Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diabetes mellitus in domestic cats: clinical cases from veterinary practice

The aim: to analyze clinical cases of diabetes mellitus in cats and establish the effectiveness of clinical and laboratory research and treatment of animals with the help of insulin therapy. Materials and methods. The material for the study were domestic cats admitted to the veterinary medicine clinic "Doctor Vet" (Lviv). Results. Clinical case 1. Cat Bonya, age 10 years, body weight 4 kg. symptoms: polyuria/polydipsia and weight loss. Examination: cachexia, weakness, pale mucous membranes, unsteady gait. Blood glucose - 20.4 mmol/l, urine analysis - pH=6.0, glucose ++++, no ketones detected. Diagnosis: diabetes. For glycemic control - caninsulin at 0.25 IU/kg every 12 hours. After the start of insulin therapy, the animal's condition improved, after 2 months - an attack of hypoglycemia, blood glucose 3.0 mmol/l. The introduction of insulin was stopped for 10 days, after 10 days the cat's appetite is normal, polyuria and polydipsia are not observed, body weight gain is 300 g, blood glucose without insulin therapy is 8.0 mmol/l. Clinical case 2. Cat Eva, age 12 years, body weight 6.7 kg, symptoms: polyuria/polydipsia during the last two weeks, increased appetite, diet - raw meat, meatballs, buckwheat porridge, boiled carrots, beets. Blood glucose 22.9 mmol/l, urine analysis – pH = 6.0, glucose ++++, ketones +. Diagnosis: diabetes. Treatment: Lantus 2 IU subcutaneously every 12 hours. After the start of insulin therapy, the condition improved, after 2 months, blood glucose was 9.00 - 13.0 mmol/l; 15.00 – 8.0 mmol/l, 21.00 – 12.0 mmol/l, glucose and ketones are absent in the urine. Conclusions. In the first clinical case, the cat there was a decrease in demand in insulin “Caninsulin” on the background of insulin therapy. In the second clinical case, insulin therapy with the help of "Lantus" insulin allows you to reach a level of glycemia at which diabetes stops progressing, the clinical condition of the animal normalizes, which indicates the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment. Thus, we can say that diabetes in small domestic animals is a rather severe endocrine pathology, which has typical clinical and laboratory symptoms and can be successfully treated with the help of a complex medical and diagnostic approach, based on insulin therapy
Electrocardiographic Time-Intervals Waveforms as Potential Predictors for Severe Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) and is frequently associated with poorer outcomes. Hence, if an indicator is available for predicting severe AKI within the first few hours of admission, management strategies can be put into place to improve outcomes. Materials and methods: This was a prospective, observational study, involving 63 critically ill patients, that aimed to explore the diagnostic accuracy of different Doppler parameters in predicting AKI in critically ill patients from a mixed ICU. Participants were enrolled at ICU admission. All underwent ultrasonographic examinations and hemodynamic assessment. Renal Doppler resistive index (RDRI), venous impedance index (VII), arterial systolic time intervals (a-STI), and venous systolic time intervals (v-STI) were measured within 2 h from ICU admission. Results: Cox proportional hazards models, including a-STI, v-STI, VII, and RDRI as independent variables, returned a-STI as the only putative predictor for the development of AKI or severe AKI. An overall statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed in the Kaplan–Meier plots for cumulative AKI events between patients with a-STI higher or equal than 0.37 and for cumulative severe AKI-3 between patients with a-STI higher or equal than 0.63. As assessed by the area under the receiver operating curves (ROC) curves, a-STI performed best in diagnosing any AKI and/or severe AKI-3. Positive correlations were found between a-STI and the N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-pro BNP) (ρ = 0.442, p < 0.001), the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (ρ: 0.361, p = 0.004), and baseline serum creatinine (ρ: 0.529, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Critically ill patients who developed AKI had statistically significant different a-STI (on admission to ICU), v-STI, and VII than those who did not. Moreover, a-STI was associated with the development of AKI at day 5 and provided the best diagnostic accuracy for the diagnosis of any AKI or severe AKI compared with RDRI, VII, and v-STI.
Bias Adjustment with Polychotomous Logistic Regression in Matched Case‐Control Studies with Two Control Groups

Relative risk estimation in case-control studies is based on the premise that the control group represents the underlying population. Often more than one control group is collected in order to minimize the possibility of accepting a false result. In this paper it is assumed that a case is matched individually to two different controls and that one control group may lack representativeness with respect to some risk factors. It is discussed whether this group may be used for relative risk estimation and a polychotomous logistic regression model is suggested in which these differences between the control groups are taken into account. A practical method for model search is given. Data of two case-control studies are used to demonstrate the method. In a simulation study its efficiency is investigated. Some computations illustrate the effect of ignoring a bias in one control group.
Local and regional determinants of phytoplankton communities in water reservoirs from the Cerrado biome

Abstract Aim Based on a study comprising water reservoirs within the Brazilian Cerrado biome, we seek to answer the following question: how does phytoplankton communities respond to environmental, landscape, and spatial predictors? We expected local predictors to be the main factors structuring the communities. Since phytoplankton has high dispersal capacity, the geographical distance would be of minor importance. Methods: We collected phytoplankton samples from 40 water reservoirs in the rainy season and 37 reservoirs in the dry season. We performed a partial Redundancy Analysis (pRDA) to evaluate the factors influencing the variation in the composition of phytoplankton communities. Results We found that spatially structured environmental factors were controlling phytoplankton communities at the rainy season, whereas landscape was the main predictor in the dry season. On the other hand, phytoplankton morphofunctional groups were influenced only by local predictors. Conclusions We demonstrated that phytoplankton dynamics differs between rainy and dry seasons, and that distinct predictors affect phytoplankton communities over seasons.
Variability of Volatile Oils Composition, Tannins, and Phenols from Campomanesia adamantium (CAMBESS.) O. Berg

Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae), known as "guabiroba-do-campo", is a native Cerrado shrub popularly used as anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, urinary tract antiseptics. The aims of this study were evaluate the seasonal variability of total phenols and tannins and chemical compounds of the volatile oils of C. adamantium leaves in a period of 12 months. The leaves and flowers were collected in Bela Vista, Goiás, Brazil. The volatile oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by GC/MS. The determination of total phenols and tannins was performed by the method of Hagerman and Butler. The major compounds of the leaves oils were γ-elemene, limonene, italicene epoxide, β-funebrene, bicyclogermacrene, linalool, and those of flower oil were sabinene, limonene, linalool, tricyclene and methyl salicylate. The total phenols content ranged from 3.75% to 9.56% and tannins content from 2.25% to 4.84%. It was concluded that the best period for collecting the leaves with the highest index phenols and tannins is the low rainfall. This work represents the first description of the seasonal variability of the essential oils, tannins and total phenols of C. adamantium collected in Bela Vista.
Contactless Human Respiratory Frequency Monitoring System Based on FMCW Radar

The COVID-19 virus pandemic (Coronavirus Disease 19) has become a hot topic of conversation due to this date. A disease that attacks the human respiratory system becomes a case of the spread of the disease that is increasing daily. The method for detecting the movement of the human chest usually uses a belt-shaped device attached to the chest to see the respiratory rate. However, chest-mounted use requires contact with other people and promotes less privacy and comfort due to such attachments. Radar systems are urgently needed as contactless devices to reduce the risk of spreading disease. The use of this radar is a Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) technique that can perform semi-real-time monitoring. A monitoring system designed to perform small calculations to detect small movements in chest breathing. This FMCW radar system research compares the RPM radar with manual calculations to get an error value of less than 5%. The results of testing the respiratory target dataset with radar detection obtained an average error value of 1.68%. The proposed research is aimed at the health sector on vital signs.
Cultural Knowledge in Context – People Aged 50 Years and Over Make Sense of a First Fracture and Osteoporosis

Catch a Break (CaB) is a secondary fracture prevention program that uses medical understandings of osteoporosis to assess first fractures and determine appropriateness for secondary fracture prevention. In this study, we interviewed CaB program participants to identify the understandings that patients themselves used to make sense of first fractures and the osteoporosis suggestion as cause. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with female and male participants of the CaB program in Canada. An interpretive practice approach was used to analyze the data. A random sample of 20 individuals, 12 women, and eight men all aged 50 years and over participated. First fractures were produced as meaningful in the context of osteoporosis only for seniors of very advanced age, and for people of any age with poor nutrition. The trauma events that led to a first fracture were produced as meaningful only if perceived as accidents, and having an active lifestyle was produced as beneficial only for mental health and well-being unrelated to osteoporosis. Cultural knowledge shapes, but does not determine, how individuals make sense of their health and illness experiences. Risk prevention program designers should include patients on the design team and be more aware of the presumptive knowledge used to identify individuals at risk of disease.
Stochastic modeling of plasma mode forecasting in tokamak

Abstract The structure of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes has always been an interesting study in tokamaks. The mode number of tokamak plasma is the most important parameter, which plays a vital role in MHD instabilities. If it could be predicted, then the time of exerting external fields, such as feedback fields and Resonance Helical Field, could be obtained. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average are useful models to predict stochastic processes. In this paper, we suggest using ARIMA model to forecast mode number. The ARIMA model shows correct mode number (m = 4) about 0.5 ms in IR-T1 tokamak and equations of Mirnov coil fluctuations are obtained. It is found that the recursive estimates of the ARIMA model parameters change as the plasma mode changes. A discriminator function has been proposed to determine plasma mode based on the recursive estimates of model parameters.
Towards an understanding of help‐seeking behaviour for disordered eating: Refinement of a barriers to help‐seeking measure

Early intervention in eating disorders (EDs) is hampered by a lack of validated measures of barriers to treatment seeking. The present study examined the factor structure of the Perceived Barriers to Psychological Treatment scale (PBPT) and a combination of PBPT and Barriers to Seeking Help for ED items (BATSH‐ED) with respect to treatment‐seeking for an ED.
Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 regulates fatty acid synthase lactylation and mediates treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Background and Aims: NAFLD has become a major metabolic disease worldwide. A few studies have reported the potential relationship between mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) and inflammation, fibrosis, and insulin sensitivity in obese or NASH mouse models. However, the impact of MPC1 on NAFLD-related liver lipid metabolism and its role in the NAFLD progression require further investigation. Approach and Results: MPC1 expression was measured in liver tissues from normal controls and patients with NAFLD. We characterized the metabolic phenotypes and expression of genes involved in hepatic lipid accumulation in MPC1 systemic heterozygous knockout (MPC1+/−) mice. Hepatic protein lactylation was detected using Tandem Mass Tags proteomics and verified by the overexpression of lactylation mutants in cells. Finally, the effect of MPC1 inhibition on liver inflammation was examined in mice and AML-12 cells. Here, we found that MPC1 expression was positively correlated to liver lipid deposition in patients with NAFLD. MPC1+/− mice fed with high-fat diet had reduced hepatic lipid accumulation but no change in the expression of lipid synthesis-related genes. MPC1 knockout affected the lactylation of several proteins, especially fatty acid synthase, through the regulation of lactate levels in hepatocytes. Lactylation at the K673 site of fatty acid synthase inhibited fatty acid synthase activity, which mediated the downregulation of liver lipid accumulation by MPC1. Moreover, although MPC1 knockout caused lactate accumulation, inflammation level was controlled because of mitochondrial protection and macrophage polarization. Conclusions: In NAFLD, MPC1 levels are positively correlated with hepatic lipid deposition; the enhanced lactylation at fatty acid synthase K673 site may be a downstream mechanism.
Persuasive features for patient engagement through mHealth applications in managing chronic conditions: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Patient engagement is currently considered the cornerstone of a revolution in healthcare for its positive impact on health outcomes, health behaviors and healthcare costs. Patient engagement is focused on personalized care to consumers through providing knowledge, skills and confidence. Mobile health (mHealth) applications are an innovative means to facilitate patient engagement. Nevertheless, the extent to which the current mHealth applications are designed to engage patients in managing their chronic diseases is unclear. This paper aims to identify the Persuasive System Design (PSD) features present in current mHealth applications that increased the engagement of patients with chronic diseases. This review also aims to identify patient engagement-related outcomes of these features. This paper conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to find relevant studies published from all years up to 2020 through six databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cinahl plus with full text, MEDLINE with full text, and Cochrane Library (Central register of controlled trials). The database search returned 4939 articles; after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the number of included articles for the final review was 13. A qualitative content analysis was performed to identify PSD model features and their patient engagement-related outcomes. The quality assessment has been done through the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for RCTs. The systematic literature review and meta-analysis identified eleven PSD features that can increase patient engagement through using mHealth applications. The identified PSD features have been shown to have various patient engagement-related outcomes. Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs) were combined with the identified PSD features. This paper identified persuasive features of mHealth application design that influence the engagement of patients with chronic diseases toward changing their behavior. The impact of these features is also analyzed in this review. The results show that an mHealth technology-mediated patient engagement model is needed.
ASSOCIATIONS OF THE SERUM ALBUMIN CONCENTRATION AND SEQUENTIAL ORGAN FAILURE ASSESSMENT SCORE AT DISCHARGE WITH 1-YEAR MORTALITY IN SEPSIS SURVIVORS: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

ABSTRACT Introduction: This study was performed to investigate the predictors of 1-year mortality at discharge in sepsis survivors. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of patients with sepsis and septic shock at a single center. Patients who survived hospitalization for sepsis or septic shock between January 2016 and December 2017 were included in this study. Age, sex, body mass index, laboratory results such as blood cell count, C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin levels, the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at the time of discharge and site of infection were compared between the survivors and nonsurvivors at 1 year postdischarge. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the predictors of 1-year mortality. Results: During the study period, 725 sepsis patients were included in the analysis, 64 (8.8%) of whom died within the first year. The nonsurvivors were older and had a lower body mass index and a higher SOFA score at discharge than the survivors (P < 0.05). Among the laboratory results at discharge, hemoglobin, platelet counts, and albumin concentrations were lower in the nonsurvivors than in the survivors, whereas CRP was higher in the nonsurvivors than in the survivors. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum albumin <2.5 mg/dL and SOFA score ≥2 at discharge were identified as independent prognostic factors for 1-year mortality (odds ratio, 2.616; 95% confidence interval, 1.437–4.751 for albumin <2.5 mg/dL and 2.106, 1.199–3.801 for SOFA score ≥2, respectively). Conclusions: A low serum albumin concentration of <2.5 mg/dL and a high SOFA score of ≥2 at the time of discharge were prognostic factors for 1-year mortality in survivors of sepsis.
Intersectionality of Socioecological Factors Associated With Cognitive Function Among Older Women With HIV in the United States: A Structural Equation Model Analysis Using Data From the Women's Interagency HIV Study

Abstract Increased life expectancy of people with HIV has health implications including the intersection of the long-term use of antiretroviral treatment, inflammatory events, and age-related immunosenescence. In a cross-sectional study utilizing using the Socio-Eecological Model, we identified pathways of cognitive function (CF) among 448 women with HIV, 50 years and older. A structural equation model showed the direct effects of mood (β = −0.25, p < .01), comorbidities (β = −-0.13, p < .05), race (β = −-0.13, p < .05), and abuse (β = 0.27, p < .001) on the latent variable CF. Substance and alcohol use, depressive symptoms, cigarette smoking, and the number of comorbidities are important considerations when designing interventions utilizing using a multi-level and intersectional lens to maximize positive CF outcomes.
Maternal prenatal psychological distress and motor/cognitive development in two-year-old offspring: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study

Abstract Maternal prenatal psychological distress, including depression and anxiety, may affect offspring’s motor/cognitive development. However, research findings have been inconsistent. We used a dataset from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study to evaluate associations between maternal six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) scores and motor/cognitive development among offspring at two years of age. Their offspring’s motor/cognitive development was assessed using the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development 2001. Records for 1859 male and 1817 female offspring were analyzed. The maternal K6 was administered twice during pregnancy: at a median of 14.6 weeks (M-T1) and 27.3 weeks (M-T2) of gestation. Multiple regression analysis was performed with the group with K6 scores ≤4 at both M-T1 and M-T2 as a reference. In the group with K6 scores ≥5 at both M-T1 and M-T2, male offspring had significantly lower developmental quotients (DQ) in the posture-motor area (partial regression coefficient [B]: −3.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −5.92 to −1.44) and language-social area (B: −1.93; 95%CI: −3.73 to −0.12), while female offspring had a lower DQ for the language-social area (B: −1.95; 95%CI: −3.73 to −0.17). In those with K6 scores ≥5 only at M-T1 or M-T2, male and female offspring did not differ significantly in DQ for any area. Continuous maternal psychological distress from the first to the second half of pregnancy was associated with lower motor and verbal cognitive development in male offspring and lower verbal cognitive development in female offspring at 2 years compared with the group without persistent maternal prenatal psychological distress.
Efficiency of the Sample Mean when Residuals Follow a First-Order Stationary Markoff Process

Abstract The efficiency of the sample mean relative to the “best” linear unbiased estimator when residuals follow a first-order stationary Markoff process is studied. The minimum efficiency for correlation ρ ≧ 0 occurs at the unique root of a certain equation depending on the sample size n and decreases monotonically in n toward the value . 878 obtained by Ylvisaker in the continuous case. It is tabulated for selected n ≦ 300, together with the value of p at which the minimum is achieved.
Assessment of the Tribological Performance of Bio-Based Lubricants Using Analysis of Variance

The purpose of this article is to determine the coefficient of friction of a DC04 steel sheet using a specially designed flat-die strip drawing test. Four different bio-based lubricants, edible (sunflower and rape-seed) and non-edible (karanja and moringa) were used in the study. The experiments were carried out for different contact pressure values. The as‐received specimens were pre‐strained with strains of 7, 14, and 21%. The values of the coefficient of friction as a ratio of the friction force to the normal force were determined. The influence of the viscosity of the lubricant and the contact pressure on the value of the coefficient of friction has been investigated using ANOVA. A tendency to a decrease in the coefficient of friction with increasing contact pressure was observed. Significance results obtained after the ANOVA analysis confirmed the influence of normal pressure and oil viscosity on the value of the coefficient of friction. At the same time, the hypothesis about the influence of the sheet pre-straining on the value of the coefficient of friction was not confirmed by the significant interactions.