Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of antioxidant supplementation on digestive enzymes in radiation induced intestinal damage in rats

Abstract Purpose: Intestinal mucosa, a rapidly proliferating tissue, is highly sensitive to radiation and undergoes apoptosis as a consequence of over generation of oxidative free radicals and the lack of the antioxidants. Thus the present study was designed to investigate the intestinal damage induced by radiation and to study if supplementation of the diet with antioxidant vitamins could ameliorate the intestinal damage and its digestive activity, as determined by the expression of various border enzymes. Materials and methods: Swiss Albino rats (150–200 g body weight) were divided into six groups. Group I: Control untreated; Group II: Irradiated; Group III: Irradiated + vitamin A; Group IV: Irradiated + vitamin C; Group V: Irradiated + vitamin E; and Group VI: Irradiated + lycopene. Animals were exposed to whole body γ-radiation from 60Co at the rate of 8 Gy for 15 min/rat. Intestinal morphology and changes in various digestive enzymes together with, DNA damage was studied in six groups and each group consisted of 18 animals. Results: The gastrointestinal toxicity resulted in malabsorption, diarrhoea, weight loss, loss of appetite, abdominal haemorrhage and hair loss. The activities of sucrase and alkaline phosphatase were elevated and those of lactase, leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase or tranferase (γ-GTP) were markedly reduced. Antioxidant vitamin A, C or E supplementations prevented changes in brush border enzyme activities as compared to lycopene administration in rat intestine by radiation exposure. Intestinal histology showed that the vitamin supplementation to irradiated rats minimized the intestinal damage in rats. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the epithelial lining of the intestine is highly sensitive to radiation exposure and supplementation of antioxidant vitamins is helpful in minimizing the intestinal damage and supplementation by vitamin E was most potent in ameliorating the intestinal aberrations.
Weaknesses in the Reporting of Cross-sectional Studies in Accordance with the STROBE Report (The Case of Congenital Anomaly among Infants in Iran): A Review Article

Background: The inadequate reporting of cross-sectional studies, as in the case of the prevalence of Congenital Anomaly, could cause challenges in the synthesis of new evidence and make possible mistakes in the creation of public policies. This study was conducted to critically appraise the quality of the articles involving congenital anomaly prevalence in Iranian infants with the STROBE recommendations. Methods: We performed a thorough literature search using the words “congenital anomaly” “birth defect” and “Iran” in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, SID, Elmnet, Magiran, IranDoc, Iranmedex, and Google Scholar until Aug 2017. In this critical appraisal we focused on cross-sectional studies that reported the prevalence of congenital anomaly in Iranian infants. Data were analyzed using the STROBE score per item and recommendation. Results: The results of 17 selected articles on Congenital Anomaly prevalence showed that the overall accordance of the cross-sectional study reports with STROBE recommendations was about 63%. All articles met the recommendations associated with the report of the study’s rationale, objectives, setting, key results and provision of summary measures. Methods and results were the weakest part of the articles, in which recommendations associated with the participant flowchart and missing data analysis were not reported. The recommendations with the lowest scores were those related to the sensitivity analysis (6%, n=1/17), bias (6%, n=1/17), and funding (41%, n=7/17). Conclusion: Cross-sectional studies about the prevalence of congenital anomaly in Iranian infants have an insufficient reporting on the methods and results parts. We recognized a clear need to increase the quality of such studies.
Wpływ leczenia insuliną chorych na cukrzycę typu 2 na pobieranie deoksy-D-glukozy przez limfocyty krwi obwodowej

Wstep. Glukoza stanowi podstawowe ¼rod³o energii dla limfocytow. Transportery glukozy (tzw. Glut) nale? ± do rodziny bia³ek b³onowych transportuj±cych heksozy do komorek poprzez dyfuzje u³atwion±. Celem badan by³o porownanie intensywno¶ci pobierania deoksy-D-glukozy przez limfocyty osob zdrowych i chorych na cukrzyce typu 2 leczonych insulin±. Materia³ i metody. W badaniach uczestniczy³o 45 osob chorych. Grupe kontroln± stanowi³o 20 osob zdrowych. Wyniki. Uzyskane wyniki wykaza³y istotny wp³yw cukrzycy typu 2 na transport deoksy-D-glukozy do limfocytow. W przypadku limfocytow osob zdrowych obserwowano sta³y, proporcjonalny do czasu trwania eksperymentu, zwiekszone pobieranie znakowanej deoksy-D-glukozy. Najwy? sz± warto¶ae uzyskano po 60 min. W przypadku limfocytow osob chorych najwy? sz± warto¶ae stwierdzono po 30 min, a nastepnie rozpoczyna³a sie faza plateau . Wnioski. Silny wp³yw insuliny na pobieranie deoksy-D-glukozy przez limfocyty mo? e wskazywaae na obecno¶ae insulinozale? nego transportera glukozy (Glut 4) w tych krwinkach.
3D PRECISION PROCESSING OF HIGH-RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY

High-resolution satellite images at sub-5m footprint are becoming increasingly available to the earth observation community and their respective clients. The related cameras are all using linear array CCD technology for image sensing. The possibility and need for accurate 3D object reconstruction requires a sophisticated camera model, being able to deal with such sensor geometry. We have recently developed a full suite of new methods and software package SAT-PP (Satellite Image Precision Processing) for the precision processing of this kind of data. The software can accommodate images from IKONOS, QuickBird, ALOS PRISM, SPOT5 HRS/HRG and sensors of similar type to be expected in the future. We will report about the status of the software, the functionality and some new algorithmic approaches in support of the processing concept. We put particular emphasis on the automatic triangulation and the automatic DSM generation modules, which can be done with sub-pixel accuracy. The software system has been verified extensively with several high-resolution satellite imagery datasets, such as the IKONOS and SPOT5 HRS images, over different terrain types, which include hilly and rugged mountainous areas, rural, suburban and urban areas. We will present some of the evaluation results in this paper.
Overleaf Example

We introduce ApolloRL , an open platform for research in reinforcement learning for autonomous driving. The platform provides a complete closed-loop pipeline with training, simulation, and evaluation components. It comes with 300 hours of real-world data in driving scenarios and popular baselines such as Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) and Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) agents. We elaborate in this paper on the architecture and the environment defined in the platform. In addition, we discuss the performance of the baseline agents in the ApolloRL environment.
Overleaf Example

Wavefront propagation and the appearance of spatially distant clusters of activity generically arise in many contexts including neuron firing, social contagions, epidemics, and critical infrastructure failures. These phenomena are in direct competition and represent a frustration between the network’s geometry and topology. Here, we extend their study to systems with higher-order interactions by analyzing cascades over noisy geometric complexes, which contain shortand long-range ‘simplices’ that encode dyadic, triadic, and high-order dependencies. We present a simplicial threshold model (STM) for cascades in which a vertex vi becomes active only when the activity across its simplicial neighbors—including adjacent 1-simplices, 2-simplices, etc.— surpasses a threshold Ti. We show that higher-order interactions and thresholding can coordinate to robustly guide cascades along a geometric substrate comprised of lower-adjacent simplices despite the presence of longrange simplices. We explore this phenomenon for a simplicial-complex-based model of a neuronal network, i.e., a neuronal complex, revealing that higher-order interactions also promote the expressiveness and efficiency of diverse spatio-temporal patterns. We support these findings with bifurcation theory to predict wavefront and clustering dynamics as well as introduce simplicial cascade maps that embed simplicial complexes with a latent geometry in which pairwise distances reflect the time required for STM cascades to travel between vertices. Our findings and proposed mathematical tools reveal the dynamical/structural interplay of higher-order nonlinearity and the multidimensional geometry of simplicial complexes to be a fruitful direction for uncovering the multiscale mechanisms that orchestrate higher-order processing within complex systems.
Overleaf Example

Event cameras capture visual information with a high temporal resolution and a wide dynamic range. This enables capturing visual information at fine time granularities (e.g., microseconds) in rapidly changing environments. This makes event cameras highly useful for high-speed robotics tasks involving rapid motion, such as high-speed perception, object tracking, and control. However, convolutional neural network inference on event camera streams cannot currently perform real-time inference at the high speeds at which event cameras operate—current CNN inference times are typically closer in order of magnitude to the frame rates of regular frame-based cameras. Real-time inference at event camera rates is necessary to fully leverage the high frequency and high temporal resolution that event cameras offer. This paper presents Ev-Conv, a new approach to enable fast inference on CNNs for inputs from event cameras. We observe that consecutive inputs to the CNN from an event camera have only small differences between them. Thus, we propose to perform inference on the difference between consecutive input tensors, or the increment. This enables a significant reduction in the number of floating-point operations required (and thus the inference latency) because increments are very sparse. We design Ev-Conv to leverage the irregular sparsity in increments from event cameras and to retain the sparsity of these increments across all layers of the network. We demonstrate a reduction in the number of floating operations required in the forward pass by up to 98%. We also demonstrate a speedup of up to 1.6× for inference using CNNs for tasks such as depth estimation, object recognition, and optical flow estimation, with almost no loss in accuracy.
Changes of health-related quality of life after initiating basal insulin treatment among people with type 2 diabetes

To assess the association between insulin regimens and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after the introduction of basal insulin (BI) among people with type 2 diabetes in real-world clinical settings. 16,339 registered people with diabetes who had inadequate glycaemic control by oral agents initiated BI (either single BI or Basal-bolus) and completed a 6-month follow-up from 209 hospitals were included in the analyses. At the end of the follow-up, the switches of insulin regimens, change of HRQoL (EQ-5D-3L) and their associations were assessed. Initial insulin regimens of single BI and of basal-bolus (BI included Glargine, Detemir, and Neutral Protamine Hagedorn) accounted for 75.6% and 24.4%, respectively. At 6 months, regimens used were BI alone (65.2%), basal-bolus (10.4%), and premixed (6.4%), whereas 17.9% stopped all insulin therapy. The visual analogue scale score increased by 5.46 (P < .001), and the index value increased slightly by 0.02 (P < .001). Univariate analysis showed that people with diabetes taking basal-bolus regimen had the greatest improvement on HRQoL in all dimensions, especially in the reduction of the percentage of Pain/Discomfort (by 10.03%) and Anxiety/Depression (by 11.21%). In multivariable analysis, single BI or premixed insulin at 6 months was associated with more improvement of visual analogue scale score compared with stopping all insulin. Improved HRQoL was observed after initiating BI in people with type 2 diabetes . If the same achievement on HbA1c control can be guaranteed, single BI is preferred to other regimens from the viewpoint of HRQoL. Basal-bolus has the most significant potential to increase HRQoL, however, the people with diabetes characteristics differ from those initiating BI alone. Further longitudinal cohort study with a longer study period might be necessary to evaluate the certain effect.
Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on post-stroke depression

BACKGROUND In patients with post-stroke depression (PSD) in diabetes, the situation may be more complex, requiring simultaneous treatment of blood glucose, depressive symptoms, and neurological dysfunction. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy can improve tissue oxygen content and improve the situation of ischemia and hypoxia, thus playing a role in protecting brain cells and restoring the function of brain cells. However, there are few studies on HBO therapy for patients with PSD. This study explores the clinical efficacy of such therapy for stroke complicated with depression and diabetes mellitus, and to provide reference and basis for clinical treatment and development through the application of relevant rating scales and laboratory test indicators. AIM To evaluate the clinical effects of HBO therapy on patients with diabetes with PSD. METHODS A total of 190 diabetic patients with PSD were randomly divided into observation and control groups (95 patients per group). The control group received escitalopram oxalate 10mg once a day for eight weeks. In addition, the ob-servation group was also given HBO therapy, once a day, five times a week, for eight weeks. The Montgomery Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), hypersensitive C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and fasting glucose levels were compared. RESULTS There were no significant differences in age, sex, or depression course between the groups (P > 0.05). After HBO treatment, MADRS scores in both groups decreased significantly (14.3 ± 5.2), and were significantly lower in the control group (18.1 ± 3.5). After HBO treatment, NIHSS scores in both groups decreased significantly, and scores in the observation group (12.2 ± 4.0) decreased more than in the control group (16.1 ± 3.4), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein and TNF-α in both groups were significantly decreased, and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.001). Fasting blood glucose levels in both groups decreased significantly, and those in the observation group decreased more (8.02 ± 1.10) than in the control group (9.26 ± 1.04), with statistical significance (t = -7.994, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION HBO therapy can significantly improve depressive symptoms and neurological dysfunction in patients with PSD, and reduce the levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein, TNF-α and fasting blood glucose.
Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of C=O and C=N Bonds Catalyzed by [Ru(η6 arene)(diamine)] Complexes: A Multilateral Study

In these days, asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) is a very attractive method for synthesis of enantioenriched chiral compounds, especially fine chemicals such as drugs or agrochemicals. In this review, several topics related to the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones and cyclic or acyclic imines are discussed. Initially, the reaction mechanism of the ATH of ketones and imines, mainly 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline derivates, is examined. Next, typical reaction conditions, structural effects of the catalyst and a substrate, and analytical methods used for ATH monitoring and practical applications of the ATH in the chemical industry are described. study of ATH of ( R ) 1,4 dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, substantially different reaction rates with various bases were observed. The highest reaction rates were measured after using tertiary bases, such as triethylamine (TEA), whose rate was over four times higher than N, N diisopropyl(ethyl)amine (DIPEA). Nevertheless, the secondary bases such as morpholine, piperidine, or pyrrolidine performed with even a lower reaction rate. Surprisingly, the reaction rate was rather high for aromatic amine, pyrrole and certainly low for pyridine. Both the reaction rate and asymmetric tendencies were significantly affected. In the case of diastereomeric excess ( de ), the lowest value was observed for DIPEA, followed by TEA. The secondary amines performed with a higher de over 60% and the highest value was obtained for pyrrolidine as one of the smallest molecules in the mixture. Also, de values for aromatic amines were in the range of 65–75%. These results suggested that differ‐ ences in diastereoselectivity were triggered by the steric demands of the bases applied. A very similar procedure was performed using 1-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline as the substrate. As in the previous case, significant differences between additions of tertiary, secondary and aromatic bases were observed in terms of the reaction rate. Interestingly enough, a slightly higher reaction rate was observed using DIPEA, than TEA. However, the enantioselectivity was not significantly changed with the usage of various bases.
Sequencing and analysis of three plasmids from Lactobacillus casei TISTR 1341 and 1 development of plasmid-derived Escherichia coli-L . casei shuttle vectors

1 Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Faculty of 7 Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, 2 Departamento de 8 Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (CSIC), Carretera de 9 Infiesto, s/n, 33300-Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain, and 3 National Center for Genetic 10 Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science Technology Development Agency, 113 11 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, 12 Thailand 13 14 Short title: Lactobacillus casei plasmids and plasmid-derived vectors 15 16
Gene therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Gene therapy has great potential to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Among many proposed strategies to deliver a therapeutic gene to muscle, recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer is the most promising. The recent isolation of new adeno-associated virus serotypes from human and nonhuman primates provides the opportunity to develop vectors that can achieve the long-term expression of a therapeutic gene in muscles of the entire body without detrimental effects. To translate the results from small animal models to clinical trials in humans, further work using larger animal models, such as dystrophic dogs or nonhuman primates, is required. This review also discusses recent progress in other gene transfer-related therapeutic approaches, including targeted exon skipping and gene correction.
Expression Level Analysis of ACE2 Receptor Gene in African-American and Non-African-American COVID-19 Patients

Background The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly across the continents. While the incidence of COVID-19 has been reported to be higher among African-American individuals, the rate of mortality has been lower compared to that of non-African-Americans. ACE2 is involved in COVID-19 as SARS-CoV-2 uses the ACE2 enzyme to enter host cells. Although the difference in COVID-19 incidence can be explained by many factors such as low accessibility of health insurance among the African-American community, little is known about ACE2 expression in African-American COVID-19 patients compared to non-African-American COVID-19 patients. The variable expression of genes can contribute to this observed phenomenon. Methodology In this study, transcriptomes from African-American and non-African-American COVID-19 patients were retrieved from the sequence read archive and analyzed for ACE2 gene expression. HISAT2 was used to align the reads to the human reference genome, and HTseq-count was used to get raw gene counts. EdgeR was utilized for differential gene expression analysis, and enrichR was employed for gene enrichment analysis. Results The datasets included 14 and 33 transcriptome sequences from COVID-19 patients of African-American and non-African-American descent, respectively. There were 24,092 differentially expressed genes, with 7,718 upregulated (log fold change > 1 and FDR 0.05) and 16,374 downregulated (log fold change −1 and FDR 0.05). The ACE2 mRNA level was found to be considerably downregulated in the African-American cohort (p-value = 0.0242, p-adjusted value = 0.038). Conclusion The downregulation of ACE2 in the African-American cohort could indicate a correlation to the low COVID-19 severity observed among the African-American community.
Two is better than one—Examining biology-specific TPACK and its T-dimensions from two angles

Abstract Until now, TPACK has mostly been measured by subject-unspecific self-report measures. In contrast, this study introduces and analyzes an objective and biology-specific performance assessment of the four T-dimensions of TPACK. This instrument was used in combination with a biology-specific self-report measure to examine 206 biology teacher students at an Austrian university. Using two test instruments to measure the same construct allows direct comparison and increases validity. Structural equation models were calculated to analyze and compare the internal structure of the four T-dimensions within the two instruments. Although different test formats were used, for which the dimensions showed moderate correlations, the data for both test formats showed a similar internal structure and support a transformative view due to lack of direct influence of technological knowledge (TK) on TPACK.
Complete genome sequence of “Candidatus Phytoplasma cynodontis” GY2015, a plant pathogen associated with Bermuda grass white leaf disease in Taiwan

ABSTRACT The complete genome sequence of “Candidatus Phytoplasma cynodontis” strain GY2015, which consists of one 498,922-bp circular chromosome, is presented in this work. This uncultivated plant-pathogenic bacterium is associated with Bermuda grass white leaf disease in Taoyuan, Taiwan.
A Stochastic Variance Factor Model for Large Datasets and an Application to S & P data

The aim of this paper is to consider multivariate stochastic volatility models for large dimensional datasets. We suggest the use of the principal component methodology of Stock and Watson (2002) for the stochastic volatility factor model discussed by Harvey, Ruiz, and Shephard (1994). We provide theoretical and Monte Carlo results on this method and apply it to S&P data. JEL Codes: C32, C33, G12