Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
User Association, Subchannel and Power Allocation in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Vehicular Network With Delay Constraints

The space-air-ground integrated vehicular networks (SAGVN) has significant advantages in satisfying the requirements of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) business for wide area coverage and long-distance communications. However, the multi-dimensional nature of the SAGVN leads to diverse network resources, it is necessary to provide different services for various scenarios, which makes the problem of network resource allocation becomes extremely challenging. In this paper, we focus on the resource allocation of small cells in SAGVN. Specifically, the user association is considered to optimize connection between base stations and vehicles. On this basis, a subchannel and power allocation method is designed. The proposed subchannel allocation scheme ensures that users can obtain the maximum gain on its subchannel, and the Lagrangian duality theory is introduced to solve the power allocation problem. Meanwhile, the edge computing is applied to the SAGVN, and the vehicles can offload the local tasks to the edge server. In order to reduce the delay in the offloading process, taking the time delay as a constraint condition can further optimize the communication performance. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the sum rate of small cells in SAGVN, and the performance is better than existing algorithms.
A Frequency Selective Surface with Wide Passband and Lower-Rejection Band Based on Magneto-Electric Dipole Antennas

A new frequency selective surface (FSS) with a wide passband and lower-rejection band is proposed, its unit cell is composed of two magneto-electric (ME) dipole antennas connected by a slotted GND plane. The 38.5% 3-dB fractional bandwidth (FBW3dB), 77.1% and 13.8% 20-dB fractional bandwidths (FBW20dB) in the lower and upper rejection bands are respectively obtained. Simulated results show that the proposed FSS is with wide passband and wide rejection band, dual-polarized application, and low profile.
Research on Radiation Characteristics of Acoustic Excited Miniaturized Antenna Based on Lithium Niobate Piezoelectric Crystal

The size of the antenna is a major factor limiting radio equipment downsizing. However, the size of a traditional antenna is restricted by the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave, making it difficult to minimize the size of the antenna by an order of magnitude. The proposed mechanical antenna based on acoustic excitation has been predicted to deal with this problem in recent years. This paper explains research on the radiation characteristics of an acoustic excited antenna based on a piezoelectric crystal made of lithium niobite (LN). Resonant frequency, voltage linearity, and radiation intensity in the near-field have all been studied. Finally, the calculated radiation efficiency of the LN piezoelectric antenna would be around 3×10-10.
Particular Model for Efficient Switching Frequency Loss Consideration in Surface Mounted Permanent Magnets

This article proposes a particular modeling procedure for efficient switching frequency loss consideration in surface mounted permanent magnet rotors in cases of pulse width modulation (PWM) supply. The model is based on 2-D finite-element analysis (FEA) combined with circuit equations in the permanent magnet regions enabling end effects consideration associated with the switching frequency, which is responsible for the major part of eddy current losses in the magnets. The model’s accuracy is validated through measurements in a magnetic circuit. Comparison between measured and simulation losses by implementing a traditional loss separation analysis has illustrated the relative dominance of switching frequency eddy current losses in permanent magnets and the feasibility of the proposed methodology.
Wideband Circular Polarized Antenna with high Gain for UAV applications

Based on multi-mode resonance theory, this letter proposes a wideband circularly polarized patch antenna for unmanned aerial vehicle (UVA) applications. Firstly, a two-layered patch antenna model is established, and its effective permittivity together with its feeding influence is analyzed. Secondly, two traditional circular polarization (CP) approaches are applied to this model together, integrating two sets of resonances in one patch, forming wideband CP performance. Additionally, four parasitic patches are introduced around the original center patch, adding new AR minimums. In this way, CP bandwidth is further enhanced and meanwhile the antenna gain is increased, better meeting the requirement of UVA applications. The antenna is finally fabricated and measured. Results show that a wide 2-dB CP bandwidth of 32.1% is achieved and a stable high-gain performance with a peak gain of 8 dBi is realized.
Transfer Learning-based Driver Distraction Detection

Due to driver’s preoccupation, there have been more accidents on the roads recently all around the world. One of the key explanations is attributed to human behavior. Accidents have been linked mostly to drivers’ distraction. This sudden road crush frequently causes injuries, property loss, or even fatalities. The automated interpretation of the driver’s behavior is one of the trickiest subjects in the field of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). This study looks on the human action recognition aspect of distracted driving posture recognition. There have been several reports of inattentive driving causing auto accidents. The goal is to use cutting-edge transfer learning techniques like MobileNetV2 and DenseNet to identify distracted driving activities more effectively. As driving is a complex task, it requires complete attention of the driver. Distractions of the driver can be due to talking phone calls, texting, talking to another passenger, drinking, operating radio. To identify distractions while driving, it is crucial to observe and evaluate the driver’s behavior. Images of the driver serve as the main source of data and that comprises of face, arms, and hands of the person inside the car. To decrease vehicle accidents and enhance transportation security, it is extremely desirable and has received a significant amount of study to develop a system that can detect distracted driving. In this study, transfer learning models like DenseNet and MobileNetV2 are used to classify and detect driver distraction. The best performance was produced by MobileNetV2, which has an accuracy of 93.8.
Wideband Dual-Polarized Filtering Magneto-Electric Dipole Antenna

This article shows a dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna with filtering characteristics. The proposed antenna is configured with four horizontal metal patches, four vertical shorted patches, two Г-shaped metal feeding strips, and one ground plane with two loop slots. The two Г-shaped metal strips are connected to 50 Ω SMA connectors and used to excite the proposed antenna. The simulation results of the antenna show that when the reflection coefficient is less than 10dB, the working bandwidth of the antenna is 1.55GHz - 3.54GHz, and the impedance bandwidth reaches 78.03%, at this time, the gain of the antenna can reach 7dBi for the two ports, the out-of-band suppression of the antenna can achieve more than 17dB, the isolation between port 1 and port 2 is greater than 17dB, and the antenna shows good single radiation characteristics.
Comparative Analysis of Mechanical Characteristics of Different Rotor Structures of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Hydrogen Recirculation Pumps

In this paper, a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is designed and manufactured for hydrogen recirculation pumps (HRPs). The motor rotor is exposed to a high-pressure mixture of steam and hydrogen, which makes hydrogen embrittlement occur in permanent magnets (PMs). A protective coating process is necessary for the PMs in high-pressure hydrogen. However, in the process of sleeve interference installation, the protective coating of the PMs is easily damaged. This paper aims at the high-strength rotor optimization of high-speed PMSM for HRPs in terms of electromagnetic and mechanical performance. A new sleeve structure is proposed to strengthen the motor rotor considering the manufacturing process. The electromagnetic performance is optimized by adjusting the ratio of PMs with different magnetization directions with the different sleeve structures. A 25000r/min, 800W prototype has been manufactured and the effectiveness of analysis methods has been validated by the experimental results.
A THz-OAM multi-beam antenna based on multilayer transmissive metasurface

A terahertz (THz) orbital angular momentum (OAM) multi-beam antenna based on a multilayer transmissive metasurface is proposed in this paper. The transmissive units with uniform insertion loss and phase shift of 2π are designed firstly, then the design principle of the antenna that can generate multi beams is studied. The designed antenna can simultaneously generate two OAM beams with different propagation directions and modes under illumination by a Gaussian beam at 100 GHz. The simulation results show a good agreement with the theoretical design, and the mode purities of the generated OAM beams could exceed 96%.
Frequency-Multiplexed Geometric Phase Metasurface for Retroreflector Applications

In this paper, a frequency-multiplexed metasurface is proposed to actualize independent reflective geometric phase controls at two frequencies based on a well-designed dual-band meta-atom composed of split-ring resonators (SRRs). As an illustrative example, a metasurface carrying two distinct phase profiles at 8.7 and 16 GHz is designed for retroreflector applications with high efficiency. The simulated retroreflection angles agree very well with the theoretical results, which validate the proposed design methodology.
An Integrated Substrate Gap Waveguide Filter Metalens Antenna for 6G THz Band

Terahertz (THz) technology has become one of the key technologies of future wireless communications. In this paper, combining Through-Silicon Via (TSV) with Integrated Substrate Gap Wave-guide (ISGW), a terahertz filter metalens antenna suitable for 6G wireless communication is proposed. Based on TSV based ISGW that is capable of suppressing surface waves and reducing antenna losses, ultra-wideband filtering function is formed by circular ring resonators with different impedance branches, broadband radiation characteristics are obtained by interdigital slots, and Huygens meta-surface lens is used to improve antenna gain. A 46.1% relative bandwidth in 142-227 GHz and more than 14 dBi gain are achieved with a small footprint. This antenna is suitable for 6G THz communications.
A Single-Layer Circularly Polarized Filtering Patch Antenna With Frequency Reconfiguration

A single-layer patch circular polarization antenna with filtering response and frequency reconfiguration is presented. The radiating patch is loaded with two notches and eight shorting pins. Two orthogonal modes are excited by a single coaxial probe feed. Four varactors are symmetrically loaded around the center of patch to achieve frequency tuning. Two radiation nulls are created for improving the band selectivity. For verification, a circularly polarized filtering antenna tuning from 2 GHz to 2.6 GHz is designed and simulated.
Improving Fault Tolerance of LoRaWAN With Predicting Packet Collision

the dependability of IIoT functionality is strongly influenced by its communication protocols. One of the most popular communication standards for the Internet of Things, whose features make it attractive in the IIoT field, is LoRaWAN. LoRaWAN can be considered a low-consumption competitor to cellular networks. This protocol has important features such as long-range coverage, low energy consumption, and a low implementation cost. Although the LoRaWAnfeatures make it a good choice for IoT applications, the existence of real-time constraints and a harsh environment in the IIoT field make it a challenge for network designers to guarantee the dependability of IIoT networks with LoRaWAN. Therefore, in this paper, to overcome this challenge, a novel method is presented for improving energy consumption efficiency, latency, and fault tolerance of the LoRaWAN protocol. The evaluation results show that the proposed method improves packet delivery and latency rate by 11% and 21% compared to standard LoRaWAn.
An adaptive edge detection method for extracting images of defect steel plates under complex background

Aiming at the problem that the traditional single algorithm is poor for image edge detection and target region extraction in complex backgrounds, an improved Canny operator is proposed to realize defective steel plate image edge detection and target region extraction. The bilateral filtering and the improved Otsu method are introduced to realize image denoising and double threshold adaptive adjustment of Canny detector respectively, and the feature index with prior knowledge is constructed to filter the image background and extract the target region. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the traditional edge detection method in terms of accuracy and robustness.
Enhancing Software Testing with Machine Learning Techniques

Software testing is a crucial component of software development that helps ensure the quality and reliability of a software system. By performing tests, developers can identify potential bugs and malfunctions and correct them before the final product is released to the market. The use of machine learning algorithms in software testing not only improves efficiency and accuracy but also helps reduce manual testing efforts. The algorithms analyze patterns and use statistical methods to identify areas that need to be tested. This results in a more comprehensive and thorough testing process, making it possible to deliver high-quality software systems to customers.
Influence of Poloxamer on the Dissolution and Stability of Hot-Melt Extrusion–Based Amorphous Solid Dispersions Using Design of Experiments

The current study aimed to see the effects of poloxamer P407 on the dissolution performance of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (AquaSolve™ HPMC-AS HG)-based amorphous solid dispersions (ASD). A weakly acidic, poorly water-soluble active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), mefenamic acid (MA), was selected as a model drug. Thermal investigations, including thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), were conducted for raw materials and physical mixtures as a part of the pre-formulation studies and later to characterize the extruded filaments. The API was blended with the polymers using a twin shell V-blender for 10 min and then extruded using an 11-mm twin-screw co-rotating extruder. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the morphology of the extruded filaments. Furthermore, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was performed to check the intermolecular interactions of the components. Finally, to assess the in vitro drug release of the ASDs, dissolution testing was conducted in phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.4) and hydrochloric acid–potassium chloride (HCl-KCl) buffer (0.1 M, pH 1.2). The DSC studies confirmed the formation of the ASDs, and the drug content of the extruded filaments was observed to be within an acceptable range. Furthermore, the study concluded that the formulations containing poloxamer P407 exhibited a significant increase in dissolution performance compared to the filaments with only HPMC-AS HG (at pH 7.4). In addition, the optimized formulation, F3, was stable for over 3 months when exposed to accelerated stability studies. Graphical Abstract
Dapsone-Loaded Mixed Micellar Gel for Treatment OF Acne Vulgaris

Mixed polymeric micelles are potential nanocarriers for topical drug delivery. Dapsone (DAP) is an antibacterial used as anti-acne agent, but challenged by low water solubility and poor skin permeability. In the present study, DAP-loaded mixed micellar gel was developed comprising Pluronics F-68 and F-127. Micelles were prepared by solvent evaporation method and particle size, ex vivo permeation, drug loading, and entrapment efficiency were determined. Central Composite Design was used to optimize formulation. Independent variables were concentration of Pluronics at three levels while micelle size and drug loading capacities were dependent variables. Droplet size ranged from 400 to 500 nm. Transmission electron microscopy revealed spherical morphology of micelles. Optimized micelles were incorporated into gel base using HPMC K100M, Sodium CMC, and Carbopol 980 as gelling agents. Gels were evaluated for pH, drug content, spreadability, rheology, syneresis, ex vivo permeation, and subacute dermal toxicity. Compared with solubility of free DAP (0.24+0.056 µg/ml), solubility in mixed micelles was 18.42±3.4 µg/ml in water at room temperature. Order of spreadability of gels was Na CMC < HPMC < Carbopol 980. Carbopol gels displayed thixotropy with index of 3.17. Syneresis for all gels from day 0 to day 30 was found to be in range of 4.2 to 15.6% w/w. Subacute dermal toxicity studies showed no signs of erythema and edema on rat skin until 21 days. These results suggest that mixed micelles can significantly increase solubility and permeability and sustain release of DAP and are suitable carriers for topical DAP delivery in anti-acne therapies. Graphical Abstract
A compact microstrip-fed open slot antenna for dual slant polarization with good isolation

Abstract A V-shape slot antenna for dual slant polarization is proposed. The slot is the union of two stepped rectangular slots tilted at ±45° with the vertical. Each section of the slot is excited using a microstrip feed line printed on the other side of the substrate. The feed is also stepped and bent so as to cross the slot at right angles. The decoupling between the ports is provided by means of narrow rectangular stubs placed at the intersection of the slot arms. Measurements taken on the fabricated prototype indicate an impedance bandwidth from 3.3 to 12 GHz with isolation better than 15 dB across the band. The aperture electric field distributions as well as far field radiation patterns are used to verify the dual slant polarization achieved with the antenna. The time domain characterization of the antenna is done by calculating the fidelity factor which is found to be >0.75 indicating suitability of the antenna for pulse transmission. For determining the diversity behavior, the envelope correlation coefficient is calculated and found to be below 0.004. The antenna has a peak gain from 4 to 6 dBi. A modified design of the antenna is also presented with impedance bandwidth from 3 to 12 GHz and isolation better than 20 dB from 3.7 GHz onwards. With compact features and wideband return loss and isolation, the antennas are expected to be useful for diversity applications in ultra wideband communication devices such as MIMO wifi, imaging radars, and polarimetric sensing devices.
A Comparison of Machine Learning Methods and Conventional Logistic Regression for the Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality in Acute Biliary Pancreatitis

Objectives For population databases, multivariable regressions are established analytical standards. The utilization of machine learning (ML) in population databases is novel. We compared conventional statistical methods and ML for predicting mortality in biliary acute pancreatitis (biliary AP). Methods Using the Nationwide Readmission Database (2010–2014), we identified patients (age ≥18 years) with admissions for biliary AP. These data were randomly divided into a training (70%) and test set (30%), stratified by the outcome of mortality. The accuracy of ML and logistic regression models in predicting mortality was compared using 3 different assessments. Results Among 97,027 hospitalizations for biliary AP, mortality rate was 0.97% (n = 944). Predictors of mortality included severe AP, sepsis, increasing age, and nonperformance of cholecystectomy. Assessment metrics for predicting the outcome of mortality, the scaled Brier score (odds ratio [OR], 0.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16–0.33 vs 0.18; 95% CI, 0.09–0.27), F-measure (OR, 43.4; 95% CI, 38.3–48.6 vs 40.6; 95% CI, 35.7–45.5), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94–0.97 vs 0.95; 95% CI, 0.94–0.96) were comparable between the ML and logistic regression models, respectively. Conclusions For population databases, traditional multivariable analysis is noninferior to ML-based algorithms in predictive modeling of hospital outcomes for biliary AP.
Challenges with Breastfeeding

Abstract Background and Significance: Breastfeeding problems are common; however, health care providers vary widely in their ability to address them effectively. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relative frequencies of common breastfeeding challenges and their associations with maternal well-being. Study Design and Methods: Women completed an online survey in which they described breastfeeding problems. Factor analysis was used to identify problems that co-occurred frequently, as well as the problems most strongly associated with maternal distress, maternal perceptions of greater severity, and postpartum depression or postpartum anxiety. Results: There were 535 responses to the online survey; of these, 457 answered the question about the nature of their breastfeeding difficulties. Pain with breastfeeding was the most common breastfeeding problem. Difficulties with milk supply and milk intake were most strongly associated with heightened maternal distress and perceptions of severity. Clinical Implications: Coordinated care for breastfeeding dyads, in which providers acknowledge the complex and reciprocal nature of many breastfeeding problems, has the potential to improve maternal satisfaction with breastfeeding as well as breastfeeding metrics. Breastfeeding challenges are common. In this study of over 450 new mothers who were recruited from social media, breastfeeding pain, nipple trauma, and perceived insufficient milk supply were the most frequently reported barriers to women reaching their breastfeeding goals. Nurses can use these data to advise women what to expect during breastfeeding and offer options prospectively that may help to avoid some of these situations.
Histopathological Changes in Liver of Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis Requiring Surgical Intervention and Their Clinical Significance

Objectives The histopathological changes in the liver and their clinical implication in chronic pancreatitis (CP) have not been studied well. We analyzed the incidence, risk factors, and long-term outcomes of these changes in CP. Methods Chronic pancreatitis patients who underwent surgery with intraoperative liver biopsy from 2012 to 2018 formed the study group. Based on liver histopathology, 3 groups were formed: normal liver, group NL; fatty liver, group FL; and inflammation/fibrosis, group FS. The risk factors and long-term outcomes, including mortality, were evaluated. Results Among 73 patients, 39 (53.4%) had idiopathic, and 34 (46.6%) had alcoholic CP. The median age was 32 years, 52 (71.2%) were males and comprised NL, n = 40 (55%); FL, n = 22 (30%); and FS, n = 11 (15%). The preoperative risk factors were comparable among NL and FL groups. Overall 14 of 73 patients (19.2%) (NL, 5 of 40; FL, 5 of 22; FS, 4 of 11 [P = 0.82]) had died at median follow-up of 36 months (range, 25–85 months). The main causes of mortality were tuberculosis and severe malnutrition secondary to pancreatic insufficiency. Conclusions The mortality is higher in patients with inflammation/fibrosis or steatosis in liver biopsy, and such patients need monitoring for progression of liver disease and pancreatic insufficiency.