Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phenomenology of children and adolescents with bipolar spectrum disorders.

CONTEXT Children and adolescents who present with manic symptoms frequently do not meet the full DSM-IV criteria for bipolar I disorder (BP-I). OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical presentation and family history of children and adolescents with BP-I, bipolar II disorder (BP-II), and bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (BP-NOS). DESIGN Subjects and their primary caretaker were assessed by semistructured interview, and family psychiatric history was obtained from interview of the primary caretaker. SETTING Outpatient and inpatient units at 3 university centers. PARTICIPANTS A total of 438 children and adolescents (mean +/- SD age, 12.7 +/- 3.2 years) with BP-I (n = 255), BP-II (n = 30), or BP-NOS (n = 153). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Lifetime psychiatric history and family history of psychiatric disorders. RESULTS Youth with BP-NOS were not diagnosed as having BP-I primarily because they did not meet the DSM-IV duration criteria for a manic or mixed episode. There were no significant differences among the BP-I and BP-NOS groups in age of onset, duration of illness, lifetime rates of comorbid diagnoses, suicidal ideation and major depression, family history, and the types of manic symptoms that were present during the most serious lifetime episode. Compared with youth with BP-NOS, subjects with BP-I had more severe manic symptoms, greater overall functional impairment, and higher rates of hospitalization, psychosis, and suicide attempts. Elevated mood was present in 81.9% of subjects with BP-NOS and 91.8% of subjects with BP-I. Subjects with BP-II had higher rates of comorbid anxiety disorders compared with the other 2 groups and had less functional impairment and lower rates of psychiatric hospitalization than the subjects with BP-I. CONCLUSIONS Children and adolescents with BP-II and BP-NOS have a phenotype that is on a continuum with that of youth with BP-I. Elevated mood is a common feature of youth with BP-spectrum illness.
A new algorithm for power allocation in MIMO-OFDM systems with a beam-forming scheme

Along with the growing increase of the demand for establishing a safe and fast connection between different users, for the purpose of transferring large audio-visual data using a wireless technology, a great number of studies have been carried out on the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Systems. In the algorithm presented in this article, first a simple, but efficient, model for multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems is offered. Besides, where the Channel state matrix in the Transmitter is known to us, we have tried to find a desirable capacity for such a system, putting the discussions of the information theory into practice as well as applying the method of singular value decomposition in channel matrixes. The simulation results prove such a claim.
Mediator Subunit18 Controls Flowering Time and Floral Organ Identity in Arabidopsis

Mediator is a conserved multi-protein complex that plays an important role in regulating transcription by mediating interactions between transcriptional activator proteins and RNA polymerase II. Much evidence exists that Mediator plays a constitutive role in the transcription of all genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. However, evidence is mounting that specific Mediator subunits may control the developmental regulation of specific subsets of RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Although the Mediator complex has been extensively studied in yeast and mammals, only a few reports on Mediator function in flowering time control of plants, little is known about Mediator function in floral organ identity. Here we show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, MEDIATOR SUBUNIT 18 (MED18) affects flowering time and floral organ formation through FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and AGAMOUS (AG). A MED18 loss-of-function mutant showed a remarkable syndrome of later flowering and altered floral organ number. We show that FLC and AG mRNA levels and AG expression patterns are altered in the mutant. Our results support parallels between the regulation of FLC and AG and demonstrate a developmental role for Mediator in plants.
The spectrum of curvature perturbation for multi-field inflation with a small-field potential

In this paper, we have studied the spectrum of curvature perturbation for multi-field inflation with a general small-field potential. We assumed that the isocurvature perturbation may be neglected, and by using the Sasaki–Stewart formalism, we found that the spectrum may be redder or bluer than that of the corresponding single field. The result is dependent upon the values of fields and their effective masses at the horizon-crossing time. We discuss relevant cases.
Descriptive norms: How specificity versus generality affects planned drinking behavior

We investigated the effect of speccity versus generality (provinciality) of descriptive norms regarding drinking behavior for light, moderate, and heavy drinkers. We employed a 3 (condition: United States adult, United States undergraduate, or Washington University undergraduate) x 3 (drinker type: light, moderate, or heavy) between-subjects design. Participants were told that the average person in the appropriate setting level consumes four alcoholic drinks per week and then were asked how many alcoholic drinks they had consumed in the last seven days and how many alcoholic drinks they planned to consume in the next seven days. As expected, there was a main effect of drinker type such that heavy drinkers planned to reduce their alcohol consumption more than moderate drinkers, who in turn planned to reduce consumption more than light drinkers, who actually planned to increase consumption. There was no main effect of condition and no interaction between condition and drinker type. There were several limitations to the current study, like the small biased sample employed, that should be addressed in future research on this topic.
Anticonvulsant Effect of Guaifenesin against Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Seizure in Mice

Background: There have been some reports about the possible N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist activity of Guaifenesin. As drugs with a similar structure to Guaifenesin (i.e. Felbamate) and those with NMDA antagonist activity have been clinically used as anticonvulsants, the aim of this study was to determine whether Guaifenesin has an anticonvulsant effect in an animal model of seizure. Methods: Anticonvulsant effect of Guaifenesin was assessed via Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced convulsion. Male albino mice received Guaifenesin (100, 200, 300, or 400 mg/kg; n=8-10) or 0.25% Tween (vehicle) intraperitoneally 30 minutes before the injection of PTZ (95 mg/kg). Diazepam (3 mg/kg; n=8) was used as a reference drug. The latency time before the onset of myoclonic, clonic, and tonic-clonic convulsions, percentage of animals exhibiting convulsion, and percentage of mortality were recorded. In addition, the effect of Guaifenesin on neuromuscular coordination was assessed using the Rotarod. Results: Guaifenesin at all the studied doses significantly increased the latency to myoclonic and clonic convulsions in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, Guaifenesin at the dose of 300 mg/kg increased the latency to tonic-clonic seizure. The ED50s of Guaifenesin for protection against PTZ-induced clonic and tonic-clonic seizures and death were 744.88 (360-1540), 256 (178-363), and 328 (262-411) mg/kg, respectively. Guaifenesin at all the investigated doses significantly reduced neuromuscular coordination, compared to the vehicle-treated group. Conclusion: These results suggest that Guaifenesin possesses muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant properties and may have a potential clinical use in absence seizure.
BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Turkish breast/ovarian families and young breast cancer patients

To date, BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in breast and/or ovarian patients have not been characterized in the Turkish population. We investigated the presence of BRCA mutations in 53 individuals with a personal and family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer, and 52 individuals with a personal history of breast cancer diagnosed below age 50 without additional family history. We have identified 11 mutations (nine BRCA1 and two BRCA2) using combined techniques involving protein truncation test, direct sequencing and heteroduplex analysis. We found eight out of 53 patients (15.1%) with a family history to carry BRCA gene mutations (seven BRCA1 and one BRCA2). Of these, four were found in 43 families presenting only breast cancer histories, and four were found in families presenting ovarian cancer with or without breast cancer. We also demonstrated two BRCA1 and one BRCA2 mutations in three out of 52 (5.8%) early-onset breast cancer cases without additional family history. Three of nine BRCA1 and both BRCA2 mutations detected in this study were not reported previously. These mutations may be specific to the Turkish population. The BRCA1 5382insC mutation, specific to Ashkenazi and Russian populations, was found twice in our study group, representing a possible founder mutation in the Turkish population. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaign
Review on free and open source software

This study investigated the history of free and open source software (FOSS), comparative analyzed notions of free software and open source software, further studied on support forces and development status of free and open source software. Based on comprehensive review, we aim to suggest that free and open source software has a very bright development prospects.
Simulation of vertical handover algorithms with NCTUns

This paper presents the simulation of Vertical Handover Algorithms (VHA) using NCTUns and tested them on scenarios with WiFi/GPRS or WiFi/WiMAX Mobile networks: The first evaluates parameters such as the network bandwidth, economic cost of the connection and the mobile node mobility and uses a cost function to evaluate candidate networks. The second one is based on application requirements such as bandwidth, latency and % packet loss rate. The third one organizes the nodes connections to balance the load on connection points, optimize battery consumption, or both. We developed several scripts in C and PERL language for inclusion in the tool like other components and use a NCTUns API to communicate with the simulation engine. In simulation scenario we use the multi-interface node for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) networks or a node for each technology, but they behave as a single node with multiple interfaces. Simulations results are used to analyze the VHAs performance measuring handover delay, number of avoided handovers and computational cost of the algorithms.
Performance Evaluation of Analog Circuits with Deep Submicrometer MOSFETs in the Subthreshold Regime of Operation

In addition to its attractiveness for ultra-low power applications, analog circuits based on the subthreshold operation of the devices can have significantly higher gain as compared to their superthreshold counterparts. In this paper, we systematically study the analog performances in terms of gm, gm/Id etc of conventional deep submicrometer MOSFETs in the subthreshold region. We also predict such performances with the help of an improved drift-diffusion based current model. The circuit performances (gain, output current etc) are also studied and a very good agreement between the simulation results and the corresponding model prediction is obtained
Evaluating the Risk of Digital Addiction in Blended Learning Environments: Considering ICT Intensity, Learning Style, and Architecture

Digital addiction is a phenomenon where people who might take up addictive substances or other self-medicating activities do so instead with information and communications technology. The environment in which someone finds themselves is known to influence their behaviour. This might be as a result of the environment placing more demands on people with one cognitive set-up compared to those with a different one. One might not normally think of education environments as addictive, but the introduction of technology into them can affect different learners in different ways. Through computing a measure of brain activity called knol (k), this paper seeks to explore how learners with different learning styles react in environments that are differentiated according to the intensity of ICTs used and the physical architecture of the learning environment in which those ICTs are used.
On the Kleiman-Mori cone

The Kleiman-Mori cone plays important roles in the birational geometry. In this paper, we construct complete varieties whose Kleiman-Mori cones have interesting properties. First, we construct a simple and explicit example of complete non-projective singular varieties for which Kleiman's ampleness criterion does not hold. More precisely, we construct a complete non-projective toric variety X and a line bundle L on X such that L is positive on NE (X) \{ 0}. Next, we construct complete singular varieties X with NE (X )= N1(X) � R k for any k . T hese explicit examples seem to be missing in the literature.
Distributional phrasal paraphrase generation for statistical machine translation

Paraphrase generation has been shown useful for various natural language processing tasks, including statistical machine translation. A commonly used method for paraphrase generation is pivoting [Callison-Burch et al. 2006], which benefits from linguistic knowledge implicit in the sentence alignment of parallel texts, but has limited applicability due to its reliance on parallel texts. Distributional paraphrasing [Marton et al. 2009a] has wider applicability, is more language-independent, but doesn't benefit from any linguistic knowledge. Nevertheless, we show that using distributional paraphrasing can yield greater gains in translation tasks. We report method improvements leading to higher gains than previously published, of almost 2 Bleu points, and provide implementation details, complexity analysis, and further insight into this method.
The Interaction between Gold, Oil and Dollar Further Discussion Based on Quantile Regression

the interaction between different futures markets will frequently change because of some economical and political events. So we divide the period between 1985 and 2009 into three stages: 1985 ~1993, 1994 ~ 2000 and 2000 ~ 2009, according to the events that a lot of nations sold their gold reserves in 1994 and many countries started to build the strategic oil reserve system after the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. we adopt quantile regression to make empirical analysis of the relationship of Gold, Oil and Dollar which is called G.O. D. It is found that from 1985 to 1993 and from 1994 to 2000, the real relationship of G.O. D has not yet formed. However, after building the strategic oil reserve system in 2001, the significant positive correlation shows between oil and gold, and the significant negative correlation shows between oil and U.S dollar, which implies the relationship of G.O. D becomes stable. Meanwhile, the quantile regression results indicate that, the interaction of G.O. D will greatly strengthen as the price of gold, oil or dollar become much lower or higher.
The Impact of Coping Strategies on Psychological Well-being among Students of Federal University, Lafia, Nigeria

The study examined the impact of coping strategies on students’ psychological well-being in a Nigerian university.149 students comprising 81 (54.36%) males and 68 (45.64%) females, ranging from 18 to 33 years, with a meanage of 23.16 years responded to the coping strategies inventory and scales of psychological well-being, via a cross-sectional survey design. The standard multiple regression analysis was adopted to test hypotheses using (SPSS 21version). The results showed significant F (8,140)=7.20, p<0.0005 joint impact of coping strategies on psychologicalwell-being, and accounted for approximately 29.2% of the variability. Independently, there were significantindependent positive and negative impacts of coping strategies dimensions on psychological well-being. Based onthe findings, the researcher concluded that coping strategies may enhance and/or exacerbate psychological well-being. Students are advised among others to embrace appropriate strategies to avoid negative consequences.
Associations of Body Composition Measures and Endogenous Sex-Steroid Hormones among Postmenopausal Women

Several studies have shown a positive association between body mass index (BMI) and endogenous levels of female sex-steroid hormones, but relationship with the body fat mass and the fat free mass components of BMI has rarely been investigated. In this cross-sectional study, we included 265 women from the Danish "Diet, Cancer and Health" cohort who were postmenopausal and never users of hormone replacement therapy and who previously were included in a nested case-control study on breast cancer. Multiple log-linear regression analyses of the association between anthropometric measurements and serum levels of estrone, estrone sulfate and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were performed. We found positive associations between all the anthropometric measurements included and estrone and estrone sulfate, whereas negative associations were found for SHBG. We confirmed previous findings of associations between BMI and serum levels of estrogen and SHBG among postmenopausal women. Associations were in the same direction for the two components of BMI, body fat mass index (BFMI) and fat free mass index (FFMI), and use of these more detailed measures did not give a better prediction of the hormone levels than use of BMI alone.
Evolutionary Algorithm and Ant Colony Optimization for a Container Stowage Problem

In the Container Stowage Problem, a container-ship must visit a sequence of ports, transporting containers. At each port there are containers destined to other ports visited ahead. Upon arrival at a port, the containers with destination to that port must be unloaded. If there are containers on top of them, they must be unloaded and reloaded again. The unloading and loading operations are very costly, so the problem aims to find a solution which minimizes the total number of undesirable movements. A heuristic that have never been used in this problem is presented, along with one that already has been. We show that an integer linear programming formulation of the problem is now able to solve real-sized instances, but not enough for all the cases. We follow the representation by rules presented in the literature, proposing new ones, more effective, that lead to better solutions for all the instances.
Solving normative conflicts by merging roles

This paper addresses the problem of conflicting norms. The solution we describe is based on the concept of role: a role defines some permissions, obligations and prohibitions which are supposed free of conflicts. As soon as an individual plays a role, he inherits the set of norms associated with this role. We show that conflicting norms arise because an individual may play different roles. The central idea of our paper is to consider that it is possible to make a judgement of priority between the roles an individual plays, in order to decide which are the actual norms which apply in a given situation. This priority may be chosen by the individual or may be dependent on the structure which may exist between roles. Our paper mainly describes the axiomatic part of a logic for reasoning about norms associated with primitive roles as well as with composite roles obtained by merging several roles.
Combinatorial Relationships in Transcription Factors

Determining the location of transcription factor binding sites is an important initial step in solving the complexity of genetic networks. Numerous computational methods have been proposed to assist biologists in finding putative transcription factor binding site locations. These tools are typically good at finding the signal of an individual binding site within the DNA strand but have low specificity for finding actual know binding sites because they do not account fact that transcription factors interact with each other. This project examines how these tools can be used to account for the combinatorial nature of transcription factors and proposes some improvements.
Towards Pathway Variation Identification: Aligning Patient Records with a Care Pathway

A Care Pathway is a knowledge-centric process to guide clinicians to provide evidence-based care to patients with specific conditions. One existing problem for care pathways is that they often fail to reflect the best clinical practice as a result of not being adequately updated. A better understanding of the gaps between a care pathway and real practice requires aligning patient records with the pathway. Patient records are unlabeled in practice making it difficult to align them with a care pathway which is inherently complex due to its representation as a hierarchical and declarative process model (HDPM). This paper proposes to solve this problem by developing a Hierarchical Markov Random Field (HMRF) method so that a set of patient records can best fit a given care pathway. We validate the effectiveness of the method with experiments on both synthesized data and real clinical data.
A sitting posture surveillance system based on image processing technology

A surveillance system for human sitting posture is presented. The goal of the proposed system is to prevent myopia and backbone/neck diseases caused by using computers. First, the profile of sitting posture is extracted; Second, the profile features, the face's location and size, is further extracted through pattern matching based on Hausdorff distance; Finally, by comparing the real-time profile features and the standard profile features, the surveillance system will remind the user to correct his/her sitting posture.
Motivational Interfaces , or , Everything I Need to Know about Family Trees I Learned from Angry Birds

According to the market research firm Global Industry Analysts, each year 84 million people spend $1,000 or more on family history research [8]. Ancestry CEO Tim Sullivan reported over two million paying customers at the world’s most popular commercial genealogy website [7]. Family Tree Maker, the leading producer of genealogical desktop software has shipped approximately 2 million units since 2004 [1]. According to Businessweek, “genealogy” is the second most researched topic online [5]. Huge numbers, you say. Genealogy has finally hit the mainstream, you say. Let’s juxtapose those numbers against another popular recreational activity: computer games. During the week of December 22-29, 2012, iOS and Android device users downloaded 30 million copies of games from the Angry Birds franchise. 30 million. In seven days. During 2012, the total number of Angry Birds downloads passed one billion [11], and software maker Rovio now has nearly 300 million active monthly users for its games [4]. In numerically relative terms, Rovio Entertainment’s customer base is two to three orders of magnitude larger than Ancestry’s, and more than an order of magnitude larger than the entire worldwide genealogy market. Rather than simply dismissing Angry Birds as a mindless waste of time, or asserting that there’s no comparison to the very serious and intellectually taxing task of genealogy research, I assert that several profound lessons can be learned from the comparison. Put simply, the genealogy market would be significantly larger if it were more like playing Angry Birds and less like doing your taxes. Researchers acknowledge the compelling (and arguably addictive) nature of well-designed games [3]. A significant number of factors have been shown to contribute to the suc-