Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trust Evaluation Model based on Service Satisfaction

In most of the current trust model, the evaluation of whether an entity is trust is different to different judger. The reason of this phenomenon is that different judger use the different standard in its opinion. So the evaluation lack of convincing, are not well describe the relationship between two parties. In response to these issues, drawing on the trust relationship between human societies, the introduction of the domain and domain trust, building the trust evaluation model based on service satisfaction. In every domain according to the service of the node itself, abstracting representative multiple service attributes from the trusted relationship of the node service, service requester comprehensive evaluates multiple service attributes provided by service provider based on personal interest, and combines with the trust value, decide whether to trade finally; after the transaction, service request calculates QoS(quality of service) difference degree according to actual QoS and service provider’ own QoS claimed to judge the credibility of service provider, then gives corresponding rewards and punishment and trust update. The simulation results show that the model can more accurate assessment of the trust entity, to some extent effective against malicious attacks, which proves the validity and accuracy of the model.
One-Step Cartilage Repair with Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrated Cells and Collagen Matrix in Full-Thickness Knee Cartilage Lesions

Objective: The purpose of our study was to determine the effectiveness of cartilage repair utilizing 1-step surgery with bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and a collagen I/III matrix (Chondro-Gide, Geistlich, Wolhusen, Switzerland). Materials and Methods: We prospectively followed up for 2 years 15 patients (mean age, 48 years) who were operated for grade IV cartilage lesions of the knee. Six of the patients had multiple chondral lesions; the average size of the lesions was 9.2 cm2. All patients underwent a mini-arthrotomy and concomitant transplantation with BMAC covered with the collagen matrix. Coexisting pathologies were treated before or during the same surgery. X-rays and MRI were collected preoperatively and at 1 and 2 years’ follow-up. Visual analog scale (VAS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Lysholm, Marx, SF-36 (physical/mental), and Tegner scores were collected preoperatively and at 6, 12, and 24 months’ follow-up. Four patients gave their consent for second-look arthroscopy and 3 of them for a concomitant biopsy. Results: Patients showed significant improvement in all scores at final follow-up (P < 0.005). Patients presenting single lesions and patients with small lesions showed higher improvement. MRI showed coverage of the lesion with hyaline-like tissue in all patients in accordance with clinical results. Hyaline-like histological findings were also reported for all the specimens analyzed. No adverse reactions or postoperative complications were noted. Conclusion: This study showed that 1-step surgery with BMAC and collagen I/III matrix could be a viable technique in the treatment of grade IV knee chondral lesions.
RTOS Support for Multicore Mixed-Criticality Systems

Mixed-criticality scheduling algorithms, which attempt to reclaim system capacity lost to worst-case execution time pessimism, seem to hold great promise for multi core real-time systems, where such loss is particularly severe. However, the unique nature of these algorithms gives rise to a number of major challenges for the would-be implementer. This paper describes the first implementation of a mixed-criticality scheduling framework on a multi core system. We experimentally evaluate design trade offs that arise when seeking to isolate tasks of different criticalities and to maintain overheads commensurate with a standard RTOS. We also evaluate a key property needed for such a system to be practical: that the system be robust to breaches of the optimistic execution-time assumptions used in mixed-criticality analysis.
Design of Pulsed Electroacoustic Measurement System for Space Charge Characterisation Examiners: Professor Pertti Silventoinen Design of Pulsed Electroacoustic Measurement System for Space Charge Characterisation

Lappeenranta University of Technology Faculty of Technology Degree Program in Electrical Engineering Antti Penttinen Design of Pulsed Electroacoustic Measurement System for Space Charge Characterisation Master's thesis 2012 63 pages, 22 figures, 10 tables, 2 appendices Examiners: Professor Pertti Silventoinen D.Sc. (Tech) Xiaobing Dong
Acrosomal reaction of Thyone sperm. II. The kinetics and possible mechanism of acrosomal process elongation

Thyone sperm were induced to undergo the acrosomal reaction with a calcium ionophore A23187 in sea water containing 50 mM excess CaCl2, and the extension of the acrosomal process was recorded with high- resolution, differential interference contrast video microscopy at 60 fields/sec. The length of the acrosomal process was measured at 0.25-s intervals on nine sperm. When the data were plotted as (length)2 vs. time, the points fell exactly on a straight line except for the initial and very final stages of elongation. Cytochalasin B alters the rate of elongation of the acrosomal process in a dose-dependent way, inhibiting the elongation completely at high concentrations (20 micrograms/ml). However, no inhibition was observed unless excess Ca++ was added to sea water. The concentration of actin in the periacrosomal cup of the unreacted sperm is as high as 160 mg/ml; we calculate this concentration from the number and lengths of the actin filaments in a fully reacted sperm, and the volume of the periacrosomal cup in the unreacted sperm. These results are consistent with the hypothesis proposed earlier that monomers add to the ends of the actin filaments situated at the tip of the growing acrosomal process (the preferred end for monomer addition), and that the rate of elongation of the process is limited by diffusion of monomers from the sperm head (periacrosomal cup) to the tip of the elongating process. During the extension of the acrosomal process, a few blebs distributed along its lengths move out with the process. These blebs maintain a constant distance from the tip of the growing process. At maximum length, the straight acrosomal process slackens into a bow, and numerous new blebs appear. A few seconds later, the process suddenly straightens out again and sometimes actually contracts. The behavior of the blebs indicates that membrane is inserted at the base of the growing acrosomal process, and that membrane assembly and water uptake must be coupled to actin assembly during elongation. We discuss how the dynamic balance of forces seems to determine the shape of the growing acrosomal process, and how actin assembly may be controlled during the acrosomal reaction.
Lateral Head Tracking in Desktop Virtual Reality

Head coupled perspective is often considered to be an essential aspect of stereoscopic desktop virtual reality (VR) systems. Such systems use a tracking device to determine the user's head pose in up to six degrees of freedom (DOF). Users of desktop VR systems perform their task while sitting down and therefore the extent of head movements is limited. This paper investigates the validity of using a head tracking system for desktop VR that only tracks lateral head movement. Users performed a depth estimation task under full (six DOF) head tracking, lateral head tracking, and disabled head tracking. Furthermore, we considered stereoscopic and monoscopic viewing. Our results show that user performance was not significantly affected when incorporating only lateral head motion. Both lateral and full head tracking performed better than the disabled head tracking case.
Nitrogen fixation and phosphatase activity in periphyton growing on nutrient diffusing substrata: evidence for differential nutrient limitation in stream periphyton

Abstract We explored N2 fixation and alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) in periphyton from a N-limited stream ecosystem by coupling measurements of these processes with nutrient diffusion substrata (NDS) experiments. We measured periphyton biomass accumulation (as ash-free dry mass [AFDM] and chlorophyll a [CHLA]), N2 fixation, and APA to evaluate the relative importance of N2 fixation as an N source to the periphyton community and APA as an indicator of P deficiency in a seemingly N-limited system. We used fritted-glass-disc NDS and estimated AFDM, CHLA, N2 fixation, and APA on days 6, 18, and 29 after deployment. Periphyton AFDM steadily increased on NDS over time, but was not influenced by nutrients. CHLA was elevated in the N treatment on days 18 and 29, indicating autotrophic N limitation. Consistent with N limitation, N2 fixation was high but not different in the control and P treatments and was virtually undetectable on the N treatment. N2 fixation in control and P treatments was detectable in both light and dark incubations, and dark rates were 4 to 73% of the light rates on days 18 and 29. The average contribution of total N2 fixation to periphyton in control and P treatments was 0.93 mg N/m2 on day 18 and 1.0 mg N/m2 on day 29. APA was significantly elevated on the control and was highest in the N treatment despite no apparent P limitation of periphyton biomass accumulation. P enrichment always decreased APA. Measurable N2 fixation and the change in CHLA suggest that autotrophs were primarily N limited. However, APA observed in controls demonstrated that some portion of the periphyton community was experiencing P deficiency. This result suggests that periphyton metabolism was related to both N and P availability, but that biomass accumulation might have been limited primarily by N. One explanation for these findings is that different organisms, perhaps occupying different trophic positions within the community, might have been limited by different elements.
The Cost Influence on Reliability and Security of the Software Systems

Although, direct economic information’s are, in general, difficult to obtain through reason connected of confidentialities. Currently is observe the relation cost-benefit in the case of the using the software engineering reliability can be from one to six or upwards. More, the software engineering reliability it was credited with the incidents abatement considering to security software related, as well as the costs of servicing.
Distribution of rotavirus genotypes in Europe, 2004-2005: the REVEAL Study.

BACKGROUND Rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) constitutes a significant burden of pediatric disease. Knowledge of currently cocirculating rotavirus genotypes is required to help guide immunization strategies. METHODS During the 2004-2005 RVGE season, a prospective, multicenter, observational study of RVGE was conducted in children <5 years of age seeking health care in primary care, emergency department, and hospital settings in selected areas of Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Rotavirus was identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and genotypes were determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of stool samples for which ELISA results were positive. RESULTS ELISA results were available for 2712 of the 2846 children with acute gastroenteritis who were recruited for the study; of these 2712 children, 1102 (40.6%) were rotavirus positive. RT-PCR results were available for 1031 children with ELISA-positive samples. G1-G4 and G9 were the most prevalent genotypes identified: G1 was identified in Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom; G9 in Italy, France, and Belgium; and G4 in Germany. Only the G4 and G9 genotypes were identified in all study areas. Rotavirus infections showed seasonal variation, with different patterns noted among the genotypes. CONCLUSIONS Rotavirus genotypes G1-G4 and G9 are associated with the majority of RVGE infections in the areas studied, with geographic and seasonal variation in the distributions of rotavirus strains. Rotavirus vaccines should, therefore, provide protection against all major genotypes to decrease effectively the RVGE disease burden in Europe.
Modulation of early cortical processing during divided attention to non‐contiguous locations

We often face the challenge of simultaneously attending to multiple non‐contiguous regions of space. There is ongoing debate as to how spatial attention is divided under these situations. Whereas, for several years, the predominant view was that humans could divide the attentional spotlight, several recent studies argue in favor of a unitary spotlight that rhythmically samples relevant locations. Here, this issue was addressed by the use of high‐density electrophysiology in concert with the multifocal m‐sequence technique to examine visual evoked responses to multiple simultaneous streams of stimulation. Concurrently, we assayed the topographic distribution of alpha‐band oscillatory mechanisms, a measure of attentional suppression. Participants performed a difficult detection task that required simultaneous attention to two stimuli in contiguous (undivided) or non‐contiguous parts of space. In the undivided condition, the classic pattern of attentional modulation was observed, with increased amplitude of the early visual evoked response and increased alpha amplitude ipsilateral to the attended hemifield. For the divided condition, early visual responses to attended stimuli were also enhanced, and the observed multifocal topographic distribution of alpha suppression was in line with the divided attention hypothesis. These results support the existence of divided attentional spotlights, providing evidence that the corresponding modulation occurs during initial sensory processing time‐frames in hierarchically early visual regions, and that suppressive mechanisms of visual attention selectively target distracter locations during divided spatial attention.
Different Susceptibilities between Apoe- and Ldlr-Deficient Mice to Inflammation-Associated Colorectal Carcinogenesis

Hypercholesterolemia resulting in atherosclerosis is associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the roles of apoliprotein (Apo) E (Apoe) and low-density lipoprotein (Ldl) receptor (Ldlr) in colorectal carcinogenesis have not yet been investigated. In this study, we examined the susceptibility of Apoe-deficient and Ldlr-deficient mice, which are genetic animal models of atherosclerosis to azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colorectal carcinogenesis. In Experiment 1, male Apoe-deficient (n = 20) and wild type (WT) mice (C57BL/6J, n = 21) were treated with a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of AOM (10 mg/kg body weight) and then given 1.5% DSS in drinking water for seven days. They were maintained up to week 20 and sacrificed for the histopathological examination of colorectal tumors. The mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (Cox)-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (Nos2), tumor necrosis factor (Tnf)-α interleukin (Il)-1β, and Il-6 was assayed in the colorectal mucosa. In Experiment 2, male Ldlr-deficient (n = 14) and WT mice (C57BL/6J, n = 10) were given a single i.p. injection of AOM (10 mg/kg body weight) and then given 2% DSS in drinking water for seven days. They were sacrificed at week 20 to evaluate their colorectum histopathologically. In Experiment 1, the multiplicity of CRCs was significantly higher in the Apoe-deficient mice (2.75 ± 1.48) than in the WT mice (0.62 ± 0.67). The serum lipoprotein levels in the Apoe-deficient mice were also significantly higher than in the WT mice. In Experiment 2, the incidence (29%) and multiplicity (0.50 ± 0.94) of CRCs in the Ldlr mice were significantly lower than in the WT mice (80% incidence and 3.10 ± 2.38 multiplicity). The mRNA expression of two inducible enzymes and certain pro-inflammatory cytokines in the colorectum of each genotype was greater than in the respective WT mice. The values in the Apoe-deficient mice were much greater than in the Ldlr mice. These findings suggest that Apoe-deficient mice showed increased susceptibility to inflammation-associated colorectal carcinogenesis due to their high reactivity to inflammatory stimuli.
I Think They're Trying to Tell Me Something: Advice Sources and Selection for Digital Security

Users receive a multitude of digital-and physical-security advice every day. Indeed, if we implemented all the security advice we received, we would never leave our houses or use the Internet. Instead, users selectively choose some advice to accept and some (most) to reject, however, it is unclear whether they are effectively prioritizing what is most important or most useful. If we can understand from where and why users take security advice, we can develop more effective security interventions. As a first step, we conducted 25 semi-structured interviews of a demographically broad pool of users. These interviews resulted in several interesting findings: (1) participants evaluated digital-security advice based on the trustworthiness of the advice source, but evaluated physical-security advice based on their intuitive assessment of the advice content, (2) negative-security events portrayed in well-crafted fictional narratives with relatable characters (such as those shown in TV or movies) may be effective teaching tools for both digital-and physical-security behaviors, and (3) participants rejected advice for many reasons, including finding that the advice contains too much marketing material or threatens their privacy.
Re-encoding reformulation and application to Welch-Berlekamp algorithm

The main decoding algorithms for Reed-Solomon codes are based on a bivariate interpolation step, which is expensive in time complexity. Lot of interpolation methods were proposed in order to decrease the complexity of this procedure, but they stay still expensive. Then Koetter, Ma and Vardy proposed in 2010 a technique, called re-encoding, which allows to reduce the practical running time. However, this trick is only devoted for the Koetter interpolation algorithm. We propose a reformulation of the re-encoding for any interpolation methods. The assumption for this reformulation permits only to apply it to the Welch-Berlekamp algorithm.
Reduction of cytotoxicity of benzalkonium chloride and octenidine by Brilliant Blue G

The irritative effects of preservatives found in ophthalmologic solution, or of antiseptics used for skin disinfection is a consistent problem for the patients. The reduction of the toxic effects of these compounds is desired. Brilliant Blue G (BBG) has shown to meet the expected effect in presence of benzalkonium chloride (BAK), a well known preservative in ophthalmic solutions, and octenidine dihydrochloride (Oct), used as antiseptic in skin and wound disinfection. BBG shows a significant protective effect on human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells against BAK and Oct toxicity, increasing the cell survival up to 51 % at the highest BAK or Oct concentration tested, which is 0.01 %, both at 30 min incubation. Although BBG is described as a P2x7 receptor antagonist, other selective P2x7 receptor antagonists, OxATP (adenosine 5’-triphosphate-2’,3’-dialdehyde) and DPPH (N’-(3,5-dichloropyridin-4-yl)-3-phenylpropanehydrazide), did not reduce the cytotoxicity of neither BAK nor Oct. Therefore we assume that the protective effect of BBG is not due to its action on the P2x7 receptor. Brilliant Blue R (BBR), a dye similar to BBG, was also tested for protective effect on BAK and Oct toxicity. In presence of BAK no significant protective effect was observed. Instead, with Oct a comparable protective effect was seen with that of BBG. To assure that the bacteriostatic effect is not affected by the combinations of BAK/BBG, Oct/BBG and Oct/BBR, bacterial growth inhibition was analyzed on different Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. All combinations of BAK or Oct with BBG hinder growth of Gram-positive bacteria. The combinations of 0.001 % Oct and BBR above 0.025 % do not hinder the growth of B. subtilis. For Gram-negative bacteria, BBG and BBR reduce, but do not abolish, the antimicrobial effect of BAK nor of Oct. In conclusion, the addition of BBG at bacterial inhibitory concentrations is suggested in the ready-to-use ophthalmic preparations and antiseptic solutions.
Fast clustering using adaptive density peak detection

Common limitations of clustering methods include the slow algorithm convergence, the instability of the pre-specification on a number of intrinsic parameters, and the lack of robustness to outliers. A recent clustering approach proposed a fast search algorithm of cluster centers based on their local densities. However, the selection of the key intrinsic parameters in the algorithm was not systematically investigated. It is relatively difficult to estimate the “optimal” parameters since the original definition of the local density in the algorithm is based on a truncated counting measure. In this paper, we propose a clustering procedure with adaptive density peak detection, where the local density is estimated through the nonparametric multivariate kernel estimation. The model parameter is then able to be calculated from the equations with statistical theoretical justification. We also develop an automatic cluster centroid selection method through maximizing an average silhouette index. The advantage and flexibility of the proposed method are demonstrated through simulation studies and the analysis of a few benchmark gene expression data sets. The method only needs to perform in one single step without any iteration and thus is fast and has a great potential to apply on big data analysis. A user-friendly R package ADPclust is developed for public use.
Medical Image Classification via 2D color feature based Covariance Descriptors

In these notes we present an image classification method which has been submitted to the ImageCLEF 2015 Medical Classification challenge. The aim is to classify images from 30 heterogeneous classes ranging from diagnose images coming from different acquisition techniques, to various biomedical publication illustrations. The presented work is intended to be a proof of concept of how our method, which uses only visual information, performs in the modelling of such image classes. Our approach uses 1 and 2 order color features obtained at a whole image level. These features are considered as samples of a multidimensional statistical distribution, and a distinctive signature of the represented image can be built in the form of a Covariance-matrix based descriptor. The Riemannian manifold structure of such descriptors can be exploited in order to formulate an image classification methodology. Despite the challenging task due to unbalanced classes and image homogeneity, the obtained results in the task place our method on the top of the most accurate ones using purely visual features. This asserts the feasibility of our methodology and proves that its performance can be on par with other methods which use also complementary textual features for complex image retrieval.
Coherent coupling of feedback loops: a design principle of cell signaling networks

MOTIVATION It is widely accepted that cell signaling networks have been evolved to be robust against perturbations. To investigate the topological characteristics resulting in such robustness, we have examined large-scale signaling networks and found that a number of feedback loops are present mostly in coupled structures. In particular, the coupling was made in a coherent way implying that same types of feedback loops are interlinked together. RESULTS We have investigated the role of such coherently coupled feedback loops through extensive Boolean network simulations and found that a high proportion of coherent couplings can enhance the robustness of a network against its state perturbations. Moreover, we found that the robustness achieved by coherently coupled feedback loops can be kept evolutionarily stable. All these results imply that the coherent coupling of feedback loops might be a design principle of cell signaling networks devised to achieve the robustness.