Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Malicious Advertising Detection Scheme Based on the Depth of URL Strategy

With the development of the Internet, Web advertisements are increasingly used for illegal purposes such as propagating malware, scamming, click frauds etc. To detect these attacks, according to the characteristics of the malicious advertising attacks, we propose a detection scheme based on the depth of the URL strategy. Our scheme builds on the basis of Nutch and Modsecurity, which they are the famous open source software. By improving the Nutch we can obtain all suspicious URL from the website, then improve the Modsecurity response filtering part and deploy in the client to filter the suspicious response. We put this scheme compared with 360 secured browser in detecting malicious advertising, which is an effective tool to detect malicious advertising attacks for the Chinese website. The results show that this scheme is more effective in detecting malvertising cases.
Ribonucleoprotein-dependent localization of the yeast class V myosin Myo4p

Class V myosins are motor proteins with functions in vesicle transport, organelle segregation, and RNA localization. Although they have been extensively studied, only little is known about the regulation of their spatial distribution. Here we demonstrate that a GFP fusion protein of the budding yeast class V myosin Myo4p accumulates at the bud cortex and is a component of highly dynamic cortical particles. Bud-specific enrichment depends on Myo4p's association with its cargo, a ribonucleoprotein complex containing the RNA-binding protein She2p. Cortical accumulation of Myo4p at the bud tip can be explained by a transient retention mechanism that requires SHE2 and, apparently, localized mRNAs bound to She2p. A mutant She2 protein that is unable to recognize its cognate target mRNA, ASH1, fails to localize Myo4p. Mutant She2p accumulates inside the nucleus, indicating that She2p shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm and is exported in an RNA-dependent manner. Consistently, inhibition of nuclear mRNA export results in nuclear accumulation of She2p and cytoplasmic Myo4p mislocalization. Loss of She2p can be complemented by direct targeting of a heterologous lacZ mRNA to a complex of Myo4p and its associated adaptor She3p, suggesting that She2p's function in Myo4p targeting is to link an mRNA to the motor complex.
Platform 2012, a many-core computing accelerator for embedded SoCs: Performance evaluation of visual analytics applications

P2012 is an area- and power-efficient many-core computing accelerator based on multiple globally asynchronous, locally synchronous processor clusters. Each cluster features up to 16 processors with independent instruction streams sharing a multi-banked one-cycle access L1 data memory, a multi-channel DMA engine and specialized hardware for synchronization and aggressive power management. P2012 is 3D stacking ready and can be customized to achieve extreme area and energy efficiency by adding domain-specific HW IPs to the cluster. The first P2012 SoC prototype in 28nm CMOS will sample in Q3, featuring four 16-processor clusters, a 1MB L2 memory and delivering 80GOPS (with 32 bit single precision floating point support) in 18mm2 with 2W power consumption (worst-case). P2012 can run standard OpenCL™ and proprietary Native Programming Model SW components to achieve the highest level of control on application-to-resource mapping. A dedicated version of the OpenCV vision library is provided in the P2012 SW Development Kit to enable visual analytics acceleration. This paper will discuss preliminary performance measurements of common feature extraction and tracking algorithms, parallelized on P2012, versus sequential execution on ARM CPUs.
Why Do Some Find it Hard to Disagree? An fMRI Study

People often find it hard to disagree with others, but how this disposition varies across individuals or how it is influenced by social factors like other people's level of expertise remains little understood. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we found that activity across a network of brain areas [comprising posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC), anterior insula (AI), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), lateral orbitofrontal cortex, and angular gyrus] was modulated by individual differences in the frequency with which participants actively disagreed with statements made by others. Specifically, participants who disagreed less frequently exhibited greater brain activation in these areas when they actually disagreed. Given the role of this network in cognitive dissonance, our results suggest that some participants had more trouble disagreeing due to a heightened cognitive dissonance response. Contrary to expectation, the level of expertise (high or low) had no effect on behavior or brain activity.
The experiences of multi-stressed parents who have encountered child protection services

The current neoliberal political narrative has positioned families experiencing multiple stressors and struggling against adversity as responsible for their difficulties, making poor choices and avoiding opportunities to change their lives. Mothers are especially blamed and held responsible for maltreatment of their children, within a framework of child protection. A Grounded Theory approach is used to explore the experiences of mothers who have been through intensive family support programmes as part of the ‘Troubled Families’ initiative. The women describe how they have had little control over their lives, experienced abuse in most of their significant relationships, and end up ‘broken’, losing all sense of self. They shut down and feel intense shame, leading to mental health problems and substance misuse. This is on a background of coping with poverty and inequality, creating immense daily stress. They find strength through their relationships with their children, suggesting removal of them may be detrimental.
Pain Relief in the Sickle-Cell Crisis: Intravenous Morphine Versus Ketorolac; A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a congenital hemoglobinopathy. A low Hb level and high hemoglobin-to-hematocrit ratio may lead to the vaso-occlusive crisis in patients, for the management of which hyperbaric oxygen, hydration, and pain relief therapy are proposed. Objectives: In this study, we sought to compare the effects of morphine and ketorolac on relieving painful sickle cell crisis. Methods: In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, we recruited 92 SCD patients who referred to the Emergency Department of a university-affiliated hospital, in Mashhad, Iran, from December 2016 to May 2017. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups of ketorolac and morphine injections for relieving pain crisis according to the clinical conditions of the patients. Pain severity was measured by the visual analogue scale before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: A total of 92 SCD patients were evaluated, while, 19 (21%) were female and 73 (79%) were male, with the mean age of 20.77 ± 8.6 years. At the pre-injection phase, the mean pain scores were 9.1 ± 0.4 and 9.1 ± 0.7 in the ketorolac and morphine groups, respectively. After the intervention, the mean pain scores were 3.7 ± 1.2 and 4.9 ± 2.1 in the ketorolac and morphine groups, respectively. A significant association was found between the pain score after drug injection and the administered drug (P = 0.006). Conclusions: The management of pain crisis with ketorolac injection yielded the same results as the morphine injection in SCD patients. However, ketorolac was found to be associated with fewer side effects than morphine; thus, it can be beneficial for managing SCD patients suffering pain crisis.
How universal is good design for older users?

This paper attempts to illustrate the way in which multiple considerations influence interface design decisions when designing for older users. The arguments are supported by examination of issues that arose during the design of a successful email system for older users. The point is also made that while the interface design decisions made in the example do assist older users, they limit the power of an application to serve younger, more able and more demanding users. The argument is made that while it is possible to increase accessibility, the most obvious ways of doing this limit the universality of the resulting application.
Sequential Phosphorylation Mediates Receptor- and Kinase-induced Inhibition of TREK-1 Background Potassium Channels*

Background potassium channels determine membrane potential and input resistance and serve as prominent effectors for modulatory regulation of cellular excitability. TREK-1 is a two-pore domain background K+ channel (KCNK2, K2P2.1) that is sensitive to a variety of physicochemical and humoral factors. In this work, we used a recombinant expression system to show that activation of Gαq-coupled receptors leads to inhibition of TREK-1 channels via protein kinase C (PKC), and we identified a critical phosphorylation site in a key regulatory domain that mediates inhibition of the channel. In HEK 293 cells co-expressing TREK-1 and either the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor (TRHR1) or the Orexin receptor (Orx1R), agonist stimulation induced robust channel inhibition that was suppressed by a bisindolylmaleimide PKC inhibitor but not by a protein kinase A blocker ((Rp)-cAMP-S). Channel inhibition by agonists or by direct activators of PKC (phorbol dibutyrate) and PKA (forskolin) was disrupted not only by alanine or aspartate mutations at an identified PKA site (Ser-333) in the C terminus, but also at a more proximal regulatory site in the cytoplasmic C terminus (Ser-300); S333A and S300A mutations enhanced basal TREK-1 current, whereas S333D and S300D substitutions mimicked phosphorylation and strongly diminished currents. When studied in combination, TREK-1 current density was enhanced in S300A/S333D but reduced in S300D/S333A mutant channels. Channel mutants were expressed and appropriately targeted to cell membranes. Together, these data support a sequential phosphorylation model in which receptor-induced kinase activation drives modification at Ser-333 that enables subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-300 to inhibit TREK-1 channel activity.
ADAS safety impacts on rural and urban highways

Compared to the motorway network, rural and urban roads are very unsafe. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems can be used to increase traffic safety, thereby improving the conditions for effective deployment of the underlying network for integrated traffic management. In this study, we have identified ADA systems that are expected to have a high impact on traffic safety by coupling characteristics of accidents to the functionality of different ADA systems. Based on the results of this study, Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) and Intersection Crash Avoidance systems appeared most likely to substantially improve the safety on non-motorway roads. ISA was selected for further analysis due to the likelihood of timely deployment of the system. Microscopic simulation model was used to quantify the impacts on traffic safety for an urban highway with controlled intersections near the Dutch city of Delft. Depending on the penetration level, the results of the simulation study showed that the decrease in the total number of accidents ranges from 4% to 19%.
Verifying pronunciation accuracy from speakers with neuromuscular disorders

This paper presents a study of confidence measure based techniques for detecting phoneme level mispronunciations in utterances from impaired children with neuromuscular disorders. Several different adaptation scenarios are investigated to determine the effects of mismatched speaker characteristics and mismatched task domain on the ability to verify the phoneme level pronunciations. These techniques are evaluated in the context of a speech corpus where utterances were elicited from children in interactive speech therapy sessions involving a multimodal game-like environment. Results are presented in terms of phone detection charateristics where, for example, equal error rates of as low as 16.2% were obtained for detecting instances where phonemes were deleted by impaired speakers.
An Evolutionary-Based Framework for Analyzing Mold and Dampness-Associated Symptoms in DMHS

Among potential environmental harmful factors, fungi deserve special consideration. Their intrinsic ability to actively germinate or infect host tissues might determine a prominent trigger in host defense mechanisms. With the appearance of fungi in evolutionary history, other organisms had to evolve strategies to recognize and cope with them. Existing controversies around dampness and mold hypersensitivity syndrome (DMHS) can be due to the great variability of clinical symptoms but also of possible eliciting factors associated with mold and dampness. An hypothesis is presented, where an evolutionary analysis of the different response patterns seen in DMHS is able to explain the existing variability of disease patterns. Classical interpretation of immune responses and symptoms are addressed within the field of pathophysiology. The presented evolutionary analysis seeks for the ultimate causes of the vast array of symptoms in DMHS. Symptoms can be interpreted as induced by direct (toxic) actions of spores, mycotoxins, or other fungal metabolites, or on the other side by the host-initiated response, which aims to counterbalance and fight off potentially deleterious effects or fungal infection. Further, individual susceptibility of immune reactions can confer an exaggerated response, and magnified symptoms are then explained in terms of immunopathology. IgE-mediated allergy fits well in this scenario, where individuals with an atopic predisposition suffer from an exaggerated response to mold exposure, but studies addressing why such responses have evolved and if they could be advantageous are scarce. Human history is plenty of plagues and diseases connected with mold exposure, which could explain vulnerability to mold allergy. Likewise, multiorgan symptoms in DMHS are analyzed for its possible adaptive role not only in the defense of an active infection, but also as evolved mechanisms for avoidance of potentially harmful environments in an evolutionary past or present setting.
On the Semantic Security of Secret Image Sharing Methods

In this work, we analyze some of the existing secret image sharing methods and show that they do not possess semantic security, a property of many secure systems. We propose a new method based on the threshold secret sharing scheme for images in the compressed and uncompressed domains. Our method generates minimal share sizes with similar computational cost to previous methods, yet it is computationally secure and satisfies the semantic security property.
Perceptual Material Attributes Arise in Local Material Recognition

Material attributes have been shown to provide a discriminative intermediate representation for materials, as they help tame the otherwise challenging intra-class appearance variation that materials exhibit. In the past, however, the space of material attributes has been manually-defined and treated as merely an intermediate feature for other recognition tasks. Recent neuroscience studies on material perception, as well as computer vision research on object and place recognition, show that attributes may in fact arise naturally during the course of higher-level recognition. These results suggest that, analogous to scenes and objects, perceptual material attributes may arise during material recognition. Part of the challenge in investigating this conjecture is that existing attribute discovery methods cannot leverage large amounts of data likely required to cause the attributes to arise. In this paper, we design a novel network architecture and database in order to show that perceptual attributes can in fact arise from large-scale end-to-end material recognition. We focus on local material recognition, from small patches, in order to separate the materials from surrounding object and scene context. We extract the inherent material attributes by adding auxiliary loss functions to a material recognition CNN, enabling perceptual attributes to be produced as a side product. Our results show that the discovered attributes correspond well with semantically-meaningful visual material traits, and enable recognition of previously unseen material categories given only a few examples.
Spitzer/MIPS 24 μm Observations of Galaxy Clusters: An Increasing Fraction of Obscured Star-forming Members from z = 0.02 to z = 0.83

We study the mid-infrared properties of 1315 spectroscopically confirmed members in eight massive (Mvir≳ 5 × 1014 M☉) galaxy clusters covering the redshift range from 0.02 to 0.83. The selected clusters all have deep Spitzer/MIPS 24 μm observations, Hubble and ground-based photometry, and extensive redshift catalogs. We observe for the first time an increase in the fraction of cluster galaxies with mid-infrared star formation rates higher than 5 M☉ yr−1 from 3% at z = 0.02 to 13% at z = 0.83 (RP ⩽ 1 Mpc). This increase is reproduced even when considering only the most massive members (M* ⩾ 4 × 1010 M☉). The 24 μm observations reveal stronger evolution in the fraction of blue/star-forming cluster galaxies than in color-selected samples: the number of dusty, strongly star-forming cluster galaxies increases with redshift, and combining these with the optically defined Butcher-Oemler members [Δ (B − V) < − 0.2] doubles the total fraction of blue/star-forming galaxies in the inner Mpc of the clusters to ~23% at z = 0.83. These results, the first of our Spitzer/MIPS Infra-Red Cluster Survey (SMIRCS), support earlier studies indicating that the increase in star-forming members is driven by cluster assembly and galaxy infall, as is expected in the framework of hierarchical formation.
A Practical Anodic and Cathodic Curve Intersection Model to Understand Multiple Corrosion Potentials of Fe-Based Glassy Alloys in OH- Contained Solutions

A practical anodic and cathodic curve intersection model, which consisted of an apparent anodic curve and an imaginary cathodic line, was proposed to explain multiple corrosion potentials occurred in potentiodynamic polarization curves of Fe-based glassy alloys in alkaline solution. The apparent anodic curve was selected from the measured anodic curves. The imaginary cathodic line was obtained by linearly fitting the differences of anodic curves and can be moved evenly or rotated to predict the number and value of corrosion potentials.
Distributed robust labeling of audio sources in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks

A novel algorithm for distributed labeling of speech sources is proposed. We consider a wireless sensor network comprising devices that are equipped with multiple microphones, which can “hear” a number of speech signals. The labeling task is performed in a decentralized fashion with a new two-step approach. The first step corresponds to the distributed extraction of proper source-specific features from the mixed signals. In the second step, these features are exploited via a distributed unsupervised learning technique. We present approaches that can be used in hierarchically organized or in non-hierarchically organized network configurations. Numerical examples using real data display the performance of the proposed technique.
Reactance diversity: proof-of-concept experiments in an indoor multipath-fading environment with a 5-GHz prototype planar ESPAR antenna

This paper reports the first experiments on binary reactance diversity. A prototype of a 3-element 5-GHz band ESPAR (electronically steerable parasitic array radiator) antenna is designed and fabricated on a planar printed circuit. It consists of one radiator and two parasitic elements with loading varactor diodes. It functions as a diversity antenna with a diversity scheme that employs a simple binary reactance control, based on the criterion of received power. In an indoor multipath-fading environment, the ESPAR antenna exhibits a diversity performance of 7-dB gain at CDF 99% in spite of its simplified mechanics.
Visualizing the Unit Ball for the Teichmüller Metric

ABSTRACT We describe a method to compute the norm on the cotangent space to the moduli space of Riemann surfaces associated to the Finsler Teichmüller metric. Our method involves computing the periods of abelian double covers and is easy to implement for Riemann surfaces presented as algebraic curves using existing tools for approximating period matrices of plane algebraic curves. We illustrate our method by depicting the unit sphere in the cotangent space to moduli space at a particular surface of genus zero with five punctures and by corroborating the proof of a theorem of Royden’s for our example.
SWiPE: searching wikipedia by example

A novel method is demonstrated that allows semantic and well-structured knowledge bases (such as DBpedia) to be easily queried directly from Wikipedia's pages. Using Swipe, naive users with no knowledge of RDF triples and SPARQL can easily query DBpedia with powerful questions such as: "Who are the U.S. presidents who took office when they were 55-year old or younger, during the last 60 years", or "Find the town in California with less than 10 thousand people". This is accomplished by a novel Search by Example (SBE) approach where a user can enter the query conditions directly on the Infobox of a Wikipedia page. In fact, Swipe activates various fields of Wikipedia to allow users to enter query conditions, and then uses these conditions to generate equivalent SPARQL queries and execute them on DBpedia. Finally, Swipe returns the query results in a form that is conducive to query refinements and further explorations. Swipe's SBE approach makes semi-structured documents queryable in an intuitive and user-friendly way and, through Wikipedia, delivers the benefits of querying and exploring large knowledge bases to all Web users.
Do Physicians Possess Market Power?

We study the degree to which greater physician concentration leads to higher service prices charged by physicians in the commercially insured medical care market. Using a database of physicians throughout the United States, we construct physician-firm concentration measures based on market boundaries defined by fixed driving times, which we label the fixed-travel-time Herfindahl-Hirschman index. We link these concentration measures to health insurance claims. We find that physicians in more concentrated markets charge higher service prices; a physician in the 90th percentile of market concentration will charge 14–30 percent higher fees than a physician in the 10th percentile. Our estimates imply that physician consolidation has caused about an 8 percent increase in fees on average over the last 20 years and substantially higher increases in concentrated markets.