Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social tolerance of working time scheduling in nursing

Abstract Six criteria of social tolerance for working time scheduling are introduced. They are based on the perspective of the persons concerned and cover six aspects: Job security and access to labour markets, income, health, relationships in life partnerships, participation in social life and degree of autonomy for working time scheduling. The relative importance of these criteria and the intervening role of autonomy in working time scheduling and of gender on the impact of different working time schedules (regular daytime, shiftwork, permanent nightwork) on stress, burnout and well-being were investigated in a study with 297 nurses from a German general hospital. Standardized scales with internal consistencies of between . 66 and . 95 were used to measure autonomy for working time scheduling as well as 12 facets of stress, burnout and well-being. Analyses were performed by descriptive statistics, t-tests and multivariate analyses of covariance. Results show: 1) the dominance of health related and social .
Variable-Focus Liquid Lens Integrated with a Planar Electromagnetic Actuator

In this paper, we design, fabricate and characterize a new electromagnetically actuated variable-focus liquid lens which consists of two polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) substrates, a SU-8 substrate, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane, a permanent magnet and a planar electromagnetic actuator. The performance of this liquid lens is tested from four aspects including surface profiling, optical observation, variation of focal length and dynamic response speed. The results shows that with increasing current, the optical chamber PDMS membrane bulges up into a shape with a smaller radius of curvature, and the picture recorded by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera through the liquid lens also gradually becomes blurred. As the current changes from −1 to 1.2 A, the whole measured focal length of the proposed liquid lens ranges from −133 to −390 mm and from 389 to 61 mm. Then a 0.8 A square-wave current is applied to the electrode, and the actuation time and relaxation time are 340 and 460 ms, respectively. The liquid lens proposed in the paper is easily integrated with microfluidic chips and medical detecting instruments due to its planar structure.
Ajoene, a Sulfur-Rich Molecule from Garlic, Inhibits Genes Controlled by Quorum Sensing

ABSTRACT In relation to emerging multiresistant bacteria, development of antimicrobials and new treatment strategies of infections should be expected to become a high-priority research area. Quorum sensing (QS), a communication system used by pathogenic bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa to synchronize the expression of specific genes involved in pathogenicity, is a possible drug target. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies revealed a significant inhibition of P. aeruginosa QS by crude garlic extract. By bioassay-guided fractionation of garlic extracts, we determined the primary QS inhibitor present in garlic to be ajoene, a sulfur-containing compound with potential as an antipathogenic drug. By comprehensive in vitro and in vivo studies, the effect of synthetic ajoene toward P. aeruginosa was elucidated. DNA microarray studies of ajoene-treated P. aeruginosa cultures revealed a concentration-dependent attenuation of a few but central QS-controlled virulence factors, including rhamnolipid. Furthermore, ajoene treatment of in vitro biofilms demonstrated a clear synergistic, antimicrobial effect with tobramycin on biofilm killing and a cease in lytic necrosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Furthermore, in a mouse model of pulmonary infection, a significant clearing of infecting P. aeruginosa was detected in ajoene-treated mice compared to a nontreated control group. This study adds to the list of examples demonstrating the potential of QS-interfering compounds in the treatment of bacterial infections.
Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Implantation Without Reversal of Warfarin Therapy

The study evaluated all patients undergoing permanent pacemaker and ICD implantation over a 4‐year period to determine if anticoagulated patients required normalization of coagulation factors in the periprocedural period. The study included 1,025 (597 men, 428 women, age 24–100 years, mean 72 years) consecutive patients who underwent device implantation using mostly a percutaneous subclavian approach. The procedures were performed without reversal of anticoagulation in 470 patients with INRs ≥ 1.5 at the time of the procedure (mean INR 2.6 ± 1.0, range 1.5–7.5). The complication rate in the anticoagulated group was similar to those in patients with a normal INR. Routine normalization of coagulation factors prior to pacemaker/ICD placement may not be necessary. (PACE 2004; 27:358–360)
Associations between the organisation of stroke services, process of care, and mortality in England: prospective cohort study

Objective To estimate the relations between the organisation of stroke services, process measures of care quality, and 30 day mortality in patients admitted with acute ischaemic stroke. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Hospitals (n=106) admitting patients with acute stroke in England and participating in the Stroke Improvement National Audit Programme and 2010 Sentinel Stroke Audit. Participants 36 197 adults admitted with acute ischaemic stroke to a participating hospital from 1 April 2010 to 30 November 2011. Main outcome measure Associations between process of care (the assessments, interventions, and treatments that patients receive) and 30 day all cause mortality, adjusting for patient level characteristics. Process of care was measured using six individual measures of stroke care and summarised into an overall quality score. Results Of 36 197 patients admitted with acute ischaemic stroke, 25 904 (71.6%) were eligible to receive all six care processes. Patients admitted to stroke services with high organisational scores were more likely to receive most (5 or 6) of the six care processes. Three of the individual processes were associated with reduced mortality, including two care bundles: review by a stroke consultant within 24 hours of admission (adjusted odds ratio 0.86, 95%confidence interval 0.78 to 0.96), nutrition screening and formal swallow assessment within 72 hours (0.83, 0.72 to 0.96), and antiplatelet therapy and adequate fluid and nutrition for first the 72 hours (0.55, 0.49 to 0.61). Receipt of five or six care processes was associated with lower mortality compared with receipt of 0-4 in both multilevel (0.74, 0.66 to 0.83) and instrumental variable analyses (0.62, 0.46 to 0.83). Conclusions Patients admitted to stroke services with higher levels of organisation are more likely to receive high quality care as measured by audited process measures of acute stroke care. Those patients receiving high quality care have a reduced risk of death in the 30 days after stroke, adjusting for patient characteristics and controlling for selection bias.
Injuries and muscle soreness during the one repetition maximum assessment in a cardiac rehabilitation population.

BACKGROUND Strength training (ST) may be beneficial for preservation of lean tissue, increasing bone mineral content, decreasing falls, and enhancing quality of life. Strength training is becoming an appropriate mode of exercise for cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients. One method for determining optimal exercise intensity for safe and effective ST requires one repetition maximum (1RM) testing. Clinicians may be reluctant to perform 1RM testing in CR patients because of potential muscle soreness/injury and adverse hemodynamic responses in deconditioned patients. The purpose of this investigation was to perform 1RM testing in CR patients and determine muscle soreness/injury rate. METHODS Seventy-four CR patients stratified by risk (low n = 30, intermediate n = 21, high n = 23) and sex (males = 55, females = 19) participated. Subject's ages ranged from 39 to 76 years and time from procedure ranged from 19 days to 2 years. No patient had ever undergone 1RM testing. The method of Kraemer and Fry was used to assess 1RM. High-risk patients' heart rates/rhythms and blood pressures were monitored. Patients were evaluated for occurrence of muscle soreness/injury immediately after 1RM testing and on days 2 and 7 using a soreness scale developed by Shaw et al. Muscle soreness/injury was considered significant if a patient reported altering or stopping physical activities. RESULTS No injury or significant muscle soreness occurred as a result of 1RM testing. No abnormal heart rate/rhythm or blood pressure responses occurred in high-risk patients. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that with proper technique, 1RM testing may be performed in CR patients without injury or significant muscle soreness.
Improved single-event hardness of trench power MOSFET with a widened split gate

In this paper, a new 200V power MOSFET structure with a widened split gate trench to enhance single-event radiation hardness is proposed and studied by numerical simulation. The new MOSFET not only offers a great Rds(on)×Qgd FOM, but also 55.3% wider radiation-hard Safe Operating Area (RHSOA) than the conventional trench MOSFET and split gate structure. The RHSOA advantage of the new device structure is due to the elimination of P-well region beneath the N+ source to almost completely suppress the influence of the parasitic NPN transistor, which is caused by the widened gate trench structure. In addition, this fabricating technology is compatible with the standard trench fabricating technology and the structure feature can be applied for all voltage ratings device with trench gate design. This new power MOSFET structure provides a great potential in space and aerospace power application.
Epstein – Barr virus-mediated B-cell proliferation is dependent upon latent membrane protein 1 , which simulates an activated CD 40 receptor

The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is essential for the immortalization of human B cells and is linked etiologically to several human tumors. LMP1 is an integral membrane protein which acts like a constitutively active receptor. It binds tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor-associated factors (TRAFs), activates NF-κB and triggers the transcription factor AP-1 via the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) cascade, but its specific contribution to B-cell immortalization has not been elucidated fully. To address the function of LMP1, we established B cell lines with a novel mini-EBV plasmid in which the LMP1 gene can be regulated at will without affecting the expression of other latent EBV genes. We demonstrate here that continuous expression of LMP1 is essential for the proliferation of EBV-immortalized B cells in vitro. Re-induction of LMP1 expression or activation of the cellular CD40 receptor both induce the JNK signaling cascade, activate the transcription factor NF-κB and stimulate proliferation of these B cells. Our findings strongly suggest that LMP1 mimics B-cell activation processes which are physiologically triggered by CD40–CD40 ligand signals. Since LMP1 acts in a ligand-independent manner, it replaces the T cell-derived activation signal to sustain indefinite B-cell proliferation.
Reported Physical Health in Resistance Veterans from World War II

Male Dutch Resistance veterans from World War II who reported on chronic diseases were compared with subjects from a population survey. Resistance veterans in general reported significantly more disease. Veterans with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder reported more disease than those who had none. Furthermore, 13 specific disease categories were more prevalent in the Resistance veterans than in the general population. In the Resistance veterans total number of reported diseases was significantly correlated with anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. In Resistance veterans weekly tobacco use was comparable to that of the control subjects, but alcohol consumption was significantly less.
Implantable 9-Channel Telemetry System for In Vivo Load Measurements With Orthopedic Implants

Knowledge of the loads to which orthopedic implants are subjected is a fundamental prerequisite for their optimal biomechanical design, long-term success, and improved rehabilitation outcomes. In vivo load measurements are more accurate than those obtained using mathematical musculoskeletal models. An inductively powered integrated circuit inside the implant measures six load components as well as the temperature and supplied voltage. This low-power circuit includes a 9-channel multiplexer, a programmable memory, a pulse interval modulator, and a radio-frequency transmitter. Together with a few passive components, the integrated circuit is mounted on a ceramic substrate with thick-film hybrid technology. The sensor signals are multiplexed, modulated, and transmitted to an external device. The microcontroller of the external device regulates the alternating magnetic field produced by a power oscillator and synchronizes the pulse interval modulated data stream. A personal computer displays forces, moments, and temperatures in real time. The new telemetry transmitter has, thus far, been used for in vivo load measurements in three patients with shoulder endoprostheses. Eight instrumented vertebral body replacements are ready for implantation, and an instrumented tibial tray is being submitted to laboratory tests
Studying and Using Multiple Documents in History: Effects of Discipline Expertise

Extensive training in history results in generalized knowledge of the methods and information sources typical of history problems, that is, discipline expertise. We investigated the influence of discipline expertise on students' reading, evaluation, and use of multiple documents about a historical controversy. Eleven graduate students in psychology (history novices) and 8 graduate students in history (history specialists) studied 2 controversies about the history of the Panama Canal. For each controversy, the students studied a set of documents, wrote an opinion essay, and evaluated the documents for usefulness and trustworthiness. Study strategies did not differ significantly across groups. However, the evaluation of usefulness varied as a function of document type and students' expertise. Furthermore, novice and expert students differed in the way they expressed and supported an opinion in their essay. We suggest that discipline expertise helps history students connect information sources and interpreta.
Stigmatised choices: social class, social exclusion and secondary school markets in the inner city

Abstract The transition to secondary school is rarely conceptualised as an important influence in maintaining and contributing to wider processes of social exclusion in the inner city. This article argues that the seeds of social exclusion are sown in under-resourced, struggling inner-city schooling, and their germination is found in class practices, particularly the exclusionary secondary school choice practices of the middle classes. Drawing on Jordan's conceptualisation of the choices available to parents in the new UK educational markets, we examine middle-class strategies of ‘voting with the feet’, exit and self-exclusion, plus the more covert practice of ‘exchanging addresses’. The article examines how these processes have implications for the construction of a polarized market where some schools are ‘demonized’ and others ‘idealized’ along class, racial and ethnic lines. It also raises questions about what it might mean for the mainly working-class children who have no choice but to go to such demonized schools.
Predictors of Sinus Rhythm after Radiofrequency Maze and Mitral Valve Surgery

The prevalence and predictors of postoperative sinus rhythm in patients undergoing a radiofrequency ablation maze operation and mitral valve surgery were assessed in 63 patients of whom 54 (86%) were in permanent atrial fibrillation. Operative mortality was 3.17%. At a median follow-up of 18 months, 54 (88.5%) patients were in sinus rhythm and 7 (11.5%) were in atrial fibrillation. The probability of sinus rhythm at 30 months was 92%. Left atrial diameter was the most significant prognostic factor for sinus rhythm on multivariate proportional-hazard regression analysis. The cutoff value of preoperative left atrial diameter for predicting persistent atrial fibrillation at 6 months was 6 cm (100% sensitivity and 73.6% specificity). The radiofrequency ablation maze operation can be performed in addition to mitral surgery with a high rate of successful conversion to sinus rhythm. Preoperative left atrial diameter < 6 cm is an important prognostic factor for sinus rhythm conversion.
Stimulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase Production by Recombinant Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer from Transfected Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells*

Many of the tumor-associated matrix metalloproteinases that are implicated in metastasis are produced by stromal fibroblasts within or surrounding the tumor in response to stimulation by factors produced by tumor cells. In this study we transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells with putative cDNA for human extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), a transmembrane glycoprotein that is attached to the surface of many types of malignant human tumor cells and that has previously been implicated in stimulation of matrix metalloproteinase production in fibroblasts. We show that these transfected cells synthesize EMMPRIN that is extensively post-translationally processed; this recombinant EMMPRIN stimulates human fibroblast production of interstitial collagenase, stromelysin-1, and gelatinase A (72-kDa type IV collagenase). We propose that EMMPRIN regulates matrix metalloproteinase production during tumor invasion and other processes involving tissue remodeling.
Conservative and surgical treatment of the chronic Charcot foot and ankle

Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a severe joint disease in the foot and ankle that can result in fracture, permanent deformity, and limb loss. It is a serious and potentially limb-threatening lower-extremity late complication of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this manuscript was to evaluate modern concepts of chronic CN through a review of the available literature and to integrate a perspective of management from the authors’ extensive experience.
A Simplified Novel Sensorless Control of SRM

This paper describes a simplified novel method of sensorless detecting excitation position for switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive. The proposed sensorless excitation position is based on the amplified detecting phase current by the short dc pulse voltage according to the rotor position during detecting period. In the proposed sensorless scheme, a phase winding has excitation, detecting and non-excitation period respectively. The turn-on and turn-off positions of SRM are determined by the detecting period of the previous excited and next exciting windings with detecting phase current levels that are inverse-proportional to rotor position. During the detecting period of a phase, the different phases turn-on and turn-off position are determined by the envelope of detected current level. After then detecting period is ended. In order to get the linear relationship of rotor position and detected phase current, a short test voltage is applied during detecting period. Since the proposed sensorless scheme does not use the complex inductance calculation and any look-up table of flux and position, the excitation pattern for SRM can be easily determined
Elections and the Media: The Supply Side

This paper examines the role of the media in modern elections. In particular, the media industry is included in a traditional spatial voting framework. Consumers are modeled as random utility maximizers, and predictions are obtained, including an incumbency/celebrity advantage, emphasis of news concerning front-runners and unknown candidates, higher levels of coverage of volatile issues, higher levels of horse-race coverage in heterogeneous electorates, and lower levels of issue coverage in competitive news markets. The paper also includes a brief, cursory look at media coverage of Perot's candidacies in 1992 and 1996, illustrating how the model can be used "out of the box. "
Routines Revisited: Exploring the Capabilities and Practice Perspectives

Organizational routines, repetitive patterns of interdependent organizational actions, have been investigated through the lens of capabilities, rooted in organizational economics, and the lens of practice, grounded in organization theory. The former approach emphasizes the “what” or “why,” while the latter emphasizes the “how. ” In this review, we summarize both of these literatures and explore recent empirical studies in each stream, identifying common themes. In particular, we compare and contrast how each perspective incorporates the effects of individual actors, tacit knowledge, ambidexterity, and context specificity. We find that the two streams of work have distinct trajectories and strengths, but elements of each can be complementary to developing a more holistic understanding of organizational routines.
THz Monolithic Integrated Circuits Using InP High Electron Mobility Transistors

In this paper, background describing THz monolithic integrated circuits using InP HEMT is presented. This three-terminal transistor technology has been used to realize amplifiers, mixers, and multipliers operating at 670 GHz. Transistor and processing technology, packaging technology, and circuit results at 670 GHz are described. The paper concludes with initial results from a 670-GHz InP HEMT receiver and trends for InP HEMT components.
Increased frequency of tetraploidy in cultured skin fibroblasts from extremities with reduction malformations.

A study was made of the frequency of polyploidy in fibroblast cultures from different types of reduction malformations. An increased frequency of tetraploid cells was found in skin cultures from biopsies taken from extremities with unilateral, longitudinal meromelia of unknown origin and from extremities with reduction malformation due to thalidomide embryopathy. The findings were compared with those in cultured fibroblasts from a healthy extremity in the same patient and from skin of non-malformed patients. Other malformations such as cleft lip and palate, bilateral reduction malformations of the extremities and unilateral terminal, transverse meromelia of unknown origin showed no increase in tetraploidy frequency. The possible pathogenetic importance of the observation is discussed.