Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective Effects of Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid: Analysis of Brainstem Auditory-Evoked Potential Monitoring During Microvascular Decompression in 117 Consecutive Patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To study the efficacy of irrigation with artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) for protection of cranial nerves during surgery; the time required for recovery of brainstem auditory-evoked potentials (BAEPs) that would reflect cochlear function was analyzed in comparison with that for saline irrigation. METHODS This retrospective study included 117 consecutive patients (95 women, mean age 51.5 ± 11.4 year) who underwent microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. During surgery, BAEPs were monitored to avoid damage to the auditory pathways. When a delayed latency of >1 ms or a decrease in amplitude of >50% was detected in BAEP wave V, surgical maneuvers were halted, and the operative field was irrigated with saline or aCSF. Saline was used for irrigation in 58 patients and aCSF in the other 59. The time required for BAEP recovery at the first halt in each patient was analyzed, and the results were compared between the groups. RESULTS Surgical procedures were interrupted because of BAEP latency delays or decreases in amplitude in 51 of the patients in the saline group and 54 in the aCSF group. In both groups, the latencies and amplitudes recovered significantly with time and both recovered earlier after aCSF irrigation than after saline irrigation. Hearing outcome was not significantly different between 2 groups. CONCLUSION aCSF is effective for protection of cochlear nerve and promotes recovery from transient dysfunction during surgery. The protective effect may be attributed to multiple factors including conditioned pH, electrolyte composition, glucose, and microelements, such as magnesium and phosphate.
Future of story: Transmedia journalism and National Geographic's Future of Food project

Moloney, Kevin (Ph.D., Technology, Media and Society, ATLAS Institute) Future of Story: Transmedia Journalism and National Geographic’s Future of Food Project Directed by Associate Professor Mark Winokur This dissertation describes the techniques of transmedia storytelling and examines them in the context of journalism. Its principle case study explores the National Geographic Society’s (NGS) Future of Food project as an example of transmedia journalism. Having many proprietary media channels, the NGS is uniquely positioned to produce expansive stories on complex issues. The case study is contextualized through the history of the organization and staff interviews about structural and philosophical changes there. The project is qualitatively analyzed for its use of media form, media channel and story expansion. The structure of the network of stories is quantitatively analyzed through social network analysis. This study contributes the first detailed network analysis of a transmedia storyworld, an examination of an early instance of transmedia journalism and initial best practices for the scaleable production of it. These methods are framed through a novel use of Multimodality to explain the agency of media as nonhuman actors in Actor-Network Theory. Analysis shows that though the Future of Food project was designed independently of existing concepts of transmedia storytelling, it mirrors those concepts well. The project builds a complex storyworld, expands content across media and seeks to engage diverse audiences. However, the scale of the storyworld arguably complicates engagement by defying mastery by committed readers. Network analysis also shows that the project maintains much of the broadcast
Assessment of type and usage of thermal water in Mahalat, Markazi province, Iran

In this study, water samples were collected from 10 thermal and non-thermal springs of Mahalat setting during four periods in 2011. The discharge rates of these springs vary from 2 l/s to 45 l/s and their temperature range from an average minimum of 18C to maximum 47C. Spring water is high in SO4-Cl and this is related to gypsum dissolution. Correlation coefficient, principal component analysis, and isotopic data of samples showed there was mixing of young and old water and meteoric water in springs. The quality of water for irrigation was assessed by parameters such as SAR, SSP, RSC, PI, MAR and Kelly’s index for major elements (SO4 , HCO3 , Cl, Ca, Na, Mg and K). All water quality indices have shown that the water is suitable for irrigation. The metal index of heavy metals (Hg, Zn, Co, As, B, Cu, Mn, Mo and Ni) was compared to the Standard Iranian Guideline values for irrigation and was also used to determine the contamination index. The calculated values have shown that almost all samples are above the threshold of warning and most of the water samples are contaminated.
Small‐molecule CEM3 strengthens single‐cell oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus

A robust endogenous clock is required for proper function of many physiological processes. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) constitutes our central circadian clock and allows us to adapt to daily changes in the environment. Aging can cause a decline in the amplitude of circadian rhythms in SCN and peripheral clocks, which contributes to increased risk of several chronic diseases. Strengthening clock function would therefore be an effective strategy to improve health. A high‐throughput chemical screening has identified clock‐enhancing molecule 3 (CEM3) as small molecule that increases circadian rhythm amplitude in cell lines and SCN explants. It is, however, currently not known whether CEM3 acts by enhancing the amplitude of individual single‐cell oscillators or by enhancing synchrony among neurons. In view of CEM3's potential, it is of evident importance to clarify the mode of action of CEM3. Here, we investigated the effects of CEM3 on single‐cell PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE rhythms in mouse SCN explants. CEM3 increased the amplitude in approximately 80%–90% of the individual cells in the SCN without disrupting the phase and/or period of their rhythms. Noticeably, CEM3's effect on amplitude is independent of the cell's initial amplitude. These findings make CEM3 a potential therapeutic candidate to restore compromised amplitude in circadian rhythms and will boost the development of other molecular approaches to improve health.
Accidental late PEG dislodgment in 3 cases with a narrow stoma: Bougie dilatation rescue

ABSTRACT Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a simple and effective method of enteral nutrition for many patients who cannot take oral food. The accidental dislodgment of the PEG tube after the maturation of the gastrocutaneous fistula (stoma) is called late dislodgment. If it is not detected early, the stoma lumen gets narrower and does not permit the passage of the replacement tube. In this case, the commonly followed method is to continue enteral nutrition by opening a new gastrocutaneous fistula after the complete closure of the original stoma. Here, we present a stoma-saving bougie dilatation method in 3 cases with severely narrowed stomas after late accidental dislodgment of the PEG tube.
2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024.

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Care in Diabetes" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, an interprofessional expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations and a full list of Professional Practice Committee members, please refer to Introduction and Methodology. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes. org/SOC.
Error sources in single-clinopyroxene thermobarometry and a mantle geotherm for the Novinka kimberlite, Yakutia

Abstract A new suite of 173 clinopyroxene grains from heavy-mineral concentrates of the diamondiferous Novinka kimberlite (Upper Muna field, Yakutia) has been analyzed for major and minor elements with an electron microprobe to perform a thermobarometric study and model the thermal structure of the Archean Upper Muna lithospheric mantle. Scrupulous evaluation of propagation of analytical uncertainties on pressure estimates revealed that (1) the single-clinopyroxene geobarometer can be very sensitive to analytical uncertainties for particular clinopyroxene compositions, and that (2) most clinopyroxenes from Novinka have compositions that are sensitive to analytical uncertainties, notwithstanding their apparent compositional suitability for single-clinopyroxene thermobarometry based on previously proposed application limits. A test on various mantle clinopyroxenes containing different proportions of the sensitive elements Cr, Na, and Al allowed us to identify clinopyroxene compositions that produce unacceptably high propagated errors and to define appropriate analytical conditions (i.e., higher beam currents and longer counting times for specific elements) that allow precise P-T estimates to be obtained for sensitive compositions. Based on the results of our analytical test, and taking into account the intrinsic limitations of the single-clinopyroxene thermobarometer, we have designed a new protocol for optimum thermobarometry, which uses partly revised compositional filters. The new protocol permits precise computation of the conductive paleogeotherm at Novinka with the single-clinopyroxene thermobarometer of Nimis and Taylor (2000). Thermal modeling of the resulting P-T estimates indicates a ~34 mW/m2 surface heat flow, a thermal lithosphere thickness of ~225 km, and an over 100 km thick “diamond window” beneath Novinka in the middle Paleozoic (344–361 Ma). We estimate that appropriate analytical conditions may extend the applicability of single-clinopyroxene thermobarometry to over 90% of clinopyroxene-bearing garnet peridotites and pyroxenites and to ~70% of chromian-diopside inclusions in diamonds. In all cases, application to clinopyroxenes with Cr/(Cr+Al)mol < 0.1 is not recommended. We confirm the tendency of the single-clinopyroxene barometer to progressively underestimate pressure at P > 4.5 GPa.
Capture of anemones and polychaetes in artificial collectors for ornamental purposes, effects of: depth, deployment period, and time of immersion

This research aimed to test the catching of ornamental invertebrates in artificial collectors, comparing different types of collectors (vertical and horizontal), deployment period (seasons) and time of immersion (1 to 8 months). The experiments were carried out in an area of mussel farming in Caraguatatuba, southeastern Brazil. Collectors were made of braided nets, measuring 1 m (horizontal) and 2 m long (vertical). Batches of 32 collectors were deployed into the sea at Winter and Spring 2011 and Summer and Autumn 2012. Half of collectors were positioned horizontally at the surface of the sea and the others were positioned vertically, both tied to a floating structure 50 m long. Monthly, two vertical and two horizontal collectors were removed from each batch and examined for detecting ornamentals. Two species were caught: the anemone Bunodosoma caissarumm and the polychaete Branchiomma luctuosum. Occurrence of anemones was significantly higher in horizontal collectors and lower in collectors deployed during summer. Occurrence was also higher after two to five months of immersion. Polychaete occurrence was significantly higher in vertical collectors deployed during Autumn, being higher after seven months of immersion. We concluded that the system was technically feasible, but an economical evaluation must be done in further studies.
Genetic Predisposition to Hepatocarcinogenesis in Inbred and Outbred Mouse Lines Selected for High or Low Inflammatory Response

AIRmax and AIRmin mouse strains phenotypically selected for high and low acute inflammatory responsiveness (AIR) are, respectively, susceptible or resistant to developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) induced by the chemical carcinogens urethane and diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Early production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the liver after DEN treatment correlated with tumor development in AIRmax mice. Transcriptome analysis of livers from untreated AIRmax and AIRmin mice showed specific gene expression profiles in each line, which might play a role in their differential susceptibility to HCC. Linkage analysis with SNP markers in F2 (AIRmax×AIRmin) intercross mice revealed two quantitative trait loci (QTL) in chromosomes 2 and 9, which are significantly associated with the number and progression of urethane-induced liver tumors. An independent linkage analysis with an intercross population from A/J and C57BL/6J inbred mice mapped regions in chromosomes 1 and 7 associated with the progression of urethane-induced liver tumors, evidencing the heterogeneity of HCC genetic control.
Surface-seismic monitoring while drilling using diffractions: Concept and field data example

Diffractions from boreholes can be made visible using surface seismic data, subject to certain favorable conditions. This makes diffraction processing and imaging a more natural complement to the Surface Seismic monitoring While Drilling (SSWD) method than traditional reflection processing, which suffers from limitations in illumination and resolution. We discuss the SSWD method in combination with diffraction imaging and demonstrate its potential on a field data set.
Properties of a Computational Lambda Calculus for Higher-Order Relational Queries

We study the operational semantics of an untyped computational lambda calculus whose normal forms represent queries on databases. The calculus extends the computational core with additional operations and rewriting rules whose effect is to turn the monadic type of computations into a multiset monad that captures tables. Moreover, we introduce comonadic constructs and additional rewriting rules to be able to form tables of tables. Proving confluence becomes tricky: we succeed exploiting decreasing diagrams. In the second part, we study a Curry style type assignment system for the calculus. We introduce an idempotent intersection type system establishing type invariance under conversion.
Le nom propre

3. Elle n'y parvient pas d'une manière infaillible. Il y a beaucoup de Pierre Dupont ou d'Henri Martin en France et l'unicité exige souvent des contreforts. Quand elle n'est pas obtenue par le caractère insolite du nom ou du prénom, il faut recourir à l'adjonction de prénoms secon­ daires, à celle du nom maternel, à un sobriquet (épithétique ou non), à la mention du lieu d'origine, à celle de senior ou junior, ou même à des auxiliaires non incorporables dans le nom lui-même, comme par exemple la date de naissance ou les autres particularités indiquées par les passe­ ports.
Initial Rotor Position Estimation for Brushless Electrically Excited Synchronous Starter/generator Based on Time Division Signal Injection

This article proposes a novel approach for estimating the initial rotor position for brushless electrically excited synchronous starter/generator (BESSG). Based on time division signal injection (TDSI) and excitation current estimation, the initial rotor position can be determined quickly by injecting positive pulse signals into the $\beta$-axis and $\alpha$-axis of stator of main generator (MG) in a timed manner once. The proposed method does not require multiple signal injections into the MG with nor identifying the N-pole and S-pole. The effectiveness and feasibility are verified by experimental results.
A review of recommendation systems based on the fusion of new technologies

The huge amount of data has grown exponentially with the development of Internet technology, and we have thus entered the era of information explosion. It is very difficult to get the target information that users are interested in or need in the huge amount of data. To solve the problem of information overload, recommendation systems play an important role. At present, recommendation systems have become a popular research area and have received a lot of attention with many application areas. However, recommendation systems suffer from the problems of cold start, data sparsity and poor interpretability, and many researches have been conducted to alleviate these problems. In this paper, we first give a brief overview of recommendation systems and traditional recommendation algorithms, then summarize the improvements made by recommendation systems with the introduction of auxiliary information, and finally summarize the challenges faced by recommendation systems and give the future development hotspots.
Torque Maximization of Electrically Excited Machines Considering Stator/Rotor Copper Loss Ratio

This paper focuses on torque maximization of electrically excited (EE) machines considering stator/rotor copper loss ratio (SRCLR). Firstly, the influence of rotor design parameters on the optimal SRCLR and output torque is investigated. Then, an EE machine is optimized considering SRCLR as a variable, which is compared with the EE machine optimized with SRCLR fixed to 1 and the Toyota Prius 2010 interior permanent magnet machine for electric vehicle application. The results show that torque capability, output power, efficiency, and material utilization of EE machine will be improved by optimizing the SRCLR in design optimization.
MRI Hepatic Fibrosis Stage Diagnosis Using Exchange Learning

Cancer is a leading cause of death from disease worldwide. Liver cancer in particular, accounts for a large proportion of this statistic. As a method for determining the extent of liver fibrosis, a condition that can lead to liver cirrhosis and elevate the risk of liver cancer, liver biopsy is the gold standard. However, liver biopsy involves serous risks, as it requires invasive inspection. In this study, we propose a noninvasive method in which MR images are divided into patches and used as input for recognition by a deep learning model. The network structure of our proposed model consists of two stages: the first stage is a network that uses exchange learning for patch-based recognition: the second stage is a network that produces the final diagnosis. We demonstrate that the proposed method has high diagnostic accuracy.
Position Estimation Error Reduction Based on a Complex-Coefficient Extended State Observer for IPMSM Sensorless Drives

The sensorless control of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) based on back electromotive force (BEMF) estimation has been widely studied. However, non-ideal conditions such as inverter nonlinearity and flux spatial harmonics inevitably cause harmonics in the estimated BEMF, especially the dominant fifth and seventh harmonics, which eventually lead to rotor position estimation error in the conventional BEMF observer. To reduce the rotor position estimation error, this paper proposes a first-order complex-coefficient extended state observer (CCF-ESO), which exhibits a frequency-adaptive bandpass characteristic and can effectively suppress the BEMF harmonics without additional digital filters. The proposed CCF-ESO is verified by experiments on a 1.2 kW IPMSM drive platform.
Antioxidants in Date Fruits and the Extent of the Variability of the Total Phenolic Content: Review and Analysis

The date fruit is economically important agricultural commodity, as well as a staple food in many countries in the Arab world, North Africa, and the Middle East. Recent interest in its nutritional, health, and therapeutic attributes is manifested by the rise in scientific publications. Dates of various cultivars are widely publicized and highly ranked as rich sources of natural antioxidant constituents and antioxidant activity. Such publicity, justified or otherwise, is sometimes accompanied by misconceptions and claims of cultivar- and/or country-wise superiority. This chapter examines these claims using a dataset generated from scientific studies published over the last three decades focusing on the total phenolic (TP) content of three stages of date maturity, with emphasis on the last stage, Tamer. The dataset contains TP values (mg GAE/100 g DM) from 18 countries and 243 cultivars and included 583 entries. It only examines variability of TP values. Statistical analysis indicates a great variability of TP content, both within a particular cultivar and among different cultivars. Claims of cultivar- and country-wise superiority and very high ranking of date antioxidant activity are not substantiated. The chapter also discusses various causes of high variability and calls for a collaboration work to address the issue.
Dynamic Performance Optimization Strategy for Doubly Salient Electromagnetic Generator Based on Composite Control

Different from uncontrollable rectifiers, controllable rectifier (CR) can regulate the value of excitation current through the angular position control (APC) strategy to realize the minimum excitation increment for a doubly salient electromagnetic generator (DSEG). In this article, a dynamic performance enhancement method of DSEG under composite control strategy (CCS) is proposed. Firstly, the minimum excitation increment is realized by controlling the armature inner loop by controlling the upper and lower bridge arm conduction angle of a bridge controlled rectifier. Then, the excitation current inner loop is optimized by giving the excitation current feedforward to optimize dynamic adjustment time. Finally, comparative experiments are conducted on 18/12-pole DSEG. Compared with the APC strategy and the minimum exciting currents increment strategy, the CCS strategy can significantly reduce the dynamic regulation time and transient voltage variation under changing operating conditions.
Interpretable power load forecasting model based on CNN GRU and SHAP

Accurate power load forecasting is very important for the rational planning and operation scheduling of power grid. While AI technology has excelled at load forecasting, it remains a challenging problem to explain why these inaccurate results occur when the forecasts are inaccurate. Interpretable artificial intelligence(XAI) has recently received quite a bit of attention in solving this problem. In order to mine the temporal characteristics in the data, improve the accuracy of load prediction, and better explain the black box model, a power load prediction model based on convolutional neural network(CNN) and gated cyclic unit(g) hybrid neural network was established, and Shapley addition interpretation was used to analyze and explain the model. In this paper, we use the data of an electric power competition in 2016 to conduct experiments, input the cleaned data into the proposed model for training, and compare it with the three baseline models of LSTM, GRU and CNN LSTM to verify the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, SHAP is applied to the CNN GRU model to improve the interpretability of the model.