Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Source Identification Game: An Information-Theoretic Perspective

We introduce a theoretical framework in which to cast the source identification problem. Thanks to the adoption of a game-theoretic approach, the proposed framework permits us to derive the ultimate achievable performance of the forensic analysis in the presence of an adversary aiming at deceiving it. The asymptotic Nash equilibrium of the source identification game is derived under an assumption on the resources on which the forensic analyst may rely. The payoff at the equilibrium is analyzed, deriving the conditions under which a successful forensic analysis is possible and the error exponent of the false-negative error probability in such a case. The difficulty of deriving a closed-form solution for general instances of the game is alleviated by the introduction of an efficient numerical procedure for the derivation of the optimum attacking strategy. The numerical analysis is applied to a case study to show the kind of information it can provide.
Maximizing the Secrecy Rate of Wiretap Channel via DF-Based Cooperative Scheme

This paper addresses the physical layer security of a two-hop decode-and-forward (DF) wireless relay network in the presence of several eavesdroppers. The wiretap channel model consists of a source, several eavesdroppers, couples of trusted relays and a destination. For this DF based cooperative relay scheme, the relays use different code words independent of the source code words to transmit a weighted version of the recoded messages as with the source messages to the legitimate receiver and jam the eavesdropper. We fix the transmit power of the source ( Ps ) to obtain the weights for secrecy rate maximization, assuming that global channel state information (CSI) is available. The maximization problem can be made to a generalized eigenvector problem, and it is easy to obtain the corresponding eigenvector that is the optimal relay weight vector by using the matrix computations. The closed-form optimal solution is derived for the relay weights that maximize the achievable secrecy rate.
Human Oscillatory EEG Activities Representing Working Memory Capacity

We can flexibly process and make decisions regarding multiple types of information in daily situations such as driving and cooking. However, human error is increased in complex or combined tasks (relative to simple tasks) because our information processing capacity is limited. This limited cognitive function is associated with working memory (WM), which is proposed to be a higher-level human ability to memorize, maintain, and manipulate mental representations in the mind for a short time (Baddeley, 1986). Most theorists think that WM function includes active manipulation as well as passive short-term maintenance. An oftenused metaphor for working memory is "the blackboard of the mind. " For example, imagine that you are rearranging the furniture in your room. You can move around the furniture in your mind, that is, transform the imagination any number of times. To guide behavior and make decisions about what to do next, WM temporarily selects and retains task-relevant information such as recently processed sensory input, retrieved information from long-term memory, or mentally manipulated images. Thus, WM is directly linked to any and all other brain functions, including perception, movement, emotion, and problem solving. Baddeley & Hitch (1974) proposed a basic psychological model in which WM is divided into separate components, the “storage system” and the “central executive“. The “storage system“ consists of 2 temporary storage buffers for visual information (visuospatial sketch pad, i.e., visual working memory) and auditory-verbal information (phonological loop, i.e., verbal working memory) and an episodic buffer for long-term memory, whereas the “central executive“ controls the allocations of attention, selects relevant information, and manipulates information held in the storage systems (Baddeley, 1986; Baddeley & Hitch, 1974; Phillips, 1974; Baddeley, 2000). Extensive experimental evidence from behavioral performance of normal subjects, lesion studies, and neuroimaging studies supports this view. For example, performance in dual tasks requiring 2 separate perceptual domains (i.e., a visual and a verbal task, or a mental processing task and a maintenance task) is nearly as efficient as performance of individual tasks (for a review, Cowan, 2001; Della Sala & Logie, 1993). These findings indicate that the visual and verbal WM are separated. Both visual and verbal WM have 3 phases: encoding, which imports the relevant information in memory; maintenance, which stores the encoded information; and retrieval (or rehearsal), which briefly uses the information for a task. To investigate the neural substrate for WM, previous electrophysiological studies in nonhuman primates and human
Optimal tuning of fractional PIDCα controller in the frequency domain

A new frequency-domain algorithm for optimization of PID regulators having a fractional differential compensator connected in series (PIDC<sup>α</sup>) has been developed. The adjustable parameters of the regulator are: proportional gain k, integral gain k<sub>i</sub>, relative attenuation factor of PID zeros ζ, zero of the fractional differential compensator -1/τ and fractional power a of the differential compensator. The optimization procedure is based on maximization of integral or proportional gain, given values of the maximum sensitivity M<sub>s</sub> and sensitivity to measurement noise M<sub>n</sub>. By solving the optimization procedure one obtains parameters of PIDC<sup>α</sup> regulator which results in minimum IAE (Integrated Absolute Error). The analysis of optimal PIDC<sup>α</sup> is performed through a series of simulations for several dynamic processes representative for industrial applications.
The Costs and Benefits of Euro-sation in Central-Eastern Europe Before or Instead of EMU Membership

Countries unable or unwilling to join a Monetary Union can partly replicate membership effects through either a Currency Board or formal replacement of the domestic currency by the currency of the Union. Schemes of this kind have been introduced recently in Transition Economies. The net balance of costs and benefits involved, for the country and the common currency area, are shown to be an empirical question, depending on a number of conditions and primarily on the degree of monetary, real, and institutional convergence already achieved beforehand. Positive net advantages may derive from dollar/Euro-isation but should not be taken for granted.
Spatial averaging of time-frequency distributions

This paper presents a novel approach based on time-frequency distributions (TFDs) for separating signals received by a multiple antenna array. This approach provides a significant improvement in performance over the previously introduced spatial time-frequency distributions, specifically for signals with close time-frequency signatures. In this approach, spatial averaging of the time-frequency distributions of the sensor data is performed to eliminate the interactions of the sources signals in the time-frequency domain, and as such restore the realness property and the diagonal structure of the source TFDs, which are necessary for source separation. It is shown that the proposed approach yields improved performance over both cases of no spatial averaging and averaging using time-frequency smoothing kernels.
In Vivo Replication, Latency, and Immunogenicity of Murine Cytomegalovirus Mutants with Deletions in the M83 and M84 Genes, the Putative Homologs of Human Cytomegalovirus pp65 (UL83)

ABSTRACT We previously identified two open reading frames (ORFs) of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), M83 and M84, which are putative homologs of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) UL83 tegument phosphoprotein pp65 (L. D. Cranmer, C. L. Clark, C. S. Morello, H. E. Farrell, W. D. Rawlinson, and D. H. Spector, J. Virol. 70:7929–7939, 1996). In this report, we show that unlike the M83 gene product, the M84 protein is expressed at early times in the infection and cannot be detected in the virion. To elucidate the functional differences between the two pp65 homologs in acute and latent MCMV infections, we constructed two MCMV K181 mutants in which either the M83 or M84 ORF was deleted. The resultant viruses, designated ΔM83 and ΔM84, respectively, were found to replicate in NIH 3T3 cells with kinetics identical to those of the parent strain. Western blot analysis demonstrated that except for the absence of M83 or M84 protein expression in the respective mutants, no global perturbations of protein expression were detected. When ΔM83 and ΔM84 were inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) into BALB/c mice, both viruses showed similar attenuated growth in the spleen, liver, and kidney. However, only ΔM83 was severely growth restricted in the salivary glands, a phenotype that was abolished upon restoration of the M83 ORF. ΔM83’s growth was similarly restricted in the salivary glands of the resistant C3H/HeN or highly sensitive 129/J strain, as well as in the lungs of all three strains following intranasal inoculation. Using a nested-PCR assay, we found that both ΔM83 and ΔM84 established latency in BALB/c mice, with slightly decreased levels of ΔM83 and ΔM84 genomic DNAs, relative to K181, observed in the salivary glands and lungs. Immunization of BALB/c mice with 105 PFU of K181, ΔM83, or ΔM84 i.p. provided similar levels of protection against lethal challenge. Although immunization with 200 PFU of ΔM83 also provided complete protection, this dose allowed both the immunizing and challenge viruses to establish latency in the spleen. Our results show that the two MCMV pp65 homologs differ in their expression kinetics, virion association, and influence on viral tropism and/or dissemination.
Optimal Financial Aid Policies for a Selective University

Recent federal cut-backs of financial support for undergraduates have worsened the financial position of colleges and universities and required them to debate how they will allocate their scarce financial aid resources.Our paper contributes to the debate by providing a model of optimal financial aid policies for a selective university-one that has a sufficient number of qualified applicants that it can select which ones to accept and the type of financial aid package to offer each admitted applicant.The university is assumed to derive utility from "quality-units" of different categories (race, sex, ethnic status, income class, alumni relatives, etc.) of enrolled students. Average quality in a category declines with the number of applicants admitted and the fraction of admitted applicants who enroll increases with the financial aid package offered the category.The university maximizes utility subject to the constraint that its total subsidy of students (net tuition revenue less costs including financial aid)is just offset by a predetermined income flow from nonstudent sources (e.g.,endowment). The model implies that the financial aid package to be offered to each category of admitted applicants depends on the elasticity of the fraction who accept offers of admission with respect to the financial aid package offered them, the propensity of the category to enroll, the elasticity of the categorys average quality with respect to the number admitted, and the relative weight the university assigns in the utility function to applicants in the category.While the latter must be subjectively determined by university administrators, the former parameters are subject to empirical estimation.The paper concludes with a case study of one selective institution's dataand illustrates how they may be estimated. Based upon data from the university's admissions and financial aid files, as well as questionnaire data which ascertained what alternative college most admitted freshman applicants were considering and the financial aid packages at the alternative, probit probability of enrollment equations are estimated as are equations that determine how average quality varies with the number admitted for each category. These estimates are then applied to illustrate what the"optimal" financial aid policy would be for the university.
The Evolution of Trading Rules in an Artificial Stock Market

This paper applies evolutionary modeling to expectation formation of an asset's price. As a first step, I consider a population of n investors each of whom takes on one of two possible cultural variants. Every individual is a potential role model for all other individuals and can pass on their variant with a certain probability determined by the relative return to being that type. Different types of traders employ different 'models' which forecast future price and dividend movements. With the two basic types being traders who follow the fundamentals suggested by the CAPM model and those who follow technical trading rules (such as, sell if the price is above it's 50 day moving average). I show that given these two types of simple traders, prices can fluctuate between periods of low volume and volatility and periods of high volume and volatility. Results indicate that, given a random walk fundamental valuation, as the random fluctuations increase in magnitude, technical trading can become more profitable than fundamental trading and for a period dominate the market.
A step towards real-time analysis of major disaster events based on tweets

The most popular micro blogging platform Twitter has been the topic of a variety of research papers related to disaster and crisis management. As an essential first step and basis for a real-time methodology to exploit Twitter for event detection, localization and ultimately semantic content analysis, a functional model to describe the amount of tweets during a day has been developed. It was derived from a corpus of messages in an exemplary area of investigation. To satisfy the different daily behavior on particular days, two types of days are distinguished in this paper. Moreover, keyword-adjusted data is used to point out the potential of semantic tweet analysis in following steps. The consideration of spatial event descriptions in relevant tweets could significantly improve and accelerate the perception of a disaster. The results from the conducted tests demonstrate the capability of the functional model to detect events with significant social impact in Twitter data.
On Using Wiki in an English as a Second Language Course : An Empirical Study

In this poster, we concisely summarize and present our recent results of an empirical study of using Wiki in a freshman-level English as a second language (ESL) course in Taiwan. In this study, we faithfully reflect the scenario of students’ usage on the Wiki website and learning achievements in a real ESL course. A significant, but inverse, relation between students’ editing usage and academic performance was found. This interesting finding challenges some idealistic hypotheses that Wiki is “naturally beneficial” to learning. The result is noteworthy for developing a rigorous model of Wiki-based collaborative learning in reaction to the interest of Wiki application from the educational community.
Multi Scale modeling and intricate study of MEMS based elements in RFID systems

In this paper we have implemented some of the complex modeling aspects such as Multi Scale modeling, MATLAB, Sugar based modeling and have shown the complexities involved in the device modeling of Nano RFID systems taking example of MEMS models. We have shown the modeling and simulation and demonstrated some novel ideas and library development for Nano RFID and its extension for MEMS devices. Reliability and packaging still remains one the major hindrances in practical implementation of Nano RFID based devices and multi scale analysis also can be used in that area. Therefore to work on it by modeling and simulation will play a very important role. Thus incorporating this we can design a Nano-RFID which can be used in areas like human implantation and complex banking applications. We have proposed modeling of RFID using the concept of multi scale modeling to accurately predict its properties for MEMS specific applications. Also we give the modeling of MEMS devices that are proposed recently that can see possible application in RFID. RF MEMS has been matured and its devices are being successfully commercialized but taking it to limits of nano domains and integration with singly chip RFID needs a practical modeling approach which is being proposed. We have modeled 2 MEMS based transponder and shown the distribution for multiscale modeling for Nano RFID.
Security challenges in UAV development

The expanded development and diverse mission operations of unmanned air vehicles (UAV) have exposed information security (INFOSEC) and communication security (COMSEC) concerns that are not easily addressed in traditional federated or currently deployed integrated modular avionics (IMA) systems. The need to operate military UAVs in civil airspace communicating over unclassified links to foreign air traffic control systems and keep sensitive and/or classified information separated without increasing space, weight and power (SWaP) poses challenges to UAV systems architecture. In this paper the MILS (multiple independent levels of security) software architecture will be discussed in relation to how it can fulfill these disparate UAV system design requirements.
Measuring Quality of Collaboratively Edited Documents: The Case of Wikipedia

Wikipedia is a great example of large scale collaboration, where people from all over the world together build the largest and maybe the most important human knowledge repository in the history. However, a number of studies showed that the quality of Wikipedia articles is not equally distributed. While many articles are of good quality, many others need to be improved. Assessing the quality of Wikipedia articles is very important for guiding readers towards articles of high quality and suggesting authors and reviewers which articles need to be improved. Due to the huge size of Wikipedia, an effective automatic assessment method to measure Wikipedia articles quality is needed. In this paper, we present an automatic assessment method of Wikipedia articles quality by analyzing their content in terms of their format features and readability scores. Our results show improvements both in terms of accuracy and information gain compared with other existing approaches.
Vascular Pattern Analysis for the Prediction of Clinical Behaviour in Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas

Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) are neuroendocrine tumors arising from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Related tumors that arise from the paraganglia outside the adrenal medulla are called paragangliomas (PGLs). PCC/PGLs are usually benign, but approximately 17% of these tumors are malignant, as defined by the development of metastases. Currently, there are no generally accepted markers for identifying a primary PCC or PGL as malignant. In 2002, Favier et al. described the use of vascular architecture for the distinction between benign and malignant primary PCC/PGLs. The aim of this study was to validate the use of vascular pattern analysis as a test for malignancy in a large series of primary PCC/PGLs. Six independent observers scored a series of 184 genetically well-characterized PCCs and PGLs for the CD34 immunolabeled vascular pattern and these findings were correlated to the clinical outcome. Tumors were scored as malignant if an irregular vascular pattern was observed, including vascular arcs, parallels and networks, while tumors with a regular pattern of short straight capillaries were scored as benign. Mean sensitivity and specificity of vascular architecture, as a predictor of malignancy was 59.7% and 72.9%, respectively. There was significant agreement between the 6 observers (mean κ = 0.796). Mean sensitivity of vascular pattern analysis was higher in tumors >5 cm (63.2%) and in genotype cluster 2 tumors (100%). In conclusion, vascular pattern analysis cannot be used in a stand-alone manner as a prognostic tool for the distinction between benign and malignant PCC, but could be used as an indicator of malignancy and might be a useful tool in combination with other morphological characteristics.
dSet1 Is the Main H3K4 Di- and Tri-Methyltransferase Throughout Drosophila Development

In eukaryotes, the post-translational addition of methyl groups to histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) plays key roles in maintenance and establishment of appropriate gene expression patterns and chromatin states. We report here that an essential locus within chromosome 3L centric heterochromatin encodes the previously uncharacterized Drosophila melanogaster ortholog (dSet1, CG40351) of the Set1 H3K4 histone methyltransferase (HMT). Our results suggest that dSet1 acts as a “global” or general H3K4 di- and trimethyl HMT in Drosophila. Levels of H3K4 di- and trimethylation are significantly reduced in dSet1 mutants during late larval and post-larval stages, but not in animals carrying mutations in genes encoding other well-characterized H3K4 HMTs such as trr, trx, and ash1. The latter results suggest that Trr, Trx, and Ash1 may play more specific roles in regulating key cellular targets and pathways and/or act as global H3K4 HMTs earlier in development. In yeast and mammalian cells, the HMT activity of Set1 proteins is mediated through an evolutionarily conserved protein complex known as Complex of Proteins Associated with Set1 (COMPASS). We present biochemical evidence that dSet1 interacts with members of a putative Drosophila COMPASS complex and genetic evidence that these members are functionally required for H3K4 methylation. Taken together, our results suggest that dSet1 is responsible for the bulk of H3K4 di- and trimethylation throughout Drosophila development, thus providing a model system for better understanding the requirements for and functions of these modifications in metazoans.
Understanding changes in use cases: A case study

Requirements change and so (should) do requirements artifacts, such as use cases. However, we have little knowledge about which changes requirements engineers actually perform on use cases. We do not know what is changing, at which locations use cases change and need a deeper understanding of which changes are problematic in terms of difficult or risky. To explore these challenges from an industrial point of view, we conducted a mixed methods case study in which we analyze 15 month of changes in use cases in an industrial software project. The study provided interesting observations for both practitioners and researchers involved: First, the most frequently changing use cases had an issue in their structuring. Second, alternative flows (i.e., variations or extensions of the main flow) were especially prone to changes. Third, changes in content (semantic changes) and in presentation of the content (syntactic changes) happen similarly frequently. Last, a qualitative and quantitative analysis aiming at a deeper understanding of problematic changes identified taxonomy changes, as well as locally or temporally dispersed changes as particularly difficult and risky. In this paper, we contribute a first empirical inquiry for understanding the maintainability of use cases: The presented study provides empirical evidence that there are particular maintenance risks and suggests to continuously analyze local and temporal dispersion.