Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patients With Diabetic Foot Disease Fear Major Lower-Extremity Amputation More Than Death

Background. The aim of this study was to identify the most-feared complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), comparing those with diabetic foot pathology with those without diabetic foot pathology. Methods. We determined the frequency of patients ranking major lower-extremity amputation (LEA) as their greatest fear in comparison to blindness, death, diabetic foot infection (DFI), or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis. We further categorized the study group patients (N = 207) by their pathology such as diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), Charcot neuroarthropathy, foot infection, or acute neuropathic fractures and dislocations. The control group (N = 254) was comprised of patients with diabetes who presented with common non–diabetes-related foot pathology. Results. A total of 461 patients were enrolled in this study and included 254 patients without diabetic foot complications and 207 patients with diabetic foot problems. When comparing patients with and without diabetic disease, no significant differences were observed with regard to their fear of blindness, DFI, or ESRD requiring dialysis. Patients with diabetic foot disease (61 of 207, 31.9%) were 136% more likely (odds ratio [OR] = 2.36; 95% CI = 1.51-3.70; P = .002] to rank major LEA as their greatest fear when compared with diabetic patients without foot disease (42 of 254, 16.5%) and were 49% less likely (OR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.34-0.79; P = .002) to rank death as their greatest fear compared with patients without diabetic foot disease. Conclusion. Patients with diabetic foot pathology fear major LEA more than death, foot infection, or ESRD. Variables that were associated with ranking LEA as the greatest fear were the presence of a diabetic-related foot complication, duration of DM ≥10 years, insulin use, and the presence of peripheral neuropathy. Levels of Evidence: Level II: Prospective, Case controlled study
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Three Mentha Species Essential Oils

Mentha aquatica Mentha longifolia Mentha piperita Esherichia coli M. piperita Shigella sonei Micrococcus flavus M. piperita M. longifolia M. aquatica M. piperita Trichophyton tonsurans Candida albicans M. piperita M. piperita M. longifolia M. piperita M. aquatica
The Institutional Environment for U . S . Economic Innovation

The institutional environment allows innovators and entrepreneurs to take calculated economic risks. In the U.S, innovation originates from education and research, while competition is made possible by a cluster of laws and financial regulatory institutions. Creative education, innovative research, legal institutions and financial regulations function together to enable a highly dynamic and innovative economy. We first give a brief introduction of the relationship between innovation, entrepreneurship and institutions. We examine the entrepreneurial environment, including barriers to entry, to growth and to failure. Next, we discuss educational institutions that nurture innovation and entrepreneurship. Education innovation (collaborative knowledge building, flexibility, improvisation and action-learning) and innovative research (government funding for R&D, the tenure system and technology transfer) play an important role in encouraging entrepreneurship. Third, we discuss the legal environment for the U.S innovation system, including patent law, an independent judiciary and contract enforcement, financial regulation and antitrust law. Finally, we review related research on national innovation systems and draw a comparison observing the differences between Chinese and U.S. institutions related to innovation and entrepreneurship.
Altered Resting-State Functional Connectivity of Striatal-Thalamic Circuit in Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is characterized by internally affective fluctuations. The abnormality of inherently mental state can be assessed using resting-state fMRI data without producing task-induced biases. In this study, we hypothesized that the resting-state connectivity related to the frontal, striatal, and thalamic regions, which were associated with mood regulations and cognitive functions, can be altered for bipolar disorder. We used the Pearson's correlation coefficients to estimate functional connectivity followed by the hierarchical modular analysis to categorize the resting-state functional regions of interest (ROIs). The selected functional connectivities associated with the striatal-thalamic circuit and default mode network (DMN) were compared between bipolar patients and healthy controls. Significantly decreased connectivity in the striatal-thalamic circuit and between the striatal regions and the middle and posterior cingulate cortex was observed in the bipolar patients. We also observed that the bipolar patients exhibited significantly increased connectivity between the thalamic regions and the parahippocampus. No significant changes of connectivity related to the frontal regions in the DMN were observed. The changed resting-state connectivity related to the striatal-thalamic circuit might be an inherent basis for the altered emotional and cognitive processing in the bipolar patients.
Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Lavandula stoechas aqueous extracts

Lavandula genus is an important member of Labiatae (Lamiaceae) family. People use commonly Lavandula stoechas as a medicinal plant for various diseases around the world and also in Turkey. The aim of this study was to investigate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of aqueous extracts (40, 80 and 120 g/L) from L. stoechas flowers on Allium cepa root tip meristem cells. For this purpose, A. cepa onion bulbs were treated with the above-mentioned L. stoechas flower extracts for 72 h. Spring water (pH 7.3) was used as a control. The result of this study sowed that aqueous extracts reduced mitotic index, but induced chromosome aberrations and mitotic aberrations in comparison with control, significantly (p < 0.05). Aqueous extracts induced breaks, stickiness, pole deviations and micronuclei. Furthermore, these effects were related to extract concentrations. These results showed that L. stoechas aqueous extracts have cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.
Are we ready for online tools in decision making for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers?

mutationcarriersregard-ingwhenandwhethertoundergoriskreducingbreastandorovariansurgeryiscomplexandinvolvesnotonlythedesiretostayalivelonger,but to avoid the diagnosis of breast and ovarian cancer itself. Theseconsiderationsarebalancedagainstthedesireformostwomentohavechildren,whichinmodernwesternsocietyisoftenatalaterage,aswellas the impact of bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) in causingearly menopause with its attendant symptoms, increase in heart dis-easeandosteoporosisrisk,andforsomewomenalossofsexualityandgender identity.
High-quality multi-view depth generation using multiple color and depth cameras

In this paper, we propose a high-quality multi-view depth generation method using multiple color and depth cameras. After we capture low-resolution depth maps by three TOF cameras, the depth information is warped into color image positions and used as the initial disparity value. By applying the stereo matching using belief propagation with the initial disparity information, we have obtained more accurate and stable multi-view disparity maps, compared to those results without the initial disparity information.
L’influence de produits innovants sur l’émotion des utilisateurs : une approche multi-componentielle

Etant donne l’investissement economique que represente le developpement de produits innovants ainsi que leur faible taux de succes aupres du grand public, anticiper ce succes est devenu essentiel pour les industriels. Par consequent, un cadre d’analyse centre sur l’experience utilisateur met en avant l’emotion des individus comme critere determinant pour predire l’utilisation future d’un produit. Neanmoins, malgre les avantages des modeles issus de ce cadre d’analyse, ils apparaissent egalement comme etant limites du point de vue des predictions qu’ils permettent de realiser. Parallelement, d’autres modeles issus de la theorie des intentions ont cherche a identifier les predicteurs de l’intention comportementale des individus a utiliser pour la premiere fois ces produits ou bien ceux de l’intention comportementale des individus a les utiliser de nouveau. Ces modeles, comme le Technology Acceptance Model, l’Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology et le Consumer Acceptance of Technology, mettent en lien les attitudes envers les caracteristiques des produits et ces intentions d’utilisation. Cependant, ils posent egalement quelques problemes vis-a-vis de leurs manieres de prendre en compte l’emotion des individus.Pour repondre a la problematique de l’etude de l’emotion suscitee par des produits, nous proposons d’adopter le Component Process Model. Selon ce modele l’emotion est le resultat de modifications internes et externes qui peuvent etre regroupees en cinq composantes : la composante cognitive, la composante motivationnelle, la composante subjective, la composante expressive et la composante physiologique. Nous proposons d’utiliser ce modele pour etudier specifiquement l’influence de l’innovation des produits sur les emotions. Ainsi dans nos Etudes 1 et 2, nous monterons d’une part qu’il est possible d’analyser l’emotion suscitee par des produits avant meme leur utilisation d’apres trois des cinq composantes et d’autre part que ces emotions ne sont pas influencees par des caracteristiques propres aux individus. Ensuite dans nos Etudes 3 et 4, nous testerons experimentalement ces composantes en comparant les emotions suscitees par les toutes premieres utilisations de produits dits « innovants » avec l’utilisation de produits dits « communs ». Les resultats de ces etudes confirmeront l’interet qu’a l’utilisation du Component Process Model dans l’etude des emotions suscitees par des produits et plus particulierement par des produits innovants.
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF VACCINES AND THEIR SELECTION FOR NEXT GENERATION

The goal of advancement in vaccine formulation is to generate a strong immune response to the administered antigens. To achieve this objective with vaccines based on insufficiently immunogenic antigens, adjuvant and other formulation materials are alternatives. Vaccines contain various types of additives, excipients, antigen and adjuvants which in combination provide maximum protection against various types of infectious diseases. Vaccine contains various types of lives or killed viruses, inactivated bacterial toxin and polysaccharides. Selection of excipients and adjuvants is a serious task having an implication towards safety, stability and storage of vaccine. Preservatives are used in vaccines to prevent microbial growth. Stabilizers are required in vaccine formulation to keep the vaccine homogenous and stop the components separating. Surfactants or emulsifiers are very important to alter the surface tension of a liquid. Animal products are commonly used in formulation of vaccines and are necessary for growing the vaccine pathogens. Moreover, new vaccine modalities such as DNA vaccines and multiple vaccines are currently being explored for future scope. Novel delivery technologies will be essential component for next generation vaccines.
Pilotage de la performance : Quelle modélisation par activités et processus ? Analyse de la convergence entre la Qualité et le Contrôle de Gestion

La litterature de gestion montre que le pilotage de la performance peut prendre la forme d’un « dialogue de gestion ». La these analyse les modalites et les conditions de possibilite d’un dialogue entre une « demarche qualite » et une « demarche de gestion des couts ». La these est fondee sur une demarche d’etudes de cas et de recherche-intervention, au sein de deux organisations tres contrastees dans la conduite du dialogue de gestion entre les deux demarches. Ce travail s’appuie sur un materiau empirique riche, rassemble pour mener une demonstration logique, basee sur une grille d’analyse construite a partir du cadre theorique des outils de gestion et de pilotage de la performance. L’originalite de la these reside dans la combinaison d’une approche « instrumentale » et d’une approche « pragmatique » (Lorino, 2001) des outils de gestion a travers lesquels se fait le dialogue. La premiere s’interesse aux « parametres de conception » (Mevellec, 2003) des outils etudies ; la deuxieme aux activites des acteurs, leurs perceptions, interpretations et exploitation des outils. La these mobilise egalement la theorie des outils de gestion (Hatchuel et Weil, 1992) et les theories de l’appropriation des outils de gestion (Grimand, 2012), pour construire notre cadre d’analyse. La these propose plusieurs resultats en reponse a deux points encore peu etudies dans la litterature existante : 1) l’operationnalisation « systemique » du concept d’outil de gestion : qui consiste a prendre en compte simultanement les parametres techniques, pragmatiques et conceptuels des outils ; 2) la « formalisation » du dialogue de gestion. La these montre qu’elle passe par la mobilisation et la construction d’un meta modele qui se decline dans les deux demarches. Le dialogue de gestion requiert d’abord un travail sur la coherence interne a chaque outil engage dans l’echange. Il requiert ensuite un travail sur l’integration des deux outils (en s’assurant que les deux partagent les memes definitions des facteurs communs et respectent les specificites des deux parties du dialogue). Il requiert enfin un accompagnement managerial qui passe par l’implication de la Direction dans ce dialogue. La these ouvre des perspectives de recherche concernant une meilleure articulation entre le management strategique et le pilotage operationnel permise par le meta modele.
PENGARUH TEKANAN EKONOMI KELUARGA, DUKUNGAN SOSIAL, KUALITAS PERKAWINAN, PENGASUHAN, DAN KECERDASAN EMOSI ANAK TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR ANAK (The Influence of Economic Pressure, Social Support , Marital Quality, Parenting, and Child's Emotional Quotient on Child's Academic Achievement)

The general objective of the study are to analyze correlation between all research variables, analyze the influence economic pressure on marital quality and parenting quality; and analyze the influence marital quality, parenting quality, and child's emotional quotient on child's academic achievement. Sampling unit is junior high school students and random sampling was used. The data were collected from April to June 2003 through interviewing the students and their mother. Economic pressure, social support, marital quality, parenting style, and emotional quotient were scored and categorized as high, moderate and low, while the academic performance is an average score from several subjects. By using Spearman's correlations, it shows that except on social support variable, there are high correlation between all research variables. The higher the level economic pressure the lower the level marital quality, parenting quality, child's emotional quotient, and child's academic achievement. By using regression analysis, it show that marital quality influenced by economic pressure and social support (R 2 =0.336); parenting quality influenced by economic pressure, social support and marital quality (R 2 =0.311); and child's academic achievement influenced by marital quality, parenting quality, and child's emotional quotient (R 2 =0.610).
Chess recognition from a single depth image

This paper presents a learning-based method for recognizing chess pieces from depth information. The proposed method is integrated in a recreational robotic system that is designed to play games of chess against humans. The robot has two arms and an Ensenso N35 Stereo 3D camera. Our goal is to provide the robot visual intelligence so that it can identify the chess pieces on the chessboard using the depth information captured by the 3D camera. We build a convolutional neural network to solve this 3D object recognition problem. While training neural networks for 3D object recognition becomes popular these days, collecting enough training data is still a time-consuming task. We demonstrate that it is much more convenient and effective to generate the required training data from 3D CAD models. The neural network trained using the rendered data performs well on real inputs during testing. More specifically, the experimental results show that using the training data rendered from the CAD models under various conditions enhances the recognition accuracy significantly. When further evaluations are done on real data captured by the 3D camera, our method achieves 90.3% accuracy.
Controlling Recurrent Neural Networks by Conceptors

The human brain is a dynamical system whose extremely complex sensor-driven neural processes give rise to conceptual, logical cognition. Understanding the interplay between nonlinear neural dynamics and concept-level cognition remains a major scientific challenge. Here I propose a mechanism of neurodynamical organization, called conceptors, which unites nonlinear dynamics with basic principles of conceptual abstraction and logic. It becomes possible to learn, store, abstract, focus, morph, generalize, de-noise and recognize a large number of dynamical patterns within a single neural system; novel patterns can be added without interfering with previously acquired ones; neural noise is automatically filtered. Conceptors help explaining how conceptual-level information processing emerges naturally and robustly in neural systems, and remove a number of roadblocks in the theory and applications of recurrent neural networks.
On Seeing a Picture for the First Time

The author examines scanty evidence available at the present about perceptionṡ of a person seeing a picture for the first time. He suggests that the phenomenon can probably be described satisfactorily in terms of hypothesis testing and that the responses evoked in populations living in relatively pictureless environments by simple pictures are probably of the same kind as those evoked in the more pictorially sophisticated groups by complex pictures.
The effects of particle size on reversible shear thickening of concentrated colloidal dispersions

The particle size dependence of the reversible shear thickening transition in dense colloidal suspensions is explored. Five suspensions of monodisperse silica are synthesized via the Stober synthesis. The physicochemical properties of the dispersions are quantified using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, small angle light scattering, electrophoresis, and viscometry. Rheology measurements indicate a critical stress marking the onset of reversible shear thickening that depends on the dispersion’s particle size, concentration, polydispersity, and interparticle interactions. A simplified two particle force balance between the interparticle repulsive forces and the hydrodynamic compressive forces is used to derive a scaling relationship between this critical shear stress and the suspension properties. The scaling is tested against the fully characterized silica dispersions, which span nearly a decade in particle size. Furthermore, bimodal mixtures of the dispersions are employed to ev.
A Host-Specific, Temperature-Sensitive Translation Defect Determines the Attenuation Phenotype of a Human Rhinovirus/Poliovirus Chimera, PV1(RIPO)

ABSTRACT By using a rhinosvirus/poliovirus type 1 chimera, PV1(RIPO), with the cognate internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of human rhinovirus type 2 (HRV2), we set out to shed light on the mechanism by which this variant expresses its attenuated phenotype in poliovirus-sensitive, CD155 transgenic (tg) mice and cynomolgus monkeys. Here we report that replication of PV1(RIPO) is restricted not only in human cells of neuronal origin, as was reported previously, but also in cells of murine origin at physiological temperature. This block in replication was enhanced at 39.5°C but, remarkably, it was absent at 33°C. PV1(RIPO) variants that overcame the replication block were derived by serial passage under restrictive conditions in either mouse cells or human neuronal cells. All adapting mutations mapped to the 5′-nontranslated region of PV1(RIPO). Variants selected in mouse cells, but not in human neuronal cells, exhibited increased mouse neurovirulence in vivo. The observed strong mouse-specific defect of PV1(RIPO) at nonpermissive temperature correlated with the translational activity of the HRV2 IRES in this chimeric virus. These unexpected results must be kept in mind when poliovirus variants are tested in CD155 tg mice for their neurovirulent potential, particularly in assays of live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine lots. Virulence may be masked by adverse species-specific conditions in mouse cells that may not allow accurate prediction of neurovirulence in the human host. Thus, novel poliovirus variants in line for possible development of human vaccines must be tested in nonhuman primates.
A Signal-independent Algorithm for Information Extraction and Signal Annotation of Long-term Records

One of the biggest challenges when analysing data is to extract information from it. In this study, we present a signal-independent algorithm that detects events on biosignals and extracts information from them by applying a new parallel version of the k-means clustering algorithm. Events can be found using a peaks detection algorithm that uses the signal RMS as an adaptive threshold or by morphological analysis through the computation of the signalmeanwave . Different types of signals were acquired and annotated by the presented algorithm. By visual inspection, we obtained an accuracy of 97 . 7% and 97.5% using theL1 andL2 Minkowski distances, respectively, as distance functions and 97 . 6% using themeanwavedistance. The fact that this algorithm can be applied to long-term raw biosignals and without requiring any prior information about them makes it an important contribution in biosignals information extraction and annotation.
H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Monkey Brain

Isoflurane is a volatile anesthetic commonly used for animal studies. In particular, diffusion nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is frequently performed under isoflurane anesthesia. However, isoflurane is known to affect the phase transition of lipid bilayer, possibly resulting in increased permeability to metabolites. Resulting decreased restriction may affect metabolite apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). In the present work, the effect of isoflurane dose on metabolite ADC is evaluated using diffusion tensor spectroscopy in the monkey brain. For the five detected intracellular metabolites, the ADC exhibits a significant increase when isoflurane dose varies from 1% to 2%: 13%68% for myo-inositol, 14%613% for total N-acetyl-aspartate, 20%618% for glutamate, 27%67% for total creatine and 53%617% for total choline. Detailed analysis of ADC changes experienced by the five different metabolites argues in favor of facilitated metabolite exchange between subcellular structures at high isoflurane dose. This work strongly supports the idea of metabolite diffusion in vivo being significantly restricted in subcellular structures at long diffusion time, and provides new insights for interpreting ADC values as measured by diffusion NMR spectroscopy.