Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive functioning in psychosocial subtypes of children with learning disabilities and comorbid psychiatric diagnoses.

The present study examined the relationship between psychosocial and cognitive functioning in a sample of 103 children ages 5 to 16 (74 males, 29 females) with known or suspected learning disorders and psychiatric disturbances. A cluster analysis of participants’ Personality Inventory for Children, Second Edition (Lachar & Gruber, 2001) adjustment scale scores revealed three psychosocial subtypes. Interand intra-subtype cognitive functioning patterns were identified through examination of participants’ Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Third Edition (Wechsler, 1991) Verbal IQPerformance IQ (VIQ-PIQ) discrepancy and index scores. Most notably, children categorized as psychosocially well-adjusted achieved higher scores than their psychosocially-impaired counterparts on the Processing Speed Index. Also, children categorized as suffering from internalized psychopathology demonstrated statistically non-significant VIQ>PIQ discrepancies and Verbal Comprehension Index score elevations. Overall, findings suggest the existence of a complex and multi-dimensional relationship between psychosocial and cognitive functioning in children with learning disabilities. R eproduced with perm ission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without perm ission. Psychosocial Subtypes of LD iv Acknowledgements I would like to take this opportunity to recognize a number of people who were instrumental in the completion of this project. First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor, Dr. Sylvia Voelker, for all of her guidance and support. I have benefited not only from her many insights, but also from her encouragement to think critically and to focus on the “big picture”. I would also like to thank the other two members of my committee, Dr. Cory Saunders and Dr. Larry Morton, for their valuable contributions. In addition, I am grateful to Dr. Cory Saunders and the Windsor Regional Children’s Centre for providing me with the raw data for this project. Finally, I wish to thank Dr. David Lachar and Dr. Dennis Jackson for taking the time to respond to my many questions. On a personal note, I would like to thank my family for providing me with the support and encouragement I needed to complete this project. Moreover, I am eternally grateful to my parents for the many sacrifices they have made over the years to help me get to where I am today. Last but not least, I am deeply indebted to Yolanda Yuen for her unwavering companionship throughout the duration of this project. R eproduced with perm ission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without perm ission. Psychosocial Subtypes of LD v Table of
Analysis of the Trajectory of Drosophila melanogaster in a Circular Open Field Arena

Background Obtaining a complete phenotypic characterization of a freely moving organism is a difficult task, yet such a description is desired in many neuroethological studies. Many metrics currently used in the literature to describe locomotor and exploratory behavior are typically based on average quantities or subjectively chosen spatial and temporal thresholds. All of these measures are relatively coarse-grained in the time domain. It is advantageous, however, to employ metrics based on the entire trajectory that an organism takes while exploring its environment. Methodology/Principal Findings To characterize the locomotor behavior of Drosophila melanogaster, we used a video tracking system to record the trajectory of a single fly walking in a circular open field arena. The fly was tracked for two hours. Here, we present techniques with which to analyze the motion of the fly in this paradigm, and we discuss the methods of calculation. The measures we introduce are based on spatial and temporal probability distributions and utilize the entire time-series trajectory of the fly, thus emphasizing the dynamic nature of locomotor behavior. Marginal and joint probability distributions of speed, position, segment duration, path curvature, and reorientation angle are examined and related to the observed behavior. Conclusions/Significance The measures discussed in this paper provide a detailed profile of the behavior of a single fly and highlight the interaction of the fly with the environment. Such measures may serve as useful tools in any behavioral study in which the movement of a fly is an important variable and can be incorporated easily into many setups, facilitating high-throughput phenotypic characterization.
A SURVEY OF CHAOTIC SECURE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Secure communication using synchronization between chaotic systems(chaotic secure communication, for short) is a new concept of secure communication. The great potentials of this kind of “hardware key” secure communication systems had driven the progress of this field rapidly. Since 1992, chaotic secure communication had evolved four generations. In this paper, a detailed history of chaotic secure communication systems is given. The disadvantage of the first three generations of chaotic secure communication schemes is low efficiency of channel usage. To overcome this disadvantage, a chaotic communication scheme, which belongs to the fourth generation, using impulsive synchronization of chaotic systems is presented. In this paper, impulsive synchronization of two chaotic systems is reformulated as impulsive stabilization of a synchronization error system to the origin. Based on the theory of impulsive differential equations, we present theoretical results on the asymptotic synchronization of two chaotic systems by using synchronization impulses. An estimate of the upper bound of impulse interval is given for the purpose of asymptotic synchronization. The robustness of impulsive synchronization to additive channel noise and parameter mismatch is also studied. We conclude that impulsive synchronization is more robust than continuous synchronization. Combining both conventional cryptographic method and impulsive synchronization of chaotic systems, we propose a new chaotic secure communication scheme. We use this new chaotic secure communication scheme to transmit a speech signal. Computer simulation results based on Chua’s oscillators are given. c ©2003 Yang’s Scientific Research Institute, LLC. All rights reserved. Received by the editors April 20, 2002 / final version received April 22, 2003.
Multiple access channel with various degrees of asymmetric state information

We consider the problem of reliable communication over multiple-access channels (MAC) where the channel is driven by an independent and identically distributed state process and the encoders and the decoder are provided with various degrees of asymmetric (noisy or partial) channel state information (CSI). Namely, we provide a single letter characterization for the capacity region when the encoders have access to non-causal asymmetric partial CSI and the decoder has complete CSI. When the encoders observe asymmetric noisy CSI with asymmetric delays and the decoder observes complete CSI, we provide a single letter characterization for the capacity region. Finally, we consider a cooperative scenario with common and private messages, with noisy CSIT and complete CSIR and provide a single letter expression for the capacity region. For the cooperative scenario, we also note that as soon as the common message encoder does not have access to CSI, then for any noisy CSIT and CSIR setup it is possible to obtain a single letter characterization for the capacity region.
On hydrodynamic shear turbulence in Keplerian disks: Via transient growth to bypass transition

This paper deals with the problem of hydrodynamic shear turbulence in non-magnetized Keplerian disks. Several papers have appeared recently on the subject, on possible linear instabilities which may be due to the presence of a stable stratification, or caused by deviations from cylindrical rotation. Here we wish to draw attention to another route to hydrodynamic turbulence, which seems to be little known by the astrophysical community, but which has been intensively discussed among fluid dynamicists during the past decade. In this so-called bypass concept for the onset of turbulence, perturbations undergo transient growth and if they have initially a finite amplitude they may reach an amplitude that is suciently large to allow positive feedback through nonlinear interactions. This transient growth is linear in nature, and thus it diers in principle from the well-known nonlinear instability. We describe the type of perturbations that according to this process are the most likely to lead to turbulence, namely non-axisymmetric vortex mode perturbations in the two dimensional limit. We show that the apparently inhibiting action of the Coriolis force on the dynamics of such vortical perturbations is substantially diminished due to the pressure perturbations, contrary to current opinion. We stress the similarity of the turbulent processes in Keplerian disks and in Cartesian flows and conclude that the prevalent skepticism of the astrophysical community about the occurrence of hydrodynamic shear turbulence in such disks is not founded.
Previtellogenic Oocyte Growth in Salmon: Relationships among Body Growth, Plasma Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1, Estradiol-17beta, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Expression of Ovarian Genes for Insulin-Like Growth Factors, Steroidogenic-Acute Regulatory Protein and Receptors for Gonadotropins, Growt

Abstract Body growth during critical periods is known to be an important factor in determining the age of maturity and fecundity in fish. However, the endocrine mechanisms controlling oogenesis in fish and the effects of growth on this process are poorly understood. In this study interactions between the growth and reproductive systems were examined by monitoring changes in various components of the FSH-ovary axis, plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1), and ovarian gene expression in relation to body and previtellogenic oocyte growth in coho salmon. Samples were collected from females during two hypothesized critical periods when growth influences maturation in this species. Body growth during the fall-spring months was strongly related to the degree of oocyte development, with larger fish possessing more advanced oocytes than smaller, slower growing fish. The accumulation of cortical alveoli in the oocytes was associated with increases in plasma and pituitary FSH, plasma estradiol-17beta, and ovarian steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star) gene expression, whereas ovarian transcripts for growth hormone receptor and somatolactin receptor decreased. As oocytes accumulated lipid droplets, a general increase occurred in plasma Igf1 and components of the FSH-ovary axis, including plasma FSH, estradiol-17beta, and ovarian mRNAs for gonadotropin receptors, star, igf1, and igf2. A consistent positive relationship between plasma Igf1, estradiol-17beta, and pituitary FSH during growth in the spring suggests that these factors are important links in the mechanism by which body growth influences the rate of oocyte development.
Inferring Resource Specifications from Natural Language API Documentation

Typically, software libraries provide API documentation, through which developers can learn how to use libraries correctly. However, developers may still write code inconsistent with API documentation and thus introduce bugs, as existing research shows that many developers are reluctant to carefully read API documentation. To find those bugs, researchers have proposed various detection approaches based on known specifications. To mine specifications, many approaches have been proposed, and most of them rely on existing client code. Consequently, these mining approaches would fail to mine specifications when client code is not available. In this paper, we propose an approach, called Doc2Spec, that infers resource specifications from API documentation. For our approach, we implemented a tool and conducted an evaluation on Javadocs of five libraries. The results show that our approach infers various specifications with relatively high precisions, recalls, and F-scores. We further evaluated the usefulness of inferred specifications through detecting bugs in open source projects. The results show that specifications inferred by Doc2Spec are useful to detect real bugs in existing projects.
Calling 911 in Response to Stroke: A Nationwide Study Assessing Definitive Individual Behavior

Background and Purpose— Stroke treatment is time-dependent, yet no study has systematically examined response to individual stroke symptoms in the general population. This nationwide study identifies which specific factors prompt correct response (calling 911) to stroke. Methods— Between November and December of 2005, a survey using a 3-stage random-sampling method including area, household, and household member sampling was conducted throughout the Czech Republic. Participants >40 years old were personally interviewed via a structured and standardized questionnaire concerning general knowledge and correct response to stroke as assessed by the Stroke Action Test (STAT). Predictors of scoring >50% on STAT were identified by multiple regression. Results— A total of 650 households were contacted, yielding 592 interviews (response rate 91%). Mean age was 58±12, 55% women. Sixty-nine percent thought stroke was serious condition, and 57% thought it could be treated. Also 54% correctly named ≥2 risk factors, and 46% named ≥2 warning signs. Eighteen percent of respondents scored >50% on STAT. The predictors of such a score were age (for each 10-year increment, OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.7), secondary school education (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.6), knowing that stroke is a serious disease (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.1), and knowing that stroke is treatable (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.2). Conclusions— Knowledge about stroke in the Czech Republic was fair, yet response to warning signs was poor. Our study is the first to identify that calling 911 was influenced by knowledge that stroke is a serious and treatable disease and not by recognition of symptoms.
A Logic of Believable Agents

Thereinto, the KARO logic (put forward by J. J.Ch. Meyer) and LORA logic (put forward by M.Woolridge) In this paper we describe our so-called LOBA logic (a both have studied most aspects of the formalization of Logic ofBelievable Agents). LOBA has expanded the work intelligent agent systems and given out a lot of interesting of KARO [1][2][3][4][18] and LORA logic[5][6][7][8] results. On the basis of KARO and LARO, we try to and interpreted cognitive actions which only occur in construct our Logic of Believable Agents (LOBA) where agents' brains by a three-layer model. By introducing believable agents are different from ordinary intelligent cognitive actions, we can describe the relations among a agents which focus on acquiring the powerful ability to agent cognitive components includingperception, belief, solve problems of special domains but emphasize the emotion, desire, goal, intention, and commitment. simulation of both general human psychological processes Specially, in LOBA, we deal with emotions as a kind of and individual psychological traits. As we all know, modal operators. human cognition processes is extremely complicated and there has not been a unanimous model in the psychology
Generalized friendship paradox in networks with tunable degree-attribute correlation

One of the interesting phenomena due to topological heterogeneities in complex networks is the friendship paradox: Your friends have on average more friends than you do. Recently, this paradox has been generalized for arbitrary node attributes, called the generalized friendship paradox (GFP). The origin of GFP at the network level has been shown to be rooted in positive correlations between degrees and attributes. However, how the GFP holds for individual nodes needs to be understood in more detail. For this, we first analyze a solvable model to characterize the paradox holding probability of nodes for the uncorrelated case. Then we numerically study the correlated model of networks with tunable degree-degree and degree-attribute correlations. In contrast to the network level, we find at the individual level that the relevance of degree-attribute correlation to the paradox holding probability may depend on whether the network is assortative or dissortative. These findings help us to understand the interplay between topological structure and node attributes in complex networks.
SOI CMOS Technology with 360GHz fT NFET, 260GHz fT PFET, and Record Circuit Performance for Millimeter-Wave Digital and Analog System-on-Chip Applications

We present record-performance RF devices and circuits for an SOI CMOS technology, at 35 nm Lpoly. Critical RF/analog figure of merits in FET such as current gain cut-off frequency (fT), 1/f noise, and high-frequency noise figure at various bias and temperature conditions are measured and modeled to enable high-performance circuit design. Measurement results show peak fT's of 340 GHz and 240 GHz for 35 nm Lpoly NFET and PFET, respectively. At sub-35 nm Lpoly, 360 GHz fT NFET and 260 GHz fT PFET are demonstrated. High-Q, high-density vertical native capacitors (VNCAPs) and on-chip inductors are integrated. RF-operable ring oscillator (RFRO) demonstrates a 3.58 psec delay and a SSB phase noise of -107 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. LC-tank VCO operates at 70 GHz with 9.5% tuning range. The maximum operating frequency of a static CML divider is 93 GHz while dissipating 52.4 mW.
Keynes vs. Prescott and Solow: Identifying Sources of Business Cycle Fluctuations

Who was closer to the source of business cycle fluctuations--Keynes or Prescott and Solow? Two types of business-cycle impulses which have been associated with their names -- marginal efficiency of investment shocks (Keynes) and technology shocks (Prescott and Solow) -- are studied here in a neoclassical model which builds on the Greenwood, Hercowitz, and Huffman (1988) variable-utilization framework. The important parameters of the model are estimated using a Bayesian procedure which accommodates prior uncertainty about their magnitudes; from these estimates, posterior distributions of the two shocks are obtained. The postwar U.S. experience suggests that both shocks are important in understanding fluctuations, but that investment shocks are primarily responsible for beginning and ending recessions. * The University of Pittsburgh ** The University of Iowa
Cardiac dysfunction in pauci symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus patients: a meta-analysis in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era.

AIMS Human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) has been associated with cardiac dysfunction that, if present, can negatively affect morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected patients. Unfortunately, many of the studies on this topic were performed before the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was established. Thus, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to critically appraise the incidence of cardiac dysfunction in HIV-infected pauci symptomatic patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Medline, Cochrane Library, and Biomed Central were systematically screened for studies reporting on systolic and/or diastolic dysfunctions in HIV pauci-symptomatic patients. Baseline treatment and cardiac imaging data were appraised and pooled with random effect methods computing summary. At pooled analysis, including a total of 2242 patients from 11 studies, an overall average incidence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors was observed, while a low rate of previous coronary artery disease was reported. Incidence of systolic and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction was 8.33% (95% CI: 2.20-14.25) and 43.38% (95% CI: 31.73-55.03), respectively. Diastolic dysfunction was graded as first [31.85% (95% CI: 24.85-43.73)], second [8.53% (95% CI: 2.12-14.93)], and third degree [3.02% (95% CI: 1.78-4.27)]. At multivariate analysis, a high sensitivity C-reactive protein level >5 mg/L, active tobacco smoking and previous history of myocardial infarction were predictors of left ventricular systolic dysfunction [odd ratio 1.70 (95% CI: 1.03-2.77); 1.57 (95% CI: 1.03-2.34); and 15.90 (95% CI: 1.94-329.00), respectively]. Hypertension (OR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.20-4.50) and older age (OR = 2.50 per 10 years increase; 95% CI: 1.70-3.60) were predictors of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (Figure 3). CONCLUSIONS Systolic and diastolic dysfunction represent a common finding in pauci symptomatic HIV-infected patients, regardless to HAART.
Handwritten Street Name Recognition for Indian Postal Automation

Although for postal automation there are many pieces of work towards street name recognition on non-Indian languages, to the best of our knowledge there is no work on street name recognition on Indian languages. In this paper we proposed a scheme for recognition of Indian street name written in Bangla script. Because of the writing style of different individuals some of the characters in a street name may touch with its neighboring characters. Accurate segmentation of such touching into individual characters is a difficult task. To avoid such segmentation, here we consider a street name string as word and the street name recognition problem is treated as lexicon driven word recognition. Some of the street names may contain two or more words and we have concatenated these words to have a single word. In the proposed method, at first, street names are binarized and pre-segmented into possible primitive components (individual characters or its parts) analyzing their cavity portions. Pre-segmented components of a street name are then merged into possible characters to get the best street name. Dynamic programming (DP) is applied for the merging using total likelihood of characters as the objective function. To compute the likelihood of a character, modified quadratic discriminant function (MQDF) is used. Our proposed system shows 99.03% reliability with 18.80% rejection, and 0.79% error rates when tested on 4450 handwritten Bangla street name samples.
MediaDART: A Decentralized Framework for Sharing Multimedia Content

This paper provides an overview of MediaDART, a framework for building online services for distributing and sharing digital media. Inspired by the participative model of Web 2.0, MediaDART relies on a scalable and decentralized architecture that can grow with the contribution of users. The architecture is based on an arbitrary number of nodes interconnected through a p2p network implementing a distributed hash table (DHT). The DHT provides resource storage and parallel resource processing for operations of feature extraction, adaptation and composition. MediaDART adopts application-level multicast based on distribution trees for delivery in streaming and implements algorithms to dynamically replicate resources across the network. The framework allows content description through user-defined tags. Tools for personalized content retrieval based on recommendation algorithms and user profiling are included too. This paper also describes two prototype applications and outlines further work.