Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF ILEX PARAGUARIENSIS IN ANIMAL MODELS OF PARKINSON’S DISEASE

Ilex paraguariensis St Hilaire (Aquifoliaceae) is a plant widely cultivated in South America and with various reputed medicinal properties that can be attributed to phenolic constituents of the leaves: caffeine, theophylline and theobromine, besides the flavonoids, quercetin and rutin. This study examined the antiparkinsonian activity of the hydroalcohol extract of Ilex paraguariensis in models of protection against cerebral injury induced by MPTP and reversal of the catatonia induced by reserpine in mice. The hydroalcohol extract prevented MPTP-induced hypolocomotion at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg at the all time points observed and also prevented the reserpine-induced catalepsy at the same doses. The extract potentiated the effect of apomorphine in preventing catatonia, suggesting a non-dopaminergic activity, probably through antagonism of adenosine. In biochemical studies the hydroalcohol extract caused a significant decrease in the NO levels, exhibited a DPPH-scavenging ability and was effective in preventing the oxidation of deoxyribose. The results obtained suggest that the hydroalcohol extract of Ilex paraguariensis may have an antiparkinsonian profile in animal models, probably through its antioxidant activity and antagonist action on adenosine A2A receptors. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Morphology of Astroglia Growing in Culture Depends on the Expression of Polysialic Acid

Gonadal steroids are known to affect astroglial morphology in developing and adult animals. Earlier studies of mixed neuronal-glial cultures from fetal rat hypothalamus showed that glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunoreactive cells with a polygonal shape were transformed into process-bearing cells upon exposure to the ovarian hormone estradiol. This effect was dependent on a direct contact of astroglia with living hypothalamic neurons. The present study shows that somata and processes of neurons in such cultures were immunoreactive for polysialic acid (PSA); astroglia were immunonegative. PSA appears to participate in the estradiol-induced shape changes since treatment with endoneuraminidase, an enzyme that specifically removes PSA from the cell surface, abolished PSA immunostaining and prevented the 17P-estradiol-induced morphological changes of astroglia. In contrast, treatment with endoneuraminidase did not affect astroglial shape changes induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), nor those induced by the addition of neurons to glial cultures. These results suggest that PSA on neuronal membranes, probably linked to the highly sialylated isoform of the neural cell adhesion molecule, is necessary for the expression of certain hormonally-regulated neuro-glial interactions. o 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A Study of the Influence of Sparse Matrices Reordering Algorithms on Krylov-Type Preconditioned Iterative Methods

This work analyzes the influenc of matrices reordering algorithms on solving linear systems using non-stationary iterative methods GMRES and Conjugate Gradient, both with and without preconditioning. The algorithms referenced most often in the literature for the reordering of matrices are Reverse Cuthill-McKee (RCM), Gibbs-Poole-Stockmeyer (GPS), Nested Dissection (ND) and Spectral (ES). We analyze these algorithms and propose some modification comparing their solution qualities (minimizing bandwidth and minimizing envelope) and CPU times. Moreover, the linear systems associated with sparse matrices are solved via preconditioned Krylov-type iterative methods considering the incomplete LU factorization preconditioners. For the computational tests, we consider a set of structurally symmetric matrices that can come from various field of knowledge. We conclude that the reordering of matrices, in most cases, reduces the number of iterations in the iterative methods, but that reducing the CPU time depends on the size and conditioning of the matrix.
Truncated two-parameter Lindley distribution and its application

In this paper, the truncated two-parameter Lindley (T-TPL) distribution is proposed, which is classified as doubly, left and right truncated distributions. Some statistical properties, i.e., the moments, and functions of survival, hazard and quantile are also discussed. The maximum likelihood estimators are constructed for estimating the unknown parameters of the T-TPL distribution. Moreover, the distributions have been fitted with some real data to illustrate the efficiency of the T-TPL distribution when it compared to other distributions (i.e., exponential, Lindley, two-parameter Lindley, and truncated Lindley distributions). The results have shown that the T-TPL distribution gives a reasonable better fit to the real data about bladder cancer patients and the flood discharge rates than other distributions.
en Gene E X Q ~ S Results in an Internal Tandem

It has been proposed that the structure of the exons that encode the triple helical domain of the fibrillar collagen genes arose by repeated tandem duplication of an ancestral unit exon. Because these exons encode a repeat motif [(Gly-X-Y),], sequence homology between exons may have driven the recombinational process. We have characterized a tandem duplication mutation within a COLl A1 allele of type I collagen from an infant with the lethal form of osteogenesis imperfecta. The structure of the mutation is consistent with the occurrence of an unequal crossover within a 15 base pair region of sequence identity between exons 14 and 17 of the COLlAl gene. The recombination produced a new 81 base pair 17/14 hybrid exon and complete duplication of exons 15 and 16. The sequence implies duplication of 60 amino acid residues within the triple helical domain with preservation of the Gly-X-Y repeat. These data suggest that a recombinational mechanism that explains the hypothetical evolutionary process is active in cells, but the lethal effect of this mutation raises questions about the role of these events in creating new structures for polymeric proteins.
A Non-Iterative Power Flow Study Technique Based on the Method of Minimal Least Squares

Merow, Michael Carl. M.S.E.E. , Purdue University. May 1987. A NON­ ITERATIVE POWER FLOW STUDY TECHNIQUE BASED ON THE METHOD OF MINIMAL LEAST SQUARES. Major Professor: Gerald T. Heydt. A load flow study is used to determine the state variables of a power system. Load flow studies are essential for analyzing the effects of future load growth, for planning new facilities, and for the normal daily operation of the power system. The goal of this research is to examine an alternative load flow solution to be used in connection with the power system’s data acquisition system. Three standard linear power flow models are proposed which form a redundant set of linear equations. The equations make use of system measurements to help overcome errors introduced in the linear models. The set of redundant equations is then solved in minimal least squares sense. A method to include off-nominal tap ratio transformers and transmission line shunt capacitance is developed. A method to identify optimal measurement placement through a study of singular values is suggested. The non-iterative study technique is evaluated on a thirty-eight bus, forty-four line test system. CHAPTER
The Affine Uncertainty Principle, Associated Frames and Applications in Signal Processing

Uncertainty relations play a prominent role in signal processing, stating that a signal can not be simultaneously concentrated in the two related domains of the corresponding phase space. In particular, a new uncertainty principle for the affine group, which is directly related to the wavelet transform has lead to a new minimizing waveform. In this thesis, a frame construction is proposed which leads to approximately tight frames based on this minimizing waveform. Frame properties such as the diagonality of the frame operator as well as lower and upper frame bounds are analyzed. Additionally, three applications of such frame constructions are introduced: inpainting of missing audio data, detection of neuronal spikes in extracellular recorded data and peak detection in MALDI imaging data.
Regulated During the Postmeiotic Stages

Transition protein 1 (TP1) is a small basic nuclear protein that functions in chromatin condensation during spermatogenesis in mammals. Here, recently identified cDNA clones encoding mouse transition protein 1 (mTP1) were used to characterize the expression of the mTP1 mRNA during spermatogenesis. Southern blot analysis demonstrates that there is a single copy of the gene for transition protein 1 in the mouse genome. Northern blot analysis demonstrates that mTPl mRNA is a polyadenylated mRNA approximately 600 bases long, which is first detected at the round spermatid stage of spermatogenesis. mTPl mRNA is not detectable in poly(A) + RNAs isolated from mouse brain, kidney, liver, or thigh muscle. mTPl mRNA is translationally regulated in that it is first detected in round spermatids, but no protein product is detectable until approximately 3 days later in elongating spermatids. In total cellular RNA isolated from stages in which mTPl is synthesized, the mTPl mRNA is present as a heterogeneous class of mRNAs that vary in size from about 480 to 600 bases. The shortened, heterogeneous mTPl mRNAs are found in the polysome region of sucrose gradients, while the longer, more homogeneous mTPl mRNAs are present in the postmono-
A search for particle showers at the edge of IceCube’s instrumented volume

Among the analysis strategies used in IceCube, searches for neutrinoinduced particle showers, so called cascades, provide good energy resolution and a relative low atmospheric background. Therefore, they provide large sensitivity to the extraterrestrial neutrino flux. Previously, these searches have been constrained to neutrino interactions in a center region of the instrumented volume. The volume at the border and surrounding the detector was needed to veto the incident atmospheric muon background. This dissertation presents an analysis of two years of IceCube data and demonstrates the feasibility of using the veto region for cascade searches. This increases the usable detector volume by « 80% and improves the statistic in the high-energy tail of the neutrino spectrum by adding 18 neutrino candidates in the energy range from 34 to 576 TeV. The result is supports the established evidence for the extraterrestrial neutrino flux by rejecting the pure atmospheric background hypothesis at the 2.7 sigma level, the data prefers an extraterrestrial neutrino flux with a featureless power law with an index of γ “ 2.50`0.28 ́0.28 well in agreement with previous IceCube results.
Baicalin Is aMajorComponentof PC-SPESWhich Inhibits the ProliferationofHumanCancerCells

BACKGROUND. PC-SPES is an eight-herb mixture that was shown to have activity against prostate cancer. Recently, we isolated a major component (6% of the total ethanolic extract) known as baicalin from PC-SPES by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). METHODS. Baicalin was evaluated for its ability to inhibit clonal growth, and to induce cell cycle arrest of various cancer types (PC-3, DU145, LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines, MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, HL-60 myeloblastic leukemia cell line, and NB4 promyelocytic leukemia cell line). The ability of baicalin to induce apoptosis of cancer cells was examined by both staining with Annexin V and detection of cleavage of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Western blot analysis examined the effect of baicalin on levels of p21 and p27 in those cells. Futhermore, induction of differentiation in HL-60 cells was measured by expression of CD11b. RESULTS. Baicalin inhibited the clonal proliferation of LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer cell lines, and the HL-60 and NB4 myeloblastic/promyelocytic leukemia cell lines with a 50% inhibition (ED50) that ranged between 6.4 10ÿ6 to 12 10ÿ6 mol/L. Cell cycle analysis showed that baicalin (2 10ÿ5 mol/L, 4 days) caused a G0/G1 and G2/M accumulation of LNCaP and HL-60 cells, respectively. Concomitantly, differentiation and apoptosis were induced in HL-60 cells, as measured by expression of CD11b antigen, staining with annexin V, and detection of cleavage of PARP. Moreover, baicalin enhanced the expression of the cyclindependent kinase inhibitor, p27 in LNCaP and HL-60 cells. CONCLUSIONS. Baicalin inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells via apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, in which p27 may play a role. Baicalin may be a novel, adjunctive therapy for selected malignancies including prostate cancer. Prostate 49: 285±292, 2001. # 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
[Ca]c Response to ATPin HL-60 Cells Following GSH Depletion

Calcium is an important molecule in a number of biological systems. Often these systems are signal transduction cascades involving molecules such as ATP. ATP activates second messengers which can interact with ion channels on the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum resulting in the emptying of the intracellular calcium stores and an increase in cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca]c). Changes in [Ca]c can be influenced by external factors such as a static magnetic field (SMF). One hypothesis suggests that a SMF affects the cells through the radical pair mechanism. By reducing the number of antioxidant molecules like glutathione (GSH), the proportion of free radicals in the cells is increased and may lead to a greater probability of a biological response to a SMF. The purpose of this study was to determine if the [Ca]c response to ATP was affected by depletion of GSH by diethylmaleate (DEM) and the absence or presence of a 100 mT homogeneous SMF. Undifferentiated HL-60 cells were loaded with fura-2 AM. [Ca]c was measured in real time using a ratiometric fluorescence spectroscopy system. Various (DEM) ranging from 1 to 15 mM were added to deplete GSH. Cells were either exposed to sham or magnetic field (100 mT) for 13 min (780 s) and challenged with 1 mM ATP. The data show that [Ca]c was elevated following treatment with DEM with greater [Ca ]c at higher [DEM]. The [Ca]c response to ATP was decreased as the DEM concentration increased. However, there was no effect of a 100 mT SMF on the average [Ca]c peak following ATP activation or the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the [Ca]c response and recovery after ATP activation. Bioelectromagnetics 30:322–329, 2009. 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Two-machine flow-shop scheduling to minimize total late work: revisited

ABSTRACT This article revisits the scheduling problem in a two-machine flow-shop system with the total late work criterion, which penalizes parts of jobs executed after their due dates. Firstly, it is shown that a lower bound presented previously in the literature, in the context of a branch-and-bound algorithm proposed for the same problem, is invalid. Then a novel proposal of the branch-and-bound method is given equipped with a new lower-bound technique, as well as an upper-bound and dominance rules. Numerical experiments show that the newly proposed lower-bound technique works well in cutting unpromising branches.
Linear stability analysis of low angular momentum accretion flow in the Kerr metric and the corresponding emergent gravity phenomena

For certain geometric configuration of matter falling onto a rotating black hole, we develop a novel linear perturbation analysis scheme to perform the stability analysis of stationary integral accretion solutions corresponding to the steady state low angular momentum, inviscid, barotropic, irrotational, general relativistic accretion of hydrodynamic fluid. We demonstrate that such steady states remain stable under linear perturbation, and hence the stationary solutions are reliable to probe the black hole spacetime using the accretion phenomena.We report that a relativistic acoustic geometry emerges out as the consequence of such stability analysis procedure. We study various properties of that sonic geometry in detail. We construct the causal structures to establish the one to one correspondences of the sonic points with the acoustic black hole horizons, and the shock location with an acoustic white hole horizon. The influence of the spin of the rotating black holes on the emergence of such acoustic spacetime has been discussed.
Optical fiber tip tweezers, a complementary approach for nanoparticle trapping

Abstract. Nanoparticles of different compositions, sizes, and shapes are elaborated and trapped in a reproducible and stable manner using our optical fiber tip tweezers. Here we report trapping of spherical YAG : Ce3 + particles of 300 and 60 nm diameters and of NaYF4 : Er3 + , Yb3 + nanorods of lengths from 640 nm to 1.9 μm. The properties of the tweezers are analyzed by video observations using Boltzmann statistics and power spectra analysis. Efficient trapping is found for the spherical particles and the small nanorods, whereas the large nanorods are efficiently trapped with only one fiber tip. The optical emission of a trapped nanorod completes the experimental results. Force calculations using the exact Maxwell stress tensor formalism are conducted to explain the experimental observations.
Spatially-Resolved Electron Density Measurement in Hydrogen Pellet Ablation Cloud

A spectroscopic method for spatial resolution measurement in fuel pellet ablation clouds is being developed in the Large Helical Device (LHD). Spatial resolution is obtained thanks to optics that have a narrow, band-shaped field-of-view. The Stark-broadened Hβ emission line of a deuterium pellet ablation cloud is isolated and analyzed with a spectral lineshape code. The electron density profile of the ablation cloud along its direction of elongation is derived through least squares fitting. The obtained profile is peaked and has a dip at its center which confirms what can be found in simulations. Moreover, the order of magnitudes for the derived electron densities are in agreement with what has already been found in the LHD.
Deriving the Beam Equation using the Minimum Total Potential Energy Principle and Solving the Equation Numerically

The beam equation describes the deflection of a beam subject to point loads and / or distributed loads, while being supported at both ends. The beam equation is commonly derived in the scientific literature using forceand moment balances, which lead to a boundary value problem. The present paper derives the beam equation using the minimum total potential energy principle and solves the optimization problem numerically. The motivation behind this work is to ease future extensions of the beam equation into larger deflections and nonlinear materials. These future extensions are necessary to model subsea power cables and umbilicals during bending stiffness tests which is the author’s final goal.
Adaptive tracking control of flapping wing micro-air vehicles with averaging theory

An input constrained adaptive tracking controller is designed for flapping micro aerial vehicles, wherein the moving averaging filter is adopted to estimate the averaged states of the system. Specifically, in the outer loop controller, an observer is constructed to estimate the disturbances within the system. Moreover, the constrained thrust is designed to keep the frequency in a proper region so as to meet the requirement of average estimation. Then, a tracking differentiator is used to provide trackable trajectories for the inner loop. Subsequently, a new quaternion-based hybrid attitude tracking controller is designed which successfully deals with high-frequency noises and avoids possible chattering. As supported by mathematical analysis, the proposed control strategy guarantees the uniform ultimate boundedness of the closed-loop system, and it keeps the control torques within the permitted range to meet the application requirement. At last, numerical simulations are carried out to support the validity of the proposed controller, whose results are satisfactory even when the thrust and torques are saturated.
Prediction of ducted diaphragm noise using a stochastic approach with adapted temporal filters

The noise production by ducted single- and double-diaphragm configurations is simulated using a stochastic noise generation and radiation numerical method. The importance of modeling correctly the anisotropy and temporal de-correlation is discussed, based on numerical results obtained by large eddy simulation. A new temporal filter is proposed, designed to provide the targeted spectral decay of energy in an Eulerian reference frame. An anisotropy correction is implemented using a non-linear model. The acoustic propagation problem is solved using Lighthill’s aeroacoustic analogy with a tailored Green’s function obtained analytically. Comparison with scale--resolved data indicates that accurate far-field noise predictions are obtained for both single and double diaphragm configurations, with computational costs significantly reduced with respect to the scale-resolved approach. A grouping scheme for the noise sources based on the octree structure is introduced to minimize the memory requirements and further reduce the computational cost.
Appraising the causal association between gut microbiota and immune-related adverse events: perspectives from a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study

Background: Emerging evidence suggested that the gut microbiota associated with the development of immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) among cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but their roles remain largely unknown, and the causal associations are yet to be clarified. Methods: Bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was employed to examine the potential causal relationship between the gut microbiome and irAEs (high-grade irAEs and all-grade irAEs). Instrumental variables (IVs) for gut microbiota were retrieved from the MiBioGen consortium (18,340 participants). GWAS summary data for instrument-outcome associations were gathered from an ICIs-treated cohort with 1,751 cancer patients. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR PRESSO, maximum likelihood (ML), weighted median, weighted mode, and cML-MA-BIC were used in the MR analysis. Reverse MR analysis was performed on the identified bacteria that were causally associated with irAEs. Results: Fourteen gut bacterial taxa identified by IVW and MR PRESSO were causally associated with irAEs, among which Lachnospiraceae was shown to increase the risk of both high-grade and all-grade irAEs. Akkermansia, Verrucomicrobiaceae, and Anaerostipes were found to exert protective roles in high-grade irAEs. Nevertheless, Ruminiclostridium6, Coprococcus3, Collinsella, and Eubacterium (fissicatena group) predispose to the development of high-grade irAEs. For all-grade irAEs, RuminococcaceaeUCG004, and DefluviitaleaceaeUCG011 were shown to have protective effects. While on the contrary, Porphyromonadaceae, Roseburia, Eubacterium (brachy group), and Peptococcus were associated with an elevated risk of all-grade irAEs. Conclusion: Our MR analysis found that Lachnospiraceae and Akkermansia et al. were causally associated with the development of irAEs, which warrants further investigation.
Laplace Variational Method for System of Partial Differential Equations

The dynamics of complex biological systems can be analyzed with the aid of mathematical models. These mathematical models are mostly based on systems of coupled linear or nonlinear partial differential equations. The semi-analytic technique Laplace Variational Method has been presented in this article and is successfully applied to different mathematical models. The method simplifies the basic application procedure of Variational Iteration Method by applying the Laplace transformation. We have confirmed this advantage of this method over other methods with the help of examples and their comparative analysis.