Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulatory Mechanisms of ArAux/IAA13 and ArAux/IAA16 in the Rooting Process of Acer rubrum

Acer rubrum is difficult to root during cutting propagation. Auxin/indole-acetic acids (Aux/IAA) proteins, which are encoded by the early response genes of auxin, are transcriptional repressors that play important roles in auxin-mediated root growth and development. In this study, ArAux/IAA13 and ArAux/IAA16, which were significantly differentially expressed after 300 mg/L indole butyric acid treatment, were cloned. Heatmap analysis revealed that they might be associated with the process of adventitious root (AR) growth and development mediated by auxin. Subcellular localization analysis showed that they performed their function in the nucleus. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays revealed the interactions between them and two auxin response factor (ARF) proteins, ArARF10 and ArARF18, confirming their relevance to AR growth and development. Overexpression of transgenic plants confirmed that the overexpression of ArAux/IAA13 and ArAux/IAA16 inhibited AR development. These results help elucidate the mechanisms of auxin-mediated AR growth and development during the propagation of A. rubrum and provide a molecular basis for the rooting of cuttings.
Magnesiothermic Reduction of Silica: A Machine Learning Study

Fundamental studies have been carried out experimentally and theoretically on the magnesiothermic reduction of silica with different Mg/SiO2 molar ratios (1–4) in the temperature range of 1073 to 1373 K with different reaction times (10–240 min). Due to the kinetic barriers occurring in metallothermic reductions, the equilibrium relations calculated by the well-known thermochemical software FactSage (version 8.2) and its databanks are not adequate to describe the experimental observations. The unreacted silica core encapsulated by the reduction products can be found in some parts of laboratory samples. However, other parts of samples show that the metallothermic reduction disappears almost completely. Some quartz particles are broken into fine pieces and form many tiny cracks. Magnesium reactants are able to infiltrate the core of silica particles via tiny fracture pathways, thereby enabling the reaction to occur almost completely. The traditional unreacted core model is thus inadequate to represent such complicated reaction schemes. In the present work, an attempt is made to apply a machine learning approach using hybrid datasets in order to describe complex magnesiothermic reductions. In addition to the experimental laboratory data, equilibrium relations calculated by the thermochemical database are also introduced as boundary conditions for the magnesiothermic reductions, assuming a sufficiently long reaction time. The physics-informed Gaussian process machine (GPM) is then developed and used to describe hybrid data, given its advantages when describing small datasets. A composite kernel for the GPM is specifically developed to mitigate the overfitting problems commonly encountered when using generic kernels. Training the physics-informed Gaussian process machine (GPM) with the hybrid dataset results in a regression score of 0.9665. The trained GPM is thus used to predict the effects of Mg-SiO2 mixtures, temperatures, and reaction times on the products of a magnesiothermic reduction, that have not been covered by experiments. Additional experimental validation indicates that the GPM works well for the interpolates of the observations.
An Improved Gaussian Sum Unscented Kalman Filter

Abstract Gaussian sum Unscented Kalman Filter (GS-UKF) is a recently improved estimator for state and parameter estimation of nonlinear dynamical systems. GS-UKF makes use of Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) as a local filter at each of its individual Gaussians to obtain the local statistics. The UKF based local filters use a limited number of deterministically chosen samples, known as sigma points, to approximate the higher order moments of non-Gaussian prior. However, UKF has an inherent assumption of Gaussian statistics in approximation of non-Gaussian prior. This can undermines the true performance of UKF as well as GS-UKF. In this work, we propose to use Unscented Gaussian Sum Filter (UGSF), at each Gaussian of Gaussian Sum. UGSF uses the same UKF sigma points but approximates the prior with the sum of Gaussians, which can approximate any arbitrary density. We thus label our proposed approach as GS-UGSF. We show the utility of proposed GS-UGSF approach using a nonlinear case study from literature and compare the performance of GS-UGSF with GS-UKF.
Implicit Surface Representation of Three-Dimensional Face from Kinect Sensor

Kinect sensor has two output data which are produced from red green blue (RGB) sensor and depth sensor, it is called color image and depth map, respectively. Although this device’s prices are cheapest than the other devices for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, we need extra work for reconstruct a smooth 3D data and also have semantic meaning. It happened because the depth map, which has been produced from depth sensor usually have a coarse and empty value. Consequently, it can be make artifact and holes on the surface, when we reconstruct it to 3D directly. In this paper, we present a method for solving this problem by using implicit surface representation. The key idea for represent implicit surface is by using radial basis function (RBF) and to avoid the trivial solution that the implicit function is zero everywhere, we need to defined on-surface point and off-surface point. Based on our simulation results using captured face as an input, we can produce smooth 3D face and fill the holes on the 3D face surface, since RBF is good for interpolation and holes filling. Modified anisotropic diffusion is used to produced smoothed surface.
Springtime Photochemical Air Pollution in Osaka: Model Analysis

Abstract In the Osaka area, high concentrations of NO2 are observed in spring. To understand the relative roles and amounts of transported background ozone, photochemical ozone, transported NO2, and primary emitted NO2 in controlling NO2 formation in the Osaka area, a three-dimensional photochemical air pollution simulation model was applied based on the actual meteorological and emission conditions. Simulated results reveal that photochemical reactions play an important role in the formation of the springtime high concentrations of NO2 in Osaka.
Measurement of Turbulent Kinetic Energy Dissipation Rate with a Lagrangian Float

Abstract This study tests the ability of a neutrally buoyant float to estimate the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy e from its vertical acceleration spectrum using an inertial subrange method. A Lagrangian float was equipped with a SonTek acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV), which measured the vector velocity 1 m below the float's center, and a pressure sensor, which measured the float's depth. Measurements were taken in flows where estimates of e varied from 10−8 to 10−3 W kg−1. Previous observational and theoretical studies conclude that the Lagrangian acceleration spectrum is white within the inertial subrange with a level proportional to e. The size of the Lagrangian float introduces a highly reproducible spectral attenuation at high frequencies. Estimates of the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy using float measurements efloat were obtained by fitting the observed spectra to a model spectrum that included the attenuation effect. The ADV velocity measurements were converted to a .
Mandalas and Fujita's Proligand Method. A Novel Way of Stereochemistry Through the Concepts of Coset Representations and Sphericities (Part 4)

Fujita’s proligand method, which was originally formulated by using the symmetrical properties of cyclic subgroups (Fujita, S. (2005) Theor. Chem. Acc. , 113 73–79, 80–86), has been alternatively formulated in terms of the concept of mandalas proposed in Part 2 of this series (Fujita, S. (2006) MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem., 55, 5–38). A set of assemblies of K-symmetry in a mandala of G-symmetry has been characterized by the left coset representation G(/K), where achiral assemblage and chiral assemblage have been discussed in terms of the chirality/achirality of the group K. Each K-assembled mandala has been shown to correspond to one stereoisomer of K-symmetry, i.e., an achiral molecule or a pair of enantiomers. The alternative formulation of Fujita’s proligand method has been accomplished by comparing the number of fixed assemblies per stereoisomer with the number of fixed assemblies per permutation. Thereby, stereoisomers can be enumerated in an itemized fashion, i.e., the numbers of achiral plus chiral stereoisomers, of achiral stereoisomers, and of chiral stereoisomers. Deficiency of P´ olya’s theorem in stereoisomer
Different driving mechanisms of spatial heterogeneity at the community and landscape levels in the wetland ecosystem dominated by hydro‐ecological processes

The analysis of wetland patterns and their driving mechanisms is the research focus of discussion in wetland ecology. In this study, we tried to analyse the spatial differentiation patterns of community and landscape levels dominated by hydro‐ecological processes. The spatial differentiation patterns of landscape patterns and their driving mechanisms were explored in focus. This study was based on 30‐year land cover data of Baiyangdian Wetland Nature Reserve in North China Plain, China, constructing an ecological response relationship matrix between inundation frequency and vegetation cover frequency for the spatial divide at the community and landscape level. By constructing a landscape index set and analysing the index set using clustering, non‐metric multidimensional scale analysis, discriminant and redundancy analysis, we finally obtained the differentiation characteristics of wetland landscape patterns and their driving mechanisms. The spatial differentiation of community levels along the water level gradient showed a banded distribution pattern of submerged‐floating‐emerge to meadow shrubs, but the stability of the hydrological regime dominated the spatial differentiation of landscape levels. Wetland landscapes along the stability gradient of the hydrological regime were divided into stable and fluctuating zones. The stable zone had the landscape pattern characteristics of low fragmentation, simple and regular shape and high numbers of different patch types; the landscape pattern of the fluctuating zone was characterized by a high fragmentation and complex shape, with a small number of different patch types and a non‐uniform distribution. The analysis of the driving mechanism showed that the stability of the hydrological regime was the only reason for the formation of the landscape pattern of the stable zone. The combined effect of human‐dominated and natural‐supplemented effects jointly drove the formation of the landscape pattern of the fluctuating zone. The influence of human on the landscape pattern of the fluctuating zone showed a trend of spatial expansion from high areas to shallow water areas. The combination of traditional landscape indices and aquatic ecological processes characterized the spatial differentiation of wetland landscape patterns, and also verified the feasibility of this method. This study was a successful example of conducting ecological process‐oriented landscape level spatial differentiation analysis. The results of the study are intended to provide recommendations for the rational and effective use and precise conservation of wetland plant and animal resources and the restoration of wetland ecosystems.
Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in Northern Ghana: An Analysis of Household Health Risks

This study assessed household health risks in relation to sanitation and hygiene practices. A convergent parallel mixed method design, involving a survey of 200 household heads and two semi-structured interviews, was employed. The forward linear regression method was used to determine how sanitation and hygiene practices influence household health risks. From the results, age was the most considered criterion for using a homestead toilet facility. Income made the most significant contribution to change in the choice of toilet facility with a Beta Weight of 0.313 at a statistically significant level of p<0.00. Income was again identified to be the most statistically significant determining factor for access to sanitation and hygiene materials with 0.389 at a significant alpha level of p<0.00. The identified factors that define sanitation and hygiene practices cut across gender division of labour, age, occupation, housing type and residential location. Owing to the range of demographic, social and economic factors influencing the adoption of proper sanitation and hygiene practices, it is recommended that sanitation and hygiene improvement interventions should inculcate socio-demographic and economic concepts to reduce household health risks.
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: Effects on Development and Male Reproductive System

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) are used intensively. Thanks to their extremely small size (1–100 nm), TiO2-NPs are more absorbable by living organisms; consequently, they can cross the circulatory system and then be distributed in various organs including the reproductive organs. We have evaluated the possible toxic effect of TiO2-NPs on embryonic development and the male reproductive system using Danio rerio as an organism model. TiO2-NPs (P25, Degussa) were tested at concentrations of 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, and 4 mg/L. TiO2-NPs did not interfere with the embryonic development of Danio rerio, however, in the male gonads the TiO2-NPs caused an alteration of the morphological/structural organization. The immunofluorescence investigation showed positivity for biomarkers of oxidative stress and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), both confirmed by the results of qRT-PCR. In addition, an increased expression of the gene responsible for the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone was found. Since Leydig cells are mainly involved in this activity, an increase in gene activity can be explained by the ability of TiO2-NPs to act as endocrine disruptors, and, therefore, with androgenic activity.
Diagnosis of the Katabatic Wind Influence on the Wintertime Antarctic Surface Wind Field from Numerical Simulations

Abstract Katabatic winds have long been recognized as one of the key climatic variables of the low-level Antarctic environment. Antarctic surface winds display a high degree of persistence with mean directions related to the local topographic configuration of the ice sheet, consistent with katabatic forcing. Continental orography also constrains the atmospheric boundary layer motions through blocking and cold air damming. Finally, the coastal rim about the Antarctic continent is among the most active baroclinic zones on Earth. The establishment of the low-level wind field over Antarctica is thus potentially the result of a number of interacting processes. To quantify the forcing of the wintertime surface wind field over the Antarctic continent, two numerical strategies are presented. First, idealized numerical simulations are conducted to illustrate the strong orographic control of the low-level wind field. Second, a series of daily numerical simulations using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State Unive.
Terahertz photocurrent spectrum analysis of AlGaAs/GaAs/GaAsBi multi-junction solar cells

Characterizing subcells in two-terminal multi-junction (M-J) solar cells is challenging due to the lack of direct electrical access. This work presents a novel contactless spectral characterization technique for analysing individual subcells. The technique involves probing terahertz (THz) radiation generated by femtosecond laser pulse excitation and varying the exciting wavelength to selectively absorb light in the desired subcell. The registered THz pulse integral is then proportional to the induced photocurrent in that subcell. The THz photocurrent spectroscopy technique is demonstrated on GaAs and AlGaAs single-junction solar cells, as well as on the triple-junction AlGaAs/GaAs/GaAsBi solar cell. The results show that the recently developed GaAsBi-based subcell, with a nominal energy bandgap of 1.0 eV, exhibits improved electron–hole separation efficiency and can enhance energy harvesting by M-J solar cells.
A Multicriteria Approach to Assessing Landslide Community Resilience. Case Study: Bumiaji Sub-District

Bumiaji Sub-District is located in a mountainous area with a high-risk level of landslides. Throughout 2017-2022, there were 45 landslide events affected physical, social, and economic damages. One approach to reduce disaster risk is building community resilience. This research aims to assess Landslide Community resilience in Bumiaji Sub-District. It is important to describe the characteristic of resilience level in each village. This research was done by using AHP to determine the weight of variables and indicators, then calculated with Baseline Resilience Indicators for Communities (BRIC) based on six variables: Physical, Social, Economic, Environmental, Community Capital, and Institutional. Data was collected by primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected by using interviews with experts from the government and the local community in Batu City, and secondary data was collected from the literature study. The results of AHP show that the highest priority of indicators is community preparedness, and the lowest priority is the number of health facilities. The weight of each factor was multiplied by the values of the indicators to assess the landslide community resilience index. The highest level of community resilience is Punten, caused by the high score in Physical, Economic, and Institutional aspects. The low level of resilience is Bumiaji and Pandanrejo Village. Both villages did not have regular mitigation programs to strengthen local communities, so the resilience level of community capital is low.
Matricials methods applied to the solution of the Ginzburg-Landau equations

In this contribution we propose two numerical methods for the solution of the system of two non-linear coupled differential Ginzburg-Landau equations. These proposals are based firstly on taking a matrix view considering the quasi-linear coupled system, as a second option, considering the computational molecule with its respective restriction of the values and eigen-vectors of the matrix. We clearly and concisely obtained the eigenvalues that lead us to an optimal spatio-temporal convergence solution of said system of equations. We compare the numerical convergence times obtained by these three methods with the known time found by applying the link variable method.
Determining Regional Infrastructure Development Priorities in East Java Province

Accelerating regional development through physical infrastructure development contributes to national economic growth. However, a prioritization of hard infrastructure investment is inevitable due to limited funding capacities among regions. This study aims to determine the priority of regional infrastructure development in East Java Province. First, this research identifies indicators to assess the infrastructure development priority using qualitative content analysis. Second, this research analyzes regional infrastructure development needs using Z-Score values. Finally, this study determines the infrastructure development priorities using the Klassen typology, infrastructure program availability, and dominant land use and base sectors to prioritize regional infrastructure development. The findings can be used as a reference in synchronizing policies and programs in East Java Province for the next five years.
Enhanced adsorption of chlorogenic acid polyphenol by layered double hydroxide modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate

Polyphenols are a class of organic contaminants highly present in wastewater from industrial and agro-industrial processes. Adsorptive processes are employed to remove contaminants from effluents without the generation of by-products. Among the challenges in removal is the search for adsorbents that have affinity and favor the interaction with the contaminant. In this sense, this paper aimed to evaluate a layered double hydroxide modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate as an adsorbent material of the chlorogenic acid polyphenol. Carbonated magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite was the layered double hydroxide employed for modification at different sodium dodecyl sulfate contents. The results showed that the modification with 50% w w-1 sodium dodecyl sulfate increased the adsorptive capacity of the modified layered double hydroxide from 0.030 mg g-1 to 2.3 mg g-1 after 24 hours of contact with the polyphenol. Thus, the use of sodium dodecyl sulfate for surface modification of layered double hydroxide indicated positive results that favor the application of the modified material in the removal of polyphenols.
Pan-cancer analysis of the intervertebral-disc-degeneration-related innate immunity gene NAIP

Background Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a progressive chronic condition that commonly causes low back pain. Cancer is among the primary reasons for deaths worldwide. Our purpose was to identify the characteristic genes of IDD and explore the potential association between IDD and cancer. Methods Immune cell infiltration and differentially expressed analysis were conducted utilizing data from the GSE124272 database. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed to explore the possible mechanisms underlying IDD development. Moreover, weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to select IDD-related hub genes. The immune-related key genes were determined by intersecting DEGs, IDD-related hub genes, and immune genes. Subsequently, machine learning models based on these genes were built to identify and verify the characteristic genes. RNA sequencing and clinical data of 33 carcinoma categories were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The association between NAIP expression and prognosis was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier analysis. To gain a deeper understanding of the impact of NAIP in tumor immunotherapy, the association between NAIP and immune infiltration and two immunotherapeutic biomarkers were explored. Ultimately, the association between NAIP and immunotherapeutic response was investigated utilizing two independent cohorts. Results NAIP was identified as an immune-related characteristic gene between IDD and normal intervertebral disc tissue. In certain carcinoma categories, NAIP expression levels were elevated (4/33) and significantly correlated to the respective tumor stage (4/21). Survival analysis revealed that the expression levels of NAIP have prognostic significance in different cancer types. Generally, NAIP presented a strong association with immune cell infiltration and modulators. NAIP may influence immunotherapy effects through tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability. No remarkable association between NAIP and immunotherapy response was found in either cohort. Conclusion Our study is the first to identify NAIP as an immune-related characteristic gene. Pan-cancer analysis revealed that NAIP could serve as a novel clinical prognostic marker and therapeutic target for a variety of carcinoma categories, reducing the risk of IDD in tumor patients.