Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of Bullies and Victims

SUMMARY Bullying studies frequently rely on student self-report to identify bullies and victims of bullying, but research in the broader field of peer aggression makes greater use of other informants, especially peers, to identify aggressors and victims. This study compared self, peer, and teacher identification of bullies and bully victims in a sample of 416 middle school students. Overall, there was poor correspondence between self-reports and reports made by peers or teachers, but consistently better agreement between peers and teachers, in identifying both bullies and victims of bullying. Peer and teacher identification of bullies were more consistently associated with subsequent school disciplinary infractions than were self-reports. These results raise concern about reliance on student self-reports of bullying and bully victimization.
Container-Managed ETL Applications for Integrating Data in Near Real-Time

As the analytical capabilities and applications of e-business systems expand, providing real-time access to critical business performance indicators to improve the speed and effectiveness of business operations has become crucial. The monitoring of business activities requires focused, yet incremental enterprise application integration (EAI) efforts and balancing information requirements in real-time with historical perspectives. The decision-making process in traditional data warehouse environments is often delayed because data cannot be propagated from the source system to the data warehouse in a timely manner. In this paper, we present an architecture for a container-based ETL (extraction, transformation, loading) environment, which supports a continual near real-time data integration with the aim of decreasing the time it takes to make business decisions and to attain minimized latency between the cause and effect of a business decision. Instead of using vendor proprietary ETL solutions, we use an ETL container for managing ETLets (pronounced “et-lets”) for the ETL processing tasks. The architecture takes full advantage of existing J2EE (Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition) technology and enables the implementation of a distributed, scalable, near real-time ETL environment. We have fully implemented the proposed architecture. Furthermore, we compare the ETL container to alternative continuous data integration approaches.
Prognostic significance of post-clopidogrel platelet reactivity assessed by a point-of-care assay on thrombotic events after drug-eluting stent implantation.

AIMS The aim of this study was to determine whether platelet reactivity on clopidogrel therapy, as measured by a point-of-care platelet function assay, is associated with thrombotic events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DESs). METHODS AND RESULTS Platelet reactivity on clopidogrel (post-treatment reactivity) was measured with the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay (Accumetrics Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) in 380 patients undergoing PCI with sirolimus-eluting stents. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was used to derive the optimal cut-off value for post-treatment reactivity in predicting 6 month out-of-hospital cardiovascular (CV) death, non-fatal MI, or stent thrombosis. The mean post-treatment reactivity was 184 +/- 85 PRU (P2Y12 reaction units). The optimal cut-off for the combined endpoint was a post-treatment reactivity > or =235 PRU [area under the curve 0.711 (95% confidence interval 0.529-0.893), P = 0.03], which was similar to the threshold of the upper tertile (231 PRU). Patients with post-treatment reactivity greater than the cut-off value had significantly higher rates of CV death (2.8 vs. 0%, P = 0.04), stent thrombosis (4.6 vs. 0%, P = 0.004), and the combined endpoint (6.5 vs. 1.0%, P = 0.008). CONCLUSION High post-treatment platelet reactivity measured with a point-of-care platelet function assay is associated with post-discharge events after PCI with DES, including stent thrombosis. Investigation of alternative clopidogrel dosing regimens to reduce ischaemic events in high-risk patients identified by this assay is warranted.
Selective Responses to Threat

Extensive work over the past decade has shown that race can bias perceptions and responses to threat. However, the previous work focused almost exclusively on responses to men and overlooked how gender and the interaction of race and gender influence decisions regarding use of force. In the current article, two studies examine the implications of gender (Study 1) and both race and gender (Study 2) for decisions to shoot criminal suspects on a computerized simulation. In Study 1, participants were biased away from shooting White female suspects compared to White male suspects. In Study 2, White participants showed a pronounced bias toward shooting Black men but a bias away from shooting Black women and White ingroup members, providing evidence of a behavioral threat-related response specific to outgroup men stereotypically associated with aggression. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Clinical implications for statin pleiotropy

Purpose of Review Atherosclerosis is a multi-factorial condition involving dyslipidemia that can result in cardiovascular disease. Statins are potent inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis, and in clinical trials, statins have been shown to be beneficial in the primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. However, the overall benefits observed with statins appear to occur much earlier and to be greater than what might be expected from changes in lipid levels alone, suggesting effects beyond cholesterol lowering. Summary of Findings Recent studies indicate that some of the cholesterol-independent or ‘pleiotropic’ effects of statins involve improving endothelial function, enhancing the stability of atherosclerotic plaques, decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation, and inhibiting the thrombogenic response. Many of these pleiotropic effects are mediated by inhibition of isoprenoids, which serve as lipid attachments for intracellular signaling molecules. In particular, inhibition of small GTP-binding proteins, Rho, Ras, and Rac, whose proper membrane localization and function are dependent upon isoprenylation, may play an important role in mediating the pleiotropic effects of statins. Summary The potential clinical implications of statin pleiotropy suggests that perhaps other biomarkers, in addition to lipid levels, should be used to gauge the full efficacy of statin therapy in patients with cardiovascular risks or that statin therapy may be effective in disease states, such as inflammatory conditions, ischemic stroke or cancer, where elevated cholesterol levels have not been shown to be a strong epidemiological risk for these diseases.
Psychosocial treatment compliance scale for people with psychotic disorders.

OBJECTIVE Psychosocial treatment compliance is essential for effective treatment outcomes. A psychometrically valid compliance scale is required for identifying possible obstacles causing treatment non-compliance and testing the effectiveness of compliance therapy. This study developed a scale to measure psychosocial treatment compliance of people with psychotic disorders and established its psychometric properties. METHOD An initial item pool was generated by literature review and contacts with psychiatric professionals. The content validity and cultural relevancy of this scale were examined by experienced researchers, mental health professionals and mental health consumers which resulted in the 17-item Psychosocial Treatment Compliance Scale (PTCS). Some 108 adults with a DSM-IV diagnosis of psychosis verified by certified psychiatrists were recruited from mental hospitals and social service settings in Hong Kong. Self-stigma, self-esteem, self-efficacy, insight and attitudes to medication of the participants were measured by relevant assessment instruments through interviews. Case therapists then filled in the PTCS and recorded their demographic data. SPSS version 11.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor solution (participation and attendance) accounting for 70.74% of the variance. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were 0.90 and 0.96, respectively, for 'participation'; and 0.86 and 0.87, respectively, for 'attendance'. Its convergent validity was supported by the correlational relationships with measures on self-stigma, self-esteem, self-efficacy, insight and attitudes to medication. CONCLUSION PTCS is a reliable and valid scale which may be used to measure the compliance to psychosocial treatment of people with psychotic disorders.
"Whistleblower" or "Renegade" : Definitional Contests in an Official Inquiry

This paper addresses the interpretive dynamics of official inquiries. Beginning with an ideal-typical sketch of congressional investigations, the discussion traces a portrayal of public problems by a committee of the House of Representatives. This leads to the analysis of a hearing in which committee factions struggled to define an Air Force administrator as a “whistleblower” or a ”renegade. ” The hearing is understood as a “certification ceremony” that rhetorically transformed staff discoveries into allegedly definitive evidence. It is concluded that the paper’s conceptual approach can be applied to diverse inquiries that combine documentary research with interrogation of witnesses to generate authoritative findings. Interpretive work on social issues is often accomplished through official inquiries in which researches by investigative staffs are combined with formal interrogation of witnesses. Such investigations generate texts through which inquisitors claim both to articulate authoritative versions of events and to provide authoritative guidance on policy options. For these purposes, public hearings are routinely held, sometimes in an open-ended sequence that facilitates continual redefinition of focal concerns. The products of such hearings are often widely disseminated through mass media. These processes are naturally of interest to symbolic interactionists. The present study sheds light on official inquiries through analysis of definitional contests in one congressional hearing. Conducted by Representative John Dingell’s powerful House Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations (Walczak 1985; Noah 1987; Cigot 1989), this hearing ad
Protein Secondary Structure Prediction based on Wavelets and 2D Convolutional Neural Network

In this paper we propose an approach to use wavelets and 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract features for the prediction of protein secondary structure. A wavelet feature matrix extracted from PSSM profiles is input into convolutional neural network to extract the features. Wavelets extract changing information of PSSM evolutionary matrix, and convolutional neural networks catch the sequence interaction information of residue. The feature maps extracted from last convolutional layer are used to feed to Bayes classifier, in order to build prediction model. The Q3 accuracy 76.9% of ASTRAL dataset is achieved based on 3 fold cross validation experiments using wavelet and CNN features. The performance based on wavelet and CNN features is better than 73.7% of ASTRAL dataset using the original features. Experimental results illustrate that wavelet and CNN features improve the prediction performance.
Subjective, physiological, and behavioral effects of threat and challenge appraisal.

The applicability of R. S. Lazarus and S. Folkman's (1984) cognitive appraisal model of stress was examined in 3 laboratory experiments involving the repeated performance of active (Studies 1, 2, and J) and passive (Study J) coping stress tasks (P. A. Obrist, 1981). Threat appraisals of upcoming coping tasks were positively related to Ss' self-reported task stress. Cardiac reactivity during active coping stressors was related positively to challenge appraisals and negatively to threat appraisals. Vascular reactivity, however, was related positively to threat appraisals and negatively to challenge appraisals
SDL specification of a security architecture for WorldFIP

Fieldbuses are special purpose local area networks (LAN) used to connect all kinds of devices in a factory. The paper discusses security in fieldbuses, and presents a security architecture, such as WorldFIP (World Factory Instrumentation Protocol), for centralized fieldbuses. The discussion takes into account, on one hand, the security services defined by the OSI security architecture, and, on the other hand, the security mechanisms defined by WorldFIP. The discussion shows that there are two critical points for attacking this network: the bus arbitrator and the bus. The paper presents the specification, using the specification and description language (SDL), of a security architecture for WorldFIP based on the RC4 algorithm, which is a lightweight cryptographic stream cipher.
Integration of Light Signals by the Retinoblastoma Pathway in the Control of S Phase Entry in the Picophytoplanktonic Cell Ostreococcus

Although the decision to proceed through cell division depends largely on the metabolic status or the size of the cell, the timing of cell division is often set by internal clocks such as the circadian clock. Light is a major cue for circadian clock entrainment, and for photosynthetic organisms it is also the main source of energy supporting cell growth prior to cell division. Little is known about how light signals are integrated in the control of S phase entry. Here, we present an integrated study of light-dependent regulation of cell division in the marine green alga Ostreococcus. During early G1, the main genes of cell division were transcribed independently of the amount of light, and the timing of S phase did not occur prior to 6 hours after dawn. In contrast S phase commitment and the translation of a G1 A-type cyclin were dependent on the amount of light in a cAMP–dependent manner. CyclinA was shown to interact with the Retinoblastoma (Rb) protein during S phase. Down-regulating Rb bypassed the requirement for CyclinA and cAMP without altering the timing of S phase. Overexpression of CyclinA overrode the cAMP–dependent control of S phase entry and led to early cell division. Therefore, the Rb pathway appears to integrate light signals in the control of S phase entry in Ostreococcus, though differential transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulations of a G1 A-type cyclin. Furthermore, commitment to S phase depends on a cAMP pathway, which regulates the synthesis of CyclinA. We discuss the relative involvements of the metabolic and time/clock signals in the photoperiodic control of cell division.
A Guide to the Esrc’s Whitehall Programme, 1994‐1999

This article introduces a symposium based on the findings of the ESRC’s Whitehall Programme. It describes the Programme’s origins, covering its objectives and themes. It provides a summary of the Programme’s activities and publications. It allows the Programme Director to identify some of his personal highlights under the headings: from goverment to governance; publications; interdisciplinary work; international links and elite seminars. In the conclusions I identify four broad topics for future research: network steering, decentralization, anti-foundational epistemology and methods, and comparing Westminster systems. Finally in Appendix 1, I list all the programme publications so far and, in Appendix 2, I provide a list of projects along with the contact details for the principal investigator.
Proliferation and cytokine production of lymphocytes from Clonorchis sinensis-infected rats in response to stimulators in vitro.

OBJECTIVE To study the rat lymphocyte proliferation, differentiation and cytokine production in response to Clonorchis sinensis infection. METHODS The lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production (IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10) in response to mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), C. sinensis excretory-secretory antigen (ES Ag), C. sinensis crude antigen (crude Ag) and Anisakis larvae antigen were detected in vitro from splenic lymphocytes (SLC) and mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNC) of rats infected with C. sinensis. Statistical analysis was performed by Sigma Plot System. RESULTS Lymphocyte proliferations in MLNC were higher than that in SLC. At concentrations of 3 x 10(6) or 9 x 10(6) cells/well, lymphocyte proliferations were significantly higher in both SLS and MLNC than in the control with cell alone (P < 0.01). At the lymphocyte concentration of 5 x 10(6) cells/well and stimulator concentration of 5 or 10 micrograms/ml, significant lymphocyte activation was observed. Under the same culture condition (5 x 10(6) cells/ well with 10 micrograms/ml stimulator), cytokine IFN-gamma and IL-10 production in vitro increased significantly in MLNC. CONCLUSION Concentrations of 5 x 10(6) lymphocytes/well and 10 micrograms/ml stimulator were selected as the optimal culture condition for activation of lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. Since the production of Th1-type cytokine IFN-gamma and Th2-type cytokine IL-10 was much enhanced from MLNC of C. sinensis-infected rats, it is considered that C. sinensis ES Ag may stimulate lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production in C. sinensis-infected rats in vivo.
Self-Advocacy

You can advocate or stand up for yourself for any or all of the following reasons: Advocacy gives you some stability and a feeling of regaining some control of your life. Advocacy builds confidence because it helps you face challenges that may have seemed too difficult to overcome. Advocacy is a way of reaching out to others. It can be as simple as asking your doctor or nurse for the name of someone to talk with who has survived your type of cancer. Advocating for yourself may make the difference that turns hopeless and helpless feelings into feelings of hope.
Entity summarization of news articles

In this paper we study the problem of entity retrieval for news applications and the importance of the news trail history (i.e. past related articles) to determine the relevant entities in current articles. We construct a novel entity-labeled corpus with temporal information out of the TREC 2004 Novelty collection. We develop and evaluate several features, and show that an article's history can be exploited to improve its summarization.
Evaluating Wrist-Based Haptic Feedback for Non-Visual Target Finding and Path Tracing on a 2D Surface

Precisely guiding a blind person's hand can be useful for a range of applications from tracing printed text to learning and understanding shapes and gestures. In this paper, we evaluate wrist-worn haptics as a directional hand guide. We implemented and evaluated the following haptic wristband variations: (1) four versus eight vibromotor designs; (2) vibration from only a single motor at a time versus from two adjacent motors using interpolation. To evaluate our designs, we conducted two studies: Study 1 (N=13, 2 blind) showed that participants could non-visually find targets and trace paths more quickly and accurately with single-motor feedback than with interpolated feedback, particularly when only four motors were used. Study 2 (N=14 blind or visually impaired participants) found that single-motor feedback with four motors was faster, more accurate, and most preferred compared to similar feedback with eight motors. We derive implications for the design of wrist-worn directional haptic feedback and discuss future work.
‘They’re still children and entitled to be children': problematising the institutionalised mistrust of marginalised youth in Britain

Developing Kelly's perspicacious deliberations on mistrust, surveillance and regulation in this journal (Journal of Youth Studies vol. 6, no. 2 (2003), pp. 165–180), this paper illustrates the pernicious consequences of the British Government's ‘Community Safety’ discourses, as effected through the imposition of Acceptable Behaviour Contracts, upon marginalised young people and their families. By drawing upon and presenting extracts from our recent qualitative research with a sample of young people and their families subject to these contracts, the vacuous nature of contemporary constructs of marginalised youth as ‘dangerous Other’ is laid bare as unintelligible and deleterious to fostering any sense of inclusion and social justice in their lives.
Feckless and reckless or forbearing and resourceful? Looking behind the stereotypes of HIV and AIDS in "fishing communities"

Over the last decade evidence has emerged suggesting that in many countries fisherfolk as an occupational group are at greater risk to HIV and AIDS than the general adult population. This high vulnerability has been explained in terms of the lifestyles associated with fishing and related occupations such as fish processing and trading. Fishermen have been portrayed as risk takers their attitudes and behaviour shaped by the physical and economic risks of the fishing lifestyle. Women in fishing communities often engaged in fish processing and trading and providing food and lodging in fishing settlements are portrayed as being in subordinate social and economic positions and prey to sexual exploitation by cash-rich fishermen. There is a danger in such lifestyle summaries that fisherfolk are characterized as feckless risk takers with a reckless attitude to the chance of contracting HIV. In this article we look at the lives of some men women and children living in a lake-side community in Uganda severely affected by HIV and AIDS to illustrate how existing portrayals of fisherfolk and fishing communities need to avoid stereotypes in order to better inform appropriate health sector and livelihood support measures. (authors)
Intramembrane Proteolysis by γ-Secretase*

γ-Secretase mediates the final proteolytic cleavage, which liberates amyloid β-peptide (Aβ), the major component of senile plaques in the brains of Alzheimer disease patients. Therefore, γ-secretase is a prime target for Aβ-lowering therapeutic strategies. γ-Secretase is a protein complex composed of four different subunits, presenilin (PS), APH-1, nicastrin, and PEN-2, which are most likely present in a 1:1:1:1 stoichiometry. PS harbors the catalytically active site, which is critically required for the aspartyl protease activity of γ-secretase. Moreover, numerous familial Alzheimer disease-associated mutations within the PSs increase the production of the aggregation-prone and neurotoxic 42-amino acid Aβ. Nicastrin may serve as a substrate receptor, although this has recently been challenged. PEN-2 is required to stabilize PS within the γ-secretase complex. No particular function has so far been assigned to APH-1. The four components are sufficient and required for γ-secretase activity. At least six different γ-secretase complexes exist that are composed of different variants of PS and APH-1. All γ-secretase complexes can exert pathological Aβ production. Assembly of the γ-secretase complex occurs within the endoplasmic reticulum, and only fully assembled and functional γ-secretase complexes are transported to the plasma membrane. Structural analysis by electron microscopy and chemical cross-linking reveals a water-containing cavity, which allows intramembrane proteolysis. Specific and highly sensitive γ-secretase inhibitors have been developed; however, they interfere with the physiological function of γ-secretase in Notch signaling and thus cause rather significant side effects in human trials. Modulators of γ-secretase, which selectively affect the production of the pathological 42-amino acid Aβ, do not inhibit Notch signaling.