Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GPR52 regulates cAMP in T cells but is dispensable for encephalitogenic responses

G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) regulate 3’,5’-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in T cells. cAMP as ubiquitous second messenger is crucial for adequate physiology of T cells by mediating effector T cell (Teff) function as well as regulatory T cell (Treg)-mediated immunosuppression. Several GPCRs have been identified to be crucial for Teff and Treg function. However, the role of the orphan, constitutively active Gs-coupled GPCR GPR52 is unknown. Here we show that GPR52 regulates cAMP levels in T cells but does not affect T cell function. We found that stimulation of transfected HEK cells or primary T cells with a GPR52 agonist results in a rise of intracellular cAMP. However, neither Gpr52 deficiency nor pharmacological modulation of GPR52 by antagonists or agonists affected T cell activation, differentiation, and proliferation or Treg-mediated immunosuppression. Moreover, Gpr52 deletion did not modify the clinical disease course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Our results demonstrate that a modulation of cAMP levels in T cells does not inevitably result in altered T cell function. While we could not identify an obvious role of GPR52 in in vitro T cell assays and in vivo CNS autoimmunity, it might regulate T cell function in a different context or affect the function of other GPR52-expressing cells.
A framework for a net environmental benefit analysis based comparative assessment of decommissioning options for anthropogenic subsea structures: A North Sea case study

Taxpayers and operators worldwide have significant current liabilities associated with decommissioning of offshore Oil & Gas (O&G) assets. Consequently, decommissioning is at the forefront of industrial, governmental, and non-governmental agendas. Decommissioning is a highly complex activity with health, safety, environmental, social, economic, and technical implications. Increasing scientific evidence supports that manmade subsea structures create hard, artificial reef habitats that provide ecological and social benefits to society. Given the significant uncertainty regarding how subsea structures should be retired at the end of their operational lifetimes, it is necessary for governments, taxpayers, and operators to understand the risks and benefits associated with potential decommissioning options. Currently, the North Sea decommissioning process is based on the policies and direction of the Oslo and Paris Convention’s (OSPAR) Decision 98/3 and follow comparative assessment (CA) multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) guidelines to determine the best overall strategy for decommissioning subsea structures; however, CA MCDA processes can be biased, ambiguous, difficult to use, interpret, and replicate, and limited in their consideration of multigenerational benefits. Consequently, to assist decision-makers in understanding and evaluating options and associated benefits for decommissioning subsea structures, this study adapted the net environmental benefit analysis (NEBA) framework to supplement and strengthen the CA process for evaluating decommissioning options for offshore O&G facilities. The net environmental benefit analysis based comparative assessment (NEBA-CA) framework is presented that addresses the growing need for a practical, quantitative, scientifically robust, defendable, and transparent MCDA approach to determine optimized decommissioning strategies for subsea assets. Increased transparency in CAs will provide an additional layer of credibility with regulators and society. The approach is data driven and a desktop analysis mainly relying on existing data. Using a North Sea case study, this work demonstrates the ability of NEBA-CA to resolve inherent complexity in comparing decommissioning options, thereby supporting operators in working with regulators to decommission assets in a way that maximizes ecosystem service benefits to society while managing site-related risks and costs. The NEBA-CA framework supplements and strengthens the standard CA process by 1) incorporating quantified metrics including multigenerational ecosystem service benefits and risks, 2) excluding front ranking (scoring) or weighting of metrics, and 3) providing consistent graphical displays to support visual differentiation of options and metrics.
UPWIND SCHEMES AND LARGE EDDY SIMULATION

SUMMARY Upwind schemes are evaluated with respect to their spectral accuracy in solving advection‐diffusion equations. Their connection to large eddy simulations (LES) and direct numerical simulations is explored. Some broad guidelines are set forth to select an appropriate scheme for simulating a Navier‐Stokes equation with or without a subgrid-scale model. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genetic and epigenetic effects on couple adjustment in context of romantic relationship: A scoping systematic review

Introduction: Couples’ relationships defined by a complex interaction between the two partners and their intrapersonal traits. Romantic; relationships and love are associated with marital satisfaction and stability, as well as couples’ happiness and health. Personality traits influence romantic relationships and, personality influenced by genetical and non-genetically factors. The roles of non-genetically factors such as socioeconomic position and external appearance have revealed in determining the quality of romantic relationships. Methods: We; performed a scoping systematic review to assess the association between genetics and epigenetic factors and romantic relationship. Relevant articles were identified by PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and the APA PsycInfo searching between inception and 4 June 2022. Results: Different studies evaluated the associated polymorphisms in 15 different genes or chromosomal regions. In the first step; we classified them into four groups: (1) Oxytocin-related signaling pathway (OXTR, CD38, and AVPR1A); (2) Serotonin-related signaling pathway (SLC6A4, HTR1A, and HTR2A); (3) Dopamine and catecholamine-related signaling pathway (DRD1, DRD2, DRD4, ANKK1, and COMT); and (4) other genes (HLA, GABRA2, OPRM1, and Y-DNA haplogroup D-M55). Then, we evaluated and extracted significant polymorphisms that affect couple adjustment and romantic relationships. Discussion: Overall, the findings suggest that genetic and epigenetics variants play a key role in marital adjustment and romantic relationships over time.
Evidence of AGN-driven Outflows in Young Radio Quasars Selected from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer

Abstract We present near-infrared spectra of young radio quasars selected by cross-correlating the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) all-sky survey catalog with the radio catalog [Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty cm (FIRST) and NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS)]. The objects have typical redshifts of z ≈ 2 and [O III] luminosities of 107 erg s−1 comparable to those of luminous quasars. The observed flux ratios of narrow emission lines indicate that these objects appear to be powered by active galactic nuclei. The [O III] line is broad, with full width at half maximum ~1300 to 2100 km s−1, significantly larger than that of ordinary quasars. These large line widths might be explained by jet-induced outflows.
Collision-Induced Vibrational and Electronic Spectra of Gaseous Oxygen at Low Temperatures

The infrared fundamental band and the five strongest near-infrared and visible electronic bands of gaseous oxygen were studied from 90 to 115 K with path lengths up to 140 m in two low-temperature multiple-traversal absorption cells. The profile of the fundamental band is in good agreement with the theory of quadrupole-induced absorption except for a low-intensity residual in the Q-branch region. Although the electronic bands are less amenable to complete analysis, the general validity of a Boltzmann relation in their intensity distributions confirms their collision-induced nature. The temperature variation of the integrated band intensities is indicative of quadrupole induction for the fundamental and of overlap induction for the electronic bands; a somewhat too sharp rise at low temperatures may be due to the neglect of the quadrupole–quadrupole coupling in evaluating the pair distribution function.
COVID-19 AND ADULT LEARNING IN NIGERIA: CAN TECHNOLOGY HELP? AN EXPLORATION OF ADULT LITERACY FACILITATORS’ PERSPECTIVE

The outbreak of COVID-19 and its impact on learning globally cannot be overemphasized. Specifically, the pandemic severely affected adult learning and these further compounded issues bedeviling literacy promotion, especially in developing nations like Nigeria. This study assessed the impact of COVID-19 on adult learning and the place of technologies in facilitating adult learning in Nigeria. A qualitative research method through the lens of the interpretive paradigm was adopted for this study. The study is underpinned by the Theory of Andragogy and the Technology Acceptance Model. An in-depth interview with forty-six adult literacy facilitators across selected states in the country forms the participants of the study. The interview transcript was analyzed using a thematic framework. Findings revealed amongst others that COVID-19 impaired adult learning significantly in Nigeria. There exists a strong belief among literacy facilitators in the country that technologies can be used as an instructional delivery mechanism for learners in adult literacy programmes. Thus, radio, television, and mobile phone ranked 1 st , 2 nd, and 3 rd respectively among suggested technological tools to facilitate adult learning in Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was suggested that there is a need for literacy stakeholders in the country to rethink adult literacy delivery modalities beyond the traditional approach. Also, it is suggested that enabling environment should be provided and familiar technologies such as radio, television and mobile phones should be used with adequate guidance and encouragement to improve learners’ access and participation in literacy programmes. While technology is not the silver bullet that will solve obstacles facing access to and participation in adult literacy programmes, there is a need to explore opportunities in the use of technologies to facilitate adult learning in Nigeria.
Symmetry forcing and convergence properties of perturbation expansions for molecular interaction energies

The convergence properties of perturbation theories for molecular interaction energies are tested by performing high-accuracy high-order numerical calculations for a ground-state hydrogen atom interacting with a proton. It is shown that a strong symmetry forcing used in the Eisenschitz-London-Hirschfelder-van der Avoird (EL-HAV) theory leads to rapidly convergent perturbation expansion whereas a weak symmetry forcing, peculiar to the Murrell-Shaw-Musher-Amos (MSMA) theory, is not able to guarantee the convergence of the resulting perturbation series. The perturbation expansion introduced recently by Jeziorski and Kolos and corresponding to an intermediate symmetry forcing is shown to converge rapidly ensuring the correct asymptotic behavior of the interaction energy calculated through second order. Despite the divergence of the resulting perturbation series the MSMA theory is shown to give very useful results at the distances corresponding to the van der Waals minimum. In this region, however, virtually the same results can be obtained by using a simpler theory employing a properly symmetrized wave function of the usual Rayleigh-Schrodinger (RS) polarization theory.
A unified regularization theory: the maximum non-extensive entropy principle

Tsallis' non-extensive entropy is used as a regularization operator. The parameter ''q'' (non-extensivity parameter) has a central role in the Tsallis' thermostatiscs formalism. Here, several values of q are investigated in inverse problems, using q 1. Two standard regularization techniques are recovered for special q-values: (i) q = 2 is the well known Tikhonov regularization; (ii) q = 1 is the standard Boltzmann-Gibbs-Shannon formulation for entropy. The regularization feature is illustrated in an inverse test problem: the estimation of initial condition in heat conduction problem. Two methods are studied for determining the regularization parameter, the maximum curvature for the L-curve, and the Morozov's discrepancy principle. The new regularization of higher order is applied to the retrieval of the atmospheric vertical profile from satellite data.
Association between ten-eleven methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 genetic variation and viral load in people with HIV

Introduction: Identifying genetic factors that influence HIV-pathogenesis is critical for understanding disease pathways. Previous studies have suggested a role for the human gene ten-eleven methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) in modulating HIV-pathogenesis. Methods: We assessed whether genetic variation in TET2 was associated with markers of HIV-pathogenesis using both gene level and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) level association in 8512 HIV-positive persons across five clinical trial cohorts. Results: Variation at both the gene and SNP-level of TET2 was found to be associated with levels of HIV viral load (HIV-VL) consistently in the two cohorts that recruited antiretroviral-naïve participants. The SNPs occurred in two clusters of high linkage disequilibrium (LD), one associated with high HIV-VL and the other low HIV-VL, and were predominantly found in Black participants. Conclusion: Genetic variation in TET2 was associated with HIV-VL in two large antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive clinical trial cohorts. The role of TET2 in HIV-pathogenesis warrants further investigation.
ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING BY A RIGHT ANGLED ANISOTROPIC IMPEDANCE WEDGE

The 3D electromagnetic scattering of plane waves from a right angled impedance wedge, with one anisotropic face, is addressed. An exact integral representation for the total field is obtained by resorting to the Maliuzhinets method. The integral representation for the field is defined along the Sommerfeld integration path, so that it can be asymptotically evaluated by standard procedures. The particular kind of anisotropic impedance considered for one of the faces of the wedge is suitable for modelling corrugated surfaces or strip loaded grounded dielectric slabs, with corrugations or strips perpendicular to the edge.
Zipf's Law and Heaps' Law Can Predict the Size of Potential Words(New Perspectives,Proceedings of the YITP Workshop on Econophysics,Econophysics 2011-The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Economy-)

We confirm Zipf’s law and Heaps’ law using various types of documents such as literary works, blogs, and computer programs. Independent of the document type, the exponents of Zipf’ law are estimated to be approximately 1, whereas Heaps’ exponents appear to be dependent on the observation size, and the estimated values are scattered around 0.5. By definition, randomly shuffled documents reproduce Zipf’s law and Heaps’ law. However, artificially generated documents using the empirically observed Zipf’s law and number of distinct words do not reproduce Heaps’ law. We demonstrate that Heaps’ law holds for artificial documents in which a certain number of distinct words are added to empirically observed distinct words. This suggests that the number of potential distinct words considered in the creation of a given document can be predicted.
Synthesis and Characterization of (1-x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-xAl6Bi2O12 Solid Solution

The new lead-free (1-x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-xAl6Bi2O12 compounds with x = 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 have been synthesized by conventional solid-state ceramic-fabrication technique. Systematic investigations on the dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of both poled and unpoled samples have been carried out. It was revealed that the dielectric and piezoelectric properties are improved by the addition of an appropriate amount of Al6Bi2O12. Comparisons of these properties between poled and unpoled samples are presented. It is found that Curie temperatures and remnant polarization are increased after poling. The coercive field is, however, decreased after poling.
Smoothing Spline Estimation for Varying Coefficient Models With Repeatedly Measured Dependent Variables

Longitudinal samples, i.e., datasets with repeated measurements over time, are common in biomedical and epidemiological studies such as clinical trials and cohort observational studies. An exploratory tool for the analyses of such data is the varying coefficient model Y(t)=XT(t)β(t) + ϵ(t), where Y(t) and X(t) = (X(0)(t),…,X(k)(t))T are the response and covariates at time t, β(t) = (β0(t),…,βk(t))T are smooth coefficient curves of t and ϵ(t) is a mean zero stochastic process. A special case that is of particular interest in many situations is data with time-dependent response and time-independent covariates. We propose in this article a componentwise smoothing spline method for estimating β0(t),…,βk(t) nonparametrically based on the previous varying coefficient model and a longitudinal sample of (t,Y(t),X) with time-independent covariates X = (X(0),…,X(k))T from n independent subjects. A “leave-one-subject-out” cross-validation is suggested to choose the smoothing parameters. Asymptotic properties of our spline estimators are developed through the explicit expressions of their asymptotic normality and risk representations, which provide useful insights for inferences. Applications and finite sample properties of our procedures are demonstrated through a longitudinal sample of opioid detoxification and a simulation study.
Optical properties and surface-enhanced Raman scattering of quasi-3D gold plasmonic nanostructures

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and optical properties on quasi-3D gold nanohole arrays with precisely controlled size and shape (circle and triangle) were investigated. The nanostructures with circular nanoholes exhibit two to three orders of magnitude higher SERS signals than those with triangular nanoholes. While the enhancement factor (EF) varies with the diameter of nanoholes for circular shaped nanostructures and shows the maximum EF for the nanostructure with 300 nm diameter, the EF for triangular shaped nanostructures does not change with the length of triangles. The normal transmission spectroscopy of white light and the electric field distributions upon the illumination of a 785 nm laser were calculated using the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) method. The relationship between SERS optical properties such as normal transmission spectra, and electric field distributions was discussed The broad tunable quasi-3D plasmonic nanostructures could have great potential applications in chemical and biological sensors based on SERS platform with molecular identity.
Generation of nanoparticle colloids by picosecond and femtosecond laser ablations in liquid flow

Fabrication of silver nanoparticle colloids using ultrashort pulse laser ablation in water is studied. Ablation in liquid flow improves the reproducibility and increases the nanoparticle productivity by 380% compared to stationary liquid. Femtosecond laser ablation in water is 20% more efficient than picosecond laser ablation, but due to higher picosecond laser power (higher repetition rate), the nanoparticle productivity at the same pulse fluence is three times higher for picosecond laser ablation. With picosecond laser pulses, the maximum productivity of 8. 6μg∕s is achieved at a pulse energy of 110μJ and repetition rate of 50kHz.
Analysis of High Dimensional Repeated Measures Designs: The One- and Two-Sample Test Statistics

All models are wrong; only some are useful. (G. E. P. Box) In this project, we have analyzed some useful models, based on an approximation introduced by G. E. P. Box; hence, the next few chapters map an odyssey wherein Box and his adage go hand in hand. In a nutshell, one- and two-sample test statistics are developed for the analysis of repeated measures designs when the dimension, d, can be large compared to the sample size, n (d > n). The statistics do not depend on any specific structure of the covariance matrix and can be used in a variety of situations: they are valid for testing any general linear hypothesis, are equally applicable to the design set up of profile analysis and to the usual multivariate structure, are invariant to an orthogonal linear transformation, and are also valid when the data are not high dimensional.The test statistics, a modification of the ANOVA-type statistic (Brunner, 2001), are based on Box s approximation (Box, 1954a), and follow a Â2 f -distribution. The estimators, the building blocks of the test statistics, are composed of quadratic and symmetric bilinear forms, and are proved to be unbiased, L2-consistent and uniformly bounded in dimension, d. This last property of estimators helps us in the asymptotic derivations in that we need not let both n and d approach infinity. We let n 1, while keep d fixed, such that the approximation of the distribution of the test statistic to the Â2 distribution remains accurate when d > n, or even d >> n.The performance of the statistics is evaluated through simulations and it is shown that, for n as small as 10 or 20, the approximation is quite accurate, whatever be d. The statistic is also applied to a number of real data sets for numerical illustrations.
Instability of the flow between rotating cylinders: the wide-gap problem

An analytical investigation is carried out to determine the conditions for instability in a viscous fluid contained between rotating coaxial cylinders of arbitrary radius ratio. A solution method is outlined and then applied to cylinders having radius ratios ranging from 0·95 to 0·1. Consideration is given to both cases wherein the cylinders are rotating in the same direction and in opposite directions. Results are reported for the Taylor numbers and wave-numbers which mark the onset of instability. The present results are also employed to delineate the range of applicability of the closed-form instability predictions of Taylor and of Meksyn, which were derived for narrow-gap conditions.
Derivation and experimental evaluation of a point-spread-function reconstruction from a dual-deformable-mirror adaptive optics system

This paper presents the derivation, implementation, and testing of an improved point spread function (PSF) reconstruction technique for the University of Victoria's dual-deformable-mirror (DM) woofer-tweeter (W/T) adaptive optics (AO) system. The methodology has been tested on numerical models and implemented on an experimental dual-DM AO system. The methodology is based on the data saved by the AO system during the science exposure. These data are later used in the postprocessing stage to reconstruct the PSF. Although the results are unique to the present W/T AO bench, the proposed PSF reconstruction methodology will be applicable to other dual-DM systems and to multi-DM AO systems.
SPECTRAL ANALYSES OF NON-LINEAR INTERACTIONS

Abstract Signals pertaining to motions of a non-linear oscillator and a set of quadratically coupled oscillators are studied using higher-order spectral analyses. The analyses are used to understand the role of phase coupling in non-linear interactions between two or more Fourier components. For certain motions of weakly non-linear systems, analytical approximations are obtained for the relevant higher-order spectra and coherence functions. The analytical approximations are useful in understanding the dependence of bispectra on the non-linearities. Numerical studies are conducted to verify analytical predictions and to illustrate the usefulness of spectral analyses for different cases.