Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AI-BASED QUIZ SYSTEM FOR PERSONALISED LEARNING

This paper has presented an AI-assisted quiz system, iQS , with the capability of creating individual quizzes and providing instant personal feedback, to serve self-regulated learning and distant learning. iQS is designed to be easily adopted by different learning management systems (LMS, such as Moodle or MOOCs). Its core algorithms can be reused directly, only specific domain knowledge and learners’ learning data need to be provided to run in a new specific domain. As a research instance, iQS has been developed and tested inside the Moodle learning platform of a university and positive feedback has been received from students and teachers
Dietary antioxidant status indices may not interact with CETP Taq1B polymorphism on lipid profile and severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients under coronary angiography

Abstract The association of CETP Taq1B polymorphism with some metabolic traits is still controversial. The interaction of adherence to dietary indices with this polymorphism on the severity of coronary artery stenosis and serum lipid parameters needs to be investigated. This study aimed to test this hypothesis. This cross‐sectional study included 453 patients who were referred from Afshar Hospital of Yazd and undergoing coronary angiography from 2020 to 2021. Dietary intake was evaluated by a 178‐item validated and reliable dietary questionnaire. Dietary indices such as dietary antioxidant index (DAI), dietary antioxidant quality score (DAQS), and dietary phytochemical index (DPI) are determined according to dietary guidelines. The Taq1B variant was genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR‐RFLP). Two‐way ANOVA was used to test the interaction between Taq1B polymorphism and dietary indices. The results of the frequency analysis of Taq1B genotypes showed that 10.4% were B1B1, 72.4% B1B2, and 17.2% B2B2. No significant interaction was found between the Taq1B variant with high adherence to DAQS, DAI, and DPI on total cholesterol (TC), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), triglyceride (TG) levels, and Gensini score (GS) and Syntax score (SS). In high‐adherence dietary indices, lipid profile and coronary artery stenosis scores did not differ significantly in Taq1B genotypes. Due to the insignificant results in this research, further studies are needed to investigate the role of Taq1B SNP in modulating dyslipidemia and the severity of the CAD in interaction with dietary indices.
Classification of Laser Scanning Altimetry Data Using Laser Intensity

The airborne laser scanning altimetry data contains the 3D coordinates of the laser footprints and intensity of the return pulse. The amount of light that is returned from a target's surface is characterized by the reflection coefficient. For a diffusely reflecting target, the maximum value of reflection coefficient is 100%. For mirror-like or retro-reflecting targets, the theoretical value of reflectivity can exceed 100% by far. The reflection coefficient is, of course, also depending on the wavelength. For the specified airborne laser scanning altimetry, the intense of the reflectivity varies with the interacted material of the object surface. For materials with skinny or glossy surface, the reflectivity figure represents the maximum light return, with the sensor beam exactly perpendicular to the material surface. Airborne laser scanning altimetry data classification algorithm combined with the intensity of laser is studied in detail. The fusion of height data and intensity data can achieve good classification.
Effects of Unsaturated Hydraulic Properties of Municipal Solid Waste on Moisture Distribution in Bioreactor Landfills

Moisture distribution in a bioreactor landfill depends on various parameters such as the leachate recirculation system and its geometric configuration, hydraulic properties of municipal solid waste (MSW), and others. Hydraulic properties of MSW are the most important parameters that govern leachate distribution. Studies on the effect of saturated hydraulic properties of MSW on moisture distribution are documented in literature; however, studies on the effect of unsaturated hydraulic properties are scarce. The main objective of this paper is to model the effect of unsaturated hydraulic properties of MSW on leachate distribution. Since MSW is unsaturated, flow of two immiscible fluids (leachate and landfill gas) is expected; therefore, a mathematical model that accounts for a two-phase system is implemented which considers leachate as wetting fluid and landfill gas as non-wetting fluid. This model is validated based on reported laboratory test results and mathematical modeling studies. The effect of unsaturated hydraulic properties of MSW indicates significant variations in leachate distribution under steady state and gravity drainage conditions, which shows that its consideration is essential in the design of leachate recirculation systems in bioreactor landfills.
Seismic Hazard Assessment of Syria

In this paper, the well-established probabilistic seismic hazard - Poisson occurrence model - technique is applied to estimate the seismic severity of Syrian region. Syrian seismic catalog, which extends from 19 AD to 2012, as well as seismotectonic features of the region have been utilized. The seismic hazard assessment carried out using eight seismic active zones based on tectonic settings and spatial distribution of the seismic activity. We assessed the modified Gutenberg-Richter Model parameters and the maximum credible earthquake magnitude for each seismic zone. Suitable numeric attenuation models have been used for the considered seismic zones. An increment of 0.1 x 0.1 degree is used. The seismic hazard maps are developed for return periods (50, 100, 175, 475 and 975 years) and for the seven structural periods. Integrating PGA to PSA hazard maps have done based on site-effect factors of PSA/PGA. Seismic hazard curves are obtained for all major cities. Relatively high levels of PGA as well as PSA are found in regions: Lebanese part of DSFS, Al-Ghab region of Syria, along the border of Turkey and Bitilis zone. Remarkable seismicity has noticed in the eastern part of Syria.
Sultan of Sulu's Sabah Claim: Reminiscence of a 'Long-Lost' Sovereignty

Sabah or ‘North Borneo’, as it was formerly known, used to be part of the domain of the Sultanate of Sulu. Sabah was ceded to the British North Borneo Company in 1878 by the Sulu Sultanate and upon independence, Sabah joined the Federation of Malaysia in 1963 and remained as a Malaysian province until today. The Sulu Sultanate was finally annexed as part of the Philippines by the American colonial government in 1915. Nevertheless, as a successor state of the Sulu Sultanate, the Philippines had never relinquished its claim over Sabah. The territorial intrusion by the Royal Army of the Sulu Sultanate in 2013 into Sabah has sparked unease amongst both Sabahans and the Malaysian government. The Sultan of Sulu claimed that Sabah has always been part of his kingdom. Is this claim valid under international law?
The role of spiritual leadership in improving employee performance

This study explores the role of spiritual leadership in enhancing employee performance. The purpose of this research is to understand how spiritual leadership contributes and influences the improvement of employee performance. The research methodology employed is a literature study using a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques involve gathering information from books, journals, websites, and other sources. The findings of this research indicate that to achieve competitive advantage, organizations require various supporting factors, and one of these supporters is spiritual leadership, which aims to build high commitment across all organizational components in achieving common goals. Performance can be understood differently depending on the individuals involved in organizational performance considerations, requiring knowledge of personality or behavior related to the accountable field and the ability to quantify the results. The conclusion drawn from this research is that religious physiological performance (prophetic work ethic) is measured by the use of natural resources, expertise, technology, and capital in an Islamic manner. Religious psychological performance is measured by the utilization of health, social interactions, recognition, and self-improvement in an Islamic way. Spiritual performance is measured by the level of trust, honesty, trustworthiness, and sincere intentions in work and production orientation in an Islamic manner. Spiritual leadership is leadership that brings the worldly dimension to the spiritual (divine) dimension, addressing the fundamental needs between leaders and followers in the organization's sustainability towards shared spirituality, leading to increased commitment and productivity for the organization. The importance of management creating spirituality in the workplace lies in its ability to stimulate creativity, which in turn enhances competitiveness. In fulfilling their roles, employee performance cannot operate in isolation but is linked to the leadership role and the level of motivation obtained by the company. Therefore, leaders in a company should understand the importance of spiritual leadership that can influence employee performance in the company.
Assessing the Impact of Alopecia on Quality of Life, Depression, and Self-Esteem in Saudi Arabia

Objectives The objective of this study is to assess the effects of alopecia on quality of life, depression, and self-esteem in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods We made a questionnaire that included sociodemographic data, type of alopecia, medical aid sought, and whether they benefited from it or not. The study uses the Dermatology Life Quality Index, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and a single-item self-esteem scale to assess the quality of life, depression, and self-esteem, respectively. Results The questionnaire was completed by 403 individuals in total, and after applying the exclusion criteria (only Saudis, from the Eastern Province), 231 participants were included in this study. Of the participants, 49.4% had hereditary baldness and only 9.5% benefited from treatment. Of the patients, 52.4% had higher levels of depression, and 18.2% had an effect on their life. Patients with a moderate or greater effect on their lives had a significant relationship with hereditary baldness. Younger age, being female, being married, having lower income, and having hereditary baldness were significantly associated with higher depression levels (p = <0.05). The study found that as age increased, depression levels decreased and self-esteem scores increased. Depression was linked to lower quality of life, while self-esteem was linked to both lower quality of life and higher depression levels. These factors are interrelated, with age influencing their relationship. Conclusions The results of the study highlight the significant occurrence of depression and decreased quality of life among patients who have alopecia, particularly those with hereditary baldness. It is crucial to provide psychological assistance and counseling to enhance their mental health and overall wellness.
Cryolipolysis of the Arms and Inner Thighs Shows Similar Treatment Outcomes in Chinese Individuals Compared to White Individuals Treated in a Prior Study: The XinCOOL Study

Abstract Background Studies of predominantly White participants show that cryolipolysis reduces subcutaneous fat in the arms and inner thighs, but none have specifically tested for similar outcomes in participants of Chinese descent. Objectives This study assessed the safety and effectiveness of cryolipolysis treatment for noninvasive subcutaneous fat reduction of arms and inner thighs in participants of Chinese descent to assess equivalence to results seen in a prior study of White participants. Methods Replicating a similar study design, participants of first- or second-generation Chinese descent underwent cryolipolysis treatment of arms and/or inner thighs. Effectiveness was assessed using pretreatment and posttreatment photographic review by blinded, independent experts, investigator-assessed caliper measurements, and participant satisfaction 12 weeks posttreatment. Safety was assessed throughout. Results Among 50 enrolled participants, 48 completed the study. The majority of participants (97.9%) were female, with a mean age of 36.0 years and mean BMI of 24.16 kg/m2 (range 19.3-29.9 kg/m2). Overall, 76.4% and 70.0% of pretreatment photographs of arms and pairs of inner thighs, respectively, were correctly identified by at least 2 of 3 reviewers. The mean reduction from baseline in caliper-measured fat thickness was 6.5 mm for arms and 6.6 mm for inner thighs, and the majority of participants (>60%) were satisfied with the treatment. No adverse events were reported. Conclusions Cryolipolysis is a well-tolerated, effective means of noninvasive fat reduction of arms and inner thighs in participants of Chinese descent. The results from this study show similar effectiveness and safety in Chinese participants compared with White participants treated in a prior study. Level of Evidence: 2
Eye Disease Diagnosis and Classification using Deep Convolution Neural Network

Human eye plays a vital role in everyone’s life. If retinal diseases occur it could cause complete or partial vision loss. Objective: To overcome that situation, the fundus images can be utilized by the ophthalmologists to automatically diagnose the retinal diseases. At the same time, the development of latest Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, especially Deep Learning (DL) models finds useful for object detection in several application areas, including medical imaging. Methods: In this view, this paper presents an automated DL based multi-retinal disease diagnosis and classification model. The presented technique comprises three processes, such as pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. For feature extraction purposes, AlexNet and Residual Network (ResNet) models are employed. Besides, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Deep Neural Network (DNN) models are applied to classify the retinal fundus images into different retinal diseases. The incorporation of DL models for feature extraction and classification resulted to enhanced diagnostic performance. Findings: A series of experiments were conducted on benchmark dataset and the experimental results are examined under different aspects. The experimental values exhibited that the ResNet-CNN model has achieved better performance with the accuracy of 98.84%, precision of 98.84%, recall of 98.17%, and F1-score of 98.48%. Novelty: With the help of such methods and techniques those latest findings indicate that some human eye diseases which can be alleviated by pharmacological interventions in an easy manner.
2-Dimensional Materials for Performance Enhancement of Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor: Review Paper

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)--based biosensors compete and excel among optical biosensors because of exceptional features such as high sensitivity, label-free, and real-time measurement, allowing the observation of molecular binding kinetics. In SPR biosensors and other biosensor techniques, surface functionalization and bioreceptor attachment are effective strategies to improve sensor performance. The application of an appropriate immobilization matrix for the bioreceptor is an essential step in maximizing the absorption of the bioreceptor on the sensor surface, thereby improving a specific target-sensor interaction. Furthermore, the materials should provide excellent optical properties to enhance the response signal. The high surface-to-volume ratio and high optical absorption of 2D materials qualify these requirements, thus promising advancements for SPR biosensors. This article reviews the recent SPR biosensor study with the use of the 2D materials family to improve the sensor performance, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), MXene, black phosphorus (BP), perovskite, and boron nitride (BN). The materials properties and enhancement mechanisms of different 2D materials are discussed comprehensively. This review was expected to provide a future perspective and design approach for 2D materials-based SPR biosensors.
Effect of Job Demand, Social Support and Decision Latitude on Burnout in Doctors Working in Private and Government Hospitals

Burnout in doctors is a critical issue that has been recognized in recent years. Burnout is characterized as a state marked with mental, physical as well as emotional exhaustion that is a result of prolonged and excessive stress. Doctors, particularly those in high-stress environments such as emergency rooms, intensive care units, and other specialties, are at increased risk of burnout which is due to the demanding jobs. This study investigated the effect of job demand, decision latitude (job control & skill discretion) and social support on burnout after controlling for demographic variables in Indian medical doctors. Burnout was assessed using Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) by Maslach, & Jackson (1981). Job demand and decision latitude were studied using measures developed by Karasek (1979). Finally, Social Network Scale by Lubben (1988) was used to measure social network. The sample consisted of 109 doctors from the city of Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh, India. The data from private practitioners was collected based on convenience whereas for government doctors the questionnaires were distributed through the Chief Medical Officer’s office in Allahabad. Results indicated that job demand, decision latitude and social support were all significantly correlated with job burnout. Type of practice was the only demographic variable significantly predicting burnout. Job demand and decision latitude were significant predictors of burnout. The major limitations of the study were in regards to its sample size and sampling method. The findings from this study hold important implications for researchers as well as practitioners. Suggestions for future research are also given.
Lattice-Stabilized Chromium Atoms on Ceria for N2O Synthesis

The development of selective catalysts for direct conversion of ammonia into nitrous oxide, N2O, will circumvent the conventional five-step manufacturing process and enable its wider utilization in oxidation catalysis. Deviating from commonly accepted catalyst design principles for this reaction, reliant on manganese oxide, we herein report an efficient system comprised of isolated chromium atoms (1 wt %) stabilized in the ceria lattice by coprecipitation. The latter, in contrast to a simple impregnation approach, ensures firm metal anchoring and results in stable and selective N2O production over 100 h on stream up to 79% N2O selectivity at full NH3 conversion. Raman, electron paramagnetic resonance, and in situ UV–vis spectroscopies reveal that chromium incorporation enhances the density of oxygen vacancies and the rate of their generation and healing. Accordingly, temporal analysis of products, kinetic studies, and atomistic simulations show lattice oxygen of ceria to directly participate in the reaction, establishing the cocatalytic role of the carrier. Coupled with the dynamic restructuring of chromium sites to stabilize intermediates of N2O formation, these factors enable catalytic performance on par with or exceeding benchmark systems. These findings demonstrate how nanoscale engineering can elevate a previously overlooked metal into a highly competitive catalyst for selective ammonia oxidation to N2O, paving the way toward industrial implementation.
Porphyroblast-Matrix Relationships: A Case Study from Metapelitic Formation of Shillong Group, Meghalaya, India

Porphyroblast-Matrix relationship is an important way to correlate deformation with respect to metamorphism. Garnet is considered as rigid porphyroblast set in a matrix of quartzbiotite -muscovite schist from Sumer, Mawmaram and Manai areas of RiBhoi and West Khasi Hills districts of Meghalaya, India. Foliations are considered as diagnostic reference fabric, where different generations of garnet from pre-tectonic to post-tectonic were encased during different deformational phases. The main impetus of present work is to study the porphyroblast-matrix relationships in metapelites of the Lower Metapelitic Formation of Shillong Group around Sumer, Mawmaram and Manai areas of Meghalaya, NE India.
Perceived Parenting Style and Their Relationship: Self-Identity and Social Competence among Adolescent Students

This study aimed to study the adolescent student’s perceived parenting style, and their relationship to the concept of self-identity and social competence among adolescent students in Jordan. To achieve these goals, the study followed the descriptive method and Pearson correlation analysis, with a questionnaire as a study tool. This was applied to a sample made up of 500 public school students in Jordan for the age group between 14-15 years. The study found that the most prominent techniques for parenting for both parents included dialogue, acceptance, bear the responsibility, and cooperation. The degree of the concept of self-identity and social competence was medium. The results showed the existence of a positive relationship between perceived parenting style and self-identity also social competence.
Phenotypic and genetic trends for milk production in Egyptian buffaloes

A total of 3495 records collected from 904 buffalo cows progeny of 174 sires and 470 dams through period from 1990 to 2008 in all Stations belonging to Animal Production Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture were used to estimate the phenotypic and genetic trends for total milk yield. LSM for total milk at different year of calving ranged between 1334 kg and 1692 kg, 1028 kg and 1561 kg, 1209 kg and 1633 kg, 1355 kg and 1415 kg and 1137 kg and 1355 kg for El-Nattafe El-Gidid (NG), El-Nattafe El-Kadim (NK), Mahalet Mousa (MM), Gemiza (G) and Sids (S) stations, respectively. Estimates of the positive breeding value (BV, %) at different year of calving ranged between 40 % and 52 %, 31 % and 52 %, 40 % and 56 %, 37 % and 55 % and 45 % and 59 % for NG, NK, MM, G and S stations, respectively. Annual phenotypic trend for milk production ranged between -11.7 kg and +36.7 kg for S and NK stations, respectively. While, the annual genetic trend ranged between -0.16 kg and +0.6 kg for G and NG stations, respectively. The results of the present study showed that there are increased of improvement of phenotypic and genetic trend in all MM farms from 1990 until now. (Journal of American Science. 2010;6(11):143-147). (ISSN: 1545-1003).
Research Advances in Evaluation on Ecological Benefits on “Grain for Green” Program

Based on literature review and discussion about the concept of "Grain for Green" program,the necessity and the urgency to evaluate the ecological benefits of the project were analyzed,and the present status and the research methodology for evaluation on ecological benefits produced by the program of "Grain for Green" both at home and abroad were elaborated.The problems occurred in the benefit evaluation on the program were analyzed,and the relevant development tendency was discussed.