Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved Infrared Imaging of Semiconductor Devices

Infrared thermal microscopy is a widely used tool for the thermal analysis of microelectronic circuits [1]. It is a noncontact measurement technique and utilizes naturally emitted infrared radiation from a sample. Commercial IR microscopes are readily available, offering a maximum spatial resolution of ~ 3 μm and a range of analysis options, including real time thermal mapping and thermal transient detection [2]. The technique has been used to study a number of different types of electronic device including GaAs FETs [3], MMICs [4], RF power amplifiers [5,6] and device packaging [7]. The optical power emitted by an ideal infrared emitter, a so called blackbody, can be defined as a function of wavelength λ at a known temperature T by Planck’s radiation law [8]
Alcoholism and Alternative Splicing of Candidate Genes

Gene expression studies have shown that expression patterns of several genes have changed during the development of alcoholism. Gene expression is regulated not only at the level of transcription but also through alternative splicing of pre-mRNA. In this review, we discuss some of the evidence suggesting that alternative splicing of candidate genes such as DRD2 (encoding dopamine D2 receptor) may form the basis of the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of alcoholism. These reports suggest that aberrant expression of splice variants affects alcohol sensitivities, and alcohol consumption also regulates alternative splicing. Thus, investigations of alternative splicing are essential for understanding the molecular events underlying the development of alcoholism.
Effect of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium depletion on intramembranous charge movement in frog cut muscle fibers

Cut muscle fibers from Rana temporaria (sarcomere length, 3.3-3.5 microns; temperature, 13-16 degrees C) were mounted in a double Vaseline-gap chamber and equilibrated for at least an hour with an internal solution that contained 20 mM EGTA and phenol red and an external solution that contained predominantly TEA-gluconate; both solutions were nominally Ca-free. The increase in total myoplasmic concentration of Ca (delta[CaT]) produced by sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca release was estimated from the change in pH produced when the released Ca was complexed by EGTA (Pape, P.C., D.-S. Jong, and W.K. Chandler. 1995. Journal of General Physiology. 106:259-336). The resting value of SR Ca content, [CaSR]R (expressed as myoplasmic concentration), was taken to be equal to the value of delta[CaT] obtained during a step depolarization (usually to -50 to -40 mV) that was sufficiently long (200-750 ms) to release all of the readily releasable Ca from the SR. In ten fibers, the first depolarization gave [CaSR]R = 839-1,698 microM. Progressively smaller values were obtained with subsequent depolarizations until, after 30-40 depolarizations, the value of [CaSR]R had usually been reduced to < 10 microM. Measurements of intramembranous charge movement, Icm, showed that, as the value of [CaSR]R decreased, ON-OFF charge equality held and the amount of charge moved remained constant. ON Icm showed brief initial I beta components and prominent I gamma "humps", even after the value of [CaSR]R was < 10 microM. Although the amplitude of the hump component decreased during depletion, its duration increased in a manner that preserved the constancy of ON charge. In the depleted state, charge movement was steeply voltage dependent, with a mean value of 7.2 mV for the Boltzmann factor k. These and other results are not consistent with the idea that there is one type of charge, Q beta, and that I gamma is a movement of Q beta caused by SR Ca release, as proposed by Pizarro, Csernoch, Uribe, Rodriguez, and Rios (1991. Journal of General Physiology. 97:913-947). Rather, our results imply that Q beta and Q gamma represent either two distinct species of charge or two transitions with different properties of a single species of charge, and that SR Ca content or release or some related event alters the kinetics, but not the amount of Q gamma. Many of the properties of Q gamma, as well as the voltage dependence of the rate of SR Ca release for small depolarizations, are consistent with predictions from a simple model in which the voltage sensor for SR Ca release consists of four interacting charge movement particles.
Co-word Analysis using the Chinese Character Set

Until recently, Chinese texts could not be studied using co-word analysis because the words are not separated by spaces in Chinese (and Japanese). A word can be composed of one or more characters. The online availability of programs that separate Chinese texts makes it possible to analyze them using semantic maps. Chinese characters contain not only information, but also meaning. This may enhance the readability of semantic maps. In this study, we analyze 58 words which occur ten or more times in the 1652 journal titles of the China Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations Database. The word occurrence matrix is visualized and factor-analyzed.
Orthogonal key-value locking

B-trees have been ubiquitous for decades; and over the past 20 years, record-level locking has been ubiquitous in b-tree indexes. There are multiple designs, each a different tradeoff between (i) high concurrency and a fine granularity of locking for updates, (ii) efficient coarse locks for equality and range queries, (iii) run time efficiency with the fewest possible invocations of the lock manager, and (iv) conceptual simplicity for efficient development, maintenance, and testing. A new design introduced here is efficient and simple yet supports both fine and coarse granularities of locking. A lock request may cover (i) a gap (open interval) between two (actual) key values, (ii) a key value with its entire list of (actual and possible) row identifiers (in a non-unique secondary index), (iii) a specific pair of key value and row identifier, or (iv) a distinct key value and a fraction of all (actual and possible) row identifiers. Using specific examples such as insertions, deletions, equality queries, and phantom protection, case studies compare four prior btree locking techniques and the new one. Experiments show that the new technique reduces the number of lock requests yet increases transactional concurrency, improving transaction throughput for both read-only and read-write transactions. The case studies and the experiments suggest that new b-tree implementations as well as existing ones ought to adopt the new locking techniques.
Trends in acute myocardial infarction incidence and mortality over 30 years in Japan: report from the MIYAGI-AMI Registry Study.

BACKGROUND Worldwide, the rate of aging is highest in Japan, especially the female population. To explore the trends for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Japan, the MIYAGI-AMI Registry Study has been conducted for 30 years since 1979, whereby all AMI patients in the Miyagi prefecture are prospectively registered. METHODS AND RESULTS In 1979-2008, 22,551 AMI patients (male/female 16,238/6,313) were registered from 43 hospitals. The age-adjusted incidence of AMI (/100,000persons/year) increased from 7.4 in 1979 to 27.0 in 2008 (P<0.001). Although control of coronary risk factors remained insufficient, the rates of ambulance use and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have increased, and the overall in-hospital mortality (age-adjusted) has decreased from 20.0% in 1979 to 7.8% in 2008 (P<0.0001). However, the in-hospital mortality remains relatively higher in female than in male patients (12.2% vs 6.3% in 2008). Female patients were characterized by higher age and lower PCI rate. CONCLUSIONS The MIYAGI-AMI Registry Study demonstrates the steady trend of an increasing incidence, but decreasing mortality, for AMI in Japan over the past 30 years, although the female population still remains at higher risk for in-hospital death, despite improvements in the use of ambulances and primary PCI. (Circ J 2010; 74: 93 - 100).
Optimization of two-dimensional ion trap arrays for quantum simulation

The optimization of two-dimensional (2D) lattice ion trap geometries for trapped ion quantum simulation is investigated. The geometry is optimized for the highest ratio of ion–ion interaction rate to decoherence rate. To calculate the electric field of such array geometries a numerical simulation based on a ‘Biot–Savart like law’ method is used. In this article we will focus on square, hexagonal and centre rectangular lattices for optimization. A method for maximizing the homogeneity of trapping site properties over an array is presented for arrays of a range of sizes. We show how both the polygon radii and separations scale to optimize the ratio between the interaction and decoherence rate. The optimal polygon radius and separation for a 2D lattice is found to be a function of the ratio between radio-frequency (rf) voltage and drive frequency applied to the array. We then provide a case study for 171Yb+ ions to show how a 2D quantum simulator array could be designed.
Experimental comparison between super-channel and sub-band single-carrier for 400 Gb/s and 800 Gb/s transport

124 GBaud single-carrier based on 4-sub-band transmitter is compared experimentally with 4×30.25 GBaud super-channel solution. Using QPSK and 16QAM in a 125 GHz grid, we evaluate implementation penalties and performance in back-to-back and after long-haul transmission.
Exploring Silicon Nanophotonics in Throughput Architecture

In high-performance throughput processors, the interconnect experiences power and energy bottlenecks due to massive parallelism and ever-increasing memory accesses in emerging workloads. Also, high-performance throughput processors have exposed bandwidth and latency bottlenecks in on-chip interconnect and off-chip memory access. To eliminate such bottlenecks, we propose silicon nanophotonics and 3-D stacking technologies in throughput architecture. It provides higher communication bandwidth and lower latency signaling mechanisms at reduced power. We evaluate a 3-D stacked GPU with 2048 SIMD cores having photonic interconnect. The photonic multiple-writer-single-reader crossbar network with 32-B channel bandwidth on average achieves 91% network power reduction. In addition, it improves average core-to-memory access latency by 59% and 87% for northbound and southbound traffic, respectively. We anticipate that for emerging workloads and microarchitectures the implications of the proposed ideas are far reaching.
Characterization of the atypical lymphocytes in African swine fever

Aim: Atypical lymphocytes usually described as lymphocytes with altered shape, increased DNA amount, and larger size. For analysis of cause of genesis and source of atypical lymphocytes during African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection, bone marrow, peripheral blood, and in vitro model were investigated. Materials and Methods: Atypical lymphocytes under the influence of ASFV were studied for morphologic, cytophotometric, and membrane surface marker characteristics and were used in vivo and in vitro models. Results: This study indicated the increased size, high metabolic activity, and the presence of additional DNA amount in atypical lymphocytes caused by ASFV infection. Furthermore, in atypical lymphocytes, nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio usually decreased, compared to normal lymphocytes. In morphology, they looking like lymphocytes transformed into blasts by exposure to mitogens or antigens in vitro. They vary in morphologic detail, but most of them are CD2 positive. Conclusions: Our data suggest that atypical lymphocytes may represent an unusual and specific cellular response to ASFV infection.
Choice of Spacecraft Control Contour Variant with Self-configuring Stochastic Algorithms of Multi-criteria Optimization

Command-programming control contours of spacecraft are modelled with Markov chains. These models are used for the preliminary design of spacecraft control system effective structure. Corresponding optimization multi-objective problems with algorithmically given functions of mixed variables are solved with a special stochastic algorithms called Self-configuring Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, Cooperative Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm with Parallel Implementation and Co-Operation of Biology Related Algorithms for solving multi-objective integer optimization problems which require no settings determination and parameter tuning. The high performance of the suggested algorithms is proved by solving real problems of the control contours structure preliminary design.
Remote healthcare monitor system

Remote healthcare has the potential to greatly impact many aspect of medical care. By outfitting patients with wireless, wearable vital sign sensors, collecting detailed real-time data on physiological status can be greatly simplified. Medical care has its special needs. It needs node mobility, a wide range of data rates and high degrees of reliability, and security. This paper describes our experience with developing a combined hardware, software, and communication protocol for such a system. In Particular, this paper discusses the design and implementation of such a system in details.
Initialization Strategies of Spatio-Temporal Convolutional Neural Networks

We propose a new way of incorporating temporal information present in videos into Spatial Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) trained on images, that avoids training Spatio-Temporal ConvNets from scratch. We describe several initializations of weights in 3D Convolutional Layers of Spatio-Temporal ConvNet using 2D Convolutional Weights learned from ImageNet. We show that it is important to initialize 3D Convolutional Weights judiciously in order to learn temporal representations of videos. We evaluate our methods on the UCF-101 dataset and demonstrate improvement over Spatial ConvNets.
Antihyperglycemic activity of F. deltoidea ethanolic extract in normal rats

Ficus deltoidea is one of the common medicinal plants used in Malaysia. This epiphytic plant, from the Moraceae family has been claimed to have antidiabetic property. However, scientific evidence to confirm its efficacy is still lacking. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of F. deltoidea on glucose level in normal rats at different prandial state. The results showed that, all doses of ethanolic extract of F. deltoidea reduced fasting blood glucose particularly after 6 h of administration. Interestingly, the extract did not produce severe hypoglycemia as shown by its comparable effect with metformin. Likewise, postprandial hyperglycemia was also significantly reduced particularly after 4 and 6 h of administration. Furthermore, extract was used at a dose of 1000 mg/kg b.w. , reduced postprandial hyperglycemia similar to metformin. This suggests that postprandial antihyperglycemic mechanism of this extract is mediated through enhancement of glucose uptake into muscle cells and reduction of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Glucose tolerance activity was also significantly improved in the presence of ethanolic extract of F. deltoidea. From this study, it is suggested that ethanolic extract of F. deltoidea reduced postprandial hyperglycemia and improves glucose tolerance activity in normal rats.
Robust model reference sliding mode control for flexible air-breathing hypersonic vehicle

This paper is concerned with the robust model reference sliding mode control (MRSMC) design problem for flexible air-breathing hypersonic vehicle (FAHV). This problem is challenging because of the inherent couplings between the propulsion system, the airframe dynamics and the existence of strong flexibility effects. A reference model, which can provide ideal dynamics, is designed for FAHV with parameter uncertainties and external disturbance, and the parameter uncertainties and external disturbance are not necessary to satisfy the so-called matched condition. A tracking error model is first proposed with respect to the reference model. An integral sliding surface is designed, and then a sufficient condition is derived to guarantee the global robust stability of the sliding dynamics on the specified surface in the presence of unmatched uncertainties and disturbance. The reachability of the specified sliding surface is guaranteed by the designed control law. Finally, simulations on the nonlinear dynamics of FAHV are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed control methods.
Mission Energy Prediction for Unmanned Ground Vehicles Using Real‐time Measurements and Prior Knowledge

A typical unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) mission can be composed of various tasks and several alternative paths. Small UGVs are typically teleoperated and rely on electric rechargeable batteries for their operations. Since each battery has limited energy storage capacity, it is essential to predict the expected mission energy requirement during the mission execution and update this prediction adaptively via real‐time performance measurements (e.g., vehicle power consumption and velocity). We propose and compare two methods in this paper. One is based on recursive least‐squares estimation built upon a UGV longitudinal dynamics model. The other is based on Bayesian estimation when prior knowledge (e.g., road average grade and operator driving style) is available. The proposed Bayesian prediction can effectively combine prior knowledge with real‐time performance measurements for adaptively updating the prediction of the mission energy requirement. Our experimental and simulation studies show that the Bayesian approach can yield more accurate predictions even with moderately imprecise prior knowledge. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A 189-bp repeat region within the human cytomegalovirus replication origin contains a sequence dispensable but irreplaceable with other sequences.

The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication origin exhibits a strain-dependent difference in the number of copies of a 189-bp region: the AD169 and Towne strains contain one and three copies of the region, respectively. A nearly complete deletion of the 189-bp repeat region of the Towne strain does not eliminate the origin's ability to initiate DNA synthesis. Here we report that the replication ability of the HCMV replication origin in infected cells disappeared after replacements of an internal sequence (152 bp) of the 189-bp repeat region with lambda DNA of identical and different lengths as well as after introduction of multiple nucleotide substitutions within the 152-bp internal sequence of the 189-bp repeat. In contrast, a variation in the copy number of 189-bp region (either one or two copies) or an inversion of the 152-bp internal sequence of the 189-bp repeat maintained replication abilities similar to those of the wild-type origin of the Towne strain. These results indicate that the 189-bp repeat region within the HCMV replication origin is not just a dispensable spacer sequence but instead contains an irreplaceable sequence that may play a supporting role in HCMV DNA replication.
On some new invariants for strong shift equivalence for shifts of finite type

We introduce a new computable invariant for strong shift equivalence of shifts of finite type. The invariant is based on an invariant introduced by Trow, Boyle, and Marcus, but has the advantage of being readily computable. We summarize briefly a large-scale numerical experiment aimed at deciding strong shift equivalence for shifts of finite type given by irreducible $2\times 2$-matrices with entry sum less than 25, and give examples illustrating to power of the new invariant, i.e., examples where the new invariant can disprove strong shift equivalence whereas the other invariants that we use can not.
The Performance of Multiple Model-Simulated Soil Moisture Datasets Relative to ECV Satellite Data in China

Reliability and accuracy of soil moisture datasets are essential for understanding changes in regional climate such as precipitation and temperature. Soil moisture datasets from the Essential Climate Variable (ECV), the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP), the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS), and reanalysis products are widely used. These datasets generated by different techniques are compared in a common framework over China in this study. The comparison focuses on four aspects: spatial pattern, temporal correlation, long-term trend, and the relationships with precipitation and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results indicate that all soil moisture datasets reach a good agreement on the spatial patterns of wet and dry soil. These patterns are also consistent with that of precipitation. However, there are considerable discrepancies in the absolute values of soil moisture among these datasets. In terms of unbiased Root-Mean-Square Difference (unRMSE, i.e., removing the differences in absolute values), all modeled datasets obtain performances comparable with ECV observations. Our results also suggest that a multi-model ensemble of soil moisture datasets can improve the representation of soil moisture conditions. The optimal dataset from which the wetting/drying trends in soil moisture have the highest consistency in terms of changes in precipitation and NDVI varies by season. Specifically, in spring, CMIP5 in northwest China shows that the trends in soil moisture are consistent with the changes in precipitation and NDVI. In summer, ECV presents the most identical performance compared to the changes in precipitation and NDVI. In autumn, GLDAS and Reanalysis have better performance in south China and parts of north China. In winter, GLDAS performs the best in the east of south China, followed by the Reanalysis dataset. These discrepancies among the datasets present various changes in different regions, which should be well noted and discussed before use.
Impact of Micropiles Installation on Liquefaction Potential of Saturated Silty Sand Using Numerical Method

This paper investigates the effect of micropile installation into saturated sandy soil by means of finite element method. The obtained results from numerical modeling are compared with the received data from the site. The validation of software has been done by simulating standard penetration test. The effect of some changes in spacing (3m, 1.6m and 0.8m) and injection pressure (1cm, 2.5cm, 5cm and 10cm boundary displacement) micropiles on liquefaction behavior was discussed. The results show that numerical modeling presented a conservative conclusion about the potential of liquefaction. The modification of soil increased by increasing injection pressure of grout. Also, it was observed that the effect of micropile spacing has less impact than the injection pressures up to 1m free distance of micropiles. Then for closer micropiles, the effect of spacing and the effect of pressure became bold and intensive, respectively. Because of direct relationship between number of SPT and liquefaction potential, it would be necessary to simulate SPT and D ow nl oa de d fr om je g. kh u. ac . ir a t 1 7: 37 + 04 30 o n T hu rs da y A pr il 22 nd 2 02 1 148 Journal of Engineering Geology, Vol. 13, Winter 2020 to validate with the real data, before and next of micropile installation. This approach can be a proper way of forecasting the efficiency degree of modification by micropiles and could save costs