Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local and nonlocal advected invariants and helicities in magnetohydrodynamics and gas dynamics I: Lie dragging approach

In this paper advected invariants and conservation laws in ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and gas dynamics are obtained using Lie dragging techniques. There are different classes of invariants that are advected or Lie dragged with the flow. Simple examples are the advection of the entropy S (a 0-form), and the conservation of magnetic flux (an invariant 2-form advected with the flow). The magnetic flux conservation law is equivalent to Faraday's equation. The gauge condition for the magnetic helicity to be advected with the flow is determined. Different variants of the helicity in ideal fluid dynamics and MHD including: fluid helicity, cross helicity and magnetic helicity are investigated. The fluid helicity conservation law and the cross-helicity conservation law in MHD are derived for the case of a barotropic gas. If the magnetic field lies in the constant entropy surface, then the gas pressure can depend on both the entropy and the density. In these cases the conservation laws are local conservation laws. For non-barotropic gases, we obtain nonlocal conservation laws for fluid helicity and cross helicity by using Clebsch variables. These nonlocal conservation laws are the main new results of the paper. Ertel's theorem and potential vorticity, the Hollman invariant, and the Godbillon–Vey invariant for special flows for which the magnetic helicity is zero are also discussed.
ANFIS Based Energy Management System for V2G Integrated Micro-Grids

Abstract Description and evaluation of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) based energy management system (EMS) for a vehicle-to-grid integrated micro-grid is given in this paper. A grid-tied micro-grid with a wind turbine and a photovoltaic solar panel as primary energy sources, and an energy storage system based on electric vehicle (EV) batteries is considered in this study. The ANFIS-based supervisory controller determines the power that must be generated by or stored in the EV batteries, taking into account the power demanded by the micro-grid and available EV power considering the battery state of charge, rated capacity, and time remaining for departure of the EVs. The Sugeno based ANFIS EMS is compared with a Mamdani based fuzzy EMS, thus evaluating two different artificial intelligence approaches for solving the same power allocation problem. Dynamic simulations demonstrate that the ANFIS based EMS is able to allocate power optimally among available resources during various uncertainties simulated in the system and is also able to provide a better power allocation when compared to the fuzzy based EMS.
Non-Archimedean Tame Topology and Stably Dominated Types

Over the field of real numbers, analytic geometry has long been in deep interaction with algebraic geometry, bringing the latter subject many of its topological insights. In recent decades, model theory has joined this work through the theory of o-minimality, providing finiteness and uniformity statements and new structural tools. For non-archimedean fields, such as the p-adics, the Berkovich analytification provides a connected topology with many thoroughgoing analogies to the real topology on the set of complex points, and it has become an important tool in algebraic dynamics and many other areas of geometry. This book lays down model-theoretic foundations for non-archimedean geometry. The methods combine o-minimality and stability theory. Definable types play a central role, serving first to define the notion of a point and then properties such as definable compactness. Beyond the foundations, the main theorem constructs a deformation retraction from the full non-archimedean space of an algebraic variety to a rational polytope. This generalizes previous results of V. Berkovich, who used resolution of singularities methods. No previous knowledge of non-archimedean geometry is assumed. Model-theoretic prerequisites are reviewed in the first sections.
Kummer Subspaces of Tensor Products of Cyclic Algebras

We discuss the Kummer subspaces of tensor products of cyclic algebras, focusing mainly on the case of cyclic algebras of degree 3. We present a family of maximal spaces in the general case, classify all the monomial spaces in the case of tensor products of cyclic algebras of degree 3 using graph theory, and provide an upper bound for the dimension in the generic tensor product of cyclic algebras of degree 3.
Adaptive Channel Assignment for Maneuvering Target Tracking in Multistatic Passive Radar

In this article, two adaptive channel assignment (CA) schemes are proposed for maneuvering target tracking (MTT) in multistatic passive radar. For a predetermined total number of channels w.r. t. each receiver, the first scheme selects $Q$ channels to achieve the highest MTT accuracy, and the second scheme minimizes the number of channels while guaranteeing a required MTT performance. By utilizing the best-fitting Gaussian approximation, we derive the predicted conditional Cramér–Rao lower bound to evaluate the impact of CA on MTT performance, and formulate CA schemes as convex integer program problems, since channel variables are in binary form. The objective in the first CA problem is smooth, so we apply the $l_{2}$-box alternating direction method of multipliers to divide it into several simple subproblems and alternatively solve them in continuous domains without the introduction of relaxation error. The second CA problem may be infeasible when the required accuracy cannot be met with available channels. To tackle it, we introduce a linear rectification function w.r. t the performance constraint, and equivalently, reformulate it as a feasible one. Then, a fast multistart add-one-channel policy is designed to minimize the gap between the actual accuracy and the accuracy requirement. These algorithms offer considerable reductions in computational complexity compared with the branch-and-bound method and may achieve near-optimal performance. Simulation results demonstrate that these schemes can either achieve the highest MTT accuracy with $Q$ channels or reduce the number of channels while guaranteeing the MTT performance, compared with the traditional random channel allocation scheme.
A Kronecker‐type identity and the representations of a number as a sum of three squares

By considering a limiting case of a Kronecker‐type identity, we obtain an identity found by both Andrews and Crandall. We then use the Andrews–Crandall identity to give a new proof of a formula of Gauss for the representations of a number as a sum of three squares. From the Kronecker‐type identity, we also deduce Gauss' theorem that every positive integer is representable as a sum of three triangular numbers.
Emergence of High Antimicrobial Resistance among Critically Ill Patients with Hospital-Acquired Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background and Objectives: Inappropriate antibiotic usage in hospitalized patients contributes to microbial resistance. Our study aimed to examine the incidence of clinical bacterial isolates and their antibiotic resistance burden among critically ill patients in different hospital units. Materials and Methods: A single-centered cross-sectional study was conducted in a 120-bed tertiary care hospital that included 221 critically ill patients with hospital-acquired infections. Bacterial cultures and sensitivity reports were obtained and followed by a formal analysis of the antibiogram results to explore recovered isolates’ prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Results: Gram-negative bacteria were the most predominant pathogens among recovered isolates from the various hospital units (71%). Klebsiella sp. was the most prevalent microbe, followed by Acinetobacter sp. , with an incidence level of 28% and 16.2%, respectively. Among the Gram-positive organisms, the coagulase-negative Staphylococci were the most predominant organism (11.3%), while (6.3%) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were recovered from different hospital units. Antibiotic sensitivity testing showed that polymyxin B was the most effective antibiotic against Gram-negative bacteria, whereas vancomycin and linezolid were the most active antibiotics against Gram-positive pathogens. Moreover, 7% of the Gram-negative bacteria isolated from different units showed positive production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). Conclusions: The current study describes the high antibiotic resistance patterns in various hospital units that need extra legislation to prevent healthcare providers from misprescription and overuse of antibiotics.
The effectiveness of electronic purchase on ordering national health insurance drugs at the West Bandung pharmacy of Indonesia

This study aimed to determine the flow of use of the electronic drug purchase application, the level of suitability for ordering drugs, the constraints through the electronic drug purchase application, and its effect on national health insurance drugs in Indonesia. We use a quantitative descriptive method to accompany pharmacists with the Guttman scale. The results showed that the flow of the use of electronic purchasing applications at the level of ordering drugs at pharmacies was in accordance with the e-catalog. The service level of 80.11% of the value of incoming goods receipts shows results that meet the criteria. Electronic purchases have been effective because the percentage of service level from the value of incoming goods receipts shows results that meet the criteria for conformity levels according to standards. This study provides input to the pharmacy in the use of electronic purchasing applications for procurement.
Mediterranean Diet Interventions for Depressive Symptoms in Adults with Depressive Disorders: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The associations between Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and depression levels have been synthesized from observational studies. However, a systematic review with meta-analysis including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on this relationship in adults with depressive disorders remains lacking. This protocol was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Protocols statement. MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane CENTRAL, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases will be systematically searched to identify studies published from database inception up to 30 September 2022. The inclusion criteria will comprise RCTs reporting pre-post changes in depression status (symptoms or remission) after a MD intervention compared to a control condition in adults over 18 years with depressive disorders. Pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals will be calculated using the DerSimonian random-effects model. This study protocol determines the methodological approach for the systematic review and meta-analysis that will summarize the available evidence on the efficacy of MD interventions on depressive symptoms in adults with depressive disorders. The findings from this review may have implications for public mental health programs. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication, conference presentation, and infographics. No ethical approval will be required since only published data will be used. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022341895.
Player Position and Labral Tear Location and Size in NCAA Division I Football Players Undergoing Arthroscopic Surgery

Background: Shoulder instability attributed to glenoid labral tears is common among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football players. Certain repetitive activities by player position may contribute to instability. Purpose: To compare the location of labral tears among player positions in NCAA Division I football. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: We conducted a review of football players who underwent shoulder labral repair between 2000 and 2020 at a single institution. Inclusion criteria were NCAA Division I level, diagnosis of shoulder instability, and labral tear requiring arthroscopic repair. Exclusion criteria were prior surgery on injured shoulder and incomplete medical records. Players were divided into 3 groups: line players (offensive and defensive linemen, defensive end), skill players (defensive back, wide receiver, running back, and quarterback), and hybrid players (linebacker and tight end). Labral tear location and size were recorded using the clockface method and categorized into 6 zones: superior, anterosuperior, anteroinferior, inferior, posteroinferior, and posterosuperior. Comparison of variables was performed using chi-square test or Fisher exact test (categorical) and 1-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis H test (continuous). The Spearman rank-order correlation was used to assess relationships between continuous data. Results: Of the 53 included players, 37 (70%) were offensive linemen, defensive linemen, and linebackers. There were 29 line players, 11 skill players, and 13 hybrid players. Line players represented 55% of included players and had the most total labral tears as compared with all groups. Hybrid players had a significantly higher percentage of posterosuperior tears than line players (92% vs 52%; P = .015) and skill players (92% vs 27%; P = .002). Skill players had a significantly higher percentage of anterior tears at 3:00-4:00 and 5:00-6:00 when compared with hybrid players (82% vs 15%, P = .003; 82% vs 31%, P = .012, respectively). There was a positive correlation between labral tear size and number of suture anchors (0; P = .010). Conclusion: In this study of NCAA Division I football players, skill players had a higher proportion of anteroinferior labral tears, and hybrid players had a higher proportion of posterosuperior labral tears.
$p$-adic $L$-functions on Hida Families

A major theme in the theory of $p$-adic deformations of automorphic forms is how $p$-adic $L$-functions over eigenvarieties relate to the geometry of these eigenvarieties. In this article we prove results in this vein for the ordinary part of the eigencurve (i.e. Hida families). We address how Taylor expansions of one variable $p$-adic $L$-functions varying over families can detect "bad" geometric phenomena: crossing components of a certain intersection multiplicity and ramification over the weight space. Our methods involve proving a converse to a result of Vatsal relating congruences between eigenforms to their algebraic special $L$-values and then $p$-adically interpolating congruences using formal models.
Visual detection of 3D mirror-symmetry and 3D rotational-symmetry

ABSTRACT Detecting 3D symmetry is important for the human visual system because many objects in our everyday life are 3D symmetrical. Many are 3D mirror-symmetrical and others are 3D rotational-symmetrical. But note that their retinal images are 2D symmetrical only in degenerate views. It has been suggested that a human observer can detect 3D mirror-symmetry even from a 2D retinal image of a 3D mirror-symmetrical pair of contours. There are model-based invariants of the 3D mirror-symmetrical pair of contours in the retinal image and there are additional invariant features when the contours are individually planar. There are also model-based invariants of a 3D rotational-symmetrical pair of contours. These invariant features of 3D mirror-symmetry and rotational-symmetry are analogous to one another but the features of 3D rotational-symmetry are computationally more difficult than the features of 3D mirror-symmetry. Experiment 1 showed that only 3D mirror-symmetry could be detected reliably while the detection of 3D rotational-symmetry was close to chance-level. Experiment 2 showed that the detection of 3D mirror-symmetry is partly based on the model-based invariants of 3D mirror-symmetry and the planarity of the contours. These results show that the visual system has evolved to favour the perception of 3D mirror-symmetry.
On the Secrecy Analysis of Dual-Hop SWIPT-Based Multi-Source Underlay Cognitive Radio Networks

This paper investigates the intercept probability (IP) performance for a dual-hop multi-secondary user (SU) underlay cognitive-radio networks. Whereby, the relay R is self-powered by harvesting energy from secondary sources using the time switching variant (TS) of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) protocol. Single-antenna SUs are transmitting data to multi-antennas end-user D, performing maximal-ratio combining (MRC) diversity technique, through R in presence of (i) a primary network composed of a primary transmitter $(\mathrm {PU_{t}})$ and receiver $(\mathrm {PU_{r}})$ pair, and (ii) a passive eavesdropper at each hop (i.e., E1 and E2), attempting to overhear the communication. Moreover, we suppose that the second eavesdropper has multiple antennas and employs the MRC technique, that the relay employs the Decode-and-Forward relaying protocol, that the two hops are subject to the Rayleigh fading model, and that the channel state information is fully known at both D and E2. Because of the underlying strategy, the SUs are constantly modifying their transmit powers to prevent interference with primary users. A closed-form expression of the IP is obtained by taking into consideration the correlation between the secrecy capacities for both hops. The impact of other essential factors on IP, such as the transmit power of sources, the fading severity parameter, and the maximum tolerable interference power (MTIP), is also investigated. Specifically, we want to know if the energy harvester (i.e., relay) might improve the security of such a system even more for low MTIP or transmit power of SUs. Monte Carlo simulations verify all of the obtained results, and valuable insights into the secrecy of the considered system are achieved.
Exact quantization conditions for cluster integrable systems

We propose exact quantization conditions for the quantum integrable systems of Goncharov and Kenyon, based on the enumerative geometry of the corresponding toric Calabi–Yau manifolds. Our conjecture builds upon recent results on the quantization of mirror curves, and generalizes a previous proposal for the quantization of the relativistic Toda lattice. We present explicit tests of our conjecture for the integrable systems associated to the resolved C3/Z5 and C3/Z6 orbifolds.
Perceived Stress Associated Factors in Workers at a Public University

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the predictors of perceived stress in a broad sample of workers at a Brazilian public university. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out with a convenience sample of workers at a public university in Brazil. To be included in the present study, the worker had to be an administrative technician. From March to August, 2017, workers were surveyed, and 929 participants answered the questionnaires of sociodemographic characterization, work and health conditions, perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), and anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory). Results: The multiple linear regression showed that higher perceived stress was associated with being younger and male, occupying a higher or technical position, and presenting higher levels of depression and anxiety. Conclusion: These findings have implications for occupational health nurses and other health professionals to identify workers at risk for chronic and mental illness through predictors of perceived stress and to guide institutions in planning practical actions for stress management interventions.
Bioengineering of Hair Follicle-like Structure for Validation of Hair Growth Promoting Compounds

We aimed to establish screening and efficacy test techniques for use in the development of hair-promoting agents. To this end, we used the dermal papilla cell (DPc)-derived immortalized cell line (SV40T-hTERT DPc) and neonatal foreskin-derived keratinocyte cell line (Ker-CT) to form an immortalized cell-based hair follicle-like structure. The SV40T-hTERT DPc spheroids exhibited a higher cell ratio in the spheroids than primary DPc spheroids, and SV40T-hTERT DPc aggregated with spheroids larger in diameter than primary DPc when the same cell number was seeded into the low-adhesion plate. Microscopic imaging and fluorescence staining results indicated that both primary and immortalized cell combinations form a hair follicle-like structure with a long-stretched keratinocyte layer under the condition that the spheroids have the same diameter as that of in vivo dermal papillary tissue in the hair follicle. The hair follicle-like structure elongation was increased upon treatment with three known hair follicle growth-promoting compounds (minoxidil, tofacitinib, and ascorbic acid) compared with that in the control group. Therefore, using immortalized cells to generate a coherent follicle-like structure, we have developed models for screening and evaluating hair-care materials commonly used in the industry.
Existence of a unique quasi-stationary distribution in stochastic reaction networks

In the setting of stochastic dynamical systems that eventually go extinct, the quasi-stationary distributions are useful to understand the long-term behavior of a system before evanescence. For a broad class of applicable continuous-time Markov processes on countably infinite state spaces, known as reaction networks, we introduce the inferred notion of absorbing and endorsed sets, and obtain sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a quasi-stationary distribution within each such endorsed set. In particular, we obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of a globally attracting quasi-stationary distribution in the space of probability measures on the set of endorsed states. Furthermore, under these conditions, the convergence from any initial distribution to the quasi-stationary distribution is exponential in the total variation norm.
Analysis of Dead-Time Energy Loss in GaN-Based TCM Converters With an Improved GaN HEMT Model

For gallium nitride (GaN) based triangular current mode (TCM) applications, the dead-time has a significant effect on the switching loss. However, previous GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) models focus on the turn-on/off process without fully considering the effect of the dead-time. Hence, this article analyzes the switching transients under the superfluous and insufficient dead-time and evaluates the dead-time loss with an improved GaN HEMT model. The proposed model improves an existing GaN HEMT model by adding the voltage rising/falling time of the gate driver, the dynamic threshold voltage of Schottky-type GaN HEMTs, and an equivalent gate-drain capacitance obtained from the datasheet. Verified by a GaN-based double-pulse test, the proposed model can more accurately calculate the gate-source voltage and the self-commutated reverse conduction voltage. Verified by a GaN-based TCM Buck converter, the proposed model can predict the dead-time loss well and has higher simulation accuracy for the turn-on process induced by the inappropriate dead-time.