Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Congenital anomalies: 15 years of experience in a level III hospital

Background: Congenital anomalies (CAs) are a leading cause of fetal and infant mortality and morbidity worldwide. They may be identified prenatally, at the moment of birth or later in life. Purpose: To describe the cases of CAs registered over the last 15 years at a level III hospital, comparing individuals who were detected through prenatal (preN) diagnosis with those detected through postnatal (postN) diagnosis. Methods: All records were collected from the Registo Nacional de Anomalias Congenitas (RENAC) online platform between 1 st January 2000 to 31 st December 2014, in a level III hospital, where cases of CAs were notified voluntarily (n = 1,222). We tested differences for selected variables between the years in study. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify potential factors associated to preN diagnosis. Results: We observed a total of 1,510 anomalies, being 493 (40.3%) circulatory, 252 (20.6%) chromosomal, 187 (15.3%) musculoskeletal, 138 (11.3%) digestive, 133 (10.9%) urinary, 117 (9.6%) nervous, 37 (3.0%) respiratory, 35 (2.9%) genital, 25 (2%) anomalies of the eye, ear, face and neck, 20 (1.6%) cleft lip/cleft palate and 73 (6.0%) others. Time of diagnosis was known for all subjects: 770 (63.0%) were diagnosed prenatally and 452 (37.0%) were diagnosed at birth or during the first month of life. We found statistically significant differences between groups for several variables. Assisted reproduction techniques (p = 0.023), maternal medications during the first trimester of pregnancy (p = 0.004) and the number of anomalies per individual (p ≤ 0.001) had a statistically significant impact on receiving preN diagnosis. Conclusion: Our data confirm the importance of both RENAC national database and preN diagnosis in improving perinatal healthcare. However, in order to determine the national prevalence of CAs and understand any involved factors, it is desirable to enhance the notification in the whole country, facilitating the adjustment of national protocols to achieve a better perinatal counseling and surveillance.
Objective Bayesian Statistics Typeset Using Revt E X

Bayesian inference — although becoming popular in physics and chemistry — is hampered up to now by the vagueness of its notion of prior probability. Some of its supporters argue that this vagueness is the unavoidable consequence of the subjectivity of judgements — even scientific ones. We argue that priors can be defined uniquely if the statistical model at hand posses a symmetry and if the ensuing confidence intervals are subjected to a fre-quentist criterion. Moreover, it is shown via an example taken from recent experimental nuclear physics, that this procedure can be extended to models with broken symmetry.
New atmospheric correction technique to retrieve the ocean colour from SeaWiFS imagery in complex coastal waters

There exists a large demand for an accurate atmospheric correction of satellite ocean colour data over highly turbid coastal waters, where the standard atmospheric correction (SAC) algorithms designed for open ocean water turn out to be unsuccessful because of eventual interference of elevated radiance from suspended materials and perhaps the shallow bottom with the corrections based on the two near-infrared bands at 765 and 865 nm in which the water-leaving radiances are discarded (or modelled) in order to estimate aerosol radiative properties and extrapolate these into the visible spectrum in the atmospheric correction of the imagery. Furthermore, in the presence of strongly absorbing aerosols (e.g. Asian dust and Sahara dust) the SAC algorithms often underestimate water-leaving radiance values in the violet and blue spectrum or completely fail to deliver the desired biogeochemical products for coastal regions. To make the satellite ocean colour data offer unrivaled utility in monitoring and quantifying the components of ecologically important coastal waters, this study presents a more realistic and cost-effective image-based atmospheric correction method to accurately retrieve water-leaving radiances and chlorophyll concentrations from SeaWiFS imagery in the presence of strongly absorbing aerosols over highly turbid Northwest Pacific coastal waters. This method is a modified version of the spectral shape matching method (SSMM) previously developed by Ahn and Shanmugam (2004 Korean J. Remote Sens. 20 289–305), re-treating the assumption of spatial homogeneity of the atmosphere using simple models for assessing the contributions of aerosol and molecular scattering. Because of the difficulties in making atmospheric measurements concurrently with each overpass of SeaWiFS the atmospheric diffuse transmittance values are dependent on a standard method with the SAC scheme designed for processing SeaWiFS ocean colour data. The new method is extensively tested under the presence of various atmospheric conditions using SeaWiFS imagery and the results are compared with in situ (ship-borne) measurements in highly turbid coastal waters of the Korean Southwest Sea (KSWS). Such comparison demonstrates the efficiency of SSMM in terms of removing the effects of strongly absorbing aerosols (Asian dust) and improving the accuracy of water-leaving radiance retrieval with an RMSE deviation of 0.076, in contrast with 0.326 for the SAC algorithm which masked most of the sediment-laden and aerosol-dominated coastal areas. Further comparison in the Yellow Sea waters representing a massive phytoplankton bloom on 27 March 2002 revealed that the SAC algorithm caused an excessive correction for the visible bands, with the 412 nm band being affected the most, leading to severe overestimation of chlorophyll concentrations in the bloom-contained waters. In contrast, the SSMM remained very effective in terms of reducing errors of both water-leaving radiance and chlorophyll concentration estimates.
Cyclophosphamide and Doxorubicin-induced Acute Pancreatitis in a Patient with Breast Cancer

Predominantly occurring as a consequence of alcohol use or biliary stones, acute pancreatitis is rarely caused by chemotherapy. Lately, there have been increasing published reports and reviews of drug-induced pancreatitis from a wide array of antineoplastic drugs. We present a case of a patient recently diagnosed with Stage 3 breast cancer who was initially treated with cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin and subsequently developed acute pancreatitis, which recurred twice after a re-challenge with cyclophosphamide and epirubicin, a derivative of doxorubicin, given individually on two separate occasions. Acute pancreatitis reported in this case is defined by its clinical manifestations, biochemical evidence and imaging studies. To our knowledge, this is the first case of acute pancreatitis occurring in a patient with breast cancer associated with these chemotherapeutic agents.
Flexible and Robust Networks

We consider networks with two types of nodes. The v-nodes, called centers, are hyperconnected and interact with one another via many u-nodes, called satellites. This centralized architecture, widespread in gene networks, possesses two fundamental properties. Namely, this organization creates feedback loops that are capable of generating practically any prescribed patterning dynamics, chaotic or periodic, or having a number of equilibrium states. Moreover, this organization is robust with respect to random perturbations of the system.
A perspective on the extension of stochastic orderings to fuzzy random variables

In this paper we study how to make joint extensions of stochastic orderings and interval orderings so as to extend methods for comparing random variables, from the point of view of their respective location or magnitude, to fuzzy random variables. The main idea is that the way fuzzy random variables are interpreted affects the choice of the comparison methods. We distinguish three views of fuzzy random variables, according to which various comparison methods seem to make sense. This paper offers an approach toward a systematic classification of combinations of stochastic and interval or fuzzy interval comparison methods.
Automatic property generation for the formal verification of bus bridges

The automatic verification of designs is a challenging task and of high interest due to increasing time-to-market constraints. In this paper, we focus on the verification of bus bridges which are used in many hardware systems to connect two buses running different protocols. We developed an approach to assist the automatic generation of properties from the protocol specification for the formal verification of bus bridges. The technical contribution is that the final set of the verification suite is functionally complete in respect to the underlying verification tool which shows the absence of any verification holes. The approach uses an abstract model of bus bridges in terms of state machines which enables a generic work flow. In experimental evaluations we applied the approach to bus bridges based on the OCP/IP protocol family.
Signal-based indicators for predicting the effect of audible tones in the aircraft sound at takeoff

Audible tones in the sound of aircraft at takeoff, perceived at ground level, generally take the form of two components. The first one is a whistling sound at a frequency that corresponds to the fan rotation multiplied by the number of blades (blade passing frequency). The second one is a series of harmonic partials with a low fundamental frequency (buzz-saw noise). In the scope of the PARASOFT project, a former study showed that these two sound components, when heard at the same loudness, can have an effect on unpleasantness. Here, the results of this study were compared with different tonality indicators (EPNL tone correction factor, ISO1996-2 annex C, DIN45681, Aures’ model), and an indicator of roughness. This comparison revealed that all four tonality indicators are well suited for quantifying the detrimental impact of isolated tones. However only Aures’ model for tonality, because it is not limited to the highest emergence, and roughness are able to account for the effect of buzz-saw noise. Aures’ model for tonality should thus be considered when trying to predict the negative impact of any kind of audible tones in aircraft sound at takeoff.
Demographic scenario inferred from genetic data in leatherback turtles nesting in French Guiana and Suriname

Nesting beaches around the Maroni estuary, at the border between French Guiana and Suriname (South America), currently host about 40% of the world’s population of breeding female leatherback turtles. Although the population size has been variable but always large since the 1980s, observations of leatherbacks in the region before 1950 were sporadic or absent and the number of nesting females was extremely low. These observations motivated us to use molecular markers to investigate whether the appearance of leatherbacks in this region was the result of natural long-term population cycles or of immigration. Analysis of 12 microsatellite loci failed to detect the signature of a recent demographic perturbation in the Maroni population of leatherbacks. This result suggests that the marked increase in population size can neither be explained by natural long-term cycles, nor by a founder effect. We conclude that the current population of the Maroni region likely resulted from extensive migrations of animals from elsewhere. Consequently, the Maroni population probably belongs to a metapopulation whose limits remain currently unknown. This metapopulation dynamic suggested by our results is a major feature that should be taken into account in future conservation strategies. We also estimate the effective population size at 90–220 individuals, which is lower than the target effective population size for conservation purposes. This relatively low effective population size indicates vulnerability, despite the large number of nesting turtles currently observed annually. 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Umbilical cord PUFA are determined by maternal and child fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genetic variants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)

Fetal supply with long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) during pregnancy is important for brain growth and visual and cognitive development and is provided by materno–fetal placental transfer. We recently showed that maternal fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genotypes modulate the amounts of LC-PUFA in maternal blood. Whether FADS genotypes influence the amounts of umbilical cord fatty acids has not been investigated until now. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of maternal and child FADS genotypes on the amounts of LC-PUFA in umbilical cord venous plasma as an indicator of fetal fatty acid supply during pregnancy. A total of eleven cord plasma n-6 and n-3 fatty acids were analysed for association with seventeen FADS gene cluster SNP in over 2000 mothers and children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. In a multivariable analysis, the maternal genotype effect was adjusted for the child genotype and vice versa to estimate which of the two has the stronger influence on cord plasma fatty acids. Both maternal and child FADS genotypes and haplotypes influenced amounts of cord plasma LC-PUFA and fatty acid ratios. Specifically, most analysed maternal SNP were associated with cord plasma levels of the precursor n-6 PUFA, whereas the child genotypes were mainly associated with more highly desaturated n-6 LC-PUFA. This first study on FADS genotypes and cord fatty acids suggests that fetal LC-PUFA status is determined to some extent by fetal fatty acid conversion. Associations of particular haplotypes suggest specific effects of SNP rs498793 and rs968567 on fatty acid metabolism.
LAAN: A Linguistic-Aware Attention Network for Sentiment Analysis

Sentiment analysis of social media and comment data is an important issue in opinion monitoring. In this work, we propose a Linguistic-Aware Attention Network (LANN) to enhance the performance of convolution neural network (CNN). LANN adopts a two-stage strategy to model the sentiment-specific sentence representation. First, an interactive attention mechanism is designed to model word-level semantics. Second, to capture phrase-level linguistic structure, a dynamic semantic attention is adopted to select the crucial phrase chunks in the sentence. The experiments demonstrate that LANN has robust superiority over competitors and has reached the state-of-the-art performance.
Role of Lipids on Entry and Exit of Bluetongue Virus, a Complex Non-Enveloped Virus

Non-enveloped viruses such as members of Picornaviridae and Reoviridae are assembled in the cytoplasm and are generally released by cell lysis. However, recent evidence suggests that some non-enveloped viruses exit from infected cells without lysis, indicating that these viruses may also utilize alternate means for egress. Moreover, it appears that complex, non-enveloped viruses such as bluetongue virus (BTV) and rotavirus interact with lipids during their entry process as well as with lipid rafts during the trafficking of newly synthesized progeny viruses. This review will discuss the role of lipids in the entry, maturation and release of non-enveloped viruses, focusing mainly on BTV.
Reasoning about activity : robots, kanbans and the intelligent infrastructure

This paper applies agent ideas originally derived from experiments with autonomous mobile robots to goods replenishments systems in supply chains. Recently the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Automatic Identification laboratory has been promoting the establishment of an Internet-based repository of data on all instances of retail and domestic items, which is enabled by a group of technologies referred to as the Intelligent Infrastructure. While there are many benefits to both businesses and consumers to be derived from near-real-time access to historical data at the level of individual product instances, there seems to be an implication that this access to data about things provides a path to intelligent supply chain management systems. Taking simple item replenishment processes as an example we question this assumption. We note that reasoning about things has proved a difficult path to intelligence in the robotics experience, and we argue for an alternate approach that utilizes reasoning about activity as its basic principle. We investigate how this principle can be used to improve the performance of an existing widely used reactive replenishment system called Kanban, and how the Intelligent Infrastructure might be used to do this. The main contribution of the paper is to show that the top-down and bottom-up paths to intelligence exist in diverse system design domains by showing in some detail how the approach of reasoning about activity can be exploited in a domain far removed from its origins.
Eye tracking in catheter-based cardiovascular interventions: early results

Abstract. Visual x-ray image processing (XRIP) represents a fundamental component of catheter-based cardiovascular interventions (CBCVIs). To date, no data are available to define XRIP in this setting. To characterize CBCVI XRIP, we developed a computer-based method allowing continuous temporal–spatial analysis of data recorded by a head-mounted eye-tracking device. Quantitative analysis of gaze duration of an expert operator (EO) revealed that the average time in minutes spent viewing the images on the display screen was 39.5%±13.6% and 41.5%±18.3% of the total recorded time in coronary angiography (CA) and in CA followed by CBCVI, respectively. Qualitative analysis of gaze data of the EO revealed consistent focus on the center point of the screen. Only if suspicious findings were detected did gaze move toward the target. In contrast, a novice operator (NO) observing a subset of cases viewed coronary artery segments separately and sequentially. The developed methodology allows continuous registration and analysis of gaze data for analysis of XRIP strategies of EOs in live-cases scenarios and may assist in the transfer of experts’ reading skills to novices.
Influence of Context on Decision Making during Requirements Elicitation

Requirements engineers should strive to get a better insight into decision making processes. During elicitation of requirements, decision making influences how stakeholders communicate with engineers, thereby affecting the engineers' understanding of requirements for the future information system. Empirical studies issued from Artificial Intelligence offer an adequate groundwork to understand how decision making is influenced by some particular contextual factors. However, no research has gone into the validation of such empirical studies in the process of collecting needs of the future system's users. As an answer, the paper empirically studies factors, initially identified by AI literature, that influence decision making and communication during requirements elicitation. We argue that the context's structure of the decision should be considered as a cornerstone to adequately study how stakeholders decide to communicate or not a requirement. The paper proposes a context framework to categorize former factors into specific families, and support the engineers during the elicitation process.
Suboptimal anticoagulation with pre-hospital heparin in ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Summary This is a prospective, observational study performed in all consecutive ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients who had activated clotting time (ACT) measurement on arrival in the cathlab before coronary angiography. We studied the therapeutic effects of a pre-hospital fixed heparin bolus dose in consecutive patients with STEMI. A total of 1,533 patients received pre-hospital administration of aspirin, high dose clopidogrel (600 mg) and a fixed bolus dose of 5,000 IU unfractionated heparin (UFH), according to the national ambulance protocols. Some patients were also treated with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI) in the ambulance. A therapeutic ACT range was defined according to the ESC guidelines as 200–250 seconds when patients had GPI pretreatment and 250–350 seconds when no GPI pretreatment. Of the 1,533 patients, 216 patients (14.1%) had an ACT within the therapeutic range, 82.3% of the patients had a too low ACT, whereas 3.5% of the patients had a too high ACT. After multivariable analysis, the only independent predictor of a too low ACT was increasing weight (odds ratio 1.02/kg, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.03, p=0.001). Patients with a too low ACT had less often an open infarct related vessel (initial TIMI flow 2,3) as compared to patients with an ACT in range (36.5% vs. 45.9%, p=0.013). In only a minority of patients with STEMI, pre-hospital treatment with a fixed bolus dose UFH is within the therapeutic ACT range. Increased weight is an independent determinant of a too low ACT. We strongly recommend weight adjusted administration of UFH in the ambulance.
Evaluation of the ultrasonic transducer electrical matching performance

Performance of electrical matching of an ultrasonic transducer to the excitation generator is analyzed. The analysis is based on a transducer measured impedance. Real power supplied to the ultrasonic transducer is one of evaluation criteria. The obtainable bandwidth as well as it’s product with a real power supplied are assigned as the alternative performance evaluation criteria. Effective bandwidth is adopted from radiolocation as one of criteria. Most popular matching circuits are analyzed using the mentioned criteria. Algorithms for matching network selection are presented.
Sintering of Mass Fractals by Surface Diffusion or by Viscous Flow: Numerical and Scaling Approaches in d = 2

Numerical methods are used to model two kinds of sintering processes, by Surface Diffusion (SD) or by Viscous Flow (VF), and are applied to deterministic and random two-dimensional mass fractals with various fractal dimensions. In the SD case the relevant partial differential equation is discretized and the evolution of the contour is numerically studied. In the case of viscous flow, a recently introduced approximate dressing method is used. In both cases it is shown that the geometrical characteristics which are the perimeter length L, the size ξ and the lower cut-off a, vary as some powers of time t (L ∼t -α , ξ∼ t-β ,a ∼t γ ). The exponents α, β, γ, and their dependence on the fractal dimension D, are estimated from scaling arguments and are found to be different in the SD and VF cases. The SD case is particular in the sense that β ≃ 0 (no shrinkage) and that, if the initial fractal is too large, it breaks into separate pieces.
EMOFIEL: Mapping Emotions of Relationships in a Story

We present EMOFIEL, a system that identifies characters and scenes in a story from a fictional narrative summary, generates appropriate scene descriptions, identifies the emotion flow between a given directed pair of story characters in each interaction, and organizes them along the story timeline. These emotions are identified using two emotion modelling approaches: categorical and dimensional emotion models. The generated plots show that in a particular scene, two characters can share multiple emotions together with different intensity. Furthermore, the directionality of the emotion can be captured as well, depending on which character is more dominant in each interaction. EMOFIEL provides a web-based GUI that allows users to query the annotated stories to explore the emotion mapping of a given character pair throughout a given story, and to explore scenes for which a certain emotion peaks.