Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Next-Generation Proteomics of Brain Extracellular Vesicles in Schizophrenia Provide New Clues on the Altered Molecular Connectome

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tiny membranous structures that mediate intercellular communication. The role(s) of these vesicles have been widely investigated in the context of neurological diseases; however, their potential implications in the neuropathology subjacent to human psychiatric disorders remain mostly unknown. Here, by using next-generation discovery-driven proteomics, we investigate the potential role(s) of brain EVs (bEVs) in schizophrenia (SZ) by analyzing these vesicles from the three post-mortem anatomical brain regions: the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HC), and caudate (CAU). The results obtained indicate that bEVs from SZ-affected brains contain region-specific proteins that are associated with abnormal GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission. Similarly, these vesicles from the analyzed regions were implicated in synaptic decay, abnormal brain immunity, neuron structural imbalances, and impaired cell homeostasis. Our findings also provide evidence, for the first time, that networks of molecular exchange (involving the PFC, HC, and CAU) are potentially active and mediated by EVs in non-diseased brains. Additionally, these bEV-mediated networks seem to have become partially reversed and largely disrupted in the brains of subjects affected by SZ. Taken as a whole, these results open the door to the uncovering of new biological markers and therapeutic targets, based on the compositions of bEVs, for the benefit of patients affected by SZ and related psychotic disorders.
Analysis and Comparison of Machine Learning Techniques for DDoS Attack Classification in Network Environments

This research presents a comparative analysis of machine learning techniques for classifying Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks within network traffic. We evaluated the performance of three algorithms: Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Random Forest, including their scaled-feature counterparts. The study utilized a robust methodology incorporating advanced data preprocessing, feature engineering, and Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) to address class imbalance. The models were rigorously tested using a cross-validation framework, assessing their accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Results indicated that the Random Forest algorithm outperformed the others, demonstrating superior predictive accuracy and consistency, albeit with higher computational costs. Logistic Regression, when feature-scaled, showed significant improvement in performance, highlighting the importance of data normalization in models sensitive to feature scaling. Decision Trees provided a quick and interpretable model, though slightly less accurate than the Random Forest. The research findings highlight the trade-offs between predictive performance and computational efficiency in selecting machine learning models for cybersecurity applications. The study contributes to the cybersecurity domain by elucidating the efficacy of ensemble techniques in DDoS attack classification and underscores the potential for model improvement through scaling and data balancing.
Three-dimensional target detection algorithm for dangerous goods in CT security inspection

In this paper, a 3D dangerous goods detection method based on RetinaNet is proposed. This method uses the bidirectional feature pyramid network structure of RetinaNet to extract multi-scale features from point cloud data and trains the system using Focal Loss function to achieve fast and accurate detection of dangerous goods. In addition, in order to improve the detection accuracy, this paper also introduces the 3D region proposal network (3D RPN) and nonmaximum suppression (NMS) algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed method performs well on our self-built CT dataset, with high accuracy and low false positive rate, and is suitable for dangerous goods detection tasks in practical scenarios.
DEVELOPMENT OF GRANULAR COMPOSITES BASED ON LAPONITE AND Zr/Fe-ALGINATE FOR EFFECTIVE REMOVAL OF URANIUM (VI) FROM SULFATE SOLUTIONS

presence in sulfate solutions on their sorption characteristics has been demonstrated. The maximum adsorption capacity reaches 265.1 µmol/g at pH 6. It is shown that an elevated electrolyte content positively affects the efficiency of uranium (VI) removal in neutral and alkaline medium. It has been established that structural changes in the materials occur due to the intensive interaction of iron ions and alginate molecules, resulting in the formation of a dense gel-like structure. The mechanism of uranium (VI) removal is associated with the formation of surface complexes in the presence of electrolytes. The synthesized granulated composites exhibit improved removal efficiency of uranium (VI) under conditions of high mineralization of solutions, making them attractive for potential use as sorbents. The obtained results can be utilized in the development of effective methods for purifying water environments from uranium (VI) in high mineralization conditions, which is a relevant issue in the field of nuclear energy and the removal of radioactive substances from water
Opinion convergence versus polarization: examining opinion distributions in online word‐of‐mouth

We examine how opinion distributions (i.e., opinion polarization and convergence over time) differ across product salient platforms (product platforms) versus product non‐salient platforms (non‐product platforms). Drawing on the theory of impression management, we hypothesize and explain when and why consumers choose to post their comments on different platforms, and how their behavior will be affected when they choose to post on online platforms. To test the hypotheses, we collected and text‐mined online posts from product platforms such as review aggregator sites, discussion forums, and consumer rating websites, and non‐product platforms such as microblogs. The results showed that product platforms have more polarized opinions, and exhibit more convergence in opinion across time, compared with non‐product platforms. Our findings advise researchers and practitioners to pay attention to the characteristics of online platforms, and how users' perceptions of the purpose of the online platform may affect their online posting behavior.
Increasing Chip-to-Substrate Spacing Using in Capped SnPb Pillars as Flip Chip Interconnects for Physical Isolation in Superconducting Applications

This work introduces a superconducting interconnect structure consisting of SnPb pillars capped with In to achieve a greater bonding gap between a flip chip and bottom substrate while maintaining a superconducting path. The performance of these new interconnects is demonstrated through electrical characterizations of daisy chain structures at cryogenic temperatures. A 5 mm × 5 mm chip contains six daisy chains totaling 1156 interconnects with a pillar diameter of 50 µm, a pitch of 150 µm, and a pillar height of $\sim$50 µm. These pillars can be used as a design tool to mitigate interactions with the bottom substrate dielectrics as well as designing an application dependent capacitance between signals in quantum systems.
Conceptualizing parenthood: American newspaper discourse analysis

This study aims to elucidate the metaphorical representations of the concept PARENT within American media discourse. By analyzing the conceptual metaphors employed in newspaper discourse, we seek to reconstruct the metaphorically derived understanding of parenthood within English-speaking community. These conceptual metaphors, crafted by media presenters, exert a profound influence on the societal comprehension of this concept, both directly and indirectly. The study draws upon the Conceptual Metaphor theory, Conceptual Integration theory, and Discourse analysis. Within the scope of our investigation, the target domain PARENT encompasses four primary source domains: DUTIES, DIFFICULTIES, OWNER, and BURDEN. Our emphasis lies in scrutinizing the cross-domain mappings, which delineate systematic correspondences between the target and source domains. We investigate novel conceptualizations that emerge from conventional metaphoric patterns, employing cognitive mechanisms such as extension, elaboration, questioning, and combination. We also explore the conceptual blends and emergent structures that introduce additional layers of interpretation of being a parent. They are elucidated using Conceptual Integration Networks, specifically double- and multiple-scope models. Our analysis has unveiled the existence of four metaphorical clusters, each providing unique perspectives on how parenthood is conceptualized within the newspaper discourse.
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Analogs as a Potential Molecular Biology Reagent

In this study, we review the properties of three anionic detergents, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Sarkosyl, and sodium lauroylglutamate (SLG), as they play a critical role in molecular biology research. SDS is widely used in electrophoresis and cell lysis for proteomics. Sarkosyl and, more frequently, SDS are used for the characterization of neuropathological protein fibrils and the solubilization of proteins. Many amyloid fibrils are resistant to SDS or Sarkosyl to different degrees and, thus, can be readily isolated from detergent-sensitive proteins. SLG is milder than the above two detergents and has been used in the solubilization and refolding of proteins isolated from inclusion bodies. Here, we show that both Sarkosyl and SLG have been used for protein refolding, that the effects of SLG on the native protein structure are weaker for SLG, and that SLG readily dissociates from the native proteins. We propose that SLG may be effective in cell lysis for functional proteomics due to no or weaker binding of SLG to the native proteins.
Sedimentary Characteristics and Basin Evolution of a Compartmentalized Foreland Basin—Internal Ionian Zone, Western Greece

This study is based on the detailed sedimentological analysis of eleven sections and one well through the late Eocene–Oligocene flysch formation of the Internal Ionian Zone (IIZ) in Western Greece. The sections are spread from the northern parts of Epirus to the north and Aitolokarnania to the south. Sedimentological data combined with biostratigraphic analyses resulted in a five-stage evolutionary model for the basin. Unit I corresponds to the lower part of the examined sections, indicating the onset of clastic sedimentation. Regarding depositional environments, it is regarded as a basin plain where lobe distal fringe accumulations occur. Unit II consists almost exclusively of heterolithic facies, marking the advance of a lobe complex system. Massive sandstone facies dominate unit III and can be considered a more proximal submarine fan system. Unit IV reflects a calm period of the basin, where mud-dominated heterolithics and hemipelagic mudstones were deposited. Hemipelagic mudstone facies with intervals of heterolithics, conglomerates, and deformed and massive sandstone facies characterize unit V. The architecture resembles a slope system incised by canyons and channels. The sand-rich intervals in Units III and V could act as the most favorable reservoir levels. In contrast, the sand-rich intervals in Unit II are considered less promising due to their higher heterogeneity.
Combined biological and chemical-physical processes for domestic wastewater treatment

The present study aims to investigate the possibility of domestic wastewater treatment using biological system combined with chemical-physical processes, including Upflow Sludge Blanket Filtration (USBF) technology and PolyAluminium Chloride (PAC). Experimental results showed that the added PAC content played an essential role in improving the treatment efficiency and reached National Technical Regulation on domestic wastewater QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT (Column A) for BOD5. With Jar-test results, the optimal pH of 7.0 and the PAC dosage of 170 mg/L were recorded with the highest removal efficiencies for suspended solids and organic matter. In the modified USBF bioreactor, the findings illustrated the pollutant removal efficiencies such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Suspended Solids (SS) were equal to 96.2 ± 1.4%, 85.8 ± 4.4% and 99.3 ± 2.1%, respectively. In the future, this USBF-based advanced technology has the potential to play a significant role in addressing water scarcity through wastewater reclamation and reuse.
Communicating Risks and Food Procedures through a Visual Poster for Caregivers of Patients with Dysphagia in Inpatient Care: Usability and Impact

Food-related procedures are a part of rehabilitation interventions for dysphagia. However, studies show that professional-caregiver communication is often lacking in dysphagia, risking caregivers’ knowledge, understanding, and practice of those procedures, with negative consequences for patient safety and rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate caregivers’ perspectives about the utility of a poster designed to communicate dysphagia-related risks and food procedures for caregivers of patients in inpatient care. The impact of caregivers’ exposure to the poster on patients’ dysphagia-related health was additionally explored. The poster was placed by the beds of a randomly assigned group of patients (n = 21). Their caregivers responded to a questionnaire about the poster’s utility. In addition, to explore whether the caregiver exposure to the poster could already have some effect on patient dysphagia-related health, patient risk of aspiration, food swallowing capacity, nutritional status, and oral cavity health were assessed before and one month after placement of the poster, and the poster-exposed group was compared with a (randomly-assigned) non-exposed group (n = 21). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and generalized linear models based on analyses of covariance. All caregivers across various education levels reported noticing, reading, and understanding the poster (100%). Nearly all reported that the poster added new information to their knowledge (17 out of 21). In the additional analysis, the patients in the poster-exposed group showed greater improvements in the health outcomes, compared with the non-exposed group, although the effects were statistically non-significant within this study’s one-month period. A poster with pictorial information was effective in increasing awareness about dysphagia-specific information among caregivers of patients in inpatient care and can be used as an augmentative means of information, with potential benefits for patient safety and rehabilitation.
The Setup for the “Visual Pigment 544” Researches Based on Contact Interferometer (Uverskii, 1958-1969) with λ=544 nm

“Visual pigment 544” as a presumptive cone pigment from the retina is well known from 1960th. Spectral maximum for M-type cones is ≈ 544 nm. Therefore, it is rational to implement a spectral and electrophysiological measurement system for visual science with the possibility of using a 544 nm wavelength. We propose to use a contact interferometer (for example, classical Uverskii-type interferometer with a 544 nm filter) for this purpose. Contact interferometers have been a classic research and quality control tool since the 1960s. Currently, they are equipped with computer vision systems with CMOS cameras and software for automated image analysis.
Soils Their Formation Classification And Distribution

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MAPK and PI3K/Akt Signalling Pathways Potentially Modulate the Enhancing Effect of Black Tea Extracts on Endo180 Expression and Collagen Internalisation

As the skin ages, collagen denatures into fragments that accumulate in the dermal matrix. Endo180 allows these fragments to reenter cells and be used for collagen recombination. While several studies have reported on the efficacy of green tea on skin health, studies on black tea have been limited. The aim of this study was to reveal the effects of black tea on skin health and the associated mechanisms. We estimated collagen internalisation using fluorescence-labelled gelatin and measured Endo180 expression following treatment with black tea extract (BTE). BTE at a concentration of 10 ug/ml increased Endo180 mRNA and protein expression by 1.67-fold p=0.006 and 1.46-fold p=0.010, respectively. In addition, collagen internalisation was increased by 1.29-fold p=0.001 in human skin fibroblasts compared with the untreated control group. These effects were reversed by five inhibitors of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathways to the same levels as those of the untreated control group. These results suggest that BTE enhances collagen internalisation and upregulates Endo180 expression via the MAPK and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways in HDFs and that black tea could be used as a functional food for improving skin health.
Energy Harvesting Technology Research

The energy harvesting technology which obtains the energy from the external environment to power the micro electronic system indirectly is becoming a hot and promising research topic. The paper deals with the concept and classification of the energy harvesting technology. Firstly, the permanent portable power sources for advanced micro electronic devices are discussed, such as the energy coming from the sun, the wind, the wave, the fluid, the thermic heat, and the electromagnetic wave electromagnetic field. Then, the energy harvesting principles and the characterization are described, and the typical devices designed recent years are introduced.
INITIATIVE PROSPECTIVE AGRICOLE ET RURALE Agricultural household resilience strategies against climatic and health shocks: Drought and Covid-19 in the Niayes area of Senegal

Agriculture employs the poorest populations in developing countries and must ensure food security in a continent marked by a high prevalence of famine. However, it is one of the most vulnerable sectors to shocks. This article studies the behaviour of farmers facing drought and Covid-19 in Senegal. More precisely, we seek to highlight the effectiveness of two endogenous resilience strategies (off-farm activities and farm good sales) and an exogenous resilience strategy (accessing government and/or NGO support) applied by farmers who suffered from drought as the most severe shock during the 2017-2018 agricultural campaign. We then further analyse the resilience strategies put in place by food system actors in the Niayes area to cope with the negative effects of Covid-19 and associated policy restrictions. The results show that endogenous resilience strategies were less effective than exogenous strategies in coping with both drought and Covid-19. For drought, off-farm activities appear effective when applied as a secondary resilience strategy to complement another resilience method. However, the sale of farm assets made it difficult for farmers to cope with the drought – indeed; this strategy reduces the production capacity of farmers and can cause a decline in farm income. When it comes to the Covid-19 shock, the resilience strategies adopted were very diverse, depending on the main source of revenue but also on the farm’s spatial location and socio-demographic characteristics. Overall, however, based on these results, government and NGO support appears to have most effectively enabled farmers to adapt to climate shocks, and these supports also helped farmers during the Covid-19 pandemic, especially the most vulnerable.
MELHORAMENTO DO CAFEEIRO

SUMMARY In the course of the coffee breeding project carried out at the Instituto Agronomico, outstanding progenies have been derived from mother plants selected by either of the two following methods; a) before selection, individual yield is recorded for a number of years begining with the first crop, and b) selection of mother plants is made on the basis of vegetative vigor and the crop they have at the time of selection, regardless of their previous yields. Yield data and other observations presented in this paper refer to a group of progenies derived from plants selected according to the second method. With open pollinated seeds collected the from best plants found in 1943 in a private coffee plantation at Urupes County, (formerly Mundo Novo) State of Sao Paulo several progenies were planted at the Experiment Stations of Campinas, Pindorama, Jau and Mococa, with different types of soils. The original coffee plantation of Urupes had been formed with seeds collected in Mineiros do Tiete County, in a farm nearby the place where the so called Sumatra coffee (Coffea arabica var. typica) was first planted after it was privately imported from the island of Sumatra at the end of the last century. This is probably the reason why the Mundo Novo coffee, as it is called nowadays, was formerly named Sumatra de Mundo Novo.
Comparative research on path planning algorithms for autonomous mobile robots based on ROS

The application of autonomous mobile robots is becoming more and more extensive. Path planning is one of the core problems, and the advantages and disadvantages of path planning algorithms directly affect the movement performance of robots. This paper aims to compare the path planning performance of autonomous mobile robots based on the ROS platform using multiple algorithms such as A*, Dijkstra, RRT, PRM, including path length, execution time and stability of robot posture through experiments. The results show that the PRM algorithm generally performs well in planning efficient and stable robot paths
Cesarean Scar Pregnancy: A Tertiary Care Center Experience

Objectives: To describe the management and treatment outcomes of cesarean scar pregnancies diagnosed in a tertiary care center. Methods: This study retrospectively described all cases of cesarean scar pregnancy diagnosed and managed at a tertiary care center over a 3-year period. Maternal demographics, clinical presentation, treatment methods, and outcomes were all included in the analysis. Results: uring the study period, 5 cases of cesarean scar pregnancy were diagnosed and managed. The median gestational age at diagnosis was 8 weeks, and all fetuses had positive cardiac activity. All cases were initially treated with systemic intramuscular (IM) methotrexate (MTX), but only one case responded well due to fetal bradycardia present prior to treatment. One patient received further management with transvaginal intracardiac potassium chloride (KCL) injection, which resulted in maternal sepsis, hemorrhage, and ICU admission. The other 3 cases were managed by transabdominal intra-gestational sac MTX +/- KCL and showed good clinical response. Two of these cases required an interval dilation & curettage (D&C) due to persistent vaginal spotting with no complications. Conclusions: It is recommended to avoid using systemic IM MTX as the first-line treatment for scar pregnancy unless the pregnancy is failing or non-viable. Intra-gestational sac treatment may cause persistent retained products of conception, leading to bothersome vaginal spotting. An interval ultrasound guided D&C appears to be safe for managing this complication, but the exact interval needs to be determined through further studies. Sepsis is a rare complication of invasive medical treatment, and close surveillance is advised.