Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The roles of microtubule-based motor proteins in mitosis

Kinesins and dyneins play important roles during cell division. Using RNA interference (RNAi) to deplete individual (or combinations of) motors followed by immunofluorescence and time-lapse microscopy, we have examined the mitotic functions of cytoplasmic dynein and all 25 kinesins in Drosophila S2 cells. We show that four kinesins are involved in bipolar spindle assembly, four kinesins are involved in metaphase chromosome alignment, dynein plays a role in the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, and one kinesin is needed for cytokinesis. Functional redundancy and alternative pathways for completing mitosis were observed for many single RNAi knockdowns, and failure to complete mitosis was observed for only three kinesins. As an example, inhibition of two microtubule-depolymerizing kinesins initially produced monopolar spindles with abnormally long microtubules, but cells eventually formed bipolar spindles by an acentrosomal pole-focusing mechanism. From our phenotypic data, we construct a model for the distinct roles of molecular motors during mitosis in a single metazoan cell type.
Early Transcriptome Response of Lactococcus lactis to Environmental Stresses Reveals Differentially Expressed Small Regulatory RNAs and tRNAs

Bacteria can deploy various mechanisms to combat environmental stresses. Many genes have previously been identified in Lactococcus lactis that are involved in sensing the stressors and those that are involved in regulating and mounting a defense against the stressful conditions. However, the expression of small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) during industrially relevant stress conditions has not been assessed yet in L. lactis, while sRNAs have been shown to be involved in many stress responses in other bacteria. We have previously reported the presence of hundreds of putative regulatory RNAs in L. lactis, and have used high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in this study to assess their expression under six different stress conditions. The uniformly designed experimental set-up enabled a highly reliable comparison between the different stress responses and revealed that many sRNAs are differentially expressed under the conditions applied. The primary stress responses of L. lactis NCDO712 was benchmarked to earlier work and, for the first time, the differential expression was assessed of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and the genes from the six recently sequenced plasmids of NCDO712. Although, we only applied stresses for 5 min, the majority of the well-known specific stress-induced genes are already differentially expressed. We find that most tRNAs decrease after all stresses applied, except for a small number, which are increased upon cold stress. Starvation was shown to induce the highest differential response, both in terms of number and expression level of genes. Our data pinpoints many novel stress-related uncharacterized genes and sRNAs, which calls for further assessment of their molecular and cellular function. These insights furthermore could impact the way parameters are designed for bacterial culture production and milk fermentation, as we find that very short stress conditions already greatly alter gene expression.
Research Progress of Moyamoya Disease in Children

During the onset of Moyamoya disease (MMD), progressive occlusion occurs at the end of the intracranial internal carotid artery, and compensatory net-like abnormal vessels develop in the skull base, generating the corresponding clinical symptoms. MMD can affect both children and adults, but MMD in pediatric patients exhibits distinct clinical features, and the treatment prognoses are different from adult patients. Children are the group at highest risk for MMD. In children, the disease mainly manifests as ischemia, while bleeding is the primary symptom in adults. The pathogenesis of MMD in children is still unknown, and some factors are distinct from those in adults. MMD in children could result in progressive, irreversible nerve functional impairment, and an earlier the onset corresponds to a worse prognosis. Therefore, active treatment at an early stage is highly recommended. The treatment methods for MMD in children mainly include indirect and direct surgeries. Indirect surgeries mainly include multiple burr-hole surgery (MBHS), encephalomyosynangiosis (EMS), and encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS); direct surgeries mainly include intra- and extracranial vascular reconstructions that primarily consist of superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomosis. Indirect surgery, as a treatment for MMD in children, has shown a certain level of efficacy. However, a standard treatment approach should combine both indirect and direct procedures. Compared to MMD in adults, the treatment and prognosis of MMD in children has higher clinical significance. If the treatment is adequate, a satisfactory outcome is often achieved.
Book Reviews : Cynthia Hardy in collaboration with Roberto Costa Fachin: Managing Strategy in Academic Institutions: Learning From Brazil 1990, Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter. 293 pages

taken care of, not because of the existence of other power groups such as large subsidiaries. The problem is primarily presented as analytical and a question of design, rather than a political problem. Some authors touch upon the political aspects, e.g. HAkansson in his analysis of R&D in Swedish multi-nationals. Kogut, in particular, seems to be more unconditional on this point. His discussion about the possibility of entropic decline in global firms is something of a relief and should have inspired some of the other authors. After all, a book about management does not always have to imply that the headquarters is the only player in the organization.
The December 3, 1999, Fire in Worcester, Massachusetts, and the Comparative Study of Disaster

Case material in the form of vignette, anecdote, andstory iscrucial tothe understanding of disaster and toresponding topeople who are suffering. The comparativestudy of case material gathered from widely differing disasters helps in the correction of overgeneralizations in theory, method, treatment plan, and policy making. This article explores the corrective process through examples drawn largely from the Worcester, Massachusetts, fireof1999 and theOklahoma City bombing of 1995.
Limited variability in upper thermal tolerance among pure and hybrid populations of a cold-water fish

To forecast the impact of climate warming on cold-water fishes, thermal tolerance trials were conducted on six populations of brook trout from Cape Race, Newfoundland, Canada. Of these, three were outcrossed to assess the effect of hybridization. Although differences were found, there was little variation among populations in how they responded to thermal stress.
Dowty’s aspectual tests: standing the test of time but failing the test of aspect

Abstract To test situation aspect (lexical aspect, aktionsart), especially telicity, and/or to classify situations into Vendlerian classes (states, activities, accomplishments, and achievements), aspectual literature has been standardly relying on Dowty’s (1979) diagnostic tests. These are of three kinds – lexical co-occurrence, grammatical co-occurrence and logical entailment tests. This paper points out problems associated with implementing the tests. It argues that Dowty’s tests can give false results, mainly due to two factors. First, some of the tests are based on volition rather than aspectual features. Second, upon reviewing the various workings of the phenomenon of aspect shift and coercion, I show how it can affect the results of Dowty’s tests. Coupled with the fact that some of the tests are not applicable to some Vendlerian classes and with the problem of varying judgments among native speakers, Dowty’s tests for Vendler classes are far from being watertight. Awareness of these problems is imperative when testing situation aspect.
Supercapacitor energy storage system for attenuating and conditioning power from photovoltaic generation plants

The disadvantages resulting from changes in energy production of photovoltaic generation plants, justify the search for power injection systems capable of damping them. In this project, an injection system capable of storing energy necessary to moderate the fluctuations in the generated power is presented. We explore the performance and control of the energy storage system built with supercapacitors, which are charged and discharged through a bidirectional DC-DC converter connected between the photovoltaic cells and the inverter.
Reducing affliction using paternity bearing and addiction of digital gadgets by classification algorithm

Nowadays, stress is a major issue for juvenile. Stress means, the changes in human behavior or physical behavior. For juvenile stress can turns on biological, chemical and hormonal changes. In this paper, the stress of juvenile can be predicted according to the paternity behavior. Due to digitalized world everybody is in need of digital gadgets like Play station, Tablet, Smart Phones and many gaming devices. The stress of teens is measured due to more usage of Digital gadgets. Bayesian classification is a effective method for prediction, it gives more efficiency than other algorithms in computing. The model is developed by supervised learning methodology. The possibility of stress is more for a juvenile, it leads to severe depression, addiction to drugs or committing suicides, effecting physical health, effecting academic output etc. This research paper will target to avoid such complication of teenagers stress. Using the model, stress of each teenager will be predicted and further reference will be provided for counseling or treatment and also increasing parental care to juvenile. Supervised learning methodology is applied for the efficiency of Stress predictor This research papers is a new methodology to predict stress exclusively for teen agers.
The importance of role sending in the sensemaking of change agent roles.

PURPOSE The purpose of this paper is to investigate what happens when a lack of role-sending results in ambiguous change agent roles during a large scale organisational reconfiguration. The authors consider the role of sensemaking in resolving role ambiguity of middle manager change agents and the consequences of this for organisational restructuring. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH Data were collected from a case study analysis of significant organisational reconfiguration across a local National Health Service Trust in the UK. Data consists of 82 interviews, complemented by analysis of over 100 documents and field notes from 51 hours of observations collected over five phases covering a three year period before, during and after the reconfiguration. An inductive qualitative analysis revealed the sensemaking processes by which ambiguity in role definition was resolved. FINDINGS The data explains how change agents collectively make sense of a role in their own way, drawing on their own experiences and views as well as cues from other organisational members. The authors also identified the organisational outcomes which resulted from this freedom in sensemaking. This study demonstrates that by leaving too much flexibility in the definition of the role, agents developed their own sensemaking which was subsequently very difficult to manipulate. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS In creating new roles, management first needs to have a realistic vision of the task and roles that their agents will perform, and second, to communicate these expectations to both those responsible for recruiting these roles and to the agents themselves. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Much of the focus in sensemaking research has been on the importance of change agents' sensemaking of the change but there has been little focus on how change agents sensemake their own role in the change.
The Historical Ecology of a Complex Landscape in Bolivia

IDEAL STUDIES OF the interface between people and the environment involve collaboration among scholars from diverse backgrounds to understand how complex landscapes came to be over periods ofhundreds, if not thousands, of years. Historical ecological research displays such interdisciplinary underpin nings because it is situated at the interface and overlap of the social sciences, natural sciences, and humanities in the programmatic study of how the typi cally complex interactions of nature and culture have become historical and cultural landscapes. Such diversity is in evidence with regard to the scholars who have contributed to this volume, from archaeology, ethnography, ethno botany, genetics, geography, biology, and ecology. The historical ecology applied in this chapter underscores how to read physical signatures and material patterning, including similarity, disjuncture, and anomaly, embedded in a cultural landscape in the Bolivian Amazon. On heterogeneous landscapes of considerable age, these signatures may form a complex palimpsest, a vertical or horizontal layering or sig natures and patterning etched on the surface of the earth, deep into the soil Dark or above the surface fixed in the layers of vegetation through emergent canopy The multiple scales of study range from microorganisms and soil chemistry (in the case of Amazo nian Dark Earth), stratigraphic profiles ofanthropogenic soil horizons, to rear rangements oflocal hydrology, drainage, and water tables to the structure and physiognomy of the living forest and landscape more generally-that is, to the terrestrial and aquatic plants and animals living below, on, and above the earth's surface (chapters 2, 4, and 6, this volume).
Protein kinase C mediates muscarinic block of intrinsic bursting in rat hippocampal neurons

1 Acetylcholine released from basal forebrain cholinergic fibres suppresses intrinsic bursting in cortical pyramidal cells through activation of muscarinic receptors. The signal transduction pathway mediating this action is not known. We used intracellular recordings from CA1 pyramidal cells in hippocampal slices to investigate the involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) in this cholinergic function. 2 Bath‐applied carbachol (CCh; 5 μM) consistently suppressed intrinsic bursting in an atropine‐sensitive (1 μM) manner. 3 Intrinsic bursting was suppressed by 4β‐phorbol 12,13‐dibutyrate (PDBu; 5‐10 μM), a potent PKC activator, but not by the inactive phorbol ester 4α‐phorbol 12,13‐didecanoate (PDC; 50 μM). Prior application of the PKC inhibitor 1‐(5‐isoquinolinesulfonyl)‐2‐methylpiperazine dihydrochloride (H7; 10 μM) extracellularly or intracellularly prevented the PDBu effect. 4 Pretreatment with H7, but not with the broad‐spectrum kinase inhibitor N‐(2‐guanidino‐ethyl)‐5‐isoquinoline‐sulfonyl hydrochloride (HA1004; 10 μM), prevented the CCh‐induced suppression of bursting. 5 The active component of the spike after‐depolarization (ADP) was reduced by CCh in an atropine‐sensitive manner. This effect was mimicked by PDBu, but not by PDC. It was prevented by pretreatment with H7, but not with HA1004. 6 Blocking most K+ currents with Ca2+‐free, TEA‐containing saline induced large TTX‐sensitive plateau potentials lasting > 150 ms, driven by a persistent Na+ current. These potentials were suppressed by PDBu, but not by PDC. Pretreatment with H7 prevented the PDBu‐induced suppression of the plateau potentials. 7 We conclude that cholinergic suppression of intrinsic bursting in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells is mediated by muscarinic activation of PKC, which down‐regulates the persistent Na+ current underlying slow depolarizing potentials in these neurons.
CARDIOVASCULAR RHYTHMS AND CARDIAC BAROREFLEX SENSITIVITY IN AT1A RECEPTOR GAIN-OF-FUNCTION MUTANT MICE

A mutant mouse expressing a gain-of-function of the AT1A angiotensin II receptor was engineered to study the consequences of a constitutive activation of this receptor on blood pressure (BP). Cardiovascular rhythms and spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) were evaluated using telemetric BP recordings of five transgenic (AT1AMUT) and five wild (AT1AWT) mice. The circadian rhythms were described with the Chronos-Fit program. The gain of the transfer function between systolic BP (SBP) and pulse intervals used to estimate the spontaneous BRS (ms/mmHg) was calculated in the low frequency (0.15–0.60 Hz) band. Transgenic AT1AMUT exhibited higher BP and heart rate (HR) levels compared to controls (SBP AT1AMUT 134.6 ± 5.9 mmHg vs. AT1AWT 110.5 ± 5.9; p < 0.05; HR AT1AMUT 531.0 ± 14.9 vs. AT1AWT 454.8 ± 5.4 beats/min; p = 0.001). Spontaneous BRS was diminished in transgenic mice (AT1AMUT 1.23 ± 0.17 ms/mmHg vs. AT1AWT 1.91 ± 0.18 ms/mmHg; p < 0.05). Motor activity did not differ between groups. These variables exhibited circadian changes, and the differences between the strains were maintained throughout the cycle. The highest values for BP, HR, and locomotor activity were observed at night. Spontaneous BRS varied in the opposite direction, with the lowest gain estimated when BP and HR were elevated (i.e., at night, when the animals were active). It is likely the BP elevation of the mutant mice results from the amplification of the effects of AngII at different sites. Future studies are necessary to explore whether AT1A receptor activation at the central nervous system level effectively contributed to the observed differences. (Author correspondence: jean-luc.elghozi@nck.aphp.fr)
Effects of volleyball match-induced fatigue on knee joint position sense

Abstract It has been suggested that a greater number of injuries during the last third of practice sessions or matches could be related to alteration of lower limb neuromuscular control due to neuromuscular fatigue. This fatigue-related effect can be mediated by changes in joint proprioception. In athletes, the use of functional fatigue protocols could have the advantage of mimicking the demands of sporting activity, thus reflecting more specifically the changes in neuromuscular control and proprioception observed in sport settings. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of fatigue induced by a volleyball match on knee joint position sense in elite volleyball players. Seventeen female volleyball players aged 18.9±4.2 years from the Portuguese national team volunteered for the study. Knee joint position sense was evaluated by an open kinetic chain technique and active knee positioning, and was reported using absolute, relative, and variable angular errors. Joint position sense measures were obtained before and immediately after a simulated volleyball match of five sets. To ensure that the match was sufficiently intense to induce fatigue, the perceived exertion or exercise intensity was assessed at the end of the match using Borg’ s rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale. All participants completed the volleyball match (90min duration), reaching or exceeding 15 on the RPE scale (15.59±0.71; range 15–17), equivalent to “hard/heavy work”. After the volleyball match, a significant increase in absolute (2.11°) and relative (1.71°) angular errors was detected. Match-induced fatigue significantly exacerbated the overestimation of the test position. Moreover, the reliability and accuracy in estimating knee angles decreased from rest to the fatigued state, as shown by the increase (264%) in variable error. Our results show that fatigue induced by a volleyball match has a marked effect on knee joint position sense in elite female volleyball players. Knee joint position sense was less accurate and less consistent after the volleyball match. Fatigue induced by a simulated competitive volleyball match resulted in proprioceptive deficits, decreasing sensorimotor system acuity in female volleyball players.
The prognostic role of a gene signature from tumorigenic breast-cancer cells.

BACKGROUND Breast cancers contain a minority population of cancer cells characterized by CD44 expression but low or undetectable levels of CD24 (CD44+CD24-/low) that have higher tumorigenic capacity than other subtypes of cancer cells. METHODS We compared the gene-expression profile of CD44+CD24-/low tumorigenic breast-cancer cells with that of normal breast epithelium. Differentially expressed genes were used to generate a 186-gene "invasiveness" gene signature (IGS), which was evaluated for its association with overall survival and metastasis-free survival in patients with breast cancer or other types of cancer. RESULTS There was a significant association between the IGS and both overall and metastasis-free survival (P<0.001, for both) in patients with breast cancer, which was independent of established clinical and pathological variables. When combined with the prognostic criteria of the National Institutes of Health, the IGS was used to stratify patients with high-risk early breast cancer into prognostic categories (good or poor); among patients with a good prognosis, the 10-year rate of metastasis-free survival was 81%, and among those with a poor prognosis, it was 57%. The IGS was also associated with the prognosis in medulloblastoma (P=0.004), lung cancer (P=0.03), and prostate cancer (P=0.01). The prognostic power of the IGS was increased when combined with the wound-response (WR) signature. CONCLUSIONS The IGS is strongly associated with metastasis-free survival and overall survival for four different types of tumors. This genetic signature of tumorigenic breast-cancer cells was even more strongly associated with clinical outcomes when combined with the WR signature in breast cancer.
Collecting Execution Statistics of Scientific Workflow on Hadoop YARN

The development of computers, sensors and other technical instruments changed scientific research. Current scientific experiments often contain a whole range of computational activities, e.g: capturing and saving huge amounts of data in databases or flat files, analysis of data with software and data visualization [1]. The complexity of these data intensive experiments led to new challenges. Developing and maintaining the physical infrastructure to store the data and execute the analysis pipelines is expensive [2]. Data provenance is also an important aspect scientists need to ensure the origin of the results and the underlying data. They need to share the knowledge and resulting information with the community in order that other scientists can repeat and review the experiments. Scientific workflows provide a means for representing and managing such analysis pipelines. An activity of the analysis pipeline is encapsulated in a workflow step (task). A scientific workflow is a directed, acyclic graph (DAG), in which individual tasks are represented as nodes. Edges represent data dependencies between tasks. One task can be local software or a remote (web) service call which transforms input data to output data. Task execution is constrained by data dependencies [3]. An abstract workflow is a high-level workflow description. Scientists model an abstract workflow by specifying a set of individual tasks and the data dependencies between them [4]. Figure 2 shows an abstract workflow. Scientific workflow management systems (SWfMS) are used to manage and execute scientific workflows. In addition, they often support scientists to record provenance information and statistics about the execution of the workflows. Provenance data is supposed to trace the flow of data through the workflow tasks to reason about the results. Statistics about the execution of workflows and tasks are useful not only for provenance questions: Precise information about historical executions of a workflow can help the SWfMS to execute the workflow faster or to present progress and time-remaining estimation [5].