Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Tool to Support the CRC Design Method

Software design is an essential yet challenging concept for students in computer science and software engineering. Classes, Responsibilities, and Collaborations (CRC) is a design method focused on creating highly cohesive and modular systems. Classes describe real-world objects that exist in a system. These classes are assigned responsibilities, i.e., data and actions that the class is required to support. A class may fulfill a responsibility by itself, or it may collaborate with some other class to fulfill the responsibility. The interactions among classes must be described in detail and eventually translated into method signatures. Related responsibilities of each class are grouped into clusters called contracts. Contract responsibilities are those that perform a general service for other classes. Responsibilities that do not service outside classes are known as private responsibilities. A higher level of abstraction of this model is invoked through the use of subsystems. Subsystems can contain classes and other subsystems that combined perform a general function or set of related functions. In doing this, the design can hold several levels of abstraction. When using the CRC method as described in text books, a design team writes information on index cards. Each card represents a class. It shows the name, description, superclass, subclasses, responsibilities, collaborations, and subsystems of a class. The advantage is that the design team can easily move the cards around to visualize the design, and modifications to the design can be made quickly by simply replacing cards. Some difficulties with this approach is that design layouts are not easily transferred to team members when the spatial relations are eliminated, modification of complex classes becomes tedious, and since the data is contained only in hand-written form, it is necessary to transfer the content of cards into an electronic medium in order to use software development tools such as Rational Rose or to document the design. The CRC Design Assistant is a software tool created to assist students during the design process. It stores a design in a database and assists designers in the creation and modification of designs using the CRC method. CRC cards are represented graphically and can be easily manipulated using the mouse and keyboard. The tool can generate design documents in MS Word and UML diagrams, which can be uploaded into other tools for processing. The automation allows students to focus on the actual design of a system rather than spend time revising documents. The tool is available for download from the University of Texas at El Paso web site.
An efficient hot channel identification scheme for IPTV channel navigation

Internet protocol television (IPTV), which is rapidly growing in popularity, can provide hundreds of channels; but the very number of channels, and the delay in switching between them due to network bandwidth limitations, can make it difficult for viewers to find the content they want. To address these problems, this paper presents a novel scheme that identifies 'hot' channels, those likely to be watched in the near future by a target viewer. Then, the scheme actively maintains a list of hot channels, and a second list of cold channels. Channels are allocated to one of the lists based on their recent popularity across all IPTV viewers and the target viewer's own viewing history. The hot list is searched first during channel navigation, and hot channels are also prefetched in low resolution to support a preview mode; this combination usually reduces zapping time substantially, even if network bandwidth is limited. A prototype architecture of the proposed scheme is developed. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme significantly improves channel seek time compared to adjacency-based prefetching, popularity-based prefetching, popularity-based arrangement, or a simple numerical ordering.
Sum-Of-Squares and Sum-Of-Amplitudes Receiver Antenna Selection for Alamouti MIMO in Correlated Fading

The performances of two recently proposed receiver antenna selection schemes based on maximum sum-of- squares and maximum sum-of-amplitudes are investigated for the Alamouti space-time block coded multiple-input multiple-output system with correlated receiver antennas and M-ary signals. These schemes require neither channel estimation nor channel quality ordering. Their performances are compared with the conventional diversity selection scheme based on maximum signal- to-noise ratio, which does require channel quality information. Unlike the independent antenna case, where the performances of the new selection schemes are very close to that of the conventional scheme, the performance differences between the new schemes and the conventional scheme is significant in some cases when the receiver antennas are correlated.
Graphs with the cycle extension property

A connected graph G is said to have the cycle extension property (or more briefly, “G is CEP”) if it contains a 2-factor and for every cycle C in G with |V (C)| ≤ |V (G)| − 3, there is a 2-factor FC in G which includes C. We characterize all graphs which are CEP.
Expression of Myelin Basic Protein Genes in the Developing Mouse Brain

Myelination is a major biological event during the early postnatal development of the mouse brain, yet relatively little is known about the mechanism and regulation of myelin assembly. In view of the importance of the myelin sheath in the maintenance of a functionally normal brain, and because of the wide variety of neurological diseases and nutritional deficiencies that result in hypomyelination, studies into the mechanism by which the membrane is formed are particularly important. Current understanding of the synthesis of myelin proteins and their assembly into the membrane is very incomplete, and research in this area is only at its earliest stages. The overall process by which proteins are synthesized and assembled into myelin may arbitrarily be divided into three rather broad stages: (a) the synthesis and processing of the mRNAs which code for the myelin proteins; (b) the translation of these mRNAs on ribosomes and subsequent posttranslational modification of the myelin proteins; and (c) the intracellular transport and assembly of these proteins into myelin.
A Study on Various Methods of Gender Identification Based on Fingerprints

-Within today’s environment of increased importance of security and organization, identification and authentication methods have developed into a key technology. Fingerprints are one of the most mature biometric technologies and are considered legitimate proofs of evidence in courts of law all over the world. This study highlights the various ridge related methods like fingerprint ridge count, ridge density, ridge thickness to valley thickness ration, ridge width and fingerprint patterns used for gender identification. Also, this study proposes, a frequency domain analysis of fingerprint instead of traditional ridge related analysis, an efficient technique that can be used for partitioning large biometric database during identification.
Consequences of bullying victimization in childhood and adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis

AIM To identify health and psychosocial problems associated with bullying victimization and conduct a meta-analysis summarizing the causal evidence. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, ERIC and PsycINFO electronic databases up to 28 February 2015. The study included published longitudinal and cross-sectional articles that examined health and psychosocial consequences of bullying victimization. All meta-analyses were based on quality-effects models. Evidence for causality was assessed using Bradford Hill criteria and the grading system developed by the World Cancer Research Fund. RESULTS Out of 317 articles assessed for eligibility, 165 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. Statistically significant associations were observed between bullying victimization and a wide range of adverse health and psychosocial problems. The evidence was strongest for causal associations between bullying victimization and mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, poor general health and suicidal ideation and behaviours. Probable causal associations existed between bullying victimization and tobacco and illicit drug use. CONCLUSION Strong evidence exists for a causal relationship between bullying victimization, mental health problems and substance use. Evidence also exists for associations between bullying victimization and other adverse health and psychosocial problems, however, there is insufficient evidence to conclude causality. The strong evidence that bullying victimization is causative of mental illness highlights the need for schools to implement effective interventions to address bullying behaviours.
Sleep Duration, Restfulness, and Screens in the Sleep Environment

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Associations of inadequate sleep with numerous health outcomes among youth necessitate identifying its modifiable determinants. Television (TV) has been associated with sleep curtailment, but little is known about small screens (eg, smartphones), which can be used in bed and emit notifications. Therefore, we examined associations of different screens in sleep environments with sleep duration and perceived insufficient rest or sleep. METHODS: Participants included 2048 fourth- and seventh-graders participating in the Massachusetts Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration Study in 2012 to 2013. Using linear and log binomial regression, we examined cross-sectional associations of small screens and TVs in sleep environments and screen time with weekday sleep duration and perceived insufficient rest or sleep in the past week. RESULTS: Children who slept near a small screen (compared with never) reported 20.6 fewer minutes of sleep (95% confidence interval [CI], −29.7 to −11.4) and had a higher prevalence of perceived insufficient rest or sleep (prevalence ratio, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.21 to 1.60). Children who slept in a room with a TV (compared with no TV) reported 18.0 fewer minutes of sleep (95% CI, −27.9 to −8.1). TV or DVD viewing and video or computer game playing were associated with both sleep outcomes (P < .01). Some associations were stronger among Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, and older children (P < .05 for heterogeneity). CONCLUSIONS: Sleeping near a small screen, sleeping with a TV in the room, and more screen time were associated with shorter sleep durations. Presence of a small screen, but not a TV, in the sleep environment and screen time were associated with perceived insufficient rest or sleep. These findings caution against unrestricted screen access in children’s bedrooms.
MicroRNA miR-451 downregulates the PI3K/AKT pathway through CAB39 in human glioma

The microRNA miR-451 is downregulated in gliomas, this has been suggested by several different research groups and is consistent with our data. Our previous study also confirmed that miR-451 has a repressive role in glioma by inhibiting cell growth, proliferation and by inducing cell apoptosis. In the present study, we identified a target gene of miR-451 in human glioma and investigated the mechanism for the glioma suppressive effect of miR-451 functions. Expression of miR-451 in gliomas was identified by quantitative real-time PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Human glioma cell lines (U251, U87, LN229 and A172) were transfected with miR-451 mimics to restore miR-451 expression. The tumor suppressive effects of miR-451 were further verified by subcutaneous assays in nude mice, in addition to our previous in vitro data. A candidate target gene was tested by Western blotting and luciferase reporter assays. Some PI3K/AKT pathway factors were tested by Western blotting. We found that miR-451 expression was downregulated in glioma samples and was inversely correlated with WHO grades of gliomas. In vivo assays confirmed that miR-451 had tumor suppressive traits. CAB39-3′UTR luciferase reporter assay confirmed CAB39 as a direct target gene of miR-451. Significant alterations in the expression of PI3K/AKT pathway factors were observed by Western blot assays. We conclude that miR-451 represses glioma in vitro and in vivo, likely through targeting CAB39 directly and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway indirectly.
Multi-mode/multi-carrier resource management in CDMA/AMPS deployment

The promise of PCS (personal communication service) is to bring affordable wireless communication service to maximum number of users at any time, any where. To materialize this goal, service providers need to identify the most optimum migration plan for the existing technology with the best technology and cost structure. In North America, analog cellular service, or AMPS, had been in existence since 1982. Due to the capacity limitation of AMPS technology, many, if not all of the AMPS operators are planning to digitalize their networks. Some operators choose to migrate their networks to TDMA, or the IS-136, while more operators choose to migrate their networks to CDMA, or the IS-95. This paper focuses on the migration from AMPS to CDMA. From the subscriber unit side, there are dual-mode (1900 CDMA, AMPS) and tri-mode (1900 CDMA, 800 CDMA, AMPS) terminals commercially available. From the infrastructure side, this multi-mode, multi-carrier CDMA/ AMPS deployment provides an invaluable opportunity to maximize the trunking efficiency across this pool of traffic-carrying capacity. The "grey zone" issue has arisen from the imbalance of the forward and reverse links in CDMA at the border areas of the overlying carrier in the same and/or different modes. There is a need for an IS-95A solution to address the "grey zone" issue. An alternative solution is discussed which will work with the existing IS-95A phones. Once this grey zone issue is resolved, operators will be able to flawlessly deploy the multi-mode (CDMA/AMPS) terminals in the network. The investigation analyses the expected gain in statistical multiplier effect (or the trunking efficiency) for the different mix of phones.
The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and health promotion: strengthening the ties

Successful tobacco control efforts in developed countries have provided an illustration of the application of health promotion principles, most notably the critical value of social mobilization for change and use of comprehensive health promotion strategies. Tobacco control efforts in developed countries are now starting to grapple with the challenge of closing the health equity gap. In developed countries, the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), though derived from a global social movement, is facing challenges in implementation because of relatively little support from the population as a whole, along with weak government infrastructure. Furthermore, developing countries are often more concerned about the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and access to primary health care, not to mention poverty alleviation in general, than tobacco use and non-communicable diseases. Health promotion and the FCTC have shared interests in relation to both health equity and capacity building. Therefore, a civil society coalition built around these common interests — and broader issues — may provide a stronger support for FCTC implementation. Strengthening the ties between health promotion and the FCTC could lead to stronger advocacy, better knowledge management systems, more integrated community-based programs, and stronger workforce capacity. These, in turn, could reduce tobacco smoking and other risks to health, as well as help close the health equity gap in developed and developing countries. (Global Health Promotion, 2010; Supp (1): pp. 76—80)
Projecting prevalence by stage of care for prostate cancer and estimating future health service needs: protocol for a modelling study

Introduction Current strategies for the management of prostate cancer are inadequate in Australia. We will, in this study, estimate current service needs and project the future needs for prostate cancer patients in Australia. Methods and analysis First, we will project the future prevalence of prostate cancer for 2010–2018 using data for 1972–2008 from the New South Wales (NSW) Central Cancer Registry. These projections, based on modelled incidence and survival estimates, will be estimated using PIAMOD (Prevalence, Incidence, Analysis MODel) software. Then the total prevalence will be decomposed into five stages of care: initial care, continued monitoring, recurrence, last year of life and long-term survivor. Finally, data from the NSW Prostate Cancer Care and Outcomes Study, including data on patterns of treatment and associated quality of life, will be used to estimate the type and amount of services that will be needed by prostate cancer patients in each stage of care. In addition, Central Cancer Registry episode data will be used to estimate transition rates from localised or locally advanced prostate cancer to metastatic disease. Medicare and Pharmaceutical Benefits data, linked with Prostate Cancer Care and Outcomes Study data, will be used to complement the Cancer Registry episode data. The methods developed will be applied Australia-wide to obtain national estimates of the future prevalence of prostate cancer for different stages of clinical care. Ethics and dissemination This study was approved by the NSW Population and Health Services Research Ethics Committee. Results of the study will be disseminated widely to different interest groups and organisations through a report, conference presentations and peer-reviewed articles.
Exploring the Hand Test With Medically Ill Children and Adolescents

Pediatric psychologists use the tools of assessment to evaluate the psychological functioning of youth with chronic and acute medical illnesses. This study is an exploration of the use of a performance-based measure, the Hand Test (HT; Wagner, 1983), with pediatric medical patients. A sample of medical inpatients (n = 27) and psychiatric outpatients (n = 24) were administered the HT, a self-report measure, and a parent-report behavior rating scale. Results indicate that the psychiatric group scored higher than the medical group on HT Aggression, Withdrawal, and Pathological scores. The Aggression (d = 0.90) and Pathological (d = 0.80) variables were particularly robust in differentiating between groups, but the Crippled variable did not differ between groups. Hierarchical logistic regression demonstrated the incremental validity of the HT over behavior ratings alone in the classification of clinical groups. Analyses indicated that the HT can add important information in the differentiation of medically ill children from those with psychological disturbance.
Defining Relations on Graphs: How Hard is it in the Presence of Node Partitions?

Designing query languages for graph structured data is an active field of research. Evaluating a query on a graph results in a relation on the set of its nodes. In other words, a query is a mechanism for defining relations on a graph. Some relations may not be definable by any query in a given language. This leads to the following question: given a graph, a query language and a relation on the graph, does there exist a query in the language that defines the relation? This is called the definability problem. When the given query language is standard regular expressions, the definability problem is known to be PSPACE-complete. The model of graphs can be extended by labeling nodes with values from an infinite domain. These labels induce a partition on the set of nodes: two nodes are equivalent if they are labeled by the same value. Query languages can also be extended to make use of this equivalence. Two such extensions are Regular Expressions with Memory (REM) and Regular Expressions with Equality (REE). In this paper, we study the complexity of the definability problem in this extended model when the query language is either REM or REE. We show that the definability problem is EXPSPACE-complete when the query language is REM, and it is PSPACE-complete when the query language is REE. In addition, when the query language is a union of conjunctive queries based on REM or REE, we show CoNP-completeness.
Article in Press G Model Journal of Neuroscience Methods Near-field Electromagnetic Holography for High-resolution Analysis of Network Interactions in Neuronal Tissue

Near-field electromagnetic holography for high-resolution analysis of network interactions in neuronal tissue. • We developed a method to estimate electromagnetic field vectors from microelectrode array data. • The vectors allow high-resolution holographic reconstruction of spatiotemporal activity. Q3 • Separation of electromagnetic source density and dissipation informs on activity structure. • Electromagnetic flow maps quantify dynamic causal interactions in brain tissue. Keywords: Electromagnetic field Holography Microelectrode array Dynamic causal interactions a b s t r a c t Background: Brain function is dependent upon the concerted, dynamical interactions between a great many neurons distributed over many cortical subregions. Current methods of quantifying such interactions are limited by consideration only of single direct or indirect measures of a subsample of all neuronal population activity. New method: Here we present a new derivation of the electromagnetic analogy to near-field acoustic holography allowing high-resolution, vectored estimates of interactions between sources of electromagnetic activity that significantly improves this situation. In vitro voltage potential recordings were used to estimate pseudo-electromagnetic energy flow vector fields, current and energy source densities and energy dissipation in reconstruction planes at depth into the neural tissue parallel to the recording plane of the microelectrode array. Results: The properties of the reconstructed near-field estimate allowed both the utilization of super-resolution techniques to increase the imaging resolution beyond that of the microelectrode array, and facilitated a novel approach to estimating causal relationships between activity in neocortical subregions. Comparison with existing methods: The holographic nature of the reconstruction method allowed significantly better estimation of the fine spatiotemporal detail of neuronal population activity, compared with interpolation alone, beyond the spatial resolution of the electrode arrays used. Pseudo-energy flow vector mapping was possible with high temporal precision, allowing a near-realtime estimate of causal interaction dynamics. Conclusions: Basic near-field electromagnetic holography provides a powerful means to increase spatial resolution from electrode array data with careful choice of spatial filters and distance to reconstruction plane. More detailed approaches may provide the ability to volumetrically reconstruct activity patterns on neuronal tissue, but the ability to extract vectored data with the method presented already permits the study of dynamic causal interactions without bias from any prior assumptions on anatomical connectivity.