Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Coupling‐Constitution Fallacy

In the face of both common sense and contemporary science, an increasing number of philosophers and psychologists have found themselves attracted to the view that, in ordinary tool use, we have instances in which cognitive processes span the cranial boundary and extend into extracranial space. As Daniel Dennett puts it, " minds are composed of tools for thinking that we not only obtain from the wider (social) world, but largely leave in the world, instead of cluttering up our brains with them " (Dennett, 2000, p. 21, italics in original). According to this kind of environmentalized cognition, when a student takes notes in class, the student literally commits information to memory. When someone uses pencil and paper to compute large sums, cognitive processes extend into the pencil and paper themselves. Fans of environmentalized cognition differ among themselves about just what types of tool use bring about the extension of the cognitive into the extracranial world. So, where some may wish to maintain that all brain-tool couplings will let the cognitive enter the artifactual, others restrict the view to only certain species of brain-tool couplings. 1 Be these refinements as they may, all fans of environmentalized cognition have enthusiastically embraced what they recognize to be a radical departure from
Escape analysis for JavaTM: Theory and practice

Escape analysis is a static analysis that determines whether the lifetime of data may exceed its static scope.This paper first presents the design and correctness proof of an escape analysis for JavaTM. This analysis is interprocedural, context sensitive, and as flow-sensitive as the static single assignment form. So, assignments to object fields are analyzed in a flow-insensitive manner. Since Java is an imperative language, the effect of assignments must be precisely determined. This goal is achieved thanks to our technique using two interdependent analyses, one forward, one backward. We introduce a new method to prove the correctness of this analysis, using aliases as an intermediate step. We use integers to represent the escaping parts of values, which leads to a fast and precise analysis.Our implementation [Blanchet 1999], which applies to the whole Java language, is then presented. Escape analysis is applied to stack allocation and synchronization elimination. In our benchmarks, we stack allocate 13% to 95% of data, eliminate more than 20% of synchronizations on most programs (94% and 99% on two examples) and get up to 43% runtime decrease (21% on average). Our detailed experimental study on large programs shows that the improvement comes more from the decrease of the garbage collection and allocation times than from improvements on data locality, contrary to what happened for ML. This comes from the difference in the garbage collectors.
On quantitative dynamic data flow tracking

We present a non-probabilistic model for dynamic quantitative data flow tracking. Estimations of the amount of data stored in a particular representation at runtime - a file, a window, a network packet - enable the adoption of fine-grained policies which authorize or prohibit partial leaks of data. We prove the correctness of the estimations, provide an implementation that we evaluate w.r. t. precision and performance, and analyze one instantiation at the OS level.
Data alignment with non-stationary shaping filters

Cross-correlation provides a method of calculating a static shift between two datasets. By cross-correlating patches of data, I can calculate a “warp function” that dynamically aligns the two datasets. By exploiting the link between cross-correlation and shaping filters, I calculate warp functions in a more general way, leveraging the full machinery of geophysical estimation. I compare warp functions, derived by the two methods, for simple one and two-dimensional applications. For the one-dimensional well-tie example, shaping filters gave significantly improved results; however, for the two dimensional residual migration example, the cross-correlation technique gave the better results. I also explain how the helical transform allows the problem of finding a shaping filter to be formulated as an auto-regression.
Correlation Analysis of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory and Distress Network in Chronic Tinnitus: An EEG Study

Introduction: Tinnitus is a common disorder with a considerable amount of distress that affects the patient‘s daily life. No objective tools were approved for measuring tinnitus distress. It can be estimated only by subjective scales and questionnaires, albeit, the Electroencephalography (EEG) studies have reported some alterations regarding tinnitus distress network. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and the recorded EEG data. Methods: A total of 33 chronic tinnitus cases (9 females) with the mean age of 42.67 years were recruited. Their THI scores were collected, and a 3-minute EEG recorded with eye closed at resting-state. The correlation analysis was performed on THI scores and the current density in the selected Region of Interests (ROIs) concerning the distress network for the eight frequency bands. The patients grouped depending on the THI cutoff point of 56 into low and high THI groups, and then the groups were compared for source analysis and functional connectivity between ROIs using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography. Results: A significant positive correlation was seen between THI scores and the electrical activity in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC), the prefrontal cortex, and the parahippocampus for an alpha band (P<0.05) and in the ACC for beta (P<0.01). Source analysis showed significant differences with increased activity in the high THI group for alpha, beta and gamma bands. Functional connectivity was also elevated in the high THI group between the ROIs in alpha and beta bands. Conclusion: THI can be a useful tool for measuring tinnitus distress, and it has a high correlation with EEG data.
Social-EQ: Crowdsourcing an Equalization Descriptor Map

We seek to simplify audio production interfaces (such as those for equalization) by letting users communicate their audio production objectives with descriptive language (e.g. “Make the violin sound ‘warmer.’”). To achieve this goal, a system must be able to tell whether the stated goal is appropriate for the selected tool (e.g. making the violin “warmer” with a panning tool does not make sense). If the goal is appropriate for the tool, it must know what actions need to be taken. Further, the tool should not impose a vocabulary on users, but rather understand the vocabulary users prefer. In this work, we describe SocialEQ, a webbased project for learning a vocabulary of actionable audio equalization descriptors. Since deployment, SocialEQ has learned 324 distinct words in 731 learning sessions. Data on these terms is made available for download. We examine terms users have provided, exploring which ones map well to equalization, which ones have broadly-agreed upon meaning, which term have meanings specific small groups, and which terms are synonymous.
Optimal Quaternary Constant-Weight Codes With Weight Four and Distance Five

Constant-weight codes play an important role in coding theory. The problem of determining the sizes for optimal quaternary constant-weight codes with length <i>n</i>, weight 4, and minimum Hamming distance 5 ( (<i>n</i>,5,4)<sub>4</sub> codes) has been investigated in several papers. Although some constructions and several infinite families for such codes with length <i>n</i> ≡ 0,1 mod 4 have been given, the problem is still far from complete. In this paper, we determine the size of an optimal (<i>n</i>,5,4)<sub>4</sub> code for each integer <i>n</i> ≥ 4 leaving 55 lengths unsolved. Especially, for length <i>n</i> ≡ 0,1 mod 4, the existence problem of the equivalent combinatorial object, namely the generalized Steiner system, is solved leaving only seven values undetermined.
Analysis and Design of a Foam-Cladded PMF Link With Phase Tuning in 28-nm CMOS

This paper presents a fully packaged 140-GHz dielectric waveguide (DWG) communication link using a foam-cladded fiber. A novel frequency shift keying (FSK) demodulator topology is proposed with a low-frequency feedback loop for optimal FSK demodulation under process, voltage, and temperature variation. The introduction of phase shifters and an on-chip local oscillator relaxes the design requirements and the IF-stage benefits from larger gain. The transmitter is based on a fundamental oscillator at 140 GHz with a transformer-coupled buffer to decrease capacitive loading. Both chips are implemented in a 28-nm bulk CMOS design with a nominal supply of 0.9 V and a combined power consumption of 230 mW. An analysis of the DWG data capacity limitations is presented and compared with measurement results. Data rates of 12 Gb/s/10 Gb/s/7 Gb/s over 1 m/2 m/4 m of touchable polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fiber are achieved.
LED Multispectral Imaging: Reconstruction of Reflectance Spectra

When we take photos with digital cameras and view them on display devices (such as LCD monitors), we want it to be an accurate representation of the original scene. However, the camera only gives us a limited set of data that does not allow for a very accurate reconstruction of the image. We can see this by comparing the data that the camera captures with the true information that is available in a scene. A digital camera records only three values for each point (pixel) in the image: a red channel value, a blue channel value, and a green channel value. However, at every point there is actually a smooth curve of spectral reflectance spanning across wavelengths. Additionally, the information that a camera captures from a scene depends on the illuminant and the particular characteristics of a camera's sensors, among other factors. With only three numbers for each pixel, a digital camera does not accurately capture the original properties of the scene.
Genetically Engineered Underdominance for Manipulation of Pest Populations: A Deterministic Model

We theoretically investigate the potential for introgressing a desired engineered gene into a pest population by linking the desired gene to DNA constructs that exhibit underdominance properties. Our deterministic model includes two independently segregating engineered constructs that both carry a lethal gene, but suppress each other. Only genotypes containing both or neither construct are viable. Both constructs also carry the desired gene with an independent regulatory mechanism. We examine the minimal number of individuals of an engineered strain that must be released into a natural population to successfully introgress the desired gene. We compare results for strains carrying single and multiple insertions of the constructs. When there are no fitness costs associated with the inserted constructs (when the lethal sequences are not expressed), the number of individuals that must be released decreases as the number of insertions in the genome of the released strain increases. As fitness costs increase, the number of individuals that must be released increases at a greater rate for release strains with more insertions. Under specific conditions this results in the strain with only a single insertion of each construct being the most efficient for introgressing the desired gene. We discuss practical implications of our findings.
We Have Come So Far, Yet We Have a Ways to Go: Commentary on Agran et al. (2018)

Some of us in special education can trace our careers back before the passage of Public Law 94-142, the Federal law that precipitated much of the progress that has been made in both research and community life for persons with severe disabilities. Some of us remember pre–94-142 services—church basements for schools, institutions for living, and lives of seclusion and isolation that extended from birth to death for many persons with severe disabilities. In light of this starting point, the progress we have made, and which is reported in Agran et al. (2018, this issue), is astonishing. Whether it is in increasing society’s responsiveness to civil rights, in the development and validation of evidence-based instruction and support practices, or in recognizing and ameliorating discrepancies between actual versus desirable practices, this body of research has provided us with direction, defining next steps for us as we continue forward on this remarkable journey. Agran et al. (2018) note that the idea for their article emerged during a research colloquium, which occurred at the 2016 annual meeting of TASH (Agran, 2016). As noted by the authors, the intent of the article, such as that of the colloquium, was not to offer a comprehensive review of the field’s research but rather to detail progress in specific research areas, those which seemed to be especially important for the field. The Agran et al. (2018) article begins with inclusion, followed by discussions of teaching academic skills, family support, addressing severe challenging behavior, supported employment, and voting rights. This commentary explores the findings and implications of the different sections of the Agran et al. (2018) article in reverse order. Employing the concept of civic responsibility—performing the duties and meeting the expectations of citizenship in a democratic society—I will demonstrate how conceptions of civic responsibility can inform life span research with people who have severe disabilities, and provide a context for how consumers view and interpret this research. Because voting and employment are aspects of civic responsibility in adulthood, research in these areas will be discussed first. Civic responsibility also includes contributing to the life of the family across the life span, so this research will be considered next. And, civic responsibility requires us to respect our fellow citizens, and to honor their safety needs, which brings us to research addressing challenging behavior. Schools, of course, are where we learn many essentials of our cultural heritage, along with important rules of social living that define civic responsibility; hence, research on academic instruction and school inclusion are examined last. In my conclusion, I will use the theme of context to argue that the next phase of our research must be to expand our inquiries across a larger landscape of natural settings.
Genomewide association study of ionomic traits on diverse soybean populations from germplasm collections

The elemental content of a soybean seed is a determined by both genetic and environmental factors and is an important component of its nutritional value. The elemental content is chemically stable, making the samples stored in germplasm repositories an intriguing source of experimental material. To test the efficacy of using samples from germplasm banks for gene discovery, we analyzed the elemental profile of seeds from 1653 lines in the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection. We observed large differences in the elemental profiles based on where the lines were grown, which lead us to break up the genetic analysis into multiple small experiments. Despite these challenges, we were able to identify candidate SNPs controlling elemental accumulation as well as lines with extreme elemental accumulation phenotypes. Our results suggest that elemental analysis of germplasm samples can identify SNPs in linkage disequilibrium to genes, which can be leveraged to assist in crop improvement efforts.
Automatic Airport Recognition Based on Saliency Detection and Semantic Information

Effectively identifying an airport from satellite and aerial imagery is a challenging task. Traditional methods mainly focus on the use of multiple features for the detection of runways and some also adapt knowledge of airports, but the results are unsatisfactory and the usage limited. A new method is proposed to recognize airports from high-resolution optical images. This method involves the analysis of the saliency distribution and the use of fuzzy rule-based classification. First, a number of images with and without airports are segmented into multiple scales to obtain a saliency distribution map that best highlights the saliency distinction between airports and other objects. Then, on the basis of the segmentation result and the structural information of airports, we analyze the segmentation result to extract and represent the semantic information of each image via the bag-of-visual-words (BOVW) model. The image correlation degree is combined with the BOVW model and fractal dimension calculation to make a more complete description of the airports and to carry out preliminary classification. Finally, the support vector machine (SVM) is adopted for detailed classification to classify the remaining imagery. The experiment shows that the proposed method achieves a precision of 89.47% and a recall of 90.67% and performs better than other state of the art methods on precision and recall.
Promising Inhibitory Effects of Anthraquinones, Naphthopyrone, and Naphthalene Glycosides, from Cassia obtusifolia on α-Glucosidase and Human Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases 1B

The present work aims to evaluate the anti-diabetic potentials of 16 anthraquinones, two naphthopyrone glycosides, and one naphthalene glycoside from Cassia obtusifolia via inhibition against the protein tyrosine phosphatases 1B (PTP1B) and α-glucosidase. Among them, anthraquinones emodin and alaternin exhibited the highest inhibitory activities on PTP1B and α-glucosidase, respectively. Moreover, we examined the effects of alaternin and emodin on stimulation of glucose uptake by insulin-resistant human HepG2 cells. The results showed that alaternin and emodin significantly increased the insulin-provoked glucose uptake. In addition, our kinetic study revealed that alaternin competitively inhibited PTP1B, and showed mixed-type inhibition against α-glucosidase. In order to confirm enzyme inhibition, we predicted the 3D structure of PTP1B using Autodock 4.2 to simulate the binding of alaternin. The docking simulation results demonstrated that four residues of PTP1B (Gly183, Arg221, Ile219, Gly220) interact with three hydroxyl groups of alaternin and that the binding energy was negative (−6.30 kcal/mol), indicating that the four hydrogen bonds stabilize the open form of the enzyme and potentiate tight binding of the active site of PTP1B, resulting in more effective PTP1B inhibition. The results of the present study clearly demonstrate that C. obtusifolia and its constituents have potential anti-diabetic activity and can be used as a functional food for the treatment of diabetes and associated complications.
Intranet Security using Attribute Certificates under the Privilege Management Infrastructure

In the computerized organizations, the public key infrastructure (PKI) certifications enforce authentication services providing stronger security. The PKI provides a framework to verify the identity of each entity in a given domain. The PKI framework includes mechanisms of requesting, issuing, signing, and validating public-key certificates. The privilege management infrastructure (PMI) framework determines whether the entity is authorized to access specific resources. It includes the issuance and validation of attribute certificates. Public-key certificates are certificates for trusting public-key, while attribute certificates are certificates for trusting privilege attribute. In the practical cases, when the system identifies a user's identity, it allocates the right permissions to the resources to the user according to the roles he/she played. This permission control mechanism is called the role-based access control (RBAC). This paper addresses an efficient privilege management mechanism, based on PMI and RBAC, to achieve the information security objectives of non-repudiation, integrity, and security. A security model is built to solve problems of privilege management and duty delegation.
Applying the FINC (Force, Intelligence, Networking and C2) Methodology to the Land Environment

Abstract : In this paper we re-examine the FINC (Force, Intelligence, Networking and C2) methodology for analyzing C4ISR architectures, studying its applicability to hierarchical organizational structures in the Land environment. For this study we utilize a search-and-maneuver experimental scenario, implemented using an agent-based simulation written in Java. The FINC methodology allows the calculation of three metrics or coefficients for every C4ISR architecture: the information flow coefficient, the coordination coefficient, and the intelligence coefficient. Cur experiment shows that the FINC intelligence coefficient alone was able to predict 95% of the variance in performance. Consequently, the intelligence coefficient can be used to compare C4ISR architectures, and predict with moderate accuracy which one will give the best performance. A brief study of some US Civil War battles confirms the usefulness of the intelligence coefficient.
The Profile of Students' Lesson Plans in Instructional Design Class

Four competences that must be possessed by teachers are professional, pedagogical, ethics, and social competences. Related to pedagogical competences, English Education Study Program of Unesa has a subject to support the professionalism of students who will be a teacher, that is Instructional Design. It is a compulsory subject which aims at enabling the students to design effective lesson plan Due to the above reason, therefore, this research-based paper is further going to describe students’ lesson plans in terms of the structure of lesson plan components as stated in Government Decree (Permendikbud) No. 22/2016 and the appropriateness of those components elaboration. It is a descriptive qualitative study whose data were taken from the students’ lesson plans in Instructional Design Class. The result of the research shows that almost all students’ lesson plans in Instructional Design Class have fulfilled all the components of lesson plans as stated in Government Decree (Permendikbud) No. 22/2016. While in terms of the elaboration of each lesson plan component, some components still need revisions, they are media development, the relevance of teaching technique with its teaching-learning process, and assessment development. Therefore, it is suggested that the lecturers should pay more attention to students’ ability in comprehending such subjects as Teaching and Learning Media, ELT Methods, and Assessment. Keywords— lesson plan; pedagogy competence
Multiview Browsing and Visualization of Distributed Information

Nowadays, we regularly produce huge amounts of digital data. This is strongly encouraged by a growing range of available devices and platforms. Once created, these data are often stored locally on a particular device or remotely on a proprietary platform. Information is inevitably dispersed, and this prevents sharing and pooling of that knowledge. This situation is particularly critical in the scientific research area, where it is necessary and important to have a full view, an easy access and a possible sharing of information. We propose a new visualization platform, NAVIR, which is based on an ontological model of scientific conference, offering users the ability to explore the information content by taking advantage of the ontology's strengths (relationships, properties, inference, etc.). This platform aims to integrate all the heterogeneous and distributed information, offering a visualization interface that meets users needs. A prototype validating our approach is presented in this paper.