Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Six-Minute Step Test as a Predictor of Functional Capacity according to Peak VO 2 in Cardiac Patients

Background: Six-minute step test (6MST) is a simple way to evaluate functional capacity, although it has not been well studied in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or heart failure (HF). Objective: Analyze the association between the 6MST and peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ) and develop an equation for estimating VO 2peak based on the 6MST, as well as to determine a cutoff point for the 6MST that predicts a VO 2peak ≥20 mL.Kg -1 . min -1 Methods: In 171 patients who underwent the 6MST and a cardiopulmonary exercise test, correlation, regression, and ROC analysis were used and a p < 0.05 was admitted as significant. Results: mean age was 60±14 years and 74% were male. Mean left ventricle ejection fraction was 57±16%, 74% had CAD and 28% had HF. Mean VO 2peak was 19±6 mL.Kg -1 . min -1 and mean 6MST performance was 87±45 steps. Association between 6MST and VO 2peak was r 0.69 (p <0.001). The model VO 2peak =19.6 + (0.075 x 6MST) – (0.10 x age) for men and VO 2peak =19.6 + (0.075 x 6MST) – (0.10 x age) – 2 for women could predict VO 2peak based on 6MST results (adjusted R 0.72; adjusted R 2 0.53). The most accurate cutoff point for 6MST to predict a VO 2peak ≥20 mL.Kg -1 . min -1 was >105 steps (AUC 0.85; 95% CI 0.79 -0.90; p <0.001). Conclusion: An equation for predicting VO 2peak based on 6MST results was derived, and a significant association was found between 6MST and VO 2peak . The cutoff point for 6MST, which predicts a VO 2peak ≥20 mL.Kg -1 . min -1 , was >105 steps. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(5):889-895)
Priming Phosphorylation of TANK-Binding Kinase 1 by I (cid:2) B Kinase (cid:3) Is Essential in Toll-Like Receptor 3/4 Signaling

TRIF is an essential adaptor for Toll-like receptor 3/4 (TLR3/4) signaling to activate transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3). We examined the molecular mechanism of TLR3 signaling and found that TLR3 stimulation by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induces phosphorylation of TRIF at Ser210 and is required for IRF-3 recruitment. TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is known to be responsible for IRF-3 phosphorylation and activation. We found that TBK1 is also responsible for phosphorylation of Ser210 in TRIF. Unexpectedly, we discovered that I (cid:2) B kinase (cid:3) (IKK (cid:3) ) plays an essential role in TLR3/4 signaling using a pharmacological inhibitor and gene deletion. Of note, IKK (cid:3) is essential in TLR3/4 but not in retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) signaling. Mechanistically, IKK (cid:3) transiently associates with and induces the phosphorylation of TBK1 upon TLR3 stimulation. These results suggest a phosphorylation cascade of IKK (cid:3) and TBK1, where priming phosphorylation of TBK1 by IKK (cid:3) is required to surpass the threshold to induce signaling, thereby activating IRF-3. by by that upon TLR3 TBK1 instructions. The protein digests were resuspended in 0.1% formic acid and separated using a Nano-LC- Ultra 2D-plus instrument equipped with cHiPLC Nanoﬂex (Eksigent) in trap-and-elute mode, with a trap column (200 (cid:6) m by 0.5 mm [ChromXP C 18 -CL]; 3 (cid:6) m by 120 Å [Eksigent]) and analytical column (75 (cid:6) m by 15 cm [ChromXP C 18 -CL]; 3 (cid:6) m by 120 Å [Eksigent]). The separation was carried out with a binary gradient as follows, where solvent A and B correspond to 0.1% formic acid–water and 0.1% formic acid–acetonitrile, respectively: 2 to 33.2% B in 125 min, 33.2% to 98% B in 2 min, 98% B for 5 min, 98% to 2% B in 0.1 min, and 2% B for 17.9 min. The eluates were infused on-line into a mass spectrometer (TripleTOF 5600 (cid:3) system with a NanoSpray III source and heated interface [Sciex]) and ionized in electrospray ionization-positive mode. Data acquisition was carried out using an information-dependent acquisition method. The acquired data sets were analyzed by ProteinPilot software version 5.0.1 (Sciex) with the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot database for humans (May 2018) appended with the amino acid sequences for Flag-TRIF-N540 and known common contaminants (Sciex). The identiﬁcation was focused on biological modiﬁcations. Phosphorylation emphasis and gel-based identiﬁcation were used as special factors. The reliability of peptide identiﬁcations was evaluated by the conﬁdence values and the results of target-decoy-based false-discovery-rate analysis calculated and performed by ProteinPilot software (Sciex). Statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using R3.6. 0 software (The R Foundation for Statistical Computing). Student’s two-tailed t test was used to compare two groups (WT
Forest health monitoring: 2008 national technical report

The Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) Program’s annual national technical report has three objectives: (1) to present forest health status and trends from a national or a multi-State regional perspective using a variety of sources, (2) to introduce new techniques for analyzing forest health data, and (3) to report results of recently completed evaluation monitoring projects funded through the FHM national program. The first section of the report, which addresses the first two objectives, is organized according to the Criteria and Indicators for the Conservation and Sustainable Management of Temperate and Boreal Forests. A new phylogenetic approach is described for assessing the health of forest communities from an evolutionary perspective. Also depicted are new tools that allow the public to retrieve high-resolution maps of land cover patterns for specific locations. A methodology is described for the comparison of moisture conditions between different geographical areas and time periods. Aerial survey data are used to identify hotspots of insect and disease activity based on the relative exposure to defoliation- and mortalitycausing agents. Satellite data are employed to detect geographic clusters of forest fire occurrence. Forest Inventory and Analysis data from 17 States are employed to detect regional differences in tree mortality. Phytopthora kernoviae is described as a developing threat to forest health, and a national map of P. kernoviae establishment risk is presented. Soil quality indicator data are analyzed to determine regional trends in soil chemistry characteristics that play an important role in the growth of forest trees. Finally, annual change in woody carbon stocks is presented in an initial assessment of down woody material carbon flux in the North Central United States. In the second section of the report, seven recently completed evaluation monitoring projects are summarized, addressing a variety of forest health concerns at smaller scales. These projects include an evaluation of exotic plant invasion vulnerability in Pennsylvania, a description of black ash decline in Minnesota, an assessment of white pine blister rust in Washington State, an evaluation of alder dieback impact on ecosystem nitrogen balance in Alaska, an assessment of the impact of Swiss needle cast on Douglas-fir in Oregon, an examination of the effect of Minnesota winter temperatures on eastern larch beetle, and an evaluation of native bunchgrass communities in Oregon and Idaho following fire.
The agmatine-containing poly(amidoamine) polymer AGMA1 binds cell surface 1 heparan sulfates and prevents the attachment of mucosal human 2 papillomaviruses

27 The agmatine-containing poly(amidoamine) polymer AGMA1 was recently shown to inhibit the 28 infectivity of several viruses, including human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16), that exploit cell 29 surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) as attachment receptors. The aim of this work was 30 to assess the antiviral potency of AGMA1 and its spectrum of activity against a panel of low-risk 31 and high-risk HPVs and to elucidate its mechanism of action. AGMA1 was found to be a potent 32 inhibitor of mucosal HPV types (i.e., types 16, 31, 45, and 6) in pseudovirus-based neutralization 33 assays. The 50% inhibitory concentration was between 0.34 µ g/ml and 0.73 µ g/ml and no evidence 34 of cytotoxicity was observed. AGMA1 interacts with immobilized heparin and with cellular 35 heparan sulfates, exerting its antiviral action by preventing virus attachment to the cell surface. The 36 findings from this study indicate AGMA1 to be a leading candidate compound for further 37 development as an active ingredient of a topical microbicide against HPV and other sexually 38 transmitted viral infections. 39 binding assays. Monolayers of CHO-K1 cells, GAG-deficient CHO-K1 cells or HeLa cells in 96-well plates were incubated for 2 h at 4°C in phosphate- saline (PBS) mg/ml CaCl 2 and 0.1% gelatin, with sub- saturating biotinylated AGMA1 (b-AGMA1) µg/mL µg/ml) in µ end incubation, cells
Laser-Tissue Interactions: Fundamentals and Applications

This study provides a thorough description of the fundamentals and applications in the field. The physical fundamentals such as reflexion, absorption and scattering, effects such as heat generation and conduction, plasma induction, the formation of shock waves, and cavitation are treated in detail. The application part reviews all clinical relevant methods with emphasis on ophthalmology, dentistry, neurosurgery and gynaecology.
Modélisation d'érosion côtière : application à la partie Ouest du tombolo de Giens

L’objectif de cette these est la determination des causes du phenomene d'erosion marine, et la production de propositions d'orientation pour la protection de la plage de l’Almanarre. L'etude commence par la collecte et l'analyse de toutes les donnees disponibles, pour trouver des regles d’evolution du tombolo de Giens. Puis, le logiciel de modelisation MIKE a ete applique pour confirmer l'hypothese et a obtenir une meilleure connaissance de la dynamique a l’œuvre au tombolo Ouest. Ensuite, nous avons couple des facteurs simultanement : les houles, les courants cotiers, et les transports des sediments pour les differents regimes de houle et de vent dans MIKE 21. Enfin, la possibilite de stabiliser le tombolo Ouest est discutee pour donner des suggestions sur les choix de solutions adaptees.
Analysis and Testing of a Concentric‐Disk Tension Infiltrometer

Tension infiltrometers are widely used to measure soil hydraulic properties at soil potentials near saturation in the field. Current methods of hydraulic property analysis using tension infiltrometers rely on secondary measurements of soil water content andlor use of a specific hydraulic conductivity (K(h)) form. In this paper, design criteria and method of application for a concentric disk (CD) infiltrometer are proposed, which can be used to measure saturated and nearly saturated hydraulic conductivities (K(h 0 )) and matric flux potential (Φ(h 0 )) in the field without secondary measurements or explicit reliance on a specific conductivity form. Using measured pairs of K(h 0 ) and Φ(h 0 ), a parameter estimation method is suggested to allow extrapolation of K(h) to lower than measured soil water potentials. The design of the infiltrometer and the accuracy of parameter estimation were tested against results of numerical simulations. We found that an outer-disk radius of 150 mm was sufficient to establish a 50-mm-radius inner-disk of one-dimensional (I-D) infiltration under a wide range of simulated conditions. Identification of input K(h ) functions using the suggested method of analysis was excellent, although errors were introduced by nonsteady-state infiltration data. A field test of a CD infiltrometer yielded a promising comparison with K(h) data generated by the instantaneous profile method, an alternative approach but one that is more labor intensive. The advantage of the CD infiltrometer is that, in addition to providing a rapid, direct estimate of K(h 0 ), the results are not conditional upon an assumed form of K(h) and they may be used to estimate the parameters of a K(h) form of choice.
Extratropical Ocean Warming and Winter Arctic Sea Ice Cover since the 1990s

AbstractDespite the fact that the Arctic Oscillation (AO) has reached a more neutral state and a global-warming hiatus has occurred in winter since the late 1990s, the Arctic sea ice cover (ASIC) still shows a pronounced decrease. This study reveals a close connection (R = 0.5) between the extratropical sea surface temperature (ET-SST) and ASIC in winter from 1994 to 2013. In response to one positive (negative) unit of deviation in the ET-SST pattern, the ASIC decreases (increases) in the Barents–Kara Seas and Hudson Bay (the Baffin Bay and Bering Sea) by 100–400 km2. This relationship might be maintained because of the impact of warming extratropical oceans on the polar vortex. Positive SST anomalies in the midlatitudes of the North Pacific and Atlantic (around 40°N) strengthen the equatorward planetary wave propagation, whereas negative SST anomalies in the high latitudes weaken the upward planetary wave propagation from the lower troposphere to the stratosphere. The former indicates a strengthening of .
New pedotransfer approaches to predict soil bulk density using WoSIS soil data and 1 environmental covariates in Mediterranean agro-ecosystems

48 For the estimation of the soil organic carbon stocks, bulk density (BD) is a fundamental parameter but 49 measured data are usually not available especially when dealing with legacy soil data. It is possible to 50 estimate BD by applying pedotransfer function (PTF). We applied different estimation methods with the PTF outperformed MLR-S, MLR-BS, MJ and SoilGrids approaches for estimating BD.
Essays on the Social Impacts of Climate

Essays on the Social Impacts of Climate Solomon M. Hsiang It has been hypothesized that local or global climatic conditions can affect societies in a variety of ways. However, to date, it has been difficult to measure the social impact of climate, so the scale and scope of its influence on populations remains mostly theoretical. This dissertation integrates data and quantitative methods from climate science, economics and political science to develop new techniques for empirically measuring the the social impacts of climate. These techniques are used to measure large-scale dynamical relationships between climatological conditions and the response of the societies that are exposed to them. In general, the response of societies to climatological forcing is found to be larger than previously thought. The concluding chapter discusses how these findings may inform policies that govern the global environment and economic development.
Crustal‐scale transcurrent fault development in a weak‐layered crust from an integrated geophysical research: Carboneras Fault Zone, eastern Betic Cordillera, Spain

New magnetotelluric and receiver transfer function studies provide insights from the upper to the lower crust of the eastern Betic Cordillera, which is deformed by large folds, normal faults, and a major transcurrent left‐lateral fault, the Carboneras Fault Zone (CFZ). Receiver function analysis determines a NNW dipping Moho reaching 20° that increases in depth, from 20 km south of the CFZ up to 34 km in the Sierra de Los Filabres. In addition, seismic discontinuities determined in the upper crust are interpreted as major contacts between metamorphic complexes that are detached and folded. The MT inversion model reveals a conductive zone, also representing a crustal seismic discontinuity, associated with the Alpujárride/Nevado‐Filábride contact and fitting the N vergent geometry of the Sierra Alhamilla antiform. A small flexure at Moho coincides with the CFZ, as revealed by the Bouguer anomaly trend, in agreement with the receiver function results. Moreover, the Bahr strike and tipper angle at the stations placed closest to the CFZ clearly reveal the continuity of the CFZ at least down to approximately 15 km in depth, crossing all the detected crustal discontinuities up to the Moho. The lack of a clear Moho offset associated with the Carboneras Fault supports the idea that some large strike‐slip faults tend to accommodate the deformation by a broadening fault zone at lower crustal levels. Its nucleation could occur at the base of a thin crust, where melting processes critically reduced the lithospheric strength during the late Miocene, to then propagate upward, reaching the topographic surface. Northward, the lithosphere comprised moderately larger strength, and the crustal discontinuities favored the development of larger folds with kilometric amplitude instead of strike‐slip faults since the late Miocene.
Beyond Synthetic Lethality: Charting the Landscape of Clinically Relevant Genetic Interactions in Cancer

The phenotypic effect of perturbing a gene’s activity depends on the activity level of other genes, reflecting the notion that phenotypes are emergent properties of a network of functionally interacting genes. In the context of cancer, contemporary investigations have primarily focused on just one type of functional genetic interaction (GI) – synthetic lethality (SL). However, there may be additional types of GIs whose systematic identification would enrich the molecular and functional characterization of cancer. Here, we describe a novel data-driven approach called EnGIne, that applied to TCGA data identifies 71,946 GIs spanning 12 distinct types, only a small minority of which are SLs. The detected GIs explain cancer driver genes’ tissue-specificity and differences in patients’ response to drugs, and stratify breast cancer tumors into refined subtypes. These results expand the scope of cancer GIs and lay a conceptual and computational basis for future studies of additional types of GIs and their translational applications. The GI network is accessible online via a web portal [https://amagen.shinyapps. io/cancerapp/].
Title : Impact of heat and drought stress on peroxisome proliferation in quinoa

Although peroxisomes play a key role in plant metabolism under both normal and stressful growth conditions, the impact of drought and heat stress on the peroxisomes remains unknown. Quinoa represents an informative system for dissecting the impact of abiotic stress on peroxisome proliferation because it is adapted to marginal environments. Here we determined the correlation of peroxisome abundance with physiological responses and yield under heat, drought, and heat plus drought combination stresses in eight genotypes of quinoa. We found that all stresses caused a reduction in stomatal conductance and yield. Furthermore, H 2 O 2 content increased under drought and heat plus drought. Principal component analysis demonstrated that peroxisome abundance correlated positively with H 2 O 2 content in leaves and correlated negatively with yield. Person correlation coefficient for yield and peroxisome abundance (r=-0.59) was higher than for commonly used photosynthetic efficiency (r=0.23), but comparable to those for classical stress indicators such as soil moisture content (r=0.51) or stomatal conductance (r=0.62). Our work established peroxisome abundance as a sensitive parameter for responses to heat and drought stress in the genetically diverse populations. As heat waves threaten agricultural productivity in arid climates, our findings will facilitate identification of genetic markers for improving yield of crops under extreme weather patterns. whether PMD1 within the PEX11 pathway unclear. The overall goals of this study are: (i) to determine the reasons for quinoa yield losses in response to heat, drought, and heat plus drought combination in eight quinoa genotypes from diverse geographical locations; and (ii) to test the suitability of using peroxisome abundance as a marker of response to heat, drought and heat and drought combination. We measured plant responses under field and greenhouse conditions using several established traits such as seed yield, ROS accumulation, stomatal conductance, leaf greenness index, photosynthetic activity, and quantification of peroxisome abundance. Our data shows that quinoa has limited capacity to avoid accumulation of reactive oxygen species under all stresses. Hence, protection of quinoa yield losses in arid hot climates requires breeding varieties with more efficient ROS homeostasis. We demonstrate that peroxisome peroliferation under our experimental conditsions correlates with transcription level of genes for peroxisome fission proteins PEX11C and FIS1A .
Global terrestrial water storage capacity and flood potential using GRACE

Terrestrial water storage anomaly from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and precipitation observations from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) are applied at the regional scale to show the usefulness of a remotely sensed, storage‐based flood potential method. Over the GRACE record length, instances of repeated maxima in water storage anomaly that fall short of variable maxima in cumulative precipitation suggest an effective storage capacity for a given region, beyond which additional precipitation must be met by marked increases in runoff or evaporation. These saturation periods indicate the possible transition to a flood‐prone situation. To investigate spatially and temporally variable storage overflow, a monthly storage deficit variable is created and a global map of effective storage capacity is presented for possible use in land surface models. To highlight a flood‐potential application, we design a monthly global flood index and compare with Dartmouth Flood Observatory flood maps.
Shock Melting of Permafrost on Mars: Water Ice Multiphase Equation of State for Numerical Modeling and Its Testing

The presence of water/ice/brine in upper layers of Martian crust affects many processes of impact cratering. Modeling of these effects promises better understanding of Martian cratering records. We present here the new ANEOS-based multiphase equation of state for water/ice constructed for usage in hydrocodes and first numerical experiments on permafrost shock melting. Preliminary results show that due to multiple shock compression of ice inclusions in rocks the entropy jump in shocked ice is smaller than in pure ice for the same shock pressure. Hence previous estimates of ice melting during impact cratering on Mars should be re-evaluated. Additional information is included in the original extended abstract.
Curve-Number-Based Watershed Model Incorporating Quick Subsurface Runoff, with Applications in the Western Ghats, South India

Wet mountainous watersheds are characterized by variable source area runoff, the runoff generated from surface saturated source areas being the prominent component in most cases. However, often subsurface stormflow, generated by various different mechanisms, also contributes significantly to stream quick flow. The model presented in the present study has been developed to simulate runoff processes in such watersheds, considered to have two quick flow and a delayed flow components. The lumped watershed model used has been developed in stages, starting from the curve-number method, by drawing inferences at every stage and changing the model structure in accordance with the inferences. The data on streamflow and rainfall from five catchments in the Western Ghat regions of Karnataka, in South India, have been used in the study. The simulations of the model have been interpreted to infer that the subsurface pipe flow component forms a very significant part of quick flow in the region.