Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation Alters Corticospinal Output in Patients with Chronic Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury

Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) is intended primarily to alter corticospinal excitability, creating an attractive opportunity to alter neural output following incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). This study is the first to assess the effects of iTBS in SCI. Eight individuals with chronic incomplete SCI were studied. Sham or real iTBS was delivered (to each participant) over primary motor and somatosensory cortices in separate sessions. Motor-evoked potential (MEP) recruitment curves were obtained from the flexor carpi radialis muscle before and after iTBS. Results indicate similar responses for iTBS to both motor and somatosensory cortex and reduced MEPs in 56.25% and increased MEPs in 25% of instances. Sham stimulation exceeded real iTBS effects in the remaining 18.25%. It is our opinion that observing short-term neuroplasticity in corticospinal output in chronic SCI is an important advance and should be tested in future studies as an opportunity to improve function in this population. We emphasize the need to re-consider the importance of the direction of MEP change following a single session of iTBS since the relationship between MEP direction and motor function is unknown and multiple sessions of iTBS may yield very different directional results. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of including sham control in the experimental design. The fundamental point from this pilot research is that a single session of iTBS is often capable of creating short-term change in SCI. Future sham-controlled randomized trials may consider repeat iTBS sessions to promote long-term changes in corticospinal excitability.
Effect of dietary levels of decorticated cow pea (Vigna unguiculata) supplemented with molasses on broiler chicks performance and carcass traits.

Manny legumes are used extensively as animal feed. This study was conducted to look at the effects of decorticated cow pea seeds based diets supplemented with molasses on broiler performance and carcass traits. A total of 240 unsexed one-day old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used . The birds were randomly divided into six equal groups (treatments) and each group consisted of 8 (replicates). Six experimental diets (starter and finisher) were formulated to be approximately isocaloric and isonitrogenous. The cow pea was included at three levels (0, 10 and 20%) with two levels of molasses at (0, 3%). Decorticated cowpea and raw cowpea contain 25.86 vs. 24.78% crude protein, 1.41 vs. 0.91% ether extract, 3.36 vs. 3.33% ash and 2.64 vs. 3.46% crude fiber on dry matter basis. Methionine content was high in decorticated cowpea (0.40%) compared with raw cowpea (0.35%), the vice versa hold true for lysine, 1.74 in raw seeds vs. 1.62% in decorticated seeds. Decorticated cowpea seed at 10 or 20% without molasses significantly (p<0.05) improved final body weight (1999.50-2051.32 g vs. 1986.32 in the control group). Whereas, the molasses addition at 3% significantly decreased final body weight (1838.42-1900.79 g vs. 1986.32 in the control group) and total feed intake (3150.75- 3300.75 vs. 3318.00 +/- 26.45 g in the control group). The inclusion of 20% cowpea with 3% molasses significantly improved feed conversion ratio in 20 cow pea with 3% molasses It is concluded that cow pea seeds is a good source of protein that can be used in broiler feeds safely to give satisfactory results.
Location Dynamics and Knowledge Agglomeration

A simple economic activity location rule is considered. Under this rule, one regards that location decisions depend on the presence or the absence of agglomeration economies. Considering a three-location economy, the system that is built leads, under certain conditions, to a saddle-path equilibrium, relatively to which we verify that the most interesting dynamics are associated not with the eventual convergence to the steady state (the saddle-path), that occurs only under exceptional circumstances, but with the divergence process away from the steady state. To explain the dynamics of the agglomeration economies, a knowledge variable is assumed. Returning to a two location economy one is able to assess in graphical terms the relation between distribution of knowledge and location of economic activities.
Assessing the Steps to War

This analysis outlines and tests the steps-to-war explanation of international conflict. At the core of this explanation is the expectation that territorial disputes are a key source of war and that as states that have these disputes make politically relevant alliances, have recurring disputes and build up their military forces against each other, they will experience ever-increasing probabilities of war. The absence of these risk factors is expected to lessen the chances of severe conflict. Utilizing the Militarized Interstate Dispute data of the Correlates of War project, the data analyses provide full support for the steps-to-war explanation during the 1816–1945 era and partial support for the Cold War nuclear 1946–92 span. Among the findings for this latter period is the presence of a curvilinear relationship between the number of prior disputes and the probability of war – after a large number of disputes, states begin to ritualize their behaviour at levels short of war.
Publication of guidelines for the prevention and treatment of B virus infections in exposed persons.

Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (B virus), enzootic among monkeys of the genus Macaca, causes minimal morbidity in its natural host. In contrast, human B-virus infection presents as rapidly ascending encephalomyelitis with a fatality rate of approximately 70%. This infection remains an uncommon result of macaque-related injuries, although the increase in the use of macaques for research on simian retrovirus infection and hepatitis has expanded the number of opportunities for human exposure. In response to this situation, Emory University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention jointly sponsored a B Virus Working Group to formulate a rational approach to the detection and management of human B-virus infection. The resulting guidelines are presented herein and are based upon information from published cases, unpublished cases managed by working-group members, knowledge of the behavior of herpes simplex virus, and--in the absence of hard data--the collective judgment of the group. Although consensus among the co-authors existed on the major points covered by these guidelines, opinions varied widely regarding specific recommendations.
Financial Analysis of “Corporation Bank” with Special Reference to Coimbatore, Tamilnadu

Financial analysis of an organization provides the clear view of its performance parameters, present as well as past performance. This analysis is important for the management and also for outsiders dealing with organization as this shows the way of functioning and the direction in which an organization is moving. It is helpful in assessing the corporate excellence, judging the credit worthiness, processing bond rating and assessing market risk. The main study is to find out the financial performance of the bank. The ratio analysis and interpretation can provide valuable insights into a bank’s performance. Keywords: 1. Financial Management: “Financial management is concerned with the efficient use of an important economic resource, namely, capital funds. 2. Financial Analysis: Financial analysis refers to an assessment of the viability, stability and profitability of a business sub-business or project. 3. Trend Analysis: Trend Analysis is the practice of collecting information and attempting to spot a pattern, or trend, in the information.
Maxwell equations, coupled mode theory and coupling coefficient

Three different equations to obtain coupling coefficient between 2 resonators are derived based on the coupled mode theory. Since the present method starts from Maxwell equations, it can discriminate the magnetic and electric couplings by overlap integral expressions between magnetic and electric fields of coupled 2 resonators, respectively. In addition, it gives a physically acceptable expression by energy exchange in the time domain. Though similar expressions were given by one of the present authors a few years ago, more detailed derivation, expanded application range for asymmetric cases, and examples for wider applications are described this time.
Factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A mutations in young adults with cryptogenic ischemic stroke

Summary The association between factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin G20210A (PT 20210) mutations and ischemic stroke remains controversial, particularly in young adults with cryptogenic stroke. Prevalence of FVL (4.1%) and PT 20210 (8.2%) mutations was assessed in 49 patients under 50 years with cryptogenic stroke and compared with controls. Odd ratio (OR) for cryptogenic stroke was 2.62 (95% CI, 0.49-13.95) for FVL and 3.75 (95% CI, 1.05-13.34) for PT 20210 and 3.28 (95% CI, 1,17-9.20) for some recognized genetic thrombophilic defect. Moreover, the OR for cryptogenic stroke in young women using oral contraceptives (OC) was 3.59 (95% CI, 1.28-10.5). When some genetic thrombophilic defect was associated with OC, the OR was much higher (OR: 14.27; 95% CI, 0.66-309.99). Our results suggest that in the Mediterranean populations the PT 20210 mutation, but not FV Leiden, is a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke in young adults. OC use is also a significant risk factor for cryptogenic stroke, which is increased in women with some genetic thrombotic risk factor.
Limits of brain tolerance to daily increments in serum sodium in chronically hyponatraemic rats treated with hypertonic saline or urea: advantages of urea.

1. At present there is no consensus about the optimal management of hyponatraemia to prevent demyelinating brain lesions. We have evaluated in a large series of rats (n = 136) the protective role of urea for the brain in the treatment of severe chronic hyponatraemia. Urea (group I, n = 51) was compared with hypertonic saline in boluses (group II, n = 46) and with hypertonic saline in divided doses (group III, n = 39). Treatment was administered intraperitoneally over 48 h. The severity of brain lesions was assessed by histological scoring. 2. For 95% of the injured animals treated with hypertonic saline, brain lesions appeared for an absolute increment in serum Na+ concentration (delta SNa+) of 20 mmol day-1 l-1. Above this limit neurological injuries gradually worsened, and beyond a transition zone (delta SNa+ greater than or equal to 20 less than or equal to 23 mmol day-1 l-1) 89% (group III) to 100% (group II) of the animals were injured. This limit can be reached rapidly, as attested by the comparable severity of brain lesions observed in group II (mean delta SNa+ 1 h after a bolus injection, 19 mmol/l) and in group III (mean delta SNa+ 1 h after an injection, 2 mmol/l), both groups achieving similar daily delta SNa+. 3. A correction above the threshold of 20 mmol day-1 l-1 is as toxic during the first 24 h as during the second day of the treatment. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The sunset for the traditional Political Parties in Venezuela

El articulo busca mostrar los cambios y el contexto del sistema politico venezolano que llevo al crepusculo de los partidos politicos tradicionales. Parte de una vision historica identificando como en la evolucion de estas instituciones politicas se crearon las condiciones para la erosion de los partidos como ejes de la vida politica venezolana. Se analiza el deterioro de la formula AD-COPEI y se esboza la aparicion de los movimientos personalistas, el fenomeno “chavista” como una de las consecuencias del declive de las formas organizadas de representacion
Honesty and trust in economic relationships

Trust is not a homogeneous phenomenon. In economic relationships different trust structures are at work, including distrust, negative trust and lack of trust. Perceived honesty and competence co‐determine the trust structures economic agents have in their interactions with others. Trust structures influence the way agents engage in economic relationships. Honesty and competence should be developed to improve trust in economic relationships. Ethics is not a luxury of advanced economies, it is an indispensable means to foster economic development.
Regulation by Negotiation: the Private Benefit Bias

Abstract This paper analyses the role of the managers' non-pecuniary private benefits in an incomplete contract approach to the regulation of utilities. Private benefits may take various forms: excessive job security, perks, overstaffing, feeling of power. The model describes the relationship between a government and the manager of a firm which produces a pure public good, under private or public ownership. The firm's production is characterized by its quantity and its flexibility, the latter corresponding to adaptability to changes in consumers' tastes or to new technologies. A larger output quantity entails larger private benefits to the manager, while increasing flexibility runs counter to the managers' private benefits. The manager decides upon non-verifiable investment in human and non-human capital so as to facilitate an increase in the output quantity (capacity investment) or to improve the firm's flexibility (investment in organizational adaptability). We compare the effects of the ownership regime on the manager's incentives to invest and on the aggregate welfare. The private firm under-invests in capacity and organizational flexibility. This is because the government holds up a part of the gains through ex post renegotiation of the initial (incomplete) contract. Our analysis also highlights a fundamental bias in the investment behavior of the state-owned firm: the manager of the public firm only invests in capacity (he may even invest more than under private ownership) but he never invests in organizational adaptability. The model shows that an increase in the government's bargaining power exacerbates the hold up problem when the firm is privately owned, but that this result may be reversed for capacity investment under public ownership. Finally, we show that the superiority of private or public ownership depends simultaneously on three factors: the respective bargaining power of the manager and of the government, the degree of specificity of investments and the relative weight of quantity and flexibility concerns in the social welfare.
Hospitality operators' understanding of service: a qualitative approach

Purpose – The purpose of this research was to begin to answer the question “Can a person as an employee, an individual or a leader be pre‐disposed to deliver service? ”. Design/methodology/approach – To answer this question the research began exploring service from the provider's perspective to better understand how it is understood and how the need to serve is developed. This study used an interpretive phenomenological approach and collected data through semi‐structured interviews. Purposeful sampling produced hospitality management operators as participants. The focus of the interviews was their understanding of service, and how one develops a need to serve others. An editing style of data analysis was conducted.Findings – Findings included an understanding of how hospitality operators view service, including necessary external and internal attributes. Additionally, a basic understanding of how the need to serve develops in service providers was garnered from the data collected.Practical implications – Sp.
Effect of Property Rights on the Relationship between Legal Traditions and Corporate Governance: Evidence from the MENA Region

Do legal traditions really matter for corporate governance? How do property rights affect the relationship between legal traditions and corporate governance? Using a large dataset from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region during the period between 2005 and 2009, we document that differences in legal traditions translate into differences in corporate governance mechanisms. Our results show that the common law countries have better governance mechanisms relative to the civil law countries. We show lower ownership concentration, higher likelihood of appointing one of the big-four auditors, and more transparency for firms in the common law countries relative to firms in the civil law countries in the MENA region. Interestingly, our results show that above relationships hold only in weak property rights regimes. As property rights become strong, the difference between corporate governance mechanisms across the common and the civil law countries disappear.
Contact Lens‐Related Microbial Keratitis: Part I Epidemiology

Purpose To put into perspective the individual risk and the societal burden of contact lens microbial keratitis. Methods. I reviewed the available epidemiologic data on contact lens microbial keratitis with emphasis on distinguishing microbial from nonmicrobial keratitis, determining the incidence of the disease, the relative risk with different styles of contact lenses, and the risk factors. Results. Contact lens wear can be classified in multiple different ways (indications for wear, contact lens material, wearing schedule, and replacement schedule). Adverse effects of contact lens wear on the cornea have been documented by several studies. Distinction between aseptic and septic focal infiltrates is discussed. The incidence rates for bacterial microbial keratitis range from approximately two/10,000 per year for rigid contact lens, 2.2–4.1/10,000 per year for daily-wear soft contact lens, to 13.3–20.9/10,000 per year for extended-wear soft contact lenses. The risk with therapeutic contact lenses is much higher: ∼52/10,000 per year. Comparative studies suggest that the relative risk of microbial keratitis is ∼1 for rigid gas-permeable lenses (RGPs; the referent), 0.5–2.74 for polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), 1.0–4.2 for daily-wear soft contact lenses, 2.7–36.8 for extended-wear soft contact lenses, and 13.0–13.3 for disposable soft contact lens wear. The most significant risk factors include overnight wear, smoking, male sex, and socioeconomic status. Conclusions There is a significant health concern for the 26 million wearers of contact lenses with some potentially modifiable risk factors. Identification of the risk factors and further studies of the pathogenesis allow contact lens manufacturers to direct research efforts and practitioners to provide better information and informed consent to patients.
CD56+ NK lymphomas:clinicopathological features and prognosis

The surface molecule CD56 marks a category of malignant lymphoma of putative natural killer (NK) cell origin. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 24 cases of CD56+ NK lymphoma/leukaemia to define the clinicopathologic and prognostic features of this specific group of lymphomas. 56 cases of nasal lymphomas and 204 cases with an initial diagnosis of peripheral T‐cell lymphoma were retrospectively analysed. To specifically examine lymphomas of putative NK origin, only those that were negative for surface expression of CD3 but positive for CD56 were analysed. 24 cases were identified. The initial predominant sites of involvement were nasal (n =18), palate (n = 1), nodal (n = 1) and multi‐organ (n =4). Clinically, in patients with disease localized to one anatomical site (n = 20), most had symptoms confined to the nose, with a high percentage in early stage (I: 91%; IV: 9%). The marrow was not involved in any of these cases. However, patients with multi‐organ involvement at presentation (n = 4) behaved differently. All presented acutely with pancytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and marrow infiltration with haemophagocytosis. A leukaemic phase was observed in one case. Anthracycline containing combination chemotherapy resulted in complete remission in 75% of patients with localized disease, but only in 25% with multi‐organ involvement. The median survival of patients with localized disease was 12 months, compared with 2 months in the multi‐organ group (P =0.06); the disease‐free survival was significantly better in the former (P <0.01). The overall median survival of all patients was still poor at 11 months.
ANALYSIS OF MHD TRANSIENT FREE CONVECTION FLOW OF A NEWTONIAN FLUID PAST AN INFINITE VERTICAL POROUS PLATE

An investigation is carried out to analyze the unsteady MHD free convection, heat and mass transfer flow of a Newtonian fluid past an infinite vertical porous plate with homogeneous chemical reaction and heat absorption/generation. A uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the plate. The non-dimensional governing equations are solved numerically by using finite difference method. The effects of various parameters governing the flow on velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are studied through graphs. It is noticed that velocity decreases with an increase in Magnetic field while it increases with an increase in Grashof number, modified Grashof number& Permeability parameter. Temperature increases with an increase in heat absorption and it shows reverse effect in the case of heat generation and Prandtl number. Concentration decreases with increase in Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameter.
The Drosophila F-box protein dSkp2 regulates cell proliferation by targeting Dacapo for degradation

dSkp2 regulates cell cycle progression by antagonizing Dap in Drosophila, which resolves the question of whether dSkp2 has a role in regulating Dap stability and suggests the possibility of using Drosophila as a model system in which to study Skp2-mediated tumorigenesis.
Overview and preliminary idea for building Digital Earth with Grid computing technology

Abstract Digital Earth is an important field of information technology and a research frontier of geosciences in the 21st century. So far, the Grid computing technique is one of the best solutions for Digital Earth infrastructure. Digital Earth can only be realised through the interaction of people, heterogeneous computing resources, information systems, and instruments, all of which are geographically and organisationally dispersed. Earth observation (EO) includes information acquisition, processing and applications. Information acquisition provides a vast amount of spatial data for building the fabric resource infrastructure. Information processing means that spatial information processing middleware is used with large amounts of secure Grid computing resources for real-time processing of all kinds of spatial data. We are currently working on the development of core-middleware for EO data processing and applications for the Digital Earth Prototype System, which is available in the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications (IRSA), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) The further results will be available soon.
The fifth era

This research is mainly concerned with the reasons why many organizations remain rooted in the early quality eras and what prevents them from making the transition to the era of strategic quality management. The study examined the characteristics of 13 organizations at various stages of their quality initiatives. Interviews were conducted on a face‐to‐face basis using a semi‐structured questionnaire in order to obtain an in‐depth picture of each organization. The results enabled organizational profiles to be constructed, identifying in particular the key characteristics of those organizations which had successfully integrated their quality initiative into organization strategy. These findings provide useful learning for those organizations wishing to progress their quality initiatives.
Do interdisciplinary rounds improve patient outcomes? only if they improve teamwork.

Division of Hospital Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Center for Healthcare Studies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California.