Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isoform-Specific Upregulation of Palladin in Human and Murine Pancreas Tumors

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a lethal disease with a characteristic pattern of early metastasis, which is driving a search for biomarkers that can be used to detect the cancer at an early stage. Recently, the actin-associated protein palladin was identified as a candidate biomarker when it was shown that palladin is mutated in a rare inherited form of PDA, and overexpressed in many sporadic pancreas tumors and premalignant precursors. In this study, we analyzed the expression of palladin isoforms in murine and human PDA and explored palladin's potential use in diagnosing PDA. We performed immunohistochemistry and immunoblot analyses on patient samples and tumor-derived cells using an isoform-selective monoclonal antibody and a pan-palladin polyclonal antibody. Immunoblot and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR were used to quantify palladin mRNA levels in human samples. We show that there are two major palladin isoforms expressed in pancreas: 65 and 85–90 kDa. The 65 kDa isoform is expressed in both normal and neoplastic ductal epithelial cells. The 85–90 kDa palladin isoform is highly overexpressed in tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) in both primary and metastatic tumors compared to normal pancreas, in samples obtained from either human patients or genetically engineered mice. In tumor-derived cultured cells, expression of palladin isoforms follows cell-type specific patterns, with the 85–90 kDa isoform in TAFs, and the 65 kDa isoform predominating in normal and neoplastic epithelial cells. These results suggest that upregulation of 85–90 kDa palladin isoform may play a role in the establishment of the TAF phenotype, and thus in the formation of a desmoplastic tumor microenvironment. Thus, palladin may have a potential use in the early diagnosis of PDA and may have much broader significance in understanding metastatic behavior.
Dealing with label switching in mixture models

In a Bayesian analysis of finite mixture models, parameter estimation and clustering are sometimes less straightforward than might be expected. In particular, the common practice of estimating parameters by their posterior mean, and summarizing joint posterior distributions by marginal distributions, often leads to nonsensical answers. This is due to the so‐called ‘label switching’ problem, which is caused by symmetry in the likelihood of the model parameters. A frequent response to this problem is to remove the symmetry by using artificial identifiability constraints. We demonstrate that this fails in general to solve the problem, and we describe an alternative class of approaches, relabelling algorithms, which arise from attempting to minimize the posterior expected loss under a class of loss functions. We describe in detail one particularly simple and general relabelling algorithm and illustrate its success in dealing with the label switching problem on two examples.
Determinación de las propiedades mecánicas y mecanismos de fractura de electrolitos soportados de YSZ y GDC mediante ensayos de indentación instrumentada

El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar las propiedades mecanicas, asi como los diferentes mecanismos de fractura activados mediante ensayos de indentacion instrumentada, de electrolitos basados en circona estabilizada con itria (“yttria stabilized zirconia”,YSZ) y ceria dopada con gadolinia (“gadolinia doped ceria”, GDC), para pilas de combustible de oxido solido, SOFCs. Ambos materiales, con un espesor final de 200 μm, se conformaron mediante prensado uniaxial a 500 MPa y se sinterizaron a 1400oC. Propiedades mecanicas tales como la dureza (H) y el modulo de Young (E) han sido estudiadas a diferentes profundidades de penetracion utilizando el algoritmo de Oliver y Pharr. La activacion de los diferentes mecanismos de fractura, a una profundidad de penetracion constante de 500 nm, se ha realizado mediante la tecnica de indentacion instrumentada, usando un indentador Berkovich de diamante. Las diferentes huellas residuales han sido visualizadas mediante microscopia de fuerzas atomicas (AFM). Se ha podido observar que tanto H como E para los electrolitos de YSZ son mayores que para el caso de los electrolitos de GDC. Esta diferencia se atribuye a los diferentes mecanismos de fractura inducidos mediante los ensayos de indentacion. Se ha observado que los electrolitos de YSZ presentan dos mecanismos de fractura, tanto trans- como intergranular, dependiendo de si la indentacion residual se realiza en el limite o en el centro del grano, respectivamente. Sin embargo, los electrolitos de GDC presentan la generacion de microgrietas radicales en los vertices de la indentacion, produciendo mecanismos de desconchamiento en la zona colindante a la indentacion.
Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Eptifibatide in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes: Prospective Analysis From PURSUIT

Background— Platelet deposition and aggregation are central to the pathogenesis of ischemic complications of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Pharmacodynamic effects of the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist eptifibatide have been delineated in healthy subjects but not in patients with ACS. We assessed effects of eptifibatide on ex vivo platelet aggregation in patients enrolled in the Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in Unstable angina: Receptor Suppression Using Integrilin (eptifibatide) Therapy (PURSUIT) trial of ACS. Methods and Results— Patients were randomly assigned to an intravenous bolus (180 &mgr;g/kg) and 72-hour infusion of eptifibatide (2.0 &mgr;g/kg per minute, n=48) or placebo (n=50). We assessed correlations of plasma eptifibatide levels with receptor occupancy and inhibition of ex vivo platelet aggregation at 5 minutes and 1, 4, 24, 48, and 72 hours during treatment and 4 and 8 hours after termination of infusion. Blood was collected in buffered citrate and d-phenylalanyl-l-prolyl-l-arginine chloromethylketone anticoagulants. Although eptifibatide produced profound, prolonged inhibition of platelet aggregation during therapy, aggregation appeared to recover partially by 4 hours after the bolus. The aggregation response was greater with thrombin receptor agonist peptide versus ADP stimulation; inhibition of platelet aggregation was greater in blood samples anticoagulated with citrate versus d-phenylalanyl-l-prolyl-l-arginine chloromethylketone (PPACK). Plasma eptifibatide levels correlated significantly with receptor occupancy but not with inhibition of platelet aggregation. Conclusions— A bolus and infusion of eptifibatide inhibits platelet aggregation profoundly in patients with ACS and is followed by brief, partial recovery. These results enhance our understanding of the relation between pharmacodynamic and clinical effects of eptifibatide in such patients and may have important implications for its use in percutaneous interventions.
Optimization study on active layers and optical performance for 1.3-μm AlGaInAs and InGaNAs semiconductor lasers

The 1.3-μm semiconductor material systems are numerically studied with a LASTIP simulation program. The optimum active layer materials of AlGaInAs/InP and InGaNAs/GaAs system are suggested. For the AlGaInAs/InP system, we optimize the structure by varying the number of quantum wells, the linear GRINSCH, and the compensated tensile strain in barriers. The optimized active structure possesses four quantum wells, linear GRINSCH, and a compensated tensile strain in the barrier of 0.325% at an emission wavelength of 1.3 μm. The characteristic temperature can be improved to 99.4K, 51.0K, and 68.6K as it is operating among 288K~318K, 318K~348K, and 288K~348K respectively. Furthermore, the optimized structure can also enhance the stimulated recombination rate and reduce the Auger recombination rate because of the compensated tensile strain in barriers. The simulation results show that the active layer with a certain amount of compensated tensile strain in barriers is beneficial for improving the laser performance. On the other hand, the performance of the InGaNAs/GaAs lasers with quantum wells of different compressive strains is investigated. The wavelength of InGaNAs/GaAs system is about 1.3 μm if the Ga composition in quantum wells is 0.54. The results of numerical simulation suggest that the stimulated recombination rate is larger and the Auger recombination rate is smaller when the Ga composition in quantum well is 0.50.
2 Online update equations for the minimum point of f̂ t

Lemma 1. If ρ = 0, thenMt = M0 + M′t (∀t ≥ 1). Whenρ > 0, thenMt = M ′ t (∀t ≥ 1). Proof. 1. Caseρ = 0: Sinceγt = 1 (∀t ≥ 1), thusMt = M0 + ∑t i=1 Ni. We also have that ( i t 0 = 1 (∀i ≥ 1), and thereforeM′t = ∑t i=1 Ni, which completes the proof. 2. Caseρ > 0: The proof proceeds by induction. • t = 1: In this caseγ1 = 0, M1 = 0 × M0 + N1 = N1 andM′1 = N1, which proves that M1 = M ′ 1. • t > 1: Using the definitions of Mt andM ′ t, and exploiting the fact that Mt−1 = M ′ t−1 by induction, after some calculation we have that:
Temporal registration of 2D x-ray mammogram using triangular B-splines finite element method (TBFEM)

In this paper we develop a novel image processing technique to register two dimensional temporal mammograms for effective diagnosis and therapy. Our registration framework is founded upon triangular B-spline finite element method (TBFEM). In contrast to tensor-product B-splines, which is widely used in medical imaging, triangular B-splines are much more powerful, associated with many desirable advantages for image registration, such as flexible triangular domain, local control, space-varying smoothness, and sharp feature modeling. Empowered by the rigorous theory of triangular B-splines, our method can explicitly model the transformation between temporal mammogram pairs over irregular region of interest(ROI), using a collection of triangular B-splines. In addition, it is also capable of describing C0 continuous deformation at the interfaces between different elastic tissues, while the overall displacement field is smooth. Our registration process consists of two steps: 1) The template image is first nonlinearly deformed using TBFEM model, subject to pre-segmented feature constraints; 2) The deformed template image is further perturbed by applying pseudo image forces, aiming to reducing intensity-based discrepancies. The proposed registration framework has been tested extensively on practical clinical data, and the experimental results demonstrates that the registration accuracy is improved comparing to using conventional FEMs. Besides, the modeling of local C0 continuities of the displacement field helps to further increase the registration quality considerably.
Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) broadband compensating phase shifter

In this paper, a broadband compensating phase shifter is presented based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. The SIW is a dispersive guided-wave structure, but the phase shifts generated by two different structures (the delay line and the equal-length unequal-width phase shifter) have just reverse varying tendencies versus frequency. Thus, the complementing combination of them will make phase shift almost constant over a wide band. Detailed design equations are given following a mathematical analysis. The limitation of variation of SIW width and the tolerance issue are investigated as well. As an example, a 90° compensating phase shifter is designed on a single-layer substrate with normal PCB process at the center frequency of 30 GHz. The amplitude imbalance between the two paths is within 0.2 dB while the phase error is less than 2.5° over the frequency band from 25.1125 to 39.75 GHz, or around 49% relative bandwidth. The return loss is found to be better than 12 dB over the whole frequency band. Measured and simulated results of the proposed structure are in a good agreement. This type of SIW phase shifter is superior to all of its counterparts and increases the relative bandwidth of early designs about five times.
On zeros of Martin-Löf random Brownian motion

We investigate the sample path properties of Martin-Lof random Brownian motion. We show (1) that many classical results which are known to hold almost surely hold for every Martin-Lof random Brownian path, (2) that the effective dimension of zeroes of a Martin-Lof random Brownian path must be at least 1/2, and conversely that every real with effective dimension greater than 1/2 must be a zero of some Martin-Lof random Brownian path, and (3) we will demonstrate a new proof that the solution to the Dirichlet problem in the plane is computable.
The Application of Image Retrieval Technology based on Visual Features in Agricultural Informatization

At present, the agriculture images are increasing greatly day by day. It becomes increasingly difficult for users to find out the desired images. Building the database to store images and realizing the automatic retrieval of images is very important in agriculture field. Based on the study of visual feature retrieval technology of images, this article puts forward a new retrieval algorithm using color, texture and shape features according to the characteristics of crop image database. The retrieval accuracy rate has been improved greatly and by reasonably setting the feature library, the retrieval efficiency is greatly improved. An experimental system is constructed through programming. We establish a relatively complete test database for crop images and generic image database, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed re- trieval algorithm. Finally, the retrieval performance using different features is evaluated and compared, and the problems and future works are analyzed.
Complete Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lytic Bacteriophage PA1Ø Which Resembles Temperate Bacteriophage D3112

ABSTRACT A novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa lytic bacteriophage (phage), PA1Ø, was isolated, and its genome was sequenced completely. This phage is able to lyse not only P. aeruginosa but also Staphylococcus aureus. Genome analysis of PA1Ø showed that it is similar to a P. aeruginosa temperate phage, D3112, with the exception of the absence of a c repressor-encoding gene, which is known to play a critical role in the maintenance of the lysogenic state of D3112 in P. aeruginosa.
Methyl 5-(2-bromoacetyl)-2-propoxybenzoate

The title compound, C13H15BrO4, was synthesized from methyl 5-acetyl-2-hydroxybenzoate. With the exception of the ester group and some H atoms, the molecule is planar, the average deviation from planarity being 0.086 (5) Å. The dihedral angle between the phenyl ring and the ester group is 41.6 (3)°. Adjacent molecules are interconnected by C—H⋯O bonds, generating a layered structure.
Robust localization and tracking of multiple speakers in real environments for binaural robot audition

This paper presents a multisource sound localization method based on the generalized cross-correlation (GCC) method weighted by the phase transform (PHAT) and a novel multisource speech tracking method consisting of voice activity detection (VAD) and K-means clustering algorithm for binaural robot audition. The standard K-means clustering algorithm was improved for the purpose of multisource speech tracking by adding two additional steps. Experiments conducted on the SIG-2 humanoid robot in a real environment show that our method can track multiple speakers in real-time with tracking error below 4.35°.
Real-time cell analysis of cytotoxicity of orthodontic cements on gingival fibroblasts

Introduction: To evaluate the cytotoxicity of four different orthodontic cement materials using the real-time xCELLigence system. Materials and Methods: Four orthodontic glass ionomer cements (GICs) were selected for this study, namely: GC Fuji (GC Cooperation), Ultra Band Lok (Reliance), Multi Cure (3M Unitek), and Meron (Voco). Ten test cylinders (measuring 5 Χ 2 mm) of each material were fabricated, making a total of 40 cylinders. The samples were incubated in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium (DMEM) culture medium for 72 hours. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were maintained with DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum. A real-time cell analyzer (RT-CES, xCELLigence) was used to evaluate cell survival. After seeding 200 μL of the cell suspensions into the wells (10,000 cells/well), gingival fibroblasts were treated with bioactive components released from cement materials and were monitored every 15 minutes for a period of 88 hours. For proliferation experiments, the statistical analyses used were one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons tests. Results: When the data were evaluated at 24 and 48 hrs, all tested materials showed statistically significant decreases in HGF cell index compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, all tested cements were found to have cytotoxic effects to the HGFs.
Gadobenate Dimeglumine as a Contrast Agent for Dynamic Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Effect of Higher Initial Enhancement Thresholds on Diagnostic Performance

Rationale and Objective:Gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA), a high-relaxivity contrast agent, has been recently proposed for dynamic MR imaging of the breast. The objective of this study was to optimize the diagnostic performance of Gd-BOPTA-enhanced dynamic breast MR imaging by using adjusted initial enhancement thresholds. Methods:Thirty-four patients with 36 breast lesions (malignant/benign = 28/8) underwent dynamic breast MRI with 0.1 mmol/kg Gd-BOPTA and 120-second time resolution. A score system based on shape (round/oval/lobular = 0; linear/dendritic/stellate = 1), margins (defined = 0; undefined = 1), pattern (homogeneous = 0; inhomogeneous = 1; rim = 2), kinetics (continuous = 0; plateau = 1; washout = 2), and initial enhancement was used. Initial enhancement was determined with standard (<50% = 0; 50%–100% = 1; >100% = 2) and adjusted (<100% = 0; 100%–240% = 1; >240% = 2) thresholds. Scores of 0 to 3 indicated benign lesions and scores of 4 to 8 malignant lesions. Diagnostic performance was assessed in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and overall accuracy. Results:The initial enhancement was >100% for 26 malignant and 7 benign lesions and >240% for 16 and 1 lesions, respectively. The overall score was 5.89 ± 1.34 with standard thresholds and 5.50 ± 1.53 with adjusted thresholds (P = 0.003) for cancers, 4.00 ± 1.93 and 3.25 ± 1.75 (P = 0.028) for benign lesions, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy was 96%, 13%, 79%, 50%, and 78%, respectively, with standard thresholds and 96%, 75%, 93%, 86%, and 92%, respectively, with adjusted thresholds. A ductal carcinoma in situ was false negative whereas a fat necrosis and a papilloma were false positive with both thresholds. Three fibroadenomas, 1 adenosis, and 1 fibrosis were false positive with standard thresholds but true negatives with adjusted thresholds. Conclusions:Lesion characterization with Gd-BOPTA requires higher thresholds for initial enhancement than those used with conventional Gd-chelates, leading to improved specificity, predictive values, and accuracy.
Full Bayesian network classifiers

The structure of a Bayesian network (BN) encodes variable independence. Learning the structure of a BN, however, is typically of high computational complexity. In this paper, we explore and represent variable independence in learning conditional probability tables (CPTs), instead of in learning structure. A full Bayesian network is used as the structure and a decision tree is learned for each CPT. The resulting model is called full Bayesian network classifiers (FBCs). In learning an FBC, learning the decision trees for CPTs captures essentially both variable independence and context-specific independence. We present a novel, efficient decision tree learning, which is also effective in the context of FBC learning. In our experiments, the FBC learning algorithm demonstrates better performance in both classification and ranking compared with other state-of-the-art learning algorithms. In addition, its reduced effort on structure learning makes its time complexity quite low as well.
Numerical analysis of deformation of a beam with thin piezoelectric actuators partially debonded and buckling

Deformation of a cantilever beam having thin piezoelectric actuators partially debonded and buckling is analyzed by using a linear mathematical model based on the Timoshenko beam theory. Effects of location and size of the debonding are investigated for passive and active extension and bending. The buckling of the actuators is considered by applying a constant force equal to the buckling load at the boundary between the debonded and the bonded regions. When the actuators are debonded at their edges, only the bonded regions contribute to the deformation of the beam but the debonded regions do not contribute at all. When the actuators are debonded in the middle, both the ends of which are keeping bonded, their performances are almost the same as those for perfectly bonded actuators irrespective of the location and size of the debonded region before the debonded region buckles. However, after it buckles, the performance deteriorates depending on the distance from the clamp and the size of the debonded region.
GFP fluorescence reports Period 1 circadian gene regulation in the mammalian biological clock

&NA; Endogenous cyclic activation of a specific set of genes, including Period 1 (Per1), drive circadian rhythms in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a biological clock nucleus of the brain. We have produced transgenic mice in which a degradable form of recombinant jellyfish green fluorescent protein (GFP) is driven by the mouse Period 1 (mPer1) gene promoter. GFP protein is expressed in the circadian neural structures of the retina and SCN. Fluorescent signals are resolved at the level of individual neurons. mPer1‐driven GFP fluorescence intensity reports light‐induction and circadian rhythmicity in SCN neurons. This circadian reporter transgene captures the gene expression dynamics of living biological clock neurons and ensembles, providing a novel view of this brain function.