Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The career experiences of Asian women teachers : a life-history approach

This thesis explores the career perceptions and experiences of 20 experienced Asian women teachers who had commenced their careers in the last 25 years. By focusing on the accounts / stories of those Asian women teachers, I have attempted to answer the question: What is it like to be a black teacher in British schools? The stories were collected through a series of life-history interviews. Early research on the educational experience of black people in Britain focused more or less exclusively on schooling and 'black underachievement'. All tended to locate the problem and its solutions, within black children, their families and cultures, hence isolating 'race' issues from those of gender and social class. The research also have tended to continue to focus on pupils in schools and on those who are seen to have failed within the system. Instead, this study examines the experiences of Asian women teachers who had largely succeeded in their education. Despite the fact that my interviewees did not comprise a homogeneous group, there was uniformity regarding their perceptions of their career experiences and the way they related to their social environment. The Asian women teachers in this study encountered barriers at all stages in their careers and faced racism, albeit in different forms and guises. These teachers were perceived by white colleagues, parents and pupils as being the inferior 'Other'. In addition, apart from the overt, wounding type of racism, they were subjected to institutionalized racism, which denied them their dignity and made professional advancement very difficult. Many of these teachers often had to find alternative routes to promotion, in multicultural areas of teaching and not in mainstream section. They, sometimes, had to survive in hostile environments. But they all succeeded despite the system, rather than because of it. Success was often made at considerable personal cost, and with great determination and commitment. The study concludes that the experiences of these teachers were racially affected. A number of generalised patterns regarding their career developments and on the articulations of racism in their working lives emerge from these biographies and are discussed in this thesis. However, despite the existence of structural racism in society, the Asian teachers in this study found different ways of managing and responding to it.
Let Live and Let Die — Handling the State of Hash-based Signatures

Real-world use of digital signatures currently relies on algo­ rithms that will be broken once quantum computers become available. Quantum-safe alternatives exist; in particular, hash-based schemes offer adequate performance and security and are seen as a fitting solution for post-quantum signatures. Unfortunately, they are not used at large because practical hurdles have not yet been overcome. In particular, their reliance on one-time signing keys makes it necessary to carefully keep track of a key index. We present strategies for handling the state of hashbased signatures for different use cases, ranging from infrequent software update authentication to high-frequency TLS connection initialization.
Extinction risk and conservation of the world’s sharks and rays

The rapid expansion of human activities threatens ocean-wide biodiversity. Numerous marine animal populations have declined, yet it remains unclear whether these trends are symptomatic of a chronic accumulation of global marine extinction risk. We present the first systematic analysis of threat for a globally distributed lineage of 1,041 chondrichthyan fishes—sharks, rays, and chimaeras. We estimate that one-quarter are threatened according to IUCN Red List criteria due to overfishing (targeted and incidental). Large-bodied, shallow-water species are at greatest risk and five out of the seven most threatened families are rays. Overall chondrichthyan extinction risk is substantially higher than for most other vertebrates, and only one-third of species are considered safe. Population depletion has occurred throughout the world’s ice-free waters, but is particularly prevalent in the Indo-Pacific Biodiversity Triangle and Mediterranean Sea. Improved management of fisheries and trade is urgently needed to avoid extinctions and promote population recovery. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.00590. 001
Study of correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and some prognostic factors in papillary carcinoma of thyroid gland

Background and Objective: Thyroid cancer is the most frequent endocrine malignancy in the world and papillary carcinoma is the most frequent thyroid carcinoma. Different markers used for determination of prognosis and VEGFR is one of them. The aim of present study was to determine the expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR) as a prognostic marker in papillary carcinoma. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 92 tissue blocks of papillary carcinoma during the period of 2009-2011 in Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Two tissue sections were prepared. One of them stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and the other by immunohistochemistry to determine VEGFR expression. Also tumor size and lymph node status was determined. The data analyzed and the p-value of ≤o.o5 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of patients was 39.32± 16.93 years. 40.2% of tumors showed VEGFR expression. 23.9% of patients had lymph node involvement. The average tumor size was 3.6 ± 2.2 cm. No meaningful relationship was observed between VEGFR expression and sex and age of patients and the size of tumor. However, there was a direct significant relationship between the absence of VEGFR expression and uninvolvement of lymph nodes. Conclusion: It seems that reduction in VEGFR expression in papillary carcinoma resulting in reduced numbers of involved lymph node and better prognosis. More complete studies in this field with patient follow up is recommended.
Strategy Implementation: The Impact of Demographic Characteristics on the Level of Support Received by Middle Managers

■ Middle managers of contemporary organizations play an important role in ensuring successful strategy implementation, which requires top managers to provide adequate support to them. One of the key factors determining the level of support is the demographic characteristics of middle managers. ■ This article examines the impact of a middle manager's demographic characteristics on the level of support received during strategy implementation. Factors needed for successful strategy implementation are used to measure the level of support received by middle managers in the marketing department of selected UK private companies.
Probing the H i Kinematics of the Large Magellenic Cloud: Toward Interpreting Quasar Absorption‐Line Observations of Protogalactic Velocity Fields

We examine the gas kinematics of the Large Magellenic Cloud (LMC) revealed by the high spatial and velocity resolution H i data cube of the combined Australia Telescope Compact Array and Parkes telescope surveys. We adopt an approach designed to facilitate comparisons with quasar absorption‐line observations, in particular restricting our analysis to pointings with H i column density satisfying the damped Lyα (DLA) criterion. We measure velocity widths for ≈5000 random pointings to the LMC and find a median value of ≈40 km s−1, which modestly exceeds the value predicted by differential rotation. This median is significantly lower than the median value observed for the metal‐line profiles of high‐z DLAs. Therefore, assuming that the metal‐line profiles track H i kinematics, the velocity fields of high‐z DLAs are inconsistent with the kinematics of low‐mass galaxies such as the LMC. We also investigate the kinematic characteristics of the giant H i shells that permeate the LMC. These shells impart an additional 10–20 km s−1 to the velocity widths in ≈20% of random pointings to the LMC. These nongravitational motions are insufficient to explain the DLA kinematics even if the shells had significantly larger covering fraction in the early universe. To account for the DLAs with processes related to supernova feedback requires winds with a qualitatively different nature than those observed in the LMC.
Parameter Selection In Particle Swarm Optimization For Transportation Network Design Problem

In transportation planning and development, transport network design problem seeks to optimize specific objectives (e.g. total travel time) through choosing among a given set of projects while keeping consumption of resources (e.g. budget) within their limits. Due to the numerous cases of choosing projects, solving such a problem is very difficult and time-consuming. Based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique, a heuristic solution algorithm for the bi-level problem is designed. This paper evaluates the algorithm performance in the response of changing certain basic PSO parameters.
Citizenship Rights for Immigrants: National Political Processes and Cross-National Convergence in Western Europe, 1980–20081

Immigrant citizenship rights in the nation-state reference both theories of cross-national convergence and the resilience of national political processes. This article investigates European countries’ attribution of rights to immigrants: Have these rights become more inclusive and more similar across countries? Are they affected by EU membership, the role of the judiciary, the party in power, the size of the immigrant electorate, or pressure exerted by anti-immigrant parties? Original data on 10 European countries, 1980–2008, reveal no evidence for cross-national convergence. Rights tended to become more inclusive until 2002, but stagnated afterward. Electoral changes drive these trends: growth of the immigrant electorate led to expansion, but countermobilization by right-wing parties slowed or reversed liberalizations. These electoral mechanisms are in turn shaped by long-standing policy traditions, leading to strong path dependence and the reproduction of preexisting cross-national differences.
COD: Database / Operating System Co-Design

Trends in multicore processors and hardware virtualization pose severe structural challenges to system software in general, and databases in particular. On the one hand, machines are becoming increasingly heterogeneous in terms of, i.e., cache hierarchies, processor interconnect, instruction sets, etc., thereby making it increasingly difficult to develop optimal software for all possible platforms. On the other hand, virtualization forces databases to share resources with other applications without the databases having any knowledge about the run-time conditions. As part of a long-term effort in our group to revisit the entire software stack of the data center, in this paper we explore how to enhance the interaction between databases and OS to allow the database better cope with varying hardware characteristics and runtime conditions. The goals is to integrate the database’s extensive internal knowledge of its own resource requirements ‐including cost models‐ into the system-wide and run-time view of the hardware configuration and application mix available inside the OS.
Low Latency Handover and Roaming Using Security Context Transfer for Heterogeneous Wireless and Cellular Networks

One main objective of this paper is to propose novel mechanisms to support low latency handover at authentication level using network selection, security context management and mobility and handover management in future telecom ecosystem to allow ubiquitous access to the Internet and services to any individual on the move. This access should be possible anytime anywhere while ensuring the right level of security to the end users as well to the networks. The telecom ecosystem will be composed by a set of heterogeneous wireless and cellular networks and user terminal capable to connect and communicate with any of heterogeneous wireless and cellular networks. In this context, the main issues are to resolve the seamless selection and association to a network at initialization, the user movement detection and communication degradation, the seamless discovery and selection of alternative network and finally the seamless handover to the an alternative network to support the user seamless service delivery during mobility. Using GIS information model the mobile terminal location prediction is achieved with the access networks associated to that location, and also using security context management between the mobile terminal and home access network, home access networks with the future visiting networks the objective of security, network selection and mobility is obtained in the proposed mechanisms. The technologies that are under consideration in this work are WLAN, WIMAX and 3G.
Automated design of robust discriminant analysis classifier for foot pressure lesions using kinematic data

In the recent years, the use of motion tracking systems for acquisition of functional biomechanical gait data, has received increasing interest due to the richness and accuracy of the measured kinematic information. However, costs frequently restrict the number of subjects employed, and this makes the dimensionality of the collected data far higher than the available samples. This paper applies discriminant analysis algorithms to the classification of patients with different types of foot lesions, in order to establish an association between foot motion and lesion formation. With primary attention to small sample size situations, we compare different types of Bayesian classifiers and evaluate their performance with various dimensionality reduction techniques for feature extraction, as well as search methods for selection of raw kinematic variables. Finally, we propose a novel integrated method which fine-tunes the classifier parameters and selects the most relevant kinematic variables simultaneously. Performance comparisons are using robust resampling techniques such as Bootstrap 632+ and k-fold cross-validation. Results from experimentations with lesion subjects suffering from pathological plantar hyperkeratosis, show that the proposed method can lead to /spl sim/96% correct classification rates with less than 10% of the original features.
Cam and pincer femoroacetabular impingement: characteristic MR arthrographic findings in 50 patients.

PURPOSE To retrospectively characterize magnetic resonance (MR) arthrographic findings in patients with cam femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and in those with pincer FAI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Institutional review board approval and informed consent were not required. MR arthrographic studies obtained in 50 consecutive patients (30 men, 20 women; mean age, 28.8 years) with FAI were analyzed for labral abnormalities, cartilage lesions, and osseous abnormalities of the acetabular rim. The nonspherical shape of the femoral head at the head-neck junction was measured in eight positions around the femoral head and neck and used to calculate the alpha angle. Acetabular depth was measured. Surgical diagnosis served as the reference standard. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS At surgery, hips in 33 patients were classified as having cam FAI and hips in 17 patients were classified as having pincer FAI. In both groups, the mean age of patients was 28.8 years. There were significantly more men (n = 27) with cam FAI and more women (n = 14) with pincer FAI. The alpha angle was significantly larger in patients with cam FAI at the anterior and anterosuperior positions. The acetabulum was significantly deeper in patients with pincer FAI than in patients with cam FAI. Cartilage lesions at the anterosuperior and superior positions were significantly larger in patients with cam FAI than in patients with pincer FAI. Cartilage lesions at the posteroinferior position were significantly larger and labral lesions at the posterior and posteroinferior positions were more pronounced in patients with pincer FAI than in patients with cam FAI. Osseous abnormalities were not significantly different between the groups. Osseous bump formation at the femoral neck was significantly more common in patients with cam FAI than in patients with pincer FAI. CONCLUSION Characteristic MR arthrographic findings of cam FAI include large alpha angles and cartilage lesions at the anterosuperior position and osseous bump formation at the femoral neck; characteristic findings of pincer FAI include a deep acetabulum and posteroinferior cartilage lesions.
Fuel for Economic Growth?

We set up an endogenous growth model in which the efficiency of both capital and fossil energy can be improved, whereas the efficiency of one alternative energy source is limited. With capital and energy as complements, there exist two steady states: one stagnant where energy is fully derived from the alternative energy source, and one with balanced growth where energy is fully sourced from fossil fuel. Heterogeneity in initial TFP levels can generate the Great Divergence. The demand for fossil fuel in technologically advanced countries drives up its price and makes fossil fuel too costly in less advanced countries that choose the alternative and stagnant energy input.
AVID : A Reliable Substrate for Speculation and Limited Execution ∗

With the advent of DIVA style correctness checking [1], processor architecture becomes much less constricted, to the point that even an entirely nonfunctional processor with a DIVA checker will produce correct results. Without the need for absolute correctness, processor designs that work “most of the time” are still acceptable. In this paper, we examine input dependent architecture variance (AVID), a design that uses communication with a DIVA checker to change processor functionality to best fit the needs of the current process. By throttling the functionality of different units to be the minimum necessary, we can avoid losing cycles and reduce total power usage. We explore AVID in relation to three areas of processor functionality: branch prediction, memory disambiguation, and multiplication and division computation. The applicability of AVID is not restricted to these areas, but we use these as a proof of concept. We begin by explaining the operation of the AVID architecture. We then evaluate the performance gains and power savings realized by implementing the AVID architecture and testing it on several benchmarks. In order to evaluate power savings, we introduce a simplified power model, and explain how we derived our power values. We concluded that appreciable savings in power usage can be achieved by using AVID on the branch predictors, and that us∗It must be noted that this is the first formal paper by either of the authors, and as such it’s layout borrows heavily from other papers, specifically the original DIVA paper [1] by Todd Austin. 1For acronym’s sake we can refer to the design as Architecture Variance, Input Dependent. AVID sounds better than IDAV, and it’s DIVA backwards, which seemed appropriate. ing AVID to throttle the multiplication and division units can lower the CPI. We concluded that AVID is a viable architecture that has the ability to save time and power, and the potential to be applied to several aspects of computer architecture.
Investment and Ultimatum Games: Experiments

This paper examines the ultimatum game preceded by a single player's investment decision that is risky in that the business opportunity could fail to be discovered. The experiment's results show that the functioning of social preference connecting the baseline ultimatum game with the investment crucially depends on the model's specifications, such as whether the proposer or the responder is the investor or the riskiness of the investment. The noninvestor/proposer tends to act in consideration of the efficiency of the investment, but not its riskiness. Such tendencies of the noninvestor's/proposer's social preferences are diametrically opposite to that of the investor/proposer.
INTEGRAL SPI All-Sky View in Soft Gamma Rays: A Study of Point-Source and Galactic Diffuse Emission

We have processed the data accumulated with the INTEGRAL SPI instrument over 4 years (~51 Ms) to study the morphology of the Galactic “diffuse” emission in the 20 keV to 8 MeV energy range. To achieve this, we simultaneously derived an all-sky census of emitting sources and images of the Galactic ridge (GR) emission. In the central radian, the resolved point-source emission amounts to 88%, 91%, and 68% of the total in the 25-50, 50-100, and 100-300 keV domains, respectively. We compare the spatial distribution of the GR emission with the distributions obtained from CO and near-IR maps and quantify our results through latitude and longitude profiles. Below 50 keV, the SPI data are better traced by the latter, supporting a stellar origin for this emission. Furthermore, we find that the GR emission spectrum follows a power law with a photon index ~1.55 above 50 keV, while an additional component is required below that energy. This component shows a cutoff around 30 keV, reinforcing a stellar origin, as proposed by Krivonos et al. The component of the diffuse emission due to e± annihilations is extracted simultaneously, leading to the determination of the related parameters (positronium flux and fraction). Specific discussion is devoted to the annihilation-line distribution, since significant emission is detected over a region as large as ~80° × ~10°, potentially associated with the disk or halo surrounding the central regions of our Galaxy.
Large vector extensions inside the HMC

One of the main challenges for embedded systems is the transfer of data between memory and processor. In this context, Hybrid Memory Cubes (HMCs) can provide substantial energy and bandwidth improvements compared to traditional memory organizations, while also allowing the execution of simple atomic instructions in the memory. However, the complex memory hierarchy still remains a bottleneck, especially for applications with a low reuse of data, limiting the usable parallelism of the HMC vaults and banks. In this paper, we introduce the HIVE architecture, which allows performing common vector operations directly inside the HMC, avoiding contention on the interconnections as well as cache pollution. Our mechanism achieves substantial speedups of up to 17.3× (9.4× on average) compared to a baseline system that performs vector operations in a 8-core processor. We show that the simple instructions provided by HMC actually hurt performance for streaming applications.
Estimating the Impact of Interrupt Coalescing Delays on Steady State TCP Throughput

A mobile, offshore, jack-up, marine platform, adjustable for sloping sea floor having a mat, a multilegged column pivotally connected thereto and a work platform slidably mounted on the column. Means are included for independently vertically adjusting at least one leg and for selectively cantilevering a drilling unit on the work platform, with offset ballasting of the work platform.
Global EE optimization of massive MIMO systems

In this paper, we propose a power control algorithm for uplink and downlink multi-cell massive MIMO systems, where channel estimation error, pilot contamination and correlated channels are taken into account. Moreover, a closed-form power control algorithm under the assumption of equal power allocation for multiple users is provided. The simulation results show that equal power allocation is near optimal to maximize global EE for the system with zero-forcing detection/precoding, and is near optimal for the system with large number of antennas and MRC/MRT.
The Evolution of the Theory of Monetary Integration

This paper is to be presented at the Symposium The Economics of Regional Monetary Integration, organized by the Fraser Institute an the Kiel Institute of the World Economy, to be held at the Kiel Institute, September 24-26, 2006. The paper draws heavily on the analysis found in my study: “The Economics of Monetary Unions: Traditional and New”, Chapter 4 in Regional Economic Integration, a book in the series Research in Global Strategic Management, Vol. 12, Michele Fratianni, Editor, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2006, 55-78