Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scattering off an SO(10) cosmic string.

The scattering of fermions from the abelian string arising during the phase transition $SO(10) \rightarrow SU(5) \times Z_2$ induced by the Higgs in the 126 representation is studied. Elastic cross-sections and baryon number violating cross-sections due to the coupling to gauge fields in the core of the string are computed by both a first quantised method and a perturbative second quantised method. The elastic cross-sections are found to be Aharonov-Bohm type. However, there is a marked asymmetry between the scattering cross-sections for left and right handed fields. The catalysis cross-sections are small, depending on the grand unified scale. If cosmic strings were observed our results could help tie down the underlying gauge group.
Effect of Intrinsic Rewards on Task Performance of Employees: Mediating Role of Motivation

The basic purpose of this study was to examine the effect of reward management system, especially intrinsic rewards on task performance with the mediating role of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation of employees working in the banks in the capital of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. The secondary purpose of this study was to explore what level of performance these employees demonstrate towards their organizations when they are rewarded intrinsically and when they are motivated due to these reward management system accordingly. In this study, we collected data through self-administered questionnaires applying correlational explanatory research design. We distributed 300 questionnaires among which 290 were returned resulting in a response rate of 96%. The analysis of the data revealed that intrinsic rewards have positive impact on task performance of employees working in banks and motivation and its dimensions, i.e., intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and job satisfaction mediated this relationship. Considering the importance of appreciations received by bankers in the form of rewards and their effect on extra role performance and sophisticated management, policy makers should take necessary steps for improving the reward management system which will increase the task performance of employees because they will be motivated by these performance appraisal techniques.
A New Approach to Image Sharing with High-Security Threshold Structure

Image sharing is an attractive research subject in computer image techniques and in the information security field. This article presents a novel scheme of image sharing with a (<i>t</i>, <i>n</i>) high-security threshold structure. The scheme can encode secret images into <i>n</i> shadow images in such a way that all the shadow images are in a <i>perfect</i> and <i>ideal</i> (<i>t</i>, <i>n</i>) threshold structure, while each shadow image has its own visual content assigned at random. The most common method to implement image sharing is based on interpolation polynomial over the field F<sub>p</sub>={0, 1, 2,…, <i>p</i>-1} [Shamir 1979]. In this article, the authors present a new approach to image sharing and its computation based on algebraic-geometry code over the pixel value field GF(2<sup><i>m</i></sup>).
Photon Bunching at TeV Energies

Harwit, Protheroe, and Biermann recently proposed that Bose-Einstein photon bunching might significantly affect the interpretation of Cerenkov counts of TeV gamma photons. Here we show that a combination of two recent results by Aharonian and coworkers permits us to set new, more stringent upper limits of ≲10% on the fractional amount of photon bunching in the 7-10 TeV radiation from Markarian 501. Potential bunching at even higher energies should nevertheless continue to be investigated for this and other TeV sources since a clear understanding of TeV energy spectra is required to determine unambiguously the spectral energy density of the mid-infrared extragalactic background.
The Pathophysiology of Septic Shock

While writing this review, Microbiologists, in collaboration with Anaesthetists and Intensivists, have kept in mind the incidence of sepsis and septic shock along with its mortality and morbidity. Moreover, recent advances have been made in the in understanding of the pathophysiology of sepsis and the genesis of septic shock. This has led to the development of new approaches to treatment. Hence early identification and aggressive management will finally lead to reduction of overall mortality. Thus we have tried to highlight the evolving concepts underlying the pathogenesis of septic shock for better understanding and appropriate management outcomes.
Combining Knowledge and Corpus-B to-Word Similarity Measures for Word-Dan Ștefănescu , Vasile Rus , Nobal B

This paper shows that the combination of knowledge and corpus-based word-to-word similarity measures can produce higher agreement with human judgment than any of the individual measures. While this might be a predictable result, the paper provides insights about the circumstances under which a combination is productive and about the improvement levels that are to be expected. The experiments presented here were conducted using the word-to-word similarity measures included in SEMILAR, a freely available semantic similarity toolkit.
Genetic Markers for PTSD Risk and Resilience Among Survivors of the World Trade Center Attacks

We have previously reported the differential expression of 17 probe sets in survivors of the 9/11 attacks with current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to similarly exposed survivors with no lifetime PTSD. The current study presents an expanded analysis of these subjects, including genotype at FKBP5, a modulator of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) sensitivity. It includes data from additional subjects who developed PTSD following 9/11 but then recovered, distinguishing expression profiles associated with risk for developing PTSD, resilience, and symptom recovery. 40 Caucasians (20 with and 20 without PTSD, matched for exposure, age, and gender) were selected from a population-representative sample of persons exposed to the 9/11 attacks from which longitudinal data had been collected in four previous waves. Whole blood gene expression and cortisol levels were obtained and genome-wide gene expression was analyzed. 25 probe sets were differentially expressed in PTSD. Identified genes were generally involved in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, signal transduction, or in brain and immune cell function. STAT5B, a direct inhibitor of GR, and nuclear factor I/A, both showed reduced expression in PTSD. Comparison of lifetime versus current PTSD identified overlapping genes with altered expression suggesting enduring markers, while some markers present only in current PTSD may reflect state measures. As a follow-up, direct comparisons of expression in current PTSD, lifetime-only PTSD, and control groups identified FKBP5 and MHC Class II as state markers, and also identified several trait markers. An analysis of indirect effects revealed that homozygosity for any of 4 PTSD risk-related polymorphisms at FKBP5 predicted FKBP5 expression, which mediated indirect effects of genotype on plasma cortisol and PTSD severity.
The thickness of the human precorneal tear film: evidence from reflection spectra.

PURPOSE Interferometric methods have considerable potential for studying the thickness of layers of the human tear film and cornea because of their ability to make noninvasive, accurate, and rapid measurements. However, previous interferometric studies by Prydal and Danjo yielded tear thickness values near 40 and 11 microm, respectively, considerably greater than estimates made by invasive methods of 4 to 8 microm. Using a modified version of Danjo's method, interference effects from the tear film and cornea were studied, with the aim of correlation with known structure and optical properties of the cornea and hence determining the most probable value of tear film thickness. METHODS Reflectance spectra from the human cornea were measured at normal incidence. These spectra show oscillations whose maxima correspond to constructive interference between light reflected from the air surface and from some deeper surface. The frequency of these spectral oscillations is proportional to the thickness of the layer between the air surface and the second surface. Therefore, Fourier analysis of reflectance spectra can be used to determine the thickness of layers of the tear film and cornea. In the main experiment, 36 low-resolution spectra were obtained from six normal eyes for measuring thickness up to 100 microm. Control experiments included measurements of the time course of thickness changes and high-resolution spectra for measuring thickness up to 1000 microm. RESULTS For the main experiment, in the thickness range 1 to 100 microm, the strongest peak in the Fourier transform was near 3 microm (range, 1.5-4.7 microm) beneath the air surface. In the range 20 to 100 microm, the strongest peak was near 55 microm (range, 50-59 microm) for all 36 spectra; none were in Prydal's range near 40 microm. This 55-microm peak is consistent with a reflection from the basement membrane of the epithelium. Time course measurements after a blink show that the 3-microm peak is not an artifact. High-resolution spectra gave a peak near 510 microm, corresponding to the complete thickness of the cornea (plus tear film). This peak had a contrast similar to that of the 3-microm peak. CONCLUSIONS These studies did not confirm Prydal's estimate of approximately 40 microm. Nor were there prominent peaks near Danjo's value of approximately 11 microm, except in cases of probable reflex tears. Because the reflection at the aqueous-mucus boundary would be expected to be weaker than that from the epithelial surface, the 3-microm peak is unlikely to correspond to the aqueous layer (rather than the complete tear film). The proposal that the 3-microm peak corresponds to a reflection from the front of the cornea is supported by the demonstration of a peak of similar contrast from the back of the cornea. Thus, the current evidence consistently supports a value of approximately 3 microm for the thickness of the human precorneal tear film.
Building Information Modelling Adoption: An Analysis of the Barriers of Implementation

The UK Government has set a target date for the adoption of Building Information Modelling (BIM) by 2016. Despite the many benefits identified in literature there are also barriers to be overcome but there is little by way of research ranking the importance of each. To enable informed decision making during the implementation process this research provides a ranking of barriers. The study gathered information via a web-based survey from the top 74 United Kingdom based main construction contractors. The findings demonstrated that the barriers are reduced in importance after BIM adoption as the major hurdle of initial investment has been overcome reducing the “Fear” factor”. The two most important barriers to implementing BIM overall are “Scale of Culture Change Required/Lack of Flexibility” and “Lack of supply Chain Buy-in”. The low ranking awarded to “Lack of management support” and “Other Competing Initiatives” show the priority implementation is given in industry.
Characterizing Deformation of Buildings from Videos

We have started to explore the feasibility of extracting useful data on the deformation of buildings and structures based on optical videos, (Taghavi Larigani & Heaton). In the beginning, we look at the characterizations and limitations of the hardware, which is composed of a high-quality digital camera, combined with its optical imaging system capturing a video-footage of the structure under test, and then introduce a straightforward targets-tracking algorithm that produces the time-series displacements of targets that we select on the video. We performed preliminary measurements consisting of testing our targets-tracking algorithm using high definition format videos displaying the structures that we wanted to test. The measurements pertain to a 1) finite-element software-generated video of JPL/NASA principal building, 2) YouTube-video of a seismic dynamic test of a building, 3) YouTube-video of the Millennium London Bridge “Wobbly Bridge”, 4) YouTube-video of a United Boeing 777, 4) YouTube-video of NASA space shuttle rockets during launch. So far, our tests are encouraging. If our approach proves viable, it can be transformative for the field of earthquake engineering and structural health monitoring. Hence, we consider the prospect of using our technique for surveying buildings and other civil structures in high seismic risk urban agglomerations. In parallel, the same technique could be applied for 1) real-time structural health monitoring of civil structures, 2) nuclear plants, 3) oil and gas infrastructures, 4) rail & road networks, 5) aircraft, 6) spacecraft, 7) etc., by simply analyzing the structure-facing camera recorded data.
Towards an Accurate Mathematical Model of Generic Nominally-Typed OOP

The construction of GNOOP as a domain-theoretic model of generic nominally-typed OOP is currently underway. This extended abstract presents the concepts of `nominal intervals' and `full generication' that are likely to help in building GNOOP as an accurate mathematical model of generic nominally-typed OOP. The abstract also presents few related category-theoretic suggestions. The presented concepts and suggestions are particularly geared towards enabling GNOOP to offer a precise and simple view of so-far-hard-to-analyze features of generic OOP such as variance annotations (e.g., Java wildcard types) and erased generics (e.g., Java type erasure).
Sendmail Meets Erlang: Experiences Using Erlang for Email Applications

Our software engineering team needed to create a system that moves data from a set of legacy applications with diverse properties to data repositories scattered around the network. This system had to be highly concurrent, straightforward to extend, have high performance, and be coded rapidly by a small development sta. Because of these requirements, the authors embarked upon an experiment to write this application in Erlang. This paper describes what we did, why we did it, and what we learned over the course of our development eort. It is our hope that this chronicle may be useful to others thinking about coding in Erlang for the first time and to the incumbent Erlang community to hear an outsider’s perspective on this fine language.
F‐statistics under alternation of sexual and asexual reproduction: a model and data from schistosomes (platyhelminth parasites)

Accurate inferences on population genetics data require a sound underlying theoretical null model. Nearly nothing is known about the gene dynamics of organisms with complex life cycles precluding any biological interpretation of population genetics parameters. In this article, we used an infinite island model to derive the expectations of those parameters for the life cycle of a dioecious organism obligatorily alternating sexual and asexual reproductions as it is the case for schistosomes (plathyhelminth parasites). This model allowed us to investigate the effects of the degree of mixing among individuals coming from different subpopulations at each new generation (represented in the model by the migration rates before and after clonal reproductions) and the variance in the reproductive success of individuals during the clonal phase. We also consider the effects of different migration rates and degrees of clonal reproductive skew between male and female individuals. Results show that the variance in the reproductive success of clones is very important in shaping the distribution of the genetic variability both within and among subpopulations. Thus, higher variance in the reproductive success of clones generates heterozygous excesses within subpopulations and also increases genetic differentiation between them. Migration occurring before and after asexual reproduction has different effects on the patterns of FIS and FST. When males and females display different degrees of reproductive skew or migration rates, we observe differences in their respective population genetic structure. While results of the model apply to any organism alternating sexual and clonal reproductions (e.g. all parasitic trematodes, many plants, and all aphididae), we finally confront some of these theoretical expectations to empirical data from Schistosoma mansoni infecting Rattus rattus in Guadeloupe.
Automated Pulsed Eddy Current Method for Detection and Classification of Hidden Corrosion

Corrosion has an important effect on the structural integrity of aging aircraft components, and an automatic and effective method of corrosion detection and classification can help to ensure the safe operation of a transportation system. Pulsed eddy current (PEC) has been shown to effectively characterize hidden corrosion in aircraft fuselage lap joints. However, two noise sources in the form of probe lift-off and interlayer gap can cause false indications or inaccuracies in quantification. This paper describes the development of a modular architecture for analysis of PEC data to enable automatic characterization of hidden corrosion in a typical aircraft fuselage multi-layer structure. The goal of this study was to develop a software tool to detect and distinguish between first layer and second layer corrosion damage. This investigation is a follow on to previous work that applied time-frequency analysis of PEC signals to provide specific visual patterns related to the interlayer gap, lift-off, and material loss. In the present work, the authors have investigated the time-frequency analysis of PEC signals along with feature extraction and classification to automatically characterize and determine the location of material loss in a two-layer structure.
Cache interference phenomena

The impact of cache interferences on program performance (particularly numerical codes, which heavily use the memory hierarchy) remains unknown. The general knowledge is that cache interferences are highly irregular, in terms of occurrence and intensity. In this paper, the different types of cache interferences that can occur in numerical loop nests are identified. An analytical method is developed for detecting the occurrence of interferences and, more important, for computing the number of cache misses due to interferences. Simulations and experiments on real machines show that the model is generally accurate and that most interference phenomena are captured. Experiments also show that cache interferences can be intense and frequent. Certain parameters such as array base addresses or dimensions can have a strong impact on the occurrence of interferences. Modifying these parameters only can induce global execution time variations of 30% and more. Applications of these modeling techniques are numerous and range from performance evaluation and prediction to enhancement of data locality optimizations techniques.
Online sparse kernel learning-based adaptive dynamic programming

In adaptive dynamic programming (ADP), traditional actor-critic methods make use of both policy gradient learning and value function approximation to search for near-optimal control policies in continuous spaces. Since neural networks are used to design the critic component, the generalization capability and learning efficiency of ADP need to be improved. In this paper, by integrating online kernel learning and approximately linear dependence (ALD) analysis to design critic module of ADP, a novel online sparse kernel-based ADP algorithm is presented. And then, the designing procedure of kernel-based heuristic dynamic programming (KHDP) is analyzed. Finally, in optimal control nonlinear discrete-time systems, an illustrated example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the KHDP algorithm.
Work based learning in intercultural settings: a model in practice

As part of an MA in Intercultural Business Communication at the University of Central Lancashire, we offer a taught module with a work placement that exists within a multicultural context. As part of this process, students must work towards completing two practical assessments, a project presented in a report format and a reflective essay. Our aim is to raise the international employment profile of our students by undertaking a professional intercultural work placement that will enhance their skill set through a guided process, from job search, to a critical reflection, to a final report of the project.
How Reading in a Second Language Protects Your Heart

Reading words in a second language spontaneously activates native language translations in the human bilingual mind. Here, we show that the emotional valence of a word presented in English constrains unconscious access to its Chinese translation. We asked native speakers of Chinese fluent with English to indicate whether or not pairs of English words were related in meaning while monitoring their brain electrical activity. Unbeknownst to the participants, some of the word pairs hid a sound repetition if translated into Chinese. Remarkably, English words with a negative valence such as “violence” did not automatically activate their Chinese translation, even though we observed the expected sound repetition priming effect for positive and neutral words, such as “holiday” and “theory. ” These findings show that emotion conveyed by words determines language activation in bilinguals, where potentially disturbing stimuli trigger inhibitory mechanisms that block access to the native language.
MINING CLASSIFICATION ALGORITHMS FOR BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE

DATA MINING CLASSIFICATION ALGORITHMS FOR BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE Dr. Arumugam P, Jose P Department of Statistics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, INDIA _____________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: The most useful data mining techniques in Business process is classification. Classification is a supervised machine learning procedure and an important issue in data mining. Decision Trees are considered to be one of the most popular approaches for representing classifiers. In this paper, the classification task is used to predict the market scenario and as there are many approach that is used for data classification. It is an important data mining Technique has found immense uses in medical, market research statistics, educational and business intelligence. Mining to classify the various kinds of data used in nearly every field of our life. Classification is used to classify the item according to the features of the item with respect to the predefined set of classes. This paper based on cost performance evaluation on the correct and incorrect instances of data classification using J48, Random forest, Logistic Model tree classification algorithm. WEKA open source software was used to obtain the classification results of these algorithms. These classification methods are used to classify samples from different datasets. In this paper White industry Business data be used for classification and the result is compared by various datasets.
IBM Research and the University of Colorado - TREC 2003 Genomics Track

IBM Research and the University of Colorado collaborated on their submission to the inaugural Genomics track at TREC 2003. IBM Research has extensive experience in natural language processing, text analysis, and large-scale systems [9, 13, 3, 5, 16, 10]. IBM also has numerous research and business activities in the broad areas of bioinformatics and bio-medical information processing [14, 8]. IBM Research is currently developing BioTeKS, a middleware system for text analysis, mining, and information retrieval in the bio-medical domain. The University of Colorado (CU) has been working in the area of bioinformatics and text analysis in the bio-medical domain for a number of years and has made substantial contributions to the field [7, 11, 15, 12]. CU contributed their domain expertise to enhance the BioTeKS system and jointly we designed and evaluated experiments while preparing our track submissions.