Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of High-Frequency Traveling-Wave Magnetic Fields on Low-Conductivity Liquids: Investigation and Potential Applications in the Chemical Industry

High-frequency traveling-wave magnetic fields refer to alternating magnetic fields that propagate through space in a wave-like manner at high frequencies. These magnetic fields are characterized by their ability to generate driving forces and induce currents in conductive materials, such as liquids or metals. This article investigates the application and approaches of a unique form of high-frequency traveling-wave magnetic fields to low-conductivity liquids with conductivity ranging from 1 to 102 S/m. Experiments were conducted using four representative electrolytic solutions commonly employed in the chemical industry: sulfuric acid (H2SO4), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium chloride (NaCl), and ionic liquid ([Bmim]BF4). The investigation focuses on the impact of high-frequency magnetic fields on these solutions at the optimal operating point of the system, considering the effects of Joule heating. The findings reveal that the high-frequency traveling magnetic field exerts a significant volumetric force on all four low-conductivity liquids. This technology, characterized by its non-contact and pollution-free nature, high efficiency, large driving volume, and rapid driving speeds (up to several centimeters per second), also provides uniform velocity distribution and notable thermal effects. It holds considerable promise for applications in the chemical industry, metallurgy, and other sectors where enhanced three-phase transfer processes are essential.
Using Remote Technology to Engage Patients with Interstitial Lung Diseases in a Home Exercise Program: A Pilot Study

Introduction: The access and compliance of patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) to exercise programs (EPs) remain challenges. Objectives: We assessed the dropout rate, intervention completion, compliance with data acquisition and submission, safety, and satisfaction of a home EP delivered via video conference (EPVC group) or self-directed (EPSD group) to patients with ILD. Pre- and post-intervention changes in patient outcomes (dyspnea, fatigue, exercise capacity, lung function, and quality of life) were secondarily explored. Material and Methods: Groups performed an eight-week virtual EP three times/week. Video conferences were led by a registered respiratory therapist, whereas self-directed exercises were completed following a pre-recorded video. Participants submitted spirometry, heart rate, and SpO2 results weekly to the research team. Results: Fourteen patients with ILD were equally assigned to the EPVC and EPSD groups, but three from the EPSD group dropped out after the initial assessment (dropout rate of 42.8% in the EPSD group). Eleven patients (mean age of 67 ± 12 years) completed 96.5% of sessions. Compliance with data acquisition and submission was optimal (≥97.6% in both groups), and no adverse events were reported. Changes in overall fatigue severity were significantly different between groups (p = 0.014, Cohen’s r = 0.64). Conclusions: The results suggest that a structured virtual EP delivered via video conference or pre-recorded video can be feasible, safe, and acceptable for patients with ILD.
Measures of retention in HIV care: A protocol for a mixed methods study

Introduction Retention in HIV care is necessary to achieve adherence to antiretroviral therapy, viral load suppression, and optimal health outcomes. There is no standard definition for retention in HIV care, which compromises consistent and reliable reporting and comparison of retention across facilities, jurisdictions, and studies. Objective The objective of this study is to explore how stakeholders involved in HIV care define retention in HIV care and their preferences on measuring retention. Methods We will use an exploratory sequential mixed methods design involving HIV stakeholder groups such as people living with HIV, people involved in providing care for PLHIV, and people involved in decision-making about PLHIV. In the qualitative phase of the study, we will conduct 20–25 in-depth interviews to collect the perspectives of HIV stakeholders on using their preferred retention measures. The findings from the qualitative phase will inform the development of survey items for the quantitative phase. Survey participants (n = 385) will be invited to rate the importance of each approach to measuring retention on a seven-point Likert scale. We will merge the qualitative and quantitative findings phase findings to inform a consensus-building framework for a standard definition of retention in care. Ethical issues and dissemination This study has received ethics approval from the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, and among stakeholder groups. Limitations This study has limitations; we won’t be able to arrive at a standard definition; a Delphi technique amongst the stakeholders will be utilized using the framework to reach a consensus globally accepted definition.
An Efficient Brain Image Segmentation based on Gradient Based Watershed transform in Level set method and classification using shape features for a medical diagnosis system

We propose a simple, fast, robust and efficient technique to extract the skeleton based shape signatures for the brain image classification for a medical diagnosis system. The Improved Brain image classification system uses five shape features-two features have derived from combination of skeleton, region, and boundary information and the other three have been derived from distance mapped functional(level contours). All these shape features exhibit invariance to rotation and scaling. Brain image classification is one of the utmost imperative parts of clinical investigative tools. Brain images typically comprise noise, inhomogeneity and sometimes deviation. Therefore, precise segmentation of brain images is a very challenging task. Nevertheless, the process of perfect segmentation of these images is very important and crucial for a spot-on diagnosis by clinical tools. This research presents a more accurate segmentation using Gradient Based watershed transform in level set method for a medical diagnosis system. Experimental results proved that our method validating a much better rate of segmentation accuracy as compare to the traditional approaches, results are also validated in terms of the proposed five shape signatures.
Professional relationships during crisis interventions: A scoping review

Introduction A crisis can be described as subjective experience that threatens and overwhelms a person’s ability to handle a specific situation. In dealing with crises some people are looking for support from professionals. The “professional relationship” between people experiencing a crisis and professionals plays an important role in the successful management of a crisis which has been widely researched in many contexts. However, regarding outpatient services (e. g. crisis resolution home treatment teams), yet empirical evidence remains limited. Objective We aim to explore descriptions of supportive professional relationships during outpatient crisis interventions in empirical literature. Accordingly, a scoping review was conducted to identify types of evidence, map the key concepts, and point out research gaps. Methods MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Social Science Citation Index were searched for studies reporting empirical data on the professional relationship between people experiencing a crisis (18+) and professionals (e. g. social workers, psychiatrists) during a crisis intervention, defined as a short-term, face-to-face, low threshold, time-limited, outpatient, and voluntary intervention to cope with crises. Studies were excluded if they were published before 2007, in languages other than English and German, and if they couldn’t be accessed. Included studies were summarized, compared, and synthesized using qualitative content analyses. Results 3.741 records were identified, of which 8 met the eligibility criteria. Only one study directly focused on the relationship; the others addressed varied aspects. Two studies explored the perspectives of service users, five focused on those of the professionals and one study examined both. The empirical literature was categorized into three main themes: strategies used to develop a supportive professional relationship, factors influencing the relationship and the nature of these relationships. Discussion The results reveal a gap in understanding the nature of supportive professional relationships from the service users’ perspective, as well as how professionals construct these relationships.
Kindlin-2 Regulates the Oncogenic Activities of Integrins and TGF-β In Triple Negative Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis

Background Kindlin-2, an adaptor protein, is dysregulated in various human cancers, including triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), where it drives tumor progression and metastasis by influencing several cancer hallmarks. One well-established role of Kindlin-2 involves the regulation of integrin signaling, achieved by directly binding to the cytoplasmic tail of the integrin β subunit. In this study, we present novel insights into Kindlin-2’s involvement in stabilizing the β1-Integrin:TGF-β type 1 receptor (TβRI) complexes, acting as a physical bridge that links β1-Integrin to TβRI. The loss of Kindlin-2 results in the degradation of this protein complex, leading to the inhibition of downstream oncogenic pathways. Methods Our methodology encompassed a diverse range of in vitro assays, including CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, cell migration, 3D tumorsphere formation and invasion, solid binding, co-immunoprecipitation, cell adhesion and spreading assays, as well as western blot and flow cytometry analyses, utilizing MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 TNBC cell lines. Additionally, preclinical in vivo mouse models of TNBC tumor progression and metastasis were employed to substantiate our findings. Results The investigation revealed that the direct interaction between Kindlin-2 and β1-Integrin is mediated through the C-terminal F3 domain of Kindlin-2, while the interaction between Kindlin-2 and TβRI is facilitated through the F2 domain of Kindlin-2. Disruption of this bridge, achieved via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of Kindlin-2, led to the degradation of β1-Integrin and TβRI, resulting in the inhibition of oncogenic pathways downstream of both proteins, subsequently hindering tumor growth and metastasis. Treatment of Kindlin-2-deficient cells with the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 restored the expression of both β1-Integrin and TβRI. Furthermore, the rescue of Kindlin-2 expression reinstated their oncogenic activities both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions This study identifies a novel function of Kindlin-2 in stabilizing the β1-Integrin:TβR1 complexes and regulating their downstream oncogenic signaling. The translational implications of these findings are substantial, potentially unveiling new therapeutically targeted pathways crucial for the treatment of TNBC tumors.
Triadic signatures of global human mobility networks

Global refugee and migrant flows form complex networks with serious consequences for both sending and receiving countries as well as those in between. While several basic network properties of these networks have been documented, their finer structural character remains under-studied. One such structure is the triad significance profile (TSP). In this study, the TSPs of global refugee and migrant flow networks are assessed. Results indicate that the migrant flow network’s size and TSP remain stable over the years; its TSP shares patterns with social networks such as trade networks. In contrast, the refugee network has been more dynamic and structurally unstable; its TSP shares patterns with networks in the information-processing superfamily, which includes many biological networks. Our findings demonstrate commonality between migrant and social networks as well as between refugee and biological networks, pointing to possible interdisciplinary collaboration—e.g., application of biological network theories to refugee network dynamics—, potentially furthering theoretical development with respect to both network theory and theories on human mobility.
Comparison of manual chest compression versus mechanical chest compression for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate intervention to increase the prospect of survival. There are various ways to achieve cardiopulmonary resuscitation in such patients, either through manual chest compression or mechanical chest compression. Thus, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the differences between these interventions. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were explored from inception to May 2023. Additionally, the bibliographies of relevant studies were searched. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Controlled Trials, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies-I tools were utilized to perform quality and risk of bias assessments. Results: There were 24 studies included within this quantitative synthesis, featuring a total of 111,681 cardiac arrest patients. Overall, no statistically significant differences were observed between the return of spontaneous circulation, survival to hospital discharge, short-term survival, and long-term survival. However, manual chest compression was associated with a significantly superior favorability of neurological outcomes (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.84; P = .01). Conclusion: Although there were no major differences between the strategies, the poorer post-resuscitation neurological outcomes observed in mechanical chest compression indicate the need for further innovation and advancements within the current array of mechanical devices. However, future high-quality studies are necessary in order to arrive at a valid conclusion.
Are Familiar Objects More Likely to Be Noticed in an Inattentional Blindness Task?

People often fail to notice the presence of unexpected objects when their attention is engaged elsewhere. In dichotic listening tasks, for example, people often fail to notice unexpected content in the ignored speech stream even though they occasionally do notice highly familiar stimuli like their own name (the “cocktail party” effect). Some of the first studies of inattentional blindness were designed as a visual analog of such dichotic listening studies, but relatively few inattentional blindness studies have examined how familiarity affects noticing. We conducted four preregistered inattentional blindness experiments (total N = 1700) to examine whether people are more likely to notice a familiar unexpected object than an unfamiliar one. Experiment 1 replicated evidence for greater noticing of upright schematic faces than inverted or scrambled ones. Experiments 2–4 tested whether participants from different pairs of countries would be more likely to notice their own nation’s flag or petrol company logo than those of another country. These experiments repeatedly found little or no evidence that familiarity affects noticing rates for unexpected objects. Frequently encountered and highly familiar stimuli do not appear to overcome inattentional blindness.
Researchers’ experiences of the design and conduct challenges associated with parallel-group cluster-randomised trials and views on a novel open-cohort design

Background Two accepted designs exist for parallel-group cluster-randomised trials (CRTs). Closed-cohort designs follow the same individuals over time with a single recruitment period before randomisation, but face challenges in settings with high attrition. (Repeated) cross-sectional designs recruit at one or more timepoints before and/or after randomisation, collecting data from different individuals present in the cluster at these timepoints, but are unsuitable for assessment of individual change over time. An ‘open-cohort’ design allows individual follow-up with recruitment before and after cluster-randomisation, but little literature exists on acceptability to inform their use in CRTs. Aim To document the views and experiences of expert trialists to identify: a) Design and conduct challenges with established parallel-group CRT designs, b) Perceptions of potential benefits and barriers to implementation of open-cohort CRTs, c) Methods for minimising, and investigating the impact of, bias in open-cohort CRTs. Methods Qualitative consultation via two expert workshops including triallists (n = 24) who had worked on CRTs over a range of settings. Workshop transcripts were analysed using Descriptive Thematic Analysis utilising inductive and deductive coding. Results Two central organising concepts were developed. Design and conduct challenges with established CRT designs confirmed that current CRT designs are unable to deal with many of the complex research and intervention circumstances found in some trial settings (e.g. care homes). Perceptions of potential benefits and barriers of open cohort designs included themes on: approaches to recruitment; data collection; analysis; minimising/investigating the impact of bias; and how open-cohort designs might address or present CRT design challenges. Open-cohort designs were felt to provide a solution for some of the challenges current CRT designs present in some settings. Conclusions Open-cohort CRT designs hold promise for addressing the challenges associated with standard CRT designs. Research is needed to provide clarity around definition and guidance on application.
The Role of Surface Plasmon-Polaritons in the Propagation of Light in Sub-Wavelength Slits

Over the past few decades optics has begun to take over some of the duties of electronics. The primary focus of recent study in electronics has been miniaturization; meanwhile, a similar trend has begun in optics research with the growth of the nano-optics field. One of the key interests of this field is surface plasmon-polaritons, propagating light which is bound to the interface between a metal and a dielectric.Electromagnetic waves in the form of surface plasmons break some of the rules of classical optics. Classical optics predicts that light cannot propagate through an aperture much smaller than about half its wavelength - the best it can do is "tunnel" through, which tends to result in weak transmission when the aperture is reasonably long. Experimentally, it has been shown that the wavelength dependence is significantly different than predicted by classical theory. Some structures have been shown to produce even more astonishing results; for example, a thick nano-slit array can exhibit near 100% normalized peak transmission.The purpose of this thesis will be to analytically and numerically study light propagation in sub-wavelength metallic slits. It will be shown that symmetric surface plasmon modes are the primary carriers of electromagnetic power in a sufficiently small slit. The dynamics of the power and polarization charge inherent in the propagation of these modes will be analyzed. Finally, these topics will be discussed with respect to possible applications, focusing on the utilization of sub-wavelength metallic slits for chemical sensing.
ProcMiner: Advancing Process Analysis and Management

This paper contributes both to research and practice on process mining. Previous research on process mining has focused on mining patterns from event log files to generate process models. The process mining approach adopted in this paper is focused on producing patterns about process models, not the models themselves. The approach is demonstrated by ProcMiner – an explorative research prototype for management, consolidating, publishing, retrieving, and analyzing process models. Content-based document clustering is applied to process models represented as XML database in order to find topical groups from models. In practice, organizations face numerous challenges in managing their process models. The models may be heterogeneous or ambiguous. The modeling software may change over time or due to differences in departmental purchases. ProcMiner was used in quality system development initiative at the University of Jyväskylä. The findings support previous model engineering research, showing that multiple actions are needed to ensure consistency of process models, and to make them efficiently manageable.
Diverse modes of chromosome terminal deletion in spontaneous canavanine-resistant Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutants

Canavanine resistance has been used to analyze mutation rates in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe . However, the genetic basis of canavanine resistance in this organism remains incompletely understood. Here, we performed whole genome sequencing on five spontaneously arising canavanine-resistant S. pombe mutants, including the can2-1 mutant isolated in the 1970s. This analysis revealed that three mutants, including can2-1 , experienced terminal deletions of the left arm of chromosome II, leading to the loss of multiple amino acid transporter genes. Interestingly, these three mutants underwent chromosome terminal deletion through distinct mechanisms, including homology-driven translocation, homology-independent chromosome fusion, and de novo telomere addition. Our findings shed new light on the genetic basis of canavanine resistance and mechanisms underlying chromosome terminal deletions in fission yeast.
Identiﬁcation and Characterization of Biomarkers and Their Role in Opioid Addiction by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis

associated with the DEGs. We further constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks using the STRING database and used 10 different calculation methods to validate the hub genes. Finally, we utilized the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) to identify the DEG with the highest sequence similarity in mouse and detected the change in expression of the hub genes in this animal model using RT-qPCR. We identiﬁed three key genes, ADCY9 , PECAM1 , and IL4 . ADCY9 expression decreased in the nucleus accumbens of opioid-addicted mice compared with control mice, which was consistent with the change seen in humans. The importance and originality of this study are provided by two aspects. Firstly, we used a variety of calculation methods to obtain hub genes; secondly, we exploited homology analysis to solve the difﬁcult challenge that addiction-related experiments cannot be carried out in patients or healthy individuals. In short, this study not only explores potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of opioid addiction but also provides new ideas for subsequent research on opioid addiction.