Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Versatile Pipeline for High-fidelity Imaging and Analysis of Vascular Networks Across the Body

Structural and functional changes in vascular networks play a vital role during development, causing or contributing to the pathophysiology of injury and disease. Current methods to trace and image the vasculature in laboratory settings have proven inconsistent, inaccurate, and labor intensive, lacking the inherent three-dimensional structure of vasculature. Here, we provide a robust and highly reproducible method to image and quantify changes in vascular networks down to the capillary level. The method combines vasculature tracing, tissue clearing, and three-dimensional imaging techniques with vessel segmentation using AI-based convolutional reconstruction to rapidly process large, unsectioned tissue specimens throughout the body with high fidelity. The practicality and scalability of our protocol offer application across various fields of biomedical sciences. Obviating the need for sectioning of samples, this method will expedite qualitative and quantitative analyses of vascular networks. Preparation of the fluorescent gel perfusate takes < 30 min per study. Transcardiac perfusion and vasculature tracing takes approximately 20 min, while dissection of tissue samples ranges from 5 to 15 min depending on the tissue of interest. The tissue clearing protocol takes approximately 24–48 h per whole-tissue sample. Lastly, three-dimensional imaging and analysis can be completed in one day. The entire procedure can be carried out by a competent graduate student or experienced technician. Key features • This robust and highly reproducible method allows users to image and quantify changes in vascular networks down to the capillary level. • Three-dimensional imaging techniques with vessel segmentation enable rapid processing of large, unsectioned tissue specimens throughout the body. • It takes approximately 2–3 days for sample preparation, three-dimensional imaging, and analysis. • The user-friendly pipeline can be completed by experienced and non-experienced users.
Target Recognition and Tracking of Sonar Images with Ring-Like Background Noise

As the main tool for underwater detection, sonar has a longer underwater propagation distance and stronger penetration than visible light and infrared rays, and is widely used in oceanographic surveys and hydraulic engineering. However, sonar images are characterized by poor contrast, low resolution, and severe noise. When sonar is used for motion detection, the traditional static background construction method has poor recognition accuracy and slow speed for high-speed moving targets. This paper proposes a method for target detection in underwater sonar images in a ring-shaped rapidly changing noise environment. The median filtering method is firstly used to eliminate the interference of salt and pepper noise, and then the gray integration is carried out on the polar coordinate system to separate the foreground target. The proposed method can locate the target, and offer an accurate target trajectory in which the Kalman filter is employed. The simulation results show that the proposed method has a high recognition rate and can predict the target trajectory even when the target disappears for a while of time.
Autonomous Vision-Guided Two-Arm Collaborative Microassembly Using Learned Manipulation Model

This letter presents an integrated micromanipulation system suited for precise assembly of micro-parts in intricate environments. By embedding the Global Attention Mechanism (GAM) into YOLOv8, the system not only enhances its performance but also accurately identifies target keypoints, pinpointing the center position and rotational angle of the target. Building on this, we introduce a learning-driven pushing assembly manipulation method, adeptly harnessing a regression model trained on historic micromanipulation data. This model captures the nuanced dynamics of micro-components, addressing challenges like frictional contact and other uncertain factors that are typically tough to model. Our experimental suite, executed in complex settings, covers transportation and assembly tasks utilizing dual micro-manipulators. The system's hallmark is its synthesis of YOLOv8-driven keypoint recognition and an advanced pushing manipulation mechanism. Its innovative design and methodologies can be adapted for assembling micro-parts of diverse geometric configurations, especially in sophisticated biological settings, like manipulating biological cells.
The Effect of Group Identity on Chinese College Students’ Social Mindfulness: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model

Purpose The current study examined the effect of group identity on social mindfulness, how awe mediates this effect, and lastly how empathy may moderate the various indirect pathway. Methods A total of 2041 Chinese college students were recruited from different universities or colleges to complete the questionnaire including group identity scale, awe scale, empathy scale and social mindfulness scale. This study was conducted using random and convenient sampling, as well as SPSS and its plugin PROCESS as a statistical tool. Results The present study showed that group identity was positively associated with awe and social mindfulness. Awe was positively associated with social mindfulness. Empathy further moderated the relationship between group identity and awe, awe and social mindfulness, as well as group identity and social mindfulness. Conclusion The findings of this study shed light on a correlation between group identity and social mindfulness. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the practical importance of intervening in the empathy level of students who have poor empathy in order to increase their social mindfulness.
Lower Alertness entails More Cooperation: Evidence from Prisoner’s Dilemma and Coordination Games

We report an experiment on the relationship between sleep and cooperative behavior by using Electroencephalogram (EEG) measuring devices and Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) in measuring subjects’ alertness. In this experiment, two types of games—prisoner’s dilemmas and coordination games—were conducted by controlling subjects’ sleep. We found that lower alertness measured by PVT entails more cooperation in both games. On the other hand, we did not observe a significant relationship between sleeping time and cooperation.
Séroprévalence de la cysticercose, téniasis et ladrerie porcine, à La Réunion en 1992

La cysticercose est une maladie parasitaire largement repandue dans les pays en developpement d'Amerique latine, d'Afrique et d'Asie. De nombreux cas d'atteinte neurologique sont decrits a l'ile de la Reunion. Une enquete de seroprevalence, utilisant une technique immuno-enzymatique ELISA, a ete realisee entre les mois de septembre 1990 et de mai 1992 sur un echantillon representatif de la population adulte de l'ile apres tirage au sort a partir des listes electorales des 24 communes de l'ile. Parmi les 1 010 personnes retenues, 993 ont accepte de repondre a un questionnaire et de subir un prelevement de sang. Les prelevements de 14 personnes sont positifs pour la serologie ELISA de la cysticercose, soit une seroprevalence egale a 1,4 % pour un intervalle de confiance a 95 % allant de 0,7 a 2,1 %. Les personnes seropositives ne presentent pas de difference statistiquement significative selon le sexe et l'âge. Les cas sont repartis dans toute l'ile. Une enquete retrospective sur le teniasis humain a montre la rarete du diagnostic de Taenia solium (moins de 0,02 % des examens parasitologiques des selles). Une enquete veterinaire dans les abattoirs a mis en evidence l'absence de saisie de porc pour ladrerie depuis 1983. Cependant, l'elevage familial non controle reste important. Les conditions socio-economiques sont en net progres. L'endemie de cysticercose est potentiellement eradicable en renforcant les mesures generales d'amelioration de l'habitat et en informant la population sur l'hygiene personnelle et alimentaire et la necessite de traiter le teniasis.
Exploring Design Approaches for 3D Printed Antennas

This comprehensive review explores advancements in the design, fabrication and performance evaluation of three-dimensional (3D) printed antennas, across different frequency ranges. The review highlights the use of diverse printing methods, materials and structures, to achieve specific antenna characteristics and designs, such as wide bandwidth, high gain, circular polarization, and beamforming capabilities. Simulation and measurement results are compared to assess antenna performance, considering parameters such as impedance bandwidth, radiation patterns, gain, and efficiency. The findings showcase the significant potential of 3D printing in the development of antennas for wireless communications, terahertz fr equencies, transmitarray, and multi-beam systems. Various printing techniques are employed to fabricate antennas with complex geometries and optimized performance. Rigorous measurements validate simulation results, addressing challenges related to printing resolution and material selection. This review emphasizes the contributions of 3D printing in antenna engineering, offering customization capabilities, rapid 3D, and improved performance.
The psychosocial functioning in adolescents with severe obesity evaluated throughout the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ): a preliminary report

Introduction Childhood obesity is associated with poor psychological adjustment. Severely impacts the psychological adjustment of young patients. To assess the psychological functioning of children and adolescents, several questionnaires have been proposed so far. Although the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is one of the most well-used tools, its application in obesity research is scarce. The study is aimed at assessing the psychological profile of a sample of Italian children and adolescents seeking an in-hospital multidisciplinary body weight reduction program for obesity, via SDQ. Methods One hundred and fourteen consecutive Italian children and adolescents with obesity (43 males/71 females, age range: 11–17 years, mean age ± SD: 15.1 ± 1.66, body mass index-BMI ± SD: 37.4 ± 6.13 kg/m2), were recruited at the Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB). Results Obese Females reported worse conditions of emotional symptoms (t = 5.48; p < 0.001) and peer problems (t = 2.34; p = 0.021), as well as higher which were associated with greater scores of pro-social behaviors than obese males (t = 3.07; p = 0.003). The total difficulties score (t = 4.00; p < 0.001) and the total impact score (t = 4.53; p < 0.001) were significantly higher in females than males. No statistically significant differences in SDQ variables were found in relation to the degree of obesity (BMI SDS: 2–2.99; BMI SDS: > 3). Discussion These findings can contribute to understand the psychological condition of adolescents with obesity in a better way and also to develop effective interventions for the treatment of pediatric obesity which not only take into account the medical and physical aspects but also the emotional and social difficulties expressed by adolescents with obesity.
A needs analysis on the utilization of learning management systems as blended learning media in elementary school

In Indonesia, educational activities have shifted to home-based learning after the COVID-19 epidemic broke out. Consequently, digital learning has become a necessary option for many teachers. This study aims to understand teachers’ experiences, digital platform mastery, digital-based learning pedagogy and the role of parents in learning at home in implementing the teaching process using learning management system-based blended learning media during the COVID-19 epidemic. A questionnaire was used in this study to gather data on the experiences of the teachers, parents' participation in home learning during COVID-19, the digital pedagogy and the mastery of digital platforms using a qualitative approach. This study involved 16 students’ parents and 96 elementary school teachers. The data was analyzed using NVivo Pro software. The testing of data validity was carried out through data triangulation. Results of this recent study revealed that based on their experience, teachers still used videos as the main teaching material in digital learning and they carried out the learning assessment process using digital platforms. This was impacted by the process of changing from distant learning to the new normal. Additionally, the selection of digital media was carried out by considering media effectiveness, the learning process, available facilities and digital literacy. Moreover, parents not only provided learning facilities at home but were also more active as facilitators and supervisors during the learning process at home. This study contributes to provide some considerations for mathematics teachers in designing learning management system-based blended learning media in elementary schools during the COVID-19 epidemic.
An Objective and Robust Bayes Factor for the Hypothesis Test One Sample and Two Population Means

It has been over 100 years since the discovery of one of the most fundamental statistical tests: the Student’s t test. However, reliable conventional and objective Bayesian procedures are still essential for routine practice. In this work, we proposed an objective and robust Bayesian approach for hypothesis testing for one-sample and two-sample mean comparisons when the assumption of equal variances holds. The newly proposed Bayes factors are based on the intrinsic and Berger robust prior. Additionally, we introduced a corrected version of the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), denoted BIC-TESS, which is based on the effective sample size (TESS), for comparing two population means. We studied our developed Bayes factors in several simulation experiments for hypothesis testing. Our methodologies consistently provided strong evidence in favor of the null hypothesis in the case of equal means and variances. Finally, we applied the methodology to the original Gosset sleep data, concluding strong evidence favoring the hypothesis that the average sleep hours differed between the two treatments. These methodologies exhibit finite sample consistency and demonstrate consistent qualitative behavior, proving reasonably close to each other in practice, particularly for moderate to large sample sizes.
Sulphur dioxide loadings over megacity Lahore (Pakistan) and adjoining region of Indo-Gangetic Basin

ABSTRACT This article presents spatial and temporal variations of planetary boundary layer (PBL) sulphur dioxide (SO2) over megacity Lahore and adjoining region, a typical representative area in the Indo-Gangetic Basin (IGB) largely influenced by transported volcanic SO2 from Africa, Middle East, and southern Europe, by using data retrieved from satellite-based Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) during October 2004–September 2015. We find a positive trend of 2.4% per year (slope 0.01 ± 0.005 with y-intercept 0.35 ± 0.03 Dobson Unit (DU), correlation coefficient r = 0.55 and 2-tailed p-value at 0.1) of OMI-SO2 column with the average value of 0.4 ± 0.05 DU. Strong seasonality of OMI-SO2 column is observed over the region linked with local meteorology, patterns of anthropogenic emissions, crop residue burning, and vegetation cover. There exists a seasonal high value in winter 0.56 ± 0.24 DU with a peak in December 0.67 ± 0.26 DU. The seasonal lowest value is observed to be 0.29 ± 0.11 DU in wet summer with minimum value in July 0.25 ± 0.06 DU. High growth rates of OMI-SO2 column over the study region have been observed in January, June, October, and December ranging from 5.7% to 11.6% per year. Satellite data show elevated OMI-SO2 columns in 2007, 2008, 2011, and 2012 largely contributed by trans-boundary volcanic SO2. A detailed analysis of volcanic SO2 transported from Africa and Middle East (Jabal Al-Tair, Dalaffilla, and Nabro volcanoes) over the study area is presented. Air mass trajectories suggest the presence of long-range transported volcanic SO2 at high altitude levels over Lahore and IGB region during the volcanic episodes. The SO2 enhancements in PBL during winter season are generally due to significant vertical downdraft of high-altitude volcanic SO2. For the first time, we present significant influence of volcanic SO2 from southern Europe (Mt. Etna volcano) reaching over the study area. Daily mean OMI-SO2 levels up to 21.4, 10.0, 5.6, and 2.4 DU have been noticed due to the eruptions from Dalaffilla, Mt. Etna, Nabro, and Jabal Al-Tair volcanoes, respectively.
The Effects of a Physical Activity Intervention on Adiposity, Physical Fitness and Motor Competence: A School-Based, Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

Evidence suggests that early physical activity interventions are a means of preventing childhood obesity and are more effective when delivered in a school setting and based on the ecological model. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the effect of a multicomponent intervention based on the ecological model on adiposity, physical fitness and motor competence in children aged 4 to 5 years. Methods: This study is a non-randomized controlled trial involving 173 children from Chile. The intervention was based on an ecological model and consisted of a physical activity program with three simultaneous parts, affecting intra- and interpersonal dimensions. The adiposity index, body mass index and waist circumference were measured. For physical fitness, muscle strength in the lower part, speed/agility and cardiorespiratory fitness were measured. Motor competence was assessed using catching, aiming and dynamic and static balance tests. Results: After the intervention, there was no reduction in adiposity indices; in the intervention group, body mass index increased significantly with a high effect size. The intervention group showed significant differences in physical fitness in the components of muscle strength in the lower part (p = 0.000) and speed/agility (p = 0.002). For motor competence, the intervention group showed significant improvements in most components. Conclusions: The multicomponent intervention did not reduce adiposity indices; however, it caused significant improvements in the physical fitness and motor competence components, so it seems prudent to continue implementing it, given the benefits that adequate levels of motor competence and physical fitness bring to children’s health, both in the short and long term.
Chromatographic appraisal of fatty acid profile in camel’s milk at different temperatures

Milk is an important component of humans’ diet. Milk fats provide the essential fatty acids important for health and normal growth of the body. The aim of the study was to determine the fatty acid profile of camel’s milk through gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) at different temperatures i.e. 4C, 7C, and 16C. A total of 18 milk samples were obtained from lactating local camels available in Peshawar, Pakistan. The results demonstrated a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) than unsaturated fatty acids (USFA) in milk samples. The predominant fatty acids were Palmitic acid (C16:0), Myristic acid (C14:0) and Stearic acid (C18:0), where they were 48.86%, 23.5% and 15.26% of the total fatty acids in milk respectively. The SFA were dominated by Myristic acid (C14:0) and Palmitic acid (C16:0) and the major monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were Heptadecenoic (C17:1) and Eicosanoic acid (C20:1) and the major polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) was Linoleic acid (C18:2c). The Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) which was represented by Lauric acid (C12:0) only was 1.51% in milk. The current study further elucidated differential expression of diverse fats with temperature changes. The statistical analysis showed that Myristic acid (C14:0), Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), Palmitoleic acid C16:1c, Stearic acid (C18:0), and Linoleic acid (C18:2c) varied significantly (p<0.05) in response to change in temperature.
The Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR) for ERS1

The ATSR is an infrared imaging radiometer which has been selected to fly aboard the ESA Remote Sensing Satellite No. 1 (ERS1) with the specific objective of accurately determining global Sea Surface Temperature (SST). Novel features, including the technique of "along track" scanning, a closed Stirling cycle cooler, and the precision on-board blackbodies are described. Instrument sub-systems are identified and their design trade-offs discussed.
A Quadruple-Sweep Bioimpedance Sensing Method for Arterial Stenosis Detection

Current carotid atherosclerosis diagnostic protocols do not feature techniques that would allow for early or frequent medical examinations, leaving a significant number of asymptomatic carotid stenosis cases undetected and often leading to strokes. The key challenge is that current diagnostics are highly operator-dependent. In this work we used idealised biological models to demonstrate a new rapid, potentially inexpensive and operator-independent diagnostic method, aimed at detecting whether a stenosis exists, rather than seeking to be accurately quantifying or localising it. An array of electrodes was used to obtain sequential bioimpedance values over the skin, through a novel scanning technique, covering an area over the artery of interest. FEM simulations, verified through in-vitro experiments on gelatine phantoms, were used to validate the method. The final results, obtained through image processing algorithms, were in the form of planar bio-impedance maps and were successful both in identifying arterial features and detecting the presence of stenoses of different sizes, and the overall accuracy of detecting stenoses in a vessel without bifurcation is 97.78% and with bifurcation is 91.11%. The results could also be used to indicate the artery’s relative orientation to the sensor, eliminating the need for manual alignment by a specialist operator. Therefore, this method shows promise for routine medical examination, either in primary care, or even at home, to indicate whether a patient would require further, more detailed examinations at a specialist clinic.
Comparison of Different Combinations of Ultra-Short-Term HRV Features for Identifying Driving Anger

Objective: Anger is one of the basic negative emotions, and scenes such as road rage can pose a threat to public safety. The expression of anger and the characteristics of heart rate variability (HRV) are closely related to the autonomic nervous system. HRV features can be analyzed using ultra-short-term R-R interval data; Therefore, this article aimed to compare the effectiveness of different combinations of HRV features in identifying driving anger. Method: Anger and calmness were elicited using video clips during electrocardiography (ECG). 67 HRV features were from extracted and remove individual differences. The best 10 features were selected by using Mann-Whitney U-test. Then, Support Vector Machine (SVM) was used to calculate the accuracy and compare these combinations. Results: as the number of features in the combinations increased, the identification effect became better, but the improvement decreased. After the number of features exceeded 5, there was basically no improvement. Meanwhile, the gap between the combination and combination also decreased. Although the overall effect might not be as good when there were single or few features in them, certain specific feature combinations had good results, such as the combination of four features $(\text{SDNN}+\text{RR}- \text{Mean}+\text{Prc} 20\text{NN}+\text{pNN} 20)$ which was already one of the best combinations. Significance: This study can provide important support and reference for the identification and intervention of “road rage” and other scenarios.