Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Zwischen Verantwortungsübernahme und Autonomieentwicklung: Jugendliche mit einem psychisch kranken Elternteil

Obwohl zu den Belastungen und Entwicklungsrisiken von Kindern psychisch kranker Eltern mittlerweile eine relativ umfangreiche Grundlagenforschung existiert, liegen speziell zur Lebenssituation von betroffenen Jugendlichen bislang kaum Untersuchungen vor. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Interviewstudie vorgestellt, in der n = 15 Jugendliche (15-21 Jahre) mit einem psychisch kranken Elternteil befragt wurden. Dabei wurde die Lebenssituation der Studienteilnehmer primar aus entwicklungspsychologischer Sicht (d. h. unter besonderer Berucksichtigung alterstypischer Entwicklungsaufgaben) untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der Lebensalltag und die Zukunftsperspektiven der Jugendlichen vielfach stark von der elterlichen Erkrankung beeinflusst sind. Aus den Untersuchungsergebnissen werden Schlussfolgerungen fur Forschung und psychosoziale Praxis abgeleitet. Generell sollten Hilfen fur Kinder psychisch Kranker moglichst fruhzeitig bereitgestellt werden. Bei der Planung von speziellen Unterstutzungsangeboten fur betroffene Jugendliche sollte die Anschlussfahigkeit an deren Lebenswelt beachtet werden. Die Einbeziehung gleichaltriger Jugendlicher (peer counselling) und die Bereitstellung web-basierter Beratungsangebote konnen dabei helfen, jugendliche Klienten besser zu erreichen. Schlagworter Psychisch kranke Eltern - Angehorige - Kinder - Jugendliche - Belastung By now there is a relatively broadly based basic research as to burden and developmental risks in children of mentally ill parents. Nevertheless, hardly any studies exist focusing the living situation of teenagers concerned. This article presents results from an in-depth interview study with 15 adolescents (15 to 21 years old) who have a mentally ill parent. Particularly, the living situation of the study participants was explored from the perspective of developmental psychology, i. e. considering age-specific developmental tasks. The results show that, in many cases, daily life and future perspectives of adolescents are greatly affected by the mental illness of a parent. Based on the results of the study, the article presents conclusions for further research and psychosocial practice. Generally, professional assistance for children of mentally ill people should be on hand as early as possible. When planning specific help offers for adolescents affected, compatibility to their emotional life-world should be taken into consideration. Involving peer counsellors and offering web-based psychological assistance can contribute to better get in touch with adolescent clients. Keywords Mentally ill parents - caregivers - children - adolescents - burden
Optimal Arbitration of Control Tasks by Job Skipping in Cyber-Physical Systems

We consider cyber-physical systems where several physical plants are controlled by digital controllers implemented as periodic tasks executing in one embedded computer. If overload situations occur, control performances of the controlled plants may degrade seriously. We introduce an arbiter which accepts or drops jobs released by the tasks to avoid the overload situations. We consider a cost function to evaluate degradation of control performances by the drop. We assume that jobs are scheduled by the EDF algorithm and propose an arbitration algorithm to minimize the cost function so that all accepted jobs meet their deadlines and all plants are stabilized.
Writing letters to patients

Writing letters to general practitioners (GPs) has long been accepted as an integral part of conventional routine psychiatric practice. GPs send their patients along with a referral letter and quite rightly expect a written response. The amount of detail we send back varies, but the standard assessment outlines a formulation of the problem with reference to presenting symptoms, diagnosis, aetiology, treatment and prognosis. This is regarded as a key part of quality clinical management, and is integral to modern models of integrative care and shared care clinical models. Furthermore, during the course of recovery, it is reasonable for GPs to expect regular letters from the psychiatrist keeping them informed of any progress and changes to treatment plan. Writing letters to patients, however, is less conventional and does not occur routinely in psychiatric practice. The majority of letters that are sent from psychiatrists to patients consist of appointment reminders, cancellations or invoices for service. Although it can be argued that confidential correspondence between professionals is sometimes necessary, it seems strange that patients are often kept out of the correspondence loop. This is particularly discordant with the increasing emphasis on the primacy of the patient in clinical decision-making, and role of the consumer as the central focus in modern health systems development. In the National Health Service plan, the UK government made a commitment to send patients copies of letters written between clinicians (1): ‘The Good Practice Guidelines issued by the Department of Health in (2003) advised that as a general rule (and where patients agreed), letters written by one healthcare professional to another should be copied to the patients concerned’ (2).
Predicting Selection and Activity in Television Genre Viewing

"Active" television viewing has meant (among other things) selective exposure to types of content, attention to that content, and several different kinds of other activities during viewing itself. This study argues that such meanings are differently predicted by three types of predictors (individuals' gratifications sought from different television genres, their expertise with these genres, and their need for cognition), and also vary by genre. Two different instrumental reasons for viewing (mood and content preference) both predicted selective viewing and thinking while viewing, but only content preference predicted attentive viewing. Casual reasons for viewing were related to less viewing and more channel surfing behavior. Need for cognition was unrelated to variation in genre viewing, but it was related in differing but sensible ways to attention to different genres. These results support the utility of genre in differentiating processes in television viewing and further argue for making a number of distinctions in research: between genres, between gratifications, between gratifications and other predictors, and between selective viewing and during-viewing activities.
The Constructivist Approach to Learning

The Teaching & Learning section of the Organization Management Journal has been open to many approaches to classroom innovation. The common thread has always been to find interesting ideas that might provoke new ideas and new techniques that interest our students. The two articles presented in this issue do that in interesting and unusual ways. The first of these articles is “Using the Three Stooges to Illustrate the Scientific Method,” by Steven M. Dunphy and Joe Dobson. Regarding the use of the Three Stooges as a bridge to the scientific method, you are probably thinking, “Well sure, who doesn’t do that? ” But don’t be hasty in your judgment. Dunphy and Dobson have a thoroughly engaging article on teaching a subject that is famously cut-and-dried in its presentation. The second article is “You Want Me to Trust You? Using Adventure Learning to Teach Millennials About Trust,” by Kathleen J. Barnes, George E. Smith, and Madeline Constantine. A quote from the authors of our second article actually helps to frame the use of the Stooges as a teaching tool for today’s students: “Foremost among [our] challenges is finding teaching approaches and methods that hold the potential to compel this cohort to question their existing models and beliefs about what they already believe to be real, unchangeable, and immovable in their lives and life experience” (p. 255). The need to question models and beliefs is exactly what will make both these articles interesting to OMJ readers. In explaining student engaged education, the website of the University of California (UC)–Davis Center for Experiential Learning has this to say about the topic:
Emergency stop algorithm for walking humanoid robots

This paper presents an emergency stop algorithm of a walking humanoid robot. There are many cases which force a walking robot to stop quickly without falling. Since an emergency occurs at unpredictable timing and at any state of robot, the stopping motion must be generated in real-time. To overcome these problems, our emergency stop motion is divided into four phases according to the role of the zero-moment point (ZMP). In each phase, approximate analytical solutions of the center of gravity (COG) dynamics is used to generate the motion. During the single support phase, a landing time and position are determined by evaluating the average velocity of the swing leg and the horizontal position of the COG. During the double support phase, the travel distance of the COG and the ZMP are evaluated. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by simulation and experiment using a humanoid robot HRP-2.
Design of Structured Regular LDPC Codes without Short Cycles using Gray Code Representations

Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes are specified by the parity check matrix H. Smaller girths in the Tanner graphs of LDPC codes prevent the sum-product algorithm from converging, i.e., short cycles in H-matrix degrade the performance of LDPC decoder. In this paper, we present an algorithm for constructing LDPC codes without short cycles. The H-matrix must be sufficiently sparse to increase the girth of a code. In this work, we present a simple method to increase the sparsity of matrix and provide lemmas to avoid short cycles of lengths 4 and 6. We design sub-matrices for column-weight two and column-weight three codes. This design makes use of a simple shifting function given by the proposed scheme. These are then combined into a final H-matrix using Gray code representations. The proposed method provides structured, regular codes with flexibility in code rates and code lengths. The regularity of these codes gives the advantages like simplicity of hardware implementation and fast encoding.
Paternidade no contexto das necessidades especiais: revisão sistemática da literatura

The role of fathers in the development of children with special needs has been emphasized in theoretical studies. The implications of these contributions to research in the field, however, are not clear. This paper presents a review of Brazi - lian and international studies published in the last 15 years in the field of fatherhood and children with special needs, focusing on the analysis of the main topics of research and methods used. A search was conducted in the PsycINFO international database and two Brazilian databases, Index Psi and the database of Dissertations and Theses organized by CAPES, which generated an initial list of 415 publications. Analysis of the list enabled an overview of scientific production in the field. The profiles of Brazilian and international studies were compared. There is a change in the configuration of research in this field, driven by theoretical contributions, although the father is not the main focus of such studies.
Protein kinases display minimal interpositional dependence on substrate sequence: potential implications for the evolution of signalling networks

Characterization of in vitro substrates of protein kinases by peptide library screening provides a wealth of information on the substrate specificity of kinases for amino acids at particular positions relative to the site of phosphorylation, but provides no information concerning interdependence among positions. High-throughput techniques have recently made it feasible to identify large numbers of in vivo kinase substrates. We used data from experiments on the kinases ATM/ATR and CDK1, and curated CK2 substrates to evaluate the prevalence of interactions between substrate positions within a motif and the utility of these interactions in predicting kinase substrates. Among these data, evidence of interpositional sequence dependencies is strikingly rare, and what dependency exists does little to aid in the prediction of novel kinase substrates. Significant increases in the ability of models to predict kinase–substrate specificity beyond position-independent models must come largely from inclusion of elements of biological and cellular context, rather than further analysis of substrate sequences alone. Our results suggest that, evolutionarily, kinase substrate fitness exists in a smooth energetic landscape. Taken with results from others indicating that phosphopeptide-binding domains do exhibit interpositional dependence, our data suggest that incorporation of new substrate molecules into phospho-signalling networks may be rate-limited by the evolution of suitability for binding by phosphopeptide-binding domains.
Violence in Nigeria : the crisis of religious politics and secular ideologies

The context - Islam, Christianity, and interreligious relations the context - the Nigerian state in historical perspective religion and the state - a theocracy in a Muslim world? Religious leadership and agencies of mobilization a reign of terror - violence in northern cities, 1980 - 1985 a decade of clashes - Muslim - Christian relations in the 1980s "The Age of Warfare" - violence and conflict in the 1990s Islam against Islam the war of words - hate literature and verbal violence conflict management - strategies and options.
Actin–myosin network reorganization breaks symmetry at the cell rear to spontaneously initiate polarized cell motility

We have analyzed the spontaneous symmetry breaking and initiation of actin-based motility in keratocytes (fish epithelial cells). In stationary keratocytes, the actin network flow was inwards and radially symmetric. Immediately before motility initiation, the actin network flow increased at the prospective cell rear and reoriented in the perinuclear region, aligning with the prospective axis of movement. Changes in actin network flow at the cell front were detectable only after cell polarization. Inhibition of myosin II or Rho kinase disrupted actin network organization and flow in the perinuclear region and decreased the motility initiation frequency, whereas increasing myosin II activity with calyculin A increased the motility initiation frequency. Local stimulation of myosin activity in stationary cells by the local application of calyculin A induced directed motility initiation away from the site of stimulation. Together, these results indicate that large-scale actin–myosin network reorganization and contractility at the cell rear initiate spontaneous symmetry breaking and polarized motility of keratocytes.
Discovery of Possible LawFormulae Based on Measurement Scale

We propose a novel approach to automatically discover law formulae of rst principles from the measurement data. Our approach lies in between the deductive approaches as represented by dimension-based and symmetry-based reasoning and the empirical approaches as represented by BACON. We try to use the knowledge of the target relation as little as possible, so that it can be applied to various domains which are not limited to physics problem. In spite of its data-driven feature, the formulae obtained by our approach are ensured to represent sound law formulae of rst principles similarly to the dimension-based approach. The basic idea is the combined use of deductive \scale-based reasoning" and \data-driven reasoning". The features of our approach are demonstrated by discovering the basic formulae of the ideal gas law and Black's speci c heat law from a set of numeric data. This approach may provide a basis to discover qualitative laws of ambiguous domains such as biology, psychology, economics and social science.
Noise-Robust Semi-Supervised Learning by Large-Scale Sparse Coding

This paper presents a large-scale sparse coding algorithm to deal with the challenging problem of noise-robust semi-supervised learning over very large data with only few noisy initial labels. By giving an L1-norm formulation of Laplacian regularization directly based upon the manifold structure of the data, we transform noise-robust semi-supervised learning into a generalized sparse coding problem so that noise reduction can be imposed upon the noisy initial labels. Furthermore, to keep the scalability of noise-robust semi-supervised learning over very large data, we make use of both nonlinear approximation and dimension reduction techniques to solve this generalized sparse coding problem in linear time and space complexity. Finally, we evaluate the proposed algorithm in the challenging task of large-scale semi-supervised image classification with only few noisy initial labels. The experimental results on several benchmark image datasets show the promising performance of the proposed algorithm.
Perception studies on the attributes of synthetic clear speech for the hard of hearing

We make a case for dasiasynthetic clear speechpsila in the context of the persons with hearing impairment. We study the acoustic attributes of dasiaclear speechpsila that enable us to understand their importance in speech perception. Our perception experiments are motivated by the growing body of research emphasizing the significance of clear speech, as opposed to conversation or conventional speech, in the context of the hearing-impaired. Specifically, we study the role of the two important attributes of clear speech namely, the consonant-to-vowel intensity ratio (CVR) and the consonant duration (CD). We have developed a computerized test administration system to study the response of the dasiasimulatedpsila impaired hearing listeners to modifications in the CVR and CD. Our perception studies using the stop consonants of the English language show that the CVR and the formant transition duration play an important role in speech perception. We believe that our findings will be useful in developing appropriate speech signal processing mechanisms to improve speech perception in the hard of hearing.
Antagonism Between the Effects of Insulin and Glucagon on the Isolated Liver

Antagonism was demonstrated between the effects of insulin and glucagon, added simultaneously to the perfusing blood, on phosphorylase activity, glucose output and urea production of the isolated rat liver. However, the degree of antagonism varied greatly, according to the action under study, and there appeared to be a clear-cut hierarchy in the effects of each hormone. For glucagon, this was (stimulation of): (1) phosphorylase activity, (2) glycogenolysis and glucose release, (3) urea production. For insulin, it was (inhibition of): (1) urea production, (2) glycogenolysis, (3) phosphorylase activation. Thus, high concentrations of insulin completely failed to inhibit the phosphorylase activation induced by 1.4 mμg. /ml. of glucagon, while modest concentrations of insulin totally suppressed the stimulation of urea production induced by sustained glucagon concentrations at least ten times greater, and well above the biologic range. Our findings argue against a single common primary site of action of these two hormones.
A Hierarchical Method of Recognizing Plant Species by Leaf Shapes

In order to recognize plant species from their shapes, shapes of contours of leaves can be used. However, contours of leaves are complicated and have variations. In order to deal with the complexities and variations of contours of leaves, a hierarchical representation of leaves is presented in this paper. First, global structures and shapes of leaves are represented by polygons whose vertices are critical points of curvature of smoothed contours of leaves. Second, detailed shapes of mid-most pieces are represented by linear approximation of the contours of pieces. Last, teeth on the contour of leaves are represented by triangles. Such triangles are detected from contours that are not smoothed enough to remove teeth. Features at each hierarchy are represented statistically. Such a hierarchical representation is more powerful than previous methods that represent only global structures of leaves.
Japanese-Style Management Transferred: The Experience of East Asia

1. Introduction: Japanese Management - the Past, Present and Future 2. Comparative Management: What are the Issues? 3. The Models of Japanese Management: How Distinctive are They? 4. The Influence of Culture on Management: How significant is it? 5. Management Practices in East Asian Cultural Settings: Are they all the Same? 6. Japanese-Style Management: How much is it Practiced Abroad? 7. Chinese Workers Under Japanese Management: Are they Happy? 8. Conclusion: Is Japanese -Style Management Transferable? Appendix: Chinese Management: Whatever Happened to its Traditions?
Challenges to Conceptualizing and Actualizing Culturally Relevant Pedagogy: How Viable Is the Theory in Classroom Practice?

Although culturally relevant pedagogy is widely espoused and applied in educational research and practice, it is often not commonly understood as a conceptual framework that advocates the elements of academic success, cultural competence, and sociopolitical consciousness. This study was a grassroots attempt to work collaboratively with a group of administrators and teachers at one urban school to define, implement, and assess culturally relevant pedagogy as a viable pedagogical tool. A qualitative approach that used the combined methods of action research and critical case study was employed for this study. Findings revealed deep structural issues related to teachers’ cultural bias, the nature of racism in school settings, and the lack of support to adequately implement theories into practice. The study also recommends further inquiry-based dialogue among scholars and practitioners to more consistently utilize the theory in academic research and in classroom instruction.
Survival of human lung epithelial cells following in vitro α-particle irradiation with absolute determination of the number of alpha-particle traversals of individual cells

Purpose : To throw light on human exposure to domestic radon and radon progeny, the effects of low doses of alpha-particle irradiation on normal human lung epithelial cells has been studied. At such low exposure levels the concept of dose is inadequate due to the stochastic variation in the number of α -particle traversals per cell. The objective of the current study was to establish an accurate survival curve for human lung epithelial cells with absolute determination of the exact number of α -particle traversals of individual cells. Materials and methods : Irradiation of L132 cells growing in tracketch detector-based cell dishes, was performed using a collimated alpha-particle beam from a 210 Po source. The number of α -particle traversals through each individual cell was scored by using a technique of retrospective track-etch dosimetry. This technique is based upon image matching and mapping of corresponding cell and α -particle track images. The spatial resolution of the hit determination procedure was ±0.9 μ m. Results : Surviving fractions of cells (SF) showed strict dependence on the number of nuclear traversals (n) , with SF (n) = a exp (-bn) , a =0.957 (±0.046), b =0.587 (±0.059), R 2 = 98.8%. No significant dependence on the number of nuclear membrane traversals (m) or the number of cytoplasm traversals (c) was observed.