Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF CLOSE-TO-WALL WIRELESS SENSOR DEPLOYMENT USING 2 D FINITE-DIFFERENCE TIME-DOMAIN MODELLING

When Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are deployed in a railway tunnel environment, the available deployment positions and equipment size are restricted by regulations from the infrastructure owners in order to maintain the loading gauge. As we have discovered in the Aldwych tunnel [1], antennas mounted near to the tunnel wall worsens the path loss (PL) performance at 868MHz and 2.45GHz. However, no literature exists concerning the detailed effects of close to wall antenna mounting and its impact on wireless sensor deployment. Currently, 2.4GHz is the preferred operating frequency, since it is employed by many of the existing commercially available low power wireless communication systems. In this paper, the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method [2] has been used to analytically explore the radiation patterns (RPs) of a 2.4GHz antenna mounted at different distances away from a tunnel wall constructed from different materials, i.e., cast iron, concrete and polythene.
(ABSTRAK) A SPEECH ACT OF MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR.’S SPEECH ENTITLED “I HAVE A DREAM”

Communication is the activity of exchanging meaning, ideas, feeling and information. It needs two participants or more. There are several ways of communication. Besides interpersonal communication and small group of communication, there is speech as one way of communication. Speech is one of the real forms of communication activities that cannot be unconnected from language use. It will only be delivered in a special occasion and some preparations are needed there. Listeners should know what actually the speaker wants through his speech. By knowing it, we can decide what action that we will take, whether we will agree the message or even refuse it. Listeners could know what the speakers wants or the meaning of a speech by studying speech act. The writer uses Yule’s speech acts theory to do the analysis since he thinks that the theory is the most proper theory. This is a qualitative study. The theory includes; (1) representatives, which is speech acts that state what speaker believes to be the case or not. It is a speech acts that commits the speaker to the truth of the expressed proposition, (2) directives, which is speech acts that speaker use to get someone else to do something, (3) commisives, which is speech acts that speaker use to commit them to some future action, (4) expressive, which is speech acts that state what the speaker feels. It is to express the speaker’s inner state toward a certain thing, (5) declarations, are those kinds of speech acts that change the world or situation trough speaker’s utterances. The result of the study showed that the total data found in the speech, it can be known that there are 50 data or utterances contain speech acts. Among five speech acts, representative speech act exists in 25 utterances. The second commonly used is directive speech act. It is used in 13 utterances. The third commonly used is declaration speech act. It is used in 7 utterances. The forth commonly used is Commisive speech act. It is used in 4 utterances. And the most rarely used is expressive speech act since it only exists in one utterance. From the explanation above, the writer can draw some conclusion. First, among the five kinds of speech act, representative is the most commonly used in speech. Second, the directive is the second commonly used after the representatives speech act. Third, the other kind of speech act, declaration is the third. Fourth, the commisive speech act is the fourth speech acts that commonly used. Fifth, the expressive is the most rarely used in the speech. Besides, he also has some suggestion to the readers. First, there are various topics in pragmatics that have not been explored like deixis, maxims, implicatures, etc. Second, it is better to give pragmatics study to the students of educational program since pragmatics is needed if we want to study about linguistics in depth.
Ambient Intelligence: The Next Generation Technology A Review

Configuration of the computing and communications systems found at home and in the workplace is a complex system design that currently requires the attention of the user. Recently, researchers have begun to explore computers that would autonomously configure their functionality based on observations of who or what is surrounding them. By determining their context, using input from sensor systems distributed throughout the environment, computing devices could personalize themselves to their current user, adapt their behaviour according to their location, or interact to their surroundings. This field of intelligence is called Ambient Intelligence (AmI). There has been increasing interest in building networks with AmI, which incorporates the user-centricity and context awareness, or in short AmI is a new information paradigm where people are empowered through a digital environment that is "aware" of their presence, context and is sensitive, adaptive, responsive to their needs and requests. Users' environments are going to be disseminated of intelligent adaptive devices and sensors that will coordinate each other to help users in their activities with the help of AmI concepts and designs. This paper introduces the concept of AMI, explains the need for such an intelligence and also waves light over the different innovations done in this promising field of science and technology. This paper also addresses the topic of providing context aware services in smart environments. We review recent works in smart environments, and further defines and debates essential aspects concerning context-aware service supply. Future challenges for the research in context-aware smart environments are also discussed.
Symbolic consistency checking of OpenMp parallel programs

We present a symbolic approach for checking consistency of OpenMP parallel programs. A parallel program is consistent if it yields the same result as its sequential version despite the execution order among threads. We find race conditions of an OpenMP parallel program, construct the formal model of its raced segments under relaxed memory models, and perform guided symbolic simulation to search consistency violations. The simulation terminates when (1) a witness has been found (the program is inconsistent), or (2) all reachable states have been explored (the program is consistent). We have developed the tool Pathg by incorporating Omega library to solve race constraints and Red symbolic simulator to perform guided search. We show that Pathg can prove consistency of programs, identify races that modern OpenMP checkers failed to report, and find inconsistency witnesses effectively against benchmarks from the OpenMP Source Code Repository and the NAS Parallel benchmark suite.
Ca 2 1 and protein kinase C activation of mucin granule exocytosis in permeabilized SPOC 1 cells

Scott, C. E. , Lubna H. Abdullah, and C. William Davis. Ca21 and protein kinase C activation of mucin granule exocytosis in permeabilized SPOC1 cells. Am. J. Physiol. 275 (Cell Physiol. 44): C285–C292, 1998. —Mucin secretion by airway goblet cells is under the control of apical P2Y2, phospholipase C-coupled purinergic receptors. In SPOC1 cells, the mobilization of intracellular Ca21 by ionomycin or the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol 12myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulates mucin secretion in a fully additive fashion [L. H. Abdullah, J. D. Conway, J. A. Cohn, and C. W. Davis. Am. J. Physiol. 273 (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 17): L201–L210, 1997]. This apparent independence between PKC and Ca21 in the stimulation of mucin secretion was tested in streptolysin O-permeabilized SPOC1 cells. These cells were fully competent to secrete mucin when Ca21 was elevated from 100 nM to 3.1 μM for 2 min following permeabilization; the Ca21 EC50 was 2.29 6 0.07 μM. Permeabilized SPOC1 cells were exposed to PMA or 4a-phorbol at Ca21 activities ranging from 10 nM to 10 μM. PMA, but not 4a-phorbol, increased mucin release at all Ca21 activities tested: at 10 nM Ca21 mucin release was 2.1-fold greater than control and at 4.7 μM Ca21 mucin release was maximal (3.6-fold increase). PMA stimulated 27% more mucin release at 4.7 μM than at 10 nM Ca21. Hence, SPOC1 cells possess Ca21-insensitive, PKC-dependent, and Ca21-dependent PKCpotentiated pathways for mucin granule exocytosis.
Compiler-decided dynamic memory allocation for scratch-pad based embedded systems

This paper presents a highly predictable, low overhead and yet dynamic, memory allocation strategy for embedded systems with scratch-pad memory. A scratch-pad is a fast compiler-managed SRAM memory that replaces the hardware-managed cache. It is motivated by its better real-time guarantees vs cache and by its significantly lower overheads in energy consumption, area and overall runtime, even with a simple allocation scheme [4]. Existing scratch-pad allocation methods are of two types. First, software-caching schemes emulate the workings of a hardware cache in software. Instructions are inserted before each load/store to check the software-maintained cache tags. Such methods incur large overheads in runtime, code size, energy consumption and SRAM space for tags and deliver poor real-time guarantees just like hardware caches. A second category of algorithms partitionsm variables at compile-time into the two banks. For example, our previous work in [3] derives a provably optimal static allocation for global and stack variables and achieves a speedup over all earlier methods. However, a drawback of such static allocation schemes is that they do not account for dynamic program behavior. It is easy to see why a data allocation that never changes at runtime cannot achieve the full locality benefits of a cache.In this paper we present a dynamic allocation method for global and stack data that for the first time, (i) accounts for changing program requirements at runtime (ii) has no software-caching tags (iii) requires no run-time checks (iv) has extremely low overheads, and (v) yields 100% predictable memory access times. In this method data that is about to be accessed frequently is copied into the SRAM using compiler-inserted code at fixed and infrequent points in the program. Earlier data is evicted if necessary. When compared to a provably optimal static allocation our results show runtime reductions ranging from 11% to 38%, averaging 31.2%, using no additional hardware support. With hardware support for pseudo-DMA and full DMA, which is already provided in some commercial systems, the runtime reductions increase to 33.4% and 34.2% respectively.
‘I understand all the major things’: how older people with limited English proficiency decide their need for a professional interpreter during health care after stroke

Objective To explore the process of decision-making of older people with limited English proficiency (LEP) about using a professional interpreter during their health care after stroke. Design A constructivist grounded theory approach was used. Up to two in-depth interviews were conducted with 13 older people with LEP from seven different language groups, and one older person who preferred to speak English, who had recently received health care after an acute stroke. Professional interpreters assisted with 19 of the 24 study interviews. Data were analysed and theoretical processes developed using a constant comparative method. Results Professional interpreters were not a strong presence in the health care experience after stroke for participants. The use of professional interpreters was a complex decision for participants, influenced by their perception of the language and health care expertise of themselves and others, their perceived position to make the decision and whom they trusted. Getting by in English allowed participants to follow rules-based talk of health professionals, but did not enable them to understand detailed information or explanation, or to engage in the management of their condition in a meaningful way. Conclusion Health professionals have an opportunity and a mandate to demonstrate leadership in the interpreter decision by providing knowledge, opportunity and encouragement for people with LEP, to use an interpreter to engage in, and understand, their health care after stroke. Health professionals may need to advise when interpretation is needed for health care situations, when communication difficulties may not be anticipated by the person with LEP.
rAAV-Mediated Subcellular Targeting of Optogenetic Tools in Retinal Ganglion Cells In Vivo

Expression of optogenetic tools in surviving inner retinal neurons to impart retinal light sensitivity has been a new strategy for restoring vision after photoreceptor degeneration. One potential approach for restoring retinal light sensitivity after photoreceptor degeneration is to express optogenetic tools in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). For this approach, restoration of ON and OFF center-surround receptive fields in RGCs, a key feature of visual information processing, may be important. A possible solution is to differentially express depolarizing and hyperpolarizing optogenetic tools, such as channelrhodopsin-2 and halorhodopsin, to the center and peripheral regions of the RGC dendritic field by using protein targeting motifs. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors have proven to be a powerful vehicle for in vitro and in vivo gene delivery, including in the retina. Therefore, the search for protein targeting motifs that can achieve rAAV-mediated subcellular targeted expression would be particularly valuable for developing therapeutic applications. In this study, we identified two protein motifs that are suitable for rAAV-mediated subcellular targeting for generating center-surround receptive fields while reducing the axonal expression in RGCs. Resulting morphological dendritic field and physiological response field by center-targeting were significantly smaller than those produced by surround-targeting. rAAV motif-mediated protein targeting could also be a valuable tool for studying physiological function and clinical applications in other areas of the central nervous system.
Current Pharmaceutical Treatments and Alternative Therapies of Parkinson's Disease

Over the decades, pharmaceutical treatments, particularly dopaminergic (DAergic) drugs have been considered as the main therapy against motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is proposed that DAergic drugs in combination with other medications, such as monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors, catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitors, anticholinergics and other newly developed non-DAergic drugs can make a better control of motor symptoms or alleviate levodopa-induced motor complications. Moreover, non-motor symptoms of PD, such as cognitive, neuropsychiatric, sleep, autonomic and sensory disturbances caused by intrinsic PD pathology or drug-induced side effects, are gaining increasing attention and urgently need to be taken care of due to their impact on quality of life. Currently, neuroprotective therapies have been investigated extensively in pre-clinical studies, and some of them have been subjected to clinical trials. Furthermore, non-pharmaceutical treatments, including deep brain stimulation (DBS), gene therapy, cell replacement therapy and some complementary managements, such as Tai chi, Yoga, traditional herbs and molecular targeted therapies have also been considered as effective alternative therapies to classical pharmaceutics. This review will provide us updated information regarding the current drugs and non-drugs therapies for PD.
How to prevent type flaw attacks on security protocols

A type flaw attack on a security protocol is an attack where a field that was originally intended to have one type is subsequently interpreted as having another type. A number of type flaw attacks have appeared in the academic literature. In this paper we prove that type flaw attacks can be prevented using a simple technique of tagging each field with some information indicating its intended type.
Impact of a multi-component exercise and physical activity program for sedentary, community-dwelling, older adults

Participation in physical activity is an evidence-based strategy for improving health in older adults. However, less than 30% of older adults engage in any form of regular physical activity. Despite the development of best practice recommendations, the impact of physical activity programs on older adult participation and the performance of activities of daily living (ADL) is not well understood. This dissertation examined best practice programs in relation to ADL performance through a literature review and an intervention study. Our systematic review identified 15 studies on multi-component, group, exercise interventions for community-dwelling older adults. Studies varied greatly in terms of setting, sample size, mode of exercise, length of intervention, and outcomes, and only four studies included all the recommendations of best practice. ADL performance was the least frequently included outcome, supporting the need for additional research. Our pretest, posttest, and post-posttest cohort study evaluated the effects of a 10 week, multi-component, best practice, exercise program on physical activity, ADL performance, physical performance, and depression in community-dwelling, older adults from low-income households (N = 15). Comparison of pretest and posttest scores using a one-tailed paired samples t-test resulted in improvement (p < .05) for 2 of 3 ADL domains on the Activity Measure-Post Acute Care (AM-PAC) and on all 6 physical performance measures of the Senior Fitness Test (SFT), with medium to large effect sizes for all measures. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) yielded no significant change. Physical activity was evaluated at pretest, at 4 weeks posttest, and at 8 weeks post-posttest using the Yale Physical Activity Scale (YPAS). Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant main effects for 3 of 8 measures - Total Activity Hours, Total Energy Expenditure, and the Leisurely Walking Index. Post-hoc analysis using the Bonferroni adjustment was significant only for the Leisurely Walking Index from pretest to posttest. Retention rate was 78.9%, and the adherence rate for group sessions was 89.7%. These results suggest that implementation of a multi-component, best practice exercise and physical activity program with sedentary, community-dwelling older adults may be well tolerated and may positively impact physical activity, ADL performance, and physical performance.
A new method towards achieving global optimality in technology mapping

This paper presents a new method for covering a Boolean network by library cells. In this method, matches are classified according to their properties. Some matches are selected unconditionally into a cover and the remaining nodes are divided into independent portions. Then, a match compatibility graph (MCG) is constructed for each portion and an optimum cover is found for it using the MCG. Thus our method finds an efficient and closer to optimum cover for the complete network.
Measuring Client-Perceived Pageview Response Time of Internet Services

As e-commerce services are exponentially growing, businesses need quantitative estimates of client-perceived response times to continuously improve the quality of their services. Current server-side nonintrusive measurement techniques are limited to nonsecured HTTP traffic. In this paper, we present the design and evaluation a monitor, namely sMonitor, which is able to measure client-perceived response times for both HTTP and HTTPS traffic. At the heart of sMonitor is a novel size-based analysis method that parses live packets to delimit different webpages and to infer their response times. The method is based on the observation that most HTTP(S)-compatible browsers send significantly larger requests for container objects than those for embedded objects. sMonitor is designed to operate accurately in the presence of complicated browser behaviors, such as parallel downloading of multiple webpages and HTTP pipelining, as well as packet losses and delays. It requires only to passively collect network traffic in and out of the monitored secured services. We conduct comprehensive experiments across a wide range of operating conditions using live secured Internet services, on the PlanetLab, and on controlled networks. The experimental results demonstrate that sMonitor is able to control the estimation error within 6.7 percent, in comparison with the actual measured time at the client side.
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide stimulates the proliferation of HaCaT cell via TGF-alpha.

It is well known that psoriasis, an immunogenetic cutaneous disorder whose major pathogenic findings are epidermal hyperplasia and T-cell infiltration, is aggravated by psychological stresses. Although the exact mechanism is not yet clarified, antidromic secretion of neuropeptides by cutaneous nerve fibers is thought to be involved. In this study, we examined the effect and mechanism of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), one of the major neuropeptides, on the proliferation of HaCaT cell which is a spontaneous, immortalized, human keratinocyte cell line. Twenty-four and 48 h after its addition, 1 pM to 100 nM of VIP increased the number of cells cultured with/without serum. We indirectly verified VIP(1)R on the surface of HaCaT cell based on the proliferative ability of various VIP families such as VIP, PACAP and secretin, and increased PKA level 30 min after stimulation. However, because H-89, a PKA inhibitor, did not inhibit the proliferative potential of VIP, its mitogenicity is not medicated through VIP(1)R. One nM VIP produced the TGF-alpha protein which is a strong mitogen of keratinocytes and increased in the psoriatic lesion 2.25 times more compared with the control. Genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, abrogated the mitogenic activity of VIP. Like VIP, VIP fragments, VIP(1-12) and VIP(10-28) also acted as a mitogen for HaCaT cells through the same mechanism. Collectively, our studies clearly show that VIP and its fragments stimulate keratinocyte growth, not through increased cAMP level, but through increased TGF-alpha protein production.
Blockade of the release of gonadotropins and prolactin by subcutaneous or intraventricular injection of atropine in male and female rats.

To determine whether cholinergic pathways are involved in central nervous system (CNS) control of gonadotropin and prolactin release, atropine sulfate was injected sc (70 mg/100 g body wt) or directly into the third ventricle (250 μg) in order to block cholinergic receptors. The alkaloid injected by either route at 11:45–1:15 on the day of proestrus blocked the surges of LH, FSH and prolactin during the afternoon. Following orchidextomy, sc atropine prevented the elevation of plasma FSH and LH that normally occurred 16 and 24 hr post—castration. When atropine was injected into the third ventricle 24 hr post—orchidectomy, plasma LH decreased significantly within 2 hr. At 3–5 weeks post—ovariectomy or orchidectomy, sc injection of the alkaloid decreased plasma LH within 1 hr in females but the decrease was only apparent after 24 hr in the castrate males. Since injection of synthetic LHreleasing factor (LRF) elevated plasma LH in both proestrous females and castrate males injected sc with atropine, the actio.