Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Model-based design automation and process automation in titanium sheet metal manufacturing

Two modeling techniques are employed to study two automation goals for a manufacturing process; automation of the design of custom-engineered dies and automation of the manufacturing process that uses them. In both cases the objective is to improve energy efficiency and throughput of a manufacturing process known as “Hotsizing”. Finite Element Modeling (FEM) is used to study the surface temperature distribution of dies used to form titanium blanks into finished parts. First-order analytical modeling is used to study the heat transfer mechanisms at work in heating the blanks and moving them through air from a preheat oven to a forming press. FEM results show that contrary to our hypotheses, die surface temperatures are quite uniform and model-based design of the dies to guide sensor placement so as to minimize surface temperature variation is not justifiable. Analytical modeling reveals unforeseen, potentially substantial energy and throughput improvement and justifiable manufacturing process automation.
Optimal forwarding in delay tolerant networks with multiple destinations

We study the trade-off between delivery delay and energy consumption in a delay tolerant network in which a message (or a file) has to be delivered to each of several destinations by epidemic relaying. In addition to the destinations, there are several other nodes in the network that can assist in relaying the message. We first assume that, at every instant, all the nodes know the number of relays carrying the packet and the number of destinations that have received the packet. We formulate the problem as a controlled continuous time Markov chain and derive the optimal closed loop control (i.e., forwarding policy). However, in practice, the intermittent connectivity in the network implies that the nodes may not have the required perfect knowledge of the system state. To address this issue, we obtain an ODE (i.e., fluid) approximation for the optimally controlled Markov chain. This fluid approximation also yields an asymptotically optimal open loop policy. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the deterministic policy over finite networks. Numerical results show that this policy performs close to the optimal closed loop policy.
Sustainability of Domestic Sewage Sludge Disposal

Activated sludge is now one of the most widely used biological processes for the treatment of wastewaters from medium to large populations. It produces high amounts of sewage sludge that can be managed and perceived in two main ways: as a waste it is discharged in landfill, as a fertilizer it is disposed in agriculture with direct application to soil or subjected to anaerobic digestion and composting. Other solutions, such as incineration or production of concrete, bricks and asphalt play a secondary role in terms of their degree of diffusion. The agronomical value of domestic sewage sludge is a proved question, which may be hidden by the presence of several pollutants such as heavy metals, organic compounds and pathogens. In this way, the sustainability of sewage sludge agricultural disposal requires a value judgment based on knowledge and evaluation of the level of pollution of both sewage sludge and soil. The article analyzed a typical Italian case study, a water management system of small communities, applying the criteria of evaluation of the last official document of European Union about sewage sludge land application, the “Working Document on Sludge (3rd draft, 2000)”. The report brought out good sewage sludge from small wastewater treatment plants and soils quality suggesting a sustainable application.
Outcomes of Patients With Chronic Renal Insufficiency in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation

Background—Although severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent predictor of mortality among patients with coronary artery disease, the impact of mild CKD on morbidity and mortality has not been fully defined. Methods and Results—Morbidity and mortality for the 3608 patients with multivessel coronary artery disease enrolled in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation randomized trial and registry were compared on the basis of the presence and absence of CKD, defined as a preprocedure serum creatinine level of >1.5 mg/dL. Seventy-six patients had CKD. Patients with renal insufficiency were older and more likely to have a history of diabetes, hypertension, and other comorbidities. Among patients undergoing PTCA, patients with CKD had a greater frequency of in-hospital death and cardiogenic shock (P <0.05 and 0.01, respectively). There was a trend toward a larger proportion of patients with CKD experiencing angina at 5 years (P =0.079). Patients with CKD had more cardiac admissions (P =0.003 and <0.0001 for patients undergoing PTCA and CABG, respectively) and a shorter time to subsequent CABG after initial revascularization than patients without CKD (P =0.01). CKD was associated with a higher risk of death at 7 years, both of all causes (relative risk 2.2, P <0.001) and of cardiac causes (relative risk 2.8, P <0.001). Conclusions—CKD is associated with an increased risk of recurrent hospitalization, subsequent CABG, and mortality. This increased risk of death is independent of and additive to the risk associated with diabetes.
Experimental study of spectrum sensing based on distribution analysis

Spectrum sensing has been identified as a key enabling cognitive radio (CR) to not interfere with primary users, by reliability detecting primary users’ signals. Based on the OpenAirInterface platform, we performed at EURECOM a sensing demonstration in order to illustrate the spectrum sensing concept in one hand and to assess some of the existing algorithms performances in other hand. The platform is designed for a full software-radio implementation, in the sens that all protocol layers run on the host PCs under the control of a Linux real time operating system. The demonstration is composed of two nodes: a primary user with a varying transmission gain and four possible carrier frequencies, and a secondary user (or CR) user implementing three sensing algorithms (Energy detection, cyclostationarity detection, and model selection based detection). At the second node, the sensing results as well as their corresponding measured signal to noise ratio (SNR) over the four sub-bands are displayed in real time.
Criticality and Dark Matter

Quantum criticality is one of the corner stone assumptions of TGD. The value of Kahler coupling strength fixes quantum TGD and is analogous to critical temperature. TGD Universe would be quantum critical. What does this mean is however far from obvious and I have pondered the notion repeatedly both from the point of view of mathematical description and phenomenology. Superfluids exhibit rather mysterious looking effects such as fountain effect and what looks like quantum coherence of superfluid containers which should be classically isolated. These findings serve as a motivation for the proposal that genuine superfluid portion of superfluid corresponds to a large heff phase near criticality at least and that also in other phase transition like phenomena a phase transition to dark phase occurs near the vicinity.
Assessing Eutrophication Potential of a Freshwater Lake by Relating Its Bioproductivity and Biodiversity: A Case Study of Lake Wilson on Central Oahu, Hawaii

Algal bloom in a freshwater lake is a rapid increase of aquatic plants, which disrupts the ecological balance and its potential for beneficial uses. This problem has been managed by relating the trophic levels of a lake with nutrient loading. This traditional management approach is less than satisfactory as it neglects considering the intricate relationship between nutrient loading and the algal community. As a result, it often fails to detect an imminent algal bloom and fails to formulate and implement timely remedial measures. The advancement of modern molecular biosciences has provided an opportunity to improve this traditional approach. In this study, field and laboratory experiments on lake bioproductivity and biodiversity were conducted in Lake Wilson on central Oahu, Hawaii. Bioproductivity or algal productivity was evaluated in terms of the rate of chlorophyll growth in the lake water, and the biodiversity or genetic biodiversity was evaluated by using the method of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of the algae species and the Shannon index. Research results indicated that eukaryote communities in Lake Wilson were more diverse under the mesotrophic state of algal productivity than those under the oligotrophic and eutrophic states. Therefore, the reduction of the biodiversity of a mesotrophic lake can be used in water quality management as a warning sign of an imminent algal bloom.
Improving table compression with combinatorial optimization

We study the problem of compressing massive tables within the partition-training paradigm introduced by Buchsbaum et al. [2000], in which a table is partitioned by an off-line training procedure into disjoint intervals of columns, each of which is compressed separately by a standard, on-line compressor like gzip. We provide a new theory that unifies previous experimental observations on partitioning and heuristic observations on column permutation, all of which are used to improve compression rates. Based on this theory, we devise the first on-line training algorithms for table compression, which can be applied to individual files, not just continuously operating sources; and also a new, off-line training algorithm, based on a link to the asymmetric traveling salesman problem, which improves on prior work by rearranging columns prior to partitioning. We demonstrate these results experimentally. On various test files, the on-line algorithms provide 35--55% improvement over gzip with negligible slowdown; the off-line reordering provides up to 20% further improvement over partitioning alone. We also show that a variation of the table compression problem is MAX-SNP hard.
Human Model Fitting from Monocular Posture Images

Marker-less motion capture systems usually rely on a 3D skin and skeleton model of the observed person. We present a system that is able to t a template MPEG4 body model to a person from multiple views taken with a single camera. The person is observed in 6 different postures. Based on contour differences between model and person, a global nonlinear optimization method estimates the scale values of each body segment. Qualitative and quantitative results for different persons show, that a good tting can be achieved in spite of the simple setup.
Safety Concerns for Sclerotherapy of Telangiectases, Reticular and Varicose Veins

Background: Sclerotherapy has been extensively used in the treatment of valvular insufficiency of superficial veins. Although sclerotherapy seems safe, reports of serious adverse events (AE) have been published. This paper aims to review AE of sclerosing agents. Methods: Electronical databases were searched for identifying articles on local, serious and long-term AE of sclerotherapy. Results: Hyperpigmentation and matting are the most often local AE of sclerotherapy. Other local AE include superficial thrombophlevitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, pain, ulcer formation, and hypertrichosis. Local AE can be serious, that is, it can include cutaneous necrosis, intra-arterial injection with subsequent acute ischemia that can lead to amputation, and necrotizing fasciitis. Most data on systemic AE of sclerotherapy are extracted from case series and case reports. Systemic AE include neurological complications, such as ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, visual disturbances and cardiac toxicity, that is, myocardial infarction, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, chest tightness, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, septicemia, anaphylaxis. It is difficult to estimate the frequency of serious systemic AE of sclerotherapy. Conclusion: Physicians practicing sclerotherapy should be aware of the possible local and systemic AE of sclerotherapy, inform patients accordingly and be prepared for the appropriate management of the rare but possibly lethal serious AE.
Coseismic Sackungen in the New Madrid Seismic Zone, USA

High‐resolution lidar reveals newly recognized evidence of strong shaking in the New Madrid seismic zone in the central United States. We mapped concentrations of sackungen (ridgetop spreading features) on bluffs along the eastern Mississippi River valley in northwestern Tennessee that likely form or are reactivated during large earthquakes. These sackungen are concentrated on the hanging wall of the Reelfoot reverse fault and show a preferential orientation indicating ground failure normal to fault strike. These observations suggest that the sackungen record one or more earthquakes on the southern Reelfoot fault since the deposition of the ~30‐ to 11‐ka Peoria Loess and potentially constrain the minimum intensity of near‐fault ground motion. This study demonstrates that sackungen can be used to infer fault source and mechanism and, in combination with field‐based techniques, improve paleoseismic records and seismic hazard models.
Using switched delay lines for exact emulation of FIFO multiplexers with variable length bursts

It has been studied extensively in the literature how one achieves exact emulation of First In First Out (FIFO) multiplexers for fixed size cells (or packets) using optical crossbar switches and fiber delay lines (SDL). In this paper, we take a step further and propose a new architecture that achieves exact emulation of FIFO multiplexers for variable length bursts. Our architecture consists of two blocks: a cell scheduling block and an FIFO multiplexer for fixed size cells. Both blocks are made of SDL units. The objective of the cell scheduling block is to schedule cells in a burst to the right input at the right time so that cells in the same burst depart contiguously from the multiplexer for fixed size cells. We show that cell scheduling can be done efficiently by keeping track of a single state variable, called the total virtual waiting time in this paper. Moreover, the delay through the cell scheduling block is bounded above by a constant that only depends on the number of inputs and the maximum number of cells in a burst. Such a delay bound provides a limit on the number of fiber delay lines needed in the cell scheduling block.
A considering lane information and obstacle-avoidance motion planning approach

We present an improved RRT* to blend lane information and avoid obstacles in this paper. Unlike most of other improved RRT*, this paper attach great importance to the convergent goal of RRT*. We consider the condition that there exists a reference path, maybe not the shortest path, but the environment requires the vehicle to follow, such as a lane center. Compared with standard RRT* applied to differential situation, we first add a TesttoGoal procedure to improve the convergent speed and also make sure the path can reach the goal pose but not the goal region to promise the safety of autonomous vehicle. One of the key characteristic of our improved algorithm is to employ a fast clothoid fitting method into RRT* to enable us to control the curvature. Another important modification is the heuristic sampling method that makes our algorithm can converge to lane center. We evaluate our algorithm with a real lane to demonstrate the effect of our modifications.
The identification in adult bone marrow of pluripotent and restricted stem cells of the myeloid and lymphoid systems

The precise relationship between the stem cells for the lymphoid system and those for the blood-forming system is unclear. While it is generally assumed that the hemopoietic stem cell, the spleen colony-forming unit (CFU-S), is also the stem cell for the lymphoid system, there is little evidence for this hypothesis. To investigate the stem cells in these two systems, we irradiated bone marrow cells to induce unique chromosome aberrations in the stem cell population and injected them at limiting dilution into stem cell-deficient recipients. Several months (between 3 and 11) were allowed for the injected cells to repopulate the hemopoietic system. At that time, the bone marrow, spleen, and thymus were examined for a high frequency of cells having the same unique chromosome aberration. The presence of such markers shows that the marker was induced in a cell with extensive proliferative capacity, i.e., a stem cell. In addition, the splenic lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to search for unique chromosomes in dividing T and B cells, respectively. Finally, bone marrow cells were injected into secondary irradiated recipients to determine if the marker occurred in CFU-S and to determine whether or not the same tissue distributions of marked cells could be propogated by bone marrow cells in a second recipient. After examination of 28 primary recipients, it was possible to identify three unique patterns of stem cell regeneration. In one set of mice, a unique chromosome marker was observed in CFU-S and in PHA- and LPS-stimulated cultures. These mice provide direct evidence for a pluripotent stem cell in bone marrow. In addition, two restricted stem cells were identified by this analysis. In three recipients, abnormal karyotypes were found only in myeloid cells and not in B and T lymphocytes. These mice presumably received a marked stem cell restricted to differentiate only into myeloid progeny. In three other recipients, chromosome aberrations were found only in PHA-stimulated cells; CFU-S and cells from LPS cultures did not have cells with the unique chromosome. This pattern suggests that bone marrow contains cells committed to differentiation only into T lymphocytes. For each of the three types of stem cells, secondary recipients had the same cellular distribution of marked cells as the primary recipients. This observation provides further evidence that unique markers can be induced in both pluripotent and restricted stem cells.
Interacting with real objects in virtual space

While much has been made of the potential of virtual reality, VR is one end of a spectrum. 'Augmented reality' requires that the virtual vision be accurately superimposed on the real, with matching shading, which remains a technical challenge, or that real objects are accurately located in virtual space. A step change seems now to be occurring in this latter. This paper reviews some of the opportunities and issues that are likely to arise from the use of new location and detection technologies in buildings and building construction, and in the virtual representation of the real-time movement and location of these objects. These new tools for remote monitoring and representation are just emerging from Pandora's Box. It is argued that standards are needed to ensure their proper use, and to ensure that the remote representation does not imply greater accuracy than can be measured.
Integration of molecular markers in rice improvement : a case study on resistance to Rice Yellow Mottle Virus

(eds M.C.S. Wopereis et al.) 161 to be limited in comparison with the number of publications that report genetic linkage between markers and genes of interest. This may be explained by the delay observed in the theoretical development of a methodology and its practical outputs or absence of information on the methodology used (Collard and Mackill, 2008). Van Damme et al. (2011) hypothesize that it may result from a lack of access to the information in some developing countries and these authors therefore developed a database that synthesizes all the markers available for MAS in 19 species. Rice, the staple food of half of the world’s population, has two cultivated species, Oryza sativa that originated from Asia and is cultivated worldwide, and Oryza glaberrima, which is endemic to Africa. Oryza sativa is high yielding, but lacks sources of resistance to some strains of rice diseases and insect pests specific to African rice-cropping agro-ecosystems. Conversely, O. glaberrima is low yielding, shatters spontaneously and has few panicle branches, but often constitutes a source of resistance to African pests and diseases. Some of its ‘rustic’ characteristics were successfully transferred into Introduction
Unsupervised clustering for fetal state assessment based on selected features of the cardiotocographic signals

In modern obstetrics the cardiotocography is a rout ine method of fetal condition assessment based main ly on analysis of the fetal heart rate signals. The correct interpretatio n of recorded traces from a bedside monitor is very difficult even for experienced clinicians. Therefore, computerized fetal monitorin g systems are used to yield the quantitative descri ption of the signal. However, the effective techniques enabling automated conclus ion generation based on cardiotocograms are still b e ng searched. The paper presents an attempt to diagnose the fetal state bas ing on seventeen features describing the cardiotoco graphic records. The proposed method applies the unsupervised classification of s ignals. During our research we tried to classify th e fetal state using the fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering. We also tested how the eff ici ncy of classification could be influenced by ap plication of principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm. The obtained res ults howed that unsupervised classification cannot be considered as a support to fetal state assessment.
Heterozygous PINK1 mutations: A susceptibility factor for Parkinson disease?

PINK1 mutations cause recessively inherited early‐onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD). We comprehensively tested 75 Serbian and 17 South Tyrolean EOPD patients for mutations in this gene and found three heterozygous mutation carriers. Two of these patients shared mutations with their affected relatives, further suggesting that heterozygous PINK1 mutations may act as a susceptibility factor for EOPD.
Genetic algorithms for automatic classification of moving objects

This paper presents an integrated approach, combining a state-of-the-art commercial object detection system and genetic algorithms (GA)-based learning for automatic object classification. Specifically, the approach is based on applying weighted nearest neighbor classification to feature vectors extracted from the detected objects, where the weights are evolved due to GA-based learning. Our results demonstrate that this GA-based approach is considerably superior to other standard classification methods.
Adaptive distributed dynamic surface formation controller design for multi-robot systems

This paper presents a distributed formation control scheme for multi-robot systems, where a set of dynamic equations of differential wheeled robots can be obtained from kinematics and dynamics analyses. Based on dynamic surface design techniques, the desired leader-follower formation control laws can be derived. It can be shown that all closed-loop signals are uniformly ultimately bounded using Lyapunov stability analysis. Finally, results of simulations and experiments verify that the desired formation pattern can be preserved for wheeled mobile robots with the presence of unknown uncertainties.
Analysis and Visualization of Dynamic Clusterings

Clusterings in dynamic networks are also dynamic. This means that they change over time. In this paper we present a visualization to show these changing behavior. For this purpose we used and modified the MONIC framework to track the clusters over time. Possible transactions during the lifetime of a cluster are birth, death, growth, contraction, splitting, and merging. We extend this list by rebirth, for clusters which were reactivated after death. In our evolution diagram we used lines to represent the lifetime of a cluster. Splitting and merging clusters have connecting lines. For the line adjustment we used a bandwidth reduction on connected components.