Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kesulitan Belajar Sains: Studi Pada Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Mata Pelajaran Sains Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri 10 Jatimulya Kabupaten Bekasi

This research aims at objectively describe learning disorder on SAINS instruction among the grade-four student of elementary school in Sekolah Dasar Negeri 10, Jatimulya Kabupaten Bekasi. The focus of the study is to identify the school’s component in which make the student’s disorder in SAINS learning. In this study the school school component was limited into five factor; (1) teacher professionalism, (2) the employing of material learning, (3) the reference books of learning process, (4) the employing of library, (5) the employing of laboratory The study is conducted with qualitative method with naturalistic approach, especially ethnography. The datawere collected through an observation, interview, and documentary analysis, especially recorded materials and photo. The subject of research are the students of grade-four. The data were analyzed continuously as long as the implementation of research. The analysis were conducted an inductive method. It was done gradually based on the location of the observation. The validity of data were affirmed by the widespread participation, the accuracy of observation and triangulation techniques. The research finds that the disability learning of grade-four students of elementary school in SDN 10 Jatmulya Kabupaten Bekasi, was caused by some factor, there were: (1) the content of subject learning on science were overloaded and dominated by foreign’s scientific term, (2) the usege of learning material by the teacher was not yet familiar and had an serious impact in students disability to understand the science subject matter, (3) the teacher has a major role in learning process instead of the students, while the subject’s explanation by the teacher is monoton and bored.
Finding the Unusual Medical Time Series: Algorithms and Applications

In this work we introduce the new problem of finding time series discords. Time series discords are subsequences of longer time series that are maximally different to all the rest of the time series subsequences. They thus capture the sense of the most unusual subsequence within a time series. While discords have many uses for data mining, they are particularly attractive as anomaly detectors because they only require one intuitive parameter (the length of the subsequence) unlike most anomaly detection algorithms that typically require many parameters. While the brute force algorithm to discover time series discords is quadratic in the length of the time series, we show a simple algorithm that is 3 to 4 orders of magnitude faster than brute force, while guaranteed to produce identical results. We evaluate our work with a comprehensive set of experiments on electrocardiograms and other medical datasets.
Adult Vascular Wall Resident Multipotent Vascular Stem Cells, Matrix Metalloproteinases, and Arterial Aneurysms

Evidences have shown the presence of multipotent stem cells (SCs) at sites of arterial aneurysms: they can differentiate into smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and are activated after residing in a quiescent state in the vascular wall. Recent studies have implicated the role of matrix metalloproteinases in the pathogenesis of arterial aneurysms: in fact the increased synthesis of MMPs by arterial SMCs is thought to be a pivotal mechanism in aneurysm formation. The factors and signaling pathways involved in regulating wall resident SC recruitment, survival, proliferation, growth factor production, and differentiation may be also related to selective expression of different MMPs. This review explores the relationship between adult vascular wall resident multipotent vascular SCs, MMPs, and arterial aneurysms.
Predicting Food Cravings: A Piece of Cake or a Hard Nut To Crack?

The present study aimed to extend previous research investigating the relationships between predictors of food cravings in order to produce some preliminary findings in relation to the variable of sweet food cravings and its relationship to body image avoidance. The sample consisted of 139 university students (36 men and 103 women) at least 18 years old. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed on body image avoidance, trait anxiety and BMI to examine predictors of food cravings. Both body image avoidance and gender separately predicted cravings for sweet foods, with women experiencing more sweet food cravings than men. However, no significant relationship was found between body image avoidance and general food cravings. BMI was not related to trait anxiety. Further implications of the results and directions for future research are discussed.
Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm: A Comprhensive Survey

Genetic Algorithm can find multiple optimal solutions in one single simulation run due to their population approach. Thus, Genetic algorithms are ideal candidates for solving multi-objective optimization problems. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of most multi-objective EA approaches suggested since the evolution of such algorithms. This paper provides an extensive discussion on the principles of multi-objective genetic algorithm and the use of multi- objective genetic algorithm in solving some problems.
Performance comparison of SNP detection tools with illumina exome sequencing data—an assessment using both family pedigree information and sample-matched SNP array data

To apply exome-seq-derived variants in the clinical setting, there is an urgent need to identify the best variant caller(s) from a large collection of available options. We have used an Illumina exome-seq dataset as a benchmark, with two validation scenarios—family pedigree information and SNP array data for the same samples, permitting global high-throughput cross-validation, to evaluate the quality of SNP calls derived from several popular variant discovery tools from both the open-source and commercial communities using a set of designated quality metrics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first large-scale performance comparison of exome-seq variant discovery tools using high-throughput validation with both Mendelian inheritance checking and SNP array data, which allows us to gain insights into the accuracy of SNP calling through such high-throughput validation in an unprecedented way, whereas the previously reported comparison studies have only assessed concordance of these tools without directly assessing the quality of the derived SNPs. More importantly, the main purpose of our study was to establish a reusable procedure that applies high-throughput validation to compare the quality of SNP discovery tools with a focus on exome-seq, which can be used to compare any forthcoming tool(s) of interest.
Gomy: The Baby Bear-like Robot for Emotional Human-Robot Interaction

This paper describes the design of emotional interactive robot, one of the important issues in socially interactive robot. We developed the Gomy, the baby bear-like robot, considering social evocativeness and social interface for emotional interaction with human. Emotional interaction system of Gomy is based on very simple 2-D emotion space and consists of intention recognition system, emotion generations system, and emotion expression system. Gomy senses human's intention from touch, stroke, and/or loudness of sound using four force sensitive resistors (FSRs), an accelerometer, and a microphone. From sensed human's intention, Gomy generates two continuous emotion variables (valence and arousal) defining emotion states, and expresses reactive response and 81 kinds of deliberative motion patterns with two motion factors. In our preliminary experiment, Gomy was very attractive to emotional interaction with human.
Unconstrained handwritten character recognition using different classification strategies

In this paper we tackle the problem of unconstrained handwritten character recognition using different classification strategies. For such an aim, four multilayer perceptron classifiers (MLP) are built and used into three different classification strategies: combination of two 26– class classifiers; a 26–metaclass classifier and a 52– class classifier. Experimental results on the NIST SD19 database show that better recognition performance is achieved by the metaclass classifier in which the uppercase and the lowercase representations of the characters are merged into single classes.
Clerkship curricular revision based on the Ambulatory Pediatric Association and the Council on Medical Student Education in Pediatrics guidelines: does it make a difference?

OBJECTIVE To compare general pediatric knowledge acquisition and clinical problem-solving skills by students pre- and postcurricular reform based on the 1994 Ambulatory Pediatric Association and the Council on Medical Student Education in Pediatrics (APA-COMSEP) curricular guidelines. SETTING A large, urban academic medical center. SUBJECTS Third-year medical students on a required clerkship in Pediatrics. INTERVENTION Pre- and postcurricular revision, the students were given both the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) Pediatric Subject Examination and an objective examination, which was developed in-house, based on the APA-COMSEP guidelines (Pediatric Clerkship Examination [PCE]). Baseline data before curricular revision were obtained on 52 students from May 1995 to May 1996. After curricular redesign in May 1996, data were obtained on 42 students from May 1996 to May 1997. Curricular revision focused on the following: defining educational principles, selecting teaching strategies, defining learning objectives, implementing the curriculum, and evaluating the students with an examination. RESULTS Before curricular revision, the average NBME score was 521 +/- 122. The average PCE score was 53.7% +/- 10.1%. After curricular revision, the average NBME score was 520 +/- 109, and the average PCE score was 67.7% +/- 8.4%. Content areas showing the greatest improvement were fluids and electrolytes, issues pertaining to the newborn, and health supervision. CONCLUSIONS Our baseline data indicate that despite spending two thirds of the clerkship in the ambulatory setting, students did not acquire adequate general pediatric knowledge or clinical problem-solving ability. After broad clerkship revision based on the APA-COMSEP Core Curriculum, students' acquisition of general pediatric knowledge and clinical problem-solving improved significantly, as measured by the PCE. The overall NBME Pediatric Subject Examination scores did not reflect this increased acquisition of general pediatric knowledge.
Health, sleep and lack of time: relations to domestic and paid work in nurses.

OBJECTIVE To assess whether reported morbidity and complaints of lack of time and sleep are associated with the burden of professional work and housework among nurses. METHODS A cross-sectional exploratory study was carried out among female nurses and nurse assistants (N=206) of a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire. The prevalence ratio and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. RESULTS Mean duration of professional work and housework time was 40.4 and 31.6 hours/week, respectively. Long professional working time (over 44 hours/week) were associated with mild emotional disorders (PR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.05-1.80), complaints of lack of time for resting/leisure (PR=1.61; 95% CI: 1.31-1.97), housework (PR=1.48; 95% CI: 1.12-1.97), and childcare (PR=1.99; 95% CI: 1.51-2.63). Long housework time (over 28 hours/week) was associated with lower prevalence of lack of time for childcare (PR=0.62; 95% CI: 0.46-0.84). High housework load was associated with lack of personal time and complaints of varicose veins (PR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.14-1.50 and PR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.08-1.58, respectively). Complaints of varicose veins were also frequent among female nurses with a total work load above 84 hours (PR=1.30; 95% CI: 1.05-1.61), though this group has shown a lower prevalence of arterial hypertension and recurrent headaches (PR=0.35; 95% CI: 0.15-0.83 and PR=0.53; 95% CI: 0.32-0.89, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that both professional and home environments are relevant in the evaluation of work overload on nurses' health and their family and social life. It is stressed the need for instruments for analyzing total workload among female populations.
Validity of a Questionnaire Measuring Food Frequency Compared to a 7‐Day Record

ABSTRACT. A questionnaire measuring food frequency was validated against 7‐day records of food intake in a group of 30 children, 2–16 years of age. Special emphasis was given to the ability of the questionnaire to estimate frequency of intake of foods of particular interest in diabetes mel‐litus. Fifteen children had insulin‐dependent diabetes; 15 were healthy. Comparison of the two methods regarding frequency of foods with high content of sucrose, protein, fat, fibres, nitrite or vitamin C showed a correlation of 0.52–0.76. The frequency of intake of some staple foods was often overestimated by the questionnaire, while the frequency of meat, sausage and some sweet snacks was underestimated. The use of the questionnaire to identify high or low consumers of the mentioned nutrients showed a rather low sensitivity (0.38–0.50), but a high specificity (0.86–1.0) when compared with results of the 7‐day record. In our limited sample of subjects no systematic differences were found comparing sexes or diabetic and healthy children. A food frequency questionnaire may, in spite of some important reservations, be a useful tool for screening purposes when more time‐consuming and resource‐demanding methods cannot be used.
Coding of Sound Pressure Level in the Barn Owl's Auditory Nerve

Rate–intensity functions, i.e., the relation between discharge rate and sound pressure level, were recorded from single auditory nerve fibers in the barn owl. Differences in sound pressure level between the owl's two ears are known to be an important cue in sound localization. One objective was therefore to quantify the discharge rates of auditory nerve fibers, as a basis for higher-order processing of sound pressure level. The second aim was to investigate the rate–intensity functions for cues to the underlying cochlear mechanisms, using a model developed in mammals. Rate–intensity functions at the most sensitive frequency mostly showed a well-defined breakpoint between an initial steep segment and a progressively flattening segment. This shape has, in mammals, been convincingly traced to a compressive nonlinearity in the cochlear mechanics, which in turn is a reflection of the cochlear amplifier enhancing low-level stimuli. The similarity of the rate–intensity functions of the barn owl is thus further evidence for a similar mechanism in birds. An interesting difference from mammalian data was that this compressive nonlinearity was not shared among fibers of similar characteristic frequency, suggesting a different mechanism with a more locally differentiated operation than in mammals. In all fibers, the steepest change in discharge rate with rising sound pressure level occurred within 10–20 dB of their respective thresholds. Because the range of neural thresholds at any one characteristic frequency is small in the owl, auditory nerve fibers were collectively most sensitive for changes in sound pressure level within ∼30 dB of the best thresholds. Fibers most sensitive to high frequencies (>6–7 kHz) showed a smaller increase of rate above spontaneous discharge rate than did lower-frequency fibers.
Cross-priming of minor histocompatibility antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells upon immunization with the heat shock protein gp96

Vaccination of mice with heat shock proteins isolated from tumor cells induces immunity to subsequent challenge with those tumor cells the heat shock protein was isolated from but not with other tumor cells (Udono, H., and P.K. Srivastava. 1994. J. Immunol. 152:5398-5403). The specificity of this immune response is caused by tumor-derived peptides bound to the heat shock proteins (Udono., H., and P.K. Srivastava. 1993. J. Exp. Med. 178:1391-1396). Our experiments show that a single immunization with the heat shock protein gp96 isolated from beta- galactosidase (beta-gal) expressing P815 cells (of DBA/2 origin) induces cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specific for beta-gal, in addition to minor H antigens expressed by these cells. CTLs can be induced in mice that are major histocompatibility complex (MHC) identical to the gp96 donor cells (H-2d) as well as in mice with a different MHC (H-2b). Thus gp96 is able to induce "cross priming" (Matzinger, P., and M.J. Bevan. 1977. Cell. Immunol. 33:92-100), indicating that gp96-associated peptides are not limited to the MHC class I ligands of the gp96 donor cell. Our data confirm the notion that samples of all cellular antigens presentable by MHC class I molecules are represented by peptides associated with gp96 molecules of that cell, even if the fitting MHC molecule is not expressed. In addition, we extend previous reports on the in vivo immunogenicity of peptides associated gp96 molecules to two new groups of antigens, minor H antigens, and proteins expressed in the cytosol.
The XMM-LSS survey. First high redshift galaxy clusters: Relaxed and collapsing systems

−1 and XLSSC 003 at z = 0.839 and σ V = 780 +137 −75 km s −1 . These three clusters have X-ray bolometric luminosities LX ∼ 1−3 × 10 44 erg s −1 and temperatures 2−4 keV, and consequently are less massive than previously known clusters at similar redshifts, but nevertheless they follow the low redshift scaling relations between LX,T and σv, within the limits of the measurement errors. One of the clusters, XLSSC 004, is detected independently as an over- density of galaxies of a colour R − z � = 1.4 that matches the redshift of the central galaxy z = 0.87, although it cannot unambiguously be confirmed by the spectroscopic observations alone. The highest redshift candidate cluster pertaining to this paper, XLSSC 005, is most likely a double cluster complex at a redshift around unity, associated with an extended X-ray source with probable substructure.
The effect of breed of chickens on resistance to Eimeria infections.

Synopsis Five strains of chickens were examined for their susceptibility to several Eimeria infections. Mortality, body weight gain and oocyst production were used to measure effects on the host. The depression in the rate of body weight gain was accompanied by increased reproduction of the parasites. In general, mortality rates were also associated with increased reproduction of the parasites. A strain of Light Sussex chickens was more susceptible than one of Rhode Island Reds to E. acervulina, E. brunetti, E. maxima and E. mivati but was not shown to be more susceptible to E. tenella. Where used, Brown Leghorns (one strain) and White Leghorns (two strains) were more susceptible than the Rhode Island Red strain to the infections mentioned. It is suggested that the choice of breed or strain of chicken for experimental studies on the coccidia is important and that the innate resistance of some breeds or strains of chicken deserves further investigation.
Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy inductively

Disclosed is an apparatus for inductively transferring power to movable consumer, it extends in the form of a conductor loop along a trajectory of a predetermined consumer, disposed on the consumer it is capable of power therefrom drawn by the secondary conductor, comprising at least one primary conductor. To produce a simple and inexpensive variable route layout, the device, galvanically (galvanically) isolated two conductor loops are provided, it is assigned to different sectors of the track Te, so that it can be power distributed to the consumer that is transmitted by inductive coupling conductor loop to at least one second conductor loop from the first conductor loop is arranged relative to each other . Sectors of the two conductor loops which is inductively coupled to form a transformer, which is preferably provided with a two-piece ferromagnetic core. Movable consumer is guided on a rail, one sector of the inductively coupled by conductor loop, the movable portion of the rail switch with only such binding occurs last position of the rail switch with, It is connected.
Probabilistic attainability maps: Efficiently predicting driver-specific electric vehicle range

This paper concerns the efficient computation of a confidence level with which a particular driver will be able to reach a particular destination given the current state of charge of the battery of an electric vehicle. This probability of attainability is simultaneously computed for all destinations in a realistically sized map while taking into account the driver, the environment, on-board auxiliary systems and the vehicle battery system as potential sources of estimation noise. The model uses a feature-based linear regression framework which allows for a computationally efficient implementation capable of providing real-time updates of the resulting probabilistic attainability map. It was deployed on an all-electric Nissan Leaf and evaluated using data from over 140 miles of driving. The system proposed produces results of a quality commensurate with state-of-the-art approaches in terms of prediction accuracy.
Cbln1 Regulates Rapid Formation and Maintenance of Excitatory Synapses in Mature Cerebellar Purkinje Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Although many synapse-organizing molecules have been identified in vitro, their functions in mature neurons in vivo have been mostly unexplored. Cbln1, which belongs to the C1q/tumor necrosis factor superfamily, is the most recently identified protein involved in synapse formation in the mammalian CNS. In the cerebellum, Cbln1 is predominantly produced and secreted from granule cells; cbln1-null mice show ataxia and a severe reduction in the number of synapses between Purkinje cells and parallel fibers (PFs), the axon bundle of granule cells. Here, we show that application of recombinant Cbln1 specifically and reversibly induced PF synapse formation in dissociated cbln1-null Purkinje cells in culture. Cbln1 also rapidly induced electrophysiologically functional and ultrastructurally normal PF synapses in acutely prepared cbln1-null cerebellar slices. Furthermore, a single injection of recombinant Cbln1 rescued severe ataxia in adult cbln1-null mice in vivo by completely, but transiently, restoring PF synapses. Therefore, Cbln1 is a unique synapse organizer that is required not only for the normal development of PF-Purkinje cell synapses but also for their maintenance in the mature cerebellum both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, our results indicate that Cbln1 can also rapidly organize new synapses in adult cerebellum, implying its therapeutic potential for cerebellar ataxic disorders.
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

Summary. The effects of electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamic area (LilA), peri-ventricular arcuate nucleus (ARC) and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) on the rates of '4C transfer from '4C-1 acetate into ovarian steroids in ovarian slices of hypophysectomized and adre-nalectomized (H-A) rats were investigated. The '4C transfer rates into estrogen and 20a-hydroxy-pregn-4-en-3-one (20a-OH-P) were decreased by LilA stimulation. The stimulation of the ARC and VMH increased the rates of '4C transfer into estrogen, progesterone and 20o-OH-P. From these results, it might be suggested that these hypothalamic structures were involved in the regulation of ovarian steroidogenesis without participation of the pituitary and adrenal.