Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Multimodal Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition Based on Radar–Vision Fusion

Regarding increasingly complex scenarios in hand gesture recognition (HGR), it is challenging to implement a reliable HGR due to the nonadaptability of individual sensors to the environment and the discrepancy of personal habits. Multisensor fusion has been deemed an effective way to overcome the limitations of a single sensor. However, there is a lack of research on HGR to effectively establish bridges linking multimodal heterogeneous information. To address this issue, we propose a novel multimodal dynamic HGR method based on a two-branch fusion deformable network with Gram matching. First, a time-synchronized method is designed to preprocess the multimodal data. Second, a two-branch network is proposed to implement gesture classification based on radar–vision fusion. The input convolution is replaced by the deformable convolution to improve the generalization of gesture motion modeling. The long short-term memory (LSTM) unit is used to extract the temporal features of dynamic hand gestures. Third, Gram matching is presented as a loss function to mine high-dimensional heterogeneous information and maintain the integrity of radar–vision fusion. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method effectively improves the adaptability of the classifier to complex environments and exhibits satisfactory robustness to multiple subjects. Furthermore, ablation analysis shows that deformable convolution and Gram loss not only provide reliable gesture recognition but also enhance the generalization ability of the proposed methods in different field-of-view scenarios.
New Constant Dimension Subspace Codes From the Mixed Dimension Construction

One of the main problems of subspace coding is to determine the maximal size of a constant dimension subspace code with given parameters. In this paper, we show that mixed dimension subspace codes can be used to construct large constant dimension subspace codes. We introduce a new class of subspace codes called mixed dimension/distance subspace codes. Using such codes, we present two constructions for large constant dimension subspace codes. The problem about the sizes of our constant dimension subspace codes is transformed into finding mixed dimension/distance subspace codes with large dimension distributions. The new constructed codes are the largest known for many sets of parameters. Our method gives at least 136 new lower bounds on the sizes of constant dimension subspace codes.
The immersed/fictitious element method for fluid–structure interaction: Volumetric consistency, compressibility and thin members

A weak form and an implementation are given for fluid–structure interaction by the immersed/fictitious element method for compressible fluids. The weak form is applicable to models where the fluid is described by Eulerian coordinates while the solid is described by Lagrangian coordinates, which suits their intrinsic characteristics. A unique feature of the method is the treatment of the fictitious fluid by a Lagrangian description, which simplifies the interface conditions. Methods for enforcing volumetric consistency between the fluid and solid and treating thin members are given. Although a compressible viscous fluid is considered here, the new developments can be applied to incompressible fluids. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chronic hypoxia is associated with transcriptomic reprogramming and increased genomic instability in cancer cells

Hypoxia afflicts the microenvironment of solid tumors fueling malignancy. We investigated the impact of long hypoxia exposure on transcriptional remodeling, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and genomic instability of cancer cells that were grouped based on their inherent sensitivity or resistance to hypoxia. A hypoxia score was used as a metric to distinguish between the most hypoxia-sensitive (hypoxia high (HH)), and most resistant (hypoxia low (HL)) cancer cells. By applying whole exome sequencing and microarray analysis, we showed that the HH group was indeed more sensitive to hypoxia, having significantly higher TMB (p = 0.03) and copy number losses (p = 0.03), as well as a trend of higher transcriptional response. Globally cells adapted by decreasing expression of genes involved in metabolism, proliferation, and protein maturation, and increasing alternative splicing. They accumulated mutations, especially frameshift insertions, and harbored increased copy number alterations, indicating increased genomic instability. Cells showing highest TMB simultaneously experienced a significant downregulation of DNA replication and repair and chromosomal maintenance pathways. A sixteen-gene common response to chronic hypoxia was put forth, including genes regulating angiogenesis and proliferation. Our findings show that chronic hypoxia enables survival of tumor cells by metabolic reprogramming, modulating proliferation, and increasing genomic instability. They additionally highlight key adaptive pathways that can potentially be targeted to prevent cancer cells residing in chronically hypoxic tumor areas from thriving.
Executive Functions and Language Skills in Preschool Children: The Unique Contribution of Verbal Working Memory and Cognitive Flexibility

The development of language skills requires a range of linguistic abilities and cognitive processes, such as executive functions (EFs, i.e., a set of skills involved in goal-directed activities which are crucial for regulating thoughts and actions). Despite progress in understanding the link between language and EFs, the need for more research on the extent and directionality of this link is undeniable. This study examined whether specific components of EFs account for a significant amount of variance in language abilities above and beyond gender, age, and nonverbal intelligence. The sample comprised 79 typically developing children attending the last year of preschool (Mage = 64.5 months, SD = 3.47). EFs were assessed through tasks that explored three predictor variables: inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. The language outcomes included receptive and expressive language. After controlling for age, gender, and nonverbal intelligence, findings showed that working memory and cognitive flexibility, respectively, explained an additional 16% and 19% of the variance. Inhibition skills did not increase the amount of explained variance in language outcomes. These results highlight the potential added importance of assessing working memory and cognitive flexibility in the prediction of language skills in preschool children.
LIGHT POLLUTION IN CALIFORNIA AND ARIZONA

The present and fliture effect of artificial illumination on ground-based optical astronomical observations in California and Arizona is discussed. It is concluded that the effectiveness of all major observatories in these states is presently or potentially limited by light pollution. Consequently, it is essential that immediate efforts be undertaken to: (1) Control outdoor illumination to lengthen the useflil life of existing observatory sites, and (2) Identif and protect the best remaining sites both within and outside the United States. The characteristics and probable locations of the best sites for ground-based optical astronomical observations are discussed. Key words: light pollution - observatory sites
Psychological status of medical staff dedicated to nucleic acid collection in COVID-19 epidemic during closed-loop management: A cross-sectional study

Background To investigate the depression, anxiety and somnipathy situation occurred in the nucleic acid collection staff during the closed-loop management period of COVID-19. And try to understand the influencing factors of related psychological status. Methods A cross-sectional study of 1,014 nucleic acid collection staff from seven Chinese hospitals was conducted. Various investigation methods were involved in the questionnaires to collect data, including 12-items self-made questionnaire survey of basic demographic information, 9-items patient health questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-9), 7-items generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0 and Excel software. Mann-Whitney U-test, Chi-square test, correlation analysis, mono-factor analysis and binary logistic regression were applied accordingly for further analysis. Results The positive rate of depression, anxiety and sleep disorder of 1,014 nucleic acid collectors under closed-loop management were 33.5, 27.2, and 50.1%, respectively. Depression was significantly positively correlated with anxiety and sleep (P < 0.05). The scores of depression scale were positively correlated with the age and the fear for infection (r = 0.106, 0.218, both P < 0.05); The scores of anxiety scale were also positively correlated with the age and the fear for infection (r = 0.124, 0.225, both P < 0.05); The length of service, collection time and the degree of worry about infection and was positively correlated with the score of sleep scale (r = 0.077, 0.074, 0.195, both P < 0.05); Education level had a significant negative association with PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PSQI (r = −0.167,−0.172, both P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age, technical title, education level, collection time, collection frequency, collection location, fear for infection and external environment were important influencing factors of depression, anxiety and sleep disorders. Conclusion The results of this study suggested that when carrying out nucleic acid collection mission, managers should intervene to optimize the collection location, control the duration of each collection mission, replace the collection staff in time and pay close attention to the psychological state of the collection staff.
The multi-scalar relationship between children’s self-determination and environmental justice in the United States

ABSTRACT Self-determination aims to provide everyone the opportunity to sketch their life trajectories. Seemingly aspirational, paths are continuously influenced throughout childhood by both favourable and unfavourable factors. Natural environmental exposures have considerable impacts on development that give rise to transgenerational and community-wide consequences by influencing physical, emotional, and cognitive growth. Each interference can affect academic performance, the ability to reach one’s full potential, and ultimately generational social mobility. The ongoing relationship between early development and hindered self-determination is particularly concerning for non-white and low-income communities in the United States, where children experience disproportionately poor environmental conditions. This paper discusses the multi-scalar effects that stem from such exposures to propose environmental justice efforts as the path toward protecting self-determination. Through reviewing human rights, environmental racism, and capability considerations, the paper illustrates how decades of research have cumulated to create a progression toward equity.
Recent Clinical Treatment and Basic Research on the Alveolar Bone

The periodontal ligament is located between the bone (alveolar bone) and the cementum of the tooth, and it is connected by tough fibers called Sharpey’s fibers. To maintain healthy teeth, the foundation supporting the teeth must be healthy. Periodontal diseases, also known as tooth loss, cause the alveolar bone to dissolve. The alveolar bone, similar to the bones in other body parts, is repeatedly resorbed by osteoclasts and renewed by osteogenic cells. This means that an old bone is constantly being resorbed and replaced by a new bone. In periodontal diseases, the alveolar bone around the teeth is absorbed, and as the disease progresses, the alveolar bone shrinks gradually. In most cases, the resorbed alveolar bone does not return to its original form even after periodontal disease is cured. Gum covers the tooth surface so that it matches the shape of the resorbed alveolar bone, exposing more of the tooth surface than before, making the teeth look longer, leaving gaps between the teeth, and in some cases causing teeth to sting. Previously, the only treatment for periodontal diseases was to stop the disease from progressing further before the teeth fell out, and restoration to the original condition was almost impossible. However, a treatment method that can help in the regeneration of the supporting tissues of the teeth destroyed by periodontal diseases and the restoration of the teeth to their original healthy state as much as possible is introduced. Recently, with improvements in implant material properties, implant therapy has become an indispensable treatment method in dentistry and an important prosthetic option. Treatment methods and techniques, which are mainly based on experience, have gradually accumulated scientific evidence, and the number of indications for treatment has increased. The development of bone augmentation methods has contributed remarkably to the expansion of indications, and this has been made possible by various advances in materials science. The induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) cell technology for regenerating periodontal tissues, including alveolar bone, is expected to be applied in the treatment of diseases, such as tooth loss and periodontitis. This review focuses on the alveolar bone and describes clinical practice, techniques, and the latest basic research.
Physical-Layer Security for Multi-User Communications With Frequency Diverse Array-Based Directional Modulation

By resorting to the technology of frequency diverse array (FDA)-based directional modulation (DM), this paper designs the physical-layer security in system uplink and downlink. Specifically, the FDA-based single-beam DM is employed to deliver confidential messages from each legitimate user (LU) to the base station (BS) in the uplink. To eliminate mutual interference caused by the simultaneous arriving signals at BS, we propose the FDA-based multi-carrier allocation scheme together with the receiver structure. On the other side of the coin, the FDA-based multi-beam DM is employed to send secrecy information from BS to LUs in the downlink. Moreover, the maximum signal to leakage and noise ratio (MSLNR) and the maximum eavesdroppers to LUs interference and noise ratio (MELINR) are proposed to design the beamforming matrix and the protection matrix, respectively, to enhance downlink security. Simulation results show that the proposed method has better security performance than the zero-forcing (ZF) and singular value decomposition (SVD) methods in the downlink. Moreover, the proposed FDA method outperforms the conventional phased-array system in both uplink and downlink.
Study of cognitive function in patients with severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis by a computerized neuropsychological assessment device

Background Carotid stenosis can lead to stroke and cognitive impairment. Moreover, the cognitive function was assessed mostly by paper and pencil cognitive tests. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (SACAS) on cognitive function by a computerized neuropsychological assessment device (CNAD). The diagnostic value of screening SACAS of the CNAD was analyzed. Methods There were 48 patients with ≥70% asymptomatic carotid stenosis and 52 controls without carotid stenosis. Duplex ultrasound defined the degree of stenosis. The differences of cognitive function were analyzed between patients and controls. The relationship of scores of cognitive tests and age were analyzed in the linear regression equation. The diagnostic value of CNAD was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Stenosis and control subjects had no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics. Stenosis patients had worse scores for Stroop color-word test (p = 0.002), one back test (p = 0.013), and identification test (p = 0.006) corresponding to attention and executive ability. The analysis of linear regression equation indicated that cognitive scores of stenosis patients declined faster with age, especially for digit span test, Stroop color-word test, one back test and identification test. In analysis of ROC curve, the Stroop color-word test (p = 0.002), one back test (p = 0.013), and identification test (p = 0.006), and comprehensive index of the three tests (p = 0.001) had the diagnostic value. Conclusion The CNAD has evaluation value and screening value for patients with cognitive impairment and SACAS. But it is necessary to update the CNAD and conduct a study with a bigger sample.
Mental Health of Prostate Cancer Patients: Content Review on YouTubeTM

The aim of this study is to evaluate YouTube™ content in terms of the quality of information available about prostate cancer (PCa) in relation to incidence, symptomatology, and potential treatments for patients’ mental health. We searched on YouTube™ for terms related to mental health combined with those relating to prostate cancer. Tools for audio–visual-content PEMAT A/V, Global Quality Score, and DISCERN score were applied for the assessment of videos’ quality. A total of 67 videos were eligible. Most of the analyzed YouTube™ videos were created by physicians (52.2%) in contrast to other author categories (48.8%). According to the PEMAT A/V, the median score for Understandability was 72.7% and the overall median score for Actionability was 66.7%; the median DISCERN score was 47, which correspond to a fair quality. Only videos focusing on the topic “Psychological Effects and PCa treatment” were significantly more accurate. The General Quality Score revealed that the majority of YouTube™ videos were rated as “generally poor” (21, 31.3%) or “poor” (12, 17.9%). The results suggest that the content of YouTube™ videos is neither exhaustive nor reliable in the current state, illustrating a general underestimation of the mental health of prostate cancer patients. A multidisciplinary agreement to establish quality standards and improve communication about mental health care is needed.
ANALISIS PROSES PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA

The objective of this study is to describe: (1) student resources, (2) strategies, and (3) cognitive control faced by junior high school students in solving mathematics problem. This study employed the qualitative descriptive approach. The research subjects were students of grade IX SMP Negeri 1 Siau Timur many as 171 students. Samples were taken as many as 15 of 171 students, where each category is made up of 5 students. The data were collected through a written test using an essay test item and interviews with the subjects to clarify characterization of mathematical problem-solving process as student resources, strategies, and cognitive control. The tested items were as many as 5 items. All of that is a problem solving items. The data were analyzed by analyzing the test and interview results, and drawing conclusions. Results are as follows. First, depth resources shown by high strata’s student in solving mathematical problems concerning the properties of integer and fractional operations and one variable linear equations. Meanwhile, medium stratum students in determining the simple number patterns, and the students of lower strata in solving problems related to sequence and series. Second, the right strategy is used by each stratum in the above competencies. The strategies used by the high strata are identify sub goal and use the formula. Then, draw a sketch strategy by medium and low strata. Futhermore, students' cognitive control.High strata’s students tend to have of impulsive cognitive style were medium and low strata of students tend to have a reflexive cognitive style.
Detonation engine development for reaction control systems of a spacecraft

Study of a Rotating Detonation Engine (RDE) has been carried out in many research institutions. The RDE has the advantage of high efficiency and simple structure. Taking this advantage of its benefits, application to the reaction control system of a spacecraft is expected. Toward the practical use, the knowledge of the detonation propagation in operation and quantification of stable operating range is essential. In the present study, we have produced the RDE with the linear channel that specializes in visualization. The first experimental results of this RDE are reported. The main purpose is obtaining basic combustion characteristics. The optical access of the RDE can be easy by linear channel. In the experiment, the propagation of the detonation wave front is confirmed by a high speed video camera and pressure sensors. The location information of the wave front obtained from the image, the x-t diagram after ignition was obtained. Thereby, the transition to detonation is confirmed. The propagation of the multi-wave front in the steady state was confirmed by the images and pressure sensor. Propagation velocity of the wave front is also obtained by the pressure history and the images.
Experimental Studies on the Intake Port of a Diesel Engine to Determine Swirl

This paper focuses on experimentalstudies of intake port of a four cylinder diesel engine for different vacuum pressures and valve lift positions. In this study, the cylinder head is experimented through a paddle wheel flow setup, which gives the flow coefficient and swirl number asoutput. Main scope of the work is to understand the flow behaviour through the intake port and finally to determine mean flow coefficient and mean swirl number for different valve lift ratios L/D, where L is valve lift and D is bore diameter.
Selective source reduction to identify masked sources using time reversal acoustics

The presence of strong sources of elastic waves often makes it impossible to localize weaker ones, which are sometimes the most meaningful, e.g. in the characterization of complexity of active Earth faults or of microdamage in a composite structural material. To address this problem, a selective source reduction method is proposed here which, applied in conjunction with time reversal acoustics (TRA), provides the means to selectively reduce the contribution of strong sources allowing full illumination of the weak ones. The method is complementary to other methods based on TRA which aim at the selective illumination of scatterers in the propagation medium. In this paper, a description of the method is given along with presentation of a few numerical results to demonstrate its usefulness for localization of sources. Validation and some experimental results are also presented.
Strategy use in a spoken dialog system–delivered paired discussion task: A stimulated recall study

With recent technological advances, researchers have begun to explore the potential use of spoken dialog systems (SDSs) for L2 oral communication assessment. While several studies support the feasibility of building these systems for various types of oral tasks, research on the construct validity of SDS-delivered tasks is still limited. Thus, this study examines the cognitive processes engaged by an SDS-delivered paired discussion task, focusing on strategic competence, an essential component of L2 oral communication ability. Thirty adult test-takers completed a paired discussion task with an SDS acting as an interlocutor and provided stimulated recalls about their strategy use in the task. Three trained raters independently evaluated the test-takers’ oral task responses using a holistic rating scale devised for the task. Findings revealed the use of six categories of construct-relevant strategies during task performance. While no statistically significant differences were found in the use of these categories between high- and low-ability test-takers, marked differences were observed in the use of individual strategies within the categories between the test-takers at the two levels. These findings provide insight into how test-takers at different ability levels cognitively interact with SDS-delivered paired discussion tasks and offer implications for the design and validation of such tasks.