Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Mixed Exponential Time Series Model

The simple model NMEAR 1 is described for a stationary dependent sequence of random variables which have a mixed exponential marginal distribution; the model is a first-order stochastic difference equation with random coefficients and is first-order Markovian. It should be broadly applicable for stochastic modelling in operations analysis. In particular, it provides a model for simulating interarrival times in queuing systems when these random variables are overdispersed relative to an exponential random variable, and moreover are positively correlated. The model also has capability to model a variable which may be zero, but which otherwise is exponentially distributed. Such variables are found as waiting times in queuing models. Because of the random linearity of the process, it is easily extended to the modelling of cross-coupled sequences of interarrival and service times. The model can also be extended quite simply to a mixed exponential process with mixed pth order autoregressive and qth order moving average correlation structure, NMEAR p, q, so that non-Markovian dependence can be handled.
IMPACTS OF INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT (IRD) TOWARDS TRADITIONAL VILLAGE ECONOMY IN KETENGAH, TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA

This study investigates the anticipated impacts of an integrated economy on six (6) traditional villages in the District of Dungun, Terengganu, Malaysia, which villages have undergone “Integrated Rural Development” (IRD). The IRD has promoted a continual intervention and collaboration process that involved external parties, including government agencies, to improve the rural local economy and the villagers’ quality of life. The villagers’ aspiration to improve their economic wealth was blended carefully with the preservation of local values through local distribution, thus reducing rural-urban incongruity. Alternatives were also sought to strengthen and use natural resources. The integrated economic sectors assessed in these villages were agriculture, livestock, aquaculture, small-and-medium entrepreneurs (SME) industries, and rural tourism. This paper seeks to evaluate the impacts of these economies on the concept of IRD by using Creative Index Analysis (C.I) in determining the best practice framework. By emphasising the principle of “best value for money”, CI was used to measure the value of anticipated impact, particularly the benefits that will be received by the people against the cost of development and operation for a period of its lifespan. A 1.0 creative index value refer to a rural area that has an economic integration potential and disparities that were overcome by the analysis. Most importantly, more than 78% of the 114 respondents from this area agreed with the project implementation. To ensure the impacts of the IRD project, the development framework proposes the consideration of at least three potential aspects within five years of implementation: training, new and existing development, and assistance in product marketing.
Low-temperature growth and interface characterization of BiFeO3 thin films with reduced leakage current

BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films of pure perovskite phase were deposited on LaNiO3-buffered Pt∕TiOx∕SiO2∕Si (LNO) and Pt∕TiOx∕SiO2∕Si (Pt) substrates by RF magnetron sputtering. Highly (100)-oriented BFO film was coherently grown on LNO at a temperature as low as 300 °C. The crystal structure and the film/electrode interface of BFO films were characterized using x-ray diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscope high-angle annular dark-field imaging. The conventional problem of the leakage current was greatly reduced with remarkable improvement in the film/electrode interface, chemical homogeneity, crystallinity, and surface roughness of the BFO film.
Ultrasound-modulation of near infrared light is used to detect foreign bodies buried in dense turbid media

Ultrasound-modulated optical tomography (UOT) is a promising nondestructive technique for biological tissue imaging, and possesses both high sensitivity of optical imaging and good spatial resolution of ultrasonic imaging. In this paper, ultrasound-modulation of near infrared light is used to detect foreign bodies buried in turbid media. Experimental resultsshow that there is a linear increasing relationship between the modulation depth of acousto-optic signals andtheabsorption and scattering coefficients of turbid media. The position and shape of the foreign body (scatterer and absorber)buried in the tissue simulation sample can be reconstructed by the acousto-optic signals in UOT, and the strengthofscattering objects and absorption objects can be detected. But the scattering objects and absorption objects aren’t distinguishable in the imaging.
Kayıp Veri Ele Alma Yöntemlerinin T-Testi ve ANOVA Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Bu arastirmanin amaci, kayip veri sorunu giderme yontemlerinin t-testi ve ANOVA parametreleri uzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Arastirma 50, 100, 200, 400 birimlik yapay veri setleri uzerinden yurutulmustur. Veri setleri dusuk ve yuksek korelasyonlu normal dagilima uygun olarak olusturulmustur. %5, %10, %20 kayip olacak sekilde rastgele kosullar altinda eksiltilmis veriler Tamamiyla Rassal Olarak Kayip (TROK) yapisina uygun olusturulmustur. Turetilen veri setlerine kayip veri giderme yontemlerinden silme, yerine ortalama koyma, regresyon ve beklenti maksimizasyonu yontemleri uygulanmistir. Calisma sonucunda kullanilan yontemlerin ortaya koydugu degerler farkli korelasyona ve farkli buyuklukteki veri setlerinde oldukca degisiklik gostermistir. Dusuk birimli veri setlerinde regresyon ve Beklenti Maksimizasyonu (BM) yontemleri en yakin sonuclari verirken, yuksek birimli veri setlerinde regresyon ve yerine ortalama koyma yontemi tam veri setlerine uygulanan analiz degerleriyle daha tutarli sonuclar vermistir
RNA-seq Gene Profiling Reveals Transcriptional Changes in the Late Phase during Compatible Interaction between a Korean Soybean Cultivar (Glycine max cv. Kwangan) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a

Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr. ) provides plant-derived proteins, soy vegetable oils, and various beneficial metabolites to humans and livestock. The importance of soybean is highly underlined, especially when carbon-negative sustainable agriculture is noticeable. However, many diseases by pests and pathogens threaten sustainable soybean production. Therefore, understanding molecular interaction between diverse cultivated varieties and pathogens is essential to developing disease-resistant soybean plants. Here, we established a pathosystem of the Korean domestic cultivar Kwangan against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a. This bacterial strain caused apparent disease symptoms and grew well in trifoliate leaves of soybean plants. To examine the disease susceptibility of the cultivar, we analyzed transcriptional changes in soybean leaves on day 5 after P. syringae pv. syringae B728a infection. About 8,900 and 7,780 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in this study, and significant proportions of DEGs were engaged in various primary and secondary metabolisms. On the other hand, soybean orthologs to well-known plant immune-related genes, especially in plant hormone signal transduction, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, and plant-pathogen interaction, were mainly reduced in transcript levels at 5 days post inoculation. These findings present the feature of the compatible interaction between cultivar Kwangan and P. syringae pv. syringae B728a, as a hemibiotroph, at the late infection phase. Collectively, we propose that P. syringae pv. syringae B728a successfully inhibits plant immune response in susceptible plants and deregulates host metabolic processes for their colonization and proliferation, whereas host plants employ diverse metabolites to protect themselves against infection with the hemibiotrophic pathogen at the late infection phase.
Recursive fast algorithm for the linear canonical transform with experimental validation

The Linear Canonical Transform (LCT) describes the effect of any Quadratic Phase System (QPS) on an input optical wavefield. Special cases of the LCT include the fractional Fourier transform (FRT), the Fourier transform (FT) and the Fresnel Transform (FST) describing free space propagation. Recently we have published theory for the Discrete Linear Canonical Transform (DLCT), which is to the LCT what the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is to the FT and we have derived the Fast Linear Canonical Transform (FLCT), a NlogN, algorithm for its numerical implementation using an approach similar to that used in deriving the FFT from the DFT. While the algorithm is significantly different to the FFT, it can be used to generate a new type of FFT algorithm using both time and frequency decimation intermittently and is based purely on the properties of the LCT and can be used for fast FT, FRT and FST calculations and in the most general case to rapidly calculate the effect of any QPS. In this paper we provide experimental validation of the algorithm in the simulation of an arbitrary two lens QPS.
Propagation of Explosive Pulses in Assemblies of Disks and Spheres

An experimental investigation has been conducted to compare and contrast the dynamic load–transfer process in single-chain assemblies of two- and three-dimensional particles. In particular, single-chain assemblies of disks and spheres were subjected to explosive loadings and strain gauges were used to collect the resulting strain pulse information. The data were analyzed to compare the pulse velocity, contact load attenuation, dispersion, and pulse breakup in disks and spheres. The comparison shows that the average pulse velocity in disks is higher than in spheres and the pulse attenuation is lower in the disks. The results also show that there is a characteristic pulse that will propagate through a single chain of disks without significant dispersion. However, the characteristic pulse propagating in assemblies of spheres, shows dispersion. For both disks and spheres, when the input pulse is sufficiently long, it undergoes a ringing process, which breaks the long pulse up into smaller signals of size approximately equal to the characteristic length. The larger the input pulse is with respect to the characteristic pulse length, the longer the breakup takes. This breakup is also accompanied by a redistribution of energy, which is easily seen in the frequency domain.
An adaptive preference retention collaborative filtering algorithm based on graph convolutional method

Collaborative filtering is one of the most widely used methods in recommender systems. In recent years, Graph Neural Networks (GNN) were naturally applied to collaborative filtering methods to model users' preference representation. However, empirical research has ignored the effects of different items on user representation, which prevented them from capturing fine-grained users' preferences. Besides, due to the problem of data sparsity in collaborative filtering, most GNN-based models conduct a large number of graph convolution operations in the user-item graph, resulting in an over-smoothing effect. To tackle these problems, Adaptive Preference Retention Graph Convolutional Collaborative Filtering Method (APR-GCCF) was proposed to distinguish the difference among the items and capture the fine-grained users' preferences. Specifically, the graph convolutional method was applied to model the high-order relationship on the user-item graph and an adaptive preference retention mechanism was used to capture the difference between items adaptively. To obtain a unified users' preferences representation and alleviate the over-smoothing effect, we employed a residual preference prediction mechanism to concatenate the representation of users' preferences generated by each layer of the graph neural network. Extensive experiments were conducted based on three real datasets and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the model.
Mathematical models for coinfection by two sexually transmitted agents: the human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus type 2 case

Summary. To study the interactions between two sexually transmitted diseases without remission of the infections, we propose to use Markovian models. One model allows the estimation of the per‐partnership female‐to‐male transmission probabilities for each infection, and the other the per‐sex‐act transmission probabilities. These models take into account the essential factors for the propagation of both infections, including the variability according to age of the rates of prevalence in the population of female partners for the male individuals constituting our sample. We estimate transmission probabilities and relative risks (for circumcision, usage of condoms and the effect of one infection on the infectivity of the other) by using the maximum likelihood method. Bootstrap procedures are used to provide confidence intervals for the parameters. We illustrate the new procedures with the study of the interactions between herpes simplex virus type 2 and human immunodeficiency virus by using data from the male circumcision trial that was conducted in Orange Farm (South Africa). The study shows that the probability that a susceptible male individual acquires one of the viruses is significantly higher when he is already infected with the other. Using the Akaike information criterion, we show that the per‐partnership model fits the data better than the per‐sex‐act model.
Substructural Response Reconstruction in Wavelet Domain

An approach for structural response reconstruction in a substructure using the unit impulse response function in the wavelet domain is presented. The forces at the interface degrees-of-freedom are taken as input excitations on the substructure. The response reconstruction is conducted by transforming the measured responses into responses at other selected locations. The response reconstruction using the proposed wavelet domain method is then compared with that from an existing frequency domain method. Numerical studies on a seven-story plane frame structure are carried out to investigate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method, and the effects of influencing parameters such as the number of sampled data, sampling rate, sensor numbers, and measurement noise are studied.
A Study on the Impact of Leader Behaviours on Employee Turnover Intentions

This research analysed academic staff at Malaysian polytechnics. The researcher conducted a study to determine the existence of a significant correlation between leadership empowering behaviour and the turnover intention to quit. The researcher suggested several research questions. Firstly, Leadership Empowering Behaviour has a significant impact on psychological responses (job satisfaction and job performance). Secondly, determine the impact of job satisfaction and job performance on turnover intention. Third, investigate the effect of psychological reactions on the empowerment of leaders and their turnover intentions. SPSS and SmartPLS3 were used to analyse the questionnaire data from 376 respondents. The researcher devised a study method that focuses on enhancing leadership behaviours such as empowerment, psychological reactions, and turnover intention. Employee empowerment has a positive relationship with job satisfaction and job performance. Job satisfaction and performance serve as a buffer between Empowering Leadership Behaviour and turnover intention. The findings of this study have the potential to have a significant impact on Malaysia's polytechnics by serving as a baseline for progress.
The application of PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) to transonic flow measurements

A number of PIV (Particle Image Velocity) measurements have been made at transonic speeds. The initial objective of the work has been to explore if such measurements could be made remotely and processed in an accurate and automatic fashion. Subsequently PIV measurements have been made remotely at optical stand-off distance of up to 1 m. PIV results are presented, made at ARA Bedford on a 1/12th scale model of an Airbus wing, where a separation induced shock has been measured in three dimensions. The paper also presents results achieved using PIV at DRA Pyestock in mapping the flow within a full size annular turbine cascade with a velocity measurement accuracy of 1%. Measurements are presented showing the wake measured downstream of an annular turbine stator row. The measurements clearly show the presence of a vortex street which has a width of approximately 3 mm.
Spectroscopic performances and electron transport properties in a 16x16-pixel CZT imaging hard-X-ray detector

Cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) pixel detectors show very good spectral and spatial resolution and are suitable for use in compact hard X-ray sensors operated without cryogenics. One of the more appealing astrophysical applications is their use as focal plane detectors for multilayer hard X-ray telescopes operating in the (10 - 80) keV energy band. This paper reports experimental results obtained from two 16x16 pixellated CZT detectors (10x10x1 mm3 and 10x10x2 mm3 single crystals) with 450x450 μm2 pixel operated at room temperature using standard commercial read-out electronics. We have investigated about energy resolution and material properties of both detectors. Both arrays gave similar results showing an energy resolution less then 5%@59.5 keV and a good material uniformity. The good energy resolution of both detectors demonstrates as the pixellated anode structure reduces (small pixel effect) the incomplete charge collection due to severe hole trapping typically presents in CZT crystals. A calibration curve, obtained using three different energies, shows a linear response of the detectors.
The Effect of Gender Diversity Top Management Team on Financial Performance of Banks in Indonesia

This research aims to analyze the effect of gender diversity in Top Management Team on financial performance in commercial bank. The variable used for this research are gender diversity, Non Performing Loan (NPL), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Operational Efficiency Ratio (OER) and Return On Assets (ROA). Sampling determines by using purposive sampling method and sample in this research are 20 big banks only that have been listed in period 2018-2019. The analysis tools on this research are using Partial Least Square (PLS) with SmartPLS software. The result of this research shows that gender diversity has a significant negative effect on NPL, OER has a significant negative effect on ROA and other variables used in this research showed insignificant results.
Ecological performance underlying ecosystem multifunctionality is promoted by organic farming and hedgerows at the local scale but not at the landscape scale

16 1. The relative contributions of agricultural intensity and semi-natural habitats to the 17 multifunctionality and sustainability of ecosystems at different spatial scales remain 18 largely under-investigated. 19 2. In this study, we assessed the multifunctionality of 40 winter cereal fields and 40 20 hedgerows based on ecological, agronomic and socio-economic performance using data 21 from field surveys and interviews with farmers. We specifically focused on the effects 22 of local farming systems (organic vs. conventional) and management (cereals 23 intercropped with legumes vs. monocrops), the effects of landscape heterogeneity 24 related to hedgerow density, and the spatial extent of semi-natural habitat and organic 25 farming. 26
Leveraging Long Short-Term User Preference in Conversational Recommendation via Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning

Conversational recommender systems (CRS) endow traditional recommender systems with the capability of dynamically obtaining users’ short-term preferences for items and attributes through interactive dialogues. There are three core challenges for CRS, including the intelligent decisions for what attributes to ask, which items to recommend, and when to ask or recommend, at each conversation turn. Previous methods mainly leverage reinforcement learning (RL) to learn conversational recommendation policies for solving one or two of these three decision-making problems in CRS with separated conversation and recommendation components. These approaches restrict the scalability and generality of CRS and fall short of preserving a stable training procedure. In the light of these challenges, we tackle these three decision-making problems in CRS as a unified policy learning task. In order to leverage different features that are important to each sub-problem and facilitate better unified policy learning in CRS, we propose two novel multi-agent RL-based frameworks, namely Independent and Hierarchical Multi-Agent UNIfied COnversational RecommeNders (IMA-UNICORN and HMA-UNICORN), respectively. In specific, two low-level agents enrich the state representations for attribute prediction and item recommendation, by combining the long-term user preference information from the historical interaction data and the short-term user preference information from the conversation history. A high-level meta agent is responsible for coordinating the low-level agents to adaptively make the final decision. Experimental results on four benchmark CRS datasets and a real-world E-Commerce application show that the proposed frameworks significantly outperform state-of-the-art methods. Extensive analyses further demonstrate the superior scalability of the MARL frameworks on the multi-round conversational recommendation.
Simultaneous embedding and visualization of graphs

Graph embedding and visualization problems arise in relational information visualization. The two primary goals in graph visualization are drawings that convey the relationships in the underlying data and drawings that are aesthetically pleasing. Often, we have a series of related graphs that we would like to compare. In such cases it is also important to preserve the mental map between the drawings of different graphs so that the relationship between the graphs is clearly visible. For simultaneous drawing of graphs, we first present a linear-time algorithm to simultaneously embed a planar graph and its dual on an integer grid, so that the dual vertices are placed inside their corresponding primal faces and the dual edges cross their primal edges. The area of the display grid is (2n − 2) x (2n − 2) where n is the number of vertices in the graphs. We then present the problem of simultaneous embedding of planar graphs defined on the same set of vertices. In this case we would like to embed the graphs so that the matched vertices of the graphs are placed at the exact same locations and the individual drawings of the graphs are crossing-free. First we consider restricted classes of planar graphs such as paths, cycles, and caterpillars. We provide algorithms to embed two such graphs on small-area grids. We then show that there are some classes of planar graphs for which simultaneous embedding is not possible. We also consider a version of the problem where there is no mapping between the vertices of the graphs and we provide an algorithm to embed a planar graph and an outerplanar graph on an O(n2) x O( n2) grid. We provide heuristic algorithms for simultaneously embedding general graphs and the visualization tecniques we employ to display them. We present three heuristic embedding algorithms and three different visualizations suitable for each of the embedding algorithms. We describe our system that implements these algorithms and techniques. As a technique that helps simultaneous visualization of graphs we describe morphing. We discuss the disadvantages of a commonly used morphing technique, linear morphing, in terms of mental map preservation. Then we provide our algorithm to morph a source planar drawing into a target planar drawing smoothly and without creating any edge-crossings throughout the morph. This technique helps preserve the mental map between the different drawings.