Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conditionally Optimal Parallel Coloring of Forests

We show the first conditionally optimal deterministic algorithm for $3$-coloring forests in the low-space massively parallel computation (MPC) model. Our algorithm runs in $O(\log \log n)$ rounds and uses optimal global space. The best previous algorithm requires $4$ colors [Ghaffari, Grunau, Jin, DISC'20] and is randomized, while our algorithm are inherently deterministic. Our main technical contribution is an $O(\log \log n)$-round algorithm to compute a partition of the forest into $O(\log n)$ ordered layers such that every node has at most two neighbors in the same or higher layers. Similar decompositions are often used in the area and we believe that this result is of independent interest. Our results also immediately yield conditionally optimal deterministic algorithms for maximal independent set and maximal matching for forests, matching the state of the art [Giliberti, Fischer, Grunau, SPAA'23]. In contrast to their solution, our algorithms are not based on derandomization, and are arguably simpler.
Hydrostatic Pressure-Induced Anomalous Enhancement in the Thermoelectric Performance of Monolayer MoS2

The hydrostatic pressure induced changes in the transport properties of monolayer (ML) MoS$_2$ have been investigated using first-principles density functional theory based calculations. The application of pressure induces shift in the conduction band minimum (CBM) from K to $\Lambda$, while retaining the band extrema at K in around the same energy at a pressure of 10 GPa. This increase in valley degeneracy is found to have a significant impact on the electronic transport properties of ML-MoS$_2$ via enhancement of the thermopower (S) by up to 140\% and power factor (S$^{2}$$\sigma$/$\tau$) by up to 310\% at 300 K. Besides, the very low deformation potential (E$_\text{DP}$) associated with the CB-$\Lambda$ valley results in a remarkably high electronic mobility ($\mu$) and relaxation time ($\tau$). Additionally, the application of pressure reduces the room temperature lattice thermal conductivity ($\kappa_\text{L}$) by 20\% of its unstrained value, owing to the increased anharmonicity and resulting increase in the intrinsic phonon scattering rates. The hydrostatic pressure induced increase in power factor (S$^{2}$$\sigma$) and the decrease in $\kappa_\text{L}$ act in unison to result in a substantial improvement in the overall thermoelectric performance (zT) of ML-MoS$_2$. At 900 K with an external pressure of 25 GPa, zT values of 1.63 and 1.21 are obtained for electron and hole doping, respectively, which are significantly higher compared to the zT values at zero pressure. For the implementation in a thermoelectric module where both n-type and p-type legs should be preferably made of the same material, the concomitant increase in zT of ML-MoS$_2$ for both types of doping with hydrostatic pressure can be highly beneficial.
NAJADS: a self-contained framework for the direct determination of astrophysical J-factors

Cosmological simulations play a pivotal role in understanding the properties of the dark matter (DM) distribution in both galactic and galaxy-cluster environments. The characterization of DM structures is crucial for informing indirect DM searches, aiming at the detection of the annihilation (or decay) products of DM particles. A fundamental quantity in these analyses is the astrophysical J-factor. In the DM phenomenology community, J-factors are typically computed through the semi-analytical modelling of the DM mass distribution, which is affected by large uncertainties. With the scope of addressing and possibly reducing these uncertainties, we present NAJADS, a self-contained framework to derive the DM J-factor directly from the raw simulations data. We show how this framework can be used to compute all-sky maps of the J-factor, automatically accounting for the complex 3D structure of the simulated halos and for the boosting of the signal due to the density fluctuations along the line of sight. After validating our code, we present a proof-of-concept application of NAJADS to a realistic halo from the IllustrisTNG suite, and exploit it to make a thorough comparison between our numerical approach and traditional semi-analytical methods.
Flow and heat transfer characteristics over rectangular blocked surfaces

Heat transfer and flow measurements were recorded over blocked surfaces to investigate the effects of flow velocity and block shape on flow separation and heat transfer. The results indicated that the flow separation occurred particularly on the first block and after the last blocks. The flow separation and block thickness resulted in higher turbulence and heat transfer, particularly in laminar flow. The average Stanton number increased as high as 125% in laminar, 80% in transitional, and 50% in turbulent flows above those of flat plate values. A new empirical equation indicated a good agreement with the experimental and numerical results.
Modeling circular inductors coupled to a semi-infinite magnetic medium considering the proximity effect

Abstract This paper presents a simple 2D electromagnetic model that solves the high-frequency current distribution, considering the proximity effect, in a planar spiral coil above a linear conductive or non-conductive semi-infinite magnetic medium. The conductive regions are divided into axisymmetric elements in which the current is assumed constant. The current flowing in each element depends on its complex impedance and is computed by Kirchhoff’s circuit law. To take the effect of the magnetic medium into account, a new set of mutual inductance formulas are presented. Those formulas are expressed in terms of elliptic integrals and the fast-converging arithmetic–geometric mean iteration of Gauss. The geometric mean distance method is used to deal with elements of arbitrarily shaped cross-section. Elliptic integrals are also used to express the magnetic flux density. The current distribution, the magnetic field and the equivalent impedance computed with the multifilament model agree well with the results obtained using commercial finite element software.
Direct numerical simulation of wind turbulence over breaking waves

We study wind turbulence over breaking waves based on direct numerical simulation (DNS) of two-fluid flows. In the DNS, the air and water are simulated as a coherent system, with the interface captured using the coupled level-set and volume-of-fluid method. Because the wave breaking is an unsteady process, we use ensemble averaging over 100 runs to define turbulence statistics. We focus on analysing the turbulence statistics of the airflow over breaking waves. The effects of wave age and wave steepness are investigated. It is found that before wave breaking, the turbulence statistics are largely influenced by the wave age. The vertical gradient of mean streamwise velocity is positive at small and intermediate wave ages, but it becomes negative near the wave surface at large wave age as the pressure force changes from drag to thrust. Furthermore, wave-coherent motions make increasingly important contributions to the momentum flux and kinetic energy of velocity fluctuations (KE-F) as the wave age increases. During the wave breaking process, spilling breakers do not influence the wind field significantly; in contrast, plunging breakers alter the structures of wind turbulence near the wave surface drastically. It is observed from the DNS results that during wave plunging, a high pressure region occurs ahead of the wave front, which further accelerates the wind in the downstream direction. Meanwhile, a large spanwise vortex is generated, which greatly disturbs the airflow around it, resulting in large magnitudes of Reynolds stress and turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) below the wave crest. Above the crest, the magnitude of KE-F is enhanced during wave plunging at small and large wave ages, but at intermediate wave age, the transient enhancement of KE-F is absent. The effect of wave breaking on the magnitude of KE-F is further investigated through the analysis of the KE-F production. It is discovered that at small wave age, the transient enhancement of KE-F is caused by the appearance of a local maximum in the profile of total momentum flux; but at large wave age, it results from the change in the sign of the KE-F production from negative to positive, due to the sign change in the wave-coherent momentum flux. At intermediate wave age, neither of these two processes is present, and the transient growth of KE-F does not take place.
Connecting the dots, high field ballistic supercurrents

We study the flow of supercurrents between two superconducting contacts connected by a 2d layer of graphene. We use a Markov chain Monte Carlo method to find Andreev bound states for circular electron trajectories. Using sample trajectories we estimate the currents as function of the superconducting phase difference between the contacts and the magnetic field.
The development and arithmetic foundations of early functional thinking

Functional reasoning is a key strand of early algebrai-zation. This paper presents a cross-sectional study that analysed functional thinking in a sample of 94 elementary school students. Aspects such as following and identifying covariation rules showed dramatic differences between Grade 2, Grade 4, and Grade 6, whereas increases in the abilities to command verbal and symbolic representations were much smaller. After controlling for the influence of nonverbal reasoning, overall functional reasoning was found to be strongly associated with calculation skills, but not with skills such as counting, the understanding of numerals, and arithmetic problem solving. These results are discussed in terms of the nature of functional reasoning and its relationships to the arithmetical skills learnt during elementary education.
Short Bunch Operation Mode Development at the Synchrotron Radiation Source Siberia-2

Decrease of the electron bunch length gives rise to coherent synchrotron radiation in the THz spectral region. Also, the short photons pulse could provide an option for time-resolved processes studies. Currently the possibility to operate with short electron bunch of the synchrotron radiation source Siberia-2 is under consideration for this purpose. In the report the techniques of electron bunch shortening are described as well as the requirements are given for the electron bunch and lattice parameters. The authors present a modified lattice for the synchrotron radiation source Siberia-2 with low momentum compaction factor and the results of the beam dynamics studies.
Sensitivity analysis of Land surface schemes along with spinup time in WRF model for Precipitation

This paper is divided into two sections. First section tells us about the spin up time period. A sensitivity analysis has been done by taking 0hr, 24hr and 48 hr spin up time to know the accuracy of results which depend on spin up time. This spin up analysis has been done by taking different land surface parameterization schemes available in WRF model. The second part deals with the best suited scheme validation for precipitation for 3 and 4 September 2012. The results shows that as the spinup time period increase the accuracy of results increased. Noah Land surface parameterization scheme is giving us best result both in terms of precipitation.
Situatedness of School Choice among Muslim Students: An Intersectional Approach

So far research on school choice sets (decision about choosing a school from an available set of schools) has primarily regarded parents as key actors. Moving beyond, this article emphasises that children are important actors as they inform parental decisions to co-produce certain choice sets. This article foregrounds how school-going Muslim children’s experiences interact with their families to produce school choices across public and private schools in Bangalore, India, while accounting for their marginalisation at the intersections of religion, class and gender. Data were collected from 4 school sites using 21 focus group discussions with 190 children and in-depth interviews with 56 children, 14 teachers and 3 parents and analysed using an intersectional framework. Our findings suggest that factors like heterogeneities in social class, differential levels of religious discrimination/exclusion in schools and a need to protect their faith through education and the complex overlap between these were crucial in shaping choices.
Chemical-Enantiomeric Characterization and In-Vitro Biological Evaluation of the Essential Oils from Elsholtzia strobilifera (Benth.) Benth. and E. blanda (Benth.) Benth. from Nepal

Background: Essential oils (EOs) are one of the most important groups of plant secondary metabolites responsible for their various biological activities. They also have wide applications as natural ingredients in many fields like the food, cosmetic, and medicine industries. This study was conducted to determine the chemical composition, enantiomeric distribution, and in-vitro biological activities of Elsholtzia strobilifera (Benth.) Benth. and E. blanda (Benth.) Benth. essential oils of Lamiaceae from Nepal. Methods: Essential oils obtained from hydro-distillation were analyzed by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC–MS) for their chemical constituents and the enantiomeric distribution of chiral terpenoids were determined by chiral GC–MS. Microbroth dilution was used to investigate the in-vitro antimicrobial activity, while cytotoxic activities were determined by cell viability using a Cell Counting Kit assay. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging and FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant power) assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant activities. Results: A total of 55 compounds were identified in E. strobilifera with pinocarvone (40.7%), β-pinene (10%) and cis-pinocamphone (7.9%) as predominant constituents. While, 41 compounds were identified in the E. blanda EOs, including dihydrotagetone (49.1%), (Z)-tagetone (15.6%) and (E)-tagetone (8%) as major components; both essential oils were dominated by oxygenated monoterpenoids. The chiral separation and analyses of 12, E. strobilifera and 7, E. blanda essential oil components were performed, respectively, where (–)-β-caryophyllene and (–)-germacrene D were detected as enantiomerically pure in both oils. Elsholtzia EOs exhibited strong antifungal activity with MIC value of 156.3 µg/mL against Aspergillus niger, whereas, E. strobilifera EO against Staphylococcus epidermidis and E. blanda EO against Staphylococcus aureus showed inhibitory effects with MIC values of 156.3 µg/mL. E. strobilifera EO showed very active in-vitro cytotoxicity against the NIH-3T3 cell line with IC50 of 20.2 µg/mL, whereas E. blanda EO displayed effective cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell line with IC50 of 33.1 µg/mL. The antioxidant activity of E. strobilifera EO was relatively good with IC50 of 188.8 ± 0.7 µg/mL in DPPH and EC50 value of 348.0 ± 0.1 µg/mL in FRAP, as compared to that of E. blanda EO. Conclusion: Elsholtzia EOs showed prominent biological activities emphasizing their importance as natural ingredients.
Risk of sexual dysfunctions in breastfeeding females: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Epidemiological studies do not provide accurate statistics on the percentage of breastfeeding women experiencing sexual dysfunctions and restraining from sexual activity. The data vary between 40% and 83% in the first group and 20–50% in the second one. Despite excessive studies on contributors to intimacy changes, breast feeding received little attention from researchers. The relationship between lactation and postpartum sexual dysfunctions remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis will synthesise available data and establish the link between breast feeding and sexuality problems. Methods and analysis A comprehensive literature search will be performed in biomedical databases PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE and CINAHL. We will extract peer-reviewed original studies written in English, Arabic or Polish from 2000 to June 2023. We will also search for reports from international health organisations and local health authorities. The preliminary search was performed on 04 April 2023. The studies must provide data on dysfunction prevalence/incidence and the strength of the relationship between breast feeding and sexuality in generally healthy women. The Covidence software will be used to perform literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment of individual studies. We will use a random-effects model meta-analysis to calculate pooled weighted frequency measures and effect size. Between-study heterogeneity will be assessed with the I2 test. Ethics and dissemination This meta-analysis does not require ethical approval because it synthesises data from previously published original studies. The final work will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences. PROSPERO registration number CRD42023411053.
Prediction of knee joint pain in Tai Chi practitioners: a cross-sectional machine learning approach

Objective To build a supervised machine learning-based classifier, which can accurately predict whether Tai Chi practitioners may experience knee pain after years of exercise. Design A prospective approach was used. Data were collected using face-to-face through a self-designed questionnaire. Setting Single centre in Shanghai, China. Participants A total of 1750 Tai Chi practitioners with a course of Tai Chi exercise over 5 years were randomly selected. Measures All participants were measured by a questionnaire survey including personal information, Tai Chi exercise pattern and Irrgang Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living Scale. The validity of the questionnaire was analysed by logical analysis and test, and the reliability of this questionnaire was mainly tested by a re-test method. Dataset 1 was established by whether the participant had knee pain, and dataset 2 by whether the participant’s knee pain affected daily living function. Then both datasets were randomly assigned to a training and validating dataset and a test dataset in a ratio of 7:3. Six machine learning algorithms were selected and trained by our dataset. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the performance of the trained models, which determined the best prediction model. Results A total of 1703 practitioners completed the questionnaire and 47 were eliminated for lack of information. The total reliability of the scale is 0.94 and the KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy) value of the scale validity was 0.949 (>0.7). The CatBoost algorithm-based machine-learning model achieved the best predictive performance in distinguishing practitioners with different degrees of knee pain after Tai Chi practice. ‘Having knee pain before Tai Chi practice’, ‘knee joint warm-up’ and ‘duration of each exercise’ are the top three factors associated with pain after Tai Chi exercise in the model. ‘Having knee pain before Tai Chi practice’, ‘Having Instructor’ and ‘Duration of each exercise’ were most relevant to whether pain interfered with daily life in the model. Conclusion CatBoost-based machine learning classifier accurately predicts knee pain symptoms after practicing Tai Chi. This study provides an essential reference for practicing Tai Chi scientifically to avoid knee pain.
Sur une conjecture de Howe. I

© Foundation Compositio Mathematica, 1985, tous droits réservés. L’accès aux archives de la revue « Compositio Mathematica » (http: //http://www.compositio.nl/) implique l’accord avec les conditions générales d’utilisation (http://www.numdam.org/legal.php). Toute utilisation commerciale ou impression systématique est constitutive d’une infraction pénale. Toute copie ou impression de ce fichier doit contenir la présente mention de copyright.
Représentation étoile du revêtement universel du groupe hyperbolique et formule de Plancherel

Dans cette these nous appliquons le programme de description et de construction des representations unitaires irreductibles (R. U. I), par deformation (produit etoile) des algebres de fonctions sur les orbites coadjointes, au groupe revetement universel du groupe hyperbolique qu'on note : G. Dans le chapitre 1, on se contente de rappeler les definitions associees au groupe G, ainsi que ses R. U. I qui sont classees traditionnellement en trois series : serie principale, serie discrete et serie complementaire. Dans le chapitre 2, on explicite les representations de la serie principale a l'aide d'un produit etoile equivalent au produit de Moyal. On definit ensuite l'exponentielle etoile. Ainsi, on donne la definition de la restriction de la transformee de Fourier adaptee a l'orbite. Dans le chapitre 3, on definit et on decrit la deformation de l'algebre des fonctions sur les orbites associees aux representations de la serie discrete de G et on rappelle la construction des etats coherents et des symboles de Berezin. Dans la partie 4, on realise la serie complementaire de G comme etoile representation, en utilisant le produit de Moyal sur RxT et une realisation de l'algebre de Lie g de G en fonctions complexes sur RxT, qui est une deformation d'une parametrisation du cone. Dans la partie 5, on choisit une mesure de Lebesque sur le dual g* de g et on definit la transformee de Fourier adaptee globale E en recollant les deux morceaux correspondant aux series principales et discrete. Enfin, en utilisant la formule de Plancherel de G, on montre que la transformee de Fourier adaptee est une transformation unitaire entre L2 (G) et l'espace des fonctions de carree etoile integrables sur g*, et que la formule de Plancherel est obtenue en inversant E
Advanced High Turning Compressor Airfoils for Low Reynolds Number Condition: Part 2 — Experimental and Numerical Analysis

Part 1 of this paper describes the design and optimization of two high turning subsonic compressor cascades operating as an outlet guide vane (OGV) behind a single stage low pressure turbine at low Reynolds number condition (Re = 1.3×105 ). In the numerical optimization algorithm, the design point and off-design performance has been considered in an objective function to achieve a wide low loss incidence range. The objective of the present paper is to examine some of the characteristics describing the new airfoils as well as to prove the reliability of the design process and the applied flow solver. Some aerodynamic characteristics for the two new airfoils and a conventional controlled diffusion airfoil (CDA), have been extensively investigated in the cascade wind tunnel of DLR Cologne. For an inlet Mach number of 0.6 the effect of Reynolds number and incidence angle on each airfoil performance is discussed, based on experimental and numerical results. For an interpretation of the airfoil boundary layer behavior, results of some boundary layer calculations are compared to oil flow visualization pictures. The design goal of an increased low loss incidence range at low Reynolds number condition could be confirmed without having a negative effect on the high Reynolds number region.Copyright © 2003 by ASME