Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Delay Mismatch Insensitive Dead Time Generator for High-Voltage Switched-Mode Power Amplifiers

The Design of efficient, safe, and reliable circuits is a prime objective in high-voltage (HV) electronic systems, such as switched-mode power amplifiers (PAs). One of the main causes of efficiency degradation and reliability problems, in these amplifiers, is the shoot-through current from the HV power supply to the ground. To eliminate such current, a dead time generator (DTG) is used to modify the signals propagating through the high-side and low-side gate drivers by adding a fixed dead time between them. However, any delay mismatch between these gate drivers can reduce the dead time to the point that it becomes negative. In this paper, an HV-DTG architecture is introduced. The architecture mitigates the effects of delay mismatch variations in gate drivers, which can result from parameters mismatch, fabrication process variations, and temperature variations. An HV switched-mode class-D power amplifier is used to illustrate the performance of the DTG. The amplifier is implemented in a low-cost <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.35~\mu m$ </tex-math></inline-formula> HV CMOS process. The total area of the PA is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.5~mm^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, where the DTG covers an area of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.066~mm^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. A measured system’s efficiency of 95.14% is achieved with the shortest dead time of 10.8 ns, which is 1.38x smaller than the generated dead time in comparable state-of-the-art HV dead time generators.
Junior high school students’ mathematical literacy in terms of mathematical self-efficacy

Mathematical literacy and self-efficacy are critical in learning, especially mathematics. In contrast to previous studies, which only describe mathematical literacy and self-efficacy, this study aims to describe the ability of mathematical literacy in terms of mathematical self-efficacy. This research was a survey research qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results of this study indicate that the mathematical literacy abilities of grade VIII students in junior high school in Yogyakarta with sample 436 students are in a low category and the mathematical self-efficacy in the medium category. The higher the students’ mathematical self-efficacy, the higher their mathematical literacy. Students with high mathematical self-efficacy also tend to keep their maximum effort because they have the confidence to solve math literacy questions. Students with medium mathematical self-efficacy tend to doubt their abilities when facing difficult mathematical literacy questions. Students with low mathematical self-efficacy tend not to be confident in solving them because they think they lack mathematical abilities. This research is expected to map the mathematical literacy abilities of junior high school students in Yogyakarta. Besides, it can make material for reflection in world education to improve it.
Plasticized Mechanical Recycled PLA Films Reinforced with Microbial Cellulose Particles Obtained from Kombucha Fermented in Yerba Mate Waste

In this study, yerba mate waste (YMW) was used to produce a kombucha beverage, and the obtained microbial cellulose produced as a byproduct (KMW) was used to reinforce a mechanically recycled poly(lactic acid) (r-PLA) matrix. Microbial cellulosic particles were also produced in pristine yerba mate for comparison (KMN). To simulate the revalorization of the industrial PLA products rejected during the production line, PLA was subjected to three extrusion cycles, and the resultant pellets (r3-PLA) were then plasticized with 15 wt. % of acetyl tributyl citrate ester (ATBC) to obtain optically transparent and flexible films by the solvent casting method. The plasticized r3-PLA-ATBC matrix was then loaded with KMW and KMN in 1 and 3 wt. %. The use of plasticizer allowed a good dispersion of microbial cellulose particles into the r3-PLA matrix, allowing us to obtain flexible and transparent films which showed good structural and mechanical performance. Additionally, the obtained films showed antioxidant properties, as was proven by release analyses conducted in direct contact with a fatty food simulant. The results suggest the potential interest of these recycled and biobased materials, which are obtained from the revalorization of food waste, for their industrial application in food packaging and agricultural films.
Application of the concurrent complementary operators method to numerically derived absorbing boundary conditions

The concurrent complementary operators method (C–COM) has been demonstrated to be a highly effective mesh truncation technique for the simulation of electromagnetic open‐region transient or time‐harmonic problems. In previous work, the C–COM was applied to analytically derived absorbing boundary conditions (ABCs). In this work, we show that the C–COM can be applied to the wider class of highly effective and versatile numerically derived ABCs. As a demonstration of the validity of this generalization, we consider the case of a Liao ABC, and show that high accuracy can be obtained. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 272–275, 2002.
Properties of vacancy defects in GaAs single crystals

The electrical properties of GaAs single crystals were measured after annealing at various elevated temperatures in controlled atmospheres. Two types of defects were introduced as the result of annealing: (i) donors having a high concentration near the surface and (ii) acceptors having a lower surface concentration but extending further into the crystal. The As overpressure dependencies indicate that the donors are As vacancies and the acceptors are Ga vacancies since their respective concentrations are proportional to iPAs4−1/4 and iPAs4+1/4. The entropy and enthalpy changes for the vacancy formation reactions at the surface were evaluated, based on experimental data and thermodynamic analysis. The diffusion coefficients of vacancies follow the relations D (VGa) =2.1×10−3 exp(−2.1/kT) and D (VAs) =7.9×103 exp(−4.0/kT). Both types of vacancies form nonradiative centers as determined from photoluminescence experiments.
Continuous local martingales and stochastic integration in UMD Banach spaces

Recently, van Neerven, Weis and the author, constructed a theory for stochastic integration of UMD Banach space valued processes. Here the authors use a (cylindrical) Brownian motion as an integrator. In this note we show how one can extend these results to the case where the integrator is an arbitrary real-valued continuous local martingale. We give several characterizations of integrability and prove a version of the Itô isometry, the Burkholder–Davis–Gundy inequality, the Itô formula and the martingale representation theorem.
Genomic Characterization of Rare Primary Cardiac Sarcoma Entities

Primary cardiac sarcomas are considered rare malignant entities associated with poor prognosis. In fact, knowledge regarding their gene signature and possible treatments is still limited. In our study, whole-transcriptome sequencing on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from one cardiac osteosarcoma and one cardiac leiomyosarcoma was performed, to investigate their mutational profiles and to highlight differences and/or similarities to other cardiac histotypes. Both cases have been deeply detailed from a pathological point of view. The osteosarcoma sample presented mutations involving ATRX, ERCC5, and COL1A1, while the leiomyosarcoma case showed EXT2, DNM2, and PSIP1 alterations. Altered genes, along with the most differentially expressed genes in the leiomyosarcoma or osteosarcoma sample versus the cardiac angiosarcomas and intimal sarcomas (e.g., YAF2, PAK5, and CRABP1), appeared to be associated with cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and the repair of DNA damage, which are key mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis. Moreover, a distinct gene expression profile was detected in the osteosarcoma sample when compared to other cardiac sarcomas. For instance, WIF1, a marker of osteoblastic differentiation, was upregulated in our bone tumor. These findings pave the way for further studies on these entities, in order to identify targeted therapies and, therefore, improve patients’ prognoses.
Progress on carbon for electrochemical capacitors

Electrochemical capacitors bridge the energy gap between conventional dielectric capacitors and batteries. The energy storage mechanism relies on purely physical electrical double‐layer charging (EDL) and the faradaic process involving fast electrochemical redox reactions. These processes are strongly influenced by the surface area, porosity, electrical conductivity of the electrode materials, and the operating potential window of the electrolyte used. Carbonaceous materials play enormous roles in delivering outstanding electrochemical performance in electrochemical supercapacitors (ESCs) due to attractive material features suitable for high charge storage and release. However, due to the purely EDL‐based charge storage mechanism in only carbon‐based ESCs, the achievable energy density is low and hardly meets the high energy density demanding applications. Therefore, various carbon structures such as activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and so on are designed and integrated with other hetero atoms or combined with transition metal oxides and polymer components to induce the pseudo‐capacitive contributions via the electrochemical faradaic reaction. Thus, promoting the electrochemical performance of ESC based on the hybrid/composite material attributed to synergistic capacitances from EDLC and pseudocapacitance. Therefore, this review overviews the general perspective of the ESCs based on nanocarbons with various forms trending the progressive research contributions in developing high‐performance ESCs.
Ohmic heating as evidence for strong field‐aligned currents in filamentary aurora

A large increase in electron temperature measured in filamentary aurora with the European incoherent scatter radar has been modeled with a one-dimensional electron transport and ion chemistry code. To account for the observed changes in electron temperature, while also reproducing the measured E region electron density profiles, a source of electron heating is required in addition to local heating from energy degradation of the precipitating electrons. We show that ohmic heating in a strong field-aligned current can account for the required heat source.
Immune-Based Combinations versus Sorafenib as First-Line Treatment for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis

Recent years have observed the emergence of novel therapeutic opportunities for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), such as combination therapies including immune checkpoint inhibitors. We performed a meta-analysis with the aim to compare median overall survival (OS), median progression-free survival (PFS), complete response (CR) rate, and partial response (PR) rate in advanced HCC patients receiving immune-based combinations versus sorafenib. A total of 2176 HCC patients were available for the meta-analysis (immune-based combinations = 1334; sorafenib = 842) and four trials were included. Immune-based combinations decreased the risk of death by 27% (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.65–0.83; p < 0.001); similarly, a PFS benefit was observed (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.5–0.84; p < 0.001). In addition, immune-based combinations showed better CR rate and PR rate, with ORs of 12.4 (95% CI, 3.02–50.85; p < 0.001) and 3.48 (95% CI, 2.52–4.8; p < 0.03), respectively. The current study further confirms that first-line immune-based combinations have a place in the management of HCC. The CR rate observed in HCC patients receiving immune-based combinations appears more than twelve times higher compared with sorafenib monotherapy, supporting the long-term benefit of these combinatorial strategies, with even the possibility to cure advanced disease.
Lateral-Directional Aerodynamics of a Canard Guided Spin Stabilized Projectile at Supersonic Velocity

A computational study performed for a canard guided spin stabilized projectile using finite volume TVD schemes is described in this paper. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling and analysis of the spinning projectile with fixed canard are conducted to determine the lateral-directional aerodynamic coefficients at three supersonic speeds and various angles of attack. The analyses provide a detailed understanding of the effects of canard with different circumferential position on lateral-directional aerodynamic coefficients, and the results show that side force coefficient and yaw moment coefficient vary periodically with the circumferential position angles of canard.
Spherically symmetric solutions of gauge theories in eight dimensions

Linear relations among the fields of a gauge theory in eight dimensions derived from a secular equation invariant under a SO(7) subgroup are particularly interesting. The authors present here the spherical solutions corresponding to this case when the gauge group is SO(7) or SO(8). In the former case the solution can be made regular everywhere.
Large-scale structure in isocurvature baryon models

Formation and evolution of large-scale structure in isocurvature baryon models are studied using cosmological N-body simulations. Our models assume spatially flat universes comprising baryon density parameter Ω b =0.1-0.2 and the residual cosmological constant λ=1-Ω b . Then the results of the simulations mainly provide constraints on the spectral index n of the primordial density fluctuations.
How can machine learning help in understanding the impact of climate change on crop yields?

Ordinary least squares linear regression (LR) has long been a popular choice among researchers interested in using historical data for estimating crop yield response to climate change. Today, the rapidly growing field of machine learning (ML) offers a wide range of advanced statistical tools that are increasingly being used for more accurate estimates of this relationship. This study compares LR to a popular ML technique called boosted regression trees (BRTs). We find that BRTs provide a significantly better prediction accuracy compared to various LR specifications, including those fitting quadratic and piece-wise linear functions. BRTs are also able to identify break points where the relationship between climate and yield undergoes significant shifts (for example, increasing yields with precipitation followed by a plateauing of the relationship beyond a certain point). Tests we performed with synthetically simulated climate and crop yield data showed that BRTs can automatically account for not only spatial variation in climate–yield relationships, but also interactions between different variables that affect crop yields. We then used both statistical techniques to estimate the influence of historical climate change on rice, wheat, and pearl millet in India. BRTs predicted a considerably smaller negative impact compared to LR. This may be an artifact of BRTs conflating time and climate variables, signaling a potential weakness of models with excessively flexible functional forms for inferring climate impacts on agriculture. Our findings thus suggest caution while interpreting the results from single-model analyses, especially in regions with highly varied climate and agricultural practices.
Classical theory of nonlinear Compton scattering

Summary from only given. The covariant dynamics of a single electron subjected to the electromagnetic field of an intense, ultrashort laser pulse in vacuum is studied theoretically at arbitrary intensities, in the context of the Dirac-Lorentz equation, which has long been suggested as a possible theory including the radiative reaction due to the electron self-interaction. A brief review of the Lorentz-Maxwell electrodynamics including canonical invariants and scattered light spectra is given, with a special emphasis on frequency modulation effects associated to the nonlinear relativistic Doppler shift induced by radiation pressure on the backscattered radiation. For circular polarization, an exact analytical expression for the full nonlinear spectrum is derived and presented. It is found that the scattering of coherent light by an electron describing a well-behaved trajectory can yield chaotic spectra when the laser ponderomotive force strongly modulates the electron's proper time. The Dirac-Lorentz equation is then derived and integrated numerically backward in time to ensure convergence towards the unique acausal solution satisfying the Dirac-Rohrlich asymptotic conditions (no runaway, law of inertia), and its consequences are investigated in terms of nonlinear Compton scattering. The relevance of this work to laser acceleration, as well as ongoing nonlinear Compton scattering experiments at SLAG and to the proposed /spl gamma/-/spl gamma/-collider is also discussed.
Characteristic Evaluation of Recombinant MiSp/Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) Acid (PLGA) Nanofiber Scaffolds as Potential Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

Biomaterial-based nanofibrous scaffolds are the most effective alternative to bone transplantation therapy. Here, two recombinant minor ampullate spidroins (spider silk proteins), R1SR2 and NR1SR2C, were blended with Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) Acid (PLGA), respectively, to generate nanofiber scaffolds by electrospinning. The N-terminal (N), C-terminal (C), repeating (R1 and R2) and spacer (S) modules were all derived from the minor ampullate spidroins (MiSp). The physical properties and structures of the blended scaffolds were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Tensile mechanical testing. The results showed that blending of MiSp (R1SR2 and NR1SR2C) reduced the diameter of nanofibers, increased the porosity and glass transition temperatures of nanofibrous scaffolds, and effectively improved the hydrophilicity and ultimate strain of scaffolds. It is worth noting that the above changes were more significant in the presence of the N- and C-termini of MiSp. In cell culture assays, human bone mesenchymal stem cells (HBMSCs) grown on NR1SR2C/PLGA (20/80) scaffolds displayed markedly enhanced proliferative and adhesive abilities compared with counterparts grown on pure PLGA scaffolds. Jointly, these findings indicated recombinant MiSp/PLGA, particularly NR1SR2C/PLGA (20/80) blend nanofibrous scaffolds, is promising for bone tissue engineering.
Comprehensive Study of Machine learning Algorithms for Stock Market Prediction during COVID-19

The stock market has always drawn investors' attention. Stock trend forecasting tools are in high demand because they facilitate the direct acquisition of profits. The more precise the results, the greater the likelihood of generating a greater profit. Statistically, only 3% of the Indian population invests in stocks, and at the time of COVID-19, that number was even lower, as the stock market was not based on general patterns and equations but rather on the emotional quotient of the people. Such a circumstance increased the stock market's vulnerability. The pandemic factor, such as the case of COVID-19, influences the stock market's trends. Technical analysis of market trends is a technique for interpreting past and present prices to forecast likely future prices. Several deep learning and machine learning algorithms are utilized to generate stock market forecasts, wherein LSTM and ARIMA models have been proven to produce reasonably accurate results. The prior works focused on individual models and their components to provide forecasts. Thus, this paper aims to compare the two well-established models and provide investors with models that work well with data and have appropriate parameter values. The LSTM and ARIMA models are presented because they provide appropriate results using technical analysis of the data set, and the results are to be compared. The closing values from the historic stock prices of the top three Indian hospitality industries were used as the data set. The results show that the individual models work well when the data matches the model and the appropriate parameter is used.
Coherent two-dimensional lasing action in surface-emitting laser with triangular-lattice photonic crystal structure

Lasing action of a surface-emitting laser with a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure is investigated. The photonic crystal has a triangular-lattice structure composed of InP and air holes, which is integrated with an InGaAsP/InP multiple-quantum-well active layer by a wafer fusion technique. Uniform two-dimensional lasing oscillation based on the coupling of light propagating in six equivalent Γ−X directions is successfully observed, where the wavelength of the active layer is designed to match the folded (second-order) Γ point of the Γ−X direction. The very narrow divergence angle of far field pattern and/or the lasing spectrum, which is considered to reflect the two-dimensional stop band, also indicate that the lasing oscillation occurs coherently.
Until death do us part? In‐depth insights into Dutch consumers’ considerations about product lifetimes and lifetime extension

Long‐lasting electronic products contribute to a sustainable society; however, both expected and actual lifetimes are in decline. This research provides in‐depth insights into consumers’ considerations about product lifetimes, barriers to extending lifetimes, and responses to a product lifetime label. Results of interviews (n = 22) with Dutch consumers suggest a positive view on long‐lasting products. Nevertheless, their products’ value depreciated during their lifetimes. Consumers consider themselves unable to estimate how long products should last, which can be detrimental as low expectations tend to negatively influence actual lifetimes. Also, use intensity and consumers’ care(less) behavior influence the lifetime. To extend product lifetimes, consumers often disregard the option of repairing malfunctioning products. They have limited knowledge and ability, and believe repair provides poor value for money. Lifetime extension can also be hindered by market‐related factors, such as convenient replacement services, new technological developments, and (attractive) deals. We suggest a product lifetime label should contain relevant and reliable information; furthermore, we recommend including (extended) warranty information. When information about repairability is included, potential negative responses should be considered. Finally, raising awareness about the environmental impact of short‐lived products via a label may have a positive effect but requires more research attention.
Variable selection in joint mean and variance models of Box–Cox transformation

In many applications, a single Box–Cox transformation cannot necessarily produce the normality, constancy of variance and linearity of systematic effects. In this paper, by establishing a heterogeneous linear regression model for the Box–Cox transformed response, we propose a hybrid strategy, in which variable selection is employed to reduce the dimension of the explanatory variables in joint mean and variance models, and Box–Cox transformation is made to remedy the response. We propose a unified procedure which can simultaneously select significant variables in the joint mean and variance models of Box–Cox transformation which provide a useful extension of the ordinary normal linear regression models. With appropriate choice of the tuning parameters, we establish the consistency of this procedure and the oracle property of the obtained estimators. Moreover, we also consider the maximum profile likelihood estimator of the Box–Cox transformation parameter. Simulation studies and a real example are used to illustrate the application of the proposed methods.