Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Green tissue-targeted expression of the Cry1Ab/c gene in transgenic maize using the Cre/loxP system as an alternative strategy against lepidopteran pests

Genetically modified (GM) proteins in edible tissues of transgenic maize are of intense public concern. We provided a Cre/loxP-based strategy for manipulating the expression of transgenes in green tissues while locking them in nongreen tissues. First, the Cre gene was driven by the green tissue-specific promoter Zm1rbcS to generate transgenic maize KEY. Meanwhile, a gene cassette containing a Nos terminator (NosT) in front of the Cry1Ab/c gene was driven by the strong promoter ZmUbi to generate another transgenic maize LOCK. By crossing KEY and LOCK plants, the expressed Cre recombinase under the control of the Zm1rbcS promoter from KEY maize accurately removed the NosT of LOCK maize. Consequently, the expression of blocked Cry1Ab/c was enabled in specific green tissues in their hybrids. The expression level and concentration of Cry1Ab/c were observed using a strategy with high specific accumulation in green tissues (leaf and stem). Still, only a small or absent amount was observed in root and kernel tissues. Furthermore, we assessed the bioactivity of transgenic maize against 2 common lepidopteran pests, Ostrinia furnacalis and Spodoptera frugiperda, in the laboratory and field. The transgenic plants showed high plant resistance levels against the 2 pests, with mortality rates above 97.2% and damage scales below 2.2 compared with the control group. These findings are significant for exploring novel genetic engineering techniques in GM maize and providing a feasible strategy for transgenes avoiding expression in edible parts. In addition, implementing the Cre/loxP-mediated system could relieve public sentiment toward the biosafety of GM plants.
Children with Intestinal Failure are at Risk for Psychopathology and Trauma

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the psychopathology and medical traumatic stress in children with intestinal failure (IF) and identify associated risk factors. Methods: Two-center study, performed from September 2019 until April 2022 (partly during COVID-19 pandemic), including children (1.5–17 years) with IF, dependent on parenteral nutrition (PN) or weaned off PN, treated by a multidisciplinary IF-team. Psychopathology in children was evaluated with a semi-structured interview assessing psychiatric classifications and validated questionnaires assessing emotional (internalizing) and behavioral (externalizing) problems. Medical traumatic stress was assessed with a validated questionnaire. Problem scores were compared with normative data. Associations between clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed with linear regression analyses. Results: Forty-one (of 111 eligible) children were included [median age 8.9 years (interquartile range, IQR 5.5–11.8), 54% female, 73% born preterm]. Median PN-duration was 17.3 months (IQR 6.9–54.0); 17 children (41%) were still PN-dependent. One third of the children met criteria for at least 1 psychiatric classification (compared with 14% in age-matched general population). Anxiety disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were most common. In school-aged children (n = 29, 6–17 years), significantly increased emotional problems were consistently reported by children (P = 0.011), parents (P < 0.001), and teachers (P = 0.004). In preschool children (n = 12, 1.5–5 years), no significant differences with normative data were found. Subclinical or clinical emotional problems were reported in 19 children (46%). Medical traumatic stress was present in 14%, and 22% of children had received psychological help for trauma before. Lower gastrointestinal related quality of life was associated with more emotional problems, but not PN-duration. Conclusions: Children with IF, particularly school-aged children, are at risk for psychological problems which is reflected by the high rate of received psychotherapy and the high rate of emotional problems and psychiatric classifications.
Simulation of Net Infiltration for Present-Day and Potential Future Climates

The purpose of this model report is to document the infiltration model used to estimate upper-bound, mean, and lower-bound spatially-distributed average annual net infiltration rates for present-day and potential future climates at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Net infiltration is the component of infiltrated precipitation, snowmelt, or surface water run-on that has percolated below the zone of evapotranspiration as defined by the depth of the effective root zone. The estimates of net infiltration are primarily used for defining the upper boundary condition for the site-scale three-dimensional unsaturated zone (UZ) model. The UZ flow model is one of several process models abstracted by the total system performance assessment (TSPA) model used to evaluate performance of the repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The net-infiltration model is important for assessing repository-system performance because output from this model provides the upper boundary condition for the UZ flow model used to generate flow fields; water percolating downward from the UZ will be the principal means by which radionuclides are potentially released to the saturated zone (SZ). The SZ is the principal pathway to the biosphere where the reasonably maximally exposed individual (RMEI) is exposed to radionuclides.
Moderate to Vigorous Intensity Locomotor Training After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Mean Effects and Response Variability

Background and Purpose: This meta-analysis quantified mean effects of moderate to vigorous intensity locomotor training (LTmv) on walking outcomes in subacute and chronic stroke, and the magnitude of variability in LTmv response. Methods: Databases were searched for randomized trials comparing LTmv with no intervention, nongait intervention, or low-intensity gait training. Comfortable gait speed (CGS), fastest gait speed (FGS), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), walking activity (steps per day), and adverse effect/event (AE) data were extracted. Pooled estimates were calculated for mean changes, AE relative risks, and the standard deviation of response (SDresponse) to LTmv versus control groups, stratified by study chronicity where possible. Results: There were 19 eligible studies (total N = 1096): 14 in chronic stroke (N = 839) and 5 in subacute stroke (N = 257). Compared with control interventions, LTmv yielded significantly greater increases in CGS (chronic, +0.06 m/s [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.01–0.10]; subacute, +0.16 [0.12–0.19]; subacute vs chronic, P = 0.03), FGS (chronic, +0.07 m/s [0.02-0.13]; subacute, +0.21 [0.01, 0.41]; P = 0.04), and 6MWT (chronic, +33 m [24–42]; subacute, +51 [26–77]; P = 0.054) but not steps/day (+260 [−1159 to 1679]). There were no treatment-related serious AEs among 398 LTmv participants in 14 AE-reporting studies. SDresponse estimates indicated substantial response variability: CGS, 0.11 m/s [0.00–0.15]; FGS, 0.14 m/s [−0.00 to 0.20]; and 6MWT, 41 m [27–51]. Discussion and Conclusions: LTmv improves mean walking capacity outcomes in subacute and chronic stroke and does not appear to have high risk of serious harm. Response magnitude varies within and between chronicity subgroups, and few studies have tested effects on daily walking activity or non-serious AEs. Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1 available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A452).
Dual Parallel Intramedullary K‐Wires for Arthrodesis of the Finger Distal or Thumb Interphalangeal Joints

K‐wire arthrodesis methods are commonly used during arthrodesis of the finger distal interphalangeal (DIP) or thumb interphalangeal (IP) joints. Here we propose an advantageous approach involving dual parallel intramedullary K‐wires with the K‐wire tips cut to bury underneath the skin.
Drought impacts on vegetation activity, growth and primary production in humid and arid ecoystems

espanolEn este trabajo se evalua la respuesta de los diferentes biomas terrestre a la sequia mediante una base de datos nueva que captura el efecto de la sequia sobre la vegetacion a diferentes escalas temporales. Se ha comprobado que los biomas caracteristicos de zonas aridas y humedas se ven afectados por la sequia, y que la escala temporal de la sequia juega un papel clave al determinar la sensibilidad de los biomas a la sequia. Los biomas aridos responden a las sequias medidas a escalas temporales cortas, debido a que las plantas tienen mecanismos que les permitan adaptarse rapidamente a la disponibilidad de agua. Los biomas humedos tambien responden a la sequia a escalas temporales cortas, probablemente debido a que las especies ubicadas alli muestran una mala adaptacion a la escasez de agua. Los biomas subhumedos responden a la sequia a escalas de tiempo mas largas, porque las plantas estan adaptadas para soportar el deficit de agua, pero carecen de la rapida recuperacion observada tras la sequia en los biomas aridos. EnglishWe have evaluated the response of the Earth biomes to drought using a new global dataset that captures drought effects on vegetation at various time scales. We show that arid and humid biomes are both affected by drought, and that the time scale on which droughts most intensively affects vegetation plays a key role in determining the sensitivity of biomes to drought. Arid biomes respond to drought at short time scales because plants have mechanisms allowing them to rapidly adapt to changing water availability. Humid biomes also respond to drought at short time scales, probably because there plant species show a poor adaptability to water shortage. Sub-humid biomes respond to drought at long time scales because plants are adapted to withstand water deficit, but they lack the rapid post-drought recovery observed in arid biomes.
Behaviour of Accessory Monazite and Age Significance During Metamorphism and Partial Melting During Grenville Orogeny: An Example from Otter Lake Area, Central Metasedimentary Belt, QC

II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . V TABLE OF CONTENTS . VI LIST OF FIGURES . VIII LIST OF TABLES . XI APPENDICES . XII CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 CHAPTER 2: GRENVILLE PROVINCE IN SOUTHERN CANADA . 6 CHAPTER 3: METHODS. 13 FIELD AND PETROGRAPHIC METHODS . 13 WHOLE-ROCK ANALYSIS: . 13 ELECTRON MICROPROBE ANALYSIS . 14 Garnet Analysis . 14 Monazite Analysis . 15 CHAPTER 4: FIELD RELATIONSHIPS AND PETROGRAPHY . 18 SUITE 1 AMPHIBOLITE AND DIORITE MIGMATITE (METATEXITE) . 18 SUITE 2 K-FELDSPAR GNEISS (DIATEXITE) . 20 SUITE 3: STROMATIC GRT-BT-SIL GNEISS (METAIGNEOUS & METASEDIMENTARY; METATEXITE & DIATEXITE) . 28 SUMMARY FIELD RELATIONSHIPS AND PETROGRAPHY FOR MONAZITE-BEARING SAMPLES . 30 CHAPTER 5: WHOLE-ROCK ANALYSIS . 33 MAJOR ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY . 33 TRACE ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY . 35 RARE EARTH ELEMENT (REE) GEOCHEMISTRY . 37 SUMMARY OF THE GEOCHEMISTRY OF MONAZITE-BEARING NEOSOMES. 39 CHAPTER 6: GARNET MINERAL ANALYSIS . 49 COMPOSITION PROFILES OF GARNET . 49 MAJOR AND TRACE ELEMENT ZONING . 52 SUMMARY OF GARNET CHEMISTRY . 63 CHAPTER 7: MONAZITE EMPA GEOCHRONOLOGY . 66 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MONAZITE. 66 MONAZITE U-TH-PB EMPA CHEMICAL AGES: . 69
Antagonism, summation, and synergy between combined doses of caffeine and theophylline on the reflex activity of frogs

Some drink caffeinated drinks such as coffee and tea to combat fatigue, and others consume caffeine supplements for their nootropic effects, such as improved focus and reaction time. Some claim that the ratio of the two methylxanthines most present in coffee, caffeine and theophylline, may have synergistic interactions. The purpose of this experiment was to explore the interactions and relationships between a combination of caffeine and theophylline at different doses. The study hypothesizes that an antagonistic relationship will be observed when caffeine and theophylline are combined. This research will be conducted in frogs to simulate humans. Frogs will be intravenously injected with caffeine and/or theophylline following decapitation and the removal of other potential variables to isolate the reflex response time required for the frogs to move in response to sulfuric acid solution stimuli. Standalone doses, as expected, were efficacious in reducing reflex response time. A combined dose further decreased reflex response time, though with decreasing levels of effectiveness at larger doses. According to the Combination Index (hereafter referred to as CI) from the Chou-Talalay method, Combined doses at meaningful dosages all exhibited antagonism. Any larger dose than a combined dose of 4.36mg (ratio 1:1) will exhibit antagonism. At that dose, an additive relationship is seen. Any lower than 4.36mg, synergy is exhibited. This conclusion proves that the hypothesis of the study is correct. An average cup of coffee contains 95mg of caffeine and 3.8mg of theophylline. These values far exceed the threshold of the combination becoming antagonistic. This means that the pharmacokinetic interactions between theophylline and caffeine can be disregarded in the context of consumer-grade coffee.
Demystify the Fuzzing Methods: A Comprehensive Survey

Massive software applications possess complex data structures or parse complex data structures; in such cases, vulnerabilities in the software become inevitable. The vulnerabilities are the source of cyber-security threats, and discovering this before the software deployment is challenging. Fuzzing is a vulnerability discovery solution that resonates with random-mutation, feedback-driven, coverage-guided, constraint-guided, seed-scheduling, and target-oriented strategies. Each technique is wrapped beneath the black-, white-, and grey-box fuzzers to uncover diverse vulnerabilities. It consists of methods such as identifying structural information about the test cases to detect security vulnerabilities, symbolic and concrete program states to explore the unexplored locations, and full semantics of code coverage to create new test cases. We methodically examine each kind of fuzzers and contemporary fuzzers with a profound observation that addresses various research questions and systematically reviews and analyze the gaps and their solutions. Our survey comprised the recent related works on fuzzing techniques to demystify the fuzzing methods concerning the application domains and the target that, in turn, achieves higher code coverage and sound vulnerability detection.
Analysis of the causes of ship collision accidents

According to marine traffic safety statistics, ship collision accidents are one of the most important marine traffic safety accidents. In order to study the occurrence mechanism of ship collision accidents, based on Bayesian network method, network nodes are determined from three aspects: human factors, ship factors and environmental factors. The research data selected the investigation reports of 90 ship collision accidents on the official website of the China Maritime Safety Administration, of which 80 were used for model construction and 10 were used for model verification. The causes of ship collision accidents are analyzed, the causal chain of ship collision accidents is deduced, and countermeasures and suggestions are proposed to reduce the occurrence of accidents. The results show that the Bayesian network model can predict the probability of ship collision accidents based on ship navigation information, and the main causative chain of ship collision accidents is {insufficient estimation of collision risk → failure to maintain regular lookout→ insufficient estimation of incoming ship collision risk→ failure to take effective collision avoidance measures early→ human factors}.
Population pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam in juvenile epilepsy patients in Shaanxi province

To establish a population pharmacokinetic model of levetiracetam for minors in Shaanxi Province, determine the covariates that affect the pharmacokinetic parameters and the mathematical relationship between them. One hundred and forty samples of patient blood concentrations were collected from minors in Shaanxi Province, and 77 samples were included. The population pharmacokinetic model was established by NONMEM software and validated by the bootstrapping method. A one-compartment model with first-order absorption best described the data. In the final model, the typical population values of CL/F, V/F, and Ka are 2.52 L/h, 23.9 L and 1.28 ℎ−1 respectively, and age is the only remaining covariate affecting the pharmacokinetic parameters of levetiracetam. This model can be used to predict individual palsma concentrations and help formulate a clinical individual drug administration plan for a specific patient population.
Machine learning for medical processing: algorithms and analysis

Machine learning models with well recognized algorithms such as deep learning convolutional neural network and decision trees are widely used to support healthcare worker with variety of tasks. This paper surveyed researches involving diagnose of COVID-19 as well as image analysis in cell segmentation. To make their model efficient and accurate, researchers applied methods such as decision trees with gradient boosting, Chi-square automatic interaction detection decision tree and CNN. In each research, the team had adjustments to fit their goals better and as a result, showing more potential to improve the models for health services.
An Empirical Analysis of Web Storage and its Applications to Web Tracking

In this article we present a large-scale empirical analysis of the use of web storage in the wild. By using dynamic taint tracking at the level of JavaScript and by performing an automated classification of the detected information flows, we shed light on the key characteristics of web storage uses in the Tranco Top 10k. Our analysis shows that web storage is routinely accessed by third parties, including known web trackers, who are particularly eager to have both read and write access to persistent web storage information. We then deep dive in web tracking as a prominent case study: our analysis shows that web storage is not yet as popular as cookies for tracking purposes, however taint tracking is useful to detect potential new trackers not included in standard filter lists. Moreover, we observe that many websites do not comply with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) directives when it comes to their use of web storage.
Analysis of the relationship between public open areas and health

This paper is based on the existing phenomenon that the prevalence of some diseases is increasing worldwide, and the patients can come from all age groups. It will focus on the relationship and influence between public open areas and people's health. The causes of this phenomenon may be due to the high level of competition in different aspects of society, such as study and work. People may face great pressure, so they devote more time to work and ignore the importance of physical activity. The author mainly discusses the public open areas for human health. Examples of how public open areas can be measured and how they relate to people's health, and how they can help people become healthier or have better living habits would be mentioned. Through analysis, this paper finds that public access can positively impact people's health, and people can easily benefit from it. Other factors, such as government and individual awareness, can help people become healthier in these areas.
Analysis of the safety production situation of Yangtze River based on gray system theory

The construction of transportation powerhouse has put forward higher requirements for waterborne transport safety. Carrying out refined prediction of waterborne traffic accidents in the Yangtze River is an important part of promoting the improvement of the level of waterborne transport safety development. Through the use of gray correlation analysis method, the influencing factors of waterborne transport safety production situation in the Yangtze River are systematically analyzed, and a monthly-scale Yangtze River waterborne transport safety production situation prediction model is constructed. The results show that there are many factors that affect the safe production situation of waterborne transport in the Yangtze River. Among them, the throughput of dangerous goods, the average daily traffic flow of the cross-section and the passenger traffic are the most prominent, and the correlation coefficient of different months exceeds 0.5. The simulation results of the gray system prediction model constructed are basically the same as the trend of the actual values, especially the consistency of the peaks is high, and the overall simulation results are relatively impressive.
Non-visual effects of CCT and illuminance and driving task on driver's mood: evidence from an EEG study

At present, the influence mechanism of road environment on drivers' mood remains unclear. In this paper, electroencephalogram (EEG) and other measurement methods were used to record the physiological and psychological indexes of driving under different correlated colour temperature (CCT) levels (3000k vs. 4000k vs. 5000k) and different brightness levels (20lx vs.30lx). The objective is to verify the effect of road lighting environment on drivers' mood. The results show that the interaction between CCT and illumination and driving task is significant. At 3000k, the drivers' emotional experience is the worst, while 4000k and 20lx are the best for drivers to maintain a good emotional state. However, increased lighting at 4000k and 5000k seemed more likely to cause negative mood in drivers.
The effect of plyometric training on the explosive force of lower limb of football players: a meta analysis

Plyometric Training refers to the practice method of muscles that play the maximum strength in the shortest time. Its physiological basis is the use of elastic potential energy and the reflection principle of muscle tissue to increase the activity of the reflection of neurons. Plyometric Training are widely used in training as a strategy for enhancing explosive force. This paper uses the Meta analysis research method to investigate the intervention effect of Plyometric Training (PT) on football players' lower limbs. This study uses Review Manager 5.4 and Stata MP 17 Software to meta-analyze 187 football players from 7 included paper by countermovement jump (CMJ) test, squat jump (SJ) test, 10-meter sprint test, and 30-meter sprint test, and the Cochrane risk bias evaluation tool is used to evaluate the quality of the literature, and the random effect model is used for analysis and heterogeneity testing. The results of the study are: (1) Plyometric Training can effectively increase the height of countermovement jump (MD = 4.27, 95%CI [2.14, 6.41], P <0.05); (2) Plyometric Training can effectively increase the height of squat jump (MD = 3.1, 95%CI [0.78, 5.41], P <0.05); (3) Plyometric Training can effectively reduce the completion time of 10-meter sprint (MD =-0.11, 95%CI [-0.19, -0.03], P <0.05); (4) Plyometric Training can effectively reduce the completion time of 30-meter sprint (MD = -0.37, 95%CI [-0.46, -0.27], P <0.05). This paper found that Plyometric Training can significantly improve the explosive force of football players, including jumping ability and sprint speed. As a training method, Plyometric Training plays an important role in promoting football performance. It is recommended to develop athletes' lower limb sports ability in physical training and sport training to improve the training efficiency of athletes.