Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Energy-Saving Virtual-Machine Scheduling Algorithm of Cloud Computing System

Even virtual machines has been widely used as the unit to allocate the processor time or storage spaces by the providers of Cloud Computing systems, the energy consumption pattern of virtual machines in Cloud Computing system is not clear enough yet now. In this paper, we built an energy consumption model of the Cloud Computing system, by using statistical method we can estimate the energy consumption of a virtual machine in a small range of errors in 3%-6%. Then, based on the model, we proposed a virtual machine scheduling algorithm to improve the energy efficiency of the system. First, we set a threshold value of energy consumption for each server in the system, and by analyzing these work plans submitted by each virtual machine, we tested whether the threshold will been exceeded or not. Then, by migrate one/several chosen virtual machines to other physical servers in the system we can reduce the energy consumption of the whole system. Our evaluation shows that the proposed scheduling algorithm can effectively implement energy-saving goals without significant decline of the Quality of Services.
Policy decisions and tourism: unintended consequences or deliberate neglect – reactions to the ban on term time holidays in the UK’s South West

ABSTRACT This study explores reactions of the tourism industry in the UK’s South West to a change in regulations governing term time leave. It serves as an example of the impact of non-tourism specific policy making on tourism. Data were collected from 260 tourism firms via an online survey. Findings confirm a largely negative response to the change in regulations. The study illustrates divergent reactions to the regulations within one stakeholder group, here the tourism sector and by implication highlights the limitations of a naïve application of stakeholder theory. The study also offers insights into the nature of resilience within the sector. Avenues for further research are offered.
Preparation of amorphous silica from a renewable agricultural waste of rice husk ash by calcination method combined with chemical activation

Disclaimer All the opinions and statements expressed in the papers are on the responsibility of author(s) and are not to be regarded as those of the journal of Research on Engineering Structures and Materials (RESM) organization or related parties. The publishers make no warranty, explicit or implied, or make any representation with respect to the contents of any article will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, equations, or other information should be independently verified. The publisher and related parties shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with use of the information given in the journal or related means.
Diagnosis and Consulting for Control Network Performance Engineering of CSMA-Based Networks

Network performance engineering can verify the design and dimensioning of large-scale control networks like CSMA-based building automation networks. It combines performance analysis with diagnosis methods to evaluate the network utilization and to detect design errors before installation and can therewith save the expenses of overdimensioning and redesign. This paper will develop a diagnosis model based on fault trees that is able to use the huge amount of performance analysis results to identify design errors and analyze their coherences. This enables not only a fast tracing back of fault causes and the derivation of solutions; it can also visualize the fault coherence to the user and help him to understand his design. Additional consulting tools implement best practice strategies, to support the user in parameterization.
Frame-rate conversion for multiview video exploiting 3D motion models

A frame-rate conversion (FRC) scheme for increasing the frame-rate of multiview video for reduction of motion blur in hold-type displays is proposed. In order to obtain high quality inter-frames, the proposed method utilizes 3D motion models relying on the 3D scene information extractable from multiview video. First of all, independently moving objects (IMOs) are segmented by using a depth-based object segmentation method. Then, interest points on IMOs are obtained via scale invariant feature transform (SIFT). Estimating 3D rotation and translation matrices of moving rigid objects by the help of SIFT features between successive frames; 3D scene is reconstructed at any desired time instant. Inter-frames for the desired view of the multiview set are rendered by projecting the reconstructed 3D scene on this view. Simulation results reveal that, by utilizing true 3D object trajectory, the proposed method interpolates frames with increased quality compared to some conventional techniques.
Geometric model for vision-based door detection

Emerging assistive technologies, such as assistive domotics and socially assistive robots have considerable potential for enhancing the lives of many elderly and physically challenged people throughout the world. Blind and visually impaired people can use these technologies for many tasks recognizing objects, handling various household duties, navigation in indoor and outdoor environments. Door detection is one of the important issues in indoor navigation. This paper presents a novel vision-based door detection technique. It is based on the geometric properties of the 4-side polygon. The efficacy of the proposed method is tested using large database of images with different levels of complexity. The experimental results show the robustness of the proposed method against changes in colors, sizes, shapes, orientations, and textures of the door. Detection rate of 83% with relatively low false positive rate for simple images is achieved. This proposed algorithm is suitable for real-time, portable applications where it only requires one digital camera and low computational resources.
Molecular biology of the Bunyaviridae.

Introduction. More than 300 viruses, mostly arthropod-transmitted, are classified into the family Bunyaviridae, making it one of the largest groupings of animal viruses (Karabatsos, 1985). Until relatively recently these viruses were somewhat the ‘Cinderellas’ of animal virology, but with the increased recognition of their role in human diseases together with the results generated by the application of molecular techniques, the Bunyaviridae have achieved greater respectability. Rift Valley fever, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever and California encephalitis viruses are serious human pathogens that are classified in the family Bunyaviridae. In the tropics febrile illnesses are often diagnosed under the ‘great umbrella’ (Downs, 1975) of malaria and treated as such; in fact many cases are probably caused by members of the Bunyaviridae, although true diagnosis is rarely achieved (Shope, 1985). Hantaan and related viruses, the causative agents of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, are now recognized as belonging to the Bunyaviridae (Schmaljohn & Dalrymple, 1983) and cause a severe haemorrhagic disease with significant mortality throughout Asia, especially in China.
A Nonlinear Observer for Integration of GPS and INS Attitude

Thor I. Fossen received the M.Sc. degree in Naval Architecture in 1987 from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim and the Ph.D. degree in Engineering Cybernetics from NTNU in 1991. In the period 1989-1990 Fossen pursued postgraduate studies as a Fulbright scholar in Àight control at the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Washington, Seattle. In May 1993 Fossen was appointed as a Professor in Guidance, Navigation and Control at NTNU where he is teaching ship and ROV control systems design, Àight control, and nonlinear and adaptive control theory. Fossen is a Senior Scienti ¿c Advisor for ABB Industri AS, Marine Division in Oslo where he has worked on ship control. Fossen is the designer of the SeaLaunch trim and heel correction systems which is an offshore rig build by Boeing-Energia-Kværner from which rockets can be launched. Fossen is the author of the book Guidance and Control of Ocean Vehicles (Wiley, 1994) and the coeditor of the book New Directions in Nonlinear Observer Design (Springer-Verlag London, 1999).
An Iterative Decision Feedback Algorithm using the Cholesky Update for OFDM with Fast Fading

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is an efficient technique for high data rate transmission in wireless communications. If the channel varies within the time duration of an OFDM symbol, intercarrier interference (ICI) creates, resulting in a degradation of the error performance. Minimum mean square error decision feedback estimation (MMSE-DFE) algorithms can combat ICI. A standard MMSE symbol detection requires a calculation of the inverse of the signal covariance matrix which has a high computational cost. For this reason, alternative MMSE techniques have been developed which use recursive calculations and decision feedback to compute symbol estimates at a low computational cost with minimal increases in error performance. However, these computations are ill-conditioned and their error performance degrades when low precision arithmetic is used. This paper proposes a new iterative MMSE-DFE algorithm with the use of Cholesky updates. This method is more stable than other iterative MMSE-DFE algorithms. Simulation results show that the method improves the performance with no increase in computational complexity.
External Memory Algorithms for Shortest Distance Queries

Efficient computation of shortest distances over large static graphs is vital in several applications including web modeling, large communication systems, network analysis, Intelligent Transportation system and advanced spatiotemporal databases. A natural strategy is to preprocess the graph so that distance can be answered efficiently. Such a scheme should have following properties: (a) the data structure from preprocessing should be small (b) CPU and Disk I/O cost for per shortest distance computation be low and (c) it should provide worst case performance guarantees for both storage and distance computation cost. Current techniques lack one or more of these properties. We present two algorithms to bridge this gap for graphs that can be partitioned efficiently. Our experiments with real-world and synthetic datasets show that our algorithms are efficient and represent a tunable mechanism for making trade-offs between CPU costs and storage requirements.
ProTx-II, a Selective Inhibitor of NaV1.7 Sodium Channels, Blocks Action Potential Propagation in Nociceptors

Voltage-gated sodium (NaV1) channels play a critical role in modulating the excitability of sensory neurons, and human genetic evidence points to NaV1.7 as an essential contributor to pain signaling. Human loss-of-function mutations in SCN9A, the gene encoding NaV1.7, cause channelopathy-associated indifference to pain (CIP), whereas gain-of-function mutations are associated with two inherited painful neuropathies. Although the human genetic data make NaV1.7 an attractive target for the development of analgesics, pharmacological proof-of-concept in experimental pain models requires NaV1.7-selective channel blockers. Here, we show that the tarantula venom peptide ProTx-II selectively interacts with NaV1.7 channels, inhibiting NaV1.7 with an IC50 value of 0.3 nM, compared with IC50 values of 30 to 150 nM for other heterologously expressed NaV1 subtypes. This subtype selectivity was abolished by a point mutation in DIIS3. It is interesting that application of ProTx-II to desheathed cutaneous nerves completely blocked the C-fiber compound action potential at concentrations that had little effect on Aβ-fiber conduction. ProTx-II application had little effect on action potential propagation of the intact nerve, which may explain why ProTx-II was not efficacious in rodent models of acute and inflammatory pain. Mono-iodo-ProTx-II (125I-ProTx-II) binds with high affinity (Kd = 0.3 nM) to recombinant hNaV1.7 channels. Binding of 125I-ProTx-II is insensitive to the presence of other well characterized NaV1 channel modulators, suggesting that ProTx-II binds to a novel site, which may be more conducive to conferring subtype selectivity than the site occupied by traditional local anesthetics and anticonvulsants. Thus, the 125I-ProTx-II binding assay, described here, offers a new tool in the search for novel NaV1.7-selective blockers.
LSAR: Multi-UAV Collaboration for Search and Rescue Missions

In this paper, we consider the use of a team of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to accomplish a search and rescue (SAR) mission in the minimum time possible while saving the maximum number of people. A novel technique for the SAR problem is proposed and referred to as the layered search and rescue (LSAR) algorithm. The novelty of LSAR involves simulating real disasters to distribute SAR tasks among UAVs. The performance of LSAR is compared, in terms of percentage of rescued survivors and rescue and execution times, with the max-sum, auction-based, and locust-inspired approaches for multi UAV task allocation (LIAM) and opportunistic task allocation (OTA) schemes. The simulation results show that the UAVs running the LSAR algorithm on average rescue approximately 74% of the survivors, which is 8% higher than the next best algorithm (LIAM). Moreover, this percentage increases with the number of UAVs, almost linearly with the least slope, which means more scalability and coverage is obtained in comparison to other algorithms. In addition, the empirical cumulative distribution function of LSAR results shows that the percentages of rescued survivors clustered around the [78%–100%] range under an exponential curve, meaning most results are above 50%. In comparison, all the other algorithms have almost equal distributions of their percentage of rescued survivor results. Furthermore, because the LSAR algorithm focuses on the center of the disaster, it finds more survivors and rescues them faster than the other algorithms, with an average of 55%~77%. Moreover, most registered times to rescue survivors by LSAR are bounded by a time of 04:50:02 with 95% confidence for a one-month mission time.
The VLA-COSMOS Survey. I. Radio Identifications from the Pilot Project

We present a catalog of 246 radio sources found in the central 1° of the COSMOS field at 1.4 GHz. The VLA pilot project data have a resolution of 1. ″9 × 1. ″6 and an rms noise limit of ∼25–100 μJy beam-1 covering 0.837 deg2. About 20 radio sources are clearly extended, and most of them appear to be double-lobed radio galaxies. We find evidence for a cluster of seven radio galaxies with an extent of ∼10′ southeast of the COSMOS field center. This VLA pilot project was undertaken to demonstrate the feasibility of wide-field mosaicking at 2″ resolution at 1.4 GHz using the VLA in its A configuration. The seven-point mosaic data were used to develop the techniques necessary for reduction and analysis. These data will provide the initial astrometric frame for the optical (ground- and space-based) data of the COSMOS 2 deg2 survey. In addition, they demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining deep (rms ∼ a few microjanskys) radio imaging of this field at 1.4 GHz, since the brightest radio-emission peak detected within the area covered has a flux density of 13 mJy beam-1 and no strong sidelobes from sources surrounding the COSMOS field were detected. Comparison of the number counts with other deep radio surveys shows that the COSMOS field is a representative deep field in the radio domain.
Spectral curves and parameterizations of a discrete integrable 3-dimensional model

We consider a discrete classical integrable model on the 3-dimensional cubic lattice. The solutions of this model can be used to parameterize the Boltzmann weights of the different 3-dimensional spin models. We have found the general solution of this model constructed in terms of the theta-functions defined on an arbitrary compact algebraic curve. The imposing of the periodic boundary conditions fixes the algebraic curve. We have shown that in this case the curve coincides with the spectral one of the auxiliary linear problem. In the case when the curve is a rational one, the soliton solutions have been constructed.
Synaptic Strength Is Bidirectionally Controlled by Opposing Activity-Dependent Regulation of Nedd4-1 and USP8

The trafficking of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) to and from synapses is crucial for synaptic plasticity. Previous work has demonstrated that AMPARs undergo activity-dependent ubiquitination by the E3 ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-1, which promotes their internalization and degradation in lysosomes. Here, we define the molecular mechanisms involved in ubiquitination and deubiquitination of AMPARs. We report that Nedd4-1 is rapidly redistributed to dendritic spines in response to AMPAR activation and not in response to NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activation in cultured rat neurons. In contrast, NMDAR activation directly antagonizes Nedd4-1 function by promoting the deubiquitination of AMPARs. We show that NMDAR activation causes the rapid dephosphorylation and activation of the deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) USP8. Surface AMPAR levels and synaptic strength are inversely regulated by Nedd4-1 and USP8. Strikingly, we show that homeostatic downscaling of synaptic strength is accompanied by an increase and decrease in Nedd4-1 and USP8 protein levels, respectively. Furthermore, we show that Nedd4-1 is required for homeostatic loss of surface AMPARs and downscaling of synaptic strength. This study provides the first mechanistic evidence for rapid and opposing activity-dependent control of a ubiquitin ligase and DUB at mammalian CNS synapses. We propose that the dynamic regulation of these opposing forces is critical in maintaining synapses and scaling them during homeostatic plasticity.
Terrorist Group and Government Interaction: Progress in Empirical Research

Much progress has been made in the literature on terrorism and political violence over the last decade or more. More specifically, the proliferation of cross-national quantitative empirical work on terrorism has generated numerous advances and insights. While the volume of published work is impressive and the key findings are helpful to both scholars and policy-makers, much remains to be done. This paper argues that future work in this area can be improved with progress in several key areas. Interaction between a violent group and the government it targets is central to much of our theory. However, the theoretical implications of this interaction are not fully exploited with current data and prominent methods of analyzing it. Suggestions are provided that are intended to aid future researchers in addressing this point and in exploiting synergies between cross-national quantitative work and qualitative case study work.
CMCU model with base structure dedicated for CPLD systems

The method of hardware reduction presented in this work is intended for the compositional microprogram control unit (CMCU) implemented in the complex programmable logic device (CPLD). This method is based on applying more than one data source in generating the CMCU states and the microinstruction address. Streszczenie. W artykule przedstawiona zostala metoda zmniejszenia powierzchni sterownikow sprz˛ etowych realizowanych w ukladach typu CPLD. Metoda bazuje na wykorzystaniu wi ˛ ecej ni˙ z jednegodanych przy generowaniu stanu ukladu oraz adresu mikroinstrukcji. (Model CMCU o bazowej strukturze dedykowany dla ukladow CPLD)
A Wearable Sensor System for Human Motion Analysis and Humanoid Robot Control

This paper presents a study on the implementation of a wearable sensor system for quantitative human motion analysis and the application of the captioned sensor system to humanoid robot control. A human motion analysis system based on the wearable sensor system has been constructed, which is considerably inexpensive compared with the conventional 3D motion analysis system based on high-speed camera. Since conventional camera-based system requires costly devices, vast space as well as time-exhausted calibration experiments, the wearable sensor-based system is much low-cost because it is free of those cost factors. The gyroscopes (ENC-05EB) and two-axis accelerometers of ADXL202 are incorporated in the system. The former are taking care of angular velocity measurement of body segments, and the latter are designated to measure accelerations of leg in every single human motion cycle. The current human motion analysis system has been applied in a leg motion (including foot, shank and thigh, etc.) motion analysis. To facilitate the calculation of the gait phases which is fed by the data of sensors output, a fuzzy inference system (FIS) has been developed and incorporated into the sensor system. A digital filter has also been introduced to eliminate the noises from the output of FIS, which enhances the robustness of the system effectively. Experimental studies have been conducted by utilizing the current wearable sensor-based system in a humanoid robot "RI" control. The result shows the reliability of the system.
The Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) of Diarrheal Disease in Infants and Young Children in Developing Countries: Epidemiologic and Clinical Methods of the Case/Control Study

Background. Diarrhea is a leading cause of illness and death among children aged <5 years in developing countries. This paper describes the clinical and epidemiological methods used to conduct the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS), a 3-year, prospective, age-stratified, case/control study to estimate the population-based burden, microbiologic etiology, and adverse clinical consequences of acute moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) among a censused population of children aged 0–59 months seeking care at health centers in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Methods. GEMS was conducted at 7 field sites, each serving a population whose demography and healthcare utilization practices for childhood diarrhea were documented. We aimed to enroll 220 MSD cases per year from selected health centers serving each site in each of 3 age strata (0–11, 12–23, and 24–59 months), along with 1–3 matched community controls. Cases and controls supplied clinical, epidemiologic, and anthropometric data at enrollment and again approximately 60 days later, and provided enrollment stool specimens for identification and characterization of potential diarrheal pathogens. Verbal autopsy was performed if a child died. Analytic strategies will calculate the fraction of MSD attributable to each pathogen and the incidence, financial costs, nutritional consequences, and case fatality overall and by pathogen. Conclusions. When completed, GEMS will provide estimates of the incidence, etiology, and outcomes of MSD among infants and young children in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. This information can guide development and implementation of public health interventions to diminish morbidity and mortality from diarrheal diseases.