Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title Camera calibration with spheres : Linear approaches

This paper addresses the problem of camera calibration from spheres. By studying the relationship between the dual images of spheres and that of the absolute conic, a linear solution has been derived from a recently proposed non-linear semi-definite approach. However, experiments show that this approach is quite sensitive to noise. In order to overcome this problem, a second approach has been proposed, where the orthogonal calibration relationship is obtained by regarding any two spheres as a surface of revolution. This allows a camera to be fully calibrated from an image of three spheres. Besides, a conic homography is derived from the imaged spheres, and from its eigenvectors the orthogonal invariants can be computed directly. Experiments on synthetic and real data show the practicality of such an approach.
Optimizing Budget Allocation in Graphs

In the classical facility location problem we consider a graph $G$ with fixed weights on the edges of $G$. The goal is then to find an optimal positioning for a set of facilities on the graph with respect to some objective function. We introduce a new framework for facility location problems, where the weights on the graph edges are not fixed, but rather should be assigned. The goal is to find a valid assignment for which the resulting weighted graph optimizes the facility location objective function. We present algorithms for finding the optimal {\em budget allocation} for the center point problem and for the median point problem on trees. Our algorithms run in linear time, both for the case where a candidate vertex is given as part of the input, and for the case where finding a vertex that optimizes the solution is part of the problem. We also present a hardness result for the general graph case of the center point problem, followed by an $O(\log^2(n))$ approximation algorithm on graphs - with general metric spaces.
Towards Energy Efficient Adaptive Error Control in Indoor WSN: A Fuzzy Logic Based Approach

In populated indoor environments, the radio signal quality is heavily influenced by channel impairments caused by movement of people, obstacles, or radio interferences. In such environments, high packet drop rates lead to frequent retransmissions and increased energy consumption of resource-restricted wireless nodes. To overcome this, we propose a novel Forward Error Correction (FEC) based adaptive error control strategy that employs a cascaded fuzzy inference system to combat communication unreliability. The strategy unifies various heterogeneous metrics such as signal-to-noise ratio, line-of-sight/non-line-of-sight detection and ACK/NACK to closely estimate the low-power links' quality and based on that, selects an appropriate FEC code to protect packet transmissions. Numerical evaluations are carried out using a realistic indoor fading channel model and IEEE 802.15. 4 2.4 GHz modulation format. The performance results obtained from a comparative analysis with static and Adaptive FEC Code Control schemes (AFECCC) conclude that the proposed adaptive scheme guarantees better trade-off (packet error rate and energy-efficiency) for indoor WSN applications.
A mixture model for the joint analysis of latent developmental trajectories and survival

A general joint modeling framework is proposed that includes a parametric stratified survival component for continuous time survival data, and a mixture multilevel item response component to model latent developmental trajectories given mixed discrete response data. The joint model is illustrated in a real data setting, where the utility of longitudinally measured cognitive function as a predictor for survival is investigated in a group of elderly persons. The object is partly to determine whether cognitive impairment is accompanied by a higher mortality rate. Time‐dependent cognitive function is measured using the generalized partial credit model given occasion‐specific mini‐mental state examination response data. A parametric survival model is applied for the survival information, and cognitive function as a continuous latent variable is included as a time‐dependent explanatory variable along with other explanatory information. A mixture model is defined, which incorporates the latent developmental trajectory and the survival component. The mixture model captures the heterogeneity in the developmental trajectories that could not be fully explained by the multilevel item response model and other explanatory variables. A Bayesian modeling approach is pursued, where a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm is developed for simultaneous estimation of the joint model parameters. Practical issues as model building and assessment are addressed using the DIC and various posterior predictive tests. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recurrent bottlenecks in the malaria life cycle obscure signals of positive selection

SUMMARY Detecting signals of selection in the genome of malaria parasites is a key to identify targets for drug and vaccine development. Malaria parasites have a unique life cycle alternating between vector and host organism with a population bottleneck at each transition. These recurrent bottlenecks could influence the patterns of genetic diversity and the power of existing population genetic tools to identify sites under positive selection. We therefore simulated the site-frequency spectrum of a beneficial mutant allele through time under the malaria life cycle. We investigated the power of current population genetic methods to detect positive selection based on the site-frequency spectrum as well as temporal changes in allele frequency. We found that a within-host selective advantage is difficult to detect using these methods. Although a between-host transmission advantage could be detected, the power is decreased when compared with the classical Wright–Fisher (WF) population model. Using an adjusted null site-frequency spectrum that takes the malaria life cycle into account, the power of tests based on the site-frequency spectrum to detect positive selection is greatly improved. Our study demonstrates the importance of considering the life cycle in genetic analysis, especially in parasites with complex life cycles.
Improving NER in Arabic Using a Morphological Tagger

We discuss a named entity recognition system for Arabic, and show how we incorporated the information provided by MADA, a full morphological tagger which uses a morphological analyzer. Surprisingly, the relevant features used are the capitalization of the English gloss chosen by the tagger, and the fact that an analysis is returned (that a word is not OOV to the morphological analyzer). The use of the tagger also improves over a third system which just uses a morphological analyzer, yielding a 14\% reduction in error over the baseline. We conduct a thorough error analysis to identify sources of success and failure among the variations, and show that by combining the systems in simple ways we can significantly influence the precision-recall trade-off.
Repair of DNA Damage Induced by the Cytidine Analog Zebularine Requires ATR and ATM in Arabidopsis[OPEN]

The cytidine analog zebularine triggers DNA damage at replication forks, which is signaled by ATR and ATM and detoxified by synthesis-dependent strand-annealing homologous recombination. DNA damage repair is an essential cellular mechanism that maintains genome stability. Here, we show that the nonmethylable cytidine analog zebularine induces a DNA damage response in Arabidopsis thaliana, independent of changes in DNA methylation. In contrast to genotoxic agents that induce damage in a cell cycle stage-independent manner, zebularine induces damage specifically during strand synthesis in DNA replication. The signaling of this damage is mediated by additive activity of ATAXIA TELANGIECTASIA MUTATED AND RAD3-RELATED and ATAXIA TELANGIECTASIA MUTATED kinases, which cause postreplicative cell cycle arrest and increased endoreplication. The repair requires a functional STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE OF CHROMOSOMES5 (SMC5)-SMC6 complex and is accomplished predominantly by synthesis-dependent strand-annealing homologous recombination. Here, we provide insight into the response mechanism for coping with the genotoxic effects of zebularine and identify several components of the zebularine-induced DNA damage repair pathway.
Duality and equivalence of module categories in noncommutative geometry II: Mukai duality for holomorphic noncommutative tori

This is the second in a series of papers intended to set up a framework to study categories of modules in the context of non-commutative geometries. In \cite{mem} we introduced the basic DG category $\Pc_{\A^\bullet}$, the perfect category of $\A^\bullet$, which corresponded to the category of coherent sheaves on a complex manifold. In this paper we enlarge this category to include objects which correspond to quasi-coherent sheaves. We then apply this framework to proving an equivalence of categories between derived categories on the noncommutative complex torus and on a holomorphic gerbe on the dual complex torus.
Efficient and secure routing protocol for wireless sensor networks through SNR based dynamic clustering mechanisms

Advances in wireless sensor network (WSN) technology have enabled small and low-cost sensors with the capability of sensing various types of physical and environmental conditions, data processing, and wireless communication. In the WSN, the sensor nodes have a limited transmission range and their processing and storage capabilities as well as their energy resources are limited. A triple umpiring system has already been proved for its better performance in WSNs. The clustering technique is effective in prolonging the lifetime of the WSN. In this study, we have modified the ad-hoc on demand distance vector routing by incorporating signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) based dynamic clustering. The proposed scheme, which is an efficient and secure routing protocol for wireless sensor networks through SNR-based dynamic clustering (ESRPSDC) mechanisms, can partition the nodes into clusters and select the cluster head (CH) among the nodes based on the energy, and non CH nodes join with a specific CH based on the SNR values. Error recovery has been implemented during the inter-cluster routing in order to avoid end-to-end error recovery. Security has been achieved by isolating the malicious nodes using sink-based routing pattern analysis. Extensive investigation studies using a global mobile simulator have shown that this hybrid ESRP significantly improves the energy efficiency and packet reception rate as compared with the SNR unaware routing algorithms such as the low energy aware adaptive clustering hierarchy and power efficient gathering in sensor information systems.
An efficient low-cost real-time brain computer interface system based on SSVEP

Ruen Shan Leow, Mahmoud Moghavvemi and Fatimah Ibrahim This paper presents the development of a real-time brain computer interface (BCI) system based on the detection of steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP). The system includes a frequency-programmable visual stimulator, EEG-band amplifier and filter, 16-bit data acquisition card, and signal processing and classification algorithms. Three visual stimuli flickering at varying frequencies were shown to the subject, and the system is able to identify the desired target that the subject was focusing on. Experiments on ten healthy subjects using the designed system yielded an average detection accuracy of 86.15%. IEICE ELECTRONICS EXPRESS Volume: 7 Issue: 5 Pages: 326-331 DOI: 10.1587/elex.7. 326 Published: MAR 10 2010
Opportunistic Multicast Scheduling for Information Streaming in Cellular Networks

We investigate opportunistic multicast scheduling schemes for sending a multicast stream in a wireless cell. We propose schemes that exploit both multiuser diversity and broadcast gains for efficient multicast, preserve the feature of synchronization of served information provided by conventional multicasting, and provide for receivers accepting sequential stream data. With knowledge of the expected sequence number (SN) of stream data and the feasible peak transmission rate for each group member, our scheme decouples the pairing of SN and rate and selects an expected SN and a peak rate that jointly maximize a utility function. Besides the amount of data accepted in one transmission, the function includes a force factor to push expected SNs to drift closely and another force factor to synchronize more expected SNs. Under i.i. d. channel conditions, we show that with the two factors to limit the diffusion of expected SNs, multicast throughput significantly increases and that without them our scheme degenerates into merely tapping multiuser diversity gain. Furthermore, we investigate optimal transmit power allocation subject to an average power constraint for multicast transmission. Results show that multicast throughput increases slightly for our scheme but substantially for traditional ones.
Study on visible photocatalytic activity of an oxalate-extended Co(II) coordination polymer

= oxalate, bpy = 4,4’-bipyri-dine) was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis using CoCl 2 ·5H 2 O, oxalic acid, bpy as raw material. Compound 1 is a 2D structure extended by ox and bpy, and it has excellent visible photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic efficiency of compound 1 could reach up to 98.13% with pH = 10 when two drops of H 2 O 2 were added to methylene blue. The photocatalytic degradation results could be described by the first-order kinetic. Besides, after five cycles, the degradation efficiency decreased only 4.11% (without H 2 O 2 ) and 5.22% (with H 2 O 2 ). Meanwhile, the solid fluorescence and UV-Visible diffuse reflection of compound 1 were also studied. What’s more, the visible light photo-catalytic mechanism of compound 1 was analyzed more clearly by free radical trapping experiment and Mott–Schottky curve.
Alpha-1 Globulin Trypsin Inhibitor in Canine Surfactant Protein 1

Summary Immunoelectrophoresis demonstrates the presence of three serum proteins in canine surfactant protein obtained in vivo by bronchopulmonary lavage. The surfactant protein inhibits trypsin and the trypsin inhibitor has electrophoretic mobility similar to that of human alpha-1-antitrypsin. The trypsin inhibitor is present when lavage follows saline perfusion of the pulmonary vasculature suggesting that although the trypsin inhibitor may arrive in the lung via the blood, it is not in the lavage fluid as a result of whole blood contamination.
A phase 3 trial of bevacizumab in ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND Angiogenesis plays a role in the biology of ovarian cancer. We examined the effect of bevacizumab, the vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor, on survival in women with this disease. METHODS We randomly assigned women with ovarian cancer to carboplatin (area under the curve, 5 or 6) and paclitaxel (175 mg per square meter of body-surface area), given every 3 weeks for 6 cycles, or to this regimen plus bevacizumab (7.5 mg per kilogram of body weight), given concurrently every 3 weeks for 5 or 6 cycles and continued for 12 additional cycles or until progression of disease. Outcome measures included progression-free survival, first analyzed per protocol and then updated, and interim overall survival. RESULTS A total of 1528 women from 11 countries were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment regimens. Their median age was 57 years; 90% had epithelial ovarian cancer, 69% had a serous histologic type, 9% had high-risk early-stage disease, 30% were at high risk for progression, and 70% had stage IIIC or IV ovarian cancer. Progression-free survival (restricted mean) at 36 months was 20.3 months with standard therapy, as compared with 21.8 months with standard therapy plus bevacizumab (hazard ratio for progression or death with bevacizumab added, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.70 to 0.94; P=0.004 by the log-rank test). Nonproportional hazards were detected (i.e., the treatment effect was not consistent over time on the hazard function scale) (P<0.001), with a maximum effect at 12 months, coinciding with the end of planned bevacizumab treatment and diminishing by 24 months. Bevacizumab was associated with more toxic effects (most often hypertension of grade 2 or higher) (18%, vs. 2% with chemotherapy alone). In the updated analyses, progression-free survival (restricted mean) at 42 months was 22.4 months without bevacizumab versus 24.1 months with bevacizumab (P=0.04 by log-rank test); in patients at high risk for progression, the benefit was greater with bevacizumab than without it, with progression-free survival (restricted mean) at 42 months of 14.5 months with standard therapy alone and 18.1 months with bevacizumab added, with respective median overall survival of 28.8 and 36.6 months. CONCLUSIONS Bevacizumab improved progression-free survival in women with ovarian cancer. The benefits with respect to both progression-free and overall survival were greater among those at high risk for disease progression. (Funded by Roche and others; ICON7 Controlled-Trials.com number, ISRCTN91273375.).
Methotrexate: An Effective Agent for Treating Cancer and Building Careers. The Polyglutamate Era

This paper chronicles developments in the laboratory of Dr. Bruce Chabner during the period 1978–1981. Initial work demonstrated that methotrexate is taken up by human breast cancer cells by a high affinity, carrier‐mediated energy‐dependent transport system similar to that described in murine leukemia cells. Conversion of methotrexate to a high molecular weight polyglutamate metabolite was also demonstrated to occur in human breast cancer cells. Polyglutamates became the predominant form of intracellular drug, both free in the cytosol and bound to dihydrofolate reductase, during a 24 h exposure to clinically achievable methotrexate concentrations. Intracellular retention of polyglutamates led to prolonged suppression of thymidine synthesis and loss of cell viability after removal of extracellular drug. This work identified methotrexate polyglutamates as biologically active enzyme inhibitors in human tumor cells and launched a series of investigations on the interaction of these derivatives with folate‐requiring enzymes.
SUCCESSION OF GROUND COVER VEGETATION IN HYLOCOMIOSA FOREST SITE TYPE AFTER THE CLEARCUT

Nowadays forestry sector uses forest site type descriptions developed from beginning of 20 th century till 1980’s and descriptions are obtained for pre-mature and mature stand age. There is less information about ground cover vegetation for full rotation cycle. In this research has been gathered information about ground cover vegetation succession in first 5 years after clear cut in mature Scots pine stand. The chronosequence method was used. The Brown-Blanquet and the point-square methods for accounting of ground cover plants were used. The ecological values of Ellenberg for describing the environmental status and the coefficient of Tschekanovsky for estimation of the difference between plant communities in forest young growths of different age were used. The biological diversity of species in this research compared to mature stand also is increasing. Ellenberg’s ecological indicator values as light and nitrogen are also increasing: nitrogen value has increased the most - by 2.62 units. There are registered changes in vascular plants, mosses, lichens and trees projective covering’s proportion. The most significant changes in individual species occurrence are between the second and third year's (Tschekanovsky coefficient = 0.19). Five years after clear cut the Tschekanovsky coefficient between the mature stand and five years old clearing is 0.18. In the 4th and 5th year after the clear cut there increase the projective cover of Monocotyledonae plants (families Graminaea and Cyperaceae ) forming higher vertical structure and overtaking the dominance from another groups. The results obtained in this research promote further research in different stand age. Keywords: clear cut, forest site type, ground cover vegetation, rotation cycle, succession Article DOI: http://doi.org/10.15544/RD.2017. 110
An Analysis of Convex Relaxations for MAP Estimation

The problem of obtaining the maximum a posteriori estimate of a general discrete random field (i.e. a random field defined using a finite and discrete set of labels) is known to be NP-hard. However, due to its central importance in many applications, several approximate algorithms have been proposed in the literature. In this paper, we present an analysis of three such algorithms based on convex relaxations: (i) LP-S: the linear programming (LP) relaxation proposed by Schlesinger [20] for a special case and independently in [4, 12, 23] for the general case; (ii) QP-RL: the quadratic programming (QP) relaxation by Ravikumar and Lafferty [18]; and (iii) SOCP-MS: the second order cone programming (SOCP) relaxation first proposed by Muramatsu and Suzuki [16] for two label problems and later extended in [14] for a general label set. We show that the SOCP-MS and the QP-RL relaxations are equivalent. Furthermore, we prove that despite the flexibility in the form of the constraints/objective function offered by QP and SOCP, the LP-S relaxation strictly dominates (i.e. provides a better approximation than) QP-RL and SOCP-MS. We generalize these results by defining a large class of SOCP (and equivalent QP) relaxations which is dominated by the LP-S relaxation. Based on these results we propose some novel SOCP relaxations which strictly dominate the previous approaches.
Measurements of the deuteron and proton magnetic form factors at large momentum transfers.

magnetic form factor Gstr(Q2) at 11 Q values between 0.49 and 1.75 (GeV/c) . The data were ob- tained using an electron beam of 0.5 to 1.3 GeV. Electrons backscattered near 180' were detected in coincidence with deuterons or protons recoiling near 0 in a large solid-angle double-arm spectrome- ter system. The data for B(Q ) are found to decrease rapidly from Q =1.2 to 2 (GeV/c), and then rise to a secondary maximum around Q'=2. 5 (GeV/c)'. Reasonable agreement is found with several different models, including those in the relativistic impulse approximation, nonrelativistic calculations that include meson-exchange currents, isobar configurations, and six-quark configurations, and one calculation based on the Skyrme model. All calculations are very sensitive to the choice of deuteron wave function and nucleon form factor parametrization. The data for GMr(Q') are in good agreement with the empirical dipole fit.