Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute and persistent effects of oral glutamine supplementation on growth, cellular proliferation, and tight junction protein transcript abundance in jejunal tissue of low and normal birthweight pre-weaning piglets

Breeding for higher fertility has resulted in a higher number of low birthweight (LBW) piglets. It has been shown that LBW piglets grow slower than normal birthweight (NBW) littermates. Differences in growth performance have been associated with impaired small intestinal development. In suckling and weaning piglets, glutamine (Gln) supplementation has been associated with improved growth and intestinal development. This study was designed to examine the effects of oral Gln supplementation on growth and small intestinal parameters in LBW and NBW suckling piglets. At birth (day 0), a total of 72 LBW (1.10 ± 0.06 kg) and 72 NBW (1.51 ± 0.06) male piglets were selected. At day 1, litters were standardized to 12 piglets, and experimental piglets supplemented daily with either Gln (1 g/kg BW) or isonitrogenous amounts of Alanine (Ala) as control (1.22 g/kg BW) until day 12. Creep feed was offered from day 14 onward. Subgroups of piglets were euthanized at days 5, 12, and 26 for the analyses of jejunal morphometry, cellular proliferation, glutathione concentration and transcript abundance of tight junction proteins. From age day 11 to 21, Gln supplemented LBW (LBW-Gln) piglets were heavier than Ala supplemented LBW (LBW-Ala) littermates (P = 0.034), while NBW piglets were heavier until age day 26 compared to LBW littermates. Villus height was higher in LBW-Gln compared to LBW-Ala on age day 12 (P = 0.031). Sporadic differences among supplementation and birthweight groups were detected for jejunal cellular proliferation, cellular population and glutathione concentration, whereas age was the most dominant factor. These results show that Gln supplementation improved the growth of LBW piglets compared to LBW-Ala beyond the termination of Gln supplementation, but this was not associated with consistent effects on selected parameters of jejunal development.
Vascularization ability of glioma stem cells in different three-dimensional microenvironments

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is among the most common and aggressive adult central nervous system tumors. One prominent characteristic of GBM is the presence of abnormal microvessels. A significant correlation between angiogenesis and prognosis has been observed. Accurately reconstructing this neovascularization and tumor microenvironment through personalized in vitro disease models presents a significant challenge. However, it is crucial to develop new anti-angiogenic therapies for GBM. In this study, 3D bioprinted glioma stem cell (GSC)-laden hydrogel scaffolds, hybrid GSC hydrogels and cell-free hydrogel scaffolds were manufactured to investigate the vascularization ability of GSCs in varying 3D microenvironments. Our results demonstrated that the bioactivity of GSCs in the 3D bioprinted GSC-laden hydrogel scaffold was preferable and stable, and the amounts of vascular endothelial growth factor A and basic fibroblast growth factor were the highest in the microenvironment. When the three different models were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells, the expression of angiogenesis-related markers was the most abundant in the bioprinted GSC-laden hydrogel scaffold. Additionally, xenograft tumors formed by bioprinted GSC-laden hydrogel scaffolds more closely resembled human gliomas regarding color, texture and vascularization. Notably, in xenograft tumors derived from 3D bioprinted GSC-laden hydrogel scaffolds, the number of human CD105+ cells was significantly higher, and human endothelial vascular lumen-like structures were observed. This indicates that the 3D bioprinted GSC-laden hydrogel scaffold is a suitable model for mimicking the glioma microenvironment and studying tumor angiogenesis.
Environmental predictors for the restoration of a critically endangered coral, Acropora palmata, along the Florida reef tract

The population decline and lack of natural recovery of multiple coral species along the Florida reef tract have instigated the expanding application of coral restoration and conservation efforts. Few studies, however, have determined the optimal locations for the survival of outplanted coral colonies from restoration nurseries. This study predicts the optimal locations for Acropora palmata colonies along the Florida reef tract using a boosted-regression-tree model to examine the relationships between the occurrence of wild A. palmata and ten environmental variables. Our model results predicted A. palmata was most likely to occur in shallow reef habitats with (i) generally low mean chlorophyll-a concentrations (< 1 mg m-3), (ii) moderate fetch (3 kJ m-2), (iii) salinities between 20 and 37.5 ppt, (iv) temperatures between 20 and 32°C, (vi) low mean concentrations of total nitrogen (0.16 ppm), and (iv) irradiance between 26.5 and 53.5 mol m−2 s−1. The most suitable habitats for A. palmata were disproportionately allocated to reefs in Biscayne Bay, the Upper Keys, the western-lower Florida Keys, the Marquesas, and the Dry Tortugas. The middle Florida Keys had unfavorable environmental conditions for A. palmata habitat. Results from this study inform where A. palmata, outplanted as part of restoration and conservation efforts, would have suitable environmental conditions to persist over time. This study also provides decision-making support for management focused on the conservation and restoration of the endangered species A. palmata along the Florida reef tract.
Understanding the role of Pax5 in development of taxane-resistant neuroendocrine like prostate cancers

Resistance to the current Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitor (ARSI) therapies has led to higher incidences of therapy-induced neuroendocrine-like prostate cancer (t-NEPC). This highly aggressive subtype with predominant small cell-like characteristics is resistant to taxane chemotherapies and has a dismal overall survival. t-NEPCs are mostly treated with platinum-based drugs with a combination of etoposide or taxane and have less selectivity and high systemic toxicity, which often limit their clinical potential. During t-NEPC transformation, adenocarcinomas lose their luminal features and adopt neuro-basal characteristics. Whether the adaptive neuronal characteristics of t-NEPC are responsible for such taxane resistance remains unknown. Pathway analysis from patient gene-expression databases indicates that t-NEPC upregulates various neuronal pathways associated with enhanced cellular networks. To identify transcription factor(s) (TF) that could be important for promoting the gene expression for neuronal characters in t-NEPC, we performed ATAC-Seq, acetylated-histone ChIP-seq, and RNA-seq in our NE-like cell line models and analyzed the promoters of transcriptionally active and significantly enriched neuroendocrine-like (NE-like) cancer-specific genes. Our results indicate that Pax5 could be an important transcription factor for neuronal gene expression and specific to t-NEPC. Pathway analysis revealed that Pax5 expression is involved in axonal guidance, neurotransmitter regulation, and neuronal adhesion, which are critical for strong cellular communications. Further results suggest that depletion of Pax5 disrupts cellular interaction in NE-like cells and reduces surface growth factor receptor activation, thereby, sensitizing them to taxane therapies. Moreover, t-NEPC specific hydroxymethylation of Pax5 promoter CpG islands favors Pbx1 binding to induce Pax5 expression. Based on our study, we concluded that continuous exposure to ARSI therapies leads to epigenetic modifications and Pax5 activation in t-NEPC, which promotes the expression of genes necessary to adopt taxane-resistant NE-like cancer. Thus, targeting the Pax5 axis can be beneficial for reverting their taxane sensitivity.
An investigation of structural, thermal, and electrical conductivity properties for understanding transport mechanisms of CuWO4 and α-CuMoO4 compounds

Recently, inorganic oxide components with high ionic conductivity have been widely explored due to their high stability, safety, and energy density properties. In this context, the present work focuses on the inorganic oxides CuMO4 (M = W, Mo), which have been successfully synthesized using the traditional solid-state method. They were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis, and complex impedance spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction data refined via the Rietveld method indicated that these compounds are well crystallized in the triclinic system with the P1̄ space group. Besides, the electrical conductivity behavior of these materials was analyzed using the impedance spectroscopy technique in the frequency range of 100 to 106 Hz and in the temperature range of 443 K to 563 K. The absence of a phase transition observed in the calorimetric study was confirmed by the σg and ωh variations as a function of temperature. The AC conductivity was analyzed by Jonscher's power law. The outcomes of the study on charge transportation in CuMO4 (where M = W, Mo) suggest that the overlapping large polaron tunneling (OLPT) mechanism was present in CuMoO4, while the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) and the non-overlapping small polaron tunneling (NSPT) were present in CuWO4. A correlation between the crystal structure and the ionic conductivity was established and discussed. For the two title compounds, modulus analysis revealed that the charge carriers were mobile over short and long distances at low and high frequencies, respectively. The temperature variation of the M′′ peak showed a thermally activated relaxation process.
Kinematic analysis of the underwater glide phase during the push-off in competitive swimmers

The aim of the study was to analyze the kinematic parameters of the push-off start during the underwater glide in competitive swimmers. 74 swimmers participating in the Spanish Championships were filmed and analyzed by DLT-2D photogrammetry after the push-off start in crawl, backstroke and butterfly. Between genders there were differences in distance and speed. Male swimmers covered greater distances (1.37±0.06 vs 1.20±0.05 m, η2 = 0.02, F = 3.85, p = 0.05) and were faster (2.36±0.03 and 2.08±0.03 m/s, η2 = 0.14, F = 36.14, p<0.001) than female swimmers. Between strokes there were greater differences in time (η2 = 0.06, F = 6.76, p = 0.00) and distance (η2 = 0.38, F = 67.08, p< 0.001), than in speed (η2 = 0.05, F = 5.63, p< 0.001). During the backstroke, less time (0.50±0.04 s) and distance (1.01±0.07 m) were used, being the slowest style (2.12±0.04 m/s). In butterfly, less time (0.63±0.04 s) and distance (2.25±0.04 m) were used, while crawl was the fastest (2.30±0.04 m/s). These results allow us to characterize the underwater glide phase and provide useful data for both competitive swimmers and coaches to improve performance.
5-Aza-4’-thio-2’-deoxycytidine induces C>G transversions in a specific trinucleotide context and leads to acute lymphoid leukemia

Abstract DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi), most commonly cytidine analogs, are compounds that are used clinically to decrease 5’-cytosine methylation, with the aim of re-expression of tumor suppressor genes. We used a murine pre-clinical model of myelodysplastic syndrome based on transplantation of cells expressing a NUP98::HOXD13 transgene to investigate 5-Aza-4’-thio-2’-deoxycytidine (Aza TdCyd or ATC), a thiol substituted DNMTi, as a potential therapy. We found that ATC treatment led to lymphoid leukemia in wild-type recipient cells; further study revealed that healthy mice treated with ATC also developed lymphoid leukemia. Whole exome sequencing revealed thousands of acquired mutations, almost all of which were C > G transversions in a previously unrecognized, specific 5’-NCG-3’ context. These mutations involved dozens of genes well-known to be involved in human lymphoid leukemia, such as Notch1, Pten, Pax5, Trp53 , and Nf1 . Treatment of human cells in vitro showed thousands of acquired C > G transversions in a similar context. Deletion of Dck , the rate-limiting enzyme for the cytidine salvage pathway, eliminated C > G transversions. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that DNMTi can be potent mutagens in human and mouse cells, both in vitro and in vivo .
Strongly nonlinear internal waves in near two-layer stratifications: generation, propagation and self-induced shear instabilities

ROXANA TIRON: Strongly Nonlinear Internal Waves in Near Two-Layer Stratifications: Generation, Propagation and Self-induced Shear Instabilities (Under the direction of Roberto Camassa) This thesis consists of three parts. In the first part, periodic travelling-wave solutions for a strongly nonlinear asymptotic model of long internal wave propagation in an Euler incompressible two-fluid system are derived and extensively analyzed. The class of waves with a prescribed mean elevation, and zero-average momentum and volume flux is studied in detail. We found that the domain of existence of these periodic waves contains that of their Euler solution counterparts as a subset, and the agreement is good on the common domain. Among other findings, the model predicts the existence of periodic waves of substantially larger amplitudes than those of limiting solitary waves. This is relevant for modeling realistic oceanic internal waves, which often occur in wavetrains with multiple peaks. The second part consists of optimizing a two-layer system to approximate a continuously stratified one. This work aims at extending the applicability of two-layer asymptotic models. The strategy is validated by comparing long solitary wave numerical solutions in continuous stratification against their two-layer asymptotic counterparts.
Medicine for the soul: (Non)religious identity, coping, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic

Although the threat and uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic has become a significant source of distress, using religion to cope may be associated with more positive health. Given the severity and chronicity of the pandemic, religious individuals may also have relied on a variety of non-religious coping methods. Much of the existing COVID-19 research overlooks the role of religious group membership and beliefs in relation to coping responses and associated mental health, with an additional lack of such research within the Canadian context. Thus, this cross-sectional study investigated relations among religiosity, stressor appraisals, (both religious and non-religious) coping strategies, mental and physical health in a religiously-diverse Canadian community sample (N = 280) during the pandemic’s 2nd wave from March to June 2021. Numerous differences were apparent in appraisal-coping methods and health across five (non)religious groups (i.e., Atheists, Agnostics, “Spiritual but not religious”, Christians, and those considered to be religious “Minorities” in Canada). Religiosity was also associated with better mental health, appraisals of the pandemic as a challenge from which one might learn or grow, and a greater reliance on problem-focused, emotional-engagement, and religious coping. Moreover, both problem-focused and emotional-engagement coping mediated the relations between religiosity and health. Taken together, this research has implications for individual-level coping as well as informing culturally-sensitive public health messages promoting targeted self-care recommendations with integrated religious or spiritual elements during times of threat and uncertainty, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
The influence of big five personality traits on anxiety: The chain mediating effect of general self-efficacy and academic burnout

Background As an important factor affecting personal health, anxiety has always been valued by people. Prior research has consistently shown that personality traits is associated with anxiety level,but little is known about the inner mechanism of this relationship. To fill the gap, the present research aims to explore the chain mediating role of general self-efficacy and academic burnout in the relationship between big five personality and anxiety. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed from September to November 2022. Self-reported questionnaires including the Big Five Personality Questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale, College Student’s academic burnout Scale, Generalized Anxiety Scale and demographic characteristics were distributed to 2505 college students in a university in Hebei Province, of which 2,471 were valid. Statistical analysis was carried out through SPSS26.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro. Results Results showed four of the big five personality characters (i.e., extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness) were negatively correlated with anxiety. Neuroticism was positively correlated with anxiety. Moreover, general self-efficacy was found to be negatively correlated with academic burnout and anxiety; academic burnout was positively correlated with anxiety. Finally, general self-efficacy and academic burnout mediated the relationship between personality traits (i.e., extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness) and anxiety. Conclusions Personality traits (i.e., extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, and openness) could influence anxiety through the chain mediating effects of general self-efficacy and academic burnout. Interventions focusing on anxiety reduction may be successful in increasing general self-efficacy and decreasing students’ academic burnout.
Feature severity mapping with computed tomography reveals 3D patterns of hip osteoarthritis

Poster: "ECR 2013 / C-1547 / Feature severity mapping with computed tomography reveals 3D patterns of hip osteoarthritis" by: "T. Turmezei, M. A. Hopper, D. J. Lomas, K. E. S. Poole; Cambridge/UK"
Analysis of the coupling degree between regional logistics efficiency and economic development coordination

This paper aims to study the relationship between regional logistics efficiency and economic development in 31 provinces of China and analyze their coupling coordination. To comprehensively evaluate the coordination between logistics and the economy, we introduced external indicators, such as carbon emissions, based on traditional evaluation indicators. We constructed an evaluation index system to coordinate regional logistics efficiency and economic development. The research approach used in this paper is the cross-DEA method, and data from 2010 to 2019 were selected for empirical calculation. The research findings indicate that Eastern and Northern regions of China show higher logistics efficiency, while Northwestern and Southwestern regions exhibit lower logistics efficiency. Coastal areas have relatively higher economic development levels compared to inland areas. Regarding the coupling coordination between logistics efficiency and economic development, different regions show temporal fluctuations and spatial disparities. Some regions demonstrate higher coordination between logistics efficiency and economic development, while others show lower coordination. Additionally, as the economy experiences rapid growth, logistics efficiency also improves, but the level of coordination varies among different provinces.
Layer engineering in optoelectronic and photonic properties of single and few layer phosphorene using first-principles calculations

Developing devices for optoelectronic and photonic applications-based nanomaterials has been one of the most critical challenges in the last decade. In this work, we use first-principles density functional theory combined with non-equilibrium Green's function to highlight for the first time the sensitivity of optoelectronic and photonic properties toward the exfoliation process. All the studied structures were relaxed and their relevant phonon modes confirm the high structural stability. The obtained phosphorene layers remained semiconducting with a direct band gap like the respective bulk structure with 10 layers. We also examined the effects of the thickness on the electron–hole interaction by calculating absorption energy combined with electron relaxation lifetimes. Additionally, we explore the optoelectronic properties, which can also be influenced by the exfoliation. Finally, we found that the current–voltage (I–V) characteristic shows higher sensitivity toward the bulk structure than the other 2D forms of phosphorene structures, meaning that the Schottky barrier at the interface of the bulk phosphorene is much lower than mono, and few layer phosphorene.
Mapeamento de alteração hidrotermal no distrito Los Menucos, Argentina, por meio de imagens multiespectrais ASTER

This paper describes the application of image processing techniques to ASTER satellite data with the objective of mapping alteration mineralogy at Los Menucos district, Argentinean Patagonia. By using advanced hyperspectral processing techniques, it has been demonstrated that, despite the relatively reduced number of bands available in this sensor, it is possible to identify the presence of some key alteration minerals, such as kaolinite/dickite, alunite, illite, sericite/muscovite and quartz. This makes ASTER an orbital sensor of choice for mineral exploration of epithermal deposits. Palavras-chave: remote sensing, image processing, ASTER sensor, spectral classification, hydrothermal alteration, sensoriamento remoto, processamento de imagens, sensor ASTER, alteracao hidrotermal. 1. Introducao
Study on Evolution Model of Internet Public Opinion Based on Complex Network

In view of the complexity of Internet and the heterogeneity of individual in public opinion spreading, established the Internet public opinion evolution model based on complex network. Through experiment simulation, observed influences of order parameter and network topology on the evolution of opinion. Simulation results show that: 1) this model can greatly reflect the synergy effect of order parameters on opinion system, and it is more consistent with the actual situation. 2) the evolution of opinion is related to average degree and clustering coefficient: when average degree is small, the bigger clustering coefficient is, the more it can restrain the propagation of opinion; but when aveage degree exceeds a critical value, clustering coefficient no longer plays a key role, and at this point system will converge rapidly to extreme attitude.