Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reproducibility of microvolt T-wave alternans in patients with coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND Microvolt T-wave alternans (MTWA) measures subtle beat-to-beat fluctuations in the T-wave amplitude. It was found to be associated with cardiac electrical instability in patients with ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy. OBJECTIVES To investigate the reproducibility of the MTWA test results in patients with ischemic heart disease. METHODS The study group comprised patients with ischemic heart disease who participated in a rehabilitation program at the Assaf Harofeh Medical Center. MTWA was measured during a bicycle exercise test at the first encounter and repeated after one week. RESULTS Of the 40 study patients with coronary artery disease, 4 had an indeterminate result and were excluded from the data analysis; 5 had a positive MTWA in the first and second study (14%), 27 had a negative MTWA in the first and second study (75%), and 4 had a negative MTWA in the first study and a positive MTWA in the second study (11%). Overall, there was a correlation between the results of the first and the second study in 89% of the patients (kappa = 0.652, P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS MTWA measurements are reproducible in the short term in patients with coronary artery disease.
Oxygen-glucose deprivation induces inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine expression in cerebral endothelial cells.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The cerebral endothelial cells (ECs) are a primary target of hypoxic or ischemic brain insults. EC damage may contribute to postischemic secondary injury. Massive production of NO after inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression has been implicated in cell death. This study aimed to characterize bovine cerebral EC death in relation to iNOS expression after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in vitro. METHODS OGD in bovine cerebral ECs in culture was induced by deleting glucose in the medium and by incubating the cells in a temperature-controlled anaerobic chamber. The extent of cell death was assessed by trypan blue exclusion, MTT assay, and LDH release. ELISA, gel electrophoresis, and staining by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling were used to examine DNA fragmentation. The expression of iNOS mRNA and protein was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Nitrotyrosine expression was confirmed with Western blot analysis and immunostaining. RESULTS Bovine cerebral EC death was dependent on the duration of OGD and showed selected biochemical, morphological, and pharmacological features suggestive of apoptosis. OGD also induced the expression of iNOS mRNA and protein in bovine cerebral ECs. Increased expression of nitrotyrosine, the product formed by peroxynitrite reaction with proteins, was also detected after OGD. The involvement of iNOS in EC death was suggested by partial reduction of cell death by NO synthase inhibitors, including L-N(G)-(1-iminoethyl)ornithine and nitro-L-arginine, and an NO scavenger, the Fe(2+)-N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate complex. CONCLUSIONS OGD-induced bovine cerebral EC death involves an apoptotic process. Induction of iNOS with subsequent peroxynitrite formation may contribute to bovine cerebral EC death caused by OGD.
An Underwater Routing Protocol with Void Detection and Bypassing Capability

The development of routing protocols for underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) faces with different challenges, the most notable of which is perhaps how to deal with a void communication area. Over the past few years, some underwater protocols equipped with the void-handling techniques have been proposed to address this issue. The majority of them, however, are unable to detect and bypass the trapped nodes which can also lead a packet to become stuck in a void node. In this paper, we propose a new stateless routing protocol, called Energy-efficient and Void Avoidance Depth Based Routing (EVA-DBR) protocol which uses different control packets to detect the void and trapped nodes locally in the different area of network topologyand then to exclude them from the routing paths using a passiveparticipation approach. To the best of our knowledge, EVA-DBRis the first fully stateless routing protocol which can locally detectand bypass the trapped nodes in addition to the void nodes inUWSNs. The updating phase for sending the control packets isperformed with the least possible cost, by eliminating the needfor ACK packets. As an opportunistic routing protocol, EVADBRemploys an adaptive forwarding area which can be resizedand replaced according to the density and placement of theforwarding candidate nodes to enhance the energy efficiency andreliability. The results of our extensive simulation study indicatethat EVA-DBR outperforms other protocols regarding the routingperformance metrics.
Where Have All the Interactions Gone? Estimating the Coverage of Two-Hybrid Protein Interaction Maps

Yeast two-hybrid screens are an important method for mapping pairwise physical interactions between proteins. The fraction of interactions detected in independent screens can be very small, and an outstanding challenge is to determine the reason for the low overlap. Low overlap can arise from either a high false-discovery rate (interaction sets have low overlap because each set is contaminated by a large number of stochastic false-positive interactions) or a high false-negative rate (interaction sets have low overlap because each misses many true interactions). We extend capture–recapture theory to provide the first unified model for false-positive and false-negative rates for two-hybrid screens. Analysis of yeast, worm, and fly data indicates that 25% to 45% of the reported interactions are likely false positives. Membrane proteins have higher false-discovery rates on average, and signal transduction proteins have lower rates. The overall false-negative rate ranges from 75% for worm to 90% for fly, which arises from a roughly 50% false-negative rate due to statistical undersampling and a 55% to 85% false-negative rate due to proteins that appear to be systematically lost from the assays. Finally, statistical model selection conclusively rejects the Erdös-Rényi network model in favor of the power law model for yeast and the truncated power law for worm and fly degree distributions. Much as genome sequencing coverage estimates were essential for planning the human genome sequencing project, the coverage estimates developed here will be valuable for guiding future proteomic screens. All software and datasets are available in Datasets S1 and S2, Figures S1–S5, and Tables S1−S6, and are also available from our Web site, http://www.baderzone. org.
Os fantasmas da nação

Construida por meio de imagens poderosas e historias que conectam presente e passado, as nacoes se caracterizam pelas diversas maneiras pelas quais sao imaginadas. As narrativas sublinham dimensoes como as memorias do passado e o desejo por viver em conjunto na construcao de uma “comunidade imaginada”. No entanto, a incomoda e irredutivel presenca de Outros que destoam dos ideais de homogeneidade demonstra que as nacoes sao dispositivos discursivos que representam a diferenca como unidade. E sinaliza as dificuldades de lidar com a diferenca, pois o tempo heterogeneo da nacao, na expressao de Partha Chatterjee (1993, 2001), surge em oposicao a um tempo homogeneo e vazio
The brain glutamate system in liver failure

Liver failure results in significant alterations of the brain glutamate system. Ammonia and the astrocyte play major roles in such alterations, which affect several components of the brain glutamate system, namely its synthesis, intercellular transport (uptake and release), and function. In addition to the neurological symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy, modified glutamatergic regulation may contribute to other cerebral complications of liver failure, such as brain edema, intracranial hypertension and changes in cerebral blood flow. A better understanding of the cause and precise nature of the alterations of the brain glutamate system in liver failure could lead to new therapeutic avenues for the cerebral complications of liver disease.
Taking Stock: Equity-Based Compensation and the Evolution of Managerial Ownership

We investigate the impact of stock-based compensation on managerial ownership. We find that equity compensation succeeds in increasing incentives of lower-ownership managers, but higher-ownership managers negate much of its impact by selling previously owned shares. When executives exercise options to acquire stock, nearly all of the shares are sold. Our results illuminate dynamic aspects of managerial ownership arising from divergent goals of boards of directors, who use equity compensation for incentives, and managers, who respond by selling shares for diversification. The findings cast doubt on the frequent and important theoretical assumption that managers cannot hedge the risks of these awards. Copyright The American Finance Association 2000.
Comparing Computational Methods for Identification of Allele‐Specific Expression based on Next Generation Sequencing Data

Allele‐specific expression (ASE) studies have wide‐ranging implications for genome biology and medicine. Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) has emerged as a genome‐wide tool for identifying ASE, but suffers from mapping bias favoring reference alleles. Two categories of methods are adopted nowadays, to reduce the effect of mapping bias on ASE identification—normalizing RNA allelic ratio with the parallel genomic allelic ratio (pDNAar) and modifying reference genome to make reads carrying both alleles with the same chance to be mapped (mREF). We compared the sensitivity and specificity of both methods with simulated data, and demonstrated that the pDNAar, though ideally practical, was lower in sensitivity, because of its lower mapping rate of reads carrying nonreference (alternative) alleles, although mREF achieved higher sensitivity and specificity for its efficiency in mapping reads carrying both alleles. Application of these two methods in real sequencing data showed that mREF were able to identify more ASE loci because of its higher mapping efficiency, and able to correcting some seemly incorrect ASE loci identified by pDNAar due to the inefficiency in mapping reads carrying alternative alleles of pDNAar. Our study provides useful information for RNA sequencing data processing in the identification of ASE.
The Ever-Changing Social Perception of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the United States

This paper aims to examine the comprehensive social perception of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) within the United States today. In order to study the broad public view of those with ASDs this study investigates the evolution of the syndrome in both sociological and scientificrealms. By drawing on the scientific progression of the syndrome and the mixture of this research with concurrent social issues and media representations this study infers why such a significant amount of stigmatization has become attached to those with ASDs and how these stigmatizations have varied throughout history. After studying this evolving social perception of ASDs in the United States the writer details suggestions for the betterment of this awareness including boosted and specified research efforts increased collaboration within those experts in autism and positive visibility of those with ASDs and their families. Overall the writer suggests that public awareness has increased and thus negative stigmatization has decreased in recent years; however there remains much to be done to increase general social understanding of ASDs.
Regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion in vitro: quantitative aspects of calcium and magnesium ion control.

In studies of parathyroid hormone secretion in organ culture, the quantitative aspects of calcium and magnesium ion control were compared. The response of the glands in vitro paralleled their function in vivo, indicating that the system was a valid model for studying hormone regulation. There was a first-order relationship between hormone release and the total concentration of divalent cation (calcium plus magnesium); calcium and magnesium ions were equivalent in blocking the release of hormone. These observations emphasize the physiologic regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion by both calcium and magnesium ions and suggest the possibility of a cation-ligand interaction in or at the surface of the parathyroid cell. (Endocrinology 88: 1477, 1971)
Climate, Soil Management, and Cultivar Affect Fusarium Head Blight Incidence and Deoxynivalenol Accumulation in Durum Wheat of Southern Italy

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a multifaceted disease caused by some species of Fusarium spp. A huge production of mycotoxins, mostly trichothecenes, often accompanied this disease. Amongst these toxic compounds, deoxynivalenol (DON) and its derivatives represent a major issue for human as well as for animal health and farming. Common and durum wheat are amongst the hosts of trichothecene-producing Fusaria. Differences in susceptibility to fungal infection and toxin accumulation occur in wheat cultivars. Recently, increasing incidence and severity of Fusarium infection and a higher DON accumulation in durum wheat were observed in Italy, especially in Northern regions. In this study, we analyzed wheat yield, technological parameters, the incidence of Fusarium infection and DON content in kernel samples of durum wheat coming from three locations of Southern Italy with different climatic conditions and grown during two seasons, with two methods of cultivation. Four different durum wheat cultivars prevalently cultivated in Southern Italian areas were chosen for this study. Our analysis showed the effects of environment and cultivar types on wheat productivity and key technological parameters for the quality level of the end-product, namely pasta. Notably, although a low rate of mycotoxin contamination in all study sites was assessed, an inverse relation emerged between fungal infection/DON production and durum wheat yield. Further, our study pinpoints the importance of environment conditions on several quality traits of durum wheat grown under Mediterranean climate. The environmental conditions at local level (microscale) and soil management practices may drive FHB outbreak and mycotoxin contamination even in growing area suitable for cropping this wheat species.
Input-Expectation Discrepancy Reduction: A Ubiquitous Mechanism

This paper examines the various manifestations of input-expectation discrepancy that occurs in a broad spectrum of research on intelligent behavior. It makes the point that each of the different research activities highlights different aspects of an input-expectation reduction mechanism and neglects others. A comprehensive view of this mechanism has been constructed and applied in the design of a cognitive industrial robot. The mechanism is explained as both a key for machine learning strategies, and a guide for the selection of appropriate memory structures to support intelligent behavior.
ISTIC Statistical Machine Translation System for Patent machine translation in NTCIR-9

paper describes statistical machine translation system of ISTIC used in the evaluation campaign of the patent machine translation task at NTCIR-9. In this year's evaluation, we participated in patent machine translation task for Chinese- English. Here we mainly describe the overview of the system, the primary modules, the key techniques and the evaluation results.
MOIR: A Prototype for Managing Moving Objects in Road Networks

MOIR is a Web-based prototype to support a number of novel applications with network-constrained moving object management. Technical aspects of MOIR range from data acquisition and trajectory smoothing, trajectory data management and query processing, movement predications, and location based Web page recommendation. The demo is in the context of detailed digital road maps with 38,0000 road segments and 55,000 road intersection points, and real spatiotemporal data of over ten thousand taxis in Beijing.
3-Acetyl-6-chloro-2-methyl-4-phenylquinolinium hydrogen sulfate

In the title salt, C18H15ClNO+·HSO4 −, the quinolinium ring system is approximately planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.028 (2) Å, and forms a dihedral angle of 78.43 (4)° with the attached phenyl ring. A pair of intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds links two hydrogen sulfate anions into a dimer, generating a R 2 2(8) ring motif. Intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯O contacts link the ions into a three-dimensional network. The structure is further stabilized by C—H⋯π interactions
Childcare and parental work schedules: a comparison of childcare arrangements among Finnish, British and Dutch dual-earner families

This study examined the association between parental work schedules and non-parental childcare arrangements among dual-earner families in Finland, the Netherlands and the UK. Data from the ‘Families 24/7’ web survey were used, including 937 parents with children aged 0–12 years. Results showed a negative association between non-standard work and formal childcare across all countries. A similar association was found for using a combination of formal and informal childcare, whereas solely using informal childcare was not associated with work characteristics. Country differences showed that, compared with Finland, the probability of using formal childcare was lower in the Netherlands, whereas the probability of using informal childcare was higher in the UK. Interaction effects showed that the negative association between non-standard work and formal childcare was stronger in the Netherlands, compared with Finland. Also, the positive association between working hours and formal childcare was weaker for Dutch and British parents. This study identified the challenges that parents face when arranging childcare outside of office hours. Although the supply of formal childcare seems to be insufficient, using informal childcare introduces other potential problems. Because a considerable proportion of employees work non-standard hours, governments should help these parents in meeting their need for high quality childcare.
A Social Cognitive Theory of Internet Uses and Gratifications: Toward a New Model of Media Attendance

Recent research explaining Internet usage has both extended and challenged the uses and gratifications approach to understanding media attendance by discovering "new" gratifications and introducing powerful new explanatory variables. The present research integrates these developments into a theory of media attendance within the framework of Bandura's (1 986) Social Cognitive Theory. Respondents from 2 Midwestern states were recruited by mail to complete an online questionnaire. Structural equation modeling techniques were used to test a.new model of media attendance in which active consideration of Internet uses and gratifications, moderated by Internet self-efficacy, joins habitual behavior and deficient self-regulation as determinants of media behavior. The model explained 42% of the variance in Internet usage. ,
A Design Method for 3-D FIR Cone-Shaped Filters Based on the McClellan Transformation

This paper presents an efficient technique for designing three-dimensional (3-D) finite-impusle-response (FIR) digital filters having cone-shaped magnitude response. The McClellan transformation method is used as basis of the design. The new approach proposes a closed form solution for the transform coefficients of the mapping function. A simultaneous determination of the 1-D cutoff frequency of the prototype filter is also considered. The newly obtained relations for the transform parameters are very simple and depend on the angle of inclination of the cone. Additionally, the analytical expressions for the impulse response coefficients of the transformation subfilter are also derived. The behavior of the transformation function is examined, followed by several detailed examples with different input specifications of designed 3-D cone filters.
RDF Data Query and Management Method Based on HBase and Structure Index in Railway Sensor Application

Railway dangerous goods tracing is a typical application of the sensor network. Application correlation among the sensor, carriage and train is a graph relationship which can be described by using RDF frameworks. It requires data management system to manage a large scale of ever-increasing RDF data, and support semantic access for monitoring the safety state of the environment inside the carriage. For these problems, this paper proposes RDF data query and management method based on HBase and structure index, and optimization method of query engine. The method is enforced by rewriting SPARQL statements according of correlation degree between them, and at querying time, "structure-level" index is used to identify the groups of RDF data, then the "data-level" data matching utilizes the proposed scalable storage mechanism based on hash-oriented multiple table partition of data entity class. As shown in our experiments, our approach can effectively reduce the semantic query time, enhance storage scalability and effective support multi-criteria query of sensor data.
The Effect of Royal Jelly on Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of royal jelly on oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The study population consisted of 103 patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Oral mucositis was graded according to the World Health Organization criteria, and patients were divided into 2 groups. All patients received mouthwash therapy with benzydamine hydrochloride and nystatin rinses. In addition, patients in the experimental group received royal jelly. The mean resolution time of oral mucositis in the royal jelly group was significantly shorter than that of the control group. As a result, the study results demonstrate that royal jelly administrated by a certain procedure improved the signs and symptoms of oral mucositis and markedly shortened its healing time.
Space proof complexity for random 3-CNFs via a (2-ε)-Hall's Theorem

We investigate the space complexity of refuting 3-CNFs in Resolution and algebraic systems. No lower bound for refuting any family of 3-CNFs was previously known for the total space in resolution or for the monomial space in algebraic systems. Using the framework of [10], we prove that every Polynomial Calculus with Resolution refutation of a random 3-CNF φ in n variables requires, with high probability, Ω(n/ log n) distinct monomials to be kept simultaneously in memory. The same construction also proves that every Resolution refutation φ requires, with high probability, Ω(n/ log n) clauses each of width Ω(n/ log n) to be kept at the same time in memory. This gives a Ω(n/ log n) lower bound for the total space needed in Resolution to refute φ. The results answer questions about space complexity of 3-CNFs posed in [16, 15, 11, 10]. The main technical innovation is a variant of Hall’s theorem. We show that in bipartite graphs G with bipartition (L,R) and left-degree at most 3, L can be covered by certain families of disjoint paths, called (2, 4)-matchings, provided that L expands in R by a factor of (2 − ǫ), for ǫ < 1 23 .
Lumpkin's Abbreviated Version of Rotter's Locus of Control Scale: How Reliable is it?

Lumpkin (1985) proposed the use of a six-item scale (derived from Rotter's I-E scale), in those instances where the locus of control construct is not the primary focus of the research, but rather, merely an intervening variable. We have used the Lumpkin scale in a series of studies and found its reliability to be considerably less than expected. Consequently, in such instances, we recommend that researchers interested in measuring the locus of control construct use Levenson's 1974 scale or its subscales.