Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Construção e validação de modelos de regressão a partir de espectros NIR para predição da composição da cana-de-açúcar, farelo de soja e fubá de milho

Objetivou-se desenvolver e avaliar modelos de regressão para a predição da composição química da cana-de-açúcar, farelo de soja e fubá de milho por NIR portátil aliado a técnicas quimiométricas. Foram utilizadas 95 amostras de cana-de-açúcar, 92 amostras de farelo de soja e 120 amostras de fubá de milho. Após a moagem das amostras, foi realizada aquisição dos espectros de cada amostra. Os valores referência foram obtidos através de análises químicas convencionais. Para construção dos modelos, foi utilizada a regressão por quadrados mínimos parciais e a validação cruzada leave one out. Os modelos com menor raiz quadrada do erro quadrático médio da validação cruzada foram submetidos a validação externa. Para avaliar a qualidade de ajuste dos modelos, os valores preditos foram comparados com os valores obtidos pelos métodos laboratoriais convencionais. Os modelos construídos estimaram corretamente todos os constituintes avaliados para a cana-de-açúcar, farelo de soja e fubá de milho (P ≥ 0,056). Os modelos construídos para predição dos teores de amostra seca em estufa a 55°C (ASA) e a 105°C (ASE), matéria seca total (MS), matéria orgânica (MO), fibra insolúvel em detergente neutro (FDN), FDN corrigida para cinzas e proteína (FDNcp), proteína insolúvel em detergente neutro (PIDN), fibra insolúvel em detergente ácido (FDA), proteína bruta (PB), carboidratos não fibrosos (CNF) e nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT) da cana-de-açúcar; ASE, MO, FDN, FDA, FDN indigestível (FDNi), PB, NDT e amido de farelo de soja; e ASE, PB do fubá de milho apresentaram elevada acurácia e precisão (R2 ≥ 0,50 e CCC ≥ 0,60). Contudo os modelos construídos para predição dos teores de cinzas insolúveis em detergente neutro (CIDN) da cana-de-açúcar; extrato etéreo (EE) e CIDN do farelo de soja; e FDN, FDNi, CIDN, CNF e EE do fubá de milho foram acurados, porém pouco precisos (R2 ≥ -0,04 e CCC ≥ 0,03). Conclui-se que os modelos de regressão por NIR portátil estimaram acuradamente e, portanto, são recomendados para estimar a composição química da cana-de-açúcar, farelo de soja e fubá de milho.
Intrapreneurial Capabilities: Multidimensional Construction and Measurement Index Validation

In the era of knowledge innovation, this study addresses the new requirements for constructing enterprise intrapreneurial capabilities by examining existing theoretical research, using grounded theory to analyze sample data, and developing a measurement system for intrapreneurial capabilities. The results indicate that intrapreneurial capabilities are a concept model consisting of five categories: innovation, risk-taking, proactivity, resource management, and network construction. Utilizing structural equation verification, the study establishes an optimal second-order, five-factor measurement model for intrapreneurial capabilities, ultimately providing valuable insights for path selection and management in enterprise re-entrepreneurship.
Capacitive beam position monitors for the low-β beam of the Chinese ADS proton linac

Beam Position Monitors (BPMs) for the low-β beam of the Chinese Accelerator Driven Subcritical system (CADS) Proton linac are of the capacitive pick-up type. They provide higher output signals than that of the inductive type. This paper will describe the design and tests of the capacitive BPM system for the low-β proton linac, including the pick-ups, the test bench and the read-out electronics. The tests done with an actual proton beam show a good agreement between the measurements and the simulations in the time domain.
Research on the Magnetomechanical Coupling Effect of Ferromagnetic Cavity Based on Improved Jiles–Atherton Theory

Magnetic field generated by ferromagnetic materials of underwater detectors varies with seawater pressure, which affects the accuracy of deep-sea resource exploration. Therefore, to precisely simulate the influence of deep-sea pressure on the magnetic field around the underwater detectors, a magnetomechanical numerical model must be developed. In this article, a magnetomechanical coupling model of an oxygen tank was developed in COMSOL Multiphysics. Hysteresis curves of 37Mn-type steel were measured with superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), on which Jiles–Atherton parameters were identified. Initial magnetization of the oxygen tank was calculated according to the obtained conversion matrix and flux density matrix measured by sensors. Furthermore, the concept of equivalent mean field parameter was introduced to describe the magnetomechanical coupling effect of ferromagnets by improving Jiles–Atherton theory, and three equivalent mean field parameters of 37Mn-type steel were obtained. The irreversibility of magnetization and relationship between the pressure and the spatial magnetic field were experimentally obtained and verified. With the escalation of inner pressure and the augmentation of the stress cycle number, reduction in the spatial magnetic field components occurred. The spatial magnetic field components demonstrated an approximate quadratic relationship with the pressure, while exhibiting an approximately linear association with the stress cycle number.
Wedge resection versus segment IVb and V resection of the liver for T2 gallbladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives Although guidelines recommend extended cholecystectomy for T2 gallbladder cancer (GBC), the optimal hepatectomy strategy remains controversial. The study aims to compare the prognosis of T2 GBC patients who underwent wedge resection (WR) versus segment IVb and V resection (SR) of the liver. Methods A specific search of online databases was performed from May 2001 to February 2023. The postoperative efficacy outcomes were synthesized and meta-analyses were conducted. Results A total of 9 studies involving 2,086 (SR = 627, WR = 1,459) patients were included in the study. The primary outcomes included disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). For DFS, the 1-year DFS was statistically higher in patients undergoing SR than WR [risk ratio (RR) = 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.13, P = 0.007]. The 3-year DFS (P = 0.95), 5-year DFS (P = 0.77), and hazard ratio (HR) of DFS (P = 0.72) were similar between the two groups. However, the 3-year OS was significantly lower in patients who underwent SR than WR [RR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.82-0.99, P = 0.03]. Moreover, SR had a higher hazard HR of OS [HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.01-1.75, P = 0.04]. No significant difference was found in 1-year (P = 0.32) and 5-year (P = 0.9) OS. For secondary outcomes, patients who received SR tended to develop postoperative complications (POC) [RR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.00-3.60, P = 0.05]. In addition, no significant differences in intrahepatic recurrence (P = 0.12) were observed. Conclusions In conclusion, SR can improve the prognosis of T2 GBC patients in DFS. In contrast to WR, the high HR and complications associated with SR cannot be neglected. Therefore, surgeons should evaluate the condition of the patients and take their surgical skills into account when selecting SR. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/, identifier, CRD42022362974.
Sources of carbon supporting the fast growth of developing immature moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) culms: inference from carbon isotopes and anatomy

Abstract Phyllostachys edulis is a spectacularly fast-growing species that completes its height growth within 2 months after the shoot emerges without producing leaves (fast-growing period, FGP). This phase was considered heterotrophic, with the carbon necessary for the growth being transferred from the mature culms via the rhizomes, although previous studies observed key enzymes and anatomical features related to C4-carbon fixation in developing culms. We tested whether C4-photosynthesis or dark-CO2 fixation through anaplerotic reactions significantly contributes to the FGP, resulting in differences in the natural abundance of δ13C in bulk organic matter and organic compounds. Further, pulse-13CO2-labelling was performed on developing culms, either from the surface or from the internal hollow, to ascertain whether significant CO2 fixation occurs in developing culms. δ13C of young shoots and developing culms were higher (−26.3 to −26.9 ‰) compared to all organs of mature bamboos (−28.4 to −30.1 ‰). Developing culms contained chlorophylls, most observed in the skin tissues. After pulse-13CO2-labelling, the polar fraction extracted from the skin tissues was slightly enriched in 13C, and only a weak 13C enrichment was observed in inner tissues. Main carbon source sustaining the FGP was not assimilated by the developing culm, while a limited anaplerotic fixation of respired CO2 cannot be excluded and is more likely than C4-photosynthetic carbon fixation.
Solving Multi-Objective Fuzzy Linear Optimization Problem Using Fuzzy Programming Technique

Fuzzy multi objective linear programming problem has its application in a variety of research and development field. It is the application of fuzzy set theory in linear decision making problem. In this paper, solution procedure of multi objective fuzzy linear programming with triangular membership function is presented. With the help of numerical example the method is illustrated.
EGCG attenuates METH self‐administration and reinstatement of METH seeking in mice

Methamphetamine (METH) use disorder is a chronic, relapsing disorder and involves frequent failures of self‐control of drug seeking and taking. Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant polyphenolic compounds of green tea, which has shown great therapeutic effectiveness in neurological disorders. However, it is still unknown whether and how EGCG affects METH seeking behaviour. Here, we show nanostructured EGCG/ascorbic acid nanoparticles (EGCG/AA NPs) dose‐dependently reduced METH self‐administration (SA) under fixed‐ratio 1 (FR1) and progressive ratio (PR) reinforcement schedules in mice and shifted METH dose–response curves downward. Furthermore, EGCG/AA NPs decreased drug‐ and cue‐induced METH seeking. In addition, we found that METH SA led to a decrease in inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) and increase in the AMPAR/NMDAR ratio and excitation/inhibition (E/I) ratio in ex vivo midbrain slices from ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons. EGCG/AA NPs enhanced Gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inhibition and normalized the E/I ratio. EGCG restored the balance between excitation and inhibition in VTA dopamine neurons, which may contribute to the attenuation of METH SA. These findings indicate that EGCG is a promising pharmacotherapy for METH use disorder.
A Potential Game Approach to Multi-UAV Accurate Coverage Based on Deterministic Radio Wave Propagation Model in Urban Area

Existing methods based on statistical models ignore the detail effect of the real environment on path loss, leading to some discrepancies with the actual results in real urban environments. In order to reduce the discrepancies and improve the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) coverage effect, a multi-UAV coverage method based on deterministic radio wave propagation is proposed. First, the ray-tracing method, as one of the deterministic models, is used to simulate the path loss. Next, the cooperative search and coverage problem of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles is modeled as a potential game model, and the utility function is designed by path loss. After that action set is designed to constrain the motion of unmanned aerial vehicles. Then, the coverage problem is solved using a binary log-linear learning algorithm, which combines ray-tracing method and deterministic model. Finally, experiments are conducted in local areas of two cities, Haikou and Guangzhou by proposed method and statistic models. The experimental results show that the proposed method is capable of multi-UAV cooperative search and coverage tasks in urban areas and can achieve better performance than the statistical model-based methods.
Ultrafast laser energy deposition in copper revealed by simulation and experimental determination of optical properties with pump-probe ellipsometry

Ultra-short pulsed lasers offer a great potential in precise and efficient material processing. Experimental and theoretical studies on efficiency of laser material processing from metals have demonstrated a high degree of dependency on the laser pulse duration. Within these studies, the investigation of the transient energy deposition in material takes a great significance for the thermal and mechanical material response after laser irradiation. The scope of this study was to investigate the ultra-fast energy deposition in a copper metal during the irradiation with a 680 fs ultra-short laser pulse at a 1056 nm and a 528 nm wavelength. For this purpose, a numerical analysis of the laser-matter interaction was performed by using the optical Drude critical point (DCP) model and thermal two temperature model fully coupled with thermoelasticity theory (2T-TE). The DCP model was incorporated into the 2T-TE to simulate the ultra-fast laser energy deposition and optical material response of copper. For comparison with experimental data a pump probe ellipsometry set-up was used. The pumpprobe ellipsometry set-up combines the high temporal resolution of pump-probe technique and ellipsometric measurements of optical indices. It was found numerically that a dynamic change on re ectivity and optical penetration depth at 1056 nm is mainly induced by a rapid temperature increase. In contrast at the irradiated wavelength of 528 nm the laser pulse absorption is mainly described by the interplay of the the interband excitation and intraband heating of conduction band electrons The time resolved simulation of optical indices (n, k) confirms the temporal experimental observation of refractive index and extinction coefficient within the first 10 ps from pump-probe ellipsometry set-up.
Entropy production and the rate of convergence to equilibrium for the Fokker-Planck equation

We reckon the rate of exponential convergence to equilibrium both in relative entropy and in relative Fisher information, for the solution to the spatially homogeneous Fokker-Planck equation. The result follows by lower bounds of the entropy production which are explicitly computable. Second, we show that the Gross's logarithmic Sobolev inequality is a direct consequence of the lower bound for the entropy production relative to Fisher information. The entropy production arguments are finally applied to reckon the rate of convergence of the solution to the heat equation towards the fundamental one in various norms.
Multiparameter Flowfield Measurements in High-Pressure, Cryogenic Environments Using Femtosecond Lasers

Femtosecond laser electronic excitation tagging (FLEET) and Rayleigh scattering (RS) from a femtosecond laser are demonstrated in the NASA Langley 0.3-m Transonic Cryogenic Tunnel (TCT). The measured signals from these techniques are examined for their thermodynamic dependencies in pure nitrogen. The FLEET signal intensity and signal lifetimes are found to scale primarily with the gas density, as does the RS signal. Several models are developed, which capture these physical behaviors. Notably, the FLEET and Rayleigh scattering intensities scale linearly with the flow density, while the FLEET signal decay rates are a more complex function of the thermodynamic state of the gas. The measurement of various flow properties are demonstrated using these techniques. While density was directly measured from the signal intensities and FLEET signal lifetime, temperature and pressure were measured using the simultaneous FLEET velocity measurements while assuming the flow had a constant total enthalpy. Measurements of density, temperature, and pressure from the FLEET signal are made with accuracies as high as 5.3 percent, 0.62 percent, and 6.2 percent, respectively, while precisions were approximately 10 percent, 0.26 percent, and 11 percent for these same quantities. Similar measurements of density from Rayleigh scattering showed an overall accuracy of 3.5 percent and a precision of 10.2 percent over a limited temperature range (T > 195 K). These measurements suggest a high degree of utility at using the femtosecond-laser based diagnostics for making multiparameter measurements in high-pressure, cryogenic environments such as large-scale TCT facilities.
Relationship between diet quality and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease predictor indices in Iranian patients with metabolic syndrome: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract The present study aimed to assess the association between diet quality and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) predictor indices in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This cross‐sectional study was carried out among 344 adult patients with MetS. The diet quality of patients was calculated by Healthy Eating Index‐2015 (HEI‐2015). NAFLD predictor indices (Hepatic Steatosis Index [HSI], Triglyceride‐Glucose Index [TyG], and Fatty Liver Index [FLI]) were calculated and compared according to the HEI‐2015 quartiles. The relationship between the HEI‐2015 score and HSI, FLI, and TyG Index was estimated using multiple linear regression analysis. The findings of the present study revealed that patients with the highest HEI score had the lowest FLI score (p = .003) and HSI score (p = .05). There was an inverse relationship between the HEI‐2015 score and FLI (β = −0.49; p < .001), HSI (β = −0.05; p = .25), and TyG Index (β = −0.002; p = .34). According to our result, after adjusting for possible confounding factors, there was a statistically significant inverse association between HEI‐2015 and FLI.
Can PTSD be prevented? A novel approach to increasing physiological resilience: a pilot study

Much of the U.S. adult population will experience a traumatic event at some point in their lives, resulting in about 20 million people developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and costing over $143 billion for healthcare. The Community Resilience Model (CRM) and Mental and Emotional Self-Management (MESM) are potential novel solutions for stemming the tide of PTSD diagnoses resulting from a traumatic event. This pilot study was conducted to examine the phasic and tonic changes in cardiac vagal tone in a non-traumatized sample population (N = 83) after a 1-week intervention. Group comparisons were conducted between the CRM (n = 26), MESM (n = 34), and Control (n = 23) conditions. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 30. A phasic effect on cardiac vagal tone was found for the MESM condition within subjects but not for the CRM or control conditions. A tonic effect on cardiac vagal tone was not found within subjects amongst the three conditions. The phasic effect in the MESM condition was significantly different between itself and the CRM and control groups. No tonic effects on cardiac vagal tone were found between conditions either. These results suggest cardiac vagal tone responds to focused breathing in the moment only, but more research with larger sample sizes, longer intervention duration, and better methods to track home practice compliance are needed before one accepts the insignificant results as valid. This pilot study can serve as an introduction to the study of physiological processes that might be trainable to increase resilience in non-traumatized populations and serve as a springboard for future studies of physiological resilience to traumatic stress.
Constitutive models for static granular systems and focus to the Jiang-Liu hyperelastic law

Granular systems in solid-like state exhibit properties like stiffness dependence on stress, dilatancy, yield or incremental non-linearity that can be described within the continuum mechanical framework. Different constitutive models have been proposed in the literature either based on relations between some components of the stress tensor or on a quasi-elastic description. After a brief description of these models, the hyperelastic law recently proposed by Jiang and Liu [1] will be investigated. In this framework, the stress-strain relation is derived from an elastic strain energy density where the stable proper- ties are linked to a Drucker-Prager yield criteria. Further, a numerical method based on the finite element discretization and Newton- Raphson iterations is presented to solve the force balance equation. The 2D numerical examples presented in this work show that the stress distributions can be computed not only for triangular domains, as previoulsy done in the literature, but also for more complex geometries. If the slope of the heap is greater than a critical value, numerical instabilities appear and no elastic solution can be found, as predicted by the theory. As main result, the dependence of the material parameter Xi on the maximum angle of repose is established.
Novel 3D-Printed Biocarriers from Aluminosilicate Materials

The addition of biocarriers can improve biological processes in bioreactors, since their surface allows for the immobilization, attachment, protection, and growth of microorganisms. In addition, the development of a biofilm layer allows for the colonization of microorganisms in the biocarriers. The structure, composition, and roughness of the biocarriers’ surface are crucial factors that affect the development of the biofilm. In the current work, the aluminosilicate zeolites 13X and ZSM-5 were examined as the main building components of the biocarrier scaffolds, using bentonite, montmorillonite, and halloysite nanotubes as inorganic binders in various combinations. We utilized 3D printing to form pastes into monoliths that underwent heat treatment. The 3D-printed biocarriers were subjected to a mechanical analysis, including density, compression, and nanoindentation tests. Furthermore, the 3D-printed biocarriers were morphologically and structurally characterized using nitrogen adsorption at 77 K (LN2), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The stress–strain response of the materials was obtained through nanoindentation tests combined with the finite element analysis (FEA). These tests were also utilized to simulate the lattice geometries under compression loading conditions to investigate their deformation and stress distribution in relation to experimental compression testing. The results indicated that the 3D-printed biocarrier of 13X/halloysite nanotubes was endowed with a high specific surface area of 711 m2/g and extended mesoporous structure. Due to these assets, its bulk density of 1.67 g/cm3 was one of the lowest observed amongst the biocarriers derived from the various combinations of materials. The biocarriers based on the 13X zeolite exhibited the highest mechanical stability and appropriate morphological features. The 13X/halloysite nanotubes scaffold exhibited a hardness value of 45.64 MPa, which is moderate compared to the rest, while it presented the highest value of modulus of elasticity. In conclusion, aluminosilicate zeolites and their combinations with clays and inorganic nanotubes provide 3D-printed biocarriers with various textural and structural properties, which can be utilized to improve biological processes, while the most favorable characteristics are observed when utilizing the combination of 13X/halloysite nanotubes.
Ruin problems in Markov-modulated risk models

Abstract Chen et al. (2014), studied a discrete semi-Markov risk model that covers existing risk models such as the compound binomial model and the compound Markov binomial model. We consider their model and build numerical algorithms that provide approximations to the probability of ultimate ruin and the probability and severity of ruin in a continuous time two-state Markov-modulated risk model. We then study the finite time ruin probability for a discrete m-state model and show how we can approximate the density of the time of ruin in a continuous time Markov-modulated model with more than two states.