Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ISIS: It’s Not Disfluent, but How Do We Know That?

1. Introduction One of the most robust and exceptionless rules of English grammar is that there can only be one tensed verb per clause. When an English speaker utters two tensed verbs in succession, he or she is generally not speaking fluently; the second verb can be interpreted as a repair of the first, and the first can be interpreted as a false start. A possible exception to this rule concerns the present tense form is. It seems that when English speakers use is twice in a row in examples like the following, they are speaking perfectly fluently. (1) But the thing is is that I'm naturally thin. Although this conclusion is intuitively clear to native speakers who have encountered the phenomenon, it is challenging to rule out the possibility that these examples are mere repetition disfluencies. In this paper, our goal will be to empirically support the intuition that spoken examples of this putative exception, which we will refer to as " ISIS " , following Zwicky (2002), don't " sound " disfluent, i.e., they don't have the acoustic properties of disfluencies. The first person to publish an observation of this special property of is was Dwight Bolinger, in his 1987 article entitled " The remarkable double IS. " He thought that the phenomenon was " not more than two or three decades old, " despite an isolated example from a letter written by Charles Darwin that he cites: (2) My excuse and reason is, is the different way all the Wedgwoods view the subject from what you and my sister do. McConvell (1988) says: " As I heard more and more examples in natural conversation in different places from English speakers with widely differing dialect backgrounds, I became aware that something systematic was going on.
Lattice paths and the quadratic coefficient of Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials

In 1979, Kazhdan and Lusztig defined a family Pu,v(q) of polynomials indexed by pairs of elements of a Coxeter group W that have proven to be fundamental objects of study in representation theory. At the same time, they can be defined combinatorially, and so have also been studied by combinatorialists. Although it is now known that Pu,v(q) depends only on the structure of the Bruhat interval [u, v] as an abstract poset, explicit formulas which exhibit this invariance are only known in general for intervals of length at most 4. In this paper we use a formula of Brenti to give an explicit formula for the quadratic coefficient of Pu,v(q) which is almost combinatorially invariant, and use this formula to give a combinatorially invariant formula for intervals of length at most 6 in the special case that u = e.
Rethinking practice with multicultural communities: Lessons from research-based applications

Social work recognizes “the power and possibility of story” (Burack-Weiss, Lawrence, & Mijangos, 2017). We listen to our clients’ personal narratives and establish relationships with them. But the power of eliciting people’s stories can also be applied to entire communities. Communities serve not only as a context for people’s lives but have a character, a story of their own. To understand what they consider we need to know about them and respond to their priorities is the aim of social work practice with multicultural communities. Why, then, is there a disconnect between social work and multicultural communities? A survey of an African American community revealed overwhelming agreement that social workers can be a great source of comfort to people in times of need (Williams, Simon, & Bell, 2015), consistent with perceptions of the general population (LeCroy & Stinson, 2004). Yet there was significantly less agreement that social workers were sensitive to their needs. Most associated social work with child protection and child welfare agencies. Negative perceptions are influenced by client relationships with broader institutions. This is particularly evident among clients who are navigating multiple social barriers. For example, in her research Mackall (2018) found that adolescents in the juvenile justice system view social workers and other frontline workers as representing social institutions (associating them with police and detention staff), thus responding with distrust and further isolation. Under conditions of racial segregation, high poverty and unemployment, and lack of access to resources and opportunities, distrust in institutions often carries over to social service organizations (Plaza, 2017). The extent to which clients access services, often attributed to barriers related to provider cultural competence, has been found to be associated with a series of interconnected events in their lives, events that precede and eventually lead to contact with social service agencies (Lauck, 2000, p. iii). These oppressive environments often eclipse the stories, the cultural richness of many communities—the totality of their life experience, their beliefs, social norms, and institutions. And so we don’t fully integrate this cultural richness into our social service systems. Yet, cultural background significantly influences encounters
Improved Analytical Modeling of Permanent Magnet Leakage Flux in Design of the Coreless Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Generatorx

This paper presents an improved magnetic circuit model of a coreless axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machine for the evaluation of its air-gap leakage flux. In the coreless AFPM machine, the stator axial length is one of the effective parameters in the calculation of the air-gap leakage flux factor. It is important to correctly update the leakage flux factor value corresponding to the variation of machine dimensions during the optimal design procedure. In this regard, first, an improved magnetic equivalent model of AFPM is achieved by using a nonlinear iterative algorithm to consider the magnetic saturation of rotor back iron cores. Then, the distribution of the flux in all parts of the machine is obtained. In other words, a quasi-3-D model of the coreless AFPM machine is considered based on the sizing equations to analytically obtain the air-gap leakage flux factor in terms of machine dimensions. Finally, the 3-D finite-element model of the machine is prepared to confirm the validity of analytical results. Very little difference between parameter values illustrates the accuracy of the proposed model.
Using Human Social Sensors for Robust Event Location Detection

Recently, the massive prevalence of mobile devices has led to the development of mobile social sensing systems where humans are enlisted to act as social sensors to perform geo-located tasks that require human intelligence or intervention. Social sensing from ubiquitous users can provide significant benefits particularly during crisis management and emergency scenarios. However, an important problem during such emergencies is how to exploit social sensors to accurately determine the location, extent and severity of the event. In this paper we develop a social sensing system that uses humans as social sensors where we apply particle filtering to iteratively determine the spatial areas to be investigated to accurately detect the location and state of the target event. Our experiments illustrate that our approach can accurately identify critical real-world events using feedback from the social sensors.
Simulation Model for Deterioration of Concrete Structures due to Chloride Attack

Reinforced concrete structures in a marine environment suffer deterioration caused by the corrosion of reinforcement. Various research projects have investigated this problem, yet few evaluation techniques have been developed until now. In this study, a simulation model for deterioration of concrete structures due to chloride attack was constructed. This model combines chloride and oxygen penetration models and a reinforcement corrosion model, taking into consideration variations in concrete quality and the existence of defects such as cracks. By using the proposed model, it was possible to estimate the progress of reinforcement corrosion and the corrosion crack generation timing in concrete.
VERT : AN AUTOMATIC SUMMARY EVALUATION SYSTEM

In this paper, we propose an automatic evaluation procedure based on a metric which could provide summary evaluation without human assistance. Our system, which includes two metrics, for summary evaluation, is presented. The first metric is based on a known and powerful statistical test, the χ goodness-of-fit test, and has been used in several applications. The second metric is derived from three common metrics used to evaluate NLP systems, namely precision, recall and f-measure. The combination of these two metrics is intended to allow one to assess the quality of summaries quickly, cheaply and without the need of human intervention, minimizing though, the role of subjective judgment and bias.
INCREMENTAL 3D BODY RECONSTRUCTION FRAMEWORK FOR ROBOTIC TELEPRESENCE APPLICATIONS

This research proposes an on-line incremental 3D reconstruction framework that can be used on telepresence robots or human robot interaction (HRI). The aim is a low cost solution that enables users to communicate and interact remotely experiencing the benefits of a face-to-face meeting. By exploring computers graphics techniques and spatial audio we intend to induce sensations of being physical in the presence of other people. There is a wide variety of research opportunities including high performance imaging, multi-view video, virtual view synthesis, etc. One fundamental challenge in geometry reconstruction from traditional cameras array is the lack of accuracy in low-texture or repeated pattern region. Our approach explores virtual view synthesis through motion body estimation and hybrid sensors composed by video cameras and a depth camera based on structured-light or time-of-flight. We present a full 3D body reconstruction system that combines visual features and shape-based alignment. Modeling is based on meshes computed from dense depth maps in order lower the data to be processed and create a 3D mesh representation that is independent of view-point.
Abstraction Refinement for Ontology Materialization Technical Report

ion Refinement for Ontology Materialization Technical Report Birte Glimm, Yevgeny Kazakov, Thorsten Liebig, Trung-Kien Tran, and Vincent Vialard 1 University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany, <first name>. <last name>@uni-ulm.de 2 derivo GmbH, Ulm, Germany, <lastname>@derivo.de Abstract. We present a new procedure for ontology materialization (computing all entailed instances of every atomic concept) in which reasoning over a large ABox is reduced to reasoning over a smaller “abstract” ABox. The abstract ABox is obtained as the result of a fixed-point computation involving two stages: 1) abstraction: partition the individuals into equivalence classes based on told information and use one representative individual per equivalence class, and 2) refinement: iteratively split (refine) the equivalence classes, when new assertions are derived that distinguish individuals within the same class. We prove that the method is complete for HornALCHOI ontologies, that is, all entailed instances will be derived once the fixed-point is reached. We implement the procedure in a new database-backed reasoning system and evaluate it empirically on existing ontologies with large ABoxes. We demonstrate that the obtained abstract ABoxes are significantly smaller than the original ones and can be computed with few refinement steps. We present a new procedure for ontology materialization (computing all entailed instances of every atomic concept) in which reasoning over a large ABox is reduced to reasoning over a smaller “abstract” ABox. The abstract ABox is obtained as the result of a fixed-point computation involving two stages: 1) abstraction: partition the individuals into equivalence classes based on told information and use one representative individual per equivalence class, and 2) refinement: iteratively split (refine) the equivalence classes, when new assertions are derived that distinguish individuals within the same class. We prove that the method is complete for HornALCHOI ontologies, that is, all entailed instances will be derived once the fixed-point is reached. We implement the procedure in a new database-backed reasoning system and evaluate it empirically on existing ontologies with large ABoxes. We demonstrate that the obtained abstract ABoxes are significantly smaller than the original ones and can be computed with few refinement steps.
New directions in measurement for software quality control

Assessing and controlling software quality is still an immature discipline. One of the reasons for this is that many of the concepts and terms that are used in discussing and describing quality are overloaded with a history from manufacturing quality. We argue in this paper that a quite distinct approach is needed to software quality control as compared with manufacturing quality control. In particular, the emphasis in software quality control is in design to fulfill business needs, rather than replication to agreed standards. We will describe how quality goals can be derived from business needs. Following that, we will introduce an approach to quality control that uses rich causal models, which can take into account human as well as technological influences. A significant concern of developing such models is the limited sample sizes that are available for eliciting model parameters. In the final section of the paper we will show how expert judgment can be reliably used to elicit parameters in the absence of statistical data. In total this provides an agenda for developing a framework for quality control in software engineering that is freed from the shackles of an inappropriate legacy.
Categorical perception of intonational contrasts in european portuguese

European Portuguese (EP) intonational contrast between statement and question contours was tested on a Categorical Perception based paradigm. From two natural sentences one produced by a male speaker and another by a female, one multi-step continuum from each sentence was created, from declarative to question contour, through acoustic manipulation (PSOLA) and submitted to 20 EP listeners that performed two tasks: an identification and a discrimination task. For the identification test, subjects had to categorize each presented stimulus. In addition to response data, reaction times of the identification task were also collected. For the discrimination test, subjects were presented with an AX discrimination task and had to decide whether the stimuli in each pair were equal or different. Experimental design and procedures were developed with E-Prime. Identification results confirmed that the contrast is indeed categorical. However, identification reaction times measurements point to continuous rather than categorical perception. The absence of a consistent peak of discrimination in the crossover between categories supports the continuous perception view.
Acorn woodpeckers: Helping at the nest, polygynandry, and dependence on a variable acorn crop

Th e acorn woodpecker ( Melanerpes formicivorus ) plays an important role in the history of cooperative breeding. It was one of the earliest species for which cooperative breeding was noted with more than two individuals feeding at a single nest as well as apparent mate-sharing (Myers 1915 ; Leach 1925 ; Michael 1927 ). Subsequently, in his classic Animal Dispersion in Relation to Social Behaviour , V. C. Wynne-Edwards singled out the acorn-storing habits of this species as a means by which birds assessed the food supply and adjusted their breeding so as to avoid overexploitation of resources. Indeed, Wynne-Edwards suggested that acorn storing was “the perfect example of an epideictic rite, combining as it does a sampling of the Acorn woodpeckers: Helping at the nest, polygynandry, and dependence on a variable acorn crop
IBM Research Report Direct Device Assignment for Untrusted Fully-Virtualized Virtual Machines

The I/O interfaces between a host platform and a guest virtual machine take one of three forms: either the hypervisor provides the guest with emulation of hardware devices, or the hypervisor provides virtual I/O drivers , or the hypervisor assigns a selected sub-set of the host’s real I/O devices directly to the guest. Each method has advantages and disadvantages, but letting VMs access devices directly has a number of particularly interesting beneﬁts, such as not requiring any guest VM changes and in theory providing near-native performance. In an eﬀort to quantify the beneﬁts of direct device access, we have implemented direct device assignment for untrusted, fully-virtualized virtual machines in the Linux/KVM environment using Intel’s VT-d IOMMU. Our implementation required no guest OS changes and—unlike alternative I/O virtualization approaches—provided near native I/O performance. In particular, a quantitative comparison of network performance on a 1GbE network shows that with large-enough messages direct device access through-put is statistically indistinguishable from native, albeit with CPU utilization that is slightly higher.
Coadministration of doxorubicin and etoposide loaded in camel milk phospholipids liposomes showed increased antitumor activity in a murine model

Small unilamellar vesicles from camel milk phospholipids (CML) mixture or from 1,2 dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) were prepared, and anticancer drugs doxorubicin (Dox) or etoposide (ETP) were loaded. Liposomal formulations were used against fibrosarcoma in a murine model. Results showed a very high percentage of Dox encapsulation (~98%) in liposomes (Lip) prepared from CML-Lip or DPPC-Lip, whereas the percentage of encapsulations of ETP was on the lower side, 22% of CML-Lip and 18% for DPPC-Lip. Differential scanning calorimetry curves show that Dox enhances the lamellar formation in CML-Lip, whereas ETP enhances the nonlamellar formation. Differential scanning calorimetry curves also showed that the presence of Dox and ETP together into DPPC-Lip produced the interdigitation effect. The in vivo anticancer activity of liposomal formulations of Dox or ETP or a combination of both was assessed against benzopyrene (BAP)-induced fibrosarcoma in a murine model. Tumor-bearing mice treated with a combination of Dox and ETP loaded into CML-Lip showed increased survival and reduced tumor growth compared to other groups, including the combination of Dox and ETP in DPPC-Lip. Fibrosarcoma-bearing mice treated with a combination of free (Dox + ETP) showed much higher tumor growth compared to those groups treated with CML-Lip-(Dox + ETP) or DPPC-Lip-(Dox + ETP). Immunohistochemical study was also performed to show the expression of tumor-suppressor PTEN, and it was found that the tumor tissues from the group of mice treated with a combination of free (Dox + ETP) showed greater loss of cytoplasmic PTEN than tumor tissues obtained from the groups of mice treated with CML-Lip-(Dox + ETP) or DPPC-Lip-(Dox + ETP).
Importance of Renal Sympathetic Tone in the Development of DOCA‐Salt Hypertension in the Rat

SUMMARY In many experimental models, acute increases in sympathetic nerrous system activity produce disproportionately greater vasoconstriction in the renal vascular bed than occurs in most other vascular beds. Since increased sympathetic nervous system activity has been implicated in the patbogenesis of DOCA-salt hypertension in the rat, we hypothesized that an attenuation of renal sympathetic tone would delay the development of this form of hypertension.
Betrixaban compared with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: results of a phase 2, randomized, dose-ranging study (Explore-Xa)

Aims Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are at increased risk of stroke. Betrixaban is a novel oral factor Xa inhibitor administered once daily, mostly excreted unchanged in the bile and with low (17%) renal excretion. Methods and results Patients with AF and more than one risk factor for stroke were randomized to one of three blinded doses of betrixaban (40, 60, or 80 mg once daily) or unblinded warfarin, adjusted to an international normalized ratio of 2.0–3.0. The primary outcome was major or clinically relevant non-major bleeding. The mean follow-up was 147 days. Among 508 patients randomized, the mean CHADS2 score was 2.2; 87% of patients had previously received vitamin K antagonist therapy. The time in therapeutic range on warfarin was 63.4%. There were one, five, five, and seven patients with a primary outcome on betrixaban 40, 60, 80 mg daily, or warfarin, respectively. The rate of the primary outcome was lowest on betrixaban 40 mg (hazard ratio compared with warfarin = 0.14, exact stratified log-rank P-value 0.04, unadjusted for multiple testing). Rates of the primary outcome with betrixaban 60 or 80 mg were more similar to those of wafarin. Two ischaemic strokes occurred, one each on betrixaban 60 and 80 mg daily. There were two vascular deaths, one each on betrixaban 40 mg and warfarin. Betrixaban was associated with higher rates of diarrhoea than warfarin. Conclusion Betrixaban was well tolerated and had similar or lower rates of bleeding compared with well-controlled warfarin in patients with AF at risk for stroke.
Design and evaluation of overview components for effective semantic data exploration

The growing volumes of semantic data available in the Web result in the need for handling the Information Overload phenomenon. The potential of this amount of data is enormous but in most cases it is very difficult for users to visualize, explore and use this data, especially for lay-users without experience with Semantic Web technologies. The Visual Information-Seeking Mantra "Overview first, zoom and filter, then details-on-demand" proposed by Shneiderman describes how data should be presented in different stages to achieve an effective exploration. The overview is the first user task when dealing with a dataset. The objective is that the user is capable of getting an idea about the overall structure of the dataset. However, obtaining this overview cannot be easily done with the current semantic web browsers. Overviews become difficult to achieve with large heterogeneous datasets, which is typical in the Semantic Web. There is little or no support to obtain overview information quickly and easily at the beginning of the exploration of a new dataset. This can be a serious limitation when exploring a dataset for the first time, specially for lay-users. Our proposal is to reuse and adapt existing Information Architecture (IA) components to provide this overview to users. Such IA components are well known to Web users, as they are present in most web pages: navigation bars, site maps and site indexes. We complement them with treemaps, a visualization technique for displaying hierarchical data. We report about the design of these components as well as their evaluation with end-users performing real tasks.
Uporaba metode QFT "Quantitative Feedback Theory" pri načrtovanju robustnega vodenja

Namen clanka je predstaviti nacrtovanje regulatorja z metodo QFT, ki je verjetno edina znana tehnika nacrtovanja vodenja, kjer je zajeto hkratno upostevanje faze in negotovosti parametrov objekta. Prednost metode je možnost doseganja robustne stabilnosti in robustnega ucinka z minimalnim ucinkom povratne vezave [7]. QFT je graficno-analiticni postopek nacrtovanja vodenja, ki zahteva precej predpriprav pri oblikovanju vzorcev objekta in empiricnih izkusenj, obenem pa daje nacrtovalcu precej maneverskega prostora in neposrednega vpogleda v spremembe regulatorja pri nacrtovanju. Temeljna hiba metode je dolocanje mej objekta v Nicholsovem grafu, saj izracun meja metode QFT eksponentno narasca z natancnostjo vzorca objekta. Za nazornejso predstavitev metode smo predstavili poskus na realnem objektu, kjer smo izvedli vodenje sistema z regulatorjem, nacrtovanim z metodo QFT ter preverili ter preverili lastnosti sistema in primerjali dobljene rezultate z rezultati, ko je bil sistem voden z regulatorjem, nacrtovanim po metodi H .