Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inverse designed broadband all-dielectric electromagnetic metadevices

We present an all-dielectric metadevice platform realized by combining an inverse electromagnetic design computational method with additive manufacturing. As opposed to conventional flat metasurface based devices that are composed of resonant building blocks resulting in narrow band operation, our design approach creates non-resonant, extremely broadband metadevices. We propose and demonstrate high-efficiency (transmission > 60%), using thin all-dielectric metadevices that are capable of polarization splitting, beam bending, and focusing. Experimental demonstrations are performed at millimeter-wave frequencies using 3D-printed metadevices, however our proposed platform can be readily applied to the design and fabrication of electromagnetic and photonic metadevices spanning microwave to optical frequencies.
title : Testing the role of predicted gene knockouts in human anthropometric trait variation First Author :

variation. Lessard, S; Manning, AK; Low-Kam, C; Auer, PL; Giri, A; Graff, M; Schurmann, C; Yaghootkar, H; Luan, J; Esko, T; Karaderi, T; NHLBI GO Exome Sequence Project,; GOT2D,; T2D-GENES,; GIANT Consortium,; Bottinger, EP; Lu, Y; Carlson, C; Caulfield, M; Dubé, MP; Jackson, RD; Kooperberg, C; McKnight, B; Mongrain, I; Peters, U; Reiner, AP; Rhainds, D; Sotoodehnia, N; Hirschhorn, JN; Scott, RA; Munroe, PB; Frayling, TM; Loos, RJ; North, KE; Edwards, TL; Tardif, JC; Lindgren, CM; Lettre, G
Mass flowering crops dilute pollinator abundance in agricultural landscapes across

Holzschuh, A. , Dainese, M. , González­Varo, J. P., Mudri­ Stojnić, S. , Riedinger, V. , Rundlöf, M. , Scheper, J., Wickens, J. B. , Wickens, V. J., Bommarco, R. , Kleijn, D. , Potts, S. G. , Roberts, S. P. M. , Smith, H. G. , Vilà, M. , Vujić, A. and Steffan­ Dewenter, I. (2016) Mass­flowering crops dilute pollinator abundance in agricultural landscapes across Europe. Ecology Letters, 19 (10). pp. 1228­1236. ISSN 1461023X doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12657 Available at http://centaur.reading. ac.uk/68149/
Statins for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Women With Elevated High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein or Dyslipidemia: Results From the Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: An Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER) and Meta-Analysis of Women From Primary

The use of statins in patients with manifest cardiovascular disease is established, with similar benefits seen in women and men, but statin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is controversial, particularly for women. We analyzed sex-specific outcomes in the Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: An Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER) and conducted an updated meta-analysis of statin use for women in primary prevention (20 147 women; 276 cardiovascular disease events; mean age, 63 to 69 years). JUPITER was a multicenter randomized trial designed to assess the benefits and risks of statin therapy in apparently healthy individuals selected on the basis of elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, a marker of higher cardiovascular risk, without a concomitant elevation in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. JUPITER participants included 6801 women 60 years of age and 11 001 men 50 years of age with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein 2 mg/L and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 130 mg/dL who were randomized to rosuvastatin 20 mg/d versus placebo. Absolute cardiovascular disease rates for rosuvastatin and placebo in JUPITER were lower for women than for men, but there were similar and significant relative risk reductions in both women (by 46%) and men (by 42%). In women, there was significant reduction in revascularization/unstable angina and nonsignificant reductions in other components of the primary end point. Furthermore, in this updated meta-analysis of statin therapy for primary prevention in women, statin allocation yielded a significant relative risk reduction in cardiovascular disease by one-third, similar to prior results in men and in secondary prevention in women. See p 1069.
Rise in testing and diagnosis associated with Scotland's hepatitis C action plan on hepatitis C and introduction of dried blood spot testing

Citation for published version (Harvard): McLeod, A, Weir, A, Aitken, C, Gunson, R, Templeton, K, Molyneaux, P, McIntyre, P, McDonald, S, Goldberg, D & Hutchinson, S 2014, 'Rise in testing and diagnosis associated with Scotland's hepatitis C action plan on hepatitis C and introduction of dried blood spot testing. ', Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2014-204451
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric tube carcinoma after esophagectomy contributes to long-term outcomes: a retrospective case series

Satoru Hashimoto (  hashim@med.niigata-u.ac.jp ) Niigata Nbiversity Medical and Dental Hospital https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1418-6382 Hiroki Sato Niigata University Ken-ichi Mizuno Niigata University Kazuya Takahashi Niigata University Masafumi Takatsuna Niigata University Junji Yokoyama Niigata University Hiroshi Ichikawa Niigata University Manabu Takeuchi Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital Masaaki Kobayashi Niigata Cancer Center Hospital Shuji Terai Niigata University
Explorer A randomised controlled trial of three very brief interventions for physical activity in primary care

Background: Very brief interventions (VBIs) for physical activity are promising, but there is uncertainty about their potential effectiveness and cost. We assessed potential efficacy, feasibility, acceptability, and cost of three VBIs in primary care, in order to select the most promising intervention for evaluation in a subsequent large-scale RCT. Methods: Three hundred and ninety four adults aged 40–74 years were randomised to a Motivational (n = 83), Pedometer (n = 74), or Combined (n = 80) intervention, delivered immediately after a preventative health check in primary care, or control (Health Check only; n = 157). Potential efficacy was measured as the probability of a positive difference between an intervention arm and the control arm in mean physical activity, measured by accelerometry at 4 weeks. Results: For the primary outcome the estimated effect sizes (95 % CI) relative to the Control arm for the Motivational, Pedometer and Combined arms were respectively: +20.3 (−45.0, +85.7), +23.5 (−51.3, +98.3), and −3.1 (−69.3, +63.1) counts per minute. There was a73% probability of a positive effect on physical activity for each of the Motivational and Pedometer VBIs relative to control, but only 46 % for the Combined VBI. Only the Pedometer VBI was deliverable within 5 min. All VBIs were acceptable and low cost. Conclusions: Based on the four criteria, the Pedometer VBI was selected for evaluation in a large-scale trial. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN02863077. Retrospectively registered 05/10/2012.
Type 16 Flood Insurance Study: Tsunami Predictions for Pacific Coastal Communities.

Abstract : Calculations of runup due to seismic sea waves (tsunamis) of distant origin are made for 15 coastal communities within the state of California and 3 coastal communities within the state of Alaska. The values given are interpreted as being equaled or exceeded on the average of once per 100 or once per 500 years, whichever is indicated. The combined effects of astronomical tides and tsunamis are incorporated into the analysis as well as local resonance effects where judged significant. A complete discussion of the methodology is presented. It is essential that these runup predictions be reviewed approximately every five years in the light of advancements in the theory of tsunami generation, propagation, and runup. (Modified author abstract)
Insect Repellents Mediate Species-Speci�c Olfactory Behaviors in Mosquitoes

Background: The species-speci�c mode of action for DEET and many other mosquito repellents is often unclear. Confusion may arise for many reasons. First, the response of a single mosquito species is often used to represent all mosquito species. Second, behavioral studies usually test the effect of repellents on mosquito attraction towards human odorants, rather than their direct repulsive effect on mosquitoes. Third, the mosquito sensory neuron responses towards repellents are often not directly examined. Methods: Here, we used a close proximity response assay to test the direct repulsive effect of six mosquito repellents on Anopheles coluzzii , Aedes aegypti , and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Additionally, we used this behavioral assay and calcium imaging recordings of antennae to test the response of An. coluzzii mosquitoes towards two human odorants (1-octen-3-ol and benzaldehyde) at different concentrations, and mixtures of the repellents lemongrass oil and p-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD) with DEET. Results: We found that An. coluzzii mosquitoes were repelled by lemongrass oil and PMD, while Ae. aegypti and Cx. Quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were repelled by lemongrass oil, PMD, eugenol, and DEET. In addition, we found that high concentrations of 1-octen-3-ol and benzaldehyde were repellent, and activated more olfactory receptor neurons on the An. coluzzii antenna than lower concentrations. Finally, we found that changes in olfactory responses to repellent mixtures re�ected changes in repulsive behaviors. Conclusions: Our �ndings suggest that different species of mosquitoes have different behavioral responses to repellents. We further suggest that high-odor concentrations may recruit repellent-sensing neurons, or generally excite many olfactory neurons, yielding repellent behavioral responses. Finally, we show that DEET can decrease the neuronal and behavioral response of An. coluzzii mosquitoes towards PMD but not towards lemongrass oil. Overall, these studies can help inform mosquito repellent choice by species, guide decisions on effective repellent
Functional and structural connectivity of the motor network in pediatric and adult-onset relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

PURPOSE To elucidate the factors associated with the preservation of function in relapsing-remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS) by investigating effective connectivity changes of the sensorimotor network in pediatric RR MS patients in comparison with adult patients with either clinically isolated syndromes (CIS) suggestive of MS or RR MS and in adult healthy control subjects by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MR) imaging and a dynamic causal model approach and to assess the correlation between effective connectivity changes and structural damage to the corpus callosum and the corticospinal tracts (CSTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted with institutional review board approval. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant. Dual-echo, diffusion-tensor, and functional MR images were acquired from 17 pediatric RR MS patients, 16 adult patients with CIS, 14 adult RR MS patients, and 10 age-matched pediatric healthy control subjects during a simple motor task. Whole-brain, corpus callosum, and CST T2 lesion loads, as well as corpus callosum and CST diffusivity measures were determined. Functional MR imaging data were analyzed by using statistical parametric mapping. RESULTS Coefficients of effective connectivity of the sensorimotor network were similar in control subjects and pediatric MS patients. In adult patients with CIS and even more evidently in those with RR MS, an increase of intra- and interhemispheric strengths of coefficients of effective connectivity was found (P = .05-.008). The increases in such coefficients were correlated with corpus callosum and CST damage, in terms of T2 lesion load and diffusion-tensor MR imaging quantities (r = -0.34 to 0.40). CONCLUSION The preservation of brain adaptive properties might explain the favorable medium-term clinical outcome of pediatric MS patients. The progressive recruitment of cortical networks over time in patients with the adult RR forms of the disease might result in a loss of their plastic reservoir, thus possibly contributing to subsequent disease evolution.
The influence of the discord in building distinctivness on the perception of tehran’s city identity

This research examines the concept of city’s image and identity in the capital city of Iran, Tehran. In this research, identity was defined as the qualities of a place that is recognized or recalled as being distinct by the individuals. Identity is a critical issue in Tehran. The overall image of the city, which includes similar forms, has no identity. The new developments in Tehran have no distinctive character. The first objective of this research was to find out the distinctive city’s elements. The second objective of this research was to discover the qualities associated with those distinctive elements. The third objective of this research was to ascertain the variation between different respondents and their identification of distinctive city’s elements. Finally, the last objective is to find out residents’ evaluation and feelings regarding the city. The research adopted mixed methodology using both the quantitative and qualitative methods in data collection and analysis. The quantitative approach adopted a survey using a questionnaire on a sample of the Tehran's residents. A total of 204 residents from different parts of the city were involved in the sample survey. The qualitative approach used three techniques; interview, free sketch task, and visual survey. A total of thirty professional residents were involved in the interview. The data were collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Statistic Package for the Social Sciences for cross analysis and content analysis for convergence of both quantitative and qualitative data. Eighteen buildings were identified as the imageable buildings of Tehran. The results indicated that the physical features and the appearance of the distinctive buildings were the most important factors in the process of recalling the distinctive buildings. Meanings and activities attached to those buildings were also important. It was found that residents’ age and their period of residency in the city have important effect on the identification of distinctive elements of the city. The study suggests that the buildings in Tehran have been important elements in people’s mental cognition. The study found that the characteristics of distinctive physical elements are influenced by the physical appearance of the buildings more than non-physical attributes. Singularity has the most effect on the imageability. It is hoped that these findings would reveal some knowledge of the elements of identity characteristics and inspire city planners and designers and community leaders to improve the image of the city
Modelling workplace contact networks: the effects of organizational structure, architecture, and reporting errors on epidemic predictions

Face-to-face social contacts are potentially important transmission routes for acute respiratory infections, and understanding the contact network can improve our ability to predict, contain, and control epidemics. Although workplaces are important settings for infectious disease transmission, few studies have collected workplace contact data and estimated workplace contact networks. We use contact diaries, architectural distance measures, and institutional structures to estimate social contact networks within a Swiss research institute. Some contact reports were inconsistent, indicating reporting errors. We adjust for this with a latent variable model, jointly estimating the true (unobserved) network of contacts and duration-specific reporting probabilities. We find that contact probability decreases with distance, and research group membership, role, and shared projects are strongly predictive of contact patterns. Estimated reporting probabilities were low only for 0-5 minute contacts. Adjusting for reporting error changed the estimate of the duration distribution, but did not change the estimates of covariate effects and had little effect on epidemic predictions. Our epidemic simulation study indicates that inclusion of network structure based on architectural and organizational structure data can improve the accuracy of epidemic forecasting models.
Utility of ultrasound assessment of diaphragmatic function before and after pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD patients

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) may improve respiratory symptoms and skeletal muscle strength in patients with COPD. We aimed to evaluate changes in ultrasound (US) measurements of diaphragmatic mobility and thickness after PR in COPD patients and to test its correlation with PR outcomes. Methods: Twenty-five COPD patients were enrolled and underwent a diaphragm US assessment before and after a 12-week PR program. Results: We found a correlation between the intraindividual percentage of change in the diaphragmatic length of zone of apposition at functional residual capacity ( Δ Lzapp%) and the change in 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) after PR (rho = 0.49, P = 0.02). Δ Lzapp% was significantly higher in patients with improved 6MWD and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score (mean rank = 12.03 ± 2.57 vs 6.88 ± 4.37; P = 0.02). A Δ Lzapp% of $ 10% was able to discriminate among patients with improved 6MWD, with a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 74%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for Δ Lzapp% was 0.83. A cutoff value of $ 9% of Δ Lzapp% had a positive predictive value in discriminating a reduction in $ 2 points of CAT score after PR, with a sensitivity and a specificity of 80% and 62%, respectively. Conclusion: Diaphragm US assessment represents a useful prognostic marker of PR outcomes in COPD patients.
Analysis of the characteristics of microorganisms packed in the ice core of Malan Glacier, Tibet, China

Glacier is a special medium which can conserve a long time chronological information of microorganism. As a preliminary research, from Ice Core3 of Malan glacier (91°45.3′ E, 35°48.4′ N; drilled at 5620 m a.s.l.), we successfully isolated live microorganisms. 75 strains of bacteria in 10 genera and 6 strains of actinomycetes in 2 genera were isolated from 23 samples. 32 strains bacteria were identified to beBacillus and 25 strains wereB. circulans, B. firmus, B. subtilis andB. alvei. The genera of bacteria in Malan ice core were similar to that in Greenland and Antarctic ice core. We cannot isolate fungi and alga from Malan ice core, although they are widely distributed in Greenland and Antarctica.
Screening of gestational diabetes mellitus: comparison of glucose challenge test done in non fasting state (DIPSI criteria) and fasting state (WHO criteria): a prospective study

Background: The recent data shows 16.55% prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in India. Hence universal screening has become important and we need a simple procedure which is economical and feasible to perform in the Indian context. The comparison of screening methods for gestational diabetes mellitus by 75 gm oral glucose challenge testing done in fasting state (WHO) and non-fasting (DIPSI) state was done.Methods: Cross sectional prospective study done on 225 antenatal women between 20-24 weeks coming to tertiary level hospital in a single working unit were included. They were subjected to two screening glucose challenge tests for detection of gestational diabetes mellitus. Results of glucose challenge tests using 75 gm of anhydrous glucose done in fasting and non fasting state were compared. Values of standard 100 gm oral glucose tolerance test done were considered gold standard.Results: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was found to be 12.4% by oral glucose tolerance testing. Glucose challenge test with 75 gm done in fasting state was abnormal in 14.7% and abnormal in 15.6% done in non fasting state. The sensitivity of 75 gm GCT done in fasting was 60.7% and the sensitivity of 75 gm GCT done in non fasting state was 67.9%. The specificity of 75 gm GCT done in fasting state was 91.9% and the specificity of 75 gm GCT done in non fasting state was 91.9%. Conclusions: Sensitivity and specificity of the screening tests done by 75 gm GCT done in non fasting state is comparable with screening done in fasting state. Screening done by 75 gm GCT done in non fasting state is convenient and more feasible in Indian setup.
in vitro and in vivo anti-angiogenic activity of girinimbine isolated from Murraya koenigii

: Girinimbine is a carbazole alkaloid isolated from the stem bark and root of Murraya koenigii . Here we report that girinimbine is an inhibitor of angiogenic activity both in vitro and in vivo. MTT results showed that girinimbine inhibited proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, while results from endothelial cell invasion, migration, tube formation, and wound healing assays demonstrated significant time- and dose-dependent inhibition by girinimbine. A proteome profiler array done on girinimbine-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells showed that girinimbine had mediated regulation of pro-angiogenic and antiangiogenic proteins. The anti-angiogenic potential of girinimbine was also evidenced in vivo in the zebrafish embryo model wherein girinimbine inhibited neo vessel formation in zebrafish embryos following 24 hours of exposure. Together, these results showed that girinimbine could effectively suppress angiogenesis, suggestive of its therapeutic potential as a novel angiogenesis inhibitor.
Social Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature suggests CSR initiatives extend beyond meeting the immediate interests of stakeholders of for-profit enterprises, offering the potential to also enhance performance. Growing disillusionment of for-profit business models has drawn attention to social entrepreneurship and social innovation to ease social issues. Adopting a systematic review of relevant research, the article provides collective insights into research linking social innovation with social entrepreneurship, demonstrating growing interest in the area over the last decade. The past 5 years have seen a surge in attention with particular focus on the role of the entrepreneur, networks, systems, institutions, and cross-sectoral partnerships. Based on the findings of the review, the authors synthesize formerly dispersed fields of research into an analytical framework, signposting a “systems of innovation” approach for future studies of social innovation and social entrepreneurship.
Critical review of behaviour change techniques applied in intervention studies to improve cooking skills and food skills among adults

ABSTRACT Background: Cooking and food skills interventions have grown in popularity; however, there is a lack of transparency as to how these interventions were designed, highlighting a need to identify and understand the mechanisms of behavior change so that effective components may be introduced in future work. This study critiques cooking and food skills interventions in relation to their design, behavior change techniques (BCTs), theoretical underpinnings, and outcomes. Methods: A 40-item CALO-RE taxonomy was used to examine the components of 59 cooking and food skills interventions identified by two systematic reviews. Studies were coded by three independent coders. Results: The three most frequently occurring BCTs identified were #1 Provide information on consequences of behavior in general; #21 Provide instruction on how to perform the behavior; and #26 Prompt Practice. Fifty-six interventions reported positive short-term outcomes. Only 14 interventions reported long-term outcomes containing BCTs relating to information provision. Conclusion: This study reviewed cooking and food skills interventions highlighting the most commonly used BCTs, and those associated with long-term positive outcomes for cooking skills and diet. This study indicates the potential for using the BCT CALO-RE taxonomy to inform the design, planning, delivery and evaluation of future interventions.