Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From elicitation to consumption: assessing the longitudinal effectiveness of negative emotional appeals in social marketing

Abstract Negative emotional appeals are used frequently in social marketing. Focusing on guilt and fear appeals, existing theories fail to explain emotional appeal effectiveness in changing consumption behaviour over time. To address this limitation, an elicitation–consumption framework is developed for fear and guilt appeal use. An agenda for further research, outlining three research questions and four propositions, is also presented. This framework integrates the study of how emotional appeals are communicated with how they are experienced during decision-making; complementing current theorising by offering a framework for experimental testing of the delayed, longitudinal effects of social marketing campaigns. The elicitation–consumption framework aids practitioners seeking to design effective emotional appeals by encouraging an effects-based communication approach.
Comparison of a Sliding Observer and a Kalman Filter for Direct-Torque-Controlled IPM Synchronous Motor Drives

The estimation accuracy of the stator flux and speed using open-loop integrators drops as the mechanical speed reduces in direct-torque-controlled (DTC) interior-permanent-magnet (IPM) synchronous motors. At lower speed, inaccurately estimated stator flux and stator resistance mismatch have significant influence on the steady-state and transient performance of the drive system. The robustness against parameter detuning and signal noises can be improved by deploying closed-loop observers with estimated stator flux and rotor speed. This paper presents a comparison of two stator-flux and speed observers for variable-structure DTC IPM motor drives: an adaptive sliding observer and an extended Kalman filter (EKF). The experimental comparison of the adaptive sliding observer and the EKF regards steady-state and dynamic performance, robustness against parameter uncertainties, stability, and computational complexity. Recommendations for observer selection and the effectiveness of the various schemes are concluded.
Emotion-induced higher wavelet entropy in the eeg with depression during a cognitive task

This paper presents a study about how emotion influences cognition. We used wavelet entropy as a tool to analyze event-related electroencephalograph during a cognitive task. Emotion and cognition are two major aspects of human mental life that are widely regarded as distinct but interacting. However, the mechanism of this interacting is still not well known. In our study, a recognition task with facial stimuli was utilized in order to address the influence of emotion on working memory. Three expressions of each face (happy-positive, sad-negative, and neutral) were chosen for the experiments. Since depression is characterized as a typical mental disease with emotion processing deficits, sixteen patients with depression and sixteen normal controls were chosen to participate in the experiment. The repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the patients with depression had a significantly higher entropies than the normal control overall the brain regions. Although behavior results did not indicate any emotion effect, wavelet entropy told more about it. The emotion effect was found in the right anterior and right center of the brain by the analysis of entropy. We concluded that patients with depression showed much higher emotion-induced disorder than normal persons after about 300ms after stimulus onset. In methodology Wavelet entropy can help us to understand the interaction between emotion and cognition.
Designing and evaluating kalas: A social navigation system for food recipes

The idea of social navigation is to aid users to navigate information spaces through making the collective, aggregated, or individual actions of others visible and useful as a basis for making decisions on where to go next and what to choose. These social markers should also help in turning the navigation experience into a social and pleasurable one rather than the tedious, boring, frustrating, and sometimes even scary experience of a lonely traveler. To evaluate whether it is possible to design for social navigation, we built the food recipe system Kalas. It includes several different forms of aggregated trails of user actions and means of communication between users: recommender system functionality (recommendations computed from others' choices), real-time broadcasting of concurrent user activity in the interface, possibilities to comment and vote on recipes, the number of downloads per recipe, and chatting facilities. Recipe author was also included in the recipe description.Kalas was tried with 302 users during six months, and 73 of the users answered a final questionnaire. The overall impression was that users liked and acted on aggregated trails and navigated differently because of them. 18&percent; of the selected recipes came from the list of recommended recipes. About half of the 73 users understood that recommendations were computed from their own and others actions, while the rest had not reflected upon it or had erroneous beliefs. Interestingly, both groups selected a large proportion of their recipes from the recommendations.Unfortunately, there were not enough users to populate the space at every occasion, and thus both chatting and following other users moving in the space was for the most part not possible, but when possible, users move to the space where most other users could be found. Of the other social textures, users themselves claimed to be most influenced by other users' comments attached to the recipes and less by recipe author or number of downloads. Users are more positive to the possibility of expressing themselves in terms of comments and voting than seeing the comments and votes of others.It was noted that users did not pick more recommended recipes towards the end of the study period when the accuracy of recommendations should have been higher. More or less from the start, they picked recommended recipes and went on doing so throughout the whole period.
Role of SEREX-defined immunogenic wild-type cellular molecules in the development of tumor-specific immunity

Recognition of altered self-antigens in tumor cells by lymphocytes forms the basis for antitumor immune responses. The effector cells in most experimental tumor systems are CD8+ T cells that recognize MHC class I binding peptides derived from molecules with altered expression in tumor cells. Although the need for CD4+ helper T cells in regulating CD8+ T cells has been documented, their target epitopes and functional impact in antitumor responses remain unclear. We examined whether broadly expressed wild-type molecules in murine tumor cells eliciting humoral immunity contributed to the generation of CD8+ T cells and protective antitumor immune responses to unrelated tumor-specific antigens [mutated ERK2 (mERK2) and c-erbB2/HER/neu (HER2)]. The immunogenic wild-type molecules, presumably dependent on recognition by CD4+ helper T cells, were defined by serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries (SEREX) using tumor-derived λ phage libraries screened with IgG antibodies of hosts bearing transplanted 3-methylchoranthrene-induced tumors. Coimmunization of mice with plasmids encoding SEREX-defined murine wild-type molecules and mERK2 or HER2 led to a profound increase in CD8+ T cells specific for mERK2 or HER2 peptides. This heightened response depended on CD4+ T cells and copresentation of SEREX-defined molecules and CD8+ T cell epitopes. In tumor protection assays, immunization with SEREX-defined wild-type molecules and mERK2 resulted in an inhibition of pulmonary metastasis, which was not achieved by immunization with mERK2 alone.
Pneumococcal transformation--a backward view. Fourth Griffith Memorial Lecture.

Professor C. M. MacLeod, President of the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma, U.S.A. , who had agreed to give the 1972 Griffith Memorial Lecture, died on 12 February, 1972. No text of his lecture was available. Professor A. W. Downie generously agreed, at short notice, to give the lecture which follows, and which uses Professor MacLeod's intended title.
Continuous video‐EEG monitoring increases detection rate of nonconvulsive status epilepticus in the ICU

Purpose: Status epilepticus (SE) is an important neurologic emergency requiring treatment on an intensive care unit (ICU). Although convulsive SE is self‐evident, the diagnosis of nonconvulsive SE (NCSE) depends on electroencephalography (EEG) confirmation. Previous work showed that 82% of patients with SE had NCSE in our ICU. We hypothesize that continuous video‐EEG monitoring (CVEM) may increase the diagnostic yield in patients with SE, especially NCSE, and leave fewer patients undiagnosed.
Quantum Laplacian Eigenmap

Laplacian eigenmap algorithm is a typical nonlinear model for dimensionality reduction in classical machine learning. We propose an efficient quantum Laplacian eigenmap algorithm to exponentially speed up the original counterparts. In our work, we demonstrate that the Hermitian chain product proposed in quantum linear discriminant analysis (arXiv:1510.00113,2015) can be applied to implement quantum Laplacian eigenmap algorithm. While classical Laplacian eigenmap algorithm requires polynomial time to solve the eigenvector problem, our algorithm is able to exponentially speed up nonlinear dimensionality reduction.
Replicating Empirical Research In Behavioral Ecology: How And Why It Should Be Done But Rarely Ever Is

That empirical evidence is replicable is the foundation of science. Ronald Fisher, a founding father of biostatistics, recommended that a null hypothesis be rejected more than once because “no isolated experiment, however significant in itself, can suffice for the experimental demonstration of any natural phenomenon” (Fisher 1974:14). Despite this demand, animal behaviorists and behavioral ecologists seldom replicate studies. This practice is not part of our scientific culture, as it is in chemistry or physics, due to a number of factors, including a general disdain by journal editors and thesis committees for unoriginal work. I outline why and how we should replicate empirical studies, which studies should be given priority, and then elaborate on why we do not engage in this necessary endeavor. I also explain how to employ various statistics to test the replicability of a series of studies and illustrate these using published studies from the literature.
Experimental and Computational Assessment of Conditionally Essential Genes in Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT Genome-wide gene essentiality data sets are becoming available for Escherichia coli, but these data sets have yet to be analyzed in the context of a genome scale model. Here, we present an integrative model-driven analysis of the Keio E. coli mutant collection screened in this study on glycerol-supplemented minimal medium. Out of 3,888 single-deletion mutants tested, 119 mutants were unable to grow on glycerol minimal medium. These conditionally essential genes were then evaluated using a genome scale metabolic and transcriptional-regulatory model of E. coli, and it was found that the model made the correct prediction in ∼91% of the cases. The discrepancies between model predictions and experimental results were analyzed in detail to indicate where model improvements could be made or where the current literature lacks an explanation for the observed phenotypes. The identified set of essential genes and their model-based analysis indicates that our current understanding of the roles these essential genes play is relatively clear and complete. Furthermore, by analyzing the data set in terms of metabolic subsystems across multiple genomes, we can project which metabolic pathways are likely to play equally important roles in other organisms. Overall, this work establishes a paradigm that will drive model enhancement while simultaneously generating hypotheses that will ultimately lead to a better understanding of the organism.
Spatial information and visuospatial memory: Are the location of an object (WHERE) and the motion of an object (HOW) processed as the same module in spatial memory?

This study examined whether two types of information (location and motion) were processed as the same module in spatial memory. In this experiment, the selective interference paradigm, consisting of primary tasks and secondary interference tasks, was used. When participants were asked to retain location information and to carry out the secondary perceptual task (location) during the retention interval, the memory performance was deteriorated more than to carry out the secondary motion task. Similarly, when they were to retain motion information, the memory performance was severely interfered with the secondary motion task. These results suggested that even though these two types of information were considered spatial information, location information and motion information were independent of each other.
NOGLE PERSPEKTIVER PÅ TALESPROGSFORSKNING

Talesproget som fænomen kan meget vel være opstået samtidig med mennesket som art, dvs. for mellem 4 millioner og 200 000 år siden. Hvilken alder man regner med beror på livordan man drager grænserne, og hvilken teori om nienneskets evolution man tror på. Det er svært at forestille sig at mennesker nogen sinde har været mennesker uden at kunne tale med hinanden. Mange forskere har ovenikøbet hævdet at evnen til at tale på forskellige trin i menneskets udvikling helt enkelt har været afgorende for overlevelsen (en oversigt findes & i Mac Neilage, Studdert-Kennedy & Lindblom 1993). De biologiske krav som stilles af evnen til, talesprog og af den med denne evne sammenliærigende fordring om en sproglig organisation af begrebssystemet, kan måske hjælpe os til at forstå den udvikling af menneskets hjerne og hjernebark der fandt relativt hurtigt sted, sammenlignet med andre hojere primaters. Evnen til at tale er formodentlig biologisk funderet, og den forudsættes hos mennesket både ved psykologiske processer tig i opbygningen af forskellige sociale strukturer. Den storste del af menneskets virksomhed ville i realiteten være umulig at gennernfore uden talesprog. Behovet for og nytten af sprog fremgår naturligvis endnu tydeligere hvis vi til talesproget lægger skriftsproget. Skriften er sandsynligvis ikke som talesproget biologisk forankret og er under alle omstændigheder et lafikt yngre kommunikationsmiddel (kun 15.000-20.000 år gamrnelt). Dekte til trods har skriften haft en overvældende betydning pga. sin evne til at overskride rumlige og tidslige afstande, og den kollektive erindring som allerede talesproget muliggor, er med hjælp fra skriften blevet utroligt forstærket.
High reliable unilateral inductive axle counting sensor system and applications

This paper proposes a new high reliable unilateral inductive axle counting sensor prototype based on eddy-current principle. It could send out strong analog signal several kilometers away without any trackside or inner magnifying circuits because of its special open flux magnetic structure and signal processing method. The operational principle of the sensor is studied with modeling as well as the validation by experiments in labs. Signal processing is implemented to extract the information of train's occupation including the vehicle speed, traversing direction, wheel diameter and so on. It also conforms to the requirement of the Safety Integrity Level 3 standard. The performance of this proposed sensor is discussed with different operational conditions for the future work.
Adapting Tree Distance to Answer Retrieval and Parser Evaluation

The results of experiments on the application of tree-distance to an answer-retrieval task are reported. Various parameters in the definitions of tree-distance are considered, including wholevs-sub tree, node weighting, wild cards and lexical emphasis. The results show that improving parse-quality maps to improved performance on this tree-distance answer-retrieval task. It also shown that one of the parametrisations of treedistance performs better than the more familiar string-distance measure. keywords: tree-distance, question-answering, retrieval
Partial trisomy 6p due to maternal t(1;6) translocation

Partial trisomy 6p with duplications ranging from 6p21 to 6p25 is emerging as an established syndrome. A case of duplication of segment p22‐p25 of the short arm of chromosome 6 as the result of a maternal t (1;6)(q44;p22.2) translocation in a mentally retarded girl with congenital anomalies is reported here. The associated phenotypic anomalies are compared with other reported cases of duplication 6p involving adjacent regions.
Gynecologic malignancy in pregnancy

Gynecologic malignancy during pregnancy is a stressful problem. For the diagnosis and treatment of malignancy during pregnancy, a multidisciplinary approach is needed. Patients should be advised about the benefits and risk of treatment. When selecting a treatment for malignancy during pregnancy, the physiologic changes that occur with the pregnancy should be considered. Various diagnostic procedures that do not harm the fetus can be used. Laparoscopic surgery or laparotomy may be safely performed. The staging approach and treatment should be standard. Systemic chemotherapy during the first trimester should be delayed if possible. Radiation therapy should preferably start postpartum. Although delivery should be delayed preferably until after 35 weeks of gestation, termination of pregnancy may be considered when immediate treatment is required. Subsequent pregnancies do not increase the risk of malignancy recurrence.
The Effect of a Multidisciplinary Hospitalist/Physician and Advanced Practice Nurse Collaboration on Hospital Costs

Objective: To compare nurse practitioner/physician management of hospital care, multidisciplinary team-based planning, expedited discharge, and assessment after discharge to usual management. Background: In the context of managed care, the goal of academic medical centers is to provide quality care at the lowest cost and minimize length of stay (LOS) while not compromising quality. Methods: Comparative, 2-group, quasiexperimental design was used; 1,207 general medicine patients (n = 581 in the experimental group and n = 626 in the control group) were enrolled. The control unit provided usual care. The care management in the experimental unit had 3 different components: an advanced practice nurse who followed the patients during hospitalization and 30 days after discharge, a hospitalist medical director and another hospitalist, and daily multidisciplinary rounds. LOS, hospital costs, mortality, and readmission 4 months after discharge were measured. Results: Average LOS was significantly lower for patients in the experimental group than the control group (5 vs. 6 days, P < .0001). The "backfill profit" to the hospital was US$1591 per patient in the experimental group (SE, US$639). There were no significant group differences in mortality or readmissions. Conclusions: Collaborative physician/nurse practitioner multidisciplinary care management of hospitalized medical patients reduced LOS and improved hospital profit without altering readmissions or mortality.
Supplementary Issue: Network and Pathway Analysis of Cancer Susceptibility (a) Network Analysis of Circular Permutations in Multidomain Proteins Reveals Functional Linkages for Uncharacterized Proteins Cps in Dna Methyltransferases Were Earlier Studied by Jeltsch and Bujnicki

Open Access: Full open access to this and thousands of other papers at Introduction Given the complex nature of multidomain proteins, it comes as no surprise that they will be involved in very complicated diseases such as cancer. Various studies have implicated different multidomain proteins in cancer. Examples here include the BRICHOS superfamily, 1,2 and the BCL-2 family. 3–5 However , to our knowledge, there has been little or no detailed study on the role of circular permutations (CPs) in multi-domain proteins in cancer. Yet, circular proteins and CPs in proteins are becoming of increasing interest, especially given their role in the structure, function, folding, and stability of proteins. 6,7 In a circular (or cyclic) protein, the traditional N-and C-termini are joined, resulting in a protein sequence with neither a beginning nor an end. The cyclotides is a typical example of a naturally occurring family of cyclic proteins in the plant kingdom. Cyclotides are known to play a major role and provide important functions in terms of plant defense against insects and other pathogens. Their cyclic structure is known to be an important factor in their unusual stability. 7 Other common examples of cyclic proteins are the bacterio-cins, small antimicrobial peptides with 30–70 residues produced by bacteria, 10–12 cyclosporins found in fungi, 13 and the primate rhesus θ-defensin-1 14 with antibacterial properties for the immune system of macaque monkeys. A CP involves the modification of a protein, first by joining the N-and C-termini to form a circular protein, ABSTRACT: Various studies have implicated different multidomain proteins in cancer. However, there has been little or no detailed study on the role of circular multidomain proteins in the general problem of cancer or on specific cancer types. This work represents an initial attempt at investigating the potential for predicting linkages between known cancer-associated proteins with uncharacterized or hypothetical multidomain proteins, based primarily on circular permutation (CP) relationships. First, we propose an efficient algorithm for rapid identification of both exact and approximate CPs in multidomain proteins. Using the circular relations identified, we construct networks between multidomain proteins, based on which we perform functional annotation of multidomain proteins. We then extend the method to construct subnetworks for selected cancer subtypes, and performed prediction of potential linkages between uncharacterized multidomain proteins and the selected cancer types. We include practical results showing the performance of the proposed methods. SUPPLEMENT: network and Pathway analysis of Cancer susceptibility …
Assisted Diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN)

This paper introduces an automated computer- assisted system for the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) using ultra-large cervical histological digital slides. The system contains two parts: the segmentation of squamous epithelium and the diagnosis of CIN. For the segmentation, to reduce processing time, a multiresolution method is developed. The squamous epithelium layer is first segmented at a low (2X) resolution. The boundaries are further fine tuned at a higher (20X) resolution. The block-based segmentation method uses robust texture feature vectors in combination with support vector machines (SVMs) to perform classification. Medical rules are finally applied. In testing, segmentation using 31 digital slides achieves 94.25% accuracy. For the diagnosis of CIN, changes in nuclei structure and morphology along lines perpendicular to the main axis of the squamous epithelium are quantified and classified. Using multi-category SVM, perpendicular lines are classified into Normal, CIN I, CIN II, and CIN III. The robustness of the system in term of regional diagnosis is measured against pathologists' diagnoses and inter-observer variability between two pathologists is considered. Initial results suggest that the system has potential as a tool both to assist in pathologists' diagnoses, and in training.