Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probing an interacting Bose gas in a quasi-two-dimensional trap

2010 This thesis entitled: Probing an interacting Bose gas in a quasi-two-dimensional trap written by Shih-Kuang Tung has been approved for the Department of Physics Date The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. Probing an interacting Bose gas in a quasi-two-dimensional trap Thesis directed A fluctuating regime associated with the Berenzinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition is studied in a two-dimensional system of near-degenerate bosons (87 Rb atoms). Two imaging procedures, the in-situ imaging method and the focusing-imaging method, are implemented to image the coordinate-space and momentum-space density distributions. The scaled compressibility is extracted from the coordinate-space density distributions obtained from in-situ images. Comparing the measured compressibility to the prediction from our semiclassical mean-field model, an onset of a regime which is beyond the mean-field prediction is identified and first resolved at phase-space density nλ 2 3. Information about the coherence of the system is extracted from the momentum-space distributions obtained from the focusing images. The spatial extent of the coherence at a size of the high density region in the system only appears at a distinguishably higher phase-space density of nλ 2 ≈ 8. Therefore, a very interesting regime that is beyond mean-field prediction, but not yet a quasicondensate, is identified. This regime, which does not exist in three dimensions, is a product of the enhanced interactions associated with reduced dimensionality. Acknowledgements Until this day, I still feel lucky that I can be one of those guys working at JILA. Therefore, the first person I should give my gratitude to is my boss, Eric. Not only he gave me this opportunity to work with all these wonderful people, but also reminded me how much I love baseball. As a graduate student, one of the worst things you can do is probably rooting for a baseball team that has a long rivalry history with your boss' team. Through those going-back-and-forth emails and conversations, I learned how to talk baseball in the proper way. Here, I also have to give credit to Aaron and Russ. They also helped equally with my ability of formal baseball talking. All I can say is that this was all beyond my imagination, and it was fun. So thank you all for the great experience. In the lab, I would like to …
Ring-resonator-assisted optical switch with high extinction ratio

This paper presents a novel micro-ring-resonator-assisted structure as an optical switch. This device couples two outputs of a 1x2 power splitter into a micro-ring resonator (MRR). The double-beam interference will occur in the MRR. If the phase difference between the beams and the coupling coefficients of MRR are set properly, the device can switch the light by applying phase shift on MRR. High extinction ratio or low crosstalk can be achieved, even if the modulation additional loss is large.
Determination of N/O from far-infrared line observations of Galactic H II regions

Measurements of the 52- and 88-micron forbidden O III line ratios and the 57-micron forbidden N III line ratio for six H II regions have been obtained with the NASA Kuiper Airborne Observatory. The derived N/O ratio for most Galactic regions (of about 0.2-0.3) is greater than that obtained by optical studies, and it exceeds the solar value. Although enhancement of N/O at a galactocentric distance of about 6 kpc may be possible, no evidence is found for an overall linear gradient in N/O with galactocentric distance, suggesting that N-14 is predominantly produced by primary rather than secondary nucleosynthesis. 48 references.
NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM OF SUPERSONIC FLOW PAST THE LOWER SURFACE OF A DELTA WING

2 Slomyanski, G. A. and Pryadilov, U. N. , Floated Gyroscopes and Their Application (Oborongiz, State Defense Press, 1958). 3 Collinson, R. P. G. , "Inertial navigation, I960," Flight no. 2658,19/11(1960). 4 Murphy, G. J., Basic Automatic Control Theory (New York, 1957). 5 Olman, E. V. , Solovev, Y. I. , and Tokarev, V. P., Autopilot (Oborongiz, State Defense Press, 1946). 6 Braslavski, D. A. , Logonov, S. S. , and Pelpor, D. C. , Design and Construction of Aviation Instruments (Oborongiz, State Defense Press, 1,954). 7 Litvin-Sedoy, M. Z. , 'The geometry of gyroscopic angular position measuring instruments," University Repts. , PhysicalMathematical Science, no. 3 (1958). 8 Litvin-Sedoy, M. Z. , "Determination of the angular position of a body with the aid of gyroscopic accelerometers which have arbitrary inclinations of their case axes in a body moving in space," Mechanics, MVTU (Moscow Technical College), edited by N. E. Bauman (Oborongiz, State Defense Press, 1959). 9 Litvin-Sedoy, M. Z. , "Some geometric relationships in mechanical systems with many degrees of freedom," Bul. Inst. Politehnic lasi, serie noua IV, no. 8,1-2 (1958). 10 Dvlone, B. N. and Raykov, D. A. , Analytical Geometry (GTTI, State Technical Press, 1948).
Stochastic modelling of electrical treeing: fractal and statistical characteristics

A two-dimensional stochastic model of electrical treeing in solid dielectrics has been examined using 'fractal' analysis and statistical methods. It is found that simulated trees display remarkably similar behaviour to that found experimentally. A distribution of dimensions is found and simulated failure probability is well described by the two-parameter Weibull distribution. Several methods of assessing fractal dimension are critically compared and correlations are found between different methods. The influence of model parameters on tree growth behaviour is also examined.
Approximation numbers in some weighted function spaces

Abstract In this paper we study weighted function spaces of type B s p,q ( R n , w ( x )) and F s p,q ( R n , w ( x )) where w ( x ) is a weight function of at most polynomial growth, preferably w ( x ) = (1 + | x | 2 ) α/2 with α ∈ R . The main result deals with estimates for the approximation numbers of compact embeddings between spaces of this type. Furthermore we are concerned with the dependence of the approximation numbers a, of compact embeddings between function spaces B s p,q (Ω) and F s p,q (Ω) on an underlying domain Ω.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE BOOTSTRAP DALAM INFERENSI TITIK- TITIK BIPLOT AMMI MODEL AMMI CAMPURAN (MIXED AMMI) (Studi Kasus: Menduga Stabilitas Genotipe Padi)

In this research bootstrap methods are used to determine the points inference of biplot figures on the analysis of AMMI. If the environmental factors are assumed to be random factors, then Mixed AMMI is used as a model of analysis. In the analysis of the stabilit, the main components score interaction used are KUI 1 and KUI 2 . The purpose of this study is to determine the Biplot figures based on two scores these are KUI with the greatest diversity of Mixed AMMI models and the points inference by using the bootstrap method. The stable genotypes obtained from biplot AMMI 2 are G 1 , G 5 , and G 6 . Based on points inference of each genotype, G 1 and G 5 can be regarded as the most stable genotype. This is because the distribution of G 1 and G 5 are the closest to the center point (0,0) and both of them have a small radius.
Geometric quantization of Chern-Simons gauge theory

We present a new construction of the quantum Hubert space of ChernSimons gauge theory using methods which are natural from the threedimensional point of view. To show that the quantum Hubert space associated to a Riemann surface Σ is independent of the choice of complex structure on Σ, we construct a natural projectively flat connection on the quantum Hubert bundle over Teichmuller space. This connection has been previously constructed in the context of two-dimensional conformal field theory where it is interpreted as the stress energy tensor. Our construction thus gives a (2 + 1 )-dimensional derivation of the basic properties of (1 + 1)-dimensional current algebra. To construct the connection we show generally that for affine symplectic quotients the natural projectively flat connection on the quantum Hubert bundle may be expressed purely in terms of the intrinsic Kahler geometry of the quotient and the Quillen connection on a certain determinant line bundle. The proof of most of the properties of the connection we construct follows surprisingly simply from the index theorem identities for the curvature of the Quillen connection. As an example, we treat the case when Σ has genus one explicitly. We also make some preliminary comments concerning the Hubert space structure.
The Role of Personal Identity Attributes in Transport Mode Choice: The Case Study of Thessaloniki, Greece

People make numerous trips every day for a variety of purposes. Transport mode choice directly impacts travel time, congestion, and environmental conditions. It also depends on various economic, social, environmental, and personal related factors. This paper investigates the association between identity characteristics and transport mode choices in Thessaloniki, Greece. A customized questionnaire survey was carried out with 506 individuals in 2019 to collect data on nine self-declared personal statuses (affiliation with environment, place of residence, career, companionship, etc.) and trip frequencies of all available transport options in Thessaloniki. We ran latent class analyses to uncover three identity clusters. The Active individuals prefer public transport over private car, and they are mostly young, sporty, and with low incomes. Additionally, the Family-Oriented individuals are comparatively older, and they have greater access to private cars and higher incomes, while the Typical Urban population exhibits a slightly higher use of cars and public transport than the Active one. Trips on foot and by car (as passengers) are equally preferred by all latent classes’ populations. Our findings highlight the role of individuals’ identities in the development of travel behavior and may assist with the design of targeted policies and marketing strategies, which will facilitate sustainable urban mobility behaviors.
SEARCH FOR DAEMONS WITH NEMESIS

The DAEMONs (DArk Electric Matter Objects) have been suggested as a possible exotic component in cosmic rays able to contribute to the Dark Matter; they belong to the wide class of the Elementary Black Holes (EBH) deeply discussed in literature. A preliminary possible DAEMONs direct detection, at ≃3σ C.L. , was originally suggested by the sea-level St. Petersburg experiment (SPb); a DAEMONs flux: (1.0±0.3) DAEMONs/(days m2 sr) can be derived. Here the results obtained by the sea-level NEMESIS experiment, which has exploited the same detection approach, are presented; they restrict the DAEMONs flux to be less than 0.32 DAEMONs/(days m2 sr) at 90% C.L.
Investigation of deep levels in semi-insulating GaAs by means of the temperature change piezoelectric photo-thermal measurements

The temperature variation of the piezoelectric photo-thermal (PPT) signal intensity of semi-insulating (SI) GaAs from 20 to 150 K was measured. Four peaks at 50, 70, 110, and 125 K were observed in the PPT signal. From the theoretical analysis based on the rate equations of electrons in the conduction band and deep levels, we concluded that the observed four peaks were due to the nonradiative electron transitions through EL6, EL7, EL15, and an unspecified deep level, respectively. Deep levels with extremely low concentration (1012–1015 cm−3) were clearly identified in SI GaAs by using the PPT method.
On the generation of locally consistent solution spaces in mixed dynamic constraint problems

The development of industrial products such as cars, mechanical tools as well as civil engineering structures includes the task of identifying components and arranging them in a product structure. This task is commonly called configuration. It can be formalized as a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP), which provides a concise mathematical model for combinatorial tasks. A CSP is defined by the variables of interest, each with a domain of possible values, and a set of constraints which restrict the allowed value combinations. The formulation of a configuration task as a CSP gives flexibility required to apply complex optimization criteria during search which often cannot be expressed by a single utility function. Solving a CSP corresponds to finding a consistent assignment to the variables that satisfies all constraints. Solution methods for CSPs encompass consistency and search techniques. Consistency techniques are preprocessing methods which remove inconsistent value combinations before search thus reducing the search space; Furthermore, a dynamic CSP model (DCSP) makes possible the introduction of new variables and constraints during problem resolution. However, CSP techniques have been weak for handling mixed (discrete-continuous) as well as dynamic problems. In this thesis, I present a new algorithm for solving DCSPs with mixed, continuous and discrete, constraints. It isolates and approximates the solution sets of a DCSP by local consistency techniques. To this purpose, local consistency techniques for continuous constraints had to be enhanced and integrated with existing discrete local consistency methods. Some advantages of this algorithm are: It can solve problems in which the existence of a variable depends on a decision taken over a continuous value domain. Different locally consistent solution spaces can be compared, thus providing additional information for decision making. Local consistency techniques are also applied to search for a single solution within the resulting locally consistent solution spaces. These techniques are particularly efficient for searching in continuous domains. The algorithm proposed is applied to a number of different problems such as conceptual bridge design, design of steel structures, configuration of trains, and industrial mixers.
Non-Food Poverty Diﬀerential Across Urban/Rural and Geo-political Zones in Nigeria

This study estimates non-food poverty in Nigeria by evaluating non-food poverty incidence, severity and intensity at the urban/rural areas, geo-political zone and national level. It also evaluates the concentration of the non-food poor in principal sectors of employment in the country. Probit regression model, Foster-Greer-Throbecke (FGT), and Location index were used for the analysis. Data for the study was obtained from the Nigeria General Household Survey (GHS) for 201/11 and 2015/16 periods, with 4246 and 4582 households, respectively. Findings from the study reveal that non-food poverty incidence in the country is high and increasing. Non-food poverty is more in the rural areas than in the urban areas. Also, non-food poverty is highest in the Northern zones compared to the South; more among females than males in the two periods. In addition, the study shows that non-food poverty rate is lowest (28.6%) among population with tertiary education in 2010/11, but increases drastically (60.2%) in 2015/16. Non-food poverty gap and severity increase in the country in 2015/16; with the South recording higher rate than the North. The regression result shows that households headed by female experience more non-food poverty compared to household headed by male. Finally, the study reveals that non-food poor are concentrated in the agricultural, manufacturing and services sectors of the economy. Hence, the study recommends that pro-poor policies targeted at the non-food poor and directed to the sectors where they are concentrated should be designed and conscientiously implemented.
Modified Booth algorithm for higher radix fixed-point multiplication

In this paper the general case of multiplying two fixed length signed numbers using radix r(r/spl ges/2) is considered. It is shown that using the standard Booth multiplication algorithm, in such cases, can result in an incorrect answer. A correction cycle is required to correct the answer. The function of the correction cycle depends on the radix (r) and the multiplier word length (M). A rule which modifies the algorithm to correct the answer for general r and M is presented.
A flux-density scale for microwave frequencies.

Accurate flux-density measurements of the thermal radio source DR 21 have been made at centimeter wavelengths relative to the KPW absolute flux-density scale based on Cas A and at millimeter wavelengths relative to absolute brightness-temperature measurements of Jupiter and Saturn. The form of the absolute spectrum of DR 21 thus defined is given and used to relate two formerly independent flux-density scales. With an accuracy of about 3 percent, this spectrum of DR 21 defines a flux-density scale that can be used to calibrate antennas having beamwidths between 1 and 6 minutes of arc at microwave frequencies above 7 GHz where other methods of absolute calibration are much less accurate.
Estimable Versions of Griffiths' Measure of Association

Summary Many techniques have been proposed for measuring the degree of association between a pair of random variables X and Y. However, the measures often suffer from two drawbacks: they are difficult to calculate when the joint distribution of (X, Y) is known, and difficult to estimate when the joint distribution is unknown. In the present paper we present two modifications of a measure proposed by Griffiths (1972), and show that they exhibit neither of these deficiencies.
Effect of composition and strain on the electrical properties of LaNiO3 thin films

The Ni content of LaNi1−xO3 epitaxial thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition has been varied by ablation from targets with different composition. While tensile strain and Ni substoichiometry reduce the conductivity, nearly stoichiometric and unstrained films show reproducibly resistivities below 100 μΩ × cm. Since the thermodynamic instability of the Ni 3+ state drives defect formation, Ni defect engineering is the key to obtain highly conducting LaNiO3 thin films.
Miras and planetary nebula formation

Pulsationally unstable envolepes of red giants are shown to have oscillatory properties which closely resemble Miras. The evolution of such models is followed to the point where oscillations diverge. Dynamical calculations show that beyond this point these stars lose mass and readily become planetary nebulae. Questions of statistics and the effect of nuclear shell flashes are discussed.
New Value of mµ/me from Muonium Hyperfine Splitting

The complete contribution to the muonium hyperfine splitting of relative order alpha^3(m_e/m_mu)ln(alpha) is calculated. The result amounts to 0.013 kHZ, much smaller than suggested by a previous estimate, and leads to a 2-sigma shift of the most precise value for the muon-electron mass ratio, with the error reduced by approximately 30%. Analogous contributions are calculated for the positronium hyperfine splitting: (217/90-17*ln{2}/3)m_e(alpha^7/pi)ln(1/alpha) \approx -0.32 MHz; the remaining theoretical uncertainty should be well below experimental error, leaving discrepancies of 2.5-sigma and 3.5-sigma with the two most precise measurements.
Scaling Up Machine Learning: Parallel Graph-Based Semi-Supervised Learning

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is the process of training decision functions using small amounts of labeled and relatively large amounts of unlabeled data. In many applications, annotating training data is time-consuming and error prone. Speech recognition is the typical example, which requires large amounts of meticulously annotated speech data (Evermann et al., 2005) to produce an accurate system. In the case of document classification for Internet search, it is not even feasible to accurately annotate a relatively large number of web pages for all categories of potential interest. SSL lends itself as a useful technique in many machine learning applications as one needs only to annotate relatively small amounts of the available data. SSL is related to the problem of transductive learning (Vapnik, 1998). In general, a learner is transductive if it is designed for prediction on only a closed data set, where the test set is revealed at training time. In practice, however, transductive learners can be modified to handle unseen data (Sindhwani et al., 2005; Zhu, 2005a). Chapter 25 in (Chapelle et al., 2007) gives a full discussion on the relationship between SSL and transductive learning. In this chapter, SSL refers to the semi-supervised transductive classification problem. Let x ∈ X denote the input to the decision function (classifier), f , and y ∈ Y denote its output label, i.e., f : X→ Y. In most cases f(x) = argmaxy∈Y p(y|x). In SSL, certain reasonable assumptions are made so that properties of the distribution p(x) (which is available from the unlabeled data sampled from p(x)) can influence p(y|x). These assumptions are as follows:
Serotonin Receptor Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Cerebrospinal Fluid, Genetic, and Neuropsychological Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease

A decrease in serotonergic transmission throughout the brain is among the earliest pathological changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Serotonergic receptors are also affected in AD. Polymorphisms in genes of serotonin (5HT) receptors have been mostly associated with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). In this study, we examined if AD patients carrying different genotypes in 5HTR1B rs13212041, 5HTR2A rs6313 (T102C), 5HTR2C rs3813929 (−759C/T), and 5HTR6 rs1805054 (C267T) polymorphisms have a higher risk of faster disease progression (assessed by neuropsychological testing), are more prone to develop AD-related pathology (reflected by levels of cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] AD biomarkers), or have an association with an apolipoprotein E (APOE) haplotype. This study included 115 patients with AD, 53 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 2701 healthy controls. AD biomarkers were determined in the CSF of AD and MCI patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), while polymorphisms were determined using either TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays or Illumina genotyping platforms. We detected a significant decrease in the CSF amyloid β1–42 (Aβ1–42) and an increase in p-tau181/Aβ1–42 ratio in carriers of the T allele in the 5HTR2C rs3813929 (−759C/T) polymorphism. A significantly higher number of APOE ε4 allele carriers was observed among individuals carrying a TT genotype within the 5HTR2A T102C polymorphism, a C allele within the 5HTR1B rs13212041 polymorphism, and a T allele within the 5HTR6 rs1805054 (C267T) polymorphism. Additionally, individuals carrying the C allele within the 5HTR1B rs13212041 polymorphism were significantly more represented among AD patients and had poorer performances on the Rey–Osterrieth test. Carriers of the T allele within the 5HTR6 rs1805054 had poorer performances on the MMSE and ADAS–Cog. As all four analyzed polymorphisms of serotonin receptor genes showed an association with either genetic, CSF, or neuropsychological biomarkers of AD, they deserve further investigation as potential early genetic biomarkers of AD.