Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound Assisted Design of Sulfur/Carbon Cathodes with Partially Fluorinated Ether Electrolytes for Highly Efficient Li/S Batteries

A one-step, eco-friendly ultrasound-assisted process is established for the rapid synthesis of sulfur-carbon composite cathode materials, avoiding the widely used, energy inefficient "melt-down" process for Li-S batteries. It is demonstrated that, without inserting sulfur into pores of carbon, the coulombic efficiency of SC/Li cell in the new DOL/D2 electrolyte is greater than 96% for 100 cycles, which is far superior to the reported numerous electrolyte formulations.
Emodin azide methyl anthraquinone derivative induced G0/ G1 arrest in HER2/neu-overexpressing MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells.

PURPOSE Our previous data have shown that emodin azide methyl anthraquinone derivative (AMAD) triggered mitochondrial- dependent cell apoptosis involving caspase-8-mediated Bid cleavage, and induced proteasomal degradation of HER2/neu by blocking Her2/neu binding to Hsp90. In the present study, we futher investigated the effect of this compound on the cell cycle and related molecular mechanisms in HER2/neu-overexpressing MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells. METHODS The cell cycle distribution was tested by flow cytometry. The expression of cell cycle-related proteins was determined by Western blot analysis; DNA agarose gel electrophoresis was used to examine the apoptosis of MDAMB- 453 cells induced by emodin AMAD. RESULTS After MDA-MB-453 cells were treated with different concentrations of emodin AMAD for 24 hrs, cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase, and the expression of G0/G1 related proteins c/Myc, Cyclin D1, CDK4 and p-Rb changed. DNA fragmentation appeared on the agarose gel in a concentration- dependent manner. CONCLUSION Emodin AMAD induced G0/G1 arrest in Her2/ neu-overexpressing MDA-MB-453 cancer cells. This G0/G1 arrest was associated with decreasing protein expression of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, CDK4, and p-Rb.
Joint despreading and iterative decoding in DS-CDMA system with serially concatenated turbo code and Walsh code

A DS-CDMA system with integrated ECC (error control coding) technique is presented. The encoder is a serial concatenation of a turbo code and a Walsh orthogonal code. An iterative algorithm for MAP decoding is implemented in the receiver. Decoding and despreading are unified through a joint iterative process in terms of exchanging soft information among receiver components. Compared to similar DS-CDMA systems, in the region of signal-to-noise ratios of interest, the proposed system shows excellent performance even at low input block size. This approach suggests a convenient scheme that can be used to implement FEC (forward error correction) in a personal communication system, for applications intolerable to delay.
Quelle opérationnalisation de l'implication pour concilier théories de la motivation et théories de l'implication ? Réflexion en faveur d'une nouvelle échelle de mesure de l'implication dans le métier.

Meyer et al. (2004) ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives de recherche sur l'implication en apprehendant l'implication comme une composante de la motivation. Pour rendre effectives les opportunites ainsi offertes, il est important que les chercheurs disposent d'un instrument de mesure adapte a cette nouvelle approche de l'implication.L'objet de cette communication est de rendre compte des echelles de mesure de l'implication dans le metier, en appreciant leur capacite, a la fois, de refleter la nature motivationnelle de l'implication, et d'integrer les derniers developpements quant aux dimensions de l'implication. En raison du caractere juge insatisfaisant des echelles disponibles, une nouvelle echelle est esquissee. Celle-ci est multi-dimensionnelle. La premiere composante est relative au declenchement de la motivation, et traduit les formes/dimensions de l'implication en integrant deux echelles de mesure contemporaines de l'implication dans le metier – Meyer et al. , 1993 ; Blau, 2003. La deuxieme composante apprehende la direction de la motivation a travers la planification dans le metier. Enfin, la derniere composante reflete l'amplitude et la persistance de la motivation ; elle porte sur la resilience dans le metier. En guise de conclusion, l'auteur dresse des pistes de recherches futures pour tester et/ou perfectionner l'echelle proposee
The Influence of Cultural Factors on Economic Growth: An Expanded Empirical Investigation

Granato, Inglehart, and Leblang (1996a) conducted an analysis which showed that cultural values have a strong influence on long-term rates of economic growth and that a growth model without cultural values is underspecified. We conduct extensions to their work and find that culture appears to affect economic growth only in selected samples at different periods of time. Moreover, we find no evidence that cultural factors should be included as independent variables in growth regressions since cultural models do not encompass economic ones. We test the relationship between culture and growth more robustly by using a 3SLS model which addresses the problem of endogeneity. This model supports the finding that economic variables encompass those representing culture, and the reason for this is that the values that define the aggregate cultural variables changed over time. This indicates that such cultural variables captured phenomena that were related to long-term rates of economic growth in the original analysis but not in the expanded empirical analysis we conduct in this paper.
Dopaminergic and GABAergic cerebrospinal fluid‐contacting neurons along the central canal of the spinal cord of the eel and trout

In anamniote vertebrates the central region of the spinal cord has been implicated in its regeneration. This is a complex region and so as a first step in understanding its possible regenerative role we have examined the organization of the cells that contact the lumen of the spinal cord in two teleost fishes, eel and trout, using immunohistochemical procedures and light and electron microscopy.
Expression and significance of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of patients with different phenotypes of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the changes of immune status and significance in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). METHODS The proportion of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) regulatory T cells in peripheral blood before immunotherapy for 41 patients with GBS (including 29 classic type and 12 variant type) and 42 normal control patients (healthy volunteers) were evaluated by flow cytometry. And molybdenum three phenol red method was used to detect cerebrospinal fluid protein content of 28 patients with GBS (including 19 with classic type and 9 with variant type). RESULTS Compared with healthy control group, the CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) of GBS group had obvious difference (P<0.05). Of which, the CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) regulatory T cells of the classic GBS group had no significant changes compared with the variant group (P>0.05), as well as the cerebrospinal fluid protein content between classic and variant GBS groups. The decrease of the proportion of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) regulatory T cells suggested abnormal expression of immune function in GBS patients. CONCLUSION The decrease of GBS regulatory T cell number or function indicated that the immune regulatory T cells mediated imbalance of immune regulation involved in the pathogenesis of GBS.
Motivation and Emotion in Sport: Reversal Theory

Preface. I Introduction. II Key Elements in Reversal Theory. III Into Sport: Aspects of Participation and Preference. IV Skating on Thin Ice: The Special Attraction of Dangerous Sports V We are the Champions! : Winning and Losing in Sport. VI Up for the Match? : Experiencing Arousal and Emotion in Sport. VII Get Your Retaliation in First: Aggression and Violence in Team Contact Sports. VIII The Feel-Good-Factor: Sport, Exercise, and Psychological Well-Being. IX Over the Top? : Stress in Competitive Sports. X Rethinking the Script: Future Directions in Reversal Theory Sports Research and Practice. Appendix A: Summary of Studies Investigating Dominance in Sport (Chapter III). Appendix B: Summary of Studies Investigating Dominance in Risk Sports (Chapter IV). Appendix C: Summary of Studies Investigating Success and Failure in Sports (Chapter V). Appendix D: Telic Dominance Scale (TDS). Appendix E: Negativism Dominance Scale (NDS). Appendix F: Telic State Measure (TSM) Appendix G: Tension and Effort Stress Inventory
Have Long-term Financial Trends Changed the Transmission of Monetary Policy?

This paper addresses the question of whether and how long-term financial trends may have modified the transmission mechanism from monetary policy decisions to economic activity. The focus is on longterm changes, abstracting from the disruptions created by the 2007-08 financial turmoil which are temporarily affecting the transmission mechanism. The first series of findings is that a number of factors have worked to strengthen the transmission of monetary policy, including more competitive financial markets, higher household indebtedness, greater diversity in the supply of financial products, greater financial integration and more responsive asset pricing mechanisms. However, other factors appear to have simultaneously gone in the direction of weakening transmission of domestic policy, including greater external financial influences, lower exchange-rate pass-through and a broad-based shift towards fixed-rate assets and liabilities. On balance, monetary policy appears to remain a powerful tool for guiding aggregate demand, but a number of changes that have worked to support the strength of transmission have also increased risks to financial stability. Les tendances de fond des marches financiers ont-elles modifie la transmission Cette etude aborde la question de savoir dans quelle mesure les tendances de fond des marches financiers ont pu modifier la transmission de la politique monetaire. L’accent est porte sur les changements de long-terme en faisant abstraction des modifications temporaires du mecanisme de transmission qui resultent des troubles financiers observes en 2007-08. Une premiere serie de resultats indique que plusieurs facteurs ont joue dans le sens de renforcer la transmission de la politique monetaire. Ces facteurs incluent l’intensification de la concurrence sur les marches financiers, l’accroissement de l’endettement des menages, la diversification de l’offre de produits financiers et la plus grande reactivite des prix des actifs. Cependant, d’autres facteurs ont agi de maniere concomitante dans le sens de reduire la puissance du mecanisme de transmission de la politique monetaire interieure. Ces facteurs incluent l’accroissement des influences financieres exterieures, la plus faible transmission des mouvements de change et le plus grand recours aux emprunts et titres a taux fixe. Au final, il apparait que la politique monetaire demeure un outil puissant d’orientation de la demande agregee, mais une partie des changements qui ont preserve la force du mecanisme de transmission se sont effectues au prix de risques accrus pour la stabilite financiere.
β-Amyloid Deposition Is Associated with Decreased Right Prefrontal Activation during Task Switching among Cognitively Normal Elderly

The accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides, a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), has been associated with functional alterations, often in an episodic memory system with a particular emphasis on medial temporal lobe function. The topography of Aβ deposition, however, largely overlaps with frontoparietal control (FPC) regions implicated in cognitive control that has been shown to be impaired in early mild AD. To understand the neural mechanism underlying early changes in cognitive control with AD, we examined the impact of Aβ deposition on task-evoked FPC activation using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in humans. Forty-three young and 62 cognitively normal older adults underwent an fMRI session during an executive contextual task in which task difficulty varied: single (either letter case or vowel/consonant judgment task) vs dual (switching between letter case and vowel/consonant decisions) task. Older subjects additionally completed 18F-florbetaben positron emission tomography scans and were classified as either amyloid positive (Aβ+) or negative (Aβ−). Consistent with previous reports, age-related increases in brain activity were found in FPC regions commonly identified across groups. For both task conditions, Aβ-related increases in brain activity were found compared with baseline activity. For higher cognitive control load, however, Aβ+ elderly showed reduced task-switching activation in the right inferior frontal cortex. Our findings suggest that with Aβ deposition, brain activation in the cognitive control region reaches a maximum with lower control demand and decreases with higher control demand, which may underlie early impairment in cognitive control with AD progression. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides, a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, spatially overlaps with frontoparietal control (FPC) regions implicated in cognitive control, but the impact of Aβ deposition on FPC regions is largely unknown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging with a task-switching task, we found Aβ-related increases in FPC regions compared with baseline activity. For higher cognitive control load, however, Aβ-related hypoactivity was found in the right inferior frontal cortex, a region highly implicated in cognitive control. The findings suggest that with Aβ deposition, task-related brain activity may reach a plateau early and undergo downstream pathways of neural dysfunction, which may relate to the early impairment of cognitive control seen in the progression of Aβ pathology.
Assessment of dementia risk in aging adults using both FDG‐PET and FDDNP‐PET imaging

In a previous study, positron emission tomography (PET) with 2‐(1‐{6‐[(2‐[F‐18]fluoroethyl)(methyl)amino]‐2‐naphthyl}ethylidene)malononitrile (FDDNP), a molecule that binds to plaques and tangles in vitro, identified three subgroups of non‐demented subjects according to FDDNP binding patterns: low global (LG) binding; high frontal, parietal, medial temporal binding (HF/PA); and high medial and lateral temporal and posterior cingulate (HT/PC) binding. In this follow‐up investigation, we compared 2‐deoxy‐2‐[F‐18]fluoro‐ d‐glucose (FDG)‐PET cerebral metabolic patterns in the three FDDNP‐PET binding subgroups.
Number of Encounters and Experience Quality in Grand Canyon Backcountry: Consistently Negative and Weak Relationships

The relationship between encounters and the overall quality of recreation experience is one of the most common research topics in outdoor recreation. Yet after more than three decades of study, there remain divergent opinions about both the nature of this relationship and its implications for use limits. Evidence for a strong influence of encounters on experience quality is weak but it is unclear whether this means the relationship itself is weak or that the methods used to isolate the relationship have been inadequate. This paper explores relationships between number of encounters, crowding, solitude/privacy achieved, and overall experience quality for 185 backcountry visitors to Grand Canyon National Park. In contrast to most past research, we employed a diarylike method to control for variation in person-based effects (e.g., differences in expectations and motivations between individuals) and we used a multi-item scale to capture more variation in total experience quality. Our results indicate that there is a consistently negative but weak relationship between number of encounters and experience quality. In other words, most backpackers were negatively affected by encountering more groups, but the resultant effect was small. This implies that managers should be reluctant to justify use restrictions on the basis of higher quality experiences and that user-based empirical research is of limited utility in grappling with such restrictions. Echoing the 35-year-old suggestions of Wagar, the original student of recreational carrying capacity, a careful understanding of the regional supply and demand for different types of recreation experiences, including low density experiences, are more likely to provide the basis for wise decisions about use limits.
Pleiotropic Effects of Statins on the Cardiovascular System

The statins have been used for 30 years to prevent coronary artery disease and stroke. Their primary mechanism of action is the lowering of serum cholesterol through inhibiting hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis thereby upregulating the hepatic low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors and increasing the clearance of LDL-cholesterol. Statins may exert cardiovascular protective effects that are independent of LDL-cholesterol lowering called pleiotropic effects. Because statins inhibit the production of isoprenoid intermediates in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, the post-translational prenylation of small GTP-binding proteins such as Rho and Rac, and their downstream effectors such as Rho kinase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases are also inhibited. In cell culture and animal studies, these effects alter the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, the stability of atherosclerotic plaques, the production of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, the reactivity of platelets, and the development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. The relative contributions of statin pleiotropy to clinical outcomes, however, remain a matter of debate and are hard to quantify because the degree of isoprenoid inhibition by statins correlates to some extent with the amount of LDL-cholesterol reduction. This review examines some of the currently proposed molecular mechanisms for statin pleiotropy and discusses whether they could have any clinical relevance in cardiovascular disease.
Beyond the Objectivist Conception of Civil Society: Social Actors, Civility and Self-Limitation

What I would like to do in this article is threefold. First, I would like to sketch the anatomy of the dominant perspective on civil society (which I call ‘objectivist’) by discussing its basic postulates. Second, I would like to highlight the main problems that are immanent to this conception. I will try to demonstrate the presence of certain blind spots, erasures and contradictions which are constitutive of this dominant understanding. I will argue for the need not so much to reject it outright but to try to transcend it by incorporating it in a wider and more encompassing framework. The attempt to achieve this constitutes the third part of the article where I propose an alternative conception of civil society that is based upon the orientations of social actors. My argument is that an alternative to the objectivist understanding involves treating civility and toleration as not simply being incidental but rather essential aspects of a proper understanding of civil society. The current literature's focus on non-state organizational capacity needs to be complemented by an analysis of the normative orientations of social actors along five distinct yet interrelated dimensions of civility. The perspective outlined here attempts to combine the ontological parameters of the dominant understanding of civil society with the normative criteria that usually get overlooked. It will be argued that, rather than being occasionally and unsystematically alluded to in passing, the specifically ‘civil’ property of social interactions should be recognized as the formative principle of civil society.
An Improved Collaborative Filtering Based on a Weighted Network and Triadic Closure

Collaborative Filtering (CF) is a successful technique used by the personalized recommendation system. The core of CF is the metric of similarity between two users, which usually uses the Pearson correlation metric. However, traditional similarity metrics have a low accuracy as a result of data sparseness. In this paper, we present a new metric which is based on a weighted network and triadic closure to improve the accuracy of similarity. The weighted network is built on each pair of users and the weight is the number of common rating items. The triadic closure is used to calculate the connection intensity between two users in the weighted network. The experimental results show that the new similarity metric is effective to improve the recommender results.
Gastric Parietal Cell and Other Autoantibodies in the BB Rat

A longitudinal study of circulating autoantibodies in the sera of 48 BB rats was performed by indirect immunofluorescence. No pancreatic islet cell, adrenocortical, or thyroid microsomal autoantibodies were found. However, autoantibodies reactive to gastric parietal cells (PCA), smooth muscle, and thyroid colloidal antigens were identified, PCA were not detected in Wistar-Furth or BB × Wistar-Furth F1 hybrid rats. The range of ages at the time of first appearance of PCA was the same as that of onset of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD) in the BB rats, suggesting that the processes leading to PCA and IDD were occurring at the same time of life in these animals. The presence of PCA was associated with degrees of lymphocytic gastritis and with squamous metaplasia of the gastric mucosa in the oldest BB rats (9 mo of age). Levels of serum iron and vitamin B12 did not differ between PCA-positive and PCA-negative BB rats, nor was achiorhydria found in any rat studied. The identification of PCA (and chronic gastritis) and other autoantibodies in the BB rat suggests that these animals have an underlying autoimmune diathesis. These findings thus provide indirect support for an autoimmune pathogenesis for IDD in the BB rat.
Acquiring an Artificial Logographic Orthography

To date, studies have focused on the acquisition of alphabetic second languages in alphabetic first language (L1) users, demonstrating significant transfer effects. The present study examines the process from a reverse perspective, comparing logographic (Mandarin-Chinese) and alphabetic (English) L1 users in the acquisition of an artificial logographic script to determine whether similar language-specific advantageous transfer effects occurred. Chinese-English bilinguals, English-French bilinguals, and English monolinguals learned a small set of symbols (six nouns and six verbs) in an artificial logographic script. A lexical decision task on the artificial symbols revealed markedly faster response times in the Chinese-English bilinguals, indicating a logographic transfer effect suggestive of a language experience— specific advantage. A syntactic decision task evaluated the degree to which the new language was mastered beyond the single word level. No L1-specific transfer effects were found for artificial language strings. However, when carrying out the same task in the native language, both the Chinese-English and the English-French bilinguals outperformed the English monolinguals, indicative of a bilingual processing advantage. The results are discussed in relation to possible differences in processing styles relating to logographic versus alphabetic languages, variably involving visual versus phonological coding.
Benefits and challenges for platform-based design

Platforms have become an important concept in the design of electronic systems. We present here the motivations behind the interest shown and the challenges that we have to face to make the Platform-based Design method a standard. As a generic term, platforms have meant different things to different people. The main challenges are to distill the essence of the method, to formalize it and to provide a framework to support its use in areas that go beyond the original domain of application.