Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Design and Implementation of Video Streaming Media System Based on the Mobile P 2 P Network

Compared with the traditional video streaming media system based on C/S mode, the video streaming media system based on P2P can efficiently solved the problems like single point of failure, high construction cost. Therefore, this study implemented a video streaming media system to provide the video streaming media service of high quality and large capacity. A mobile P2P video streaming media system architecture is firstly presented. Next, the design and implementation on the three modules, including server control program, client service program and client playing program, is introduced in detail. At last, the run results of each module as well are presented.
Contextual network navigation to provide situational awareness for network administrators

One of the goals of network administrators is to identify and block sources of attacks from a network steam. Various tools have been developed to help the administrator identify the IP or subnet to be blocked, however these tend to be non-visual. Having a good perception of the wider network can aid the administrator identify their origin, but while network maps of the Internet can be useful for such endeavors, they are difficult to construct, comprehend and even utilize in an attack, and are often referred to as being “hairballs”. We present a visualization technique that displays pathways back to the attacker; we include all potential routing paths with a best-efforts identification of the commercial relationships involved. These two techniques can potentially highlight common pathways and/or networks to allow faster, more complete resolution to the incident, as well as fragile or incomplete routing pathways to/from a network. They can help administrators re-profile their choice of IP transit suppliers to better serve a target audience.
HIV prevalence and influencing factors analysis of sentinel surveillance among men who have sex with men in China, 2003 - 2011.

BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men (MSM) have been impacted by HIV and now as an important driver of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in China. This study collected HIV sentinel surveillance system data on the MSM population to describe the characteristics and trends of the HIV epidemic among MSM in China from 2003 to 2011. METHODS Data on HIV prevalence and risk behaviors from 2003 to 2011 were obtained from the national HIV sentinel surveillance database. RESULTS MSM sentinel surveillance data for 2011 showed that proportions of MSM who consistently used condoms during anal sex in the last six months and at last anal sex encounter were 43.3% and 74.1%, respectively. Between 2005 and 2011 there were no significant changes in the proportion of consistent condom use. The proportion of MSM who had multiple male sex partners in the last six months increased. Overall HIV prevalence over the years showed a rising trend from 0.9% in 2003 to 6.3% in 2011. The syphilis antibody positive rate was 7.8% in 2011. In addition, the proportion of MSM in heterosexual marriages was rising, AIDS awareness was also increasing, and the proportion of MSM who had taken an HIV test in the last year and was aware of the results rose. The proportion who had received intervention services in the last year stabilized. CONCLUSIONS HIV prevalence in MSM populations is rapidly and widely distributed. MSM who are in heterosexual marriages may be a bridge group transmitting HIV to their heterosexual partners. The risky sexual behavior among MSM will remain a serious and important driver of China's AIDS epidemic over the next period of time. Intervention need to be strengthened, as does the effective implementation of measures to control AIDS and prevent it from spreading further.
REDES DE COOPERAÇÃO TRANSFRONTEIRIÇA, PARCERIAS E DESAFIOS DA GOVERNAÇÃO LOCAL / Cross-Border Cooperation Networks, Partnerships and the Challenges of Local Governance

A cooperacao transfronteirica e uma estrategia da Uniao Europeia (UE) para a integracao dos Estados membros e o desenvolvimento regional por meio da cooperacao entre actores nacionais e subnacionais. Para o efeito, foi proposto um modelo de governacao assente em parcerias de colaboracao. A dinâmica desenvolvida nas regioes transfronteiricas (em alguns casos, Euro-regioes) foi, em parte, o resultante das politicas, programas e recursos da UE, que favoreceram a criacao de estruturas de cooperacao entre municipios de Estados-membros vizinhos. Destaca-se, pela sua “longevidade institucional” e intensidade da cooperacao, a Euro-regiao Galiza-Norte de Portugal. Este artigo analisou o contributo do Eixo Atlântico para o incremento da cooperacao transfronteirica e da sua missao de “meta-rede”. A metodologia da pesquisa e um estudo de caso, realizado por meio de abordagem qualitativa de analise documental de pesquisas de campo e observacao participante de estudos realizados por varios academicos na ultima decada (2004-2013). Esse metodo permite confirmar que a cooperacao multinivel de base local (municipios) tem sido capaz de gerar novas redes de cooperacao multinivel e cooperacao publico-privada, para alem do seu âmbito geografico natural, cobrindo, actualmente, os territorios fronteiricos de Espanha e Portugal, bem como outras areas da fronteira do resto da UE. O resultado do estudo, e uma de suas principais conclusoes, e uma contribuicao para a definicao de um novo quadro de cooperacao transfronteirica mais aberto, baseado em redes de cooperacao locais, permitindo desenvolver uma nova perspectiva sobre a governacao multinivel, definido como a governacao transfronteirica.Palavras-chave: Cooperacao transfronteirica. Redes. Municipios. Uniao Europeia. Governacao local.
Earlier Evidence of Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis Fusion Correlates with Severity of Midface Hypoplasia in Patients with Syndromic Craniosynostosis

Background: The spheno-occipital synchondrosis is an important driver of facial and cranial base growth. The current study characterizes its fusion in patients with Apert, Crouzon, and Pfeiffer syndromes and correlates early fusion with the presence, and degree, of midface hypoplasia. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed of all syndromic patients treated between 1996 and 2012. Case computed tomographic scans and age- and sex-matched control scans were analyzed as demonstrating either open, partially fused, or completely fused synchondroses, and patient age at each scan was recorded. Midface hypoplasia as determined by sella-nasion–A point angle measurement at the time of midface surgery was correlated to fusion status. Results: Fifty-four patients with 206 computed tomographic scans met inclusion criteria. Two hundred six age- and sex-matched control scans were also identified. Average age at computed tomographic scanning was 6.1 years. The earliest ages of partial and complete fusion were 1.1 and 7.0 years, respectively, among cases; and 6.2 and 12.7 years, respectively, among controls. The odds of synchondrosis fusion in case computed tomographic scans was 66.0 times that of controls (95 percent CI, 9.2 to 475.5 times that of controls; p < 0.000001). Average age of synchondrosis fusion was 3.5 years (range, 0.5 to 6.0 years). Average sella-nasion–A point angle at the time of midface surgery was 67.5 degrees (range, 58 to 76 degrees), with a positive correlation between earlier age of fusion and more severe midface hypoplasia (p = 0.028). Conclusions: The spheno-occipital synchondrosis fuses earlier in syndromic patients compared with age-matched controls. Moreover, there is a positive correlation between earlier fusion and degree of midface hypoplasia, although definitive causality cannot be concluded. This is the first study to demonstrate such a correlation in human subjects. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Risk, II.
Learning Interestingness Measures in Terminology Extraction. A ROC-based approach

In the field of Text Mining, a key phase in data preparation is concerned with the extraction of terms, i.e. collocation of words attached to specific concepts (e.g. Philosophy-Dissertation). In this paper, Term Extraction is formalized as a supervised learning task, extracting a ranking hypothesis from a set of terms labeled as relevant/irrelevant by the expert. This task is tackled using the evolutionary algorithm ROGER, optimizing the area under the ROC curve attached to a ranking hypothesis. Empirical validation on two real-world applications demonstrates outstanding improvements compared to state-of-art interestingness measures in Term Extraction. The approach is found robust across domains (Molecular Biology, Curriculum Vitae) and languages (English, French).
Long-range Coulomb interactions and the onset of superconductivity in the high-Tc materials.

The Ginzburg-Landau functional for a superconductor is extended to include a quantum-fluctuation term arising from imperfect screening of the long-range Coulomb interaction. At low temperatures the resulting quantum {ital x}-{ital y} model shows a second-order phase transition between a superconducting state and an insulating state as a function of the ratio of the phase stiffness to the Coulomb energy measured on the scale of the mean pair spacing. By relating the functional formulation to a BCS-type model of high-temperature superconductivity in the strongly correlated regime, we show that the phase stiffness is proportional to doping away from the 1/2-full Mott insulating state. We discuss application of the model as a mechanism for the onset of superconductivity of the CuO{sub 2}-based high-{ital T}{sub {ital c}} materials above a critical doping level. Transport and optical properties of materials with reduced transition temperature are calculated.
Estimating Architectural Resources and Performance for High-Level Synthesis Applications

In this paper we present a solution to the following problems related to architectural synthesis. Given an input specification and a perfomance constraint, determine a lower bound number of resources (active and interconnect) required to execute the data flow graph while satisfying the performance constraint. Conversely, determine a lower bound performance for executing an input specification for a given number of resources (active and interconnect). The generated bounds are close to the actual designs synthesized by several existing systems.
Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis is currently the standard of care for patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty. We evaluated the evidence for this practice in the reduction of surgical-site infections. METHODS We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to Aug. 15, 2014. We included all RCTs that compared postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis with postoperative placebo or no treatment in patients undergoing primary total hip or knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. We combined outcomes for surgical-site infection using a random-effects model and quantified heterogeneity using the χ2 test and the I2 statistic. We assessed the overall quality of the evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULTS We identified 4 RCTs (n = 4036) that met the inclusion criteria. Surgical-site infections occurred in 3.1% (63/2055) of patients in the prophylaxis group and 2.3% (45/1981) in the control group. Postoperative prophylaxis did not reduce the rate of surgical-site infections compared with placebo (risk difference 0.01, 95% confidence interval 0.00 to 0.02; I2 = 26%). This result was robust to sensitivity testing for losses to follow-up. According to the GRADE approach, the overall quality of evidence was very low. INTERPRETATION The available evidence did not show efficacy of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of surgical-site infections in patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty. Multicentred RCTs are likely to have an important impact on the confidence in the effect estimate and to change the estimate itself.
Improving the quality of partnerships between the public and private sectors in South African higher education : Access and development : Debating process

Extracted from text . Improving the quality of partnerships between the public and private sectors in South African higher education PIYUSHI KOTECHA PIYUSHI KOTECHA was appointed as the Chief Executive Officer of the South African Universities Vice-Chancellors Association (SAUVCA) in April 1998. Her previous positions include National Director of the South African Association for Academic Development (SAAAD) and Director of the Wits Integrated Study Programme in Engineering (WISPE) at the University of the Witwatersrand. In 1997, she was also involved in analysing stakeholder submissions to the Green Paper on Higher Education and was a member of the drafting team for the .
Exemplar Selection Methods to Distinguish Human from Animal Footsteps

The ”class discovery” problem is the problem of learning a classifier from a mixture of unlabeled and labeled training data, under the constraint that labeled training data exist for only N-1 of the N target classes. The task of distinguishing human from animal footsteps can be framed as a class discovery problem. When humans travel alone, every footstep sound is caused by a human foot, therefore labeled training examples for the ”human” class are abundant. When humans travel with animals, their footsteps are interspersed and/or overlapped in time; without a tedious labeling effort, there are no goldstandard labels specifying which species created each of the footstep events. This paper will describe three different types of class discovery algorithm: the mixed-vs-unmixed classifier, the generative class discovery algorithm, and the class of algorithms sometimes called ”self training. ” Experiments using the ARL/Mississippi multisensory personnel tracking database will be reported. Experimental results suggest that the mixed-vs-unmixed classifier gives the best performance in distinguishing mixed vs. unmixed test tokens (recordings containing humans alone vs. humans with animals), and that the self-training method shows promise for the task of learning to distinguish between the discrete footfall sounds of humans and animals.
A standard approach for DCMG

Studies on DC microgrid (DCMG) have simply gone too wild and it is time for a standardized approach to design commercial products. The weak nature of microgrid is studied and set as fundamental difference to the studies of bulk grid. It is often seen in some publications that same assumption is taken as in HVDC studies, and is often misleading. A 300 W or inter-leaved 1 kW fly-back converter working at DCM/BCD mode is defined as the generic power electronic converter (GPEC), due to following reasons: the current control can be achieved with an open loop approach, easing the most difficult work of controller design; the output impedance is inherently high and can be set to an arbitrary value in the same open loop approach, making it instantly ready for power extension (paralleling at output) and also for different applications (like battery charger, voltage source, LED driver, PV module simulator, and but not limited to arc welder). High power density of 50 W/cm3 and high conversion efficiency of 97% are achieved with soft-switching of 200-500 kHz. A 17.5 kW power router is defined, which provides safety disconnection with built-in electronic arc elimination circuit, as well as conventional anti-lightning protection and leakage current protection. Apart from electric functions, it also provides information functions not only for monitoring but also for electric pricing-based power flow control.
Effect of particle size and food on gastric residence time of non‐disintegrating solids in beagle dogs

The gastric residence times of various sizes of radio‐opaque particles and tablets were measured in beagle dogs by X‐ray, both in the fasted state and after a single meal. During the course of the studies, changes in intragastric pH were also monitored with a radiotelemetric pH sensor, the Heidelberg capsule. The gastric residence time increased with increasing particle size and with particles ≥5 mm in diameter approached a plateau value both in the fasted state and after feeding. This value was about 7.5 h after feeding and about 1.5 h in the fasted state, and probably corresponded to the occurrence of the interdigestive migratory myoelectric complex (IMMC wave). The pH in the stomach was variable in the fasted state, but an abrupt pH increase (up to pH 6–7) was observed during the emptying of larger tablets. In some instances this high pH in the stomach was maintained until the next IMMC wave occurred. The gastric emptying of larger tablets administered with food was alo associated with an abrupt pH increase.
Investigation of the optimal timing for chondrogenic priming of MSCs to enhance osteogenic differentiation in vitro as a bone tissue engineering strategy

Recent in vitro tissue engineering approaches have shown that chondrogenic priming of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can have a positive effect on osteogenesis in vivo. However, whether chondrogenic priming is an effective in vitro bone regeneration strategy is not yet known. In particular, the appropriate timing for chondrogenic priming in vitro is unknown albeit that in vivo cartilage formation persists for a specific period before bone formation. The objective of this study is to determine the optimum time for chondrogenic priming of MSCs to enhance osteogenic differentiation by MSCs in vitro. Pellets derived from murine and human MSCs were cultured in six different media groups: two control groups (chondrogenic and osteogenic) and four chondrogenic priming groups (10, 14, 21 and 28 days priming). Biochemical analyses (Hoechst, sulfate glycosaminoglycan (sGAG), Alkaline Phosphate (ALP), calcium), histology (Alcian Blue, Alizarin Red) and immunohistochemistry (collagen types I, II and X) were performed on the samples at specific times. Our results show that after 49 days the highest amount of sGAG production occurred in MSCs chondrogenically primed for 21 days and 28 days. Moreover we found that chondrogenic priming of MSCs in vitro for specific amounts of time (14 days, 21 days) can have optimum influence on their mineralization capacity and can produce a construct that is mineralized throughout the core. Determining the optimum time for chondrogenic priming to enhance osteogenic differentiation in vitro provides information that might lead to a novel regenerative treatment for large bone defects, as well as addressing the major limitation of core degradation and construct failure. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electroconvulsive therapy and its different indications

In spite of recent developments in the pharmacotherapy of depressive disorders, the delay until clinical improvement can be achieved, and the considerable rate of nonresponse and nonremission, are major problems which remain unresolved. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a nonpharmacoloqic bioloqical treatment which has been proven to be a highly effective treatment option, predominantly for depression, but also for schizophrenia and other indications. Though there is a lack of controlled investigations on long-term treatments, ECT can also be used for relapse prevention during maintenance therapies. The safety and tolerabitity of electroconvulsive treatment have been enhanced by the use of modified stimulation techniques and by progress in modern anesthesia. Thus, today a safe treatment can also be offered to patients with higher somatic risks, ECT still represents an important option, especially in the therapy of treatmentresistant psychiatric disorders after medication treatment failures. Earlier consideration of ECT may reduce the rate of chronic and difficult-to-treat psychiatric disorders.
Alternative splicing within the human cytochrome P450 superfamily with an emphasis on the brain: the convolution continues

The human cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily of enzymes regulate hepatic phase 1 drug metabolism and subsequently play a significant role in pharmacokinetics, drug discovery and drug development. Alternative splicing of the cytochrome CYP gene transcripts enhances gene diversity and may play a role in transcriptional regulation of certain CYP proteins. Tissue-specific alternative splicing of CYPs is significant for its potential to add greater dimension to differential drug metabolism in hepatic and extrahepatic tissues, such as the brain, and to our understanding of the CYP family. This review provides an overview of tissue-specific splicing patterns, splicing types, regulation and the functional diversities between liver and splice variant CYP proteins and further explores the relevance of tissue-specific alternative splicing of CYPs in the nervous system.
Influence of prior events on cognitive judgments in amnesia.

Amnesic patients and control Ss read the names of famous and nonfamous persons. Subsequently, both groups were more likely to designate a name as famous if it had been encountered previously. The facilitatory effect of prior presentation was similar for amnesic patients and control Ss and similar for famous and nonfamous names. For amnesic patients, the effect occurred despite severely impaired recognition memory for the names. In a 2nd experiment, recombining the first and last names that had been presented together did not diminish the facilitatory effect of prior presentation, which indicates that the effect does not depend on forming an association between first and last names. The results show that nondeclarative (implicit) memory can support the acquisition of information that is specific (e.g., names of persons) and that has no preexisting representation (e.g., nonfamous names).
Sensor Fault Diagnosis and System Reconfiguration Approach for an Electric Traction PWM Rectifier Based on Sliding Mode Observer

Single-phase pulse-width modulation (PWM) rectifier is commonly used in a high-speed railway electric traction system. Occurrence of unexpected failure in the sensors of the detection system may lead to feedback values deviation and system degradation, which can be extremely detrimental to the operation safety of the electric locomotive. This paper presents a fast and reliable fault diagnosis and fault resilient control strategy for catenary current and dc-link voltage sensor faults in the control system for an electric traction single-phase PWM rectifier. Sliding mode observers are designed to produce analytical redundancy. In order to avoid unobservable states and fluctuation introduced by discrete dynamics in observer design, a novel description for switching variables is presented in system modeling. Normalized residuals are generated using measured and observed values. The fault diagnosis unit proposed can detect and isolate three types of sensor faults online by comparing residuals with thresholds. System reconfiguration is realized by substituting the observed values for the information of faulty sensors. Simulation and experimental results are demonstrated to validate the effectiveness of the strategy.