Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of RNA Secondary Structure on the Pre-mRNA Splicing Process

Pre-mRNA splicing in eukaryotes requires joining together the nucleotides of the various mRNA-coding regions (exons) after recognizing them from the normally vastly superior number of non-mRNA-coding sequences (introns). For three excellent reviews on general splicing and its regulation, refer to references 14, 62, and 70. In eukaryotes, the vast majority of splicing processes are catalyzed by the spliceosome, a very complex RNA-protein aggregate which has been estimated to contain several hundred different proteins in addition to five spliceosomal snRNAs (1, 54, 62, 63, 81, 109). These factors are responsible for the accurate positioning of the spliceosome on the 5′ and 3′ splice site sequences. The reason why so many factors are needed reflects the observation that exon recognition can be affected by many pre-mRNA features such as exon length (5, 97), the presence of enhancer and silencer elements (8, 62), the strength of splicing signals (45), the promoter architecture (29, 55), and the rate of RNA processivity (86). In addition, the general cellular environment also exerts an effect, as recent observations suggest the existence of extensive coupling between splicing and many other gene expression steps (69) and even its modification by external stimuli (96).
From Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: The Cape Town Consensus Statement

In awareness of recent developments and upcoming future changes in the conceptualization of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCDs), a group of 14 experts with specific experience in this area decided that a consensus statement on the present and future of OCD is timely. The group, with their long-term interest and productivity in the area of OCD, met with the specific aim of providing a global perspective. Ten countries from four continents were represented in this 2-day consensus meeting. The meeting took place in Cape Town on February 27–28, 2006. The participants were asked to prepare and submit a relevant presentation before the meeting in order to enrich the discussion. Six presentations reviewed the following aspects of OCD: diagnosis, epidemiology, neurobiology, treatment, special populations, and pediatric OCD. A draft consensus was prepared, based on the presentations, recent consensus statements, evidence-based guidelines, and the ensuing discussions.
A Parallel Multilevel Method for Adaptively Refined Cartesian Grids with Embedded Boundaries

Asrecently as ﬁve to ten years ago, mesh generation was fre-quently the most time consuming task in a typical CFD cycle.Adaptive Cartesian mesh generation methods are capable ofproducing millions of cells around complex geometries inminutes and have substantially removed this bottleneck.Why write yet another Euler solver? With robust mesh gener-ation largely in-hand, solution time resurfaces as the pacingitem in the CFD cycle. The current work attacks this issue bydesigning a scalable, accurate Cartesian solver with robustmultigrid convergence acceleration. Our primary motivationis to gain efﬁciency by capitalizing on the simpliﬁcations andspecialized data structures available on Cartesian grids. Sig-niﬁcant savings in both CPU time and storage may be real-ized by taking advantage of the fact that cell faces arecoordinate aligned. In addition, higher-order methods withgood limiters are generally easier to design and perform morerobustly on uniform Cartesian meshes.Secondly, in any embedded-boundary Cartesian solver, thebody-intersectingcut-cellsdemand special attention. Thesecells can impose a substantial burden on the numerical dis-cretization since the arbitrary nature of geometric intersec-tion implies that a cut-cell may be orders of magnitudesmaller than its neighboring cells. This fact contrasts sharplywith the comparatively smooth meshes that are generallyfound on a good quality structured or unstructured mesh.Substantial research into these cut-cell issues have been stud-ied by references [9],[10],[6],[8], and [12] (among others)and we hope to take advantage of this investment.Thirdly, this work investigates a multigrid strategy that isspecialized for adaptively reﬁned Cartesian meshes. In ourapproach, all grids in the multigrid hierarchy cover the entiredomain and include cells at many reﬁnement levels. Thesmoother therefore iterates over the entire domain when it isinvoked on any grid in the hierarchy. In this respect, theapproach shares more with agglomeration or algebraic multi-grid techniques than with many other Cartesian or AMRmethods which iterate over only cells at the same level ofreﬁnement
Institutional Discrimination in Paediatric Hospitals

Social discrimination stands for one of the phenomena that social policies attempt to counteract by legislation, with a view to impeding its effects. Nevertheless, at institutional level, the decisions perpetuate and encourage discrimination, being practically a norm in an abnormal situation. Abnormality is represented by a series of deficiencies falling within the scope of perverse effects. Having analyzed institutional policies in the field of child health, we have identified a series of issues that fall under social discrimination. The paper submits the reasons for institutional discrimination in paediatric hospitals. The purpose of the research is to identify the discriminated persons and to report the repercussions of institutional discrimination at social level.
A Software Reliability Evaluation Method

Software reliability evaluation plays a very important role in the development of software, but the traditional software evaluation method mostly focuses on evaluation by use of failure data which is gained only after testing or usage in the late phase of the software life cycle. Thus people hope to get every stage's information about the software's reliability which is taken as the reference or accordance to guide the software's design, analysis and testing and so on. A software reliability evaluation method is put forward in this paper, which focuses on lots of information correlative with reliability during the whole software life cycle. Finally an application is put forward to demonstrate the feasibility of this method.
RNA polymerase motors: dwell time distribution, velocity and dynamical phases

Polymerization of RNA from a template DNA is carried out by a molecular machine called RNA polymerase (RNAP). It also uses the template as a track on which it moves as a motor, utilizing chemical energy input. The time it spends at each successive monomer of DNA is random; we derive the exact distribution of these ‘dwell times’ in our model. The inverse of the mean dwell time satisfies a Michaelis–Menten-like equation and is also consistent with a general formula derived earlier by Fisher and Kolomeisky for molecular motors with unbranched mechano-chemical cycles. Often many RNAP motors move simultaneously on the same track. Incorporating the steric interactions among the RNAPs in our model, we also plot the three-dimensional phase diagram of our model for RNAP traffic using an extremum current hypothesis.
Complete family of separability criteria

We introduce a family of separability criteria that are based on the existence of extensions of a bipartite quantum state rho to a larger number of parties satisfying certain symmetry properties. It can be easily shown that all separable states have the required extensions, so the nonexistence of such an extension for a particular state implies that the state is entangled. One of the main advantages of this approach is that searching for the extension can be cast as a convex optimization problem known as a semidefinite program. Whenever an extension does not exist, the dual optimization constructs an explicit entanglement witness for the particular state. These separability tests can be ordered in a hierarchical structure whose first step corresponds to the well-known positive partial transpose (Peres-Horodecki) criterion, and each test in the hierarchy is at least as powerful as the preceding one. This hierarchy is complete, in the sense that any entangled state is guaranteed to fail a test at some finite point in the hierarchy, thus showing it is entangled. The entanglement witnesses corresponding to each step of the hierarchy have well-defined and very interesting algebraic properties that, in turn, allow for a characterization of the interior of the set of positive maps. Coupled with some recent results on the computational complexity of the separability problem, which has been shown to be NP hard, this hierarchy of tests gives a complete and also computationally and theoretically appealing characterization of mixed bipartite entangled states.
Special Topic: Calcium Signaling the Calcium Sensing Receptor: from Calcium Sensing to Signaling the Ca 2+ -sensing Receptor (the Casr), Ca 2+ Signaling, Extracellular Domain (ecd), Ca 2+ -binding Sites

The Ca 2+-sensing receptor (the CaSR), a G-protein-coupled receptor, regulates Ca 2+ homeostasis in the body by monitoring ex-tracellular levels of Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] o) and responding to a diverse array of stimuli. Mutations in the Ca 2+-sensing receptor result in hypercalcemic or hypocalcemic disorders, such as familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, neonatal severe primary hyperpara-thyroidism, and autosomal dominant hypocalcemic hypercalciuria. Compelling evidence suggests that the CaSR plays multiple roles extending well beyond not only regulating the level of extracellular Ca 2+ in the human body, but also controlling a diverse range of biological processes. In this review, we focus on the structural biology of the CaSR, the ligand interaction sites as well as their relevance to the disease associated mutations. This systematic summary will provide a comprehensive exploration of how the CaSR integrates extracellular Ca 2+ into intracellular Ca 2+ signaling. After Sydney Ringer serendipitously discovered calcium (Ca 2+) to be essential for the contraction of isolated hearts in 1883 [1], Ca 2+ has received substantial attention and research on Ca 2+ has grown at an exponential rate as it was recognized that Ca 2+ is a universal carrier of biological information [2]. Ca 2+ controls matters of life and death as it modulates the process of fertilization as well as apoptosis. Before the discovery of the calcium-sensing receptor (the CaSR), Ca 2+ was mainly considered as a crucial second messenger through rapid yet efficient alterations in the in-tracellular calcium; it modulates extensive molecular sig-naling components through calcium channels and exchang-ers as well as pumps [3]. When Ca 2+ plays a role as first messenger for the CaSR, it integrates calcium signaling from changes in the extracellular Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+ ] o) to intracellular signaling networks that are critically important for many (patho)physiological processes, including cardiovascular remodeling, tumor cell migration and cancer metastasis [47]. Ca 2+-sensing receptors (the CaSRs) along with 14 other members of family C of the G protein-coupled receptors (cGPCRs), i.e., the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) and -aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptors, cooperatively respond to small changes in [Ca 2+ ] o to activate multiple signaling pathways. The cGPCRs are also integrators of diverse extracellular signal-ing molecules, including metabolites neurotransmitters (i.e., amino acids), pheromones, and sweet substances using their conserved long N-terminal extracellular domains (ECD) with a Venus Fly Trap (VFT) motif that contains a flexible hinge region. The CaSRs distributed in multiple organs …
Imaging findings for intravascular large B-cell lymphoma of the liver

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare subtype of extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that most commonly involves the central nervous system and skin. To our knowledge, no state-of-the art imaging findings have been reported for hepatic IVLBCL in the English literature. We report the first case of hepatic involvement of IVLBCL along with a literature review.
The (St)Age of Participation: audience involvement in interactive performances

Abstract In today's age of participation, co-creation, user-generated content and social networking have become part of a mass-appeal digital lifestyle. This contribution discusses potential implications for contemporary and future media art in the context of the stage. It reflects on why and how interactive performances could give consideration to this zeitgeist of empowered spectatorship and, moreover, proposes principles for participatory stage pieces that incorporate practice-based experience as well as findings from (social) flow theory, a psychological framework for optimal creative experience that we found to be valuable for fostering audience engagement in interactive dramaturgies.
Survey on impact of QMS ISO 9001:2000 in an organization, increases the effectiveness of its operations

This research paper will set out to explore the degree to which the practice of ISO 9001:2000 is used in Searle Pakistan limited in developing quality products that meets the customer requirement. The paper focuses on developing the understanding the operation and effectiveness of quality management systems and why companies are also committed to the needs of ISO9001:2000. A survey was conducted on Searle Pakistan limited registered with ISO 9001:2000 to evaluate the head office unit and factory units of the company to know how effective ISO9001:2000 standard to meet customer requirement which enhance to customer satisfaction. Also, to investigate the role of ISO9001:2000 standard that how its implementation help to improve business operation and its impact regarding to quality of the Searle Pakistan limited within the head office unit and factory unit.
Incidence of missing values in hierarchical clustering of microarrays data

Microarrays allow to determine expressed genes in a given cell type, at a given time and under particular experimental conditions. These experiments are performed on a huge scale and produce numerous data. Methods like Hierarchical Clustering (HC) [1] or Self Organizing Map [2] are often used to identify co-expressed genes. The data often contain several missing values (MV) due to experimental difficulties. These missing data represent a drawback for using certain quantitative analysis. Moreover, the presence of MV may strikingly modify the results. Usually, the users remove the genes with MV or replace the MV by a constant (zero or the average expression level of the entire experiment). Troyanskaya et al. demonstrate that the weighted K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) seems to be the most accurate method to estimate the value of MV in microarrays data [3]. First we have analysed the quantity of missing values in different public sets of microarrays data concerning Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In a second step we have assessed the effects of MV and the chosen metrics in the HC results. Then we have tested the KNN method incidence on the HC with our different datasets.
Pulp Fibre Recognition Based on Curvelet Transform and Skeleton Tracing Algorithm

In the analysis of pulp fibre, the characteristics of pulp fibre are important parameters in papermaking industry. In this paper, the curvelet transform and skeleton tracing method based on preferential direction were introduced to analyze the paper pulp fibre images. The curvelet transform was developed based on the Fourier transform, wavelet transform and radon transform. It has overcome some limitations of wavelet in representing orientations of edges in images. The theory and implementation of curvelet transform were summarized. In this paper, the curvelet transform was used to analyze the pulp fibre images, and the different characteristics of each fibre were extracted to disjoin the intersect fibres; the crossed or furcated fibres were distinguished by the width information. Experiment results showed that the proposed algorithm obtained perfect effects in the analysis of pulp fibre images.
Face Detection in Complex Background Using AdaBoost Algorithm

This paper has studied one kind based on rectangle features face detection technology. The first use of a fixed size training set training out of each rectangle features corresponding to the weak classifier, the weak classifier selection, made some improvement. Using AdaBoost algorithm to train the weak classifier, we get a strong classifier. In the end, we make strong classifier construction into a cascade structure of a human face detector, the experimental results show that the detector can quickly and accurately detect the human face images.
GAYA BAHASA MARIO TEGUH DALAM EPISODE “JOMBLO MULIA” 8 JUNI 2014 Kajian Retorika LANGUAGE STYLE OF MARIO TEGUH IN “JOMBLO MULIA” ON JUNE 8, 2014 EPISODE Rhetorics Study

Abstrak Retorika merupakan sebuah teknik pemakaian bahasa sebagai seni.Seni retorika bemacam-macam dan setiap penutur mempunyai kekhususan dalam memilih seni retorika dalam tuturannya. Mario Teguh sebagai seorang motivator juga menggunakan seni retorika tertentu. Seni retorika yang digunakan Mario Teguh meliputi gaya bahasa dan komunikasi nonverbal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan seni retorika yang berupa gaya bahasa dan komunikasi nonverbal yang digunakan Mario Teguh dalam tuturannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gaya bahasa yang digunakan Mario Teguh meliputi gaya bahasa berdasarkan struktur kalimat (klimaks, antiklimaks, antitesis, repetisi), berdasarkan langsung tidaknya makna (asindenton, polisindenton, eufimismus, pertanyaan retoris), dan bahasa kiasan yang meliputi majas personifikasi, sinekdoke, hiperbola, paradoks, metafora. Sebagai komunikasi nonverbal, Mario Teguh juga menerapkan faktor kinesik yang meliputi ekspresi wajah, gerakan tangan, penampilan dan postur; proksemik; dan paralingual. kata kunci : retorika, gaya bahasa, komunikasi nonverbal Abstract Rhetoric is a technique of using language as an art. There are many kinds of the art of rhetoric and every speaker has his/her own specificity in selecting the art of rhetoric in his/her speech. Mario Teguh as a motivator also uses certain rhetorical art. The rhetoric arts used by Mario Teguh are language style and nonverbal communication. The purpose of this study was to describe the art of rhetoric which are in the form of language style and nonverbal communication used by Mario Teguh in his speech. The results showed that the language style used by Mario Teguh are language style which is based on the structure of the sentence (the climax, anticlimax, antithesis, repetition) and based on the direct or the absence of meaning (asyndeton, polisydenton, euphemisms, a rhetorical question). The figurative languages used are personification, sinecdoc, hyperbole, paradox, and metaphor. As nonverbal communication, Mario Teguh also applied kinesic factors which include facial expressions, hand gestures, performance and posture; proxemic; and paralingual. keywords: retorics, language style, nonverbal communication
Waiting for war: soldiering, temporality and the gendered politics of boredom and joy in military spaces

The appropriate control and expression of emotion are integral to becoming and being recognisable as a soldier. The regulation of emotion in military settings is profoundly gendered. As a gender-conforming role for men but a gender-nonconforming role for women, the ways in which military men and women perform emotion, and how this comes to be understood, is often dependent on wider gendered assumptions about what men and women are and should be. As such, this chapter considers how gender appropriate and inappropriate displays of emotion operate and what they reveal about the regulation of emotion in enabling war. International Relations has repeatedly overlooked how “emotions not only represent a particular feeling or sensibility but also actively shape the world around us and the bodies of those that populate it” (Åhäll & Gregory, 2013: 117; Crawford, 2000; Sylvester, 2010). With notable exceptions (inter alia Hockey, 1986; Higate, 1998; Eichler, 2012; MacKenzie, 2012), much research on armed forces similarly fails to concern itself with the emotions and sensory experiences of those whose bodies are trained in inflicting state-sanctioned violence. This is rather curious as it is soldiers, and their bodies, that enable that very violence. The so-called ‘Revolution in Military Affairs’ (RMA) a shorthand for ongoing technological advancements taking effect in many state armed forces means that for some, state-based warfare is now far more a “contest, between machines that are served, maintained and operated by men [sic]” than something “waged by men [sic] employing machines” (Van Creveld, 2010: 225). However, soldiers remain integral cogs in the war machine. A continued reliance on their bodies, whether operating technology or not, ensures that it is not technology alone, but also soldiers, that enables war. Socialising individuals in the possible and actual enactment of military violence is emotional work therefore. Soldiers quickly learn the value of controlling and displaying
A GRAPH THEORETIC INTERPRETATION OF THE MEAN FIRST PASSAGE TIMES

Let mij be the mean first passage time from state i to state j in an n-state ergodic homogeneous Markov chain with transition matrix T. Let G be the weighted digraph without loops whose vertex set coincides with the set of states of the Markov chain and arc weights are equal to the corresponding transition probabilities. We show that
Characterizing the file hosting service ecosystem

File Hosting Services (FHS) such as Rapidshare and Mega-upload have recently become popular. The decline of P2P file sharing has prompted various services including FHS to replace it. We propose a comprehensive multi-level characterization of the FHS ecosystem. We devise a measurement framework to collect datasets from multiple vantage points. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to characterize the FHS ecosystem. The work will highlight the content, usage, performance, infrastructure, and quality of service characteristics of FHS. FHS can have significant implications on Internet traffic, if these services were to supplant P2P as the dominant content sharing technology.
Color-Based Algorithm for Automatic Merging of Multiview 3D Point Clouds

In this article, a method of merging point clouds using the modified Harris corner detection algorithm for extracting interest points of textured 3D point clouds is proposed. A new descriptor characterizing point features for identifying corresponding points in datasets is presented. The merging process is based on the Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) algorithm, which enables calculation of the geometric transformation between point clouds based on a set of interest points that includes incorrect samples, called outliers. The proposed processing path is designed to integrate many directional measurements, which are acquired with a 3D scanner and are represented as unsorted point clouds (x, y, z) with color information (R, G, B). Exemplary measurements shown in this article represent sections of ceiling in the King's Chinese Cabinet of the Museum of King Jan III's Palace at Wilanow in Warsaw, Poland, as well as some more complex objects. Experimental verification confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method in integrating directional measurements of objects with detailed texture, particularly if they have no unique geometric features.