Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
University Examination Timetabling using Genetic Algorithm

The scheduling of examinations in universities or institutions is known to be a highly constrained combinatorial optimization problem. Generally it is done manually or with the limited help of a simple administration system and it usually involves, taking the previous year's timetable and modifying that so it will work for the next year. But now a days most of good universities provide much greater flexibility to students for selecting courses as well as greater choices. So it is no longer good enough to use the previous year's timetable. There should be some automatic timetabling system, which creates timetable every year. In this paper we have presented a prototype system of university examination timetabling with the help of Genetic Algorithm.
Singing-Related Neural Activity Distinguishes Two Putative Pallidal Cell Types in the Songbird Basal Ganglia: Comparison to the Primate Internal and External Pallidal Segments

The songbird area X is a basal ganglia homolog that contains two pallidal cell types—local neurons that project within the basal ganglia and output neurons that project to the thalamus. Based on these projections, it has been proposed that these classes are structurally homologous to the primate external (GPe) and internal (GPi) pallidal segments. To test the hypothesis that the two area X pallidal types are functionally homologous to GPe and GPi neurons, we recorded from neurons in area X of singing juvenile male zebra finches, and directly compared their firing patterns to neurons recorded in the primate pallidus. In area X, we found two cell classes that exhibited high firing (HF) rates (>60 Hz) characteristic of pallidal neurons. HF-1 neurons, like most GPe neurons we examined, exhibited large firing rate modulations, including bursts and long pauses. In contrast, HF-2 neurons, like GPi neurons, discharged continuously without bursts or long pauses. To test whether HF-2 neurons were the output neurons that project to the thalamus, we next recorded directly from pallidal axon terminals in thalamic nucleus DLM, and found that all terminals exhibited singing-related firing patterns indistinguishable from HF-2 neurons. Our data show that singing-related neural activity distinguishes two putative pallidal cell types in area X: thalamus-projecting neurons that exhibit activity similar to the primate GPi, and non-thalamus-projecting neurons that exhibit activity similar to the primate GPe. These results suggest that song learning in birds and motor learning in mammals use conserved basal ganglia signaling strategies.
Applying Semantic Classes in Event Detection and Tracking

Event detection and tracking is a somewhat recent area of information retrieval research. The detection is about spotting new, previously unreported real-life events from online news-feed, while the tracking assigns documents to previously spotted events. We propose a new vector model consisting of four semantic classes from the documents: locations, proper names, temporal expressions and normal terms that are stored in designated subvectors. We also propose a new similarity measure based on utilizing semantic classes. Moreover, due to the vagueness of the concept of event, we run our experiments with several different definitions. In our experiments on a Finnish online news-stream corpus, we find that the use of semantic classes improves the performance significantly. Furthermore, the granularity by which the events are labeled influences the efficiency of the TDT tasks.
Psychological states and physical fates : studying the role of psychosocial stress in the etiology of cardiovascular disease: a nomotheric versus an idiographic approach

In this thesis we investigated the theory of allostatic load. This theory has two major hypotheses; 1) that repeated exposure to stress leads to 'wear and tear' of the systems that regulate the bodily response to stress, and 2) that "wear and tear" of these systems leads to disease. In summary, we did not find any relationship between exposure to stress and 'wear and tear' of the stress responsive systems. We did, however, find that cumulative exposure to stressful life-events or having negative emotions is related to an accelerated decrease in telomere length. Telomeres are capping the ends of chromosomes and shorten with each cell division. As a result, telomeres are becoming progressively shorter as people age. Our findings could therefore indicate that people who have a higher exposure to stress or experience more negative emotions are aging more rapidly. Furthermore, we showed that people with a higher resting heart rate are at an increased risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events. We did not find this to be the case for higher levels of the stress hormone cortisol. Whether this really means that higher cortisol levels do not increase the risk of cardiovascular events remains to be seen. With our repeated measurements study, in which we measured 10 subjects for 63 consecutive days, we demonstrated that levels of salivary and urinary cortisol fluctuate so much on a day-to-day basis within individuals that they cannot be studied in a meaningful way at the group level.
A Competency Model of Place Value Understanding in South African Primary School Pupils

Although the general development of mathematical abilities in primary school has been the focus of many researchers, the development of place value understanding has rarely been investigated to date. This is possibly due to the lack of conceptual approaches and empirical studies related to this topic. To fill this gap, a theory-driven and empirically validated model was developed that describes five sequential conceptual levels of place value understanding. The level sequence model gives us the ability to estimate general abilities and difficulties in primary school pupils in the development of a conceptual place value understanding. The level sequence model was tried and tested in Germany, and given that number words are very differently constructed in German and in the languages used in South African classrooms, this study aims to investigate whether this level sequence model can be transferred to South Africa. The findings based on the responses of 198 Grade 2–4 learners show that the English translation of the test items results in the same item level allocation as the original German test items, especially for the three basic levels. Educational implications are provided, in particular concrete suggestions on how place value might be taught according to the model and how to collect specific empirical data related to place value understanding.
Non-Linear Correlation Discovery-Based Technique in Data Mining

In this paper, a novel technique was present for mining complete correlation itemset, named as NLCD(non-linear correlation discovery) from hereon. In the first, it employ the vertical representation of a database, and then to find the direction between the correlative itemsets with fast processing and lots of them through the whole, including many kinds of correlation. Transaction ids of each itemset are mapped and compressed to discrete bool sequence. Lastly it was evaluated the algorithm against algorithms LCD using a variety of data sets with short and long frequent patterns. Experimental report showed that the NLCD algorithm outperforms.
Nonparametric MIMO FRF matrix estimation using a single periodic broadband excitation

This paper presents a new method to estimate the FRF matrix of a MIMO linear time-invariant system using periodic broadband excitation. The main advantage of this method lies in the fact that a full MIMO FRF matrix can be estimated using only one experiment in contrast to other approaches that require at least as many experiments as there are inputs (Dedene et al., 2002; Guillaume et al., 1996; Pintelon and Schoukens, 2001). This yields a reduction of the experiment duration if the excitation signals are properly designed. Experimental validation of this new method on a multivariable test setup is presented
On the Complexities of the Incremental Bottleneck and Bottleneck Terminal Steiner Tree Problems

Given a graph G = (V, E) with non-negative edge lengths, a subset R ⊂ V, a Steiner tree for R in G is an acyclic subgraph of G interconnecting all vertices in R and a terminal Steiner tree is defined to be a Steiner tree in G with all the vertices of R as its leaves. A bottleneck edge of a Steiner tree is an edge with the largest length in the Steiner tree. The bottleneck Steiner tree problem (BSTP) (respectively, the bottleneck terminal Steiner tree problem (BTSTP)) is to find a Steiner tree (respectively, a terminal Steiner tree) for R in G with minimum length of a bottleneck edge. For any arbitrary tree T, lenb(T) denotes the length of a bottleneck edge in T. Let Topt(G, BSTP) and Topt(G, BTSTP) denote the optimal solutions for the BSTP and the BTSTP in G, respectively. Given a graph G = (V, E) with non-negative edge lengths, a subset E0 ⊂ E, a number h = |E \E0|, and a subset R ⊂ V, the incremental bottleneck Steiner tree problem (respectively, the incremental bottleneck terminal Steiner tree problem) is to find a sequence of edge sets {E0 ⊂ E1 ⊂ E2 ⊂ … ⊂ Eh = E} with |Ei\Ei-1| = 1 such that Σh i=1 lenb(Topt(Gi, BSTP)) (respectively, Σh i=1 lenb(Topt(Gi, BTSTP))) is minimized, where Gi = (V, Ei). In this paper, we prove that the incremental bottleneck Steiner tree problem is NP-hard. Then we show that there is no polynomial time approximation algorithm achieving a performance ratio of (1-ε) × ln |R|, 0
Review and Perspective of Markov Network Information Retrieval Model

Markov network information retrieval model integrates computer¿Atopology and possibility which is a powerful tool for representation and inference of possibility knowledge. This paper mainly introduces background and the general theory of the model. Several information retrieval models based on the Markov network are summed up from different perspective of Markov network space. Finally, the future work on the model is proposed.
Towards software defined cognitive networking

Cognitive networking has the potential to enable autonomic network management by empowering the network components to automatically adjust to the changing network environment. However, strict isolation between the layers of the currently used communication model and static nature of networking equipment have delimited the deployment of cognitive networks. Software Defined Networking (SDN) separates the network architecture from its infrastructure to enable programmatic control of networking equipment from logically centralized servers. By adopting the principles of SDN, we propose software defined cognitive networking (SDCoN) to integrate the dynamism of cognitive networking and programmatic control of SDN. In this paper, we present the SDCoN framework and initial results from the SDCoN testbed that reveal the success of the proposed SDN-based cognitive networking architecture.
The Type IIn supernova 1994W: evidence for the explosive ejection of a circumstellar envelope

We present and analyse spectra of the Type IIn supernova (SN) 1994W obtained between 18 and 203d after explosion. During the luminous phase (first 100 d) the line profiles are composed of three major components: (i) narrow P-Cygni lines with the absorption minima at -700 km s -1; (ii) broad emission lines with blue velocity at zero intensity ∼4000km s -1; and (iii) broad, smooth wings extending out to at least ∼5000kms -1, most apparent in Hα. These components are identified with an expanding circumstellar (CS) envelope, shocked cool gas in the forward post-shock region, and multiple Thomson scattering in the CS envelope, respectively. The absence of broad P-Cygni lines from the SN is the result of the formation of an optically thick, cool, dense shell at the interface of the ejecta and the CS envelope. Models of the SN deceleration and Thomson scattering wings are used to recover the density (n ≈ 10 9cm -3), radial extent [∼(4-5) × 10 15cm] and Thomson optical depth (τ T ≳ 2.5) of the CS envelope during the first month. The plateau-like SN light curve is reproduced by a hydrodynamical model and is found to be powered by a combination of internal energy leakage after the explosion of an extended pre-SN (∼10 15 cm) and subsequent luminosity from CS interaction. The pre-explosion kinematics of the CS envelope is recovered, and is close to homologous expansion with outer velocity ∼1100 km s -1 and a kinematic age of ∼1.5 yr. The high mass (∼0.4M⊙) and kinetic energy (∼2 × 10 48 erg) of the CS envelope, combined with low age, strongly suggest that the CS envelope was explosively ejected ∼1.5 yr prior to the SN explosion.
The enterprises' core competencies evaluation based on knowledge capitals: An empirical study in hotel industry

Facing increasingly drastic competition situation, the enterprises imminently need to build core competencies in order to gain and sustain competitive advantage. The impact of knowledge capitals on the enterprises' core competencies is increasing. Based on differentiating these related concepts of resources, capabilities, competencies, core competencies, traditional capitals and knowledge capitals, from a perspective of knowledge capitals, this paper divided the enterprises' core competencies into five dimensions: human capitals and staff capabilities, information capitals and technology capabilities, organizational capitals and management capabilities, customer capitals and marketing capabilities, social capitals and cooperation capabilities, constructs the evaluation indicators system of the enterprises' core competencies, calculates the evaluation indicators weights in hotel industry by yaahp V6.0 software, and comprehensively evaluates and compares four hotels through AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method.
Treatment of non.small cell lung cancer in the era of targeted therapy

Lung cancer, mostly non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC), is still a major global problem with devastating outcomes. The majority presents at late stages, in which the chance of cure is minimal. With the better understanding of lung cancer biology, there have been several novel targeted approaches against NSCLC. Anti-angiogenesis has been proven to be an important approach in combination with systemic chemotherapy treatment in NSCLC at the first-line setting. The prototypic monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), be- vacizumab, is now approved for clinical use in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy in first-line treatment of advanced non-squamous NSCLC, associated with improved response and survival compared with chemotherapy alone. The most notable example of targeted therapy for lung cancer is epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKI). There have been extensive evidences supporting the superiority of EGFR TKI (like gefitinib or erlotinib) over standard platinum-based doublet chemotherapy in first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC carrying EGFR activating mutations. Almost following the same path as EGFR TKI, a novel target (anaplastic lymphoma kinase, ALK) has been identified recently with a very promising targeted agent (crizotinib) that has already been approved for clinical use in NSCLC carrying ALK rearrangements. Over the past decade, there have been undoubtedly growing armamentaria in the treatment of NSCLC, focusing on personalized and targeted approach.
Surface roughness at the Si–SiO2 interfaces in fully depleted silicon-on-insulator inversion layers

The effect of surface roughness scattering on electron transport properties in extremely thin silicon-on-insulator inversion layers is carefully analyzed. It is shown that if the silicon layer is thin enough (thinner than 10 nm) the presence of the buried interface plays a very important role, both by modifying the surface roughness scattering rate due to the gate interface, and by itself providing a non-negligible scattering rate. The usual surface roughness scattering model in bulk silicon inversion layers is shown to overestimate the effect of the surface-roughness scattering due to the gate interface as a consequence of the minimal thickness of the silicon layer. In order to account for this effect, an improved model is provided. The proposed model allows the evaluation of the surface roughness scattering rate due to both the gate interface and the buried interface. Once the scattering rates are evaluated, electron mobility is calculated by the Monte Carlo method. The effect of the buried interface ro.
Pattern and semantic similarity based automatic extraction of hyponym-hypernym relation from Turkish corpus

Extraction of semantic relations from various resources (Wikipedia, Web, corpus etc.) is an important issue in natural language processing. In this paper, automatic extraction of hyponym-hypernym pairs from Turkish corpus is aimed. For extraction of hyponym-hypernym pairs, pattern and semantic similarity based methods are used together. Patterns are extracted from initial hyponym-hypernym pairs and using patterns, hyponyms are extracted for various hypernyms. Incorrect candidate hyponyms are removed using document frequency and semantic similarity based elimination methods. After experiments for 14 hypernyms, average accuracy of 77% was obtained.
Novel UWB Swastika slot antenna with concentric circular slots and modified ground plane with inverted L-shaped slots

In this present technophile era, we are graced with myriad advancements which are nothing short of miracles. One such boon, benevolently acceding to our every requirement in the wing of information transfer within a heartbeat, is the applied science of Ultra Wide Band(UWB) technology. In this paper, we analyzed different slots on micro-strip patch antenna and proposed four modified Ultra-wide band Swastika slot antennas. Both ground plane and radiating patch are modified in our proposed antennas. In first three antenna designs (antenna design 1, antenna design 2, antenna design 3) the radiating patch is modified with concentric circular slots of different dimensions while in antenna design 4, two inverted L-shaped slots on ground plane are used to achieve enhanced bandwidth and reduced return losses. All these proposed novel antennas are of compact size having dimensions of 24 mm × 24 mm and they work in the UWB range (3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz). The antenna parameters like bandwidth, return loss, radiation pattern and impedance of these antennas are analyzed and discussed in this paper. The simulations are done using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) tool.
Imaging retrobulbar subarachnoid space around optic nerve by swept-source optical coherence tomography in eyes with pathologic myopia.

PURPOSE To examine the subarachnoid space (SAS) of eyes with pathologic myopia and analyze the characteristics of the SAS and the surrounding tissues by swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS One hundred thirty-three eyes of 76 patients with pathologic myopia (spherical equivalent refractive error of >-8.00 diopters (D) or an axial length >26.5 mm) and 32 eyes of 32 subjects with emmetropia were enrolled. The eyes in both groups were not tested to determine whether glaucoma was present. The papillary and peripapillary areas were examined with a swept-source OCT prototype system that uses a wavelength sweeping laser operated at 100,000 Hz A-scan repetition rate in 1-μm wavelength. RESULTS In the B-scan images, the arachnoid trabeculae inside the SAS were clearly observed as a pattern of reticular lines and dots interspersed with hyporeflective zones consistent with fluid, whereas orbital fat had more uniform features with gray intervening spaces. The SAS was triangular, with the base toward the eye surrounding the optic nerve in the region of the scleral flange. An SAS was found in 124 highly myopic eyes (93.2%) but not in the emmetropic eyes. The shortest distance between the inner surface of lamina cribrosa and SAS was 252.4 ± 110.9 μm, and the thinnest region of peripapillary sclera above SAS (scleral flange thickness) was 190.6 ± 51.2 μm. In one myopic patient, there appeared to be direct communication between the intraocular cavity and SAS through pitlike pores. CONCLUSIONS Optic SAS is seen in 93% of highly myopic eyes, and the SAS appears to be dilated in highly myopic eyes. The expanded area of exposure to CSF pressure along with thinning of the posterior eye wall may influence staphyloma formation and the way in which certain diseases, such as glaucoma, are manifested.
Research Article Gender Differences in the Behavioral Symptom Severity of Prader-willi Syndrome

Objectives. This study measured gender differences in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) in regard to the severity of behavioral symptoms. Methods. The Food Related Problem Questionnaire (FRPQ), the Aberrant Behavior Checklist Japanese Version, the Childhood Routines Inventory, the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale, and Japanese ADHD-RS were administered to PWS patients (45 males aged 6 to 58 and 37 females aged 6 to 45). To examine the effects that gender and genotype have on the severity of each symptom, two-way ANOVAs were conducted. Results. Significant interactions were found only in regard to FRPQ scores, such as FRPQ total score (í µí°¹(1, 78) = 8.43, í µí± < 0.01). The FRPQ of male deletion (DEL) individuals was higher than that of female DEL and male mUPD. The FRPQ of male maternal uniparental disomy (mUPD) was lower than that of female mUPD. Conclusions. In terms of problem behaviors, routines, autistic behaviors, and hyperactivity, no significant differences were found. Food-related behaviors in DEL were more severe in males, although those in mUPD were less severe in males.
Differential evolution with nonlinear simplex method and dynamic neighborhood search

In this paper, by combination of some approaches we propose a new approach of Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm, called DE with nonlinear simplex method and dynamic neighborhood search (DENNS). In our approach the nonlinear simplex method (NSM) is used for population initialization and local neighborhood search. Moreover, local and global neighborhood search operators are employed to generate high quality candidate solutions. During the search process, the population is periodically ranked to change the topology of neighbors. Experimental studies are conducted on a comprehensive set of benchmark functions. Simulation results show that DENNS achieves better results on the majority of test functions, when comparing with some other similar evolutionary algorithms.
Amazigh Handwritten Character Recognition based on Horizontal and Vertical Centerline of Character

We present in this paper a system of Amazigh handwriting recognition based on horizontal and vertical centerline of the character. After the image preprocessing, the text is segmented into lines and then into characters. The positions of the vertical and horizontal centerline of the character are used to obtain a set of independent and dependent features to those lines. These features are related to the densities of pixels and are extracted on binary images of characters using the sliding window technique. Finally, a multilayer perceptron is used for character classification. The system was tested on two bases of the Amazigh characters: on a printed database of Amazigh characters and on another one for handwritten characters created locally. The correct average recognition rate obtained using 10-crossvalidation was 99.28 % for the 19437 Amazigh printed characters and 96.32% for the 20150 Amazigh handwritten characters.