Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cellular Localization of Predicted Transmembrane and Soluble Chemoreceptors in Sinorhizobium meliloti

ABSTRACT Bacterial chemoreceptors primarily locate in clusters at the cell pole, where they form large sensory complexes which recruit cytoplasmic components of the signaling pathway. The genome of the soil bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti encodes seven transmembrane and two soluble chemoreceptors. We have investigated the localization of all nine chemoreceptors in vivo using genome-encoded fusions to a variant of the enhanced green fluorescent protein and to monomeric red fluorescent protein. Six of the transmembrane (McpT to McpX and McpZ) and both soluble (McpY and IcpA) receptors localize to the cell pole. Only McpS, encoded from the symbiotic plasmid pSymA, is evenly distributed in the cell. While the synthesis of all polar localized receptors is confined to exponential growth correlating with the motility phase of cells, McpS is only weakly expressed throughout cell culture growth. Therefore, motile S. meliloti cells form one major chemotaxis cluster that harbors all chemoreceptors except for McpS. Colocalization and deletion analysis demonstrated that formation of polar foci by the majority of receptors is dependent on other chemoreceptors and that receptor clusters are stabilized by the presence of the chemotaxis proteins CheA and CheW. The transmembrane McpV and the soluble IcpA localize to the pole independently of CheA and CheW. However, in mutant strains McpV formed delocalized polar caps that spread throughout the cell membrane while IcpA exhibited increased bipolarity. Immunoblotting of fractionated cells revealed that IcpA, which lacks any hydrophobic domains, nevertheless is associated to the cell membrane.
Can black-hole MACHO binaries be detected by the Brazilian spherical antenna?

Different studies show that dark matter of non-baryonic origin might exist. There is experimental evidence that at least one form of dark matter has been detected through microlensing effects. This form of dark matter is named MACHOs (massive astrophysical compact halo objects). The MACHO collaboration estimated that the masses of these objects are to be in the range 0.15–0.95M⊙, where the most probable mass is of 0.5M⊙. Some authors argue that MACHOs could be black holes, and that they could form binary systems, BHMACHO binaries. As is well known, binary systems are sources of gravitational waves. The Brazilian spherical antenna will operate in the frequency band of 3.0–3.4 kHz, sensitive to binaries of a pair of 0.5M⊙ black holes just before coalescing. In the present work we study the detectability of these putative BHMACHO binaries by the Brazilian spherical antenna Mario Schenberg.
Analysis of Cerebellar Development in math1 Null Embryos and Chimeras

The cerebellar granule cell is the most numerous neuron in the nervous system and likely the source of the most common childhood brain tumor, medulloblastoma. The earliest known gene to be expressed in the development of these cells is math1. In the math1 null mouse, neuroblasts never populate the external germinal layer (EGL) that gives rise to granule cells. In this study, we examined the embryonic development of the math1 null cerebellum and analyzed experimental mouse chimeras made from math1 null embryos. We find that the anterior rhombic lip gives rise to more than one cell type, indicating that the rhombic lip does not consist of a homogeneous population of cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that math1 null granule cells are absent in the math1 null chimeric cerebellum, from the onset of their genesis in the mouse anterior rhombic lip. This finding indicates a vital cell intrinsic role for Math1 in the granule cell lineage. In addition, we show that wild-type cells are unable to compensate for the loss of mutant cells. Finally, the colonization of the EGL by wild-type cells and the presence of acellular gaps provides evidence that EGL neuroblasts undergo active migration and likely have a predetermined spatial address in the rhombic lip.
An Intuitive Interpretation of the Theory of Evidence in the Context of Bibliographical Indexing

Models of bibliographical Indexing concern the construction of effective keywordtaxonomies and the representation of relevance between document s andkeywords. The theory of evidence concerns the elicitation and manipulation ofdegrees of belief rendered by multiple sources of evidence to a common set ofpropositions. The paper presents a formal framework in which adaptive taxonomiesand probabilistic indexing are induced dynamically by the relevanceopinions of the library's patrons. Different measures of relevance and mechanismsfor combining them are presented and shown to be isomorphic to thebelief functions and combination rules of the theory of evidence. The paperthus has two objectives: (i) to treat formally slippery concepts like probabilisticindexing and average relevance, and (ii) to provide an intuitive justificationto the Dempster Shafer theory of evidence, using bibliographical indexing as acanonical example.
Evaluation of Standard Chemotherapy in the Guinea Pig Model of Tuberculosis

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was 2-fold. First, we evaluated standard chemotherapy in the guinea pig model of tuberculosis to determine if this animal species could productively be used for this purpose. Second, given the similarities of the pathology of disease in guinea pigs and humans, we wished to evaluate additional parameters, including magnetic resonance imaging, microscopy, and cytokine expression and lymphocyte phenotypes, in response to an infection treated with drug therapy. This study shows that conventional rifampin-isoniazid-pyrazinamide chemotherapy significantly decreased the numbers of the highly virulent Erdman K01 strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with most of the bacilli being eliminated in a month. Despite this result, bacteria could still be detected in the lungs and other tissues for at least another 3 to 4 months. Resolution of the nonnecrotic granulomas in the lungs and lymph nodes could be clearly visualized by magnetic resonance imaging at the macroscopic level. Microscopically, the majority of the pulmonary and extrapulmonary inflammation resolved spontaneously, leaving residual lesions composed of dystrophic calcification and fibrosis marking the site of necrosis of the primary lesion. Residual calcified lesions, which were also associated with pulmonary lymphangitis, contained acid-fast bacilli even following aggressive chemotherapy. The presence of intact extracellular bacilli within these lesions suggests that these could serve as the primary sites of disease reactivation. The chemotherapy reduced the level of T-cell influx into infected tissues and was accompanied by a large and sustained increase in TH1 cytokine expression. Chemotherapy also prevented the emergence in lung tissues of high levels of interleukin-10 and Foxp3-positive cells, known markers of regulatory T cells.
Multi-shooter localization using finite point process

A finite point process approach to multi-shooter localization from gunfire events is presented. After modeling the measurements as a Poisson point process, we propose a twofold scheme that includes an expectation maximization algorithm to estimate the target locations for a given number of targets and an information theoretic algorithm to select the number of targets. The proposed localization scheme does not require solving the data association problem and can account for clutter noise as well as missed detections. The optimal subpattern assignment metric is used to assess the performance and accuracy of the proposed localization algorithm. Implementation of the proposed algorithm on experimental data yields desirable results.
USE CONTROLS: A SIMULATION STUDY

This study assesses the macroeconomic effects of minimum-lot-size requirements and building permit caps that have been implemented by some of the suburban municipalities in the Chicago metropolitan area. This is accomplished by using the spatial regional econometric inputoutput framework, which overcomes the shortcomings of traditional top-down approach to vertical regional economy – land use integration. The model simulation results reveal that the reactive land use regulations (minimum lot size zoning and permit caps), which bind local housing supply and population growth within the jurisdictions, 1) dampen the pace of regional economic growth considerably, although the actions are sometimes favorable to the long-term prosperity of the individual implementing municipalities; 2) tend to generate disproportionate impacts on different sectors of the economy – i.e. local sectors, which heavily depend on household expenditures, are affected more strenuously; and 3) induce effects that vary substantially by location and timing of the implementation.
malWASH: Washing Malware to Evade Dynamic Analysis

Hiding malware processes from fingerprinting is challenging. Current techniques like metamorphic algorithms and diversity generate different instances of a program, protecting it against static detection. Unfortunately, all existing techniques are prone to detection through behavioral analysis - a runtime analysis that records behavior (e.g., through system call invocations), and can detect executing diversified programs like malware. We present malWASH, a dynamic diversification engine that executes an arbitrary program without being detected by dynamic analysis tools. Target programs are chopped into small components that are then executed in the context of other processes, hiding the behavior of the original program in a stream of benign behavior of a large number of processes. A scheduler connects these components and transfers state between the different processes. The execution of the benign processes is not impacted. Furthermore, malWASH ensures that the executing program remains persistent, complicating the removal process.
Perivascular adipose tissue-derived visfatin is a vascular smooth muscle cell growth factor: role of nicotinamide mononucleotide.

AIMS Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) contraction and stimulates VSMC proliferation by releasing protein factors. The present study was to determine whether visfatin is involved in these paracrine actions of PVAT, and if so, to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Visfatin was preferentially expressed in Sprague-Dawley rat and monkey aortic PVAT, compared with subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues. The PVAT-derived visfatin was found to be a VSMC growth factor rather than a VSMC relaxing factor, which was proved by visfatin-specific antibody/inhibitor and direct observation of recombinant visfatin. Exogenous visfatin stimulated VSMC proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK 1/2) and p38 signalling pathways. This proliferative effect was further confirmed by enhancement of DNA synthesis and upregulation of proliferative marker Ki-67. Visfatin had no anti-apoptotic effect on normal cultured VSMCs, and it exerted an anti-apoptotic effect only during cell apoptosis induced by H2O2, excluding a role of anti-apoptosis in the visfatin-induced VSMC proliferation. Insulin receptor knockdown did not show any action on the visfatin effect. However, visfatin acted as a nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase to biosynthesize nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), which mediated proliferative signalling pathways and cell proliferation similar to the visfatin effect. CONCLUSION Visfatin stimulates VSMC proliferation via NMN-mediated ERK1/2 and p38 signalling. The present study provides a molecular link of visfatin to the paracrine action of PVAT, demonstrates a novel function of visfatin in promoting VSMC proliferation, and reveals NMN as a novel signalling molecule that triggers the proliferative process.
Deep sensing for future 5G communications with mobile primary users

A promising joint estimation paradigm, namely deep sensing, is proposed for more challenging spectrum-location awareness 5G applications. A major innovation of the new sensing algorithm is that the mutual interruption between two unknown quantities, i.e. unknown primary states and its moving locations, is fully considered. A unified system model is formulated relying on the dynamic state-space approach, by taking two coupling hidden states into accounts. A random finite set (RFS) inspired Bayesian algorithm is suggested to estimate unknown PU states recursively accompanying its time-varying locations. To avoid the mis-tracking aroused by the intermittent disappearance of PU, an adaptive horizon expanding (AHE) mechanism is designed. Experiments also validate the proposed scheme.
Using feedback in a regulatory network computational device

The relationship between the genotype and the phenotype in Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) is a recurrent issue among researchers. Based on our current understanding of the multitude of the regulatory mechanisms that are fundamental in both processes of inheritance and of development in natural systems, some researchers start exploring computationally this new insight, including those mechanism in the EA. The Artificial Gene Regulatory (ARN) model, proposed by Wolfgang Banzhaf was one of the first tentatives. Following his seminal work some variants were proposed with increased capabilities. In this paper, we present another modification of this model, consisting in the use the regulatory network as a computational device where feedback edges are used. Using two classical benchmarks, the n-bit parity and the Fibonacci sequence problems, we show experimentally the effectiveness of the proposal.
Blue and infrared light curves of the mysterious pre-main-sequence star V582 Mon (KH 15D) from 1955 to 1970

In recent years, an increasing number of publications have been devoted to the peculiar and mysterious pre-main-sequence star V582 Mon, also known as KH 15D. This extraordinary T Tauri star, located in the young star cluster NGC 2264, appears to be an eclipsing variable. In the present paper, we report a unique and self-consistent set of light curves in the blue and near-infrared (IR) bands, spanning a 15-yr interval (epoch 1955-1970). Our photometric data show clearly that the beginning of the eclipse stage occurred in early 1958 in the blue, and perhaps around 4 yr later in the IR. The light-curve period turns out to be the same reported by recent observations (about 48.3 d), so that no evidence for a period change results. On the other hand, in our data the light-curve shape appears to be sinusoidal and is therefore different from the one displayed today. The photometric behaviour, determined with time-series and colour-index analysis, suggests that V582 Mon (KH 15D) could initially be surrounded by an accretion disc/torus seen edge-on, with subsequent thin dust formation at the beginning of the blue radiation absorption. The dust could then aggregate into larger particles providing the transition between selective and total absorption, accompanied with eclipsing variability in the IR. The minima of the periodic light curve become deeper owing to the increasing dimension and number of dust grains, and then flatten owing to a contraction in the disc.
Student Outcomes of Eco-Restoration Service-Learning Experiences in Urban Woodlands

Service learning with ecological restoration projects can positively affect participants’ attitudes, behaviors, and learning, but little is known about the longevity of these effects. Furthermore, urban green spaces are an understudied, yet increasingly important, context for eco-restoration service learning. This study examined the persistence of student outcomes of eco-restoration service-learning experiences in an urban woodland. Undergraduate courses from the Departments of Biology and Recreation, Park, and Tourism Studies at Indiana University partnered with the Bloomington Urban Woodlands Project (BUWP) to restore native woodland habitat and conduct public outreach. Phenomenological analysis of student interviews demonstrated that service-learning experiences improved learning outcomes and encouraged and reinforced pro-environmental attitudes up to 14 months later. Results also demonstrate the applicability of an environmental interpretation behavior change model to college-level instruction.
Strategic Demands on Information Services in Uncertain Businesses: A Layer-Based Framework from a Value Network Perspective

Current dynamic and turbulent markets require flexible business processes that increasingly depend on fast and reliable information flows between heterogeneous companies. This relies on innovative types of integrated applications on all layers - technological, organizational and process-related - and a holistic managerial framework to establish a smoothly operating layer integration. Thus, we first characterize actual business requirements - especially regarding business attributes such as complexity, flexibility and a heterarchical system behavior from a value network perspective. Then, we propose a layer-based framework for modeling strategic requirements on information services. We finally draw conclusions regarding the consequences for information and business services and related architectural design principles.
Design of Cartesian Feedback RF Power Amplifier for L-Band Frequency Range

A phase-alignment system is used fully integrate a power amplifier, Cartesian feedback linearization circuitry, and a phasealignment system. The phase-alignment system employs a new technique for offset-free analog multiplication that enables it to function without manual trimming. This paper demonstrates how the phase-alignment system improves the stability margins of the fully integrated Cartesian feedback system. The power amplifier itself, integrated on the same die, operates at 1 GHz and delivers a maximum of 30 dBm of output power into a 50-load. The class AB design for open loop and close loop power amplifier with Cartesian feedback, demonstrated a good linearity of 50 dBc and 80 dBc, respectively. The operating power is 2 W at 1000 MHz frequency.
Translating Aggregate Queries into Iterative Programs

Over the last decade, many techniques for optimizing relational queries have been developed. However, the optimization of queries with aggregation has received little attention. This paper investigates possible improvements for aggregate queries on groups of tuples. We suggest the use of program transformation methods to systematically generate efficient iterative programs for their evaluation. Two transformation steps successively translate a program, which sorts the relation before applying the aggregate function, into an iterative program which performs the aggregation while sorting, thus using less time and space than needed for the execution of the initial program.
Bandpass filter design based on wavelet packet

The experiment simulates a complex signal with several frequencies and the Rayleigh noise signal. We use a bandpass filter based on wavelet packet to analyze the signal. In the frequency domain, the results show that the method can separate any frequency signal from the original signal. In the time domain, the method can reconstruct the original signal correctly when the SNR is high, but when the SNR is low, the method can't reconstruct it effectively.
What Difference Reveals About Similarity

Detecting that two images are different is faster for highly dissimilar images than for highly similar images. Paradoxically, we showed that the reverse occurs when people are asked to describe how two images differ--that is, to state a difference between two images. Following structure-mapping theory, we propose that this disassociation arises from the multistage nature of the comparison process. Detecting that two images are different can be done in the initial (local-matching) stage, but only for pairs with low overlap; thus, "different" responses are faster for low-similarity than for high-similarity pairs. In contrast, identifying a specific difference generally requires a full structural alignment of the two images, and this alignment process is faster for high-similarity pairs. We described four experiments that demonstrate this dissociation and show that the results can be simulated using the Structure-Mapping Engine. These results pose a significant challenge for nonstructural accounts of similarity comparison and suggest that structural alignment processes play a significant role in visual comparison.
The impact of portable computers on classroom learning environments

The impact of portable computers on classroom learning environments 5 Current issues and limitations in using the Internet for teaching and learning 1 2 Opening school doors to the real world: A review of literature on computer mediated communication and its role on the creation of constructivist learning environments 1 8 Implementing new generation instructional information management systems: A Western Australian example 2 2 Australian Educational Computing is the refereed journal of the Australian Council for Computers in Education (ACCE) and is published twice a year. Members of affiliated state computer education groups receive the journal. Other residents of Australia who wish to receive Australian Educational Computing should join the appropriate state computer education group as listed below. The overseas subscription rate is A$50 per annum. Cheques should be made payable to Australian Educational Computing. All subscriptions, and all editorial material including press releases, books, software and other products for review should be sent to: ACCE Affiliated Groups Contributions for the non-re f e reed section of this journ a l a re welcomed from teachers and other practitioners. Contributions for this section of the journal be clearly marked, " Not for Refereeing " and should be a maximum of 1000 word s. The editorial panel welcomes contributions in the form of original articles, letters, reports and reviews. Authors should ensure that their manuscript conforms loosely to the American Psychological Association (APA) bibliographic convention. All manuscripts should be clearly printed on one side of numbered pages in a publishable style (eg. diagrams placed appropriately). Apart from the title page no author identification should appear on the manuscript. Figures, tables and graphics should be provided in camera-ready form. Photographs should be black and white rather than coloured. Authors should limit articles to a maximum of 4000 words and include an abstract of 100-150 words. Electronic copy in the form of a plain (unformatted) text file (9cm MS-DOS or Macintosh format, or via e-mail to the editor), should be submitted with the paper copy. Authors should include a brief autobiographical statement. Papers contributed for the Theme Papers or Contributed Papers sections will be anonymously refereed by at least two members of the Editorial Board. All submitted material will pass through an editorial phase to maintain journal standards and balanced coverage. All articles accepted may be published in both print and electronic forms. All material is copyright unless otherwise stated in writing and …