Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of photoluminescence characterization to the development and manufacturing of high-efficiency silicon solar cells

Characterization techniques based on quasi-steady-state photoluminescence have recently emerged as accurate, fast, and powerful tools for developing high-efficiency silicon solar cells. These techniques are contactless and provide complementary spatial and injection level dependent information about recombination. In this paper, we demonstrate the application of different photoluminescence techniques to several important aspects of high-efficiency solar cell fabrication: wafer handling, furnace contamination, process-induced defects, cell design, and cell process monitoring. The experimental results demonstrate that photoluminescence characterization techniques are excellent tools for laboratory experiments and also potentially for industrial process monitoring.
Evolution, Structure, Cloud Microphysical, and Surface Rainfall Processes of Monsoon Convection during the South China Sea Monsoon Experiment

Abstract A two-dimensional cloud-resolving simulation is combined with dual-Doppler and polarimetric radar analysis to study the evolution, dynamic structure, cloud microphysics, and rainfall processes of monsoon convection observed during the South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon onset. Overall, the model simulations show many similarities to the radar observations. The rainband associated with the convection remains at a very stable position throughout its life cycle in the northern SCS. The reflectivity pattern exhibits a straight upward structure with little tilt. The positions of the convective, transition, and stratiform regions produced by the model are consistent with the observations. The major difference from the observations is that the model tends to overestimate the magnitude of updraft. As a result, the maximum reflectivity generated by the model appears at an elevated altitude. The surface rainfall processes and associated thermodynamic, dynamic, and cloud microphysical processes are examine.
An approximate method for solving inverse scattering problem with fixed-energy phase shifts

An approximate method is proposed for the recovery of a compactly supported spherically-symmetric potential from the set of fixed-energy phase-shifts known for all angular momenta. The method reduces the inverse scattering problem to a moment problem which is solved numerically. The above reduction is done approximately and it is more accurate for larger angular momenta or for smaller potentials.
Sleep and Exercise among Young Doctors in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study

Background Limited information is available on the sleep and propensity for daytime sleepiness in young medical doctors of India. Methods The 2-week self-reported data surrounding sleep and exercise habits, and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) score obtained from volunteering doctors of a tertiary care hospital in India, were summarized as median (Q1-Q3). Comparisons with Mann-Whitney U test and correlations with Spearman’s rank correlation were done. Results Forty-seven doctors (28 [26-33] years, 16 males) reported a total sleep duration (TSD) of 6.3 (6-6.7) hours, sleep latency of 9 (5.1-15.8) minutes, and ESS score of 8 (5-10). The number of days (out of 14) when the subjective feeling of ‘refreshed’, ‘somewhat refreshed’, and ‘fatigued’ was experienced was respectively 6 (2-9), 5 (3-8), and 1 (0-4). Junior-level doctors experienced more days of ‘fatigue’ than senior-level doctors (3 [0-4.3], 0 [0-0]; p = 0.002). Doctors who did not exercise reported greater days of fatigue than those who exercised (2 [0-4.8], 0 [0-2]; p = 0.047). Conclusions The young doctors of our study slept less than the recommended amount of 7 hours by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Their short sleep latency and normal propensity for daytime sleepiness, though encouraging, may be an effect of insufficient sleep and mentally alerting daytime schedule respectively. Notably, we found a positive association between exercise habits and subjective restoration following sleep in our study population. The sleep requirements and sleep structure among Indians are yet to be established. Our findings add to the data on sleep in the Indian context.
Optimization of Intelligent Irrigation Systems for Smart Farming Using Multi-Spectral Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Digital Twins Modeling

: This research presents the new techniques and practical experiences of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) precision agriculture mapping. UAV-based remote sensing systems should be cost-effective, fast-producing, have high geometric accuracy, and be simple to operate by local staff. This work aims to: (1) precisely use high-resolution UAV thermal multi-spectral sensors and machine learning approaches to reliably assess crop water status on a ﬁeld scale; (2) capture on-ﬁeld images for quantitative study from the multi-spectral sensors; (3) establish workﬂows for digital agriculture applications; (4) interpret the intelligent irrigation decision model using UAV indices, maps, and multi-source heterogeneous data integration. This research gives us new methods to set an intelligent method for precision agriculture, which greatly improves the level of agricultural intelligence.
Wavelet Neural Network Based on Chaos Genetic Algorithm

To improve the performance of Wavelet Neural Network (WNN), a hybrid WNN learning algorithm, which is combination of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Chaos Optimization Algorithm (COA) in a mutual complementarity manner, is proposed. In the algorithm, GA is first used to roughly search the optimal parameters of WNN as a whole, and then COA is adopted to perform the refined search on the basis of the result obtained by GA, which can make remarkable progress in modeling accuracy, learning speed, and overcoming local convergence or precocity. Simulation show its effectiveness.
A nuclear pore complex‐associated regulation of SUMOylation in meiosis

The nuclear pore complex (NPC) provides a permeable barrier between the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. In a subset of NPC constituents that regulate meiosis in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we found that nucleoporin Nup132 (homolog of human Nup133) deficiency resulted in transient leakage of nuclear proteins during meiosis I, as observed in the nup132 gene‐deleted mutant. The nuclear protein leakage accompanied the liberation of the small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO)‐specific ubiquitin‐like protease 1 (Ulp1) from the NPC. Ulp1 retention at the nuclear pore prevented nuclear protein leakage and restored normal meiosis in a mutant lacking Nup132. Furthermore, using mass spectrometry analysis, we identified DNA topoisomerase 2 (Top2) and RCC1‐related protein (Pim1) as the target proteins for SUMOylation. SUMOylation levels of Top2 and Pim1 were altered in meiotic cells lacking Nup132. HyperSUMOylated Top2 increased the binding affinity at the centromeres of nup132 gene‐deleted meiotic cells. The Top2‐12KR sumoylation mutant was less localized to the centromeric regions. Our results suggest that SUMOylation of chromatin‐binding proteins is regulated by the NPC‐bound SUMO‐specific protease and is important for the progression of meiosis.
Black Women’s Sexual Assertiveness and Satisfaction: The Role of the Superwoman Schema

Although extant research highlights the detrimental effects of the Superwoman Schema (SWS) on Black women’s physical and psychological well-being, researchers have yet to examine the implications of SWS endorsement on Black women’s sexual attitudes and behaviors. As a culturally salient racialized gender schema that reifies Black women’s supposed superhuman emotional and physical strength, to what extent does endorsement of the SWS contribute to Black women’s reported sexual assertiveness and satisfaction? In the present work, 406 Black women completed an online survey measuring their endorsement of the SWS, as well as their sexual assertiveness and sexual satisfaction. SWS dimensions moderated the association between sexual assertiveness and sexual satisfaction. Findings from the present study highlight the importance of considering culturally salient racialized gender schemas when examining Black women’s sexual attitudes and behaviors.
A Resonant Gas Sensor With Functional Composite Stress Generator

A bridge resonator consisting of a microbeam and a functional composite membrane is proposed in this work for gas detection. The gas molecules adsorbed onto the membrane will generate an axis compressive stress on the micro clamped–clamped beam to decrease the bending stiffness by expanding the designed silicon slits structure, as well as increase the effective mass of the resonator. The resonant frequency shift of the proposed sensor is thus greater than those based only on mass change or stiffness change, showing higher gas sensitivity. The bridge structure of the sensor was successfully fabricated for experimental study. To explore the response of the proposed sensor to humidity, various relative humidities (RHs) produced in a designed measuring system are applied to a test chamber. The evaluation results showed that the resonant frequency of the sensor decreases with the increase of humidity. Significantly, there is an apparent linear relationship between resonant frequency and RH of 28 Hz per 1% RH with negligible deviations and the linear goodness of fit can reach 99.65% when the RH is lower than 12%. The results indicate a high sensing resolution of 0.5% and high repeatability. Besides, the detection of $\text{H}_{{2}}\text{S}$ gas with a low concentration of 5 ppm is demonstrated by this proposed resonant gas sensor. With the proper selection of the functional membrane, an array of sensors is potential to be applied in detecting various volatile gas components in human breath and in atmosphere.
Numerical solution of the advection-diffusion equation using Laplace transform finite analytical method

In this study, a numerical method has been investigated and developed to solve the one-dimensional advection-diffusion equation to predict the quality of water in rivers. In this method, time variable is eliminated first by the Laplace transformation, and then a finite analytical method is applied in space. Both are based on a local element of the discretized domain in a finite-volume method. Since the Laplace transformation has been used for temporal approximation, an efficient and accurate inverse Laplace transform method of De Hoog 1982 [An improved method for numerical inversion of Laplace transform. SIAM, Journal of Scientific and Statistical Computing, 3 (3), 357–366] is employed to obtain the solution in real time. The proposed method is compared against analytical solutions and two finite-difference methods. The present computations and comparisons show that the proposed method is superior to the finite-difference methods. The results of the proposed method also agree with analytical solutions without numerical oscillation or diffusion. The present method is applied to steady and unsteady flows and it also provides flexibility for uniform and non-uniform grid spacing and for a wide range of Péclet numbers. It takes less computational effort than finite-difference methods.
A Numerical Verification Method for Solutions of Boundary Value Problems with Local Uniqueness by Banach's Fixed-Point Theorem

In this paper, we propose a method to prove the existence and the local uniqueness of solutions to infinite-dimensional fixed-point equations using computers. Choosing a set which possibly includes a solution, we transform it by an approximate linearization of the operator appearing in the equation. Then we calculate the radii of the transformed set in order to check sufficient conditions for Banach's fixed-point theorem. This method is applied to elliptic problems and numerical examples are given.
A new uniform chromaticity diagram based on CIE1931 (x, y)

According to the properties and distribution of Macadam ellipses on the CIE1931 (x, y), a new uniform chromaticity diagram named (U, C) obtained by using the coordinate translation and non-linear compression along radius direction with the aid of the iterative algorithm. Compared with CIE 1931 (x, y), the uniformity of (U, C) is obviously improved. Moreover, it appears to perform as well as or better than these chromaticity diagrams in the IPT and CIECAM02-UCS color spaces.
VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION OF CFD SIMULATIONS WITH FULL-SCALE SHIP SPEED/POWER TRIAL DATA

Verification and validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of a full-scale ship trial are presented in this study. Speed/power trials were carried out according to industry standards for three different power settings. Measured data was corrected for environmental effects to obtain ideal trial runs. Ship-scale unsteady RANS CFD simulations were conducted. Grid refinement sensitivity was evaluated for each power setting. Furthermore, time-step sensitivity was assessed for the selected grids. Finally, assumptions regarding symmetry condition and turbulence model were verified. Simulated results were in good agreement with the test data, thus illustrating the capabilities of numerical methods to determine ship performance at full scale.
Antiplamodial effect of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine/clindamycin: A study in parasitized mice

Triple antimalarial combination therapies may overcome the emergence of antimalarial drug resistance. Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (S/P) is an antimalarial drug. Clindamycin (C) has potential antiplasmodial effect. This study examine whether the antiplasmodial activity of S/P can be augmented by C on Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Adult Swiss albino mice (25-30g) were grouped and infected with Plasmodium berghei. The mice were orally treated daily with S/P (21.4/10.7 mg/kg), C (10mg/kg) and S/P/C, respectively using curative, prophylactic and suppressive tests. The normal and negative controls were treated daily with normal saline (0.2ml) while the positive control was orally treated with chloroquine (CQ) (10mg/kg). Mice were assessed for mean survival time. After treatment, blood samples were collected and evaluated for percentage parasitamia and hematological parameters. In the curative, suppressive and prophylactic tests, S/P/C significantly decreased parasitamia levels when compared to SP or C at p< 0.05. S/P/C significantly prolonged mean survival time when compared to S/P or C with difference at p< 0.05. S/P, C, and S/P/C produced 65.62 %, 62. 03 % and 85.31 % parasitamia inhibitions, respectively while CQ produced 83.72 % parasitamia inhibition. S/P/C caused significant reduction in anemia marked by increased packed cell volume, hemoglobin, red blood cells and decreased white blood cells at p< 0.05 when compared to SP or C. S/P/C eradicates liver merozoites and central vein congestion. C increased the antiplasmodial activity of S/P, therefore S/PC may be used for malaria treatment.
Single crystal silver nanowires prepared by the metal amplification method

We present a method of fabricating single crystal silver nanowires based on the electroless deposition of silver into the pores of the polycarbonate membranes by the metal amplification process. A gold film on one side of the nanoporous membrane is used as the initiation layer for the silver crystal growth, while the pores of the membrane are used for guiding the growth of the silver crystal into a cylindrical nanostructure. Optical microscopy and spectroscopy of individual nanowires, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and TEM diffraction crystallography were used to characterize the silver nanostructures. The metal amplification technique presents an electroless, simple, and inexpensive solution to the challenge of fabricating silver nanowires for electronic, optical, and biological applications.
The lexical accent effects on the perception of fundamental frequency peaks in Japanese

A perceptual experiment was conducted to examine the effects of lexical accent on the perceptual prominence of fundamental frequency peaks (F0) in Japanese. Listeners judged the relative prominence of two peaks (P1 and P2) in sentences in which the peak values and accentedness were varied. When the accentedness of the two peaks did not differ [accented–accented (aa) and unaccented–unaccented (uu)], the results confirmed earlier observations that P2 needs to be lower than P1 to be perceived to be as equally prominent. Moreover, P2 in aa needs to be even lower than P2 in uu to sound equal to P1, due to the perceptual compensation for downstep. However, when accentedness of P1 and P2 differed, to sound equally prominent P2 had to be lower in au than in aa, and P2 had to be higher in ua than in uu. These patterns can be accounted for if the perceived height of an accented word is discounted. The experimental results revealed that lexical accent plays an important role in the perception of intonational promine.
Endotoxins Affecting Human Health during Agricultural Practices: An Overview

Agricultural operations and the processing sector generate dust laden with endotoxin in the workplace. Endotoxin, a pro-inflammatory agent, has adverse effects on health, especially in the lungs, as exposure to endotoxin reduces lung function capacity. Endotoxin exposure to workers and its harmful impact on the health of agricultural workers needs to be studied in detail for future interventions to reduce exposure to endotoxin. The review can help to identify the analytical methods used to determine endotoxin exposure in agriculture. A detailed study of the research articles published in the last two decades related to agriculture and allied fields was carried out. In the agricultural sector, Pantoea agglomerans, a Gram-negative bacterium, was predominantly present. The filters were stored at a temperature of −20 °C, and E. coli 055: B5 was the predominately used standard to analyze the endotoxin. The quantitative kinetic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate test was the most common detection method for quantifying endotoxin. Control strategies to reduce endotoxin exposure are also emphasized in this review.
Quality improvement path and countermeasures of visual arts for future metaverse: Based on G1-entropy value method

As the most popular art category in the contemporary art field, visual art is no longer limited to traditional art categories such as painting, sculpture and photography, but develops into more diverse forms of expression with the continuous iteration of science and technology. As the most cutting-edge and popular concept in the world today, the research, development and application of science and technology have attracted close attention from all walks of life, including management, economy, transportation, education and teaching. However, there is no in-depth and clear research between the concept of metaverse and the concept of metaverse in the art field, especially in the visual art field. We believe that visual art creation under the background of the metaverse will be an important direction of art development in the future, and will also greatly promote the improvement of the visual presentation quality of the metaverse. Therefore, we focus our research in this study on the issue of visual art quality assessment and propose a theory and method for assessing the quality of visual art in a future-oriented metaverse. This method is based on the G1 entropy method in fuzzy mathematics. In our research, we have built a visual art field architecture based on the metaverse. Considering the difference between the traditional visual art evaluation index system and the index system after the introduction of the concept of the future metaverse, we have built a brand-new visual art quality evaluation index system facing the future metaverse. This indicator is composed of four first-class indicators and twelve second-class indicators. We combine the subjective and objective weighting G1 entropy method as the method basis for the quantitative calculation results of the indicator weight. On the basis of quantitative analysis, we propose three-point countermeasures for improving the visual art quality of the future metaverse. Our research makes up for the gap in the theory of visual art quality evaluation after the introduction of the concept of the future metaverse, innovates the analysis of new concepts and the improvement of old methods, builds a new scene of organic combination of new technology and traditional visual art, and provides a new idea for the improvement of visual art quality in the future at home and abroad, It can also provide experience and theoretical support for the academic topic of similar art quality evaluation research at home and abroad.
Density estimation in aerial images of large crowds for automatic people counting

Counting people is a common topic in the area of visual surveillance and crowd analysis. While many image-based solutions are designed to count only a few persons at the same time, like pedestrians entering a shop or watching an advertisement, there is hardly any solution for counting large crowds of several hundred persons or more. We addressed this problem previously by designing a semi-automatic system being able to count crowds consisting of hundreds or thousands of people based on aerial images of demonstrations or similar events. This system requires major user interaction to segment the image. Our principle aim is to reduce this manual interaction. To achieve this, we propose a new and automatic system. Besides counting the people in large crowds, the system yields the positions of people allowing a plausibility check by a human operator. In order to automatize the people counting system, we use crowd density estimation. The determination of crowd density is based on several features like edge intensity or spatial frequency. They indicate the density and discriminate between a crowd and other image regions like buildings, bushes or trees. We compare the performance of our automatic system to the previous semi-automatic system and to manual counting in images. By counting a test set of aerial images showing large crowds containing up to 12,000 people, the performance gain of our new system will be measured. By improving our previous system, we will increase the benefit of an image-based solution for counting people in large crowds.
Size dependent ferromagnetism in cerium oxide (CeO2) nanostructures independent of oxygen vacancies

Nanosized cerium oxide (CeO2) powders of different sizes were synthesized through homogeneous precipitation. Ferromagnetism was observed only in sub-20 nm powders. Ferromagnetic transition temperatures above room temperature and saturation magnetization values of 0.023 μB per CeO2 formula unit were measured. Chemical analysis of the powders showed that trace ferromagnetic impurities could not be responsible for the magnetic signals. Carefully controlled coulometric cyclic annealing studies combined with photoluminescence measurements showed that oxygen vacancies do not mediate the ferromagnetism in the samples.