Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geometric Morphometric Comparison of Namak Chub ( Squalius namak , Khaefi et al., 2016) in Rivers of Lake Namak Basin of Iran

Namak chub (Squalius namak Khaefi et al., 2016) is an endemic fish species in the inland waters of Namak Lake basin in central Iran. To investigate the patterns and the form changes using geometric morphometric methods, 77 specimens were collected from three rivers of the Namak basin. After anesthetizing in 1% clove oil solution and fixing in 10% neutralized formalin, the specimens were transferred to the Isfahan University of Technology Ichthyology Museum (IUT-IM) for further studies. Some 13 landmarks were made on the photographs taken from the left side of the fish to extract data from body for geometric morphometric analysis using digitization TpsDig2 software. Defined data, after Procrustes Analysis, were analysed by principal component analysis, canonical variate analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that there were significant differences among the studied populations (P<0.0001). Much of these differences are related to the head, mouth position, body depth, anal fin position and width of the caudal fin. This indicates that the there is a polymorphism associated with populations habitat conditions. The streamlined body shape was seen among populations as a common feature that for chub species was considered as an advantage in rivers.
Key travertine tectofacies for neotectonics and palaeoseismicity reconstruction: effects of hydrothermal overpressured fluid injection

Travertine deposits have long been considered as powerful tools for investigating neotectonics and reconstructing palaeoseismic events. We document, for the first time, the effects of overpressured hydrothermal fluids injected within travertine deposits. We also describe tectofacies interpreted as a consequence of coseismic events. Calcite veins, banded or massive, associated with hydrofracture and fluid-escape features, promoted hydrothermal eruptions and lithoclast formation in latest Quaternary travertine exposed in two quarries near Rapolano Terme (Northern Apennines, Italy). The isotopic composition of the calcite veins confirms the hydrothermal origin of the parent fluids and their rapid ascent, as indicated by the estimated palaeo-temperatures (43–50°C). Integration of U–Th ages obtained for the calcite veins with palaeoseismic evidence from a local archaeological site built at the top of one of the analysed travertine deposits suggests that hydrofracture and fluid-escape structures were associated with five main seismic events that occurred from the latest Pleistocene to the fourth century AD. In sum, the travertine tectofacies have a key role in better constraining the seismotectonic setting of a region and thus offer a powerful tool for the evaluation of seismic hazard for areas characterized by low seismicity and travertine deposition.
Short-Term Benefit from Core Stabilization Exercises in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background. Idiopathic scoliosis may affect adolescents’ physical development. This systematic review and meta-analysis determined the effectiveness of core stabilization exercises in improving clinical symptoms of idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents. Methods. We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase for randomized controlled studies investigating core stabilization exercise and idiopathic scoliosis. Two investigators independently extracted data based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the selected literature and we performed a meta-analysis to assess the clinical utility of core stabilization exercise for the improvement of patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Heterogeneity was assessed with the I2 statistic. Results. This systematic review and meta-analysis included 9 studies. Three of the studies revealed that core stabilization exercise improved Cobb’s angle (SMD: −1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): (−1.41, −0.72), and P < 0.001) in adolescents’ idiopathic scoliosis, but the subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in Cobb’s angle in the thoracic and lumbar segments (SMD: −0.25, 95% CI: (−0.55, 0.04), and P=0.89). In the angle of trunk rotation subgroup analyses (SMD: 0.35, 95% CI: (−0.01, 0.72), and P=0.33), there was no significant difference before and after core stabilization exercise treatment. Conclusions. The results showed a very short-term effect of core stabilization exercise on patients with idiopathic scoliosis. However, this study contains a relatively short period of research and more long-term research is needed in the future to support this conclusion.
Structural and Functional Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease

Background and Objectives: The pathophysiology of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD-MCI) is still not fully elucidated. It has been shown in a few studies in the literature that volume loss in the occipital, parietal and frontal cortices and atrophy in the hippocampus of PD-MCI patients can occur in the early stages of PD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between gray and white matter volumes and different neuropsychological tests and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging parameters in patients with mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD-MCI). Materials and Methods: Twenty-six PD-MCI and twenty-six healthy elderly (HC) were included in this study. Results: We found that Mini Mental State Examination, Trail Making Test Part A, Clock Drawing Test, Benton Line Judgment Orientation Test and pentagon figure-copying scores were impaired in PD-MCI patients due to the decrease in brain volumes. Conclusions: Our study revealed that among PD-MCI patients, there was a more noticeable decline in White matter volume (WMV) based on volumetric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) compared to the localized loss of GMV. We think that these abnormal neuropsychological tests in PD-MCI patients can be used as pretests in the evaluation of the stage of transition to dementia.
Early stroke disease prediction with facial features using convolutional neural network model

Past researcher has proposed computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance image (MRI) scan images as the most efficient ways to diagnose stroke disease. These methods are not only hectic and take much time but are also costly. This paper proposes a new approach to diagnosing this disease and gives a time and cost-efficient solution. We have offered a two-step solution to diagnose stroke disease in a patient using only the patient’s facial image. In the first step, we gathered a dataset of several stroke patients and normal persons. Then we applied several pre-processing operations, including red, green and blue (RGB) to grayscale conversion, scaling/ resizing, and normalization on dataset images before training them. In the second step, we trained the cropped images of their face regions and trained them using a convolutional neural network (CNN). We have successfully achieved an efficiency of 98%. The accuracy, precision, recall, and f-measure of the results were measured at 98%, 97%, 99%, and 98% respectively.
Climate Risks Resilience Development: A Bibliometric Analysis of Climate-Related Early Warning Systems in Southern Africa

Early warning systems (EWS) facilitate societies’ preparedness and effective response capabilities to climate risks. Climate risks embody hazards, exposure, and vulnerability associated with a particular geographical area. Building an effective EWS requires consideration of the factors above to help people with coping mechanisms. The objective of this paper is to propose an approach that can enhance EWSs and ensure an effective climate risk resilience development. The paper focuses on the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region and highlights the issues with EWS, identifying weaknesses and characteristics of EWS to help in climate risk adaptation strategies. The SADC region was chosen as the context because it is a climate variability and change hotspot with many vulnerable populations residing in rural communities. Trending themes on building climate risk resilience were uncovered through scientific mapping and network analysis of published articles from 2008 to 2022. This paper contributes to on-going research on building climate risks resilience through early warning systems to identify hidden trends and emerging technologies from articles in order to enhance the operationalization and design of EWS. This review provides insight into technological interventions for assessing climate risks to build preparedness and resilience. From the review analysis, it is determined that there exists a plethora of evidence to support the argument that involving communities in the co-designing of EWS would improve risk knowledge, anticipation, and preparedness. Additionally, Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies provide effective tools to address existing EWS’ weaknesses, such as lack of real-time data collection and automation. However, 4IR technology is still at a nascent stage in EWS applications in Africa. Furthermore, policy across societies, institutions, and technology industries ought to be coordinated and integrated to develop a strategy toward implementing climate resilient-based EWS to facilitate the operations of disaster risk managers. The Social, Institutional, and Technology model can potentially increase communities’ resilience; therefore, it is recommended to develop EWS.
Assessment of Deforestation, Land Use and Land Change Detection of Erode District for Two Decades (1990-2000) Using GIS Techniques and Image Processing

Deforestation is a contributor to global warming and is often cited as one of the major causes of the enhanced greenhouse effect. Tropical deforestation is responsible for approximately 20% of the world greenhouse gas emissions. Deforestation has been one of the first and main reasons for climatic change and global warming. The accuracy of change detection on the earth's surface is important for understanding the relationships and interactions between human and natural phenomena. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have the potential to provide accurate information regarding land use and land cover changes. In this paper, we examine the major techniques that are utilized to detect land use and land cover changes and deforestation. Image differencing and image rationing are easy to implement, but at times they do not provide accurate results. Hybrid change detection is a useful technique that makes full use of the benefits of many techniques, but it is complex and depends on the characteristics of the other techniques such as supervised and unsupervised classifications. Change vector analysis is complicated to implement, but it is useful for providing the direction and magnitude of change. Recently, artificial neural networks, chi-square, decision tree and image fusion have been frequently used in change detection. Research on integrating remote sensing data and GIS into change detection has also increased. Here we have analyzed one decade land use and land cover status of Erode District is analyzed. For analysis, high resolution satellite imagery is used. The land use change detections for the period from 1990 to 2000 are analyzed under GIS environment and images are processed using ERDAS software.
POETRY AS A COPING INSTRUMENT AND A TEACHING TOOL

The paper seeks to revive the interest of teachers and learners in poetry reading and writing as a means to teach English at intermediate and advanced levels. The paper demonstrates the results of the authors’ classroom experience during the enforced lockdown of 2020 in integrating poetry into English language class. The paper looks at poetry as a teaching tool and a coping strategy for students facing the negative consequences of the pandemic. First, the authors analyse the COVID-related poetry in English and Russian. They identify the key emotions people had been experiencing during the pandemic by finding key words, symbols and stylistic devices. The inclusion of English and Russian pieces provides certain culture specific interpretations of the new reality. Further, the authors analyze poems written in English by their students and assess the creative activity in terms of a coping strategy. The authors conclude that, provided the students are given examples of various genres, the activity enables them to reconsider their attitude to the pandemic in a constructive way. In more general terms, the authors conclude that the regular inclusion of poetry practices in English language classes can create a healthy and dynamic atmosphere which in turn may contribute to enhancing the teaching efficiency.
Marine Bioprospecting: Enzymes and Stress Proteins from the Sea Anemones Anthopleura dowii and Lebrunia neglecta

The bioprospecting of sea anemone tissues and secretions has revealed that they are natural libraries of polypeptides with diverse biological activities that can be utilized to develop of biotechnological tools with potential medical and industrial applications. This study conducted a proteomic analysis of crude venom extracts from Anthopleura dowii Verrill, 1869, and Lebrunia neglecta Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860. The obtained data allowed us to identify 201 polypeptides, of which 39% were present in both extracts. Among the obtained sequences, hydrolase-type enzymes, oxidoreductases, transferases, heat shock proteins, adhesion proteins, and protease inhibitors, among others, were identified. Interaction analysis and functional annotation indicated that these proteins are primarily involved in endoplasmic reticulum metabolic processes such as carbon metabolism and protein processing. In addition, several proteins related to oxidative stress were identified, including superoxide dismutase, peroxiredoxins, thioredoxin, and glutathione oxidase. Our results provide novel information on the polypeptide composition of the crude venom extract from sea anemones, which can be utilized to develop molecules for therapeutic tools and industrial applications.
Absorption-Constrained Wavelet Power Spectrum Inversion for Enhancing Resolution of Nonstationary Seismic Data

Improving the resolution of nonstationary reflection seismic data without well data is challenging, as it requires prior estimation of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-value. The coupling of reflectivity sequence and wavelet introduces spectral fluctuations, rendering the extraction of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> highly unstable. While some statistical wavelet amplitude estimation methods, such as spectral shaping (SS) and contraction operator mapping (COM), can yield smooth wavelet amplitude spectra, they do not contribute to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> analysis as they lack a physical mechanism for absorption attenuation. Therefore, we propose an absorption-constrained wavelet power spectrum inversion (AWPSI) method based on the segmented stationary convolution model (SSCM). The absorption constraint (AC) term incorporates prior knowledge of the medium’s <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-effect and enables simultaneous inversion of wavelet amplitude spectra for all windows. Incorporating AWPSI into COM and SS methods leads to AWPSI-COM and AWPSI-SS methods, which yield higher precision wavelet power spectra and remove the spectral fluctuations caused by reflectivity sequences. We demonstrate that AWPSI enables COM to extract wavelet amplitude spectra more accurately while preserving the attenuation characteristics caused by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-effect. Using the equivalent <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> field obtained by the AWPSI-COM method, an inverse <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-filter can be performed to generate accurate high-resolution seismic profiles. Synthetic and actual stacked seismic data verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Hypothetical Approach to Concentrate Microorganisms from Human Urine Samples Using Paper-Based Adsorbents for Point-of-Care Molecular Assays

This hypothesis demonstrates that the efficiency of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for nucleic acid detection can be positively influenced by the preconcentration of microbial cells onto hydrophobic paper surfaces. The mechanism of this model is based on the high affinity of microbes towards hydrophobic surfaces. Extensive studies have demonstrated that hydrophobic surfaces exhibit enhanced bacterial and fungal adhesion. By exploiting this inherent affinity of hydrophobic paper substrates, the preconcentration approach enables the adherence of a greater number of target cells, resulting in a higher concentration of target templates for amplification directly from urine samples. In contrast to conventional methods, which often involve complex procedures, this approach offers a simpler, cost-effective, and user-friendly alternative. Moreover, the integration of cell adhesion, LAMP amplification, and signal readout within paper origami-based devices can provide a portable, robust, and highly efficient platform for rapid nucleic acid detection. This innovative hypothesis holds significant potential for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics and field surveillance applications. Further research and development in this field will advance the implementation of this technology, contributing to improved healthcare systems and public health outcomes.
Stratigraphy of architectural elements in a buried volcanic system and implications for hydrocarbon exploration

AbstractThe interaction between magmatism and sedimentation creates a range of petroleum plays at different stratigraphic levels due to the emplacement and burial of volcanoes. This study characterizes the spatio-temporal distribution of the fundamental building blocks (i.e., architectural elements) of a buried volcano and enclosing sedimentary strata to provide insights for hydrocarbon exploration in volcanic systems. We use a large data set of wells and seismic reflection surveys from the offshore Taranaki Basin, New Zealand, compared with outcropping volcanic systems worldwide to demonstrate the local impacts of magmatism on the evolution of the host sedimentary basin and petroleum system. We discover the architecture of Kora volcano, a Miocene andesitic polygenetic stratovolcano that is currently buried by more than 1000 m of sedimentary strata and hosts a subcommercial discovery within volcanogenic deposits. The 22 individual architectural elements have been characterized within three main stratigrap.
Lung cancer cells detection by a photoelectrochemical MoS2 biosensing chip

This research aims to explore the potential application of this approach in the production of biosensor chips. The biosensor chip is utilized for the identification and examination of early-stage lung cancer cells. The findings of the optical microscope were corroborated by the field emission scanning electron microscopy, which provided further evidence that the growth of MoS2 is uniform and that there is minimal disruption in the electrode, hence minimizing the likelihood of an open circuit creation. Furthermore, the bilayer structure of the produced MoS2 has been validated through the utilization of Raman spectroscopy. A research investigation was undertaken to measure the photoelectric current generated by three various types of clinical samples containing lung cancer cells, specifically the CL1, NCI-H460, and NCI-H520 cell lines. The findings from the empirical analysis indicate that the coefficient of determination (R-Square) for the linear regression model was approximately 98%. Furthermore, the integration of a double-layer MoS2 film resulted in a significant improvement of 38% in the photocurrent, as observed in the device's performance.
Assessing the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Map Colour for Colour Impairments Using an Eye-tracking Approach

Colour impairments influences access to geographical information which is usually represented by colour maps. Three dimensions of colour: Hue, Saturation and Value (HSV), are intuitive and most critical visual variables in map design. In this paper, we specifically focus on colour deficiency of red-green colour impairments. A controlled experiment was designed and conducted to explore how three colour dimensions (HSV) affect the abilities of people with normal colour vision or with red-green colour impairments to distinguish colours in maps. An eye-tracking approach was applied to quantify the accuracy and response time by capturing user eye movements to analyse the effectiveness and efficiency. In this study, we used one section of the administrative map of Hebei Province to test participant responses to area features. Differences of effectiveness and efficiency across normal colour vision and red-green colour impairments were compared. Multiple comparisons among Hue, Saturation and Value were analysed. Results show that for both normal colour vision and red-green colour impairments, Hue is the most differentiable than Saturation and Value. Saturation and Value are at the same level to be differentiated and more difficult to be distinguished. Guidelines of designing maps for both normal colour vision and red-green colour impairments were derived. The results of this study can be helpful to improve the map designs for colour deficiency.
ShadowCam Instrument and Investigation Overview

ShadowCam is a National Aeronautics and Space Administration Advanced Exploration Systems funded instrument hosted onboard the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO) satellite. By collecting high-resolution images of permanently shadowed regions (PSRs), ShadowCam will provide critical information about the distribution and accessibility of water ice and other volatiles at spatial scales (1.7 m/pixel) required to mitigate risks and maximize the results of future exploration activities. The PSRs never see direct sunlight and are illuminated only by light reflected from nearby topographic highs. Since secondary illumination is very dim, ShadowCam was designed to be over 200 times more sensitive than previous imagers like the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera Narrow Angle Camera (LROC NAC). ShadowCam images thus allow for unprecedented views into the shadows, but saturate while imaging sunlit terrain.
Sixth edition of the World Health Organization laboratory manual of semen analysis: Updates and essential take away for busy clinicians

ABSTRACT Background Semen analysis is the cornerstone for male fertility evaluation. In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) released its 6th edition of semen analysis manual. Methods We highlight the main changes in the latest 6th edition of the WHO manual of semen analysis and their possible interpretations. Results The manual is highly comprehensive, offering detailed information, and is widely regarded as an excellent technical reference for laboratory staff. Nevertheless, several aspects of the manual require further elucidation for infertility practitioners. Conclusion The recently published 6th edition of the WHO manual provides a strong framework for the assessment and processing of human semen. Grasping the modifications introduced in this updated edition and their clinical significance can enhance the quality of patient care.