Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Design of Passive Polyphase Filters

Passive RC polyphase filters (PPFs) are analyzed in detail in this paper. First, a method to calculate the output signals of an n-stage PPF is presented. As a result, all relevant properties of PPFs, such as amplitude and phase imbalance and loss, are calculated. The rules for optimal pole frequency planning to maximize the image-reject ratio provided by a PPF are given. The loss of PPF is divided into two factors, namely the intrinsic loss caused by the PPF itself and the loss caused by termination impedances. Termination impedances known a priori can be used to derive such component values, which minimize the overall loss. The effect of parasitic capacitance and component value deviation are analyzed and discussed. The method of feeding the input signal to the first PPF stage affects the mechanisms of the whole PPF. As a result, two slightly different PPF topologies can be distinguished, and they are separately analyzed and compared throughout this paper. A design example is given to demonstrate the developed design procedure.
Analytical Extraction of a Schottky Diode Model From Broadband $S$ -Parameters

<? Pub Dtl? >We present an analytic method to extract Schottky diode parasitic model parameters. All the ten unknown model parameters are extracted via a straightforward step-by-step procedure. The challenges for a proper finger inductance and series resistance extraction are discussed and solutions are recommended. The proposed method is evaluated using three sets of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$S$</tex></formula>-parameter data for GaAs-based planar Schottky diodes, i.e., data from measurement up to 110 GHz and 3-D electromagnetic full-wave simulations up to 600 GHz. The extracted models agree well with the measured and simulated data.
Number of specific antibody-secreting cells in the peripheral blood among children with mycoplasma pneumonia

Mycoplasma pneumoniae-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) in the peripheral blood were enumerated with an enzyme-linked immunospot assay in 12 children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Those cells were detected in the acute phases and declined in number in the convalescent stage. The maximum numbers of M. pneumoniae-specific ASCs ranged from 0 to 478 for immunoglobulin G (IgG), 13 to 1,992 for IgM, and 0 to 53 for IgA per 106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells, whereas the total numbers (i.e., including both specific and nonspecific) of immunoglobulin-secreting cells (IgSCs) were as high as 4,000 for both IgG and IgM and 1,000 for IgA per 106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Such a great increase in the numbers of total IgSCs in comparison with that in M. pneumoniae-specific ASCs suggests that the majority of the IgSC increase in the course of mycoplasmal infection was nonspecific to M. pneumoniae. The serum level of M. pneumoniae antibody measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay remained high in the convalescent phase, while the number of specific ASCs decreased. Whereas this observation may be explained by declined degeneration or consumption of the antibody in the convalescent phase, it may be suggestive of the source of M. pneumoniae antibody other than ASCs in the peripheral blood.
Design of a Pneumatic Robotic Arm for Solar Cell Tester System by Using PLC Controller

Solar cell testers sort photovoltaic cells according to their electrical performance, tested under simulated sunlight. A variety of testers exist, but they all face a common challenge of handling cells that are very small and thin, which makes it difficult to transport the cells from the conveyer to the storage box. This paper presents a new design for a handling robot with vacuum end-effectors, which uses a PLC controller to govern the movement of the cells and the testing process. The design applies to solar cell testers for monocrystalline, polycrystalline, cadmium telluride (CdTe), and copper indium diselenide (CIS) cells. Each cell is tested for efficiency and categorized accordingly into four groups (A to D). A Virtual Reality (VR) model was built to simulate the system, keeping in mind real world constraints. Two photoelectric sensors were used to make detections for both the testing process and the robot movement. The PLC controller guides the trajectory of the robot according to the results of the efficiency testing. It was seen that the system worked very well, with the testing process and the robot movement interacting smoothly. The robot trajectory was seen to be highly accurate, and the pick and place operations were done with great precision.
POLITENESS AND SELF-CENSORSHIP IN CHATROOM DISCOURSE

In this borderless world, Internet has become an important tool of communication for teenagers. It provides the opportunity to interact with thousands of people from all over the world at any time. Focusing on the new medium of synchronous computer mediated communication; namely the MSN Instant Messenger, this study seeks to examine the language and social behavior of Malaysian teenagers. This paper also discusses the notion of self-censorship, which is frequently used by teenagers in this study as a strategy to preserve politeness and maintain solidarity amongst chatters.
The Effects of Child Sexual Abuse as Reflected in Rorschach Responses

Research on child sexual abuse has been largely retrospective and anecdotal in nature, focusing on broad self-report measures of adjustment rather than on more explicit measures of psychopathology. Although there is general agreement that there are harmful effects, there is a lack of consistent empirical evidence. More specific measures, control groups, and larger Ns are needed to gain a clearer understanding. The present study examined Rorschach responses of sexually abused female children as associated with abuse characteristics. Rorschach responses of the sexually abused group were also compared with responses of female clinic controls. None of the a priori hypotheses predicting differences between the groups were supported.
Comments on Early Breastfeeding Problems Mediate the Negative Association between Maternal Obesity and Exclusive Breastfeeding at 1 and 2 Months Postpartum.

by plausible mechanisms and weighted by strength and consistency of evidence, are also key. Nevertheless, surveillance and epidemiologic data complement and contribute to understanding the complex area of research encompassed by nutrition, the limitations of energy estimation notwithstanding. We thank the authors for their letter and are pleased to have the opportunity to respond and to further elaborate on our points regarding the value of dietary intake data.
Maternal attachment influences mother–infant styles of regulation and play with objects at nine months

We examined the association between the quality of maternal representations of attachment evaluated by the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) and mother styles of regulating attention and emotion during free play with objects in 41 mother dyads when infants were nine months old. The secure mother dyads showed a greater duration of engagement matches, with more positive matches, and a greater capacity to move from non-matched to matched states. Secure mother dyads demonstrated greater involvement in play with objects than insecure mother dyads. Insecure mother dyads showed a greater duration of mismatches and spent more time in negative matches. Correlations between maternal AAI scores and the variables studied also showed that the maternal Passivity and Unresolved scales were associated with less adequate dyadic attention and emotion regulation, while the maternal Coherence scale was associated with more adequate dyadic attention and emotion regulation.
Cahiers Du Département D'économétrie Faculté Des Sciences Économiques Et Sociales Université De Genève Wavelet-based Forecasting of Short and Long Memory Time Series Wavelet-based Forecasting of Short and Long Memory Time Series

A wavelet-based forecasting method for time series is introduced. It is based on a multiple resolution decomposition of the signal, using the redundant " ` a trous " wavelet transform which has the advantage of being shift-invariant. The result is a decomposition of the signal into a range of frequency scales. The prediction is based on a small number of coefficients on each of these scales. In its simplest form it is a linear prediction based on a wavelet transform of the signal. This method uses sparse modelling, but can be based on coefficients that are summaries or characteristics of large parts of the signal. The lower level of the decomposition can capture the long-range dependencies with only a few coefficients, while the higher levels capture the usual short-term dependencies. We show the convergence of the method towards the optimal prediction in the au-toregressive case. The method works well, as shown in simulation studies, and studies involving financial data.
A Noisy Channel Approach to Error Correction in Spoken Referring Expressions

We offer a noisy channel approach for recognizing and correcting erroneous words in referring expressions. Our mechanism handles three types of errors: it removes noisy input, inserts missing prepositions, and replaces mis-heard words (at present, they are replaced by generic words). Our mechanism was evaluated on a corpus of 295 spoken referring expressions, improving interpretation performance.
Survey on Data Mining Techniques in Intrusion Detection

Abstract- Intrusion Detection (ID) is the main research area in field of network security. It involves the monitoring of the events occurring in a computer system and its network. Data mining is one of the technologies applied to ID to invent a new pattern from the massive network data as well as to reduce the strain of the manual compilations of the intrusion and normal behavior patterns. Keeping in mind, data mining techniques are practiced significantly intrusion detection and prevention. This article reviews the current state of art Data mining techniques with ID in brief and highlights its advantages and disadvantages. Keywords: - Network Intrusion, Decision Trees, Naive Bayes, Fuzzy Logic, Support Vector Machines, Data Clustering, Data Mining. —————————— —————————— I. INTRODUCTION he internet has become a part of daily life and an essential tool today. It aids people in many areas, such as business, entertainment, and education etc. Most traditional communications media including telephone, music, film, and television are being reshaped or redefined by the Internet [1]. Newspaper, book and other print publishing have to adapt to Web sites and blogging. The Internet has enabled or accelerated new forms of human interactions through instant messaging, Internet forums, and social networking. Online shopping has boomed both for major retail outlets and small artisans and traders. Business-to-business and financial services on the Internet affect supply chains across entire industries. In particular, internet has been used as an important component of business models. For the business operation, both business and customers apply the internet application such as website and e-mail on business activities. Therefore, information security of using internet as the media needs to be carefully concerned [2]. II. INTRUSION AND INTRUSION DETECTION Intrusion, in simple words, is an illegal act of entering, seizing, or taking possession of another's property (in this case the property being the computer system). It means a code that disables the proper flowing of traffic on the network or steals the information from the traffic [3].
Rapid Development of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma After Successful Eradication of Helicobacter pylori for Gastric MALT Lymphoma

Primary low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the stomach has a potential to transform to high-grade diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the clonal relation between MALT lymphoma and de novo DLBCL is still controversial. We report here three patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive gastric MALT lymphoma rapidly progressing to DLBCL at the same site after successful eradication of H. pylori. Although MALT lymphomas in our cases did not possess t(11; 18)(q21;q21), sequence analysis of the rearranged immunoglobulin heavy chain gene showed no clonal relation between preceding MALT lymphoma cells and de novo DLBCL cells at the same site. These findings question the scenario of direct clonal progression of low-grade MALT lymphomas without t(11; 18)(q21;q21) to DLBCL and serve as a reminder of the risk of the progression of DLBCL with a distinct clonality immediately after H. pylori eradication for low-grade MALT lymphoma.
Missed Doses and Missed Appointments: Adherence to ART among Adult Patients in Uganda

Background. Missed doses and appointments are predictors of incomplete adherence among patients on ART. The AIDSRelief model emphasizes treatment preparation and continuous treatment support for ART patients including community followup. Methods. In August 2008, a survey was conducted among patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) (interquartile range for duration of ART = 29–46 months, median = 33 months, n = 763, age >16 years), in 15 health facilities in Uganda. Missed doses and appointments among adult patients on ART and the factors most associated with these were identified. Reasons for missed doses were also explored. Results. The survey revealed that 97% of the patients had not missed their doses in the last week while 93% had not missed their appointments in the last three months. For those who had missed their doses, the most common reasons were travel (48%) and forgetfulness (28%). There was a significant association between missing doses and missing appointments (P = 0.0004) and between alcohol use and missed doses (P < 0.005). Conclusions. The level of adherence to medication and clinic appointments for patients on ART in the study population was very high. It is important to strengthen adherence strategies at both facility and community levels to assist patients that are likely to miss their doses or appointments.
Longitudinal evaluation of both morphologic and functional changes in the same individuals with Alzheimer's disease.

UNLABELLED Morphologic and functional imaging studies have not always given concordant results about brain areas showing atrophic changes and reduced flow or metabolism in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study was to determine the initial abnormality and the longitudinal changes in both morphologic and functional measurements for the same individuals with AD. METHODS We investigated 15 patients with mild AD and 25 age-matched healthy volunteers. The AD patients underwent both MRI and SPECT 3 times at intervals of approximately 1 y. The gray matter volume, as segmented from MRI, and the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), as measured by SPECT, of AD patients were compared with those of healthy volunteers using statistical parametric mapping, which is a voxel-based analysis in stereotactic space. RESULTS Considerable discordance between areas of regional atrophy and areas of decreased rCBF was observed. The medial temporal areas showed a faster and more extensive reduction of gray matter volume than of rCBF. In comparison with the value at the baseline study, rCBF in the posterior cingulate gyrus and precuneus and the associative parietal cortex was extensively decreased. In contrast, the extent of significant decrease in this area continued to be much narrower for gray matter volume than for rCBF, even in the follow-up studies. Frontal areas, including the anterior cingulate gyrus and the orbitofrontal areas, showed a progressive reduction in both rCBF and gray matter volume. The reduction in rCBF was in a more posterior part of the associative temporal cortex than was the reduction in gray matter volume. CONCLUSION These results indicate a distinct discordance between morphologic and functional changes in a longitudinal study of AD. Functional changes may be caused partly by remote effects from the morphologically involved areas with decreased connectivity and partly by a compensatory response by neuronal plasticity.
The protection of ischaemic preconditioning can be reinstated in the rabbit heart after the initial protection has waned.

OBJECTIVE Preconditioning the heart with 5 min of ischaemia followed by reperfusion renders the myocardium resistant to infarction from subsequent ischaemia. This protection lasts for about 1 h. The aim of this study was to test whether the protection could be reinstated with a second episode of preconditioning after protection from an initial episode had worn off. METHODS To induce infarction animals experienced 30 min of coronary artery occlusion and then 3 h reperfusion. Ischaemic preconditioning was accomplished with 5 min of coronary branch occlusion. In one group of rabbits the subsequent reperfusion period was prolonged to 2 h to permit protection to wear off before the 30 min coronary occlusion was initiated. In another group a second 5 min coronary occlusion was performed at the end of the 2 h reperfusion. After 10 min of reperfusion the 30 min ischaemic period began. Control animals experienced only the 30 min ischaemia and 3 h reperfusion. Infarct volume was measured with tetrazolium and expressed as a percentage of the ischaemic zone volume. RESULTS Average infarct size in seven control rabbits [36.0 (SEM 2.0)% of the ischaemic zone] was not significantly different from that in eight rabbits with the prolonged coronary occlusion occurring 2 h after the preconditioning stimulus [28.6 (2.9)% infarction]. In contrast infarcts were significantly smaller in the re-preconditioned group of seven rabbits [8.3 (4.2)%] and comparable to those previously seen with a single preconditioning stimulus followed 10 min later by the 30 min occlusion [6.1 (1.8)%]. CONCLUSIONS The rabbit heart can be protected with a second preconditioning stimulus after protection from an initial period of preconditioning has subsided.
Mining the Web for Bilingual Text

STRAND (Resnik, 1998) is a language-independent system for automatic discovery of text in parallel translation on the World Wide Web. This paper extends the preliminary STRAND results by adding automatic language identification, scaling up by orders of magnitude, and formally evaluating performance. The most recent end-product is an automatically acquired parallel corpus comprising 2491 English-French document pairs, approximately 1.5 million words per language.
Effects of nonlinear distortion and imperfect parameters estimation on the performance of OFDM-based DTTB systems

As an effective technique for combating multipath fading and for high-bit-rate transmission over wireless channels, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is extensively used in modern digital television terrestrial broadcasting (DTTB) systems, such as the cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) based DVB-T DTTB systems and the time domain synchronous OFDM (TDS-OFDM) based DMB-T DTTB systems, to support high performance bandwidth-efficient multimedia services. OFDM-based DTTB systems are very sensitive to the nonlinear distortion at the transmitter and the imperfect parameters estimation at the receiver. In this paper, the combined effects of nonlinear distortion and imperfect parameters estimation on the performance of the OFDM-based DTTB systems are investigated, a closed form of symbol error probability of the OFDM-based DTTB systems with nonlinear distortion and imperfect parameters estimation is derived. Theoretical results show closely matching with those obtained by simulations for both the CP-OFDM based DVB-T DTTB systems and the TDS-OFDM based DMB-T DTTB systems.
Opposition-based initialization and a modified pattern for Inertia Weight (IW) in PSO

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is an evolutionary computing algorithm and is successfully used to solve complex real world optimization problems. Due to the complex nature of optimization problems, PSO endures the problems like premature convergence or being trapped in local minima, to avoid such situation the role of swarm initialization is very important. In this research we propose a new method to initialize the swarm particles on the basis of Generalized Opposition-based Learning (GOBL). The aim for GOBL strategy is to have an initial swarm with already fittest particles to set a solid ground for the rest of PSO algorithm to execute. Moreover, a strategy for linearly decreasing Inertia Weight has been proposed to equalize the proportions of exploration as well as exploitation capabilities of particles during the search process. The motivation behind incorporating the changes in standard PSO is to evade the earlier convergence and to help the algorithm in escaping from being trapped in local minimum. To assess the performance of proposed PSO variant, we practiced this algorithm on 8 different benchmark functions and results were compared with 4 other PSO versions found in literature. From the results analysis it is apparent that projected changes in the PSO increases its overall performance and efficiency especially when dealing with the noisy optimization problems. Also the proposed algorithm performs better and is more robust as compared to other algorithms for achieving desired results.
Multi-step ahead predictors of SETARMA models

The generation and the properties of the multi-step point predictors of the Self Exciting Threshold AutoRegressive Moving Average model has been examined. In the first part we focus the attention on the main properties of this class of models and on their different representations that can be derived extending, to the non linear case, some well know results given in Box and Jenkins (1976). Starting from these results, the forecast generation of the SETARMA models is discussed showing its relation with the threshold delay, d. In particular, when the lead time h is less or equal than d, the least square predictor can be easily generated whereas when h > d different predictors are proposed and their combination is evaluated.
Nonlinear dimension reduction and clustering by Minimum Curvilinearity unfold neuropathic pain and tissue embryological classes

Motivation: Nonlinear small datasets, which are characterized by low numbers of samples and very high numbers of measures, occur frequently in computational biology, and pose problems in their investigation. Unsupervised hybrid-two-phase (H2P) procedures—specifically dimension reduction (DR), coupled with clustering—provide valuable assistance, not only for unsupervised data classification, but also for visualization of the patterns hidden in high-dimensional feature space. Methods: ‘Minimum Curvilinearity’ (MC) is a principle that—for small datasets—suggests the approximation of curvilinear sample distances in the feature space by pair-wise distances over their minimum spanning tree (MST), and thus avoids the introduction of any tuning parameter. MC is used to design two novel forms of nonlinear machine learning (NML): Minimum Curvilinear embedding (MCE) for DR, and Minimum Curvilinear affinity propagation (MCAP) for clustering. Results: Compared with several other unsupervised and supervised algorithms, MCE and MCAP, whether individually or combined in H2P, overcome the limits of classical approaches. High performance was attained in the visualization and classification of: (i) pain patients (proteomic measurements) in peripheral neuropathy; (ii) human organ tissues (genomic transcription factor measurements) on the basis of their embryological origin. Conclusion: MC provides a valuable framework to estimate nonlinear distances in small datasets. Its extension to large datasets is prefigured for novel NMLs. Classification of neuropathic pain by proteomic profiles offers new insights for future molecular and systems biology characterization of pain. Improvements in tissue embryological classification refine results obtained in an earlier study, and suggest a possible reinterpretation of skin attribution as mesodermal. Availability: https://sites.google. com/site/carlovittoriocannistraci/home Contact: kalokagathos.agon@gmail.com; massimo.alessio@hsr.it Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.