Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implicit and Explicit Memory for Visual and Haptic Objects: Cross-Modal Priming Depends on Structural Descriptions

Previous research on cross-modal priming has used verbal stimuli presented to vision and audition. This study examined whether priming is modality specific and whether there are dissociations between several implicit and explicit memory measures when familiar objects are presented to vision and touch. The experiments showed significant priming between and within modalities. Experiment 1 showed similar presemantic priming between and within modalities. Experiment 2 found robust cross-modal priming using 2 different implicit memory tests: picture-fragment completion and object decision. However, priming was greater when pictures were presented at study and test than when visual or haptic objects were given at study and pictures were shown at test. Conversely, the study of objects haptically or visually enhanced free recall. Experiment 3 found that within- and cross-modal priming were both unaffected by study-test delay. The findings suggest that similar structural descriptions mediate object priming in vision and touch. The goal of this study was to explore whether the perceptual representations of visual and haptic real objects that mediate priming are modality specific and how this represented information is accessed under implicit and explicit conditions. Graf and Schacter (1985) used the terms implicit and explicit to refer to two different ways of accessing prior acquired information, as well as the forms in which memory is expressed. Explicit memory for objects is related to conscious recollection of previous experience with the objects. In contrast, implicit memory is unveiled when previous experiences with the objects do not require conscious or intentional recollection of previously perceived information (Schacter, 1987). Implicit memory is usually assessed by showing repetition priming effects, which mean better performance in accuracy or response time for stimuli that have been
Induction of Maturogenesis by Partial Pulpotomy: 1 Year Follow-Up

In cariously exposed immature permanent teeth, the treatment choice is controversial in pediatric dentistry. Radical root canal treatment usually appears to be the solution for these teeth. Even partial pulpotomy is a vital treatment for traumatically exposed immature permanent teeth; extending the borders of indication towards cariously exposed immature permanent teeth with reversible pulpitis may abolish the necessity of pulpectomy. This article describes the partial pulpotomy of a cariously affected immature permanent teeth and the follow-up for 1 year. A healthy 11-year-old male patient was referred to Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Pediatric Dentistry. The patient had reversible pulpitis symptoms on teeth numbered 45. At radiographic examination, immature apex and deep caries lesion were observed and partial pulpotomy was performed by using calcium hydroxide to maintain vitality of the pulp and allow continued development of root dentin expecting the root will attain full maturity. Clinical and radiographic follow-up demonstrated a vital pulp besides not only closure of the apex (apexogenesis), but also physiologic root development (maturogenesis) after 1 year. Partial pulpotomy is an optional treatment for cariously exposed immature permanent teeth for preserving vitality and physiological root development.
Isolation and characterization of the Bacillus subtilis sigma 28 factor

RNA polymerase preparations isolated from vegetatively growing Bacillus subtilis cells contain the core subunits beta, beta', and alpha, together with multiple sigma factors and other core-associated polypeptides such as delta, omega 1, and omega 2. We have developed an improved, large-scale purification procedure that yields RNA polymerase fractions enriched in both the sigma 28 and delta proteins. These fractions have been used to isolate sigma 28 protein for biochemical characterization and for preparation of highly specific anti-sigma 28 antisera. The amino acid composition of purified sigma 28 protein and the amino acid sequences of tryptic peptide fragments have been determined. Anti-sigma 28 antisera specifically inhibit transcription by the purified sigma 28 -dependent RNA polymerase, yet do not affect transcription by sigma 43 -dependent RNA polymerase. Immunochemical analysis confirms that the sigma 28 protein copurifies with total RNA polymerase activity through the majority of the purification procedure and allows the steps when sigma 28 protein is lost to be identified and optimized. Immunochemical techniques have also been used to monitor the structure and abundance of the sigma 28 protein in vivo. A single form of antibody-reactive protein was detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-isoelectric focusing. Its abundance corresponds to a maximal content of 220 molecules of sigma 28 per B. subtilis cell during late-logarithmic-phase growth.
Brain enabled mechanized speech synthesizer using Brain Mobile Interface

: Communication is easily evoked when the necessity to carry out the thoughts and vision arises. As the communication technology developed it cultivated the threats of information security, on the other hand physically challenged people have no possibility to communicate freely hence the urge for development in the field of communication is necessary in present scenario. Aim of this work is to propose a system that improves the present communication system. Here we had put forward the concept of Brain Mobile Interface (BMI) from the basis of Brain Computer Interface (BCI). BMI serves as a device to translate human thoughts about speech without the need of physical movement. Wireless EEG headsets are used to acquire the speech signals directly from the brain and after signal processing it is given to the mobile which consist of inbuilt speller application. With the help of speller application the message to be conveyed is acquired as text which is then converted into speech by means of text to speech converter.
Discovery of variable circular polarization from the remnant of Nova Chamaeleontis 1953 (RR Cha)

We report on the discovery of variable circular polarization from the remnant of Nova Chamaeleontis 1953 (RR Cha). The circular polarization appears to be modulated on the spin period of the primary and harmonics of the positive superhump period, with an amplitude peak-to-peak of almost ∼10 per cent with both negative and positive polarization. A recent study by Woudt & Warner of RR Cha shows it to have both positive and negative superhumps, indicating the presence of a precessing/tilted accretion disc. In addition, they also find a stable period at 1950 s, characteristic of an intermediate polar. RR Cha also shows deep eclipses with variable depth. We propose a possible explanation for the origin of the polarized emission. We assume that it is of cyclotron origin. The variations of the circular polarization with the proposed spin period are caused by the rotation of the compact object. The long-period variability arises as a result of a precessing/tilted accretion disc, periodically obscuring either of two accretion regions on the surface of the white dwarf. We also point out several similarities of RR Cha to the SW Sex stars. The lack of a time-resolved spectroscopic study prevents any conclusion regarding its possible SW Sex nature. Hence such spectroscopic study is encouraged. RR Cha is the second old nova exhibiting variable circular polarization, and we therefore encourage polarimetric observations of other nova remnants.
SEX‐RATIO ADJUSTMENT WHEN RELATIVES INTERACT: A TEST OF CONSTRAINTS ON ADAPTATION

Abstract Studies of sex allocation offer excellent opportunities for examining the constraints and limits on adaptation. A major topic of debate within this field concerns the extent to which the ability of individuals to adaptively manipulate their offspring sex ratio is determined by constraints such as the method of sex determination. We address this problem by comparing the extent of sex‐ratio adjustment across taxa with different methods of sex determination, under the common selective scenario of interactions between relatives. These interactions comprise the following: local resource competition (LRC), local mate competition (LMC), and local resource enhancement (LRE). We found that: (1) species with supposedly constraining methods of sex determination showed consistent sex‐ratio adjustment in the predicted direction; (2) vertebrates with chromosomal sex determination (CSD) showed less adjustment then haplodiploid invertebrates; (3) invertebrates with possibly constraining sex‐determination mechanisms (CSD and pseudo‐arrhenotoky) did not show less adjustment then haplodiploid invertebrates; (4) greater sex‐ratio adjustment was seen in response to LRC and LMC than LRE; (5) greater sex‐ratio adjustment was seen in response to interactions between relatives (LRC, LMC, and LRE) compared to responses to other environmental factors. Our results also illustrate the problem that sex‐determination mechanism and selective pressure are confounded across taxa because vertebrates with CSD are influenced primarily by LRE whereas invertebrates are influenced by LRC and LMC. Overall, our analyses suggest that sex‐allocation theory needs to consider simultaneously the influence of variable selection pressures and variable constraints when applying general theory to specific cases.
Who's in Charge? An Empirical Study of Executive Staffing Practices in Foreign Subsidiaries

This study investigates executive staffing practices in foreign subsidiaries of multinational corporations. Grounded in a literature review of the reasons for employing either parent country nationals or host country nationals in top management positions in foreign subsidiaries, a number of factors influencing the choice between these alternatives are identified. Using a combination of an archival and mail survey research method, the influence of each of these factors is empirically tested with a sample of nearly 3000 observations. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
T Cells Compete for Access to Antigen-Bearing Antigen-Presenting Cells

These studies tested whether antigenic competition between T cells occurs. We generated CD8+ T cell responses in H-2b mice against the dominant ovalbumin epitope SIINFEKL (ova8) and subdominant epitope KRVVFDKL, using either vaccinia virus expressing ovalbumin (VV-ova) or peptide-pulsed dendritic cells. CD8+ T cell responses were visualized by major histocompatibility complex class I–peptide tetrameric molecules. Transfer of transgenic T cells with high affinity for ova8 (OT1 T cells) completely inhibited the response of host antigen-specific T cells to either antigen, demonstrating that T cells can directly compete with each other for response to antigen. OT1 cells also inhibited CD8+ T cell responses to an unrelated peptide, SIYRYGGL, providing it was presented on the same dendritic cells as ova8. These inhibitions were not due to a more rapid clearance of virus or antigen-presenting cells (APCs) by the OT1 cells. Rather, the inhibition was caused by competition for antigen and antigen-bearing cells, since it could be overcome by the injection of large numbers of antigen-pulsed dendritic cells. These results imply that common properties of T cell responses, such as epitope dominance and secondary response affinity maturation, are the result of competitive interactions between antigen-bearing APC and T cell subsets.
Galectins in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex and common systemic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and hyperplasia. Multiple proteins, cells, and pathways have been identified to contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. Galectins are a group of lectins that bind to β-galactoside carbohydrates on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. They are expressed in a wide variety of tissues and organs with the highest expression in the immune system. Galectins are potent immune regulators and modulate a range of pathological processes, such as inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer. Accumulated evidence shows that several family members of galectins play positive or negative roles in the disease development of RA, through their effects on T and B lymphocytes, myeloid lineage cells, and fibroblast-like synoviocytes. In this review, we will summarize the function of different galectins in immune modulation and their distinct roles in RA pathogenesis.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to prevent hepatitis C virus infection in people who inject drugs.

INTRODUCTION High rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission are found in samples of people who inject drugs (PWID) throughout the world. The objective of this paper was to meta-analyze the effects of risk-reduction interventions on HCV seroconversion and identify the most effective intervention types. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished studies. Eligible studies reported on the association between participation in interventions intended to reduce unsafe drug injection and HCV seroconversion in samples of PWID. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 26 eligible studies of behavioral interventions, substance-use treatment, syringe access, syringe disinfection, and multicomponent interventions. Interventions using multiple combined strategies reduced risk of seroconversion by 75% (pooled relative risk, .25; 95% confidence interval, .07-.83). Effects of single-method interventions ranged from . 6 to 1.6. CONCLUSIONS Interventions using strategies that combined substance-use treatment and support for safe injection were most effective at reducing HCV seroconversion. Determining the effective dose and combination of interventions for specific subgroups of PWID is a research priority. However, our meta-analysis shows that HCV infection can be prevented in PWID.
A rating aggregation method for generating product reputations

Many websites offer the opportunity for customers to rate items and then use customers' ratings to generate items reputation, which can be used later by other users for decision making purposes. The aggregated value of the ratings per item represents the reputation of this item. The accuracy of the reputation scores is important as it is used to rank items. Most of the aggregation methods didn't consider the frequency of distinct ratings and they didn't test how accurate their reputation scores over different datasets with different sparsity. In this work we propose a new aggregation method which can be described as a weighted average, where weights are generated using the normal distribution. The evaluation result shows that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods over different sparsity datasets.
Yoga in Correctional Settings: A Randomized Controlled Study

Background The effect of yoga in the reduction of depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, anger as well as in the increased ability of behavioral control has been shown. These effects of yoga are highly relevant for prison inmates who often have poor mental health and low impulse control. While it has been shown that yoga and meditation can be effective in improving subjective well-being, mental health, and executive functioning within prison populations, only a limited number of studies have proved this, using randomized controlled settings. Methods A total of 152 participants from nine Swedish correctional facilities were randomly assigned to a 10-week yoga group (one class a week; N = 77) or a control group (N = 75). Before and after the intervention period, participants answered questionnaires measuring stress, aggression, affective states, sleep quality, and psychological well-being and completed a computerized test measuring attention and impulsivity. Results After the intervention period, significant improvements were found on 13 of the 16 variables within the yoga group (e.g., less perceived stress, better sleep quality, an increased psychological and emotional well-being, less aggressive, and antisocial behavior) and on two within the control group. Compared to the control group, yoga class participants reported significantly improved emotional well-being and less antisocial behavior after 10 weeks of yoga. They also showed improved performance on the computerized test that measures attention and impulse control. Conclusion It can be concluded that the yoga practiced in Swedish correctional facilities has positive effects on inmates’ well-being and on considerable risk factors associated with recidivism, such as impulsivity and antisocial behavior. Accordingly, the results show that yoga practice can play an important part in the rehabilitation of prison inmates.
An efficient algorithm for K shortest simple paths

This article gives an efficient algorithm for obtaining K shortest simple paths between two specified nodes in an undirected graph G with non-negative edge lengths. Letting n be the number of nodes and m be the number of edges in G, its running time is O(Kc(n, m)) if the shortest paths from one node to all the other nodes are obtained in c(n, m) [≥O(m)] time, and the required space is O(Kn + m). This time bound is better than those realized by existing algorithms, the best of which, proposed by Yen, requires O(Kn3) time, since c(n, m) ≤min[O(n2), O(m log n)] is known.
Reduced complexity of decoding algorithm for irregular LDPC codes using Split Row method

A reduced complexity LDPC decoding method for regular LDPC code is extended to irregular LDPC codes; we present in this paper a full description of this method and its benefits for various row weight and length code word. The Split-Row method makes column processing parallelism easier to exploit and significantly simplifies row processors. Simulation results over an additive white Gaussian channel show that the error performance of high row-weight codes with Split-Row decoding is within 0.3–0.5 dB of the Min-Sum algorithm.
Aversive Workplace Conditions and Employee Grievance Filing: The Moderating Effects of Gender and Ethnicity

Studies examining the direct effects of employee demographic differences on grievance filing have yielded mixed results. Moreover, little is known regarding the possible moderating effect that such differences might have on the link between workplace adversity and grievance filing. Using a sample of 866 blue-collar workers drawn from four unions, we examine the potential moderating effects of gender and race/ethnicity. Our findings suggest that while gender and ethnicity are not significantly associated with perceptions of workplace adversity, grievance filing in response to certain forms of adversity is amplified among women (as compared to men) and among African Americans and Hispanics (as compared to whites). The meaning and implications of these findings are discussed.
Comprehensive definitions of breakdown points for independent and dependent observations

Summary. We provide a new definition of breakdown in finite samples, with an extension to asymptotic breakdown. Previous definitions centre on defining a critical region for either the parameter or the objective function. If for a particular outlier configuration the critical region is entered, breakdown is said to occur. In contrast with the traditional approach, we leave the definition of the critical region implicit. Our proposal encompasses previous definitions of breakdown in linear and non‐linear regression settings. In some cases, it leads to a different and more intuitive notion of breakdown than other procedures that are available. An important advantage of our new definition is that it also applies to models for dependent observations where current definitions of breakdown typically fail. We illustrate our suggestion by using examples from linear and non‐linear regression, and time series.
Analysis of Hepatitis Dataset by Decision Tree Graph-Based Induction

We analyzed the hepatitis data by Decision Tree Graph- Based Induction (DT-GBI), which constructs a decision tree for graph- structured data while simultaneously constructing attributes for classifi- cation. An attribute at each node in the decision tree is a discriminative pattern (subgraph) in the input graph, and extracted by Graph-Based Induction (GBI). We conducted four kinds of experiments using only the time-series data of blood inspection and urinalysis. In the first and second experiments, the stages of fibrosis were used as classes and a deci- sion tree was constructed for discriminating patients with F4 (cirrhosis) from patients with the other stages. In the third experiment, the types of hepatitis (B and C) were used as classes, and in the fourth experiment the effectiveness of interferon therapy was used as the class label. The preliminary results of experiments, both constructed decision trees and their predictive accuracies, are reported in this paper.
Design and Comparison of Simulated Annealing Algorithm and GRASP to Minimize Makespan in Single Machine Scheduling with Unrelated Parallel Machines

This paper discusses design and comparison of Simulated Annealing Algorithm and Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) to minimize the makespan in scheduling n single operation independent jobs on m unrelated parallel machines. This problem of minimizing the makespan in single machine scheduling problem with uniform parallel machines is NP hard. Hence, heuristic development for such problem is highly inevitable. In this paper, two different Meta-heuristics to minimize the makespan of the assumed problem are designed and they are compared in terms of their solutions. In the first phase, the simulated annealing algorithm is presented and then GRASP (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search procedure) is presented to minimize the makespan in the single machine scheduling problem with unrelated parallel machines. It is found that the simulated annealing algorithm performs better than GRASP.
Structural assessment of cost of quality

Evolving accreditation standards require that software engineering programs, and perhaps even individual courses, demonstrate that students acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to participate effectively in professional practice. To this end, we must be able to assess our students to determine if we have achieved these goals. More problematic, in the assessment realm, is the difference between "knowledge in the head" and "knowledge in practice". We need assessment methods to help us account for not only what is known, but how it is known. Structural assessment may represent a valuable resource in this endeavor. This method assesses a student's knowledge of the relationships among concepts, methodologies, and problems within a particular domain, and may well illuminate the issues that require our attention. Through the use of concept maps, a particular method for representing and conveying structural knowledge, the assessment can be based upon the differences between learner's and expert's structural knowledge. In this paper, we detail our plan to develop and use structural assessment of cost of quality in undergraduate software engineering.