Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metal-on-metal bearings and hypersensitivity in patients with artificial hip joints. A clinical and histomorphological study.

BACKGROUND Some patients who have a total hip replacement with a second-generation metal-on-metal articulation have persistent or early recurrence of preoperative symptoms. Characteristic histological changes in the periprosthetic tissues suggested the development of an immunological response. Therefore, in order to determine the relevance of these symptoms, we performed a study of the clinical data and periprosthetic tissues associated with endoprostheses with a metal-on metal articulation that had been retrieved at revision. METHODS Periprosthetic tissues as well as the clinical data on the patients were obtained from the first nineteen consecutive revisions performed at the treating hospitals. At the time of the revision, fourteen patients had the metal-on-metal articulation exchanged for either an alumina-ceramic or a metal-on-polyethylene articulation. Five patients received another second-generation metal-on-metal total joint replacement. Five-micrometer sections were prepared from the tissue samples, were stained with routine and immunohistochemical methods, and were examined histologically. Histological specimens from three groups of patients, two of which were treated with non-metal-on-metal implants, served as controls. RESULTS The majority of patients had persistence of their preoperative pain or early recurrence of the pain after the original total hip replacement, and often a pronounced hip joint effusion had developed after the original replacement. Radiographic follow-up showed the development of radiolucent lines in five hips and of osteolysis in another seven hips. At the revision surgery, both the cup and the stem were found to be well fixed in nine patients. The characteristic histological features were diffuse and perivascular infiltrates of T and B lymphocytes and plasma cells, high endothelial venules, massive fibrin exudation, accumulation of macrophages with droplike inclusions, and infiltrates of eosinophilic granulocytes and necrosis. Only a few metal particles were detected. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the cellular reaction was still active. The patients who received another second-generation metal-on-metal articulation at the time of the revision had no decrease in symptoms. In the control group of tissues obtained at revisions of endoprostheses without cobalt, chromium, or nickel articulations, there were no similar signs of immune reactions. CONCLUSIONS These histological findings support the possibility of a lymphocyte-dominated immunological response. Although the prevalence of this reaction is low, the persistence or early reappearance of symptoms, including a marked joint effusion and the development of osteolysis, after primary implantation may suggest the possibility of such a reaction.
High expression of nitric oxide synthases is a favorable prognostic sign in non‐small cell lung carcinoma

Immunohistochemical expression of neuronal (n), endothelial (e), and inducible (i) NOS and their association with the type, grade, apoptotic index, proliferation of tumors and the survival of patients were investigated in 89 biopsies of non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). In tumor cells, expression of iNOS was detected in 35/89 (40%) cases, while 79/89 (89%) and 72/89 (81%) cases showed weak to intense positivity for eNOS and nNOS, respectively. Strong eNOS staining was seen significantly more often in adenocarcinomas than in squamous cells carcinomas (p=0.016), and iNOS immunoreactivity was seen more often in grade I‐II tumors than in grade III tumors (p=0.024). There was no significant difference between the low and high apoptotic indexes or between the low and high proliferation rates of tumors in any instance of NOS staining. The patients with tumors showing high nNOS expression tended to have better survival than the others (p=0.06, log‐rank; p=0.04, Bresow; p=0.048, Tarone‐Ware). Similarly, the patients with tumors showing high expression of iNOS, eNOS and nNOS, as determined by a combined sum index, had a better survival than those with a low sum index for these enzymes (p<0.05). The results show intense expression of eNOS and nNOS, and moderate expression of iNOS in tumor cells of non‐small cell carcinoma. Intense NOSs expression seems to be a favorable prognostic sign in non‐small cell lung carcinoma.
The decline of infrastructure and the federal government response

This study focuses on the role of the federal government in infrastructure planning and finance. Four major arguments for federal infrastructure engagement policy are advanced: (1) equalization of intergovernmental and interregional imbalances, (2) response to tax-base changes, (3) response to recession, (4) revenue dependency of the state and local governments. The conclusion is that, due to the magnitude of expenditure requirements for upgrading and maintaining public-works facilities in the United States, neither state and local governments nor the private sector can effectively solve the current infrastructure problems. The federal government will have to assume a vital role in equalizing interregional disparaties, stabilizing tax-base changes, and reducing the effects of inflation and recession on the construction, rehabilitation, and maintenance of capital stock. Finally, the federal government, with the collaboration of the lower-level governments and the private sector, will gradually have to design and implement a national infrastructure capital plan.
Advanced power window motor using permanent Magnet DC motor

In this power window application we are using PMDC Motor to lift the car window glass up and down by increasing speed and decrease the time as per the customer requirements. Power window is a semi-automatic windows which can be raised and lowered by pressing a button switch, as opposed to using a hand-turned crank handle. Here we are using PMDC Motor to raise the window glass up and down in easy way with acceptable noise. For a desired speed and torque requirement it is suitable to use dc shunt motor for the application of window lift. It is very easy to operate manually. As per the Paper we are going to design a PMDC Motor. It is a brush DC Motor provides precision control of speed driven by Direct Current. As per the name implies, these contains permanent Magnets, which eliminate the need for external field current. This design yields a smaller, lighter, energy efficient brush DC Motor and is the types of DC Motor. The brush DC Motor is particularly a favorite in automotive industry because of its simplicity and affordability. Many automotive manufactures use them for power windows, seats etc.
Can Cryptography Secure Next Generation Air Traffic Surveillance?

The proposed next-generation air traffic control system depends crucially on a surveillance technology called ADS-B. By 2020, nearly all aircraft flying through U.S. airspace must carry ADS-B transponders to continuously transmit their precise real-time location and velocity to ground-based air traffic control and to other en route aircraft. Surprisingly, the ADS-B protocol has no built-in security mechanisms, which renders ADS-B systems vulnerable to a wide range of malicious attacks. Herein, we address the question “can cryptography secure ADS-B? ”— in other words, is there a practical and effective cryptographic solution that can be retrofit to the existing ADS-B system and enhance the security of this critical aviation technology?
Perinatal transmission of hepatitis C virus infection

In industrialized countries, hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in children. Perinatal transmission is the leading cause of infection. Perinatal transmission is confined almost always to women with detectable HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the peripheral blood by the polymerase chain reaction but all children born to women with anti‐HCV antibodies should be tested for HCV. Some but not all studies found that a high concentration of serum HCV RNA is associated with a higher risk of transmission. Maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cell infection by HCV, membrane rupture of longer than 6 hr before delivery, and procedures exposing the infant to maternal blood infected with HCV during vaginal delivery are associated with an increased risk of transmission. Maternal coinfection with HCV and human immunodeficiency virus, maternal history of intravenous drug use and of HCV infection of the sexual partner of the mother predict the risk of perinatal transmission and are dependent on the peripheral blood mononuclear cell infection by HCV. Delivery by Cesarean section is not recommended in pregnant women infected with HCV. Infected mothers can breast feed safely their infants if the nipples are not damaged. A previous delivery of a child infected perinatally with HCV does not increase the risk of transmission in subsequent pregnancies. Immunogenetic factors and HCV genotypes are not related to HCV perinatal transmission. Despite an increased understanding of the risk factors involved in perinatal transmission of HCV, to date little is known about the transmission mechanisms and timing. J. Med. Virol. 81:836–843, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Restoration of Mga Function to aStreptococcus pyogenes Strain (M Type 50) That Is Virulent in Mice

ABSTRACT The Mga protein in B514Sm, a Streptococcus pyogenesstrain isolated as a mouse pathogen, contains amino acid substitutions at conserved sites that render the protein defective. Replacement ofmga50 with the functional homolog mga4.1restored full expression of Mga-regulated proteins. Restoration of Mga function did not affect fibrinogen binding, nor did it affect virulence in several mouse models of group A streptococcus infection.
Just the Two of Us: Those Who Co-Teach, Co-Learn

Teaching librarians are always seeking opportunities to improve their professional practice. Traditional forms of professional and personal development—attending workshops and conferences and reading the scholarly and practitioner literature—are valuable and useful, but often ignore the powerful personal connections we have between colleagues. Using a narrative approach, this article will provide two teacher librarians’ stories about their experiences with team teaching as a method of professional development. Turning the traditional mentorship model on its head, each librarian contributed equally to the relationship and took the risk of being vulnerable in order to learn from one another. A newer librarian, looking to expand her teaching toolkit, become acculturated to her new institution, and develop her teacher identity, taught alongside an experienced librarian looking for new teaching techniques, a way to prevent “burnout,” and a more intentional and reflective approach to teaching. In addition, the authors will discuss the theoretical underpinnings of the benefits of team teaching and will provide recommendations for others through an account of how they planned, managed the classroom, and assessed student work.
Respiratory diseases in minorities of the United States.

For two decades, the State of the Art series has provided comprehensive reviews of important topics in respiratory and critical care medicine. These articles have served as reference documents not only to pulmonologists, but also to the general medical community. The length of States of the Art necessary to adequately review broad topics in-depth have required that the articles often are published in sections in successive issues of the journal. The present State of the Art summarizes and interprets the available data concerning the respiratory health of minority populations in our country. This important topic has not received appropriate attention in the past, perhaps due to the lack of available data and a failure to appreciate the diversity of respiratory health in different segments of the population. Because of its importance, this State of the Art is published in toto in a separate binding so that it will be a convenient reference document that presents current information in a single source.
Are We Teaching Outside the Box? A National Survey on Teaching the Minimum Wage in Undergraduate Economics Classes

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to study how professors in the US teach about the minimum wage. Results of a survey suggest that almost all instructors cover the topic of minimum wage in their introductory courses and tend to cover this topic in a similar manner to how it is covered in introductory textbooks: by focusing on the employment effects of the minimum wage in the neoclassical model. In addition, instructors have relatively conservative views about the minimum wage effect and tend to agree that the minimum wage negatively impacts low-skilled workers. Finally, there seems to be a small “liberal bias” where instructors who are in favor of the minimum wage are less likely to teach the standard labor supply-demand model, and a larger “conservative bias” where instructors who tend to believe in the negative impact of a minimum wage are less likely to discuss the assumption of monopsony in the labor market.
Effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and (R)-methanandamide on open-field behavior in rats.

This study compared the effects of (R)-methanandamide, an analog of the mammalian brain constituent anandamide, and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the open-field behavior of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were individually housed with free access to food and water. Animals were treated with 0, 1, 3, and 5.6 mg/kg delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol given i.p. 30 min pre-session; and 0, 3, 10, and 18 mg/kg (R)-methanandamide, 15 min pre-session. The behavioral categories recorded were ambulation (the number of squares crossed), rearing (the number of times the rat stood erect on its hind-legs), latency (the time in seconds to leave the starting area, the circle in the center of the field), circling (the number of times the animal turned around its vertical axis, 0.5 point given for each 180 degrees turn), grooming (the number of cleaning bouts), urination and defecation (the number of urination spots and fecal boli deposited during the 5 min observation period). Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol was more potent than (R)-methanandamide, but otherwise the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and (R)-methanandamide were similar, with one exception; whereas delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol produced dose-related increases in circling, (R)-methanandamide did not increase circling over the doses examined. The delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced increase in circling was blocked by the central cannabinoid receptor CB1 antagonist SR 141716. The differential effects with regard to circling may indicate that there are qualitative behavioral differences in the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and (R)-methanandamide.
Participation of periodontal ligament cells with regeneration of alveolar bone.

BACKGROUND It is important to clarify the participation of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in the regeneration of alveolar bone to establish a reliable approach for obtaining periodontal regeneration. The aim of this study was to determine whether PDL cells play an important role in alveolar bone repair during the course of periodontal regeneration. METHODS In an in vitro study, the expression of the osteoblast phenotype, such as alkaline phosphatase activity and parathyroid hormone-dependent 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate accumulation, was investigated in dog PDL cells (DPLC) and dog bone cells isolated from mandibles (DBC). In a related study, the roots of mandibular third premolars extracted from aged dogs were divided into a PDL(+) group, in which the PDL was preserved, and a PDL(-) group, in which the PDL was removed. These roots were respectively transplanted into surgically created bone cavities with buccal and interproximal bone defects in an edentulous area, prepared in advance by extraction of mandibular fourth premolars. These bone defects with the transplanted roots were completely covered with submerged physical barrier membranes. New bone formation and new connective tissue attachment, which require new cementum and insertion of functionally oriented new collagen fibers of periodontal ligament, were histomorphometrically assessed, and were compared between the PDL(+) and PDL(-) groups 6 weeks after transplantation. RESULTS Both cultured DPLC and DBC exhibited the osteoblast phenotype. New connective tissue attachment was observed only in the PDL(+) group. However, alveolar bone was almost completely regenerated to the original bone height in both the PDL(+) and PDL(-) groups, and the amount of newly formed bone was not significantly different between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS DPLC retain the capability to differentiate into an osteoblast lineage and may act in the regeneration of periodontal ligament with new cementum formation, whereas these cells may have a limited influence on alveolar bone formation during the course of periodontal regeneration.
Perception des voyelles nasales du français québécois : aspects acoustiques et perceptifs

v Table des matières . vii Liste des tableaux . xi Liste des figures . xv Remerciements . xix Introduction et problématique . 1 Chapitre 1. État de la question et cadre théorique . 5 1.1 État de la question . 5 1.1.1 Production et perception des voyelles nasales . 5 1.1.2 Caractéristiques des voyelles nasales en français . 7 1.1. 3 Caractéristiques des voyelles nasales en portugais brésilien . 10 1.1. 4 Les voyelles (nasales) en langue seconde ou étrangère . 11 1.2 Cadre théorique . 13 1.2. 1 Effet des aimants perceptifs et Native Language Magnet Model . 13 1.2. 2 Cadre interprétatif . 16 1.2. 3 Objectifs de la recherche . 17 Chapitre 2. Méthodologie . 19
Exercise as medicine – evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in 26 different chronic diseases

This review provides the reader with the up‐to‐date evidence‐based basis for prescribing exercise as medicine in the treatment of 26 different diseases: psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, stress, schizophrenia); neurological diseases (dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis); metabolic diseases (obesity, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovarian syndrome, type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes); cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, cerebral apoplexy, and claudication intermittent); pulmonary diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis); musculo‐skeletal disorders (osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, back pain, rheumatoid arthritis); and cancer. The effect of exercise therapy on disease pathogenesis and symptoms are given and the possible mechanisms of action are discussed. We have interpreted the scientific literature and for each disease, we provide the reader with our best advice regarding the optimal type and dose for prescription of exercise.
Effect of Sublethal CO2 Laser Irradiation on Gene Expression of Streptococcus mutans Immobilized in a Biofilm

Streptococcus mutans colonizing on tooth surfaces is one of the major causative agents of human dental caries. Despite numerous studies conducted on lasers and oral tissue interactions, little is known about the effect of laser energy on S. mutans gene expression in a biofilm form. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sublethal energies of CO2 laser on biofilm and gene expression of the oral bacteria S. mutans immobilized in biofilm. S. mutans biofilm was irradiated with CO2 laser. Vitality and construction of the biofilm were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of laser irradiation on gene expression was evaluated by DNA microarray. CO2 laser irradiation had a dose effect on the viability of S. mutans immobilized in biofilm. A nonsignificant lethal effect was observed at 31 J/cm2 while at higher energy of 70 and 144 J/cm2 an antibacterial effect was recorded. The mode of antibacterial action seems to be from the inner layers toward the outer layer of the biofilm, indicating the influence of the surface on the killing effect. At 31 J/cm2, microarray analysis indicated a moderate effect on S. mutans gene expression due to CO2 laser irradiation, mainly down-regulating genes related to bacterial stress response. In conclusion, laser irradiation at sublethal energy had an effect on gene expression of S. mutans.
Workplace Productivity and Bonus Preferences: Why Do Men with Low Productivity Prefer Individual Pay?

This paper examines the relationship between workers' productivity and preferred bonus scheme. The data are from a company where agents work in teams and receive a bonus that depends on individual and team performance. Standard agency theory predicts that workers with productivity below the team average prefer a team bonus, while high-productivity agents prefer an individual bonus. Risk aversion may temper the taste for individual pay. This model predicts the observed relationship between productivity and bonus preferences very well. There is, however, one pattern that it cannot explain: many low performers—especially men—prefer individual bonuses.
Economic Dispatch with Environmental Considerations Using Marginal Rate of Substitution Decision Approach

In this paper, a new decision approach is proposed for the incorporation of the carbon dioxide emission constraints in the solution of the unit commitment (UC) problem. An efficient particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used for generating the fuel cost versus emission tradeoff function for Carbon Dioxide emission; the marginal rate of substitution (MRS) is then calculated to help the managers more rationally determine the final optimal compromise decision for UC dispatch under the controlled-emission allowance. The proposed PSO/MRS approach has been successfully tested on the IEEE 30-bus system dealing with the cost-emission economic dispatch problem. Furthermore, MRS for a particular pollutant can be used for emissions allowance trading.
HS‐SPME‐GC‐FID method for detection and quantification of Bacillus cereus ATCC 10702 mediated 2‐acetyl‐1‐pyrroline

A rapid micro‐scale solid‐phase micro‐extraction (SPME) procedure coupled with gas‐chromatography with flame ionized detector (GC‐FID) was used to extract parts per billion levels of a principle basmati aroma compound “2‐acetyl‐1‐pyrroline” (2‐AP) from bacterial samples. In present investigation, optimization parameters of bacterial incubation period, sample weight, pre‐incubation time, adsorption time, and temperature, precursors and their concentrations has been studied. In the optimized conditions, detection of 2‐AP produced by Bacillus cereus ATCC10702 using only 0.5 g of sample volume was 85 μg/kg. Along with 2‐AP, 15 other compounds produced by B. cereus were also reported out of which 14 were reported for the first time consisting mainly of (E)−2‐hexenal, pentadecanal, 4‐hydroxy‐2‐butanone, n‐hexanal, 2–6‐nonadienal, 3‐methoxy‐2(5H) furanone and 2‐acetyl‐1‐pyridine and octanal. High recovery of 2‐AP (87 %) from very less amount of B. cereus samples was observed. The method is reproducible fast and can be used for detection of 2‐AP production by B. cereus. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 30:1356–1363, 2014
Exploiting Appliance State Constraints to Improve Appliance State Detection

This work deals with non-intrusive load monitoring using a single inexpensive device at the mains. We argue that very low sampling rates (of 1 Hz) may suffice. This enables significant compression and cheaper end-devices. There are challenges when operating at such low sampling rates, of course. To achieve good appliance inference performance we propose improved event detection, feature extraction, and inference algorithms. The inference algorithm exploits state transition constraints and proposes the use of a maximum likelihood sequence detection for improved performance.