Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-resolution optical coherence tomography in a case of descemetocele managed with amniotic membrane transplantation

Amniotic membrane transplantation is a useful in the management of corneal melts and descemetocele. We describe high-resolution anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Optovue) in a patient with descemetocele who was managed surgically with amniotic membrane transplantation. A 60-year-old female presented with a corneal melt in the right eye. She was a case of rheumatoid arthritis and was on systemic treatment with immunomodulators. Slit lamp examination revealed a severe thinning paracentrally. High-resolution OCT was performed at the site of descemetocele. She underwent amniotic membrane transplantation using fibrin glue and bandage contact lens application. At 6 weeks postoperative, the bandage contact lens was removed. The area of thinning healed with scarring. OCT at the healed site revealed stable surface and an increase in stromal thickness to 281 μ this case describes the utility of amniotic membrane in the healing of sterile corneal melts by providing tectonic support and its integration in the stroma. The stromal healing and increased thickness at the site of descemetocele could be delineated on high-resolution OCT imaging.
Self-Management and Yoga for Older Adults with Chronic Stroke: A Mixed-Methods Study of Physical Fitness and Physical Activity

ABSTRACT Objective: This study investigated changes in physical fitness and physical activity among older patients with chronic stroke (stroke ≥ 6 months previous) after participation in a yoga infused self-management intervention. Methods: A mixed-methods secondary data analysis examined quantitative measures of endurance, strength, and gait speed and qualitative perspectives of intervention participants. Results: Based on Wilcoxon analysis, physical fitness outcome measures including endurance and lower and upper body strength significantly (p < .02) improved. Based on qualitative results of 2 focus groups and 14 individual interviews, participants expressed positive changes in endurance, strength, gait speed, flexibility, and balance. They also reported improvements in walking ability and duration, and expressed a desire to continue yoga and increase levels of exercise. Conclusions: With the objective of improving physical fitness and exercise for older adults with chronic stroke, it is important for self-management interventions to provide specific safe and feasible physical activity components, such as yoga. Clinical Implications: Health professionals may improve offered chronic stroke self-management interventions by incorporating yoga.
Acoustic environments that support equally accessible oral higher education as a human right

Abstract Purpose: People have the right to freedom of opinion and expression, as defined in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Higher education plays a major role in helping students to develop and express their own opinions and, therefore, should be equally accessible to all. This article focuses on how students judge the accessibility to oral instruction in higher education listening contexts. Method: We collected data from 191 students in higher education by means of a questionnaire, addressing understanding speech in different types of classrooms and various educational settings. Result: In lecture halls, understanding speech was judged to be significantly worse than in smaller classrooms. Two important negative factors were identified: background noise in classrooms and lecture halls and the non-use of a microphone. Conclusions: In lecture halls students achieve good or excellent speech perception only when lecturers are using a microphone. Nevertheless, this is not a standard practice. To achieve genuine inclusion in tertiary education programs, it is essential to remove acoustic barriers to understanding speech as much as possible. This study is a first step to identify communication facilitators to oral higher education instruction, for students with hearing loss or communication impairment.
Longitudinal Assessment of Proximal Tubular Dysfunction in HIV Seropositive and Seronegative Persons: Correlates and Implications

Background: Proximal tubular dysfunction (PTD) is common in HIV-positive persons and has been associated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). However, few studies have assessed the natural history PTD in HIV-positive and -negative individuals, or the association of PTD with the subsequent trajectory of directly measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR). Methods: We followed 192 HIV-positive and 100 HIV-negative, nondiabetic participants for 3 years. We measured 3 PTD markers (normoglycemic glycosuria, fractional excretion of phosphorus, and tubular proteinuria) and mGFR (by iohexol disappearance from serum) annually. We used univariate and multivariate generalized estimating equation logistic regression to identify factors associated with PTD across all visits and linear mixed effects models to assess the association between baseline PTD and mGFR slope. Results: Compared with HIV-negative participants, HIV-positive persons that were not taking antiretroviral therapy were at increased risk of PTD (adjusted odds ratio 3.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.65 to 6.71), whereas those taking a TDF-based or a TDF-sparing regimen were not at significantly increased risk of PTD. Among HIV-positive participants, uncontrolled viremia was a strong correlate of PTD. Forty-nine of 55 (89%) participants with PTD at baseline had at least 1 subsequent visit without PTD. There was no association between baseline PTD and rate of decline in mGFR over time. Conclusions: Poorly controlled HIV may be a stronger risk factor for PTD than TDF use. The individual-level variability of the PTD markers over time was high, potentially limiting their usefulness for routine screening in unselected patients. Baseline PTD was not associated with subsequent mGFR slope.
lncRNAs as Novel Indicators of Patients' Prognosis in Stage I Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Retrospective and Multicentric Study

Purpose: Stage I epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) represents about 10% of all EOCs and is characterized by good prognosis with fewer than 20% of patients relapsing. As it occurs less frequently than advanced-stage EOC, its molecular features have not been thoroughly investigated. We have demonstrated that in stage I EOC miR-200c-3p can predict patients' outcome. In the present study, we analyzed the expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) to enable potential definition of a non-coding transcriptional signature with prognostic relevance for stage I EOC. Experimental Design: 202 snap-frozen stage I EOC tumor biopsies, 47 of which relapsed, were gathered together from three independent tumor tissue collections and subdivided into a training set (n = 73) and a validation set (n = 129). Median follow up was 9 years. LncRNAs' expression profiles were correlated in univariate and multivariate analysis with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: The expression of lnc-SERTAD2-3, lnc-SOX4-1, lnc-HRCT1-1, and PVT1 was associated in univariate and multivariate analyses with relapse and poor outcome in both training and validation sets (P < 0.001). Using the expression profiles of PVT1, lnc-SERTAD2-3, and miR-200c-3p simultaneously, it was possible to stratify patients into high and low risk. The OS for high- and low-risk individuals are 36 and 123 months, respectively (OR, 15.55; 95% confidence interval, 3.81–63.36). Conclusions: We have identified a non-coding transcriptional signature predictor of survival and biomarker of relapse for stage I EOC. Clin Cancer Res; 23(9); 2356–66. ©2016 AACR.
Seawater spray injury to Quercus acutissima leaves: Crystal deposition, stomatal clogging, and chloroplast degeneration

Effects of seawater spray on leaf structure were investigated in Quercus acutissima by electron microscopy and X‐ray microanalysis. Two‐year‐old seedlings of Q. acutissima were sprayed with seawater and kept in a greenhouse maintained at 25°C. The most recognizable symptoms of seawater‐sprayed seedlings included leaf necrosis, crystal deposition, stomatal clogging, and chloroplast degeneration. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed that the leaf surface was covered with additional layers of remnants of seawater spray. Composed of sodium and chloride, cube‐shaped crystals (halite) were prevalently found on trichomes and epidermis, and formed aggregates. Meanwhile, wedge‐shaped crystals were deposited on epidermis and consisted of calcium and sulfur. As a result of stomatal clogging by crystal deposition on the abaxial surface, it was conceivable that plant respiration became severely hampered. Transmission electron microscopy showed degenerated cytoplasm of seawater‐sprayed leaves. It was common to observe severe plasmolysis and disrupted chloroplasts with a reduced number of thylakoids in grana. These results indicate that foliar applications of seawater were sufficient to induce necrosis of Q. acutissima seedlings as an abiotic disturbance factor. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Speed Bump Detection Using Accelerometric Features: A Genetic Algorithm Approach

Among the current challenges of the Smart City, traffic management and maintenance are of utmost importance. Road surface monitoring is currently performed by humans, but the road surface condition is one of the main indicators of road quality, and it may drastically affect fuel consumption and the safety of both drivers and pedestrians. Abnormalities in the road, such as manholes and potholes, can cause accidents when not identified by the drivers. Furthermore, human-induced abnormalities, such as speed bumps, could also cause accidents. In addition, while said obstacles ought to be signalized according to specific road regulation, they are not always correctly labeled. Therefore, we developed a novel method for the detection of road abnormalities (i.e., speed bumps). This method makes use of a gyro, an accelerometer, and a GPS sensor mounted in a car. After having the vehicle cruise through several streets, data is retrieved from the sensors. Then, using a cross-validation strategy, a genetic algorithm is used to find a logistic model that accurately detects road abnormalities. The proposed model had an accuracy of 0.9714 in a blind evaluation, with a false positive rate smaller than 0.018, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.9784. This methodology has the potential to detect speed bumps in quasi real-time conditions, and can be used to construct a real-time surface monitoring system.
Visualizing the Intellectual Structure of Eye Movement Research in Cartography

Eye movement research is a burgeoning frontier area in cartography that has attracted much attention from cartographers. However, the substantial amount of relevant literature poses a challenge for researchers aiming to obtain a rapid understanding of the intellectual structure of this research field. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the use of bibliometric analysis methods and multiple visual metaphors to visualize the intellectual structure of eye movement research in cartography, including the classic literature, research theme clusters, and research hotspots, etc. We also explain the use of geovisualization method, which can efficiently represent the spatial distribution of scientific power. Although the analysis results may not fully describe the whole research field, this method is generally applicable. We hope that it will not only help researchers to quickly grasp the evolution and trends of this research field, but will also become a novel method of merging geovisualization with knowledge visualization.
Performance Evaluation of a Silicide-Based Thermoelectric Generator for Power Generation

A TEG composed of p-type higher manganese silicide and n-type magnesium silicide-stannide was evaluated by theoretical simulation based on finite element method and steady-state approximation. The geometry factors, heat flux, power output and the thermal electrical conversion efficiency of the TEG were calculated by applying the measured thermoelectric parameters of each leg into the simulation tool. Furthermore, the contact effect on the performance of the TEG was analyzed by separately introducing a contact layer between the thermoelectric legs and the metal layers having specific electrical and thermal conductivity. It was found that the different cross-sectional areas were required for the p-and n-type legs to achieve maximum module output or conversion efficiency. In ideal contact state, a promising efficiency of 8.29% can be obtained at a given temperature gradient. On the other hand, the performance of the TEG might be seriously deteriorated if the electrical or/and thermal resistance of the contact layer increased.
Identifying the optimal set of attributes that impose high impact on the end results of a cricket match using machine learning

Indian Premier League (IPL) is a franchise system based, annual cricket tournament. IPL deals with millions of dollars. The amount of money spent on the IPL teams imposes high pressure on owners to search victories, which depends on team performance. Essentially, it is critical to find the right set of metrics that would lead to assemble a team with the highest chance of winning. This study attempts to identify the optimal set of attributes, which impose the high impact on the results of a cricket match. Determining an optimal set of attributes will help team owners to look for players with these attributes to form a team by which they can enhance the winnability of a cricket team. Several efforts have already been taken to address this problem without much success. Most of the existing works focused on identifying different performance metrics based on their domain knowledge of cricket. The proposed solution relies on statistical analysis and machine learning while minimizing the use of domain knowledge. Ball by ball data for all past IPL matches were collected, aggregated to innings level details for the analysis and the problem is modeled as a classification problem. The data set contained a set of features based on the innings level data and win/lose/draw class labels. Different machine learning algorithms were employed, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) achieved the best accuracy in the evaluation. Then, we examined all possible feature combinations using SVM by using separate training and testing sets. Finally, the attribute set that yields the highest accuracy in the evaluation is identified, which will be the optimal set of attributes that impose the high impact on the end results of a cricket match.
Maximum Profit Model for Longitudinal Multi-Level Inventory Structure

In this research we study the demand characteristics and service sensitivity of solar energy water heater products in the whole life cycle, establish the maximum profit model of multi-level inventory system. Adopt the maximum profit model checking the enterprise actual research instance, analysis the relationship of the customer mean demand changes between the optimal service level or the maximum profit, the results show that the maximum profit model can reflect the relationship of the customer mean demand changes between the maximum profit.
On the use of tentative decisions to cancel intersymbol interference and nonlinear distortion (with application to magnetic recording channels)

We develop a theory of the error rate of receivers that use tentative decisions for adaptive cancellation of intersymbol interference (ISI). We formulate precise conditions under which tentative decisions can be effectively used to cancel linear or nonlinear ISI, and verify the predictions of the theory by Monte Carlo simulations on four typical channels. In the case of magnetic recording channels, we show that the conditions for effective cancellation are satisfied by the precursor interference generated by inductive read heads, resulting in an improvement of the noise margin of 2 dB at the output of a symbol-by-symbol detector or 1 dB at the output of a Viterbi decoder at a bit error rate of 10/sup -9/. This technique has been incorporated in an experimental VLSI partial response maximum-likelihood (PRML) receiver, and the results confirmed by laboratory measurements. We also show that no improvement is obtained when this technique is used to compensate nonlinear distortion, which is another common impairment of magnetic recording channels, and we establish fundamental limits for the improvement achievable by any nonlinear equalization technique in magnetic recording.
Stability of North Atlantic water masses in face of pronounced climate variability during the Pleistocene

[1] Geochemical profiles from the North Atlantic Ocean suggest that the vertical δ13C structure of the water column at intermediate depths did not change significantly between glacial and interglacial time over much of the Pleistocene, despite large changes in ice volume and iceberg delivery from nearby landmasses. The most anomalous δ13C profiles are from the extreme interglaciations of the late Pleistocene. This compilation of data suggests that, unlike today (an extreme interglaciation), the two primary sources of northern deep water, Norwegian-Greenland Sea and Labrador Sea/subpolar North Atlantic, had different characteristic δ13C values over most of the Pleistocene. We speculate that the current open sea ice conditions in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea are a relatively rare occurrence and that the high-δ13C deep water that forms in this region today is geologically unusual. If northern source deep waters can have highly variable δ13C, then this likelihood must be considered when inferring past circulation changes from benthic δ13C records.
Applications of fabricated micro- and nanostructures in biomedicine

Micro- and nanostructures are found widely in nature and are important for the development and maintenance of organisms. Fabricated structures of dimensions corresponding to native biological structures may be obtained by methods such as laser-based fabrication and are of special relevance to applications in biology and medicine, as they impact cellular behavior. In this review, we will examine how fabricated structures of a particular length scale interact with natural structures of corresponding dimensions to produce the designed response, thus giving readers a primer on how laser-based fabrication may be fruitfully applied to biomedicine. Lasers have been used to fabricate nanopores for a variety of applications at the molecular level, such as the analysis of DNA. At the subcellular level, microstructures such as elastic beams fabricated by laser direct writing have been used to adhere and interact with cells. In the area of tissue engineering, an important application of micro- and nanostructures is related to their ability to control intercellular interactions. The fabricated structures facilitate the positioning of cells with respect to each other, so as to simulate the complexity of native tissues. Focused laser sources have also been used to create channels modified with functionalities to help guide cell migration.
An Arithmetic Property of Moments of the β-Hermite Ensemble and Certain Map Enumerators

Moments of the $\beta$-Hermite ensemble are known to be related to the enumerative theory of topological maps. When $\beta \in \{ 1, 2 \}$, asymptotic information about these moments has been used to deduce asymptotics on the number of maps of given genus, and arithmetic information about these moments can sometimes be explained by underlying group actions on the set of maps. In this paper we establish a new arithmetic property about the $2q$-th moment of the $\beta$-Hermite ensemble, for any prime $q \ge 3$ and real number $\beta > 0$, that has a combinatorial interpretation in terms of maps but no known combinatorial explanation. In the process, we derive several additional results that might be of independent interest, including a general integrality statement and an efficient algorithm for evaluating expectations of multi-part elementary symmetric polynomials of bounded length.
A bioactive peptide amidating enzyme is required for ciliogenesis

The pathways controlling cilium biogenesis in different cell types have not been fully elucidated. We recently identified peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM), an enzyme required for generating amidated bioactive signaling peptides, in Chlamydomonas and mammalian cilia. Here, we show that PAM is required for the normal assembly of motile and primary cilia in Chlamydomonas, planaria and mice. Chlamydomonas PAM knockdown lines failed to assemble cilia beyond the transition zone, had abnormal Golgi architecture and altered levels of cilia assembly components. Decreased PAM gene expression reduced motile ciliary density on the ventral surface of planaria and resulted in the appearance of cytosolic axonemes lacking a ciliary membrane. The architecture of primary cilia on neuroepithelial cells in Pam-/- mouse embryos was also aberrant. Our data suggest that PAM activity and alterations in post-Golgi trafficking contribute to the observed ciliogenesis defects and provide an unanticipated, highly conserved link between PAM, amidation and ciliary assembly. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.25728. 001
Segmentation of dermatological ulcers using clustering of color components

Chronic wounds, lesions, or ulcers due to venous insufficiency and other conditions typically have a nonuniform mixture of red granulation, yellow fibrin (slough), black necrotic eschar (scar), and white hyperkeratotic tissue (callous). Such a red-yellow-black-white (RYKW) model is used by clinicians as a descriptive tool. To facilitate the analysis of the tissue composition of a lesion, we propose color imaging and image processing methods. Methods based on clustering of color components in hue-saturation histograms and mathematical morphology are proposed for the segmentation of a given image into regions corresponding to red, yellow, black, and white tissue. Tests with 172 images indicated an average Jaccard coefficient of 0.56 with a standard deviation of 0.22 between the lesion area obtained computationally and the same lesion region manually delineated by a dermatologist. More importantly, a low average root-mean-squared error of 4% with a standard deviation of 5% was obtained between the tissue composition of lesions estimated using the proposed segmentation method and manual analysis.