Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive appraisals and information-seeking achievement emotions: a qualitative study of Swedish primary teacher students

PurposePrimary teachers play a vital role in fostering pupils' successful futures. Therefore, gaining knowledge of primary teacher students' learning processes, including the achievement of information-seeking skills, is crucial. The aim of this paper is to understand better the interplay between cognitive appraisals and emotions in the constructivist process of learning and achieving information-seeking skills.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with six Swedish primary teacher students. The analysis of qualitative data was deductive and theory-driven, guided by Kuhlthau's information search process model, Scherer's semantic space of emotions and Pekrun's control-value theory of achievement emotions.FindingsAnger/frustration, enjoyment and boredom were identified as activity emotions and anxiety, hopelessness and hope as prospective outcome emotions. The retrospective outcome emotions found were pride, joy, gratitude, surprise and relief. The appraisals eliciting the achievement emotions were the control appraisals uncertainty/certainty (activity and prospective outcome) and oneself/other (retrospective), and value appraisals negative/positive intrinsic motivation (activity) and failure/success (prospective and retrospective). The interplay between appraisals and emotions was complex and dynamic. The processes were individually unique, non-linear and iterative, and the appraisals did not always elicit emotions.Originality/valueThe study has theoretical and methodological implications for information behaviour research in its application of appraisal theories and the Geneva affect label coder. In addition, it has practical implications for academic librarians teaching information-seeking skills.
Drug delivery methods based on nanotechnology for the treatment of eye diseases

One of the most difficult tasks among the numerous medication delivery methods is ocular drug delivery. Despite having effective medications for treating ocular illness, we have not yet managed to develop an appropriate drug delivery strategy with the fewest side effects. Nanotechnology has the potential to significantly address the drawbacks of current ocular delivery systems, such as their insufficient therapeutic effectiveness and unfavourable side effects from invasive surgery or systemic exposure. The objective of the current research is to highlight and update the most recent developments in nano-based technologies for the detection and treatment of ocular diseases. Even if more work has to be done, the advancements shown here might lead to brand-new, very practical ocular nanomedicines.
Statistical Modelling of Cardiovascular Data . An Introduction to Linear Mixed Models

Most of statistical approaches in cardiovascular research were based on variance analysis (ANOVA). However, most of the time, the assumption that data are independent is violated since several measures are performed on the same subject (repeated measures). In addition, the presence of intraand inter-observers variability can potentially obscure significant differences. The linear mixed model (LMM) is an extended multivariate linear regression method of analysis that accounts for both fixed and random effects. LMM allows for addressing incomplete design cases. In this paper, LMM was applied to two sets of cardiovascular research data and compared to ANOVA. The first example is an analysis of heart rate in mice after atropine and propranolol injections. LMM shows an important mouse random effects that depends on pharmacological treatment and provides with accurate estimates for each significant experimental factors. When randomly suppressing observations from the data sets (20-30%) the time factor of Anova model becomes non significant while LMM still remains significant. The second exa mple is the analysis of isolated coronary-perfused pressure of transgenic mice hearts. LMM evidenced a significant transgenic effect in both male and female animals, while, with ANOVA, the transgenic effects was limited to male mice only. In both cases, as compared to ANOVA, the LMM separately accounts for fixed and random effects, allowing thus for studying more adequately incomplete designs on repeated measures. 1 INRIA Rhône-Alpes, 655 avenue de l’Europe, 38334 Saint Ismier, CEDEX, France. {Paulo.Goncalves, Christian.Lavergne}@inria.fr 2 U572-INSERM. Hôpital Lariboisière. 41 Bd de la Chapelle 75475. Paris Cedex 10, France. {Christophe.Lenoir, Christophe.Heymes, Bernard.Swynghedauw}@larib.inserm. fr
How Has Business Communication Changed in the Last 4,000 Years?

Understanding how language is used in specific contexts and the reasons for this can be helped by examining historical change in genres. In this study focusing on business communication, texts serving the same purpose of demanding payment for a debt but separated by 4,000 years are analysed. The ancient text is a Sumerian cuneiform tablet which is compared to two modern model business letters. The texts are investigated through a genre analysis focusing on functions and linguistic features and a multidimensional register analysis. Both analyses produce similar results with the main exception being the sequencing of functions. The lack of much meaningful change in business communication in the last 4,000 years is likely to be due to the dominant influence of communicative purposes in guiding how language is used.
Adverse slope density flow and its ecological effect on the algae bloom in Xiangxi Bay of TGR during the reservoir impounding at the end of flood season

The flow velocity and the water quality parameters in the Xiangxi Bay were continuously monitored during the impounding of Three Gorges Rreservoir(TGR) from Sept.25,2007 to Oct.16,2007.The results show that the water of the mainstream of TGR flowed backward into the Xiangxi Bay in density current in different plunging depth,early at the bottom,later at the middle depth and on the surface at the end,which was caused by the water temperature difference and turbidity difference between the main stream of the TGR and the Xiangxi Bay.The surface water velocity of the Xiangxi Bay was accelerated by density flow,which may transport the phytoplankton algae out of the bay and control the breaking out of autumn algae in Xiangxi Bay effectively.
Multispectral Plant Disease Detection with Vision Transformer–Convolutional Neural Network Hybrid Approaches

Plant diseases pose a critical threat to global agricultural productivity, demanding timely detection for effective crop yield management. Traditional methods for disease identification are laborious and require specialised expertise. Leveraging cutting-edge deep learning algorithms, this study explores innovative approaches to plant disease identification, combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs) to enhance accuracy. A multispectral dataset was meticulously collected to facilitate this research using six 50 mm filter filters, covering both the visible and several near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. Among the models employed, ViT-B16 notably achieved the highest test accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score across all filters, with averages of 83.3%, 90.1%, 90.75%, and 89.5%, respectively. Furthermore, a comparative analysis highlights the pivotal role of balanced datasets in selecting the appropriate wavelength and deep learning model for robust disease identification. These findings promise to advance crop disease management in real-world agricultural applications and contribute to global food security. The study underscores the significance of machine learning in transforming plant disease diagnostics and encourages further research in this field.
Profile Distribution of Carbon Fractions Under Long‐term Rice‐wheat and Maize‐wheat Production in Alfisols and Inceptisols of Northwest India

The knowledge of profile distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) in long‐term agricultural systems could help to store atmospheric carbon in the soil. We investigated profile distribution of easily oxidisable Walkley–Black SOC pool (SOCWB) under long‐term rice‐wheat (R‐W) and maize‐wheat (M‐W) cropping systems under soils of different pedogenesis. The soil samples were collected from the characteristic genetic horizons and analysed for carbon fractions. The SOCWB was the highest in soils under R‐W systems in both Alfisols and Inceptisols. The SOCWB stock in the deeper profile horizons under R‐W system was significantly (p < 0·05) higher than that under M‐W system especially in Typic Hapludalfs. Long‐term R‐W system could store on average 3·55 Mg ha−1 more SOCWB than M‐W system in the Ap horizon. The SOCWB stock in the Ap horizon of all pedons was significantly (p < 0·05) higher in Alfisols than that in Inceptisols. About 60–90% of the total profile SOCWB stock was contributed by B‐horizon because of its greater extent. Considering the whole profile, clay was negatively correlated with SOC fractions; however, the SOC fractions were closely related to each other. This study reveals that the distribution of SOCWB is different in long‐term R‐W and M‐W systems not only in surface but also in the deeper horizons and the magnitude of the variation is influenced by the specific pedogenic processes. This indicates the significance of profile SOCWB stock instead of topsoil SOCWB stock in quantifying carbon retention potential of the long‐term management practices. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Critical bed shear for initial movement of sediments on a combined lateral and longitudinal slope

An experimental study on critical bed shear-stress for initial movement of non-cohesive sediment particles under a steady-uniform stream flow on a combined lateral (across the flow direction) and longitudinal (streamwise direction) sloping bed is presented. The aim of this paper is to ascertain that the critical bed shear-stress on a combined lateral and longitudinal sloping bed is adequately represented by the product of critical bed shear-stress ratios for lateral and longitudinal sloping beds. Experiments were carried out with closed-conduit flow, in two ducts having a semicircular invert section, with three sizes of sediments. In laboratory flumes, the uniform flow is a difficult - if not impossible - proposition for a steeply sloping channel, and is impossible to obtain in an adversely sloping channel. To avoid this problem, the experiments were conducted with a closed-conduit flow. The critical bed shear-stresses for experimental runs were estimated from side-wall correction. The experimental data agree satisfactorily with the results obtained from the proposed formula.
Landing wise program: feasibility study protocol for Parkinson’s disease

Regardless of the benefits of fall prevention programs, people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) will still fall. Therefore, it is crucial to explore novel therapeutic approaches that are well-accepted and effective for addressing fall risk and the fear of falls among this population. The present study aims to assess the feasibility of the Landing Wise program as a therapeutic intervention for reducing the fear of falling in people with PD. A mixed-methods study will be conducted using convenience sampling to recruit 20 people with PD with a moderate concern of falling from a Parkinson’s Patients Association. In addition to usual care, participants will attend 2 days per week, 90 min group sessions for 8 weeks. The intervention combines group cognitive behavioral intervention with the training of safe landing strategies. Feasibility will be assessed by six key domains (recruitment strategy and rates, enrollment, retention, acceptability, reasons for decline/withdrawal, and adverse events). Quantitative data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics to characterize the sample, followed by inferential statistics to evaluate differences in the Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International Scale, Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Timed Up Go, 6-Minutes Walking Distance, and fall frequency and severity scores between baseline and final assessment. Qualitative data will be analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis process. There is a growing interest in developing new effective therapeutic approaches for people with PD. If proven program feasibility, this study precedes a randomized controlled trial to establish the effectiveness of the Landing Wise program.
Exploiting artificial reflectors for SAR interferometry applications

This work is devoted to experiment the use of artificial reflectors, both passive and active, for supporting the displacement measurements derived through multi-temporal SAR interferometry (MTInSAR). An experimental site has been set up by deploying two corner reflectors (CRs) and three active reflectors. Each CR consists of three triangular metal panels whose internal leg is respectively 69.5 cm (CR0) and 1.05 m (CR1), welded perpendicularly to each other to form a trihedral shape. Concerning the active reflectors, one is a C-band Electronic Corner Reflector (ECR-C), which is compatible with operation frequency of Sentinel-1, while the other two are Active Radar calibrators (ARC) designed in the early ‘90s for supporting the calibration of SAR sensors operating at C-band (ARC-C) and X-band (ARC-X). ECR-C and ARC-C have been tuned to work with the Sentinel-1 C-band SAR mission, while ARC-X has been exploited for working with COSMO-SkyMED X-band constellation. Ascending and descending data acquired by COSMO-SkyMED and Sentinel-1 have been processed through the SPINUA MTInSAR algorithm, then time series of both SAR amplitude and displacement values have been analysed for comparing results from CRs of different sizes and active reflectors. Generally, we found a good agreement between the measured and the nominal expected backscattered signals (both in amplitude and phase). The CR size impacts on the signal quality: CR0 is smaller and so noisier and more exposed to interaction with both ERC-C and urban structures than CR1. Phase stability of active reflectors is sometimes below the expected value. This instrumented test site will be proposed as an open experimental site by providing open data for testing and validating interferometric techniques.
Detecting Cybersecurity Threats using AI Network

Finding a method to quickly and efficiently identify online hazards is one of the most crucial issues in the world of cybersecurity. This study demonstrates a novel approach to identifying internet threats using artificial intelligence and artificial neural networks. The suggested method significantly increases the ability to identify cyber threats by breaking down a huge number of security events into individual event profiles and using a deep learning-based detection mechanism. AI-SIEM (Artificial Intelligence Security Information and Event Management) has been developed as a means of achieving this. This system integrates multiple artificial neural network methods, such as Fully Connected Neural Networks (FCNN), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, with event profiling for data preparation.
Exploring the effects of positive emotions and attribution on helping behaviors after exposure to meaningful and pleasurable movies

ABSTRACT This study examined whether elevation elicited by meaningful movie clips led to helping regardless of whether a stranger’s need for help is attributed to a controllable or an uncontrollable cause. It also compared elevation against positive-valenced affective state in facilitating prosocial behavior. A randomized, between-subject laboratory experiment was conducted with 208 undergraduate participants in the United States approximately one week after they completed a pretest survey. Although participants experienced the induced emotional state, neither of these two types of positive emotions explained their helping behavior. This points to the nuanced nature of the relationships between positive emotions and helping. The role of media content types, attribution, and prosocial personality are also discussed.
Pregnancy‐specific dietary guidelines for Americans are not met: Findings from a pilot study

Abstract Objective To assess maternal dietary intake during pregnancy and adherence to the 2020–2025 pregnancy‐specific Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). Methods This was a retrospective observational study. The study population consisted of women who gave birth to term infants (>37 weeks of gestation). Participants were given the Dietary Screener Questionnaire (DSQ) after birth and asked to recall their dietary intake in the last month of pregnancy. Participants' estimated dietary intakes were then compared to the 2020–2025 DGA which includes specific recommendations for pregnant women. Results Out of 51 women who completed the DSQ, none consumed the recommended amounts of all surveyed dietary factors. Specifically, only one woman (2%) met the recommended intake of fruits, 11 women (22%) met the recommended intake of calcium, 25 women (49%) exceeded the recommended upper limit for added sugar intake, and none of the women (0%) met the intake of vegetables, whole grains, dairy and fiber. Conclusion Women in our study did not adhere to the pregnancy‐specific DGA recommendations in the last month of pregnancy. Our findings underscore the need to increase maternal nutritional awareness and education to improve adherence to the DGA.
Determination of the type of atmospheric turbulence based on the meteorological measurements data receiving in real time mode

In order to develop the method, the possibilities of determining the type of atmospheric turbulence (Kolmogorov, coherent, etc.) based on meteorological measurements data, receiving from a weather station in real time were researched. To do this, a spectral analysis of successive samples is carried out by a time sliding-window from the continuously replenished assembly of meteorological elements values. The air temperature was selected from the meteorological elements to work out the method. The criterion for changing the types of turbulence is the value of the slope of the inertial interval of the temperature fluctuation spectrum, which is equal to «–5/3» under Kolmogorov turbulence, and «–8/3» under coherent turbulence. Using the method, it is possible to estimate the spatial dimensions of turbulence regions of a certain type based on information about wind velocity and duration of the registration time.
AdaBoost Algorithm-Based Channel Estimation: Enhanced Performance

A combination of a group of rules characterized by weakness and imprecision, to reach a prediction rule known for its high precision, forms the concept of boosting, a machine learning approach. From this concept, the Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm spun. It is the first of its kind, and remains in use, under study, and involved in practical applications in various fields to this day. This algorithm is involved in modulation techniques, as it works on improving the bit error rate (BER). Inputting a noisy signal received from a sender into AdaBoost yields the original signal after removing noise. This is done through the reconstruction of the constellation diagram of the modulation technique, by eliminating the noise filling the data’s signal space. The result is an enhancement of the BER of 8 quadrature amplitude modulation (8QAM) and 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM), through AdaBoost. The AdaBoost algorithm is then added to the channel estimation techniques like the Least Squares (LS), Least Mean Squares (LMS) and Recursive Least Squares (RLS) and is utilized to enhance the BER performance of different estimation techniques in a Rayleigh fading environment. The AdaBoost technique allows benefiting from its learning capabilities as a machine learning algorithm in overcoming the effect of noise and fading channel on the received signals.
Impermeable thin Al

To improve the hot corrosion resistance of YSZ thermal barrier coatings, a 25 m µ and a 2 m µ thick Al 2 O 3 overlay were deposited by HVOF thermal spray onto to the surface of YSZ coating. Oxidation at high temperature and hot corrosion tests showed that Al 2 O 3 overlay deposited on the YSZ TBCs surface can not only reduce the hot corrosion rate
The time perspective of ﬁnancial advisors and its effect on their decision-making

Psychological research suggests individuals often display past, present, or future time perspective (TP) biases that impact decision-making. This article examines the TP biases of ﬁnancial advisors from different backgrounds and whether or not the biases impact client recommendations. Consistent with literature that suggests a link between TP and career choice, advisors are future oriented as a group, regardless of their professional background. However, contrary to prior TP research, the bias does not appear to impact their professional decisions. Instead, the ﬁndings are consistent with research that demonstrates psychological biases are mitigated when professional decision makers perform job related tasks. © 2015 Academy of Financial Services. All rights reserved.
Determination of gas exchange rate constants for a small stream on Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee

The steady state tracer gas method was used to determine gas exchange rate constants (k) for a small stream (annual average flow ≤1 m3/min) draining the West Fork of Walker Branch watershed in eastern Tennessee. Chloride was used as a conservative tracer to account for dilution by lateral inflow, and propane and ethane were used as volatile tracers. Gas exchange rate constants for propane (kp) were about 100 d−1 over a wide range of flow conditions, while those for ethane (ke) were about 117 d1; an equivalent rate constant for O2 (KO2) would be about 118–139 d−1, depending on the method used for its calculation. These rate constants are much larger than those typically found in rivers and large streams. Much lower kp values (about 50d−1) were found during one experiment conducted at low flow with much of the stream surface covered with floating leaves. Nineteen previously published empirical equations were used to predict kO2 values for one 72m stream reach; agreement between the predicted and measured values was generally very poor, underscoring the importance of field-measured gas exchange rates in studies of the transport and fate of volatile compounds. Because ethane and propane have similar gas exchange rates and similar aqueous diffusion coefficients (ke/kp and De/Dp are both close to 1, where D is the compound's diffusion coefficient), accurate determination of the exponent n in the relationship ke/Kp− (De/Dp)n was not possible. The ratio ke/kp (1.17) is much closer to De/Dp (1.24) than to He/Hp (0.82, where H is the compound's Henry's law constant), suggesting that stripping of dissolved volatiles by air bubbles was not a dominant mode of gas exchange for the study stream.
Hot Desert Albedo and Climate Change: Mid-Holocene Monsoon in North Africa

Abstract Many models in the framework of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project have undertaken simulations of the mid-Holocene (6 kyr ago) climate change. Analysis of the results have mainly focused on the North African summer monsoon that was enhanced 6 kyr ago, in all models, in response to the prescribed enhanced summer insolation. The magnitude of the simulated increase in total rainfall is very different, however, among the models, and so is the prescribed mean hot desert albedo, which varies from 19% to 38%. The appropriate prescription of hot desert's brightness, in the simulation of present-day climate, is known to be a key parameter since the work of Charney, which has been confirmed by many subsequent studies. There is yet no consensus, however, on the albedo climatological values to be used by climate modelers. Here, it is questioned whether changes in the prescription of hot desert albedo may also affect the simulated intensity of climate change. Using the Laboratoire de Meteorolo.