Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advances in the Development of Biofertilizers and Biostimulants from Microalgae

Simple Summary Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that use CO2 and sunlight to obtain oxygen (O2) and generate value-added products. Microalgae are of interest in agriculture because they have the ability to provide nutrients to the soil and produce molecules that stimulate plant growth. Therefore, microalgae are used to develop biostimulants and biofertilizers that are beneficial to promote sustainable agriculture. However, these bioproducts present challenges in preparation that affect their shelf life. Therefore, this work aimed to provide a comprehensive review of biofertilizers and biostimulants from microalgae. Abstract Microalgae have commercial potential in different sectors of the industry. Specifically in modern agriculture, they can be used because they have the ability to supply nutrients to the soil and produce plant growth hormones, polysaccharides, antimicrobial compounds, and other metabolites that improve agricultural productivity. Therefore, products formulated from microalgae as biofertilizers and biostimulants turn out to be beneficial for agriculture and are positioned as a novel and environmentally friendly strategy. However, these bioproducts present challenges in preparation that affect their shelf life due to the rapid degradation of bioformulated products. Therefore, this work aimed to provide a comprehensive review of biofertilizers and biostimulants from microalgae, for which a bibliometric analysis was carried out to establish trends using scientometric indicators, technological advances were identified in terms of formulation methods, and the global market for these bioproducts was analyzed.
Data Security in the Cloud Using pTree-based Homomorphic Intrinsic Data Encryption System (pHIDES)

Cloud usage for storing data and performing operations has gained immense popularity in recent times. However, there are concerns that uploading data to the cloud increases the chances of unauthorized parties accessing it. One way to secure data from unauthorized access is to encrypt it. Even if the data is hacked, the hackers will not be able to retrieve any information from the data without knowing the 'Key' to decrypt it. But when data needs to be used for services such as data analytics, it must be in its original, non-encrypted form. Decrypting the data makes it vulnerable again, which is why Homomorphic Encryption could be the solution to this problem. In this encryption method, the analytical engine can use the encrypted data to perform analysis, where the analysis result will also be in decrypted form. Only authorized users can access the results using the 'Key. ' This research proposal proposes a method called pHIDES to enhance data security in the cloud. The pHIDES (pTree-based Homomorphic Intrinsic Data Encryption System) represents data in pTree (Predicate tree) format, a data mining-ready data structure proven to manipulate a large volume of data effectively. The concept of Homomorphic Encryption (HME) along with pHIDES is discussed in our research, along with the algorithmic execution to analyze the effectiveness of the algorithm used to encrypt data in the cloud.
Term Importance Degree Impact on Search Result Clustering

As wellactual clustering algorithms have to deal with explosive growth of documents of various sizes and terms of various frequencies, an appropriate term-weighting scheme has a crucial impact on the overall performance of such systems. Term-weighting is one of the critical process for document retrieval and ranking in most search result clustering systems.In this paper we introduce a new technique forclustering algorithms that solve the problem of indexing the terms of big datasets and their characteristicswhich exist in most of current clustering approaches.The paper focus on term frequency normalization step ofclustering algorithms. Anew factor has been applied tobasic term-weighting schemes for using in clustering process. The evaluated results confirm the impact of this factor to increase the performance of clusteringtechniques.The experiments were carried out on the standard algorithms and ODP-239 datasets which validated by statistical tests.
An Improved Intra Prediction Scheme of H . 264 / AVC

In H.264/AVC standard, the intra-frame prediction scheme is employed for better coding efficiency. Using the already encoded adjacent upper and left pixels, the intra prediction is performed. In this paper, we present an improved intra prediction scheme of H.264/AVC. By taking into account the error of the adjacent bottom and right pixels in intra mode decision, our scheme shows better results than those of the typical intra prediction of H.264/AVC in coding efficiency at the expense of slight increase of complexity and bit-rate. Experimental results show that the average PSNR is increased by up to 0.16dB.
β‐Bulges: Extensive structural analyses of β‐sheets irregularities

β‐Sheets are quite frequent in protein structures and are stabilized by regular main‐chain hydrogen bond patterns. Irregularities in β‐sheets, named β‐bulges, are distorted regions between two consecutive hydrogen bonds. They disrupt the classical alternation of side chain direction and can alter the directionality of β‐strands. They are implicated in protein‐protein interactions and are introduced to avoid β‐strand aggregation. Five different types of β‐bulges are defined. Previous studies on β‐bulges were performed on a limited number of protein structures or one specific family. These studies evoked a potential conservation during evolution. In this work, we analyze the β‐bulge distribution and conservation in terms of local backbone conformations and amino acid composition. Our dataset consists of 66 times more β‐bulges than the last systematic study (Chan et al. Protein Science 1993, 2:1574–1590). Novel amino acid preferences are underlined and local structure conformations are highlighted by the use of a structural alphabet. We observed that β‐bulges are preferably localized at the N‐ and C‐termini of β‐strands, but contrary to the earlier studies, no significant conservation of β‐bulges was observed among structural homologues. Displacement of β‐bulges along the sequence was also investigated by Molecular Dynamics simulations.
Blood Vessel Extraction in Color Retinal Fundus Images with Enhancement Filtering and Unsupervised Classification

Retinal blood vessels have a significant role in the diagnosis and treatment of various retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, arteriosclerosis, and hypertension. For this reason, retinal vasculature extraction is important in order to help specialists for the diagnosis and treatment of systematic diseases. In this paper, a novel approach is developed to extract retinal blood vessel network. Our method comprises four stages: (1) preprocessing stage in order to prepare dataset for segmentation; (2) an enhancement procedure including Gabor, Frangi, and Gauss filters obtained separately before a top-hat transform; (3) a hard and soft clustering stage which includes K-means and Fuzzy C-means (FCM) in order to get binary vessel map; and (4) a postprocessing step which removes falsely segmented isolated regions. The method is tested on color retinal images obtained from STARE and DRIVE databases which are available online. As a result, Gabor filter followed by K-means clustering method achieves 95.94% and 95.71% of accuracy for STARE and DRIVE databases, respectively, which are acceptable for diagnosis systems.
The Effect of Human Resource Analytics on Employee Performance

Purpose: Data analysis in human resource contributed significantly to connect data with organizational and individual performance, by providing the organization with better understanding for effectively managing employees so that business goals can be reached quickly and efficiently. Thus, the key aspect of human resource analytics is to conclusively show the impact the human resource department has on the employee and on the organization as a whole. Hence, the aim of this study is to explore the relationship between “human resource analytics” as an independent variable, “employee performance & behavior”, and “organizational performance” as dependent variables, for a comparative study between profit and non-profit organizations. Methodology: This research paper is a conceptual paper aiming to explore the impact of human resource analytics on the components of employee performance and behavior and organizational performance of the profit and non-profit organizations. Findings: The results showed that there is a positive relationship between human re-source analytics and employee performance and behavior in the profit organizations, compared to a no relation between human resource analytics and employee performance and behavior in the non-profit organizations. There is a positive relationship between human resource analytics and organizational performance in the profit organizations, compared to a weak relationship between human resource analytics and organizational performance in the non-profit organizations. Practical implications: This study has confirmed that human re-source analytics are applicable in the profit Lebanese organizations, and less applicable in the non-profit Lebanese organizations.
The CUL3-KLHL18 ligase regulates mitotic entry and ubiquitylates Aurora-A

Summary The cullin‐RING family of ubiquitin ligases regulates diverse cellular functions, such as cell cycle control, via ubiquitylation of specific substrates. CUL3 targets its substrates through BTB proteins. Here we show that depletion of CUL3 and the BTB protein KLHL18 causes a delay in mitotic entry. Centrosomal activation of Aurora‐A, a kinase whose activity is required for entry into mitosis, is also delayed in depleted cells. Moreover, we identify Aurora‐A as a KLHL18‐interacting partner. Overexpression of KLHL18 and CUL3 promotes Aurora‐A ubiquitylation in vivo, and the CUL3‐KLHL18‐ROC1 ligase ubiquitylates Aurora‐A in vitro. Our study reveals that the CUL3‐KLHL18 ligase is required for timely entry into mitosis, as well as for the activation of Aurora‐A at centrosomes. We propose that the CUL3‐KLHL18 ligase regulates mitotic entry through an Aurora‐A‐dependent pathway.
Identification of carcinogens by a selected panel of DNA damage response associated genes

leagues of the Institute of Toxicology in Karlsruhe have published data on a gene expression based predictive test system for chemical carcinogens (Fischer et al., 2015). The authors used bronchial epithelial cell lines and analyzed the expression of 95 genes by a high-throughput RT-qPCR system. The analyzed genes cover the biological motifs DNA damage response, genomic stability , cell cycle control, apoptosis and mitot-ic signaling (Fischer et al., 2015). In a case study using the carcinogenic compound cadmium, the authors demonstrate that genes involved in the DNA damage response were up-, while DNA repair genes were down-regulated, thereby giving a clear-cut positive result in the low micromolar concentration range. Identification of chemical carcinogens represents a cutting-edge topic in toxicology Venkov et al., 2000). Since it is not possible to test all chemicals in long-term carcinogen-icity rodent studies, fast but nevertheless accurate predictive tests are urgently needed Gene array studies have been frequently applied to characterize the impact of chemicals on genome-wide expression pat-Balmer et al., 2014). However, it has also been suggested that smaller subsets of genes may be sufficient for characterizing expression responses to chemicals due to the redundancy of highly correlated gene clusters This offers the advantage to use quantitative RT-PCR techniques instead of more cost intensive array based or sequencing approaches (Zellmer et al., 2010). In this context the test system presented by Fischer et al. (2015) represents an attractive approach. Of course validation studies will have to be performed, including sufficiently high numbers of positive and negative control compounds also in comparison to the already established bacterial and mammalian mutagenicity tests.
A Note on the Statistical Mechanics of Violent Relaxation of Phase-Space Elements of Different Densities

The statistical mechanics investigation of violent relaxation of phase-space elements of different densities first derived by Lynden-Bell is reexamined. It is found that the mass independence of the equations of motion of violent relaxation calls for a constraint on the volume of the phase-space elements used to formulate the statistical mechanics description of violent relaxation. In agreement with observations of astrophysical objects believed to have been subject to violent relaxation (e.g., clusters of galaxies), the coarse-grained phase-space distribution f̄ of the final state in the nondegenerate limit turns into a superposition of Maxwellians, f̄i, of a common velocity dispersion. Thus, the velocity dispersion problem present in the investigation of Lynden-Bell is removed.
Landslide Risks to Bridges in Valleys in North Carolina

This research delves into the intricate dynamics of landslides, emphasizing their consequences on transportation infrastructure, specifically highways and roadway bridges in North Carolina. Based on a prior investigation of bridges in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria, we found that bridges above water and situated in valleys can be exposed to both landslide and flooding risks. These bridges faced heightened vulnerability to combined landslides and flooding events due to their low depth on the water surface and the potential for raised flood heights due to upstream landslides. Leveraging a dataset spanning more than a century and inclusive of landslide and bridge information, we employed logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF) models to predict landslide susceptibility in North Carolina. The study considered conditioning factors such as elevation, aspect, slope, rainfall, distance to faults, and distance to rivers, yielding LR and RF models with accuracy rates of 76.3% and 82.7%, respectively. To establish that a bridge’s location is at the bottom of a valley, data including landform, slope, and elevation difference near the bridge location were combined to delineate a bridge in a valley. The difference between bridge height and the lowest river elevation is established as an assumed flooding potential (AFP), which is then used to quantify the flooding risk. Compared to traditional flood risk values, the AFP, reported in elevation differences, is more straightforward and helps bridge engineers visualize the flood risk to a bridge. Specifically, a bridge (NCDOT ID: 740002) is found susceptible to both landslide (92%) and flooding (AFT of 6.61 m) risks and has been validated by field investigation, which is currently being retrofitted by North Carolina DOT with slope reinforcements (soil nailing and grouting). This paper is the first report evaluating the multi-hazard issue of bridges in valleys. The resulting high-fidelity risk map for North Carolina can help bridge engineers in proactive maintenance planning. Future endeavors will extend the analysis to incorporate actual flooding risk susceptibility analysis, thus enhancing our understanding of multi-hazard impacts and guiding resilient mitigation strategies for transportation infrastructure.
Coordination of copper within a crystalline carbon nitride and its catalytic reduction of CO2.

Inherently disordered structures of carbon nitrides have hindered an atomic level tunability and understanding of their catalytic reactivity. Starting from a crystalline carbon nitride, poly(triazine imide) or PTI/LiCl, the coordination of copper cations to its intralayer N-triazine groups was investigated using molten salt reactions. The reaction of PTI/LiCl within CuCl or eutectic KCl/CuCl2 molten salt mixtures at 280 to 450 °C could be used to yield three partially disordered and ordered structures, wherein the Cu cations are found to coordinate within the intralayer cavities. Local structural differences and the copper content, i.e., whether full or partial occupancy of the intralayer cavity occurs, were found to be dependent on the reaction temperature and Cu-containing salt. Crystallites of Cu-coordinated PTI were also found to electrophoretically deposit from aqueous particle suspensions onto either graphite or FTO electrodes. As a result, electrocatalytic current densities for the reduction of CO2 and H2O reached as high as ∼10 to 50 mA cm-2, and remained stable for >2 days. Selectivity for the reduction of CO2 to CO vs. H2 increases for thinner crystals as well as for when two Cu cations coordinate within the intralayer cavities of PTI. Mechanistic calculations have also revealed the electrocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction requires a smaller thermodynamic driving force with two neighboring Cu atoms per cavity as compared to a single Cu atom. These results thus establish a useful synthetic pathway to metal-coordination in a crystalline carbon nitride and show great potential for mediating stable CO2 reduction at sizable current densities.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Vestibular End Organs in Relation to the Stapes Footplate and Piston Placement

Objective: Measurements of the proximity of the membranous labyrinth to the stapes footplate show considerable variation. Largely, such measurements have been from histologic sections of fixed temporal bones, which may be affected by shrinkage artifact and perspective distortion in the 2-dimensional plane. To overcome these problems, the present study undertook an analysis of the 3-dimensional (3D) architecture of the relationship of the stapes to the membranous labyrinth using high-resolution X-ray micro-computed tomography. Methods: Eleven temporal bones were fixed with Karnovsky's fixative (known to minimize shrinkage), soaked in 2% osmium tetroxide, and scanned in a micro-computed tomography scanner. The otic capsule was intact to exclude sectioning artifact, and no alcohol was used to avoid tissue shrinkage. Measurements were taken in a vertical plane to provide distances from the utricle and saccule to the footplate, and 3D reconstruction of the spatial relationship of these structures was carried out. The relationship of these structures to a stapes piston also was studied. Results: The safest area of piston placement was the central and inferior part of the footplate. This was safe up to 0.5 mm depth at all areas except posterosuperiorly where the utricular macula is, on average, only 0.61 mm away from the footplate. The angle of insertion of the piston also influences the end result. Conclusion: Two-dimensional information about vestibular end organ location should serve as a guideline only because the operative field is 3D, and the relationship of the piston to the vestibular labyrinth changes with the angle of placement.
Archon: A Function Programmable Optical Interconnect Architecture for Transparent Intra and Inter Data Center SDM/TDM/WDM Networking

This paper reports all-optical, function programmable, transparent, intra- and inter-data center networking (DCN) using space and time-division multiplexing (SDM/TDM) within data centers and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) between data centers. A multielement fiber is used for SDM transmission to provide a large quantity of optical links between the top-of-racks (ToRs) and the function programmable cluster switch. Beam-steering large-port-count fiber switches, used as central cluster switches and intercluster switch, provide a single hop optical circuit switching solution, and also enable network function programmability for DCN to support variable traffic patterns and different network functions. A TDM switch as a plug-in function provides intra-cluster communication with variable capacity and low latency. The flat-structured intra data center architecture, with a circuit-switched SDM and TDM hybrid network enables scalable, large-capacity and low-latency DCN communication. In addition, all-optical ToR-to-ToR inter-DCN is realized through metro/core networks. A highly-nonlinear fiber based all-optical SDM-to-WDM converter transfers three SDM signals to three-carrier spectral superchannel signals, which are transmitted to the destination DCN, through the metro/core networks. The all-optical ToR-ToR cross-DCN connections enable the geographically distributed DCNs to appear as one Big Data center.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Clipboard Salin Tempel Karakter Teks dari Citra Digital

This study aims to build software that can perform text extraction on an image containing text. This research uses a software development method called incremental. The application is built using the Python programming language and the use of Tesseract as a model. The output of this application is in the form of text that is put into the clipboard so that the user can paste the output into the preferred place. This research produces an application that can perform text extraction on an image containing text. This application was tested using black box testing, from several tests on the available features, all test results were successful because the features tested could function and be used.
Clinical utility of novel cardiac markers: let the buyer beware.

In this issue, Lippi and colleagues, from the University of Verona, provide an optimistic overview of new biochemical markers, concluding that a new era is dawning in the diagnostic approach to acute coronary syndromes (ACS). This is a dramatic conclusion. Conceptually, markers of inflammation, ischemia and myocardial dysfunction hold promise, and emergency physicians should know about them; they are being studied and marketed heavily. But it is also important for physicians to recognize the difference between an exciting concept and clinical usefulness. During the evolution of an ACS, inflammation leads to plaque rupture, platelet aggregation, coronary thrombosis, cardiac ischemia and, finally, myocardial necrosis. Necrosis markers currently in use, notably CK MB, the troponins and myoglobin, do not detect ACS prior to the onset of irreversible injury; therefore researchers have set their sights on new markers that detect inflammation (the postulated cause of plaque rupture), ischemia and myocardial dysfunction. But are these markers ready for clinical practice and will they help us? To enhance our performance in a meaningful way, a diagnostic test should measure the phenomenon it purports to, it should accurately distinguish patients with and without disease, it should add to clinical judgement, and it should prompt a change in management that improves patient outcome. Few diagnostic tests, and none of those discussed by these authors, fulfill these expectations. In addressing why they do not, it is helpful to consider several important diagnostic concepts: those of association, predictive value, sensitivity, specificity, and test utility. Association
Cache-, hash-, and space-efficient bloom filters

A Bloom filter is a very compact data structure that supports approximate membership queries on a set, allowing false positives. We propose several new variants of Bloom filters and replacements with similar functionality. All of them have a better cache-efficiency and need less hash bits than regular Bloom filters. Some use SIMD functionality, while the others provide an even better space efficiency. As a consequence, we get a more flexible trade-off between false-positive rate, space-efficiency, cache-efficiency, hash-efficiency, and computational effort. We analyze the efficiency of Bloom filters and the proposed replacements in detail, in terms of the false-positive rate, the number of expected cache-misses, and the number of required hash bits. We also describe and experimentally evaluate the performance of highly tuned implementations. For many settings, our alternatives perform better than the methods proposed so far.