Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Responses to Oxygen Stress in Obligatory Anaerobes Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium aminovalericum

ABSTRACT Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium aminovalericum, both obligatory anaerobes, grow normally after growth conditions are changed from anoxic to microoxic, where the cells consume oxygen proficiently. In C. aminovalericum, a gene encoding a previously characterized H2O-forming NADH oxidase, designated noxA, was cloned and sequenced. The expression of noxA was strongly upregulated within 10 min after the growth conditions were altered to a microoxic state, indicating that C. aminovalericum NoxA is involved in oxygen metabolism. In C. acetobutylicum, genes suggested to be involved in oxygen metabolism and genes for reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging were chosen from the genome database. Although no clear orthologue of C. aminovalericum NoxA was found, Northern blot analysis identified many O2-responsive genes (e.g., a gene cluster [CAC2448 to CAC2452 ] encoding an NADH rubredoxin oxidoreductase-A-type flavoprotein-desulfoferrodoxin homologue-MerR family-like protein-flavodoxin, an operon [CAC1547 to CAC1549 ] encoding a thioredoxin-thioredoxin reductase-glutathione peroxidase-like protein, an operon [CAC1570 and CAC1571 ] encoding two glutathione peroxidase-like proteins, and genes encoding thiol peroxidase, bacterioferritin comigratory proteins, and superoxide dismutase) whose expression was quickly and synchronously upregulated within 10 min after flushing with 5% O2. The corresponding enzyme activities, such as NAD(P)H-dependent peroxide (H2O2 and alkyl hydroperoxides) reductase, were highly induced, indicating that microoxic growth of C. acetobutylicum is associated with the expression of a number of genes for oxygen metabolism and ROS scavenging.
A Novel Social Network Structural Balance Based on the Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Abstract Exploration of the structural balance of social networks is of great importance for theoretical analysis and practical use. This study modeled the structural balance of social networks as a mathematical optimization problem by using swarm intelligence, and an efficient discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm was proposed to solve the modeled optimization problem. To take advantage of the topologies of social networks in the algorithm design, the discrete representation of the particle was redefined, and the discrete particle update principles were redesigned. To validate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, experiments were conducted using synthetic and real-world social networks. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm not only achieves a balanced social network structure, but also automatically detects the community topology of networks.
Comparison of a traditional and a Video Game Based Balance Training Program

The aim of the present study is to compare the efficiency of traditional and video game based balance training programs. 22 customers of a health care centre (age: M = 47.6 yrs; SD = 13.1) volunteered to participate in the experiment. They were randomly assigned to two experimental groups. One group underwent a traditional training program, while the other group trained using the Nintendo Wii Fit TM Balance Board. Between pre and post test procedures, training sessions were performed three times a week for three weeks. In addition to five balance tests (SEBT, ball-handling, two video games, dynamic balance), a questionnaire was applied concerning mood state, self-efficacy, physical activity enjoyment, flow and subjective experience in order to evaluate psychological effects of the interventions. Two-factor analyses of variance showed both general and differential improvements of the two groups for pre and post test measures. Both groups improved their balance performance in 4 of five tests. The traditional group showed a significantly greater improvement in two tests (SEBT: F(1,20) = 8.907, p = . 007, η2 = . 308; ball-handling: F(1,20) = 13.578, p = . 001, η2 = . 404), whereas the Wii group showed a significantly greater improvement in one test (Ski Slalom (F(1,20) = 5.101, p = . 035, η2 = . 203). Psychological questionnaires revealed neither significant pre-post effects nor differences between the groups for pre and post test measurements. The results confirm that the Nintendo Wii Fit TM may be a suitable medium of training balance in prevention and rehabilitation of adults. Specific effects of training are more pronounced than transfer between virtual and
A Graph-based Developmental Swarm Representation & Algorithm

Modelling natural processes requires the implementation of an expressive representation of the involved entities and their interactions. We present swarm graph grammars (SGGs) as a bio-inspired modelling framework that integrates aspects of formal grammars, graphbased representation and multi-agent simulation. In SGGs, the substitution of subgraphs that represent locally defined agent interactions drive the computational process of the simulation. The generative character of formal grammars is translated into an agent’s metabolic interactions, i.e. creating or removing agents from the system. Utilizing graphs to describe interactions and relationships between pairs or sets of agents offers an easily accessible way of modelling biological phenomena. Property graphs emerge through the application of local interaction rules; we use these graphs to capture various aspects of the interaction dynamics at any given step of a simulation.
FECS: A Cluster Based Feature Selection Method for Software Fault Prediction with Noises

Noises are inevitable when mining software archives for software fault prediction. Although some researchers have investigated the noise tolerance of existing feature selection methods, few studies focus on proposing new feature selection methods with a certain noise tolerance. To solve this issue, we propose a novel method FECS (FEature Clustering with Selection strategies). This method includes two phases: a feature clustering phase and a feature selection phase with three different heuristic search strategies. During empirical studies, we choose real-world software projects, such as Eclipse and NASA and inject class level and feature level noises simultaneously to imitate noisy datasets. After using classical feature selection methods as the baseline, we confirm the effectiveness of FECS and provide a guideline of using FECS after analyzing the effects of varying either the percentage of selected features or the noise rate.
A robust frame-based technique for video watermarking

During the last few years multimedia systems success has been definitely spurred by the development of network-based on line services, like electronic commerce, teleducation, teletraining, media distribution and so on, in which multimedia systems have a major role. In this new scenario the request for privacy, security and authenticity of the documents, undergone to these transactions, is strongly upcoming. Watermarking techniques, deriving from information hiding theory, have been suggested so far as an effective and suitable solution to satisfy this kind of requirements, and in a short time many and disparate algorithms applying different strategies to achieve the same goal have been proposed in scientific literature and by commercial entities. In this paper a watermarking algorithm, originally conceived for still images applications, has been extended to raw video, treating it as a set of single still frames. A good robustness against usual image processing and geometric manipulations has been achieved, moreover experiments with MPEG2 coding/decoding at different bit rates have been carried out giving positive results.
RANK FOUR SYMPLECTIC BUNDLES WITHOUT THETA DIVISORS OVER A CURVE OF GENUS TWO

The moduli space of rank four semistable symplectic vector bundles over a curve X of genus two is an irreducible projective variety of dimension ten. Its Picard group is generated by the determinantal line bundle Ξ. The base locus of the linear system |Ξ| consists of precisely those bundles without theta divisors, that is, admitting nonzero maps from every line bundle of degree -1 over X. We show that this base locus consists of six distinct points, which are in canonical bijection with the Weierstrass points of the curve. We relate our construction of these bundles to another of Raynaud and Beauville using Fourier–Mukai transforms. As an application, we prove that the map sending a symplectic vector bundle to its theta divisor is a surjective map from to the space of even 4Θ divisors on the Jacobian variety of the curve.
Cost-effectiveness of high-dose atorvastatin compared with regular dose simvastatin.

AIMS The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of high-dose atorvastatin when compared with generic simvastatin for secondary prevention in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden based on the recently completed IDEAL trial. METHODS AND RESULTS The IDEAL trial showed that high-dose treatment with atorvastatin was associated with fewer non-fatal myocardial infarctions (MI) or coronary heart disease death (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.78-1.01) and major cardiovascular events by (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.98) or any coronary event (RR 0.84; 95% CI 0.76-0.91) than simvastatin with no significant difference in the number of serious adverse events. Costs during the trial period was estimated based on the trial data and a Markov model was constructed where the risk of MIs and revascularization procedures and the long-term costs, quality of life, and mortality associated with these events was simulated. Costs were based on resource consumptions recorded in the trial multiplied with recent unit costs from each country. Both direct health care costs and indirect costs (costs from lost production due to work absence) were included. Intervention lasted for the duration of the trial (4.8 years) while health-effects and costs are predicted for the lifespan of the patient. The main outcome was quality adjusted life-years (QALY) gained. High-dose treatment was predicted to lead to a mean increase in survival of 0.049 years per patient and 0.033 QALYs gained. The cost to gain one QALY was predicted to 47,197euro (Denmark), 62,639euro (Finland), 35,210euro (Norway), and 43,667euro (Sweden), with cost-effectiveness ratio decreasing with higher risk. CONCLUSION In the prevention of cardiovascular events among patients with a previous MI, high-dose atorvastatin appears to be a cost-effective strategy when compared with generic simvastatin 20-40 mg in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. In Finland, it is cost-effective in high-risk patients. The key driver of the cost-effectiveness is the price-difference between 80 mg atorvastatin and generic simvastatin.
Implicit–Explicit Relations

Mental process and mental experience are not the same thing. The former is the operation of the mind; the latter is the subjective life that emerges from that operation. In social evaluation, implicit and explicit attitudes express this distinction. Although it is clear that they are not the same, how they differ is not. Across content domains, implicit and explicit attitude measures show substantial variability in the strength of correspondence, ranging from near zero to strongly positive. Variation in controllability, intentionality, awareness, or efficiency is thought to differentiate implicit and explicit attitudes. Dual-process theories and empirical evidence for moderating influences of implicit–explicit attitude relations provide a framework for comprehending relations between the operation and the experience of the mind.
Comparison of Letrozole and Clomiphene Citrate Efficacy along with Gonadotrophins in Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation for Intrauterine Insemination Cycles

Background We performed this study to investigate and compare the effects of Letrozole and gonadotrophins versus Clomiphene Citrate and gonadotrophins in women undergoing superovulation for Intrauterine Insemination (IUI). Methods We performed this prospective cohort study at Australian Concept and Fertility centre, Karachi Pakistan. Women younger than 40 years of age with patent fallopian tubes and infertility of more than 2 years in duration who were undergoing IUI and gonadotrophins therapy were divided into two groups, one received Letro-zole for 5 days and another received Clomiphene Citrate for 5 days. Results All 500 IUI treatment cycles conducted from March 2008 to March 2010 were included. Patients co-treated with Letrozole required fewer gonadotrophins administrations (median difference, 300 IU (95% confidence interval (CI), 225−375 IU), developed more follicles larger than 14 mm (median difference, 1 follicle, 95% CI, 1−2 follicles), and had a thicker endometrium (median difference, 1 mm, 95% CI, 0.4–1.6 mm). The pregnancy rate was not significantly different between two groups (11% vs. 12.6%). Conclusion The addition of Letrozole to gonadotrophins decreases gonadotrophins requirements and improves endometrial thickness, without a significant effect on pregnancy rates. An improved pregnancy rate has been observed in older age group, >35 years with Letrozole.
Epitopes in Mamu-A*01 Rhesus Macaques Immunity to Dominant and Subdominant Broad, Persistent SIV-Specific Cellular Protein Boosting Vaccine Regimen Induces Virus (SIV) Recombinant Priming/Subunit Range Mutant-Simian Immunodeficiency A Replication Competent Adenovirus 5 Host

CTL are important in controlling HIV and SIV infection. To quantify cellular immune responses induced by immunization, CD8 (cid:1) T cells speciﬁc for the subdominant Env p15m and p54m epitopes and/or the dominant Gag p11C epitope were evaluated by tetramer staining in nine macaques immunized with an adenovirus (Ad) 5 host range mutant (Ad5hr)-SIV env/rev recombinant and in four of nine which also received an Ad5hr-SIV gag recombinant. Two Ad5hr-SIV recombinant priming immunizations were followed by two boosts with gp120 protein or an envelope polypeptide representing the CD4 binding domain. Two mock-immu-nized macaques served as controls. IFN- (cid:2) -secreting cells were also assessed by ELISPOT assay using p11C, p15m, and p54m peptide stimuli and overlapping pooled Gag and Env peptides. As shown by tetramer staining, Ad-recombinant priming elicited a high frequency of persistent CD8 (cid:1) T cells able to recognize p11C, p15m, and p54m epitopes. The presence of memory cells 38 wk postinitial immunization was conﬁrmed by expansion of tetramer-positive CD8 (cid:1) T cells following in vitro stimulation. The SIV-speciﬁc CD8 (cid:1) T cells elicited were functional and secreted IFN- (cid:2) in response to SIV peptide stimuli. Although the level and frequency of response of peripheral blood CD8 (cid:1) T cells to the subdominant Env epitopes were not as great as those to the dominant p11C epitope, elevated responses were observed when lymph node CD8 (cid:1) T cells were evaluated. Our data conﬁrm the potency and persistence of functional cellular immune responses elicited by replication competent Ad-recombinant priming. The cellular immunity elicited is broad and extends to subdominant epitopes. The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 170: 4281–4289. of tetramer-positive cells in paired LN and peripheral blood samples on the hypothesis that greater numbers of lymph node CD8 (cid:1) T cells would stain positive compared with CD8 (cid:1) T cells in peripheral blood (37, 38). Data in this study arose from small samples. In particular, p11C tetramer data were available for only four macaques. We considered p values (cid:5) 0.05 to be statistically signiﬁcant, though we report p (cid:5) 0.10 as marginally signiﬁcant.
Robust and Fast Stereovision Based Road Obstacles Detection for Driving Safety Assistance

false matches. Lastly, section 6 presents the results of experiments about the longitudinal control of a low This paper deals with a first evaluation of the effi- speed automated vehicle (based on a second order slidciency and the robustness of the real-time "v-disparity" ing mode control) using the "v-disparity" algorithm for algorithm in stereovision [I] for generic road obstacles obstacles detection and distance computation. detection towards various types of obstacles (vehicle, pedestrian, motorbike, cyclist, boxes) and under ad- 2 ~~~~~i~~~t.1 protocol verse conditions (rain, glowing effect, noise and false matches in the disparity map)l. The theoretical good properties of the " v-disparity" algorithm - accuracy, robustness, computational speed - are experimentally confirmed. The good results obtained allow us to use this stereo algorithm as the onboard perception process for Driving Safety Assistance : conductor warning and longitudinal control of a low speed automated vehicle (using a second order sliding mode control [2]) in difficult and original situations, at frame rate using no special hardware. Results of experiments - Vehicle following at low speed, Stop'nlGo, Stop on Obstacle (pedestrian, fallen motorbike, load dropping obstacle) - are presented.
Moversight: An approach to support mobility in collaborative applications

Increasing mobility and collaboration require novel schemes for group communication that actively support closed collaborations in mobile scenarios. Existing protocols do not sufficiently support, for instance, temporary losses of connections with the group. In this paper, we introduce Moversight, a new P2P group communication protocol, which is especially designed for closed groups in mobile scenarios with varying churn rates. It supports up to 100 mobile, nomadic, or stationary participants. Moversight applies a new group communication paradigm, called mobile optimistic virtual synchrony, to handle churn-related peer failures. We describe the basic idea of Moversight.
Risk factors for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn

In utero, pulmonary blood flow is closely circumscribed and oxygenation and ventilation occur via the placental circulation. Within the first few breaths of air-breathing life, the perinatal pulmonary circulation undergoes a dramatic transition as pulmonary blood flow increases 10-fold and the pulmonary arterial blood pressure decreases by 50% within 24 hours of birth. With the loss of the placental circulation, the increase in pulmonary flow enables oxygen to enter the bloodstream. The physiologic mechanisms that account for the remarkable transition of the pulmonary circulation include establishment of an air-liquid interface, rhythmic distention of the lung, an increase in shear stress and elaboration of nitric oxide from the pulmonary endothelium. If the perinatal pulmonary circulation does not dilate, blood is shunted away from the lungs at the level of the patent foramen ovale and the ductus arteriosus leading to the profound and unremitting hypoxemia that characterizes persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), a syndrome without either optimally effective preventative or treatment strategies. Despite significant advances in treatment, PPHN remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal centers across the globe. While there is information surrounding factors that might increase the risk of PPHN, knowledge remains incomplete. Cesarean section delivery, high maternal body mass index, maternal use of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and maternal diabetes mellitus are among the factors associated with an increased risk for PPHN. Recent data suggest that maternal use of serotonin reuptake inhibitors might represent another important risk factor for PPHN.
New control methods for single phase PWM regenerative rectifier with power decoupling function

This paper presents a new method for power decoupling control of single phase AC/DC converters using three switch poles to achieve unity power factor operation at AC side and power decoupling function at DC side. The method proposed compensate the pulsating power at twice the grid frequency by absorbing low frequency ripple current to a DC decoupling capacitor through the third switch pole operation for bidirectional power flow. This approach can eliminate the need of large filter capacitor in DC side which is required to suppress the low frequency ripples. This paper will explain the principles of operations of the proposed method, and experimental results will also be presented for validation.
Utilizing an Integrative Multilens Model

Numerous studies have examined firm performance primarily in emerging economies such as Central and Eastern Europe and China. These economies had institutional voids characterized by major institutional gaps associated with transitioning from command-based systems to free market systems. These economies, however, had moderate levels of factors of production. This study extends the literature on emerging economies in four distinct ways. First, we call for an examination of firm performance in a category of underresearched emerging economies that we call "double void. " These have low levels of both market institutions and factors of production. Second, we develop a model integrating two theoretical perspectives used in current research (institutional theory and resource-based theory) with resource-dependence theory, which has not been used much but is particularly relevant to double-void emerging economies. Third, we use our integrative multilens model to highlight factors affecting firm performance in double-void contexts. Fourth, we explore and highlight several research implications of this study and propose further research in emerging economies.
Image Retrieval on Mobile Devices

With the growing number of mobile devices and the access possibility to thousands of images from these devices, the users call for efficient image search techniques for mobile devices. Desktop paradigms cannot be used with the smaller screen sizes, hence it is needful to offer alternative searching and browsing strategies, which are adapted for mobile devices. In this paper we describe our ideas how image retrieval on mobile devices can be accomplished.
3D Role-Playing Games as Language Learning Tools

Leveraging the experiential cognition and motivational factors of 3D games, we conduct a pilot study that utilizes Ever Quest 2 as pedagogical learning tool for English as a second language (ESL) students. We combine the benefits of massive multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs) and second language methodology to create a digital learning environment for second language acquisition (SLA). Rather than using traditional computerassisted language learning (CALL) software, we explore the immersive, virtual environment of Ever Quest 2 as ESL participants assume virtual identities and engage in social interactions within the game world. We suggest that language becomes a crucial artifact for character development and completion of game tasks in the virtual world. Preliminary results demonstrate that Ever Quest 2 intermediate and advanced ESL students increase their English vocabulary by 40% as result of game play interactions with non-playing characters (NPCs). Furthermore, intermediate and advanced ESL students practice their conversational skills with playing characters (PCs), generating a 100% increase in chat messages during eight sessions of game play. These results lead to the conclusion that MMORPGs can provide motivation and adequate language learning support for intermediate and advanced ESL students.
Exchange Rate Policy and Regional Trade Agreements: A Case of Conflicted Interests?

The results highlight the conflicting interests of countries — to stabilize exchange rates or to keep the option of exchange rate depreciation in order to maintain competitiveness of domestic tradable producers. With deepening integration in East Asia, however, the desire for exchange rate stability will eventually outweigh the desire to maintain a protectionist tool. How extensive the pressures will be in East Asia will depend not only on how many countries seriously desire to be in the more integrated economic area in which Factory Asia operates, but also on their institutional and political readiness to commit in such schemes at the cost of renouncing an important policy instrument.