Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines.

BACKGROUND This article addresses the treatment of VTE disease. METHODS We generated strong (Grade 1) and weak (Grade 2) recommendations based on high-quality (Grade A), moderate-quality (Grade B), and low-quality (Grade C) evidence. RESULTS For acute DVT or pulmonary embolism (PE), we recommend initial parenteral anticoagulant therapy (Grade 1B) or anticoagulation with rivaroxaban. We suggest low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) or fondaparinux over IV unfractionated heparin (Grade 2C) or subcutaneous unfractionated heparin (Grade 2B). We suggest thrombolytic therapy for PE with hypotension (Grade 2C). For proximal DVT or PE, we recommend treatment of 3 months over shorter periods (Grade 1B). For a first proximal DVT or PE that is provoked by surgery or by a nonsurgical transient risk factor, we recommend 3 months of therapy (Grade 1B; Grade 2B if provoked by a nonsurgical risk factor and low or moderate bleeding risk); that is unprovoked, we suggest extended therapy if bleeding risk is low or moderate (Grade 2B) and recommend 3 months of therapy if bleeding risk is high (Grade 1B); and that is associated with active cancer, we recommend extended therapy (Grade 1B; Grade 2B if high bleeding risk) and suggest LMWH over vitamin K antagonists (Grade 2B). We suggest vitamin K antagonists or LMWH over dabigatran or rivaroxaban (Grade 2B). We suggest compression stockings to prevent the postthrombotic syndrome (Grade 2B). For extensive superficial vein thrombosis, we suggest prophylactic-dose fondaparinux or LMWH over no anticoagulation (Grade 2B), and suggest fondaparinux over LMWH (Grade 2C). CONCLUSION Strong recommendations apply to most patients, whereas weak recommendations are sensitive to differences among patients, including their preferences.
Anisotropic etching of silicon for accelerometer chip fabrication

Anisotropic etching of (100) single crystal silicon (SCS) in potassium hydroxide (KOH) -- water solutions and Ethylene diamine pyrocatechol (EDP) -- water solutions has been investigated for fabrication of a seismic mass -- spring structure used in inertial accelerometers. The vertical anisotropic etching rate and lateral undercut rates have been experimentally determined in both the cases. For EDP the effect of temperature on the etching rates have been found to follow an Arrhenius type of temperature dependence. The activation energies vary from 0.17 eV to 0.58 eV for EDP solutions of varying concentration. The effect of addition of iso-propyl alcohol to KOH have resulted in reduction of etching rates. The basic design rules for etching a seismic mass structure with vertical end walls on (100) silicon wafer are highlighted.
Sentiment Classification with Word Attention based on Weakly Supervised Learning with a Convolutional Neural Network

In order to maximize the applicability of sentiment analysis results, it is necessary to not only classify the overall sentiment (positive/negative) of a given document but also to identify the main words that contribute to the classification. However, most datasets for sentiment analysis only have the sentiment label for each document or sentence. In other words, there is no information about which words play an important role in sentiment classification. In this paper, we propose a method for identifying key words discriminating positive and negative sentences by using a weakly supervised learning method based on a convolutional neural network (CNN). In our model, each word is represented as a continuous-valued vector and each sentence is represented as a matrix whose rows correspond to the word vector used in the sentence. Then, the CNN model is trained using these sentence matrices as inputs and the sentiment labels as the output. Once the CNN model is trained, we implement the word attention mechanism that identifies high-contributing words to classification results with a class activation map, using the weights from the fully connected layer at the end of the learned CNN model. In order to verify the proposed methodology, we evaluated the classification accuracy and inclusion rate of polarity words using two movie review datasets. Experimental result show that the proposed model can not only correctly classify the sentence polarity but also successfully identify the corresponding words with high polarity scores.
Numerical Simulation of Fine Blanking on Plane Blankholder

Fine blanking process on plane blank holder utilizes three tooling elements: a punch, a plane blank holder and an ejector to generate a highly compressive stress state and pure shearing forces to constraint the deformation of sheet metal within the narrow blanking clearance zone. Numerical simulation of fine blanking for steel 20 was performed using commercial FEM software DEFORM, and element deletion technology was used to model the initiation and propagation of crack. Besides, Normalized Cockroft&Latham ductile fracture model was taken into the prediction of the quality of shear surface. Material flow analysis was investigated with the respect to the blank holder and ejector force, and the influence of process parameters such as blanking clearance and die edge radius on shear surface was discussed in this paper. Thus, effect of blank holder and ejector forces on the material flow characteristics, the relationship between the process parameters and burnish zone ratio are revealed, which may be helpful to the development of fine blanking.
AmIRTEM: A Functional Model for Training of Aerobic Endurance for Health Improvement

In a nonstrenuous exercise, the heart rate (HR) shows a linear relationship with the maximum volume of oxygen consumption VO2Max and serves as an indicator of performance of the cardiovascular system. The HR replaces the %VO2Max in exercise program prescription to improve aerobic endurance. In order to achieve an optimal effect in an endurance training, the athlete needs to work out at an HR high enough to trigger the aerobic metabolism, while avoiding the very high HRs that bring along significant risks of myocardial infarction. The minimal and optimal base training programs, followed by stretching exercises to prevent injuries, are adequate programs to maximize benefits and minimize health risks for the cardiovascular system during single session training. In this paper, we have defined a functional model for an ambient intelligence system that monitors, evaluates, and trains the aerobic endurance. It is based on the Android operating system and the Gow Running smart shirt. The system has been evaluated during functional assessment stress testing of aerobic endurance in the Stress Physiology Laboratory (SPL) of the Technical University of Madrid. Furthermore, a voice system designed to guide the user through minimal and optimal base training programs has been evaluated. The results obtained fully confirm the model with a high correlation between the data collected by the system and the by SPL. There is also a high hit rate between training sessions of the users and the objective training functions defined in the training programs.
Securing the Internet of Things: A Standardization Perspective

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the next wave of innovation that promises to improve and optimize our daily life based on intelligent sensors and smart objects working together. Through Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, devices can now be connected to the Internet, thus allowing them to be read, controlled, and managed at any time and at any place. Security is an important aspect for IoT deployments. However, proprietary security solutions do not help in formulating a coherent security vision to enable IoT devices to securely communicate with each other in an interoperable manner. This paper gives an overview of the efforts in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to standardize security solutions for the IoT ecosystem. We first provide an in-depth review of the communication security solutions for IoT, specifically the standard security protocols to be used in conjunction with the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), an application protocol specifically tailored to the needs of adapting to the constraints of IoT devices. Since Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) has been chosen as the channel security underneath CoAP, this paper also discusses the latest standardization efforts to adapt and enhance the DTLS for IoT applications. This includes the use of 1) raw public key in DTLS; 2) extending DTLS record Layer to protect group (multicast) communication; and 3) profiling DTLS for reducing the size and complexity of implementations on embedded devices. We also provide an extensive review of compression schemes that are being proposed in IETF to mitigate message fragmentation issues in DTLS.
New microsatellite markers for Tricyrtis macrantha (Convallariaceae) and cross-amplification in closely related species1

Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were characterized in Tricyrtis macrantha (sect. Brachycyrtis, Convallariaceae), a vulnerable species endemic to Japan, to investigate its genetic diversity and population structure. Methods and Results: Eleven microsatellite markers were developed. The number of alleles per locus ranged from one to seven, and genetic diversity per locus ranged from 0.142 to 0.812. Four markers were successfully amplified in other species of sect. Brachycyrtis (T. ishiiana, T. ishiiana var. surugensis, and T. macranthopsis). Conclusions: The microsatellite markers can be used to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of the vulnerable and endangered species of Tricyrtis sect. Brachycyrtis, to aid in the development of conservation strategies for each species.
Tea Consumption and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Europe: The EPIC-InterAct Case-Cohort Study

Background In previous meta-analyses, tea consumption has been associated with lower incidence of type 2 diabetes. It is unclear, however, if tea is associated inversely over the entire range of intake. Therefore, we investigated the association between tea consumption and incidence of type 2 diabetes in a European population. Methodology/Principal Findings The EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study was conducted in 26 centers in 8 European countries and consists of a total of 12,403 incident type 2 diabetes cases and a stratified subcohort of 16,835 individuals from a total cohort of 340,234 participants with 3.99 million person-years of follow-up. Country-specific Hazard Ratios (HR) for incidence of type 2 diabetes were obtained after adjustment for lifestyle and dietary factors using a Cox regression adapted for a case-cohort design. Subsequently, country-specific HR were combined using a random effects meta-analysis. Tea consumption was studied as categorical variable (0, >0-<1, 1-<4, ≥4 cups/day). The dose-response of the association was further explored by restricted cubic spline regression. Country specific medians of tea consumption ranged from 0 cups/day in Spain to 4 cups/day in United Kingdom. Tea consumption was associated inversely with incidence of type 2 diabetes; the HR was 0.84 [95%CI 0.71, 1.00] when participants who drank ≥4 cups of tea per day were compared with non-drinkers (p linear trend = 0.04). Incidence of type 2 diabetes already tended to be lower with tea consumption of 1-<4 cups/day (HR = 0.93 [95%CI 0.81, 1.05]). Spline regression did not suggest a non-linear association (pnon-linearity = 0.20). Conclusions/Significance A linear inverse association was observed between tea consumption and incidence of type 2 diabetes. People who drink at least 4 cups of tea per day may have a 16% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes than non-tea drinkers.
Measuring thermophysical properties of ultrathin photoresist films

We have used ellipsometry to study the glass transition temperature (Tg) of thin films (thicknesses 4-300 nm) of monodisperse polystyrene (PS-M), polydisperse polystyrene (PS-P), and a Shipley photoresist base polymer (SBP) with and without photoacid generator (PAG) on silicon substrates. For films less than 40 nm thick, Tg values decreased with respect to their bulk values for PS-M and SBP films. Films containing PAG exhibited further reduction of Tg values as predicted by the Fox equation to within experimental error.
Surface reconstruction with Wavelet transformation

The development in computing power highlights some forgotten algorithms, which were neglected because of their complexity and slowness on early computers. One example is the Wavelet-Transformation Profilometry (WTP) of which successful application is demonstrated in the paper. WTP is a high level signal processing method using orthogonal algorithms for huge datasets. The high performance in quality and running speed makes the described method suitable for medical image processing applications.
Prevalence of Minor Psychiatric Disorders and Factors Affecting It in Iranian Nurses

Dear Editor-in-ChiefThe relationship between mental disorders and quality of life has been investigated in many researches (1). In the recent years, the prevalence of mental disorders had a systematic development in different social fields (2). Nowadays, occupational stress in the workplace has been increased (3). In health system, nurses are the largest service providers and besides it is also one of the most stressful occupations among all; therefore, nurses are targeted to occupational exhaustion, and thus work tensions greatly influences their physical and mental health (4). Mental disorders of nurses affect the services that they provide to the patients which in turn delays the recovery of the patients. Hospital employees had the lowest quality of life among others (5). This study aimed at investigating the prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders (MPD) and its associated factors among nurses in southern Iran using the GHQ-12 questionnaire.This cross-sectional study was conducted on nurses working in the hospitals of Fars and Bushehr provinces of Iran in 2014. The Latent Class Regression (LCR) was used which has three advantages. First, there is no need for determining a cut-off point. Second, it is independent of how we score the GHQ-12. Third, LCR can evaluate the effect of covariates on MPD level.Among 771 nurses, 65.1% were female and 28.8% were single. The mean (±SD) of age and work experience were 32.06±6.28 and 7.74±5.79 years, respectively. Most of the nurses had bachelor's degree (91.1%) and 41.5% were contractual employment type. Table 1 shows covariates coefficients in modelling the level of MPD.According to the results, nurses were categorized into "with and without MPD" classes. This finding is in line with earlier studies which had divided people into two groups on the basis of mental health (6, 7). About 27.4% of the nurses were classified into "with MPD" class. Based on previous studies, the prevalence of mental disorders has been reported to be about 34 to 41 percent among nurses (8). The result of LCA regression showed that gender was affecting factor on MPD using GHQ-12, so females had 20 percent more chance to be classified in the group "with MPD". In similar studies, females more likely had mental disorders than males (9, 10). In both classes (with and without MPD), none of marital status, education, age, work experience and employment type factors were significant.Nurses undergo a lot of circumstances because of the type of their profession and therefore are subject to more stressors. …
A truncated form of the Pho80 cyclin redirects the Pho85 kinase to disrupt vacuole inheritance in S. cerevisiae

Partitioning of the vacuole during cell division in Saccharomyces cerevisiae begins during early S phase and ends in late G2 phase before the yeast nucleus migrates into the bud neck. We have isolated and characterized a new mutant, vac5-1, which is defective in vacuole segregation. Cells with the vac5-1 mutation can form large buds without vacuoles. The VAC5 gene was cloned and is identical to PHO80. PHO80 encodes a cyclin which acts in a complex with a cdc-like kinase, PHO85, as a negative regulator of two transcription factors (PHO2 and PHO4) that govern the expression of metabolic phosphatases. The vacuole inheritance defect in vac5-1 cells is dependent on the presence of the Pho85 kinase and its targets Pho4p and Pho2p. As with other alleles of PHO80, phosphatase levels are elevated in vac5-1 mutants. A suppressor, the COOH-terminal half of the Gal11 transcription factor, rescues the vac5-1 phenotype of defective vacuole inheritance without altering the vac5-1 phenotype of elevated phosphatase levels. In addition, neither maximal nor minimal levels of expression of the inducible "PHO" system phosphatases causes a vacuole inheritance defect. Though vac5-1 is recessive, pho80 delta or pho85 delta strains do not show a defect in vacuole inheritance, suggesting that vac5-1 is not a complete loss-of- function allele. Sequence analysis shows that the vac5-1 allele encodes a truncated form of the Pho80 cyclin and overexpression of vac5-1 in pho80 delta cells causes a vacuole inheritance defect. We conclude that the vac5-1 allele directs the Pho85 kinase to regulate, via transcription factors Pho4 and Pho2, genes that affect vacuole inheritance but which are not known to be under normal PHO pathway control.
Friction control during automotive braking: Experimental observations and simulation at nanometre scale

The structure and composition of friction films on brake pads and rotors were studied by analytical transmission electron microscopy. The observed films were only 100–500 nm thick and comprised a nanocrystalline microstructure of iron oxide mixed with minor amounts of other pad constituents. A model based on movable cellular automata was applied to simulate the situation at the pad/disc interface. The following features could be shown clearly: formation of a quasi liquid layer, velocity accommodation between the rotating disc and the fixed pad and mechanical mixing of nanoparticles from pad and disc. Furthermore, the model revealed the evolution of the coefficient of friction for different layer compositions. The nanostructure of the friction film was very important with respect to friction force stabilisation and elimination of fluctuations. The simulation results suggest that a volume fraction of 10% of a solid lubricant is essential for good brake performance.
A change in the electro-physical parameters of narrow-gap CdHgTe solid solutions acted upon by a diffusion discharge in the air, argon and nitrogen at atmospheric pressure

The effect of a nanosecond volume discharge forming in an inhomogeneous electrical field in various gas environments at atmospheric pressure on the CdHgTe(MCT) epitaxial films of the p-type conduction is studied. The measurement of the electrophysical parameters of the MCT specimens upon irradiation shows that a layer exhibiting the n-type conduction is formed in the near-surface region of the epitaxial films. Analysis of the preliminary results reveals that the foregoing nanosecond volume discharge in various gas environments at atmospheric pressure is promising for modification of electro-physical MCT properties.
Load-side acceleration control of a 2-inertia resonant system for fine torque servoing

This paper proposes a load-side acceleration control system for fine torque servoing. In the case of a 2-inertia resonant system, conventional motor-side acceleration control based on a disturbance observer induces resonant vibration that deteriorates load-side torque control. In order to solve the vibration problem, the proposed system consists of the motor-side acceleration controller, an I-PD torsion torque controller, and a load-side disturbance observer. Numerical simulations confirm that the proposed method reduces the resonant vibration caused by the 2-inertia system, and that actual load-side acceleration converges with an acceleration reference. Furthermore, this paper investigates the effect of the inertia and stiffness variation. Finally, the effectiveness of the load-side torque control system with the proposed load-side acceleration controller is confirmed by simulations.
Mitochondrial oxidative stress in cancer-associated fibroblasts drives lactate production, promoting breast cancer tumor growth

Increasing chronological age is the most significant risk factor for cancer. Recently, we proposed a new paradigm for understanding the role of the aging and the tumor microenvironment in cancer onset. In this model, cancer cells induce oxidative stress in adjacent stromal fibroblasts. This, in turn, causes several changes in the phenotype of the fibroblast including mitochondrial dysfunction, hydrogen peroxide production, and aerobic glycolysis, resulting in high levels of L-lactate production. L-lactate is then transferred from these glycolytic fibroblasts to adjacent epithelial cancer cells and used as “fuel” for oxidative mitochondrial metabolism. Here, we created a new pre-clinical model system to directly test this hypothesis experimentally. To synthetically generate glycolytic fibroblasts, we genetically-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by knocking down TFAM using an sh-RNA approach. TFAM is mitochondrial transcription factor A, which is important in functionally maintaining the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Interestingly, TFAM-deficient fibroblasts showed evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, with the loss of certain mitochondrial respiratory chain components, and the over-production of hydrogen peroxide and L-lactate. Thus, TFAM-deficient fibroblasts underwent metabolic reprogramming towards aerobic glycolysis. Most importantly, TFAM-deficient fibroblasts significantly promoted tumor growth, as assayed using a human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) xenograft model. These increases in glycolytic fibroblast driven tumor growth were independent of tumor angiogenesis. Mechanistically, TFAM-deficient fibroblasts increased the mitochondrial activity of adjacent epithelial cancer cells in a co-culture system, as seen using MitoTracker. Finally, TFAM-deficient fibroblasts also showed a loss of caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a known breast cancer stromal biomarker. Loss of stromal fibroblast Cav-1 is associated with early tumor recurrence, metastasis, and treatment failure, resulting in poor clinical outcome in breast cancer patients. Thus, this new experimental model system, employing glycolytic fibroblasts, may be highly clinically relevant. These studies also have implications for understanding the role of hydrogen peroxide production in oxidative damage and “host cell aging,” in providing a permissive metabolic microenvironment for promoting and sustaining tumor growth.