Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The EyeSys videokeratoscopic assessment of apical radius and p‐value in the normal human cornea

The EyeSys videokeratoscope was used to assess the corneal topography in 98 subjects. Scatterplots of distance squared versus radius squared were plotted for the near horizontal and near vertical principal meridians of the two eyes. The regression lines allowed calculation of the surface apical radius and the p‐value. The group average apical radius was 7.93 mm (horizontal) and 7.78 mm (vertical). The group average p‐value was 0.76 (horizontal) and 0.82 (vertical). Both apical radius and p‐value were similar when comparing the two eyes for both the horizontal and the vertical meridians. The two meridians in a single eye, however, had different values for both apical radius and p‐value. Male apical radii were longer than those of females but the p‐values were the same. There is no apparent association between age and either apical radius or p‐value for the subjects used in this study. The asphericity of the cornea does not show any apparent association with corneal curvature in this group of subjects.
Problematic Internet Use among Medical School Students in MenoufiaUniversity Egypt

Background: The use of computer and internet is increasing day after day. It can lead to a state that appears to be as disorder with wide range of definitions and diagnosis as problematic, pathological internet using up to internet addiction. The purpose of this study: was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of Pathological internet use among Menoufia medical students and effect on their academic achievement. Method: Case control study nested in cross sectional study was conducted. The estimated sample was 369 students. Predesigned questionnaire used including socioeconomic status, validated twenty questions Young scale to assess the condition of internet using in the last six months, risk factor and the previous students' year result. Result: About 48.5% of students were included in pathological internet user. The main causes for internet using were chatting and games 43.1%. Risk factors were being males, from urban area, middle and high socioeconomic status, availability of internet at home, private laptop and private android mobile were. There was significant negative correlation between problematic internet use and academic achievement. The main predictor of pathological internet use in this study was availability of android mobile. Conclusion: The pathological/problematic internet use was prevalent among 48.5% of the studied students however the students with pathological internet use showed significant better academic grade than the other group. Implications and Contribution: There is wide use of internet for studying activities among medical school students. The use of internet for long period may cause variable degrees of dependence on the computer and internet use. So there is need to study the effect of their use on the academic achievement and weight the benefit to the hazards.
Differential Expression of K4-AP Currents and Kv3.1 Potassium Channel Transcripts in Cortical Neurons that Develop Distinct Firing Phenotypes

Maturation of electrical excitability during early postnatal development is critical to formation of functional neural circuitry in the mammalian neocortex. Little is known, however, about the changes in gene expression underlying the development of firing properties that characterize different classes of cortical neurons. Here we describe the development of cortical neurons with two distinct firing phenotypes, regular-spiking (RS) and fast-spiking (FS), that appear to emerge from a population of immature multiple-spiking (IMS) neurons during the first two postnatal weeks, both in vivo(within layer IV) and in vitro. We report the expression of a slowly inactivating, 4-AP-sensitive potassium current (K4-AP) at significantly higher density in FS compared with RS neurons. The same current is expressed at intermediate levels in IMS neurons. The kinetic, voltage-dependent, and pharmacological properties of the K4-AP current are similar to those observed by heterologous expression of Kv3.1 potassium channel mRNA. Single-cell RT-PCR analysis demonstrates that PCR products representing Kv3.1 transcripts are amplified more frequently from FS than RS neurons, with an intermediate frequency of Kv3.1 detection in neurons with immature firing properties. Taken together, these data suggest that the Kv3.1 gene encodes the K4-AP current and that expression of this gene is regulated in a cell-specific manner during development. Analysis of the effects of 4-AP on firing properties suggests that the K4-AP current is important for rapid action potential repolarization, fast after-hyperpolarization, brief refractory period, and high firing frequency characteristic of FS GABAergic interneurons.
Nebraska High School Students’ Computer Skills and Attitudes

Abstract The widely held conception based on previous studies is that differences exist between gender and racial groups in their attitudes toward and their usage of computer technology. This study used a survey with many open-ended questions to investigate possible differences between high school males and females and racial groups in coeducational and same-sex schools in Nebraska in their attitudes, use, and career interest in technology. Results indicate some areas of difference and some commonalities between gender and racial groups. Hispanics showed a significantly higher interest in computer careers than any other racial group. Implications for educators are discussed.
FIMBRIN1 Is Involved in Lily Pollen Tube Growth by Stabilizing the Actin Fringe[C][W][OA]

Fimbrin family proteins have long been known as actin binding proteins that regulate the formation of higher-order actin filament structures. FIM1, a fimbrin homolog from Lilium longiflorum, is found to cross-link actin microfilaments into bundles in vitro and is demonstrated to play important roles in the maintenance of the actin fringe in pollen tubes. An actin fringe structure in the subapex plays an important role in pollen tube tip growth. However, the precise mechanism by which the actin fringe is generated and maintained remains largely unknown. Here, we cloned a 2606-bp full-length cDNA encoding a deduced 77-kD fimbrin-like protein from lily (Lilium longiflorum), named FIMBRIN1 (FIM1). Ll-FIM1 was preferentially expressed in pollen and concentrated at actin fringe in the subapical region, as well as in longitudinal actin-filament bundles in the shank of pollen tubes. Microinjection of Ll-FIM1 antibody into lily pollen tubes inhibited tip growth and disrupted the actin fringe. Furthermore, we verified the function of Ll-FIM1 in the fim5 mutant of its closest relative, Arabidopsis thaliana. Pollen tubes of fim5 mutants grew with a larger diameter in early stages but could recover into normal forms in later stages, despite significantly slower growth rates. The actin fringe of the fim5 mutants, however, was impaired during both early and late stages. Impressively, stable expression of fim5pro:GFP:Ll-FIM1 rescued the actin fringe and the growth rate of Arabidopsis fim5 pollen tubes. In vitro biochemical analysis showed that Ll-FIM1 could bundle actin filaments. Thus, our study has identified a fimbrin that may stabilize the actin fringe by cross-linking actin filaments into bundles, which is important for proper tip growth of lily pollen tubes.
Isolation of the Candida albicans histidinol dehydrogenase (HIS4) gene and characterization of a histidine auxotroph

Genetic studies were done with Candida albicans CBS 562. Various auxotrophs were isolated following mutagenesis with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. SAG5 (his4C), a stable histidine auxotroph defective in histidinol dehydrogenase activity, was characterized and chosen for further molecular studies. Therefore, the C. albicans HIS4 gene was isolated. The gene was obtained from a genomic library of the wild-type strain, which was constructed in plasmid YEp24. The HIS4 gene was isolated by transformation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain that carried a his4 mutation. The isolated C. albicans HIS4 gene complemented S. cerevisiae his4A, his4B, his4C, and his4ABC mutant strains, which indicates that the clone contains the entire HIS4 gene. The gene was isolated on plasmid pSTC7, whose physical map was constructed with BamHI, SalI, and EcoRV restriction endonucleases, locating the HIS4 gene on a 14-kilobase-pair DNA fragment. Hybridization experiments with HIS4 and C. albicans genomic DNA showed correspondence between the restriction patterns of the gene with that of the chromosomal DNA, indicating that the gene originates from C. albicans and appears in a single copy. Chromosomes of C. albicans CBS562 and four other strains were resolved by orthogonal-field alteration gel electrophoresis. The electrokaryotyping results showed heterogeneity in chromosomal sizes. The electrokaryotyping of CBS 562 showed a resolution of six chromosomal bands, three of which seemed to be doublets. The C. albicans HIS4 gene was located on the largest resolvable chromosome in all of the strains.
Implementation of “the consensus statement for the standard of care in spinal muscular atrophy” when applied to infants with severe type 1 SMA in the UK

The diagnosis of severe type 1 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) should be confirmed by an expert in paediatric neuromuscular disease. Invasive investigations are not usually necessary as the diagnosis is confirmed with a DNA blood test. Care thereafter should be delivered close to home by a multidisciplinary team with a clear point of access during times of crisis. The aim of care is to keep the infant as well as possible with the best possible quality of life. There are many forms of active respiratory management which can help maintain the well-being of infants with severe type 1 SMA. These include approaches to reduce the risk of infection and aspiration and appropriate techniques of airway and secretion clearance. The use of non-invasive ventilation may be helpful for some, usually less-severely affected infants, particularly to assist extubation. Long-term invasive ventilation is not recommended. Active assessment of feeding and nutrition is vital, and most babies can be managed well with nasogastric feeds. Gastrostomy may be considered for some infants, but the benefits should be carefully weighed against the risks. It is vital to share information and formulate an anticipatory care plan with the infant's parents from the point of diagnosis.
Association between 5-HTTLPR and Borderline Personality Disorder Traits among Youth

This study provides the first genetic association examination of borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits in children and adolescents (ages 9–15) using two independent samples of youth recruited from the general community. We tested the a priori hypothesis that the serotonin transporter promoter gene (5-HTTLPR) would relate specifically to BPD traits in youth. This association was hypothesized based on prior genetic association research with BPD adults and theory positing that emotion dysregulation may be a core risk process contributing to BPD. Youth provided DNA via buccal cells. Both youth and a parent completed self-report measures assessing youth's BPD traits and depressive symptoms. Results from both Study 1 (N = 242) and an independent replication sample of Study 2 (N = 144) showed that carriers of the short allele of 5-HTTLPR exhibited the highest levels of BPD traits. This relation was observed even after controlling for the substantial co-occurrence between BPD traits and depressive symptoms. This specific association between 5-HTTLPR and BPD traits among youth supports previous genetic associations with adults diagnosed with BPD and provides preliminary support for a developmental extension of etiological risk for BPD among youth.
Spoken language processing in a multilingual context

The authors overview the spoken language processing activities at LIMSI, which are carried out in a multilingual framework. These activities include speech-to-text conversion, spoken language systems for information retrieval, speaker and language recognition, and speech response. The Spoken Language Processing Group has also been actively involved in corpora development and evaluation. The group has regularly participated in evaluations organized by ARPA, in the LE-SQALE project, and in the AUPELF-UREF program for provision of linguistic resources and evaluation tests for French.
School Counsellors' Insights on Well-Being

School counselling is an innovative recent educational endeavour in India. The aim and objective of this research was to explore the insights of psychological well-being of school counsellors. Researcher adopted the qualitative research method as it is appropriate to the counselling profession. Eight school counsellors participated in this research. Data collected through in-depth interviews was analyzed through thematic analysis within the parameters of Interpretative Phenomenological Approach. The concept of psychological well-being was explored in detail and it was found that it was a state of mind including sound and balanced behaviour, sharp thinking and positive behaviour. The totality of an individual supported the emotional balance, economical fitness capacity of adjustment. Wellbeing is an integrated life such as physical, mental, spiritual, social and psychological development. This could be a helpful guide for school counsellors in their career, and work as a practical check list for counsellors to ensure their own well-being.
From Decision Trees to Classification Rules with Data Representing User Traffic from an e-Learning Platform

The paper presents two state-of-the-art techniques of analyzing data. The employed techniques are decision trees and classification rules. The analyzed data is represented by user traffic gathered from an e-learning platform. User traffic data is represented by actions performed by platform's users. In our analysis we are interested only in student's performed actions. The analysis process creates a decision tree from collected data and then derives the classification rules on the same dataset. We investigate the accuracy and interestingness of the two models
Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Shear Bond Strength of Adhesives to Primary Teeth Enamel

Background: CPP-ACP (Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate) has an important role in caries prevention in pediatric patients. This study was done, because of the great use of CPP-ACP and the need for restoration for teeth treated with CPP-ACP as well as the importance of shear bond strength of adhesives in the success of restorations. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on shear bond strength of dental adhesives to enamel of primary teeth molars. Materials and Methods: This in vitro study was conducted on 180 extracted primary molars. They were randomly divided into 6 groups and each group was divided into 2 subgroups (treated with CPP-ACP and untreated). In subgroups with CPP-ACP, enamel was treated with CPP-ACP paste 1 h/d for 5 days. Types of adhesives that were evaluated in this study were Tetric N-Bond, AdheSE, AdheSE One F, single Bond 2, SE Bond, and Adper Prompt L-Pop. Shear bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine and mode of failure was evaluated under stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed by T test, 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey and Fisher exact test using SPSS18. P < 0.05 was considered as significance level. Results: Shear bond strengths of different adhesive systems to enamel of primary teeth treated and untreated with CPP-ACP showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Mode of failure in all groups regardless of CPP-ACP administration was mainly adhesive type. Our results indicated that CPP-ACP did not affect shear bond strength of studied adhesives to primary teeth enamel. Conclusions: To have a successful and durable composite restoration, having a high strength bonding is essential. Considering the wide use of CPP-ACP in preventing tooth decay and the role of adhesive shear bond strength (SBS) in success of composite restoration, we conducted the present study to evaluate the effect of CPP-ACP on the SBS of adhesives to primary teeth enamel.
Modeling and analysis of split core pulse transformer for solid state pulse power modulator

A pulsed power system is the transformation of electrical energy in to the high peak power pulses which can be transferred to the load by means of switching devices like MOSFET, SCR, IGBT etc. which converts a low power to high power short time pulse hence, very high average power and energy will get with the pulsed power system. This system is a simply energy storage either in electrostatic field i.e. Capacitors or magnetic field i.e. inductors which can be released in the form of high power pulses to the load. Nowadays, load includes sample of biological cells it is a new applications where the manipulation of mammalian cells with pulsed electric fields as they can trigger apoptosis in cancer cells and can be used to fight tumors. The use of streamers and pulsed electric fields on cells are the starting of new era in biomedical engineering. This paper discusses the technique used to find the parasitic elements of the transformer like leakage inductance and distributed capacitance also discusses in detailed the comparison of simulated results by CST (Computer Simulation Technique) software and calculated values for a pulse transformer hence prototype solid-state pulse power modulator rated for 56 kV, 4μs and 250Hz has been designed with split core transformer topology for biomedical applications.
1er après-propos. Language access and theory of mind reasoning : Research with native signing deaf children

Acces au langage et raisonnement de type theorie de l’esprit: recherches avec des enfants sourds signeurs natifs Ce commentaire a pour objectif de souligner les aspects fondamentaux des resultats recents concernant le raisonnement de type theorie de l’esprit (TOM) chez les jeunes enfants et ses relations avec l’acces au langage. Â maints egards, il apparait desormais clairement que le raisonnement de type TOM et plus generalement les aspects de la mentalisation qui lui sont associes comme la comprehension des emotions, sont independants de l’acquisition de la syntaxe et d’autres aspects du langage, mais sont lies par contre a l’utilisation du langage comme base de discussion a propos des etats mentaux. Les recherches avec les enfants sourds signeurs natifs et issus de familles de sourds sont particulierement demonstratives de ce point de vue. Avec des environnements langagiers similaires a la maison, les enfants signeurs natifs bilingues qui ont acces a la fois au langage signe et au langage parle a l’ecole ont des performances en TOM bien superieures aux enfants qui sont dans des ecoles oralistes ou l’acces au langage signe est absent. De tels resultats suggerent que l’expression d’une TOM chez les signeurs natifs pourrait etre stimulee par la pratique et l’automatisation, dans un environnement ou l’acces au langage natif (naturel) est continu. Dans ce cas, les enfants ont des conditions optimales pour maitriser les aspects de la conversation portant sur les etats mentaux avec toutes les implications qui en decoulent dans l’evaluation metarepresentationnelle, et en particulier les etats epistemiques de croyance vraie ou fausse.
Low-complexity multi-standard variable length coding decoder using tree-based partition and classification

MPEG-2 and H.264/AVC use variable length coding (VLC) to remove statistical redundancy. Representing the codeword table efficiently is thus an important issue to reduce hardware complexity, especially for multi-standard applications. In this study, the VLC tree is decomposed using sub-tree classification. The proposed algorithm reduces the amount of storage required for codewords. The proposed MPEG-2/H.264 VLC decoder has 11.9 K gates when synthesised to operate at 180 MHz. The gate count is 20% lower than the sum of gate count of individual H.264 and MPEG-2 VLC decoders.
Momentum-based reactive stepping controller on level and non-level ground for humanoid robot push recovery

This paper presents a momentum-based reactive stepping controller for humanoid robot push recovery. By properly regulating combinations of linear and angular momenta, the controller can selectively encourage the robot to recover its balance with or without taking a step. A reference stepping location is computed by modeling the humanoid as a passive rimless wheel with two spokes such that stepping on the location leads to a complete stop of the wheel at the vertically upright position. In contrast to most reference points for stepping based on pendulum models such as the capture point, our reference point exists on both level and non-level grounds. Moreover, in contrast with continuously evolving step locations, our step location is stationary. The computation of the location of the reference point also generates the duration of step which can be used for designing a stepping trajectory. Momentum-based stepping for push recovery is implemented in simulations of a full size humanoid on 3D non-level ground.
Developmental abnormalities of the medial temporal lobe in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

PURPOSE To evaluate MR temporal lobe malformations and their frequency in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. METHODS Two hundred twenty-two consecutive adult patients with temporal lobe epilepsy of varying severity were investigated with 1.0-T or 1.5-T MR units using three-dimensional T1-weighted acquisition protocol. RESULTS Sixteen patients (7.2%) presented with malformations of the temporal lobe. Four patterns of malformations were encountered: (a) heterotopia (n = 1), lining the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle; (b) focal neocortical dysgenesis (n = 6), which consisted of cortical thickening, poor gray/white matter demarcation, abnormal gyration (n = 5), or limited schizencephaly (n = 1); (c) hippocampal malformations (n = 5), which presented as abnormal hippocampal formation associated with a cyst (n = 2), isolated malformation of the subiculum (n = 1), or bilateral hippocampal malformation (n = 2) consisting of an abnormal shape and a misplaced fimbria; (d) complex malformations of the temporal lobe, combining categories a, b, and c (n = 4). The age at onset, severity of the disease, and occurrence of generalized tonicoclonic seizures were not significantly different between patients with malformations and the entire population of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. CONCLUSION MR analysis of temporal lobe malformations allowed a precise determination of the extent of the malformations and the presence or absence of associated hippocampal disease, all of which are of great help in the preoperative evaluation of patients with intractable epilepsy.
A depth map rate control algorithm for HEVC Multi-View Video plus Depth

In this paper, we present a depth map rate control algorithm for the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Multi-View Video plus Depth (MVD) representation. The proposed algorithm is based on a bit allocation refinement technique for key frames together with a depth-map inspired R-λ model coupled with an adaptive clipping algorithm designed to exploit the depth map characteristics. This results in improved video quality of the synthesized views while maintaining depth map rate control accuracy. This scheme was tested using various standard test sequences and has shown efficacy with an average improvement of the synthesized view Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Bjøntegaard Delta PSNR (BD-PSNR) of 1.15% and 0.45dB respectively, whilst achieving a bit rate error reduction of 0.2% when compared to the reference rate control algorithm implemented in MV-HEVC.