Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supporting Early Adolescent Learning and Social Strengths: Promoting Productive Contexts for Students at-risk for EBD during the Transition to Middle School

This study involved a pilot examination of the impact of the Supporting Early Adolescent Learning and Social Strengths (SEALS) model on the 6th grade academic and social context following the transition to middle school. Two middle schools from a high poverty Appalachian school district were randomly assigned to the intervention and control condition. Following the SEALS training, students in the intervention school had higher peer norms for academic effort. Also, teachers in the intervention school had sustained levels of positive efficacy for meeting the instructional, behavioral, and social needs of all students while control teachers had a declining trend in their efficacy to meet students' needs across the school year. Further, compared to students in the control school, students in the intervention school with elevated levels of aggression were more likely to associate with academically productive peers and less likely to associate with peers who were identified as bullies or as victims. Implications for future research and for the development of strength-based programs for students at risk of EBD are discussed.
Reliability verification of fault-tolerant systems design based on mutation analysis

We propose in this work an innovative approach for system reliability verification based on an adaptation of the weak mutation analysis technique. This technique was originally proposed for software testing by means of verifying the adequacy of a test vectors set for a given program. We also present a case study to illustrate the proposed approach. This methodology is being automated through the development of CAD tools that perform fault injection and simulation data analysis.
A Locally Based Science Mentorship Program For High Achieving Students: Unearthing Issues That Influence Affective Outcomes

Little is known about the impact of university-situated science mentoring programs on the affect of high achieving high school students, and few science mentorship programs have been described. This study describes a university-based summer science mentorship program designed to offer participants a challenging science research experience and identifies issues that influence the affective outcomes for participants. Interview data was collected from eight participants at the 2nd and 6th weeks of participation. Student responses were summarized and iteratively searched to identify patterns within the responses for each interview. It was found that mentors played a crucial role in framing the participants' experience and influencing their affect and that careful selection and timing of research projects was critical to participants' attitude of learning and accomplishment. The implications for science mentorship program developers and for research are discussed.
Determining Public 2-Year College Faculty's Intent to Leave: An Empirical Model

Using data from the 1999 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty, this study examines the extent to which demographic variables, the quality of worklife, and satisfaction have an impact on community college faculty members' intentions of leave. The findings indicate that faculty members' worklife had a direct and powerful impact on their satisfaction, and subsequently on their intentions to stay or leave.
An Architecture for Behavior-Based Reinforcement Learning

This paper introduces an integration of reinforcement learning and behavior-based control designed to produce real-time learning in situated agents. The model layers a distributed and asynchronous reinforcement learning algorithm over a learned topological map and standard behavioral substrate to create a reinforcement learning complex. The topological map creates a small and task-relevant state space that aims to make learning feasible, while the distributed and asynchronous aspects of the architecture make it compatible with behavior-based design principles. We present the design, implementation and results of an experiment that requires a mobile robot to perform puck foraging in three artificial arenas using the new model, random decision making, and layered standard reinforcement learning. The results show that our model is able to learn rapidly on a real robot in a real environment, learning and adapting to change more quickly than both alternatives. We show that the robot is able to make the best choices it can given its drives and experiences using only local decisions and therefore displays planning behavior without the use of classical planning techniques.
TDLeaf(lambda): Combining Temporal Difference Learning with Game-Tree Search

In this paper we present TDLeaf(lambda), a variation on the TD(lambda) algorithm that enables it to be used in conjunction with minimax search. We present some experiments in both chess and backgammon which demonstrate its utility and provide comparisons with TD(lambda) and another less radical variant, TD-directed(lambda). In particular, our chess program, ``KnightCap,'' used TDLeaf(lambda) to learn its evaluation function while playing on the Free Internet Chess Server (FICS, fics.onenet.net). It improved from a 1650 rating to a 2100 rating in just 308 games. We discuss some of the reasons for this success and the relationship between our results and Tesauro's results in backgammon.
Generation within the L-shaped Method for Stochastic Linear Programs

We develop a method that incorporates column generation within the Lshaped method for solving two-stage stochastic linear programs. This method adds feasibility and optimality cuts generated from the second-stage subproblems based on the current columns in the master problem of the L-shaped method. It also generates columns for the master problem with respect to the first-stage constraints as well as existing feasibility and optimality cuts. We present different algorithmic strategies and prove finite convergence for a wide variety of approaches. We explore the performance of various algorithm designs that employ stabilization subroutines for strengthening both column and cut generation to effectively avoid degeneracy. To demonstrate the computational performances of the algorithmic approaches, we study a two-stage stochastic version of the cutting stock problem.
Juvenile Sex Offenders: Differences between Group and Solo Offenders

We report on findings from a study into differences in personality and background characteristics between juvenile sex offenders who commit their sex offenses on their own and those who do so in a group. Solo offenders were found to score significantly higher on neuroticism, impulsivity and sensation seeking, but scored lower on sociability. In addition, the solo offenders in the sample were more often recidivists for sexual offenses, and were more often themselves a victim of a sexual offense. Solo offenders were significantly older than juveniles who had committed a sexual offense with a group. On the basis of these results we recommend differential treatment for the two types of offenders.
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Containing Α6 Subunits Contribute to Alcohol Reward-related Behaviors Recommended Citation Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Containing Α6 Subunits Contribute to Alcohol Reward-related Behaviors

Evidence is emerging that neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system are involved in mediating the reinforcing effects of alcohol. Midbrain DA neurons express high levels of α6 subunit-containing nAChRs that modulate DA transmission, implicating their involvement in reward-related behaviors. The present study assessed the role of α6-containing nAChRs in modulating alcohol reward using transgenic mice expressing mutant, hypersensitive α6 nAChR subunits (α6L9′S mice). α6L9′S mice and littermate controls were tested in three well-established models of alcohol reward: 24-hr two-bottle choice drinking, drinking in the dark (DID), and conditioned place preference (CPP). Confocal microscopy and patch-clamp electrophysiology were used to demonstrate the localization and function of hypersensitive α6 subunit-containing nAChRs. Results indicate that female α6L9′S mice showed significantly higher alcohol intake at low concentrations of alcohol (3% and 6%) in the two-bottle choice procedure. Both male and female α6L9′S mice drank significantly more in the DID procedure and displayed an alcohol-induced place preference using a low dose of alcohol (0.5 g/kg) that was ineffective in littermate controls. Confocal microscopy showed that α6 subunit-containing nAChRs are selectively expressed on ventral tegmental area (VTA) DAergic, but not GABAergic neurons. Patch-clamp electrophysiology demonstrated that VTA DA neurons of α6L9′S mice are hypersensitive to ACh. Collectively, these results suggest that α6L9′S mice are more sensitive to the rewarding effects of alcohol, and suggest that VTA α6 subunit-containing nAChRs modulate alcohol reward. Thus, α6 subunit-containing nAChRs may be a promising therapeutic target for treatment of alcohol use disorders.
Design of thermal sigma-delta modulators for smart thermal sensors

This paper describes a new class of A/D converters based on the so called thermal sigma-delta principle. This class of converters is closely related to the conventional electrical sigma-delta A/D converter. A considerable part of the conversion functions is, however, performed in the thermal signal domain, resulting in a small, highly flexible and accurate configuration for the read-out and A/D conversion of thermal sensor signals. Two smart thermal flow sensors incorporating the thermal sigma-delta technique have been realized in both bipolar and BiCMOS processes, showing the advantages of the thermal sigma-delta technique. An integrated smart sensor suited for high speed (response time <10 ms) respiration monitoring and control as well as a sensor with an I/sup 2/C bus interface both using the thermal sigma-delta technique are presented.
RSA: RAID system with self-healing and active data migration

The reliability of the traditional RAID system can be guaranteed through the data backup and data redundant technologies. The system can utilize data recovery and reconstruction operations to recover data in case of the disk failure; however it will result in longer data recovery time and negative impact on system performances. Moreover, the possibility of secondary failure will be increased during the recovery period. This paper proposed a new RAID-based system using disk self-healing and active data migration technologies to improve the reliability of the storage system called RSA, which allocates reserved space in every disk and arranges to redirect the data in the non-repairable sectors to the reserved space, when the number of the bad sectors in the disk exceeds threshold, the system will copy data of the unreliable disk to a new one, this process, as we called active data migration can avoid lengthy data reconstruction. This technology can adjust migration speed to reduce the impact on the front end performance dynamically and prioritize user requests when the system I/O workload is bursting. The overall results indicate that the RSA storage system can improve reliability of the system with little influence.
Transcription in the Archaea: Basal Factors, Regulation, and Stress Gene Expression

A brief survey is presented of salient findings on transcription in the Archaea, focussing on stress genes of the hsp70(dnaK) locus, which code for the molecular chaperones Hsp70(DnaK), Hsp40(DnaJ), and GrpE. Archaeal basal factors and some recently characterized regulators pertinent to non-stress genes are presented first to show their similarities and differences with equivalents in organisms of the other two phylogenetic domains, Bacteria and Eucarya, and to reveal clues on how these or similar factors might transcribe and regulate the archaeal stress genes. The second part of the article deals with the hsp 70(dnaK)-locus genes, particularly those from Methanosarcina mazeii, because they are virtually the only ones within the methanogenic Archaea whose patterns of constitutive and stress-induced expressions have been studied. Therefore, these genes, provide a standardized model system to elucidate transcription initiation and regulation at the molecular level in this phylogenetic group. Promoters, and other cis-acting sites that are, or might be, involved in stress-gene expression are described. Conformational changes of basal transcription factors after interaction with stress-gene promoters are discussed that suggest ways for generating a large diversity of initiation complexes using a few factors and DNA sites in different combinations. Likewise, the effects of stress on DNA topology and on TBP–TFB-promoter complex formation and tightness are described, which might also contribute to the generation of transcription-initiation complex diversity. This diversity would be key to differential gene expression, namely, which genes are transcribed, when (basal, steady expression vs. sporadic stress-induced expression), and to what level. Future research should investigate this diversity, and the mechanism of complex formation and action at the atomic, molecular, and supramolecular levels to elucidate the dynamics of transcription initiation in real time.
The Roscommon Family Study. III. Schizophrenia-related personality disorders in relatives.

OBJECTIVES We sought to clarify the familial relationship between five putative schizophrenia-related personality disorders (schizotypal [SPD], paranoid, schizoid, avoidant, and borderline) and schizophrenia, other nonaffective psychoses, and affective illness. DESIGN A case-controlled epidemiologic family study using DSM-III-R criteria. PARTICIPANTS Five hundred thirty-four probands selected from a psychiatric case register or electoral register, of whom 415 were personally interviewed, and 2043 living and traceable relatives, of whom 1753 were personally interviewed. RESULTS Compared with relatives of unscreened controls, relatives of probands with schizophrenia had a highly significantly increased prevalence of SPD, and modest, but significant, increased prevalences of paranoid, schizoid, and avoidant personality disorders. Borderline personality disorder was rare, with a modest clustering of cases in relatives of affective disorder probands. The prevalence of SPD was also significantly elevated in relatives of probands with SPD and with other nonaffective psychoses but not in relatives of probands with psychotic or nonpsychotic affective illness. In contrast to the pattern seen for schizophrenia, the prevalence rate of SPD was substantially greater in parents than in siblings of schizophrenic probands. CONCLUSIONS Schizotypal personality disorder has a strong familial relationship with schizophrenia. Paranoid, schizoid, and avoidant, but not borderline, personality disorders may have a significant familial relationship with schizophrenia. Schizotypal personality disorder also reflects the familial liability to other psychotic disorders but probably not to affective illness. Fitness effects may substantially influence the pattern of schizophrenia-related personality disorders in relatives.
Uso de álcool e expectativas do beber entre universitários: uma análise das diferenças entre os sexos

O estudo analisou comparativamente o consumo de alcool e expectativas do beber de homens e mulheres, verificando a relacao entre as variaveis . Contou-se com uma amostra de 238 universitarios, que responderam aos instrumentos AUDIT e AEQ-A. Homens apresentaram prevalencia significativamente maior de uso de alcool no ano, uso problematico e binge . Expectativas de transformacoes globais positivas e de melhora no desempenho sexual foram maiores entre os homens. Houve correlacao positiva entre expectativas e a severidade de problemas associados ao consumo de alcool para ambos os generos, no entanto, essa relacao foi significativa apenas para os homens. Resultados indicam um papel importante das diferencas de genero em acoes de prevencao mais precisas e eficazes sobre o beber de homens e mulheres.
Will the Market Set Them Free? Women, NGOs, and Social Enterprise in Ukraine

During 1999 Counterpart International Inc. a global partnership organization with its headquarters in the United States introduced "social enterprise" to Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Ukraine via a training and granting program that lasted until 2002. This article explores the potential benefits and risks that taking up strategies of social enterprise present for NGO leaders in Ukraine examining in particular the possible effects for women NGO activists as they struggle to navigate post-socialist political social and economic transformations. As it has unfolded in Ukraine social enterprise is an NGO development strategy implicitly directed towards women who dominate in certain types of caring-focused NGOs. It is thus important to assess the potential of social enterprise initiatives to empower women in Ukraines emerging civil society and market economy. (authors)
Shifting to Digital: Difficulties, Challenges, and Opportunities—A Qualitative Interview Study of Practitioners’ Experiences in the U.S.

Consumers’ attention is more divided than ever, and the value of that attention has reached unprecedented levels. The Internet has changed the way we communicate, the way we amuse, and the way we live. And, as a consequence, both the entertainment industry and the advertising industry are being forced to redefine their relationship and their bonds with audiences. This has put severe pressure on how they operate as they try to adapt to a new scenario mainly characterized by unpredictability. Using data from 13 semi-structured in-depth interviews, this paper explores the transformation of the advertising industry in the “digital age” by means of examining practitioners’ narratives related to business models, relationship with consumers, metrics and analytics, organizational structure, and the integration of digital and traditional strategies.
Habituation of western gorillas: the process and factors that influence it

Habituation of western gorillas to human presence is generally an expensive, lengthy and difficult process. Here we describe the habituation process for two groups of western gorillas at the Mondika Research Center, with the hope that the lessons we learned will facilitate future gorilla studies. We expand upon earlier studies by describing the process through complete habituation for both males and females, and for more than one group. The major obstacle to habituation was developing sufficient tracking skills to follow gorilla trail on a daily basis. Once this was achieved, the silverback became semi‐habituated (i.e. ignoring human presence during half of contacts) within a year, although the majority of group females continued to avoid humans. As female presence at contacts increased, a period of male recidivism followed, requiring an additional year before his complete habituation was reached. Habituating the females took longer than the male, but we found, contrary to earlier studies, that it consisted of the same stages, including avoidance, aggression, and curiosity before habituation. We compare results between groups and across sites and discuss how factors such as tracking abilities, group size and cohesion, population density and home range overlap, and the manner of approaching gorillas during contacts influence the habituation process. Am. J. Primatol. 69:1354–1369, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using Artificial Intelligence in Intrusion Detection Systems

Artificial Intelligence could make the use of Intrusion Detection Systems a lot easier than it is today. They could learn the preferences of the security officers and show the kind of alerts first that the officer has previously been most interested. As always, the hardest thing with learning AIs, is to make them learn the right things. AIs could learn the same things as a rule-based system by watching a security officer work. AIs could also link together events that, by themselves, are insignificant but when combined may indicate that an attack is underway. In this article I’ll compare AI-based solutions to traditional IDS solutions, and analyze how the AIs could be taught.
Effects of Advertisement Speech Rates on Feature Recognition, and Product and Speaker Ratings

Abstract Analogue radio commercials were used to investigate the relationship between speech rates and listeners' recognition of message content, and judgements of products and speakers. In Experiment I, immediately after listening to a simulated radio advertisement (Ad) that presented 17 standard features of a fictitious car at one of three different rates (fast=212, medium=113, and slow=56 words per minute) listeners rated the car and speaker and completed a feature recognition task. Those who listened to the fast Ad rated the car significantly higher than those who listened to the medium Ad. In Experiment II, participants performed the feature recognition task and rated the product and speaker 10 minutes after listening to the advertisement. Participants who listened to the medium Ad rated the product significantly higher than those who listened to the fast Ad. Discussion centers around message source and content variables, sleeper effects, and information processing models of attention and memory whic.
Corporeidad y lenguaje: la acción como texto y expresión

El presente trabajo aborda un analisis sobre la dimension encarnada del lenguaje, revisando los supuestos conceptuales de la cognicion, mente y lenguaje. A partir de la emergencia de nuevos antecedentes y conocimientos provenientes de diferentes aereas disciplinares y tomando la fenomenologia de Merleau-Ponty como opcion epistemica se realiza una critica de las aproximaciones funcionales del lenguaje y su contraste con descripciones fenomenologicas y de las ciencias cognitivas. Los resultados del trabajo se orientan a explicitar el lenguaje como un proceso que expresa el cuerpo vivido o corporeidad, lo que establece la posibilidad de considerar la motricidad, entendida como intencionalidad en despliegue, como un texto o interpretacion discursiva no verbal.
Secure Three-Factor User Authentication Scheme for Renewable-Energy-Based Smart Grid Environment

Smart grid (SG) technology has recently received significant attention due to its usage in maintaining demand response management in power transmission systems. In SG, charging of electric vehicles becomes one of the emerging applications. However, authentication between a vehicle user and a smart meter is required so that both of them can securely communicate for managing demand response during peak hours. To address the above mentioned issues, in this paper, we propose a new efficient three-factor user authentication scheme for a renewable energy-based smart grid environment (TUAS-RESG), which uses the lightweight cryptographic computations such as one-way hash functions, bitwise XOR operations, and elliptic curve cryptography. The detailed security analysis shows the robustness of TUAS-RESG against various well-known attacks. Moreover, TUAS-RESG provides superior security with additional features, such as dynamic smart meter addition, flexibility for password and biometric update, user and smart meter anonymity, and untraceability as compared to other related existing schemes. The practical demonstration of TUAS-RESG is also proved using the widely accepted NS2 simulation.