Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low-Voltage Ride-Through of Single-Phase Transformerless Photovoltaic Inverters

Transformerless photovoltaic (PV) inverters are going to be more widely adopted in order to achieve high efficiency, as the penetration level of PV systems is continuously booming. However, problems may arise in highly PV-integrated distribution systems. For example, a sudden stoppage of all PV systems due to anti-islanding protection may contribute to grid disturbances. Thus, standards featuring with ancillary services for the next-generation PV systems are under a revision in some countries. The future PV systems have to provide a full range of services as what the conventional power plants do, e.g., low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) under grid faults and grid support service. In order to map future challenges, the LVRT capability of three mainstream single-phase transformerless PV inverters under grid faults is explored in this paper. Control strategies with reactive power injection are also discussed. The selected inverters are the full-bridge (FB) inverter with bipolar modulation, the FB inverter with dc bypass, and the Highly Efficient and Reliable Inverter Concept (HERIC). A 1-kW single-phase grid-connected PV system is analyzed to verify the discussions. The tests confirmed that, although the HERIC inverter is the best candidate in terms of efficiency, it is not very particularly feasible in case of a voltage sag. The other two topologies are capable of providing reactive current during LVRT. A benchmarking of those inverters is also provided in this paper, which offers the possibility to select appropriate devices and to further optimize the transformerless system.
Pacific Islands Families: The First Two Years of Life: Gambling Amongst Pacific Mothers

Pacific peoples in New Zealand are at high risk of developing gambling-related problems; estimated to be six times more likely than the risk for New Zealand Europeans. However, there is a paucity of research investigating Pacific people’s gambling within a New Zealand context. This paper presents preliminary data, from the first data collection point, about gambling activity per se (as opposed to problem gambling) from a cohort of mothers who are part of the longitudinal Pacific Islands Families study. The data are analysed against various associated demographic and cultural variables. These early results indicate that cul-tural differences could play a part in gambling behaviour, for example, Tongans are more likely to gamble than Samoans, and those who partake in traditional gift giving customs are also more likely to gamble. Additionally, the data show an increased propensity for gam-bling amongst those with comorbid disorders such as alcohol misuse.
Can desert dust explain the anomalous greenhouse effect observed over the Sahara during July 2003 revealed by GERB/UM intercomparisons.

Measurements of the top-of-the-atmosphere outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) for July 2003 from the new Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget instrument are used to assess the performance of the numerical weather prediction version of the Met Office Unified Model. A significant difference is found over desert regions of northern Africa where the model emits too much OLR by up to 40 Wm in the monthly mean. By cloud-screening the data we find an error of up to 50Wm associated with cloud-free areas, which suggests an error in the model surface temperature, surface emissivity, or atmospheric transmission. By building up a physical model of the radiative properties of mineral dust based on in-situ, and surface-based and satellite remote sensing observations we show that the most plausible explanation for the discrepancy in OLR is due to the neglect of mineral dust in the model. The calculations suggest that mineral dust can exert a longwave radiative forcing by as much as 50Wm in the monthly mean for 1200UTC in cloud-free regions, which accounts for the discrepancy between the model and the GERB observations. This suggests that inclusion of the radiative effects of mineral dust will lead to a significant improvement in the radiation balance of numerical weather prediction models with subsequent improvements in performance.
The Impact of Decentralization on Educational Attainment in Indonesia

This study contributes to our knowledge on the impact of decentralization of the education sector in Indonesia. We extend existing research by examining the influence of both municipal factors and other explanatory variables on educational attainment in Indonesia. We focus on mean years of schooling as an indicator of educational attainment. We hypothesize that after decentralization, (1) educational attainment is higher compared to the pre-decentralization era, (2) regional variations in educational attainment will have increased, and (3) the fiscal capacity, degree of urbanization, and development will be higher, the higher the municipality’s mean year of schooling. The latter is also expected for the newly created municipalities of the past years. We test the hypotheses with panel data on 5,541,983 respondents aggregated to 3880 observations nested in 491 districts/cities nested in 32 provinces for the pre-and post-decentralization era. The results reveal the following. First, after decentralization, the length of schooling slightly increased, but progress in the length of schooling has slowed down a bit. Second, educational attainment variation between provinces slightly decreased,
Brown rat demography reveals pre-commensal structure in eastern Asia prior to expansion into Southeast Asia

Fossil evidence indicates that the globally-distributed brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) originated in northern China and Mongolia. Historical records report the human-mediated invasion of rats into Europe in the 1500s, followed by global spread due to European imperialist activity during the1600s-1800s. We analyzed 14 genomes representing seven previously identified evolutionary clusters and tested alternative demographic models to infer patterns of range expansion, divergence times, and changes in effective population (Ne) size for this globally important pest species. We observed three range expansions from the ancestral population that produced the Pacific (~4.8kya), eastern China (diverged ~0.55kya), and Southeast (SE) Asia (~0.53kya) lineages. Our model shows a rapid range expansion from SE Asia into the Middle East then continued expansion into central Europe 537 years ago (1478 AD). We observed declining Ne within all brown rat lineages from 150-1kya, reflecting population contractions during glacial cycles. Ne increased since 1kya in Asian and European, but not Pacific, evolutionary clusters. Our results support the hypothesis that northern Asia was the ancestral range for brown rats. We suggest that southward human migration across China between 800-1550s AD resulted in the introduction of rats to SE Asia, from which they rapidly expanded via existing maritime trade routes. Finally, we discovered that North America was colonized separately on both the Atlantic and Pacific seaboards, yet by evolutionary clusters of vastly different ages and genomic diversity levels. Our results should stimulate discussions among historians and zooarcheologists regarding the relationship between humans and rats.
Humane Orientation as a New Cultural Dimension of the GLOBE Project

We validate, extend, and empirically and theoretically criticize the cultural dimension of humane orientation of the project GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Research Program). Theoretically, humane orientation is not just a one-dimensionally positive concept about being caring, altruistic, and kind to others as discussed by Kabasakal and Bodur (2004), but there is also a certain ambivalence to this concept. We suggest differentiating humane orientation toward in-group members from humane orientation toward out-group members. A multicountry construct validation study used student samples from 25 countries that were either high or low in humane orientation (N = 876) and studied their relation to the traditional GLOBE scale and other cultural-level measures (agreeableness, religiosity, authoritarianism, and welfare state score). Findings revealed a strong correlation between humane orientation and agreeableness, welfare state score, and religiosity. Out-group humane orientation proved to be the more relevant subfacet of the original humane orientation construct, suggesting that future research on humane orientation should make use of this measure instead of the vague original scale. The ambivalent character of out-group humane orientation is displayed in its positive correlation to high authoritarianism. Patriotism was used as a control variable for noncritical acceptance of one’s society but did not change the correlations. Our findings are discussed as an example of how rigid expectations and a lack of tolerance for diversity may help explain the ambivalent nature of humane orientation.
Innovation Evaluation: Past and Current Models and a Framework for Infrastructure Projects

Innovation is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon and very difficult to evaluate but it is at the heart of today’s competitive economy. The infrastructure of a nation also plays a crucial role in the economic development of a nation. To gain a sustainable competitive advantage for governments or organizations innovation and infrastructure are two critical factors that need to be effectively employed. This means it is necessary to understand how innovation is created and how it can be applied to infrastructure. The aim of this paper is to develop a framework to evaluate innovation and its benefits in infrastructure projects. For this purpose, a systematic review approach was adopted to review past and current models and frameworks in the literature related to the field of innovation and measurement. As the literature is very fragmented and lacks a consensus on innovation measurement, this paper develops a comprehensive framework with a holistic attitude in mind in order to consider as many as possible elements of the innovation process. The results of this article show a clear understanding of innovation requires evaluating not only inputs and intermediate outputs of the process but also necessitates evaluation of what happens in the process of innovation. The proposed framework is developed in the context of infrastructure projects, and consolidates the measurement of innovation. This area of research is new and relatively unstudied in the context of infrastructure. This study could act as an opening step towards more reliable evaluation of innovation in infrastructure projects.
Pulsed airborne lidar measurements of atmospheric CO2 column absorption

We report initial measurements of atmospheric CO2 column density using a pulsed airborne lidar operating at 1572 nm. It uses a lidar measurement technique being developed at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center as a candidate for the CO2 measurement in the Active Sensing of CO2 Emissions over Nights, Days and Seasons (ASCENDS) space mission. The pulsed multiple-wavelength lidar approach offers several new capabilities with respect to passive spectrometer and other lidar techniques for high-precision CO2 column density measurements. We developed an airborne lidar using a fibre laser transmitter and photon counting detector, and conducted initial measurements of the CO2 column absorption during flights over Oklahoma in December 2008. The results show clear CO2 line shape and absorption signals. These follow the expected changes with aircraft altitude from 1.5 to 7.1 km, and are in good agreement with column number density estimates calculated from nearly coincident airborne in-situ measurements.
Revista de Administração Contemporânea Journal of Contemporary Administration

Objetivo: recentemente, a abordagem da estratégia como prática tem buscado superar a dicotomia micro/macro existente na sua literatura, bem como integrar melhor as dimensões da práxis, prática e praticante. Para preencher esta lacuna, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir potenciais métodos para guiar estudos empíricos de estratégia como prática. Métodos: com base em uma extensa revisão de literatura, desenvolvemos um método baseado na fenomenologia, na teoria fundamentada, na etnografia e na análise de narrativas. Esses componentes são apresentados e discutidos no trabalho tendo em vista o contexto dos estudos de estratégia como prática. Resultados: o método apresentado envolve a articulação de quatro abordagens. A fenomenologia é usada para ampliar o entendimento a respeito das experiências dos estrategistas. A teoria fundamentada é considerada como um caminho para desenvolver teorias sobre o fenômeno estudado. A etnografia é empregada como um meio para contextualizar as práticas diárias dos estrategistas. Por fim, as narrativas são o caminho para acessar as histórias dos estrategistas. Conclusões: o método proposto pode ser útil para superar a dicotomia micro/ macro existente na literatura de estratégia como prática e para integrar as dimensões práxis, prática e praticante.
Cell painting for

Cell painting is a powerful method which combines cell and computational biology to describe the behavior of cells phenotypically following treatment with chemical or genetic perturbagens. Since the first publications describing the technique, cell painting has been rapidly adopted for phenotypic drug discovery and basic research.1,2 Implementing the assay, however, comes with some challenges, ranging from the choice of cell model, appropriate labeling reagents, and optimizing instrumentation for detection, to making sense of up to thousands of features that are generated during data analysis.3 Here we describe how a cell painting assay can be set up on the Opera Phenix® Plus high-content screening system.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Production of peroxy nitrates in boreal biomass burning plumes over Canada during the BORTAS campaign

The observations collected during the BORTAS campaign in summer 2011 over Canada are analysed to study the impact of forest ﬁre emissions on the formation of ozone (O 3 ) and total peroxy nitrates ( (cid:80) PNs, (cid:80) ROONO 2 ). The suite of measurements on board the BAe-146 aircraft, deployed in this campaign, allows us to calculate 5 the production of O 3 and of Σ PNs, a long lived O 3 reservoir whose concentration is supposed to be impacted by biomass burning emissions. In ﬁre plumes, proﬁles of carbon monoxide (CO), which is a well-established tracer of pyrogenic emission, show concentration enhancements that are in strong correspondence with a signiﬁcant increase of Σ PNs concentrations, whereas minimal increase of the concentrations of O 3 10 and NO 2 are observed. In those ﬁre plumes the average Σ PNs production is 12 times greater than in the background plumes, by contrast the average O 3 production is only 5 times greater. These results suggest that, at least for boreal forest ﬁres and for the measurements recorded during the BORTAS campaign, ﬁre emissions impact both the oxidized NO y and O 3 , but: (1) Σ PNs production is a ﬀ ected signiﬁcantly respect to the 15 O 3 production and (2) in the forest ﬁre plumes the ratio between the Σ PNs production and the O 3 production is lower than the
Comparing Apples with Oranges : Revisiting the Gender Wage Gap in an International Perspective

Comparing Apples with Oranges: Revisiting the Gender Wage Gap in an International Perspective Using a rich and comparable micro-data set, we analyse international differences in gender pay gaps in the private sector for a sample of five European economies: Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy and Spain. Using different methods, we examine how wage structure, differences in the distribution of measured characteristics, occupational and industrial segregation contribute to explain the pattern of international differences. Furthermore, we take into account indirect discrimination influencing female occupational and industrial distributions. We find significant impacts of those latter factors on gender differentials. However, the magnitude of their effects varies across countries. JEL Classification: J16, J31, J71
Accelerometry measurement of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in pre-school children

This thesis is based on six studies which address questions around the use of accelerometers to measure physical activity and sedentary behaviour of pre-school children: are shorter epochs more accurate? Which epochs are most accurate? Are there advantages to using triaxial accelerometers? Which cut-points are most accurate? Are different generations of Actigraph accelerometers comparable? What is the recommended wear time to provide a reliable estimate of habitual physical activity and sedentary behaviour? Analysis of 7-10 day accelerometry data, collected from 31 pre-school children (mean (SD) age 5.9 (0.7) y), suggests that shorter epochs (15 s) result in significantly greater estimates of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in comparison to 60-s epochs (p <0.05). When compared against a direct observation method, Children’s Activity Rating Scale (CARS), with 32 pre-school children (4.4 (0.8) y) during 1 hour of free-play, 15-s epochs were more accurate than 60-s epochs. Comparison of the triaxial RT3 against a uniaxial accelerometer, suggests no advantage of the RT3 accelerometer. The Puyau et al. (2002) cut-points had the ‘best’ agreement with estimates of sedentary behaviour, light intensity and MVPA against the CARS. Different generations of accelerometers were not comparable, however, application of a correction factor to the GT1M data (7164 = GT1M/0.91) may improve comparability of total physical activity. Finally, analysis of 7 day accelerometry data from 112 pre-school children (3.7 (0.7) y) suggests that 3 days of 7 hours provides a reliable estimate of habitual physical activity and that inclusion of weekend days is not necessary. This thesis highlights the implications that methodological decisions can have over apparent estimates of physical activity and sedentary behaviour and has made recommendations for accelerometry use. Ideally, there needs to be a move towards consensus, as, only by adopting standardised approaches to accelerometry use, will comparison between study outcomes become meaningful.
Nonparametric statistical analysis for multiple comparison of machine learning regression algorithms

In the paper we present some guidelines for the application of nonparametric statistical tests and post-hoc procedures devised to perform multiple comparisons of machine learning algorithms. We emphasize that it is necessary to distinguish between pairwise and multiple comparison tests. We show that the pairwise Wilcoxon test, when employed to multiple comparisons, will lead to overoptimistic conclusions. We carry out intensive normality examination employing ten different tests showing that the output of machine learning algorithms for regression problems does not satisfy normality requirements. We conduct experiments on nonparametric statistical tests and post-hoc procedures designed for multiple 1×N and N ×N comparisons with six different neural regression algorithms over 29 benchmark regression data sets. Our investigation proves the usefulness and strength of multiple comparison statistical procedures to analyse and select machine learning algorithms.
Convergence of Heat Shock Protein 90 with Ubiquitin in Filamentous (cid:1) -Synuclein Inclusions of (cid:1) -Synucleinopathies

Heat shock proteins (Hsps) facilitate refolding of de-natured polypeptides, but there is limited understanding about their roles in neurodegenerative diseases characterized by misfolded proteins. Because Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy are (cid:1) -synucleinopathies characterized by filamentous (cid:1) -synuclein ( (cid:1) -syn) inclusions, we assessed which Hsps might be implicated in these disorders by examining human brain samples, transgenic mouse models, and cell culture systems. Light and electron microscopic multiple-la-bel immunohistochemistry showed Hsp90 was the predominant Hsp examined that co-localized with (cid:1) -syn in Lewy bodies, Lewy neurites, and glial cell inclusions and that Hsp90 co-localized with (cid:1) -syn filaments of Lewy bodies in PD. Hsp90 levels were most predominantly increased in PD brains, which corre-lated with increased levels of insoluble
Hybrid spaces of politics. The 2013 general elections in Italy, between talk shows and Twitter

This article analyses the relationship between mediated politics and participation, adopting a hybrid approach that stresses the connections between older and newer media. The study adopts a practice-based approach, considering the ways TV audiences, politicians, and journalists used Twitter in order to participate in the discourses activated around Italian political talk shows, during the ‘permanent’ campaign for the 2013 general elections (from September 2012 to June 2013; 11 shows; 1,076 episodes). We analysed these communication practices referring, at first, to the complete collection of tweets, including the official hashtags of Italian political talk shows (2,489,669 tweets). The analysis pointed out that a narrow audience had access to these practices, and that the potential for media and politicians to interact with audiences/citizens and to manage their ‘interpretive engagement’ in the construction of agendas has not
Long-term individual and population functional outcomes in older adults with atrial fibrillation

Background: Older adults with atrial fibrillation (AF) have multiple risk factors for disablement. Long-term function and the contribution of strokes to disability has not been previously characterized. Methods: We performed a longitudinal, observational study in the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (1992-2014). We included participants [≥]65 years with Medicare claims who met incident AF diagnosis claims criteria. We examined the association of incident stroke with three functional outcomes: independence with activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and community-dwelling. We fit separate logistic regression models with repeated measures adjusting for comorbidities and demographics to estimate the effect of stroke on function. We estimate the contribution of strokes to the overall population burden of functional impairment using the method of recycled predictions. Results: Among 3530 participants (median age 79 years, 53% women, median CHA2DS2-VASc 5), 262 had a stroke over 17,396 person-years. Independent of stroke and accounting for population comorbidities, annually, ADL dependence increased by 4.4%, IADL dependence increased by 3.9%, and nursing home residence increased by 1.2% (p<0.05 for all). Accounting for comorbidities, of those who experienced a stroke, 31.9% developed new ADL dependence, 26.5% developed new IADL dependence, and 8.6% newly moved to a nursing home (p<0.05 for all). Considering all causes of function loss, 1.7% of ADL disability-years, 1.2% of IADL disability-years, and 7.3% of nursing home years could be attributed to stroke over 7.4years. Conclusion: Older adults lose substantial function over time following AF diagnosis, independent of stroke. Stroke was associated with a significant decline in function and an increase in the likelihood of nursing home move, but stroke did not accelerate subsequent disability accrual. Because of the high background rate of functional loss, stroke was not the dominant determinant of population-level disability in older adults with AF.