Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of three dietary groups in French university students and their associations with nutritional quality and environmental impact

Introduction The student period is associated with changes in eating habits, usually leading to diets of lower nutritional quality. However, some variability may exist in students’ dietary patterns. We aimed to describe French students’ diets and identify dietary groups that may vary in nutritional quality and environmental impact. Methods A representative sample of French students (N = 582) for age, sex and scholarship status completed an online 125-item food frequency questionnaire. The nutritional quality of diets was assessed by a score of adherence to the French nutritional guidelines (sPNNS-GS2 score, ranging from−17 to 11.5) and its environmental impact by greenhouse gas emissions for an isocaloric diet (GHGE). An ascending hierarchical classification analysis on food and beverage intakes led to three dietary groups. Between-group differences in food consumption, dietary indicators and sociodemographic characteristics were investigated using ANOVA models. Results The average sPNNS-GS2 score of students’ diets was −0.8 ± 2.8, representing a 57% coverage of French nutritional recommendations, and GHGE were 5.4 ± 1.7 kg eCO2/2000 kcal. The three dietary groups were: a healthy diet group (20% of the sample) with the highest nutritional quality and high GHGE, which included older students with a higher level of physical activity; a Western diet group (40%) with the worst nutritional quality and high GHGE, which included more students who lived with their parents; and a frugal diet group (40%) with the lowest energy intake, intermediate nutritional quality, and low GHGE, which included more students who lived alone. Conclusion None of the dietary groups optimized both nutritional quality and environmental impact simultaneously, which suggests an apparent incompatibility in the student population between these two sustainability dimensions. These findings emphasize the need for tailored public health policies that acknowledge the diversity of student eating patterns and address specific individual barriers to healthy and sustainable diets.
Effect of Li doping on the electronic and magnetic properties of BiFeO3 by first principles

Abstract In the present work, the electronic and magnetic properties of Li doped BiFeO3 (BFO:Li) are calculated using density functional theory (DFT). The exchange and correlation part of the energy functional is implemented through LSDA + U functional, where U is the Hubbard parameter which considers the localization of Fe d electrons. The obtained results suggest that Li doping induces weak ferromagnetism in BFO. The value of magnetic moment per unit volume of Li doped BFO is calculated to be 0.9992 /cell. The value of bandgap of Li doped BFO (1.921 eV) is found to reduce considerably in comparison to pure BFO (2.24 eV). The decrease in the value of bandgap in BFO upon Li doping may be attributed to the appearance of electronic states in the forbidden region with respect to pure BFO.
Distribution of Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus, purse-seine sets and catches from Southern New England to North Carolina, 1985-96

Sets and catches of Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus, made in 1985-96 by purse-seine vessels from Virginia and North Carolina were studied by digitizing and analyzing Captain's Daily Fishing Reports (CDFR's), daily logs of fishing activities completed by captains of menhaden vessels. 33,674 CDFR's were processed, representing 125,858 purse-seine sets. On average, the fleet made 10,488 sets annually. Virginia vessels made at least one purse-seine set on 67%-83% of available fishing days between May and December. In most years, five was the median number of sets attempted each fishing day. Mean set duration ranged from 34 to 43 minutes, and median catch per set ranged from 15 to 30 metric tons (t). Spotter aircraft assisted in over 83% of sets overall. Average annual catch in Chesapeake Bay (149,500 t) surpassed all other fishing areas, and accounted for 52% of the fleet's catch. Annual catch from North Carolina waters (49,100 t) ranked a distant second. Fishing activity in ocean waters clustered off the Mid-Atlantic states in June-September, and off North Carolina in November-January. Delaware Bay and the New Jersey coast were important alternate fishing grounds during summer. Across all ocean fishing areas, most sets and catch occurred within 3 mi. of shore, but in Chesapeake Bay about half of all fishing activity occurred farther offshore. In Virginia, areas adjacent to fish factories tended to be heavily fished. Recent regulatory initiatives in various coastal states threaten the Atlantic menhaden fleet's access to traditional nearshore fishing grounds. (PDF file contains 26 pages.)
Role of common fig and olive oil on the Nitropropane-induced submandibular gland changes: Role of IL1β, IL6 and TNFα

Objectives: 2-Nitropropane (2-NP) is a rat liver carcinogen. Animals chronically exposed to 2nitropropane by inhalation, liver and pulmonary effects have been observed. The aim of this study was to verify if common fig and olive oil have a synergistic effect on the nitropropane alterations on the IL-1β, TNFα and IL 6 in submandibular gland of Mice. Methods and materials: The present investigation was carried out on forty adult BALB/c male mice. The mice were divided randomly into 5 equal groups. Group I, a control group (n=8), which were injected with vehicle alone (canola oil, 5 mL/kg). The other four groups (n = 32) by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 2Nitropropane (100 mg/kg body weight dissolved in canola oil) 2 time/week for 4 weeks. At the same time of 2NP injection, mice of the latter three groups were orally drinking water supplemented with fig extract, olive oil and mixture of fig and olive oil 50 (Mg/Ml)/ 4 weeks respectively. The gene expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin 1-β (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were tested in submandibular gland of mice by RT-qPCR. Results: the gene expression analysis showed that the 2-nitropropane caused statistically significant upregulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 compared to the untreated control group. Elevated expression of IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly downregulated by olive oil and fig treatment. Co-administration of fig with olive mixture markedly down-regulate the gene expression analysis TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 compared to the 2-NP treated group. Conclusions: The findings conclude that olive oil and fig extract may attenuate the alterations of 2-NP by down-regulating proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL6 and TNF α.
Identification of ITGB4 as a novel tumor promoting gene in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD)

As the most frequently diagnosed cancer, lung cancer (LC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In total, ~85% of malignant lung tumors belong to non-small cell LC, of which ~50% are lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Integrin subunit β4 (ITGB4) is upregulated in lung glandular cancer and elevated ITGB4 levels predict an adverse clinical outcome. However, the biological function of ITGB4 in promoting LUAD progression remains unclear. In the present study, the upregulation of ITGB4 in LUAD tissue samples was demonstrated. To understand the biological role of ITGB4, ITGB4 expression was knocked down in A549 and PC9 cells through transfection with specific small interfering RNAs. The results demonstrated that the downregulation of ITGB4 attenuated A549 and PC9 cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited colony formation, cell migration and cell invasion. To understand the mechanism of ITGB4, high throughput sequencing was performed using ITGB4-knocked down A549 cells, followed by bioinformatics analysis. It was found that the genes upregulated by ITGB4 were significantly enriched in metabolism and related pathways, and the genes downregulated by ITGB4 were enriched in cell cycle and related pathways. In conclusion, the findings of the present study highlighted the oncogenic function of ITGB4 in LUAD and uncovered potential mechanisms fundamental to the progression of the disease.
Glacial/Holocene change Fossil-pollen evidence for abrupt climate changes during the past 18000 years in eastern North America*

A quantitative measure of the rate at which fossil-pollen abundances changed over the last 18 000 years at 18 sites spread across eastern North America distinguishes local from regionally synchronous changes. Abrupt regional changes occurred at most sites in late-glacial time (at = 13 700, = 12 300, and = 10000 radiocarbon yr BP) and during the last 1000 years. The record of abrupt late-glacial vegetation changes in eastern North America correlates well with abrupt global changes in ice-sheet volume, mountain snow-lines, North Atlantic deep-water production, at- mospheric C02, and atmospheric dust, although the pa- lynological signal varies from site to site. Changes in vegetation during most of the Holocene, although lo- cally significant, were not regionally synchronous. The analysis reveals non-alpine evidence for Neoglacial/ Little Ice Age climate change during the last 1000 years, which was the only time during the Holocene when cli- mate change was of sufficient magnitude to cause a synchronous vegetational response throughout the sub- continent. During the two millennia preceding this widespread synchronous change, the rate of change at all sites was low and the average rate of change was the lowest of the Holocene. Moreover, at individual sites, some vegetation changes may be local or site-specific, whereas others may be re- gionally synchronous. We have developed a method for identifying abrupt, regionally synchronous changes in fossil-pollen stratigraphies, independent of vegetation type and direction of climate change. Regionally synch- ronous palynological changes are proxy evidence for times of major, broad-scale, changes in climate. In this paper we further discuss the method, evaluate the site to site variability of results from eastern North Ameri- ca, and discuss their climatic and ecological implica- tions.
Surface Properties of Ti65Zr Alloy Modified with TiZr Oxide and Hydroxyapatite

Titanium-zirconium dioxide nanostructures loaded by hydroxyapatite were produced on the surface of Ti65Zr alloy. The alloy was treated by anodization with the subsequent immersion in calcium glycerophosphate (CG) solutions. The resulting surfaces present TiO2-ZrO2 nanotubular (TiZr-NT) structures enriched with hydroxyapatite (HAP). The nanotube texture is expected to enhance the surface’s corrosion resistance and promote integration with bone tissue in dental implants. The TiZr-NT structure had a diameter of 73 ± 2.2 nm and a length of 10.1 ± 0.5 μm. The most favorable result for the growth of HAP in Hanks’ balanced salt solution (Hanks’ BSS) was obtained at a CG concentration of 0.5 g/L. Samples soaked in CG at a concentration of 0.5 g/L demonstrated in a decrease of the contact angles to 25.2°; after 3 days of exposure to Hanks’ BSS, the contact angles further reduced to 18.5°. The corrosion studies also showed that the TiZr-NT structure soaked in the CG = 0.5 g/L solution exhibited the best corrosion stability.
Earth's core variability from magnetic and gravity field observations

Abstract. The motions of the liquid within the Earth's outer core lead to magnetic field variations together with mass distribution changes. As the core is not accessible for direct observation, our knowledge of the Earth’s liquid core dynamics only relies on indirect information sources. Mainly generated by the core dynamics, the surface geomagnetic field provides information about the variations of the fluid motion at the top of the core. The dynamic of the fluid core is also associated with mass distribution changes inside the core and produces gravitational field time fluctuations. By applying several statistical blind source separation methods to both the gravity and magnetic field time series, we investigate the common space–time variabilities. We report several robust interannual oscillations shared by the two observation sets. Among those, a common mode of around 7 years looks very significant. Whereas the nature of the driving mechanism of the coupled variability remains unclear, the spatial and temporal properties of the common signal are compatible with a core origin.
X-band antenna for CubeSat satellite

This project describes the process of design and manufacturing of an X-Band (7.1-8.5 GHz) antenna for a CubeSat satellite, facing many of the design criteria and challenges of picosatellites. A CubeSat is a type of miniaturized satellite for space research that is made up of multiples of 10×10×10 cm3 units and has a mass of no more than 1.33 kilograms per unit. It can be manufactured using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components for its electronics and structure. Limited size, low mass, circular polarization, high gain and wide bandwidth are the main challenges of the antenna design. A design of an aperture-coupled patch antenna has been performed to overcome the difficulties and fulfill all the requirements for CubeSats antennas. The antenna consists of one or two rectangular patches, fed by a microstrip line through a crossed slot in the ground plane. The two patches are separated from the ground plane using a layer of hard, low-permittivity foam. After the study of several antenna models, a stacked patch antenna (two patches) accomplished most of the requirements. The antenna models have been simulated using a 3-D electromagnetic simulation software, HFSS. Simulation results show a gain of 7.2-9.4 dB within the entire frequency range, attaining the higher gain at the central frequency of 7.8 GHz. An impedance bandwidth of 27.8 % has been obtained for this design. Radiation pattern shows a beamwidth of 50°-66° in the whole frequency range. Good circular polarization is achieved with an axial ratio bandwidth of 33.3 %. The best models have been manufactured and measured on the network analyzer and in an anechoic chamber. Measured results show an impedance bandwidth of 22 % and a gain within 8.2-9.5 dB, which seems to be higher than in the simulation results. Good circular polarization is also achieved in the measured results.
Electrochemical Properties of PEDOT:PSS/Graphene Conductive Layers in Artificial Sweat

Electrodes based on PEDOT:PSS are gaining increasing importance as conductive electrodes and functional layers in various sensors and biosensors due to their easy processing and biocompatibility. This study investigates PEDOT:PSS/graphene layers deposited via spray coating on flexible PET substrates. The layers are characterized in terms of their morphology, roughness (via AFM and SEM), and electrochemical properties in artificial sweat using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The layers exhibit dominant capacitive behavior at low frequencies, with cut-off frequencies determined for thicker layers at 1 kHz. The equivalent circuit used to fit the EIS data reveals a resistance of about three orders of magnitude higher inside the layer compared to the charge transfer resistance at the solid/liquid interface. The capacitance values determined from the CV curves range from 54.3 to 122.0 mF m−2. After 500 CV cycles in a potential window of 1 V (from −0.3 to 0.7 V), capacitance retention for most layers is around 94%, with minimal surface changes being observed in the layers. The results suggest practical applications for PEDOT:PSS/graphene layers, both for high-frequency impedance measurements related to the functioning of individual organs and systems, such as impedance electrocardiography, impedance plethysmography, and respiratory monitoring, and as capacitive electrodes in the low-frequency range, realized as layered PEDOT:PSS/graphene conductive structures for biosignal recording.
Ameliorative effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on salinity tolerance of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

Salinity in soil and irrigation water has negative effects on plant morphology, physiology, and biochemical processes. In this study, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of two plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens on sweet basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.) growing under salinity stress: 0 (control, without NaCl), 50, and 100 mM NaCl
Stable Minimum Solution Calibration Method Using 2-D Laser Radar and Camera

The 2-D laser radar and cameras are widely used to perceive external environments in unmanned vehicle navigation, target recognition, mobile robot obstacle avoidance, and simultaneous localization and mapping. Herein, the two sensors must be calibrated first to fuse laser data and image. The minimum solution method for calibration is one of the most popular ones but has some shortcomings, such as poor numerical stability and accuracy. Therefore, we present a new stable minimum solution calibration method, which introduces the robust perspective three-point algorithm (RP3P) to solve the perspective three-point problem (P3P) and improve the mechanisms of optimal solution selection. First, according to the P3P constructed using three checkerboards, the enhanced RP3P algorithm is used to improve the stability of the solution. Second, an error measurement model based on region and boundary constraints is proposed to evaluate the deviation of the multiple solutions to select the optimal solution. Simulation and actual experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the percentage of valid solutions and calibration accuracy compared with the algorithms in the literature. In the simulation experiments, compared with Francisco’s, Hu’s, and Zhou’s methods, the percentage of valid solutions of our method is improved by 7%–33%, 6%–10%, and 5%–9% under different noise levels. Furthermore, the accuracy of the calibration result of our calibration method obtained significant performance improvements.
Application of ALOS AVNIR-2 for the detection of seaweed and seagrass beds on the northeast of Brazil

ABSTRACT Seaweed and seagrass beds play a multiplicity of functions within ecosystems, and have both ecological and economical value. However, anthropogenic activities, as well as climate change have contributed on the degradation. This study used data from Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer Type 2 (AVNIR-2) orbital images to detect seaweeds and seagrasses. Qualitative and quantitative samples were used to validate the images, classified using the kappa coefficient (κ). The supervised classifications performed by the algorithms fuzzy logic – Fuzclass, maximum likelihood – Maxlike, minimum distance to means – Mindist, parallelepiped – Piped, showed an accuracy level of 0.93, 0.84, 0.83 (both excellent), and 0.62 (substantial), respectively. The results of the hard classifiers (Maxlike, Mindist, and Piped) submitted a new classification based on fuzzy logic (Fuzclass) demonstrated accuracy level of 0.74, 0.61 (both substantial), and 0.50 (moderate), respectively. Considered superior to the others, the Fuzclass classifier exhibited the best tendency in representing reef bottom–type distribution. Maxlike generated a map of seaweed and seagrass spatial distribution and abundance of the Maracajaú reef, identifying seven classes: (1) dense seaweeds; (2) sand; (3) dense seagrasses; (4) sparse seagrasses; (5) calcareous seaweeds; (6) sparse seaweeds; and (7) fine sand. The map of Maracajaú reef bottom type showed that it was possible to apply image processing and digital classification methodologies to distinguish submerged organisms, revealing information to help in planning and management of these ecosystems, enabling future monitoring.
Identification and isolation of Campylobacter jejuni and C. upsaliensis from bovine local milk, milk products, and human stool samples by molecular technique in Karbala province

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter species in milk and its product samples in Karbala province and detect the antibiotic sensitivity of these isolates. One hundred samples were aseptically collected as follows: 50 samples of bovine raw milk and 50 samples of bovine milk products from different local shops and farms distributed in Karbala province, in addition to, 100 samples from children suffering diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain from Kerbala (Iraq) General Children's Hospital. The pathogen was found using biochemical testing after samples were immediately inoculated into enriched and sub-cultured on selected media. Campylobacter spp. At 24 to 48 hours, colonies on the plate are small, often grayish in appearance, although some have to be creamy grey, slightly raised and moist, and often generated separate colonies of bacteria, flat with irregular borders, and non-hemolytic. This was confirmed by using the polymerase chain reaction method, 11 isolates (5.5%) of 200 samples were determined to be Campylobacter species. The 11 isolates were subjected to sequencing to detect the species of Campylobacter which found two species (C. jejuni and C. upsaliensis). Results showed that Campylobacter spp. 11 positive isolates, C. jejuni recorded 9 (81,8%) positive results while C. upsaliensis recorded 2 (18.18%) positive results. Antibiotic_ susceptibility_ test was cultured by using disk diffusion assay, campylobacter spp. showed complete sensitive to ciprofloxaci , gentamycin, and Imipenem.
Climate‐driven exceedance of total (wet + dry) nitrogen (N) + sulfur (S) deposition to forest soil over the conterminous U.S

Nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) depositions are much mitigated over the conterminous U.S. (CONUS) but deposition exceedance still exists on forest soil. In addition, the empirical approach is usually used but only provides a spatially constant critical load (CL). Therefore, the CL derived from steady‐state mass balance equation is used to study the CL exceedance on forest soil over the CONUS. The multimodel mean (MMM) of global climate‐chemistry models in 2000s indicates that total (wet + dry) N deposition alone over 10.32% of forest soil exceeds the CL, but a higher percent (30.16%) is observed by the N + S deposition, which highlights the necessity of considering S deposition. In 2050s, less CL‐exceeded forest soil is projected and the exceedance amount is lower as well, mainly attributed to the strong reduction of projected NOX and SO2 emissions. By first projecting the future CL due to the climate change, the CL exceedance could further decrease as the air temperature is projected to increase rapidly and lead to higher CL in the future. The CL exceedance by N deposition alone is likely to be dominated by NOy in 2000s but NHX in 2050s because of the enhanced NH3 emission. Moreover, both in 2000s and 2050s, using the CL generated by different aggregation methods can cause up to 33 times difference between the corresponding CL exceedance. This suggests that several regions are under the marginal threat of either N or N + S deposition and different CL can influence the results significantly.