Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is Data Privacy Always Good for Software Testing?

Database-centric applications (DCAs) are common in enterprise computing, and they use nontrivial databases. Testing of DCAs is increasingly outsourced to test centers in order to achieve lower cost and higher quality. When releasing proprietary DCAs, its databases should also be made available to test engineers, so that they can test using real data. Testing with real data is important, since fake data lacks many of the intricate semantic connections among the original data elements. However, different data privacy laws prevent organizations from sharing these data with test centers because databases contain sensitive information. Currently, testing is performed with fake data that often leads to worse code coverage and fewer uncovered bugs, thereby reducing the quality of DCAs and obliterating benefits of test outsourcing. We show that a popular data anonymization algorithm called k-anonymity seriously degrades test coverage of DCAs. We propose an approach that uses program analysis to guide selective application of k-anonymity. This approach helps protect sensitive data in databases while retaining testing efficacy. Our results show that for small values of k = 7, test coverage drops to less than 30% from the original coverage of more than 70%, thus making it difficult to achieve good quality when testing DCAs while applying data privacy.
Energy Extraction from a Kerr Black Hole - An Ultimate Power Source in the Universe?

It is widely believed that some classes of high-energy transients may be powered by the rotational energy of a rapidly spinning black hole. The energy extraction mechanism commonly discussed involves macroscopic magnetic fields that are produced by currents flowing in a disk or torus surrounding the black hole. In spite of large efforts that have led to impressive progress in our understanding of the physics of magnetized flows in Kerr geometry, several important issues remain unresolved: the nature of the load in the Blandford-Znajeck model, the causality and stability of a force-free magnetosphere, global current closure, and the role of boundary conditions on the channels through which the extracted energy is released. This chapter provides an account of recent work that addresses some of those open questions.
A theory of resolution

We review the fundamental resolution based methods for rst order theorem proving and present them in a uniform framework We show that these calculi can be viewed as specializations of non clausal resolution with simpli cation Simpli cation techniques are justi ed with the help of a rather general no tion of redundancy for inferences As simpli cation and other techniques for the elimination of redundancy are indispensable for an acceptable behaviour of any practical theorem prover this work is the rst uniform treatment of resolution like techniques in which the avoidance of redundant computations attains the attention it deserves In many cases our presentation of a resolu tion method will indicate new ways of how to improve the method over what was known previously We also give answers to several open problems in the area
Singular and nonsingular eigenvectors for the Gaudin model

We present a method to construct a basis of singular and nonsingular common eigenvectors for Gaudin Hamiltonians in a tensor product module of the Lie algebra SL(2). The subset of singular vectors is completely described by analogy with covariant differential operators. The relation between singular eigenvectors and the Bethe Ansatz is discussed. In each weight subspace the set of singular eigenvectors is completed to a basis, by a family of nonsingular eigenvectors. We discuss also the generalization of this method to the case of an arbitrary Lie algebra.
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Domain Dialogue Systems

Standard deep reinforcement learning methods such as Deep Q-Networks (DQN) for multiple tasks (domains) face scalability problems. We propose a method for multi-domain dialogue policy learning---termed NDQN, and apply it to an information-seeking spoken dialogue system in the domains of restaurants and hotels. Experimental results comparing DQN (baseline) versus NDQN (proposed) using simulations report that our proposed method exhibits better scalability and is promising for optimising the behaviour of multi-domain dialogue systems.
Proteomic Identification of Calumenin as a G551D - CFTR Associated Protein

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in the Caucasian population. It is due to mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. To date, over 1910 mutations have been identified in the CFTR gene. Among these mutations, the CF-causing missense mutation G551D-CFTR (approx. 5% of cases) encodes for a CFTR chloride channel with normal expression on the cell surface. Nevertheless, it is associated with severe disease due to its altered channel activation. The aim of the present study was to identify specific interacting proteins of G551D-CFTR. Co-immunoprecipitated proteins with G551D-CFTR were resolved by 2D-gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Mass Spectrometry revealed that calumenin was present in the protein complex linked to G551D-CFTR. Despite its basal expression was not modified in G551D-CFTR expressing cells when compared to Wt-CFTR expressing cells, it was more abundant in the G551D-CFTR complex detected by immunoprecipitation. The calumenin-CFTR interaction was also shown by Surface Plasmon Resonance and further confirmed by computational analysis of the predicted calumenin’s partners. Because in our cellular model calumenin was found in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by immunofluorescence experiments, we suggest that calumenin is likely involved in the mutated CFTR’s maturation. In conclusion, we showed for the first time that calumenin binds to CFTR and that it is increased in the G551D-CFTR complex. We suggest that it may be involved in the physiopathology of G551D-CFTR and that G551D-CFTR may follow a specific maturation and trafficking pathway. We also hypothesize that UPR may be triggered independently of the retention of G551D-CFTR in the ER because Grp78/Bip expression is increased in the cells. Finally, we propose here that Calumenin is a new CFTR chaperone.
Fast Edge-Aware Cost Aggregation for Stereo Correspondence

Stereo correspondence computes disparity map needed by many high-level computer vision tasks. Recently local stereo approaches show their ability matching global while keeping efficiency. But it still deserves further research for higher performance. In this paper, we propose a fast edge-aware cost aggregation strategy. It constructs 1D support window based on spatial and gradient information of input image, and uses a two-pass scheme to smooth the disparity space image. We also propose an O(1) implementation independent of window size for this scheme. A similar edge-aware median filter is proposed for the post-processing step. According to the evaluation results on the Middlebury stereo dataset, our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art local methods in accuracy and efficiency.
Novel Structural Approaches to Study GPCR Regulation

Background: Upon natural agonist or pharmacological stimulation, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are subjected to posttranslational modifications, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination. These posttranslational modifications allow protein–protein interactions that turn off and/or switch receptor signaling as well as trigger receptor internalization, recycling or degradation, among other responses. Characterization of these processes is essential to unravel the function and regulation of GPCR. Methods: In silico analysis and methods such as mass spectrometry have emerged as novel powerful tools. Both approaches have allowed proteomic studies to detect not only GPCR posttranslational modifications and receptor association with other signaling macromolecules but also to assess receptor conformational dynamics after ligand (agonist/antagonist) association. Results: this review aims to provide insights into some of these methodologies and to highlight how their use is enhancing our comprehension of GPCR function. We present an overview using data from different laboratories (including our own), particularly focusing on free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4) (previously known as GPR120) and α1A- and α1D-adrenergic receptors. From our perspective, these studies contribute to the understanding of GPCR regulation and will help to design better therapeutic agents.
Understanding the Osteosarcoma Pathobiology: A Comparative Oncology Approach

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive primary bone tumor in humans and is among the most common cancer afflicting dogs. Despite surgical advancements and intensification of chemo- and targeted therapies, the survival outcome for osteosarcoma patients is, as of yet, suboptimal. The presence of metastatic disease at diagnosis or its recurrence after initial therapy is a major factor for the poor outcomes. It is thought that most human and canine patients have at least microscopic metastatic lesions at diagnosis. Osteosarcoma in dogs occurs naturally with greater frequency and shares many biological and clinical similarities with osteosarcoma in humans. From a genetic perspective, osteosarcoma in both humans and dogs is characterized by complex karyotypes with highly variable structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations. Similar molecular abnormalities have been observed in human and canine osteosarcoma. For instance, loss of TP53 and RB regulated pathways are common. While there are several oncogenes that are commonly amplified in both humans and dogs, such as MYC and RAS, no commonly activated proto-oncogene has been identified that could form the basis for targeted therapies. It remains possible that recurrent aberrant gene expression changes due to gene amplification or epigenetic alterations could be uncovered and these could be used for developing new, targeted therapies. However, the remarkably high genomic complexity of osteosarcoma has precluded their definitive identification. Several advantageous murine models of osteosarcoma have been generated. These include spontaneous and genetically engineered mouse models, including a model based on forward genetics and transposon mutagenesis allowing new genes and genetic pathways to be implicated in osteosarcoma development. The proposition of this review is that careful comparative genomic studies between human, canine and mouse models of osteosarcoma may help identify commonly affected and targetable pathways for alternative therapies for osteosarcoma patients. Translational research may be found through a path that begins in mouse models, and then moves through canine patients, and then human patients.
PEAK: Pyramid Evaluation via Automated Knowledge Extraction

Evaluating the selection of content in a summary is important both for human-written summaries, which can be a useful pedagogical tool for reading and writing skills, and machine-generated summaries, which are increasingly being deployed in information management. The pyramid method assesses a summary by aggregating content units from the summaries of a wise crowd (a form of crowdsourcing). It has proven highly reliable but has largely depended on manual annotation. We propose PEAK, the first method to automatically assess summary content using the pyramid method that also generates the pyramid content models. PEAK relies on open information extraction and graph algorithms. The resulting scores correlate well with manually derived pyramid scores on both human and machine summaries, opening up the possibility of wide-spread use in numerous applications.
Watermarking Based on the Classification of Cracks in Paintings

This system presents a methodology for watermarking by detection of cracks in images of old statues of temples and old paintings. The cracks are detected by thresholding the output of the morphological top-hat transform. Afterwards, the thin dark brush strokes, which have been misidentified as cracks are removed using a semi-automatic procedure based on region growing. The cracks are classified using an unsupervised approach, which incorporates fuzzy clustering of the patterns. This system classifies cracks using the fuzzy k-means technique. The watermarked information is stored on the specific category of cracks. The user gives the input of the category of crack. The resulting image is the watermarked image. While retrieving the watermark information, the above procedure for identifying cracks is conducted and the watermark information is retrieved from the same category of cracks specified during the hiding stage.Index terms: This system presents a methodology for watermarking by detection of cracks in images of old statues of temples and old paintings. The cracks are detected by thresholding the output of the morphological top-hat transform. Afterwards, the thin dark brush strokes, which have been misidentified as cracks are removed using a semi-automatic procedure based on region growing. The cracks are classified using an unsupervised approach, which incorporates fuzzy clustering of the patterns. This system classifies cracks using the fuzzy k-means technique. The watermarked information is stored on the specific category of cracks. The user gives the input of the category of crack. The resulting image is the watermarked image. While retrieving the watermark information, the above procedure for identifying cracks is conducted and the watermark information is retrieved from the same category of cracks specified during the hiding stage.
You Look Familiar: How Malaysian Chinese Recognize Faces

East Asian and white Western observers employ different eye movement strategies for a variety of visual processing tasks, including face processing. Recent eye tracking studies on face recognition found that East Asians tend to integrate information holistically by focusing on the nose while white Westerners perceive faces featurally by moving between the eyes and mouth. The current study examines the eye movement strategy that Malaysian Chinese participants employ when recognizing East Asian, white Western, and African faces. Rather than adopting the Eastern or Western fixation pattern, Malaysian Chinese participants use a mixed strategy by focusing on the eyes and nose more than the mouth. The combination of Eastern and Western strategies proved advantageous in participants' ability to recognize East Asian and white Western faces, suggesting that individuals learn to use fixation patterns that are optimized for recognizing the faces with which they are more familiar.
CER-ETH – Center of Economic Research at ETH Zurich Boundedly rational consumers, energy and investment literacy, and the display of information on household appliances

It is an ongoing debate how to increase the adoption of energy-efficient light bulbs and household appliances in the presence of the so-called ’energy efficiency gap’. One measure to support consumers’ decision-making towards the purchase of more efficient appliances is the display of energy-related information in the form of energy-efficiency labels on electric consumer products. Another measure is to educate the consumers in order to increase their level of energy and investment literacy. Thus, two questions arise when it comes to the display of energy-related information on appliances: (1) What kind of information should be displayed to enable consumers to make rational and efficient choices? (2) What abilities and prior knowledge do consumers need to have to be able to process this information? In this paper, using a series of recursive bivariate probit models and three samples of 583, 877 and 1, 375 Swiss households from three major Swiss urban areas, we show how displaying information on the future energy consumption of electrical appliances in monetary terms, i.e. as an estimate of yearly energy cost (CHF) rather than in physical units (kWh), increases the probability that an individual performs an investment analysis and hence chooses the most (cost-)efficient appliance. In addition, our econometric results suggest that individuals with a higher level of energy and, in particular, investment literacy are more likely to perform an optimization rather than relying on a decision-making heuristic and are more likely to identify the most (cost-)efficient appliance.
Can Rare Events Explain the Equity Premium Puzzle?

Probably not. First, allowing the probabilities of the states of the economy to differ from their sample frequencies, the Consumption-CAPM is still rejected in both U.S. and international data. Second, the recorded world disasters are too small to rationalize the puzzle unless one assumes that disasters occur every 6-10 years. Third, if the data were generated by the rare events distribution needed to rationalize the equity premium puzzle, the puzzle itself would be unlikely to arise. Fourth, the rare events hypothesis, by reducing the cross-sectional dispersion of consumption risk, worsens the ability of the Consumption-CAPM to explain the cross-section of returns.
Benchmark Tests of Evolutionary Algorithms: Mathematic Evaluation and Application to Water Distribution Systems

Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) are a set of probabilistic optimization algorithms based on an analogy between natural biological systems and engineered systems. In this paper, the computational performance a set of specific EAs (specifically, the Genetic Algorithm, Evolutionary Programming, Particle Swarm Optimization, Ant Colony Optimization and Shuffled Complex Evolution Algorithm) are compared using a set of four mathematical test objective functions. In addition, a hybridization of EAs with other local search methods is introduced to improve or fine-tune the performance the primary EA. As a case study, the EAs are applied to a calibration problem for a water distribution system and ably show their robust and global convergence characteristics.
Timed event graphs with variable resources : Asymptotic behavior, representation in (min, +) algebra

Notre but est de montrer que l'approche developpee dans l'algebre (min,+) pour les graphes d'evenements temporises peut s'etendre a une sous-classe plus large de reseaux de Petri. Les graphes consideres peuvent etre vus comme des graphes d'evenements temporises sur lesquels des transitions source et/ou puits sont adjointes a certaines places. Des elements d'evaluation de performance et la representation lineaire de ces graphes dans l'algebre (min,+) (modele d'etat a parametres variables et relation entree-sortie) sont donnes.
Predicting Wikipedia Editor's Editing Interest Based on Factor Graph Model

Recruiting or recommending appropriate latent editors who can edit a specific entry (or called article) plays an important role in improving the quality of Wikipedia entries. To predict an editor's editing interest for Wikipedia entries, this paper proposes an Interest Prediction Factor Graph (IPFG) model, which is characterized by editor's social properties, hyperlinks between Wikipedia entries, categories of an entry and other important features. Furthermore, the paper suggests a parameter learning algorithm based on the gradient descent and Loopy Sum-Product algorithms for factor graphs. The experiment on a Wikipedia dataset shows that, the average prediction accuracy (F1-Measure) of the IPFG model could be up to 87.5%, which is about 35% higher than that of a collaborative filtering approach. Moreover, the paper analyses how incomplete social properties and editing bursts affect the prediction accuracy of the IPFG model. What we found would provide a useful insight into effective Wikipedia article tossing, and improve the quality of those entries that belong to specific categories by means of collective collaboration.
Secure and reliable transmission of chemical molecule structure using QR code and secret sharing

In chemical informatics and computational chemistry various methods and criteria's have been developed for representation of chemical structures in a computer readable format. A QR code representation of molecular structures is explored that permits the user to read and input molecular structures into computer systems in a fully automated fashion. The SMILES format is chosen where the input via QR code is fast and error free due to the 2D barcodes used which employ error correction and fully automatic. When a QR code contains important data or private information, the risk of exposure of data becomes a problem. Encryption of data may cause a single point failure.
EVALUATING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF SUBSISTENCE HUNTING IN TROPICAL FORESTS by

Large-bodied vertebrates are perhaps the most ecologically sensitive extracts of tropical forests, and their sustained management will become increasingly critical to the long-term integrity of these ecosystems. This paper presents the results of a long-term programme (1986-1996) of wildlife surveys, based on a standard linetransect censusing technique, which was designed to quantify the impact of different levels of hunting pressure across a wide range of Amazonian forest habitats. This is the most comprehensive set of quantitative biodiversity inventories of large-bodied birds and mammals for a given region of tropical forest. Population density and biomass estimates obtained at 25 terra firme and floodplain forest sites are used to determine which game species are most susceptible to population declines and local extinctions resulting from subsistence hunting practices. These estimates are then applied to a demographic model to determine the potential production and sustainable harvest of different game species within two broad classes of forest types. Data presented here indicate that estimates of forest productivity and baseline population density are essential components of sampling protocols designed to evaluate to what extent a game harvest regime can be considered to be sustainable.
Branes at orbifolds versus Hanany Witten in six dimensions

We reconstruct non-trivial 6d theories obtained by Blum and Intriligator by considering IIB or SO(32) 5 branes at ALE spaces in the language of Hanany-Witten setups. Using ST duality we make the equivalence of the two approaches manifest, thereby uncovering several new T-duality relations between the group theoretic data describing the embedding of the instantonic 5 brane in the ALE and brane positions in the Hanany-Witten language. We construct several new 6d theories, which can be understood as arising on 5 branes in IIB orientifolds with oppositely charged orientifold planes recently introduced by Witten.
Bounded Volatility in the Dutch Electoral Battlefield A Panel Study on Changing Vote Intentions in a Changing Party System, the Netherlands 2006-2010

Dutch elections continue to be the most volatile of Western Europe. But to what extent do voters’ changes in vote intentions continue to be structured by underlying ideological dimensions? This article discusses various theories on the ideological structure of the Dutch party system at the electoral level, and the way they relate to processes of dealignment and realignment. We test these theories using the 1Vandaag Opinion Panel data set, which follows 54 763 respondents in 53 waves between November 2006 and June 2010. We assess individuals’ changes in vote intentions, and analyse the structure in these changes. We draw three conclusions. First, Dutch voters are boundedly volatile and they tend to stick to one of two blocks of parties: a block of traditionally left-wing parties (PvdA, SP, GL) and a block of right-wing parties (CDA, VVD, TON and PVV). D66 functions as the electoral lynchpin between these blocks. Second, the Dutch party system is best described by a sociocultural dimension and a socio-economic dimension. Third, there is support for realignment (along the sociocultural dimension) and continued alignment (along the socio-economic dimension). Yet, we find evidence for widening electoral divisions: there is an electoral gap in the traditionally crowded political centre.