Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of high-temperature-resistant laser-induced gratings with large refractive index modulation: space-selective precipitation of Ge nanoparticles in glasses

High-temperature-resistant laser-induced Bragg gratings were formed in Ge-B-SiO2 thin glass films fabricated by the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method. Such gratings were induced by exposure of an interference pattern with KrF excimer laser and subsequently annealing at 600°C. The SEM observation of the grating after HF etching revealed that the origin of the grating was the periodic precipitation of crystalline 20 - 40 nm-diameter Ge nanoparticles. Nanoparticles precipitated predominantly in the unirradiated region after laser-induced refractive index change completely erased after annealing up to 500°C. The maximum value of refractive index modulation Δn was 6.8 x 10-3 at 632.8 nm, which corresponds to the Δn nearly 10 times as large as that before annealing. A channel waveguide with high-temperature-resistant-grating exhibited high diffraction efficiency and excellent thermal stability.
Sensor-based tracking of environmental level sets by a unicycle-like mobile robot

We consider a single Dubins-like mobile robot traveling with a constant longitudinal speed in a planar region supporting an unknown field distribution. A single sensor provides the distribution value at the current vehicle location. We present a new sliding mode control method for tracking environmental level sets: the controller drives the vehicle to the set where the distribution assumes a pre-specified value and ensures that the vehicle circulates along this set afterwards. The proposed control algorithm does not employ gradient estimation and is non-demanding with respect to both computation and motion. Its mathematically rigorous analysis and justification are provided. The effectiveness of the proposed guidance law is confirmed by illustrative examples and computer simulations.
Ion injection by metallic electrodes in highly polar liquids of controlled conductivity

This study has allowed us to appreciate quantitatively the processes governing the injection law in polar liquids at high fields and to distinguish the wide variety of intricate phenomena at low fields. The fundamental role of the double layer is emphasized, especially how the compact part and/or the diffuse part of this layer control the current flow according to the amplitude of the field. Several electrical and optical techniques were used to study propylene carbonate up to 500 kV/cm. The unique curve describing the current-field variation is in good agreement with the Félici's model based on electrochemical kinetics, the field at the injector being corrected because of space charge and electrohydrodynamic flow.
The first law of black brane mechanics

We obtain ADM and Komar surface integrals for the energy density, tension and angular momentum density of stationary p-brane solutions of Einstein's equations. We use them to derive a Smarr-type formula for the energy density and thence a first law of black brane mechanics. The intensive variable conjugate to the worldspace p-volume is an 'effective' tension that equals the ADM tension for uncharged branes, but vanishes for isotropic boost-invariant charged branes.
INSTITUTO DE COMPUTAÇÃO UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS Self-Adjusting Grid Networks

This paper introduces a procedure called Traffic Engineering for grids for enabling grid networks to self-adjust to resource availability. The proposal is based on monitoring the state of resources and on task migration. It involves several layers of the Internet architecture. Experiments executed in NS-2 are used to illustrate the efficacy of the procedure proposed.
Technology adoption and implementation in organisations: comparative case studies of 12 English NHS Trusts

Objectives To understand organisational technology adoption (initiation, adoption decision, implementation) by looking at the different types of innovation knowledge used during this process. Design Qualitative, multisite, comparative case study design. Setting One primary care and 11 acute care organisations (trusts) across all health regions in England in the context of infection prevention and control. Participants and data analysis 121 semistructured individual and group interviews with 109 informants, involving clinical and non-clinical staff from all organisational levels and various professional groups. Documentary evidence and field notes were also used. 38 technology adoption processes were analysed using an integrated approach combining inductive and deductive reasoning. Main findings Those involved in the process variably accessed three types of innovation knowledge: ‘awareness’ (information that an innovation exists), ‘principles’ (information about an innovation's functioning principles) and ‘how-to’ (information required to use an innovation properly at individual and organisational levels). Centralised (national, government-led) and local sources were used to obtain this knowledge. Localised professional networks were preferred sources for all three types of knowledge. Professional backgrounds influenced an asymmetric attention to different types of innovation knowledge. When less attention was given to ‘how-to’ compared with ‘principles’ knowledge at the early stages of the process, this contributed to 12 cases of incomplete implementation or discontinuance after initial adoption. Conclusions Potential adopters and change agents often overlooked or undervalued ‘how-to’ knowledge. Balancing ‘principles’ and ‘how-to’ knowledge early in the innovation process enhanced successful technology adoption and implementation by considering efficacy as well as strategic, structural and cultural fit with the organisation's context. This learning is critical given the policy emphasis for health organisations to be innovation-ready.
Multi up-gradation software reliability model

In software industry, up gradations are made in the software at a very brisk speed. The life of software is very short in the environment of perfect competition market therefore they have to come up with successive up gradations to survive. Features added to the software at frequent time intervals lead to complexity in the software system and add to the number of faults in the software. The developer of the software can lose on market share if it neglects the up gradation in the software but on the other hand a software company can lose its name and goodwill in the market if the functionalities added to the software leads to an increase in the number of faults of the software. To capture the effect of faults generated in the software due to add-ons at various point in time we develop a multi up gradation, multi release software reliability model. This model uniquely identifies the faults left in the software when it is in operational phase during the testing of the new code i.e, developed while adding new features to the existing software. The model developed is validated on real data sets with software which has been released in the market with new features four times.
Effects of royal jelly supplementation on body weight and dietary intake in type 2 diabetic females.

BACKGROUND The objective of the current study was to assess the effects of royal jelly supple-mentation on body weight, total daily energy and macronutrients intakes in type2 diabetic fe-males. METHODS In this randomized clinical trial, fifty female volunteers with type2 diabetes were as-signed into the supplemented (n=25) and placebo (n=25) groups, given a daily dose of 1000 mg royal jelly soft gel or placebo, for 8 weeks, respectively. Before and after the intervention, body weight and height of subjects were measured and body mass index was calculated. Dietary intake of patients was assessed using 24-hour food recall questionnaire for three non consecutive days (including 1 weekend day) and analyzed with Nutritionist IV software. The normally distributed data were compared using paired and independent t-tests, where appropriate. RESULTS Royal jelly supplementation significantly (P<0.01) decreased the mean body weight (72.45±4.42 vs. 71.00±6.44 kg) while it increased insignificantly in placebo group (73.02±6.44 vs 73.52±6.80 kg). Royal jelly supplementation resulted in significant decrease of mean daily total energy (P<0.01) and carbohydrate (P<0.01) intakes, while in placebo group the mean daily total energy and fat intakes were increased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Supplementation with royal jelly may be beneficial in weight management of di-abetic patients.
The Effect of Shoe Outsole Containing Nanoilica Particles on Knee Valgus Angle in Athlete Females with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury during Drop Jump and Single Leg Landing

Dear Editor in ChiefIt is a well-known fact that the verisimilitude of sustaining the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in- jury in a noncontact situation is greater for fe- males than for males, dramatically (1). In sports science, many researchers have studied the mecha- nism and the risk factors of ACL injury, and ex- cessive knee valgus angle (KVA) has received considerable attention as a reason of higher inci- dence of ACL injuries athlete females (2, 3). But, the majority of studies in KVA focused on its gen- der and sport differences (2, 4) and although shoe properties has been shown to affect kinematic and kinetic motion patterns during high impact activi- ties (5), the effect of it on KVA as a risk factor of ACL injuries is still under debate. Furthermore, the likelihood of ACL re-injured during recon- struction or during return to competition in fe- male is more than their male counterparts (6). In ACL injuries reconstruction, a standardized test- ing procedure in collecting biomechanical data and designing training programs is necessary for therapists to decide test patients in which type of footwear. We investigated the effect of shoe hardness on KVA in active females during drop jump (DJ) and single leg landing (SLL). We tested Eight active healthy women had experi- ence of anterior cruciate ligament injury in their right leg, right dominant leg, which participated in sport activities for the past 4 years. They per- formed DJ and SLL from a 40cm box in a pairs of shoe with Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) outsole and hardness of 45 Shore A and another with Thermoplastic elastomer based on Styrene-Butadi- ene and Silica nanoparticles (TPEN) outsole and hardness of 70 Shore A. Three markers were placed at the midpoint of the ankle malleoli for the center of the ankle joint, midpoint of the fem- oral condyles to approximate the center of the knee joint and on the proximal thigh at the mid- point along a line from the anterior superior iliac spine to the knee marker of right leg (4). The an- gle subtended between the lines formed between the markers at the Anterior Superior Iliac spine and middle of the knee joint and that formed from the markers on the knee joint to the middle of the ankle joint was recorded as the valgus angle of the knee. We collected Kinematic data using the SIMI motion software, filtered them at 12 Hz with a low-pass fourth order Butterworth filter, calculated using Microsoft Excel2010 and MATLAB2010 and analyzed using Paired t-tests by SPSS-v20 software. …
Coronary collateral flow and peripheral blood monocyte concentration in patients treated with granulocyte–macrophage colony stimulating factor

Established options for revascularisation of coronary artery disease (CAD) are angioplasty or bypass surgery, both of which are unsuitable in about one in five patients because of the severity of atherosclerosis, co-morbidities, or both. An alternative therapeutic option is to promote the endogenous development of collateral vessels. There are three principle ways in which vessel growth can occur: (1) vasculogenesis—this occurs primarily during embryonic development by differentiation of haematopoietic stem cells; (2) angiogenesis—this is the sprouting of new vessels out of existing ones, occurring during embryonic development and under certain conditions in the adult; (3) arteriogenesis—pre-existing collateral arterioles transform into arteries by dilatation, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells proliferate, and consecutively acquire a typical arterial structure.1 Angiogenesis is induced by various cytokines, is dependant on ischaemia, and mainly results in high resistance capillaries; true collateral artery growth is temporally and spatially dissociated from ischaemia and results in large interconnecting arterioles which …
Lymphocyte surface modulation and cyclic nucleotides I. Topographic correlation of cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and immunoglobulin immunofluorescence during lymphocyte capping

The cross-linking of human peripheral lymphocyte surface Ig results in an early association of cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and the cell surface Ig patches. Examination of the subsequent stages of cap formation reveals the continued relationship of cAMP and the clustered surface Ig. In addition, the generalized influx of calcium produced by the ionophore A-23187 disrupts human lymphocyte caps. During the process of cap dissolution cAMP is still associated with surface Ig. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the localized concentration of cyclic nucleotide and calcium ion regulates the movement of cell surface constituents by coordinating the function of the cell's contractile and structural elements.
Towards the Safe Programming of Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensor networks are rather challenging to deploy, program, and debug. Current programming languages for these platforms suffer from a significant semanti c gap between their specifications and underlying implementations. This fact precludes the development of (type-)safe applications, which would potentially simplify the task of programming and debugging deployed networks. In this paper we define a core calculus for programming sensor networks and propose to use it as an assembly language for developing type-safe, high-level programming languages.
72-year-old woman with urinary hesitancy and pelvic pain.

A72-year-old woman presents with a 4-month history of voiding symptoms after a tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) sling operation. The patient had a 3-year history of progressively worsening stress urinary incontinence. She underwent a vaginal hysterectomy and Kelly plication 15 years ago. The TVT sling was reportedly performed without complication at an outside hospital. The operative report stated that the procedure was performed under general anesthesia. Post-operatively, she was in urinary retention and was initially managed with an indwelling urethral catheter for 1 week, followed by intermittent catheterization for 1 month. Her past medical history was significant for a mild stroke without significant neurological deficit. Currently, she reports pain in the right side of her vagina that radiates to the right side of her pubic symphysis area and into the right side of her rectum. She has had four urinary tract infections since the sling operation. Other urological symptoms include urgency, frequency, nocturia (4 times per night), and inability to void sitting down. She had a normal urinalysis and culture. An initial history and physical examination were performed, with subsequent cystoscopy and video-urodynamic studies. Pelvic examination and cystoscopy revealed no foreign body in the bladder or urethra. There appeared to be an 80-degree angulation in the mid-urethra. Urodynamic study revealed an involuntary detrusor contraction at 200 mL with voiding pressure of 38 cm H2O and a maximum flow of 12 mL/sec. CASE SCENARIO
On the Role of Massive Stars in the Support and Destruction of Giant Molecular Clouds

We argue that massive stars are the dominant sources of energy for the turbulent motions within giant molecular clouds and that the primary agent of feedback is the expansion of H II regions within the cloud volume. This conclusion is suggested by the low efficiency of star formation and corroborated by dynamical models of H II regions. We evaluate the turbulent energy input rate in clouds more massive than 3.7 × 105 M☉, for which gravity does not significantly affect the expansion of H II regions. Such clouds achieve a balance between the decay of turbulent energy and its regeneration in H II regions; summed over clouds, the implied ionizing luminosity and star formation rate are roughly consistent with the Galactic total. H II regions also photoevaporate their clouds: we derive cloud destruction times somewhat shorter than those estimated by Williams & McKee. The upper mass limit for molecular clouds in the Milky Way may derive from the fact that larger clouds would destroy themselves in less than 1 crossing time. The conditions within starburst galaxies do not permit giant molecular clouds to be supported or destroyed by H II regions, and this may explain some aspects of the starburst phenomenon.
A Descriptor System Approach to Fuzzy Control System Design via Fuzzy Lyapunov Functions

There has been a flurry of research activities in the analysis and design of fuzzy control systems based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). This paper presents a descriptor system approach to fuzzy control system design using fuzzy Lyapunov functions. The design conditions are still cast in terms of LMIs but the proposed approach takes advantage of the redundancy of descriptor systems to reduce the number of LMI conditions which leads to less computational requirement. To obtain relaxed LMI conditions, new types of fuzzy controller and fuzzy Lyapunov function are proposed. A salient feature of the LMI conditions derived in this paper is to relate the feasibility of the LMIs to the switching speed of each linear subsystem (to be exact, to the lower bounds of time derivatives of membership functions). To illustrate the validity and applicability of the proposed approach, two design examples are provided. The first example shows that the LMI conditions based on the fuzzy Lyapunov function are less conservative than those based on a common (standard) Lyapunov function. The second example illustrates the utility of the fuzzy Lyapunov function approach in comparison with a piecewise Lyapunov function approach.
A diet rich in high-glucoraphanin broccoli interacts with genotype to reduce discordance in plasma metabolite profiles by modulating mitochondrial function

Background: Observational and experimental studies suggest that diets rich in cruciferous vegetables and glucosinolates may reduce the risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objective: We tested the hypothesis that a 12-wk dietary intervention with high-glucoraphanin (HG) broccoli would modify biomarkers of CVD risk and plasma metabolite profiles to a greater extent than interventions with standard broccoli or peas. Design: Subjects were randomly assigned to consume 400 g standard broccoli, 400 g HG broccoli, or 400 g peas each week for 12 wk, with no other dietary restrictions. Biomarkers of CVD risk and 347 plasma metabolites were quantified before and after the intervention. Results: No significant differences in the effects of the diets on biomarkers of CVD risk were found. Multivariate analyses of plasma metabolites identified 2 discrete phenotypic responses to diet in individuals within the HG broccoli arm, differentiated by single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with the PAPOLG gene. Univariate analysis showed effects of sex (P < 0.001), PAPOLG genotype (P < 0.001), and PAPOLG genotype × diet (P < 0.001) on the plasma metabolic profile. In the HG broccoli arm, the consequence of the intervention was to reduce variation in lipid and amino acid metabolites, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, and acylcarnitines between the 2 PAPOLG genotypes. Conclusions: The metabolic changes observed with the HG broccoli diet are consistent with a rebalancing of anaplerotic and cataplerotic reactions and enhanced integration of fatty acid β-oxidation with TCA cycle activity. These modifications may contribute to the reduction in cancer risk associated with diets that are rich in cruciferous vegetables. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01114399.
Autonomous map building in outdoor environments

This report gives an analysis of the problem of building a map of an outdoor environment using an intelligent vehicle, also known as an autonomous system. Different characteristic parts of an autonomous system are described with a discussion of what kind of equipment that is necessary for map building. An odometry sensor and a laser range finder are selected as the primary sensors to build the map. GPS are used to give absolute position estimation. Two different kinds of map representations are covered. These two are created by either the feature based mapping method or by the grid based method. The grid based method is chosen as the method used for our solution. A simple implementation of this method is done and this illustrates that it is possible to create a map of an unknown environment but that the global resolution of the map depends on the accuracy of the position estimation of the GPS. This report also covers different circumstances and characteristics that are found in indoor respectively outdoor environment and what problems these could cause for map building. Autonom kartframställning i en utomhusmiljö Sammanfattning Denna rapport är en studie av problemet med att skapa en karta av en utomhusomgivning med hjälp av ett självgående intelligent fordon, även kallat ett autonomt system. De delar som karaktäriserar ett autonomt system diskuteras. Dessutom diskuteras hur ett fordon bör utrustas om det skall kunna generera en karta av omgivningen. En odometrisensor samt laseravståndsmätning väljs som de huvudsakliga sensorer som skall användas för att mäta upp kartan. Försök med GPS har utförts för att ge fordonets absoluta position. Två olika karttyper som grund för metoden gås igenom, dessa skapas med en featurebaserad metod respektive en rutnätsbaserad metod. Den rutnätsbaserade metoden väljs som grund för lösningen. En enkel tillämpning med denna metod genomförs och visar att det är möjligt att skapa en karta av en omgivning men att den globala noggrannheten begränsas av den absoluta positionsangivelse vi kan få från GPSsystemet. I rapporten diskuteras även olika förutsättningar som skiljer utomhusoch inomhusmiljöer samt vilka svårigheter dessa olikheter kan vålla.
A Model for Fuzzy Logic Based Machine Learning Approach for Spam Filtering

It is definitely impossible to say, who was that first person to come up with the simple idea of sending out a public announcement to millions of people, and then at least one person will react to it no matter what is the proposal. E-mail provides a perfect way to send these millions of advertisements without any for a sender, and this fortunate fact is nowadays extensively exploited by several organizations. As a result, the e-mail boxes of millions of people get cluttered with all these so-called Unsolicited Bulk E-mail (UBE) also known as "spam" or "junk mail". E-mail spam, is a subset of electronic spam involving nearly identical messages sent to numerous recipients through e-mail. Definitions of spam usually include the aspects that e-mail is unsolicited and sent in bulk. Another subset of UBE is UCE (Unsolicited Commercial E-mail). The opposite of "spam", e- mail which one wants, is called "ham", usually when referring to a message's automated analysis (such as Bayesian filtering). Machine learning techniques now days are used to automatically filter the spam e-mail in a very successful and efficient way. In this paper we consider some of the machine learning methods such as Naive Bayes, Artificial Neural Networks, Artificial Immune System Classifier methods, and fuzzy logic.