Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How to Enable Policy-Based Interactions in Dynamic Wireless Networks?

Policy is a key component in the interoperations among multiple heterogeneous domains of networks with different routing metrics and preferences. IDRM is a recent protocol that enables policy-based inter-domain routing over mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), supporting dynamic network topology and diverse intra-domain routing protocols. Notwithstanding a protocol to interoperate multi- domain MANETs, there are fundamental challenges to support dynamic networks - how can network administrators formulate practical inter-domain routing policies considering MANET-specific characteristics. This paper studies this issue with illustrating examples, and discusses potential solutions.
Strange duality and the Hitchin/WZW connection

For a compact Riemann surface X of positive genus, the space of sections of certain theta bundle on moduli of bundles of rank r and level k admits a natural map to (the dual of) a similar space of sections of rank k and level r (the strange duality isomorphism). Both sides of the isomorphism carry projective connections as X varies in a family. We prove that this map is (projectively) flat.
Hematopoietic stem-cell transplants using umbilical-cord blood.

Transplantation of umbilical-cord blood was successfully performed for the first time in 1988 to treat a boy with Fanconi's anemia; the donor, the boy's newborn sister, was a perfect HLA match for her brother.1 Since then, the advantages of cord blood as a source of hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation have become clear. First, the proliferative capacity of hematopoietic stem cells in cord blood is superior to that of cells in marrow or blood from adults. A 100-ml unit of cord blood contains 1/10 the number of nucleated cells and progenitor cells (CD34+ cells) present in 1000 ml of marrow, .
A PID tuning method based on dominant poles and phase margin

A simple PID tuning method for dominant pole placement and phase margin specification is proposed in this paper. By representing some time domain specifications such as the settling time, the percentage overshoot, etc, to a pair of dominant poles, the dominant pole placement method combined with phase margin specification is then employed for a PID tuning. A graphical method is applied to obtain the exact gain crossover frequency at which the time domain and phase margin specifications are satisfied, simultaneously. An example is given for illustration. The proposed method is regardless of the process order, time delay or damping nature.
PDGF2/c-sis mRNA Leader Contains a Differentiation-linked Internal Ribosomal Entry Site (D-IRES)*

It has become clear that a given cell type can qualitatively and quantitatively affect the expression of the platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF2/c-sis) gene at multiple levels. In a previous report, we showed that PDGF2/c-sis 5′-untranslated region has a translational modulating activity during megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells. This study points to the mechanism used for this translational modulation. The unusual mRNA leader, which imposes a major barrier to conventional ribosomal scanning, was found to contain an internal ribosomal entry site that becomes more potent in differentiating cells and was termed differentiation-linked internal ribosomal entry site (D-IRES). The D-IRES element defines a functional role for the cumbersome 1022-nucleotide-long mRNA leader and accounts for its uncommon, evolutionary conserved architecture. The differentiation-linked enhancement of internal translation, which provides an additional step to the fine tuning of PDGF2/c-sis gene expression, might be employed by numerous critical regulatory genes with unusual mRNA leaders and might have widespread implications for cellular growth and development.
Neurological worsening due to infection from renal stones in a multiple sclerosis patient

Symptomatic bladder dysfunction occurs in the majority of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Although guidelines have been established for diagnosis and management of bladder dysfunction in these patients, they are sometimes overlooked in the primary care setting, leading to severe, life threatening complications. A 64-year-old male with a 31-year history of spastic quadriparetic MS and neurogenic bladder dysfunction managed with an indwelling catheter, presented to the hospital with worsening neurological function. He had developed increased weakness and cognitive impairment several weeks after being treated for a urinary tract infection (UTI). He had become unable to perform any activities of daily living or drive his power wheelchair. After an extensive work-up, he was found to have a large (14618630 cm) retroperitoneal abscess and multiple renal stones, including a large obstructing calculus in the collecting system near the ureteropelvic junction, and he underwent nephrectomy and abscess drainage. Of note, he had been found to have multiple renal stones and hydronephrosis on renal ultrasound 3 years earlier, but he had received no treatment. Following drainage of the abscess, his upper extremity neurological function returned to baseline, his cognitive status improved, and he regained the ability to perform activities of daily living. Patients with paralysis from MS, much like those with traumatic spinal cord injuries, are at grave risk of mortality and morbidity from undiagnosed and under-treated urinary complications. This case demonstrates that evaluation and appropriate treatment for complications of neurogenic bladder should be part of routine care for patients with MS. Current recommendations for evaluation and management of bladder dysfunction in patients with MS will be reviewed.
Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci associated with β-amylase and limit dextrinase activities and β-glucan and protein fraction contents in barley

High malting quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) relies on many traits, such as β-amylase and limit dextrinase activities and β-glucan and protein fraction contents. In this study, interval mapping was utilized to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting these malting quality parameters using a doubled haploid (DH) population from a cross of CM72 (six-rowed) by Gairdner (two-rowed) barley cultivars. A total of nine QTLs for eight traits were mapped to chromosomes 3H, 4H, 5H, and 7H. Five of the nine QTLs mapped to chromosome 3H, indicating a possible role of loci on chromosome 3H on malting quality. The phenotypic variation accounted by individual QTL ranged from 8.08% to 30.25%. The loci of QTLs for β-glucan and limit dextrinase were identified on chromosomes 4H and 5H, respectively. QTL for hordeins was coincident with the region of silica eluate (SE) protein on 3HS, while QTLs for albumins, globulins, and total protein exhibited overlapping. One locus on chromosome 3H was found to be related to β-amylase, and two loci on chromosomes 5H and 7H were found to be associated with glutelins. The identification of these novel QTLs controlling malting quality may be useful for marker-assisted selection in improving barley malting quality.
Pervaho: A Development & Test Platform for Mobile Ad hoc Applications

This paper introduces Pervaho, a platform for developing and testing mobile ad hoc applications. The Pervaho platform is founded on a location-based publish/subscribe service, which allows mobile peers to interact in a flexible and anonymous manner, based on their collocation at the time of the interaction. To validate the semantics of location-based criteria-a general issue in mobile ad hoc applications-we also propose a phone motion simulator as second cornerstone of our platform. Finally, we evaluate the usability of Pervaho by developing a concrete application with and without Pervaho
Oculomotor Adaptation Elicited By Intra-Saccadic Visual Stimulation: Time-Course of Efficient Visual Target Perturbation

Perception of our visual environment strongly depends on saccadic eye movements, which in turn are calibrated by saccadic adaptation mechanisms elicited by systematic movement errors. Current models of saccadic adaptation assume that visual error signals are acquired only after saccade completion, because the high speed of saccade execution disturbs visual processing (saccadic “suppression” and “mislocalization”). Complementing a previous study from our group, here we report that visual information presented during saccades can drive adaptation mechanisms and we further determine the critical time window of such error processing. In 15 healthy volunteers, shortening adaptation of reactive saccades toward a ±8° visual target was induced by flashing the target for 2 ms less eccentrically than its initial location either near saccade peak velocity (“PV” condition) or peak deceleration (“PD”) or saccade termination (“END”). Results showed that, as compared to the “CONTROL” condition (target flashed at its initial location upon saccade termination), saccade amplitude decreased all throughout the “PD” and “END” conditions, reaching significant levels in the second adaptation and post-adaptation blocks. The results of nine other subjects tested in a saccade lengthening adaptation paradigm with the target flashing near peak deceleration (“PD” and “CONTROL” conditions) revealed no significant change of gain, confirming that saccade shortening adaptation is easier to elicit. Also, together with this last result, the stable gain observed in the “CONTROL” conditions of both experiments suggests that mislocalization of the target flash is not responsible for the saccade shortening adaptation demonstrated in the first group. Altogether, these findings reveal that the visual “suppression” and “mislocalization” phenomena related to saccade execution do not prevent brief visual information delivered “in-flight” from being processed to elicit oculomotor adaptation.
The Impact of Visual Style on User Experience in Games

Garver, Stephen A. M.S., Purdue University, August 2015. The Impact of Visual Style on User Experience in Games. Major Professor: Nicoletta Adamo-Villani and Nicholas Dib. The visual style in a game is an aspect of user experience that is often neglected in user experience studies in games. Visual style is often reflective of the tone that a game designer intends to convey or the assumption of what the intended audience would prefer, and it is an important aspect of how a player experiences a game. This thesis investigated how visual style impacts user experience, by observing user experience from two different approaches, moment and memory-based experiences (engagement and enjoyment), through the manipulation of style in a game. The manipulated aspects of visual style were color and form. While the impact of color and form on experience is inconclusive, visual preference by a player does appear to be indicative of whether or not a player will be engaged and enjoy an experience. In order to properly control any unknown variables, the demo being used for this study was made by the researcher, providing the flexibility to manipulate the style as necessary.
Distributed Submodular Cover: Succinctly Summarizing Massive Data

How can one find a subset, ideally as small as possible, that well represents a massive dataset? I.e., its corresponding utility, measured according to a suitable utility function, should be comparable to that of the whole dataset. In this paper, we formalize this challenge as a submodular cover problem. Here, the utility is assumed to exhibit submodularity, a natural diminishing returns condition prevalent in many data summarization applications. The classical greedy algorithm is known to provide solutions with logarithmic approximation guarantees compared to the optimum solution. However, this sequential, centralized approach is impractical for truly large-scale problems. In this work, we develop the first distributed algorithm - DISCOVER - for submodular set cover that is easily implementable using MapReduce-style computations. We theoretically analyze our approach, and present approximation guarantees for the solutions returned by DISCOVER. We also study a natural trade-off between the communication cost and the number of rounds required to obtain such a solution. In our extensive experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on several applications, including active set selection, exemplar based clustering, and vertex cover on tens of millions of data points using Spark.
Mechanisms of lytic and blastic metastatic disease of bone.

In the majority of skeletal metastases, new bone develops simultaneously with bone destruction. The roentgenogram indicates the net effect of these two processes. Where the bone formation predominates, the lesion appears sclerotic. Where bone destruction predominates, it appears lytic. Mixed lesions may also occur. There are two main mechanisms for the new bone formation. Those tumors associated with a suitable fibrous stroma develop islands of intramembranous ossification within the stroma, e.g., metastases from prostatic carcinoma. In the vast majority of metastases bone destruction is associated with reactive new bone formation. The latter is similar to callus associated with fracture repair. Myelomata and lymphomata are not associated with this reactive new bone formation. There are at least two main mechanisms for the bone destruction. The earlier and quantitatively more important phase is mediated via osteoclasts, neoplasms secreting a variety of osteoclast stimulating factors. The main humoral factor in myeloma and the lymphomata is probably osteoclast activating factor (OAF), whereas in the carcinomata it may be prostaglandin. Two thirds of human mammary carcinomata are osteolytically active in vitro. In a co-culture model, the osteolysis can be significantly reduced by prostaglandin inhibitors, diphosphonates and particularly, their combination. At a late stage, neoplastic or monocytic cells are directly responsible for the continuing bone destruction.
Understanding complex systems: Using interaction as a measure of emergence

Understanding the behavior of complex systems is becoming a crucial issue as systems grow in size, and the interconnection and geographical distribution of their components diversifies. The interaction over time of many components often leads to emergent behavior, which can be harmful to the system. Despite this, very few practical approaches for the identification of emergent behavior exist, and many are unfeasible to implement. Approaches using interaction as a measure of emergence have the potential to alleviate this problem. In this paper, we analyse absolute and relative methods that use interaction as a measure of emergence. Absolute methods compute a degree of interaction that characterizes a system state as being emergent. Relative methods compare interaction graphs of the system state with interaction graphs of systems that have been shown previously to exhibit emergence. We present these approaches and discuss their advantages and limitations using theoretical and experimental analysis.
HNCcorr: A Novel Combinatorial Approach for Cell Identification in Calcium-Imaging Movies

Abstract Calcium imaging is a key method in neuroscience for investigating patterns of neuronal activity in vivo. Still, existing algorithms to detect and extract activity signals from calcium-imaging movies have major shortcomings. We introduce the HNCcorr algorithm for cell identification in calcium-imaging datasets that addresses these shortcomings. HNCcorr relies on the combinatorial clustering problem HNC (Hochbaum’s Normalized Cut), which is similar to the Normalized Cut problem of Shi and Malik, a well known problem in image segmentation. HNC identifies cells as coherent clusters of pixels that are highly distinct from the remaining pixels. HNCcorr guarantees a globally optimal solution to the underlying optimization problem as well as minimal dependence on initialization techniques. HNCcorr also uses a new method, called “similarity squared”, for measuring similarity between pixels in calcium-imaging movies. The effectiveness of HNCcorr is demonstrated by its top performance on the Neurofinder cell identification benchmark. We believe HNCcorr is an important addition to the toolbox for analysis of calcium-imaging movies.
Bayesian Network Based Program Dependence Graph for Fault Localization

Some probabilistic graphical models such as probabilistic program dependence graph (PPDG) have been used in fault localization. However, PPDG is insufficient to reason across nonadjacent nodes and only support making inference about local anomaly. In this paper, we propose a novel probabilistic graphical model called Bayesian Network based Program Dependence Graph (BNPDG) that has the excellent inference capability for reasoning across nonadjacent nodes. We focus on applying the BNPDG to fault localization. Compared with the PPDG, our BNPDG-based fault localization approach overcomes the reasoning limitation across nonadjacent nodes and provides more precise fault localization by taking its output nodes as the common conditions to calculate the conditional probability of each non-output node. Experiment results show that our BNPDG-based fault localization approach outperforms its rivals.
La fréquence des symptômes physiques dans les troubles anxio-dépressifs: étude transversale chez une population de 202 consultants psychiatriques

Introduction les symptômes physiques associés aux troubles anxio-dépressifs ont fait l'objet de plusieurs études depuis plusieurs décennies, vu leurs fréquences et leurs conséquences. Le but de notre étude est de préciser la fréquence des principaux symptômes physiques dans les troubles anxieux: trouble panique (TP), trouble anxiété généralisée (TAG) et troubles phobiques (TPh), ainsi que dans les troubles dépressifs: épisode dépressif majeur (EDM) dans le cadre d'un trouble dépressif. Méthodes nous avons mené une étude transversale à visée descriptive, réalisée sur un échantillon de 202 consultants dans un service de psychiatrie. Résultats l'âge moyen des patients est de 42 ans (19 à 70 ans), avec une légère prédominance féminine: 118 (58%). Les troubles anxio-dépressifs constatés sont: l'EDM: 113(56%), le TP: 61 (30.2%), le TAG: 55 (27.2%) et les TPh: 30 (14.9%). La fréquence des patients présentant de 2 à 5, et plus de 5 symptômes était respectivement de 15.9% et 39.6% dans les troubles dépressifs, et de 9.5% et 62.9% dans les troubles anxieux. Les symptômes les plus rapportés sont d'ordre cardiopulmonaire (75%), général (73.8%) et neurologique (65.8%). Conclusion les symptômes physiques qui accompagnent les troubles anxio-dépressifs sont variables et souvent nombreux. Ils peuvent aggraver le pronostic de ces troubles psychiatriques en rendant difficile leur prise en charge. Un dépistage précoce de ces troubles, en portant une attention particulière à ces symptômes physiques, permettra de prévenir ces complications.
HDAC3 negatively regulates spatial memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

The accumulation and deposition of beta‐amyloid (Aβ) is a key neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of AD, while the specific HDAC isoforms associated with cognitive improvement are poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the role of HDAC3 in the pathogenesis of AD. Nuclear HDAC3 is significantly increased in the hippocampus of 6‐ and 9‐month‐old APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice compared with that in age‐matched wild‐type C57BL/6 (B6) mice. Lentivirus ‐mediated inhibition or overexpression of HDAC3 was used in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice to investigate the role of HDAC3 in spatial memory, amyloid burden, dendritic spine density, glial activation and tau phosphorylation. Inhibition of HDAC3 in the hippocampus attenuates spatial memory deficits, as indicated in the Morris water maze test, and decreases amyloid plaque load and Aβ levels in the brains of APP/PS1 mice. Dendritic spine density is increased, while microglial activation is alleviated after HDAC3 inhibition in the hippocampus of 9‐month‐old APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, HDAC3 overexpression in the hippocampus increases Aβ levels, activates microglia, and decreases dendritic spine density in 6‐month‐old APP/PS1 mice. In conclusion, our results indicate that HDAC3 negatively regulates spatial memory in APP/PS1 mice and HDAC3 inhibition might represent a potential therapy for the treatment of AD.
Induction of interferon alpha from human lymphocytes by autologous, dengue virus-infected monocytes

Human monocytes actively replicate dengue virus. To dissect the primary immune responses to dengue virus-infected monocytes (DV-monocytes), we analyzed the interaction between autologous DV-monocytes and the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of dengue nonimmune donors. Interferon (IFN) activity was detected when PBL were cultured with DV- monocytes. Cell contact between PBL and DV-monocytes was required for IFN production; however, MHC compatibility between PBL and monocytes was not necessary. DV-monocytes fixed with paraformaldehyde or glutaraldehyde, which produced no infectious virus, also induced high levels of IFN from PBL. The ability of DV-monocytes to induce IFN correlated with the appearance of dengue antigens. The PBL that produce IFN were characterized by FACS sorting using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. HLA-DR+ and T3- cells produced high titers of IFN, while HLA-DR- and T3+ cells produced very low or undetectable levels of IFN. Moderate titers of IFN were produced by cells contained in B cell fractions (surface immunoglobulin-positive, B1+, and Leu-12+), and cells contained in natural killer cell fractions (Leu-11+ and OKM1+). Therefore, IFN-producing cells are heterogeneous, and the predominant producer cells are characterized as HLA-DR+ and non-T lymphocytes. The IFN produced was characterized by RIA using mAbs to IFN-alpha and IFN- gamma. The IFN-alpha was the predominant IFN produced; in addition, a low level of IFN-gamma was also detected in some experiments. The culture fluids obtained from PBL exposed to autologous DV-monocytes, which contained high IFN activity, completely inhibited dengue virus infection of monocytes. These results suggest that IFN-alpha produced by PBL exposed to DV-monocytes may play an important role in controlling primary dengue virus infection.
Highly Ligand Efficient and Selective N‐2‐(Thioethyl)picolinamide Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Inspired by the Natural Product Psammaplin A

Novel picolinamide‐based histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors were developed, drawing inspiration from the natural product psammaplin A. We found that the HDAC potency and isoform selectivity provided by the oxime unit of psammaplin A could be reproduced by using carefully chosen heterocyclic frameworks. The resulting (hetero)aromatic amide based compounds displayed very high potency and isoform selectivity among the HDAC family, in addition to excellent ligand efficiency relative to previously reported HDAC inhibitors. In particular, the high HDAC1 isoform selectivity provided by the chloropyridine motif represents a valuable design criterion for the development of new lead compounds and chemical probes that target HDAC1.