Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Random recursive triangulations of the disk via fragmentation theory

We introduce and study an infinite random triangulation of the unit disk that arises as the limit of several recursive models. This triangulation is generated by throwing chords uniformly at random in the unit disk and keeping only those chords that do not intersect the previous ones. After throwing infinitely many chords and taking the closure of the resulting set, one gets a random compact subset of the unit disk whose complement is a countable union of triangles. We show that this limiting random set has Hausdorff dimension $\beta^*+1$, where $\beta^*=(\sqrt{17}-3)/2$, and that it can be described as the geodesic lamination coded by a random continuous function which is H\"{o}lder continuous with exponent $\beta^*-\varepsilon$, for every $\varepsilon>0$. We also discuss recursive constructions of triangulations of the $n$-gon that give rise to the same continuous limit when $n$ tends to infinity.
Improved current control technique for VSI PWM inverters with constant modulation frequency and extended voltage range

A hysteresis control method for three-phase, current-controlled, PWM voltage-source-inverters (VSIs) is presented. The inverters are characterized by constant switching frequency. The method is based on a phase-interference minimization technique presented by the authors previously (1987) but avoids the need to know the load parameters. It minimizes the commutation losses and current ripple, while allowing maximum output AC voltage to be obtained from the inverter. The method exhibits all the favorable characteristics of hysteresis controls: fast response, good accuracy, and robustness. <<ETX>>
Cooperative shared resource access control for low-power chip multiprocessors

In a single-chip multiprocessor (CMP), the last-level cache and its lower memory hierarchy components are typically shared by multiple processors. Conflicts in these resources lead to poor overall performance of the CMP and/or unpredictable performance of the individual cores. If applications on different cores have different performance constraints, even though these constraints can be satisfied by dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) control of each core, conflicts in shared resources will lead to increased power consumption. Therefore, in the present paper, we derive a condition whereby, under resource conflicts, the total power consumption is minimized by a newly developed power consumption model and propose a method by which to minimize the power consumption of CMPs by cooperative access control of multiple shared resources and DVFS control. Experimental results reveal that the proposed technique can reduce power consumption by 15% on average in a dual-core CMP and by 13% in a quad-core CMP, as compared to the case in which only DVFS control is applied.
Screening of 134 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) Previously Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Replicates Association With 12 SNPs in Nine Genes

More than 120 published reports have described associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and type 2 diabetes. However, multiple studies of the same variant have often been discordant. From a literature search, we identified previously reported type 2 diabetes–associated SNPs. We initially genotyped 134 SNPs on 786 index case subjects from type 2 diabetes families and 617 control subjects with normal glucose tolerance from Finland and excluded from analysis 20 SNPs in strong linkage disequilibrium (r2 > 0.8) with another typed SNP. Of the 114 SNPs examined, we followed up the 20 most significant SNPs (P < 0.10) on an additional 384 case subjects and 366 control subjects from a population-based study in Finland. In the combined data, we replicated association (P < 0.05) for 12 SNPs: PPARG Pro12Ala and His447, KCNJ11 Glu23Lys and rs5210, TNF −857, SLC2A2 Ile110Thr, HNF1A/TCF1 rs2701175 and GE117881_360, PCK1 −232, NEUROD1 Thr45Ala, IL6 −598, and ENPP1 Lys121Gln. The replication of 12 SNPs of 114 tested was significantly greater than expected by chance under the null hypothesis of no association (P = 0.012). We observed that SNPs from genes that had three or more previous reports of association were significantly more likely to be replicated in our sample (P = 0.03), although we also replicated 4 of 58 SNPs from genes that had only one previous report of association.
The Research on Broadcast Television User Dividing Groups Technology Based on Concept Data Clustering Ensemble

Aiming to meet the demand of intellectual delivery business, this paper puts forward Broadcast Television user dividing groups technology based on concept data clustering ensemble. Firstly, by Glass data, Blance data and Zoo data in UCI, the paper verify that concept data clustering ensemble technique based on K-MODES method can get more stable and more accurate results than K-MEANS method. Secondly, we calculate the audiences' viewing preferences according to the ratings data, and get the multiple classification results by K-MEANS Clustering method. We take the clustering group as a concept data set, transform the problem of consensus function in clustering ensemble to a common clustering problem, and apply the concept data clustering algorithm to get a unified clustering result, so as to achieve Broadcast Television user dividing groups.
Methane emissions from western Siberian wetlands: heterogeneity and sensitivity to climate change

The prediction of methane emissions from high-latitude wetlands is important given concerns about their sensitivity to a warming climate. As a basis for the prediction of wetland methane emissions at regional scales, we coupled the variable infiltration capacity macroscale hydrological model (VIC) with the biosphere–energy-transfer–hydrology terrestrial ecosystem model (BETHY) and a wetland methane emissions model to make large-scale estimates of methane emissions as a function of soil temperature, water table depth, and net primary productivity (NPP), with a parameterization of the sub-grid heterogeneity of the water table depth based on TOPMODEL. We simulated the methane emissions from a 100 km × 100 km region of western Siberia surrounding the Bakchar Bog, for a retrospective baseline period of 1980–1999 and have evaluated their sensitivity to increases in temperature of 0–5 °C and increases in precipitation of 0–15%. The interactions of temperature and precipitation, through their effects on the water table depth, played an important role in determining methane emissions from these wetlands. The balance between these effects varied spatially, and their net effect depended in part on sub-grid topographic heterogeneity. Higher temperatures alone increased methane production in saturated areas, but caused those saturated areas to shrink in extent, resulting in a net reduction in methane emissions. Higher precipitation alone raised water tables and expanded the saturated area, resulting in a net increase in methane emissions. Combining a temperature increase of 3 °C and an increase of 10% in precipitation to represent climate conditions that may pertain in western Siberia at the end of this century resulted in roughly a doubling in annual emissions.
Tame Expansions of ω-Stable Theories and Definable Groups

We study groups deﬁnable in tame expansions of ω -stable theories. Assuming several tameness conditions, we obtain structural theorems for groups deﬁnable and groups interpretable in these expansions. As our main example, by characterizing independence in the pair ( K, G ) where K is an algebraically closed ﬁeld and G is a multiplicative subgroup of K × with the Mann property, we show the pair ( K, G ) satisﬁes the assumptions. In particular, this provides a characterization of deﬁnable and interpretable groups in ( K, G ) in terms of algebraic groups in K and interpretable groups in G . Furthermore, Morley rank and U-rank are computed in ( K, G ) and both ranks agree.
The Early Worm Catches the Bird? Productivity and Patterns of Trichobilharzia szidati Cercarial Emission from Lymnaea stagnalis

Digenean trematodes are common and abundant in aquatic habitats and their free-living larvae, the cercariae, have recently been recognized as important components of ecosystems in terms of comprising a significant proportion of biomass and in having a potentially strong influence on food web dynamics. One strategy to enhance their transmission success is to produce high numbers of cercariae which are available during the activity peak of the next host. In laboratory experiments with 13 Lymnaea stagnalis snails infected with Trichobilharzia szidati the average daily emergence rate per snail was determined as 2,621 cercariae, with a maximum of 29,560. During a snail’s lifetime this summed up to a mass equivalent of or even exceeding the snail’s own body mass. Extrapolated for the eutrophic pond where the snails were collected, annual T. szidati biomass may reach 4.65 tons, a value equivalent to a large Asian elephant. Emission peaks were observed after the onset of illumination, indicating emission synchronizing with the high morning activities of the definitive hosts, ducks. However, high cercarial emission is possible throughout the day under favorable lightning conditions. Therefore, although bird schistosomes, such as T. szidati constitute only a fraction of the diverse trematode communities in the studied aquatic ecosystem, their cercariae can still pose a considerable risk for humans of getting cercarial dermatitis (swimmer's itch) due to the high number of cercariae emitted from infected snails.
Parallel distributed processing: explorations in the microstructure of cognition, vol. 1: foundations

The fundamental principles, basic mechanisms, and formal analyses involved in the development of parallel distributed processing (PDP) systems are presented in individual chapters contributed by leading experts. Topics examined include distributed representations, PDP models and general issues in cognitive science, feature discovery by competitive learning, the foundations of harmony theory, learning and relearning in Boltzmann machines, and learning internal representations by error propagation. Consideration is given to linear algebra in PDP, the logic of additive functions, resource requirements of standard and programmable nets, and the P3 parallel-network simulating system.
Esclerosis múltiple y fatiga

Fatigue is a frequent symptom in multiple sclerosis, known since the first descriptions of the disease, and it has been the object of special interest in recent years due to the great influence it has on the quality of life of those suffering from the disease. The fatigue of multiple sclerosis has clinical characteristics that differentiate it from the fatigue of other systemic diseases. At the same time, it is highly variable between patients and a clear distinction can be made between three types: astenia, fatigability and the worsening of symptoms with exercise. The physiopathological bases are not fully established, but there is data indicating that astenia is related to immunoactivation and evidence of the relation of fatigability to alterations of the pyramidal tract. Another point of interest in the study of fatigue is how to objetivise and quantify it, as well as the neurophysiological techniques for its evaluation and the measurement scales most frequently employed. The paper also sets out the principal therapeutic tests and considers the relative efficacy of aminopyridine and amantadine in alleviating it.
Using Sparse Capabilities in a Distributed Operating System

A distributed operating system, Amoeba, that includes capabilities for naming and protecting objects is reported. In contrast to traditional centralized operating systems, in which capabilities are managed by the operating system kernel, in Amoeba all the capabilities are managed directly by user code. To prevent tampering, the capabilities are protected cryptographically. A variety of the issues involved is outlined, and four different ways of dealing with access rights are presented.
Leadership, job crafting, and employee health and performance

The purpose of this paper is to integrate the effects of top-down leadership and employees’ bottom-up job crafting behaviors on employee health and performance. The authors expected that employees’ promotion- and prevention-focused job crafting act as intervening mechanisms linking top-down employee-oriented leadership with employee health and performance. ,Multi-source data were collected among n=117 independent employee-leader dyads. ,Promotion-focused job crafting was positively and prevention-focused job crafting was negatively related to employees’ health and performance. Employee-oriented leadership was positively related to promotion-focused job crafting but unrelated to prevention-focused job crafting. Employee-oriented leadership was indirectly related to health and performance through promotion-focused job crafting. Moreover, promotion-focused job crafting had the strongest positive impact on adaptive performance, followed by proactive and then task performance, while prevention-focused job crafting had the strongest negative impact on task performance followed by proactive and then adaptive performance. ,Despite the cross-sectional study design, results reveal how employee-oriented leadership is related to employee health and performance through promotion-focused job crafting. ,Organizations need employee-oriented leaders, who facilitate promotion-focused job crafting, which helps employees to perform well while staying well. ,This study adds to the literatures on job crafting, leadership, and employee health and performance by explicating intervening processes in these relationships. It adds to research on the extended job demands-resources job crafting model by showing, that promotion- and prevention-focused job crafting has different relationships with antecedents (i.e. leadership) and outcomes (i.e. health and performance).
Cognitive Hacking: A Battle for the Mind

On 25 August 2000, stockholders were stunned by news that server and storage provider Emulex was revising its earnings from a per-share gain to a loss, while lowering its reported net earnings from the previous quarter as well. Within minutes, Emulex shares plummeted. Yet none of this news fostered by a hacker's bogus press release - was true. The Emulex case illustrates the speed, scale, and subtlety with which networked information can propagate and how quickly severe consequences can occur. This rapid dissemination, which makes such cognitive hacking possible, is forcing security researchers to look at yet another class of countermeasures - a class far different from solutions that seek to secure technology and network infrastructure.
Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium frederiksbergense Strains Isolated from Alfalfa Plants against Antibacterial Compounds

Mycobacteria constitute vast population of bacteria that are found in animals, plants and outer environments. Tuberculosis mycobacteria are a group that causes very dangerous diseases for human and animals. Nontuberculous mycobacteria are mainly environmental and are pathogenic in certain circumstances. There are reports of finding mycobacteria in plant tissues, which can be effective to survey in case of different infectious disease issues. In a previous study, we found mycobacteria strains in alfalfa vascular tissues and identified them to species level using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, causing some symptoms in plant tissues and aerial parts. As these rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) have the potential to cause opportunistic infections in human tissues, one of the most important issues for dealing with these agents is to find the best and most effective drug to treat them. Here, we conducted some assays to investigate the MIC of 7 antibiotics and two antibacterial agents against eight Mycobacterium frederiksbergense alfalfa isolated strains, in order to find the susceptible and resistant ones. We performed susceptibility testing based on broth microdilution method using Mueller hinton broth as the medium used. Results were different among the strains and different resistant and susceptible reactions were observed among different strains against each drug tested, but ethambutol resulted in similar high MIC for all of them. This variability could be attributed to many factors, such as plant tissue composition and developmental stage from which the strains have been isolated, existence and nature of drug targets and other factors such as test conditions and environmental causes. These results can bring us some insights into design and develop new drugs for treating these kinds of organisms, based on the variations in susceptibility reactions and the plant composition effect on them.
Goal oriented modeling for intelligent software agents

Agents are goal oriented, autonomous, adaptive, and cooperative. Goal orientation is an increasingly recognized paradigm for agent modeling and development. In This work, we present Goal Net, a goal-oriented modeling method to model the goals of an agent and to model agent coordination in a multiagent environment. Goal Net also serves as a practical methodology for engineering agent oriented software systems.
Reducing cache coherence traffic with hierarchical directory cache and NUMA-aware runtime scheduling

Cache Coherent NUMA (ccNUMA) architectures are a widespread paradigm due to the benefits they provide for scaling core count and memory capacity. Also, the flat memory address space they offer considerably improves programmability. However, ccNUMA architectures require sophisticated and expensive cache coherence protocols to enforce correctness during parallel executions, which trigger a significant amount of on- and off-chip traffic in the system. This paper analyses how coherence traffic may be best constrained in a large, real ccNUMA platform through the use of a joint hardware/software approach. For several benchmarks, we study coherence traffic in detail under the influence of an added hierarchical cache layer in the directory protocol combined with runtime managed NUMA-aware scheduling and data allocation techniques to make most efficient use of the added hardware. The effectiveness of this joint approach is demonstrated by speedups of 1.23× to 2.54× and coherence traffic reductions between 44% and 77% in comparison to NUMA-oblivious scheduling and data allocation. Furthermore, we show that the NUMA-aware techniques we employ at the runtime level are crucial to ensure the added hierarchical layer in the directory coherence protocol does not introduce significant coherence traffic to the system.
Exports and Manufacturing Productivity in East Asia: A Comparative Analysis with Firm-Level Data

This paper uses new firm level data from five East Asian countries to explore the patterns of manufacturing productivity across the region. One of the striking patterns that emerges is how the extent of openness and the competitiveness of markets affects the relative productivity of firms across the region. Firms with foreign ownership and firms that export are significantly more productive, and the productivity gap is larger the less developed is the local market. We exploit the rich set of firm characteristics available in the database to explore the sources of export firms' greater productivity. We argue that it is in aiming for export markets that firms make decisions that raise productivity. It is not simply that more-productive firms self-select into exporting; rather, firms that explicitly target export markets consistently make different decisions regarding investment, training, technology and the selection of inputs, and thus raise their productivity.
Towards policies for climate change mitigation: Incentives and benefits for smallholder farmers

This report benefited greatly from comments received from and conversations held with an extensive group of practitioners, policy makers and experts. Special thanks go This Report is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution– NonCommercial–NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. This publication may be freely quoted and reproduced provided the source is acknowledged. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purposes. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and not of the CGIAR, the ESSP or their funders. This report has been peer-reviewed.
The Cognitive Process Underlying Users ’ Augmentation of the Environment , and How to Harness It for Ubiquitous Computing

For ubiquitous computing to spread, users should be able to easily augment their cognitive environments using tags, sensors etc. However, very little is known about the psychological processes that drive such augmentation. We have developed a model of this process, and report two experiments where participants readily added 'cognitively congenial' structures to the environment for agents similar to themselves, but had difficulty when the agents were dissimilar from themselves. Our model, based on the 'simulation heuristic', explains this result, and suggests that applications like Assisted Cognition and RFID-based Robotics require interfaces that support users' mental simulation of agents and tasks.
Sustainable Development of Cognitive Science and Technology Ecosystem; an Overview to the “Human Brain Project” as a Functioning Sample

This editorial has the objective to do the analogy between ecosystem distributing and science developing for extracting objective measurement items in order to find out how cognitive science and technologies (CST) can build added value for developing country economy. Therefore, we are proposing natural ecosystem analogy in (CST) developing model. By means of this approach we are intrinsically being able to find a measuring factors to reach healthy ecosystem. We are analyzing evidences from developing and business models based on our proposal and the human brain project (HBP) as one of the main large-scale project of European Union in knowledge developing strategy is mapped to our novel landscape.
Performative Progressiveness: Accounting for New Forms of Inequality in the Gayborhood

Attitudes toward homosexuality have liberalized considerably, but these positive public opinions conceal the persistence of prejudice at an interpersonal level. We use interviews with heterosexual residents of Chicago gayborhoods—urban districts that offer ample opportunities for contact and thus precisely the setting in which we would least expect bias to appear—to analyze this new form of inequality. Our findings show four strategies that liberal–minded straights use to manage the dilemmas they experience when they encounter their gay and lesbian neighbors on the streets: spatial entitlements, rhetorical moves, political absolution, and affect. Each expression captures the empirical variability of performative progressiveness, a concept that describes the co–occurrence of progressive attitudes alongside homonegative actions. Our analyses have implications more broadly for how conflicting visions of diversity affect placemaking efforts; how residents with power and privilege redefine cultural enclaves in the city; and the mechanisms that undermine equality in a climate of increasing acceptance.