Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prophylactic, Endovascularly Based, Long-Term Normothermia in ICU Patients With Severe Cerebrovascular Disease: Bicenter Prospective, Randomized Trial

Background and Purpose— We sought to study the effectiveness and safety of endovascular cooling to maintain prophylactic normothermia in comparison with standardized, stepwise, escalating fever management to reduce fever burden in patients with severe cerebrovascular disease. Methods— This study was a prospective, randomized, controlled trial with a blinded neurologic outcome evaluation comparison between prophylactic, catheter-based normothermia (CoolGard; ie, body core temperature 36.5°C) and conventional, stepwise fever management with anti-inflammatory drugs and surface cooling. Patients admitted to 1 of the 2 neurointensive care units were eligible for study inclusion when they had a (1) spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage with Hunt & Hess grade between 3 and 5, (2) spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage with a Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤10, or (3) complicated cerebral infarction requiring intensive care unit treatment with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≥15. Results— A total of 102 patients (56 female) were enrolled during a 3.5-year period. Fifty percent had a spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage, 40% had a spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, and 10% had a complicated cerebral infarction. Overall median total fever burden during the course of treatment was 0.0°C hour and 4.3°C hours in the catheter and conventional groups, respectively (P<0.0001). Prophylactic normothermia did not lead to an increase in the number of patients who experienced a major adverse event. No significant difference was found in mortality and neurologic long-term follow-up. Conclusions— Long-term, catheter-based, prophylactic normothermia significantly reduces fever burden in neurointensive care unit patients with severe cerebrovascular disease and is not associated with increased major adverse events.
The Role of Moral Worldviews in Predicting Sexual Behavior From Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood

We examined the relationship between moral worldview and number of sexual partners across 6 years in a nationally representative sample of 2,202 emerging adults. Using negative binomial fixed-effects regression models to control for all time-invariant confounders, we found that while changes toward more orthodox moral worldviews account for differences in number of partners during adolescence, this effect disappears as teens enter emerging adulthood. We explored two possible explanations for this change in effect, including (a) whether moral worldviews are simply standing in for external factors that are actually driving observed behavior and (b) how the effects of moral worldviews may depend on overall levels of orthodoxy. The results lead us to conclude that moral worldviews influence sexual behaviors over time; however, moral worldviews appear to have a significant protective effect only for individuals indicating a high degree of moral orthodoxy. These findings support the idea that moral worldviews impact health behavior during key developmental years.
Educational Administration as a Disciplinary Practice: Appropriating Foucault's View of Power, Discourse, and Method

This article discusses the relevance of Foucault's work to the field of educational administration. It argues for Foucault's concept of disciplinary practice as a powerful new generative metaphor for the field. A major implication of Foucault's view of power is that educational practices that may appear more democratic, participatory, or progressive may in fact constitute forms of disciplinary power and thus result in more effective technologies of control. The authors argue that regardless of which techniques of administration are used, the effects of disciplinary power cannot be escaped. No educational practices are inherently more empowering than others. They further discuss how disciplinary power operates through discourse practices, which, according to Foucault, link knowledge and power Discourses shape administrative practices, and administrative practices produce discourses. Finally, the authors discuss how Foucault's methodology (genealogy) can be used to determine why some discourses have prevailed over others in the field of educational administration.
Fixed points and cycles of parking functions

A parking function of length $n$ is a sequence $\pi=(\pi_1,\dots, \pi_n)$ of positive integers such that if $\lambda_1\leq\cdots\leq \lambda_n$ is the increasing rearrangement of $\pi_1,\dots,\pi_n$, then $\lambda_i\leq i$ for $1\leq i\leq n$. In this paper we obtain some exact results on the number of fixed points and cycles of parking functions. Our proofs will be based on generalizations of Pollak's argument. Extensions of our techniques are discussed.
Voice Assessment Without Instrumentation

The use of instrumentation in the assessment of voice requires many considerations for the clinician working with voice disorders. Just as routine medical patients may not require sophisticated or even basic x-rays, electrocardiograms, or electroencephalograms, neither will patients with disorders of voice, in my experience, ordinarily require laboratory studies of pitch, loudness, and quality of voice. When considering instrumental voice assessment for a patient, we should ask the following questions. (1) Is the study directly related to diagnosis and treatment or is it primarily for record keeping and research? (2) Is the study invasive of the patient's body and thus may place the patient at risk of injury, pain, or anxiety? (3) Does the study add to the cost of' care for the patient? (4) Is the information sought otherwise available, e.g., the laryngologist's report, patient's history, by listening to the voice, or via use of vocal facilitation? Discussions of instrumentation in a continuing education publication should open a broader perspective and explore the purpose of introducing instrumentation in the education of speech-language pathologists. For the basic education of clinicians, is the use of laboratory instrumentation "becoming a necessity" or "something one should be aware of," implying that one should be capable of understanding the results of such instrumentation? For continuing education should there be specific direction regarding the applicaSpeech PuthologyIAudiology Section, Child Ueuelo tion of each instrument to diagrlosis and
The influence of temperature on the development and survival of the pre-infective free-living stages of nematode parasites of sheep

Abstract AIM: To develop a model for the development dynamics of the pre-infective stages of nematode parasites on pasture and to use it to investigate the importance of temperature fluctuations on the proportion of eggs developing to infective larvae. METHODS: Data from published literature was used to derive relationships for development and survival rates in response to temperature for Teladorsagia (=Ostertagia) circumcincta, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Haemonchus contortus. A model describing development from the egg to infective third larval stage (L3) for each species under the influence of temperature was constructed. It was assumed that moisture is never limiting. The model was initially used to estimate the proportion of eggs developing to L3 under 12-hourly temperature oscillations of different magnitude around constant temperatures of 10, 20 and 30°C. Subsequently the model was run on hourly temperature data collected from the field, and on daily and monthly means calculated from the hourly temperatures. As each set of comparisons had the same mean temperature, differences in proportional development were the result of the cumulative effects of temperature fluctuations on the development and survival of the developing stages. RESULTS: Oscillating temperatures always resulted in a lower estimated proportion of eggs developing to L3 than the constant mean, and the larger the oscillations the greater the reduction in development. Similarly, development estimated on hourly temperatures measured in the field was always lower than those estimated on daily mean temperatures calculated from the hourly values, sometimes by a large amount. Monthly mean temperatures resulted in estimates for development which were sometimes higher and sometimes lower than those based on hourly or daily means. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent accurate estimation of the proportion of eggs developing to L3 in the field will require the integration of temperatures at relatively short time intervals. This will be necessary to capture the effect of temperatures fluctuating, even for short periods, to temperature values which are less than optimal for development. The use of daily mean temperatures, or means taken over longer periods, is likely to yield inaccurate estimates of development at least some of the time.
La transgression: une dimension oubliée de l'organisation

Cet article theorique cherche a rehabiliter le role de la transgression des regles dans l’organisation. Critiquant la condamnation systematique de tout phenomene transgressif par les sciences de gestion, nous cherchons a montrer qu’une partie du phenomene ne doit pas etre comprise comme une pathologie de l’organisation, mais bien comme un element de son fonctionnement normal. L’analyse strategique (Crozier et Friedberg) et la theorie de la regulation conjointe (Reynaud) peuvent ainsi etre mobilisees pour montrer combien l’acte transgressif peut avoir une dimension positive dans le fonctionnement organisationnel.
Investigating ongoing brain oscillations and their influence on conscious perception – network states and the window to consciousness

In cognitive neuroscience, prerequisites of consciousness are of high interest. Within recent years it has become more commonly understood that ongoing brain activity, mainly measured with electrophysiology, can predict whether an upcoming stimulus is consciously perceived. One approach to investigate the relationship between ongoing brain activity and conscious perception is to conduct near-threshold (NT) experiments and focus on the pre-stimulus period. The current review will, in the first part, summarize main findings of pre-stimulus research from NT experiments, mainly focusing on the alpha band (8–14 Hz). It is probable that the most prominent finding is that local (mostly sensory) areas show enhanced excitatory states prior to detection of upcoming NT stimuli, as putatively reflected by decreased alpha band power. However, the view of a solely local excitability change seems to be too narrow. In a recent paper, using a somatosensory NT task, Weisz et al. (2014) replicated the common alpha finding and, furthermore, conceptually embedded this finding into a more global framework called “Windows to Consciousness” (Win2Con). In this review, we want to further elaborate on the crucial assumption of “open windows” to conscious perception, determined by pre-established pathways connecting sensory and higher order areas. Methodologically, connectivity and graph theoretical analyses are applied to source-imaging magnetoencephalographic data to uncover brain regions with strong network integration as well as their connection patterns. Sensory regions with stronger network integration will more likely distribute information when confronted with weak NT stimuli, favoring its subsequent conscious perception. First experimental evidence confirms our aforementioned “open window” hypothesis. We therefore emphasize that future research on prerequisites of consciousness needs to move on from investigating solely local excitability to a more global view of network connectivity.
External information search: effects of tour brochures with experiential information.

External information sources are employed by tourists and form the basis for vaction planning. For marketers it is relevant to know what kind of information should be used in tour brochures to stimulate the tourist's external vaction search process. In this context the effect of experiential and non-experiential information on external search behavior is examined in a field experiment. External information search is defined as the request of a free vaction magazine through the sending of a brochure response card. Actually, this overt behavioral response to brochures is measured as the dependent variable. The results indicate that tour brochures with experiential texts and a readers' instruction to enactive imagery, did not cause more external search than brochures without such information.
‘My Journey to School …’: Foregrounding the Meaning of School Journeys and Children's Engagements and Interactions in their Everyday Localities

Abstract This paper gives prominence to children's own accounts of school journeys. The characteristics of school journeys in Fife, Scotland are outlined, and the nature of children's school journey experiences discussed. The focus is on children in the latter years of primary school, concentrating mainly on the experiences of those who walk without adult accompaniment on their school journeys. By drawing attention to the meaning of these journeys to children this paper brings to the fore children's active and imaginative engagements in and with their environments. This situates school journeys as an integral part of children's geographies indicative of the regulation of the child's realm and the active part which children play in redefining this.
Rivastigmine in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: an update

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia in industrialized countries. In the European Union, about 54% of dementia cases are believed to be due to Alzheimer’s disease. The condition is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by multiple cognitive deficiencies, including loss of memory, judgment, and comprehension. These manifestations are accompanied by behavioral and mood disturbances. Although no cure has yet been discovered for Alzheimer’s disease, symptomatic therapies are now widely available and offer significant relief to patients and benefits to caregivers in terms of reduced care burden. At the start of the 21st century, health technology assessments recommended three agents for the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: rivastigmine, donepezil, and galantamine. Rivastigmine (Exelon®, Novartis Basel—Switzerland) is a slowly reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), while donepezil (Aricept®, Pfizer, New York, USA) and galantamine (Reminyl®, Janssen, New Jersey,USA) show no functional inhibition of BuChE, and are considered AChE-selective, rapidly-reversible inhibitors. The efficacy of all three agents has been evaluated in large, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials of up to 6 months’ duration. Rivastigmine treatment in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease improves cognition, activities of daily living, and global function.
Herpes simplex virus trans-regulatory protein ICP27 stabilizes and binds to 3' ends of labile mRNA

Previous work demonstrated that a herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) immediate-early function up-regulates beta interferon but not chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter genes driven by the strong simian virus 40 (SV40) or cytomegalovirus promoter-enhancer regions in both transient assays and stable cell lines. The different 3' mRNA stabilization and RNA-processing signals from these two reporter genes appeared to be primarily responsible for this phenomenon. We now report that the HSV-1 ICP27 itself is sufficient to stimulate both steady-state accumulation and increased half-life of beta interferon reporter gene mRNA. Furthermore, the ability to respond directly to cotransfected ICP27 can be transferred to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter genes by replacement of their SV40-derived splicing and poly(A) signals with the 3' AU-rich and poly(A) RNA-processing signals from the normally highly labile beta interferon and c-myc mRNA species. ICP27 expressed in bacteria bound specifically to in vitro-generated RNA from both the beta interferon and c-myc intronless AU-rich 3' RNA-processing regions, but not to the SV40-derived early-region splice signal and poly(A) sequences. By site-specific mutagenesis, we also show that individual ICP27 C-terminal amino acid residues that are positionally conserved in ICP27 homologs in other herpesviruses (D-357, E-358, H-479, C-400, C-483, and C-488) are critical for trans-regulatory activity. Importantly, several of these positions match mutations that are known to be essential for the role of ICP27 in the early-to-late switch during the virus lytic cycle. Therefore, our findings support the notion that HSV ICP27 modulates gene expression posttranscriptionally in part by targeting RNA.
Image Watermarking Scheme Based on DWT-DCT and SSV

With the fast development of network, it becomes urgent to protect copyright and rightful ownership of an image, and digital watermark technology is a comprising solution to do that. However, the false positive problem exists in a number of watermarking schemes based on singular value decomposition (SVD). This paper offers a novel image watermark scheme to avoid the false positive problem, which combines with discrete cosine transform (DCT), discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and shuffled singular value decomposition (SSVD). In order to address the problem, the principal components obtained by SSVD are embedded into a constructed matrix composed of the direct current (DC) component which is extracted from the non-overlapping image block acquired by dividing the low frequency. The low frequency is obtained by applying DWT to the host image. Otherwise, the experiments concerning the imperceptibility and robustness are conducted in this paper. Compared with other reliable watermark methods, the obtained experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has excellent imperceptibility and behaves satisfactory robustness in resisting the attacks such as Salt and Pepper noise, Gaussian noise, and image cropping, etc.
N‐ethylmaleimide increases release probability at GABAergic synapses in layer I of the mouse visual cortex

The sulphydryl alkylating agent N‐ethylmaleimide (NEM) has been often used as an uncoupler of pertussis toxin‐sensitive G‐proteins. However, the effects of NEM on γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic synaptic transmission remain controversial. Using the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique, GABAA receptor‐mediated postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) have been recorded from Cajal‐Retzius (CR) cells in layer I of the neonatal mouse visual cortex. NEM increased the frequencies of both spontaneous and miniature IPSCs (mIPSCs) without an effect on the median mIPSC amplitudes or mIPSC kinetics. The NEM actions on mIPSCs did not depend on the extracellular Ca2+, Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, adenylyl cyclase and protein kinase A activities. NEM increased the mean amplitudes of evoked IPSCs and strongly decreased the paired‐pulse ratio. The size of the readily releasable pool of presynaptic vesicles (RRP) was estimated using a high‐frequency stimulation protocol. The RRP size was not affected by NEM. In addition, NEM significantly decreased the latency between the stimulus and the onset of GABA release. These results suggest that NEM selectively increases GABA release probability. At postnatal day 2, mIPSCs were observed only in about 30% of CR cells. NEM application revealed, however, that more than 90% of CR cells receive GABAergic inputs. Therefore, NEM seems to be a useful tool to verify the existence of ‘silent’ GABAergic synapses.
Doing the truth: religion – deconstruction – justice, and accounting

Purpose - The paper's purpose is to use religious thought to inform accounting, and in particular to make a contribution to the ongoing debates concerning the merits of rules- and principles-based accounting systems and the value of a rule-overriding requirement of fair presentation in financial reporting. Design/methodology/approach - The paper applies to accounting a conception of religion that is heavily influenced by Jacques Derrida's writings on religion and deconstruction. In order to clarify the nature of this religion and to facilitate appreciation of its significance for accounting it is progressively recast, in the paper, first in terms of deconstruction and then in terms of a demand for an infinite justice. Findings - At the core of the paper, religious responsibility, as a demand for justice, in accounting is explored through Derrida's analysis of the relation between justice and law, which is found to have clear application to accounting in terms of an aporetic tension between an infinite demand for fairness in accounting and accounting regulation. Practical implications - The analysis implies that the pursuit of justice as fairness in accounting, “doing the truth” in accounting, will always demand the negotiation of an unstable and difficult mediation between the poles of regulation and fairness, the calculable and the incalculable, the possible and the impossible. Originality/value - The paper draws on the postsecular current in religion to make a novel contribution to the critical and interdisciplinary awareness in accounting that has begun to unsettle the hold that certain modernist dichotomies, such as that of myth and reason, have had on accounting thought.
Behavioral Profiles in Phelan-McDermid Syndrome: Focus on Mental Health

Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS) is a multiple congenital anomalies and intellectual disabilities syndrome associated with a deletion of chromosome 22 terminal band 13.3. The deletion is associated with severe intellectual disabilities, absent or delayed speech, behavior problems, and autism. The objective of this study was to provide a detailed assessment and analysis of problematic behaviors in this population. Semistructured parent interviews, checklists, and record reviews were conducted for 35 families with children with PMS. Parents participated in completing the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-II, Reiss Scales for Children's Dual Diagnosis (Reiss), and the Parent Form of the Children's Interview for Psychiatric Symptoms (P-ChIPS). Children with PMS showed adaptive behaviors more than 3 standard deviations below the mean. Maladaptive behaviors were present in nearly all children. Moreover, the P-ChIPS and interview results showed evidence of unstable mood, depressive symptoms, and overactivity. The Reiss showed high scores for psychosis, autism, depression, and attention deficit. Children with PMS have high levels of maladaptive behaviors as well as evidence of mood, attention, autistic, and psychotic issues reported by parents. Although PMS previously has been associated with autism, there are confounds between autism and mental issues in this rare population. Implications for understanding the nature of autism and mental health disorders in children are discussed.