodioecy. Transitions from dioecious ancestors were commonly to androdioecy rather than gynodioecy. Hermaphrodites evolving from sexually dimorphic dioecious ancestors appear to be constrained to those with female‐biased sex allocation; such hermaphrodites replace females to coexist with males. Hermaphrodites evolving from sexually monomorphic dioecious ancestors were not similarly constrained. Species transitioning from hermaphroditic ancestors were more commonly androdioecious than gynodioecious, contrasting with similar transitions in plants. In animals, such transitions were associated with size specialization between the sexes, whereas in plants these transitions were to avoid inbreeding depression. Further research should frame these reproductive transitions in a theoretical context, similar to botanical studies.
Comparison of Search Ability between Genetic Fuzzy Rule Selection and Fuzzy Genetics-Based Machine Learning

We developed two GA-based schemes for the design of fuzzy rule-based classification systems. One is genetic rule selection and the other is genetics-based machine learning (GBML). In our genetic rule selection scheme, first a large number of promising fuzzy rules are extracted from numerical data in a heuristic manner as candidate rules. Then a genetic algorithm is used to select a small number of fuzzy rules. A rule set is represented by a binary string whose length is equal to the number of candidate rules. On the other hand, a fuzzy rule is denoted by its antecedent fuzzy sets as an integer substring in our GBML scheme. A rule set is represented by a concatenated integer string. In this paper, we compare these two schemes in terms of their search ability to efficiently find compact fuzzy rule-based classification systems with high accuracy. The main difference between these two schemes is that GBML has a huge search space consisting of all combinations of possible fuzzy rules while genetic rule selection has a much smaller search space with only candidate rules
Migration = Cloning ; Aliasing (Preliminary Version)

In Obliq, a lexically scoped, distributed, object-based programming language, object migration was suggested as creating a (remote) copy of an object's state at the target site, followed by turning the (local) object itself into an alias, also called surrogate, for the just created remote copy. There is no proof that object migration in Obliq is safe in any sense. We consider the creation of object surrogates as an abstraction of the above-mentioned style of migration. We introduce Ojeblik, a distribution-free subset of Obliq, and provide two formal semantics, one in an intuitive configuration style, the other in terms of pi-calculus. The intuitive semantics shows why surrogation is neither safe in Obliq, nor can it be so in full generality in Repliq (a repaired Obliq). The pi-calculus semantics allows us to prove that surrogation in Ojeblik is safe for certain well-identified cases, thus suggesting that migration in Repliq may be safe, accordingly.
Cell‐specific expression pattern of monocarboxylate transporters in astrocytes and neurons observed in different mouse brain cortical cell cultures

Evidence suggests that lactate could be a preferential energy substrate transferred from astrocytes to neurons. Such a process implies the presence of specific monocarboxylate transporters on both cell types. Expression of MCT1 and MCT2, two isoforms of the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family, was studied in enriched cultures of mouse cortical astrocytes or neurons. It was observed that, at both the mRNA and the protein levels, astrocytes strongly expressed MCT1 but had very little if any MCT2. By contrast, neurons had high amounts of MCT2 mRNA, although MCT1 mRNA was also detected. Double immunofluorescent labelings with appropriate markers confirmed the cell‐specific preference in the expression of MCT1 and MCT2, but they revealed that a subset of neurons expresses low to moderate levels of MCT1. Parallel immunocytochemical stainings of cultured neurons with the presynaptic marker synaptophysin showed that MCT2 expression is correlated with synaptic development. Although MCT2 and synaptophysin were not colocalized, their distribution was similar, and they were often closely apposed, suggesting that MCT2 could be associated with postsynaptic terminals. Interaction between astrocytes and neurons, as occurring in layered cultures, did not modify the levels of MCT1 and MCT2 expression or their distribution and cell‐specific preference under the conditions used. However, a close apposition between neurites and MCT1‐expressing astrocytic processes was apparent and developed as cultures evolved. In addition to providing an extensive description of MCT distribution in cultured cells, our data underscore the potential of such preparations for future studies on the regulation of MCT expression. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
2 Log-ACD models : definition and moments

We provide existence conditions and analytical expressions of the moments of logarithmic autoregressive conditional duration (Log-ACD) models. We focus on the dispersion index and the autocorrelation function and compare them with those of ACD (Engle and Russell 1998) and SCD models. Using duration data for several stocks traded on the New York Stock Exchange, we compare the models in terms of their ability at fitting some stylized facts.
Bolstering Immunity through Pattern Recognition Receptors: A Unique Approach to Control Tuberculosis

The global control of tuberculosis (TB) presents a continuous health challenge to mankind. Despite having effective drugs, TB still has a devastating impact on human health. Contributing reasons include the emergence of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the AIDS-pandemic, and the absence of effective vaccines against the disease. Indeed, alternative and effective methods of TB treatment and control are urgently needed. One such approach may be to more effectively engage the immune system; particularly the frontline pattern recognition receptor (PRR) systems of the host, which sense pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of Mtb. It is well known that 95% of individuals infected with Mtb in latent form remain healthy throughout their life. Therefore, we propose that clues can be found to control the remainder by successfully manipulating the innate immune mechanisms, particularly of nasal and mucosal cavities. This article highlights the importance of signaling through PRRs in restricting Mtb entry and subsequently preventing its infection. Furthermore, we discuss whether this unique therapy employing PRRs in combination with drugs can help in reducing the dose and duration of current TB regimen.
Investigation of Flux-Coupling Type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter With Multiple Parallel Branches

The flux-coupling type superconducting fault-current limiter (FC-SFCL) is discussed in this paper. Considering the shortcomings of conventional inductive and resistive SFCLs, two novel FC-SFCLs with multiple parallel branches are carried out. Considering the characteristics of YBCO tapes in 77-K LN2 environment, the design scheme of the HTS module is studied according to the impedance parameters, the number of parallel branches, and insulation distance. Furthermore, the electromagnetic analysis and parameter calculation of the module are performed. In order to identify the status of the HTS module in normal operating, current limiting, and reclosing processes, the status identification method for HTS module is analyzed. Finally, the possible application of FC-SFCL in power grid is discussed.
POPE: Partial Order Preserving Encoding

Recently there has been much interest in performing search queries over encrypted data to enable functionality while protecting sensitive data. One particularly efficient mechanism for executing such queries is order-preserving encryption/encoding (OPE) which results in ciphertexts that preserve the relative order of the underlying plaintexts thus allowing range and comparison queries to be performed directly on ciphertexts. Recently, Popa et al. (SP 2013) gave the first construction of an ideally-secure OPE scheme and Kerschbaum (CCS 2015) showed how to achieve the even stronger notion of frequency-hiding OPE. However, as Naveed et al. (CCS 2015) have recently demonstrated, these constructions remain vulnerable to several attacks. Additionally, all previous ideal OPE schemes (with or without frequency-hiding) either require a large round complexity of O(log n) rounds for each insertion, or a large persistent client storage of size O(n), where n is the number of items in the database. It is thus desirable to achieve a range query scheme addressing both issues gracefully. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach to range queries over encrypted data that is optimized to support insert-heavy workloads as are common in "big data" applications while still maintaining search functionality and achieving stronger security. Specifically, we propose a new primitive called partial order preserving encoding (POPE) that achieves ideal OPE security with frequency hiding and also leaves a sizable fraction of the data pairwise incomparable. Using only O(1) persistent and O(ne) non-persistent client storage for 0<e<1, our POPE scheme provides extremely fast batch insertion consisting of a single round, and efficient search with O(1) amortized cost for up to O(n(1-e)) search queries. This improved security and performance makes our scheme better suited for today's insert-heavy databases.
USE OFMEMORY BY OLDER ADULTS : EVALUATIVE PROCESSING AND VALUE ‐ DIRECTED REMEMBERING

Why do we remember some events and not others, and how does this change in old age? Although there are a variety of ways to address this question, the present perspective emphasizes how value can have a profound eVect on how we use our memory to remember certain information. The ability to select and prioritize what information is important to remember, relative to less salient or peripheral information, is an essential skill for the eYcient use of memory. For example, university students seek to memorize information they think is important for a later test, while grandparents may focus on being able to remember information about children and grandchildren, as well as important life events. In both cases, value is used to direct resources toward information that is deemed to be important to remember. The role that value plays in memory performance is critical to develop a comprehensive understanding of how memory is used across the adult life span. The present summary focuses on how older adults use evaluative processing (a critical process that will be defined and discussed throughout this chapter) to guide encoding and retrieval operations, and how older adults then use value to make decisions about what information is important to remember. In light of the many memory impairments that typically
On speaker-specific prosodic models for automatic dialog act segmentation of multi-party meetings

We explore speaker-specific prosodic modeling for dialog act segmentation of speech from the ICSI Meeting Corpus. We ask whether features beyond pauses help individual speakers, and whether some speakers benefit from prosody models trained on only their speech. We find positive results for both questions, although the second is more complex. Feature analysis reveals that duration is the most used feature type, followed by pause and pitch features. Results also suggest a difference between native and nonnative speakers in feature usage patterns. We conclude that features beyond pauses are useful for dialog act segmentation in natural conversation, and that for some speakers, speaker-specific training yields further gains. Index Terms: prosody, dialog act segmentation, meetings.
Three-dimensional structural characterization of centrosomes from early Drosophila embryos

An understanding of the mechanism and structure of microtubule (MT)- nucleating sites within the pericentriolar material (PCM) of the centrosome has been elusive. This is partly due to the difficulty in obtaining large quantities of centrosomes for analysis, as well as to the problem of attaining interpretable structural data with conventional EM techniques. We describe a protocol for isolating a large quantity of functional centrosomes from early Drosophila embryos. Using automated electron tomography, we have begun a three-dimensional structural characterization of these intact centrosomes with and without regrown MTs. Reconstructions of the centrosomes to approximately 6-8 nm resolution revealed no large structures at the minus ends of MTs, suggesting that if MT-nucleating material physically contacts the MTs, it must conform closely to the shape of the minus end. While many MTs originate near the centrioles, MT minus ends were found throughout the PCM, and even close to its outer boundary. The MTs criss-crossed the PCM, suggesting that nucleating sites are oriented in many different directions. Reconstructions of centrosomes without MTs suggest that there is a reorganization of the PCM upon MT regrowth; moreover, ring-like structures that have a similar diameter as MTs are apparent in the PCM of centrosomes without MTs, and may be MT- nucleating sites.
Knowledge and practice of breast cancer screening among Jordanian nurses.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To examine Jordanian nurses' knowledge of a and proficiency with breast self-examination (BSE) and early detection of breast cancer. DESIGN Descriptive. SETTING Seven governmental and three private hospitals in the country of Jordan. SAMPLE 395 female nurses working in different healthcare settings. Their ages ranged from 21-51 years (X= 31); nursing experience ranged from 1-30 years (X= 16). METHODS Subjects completed a researcher-developed knowledge test consisting of 24 questions derived from the American Cancer Society's guidelines regarding risk factors associated with breast cancer and methods of early detection and from Jordan's breast cancer statistics. Responses to the knowledge test were summed for an overall knowledge score. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Knowledge of breast cancer and early detection and practice of BSE. FINDINGS Nurses had low mean levels of knowledge about early detection and facts related to breast cancer in Jordan (X= 51%, SD = 19). Although 86% (n = 343) of the nurses reported performing BSE, only 18% (n = 62) reported doing so on a monthly basis. CONCLUSIONS Nurses had limited levels of knowledge about breast cancer and methods of early detection; few nurses practiced BSE monthly. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Continuing education programs for nurses are urgently needed to improve nurses' knowledge about breast cancer and BSE. Additional studies to examine the impact of other variables on the practice of early-detection methods should be conducted, such as those that determine faculty knowledge and beliefs about early detection, those that assess curriculum content about breast cancer and its early detection, and those that assess other healthcare providers' knowledge and beliefs about early detection. Intervention studies that aim to increase nurses' knowledge of breast cancer and their practice of early-detection methods would be beneficial.