Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bounds of Channel Assignment Problem for Cellular Networks Modelled as Triangular Grids

Cellular networks are often modelled as different regular grids and the channel assignment problem for interference avoidance is formulated as a coloring problem of the grid graph, where channels assigned to interfering stations at distance i must be at least δ i apart, while the same channel can be reused in vertices whose distance is at least σ. In this paper, we consider the channel assignment problem for cellular networks modelled as triangular grids for the case where the co-channel reuse distance σ is 4 and the minimum channel separation δi is σ-i. We give the lower and upper bounds of the problem. And to obtain the upper bound, we present a channel assignment algorithm, which is potentially optimal.
Software Design Principles for Improved Reliability Assessment

Software is no exception to the general rule which states that “complex structure leads to reduced reliability”. Continual increase in the complexity of software artifacts is in sharp contrast with our limited ability to assess their reliability to the levels of conﬁdence required by safety-critical applications. Ee investigate the impact of software design to reliability assessment. The transformational approach to software reliability assessment is a novel framework which combines the strengths of formal veriﬁcation and program testing. The transformations used in this framework allow us to infer the behavior of the program on many inputs based on its behavior on one input. In practice, most applications of transformation rules are the direct consequence of careful program structuring. This approach promotes better understanding of the consequences of design decisions and a better insight into the problem domain. Furthermore, the transformational approach encourages software designers to consider the reliability related consequences of design decisions early in the life-cycle. It makes a clear distinction between testable design choices and non-testable ones.
Keystroke dynamics for biometric authentication — A survey

The latest trend in authenticating users is by using the potentiality of biometrics. Keystroke dynamics is a behavioural biometrics which captures the typing rhythms of users and then authenticates them based on the dynamics captured. In this paper, a detailed study on the evolution of keystroke dynamics as a measure of authentication is carried out. This paper gives an insight from the infancy stage to the current work done on this domain which can be used by researchers working on this topic.
Using the Functional Behavior of Neurons for Genetic Recombination in Neural Nets Training

Abstrac t . We propose a new hyb rid genetic back propagation training algorithm based on a unique functional matching recombination method. T he method is used to evolve pop ulations of neur al networks and provides versatility in network architecture and activation functions. Net reorganization and reconstruction is carried out prior to genet ic recomb ina tion usin g a funct ional behavior correlation measure to compare the functional role of the var ious neurons. Compar ison is don e by correlating the intern al representations generated for a given training set. Net st ruc ture is dynamically changed during the evolutionary process, expanded by reorganization and reconstruct ion and trimmed by pruning unnecessary neur ons. The ab ility to change net structure throughout generations allows t he net population to fit itself to the requirements of dynamic adaptation , performance, and size considerations in the selection process , t hus generating smaller and mor e efficient nets t hat are likely to have higher generalization cap ab iliti es. A func t ional behavior corr elation meas ure is used exte nsively to explore and compare nets and neurons, and its ability is demonst rat ed by investi gat ing the results of genetic recombination. The vit ality of nets organized via the functional behavior correlat ion measure pr ior to genet ic recombinati on is demonstrated by statist ical results of computer simulat ions. The performance of t he proposed method and its generalization capabilit ies are demonstrated using Parity, Symmetry and handwrit ten digit recognit ion training tasks.
A Hardware Architecture for Gigabit Multicasting

The ultra-high data rate of modern communication media has challenged network designers to migrate communication protocol functions, traditionally implemented in software, to hardware. At the same time, new quality of service requirements from the higher-level network applications have complicated the functions of communication protocols. QuickRing is a high-speed slotted-ring network that consists of a single ring or multiple rings interconnected by bridges. The QuickRing multicast protocol provides an aggregate totally ordered delivery throughput of 1.3 Gbit/s and a latency of 5 s under low load. The Gbit/s transmission rate, and the short processing time of a few tens of nano-seconds for each arriving symbol, mandates hardware implementation of the protocol. We present a hardware architecture for the protocol chip, evaluate the complexity and feasibility of the design, and discuss various design trade-off issues. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to support totally ordered multicasting in hardware.
Sterol Regulatory Element–Binding Protein-1c Mediates Increase of Postprandial Stearic Acid, a Potential Target for Improving Insulin Resistance, in Hyperlipidemia

Elevated serum free fatty acids (FFAs) levels play an important role in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes. We investigated the dynamic changes and the underlying regulatory mechanism of postprandial FFA profile in hyperlipidemia (HLP) and their relation with insulin sensitivity in both humans and mice. We found that serum stearic acid (SA) is the only fatty acid that is increased dramatically in the postprandial state. The elevation of SA is due to increased insulin-stimulated de novo synthesis mediated by sterol regulatory element–binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c)/acetyl-CoA carboxylase/fatty acid synthase/elongation of long-chain fatty acid family member 6 (ELOVL6) and the elongation of palmitic acid (PA) catalyzed by ELOVL6. Downregulation of SREBP-1c or ELOVL6 by small interfering RNA can reduce SA synthesis in liver and serum SA level, followed by amelioration of IR in HLP mice. However, inhibition of SREBP-1c is more effective in improving IR than suppression of ELOVL6, which resulted in accumulation of PA. In summary, increased postprandial SA is caused by the insulin-stimulated SREBP-1c pathway and elongation of PA in HLP. Reduction of postprandial SA is a good candidate for improving IR, and SREBP-1c is potentially a better target to prevent IR and diabetes by decreasing SA.
Fast Total Ordering for Modern Data Centers

Data center applications rely on messaging services that guarantee reliable, ordered message delivery for a wide range of distributed coordination tasks. Totally ordered multicast, which (informally) guarantees that all processes receive messages in exactly the same order, is particularly useful for maintaining consistent distributed state in systems as diverse as financial systems, distributed storage systems, cloud management, and big data analytics platforms.
A Unified Model of Short and Long Gamma-Ray Bursts, X-Ray-rich Gamma-Ray Bursts, and X-Ray Flashes

Taking into account the recent suggestion that a short gamma-ray burst (GRB) looks like the first 1 s of a long GRB, we propose that the jet of a GRB consists of multiple subjets or subshells (i.e., an inhomogeneous jet model). The multiplicity of the subjets along a line of sight ns is an important parameter. If ns is large (≫1) the event looks like a long GRB, while if ns is small (~1) the event looks like a short GRB. If our line of sight is off-axis to any subjets, the event looks like an X-ray flash or an X-ray-rich GRB. The lognormal distribution of durations of short and long GRBs are also suggested in the same model.
Work Alienation Intervention in Job-Related Tension, Role Overload and Work Effort

This study examines the extent of direct effect of job-related tension and role overload on work effort. In addition, the mediating role of work alienation in the relationships between job-related tension, role overload and work effort were ascertained. The study utilizes 367 academicians working in El-Azhar University, a higher education institution in Egypt. Hypotheses were verified using direct and mediated multiple regression technique suggesting all five direct and two mediated relationship substantiated. The results proved that in order to enhance work effort in the university, work alienation, job-related tension and role overload are required to be removed or reduced. Subsequently, work alienation poses intervening effect in job related tension and role overload and work effort relationships.
The Conundrum of Unconventional Consciousness: Comments on LaBerge's Theory of Attention and Awareness

LaBerge's (1997) theory of attention and awareness presupposes a highly compartmentalized brain in which discrete areas perform distinct mental functions. Objects are represented in the sensory cortices. Habits and interests are in the basal ganglia. Control of attention is carried out in the prefrontal cortex. The self is represented in the frontal lobes. Bodily landscape and verbal information are contained in the selfrepresentation area, which is organized in columns like other cortical areas.
COOL SUBDWARF INVESTIGATIONS. II. MULTIPLICITY

Cool subdwarfs of types K and M are the fainter counterparts of cool main-sequence dwarfs that dominate the Galactic population. In this paper, we present the results of an optical speckle survey of 62 confirmed cool subdwarf systems within 60 pc. We have resolved two new companions and confirmed two previously known companions with separations 0. ″13–3. ″29. After including previously known wide companions and all known spectroscopic binaries, we determine the multiplicity rate of cool subdwarfs to be 26% ± 6%, which is somewhat lower than comparable main-sequence stars that have a multiplicity rate of 37% ± 5%. We find that only 3% of the cool subdwarfs surveyed have companions within 10 AU, 3% have companions between 10 and 100 AU, and 14% have companions beyond 100 AU. The other 6% of cool subdwarfs are spectroscopic binaries. This is very different from K/M dwarfs that have most companions (13%) at separations closer than 10 AU. However, because a search for close binaries among a large sample of nearby cool subdwarfs remains elusive, it is not yet settled whether or not the multiplicity rates are significantly different. Nonetheless, several different observational results and theories pointing to a possible dearth of subdwarf multiples are discussed.
Exploring youth development through an environmental education program for rural indigenous women

Abstract Youth development (YD) is receiving increased attention in environmental education (EE), yet faces critiques including lack of attention to cultural competency and structural barriers. We explore YD outcomes of the EE program “Women, Agroecology, and Leadership for Conservation,” which engages young Q’eqchi’ Maya women in Guatemala in learning about sustainable agroecology practices, women’s rights to make reproductive and educational choices, and environmental stewardship. Results show participants gain assets, including knowledge related to agriculture and stewardship, agency to pursue their schooling, and the ability to contribute to their communities. These results are examined through the lens of programs occurring in a rural, indigenous context. We explore challenges and opportunities related to the setting, including gender roles, cultural traditions, and land pressure.
Compactifications with S-duality twists

We consider generalised Scherk Schwarz reductions of supergravity and superstring theories with twists by electromagnetic dualities that are symmetries of the equations of motion but not of the action, such as the S-duality of D = 4, N = 4 super-Yang-Mills coupled to supergravity. The reduction cannot be done on the action itself, but must be done either on the field equations or on a duality invariant form of the action, such as one in the doubled formalism in which potentials are introduced for both electric and magnetic fields. The resulting theory in odd-dimensions has massive form fields satisfying a self-duality condition dA ~ m*A. We construct such theories in D = 3,5,7.
A Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for the Design of IIR Digital Filters

A hybrid approach for the design of IIR filters using a genetic algorithm (GA) along with a quasi-Newton (QN) algorithm, referred to hereafter as the GQN algorithm is presented. The algorithm combines the flexibility and reliability inherent in the GA with the fast convergence and precision of the QN algorithm. The GA is used as a global search tool to explore different regions in the parameter space whereas the QN algorithm is used to exploit its efficiency in locating local solutions. The proposed algorithm involves a decimal encoding scheme and the optimization is carried out by minimizing an objective function based on the amplitude response error. Experimental results have shown that the proposed GQN algorithm can consistently achieve IIR filters that would satisfy arbitrary prescribed specifications.
Estimation of the Speeds of Moving Vehicles from Video Sequences

In this paper, the results of a pilot project carried out to estimate the speeds of moving vehicles from video sequences are presented. The software pre-processes video images using gray scale and median filters. To extract moving vehicles from a traffic scene, the difference between three consecutive video frames were taken and filtered through an edge detection filter. Blob counting technique was applied to identify the position and size of the moving vehicles in the images. To estimate the trajectories of moving vehicles, the predicted area technique was applied to the blobs. Preliminary tests carried out on local roads show that the individual vehicular speeds can be estimated to an accuracy of better than 3 km/h.
Simplification Culling of Static and Dynamic Scene Graphs

We present a new approach for simplifying large polygonal environments composed of hundreds or thousands of objects. Our algorithm represents the environment using a scene graph and automatically computes levels of detail (LOD) for each node in the graph. For drastic simplification, the algorithm uses hierarchical levels of detail (HLOD) to represent the simplified geometry of whole portions of the scene graph. When HLOD are rendered, the algorithm can ignore these portions, thereby performing simplification culling. For dynamic environments, HLOD are incrementally computed on the fly. The algorithm is applicable to all models and involves no user intervention. It generates high quality and drastic simplifications and has been applied to CAD models composed of hundreds of thousands of polygons. In practice, it achieves significant speedups in rendering large static and dynamic environments with little loss in image quality.
Framework for multi-agent planning and coordination in DIS

Digital Interactive Storytelling (DIS) is a relatively novel area of computer entertainment which aims at investigating interactive applications capable of generating consistent, emergent and rich stories. To provide new solutions for DIS, we designed and are implementing and evaluating a novel multi-agent DIS framework which includes agents' coordination and new planning and re-planning solutions. In this paper, we introduce the development of the framework, along with a multi-agent system scalability evaluation. The framework is described in detail and specified to meet the requirement of bringing a more dynamic interactive story experience to the medium of computer games. Some of the novel aspects of our framework are: the introduction of constraints in the planning/re-planning solutions that allows us to extend the power and expressiveness of the representation language that we use; and our proposal for re-planning, which aims to interleave plan generation and opportunistic plan execution, to be able to re-plan when unexpected changes occur in dynamic environments whilst introducing minimal disruption to the original plan.
Depletion of FKBP51 in Female Mice Shapes HPA Axis Activity

Psychiatric disorders such as depressive disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder are a major disease burden worldwide and have a higher incidence in women than in men. However, the underlying mechanism responsible for the sex-dependent differences is not fully understood. Besides environmental factors such as traumatic life events or chronic stress, genetic variants contribute to the development of such diseases. For instance, variations in the gene encoding the FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51) have been repeatedly associated with mood and anxiety. FKBP51 is a negative regulator of the glucocorticoid receptor and thereby of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis that also interacts with other steroid hormone receptors such as the progesterone and androgen receptors. Thus, the predisposition of women to psychiatric disorders and the interaction of female hormones with FKBP51 and the glucocorticoid receptor implicate a possible difference in the regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in female FKBP51 knockout (51KO) mice. Therefore, we investigated neuroendocrine, behavioural and physiological alterations relevant to mood disorders in female 51KO mice. Female 51KOs and wild type littermates were subjected to various behavioural tests, including the open field, elevated plus maze and forced swim test. The neuroendocrine profile was investigated under basal conditions and in response to an acute stressor. Furthermore, we analysed the mRNA expression levels of the glucocorticoid receptor and corticotrophin release hormone in different brain regions. Overall, female 51KO mice did not display any overt behavioural phenotype under basal conditions, but showed a reduced basal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity, a blunted response to, and an enhanced recovery from, acute stress. These characteristics strongly overlap with previous studies in male 51KO mice indicating that FKBP51 shapes the behavioural and neuroendocrine phenotype independent of the sex of the individual.
Molecular Breeding of Advanced Microorganisms for Biofuel Production

Large amounts of fossil fuels are consumed every day in spite of increasing environmental problems. To preserve the environment and construct a sustainable society, the use of biofuels derived from different kinds of biomass is being practiced worldwide. Although bioethanol has been largely produced, it commonly requires food crops such as corn and sugar cane as substrates. To develop a sustainable energy supply, cellulosic biomass should be used for bioethanol production instead of grain biomass. For this purpose, cell surface engineering technology is a very promising method. In biobutanol and biodiesel production, engineered host fermentation has attracted much attention; however, this method has many limitations such as low productivity and low solvent tolerance of microorganisms. Despite these problems, biofuels such as bioethanol, biobutanol, and biodiesel are potential energy sources that can help establish a sustainable society.
Interdisciplinary team education promotes innovations in the home care of older people

ABSTRACT This article describes a new type of team training that involves undergraduate students of medicine, students from the Aalto University (industrial engineering and management, architecture, information networks, collaborative and industrial design and bioinformation technology) and specialized home care nurses. During the course, the students learned interdisciplinary teamwork and created innovations in the care of older people. The 18 participants formed six microteams (three persons in each team: one specialized nurse, one medical student and one from Aalto University). The course consisted of two seminars and 3 full days of home visits to older people’s homes. Participants were encouraged to make one innovation in each home visit that would improve the older person’s well-being or streamline the processes of home care. During the course, the participants promptly formed tight teams. They valued the know-how of the other team members and learned openly from each other. They also created a number of practical innovations in home care which they presented to executives of older people’s care in a final seminar. The course received very good feedback from the students. This course is an encouraging example of how gerontological interdisciplinary team training may be successfully applied. The article describes both the learning outcomes and the innovations the students produced during their home visits. It also discusses the learning theories behind effective interdisciplinary team learning.
Germ Cell Development in the Scleractinian Coral Euphyllia ancora (Cnidaria, Anthozoa)

Sexual reproduction of scleractinian coral is among the most important means of establishing coral populations. However, thus far, little is known about the mechanisms underlying coral gametogenesis. To better understand coral germ cell development, we performed a histological analysis of gametogenesis in Euphyllia ancora and characterized the coral homolog of the Drosophila germline marker gene vasa. The histological analysis revealed that E. ancora gametogenesis occurs in the mesenterial mesoglea between the mesenterial filaments and the retractor muscle bands. The development of germ cells takes approximately one year in females and half a year in males. Staining of tissue sections with an antibody against E. ancora Vasa (Eavas) revealed anti-Eavas immunoreactivity in the oogonia, early oocyte, and developing oocyte, but only faint or undetectable reactivity in developing oocytes that were >150 µm in diameters. In males, Eavas could be detected in the spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes but was only faintly detectable in the secondary spermatocytes, spermatids, and sperms. Furthermore, a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis and Western blotting analysis of unfertilized mature eggs proved the presence of Eavas transcripts and proteins, suggesting that Eavas may be a maternal factor. Vasa may represent a germ cell marker for corals, and would allow us to distinguish germ cells from somatic cells in coral bodies that have no distinct organs.
A New Two-Step Method for Medical Image Retrieval

In this paper, authors propose a new two-step medical image retrieval method which combines co-occurrence matrix texture feature and gradient phase mutual information(GP_MI). The new method provides fast retrieval respond speed while achieves high precision and good robustness in retrieval process. Experimental results show that the algorithm has potential practical values for clinical routine application.