Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Analgesic effects of Emla cream and saccharose solution for subcutaneous injections in preterm newborns: a prospective study of 265 injections].

OBJECTIVE To compare the analgesic effects of non nutritive pacifier sucking, oral administration of a 30% saccharose solution, local application of Emla and their association for subcutaneous injection of erythropoietin (EPO) in preterm infants. METHODS Our study was a randomised, prospective study conducted over 5 months. Neonates with a gestational age below 33 weeks of gestation and older than 8 days of life were included if they were treated with EPO (three subcutaneous injections per week during 6 weeks). For each consecutive EPO injection, patients were randomised between four groups of intervention: non nutritive pacifier sucking (T), oral administration of 0.2-0.5 ml of a 30% saccharose solution with non nutritive pacifier sucking (S), local application of Emla with non nutritive pacifier sucking (E), and oral administration of 0.2-0.5 ml of a 30% saccharose solution with local application of Emla and with non nutritive pacifier sucking (S + E). Each child was its own control. Pain was assessed with the Newborn Acute Pain scale (DAN) and with the Neonatal Facial Coding System (NFCS). RESULTS Thirty-three neonates were included, representing 265 injections. Distribution was: 41 in group T, 71 in group E, 86 in group S and 67 in group E + S. Mean DAN and NFCS scores were statistically different between groups T, E and S. Analgesic effect of saccharose (-1.05) was greater than Emla (-0.56). Used together, effects were adding up without potentialisation. CONCLUSION This study shows that the association of non nutritive pacifier sucking with oral administration of saccharose and local application of Emla has a better analgesic effect than each of these three interventions alone for subcutaneous injection of EPO.
The effect of music‐induced mood on aggressive affect, cognition, and behavior.

Two studies explored the role of pleasant music in buffering the adverse effects of provocation. In the first study, 111 participants listened to aversive, pleasant, or no music before receiving a provocation and completing a measure of aggressive behavior. Participants exposed to pleasant music reported more positive mood. Those in the aversive music condition reported more negative mood than did those in the no-music control condition. The more positive the music-induced mood, the less anger was experienced and aggressive behavior was shown after provocation. In Study 2 (N = 142), listening to pleasant music reduced anger following provocation, compared to aversive music and a no-music control condition. Pleasant music also increased response latencies in recognizing aggressive words after provocation.
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at 9 A resolution.

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a cation-selective, ligand-gated ion channel, involved in signal transmission at the chemical synapse. This paper reports the three-dimensional appearance of the channel in the closed conformation, at 9 A resolution. The structure was determined by electron microscopy of tubular crystals of Torpedo postsynaptic membranes embedded in amorphous ice. The analysis was carried out by averaging data from separate images, using helical diffraction methods. The images were recorded over a wide range of defocus (7000 to 18,800 A) so that all spacings in the object were well sampled. Tubes of only one kind ((-16.6) helical family) were processed, so that the Fourier terms could be averaged directly in reciprocal space. The three-dimensional map, obtained from 26 images, resolves some elements of secondary structure within the five protein subunits. In the synaptic part of each subunit, about 30 A from the bilayer surface, there is a group of three rods that are oriented predominantly perpendicular to the plane of the bilayer and twist around each other as in a left-handed coil. These rods presumably are alpha-helices. Two of them line the entrance to the channel, and the third is on the outside. The distinctive appearance of the alpha subunits in this region suggests that the rods may be involved in forming the binding pocket for acetylcholine. In the bilayer-spanning part of each subunit there is only one rod clearly visible, which forms the wall lining the pore, and so is assumed to be the transmembrane helix, M2. This rod does not form a straight path through the lipid bilayer, but bends, or kinks, near its mid-point, where it is closest to the axis of the pore, and tilts radially outwards on either side. It is flanked on the lipid-facing sides by a continuous rim of density, which seems likely to be composed of beta-sheet. A tentative alignment is made between the three-dimensional densities and the sequence of M2, based on correlation of the appearance of the rods with a special pattern of amino acid residues in the sequence. This alignment places the charged groups at the ends of M2 symmetrically on either side of the bilayer, and a highly conserved leucine residue (Leu251 of the alpha subunit) at the level of the kink. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Capacity estimates of additive inverse Gaussian molecular channels with relay characteristics

Molecular communications is an emergent field that seeks to develop nanoscale communication devices using design principles gleaned from studies of the topology and dynamic properties of biological signaling networks. To understand how these networks function, we must first characterize the functional building blocks that compose them, and the best candidates for those are the topologically distinct subnetworks, or motifs, that appear in a statistically improbable abundance. In transcriptional networks, one of the most prevalent motifs is the feed-forward loop, a three node motif wherein one top-level protein regulates the expression of a target gene either directly or indirectly through an intermediate regulator protein. Currently, no systematic effort has been made to treat an isolated feed-forward loop as a stand-alone signal amplifying/attenuating device and understand its communication capacity in terms of the diffusion of individual molecules. To address this issue, we derive a theorem that estimates the upper and lower bounds of the channel capacity for a relay channel, which structurally corresponds to a feed-forward loop, by using an additive inverse Gaussian noise channel model of protein-ligand binding. Our results are just a first step towards assessing the performance bounds of simplified biological circuits in order to guide the development and optimization of synthetic, bio-inspired devices that can be used as information processing and forwarding units.
Efficient Clifford+T approximation of single-qubit operators

We give an efficient randomized algorithm for approximating an arbitrary element of SU(2) by a product of Clifford+T operators, up to any given error threshold e > 0. Under a mild hypothesis on the distribution of primes, the algorithm's expected runtime is polynomial in log(1/e). If the operator to be approximated is a z-rotation, the resulting gate sequence has T-count K+4 log2(1/e), where K is approximately equal to 10. We also prove a worst-case lower bound of K+4 log2(1/e), where K = -9, so that our algorithm is within an additive constant of optimal for certain z-rotations. For an arbitrary member of SU(2), we achieve approximations with T-count K + 12 log2(1/e). By contrast, the Solovay-Kitaev algorithm achieves T-count O(logc(1/e)), where c is approximately 3.97.
Messung und Konsequenzen von Servicequalität im E-Commerce : eine empirische Analyse am Beispiel des Internet-Banking

Geringere Wechselkosten fur Kunden und niedrigere Markteintrittsbarrieren fur neue Konkur-renten verscharfen den Wettbewerb fur Finanzdienstleister im Internet erheblich. Daher wird es fur Banken immer wichtiger, ihre Kunden durch eine hervorragende Servicequalitat im Internet-Banking zu uberzeugen und an sich zu binden. Traditionelle Messmodelle der Servi-cequalitat, die fur personlich erbrachte Dienstleistungen entwickelt wurden, konnen jedoch nicht einfach angewendet werden, um die Qualitat elektronischer Dienstleistungen zu erfas-sen. Diese Arbeit versucht, die vorhandene Lucke in diesem Bereich zu schliesen, indem das SERVQUAL-Modell als ein empirisch fundierter Ansatz zur Bestimmung der Servicequalitat an die Besonderheiten von Internet-Transaktionen angepasst wird. Anhand einer exploratori-schen und konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalyse wird ein Messmodell entwickelt und validiert. Im Ergebnis lassen sich funf zentrale Qualitatsdimensionen identifizieren. Anschliesend wird mittels einer Kausalanalyse der Zusammenhang zu den zentralen Marketingzielen Kundenzu-friedenheit und Kundenbindung untersucht.
Uniform Gray Based Arbitrary Scratches Detection for Image Inpainting

Most image inpainting techniques require a human to identify manually the portion to be inpainted. We propose a new detection algorithm which can automatically detect defect portions in an image, including arbitrary scratches by color ink. The proposed algorithm is based on the characteristics of uniform gray of scratches and structural information of scratches. In this algorithm, we apply top-hat transform and low-hap transformation to highlight the scratch regions and use erosion- dilation operator in morphology to finalize the regions of arbitrary scratches. Many photos are used for testing. Preliminary results show that most scratches can be automatically detected without human involvement.
Studi Perbandingan Penggunaan Strategi Belajar Aktif Tipe Joepardy Review dan Who Wants To Be A Millionaire Pada Pembelajaran Matematika

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya nilai matematika siswa kelas VII SMPN 17 Kota Jambi. Hal ini dikarenakan guru bidang studi menerapkan pembelajaran ekspositori yang kurang mengaktifkan siswa di kelas. Guru matematika seharusnya dapat menciptakan proses belajar mengajar yang baik dengan menerapkan strategi belajar yang bervariasi serta dapat membuat siswa menjadi aktif dalam belajar dan strategi yang dapat diterapkan adalah strategi belajar aktif tipe Joepardy Review dan Who Wants To Be A Millionaire . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya perbandingan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII SMP N 17 Kota Jambi yang diajar dengan menggunakan strategi belajar aktif tipe Joepardy Review dan Who Wants To Be A Millionaire . Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang dilakukan terhadap tiga kelas sampel yang diberikan perlakuan berbeda hasil post-test diperoleh diuji menggunakan uji-t satu arah. Dari hasil analisis data hasil belajar matematika siswa pada ketiga kelas sampel adalah homogen. Untuk pengujian diperoleh t hitung > t tabel , sehingga H 1 : µ 1 > µ 2 diterima. Jadi disimpulkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar matematika dengan menggunakan strategi belajar aktif tipe joepardy review lebih baik dari rata-rata hasil belajar matematika dengan menggunakan strategi belajar aktif tipe who wants to be a millionaire . Dari hasil penelitian disarankan agar guru bidang studi matematika dapat menerapkan strategi belajar aktif tipe joepardy review di kelas. Kata Kunci : Hasil Belajar, Strategi Belajar Aktif Tipe Joepardy Review , Stratregi Belajar Aktif Tipe Who Wants To Be A Millionaire
Efficient Signal-Time Coding Design and its Application in Wireless Gaussian Relay Networks

Signal-time coding, which combines the traditional encoding/modulation mode in the signal domain with signal pulse phase modulation in the time domain, was proposed to improve the information flow rate in relay networks. In this paper, we mainly focus on the efficient signal-time coding design. We first derive an explicit iterative algorithm to estimate the maximum number of available codes given the code length of signal-time coding, and then present an iterative construction method of codebooks. It is shown that compared with conventional computer search, the proposed iterative construction method can reduce the complexity greatly. Numerical results will also indicate that the new constructed codebook is optimal in terms of coding rate. To minimize the buffer size needed to store the codebook while keeping a relatively high efficiency, we shall propose a combinatorial construction method. We will then consider applications in wireless Gaussian relay networks. It will be shown that in the three node network model, the mixed transmission by using two-hop and direct transmissions is not always a good option.
How Quickly Can Attention Affect Form Perception

Abstract : It is possible to attend to different locations in the visual field without changing fixation. Recently, some researchers have suggested that sequenced of such internal attention shifts may be a necessary part of perception. This seems to require that attention be shifted very rapidly, since a complex scene can often be seen with only brief presentation. The present experiments trace the time course of the effects of internal attention shifts on form discrimination accuracy. Observers were cued to attend to one of four peripheral locations while maintaining central fixation. After a brief variable interval, four T-like target figures were presented, one at each location, followed by masks. The observer then identified the target that appeared at the cued location. The first two experiments showed that rapid-onset attention effects, which occur when cue is presented near the target, can also be obtained with a cue presented fixation, given sufficient practice. This argues that such effects are indeed attentional in nature and are not due to local cur-target presentation is considered, the latency of attention effects is very short. Furthermore, attention increases the rate at which information is extracted from a stimulus. Keywords: Attention shift, Form discrimination, Form perceptive, Visual perception.
A novel data streaming method detecting superpoints

Internet attacks such as distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks and worm attacks are increasing in severity. Identifying realtime attack and mitigation of Internet traffic is an important and challenging problem for network administrators. A compromised host doing fast scanning for worm propagation can make a very high number of connections to distinct destinations within a short time. We call such a host a superpoint, which is the source that connect to a large number of distinct destinations. Detecting superpoints can be utilized for traffic engineering and anomaly detection. We propose a novel data streaming method for detecting superpoints and prove guarantees on their accuracy and memory requirements. The core of this method is a novel data structure called Vector Bloom Filter (VBF). A VBF is a variant of standard Bloom Filter (BF). The VBF consists of 6 hash functions, 4 hash functions of which projectively select some consecutive bits from original strings as function values. We obtain the information of superpoints using the overlapping of hash bit strings of the VBF. The theoretical analysis and experiment results show that our schemes can precisely and efficiently detect superpoints.
Lifetime Effects: The High/Scope Perry Preschool Study Through Age 40

T he design and findings of the High/Scope Perry Preschool study and its conclusions are summarized here, along with answers to frequently asked questions, thereby taking advantage of the rich discussion that has surrounded the study over 4 decades. Complete information is available in the study's latest report, Lifetime Effects: The High/Scope Perry Preschool Study Through Age 40. Summary The High/Scope Perry Preschool study is a scientific experiment that has identified both the short-and long-term effects of a high-quality preschool education program for young children living in poverty. From 1962 through 1967, David Weikart and his colleagues in the Ypsilanti, Michigan, school district operated the High/Scope Perry Preschool Program for young children to help them avoid school failure and related problems. They identified a sample of 123 low-income African-American children who were assessed to be at high risk of school failure and randomly assigned 58 of them to a program group that received a high-quality preschool program at ages 3 and 4 and 65 to another group that received no preschool program. Because of the random assignment strategy, children's preschool experience remains the best explanation for subsequent group differences in their performance over the years. Project staff collected data annually on both groups from ages 3 through 11 and again at ages 14, 15, 19, 27, and 40, with a missing data rate of only 6% across all measures. After each period of data collection, staff analyzed the information and wrote a comprehensive official report. The study has produced eight monographs over the years. The findings of program effects through age 40 span the domains
LA COMPTABILITÉ DE GESTION: OUTIL D'INFORMATION OU DISPOSITIF DE CONNAISSANCE ? LA PERCEPTION DES MANAGERS

Cette communication explore les roles de la comptabilite de gestion pour les managers. Elle repose sur l'analyse de contenu de dix-huit entretiens semi-directifs realises aupres de cadres dirigeants de grandes entreprises en France. Les resultats de l'analyse des donnees qualitatives montrent la co-presence des trois roles de la comptabilite de gestion (outil d'information, outil de relations et dispositif de connaissance). Une evaluation quantitative de l'importance des proprietes de chaque role montre des differences dans leurs poids respectifs. La perception de la comptabilite de gestion en tant qu'outil d'information, plutot que dispositif de connaissance, reste encore dominante dans les discours des managers.
Sustainable Stewardship of the Landrace Diversity

Landraces are heterogeneous populations and their variability goes through continuous alterations because of physical, genetic, and epigenetic procedures exacerbated by the ongoing climatic changes. Appropriate stewardship of landrace diversity is pivotal to promote its longevity in a manner that is sustainable from the farming perspective. A seed multiplication procedure is presented based on the assumption that in order to improve effectiveness in resource use and increase seed productivity, landraces should comprise genotypes which minimize intra-species competition. These aforementioned genotypes should be of the “weak competitor” ideotype, which are selected so as to alleviate the interplant competition and reach as high as possible crop stand uniformity. Stand uniformity is essential to ensure the same growing conditions for each plant. Reduced intra-crop inequality and equal use of inputs by individual plants will optimize crop performance. Precisely, the “weak competitor” is most often of high yield potential due to a negative association between yielding and competitive ability. Therefore, the suggested procedure involves initial reproduction at nil-competition (widely spaced plants to preclude any plant-to-plant interference for inputs) where “off-type” and low yielding plants are omitted, followed by subsequent multiplication at dense stands. This may represent an effective cultural practice to improve also the landrace health status concerning seed-borne diseases in the absence of certification systems.
The Basolateral Amygdala Interacts with the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Regulating Glucocorticoid Effects on Working Memory Impairment

Previous findings indicate that the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA) interacts with other brain regions in regulating stress hormone effects on memory functions. Lesions of the BLA or infusions of a β-adrenoceptor antagonist into the BLA block glucocorticoid effects on both memory consolidation and retrieval when administered either systemically or directly into the hippocampus. The present experiments examined BLA and β-adrenoceptor involvement in regulating glucocorticoid effects on spatial working memory, a task that depends on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Male Sprague Dawley rats with bilateral sham- or NMDA-induced lesions of the BLA received either corticosterone (1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg, i.p.) systemically or the specific glucocorticoid receptor agonist 11β,17β-dihydroxy-6,21-dimethyl-17α-pregna-4,6-trien-20yn-3-one (RU 28362; 3.0 or 10.0 ng in 0.5 μl) into the mPFC shortly before testing on a delayed alternation task in a T-maze. Both glucocorticoid treatments induced comparable impairments in working memory performance in sham-lesioned controls. Although lesions of the BLA alone did not affect working memory, BLA lesions blocked the impairment induced by either corticosterone or RU 28362. Likewise, systemic injections of the centrally acting β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol (2.0 mg/kg, i.p.) given before testing prevented corticosterone-induced working memory impairment. These findings indicate that BLA activity is essential for enabling glucocorticoid effects in the mPFC on working memory and suggest that stress hormone-induced modulation of working memory involves noradrenergic activation.
The Prediction of Above-Average Participation in Volunteerism: A Test of the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Volunteers Functions Inventory in Older Australian Adults

In the present prospective study of 81 older volunteers from a nonprofit organization in Australia, the authors compared the predictive utility of I. Ajzen's (1988) theory of planned behavior with that of E. G. Clary and M. Snyder's (1991) functional approach to volunteering. The authors mailed questionnaires to 385 volunteers in two waves of data collection. The first wave measured theory-of-planned-behavior variables and functional-approach variables. The second wave measured self-reported volunteering behavior for the previous month. Regression analyses supported both the theory of planned behavior and the functional approach; the theory of planned behavior accounted for a significantly larger proportion of variance in above-average participation in self-reported volunteerism. The findings of the present study provided some support for both the theory of planned behavior and the functional approach as models of self-reported volunteerism.
Studies on the spring rise phenomenon in ovine helminthiasis. I. Spring rise in stabled sheep.

Serial ova count studies were conducted to determine some of the characteristics of the spring rise in faecal shedding of nematode ova by parasitized sheep in flocks in the Montreal area. It was discovered that substantial spring rises occurred in most ewes following their lambing but that great variation existed in the magnitude, duration, and pattern of the rises. Although rams did not display increased ova counts, a slight but well-defined rise developed in one unbred ewe. Larval studies in ewes parasitized by a variety of nematode species, revealed that Haemonchus contortus was the major contributor to the spring rise in faecal ova output. Preparturient treatment of ewes with thiabendazole(1), at the rate of 100 mg. /kg. of body weight, suppressed spring rise but failed to arrest completely the faecal shedding of nematode ova.
Experimental Investigation of Rate-Based and Delay-Tolerant Transmission Mechanisms over GEO-Satellite Communication Links

Some work has been done in evaluating the performance of CFDP and the rate-based SCPS-pure rate control over space communication channels. In this paper, we present an experimental performance comparison between SCPS-pure rate control and the CFDP in the deferred mode over a simulated geostationary earth orbit (GEO) communication link. We intend to see which protocol is more effective in coping with a long GEO-satellite link delay, especially when hybridized with a high bit-error-rate (BER), and which one has throughput performance advantage over another. Based on the analysis of the experimental results, we found that the rate-based SCPS-pure rate control outperforms CFDP and standard TCP with a much higher throughput, and the throughput advantage becomes more pronounced when the channel rates are asymmetric. Quantitatively, SCPS-pure rate control has a performance advantage around 6600 bytes/sec over symmetric channel and around 8500 bytes/sec over asymmetric channel in comparison to CFDP-TCP and Linux-TCP.