Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Security lock with DTMF polyphonic tone sensor

Home automation or known as smart home is a home which is equipped by a system for controlling and integrating electronic devices, such as lighting, home theater, CCTV (closed-circuit television), HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), motion sensor, security lock sensor for gates or doors, and etc. Its main purpose is to provide the improved simplicity, energy efficiency, higher security, and better feelings at home for the user benefits. Smart phone could be integrated as part of ring tone sensor for security door lock automation system. Therefore in this work, locking automation system using smart phone polyphonic tone sensor has been designed and implemented. A simple unlocking mechanism is explained as follows. The DTMF (Dual Tone Multi Frequency) module which has simply been programmed with Arduino was used to receive the polyphonic tone signal which is embedded in smart phone system. Then that signal will be processed by Arduino Uno, so the solenoid will automatically unlock the door. But, after three seconds delay, it will lock again (protection system). However, this system still has some drawbacks, such as low security system, short working-range of sensitivity, and limited amount of password digits. Moreover, those limitations could be improved/solved in the near future.
Individual adaptation: an adaptive MCMC scheme for variable selection problems

The increasing size of data sets has lead to variable selection in regression becoming increasingly important. Bayesian approaches are attractive since they allow uncertainty about the choice of variables to be formally included in the analysis. The application of fully Bayesian variable selection methods to large data sets is computationally challenging. We describe an adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo approach called Individual Adaptation which adjusts a general proposal to the data. We show that the algorithm is ergodic and discuss its use within parallel tempering and sequential Monte Carlo approaches. We illustrate the use of the method on two data sets including a gene expression analysis with 22 577 variables.
Associative-memory-recall-based control system for learning hovering manoeuvres

This study presents a robotic application of neural associative memory-based control system that imparts online learning and predictive control strategies to a cost-effective quadrotor helicopter, the Parrot AR.Drone 2.0. The control system is extended with to tackle a fundamental and challenging problem for the quadcoptor: hovering control. The proposed system is based on self-organizing incremental neural network that includes an associative memory algorithm. The algorithm can cope with a hierarchical data space and complex time-transition dynamics; it enables online incremental learning from manual control, thereby gradually improve the stability against interference such as drift caused by either mechanical impairment or external excitation. In particular, after continuously learning the associative state-command pair of hovering manoeuvre, the system can execute the command associated with current state. The proposed system is evaluated on a realistic AR.Drone quadcoptor to test its capacity to tackle the hovering control problem. The results demonstrate that for the first time, the proposed system effectively offers a novel approach to quadcoptor application of an associative memory-based neural network by successfully tackling a hover task through iterative on-line learning.
Adverse Outcomes of Interrupted Precordial Compression During Automated Defibrillation

Background—Current versions of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) require frequent stopping of chest compression for rhythm analyses and capacity charging. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of these interruptions during the operation of AEDs. Methods and Results—Ventricular fibrillation was electrically induced in 20 male domestic swine weighing between 37.5 and 43 kg that were untreated for 7 minutes before CPR was started. Defibrillation was attempted with up to 3 sequential 150-J biphasic shocks, but each was preceded by 3-, 10-, 15-, or 20-second interruptions of chest compression. The interruptions corresponded to those that were mandated by commercially marketed AEDs for rhythm analyses and capacitor charge. The sequence of up to 3 electrical shocks and delays were repeated at 1-minute intervals until the animals were successfully resuscitated or for a total of 15 minutes. Spontaneous circulation was restored in each of 5 animals in which precordial compression was delayed for 3 seconds before the delivery of the first and subsequent shocks but in none of the animals in which the delay was >15 seconds before the delivery of the first and subsequent shocks. Longer intervals of CPR interventions were required, and there was correspondingly greater failure of resuscitation in close relationship to increasing delays. The durations of interruptions were inversely related to the durations of subthreshold levels of coronary perfusion pressure. Postresuscitation arterial pressure and left ventricular ejection fraction were more severely impaired with increasing delays. Conclusions—Interruptions of precordial compression for rhythm analyses that exceed 15 seconds before each shock compromise the outcome of CPR and increase the severity of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction.
EDGE DETECTION ALGORITHM FOR DEPTH MAP GENERATION IN FREE VIEW VIDEO

High-quality depth map generation is a key component of free-viewpoint video (FVV), because the virtual view-point images used for FVV are synthesized from real multi-view images and their depth maps. However, synthesized images do not guarantee good quality if the depth maps are inaccurate. Many studies have been conducted to develop methods for generating accurate depth maps. A semi-automatic algorithm was proposed, but it requires considerable time-intensive user involvement. Fully automatic methods have also been proposed, but their quality is inferior to the semiautomatic method. In this paper, we propose an edge detection algorithm for defining a precise object boundary to produce a better depth map. Better maps are generated compared with those produced by the automatic mode in Depth Estimation Reference Software (DERS) program. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of images synthesized by View Synthesis Reference Software (VSRS) based on this proposed algorithm was improved by about 0.2 dB. Key-words: Free-viewpoint video (FVV), Depth Image Based Rendering (DIBR), depth map, semi-automatic mode, edge map
Computationally inexpensive labeling of appearance based navigable terrain for autonomous rovers

In this paper we describe a monocular vision based method to learn navigable terrain for autonomous rover navigation. A self-supervised learning mechanism adjusts the surface appearance model using monocular image sequences. We propose a computationally inexpensive approach to labeling of the ground plane pixels using a reactive pre-filter. An active window, centered at the current position of the robot, implements the pre-filter based on majority voting. The selection criterion employs only a comparison, addition, and bit shifts using integer arithmetic. Hence, the scoring mechanism is directly implementable using an integer data path, associated with a reduced area overhead for resource constrained rover applications. The labeled navigable pixels are used as training data. The learning algorithm uses a mixture of Gaussians to model the terrain. We present empirical results on heterogeneous obstacle field configurations and varying terrain types.
Survey on Image Segmentation Using Graph Based Methods

—The main goal of this paper is to survey the high quality of image segmentation with improved speed and stability. In this paper to segment the image using three different graph based segmentation algorithms. These are Isoperimetric Segmentation Normalisd Cut Segmentation, and Spectral Segmentation. Apply these algorithms in the image and find out segmentation result. Using the segmentation results the performance will be analyzed with speed and stability. To determine stability of image by adding the Additive Noise, Multiplicative Noise
Issue S in Informing Science and Information Technology Development of Electronic Money and Its Impact on the Central Bank Role and Monetary Policy

In recent years there has been considerable interest in the development of electronic money schemes. Electronic money has the potential to take over from cash as the primary means of making small-value payments and could make such transactions easier and cheaper for both consumers and merchants. Electronic money is a record of the funds or "value" available to a consumer stored on an electronic device in his or her possession, either on a prepaid card or on a personal computer for use over a computer network such as the Internet. This paper argues that e-money, as a network good, could become an important form of currency in the future. Such a development would influence the effectiveness and implementation of monetary policy. If an increased use of e-money substantially limits demand for central bank reserves, it would require changes in the operational target of the central bank and a closer coordination of monetary and fiscal policies.
The Impact of Dynamic Seating on Classroom Behavior of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Objective Children with autism have sitting and on-task behavior problems in class. In this study, the effect of three alternative classroom-seating devices such as regular classroom chairs, therapy balls, and air cushions were examined on students’ classroom behavior. Materials & Methods 15 students with autism participated in this A1-B-A2-C multiple treatments study from Mashhad’s Tabasom School, Mashhad, Iran in 2014. Students’ behaviors were video recorded in three phases: sitting on their common chairs during phase A, air-sit cushioned in phase B, and ball chairs in phase C. Sitting times and on-task behaviors were quantified by momentary time sampling and compared during different phases for important changes during 8 wk. Additionally, the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Second Edition test was used to examine stereotyped movements, social and communication skills of the students in the before and after research. Results Significant increases in in-seat behaviors in 86.7% (thirteen out of 15) of the students and on-task behaviors in 53.3% of the students (eight out of 15) when seated on therapy balls. Air cushions had no significant effects on in-seat/on-task behaviors. The results also showed significant decrease in stereotyped movement and increase in communication and social skills of these students. The teachers also preferred the use of the balls and/or air-cushioned chairs for their students. Conclusion Therapy ball chairs facilitated in-seat behavior and decreased autism related behavior of the students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in class.
Selfish Play Increases during High-Stakes NBA Games and Is Rewarded with More Lucrative Contracts

High-stakes team competitions can present a social dilemma in which participants must choose between concentrating on their personal performance and assisting teammates as a means of achieving group objectives. We find that despite the seemingly strong group incentive to win the NBA title, cooperative play actually diminishes during playoff games, negatively affecting team performance. Thus team cooperation decreases in the very high stakes contexts in which it is most important to perform well together. Highlighting the mixed incentives that underlie selfish play, personal scoring is rewarded with more lucrative future contracts, whereas assisting teammates to score is associated with reduced pay due to lost opportunities for personal scoring. A combination of misaligned incentives and psychological biases in performance evaluation bring out the “I” in “team” when cooperation is most critical.
Road transportation effect on rectal temperature, respiration and heart rates of ostrich ( Struthio camelus) chicks

The responses of rectal temperature (RT), respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) of ostrich (struthio camelus ) chicks during road transportation were investigated using standard recording procedures. The RT and RR of the ostriches increased significantly (P 0.05) from the value of 68.5 ± 2.2 beats per minute recorded during the journey. The RT, RR and HR values recorded six hours after the journey were not significantly (P>0.05) different from the corresponding pre-transportation values of the ostriches. The results showed that transportation of ostrich chicks for four hours induced a transient increase in RT and RR values. It is concluded that road transportation of ostrich chicks for four hours apparently has no adverse effects on health and performance of ostrich chicks.
A Conditioned Forwarding Algorithm for On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol

Broadcasting is a common operation in ad hoc routing protocols to resolve many issues. However, blind broadcasting is usually very costly and will result to serious redundancy, collision and contention. In this paper we propose a conditioned forwarding algorithm for broadcasting of On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol. By reducing unnecessary broadcasting of route request packets based on additional coverage area and density of node, this scheme performs more efficiently. Simulation results are presented, which show that the proposed scheme outperforms original protocol in packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay and control byte overhead.
Health-related messages about physical activity promotion: an analysis of photographs on social networking sites of universities

ABSTRACT The main aim of this study was to examine how different physical activity domains are represented on the official social media sites of Spanish universities, through a content analysis of the photographs. Our results show that the representation of different physical activity domains is not balanced. While the analysed images do promote a message of gender equality in sedentary and leisure time physical activity behaviour, pictures illustrating active commuting and disabled groups were under-represented. We conclude that Internet-based physical activity promotion in university settings must to be guided by the principles of ‘health-promoting universities’ in the sense of promoting a comprehensive view on healthy behaviours in every action carried out with the university community, and in particular including diversity as a norm rather than the exception. Professionals should be aware of their responsibility in the design of the built online environment and their influence on the welfare of the university community.
When and for Whom Is Sex Most Beneficial? Sexual Motivation in Romantic Relationships

Satisfying sexual encounters are important for the quality of couples’ relationships, but maintaining sexual desire and connection over time in a relationship is challenging. Theory and research on sexual motivation can inform when sex is associated with benefits in relationships and when it detracts from satisfaction, as well as who is more likely to maintain sexual desire and satisfaction over the course of time in a romantic relationship. People differ in their reasons or goals for engaging in sex with a romantic partner and their motivation to meet their partner’s sexual needs, and this has important implications for their experience of desire and satisfaction. This review of research on sexual motivation seeks to summarize the key findings in this area and highlight themes that provide insight into how couples can reap the most benefits from sex and keep their sexual spark alive over time. Implications for future research and clinical applications are discussed. Des relations sexuelles satisfaisantes sont déterminantes pour la qualité de la relation d’un couple, mais il est difficile de maintenir le désir sexuel et les liens au fil du temps. La théorie et la recherche sur la motivation sexuelle peuvent révéler quand le sexe est associé à des avantages dans le cadre d’une relation et quand il nuit à la satisfaction, ainsi que les personnes qui sont les plus susceptibles de conserver, dans une relation romantique, leur désir sexuel et leur satisfaction au fil du temps. Les raisons et les buts qui motivent les gens à avoir des relations sexuelles varient, de même que la motivation à répondre aux besoins sexuels de leur partenaire romantique, et ces éléments ont des répercussions importantes sur leur expérience sur le plan du désir et de la satisfaction. Le présent examen de la recherche portant sur la motivation sexuelle vise à résumer les principaux résultats dans ce domaine et à mettre en relief les thèmes qui permettent de comprendre la façon dont les couples peuvent tirer le maximum d’avantages des relations sexuelles et maintenir la passion sexuelle au fil du temps. Les répercussions pour les recherches futures et les applications cliniques sont ensuite présentées.
HEROIC: Homomorphically EncRypted One Instruction Computer

As cloud computing becomes mainstream, the need to ensure the privacy of the data entrusted to third parties keeps rising. Cloud providers resort to numerous security controls and encryption to thwart potential attackers. Still, since the actual computation inside cloud microprocessors remains unencrypted, the opportunity of leakage is theoretically possible. Therefore, in order to address the challenge of protecting the computation inside the microprocessor, we introduce a novel general purpose architecture for secure data processing, called HEROIC (Homomorphically EncRypted One Instruction Computer). This new design utilizes a single instruction architecture and provides native processing of encrypted data at the architecture level. The security of the solution is assured by a variant of Paillier's homomorphic encryption scheme, used to encrypt both instructions and data. Experimental results using our hardware-cognizant software simulator, indicate an average execution overhead between 5 and 45 times for the encrypted computation (depending on the security parameter), compared to the unencrypted variant, for a 16-bit single instruction architecture.
Robot path planning using Laplacian Behaviour-Based Control (LBBC) via Half-Sweep SOR

Essentially, a truly autonomous mobile robot be capable of finding its own path from start to goal location without colliding with any obstacles. This paper investigates the effectiveness of a robot path planning technique that utilizes Laplacian Behaviour-Based Control (LBBC) for robot control and uses Laplace's Equation for generating potential function in the configuration space model. The robot control namely LBBC would enable the robot to recover from getting stuck in a flat region. Furthermore, an efficient iteration technique via Half-Sweep Successive Over-Relaxation (HSSOR) would provide fast computation for solving the Laplace's equation that represents the potential values of the configuration space.
Behavioral programming: a broader and more detailed take on semantic GP

In evolutionary computation, the fitness of a candidate solution conveys sparse feedback. Yet in many cases, candidate solutions can potentially yield more information. In genetic programming (GP), one can easily examine program behavior on particular fitness cases or at intermediate execution states. However, how to exploit it to effectively guide the search remains unclear. In this study we apply machine learning algorithms to features describing the intermediate behavior of the executed program. We then drive the standard evolutionary search with additional objectives reflecting this intermediate behavior. The machine learning functions independent of task-specific knowledge and discovers potentially useful components of solutions (subprograms), which we preserve in an archive and use as building blocks when composing new candidate solutions. In an experimental assessment on a suite of benchmarks, the proposed approach proves more capable of finding optimal and/or well-performing solutions than control methods.
A single latch, high speed double-edge triggered flip-flop (DETFF)

This paper describes an original circuit design of a static CMOS double-edge triggered flip-flop (DETFF). Double. edge triggered (DET) flip-flops are bistable flip-flop circuits in which data is latched at either edge of the clock signal. Using such flip-flops permits the rate of data processing to be preserved while using lower clock frequency (as compared to a circuit with single-edge triggered flip-flops). Therefore, power consumption in DETFF based circuits may be reduced. The proposed flip-flop design has fewer transistors than other published static CMOS DETFFs. The described circuit structure is laid out in a 0.5 /spl mu/m process. Circuit simulations using Hspice demonstrate that the flip-flop is logically correct and functions as expected. Furthermore, the proposed design rates favorably when compared to existing static CMOS DETFF circuits.
Estimating the Impact of State Budget Cuts and Redirection of Prevention Resources on the HIV Epidemic in 59 California Local Health Departments

Background In the wake of a national economic downturn, the state of California, in 2009–2010, implemented budget cuts that eliminated state funding of HIV prevention and testing. To mitigate the effect of these cuts remaining federal funds were redirected. This analysis estimates the impact of these budget cuts and reallocation of resources on HIV transmission and associated HIV treatment costs. Methods and Findings We estimated the effect of the budget cuts and reallocation for California county health departments (excluding Los Angeles and San Francisco) on the number of individuals living with or at-risk for HIV who received HIV prevention services. We used a Bernoulli model to estimate the number of new infections that would occur each year as a result of the changes, and assigned lifetime treatment costs to those new infections. We explored the effect of redirecting federal funds to more cost-effective programs, as well as the potential effect of allocating funds proportionately by transmission category. We estimated that cutting HIV prevention resulted in 55 new infections that were associated with $20 million in lifetime treatment costs. The redirection of federal funds to more cost-effective programs averted 15 HIV infections. If HIV prevention funding were allocated proportionately to transmission categories, we estimated that HIV infections could be reduced below the number that occurred annually before the state budget cuts. Conclusions Reducing funding for HIV prevention may result in short-term savings at the expense of additional HIV infections and increased HIV treatment costs. Existing HIV prevention funds would likely have a greater impact on the epidemic if they were allocated to the more cost-effective programs and the populations most likely to acquire and transmit the infection.