Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Dietary n-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake on Oxylipins in Erythrocytes of Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Oxylipins derived from n-3 fatty acids are suggested as the link between these fatty acids and reduced inflammation. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of a randomized controlled cross-over intervention on oxylipin patterns in erythrocytes. Twenty-three women with rheumatoid arthritis completed 2 × 11-weeks exchanging one cooked meal per day, 5 days a week, for a meal including 75 g blue mussels (source for n-3 fatty acids) or 75 g meat. Erythrocyte oxylipins were quantified by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The results were analyzed with multivariate data analysis. Orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) with effect projections and with discriminant analysis were performed to compare the two diets’ effects on oxylipins. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to test pre and post values for each dietary period as well as post blue-mussel vs. post meat. The blue-mussel diet led to significant changes in a few oxylipins from the precursor fatty acids arachidonic acid and dihomo-ɣ-linolenic acid. Despite significant changes in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and free EPA in erythrocytes in the mussel group, no concurrent changes in their oxylipins were seen. Further research is needed to study the link between n-3 fatty-acid intake, blood oxylipins, and inflammation.
IMPLANTATION AND DAMAGE UNDER LOW-ENERGY SI SELF-BOMBARDMENT

Using molecular-dynamics simulations, we study the implantation of 50- and 100-eV Si atoms into (100) $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1,$ (110), and (111) Si monocrystals and the induced damage. The dependence of the ion range and the damage distribution on the target crystal surface is discussed. The size of the near-surface disordered zones created by the ion impact is studied, and compared to experimental data for the critical fluence of Si amorphization. The fate of such a disordered zone under thermal annealing is studied for a representative case. Target atom relocation and adatom formation are investigated.
Observation of optical second harmonic generation from suspended single-layer and bi-layer graphene

We have experimentally investigated the optical second harmonic generation (SHG) on suspended single-layer and bi-layer graphene sheets. By shining normally incident 800-nm light with polarization along the sample planes, the SHG intensities of single-layer and bi-layer graphene are found to be comparable to the one of polar GaAs with large second order susceptibility, which is unexpected because both have the centrosymmetric property. Our experimental results reveal that the strong SHG is not due to the defects breaking the symmetry. Instead, we suggest that the SHG signals result from the long-range curvature fluctuations on the suspended single-layer and bi-layer graphene sheets.
Geomagnetic observatories: monitoring the Earth's magnetic and space weather environment

Geomagnetism research provides insight into the Earth’s properties and processes, from the core out to space. For this reason continuous geomagnetic field observations have been carried out in the UK for more than 170 years. Geomagnetism also has diverse applications, in navigation, maps, even smart phone apps, and in the monitoring and prediction of space weather impacts on technology. Modern instruments, together with digital sampling, real-time data processing and product dissemination, support global space weather monitoring and modelling activities. In this review we describe the role of the UK geomagnetic observatory network in Earth and space weather science and applications.
Developing and Evaluating Ice Cloud Parameterizations for Forward Modeling of Radar Moments Using in situ Aircraft Observations

AbstractObserving ice clouds using zenith pointing millimeter cloud radars is challenging because the transfer functions relating the observables to meteorological quantities are not uniquely defined. Here, the authors use a spectral radar simulator to develop a consistent dataset containing particle mass, area, and size distribution as functions of size. This is an essential prerequisite for radar sensitivity studies and retrieval development. The data are obtained from aircraft in situ and ground-based radar observations during the Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign (ISDAC) campaign in Alaska. The two main results of this study are as follows: 1) An improved method to estimate the particle mass–size relation as a function of temperature is developed and successfully evaluated by combining aircraft in situ and radar observations. The method relies on a functional relation between reflectivity and Doppler velocity. 2) The impact on the Doppler spectrum by replacing measurements of particle area and.
Investigation of stationary solutions of viscoelastic melt spinning equations and stability with respect to increasing viscoelasticity

Abstract The one‐dimensional equations governing the formation of viscoelastic fibers using Giesekus constitutive equation were studied. Existence and uniqueness of stationary solutions was shown and relation between the stress at the spinneret and the take‐up velocity was found. Further, the value of the Giesekus model parameter for which the fibre exhibits Newtonian behaviour was found analytically. Using numerical simulations it was shown that below this value of the parameter the fluid shows extension thickening behaviour and above, extension thinning. In this context, by simulating the non‐stationary equations the effect of viscoelasticity on the stability of the spinning process was studied.
Assessing Potential Factors Influencing the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors with Radiation in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective Recent evidence suggests that combining radiotherapy (RT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may result in better outcomes. In this study, we assessed the efficacy and safety of ICI plus radiation versus ICI alone and explored potential factors affecting its efficacy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods The databases including PubMed and Embase were searched to retrieve eligible studies comparing the efficacy and safety outcomes in advanced NSCLC patients after ICIs ± RT treatments. We performed subgroup analyses to identify potential prognostic factors from radiation details and study types. The odds ratio (OR) of objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR), hazard ratio (HR) of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and risk ratio (RR) of adverse events were used to represent the outcome effects. Results 26 eligible studies with 14192 cases were included. The results showed that the ORR (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.93; p = 0.02) and DCR (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.82; p < 0.01) of RT + ICIs groups were significantly higher than those of the ICIs alone group. The median PFS and OS for ICIs versus RT + ICIs were 2.2 versus 4.4 months and 9.0 versus 13.4 months, respectively. Patients in the ICIs plus RT group had a significantly better PFS (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.81; p < 0.01) and OS (HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.83; p < 0.01) when compared to those in the ICIs group. In terms of adverse events, the risk of pneumonia was not significantly increased in patients treated with both ICIs and RT when compared to ICIs group alone (risk ratio = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.55, 1.44; p = 0.63). The correlation analysis found that PFS was significantly correlated with OS (p = 0.02). The subgroup analysis results showed that significant improvements in OS were observed in non-palliative RT group (HR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.65; p < 0.01) and extracranial RT group (HR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.83; p < 0.01). RT type could also be a prognostic factor associated with the OS (for conventional RT: HR = 0.68 and p = 0.22; for stereotactic body radiation therapy: HR = 0.77 and p < 0.01). However, concerning RT timing, the results showed a similar trend in reducing mortality risk (for previous RT: HR = 0.64 and p = 0.21; for concurrent RT: HR = 0.35 and p = 0.16). Conclusion RT plus ICIs is associated with improved survival for advanced NSCLC patients, especially for those with non-palliative RT. Further clinical trials are needed to validate its effect on survival outcomes.
LMI‐based computation of optimal quadratic Lyapunov functions for odd polynomial systems

The problem of estimating the domain of attraction (DA) of equilibria is considered for odd polynomial systems. Specifically, the computation of the optimal quadratic Lyapunov function (OQLF), i.e. the quadratic Lyapunov function (QLF) which maximizes the volume of the largest estimate of the DA (LEDA), is addressed. In order to tackle this double non‐convex optimization problem, a relaxation approach based on homogeneous polynomial forms is proposed. The first contribution of the paper shows that a lower bound of the LEDA for a fixed QLF can be obtained via linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) based procedures. Also, condition for checking tightness of the lower bound are provided. The second contribution is a strategy for selecting a good starting point for the OQLF search, which is based on the volume maximization of the region where the time derivative of the QLFs is negative and is given in terms of LMIs. Several application examples are presented to illustrate the numerical behaviour of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysing EM scattering from randomly rough surfaces using stochastic second-degree iterative method, sparse matrix algorithm and Chebyshev approximation

A new algorithm for analysing electromagnetic (EM) scattering from randomly rough surfaces is presented. This algorithm combines the stochastic second-degree iterative method with the sparse matrix algorithm to achieve high computational efficiency, and further uses the Chebyshev approximation to replace the Taylor expansion for the weak interaction between two points beyond mutual neighbourhoods. A numerical example demonstrates the suitability of the proposed method for rough surfaces with rms height larger than three wavelengths.
Atomic and electronic structures of the 90° partial dislocation in silicon

Two reconstructions of the 90 o partial dislocation core in silicon have been investigated using ab initio total-energy pseudopotential calculations. The asymmetric fourfold-coordinated configuration is shown to be stable and to be associated with only shallow states in the band gap. The symmetric quasifivefold-coordinated configuration is found to be metastable and to be associated with states that span the band gap. These results are reproduced with tight-binding Hamiltonians if the range of hopping integrals is restricted to include no more than four nearest neighbors
A Volunteer Crossover Feasibility Study to Compare Standard Oxygen Cannula Used at High-Flow to Proprietary High-Flow Humidified Nasal Oxygen Systems

Background and aim: Supplemental oxygen is routinely administered to patients prior to and during induction of general anesthesia and sedation. This increases the fraction of oxygen in the lungs, increases oxygen delivery, and increases the time to oxygen desaturation. Proprietary Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) systems, which deliver warmed and humidified oxygen, have been extensively researched in the perioperative and critical care setting and have been shown to significantly prolong time to desaturation and as a means of ventilatory support. The use of traditional nasal oxygen cannula used at maximum flow rates is currently used in short bursts as it is poorly tolerated. There is however a dearth of data examining the use of this technique. We hypothesized that traditional nasal oxygen cannulae used at maximum flow rates can deliver oxygen as effectively as THRIVE in this setting. Methods: We designed a crossover volunteer feasibility study. The participants were 10 healthy anesthetists. We compared the two methods of oxygen delivery by measuring transcutaneous oxygen measurement and pharyngeal oxygen concentration. Comfort and noise levels were recorded. The aforementioned parameters were compared between the two groups. Results: We observed that a standard oxygen cannula used at high flows delivers comparable oxygen delivery and tissue oxygenation performance to proprietary THRIVE systems. However, they are less comfortable and make more noise. Discussion: To the authors' knowledge this study is the first to study the oxygen delivery of traditional nasal oxygen cannula used at maximum flow rates and make comparisons to the well-studied THRIVE technique. While similar transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen and pharyngeal gas concentrations were observed with both techniques, the standard cannulae were deemed to be a lot less comfortable than THRIVE and made a lot more noise which likely limit the utility of this technique outside of short bursts. Conclusion: In this study, a standard nasal oxygen cannula used at high flows achieved similar oxygen delivery to THRIVE at the expense of poor comfort and increased noise.
A Satellite View of the Radiative Impact of Clouds on Surface Downward Fluxes in the Tibetan Plateau

AbstractUsing 13 yr of satellite observations for the Tibetan Plateau, the sensitivities (or partial derivatives) of daytime surface downward shortwave and longwave fluxes with respect to changes in cloud cover and cloud optical thickness are investigated and quantified. Coincident cloud and surface flux retrievals from the NASA Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System, respectively, as well as ground-based observations at 11 stations across the plateau are used to examine the spatial and seasonal variability of this sensitivity over the entire plateau. The downward shortwave flux is found to be modulated primarily by changes in cloud cover, but changes in optical thickness also have an impact, as revealed by a multiple regression fit. The coefficient of determination of the regression increases by more than 15% when optical thickness is added. There is significant seasonal and regional variability in the cloud radiative impact. On average, at all .
A-stable 2-point block extended backward differentiation formula for solving stiff ordinary differential equations

This paper focuses on derivation of a 2-point block extended backward differentiation formula (BEBDF) for the integration of stiff ordinary differential equations. The formula derived computes two solution values simultaneously in a block and uses an extra future point, thereby having more advantage than the conventional block backward differentiation formula (BBDF). The stability region covered the entire negative half plane, proving that the method constructed is A-stable. To validate the method derived, some problems known to be stiff were solved and the results obtained are compared with the existing BBDF in terms of maximum error and computation time. The comparison shows that the error growth for the new method is smaller compared to 2-point BBDF.
Fibromyalgia, Pain, and Physical Activity: A Bibliometric Analysis

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a rheumatic disease characterized by pain, fatigue, low-quality sleep, depression, anxiety, stiffness, fall risk, mood disturbance, cognitive impairment, poor physical condition, and other symptoms leading to a worse quality of life. Physical activity (PA) and exercise are effective methods to reduce FM symptoms, including pain. This study presents the first bibliometric study on FM, pain, and PA. An advanced search of the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database performed on this topic using was carried out traditional bibliometric laws. A total of 737 documents were found. Annual publications presented an exponentially growing trend (R2 = 85.3%). Rheumatology International, Kaisa Mannerkorpi, and the USA were the journal, co-author, and country most productive, respectively. The exponential growth of annual publications on FM, PA, and pain shows the high interest of researchers and publishers in this topic. The document “Fibromyalgia A Clinical Review” was the most cited. Moreover, Kaisa Mannerkorpi was the most prolific co-author, Rheumatology International was the most prolific journal, “Fibromyalgia: a clinical review” was the most highly cited document, and Daniel Clauw was the most cited co-author.
Gauge invariance of quantum gravity in the causal approach

We investigate gauge invariance of perturbative quantum gravity without matter fields in the causal Epstein - Glaser approach. This approach uses free fields only so that all objects of the theory are mathematically well defined. The first-order graviton self-couplings are obtained from the Einstein - Hilbert Lagrangian written in terms of Goldberg variables and expanded to lowest order on the flat Minkowski background metric (linearized Einstein theory). Similar to Yang - Mills theory, gauge invariance to first order requires an additional coupling to fermionic ghost fields. For second-order tree graphs, gauge invariance generates four-graviton normalization terms, which agree exactly with the next order of the expansion of the Einstein - Hilbert Lagrangian. Gauge invariance of the ghost sector is then examined in detail. It is stressed that, despite some formal similarities, the concept of operator gauge invariance used in the causal method is different from the conventional BRS-invariance commonly used in the literature.
Fault diagnosis of wind turbine based on multi-signal CNN-GRU model

Deep Learning has been widely used in the monitoring and diagnosis of wind turbines. However, most of the current fault diagnosis methods only use single sensor signal as the input of DL model, which leads to the limitation of the model performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-signal CNN-GRU model. Firstly, the acquired multiple sensor signals are converted to time–frequency images by Multi-Synchrosqueezing S-Transform, the frequency domain features of multiple sensors are extracted by Convolutional Neural Network and fused by Attention Mechanism, then the multi-source time-frequency features are extracted by Gated Recurrent Unit and finally classified by SoftMax. Experiments are conducted on the CWRU dataset and the field gearbox dataset. The results show that the proposed method achieves an average accuracy of 99.69% and 100% on the two datasets, which are both higher than existing DL-based fault diagnosis methods. The proposed method can effectively fuse signals from multiple sensors, thus improving the classification accuracy and stability of the model, which has high practicality and reliability for fault diagnosis of wind turbines.
Why do antiferroelectrics show higher fatigue resistance than ferroelectrics under bipolar electrical cycling

We show that our fatigue model developed recently for ferroelectrics could explain why antiferroelectrics show higher fatigue resistance than ferroelectrics under bipolar electrical cycling. The better fatigue endurance of antiferroelectrics in comparison with their ferroelectric counterparts originates from their lower depolarization field, their lower local injected power density, and consequently their lower local phase decomposition probability at the phase nucleation sites. The model, which could explain the fact that unipolar pulses will produce no or little fatigue in ferroelectrics, predicts that evident fatigue will occur in at least one of the two hysteretic branches of antiferroelectrics under unipolar electrical cycling.
Analysis of Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs in Serum and Lung Tissues from Individuals with Severe Asthma Treated with Oral Glucocorticoids

Nowadays, microRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly used as biomarkers due to their potential contribution to the diagnosis and targeted treatment of a range of diseases. The aim of the study was to analyze the miRNA expression profiles in serum and lung tissue from patients with severe asthma treated with oral corticosteroids (OCS) and those without OCS treatment. For this purpose, serum and lung tissue miRNAs of OCS and non-OCS asthmatic individuals were evaluated by miRNAs-Seq, and subsequently miRNA validation was performed using RT-qPCR. Additionally, pathway enrichment analysis of deregulated miRNAs was conducted. We observed altered expression by the next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 11 miRNAs in serum, of which five (hsa-miR-148b-3p, hsa-miR-221-5p, hsa-miR-618, hsa-miR-941, and hsa-miR-769-5p) were validated by RT-qPCR, and three miRNAs in lung tissue (hsa-miR-144-3p, hsa-miR-144-5p, and hsa-miR-451a). The best multivariate logistic regression model to differentiate individuals with severe asthma, treated and untreated with OCS, was to combine the serum miRNAs hsa-miR-221-5p and hsa-miR-769-5p. Expression of hsa-miR-148b-3p and hsa-miR-221-5p correlated with FEV1/FVC (%) and these altered miRNAs act in key signaling pathways for asthma disease and the regulated expression of some genes (FOXO3, PTEN, and MAPK3) involved in these pathways. In conclusion, there are miRNA profiles differentially expressed in OCS-treated individuals with asthma and could be used as biomarkers of OCS treatment.
Capturing of organic carbon and nitrogen in eelgrass sediments of southern Scandinavia

The ability of seagrass meadows to filter nutrients and capture and store CO2 and nutrients in the form of organic carbon (OC) and nitrogen (N) in their sediments may help to mitigate local eutrophication as well as climate change via meadow restoration and protection. This study assesses OC and N sediment stocks (top 50 cm) and sequestration rates within Danish eelgrass meadows. At four locations, eelgrass‐vegetated and nearby unvegetated plots were studied in protected and exposed areas. The average OC and N sediment 50 cm stocks were 2.6 ± 0.3 kg OC m−2 and 0.23 ± 0.01 kg N m−2, including vegetated and unvegetated plots. In general, OC and N stocks did not differ significantly between eelgrass meadows and unvegetated sediments. Lack of accumulation of excess 210Pb suggested sediment erosion or low rates of sediment accumulation at most sites. OC accumulation rates ranged from 6 to 134 g m−2 yr−1 and N from 0.7 to 14 g m−2 yr−1. Generalized additive models showed that ≥ 80% of the variation in sediment OC and N stocks was explained by sediment grain size, organic matter source, and hydrodynamic exposure. Long cores, dated with 210Pb, showed declining OC and N densities toward present time, suggesting long‐term declines in eelgrass OC and N pools. Estimates of potential nation‐wide OC and N accumulation in eelgrass sediments show that they could annually capture up to 0.7% ± 0.5% of CO2 emissions and 6.9% ± 5.2% of the total terrestrial N load.
The Difference in Hydrogen Abundance between Two Classes of Type I X-Ray Bursts

The hypothesis that the bright type I X-ray bursts differ from faint bursts in that a hydrogen-rich envelope is ejected in the former type and not in the latter is theoretically discussed and experimentally investigated. Color-temperature versus luminosity diagrams of X-ray bursts from MXB 1636-536 and MXB 1608-522 are constructed based on observations from the Tenma satellite and are used to study the hydrogen richness of the surface of the neutron stars resulting from the outbursts. Systematic differences between the bright and faint class diagrams are found which confirm the hypothesis. 28 references.