Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Composition Complexity Controls Secondary Organic Yields from Scots Pine Volatile Emissions.

Terpene Aerosol Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) impact climate by scattering and absorbing radiation and contributing to cloud formation. SOA models are based on studies of simplified chemical systems that do not account for the chemical complexity in the atmosphere. This study investigated SOA formation from a mixture of real Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris ) emissions including a variety of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. SOA generation was characterized from different combinations of volatile compounds as the plant emissions were altered with an herbivore stress treatment. During active herbivore feeding, monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions increased, but SOA mass yields decreased after accounting for absorption effects. SOA mass yields were controlled by sesquiterpene emissions in healthy plants. In contrast, SOA mass yields from stressed plant emissions were controlled by the specific blend of monoterpene emissions. Conservative estimates using a box model approach showed a 1.5- to 2.3-fold aerosol enhancement when the terpene complexity was taken into account. This enhancement was relative to the commonly used model monoterpene, “ α -pinene”. These results suggest that simplifying terpene complexity in SOA models could lead to underpredictions in aerosol mass loading. Plants are the largest source of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions globally 1 . After entering the atmos-phere, plant volatiles undergo oxidative chemistry that generate low-volatility vapors and contribute to the pro- duction of biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) 2,3 . Atmospheric any In contrast to our study, the aphid herbivore stress preferentially induced emissions of sesquiterpenes over monoterpenes leading to an increased SQT:MT ratio. Our results suggest in this case that substantially due to the combined effects of overall and drastically increasing the SOA mass yield of the mixture due to increased contribution from sesquiterpenes. Even though our observations after pine weevil herbivory had a drastically different effect on emissions, our conclusions regarding chemical controls on SOA generation are consistent with what was observed in Zhao et al .
Title : A Predictive Epilepsy Index Based on Probabilistic Classification of Interictal Spike 3 Waveforms 4 5

27 Quantification of interictal spikes in EEG may provide insight on epilepsy disease 28 burden, but manual quantification of spikes is time-consuming and subject to bias. We 29 present a probability-based, automated method for the classification and quantification 30 of interictal events, using EEG data from kainate(KA) and saline(SA) injected mice 31 several weeks post-treatment. We first detected high-amplitude events, then projected 32 event waveforms into Principal Components space and identified clusters of spike 33 morphologies using a Gaussian Mixture Model. We calculated the odds-ratio of events 34 from KA versus SA within each cluster, converted these values to probability scores, 35 P(KA), and calculated an Hourly Epilepsy Index for each animal by summing the 36 probabilities for events where the cluster P(KA) > 0.5 and dividing the resultant sum by 37 the record duration. This Index is predictive of whether an animal received an 38 epileptogenic treatment (i.e., KA), even if a seizure was never observed. We applied 39 this method to an out-of-sample dataset to assess epileptiform spike morphologies in 40 five KA animals monitored for ~1 month. The magnitude of the Index increased over 41 time in a subset of animals and revealed changes in the prevalence of epileptiform 42 (P(KA) > 0.5) spike morphologies. Importantly, in both data sets, animals that had 43 electrographic seizures also had a high Index. This analysis is fast, unbiased, and 44 provides information regarding the salience of spike morphologies for disease 45 progression. Future refinement will allow a better understanding of the definition of 46 interictal spikes in quantitative and unambiguous terms. 47
IMPACT OF SPASTICITY ON BALANCE CONTROL DURING QUIET STANDING IN PERSONS POST-STROKE

ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.iii TABLE OF CONTENTS.iv LIST OF TABLES.v LIST OF FIGURES.vi CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION.1 1.1 Rationale and Scope of Thesis.1 1.2 Statement of Hypotheses.2 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.3 2.
POLİTİK RİSK YATIRIMCININ DİKKATE ALMASI GEREKEN BİR RİSK MİDİR? BORSA İSTANBUL ÖRNEĞİ

Bilindigi uzere, gunumuzde yatirimcilarin dikkate almasi gereken bircok risk faktoru vardir. Bu risklerden bazilarindan portfoy olustururken cesitlendirme yoluyla kacinmak mumkunken, bazilarini yonetmek veya mudahale etmek mumkun olmamaktadir. Sistematik risk olarak adlandirdigimiz bu tur risklerin en onemlilerinden birisi de politik risklerdir. Politik risk, bir ulkede yatirimcilari olumsuz etkileyecek hukumet politikalarindaki koklu degisiklikler veya savas, devrim, ic savas, ayaklanma gibi toplumsal olaylarin ortaya cikma olasiligi olarak tanimlanmaktadir. Bu calismanin amaci, politik riskin Borsa Istanbul’da islem goren hisse senetleri fiyatlarini ne boyutta etkiledigini ortaya koymaktir. Bu amacla, ulkemize ait politik risk derecelendirmeleri ve BIST 100 Endeksi arasindaki iliskiyi belirlemek uzere bir takim ekonometrik analizler yapilmistir. Analiz sonuclari, politik riskle borsa endeksi arasinda uzun donemli bir iliski oldugunu ve politik riskteki dalgalanmalarin borsa endeksinde degisim meydana getirdigini gostermektedir. Regresyon analizi ise soz konusu iki degisken arasindaki iliskinin negatif olduguna isaret etmektedir.
Psychometric properties and assessment of the Osteoporosis health Belief scale among the general Arabic population

Background: Any educational program should be implemented with a good understanding of the population’s beliefs. Therefore, the aims of this study were to validate the Arabic version of the Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale (OHBS-A) and assess the osteoprotective attitude among the Iraqi population. Methods: A cross-sectional design, with a random cluster sampling method from the community, was used. The forward–backward–forward translation method was used to translate the questionnaire from English to Arabic. In addition, the Arabic version of Osteoporosis Knowledge Tool (OKT-A) and the Arabic version of Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale (OSES-A) were used to assess the osteoprotective behaviors. Results: The results showed good face validity and reliability. The construct validity analysis showed seven factors that explain 72.82% of the variance. In addition, the results revealed a low health belief score (149.95 ± 35.936) with only 36.67% of the study population found to have a high OHBS-A level. The results showed significant differences among employment status, marital status, and osteoporosis (OP) awareness groups in relation to total OHBS-A scores. In addition, there were significant associations between age groups and OP awareness with health belief levels. Moreover, both exercise and calcium intake subscales of the Osteoporosis Knowledge Tool (OKT) positively correlated with all OHBS-A subscales. Exercise and calcium intake subscales of Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale (OSES) positively correlated with the perceived susceptibility and perceived barriers toward exercise and calcium intake. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that OKT levels, OSES levels, and age were predictors of OHBS-A levels. Conclusion: Besides cultural obstacles, an educational program for both genders and all age groups is important and should be tailored according to culture needs.
Validation of clinical control in COPD as a new tool for optimizing treatment

Background: It has recently been proposed that the concept of clinical control in COPD may be useful for deciding treatment in COPD, but the original control criteria (OCC) were considered too restrictive. Objective: Define and subsequently validate “modified” control criteria (MCC) of COPD. Method: Prospective observational study in COPD patients with a 1-year follow-up. Control was defined as the presence of low clinical impact and clinical stability. To evaluate clinical impact, the following clinical parameters were assessed: the degree of dyspnea, use of rescue medication, physical activity, and sputum color. Stability was assessed by clinical changes and exacerbations in the last 3 months. The COPD assessment test score and their changes were also evaluated as alternative control criteria. To define the MCC, adjustment for disease severity using BODEx index (MCC-B) or FEV 1 (MCC-F) was evaluated, and the best cutoff point was established. Time to first combined event (emergency visit, hospitalization, or death) was analyzed to evaluate the predictive capacity of risk of the OCC, MCC-B, and MCC-F. Results: We included 265 patients, 224 (83.9%) men, with a mean age ( ± SD) of 68 ± 9 years and FEV 1 of 58% ± 17%. The proportion of controlled patients was higher using clinical MCC-B or MCC-F (61.5% and 59.6%) than OCC (27.5%). Similar percentages were found using COPD assessment test scores. The time to the first combined event was significantly greater in controlled patients using MCC criteria ( P , 0.001, all cases). The predictive capacity of risk was similar in MCC-B (c-statistic [C] = 0.639) and MCC-F (C = 0.637) and higher than OCC (C = 0.589). Conclusions: The new MCC identified a higher number of controlled COPD patients. These patients have a better quality of life and lower risk of poor outcomes. The concept of control and the new MCC could be a useful tool to optimize therapy.
WASP family proteins and formins compete in pseudopod- and bleb-based migration.

unable to grow, make pseudopods or, unexpectedly, migrate using blebs. Remarkably, amounts and dynamics of actin polymerization are normal. Pseudopods are replaced in double SCAR/WASP mutants by aberrant filopods, induced by the formin dDia2. Further disruption of the gene for dDia2 restores cells’ ability to initiate blebs and thus migrate, though pseudopods are still lost. Triple knockout cells still contain near-normal F-actin levels. This work shows that SCAR, WASP, and dDia2 compete for actin. Loss of SCAR and WASP causes excessive dDia2 activity, maintaining F-actin levels but blocking pseudopod and bleb formation and migration.
radioembolization versus chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis of randomized trials

Purpose: This study aimed to compare clinically relevant outcomes following transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and transarterial radioembolization (TARE) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using only prospective randomized clinical trials as a source of information. Materials and methods: A meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy of TARE and TACE in treating patients with unresectable HCC. Only prospective randomized trials were included in the quantitative analysis. Overall and progression-free survival, disease control rate, and transplantation rate were the variables under analysis. Results: Overall survival at 1 year was similar between the two treatment groups (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.56–3.04, P = 0.53). Progression-free survival at 1 year was also not statistically different between the two treatments (OR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.02–2.45, P = 0.22). Although a higher proportion of patients underwent transplantation in the TARE group (30% vs 20.8%), this difference was not statistically significant (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.23–2.01; P = 0.49). Conclusion: TARE and TACE provide similar outcomes in unresectable HCC. The role of TARE should be explored in selected patient subpopulations in future clinical trials.
iTextMine : Integrated Text Mining System for Large-Scale Knowledge Extraction from Literature

We describe the iTextMine system with an automated workflow to run multiple text-mining tools on largescale text for knowledge extraction. We employ parallel processing for dockerized text mining tools with a common JSON output format, and implement a text alignment algorithm to align entity offsets in the text for result integration. iTextMine presently consists of four relation extraction tools and has processed all Medline abstracts. The website (http://research.bioinformatics.udel.edu/itextmine) allows users to browse the text evidence and view integrated results for knowledge discovery through a network visualization. Keywords—text-mining, relation extraction, text annotation, knowledge integration
Collimated protons accelerated from an overdense gas jet irradiated by a 1 micron wavelength high-intensity short-pulse laser

We have investigated proton acceleration in the forward direction from a near-critical density hydrogen gas jet target irradiated by a high intensity (10^18 W/cm^2), short-pulse (5 ps) laser with wavelength of 1.054 micron. We observe the signature of shock acceleration driven by the laser pulse, leading to monoenergetic proton beams with small divergence in addition to the commonly used electron-sheath driven proton acceleration. The proton energies we obtained are modest (~MeV), but prospects for improvement are offered through tailoring the gas jet density profile. Also, we observe that this mechanism is very robust in producing those beams and thus can be considered as a future candidate in laser-driven ion sources driven by the upcoming next generation of multi-PW near-infrared lasers.
Outcomes After Kidney injury in Surgery (OAKS): protocol for a multicentre, observational cohort study of acute kidney injury following major gastrointestinal and liver surgery

Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality following cardiac surgery. Data focusing on the patterns of AKI following major gastrointestinal surgery could inform quality improvement projects and clinical trials, but there is a lack of reliable evidence. This multicentre study aims to determine the incidence and impact of AKI following major gastrointestinal and liver surgery. Methods and analysis This prospective, collaborative, multicentre cohort study will include consecutive adults undergoing gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or reversal of ileostomy or colostomy. Open and laparoscopic procedures in elective and emergency patients will be included in the study. The primary end point will be the incidence of AKI within 7 days of surgery, identified using an adaptation of the National Algorithm for Detecting Acute Kidney Injury, which is based on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) AKI guidelines. Secondary outcomes will include persistent renal dysfunction at discharge and 1 year postoperatively. The 30-day adverse event rate will be measured using the Clavien-Dindo scale. Data on factors that may predispose to the development of AKI will be collected to identify variables associated with AKI. Based on our previous collaborative studies, a minimum of 114 centres are expected to be recruited, contributing over 6500 patients in total. Ethics and dissemination This study will be registered as clinical audit at each participating hospital. The protocol will be disseminated through local and national medical student networks in the UK and Ireland.
Metalloprotoporphyrin Inhibition of HCV NS3-4A Protease: Structure – Activity Relationships

Background: Antiviral actions of tetrapyrroles have been described in a number of systems. Our goal was to evaluate antagonism of the HCV NS3-4A protease by a variety of common porphyrins and characterize structure – activity relationships that may be useful for future drug design of HCV and related Flaviviruses . Methods: Using ﬂ uorometric assays, common metalloprotoporphyrins (MPP) all inhibited NS3-4A protease with IC 50 values in low micromolar ranges [CoPP (1.4 µM) < ZnPP = MnPP = SnPP < CuPP < FePP (6.5 µM) = protoporphyrin]. Results: Lineweaver – Burk plots con ﬁ rmed that MPP: NS3 inhibition was basically competitive. All tested MPPs inhibited HCV genotype 1A, 1B, 2A and 3A recombinant proteases with the same ﬁ delity suggesting wide antagonistic capabilities. However, when the MPPs were tested in cellular incubations with HCV replicons only Zn, Fe and free-base protoporphyrin showed comparable EC 50 and IC 50 values suggesting that there may be critical differences in MPP uptake and intracellular availability. Meso, deutero, and isohematoporphyrin derivatives, with or without metal substitution, all showed less anti-protease and antiviral activities as compared to protoporphyrins, suggesting that the planar, vinyl side chains are important for protease active site binding. MPPs were also active against three common protease mutants (T54A, A156T, and V36M) with equivalent or better IC 50 values as compared to wild type enzyme. Conclusion: These ﬁ ndings document the versatility of MPPs as antiviral agents with an expanded sensitivity for HCV genotypes and resistance to some common viral mutations. The results also suggest that further study of MPP structure and function will be useful for the development of new antiviral agents. characterize structure – activity relationships. Our results identify the structural requirements for protoporphyrins that enhance anti-NS3 activity. These studies identify a class of antiviral agents with a broad range of HCV genotype activities and overall effectiveness against resistant protease mutations and suggest a new structural platform for further development.
Intelligence and Personality as Predictors of Illness and Death: How Researchers in Differential Psychology and Chronic Disease Epidemiology Are Collaborating to Understand and Address Health Inequalities

Do smarter people live longer and better? Are certain personality types more prone to premature death than other types? As our population continues to age in dramatic numbers, these questions become increasingly relevant. A new report in Psychological Science in the Public Interest, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, authored by Ian J. Deary (University of Edinburgh), Alexander Weiss (University of Edinburgh), and G. David Batty (Medical Research Council Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Glasgow), provides an overview of research on possible associations between intelligence and personality traits and various health outcomes. Lower scores on intelligence tests have been connected to a greater overall risk of mortality. In terms of specific conditions, there is little evidence that links intelligence to cancer, but low intelligence has been shown to be related to increased risk of hospital admission and death due to cardiovascular disease. Lower intelligence is also associated with a greater incidence of accidents and risk of death by homicide. Along with intelligence, some personality traits—for instance, conscientiousness—are also associated with longevity. Higher conscientiousness is related to slower disease progression in HIV patients and has been linked to lower levels of inflammatory molecules as well. More importantly, there is a strong correlation between conscientiousness and health-promoting behaviors. So a conscientious patient may be more likely to adhere to a complex treatment regimen than a less conscientious patient. These results have important clinical implications, and it may be useful for doctors to take their patients’
MiiP is downregulated in gastric cancer and its forced expression inhibits proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo

Background: MIIP is associated with cancer progression in various cancers. However, its expression pattern, and associated molecular mechanisms in gastric cancer (GC) progression are still mysterious. We aimed to explore the role of MIIP in proliferation and invasion of GC. Materials and methods: MIIP expression was evaluated in human GC tissues and cell lines. Public clinical database of GC patients was used to probe the correlation between MIIP expression and prognosis of patients. The effects of forced MIIP expression on GC cells were determined by MTT, cell cycle distribution, colony formation, wound-healing and Transwell assays in vitro, as well as in vivo growth of subcutaneous tumor xenografts and metastasis of xenografted tumors to the lungs in mice. The expressions of GC progression-associated genes, including HOTAIR , MALAT1 , HDAC6, AC-tubulin, and cyclin D1, were assessed by Western blotting or qRT-PCR. Results: Both GC tissues and GC cell lines had lower MIIP expression. Higher level of MIIP in GC tissues predicts better survival in patients. Ectopic expression of MIIP in GC cell lines BGC823 and HGC27 induced G 0 /G 1 cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in vitro, as well as the growth of GC xenografts and metastasis of tumors in vivo. Furthermore, overexpression of MIIP suppressed mRNA expressions of HOTAIR and MALAT1, decreased protein expression of HDAC6 and cyclin D1, and elevated AC-tubulin protein expression. Conclusion: MIIP is a suppressor for GC progression and is a potential therapeutic target for treating GC.
CASTp: computed atlas of surface topography of proteins with structural and topographical mapping of functionally annotated residues

Cavities on a proteins surface as well as specific amino acid positioning within it create the physicochemical properties needed for a protein to perform its function. CASTp () is an online tool that locates and measures pockets and voids on 3D protein structures. This new version of CASTp includes annotated functional information of specific residues on the protein structure. The annotations are derived from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), Swiss-Prot, as well as Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), the latter contains information on the variant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are known to cause disease. These annotated residues are mapped to surface pockets, interior voids or other regions of the PDB structures. We use a semi-global pair-wise sequence alignment method to obtain sequence mapping between entries in Swiss-Prot, OMIM and entries in PDB. The updated CASTp web server can be used to study surface features, functional regions and specific roles of key residues of proteins.
Use of ICS/LABA (extra-fine and non-extra-fine) in elderly asthmatics

: Age represents an exclusion criterion in randomized clinical trials designed to test the efficacy and safety of inhaled drugs in asthma. As a consequence, data on efficacy and safety of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting β 2 agonist (LABA) combinations in elderly asthmatics are scanty. Older age is associated with an increased proportion of comorbid conditions; in addition, all organ functions undergo a process of senescence, thus reducing their ability to metabolize the agents. Overall, these age-associated conditions may variably, and often unpredictably, affect the metabolism and excretion of respiratory drugs. However, pharmacological treatment of asthma does not follow specific recommendations in the elderly. of coordination between activation of the device and inhalation, and systemic adverse events, mainly due to the greater amount of active drug that is available because of the age-associated changes in organ functions as well as drug-to-drug and drug-to-concomitant disease interactions. The extra-fine formulations of ICSs/LABAs, which allow for a more favorable drug deposition in the lungs at a reduced dose, may contribute to overcome this issue. This review revises the efficacy and safety of treatment with ICSs/LABAs, focusing on the main pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of the drugs and highlighting the potential risks in the elderly asthmatic population.