Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation filter-based self-paced object tracking

Object tracking is an important capability for robots tasked with interacting with humans and the environment, and it enables robots to manipulate objects. In object tracking, selecting samples to learn a robust and efficient appearance model is a challenging task. Model learning determines both the strategy and frequency of model updating, which concerns many details that can affect the tracking results. In this paper, we propose an object tracking approach by formulating a new objective function that integrates the learning paradigm of self-paced learning into object tracking such that reliable samples can be automatically selected for model learning. Sample weights and model parameters can be learned by minimizing this single objective function under the framework of kernelized correlation filters. Moreover, a real-valued error-tolerant self-paced function with a constraint vector is proposed to combine prior knowledge, i.e., the characteristics of object tracking, with information learned during tracking. We demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of our object tracking approach on a recent object tracking benchmark data set: OTB 2013.
ASYMMETRICALLY SECURED EGMP OVER MANET'S

Group communications are significant in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET). Multicast is an well- organized technique for applying group communications. Yet, it is interesting to implement effective and accessible multicast in MANET due to the effort in group member management and multicasting of packets forwarding in an active topology. We suggest a Asymmetrically Secured novel Efficient Geographic Multicast Protocol (EGMP). EGMP uses a practical-zone-based arrangement to implement accessible and effective group member management. A network-wide zone-based bi-directional tree is made to attain more well-organized member management and multicast delivery. The location information is used to monitor the zone structure, multicast tree building and multicast packets forwarding, which capably reduce the overhead for route finding and tree structure maintenance. Some approaches have been suggested to further improvement in the efficiency of the protocol, for example, presenting the concept of zone depth for construction an ideal tree structure and adding the position search of group of members with the ordered group member management. To switch empty zone problem met by most routing protocols using a zone structure. Finally, we plan a pattern to switch the security problem faced by the multicasting. The scalability and the productivity of EGMP are assessed through simulations and quantitative analysis. Our results prove that EGMP has great packet delivery ratio, and low control overhead, and is accessible to both group size and network size. EGMP has expressively lower control overhead, data transmission overhead, and multicast group joining delay.
Job stress, personality, and psychological distress as determinants of somatization and functional somatic syndromes in a population of nurses

The objective of the present study was to examine the respective contribution of job stress dimensions (work demands, job control, and social support at work), personality traits (neuroticism and alexithymia), and psychological distress (anxiety and depression) to somatization in a population of nurses. Therefore, a number of logistic regression analyses were conducted, with the presence versus absence of three functional somatic syndromes (functional dyspepsia (FD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and idiopathic chronic fatigue (CF) and current somatization, defined as the presence of at least two medically unexplained symptoms (median number of symptoms for the sample) and four medically unexplained symptoms (highest quartile for the sample) during the past month, as the outcome variables. The results pointed out that job stress dimensions significantly and independently contributed to IBS (job control) and CF (work demands). The personality trait neuroticism was a significant predictor of both current somatization and functional somatic syndromes, whereas alexithymia primarily predicted the presence of more severe and/or more enduring forms of somatization. Finally, three out of five outcome variables were predicted by psychological distress. Future studies should examine (a) to what extent distinct patterns of associations can be found between specific job stress dimensions on the one hand, and specific functional somatic syndromes on the other and (b) the potential interaction between job stress and personality dimensions in determining somatization. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Being Politically Impolite: Extending Politeness Theory to Adversarial Political Discourse

This article attempts to extend politeness theory beyond informal situations to adversarial political discourse, using Prime Minister's Question Time in the British Parliament as data. Viewing the House of Commons as a `community of practice' (Lave and Wenger, 1991) provides a way of exploring concepts of politeness and impoliteness against a set of member expectations. The article argues three main propositions: (1) that much of the discourse of Prime Minister's Question Time is composed of intentional and explicitly face-threatening (or face-enhancing) acts and that these can be analysed in terms of both propositional and interactional levels: (2) that negative politeness features co-exist with the performance of intentional threats to the hearer's positive face and that these can only be understood and interpreted in relationship to Parliament as an institution and the wider political context; and (3) that systematic impoliteness is not only sanctioned but rewarded in accordance with the expectations of Members of the House by an adversarial and confrontational political process.
A language driven approach to multi-system access control

Resource access control policies for an organization are often derived from best practice standards or from high level business policies. To ensure that access control is enforced effectively, these business policies need to be translated into deployable system configurations or lower level policies for multiple diverse systems. These target policy representations require experts to coordinate and collaborate so that business policies are fully supported. It is difficult and cumbersome to effectively ensure that all access control policies are enforced with the desired effect and in a consistent way, particularly given that there may be many people editing policies and that business policies can change over time. We present a language driven approach that abstracts access control policies into a clear and structured set of rules defined using terms familiar to a non-systems expert, which may then be realized into multiple levels of abstraction. Our proof of concept system uses Language-Driven Development (LDD) techniques to transform high level business policies into device specific policies that can be enforced by multiple access control system types. Our scenario examines the application of access control to instant messaging communications and network server access, two systems with different access control configuration languages.
Miscellaneous Front Pages J. Symbolic Logic Volume 13 Issue 2 (1948)

In recent years, much research has been devoted to the synthesis of context-free grammar ; however, few have improved the exploration of Lamport clocks. Of course, this is not always the case. In fact, few system administrators would disagree with the construction of Markov models. Our focus in this work is not on whether object-oriented languages and linked lists can interfere to realize this goal, but rather on describing a collaborative tool for visualizing the Internet (Gazel).
Concentration of malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein in the jugular bulb during carotid endarterectomy correlates with development of postoperative cognitive impairment.

OBJECTIVE Approximately 20 to 30% of patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) subsequently develop cognitive impairment. The purpose of the present study is to determine whether or not malondialdehyde (MDA)-modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL), a biochemical marker of oxidative damage, concentrations in the jugular bulb during CEA correlates with development of postoperative cognitive impairment. METHODS Fifty-five patients undergoing CEA were assessed with a battery of neuropsychological tests before and 1 month after surgery. Serum samples for measurement of MDA-LDL concentration were obtained from a venous catheter inserted into the ipsilateral jugular bulb at the following time points: immediately before clamping of the internal carotid artery (ICA), 10 minutes after clamping of the ICA, and 5 and 20 minutes after declamping of the ICA. RESULTS The MDA-LDL concentrations at 5 and 20 minutes after ICA declamping were both significantly higher than concentrations before ICA clamping (P < 0.0001). At the postoperative neuropsychological assessment, six (11%) out of 55 patients showed postoperative cognitive impairment. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that higher values of MDA-LDL increase (calculated as a percentage of the preclamp values) at either 5 or 20 minutes after ICA declamping were significantly associated with the development of postoperative cognitive impairment (95% confidence interval, 0.787-0.981; P = 0.0209) among the variables tested. CONCLUSION MDA-LDL concentration in the jugular bulb during CEA correlates with development of postoperative cognitive impairment.
Customizing complex lexical entries for high-quality MT

The customization of Machine Translation systems concentrates, for the most part, on MT dictionaries. In this paper, we focus on the customization of complex lexical entries that involve various types of lexical collocations, such as sub-categorization frames. We describe methods and tools that leverage existing parsers and other MT dictionaries for customization of MT dictionaries. This customization process is applied on large-scale customization of several commercial MT systems, including English to Japanese, Chinese, and Korean.
Transforming emotion schemes in emotion focused therapy: a case study investigation

This research involved a qualitative single-case study, observational design aimed at examining and potentially refining the State-transitional model of emotional processing of distress model, of emotion transformation in psychotherapy in delineating the stages of emotion transformation within and across Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) sessions for depression that produced effective outcomes. The model assumes that the client initially presents with undifferentiated emotions, but gradually becomes increasingly able to differentiate the underlying painful emotions of shame, fear, and associated unmet needs. Eventually through therapy, the client becomes capable of accessing more adaptive states such as self-soothing and protective anger. The study examined video recordings of sixteen sessions of EFT, conducted with a female Caucasian participant that met criteria for major depressive disorder. Using the State-transitional model of emotional processing of distress model as the base for qualitative analysis, moment-to-moment shifts in client affective-meaning states, emotional arousal and emotional productivity were examined. Overall the model of emotional processing was found to be compatible with the sequence of emotions and the process of change, with some suggested refinements to the model, relating to this case. These refinements involve the highlighting of behavioral and emotional avoidance that contributed to the lack of emotional processing. They further highlight loneliness as 25 a distinct feature of the core pain.
A Constraint-Based Hypergraph Partitioning Approach to Coreference Resolution

This work is focused on research in machine learning for coreference resolution. Coreference resolution is a natural language processing task that consists of determining the expressions in a discourse that refer to the same entity.The main contributions of this article are (i) a new approach to coreference resolution based on constraint satisfaction, using a hypergraph to represent the problem and solving it by relaxation labeling; and (ii) research towards improving coreference resolution performance using world knowledge extracted from Wikipedia.The developed approach is able to use an entity-mention classification model with more expressiveness than the pair-based ones, and overcome the weaknesses of previous approaches in the state of the art such as linking contradictions, classifications without context, and lack of information evaluating pairs. Furthermore, the approach allows the incorporation of new information by adding constraints, and research has been done in order to use world knowledge to improve performances.RelaxCor, the implementation of the approach, achieved results at the state-of-the-art level, and participated in international competitions: SemEval-2010 and CoNLL-2011. RelaxCor achieved second place in CoNLL-2011.
How Child Victims Respond to Perpetrators of Sexual Abuse

This article reviews the findings of psychological research on how sexually victimised children “typically” respond to the offender and compares the findings of this research to generally held adult expectations of child victim's behaviour. This analysis reveals that adult expectations of child victims' responses are often inconsistent with the findings of relevant empirical research. This suggests that many adults, despite a greater societal awareness and understanding of child sexual abuse generally, may still continue to be poorly informed about the behaviour of sexually abused children and the underlying dynamics of such abuse. Consequently, in a forensic context, decision-makers in child sexual assault cases may unfairly rely on misconceived beliefs about how child victims respond to sexual abuse in evaluating such cases.
Mechanisms of Cancer Cell Killing by the Adenovirus E4orf4 Protein

During adenovirus (Ad) replication the Ad E4orf4 protein regulates progression from the early to the late phase of infection. However, when E4orf4 is expressed alone outside the context of the virus it induces a non-canonical mode of programmed cell death, which feeds into known cell death pathways such as apoptosis or necrosis, depending on the cell line tested. E4orf4-induced cell death has many interesting and unique features including a higher susceptibility of cancer cells to E4orf4-induced cell killing compared with normal cells, caspase-independence, a high degree of evolutionary conservation of the signaling pathways, a link to perturbations of the cell cycle, and involvement of two distinct cell death programs, in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. Several E4orf4-interacting proteins including its major partners, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and Src family kinases, contribute to induction of cell death. The various features of E4orf4-induced cell killing as well as studies to decipher the underlying mechanisms are described here. Many explanations for the cancer specificity of E4orf4-induced cell death have been proposed, but a full understanding of the reasons for the different susceptibility of cancer and normal cells to killing by E4orf4 will require a more detailed analysis of the complex E4orf4 signaling network. An improved understanding of the mechanisms involved in this unique mode of programmed cell death may aid in design of novel E4orf4-based cancer therapeutics.
A qualitative investigation into the online counselling relationship: To meet or not to meet, that is the question

Abstract Background and aim: Online counselling, as a psychotherapeutic approach, provokes debate amongst practitioners and researchers concerning its efficacy and validity. This reflexive study extends existing research into the nature of the online counselling relationship when it is conducted asynchronously (by email) and explores the possibility this approach may facilitate both online and face-to-face therapeutic engagement. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted electronically with ten former email counselling clients of a university counselling service and six counsellors delivering email counselling in other higher education settings, to explore, in depth, their experiences of the online therapeutic relationship and its impact on the counselling process and outcomes. These were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Findings: Four areas of focus emerged relating to: (1) the importance of the structure and processes involved; (2) their impact on thinking and feeli.
SEGMENTATION BASED ROBUST INTERPOLATION - A NEW APPROACH TO LASER DATA FILTERING

With airborne laser scanning points are measured on the terrain surface, and on other objects as buildings and vegetation. With socalled filtering methods a classification of the points into terrain and object points is performed. In the literature two approaches – i.e. a general strategies for solving the problem – for filtering can be identified. The first work directly on the measured points and geometric criteria are used for the decision, if a point is on the ground or an object point. The methods from the second approach first segment the data and then make a classification based on segments. In this paper we present a new approach for filtering. It is a combination of both approaches, specifically exploiting their strengths. A filter method following this new approach is developed and demonstrated by examples.
NUMA-aware shared-memory collective communication for MPI

As the number of cores per node keeps increasing, it becomes increasingly important for MPI to leverage shared memory for intranode communication. This paper investigates the design and optimizations of MPI collectives for clusters of NUMA nodes. We develop performance models for collective communication using shared memory, and we develop several algorithms for various collectives. Experiments are conducted on both Xeon X5650 and Opteron 6100 InfiniBand clusters. The measurements agree with the model and indicate that different algorithms dominate for short vectors and long vectors. We compare our shared-memory allreduce with several traditional MPI implementations -- Open MPI, MPICH2, and MVAPICH2 -- that utilize system shared memory to facilitate interprocess communication. On a 16-node Xeon cluster and 8-node Opteron cluster, our implementation achieves on average 2.5X and 2.3X speedup over MVAPICH2, respectively. Our techniques enable an efficient implementation of collective operations on future multi- and manycore systems.
Family Firms, Paternalism, and Labor Relations

Using firm-, industry-, and country-level data, we document a link between family ownership and labor relations. Across countries, we find that family ownership is relatively more prevalent in countries in which labor relations are difficult, consistent with firm-level evidence suggesting that family firms are particularly effective at coping with difficult labor relations. Our cross-country results are robust to controlling for minority shareholder protection and various other potential determinants of family ownership. Our results also hold if we use strike data from the 1960s to predict cross-country variation in family ownership thirty years later. We address causality in two ways. First, we instrument our measure of the quality of labor relations using 'Labor Origin', a variable describing the extent to which the emerging European liberal states in the 18th and 19th centuries confronted guilds and labor organizations. Second, making use of within-country variation at the industry level, we show that - controlling for industry and country fixed effects - industries that are more labor dependent have relatively more family ownership in countries with worse labor relations.
Wireless multi-rate scheduling: From physical interference to disk graphs

Wireless communication technology offers multi-rate transmission capability which allows to increase the network's throughput. Nevertheless, previous algorithmic results have focused on single-rate radios. In this paper, we study the problem of scheduling multi-rate wireless requests considering the physical interference model. The objective of the problem is to select a subset of communication requests such that the sum of their data rates is maximized and no collisions occur if they are all scheduled simultaneously. We show that, under certain constraints on the input, the problem can be approximated by a graph-based model. More specifically, if network nodes live in a two-dimensional Euclidean space, where the path loss exponent is strictly larger than two, and if data rates and sender-receiver distances can only differ by a contact factor between communication requests, the problem can be modeled as a disk graph. This means that, despite the global nature of the physical interference model, conflicts between simultaneous requests can be restricted to the local neighborhood of the transmitting nodes. We show how to build the corresponding disk graph instances and prove that a weighted maximum independent set in this graph-based model provides a constant-factor approximation to the multi-rate scheduling problem in the physical interference model. Moreover, we implement a polynomial-time approximation scheme algorithm to obtain solutions that are within an arbitrarily small factor of being optimal in the disk graph model.
Convergence rates for sparse chaos approximations of elliptic problems with stochastic coefficients

A scalar, elliptic boundary-value problem in divergence form with stochastic diffusion coefficient a (x, co) in a bounded domain D R d is reformulated as a deterministic, infinite-dimensional, parametric problem by separation of deterministic (x ∈ D) and stochastic (ω e Q) variables in a(x,ω) via Karhunen-Loeve or Legendre expansions of the diffusion coefficient. Deterministic, approximate solvers are obtained by projection of this problem into a product probability space of finite dimension M and sparse discretizations of the resulting M-dimensional parametric problem. Both Galerkin and collocation approximations are considered. Under regularity assumptions on the fluctuation of a(x, ω) in the deterministic variable x, the convergence rate of the deterministic solution algorithm is analysed in terms of the number N of deterministic problems to be solved as both the chaos dimension M and the multiresolution level of the sparse discretization resp. the polynomial degree of the chaos expansion increase simultaneously.
Caregiver Sensitivity in Cultural Context: Japanese and U.S. Teachers' Beliefs About Anticipating and Responding to Children's Needs

Abstract Western investigators assume that caregiver sensitivity takes similar forms and has similar outcomes in all cultures. However, cultural research suggests that sensitivity in the West has more to do with responsiveness to children's explicit expression of need, and that sensitivity in non-Western communities has more to do with anticipation of children's needs and receptivity to subtle and nonverbal cues. To date, no studies have directly assessed these differences. The present study examines interviews of 20 preschool teachers, 9 from the United States and 11 from Japan. Teachers were presented with scenarios and asked whether it is better to anticipate or respond to children's needs. Findings support the hypothesis that U.S. teachers prefer to respond to explicit expressions of need and that Japanese teachers prefer to anticipate children's needs. U.S. teachers also emphasize that children should learn to depend on themselves, that children are responsible for clarifying their own needs, and that children's self-expression should be encouraged. By contrast, Japanese teachers emphasize that children should learn to depend on their teachers, that teachers are responsible for clarifying children's needs, and that teachers must make assumptions about children's needs. These findings have implications for helping Japanese children and their parents adapt to the U.S. preschool setting.