Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive strategies and looping constructs: an empirical study

Authors' Present Addresses: Elliot Soloway and Kate Ehrlich, Department of Computer Science, Yale University, P.O. Box 2158, New Haven, CT 06520; Jeffrey Bonar, Learning Research and Development Center, Univ. of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260. This work was supported by the Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences. under ARI Grant No. MDA903-80-C-0508. This work was also supported by the National Science Foundation under NSF Grant SED-81-12403. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this report are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Government. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage, the ACM copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Association for Computing Machinery. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or specific permission. © 1983 ACM 0001-0782/83/1100-0853 75¢ ELLIOT SOLOWA Y Yale University JEFFREY BONAR University of Massachusetts
School Violence: The Role of Parental and Community Involvement

ABSTRACT This study utilizes the School Survey on Crime and Safety to identify variables that predict lower levels of violence from four domains: school security, school climate, parental involvement, and community involvement. Negative binomial regression was performed and the findings indicate that statistically significant results come from all four domains. When modifying the sample to include only schools that offer some form of parental involvement opportunities, schools with greater parental volunteering and participation in subject area events experience reduced levels of violence. Implications from this analysis include developing creative methods for greater parental input in school activities.
A Scaling Analysis of Linux I / O Performance

The widespread availability of multicore processors in server configurations with aggressive I/O resources (I/O co ntrollers along with multiple storage devices, such as solid state drives) is very promising for increasing levels of I/O performance. However, in this work, we raise concerns about the actual scalability of I/O performance observed in curre nt server configurations. We provide experimental evidence of scalability issues, using the latest stable Linux kernel re lease (v.2.6.37). We identify scaling limitations based on exten sive measurements and analysis of overheads, mostly lock contention, using a synthetic workload, which consists of basi c filesystem tasks and employs a high degree of I/O concurrency . Starting with a fairly common system configuration as a baseline, we find that for several cases I/O performance does not scale adequately with the number of available hardware threads, for a variety of filesystem operations. Moreover, w e observe that performance may actually deteriorate when mor e CPU cores become available. We attempt to mitigate overheads, as identified in our analysis, with targeted tuning. S till, significant scaling limitations remain, motivating a criti cal reexamination of the entire I/O path in the Linux kernel.
Performance investigation on DTCWT based on the common factor technique

This paper investigates the performance on a class of DTCWTs based on the common factor technique. The common factor technique was first proposed in [6] by Selesnick, where two corresponding scaling lowpass filters are required to satisfy the half-sample delay condition, and then was modified to improve the analyticity [9] and frequency selectivity [8]. The analyticity of complex wavelet can be improved by minimizing the phase error in the approximation band of allpass filters with given flatness condition. The frequency selectivity of scaling lowpass filters can be improved by locating a specified number of zeros at z = -1 and applying the Remez exchange algorithm to minimize the magnitude response in the stopband. How to determine the approximation band and stopband will influence the performance of DTCWT. Therefore, this paper is dedicated to how to choose the approximation band and stopband properly.
The Liouville Property and a Conjecture of De Giorgi

We consider bounded entire solutions of the nonlinear PDE Δu + u u 3 = 0i n R d and prove that under certain monotonicity conditions these solutions must be constant on hyperplanes. The proof uses a Liouville theorem for harmonic functions associated with a nonuniformly elliptic divergence form operator. c 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
On the origin of the universal radio–X-ray luminosity correlation in black hole candidates

In previous work, we found that the spectral state switch and other spectral properties of both neutron stars (NSs) and galactic black hole candidates (GBHCs) in low-mass X-ray binary systems could be explained by a magnetic propeller effect that requires an intrinsically magnetic central compact object. In later work, we showed that intrinsically magnetic GBHCs could be easily accommodated by general relativity in terms of magnetospheric eternally collapsing objects (MECOs), with lifetimes greater than a Hubble time, and examined some of their spectral properties. In this work, we show how a standard thin accretion disc and corona can interact with the central magnetic field in atoll class NSs, and GBHCs and active galactic nuclei (AGN) modelled as MECOs, to produce jets that emit radio to infrared luminosity L R that is correlated with mass and X-ray luminosity as L R oc M 0.75-0.92 L 2/3 x up to a mass scale invariant cut-off at the spectral state switch. Comparing the MECO-GBHC/AGN model to observations, we find that the correlation exponent, the mass scale invariant cut-off and the radio luminosity ratios of AGN, GBHCs and atoll class NSs are correctly predicted, which strongly implies that GBHCs and AGN have observable intrinsic magnetic moments and hence do not have event horizons.
"Knowledge Management, Attention, and Human Capacity and Capital Building: An Integrative Framework and Future Challenges within the eBusiness Environment”

As our society moves towards one based on knowledge and information, the eBusiness environment will increasingly become the business environment per se. Organisations will be forced to shift towards a knowledge management ‘way of working’ to develop the human capacity of their employees’. In response to this need, an integrative framework of KM is developed, stressing that organisations must ensure that human capacity building strategies provide employees with the Means (enabling technologies), the Skills (technological and attention management), and the Will (mindset and motivation) to participate effectively. A key tenant of this framework is to transform KM into routine work though corporate culture development – from ‘Management Fad’ to a ‘KM way of work. ’ Future challenges will be to understand and manage three key paradoxes that relate to the reality of how we ‘do’ our work, how we can begin and implement, and how we can evaluate KM and HC strategies.
Security of Digital Images using Steganography Techniques based on LSB , DCT and Huffman Encoding

In insecure communication, data hiding techniques have an important role to protect private/important information from unauthorized access. Steganography is a hiding technique that hides the secret information inside the digital medium in undetectable manner. We believe that a good steganography technique requires high embedding capacity without compromising security as well. In this paper, an image steganography method based on combination of LSB, DCT and Huffman Encoding is proposed. Two 8 bit gray level images are used, first one as a cover image and second as a secret image. Before embedding the secret image inside cover image, Huffman Encoding is applied on the secret image to reduce the payload and hence embedding capacity is increased. Then Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is applied to obtain DCT coefficients of cover image. DCT coefficients are used to select random pixel locations for hiding bits of Huffman codes. The stego image is a result of hiding each bit from Huffman code of secret image in Least Significant Bit of the cover image at random locations based on threshold. The experimental result shows that the proposed algorithm has high embedding capacity and good invisibility of secret data. PSNR value is used to compare the result with other existing Steganography approaches. In addition, high security is maintained since the secret image cannot be extracted without the knowledge of decoding rules, Huffman table and the Key Matrix.
Probing the Core Structure of Dark Halos with Tangential and Radial Arc Statistics

We study the arc statistics of gravitational lensing generated by dark matter halos in order to probe their density profile. We characterize the halo profile by two parameters, the inner slope of the central cusp α and the median amplitude of the concentration parameter, cnorm, for a halo of mass 1014 h-1 M☉ at z = 0 and compute the numbers of tangential and radial arcs produced by gravitational lensing of galaxy clusters. We find that the number of arcs divided by the number of halos is a good statistic that is sensitive to both cnorm and α with very weak dependence on the cosmological parameters. If arc samples with well-defined selection criteria for the clusters become available, one can strongly constrain both cnorm and α. While our tentative comparison with the existing observational data indicates that the inner density profile of dark halos is indeed as steep as predicted by recent simulations (α ~ 1.5), homogeneous samples of tangential and radial arcs are required for more quantitative discussions.
Extraction of discriminant features based on optimal transformation and cluster centers of kernel space

It has been proved a lot of linear feature extraction methods can be generalized to the nonlinear learning methods by using kernel methods. In this paper, a new nonlinear learning method of optimal transformation and cluster centers (OT-CC) is presented by using kernel technique. It is named as optimal transformation and cluster centers algorithm of kernel space (KOT-CC), which is a powerful technique for extracting nonlinear discriminant features and is very effective in solving pattern recognition problems where the overlap between patterns is serious. A large number of experiments demonstrate the new algorithm outperforms OT-CC and kernel fisher discriminant analysis (KFDA).
Intraocular route of AAV2 vector administration defines humoral immune response and therapeutic potential

Purpose Safety and efficiency are critical for successful gene therapy. Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors are commonly used for gene transfer in both human and animal studies. However, administration of AAV vectors can lead to development of neutralizing antibodies against the vector capsid, thus decreasing the efficiency of therapeutic gene transfer and preventing effective vector readministration. We investigated immune responses to different routes of ocular administration and readministration of AAV vectors, and the effect of previous exposure of AAV vector in one eye on the transduction efficacy of subsequent intraocular AAV-mediated gene delivery to the partner eye. Methods We tested two vector systems. One contained a cDNA encoding a secreted pigment epithelial derived factor (PEDF) cDNA under the control of a Cytomegalovirus (CMV) enhancer and chicken β-actin promoter (CBA; AAV2-CBA-PEDF) and was tested in a murine model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV). The other vector contained a cDNA encoding the intracellular reporter green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the same promoter (AAV2-CBA-GFP). Animals were divided into groups and received sequential injections at different combinations of either intravitreal or subretinal routes. CNV was evaluated by fluorescein angiographic choroidal flat-mount image analysis. The expression of GFP was analyzed in retinal sections by direct fluorescence imaging. Antibodies against AAV2 capsid and transgenes were analyzed by ELISA using serum samples collected before injection and different time points after the injection. Neutralizing antibodies were characterized by in vitro assays. Results Various ocular compartments responded to AAV administration differently. Intravitreal administration of AAV vectors, which resulted in transduction of inner retina (primarily retinal ganglion cells), generated a humoral immune response against AAV capsid that blocked vector expression upon readministration via the same route into the partner eye. In contrast, it had no effect on vector readministered into the subretinal space of the partner eye. Additionally, subretinal administration of vector did not trigger any humoral immune response against AAV capsid, and had no effect on subsequent administration of vector either intravitreally or subretinally into the partner eye. Conclusions These findings have important clinical implications for the design of AAV-mediated ocular gene transfer for retinal diseases, particularly if both eyes require sequential treatment.
Human tracking by structured body parts

Tracking non-rigid objects with significant shape variation in complex scenario is a difficult problem. Human tracking is a special case of this problem since human body has good local rigid properties. In this paper, we propose a novel human tracking method which explores the local rigid properties while keeping the global structure very well. This method consists of three stages. First, the human body is represented by structured rigid parts extracted using patches clustering method. Then, the rigid parts are tracked through a structured constraint method. Finally, the optimal estimated state of the object is obtained through global similarity. Experimental results show that the proposed method has good performance for human tracking with big posture and shape change.
Channel Models for Fixed Wireless Applications

Source(s) V. Erceg, Iospan Wireless Inc., USA K.V. S. Hari, Stanford University, USA M.S. Smith, Nortel Networks, GB D.S. Baum, Stanford University, USA K.P. Sheikh, Sprint, USA C. Tappenden, Nortel Networks, CND J.M. Costa, Nortel Networks, CND C. Bushue, Sprint, USA A. Sarajedini, BeamReach Networks R. Schwartz, BeamReach Networks D. Branlund, BeamReach Networks Voice: +1-408-232-7551, verceg@iospanwireless.com Voice: +1-650-724-3640, hari@rascals.stanford.edu Voice: +44-127-940-2128, mss@nortelnetworks.com Voice: +1-650-724-3640, dsbaum@stanford.edu Voice: +1-913-315-9420, khurram.p.sheikh@mail.sprint. com Voice: +1-613-763-9894, ctappend@nortelnetworks.com Voice: +1-613-763-7574, costa@nortelnetworks.com Voice: +1-913-624-3090, carl.bushue@mail.sprint. com Voice: +1-650-944-1294, asarajedini@beamreachnetworks.com Voice: +1-650-988-4758, rschwartz@beamreachnetworks.com Voice: +1-650-988-4703, dbranlund@beamreachnetworks.com Re: Call for Contributions: Session #10 Topic: Traffic, Deployment, and Channel Models, dated September 15, 2000 (IEEE 802.16.3-00/13) This responds to the second item: Channel propagation model Abstract This document provides a joint submission that describes a set of channel models suitable for fixed wireless applications. Purpose This is for use by the Task Group to evaluate air interface performance Notice This document has been prepared to assist IEEE 802.16. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate text contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.16. Patent Policy and Procedures The contributor is familiar with the IEEE 802.16 Patent Policy and Procedures (Version 1.0) <http://ieee802.org/16/ipr/patents/policy.html>, including the statement IEEE standards may include the known use of patent(s), including patent applications, if there is technical justification in the opinion of the standards-developing committee and provided the IEEE receives assurance from the patent holder that it will license applicants under reasonable terms and conditions for the purpose of implementing the standard.
Do Auditors Objectively Evaluate Their Subordinates' Work?

In this study, we investigate whether audit managers' assessment of the quality of work their subordinates perform is influenced by the managers' prior impressions of these subordinates, and whether managers whom the firm considers outstanding are less susceptible to such an effect. We conduct an experiment using actual audit senior‐manager teams. Each senior and manager participating in the experiment has been classified by his or her firm as either outstanding or average. Each manager is paired with two audit seniors (one outstanding senior and one average senior), and each evaluates the memos written by his or her paired seniors. Managers evaluate the quality of the memos twice: (1) first, with the identities of the seniors indicated on the memos, and (2) later, when the seniors' identities are not explicitly revealed. Results show that average managers evaluate memos written by outstanding seniors more favorably than those written by average seniors when they know the identities of the memos' authors,.
Study on Personality of Human-Computer Interaction System Based on the LAN

From learnerpsilas personality, research the human-computer interaction system in the LAN education; build up the theory of the human-computer interaction in the education LAN, analyze the human-computer interaction system character, according to its character, set up a human-computer interaction system model based on the learner's personality, analyze the key technology, accomplish the key technology in the personality of human-computer interaction. Just need to change a little software of the system, then it is suitable to the human-computer interaction in the industry control and machine auto control.
Local consistency preserved coupled mappings for low-resolution face recognition

Existing face recognition systems can achieve high recognition rates in the well-controlled environment. However, when the resolution of the test images is lower than that of the gallery images, the performance degrades seriously. Traditional two-step solutions (first adopting super-resolution (SR) method, and then performing the recognition phase) mainly focus on visual enhancement, rather than classification. In this paper, we utilize Local Consistency Preserved Coupled Mappings (LCPCM-I) to project the face images with different resolutions onto a new common space for recognition based on coupled mappings (CM). To achieve better results, we incorporate discriminant information with LCPCM (LCPCM-II). The experimental results on FERET database verify the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Exploitation of a priori information for tracking maritime intermittent data sources

This paper presents results achieved by the Authors within the IPP1 Multi Sensorics program. The addressed research deals with the exploitation of context information, denoted as “Knowledge Base” within the different steps of multi-sensor data processing for surface surveillance. An overview on the research motivations and the application field (e.g., multi-target tracking in the Maritime Scenario) is given with focus on intermittent information sources (i.e., non-continuous sensor reports, due to low-SNR signals, sensor blind areas, communication loss, etc). The Knowledge Base is described by means of mathematical models and the inclusion of the a priori information into the Extended Kalman Filter is presented. Different target motion models are herein considered. Finally, the achievements are summarised in terms of track continuity performance over a live maritime traffic scenario.
Authentication protocols for mobile network environment value-added services

The secure provision of mobile computing and telecommunication services is rapidly increasing in importance as both demand and applications for such services continue to grow. This paper is concerned with the design of public key based protocols suitable for application in upcoming third-generation mobile systems such as the Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service. Candidate protocols are considered for the authentication of a mobile user to a value-added service provider with initialization of a mechanism enabling payment for the value-added service. A set of goals for such a protocol are identified, as are a number of generic attacks; these goals and attacks are then used to evaluate the suitability of seven candidate third-generation user-to-network authentication protocols. Many of these candidate protocols are shown to have highly undesirable features.
Performance Prediction of Application Mapping in Manycore Systems with Artificial Neural Networks

The growing demand for smarter high-performance embedded systems leads to the integration of multiple functionalities in on-chip systems with tens (even hundreds) of cores. This trend opens a very challenging question about the optimal resource allocation in those manycore systems. Answering this question is key to meet the performance and energy requirements. This paper deals with a learning technique applicable to manycore systems in order to predict mapping-related performances. The resulting prediction models can enable to improve dynamic resource allocation decisions. Our proposal is demonstrated on two automotive applications with very promising results.
Representation and Process in Bilingual Lexical Interaction*

Bilinguals show word use patterns in each of their languages that differ from those of monolinguals. One interpretation is that, for bilinguals, the word meanings of one language are influenced by those of the other. Another is that the cross-language influence lies in on-line processes – word retrieval probabilities or word form activation levels. To discriminate between interpretations, we asked Mandarin–English bilinguals to name household objects in their L1 and L2 via forced choice instead of free production. The options given were the monolingual-preferred choices, eliminating memory retrieval demands and keeping those words at a high level of activation. For comparison, monolinguals of each language performed the same task in their native language. Differences from monolinguals in word choice were substantially reduced, especially in L1, but bilingual patterns still showed some cross-language influence in both L1 and L2. This outcome implicates cross-language influences on both bilingual processing and meaning representations.