Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementaion of 3D Collaborative Object Detection Systems using RGB-D Sensors

Recently, artificial intelligence technology has been actively applied to the defense field. In this paper, we propose a method for collaboratively detecting objects on 3D coordinates based on data collected from various viewpoints by multiple RGB-D sensors to increase object detection rates in poor warfare environments. In Chapter 2, we describe the structure, design and implementation of our Collaborative Object Detection Systems and present future research directions in Chapter 3.
Dynamics of a circular cylinder interacting with point vortices

The paper studies the system of a rigid body interacting dynamically with point vortices in a perfect fluid. For arbitrary value of vortex strengths and circulation around the cylinder the system is shown to be Hamiltonian (the corresponding Poisson bracket structure is rather complicated). We also reduced the number of degrees of freedom of the system by two using the reduction by symmetry technique and performed a thorough qualitative analysis of the integrable system of a cylinder interacting with one vortex.
Material Texture Retrieval Using Contourlet-2.3 and Three Statistical Features

To improve the retrieval rate of contourlet transform texture retrieval system, a contourlet-2.3 transform based retrieval system was proposed. Six different features, including mean, standard deviation, absolute mean energy, L2 energy, skewness and kurtosis contributions to retrieval rates were examined. Based on the single feature ability in retrieval system, a contourlet-2.3 retrieval system was proposed. The feature vectors were constructed by cascading the standard deviation, absolute mean energy and kurtosis of each sub-band contourlet coefficients and the similarity measure used here is Canberra distance. Experimental results on 109 brodatz texture images show that the new retrieval algorithm can lead to a higher retrieval rate than several contourlet transform retrieval systems including the original contourlet transform, non-subsampled contourlet transform under the same structure.
Basal Cell Carcinoma—A Retrospective Descriptive Study Integrated in Current Literature

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is considered to be the most common cancer in humans. It has a slow growth rhythm, and for this reason, metastases are rare. For our retrospective study, we selected 180 patients from those who underwent surgery for a variety of skin tumours between January 2019 and August 2022 and whose histopathological examination revealed basal cell carcinoma. All surgeries were performed by plastic surgeons at the “St. John” hospital in Bucharest. The aim of this article is to provide observational data regarding BCC—in terms of histopathology and diagnostic and therapeutic management and to integrate these data into the current knowledge of this pathology.
A simulation-based comparison of two methods for determining the treatment effect in children diagnosed with hyperkinetic disorder

Abstract In order to show the effect of treatment, the change between two repeated psychometric measurements at the individual level should be estimated. The simplest method is to calculate the absolute difference between two measurements. However, measurements obtained in a clinical setting are often influenced by other changes not related to the treatment. One of the typical sources of error is regression to the mean (RTM). Iachina and Bilenberg (2012) propose a new method to adjust to the RTM effect. In this work, we will evaluate the performance of absolute difference method and adjusted method in a simulation study.
Fast single-image dehazing method for visible-light systems

Abstract. Optical imaging systems are often degraded by scattering due to atmospheric particles such as haze, fog, and mist. According to the physical model of atmospheric scattering, two major factors that affect the effect of fog removal are discussed. By using joint probability density definition and the proposed joint mean shift filtering algorithm, discontinuity preserving smoothing and image segmentation are addressed in the sequel to refine the atmospheric veil and estimate the atmospheric light, which overcomes the inherent limitations of the state-of-the-art methods. Simulation results on a variety of outdoor foggy images demonstrate that the proposed method achieves short computation time and good restoration for visibility and color fidelity. An embedded vision enhanced system based on a DSP is designed and runs the proposed algorithm at 15 fps for a color frame of 720×576 pixels.
Damage Analysis of Rectangular Section Composite Beam under Pure Bending

Laminated composite beams are commonly used in engineering applications involving macro to nano structures. Based on the assumption that plain sections remain plain after deformation, this paper analyzes stress distributions in cross-ply laminated composite beams with rectangular cross-sections, and formulates the basic damage equations through Kachanov's damage definition and Janson's failure criterion. The location of the neutral axis and the ultimate bending moment are obtained for pure bending cases. The effect of the elastic modulus of the two layers on the damage evolution is analyzed; a reasonable damage composite beam model is proposed to predict the ultimate bending moment.
Web Accessibility Challenges for Disabled and Generation of Alt Text for Images in Websites using Artificial Intelligence

There are millions of visually impaired persons worldwide, and their numbers are continually increasing due to the ageing of the baby-boomer generation. The Internet may be extremely beneficial to blind individuals because it allows them to achieve things that they would otherwise be unable to complete without the assistance of others (such as reading mail or managing bank accounts). Education services and online shopping is also increasing day by day in the world of internet. So it is important that education websites, online shopping websites should be accessible to all regardless of their disabilities. This study describes challenges in accessibility of Indian Universities website especially for Visually Impaired. It also discusses its solutions by generating alternate text for images in websites through Artificial Intelligence techniques
An Implicit Method for a Reconstructed Discontinuous Galerkin Method on Tetrahedron Grids

An implicit method for a reconstructed discontinuous Galerkin (RDG) method is presented to solve compressible flow problems on tetrahedron grids. The idea is to combine the accuracy of the RDG method and the efficiency of implicit methods to obtain a better numerical algorithm in computational fluid dynamics. A least-squares reconstruction method is presented to obtain a quadratic polynomial representation of the underlying linear discontinuous Galerkin solution on each cell via an in-cell reconstruction process. The devised in-cell reconstruction is able to augment the accuracy of the DG method by increasing the order of the underlying polynomial solution. A matrix-free GMRES (generalized minimum residual) algorithm with an LU-SGS (lower-upper symmetric Gauss- Seidel) preconditioner is presented to solve an approximate system of linear equations arising from the Newton linearization. The implicit method is used to compute a variety of three-dimensional problems on tetrahedron grids to assess its accuracy and robustness. The numerical experiments demonstrate that the implicit reconstructed discontinuous Galerkin method can obtain an overall speedup of more than two orders of magnitude for all test cases compared with multi-stage Runge-Kutta reconstructed DG methods. The numerical results also indicate that this implicit RDG(P1P2) method can deliver the desired third-order accuracy, while maintaining advantage in cost over the implicit DG(P2) method.
Symbol-Level Precoding Design for Integrated Sensing and Communication

The symbol-level precoding (SLP) design is considered for a multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system. This work exploits the SLP design to minimize the Cramer-Rae bound for radar sensing while satisfying the constant-modulus constraint, the similarity constraint and the communication quality of service requirements. However, because of the objective function and the constant-modulus constraint, the optimization problem considered in this work is non-convex. We exploit the Schur complement to transform this non-convex optimization problem into a semidefinite programming problem and use the convex optimization toolbox to solve it. Simulation results illustrate the advantage of the proposed design in the ISAC system.
The role of immunometabolism in macrophage polarization and its impact on acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome

Lung macrophages constitute the first line of defense against airborne particles and microbes and are key to maintaining pulmonary immune homeostasis. There is increasing evidence suggesting that macrophages also participate in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including the modulation of inflammatory responses and the repair of damaged lung tissues. The diversity of their functions may be attributed to their polarized states. Classically activated or inflammatory (M1) macrophages and alternatively activated or anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages are the two main polarized macrophage phenotypes. The precise regulatory mechanism of macrophage polarization is a complex process that is not completely understood. A growing body of literature on immunometabolism has demonstrated the essential role of immunometabolism and its metabolic intermediates in macrophage polarization. In this review, we summarize macrophage polarization phenotypes, the role of immunometabolism, and its metabolic intermediates in macrophage polarization and ALI/ARDS, which may represent a new target and therapeutic direction.
Statistical Analysis of Radial Velocity and Spectrum Width for Wind Turbines Radar Echo

The number of wind farms has increased rapidly in the past few years. Some studies have shown that wind farms interfere with weather radar and air traffic control surveillance radar. The radar echo signal of fast-rotating wind turbine blades has a wide Doppler spectrum, and the general radar clutter processing methods cannot remove wind turbine clutters with such characteristics, which interferes with the target detection performance of nearby radar equipment seriously. The study of statistical characteristics of the echo signal of wind turbines could provide basis for detection, recognition, elimination of wind turbine clutters. This paper provides statistical models of radial velocity and spectrum width for wind turbines based on Level II data of the WSR-88D weather radar. The orientation of blades' rotation plane has impact on statistical analysis result. In order to solve this problem, we employ the wind direction information to estimate the orientation of blades' rotation plane and we analysis the statistical characteristics in some particular orientation. The real data are utilized to obtain the empirical probability density function and then different probability density functions are used to fit the empirical probability density function. The K-S test and root mean square error are employed to compare the performance of different statistical models. Through the statistical analysis of four different types of wind turbine, the preferable statistical model for radial velocity and spectrum width are obtained.
Microwave Planar Sensor Based On a Single Octagonal Split Ring Resonator for Permittivity Sensing

In this article, a microwave planar sensor based on a single octagonal split-ring resonator is presented, which can work in the millimeter-wave band. The usefulness of the millimeter-wave band can offer high sensitivity to liquids and low conductivity to impurities in the material under test (MUT). The microwave planar sensor is composed of a single octagonal-shaped connected by two strip lines on the top of the substrate and a full ground plane at the back. It has a length of 22 mm and a width of 10 mm. The purposed of the microwave planar sensor is to detect the change of the dielectric constant value of the liquid solution. The numerical results demonstrate that when a MUT with a higher permittivity value is placed in the gap, the S21 response shifts to a lower frequency band. Hence, the presented microwave planar sensor based on a single octagon-shaped split-ring resonator can provide a feasible approach with excellent sensitivity and can detect the permittivity of several liquid solutions in the millimeter-wave band.
Statistical Inference for Infinite Dimensional Parameters Via Asymptotically Pivotal Estimating Functions

Suppose that a consistent estimator for an infinite-dimensional parameter can be readily obtained via a set of estimating functions which has a 'good' local linear approximation around the true value of the parameter. However, it may be difficult to estimate the variance function of this estimator well. We show that, if the set of estimating functions evaluated at the true parameter value is 'asymptotically pivotal', then the 'fiducial' distribution of the parameter can be used to approximate the distribution of this consistent estimator. We present three examples to illustrate that the corresponding inference for the parameter can be made via a simple simulation technique without involving complex, high-dimensional nonparametric density estimates. Copyright Biometrika Trust 2004, Oxford University Press.
Influence of Surface Chemistry of Fiber and Lignocellulosic Materials on Adhesion Properties with Polybutylene Succinate at Nanoscale

The production of bio-based composites with enhanced characteristics constitutes a strategic action to minimize the use of fossil fuel resources. The mechanical performances of these materials are related to the specific properties of their components, as well as to the quality of the interface between the matrix and the fibers. In a previous research study, it was shown that the polarity of the matrix played a key role in the mechanisms of fiber breakage during processing, as well as on the final properties of the composite. However, some key questions remained unanswered, and new investigations were necessary to improve the knowledge of the interactions between a lignocellulosic material and a polar matrix. In this work, for the first time, atomic force microscopy based on force spectroscopy measurements was carried out using functionalized tips to characterize the intermolecular interactions at the single molecule level, taking place between poly(butylene succinate) and four different plant fibers. The efficiency of the tip functionalization was checked out by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, whereas the fibers chemistry was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Larger interactions at the nanoscale level were found between the matrix and hypolignified fibers compared to lignified ones, as in control experiments on single lignocellulosic polymer films. These results could significantly aid in the design of the most appropriate composite composition depending on its final use.
Azimuthal impact directions from oblique impact crater morphology

Planetary impact craters have a high degree of radial symmetry. This hampers efforts to identify the azimuthal impact direction for most craters - the radially symmetric component of an impact crater swamps any asymmetries that may be present. We demonstrate how the asymmetric component can be isolated and the direction of the asymmetries quantified using a two-dimensional eigenfunction expansion over a circular domain. The complex coefficients of expansion describe the magnitude and phase (angular alignment) of each term. From the analysis of hypervelocity impact craters formed in the laboratory, with impact angles ranging from 0D to 50D from the surface normal, we show that asymmetries which reveal the impact direction are still present at just 10D from the surface normal, and that the phase of one complex coefficient of expansion, c(11), indicates the impact direction. Analysis of the lunar crater Hadley shows bilateral symmetry in the radially asymmetric component, which may be due to oblique impact. The 31-km lunar ray crater Kepler has morphological features that indicate the azimuthal impact direction. Coefficient c(11) gives an azimuthal impact direction similar to that expected from the morphology, although post-impact gravitational collapse and slumping obscure the result to some degree. Ray craters may provide a means of testing the method for smaller 'simple' craters when data are available.
Exploring Whether Iron Sequestration within the CNS of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease Causes a Functional Iron Deficiency That Advances Neurodegeneration

The involvement of iron in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may be multifaceted. Besides potentially inducing oxidative damage, the bioavailability of iron may be limited within the central nervous system, creating a functionally iron-deficient state. By comparing staining results from baseline and modified iron histochemical protocols, iron was found to be more tightly bound within cortical sections from patients with high levels of AD pathology compared to subjects with a diagnosis of something other than AD. To begin examining whether the bound iron could cause a functional iron deficiency, a protein-coding gene expression dataset of initial, middle, and advanced stages of AD from olfactory bulb tissue was analyzed for iron-related processes with an emphasis on anemia-related changes in initial AD to capture early pathogenic events. Indeed, anemia-related processes had statistically significant alterations, and the significance of these changes exceeded those for AD-related processes. Other changes in patients with initial AD included the expressions of transcripts with iron-responsive elements and for genes encoding proteins for iron transport and mitochondrial-related processes. In the latter category, there was a decreased expression for the gene encoding pitrilysin metallopeptidase 1 (PITRM1). Other studies have shown that PITRM1 has an altered activity in patients with AD and is associated with pathological changes in this disease. Analysis of a gene expression dataset from PITRM1-deficient or sufficient organoids also revealed statistically significant changes in anemia-like processes. These findings, together with supporting evidence from the literature, raise the possibility that a pathogenic mechanism of AD could be a functional deficiency of iron contributing to neurodegeneration.
School of influence: Human rights challenges in US foreign military training

Can military training decrease human rights violations by security forces? The case of foreign military training is a complicated one because often the aim of the training itself is to address human rights violations. In this paper I explore whether US military training is effective in promoting respect for human rights in the recipient country. States that receive human rights-focused military training and education only see an improvement in respect for human rights by members of security forces in very limited cases. I use global data as well as newly-coded data from a Latin America sample to evaluate this proposal empirically.
Deep Learning Enabled Inverse Design and Optimization of the Frequency Selective Surface (FSS)

In this paper, a neural network model is proposed to design and optimize the frequency selective surface (FSS) structure. The training set and testing set of several classic structures are obtained by High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) simulations. Using neural network, a targeted transmission coefficient curve (v. s. frequency) is firstly classified to select the most suitable type of classical structure as an initial template for design, and then further modification is carried out based on this template to match the targeted transmission coefficient in a more precise way. Subsequently, Bayesian optimization is used to adjust the hyper-parameters of the network. Through the proposed model, we can successfully design the FSS structural parameters corresponding to the required transmission coefficient $(S_{21})$. Compared to the traditional FSS design method using neural network, this proposed method greatly improves the accuracy of inverse design and can be used to design FSS structures corresponding to more types of S21 curves.
Physicochemical Characterization and Evaluation of Gastrointestinal In Vitro Behavior of Alginate-Based Microbeads with Encapsulated Grape Pomace Extracts

Grape pomace is a byproduct of wineries and a rich source of phenolic compounds that can exert multiple pharmacological effects when consumed and enter the intestine where they can then be absorbed. Phenolic compounds are susceptible to degradation and interaction with other food constituents during digestion, and encapsulation may be a useful technique for protecting phenolic bioactivity and controlling its release. Therefore, the behavior of phenolic-rich grape pomace extracts encapsulated by the ionic gelation method, using a natural coating (sodium alginate, gum arabic, gelatin, and chitosan), was observed during simulated digestion in vitro. The best encapsulation efficiency (69.27%) was obtained with alginate hydrogels. The physicochemical properties of the microbeads were influenced by the coatings used. Scanning electron microscopy showed that drying had the least effect on the surface area of the chitosan-coated microbeads. A structural analysis showed that the structure of the extract changed from crystalline to amorphous after encapsulation. The phenolic compounds were released from the microbeads by Fickian diffusion, which is best described by the Korsmeyer–Peppas model among the four models tested. The obtained results can be used as a predictive tool for the preparation of microbeads containing natural bioactive compounds that could be useful for the development of food supplements.
An existence theorem for the magneto-viscoelastic problem

The dynamics of magneto-viscoelastic materials is described by a nonlinear system which couples the equation of the magnetization, given in Gibert form, and the viscoelastic integro-differential equation for the displacements. We study the general three-dimensional case and establish a theorem for the existence of weak solutions. The existence is proved by compactness of the approximated penalty problem.
A Review On College Enquiry Chatbot

As we all know before the invention of the Chatbot it was difficult to visit colleges to gather information as it was consuming time but after the invention, it became very easy to gather information sitting in one place. The first chatbot was invented by Joseph Weizenbaum in 1966 and named ELIZA. It worked when the user passed the words into the computer and paired them into a list of possible responses. As we introduce about college inquiry chatbot, the college inquiry chatbot is worked for any users like students, teachers, parents, and any other outsider who need basic information about the college.
Delay-dependent stability of linear systems with delayed state: an LMI approach

This paper deals with the problem of asymptotic stability of a class of time-delay systems with constant, but unknown time-delay. Upper bounds on the time-delay that ensure the stability of the considered systems are given using a Razumikhin technique. Furthermore, the approach adopted here allows the computation of the delay bound by transforming the stability problem into an LMI optimization problem.