Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSCULOSKELETAL STRENGTH, PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, AND KNEE KINESTHESIA FOLLOWING FATIGUING EXERCISE

Fatiguing exercise may result in impaired functional joint stability and increased risk of unintentional injury. While there are several musculoskeletal and physiological characteristics related to fatigue onset, their relationship with proprioceptive changes following fatigue has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between musculoskeletal and physiological characteristics and changes in proprioception, measured by threshold to detect passive motion (TTDPM), following fatiguing exercise. Twenty, physically active females participated (age: 28.65 ± 5.6 years, height: 165.6 ± 4.3 cm, weight: 61.8 ± 8.0 kg, BMI: 22.5± 2.3 kg/m2, BF: 23.3 ± 5.4%). During Visit 1, subjects completed an exercise history and 24-hour dietary questionnaire, and body composition, TTDPM familiarization, isokinetic knee strength, and maximal oxygen uptake/lactate threshold assessments. During Visit 2, subjects completed TTDPM and isometric knee strength testing prior to and following a fatiguing exercise protocol. Wilcoxon signed rank tests determined TTDPM and isometric knee strength changes from pre- to post- fatigue. Spearman’s rho correlation coefficients determined the relationship between strength and physiological variables with pre- to post-fatigue changes in TTDPM and with pre-fatigue and post-fatigue TTDPM in extension and flexion (α=0.05). No significant differences were demonstrated from pre-fatigue to post-fatigue TTDPM despite a significant decrease in isometric knee flexion strength (P<0.01) and flexion/extension ratio (P<0.05) following fatigue. No significant correlations were observed between strength or physiological variables and changes in TTDPM from pre- to post-fatigue in extension or flexion. Flexion/extension ratio was significantly correlated with pre-fatigue TTDPM in extension (r=-0.231, P<0.05). Peak oxygen uptake was significantly correlated with pre-fatigue (r=-0.500, P<0.01) and post-fatigue (r=-0.520, P<0.05) TTDPM in extension. No significant relationships were demonstrated between musculoskeletal and physiological characteristics and changes in TTDPM following fatigue. The results suggest that highly trained individuals may have better proprioception, and that the high fitness level of subjects in this investigation may have contributed to absence of TTDPM deficits following fatigue despite reaching a high level of perceptual and physiological fatigue. Future studies should consider various subject populations, other musculoskeletal strength characteristics, and different modalities of proprioception to determine the most important contributions to proprioceptive changes following fatigue.
Sociable Weavers Increase Cooperative Nest Construction after Suffering Aggression

The major transitions in evolution rely on the formation of stable groups that are composed of previously independent units, and the stability of these groups requires both cooperation and reduced conflict. Conflict over group resources may be common, as suggested by work in both cichlids and humans that has investigated how societies resolve conflict regarding investment in group resources, i.e. public goods. We investigated whether sociable weavers (Philetairus socius) use aggressive behaviors to modulate the cooperative behavior of group mates. We find that the individuals that build the communal thatch of the nest, i.e. the individuals most at risk of exploitation, are the most aggressive individuals. We show that individuals that invest in interior chamber maintenance, possibly a more selfish behavior, suffer relatively more aggression. After suffering aggression individuals significantly increase cooperative construction of the communal nest thatch. We show that cooperative individuals target aggression towards selfish individuals, and the individuals suffering aggression perform cooperative behaviors subsequent to suffering aggression. In addition to other evolutionary mechanisms, these results suggest that aggression, possibly via the pay-to-stay mechanism, is possibly being used to maintain a public good.
Subcutaneous formulation of belimumab in treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: a critical review with focus on safety and satisfaction

: Belimumab is a novel add-on therapy that has been approved for patients with active and antibody-mediated systemic lupus erythematosus. It is a monoclonal antibody that decreases the activation of B-cells and consequently decreases antibodies’ production. Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration approved subcutaneous belimumab for patients who have received training on using it. Subcutaneous belimumab can be administered using either a prefilled syringe or an auto-injector device. Weekly subcutaneous belimumab seems to be as effective as monthly intravenous belimumab with a similar safety margin. In this article, we reviewed the literature on subcutaneous belimumab focusing on safety and patients’ experiences and satisfaction. Overall, subcutaneous belimumab appears to be preferred over intravenous belimumab for a number of reasons. However, more studies are still required to prove these findings.
Oxidative stress–dependent phosphorylation activates ZNRF1 to induce neuronal/axonal degeneration

nico-tinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate–reduced oxidase activity is required for the EGFR-dependent phosphorylation-induced activation of ZNRF1 and resultant AKT degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome system to induce Wallerian degeneration. These results indicate the pathophysiological significance of the EGFR–ZNRF1 pathway induced by oxidative stress in the regulation of neuronal apoptosis and Wallerian degeneration. A deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanism for ZNRF1 catalytic activity via phosphorylation will provide a potential therapeutic avenue for neurodegeneration. on Wallerian degeneration in vitro to demonstrate the involvement of EGFR in the phosphorylation of ZNRF1 during Wallerian degeneration. We found that the application of C56 and downregulation of EGFR significantly inhibited ZNRF1 phosphorylation as well as Wallerian degeneration. These results suggest that ZNRF1 phosphorylation by EGFR affects subcellular signaling to promote Wallerian degeneration and apoptosis. protein-mediated results that by adding separating samples on ligase of was assessed by an immunoblot analysis using an antiubiquitin antibody.
European surveillance of emerging pathogens associated with canine 1 infectious respiratory disease . 2

This is the peer-reviewed, manuscript version of an article published in Veterinary Microbiology. The version of record is available from the journal site: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic. 2017.10. 019. © 2017. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. The full details of the published version of the article are as follows:
Simulation numérique de jets liquides cisaillés par une phase rapide : dynamique de battement à grande échelle et intéraction avec les structures tourbillonnaires

L'injection d'un melange carburant/comburant dans une chambre de combustion d'un turboreacteur ou d'un moteur-fusee fait intervenir un jet liquide, cisaille par un gaz rapide. Le jet liquide peut etre sous certaines conditions sujet a un phenomene de battement a grande echelle. Ce phenomene, dont les mecanismes de base sont aujourd'hui mal connus, peut avoir des consequences importantes sur la combustion. Nous realisons dans ce travail une etude numerique de jets liquides cisailles par une phase rapide, en portant une attention particuliere a l'etude de l'interaction entre les structures tourbillonnaires de la phase rapide et le jet liquide. Une nappe liquide plane cisaillee de part et d'autre par une phase rapide est analysee dans un premier temps . Les mecanismes de destabilisation de cette nappe liquide sont etudies, ainsi que le controle passif du phenomene de battement. Des jets liquides coaxiaux, cisailles par une couronne de phase rapide, sont ensuite analyses. Les mecanismes de destabilisation a grande echelle sont etudies, ainsi que le controle passif et actif de cette destabilisation. La simulation d'une configuration d'ecoulement realiste eau/air est enfin realisee, en interaction avec les experimentateurs du LEGI. Une attention particuliere est portee a l'ecoulement se produisant au sein de la buse d'injection.
Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio in patients with major depressive disorder undergoing no pharmacological therapy

: Studies attempting to clarify the relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD) and the immune system have been increasing in recent years. It was reported that increased production of the main proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1, interleu-kin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and that of acute phase reactants may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of depression. Stress and depression were reported to increase leukocyte and neutrophil counts and to decrease lymphocyte count. Biological determinants affecting the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of depression are quite limited. Therefore, new etiological models are needed to explain the pathophysiology of depression. In recent years, neutrophil– lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was determined to be a good indicator of inflammatory status. There is no study in the literature investigating NLR in MDD. This study aims to examine the role of inflammation in the etiology of depression based on the NLR in MDD patients who are undergoing no pharmacological therapy. A total of 41 patients diagnosed with MDD, who received no antidepressant therapy within the past 1 month, were included in the study, which took place between January and March 2015. The control group consisted of 47 healthy subjects with no psychiatric disorders. A sociodemographic information form and a Beck Depression Scale were administered, and the blood was taken for biochemical analysis. Significant differences were identified in the NLR, neutrophil count, lymphocyte percentage, and leukocyte values of the patient group when compared with the control group ( P , 0.05). Our study is the first in which NLR was investigated in MDD. The findings of the study reveal that NLR tends to be higher in patients with MDD, and a high NLR value supports the view that inflammation is a critical factor in the etiology of MDD.
study of ambulatory blood pressure in diabetic children: prediction of early renal insult

Background: Hypertension is a highly prevalent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Elevated blood pressure (BP) promotes the development and progression of microvascular complications, eg, nephropathy and retinopathy. The purpose of this study was to identify and detect early BP changes in diabetic children and adolescents, aiming for the early prediction of future renal and cardiovascular disease risk during childhood. Methods and materials: Ambulatory BP monitoring was undertaken for 40 normotensive type 1 diabetic children with mean age of 11.56 ± 2.82 years, and 24 healthy children as control group with matched age and sex. Albumin/creatinine ratio and glycated hemoglobin were tested. BP indices and standard deviation scores were calculated using reference standards. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20 using mean and standard deviations for descriptive data. Correlation and regression analysis tests were used to study relations between BP indices and diabetic parameters. Results: All parameters of BP z -scores were highly significantly increased in diabetic patients compared with controlled group ( P  0.0001). The frequency of non-dipping was greater and highly significant in microalbuminuric diabetic patients ( P  0.0001). Regression analysis revealed that BP parameters were significantly related to albumin/creatinine ratio, glycated hemoglobin, insulin dose, and body mass index. Conclusion: Our observation revealed a clear link between the nocturnal BP and microalbuminuria which mandates BP follow-up via ambulatory BP monitoring with therapeutic intervention to prevent renal and cardiovascular diabetic complications
Modes of cell death induced by tetrahydroisoquinoline-based analogs in MDa-MB-231 breast and a549 lung cancer cell lines

Background: A and B rings of the steroidal microtubule disruptor, 2-methoxyestradiol, and its analogs can be mimicked with a tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) core. THIQs are cytotoxic agents with potential anticancer activities. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the modes of cell death induced by four nonsteroidal THIQ-based analogs, such as STX 2895, STX 3329, STX 3451 and STX 3450, on MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast and A549 epithelial lung carcinoma cells. Materials and methods: Cytotoxicity studies determined the half-maximal growth inhibitory concentration of the analogs to be at nanomolar concentrations without the induction of necrosis. Light and fluorescent microscopy determined that compounds caused microtubule depolymerization and displayed morphological hallmarks of apoptosis. Results: Flow cytometric analyses confirmed apoptosis induction as well as an increased G 2 /M phase on cell cycle analysis. Furthermore, intrinsic pathway signaling was implicated due to increased cytochrome c release and a decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Potential involvement of autophagy was observed due to increased acidic vacuole formation and increased aggresome activation factor. Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that these four THIQ-based analogs exert antiproliferative and antimitotic effects, induce apoptosis and involve autophagic processes. Further investigation into the efficacy of these potential anticancer drugs will be conducted in vitro and in vivo.
Reflection of plane waves in an anisotropic magnetothermoelastic diffusive medium with temperature dependent properties

Abstract In this article, a model of two dimensional problem of generalized thermoelasticity for an anisotropic magnetothermoelastic diffusive medium under the effect of temperature dependent properties is established. The enunciation is applied to generalized thermoelasticity theory based on Green-Lindsay model. There exist four coupled waves, namely, quasi-longitudinal P-wave (qP), quasi-longitudinal thermal wave (qT), quasi-longitudinal mass diffusive wave (qMD), and quasi-transverse wave (qSV) in the medium. Amplitude and energy ratios for these reflected waves are derived and the numerical computations have been carried out with the help of MATLAB programing. Effects of temperature dependent properties, magnetic and diffusion parameters on the amplitude and energy ratios are depicted graphically. Expressions of energy ratios have also been obtained in explicit form and are shown graphically as functions of angle of incidence. It has been verified that during the reflection phenomenon, the sum of energy ratios is equal to unity at each angle of incidence. Effect of anisotropy is also depicted on velocities of various reflected waves.
Returns to education and regional earnings differentials in Egypt

This paper presents an empirical investigation of the determinants of labour market earnings in Egypt. Using Human Capital model, the determinants of regional earnings and returns to education by region are examined. The relative importance of individual and regional effects on earnings inequality is assessed. The main findings of the paper are: (i) the estimated rates of return to education increase with rising educational levels; this is different to the common pattern found in most developing countries. (ii) there are substantial variations in returns to education across regions. (iii) estimates point to the importance of credentials in the Egyptian labour market.
Banxia Xiexin tang for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

Background: Gastrooesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases encountered in clinical practice. The aim of the present study is thus to systematically review the literature, including Asian studies, to assess the efficacy and safety of Banxia Xiexin tang (BXT) for the treatment of GORD. Methods and analysis: Eleven databases will be searched for studies conducted through March 2018. We will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of BXT as a treatment for GORD. All RCTs on BXT or related formulations will be included. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, while confidence in the cumulative evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. Ethics and dissemination: This systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will also be disseminated electronically and in print. The review will be updated to inform and guide healthcare practices. Registration number: CRD42018087056
Specific fronto-striatal circuits for impaired cognitive flexibility and goal-directed planning in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder : Evidence from resting-state functional connectivityFronto-striatal connectivity and cognitive OCD profile

Cite this article as: Matilde M. Vaghi, Petra E. Vértes, Manfred G. Kitzbichler, Annemieke M. Apergis-Schoute, Febe E. van der Flier, Naomi A. Fineberg, Akeem Sule, Rashid Zaman, Valerie Voon, Prantik Kundu, Edward T. Bullmore and Trevor W. Robbins, Specific fronto-striatal circuits for impaired cognitive flexibility and goal-directed planning in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Evidence from resting-state functional connectivityFronto-striatal connectivity and cognitive OCD profile, Biological Psychiatry, http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.biopsych. 2016.08. 009
STROBE (STrengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology)

March 2001 Idea first discussed November 2001 Small exploratory meeting at University of Bristol, United Kingdom April 2003 Planning meeting at University of Bristol, United Kingdom August 2003 Need for reporting guidelines discussed at World Epidemiology Conference in Montreal, Canada September 2004 Large workshop at University of Bristol, funded by European Science Foundation May 2005 First draft checklist posted on STROBE website October 2007 Publication of checklist and Explanation and Elaboration document in several journals August 2010 Revision meeting at University of Bern, Switzerland
VU Research Portal Three-dimensional echocardiography for left ventricular quantification in heart failure

Objectives : Our aim was to validate three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) for assessment of left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume, and ejection fraction (EF) using the freehand-acquisition method. Furthermore, LV volumes by breath-hold versus free-breathing 3DE acquisition were assessed and compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods : From the apical position, a fan-like 3DE image was acquired during free breathing and another, thereafter, during breath-hold. In 27 patients, 28 breath-hold- and 24 free-breathing 3DE images were acquired. A total of 17 patients underwent both MRI and 3DE. MRI contours were traced along the outer endocardial contour, including trabeculae, and along the inner endocardial contour, excluding trabeculae, from the LV volume. Results : All 28 (100%) breath-hold- and 86% of free-breathing 3DE acquisitions could be analyzed. Intra-observer variation (percentual bias ± 2 SD) of end-diastolic volume, ESV, stroke volume, and EF for breath-hold 3DE was, respectively, 0,3 ± 10,2%, 0,3 ± 14,6%, 0,1 ± 18,4%, and –0,1 ± 5,8%. For free-breathing 3DE, findings were similar. A significantly better interobserver variability, however, was observed for breath-hold 3DE for ESV and EF. Comparison of breath-hold 3DE with MRI inner contour showed for end-diastolic volume, ESV, stroke volume, and EF, a percentual bias (± 2 SD) of, respectively, -13,5 ± 26,9%, -17,7 ± 47,8%, -10,6 ± 43,6%, and –1,8 ± 11,6%. Compared with the MRI outer contour, a significantly greater difference was observed, except for EF. Conclusions : 3DE using the freehand method is fast and highly reproducible for (serial) LV volume and EF measurement, and, hence, ideally suited for clinical decision making and trials.
Microhook ab interno trabeculotomy, a novel minimally invasive glaucoma surgery

: Trabeculotomy (LOT) is performed to reduce the intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma, both in children and adults. It relieves the resistance to aqueous flow by cleaving the trabecular meshwork and the inner walls of Schlemm’s canal. Microhook ab interno LOT ( µ LOT), a novel minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, incises trabecular meshwork using small hooks that are inserted through corneal side ports. An initial case series reported that both µ LOT alone and combination of µ LOT and cataract surgery normalize the intraocular pressure during the early postoperative period in Japanese patients with glaucoma. Microhook can incise the inner wall of Schlemm’s canal without damaging its outer wall easier than the regular straight knife that is used during goniotomy. Advantages of µ LOT include: a wider extent of LOT (two-thirds of the circumference), a simpler surgical technique, being less invasiveness to the ocular surface, a shorter surgical time than traditional ab externo LOT, and no requirement for expensive devices. In this paper, the surgical technique of µ LOT and tips of the technique are introduced. Key topics include: Optometry; Visual science; Pharmacology and drug therapy in eye diseases; Basic Sciences; Primary and Secondary eye care; Patient Safety and Quality of Care Improvements.
Cryo-EM structure of the bifunctional secretin complex of Thermus thermophilus

Secretins form multimeric channels across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria that mediate the import or export of substrates and/or extrusion of type IV pili. The secretin complex of Thermus thermophilus is an oligomer of the 757-residue PilQ protein, essential for DNA uptake and pilus extrusion. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of this bifunctional complex at a resolution of ~7 Å using a new reconstruction protocol. Thirteen protomers form a large periplasmic domain of six stacked rings and a secretin domain in the outer membrane. A homology model of the PilQ protein was fitted into the cryo-EM map. A crown-like structure outside the outer membrane capping the secretin was found not to be part of PilQ. Mutations in the secretin domain disrupted the crown and abolished DNA uptake, suggesting a central role of the crown in natural transformation.
Cost‐Effectiveness of Total Knee Replacement: A Prospective Cohort Study

Total knee replacement (TKR) rates have significantly increased in the past decade. While the procedure itself might be costly, the cost‐effectiveness and potential offset costs from patient and societal benefits have not been clearly established. The objective of this study was to perform an economic evaluation of TKR in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).