Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atypical biogroups of Escherichia coli found in clinical specimens and description of Escherichia hermannii sp. nov

DNA relatedness was used to define the biochemical boundaries of Escherichia coli. A large number of biochemically atypical strains were shown to belong to biogroups of E. coli. These included strains negative in reactions for indole, all three decarboxylases, D-mannitol, lactose, or methyl red and strains positive in reactions for H2S, urea, citrate, KCN, adonitol, myo-inositol, or phenylalanine deaminase. Frequency and source data are presented for these atypical E. coli biogroups. One group of KCN-positive, cellobiose-positive, yellow-pigmented strains was 84 to 91% interrelated but only 35 to 45% related to E. coli. The name Escherichia hermannii sp. nov. is proposed for this group of organisms that was formerly called Enteric Group 11 by the Enteric Section, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA. Twenty-nine strains of E. hermannii have been isolated in the United States from a variety of clinical sources, principally wounds, sputum, and stools. Three additional strains were isolated from food. E. hermannii strains are gram-negative, oxidase-negative, fermentative, motile rods. In addition to yellow pigment and positive KCN and cellobiose tests, the biochemical reactions characteristic of 32 strains of E. hermannii were as follows: gas from D-glucose, acid from D-glucose, maltose, D-xylose, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, and D-mannitol; no acid from adonitol or inositol; variable acid production from lactose and sucrose; positive tests for indole, methyl red, and mucate; negative tests for Voges-Proskauer. Simmons citrate, H2S, urea, phenylalanine deaminase, and gelatin hydrolysis; negative or delayed test for L-lysine decarboxylase and negative test for L-arginine dihydrolase; and positive test for ornithine decarboxylase. E. hermannii strains were resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, and carbenicillin and sensitive to other commonly used antibiotics. Wounds account for almost 50% of human isolates of E. hermannii, followed by sputum or lung isolates (ca. 25%) and stool isolates (20%).
Joint Power Control and Link Scheduling in Wireless Networks for Throughput Optimization

This paper concerns the problem of finding the minimum-length TDMA frame of a power-controlled wireless network subject to traffic demands and SINR (signal- to-interference-plus-noise ratio) constraints. We formulate the general joint link scheduling and power control problem as an integer linear programming (ILP) problem. The linear relaxation of the ILP problem has been claimed to be NP-hard in the literature. We present a computationally efficient heuristic algorithm, called the increasing demand greedy scheduling (IDGS) algorithm, to solve the general ILP problem. In addition, we propose using a column generation (CG) method as an augmentation to IDGS to further improve its performance. Simulation results show that integration of IDGS and CG can achieve superior performance in terms of both algorithm run time and solution optimality.
Enrollment Projection Within a Decision-Making Framework

Enrollment projection is becoming an increasingly serious (and uncertain) business for institutions of higher education [5, 11, 14]. In years of rapid enrollment growth, if an institution achieved an enrollment level that was several percentage points above or below its projections, the effects were not severe, as long as there was some growth to support the budget. At the present time, however, when enrollment growth is stabilizing, when resources are not as readily available, and when inflation is accelerating, the effects of unanticipated enrollment shortfalls can be devastating. Everyone knows that it is impossible to predict the future with certainty; however, by examining several methods for studying the future and combining elements of them, we may be able to reduce the uncertainty. Several authors have recently reviewed the literature concerning enrollment projection techniques [5, 11, 14]. Salley [ 11], in particular, has advocated tying enrollment projections to the budgeting process. The techniques we will describe have implicit connections with policy planning and budgeting; in fact, they are embedded within a policymaking framework. In this respect we have evaluated two principal projection techniques for use at Montgomery College, a large multi-campus community college in the Washington, D.C., suburb of Montgomery County, Maryland. We believe that these techniques and the framework within
Identity Economics: How Our Identities Shape Our Work, Wages, and Well-Being , George A. Akerlof and Rachel E. Kranton, Princeton University Press, vi + 185 pp.

freedom, in an Aristotelian sense, in the concept of happiness, but, again, in so doing the concept of happiness would become so broad as to be useless (somewhat as has happened with the concept of formal rationality, according to which all behaviour – even drinking petrol – can be described as rational). The closing sentence of this chapter is also a good synthesis of the book: ‘one does not have to be a Gandhi (or a Martin Luther King, or a Nelson Mandela, or Aung San Suu Kyi) to understand that one’s objectives and priorities could stretch well beyond the narrow limits of one’s own personal well-being’ (p. 290).
Of juries and court-appointed experts: The impact of nonadversarial versus adversarial expert testimony.

The impact of court-appointed (nonadversarial) expert testimony was examined in a jury simulation experiment. A total of 686 registered voters (540 deliberating jurors and 146 nondeliberating alternates) watched a videotaped reenactment of a rape trial in which various aspects of expert testimony were manipulated in a 2(type: rape trauma syndrome vs. polygraph) x 2(mode of presentation: adversarial vs. nonadversarial) x 2(content: one-sided vs. balanced) between-subjects factorial design with an independent no-expert control group. Results indicated that jurors did not accord more weight to nonadversarial expert testimony, nor did nonadversarial expert testimony negatively affect evaluations of trial fairness or judge competence. Deliberating jurors, however, were less responsive to the content of nonadversarial expert testimony than to the content of adversarial expert testimony. Possible mediating mechanisms and implications are discussed.
Many ways to awareness: A developmental perspective on cognitive access

Abstract Block's target article makes a significant contribution toward sorting the neural bases of phenomenal consciousness from the neural systems that underlie cognitive access to it. However, data from developmental science suggest that cognitive access may be only one of several ways to access phenomenology. These data may also have implications for the visual-cognitive phenomena that Block uses to support his case.
Contemporary management of acoustic neuromas

This review of the literature on vestibular schwannomas focuses on the developments in the fields of surgery, radiosurgery, and observation during the past decade that have redefined the treatment algorithm. The authors hope to derive some recommendations that are evidence based and applicable to everyday clinical practice while advancing the dialogue regarding the optimal management of these lesions.
Toward open-ended evolutionary robotics: evolving elementary robotic units able to self-assemble and self-reproduce

In this paper, we discuss the limitations of current evolutionary robotics models and we propose a new framework that might solve some of these problems and lead to an open-ended evolutionary process in hardware. More specifically, the paper describes a novel approach where the usual concepts of population, generations and fitness are made implicit in the system. Individuals co-evolve embedded in their environment. Exploiting the self-assembling capabilities of the (simulated) robots, the genotype of a successful individual can spread in the population. In this way, interesting behaviours emerge spontaneously, resulting in chasing and evading other individuals, collective obstacle avoidance and co-ordinated motion of self-assembled structures.
Lead concentrations of enamel and dentine of deciduous teeth of children from two Finnish towns.

The proton-induced x-ray emission method was used to analyze lead concentrations in enamel and dentine of deciduous teeth of 105 6- and 9-yr-old children living in two Finnish towns. Helsinki, the capital city, was assumed to represent high lead exposure and Kuopio, a country town in the middle of Finland, low or moderate lead exposure. In all but two teeth the enamel contained higher lead concentrations than dentine. The individual enamel-dentine lead concentration ratio was not stable but varied greatly. The median dentine lead concentration for 9-yr-old children in Helsinki and Kuopio was 2.0 ppm and 2.9 ppm, respectively, and for 6-yr-old children was 2.5 ppm and 2.7 ppm, respectively. The enamel lead concentrations found in 9-yr-olds in Helsinki and Kuopio were 4.2 and 4.5 ppm, and in 6-yr-olds were 9.1 and 4.4 ppm, respectively. The results reveal low or moderate lead concentrations. Nevertheless, a twofold and statistically significant (P less than .01) increase was found in the enamel of Helsinki children born in 1974 compared with those born in 1971.
Sex, Sex Roles, and Emotional Expressiveness

Abstract Differences in emotional expressiveness between males and females have generally been attributed to sex-role socialization, but most studies have not included measures of sex-role orientation. We hypothesized that sex role would be a more salient factor than sex and that androgynous and feminine persons would be more expressive than masculine and undifferentiated individuals. Data were gathered from 230 college students using Bem's (1975) Sex-Role Inventory and Balswick's (1975) Expression of Emotion Scale. Both hypotheses were supported.
Stochastic Collision Attack

On the one hand, collision attacks have been introduced in the context of side-channel analysis for attackers who exploit repeated code with the same data without having any knowledge of the leakage model. On the other hand, stochastic attacks have been introduced to recover leakage models of internally processed intermediate secret variables. Both techniques have shown advantages and intrinsic limitations. Most collision attacks, for instance, fail in exploiting all the leakages (e.g., only a subset of matching samples are analyzed), whereas stochastic attacks cannot involve linear regression with the full basis (while the latter basis is the most informative one). In this paper, we present an innovative attacking approach, which combines the flavors of stochastic and collision attacks. Importantly, our attack is derived from the optimal distinguisher, which maximizes the success rate when the model is known. Notably, we develop an original closed-form expression, which shows many benefits by using the full algebraic description of the leakage model. Using simulated data, we show in the unprotected case that, for low noise, the stochastic collision attack is superior to the state of the art, whereas asymptotically and thus, for higher noise, it becomes equivalent to the correlation-enhanced collision attack. Our so-called stochastic collision attack is extended to the scenario where the implementation is protected by masking. In this case, our new stochastic collision attack is more efficient in all scenarios and, remarkably, tends to the optimal distinguisher. We confirm the practicability of the stochastic collision attack thanks to experiments against a public data set (DPA contest v4). Furthermore, we derive the stochastic collision attack in case of zero-offset leakage that occurs in protected hardware implementations and use simulated data for comparison. Eventually, we underline the capability of the new distinguisher to improve its efficiency when the attack multiplicity increases.
In vitro Superoxide Production by Peripheral Neutrophils from Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Activated polymorphonuclear leucocytes, which are accumulated in inflammatory lesions of inflammatory bowel disease, produce tissue destructive, oxygen derived free radicals and other inflammatory mediators. The PMN superoxide production elicited by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine or the complement split product 5a were compared in IBD and healthy volunteers. Significantly reduced superoxide production was found in PMNs from patients with Crohn's disease as compared to normal controls, when fMLP or CSa were used as stimulants (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively), whereas no differences were found when ulcerative colitis patients were compared to normal controls (p > 0.05). The enhanced oxygen derived free radical production previously reported in active IBD, and especially in CD intestinal lesions, may either be due to an accumulation of productive phagocytes or to a change of the inflammatory profile of these cells when migrating into intestinal lesions, possibly due to interaction with other mediators (e.g. adhesion molecules and interleukins).
Generalized privacy amplification

This paper provides a general treatment of privacy amplification by public discussion, a concept introduced by Bennett, Brassard and Robert (1988) for a special scenario. The results have applications to unconditionally-secure secret-key agreement protocols, quantum cryptography and to a non-asymptotic and constructive treatment of the secrecy capacity of wire-tap and broadcast channels, even for a considerably strengthened definition of secrecy capacity. <<ETX>>
Are the Effects of University Teacher Education 'Washed Out' by School Experience?

or college is absolved from any responsibility in the development of the traditional perspectives that eventually emerge, and the major source of socialization influence is the schools (Fuller & Bown, 1975). Given the highly consistent results of numerous longitudinal and cross-sectional studies of education students and teachers at various points in their professional careers, this view seems highly plausible. However, a number of investigators both in the United States and the United Kingdom have recently begun to raise many questions about it. This paper will summarize the evidence related to three different interpretations of the data on college and school impact on the socialization of teachers, and will discuss the implications of these interpretations for practice in teacher education and for research on the processes of occupational socialization.
An anatomical study of porcine peripheral nerve and its potential use in nerve tissue engineering

Current nerve tissue engineering applications are adopting xenogeneic nerve tissue as potential nerve grafts to help aid nerve regeneration. However, there is little literature that describes the exact location, anatomy and physiology of these nerves to highlight their potential as a donor graft. The aim of this study was to identify and characterise the structural and extracellular matrix (ECM) components of porcine peripheral nerves in the hind leg. Methods included the dissection of porcine nerves, localisation, characterisation and quantification of the ECM components and identification of nerve cells. Results showed a noticeable variance between porcine and rat nerve (a commonly studied species) in terms of fascicle number. The study also revealed that when porcine peripheral nerves branch, a decrease in fascicle number and size was evident. Porcine ECM and nerve fascicles were found to be predominately comprised of collagen together with glycosaminoglycans, laminin and fibronectin. Immunolabelling for nerve growth factor receptor p75 also revealed the localisation of Schwann cells around and inside the fascicles. In conclusion, it is shown that porcine peripheral nerves possess a microstructure similar to that found in rat, and is not dissimilar to human. This finding could extend to the suggestion that due to the similarities in anatomy to human nerve, porcine nerves may have utility as a nerve graft providing guidance and support to regenerating axons.
Enfermedad arterial periférica en adultos mayores

The peripheral arterial disease, as well as the coronary and cerebrovascular disease are the result of development of the atherotrombotic disease and therefore constitute an important health problem all over the world, as the main causes of morbi- mortality and discapacity in elderly. Intermittent claudication in the lower limbs is the most common clinical presentation. Many patients are aymptomatic so that this process is often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Diagnostics and treatment, are important since the peripheral artery disease is associated with increased mortality. Determining of the ankle-brachial index is especially useful as allows early diagnosis of peripheral artery disease. Expert guidelines consider antiplatelet agents as the first line drugs, mantaining aspirin as first option. In intolerancy, allergic or resistant cases, clopidogrel is indicated. The present review summarizes the peripheral artery disease physiophatology, sintomatology and clinical classification. Discusion of risk factors remarks its control as a clue measure in prevention strategy. It is also discused the appropiate diagnosis and pharmacological treatment for management. It is concluded that the best way to reduce the peripheral artery disease mortality and morbidity in elderly is based on prevention, risk factors control, healthy life style and suitable therapeutic management INTRODUCCION
Noncommutative differential calculus for a D-brane in a nonconstant B field background with H=0

In this paper we try to construct noncommutative Yang-Mills theory for generic Poisson manifolds. It turns out that the noncommutative differential calculus defined in an old work is exactly what we need. Using this calculus, we generalize results about the Seiberg-Witten map, the Dirac-Born-Infeld action, the matrix model and the open string quantization for constant B field to a nonconstant background with $H=0. $
A Framework for Memory and Communication Architecture Co-synthesis in MPSoCs

Memory and communication architectures have a significant impact on the cost, performance, and timeto-market of complex multi-processor system-on-chip (MPSoC) designs. The memory architecture dictates most of the data traffic flow in a design, which in turn influences the design of the communication architecture. Thus there is a need to co-synthesize the memory and communication architectures to avoid making sub-optimal design decisions. This is in contrast to traditional platform-based design approaches where memory and communication architectures are synthesized separately. In this technical report, we propose an automated application specific co-synthesis framework for memory and communication architectures (COSMECA) in MPSoC designs. The primary objective is to design a communication architecture having the least number of busses, which satisfies performance and memory area constraints, while the secondary objective is to reduce the memory area cost. Results of applying COSMECA to several industrial strength MPSoC applications from the networking domain indicate a saving of as much as 40% in number of busses and 29% in memory area compared to the traditional approach.
The curriculum in and for a democratic society 1

Abstract The purpose of this article is to offer an analysis of the political and social role of the curriculum in a modern democratic society. It seeks to show how the assumptions embedded in inherited curriculum ideologies are impeding the potential of the curriculum in modern democratic societies from becoming a curriculum ‘for democracy’, that is a curriculum which would be constitutive of a more democratic form of social life.
Structure and charging of hydrophobic material/water interfaces studied by phase-sensitive sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy

We have studied the hydrophobic water/octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) interface by using the phase-sensitive sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy (PS-SFVS), and we obtained detailed structural information of the interface at the molecular level. Excess ions emerging at the interface were detected by changes of the surface vibrational spectrum induced by the surface field created by the excess ions. Both hydronium (H3O+) and hydroxide (OH−) ions were found to adsorb at the interface, and so did other negative ions such as Cl−. By varying the ion concentrations in the bulk water, their adsorption isotherms were measured. It was seen that among the three, OH− has the highest adsorption energy, and H3O+ has the lowest; OH− also has the highest saturation coverage, and Cl− has the lowest. The result shows that even the neat water/OTS interface is not neutral, but charged with OH− ions. The result also explains the surprising observation that the isoelectric point appeared at ∼3.0 when HCl was used to decrease the pH starting from neat water.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Indian guidelines and the road ahead

175 One has, however, to recognize that prevalence estimates in COPD are not totally accurate. Several epidemiological studies have addressed the prevalence of COPD in India, the limiting issue in these being the methodology adopted and the definitions employed for diagnosis. Most of the studies have been unvalidated questionnaire based, supplemented on occasion by measurement of peak flows. The reported prevalence estimates have ranged from 2 to 22% in men and from 1.2 to 19% in women. [9] The recent ‘Indian Study of Asthma, Respiratory Symptoms and Chronic Bronchitis’ (INSEARCH) study of 85,105 men and 84,470 women from 12 urban and 11 rural sites reported the prevalence of chronic bronchitis to be 3.49% (4.29% in males and 2.7% in females) in adults > 35 years. [10] The national burden was thus estimated to be 14.84 million. However, since the study was questionnaire based and spirometry poorly correlates with symptoms, this study might have missed asymptomatic individuals with significant spiromteric abnormalities. Recently investigators from Pune conducted a COPD prevalence study using post‐bronchodilator spirometry in addition to the questionnaire and reported a nearly 2‐fold higher prevalence. [11] In another collaborative study with Burden of Lung Disease (BOLD) investigators using BOLD protocol, the prevalence of Stage1 or higher COPD in participants > 40 years of age based in rural Kashmir was found to be 19.3%. (Koul PA. personal communication). Thus preliminary data emerging from the country is suggestive of higher true burden of COPD than is currently believed.
Interdependencies of Degradation Effects and Their Impact on Computing

Editor’s note: Process variations, aging and wearout, are nonidealities that lead to suboptimal system performance and increased power. In order to understand the effects of these degradation effects, until now, researchers have investigated them thoroughly, but separately from each other. What this article shows is that process variations and wearout are not independent from each other and they need to be considered together. The article shows designers how they can sometimes take advantage of these interdependencies to safely reduce design margins, while in other cases, it is possible that the interdependencies conspire to amplify the effect of the degradation effects in catastrophic ways. —Mircea Stan, University of Virginia