Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coordination of multiple AUVs based on MOOS-IvP

This paper describes an investigation into the coordination of multiple autonomous underwater vehicle system (MAUVS). In order for MAUVS to work efficiently in such scenarios as oceanographic data gathering, a market-based approach to coordination of multiple underwater vehicles is proposed. In this approach, robots on the team act as self-interested agents and a virtual economy environment in which tasks and resources are exchanged based on one's own benefit was established. While robots trade tasks and resources with one another to maximize their benefits, the efficiency of the whole system is reached. Market based coordination of MAUVS is further integrated into MOOS (Mission Oriented Operating Suite—an open source project proposed and maintained by Newman from Oxford and Benjamin from MIT) to enable the MAUVS to work efficiently and intelligently. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the approach proposed in this paper.
Analysing the Promotion of Adventure Tourism: A Case Study of Scotland

Adventure tourism promotion is now widely used a component of place imagery and product development in countries where this is a nascent industry sector. This paper presents a case study of the recent imagery and promotion of adventure tourism in Scotland in 2004 by the public sector. The case study highlights the interconnections between sport and tourism by the public sector and the way they have utilised this relationship as a strategy to tap the adventure tourism market. Using the promotional literature produced by Scotland's Area Tourist Boards (now part of VisitScotland's Tourism Network) and the National Tourism Organisation, VisitScotland, the paper reviews the type of imagery developed and used to attract visitors to Scotland. The paper examines the role of photographic material as a tool for tourism promotion and provides an analysis of this form of material using content analysis based on the research methodology used by Schellhorn and Perkins for holiday brochures in another context.
Ranking for the conversion funnel

In contextual advertising advertisers show ads to users so that they will click on them and eventually purchase a product. Optimizing this action sequence, called the conversion funnel, is the ultimate goal of advertising. Advertisers, however, often have very different sub-goals for their ads such as purchase, request for a quote, or simply a site visit. Often an improvement for one advertiser's goal comes at the expense of others. A single ranking function must balance these different goals in order to make an efficient system for all advertisers. We propose a ranking method that globally balances the goals of all advertisers, while simultaneously improving overall performance. Our method has been shown to improve significantly over the baseline in online traffic at a major ad network.
A functional genome-wide RNAi screen identifies TAF1 as a regulator for apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress

Evasion from apoptotic cell death is a characteristic of cancer; genes that modulate this process may be optimal for therapeutic attack. Identifying key regulators of apoptosis is thus a central goal in cancer therapy. Here, we describe a loss-of-function screen that uses RNA interference libraries to identify genes required for induction of apoptosis. We used a short-hairpin RNA expressing vector with high gene-expression silencing activity that contained fetal brain cDNAs. Survived cells from genotoxic stress were isolated to determine knock-down of molecules that are crucial for induction of apoptosis. We identified TBP-associated factor 1 (TAF1), a gene previously implicated as an essential component of transcription machinery. Depletion of TAF1 was associated with substantial attenuation of apoptosis induced by oxidative as well as genotoxic stress. Microarray analysis further demonstrated that a number of genes were transcriptionally declined in cells silenced for TAF1. Surprisingly, knocking down TAF1 exhibited a marked decrease in p27Kip1 expression, allowing cells resistant from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. These results suggest that TAF1 regulates apoptosis by controlling p27Kip1 expression. Our system provides a novel approach to identifying candidate genes that modulate apoptosis.
Strong stochastic stability for Dynamic Source Routing

Node movement in a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) simulation is defined by the mobility model. To ensure reliable simulation results, many research papers have investigated the stability (or instability) of popular mobility models. In general, these works have been concerned with the following question: Will time-averaged measurements of ldquomobility model eventsrdquo converge? For example, will average node speed or position converge as simulation time increases? These works, however, do not address stability questions at different network layers. In this paper, we study the following problem: When is the output of a network protocol stable? Network protocols are complex distributed systems, which may (or may not) preserve the stability of the mobility model. We study a basic version of the popular dynamic source routing (DSR) protocol and show that if a pointwise ergodic theorem (a generalized strong law of large numbers) holds for the mobility model, then it also holds for the output of DSR; that is, time averaged measurements made at the network layer will converge almost everywhere. This, the first stability result for a network layer protocol, opens up a new area of research.
Impoliteness in Facebook Status Updates: strategic talk among colleagues “outside” the workplace

Abstract This paper examines how colleagues of an Italian restaurant in Hong Kong perform core business and relation-based talk in Facebook Status Updates beyond working hours and outside the workplace. Adapting Wenger's (1998) framework of Communities of Practice and Culpeper's (1996) model of impoliteness, we particularly concentrate on how they employ impoliteness strategies to get things done, and how power is negotiated in the three mechanisms of doing power as suggested in Wodak et al. (2012). Based on the analysis of 200 Status Updates collected from the research site, we find that such colleagues' talk outside the workplace can be conducive (or at least influential) to professional tasks and their relationships in the workplace. As our participants infuse their impoliteness strategies with Netspeak, they tend to employ the impoliteness strategies of “disassociating from others,” “being unsympathetic,” and “not treating others seriously. ” Simultaneously, their impolite participation displays a tendency to challenge or subvert institutional authority and official status, typically by some normative mechanisms of doing power. We argue that Status Updates blur the line between “in the workplace” and “outside the workplace,” and that they become an alternative collocation of workplace talk which allows repositioning of work matters and renegotiation of power by impoliteness strategies.
History-based multi-node collaborative localization in mobile wireless ad hoc networks

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in localization algorithms for wireless ad hoc networks. In most localization algorithms, increasing the density of anchor nodes is one of the main strategies to improve the localization accuracy in dense networks. In this paper, based on the number of reference nodes, we propose a distributed localization algorithm, i.e., history based multi-node collaborative localization algorithm (HMCL), which provides a potential approach for localization in sparse ad hoc wireless networks. In the proposed HMCL algorithm, we exploit a new motion model to filter the imprecise estimation values based on the historical position information of nodes, which can improve the localization accuracy and reduce the computation overhead and energy consumption. Moreover, we utilize different strategies to achieve the localization of nodes with different priorities measured by the distance information between neighbor nodes. We verify through experiment that the proposed algorithm provides better performance in terms of localization precision and energy consumption. Besides, we also analyze the effect of the number of neighbor nodes, node density and moving speed of nodes on localization precision.
Overlapping functions of the four class XI myosins in Arabidopsis growth, root hair elongation, and organelle motility

Flowering plants have evolved multigene families of the class XI myosin motors, the functions of which remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated functional profiles of the Arabidopsis myosins that belong to two paralogous pairs, XI-K/XI-1 and XI-2/XI-B, using single and double gene-knockout mutants. It was found that the myosins XI-K, XI-2, and XI-B, but not XI-1 have overlapping and additive roles in the root hair elongation. A nonidentical set of the three myosins, XI-K, XI-1, and XI-2, exhibited partially redundant and additive roles in the transport of Golgi stacks, peroxisomes, and mitochondria. Conspicuously, the double xi-k/1 knockout plants that showed the largest cumulative reduction of the organelle velocities also exhibited a stunted plant growth and reduced fecundity phenotype. Collectively, these results suggest that the rapid, myosin-powered organelle trafficking is required for the optimal plant growth, whereas a distinct myosin function, presumably the vesicular transport, is involved in elongation of the root hairs. In addition, our data imply that the myosin gene duplication in plants has been followed by a gradual functional specialization of the resulting pairs of myosin paralogs.
Absolute rate of thermal desorption from first-principles simulation

We present a technique for computing by first-principles simulation the absolute desorption rate γ of adsorbate molecules from a surface for any coverage and temperature. The technique is valid when the thermal equilibration rate on the surface is faster than γ, and is based on an exact expression for γ in terms of the difference of non-configurational chemical potentials of gas-phase and adsorbed molecules. This difference is expressed in terms of a potential of mean force, which is computed by constrained first-principles molecular dynamics. The technique is applied to D2O on the MgO(001) surface at low coverage, using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for exchange–correlation energy. Comparisons with experimental temperature programmed desorption data allow an assessment of the accuracy of the GGA for the adsorption of D2O on MgO(001).
Wireless Information Sharing in Ubiquitous Environments

We demonstrate the use of ad hoc multi-hop flooding for sharing information among mobile terminals. PDA devices with 802.11 WLAN cards are used as mobile terminals which periodically broadcast position and other presence information. Each terminal relays packets broadcast by neighbors using ayooding algorithm which has been optimized for fast propagation of information over multiple hops. We also report results of systematic experiments using 50 terminals showing characteristic propagation time distributions for up to 5 hops.
Concise Review: Genomic Stability of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

The usefulness of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in research and therapeutic applications highly relies on their genomic integrity and stability. Many laboratories including ours have addressed this concern by comparing genomic (at both karyotypic and subkaryotypic levels) and epigenomic abnormalities of hiPSC lines (derived via either DNA‐ or non‐DNA‐based methods), as well as human embryonic stem cell lines during long‐term culture. A variety of methods have been used for this purpose, such as karyotyping and fluorescent in situ hybridization to detect karyotypic abnormalities, array‐based comparative genomic hybridization to detect copy number variations (CNVs), single‐nucleotide polymorphism‐based microarrays to detect both CNVs and loss of heterozygosity, analysis of integration sites in the genome, and whole genome sequencing for protein‐coding exome and DNA methylome profiling. Here, we summarize the progresses in this dynamically evolving field and also discuss how the findings apply to the study and application of hiPSCs. STEM CELLS 2012;30:22–27
Observed and Reported Psychological and Physical Aggression in Young, At‐Risk Couples

The occurrence of observed and reported physical and psychological aggression was examined for young, at-risk mostly unmarried couples using reports from both partners and observational data. It was predicted that males higher in antisocial behavior would be more likely to have an antisocial partner and that antisocial behavior would predict aggression toward the partner. The prevalence of reported physical aggression was comparable to that found for prior studies and was generally higher for the young women than the young men. Observed aggression was significantly associated with reported aggression, and psychological aggression was associated with physical aggression. Assortative partnering by antisocial behavior was found. The young man's aggression toward his partner was predicted particularly by his antisocial behavior, whereas that of the young woman was predicted by depressive symptoms and low self-esteem. Relationship satisfaction was associated with the occurrence of psychological aggression but not of physical aggression. (Abstract Adapted from Source: Social Development, 1997. Copyright © 1997 by Blackwell Publishers) At Risk Juvenile At Risk Adult Dating Violence Causes Partner Violence Violence Against Women Juvenile Aggression Adult Aggression Male Aggression Male Behavior Male Violence Female Victim Adult Aggression Adult Antisocial Behavior Adult Behavior Adult Female Adult Male Adult Offender Adult Victim Adult Violence Juvenile Aggression Juvenile Antisocial Behavior Juvenile Behavior Juvenile Female Juvenile Male Juvenile Offender Juvenile Victim Juvenile Violence Physical Aggression Dating Violence Offender Dating Violence Victim Dating Violence Incidence and Prevalence 04-02
Varieties of Rightness Experience How Cognitive Functions Express a Personal Fringe

In Sensation's Ghost, Mangan (2001) elaborates on James's notion of fringe. We agree with Mangan that "the most important nonsensory experience is coherence or 'rightness'". Our critique presses for a fuller analysis of what Mangan calls feelings of rightness and wrongness (hereafter FOR/W). We first describe different types and levels of FOR/W and how types and levels interact. We also discuss sensitivity to and intensity of FOR/W, which vary systematically, and explain some of this systematicity. Finally, our elaboration of FOR/W helps explain the personal significance of non-sensory or fringe experience -something critical for James, especially in his later writings.
La Lectura de Cuentos en el Jardín Infantil: Un Medio Para el Desarrollo de Estrategias Cognitivas y Lingüísticas

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una experiencia piloto en la que se analizo la incidencia de la lectura frecuente de cuentos en la produccion de discurso narrativo. Un grupo de ninos de 5 anos de nivel socioeconomico bajo de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, participo de una experiencia de intervencion durante la cual una maestra leyo diariamente cuentos a los ninos e interactuo con ellos para la reconstruccion oral de la historia. Los resultados mostraron que al finalizar el ano los ninos habian incrementado sus habilidades narrativas, podian producir historias de ficcion en las que recuperaban las categorias de la superestructura narrativa y organizaban la informacion en episodios bien estructurados como en las formas narrativas mas complejas.
The important of surface area/volume ratio to the rate of oxygen uptake by red cells

Dear Sir: Holland and Forster (1966) demonstrated experimentally that velocity constants for initial rates of oxygen uptake by fully reduced erythrocytes (k~) are inversely related to mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (Table I). They based k" upon measurements of the rate of hemoglobin saturation with oxygen, so that the entire process included oxygen diffusion through the cell membrane, diffusion through the cell interior, and the chemical reaction of oxygen with hemoglobin. Cell thickness was considered the most obvious factor to account for decrease in k~ as cell volume increases. However, when they used an infinite sheet as a cell model, they did not establish a clear relationship between k~ and thickness. An inverse relationship was demonstrated between k~ and the radius (r) of a hypothetical sphere used as a cell model. Related material has been reviewed by Forster (1964). The present analysis is based upon the data in Table I. Average diameters (d) of sheep, rabbit, and human cells in plasma were taken from Ponder (1948); the other diameters are of dried cells (Altman and Ditmer, 1971) multiplied by 1.08 to correct for cell shrinkage. Red cell shape is considered to be that of a cylindrical disc, which differs little from a prolate spheroid and is easier to work with mathematically; thickness is taken as mean corpuscular thickness (MCT) as calculated by Wintrobe (1967). Surface area (S) and surface to volume ratio (S/V) are calculated as for a disc. All pairings between variables in Table I yield highly significant (P < 0.001) correlation coefficients, indicating that all of these characteristics are closely interrelated. If the calculations of M C T in Table I are accepted, then the increase of ~50% in cell thickness appears inadequate to account for a major portion of the 34-fold increase in cell volume, or the decrease in k~ to one-eighth of the maximal value. From Table I, we can see that increase in cell diameter is primarily responsible for the increase in MCV. The correlation coefficients which involve k" show that its best correlation is with S /V (r ~ 0.92), followed by d (r --0.83), M C T (r --0 .76) , S (r --0.76) , and M C V (r --0.73). For these experiments, we believe that decreasing S / V has the critical role in limiting rate of oxygen uptake as cell size increases. Apparently the rate of hemoglobin saturation is limited primarily by the surface area through which oxygen can diffuse in relation to the cell volume (and hemoglobin content), which must become saturated, rather
Recurrent venous thrombosis related to overweight and obesity: results from the MEGA follow‐up study

Essentials Whether excess body weight influences recurrent venous thrombosis (VT) risk is uncertain. We included 3889 VT patients, classified into body mass index (BMI) strata to estimate recurrent VT risk. No evidence of an increased risk for excess body weight was found. Measuring BMI is not a good tool to identify patients at high risk of VT recurrence.
The Y271 and I274 Amino Acids in Reverse Transcriptase of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Are Critical to Protein Stability

Reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 plays a key role in initiating viral replication and is an important target for developing anti-HIV drugs. Our previous study showed that two mutations (Y271A and I274A) in the turn RT (Gln269-Arg277) abrogated viral replication, but the replication capacity and RT activity was discordant. In this study, we further investigated why alanine substitutions at these two sites would affect viral replication. We found that both RT activity and RT protein were almost undetectable in viral particles of these two mutants, although the Pr160gag-pol mutants were properly expressed, transported and incorporated. Using protease inhibition assay, we demonstrated a correlation between the degradation of the RT mutants and the activity of viral protease. Our native gel analysis indicated that the mutations at 271 and 274 amino acids might cause conformational changes, leading to the formation of higher order oligomers instead of dimers, resulting in increased protein instability and susceptibility to viral protease. Thus, residues 271 and 274 are critical to RT stability and resistance to viral protease. The conservation of the two amino acid residues among different strains of HIV-1 lent further support to this conclusion. The knowledge gained here may prove useful in drug design.
Comparison of effects of exercise and diuretic on left ventricular geometry, mass, and insulin resistance in older hypertensive adults.

To compare the effects of exercise training and hydrochlorothiazide on left ventricular (LV) geometry and mass, blood pressure (BP), and hyperinsulinemia in older hypertensive adults, we studied 28 patients randomized either to a group (age 66.4 +/- 1.3 yr; n = 16) that exercised or to a group (age 65.3 +/- 1.2 yr; n = 12) that received hydrochlorothiazide for 6 mo. Endurance exercise training induced a 15% increase in peak aerobic power. The reduction in systolic BP was twofold greater with thiazide than with exercise (26.6 +/- 12.2 vs. 11.5 +/- 10.9 mmHg). Exercise and thiazide reduced LV wall thickness, LV mass index (14% in each group), and the LV wall thickness-to-radius ratio (h/r) similarly (exercise: before 0.48 +/- 0.2, after 0.42 +/- 0.01; thiazide: before 0.47 +/- 0.04, after 0.40 +/- 0.04; P = 0.017). The reductions in systolic BP and h/r were correlated in the exercise group (r = 0.70, P = 0.005) but not in the thiazide group. Exercise training reduced glucose-stimulated hyperinsulinemia (before: 13.65 +/- 2.6 vs. 9.84 +/- 1.5 mU.ml(-1). min; P = 0.04) and insulin resistance. Thiazide did not affect plasma insulin levels. The results suggest that although exercise is less effective in reducing systolic BP than thiazide, it can induce regression of LV hypertrophy similar in magnitude to thiazide. Unlike hydrochlorothiazide, exercise training can improve insulin resistance and aerobic capacity in older hypertensive people.
A New Rule-weight Learning Method based on Gradient Descent

Abstract — In this paper, we propose a simple and efficient method to construct an accurate fuzzy classification system. In order to optimize the generalization accuracy, we use rule-weight as a simple mechanism to tune the classifier and propose a new learning method to iteratively adjust the weight of fuzzy rules. The rule-weights in the proposed method are derived by solving the minimization problem through gradient descent. Through computer simulations on some data sets from UCI repository, the proposed scheme shows a uniformly good behavior and achieves results which are comparable or better than other fuzzy and non-fuzzy classification systems, proposed in the past. Index Terms — Fuzzy systems, Classification, Rule-weight, Distance, Generalization accuracy, Gradient Descent I. I NTRODUCTION Fuzzy rule-based systems have recently been used to solve classification problems. A Fuzzy Rule-Based Classification System (FRBCS) is a special case of fuzzy modeling where the output of the system is crisp and discrete. Different approaches used to design these classifiers can be grouped into two main categories:
Imaginary devices: gesture-based interaction mimicking traditional input devices

We propose Imaginary Devices, a set of freehand gestures that mimic the use of physical input devices. Imaginary Devices allow users to choose the input modality best suited for the task at hand, such as a steering wheel for a driving game or a joystick for a flight simulator. Exploiting the skills that users have acquired using physical input devices, they can instantly begin interacting with an Imaginary Device. Since no physical device is involved, users can switch quickly and effortlessly among a number of devices. We demonstrate the potential of Imaginary Devices with Grand Theft Auto, a game that requires players to change between roles often and quickly, and we examine the viability of the concept in two user studies. In the first study, we found that participants produced a wide range of postures to represent each device but all were able to reproduce the correct posture after a short demonstration. In the second study, we found that Imaginary Devices afford precise input control and approach the baseline performance set by physical devices.