Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Virtualization of Red-Button Signaling in Hybrid TV

Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HbbTV) is a European Hybrid TV standard that combines web-based technologies with traditional TV broadcast services. With the release of the HbbTV 2.0 specification in mid-February 2015, the HbbTV standard has begun to gain momentum worldwide, e.g. in North and South America, in Asia and in the UK. Indeed, the ATSC standard 3.0 in North America will be harmonized with the HbbTV 2.0 version. In Europe we have already faced the fact that the HbbTV device market has become very fragmented. This is due to versioning of the standard, various hardware capabilities of HbbTV devices or the lack of the HbbTV standard support on millions of devices. In this work we address the challenge of device fragmentation on the HbbTV market with a cloud-enabled HbbTV concept. This concept is based on the virtualization of HbbTV application signaling or the so-called Red-button signaling. The Red-button signaling is terminated, executed and handled within the Cloud in our approach. This work presents the architecture to enable the Cloud HbbTV approach and the implementation of this architecture. Finally, the architecture evaluation and corresponding challenges are presented.
Nasality in speech and its contribution to speaker individuality

The term nasality refers to the timbre of the nasal phonemes. It is also used to express the quality of sound that characterises some speakers. In this paper, we propose to classify nasality in natural speech into four types: phonemic nasality, nasality in assimilation, incidental nasality in the production of voiced plosives, and nasality associated with speaker individuality. Speech sounds recorded separately for oral and nasal outputs were analysed and the four types of nasality were observed individually. In order to investigate the relationship between the nasality in running speech and the perception of speaker similarity, we conducted an experiment. The results revealed that listeners rated speaker similarity exploiting phonemic nasality when it existed in the utterance and also used speakerrelated nasality regardless of the existence of phonemic nasals.
Enhancing protein disaggregation restores proteasome activity in aged cells

The activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, UPS, declines during aging in several multicellular organisms. The reason behind this decline remains elusive. Here, using yeast as a model system, we show that while the level and potential capacity of the 26S proteasome is maintained in replicatively aged cells, the UPS is not functioning properly in vivo. As a consequence cytosolic UPS substrates, such as ΔssCPY* are stabilized, accumulate, and form inclusions. By integrating a pGPD-HSP104 recombinant gene into the genome, we were able to constitutively elevate protein disaggregase activity, which diminished the accumulation of protein inclusions during aging. Remarkably, this elevated disaggregation restored degradation of a 26S proteasome substrate in aged cells without elevating proteasome levels, demonstrating that age-associated aggregation obstructs UPS function. The data supports the existence of a negative feedback loop that accelerates aging by exacerbating proteostatic decline once misfolded and aggregation-prone proteins reach a critical level.
Multilevel exploration in Twitter social stream

This paper describes a methodology approach and a tool dedicated to the exploration of the Twitter social stream by combining different contextual parameters such as time, keywords, gender or the opinion. The exploration can be made in two main modes depending on the fact that the phenomenon is either known or not. The first mode, similar to the use of Googlefight search engine, allows to compare the stream feedback for several groups of words. A typical example, that we will discuss, consists in evaluating trends in the domains of fashions or politic. The second mode consists in exploring the timeline of the social stream looking for unknown emerging events. This mode can be used to explore the past or to identify, in near real time, an event that will probably make the buzz.
Dead-zone robust adaptive controller for FACTS using Quadratic and Non-Quadratic Lyapunov Functions

Robust Adaptive control techniques have always been used in numerous industrial applications. In this paper, the dead-zone technique is used to damp growing oscillations in Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) which is regarded as a new control mechanism for FACTS. The developed controller will overcome the arising problems due to the uncertainty of system parameters and disturbances acting on the system by limiting the error signal of the terminal load voltage within a prescribed region named the dead-zone. This is achieved by adaptive tuning of the PI-controller parameters using Quadratic Lyapunov Function (QLF) and Non-Quadratic Lyapunov Function (NQLF). FACTS model used is a 14th order state-space model of a power network equipped a Static VAR Compensator (SVC). Simulation results, obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK program, are illustrated for both controllers and compared to confirm the capability of the suggested control techniques in restoring system dynamic stability and improving system performance.
WRKY54 and WRKY70 co-operate as negative regulators of leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana

The plant-specific WRKY transcription factor (TF) family with 74 members in Arabidopsis thaliana appears to be involved in the regulation of various physiological processes including plant defence and senescence. WRKY53 and WRKY70 were previously implicated as positive and negative regulators of senescence, respectively. Here the putative function of other WRKY group III proteins in Arabidopsis leaf senescence has been explored and the results suggest the involvement of two additional WRKY TFs, WRKY 54 and WRKY30, in this process. The structurally related WRKY54 and WRKY70 exhibit a similar expression pattern during leaf development and appear to have co-operative and partly redundant functions in senescence, as revealed by single and double mutant studies. These two negative senescence regulators and the positive regulator WRKY53 were shown by yeast two-hydrid analysis to interact independently with WRKY30. WRKY30 was expressed during developmental leaf senescence and consequently it is hypothesized that the corresponding protein could participate in a senescence regulatory network with the other WRKYs. Expression in wild-type and salicylic acid-deficient mutants suggests a common but not exclusive role for SA in induction of WRKY30, 53, 54, and 70 during senescence. WRKY30 and WRKY53 but not WRKY54 and WRKY70 are also responsive to additional signals such as reactive oxygen species. The results suggest that WRKY53, WRKY54, and WRKY70 may participate in a regulatory network that integrates internal and environmental cues to modulate the onset and the progression of leaf senescence, possibly through an interaction with WRKY30.
Why health insurance literacy matters.

progressed, a placental abruption may occur or a prolapsed umbilical cord drop through the cervix. Although such complications affect only 1% to 1.5% of pregnancies, if you don’t have the capacity to deal with them, it’s catastrophic for the fetus,” said Lawrence, who has delivered 7000 babies. Mairi BreenRothman, CNM,MSN,who has a home birth practice in the Washington, DC, area and is a board member of the AmericanCollegeofNurse-Midwives,agreed that rare complicationsarehandled faster in ahospital. “But therearealso risks in thehospital that don’t exist at home—a hospitalacquired, antibiotic-resistant infectionor an adverse reaction to regional anesthesia,” she wrote in an email.
Confluence, synnovation, and depauperons in plant diversification.

We review the empirical phylogenetic literature on plant diversification, highlighting challenges in separating the effects of speciation and extinction, in specifying diversification mechanisms, and in making convincing arguments. In recent discussions of context dependence, key opportunities and landscapes, and indirect effects and lag times, we see a distinct shift away from single-point/single-cause 'key innovation' hypotheses toward more nuanced explanations involving multiple interacting causal agents assembled step-wise through a tree. To help crystalize this emerging perspective we introduce the term 'synnovation' (a hybrid of 'synergy' and 'innovation') for an interacting combination of traits with a particular consequence ('key synnovation' in the case of increased diversification rate), and the term 'confluence' for the sequential coming together of a set of traits (innovations and synnovations), environmental changes, and geographic movements along the branches of a phylogenetic tree. We illustrate these concepts using the radiation of Bromeliaceae. We also highlight the generality of these ideas by considering how rate heterogeneity associated with a confluence relates to the existence of particularly species-poor lineages, or 'depauperons. ' Many challenges are posed by this re-purposed research framework, including difficulties associated with partial taxon sampling, uncertainty in divergence time estimation, and extinction.
Serum Biomarker Panels for the Detection of Pancreatic Cancer

Purpose: Serum–biomarker based screening for pancreatic cancer could greatly improve survival in appropriately targeted high-risk populations. Experimental Design: Eighty-three circulating proteins were analyzed in sera of patients diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC, n = 333), benign pancreatic conditions (n = 144), and healthy control individuals (n = 227). Samples from each group were split randomly into training and blinded validation sets prior to analysis. A Metropolis algorithm with Monte Carlo simulation (MMC) was used to identify discriminatory biomarker panels in the training set. Identified panels were evaluated in the validation set and in patients diagnosed with colon (n = 33), lung (n = 62), and breast (n = 108) cancers. Results: Several robust profiles of protein alterations were present in sera of PDAC patients compared to the Healthy and Benign groups. In the training set (n = 160 PDAC, 74 Benign, 107 Healthy), the panel of CA 19–9, ICAM-1, and OPG discriminated PDAC patients from Healthy controls with a sensitivity/specificity (SN/SP) of 88/90%, while the panel of CA 19–9, CEA, and TIMP-1 discriminated PDAC patients from Benign subjects with an SN/SP of 76/90%. In an independent validation set (n = 173 PDAC, 70 Benign, 120 Healthy), the panel of CA 19–9, ICAM-1 and OPG demonstrated an SN/SP of 78/94% while the panel of CA19–9, CEA, and TIMP-1 demonstrated an SN/SP of 71/89%. The CA19–9, ICAM-1, OPG panel is selective for PDAC and does not recognize breast (SP = 100%), lung (SP = 97%), or colon (SP = 97%) cancer. Conclusions: The PDAC-specific biomarker panels identified in this investigation warrant additional clinical validation to determine their role in screening targeted high-risk populations. Clin Cancer Res; 17(4); 805–16. ©2010 AACR.
Analogue Chromophore Study of the Influence of Electronic Perturbation on Color Regulation of Photoactive Yellow Protein†

Abstract We report a unique λmax shift of the absorption maximum of a photoactive yellow protein (PYP) analogue reconstituted with a fluorinated chromophore (F-PYP). The difference in λmax between the free chromophore and the protein was significantly larger than that with the native chromophore. We concluded that the unusual λmax shift is caused by the electronegative character of the fluorine atom and not by steric hindrance. This result suggests that formation of a hydrogen bond between the fluorine atom and one or more amino acid residues could neutralize its electron-withdrawing character. The properties of analogues of PYP with brominated and methylated chromophore could be explained as an effect of steric hindrance.
Eat the meat or feed the meat: protein turnover in remodeling muscle

Purpose of reviewThe present review outlines the role of muscle protein turnover in muscle remodeling, with emphasis on the effects of nutrition and exercise. Recent findingsProgress in our understanding of the pathways signaling and regulating protein synthesis and degradation, and thus protein turnover, in skeletal muscle has been substantial over the past decade. Protein synthesis and degradation jointly allow the active remodeling of skeletal muscle to adapt to changes in mechanical and metabolic demand. Nutrition and exercise are potent ways to stimulate protein turnover. This occurs in an amino acid and exercise-type (resistance versus endurance) and mode (lengthening and shortening)-specific manner. SummaryFor optimal muscle remodeling, the timing and type of feeding and exercise appear to be crucial.
Linear programming and unique sink orientations

We show that any linear program (LP) in n nonnegative variables and m equality constraints defines in a natural way a unique sink orientation of the n-dimensional cube. From the sink of the cube, we can either read off an optimal solution to the LP, or we obtain certificates for infeasibility or unboundedness.This reduction complements the implicit local neighborhoods induced by the vertex-edge structure of the feasible region with an explicit neighborhood structure that allows random access to all 2n candidate solutions. Using the currently best sink-finding algorithm for general unique sink orientations, we obtain the fastest deterministic LP algorithm in the RAM model, for the central case n = 2m.
Expression of an IKKγ Splice Variant Determines IRF3 and Canonical NF-κB Pathway Utilization in ssRNA Virus Infection

Single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus infection activates the retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)- mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) complex, a complex that coordinates the host innate immune response via the NF-κB and IRF3 pathways. Recent work has shown that the IκB kinase (IKK)γ scaffolding protein is the final common adapter protein required by RIG-I·MAVS to activate divergent rate-limiting kinases downstream controlling the NF-κB and IRF3 pathways. Previously we discovered a ubiquitous IKKγ splice-variant, IKKγΔ, that exhibits distinct signaling properties. Methodology/Principal Findings We examined the regulation and function of IKKγ splice forms in response to ssRNA virus infection, a condition that preferentially induces full length IKKγ-WT mRNA expression. In IKKγΔ-expressing cells, we found increased viral translation and cytopathic effect compared to those expressing full length IKKγ-WT. IKKγΔ fails to support viral-induced IRF3 activation in response to ssRNA infections; consequently type I IFN production and the induction of anti-viral interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) are significantly attenuated. By contrast, ectopic RIG-I·MAVS or TNFα-induced canonical NF-κB activation is preserved in IKKγΔ expressing cells. Increasing relative levels of IKKγ-WT to IKKγΔ (while keeping total IKKγ constant) results in increased type I IFN expression. Conversely, overexpressing IKKγΔ (in a background of constant IKKγ-WT expression) shows IKKγΔ functions as a dominant-negative IRF3 signaling inhibitor. IKKγΔ binds both IKK-α and β, but not TANK and IKKε, indicating that exon 5 encodes an essential TANK binding domain. Finally, IKKγΔ displaces IKKγWT from MAVS explaining its domainant negative effect. Conclusions/Significance Relative endogenous IKKγΔ expression affects cellular selection of inflammatory/anti-viral pathway responses to ssRNA viral infection.
An evaluation study of a link-based data diffusion machine

The Data Diffusion Machine (DDM) is a virtual shared memory architecture in which the data has no home location. In this paper we present a preliminary evaluation of a link-based DDM, show the influence of the major design parameters, and show the performance of a set of eight benchmark programs. Most programs are sensitive to item size but to varying degrees. The associativity is unimportant for system performance, apparently because of the size of the associative memories. The hardware is shown to be quite well balanced. Although the network latency is a critical factor for some programs, others gain more from a faster processor or a faster memory. Preliminary scalability results are quite encouraging. Except for a few cases, scalability is limited more by the software overheads in the application than by the DDM. The results will improve further when realistic topologies can be evaluated and when programs are run where locality has been a design issue.
Antidepressants in clinical practice: limitations of assessment methods and drug response

There is a recognized gap between knowledge derived from ‘efficacy’ data — based on usually brief randomized controlled trials and findings in natural practice ‘effectiveness’ studies. In considering the limitations of current antidepressants in clinical practice, we have selected three clinically important issues to examine in a natural practice data base that has been in existence for several years. These relate to: (1) Diagnostic heterogeneity and potential advances using functional brain imaging; (2) Variability of outcome measures during treatment and (3) Time to response and prediction of outcome. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Wald Consistency Theorem

A topological space is a Borel space if it is homeomorphic to a Borel subset of a Polish space (Bertsekas and Shreve, 1978, Definition 7.7). Examples of Borel spaces include any Borel subset of a Euclidean space Rd and, more generally, any Borel subset of a Polish space (Bertsekas and Shreve, 1978, Proposition 7.12). If X and Y are Borel spaces, a function g : X × Y → R is upper semianalytic if for every c ∈ R the set
The Role of the Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Adapting to Changes in Instrumental Contingency

In order to select actions appropriate to current needs, a subject must identify relationships between actions and events. Control over the environment is determined by the degree to which action consequences can be predicted, as described by action-outcome contingencies--i.e. performing an action should affect the probability of the outcome. We evaluated in a first experiment adaptation to contingency changes in rats with neurotoxic lesions of the medial prefrontal cortex. Results indicate that this brain region is not critical to adjust instrumental responding to a negative contingency where the rats must refrain from pressing a lever, as this action prevents reward delivery. By contrast, this brain region is required to reduce responding in a non-contingent situation where the same number of rewards is freely delivered and actions do not affect the outcome any more. In a second experiment, we determined that this effect does not result from a different perception of temporal relationships between actions and outcomes since lesioned rats adapted normally to gradually increasing delays in reward delivery. These data indicate that the medial prefrontal cortex is not directly involved in evaluating the correlation between action--and reward--rates or in the perception of reward delays. The deficit in lesioned rats appears to consist of an abnormal response to the balance between contingent and non-contingent rewards. By highlighting the role of prefrontal regions in adapting to the causal status of actions, these data contribute to our understanding of the neural basis of choice tasks.
On the 3D dynamics and morphology of inner rings

We argue that inner rings in barred spiral galaxies are associated with specific 2D and 3D families of periodic orbits located just beyond the end of the bar. These are families located between the inner radial ultraharmonic 4 : 1 resonance and corotation. They are found in the upper part of a type-2 gap of the x1 characteristic, and can account for the observed ring morphologies without any help from families of the x1-tree. Due to the evolution of the stability of all these families, the ring shapes that are favoured are mainly ovals, as well as polygons with ‘corners’ on the minor axis, on the sides of the bar. On the other hand, pentagonal rings, or rings of the NGC 7020-type hexagon, should be less probable. The orbits that make the rings belong in their vast majority to 3D families of periodic orbits and orbits trapped around them.
The effects of button arrangement on evaluations in interactive Genetic Algorithms

We discussed the effects of button arrangement on evaluations in interactive Genetic Algorithms (iGAs). It was reported that the visual interface effects human's subjective. The visual interface systems of iGAs may affect the solutions as humans evaluate the candidate solutions, evaluation of these candidates may be affected by the interface. In this paper, we conduct the two experiments. One of them is the experiment to verify the association between gazing and evaluation. The experiment showed that visual interface systems effects to the evaluation of human subjective. This means that evaluation value is changed according to visual interface or locations of systems. The other is the experiment to discuss the effect to iGA search. Since visual interface affects evaluation values, derived solution by iGA is different with along to the different visual interface. From these results, visual interface of iGA should be designed carefully to use the positive or negative effect of interface design and location.
Job strain and supervisor support in primary care health centres and glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study

Objectives This study investigates associations between healthcare personnel's perceived job strain, supervisor support and the outcome of care in terms of glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes. Design A cross-sectional study from 2006. Setting 18 primary care health centres (HCs) from five municipalities in Finland. Participants Aggregated survey data on perceived job strain and supervisor support from healthcare personnel (doctors, n=122, mean age 45.5 years, nurses, n=300, mean age 47.1 years) were combined with registered data (Electronic Medical Records) from 8975 patients (51% men, mean age 67 years) with type 2 diabetes. Outcome measure Poor glycaemic control (glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥7%). Results The mean HbA1c level among patients with type 2 diabetes was 7.1 (SD 1.2, range 4.5–19.1), and 43% had poor glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥7%). Multilevel logistic regression analyses, adjusted for patient's age and sex, and HC and HC service area-level characteristics, showed that patients’ HbA1c-levels were less optimal in high-strain HCs than in low-strain HCs (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.86). Supervisor support in HCs was not associated with the outcome of care. Conclusions The level of job strain among healthcare personnel may play a role in achieving good glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes.
Arsenic trioxide therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia and beyond: from bench to bedside

Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has a long history of use in medicine. However, it was almost forgotten in Western medicine in the recent centuries. Prompted by reports from China about successful treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with As2O3, there was again increasing interest in this drug in the 1990s. This review summarizes the considerable knowledge about the mechanisms of action of As2O3 that was gained during the last 5 - 10 years. It is focused in particular on the effects of As2O3 in non-APL cells. Since As2O3 seems to induce apoptosis and inhibits growth in a large variety of cellular targets, it might become an alternative or adjunct drug to conventional chemotherapy. As2O3 can even be effective in cells resistant to conventional cytostatic agents. Insight into the cellular mechanisms, in particular the impact of the redox state on sensitivity towards As2O3 opens the possibility to enhance As2O3 effects by appropriate combination therapies.