Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotional State Recognition Using Facial Expression, Voice, and Physiological Signal

Emotion recognition is an important aspect of affective computing, one of whose aims is the study and development of behavioral and emotional interaction between human and machine. In this context, another important point concerns acquisition devices and signal processing tools which lead to an estimation of the emotional state of the user. This article presents a survey about concepts around emotion, multimodality in recognition, physiological activities and emotional induction, methods and tools for acquisition and signal processing with a focus on processing algorithm and their degree of reliability.
Dentoskeletal effects of the forsus™ fatigue resistance device in the treatment of class II malocclusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to quantitatively compare previous studies that evaluated skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of the ForsusTM Fatigue Resistance Device (FRD) in the treatment of Class II malocclusion with a matched untreated control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four electronic searches PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct that were limited to articles on human studies comparing the effect of Forsus appliance with a matched control group in the treatment of Class II malocclusion from the year (2000–2017). An additional manual search was carried out by examining the references of the included articles, SEARCH terms included; Forsus and Class II malocclusion. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the modified methodological score for clinical trials. The data were analyzed using Michael Borenstein's Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (V3.3.070, Biostat, Inc., US). RESULTS: Seven studies were included comprising 273 participants (Forsus group = 142; control group = 131). The results indicated a statistical significant skeletal effect of the Forsus appliance on increasing the occlusal plane only (P < 0.001). The results also indicated a statistical significant (P < 0.001) dentoalveolar effects of the Forsus appliance on the following outcomes; protruding, proclining, and intruding lower incisors; retroclining upper incisors, distalizing and intruding upper molars, as well as reducing overjet and overbite. CONCLUSIONS: The ForsusTM showed positive effects on the maxillary incisors and first molars as well as overjet and overbite. However, multiple negative effects were reported on the occlusal plane and lower incisors that need to be considered when using such appliance in treating Class II malocclusion.
A guide to automated apoptosis detection: How to make sense of imaging flow cytometry data

Imaging flow cytometry is a powerful experimental technique combining the strength of microscopy and flow cytometry to enable high-throughput characterization of cell populations on a detailed microscopic scale. This approach has an increasing importance for distinguishing between different cellular phenotypes such as proliferation, cell division and cell death. In the course of undergoing these different pathways, each cell is characterized by a high amount of properties. This makes it hard to filter the most relevant information for cell state discrimination. The traditional methods for cell state discrimination rely on dye based two-dimensional gating strategies ignoring information that is hidden in the high-dimensional property space. In order to make use of the information ignored by the traditional methods, we present a simple and efficient approach to distinguish biological states within a cell population based on machine learning techniques. We demonstrate the advantages and drawbacks of filter techniques combined with different classification schemes. These techniques are illustrated with two case studies of apoptosis detection in HeLa cells. Thereby we highlight (i) the aptitude of imaging flow cytometry regarding automated, label-free cell state discrimination and (ii) pitfalls that are frequently encountered. Additionally a MATLAB script is provided, which gives further insight regarding the computational work presented in this study.
Web User Interface of Hadoop Distributed File System

: Hadoop Distributed file systems forms the basis of those computing paradigms which implement network intensive frameworks. Among various available Distributed File Systems (DFS) Apache Hadoop implemented its own file system known as Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) which forms the basis of Hadoop. Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) is a distributed file system that stores data on commodity machines, providing very high aggregate bandwidth across the cluster. The main objective of this project is to make Hadoop Distribute File
White matter fiber tractography based on a directional diffusion field in diffusion tensor MRI

Diffusion tensor (DT) MRI provides the directional information of water molecular diffusion, which can be utilized to estimate the connectivity of white matter tract pathways in the human brain. Several white matter tractography methods have been developed to reconstruct the white matter fiber tracts using DT-MRI. With conventional methods (e.g., streamline techniques), however, it would be very difficult to trace the white matter tracts passing through the fiber crossing and branching regions due to the ambiguous directional information with the partial volume effect. The purpose of this study was to develop a new white matter tractography method which permits fiber tract branching and passing through crossing regions. Our tractography method is based on a three-dimensional (3D) directional diffusion function (DDF), which was defined by three eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors of DT in each voxel. The DDF-based tractography (DDFT) consists of the segmentation of white matter tract region and fiber tracking process. The white matter tract regions were segmented by thresholding the 3D directional diffusion field, which was generated by the DDF. In fiber tracking, the DDFT method estimated the local tract direction based on overlap of the DDFs instead of the principal eigenvector, which has been used in conventional methods, and reconstructed tract branching by means of a one-to-many relation model. To investigate the feasibility and usefulness of the DDFT method, we applied it to DT-MRI data of five normal subjects and seven patients with a brain tumor. With the DDFT method, the detailed anatomy of white matter tracts was depicted more appropriately than the conventional methods.
White matter hyperintensities and their subtypes in patients with carotid artery stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the association between white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and carotid artery (CA) stenosis. Study design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Participants CA stenosis was set at ≥50%, and WMHs were assessed by MRI and evaluated quantitatively or semiquantitatively. Data sources A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library for studies evaluating the association between WMHs and CA stenosis ≥50% from inception to 13 September 2017. Main outcomes and measures Standardised mean difference (SMD) with 95% CI was used to evaluate the association between WMHs and CA stenosis. Results were presented in a forest plot with a fixed-effects model or random-effects model. We assessed the quality of included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Funnel plots and Egger’s and Begg’s tests were conducted to assess publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of each individual study. Results Eight studies enrolling 677 patients were included. There was a positive relationship between the total WMHs and CA stenosis, with a pooled fixed-effects SMD of 0.326 (95% CI 0.194 to 0.459, p=0.000). Heterogeneity and publication bias were low among these studies. Subgroup analysis of three studies enrolling 225 patients showed an association between periventricular WMHs and CA stenosis, with a pooled fixed-effects SMD of 0.412 (95% CI 0.202 to 0.622, p=0.000). Conclusion This meta-analysis showed that the total WMHs and periventricular WMHs were associated with CA stenosis. WMHs may be considered as an individual risk stratification score when choosing a proper plan for therapy of CA stenosis.
Sidney Weintraub: the genesis of an economic heretic

What makes an established scholar question the foundations of his discipline, break with the great majority of his profession, and abandon a respected position in the scientific mainstream for the isolation and insecurity of the margins? What intellectual difficulties does such a heretic encounter, and how can they be overcome? These questions are posed very sharply by the career of Sidney Weintraub, who moved in the course of a few years after 1958 from being a distinguished practitioner of orthodox Keynesianismto become in effect the founder of Post Keynesian economics in the United States, suffering in the process a substantial drop in status, reputation, and influence. Born in Brooklyn in 1914, Weintraub' graduated from New York University, spending 1938-39 at the London School of Economics. Returning to the United States on the eve of the Second World War, he worked on his doctorate, on "Monopoly and the Economic System," which would have appeared as a book but for the untimely death of his prospective publisher in the war. Weintraub then entered the federal bureaucracy and subsequently enlisted in the army. After demobilization, he taught for several years at the (Catholic) St. John's University in New York before moving to the University of Pennsylvania in
Effects of extruded flaxseed on layer performance, nutrient retention and yolk fatty acid composition

ABSTRACT 1. This study was conducted to determine the effects of feeding an extruded flaxseed (EF) on layer performance, apparent total tract nutrient retention (ATTR) and egg yolk fatty acid concentrations. 2. Seventy-two White Leghorn laying hens (58-week-old; three per cage) were randomly allotted to one of four dietary treatments: 0%, 7.5%, 15.0% and 22.5% of EF-supplemented diets for 8 weeks. 3. Supplementation with EF had no effect on feed intake, egg production, feed conversion ratio and egg weight. Egg components (yolk, albumen and shell percentages) were similar among treatments, except that shell percentage was greater for layers fed 22.5% EF than those fed 7.5% and 15% EF. The ATTR of dry matter and organic matter were highest for 0% and 7.5% EF, intermediate for 15% EF and lowest for 22.5% EF. Similar reductions on ATTR of crude protein and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolisable energy were observed for layers fed 22.5% EF relative to those fed 0% or 7.5% EF. 4. Feeding EF at 7.5%, 15.0% and 22.5% of the diet markedly increased (by 92%, 198% and 271%, respectively) egg yolk concentrations of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and reduced saturated fatty acid and n-6 PUFA concentrations. 5. It was concluded that omega-3 labelled eggs (300 mg/60 g of egg) may be produced with low (7.5% of diet) levels of dietary EF without compromising egg production parameters. However, feeding moderate to high levels of EF (i.e. 15% and 22.5% EF) may reduce total tract nutrient and energy utilisation.
Combination Treatment of Icariin and L-DOPA Against 6-OHDA-Lesioned Dopamine Neurotoxicity

Until now, the dopamine (DA) precursor, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), remains the gold standard effective drug therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. Nevertheless, long-term chronic L-DOPA administration leads to the drug efficacy loss and severe adverse effects, such as L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). Icariin (ICA), a flavonoid that is extracted from Epimedium, has been proved to evoke neuroprotection against DA neuronal loss in PD animal models. Here, the present study detected the effects of ICA combined with L-DOPA on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-elicited DA neurotoxicity and L-DOPA-induced motor dysfunction as well. PC12 cells were applied to investigate the combination treatment of ICA and L-DOPA against 6-OHDA-lesioned neurotoxicity. In addition, rat substantia nigral stereotaxic injection of 6-OHDA-induced DA neuronal injury was performed to explore the neuroprotective effects mediated by ICA combined with L-DOPA. The pathological movement triggered by L-DOPA was determined by the abnormal involuntary movements (AIM) scores analysis. In PC12 cells, ICA combined with L-DOPA produced better neuroprotection from 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity than ICA or L-DOPA alone treatment. In parkinsonian 6-OHDA lesioned rats, ICA conferred DA neuroprotection as monotherapy and an enhancement benefit of L-DOPA treatment after daily administration of L-DOPA and ICA for 21 days. Moreover, ICA ameliorated the development of LID as evidenced by the lowered AIM scores without affecting L-DOPA-mediated efficacy. Furtherly, ICA attenuated neuroinflammation in 6-OHDA-induced DA neuronal loss and the development of LID in vivo. In conclusion, these findings suggest ICA might be a potential promising adjuvant to enhance L-DOPA efficacy and attenuate L-DOPA-produced adverse effects in PD.
Pharmacogenomics in Papua New Guineans: unique profiles and implications for enhancing drug efficacy while improving drug safety

Papua New Guinea (PNG) can be roughly divided into highland, coastal and island peoples with significant mitochondrial DNA differentiation reflecting early and recent distinct migrations from Africa and East Asia, respectively. Infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, malaria and HIV severely impact on the health of its peoples for which drug therapy is the major treatment and pharmacogenetics has clinical relevance for many of these drugs. Although there is generally little information about known single nucleotide polymorphisms in the population, in some instances, their frequencies have been shown to be higher than anywhere worldwide. For example, CYP2B6*6 is over 50%, and CYP2C19*2 and *3 are over 40 and 25%, respectively. Conversely, CYP2A6*9, 2B6*2, *3, *4 and *18, and 2C8*3 appear to be much lower than in Whites. CYP2D6 known variants are unclear, and for phase II enzymes, only UGT2B7 and UGT1A9 data are available, with variant frequencies either slightly lower than or similar to Whites. Although almost all PNG people tested are rapid acetylators, but which variant(s) define this phenotype is not known. For HLA-B*13:01, HLA-B*35:05 and HLA-C*04:01, the frequencies show some regioselectivity, but the clinical implications with respect to adverse drug reactions are not known. There are minimal phenotype data for the CYPs and nothing is known about drug transporter or receptor genetics. Determination of genetic variants that are rare in Whites or Asians but common in PNG people is a topic of both scientific and clinical importance, and further research needs to be carried out. Optimizing the safety and efficacy of infectious disease drug therapy through pharmacogenetic studies that have translation potential is a priority.
Acceleration and deceleration at constant speed: systematic modulation of motion perception by kinematic sonification

Many domains of human behavior are based on multisensory representations. Knowledge about the principles of multisensory integration is useful to configure real‐time movement information for the online support of perceptuomotor processes (motor perception, control, and learning). A powerful method for generating real‐time information is movement sonification. Remarkable evidence exists on movement‐acoustic real‐time information being effective in behavioral domains (music training, motor rehabilitation, sports). Here, we investigate whether and how biological motion perception can be enhanced, substituted, or modulated by kinematic sonification, with a focus on pitch coding. We work with gross motor cyclic movements and investigate the effectiveness of pitch scaling and consistent transposition on audiovisual motor perception accuracy (Experiment A). Beyond that, a new kind of audiovisual stimulus with inconsistent pitch transposition is used to produce a directed modulation of the integrated audiovisual percept (Experiment B). Results from Experiment A indicate pitch being powerful for mediating kinematic information to enhance motor perception and substituting information between perceptual modalities, even exceeding visual performance. Beyond these findings, results from Experiment B indicate that visual estimations of movement velocity can be enhanced or reduced auditorily. Movement sonification used for reshaping intermodal adjustments should be a powerful new tool for subconsciously shaping human movement patterns in the future.
Training Students’ Attitudes in Environmental Science Course Through Lesson Study

The core competences of Environmental Sciences are to communicate and to understand the concepts of natural resources and environment, to solve related problems, and to have an environmental awareness. An effective effort is needed to train the environmental awareness. The purposes of this research were to evaluate how to train the attitudes of biology education study program students in the second semester who were taking the environment knowledge lecture. This research was quantitative and qualitative interpretation research by observing the learning process of Biology education students through lesson study. The research stages consisted of plan, do, and see in two cycles. The collected data included the results of observation on the learning process by the observer, the lecturers’ assessment related to the skills and attitudes during the learning process, and the students’ self-assessment on their attitudes. The data were analyzed descriptively. The research revealed that the students learned actively, they cooperated within groups, the class cleanliness was an indicator of attitude to environmental awareness because the lecturers always reminded the students related to the indicators of keeping the environment clean and treating garbage, the learning resources used challenged the students to work and discuss. The students’ attitudes towards environmental awareness are categorized as good-very good, the results of the lecturers’ assessment of the attitudes are categorized as good, and results of the students’ presentation skills are categorized as good-very good.
Variation in origin of the long head of the biceps brachii tendon in a cadaver

Introduction: In general, the long head of the biceps brachii (LHB) tendon arises from the supraglenoid tubercle in the shoulder joint, and it has an important stabilizing mechanism for the humeral head in the shoulder joint. This case demonstrates that even if the LHB tendon can be palpated outside of the shoulder joint, it may disappear in the intertubercular sulcus (IS) and in the glenohumeral (GH) joint because of abnormal articulation. Patient concerns: This case involved the cadaver of an 82-year-old Japanese man (number 1936, cause of death: hepatocellular tumor), who was selected from the bodies used for gross anatomy practice at the Tokai University School of Medicine in 2017. Intervention: We removed the fat and skin around the shoulder joint for observational purposes and carefully examined the gross anatomy of the structures. Diagnosis: We suspected that the long head of the biceps brachii tendon arose from the lesser tubercle (LT) in the cadaver. In our case, it was found that the upper part of the subscapularis (SSC) tendon was torn first, and the succeeding degenerative changes and rupture of the LHB tendon were intra-articular. Outcomes: The long head of the biceps brachii tendon was found to be ruptured in the GH joint, and scar tissue developed between the distal stump of the tendon and the articular capsule, resulting in fusion with the LT. Conclusions: This case necessitates confirmation that the LHB tendon is present in the IS and in the GH joint to treat cases wherein failure of the dynamic stabilizing mechanism for the humeral head occurs.
Data Sharing through Multimedia Steganocryptic and Visual Cryptography System

: The Visual Cryptography Scheme (VCS) is a kind of secret sharing scheme that fixates on sharing secret images. The fundamental conception of the visual cryptography scheme is to split a secret image into number of desultory shares (printed on transparencies) which discretely reveals no information about the secret image other than the size of the secret image. The secret image can be reconstructed by stacking the portions. In the multimedia steganocryptic system, the message will first be encrypted utilizing public key encryption algorithm, and then this encrypted data will be obnubilated into an image file thus accomplishing both data encoding and obnubilating. The multimedia data will be acclimated to provide the cover for the information. Visual steganography is one of the most secure forms of steganography available today. It is most commonly implemented in image files. In this paper concept of visual cryptography is discussed which is an impeccably secure method of keeping images secret, for feasible use in biometric identification technique and auspice such as dactylogram images for the purpose of utilizer authentication along with sundry visual cryptography schemes as an literature review. This paper not only reviews how to apply sharing of single secrete image and multiple secrete image on ebony and white as well as on color images but withal a comparative analysis on sundry visual cryptography schemes is withal performed.
Azacitidine in the ‘real‐world’: an evaluation of 1101 higher‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome/low blast count acute myeloid leukaemia patients in Ontario, Canada

The outcome of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients with uniformly higher‐risk disease treated with azacitidine (AZA) in the ‘real‐world’ remains largely unknown. We evaluated 1101 consecutive higher‐risk MDS patients (International Prognostic Scoring System intermediate‐2/high) and low‐blast count acute myeloid leukaemia (AML; 21–30% blasts) patients treated in Ontario, Canada. By dosing schedule, 24·7% received AZA for seven consecutive days, 12·4% for six consecutive days and 62·9% by 5‐2‐2. Overall, median number of cycles was 6 (range 1–67) and 8 (range 6–14) when restricted to the 692 (63%) patients who received at least 4 cycles. The actuarial median survival was 11·6 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 10·7–12·4) for the entire cohort and 18·0 months (landmark analysis; 95% CI 16·6–19·1 months) for those receiving at least 4 cycles. There was no difference in overall survival (OS) between the 3 dosing schedules (P = 0·87). In our large ‘real‐world’ evaluation of AZA in higher‐risk MDS/low‐blast count AML, we demonstrated a lower than expected OS. Reassuringly, survival did not differ by dosing schedules. The OS was higher in the 2/3 of patients who received at least 4 cycles of treatment, reinforcing the necessity of sustained administration until therapeutic benefits are realised. This represents the largest ‘real‐world’ evaluation of AZA in higher‐risk MDS/low‐blast count AML.