Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Elephants of Terra Amata open air site (Lower Paleolithic, France)

SUMMARY: The site of Terra Amata has yielded several remains of Elephas antiquus in the different anthropic occupation levels. The preservation is not good and doesn’t allow to do a morphological study of the remains. The population of Elephas is presented in its archaeological context and the principal taphonomic observations are discussed.
Discovery Learning: Learning Modules to Improve the Critical Thinking Skills of Grade IV Elementary School Students

This research aims to develop discovery-based learning modules on Natural Sciences and Social Sciences (IPAS) subjects in elementary schools. Research and development uses the Brog and Gall (2003) model which consists of 3 main steps of research and development. In product development, researchers use the ADDIE development model to develop prototypes of learning modules. This research was conducted in the central part of Lampung Province, precisely at SD Negeri 5 Lempuyangan Regency, Bandar Way Pengubuan. The sampling technique uses random sampling by assigning 2 classes as subjets, namely the experimental class and the control class consisting of 25 students in each class. The results of this study showed that the average score of the experimental class was 77.83 and the control class was 69.43. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the experimental class was superior to the control class and had a significance value obtained through the t-test before 0.000, which means that there is a significant average difference. The results are then continued on the effect size test to see the magnitude of the influence of the product used. The effect size test result is 0.83 with a very high interpretation. Based on the results of research conducted in class IV, it can be concluded that discovery-based learning modules are effective in improving students’ critical thinking skills.
The Morphology and Albedo of Dark Material on Vesta

In this work we present the current state of dark material characterisation focussing on the morphology and relation of dark material distribution with other main features on Vesta, such as the prominent south pole impact craters. We include the information of digital terrain models (DTM) and photometrically corrected maps of Vesta and find that dark material is correlated to old impacts.
Postbiotic Fractions of Probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum 299v and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Show Immune-Modulating Effects

Probiotic bacteria belonging to Lactobacillus spp. are important producers of bioactive molecules, known as postbiotics, that play essential roles in the immunological support of the intestinal mucosa. In this study, the system of co-culture of intestinal epithelial cells with macrophage cells in vitro was used to study the potential effect of postbiotic fractions of L. rhamonosus and L. plantarum on the modulation of the immune response induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli. This study’s results revealed that the presence of probiotic bacterial components on the mucosal surface in the early and late stage of inflammatory conditions is based on cellular interactions that control inflammation and consequent damage to the intestinal epithelium. In our studies, heat killed fractions of probiotic bacteria and their extracted proteins showed a beneficial effect on controlling inflammation, regardless of the strain tested, consequently protecting intestinal barrier damage. In conclusion, the presented results emphasize that the fractions of probiotic bacteria of L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus may play a significant role in the regulation of LPS-mediated cytotoxic activity in intestinal epithelial cells. The fractions of probiotic strains of L. rhamnosus and L. plantarum showed the potential to suppress inflammation, effectively activating the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and modulating the IL-18-related response.
Effect of Liquidity Shock on Financial Performance of Listed Commercial Banks in Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya

A strong banking system is essential to the stability and expansion of the economy. However, all banks face significant risks in the unpredictably volatile environment of today, encompassing credit risk, interest rate risk, operational risk, liquidity Shock, market risk, and foreign exchange risk. Liquidity Shock is one of many risks that commercial banks that are listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) are subjected to. This risk can have a significant effect on the financial performance of these banks. As such, the purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of liquidity Shock on financial performance of commercial banks listed in Nairobi Securities Exchange. An independent variable, liquidity shock contribute to this risk. This study concentrated on commercial banks which are listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange market (NSE, 2022); and utilized data from 2013-2022. The study was anchored on liquidity shock theory, A quantitative research design was used for the study. The study adopted a Census, which included all the 11 commercial banks listed in the NSE for the period 2013 to 2022 due to availability of data. Secondary data was collected from the reported financial statements of respective commercial banks for the period 2013 to 2022. Obtaining published financial statements from each of the listed commercial banks on the NSE over a ten-year period – yearly is part of the data collection process. In order to analyze the relationship between liquidity Shock and financial performance of commercial banks with NSE listings, the data was subjected to panel regression analysis. To statistically describe the data, measures of central tendency, dispersion, and position was used. To determine whether the data adhered to the conventional least square assumptions, diagnostic tests were utilized.
A 200–260-GHz Voltage-Controlled Distributed Attenuator in 130-nm BiCMOS:C Technology

This work presents a wideband passive variable voltage-controlled attenuator (VVA) to control signal powers in the $J$ -band. The VVA is manufactured in a 130-nm BiCMOS technology with fT/fmax = 300/500 GHz. The design is based on a distributed T-attenuator architecture. The design methodology aimed to achieve a wide bandwidth (BW) across attenuation states while maintaining low minimum insertion loss (IL) in compact silicon area. Hence, a distributed inductor-based approach is followed rather than the series varistors or transmission line architectures. The VVA is capable of handling Pin up to 18 dBm with a compression of 0.5 dB. A minimum IL of 5.5 dB was measured within a 3-dB BW of 60 GHz (200–260 GHz) across 13 dB of the voltage-controlled attenuation range. The core circuit occupies 0.015 mm2 of silicon area. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first presented VVA at this frequency range suiting very well highly linear wideband VGAs for sub-THz transmitters (TXs).
Chapter 65 Neoproterozoic glacial deposits of the Kimberly Region and northwestern Northern Territory, Australia

Abstract Neoproterozoic glaciogenic formations are preserved in the Kimberley region and northwestern Northern Territory of northern Australia. They are distributed in the west Kimberley adjacent to the northern margins of the King Leopold Orogen, the Mt Ramsay area at the junction of the King Leopold and Halls Creek orogens, and east Kimberley, adjacent to the eastern margin of the Halls Creek Orogen. Small outlier glaciogenic deposits are preserved in the Litchfield Province, Northern Territory (Uniya Fm.) and Georgina Basin, western Queensland (Little Burke Fm.). Glaciogenic strata comprise diamictite, conglomerate, sandstone and pebbly mudstone and characterize the Walsh, Landrigan and Fargoo/Moonlight Valley formations. Thin units of laminated dolomite sit conformably at the top of the Walsh, Landrigan and Moonlight Valley formations. Glaciogenic units are also interbedded with the carbonate platform deposits of the Egan Fm. and Boonall Dolomite. δ13C data are available for all carbonate units. There is no direct chronological constraint on these successions, and dispute over the regional correlation of the Neoproterozoic succession has been largely resolved through biostratigraphic, chemostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic analysis. However, palaeomagnetic results from the Walsh Fm. are inconsistent with sedimentologically based correlations. Two stratigraphically defined glaciations are preserved in northwestern Australia: the ‘Landrigan Glaciation’, characterized by SW-directed continental ice-sheet movement and correlated with late Cryogenian glaciation elsewhere in Australia and the world; and, the ‘Egan Glaciation’, a more localized glaciation of the Ediacaran Period. Future research focus should include chronology, palaeomagnetic constraint and tectonostratigraphic controls on deposition.
Trans-(±)-TTPG-B Attenuates Cell Cycle Progression and Inhibits Cell Proliferation on Cholangiocarcinoma Cells

This research aimed to determine the target protein and molecular mechanism of trans-(±)-kusunokinin ((±)-KU) derivatives (trans-(±)-ARC and trans-(±)-TTPG-B). Molecular docking was used to predict potential synthesized (±)-KU targets among 22 proteins. The (±)-TTPG-B bound HSP90α better than EC44, native (±)-KU and (-)-KU, and (±)-KU and (−)-ARC. In contrast, (−)-ARC bound PI3K more strongly than any other test compound. CSF1R and AKR1B1 were not supposed to be the target of (±)-TTPG-B and (±)-ARC, unlike native (±)-KU. The (±)-TTPG-B bound Tyr139 and Trp162 of HSP90α. Moreover, (−)-ARC bound PI3K via hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking at distinct amino acids, which was different from the other tested compounds. Using half of the IC50 concentration, (±)-TTPG-B, (±)-KU and (±)-ARC enhanced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase after 12 h and 24 h on KKU-M213 (CCA) cells. The (±)-TTPG-B showed a stronger inhibitory effect than (±)-ARC and (±)-KU on HSP90α, PI3K, HSP90β, c-Myc, AKT, MEK1, CyclinB1, CyclinD1, and CDK1 for 24 and 48 h after treatment with the same concentration (0.015 µM). Thus, trans-(±)-TTPG-B, a newly synthesized compound, has pharmacological potential for development as a target therapy for CCA treatment.
Low-Pass Filters in Standard Rectangular Waveguide Using 3D Printed Dielectric Inserts

A new approach to using dielectric 3D printing in realizing low-pass filters in waveguide is demonstrated. Cascaded stepped-impedance sections are printed and inserted into conventional WR42 off-the-shelf waveguide, with the resulting filters implementing a pass-band or 18 – 20 GHz and a stop-band of 22 – 27 GHz. Using a commonly available SLA printer and resin, maximum insertion loss of 4.3 and 5.6 dB is achieved across the band of interest for the C-first and L-first filters, respectively, with both featuring more than 30 dB attenuation across the stopband. The effect of support structures on isolation is demonstrated
Molecular Docking of Pepstatin (A) and Compounds with Structural Similarity to the Molecular Model of Human BACE-1 Enzyme

Background and Objectives: Almost all known aspartic proteases are inhibited by pepstatin (A). One of the aspartic proteases enzymes, β-secretase, is a well-known enzyme in the process of Alzheimer's disease, and it plays a role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease by cleaving the amyloid precursor protein and forming the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. In the present study, we attempt to use pepstatin (A) and compounds with a similar structure as inhibitory ligand for β-secretase enzyme model [PDB ID: 6EQM]. Materials and Methods: We prepared the molecular model of pepstatin (A) and compounds with a similar structure, then calculated their physicochemical and pharmacological properties, and then performed molecular docking between the molecular model of human BACE-1 enzyme [PDB ID: 6EQM] with pepstatin (A) inhibitor and compounds with a similar structure. We perform molecular dynamics analysis to evaluate the deformation and fluctuation of the enzyme model with or without ligands during molecular dynamic simulation. Results: In this study, cyclic peptides and pseudo-peptides often have higher binding affinity for the active site of the enzyme in the molecular model of beta-secretase [PDB ID: 6EQM], but they have higher molecular weight than the rest of the compounds (400-700 Daltons), which consist of compounds with CID numbers: 10532731, 16084771, 122177562, 155209842, 155228360, 155228472, 155228476, 162667790, 163186155, and 164960792. Other compounds weighing between 300 and 400 Da with lower affinity were also investigated in this study, including the pseudo-peptide Ac-Ser-Sta (3R, 4R)-Val-OH with the CID numbers: 101039397 with a molecular weight of 402.4 and a docking score of -143.6, and compound 58057434 with a molecular weight of 386.4 and a docking score of -141.1, which had the highest affinity for the active site of the molecular model of human BACE-1 enzyme [PDB ID: 6EQM] in rang of 300-400 Da. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that by using the molecular docking method and with a more comprehensive view, more effective compounds can be proposed to inhibit beta-secretase enzyme. As in our study based on molecular docking results, compounds such as pepstatin and compounds with structural similarity to it often have high affinity for the active site of beta-secretase enzyme.
Sodium chloride and water intake in children

(Suggestions are based on Level III and IV evidence) • Pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients should have an ideal calorie energy intake determined for their age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and level of physical activity. A nutritionally balanced diet with adequate energy intake to maintain a healthy weight should then be prescribed. To avoid protein malnutrition or undesired weight loss, the recommended energy intake is 35 kCal/kg ideal body weight (IBW)/day. In patients who maintain a sedentary lifestyle or a low level of activity or who are elderly, 30–35 kCal/kg IBW/day is recommended. (Level IV evidence) • Early referral to a dietician skilled in renal care is recommended. The renal dietician should address issues of energy balance along with protein intake. Attainment of an IBW (as assessed by BMI) may need addressing concurrently.
MalwareCLIP: Towards a Scalable and Explainable Image-Based Malware Classification

Accurate and prompt malware classification allows cybersecurity defenders to react to threats precisely and quickly, ameliorating their impact. However, as attackers become more sophisticated, defenders face an escalating challenge. The existence of Malware-as-a-Service exacerbates the situation, making it easier to launch cyber-attacks. At present, malware classification has shown promising results through the use of deep learning. This is exemplified by converting malware binaries to their image equivalent, thereafter employing well-known Convolutional Neural Networks to perform classification. Though yielding high accuracy, they might not be well-suited in a highly dynamic domain, where novel malware samples are authored frequently. In this work, we attempt to bridge this gap by proposing a novel approach to train classifiers that are competitive to baselines while being scalable and explainable. We propose MalwareCLIP, gaining inspiration from prior art. Instead of using one-hot or integer-encoded labels for training, we use natural language training labels. We evaluated our approach on a real-world dataset with more than 20 malware families and show that MalwareCLIP is a promising direction for malware classification from our competitive classification results compared to baselines. Furthermore, our results show that MalwareCLIP can adapt to new classes without the need to change the architecture, thereby providing scalability. Finally, and more importantly, MalwareCLIP can also provide additional insights into family similarity, offering explainability.
Vasopressin in Sepsis and Other Shock States: State of the Art

This review of the use of vasopressin aims to be comprehensive and highly practical, based on the available scientific evidence and our extensive clinical experience with the drug. It summarizes controversies about vasopressin use in septic shock and other vasodilatory states. Vasopressin is a natural hormone with powerful vasoconstrictive effects and is responsible for the regulation of plasma osmolality by maintaining fluid homeostasis. Septic shock is defined by the need for vasopressors to correct hypotension and lactic acidosis secondary to infection, with a high mortality rate. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines recommend vasopressin as a second-line vasopressor, added to norepinephrine. However, these guidelines do not address specific debates surrounding the use of vasopressin in real-world clinical practice.
The Douglas Oil Field

Abstract The Douglas Field, with an estimated STOIIP of 225 MMBBL and on stream in February 1996, is the first oil field to be developed in the offshore East Irish Sea basin. The field structure consists of three tilted fault blocks formed during extensional faulting in Triassic-early Jurassic times, and later readjusted by contractional movements during Tertiary inversion. The oil is trapped in the Triassic Helsby Sandstone Formation, which comprises moderate- to high-permeability aeolian and fluvial sandstones. The reservoir depth is shallow (2200 ft) with a maximum oil column of 330 ft. The sandstones can be divided into several laterally extensive units based on vertical facies variations. Although reservoir quality is principally controlled by primary depositional processes, a complex diagenetic history is recognized, with various phases of silica and carbonate cements. Authigenic clay minerals are not important, but bitumen is extensive in limited areas of the field, causing significant permeability reduction. The hydrocarbon filling history of the field was complex, with the occurrence of at least two phases of oil generation and migration. The Douglas Field contains a relatively ‘dead’ oil with a low GOR, thus 11 production and seven water injection wells are planned. Although the crude is classified as sweet it contains low levels of mercaptans and H2S, which will be removed during processing offshore. First oil is planned for December 1995 with peak oil production reaching 40000 BPD.
Comparative Study on Numerical Calculation of Modal Characteristics of Pump-Turbine Shaft System

Because a pump-turbine mainly undertakes the role of energy conversion and pumped storage in the field of hydropower engineering, the complex transition process and frequent conversion between different working conditions lead to the increase in the stress and strain of core components such as the unit shaft system, and even cause resonance phenomena. Based on ANSYS finite element numerical calculation software, this paper adopts the acoustic fluid–structure coupling method to study the influence of the shaft of the pump-turbine on the dynamic characteristics of the runner. At the same time, the paper analyses the influence of different contact modes between the runner and the shaft on the modal characteristics of the shaft system. The numerical simulation results have shown that the runner is affected by the added mass of the water. The natural frequency reduction rate of each order of wet modal is ranged from 19% to 64%. The main shaft has a greater influence on the simplification of the shaft system calculation method. The type of contact surface between the main shaft and the runner has a smaller influence on the modal characteristics and the natural frequency of the shaft system. The research in this paper contributes an evaluation of the dynamic characteristics of the runner of a hydraulic turbine unit, which is of great significance for the optimization of the analysis algorithm of the runner structure for large pumped storage units.
Invariant Smoother for Legged Robot State Estimation With Dynamic Contact Event Information

This article proposes an invariant smoother for legged robot state estimation with the measurement of an inertial measurement unit and leg kinematics while assuming static foot contact. Because the proposed smoother is formulated with the residual functions with group-affine property, their Jacobians become independent from current state estimates. These state-independent Jacobians lead to better convergence properties in optimizing the cost in the smoother, especially under dynamic contact events. The proposed slip rejection method increases the uncertainty of static contact assumption when the robot has dynamic contact events. The estimated foot velocity, which is utilized to detect the dynamic contact events, is re-evaluated within the preserving time window. We also propose the contact loop method, a new measurement model asserting that foot position remains constant over multiple timesteps during stable contact. The proposed estimator is tested through online experiments, including indoor and 160 m-long outdoor experiments, and compared against state-of-the-art algorithms.
AutoMixer for Improved Multivariate Time-Series Forecasting on Business and IT Observability Data

The efficiency of business processes relies on business key performance indicators (Biz-KPIs), that can be negatively impacted by IT failures. Business and IT Observability (BizITObs) data fuses both Biz-KPIs and IT event channels together as multivariate time series data. Forecasting Biz-KPIs in advance can enhance efficiency and revenue through proactive corrective measures. However, BizITObs data generally exhibit both useful and noisy inter-channel interactions between Biz-KPIs and IT events that need to be effectively decoupled. This leads to suboptimal forecasting performance when existing multivariate forecasting models are employed. To address this, we introduce AutoMixer, a time-series Foundation Model (FM) approach, grounded on the novel technique of channel-compressed pretrain and finetune workflows. AutoMixer leverages an AutoEncoder for channel-compressed pretraining and integrates it with the advanced TSMixer model for multivariate time series forecasting. This fusion greatly enhances the potency of TSMixer for accurate forecasts and also generalizes well across several downstream tasks. Through detailed experiments and dashboard analytics, we show AutoMixer's capability to consistently improve the Biz-KPI's forecasting accuracy (by 11-15%) which directly translates to actionable business insights.
Nonlinear multitrace genetic inversion applied on seismic data across the Shtokman field, offshore northern Russia

Seismic inversion is an important processing step for characterizing reservoirs with properties predicted away from well controls. A new approach to inversion and reservoir modeling is based on a nonlinear multitrace seismic inversion algorithm. Neural-network solutions for the inversion problem exist, whereby a multiattribute analysis increases output reliability. A more robust 3D working method is proposed that uses a simple nonlinear operator. The method is fast, user friendly, and cost effective. Initial input is formed by poststack seismic data and relevant well logs (e.g., acoustic impedance). The latter serve as a training and control point set to calculate optimized weights in the neural-network scheme. The nonlinear output operator trans-forms the seismic data into the desired log-response equivalent. Crucial is finding a real regional minimum for the difference between the computed synthetic and the recorded seismic traces at the target location. Intelligent data decimation eliminates the number.