Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vascular Health and Risk Management Dovepress Length of Stay, Hospitalization Cost, and In-hospital Mortality in Us Adult Inpatients with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, 2006–2012

you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms Purpose: In this study, we examined the length of stay, hospitalization cost, and risk of in-hospital mortality among US adult inpatients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Methods: We analyzed nationally representative data obtained from Nationwide/National Inpatient Sample database of discharges from 2006 to 2012. Results: In the US, there were an estimated 296,870 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 284,831– 308,909) patient discharges recorded for ITP from 2006 to 2012, during which ITP-related hospitalizations had increased steadily by nearly 30%. The average length of stay for an ITP-related hospitalization was found to be 6.02 days (95% CI: 5.93–6.10), which is 28% higher than that of the overall US discharge population (4.70 days, 95% CI: 4.66–4.74). The average cost of ITP-related hospitalizations was found Gender-and age-adjusted mortality risk in inpatients with ITP was 22% (95% CI: 19%–24%) higher than that of the overall US discharge population. Across diagnosis related groups, length of stay for ITP-related hospitalizations was longest for Conclusion: Inpatients with ITP had longer hospital stay, bore higher costs, and faced greater risk of mortality than the overall US discharge population.
Wavelet network controller for nuclear steam generators

Poor control of steam generator water level is the main cause of unexpected shutdowns in nuclear power plants. Particularly at low powers, it is a difficult task due to shrink and swell phenomena and flow measurement errors. In addition, the steam generator is a highly complex, nonlinear and time-varying system and its parameters vary with operating conditions. Therefore, it seems that design of a suitable controller is a necessary step to enhance plant availability factor. The purpose of this paper is to design, analyze and evaluate a water level controller for U-tube steam generators using wavelet neural networks. Computer simulations show that the proposed controller improves transient response of steam generator water level and demonstrate its superiority to existing controllers.
Toxic Effects of Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate: An Overview

Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is extensively used as a plasticizer in many products, especially medical devices, furniture materials, cosmetics, and personal care products. DEHP is noncovalently bound to plastics, and therefore, it will leach out of these products after repeated use, heating, and/or cleaning of the products. Due to the overuse of DEHP in many products, it enters and pollutes the environment through release from industrial settings and plastic waste disposal sites. DEHP can enter the body through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact on a daily basis, which has raised some concerns about its safety and its potential effects on human health. The main aim of this review is to give an overview of the endocrine, testicular, ovarian, neural, hepatotoxic, and cardiotoxic effects of DEHP on animal models and humans in vitro and in vivo.
Avoiding Effective Defenses: Strategies Employed by Phloem-Feeding Insects1

Phytophages breach the integrity of plant tissues to recover nutrients from foliage, seeds, pollen, nectar, roots, or shoots. While many herbivores cause extensive damage, phloem-feeding insects, such as aphids and whiteflies, cause modest to barely perceptible damage, respectively. Phloem-feeding
Digital health technology for use in patients with serious mental illness: a systematic review of the literature

Background As the capabilities and reach of technology have expanded, there is an accompanying proliferation of digital technologies developed for use in the care of patients with mental illness. The objective of this review was to systematically search published literature to identify currently available health technologies and their intended uses for patients with serious mental illness. Materials and methods The Medline, Embase, and BIOSIS Previews electronic databases were searched to identify peer-reviewed English language articles that reported the use of digital, mobile, and other advanced technology in patients with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Eligible studies were systematically reviewed based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results Eighteen studies that met the inclusion criteria were identified. Digital health technologies (DHTs) assessed in the selected studies included mobile applications (apps), digital medicine, digital personal health records, and an electronic pill container. Smartphone apps accounted for the largest share of DHTs. The intended uses of DHTs could be broadly classified as monitoring to gain a better understanding of illness, clinical assessment, and intervention. Overall, studies indicated high usability/feasibility and efficacy/effectiveness, with several reporting validity against established clinical scales. Users were generally engaged with the DHT, and mobile assessments were deemed helpful in monitoring disease symptoms. Conclusion Rapidly proliferating digital technologies seem to be feasible for short-term use in patients with serious mental illness; nevertheless, long-term effectiveness data from naturalistic studies will help demonstrate their usefulness and facilitate their adoption and integration into the mental health-care system.
Migration-Based Online CPSCN Big Data Analysis in Data Centers

It is critical to schedule online data-intensive jobs effectively for various applications, including cyber-physical-system and social network system. It is also useful to support timely decision making and better prediction. In this paper, we investigate the online job scheduling problem with data migration for global job execution time reduction. We first establish a time model based on the real experimental results, and propose an online job placement algorithm by taking into account the benefit of both instantaneity and locality for the jobs. We then introduce data migration to the job placement algorithm. The core idea is to make a tradeoff between the migration cost and remote access cost. The simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm has a significant improvement than FIFO, and data migration shows effectiveness on global job execution time reduction. Our algorithms also provide an acceptable fairness for jobs.
Semantic Clustering-Based Deep Hypergraph Model for Online Reviews Semantic Classification in Cyber-Physical-Social Systems

Sentiment classification of online reviews is playing an increasingly important role for both consumers and businesses in cyber-physical-social systems. However, existing works ignore the semantic correlation among different reviews, causing the ineffectiveness for sentiment classification. In this paper, a word embedding clustering-based deep hypergraph model (ECDHG) is proposed for the sentiment analysis of online reviews. The ECDHG introduces external knowledge by employing the pre-training word embeddings to express reviews. Then, semantic units are detected under the supervision of semantic cliques discovered by an improved hierarchical fast clustering algorithm. Convolutional neural networks are connected to extract the high-order textual and semantic features of reviews. Finally, the hypergraph can be constructed based on high-order relations of samples for the sentiment classification of reviews. Experiments are performed on five-domain data sets including movie, book, DVD, kitchen, and electronic to assess the performance of the proposed model compared with other seven models. The results validate that our model outperforms the compared methods in classification accuracy.
Stabalization of solar-panel energy system for

Renewable energy resources such as Sun and wind are getting popular and easier to use day by day. It is a better method to fulfill our demands as sun is a continuous source of energy for Earth. Many countries are fulfilling their demands by Solar Panels. Solar panel is used as a converter between sunlight and electrical energy. This research paper is going to tell that how to obtain electrical energy from sunlight more efficiently and effectively. For this purpose, we need to design a system based on power electronics, consists of a positive output Luo-converter and a double closed loop controller. In this way we can reduce the variation of the output of solar panel from 20 % to 1 %. This is how we can stabilize our unstable electrical energy obtained from Sun and this stable energy can be linked to the main grid line. In order to increase its efficiency this power electronics design can be installed easily. This theory is verified with the help of a software simulation and results I obtained are shown in this paper.
On-line global maximum power point (GMPP) identification of solar PV plants

This paper introduces an algorithm to identify the global maximum power point (GMPP) of a solar Photovoltaic (PV) plant while operating under the partial shade condition (PSC) or fault condition (FC). Conventionally a complete current vs. voltage (or I-V) curve of the faulty PV array is swept to identify the GMPP. However, this paper proposes that a part or ‘region of interest’ of the I-V curve would be sufficient to identify the GMPP, and there is no need to sweep complete I-V curve. For verification purposes, real-time experimental tests were conducted.
pH and Calcium Regulate the Water Permeability of Aquaporin 0*

Aquaporins increase the water permeability in many cell types across many species. We investigated the effects of external pH and Ca2+ on water permeability ofXenopus oocytes injected with aquaporin cRNA by measuring the rate of swelling in hypotonic solutions. Lowering pH to 6.5 increased the water permeability of aquaporin (AQP0) 3.4 ± 0.4-fold. Diethylpyrocarbonate pretreatment increased water permeability 4.2 ± 0.5-fold and abolished pH sensitivity, suggesting that the pH regulation is mediated by an external histidine. Lowering Ca2+ increased water permeability 4.1 ± 0.4-fold. The effects of Ca2+ and pH each required the presence of histidine 40, indicating a critical role of this amino acid in facilitating the modulation of water permeability. Clamping intracellular Ca2+ at high or low values abolished sensitivity to external Ca2+, suggesting that Ca2+ acts at an internal site. Three different calmodulin inhibitors each increased AQP0 water permeability, suggesting that Ca2+ may act through calmodulin. None of the above altered the water permeability induced by AQP1 or AQP4. Because the greatest change in AQP0 water permeability is in the normal pH range found in the lens (7.2–6.5), this paper provides evidence for regulation of an aquaporin by pH under physiological conditions.
Respiratory Performance Offered by N95 Respirators and Surgical Masks: Human Subject Evaluation with NaCl Aerosol Representing Bacterial and Viral Particle Size Range

Abstract Objectives: This study aimed at determining the protection factors (PFs) provided by N95 filtering facepiece respirators and surgical masks against particles representing bacterial and viral size ranges (aerodynamic size: 0.04–1.3 μm). Methods: The protection levels of N95 filtering facepiece respirators (four models) and surgical masks (three models) were investigated while they were donned by 12 subjects performing the OSHA (US Occupational Safety and Health Administration) fit-testing exercises in a test chamber. Results: About 29% of N95 respirators and ∼100% of surgical masks had PFs <10, which is the assigned PF designated for this type of respirator by the OSHA. On average, the PFs of N95 respirators were 8–12 times greater than those of surgical masks. The minimum PFs were observed in the size range of 0.04–0.2 μm. No significant difference in PF results was found between N95 respirators with and without an exhalation valve. Conclusions: The study indicates that N95 filtering facepiece respirators may not achieve the expected protection level against bacteria and viruses. An exhalation valve on the N95 respirator does not affect the respiratory protection; it appears to be an appropriate alternative to reduce the breathing resistance.
Linking physiological and genetic analyses of the control of leaf growth under changing environmental conditions

Decrease in leaf growth rate under water deficit can be seen as an adaptive process. The analysis of its genetic variability is therefore important in the context of drought tolerance. Several mechanisms are widely believed to drive the reduction in leaf growth rate under water deficit, namely leaf carbon balance, incomplete turgor maintenance, and decrease in cell wall plasticity or in cell division rate, with contributions from hormones such as abscisic acid or ethylene. Each of these mechanisms is still controversial, and involves several families of genes. It is argued that gene regulatory networks are not feasible for modelling such complex systems. Leaf growth can be modelled via response curves to environmental conditions, which are considered as ‘meta-mechanisms’ at a higher degree of organisation. Response curves of leaf elongation rate to meristem temperature, atmospheric vapour pressure deficit, and soil water status were established in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of maize in experiments carried out in the field and in the greenhouse. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was conducted on the slopes of these responses. Each parameter of the ecophysiological model could then be computed as the sum of QTL effects, allowing calculation of parameters of new RILs, either virtual or existing. Leaf elongation rates of new RILS were simulated and were similar to measurements in a growth chamber experiment. This opens the way to the simulation of virtual genotypes, known only by their alleles, in any climatic scenario. Each genotype is therefore represented by a set of response parameters, valid in a large range of conditions and deduced from the alleles at QTLs.
A continuum of undetectable timing-attacks on PMU-based linear state-estimation

Recent innovations in protection and control applications for power systems require the use of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) measurements. PMUs rely on precise time synchronization and have been shown to be vulnerable to time synchronization attacks. In this paper, we explore time synchronization attacks against PMU measurements that are undetectable by state-of-the-art Bad-Data Detection (BDD) algorithms, used for Linear State-Estimation (LSE). We show that compromising three or more PMUs enables an attacker to create a continuum of undetectable attacks, and based on geometric arguments we provide a closed form expression for computing the attacks. Furthermore, we provide an algorithm for identifying PMU measurements that are vulnerable to the considered attacks. We use simulations on the IEEE 39-Bus benchmark power system to show that attacks can have a significant impact in terms of power flow mis-estimation that could lead to the violation of ampacity limits in transmission lines.
Tissue Engineering to Improve Immature Testicular Tissue and Cell Transplantation Outcomes: One Step Closer to Fertility Restoration for Prepubertal Boys Exposed to Gonadotoxic Treatments

Despite their important contribution to the cure of both oncological and benign diseases, gonadotoxic therapies present the risk of a severe impairment of fertility. Sperm cryopreservation is not an option to preserve prepubertal boys’ reproductive potential, as their seminiferous tubules only contain spermatogonial stem cells (as diploid precursors of spermatozoa). Cryobanking of human immature testicular tissue (ITT) prior to gonadotoxic therapies is an accepted practice. Evaluation of cryopreserved ITT using xenotransplantation in nude mice showed the survival of a limited proportion of spermatogonia and their ability to proliferate and initiate differentiation. However, complete spermatogenesis could not be achieved in the mouse model. Loss of germ cells after ITT grafting points to the need to optimize the transplantation technique. Tissue engineering, a new branch of science that aims at improving cellular environment using scaffolds and molecules administration, might be an approach for further progress. In this review, after summarizing the lessons learned from human prepubertal testicular germ cells or tissue xenotransplantation experiments, we will focus on the benefits that might be gathered using bioengineering techniques to enhance transplantation outcomes by optimizing early tissue graft revascularization, protecting cells from toxic insults linked to ischemic injury and exploring strategies to promote cellular differentiation.
Synchronous distribution of SIGNAL programs

SIGNAL, a synchronous and data-flow oriented language, allows the user to design safe real-time applications. Its compiler uses a single formalism called "synchronized data-flow graphs" (SDFGs) all along the conception chain from specification to proof and verification. We show how this formalism can be kept on until distributed code generation. The described implementation, called synchronous distribution, respects the semantics of SIGNAL. We finally show the limits of SDFGs and conclude with a discussion on the necessity of another model describing dynamic behaviours of distributed executions.
Mutualism-disrupting allelopathic invader drives carbon stress and vital rate decline in a forest perennial herb

Most plants form mutually beneficial relationships with microorganisms in their roots, especially fungi. Invasive plants can release substances toxic to other species known as allelochemicals. Allelochemicals from the invasive species garlic mustard can inhibit beneficial soil fungi, thereby disrupting the plant-fungal mutualism. We demonstrate that treatment with garlic mustard leaves reduces the ability of a native plant, False Solomon's seal, to store carbohydrates. Additionally, we demonstrate that weeding garlic mustard from forest plots allows this native to grow larger, flower more frequently, and enter long-term dormancy less often relative to plots where garlic mustard occurs.
Advances in the Surgical Management of Glaucoma – The Role of the EX-PRESS® Glaucoma Filtration Device

Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy caused by the death of retinal ganglion cells and degeneration of their axons in the optic nerve. This leads to damage of the optic disc and subsequent loss of the visual field. Glaucoma is known to be one of the principal causes of blindness worldwide. Population-based data indicate that 1–9 % of adults older than 40 years have some form of glaucoma, with prevalence depending on age, gender and ethnic background. In 2010, 60.5 million people worldwide were estimated to have glaucoma and, because of increasing population numbers combined with increased population ageing, this will probably affect approximately 80 million people by 2020. The economic burden associated with glaucoma globally is considerable and related not only to treatment costs, but also to rehabilitation and patient costs, including increased household costs and loss of earnings.
Host–pathogen evolutionary signatures reveal dynamics and future invasions of vampire bat rabies

Significance In Latin America, vampire bat rabies constrains livestock production and is the main cause of lethal human rabies outbreaks. Despite knowledge that bat dispersal prevents viral extinction and compromises control campaigns, the movement patterns of infected bats are unknown. Using large host and virus datasets, we illustrate a genetic approach to link population level patterns of host dispersal to pathogen spatial spread that overcomes logistical limitations of tracking animal movement in the wild. The results implicate male vampire bats as contributing disproportionately to rabies spatial spread and offer opportunities to forecast and prevent rabies. The ubiquity of sex-biased dispersal in animals suggests sex-biased pathogen spread could widely influence the distribution and invasion dynamics of emerging diseases. Anticipating how epidemics will spread across landscapes requires understanding host dispersal events that are notoriously difficult to measure. Here, we contrast host and virus genetic signatures to resolve the spatiotemporal dynamics underlying geographic expansions of vampire bat rabies virus (VBRV) in Peru. Phylogenetic analysis revealed recent viral spread between populations that, according to extreme geographic structure in maternally inherited host mitochondrial DNA, appeared completely isolated. In contrast, greater population connectivity in biparentally inherited nuclear microsatellites explained the historical limits of invasions, suggesting that dispersing male bats spread VBRV between genetically isolated female populations. Host nuclear DNA further indicated unanticipated gene flow through the Andes mountains connecting the VBRV-free Pacific coast to the VBRV-endemic Amazon rainforest. By combining Bayesian phylogeography with landscape resistance models, we projected invasion routes through northern Peru that were validated by real-time livestock rabies mortality data. The first outbreaks of VBRV on the Pacific coast of South America could occur by June 2020, which would have serious implications for agriculture, wildlife conservation, and human health. Our results show that combining host and pathogen genetic data can identify sex biases in pathogen spatial spread, which may be a widespread but underappreciated phenomenon, and demonstrate that genetic forecasting can aid preparedness for impending viral invasions.
Design and statistical optimization of an effervescent floating drug delivery system of theophylline using response surface methodology

Abstract The aim of this research was to formulate effervescent floating drug delivery systems of theophylline using different release retarding polymers such as ethyl cellulose, Eudragit® L100, xanthan gum and polyethylene oxide (PEO) N12K. Sodium bicarbonate was used as a gas generating agent. Direct compression was used to formulate floating tablets and the tablets were evaluated for their physicochemical and dissolution characteristics. PEO based formulations produced better drug release properties than other formulations. Hence, it was further optimized by central composite design. Further subjects of research were the effect of formulation variables on floating lag time and the percentage of drug released at the seventh hour (D7h). The optimum quantities of PEO and sodium bicarbonate, which had the highest desirability close to 1.0, were chosen as the statistically optimized formulation. No interaction was found between theophylline and PEO by Fourier Transformation Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) studies.
Normalized Log-Linear Interpolation of Backoff Language Models is Efficient

We prove that log-linearly interpolated backoff language models can be efﬁciently and exactly collapsed into a single normalized backoff model, contradicting Hsu (2007). While prior work reported that log-linear interpolation yields lower per-plexity than linear interpolation, normalizing at query time was impractical. We normalize the model ofﬂine in advance, which is efﬁcient due to a recurrence relationship between the normalizing factors. To tune interpolation weights, we apply Newton’s method to this convex problem and show that the derivatives can be computed ef-ﬁciently in a batch process. These ﬁndings are combined in new open-source interpolation tool, which is distributed with KenLM. With 21 out-of-domain corpora, log-linear interpolation yields 72.58 per-plexity on TED talks, compared to 75.91 for linear interpolation.