Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Collagen Type I Containing Hybrid Hydrogel Enhances Cardiomyocyte Maturation in a 3D Cardiac Model

In vitro maturation of cardiomyocytes in 3D is essential for the development of viable cardiac models for therapeutic and developmental studies. The method by which cardiomyocytes undergoes maturation has significant implications for understanding cardiomyocytes biology. The regulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) by changing the composition and stiffness is quintessential for engineering a suitable environment for cardiomyocytes maturation. In this paper, we demonstrate that collagen type I, a component of the ECM, plays a crucial role in the maturation of cardiomyocytes. To this end, embryonic stem-cell derived cardiomyocytes were incorporated into Matrigel-based hydrogels with varying collagen type I concentrations of 0 mg, 3 mg, and 6 mg. Each hydrogel was analyzed by measuring the degree of stiffness, the expression levels of MLC2v, TBX18, and pre-miR-21, and the size of the hydrogels. It was shown that among the hydrogel variants, the Matrigel-based hydrogel with 3 mg of collagen type I facilitates cardiomyocyte maturation by increasing MLC2v expression. The treatment of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) or fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF-4) on the hydrogels further enhanced the MLC2v expression and thereby cardiomyocyte maturation.
Adaptive finite element discretization in PDE‐based optimization

This article surveys recent developments in the adaptive numerical solution of optimal control problems governed by partial differential equations (PDE). By the Euler‐Lagrange formalism the optimization problem is reformulated as a saddle‐point problem (KKT system) that is discretized by a Galerkin finite element method (FEM). Following the Dual Weighted Residual (DWR) approach the accuracy of the approximation is controlled by residual‐based a posteriori error estimates. This opens the way toward systematic complexity reduction in the solution of PDE‐based optimal control problems occurring in science and engineering (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electromagnetic coupling between localized and surface plasmons

We report on the electromagnetic interactions between a two-dimensional periodic arrangement of resonant gold nanoparticles and a flat gold metallic film. We observe multi-peaks in the extinction spectra attributed to resonant modes of the hybrid system, resulting from the coupling between the Localized Plasmon of the nanoparticles with the underlying Surface Plasmon Mode. Simulations based on the Fourier modal method give good agreement with the experimental measurements and allow for the identification of the respective contributions.
Local color correction of stereo pairs

The interest in the production of stereoscopic contents is growing rapidly. Stereo material can be produced using different solutions, from high level devices to standard digital cameras suitably coupled. In the latter case, color correction in stereoscopic images is complex, due to possible different Color Filter Arrays or settings in the two acquisition devices: users must often tune each camera separately, and this can lead to visible color inter-differences in the stereo pair. The color correction methods often considered in the post-processing stage of stereoscopic production are mainly based on global transformations between the two views, but this approach can not completely recover relevant limits in the gamuts of each image due to color distortions. In this paper we evaluate the application of perceptually-based spatial color computational models, based or inspired by Retinex theory, to pre-filter the stereo pairs. Spatial color algorithms apply an unsupervised local color correction to each pixel, based on a simulation of color perception mechanisms, and were proven to effectively reduce color dominants and adjust local contrasts in images. We filtered different stereoscopic streams with visible color differences between right and left frames, using a GPU version of the Random Spray Retinex (RSR) algorithm, that applies in few seconds an unsupervised color correction, and the Automatic Color Equalization (ACE) algorithm, that considers both White Patch and Gray World equalization mechanisms. We analyse the effect of the computational models both by visual assessment and by considering the changes in the image gamuts before and after the filtering.
Oscillatory flow inside a square cavity

The flow inside a square cavity, generated by a uniform oscillatory motion of the upper cavity wall, is investigated. Numerical solutions of the full unsteady Navier–Stokes equations are computed for a selection of Reynolds’ numbers and frequency parameters in the range 0–600. These results show that the steady streaming component of the flow, in general, comprises two main, equal, contrarotating eddies, situated in the upper half of the cavity (one on either side of the cavity centreline) and two weaker, equal, contrarotating eddies, situated in the lower section of the cavity (again one on either side of the cavity centreline).
Controller Placement in Software-Defined Satellite Networks

Software-defined satellite networks (SDSN) move the control logic off the forwarding devices and into the external controller, which achieves network flexibility, programmability, evolvability, and visibility. The controller placement in SDSN, as the foundation of SDSN implementation, has been seldom studied. In this paper, we proposed a three-layer hierarchical controller architecture for software-defined geostationary earth orbit/low earth orbit (GEO/LEO) satellite networks. Specifically, network operations control center (NOCC) is deployed as super controller, GEO satellites are domain controllers, and a part of LEO satellites are slave controllers. Based on this architecture, we further proposed a slave controller selection strategy to facilitate cost reduction and stability enhancement. The feasibility of this controller architecture is validated in terms of the maximum switch to controller and controller to controller delays. Besides, the influences of service request distribution on these two control delays are analyzed.
Finding solutions to Einstein's equations in terms of invariant objects

The method for constructing geometries in terms of a set consisting of the curvature tensor and a finite number of its covariant derivatives is extended to determine the isometry group and to find the full line-element. Comparisons are made with other tetrad methods. Two perfect fluid examples with LRS are given to illustrate the formalism: one static, conformally flat case and one stationary, rotating case with vanishing magnetic part of the Weyl tensor.
Simple, adjustable beam splitting element for differential interferometers based on photoelastic birefringence of a prismatic bar

We examine the prototypical Toepler optical arrangement for the visualization of phase objects and consider the effect of different contrast elements placed at the focus of the source. In particular, Wollaston prism beam splitting elements based on the crystallographic birefringence of calcite or quartz find application in differential interferometry systems based on the Toepler arrangement. The focus of the current article is a simple low cost alternative to the Wollaston prism that is realized by inserting a prismatic bar constructed of a photoelastic material into the optical path. It is shown that, under the action of an applied bending moment, the prismatic bar functions as a first-order approximation to a Wollaston prism. Results are derived for the divergence angle of the beam splitter for orthogonally polarized rays. The implementation of a practical device is discussed and representative experimental results are presented, taken from the field of shock wave visualization in supersonic flow.
Tracking control of sampled-data fuzzy-model-based control systems

The tracking control approach for the sampled-data fuzzy-model-based control systems is presented. Compared with the stabilisation problem, tracking control problem is more difficult as the system states of the nonlinear plant are required to be driven to follow those of the stable reference model. A sampled-data fuzzy controller is proposed to realise the tracking control problem. The sampling activity introduces discontinuity, which complicates the closed-loop system dynamics and makes the system analysis difficult. As a result, the stability analysis approach used in pure-continuous fuzzy control systems cannot be applied. Furthermore, favourable characteristics that lead to relaxed stability analysis results vanish because of the existence of the sampling activity. The system stability is investigated using the Lyapunov-based approach. The membership function information of both fuzzy model and fuzzy controller is employed to alleviate the conservativeness of the stability analysis results. LMI-based stability conditions are derived to aid the design of stable sampled-data fuzzy-model-based tracking control systems. An application example is given to illustrate the merits of the proposed approach.
Does endorsement rhetoric matter in citizen science?

ABSTRACT This study analyzed the influence of rhetoric in the endorsement text on the willingness of the crowd to participate in citizen science projects. Four categories of endorsers were studied: professors, students, industrial researchers, and amateur researchers. Using 1243 endorsement texts from 543 citizen science projects as the corpus, the effects of the standalone techniques (ethos, pathos, and logos) and mixed-rhetoric techniques of persuasion were examined empirically. The results informed that pathos and logos had significant advantages over ethos. Taking a mixed-rhetoric approach to the endorsement text with a mix of pathos (55%) and logos (45%) maximized the appeal of citizen science projects, and the influence of this approach had an inverted U-shaped effect. On the identity of the endorsers, the professors, students, and amateur researchers shared a similar rhetorical approach, while the industrial researchers shared another. However, from the influence of endorsement rhetorical strategies, the impact of amateur researchers was consistent with that of the industrial researchers (both pathos and logos were positive); and professors (only logos was positive) and students (only pathos was positive) reveal some differences. Finally, endorsement rhetoric strategies exerted a greater influence on the humanities and social science projects than on the natural science projects.
Individual Level Models for Mobility Tables and other Cross-Classifications

In recent years a number of methods have been developed for introducing continuous covariates into mobility analyses and into the study of cross-classified data more generally. Drawing on the work of Logan, this article shows how McFadden's Conditional Logit Model can be used to fit existing log-linear models and can incorporate into them the effects of continuous covariates. The method is illustrated using a simple example.
Formation of chemically stable GeO2 on the Ge surface with pulsed metal–organic chemical vapor deposition

For realizing high quality Ge 3-dimensional channel devices, GeO2 deposition technique is essentially required. In the case of the formation of high-k/GeO2/Ge gate stacks by using deposition method, a high-k layer has to be directly deposited on the GeO2/Ge structure which causes the degradation of interface properties of high-k/GeO2/Ge gate stacks. Therefore, the enhancement of the chemical stability of the GeO2 interlayer is a crucial issue. Recently, the deposition technique of a GeO2 thin layer has been developed, which is called as pulsed metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (pulsed MOCVD) method from tetraethoxy-germanium and H2O. In this study, we investigate the crystalline structure and resistance towards water etching of GeO2 films formed by using pulsed MOCVD method. The GeO2 film formed by the pulsed MOCVD method shows higher water resistance and the possibility of the crystallization compared with the thermal oxidation method. Taking into account that the suppression of the GeO2 reduction .
Approach Guidance with Double-Line-of-Sight Measuring Navigation Constraint for Autonomous Rendezvous

Based on double-line-of-sight measuring relative navigation method, an approach guidance law with the triangle-measuring constraint is presented for autonomous rendezvous. The observability of double-line-of-sight measuring relative navigation system is analyzed using the state estimation error covariance matrix. The triangle-measuring navigation constraint is described as a keep-out cone. The approach guidance law is designed via artificial potential function method. It is ensured that there is a high region of potential in the keep-out cone and the potential still has a unique minimum at the goal position. Numerical simulations are undertaken to verify the guidance method proposed. The results indicate that the control impulses of the potential function guidance ensure convergence of the chase spacecraft to reach the goal position without violating the navigation keep-out zone.
Efficient Local Memory Support for Approximate Computing

Given the saturation of single-threaded performance improvements in General-Purpose Processors (GPPs), novel architectural techniques are required to meet emerging demands. In this paper, we propose a generic acceleration framework for approximate algorithms that replaces computation with table look-up accesses in dedicated memories. At compile time, annotated application kernels are automatically profiled using sample inputs, and the most representative input-output mappings of each kernel are selected by using K-Means Clustering and saved in the program binary. At runtime, these mappings are loaded into dedicated look-up tables, and kernel execution is replaced by hardware execution of the Nearest-Centroid Classifier, which selects from memory the best matching output to the region. We show a comparison with a similar framework based on neural acceleration and that, under similar levels of quality, the proposed approach achieves on average three times better performance and energy with significant area savings, thus opening new opportunities for performance harvesting in approximate accelerators.
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope Project

The Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) is a new, 6-meter aperture, millimeter-wave telescope that will be located at an altitude of 5200 meters in the Chilean Andes. ACT will be fielded with the Millimeter Bolometric Array Camera (MBAC). The MBAC will incorporate arrays of "pop-up" bolometers using multiplexed Transition Edge Sensors (TES), developed at NASA/GSFC and NIST. The camera will consist of three arrays for multi-frequency ground-based millimeter observations near 150, 220 and 270 GHz. The goal is to map the cosmic microwave background and discover Sunyaev-Zel'dovich clusters. Associated follow-up observations of the clusters will be taken at optical and X-ray wavelengths.
Robust Current Controller for IPMSM Drives Based on Explicit Model Predictive Control With Online Disturbance Observer

To improve the performance of a current loop, this paper presents a novel current control scheme for an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) based on the model predictive control (MPC) algorithm in a synchronous rotating frame (dq-frame). The recently developed explicit MPC (EMPC) is introduced to ensure the feasibility of real-time implementation in the control hardware. To achieve feasible reformulation of the current control problem using EMPC, a coupled nonlinear IPMSM mathematical model is linearized using an augmented model with disturbance. Furthermore, to approximate the related quadratic stator current and voltage constraints in the dq-frame, they are also transformed into a series of linear inequalities. We propose an improved disturbance observer based on the augmented model, in conjunction with the concept of offset-free MPC, to estimate both the disturbance terms and the state variables from the predicted and measured outputs. All the influences of plant/model mismatches and un-modeled nonlinear terms are removed by the estimated total disturbance within the closed-loop framework of EMPC. The proposed EMPC scheme not only improves both the dynamic performance and the steady-state precision of the current loop, but it also exhibits robustness against parameter uncertainties. The proposed method has been proven and verified successfully in both simulation and experiment.
A Theoretical Note on the Stochastics of Moderated Multiple Regression

An examination of the stochastics of moderated multiple regression (MMR) reveals that MMR is an appropriate technique when predictors are fixed variables (i.e., values of predictor variables are selected) and the distribution of errors is normal but is not an appropriate technique when predictors are random variables (i.e., values of predictor variables are obtained through random sampling) and the joint distribution of criterion and predictor variables is multivariate normal. The forner situation is characteristic of experimental research, whereas the latter situation is characteristic of observational studies. Thus findings of negligible moderator effects in observational research may be due to inappropriate application of MMR to situations in which predictors should be viewed as random variables.
Alternative Quasi-Newton Methods for Capacitated User Equilibrium Assignment

Two quasi-Newton methods are proposed to deal with traffic assignment in a capacitated network. The methods combine Newton formula, column generation, and penalty techniques. The first method uses the gradient of the objective function to obtain an improving feasible direction scaled by the second-order derivatives. The second one uses a Rosen gradient to obtain an improving direction scaled by the corresponding origin–destination demand. Both methods make a line search to obtain an optimal step size to guarantee the feasibility of either path or link flow. The proposed methods are of fast convergence and high accuracy at the expense of saving path information. Numerical examples verify their efficiency and stability. The quasi-Newton method with a straight gradient demonstrates more stability than the Rosen gradient for capacitated traffic assignment.
Reliability Evaluation of Vehicle-Bridge Dynamic Interaction

The reliability of vehicle–bridge dynamic interaction is evaluated. A time domain transfer matrix method for dynamic analysis is proposed. Using the idea of the Newmark- β method, the partial differential equation of beam vibration is transformed into a differential equation. Then, this differential equation is solved by the transfer matrix method. By using D’Alembert’s principle, the dynamic equations of vehicle–bridge interaction can be formulated. An iteration scheme is adopted to deal with the coupled terms in dynamic equations of vehicle–bridge system. Through integrating the first-order reliability method and transfer matrix method, the dynamic reliability of the vehicle–bridge system is studied. Through two numerical examples, the effects of system parameters on dynamic reliability of the vehicle–bridge system are investigated.
Large polarization change in two-dimensional metallic photonic crystals in subterahertz region

Interesting polarization characteristics of two-dimensional metallic photonic crystals (2D-MPC) in the subterahertz region have been found. We measured the temporal wave form of the THz wave transmitted thorough the 2D-MPC using a THz time domain spectroscopic system. The linear polarization of the incident THz wave transmitted through the 2D-MPC becomes elliptical with a slight tilting of the incident angle from the normal incidence. This result indicates that the 2D-MPC behaves not only as a band-pass filter already reported, but also as a wave plate. This large polarization change is attributed to the strong TE–TM polarization mixing in the 2D-MPC.
Classification of Tweets Related to Illegal Activities in Thai Language

This paper presents classification of tweets related to illegal activities in Thai language. The unfiltered nature of Twitter allows it to be used as platform for communication about illegal activities. The sheer number of tweets makes an automatic tweet classification needed to detect these illegal tweets. Very little had been done about this issue, especially in the Thai language. Tweets classification is more difficult that standard text classification due to their short length colloquial nature. Furthermore, the training data is imbalanced because legal tweets are very easy to find while illegal tweets of specific types are quite hard to come by. We propose a tree-like hierarchical model where each node is a full deep neural network based on convolutional LSTM architecture. In order to deal with highly imbalanced training data, tweets were classified in two stages: legal/illegal first before being classified among the illegal classes. Furthermore, ensemble classifiers were used to detect difficult illegal classes that were misclassified as legal by the first stage. Experiment result shows that this approach has significantly better performance than the baseline of using only a single network to classify among all classes in a single stage.
Modeling of IEEE 9-Bus System with Load Flow and Short Circuit Analyses

: Load Flow and Short Circuit Analyses have been performed on standard IEEE 9-Bus System. This paper is going to describe in detail how these analyses were performed and what results were achieved. In addition to the performance of these two analyses on the standard test system, they were also performed by removing a voltage-controlled generator from the test system. It is revealed that by removal of a generator, the magnitude of short-circuit fault current in a system would reduce as compared to the case where all generators were present in the system.
Surface‐acoustic‐wave devices with low sensitivity to mechanical and thermoelastic stresses.

Surface‐acoustic‐wave (SAW) devices with a low sensitivity to both temperature and stresses effects are presented and experimentally tested. Devices are built on SAW quartz cuts with zero first‐order temperature coefficient and zero sensitivity to planar isotropic stresses. In comparison with similar devices built on conventional (ST, X) cuts, two kinds of experiments are reported. First, devices built on circular quartz plates are submitted to in‐plane diametrical compressions. The force‐frequency effect is measured and results are compared to theoretical predictions either by analytical models or using finite element analysis. In a second experiment, the same devices are submitted to in‐plane thermoelastic stresses in a dynamical thermal regime. It is shown that the sensitivity of the new cuts to dynamical thermal effects is one order of magnitude lower than the conventional (ST, X) cut, an attractive potentiality for fast‐warm‐up high‐stability SAW oscillators in severe environmental conditions.
Image interpolation as a boundary value problem

Image interpolation is the determination of unknown pixels based on some known pixels. The conventional interpolation methods such as pixel replication, bilinear interpolation, and cubic spline interpolation, assume that the known pixels are located regularly on a Cartesian mesh. They cannot be easily extended to other cases where the configurations of the known pixels are different. We propose a novel formulation of the image interpolation problem to deal with the more general cases, such as the case where a region of image is missing and the case where the known pixels are irregularly placed. The interpolation problem is formulated into a boundary value problem involving the Laplacian equation and the known pixels as the boundary conditions. The matrix equation resulting from the formulation has a unique solution. It can be solved efficiently by the successive over-relaxation (SOR) iteration. The advantage of the proposed interpolation method lies in its flexibility in handling the general cases of interpolation.