Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Neuropsychological sequelae in children with AML treated with or without prophylactic CNS-irradiation].

BACKGROUND In study AML-BFM 87 the relapse rate was lower in patients receiving cranial irradiation (CRT). However, CRT has always been associated with adverse cognitive side effects. Therefore, the impact of CRT on neuropsychological function in children with AML was retrospectively evaluated. PATIENTS We tested 53 children (30 boys, 23 girls) treated according to the AML-BFM-87 protocol (median age at diagnosis: 8.5 years, range 0.3 - 17.5; median time since diagnosis: 5.7 yrs, 3.8 - 10.7 yrs). To avoid any bias from additional therapy elements, patients with relapse or initial CNS involvement and transplanted patients were excluded (n=32). Our cohort was representative of the total group of 104 long term survivors of study AML-BFM 87. CNS prophylaxis consisted of ARA-C i.th. , high dose ARA-C i. v. and either no CRT (n=15) or CRT (n=38) at a dose of 12 - 18 Gy depending on age. METHODS Neuropsychological function was evaluated by psychological tests of attention and concentration (test d2 by Brickenkamp) and an intelligence test (Progressive Matrices by Raven). In addition, patients and their parents were interviewed about the occurrence of learning problems, subjective deficits in concentration and physical impairment. RESULTS In the total group, no significant differences were seen between irradiated and non-irradiated patients regarding the psychological tests. However, the irradiated patients scored below the non-irradiated control group in test "d2" (concentration: 41st vs. 59th percentile). In the interview, irradiated patients tended to report more learning problems (lp) (10/36 vs. 1/14; p=0.15) and subjective deficits in concentration (con). In irradiated girls (con: 6/15 vs. 0/8; p=0.06; lp: 5/15 vs. 0/8; p=0.12) and younger patients (0 - 5 years at diagnosis; con: 7/12 vs. 2/9; p=0.18; lp 3/10 vs. 1/9; p=0.18) this trend was even more pronounced. CONCLUSION Children with AML and CRT had no significant intellectual impairment in standardized tests when compared to non-irradiated patients. However, more irradiated patients reported learning problems and subjective concentration deficits.
The Effect of Carboxymethyl Cellulose as Bio Filler on Ionic Conductivity and Physical Property of Waste Cooking Oil Based Polyurethane Composite Polymer Electrolyte

Waste cooking oil (WCO) is an under-utilized, highly abundant raw material from food industry. In this study, WCO was used to prepare solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) films via solvent-free method. WCO was first pretreated and converted into polyol using epoxidation and hydroxylation reaction. Then, WCO-based polyol was combined with diisocyanate, LiCF3SO3 and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to obtain polyurethane SPE films. CMC was added to SPE as bio-filler to observe the effect on ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of SPE. SPE films were characterized using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction spectrometer (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry and tensile strength. Addition of CMC resulted in increase of ionic conductivity up to 1.19 x 10-5 S/cm for 15% CMC. The ionic conductivity supported with reduced crystalline peaks intensity in XRD to show that the amorphous nature of SPE increased as more CMC added. Tensile strength also increased with addition of CMC and peaked at 10% CMC (34.17 MPa) due to effective hydrogen bond interaction between CMC and PU or salt. However, increased CMC amount further to 15% reduced tensile strength due to agglomeration of CMC particles. As a conclusion, addition of CMC is a viable method to improve both ionic conductivity and mechanical property of SPE.
Memory for Verbally Presented Routes: A Comparison of Strategies Used by Blind and Sighted People

Experiments were conducted to determine the manner in which congenitally blind and sighted people remember verbal route descriptions. Subjects listened to route descriptions and were then required to perform either spatial or abstract/verbal sentence verifications before finger tracing those routes through a raised line matrix. Route tracing speed and accuracy revealed that for both congenitally blind and sighted subjects, spatial sentence verification interfered more with route memory, even though the spatial verifications were easier than the verbal/abstract verifications for both subject groups when performed alone. The finding indicates that both blind and sighted people transform verbal route descriptions into a spatial imagery form to guide finger tracing. If spatial information is remembered using an imagery strategy, then tactile maps may be better suited than verbal maps for conveying spatial information to blind travelers.
ARP Attacks in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Previous research to secure ad hoc network protocols concentrates on key distribution and on securing the routing protocol. Unfortunately, securing the routing layer is not sufficient to secure the ad hoc network, as lower layer and upper layer communication protocols remain vulnerable to attack. In this paper we illustrate that attacks against the ARP protocol are particularly devastating, even if a secure ad hoc network routing protocol is used. We demonstrate several attacks that paralyze network communication, even if only a small number of attackers are present. We present extensive simulations of a realistic attacker, and design appraoches to defend against ARP attacks.
Improving Source Code Lexicon via Traceability and Information Retrieval

The paper presents an approach helping developers to maintain source code identifiers and comments consistent with high-level artifacts. Specifically, the approach computes and shows the textual similarity between source code and related high-level artifacts. Our conjecture is that developers are induced to improve the source code lexicon, i.e., terms used in identifiers or comments, if the software development environment provides information about the textual similarity between the source code under development and the related high-level artifacts. The proposed approach also recommends candidate identifiers built from high-level artifacts related to the source code under development and has been implemented as an Eclipse plug-in, called COde Comprehension Nurturant Using Traceability (COCONUT). The paper also reports on two controlled experiments performed with master's and bachelor's students. The goal of the experiments is to evaluate the quality of identifiers and comments (in terms of their consistency with high-level artifacts) in the source code produced when using or not using COCONUT. The achieved results confirm our conjecture that providing the developers with similarity between code and high-level artifacts helps to improve the quality of source code lexicon. This indicates the potential usefulness of COCONUT as a feature for software development environments.
Low expression of alphaA-crystallins and rhodopsin kinase of photoreceptors in retinal dystrophy rat.

PURPOSE The Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat has been extensively characterized as a model for inherited retinal dystrophy such as retinitis pigmentosa. In the present study, compositions of retinal proteins were compared between RCS (rdy-/-) and control (rdy+/+) rats during progression of the disease to understand the molecular pathologic course of the retinal degeneration. METHODS Protein mapping was performed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) or two-dimensional (2D)-PAGE using whole retinas or rod outer segments (ROS) obtained by a sucrose-density gradient centrifugation method from RCS or control rats at the age of 3 to 8 weeks. RESULTS 2D-PAGE showed that retinal proteins of RCS rats were generally less abundant than those of the control animals and that the difference became more evident with aging. However, no significant difference was observed in the protein-mapping patterns in 2D-PAGE between RCS and control rats in any ages tested. Analysis by SDS-PAGE of ROS proteins and by western blot using antibodies against opsin, rhodopsin kinase (RK), recoverin, or arrestin demonstrated that a 20-kDa protein and RK were selectively less abundant in RCS than in control rats. Edman sequence analysis of the proteolytic peptides obtained by in-gel digestion of the corresponding protein band using endoproteinase Lys C identified the 20-kDa protein as alphaA-crystallin. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction confirmed selective low levels of mRNA expressions of alphaA-crystallins and RK in RCS rats. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that decreased expression of alphaA-crystallins and RK in RCS rats, may have significant roles in the development of retinal dystrophy.
Las redes sociales online: el nuevo soporte del capital social

El objetivo de esta investigacion consiste en demostrar que las redes sociales online configuran un nuevo soporte para el capital social. La generalizacion de Internet y, concretamente, de las redes sociales online, como pieza importante tanto de la vida de los ciudadanos como de las sociedades, justifica el estudio del capital social, en parte, de forma distinta a la tradicional, debido a sus caracteristicas y a las consecuencias de su uso. Para ello, en esta investigacion se utilizaron dos bases de datos: OSIM. Encuesta sobre redes sociales en Espana.2012 (proyecto CSO2009-08166) y Encuesta Social Europea (oleadas 1 a 5). Para estudiar la relacion entre capital social individual y redes sociales online, se realizaron analisis descriptivos y analisis bivariantes, mientras que para estudiar la relacion entre capital social colectivo y redes sociales online, se aplico ademas el analisis multivariante. Las principales conclusiones obtenidas fueron que las redes sociales online son utiles para mantener e incrementar el capital social individual, favorecen la participacion en la sociedad, pueden actuar como comunidades en determinadas ocasiones y que, al menos en Europa, no esta teniendo lugar un declive del capital social, especialmente si se tiene en cuenta el papel que juegan las redes sociales online.
The Multi-Dimensional Hartley Transform as a Basis for Volume Rendering

The Fast Hartley Transform (FHT), a discrete version of the Hartley Transform (HT), has been studied in various papers and shown to be faster and more convenient to implement and handle than the corresponding Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). As the HT is not as nicely separable as the FT, a multidimensional version of the HT needs to perform a final correction step to convert the result of separate HTs for each dimension into the final multi-dimensional transform. Although there exist algorithms for two and three dimensions, no generalization to arbitrary dimensions can be found in the literature. We demonstrate an easily comprehensible and efficient implementation of the fast HT and its multi-dimensional extension. By adapting this algorithm to volume rendering by the projection-slice theorem and by the use for filter analysis in frequency domain we further demonstrate the importance of the HT in this application area.
All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Modulates ICAM-1 N-Glycan Composition by Influencing GnT-III Levels and Inhibits Cell Adhesion and Trans-Endothelial Migration

Changes in the expression of glycosyltransferases directly influence the oligosaccharide structures and conformations of cell surface glycoproteins and consequently cellular phenotype transitions and biological behaviors. In the present study, we show that all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) modulates the N-glycan composition of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) by manipulating the expression of two N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases, GnT-III and GnT-V, via the ERK signaling pathway. Exposure of various cells to ATRA caused a remarkable gel mobility down-shift of ICAM-1. Treatment with PNGase F confirmed that the reduction of the ICAM-1 molecular mass is attributed to the decreased complexity of N-glycans. We noticed that the expression of the mRNA encoding GnT-III, which stops branching, was significantly enhanced following ATRA exposure. In contrast, the level of the mRNA encoding GnT-V, which promotes branching, was reduced following ATRA exposure. Silencing of GnT-III prevented the molecular mass shift of ICAM-1. Moreover, ATRA induction greatly inhibited the adhesion of SW480 and U937 cells to the HUVEC monolayer, whereas knock-down of GnT-III expression effectively restored cell adhesion function. Treatment with ATRA also dramatically reduced the trans-endothelial migration of U937 cells. These data indicate that the alteration of ICAM-1 N-glycan composition by ATRA-induced GnT-III activities hindered cell adhesion and cell migration functions simultaneously, pinpointing a unique regulatory role of specific glycosyltransferases in the biological behaviors of tumor cells and a novel function of ATRA in the modulation of ICAM-1 N-glycan composition.
Ecg Data Compression

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal play important role in diagnosis and analysis of heart diseases. For effective detection and diagnosis of cardiac diseases, the ECG data are continuously recorded, stored and transmitted. But long-term continuous monitoring generates large amount of data which becomes difficult for storage as well as for transmission. Therefore a efficient ECG data compression algorithm is needed that gives better compression ratio and less loss of data in reconstructed signal. This paper presents a wavelet transform and turning point
Change in inflammation in out-patient COPD patients from stable phase to a subsequent exacerbation

Background Inflammation increases during exacerbations of COPD, but only a few studies systematically assessed these changes. Better identification of these changes will increase our knowledge and potentially guide therapy, for instance by helping with quicker distinction of bacterially induced exacerbations from other causes. Aim To identify which inflammatory parameters increase during COPD exacerbations compared to stable disease, and to compare bacterial and non-bacterial exacerbations. Methods In 45 COPD patients (37 male/8 female, 21 current smokers, mean age 65, FEV1 52% predicted, pack years 38) sputum was collected during a stable phase and subsequently during an exacerbation. Results Sputum total cell counts (9.0 versus 7.9 × 106/mL), eosinophils (0.3 versus 0.2 × 106/mL), neutrophils (6.1 versus 5.8 × 106/mL), and lymphocytes (0.07 versus 0.02 × 106/mL) increased significantly during an exacerbation compared to stable disease. A bacterial infection was demonstrated by culture in 8 sputum samples obtained during an exacerbation. These exacerbations had significantly increased sputum total cell and neutrophil counts, leukotriene-B4, myeloperoxidase, interleukin-8 and interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, and were also associated with more systemic inflammation compared to exacerbations without a bacterial infection. Sputum TNF-α level during an exacerbation had the best test characteristics to predict a bacterial infection. Conclusion Sputum eosinophil, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts increase during COPD exacerbations. The increase in systemic inflammation during exacerbations seems to be limited to exacerbations caused by bacterial infections of the lower airways. Sputum TNF-α is a candidate marker for predicting airway bacterial infection.
Mutations in the palmitoyl-protein thioesterase gene (PPT; CLN1) causing juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis with granular osmiophilic deposits.

A subtype of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is well recognized which has a clinical course consistent with juvenile NCL (JNCL) but the ultrastructural characteristics of infantile NCL (INCL): granular osmiophilic deposits (GROD). Evidence supporting linkage of this phenotype, designated vJNCL/GROD, to the INCL region of chromosome 1p32 was demonstrated (pairwise lod score with D1S211 , Z max = 2.63, straight theta = 0.00). The INCL gene, palmitoyl-protein thioesterase (PPT ; CLN1), was therefore screened for mutations in 11 vJNCL/GROD families. Five mutations in the PPT gene were identified: three missense mutations, Thr75Pro, Asp79Gly, Leu219Gln, and two nonsense mutations, Leu10STOP and Arg151STOP. The missense mutation Thr75Pro accounted for nine of the 22 disease chromosomes analysed and the nonsense mutation Arg151STOP for seven. Nine out of 11 patients were shown to combine a missense mutation on one disease chromosome with a nonsense mutation on the other. Mutations previously identified in INCL were not observed in vJNCL/GROD families. Thioesterase activity in peripheral blood lymphoblast cells was found to be markedly reduced in vJNCL/GROD patients compared with controls. These results demonstrate that this subtype of JNCL is allelic to INCL and further emphasize the correlation which exists between genetic basis and ultrastructural changes in the NCLs.
Experimental chemotherapy against Trypanosoma cruzi infection using 1 ruthenium NO-donors 2

Douglas W. Franco, PhD 14 Departamento de Química e Física Molecular 15 Instituto de Química de São Carlos 16 Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil 17 Av. Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400 CP 780 São Carlos, SP; CEP 13560-970 18 Telephone: +55 16 3373 9976 19 Fax: +55 16 3373 9976; E-mail: *douglas@iqsc.usp. br 20 This work is based on a part of the Ph.D. thesis of Silva, JJN and is presently under the Brazilian patent 21 of invention PI 0705849-7. 22 Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/AAC.00104-09 AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 6 July 2009
The Nonspecific Binding of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors to Human Liver Microsomes

Drugs and other chemicals frequently bind nonspecifically to the constituents of an in vitro incubation mixture, particularly the enzyme source [e.g., human liver microsomes (HLM)]. Correction for nonspecific binding (NSB) is essential for the accurate calculation of the kinetic parameters Km, Clint, and Ki. Many tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are lipophilic organic bases that are nonionized at physiologic pH. Attempts to measure the NSB of several TKIs to HLM by equilibrium dialysis proved unsuccessful, presumably due to the limited aqueous solubility of these compounds. Thus, the addition of detergents to equilibrium dialysis samples was investigated as an approach to measure the NSB of TKIs. The binding of six validation set nonionized lipophilic bases (felodipine, isradipine, loratidine, midazolam, nifedipine, and pazopanib) to HLM (0.25 mg/ml) was shown to be unaffected by the addition of CHAPS (6 mM) to the dialysis medium. This approach was subsequently applied to measurement of the binding of axitinib, dabrafenib, erlotinib, gefitinib, ibrutinib, lapatinib, nilotinib, nintedanib, regorafenib, sorafenib, and trametinib to HLM (0.25 mg/ml). As with the validation set drugs, attainment of equilibrium was demonstrated in HLM-HLM and buffer-buffer control dialysis experiments. Values of the fraction unbound to HLM ranged from 0.14 (regorafenib and sorafenib) to 0.93 (nintedanib), and were generally consistent with the known physicochemical determinants of drug NSB. The extensive NSB of many TKIs to HLM underscores the importance of correction for TKI binding to HLM and, presumably, other enzyme sources present in in vitro incubation mixtures.
Evaluation of histogram based interest point detector in web image classification and search

Local image feature has received increasing attention in various applications, such as web image classification and search. The process of local feature extraction consists of two main steps: interest point detection and local feature description. A wealth of interest point detectors have been proposed in last decades. Most of them measure pixel-wise differences in image intensity or color. Recently, a new type of interest point detector has been developed, which incorporates histogram-based representation into the process of interest point detection. In this paper, we evaluate this histogram-based interest point detector in the context of web image classification and search, as well as compare it against typical pixel-based detectors and heuristic grid-based detector. The evaluation is performed on two web image datasets: NUS-WIDE-OBJECT and MIRFLICKR-25000 datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that the histogram-based interest point detector outperforms the pixel-based and grid-based detectors in both web image classification and search tasks.
The Role of Sex in Uveitis and Ocular Inflammation

Uveitides can be due to non-infectious and infectious etiologies. It has been observed that there is a gender difference with a greater preponderance of non-infectious uveitis in women than in men. This review will describe both non-infectious and infectious uveitides and describes some of the current autoimmune mechanisms thought to be underlying the gender difference. It will specifically look at non-infectious uveitides with systemic involvement including juvenile idiopathic arthritis, spondyloarthopathies, sarcoidosis, Behcet’s disease, and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease and at uveitides without systemic involvement including sympathetic ophthalmia, birdshot chorioretinitis, and the white dot syndromes. Infectious uveitides like acute retinal necrosis, progressive outer retinal necrosis, and cytomegalovirus mediated uveitis will be mentioned. Different uveitides with female- or male- predominance are presented and discussed.
Miner Text Mining Framework based on the Canonical Text Service Protocol

The purpose of this paper is to describe a modular framework for text mining that uses Canonical Text Service (CTS) as a data source. By combining standardized functionalities with standardized access to text data, this framework intends to reduce the heterogeneity of workflows in today’s Digital Humanities and act as an important element of a text research infrastructure. For this work the implementation of the CTS protocol described in (Tiepmar, 2015) is used. It uses advanced functionalities that are not part of the specifications of CTS. This means that, while most current modules should work with different implementations of the CTS protocol, it cannot be guaranteed that any future module will work.
When Is The Next ALPAC Report Due?

~. ~chine translation has a scme%~at checquered history. There were already proposals for autcmatic translation systems in the 30's, but it was not until after the second world war that real enthusiasm led to heavy funding and unrealistic expectations. Traditionally, the start of intensive work on machine translation is taken as being a memorand~n of Warren Weaver, then Director of the Natural Sciences Division of the Rockefeller Foundation, in 1949. In this memorandL~n, called 'Translation', Weaver took stock of earlier work done by Booth and Richens. He likened the problem of machine translation to the problem of code breaking, for which digital cc~uters had been used with considerable success : "It is very tempting to say that a book written in Chinese is silly a book written in English which was coded into the 'Chinese code'. If we have useful methods for solving almost any cryptographic problem, may it not be that with proper interpretation we already have useful methods for translation? " (Weaver, 1949).
Using Meta-learning to Classify Traveling Salesman Problems

In this paper, a meta-learning approach is proposed to suggest the best optimization technique (s) for instances of the Traveling Salesman Problem. The problem is represented by a dataset where each example is associated with one of the instances. Thus, each example contains characteristics of an instance and is labeled with the name of the technique (s) that obtained the best solution for this instance. Since the best solution can be obtained by more than one technique, an example may have more than one label. Therefore, the metal earning problem is addressed as a multi-label classification problem. Experiments with 535 instances of the problem were performed to evaluate the proposed approach, which produced promising results.