Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spiritual Formation in Christian School Counseling Programs

This article makes the case that Christian school counselors should be more directly engaged in student spiritual formation. To accomplish this aim, the historical context for the discussion is first explored, followed by a review of contemporary medical and psychological research associating a positive spirituality with healthy functioning across a variety of developmental domains. The argument is then situated within developmental theory and systems thinking as well as the Christian theological—philosophical writings of John Macmurray. Recommendations for improving Christian school counseling practice as they relate to student spiritual formation are included.
Energy-Efficient Baseband Unit Placement in a Fixed/Mobile Converged WDM Aggregation Network

Energy efficiency is expected to be a key design parameter for next-generation access/aggregation networks. Using a single network infrastructure to aggregate/backhaul both mobile and fixed network traffic, typically referred to as fixed/mobile convergence (FMC), seems a promising strategy to pursue energy efficiency. WDM networks are a prominent candidate to support next-generation FMC network architectures, as they provide huge capacity at relatively low costs and energy consumption. We consider a FMC WDM aggregation network in which the novel concept of “hotelling” of mobile baseband units (BBUs) is employed. The so-called BBU hotelling consists in separating BBUs from their cell sites and consolidating them in single locations, called hotels. As a result, the aggregation network will transport both IP (fixed and mobile) traffic and CPRI (fronthaul) traffic, the latter exchanged between each BBU and its cell site. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient WDM aggregation network, and we formally define the BBU placement optimization problem, whose objective is to minimize the defined aggregation infrastructure power (AIP). We consider three different network architectures: Bypass, Opaque, and No-Hotel, which feature different placement of BBUs and routing of traffic. By modeling the power contributions of each active device, we study how and how much BBU consolidation, optical bypass, and active traffic aggregation influence the AIP, for all the three architectures. Our results show that, in our case study, the proposed architectures enable savings up to about 60%-65% in dense-urban/urban and about 40% in rural scenarios.
Design of fuzzy system with linear bounds

In this paper, we derive sufficient conditions under which the single-input single-output fuzzy system is bounded by linear functions in its output. If the fuzzy system is constructed with the complete and consistent fuzzy sets with trapezoid membership functions, we show that the derived conditions are simply the constraints on the consequent part parameters. Then we prove that any continuously differentiable and linearly bounded function in its output can be approximated with any degree of accuracy by the fuzzy system formed with the above fuzzy sets and conditions.
Gas and Dust Emission at the Outer Edge of Protoplanetary Disks

We investigate the apparent discrepancy between gas and dust outer radii derived from millimeter observations of protoplanetary disks. Using 230 and 345 GHz continuum and CO J = 3–2 data from the Submillimeter Array for four nearby disk systems (HD 163296, TW Hydrae, GM Aurigae, and MWC 480), we examine models of circumstellar disk structure and the effects of their treatment of the outer disk edge. We show that for these disks, models described by power laws in surface density and temperature that are truncated at an outer radius are incapable of reproducing both the gas and dust emission simultaneously: the outer radius derived from the dust continuum emission is always significantly smaller than the extent of the molecular gas disk traced by CO emission. However, a simple model motivated by similarity solutions of the time evolution of accretion disks that includes a tapered exponential edge in the surface density distribution (and the same number of free parameters) does much better at reproducing both the gas and dust emission. While this analysis does not rule out the disparate radii implied by the truncated power law models, a realistic alternative disk model, grounded in the physics of accretion, provides a consistent picture for the extent of both the gas and dust.
Social Capital Production in a Virtual P3 Community

The purpose of this study is to examine the relational norms that determine social capital—an intangible resource embedded in and accumulated through a specific social structure. The social structure examined in this study is a virtual community created through text‐based conversations oriented toward peer‐to‐peer problem solving (P3). Empirical results support the conceptualization of social capital as an index composed of the normative influences of voluntarism, reciprocity, and social trust. Membership length was found to moderate the virtual P3 community experience. Qualitative analysis of the community dialogue provides additional support for the characterization of virtual P3 activity as community based.
A model of systems decomposition

The way in which systems should be decomposed so they can be better understood and better designed remains a fundamental problem in the information systems discipline. A number of different decomposition methodologies have been proposed. However, no methodology has emerged as dominant, presumably because the relative strengths and limitations of each methodology are still unclear. Case study research that has compared the methodologies, for example, has produced only equivocal results. In the absence of a theory of decomposition, it is difficult to make insightful predictions about the merits and failings of a particular methodology. Consequently, it is difficult to undertake empirical research that produces compelling results. Accordingly, in this paper we develop a rudimentary model of decomposition that we hope might form the basis of a subsequent, more complete theory of decomposition.
Anthropological Tourism Analysis on Community Participation: The Case Study of Yulong River in Yangshuo

Translation © 2007 M.E. Sharpe, Inc., from the Chinese text: Sun Jiaxia and Bao Jigang, “Shequ canyu de lüyou renleixue yanji: Yangshuo Yulonghe anli,” Guangxi minzu xueyuan xuebao (Journal of Guangxi University for Nationalities), vol. 27, no. 1 (2005), pp. 86–92. Translated by Huiping Iler. Sun Jiuxia is a member of the School of Tourism Management, School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China; tel. : 86-20-84112848; fax: 86-20-8332-5899; e-mail: sjxia@21en.com. Bao Jigang is a native of Gejiu, Yunnan province. He is a professor at the School of Tourism Management, School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; tel. : 86-20-84113082; fax: 86-20-8411-3621; e-mail: eesbjg@mail.sysu. edu.cn. SUN JIUXIA AND BAO JIGANG
Les comportements écologiques des dirigeants des entreprises tunisiennes

A la fin des annees 1980, plusieurs entreprises tunisiennes, en reaction essentiellement a la legislation environnementale, ont commence a elaborer des initiatives environnementales en optant pour des niveaux d’engagements environnementaux differents. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’identifier les comportements ecologiques des dirigeants des entreprises tunisiennes en se basant sur leur niveau d’engagement environnemental. Sur un echantillon de 55 entreprises, les resultats montrent l’existence de trois comportements : defensif, conformiste et citoyen. Les resultats montrent aussi que la taille joue un role dans l’adoption d’un comportement plus responsable. En revanche, aucune relation n’a ete trouvee entre le comportement ecologique et le secteur d’activite.
Environmental isolation, biochemical identification, and antifungal drug susceptibility of Cryptococcus species.

INTRODUCTION The incidence of opportunistic fungal infections has increased in recent years and is considered an important public health problem. Among systemic and opportunistic mycoses, cryptococcosis is distinguished by its clinical importance due to the increased risk of infection in individuals infected by human immunodeficiency virus. METHODS To determine the occurrence of pathogenic Cryptococcus in pigeon excrement in the City of Araraquara, samples were collected from nine environments, including state and municipal schools, abandoned buildings, parks, and a hospital. The isolates were identified using classical tests, and susceptibility testing for the antifungal drugs (fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B) independently was also performed. After collection, the excrement samples were plated on Niger agar and incubated at room temperature. RESULTS A total of 87 bird dropping samples were collected, and 66.6% were positive for the genus Cryptococcus. The following species were identified: Cryptococcus neoformans (17.2%), Cryptococcus gattii (5.2%), Cryptococcus ater (3.5%), Cryptococcus laurentti (1.7%), and Cryptococcus luteolus (1.7%). A total of 70.7% of the isolates were not identified to the species level and are referred to as Cryptococcus spp. throughout the manuscript. CONCLUSIONS Although none of the isolates demonstrated resistance to antifungal drugs, the identification of infested areas, the proper control of birds, and the disinfection of these environments are essential for the epidemiological control of cryptococcosis.
Moments by Which Change is Made: A Cross-Case Exploration of Teacher Mediation and Student Participation in Literacy Events

This five-month qualitative study explored the fluctuating participation and constructions of self of two African-American boys across a variety of literacy events in a third-grade classroom. The boys' experiences prior to their arrival in the classroom afforded them particular kinds of capital but not necessarily the capital privileged in schools. In particular, they struggled with reading and were identified as resource students (i.e., students in need of supplemental instruction). Thus, in many ways, they entered school at a disadvantage. The teacher played critical roles in mediating the boys' participation and their opportunities to reconstruct their identities. Data sources, including expanded field notes, video-and audiotape records, teacher interview transcripts, and artifacts were analyzed using the constant-comparative method, cross-case analysis, and discourse analysis. Guided by notions of cultural capital, positional identities, improvisations, and teacher scaffolding, data analysis occurred in two broad phases: across multiple events and across literature discussion group sessions. Analysis yielded three factors related to their participation: academic requirements, relationships with others, and degree of choice in the task. Of the classroom events explored, literature discussion groups, in particular, offered opportunities for the boys to participate in more active ways. Analysis across literature discussion groups revealed two barriers the boys had to overcome to be recognized as legitimate participants: preparation for the literature discussion groups and learning the conversational norms. The teacher's strategic and timely scaffolding helped the boys negotiate these barriers, making possible important moments when their capital was legitimated and their contributions to the group recognized.
Engaging Instruction in Middle School Classrooms: An Observational Study of Nine Teachers

Observations of instructional practices, teacher interviews, and classroom artifacts were collected in 9 sixth-grade classrooms in 2 middle schools to determine teaching practices associated with student engagement (i.e., being on task, doing thoughtful assignments). The teachers used a variety of instructional practices, with some teachers producing greater engagement than others. We classified 3 teachers as highly engaging (i.e., at least 90% of students were engaged at least 90% of the time), 4 teachers as moderately engaging (at least 50% of students engaged at least 50% of the time), and 2 teachers as low engaging (i.e., less than 50% of students engaged less than 50% of the time). Compared to the moderately engaging and low-engaging teachers, highly engaging teachers used many instructional practices that had the potential to encourage academic engagement (e.g., scaffolding, encouraging strategy use) and did nothing that might undermine engagement (e.g., expressing frustration, providing ineffective or unclear feedback).
CD-MAC: Cooperative Diversity MAC for Robust Communication in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

This paper proposes a medium access control (MAC) algorithm, called Cooperative Diversity MAC (CD-MAC), which exploits the cooperative communication capability to improve robustness in wireless ad hoc networks. In CD-MAC, each terminal proactively selects a relay for cooperation and lets it transmit simultaneously when it is beneficial in mitigating interference from nearby terminals and thus improving the network performance. For practicability, CD-MAC is designed based on the widely adopted IEEE 802.11 MAC. System-level simulation study shows that CD-MAC significantly outperforms the original IEEE 802.11 MAC in terms of packet delivery ratio.
Leadership and Politics: A Case for a Closer Relationship?

In this article I advance the argument that political scientists and students of leadership should engage with each other more extensively. In the first part of the article I look at some of the reasons why political scientists may have treated the phenomenon of leadership with suspicion in the past despite the resurgence of interest in issues associated with leadership in the last 20 years. In the second part of the article I sketch some key dimensions of political leadership and examine a selection of the key political science writings (including some recent ones) on the subject. In the third part of the article I suggest some areas where leadership studies and political science have a mutual research agenda and where gaps in our knowledge might be remedied by collaborative work between the disciplines.
Mg2+ Enhances Voltage Sensor/Gate Coupling in BK Channels

BK (Slo1) potassium channels are activated by millimolar intracellular Mg2+ as well as micromolar Ca2+ and membrane depolarization. Mg2+ and Ca2+ act in an approximately additive manner at different binding sites to shift the conductance–voltage (GK-V) relation, suggesting that these ligands might work through functionally similar but independent mechanisms. However, we find that the mechanism of Mg2+ action is highly dependent on voltage sensor activation and therefore differs fundamentally from that of Ca2+. Evidence that Ca2+ acts independently of voltage sensor activation includes an ability to increase open probability (PO) at extreme negative voltages where voltage sensors are in the resting state; 2 μM Ca2+ increases PO more than 15-fold at −120 mV. However 10 mM Mg2+, which has an effect on the GK-V relation similar to 2 μM Ca2+, has no detectable effect on PO when voltage sensors are in the resting state. Gating currents are only slightly altered by Mg2+ when channels are closed, indicating that Mg2+ does not act merely to promote voltage sensor activation. Indeed, channel opening is facilitated in a voltage-independent manner by Mg2+ in a mutant (R210C) whose voltage sensors are constitutively activated. Thus, 10 mM Mg2+ increases PO only when voltage sensors are activated, effectively strengthening the allosteric coupling of voltage sensor activation to channel opening. Increasing Mg2+ from 10 to 100 mM, to occupy very low affinity binding sites, has additional effects on gating that more closely resemble those of Ca2+. The effects of Mg2+ on steady-state activation and IK kinetics are discussed in terms of an allosteric gating scheme and the state-dependent interactions between Mg2+ and voltage sensor that may underlie this mechanism.
Comparison between cryoablation and irreversible electroporation of rabbit livers at a location close to the gallbladder

Abstract Background The ablation of liver tumors located close to the gallbladder is likely to lead to complications. The aim of this article is to compare the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) and cryoablation in rabbit livers at a location close to the gallbladder. Materials and methods We performed cryoablation (n = 12) and IRE (n = 12) of the area of the liver close to the gallbladder in 24 New Zealand white rabbits in order to ensure gallbladder damage. Serum aminotransferase and serum bilirubin levels were measured before and after the ablation. Histopathological examination of the ablation zones in the liver and gallbladder was performed on the 7th day after the ablation. Result Seven days after the ablation, all 24 animals were alive. Gallbladder perforation did not occur in the IRE group; only mucosal epithelial necrosis and serous layer edema were found in this group. Gallbladder perforation occurred in four rabbits in the cryoablation group. Serum aminotransferase and serum bilirubin levels obviously increased in both groups by Day 3 and decreased gradually thereafter. The elevation in aminotransferase and bilirubin levels was greater in the cryoablation group than the IRE group. Pathological examination revealed complete necrosis of the liver parenchyma from the ablation center to the gallbladder in both groups, but bile duct and granulation tissue hyperplasia were observed in only the IRE group. Full-thickness gallbladder-wall necrosis was seen in the cryoablation group. Conclusions For ablation of the liver area near the gallbladder, IRE is superior to cryoablation, both in terms of safety (no gallbladder perforation in the IRE group) and efficacy (complete necrosis and rapid recovery in the IRE group).
Robust echo hiding scheme against pitch-scaling attacks

The pitch scaling conducts serious attacking on audio watermarked signals because it leads to a desynchronization problem. Based on the proposed analysis- by-synthesis echo watermarking scheme, this work develops a watermark extracting process to improve the robustness performance against pitch-scaling attacks. The positions of embedded echoes are altered in the cepstrum domain due to the pitch-scaling attacks that change the frequency content of audio signals. Hence, it is unable to determine the echo position a priori. In this work, the cepstrum values in a reasonable range of delay offsets affected by pitch-scaling attacks are addressed from auditory point of view. The moving average function is performed on several segments to eliminate the impact of host signals on cepstrum. In this extended range for searching delay offsets, the peak value of the cepstrum is adopted to determine the embedded watermark datum. Experimental results exhibit that the proposed robust echo watermarking scheme can be superior to the conventional audio watermarking schemes under pitch-scaling attacks and other attacks.
The bistable network model of brain ischemia

In a set of four interconnected papers DeGracia presents a novel network-based explanatory framework for conceptualizing the outcome of ischemic injury that deviates sharply from the currently prevailing approach of linear injury superposition. The thorough analysis of the increasing use of network theory in modern biology pro-vides the background for envisioning a new chapter of brain ischemia research which may be able to overcome the present dilemma of stroke treatment.
STAVICTA Group Report for RepLab 2014 Reputation Dimension Task

In this paper we present our experiments on the RepLab 2014 Reputation Dimension task. RepLab is a competitive challenge for Reputation Management Systems. RepLab 2014’s reputation dimensions task focuses on categorization of Twitter messages with regard to standard reputation dimensions (such as performance, leadership, or innovation). Our approach only relies on the textual content of tweets and ignores both metadata and the content of URLs within tweets. We carried out several experiments focusing on different feature sets including bag of n-grams, distributional semantics features, and deep neural network representations. The results show that bag of bigram features with minimum frequency thresholding work quite well in reputation dimension task especially with regards to average F1 measure over all dimensions where two of our four submitted runs achieve highest and second highest scores. Our experiments also show that semi-supervised recursive autoencoders outperform other feature sets used in our experiments with regards to accuracy measure and is a promising subject of future research for improvements.
The Democratization of Art: A Contextual Approach

ABSTRACT Publicly funded museums and art galleries have been called upon to demonstrate their worth as nodes of social inclusion and facilitators of social change. Flagship galleries have been constructed to foster urban regeneration in part aimed at social inclusivity and transformation. A new museology has emerged that is perceived to be intrinsically more democratic for visitors. This focus on the democratization of art in academia and cultural policy is not matched by a focus on robust empirical research. There are few studies that demonstrate successful democratization and little work that considers methodological issues. This article responds to critiques leveled at three conceptions of the democratization of art to develop a fourth conception—the contextual approach. I argue that collecting visitor sociodemographic data is meaningful only in the context of an institution's social construction and the role of art in the everyday lives of visitors and nonvisitors. Understanding that a good life is possible without engagement with high culture must be part of a democratization agenda.
Microtubule Motors Power Plasma Membrane Tubulation in Clathrin-Independent Endocytosis

How the plasma membrane is bent to accommodate clathrin‐independent endocytosis remains uncertain. Recent studies suggest Shiga and cholera toxin induce membrane curvature required for their uptake into clathrin‐independent carriers by binding and cross‐linking multiple copies of their glycosphingolipid receptors on the plasma membrane. But it remains unclear if toxin‐induced sphingolipid crosslinking provides sufficient mechanical force for deforming the plasma membrane, or if host cell factors also contribute to this process. To test this, we imaged the uptake of cholera toxin B‐subunit into surface‐derived tubular invaginations. We found that cholera toxin mutants that bind to only one glycosphingolipid receptor accumulated in tubules, and that toxin binding was entirely dispensable for membrane tubulations to form. Unexpectedly, the driving force for tubule extension was supplied by the combination of microtubules, dynein and dynactin, thus defining a novel mechanism for generating membrane curvature during clathrin‐independent endocytosis.
Cognitive and anatomical locus of lesion in a patient with a category-specific semantic impairment for living beings

The goal of this study was two fold and consisted of:(a) reassessing the extent and the nature of the cognitive defect shown by a post-encephalitic patient (LA) previously reported as showing a category-specific impairment for living beings; (b) obtaining a more precise picture of the underlying anatomical lesions. The experimental study of the cognitive disorders of LA has given the follow ing results: 1. Her category-specific semantic impairment for living beings still persisted even when the influence of confounding factors (such as word frequency or stimulus familiarity) was controlled. Her performance, however, was disproportionately influenced by familiarity factors. 2. The pattern of impaired and spared semantic categories was very similar to that observed by other authors and taken as proof that the “living/nonliving” dichotomy suffers from important, systematic exceptions. Within the “living” categories, “body parts” were selectively spared, whereas within the “nonliving” categories “food” and “m.