Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating and Improving TROPICS Millimeter‐Wave Sounder's Precipitation Estimate Over Ocean

This paper examines precipitation retrievals from Kidd et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14132992) by applying the Precipitation Retrieval and Profiling Scheme to data observed by the NASA Time‐Resolved Observations of Precipitation structure and storm Intensity with a Constellation of Smallsats (TROPICS) Millimeter‐wave Sounder (TMS) onboard the TROPICS Pathfinder satellite, a precursor to the TROPICS mission. We first compare the TMS precipitation retrieval performance over ocean with those from seven current operational passive microwave radiometers, including four conical scanning sensors [Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounders (SSMISs) onboard F16/F17/F18 satellites, and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2)] and three cross track scanning sensors [Microwave Humidity Sounders onboard NOAA19 and MetOpB satellites, and the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder onboard the National Polar‐orbiting Partnership satellite], using precipitation estimates from Global Precipitation Measurement Mission Microwave Imager (GMI) as the reference. We show that TMS performs similarly to the current operational cross track scanning sensors, while worse than conical scanning sensors largely due to the lack of low frequency channels (e.g., 19 GHz). Second, we create an adjusted TMS precipitation retrievals by combining the original TMS precipitation and the precipitation propagated from AMSR2 and SSMISs to the time/location of the TMS overpass, using our previously developed microwave‐to‐microwave propagation technique. Results show that the adjusted TMS precipitation performs better than the original TMS estimates. For example, the correlation of the original TMS and GMI estimates is 0.35 but increases to 0.49 when the adjusted TMS result is compared to GMI. The propagation technique lays the foundation to improve TMS precipitation when incorporating them into level‐3 merged products.
Basal friction of Ice Stream E, West Antarctica

Abstract We use surface velocity derived from sequential Landsat imagery and a control method to estimate the basal-friction distribution of a major West Antarctic ice stream. The area-averaged basal stress is approximately 1.4 × 104 Pa, or about 29% of the area-averaged driving stress of 4.9 × 104 Pa. Uncertainty of the derived area-averaged basal stress is difficult to assess and depends primarily on spatial variation of the flow-law rate factor in the constitutive law. Spatial variation associated with depth-averaged temperature variation gives an uncertainty of approximately ±103 Pa. Approximately 60% of the ice stream has a basal-stress magnitude less than 104 Pa, and approximately 30% has less than 103 Pa. These characteristics suggest the presence of a mechanically weak, water-charged subglacial till. Small-scale sticky spots where basal friction exceeds the area-averaged driving stress are scattered irregularly across the subglacial regime and comprise approximately 15% of the ice-stream area. Sticky spots cluster in regions where Landsat imagery suggests structural features in the underlying bedrock.
QTL mapping and stability analysis of trichome density in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.)

Trichomes provide an excellent model for studying cell differentiation and proliferation. The aboveground tissues of plants with long dense trichomes (LDTs) can cause skin itching in people working in a zucchini field, in which management, pollination, and fruit harvesting are difficult. In this study, an F2 population was constructed with the LDT inbred line “16” and the sparse micro trichome (SMT) inbred line “63” for QTL analysis of type I and II trichome density. Two QTLs were identified on chromosomes 3 and 15 using the QTL-seq method. Additionally, 191 InDel markers were developed on 20 chromosomes, a genetic map was constructed for QTL mapping, and three QTLs were identified on chromosomes 3, 6, and 15. Two QTLs, CpTD3.1 and CpTD15.1, were identified in both QTL-seq and genetic map-based QTL analyses, and CpTD15.1 was the major-effect QTL. The stability of CpTD3.1 and CpTD15.1 was confirmed using data from F2 plants under different environmental conditions. The major-effect QTL CpTD15.1 was located between markers chr15-4991349 and chr15-5766791, with a physical distance of 775.44 kb, and explained 12.71%–29.37% of the phenotypic variation observed in the three environments. CpTD3.1 was located between markers chr3-218350 and chr3-2891236, in a region with a physical distance of 2,672.89 kb, and explained 5.00%–10.64% of the phenotypic variation observed in the three environments. The functional annotations of the genes within the CpTD15.1 region were predicted, and five genes encoding transcription factors regulating trichome development were selected. Cp4.1LG15g04400 encoded zinc finger protein (ZFP) and harbored nonsynonymous SNPs in the conserved ring finger domain between the two parental lines. There were significant differences in Cp4.1LG15g04400 expression between “16” and “63”, and a similar pattern was found between germplasm resources of LDT lines and SMT lines. It was presumed that Cp4.1LG15g04400 might regulate trichome density in zucchini. These results lay a foundation for better understanding the density of multicellular nonglandular trichomes and the regulatory mechanism of trichome density in zucchini.
A new view on the generic classification of the Agabus-group of genera of the Agabini, aimed at solving the problem with a paraphyletic Agabus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae).

The generic classification of the Agabus-group of genera of the tribe Agabini (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) is revised and presented as a checklist of the world species. In the new classification, the following six genera are recognized: Agabus LEACH, Hydronebrius JAKOVLEV, Hydrotrupes SHARP, Ilybius ERICHSON, Ilybiosoma CROTCH, and Platambus THOMSON. The concepts of Ilybius and Platambus have been expanded, and both genera now include additional species previously placed in Agabus. The genus Agabus is divided into the three subgenera: Agabus s.str. , Acatodes THOMSON, and Gaurodytes THOMSON. The following new generic synonymies are given: Agabinus CROTCH, 1873, and Colymbinectes FALKENSTROM, 1936 = Platambus THOMSON, 1859; Carrhydrus FALL, 1922 = Agabus LEACH, 1817. Ilybius lenensis nom.n. is proposed as replacement name for /. aenescens POPPIUS, 1905.
STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF DOSULEPIN HYDROCHLORIDE AND METHYLCOBALAMIN IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM

Objective: To develop an accurate, simple, rapid, precise, economic and stability indicating RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of dosulepin hydrochloride and methylcobalamin in tablet dosage form and validate as per ICH guidelines. Methods: The column used was Kromasil C 18 (250 X 4.6 mm, 5 µm), with a mobile phase containing acetonitrile: phosphate buffer pH 3 adjusted with o-phosphoric acid (60:40) with a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The effluents obtained were monitored at 285 nm with photodiode array detector. Dosulepin hydrochloride and methylcobalamin were subjected to stress degradation conditions like hydrolysis (acid and base), oxidation, thermal and photolysis degradation. The samples subjected to stress degradation were analysed by the developed method. Results: The retention time for dosulepin hydrochloride and methylcobalamin was found to be 7.99 min and 1.97 min, respectively. The linearity of developed method was achieved in the range of 165-495 μg/ml for dosulepin hydrochloride and 5-15 μg/ml for methylcobalamin. The detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) limits were found to be 0.75 µg/ml and 2.28 µg/ml for dosulepin hydrochloride and 0.040 µg/ml and 0.121 µg/ml for methylcobalamin respectively. In the stability studies, it was observed that there is no interference of the degradation products with drug samples. Conclusion: An accurate simple, rapid, precise, linear and stability indicating RP-HPLC method was developed for simultaneous quantitative estimation of dosulepin hydrochloride and methylcobalamin both in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines. This method holds good for the routine analysis of dosulepin hydrochloride and methylcobalamin in various pharmaceutical industries as well as in academics.
Influence of Parental Involvement On the Pilgrim Christian College Basic Education Students’ Developmental Skills Amisdt Global Pandemic

Parental Involvement plays a significant part in children’s growth and development. This study investigated the parental involvement on their children’s developmental skills. A total of 30 parents of Pilgrim Christian College participated in the study amidst the global pandemic. A questionnaire containing the items from Epstein’s parental involvement, and ECCD checklist of basic education’s developmental skills. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression were used to organize the data. Findings reveal that the components of parental involvement were rated as very high, except volunteerism which was rated as high. The children’s developmental domains were rated as very high. Parental involvement significantly influenced the children’s developmental skills. The study affirms that parental involvement has greatly contributed to the development of their children’s skills, and it points to the need for the development of the children’s emotions. Parents may continue their involvement for their children’s education especially in getting and returning modules and other activities.
Does the Glandular Tolerant to McL-1 Inhibitor S63845?

MCL-1 is an anti-apoptotic protein that regulates cell apoptosis and has been observed in over-expression in manycancer. It makes the MCL-1 an available target. S63845 is introduced to treat cancer, an inhibitor with a high affinity toMCL-1. However, the tolerability of the human body to the treatment remains unanswered. Therefore in this paper, wedesigned the experiment to test the tolerability of regular issue glandular with cancerous individuals of the same cellline, the apoptosis will be tested by the MTT theory, and the direct production of inhibition --BAX will be measuredby western blot. The result is predicted, and this work will provide meaningful information for future cancer treatment.Future studies should focus on cooperation with other BCL-2 inhibitors and the impact of the treatment.
Position of Ice Divides and Ice Centers on Ice Sheets

Model calculations are made of the magnitude of the shift of the portion of an ice divide on a two dimensional ice sheet and of the “center” (the position of highest elevation) of a circular ice sheet when the rate of accumulation is different on different sides or in different sectors of an ice sheet. It is concluded that gross changes in the accumulation pattern are required to cause an appreciable shift of the position of ice divides or ice centers if the positions of the edge of the ice sheet are fixed.
Development of Short-term Membrane-based Cultivation Combined with Dual-target Melting Analysis for Rapid Differentiation of Common Candida Species

Background: Candida is the main causative agent of severe mucosal and invasive candidiasis. Different species of Candida have shown varying levels of resistance to antifungal treatments. It is estimated that each 12-hour delay in antifungal treatment is associated with a significant increase in patient mortality and treatment costs. The culture method is regarded as the gold standard for identifying Candida species, but its time-consuming process is a clear disadvantage. Objectives: This study established a method using membrane technology combined with dual-target melting analysis for rapid cultivation and identification of common Candida species. This method is expected to preserve the advantages of the conventional culture method and improve upon its weaknesses while also evaluating the practical application of the method. Methods: A microfiltration membrane-based culture followed by a color indicator method was established to rapidly cultivate Candida cultures. The 5.8S ribosomal DNA region and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region were used as target gene regions, for which two sets of primers were employed. Melting analysis following dual-target real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to distinguish among Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, and C. krusei. To evaluate its practical application, the method was tested with 72 clinical isolates, and the results were compared with those obtained using the chromogenic culture method and DNA sequencing. Results: Distinctive melting temperatures in the two gene targets were detected among the four common Candida species. The entire process, from cultivation to identification, was completed within 12 hours, about 50% less time than the gold-standard method. The minimum detection limit of Candida species was 10 femtograms. The results of the identification of the clinical isolates were consistent with those of DNA sequencing. Conclusions: The short-term membrane-based cultivation combined with dual-target melting analysis can be used to rapidly, easily, and accurately identify common Candida species, thus reducing the time needed to initiate targeted treatment for patients with severe candidiasis.
Distrust by default: analysis of parent and child reactions to health misinformation exposure on TikTok

ABSTRACT Social networks have become a recurrent source of health information, but they also represent a space for the dissemination of erroneous or false information, which becomes more worrying when dealing with underage audiences. The aim of this study was to find out what resources and capabilities adolescents have to deal with the erroneous health content they receive through TikTok. To provide a comprehensive perspective, one of the parents of each sampled child was also interviewed with the aim of discovering their assessment of how their children dealt with this content. 40 interviews were carried out, and among the main findings, a common practice of distrust by default of the contents consumed on the Internet stood out, both in adults and in minors. While the latter always sought in the content an occasion to entertain themselves, parents doubted that their children were capable of recognizing erroneous information.
te Feedback Control of an ater Vehicle for Wall Following

—Wall following consists in naviga distance and orientation from a certain surfac This task is required in many application vehicles (e.g. ship hull or hydraulic dam propose a nonlinear state feedback, design embedded acoustic sensing system. The prop the associated sensor can work on very underwater vehicles at high sampling rates. Se show the ability of a single beam transduce distance and orientation of a wall, while s show how this sensing system can be successf a nonlinear state feedback controller to perf wall following with an underwater veh disturbances.
Learning to Boost Training by Periodic Nowcasting Near Future Weights

Recent complicated problems require large-scale datasets and complex model architectures, however, it is difficult to train such large networks due to high computational issues. Significant efforts have been made to make the training more efficient such as momentum, learning rate scheduling, weight regularization, and meta-learning. Based on our observations on 1) high correlation be-tween past weights and future weights, 2) conditions for beneficial weight prediction, and 3) feasibility of weight prediction, we propose a more general framework by intermittently skipping a handful of epochs by periodically forecasting near future weights, i.e., a Weight Nowcaster Network (WNN). As an add-on module, WNN predicts the future weights to make the learning process faster regardless of tasks and architectures. Experimental results show that WNN can significantly save actual time cost for training with an additional marginal time to train WNN. We validate the generalization capability of WNN under various tasks, and demonstrate that it works well even for unseen tasks. The code and pre-trained model are available at https://github.com/jjh6297/WNN.
Overcoming Language Priors for Visual Question Answering via Loss Rebalancing Label and Global Context

Despite the advances in Visual Question Answering (VQA), many VQA models currently suffer from language priors (i.e. generating answers directly from questions without using images), which severely reduces their robustness in real-world scenarios. We propose a novel training strategy called Loss Rebalancing Label and Global Context (LRLGC) to alleviate the above problem. Speciﬁ-cally, the Loss Rebalancing Label (LRL) is dynamically constructed based on the degree of sample bias to accurately adjust losses across samples and ensure a more balanced form of total losses in VQA. In addition, the Global Context (GC) provides the model with valid global information to assist the model in predicting answers more accurately. Finally, the model is trained through an ensemble-based approach that retains the beneﬁ-cial effects of biased samples on the model while reducing their importance. Our approach is model-agnostic and enables end-to-end training. Extensive experimental results show that LRLGC (1) improves performance for various VQA models and (2) performs competitively in the VQA-CP v2 benchmark test.
Paleoseismic investigations at the Cal thrust fault, Mendoza, Argentina

Along the active mountain front of the Andean Precordillera between 30°S and 34°S in western Argentina several earthquakes occurred in recent times, including a 7.0 Ms event in 1861 which destroyed the city of Mendoza and killed two thirds of its population. The 1861 event and two other earthquakes (Ms = 5.7 in 1929 and Ms = 5.6 in 1967) were generated on the Cal thrust fault, which extends over a distance of 31 km north-south and runs straight through the center of Mendoza. In the city, which has now more than 1 million inhabitants, the fault forms a 3-m-high fault scarp. Although the Cal thrust fault poses a serious seismic hazard, the paleoseismologic history of this fault and its long-term slip rate remains largely unknown (Mingorance, 2006). We present the first results of an ongoing paleoseismologic study of the Cal thrust at a site located 5 km north of Mendoza. Here, the fault offsets Late Holocene alluvial fan sediments by 2.5 m vertically and exhibits a well developed fault scarp. A 15-m-long and 2-3-m-deep trench across the scarp reveals three east-vergent folds that we interpret to have formed during three earthquakes. Successive retrodeformation of the two youngest folds suggests that the most recent event (presumably the 1861 earthquake) caused ∼1.1 m of vertical offset and ∼1.8 m of horizontal shortening. For the penultimate event we obtain a vertical offset of ∼0.7 m and a horizontal shortening of ∼1.9 m. A vertical displacement of ∼0.7 m observed on a steeply west-dipping fault may be associated with an older event. The cumulative vertical offset of 2.5 m for the three inferred events is in excellent agreement with the height of the scarp. Based on the retrodeformation of the trench deposits the fault plane dips ∼25° to the west. In the deepest part of the trench evidence for even older seismic events is preserved beneath an angular unconformity that was formed during a period of erosion and pre-dates the present-day scarp. Dating of samples to determine the recurrence interval of these seismic events and the long-term slip rate of the fault is in progress.
Using Foraminifera to Teach Paleoenvironmental Interpretation and Geoarchaeology: A Case Study from Folly Island, South Carolina

Microfossils, and especially foraminifera, are a valuable tool for paleoenvironmental interpretations in coastal regions. Despite their utility, teaching of applied micropaleontology in undergraduate courses is limited by the difficulty of identification of some taxa. Students in the University of North Carolina Charlotte's Coastal Processes and Environments course were required to differentiate downcore paleoenvironments from back-barrier marshes near Charleston, South Carolina. Although lithology was useful for interpreting paleoenvironments, sediments, combined with a simplified approach to microfossil identification, proved most useful for determining depositional environments. Students used Civil War maps and global positioning satellite technology to locate an 1860's tidal inlet. Gouge-auger cores and foraminiferal analysis were used to stratigraphically confirm this strategically important inlet. The back-barrier marshes of Folly Island, South Carolina, is ideal for undergraduate foraminiferal research for two reasons: 1) Offshore outcrops of Oligo-Miocene strata provide foraminifera that act as a natural tracer for washover sediments and differentiate washovers from flood-tidal delta deposits and 2) morphologically distinct agglutinated foraminifera, such as M. fusca, simplify the identification of low- and high-marsh subenvironments.
How do Trained and Prospective Physiotherapists and Radiologic Technologists Face Knee Joint Effusion Profession-Specifically and Interdisciplinary?-A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is often accompanied by joint effusion that requires accurate detecting and diagnosing. In an interprofessional evidence-based practice (EBP) approach to this, physiotherapists (PTs) and radiologic technologists (RTs) should be included. While researchissults regarding the 1st pillar (external clinical evidence) and the 2nd (patients´side) pillar of EBP are available, these are still missing concerning the 3rd pillar (clinical experts´ side). Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate how PTs and RTs deal with knee joint effusion detection in the course of knee OA patients’ profession-specifically as well as how they rate the other occupational group´s competencies. Methods: An online survey consisting of open and closed questions was conducted in the period from 31st of January 2023 till 6th of March 2023 to collect data. PTs, RTs as well as physiotherapy students (PTSs) and radiologic technology students (RTSs) were defined as target groups. A structuring content analysis was used to evaluate open questions. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyses closed questions. Results: PTs and PTSs determined at least one of the cardinal symptoms of inflammation, inspection, palpation, the patellar tap test, and circumference measurement as knee effusion detection possibilities in patients´ with knee OA. In contrast, the modified stroke test and the bulge sign were hardly mentioned. The majority of RTs and RTSs stated that MRI was the first-choice imaging to detect effusion followed by sonography. Focusing on specific signs in radiologic imaging modalities fluid on T2 sequences in MRI, hypoechoic area on sonography, swelling on conventional radiography, fluid accumulation on CT and radionuclide uptake on scintigraphy were frequently mentioned. Among all 4 participating occupational groups, PTs and RTs were among the top 5 mentioned professions that have knee effusion detection competencies. There is no significant difference regarding the other occupational group´s knee effusion detection competencies. The participants rated them consistently as “rather competent” most frequently. Conclusion: The authors study results indicate that there are some discrepancies among PTs, PTSs, RTs and RTSs in regard to the 1st and 3rd pillar of EBP. All occupational groups show partly contradictory or lack of in-depth knowledge regarding frequently applied and suggested diagnostic procedures in literature. Implementing relevant training formats should be considered in the future.