Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EMPIRICAL STUDY REGARDING THE DETERMINING FACTORS OF THE ROMANIAN COMPANIES COMPETITIVENESS

The complexity of the concept of competitiveness lies in the fact that the term is used in various levels of aggregation, allowing the generation of its different meanings at microeconomic, mezzo-economic and macroeconomic level. This study is focused on the concept of company competitiveness, on the relevant factors in order to analyze and explain the advantage of competitiveness for a company in regard to another, as well as the dimension and intensity which it uses the sponsors' capital, the organizational capital, the human capital, the innovational capital and the capital represented by the customers portfolio. Secondly, using the questionnaire method as a research method, the objective of this paper is to provide some empirical evidences designed to assess the factors determining the Romanian company competitiveness on the competitive market. By using an initial dataset of 300 companies, which are part of the 14 fields of activity provided in the activity classification of the national economy, Reviewed NACE 2, we have made their classification on size classes, taking into account as classification criteria the number of employees, the annual net turnover and the value of the total assets held, then testing the opinions of the managers from the selected sample concerning the factors determining the competitiveness of the companies they manage. According to the results, the analysis of the sample structure reflects the control of microenterprises followed by the small and medium sized enterprises. The manner of administration and organization and the quality of the employed human factor are influenced by the company dimension and position held on the market. We consider that the managers of the small size companies, as well as the ones from the provided sample, rely on a preponderant intuitive management, they deal the administered businesses based on the spur of the moment inspiration, make decisions subjectively not starting from objective economic criteria, being concerned only with the management of the current problems. Since they aren't the beneficiaries of a managerial education, they don't possess the necessary competences to focus on the elaboration of certain strategies by which to provide competitiveness and performance on the long-term. However, the managers' training and competence influence on the identification and use of the factors which are able to provide the company development.
Flexibility of the labor market

This dissertation is comprised of three essays about flexibility of the labor market. It is possible to distinguish three broad research themes in the thesis: hours, unemployment and wage losses of displaced workers. Overall, it is difficult to draw general conclusions regarding such different specific topics. Fewer hours will allow for the same work to be shared by more workers. However, unemployment duration is longer (not only in Europe but also in the U.S.) and flexibility is needed in terms of increasing labor mobility and therefore reducing the duration of the unemployment spell. The information that is passed to the employer through the schooling signal does not promote more job offers to the more educated unemployed. This finding raises the importance of discussing the interest of providing vocational training in order to help these workers to find a job. In terms of earnings losses of displaced workers we know that these losses are large and persistent. These losses are largely explained by the long-term joblessness. The wage losses experienced by the displaced worker are explained by the allocation into lower-paid job titles and sorting into low wage firms.
Agreement Constraints for Statistical Machine Translation into German

Languages with rich inflectional morphology pose a difficult challenge for statistical machine translation. To address the problem of morphologically inconsistent output, we add unification-based constraints to the target-side of a string-to-tree model. By integrating constraint evaluation into the decoding process, implausible hypotheses can be penalised or filtered out during search. We use a simple heuristic process to extract agreement constraints for German and test our approach on an English-German system trained on WMT data, achieving a small improvement in translation accuracy as measured by BLEU.
The Principal's Quick-Reference Guide to School Law: Reducing Liability, Litigation, and Other Potential Legal Tangles

Preface and Advisement About the Authors Introduction 1. Preventive Law: Developing Risk and Crisis Management Programs 2. The School and the Legal Environment Section A: Foundations of the School's Relatinoship to the Legal Environment Section B: Clauses of and Amendments to the US Constitution That Affect Education Practice Section C: Landmark Supreme Court Rulings That Affect Education Practice Section D: Highlights of Selected Portions of Federal Statutes That Affect Education Practice Section E: Workers' Compensation Section F: Legal Status of School Choice Section G: Statute of Limitations on Federal Cases 3. Constitutional and Statutory Foundations of Staff Selection, Contracting, and Evaluation Section A: Equal Employment Section B: Staff Selection Section C: Negligent Hiring, Defamation, and Referencing Section D: Performance Evaluation 4. Teachers' Rights Section A: Licensure and Employment Contracts Section B: Teachers' Rights Section C: Teacher Behaviors 5. Students' Rights Section A: Students' Rights to Symbolic Expression Section B: Students' Rights to Oral and Written Expression Section C: Students' Rights Related to Privacy, Search, and Seizure Section D: Students' Rights of Freedom to Assembly 6. Student Discipline Section A: Exclusion From School Section B: Corporal, Reasonable, and Excessive Punishment, Intentional Torts Section C: Disciplining Students for Acts Off School Grounds Section D: Liability for the Violation of Student Rights Section E: Zero Tolerance 7. Principal's Role in Special Education Services Section A: Key Terminology and Principles in Special Education Law Section B: Special Education Procedures 8. Academic Issues and Student Records Section A: Grade Assignment, Grade Reduction, Minimum Competency Tests Section B: Participation in Extracurricular Activities Section C: Student Records 9. Copyright Law 10. Search and Seizure 11. Program Management Section A: School Attendance Section B: Bilingual and Special Language Programs Section C: Religion in Public Schools Section D: "The Marketplace of Ideas" Section E: Health and Safety Issues 12. Students' Use of Technology, Social Media, and Other Emerging Cyber Issues Section A: Students' Right to Possess Electronic Devices and School District Ability to Search for and Within Electronic Devices Section B: Student Misconduct Using Technology On and Off School Grounds Section C: Cyber-Bullying and Harassment Section D: The Use of Technology by Schools to Monitor Students 13. Sexual Harassment 14. Danger Creation 15. Duty and Standards of Care: Liability for Negligence Section A: The Law of Torts and the Concept of Negligence Section B: The Concept of Negligence and its Application to Duty and Standards of Care Section C: The Concepts of Negligence, Duty, and Standards of Care and Their Application to Proper Instruction, Proper Supervision, Proper Maintenance, Field Trips, Post-Injury Treatment, Athletic Liability, and Spectator Safety Index
An Energy Consumption Model for GPU Computing at Instruction Level

With the development of hardware and software, GPU has been used in Ggeneral-Purpose computation field. The high density of computing resource on chip bring in high performance as well as high power consumption. So the power consumption of GPU has increasingly become one of the most important issue for the development of general computing with GPUs. However, few research focus on estimating the energy consumption of GPU during the computing process. The goal of this study is to build energy consumption model that can predict the energy consumed in the computing phase for various GPUs applications. Our approach is to analyze the PTX code generated by the complier and count the dynamic instruction number that is the challenging problem. The average power can be obtained through this model. And the energy consumption is the product of the average power and the executing time. The experimental results reveal that the average relative error between the prediction model and the measured value is less than 5 percent. It can conclude that the power consumption model from the instruction level can effectively predict the application’ energy consumption.
Pinin associates with prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma through promoting cell proliferation and suppressing glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis

The roles of Pinin have been well studied in epithelial cell-cell adhesion and RNA alternative splicing, which suggests its involvement in cancer progression. However, little is known about the association between Pinin expression and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis. In this study we report increased expression of Pinin in HCC tissues and cells. Elevated levels of Pinin closely associates with pathological grade and overall survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Suppression of Pinin expression via lentivirus mediated shRNA knockdown inhibits HCC cell proliferation, colony formation, cell viability, but promotes glucose deprivation (GD)-induced cell apoptosis. On the contrary, overexpression of Pinin reverses these effects observed in Pinin depleted cells. Meanwhile, overexpression of Pinin attenuates GD initiated poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage and ERK1/2 dephosphorylation, which can be completely blocked with MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126. Therefore, we conclude that Pinin contributes to HCC progression and resistance to GD-induced apoptosis via maintaining ERK1/2 activation and hence may be a potential therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
Regulating Banks in Central and Eastern Europe: Through Crisis and Boom

1. Introduction 2. The Quest for Financial Stability: Determinants of Regulatory Approach in Banking Supervision 3. Economic Reform Path and Bank Privatization 4. Institutional Design of Banking Supervision in Central and Eastern Europe and Party Politics 5. Banking Supervision Approaches during Credit Booms 6. At the EU Negotiating Table: What Role for National Bank Supervisors after EU Accession? 7. Conclusion
Powering Filtration Process of Cyber Security Ecosystem Using Knowledge Graph

Cyber Security breaches and attacks are on the ascendancy as corporations, governments, universities, and private individuals are conducting their business and personal transactions on the web. This increasing participating on the web necessitates that robust and efficient cyber security systems need to be put in place by these entities to safeguard their cyber assets. Intelligent Systems needs to be employed to buttress the cyber security protocols established in cloud computing for proper decision-making, which may depend on the effective knowledge representation. However, as one of the dominant industry standards for knowledge representation, Web Ontology Language (OWL) has limitations, such as the lack of support for custom relations. Pace University has extended OWL to support Knowledge Graph as a replacement to better support knowledge representation and decision making. This paper examines using KG as the basis in the design of a knowledge-representation system that drives the filtration process of a company's cyber security ecosystem in cloud computing by employing a use case of cyber security communications in-order to identify the entity relations of threat types for the filtration process.
Optimization of geofield queries

In spatial analysis object- and field-oriented representations of spatial entities are needed. Geoobjects are used to model discrete entities such as districts or roads and geofields for continuous phenomena such as air pollution or temperature over a given region. The term geofield query denotes a query regarding geofields. This paper addresses geofield query processing by introducing: (a) PNR representation - relational representation of geofields and geoobjects based on Peano N space-filling curve and relation-valued attributes, (b) Peano algebra - a set of operations extending relational algebra with operations for processing geofields and geoobjects in PNR representation, and (c) geofield queries optimization rules. Presented Peano algebra and optimization rules made it possible to evaluate geofield queries much faster than in classical raster representation.
"Good governance" in monetary policy and the negative real effects of inflation targeting in developing economies

This paper analyzes the growth effects of inflation targeting regimes in emerging market economies. In particular, it focuses on the case of three Latin American economies where the inflation targeting framework has been implemented, namely Brazil, Chile and Mexico. It is argued that not only monetary policy is procyclical under inflation targeting, but also that it is likely to react in an asymmetric way to fluctuations in economic activity and exchange rates (too ‘tight’ during recessions, not so ‘loose’ during expansions). Such pattern may generate a downward bias in aggregate demand, with negative long-run real effects on output growth and employment. Our results suggest that monetary policy is procyclical in Brazil and Chile, and countercyclical in Mexico. Also, they suggest that monetary policy has reacted asymmetrically to economic activity in the three countries. The main economic policy implication of this study is that central banks should consider more seriously the effects of monetary policy on output and employment.
China momentum and transparency

Many listed companies in Shenzhen and Shanghai just leave from traditional business models and begin construct their modern accounting system. The transparency of financial statements quietly attract attention in these backgrounds. This study identifies that the world's second largest stock market has contrarian profit. Momentum profit for Shenzhen, Shanghai and Hong Kong are all negative and differ obviously from American or Euro in past literatures. We also point out the share-category for Shenzhen-Shanghai would lead to opposite or lower momentum profit. Another inference is that the corporations cannot compute their transparency indices have no trend and insignificant profit.
Multiway-Tree Retrieval Based on Treegrams

Large tree databases as knowledge repositories become more and more important; a prominent example are the treebanks in computational linguistics: text corpora consisting of up to five million words tagged with syntactic information. Consequently, these large amounts of structured data pose the problem of fast tree retrieval: Given a database T of labeled multiway trees and a query tree q, find efficiently all trees t ∈ T that contain q as subtree. This paper presents a generalization of the classical n-gram indexing technique for supporting fast retrieval of multiway tree structures: Treegram indexing covers database trees with subtrees of fixed height; each entry of the resulting index represents such a subtree together with the database trees that contain this subtree. The evaluation of a given query q preselects those database trees that contain all of q's cover trees and, in turn, tests these candidates rigorously for containment of q. As an application of treegram indexing, we describe the VENONA retrieval system, which handles the BHt treebank containing 508,650 phrase structure trees found in the morphosyntactical analysis of The Old Testament with altogether 3.3 million wordforms--results of a computational-linguistics project at the Ludwig-Maximilian's University of Munich.
N ov 2 00 2 Propagation of guided cold atoms

In this article we focus on the propagation of a beam of particles guided by a transversely confining potential. We consider different regimes. In the classical regime, we describe the beam by means of a set of hydrodynamic-like equations. We apply this formalism in order to investigate two practical ways for increasing the collision rate: by using a constriction or by tilting the guide. A high enough collision rate is indeed the most crucial prerequisite for reaching the quantum degenerate regime by means of evaporative cooling. In the quantum regime, we study the propagation of bosonic atoms through a constriction in two opposite regimes: the collision-less one and the Thomas-Fermi one.
Think Fast, Feel Fine, Live Long

In a 29-year study of 6,203 individuals ranging in age from 41 to 96 years at initial assessment, we evaluated the relative and combined influence of 65 mortality risk factors, which included sociodemographic variables, lifestyle attributes, medical indices, and multiple cognitive abilities. Reductions in mortality risk were most associated with higher self-rated health, female gender, fewer years as a smoker, and smaller decrements in processing speed with age. Thus, two psychological variables—subjective health status and processing speed—were among the top predictors of survival. We suggest that these psychological attributes, unlike risk factors that are more narrowly defined, reflect (and are influenced by) a broad range of health-related behaviors and characteristics. Information about these attributes can be obtained with relatively little effort or cost and—given the tractability of these measures in different cultural contexts—may prove expedient for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of conditions related to increased mortality risk in diverse human populations.
Targeting Stromal-Cancer Cell Crosstalk Networks in Ovarian Cancer Treatment

Ovarian cancer is a histologically, clinically, and molecularly diverse disease with a five-year survival rate of less than 30%. It has been estimated that approximately 21,980 new cases of epithelial ovarian cancer will be diagnosed and 14,270 deaths will occur in the United States in 2015, making it the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Ovarian tumor tissue is composed of cancer cells and a collection of different stromal cells. There is increasing evidence that demonstrates that stromal involvement is important in ovarian cancer pathogenesis. Therefore, stroma-specific signaling pathways, stroma-derived factors, and genetic changes in the tumor stroma present unique opportunities for improving the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the major components of the tumor stroma that have demonstrated supportive roles in tumor progression. In this review, we highlight various types of signaling crosstalk between ovarian cancer cells and stromal cells, particularly with CAFs. In addition to evaluating the importance of signaling crosstalk in ovarian cancer progression, we discuss approaches that can be used to target tumor-promoting signaling crosstalk and how these approaches can be translated into potential ovarian cancer treatment.
Parallel excitation with an array of transmit coils

Theoretical and experimental results are presented that establish the value of parallel excitation with a transmit coil array in accelerating excitation and managing RF power deposition. While a 2D or 3D excitation pulse can be used to induce a multidimensional transverse magnetization pattern for a variety of applications (e.g., a 2D localized pattern for accelerating spatial encoding during signal acquisition), it often involves the use of prolonged RF and gradient pulses. Given a parallel system that is composed of multiple transmit coils with corresponding RF pulse synthesizers and amplifiers, the results suggest that by exploiting the localization characteristics of the coils, an orchestrated play of shorter RF pulses can achieve desired excitation profiles faster without adding strains to gradients. A closed‐form design for accelerated multidimensional excitations is described for the small‐tip‐angle regime, and its suppression of interfering aliasing lobes from coarse excitation k‐space sampling is interpreted based on an analogy to sensitivity encoding (SENSE). With or without acceleration, the results also suggest that by taking advantage of the extra degrees of freedom inherent in a parallel system, parallel excitation provides better management of RF power deposition while facilitating the faithful production of desired excitation profiles. Sample accelerated and specific absorption rate (SAR)‐reduced excitation pulses were designed in this study, and evaluated in experiments. Magn Reson Med 51:775–784, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Tissue Biomarker Panel Predicting Systemic Progression after PSA Recurrence Post-Definitive Prostate Cancer Therapy

Background Many men develop a rising PSA after initial therapy for prostate cancer. While some of these men will develop a local or metastatic recurrence that warrants further therapy, others will have no evidence of disease progression. We hypothesized that an expression biomarker panel can predict which men with a rising PSA would benefit from further therapy. Methodology/Principal Findings A case-control design was used to test the association of gene expression with outcome. Systemic (SYS) progression cases were men post-prostatectomy who developed systemic progression within 5 years after PSA recurrence. PSA progression controls were matched men post-prostatectomy with PSA recurrence but no evidence of clinical progression within 5 years. Using expression arrays optimized for paraffin-embedded tissue RNA, 1021 cancer-related genes were evaluated–including 570 genes implicated in prostate cancer progression. Genes from 8 previously reported marker panels were included. A systemic progression model containing 17 genes was developed. This model generated an AUC of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.84–0.92). Similar AUCs were generated using 3 previously reported panels. In secondary analyses, the model predicted the endpoints of prostate cancer death (in SYS cases) and systemic progression beyond 5 years (in PSA controls) with hazard ratios 2.5 and 4.7, respectively (log-rank p-values of 0.0007 and 0.0005). Genes mapped to 8q24 were significantly enriched in the model. Conclusions/Significance Specific gene expression patterns are significantly associated with systemic progression after PSA recurrence. The measurement of gene expression pattern may be useful for determining which men may benefit from additional therapy after PSA recurrence.
Quantum key distribution with realistic states: photon-number statistics in the photon-number splitting attack

Quantum key distribution can be performed with practical signal sources such as weak coherent pulses. One example of such a scheme is the Bennett-Brassard protocol that can be implemented via polarization of the signals, or equivalent signals. It turns out that the most powerful tool at the disposition of an eavesdropper is the photon-number splitting attack. We show that this attack can be extended in the relevant parameter regime so as to preserve the Poissonian photon number distribution of the combination of the signal source and the lossy channel.
A Joint Characterization of Belief Revision Rules 1

This paper characterizes di¤erent belief revision rules in a uni ed framework: Bayesian revision upon learning some event, Je¤rey revision upon learning new probabilities of some events, Adams revision upon learning some new conditional probabilities, and dual-Je¤reyrevision upon learning an entire new conditional probability function. Though seemingly di¤erent, these revision rules follow from the same two principles: responsiveness, which requires that revised beliefs be consistent with the learning experience, and conservativeness, which requires that those beliefs of the agent on which the learning experience is silent(in a technical sense) do not change. So, the four revision rules apply the same revision policy, yet to di¤erent kinds of learning experience.