Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La charge mentale, «vertu dormitive» ou concept opérationnel ? : La charge mentale

Dans cette introduction, nous voulons illustrer le paradoxe souleve par la notion de charge mentale : d'une part, ce concept pose des problemes theoriques, de mesure et n'est que peu explicatif; d'autre part, c'est un concept remarquablement operationnel, qui permet aux chercheurs d'emettre de nouvelles hypotheses et de concevoir de nouvelles experimentations. Ce paradoxe trouverait sa source, selon nous, dans le fait que le concept de charge mentale est utile en «premiere approche» dans l'etude de phenomenes psychologiques, la finalite a long terme etant une etude plus «fonctionnelle» des phenomenes en question.
Thermal behaviour of gate-less AlGaN/GaN heterostructures

For power applications, the dissipated power in GaN based devices becomes very significant and consequently can generate a very important self-heating effect in the component. The self-heating in the device increases considerably the lattice or the operating temperature and the transport properties are then degraded. To explain and to understand the physical phenomena observed in experiment for power components, it requires to introduce heating effects. The goal of this study is to estimate self-heating effects on the static characteristics of TLM (Transmission Line Model) AlGaN/GaN structures. For this objective, a developed physical thermal model is used in order to study the electrical and thermal phenomena in a coupled way. These studies are validated by electrical measurements regarding I-V characteristics and also by optic measurements using micro-Raman spectroscopy.
Continuous Arvand : Motion Planning with Monte Carlo Random Walks

Sampling-based approaches such as Probabilistic Roadmaps and Rapidly-exploring Random Trees are very popular in motion planning. Monte Carlo Random Walks (MRW) are a quite different sampling method. They were implemented in the Arvand family of planners, which have been successful in classical planning with its discrete state spaces and actions. The work described here develops an MRW approach for domains with continuous state and action spaces, as encountered in motion planning. Several new algorithms based on MRW are introduced, implemented in the Continuous Arvand system, and compared with existing motion planning approaches in the Open Motion Planning Li-
The Case for SRPT Scheduling in Web Servers

The Shortest-Remaining-Processing-Time (SRPT) scheduling policy is known to be the optimal policy for minimizing mean response time, but it is rarely employed in computing systems for a number of reasons. These reasons include: lack of knowledge of task size, fear of starvation of the large tasks, concern over pre-emption overhead, and lack of empirical evidence on the performance bene ts of switching to SRPT. In this paper we argue that the special characteristics of Web servers and Web workloads make the usual objections to SRPT less persuasive. We start by arguing that it is possible for Web servers to extract task sizes for a large fraction of tasks. We then compare SRPT to an alternative policy { processor sharing (PS) { which we use as an idealization of typical scheduling policies currently used in Web servers. Our comparisons are made both analytically (assuming Poisson arrivals and an empirically-derived le size distribution) and on trace-driven simulations using logs from operating Web servers. With respect to performance, we show that at high server utilization, the SRPT policy can reduce mean waiting time and mean slowdown over PS by well over an order of magnitude. Supported by the NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in the Mathematical Sciences. Supported in part by NSF Grants CCR-9501822 and CCR-9706685. Supported by DARPA N00014-95-1-1246.
Compact foliations with finite transverse LS category

We prove that if F is a foliation of a compact manifold with all leaves compact submanifolds, and the transverse category cat∩| (M,F) is finite, then the leaf space M/F is compact Hausdorff. The proof is surprisingly delicate, and is based on some new observations about the geometry of compact foliations. Colman proved in [3, 8] that the transverse category of a compact Hausdorff foliation is always finite, so we obtain a new characterization of the compact Hausdorff foliations among the compact foliations as those with cat∩| (M,F) finite.
Reviving Functional Decomposition in Object-Oriented Design

A new concept is born. If it is worthy, and if it has competent supporters, it can significantly change some pattern of life. The society reacts to the new concept by attempting to integrate it with the old ideas. The reactionary elements in the society are skeptical and cling to the “proven” ways. The overzealous supporters seek to expand the new idea at all costs, and ignore the destruction of the “antiquated” theories. The reasonable seek to synthesize a new theory by merging the best ideas from the new concept with the vital and salvageable ideas of the old.
Simulation and analysis of an intelligent fuzzy logic controller model for low power photovoltaic energy utilization system

Remote areas in India are still not connected to the power grid. But they have mobile network connectivity. The people face problems in charging their cell phones. They are forced to travel a long distances to get access to electrical outlets. The use of new efficient photovoltaic solar cells (PVSCs) has emerged as an alternative measure of renewable green power, energy conservation and demand-side management. The manufacturing of solar cells and photovoltaic arrays has advanced dramatically in recent years. But they have two inherent major problems the first is low conversion efficiency (10to16%for commercially available amorphous silicon solar cells), second is high capital cost [1]. Solar powered systems consist of different parts to be controlled separately. Since the generated power is a function of uncontrollable environmental conditions, it requires extra caution to design controllers that handle unpredictable events and maintain efficient load matching power. In this study, a photovoltaic (PV) solar array model was developed and analyzed using Matlab/Simulink. The model includes converter circuits, a controller using fuzzy logic control (FLC), and a maximum Power point (MPP) tracking control which is used to operate the PVA at its maximum power. The MPP point is tracked using four algorithms perturbation & Observation, Incremental conductance method, Constant Voltage method and Constant current method. Later a comparative performance analysis of the model for MPP algorithms is done.
Generalized Synthesis and Analysis Prior Algorithms with Application to Impulse Denoising

This work proposes generalized synthesis and analysis prior algorithms using the split-Bregman technique for applications in impulse noise reduction. Impulse denoising is formulated as minimizing a Lp-regularized Lq-norm data mismatch term. The Lq-norm mismatch arises owing to the fact that the noise is sparse. The Lp-norm exploits the prior information that the image is sparse in a transform domain. The proposed methods have been used to reduce salt and pepper noise as well as random valued impulse noise. Peak signal to noise ratio and structural similarity index have been used to quantitatively evaluate the recovery results. A comparative study with existing IRN algorithm suggests the superiority of purposed algorithm. Our method also yields better results than the popular median filtering techniques used for denoising impulse noise.
Detect the Different Isoforms Using GeneChip Human Exon 1.0 ST Arrays

Alternative splicing is the RNA splicing variation mechanism. The exon isoforms lead to numerous different expressions through the alternative splicing. It’s imperative to find the carcinogenic gene from the massive quantity of genes and understand the expressed isoforms. In this paper, the statistical procedures are applied on the colon cancer sample data of Affymetrix GeneChip Human Exon 1.0 ST Array and the dataset is used as the example of finding isoforms. First, the Wilcoxon sign rank test was applied to choose the suspect carcinogenic genes. About 54,854 suspect genes are selected from original 312,368 genes at 5% significant level. Second, one sample t-test and the factor analysis are used to estimate the tumor and normal isoforms for each suspect carcinogenic gene, respectively. Furthermore, the confirmations are made by comparing the estimated results with Alternative Splicing Database. Finally, the results may be provided to the biologist to make biological confirmations and discover the new isoforms. Keywords-alternative splicing; exon array; colon cancer; isoform
MT at the paragraph level: improving English synthesis in SYSTRAN

In Machine Translation (MT), output quality can be seriously affected by multi-sentence and multi-clause phenomena such as pronominalization, multisentence quotation, comma placement, etc. Yet almost all MT systems operate sentence-by-sentence. This paper describes the transfer of some research on paragraph structure from the research laboratory (USC/ISI) to commercial practice (SYSTRAN). It outlines the definition, implementation, incorporation, and evaluation of a paragraph tree and associated rules to handle the misplacement of quote marks over multiple sentences in Japanese-to-English translation.
Citation for Published Item: Creating 'obesogenic Realities'; Do Our Methodological Choices Make a Difference When Measuring the Food Environment?

(2013) 'Creating 'obesogenic realities' : do our methodological choices make a difference when measuring the food environment ? ', International journal of health geographics. , 12 (1). p. 33. 2013 Burgoine et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Abstract Background: The use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to objectively measure 'obesogenic' food environment (foodscape) exposure has become commonplace. This increase in usage has coincided with the development of a methodologically heterogeneous evidence-base, with subsequent perceived difficulties for inter-study comparability. However, when used together in previous work, different types of food environment metric have often demonstrated some degree of covariance. Differences and similarities between density and proximity metrics, and within methodologically different conceptions of density and proximity metrics need to be better understood. Methods: Frequently used measures of food access were calculated for North East England, UK. Using food outlet data from local councils, densities of food outlets per 1000 population and per km 2 were calculated for small administrative areas. Densities (counts) were also calculated based on population-weighted centroids of administrative areas buffered at 400/800/1000m street network and Euclidean distances. Proximity (street network and Euclidean distances) from these centroids to the nearest food outlet were also calculated. Metrics were compared using Spearman's rank correlations. Results: Measures of foodscape density and proximity were highly correlated. Densities per km 2 and per 1000 population were highly correlated (r s = 0.831). Euclidean and street network based measures of proximity (r s = 0.865) and density (r s = 0.667-0.764, depending on neighbourhood size) were also highly correlated. Density metrics based on administrative areas and buffered centroids of administrative areas were less strongly correlated (r s = 0.299-0.658).
Semantic Similarity Measurements for Multi-lingual Short Texts Using Wikipedia

In this paper, we propose two methods to measure the semantic similarity for multi-lingual and short texts by using Wikipedia. In recent years, people around the world have been continuously generating information about their local area in their own languages on social networking services. Measuring the similarity between the texts is challenging because they are often short and written in various languages. Our methods solve this problem by incorporating inter-language links of Wikipedia into extended naive Bayes (ENB), a probabilistic method of semantic similarity measurements for short texts. The proposed methods represent a multi-lingual short text as a vector of the English version of Wikipedia articles (entities). We conducted an experiment on clustering of tweets written in four languages (English, Spanish, Japanese and Arabic). From the experimental results, we confirmed that our methods outperformed cross-lingual explicit semantic analysis (CL-ESA), which is a method to measure the similarity between texts written in two different languages. Moreover, our methods were competitive with ENB applied to texts that have been translated into English using Google Translate. Our methods enabled similarity measurements for multi-lingual short texts without the cost of machine translations.
The community detection algorithm based on transferring the similarity

For global community detection algorithm having high computation complexity and local community detection algorithm working bad in community quality, in this paper we propose an algorithm by finding the core nodes in different communities first, then use an algorithm based on transferring the similarity we propose in this paper to measure the similarity between core nodes with other nodes. Finally we divide the network by the similarity calculation results.The proposed algorithm is tested on both our network and common networks, and is compared with the typical algorithms in community detection. Experimental results verify and confirm the feasibility and validity of the proposed algorithm.
Lessons and Challenges for Collaborative Information Seeking (CIS) Systems Developers

The developers of collaborative information seeking (CIS) systems face many unique challenges, above and beyond the issues raised by traditional single-user information systems. We present lessons derived from the general area of collaboration, as well as from information seeking domain, which can help one understand various design considerations for developing a CIS system. A number of challenges for system developers are listed, along with several suggestions for designing a successful CIS system.
Standardization and Assessment of Affective Picture Stimulate Material System of Sport Circumstance

Objective: Set up an Affective Picture Stimulate Material System of Sport Circumstance.Method: Search for 400 affective pictures of sport circumstance(colored) widely.Firstly invite 4 expert-valuators to divide the pictures into 3 categories(positive / neutral / negative) based on the affective valence and select the pictures which are classified consistently.Secondly,invite 66 undergraduate-athlete-valuators to classify the pictures into 3 categories and value the affective intensity of the pictures on a 9 point scale(1 is the weakest and 9 is the most intense). Calculate the ratio of identity and the intense-score.Select pictures which ratio of identity is above 70% as well as the intense-score is over 5.Lastly,invite 81 undergraduate athletes and divide them into 3 groups randomly.Subjects in each group watch one kind of pictures of one valence and the before and after scores of affection valued by themselves are recorded.Use the method of repeated profile analysis to analyse the datas.Result: Receive a series of representative affective pictures of sport circumstance.And each picture obtains information including ratio of identity and intense-score.There is a significant difference(p 0.001) among the before and after scores of affection valued by themselves of 3 groups.It means that pictures have primed different affections of valences successfully.Conclusion: Research has set up a standard Affective Picture Stimulate Material System of Sport Circumstance and it can be helpful to researches in sport field in the future.
Joint Adaptive Compensation for Amplifier Nonlinearity and Quadrature Modulation Errors

This paper proposes a technique that jointly compensates the amplifier nonlinearity and quadrature modulation (QM) errors. The proposed method is derived based on the indirect learning architecture, which has been originally developed for the predistortion (PD). The proposed compensator updates the parameter vector based on the recursive least squares (RLS) criterion. The advantage of the proposed adaptive technique is demonstrated through computer simulation
Safety of maximal exercise testing in patients at high risk for ventricular arrhythmia.

While maximal exercise testing is useful for detection of arrhythmias and assessment of antiarrhythmic drug efficacy, few reports have documented the safety of this procedure in patients with malignant ventricular arrhythmias. We reviewed the complications of symptom-limited exercise in 263 patients with such arrhythmias who underwent a total of 1377 maximal treadmill tests. Seventy-four percent of the population studied had a history of ventricular fibrillation or hemodynamically compromising ventricular tachycardia and the remainder had experienced ventricular tachycardia in the setting of either recent myocardial infarction or poor left ventricular function. A complication was defined as the occurrence of arrhythmia during exercise testing--ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, or bradycardia--that mandated immediate medical treatment (cardioversion, use of intravenous drugs, or closed-chest compression). Complications were noted in 24 patients (9.1%) during 32 tests (2.3%), whereas 239 patients (90.9%) were free of complication during 1345 tests (97.7%). There were no deaths, myocardial infarctions, or lasting morbid events. Clinical descriptors associated with complications included male sex, presence of coronary artery disease, and a history of exertional arrhythmia (p less than .05). Clinical variables previously considered to confer increased risk during exercise, such as poor left ventricular function, high-grade ventricular arrhythmias (Lown grade 4A or 4B) before or during exercise, exertional hypotension, and ST depression, were not predictive of complications (p greater than .05). Occurrence of a complication was also unaffected by the use of antiarrhythmic drugs at the time of exercise (chi square = 0.19, p greater than .05). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
FORECASTING INACCURACIES IN TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS IN SELECTED SOUTH EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES

Past studies show that transportation infrastructure projects often perform poorly as compared to the forecasts made before they were constructed in that projected costs are underestimated while forecasted demand are overestimated. In this research, a database of transportation projects from Thailand and Philippines was assembled to verify whether inaccuracies in cost forecasts exist in the region. From the analysis, it has been verified that there are no significant differences in cost forecast errors between road and bridge projects. However, the errors found in transportation projects in Thailand are significantly different in magnitude from those in the Philippines. The level and frequency of cost forecast errors in the two countries were examined as well. Although findings from this study can contribute in improving the method of cost forecasting in South East Asia, they should be used and interpreted with caution due to the small sample size and limited types of projects considered in the study.
THE EFFECT OF X-RAYS UPON THE ACTION OF A SPECIFIC GENE I N DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

NUMBER of workers in the past few years have used X-ray treatments A to induce phenocopies. FRIESEN (1935, rg36) appears to have been the first to do this. HASKINS and ENZMANN (1937) and ENZMANN and HASKINS (1938a, 1g38b), LOBASROV and SOLODOVNIKOV (~gsg) , GRATZIANSKY (1g3g), WADDINGTON (1g42a, 1g42b), BLANC and BRAUN (1g42), and BLANC and VILLEE (1942) have all used this technique. Most of these workers, following FRIESEN, used moderate to heavy doses (2000-7000 r units) and treated individuals of advanced larval, prepupal or pupal stages, since these had been shown by MAVOR (1927) and WOSKRESSENSKY (1928) to be especially sensitive stages. FRIESEN (1936) reports obtaining, in general, lower percentages of phenocopies (“Rontgenmorphosen”) from the treatment of young larvae, 24 to 48 hours after egg-laying, than of older stages. GRATZIANSKY (1939) found that the highest frequency of ‘“Notch” phenocopies was obtained by treating 66-to 96-hour old larvae. BLANC and BRAUN (1942) and BLANC and VILLEE (1942) confined their treatments to prepupal and pupal stages. WADDINGTON (1942b) treated individuals of larval stages as well as those further advanced, but reported that only normal individuals hatched from larvae less than 48 hours old a t the time of treatment. Only HASKINS and ENZMANN (1937) and ENZMAI~N and HASKINS (1938a, b), using low doses of 40 to 312 r units, have obtained what were probably phenocopies by treating eggs or very young larvae less than 24 hours old. They reported finding melanotic tumors, retention of the anterior larval spiracles in the imago, and eyes that were bilobed or had irregular ommatidia, sunken areas, scars or “tumors,” the latter usually white in color and of a palp-like structure. These abnormalities they interpreted as the result of chromosome fragmentation, producing deficiencies such as PATTERSON (1929, 1930) found in his analyses of mosaic individuals produced by the X-ray treatment of eggs and young larvae; but there is no evidence that they were such rather than phenocopies, since these workers did not use the techniques of PATTERSON for detecting deficiencies. In none of the work cited above was the action of X-rays shown to be linked with any specific gene-controlled process, as in the instance to be reported in this paper. More nearly parallel phenomena have been described by DANEEL and LUBNOW (1936) and LUBNOW (1939), and by SMITH (1942). DANEEL and LUBNOW, and LUBNOW, following up an early discovery made by HANCE and MURPHY (1926) and HANCE (1927) that X-rays will inactivate pigment formation in the hair of mice, have been able to show that the precursor reaction (reaction I) in the formation of rabbit melanins is inactivated by X-rays, a reaction further known to be under the control of the Dutch spotting genes.
6 12 Gb / s Duobinary Signaling with × 2 Oversampled Edge Equalization

In recent chip-to-chip and backplane data transfers on printed circuit boards, data-rates are limited not by the operating speeds of the circuits in the transceiver LSIs, but by the bandwidth of the transmission media. Duobinary [1] is a type of partial response signaling that can be helpful in reducing the required bandwidth, because it allows for a controlled amount of ISI to be removed afterward. Figure 3.6. 1 shows the transfer function for duobinary signaling, as well as channel loss and the frequency response of the combined channel and transmitter/receiver equalizers. In duobinary signaling, the resulting ISI may be expressed in the z-domain as 1+z. Transmitter/receiver equalization results in binary input data (1, 0) being output as a duobinary data (2, 1, 0).