Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pseudoeffective Cones and Morphisms of Projective Varieties

The cycles on an algebraic variety contain a great deal of information about its geometry. This thesis is concerned with the pseudoeffective cone obtained by taking the closure of the cone of numerical classes of effective cycles on algebraic varieties. Our interest, motivated by different existing lines of research, is in showing when the pseudoeffective cone is not polyhedral in specific examples. We do this by first proving a sufficient criterion for non-polyhedral pseudoeffective cone (also known as Mori cone) for the case of surfaces. We apply this to the case of C × C where C is a smooth projective curve of genus at least 2. Using induction, we prove that all intermediate cones of cycles on C × . × C are not polyhedral. Finally, we study the case of surfaces fibered over curve and give a sufficient criterion for when its pseudoeffective cone is not polyhedral.
Does FDI Spur Innovation, Productivity and Knowledge Sourcing by Incumbent Firms? Evidence from Manufacturing Industry in Estonia

Does FDI affect productivity growth, innovation, and knowledge sourcing activities of domestic firms? This study employs detailed firm-level panel-data from Estonia’s manufacturing sector to investigate different channels through which FDI can affect domestic firms. I use instrumental variables approach to identify the effects. I find no evidence of an effect of FDI entry on local incumbents’ TFP and labour productivity growth in the short term. The effect on productivity does not depend on the local firms’ distance to the productivity frontier. However, there are positive spillovers on process innovation. The results show significant positive correlation between the entry of FDI in a sector and the more direct measures of spillovers in subsequent periods. This is consistent with the view that FDI inflow to a sector intensifies knowledge flows to domestic firms.
Model Scramble Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Siswa

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan temuan permasalahan kemampuan membaca pemahaman yang rendah pada siswa. Hal tersebut terjadi kerena proses pembelajaran dilakukan secara konvensional belum menggunakan model pembelajaran yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan dan peningkatan kemampuan membaca pemahaman siswa menggunakan model pembelajaran scramble. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif pre-eksperimental dengan jenis one-group pretest-posttest. Pelaksanan penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2022 di SD 4 Karangbener. Jumlah sampel terdiri dari 24 siswa. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan teknik tes dan non tes. Teknik tes menggunakan soal pretest dan posttest, sedangkan teknik non tes menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukan model scramble berpengaruh untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman bagi siswa kelas III di SD 4 Karangbener. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model scramble berpengaruh untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman siswa.
Separation and Vorticity Transport in Massively-Unsteady Low Reynolds Number Flows

iii LIST OF FIGURES.ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.xiii NOMENCLATURE.xiv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.1 1.2 Background and Previous Knowledge.5 CHAPTER 2: COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL SETUP.15 2.1 Description of Numerical Solver.15 2.2 Current Validations with Experiment.17 2.3 Experimental Setup.31 CHAPTER 3: AIRFOIL KINEMATICS.34 3.1 Description of Insect Motion.34 3.2 Cruising Flight Modeling.36 3.2 Angle of Attack for a Pitching and Plunging Airfoil.38 3.3 Description and Modeling of Hovering Motion.41
A simple electrometric method for parametric determination of Jones-Wilkins-Lee equation of state from underwater explosion test

The parametric determination of the Jones-Wilkins-Lee equation of state (JWL-EOS) of condensed explosives was mostly dependent on a cylinder test using a high-speed photography technique. In the present work, a simple electrometric method based on the underwater explosion test was developed with a novel pressure-conducted velocity probe permitting recording the detonation and shock wave velocity in a single test. Specifically, a velocity probe-based testing setup for the underwater explosion was designed at first to measure the oblique shock wave front of the cylinder charge. We carried out four tests using powdery cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) and obtained the curves of detonation-shock front position versus time. The oblique shock wave fronts were then determined based on the analysis of two-dimensional steady flow, and some other parameters such as detonation pressure, adiabatic exponent, Mach number, and gas-water interface angle were calculated combining the Prandtl-Mayer expansion law. Excellent agreements with the calculation results of Kamlet’s semi-empirical formulas were achieved. By applying a numerical calculation and test-and-error process, we adjusted the six JWL-EOS parameters (A, B, C, R1, R2, and ω) constantly to make the error between numerical and experimental results of oblique shock front fall within ±2%. Finally, the JWL-EOS of powdery RDX in each test was determined, and the curves of adiabatic pressure versus relative volume were plotted as well to demonstrate the accuracy of the present method.The parametric determination of the Jones-Wilkins-Lee equation of state (JWL-EOS) of condensed explosives was mostly dependent on a cylinder test using a high-speed photography technique. In the present work, a simple electrometric method based on the underwater explosion test was developed with a novel pressure-conducted velocity probe permitting recording the detonation and shock wave velocity in a single test. Specifically, a velocity probe-based testing setup for the underwater explosion was designed at first to measure the oblique shock wave front of the cylinder charge. We carried out four tests using powdery cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) and obtained the curves of detonation-shock front position versus time. The oblique shock wave fronts were then determined based on the analysis of two-dimensional steady flow, and some other parameters such as detonation pressure, adiabatic exponent, Mach number, and gas-water interface angle were calculated combining the Prandtl-Mayer expansion law. Excelle.
High Impact Learning in a Short-Term Study Abroad Program

This study examines a short-term study abroad program in Costa Rica. The goals of the study are to (1) investigate the link between high impact learning practices (HIPs) and program learning outcomes and (2) capture the relation between program structure, program facilitation, and student learning networks. The methodology includes ethnographic observations, student interviews, and social network analysis. The implementation of three HIPs in the program (applied learning, project-based, and cultural-learning) drives the change in student network structure. The article places scholarly attention on how HIPs incorporated into the program structure influence changes in student learning and support networks as well as influence student reported learning outcomes. Abstract in Spanish Este estudio examina un curso a corto plazo en el extranjero que se llevó a cabo en Costa Rica. Los objetivos del estudio son (1) investigar el vínculo entre las prácticas de aprendizaje de alto impacto (denominado en inglés HIP) y los resultados del aprendizaje del curso y (2) capturar la relación entre la estructura del curso, la facilitación del mismo, y las redes de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. La metodología incluye observaciones etnográficas, entrevistas con estudiantes, y análisis de redes sociales. La implementación de tres HIPs en el curso (aprendizaje aplicado, proyectos, y aprendizaje cultural) influye en el cambio en la estructura de la red social de los estudiantes. El artículo enfatiza cómo las prácticas de aprendizaje de alto impacto, incorporadas en la estructura del curso, influyen en los cambios en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes y en las redes de apoyo, así como en los resultados de aprendizaje reportados por los estudiantes.
Genome-Wide Identification and Transcriptome-Based Expression Profile of Cuticular Protein Genes in Antheraea pernyi

Antheraea pernyi is one of the most famous edible and silk-producing wild silkworms of Saturniidae. Structural cuticular proteins (CPs) are the primary component of insect cuticle. In this paper, the CPs in the genome of A. pernyi were identified and compared with those of the lepidopteran model species Bombyx mori, and expression patterns were analyzed based on the transcriptomic data from the larval epidermis/integument (epidermis in the following) and some non-epidermis tissues/organs of two silkworm species. A total of 217 CPs was identified in the A. pernyi genome, a comparable number to B. mori (236 CPs), with CPLCP and CPG families being the main contribution to the number difference between two silkworm species. We found more RR-2 genes expressed in the larval epidermis of fifth instar of A. pernyi than B. mori, but less RR-2 genes expressed in the prothoracic gland of A. pernyi than B. mori, which suggests that the hardness difference in the larval epidermis and prothoracic gland between the two species may be caused by the number of RR-2 genes expressed. We also revealed that, in B. mori, the number of CP genes expressed in the corpus allatum and prothoracic gland of fifth instar was higher than that in the larval epidermis. Our work provided an overall framework for functional research into the CP genes of Saturniidae.
On Term Structure of Yield Rates. 7. Another Temporal Variable for Maturities

In paper it is offered to consider a time variable that describes term to maturity of zero-coupon bonds as result of nonlinear transformation of the temporary terms that are independent on parameters of interest rate dynamics model, allowing to map the time numerical axis into an interval of unit length. This way has advantages before application as a measure of time of a duration of a short-term interest rate because at the duration application the time variable depends on parameters of considered models that complicates a comparison of yields for the same real terms to maturity. It is shown that resulting yield functions possess practically the same properties as a yield to maturity curve and a forward curve, except for (in certain cases) properties connected with the second derivative. At the same time they it is more convenient because allow to analyze visually the yields on all time axis. Use of such approach is illustrated in the analysis of properties of the yield curve and the forward curve for one-factor model of Duffie – Kan, Fong – Vasicek two-factor model and three-factor models of interest rates: Fong – Vasicek expanded model, Chen model and the BDFS model. In paper the mathematical models of dynamics of the state variables for all these cases (six various models) are formulated, the equations for functions of term structure are deduced and (when it is possible) their analytical solutions are found. As the main part of the equations can be solved only by calculations, numerical calculations for all six models are carried out and comparisons of yield functions characterizing their term structure are carried out. Calculations were carried out for a set of the parameters based on estimates, published by D. Ahn and B. Gao, fitting one-factor Duffie – Kan model for the description of dynamics of process of an annualized one-month U.S. Treasury bill rate for the supervision period from January, 1960 to February, 1991. Calculations showed that the increase of model dimension implies the decrease of yield rate.
The PC -Tree algorithm, Kuratowski subdivisions, and the torus.

THE PC-TREE ALGORITHM, KURATOWSKI SUBDIVISIONS, AND THE TORUS Charles J. Suer 13 May 2015 The PC-Tree algorithm of Shih and Hsu (1999) is a practical linear-time planarity algorithm that provides a plane embedding of the given graph if it is planar and a Kuratowski subdivision otherwise. Remarkably, there is no known linear-time algorithm for embedding graphs on the torus. We extend the PC-Tree algorithm to a practical, linear-time toroidality test forK3,3-free graphs called the PCK-Tree algorithm.We also prove that it is NP-complete to decide whether the edges of a graph can be covered with two Kuratowski subdivisions. This greatly reduces the possibility of a polynomial-time toroidality testing algorithm based solely on edge-coverings by subdivisions of Kuratowski subgraphs.
Association of polymorphisms in interleukin-8 gene with cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 22 case–control studies

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a kind of chemokine that plays an important role in the development and progression of many human malignancies. Previous studies have uncovered that polymorphisms in IL-8 is associated with the risk of many cancer types, but the results were inconsistent and inconclusive. In the present study, we aimed to explore the roles of IL-8 polymorphisms (rs2227307, rs2227306, +678T/C, rs1126647, and +1633C/T) and cancer risk through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Potential source of heterogeneity was sought out through sensitivity analysis. Desirable data were extracted and registered into databases. Finally, a total of ten publications comprising of 22 case–control studies, including 4,259 cases and 7,006 controls were ultimately eligible for the meta-analysis. No significant association was uncovered for all the five polymorphisms and the overall cancer risk. However, in the stratification analysis by cancer type, a significantly decreased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma was identified for rs2227306 polymorphism (T vs C: odds ratio [OR] =0.721, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.567–0.916, Pz=0.007; TT vs CC: OR =0.447, 95% CI =0.274–0.728, Pz=0.001; TT vs TC + CC: OR =0.480, 95% CI =0.304–0.760, Pz=0.002). In conclusion, our data shows that rs2227306 polymorphism plays a protective role in hepatocellular carcinoma risk. Future well-designed studies with a larger sample size are warranted to verify our findings.
Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury: A Contemporary Review

Clinically significant Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury (CIAKI) is a severe complication of interventional contrast-based procedures of all kinds. It involves high morbidity, mortality, social and financial losses. Acute renal damage after coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention may occur in 1-2% of cases in the general population or 50+% of cases with high CIAKI exposure. It is essential to detect high-risk patients with renal damage as a major and frequent CIAKI predisposing factor. There are novel biomarkers with rapid or nearly instant response to acute subclinical contrast-induced renal damage, which are highly valuable in CIAKI diagnosis and for this reason desire deeper clinical research. Despite a number of controversies, prophylactic and therapeutic measures are practically the same in a vast majority of guidelines. An intravenous 0.9% NaCl solution remains the only proven measure in CIAKI prophylaxis and treatment, while the use of other pharmacological approaches still needs more relevant prospective clinical research. The aim of this paper was to review contemporary evidencebased CIAKI data. *Corresponding author:
to record in KAR

Given the prominence of Muslim veils—in particular the hijab and full-face veil—in public discourse concerning the place of Muslims in Western society, we examined their impact on non-Muslims’ responses at both explicit and implicit levels. Results revealed that responses were more negative toward any veil compared with no veil, and more negative toward the full-face veil relative to the hijab: for emotions felt toward veiled women (Study 1), for non-affective attitudinal responses (Study 2), and for implicit negative attitudes revealed through response latency measures (Studies 3a and 3b). Finally, we manipulated the perceived reasons for wearing a veil, ﬁnding that exposure to positive reasons for wearing a veil led to better predicted and imagined contact (Study 4). Practical and theoretical implications are discussed. “It’s really nice to see you face to face, Mr Straw,” this pleasant lady said to me in a broad Lancashire accent. “Thechancewouldbeaﬁnething,”Ithoughttomyself. a full
Design and applications of single-photon devices based on waveguides coupled to quantum emitters

Engineering photon-photon interactions is fundamentally challenging because photons in vacuum do not interact with each other. While their interactions can be mediated using optical nonlinearities, these effects are negligible for individual photons. This thesis explores two topics related to optical nonlinearities in waveguides. In the first part, we perform a numerical simulation study of hollow core antiresonant reflecting optical waveguides (ARROWs) fabricated using standard lithographic techniques in the context of their suitability as a platform for on-chip photonic quantum information processing. We investigate the effects of the core size, the number of pairs of antiresonant layers surrounding the hollow core, and the refractive index contrast between cladding materials on propagation losses in the waveguide. Additionally, we explore the feasibility of integrating these waveguides with Bragg gratings and dielectric metasurface mirrors to form on-chip cavities, that when loaded with atomic ensembles could act as nonlinear optical devices controllable with single photons. The second part of this thesis studies the application of a 3 level quantum emitter coupled to a directional optical waveguide to deterministically subtract a single photon from a propagating optical pulse. Subtracting a single photon from a light state is one of the most fundamental operations with important applications in quantum information processing. However, current methods to subtract a photon such as using a low reflectivity beam splitter suffer from inherently low success probabilities as well as a strong dependence on the number of photons in the input. We explore implementing this single photon subtraction operation in our proposed system when the optical input is a continuous wave coherent state, coherent pulsed state containing a finite number of photons, or a Fock state.
Software Reliability Apportionment using Fuzzy Logic

Objectives: This paper presents software reliability apportionment using fuzzy logic. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The proposed methodology attempts to allocate target reliability to its modules. For calculation of reliability, the first step is to aggregate the opinion of all team members of ith module. Second step is to calculate proportionality factor of the software system. Defuzzify the Fuzzy Proportionality Factor by using defuzzification formula. After obtaining crisp values, we have to calculate weightage of each module. Based on weightage, reliability of each module is calculated. Findings: Operational Profile is one of the main parameters for making effective testing and improved reliability by testing most used functions in first phase and lesser used function in next phase. Comparing with the previous result, reliability has been improved. Application/Improvements: It helps to allocate reliability to all modules before the actual system is built. Also it considers Operational Profile as a parameter in proportionality factor, which helps to allocate reliability to most used modules, therefore making reliability apportionment beneficial for every module.
Magnons in disordered nonstoichiometric low-dimensional magnets

Paweł Buczek,1,2 Leonid M. Sandratskii,1 Nadine Buczek,1 Stefan Thomas,1,* Giovanni Vignale,2 and Arthur Ernst1 1Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, 223 Physics Building, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA (Received 1 March 2016; revised manuscript received 5 July 2016; published 2 August 2016)
CONVENTIONAL AND UNCONVENTIONAL APPROACHES TO EXCHANGE RATE MODELLING AND ASSESSMENT

We examine the relative predictive power of the sticky price monetary model, uncovered interest parity, and a transformation of net exports and net foreign assets. In addition to bringing Gourinchas and Rey’s new approach and more recent data to bear, we implement the Clark–West procedure for testing the significance of out-of-sample forecasts. The interest rate parity relation holds better at long horizons and the net exports variable does well in predicting exchange rates at short horizons in sample. In out-of-sample forecasts, we find evidence that our proxy for Gourinchas and Rey’s measure of external imbalances outperforms a random walk at short horizons as do some of the other models, although no single model uniformly beats the random walk forecast. Copyright # 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Probing Arabidopsis Chloroplast Diacylglycerol Pools by Selectively Targeting Bacterial Diacylglycerol Kinase to Suborganellar Membranes1[C][W][OPEN]

Specific targeting of bacterial diacylglycerol kinase within the chloroplast determines whether or not it impairs the growth of Arabidopsis. Diacylglycerol (DAG) is an intermediate in metabolism of both triacylglycerols and membrane lipids. Probing the steady-state pools of DAG and understanding how they contribute to the synthesis of different lipids is important when designing plants with altered lipid metabolism. However, traditional methods of assaying DAG pools are difficult, because its abundance is low and because fractionation of subcellular membranes affects DAG pools. To manipulate and probe DAG pools in an in vivo context, we generated multiple stable transgenic lines of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that target an Escherichia coli DAG kinase (DAGK) to each leaflet of each chloroplast envelope membrane. E. coli DAGK is small, self inserts into membranes, and has catalytic activity on only one side of each membrane. By comparing whole-tissue lipid profiles between our lines, we show that each line has an individual pattern of DAG, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylcholine, and triacylglycerol steady-state levels, which supports an individual function of DAG in each membrane leaflet. Furthermore, conversion of DAG in the leaflets facing the chloroplast intermembrane space by DAGK impairs plant growth. As a result of DAGK presence in the outer leaflet of the outer envelope membrane, phosphatidic acid accumulation is not observed, likely because it is either converted into other lipids or removed to other membranes. Finally, we use the outer envelope-targeted DAGK line as a tool to probe the accessibility of DAG generated in response to osmotic stress.
Conserved transcriptional programming across sex and species after peripheral nerve injury predicts treatments for neuropathic pain

Chronic pain is a devastating problem affecting one in five individuals around the globe, with neuropathic pain the most debilitating and poorly treated type of chronic pain. Advances in transcriptomics have contributed to cataloguing diverse cellular pathways and transcriptomic alterations in response to peripheral nerve injury but have focused on phenomenology and classifying transcriptomic responses.
Voter Involvement, Fiscal Autonomy and Public Sector Efficiency: Evidence from German Municipalities

Social and/or political involvement within the population is often argued to enhance public sector performance. The underlying idea is that engagement fosters political awareness and interest and increases the public’s monitoring ability. Still, weak fiscal autonomy can undermine voters’ interest in and demand for an efficient production of public services. In our contribution, we test whether and how voter involvement in the political sphere is related to government performance – in terms of its efficiency – using a broad panel of German municipalities. Our results suggest that voter involvement indeed has a positive impact on cost efficiency. Crucially, however, this efficiency-enhancing effect of voter involvement is significantly positively affected by local governments’ fiscal autonomy.