Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Load Transfer Characteristics of Various Designs of Three-Implant-Retained Mandibular Overdentures.

PURPOSE Many different attachment systems (eg, bars, studs, magnets, telescopic copings) have been used to retain overdentures. The current study aimed to investigate the load transfer characteristics and to compare the stress levels of four attachment designs for mandibular overdentures retained by one central implant and two inclined distal implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Photoelastic mandibular models fabricated with three screw-type implants (Tapered Screw-Vent, 3.75 × 13 mm) were placed in the parasymphyseal area. The center implant was vertically oriented to the midline, and the other implants were embedded in the canine areas with a 20-degree angulation relative to the center implant. Four overdentures with different attachment designs (bar, bar/ball, bar/distally placed Rk-1s, and Locators) were studied in the context of this model. Vertical loads (100 N) were applied to the central fossa of the right first molar area of each overdenture. Stress levels that developed in the denture-bearing areas and around the implants were observed photoelastically and evaluated visually. RESULTS The studied attachment designs showed low and moderate stress levels. The greatest stress was found with the bar/ball design, while the lowest stress levels were observed with the Locator attachment design. CONCLUSION Stresses were concentrated on the loaded side for each design. All tested designs experienced moderate stress around the posterior edentulous area. None of the designs experienced more than moderate stress. The lowest stress was noted with the Locator attachments, which transmitted little discernible stress around the implants.
Influencing Community Involvement in School: A school community council

The purpose of this qualitative research was to explore the role a School Community Council (SCC) played in encouraging community involvement in a kindergarten to grade 12 school. Via 35 interviews, thematic data reflected that the SCC’s influence was limited. As analyzed through social capital theory, SCC members shared thin levels of trust, which influenced the association’s impact on community involvement. Research implications underscore the need for policymakers to reconsider SCC membership timelines.
Blue-sky thinking?: Léon Bollack and La Langue française en l’an 2003

This paper tests the predictions of Bollack’s 1903 article against the now known reality of twenty-first-century French. While many of his claims are undoubtedly naive, Bollack often proves an astute observer of spoken French, who merely underestimates resistance to change in the written language. Moreover, he identifies themes which were to dominate the mainstream linguistic agenda, and sets out principles of change which would influence commentators throughout the twentieth century. However, Bollack’s article must also be seen in the context of his ambitions for Bolak, his own invented language, the underlying principles of which are seen — often wrongly — to drive change in natural languages.
Quantitative genetics and developmental psychopathology: Contributions to understanding normal development

Abstract This article reviews ways in which quantitative genetic approaches to developmental psychopathology can elucidate normal development. A few examples from genetics are discussed to highlight how investigations of abnormal functioning can inform the study of normal functioning. Two topics that provide bridges between the normal and abnormal are presented in greater detail. Most important is a new quantitative genetic technique that assesses empirically genetic and environmental links between the normal and abnormal. A second topic involves quantitative genetic approaches to environmental analyses, as highlighted by the examination of nonshared environmental factors. Such examinations of the environment are essential in studies of psychopathology, and their application to abnormal development can elucidate processes of normal development. We believe that forging links between the normal and abnormal is the core task of developmental psychopathology and that quantitative genetics is not only compatible with this goal, but essential to it.
Altered O‐glycosylation profile of MUC2 mucin occurs in active ulcerative colitis and is associated with increased inflammation

Background: The MUC2 mucin organizes the two mucus layers in the colon. This mucin carries a large number of O‐glycans that are assumed to be attachment sites for the commensal flora found in the outer mucus layer. Methods: Single biopsies from the sigmoid colon of controls (25) and patients with inactive (13) or active (15) ulcerative colitis (UC) were collected during routine colonoscopy. The insoluble MUC2 mucin was prepared and separated by gel electrophoresis, its relative amount estimated, its O‐glycans released, and glycans analyzed by novel sensitive glycomics chromatography / mass spectrometry providing information on glycan structures and relative abundances. The glycosylation pattern was related to the degree of mucosal inflammation and clinical severity of the disease. Results: The relative abundance of MUC2 showed high individual variability. Two major glycan profiles were found; a normal pattern in the control and inactive UC patients and an aberrant profile in patients with active colitis with an increase in a subset of the smaller glycans and a decrease of several complex glycans. The magnitude of this phenomenon was significantly related to both the degree of inflammation in the biopsies and also to some extent the severity of disease course. The aberrant profile was further shown to be reversible upon remission. Conclusions: In the majority of the active UC patients MUC2 mucin has an altered glycan profile as compared to inactive UC and control patients. Patients with strong alterations in the glycan pattern tended to have a more severe disease course. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011)
On convergence rate of projection neural networks

This note presents an analysis of the convergence rate for a projection neural network with application to constrained optimization and related problems. It is shown that the state trajectory of the projection neural network is exponentially convergent to its equilibrium point if the Jacobian matrix of the nonlinear mapping is positive definite, while the convergence rate is proportional to a design parameter if the Jacobian matrix is only positive semidefinite. Moreover, the convergence time is guaranteed to be finite if the design parameter is chosen to be sufficiently large. Furthermore, if a diagonal block of the Jacobian matrix is positive definite, then the corresponding partial state trajectory of the projection neural network is also exponentially convergent. Three optimization examples are used to show the convergence performance of the projection neural network.
Increased Willingness to Undergo Colorectal Cancer Screening When Offered a Paid Day Off from Work Among Inner City Hospital Employees

Background: Though several modalities are available for colorectal cancer screening, only about half of adults are being screened. Barriers to compliance include fear of diagnosis, lack of motivation and logistical difficulties, includ- ing taking time off work. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether offering a paid day off from work would motivate more patients to undergo screening. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to employees at the the Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center in 2007. Results: Of the 916 surveys returned, we focused on the 438 responders who needed a screening test due to age greater than 50, or less than 50 but with a family history of colon cancer. Of the 438, fifty responders were not sure or not willing to undergo screening. The remainder were willing or had been screened and were excluded from the analysis. Among the fifty, 17 (34%) were more willing to undergo screening when they were offered a paid day off from work. Six out of ten men (60%) changed their mind based on this incentive while only 11 out of 40 women (27%) did so (p= 0.05). Conclusions: A paid day off from work may increase screening compliance. This effect was more pronounced in men.
DIFFERENCE OF PAIN INTENSITY IN TENSION TYPE HEADACHE PATIENTS FOCUSING ON THE PERSONALITY

Tension-type headache (TTH) is the most common headache disorders. The association between headache and psychiatric disordershas received considerable attention. Reasons for examining personality in persons with headache disorders include determining ifpersonality characteristics predispose one to develop headache disorders, if personality disturbance is a consequence of theheadache disorder, or if an underlying (or comorbid) causal mechanism exists producing both conditions concurrently. The purposeof this study was to determine the difference in pain intensity focusing on personality type in patients with TTH. Cross-sectionalanalytic study using consecutive sampling method has been applied. Respondents were recruited from Neurologic outpatient clinic ofDr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, since September 2012-February 2013. Pain intensity was measured using Visual AnalogScale (VAS), while Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) was used to determine the personality traits of theparticipants. Data was displayed descriptively. SPSS 17 was used to analyze the data. Sixty patients were enrolled in this study,female has higher TTH prevalence than male (68.3% 31.7%). The mean age was 36.35 ± 10.050 years. VAS mean score was 5.608± 1.8765. Chronic episode of TTH was the most common clinical feature (61.7%). From the linear regression analyses,hypochondriasis was statistically significant with VAS score (p<0.05) than depression and hysteria. VAS score have significancieswith hypochondriasis personalities. (FMI 2013;49 259-262)
Un programa de ejercicio contra resistencia estimula cambios positivos en la respuesta hemodinámica en adultos mayores

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a resistance training program in hemodynamic responses and adaptations in 60 yr. old elderly. Volunteers were 60 healthy-elderly who underwent a training program 3 times/wk. for 12 wk. Participants were randomly assigned to either a control group, an exercise group who trained at 30% intensity of 5 maximal repetitions (5RM) (30% of 5RM) or an exercise group at an intensity of 70% (70% of 5RM). Hemodynamic variables measured were mean arterial pressure (MAP), calculated before and immediately after the training session, and rate pressure product (RPP), estimated once a month and before and after finishing the program. Results indicated that resistance exercise training at 30% and 70% of 5RM, with a total exercise work of 872.7 and 890.9 kg did not elicited cardiovascular risks for the elderly. A 12-wk resistance exercise training reduced the cardiovascular strain as shown by the RPP (~16%) and the MAP (~9%), with no adverse effects throughout the program. Unfortunately, all the hemodynamic benefits were reverted 6 days following completion of the program. In conclusion, a healthy elderly population must perform resistance training exercises to significantly reduce the cardiovascular stress. We suggest to conduct further research that looks into different exercise intensities in longer program duration and to determine the mechanisms responsible for the deleterious effects of the detraining by using physiological, biochemical and biomechanical variables.
Chapter 4 Hepatic VLDL production in ob / ob mice is not stimulated by massive de novo lipogenesis and is less sensitive to the suppressive effects of insulin

Hepatic VLDL production in ob/ob mice is not stimulated by massive de novo lipogenesis and is less sensitive to the suppressive effects of insulin Less suppression of VLDL production by insulin in ob/ob mice 66 ABSTRACT Type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans is associated with increased de novo lipogenesis (DNL), increased fatty acid (FA)-flux from peripheral tissues, decreased FA oxidation and hepatic steatosis. In type 2 diabetes mellitus, production of VLDL is increased and resistant to the suppressive effects of insulin. The relationships between FA metabolism, hepatic steatosis and VLDL production are incompletely understood. We investigated VLDL formation in relation to DNL and insulin sensitivity in female ob/ob mice, a model of type 2 diabetes with hepatic steatosis. Hepatic triglyceride (5-fold) and cholesteryl ester (15-fold) contents were increased in ob/ob mice compared to lean controls. Hepatic DNL was increased ~10-fold in ob/ob mice whereas hepatic cholesterol synthesis was not affected. Basal rates of hepatic VLDL-triglyceride and-apoB100 production were also similar between the groups. Hyperinsulinemic clamping reduced VLDL-triglyceride and-apoB100 production rate by ~60% and ~75%, respectively, in lean mice but only by ~20% and ~20%, respectively, in ob/ob mice. No difference in hepatic expression of genes encoding apolipoprotein B, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and diacylglycerolacyltransferase-1 were found. Hepatic gene expression and protein phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-isoforms were reduced in ob/ob mice. Thus, strongly induced hepatic DNL is not associated with increased basal VLDL production in ob/ob mice, which might be related to differential hepatic zonation of apoB synthesis (periportal) and lipid accumulation (perivenous) and/or relatively low rates of cholesterogenesis. Insulin is unable to effectively suppress VLDL-triglyceride production in ob/ob mice, presumably due to impaired insulin signaling.
On the Impact of Transient Period for Short Transmission Duration

Low latency is the key not only for improving the user experience of today's applications but also for realizing the emerging critical machine type communication use cases for 5G. In 4G and 5G standardization by 3GPP, shortening the transmission duration has been considered as an important technology for latency reduction in future wireless networks. As the transmission duration is shortened, the period when the signal is not well defined due to RF limitations, will naturally become a larger portion of the overall uplink transmission, unless also shortened. This period, commonly referred to as a transient period, can result in the useful signal being distorted and/or cause interference to other users. This paper investigates the impact of the transient period on LTE uplink transmissions shortened by a factor 7 or 2 compared to legacy LTE. Different approaches are proposed in this paper to reduce the transient period impact. Our link level simulation results show that by reducing the transient period duration from 20 µs to 10 µs, around 1.8 dB signal-to-noise ratio gain can be achieved, considering the operation points for typical mobile broadband services. It is shown that placing the transient period outside the allocated transmission duration is preferred despite increased inter-user interference. Moreover, by using a specific characteristic of the reference signal design, the performance gain can be further improved.
Inhibition in Human Breast Cancer Cells 2-induced Growth β Acid-and Transforming Growth Factor Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 Mediates Retinoic Updated

Retinoic acid (RA) is a potent in vitro inhibitor of cell proliferation in various malignant cell lines. The exact mechanisms of its actions, however, are not fully understood. To further elucidate the nature of this inhibition, we investigated the effects of RA in an estrogen receptor-negative human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. RA (0.01-5 /UM) significantly in hibited MDA-MB-231 cell growth by 3540% as compared with untreated controls. Similar growth inhibitory actions were observed when cells were treated with transforming growth factor ÃŸ2(TGF-ÃŸ2), another factor with antiproliferative actions in breast cancer cells. Both RA and TGF-02 increased the levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) 3 (2-3-fold) and mRNA (1.5-2-fold), whereas IGFBP-4 levels remained essentially unchanged. The direct involvement of IGFBP-3 in cell growth inhibition was further confirmed by its action on cell growth: exogenous IGFBP-3 directly and significantly inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell number by 40%. These results provided circumstantial evidence that IGFBP-3 may mediate RA and TGF-ÃŸ2growth inhibitory actions in human breast cancer cells. To test this hypothesis, we used an antisense IGFBP-3 oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) which specifically inhibits IGFBP-3 expression. The antisense IGFBP-3 ODN dramatically blocked both RAand TGF-ÃŸ2-induced in creases in IGFBP-3 protein (90%) and mRNA levels (90%). This effect was not observed when RAor TGF-ÃŸ2-exposed cells were treated with sense IGFBP-3 ODN. Moreover, antisense ODN did not significantly affect IGFBP-4 protein or mRNA levels, strongly supporting the specific ity of the antisense IGFBP-3 ODN effect on IGFBP-3 mRNA. This specific effect of antisense IGFBP-3 ODN on IGFBP-3 protein and mRNA levels was accompanied by significant attenuation of the inhibition of cell proliferation attained with RA or TGF-ÃŸ2(approximately 40% of either RAor TGF-ÃŸ2-induced inhibition). The control sense IGFBP-3 ODN did not reduce the growth inhibition observed with either RA or TGF-02. These results indicate that IGFBP-3 is an important mediator of RAand TGF-02-induced cell growth inhibition in human breast cancer cells.
User responses to prosodic variation in fragmentary grounding utterances in dialog

In a previous study we demonstrated that subjects could use prosodic features (primarily peak height and alignment) to make different interpretations of synthesized fragmentary grounding utterances. In the present study we test the hypothesis that subjects also change their behavior accordingly in a human-computer dialog setting. We report on an experiment in which subjects participate in a color-naming task in a Wizard-of-Oz controlled human-computer dialog in Swedish. The results show that two annotators were able to categorize the subjects’ responses based on pragmatic meaning. Moreover, the subjects’ response times differed significantly, depending on the prosodic features of the grounding fragment spoken by the system. Index terms: dialog systems, prosody, error handling
Predicting Corporate Performance From Organizational Culture

This article investigates the relationships of culture strength and two substantive cultural values with corporate performance. Culture strength is measured by the consistency of responses to survey items across people and the two cultural values are measured by items on the survey that relate to either adaptability or stability. The data, from management surveys of 11 US insurance companies in 1981, were correlated with asset and premium growth rates from 1982 to 1987. Results indicate that both a strong culture regardless of content and a substantive value placed on adaptability are associated with better performance for two to three subsequent years on both criterion measures. The results support the findings of Denison (1990) that strength of culture is predictive of short‐term performance. The present results, however, suggest a more complex contingency model than that proposed by Denison.
From York to New Earswick: Reforming Working-Class Homes, 1899-1914

How to improve the lives of the working class and the poor in Britain has been a key concern for social reformers, architects and designers, and local and national governments throughout twentieth century, but the origins of this were in the preceding century. From the middle of the nineteenth century, reformers had understood the necessity of improving the living conditions, diet and material environment of those with low incomes. Housing, at the core of this, was increasingly a political issue, but as this case study of the development of a garden village in the North of England demonstrates, it was also a moral and aesthetic one.
Environmentalism in Australia: elites and the public

Political elites (federal candidates) from all parties in Australia exhibit more favourable attitudes toward the environment than voters. Nevertheless, the magnitude of these elite-public differences are declining over time as 'the environment' has become a mainstream political issue. The level of environmental activism among the political elite is on the rise, both within and across party boundaries, indicating an increasing acceptability of 'the environment' among politicians. On the other hand, there is some evidence of a decline in environmental group membership and a shift in the issue priorities of environmental groups, with members now increasingly supportive of 'green green' environmental issues. There is also tentative evidence to suggest that as a mobilising agent for activism 'the environment' is in decline, as environmental issues become 'routinised' and ensconced in mainstream political culture.1
A Polygenic Hypothesis for Sex Determination in the European Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Polygenic sex determination, although suspected in several species, is thought to be evolutionarily unstable and has been proven in very few cases. In the European sea bass, temperature is known to influence the sex ratio. We set up a factorial mating, producing 5.893 individuals from 253 full-sib families, all reared in a single batch to avoid any between-families environmental effects. The proportion of females in the offspring was 18.3%, with a large variation between families. Interpreting sex as a threshold trait, the heritability estimate was 0.62 ± 0.12. The observed distribution of family sex ratios was in accordance with a polygenic model or with a four-sex-factors system with environmental variance and could not be explained by any genetic model without environmental variance. We showed that there was a positive genetic correlation between weight and sex (rA = 0.50 ± 0.09), apart from the phenotypic sex dimorphism in favor of females. This supports the hypothesis that a minimum size is required for sea bass juveniles to differentiate as females. An evolution of sex ratio by frequency-dependent selection is expected during the domestication process of Dicentrarchus labrax populations, raising concern about the release of such fish in the wild.
Analysis of the widely linear complex Kalman filter

The augmented complex Kalman filter (ACKF) has been recently proposed for the modeling of noncircular complex-valued signals for which widely linear modelling is more suitable than a strictly linear model. This has been achieved in the context of neural network training, however, the extent to which the ACKF outperforms the conventional complex Kalman filter (CCKF) in standard adaptive filtering applications remains unclear. In this paper, we show analytically that the ACKF algorithm achieves a lower mean squared error than the CCKF algorithm for noncircular signals. The analysis is supported by illustrative simulations. (4 pages)