Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular insights into codon usage analysis of mitochondrial fission and fusion gene: relevance to neurodegenerative diseases

Mitochondrial dysfunction is the leading cause of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Mitochondria is a highly dynamic organelle continuously undergoing the process of fission and fusion for even distribution of components and maintaining proper shape, number, and bioenergetic functionality. A set of genes governs the process of fission and fusion. OPA1, Mfn1, and Mfn2 govern fusion, while Drp1, Fis1, MIEF1, and MIEF2 genes control fission. Determination of specific molecular patterns of transcripts of these genes revealed the impact of compositional constraints on selecting optimal codons. AGA and CCA codons were over-represented, and CCC, GTC, TTC, GGG, ACG were under-represented in the fusion gene set. In contrast, CTG was over-represented, and GCG, CCG, and TCG were under-represented in the fission gene set. Hydropathicity analysis revealed non-polar protein products of both fission and fusion gene set transcripts. AGA codon repeats are an integral part of translational regulation machinery and present a distinct pattern of over-representation and under-representation in different transcripts within the gene sets, suggestive of selective translational force precisely controlling the occurrence of the codon. Out of six synonymous codons, five synonymous codons encoding for leucine were used differently in both gene sets. Hence, forces regulating the occurrence of AGA and five synonymous leucine-encoding codons suggest translational selection. A correlation of mutational bias with gene expression and codon bias and GRAVY and AROMA signifies the selection pressure in both gene sets, while the correlation of compositional bias with gene expression, codon bias, protein properties, and minimum free energy signifies the presence of compositional constraints. More than 25% of codons of both gene sets showed a significant difference in codon usage. The overall analysis shed light on molecular features of gene sets involved in fission and fusion.
Nutrient addition alters plant community productivity but not the species diversity of a mountain meadow in Tajikistan

Introduction Tajikistan is a typical mountainous country covered by different mountain grasslands that are important pasture resources. Recently, grassland degradation has become widespread due to climate change and human activities and fertilization has been used to improve grassland production. However, fertilizer inputs can substantially alter species diversity, but it is uncl\ear how productivity and species diversity respond to nutrient enrichment in the mountain meadows of Tajikistan. Methods Therefore, a 5-year (2018–2022) continuous in-situ mineral fertilizer experiment was conducted to examine the effects of three nitrogen (N) levels (0, 30, and 90 kg N ha–1 year–1), two phosphorus (P) levels (0 and 30 kg P ha–1 year–1), and their combinations on above-ground biomass (AGB) and species diversity in a mountain meadow grassland in Ziddi, Varzob region, Tajikistan. Five species diversity metrics—Margalef’s species richness (Dma), the Shannon–Wiener index (H), the Simpson index (C), Pielou’s equitability index (Epi), and the Evar Species Evenness index (Evar)—were used to measure species diversity. Results and discussions The results indicated that the addition of different N and P amounts and their various combinations considerably increased both total and dominant species AGB, with the highest increase occurring in the N90P30 (90 kg N ha–1 year–1 combined with 30 kg P ha–1 year–1) treatment in 2022; during the experiment, the importance value of Prangos pabularia (dominant species) first decreased and then increased, but its dominant status did not change or fluctuate among the years. Furthermore, N, P, and their different combinations had no significant effect on species diversity (Dma, H, C, Epi, and Evar). All the species diversity indexes fluctuated among years, but there was no interaction with mineral fertilizer addition. Total AGB had a negative relationship with species diversity and low concentration N fertilizer addition (N30; P30) strengthened this negative trend. However, this trend decreased under the high N fertilizer condition (N90P30). Overall, nutrient addition to the natural mountain grassland of the Varzob region improved AGB, which meant that there was more forage for local animals. Mineral fertilizers had no significant effect on species diversity, but may enhance P. pabularia dominance in the future, which will help maintain the stability of the plant community and improve the quality of the forage because P. pabularia is an excellent and important winter fodder. Our study suggests that scientific nutrient management could effectively promote grassland production, conserve plant variety, and regenerate degraded grassland, which will counteract the desertification process in northwest Tajikistan mountain meadows.
The Impact of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on Acute Pain and Other Postoperative Outcomes: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in postoperative acute pain control. PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched on 1–8 December 2022, for randomized controlled trials on the analgesic effects of TENS. The outcomes were pain intensity and opioid use (primary), and postoperative (PO) adverse events, blood pressure, and the duration of hospital stay (secondary); PROSPERO CRD42022333335. A total of 40 articles were included in the meta-analysis. Pain intensity at rest and during coughing for all types of surgeries combined was lower in the TENS group (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.51 [−0.61, −0.41], p < 0.00001, 29 studies, and −1.28 [−2.46, −0.09], p-value = 0.03, six studies, respectively). There was a statistically significant decrease in morphine requirements, as well as in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, dizziness, and pruritus. There was no difference between the groups in postoperative pain intensity during walking, in blood pressure, and only a borderline difference in the length of hospital stay. The subgroup analysis by surgery type did not show significant differences between the groups in pain severity at rest. Thus, TENS has a potential for pain control and postoperative recovery outcomes.
Análise de um Vórtice Ciclônico e Mesoescala Associado a ZCAS em Janeiro de 2009

This study shows, from the mesoscale analysis perspective that Mesoscale Cyclonic Vortex (MCV) is associated to the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) through a feedback process. This system, simulated by the BRAMS regional model, is generated embedded in a stratiform environment within the SACZ region, during the January 2009 austral summer. MCVs present similar characteristics which could be considered as a “signature” for such systems. The case study also presents a lifetime shorter than 24 h and spatial scale of approximately 200 km2 in addition to intense precipitation, shifting in the flow direction in the lower troposphere. In the case occurred in the Mato Grosso State, the presence of this system was associated with heavy rain, relative vorticity of the same order as the Coriolis parameter (10−4 s−1), warm core above the level of maximum intensity and rapid growth of the cyclonic vorticity center mostly in the lower levels. The simulated precipitation is compared against the Hidroestimador precipitation product. The results suggest that the BRAMS model, configured with high spatial and temporal resolutions improves the representation of the MCVs when compared to the NCEP CFSR reanalysis.
Amaranthus cruentus L. Seed Oil Counteracts UVA-Radiation-Induced Inhibition of Collagen Biosynthesis and Wound Healing in Human Skin Fibroblasts

The effect of Amaranthus cruentus L. seed oil (AmO) on collagen biosynthesis and wound healing was studied in cultured human dermal fibroblasts exposed to UVA radiation. It was found that UVA radiation inhibited collagen biosynthesis, prolidase activity, and expression of the β1-integrin receptor, and phosphorylated ERK1/2 and TGF-β, while increasing the expression of p38 kinase. The AmO at 0.05–0.15% counteracted the above effects induced by UVA radiation in fibroblasts. UVA radiation also induced the expression and nuclear translocation of the pro-inflammatory NF-κB factor and enhanced the COX-2 expression. AmO effectively suppressed the expression of these pro-inflammatory factors induced by UVA radiation. Expressions of β1 integrin and IGF-I receptors were decreased in the fibroblasts exposed to UVA radiation, while AmO counteracted the effects. Furthermore, AmO stimulated the fibroblast’s migration in a wound healing model, thus facilitating the repair process following exposure of fibroblasts to UVA radiation. These data suggest the potential of AmO to counteract UVA-induced skin damage.
Chalcophile Elements and Sulfides in the Upper Mantle

Sulfides are among the most important petrogenetic agents in magmatic systems. They are ubiquitous in most upper-mantle rock types, common as inclusions in diamonds and they host significant amounts of geochemically and economically important chalcophile (‘sulfur-loving’) elements, such as Cu, Ni, Pb, In, Au and the platinum-group elements. Despite their low abundance (
The role of Function Generating Bite (FGB) devices on changes of chewing patterns and muscle activity in deep bite malocclusion

Background: A malocclusion known as a deep bite occurs when the mandibular incisors are covered by the maxillary incisors by more than the normal value of 30-40% or 2-4 mm. Deep bite is a type of malocclusion that is often found in children and adults, with a prevalence of 23.83% in the Asian population. Patients with a deep bite have a restricted masticatory pattern and have excess function of the mastication muscles. Active muscle training should be recommended to improve jaw bone morphology. Objective: This review aims to explain the role of the Function Generating Bite (FGB) device on changes in masticatory patterns and muscle activity in deep bite malocclusion. Methods: The search for literature reviews was conducted using the ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. The selected literature was published between 2010 - 2023 in English and Indonesian. Discussion: Treatment of deep bite in each patient varies depending on the etiology of the malocclusion. One of the functional therapies that can be used to correct malocclusion is FGB. The FGB device has an anchorage system on the muscles, which can regulate and exert pressure intermittently, so as to correct dental malocclusion and functional imbalance. Conclusion: Treatment with FGB has been shown to significantly improve the lateral component of the masticatory pattern and reduce muscle hyperactivity in deep bite patients during mastication.
Synergizing Machine Learning Algorithm with Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Advanced Self-Powered Sensing Systems

The advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) has increased the demand for large-scale intelligent sensing systems. The periodic replacement of power sources for ubiquitous sensing systems leads to significant resource waste and environmental pollution. Human staffing costs associated with replacement also increase the economic burden. The triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) provide both an energy harvesting scheme and the possibility of self-powered sensing. Based on contact electrification from different materials, TENGs provide a rich material selection to collect complex and diverse data. As the data collected by TENGs become increasingly numerous and complex, different approaches to machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms have been proposed to efficiently process output signals. In this paper, the latest advances in ML algorithms assisting solid–solid TENG and liquid–solid TENG sensors are reviewed based on the sample size and complexity of the data. The pros and cons of various algorithms are analyzed and application scenarios of various TENG sensing systems are presented. The prospects of synergizing hardware (TENG sensors) with software (ML algorithms) in a complex environment and their main challenges for future developments are discussed.
Constant denudation rates in a high alpine catchment for the last 6 kyrs

Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (TCN) have widely been used as proxies in determining denudation rates in catchments. Most studies were limited to samples from modern active streams, thus little is known about the magnitude and causes of TCN variability on millennial time scales. In this work we present a 6 kyrs long, high resolution record of 10Be concentrations (n = 18), which were measured in sediment cores from an alluvial fan delta at the outlet of the Fedoz Valley in the Swiss Alps. This record is paired with a 3‐year time series (n = 4) of 10Be measured in sediment from the active stream currently feeding this fan delta. The temporal trend in the 10Be concentrations after correction for postdepositional production of 10Be was found to be overall constant and in good agreement with the modern river 10Be concentration. The calculated mean catchment‐wide denudation rate amounts to 0.73 ± 0.18 mm yr−1. This fairly constant level of 10Be concentrations can be caused by a constant denudation rate over time within the catchment or alternatively by a buffered signal. In this contribution we suggest that the large alluvial floodplain in the Fedoz Valley may act as an efficient buffer on Holocene time scales in which sediments with different 10Be signatures are mixed. Therefore, presumable variations in the 10Be signals derived from changes in denudation under a fluctuating Holocene climate are only poorly transferred to the catchment outlet and not recorded in the 10Be record. However, despite the absence of high frequency signals, we propose that the buffered and averaged 10Be signal could be meaningfully and faithfully interpreted in terms of long‐term catchment‐averaged denudation rate. Our study suggests that alluvial buffers play an important role in regulating the 10Be signal exported by some alpine settings that needs to be taken into account and further investigated. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tibolone and Breast Cancer

Tibolone, a selective tissue estrogenic activity regulator, is a synthetic steroid with distinct pharmacological and clinical characteristics in contrast to conventional menopausal hormone therapy. Tibolone induces estrogenic activity in the brain, vagina, and bone but remains inactive in the endometrium and breast. In particular, several studies have investigated whether tibolone usage increases the risk of breast cancer. This study aims to determine the effects of tibolone on the breast by focusing on the relation between tibolone use and breast cancer. Our investigation emphasizes recent studies, particularly those based on Asian populations.
Outlines of the Precambrian basement of Estonia

The crystalline basement of Estonia can be subdivided into two major geological units - North Estonian amphibolite and South Estonian granulite complexes. The amphibolite facies terrain consists of a sequence of metavolcanics and -sediments, which resemble those of the island arc sequences in southern Finland. The South Estonian granulites, probably belonging to the Belarus- Baltic Granulitic Belt, show the peak metamorphism conditions of about 800'C and 5-6 kbar. U-Pb isotopic data demonstrate that the Estonian basement has formed during the Palaeoproterozoic, 1.9-1.8 Ga ago and is composed of magmatic, volcanic, and sedimentary components across major structural zones. The granulite metamorphism postdates these ages (1 .79-1.'73 Ga). The youngest igneous rocks in the basement belong to the Fennoscandian Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic Rapakivi Province and include the composite Riga batholith, as well as at least five minor stock-like porphyritic K-granite plutons (ca. 1.6 Ga).
Structural and optoelectronic properties of nickel doped CdO thin films deposited by spray pyrolytic technique

In this work, Cadmium oxide (CdO) and Nickle (Ni) doped cadmium oxide (CdO: Ni) thin films have been fabricated onto glass substrate by spray pyrolysis technique. The undoped and Ni-doped CdO thin films have been deposited at 400 °C heated glass substrate. The films' structure, morphology and optical properties were investigated & analyzed as a function of Ni doping level. As confirmed by different characterization, the preparade films have polycrystalline with cubic structure. Based on the results, the pure CdO films showed sharper and more intense diffraction patterns than Ni-doping films. Compared to the pure CdO films, the average grain size of the doped films decreases with increasing of doping level. Furthermore, the optical properties of Ni-doped CdO thin films showed lower absorption coefficient than pure films. However, the higher transparency of Ni-doped CdO films in the visible region consider a good window for the most optoelectronic devices applications. The energy band gap was tuned via Ni doping impurities and it increases as doping level increases.
Psychological adjustment of children and adolescents in residential care with Collaborating Families: A multi-informant assessment

In residential care, programs such as Collaborating Families have been developed so that children and adolescents can experience periods of cohabitation in a positive family environment, which generates benefits for them and complements their residential care. The present study used the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to study the psychological adjustment of 37 children and adolescents in residential care with collaborating families, comparing the assessments of 185 informants: the children themselves, their collaborating families, their caregivers at the protection center, as well as a comparison group of peers without collaborating families and their caregivers. In addition, this study analyzed whether the psychological adjustment of these children is related to some of their personal variables and their experience in family collaboration. The results showed significant differences between the psychological adjustment assessed by the different informants. Also, children with collaborating families tended to present a better psychological adjustment compared to the comparison group, with considerable effect sizes. Moreover, significant relationships were found between psychological adjustment and the children’s ratings about their family collaboration. Finally, some practical implications for the development of the program are discussed. En el marco del acogimiento residencial, se ha desarrollado el programa Familias Colaboradoras con el fin de que los niños, niñas y adolescentes tutelados puedan disfrutar de períodos de convivencia en un ambiente familiar positivo, que les genere beneficios y complemente su atención residencial. En este trabajo, a través del instrumento Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), estudiamos el ajuste psicológico de 37 menores de edad en acogimiento residencial con familias colaboradoras, contrastando las valoraciones de 185 informantes: los propios menores de edad, sus familias colaboradoras, los profesionales de referencia del centro, así como un grupo de comparación de iguales sin familias colaboradoras y sus profesionales de referencia. Además, analizamos si el ajuste psicológico de estas personas menores se relaciona con variables personales y la valoración que hacen de la colaboración familiar. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas entre el ajuste psicológico valorado por los distintos informantes. Además, los menores de edad con familias colaboradoras tendieron a mostrar un mejor ajuste psicológico frente al grupo de comparación, con tamaños de efecto considerables. Se encontraron también relaciones significativas entre el ajuste psicológico y la valoración de los menores sobre la colaboración familiar. Finalmente, se discuten algunas implicaciones prácticas para el desarrollo del programa.
Intelligent Biosensors Promise Smarter Solutions in Food Safety 4.0

Food safety is closely related to human health. However, the regulation and testing processes for food safety are intricate and resource-intensive. Therefore, it is necessary to address food safety risks using a combination of deep learning, the Internet of Things, smartphones, quick response codes, smart packaging, and other smart technologies. Intelligent designs that combine digital systems and advanced functionalities with biosensors hold great promise for revolutionizing current food safety practices. This review introduces the concept of Food Safety 4.0, and discusses the impact of intelligent biosensors, which offer attractive smarter solutions, including real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, enhanced traceability, and consumer empowerment, helping improve risk management and ensure the highest standards of food safety.
Evidence for the biopsychosocial model of suicide: a review of whole person modeling studies using machine learning

Background Traditional approaches to modeling suicide-related thoughts and behaviors focus on few data types from often-siloed disciplines. While psychosocial aspects of risk for these phenotypes are frequently studied, there is a lack of research assessing their impact in the context of biological factors, which are important in determining an individual’s fulsome risk profile. To directly test this biopsychosocial model of suicide and identify the relative importance of predictive measures when considered together, a transdisciplinary, multivariate approach is needed. Here, we systematically review the emerging literature on large-scale studies using machine learning to integrate measures of psychological, social, and biological factors simultaneously in the study of suicide. Methods We conducted a systematic review of studies that used machine learning to model suicide-related outcomes in human populations including at least one predictor from each of biological, psychological, and sociological data domains. Electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for reports published between August 2013 and August 30, 2023. We evaluated populations studied, features emerging most consistently as risk or resilience factors, methods used, and strength of evidence for or against the biopsychosocial model of suicide. Results Out of 518 full-text articles screened, we identified a total of 20 studies meeting our inclusion criteria, including eight studies conducted in general population samples and 12 in clinical populations. Common important features identified included depressive and anxious symptoms, comorbid psychiatric disorders, social behaviors, lifestyle factors such as exercise, alcohol intake, smoking exposure, and marital and vocational status, and biological factors such as hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activity markers, sleep-related measures, and selected genetic markers. A minority of studies conducted iterative modeling testing each data type for contribution to model performance, instead of reporting basic measures of relative feature importance. Conclusion Studies combining biopsychosocial measures to predict suicide-related phenotypes are beginning to proliferate. This literature provides some early empirical evidence for the biopsychosocial model of suicide, though it is marred by harmonization challenges. For future studies, more specific definitions of suicide-related outcomes, inclusion of a greater breadth of biological data, and more diversity in study populations will be needed.