Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Right Atrium Affects in silico Arrhythmia Vulnerability in Both Atria

Introduction: The role of the right atrium (RA) in atrial fibrillation (AF) has long been overlooked. Computer models of the atria can aid in assessing how the RA influences arrhythmia vulnerability and in studying the role of RA drivers in the induction of AF, both aspects challenging to assess in living patients. It remains unclear if incorporating the RA influences the reentry inducibility of the model. As personalized ablation strategies rely on non-inducibility criteria, the adequacy of left atrium (LA)-only models for developing such ablation tools is uncertain. Aim: To evaluate the effect of incorporating the RA in 3D patient-specific computer models on arrhythmia vulnerability. Methods: Imaging data from 8 subjects were obtained to generate patient-specific computer models. We created 2 models for each subject: a monoatrial with only the LA and a biatrial with both the RA and LA. We considered 3 different states of substrate remodeling: healthy (H), mild (M), and severe (S). The Courtemanche et al. cellular model was modified from control conditions to a setup representing AF-induced remodeling with 0%, 50%, and 100% changes for H, M, and S, respectively. Conduction velocity was set to 1.2, 1.0, and 0.8 m/s for each remodeling state. Fibrosis extent corresponded to Utah 2 (5-20%) and Utah 4 (>35%) stages for M and S, while the H state was modeled without fibrosis. Arrhythmia vulnerability was assessed by virtual S1S2 pacing from different points separated by 2 cm using openCARP. A point was classified as inducing arrhythmia if reentry was maintained for at least 1 s. The vulnerability ratio was defined as the number of inducing points divided by the number of stimulation points. The mean tachycardia cycle length (TCL) was assessed at the stimulation site. We compared LA vulnerability ratios in monoatrial and biatrial models. Results: Incorporating the RA increased the mean LA vulnerability ratio by 115.8% (0.19{+/-}0.13 to 0.41{+/-}0.22, p=0.033) in state M and 29.0% in state S (0.31{+/-}0.14 to 0.40{+/-}0.15, p=0.219). No arrhythmia was induced in the H models. RA inclusion increased the TCL of LA reentries by 5.5% (186.9{+/-}13.3ms to 197.2{+/-}18.3ms, p=0.006) in scenario M and decreased it by 7.2% (224.3{+/-}27.6ms to 208.2{+/-}34.8ms, p=0.010) in scenario S. RA inclusion increased LA inducibility revealing 5.5{+/-}3.0 new points per patient in the LA for the biatrial model, which did not induce reentry in the monoatrial model. Conclusions: LA reentry vulnerability in a biatrial model is higher than in a monoatrial model. Incorporating the RA in patient-specific computational models unmasked potential inducing points in the LA. The RA had a substrate-dependent effect on reentry dynamics, altering the TCL of LA-induced reentries. Our results provide evidence for an important role of the RA in the maintenance and induction of arrhythmia in patient-specific computational models, thus suggesting the use of biatrial models.
Design study of the collection optics for Polarimetric Thomson Scattering on ITER

The ITER Core Plasma Thomson Scattering (CPTS) system is the primary diagnostic for the electron temperature (Te ) and electron density (ne ) profiles. For high performance ITER operating scenarios in which core Te > 20 keV, the conventional spectral CPTS will not provide measurement accuracy sufficient for advanced machine control. Addition of polarimetric measurement capability to the CPTS diagnostic is projected to increase measurement accuracy in high temperature/low density plasmas to required levels. To determine the feasibility of Polarimetric TS implementation on ITER, the polarization characteristics of the CPTS scattered light collection system have been modeled as part of a conceptual design study. When linearly polarized light is propagated through the CPTS collections optics, polarization is rotated and ellipticized. This characteristic of the ITER collection optical system complicates separation and analysis of the depolarized component of the Thomson scattered light that is produced at high Te . To address this challenge, a custom waveplate and polarizing beamsplitter should be mounted before the final lens in the CPTS collection optical system. Additionally, polarization performance should be one of the criteria by which materials and coatings are selected for the CPTS collection optical system.
Performance evaluation of deep learning techniques for human activity recognition system

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is crucial in various applications, such as sports and surveillance. This paper focuses on the performance evaluation of a HAR system using deep learning techniques. Features will be extracted using 3DCNN, and classification will be performed using LSTM. Meanwhile, 3DCNN and RNN are two additional, well-known classification techniques that will be applied in order to compare the effectiveness of the three classifiers. The 3DCNN-LSTM approach contributes the highest overall accuracy of 86.57%, followed by 3DCNN-3DCNN and 3DCNN-RNN with the overall accuracy of 86.07% and 79.60%, respectively. Overall, this paper contributes to the field of HAR and provides valuable insights for the development of activity recognition systems.
Assessment of magnetic field on body axis and orbit axis of RazakSAT in Near Equatorial Orbit using IGRF model

Magnetometer is reference sensor of satellite that function to measure the vector of magnetic field during satellite enter the orbit. The magnetic field measurement vector will be employed in the Attitude Determination System (ADS) to calculate the satellite’s orientation with respect to the Earth. However, any misalignments or disturbances on the ADS can affect the orientation of the satellite in terms of the orbital position. Therefore, in this paper assessment of magnetic field on body axis and orbit axis of RazakSAT by using The International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) model. RazakSAT as references to verify the IGRF model by using residual analysis that percentage error less than 5% requirement from Astronautic Technology Sdn Bhd (ATSB). The result show, Y-axis and Z-axis from orbit frame meet the requirement of ATSB is less than 5%.
Economic valuation of ecosystem services trade-offs of tilapia cage culture farm and native capture fisheries in Lake Maninjau, Indonesia

Research on the effects of cage aquaculture on native fish populations has revealed its negative and positive impacts. However, a separate analysis of its ecological and economic effects creates incomplete information for the decision-makers. Moreover, the inadequacy of time series data has caused challenges to knowledge-based decision-making in establishing new cage aquaculture sites, especially in low-middle income countries. We use the ecosystem services (ES) framework to analyse the synergy and trade-off of cage aquaculture to a native fish species, Gobiopterus sp. in Lake Maninjau, Indonesia, as an effort to provide comprehensive information to support local decision-makers and to fill the information gap. We engaged some modelling techniques such as the Maximum Entropy Model (MaxEnt) validated with field survey data, Bayesian Networks (BN), and Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) in this research. The results show that cage aquaculture provides habitat services for the species and temporary forgone fish production due to the accelerated sulfur upwelling. The economic value of habitat provision reached 74,500 IDR per year per cage or 1,128 million IDR per year in 2017. Further, the average value of the forgone benefit of fish production in the current cage aquaculture business extends from more than 550 million IDR per year in the dry season to almost 600 million IDR per year in the rainy season. The results indicate that the negative impacts of cage aquaculture on the native fish population outweigh its benefit. The recommendation for management actions includes applying alternative aquaculture techniques and other technological interventions.
Measuring and managing the impact of secondary salinisation on riparian flora

Although secondary salinisation of streams has long been recognised as a major threat to biodiversity in Australia, there is little empirical evidence of the impacts of salinisation on riparian flora. We studied the effects of soil salinity on riparian plants in two adjacent catchments of the Collie River in the south west of Western Australia. We found significant negative relationships between soil salinity and the diversity of riparian plants, both within and between catchments. Increasing salinity was also associated with a change in plant species composition, which appeared to be due to a greater impact of salinity on some riparian plant species than on others. In controlled laboratory experiments, increasing salinity significantly decreased germination rates in Bossiaea eriocarpa, Hypocalymma angustifolium, Hakea lissocarpha, Hakea undulata and Hakea varia, all of which were relatively more common in the field at low soil salinities, while there was no effect of salinity on germination rates in Melaleuca viminea, Xanthorrhoea preissii and Corymbia calophylla, which were all relatively more common at high soil salinities. We hypothesise that increasing salinity reduced the diversity of riparian plant species; this may have important consequences for the functioning of salinised riparian ecosystems.
MMOTU: A Multi-Modality Ovarian Tumor Ultrasound Image Dataset for Unsupervised Cross-Domain Semantic Segmentation

Ovarian cancer is one of the most harmful gynecological diseases. Detecting ovarian tumors in early stage with computer-aided techniques can efficiently decrease the mortality rate. With the improvement of medical treatment standard, ultrasound images are widely applied in clinical treatment. However, recent notable methods mainly focus on single-modality ultrasound ovarian tumor segmentation or recognition, which means there still lacks researches on exploring the representation capability of multi-modality ultrasound ovarian tumor images. To solve this problem, we propose a Multi-Modality Ovarian Tumor Ultrasound (MMOTU) image dataset containing 1469 2d ultrasound images and 170 contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) images with pixel-wise and global-wise annotations. Based on MMOTU, we mainly focus on unsupervised cross-domain semantic segmentation task. To solve the domain shift problem, we propose a feature alignment based architecture named Dual-Scheme Domain-Selected Network (DS2Net). Specifically, we first design source-encoder and target-encoder to extract two-style features of source and target images. Then, we propose Domain-Distinct Selected Module (DDSM) and Domain-Universal Selected Module (DUSM) to extract the distinct and universal features in two styles (source-style or target-style). Finally, we fuse these two kinds of features and feed them into the source-decoder and target-decoder to generate final predictions. Extensive comparison experiments and analysis on MMOTU image dataset show that DS2Net can boost the segmentation performance for bidirectional cross-domain adaptation of 2d ultrasound images and CEUS images. Our proposed dataset and code are all available at https://github.com/cv516Buaa/MMOTU_DS2Net.
Revisiting big bang nucleosynthesis with a new particle species : effect of co-annihilation with nucleons

In big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), the light matter abundance is dictated by the neutron-to-proton ($n/p$) ratio which is controlled by the standard weak processes in the early universe. Here, we study the effect of an extra particle species ($\chi$) which \textit{co-annihilates} with neutron (proton), thereby potentially changing the ($n/p$) ratio in addition to the former processes. We find a novel interplay between the co-annihilation and the weak interaction in deciding the ($n/p$) ratio and the yield of $\chi$. Large co-annihilation strength ($G_D$) in comparison to the weak coupling ($G_F$), potentially can alter the number of nucleons in the thermal bath modifying the ($n/p$) ratio from its standard evolution. We find that the standard BBN prediction is restored for $G_D/G_F \lesssim 10^{-2}$, while the mass of $\chi$ being much smaller than the neutron mass. When the mass of $\chi$ is comparable to the neutron mass, we can allow large $G_D/G_F ~(\gtrsim 10^2)$ values, as the thermal abundance of $\chi$ becomes Boltzmann-suppressed. Therefore, the ($n/p$) ratio is restored to its standard value via dominant weak processes in later epochs. We also discuss the stability of the new particle in an effective theroy framework for co-annihilation. Further, the co-annihilation interaction generates elastic scattering of $\chi$ and nucleons at the next-to-leading order. This provides a way to probe the scenario in direct detection experiments, if $\chi$ is accidentally stable over cosmological timescale.
Initial steps towards a robotic solution for the manufacturing and assembly of thin-film space solar arrays

Print-assisted photovoltaic panel assembly (PAPPA), a novel printed electronic process presented herein, uses additive manufacturing to print flexible paneling components around commercial off-the-shelf thin-film solar cells. This builds a fully functional, flexible solar panel, suitable for space environments, via an automated process. Currently, thin-film space solar panels are manufactured via the compilation of piece parts by hand. In contrast PAPPA automates the labor-intensive paneling process. The advantages are twofold: (i) near-term: solar panel cost reduction alongside the enablement of very large-scale production and (ii) long-term: builds towards a capability for in-space solar panel manufacturing. Herein, details of the process, proof-of-concept functional testing, and implications for further development and application are presented.
Solution-based coating and printing of polycrystalline Ge films using GeO2 solution by moderate-pressure hydrogen plasma reduction

A printable-formation method for Ge films using a GeO2 solution was developed in this study. The GeO2 film was prepared by applying GeO2 ink on a glass substrate and reducing it using high-pressure H2-based plasma. The crystallinity, electrical conductivity, and photosensitivity of the films were examined before and after the plasma treatment. The film transformed from amorphous GeO2 to crystalline Ge after treatment with the H2-based plasma. The Ge film obtained after H2 plasma reduction exhibited an electrical resistivity of 4000 Ω cm and a photosensitivity of 1.9 under AM 1.5G illumination of 100 mW cm−2. In addition, the dependence of the reduction behavior of the GeO2 film on the process parameters, such as the input power, substrate temperature, treatment time, and hydrogen concentration, were investigated systematically. The reduction of GeO2 by H2 plasma proceeded with an increase in the input power. The thickness of the reduced Ge film depended strongly on the substrate temperature, and the plasma reduction process required a low reduction temperature and short reaction time as compared to those of the thermal reduction process. The presence of only 4% H2 gas in the process atmosphere played an important role in the reduction and crystallization of the Ge film, although pure He plasma could also reduce the GeO2 film. Thus, we demonstrated the position-controlled preparation of Ge films using a commercial inkjet printer loaded with a GeO2 ink solution.
NUTRIENTS AND CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE COLUMBIA RIVER1,2

During 1966, 1.8 × 1014 liters of water; 8.3 × 107, 2.1 × 109, and 2.7 × 1010 moles of phosphate, nitrate, and reactive silicate; 1.9 × 1011 equivalents of alkalinity; and 1.9 × 1011 moles of total carbon dioxide passed through Clatskanie, 87 km above the mouth of the Columbia River into the Astoria estuary and the Pacific Ocean. Along the main stream, phosphate, nitrate, and silicate concentrations show a definite seasonal change; their maxima occur in winter and minima in summer. On-stream primary production greatly affects the formation of the summer minima. At Clatskanie, the nitrate: phosphate ratio is 3:1 during summer months and over 19:1 at other seasons. Bicarbonate ion is the major dissolved carbon dioxide species in the entire Columbia River system, where water pH measured at 20C ranges from 6.63 to 8.68. The major portion of the river system is undersaturated with respect to calcite solubility. Along the main stream, the river is supersaturated with respect to the atmospheric carbon dioxide pressure of 320 ppm.
Targeted review of maximum residue levels (MRLs) for diazinon

Abstract In accordance with Article 43 of Regulation (EC) 396/2005, EFSA received a request from the European Commission to review the existing maximum residue levels (MRLs) for the non‐approved active substance diazinon in view of the possible lowering of the MRL. EFSA investigated the origin of the current EU MRLs. For existing EU MRLs that reflect previously authorised uses in the EU, or that are based on obsolete Codex MRLs, or import tolerances that are not required any longer, EFSA proposed the lowering to the limit of quantification. EFSA performed an indicative chronic and acute dietary risk assessment for the revised list of MRLs to allow risk managers to take the appropriate decisions. For some commodities, further risk management discussions are required to decide which of the risk management options proposed by EFSA should be implemented in the EU MRL legislation.
Potential for RADARSAT-2 interferometry: glacier monitoring using speckle tracking

Satellite radar interferometry using differential phase and speckle tracking has emerged as an effective tool for monitoring glacier surface motion. The 24-day repeat orbit of RADARSAT-1 has limited the application of both these techniques to glaciers at high latitudes where long periods of sub-zero temperatures preserve surface conditions and hence coherence. To date, speckle tracking has been particularly successful for velocity measurements of large, fast-flowing glaciers and ice streams. The left-looking mode used in the RADARSAT-1 Antarctic Mapping Mission enabled the first major acquisition of interferometric data and hence large scale velocity mapping of parts of Antarctica. RADARSAT-2 will build upon this success by having easily interchangeable left- and right-imaging modes, enabling complete views of both the Arctic and the Antarctic on a regular basis. The upcoming satellite will also have an ultra-fine resolution mode (~3 m) that will reduce the stringent baseline requirements for interferometry and will make the speckle tracking technique suitable for smaller and slower glaciers. Potentially, the high resolution mode could reduce the errors in the speckle tracking method to tens of centimetres; this would make the technique appropriate for monitoring other types of terrain displacement, e.g., seismic or volcanic activity, or even terrain subsidence or slope creep.
Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques to study the behavior of dendrimers using topological indices

Topological indices provide a mathematical language for capturing molecular structure, symmetry, and predicting properties. Dendrimers are microscopic bilaterally symmetrical molecules with a well-defined homogeneous nanoparticles structure, often consisting of a symmetric center, inner shell, and outer shell. In this work, first we compute some degree-based topological indices of Porphyrin (DnPn),Poly (Propyl) Ether Imine(PETIM), Zinc porphyrin (DPZn), and Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. Then, we use multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques to establish the weighted evaluation of dendrimer classes based on certain topological indices. For weighted analysis we correlate the properties of benzene derivatives with topological invariants. Finally, based on the multi-criteria decision making techniques namely TOPSIS, SAW and MOORA method, we have ranked the dendrimer structures based on their properties.
What is it like to be a sport school student-athlete? A mixed method evaluation of holistic impacts and experiences

Assessing the holistic impact of student-athletes within sport schools is important due to the increasing popularity of sport school programmes, the likelihood that most youth athletes do not ultimately succeed in their sport and the multiple and wide ranging positive and negative impacts associated with intensified youth sport. Therefore, this study, using a mixed method design, aimed to evaluate the ‘in-time’ holistic impacts and experiences of being a sport school student-athlete. Five data collection methods (i.e., online questionnaire, physical fitness testing battery, academic assessments grades, injury data and log diaries) were used to assess athletic, academic, psychological and psychosocial holistic impacts and experiences of 83 student-athletes from one sport school in the United Kingdom (UK). Due to the mixed method approach, a triangulation design was used whereby quantitative and qualitative data were firstly analysed separately and then integrated and presented together. Overall, the findings demonstrated there were a multitude of positive impacts and experiences associated with being a sport school student-athlete. These included: high average academic attainment, satisfaction with academic support, sport competence, all-round sport development, higher general and sport specific recovery than stress, inter- and intra-personal development, social support, positive peer and parent relationships and dual career motivation. However, impacts and experiences of concern were also apparent including: participation in sport external to the school context, difficulty balancing education and sport, academic lessons missed, injury, fatigue, lack of free time, extra-curricular and social sacrifice, social intensity and body image concerns. Large inter-individual variability was demonstrated across all data analyses highlighting the variable nature of the impacts and experiences of being a sports school student-athlete. Overall, sport schools have the potential to promote many positive holistic impacts, however stakeholders need to be aware, monitor and mitigate the potential negative impacts. Flexible development programmes, individualised support and student-athlete monitoring are essential features required of sport schools to ensure healthy and holistic development for all sport school student-athletes.