Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TapOnce: a novel authentication method on smartphones

Purpose Security technology on mobile devices is increasingly more important as smartphones are becoming more versatile and, thus, store more sensitive information. Among the three indispensable factors of owner authentication technologies on mobile devices, security, usability and system efficiency, usability is considered the key factor. This paper aims to challenge the limits of usability on mobile device authentication technology with respect to input size. Design/methodology/approach This paper introduces one tap authentication as a novel authentication method on mobile devices. A user just has to tap the screen of a smartphone once, and he or she will be authenticated. Findings One tap authentication is proven possible in this paper. The average equal error rate among 10 owners against 25 unauthorized users is as low as 3.8. Research limitations/implications This paper focuses on verifying the possibility on one tap authentication. However, the application to various environments, such as when standing or walking or on a train, is not explored. Originality/value This research explores tap authentication with a single tap for the first time in the field. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the minimum number of taps required in tap authentication has been 4.
Fluorescent Tracking of Yeast Division Clarifies the Essential Role of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase in the Intracellular Control of Candida glabrata in Macrophages

Macrophages play a critical role in the elimination of fungal pathogens. They are sensed via cell surface pattern-recognition receptors and are phagocytosed into newly formed organelles called phagosomes. Phagosomes mature through the recruitment of proteins and lysosomes, resulting in addition of proteolytic enzymes and acidification of the microenvironment. Our earlier studies demonstrated an essential role of Dectin-1-dependent activation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) in the maturation of fungal containing phagosomes. The absence of Syk activity interrupted phago-lysosomal fusion resulting in arrest at an early phagosome stage. In this study, we sought to define the contribution of Syk to the control of phagocytosed live Candida glabrata in primary macrophages. To accurately measure intracellular yeast division, we designed a carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) yeast division assay in which bright fluorescent parent cells give rise to dim daughter cells. The CFSE-labeling of C. glabrata did not affect the growth rate of the yeast. Following incubation with macrophages, internalized CFSE-labeled C. glabrata were retrieved by cellular lysis, tagged using ConA-647, and the amount of residual CFSE fluorescence was assessed by flow cytometry. C. glabrata remained undivided (CFSE bright) for up to 18 h in co-culture with primary macrophages. Treatment of macrophages with R406, a specific Syk inhibitor, resulted in loss of intracellular control of C. glabrata with initiation of division within 4 h. Delayed Syk inhibition after 8 h was less effective indicating that Syk is critically required at early stages of macrophage–fungal interaction. In conclusion, we demonstrate a new method of tracking division of C. glabrata using CFSE labeling. Our results suggest that early Syk activation is essential for macrophage control of phagocytosed C. glabrata.
The contribution of organelles to plant intracellular calcium signalling

Calcium (Ca2+) is among the most important intracellular messengers in living organisms. Understanding of the players and dynamics of Ca2+ signalling pathways in plants may help to unravel the molecular basis of their exceptional flexibility to respond and to adapt to different stimuli. In the present review we focus on new tools that have recently revolutionized our view of organellar Ca2+ signalling as well as on the current knowledge regarding the pathways mediating Ca2+ fluxes across intracellular membranes. The contribution of organelles and cellular subcompartments to the orchestrated response via Ca2+ signalling within a cell is also discussed, underlining the fact that one of the greatest challenges in the field is the elucidation of how influx and efflux Ca2+ transporters/channels are regulated in a concerted manner to translate specific information into a Ca2+ signature.
Discovering Efficient Patterns for Text Mining Approach : A Survey

Text mining is technique which extracts interesting knowledge in various text documents. Approximately 90% world’s data is held in unstructured formats. In order to get useful information from this data there is great need for mining techniques. There are many techniques for mining the useful patterns from text documents, such as frequent itemset mining, closed pattern mining etc. Most of the existing text mining techniques are built on term based approach, but it faces problems of synonymy and polysemy. Pattern based approach also not produce much efficient result. In this survey paper, we focused on developing efficient mining algorithm for discovering patterns from text collections and search for useful and interesting patterns by using pattern deploying and pattern evolving.
Test Image Generation using Segmental Symbolic Evaluation

Image processing applications have played a vital role in modern life and they are required to be well tested due to their significance and human dependence on them. Testing of image processing application is difficult due to complex nature of images in terms of their generation and evaluation. The presented technique is first of its type to generate test images based on symbolic evaluation of program under test. The idea is based on the fact that, neighboring image operations are applied by selecting a segment of image pixels called a window, and iterated by sliding window over entire image. We imitate neighboring operations using symbolic values for the pixels rather than concrete values. The path constraint is extracted for each path in the program under test and solved for concrete solutions. Test images are generated based on solution of path constraints for each identified path. We have tested the proposed scheme on different programs and the results show that test images are successfully generated for each path to ensure the path coverage of the program under test and identifying infeasible paths.
An Intelligent Cross-Layer QoS-Aware Protocol with Traffic-Differentiation-Based for Energy Efficient Communication in WSNs

Despite an increase in energy efficiency of WSNs research in couple of last years, still the key challenge in the design of WSNs remains to maximize the quality of service (QoS) and energy efficiency of network system. The layered strength and functionality collaboration is commonly considered as one of the most promising techniques for dealing with the given challenge to increase the duration between recharging battery and improve energy efficiency in order to prolong the sensor nodes and network lifetime. This paper presents a novel Intelligent Cross Layer QoS-aware Protocol (I-XLP) with traffic differentiation for WSNs for monitoring applications which has been done by addressing cross layered, cluster-less and application specific design. The target application is building monitoring. The novel concept behind this paper is that, by leveraging classical layered approach and blending different layer functions our proposed protocol I-XLP achieves a solution for energy efficiency and latency for the case of building monitoring applications of WSNs. This is done by combining the strong functionalities of Medium Access control (MAC), Routing and Congestion control. The proposed protocol is energy efficient and the protocol ensures lower latency for the prioritized traffic. Our proposed I-XLP is simulated by using the network simulator (ns-2). The simulation results corroborate the theoretical idea, and verify that the proposed I-XLP transmits more data with less delay and its energy consumption compared with existing protocol achieves optimum energy efficiency.
A beamforming method based on image tracking and positioning in the LOS scenario

With the antenna number increasing in Massive MIMO systems, overhead used for channel measurement and feedback increases rapidly. When the cellular mobile communication system apply 5GHz or higher frequency, as diffraction ability of beams gets worse, the system becomes more dependent on line of sight (LOS) propagation. However, the widespread use of cameras creates good solutions for image positioning. If the image information of the communication target is determined, combined with the image tracking algorithm, the position of the target in each frame can be calculated. In the case of LOS propagation, the angle information of the LOS path can be directly determined in order to find the best beam direction. In this paper, a beamforming method combined with binocular image tracking and positioning is proposed. Compared with the traditional method, when using this method to find the best codeword, the search steps can be omitted partly and the spectrum efficiency can be improved. By enhancing the beamforming method, it is possible to reduce the beam index error due to the estimated position inaccuracy, thereby further improve the communication quality.
TWTA On-Orbit Reliability for Satellite Industry

On-orbit reliability of traveling wave tube amplifiers (TWTAs) is examined for an on-orbit satellite fleet. It is compared with prior analyses performed for another satellite manufacturer’s on-orbit fleet. Interesting commonalities are seen across the two data sets suggesting industry level trends. By combining the data sets where possible, an exceptionally large data set is achieved which provides indisputable industry level trends. Through comparing and contrasting the two studies, an interesting thesis is proffered; the reliability rates are independent of satellite integrator requirements or their test protocols but instead are resultant from long term TWT and electronic power conditioner industry design and manufacturing improvements. The composite of the two on-orbit fleets represents 421 million amplifier hours of performance. This statistically significant sample size, along with the similarity of key on-orbit fleet performance and reliability statistics validate the trend accuracy and conclusions. It is clear that the TWTA suppliers are continuously improving their manufacturing processes and failure rates are steadily improving as a function of time.
A parameterized flattening control flow based obfuscation algorithm with opaque predicate for reduplicate obfuscation

In order to enhance the white box security of software, we proposed a reduplicate code obfuscation algorithm to protect the source code. Firstly, we apply the parameter decomposition tree to formalize the code, and then we utilize flattening control flow system to decompose the source code into a multi-branch WHILE-SWITCH loop structure. Finally, we apply opaque predicates to obfuscate the flattened code for the secondary obfuscation. In this paper, opaque predicate code representation and different methods of inserting opaque predicates into program braches and sequence blocks were given. Experiments has been made to compare time-space cost of source code and obfuscated code. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can improve code's anti-attack ability, increasing the difficulty of reverse engineering as well.
Searching for a mitochondrial root to the decline in muscle function with ageing

Sarcopenia, the age‐related loss of muscle mass and strength, is linked to a range of adverse outcomes, such as impaired physical performance, cognitive function, and mortality. Preventing sarcopenia may reduce the burden of functional decline with aging and its impact on physiological and economic well‐being in older adults. Mitochondria in muscle cells lose their intrinsic efficiency and capacity to produce energy during aging, and it has been hypothesized that such a decline is the main driver of sarcopenia. Oxidative phosphorylation becomes impaired with aging, affecting muscle performance, and contributing to an age‐associated decline in mobility. However, it is unclear whether this deterioration is due to a reduced mitochondria population, decreased mitochondrial energetic efficiency, or a reduced capacity to dynamically transport oxygen and nutrients into the mitochondria, and addressing these questions is an active area of research. Further research in humans will require use of new “omics” technologies, progress in neuroimaging techniques that permit energy production assessment, and visualization of molecules critical for energetic metabolism, as well as proxy biomarkers of muscle perfusion.
Psychosocial Issues beyond Seizures: A Study of Behavioral Problems in Paediatric Epilepsy Patients

: Pediatric patients suffering from epilepsy are known to have behavioural problems and learning disabilities as co-morbidity.The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among children receiving treatment for epilepsy at a tertiary care hospital and estimate the unmet need for psychiatric services in this group of patients.It is a prospective study conducted on 80 patients with epilepsy falling in age group of 3-12 years from January to March -2014.A high prevalence (66.25%) of behavioural disorders was found among these patients.Despite a high prevalence, nearly all patients with psychiatric disorder had no prior contact with psychiatric services and hence, this study finds need for upliftment of psychiatric services to epilepsy children. Comprehensive management of epilepsy is much beyond seizure free life.
Search for molecular and metabolic mechanisms contributing to impaired β-cell function

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) prevalence is growing to pandemic proportions worldwide. The link between genotype, environment and β-cell function is still being investigated. I have devoted the work presented in this thesis to attempt to elucidate the coupling of β-cell metabolism to insulin secretion and to look for casual mechanisms underlying metabolic alterations disturbing insulin secretion. In paper I, we showed that tight coupling between glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism is required for robust insulin secretion from β-cells by comparing two insulin secreting β-cell lines with good and poor glucose responsiveness, respectably. The cell line with poor glucose responsiveness showed increased lactate production and glycolytic flux but decreased ATP production, suggesting a disturbed coupling between glycolytic flux and mitochondrial glucose metabolism. Several metabolic genes that differed between the cell lines were found to correlate with HbA1c in human islets, reflecting long term glucose control. In paper II, a metabolic profiling analysis showed that a metabolic shift towards less glucose responsiveness and more anaerobic metabolism was characteristic for cells with poor glucosestimulated insulin secretion. Also, the hypoxia-induced transcription factor HIF-1α was found to be more stabilized in poorly responsive cells. A comparison between healthy and T2D human islets showed that this mechanism may be occurring in T2D humans as well. In paper III, we examined palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in β-cells and found that cellular stress introduced by lipotoxicity directs metabolism more towards metabolism of lipids than of glucose. Together with this, the cells exhibited poor glucose responsiveness in intracellular metabolic flux and insulin secretion. Changes in metabolic flux were accompanied by changes in gene expression and increased expression of genes in the pathways of steroid biosynthesis, cell cycle, fatty acid metabolism, DNA replication, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Histone-modifying enzyme activity and histone modifications on the genes Insig1, Lss, Peci, Idi1, Hmgcs1 and Casr were found to be altered in a manner consistent with gene expression. This suggests the involvement of epigenetic regulations. In conclusion, this thesis suggests that the coupling between glycolytic and mitochondrial flux is essential for the glucose sensitivity of the β-cell. Alterations in transcription factors or gene expression could be underlying disturbances of this coupling. It also shows that a diabetogenic environment with increased concentrations of fatty acids affects metabolic flux in these cells, something that is paralleled by an altered expression of metabolic genes. Finally, it suggests that epigenetic mechanisms could be involved in the regulation of these alterations.
The Political Economy of Biotechnology

The political economy of agricultural biotechnology is addressed in this review through three puzzles. First, why were new crop technologies of the Green Revolution readily accepted, versus today's considerable blockage of genetically engineered crops? Second, why has genetic engineering in medicine and pharmaceuticals been normalized, whereas recombinant DNA technology in agriculture is highly restricted? Finally, why is there greater political acceptance of agricultural biotechnology in some countries versus others, for some crops versus others, and for some crop traits versus others? Explanation requires an extended theoretical framework of regulation that goes beyond a vector sum of weighted material interests. Consideration must also be given to the social construction of risk, political structure, and social psychology. A full political economy of agricultural biotechnology must consider not only costs and benefits to multiple actors in different societies within the classic interest-group and regulator model but also the transnational diffusion of ideologies, with attendant costs to poorer farmers and countries.
The latest exploration of staging and prognostic classification for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a large population-based study

Background: A modified European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (mENETS) staging system has been confirmed to be more suitable for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) when compared to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) or the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) systems in the last few years. However, the importance of N stage has been recently published with several significant updates. Methods: SEER registry (n = 2,209) was used to evaluate the application of the AJCC 7th staging system, ENETS staging system, mENETS staging system and reformed ENETS (rENETS) staging system in this study. Results: For the ENETS staging system, patients with stage I disease had a similar prognosis to patients with stage II disease (P=0.154), and patients with stage IIIA and stage IIIB diseases showed adverse prognostic potential. The proportion of patients with stage III diseases using AJCC 7th staging system was extremely lower than those with mENETS staging system or rENETS staging system (3.6%, 23.0% and 23.7%, respectively). Furthermore, the hazard ratio of death for patients with stage II or III disease using rENETS staging system was slightly higher than that of mENETS staging system. Besides, survival curves were better separated by rENETS staging system. A prognostic nomogram for overall survival (OS) was formulated to obtain superior discriminatory abilities. Conclusions: The rENETS staging system has superior distribution in proportion than the AJCC 7th, ENETS or mENETS staging system, and one more accurate and advanced predictive model will be achieved via the incorporation to be adopted in clinical practice.
CP-ABE for Selective Access with Scalable Revocation: A Case Study for Mobile-based Healthfolder

With the recent advancement in computational and storage capabilities on mobile devices and Internet of Things (IoT), Ciphertext policy Attributed-based Encryption (CP-ABE) can provide conﬁdentiality and direct selective ﬁne-grained access control. There must be an ease of maintaining ciphertext, capability to share and protection against breach of trust. We present a novel revocation scheme Scalable Proxy-based Immediate Revocation for CP-ABE (SPIRC) which does not require prior revo-cation list, re-encryption and re-distribution of keys. It improves the Proxy-based Immediate Revocation of AT-Tribute based Encryption (PIRATTE) scheme for scalable revocation with reduced overheads for proxy data and master key generation. The paper also demonstrates the practical implementation of SPIRC for a case study of a portable Mobile-based Healthfolder on a patient mobile device for direct local access as well as sharing with medical professionals using reader application on their mobile devices. The performance evaluation on mid-range Android devices indicates acceptable overheads for access and security.
Free radical scavenging activity of Annona squamosa Linn leaf extracts

Free radicals are toxic byproducts of natural cell metabolism and are responsible for causing a wide number of health problems. In this study Hexane extract, Ethylacetate and Ethanolic extracts of Annona squamosa Linn leaves were evaluated In vitro by experimental parameters such as DPPH free radical scavenging activity. In various parts of india Annona squamosa Linn is used as an antidiabetics, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic activity, genetoxicity, antitumour activity, anti lice agent. It is related to contain alkaloids, carbohydrates, fixed oils, tannins & phenolic. Leafextracts of Annona squamosa was prepared with three different solvent from nonpolar to polar grade and obtained extracts were screened In Vitro using DPPH free radical scavenging method. Ourof all the three extracts ethylacetate extract has shown significant antioxidant action.
In Vitro Iron Bioavailability of Brazilian Food-Based by-Products

Background: Iron deficiency is a public health problem in many low- and middle-income countries. Introduction of agro-industrial food by-products, as additional source of nutrients, could help alleviate this micronutrient deficiency, provide alternative sources of nutrients and calories in developed countries, and be a partial solution for disposal of agro-industry by-products. Methods: The aim of this study was to determine iron bioavailability of 5 by-products from Brazilian agro-industry (peels from cucumber, pumpkin, and jackfruit, cupuaçu seed peel, and rice bran), using the in vitro digestion/ Caco-2 cell model; with Caco-2 cell ferritin formation as a surrogate marker of iron bioavailability. Total and dialyzable Fe, macronutrients, the concentrations of iron-uptake inhibitors (phytic acid, tannins, fiber) and their correlation with iron bioavailability were also evaluated. Results: The iron content of all by-products was high, but the concentration of iron and predicted bioavailability were not related. Rice bran and cupuaçu seed peel had the highest amount of phytic acid and tannins, and lowest iron bioavailability. Cucumber peels alone, and with added extrinsic Fe, and pumpkin peels with extrinsic added iron, had the highest iron bioavailability. Conclusion: The results suggest that cucumber and pumpkin peel could be valuable alternative sources of bioavailable Fe to reduce iron deficiency in at-risk populations.