Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Place for Privacy to Hide in E-Commerce Age

With the increasing ease of data availability and development of technology of search engine, more and more concerns are casted into privacy issues in the Internet service such as e-commerce. There are two kinds of different attitudes towards privacy on the Internet. One is pessimistic, in which privacy is already or to be dead finally. The other is optimistic, in which privacy could also find its own space to live. The main reason for the argument is that how to balance privacy of customers and convenience of service in the Internet, especially in e-commerce. We take the position that privacy is not dead even in the environment of highly developed Internet. As argument, we try to figure out three reasons that cause privacy violation in the on-line environment and then we argue about these three reasons to eliminate privacy violation in the Internet. And then we show many aspects of efforts towards privacy protection in online environment. Finally, according to the discussion, we predict the future direction for the development of privacy in on-line environment.
Consensus Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Catheter-related Infections and Peritonitis in Pediatric Patients Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis: 2012 Update

Infectious complications remain the most significant cause for morbidity in pediatric patients receiving chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD). Although prophylactic measures have led to improved results in some centers, the frequency of peritonitis in children on PD continues to exceed that seen in adults, and peritonitis remains the most common reason for changing dialysis modality in children (1,2). The serious nature of this infection led to the creation and publication in 2000 of the Consensus Guidelines for the Treatment of Peritonitis in Pediatric Patients Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis (3), under the auspices of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD). Those largely opinion-based guidelines were composed by an international committee of experts in the field of pediatric dialysis and served as the first such set of recommendations specific to the pediatric PD population. After the publication of those guidelines, the International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Registry (IPPR) was established to support evaluations of the impact of implementing the guidelines on a global basis and to collect data to serve as evidence upon which future guidelines could be based. Data generated from 501 episodes of peritonitis were collected by the IPPR and serve as a foundation for many of the recommendations made in the present publication (4,5). As with the earlier publication, an international group of experts consisting of pediatric nephrologists, a pediatric dialysis nurse, and a pediatric infectious disease specialist collaborated in the effort. Committee discussions took place face-to-face, during conference calls, and by e-mail. The strength of each guideline statement is graded as Level 1 or 2, or Not Graded, and the quality of the supporting evidence as A, B, C, or D in accordance with the rating scheme used in the KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) Clinical Practice Guideline for the Care of the Kidney Transplant Recipient (6). Table 1 describes the scheme. TABLE 1 Guideline Rating Scheme Finally, wherever possible, efforts were made to achieve harmonization between the recently published adult treatment recommendations and those designed for children (7). In addition, supporting information (for example, reporting of peritonitis rates, definitions) that is included in the publication pertaining to adults and that is equally applicable to pediatric populations was included in the present publication.
Virtual Machine Computing in an Engineering Environment

Enhancement of the computing in an engineering environment by the installation of a virtual machine time-sharing system is discussed. This installation has been particularly useful in allowing the engineer to make the computer an integral part of a design cycle through the interactive use of graphic displays. Described is a CP-67 system implementing the virtual machine concept. By using an operating system of his choice in his own virtual machine, the engineering user has great flexibility in the development of applications.
Liquid-filled sealed MEMS capsules fabricated by fluidic self-assembly

We present a new method to encapsulate functional liquids into sealed MEMS capsules by fluidic self-assembly. Self-assembly of 200 μm SU-8 cargos and picoliter liquid co-encapsulation are driven by the interplay of global fluidic drag and short-range capillary forces. The latter ensues from the localized surface-selective precipitation of a photopolymerizable adhesive onto the capsules' rim. Assembly yield higher than 50% is achieved, and can be improved by optimized agitation and shape matching. The method is massively parallel, scalable and compatible with batch MEMS fabrication. It can address a variety of applications, including distributed MEMS, cell encapsulation and drug delivery.
Nominal games and full abstraction for the nu-calculus

We introduce nominal games for modelling programming languages with dynamically generated local names, as exemplified by Pitts and Stark's nu-calculus. Inspired by Pitts and Gabbay's recent work on nominal sets, we construct arenas and strategies in the world (or topos) of Fraenkel-Mostowski sets (or simply FM-sets). We fix an infinite set N of names to be the "atoms" of the FM-theory, and interpret the type v of names as the flat arena whose move-set is N. This approach leads to a clean and precise treatment of fresh names and standard game constructions (such as plays, views, innocent strategies, etc.) that are considered invariant under renaming. The main result is the construction of the first fully-abstract model for the nu-calculus.
The psychosocial outcome of adolescent-onset schizophrenia: a 12-year followup.

This study examines the educational/occupational outcome and social situation of patients treated for schizophrenia in adolescence (age at admission 11.5-17.9 years; mean 16.0 years). Out of 96 consecutively admitted patients between 1976 and 1987, 85 (89%) could be traced and 65 (68%) were reassessed more than 10 years after the first episode. At followup, 54 of the 65 (83%) had had at least one further inpatient-treated episode and 48 (74%) were receiving psychiatric treatment. Thirty-seven (57%) of the subjects were at least moderately impaired with respect to vocational functions (i.e., did not achieve their premorbid educational/occupational goals). Serious social disability was found in 42 (66%) of the 64 subjects for whom social disability data were available. Regarding means of maintenance, 49 (75%) were financially dependent, supported by parents or public assistance. Impairments were comparable for males and females. History of treatment (longer duration of inpatient stay; more than two inpatient episodes) was found to be predictive of lower vocational functioning at followup. Severity of positive symptoms and more than two inpatient episodes in the early course of illness predicted social disabilities in young adulthood. Findings support the view that, because of early onset, the long-term perspective for many adolescent-onset schizophrenia patients is that of poor social adjustment, severe functional impairment, and high socioeconomic dependence and suggest that consequences are more severe than in adult-onset schizophrenia.
Morphological Processor for Inflectional Case of Multipurpose Lexico-Conceptual Knowledge Resource

Myanmar language is morphologically rich and agglutinative language. Myanmar words are postpositionally inflected with various grammatical features which can cause difficulties for Language Acquisition (LA). LA is important for development of Myanmar Natural Language Processing (NLP). For this reason, Myanmar Language Lexico-Conceptual Knowledge Resource (ML2KR) is developed. ML2KR consists of three main resources; Myanmar WordNet, Myaanmar-English Computational lexicon and Morphocon. Myanmar WordNet and Myanmar-English computational Lexicon serve as Myanmar Language Resources (MLRs), and Morphocon serves as morphological processor to support the MLRs. This paper presents the morphological processor (analyzer and generator), Morphocon, to support the inflectional verbal and colloquial cases for knowledge resources by using the rule-and-feature based model of Myanmar inflectional morphology. By supporting with Morphocon in MLRs, it can reduce the time and storage consumption. The evaluation of coverage for lexical acquisition increased to nearly tenfold of existing data. Moreover, the evaluation of the correctness of Morphocon yields the satisfactory result because precision, recall and f-measure are nearly and over 95% in both morphological analyzer and generator. Error analyzes of morphological analyzer shown that it need to deal for complicated word of inflectional case for negative of verb and superlative of adjective.
Incorporating Meta-Emotions in Integrative Cognitive-Affective Therapy to Treat Comorbid Bulimia Nervosa and Substance Use Disorders in a Latina American

Individuals with co-occurring eating and substance use disorders have poorer psychosocial adjustment than those with only eating pathology or substance misuse patterns; these complex cases are often challenging to treat in clinical settings. Eating and substance use disorders share personality, affective, and cognitive etiologic factors, suggesting the importance and opportunities to treat them simultaneously in an integrative intervention approach. The integrative cognitive-affective therapy (ICAT) validated to treat bulimia nervosa follows an evidence-based conceptual framework; it addresses many shared risk factors that underlie eating and substance use disorders. A Latina American with comorbid bulimia nervosa, alcohol and cocaine use disorders, and bipolar I disorder was treated using ICAT; therapy was augmented with an explicit examination of, and cognitive restructuring surrounding, negative meta-emotions. ICAT and treatment around meta-emotions were delivered in the context of an intensive outpatient program. Over the course of 15 individual sessions and at 1-month follow-up, the patient reported a decrease in dietary restraint, binge eating episodes, body dissatisfaction, and negative attitudes toward obesity and alcohol and cocaine abuse, and maintained a stable weight. The patient also saw improvements in depression- and anxiety-related symptoms, and self-evaluation. This case supports the flexibility and benefits of examining meta-emotion philosophy in the context of ICAT for the treatment of co-occurring eating and substance use disorders for adults in a clinical setting.
Inhibition of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway Suppresses Dentate Granule Cell Axon Sprouting in a Rodent Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Dentate granule cell axon (mossy fiber) sprouting is a common abnormality in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Mossy fiber sprouting creates an aberrant positive-feedback network among granule cells that does not normally exist. Its role in epileptogenesis is unclear and controversial. If it were possible to block mossy fiber sprouting from developing after epileptogenic treatments, its potential role in the pathogenesis of epilepsy could be tested. Previous attempts to block mossy fiber sprouting have been unsuccessful. The present study targeted the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, which regulates cell growth and is blocked by rapamycin. Rapamycin was focally, continuously, and unilaterally infused into the dorsal hippocampus for prolonged periods beginning within hours after rats sustained pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. Infusion for 1 month reduced aberrant Timm staining (a marker of mossy fibers) in the granule cell layer and molecular layer. Infusion for 2 months inhibited mossy fiber sprouting more. However, after rapamycin infusion ceased, aberrant Timm staining developed and approached untreated levels. When onset of infusion began after mossy fiber sprouting had developed for 2 months, rapamycin did not reverse aberrant Timm staining. These findings suggest that inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway suppressed development of mossy fiber sprouting. However, suppression required continual treatment, and rapamycin treatment did not reverse already established axon reorganization.
Visually Controlled Locomotion: 40 years Later

Gibson's article, Visually Controlled Locomotion and Visual Orientation in Animals(1958/this issue), is the leading statement of a nonrepresentational, information-based approach to visual control. The core ideas he introduced 40 years ago resurface, explicitly or implicitly, in much contemporary work on perception and action in humans, insects, robots, and autonomous agents. The purpose of this special issue is to assess the continuing pertinence of these insights and illustrate current directions in research on visually controlled locomotion. In this article, I locate the 1958 article in the context of Gibson's emerging theory of perception, contrast information-based control with standard model-based and cybernetic control architectures, evaluate the current status of Gibson's visual control formulae, and situate visual control within an informational-dynamical approach to agent-environment systems. Locomotion is a biologically basic function, and if that can be accounted for then the problem of human .
Road traffic density estimation in vehicular networks

Road traffic density estimation provides important information for road planning, intelligent road routing, road traffic control, vehicular network traffic scheduling, routing and dissemination. The ever increasing number of vehicles equipped with wireless communication capabilities provide new means to estimate the road traffic density more accurately and in real time than traditionally used techniques. In this paper, we consider the problem of road traffic density estimation where each vehicle estimates its local road traffic density using some simple measurements only, i.e. the number of neighboring vehicles. A maximum likelihood estimator of the traffic density is obtained based on a rigorous analysis of the joint distribution of the number of vehicles in each hop. Analysis is also performed on the accuracy of the estimation and the amount of neighborhood information required for an accurate road traffic density estimation. Simulations are performed which validate the accuracy and the robustness of the proposed density estimation algorithm.
On Using Fluid Flow Models for Performance Analysis of Computer Networks

It is well documented and accepted that traffic in computer-communication networks exhibit long-range dependence (LRD). Whether one looks at connection level or request level or packet level traffic, the arrivals are not independent. They are correlated over a very large number of arrivals. Several researchers have suggested using various types of “self-similar” models to characterize LRD traffic. While these self-similar models do a fantastic job of characterizing traffic, they are typically difficult to use in performance analysis. For example when self-similar traffic is fed into a queue to be processed, except for some special cases, it is usually not easy to analytically obtain metrics such as time in the system, average workload, loss probability, etc.
An Ion Channel Essential for Sensing Chemical Damage

Tissue damage and its downstream consequences are experimentally assayed by formaldehyde application, which indiscriminately modifies proteins and is presumed to cause pain through broadly acting mechanisms. Here we show that formaldehyde activates the ion channel TRPA1 and that TRPA1-deficient mice exhibit dramatically reduced formaldehyde-induced pain responses. 4-Hydroxynonenal, a reactive chemical produced endogenously during oxidative stress, and other related aldehydes also activate TRPA1 in vitro. Furthermore, painful responses to iodoacetamide, a nonspecific cysteine-alkylating compound, are abolished in TRPA1-deficient mice. Therefore, although these reactive chemicals modify many proteins, the associated pain appears mainly dependent on a single ion channel.
Lack of replication for the myosin-18 B association with mathematical ability in independent cohorts

Pettigrew, K. A. and Fajutrao Valles, S. F. and Moll, K. and Northstone, K. and Ring, S. and Pennell, C. and Wang, C. and Leavett, R. and HayiouThomas, M. E. and Thompson, P. and Simpson, N. H. and Fisher, S. E. and Whitehouse, A. J O and Snowling, M. J. and Newbury, D. F. and Paracchini, S. and Nudel, R. and Monaco, A. P. and Francks, C. and Baird, G. and Slonims, V. and Dworzynski, K. and Bolton, P. F. and Simonoff, E. and O'Hare, A. and Seckl, J. and Cowie, H. and Clark, A. and Watson, J. and Nasir, J. and Cohen, W. and Everitt, A. and Hennessy, E. R. and Shaw, D. and Helms, P. J. and Simkin, Z. and Conti, G. and Ramsden, D. and Bishop, D. V M and Pickles, A. (2015) Lack of replication for the myosin-18B association with mathematical ability in independent cohorts. Genes, Brain and Behavior, 14 (4). pp. 369-376. ISSN 1601-1848 , http://dx.doi. org/10.1111/gbb.12213
In teracting with NeuroCognitive Robots: A Dynamical Systems View

In this paper, we will explore possibilities of dynamic interactions between human and neurocognitive robots especially focusing on the psychological problems of joint attentions and turn-taking. Firstly, we will show that movement patterns of a joystick-type haptic device which are driven by a simple attractor-based memory dynamics of recurrent neural network (RNN) can introduce novel interactive experiences to human subjects based on their force and proprioceptional sensations. Secondly, we will show experiments of joint attention game between human and a humanoid robot based on imitation learning. In the experiments, an extended scheme of RNNs is utilized for constructing a mirror system by which recognition of other’s movements and generation of owns can be naturally synchronized in the realtime imitation. These experiments suggest that spontaneous shifts in joint attentions as well as turn taking have resulted from so-called the open-dynamic structures where stable and unstable manifold coexist in the coupling between the robots and human cognitive processes.
Rb–Raf-1 Interaction Disruptor RRD-251 Induces Apoptosis in Metastatic Melanoma Cells and Synergizes with Dacarbazine

Metastatic melanoma is an aggressive cancer with very low response rate against conventional chemotherapeutic agents such as dacarbazine (DTIC). Inhibitor of Rb–Raf-1 interaction RRD-251 was tested against the melanoma cell lines SK-MEL-28, SK-MEL-5, and SK-MEL-2. RRD-251 was found to be a potent inhibitor of melanoma cell proliferation, irrespective of V600E B-Raf mutation status of the cell lines. In a SK-MEL-28 xenograft experiment, RRD-251 exerted a significant suppression of tumor growth compared with vehicle (P = 0.003). Similar to in vitro effects, tumors from RRD-251–treated animals showed decreased Rb–Raf-1 interaction in vivo. Growth suppressive effects of RRD-251 were associated with induction of apoptosis as well as a G1 arrest, with an accompanying decrease in S-phase cells. RRD-251 inhibited Rb phosphorylation and downregulated E2F1 protein levels in these cells. Real-time PCR analysis showed that RRD-251 caused downregulation of cell-cycle regulatory genes thymidylate synthase (TS) and cdc6 as well as the antiapoptotic gene Mcl-1. Combinatorial treatment of RRD-251 and DTIC resulted in a significantly higher apoptosis in DTIC resistant cell lines SK-MEL-28 and SK-MEL-5, as revealed by increased caspase-3 activity and PARP cleavage. Because aberrant Rb/E2F pathway is associated with melanoma progression and resistance to apoptosis, these results suggest that the Rb–Raf-1 inhibitor could be an effective agent for melanoma treatment, either alone or in combination with DTIC. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(12); 3330–41. ©2010 AACR.
Prioritized Default Logic with Trust Values

A drawback of traditional default logic is that there is no general mechanism for preferring one default rule over another. To remedy this problem, numerous default logics augmented with priority relations have been introduced. In this paper, we show how trust values, derived from web-based social networks, can be used to prioritize defaults. We provide a coupling between the method for computing trust values in social networks given in (Golbeck 2005) and the prioritized Reiter defaults of (Baader & Hollunder 1995), where specificity of terminological concepts is used to prioritize defaults. We compare our approach with specificity-based prioritization, and discuss how the two can be combined. Finally, we show how our approach can be applied to other variants of prioritized default logic.
Binaural hearing-aid system using SIMO-model-based ICA and directivity-dependency-reduced binary masking

A binaural hearing-aid system based on two-stage blind sound source separation (BSS) method is now being studied by some of the authors. This system consists of two techniques; a single-input multiple-output (SIMO)-model-based independent component analysis part and binaural-output-capable SIMO-model-based binary masking (SIMO-BM) parts. However owing to user-specific head-related transfer function (HRTF) for receiving the sounds and adopting SIMO-BMs in the 2nd stage, the previous system has directivity dependency for sound sourcespsila layout. In this paper, we introduce a new BSS method which mitigates user-specific HRTF and keep the separation performance. The experimental results reveal that the separation performance can be improved by using the proposed method compared with the conventional methods in case of sound sources are located lopsidedly.