Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of downlink and uplink decoupling in dense cellular networks

Decoupling uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) is a new architectural paradigm where DL and UL are not constrained to be associated to the same base station (BS). Building upon this paradigm, the goal of the present paper is to provide lower, albeit tight bounds for the ergodic UL capacity of a decoupled cellular network. The analysis is performed for a scenario consisting of a macro BS and a set of small cells (SCs) whose positions are selected randomly according to a Poisson point process of a given spatial density. Based on this analysis simple bounds in closed form expressions are defined. The devised bounds are employed to compare the performance of the decoupled case versus a set of benchmark cases, namely the coupled case, and the situations of having either a single macro BS or only SCs. This comparison provides valuable insights regarding the behavior and performance of such networks, providing simpler expressions for the ergodic UL capacity as a function of the distances to the macro BS and the density of SCs. These expressions constitute a simple guide to the minimum degree of densification that guarantees the Quality of Service (QoS) objectives of the network, thus, providing a valuable tool to the network operator of significant practical and commercial value.
문화적 자기개념과 외모중심의 대인지각 성향의 관계: 한국사회의 루키즘(Lookism)에 관한 심리학적 고찰 (Relationship between Self-Construals and Appearance-Oriented Person Perception)

Korean Abstract: 본 연구는 문화적 자기개념(self-construals) 개념을 기반으로 대인지각 과정에서 외모가 어떤 영향력을 갖는지 살펴보았다. 개인에 대한 간단한 이력 정보와 함께 외모정보(사진: 매력성 고/저) 혹은 성격정보(언어진술문)를 제시하고, 그 사람에 대해 얼마나 파악했다고 인식하는지 조건별로 살펴보았다. 연구결과 상호의존적 자기개념을 가진 사람은 이력서 속의 인물에 대하여 사진정보를 제시받았을 때 더 잘 파악하였다고 인식하였으나, 독립적 자기개념을 가진 사람은 이와 같은 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 평가대상의 유능성과 사회성을 추론할 때에도 대상자의 매력성이 높을 때 그 사람에 대해 더 긍정적으로 평가하였는데, 매력성이 낮은 사진에 노출된 응답자들은 사진이 제시되지 않은 조건과 동일한 수준으로 대상자를 낮게 평가하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 우리나라의 ‘외모주의(lookism)’ 현상의 심리적 기저 원인으로 문화적 자기개념의 관련성에 대해 논의하고, 본 연구의 한계와 향후 연구를 제안하였다. English Abstract: This study aimed to investigate that appearance information effects on person perception process in terms of independent and interdependent self-construal. By the Markus & Kitayama (1991)'s concepts of self-construals, Westerners are more independent self-construals than interdependent self-construal, where as orients are more interdependent self than independent self. We have compared how respondents have perceived of the target person of two conditions of experimental group, which are attractive or unattractive photo condition, and one control group (non-photo verbal information condition) of the same resume. Results showed that interdependent self was influenced by the target persons's physical attractiveness in person perception, but independent self wasn't influenced by the appearance information of the target person. We suggested that self-construals have related to the reason why Koreans are more valued on and oriented to appearance than Westerners.
Simple, readable sub-sentences

We present experiments using a new unsupervised approach to automatic text simplification, which builds on sampling and ranking via a loss function informed by readability research. The main idea is that a loss function can distinguish good simplification candidates among randomly sampled sub-sentences of the input sentence. Our approach is rated as equally grammatical and beginner reader appropriate as a supervised SMT-based baseline system by native speakers, but our setup performs more radical changes that better resembles the variation observed in human generated simplifications.
Photostabilizing Efficiency of Poly(vinyl chloride) in the Presence of Organotin(IV) Complexes as Photostabilizers

Three organotin complexes containing furosemide as a ligand (L), Ph3SnL, Me2SnL2 and Bu2SnL2, were synthesized and characterized. Octahedral geometry was proposed for the Me2SnL2 and Bu2SnL2, while the Ph3SnL complex has trigonal bipyramid geometry. The synthesized organotin complexes (0.5% by weight) were used as additives to improve the photostability of poly(vinyl chloride), PVC, (40 μm thickness) upon irradiation. The changes imposed on functional groups, weight loss and viscosity average molecular weight of PVC films were monitored. The experimental results show that the rate of photodegradation was reduced in the presence of the organotin additives. The quantum yield of the chain scission was found to be low (9.8 × 10−7) when Ph3SnL was used as a PVC photostabilizer compared to controlled PVC (5.18 × 10−6). In addition, the atomic force microscope images for the PVC films containing Ph3SnL2 after irradiation shows a smooth surface compared to the controlled films. The rate of PVC photostabilization was found to be highest for Ph3SnL followed by Bu2SnL2 and Me2SnL2. It has been suggested that the organotin complexes could act as hydrogen chloride scavengers, ultraviolet absorbers, peroxide decomposers and/or radical scavengers.
Research Accomplishments and Objectives

This document presents my research accomplishments and objectives as of Spring 2002. The document references and lists most of my publications, so it also serves as an annotated list of publications. In addition, Section 8 discusses my teaching and describes a textbook that I have written. Most of my recent and current research focuses on discrete and computer-architecture-related issues in numerical linear algebra. Section 1 describes my work on combinatorial preconditioning; Section 2 describes my work on parallel algorithms in numerical linear algebra, and Section 3 describes work on cache-efficient and out-ofcore algorithms. Section 4 describes work on sparse direct linear solvers. I plan to continue this research effort in the future. My work on algorithms in numerical linear algebra is motivated both by a desire to find techniques and solutions that are relevant to computational scientists, and by a desire to understand fundamental issues. Consequently, some of my work is theoretical, some is experimental, and some combines both. Making solutions relevant to computational scientists often requires the implementation of algorithms in the form of robust and easy-to-use algorithmic libraries. I have produced several such codes: I participated in the production of a code for IBM’s Parallel Engineering and Scientific Subroutine Library, and I produced a library of out-of-core dense matrix algorithms called SOLAR, a library of sparse linear solvers called TAUCS, as well as a number of smaller codes. Except for the IBM code, the codes a publicly available. TAUCS, the most recent library, includes combinatorial preconditioners, incomplete-Cholesky preconditioners, a number of high-performance sparse direct solvers, and out-of-core sparse direct solvers. In addition to producing codes that computational scientists can use on their own, I also collaborate directly with computational physicists and chemists. For example, I recently collaborated with a computational chemist on an electronic-structure calculation code that required an out-of-core SVD algorithm. I have also conducted research that is not related to numerical linear algebra. This includes work on parallel algorithms and parallel-programming systems, described in Section 5, work on geometric optimization that Section 6 describes, and work on digital typography that Section 7 describes. My research on digital typography resulted in another widely-used and widely deployed piece of code, one that is installed and used on most Linux desktop systems.
Advanced glycation end products and the kidney

Bohlender, Jürgen M. , Sybille Franke, Günter Stein, and Gunter Wolf. Advanced glycation end products and the kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 289: F645–F659, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00398. 2004. —Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a heterogeneous group of protein and lipids to which sugar residues are covalently bound. AGE formation is increased in situations with hyperglycemia (e.g., diabetes mellitus) and is also stimulated by oxidative stress, for example in uremia. It appears that activation of the renin-angiotensin system may contribute to AGE formation through various mechanisms. Although AGEs could nonspecifically bind to basement membranes and modify their properties, they also induce specific cellular responses including the release of profibrogenic and proinflammatory cytokines by interacting with the receptor for AGE (RAGE). However, additional receptors could bind AGEs, adding to the complexity of this system. The kidney is both: culprit and target of AGEs. A decrease in renal function increases circulating AGE concentrations by reduced clearance as well as increased formation. On the other hand, AGEs are involved in the structural changes of progressive nephropathies such as glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and tubular atrophy. These effects are most prominent in diabetic nephropathy, but they also contribute to renal pathophysiology in other nondiabetic renal diseases. Interference with AGE formation has therapeutic potential for preventing the progression of chronic renal diseases, as shown from data of animal experiments and, more recently, the first clinical trials.
Natural Language Generation for Decision Support ∗

One potential use of Natural Language Generation (nlg) systems is to generate texts that help users make decisions. I summarise current and previous work in this area, and explain why I think decision support is potentially a very promising application of nlg. I also briefly describe some of the research challenges in generating decision support texts, and introduce the new BabyTalk project at Aberdeen, which will generate texts for medical decision support.
Acceptability and Correlates of Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cervical Cancer among Medical Students in Southwest China: Implications for Cancer Education

Objectives To understand knowledge about, and acceptability of, cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccines among medical students; and to explore potential factors that influence their acceptability in China. Methods We conducted a survey among medical students at six universities across southwest China using a 58-item questionnaire regarding knowledge and perceptions of HPV, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccines. Results We surveyed 1878 medical students with a mean age of 20.8 years (standard deviation: 1.3 years). Of these, 48.8% and 80.1% believed cervical cancer can be prevented by HPV vaccines and screening respectively, while 60.2% and 71.2% would like to receive or recommend HPV vaccines and screening. 35.4% thought HPV vaccines ought to be given to adolescents aged 13–18 years. 32% stated that women should start to undergo screening from the age of 25. 49.2% felt that women should receive screening every year. Concern about side effects (38.3% and 39.8%), and inadequate information (42.4% and 35.0%) were the most cited barriers to receiving or recommending HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Females were more likely to accept HPV vaccines (OR, 1.86; 95% CI: 1.47–2.35) or cervical cancer screening (OR, 3.69; 95% CI: 2.88–4.74). Students with a higher level of related knowledge were much more willing to receive or recommend vaccines (P<0.001) or screening (P<0.001). Students who showed negative or uncertain attitudes towards premarital sex were less likely to accept either HPV vaccines (OR, 0.67; 95% CI: 0.47–0.96), or screening (OR, 0.68; 0.47–0.10). Non-clinical students showed lower acceptability of cervical screening compared to students in clinical medicine (OR, 0.74; 95% CI: 0.56–0.96). Conclusions The acceptability of HPV vaccines and cervical cancer screening is relatively low among medical students in southwest China. Measures should be taken to improve knowledge about cervical cancer and awareness of HPV vaccines and screening among medical students at university.
Formulation and Evaluation of Chitosan-Based Ampicillin Trihydrate Nanoparticles

Purpose: To develop ampicillin trihydrate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles by modified ionic gelation method and evaluate their antimicrobial activity. Methods: Ampicillin trihydrate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation method with the aid of sonication. Parameters such as the zeta potential, polydispersity, particle size, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release of the nanoparticles were assessed for optimization. The antibacterial properties of the nanoparticle formulation were evaluated and compared with that of a commercial formulation (reference). Results: Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the nanoparticles were in the nanosize range but irregular in shape. Concentrations of 0.35 %w/v of chitosan and 0.40 %w/v sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) and a sonication time of 20 min constituted the optimum conditions for the preparation of the nanoparticles. In vitro release data showed an initial burst followed by slow sustained drug release. The nanoparticles demonstrated superior antimicrobial activity to plain nanoparticles and the reference, due probably to the synergistic effect of chitosan and ampicillin trihydrate. Conclusion: Modified ionic gelation method can be utilized for the development of chitosan nanoparticles of ampicillin trihydrate. Polymer and crosslinking agent concentrations and sonication time are rate-limiting factors for the development of the optimized formulation. The chitosan nanoparticles developed would be capable of sustained delivery of ampicillin trihydrate.
Building a Resource for Evaluating the Importance of Sentences

This paper will introduce a new lexical resource for measuring the importance of short segments of text, such as sentences. The resource, a list of words compiled automatically from a large background corpus of news articles, can provide evidence that a text segment is globally important, that is intrinsically interesting, not only interesting in relation to a specified topic or set of documents.
Volunteer-based system for classification of traffic in computer networks

To overcome the drawbacks of existing methods for traffic classification (by ports, Deep Packet Inspection, statistical classification) a new system was developed, in which the data are collected from client machines. This paper presents design of the system, implementation, initial runs and obtained results. Furthermore, it proves that the system is feasible in terms of uptime and resource usage, assesses its performance and proposes future enhancements.
Étude d'un modèle d'inférence de connaissances à partir de textes

Cet article propose une approche automatisee d’inference de connaissances basee sur l’analyse de relations extraites a partir de textes. Son originalite repose sur la definition d’un cadre tenant compte (i) d’une structuration des objets etudies (e.g. syntagmes nominaux) sous la forme d’un ordre partiel et (ii) de l’exploitation possible d’une connaissance a priori formalisee dans un modele de connaissances de type ontologie (taxonomie). Ce cadre permet notamment de definir des regles de propagation de l’information basees sur la theorie des croyances afin d’inferer de nouvelles connaissances a partir des relations extraites. Bien qu’a portee plus large, notre approche est ici illustree et evaluee au travers de la definition d’un systeme automatique exploitant des textes issus du Web afin de repondre a des questionnaires generes. Nous montrons notamment l’interet de structurer les extractions et le gain apporte par la prise en compte d’une connaissance a priori au sein d’une telle chaine de traitement.
Loss Minimization in Parse Reranking

We propose a general method for reranker construction which targets choosing the candidate with the least expected loss, rather than the most probable candidate. Different approaches to expected loss approximation are considered, including estimating from the probabilistic model used to generate the candidates, estimating from a discriminative model trained to rerank the candidates, and learning to approximate the expected loss. The proposed methods are applied to the parse reranking task, with various baseline models, achieving significant improvement both over the probabilistic models and the discriminative rerankers. When a neural network parser is used as the probabilistic model and the Voted Perceptron algorithm with data-defined kernels as the learning algorithm, the loss minimization model achieves 90.0% labeled constituents F1 score on the standard WSJ parsing task.
Visual perception : essential readings

Visual Perception: An Overview. Part I: Theoretical Perspectives. H. von Helmholtz, Concerning the Perceptions in General. W. Tanner and J. Swets, A Decision-Making Theory of Visual Detection. H. Barlow, Single Units and Sensation: A Neuron Doctrine for Perceptual Psychology? J. Gibson, The Theory of Information Pickup and its Consequences. D. Marr, The Philosophy and the Approach. Part II: Early Vision. L. Hurvich and D. Jamison, An Opponent-Process Theory of Color Vision. D. Hubel and T. Weisel, Receptive Fields and Functional Architecture of Monkey Striate Cortex. C. Blakemore and F. Campbell, On the Existence of Neurons in the Human Visual System Selectively Sensitive to the Orientation and Size of Retinal Images. S. Zeki, J. Watson, C. Lueck, K. Friston, C. Kennard, R. Frackowiak, A Direct Demonstration of Functional Specialization in Human Visual Cortex. W. Newsome, K. Britten, and J. Movshon, Neuronal Correlates of a Perceptual Decision. Part III: Perceptual Organization and Constancy. M. Wertheimer, Laws of Organization in Perceptual Forms. E. Rubin, Figure and Ground. L. Kaufman and I. Rock, The Moon Illusion. H. Wallach, Brightness Constancy and the Nature of Achromatic Colors. I. Rock, R. Nijhawan, S. Palmer, and L. Tudor, Grouping Based on Phenomenal Similarity of Achromatic Color. Part IV: Object and Spatial Vision. H. Lissauer, A Case of Visual Agnosia with a Contribution to Theory. M. Mishkin, L. Ungerleider, and K. Macko, Object Vision and Spatial Vision: Two Cortical Pathways. E. Adelson and J. Movshon, Phenomenal Coherence of Moving Visual Patterns. R. Shepard and J. Metzler, Mental Rotation of Three-Dimensional Objects. I. Biederman, Recognition-by-Components: A Theory of Human Image Understanding. Part V: Visual Attention and Awareness. A. Treisman and G. Gelade, A Feature-Integration Theory of Attention. K. O'Craven, B. Rosen, K. Kwong, A. Treisman, and R. Savoy, Voluntary Attention Modulates fMRI Activity in Human MT-MST. L. Weiskrantz, E. Warrington, M. Sanders, and J. Marshall, Visual Capacity in the Hemianopic Field Following a Restricted Occipital Ablation. D. Scheinberg and N. Logothetis, The Role of Temporal Cortical Areas in Perceptual Organization. Appendix: Reading Journal Articles in Cognition Psychology. Author Index. Subject Index. 6 Color Plates.
Insulin as Initial Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes

Background To achieve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), multiple oral agents are used in a stepwise approach, but long-term maintenance of normoglycemia is difficult to achieve, and, eventually, most patients require insulin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of insulin with metformin for newly diagnosed, treatment-naive patients with T2DM. Methods Eligible patients were started on insulin NovoLog 70/30 and metformin 1,000 mg twice daily. Biochemical evaluation was performed at baseline and at the end of the 3-month study. Patients were seen monthly to assess side effects and compliance and make insulin dose adjustments. Patient treatment satisfaction was evaluated at the end of the study. Results Of 63 patients, 92% completed the study. The hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) decreased from 10.8 to 5.9% (p < .0001), and 100% of subjects achieved an HbA1c < 7%. Weight increased from 100.0 to 101.6 kg (p = .004) but was less than expected given that patients lost an average of 7.2 kg prior to diagnosis and achieved a reduction in HbA1c of 5%. The rate of hypoglycemia was low (1.5 episodes/patient-month). Ninety-seven percent of the patients were satisfied with their insulin treatment, and 88% were willing to continue insulin. Compliance was 96.5% with insulin and 95.1% with metformin. Conclusion Outpatient initiation of insulin therapy at the time of diagnosis of T2DM is an effective, safe, and feasible strategy for rapidly lowering HbA1c levels to targets. Insulin was very well accepted by the patients, refuting the misconception of low satisfaction and acceptance of such treatment.
A Survey of Self Organisation in Future Cellular Networks

This article surveys the literature over the period of the last decade on the emerging field of self organisation as applied to wireless cellular communication networks. Self organisation has been extensively studied and applied in adhoc networks, wireless sensor networks and autonomic computer networks; however in the context of wireless cellular networks, this is the first attempt to put in perspective the various efforts in form of a tutorial/survey. We provide a comprehensive survey of the existing literature, projects and standards in self organising cellular networks. Additionally, we also aim to present a clear understanding of this active research area, identifying a clear taxonomy and guidelines for design of self organising mechanisms. We compare strength and weakness of existing solutions and highlight the key research areas for further development. This paper serves as a guide and a starting point for anyone willing to delve into research on self organisation in wireless cellular communication networks.
Interventions Aimed at Reducing Use of Low-Value Health Services: A Systematic Review

The effectiveness of different types of interventions to reduce low-value care has been insufficiently summarized to allow for translation to practice. This article systematically reviews the literature on the effectiveness of interventions to reduce low-value care and the quality of those studies. We found that multicomponent interventions addressing both patient and clinician roles in overuse have the greatest potential to reduce low-value care. Clinical decision support and performance feedback are promising strategies with a solid evidence base, and provider education yields changes by itself and when paired with other strategies. Further research is needed on the effectiveness of pay-for-performance, insurer restrictions, and risk-sharing contracts to reduce use of low-value care. While the literature reveals important evidence on strategies used to reduce low-value care, meaningful gaps persist. More experimentation, paired with rigorous evaluation and publication, is needed.
Dividends and Risk in European Banks

Ceteris paribus, a large dividend payout ratio decreases the capital ratio of a bank. Under deposit insurance regulation, banks with a low capital ratio are encouraged to take on risk. I investigate the relation between dividends and risk in banking, using a sample of 335 banks for the period 2000-2007. Contrary to the extant literature about nonfinancial firms, I find evidence that dividends are positively related to default risk, and negatively related to retained earnings. Similar to nonfinancial firms, dividends are related to insider/outsider agency issues, profitability, and size.