Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Menstrual Hygiene Problems and Challenges Faced by Adolescent Females in Rural Areas: A Narrative Review

Menstruation is a vital sign of reproductive health and development. Menstrual hygiene practices are consequently a significant public health issue. However, menstrual practices are still tainted by taboos and other sociocultural constraints, which adversely affect health since adolescent females in rural areas are unaware of the scientific facts regarding menstrual hygiene practices. The Indian government has recognized the significance of menstrual hygiene and developed and implemented several programs and schemes for menstrual hygiene management (MHM). But due to a lack of, little, or inaccurate knowledge and cultural practices and socio-economic status, adolescent females face many obstacles and suffer from health issues. A comprehensive literature and data search was done using key databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar and other sources such as the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO), and Google to identify the relevant articles and reviewed publications using full-text search. A total of 40 articles out of 1,461 were selected for review after the screening and elimination of repeated articles. The objective of this literature review is to assess the awareness and knowledge of the importance of menstruation, the understanding of safe menstruation practices, the significance of properly disposing of menstrual products, and the knowledge of how to guard against reproductive system infection and its consequences and also to identify the problems and challenges faced by adolescent females during their menstrual hygiene practices or management. The core of many health issues is misinformation, myths, erroneous beliefs, lack of awareness, and incomplete or incorrect knowledge about menstruation. Therefore, it is essential to teach adolescent females about hygienic behavior and safe menstrual practices.
Prediction of the toxic impact on the freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus intermedius produced by the interaction of copper sulfate and copper oxychloride in a binary mixture with glyphosate

The high population growth worldwide causes a high demand for food with an increase in the use of different agrochemicals, with pesticides and herbicides being the primary pollutants of anthropogenic origin in the environment. One of the critical aims of ecotoxicology is the evaluation of toxic effects of mixtures of chemical substances that can have additive, synergistics or antagonistics effects in different ecosystems. For this reason, the aims of this research were to: 1) estimate the individual subchronic toxicity of agrochemicals copper oxychloride [Cu2(OH)3Cl], copper sulfate (CuSO4), and glyphosate (Gly-BH) on the inhibition of population growth of the freshwater chlorophyte Scenedesmus intermedius, and 2) predict the antagonistic, synergistic, or additive behaviour of binary mixtures of Gly-BH with Cu2(OH)3Cl and CuSO4 through the Combination Index Equation (CIE). The individual toxicity order at 7 days of exposure in S. intermedius was CuSO4 (IC50 2.70 mg/l) > Gly-BH (IC50 4.03 mg/l) with no statistical differences between both agrochemicals and > Cu2(OH)3Cl (IC50 25.59 mg/l) with a major tolerance if it compared with the other chemicals. For the binary mixture of CuSO4/Gly-BH, an antagonistic effect was observed (combination index CI > 1), but with lower toxicity (IC50 7.40 mg/l) when compared with the individual responses of these compounds. However, in the mixture, Cu2(OH)3Cl/Gly-BH was more toxic with a synergistic response (IC50 0.85 mg/l) even between 5 and 30 times higher. These results highlight the importance of studying interactions of chemical substances in ecosystems to establish a better evaluation and regulation of their environmental impact.
Protein Complex Detection by Seed-expansion Method Based on Random Walk with Restart

Proteins form complexes to perform their functions in the living system. Many graph-based clustering methods have been used to detect complexes from protein-protein interaction networks (PPIs). However, it is difficult to find hundreds of complexes of various structures from large and disordered PPIs. This paper proposes a novel approach for complexes detection based on Random Walk with Restart (CDRWR) since RWR can find the global relevance similarity between nodes. CDRWR firstly uses the similarity to weight the edges of PPIs and expands the significant complex seeds from every node to ensure the complexes integrity. The external protein nodes are included by comparing the density, and a merging method is applied to confirm the final protein complexes. Experiments are conducted to compare CDRWR with existing methods on a few yeast PPIs datasets according to two evaluation criteria, F1-score and NMI (Normalized Mutual Information), and the results show that it has the best performance in accuracy.
Boundary Conditions and Layer technique for the Simulation of Electromagnetic Waves above a Lossy Medium

Two inovative techniques for the simulation of the effect of a lossy dielectric half-space are derived and analysed. The first is an adapted impedance surface condition imposed at the interface to replace the dielectric medium. This condition, when coupled with Maxwell's equations yields a stable system which can be written in a variational form. It allows us to take into acccount both the polarization and the angle of incidence of the out-going waves. The second technique is a generalization of the Berenger perfectly matched layers: the dielectric is now replaced by a short length layer in which the waves are governed by a modification of Maxwell's equations. For this model, the two reflection coefficients are the same as for the true dielectric while the damping inside the layer is enforced.
Influences of Probability Instruction on Undergraduates' Understanding of Counting Processes

OF DISSERTATION INFLUENCES OF PROBABILITY INSTRUCTION ON UNDERGRADUATES’ UNDERSTANDING OF COUNTING PROCESSES Historically, students in an introductory finite mathematics course at a major university in the mid-south have struggled the most with the counting and probability unit, leading instructors to question if there was a better way to help students master the material. The purpose of this study was to begin to understand connections that undergraduate finite mathematics students are making between counting and probability. By examining student performance in counting and probability, this study provides insights that inform future instruction in courses that include counting and probability. Consequently, this study lays the groundwork for future inquiries in the field of undergraduate combinatorics education that will further improve student learning and resulting performance in counting and probability.
An adaptive robust control scheme for robot manipulators with unknown backlash nonlinearity in gears

This paper presents an adaptive robust control algorithm for the nonlinear dynamics of robot manipulators with unknown backlash in gears. The basic nonlinear model of a serial manipulator robot is used for the controller design, and this is combined with the nonlinear proposed dead zone model, based on the input and output torque. The main idea of providing this model is to achieve a dynamic model of the system considering the backlash of the robot joint gears, and having less complexity such that the developed controller does not need the inverse backlash model. The adaptive robust controller is developed, without using the inverse backlash model. The proposed controller is designed based on an unknown dead zone parameter and it guarantees the stability and path tracking of the robot trajectory with unknown dead zone parameter in the desired range. Numerical simulations are conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller. Finally, the efficiency and capability of the proposed controller in dealing with the unknown backlash nonlinearities in gears of the manipulator are demonstrated by experimental results with a five-bar manipulator.
TEST GENERATION AND SIMULATION FOR CROSSTALK FAULTS

The main models of crosstalk faults are defined: 1) induced positive and negative pulses, 2) induced delays. The purpose of the work is to increase the effectiveness of the methods of constructing checking tests for digital systems based on an evolutionary approach and models of non-const fault. Formalized statement of the problem of test generation for a single crosstalk faults-induced pulses and delays. It is shown that this problem is reduced to solving a system of logic equations in the multi-valued alphabet. The 8-valued alphabet and multivalued functions for basic gates are defined. Simulation method was developed in the 8-valued alphabet for crosstalk faults. On this basis, the genetic algorithm is proposed for test generation of single cross-faults. The test generation problem for fault-induced delay is formalized A genetic algorithm of test generation for fault-induced is proposed. Developed algorithms and software for test generation for crosstalk faults, which improve the quality of test generation by using evolutionary techniques. The approbation of the developed methods is implemented at circuits of international catalogs ISCAS85, ISCAS89, which showed an increase in the completeness of tests by 15%.
Characteristics of amplitude modulation cantilever sensor with optical waveguide in liquid

We present the basic characteristics of amplitude modulation cantilever with optical waveguide in liquid. This optical waveguide cantilever-based transducer can be used for small particle detection or biological sensing in liquid environments. Essentially, the SiON waveguide embedded in the SiO2 cantilever is designed and fabricated to detect the biomolecular interaction or small particle in the liquid. For a measurement, the actuation based on amplitude modulation is applied for a stable oscillation of the cantilever in liquid environment. Finally, modulated output signal of optical waveguide cantilever were measured and analyzed.
Prediction method and system of the occurrence of a malfunction during drilling

- The present invention relates to a method and a system adapted to control the behavior of a drilling tool -. Depreciation is determined associated with a specific mode of torsional vibration measured by at least one device measuring placed in the drill string . - We predicted the occurrence of stick-slip type of malfunction when a function of time, the value of the damping decreases significantly -. We then varies the drilling parameters in order to avoid the occurrence of malfunction.
Thermal buckling and postbuckling analysis of piezoelectric FGM beams based on high-order shear deformation theory

ABSTRACT This article deals with the thermal buckling and postbuckling of functionally graded material (FGM) beams with surface-bonded piezoelectric actuators based on physical neutral surface concept and high-order shear deformation theory including von Kármán strain–displacement relationships. The beams are exposed to a uniform temperature field and electric field, the material properties of FGM layers are temperature-dependent and vary in the thickness direction. The approximate solutions of piezoelectric FGM beams for thermal buckling and postbuckling are obtained by a two-step perturbation method, meanwhile, the analytical solutions of Timoshenko beam model and Euler beam model are also presented. The validity of the present work can be confirmed by comparisons with previous results. The effects of the applied actuator voltage, beam geometry as well as volume fraction index of FGM beam on the critical buckling temperature, and postbuckling load–deflection relationships are investigated.
Hydration Practices in Maltese Residential Care Homes for Older Adults

Despite consensus about the preventable nature of dehydration, it remains particularly prevalent among older adults residing in residential care home settings. The aim of this study is to explore current hydration practices in residential care homes in Malta. An exploratory qualitative approach was adopted to provide an in-depth understanding of staffs practices for supporting residents hydration in care homes for older adults. Following a feasibility study to increase the overall methodological rigour, thirty-one staff participants across six residential care homes, covering all the six regions of Malta, participated in either face-to-face or online semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed through open coding, followed by axial coding. Peer debriefing amongst the research team was carried out until agreement was reached about the final themes. Three main themes emerged from the data: culture of promoting fluid intake; challenges in supporting older adults to achieve optimum hydration; and hydration practices and approaches. A hydration-promotion culture was evident across all care homes. However, there was a lack of consistency in monitoring hydration and daily fluid targets which emphasises the need for staff training and implementation of clear and accessible guidelines, policies and/or procedures in relation to hydration care within residential settings for older adults. Future research attention should focus on establishing an evidence-based approach to monitoring hydration status and identifying residents at risk of dehydration. Difficulty in monitoring the fluid intake of independent residents was highlighted and we contend that this group of residents should not be overlooked in view of the risk of dehydration. Employing robust and rigorous methods to establish the effectiveness and implementation of innovative approaches would help in making valid contributions to the local evidence base on hydration care in residential care settings.
Utilizing of principal component analysis and geographic information system approach for assessing soil quality index under different land uses: case study

One of the most popular indicators for delivering accurate information about soil quality is the soil quality index (SQI) that commonly calculated using principal component analysis (PCA). The purpose of this work is to evaluate a SQI using a PCA using additive and weights approaches presuming that different soil uses have varied effects on different soil attributes. Principal component analysis has been used to select a minimal dataset (MDS) from soils with various uses (old cultivated, new cultivated and barren soils) to construct SQI from nine soil indicators. The weights for each indicator were assigned by PCA to the SQI integrated by weights (SQI-W) from the MDS. While, the additive SQI (SQI-A) based on the MDS determined by PCA was finally generated. The results demonstrated that the SQI computed from the PCA using the weights and additive integration PCA could clearly distinguish between the three land uses. As a result, the two techniques were sensitive and capable to distinguish between the soils of the three land uses.
Combustor deployments of femtosecond laser written fiber Bragg grating arrays for temperature measurements surpassing 1000°C

Femtosecond Infrared (fs-IR) laser written fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), have demonstrated great potential for extreme sensing. Such conditions are inherent to advanced power plant technologies and gas turbine engines, under development to reduce greenhouse gas emissions; and the ability to measure temperature gradients in these harsh environments is currently limited by the lack of sensors and controls capable of withstanding the high temperature, pressure and corrosive conditions present. This paper reviews our fabrication and deployment of hundreds of fs-IR written FBGs, for monitoring temperature gradients of an oxy-fuel fluidized bed combustor and an aerospace gas turbine combustor simulator.
WEEKLY PRODUCTION PLANNING ON THE BASIS OF AVERAGE VALUE-AT-RISK: A GAME THEORY APPROACH

It is an urgent need to complete a production system with the resilience against deterioration, environ-mental change, demand uncertainty, etc. For the risk of the demand uncertainty, they use stock-out ratio and/or unful(cid:12)lled-order-rate for estimat-ing the risk in the past. In this paper, we propose a formulation and a solution for multi-period production planning problem that re(cid:13)ects the AVaR (Average value-at-risk) for weighing the tail risk and Shapley value in game theory. The characteristics of the solution method by comparing with the previous method are revealed. The present method has the features that it does not require strict probability distribution of stock-out and it enables an extension to the case where demand in diﬀerent period is correlated.
Governing Europe's Recovery and Resilience Facility: Between Discipline and Discretion

The EU's Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) represents a bold integrationist step in European economic governance. Besides the size of the fiscal envelope, the novelty also lies in the new governance. Member states prepare integrated investment and reform plans and need to fulfil milestones and targets to access funding. This article assesses the balance of power in negotiating the plans and the effect on domestic policymaking. Based on five case studies, we show that the RRF has enhanced the steering capacity of the European Commission on reforms and investments, while member states remain ultimately in charge of the plans. Second, we argue that, while the RRF enhances the efficiency of the policymaking process and allows the fast-forwarding of reforms, it has also led to a contractualization of the relationship with the EU and a centralization of decision-making processes within member states. This latter aspect may hamper ownership and legitimacy in policy implementation.
Controlled Search: Building Inverted-Index PEKS With Less Leakage in Multiuser Setting

The public key encryption with keyword search (PEKS) schemes are mostly applied to small data sets in mail forwarding systems. When retrieving large databases, the typical search mechanism makes them inefficient and impractical. When designing a PEKS scheme, except for remedying the vulnerability of keyword guessing attacks (KGAs), other leakage issues, such as multipattern privacy and forward/backward security are rarely considered, which may lead to information leakage. Moreover, most existing PEKS only consider applications in single-user scenarios, and cannot be directly transferred to multiuser scenarios, which undermines the value of data utilization. To cope with the above concerns, we propose a PEKS scheme based on an inverted index where the bitmap is used to build the index for the first time in PEKS to meet some seemingly conflicting yet desirable characteristics. First, it has high search efficiency under multiwriter and multiuser. Through linear transformation, users quickly retrieve data and control other users’ access to their data without relying on a third party for authentication. Second, we prove its security in an enhanced security model that achieves multipattern privacy and forward and backward security. It can also resist KGA attacks without a designated tester, which makes it more practical. Finally, it can be extended to achieve search result verification. Compare to the scheme (Zhang et al. ICWS 2016), it has absolute advantages in security and computational cost where the search efficiency is improved by two orders of magnitude.
Cultivation Strategy of Western Classical Aesthetics in Senior Vocal Music Teaching

: In order to cultivate students' mastery of the basic skills of professional vocal music and enhance their musical literacy through professional aesthetics, the classical aesthetics of the Western Renaissance period are introduced into the teaching of vocal music in normal universities. Dig deeply into the unique music style of this period, with smooth and beautiful song melody, the overall span of the range is not obvious, showing elegant and simple feelings, with a strong spirit of humanism. On the basis of summarizing the style characteristics of Western classical art songs, this paper explores how to reasonably apply Western classical art songs in vocal music teaching in normal universities, analyzes the role of Western classical art songs in vocal and aesthetic teaching in normal universities, and believes that vocal music songs have a limited range and are suitable for singing. Music literacy can be improved by enriching genres, and students can pay attention to musical emoticons by singing softly and slowly, feel the changes brought by different symbols to music. Choose a suitable singing art style, and the singer has their own artistic understanding and aesthetic ability when performing. To have artistic aesthetic ability, one must have an understanding of music history and culture. And an empirical study was conducted using the song "Amaryly" in vocal teaching in normal universities as an example, hoping to cultivate more excellent and comprehensive vocal teaching staff for the vocal teaching career.
Polarization grating fabricated by recording a vector hologram between two orthogonally polarized vector vortex beams

Polarization gratings (PGs) were fabricated by the recording of vector holograms between two orthogonally polarized vector vortex beams (VVBs). The polarization and diffraction properties of the resulting PGs were analyzed theoretically. The feasibility of the process was demonstrated experimentally using a photo-crosslinkable liquid crystal polymer film as the polarization-sensitive material. The fabricated PGs can convert homogeneously polarized laser beams into VVBs, vector beams, optical vortices, and ring-shaped optical lattices by controlling the incident beam’s state of polarization. The PGs that are presented will be applicable to optical communications and optical manipulation processes as vortex generators and converters.
ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION PROBLEMS ANALYSIS FACED BY ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDENTS IN THE SECOND SEMESTER AT INDO GLOBAL MANDIRI UNIVERSITY

The aims of this research were to determine studentâ€™s problems in pronunciation, especially consonants, vowels, and diphthongs. The participants of this study were the second-semester students of the Indo Global Mandiri English Education Study Program. The researcher chose second-semester students because students had understoodÂ the phenomenon of pronunciation and they have taken IEC: Pronunciation courses. There were 23 students involved in this research. The data were collected by conducting direct meetings through a performance test that used three forms of tests such as pronounced 44 sentences, pronounced 31 minimal pairs, pronounced one passage with mixed sounds, and their voices made by the students were recorded by mobile phone. The data showed that in fact, most of the students have problems with pronunciations. It is found that the students had problems in pronouncing the English sounds of consonant [v], [Î¸], [Ã°], vowel [Ã¦], [ÊŒ], [É”:] and diphthong [eÉª], [oÊŠ], [Ð°ÊŠ], [aÉª]. Some of the factors that cause pronunciation problems that students face are: the absence of the sound in their mother tongue, students unfamiliar with the targeted words, and students get used to the wrong pronunciation that has been taught before.