Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NGS-dened measurable residual disease (MRD) after initial chemotherapy as a prognostic biomarker for acute myeloid leukemia

Treated AML patients often have measurable residual disease (MRD) due to persisting low-level clones. This study assessed whether residual post-treatment somatic mutations, detected by NGS, were signi�cantly prognostic for subsequent clinical outcomes. AML patients (n = 128) underwent both pre-and post-treatment testing with the same 42-gene MRD-validated NGS assay. After induction, 59 (46%) patients were mutation-negative (0.0024 VAF detection limit) and 69 (54%) had ≥ 1 persisting NGS-detectable mutation. Compared with NGS-negative patients, NGS-positive patients had shorter overall survival (17 months versus median not reached; P = 0.004; hazard ratio = 2.2 [95% CI: 1.3–3.7]) and a shorter time to relapse (14 months versus median not reached; P = 0.014; HR = 1.9 [95% CI: 1.1–3.1]). Among 95 patients with a complete morphologic remission (CR), 43 (45%) were MRD-positive by NGS and 52 (55%) were MRD-negative. These MRD-positive CR patients had a shorter overall survival (16.8 months versus median not reached; P = 0.013; HR = 2.1 [95% CI: 1.2–3.9]) than did the MRD-negative CR patients. Post-treatment persisting MRD positivity, de�ned by the same NGS-based test used at diagnosis, is thus a more sensitive biomarker for low-level leukemic clones compared to traditional non-molecular methods and is prognostic of subsequent relapse and death.
Associations between Highly Visual Social Media Use and Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating– A Changing Landscape

Background: Although the etiology of eating disorders (ED) and disorder eating (DE) is multifactorial, exposure to highly visual social media (HVSM) may be an important contributor to the onset or worsening of DE and ED symptoms. We aim to understand HVSM use, ED, and DE with a particular focus on gender differences, as well as details of engagement on “sel�es” in adolescents and young adults (AYA). Methods: We conducted a literature search in Psycho ED, PubMed, MEDLINE of articles, including participants with DE/ED and users of HVSM, focused on AYA. Studies in which the study population was not well-dened and the methodology to assess ED/HVSM use was not robust were excluded. Results: We found a strong association between HVSM and ED and DE with existing gender differences. The literature also shows speci�c mechanisms of use of these platforms involving “sel�e” preparation and posting. The literature is limited in that the research is mostly cross-sectional with no uniform methodology and not well-dened participant populations. Conclusions: The use of unregulated and prot-driven SM platforms can increase risk for ED. To use these HVSM platforms for positive in�uence, there is a need to have more transparency, and involvement of clinicians, researchers, and educators.
Sum Signed Graphs, Parity Signed Graphs and Cordial Graphs

—Signed graphs are graphs with every edge is signed either positive or negative. Given an n vertex graph, the vertices are bijectively labelled from 1 to n . A signed graph is a sum signed graph if and only if every edge is signed negative whenever the sum of the vertex labels exceeds n and every edge is signed positive whenever the sum of the vertex labels does not exceed n . For a parity signed graph, an edge receives a negative sign, if the end vertices are of opposite parity and a positive sign otherwise. Cordial signed graphs are the ones with the difference between the total number of negative edges and the positive ones is at most 1. We discuss the connection between sum signed labeling with parity signed labeling and cordial labeling. The absolute cordial condition for graphs satisfying sum signed labeling will be analyzed.
Examining Learning Enjoyment, Presence, and Achievement Using a Virtual Reality Pathology Laboratory by Applying the CAMIL Model in Health Education

It should come as no surprise that in the current digital world, schools are beginning to offer lessons that include technology in teaching and learning. Immersive technology is now being created and applied in several industries, most notably education. The majority of such tools are used in scienti�c and health education. This technology feels even more distinctive because of the beauty of the virtual environment that can interact with people in real time. However, there is still minimal research on the effectiveness of technology in teaching and learning the subject of pathology. Thus, this study investigated how well students learned, were present, and performed while utilizing virtual reality (VR) technology in learning about cells. This study employed a mixed-method sequential explanatory approach. The research tools included an open-ended inquiry and a questionnaire with a demographic form, as well as pre-and post-tests. The results showed that most students enjoyed learning biology using the VR laboratory, and their experience of enjoyment was at levels 1 (activity-specic) and 2 (situation-specic). Additionally, it was discovered that when students learn using VR technology, there is a high association between presence and satisfaction. Learning attainment outcomes are also improved. This indicates that there is an interaction between learning fun and success.
Can machine learning algorithms improve upon classical palaeoenvironmental reconstruction models?

Classical palaeoenvironmental reconstruction models often incorporate biological ideas and commonly assume that 10 the taxa comprising a fossil assemblage exhibit unimodal response functions of the environmental variable of interest. In contrast, machine learning approaches do not rely upon any biological assumptions, but instead need training with large data-sets to extract some understanding of the relationships between biological assemblages and their environment. We have developed a two-layered machine learning reconstruction model MEMLM (Multi Ensemble Machine Learning Model). The first layer applies three different ensemble machine learning models of random forests, extra random trees and lightGBM, 15 trained on the modern taxon assemblage and associated environmental data to make reconstructions based on the three different models, while the second layer uses multiple linear regression to integrate these three reconstructions into a consensus reconstruction. We consider three versions of the model: 1) A standard version of MEMLM, which uses only taxon abundance data, 2) MEMLMe, which uses embedded assemblage information, using a natural language processing model (GLOVE) to detect associations between taxa across the training data-set and 3) MEMLMc which incorporates both taxon abundance and 20 assemblage data. We train these MEMLM model variants with three high quality diatom and pollen training sets and compare their reconstruction performance with three weighted averaging (WA) approaches of WA-Cla (classical deshrinking), WA-Inv (inverse deshrinking) and WA-PLS (partial least squares). In general, the MEMLM approaches, even when trained on only
An emerging

Objectives: There are individual variations in neo-adjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). No reliable modality currently exist that can predict the efficacy of nCRT. The purpose of this study is to assess if CT based fractal dimension and filtration-histogram texture analysis can predict therapeutic response to nCRT in patients with LARC. Methods: In this retrospective study, 215 patients [average age: 57 years (18-87 years)] who received nCRT for LARC between June 2005 to December 2016 and underwent a staging diagnostic portal venous phase CT were identified. The patients were randomly divided into two datasets: a training set ( n = 170), and a validation set ( n = 45). Tumor heterogeneity was assessed on the CT images using fractal dimension (FD) and filtration-histogram texture analysis. In the training set, the patients with pCR and non-pCR were compared in univariate analysis. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the predictive value of efficacy of nCRT and receiver operating characteristic analysis determined optimal cut-off value. Subsequently, the most significant parameter was assessed in the validation set. Results: Out of the 215 patients evaluated. pCR was reached in 20.9% ( n = 45/215) patients. In the training set, 7 out of 37 texture parameters showed significant difference comparing between the pCR and non-pCR groups and logistic multivariable regression analysis incorporating clinical and 7 texture parameters showed that only FD was associated with pCR ( P = 0.001). The area under the curve of FD was 0.76. In the validation set, we applied FD for
Long-term efficacy of intensive cycle ergometer exercise training program for advanced COPD patients

Background: Exercise training has been incorporated into the international guidelines for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the long-term efficacy of the training program for patients with advanced COPD has never been evaluated in Thailand. Purpose: To determine the long-term efficacy of intensive cycle ergometer exercise program on various clinical parameters of patients with advanced COPD. Materials and methods: The patients with advanced COPD were separated into two groups: the intensive ergometer exercise program group and the control group. The clinical parameters of all the patients were assessed at baseline, every month for the first 3 months, and then every 3 months until they had completed the 24-month follow-up. Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare baseline mean differences between the groups. Repeated measure analysis was applied to determine the progress in all parameters during the entire follow-up period. Mean incase imputation method was applied to estimate the parameters of dropout cases. Results: A total of 41 patients were enrolled: 27 in the intensive ergometer exercise program group and 14 in the control group. The intensive cycle ergometer exercise program group showed statistically significant improvements in muscle strength (from month 1 till the end of the study, month 24), endurance time (from month 1 till the end of measurement, month 12) and clinically significant improvements in 6-minute walk distance (from month 2 until month 9), dyspnea severity by transitional dyspnea index (from month 1 till the end of the study, month 24), and quality of life (from month 1 till the end of the study, month 24). There was no significant difference in survival rates between the groups. Conclusion: The intensive ergometer exercise training program revealed meaningful long-term improvements in various clinical parameters for up to 2 years. These promising results should encourage health care professionals to promote exercise training for patients with advanced COPD who have limited daily activities despite optimal medication control.
ARASID: Artiﬁcial Reverberation-Adjusted Indoor Speaker Identiﬁcation Dealing with Variable Distances

Indoor speaker identiﬁcation systems have been re-searched for a long time and are widely used in many human interaction acoustic monitoring systems. Many works have focused on improving accuracy in dealing with different realisms, including noise and varying distances from the microphone. However, these works either require signiﬁ-cant extra effort such as measuring room types and dimensions, obtaining many speakers’ samples, or requiring expensive hardware such as microphone arrays and complex deployment settings. In this paper, we introduce a complete speaker identiﬁcation solution using an artiﬁcial reverberation generator with different parameters to adjust the original close-distance speech samples so that each speaker has different artiﬁcial voice samples. Samples in different environments are not required because these artiﬁcial samples are close approximations to different environments. Two kinds of models, GMM-UBM and the i-vector, are evaluated. The models are trained on all samples separately, and testing is done against all in parallel. A score fusing approach with two thresholds, a minimum value and a minimum difference, is applied to the scores in producing the ﬁnal result. Also, several standard acoustic pre-processing routines, including a voice activity detection algorithm and an overlapped speech remover, are included to make the system fully deployable. Finally, to assess the improvements when applying a rever-beration adjustment, we evaluate our system with two literature speech databases, one has 251 people and the other one has four kinds of emotions. Further, we perform an in-lab speaking experiment. The evaluation results show our system has more than 90% accuracy in identifying speakers within 6 meters if the emotion is neutral, and a 10% improvement over no reverberation adjustments when speakers have non-neutral emotions.
Self-Efficacy and Emotional Regulation as Predictors of Teacher Burnout among EFL Teachers: A Structural Modeling Approach

Since the teachers and their individual variables have a significant share of variance in accounting for success in educational contexts, significant number of empirical studies have investigated the associations among teacher-related variables. To further examine the relationships between individual teacher constructs in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts, this study explored the role of emotional regulation and teacher self-efficacy in predicting teacher burnout in Iranian EFL context. In so doing, a sample of 174 EFL teachers completed a survey containing the three valid scales measuring these constructs. Structural Equation Modeling was employed to examine the structural model of the variables under investigation. The findings revealed that teacher self-efficacy accounted for 20 % of the variance in burnout whereas emotional regulation represented 11.2% of the teacher burnout variance. Overall, it was revealed that although both variables exerted a unique contribution to teacher burnout, teacher self-efficacy seemed to be a stronger predictor of burnout than emotional regulation of teachers. The results might have remarkable implications for EFL teacher development programs.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor without Pemetrexed for First-line Maintenance Therapy in Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma: A real-world retrospective study

Objective To explore the e�cacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) without pemetrexed as rst-line maintenance therapy in driver-gene negative advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma treated with chemotherapy combined with ICI at the PLA General Hospital from January 2019 to June 2022. Clinical data of the patients were collected and followed up. SPSS (version 26.0) was used to analyze the clinical characteristics and survival of the patients. Results A total of 30 patients with ICI maintenance therapy and 39 patients of pemetrexed combined with ICI maintenance were included in this study. The median follow-up time was 23.2 months. PFS of ICI monotherapy maintenance group and pemetrexed combined ICI (P + ICI) maintenance group were 15.8 months (95%CI 7.6–23.9) and 22.6 months (95%CI 8.9–36.3). There was no statistical difference between the two groups (P = 0.42), and the median OS of both groups was not reached. ORR of ICI group was 60.0% (95%CI 42.5–77.5) and that of P + ICI group was 69.2% (95%CI 54.7 ~ 83.7). The incidence of treatment-related adverse reactions (TRAEs) was 90.0% and 92.3%, and the incidence of ≥ 3 grade events was 23.3% and 23.1%. No grade 5 adverse reactions occurred.
and the efficacy

Background: Isolation and long duration spaceflight are associated with musculoskeletal deconditioning. Mars500 was a unique, high-fidelity analogue of the psychological challenges of a 520-day manned mission to Mars. We aimed to explore the effect of musculoskeletal deconditioning on three outcome measures: (1) if lower limb muscle strength was reduced during the 520-day isolation; (2) if type I or II muscle fibres were differentially affected; and (3) whether any 70-day exercise interventions prevented any isolation-induced loss of strength. Methods: Six healthy male subjects (mean ± SEM) (34 ± 3 years; 1.76 ± 0.02 metres; 83.7 ± 4.8 kg) provided written, informed consent to participate. The subjects ’ maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was assessed isometrically in the calf (predominantly type I fibres), and maximal voluntary isokinetic force (MVIF) was assessed in the quadriceps/hamstrings (predominantly type II fibres) at 0.2 and 0.4 ms − 1 using the Multifunctional Dynamometer for Space (MDS) at 35-day intervals throughout Mars500. Exercise interventions were completed 3 – 7 days/week throughout the 520-day isolation in a counterbalanced design excluding 142 – 177 days (rest period) and 251 – 284 days (simulated Mars landing). Exercise interventions included motorized treadmill running, non-motorized treadmill running, cycle ergometry, elastomer-based resistance exercise, whole-body vibration (WBV), and resistance exercise using MDS. Results: Calf MVC did not reduce across the 520-day isolation and MDS increased strength by 18% compared to before that of 70-day exercise intervention. In contrast, there was a significant bilateral loss of MVIF across the 520 days at both 0.2 ms − 1 ( R 2 = 0.53; P = 0.001) and 0.4 ms − 1 (0.4 ms − 1 ; R 2 = 0.42; P = 0.007). WBV (+ 3.7 and 8.8%) and MDS (+ 4.9 and 5.2%) afforded the best protection against isolation-induced loss of MVIF, although MDS was the only intervention to prevent bilateral loss of calf MVC and leg MVIF at 0.2 and 0.4 ms − 1 . Conclusions: Mars500 induced significant loss of quadriceps/hamstrings MVIF but not calf MVC. Collectively, these data suggest that muscles with predominantly type I fibres were affected less by isolation compared to type II dominant muscles. MDS and WBV afforded the best protection against isolation-induced loss of strength and thus may have virtue in exploration class missions.
The E ﬀ ects of Exercise on BDNF Levels in Adolescents: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

: The aim of this study was to analyze the evidence available in the literature about the e ﬀ ects of exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in adolescents. The literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SportDiscus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and CINAHL. Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials performed with adolescents (10–19 years) who underwent di ﬀ erent exercise programs and who evaluated BDNF levels before and after the intervention were included. We included six studies, four RCTs and two non-RCTs in the systematic review with a total of 407 adolescents. In two randomized trials and one non-RCT, the intervention groups showed signiﬁcant improvements in BDNF levels compared with the control group. The results presented in the meta-analysis indicate that despite the positive e ﬀ ect in favor of the intervention, there were no signiﬁcant di ﬀ erences (standardized mean di ﬀ erence 0.28 ng / mL, 95% conﬁdence interval − 0.28 to 0.85; p = 0.32, I 2 = 0%). The results presented in our review indicate that aerobic exercise programs practiced in moderate-or high-intensity are promising strategies to increase BDNF levels in adolescents. However, further studies are required to support this ﬁnding.
Positioning of Learners in Learning Networks with Content, Metadata and Ontologies

Positioning in learning networks is a process that assists learners in finding a starting point and an efficient route through the network that will foster competence building. In the past we explored computational approaches to positioning that are based on the contents of the learning network and the behavior of those participating in it, more or less ignoring different efforts to stimulate positioning and competence development from a top-down-perspective. In this paper we introduce a research agenda for positioning in learning networks, discuss several cases and give an outlook on the development of a positioning service for learning networks.
Transcriptome analysis of Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) gills in response to ammonia stress

The Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) is an important commercial species in China. E. sinensis is typically farmed in rice-crab symbiosis, as an important ecological farming model. However, E. sinensis is often exposed to a high ammonia environment due to the application of nitrogen fertilizers essential for rice growth. We investigated the molecular mechanisms in the gills of E. sinensis exposed to high ammonia at transcriptional and histological levels. We randomly assigned E. sinensis to two groups (control group, CG; ammonia stress group, AG), and gill samples were excised from the CG and AG groups for histopathological and transcriptome analyses. The histopathological evaluation revealed that ammonia stress damaged the gills of E. sinensis. The transcriptome analysis showed that some essential genes, including Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L3 (UCHL3), O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT), Cathepsin B (CTSB), and Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 W (UBE2W) changed significantly during ammonia exposure. These genes are related to ammonia detoxification, the immune response, and apoptosis. This study demonstrated the molecular response mechanism of E. sinensis gills to ammonia stress at the transcriptional and histological levels. This study provides insight for further study on the molecular mechanism of ammonia stress in crustaceans and supplies technical support for rice crab symbiosis.
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Remote sensing techniques are of fundamental importance to investigate the changes occurred in the terrestrial mosaic over the years and contribute to the decision-making by increasing efficient environmental and water management. This article aimed to detect, demarcate and quantify the hydric area of Poço da Cruz reservoir, located in Ibimirim, Pernambuco, semiarid region of Brazil, with modeling based on Landsat 8/OLI satellite multispectral images from 2015 to 2020, and to relate it with data from the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) satellites average rainfall. For this purpose, the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) was modeled, being produced georeferenced theme maps and extracted only the pixels represented by positive spectral values, which represent water targets. The open-access software Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS, version 2.18.16) was used for all stages of digital image processing and connection with complementary databases on the theme maps elaboration. In the results, changes in the spatial distribution of Poço da Cruz were evidenced and analyzed using precipitation data from the CHIRPS product, allowing a better understanding of the rainfall behavior in the region and its influence. The MNDWI was lined with the CHIRPS product, in which the spatial correlation between the rainy event and the water area’s delimitation is documented, especially in October 2017 (minimum values) and October 2020 (maximum values).