Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wind estimates from cloud motions - Phase 1 of an in situ aircraft verification experiment

Abstract An initial experiment has been conducted to verify geostationary-satellite-derived cloud motion wind estimates with in situ aircraft wind velocity measurements. The experiment was conducted during December 1972 over the Caribbean Sea with the following aircraft: the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Buffalo and Sabreliner, and NASA and U.S. Air Force RB-57F's. The Buffalo and Sabreliner were used for in situ wind velocity measurements and cloud height determinations, and the RB-57F's for precision aerial photogrammetry. Case histories of ½ to 2 h were obtained for 3–10 km diameter cumulus cloud systems on 6 days. Also, one cirrus cloud case was obtained. In most cases the clouds were discrete enough that both the cloud motion and the ambient wind could be measured with the same aircraft Inertial Navigation System (INS). Since the INS drift error is the same for both the cloud motion and wind measurements, the drift error drops out of the relative motion determinations. The magnitude.
Verification of a two‐dimensional/three‐dimensional hybrid ray‐tracing method for spatiotemporal channel modeling

Spatiotemporal channel modeling is fundamental to the design and implementation of future high‐speed wireless communication systems. This paper investigates a two‐dimensional‐three‐dimensional (2‐D/3‐D) hybrid ray‐tracing method for outdoor microcellular and picocellular urban environments. It also explores the spatiotemporal channel model derived from this ray‐tracing method. This 2‐D/3‐D ray‐tracing method launches rays in a horizontal plane and establishes ray paths in three‐dimensional (3‐D) space. Partition vector incorporates other acceleration techniques to produce a method that reduces tracing time. The conventional verification of path loss and delay profiles predicted by ray tracing was extended to include the verification of angle of arrival (AOA). The results prove the necessity of extension and verify that path loss and delay profiles cannot fully confirm the accuracy of ray tracing in a spatial domain. A good level of accuracy was observed in the comparison of three key areas: (1) path loss, (2) delay profile, and (3) AOA. Degradation of prediction accuracy caused by incorrectly predicted phases in ray tracing was investigated, and improvements were made by incorporating a “random‐phase” approach. It was found that measured path loss and delay profiles are almost fully confined within the 90% confidence interval, proving that the approach can account for the degradation effects caused by inaccurate antenna positions. The applicability of limited‐band and limited beam width channel parameters transformed from ray‐tracing results is also examined in the sense of an azimuth delay profile. The confirmation of the accuracy of the profile with measurement prepares ground for the use of ray‐tracing approaches to analyze system performance in real environments.
Resveratrol: Its Path from Isolation to Therapeutic Action in Eye Diseases

Due to the confirmed therapeutic potential of resveratrol (Rv) for eye diseases, namely its powerful anti-angiogenic and antioxidant effects, this molecule must be studied more deeply. Nowadays, the pharmaceutic and pharmacokinetic available studies offer a troubling picture because of its low stability and bioavailability. To overcome this problem, researchers started to design and create different delivery systems that could improve the delivery amount of Rv. Therefore, this review aims to shed light on the proper and efficient techniques to isolate, purify and quantify the Rv molecule, and how this therapeutic molecule can be a part of a delivery system. The Rv great impact on aspects regarding its stability, bioavailability and absorption are also debated here, based on the existent literature on in vitro and in vivo human and animal studies. Moreover, after its absorption the Rv influence at the molecular level in ocular pathologies is described. In addition, the present review summarizes the available literature about Rv, hoping that Rv will gain more attention to investigate its unexplored side.
Statistical Optimisation of Chemical Stability of Hybrid Microwave-Sintered Alumina Ceramics in Nitric Acid

The goal of this research is the statistical optimisation of the chemical stability of hybrid microwave-sintered alumina ceramics in nitric acid. The chemical stability of ceramic materials in corrosive media depends on many parameters, such as the chemical and phase composition of the ceramics, the properties of the aggressive medium (concentration, temperature, and pressure), and the exposure time. Therefore, the chemical stability of alumina ceramics in different aqueous nitric acid solution concentrations (0.50 mol dm−3, 1.25 mol dm−3, and 2.00 mol dm−3), different exposure times (up to 10 days), as well as different temperatures (25, 40, and 55 °C), was investigated, modelled, and optimised. The chemical stability of high purity alumina ceramics (99.8345 wt.% of Al2O3) was determined by measuring the amount of eluted ions (Al3+, Ca2+, Fe3+, Mg2+, Na+, and Si4+) obtained by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The changes in the density of alumina ceramics during the chemical stability monitoring were also determined. The Box–Behnken approach was employed to reach the optimum conditions for obtaining the highest possible chemical stability of alumina at a given temperature range, exposure time, and molar concentration of nitric acid. It was found that an increase in exposure time, temperature, and nitric acid concentration led to an increase in the elution of ions from hybrid microwave-sintered alumina. Higher amounts of eluted ions, Al3+ (14.805 µg cm−2), Ca2+ (7.079 µg cm−2), Fe3+ (0.361 µg cm−2), Mg2+ (3.654 µg cm−2), and Na+ ions (13.261 µg cm−2), were obtained at 55 °C in the 2 mol dm− 3 nitric acid. The amount of eluted Si4+ ions is below the detection limit of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The change in the alumina ceramic density during the corrosion test was negligible.
Irisin enhances longevity by boosting SIRT1, AMPK, autophagy and telomerase

Abstract Ageing is characterised by the accumulation of molecular and cellular damage through time, leading to a decline in physical and mental abilities. Currently, society has experienced a rapid increase in life expectancy, which has led to an increase in age-associated diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to study the process of ageing to guarantee the best conditions in the final stages of life. In recent years, interest has increased in a myokine known as irisin, which is secreted during physical exercise. This polypeptide hormone is produced by various organs, mainly muscle, and once it is released into the blood, it performs a wide variety of functions that are involved in metabolic control and may be relevant during some of the diseases associated with ageing. The aim of this review is to highlight the recent studies of irisin, such as its mechanism of expression, blood release, distribution, tissue target and participation in various cellular metabolic reactions and the relationship with key anti-ageing pathways such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, silent information regulator T 1, autophagy and telomerase. In conclusion, irisin is a key player during the ageing process and it could be a novel target molecule for the therapeutic approach to boost longevity pathways. However, more research will be necessary to use this promising hormone for this gain.
MetaLab-MAG: A Metaproteomic Data Analysis Platform for Genome-Level Characterization of Microbiomes from the Metagenome-Assembled Genomes Database

The studies of microbial communities have drawn increased attention in various research fields such as agriculture, environment, and human health. Recently, metaproteomics has become a powerful tool to interpret the roles of the community members by investigating the expressed proteins of the microbes. However, analyzing the metaproteomic data sets at genome resolution is still challenging because of the lack of efficient bioinformatics tools. Here we develop MetaLab-MAG, a specially designed tool for the characterization of microbiomes from metagenome-assembled genomes databases. MetaLab-MAG was evaluated by analyzing various human gut microbiota data sets and performed comparably or better than searching the gene catalog protein database directly. MetaLab-MAG can quantify the genome-level microbiota compositions and supports both label-free and isobaric labeling-based quantification strategies. MetaLab-MAG removes the obstacles of metaproteomic data analysis and provides the researchers with in-depth and comprehensive information from the microbiomes.
Optimal model reduction of discrete-time systems

Closed-form expressions of transfer function responses are used in this paper towards model-reduction of nth order discrete-time systems. The contribution of each eigenvalue to the output for a unit step input is evaluated, thus defining the dominant eigenvalues. The reduced-order model is set up retaining the most contributing eigenvalues, maintaining the same DC gain as the original system, but leaving other numerator coefficients to be determined. Then a cost function is formed measuring the discrete pulse response deviation between the original and the reduced-order model. The cost function is subsequently minimized, rendering new numerator coefficients for the reduced model. The resulting reduced-order model is easily computed, maintains stability for an originally stable system, and renders time responses practically identical to the original system.
In vivo imaging of scattering and absorption properties of exposed brain using a digital red-green-blue camera

We investigate a method to estimate the spectral images of reduced scattering coefficients and the absorption coefficients of in vivo exposed brain tissues in the range from visible to near-infrared wavelength (500-760 nm) based on diffuse reflectance spectroscopy using a digital RGB camera. In the proposed method, the multi-spectral reflectance images of in vivo exposed brain are reconstructed from the digital red, green blue images using the Wiener estimation algorithm. The Monte Carlo simulation-based multiple regression analysis for the absorbance spectra is then used to specify the absorption and scattering parameters of brain tissue. In this analysis, the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin and that of deoxygenated hemoglobin are estimated as the absorption parameters whereas the scattering amplitude a and the scattering power b in the expression of μs'=aλ-b as the scattering parameters, respectively. The spectra of absorption and reduced scattering coefficients are reconstructed from the absorption and scattering parameters, and finally, the spectral images of absorption and reduced scattering coefficients are estimated. The estimated images of absorption coefficients were dominated by the spectral characteristics of hemoglobin. The estimated spectral images of reduced scattering coefficients showed a broad scattering spectrum, exhibiting larger magnitude at shorter wavelengths, corresponding to the typical spectrum of brain tissue published in the literature. In vivo experiments with exposed brain of rats during CSD confirmed the possibility of the method to evaluate both hemodynamics and changes in tissue morphology due to electrical depolarization.
Selectivity of growth on patterned GaAs (311)A substrates

We report on the selectivity of growth on patterned GaAs (311)A substrates by solid‐source molecular beam epitaxy. For mesa stripes oriented along the [01‐1] direction, the selectivity of growth is qualitatively different from that on patterned GaAs (100) substrates with a higher growth rate on one of the side facets of the stripes. This growth mode develops a convex curved surface profile enclosing thicker wirelike regions of GaAs due to preferential migration of Ga atoms from both sides toward the sidewall leaving behind thinner regions on the adjacent mesa top and bottom areas. A mechanism for the formation of the surface profile is proposed.
Some Magnetostatic and Micromagnetic Properties of the Infinite Rectangular Bar

In estimating the nucleation field of an infinite rectangular bar, Aharoni used a variational method to calculate a lower bound to the magnetostatic energy. He constrained the variable potential to a specified form inside an ellipse circumscribed about the rectangle. In the present article, the method is improved by imposing the constraint only inside the rectangle itself. The resulting potential problem can be reduced to that of a bar of infinite permeability in an applied field of specified form; the final results can be expressed in terms of the demagnetizing factors Dx∞ and Dy∞ of such a bar. Similarly, an upper bound to the energy can be expressed in terms of the demagnetizing factors Dx0 and Dy0 of a bar of zero permeability. For rotation in quasiunison, the new lower bound to the nucleation field is considerably better than the old, but the new upper bound is not as good as that already obtained by constraining the magnetization to uniformity. New tables of Dx∞,Dy∞,Nx∞ (≡4πDx∞), and Ny∞ (≡4πDy∞) as.
Homotopy and Quantization in Condensed Matter Physics

It is shown that the integers found by Thouless et al. in the quantized Hall effect are the only quantized quantities associated with the energy bands. It is also proved that if two bands touch and then come apart as a parameter is varied, then their individual integers (conductances) may not be preserved but their sum is preserved.
Robust Reset Controller Design for Switched Nonlinear Uncertain Systems

This paper presents a design of a robust switching reset controller for a class of nonlinear uncertain switched systems. We consider the norm-bounded time-varying parameter uncertainties in switched nonlinear systems obeyed by the average dwell-time switching signal. The proposed switching reset controller uses the measured output in resetting the controller’s states, whereas the previous studies did not. A weighted mixed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {L}_{2}/l_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-gain is introduced to take into account the discrete disturbances induced by the measured output when resetting the controller’s states. The proposed reset controller and switched nonlinear uncertain plant form a closed-loop system that is a class of nonlinear impulsive switched uncertain systems. Hence, we first provide sufficient conditions for the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {L}_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> stability of the nonlinear impulsive switched uncertain systems. Based on the conditions, we propose linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based design conditions to choose the dynamic output feedback control and output feedback reset laws guaranteeing the weighted mixed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {L}_{2}/l_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-gain performance of the controlled systems with continuous and discrete disturbances. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
MATHEMATICAL COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT IN PRIMARY SCHOOL PHYSICAL EDUCATION CONTEXTS DESEMPEÑO

The aim of the present research was to determine to what extent the teaching resource designed in the context of Physical Education in 4 th grade fostered mathematical competence development in the students. For the didactic intervention, a program was designed that presented the students with contextualized problem situations in Physical Education environments. Sixty-eight students were asked to design and implement a plan to solve the proposed situations using their mathematical knowledge and working cooperatively. A case study was designed, yielding quantitative-qualitative results. Data were collected through participant observation, field notes, questionnaires and interviews. The results showed that the students applied competence mathematical skills at medium-to-high performance levels. This learning evidence was supported by the fact that the students recognised the mathematical contents learnt and the role of mathematics in Physical Education. In addition, the mathematics teachers observed good command of content that had not been addressed in class.
Leptomeningeal Metastasis in Gliomas : Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors

Objective Our objective is to analyze the occurrence, clinical course and risk factors for glioma patients with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) according to different metastasis patterns and clinical variables. Methods We retrospectively reviewed data from 376 World Health Organization (WHO) grade II–IV adult glioma patients who were treated in the National Cancer Center from 2001 to 2020. Patients who underwent surgery at other institutions, those without initial images or those with pathologically unconfirmed cases were excluded. LM was diagnosed based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology. The metastasis pattern was categorized as nodular or linear according to the enhancement pattern. Tumor proximity to the CSF space was classified as involved or separated, whereas location of the tumor was dichotomized as midline, for tumors residing in the thalamus, basal ganglia and brainstem, or lateral, for tumors residing in the cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres. Results A total of 138 patients were enrolled in the study. A total of 44 patients (38%) were diagnosed with LM during a median follow-up of 9 months (range, 0–60). Among the clinical variables, tumor proximity to CSF space, the location of the tumor and the WHO grade were significant factors for LM development in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, the midline location of the tumor and WHO grade IV gliomas were the most significant factor for LM development. The hazard ratio was 2.624 for midline located gliomas (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.384–4.974; p=0.003) and 3.008 for WHO grade IV gliomas (95% CI, 1.379–6.561; p=0.006). Conclusion Midline location and histological grading are an important factor for LM in glioma patients. The proximity to the CSF circulation pathway is also an important factor for WHO grade IV glioma LM. Patients carrying high risks should be followed up more thoroughly.
Multidrug resistance-encoding gene in Citrobacter freundii isolated from healthy laying chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia

Background and Aim: The increasing prevalence of resistance (MDR) of Enterobacteriaceae in Indonesia has caused concern regarding human health. Citrobacter freundii reportedly targets the gastrointestinal tract of animals and is a common cause of foodborne diseases associated with diarrhea, peritonitis, meningitis, brain abscess, bacteremia, and urinary tract infection. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MDR and the presence of Class 1 integron-encoding genes in C. freundii isolates obtained from cloacal swabs of healthy laying chickens in Blitar district, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: One hundred and sixty-five cloacal swab samples were collected from 33 farms in Blitar over a period of 4 months. Standard microbiological techniques such as bacterial culture in MacConkey agar, Simmons citrate agar, and triple sugar iron agar and biochemical tests such as the indole test were performed to identify the isolates. The antibiotic sensitivity patterns of C. freundii isolates were determined by the disk diffusion method, and MDR-encoding genes (Class 1 integron) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Out of 165 cloacal swab samples, 7 (4.24%) were positive for C. freundii. Citrobacter freundii was highly resistant to erythromycin (71.43%) and moderately to streptomycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (all 42.86%); however, it showed low resistance to ampicillin (28.57%). All isolates were found to exhibit MDR. Only 1 (14.29%) of the seven C. freundii isolates harbored a Class 1 integron gene. This study revealed that Class 1 integron-encoding genes have a low prevalence in C. freundii isolated from healthy laying chickens in Blitar, Indonesia. Conclusion: Poultry animals can play a role in the transmission of resistance genes to humans due to the MDR of Enterobacteriaceae, including C. freundii in the intestines.
A Trusted Communication Unit for Secure Tiled Hardware Architectures

Modern hardware and software in smart systems and devices need to provide high performance and energy efficiency and, at the same time, properly address security and privacy goals. $M3$ proposed a system architecture that integrates cores and accelerators within a tiled hardware architecture using a security-by-design approach. Each tile includes a hardware component called trusted communication unit (TCD), which isolates all tiles from each other so that no communication is possible by default. In this paper, we designed, developed, and synthesized the hardware components of the M3 system architecture comprising a network-on-chip, RISC-V cores, and TCDs. Latency measure-ments show that the timing overhead introduced by the data transfer and security features of the TCD is not significant compared to other latencies like cache accesses or software routines. Synthesis results reveal that the area overhead of the trusted system components is only 11 % when the system is scaled to a high number of processing tiles.
The Analysis of Energy Recovered during the Braking of an Electric Vehicle in Different Driving Conditions

The partial recovery of kinetic energy during braking allows the vehicle’s battery to be additionally charged and thus extends the range of an electric vehicle. Because of the different operating strategies of the braking energy recovery system, it is important to understand the factors influencing the level of recovered energy. The driving conditions at the place of use have a direct impact on the energy efficiency of an electric vehicle. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the energy recovered during braking in different driving conditions. The tests were based on the parameters of actual trips made along urban and suburban routes, and express roads. The collected actual speed profiles were used for the simulation studies. AVL cruise vehicle simulation software was used in the study. Simulation tests revealed that the levels of energy recovered during braking in an electric vehicle were the highest in urban conditions. The amount of energy recovered during urban driving can account for 20% of the total trip energy. In driving conditions characterized by different intensities caused by trips at different times of the day, similar values of recovered energy were recorded. When driving in the afternoon hours, the level of recovered energy per 1 km was about 2% lower than when driving in rush hour conditions. From the results presented in this paper, it can be concluded that driving conditions have an impact on the level of recovered energy. The type of road on which the electric vehicle drives is particularly important.
Metastable states in a microscopic model of traffic flow

It is a well known fact that metastable states of very high throughput and hysteresis effects exist in traffic flow, which the simple cellular automaton model of traffic flow and its continuous generalization fail to reproduce. It is shown that the model can be generalized to give a one-parametric family of models, a part of which reproduces the metastable states and the hysteresis. The models that have that property and those that do not that are separated by a transition that can be clearly identified.