Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A fast string-matching algorithm for network processor-based intrusion detection system

Network intrusion detection systems (NIDSs) are one of the latest developments in security. The matching of packet strings against collected signatures dominates signature-based NIDS performance. Network processors are also one of the fastest growing segments of the semiconductor market, because they are designed to provide scalable and flexible solutions that can accommodate change quickly and economically. This work presents a fast string-matching algorithm (called FNP) over the network processor platform that conducts matching sets of patterns in parallel. This design also supports numerous practical features such as case-sensitive string matching, signature prioritization, and multiple-content signatures. This efficient multiple-pattern matching algorithm utilizes the hardware facilities provided by typical network processors instead of employing the external lookup co-processors. To verify the efficiency and practicability of the proposed algorithm, it was implemented on the Vitesse IQ2000 network processor platform. The searching patterns used in the present experiments are derived from the well-known Snort ruleset cited by most open-source and commercial NIDSs. This work shows that combining our string-matching methodology, hashing engine supported by most network processors, and characteristics of current Snort signatures frequently improves performance and reduces number of memory accesses compared to conventional string-matching algorithms. Another contribution of this work is to highlight that, besides total number of searching patterns, shortest pattern length is also a major influence on NIDS multipattern matching algorithm performance.
Suggesting biomedical topics for unseen research articles based on MeSH descriptors

Due to the huge number of research articles in the biomedical domain, it becomes more and more important to develop methods to find relevant articles of our specific research interests. Keyword extraction is a useful method to find important topics from documents and summarize their major information. Unfortunately, it is hard to select appropriate keywords extracted by traditional method of keyword extraction from specific research fields such as biomedical domain. Although human experts can support to understand details of the keywords, extra time should be required to read contents of the documents. In this paper, we propose a method for suggesting keyword-based topics for unseen biomedical research articles from PubMed. Our method uses MeSH descriptors to summarize each document by obtaining frequencies of them. The list of frequencies is used to make keyword suggestions for given documents based on the MeSH. In the experiments, we evaluate the performance of the method by measuring the accuracy of keyword suggestions for a given set of unseen documents.
Proportional Derivative (PD) Control on the Euclidean Group

In this paper we study the stabilization problem for control systems defined on SE(3) (the special Euclidean group of rigid-body motions) and its subgroups. Assuming one actuator is available for each degree of freedom, we exploit geometric properties of Lie groups (and corresponding Lie algebras) to generalize the classical proportional derivative (PD) control in a coordinate-free way. For the SO(3) case, the compactness of the group gives rise to a natural metric structure and to a natural choice of preferred control direction: an optimal (in the sense of geodesic) solution is given to the attitude control problem. In the SE(3) case, no natural metric is uniquely defined, so that more freedom is left in the control design. Different formulations of PD feedback can be adopted by extending the SO(3) approach to the whole of SE(3) or by breaking the problem into a control problem on SO(3) x R^3. For the simple SE(2) case, simulations are reported to illustrate the behavior of the different choices. We also discuss the trajectory tracking problem and show how to reduce it to a stabilization problem, mimicking the usual approach in R^n. Finally, regarding the case of underactuated control systems, we derive linear and homogeneous approximating vector fields for standard systems on SO(3) and SE(3).
An Empirical Analysis of XSS Sanitization in Web Application Frameworks

Filtering or sanitization is the predominant mechanism in today’s applications to defend against cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. XSS sanitization can be difficult to get right as it ties in closely with the parsing behavior of the browser. This paper explains some of the subtleties of ensuring correct sanitization, as well as common pitfalls. We study several emerging web application frameworks including those presently used for development of commercial web applications. We evaluate how effective these frameworks are in guarding against the common pitfalls of sanitization. We find that while some web frameworks safeguard against the empirically relevant use cases, most do not. In addition, some of the security features in present web frameworks provide a false sense of security.
A Novel Abstraction Framework for Online Planning: Extended Abstract

Abstractions are a useful tool for computing policies in large domains modeled as a Markov Decision Process. Prior work in this field is mostly focused on developing different notions for state abstractions. In this paper, we develop a novel framework for abstractions, which unifies prior work and directly exploits symmetry at the state-action pair level, thereby uncovering a much larger number of symmetries in a given domain. We describe the application of abstractions computed through this framework in UCT, a popular MCTS technique for online planning.
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in retinal pigment epithelium cells

The retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of specialized epithelial cells located between the photoreceptors of the retina and the choroidal blood supply. The RPE is essential for maintaining retinal health and vision. Recent findings identified STAT3 as a newly recognized regulator of RPE survival, inflammatory response, visual cycle maintenance, and cytokine release. Additionally, STAT3 is implicated in retinal diseases that affect the RPE, including the common blinding disease age-related macular degeneration. Determining how STAT3 influences RPE functions ultimately may lead to novel therapeutics for retinal disease. In this review, we summarize the roles of JAK-STAT3 signaling in the RPE, and its potential contribution to retinal degenerations.
The Effect of an Extinction Procedure on Level of Responding to Visual Stimuli in an Evaluative Conditioning Procedure

The Effect of an Extinction Procedure on Level of Responding to Visual Stimuli in an Evaluative Conditioning Procedure by Allison Hirsch Advisor: Nancy S. Hemmes Evaluative conditioning is a type of learning that results in the acquisition of likes and dislikes in humans. The procedure that produces evaluative learning is similar to that of Pavlovian conditioning. A consistent observation is that evaluative conditioned responses are less sensitive to extinction procedures than would be expected given the Pavlovian-type conditioning procedure used for acquisition. The present study sought to determine what the effect of an extinction condition was on the level of responding to visual conditioned stimuli in a visualgustatory evaluative conditioning paradigm. Two dependent measures were used: an explicit measure, and a choice-based preference measure. The explicit rating scale, which measures preference and is administered prior to acquisition and post-extinction, is the measure typically used in the assessment of evaluative conditioned responding. Because conclusions regarding evidence of extinction in a pre-acquisition, post-extinction measure may be complicated by design of the measurement procedures used, the explicit rating scale was administered on a trialby-trial basis during all parts of the procedure (pre-acquisition, acquisition, extinction, postextinction). This was done in order to continuously assess evidence of extinction effects. A
Protecting the Past and Present of Data, with Applications in Provenance and Regulatory-Compliant Databases

While the digital nature of modern information has brought enormous benefits, it has also created new vulnerabilities. Unlike physical documents, digitally stored information can be rapidly copied, erased, or tampered. Digital data may be stored in or transmitted via untrusted systems. Even insiders can have financial or strategic motives to tamper data or violate privacy and confidentiality. Access control alone often cannot provide the necessary protection to data, when insiders with superuser access rights become adversaries. Protecting the current instance of data may not be sufficient; in a distributed computing environment, we may need to know the history of a data object ‐ i.e., its provenance ‐ to make informed decisions about its trustworthiness. In this context, we explore techniques for providing security for data and its history in an untrusted environment. We develop schemes for providing integrity, confidentiality, and privacy assurances for data provenance, and create a fast proof-of-concept system for secure provenance. We also design and implement techniques and architectures for databases that provide protection against tampering.
Full custom implementation of a S-Box circuit architecture using power gated PLA structure

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is one of the most common symmetric encryption algorithms. The hardware complexity in AES is dominated by AES substitution box (S-Box), which is considered as one of the most complicated and costly part of the system because it is the only non-linear structure. This paper presents a low power design of Rijndael S-Box for the SubByte transformation using power-gating and PLA design techniques to reduce area and leakage power during standby mode. The proposed design has been implemented using 0. 11μm CMOS process with 1.2V power supply. The proposed design reduces the total leakage power and the total transistor count to 10% and 50% of the conventional design, respectively while improving the speed performance by ten times.
Experiments with High Speed Parallel Cubing Units

This paper discusses modification to algorithms for computing within a parallel cubing unit. The algorithms discussed in this paper shows several architectures for various operand sizes ranging from 8 to 32 bits. The method proposed in this paper separates the cubing partial product matrix into smaller elements and organizes these partial products into repeatable manageable groups. Consequently, the overall partial product matrix is substantially reduced from previous methods. An algorithmic analysis is also presented that demonstrates reduction in area and delay for several operand widths as well as their implementations in a Vitex 5 Xilinx FPGAs and for IBM 65nm ASIC standard-cell library.
Comparative Study of Pre- and Postsynaptic 5-HT1AReceptor Modulation of Anxiety in Two Ethological Animal Tests

The purpose of this study was to determine the roles of the presynaptic 5-hydroxytryptamine1A(5-HT1A) receptors in the median raphénucleus (MRN) and of the postsynaptic 5-HT1Areceptors in its projection area of the dorsal hippocampus in the social interaction and elevated plus-maze tests of anxiety. Direct administration of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist (±)-8-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin (8-OH-DPAT, 200 ng) into the MRN had significant anxiolytic effects in all three test situations examined (social interaction, plus-maze trials 1 and 2). These anxiolytic effects were antagonized by a silent dose (200 ng) of the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY 100635, confirming that they were mediated by 5-HT1A receptors. In contrast, after bilateral administration to the dorsal hippocampus, 8-OH-DPAT (100 ng) had significant anxiogenic effects in the social interaction test and in plus-maze trial 2. These anxiogenic effects were antagonized by silent doses of 5-HT1Areceptor antagonists [(+)WAY 100135, 10 mg/kg s.c. , and intrahippocampal (±)tertatolol, 3 μg, respectively], confirming mediation by 5-HT1A receptors. In rats naive to the plus-maze, neither 8-OH-DPAT (50, 100, or 200 ng) nor the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist (±)tertatolol (3 μg) had any significant effect when administered to the dorsal hippocampus. This demonstrates that previous experience of a rat in the plus-maze has a major effect on the sensitivity of dorsal hippocampal 5-HT1A receptors, as we have demonstrated previously for the 5-HT1A receptors in the dorsal raphé nucleus. Overall, our results provide evidence that stimulation of the presynaptic 5-HT1A receptors in the MRN results in an anxiolytic action, whereas stimulation of the post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors in its projection area results in an anxiogenic effect. These results are consistent with an overall reduction in 5-HT neurotransmission in the dorsal hippocampus having an anxiolytic effect, and they explain the relatively weak anxiolytic profile detected when 5-HT1A receptor agonists are given systemically.
A systematic review of dydrogesterone for the treatment of threatened miscarriage

The objective of this systematic review was to assess whether the orally acting progestagen, dydrogesterone lowers the incidence of miscarriage in women with threatened miscarriage. A computerized search was performed in Medline, Embase, and Ovid Medline for original reports with the product name ‘Duphaston’ or ‘dydrogesterone’, and limited to clinical human data. Twenty-one reports of dydrogesterone treatment were identified with 1380 patients. Five randomized trials were identified, including 660 women who fulfilled the criteria for metaanalysis. The number of subsequent miscarriages or continuing pregnancies per randomized woman was compared in women receiving dydrogesterone compared to standard bed rest or placebo intervention. There was a 13% (44/335) miscarriage rate after dydrogesterone administration compared to 24% in control women [odds ratio for miscarriage 0.47, (CI = 0.31–0.7), 11% absolute reduction in the miscarriage rate]. The adverse and side effects were summarized in all 21 reports, and seemed to be minimal. Although all the predictive and confounding factors could not be controlled for, the results of this systematic review show a significant reduction of 47% in the odds for miscarriage when dydrogesterone is compared to standard care indicating a real treatment effect.
The SRI BioFrustration Corpus: Audio, Video, and Physiological Signals for Continuous User Modeling

We describe the SRI BioFrustration Corpus, an inprogress corpus of time-aligned audio, video, and autonomic nervous system signals recorded while users interact with a dialog system to make returns of faulty consumer items. The corpus offers two important advantages for the study of turn-taking under emotion. First, it contains state-of-the-art ECG, skin conductance, blood pressure, and respiration signals, along with multiple audio channels and video channels. Second, the collection paradigm is carefully controlled. Though the users believe they are interacting with an empathetic system, in reality the system afflicts each subject with an identical history of “frustration inducers. ” This approach enables detailed within- and across-speaker comparisons of the effect of physiological state on user behavior. Continuous signal recording enables studying the effect of frustration inducers with respect to speech-based system-directed turns, interturn regions, and system text-to-speech responses.
ELABORATION AND APPLICATION OF FUNCTIONAL EVALUATION TECHNIQUES FOR RUGBY UNION

The knowledge of the physical characteristics of women rugby union players, is scarce and, due to the evolution of this sport in the recent years, it is also dated. This study was aimed to provide up to date normative data on selected, laboratory-based, physiological and anthropometric characteristics of elite women players of the northern hemisphere. A selection (i.e. only the players regularly engaged in elite training and international competitions) of the Italian national team was tested in March 2007, at the end of the Six Nations. Anthropometry (body mass, stature, % body fat and lean body mass determination by 5-site skin old thickness), measurement of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max, incremental cycling test to exhaustion) and lower extremities strength by vertical jumping test (squat, SJ, and countermovement jump, CMJ, and elasticity index EI) were performed. Mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated in FW and BK and in positional subgroups (i.e. front row FW: props, locks; back row FW: flankers, number eight, hooker; inside BK: fly-half, centre; outside BK: wings, full back ). The half back was not included in the above subgroups due to its unique role). Data were compared by t test. Statistical significance was set at p< 0.05. The athletes were 24±4 years old and had a 9±6 years playing experience. FW were significantly taller, heavier, had a larger fat free mass, absolute VO2max and squat jump ability compared to BK. Front row FW were significantly taller, heavier, fatter and had a larger fat free mass compared to back row FW. No differences were detected in either anthropometric or functional parameters within BK positional subgroups. This study provides normative functional and anthropometric data for elite female rugby union players, with special reference to positional role. In agreement with male data, role differences in the majority of the measured parameters appear between FW and BK and between FW subgroups, while no difference was measured within BK subgroups. This suggests that differences in the physical requirements of rugby union, in specific playing positions, are present in women as well as I man rugby. This normative database can provide coaching staff with a description of an individual athlete’s strengths and weaknesses to assist talent selection and to guide training to match the demands of specific playing positions. Furthermore, periodic monitoring of a variety of playing populations is necessary to quantify and compare the rapidly evolving demands of this game.
HD 203608, a quiet asteroseismic target in the old galactic disk

Context. We conducted a 5-night observing run with the spectrometer harps at the ESO 3.6-m telescope in August 2006, to continue exploring the asteroseismic properties of F-type stars. In fact, Doppler observations of F-type on the main sequence are demanding and remain currently limited to a single case (HD 49933). Comparison with photometric results obtained with the CoRoT space mission (Convection, Rotation and planetary Transits) on similar stars will be possible with an enhanced set of observations. Aims. We selected the 4th magnitude F8V star HD 203608 to investigate the oscillating properties of a low-metallicity star of the old galactic disk. Methods. We reduced the spectra with the on-line data reduction software provided by the instrument. We developed a new statistical approach for extracting the significant peaks in the Fourier domain. Results. The oscillation spectrum shows a significant excess power in the frequency range [1.5, 3.0 mHz]. It exhibits a large spacing of about 120.4 μHz at 2.5 mHz. Variations of the large spacing with frequency are clearly identified, which require an adapted asymptotic development. The modes identification is based on the unambiguous signature of 15 modes with � = 0 and 1. Conclusions. These observations show the potential diagnostic of asteroseismic constraints. Including them in the stellar modeling significantly enhances the precision on the physical parameters of HD 203608, resulting in a much more precise position in the HR diagram. The age of the star is now determined in the range 7.25 ± 0.07 Gyr.
Pharmacological Effects of the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1 Antagonist Compared with Those of the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Antagonist and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2/3 Agonist in Rodents: Detailed Investigations with a Selective Allosteric Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1 Antago

The functional roles of metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) 1 in integrative brain functions were investigated using a potent and selective mGluR1 allosteric antagonist, FTIDC [4-[1-(2-fluoropyridine-3-yl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-3,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxamide], in comparison with the mGluR5 allosteric antagonist and the mGluR2/3 orthosteric agonist in rodents. FTIDC reduced maternal separation-induced ultrasonic vocalization and stress-induced hyperthermia without affecting behaviors in the elevated plus maze. An mGluR5 antagonist, 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP), and an mGluR2/3 agonist, LY379268 [(1R,4R,5S,6R)-4-amino-2-oxabicyclo[3.1. 0]hexane-4,6-dicarboxylic acid], showed anxiolytic activities in these models, suggesting involvement of postsynaptic mGluR1 in stress-related responses comparable with mGluR5 and mGluR2/3. Analgesic effects of FTIDC were seen in the formalin test but not in the tail immersion test. FTIDC selectively blocked methamphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion and disruption of prepulse inhibition, whereas MPEP and LY379268 did not alter those behaviors, suggesting that pharmacological blockade of mGluR1 could result in antipsychotic-like effects. FTIDC did not elicit catalepsy or impair motor functions at 10 times higher dose than doses showing antipsychotic-like action. In conclusion, blockade of mGluR1 showed antipsychotic-like effects without impairing motor functions, whereas blockade of mGluR5 and activation of mGluR2/3 did not display such activities.
Functional observer design with application to pre-compensated multi-variable systems

Partial state estimation of dynamical systems provides significant advantages in practical applications. Likewise, pre-compensator design for multi variable systems invokes considerable increase in the order of the original system. Hence, applying functional observer to pre-compensated systems can result in lower computational costs and more practicability in some applications such as fault diagnosis and output feedback control of these systems. In this note, functional observer design is investigated for pre-compensated systems. A lower order pre-compensator is designed based on a H2 norm optimization that is designed as the solution of a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Next, a minimum order functional observer is designed for the pre-compensated system. An LTI model of an irreversible chemical reactor is used to demonstrate our design algorithm, and to highlight the benefits of the proposed schemes.
Non-invasive cardiac monitoring during caesarean delivery in a parturient with newly-diagnosed ventricular bigeminy

1Senior Resident, Singhealth Anaesthesiology Residency Program, Singapore 2Consultant, Department of Women’s Anaesthesia, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 3Associate Biostatistician, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 4Head and Senior Consultant, Department of Women’s Anaesthesia, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Associate Professor, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore