Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Second Hamming Code Used in Radiation Hardened Communication Environment

The event upset is the main concern of reliability in space communication. Among all event upset tolerant techniques, error detecting and correcting coding technique is simple and effective to protect the communication of micro-processor between the memory and register. This paper propose a second hamming code technique which can improve the error detecting and error correcting capacity based on minimum Hamming distance. Therefore, this second hamming code technique can be used in radiation hardened communication environment. Experiment results have also proved that second hamming code is complexity and is effective to error detecting and correcting.
Color Preferences and Personality Traits of CAS Faculty: Gender Differences

This study determined the color preferences of the faculty members of the College of Arts and Sciences and if their preference has a relation with their personality traits. The study also determined the gender differences in the color preferences and personality traits of the respondents. The study made use of the descriptive method of research. The Big Five Personality Test was utilized to determine the personality traits of the respondents. Ninety faculty members of the College responded to the questionnaire. Findings revealed that there is a gender difference in the color preference of the respondents. Most of the males prefer blue while most of the females prefer red. As regards their personality traits, both the male and female respondents are well organized but neither are particularly sound nor reserved. The males are more forgiving and relaxed while the females are more conventional. There is no significant relationship between the color preference of the male respondents and their personality traits. The personality traits of the male-respondents are more or less the same regardless of their color preference. On the part of the females, a significant relationship exists between color preference and personality traits. Female-respondents who prefer blue as their color tend to be conscientious. Those who prefer red tend to be calm/relaxed. Those who have a preference for yellow tend to be close-minded or calm/relaxed. Those who like green better tend to be agreeable.
Screening for Colorectal Cancer by Immunochemical Fecal Occult Blood Testing

Screening for colorectal cancer using the conventional Hemoccult test has been shown to reduce mortality associated with cancer by 33% through a randomized controlled trial. However, the magnitude of effectiveness is small in terms of cost‐effectiveness. The recently developed immunochemical fecal occult blood test (IFOBT) provides a potential replacement for the Hemoccult test as a screening test, due to its superior performance characteristics such as higher sensitivity shown in preliminary studies and the fact that it does not require any dietary restriction. The IFOBT method is reviewed, especially in relation to its specificity. In known colorectal cancer subjects, IFOBTs have shown both higher sensitivity and specificity than the Hemoccult test. Similarly, IFOBT has demonstrated a higher sensitivity than Hemoccult for colorectal cancer in an asymptomatic population. A nationwide screening program in Japan has demonstrated the feasibility of this approach for large population screening. However, the positivity rate varied according to the conditions at each screening facility. Therefore, technical factors that influence the positivity rate of IFOBTs in the screening program are discussed. Case‐control studies have strongly suggested that screening using IFOBT would reduce mortality from colorectal cancer by 60% or more. Several observational studies have provided support for this estimate. The feasibility and effectiveness of population‐based screening by IFOBT are discussed.
Calcium and glycolysis mediate multiple bursting modes in pancreatic islets.

Pancreatic islets of Langerhans produce bursts of electrical activity when exposed to stimulatory glucose levels. These bursts often have a regular repeating pattern, with a period of 10-60 s. In some cases, however, the bursts are episodic, clustered into bursts of bursts, which we call compound bursting. Consistent with this are recordings of free Ca2+ concentration, oxygen consumption, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intraislet glucose levels that exhibit very slow oscillations, with faster oscillations superimposed. We describe a new mathematical model of the pancreatic beta-cell that can account for these multimodal patterns. The model includes the feedback of cytosolic Ca2+ onto ion channels that can account for bursting, and a metabolic subsystem that is capable of producing slow oscillations driven by oscillations in glycolysis. This slow rhythm is responsible for the slow mode of compound bursting in the model. We also show that it is possible for glycolytic oscillations alone to drive a very slow form of bursting, which we call "glycolytic bursting. " Finally, the model predicts that there is bistability between stationary and oscillatory glycolysis for a range of parameter values. We provide experimental support for this model prediction. Overall, the model can account for a diversity of islet behaviors described in the literature over the past 20 years.
The role of psychopathology in the parenting of drug-dependent women

This paper explores the parenting of drug-dependent women and the contributions of comorbid psychopathology to their parenting. A sample of 32 children whose mothers were dependent on opioid drugs during pregnancy and 37 children whose mothers were not drug users were followed from birth to middle childhood. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted contrasting whether maternal substance abuse or psychopathology was more closely linked to parenting behaviors and continuity in parenting over time. Maternal drug dependence was related to whether mothers were able to remain primary caregivers for their children over time, even after controlling for psychopathology. Maternal drug use was related to unresponsive and negative parenting behavior during mother–infant interaction, but this relation was largely accounted for by the effects of comorbid maternal psychopathology on parenting, particularly symptoms of antisocial and related personality disorders. For those children whose mothers continued to care for them into middle childhood, perceptions of their mothers as rejecting were related to maternal antisocial personality and maternal depression. Substance-abuse treatment for women should be integrated with interventions addressing their mental health and parenting needs.
“My Room! Private! Keep Out! This Means You!”: A Brief Overview of the Emergence of the Autonomous Teen Bedroom in Post–World War II America

This article offers a brief explanation as to why the autonomous teen bedroom became a normative feature of family life in the United States during the years following World War Two. An exclusive space that was largely restricted to middle-class, urban-dwelling girls during the Victorian era and interwar years, the teen bedroom underwent a process of democratization during the postwar years, as demographic/economic trends, shifting views on child-rearing, and the flowering of a consumer-oriented teen culture helped lay the groundwork for the emergence of the teen bedroom ideal among boys and girls from a wide variety of socioeconomic backgrounds. Particular attention is paid to shifts in family size, income, and home size; the roles played by American youth and various business interests in turning the teen bedroom into a favored site of leisure and consumption; and the growing importance of child development theory and popular child-rearing advice in positioning the teen bedroom as an important tool in the maturation process.
A Practical Measure of Impairment: Psychometric Properties of the Impairment Rating Scale in Samples of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Two School-Based Samples

Assessing impairment is an explicit component of current psychiatric diagnostic systems. A brief parent and teacher rating scale for assessing impairment was developed and studied using attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as an exemplar disorder. The psychometric properties of the Impairment Rating Scale (IRS) were measured in 4 samples. Two included ADHD and matched comparison children and the other 2 a school sample. Overall, IRS ratings exhibited very good temporal stability. They correlated with other impairment ratings and behavioral measures and displayed evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. The IRS was highly effective in discriminating between children with and without ADHD. Evidence that the parent and teacher IRS accounted for unique variance beyond ratings of ADHD symptoms is also presented. The scale is brief, practical, and in the public domain. The results of the studies and implications for the assessment of impairment are discussed.
Feasibility study of an actuator for flapping flight using fluid-structure interaction analysis

An actuator for a middle-sized flapping flight robot is quantitatively investigated. Flapping flight like that of insects is a potentially useful method of travel for micro robots. Some insect-mimicking robots have been developed, which have actuators with two or more degrees of freedom per wing. For the detailed design of such an actuator, it is necessary to deal with the interaction between the behavior of the actuator and the aerodynamic forces generated by the actuation. In particular, the torque and power requirements of each degree of freedom are essential in the choice of a suitable motor, but it is impossible to determine these without considering the interaction between the driving force of the actuator and the reaction force of the wing from the surrounding airflow. Here, we achieved an analysis of the mechanical aspects of flapping flight, actuator and wing, using finite element analysis based on the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method, which can treat the fluid-structure interaction problem properly. We worked out the spec of motors for the 2DOF actuator, and investigated the structural tolerance. We developed a useful tool for the design of flapping flight robots
The physiology of growth in apple fruits. III. Cell characteristics and respiratory activity of light and heavy crop fruits.

Cell size, total and protein nitrogen, and preclimacteric respiration have been studied for light and heavy crop fruit of certain Tasmanian-grown apple varieties. Differences in size of fruit from light and heavy crops have been shown to be due mainly to differences in cell size rather than in cell number. Respiration per cell, protein nitrogen per cell, and cell volume were closely intercorrelated but respiration per unit protein is greater in light crop fruit than in heavy crop.
TJP: Identifying the Polarity of Tweets from Contexts

The TJP system is presented, which participated in SemEval 2014 Task 9, Part A: Contextual Polarity Disambiguation. Our system is ‘constrained’, using only data provided by the organizers. The goal of this task is to identify whether marking contexts are positive, negative or neutral. Our system uses a support vector machine, with extensive pre-processing and achieved an overall F-score of 81.96%.
Accelerated ice discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula following the collapse of Larsen B ice shelf

Interferometric synthetic‐aperture radar data collected by ERS‐1/2 and Radarsat‐1 satellites show that Antarctic Peninsula glaciers sped up significantly following the collapse of Larsen B ice shelf in 2002. Hektoria, Green and Evans glaciers accelerated eightfold between 2000 and 2003 and decelerated moderately in 2003. Jorum and Crane glaciers accelerated twofold in early 2003 and threefold by the end of 2003. In contrast, Flask and Leppard glaciers, further south, did not accelerate as they are still buttressed by an ice shelf. The mass loss associated with the flow acceleration exceeds 27 km3 per year, and ice is thinning at rates of tens of meters per year. We attribute this abrupt evolution of the glaciers to the removal of the buttressing ice shelf. The magnitude of the glacier changes illustrates the importance of ice shelves on ice sheet mass balance and contribution to sea level change.
Mitigating the squash effect: sloths breathe easily upside down

Sloths are mammals renowned for spending a large proportion of time hanging inverted. In this position, the weight of the abdominal contents is expected to act on the lungs and increase the energetic costs of inspiration. Here, we show that three-fingered sloths Bradypus variegatus possess unique fibrinous adhesions that anchor the abdominal organs, particularly the liver and glandular stomach, to the lower ribs. The key locations of these adhesions, close to the diaphragm, prevent the weight of the abdominal contents from acting on the lungs when the sloth is inverted. Using ventilation rate and body orientation data collected from captive and wild sloths, we use an energetics-based model to estimate that these small adhesions could reduce the energy expenditure of a sloth at any time it is fully inverted by almost 13%. Given body angle preferences for individual sloths in our study over time, this equates to mean energy saving of 0.8–1.5% across individuals (with individual values ranging between 0.01 and 8.6%) per day. Given the sloth's reduced metabolic rate compared with other mammals and extremely low energy diet, these seemingly innocuous adhesions are likely to be important in the animal's energy budget and survival.
Learning at the Speed of Readiness: An Express Learning Model

Mainstream higher education classroom practices have not always followed sound pedagogical research. Increased Internet-based accessibility to information and varietal student learning preferences have prompted discourse in opposition to mainstream management education in the business disciplines. The article postulates a learning model that optimizes the time that higher education students spend on a course or unit of teaching. The basis of the conceptual model is found in hospitality and tourism, business, education, and educational psychology theory. The article explores the theoretical and philosophical roots of critical pedagogy and their benefits to hospitality and tourism education. Including critical pedagogy and accelerated learning methods in curricula results in positive outcomes on three levels: individual freedom, social justice, and business management productivity. The model advances learning, instructional, and pedagogical theory, forming the foundation of future empirical studies concerning the teaching professor’s practices and overall pedagogical improvement.
The Novel Yeast PAS Kinase Rim15 Orchestrates G0-Associated Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms

The highly conserved PKA and TOR proteins define key signaling pathways that control cell proliferation in response to growth factors and/or nutrients. In yeast, inactivation of PKA and/or TOR causes cells to arrest growth in early G1 and induces a program that is characteristic of G0 cells. We have recently shown that the protein kinase Rim15 integrates both PKA- and TOR-mediated signals. In this work, we demonstrate that the Rim15-activated genomic expression program following glucose limitation at the diauxic shift is mediated by the three transcription factors Gis1, Msn2, and Msn4. The Rim15 regulon comprises several gene clusters implicated in the adaptation to respiratory growth, including classical oxidative stress genes such as SOD1 and SOD2, suggesting that the reduced life span of rim15? cells may be due to their deficiency in oxidative damage prevention. Interestingly, we found that the primary amino acid sequence of Rim15 includes in its amino-terminal part a conserved PAS domain, known to act as a sensor for a variety of stimuli. We propose that Rim15 has evolved to integrate nutrient signals (transduced via TOR and PKA) and redox and/or oxidative stress signals to appropriately induce a transcriptional program that ensures survival in G0.
Early structural remodeling and deuterium oxide-derived protein metabolic responses to eccentric and concentric loading in human skeletal muscle

We recently reported that the greatest distinguishing feature between eccentric (ECC) and concentric (CON) muscle loading lays in architectural adaptations: ECC favors increases in fascicle length (Lf), associated with distal vastus lateralis muscle (VL) hypertrophy, and CON increases in pennation angle (PA). Here, we explored the interactions between structural and morphological remodeling, assessed by ultrasound and dual x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA), and long‐term muscle protein synthesis (MPS), evaluated by deuterium oxide (D2O) tracing technique. Ten young males (23 ± 4 years) performed unilateral resistance exercise training (RET) three times/week for 4 weeks; thus, one‐leg trained concentrically while the contralateral performed ECC exercise only at 80% of either CON or ECC one repetition maximum (1RM). Subjects consumed an initial bolus of D2O (150 mL), while a 25‐mL dose was thereafter provided every 8 days. Muscle biopsies from VL midbelly (MID) and distal myotendinous junction (MTJ) were collected at 0 and 4‐weeks. MPS was then quantified via GC–pyrolysis–IRMS over the 4‐week training period. Expectedly, ECC and CON RET resulted in similar increases in VL muscle thickness (MT) (7.5% vs. 8.4%, respectively) and thigh lean mass (DXA) (2.3% vs. 3%, respectively), albeit through distinct remodeling: Lf increasing more after ECC (5%) versus CON (2%) and PA increasing after CON (7% vs. 3%). MPS did not differ between contractile modes or biopsy sites (MID‐ECC: 1.42 vs. MID‐CON: 1.4% day−1; MTJ‐ECC: 1.38 vs. MTJ‐CON: 1.39% day−1). Muscle thickness at MID site increased similarly following ECC and CON RET, reflecting a tendency for a contractile mode‐independent correlation between MPS and MT (P = 0.07; R2 = 0.18). We conclude that, unlike MT, distinct structural remodeling responses to ECC or CON are not reflected in MPS; the molecular mechanisms of distinct protein deposition, and/or the role of protein breakdown in mediating these responses remain to be defined.
Adaptive proportional-integral speed controller for direct torque control of induction motor using neural networks

The design and implementation of an adaptive neural network based proportional-integral controller (NNPIC) were carried out on the direct torque control (DTC) system. The proposed controller consists of neural network and projection algorithm, in order to tune its parameters adaptively online under environmental variations. The experimental results proved that the performance of the proposed controller was quite better than the conventional PI controller by the criterion, root-mean-square-error (RMSE).
The Candida albicans ATO Gene Family Promotes Neutralization of the Macrophage Phagolysosome

ABSTRACT Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that causes a variety of diseases, ranging from superficial mucosal to life-threatening systemic infections, the latter particularly in patients with defects in innate immune function. C. albicans cells phagocytosed by macrophages undergo a dramatic change in their metabolism in which amino acids are a key nutrient. We have shown that amino acid catabolism allows the cell to neutralize the phagolysosome and initiate hyphal growth. We show here that members of the 10-gene ATO family, which are induced by phagocytosis or the presence of amino acids in an Stp2-dependent manner and encode putative acetate or ammonia transporters, are important effectors of this pH change in vitro and in macrophages. When grown with amino acids as the sole carbon source, the deletion of ATO5 or the expression of a dominant-negative ATO1 G53D allele results in a delay in alkalinization, a defect in hyphal formation, and a reduction in the amount of ammonia released from the cell. These strains also form fewer hyphae after phagocytosis, have a reduced ability to escape macrophages, and reside in more acidic phagolysosomal compartments than wild-type cells. Furthermore, overexpression of many of the 10 ATO genes accelerates ammonia release, and an ato5Δ ATO1 G53D double mutant strain has additive alkalinization and ammonia release defects. Taken together, these results indicate that the Ato protein family is a key mediator of the metabolic changes that allow C. albicans to overcome the macrophage innate immunity barrier.
Russian Yers and Prosodic Structure

In this paper I investigate a previously neglected aspect of the phonology of Russian vowel-∅ alternations involving verbal prefixes and prepositions. There is evidence both for and against the notion that prepositions and verbal prefixes — which I will call P, for short — have identical phonological behavior. There are at least two processes that suggest that P forms a unified phonological category. Final devoicing and vowel reduction both treat the unit consisting of P and the following material as a single phonological word (for a detailed argumentation, see Matushansky 2001, Steriopolo 2007, Gribanova 2009, 2010). Crucially, P is unified for the purposes of these two processes, in that prefixes and prepositions are phonologically indistinguishable. On the other hand, the vowel-zero alternation known as yer realization appears to distinguish the two categories (Gribanova 2009). This leads Gribanova to posit a stratal analysis where the two members of P attach at different levels in the phonology. In sum, the diagnostics on the nature of P are paradoxical. The key to solving the paradox is that the empirical complexity of the yer facts has been underappreciated. Here I take a closer look at the data on yer realization with prepositions, using both the Russian National Corpus (RNC) and Google. Once the facts are sorted out, and once the intricate phonotactic, syntactic, and lexical factors that affect yer realization are brought to light, it is possible to resolve the two paradoxes by inferring the correct prosodic representation of the structures. In the following section I outline the yer facts relevant to the phonology of prepositions, and propose a prosodic analysis. Section 3 summarizes the facts of the so-called rule of stress retraction, whose behavior parallels that of yers in relevant ways, and supports the analysis. In Section 4, I argue that the behavior of yers and of stress retraction in verbal prefixes, while superficially dissimilar to that in prepositions, in fact shows the same characteristics, and must be analyzed in the same way, vindicating the phonological unity of P.
Research on Explicit and Tacit Knowledge Interaction in Software Process Improvement Project

This research develops a knowledge model for Software Process Improvement (SPI) project based on knowledge creation theory and its twenty-four measurement items, and proposes two hypothesizes about the interaction of explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge in SPI. Eleven factors are extracted through statistical analysis. Three knowledge-creation practices for capturing tacit knowledge contribute greatly to SPI, which are communication among members, crossover collaboration in practical work and pair programming. Two knowledge-creation practices for capturing explicit knowledge have significant positive impact on SPI, which are integrating project document and on-the-job training. Ultimately, suggestions for improvement are put forward, that is, encouraging communication among staff and integrating documents in real time, and future research is also illustrated.