Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High frequency longitudinal-transverse complex vibration systems for ultrasonic wire bonding

High frequency longitudinal to transverse complex vibration systems of 160 kHz to 1 MHz for ultrasonic wire ball bonding for IC or LSI are studied. Vibration systems of these high frequency and complex vibration welding equipments consist of transverse free-free complex vibration rod 7.0 mm in diameter, two longitudinal vibration systems for driving the transverse vibration rod and a ceramic capillary 1.5875 mm in diameter. Vibration distribution of capillary at high frequency up to 1 MHz is measured at the first time and the conventional capillary is revealed applicable at such high frequencies.
Divertor Stabilization in Mirrors

Divertor stabilization is considered as an alternative MHD stability concept for mirror-based plasma confinement systems. The discussed concept is based on thermodynamics and self-organization of magnetized plasmas, contrary to the conventional MHD stabilization, based on the presence of averaged “magnetic well”. We show that self-organized plasma maintenance near a relaxed marginally-stable state with decreasing pressure profile can be realized in essentially non-paraxial longitudinally linked mirror cells restricted by a joint divertorlike magnetic separatrix with one or several magnetic field nulls at the plasma edge. Brief history, basic principles, and main advantages of the divertor stabilization concept are discussed.
Automated Variational Nonlinear Chirp Mode Decomposition for Bearing Fault Diagnosis

The variational nonlinear chirp mode decomposition (VNCMD) requires initialization of number of modes (NMs) and instantaneous frequency (IF). This article proposes an automated method for NM selection and IF initialization, which works on the scale-space representation-based automated boundary detection in a magnitude spectrum. The proposed automated VNCMD (AVNCMD) method is applied for bearing fault detection in which the kurtosis-based dominant mode selection method is recommended. The instantaneous amplitude and IF with spectral entropy are computed from the dominant mode. Features are given to a feed-forward neural network classifier. The methodology is investigated on two datasets for inner-race, outer-race, and ball-race faults detection. The proposed method classifies inner-race, outer-race, and ball-race bearing faults with 97.52% accuracy and classifies inner-race and outer-race bearing faults with 100% accuracy. The efficacy of the proposed method is compared with the existing methods to justify the superiority.
Stress Detection based on TEO and MFCC speech features using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)

The effect of stress on mental and physical health is very concerning making it a fascinating and socially valuable field of study nowadays. Although a number of stress markers have been deployed, there are still issues involved with using these kinds of approaches. By developing a speech-based stress detection system, it could solve the problems faced by other currently available methods of detecting stress since it is a non-invasive and contactless approach. In this work, a fusion of Teager Energy Operator (TEO) and Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) namely Teager-MFCC (T-MFCC) are proposed as the speech features to be extracted from speech signals in recognizing stressed emotions. Since stressed emotions affect the nonlinear components of speech, TEO is applied to reflect the instantaneous energy of the components. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classifier is used with the proposed T- MFCC features on the Ryerson Audio-Visual Database of Emotional Speech and Song (RAVDESS) corpus. The proposed method (T-MFCC) had shown a better performance with classification accuracies of 95.83% and 95.37% for male and female speakers respectively compared to the MFCC feature extraction technique which achieves 84.26% (male) and 93.98% (female) classification accuracies.
Plasma transport in a torus of arbitrary aspect ratio

Finite aspect ratio modifications to neoclassical transport theory are considered. In the general case of arbitrary flux surface geometry, a closed set of macroscopic equations is derived. These include the equation which determines the time evolution of the flux surfaces. In the large aspect ratio case, the O (r /R ) corrections to the order O (r )1/2)R (1/2)) transport coefficients, calculated previously, are obtained. In particular, an expression for the electrical conductivity is obtained which may be regarded as exact for all experimentally interesting aspect ratios.
Performance Comparison of Circular Double Gate Transistor (CDGT) with Novel Architectures for High-Performance Applications

In this study, a detailed analysis of an enclosed layout circular double gate transistor (CDGT) at a gate length of 12 nm for High-Performance (HP) applications is presented. Further, we analyzed the performance comparison against existing novel architectures such as FinFET, Nanowire (NW), and Nanosheet (NS) devices. The performance metrics like ON-current (ION), ION/IOFF ratio, device leakage current (IOFF), and subthreshold slope (SS) are considered during the comparison. The presented CDGT device has a high ON-current of $4923 \mu \mathrm{A}/\mu \mathrm{m}(5.62\times 10^{- 4}\ \mathrm{A})$, which is ∼7 times more than the next best device (NS FET). The influence of source/drain doping concentration variations has also been investigated on all these devices. The proposed CDGT device is a suitable substitute for the NS FET in HP applications by offering a higher ON-current (ION) for future technology nodes.
A lattice based solution of the collisional Boltzmann equation with applications to microchannel flows

An alternative approach for solution of the collisional Boltzmann equation for a lattice architecture is presented. In the proposed method, termed the collisional lattice Boltzmann method (cLBM), the effects of spatial transport are accounted for via a streaming operator, using a lattice framework, and the effects of detailed collisional interactions are accounted for using the full collision operator of the Boltzmann equation. The latter feature is in contrast to the conventional lattice Boltzmann methods (LBMs) where collisional interactions are modeled via simple equilibrium based relaxation models (e.g. BGK). The underlying distribution function is represented using weights and fixed velocity abscissas according to the lattice structure. These weights are evolved based on constraints on the evolution of generalized moments of velocity according to the collisional Boltzmann equation. It can be shown that the collision integral can be reduced to a summation of elementary integrals, which can be analytically evaluated. The proposed method is validated using studies of canonical microchannel Couette and Poiseuille flows (both body force and pressure driven) and the results are found to be in good agreement with those obtained from conventional LBMs and experiments where available. Unlike conventional LBMs, the proposed method does not involve any equilibrium based approximations and hence can be useful for simulation of highly nonequilibrium flows (for a range of Knudsen numbers) using a lattice framework.
Anti-Oomycete Activity and Pepper Root Colonization of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida YJR13 and Pseudomonas putida YJR92 against Phytophthora capsici

Previously, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida YJR13 and Pseudomonas putida YJR92 from a sequential screening procedure were proven to effectively control Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsici. In this study, we further investigated the anti-oomycete activities of these strains against mycelial growth, zoospore germination, and germ tube elongation of P. capsici. We also investigated root colonization ability of the bacterial strains in square dishes, including cell motility (swimming and swarming motilities) and biofilm formation. Both strains significantly inhibited mycelial growth in liquid and solid V8 juice media and M9 minimal media, zoospore germination, and germ tube elongation compared with Bacillus vallismortis EXTN-1 (positive biocontrol strain), Sphingomonas aquatilis KU408 (negative biocontrol strain), and MgSO4 solution (untreated control). In diluted (nutrient-deficient) V8 juice broth, the tested strain populations were maintained at >108 cells/ml, simultaneously providing mycelial inhibitory activity. Additionally, these strains colonized pepper roots at a 106 cells/ml concentration for 7 days. The root colonization of the strains was supported by strong swimming and swarming activities, biofilm formation, and chemotactic activity towards exudate components (amino acids, organic acids, and sugars) of pepper roots. Collectively, these results suggest that strains YJR13 and YJR92 can effectively suppress Phytophthora blight of pepper through direct anti-oomycete activities against mycelial growth, zoospore germination and germ tube elongation. Bacterial colonization of pepper roots may be mediated by cell motility and biofilm formation together with chemotaxis to root exudates.
WiZ-BMS: A Hybrid Wireless Network-on-Chip Design with Fully Adaptive Routing

As more cores are added to the single multicore chip, the interconnection among their elements becomes a fundamental difficulty for multicore system design. Conventional planar on-chip networks are insufficient to address this bottleneck. Thus, as an alternative to conventional planar on-chip networks, Wireless Network-on-Chip or WNoC is introduced. This paper presents a mesh-based wireless hybrid wireless networks-on-chip (WNoCs) architecture, incorporating wired support with wireless communications, utilizing our proposed topology, WiZ-BMS (Wireless Zone-based Mesh of Star). A simulation-based approach is employed to simulate and examine the proposed WNoC topologies to assess their performance. This work discusses the performance aspect of average latency, throughput, and energy consumption under the Cycle-accurate system C-based Noxim simulator with various traffic load distributions. The simulation results reveal that the proposed WNoC significantly impacts on minimized average latency (64.77%), high throughput (43.54%), and energy savings (61.31%) compared to another formerly designed approach.
Network theory of microscopic and macroscopic behavior of master equation systems

A general microscopic and macroscopic theory is developed for systems which are governed by a (linear) master equation. The theory is based on a network representation of the master equation, and the results are obtained mostly by application of some basic theorems of mathematical graph theory. In the microscopic part of the theory, the construction of a steady state solution of the master equation in terms of graph theoretical elements is described (Kirchhoff's theorem), and it is shown that the master equation satisfies a global asymptotic Liapunov stability criterion with respect to this state. The Glansdorff-Prigogine criterion turns out to be the differential version and thus a special case of the global criterion. In the macroscopic part of the theory, a general prescription is given describing macrostates of the systems arbitrarily far from equilibrium in the language of generalized forces and fluxes of nonlinear irreversible thermodynamics. As a particular result, Onsager's reciprocity relations for the phenomenological coefficients are obtained as coinciding with the reciprocity relations of a near-to-equilibrium network.
Study of energy deposition in the electron-beam-pumped laser facility HAWK

The HAWK facility has been developed as a tool to investigate the kinetics of electron‐beam‐pumped lasers at a pressure of 1 atm for pump rates of 0.040–1 kW/cm3 and pump times of 0.05–1 ms. The highly collimated (1 cm FWHM within the lasing medium) relativistic electron beam propagates through fast valves that separate the accelerator vacuum from a 2‐m‐long vacuum isolation section, a 0.4‐m‐long gas‐filled buffer section, and 0.7 m along a lambda‐geometry laser cell. A 6.5 kG magnetic field confines the 1‐MeV electron beam laterally and guides it around a 30° bend into the 3.3‐cm‐diam laser cell. A magnetic mirror at the far end of the laser cell reflects a large portion of the transmitted electron beam, thereby protecting the laser optics from the electron beam and making the axial deposition more uniform. In this paper we describe modeling of the electron beam energy deposition in HAWK using the three‐dimensional Monte Carlo electron/photon transport code acceptm and compare our results with the measur.
Spatially adjusted spontaneous emissions from photonic crystals embedded light-emitting diodes

In this work, the angular light output enhancements of LEDs were investigated from the spontaneous emission and light scattering of devices with different photonic crystal (PhC) geometries. The emitted photon coupled into a leaky mode is differentiated by the manipulation of the quality factor in various spatial frequencies. Therefore, light extraction in this light-emitting device is determined by the modal extraction lengths and the quality factor obtained from the measured photonic bands. Furthermore, the higher- and lower-order mode spontaneous emissions are affected by the nonradiative process in the PhC structures with different periods. In our cases, the photonic crystal device with the largest period of 500 nm exhibits the highest lower-order mode extraction and quality factor. As a result, a self-collimation behavior toward the surface-normal is demonstrated in the 3D far-field pattern of such a device. We conclude that, with the coherent light scattering from the PhC region, the spontaneous emission of the material and spatial behavior of the extracted mode can be both managed by the proper design of the device.
Mechanistic Implications of Cortical Superficial Siderosis in Patients With Mixed Location Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Cerebral Microbleeds

Background and Objectives Hypertensive cerebral small vessel disease (HTN-cSVD) is the predominant microangiopathy in patients with a combination of lobar and deep cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and intracerebral hemorrhage (mixed ICH). We tested the hypothesis that cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is also a contributing microangiopathy in patients with mixed ICH with cortical superficial siderosis (cSS), a marker strongly associated with CAA. Methods Brain MRIs from a prospective database of consecutive patients with nontraumatic ICH admitted to a referral center were reviewed for the presence of CMBs, cSS, and nonhemorrhagic CAA markers (lobar lacunes, centrum semiovale enlarged perivascular spaces [CSO-EPVS], and multispot white matter hyperintensity [WMH] pattern). The frequencies of CAA markers and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), a marker for hypertensive end-organ damage, were compared between patients with mixed ICH with cSS (mixed ICH/cSS[+]) and without cSS (mixed ICH/cSS[–]) in univariate and multivariable models. Results Of 1,791 patients with ICH, 40 had mixed ICH/cSS(+) and 256 had mixed ICH/cSS(−). LVH was less common in patients with mixed ICH/cSS(+) compared with those with mixed ICH/cSS(−) (34% vs 59%, p = 0.01). The frequencies of CAA imaging markers, namely multispot pattern (18% vs 4%, p < 0.01) and severe CSO-EPVS (33% vs 11%, p < 0.01), were higher in patients with mixed ICH/cSS(+) compared with those with mixed ICH/cSS(−). In a logistic regression model, older age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.04 per year, 95% CI 1.00–1.07, p = 0.04), lack of LVH (aOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.19–0.89, p = 0.02), multispot WMH pattern (aOR 5.25, 95% CI 1.63–16.94, p = 0.01), and severe CSO-EPVS (aOR 4.24, 95% CI 1.78–10.13, p < 0.01) were independently associated with mixed ICH/cSS(+) after further adjustment for hypertension and coronary artery disease. Among ICH survivors, the adjusted hazard ratio of ICH recurrence in patients with mixed ICH/cSS(+) was 4.65 (95% CI 1.38–11.38, p < 0.01) compared with that in patients with mixed ICH/cSS(−). Discussion The underlying microangiopathy of mixed ICH/cSS(+) likely includes both HTN-cSVD and CAA, whereas mixed ICH/cSS(−) is likely driven by HTN-cSVD. These imaging-based classifications can be important to stratify ICH risk but warrant confirmation in studies incorporating advanced imaging/pathology.
Science with GYES: a multifibre high-resolution spectrograph for the prime focus of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope

We present the scientific motivations for GYES: a high multiplex (of the order of several hundred), high resolution (about 20 000), spectrograph to be placed at the prime focus of the CFHT. The main purpose of such an instrument is to conduct a spectroscopic survey complementary to the Gaia mission. The final Gaia catalogue (expected around 2020) will provide accurate distances, proper motions and spectrophotometry for all the stars down to a magnitude of 20. The spectroscopic instrument on board the Gaia satellite will provide intermediate resolution (R=11 500) spectra for stars down to the 17th magnitude. For the fainter stars there will be no radial velocity information. For all the stars the chemical information will be limited to a few species. A multifibre spectrograph at the prime focus of the CFHT will be able to provide the high resolution spectra for stars fainter than 13th magnitude, needed to obtain both accurate radial velocities and detailed chemical abundances. The possible use of GYES will not be limited to Gaia complementary surveys and we here describe the potentialities of such an instrument. We describe here how the scientific drivers are translated into technical requirements. The results of our on-going feasibility study are described in an accompanying poster.
Automatic Kernel Parameter Tuning of KSC for Video Category Classification

Here we focus on website video-tag category clustering using kernel spectral clustering (KSC) [1], which has not been re-ported so far. KSC is a nonlinear clustering method used for the spectral clustering of data in a kernel feature space. Unfortunately KSC is intrinsically affected by the selection of kernel parameters, and this hinders complete automatic learning. This study proposes a uniﬁed learning method which enables automatic KSC optimal kernel parameter tuning based on a graph Laplacian representation of the clustering. This method is well suited to applications that require speedy and fully automatic analysis, since it can automatically ﬁnd the optimal arameter, and generate the optimally connected components of the graph Laplacian. We demonstrate the application of our method to the above problem and show its excellent performance through computer experiments.
Expanding wake induction effects on thrust distribution on a rotor disc

Wake expansion is necessary to satisfy conservation of mass when induction in flow through a wind turbine rotor disk is substantial. An iterative model is developed to calculate this expansion in an axisymmetric wake generated by an idealized unyawed disk operating at high tip speed ratios. The model satisfies all conservation constraints and boundary conditions, and predicts induction in the wake flow normal to the rotor disk plane due to the sheet of vorticity convected downwind along the surface of the wake. Expansion effects on induction in flow through the rotor disk and in the wake are noted. The effect of skewing the axis of the wake out of alignment with the axis of a yawed rotor disk is approximated with a simple cross flow model which yields an expanding skewed wake. The sheet of vorticity convected downwind along the surface of this wake is found to significantly alter the induction in flow through the rotor disk from that predicted when wake expansion is neglected with the cylindrical wake approximation. This alteration is in the direction of levelizing the induction and resulting thrust distributions on the yawed disk. This in turn reduces the forward shift of the center of thrust from the axis of a yawed rotor, and this reduction may be very substantial at higher levels of induction and hence wake expansion. The effects of wake expansion on the level of thrust appear to be of second order compared to the effects on center of thrust. These findings are likely to be of particular importance to small wind turbines which are designed to yaw out of the wind as required at higher wind speeds to prevent undesirable overshoots in power and loads.
Hormone Therapy with or without Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) for Treatment Asherman Syndrome; A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Asherman syndrome is a controversial issue in obstetrics and gynecology without any consensus on its management and treatment. It is characterized by variable lesions inside the uterine cavity and also causes menstrual irregularities, infertility, and placental abnormalities. The study aimed to assess the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) effect in women with intrauterine adhesions by evaluating the improvement of the menstrual cycle and intrauterine adhesion (IUA) stage. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 60 women with Asherman syndrome in two groups of 30. For the first group, only hormone therapy was performed and for the second group, hormone therapy with platelet-rich plasma after hysteroscopy. Recovery of Asherman syndrome and IUA stage was assessed at 6 to 8 weeks after hysteroscopy and compared between the two groups. Results: Our results demonstrated that there was no significant difference between demographic data in the two groups as well as the menstrual pattern of both groups before or after treatment (P > 0.05). Frequency distribution of IUA after the intervention in the PRP + hormone therapy group in grade I, II, and III were equal to 73.3%, 20%, and 6.7% and in the hormone therapy group were 53.3%, 26.7%, and 20%, respectively (P = 0.22). In addition, hypo menorrhea was observed in 33.3% of PRP + hormone therapy group and 40% of the hormone therapy group with no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.71). Conclusion: Hormone therapy with PRP compared to hormone therapy alone after routine surgical treatment had not a significant effect on the IUA stage, duration, and severity of menstruation.
Research on FY-4A cloud derived wind algorithm based on CLG optical flow method

The nominal projection data of FY-4A satellite is used for cloud derived wind inversion. Firstly, the cloud image is radiometric calibrated and denoised by the median filter. Then the optical flow is solved by the CLG optical flow method combined with global and local and multi-resolution image deformation calculation technology. The real wind speed is obtained according to the optical flow value. Finally, the rationality of the algorithm is verified by radiosonde data. The results show that CLG optical flow algorithm can be used for the inversion of cloud derived wind, and the average deviation and root mean square error of wind speed at cloud height of 300-700hp are less than 5.5 m/s.