Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pathological Tremor Detection From Video

A pathological tremor is an involuntary and periodic motion of a body part. The detection and quantification of a pathological tremor are essential for diagnosis and therapy. The goal of this research is to detect the frequency of the pathological tremor. Instead of detecting tremors by using a specific medical device, we propose a new architecture jointly using a state-of-the-art pose estimation method and periodicity detection technology to identify pathological tremors from a video. In our approach, an advanced deep neural network is deployed for human pose estimation. A pixel-wise method for frequency estimation is designed to spatially integrate the spectral information of pixels to refine an estimate. Compared with conventional methods, our method offers significant convenience for both patients and medical staff. Our approach does not need a specific device. Thus it eliminates the error caused by the additional mass of the sensor [22]. The procedure of the test is simple for non-technical staff so that the method decreases the possible operational error. Each module is evaluated on a real dataset by a series of experiments. Compared with a classic 1D surrogate signal method, our pixel-wise method has a smaller error and deviation on both synthetic videos and real videos. The architecture is finally evaluated on patient videos and shows a promising result. For 21 periodic videos, 13 of our frequency estimations have an absolute error lower than 1 Hz.
What we still don't know about invasion genetics

Publication of The Genetics of Colonizing Species in 1965 launched the field of invasion genetics and highlighted the value of biological invasions as natural ecological and evolutionary experiments. Here, we review the past 50 years of invasion genetics to assess what we have learned and what we still don't know, focusing on the genetic changes associated with invasive lineages and the evolutionary processes driving these changes. We also suggest potential studies to address still‐unanswered questions. We now know, for example, that rapid adaptation of invaders is common and generally not limited by genetic variation. On the other hand, and contrary to prevailing opinion 50 years ago, the balance of evidence indicates that population bottlenecks and genetic drift typically have negative effects on invasion success, despite their potential to increase additive genetic variation and the frequency of peak shifts. Numerous unknowns remain, such as the sources of genetic variation, the role of so‐called expansion load and the relative importance of propagule pressure vs. genetic diversity for successful establishment. While many such unknowns can be resolved by genomic studies, other questions may require manipulative experiments in model organisms. Such studies complement classical reciprocal transplant and field‐based selection experiments, which are needed to link trait variation with components of fitness and population growth rates. We conclude by discussing the potential for studies of invasion genetics to reveal the limits to evolution and to stimulate the development of practical strategies to either minimize or maximize evolutionary responses to environmental change.
Temperature‐dependent expression of turtle Dmrt1 prior to sexual differentiation

Summary: Vertebrates employ varied strategies, both chromosomal and nonchromosomal, to determine the sex of the developing embryo. Among reptiles, temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD) is common. The temperature of incubation during a critical period preceding sexual differentiation determines the future sex of the embryo, presumably by altering the activity or expression of a temperature‐dependent regulatory factor(s). Here we examine the expression of the Dmrt1 gene, a candidate regulator of mammalian and avian sexual development, in the turtle. During the sex‐determining period, Dmrt1 mRNA is more abundant in genital ridge/mesonephros complexes at male‐promoting than at female‐promoting temperatures. Dmrt1 is the first gene found to show temperature‐dependent expression prior to sexual differentiation, and may play a key role in sexual development in reptiles. genesis 26:174–178, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Asymmetric DNA requirements in Xer recombination activation by FtsK

In bacteria with circular chromosomes, homologous recombination events can lead to the formation of chromosome dimers. In Escherichia coli, chromosome dimers are resolved by the addition of a crossover by two tyrosine recombinases, XerC and XerD, at a specific site on the chromosome, dif. Recombination depends on a direct contact between XerD and a cell division protein, FtsK, which functions as a hexameric double stranded DNA translocase. Here, we have investigated how the structure and composition of DNA interferes with Xer recombination activation by FtsK. XerC and XerD each cleave a specific strand on dif, the top and bottom strand, respectively. We found that the integrity and nature of eight bottom-strand nucleotides and three top-strand nucleotides immediately adjacent to the XerD-binding site of dif are crucial for recombination. These nucleotides are probably not implicated in FtsK translocation since FtsK could translocate on single stranded DNA in both the 5′–3′ and 3′–5′ orientation along a few nucleotides. We propose that they are required to stabilize FtsK in the vicinity of dif for recombination to occur because the FtsK–XerD interaction is too transient or too weak in itself to allow for XerD catalysis.
The Cognitive Perspective in Strategy: An Integrative Review

This article integrates the literature on strategic cognition (SC) within a framework that links the antecedents, structure, and process of SC with outcomes. Reviewing the literature from 1993 (two years prior to Walsh’s review of managerial and organizational cognition) until 2007, this article identifies three elements of SC structure (organizational identity, strategy frames, and organizational routines) and four SC processes (strategy formulation, strategy implementation, strategic change, and organizational learning). The literature portrays strategy formulation as a complex activity consisting of scanning, sensemaking, and decision making. Strategy implementation is composed of sensegiving, sensemaking, and issue selling. This review identifies five streams of empirical research with three well-developed themes (the antecedents and outcomes of strategy frames, determinants and consequences of strategy formulation, and cognitive construction of competitive/industry dynamics) and two emerging themes (the determinants and consequences of strategy implementation and the antecedents and outcomes of organizational identity). This review identifies several opportunities to extend the literature and outlines key methodological implications. Finally, the review addresses the need to build linkages to the ongoing theoretical conversations within strategic management literature.
Effect of a Second Injection of Botulinum Toxin on Lower Facial Contouring, as Evaluated Using 3-Dimensional Laser Scanning

BACKGROUND Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is widely used to improve the lower facial contour. OBJECTIVE To determine the difference in the changes in the lower facial contour achieved with 1 and 2 sessions of BoNT-A injections using 3-dimensional (3D) laser scanning. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty volunteers were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group I (n = 10) received a single injection, whereas Group II (n = 10) received 2 sessions of injections, the second being administered 4 months after the first. Each injection comprised of 25 U of BoNT-A and was administered to the masseter muscle bilaterally. Evaluation of the effect of BoNT-A injection was performed using 3D laser scan images obtained before the injection and 6 months thereafter in Group I, and before the first injection and 6 months thereafter in the Group II. RESULTS The mean changes in the volume and thickness in Group I were −1,186 mm3 and –1.52 mm, respectively; the corresponding changes were −4,072 mm3 and –3.84 mm in Group II. The reductions were significantly greater in Group II than in Group I. CONCLUSION The administration of a second BoNT-A injection is effective for better aesthetic results for the lower facial contour.
Score normalization for keystroke dynamics biometrics

This paper analyzes score normalization for keystroke dynamics authentication systems. Previous studies have shown that the performance of behavioral biometric recognition systems (e.g. voice and signature) can be largely improved with score normalization and target-dependent techniques. The main objective of this work is twofold: i) to analyze the effects of different thresholding techniques in 4 different keystroke dynamics recognition systems for real operational scenarios; and ii) to improve the performance of keystroke dynamics on the basis of target-dependent score normalization techniques. The experiments included in this work are worked out over the keystroke pattern of 114 users from two different publicly available databases. The experiments show that there is large room for improvements in keystroke dynamic systems. The results suggest that score normalization techniques can be used to improve the performance of keystroke dynamics systems in more than 20%. These results encourage researchers to explore this research line to further improve the performance of these systems in real operational environments.
Effect of Clavulanic Acid on the In Vitro Synergism Between Carbenicillin and Gentamicin Against Serratia marcescens

Clavulanic acid, a potent β-lactamase inhibitor, reduced the minimum inhibitory concentrations of carbenicillin for 13 of 15 clinical isolates of Serratia marcescens by at least eightfold. The combination of clavulanic acid and carbenicillin also exhibited synergistic activity with gentamicin against 11 of 15 isolates tested, including 9 of 10 strains which were highly resistant to carbenicillin (minimum inhibitory concentration ≥ 8,000 μg/ml) and had previously been found resistant to the synergistic activity between carbenicillin and gentamicin.
Chitin from the Extract of Cuttlebone Induces Acute Inflammation and Enhances MMP1 Expression

We previously reported that the extract from cuttlebone (CB) has wound healing effect in burned lesion of rat. In present study, the main component of CB extract was analyzed and its wound healing activity was evaluated by using in vitro acute inflammation model. The extract of CB stimulated macrophages to increase the production of TNF-α. The extract also enhanced the production of TGF-β and VEGF, which were involved in angiogenesis and fibroblast activation. The treatment with CB extract enhanced proliferation of murine fibroblast. CB extract also induced the activation of fibroblast to increase the secretion of matrix metalloproteases 1 (MMP1). The constituent of CB extract which has wound healing activity was identified as chitin by HPLC analysis. The mechanism that the CB extract helps to promote healing of burned lesion is associated with that chitin in CB extracts stimulated wound skins to induce acute inflammation and to promoted cell proliferation and MMP expression in fibroblast. Our results suggest that CB or chitin can be a new candidate material for the treatment of skin wound such as ulcer and burn.
Innovation stratégique et mutations de l’architecture de valeur dans les modèles d’affaires

Les strategies d’innovation se jouent autant dans l’adaptation des produits aux lois de la concurrence que dans la proposition de nouvelles architectures de valeur qui transforment les modeles d’affaires. L’audace dans les cooperations externes et la mise en relation de connaissances disjointes constituent le fondement de ces strategies.
Face detection using region information

This paper presents a novel algorithm to quickly detect faces from still gray level images. The algorithm first detects the upper eyelid pixels using the eye region's gray and gradient information, which can be computed by the integral image very quickly. Then according to the anthropological characteristic of human face, some rules are used to select eyes and the pairs of eyes candidates from the detected eyelid pixels. Finally, a hierarchy method is proposed to verify whether a pair of eyes candidate corresponds to a true face. Experiment on the BioID face database shows that the proposed method is very robust to detect the upper eyelid pixels and the rate of face detection is satisfactory. In terms of accuracy of eye detection, the proposed method outperforms other methods.
Intra-cultural Variation and Job Autonomy in 42 Countries

Intra-cultural variation (ICV)—dispersion of individuals within a culture—is not often the focus of international management compared to the cultural mean. However, researchers in international management and multi-level modeling have acknowledged the theoretical uniqueness of ICV, and have pled for its use in theory building and empirical testing. Responding to such a call, this paper explains at the societal level the theoretical importance of ICV of job autonomy. It also demonstrates, using secondary data from 42 countries, that the ICV of job autonomy influences organizational and social outcomes beyond the cultural mean of job autonomy. Specifically, the cultural mean and ICV of job autonomy exert different effects on job satisfaction and life satisfaction. The effect of the cultural mean is positive and that of the ICV is negative. Moreover, the effect of the ICV is independent of and similar in magnitude to that of the cultural mean. Research implications for international management and multi-level research are discussed.
Strictly Nonblocking Design off-cast Photonic Multi-log2N Networks with Crosstalk Constraints

Combining the multi-log2N networks architecture and directional coupler technology is an interesting approach to building the photonic switching networks. This paper studies the strictly nonblocking design of such photonic multi-log2N networks under the general/cast traffic and various crosstalk constraints. This study covers the traditional designs for unicast traffic (f=1) or the designs for multicast traffic (f=N) as special cases.
harmacogenetic Interactions Between ngiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor herapy and the Angiotensin-Converting nzyme Deletion Polymorphism n Patients With Congestive Heart Failure

OBJECTIVES We evaluated the interaction of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy with the effect of the ACE D/I polymorphism on heart failure survival. BACKGROUND The ACE deletion allele, ACE-D, is associated with increased ACE activity. The utilization of ACE genotyping to predict the impact of ACE inhibitor dose has not been previously evaluated. METHODS We prospectively studied 479 subjects with systolic dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction 0.25 0.08). Subjects were divided on the basis of ACE inhibitor therapy into low dose ( 50% of target dose, n 227), standard (high) dose ( 50%, n 201), or those receiving angiotensin receptor antagonists (n 51). Patients were genotyped for the ACE D/I polymorphism, followed to the end point of death or cardiac transplantation, and transplant-free survival compared by genotype. RESULTS The ACE-D allele was associated with an increased risk of events (p 0.026). In analysis by ACE inhibitor dose, this effect was primarily in the low-dose group (1-year percent event-free survival: II/ID/DD 86/77/71, 2-year 79/66/59, p 0.032). In the standard-dose group, the impact was markedly diminished (1-year: II/ID/DD 91/81/80, 2-year: 77/70/71, p 0.64). The impact of beta-blockers and high dose ACE inhibitors was greatest in subjects with the ACE DD genotype (p 0.001) and was less apparent with the II and ID genotypes (p 0.38). CONCLUSIONS Higher doses of ACE inhibitors diminished the impact of the ACE-D allele, and the benefits of beta-blockers and high-dose ACE inhibitors appeared maximal for DD patients. Determination of ACE genotype may help target therapy for patients with heart failure. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2004;44:2019–26) © 2004 by the American College of ublished by Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/j.jacc. 2004.08. 048
Andrographolide Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis of Chondrosarcoma by Targeting TCF‐1/SOX9 Axis

Chondrosarcoma is the second most malignant bone tumor with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Thus, development of more effective treatments has become urgent. Recently, natural compounds derived from medicinal plants have emerged as promising therapeutic options via targeting multiple key cellular molecules. Andrographolide (Andro) is such a compound, which has previously been shown to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several human cancers. However, the molecular mechanism through which Andro exerts its anti‐cancer effect on chondrosarcoma remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we showed that Andro‐induced G2/M cell cycle arrest of chondrosarcoma by fine‐tuning the expressions of several cell cycle regulators such as p21, p27, and Cyclins, and that prolonged treatment of cells with Andro caused pronounced cell apoptosis. Remarkably, we found that SOX9 was highly expressed in poor‐differentiated chondrosarcoma, and that knockdown of SOX9 suppressed chondrosarcoma cell growth. Further, our results showed that Andro dose‐dependently down‐regulated SOX9 expression in chondrosarcoma cells. Concomitantly, an inhibition of T cell factor 1 (TCF‐1) mRNA expression and an enhancement of TCF‐1 protein degradation by Andro were observed. In contrast, the expression and subcellular localization of β‐catenin were not altered upon the treatment of Andro, suggesting that β‐catenin might not function as the primary target of Andro. Additionally, we provided evidence that there was a mutual regulation between TCF‐1 and SOX9 in chondrosarcoma cells. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential therapeutic effects of Andro in treatment of chondrosarcoma via targeting the TCF‐1/SOX9 axis. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4575–4586, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Towards Computers of Generation Omega - Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics, Granularity, and Acausal Processes: A Brief Survey

Nowadays we are using mainly computer of fourth gener ation and we are designing fth generation computers It is reasonable to ask what is the perspective What will the computers of generation omega look like As the speed of data processing increases we face a natural limitation of causality according to which the speed of all processes is limited by the speed of light Lately a new area of acausal causality violating processes has entered mainstream physics This area has important astrophysical applications In this paper we show how non equilibrium thermodynamics makes these processes consistent how these processes can be used in computations and how the very possibility of these processes lead to the granularity of the physical world
Oblivious string embeddings and edit distance approximations

We introduce an oblivious embedding that maps strings of length <i>n</i> under edit distance to strings of length at most <i>n/r</i> under edit distance for any value of parameter <i>r. </i> For any given <i>r</i>, our embedding provides a distortion of <i>Õ</i>(<i>r</i><sup>1+μ</sup>) for some μ = <i>o</i>(1), which we prove to be (almost) optimal. The embedding can be computed in <i>Õ</i>(2<sup>1/μ</sup><i>n</i>) time.We also show how to use the main ideas behind the construction of our embedding to obtain an efficient algorithm for approximating the edit distance between two strings. More specifically, for any 1 > ε ≥ 0, we describe an algorithm to compute the edit distance <i>D(S, R)</i> between two strings <i>S</i> and <i>R</i> of length <i>n</i> in time <i>Õ</i>(<i>n</i><sup>1+ε</sup>), within an approximation factor of min{<i>n</i><sup>1-ε/3+<i>o</i>(1)</sup>, (<i>D</i>(<i>S</i>, <i>R</i>/<i>n</i><sup>ε</sup>)<sup>1/2+<i>o</i>(1)</sup>}. For the case of ε = 0, we get a <i>Õ(n)</i>-time algorithm that approximates the edit distance within a factor of min{<i>n</i><sup>1/3+<i>o</i>(1)</sup>, <i>D(S, R)</i><sup>1/2+<i>o</i>(1)</sup>}, improving the recent result of Bar-Yossef et al. [2].
Radar Targets Detection in Formation Based on Time-Varying AR Model

A novel method for radar targets detection in formation is proposed based on the instantaneous frequency (IF) estimation of radar echoes. The time-varying autoregressive (TVAR) model is selected to model the signal and the IF is estimated using the phase of model polars. With the polars selection process and the fusion of the echoes' time-varying frequency estimation at different range cells, the algorithm is enhanced in robustness
Adult mental health and social outcomes of adolescent girls with depression and conduct disorder

Abstract Follow-up studies of adolescent depression and conduct disorder have pointed to homotypic continuity, but less information exists about outcomes beyond mental disorders and about the extent to which adolescents with different disorders experience different versus similar difficulties during the transition to adulthood. We assessed the continuity of adolescent disorder by following girls in a complete birth cohort who at age 15 were depressed (n = 27), conduct disordered (n = 37), or without a mental health disorder (n = 341) into young adulthood (age 21) to identify their outcomes in three domains: mental health and illegal behavior, human capital, and relationship and family formation. We found homotypic continuity; in general, depressed girls became depressed women and conduct disordered girls developed antisocial personality disorder symptoms by age 21. Conduct disorder exclusively predicted at age 21: antisocial personality disorder, substance dependence, illegal behavior, dependence on multiple welfare sources, early home leaving, multiple cohabitation partners, and physical partner violence. Depression exclusively predicted depression at age 21. Examples of equifinality (where alternate pathways lead to the same outcome) surfaced, as both adolescent disorders predicted at age 21: anxiety disorder, multiple drug use, early school leaving, low school attainment, any cohabitation, pregnancy, and early child bearing.
Safety Culture and Risk Management in Organizations

The concept of safety culture arose in the aftermath of the Chernobyl disaster. It is argued that safety culture represents a new way of conceptualizing processes of risk handling and management in organizational and other contexts. Safety culture provides a global characterization of some of the common behavioral preconditions to disasters and accidents in high-risk sociotechnical systems, and might also prove to be a heuristic tool to aid risk management strategies to complement current risk assessment practice. Culture is conceptualized in the current article as primarily an ideational system of meanings, and safety culture as one concerned with the norms, beliefs, roles, and practices for handling hazards and risk. Possible elements of a "good" safety culture are elaborated under three headings: norms and rules for dealing with risk, safety attitudes, and reflexivity on safety practice.
The Passions of Pluralism Multiculturalism and the Expanding Community

Changing demographies and the new immigrations are making the phenomenon of pluralism inescapable in this country. At once, what is recognized as an erosion of community requires us to find ways of reconciling a newly acknowledged diversity with a Deweyan notion of a "Great Community. " Using imaginative works as well as philosophic and ethnographic books as texts, this article explores the significance of heeding multiple voices silenced over the years, of making them part of the ongoing "conversation" that distinguishes our culture. This entails an incorporation of visions seldom tapped before; it entails a recognition of exclusions and deficiencies long denied, a discovery of ways to fill the voids and in some fashion to repair. Finally, seeking a regard for distinctiveness as well as a reaching toward connectedness, I look for opportunities for concrete engagements, for imaginative efforts to cross the distances and look through diverse others" eyes.