Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pathways into parenthood: reflections from three generations of teenage mothers and fathers

Aims, scope and design This study was designed to explore the views and experiences of men and women who became parents while under the age of twenty. We spoke to people in three generations: young parents currently aged under twenty, and those in their parents’ and grandparents’ generations who had also had children as teenagers. We set out to take a biographical perspective, inviting participants to reflect on the transitions that they made to parenthood, and on their experiences since then, including access to formal and informal support systems. The study was also intended to pilot a number of different research methods, with a view to considering their potential for facilitating participant involvement and gathering rich and indepth data. For this reason, the number of people involved was deliberately limited to a small sample. Our planned methods included biographical-narrative interviews, group discussion, photo-elicitation, and peer interviewing. In all, 14 men and 14 women took part in the study.
Weakly supervised graph-based methods for classification

We compare two weakly supervised graph-based classification algorithms: spectral partitioning and tripartite updating. We provide results from empirical tests on the problem of number classification. Our results indicate (a) that both methods require minimal labeled data, (b) that both methods scale well with the number of unlabeled examples, and (c) that tripartite updating outperforms spectral partitioning.
Role of Sam68 in Post-Transcriptional Gene Regulation

The STAR family of proteins links signaling pathways to various aspects of post-transcriptional regulation and processing of RNAs. Sam68 belongs to this class of heteronuclear ribonucleoprotein particle K (hnRNP K) homology (KH) single domain-containing family of RNA-binding proteins that also contains some domains predicted to bind critical components in signal transduction pathways. In response to phosphorylation and other post-transcriptional modifications, Sam68 has been shown to have the ability to link signal transduction pathways to downstream effects regulating RNA metabolism, including transcription, alternative splicing or RNA transport. In addition to its function as a docking protein in some signaling pathways, this prototypic STAR protein has been identified to have a nuclear localization and to take part in the formation of both nuclear and cytosolic multi-molecular complexes such as Sam68 nuclear bodies and stress granules. Coupling with other proteins and RNA targets, Sam68 may play a role in the regulation of differential expression and mRNA processing and translation according to internal and external signals, thus mediating important physiological functions, such as cell death, proliferation or cell differentiation.
Effective Professional Development for Physical Education Teachers: The Role of Informal, Collaborative Learning

This paper reports data from the third phase of a 2-year investigation into continuing professional development (CPD) for physical education teachers in England. The purpose of this phase was to examine the ways in which 10 case study teachers engaged in professional learning over the course of 1 academic year. Data were collected from a series of individual interviews with the teachers, learning diaries, field notes, and a final focus group interview. The findings suggest that these teachers identified CPD as “going on a course,” but, in reality, they learned in a variety of ways. The most striking finding was the high value they placed on learning informally (yet strategically) with and from each other. We argue, therefore, that the traditional relationship between teachers and CPD provision needs to be altered such that teachers in their professional learning communities or networks play a leading role.
Mechanical Optimization Design of Intelligent Bionic Leg

Intelligent bionic leg (IBL) controlled by magneto- rheological (MR) damper is an advanced prosthesis. The conception and research purpose of IBL are expatiated. The bionic design of IBL is introduced and kinematics equation is given. Then optimization principle, objective function and constraint are discussed. Optimization design using processed data of human normal gait is done. The result indicates that IBL can simulate normal person's gait well.
A sparse Bayesian learning for highly accelerated dynamic MRI

In dynamic MRI, spatio-temporal resolution is a very important issue. Recently, compressed sensing approach has become a highly attracted imaging technique since it enables accelerated acquistion without aliasing artifacts. Our group has proposed an l1-norm based compressed sensing dynamic MRI called k-t FOCUSS, which outperforms existing methods. However, it is known that the restrictive conditions for l1 exact reconstruction usually cost more measurements than l0 minimization. In this paper, we adopts a sparse Bayesian learning approach to improve k-t FOCUSS and achieve l0 solution. We demonstrated the improved image quality using in vivo cardiac cine imaging.
Error-resilient perceptual coding for networked haptic interaction

The performance of haptic interaction across communication networks critically depends on the successful reconstruction of the bidirectionally transmitted haptic signals, and hence on the quality of the communication channel. We propose a novel error-resilient data reduction scheme for haptic communication which exploits known limits of human haptic perception. Particularly, we show that missing haptic information due to packet loss may strongly impair the user's experience during haptic interaction. We present and compare methods that eliminate the disturbing artifacts resulting out of packet loss. Our approach keeps the estimated impact of packet losses below human perception thresholds. A tree of possible cases (packets received or not received) and their respective occurrence probabilities is maintained at the sender side, and the system predicts unacceptable error cases to decide whether extra packets should be sent. We introduce different criteria that can be employed to trigger additional packets. In our experiments, we evaluate both the objective data reduction performance and the subjective system transparency by performing extensive tests using packet loss probability and round trip time as parameters. The proposed scheme shows excellent performances in terms of data reduction while sustaining good subjective ratings for a wide range of packet loss values and round trip times.
Expansion of SRAM operation margin by adaptive voltage supply

This paper describes the expansion of the operation margin of the SRAM by optimizing the supply voltage condition. To find the optimum voltage, the whole SRAM circuit is designed, which includes the worst case memory cells for the read and the write operations considering the local Vth fluctuation. By the SPICE simulation using 45-nm parameters, successful operation is obtained for wide Vth range by controlling voltages of the word line, the power line and the GND line of memory cells. As a result, the stable operation was confirmed for the wide Vth range of 0.25V-0.65V. By using these results, we can rescue a lot of LSIs which fail under the normal voltage condition.
1 CASE INTEGRATION APPROACHES AND A PROPOSAL FOR AN OBJECT ORIENTED CASE ENVIRONMENT

Software systems are becoming increasingly complex, thereby requiring a better support for their development process. This process is long, highly dynamic in its requirements, and expects quality features such as extensibility, reusability, efficiency, etc. The need of counting on integrated environments to support this process. This paper presents a review of the historic development of the CASE tools architectures and the characterization of the integration of this type of environments. Finally, the object-oriented CASE environments are qualified on the bases of a conceptual model.
Panorama of Reconstruction of Skull Base Defects: From Traditional Open to Endonasal Endoscopic Approaches, from Free Grafts to Microvascular Flaps

Abstract Introduction A substantial body of literature has been devoted to the distinct characteristics and surgical options to repair the skull base. However, the skull base is an anatomically challenging location that requires a three-dimensional reconstruction approach. Furthermore, advances in endoscopic skull base surgery encompass a wide range of surgical pathology, from benign tumors to sinonasal cancer. This has resulted in the creation of wide defects that yield a new challenge in skull base reconstruction. Progress in technology and imaging has made this approach an internationally accepted method to repair these defects. Objectives Discuss historical developments and flaps available for skull base reconstruction. Data Synthesis Free grafts in skull base reconstruction are a viable option in small defects and low-flow leaks. Vascularized flaps pose a distinct advantage in large defects and high-flow leaks. When open techniques are used, free flap reconstruction techniques are often necessary to repair large entry wound defects. Conclusions Reconstruction of skull base defects requires a thorough knowledge of surgical anatomy, disease, and patient risk factors associated with high-flow cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Various reconstruction techniques are available, from free tissue grafting to vascularized flaps. Possible complications that can befall after these procedures need to be considered. Although endonasal techniques are being used with increasing frequency, open techniques are still necessary in selected cases.
Insights from the study of heart rate variability.

Indices of heart rate variability (HRV) provide a window onto autonomic modulation of the heart. HRV indices, determined in either the time or frequency domain, are closely related and reflect parasympathetic, mixed sympathetic, and parasympathetic and circadian rhythms. In population studies, decreased HRV has had predictive value for mortality among healthy adults. It is a well-established risk factor for arrhythmic events and mortality among post-myocardial-infarction patients but has only moderate sensitivity and specificity. Decreased HRV has had mixed predictive success in congestive heart failure. Reduced HRV identifies diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy. HRV in combination with other risk stratifiers, e.g. ejection fraction, can identify cardiac patients at especially high risk of mortality. Many but not all interventions associated with increased HRV are also associated with better survival rates.
Daily transactional and transformational leadership and daily employee engagement

This diary study adds to the leadership literature by examining the daily influence of transformational leadership, contingent reward, and active management-by-exception (MBE active) on followers' daily work engagement. We compare the unique contribution of these leadership behaviours and focus on the work environment to examine how these leadership behaviours influence followers' daily work engagement. While travelling by sail ship, 61 naval cadets filled out a diary questionnaire for 34 days. Multilevel regression analyses revealed that, after controlling for followers' work engagement the previous day, cadets were more engaged on days that their leader showed more transformational leadership and provided contingent reward. MBE active was unrelated to followers' work engagement. As predicted, transformational leadership and contingent reward contributed to a more favourable work environment (more autonomy and support), while MBE active resulted in a less favourable work environment (less autonomy) for the cadets. This study highlights the importance of daily leadership for followers' daily work engagement.
Example-Dependent Cost-Sensitive Logistic Regression for Credit Scoring

Several real-world classification problems are example-dependent cost-sensitive in nature, where the costs due to misclassification vary between examples. Credit scoring is a typical example of cost-sensitive classification. However, it is usually treated using methods that do not take into account the real financial costs associated with the lending business. In this paper, we propose a new example-dependent cost matrix for credit scoring. Furthermore, we propose an algorithm that introduces the example-dependent costs into a logistic regression. Using two publicly available datasets, we compare our proposed method against state-of-the-art example-dependent cost-sensitive algorithms. The results highlight the importance of using real financial costs. Moreover, by using the proposed cost-sensitive logistic regression, significant improvements are made in the sense of higher savings.
Hospital-acquired renal insufficiency.

Despite myriad improvements in the care of hospitalized patients, a decline in renal function remains a common event. Renal function in 4,622 consecutive patients admitted to the medical and surgical services of an urban tertiary care hospital was followed up prospectively from the time of admission. Some degree of renal insufficiency developed in 7.2% of patients. Decreased renal perfusion, medications, surgery, and radiographic contrast media were the most common causes of hospital-acquired renal insufficiency (HARI). The overall mortality rate was 19.4% and was similar among patients for all causes of renal insufficiency, except sepsis. For patients with a greater than 3.0-mg/dL increase in serum creatinine level, the mortality rate was 37.8%. As shown by previous investigators, age and preexisting renal insufficiency were risk factors for HARI. Women and blacks had less hospital-acquired renal failure. The increasing acuity of hospital admissions has been accompanied by a greater incidence of acute renal insufficiency in patients admitted to hospitals. There is a trend toward better survival in patients with a severe deterioration in renal function.
An Enhanced Form of Dynamic Untyped Object-Based Inheritance

We present an enhanced form of untyped object-based inheritance for classless languages, as implemented in our Delta language, comparing to the prevalent practices of delegation and embedding. Through a case scenario we reveal a design flaw of delegation that damages polymorphism and extensibility. Then, we show why embedding is impractical for object-based uninheritance (undoing inheritance on individual objects) and non-monotonic object evolution (dynamically adding or removing object members). We introduce dynamic object trees, adopting the metaphoric notions of inheritance from class-based languages, without compromising the compositional flexibility of untyped inheritance. We implement inherit and uninherit as library functions, discussing how our member lookup algorithm preserves monotonicity. Finally, we show that if prototypes are prototypical objects they may break their own invariant. To this end, we propose class objects as a more precise metaphor, implementing in the Delta language a function for dynamic mixin composition of class objects.
Future of regional anaesthesia

The development and refinement of regional anaesthetic techniques for various types of surgery, mainly obstetric, ophthalmic and orthopaedic surgery, and of continuous regional analgesia continues. Suitable analgesic drug mixtures, and concentrations, will be further tested in order to find the ideal analgesic regimen for each type of surgery and for the individual patient. No new local anaesthetics or equipment for clinical use are expected in the near future. Improvement therefore depends much on how the anaesthesiologists use the present drugs, needles, nerve detection devices, catheters and pumps. During training in regional anaesthesia for the speciality of anaesthesiology and intensive care medicine, it may suffice to concentrate only on certain common techniques such as epidural block, spinal block, axillary brachial plexus block, intravenous regional anaesthesia and femoral nerve block. Rare regional anaesthetic blocks and invasive techniques should be mastered and taught by specially trained regional anaesthesiology experts. In chronic pain, regional anaesthetic blocks with local anesthetics are not expected to play any major therapeutic role. However, nerve blocks can be useful for diagnostic purposes and in order to facilitate rehabilitation in chronic pain syndromes.
Telomere length predicts survival independent of genetic influences

Telomeres prevent the loss of coding genetic material during chromosomal replication. Previous research suggests that shorter telomere length may be associated with lower survival. Because genetic factors are important for individual differences in both telomere length and mortality, this association could reflect genetic or environmental pleiotropy rather than a direct biological effect of telomeres. We demonstrate through within‐pair analyses of Swedish twins that telomere length at advanced age is a biomarker that predicts survival beyond the impact of early familial environment and genetic factors in common with telomere length and mortality. Twins with the shortest telomeres had a three times greater risk of death during the follow‐up period than their co‐twins with the longest telomere measurements [hazard ratio (RR) = 2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.1–7.3, P = 0.03].
Antisense Knockdown of Glutamate Transporters Alters the Subfield Selectivity of Kainate‐Induced Cell Death in Rat Hippocampal Slice Cultures

Organotypic rat hippocampal slice cultures were used to study the role of excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) in kainate-induced cell death. Expression of the neuronal (EAAT3) or glial (EAAT2) transporters was inhibited with antisense phosphothioate oligonucleotides, and cytotoxicity was assessed with propidium iodide uptake. In control cultures, a concentration of 10 microM kainate was more cytotoxic in CA3 than in CA1. Treatment for 24 h with EAAT3 antisense oligonucleotide decreased kainate toxicity in CA1 but had an opposite effect in CA3. Neither antisense oligonucleotide to EAAT2 nor mismatch oligonucleotide to EAAT3 decreased kainate toxicity in CA1. Immunoblotting with affinity-purified antibodies showed that EAAT3 antisense oligonucleotide decreased selectively EAAT3 but not EAAT2 protein levels, and vice versa. NMDA was more cytotoxic in CA1 than in CA3, and antisense oligonucleotides to either EAAT3 or EAAT2 did not decrease the NMDA effect in CA1 or CA3. Dihydrokainate and DL-threo-beta-hydroxyaspartic acid were more cytotoxic in CA1 than in CA3, suggesting that the higher vulnerability of CA3 to kainate was not the result of its activity as transporter blocker. We conclude that glutamate transporters differentially regulate excitotoxicity in different hippocampal subfields.
Mothers' beliefs about emotions, mother-child emotion discourse, and children's emotion understanding in Latino families

The purpose of this study was to better understand associations between acculturation, parental beliefs, mother-child emotion talk, and emotion understanding in Latino preschool-aged children. Research on Latino families may prove to be important given the little research that has focused on emotion understanding strictly in Latino cultures. Forty Latino mother-child dyads were observed throughout a series of naturalistic observations. Mothers self-reported their acculturation and their beliefs about the value and danger of children’s emotions, children’s emotional development processes, and their role in guiding their children’s emotions. Mother-child emotion talk and framing was measured during a 15 minute story-telling task using a Lego house and through a wordless picture book. Children’s emotion understanding was measured using two standard tasks. Results showed that mothers’ acculturation was related to their beliefs about the danger of emotions, their role in guiding their child’s emotions, and their child’s readiness to learn about emotions. Mothers’ acculturation was also related to children’s emotion understanding. Mothers’ beliefs about guiding children’s emotions were related to mothers’ labeling of emotions and to children’s emotion understanding. This study confirms and expands several previous findings relating to emotion socialization of children. Overall, results highlight the importance of acculturation for parents’ beliefs about emotions and children’s emotion understanding.
A New Approach to Preserving Data Confidentiality in the Cloud

Cloud computing is a recent trend of technology that aims to provide unlimited, on-demand, elastic computing and data storage resources. In this context, cloud services decrease the need for local data storage and the infrastructure costs. However, hosting confidential data at a cloud storage service requires the transfer of control of the data to a semi-trusted external provider. Therefore, data confidentiality is the top concern from the cloud issues list. Recently, three main approaches have been introduced to ensure data confidentiality in cloud services: data encryption; combination of encryption and fragmentation; and fragmentation. Besides, other strategies use a mix of these three main approaches. In this paper, we present i-OBJECT, a new approach to preserve data confidentiality in cloud environments. The proposed mechanism uses information decomposition to split data into unrecognizable parts and store them in different cloud service providers. Experimental results show the potential efficiency of i-OBJECT.
Efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy combined with two pharmacotherapies in the treatment of agoraphobia

Currently, some psychopharmacological treatments, cognitive- behavioral therapies (CBT), and a combination of both are considered effective treatments for agoraphobia. Among psychological treatments, new therapeutic alternatives such as virtual reality exposure treatment (VRET) have been developed. The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the efcacy of VRET combined with two antidepressant drugs (venlafaxine and paroxetine) in a sample of agoraphobia patients (N = 64), using a virtual system consisting of seven scenarios. Five types of treatment were compared: four combined treatment groups and one psychopharmacological treatment. Measures were taken at pre-treatment, post- treatment, and six-month follow-up; agoraphobia and anxiety measures were used as dependent variables. Results showed that all groups were statistically effective, both at post-treatment and six-month follow-up. However, based on clinical efcacy, results showed that combined treatment groups including VRET appeared to be better than traditional techniques at decreasing agoraphobia and anxiety measures and keeping them lower over time.
A Sublinear-Time Parallel Algorithm for Integer Modular Exponentiation

The modular exponentiation problem is, given integers x; a; m with m > 0, compute x a mod m. Let n denote the sum of the lengths of x, a, and m in binary. We present a parallel algorithm for this problem that takes O(n= log log n) time on the common CRCW PRAM using O(n 2+) processors. This algorithm is based on Bernstein's Explicit Chinese Remainder Theorem combined with a fast method for parallel preex summation. We also present a linear time algorithm for the EREW PRAM.
Annotating Discourse Anaphora

In this paper, we present preliminary work on corpus-based anaphora resolution of discourse deixis in German. Our annotation guidelines provide linguistic tests for locating the antecedent, and for determining the semantic types of both the antecedent and the anaphor. The corpus consists of selected speaker turns from the Europarl corpus.