Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Duration of Protection in Campylobacter jejuni Experimental Infection in Humans

ABSTRACT A human Campylobacter jejuni infection model provided controlled exposure to assess vaccine efficacy and investigate protective immunity for this important diarrheal pathogen. A well-characterized outbreak strain, C. jejuni 81-176, was investigated using a volunteer experimental infection model to evaluate the dose range and duration of protection. Healthy Campylobacter-seronegative adults received C. jejuni strain 81-176 via oral inoculation of 105, 107, or 109 CFU (5 adults/dose), which was followed by clinical and immunological monitoring. Based on dose range clinical outcomes, the 109-CFU dose (n = 31) was used to assess homologous protection at 28 to 49 days (short-term veterans [STV]; n = 8) or 1 year (long-term veterans [LTV]; n = 7) after primary infection. An illness dose effect was observed for naïve subjects (with lower doses, 40 to 60% of the subjects were ill; with the 109-CFU dose, 92% of the subjects were ill) along with complete protection for the STV group and attenuated illness for the LTV group (57%). Partial resistance to colonization was seen in STV (25% of the subjects were not infected; 3-log-lower maximum excretion level). Systemic and mucosal immune responses were robust in naïve subjects irrespective of the dose or the severity of illness. In contrast, in STV there was a lack of circulating antibody-secreting cells (ASC), reflecting the local mucosal effector responses. LTV exhibited comparable ASC responses to primary infection, and anamnestic fecal IgA responses likely contributed to self-resolving illness prior to antibiotic treatment. Campylobacter antigen-dependent production of gamma interferon by peripheral blood mononuclear cells was strongly associated with protection from illness, supporting the hypothesis that TH1 polarization has a primary role in acquired immunity to C. jejuni. This study revealed a C. jejuni dose-related increase in campylobacteriosis rates, evidence of complete short-term protection that waned with time, and immune response patterns associated with protection.
Fully Adaptive Multigrid Methods

Adaptivity is a key concept for the eective numerical solution of dierential equations. The multilevel solution of elliptic partial dierential equations can be combined with adaptive mesh renement and an adaptive choice of the discretization order. Additionally, adaptivity may be built into the relaxation and the multilevel cycling strategy. The goal of these fully adaptive methods is to spend work only where it is most eective in the solution process. This approach includes concepts like local relaxation and not only leads to particularly fast convergence but also to additional robustness and generality. The ecient implementation of fully adaptive multilevel methods in a nite element framework will be discussed. 1. Introduction. Multilevel methods are among the most ecient solvers for dis-cretized elliptic partial dierential equations. In this paper we will introduce an extension of conventional multigrid, the fully adaptive multigrid technique FAMe. In contrast to conventional adaptive multilevel codes we will use adaptivity not only in mesh generation but also in the solver itself. Though the ideas developed in this paper have much broader applicability, we concentrate on the special case of a scalar, two-dimensional, linear, elliptic equation. Our model problem is the stationary diusion equation
Corporate Interest Rates and the Financial Accelerator in the Czech Republic

We analyze the determinants of corporate interest rates and the financial accelerator in the Czech Republic. Using a unique panel of 448 Czech firms from 1996 to 2002, we find that selected balance sheet indicators significantly influence the firmspecific interest rates. Debt structure and cash flow have significant effects on interest rates, whereas indicators on collateral play no significant role. Monetary policy has stronger effects on smaller firms than on medium-size and larger firms. Finally, we find no asymmetric effects in the monetary policy over the business cycle.
Segmented Overdetermined Nonlinear Independent Component Analysis for Online Neural Filtering

In particle collider experiments a huge amount of information is produced, but only a small part is relevant for physics characterization. An efficient filtering (trigger) system is required to guarantee that valuable signatures will be recorded and most of the background noise rejected. In previous works the standard linear independent component analysis (ICA) model was used for feature extraction and good results were obtained, but it is known that the measured signals are modified by some sort of nonlinear phenomena. Another characteristic of our particular application is that there exists more sensors than original sources (the problem is over determined). In this work is proposed a novel structural model for the over determined Non-linear ICA problem. Multi-layer perceptron networks were applied for nonlinear mixing function estimation. The extracted nonlinear independent components were used to feed a neural filter that performs online particle classification with high discrimination performance.
KNIGHTM: A Multi-Camera Surveillance System

In this paper, we present an automated wide area surveillance system that detects, tracks, classifies moving objects across multiple cameras. In addition, it detects unusual activities carried out by objects in the area under observation. At the single camera level, objects are detected using a robust background subtraction approach, then tracking is performed using a voting scheme that utilizes color and shape cues to establish correspondence. The system uses the single camera tracking results along with the relationship between camera field of view (FOV) boundaries to establish correspondence between views of the same object in multiple cameras. The proposed approach combines tracking in cameras with overlapping and/or non-overlapping FOVs in a unified framework, without requiring explicit calibration. The proposed algorithm has been implemented in a system with real time warning and report generation capability. The system uses client-server architecture and runs at 10 Hz with three cameras.
Annie Petit, Le système d’Auguste Comte. De la science à la religion par la philosophie

Annie Petit, professeur emerite de philosophie de l’universite Paul-Valery de Montpellier, a travaille depuis de nombreuses annees sur l’œuvre d’Auguste Comte et de ses disciples, celle de ses inspirateurs, ainsi que sur l’histoire et le devenir de la pensee positiviste. Ses articles ou prefaces sur et autour d’Auguste Comte en font l’une des grandes specialistes de la pensee du xixe siecle. Une premiere synthese de ses travaux a ete realisee dans sa these soutenue en 1993, Heurs et malheurs .
Data Warehousing: A Logical Approach in Organization

In this research paper will decide manage the design, development, and logical operation of even a single organization's warehouse can be a difficult and time consuming program. In this paper, we present the first steps to ensure a successful data warehouse development effort. The paper of objective is the problem should be clear, be specific, and have testable criteria for success. If specify these problems and get customer and organization report. This approach is successfully identified on our client's data warehouse and data development tool. The data warehouse is developing by scratch; the user uses strange data by the easiest way. In this condition counts the data through online analysis tools. The data analysis tools will compare in terms of cost, purpose and user friendliness logical approach. It is not upgrading existing databases or converting from one or more legacy systems. It will have a long list "things about that don't work right" to start with.
Associations between Genes in the One-Carbon Metabolism Pathway and Advanced Colorectal Adenoma Risk in Individuals with Low Folate Intake

Background: Folate is essential for one-carbon metabolism, a pathway required by DNA synthesis, methylation, and repair. Low dietary and circulating folate and polymorphic variation in this pathway are associated with increased risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer. Methods: We genotyped 882 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in 82 one-carbon metabolism genes for 1,331 cases of advanced colorectal adenoma, identified by sigmoidoscopy at baseline, and 1,501 controls from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO). We evaluated associations between one-carbon genes and adenoma risk in all subjects and stratified by folate intake. We applied the Adaptive Rank Truncated Product (ARTP) method to assess statistical significance at the gene and pathway levels. Results: Folate intake was inversely associated with advanced colorectal adenoma risk [odds ratio (OR) by quartile = 0.85, P = 1.9 × 10−5]. We found no statistically significant associations between one-carbon genes and adenoma risk in all subjects. As hypothesized, we observed a statistically significant pathway-level association (P = 0.038) in the lowest quartile of folate; no significant associations were found in higher quartiles. Several genes including adenosine deaminase (ADA) and cysteine dioxygenase (CDO1) contributed to this signal (gene-level P = 0.001 and 0.0073, respectively). The most statistically significant SNP was rs244072 in ADA (P = 2.37 × 10−5). Conclusions and Impact: Stratification by dietary folate and application of the ARTP method revealed statistically significant pathway- and gene-level associations between one-carbon metabolism genes and risk of advanced colorectal adenoma, which were not apparent in analysis of the entire population. Folate intake may interact with associations between common variants in one-carbon metabolism genes and colorectal adenoma risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(3); 417–27. ©2012 AACR.
M ay 2 00 0 Reduction of covers and Hurwitz spaces

In this paper we study the reduction of Galois covers of curves, from characteristic zero to positive characteristic. The starting point is a recent result of Raynaud, which gives a criterion for good reduction for covers of the projective line branched at three points. We use the ideas of Raynaud to study the case of covers of the projective line branched at four points. Under some condition on the Galois group, we generalize the criterion for good reduction of Raynaud. As a new ingredient, we use the Hurwitz space of such covers. Combining our results on reduction of covers with the Hurwitz space approach, we are able to describe the reduction of the Hurwitz space modulo p and compute the number of covers with good reduction. 2000 Mathematical Subject Classification: 14H30, 14G32
2 Bojan Mohar of graphs in surfaces are treated in Mohar and Thomassen

Graph minors and the theory of graphs embedded in surfaces are fundamentally interconnected. Robertson and Seymour used graph minors to prove a generalization of the Kuratowski Theorem to arbitrary surfaces [37], while they also need surface embeddings in their Excluded Minor Theorem [45]. Various recent results related to graph minors and graphs on surfaces are presented.
Pupil Dynamics Reflect Behavioral Choice and Learning in a Go/NoGo Tactile Decision-Making Task in Mice

The eye’s pupil undergoes dynamic changes in diameter associated with cognitive effort, motor activity and emotional state, and can be used to index brain state across mammalian species. Recent studies in head-fixed mice have linked arousal-related pupil dynamics with global neural activity as well as the activity of specific neuronal populations. However, it has remained unclear how pupil dynamics in mice report trial-by-trial performance of behavioral tasks, and change on a longer time scale with learning. We measured pupil dynamics longitudinally as mice learned to perform a Go/NoGo tactile decision-making task. Mice learned to discriminate between two textures presented to the whiskers by licking in response to the Go texture (Hit trial) or withholding licking in response to the NoGo texture (Correct Reject trial, CR). Characteristic pupil dynamics were associated with behavioral choices: large-amplitude pupil dilation prior to and during licking accompanied Hit and False Alarm (FA) responses, while smaller amplitude dilation followed by constriction accompanied CR responses. With learning, the choice-dependent pupil dynamics became more pronounced, including larger amplitude dilations in both Hit and FA trials and earlier onset dilations in Hit and CR trials. A more pronounced constriction was also present in CR trials. Furthermore, pupil dynamics predicted behavioral choice increasingly with learning to greater than 80% accuracy. Our results indicate that pupil dynamics reflect behavioral choice and learning in head-fixed mice, and have implications for understanding decision- and learning-related neuronal activity in pupil-linked neural circuits.
Efficiency of Information Coding in Various L/M Retinal Cone Ratios

Received: 28 March 2012 First Revision: 25 April 2012 Accepted: 25 July 2012 Ali Yoonessi1,3, Mojtaba Hajihasani4, Shahriar Gharibzadeh4, Mohammadreza Zarrindast1,3, Ahmad Yoonessi5 1. School Of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. Eye Research Center, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3. Iranian National Center For Addiction Studies, Tehran, Iran. 4. Department Of Biomedical Engineering,Amirkabir University Of Technology, Tehran, Iran. 5. Mcgill Vision Research, Mcgill University, Montreal, Canada.
An Optical and Near Infrared Search for Brown Dwarfs in the Pleiades Cluster

We have carried out a brown dwarf search over an area of 14 × 23 arcmin 2 near the central portion of the Pleiades open cluster in five optical and near-infrared bands ( i' , Z , J , H , Ks ) with 10σ detection limits of i' ∼ 22.0, J ∼ 20.0 and Ks ∼ 18.5 mag. The surveyed area has large extinction in excess of AV= 3 in the Pleiades region. We detected four new brown dwarf candidates from the colour–colour ( J − K , i' − J ) and the colour–magnitude ( J , i ′ − K ) diagrams. We estimated their masses as 0.046 M⊙ down to 0.028 M⊙. The least massive one is estimated to have a mass smaller than Roque25 or int-pl-IZ-69, and possibly the lowest-mass object found so far in the Pleiades cluster.
Harnessing the power of mobile technology to bridge the digital divide: a look at U.S. cities’ mobile government capability

ABSTRACT As more U.S. citizens utilize mobile capabilities, mobile government is increasingly seen as a way for cities to provide government services and opportunities for citizen participation. M-government is also more accessible to citizens than are typical e-government platforms, which require Internet connectivity or a wireless network. Utilizing public value theory as a framework, this paper discusses mobile capacity as it relates to the digital divide. This study examines the mobile readiness of the 200 most populous U.S. cities, and particularly the extent to which these cities have adopted mobile technologies that uphold the tenets of e-democracy and public value theory.
Decreased Expression of MiRNA-204-5p Contributes to Glioma Progression and Promotes Glioma Cell Growth, Migration and Invasion

Gliomas are the most common malignant primary brain tumors in adults and exhibit a spectrum of aberrantly aggressive phenotype. Although increasing evidence indicated that the deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to tumorigenesis and invasion, little is known about the roles of miR-204-5p in human gliomas. In the present study, the expression of miR-204-5p in clinical glioma tissues was measured by qRT-PCR. The effects of miR-204-5p on glioma cell growth and metastasis were examined by overexpressing or inhibiting miR-204-5p. We found that the expression level of miR-204-5p was significantly reduced in clinical glioma tissues compared with normal brain tissues. Moreover, we revealed that the introduction of miR-204-5p dramatically suppressed glioma cell growth, migration and invasion. Furthermore, mechanistic investigations revealed that RAB22A, a member of the RAS oncogene family, is a direct functional target of miR-204-5p in gliomas. In vivo, restoring miR-204-5p expression in glioma cells suppressed tumorigenesis and increased overall host survival. Our findings suggest that miR-204-5p is a cancer suppressor miRNA and overexpression of miR-204-5p is a novel glioma treatment strategy.
Parkinson’s disease managing reversible neurodegeneration

Traditionally, the Parkinson’s disease (PD) symptom course has been classified as an irreversible progressive neurodegenerative disease. This paper documents 29 PD and treatment-induced systemic depletion etiologies which cause and/or exacerbate the seven novel primary relative nutritional deficiencies associated with PD. These reversible relative nutritional deficiencies (RNDs) may facilitate and accelerate irreversible progressive neurodegeneration, while other reversible RNDs may induce previously undocumented reversible pseudo-neurodegeneration that is hiding in plain sight since the symptoms are identical to the symptoms being experienced by the PD patient. Documented herein is a novel nutritional approach for reversible processes management which may slow or halt irreversible progressive neurodegenerative disease and correct reversible RNDs whose symptoms are identical to the patient’s PD symptoms.
CTH02-4: When Does One Redundant Parity-Check Equation Matter?

We analyze the effect of redundant parity-check equations on the error-floor performance of low-density parity- check (LDPC) codes used over the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Our findings show that a large number of iterative decoding errors in the [2640,1320] Margulis code, confined to point trapping sets in the standard Tanner graph, can be corrected if only one redundant parity-check equation is added to the decoder's matrix. We also derive an analytic expression relating the number of rows in the parity-check matrix of a code and the parameters of trapping sets in the code's graph.
The physical conditions within dense cold clouds in cooling flows - II

This is a progress report on our numerical simulations of conditions in the cold cores of cooling flow condensations. The physical conditions in any non-equilibrium plasma are the result of a host of microphysical processes, many involving reactions that are research areas in themselves. We review the dominant physical processes in our previously published simulations, to clarify those issues that have caused confusion in the literature. We show that conditions in the core of an X-ray-illuminated cloud are very different from those found in molecular clouds, largely because carbon remains substantially atomic and provides powerful cooling through its far infrared lines. We show how the results of the Opacity Project have had a major impact on our predictions, largely because photoionization cross-sections of atoms and first ions are now calculated to be far larger than estimated previously. Finally, we show that the predicted conditions are strongly affected by complexities such as microturbulence or the presence of small amounts of dust. Large masses of cold dense gas, in addition to the warmer molecular gas detected recently, could be present in cooling flows.
Bit-rate reduction using psychoacoustical masking model in Frequency Domain Linear Prediction based Audio Codec

Frequency Domain Linear Prediction (FDLP) gives an approximation of the Hilbert envelopes of a signal. FDLP based Codec works with long temporal segments and keeps the information carried by the time-domain envelopes very well. The codec gives good quality of the reconstructed signal, but coding efficiency is not enough. Here Frequency masking is introduced to FDLP based codec to reduce the bit-rate. Frequency masking is a hearing phenomenon that the hearing threshold of a sound will increase if an intense sound exists simultaneously. The psychoacoustics model is used to estimate the hearing threshold and the absolute threshold of hearing (ATH) of the FDLP carrier signals, and bit allocation for frequency sub-bands FDLP carrier signal is calculated according to the threshold and ATH. 5% bit-rate reduction is obtained with the application of the frequency masking. Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality (PEAQ) and Multiple Stimuli with Hidden Reference and Anchor (MUSHRA) test are carried out to evaluate the performance.
On Coding for the Broadcast Phase in the Two-Way Relay Channel

In this paper, we address the problem of designing practical codes for the broadcast phase in the two-way relay channel. The paper provides guidelines for the use of well-developed single-user codes in the bidirectional broadcast channel, with the goal of achieving or closely approaching the performance bounds. In case of finite alphabet channels with the channel distortion being independent of the channel input, the performance of our coding scheme only depends on the performance of the base codes on the corresponding single-user channels. If the involved single-user codes provides the best possible performance, so also does the proposed coding scheme for the bidirectional broadcast channel.
Autism Treatment: Families’ Use Varies Across U.S. Regions

Many treatment types are available for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and various factors affect treatment selection. This study investigated potential variations in treatment types selected by parents in all four U.S. Census Bureau Regions + Montreal, Quebec. Data from 2,647 families from the Simons Simplex Collection were analyzed, and statistically significant differences in using various treatment types were found, depending on where families lived. For example, compared with other Regions, families from the Northeast were more likely to have used most treatment types queried, whereas families from the South and Midwest were more likely to have used psychotropic medications. Statistically significant differences were also found within geographical regions. Understanding variations in the use of treatment types by families affected by ASD is important in identifying needs and opportunities for services in different locations. These findings have implications for addressing families’ treatment access and use when they are considered in terms of both research and practice policies.
Molecular mechanisms of statin intolerance

Statins reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in primary and secondary prevention. Despite their efficacy, many persons are unable to tolerate statins due to adverse events such as hepatotoxicity and myalgia/myopathy. In the case of most patients, it seems that mild-to-moderate abnormalities in liver and muscle enzymes are not serious adverse effects and do not outweigh the benefits of coronary heart disease risk reduction. The risk for mortality or permanent organ damage ascribed to statin use is very small and limited to cases of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Statin-induced muscle-related adverse events comprise a highly heterogeneous clinical disorder with numerous, complex etiologies and a variety of genetic backgrounds. Every patient who presents with statin-related side effects cannot undergo the type of exhaustive molecular characterization that would include all of these mechanisms. Frequently the only solution is to either discontinue statin therapy/reduce the dose or attempt intermittent dosing strategies at a low dose.