Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In Search of the Ideal Immunopanel to Distinguish Metastatic Mammary Carcinoma From Primary Lung Carcinoma: A Tissue Microarray Study of 207 Cases

Background:Distinguishing metastatic carcinoma of breast origin (MCBO) to lung from primary lung carcinomas (PLC) is a diagnostic quandary with clinical ramifications. Immunostains CK7, CK20, ER, PR, and Mammaglobin as well as pertinent negative stains are utilized but prove insufficient. We set out to identify stains either alone or as a group that would better discern between these 2 entities. Design:Tissue microarrays of 109 MCBO to lung and 102 PLC were stained with CK7, CK20, ER, PR, AR, Mammaglobin, Napsin A, GATA-3, and TTF-1. An H-score was calculated for each case and stain. Results:The highest area under the receiver-operating characteristic curves for each stain was seen with GATA-3 (0.817), Napsin A (0.817), and TTF-1 (0.854). When all possible combinations were analyzed, GATA-3 and TTF-1 proved to correctly classify with the highest accuracy (0.934). Combinations of GATA-3 and Napsin A (0.920) and GATA-3, Napsin A, and TTF-1 (0.933) were not significantly different from GATA-3 and TTF-1. The odds ratios for each stain and combination of stains showed that those for GATA-3 and TTF-1 were divergent, signifying that cases with higher H-scores for GATA-3 and TTF-1 were more likely to be classified as MCBO and PLC, respectively. Conclusions:GATA-3 and TTF-1 can correctly classify a case as either MCBO or PLC in 93.4% of cases. Although highly specific and sensitive for PLC, Napsin A in lieu of TTF-1 or as an additional stain did not improve classification accuracy.
Friends in Need: The Protective Effect of Social Relationships Under Low-Safety Climate

Previous studies have explored the role of social relationships, mainly with the supervisor, in promoting a high organizational safety climate. Not much is known, however, about the effect of social relationships when the safety climate is low. This study explored whether high-quality social relationships could compensate for a low level of safety climate. Hypotheses were tested among 673 employees and 46 managers from 46 departments in 11 manufacturing organizations in Israel. Results of both partial least squares and mixed-model procedures showed that employees’ climate perceptions mediate the relationship of supervisors’ climate perceptions with employees’ safety behavior. In addition, employees’ climate perceptions interacted with the quality of relationships with colleagues to affect safety behavior. However, the quality of the relationship with supervisors did not moderate the relationship between supervisors’ and employees’ climate perceptions. The results suggest that high-quality social relationships with colleagues could buffer the effects of low-level safety climate.
Binge Drinking Among Underage College Students: Role of Impulsivity and the Transtheoretical Model

&NA; A major public health problem facing American colleges is binge drinking by students with adverse effects on academic achievement and self‐fulfillment. The short‐term negative consequences of binge drinking include memory loss, hangovers, and blackouts. Binge drinking has been related to campus problems, suicides, violence, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), heightened aggression, automobile accidents, property damage, and academic failure. This study investigated the relationship of impulsivity to readiness to change binge drinking behavior among college students attending a 4‐year university. The theoretical formulation for the study was based on Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model. Participants were volunteer undergraduate college students from a state‐supported Southeastern University. The students were recruited from undergraduate classrooms, fraternities, and sororities. The volunteer participants were 248 undergraduate college students enrolled in a 4‐year university in the southeastern United States. This study consists of a subgroup, 131 of the 248 participants which were 93 binge drinkers and 38 nondrinkers. Three surveys were administered: the Student Alcohol Questionnaire (SAQ), Barratt's Impulsivity Scale (BIS‐11), and the Brief Readiness to Change Questionnaire (BRCQ). Impulsivity was significantly correlated with binge drinking and the transtheoretical stages of change. Impulsivity can result in a lack of inhibitory control, which is a risk factor for binge drinking. The results of this study suggest that impulsivity may interfere with intentional behavioral change. This study may have valuable implications for the current and future design of alcohol prevention programs at institutions of higher education.
Iron oxide‐enhanced MR lymphography: The evaluation of cervical lymph node metastases in head and neck cancer

Accurate diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis is challenging, even with the latest computed tomography or MR equipment and technique. The lack of definitive criteria for distinguishing metastatic from benign nodes is a serious shortcoming of current imaging options. Dextran‐coated, ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide is a new MR contrast agent, which accumulates in the reticuloendothelial system of lymph nodes. Small iron oxide particles are taken up by macrophages within normal functioning nodes, reducing their signal on postcontrast MR because of the magnetic susceptibility effects of iron oxide. Metastatic nodes, on the other hand, remain high in signal on postcontrast T2*‐weighted gradient echo images. Early clinical experience in cancer patients suggests that iron oxide‐enhanced MR lymphography is a valuable imaging technique that may improve diagnostic accuracy for nodal metastases. This article reviews development of superparamagnetic iron oxide compounds, their imaging characteristics, and clinical experience for evaluating head and neck cancer metastases.
Overall Survival Improvement in Patients with Lung Cancer and Bone Metastases Treated with Denosumab Versus Zoledronic Acid: Subgroup Analysis from a Randomized Phase 3 Study

Introduction: Denosumab, a fully human anti-RANKL monoclonal antibody, reduces the incidence of skeletal-related events in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors. We present survival data for the subset of patients with lung cancer, participating in the phase 3 trial of denosumab versus zoledronic acid (ZA) in the treatment of bone metastases from solid tumors (except breast or prostate) or multiple myeloma. Methods: Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive monthly subcutaneous denosumab 120 mg or intravenous ZA 4 mg. An exploratory analysis, using Kaplan–Meier estimates and proportional hazards models, was performed for overall survival among patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and SCLC. Results: Denosumab was associated with improved median overall survival versus ZA in 811 patients with any lung cancer (8.9 versus 7.7 months; hazard ratio [HR] 0.80) and in 702 patients with NSCLC (9.5 versus 8.0 months; HR 0.78) (p = 0.01, each comparison). Further analysis of NSCLC by histological type showed a median survival of 8.6 months for denosumab versus 6.4 months for ZA in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (HR 0.68; p = 0.035). Incidence of overall adverse events was balanced between treatment groups; serious adverse events occurred in 66.0% of denosumab-treated patients and 72.9% of ZA-treated patients. Cumulative incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaw was similar between groups (0.7% denosumab versus 0.8% ZA). Hypocalcemia rates were 8.6% with denosumab and 3.8% with ZA. Conclusion: In this exploratory analysis, denosumab was associated with improved overall survival compared with ZA, in patients with metastatic lung cancer.
Bayesian compressive sensing and projection optimization

This paper introduces a new problem for which machine-learning tools may make an impact. The problem considered is termed "compressive sensing", in which a real signal of dimension N is measured accurately based on K << N real measurements. This is achieved under the assumption that the underlying signal has a sparse representation in some basis (e.g., wavelets). In this paper we demonstrate how techniques developed in machine learning, specifically sparse Bayesian regression and active learning, may be leveraged to this new problem. We also point out future research directions in compressive sensing of interest to the machine-learning community.
Fair and balanced: learning to present news stories

Relevance, diversity and personalization are key issues when presenting content which is apt to pique a user's interest. This is particularly true when presenting an engaging set of news stories. In this paper we propose an efficient algorithm for selecting a small subset of relevant articles from a streaming news corpus. It offers three key pieces of improvement over past work: 1) It is based on a detailed model of a user's viewing behavior which does not require explicit feedback. 2) We use the notion of submodularity to estimate the propensity of interacting with content. This improves over the classical context independent relevance ranking algorithms. Unlike existing methods, we learn the submodular function from the data. 3) We present an efficient online algorithm which can be adapted for personalization, story adaptation, and factorization models. Experiments show that our system yields a significant improvement over a retrieval system deployed in production.
The Dynamics Behavior and Immune Control Strategies of SIRs Model with Immunization on Heterogeneous Network

In reality networks may have random property, small-world property and scale-free property, so in this paper we introduce the heterogeneous network model. We construct the heterogeneous network based on ER random network, WS small-world network and BA scale-free network. Then we use the random rules to interconnect the three sub networks that generate the heterogeneous network. By analyzing the characteristic network data, we can draw the corresponding degree distribution graph. We study the spreading behavior of the infectious SIRS model with immunization based on the heterogeneous network and two different artificial immunization strategies. Then we perform simulation experiments by using the A(H1N1) type influenza virus in the heterogeneous network. The result shows that artificial immunization can greatly reduce the number of infections even though the network has only a single property, and can obtain more pronounced effect, so as to effectively control the disease spreading on heterogeneous networks.
Evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by pulsed Doppler tissue imaging in mice.

BACKGROUND Diastolic left ventricular (LV) function is commonly characterized by transmitral flow pattern in human beings. Recently, Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) was introduced to evaluate diastolic function. The aim of our study was to validate DTI in the evaluation of diastolic function in mice. METHODS We measured indices of diastolic function using pulsed DTI, and transmitral Doppler and LV pressure and its maximal rate of decrease (LVdP/dt(min)), before and 4 weeks after aortic banding in C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS Peak early diastolic velocity and ratio of peak early-to-late filling velocities, both measured by DTI, were significantly reduced after banding, thereby indicating diastolic dysfunction. Diastolic dysfunction was confirmed by impaired LV dP/dt(min), decreased transmitral early filling velocity, and transmitral early-to-late filling velocity ratio using transmitral Doppler. CONCLUSION DTI detects diastolic dysfunction caused by chronic pressure overload in mice after aortic banding. DTI is suggested to be implemented as part of routine mouse echocardiography for evaluation of LV diastolic function.
The Regulation of Apoptosis in Preantral Ovarian Follicles

Less than 1% of ovarian follicles ever mature to ovulation. The remainder undergo atretic degeneration via apoptosis during development. Though the regulation of antral and preovulatory survival has been studied for many years, very little is known about the regulation of survival and development of preantral follicles. This review discusses recent findings regarding preantral follicle development with emphasis on the regulation of preantral follicle apoptosis.
Legitimidade, Representação e Tomada de Decisão: O Parlamento Europeu e o Parlasul em Perspectiva Comparada

Este artigo destina-se a tracar qual a funcao cumprida pelo Parlamento do Mercosul (Parlasul) no Mercosul. Primeiramente, o trabalho discute a experiencia europeia de fortalecimento da estrutura parlamentar. Em seguida, o trabalho analisa de que forma os atos produzidos pelos parlamentares do Parlasul influenciam na estrategia de fortalecimento da instituicao.
Increasing the Efficiency of Simulation-Based Functional Verification Through Unsupervised Support Vector Analysis

Success of simulation-based functional verification depends on the quality and diversity of the verification tests that are simulated. The objective of test generation methods is to generate tests that exercise as much different functionality of the hardware designs as possible. In this paper, we propose a novel methodology that generates a model of the verification tests in a given test set using unsupervised support vector analysis. One potential application is to use this model to select tests that are likely to exercise functionality that has not been tested so far. Since this selection can be done before simulation, it can be used to filter redundant tests and reduce required simulation cycles. Our methodology can be combined with a test generation method like constrained-random test generation to increase its effectiveness without making fundamental changes to the verification flow. Experimental results based on application of the proposed methodology to the OpenSparc T1 processor are reported to demonstrate the practicality of our approach.
Defining the Plasmid-Borne Restriction-Modification Systems of the Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi

ABSTRACT The restriction-modification (R-M) systems of many bacteria present a barrier to the stable introduction of foreign DNA. The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi has two plasmid-borne putative R-M genes, bbe02 and bbq67, whose presence limits transformation by shuttle vector DNA from Escherichia coli. We show that both the bbe02 and bbq67 loci in recipient B. burgdorferi limit transformation with shuttle vector DNA from E. coli, irrespective of its dam, dcm, or hsd methylation status. However, plasmid DNA purified from B. burgdorferi transformed naïve B. burgdorferi much more efficiently than plasmid DNA from E. coli, particularly when the bbe02 and bbq67 genotypes of the B. burgdorferi DNA source matched those of the recipient. We detected adenine methylation of plasmid DNA prepared from B. burgdorferi that carried bbe02 and bbq67. These results indicate that the bbe02 and bbq67 loci of B. burgdorferi encode distinct R-M enzymes that methylate endogenous DNA and cleave foreign DNA lacking the same sequence-specific modification. Our findings have basic implications for horizontal gene transfer among B. burgdorferi strains with distinct plasmid contents. Further characterization and identification of the nucleotide sequences recognized by BBE02 and BBQ67 will facilitate efficient genetic manipulation of this pathogenic spirochete.
Using Dialogue Journals to Focus on Form.

Dialogue journals have been used in a wide range of educational settings for quite some time. These written conversations between teachers and students are especially well suited for the ESL classroom. This article describes how many of the conditions known to foster second language acquisition are inherent in the dialogue journal. Traditionally, dialogue journals have not been a venue for focus on form or corrective feedback. Given the importance of focus on form in second language acquisition, dialogue journals could serve English language learners even better if some attention to form were included. This article suggests ways that a focus on form can be thoughtfully incorporated without inhibiting the conversational nature of the journal.
Mitochondrial metabolism in Parkinson's disease impairs quality control autophagy by hampering microtubule-dependent traffic

Abnormal presence of autophagic vacuoles is evident in brains of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), in contrast to the rare detection of autophagosomes in a normal brain. However, the actual cause and pathological significance of these observations remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate a role for mitochondrial metabolism in the regulation of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway in ex vivo and in vitro models of PD. We show that transferring mitochondria from PD patients into cells previously depleted of mitochondrial DNA is sufficient to reproduce the alterations in the autophagic system observed in PD patient brains. Although the initial steps of this pathway are not compromised, there is an increased accumulation of autophagosomes associated with a defective autophagic activity. We prove that this functional decline was originated from a deficient mobilization of autophagosomes from their site of formation toward lysosomes due to disruption in microtubule-dependent trafficking. This contributed directly to a decreased proteolytic flux of α-synuclein and other autophagic substrates. Our results lend strong support for a direct impact of mitochondria in autophagy as defective autophagic clearance ability secondary to impaired microtubule trafficking is driven by dysfunctional mitochondria. We uncover mitochondria and mitochondria-dependent intracellular traffic as main players in the regulation of autophagy in PD.
Blood Pressure and Adiposity in Children and Adolescents

Background—Although obesity is associated with important hemodynamic disturbances, there are few data on population-wide blood pressure (BP) distribution in children and adolescents in this era of endemic pediatric obesity. Methods and Results—We conducted a school-based survey of a representative sample of youth aged 9, 13, and 16 years in Quebec, Canada. Resting BP was measured with an oscillometric device in 3589 subjects (80% response). Additional measures included height, weight, and subscapular and triceps skinfold thickness, an age-appropriate questionnaire, and a fasting blood draw. Mean (SD) systolic/diastolic BP (SBP/DBP) levels in 9-, 13-, and 16-year-olds were 103 (9)/57 (6), 113 (12)/58 (7), and 124 (14)/61 (7) mm Hg in males and 103 (10)/57 (6), 111 (11)/60 (7), and 114 (11)/62 (7) mm Hg in females. The prevalence of high-normal or elevated SBP was 12%, 22%, and 30% among 9-, 13-, and 16-year-old males, respectively, and 14%, 19%, and 17% among same-aged females. The prevalence of high-normal or elevated DBP was <1%. In multiple linear regression analysis, body mass index was consistently associated with SBP and DBP in all age-gender groups. Conclusions—Mean SBP and the prevalence of high-normal and elevated SBP are elevated in children and adolescents. Public policy, public health programs, and clinical preventive measures are urgently needed to address the obesity epidemic and its hemodynamic consequences.
Portamento and Musical Meaning

Portamento was a significant expressive device among performers for at least two hundred years; yet, for the past sixty it has made musicians uncomfortable. More than a change of fashion, this suggests responses formed at a relatively deep psychological level. Drawing on work in developmental psychology, and reading in the light of it performances of art music lullabies, it is suggested that portamento draws on innate emotional responses to human sound, as well as on our earliest memories of secure, loving communication, in order to bring to performances a sense of comfort, sincerity, and deep emotion. The decline of portamento after the First World War and its sudden disappearance after the Second is traced to a new emphasis—influenced by psychoanalysis and reflected in writings on music—on darker meanings in music, which can be understood in the light of the reinterpretation of human motives and behavior forced on a wider public by the Second War. Portamento, because of its association (however unconscious) with naive trust and love, became embarrassingly inappropriate. This hypothesis also sheds light on the deepening of vibrato after the War, new objectivity and authenticity in Bach, the rise of music analysis, and the performances and writings of the avant-garde. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to http://www.arts. unco.edu/jmr/ for the following free supplemental resources: eight Sound Clips featuring archival early-twentieth-century recordings of works by Bach, Brahms, Donizetti, and Schubert. Refer to the complete text of the article for specific performance titles and credits. ]
Vulnerability Analysis of Interdependent Scale-Free Networks with Complex Coupling

Recent studies have shown that random nodes are vulnerable in interdependent networks with simple coupling. However, relationships in actual networks are interrelated and complex coupling. This paper analyzes the vulnerability of interdependent scale-free networks with complex coupling based on the BA model. The results indicate that these networks have the same vulnerability against the maximum node attack, the load of the maximum node attack, and the random node attack, which explain that the coupling relationship between network nodes is an important factor in network design.
Cardiovascular Arousal in Individuals With Autism

Despite the hypothesized link betWeen arousal and behavior in persons With autism, there is a lack of idiographic research that directly assesses arousal responses to novel stimuli or social situations in this population. The current study used heart rate as a measure of sympathetic activity to compare arousal responses to the presentation of potentially stressful situations in five persons With autism and five age- and sex-matched typically developing individuals. Findings revealed that the group With autism shoWed significant responses to stressors only 22% of the time compared to the typically developing group, Which shoWed significant responses 60% of the time. Interpretation of these results and methodological considerations for future research on arousal in persons With autism are discussed.
Mannose-Binding Lectin

A recombinant protein similar or identical to human mannan-binding lectin (MBL) with opsonin activity. MBL, a soluble pattern recognition receptor (PRR) collectin in the C-type lectin superfamily, is a plasma protein that plays an important role in innate immunity; MBL contains a carbohydrate recognition domain at one end and a collagen-like stalk domain at the other. Upon MBL binding to mannose residues on mannose-containing polysaccharides (mannans) on the surfaces of microorganisms, activation of the complement system results in the deposition of complement components (opsonization) and the clearance of the opsonized microorganisms by phagocytic cells. MBL is part of the mannan-binding lectin pathway (also known as the Ali/Krueger pathway), which has similarities to the classical complement pathway in that activation of C4 and C2 produce activated complement proteins further down the complement cascade. However, unlike the classical complement pathway, activation of this pathway is not antibody dependent.