Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dust masses and star formation in bright IRAS galaxies. Application of a physical model for the interpretation of FIR observations

We address the problem of modeling the far-infrared (FIR) spectrum and deriving the star-formation rate (SFR) and the dust mass of spiral galaxies. We use the realistic physical model of Popescu et al. (2000) to describe the overall ultra-violet (UV), optical and FIR spectral energy distribution (SED) of a spiral galaxy. The model takes into account the 3-dimensional old and young stellar distributions in the bulge and the disk of a galaxy, together with the dust geometry. The geometrical characteristics of the galaxy and the intrinsic optical and near-infrared spectra are determined by the galaxy's observed K-band photometry. The UV part of the spectrum is assumed to be proportional to the SFR through the use of population synthesis models. By solving the radiative transfer equation, we are able to determine the absorbed energy, the dust temperature and the resulting FIR spectrum. The model has only three free parameters: SFR, dust mass, and the fraction of the UV radiation which is absorbed locally by dense dust in the HII regions. Using this model, we are able to fit well the FIR spectra of 62 bright IRAS galaxies from the "SCUBA Local Universe Galaxy Survey" of Dunne et al. (2000). As a result, we are able to determine, among others, their SFR and dust mass. We find that, on average, the SFR (in absolute units), the star-formation efficiency, the SFR surface density and the ratio of FIR luminosity over the total intrinsic luminosity, are larger than the respective values of typical spiral galaxies of the same morphological type. We also find that the mean gas-to-dust mass ratio is close to the Galactic value, while the average central face-on optical depth of these galaxies in the V band is 2.3. Finally, we find a strong correlation between SFR or dust mass and observed FIR quantities like total FIR luminosity or FIR luminosity at 100 and 850 µm. These correlations yield well-defined relations, which can be used to determine a spiral galaxy's SFR and dust-mass content from FIR observations.
Using Persona, Scenario, and Use Case to Develop a Human-Robot Augmented Reality Collaborative Workspace

Up to date, methods from Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) have not been widely adopted in the development of Human-Robot Interaction systems (HRI). In this paper, we describe a system prototype and a use case. The prototype is an augmented reality-based collaborative workspace. The envisioned solution is focused on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) where it should enable ordinary-skilled workers to program a robot on a high level of abstraction and perform collaborative tasks effectively and safely. The use case consists of a scenario and a persona, two methods from the field of HCI. We outline how we are going to use these methods in the near future to refine the task of the collaborating robot and human and the interface elements of the collaborative workspace.
Performance Analysis of Three Gated Service Polling Scheme on Wireless Network

Since random access technology can not guarantee quality of service (QoS) requirements in general, the centralized polling-based access mechanism, such as point coordination function in IEEE 802.11, is provided in wireless network to support QoS related services. It is proved that the optimal polling scheme for symmetric systems (same traffic offered to all queues) is exhaustive polling (Liu et al., 1992). This paper proposes three gated service (3-gated) polling scheme on the basis of polling scheme. It is validated that the performance of the novel scheme is close to that of exhaustive polling by the theoretical analysis and simulation. It also shows 3-gated polling is more effective and can avoid unfairness which is inevitable for the exhaustive polling
Developmental environment mediates male seminal protein investment in Drosophila melanogaster

Summary Males of many species fine‐tune their ejaculates in response to sperm competition risk. Resource availability and the number of competitors during development can also strongly influence sperm production. However, despite the key role of seminal proteins in mediating reproductive processes, it is unclear whether seminal protein investment is dependent on the developmental environment. We manipulated the developmental environment of Drosophila melanogaster by rearing flies at low and high density. As expected, this resulted in large and small (i.e. high and low condition) adult phenotypes, respectively. As predicted, large males produced more of two key seminal proteins, sex peptide (SP) and ovulin, and were more successful at obtaining matings with both virgin and previously mated females. However, there was only a weak and non‐significant trend for large males to transfer more absolute quantities of SP at mating, and thus, small males ejaculated proportionally more of their stored accessory gland SP resources. Males transferred more receptivity‐inhibiting SP to large females. Despite this, large females remated more quickly than small females and thus responded to their developmental environment over and above the quantity of SP they received. The results are consistent with two non‐mutually exclusive hypotheses. First, flies might respond to condition‐dependent reproductive opportunities, with (i) small males investing heavily in ejaculates when mating opportunities arise and large males strategically partitioning SP resources and (ii) small females remating at reduced rates because they have higher mating costs or need to replenish sperm less often. Second, flies may be primed by their larval environment to deal with similar adult population densities, with (i) males perceiving high density as signalling increased competition, leading small males to invest proportionally more SP resources at mating and (ii) females perceiving high density as signalling abundant potential mates, leading to a higher sexual receptivity threshold. Thus, by influencing the mating frequencies of both sexes, as well as the quantity of seminal proteins produced by males and received by females, the developmental environment is likely to have far‐reaching and sex‐specific consequences for sexual selection and sexual conflict.
Sex Differences in Homicidal Fantasies among Finnish University Students

Homicidal behavior is sex-linked. But research comparing male and female homicidal fantasies is sparse even though there is a potential link between fantasies and behavior. The aim of this study was to examine the frequency and contents of homicidal fantasies (targets, triggers, instruments, and emotional reactions) and their relation to substance abuse among 617 Finnish university students (mean age 24.2 years) contingent on gender. Sixty seven percent (n = 413) of respondents reported that they had experienced generally non-substance abuse-dependent homicidal fantasies during their lifetime. Males reported homicidal fantasies more frequently than females. Male fantasies involved the use of a weapon or tool and their fantasies frequently targeted a stranger, an acquaintance, or a public figure whereas female fantasies targeted intimate relationships such as family members or partners. Females reacted with negative emotions to their own homicidal fantasies but males lacked emotional response. Results suggest that homicidal fantasies are sexlinked.
The Impact of Culture and Identity on Emotional Reactions to Insults

People from honor cultures show heightened emotional responses to insults to their social image. The current research investigates whether people from honor cultures also show heightened protection of social identities. We find that honor concerns may be embedded in some social identities but not others, and that those identities associated with honor concerns are defended more than identities not associated with honor. Three experiments investigated participants’ emotional responses to insults to their ethnic or student identity. Results showed that compared with dignity culture (British) participants, participants from an honor culture (Arab) reported stronger anger responses both across and within cultures when their Arab identity, an identity explicitly linked to honor concerns, was insulted. In contrast, responses did not differ between dignity (American) and honor (Arab) cultures when participants received an insult to their student identity, a non-honor-oriented identity. These findings suggest that overarching cultural values are not applied to all identities, and therefore, that cultural variables influence psychological outcomes differently for different identities.
Growth and metastasis of tumor cells isolated from a human renal cell carcinoma implanted into different organs of nude mice.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the methods for isolating tumor cells from a human renal cell carcinoma (HRCC) influence the biological behavior of the cancer cells. Renal cell carcinoma obtained from a surgical specimen was dissociated by enzymatic treatment and cells were plated into culture dishes or injected s.c. into the kidney of BALB/c nude mice. The resultant kidney tumor produced liver metastasis and ascites. All tumors growing in nude mice (s.c., kidney, liver, ascites) were also established in culture. The human origin of all five lines was ascertained by karyotypic and isoenzyme analyses. Cells from all lines were injected, s.c. , i.p., i.v. , intrasplenically, and beneath the renal capsule of nude mice. All the lines were tumorigenic after s.c. or renal subcapsule injection, although the rate of tumor growth varied among the five lines. The metastatic behavior of the HRCC cells was influenced by both the nature of the tumor cells and the route of injection into nude mice. In general, cells derived from the liver metastasis produced more metastases in nude mice than other lines. The lines established in culture from the primary HRCC and the ascites were poorly metastatic. Even with highly metastatic cells, i.v. injection did not yield significant metastasis, but the injection of cells into the renal subcapsule resulted in extensive metastasis to the lungs and in all peritoneal organs. These results indicate that nude mice can be used for the isolation of populations of HRCC cells with different growth and metastatic potential and that, of the organ sites tested, the renal subcapsule is the most advantageous site for implantation of HRCC cells.
Ca2+/Calmodulin Disrupts AKAP79/150 Interactions with KCNQ (M-Type) K+ Channels

M-type channels are localized to neuronal, cardiovascular, and epithelial tissues, where they play critical roles in control of excitability and K+ transport, and are regulated by numerous receptors via Gq/11-mediated signals. One pathway shown for KCNQ2 and muscarinic receptors uses PKC, recruited to the channels by A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP)79/150. As M-type channels can be variously composed of KCNQ1-5 subunits, and M current is known to be regulated by Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM) and PIP2, we probed the generality of AKAP79/150 actions among KCNQ1-5 channels, and the influence of Ca2+/CaM and PIP2 on AKAP79/150 actions. We first examined which KCNQ subunits are targeted by AKAP79 in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells heterologously expressing KCNQ1-5 subunits and AKAP79, using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) under total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy, and patch-clamp analysis. Donor-dequenching FRET between CFP-tagged KCNQ1-5 and YFP-tagged AKAP79 revealed association of KCNQ2-5, but not KCNQ1, with AKAP79. In parallel with these results, CHO cells stably expressing M1 receptors studied under perforated patch-clamp showed cotransfection of AKAP79 to “sensitize” KCNQ2/3 heteromers and KCNQ2-5, but not KCNQ1, homomers to muscarinic inhibition, manifested by shifts in the dose–response relations to lower concentrations. The effect on KCNQ4 was abolished by the T553A mutation of the putative PKC phosphorylation site. We then probed the role of CaM and PIP2 in these AKAP79 actions. TIRF/FRET experiments revealed cotransfection of wild-type, but not dominant-negative (DN), CaM that cannot bind Ca2+, to disrupt the interaction of YFP-tagged AKAP791-153 with CFP-tagged KCNQ2-5. Tonic depletion of PIP2 by cotransfection of a PIP2 phosphatase had no effect, and sudden depletion of PIP2 did not delocalize GFP-tagged AKAP79 from the membrane. Finally, patch-clamp experiments showed cotransfection of wild-type, but not DN, CaM to prevent the AKAP79-mediated sensitization of KCNQ2/3 heteromers to muscarinic inhibition. Thus, AKAP79 acts on KCNQ2-5, but not KCNQ1-containing channels, with effects disrupted by calcified CaM, but not by PIP2 depletion.
2 Problem I : Hypotheses testing

In the paper, we focus primarily on the problem of recovering a linear form g x of unknown “signal” x known to belong to a given convex compact set X ⊂ R from N independent realizations of a random variable ι taking values in a finite set, the distribution p of ι being affinely parameterized by x: p = Ax + b. With no additional assumptions on X and A, we develop minimax optimal, within an absolute constant factor, and computationally efficient estimation routine. We then apply this routine to recovering x itself in the Euclidean norm.
Further results on the observability in magneto-inertial navigation

This paper shows that one can relax an important assumption usually formulated to employ the magneto-inertial navigation (MINAV) technique. This technique, which allows to reconstruct the velocity of a rigid body moving in a magnetically disturbed area, usually assumes that the (unknown) Jacobian of the magnetic field is everywhere non-singular. As it is here demonstrated, this assumption can be significantly alleviated thanks to further investigations on the observability of the dynamics at stake. Corresponding relaxed assumptions require rotations to sufficiently come into play during the motion one wishes to estimate the velocity of. This result opens new perspectives on the range of applicability of the MINAV technique.
A pattern recognition approach to voiced-unvoiced-silence classification with applications to speech recognition

In speech analysis, the voiced-unvoiced decision is usually performed in conjunction with pitch analysis. The linking of voiced-unvoiced (V-UV) decision to pitch analysis not only results in unnecessary complexity, but makes it difficult to classify short speech segments which are less than a few pitch periods in duration. In this paper, we describe a pattern recognition approach for deciding whether a given segment of a speech signal should be classified as voiced speech, unvoiced speech, or silence, based on measurements made on the signal. In this method, five different measurements are made on the speech segment to be classified. The measured parameters are the zero-crossing rate, the speech energy, the correlation between adjacent speech samples, the first predictor coefficient from a 12-pole linear predictive coding (LPC) analysis, and the energy in the prediction error. The speech segment is assigned to a particular class based on a minimum-distance rule obtained under the assumption that the measured parameters are distributed according to the multidimensional Gaussian probability density function. The means and covariances for the Gaussian distribution are determined from manually classified speech data included in a training set. The method has been found to provide reliable classification with speech segments as short as 10 ms and has been used for both speech analysis-synthesis and recognition applications. A simple nonlinear smoothing algorithm is described to provide a smooth 3-level contour of an utterance for use in speech recognition applications. Quantitative results and several examples illustrating the performance of the method are included in the paper.
The Digital Divide and What to Do About It

In a society where knowledge-intensive activities are an increasingly important component of the economy, the distribution of knowledge across the population is increasingly linked to stratification. Much attention among both academic researchers and in policy circles has been paid to what segments of the population have access to the Internet or are Internet users. Although the medium has seen high rates of diffusion, its spread has been unequal both within and across nations. In this chapter, I look at (a) individual-level inequality in Internet access and use in the United States, (b) cross-national variation in connectedness, and (c) inequality from the side of content producers in gaining audiences for their material online. Outline
Algorithms for Büchi Games

The classical algorithm for solving B\"uchi games requires time $O(n\cdot m)$ for game graphs with $n$ states and $m$ edges. For game graphs with constant outdegree, the best known algorithm has running time $O(n^2/\log n)$. We present two new algorithms for B\"uchi games. First, we give an algorithm that performs at most $O(m)$ more work than the classical algorithm, but runs in time O(n) on infinitely many graphs of constant outdegree on which the classical algorithm requires time $O(n^2)$. Second, we give an algorithm with running time $O(n\cdot m\cdot\log\delta(n)/\log n)$, where $1\le\delta(n)\le n$ is the outdegree of the game graph. Note that this algorithm performs asymptotically better than the classical algorithm if $\delta(n)=O(\log n)$.
The Problem of Voiced Stops in Modern Greek : A Non-Linear Approach

In this paper, I discuss the function of voiced stops in the phonology of Modern Greek, in light of new theories of marginal contrast. I argue that the complex phonetic realizations of voiced stops can best be explained with reference to multiply-linked phonological structures. I propose to enrich the underlying structures available for the representation of Greek segments, so as to include sequences of [+Nasal] and [-Nasal] linked to the same skeletal position. These new representations imply the existence of eight classes of segments, formed by single and multiple combinations of features and skeletal slots. Six of these combinations are demonstrated to exist in Greek, and the other two are shown to be excluded by universal constraints. On the basis of these configurations, predictions are made about the possible range of dialectal variations in the treatment of voiced stops. All the predicted treatments are shown to exist in the various Greek dialects.
A Multi-tenant Level Lightweight Lock Mechanism for Multi-tenant Database

For SaaS applications, tenants usually share a sparse table, and the lock is used to ensure concurrency control. With the development of the hardware upgrade, lock management is increasingly becoming a performance bottleneck. Traditional lock manager does not practical to multi-tenant database because of high concurrency. This paper discusses the provision of a new method - MLLL which is based on sparse table storage model. The method avoids appearing conflict technique among users and almost all of the overhead associated with traditional association lock manager.
An Event-Ontology-Based Approach to Constructing Episodic Knowledge from Unstructured Text Documents

Document summarization is an important function for knowledge management when a digital library of text documents grows. It allows documents to be presented in a concise manner for easy reading and understanding. Traditionally, document summarization adopts sentence-based mechanisms that identify and extract key sentences from long documents and assemble them together. Although that approach is useful in providing an abstract of documents, it cannot extract the relationship or sequence of a set of related events (also called episodes). This paper proposes an event-oriented ontology approach to constructing episodic knowledge to facilitate the understanding of documents. We also empirically evaluated the proposed approach by using instruments developed based on Bloom’s Taxonomy. The result reveals that the approach based on proposed event-oriented ontology outperformed the traditional text summarization approach in capturing conceptual and procedural knowledge, but the latter was still better in delivering factual knowledge .
Effect of celebrity endorsement in marketing of musicals: Poster versus social networking site

We investigated the effect of the message sender, communication type, and recipient’s involvement in the marketing of a musical show. This study had a 2 (sender: celebrity vs. noncelebrity) × 2 (communication type: poster advertisement vs. Twitter word-of-mouth [WOM]) × 2 (recipient involvement: high vs. low) design. Data were collected from 259 Korean university students. Results showed that a celebrity poster advertisement had a more positive effect on consumer attitude than did a noncelebrity poster advertisement. In contrast, with Twitter WOM, the noncelebrity message sender was more effective in eliciting a positive response from consumers. The interaction of sender, communication type, and recipient involvement for musical ticket purchase intention was significant. Our findings will help marketers strategically allocate resources, as the effect of celebrity endorsement differed according to communication type and recipient characteristics. Specifically, in the social networking site promotion condition, the similarity or social connection between the message sender and recipient was more influential than was the power of a celebrity to attract consumers.
Nutritional Characterization of Shoots and Other Edible Products of an Edible Bamboo - Dendrocalamus hamiltonii

Dendrocalamus hamiltonii is a locally available variety of multipurpose bamboo which is mainly cultivated as wood substitute, fodder and edible shoots used for making pickles. As this is a predominant species of bamboo popular with the masses, therefore, an effort was made to evaluate its shoots for quality parameters. Results showed that it contained 91.06 % moisture, 0.81% ash, 0.29% fat and 1.50% fiber. Edible bamboo shoots need to be processed and utilized immediately due to their seasonal availability and short shelf life. Some edible products such as preserve, candy, chutney, nuggets, cracker (papad) and chukh were prepared which were then analyzed for nutritional and organoleptic evaluation. The results revealed that prepared formulations were nutritionally rich and acceptable by sensory scores. Such an activities are bound to provide livelihood opportunities to the local population thereby, exploring the value of bamboo resource as underutilized health food.
Technology Open Learning And Distance Education Routledge Studies In Distance Education

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A new active speed stall control compared to pitch control for a direct-drive wind turbine

The objective of this paper is to assess 10 MW directdrive permanent-magnet (DDPM) generator systems with different control strategies namely pitch control and active speed stall control. In the active speed stall control concept, there is no pitch mechanism, and the rotor speed is actively controlled by the generator to control the output power. The active speed stall control wind turbine with the DDPM generator system may be an attractive concept especially for offshore. This turbine has high potential because the wear, the maintenance and the failures of the pitch mechanism and the gearbox are omitted. The different DDPM generator systems are designed roughly, and the dimensions, weights, cost and performance of the systems are compared. To enable the active speed stall control concept, it is necessary to increase the weight and cost of generator system compared to the pitch control concept.