Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictive representation of other people's actions in joint action planning: An EEG study

It has been postulated that when people engage in joint actions they form internal representations not only of their part of the joint task but of their co-actors' parts of the task as well. However, empirical evidence for this claim is scarce. By means of high-density electroencephalography, this study investigated whether one represents and simulates the action of an interaction partner when planning to perform a joint action. The results showed that joint action planning compared with individual action planning resulted in amplitude modulations of the frontal P3a and parietal P3b event-related potentials, which are associated with stimulus classification, updating of representations, and decision-making. Moreover, there was evidence for anticipatory motor simulation of the partner's action in the amplitude and peak latency of the late, motor part of the Contingent Negative Variation, which was correlated with joint action performance. Our results provide evidence that when people engage in joint tasks, they represent in advance each other's actions in order to facilitate coordination.
Regulation of the fimB promoter: a case of differential regulation by ppGpp and DksA in vivo

The expression of type 1 fimbriae is dependent on the intracellular levels of ppGpp through stimulation of fimB transcription. Here we show that in contrast to the previously described decreased fimbriation observed in a ppGpp‐deficient strain, DksA deficiency results in a hyperfimbriated state. In vivo assays show that the effect of DksA deficiency on the type 1 fimbriae occurs at the phase variation level because of elevated transcription from the fimB P2 promoter. In contrast, our in vitro transcription studies demonstrate that ppGpp and DksA can stimulate transcription from the fimB P2 promoter both independently and codependently. We provide evidences that the apparently contradictory results from the in vivo and in vitro transcriptional studies are at least in part a consequence of the increased association of the anti‐pausing factors (GreA and GreB) to the RNA polymerase in the absence of DksA in vivo.
On the optimal Space-Frequency to Frequency mapping in indoor single-pair RoC fronthaul

Centralized Radio Access Network (C-RAN) architecture is the enabling technology for the deployment of massive number of antennas essential to meet the requirements of next generation (5G and beyond) mobile systems. In C-RAN the fronthaul links between processing Base Band Units (BBUs) and Remote Antenna Units (RAUs) are conventionally based on fiber optic, although its deployment cost can be excessive. Radio over Copper (RoC) is an alternative/complementary technology for the fronthauling especially suitable for self-powered indoor deployment since it leverages on the pre-existing LAN cables. In this paper we consider a RoC C-RAN architecture as a low-cost bandwidth-efficient in-building solution to guarantee enhanced indoor coverage as required by 5G and beyond mobile systems. In particular, the focus of the paper is to gain insights into the optimal resource allocation to/from the RAU equipped with multiple antennas or multiple radios (e.g., 5G and WiFi) and the cable resources to fully exploit the capabilities of the twisted-pair cable over the last 50–100m. Numerical results validate the proposed method considering a realistic radio environment where the performance of indoor users are impaired by the interference of outdoor non-cooperating cells.
Implementation of Bridgeless Cuk Power Factor Corrector with Positive Output Voltage

A single-phase bridgeless Cuk ac/dc power factor correction (PFC) rectifier with positive output voltage is designed. For low output voltage product applications, the rectifier is designed to convert high input voltage to low output voltage. Due to no bridge diodes required and thus decreased input conduction losses, the rectifier efficiency can be improved. The proposed rectifier operates in discontinuous conduction mode, and the current-loop circuit is hence not needed. In addition, only a single switch is used in the rectifier to simplify the control circuit design. A simple translation method to have the positive output voltage in the Cuk converter is presented in the rectifier to reduce the component counts and the cost. The operational principles, steady-state analysis, and design procedure of the rectifier are analysed in detail.
Automatic SoC Level Test Path Synthesis Based on Partial Functional Models

While system level test was a topic of extremely high interest during the last decades, the cost of the test program development was continuously growing. The restricted capabilities of Boundary Scan (BS) with respect of such modern challenges as dynamic (timing-accurate), at-speed and high speed testing as well as in-system diagnosis of functional failures create considerable troubles for test engineers in production environments. In this paper, we propose a general modeling methodology for automatic test path synthesis for microprocessor SoC-based systems, that drastically reduces the cost of the test program. The new automation methodology forms a complementary solution to traditional boundary scan by overcoming its weaknesses at no investment into system design process.
Facet Joint Biomechanics at the Treated and Adjacent Levels After Total Disc Replacement

Study Design. Biomechanical study using human cadaveric lumbar spines. Objective. To evaluate effects of total disc replacement (TDR) on spine biomechanics at the treated and adjacent levels. Summary of Background Data. Previous studies on spine biomechanics after TDR were focused on facet forces and range of motion and report contradictory results. Characterization of contact pressure, peak contact pressure, force, and peak force before and after TDR may lead to a better understanding of facet joint function and may aid in prediction of long-term outcomes after TDR. Methods. Seven fresh-frozen human cadaveric lumbar spines were potted at T12 and L5 and installed in a 6 degrees of freedom displacement-controlled testing system. Displacements of 15° flexion/extension, 10° right/left bending, and 10° right/left axial rotation were applied. Contact pressure, peak contact pressure, force, peak force, and contact area for each facet joint were recorded at L2–L3 and L3–L4 both before and after TDR at L3–L4. The data were analyzed with analysis of variance and t tests. Results. Axial rotation had the most impact on contact pressure, peak contact pressure, force, peak force, and contact area in intact spines. During lateral bending and axial rotation, TDR resulted in a significant increase in facet forces at the level of treatment and a decrease in contact pressure, peak contact pressure, and peak force at the level superior to the TDR. With flexion/extension, there was a decrease in peak contact pressure and peak contact force at the superior level. Conclusion. Our study demonstrates that rotation is the most demanding motion for the spine. We also found an increase in facet forces at the treated level after TDR. We are the first to show a decrease in several biomechanical parameters after TDR at the adjacent superior level. In general, our findings suggest there is an increase in loading of the facet joints at the level of disc implantation and an overall unloading effect at the level above.
Preempting Humanity: Why National Meat Ass'n v. Harris Answered the Wrong Question

National Meat Ass’n v. Harris is poised to become a significant legal barrier to industrial animal agriculture reform. Although Congress has historically refrained from setting even minimal protections for animals raised in industrial operations, the Supreme Court’s 2012 opinion laid the foundation for expanding Congress’s Commerce Clause authority to set national limits to state animal welfare standards. National Meat asked whether USDA slaughterhouse and packing plant regulations under the Federal Meat Inspection Act preempted California’s newly-raised standards for handling disabled (or “downed”) livestock. In answering this question, the Court misconstrued federal legislative and regulatory history and improperly conflated the state’s animal cruelty regulations with its food safety regulations and the USDA’s food safety regulations. Taking the resulting opinion to its logical conclusion, Congress and the USDA have unprecedented supremacy to limit state farmed animal welfare and anti-cruelty standards.This unfortunate consequence might have been avoided had National Meat asked a better question: Whether California’s welfare standards for downed livestock violated the “dormant” Commerce Clause. Mounting tensions between meat and dairy corporations and organizations representing animal welfare, food safety, and consumer protection interests will eventually force congressional action. Unless its preemptive authority in the area of farmed animal welfare is correctly defined, Congress will continue to impose artificial limits on state police authority to define what is “humane. ”
Dampak Merokok Terhadap Pola Tidur

Abstract: Sleep/rest is one of human needs, sleep disorder such as insomnia can interfere our daily activities. In Indonesia, the prevalence reached 10% of people with insomnia, one primary causes of insomnia is smoking. In Indonesia, smoking population aged ≥ 15 years old reached up to 34,7%. This research is based on analytic survey with cross sectional analytic study. This research aimed to determine the association between insomnia with active smokers. The Population of this study is all of public transport drivers who live in Manado, North Sulawesi. Sample of this study is part of the public transport drivers with total samples 52 participants.The results showed that 23% of active smokers with insomnia. The result of chi-square test showed that there is a significant correlation (p < 0.05) between insomnia and duration of smoking (p = 0.004), insomnia and active smokers (p = 0.023). There is an association between insomnia and active smokers. Keywords: Insomnia, Active Smokers, Duration of smoking. Abstrak: Tidur merupakan salah satu kebutuhan manusia, gangguan tidur seperti insomnia dapat mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari. Di Indonesia prevalensi penderita insomnia mencapai 10%, salah satu faktor penyebab insomnia adalah merokok. Populasi perokok di Indonesia untuk usia ≥ 15 tahun mencapai 34,7%. Penelitian ini berdasarkan survey analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional study, bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara insomnia dengan perokok aktif. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh sopir angkutan umum yang berada di Kota Manado Sulawesi Utara. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah sebagian dari sopir angkutan umum yang berada di Kota Manado Sulawesi Utara. Jumlah keseluruhan sampel yang diambil adalah 52 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 23% perokok aktif terdiagnosa insomnia. Dari hasil uji chi-square penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna (p < 0.05) antara : 1) insomnia dengan lama merokok ≥ 10 tahun (p = 0.004), 2) insomnia dengan perokok aktif (p = 0.023). Ada hubungan antara insomnia dengan perokok aktif. Kata kunci: Insomnia, Perokok aktif, Lama merokok.
GRKs and arrestins: regulators of migration and inflammation

In the immune system, signaling by G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) is crucial for the activity of multiple mediators, including chemokines, leukotrienes, and neurotransmitters. GPCR kinases (GRKs) and arrestins control GPCR signaling by mediating desensitization and thus, regulating further signal propagation through G proteins. Recent evidence suggests that the GRK‐arrestin desensitization machinery fulfills a vital role in regulating inflammatory processes. First, GRK/arrestin levels in immune cells are dynamically regulated in response to inflammation. Second, in animals with targeted deletion of GRKs or arrestins, the progression of various acute and chronic inflammatory disorders, including autoimmunity and allergy, is profoundly affected. Third, chemokine receptor signaling in vitro is known to be tightly regulated by the GRK/arrestin machinery, and even small changes in GRK/arrestin expression can have a marked effect on cellular responses to chemokines. This review integrates data about the role of GRKs and arrestins in inflammation, with results on the molecular mechanism of action of GRKs/arrestins, and describes the pivotal role of GRKs/arrestins in inflammatory processes, with a special emphasis on regulation of chemokine responsiveness.
Institutional Work: Actors and Agency in Institutional Studies of Organizations

List of figures List of tables List of contributors 1. Introduction: theorizing and studying institutional work Thomas B. Lawrence, Roy Suddaby and Bernard Leca Part I. Essays on Institutional Work: 2. Institutional work and the paradox of embedded agency Julie Battilana and Thomas D'Aunno 3. Leadership as institutional work: a bridge to the other side Matthew S. Kraatz 4. Bringing change into the lives of the poor: entrepreneurship outside traditional boundaries Ignasi Marti and Johanna Mair 5. Institutional work as the creative embrace of contradiction Timothy J. Hargrave and Andrew H. Van de Ven Part II. Studies of Institutional Work: 6. Building the iron cage: institutional creation work in the context of competing proto-institutions Charlene Zietsma and Brent McKnight 7. Scandinavian institutionalism - a case of institutional work Eva Boxenbaum and Jesper Strandgaard Pedersen 8. Institutional maintenance as narrative acts Tammar B. Zilber 9. Maintaining an institution in a contested organizational field: the work of AACSB and its constituents Christine Quinn Trank and Marvin Washington 10. Institutional 'dirty' work: preserving institutions through strategic decoupling Paul M. Hirsch and Y. Sekou Bermiss 11. Doing which work? A practice approach to institutional pluralism Paula Jarzabkowski, Jane Matthiesen and Andrew H. Van de Ven Index.
A new high resolution wideband multibeam echo sounder for inspection work and hydrographic mapping

Results from sea trials of the new Kongsberg EM 2040 multibeam echo sounder is presented. This wideband, high frequency echo sounder is described in detail. The echo sounder is designed to meet IHO Special order requirements both for accuracy and object detection. The frequency range from 200-400 kHz gives the possibilities for hydrographic mapping down to 500 meter water depths using the lower part of the frequency range. For intermediate water depth the middle part of the frequency band is used for hydrographic surveying. Detailed inspection work can be performed using the high frequency ping mode where the large bandwidth allows the use of short pulse lengths.
HyQ-A Dynamic Locomotion Research Platform

Articulated robots such as legged robots hold the promise to lead to versatile, multi purpose machines that eventually become useful in many application scenarios such as construction sites, disaster recovery, service robotics and remote inspection. For these tasks a great deal of kinematic flexibility and dexterity is required. As the inspiring examples in biology show, arms and legs are useful both for manipulation and locomotion. Legs become very advantageous for highly dynamic locomotion in severely challenging terrain, i.e. terrain where wheeled and legged system of comparable size cannot go. This fact is easily appreciated by observing cats going about their daily lives, or mountain goats effortlessly bounding up steep rock faces. While this superior all-terrain agility is typically the motivation behind research in legged robots, actual results on robust and versatile all-terrain locomotion are not abundant. To achieve such locomotion, dynamic legged machines with torque controlled joints are required, but they are not available. Active compliance via torque control would allow the implementation of a big range of all-terrain locomotion controllers. Furthermore, such machines would enable the experimental verification of bio-mechanical hypotheses including animal locomotion models, such as the influence of muscle models or spring-mass models. The latter is often used to describe bouncing gaits (running, hopping, trotting, galloping) in animal and human locomotion and robotics [1], [2]. Experimentally obtained data allow the comparison of various gaits and speeds, and have the potential to provide a deeper understanding of animal locomotion, which animal studies using force plates and motion capture systems cannot provide.
Targeting Interleukin 6 Signaling Suppresses Glioma Stem Cell Survival and Tumor Growth

Glioblastomas are the most common and most lethal primary brain tumor. Recent studies implicate an important role for a restricted population of neoplastic cells (glioma stem cells (GSCs)) in glioma maintenance and recurrence. We now demonstrate that GSCs preferentially express two interleukin 6 (IL6) receptors: IL6 receptor alpha (IL6Rα) and glycoprotein 130 (gp130). Targeting IL6Rα or IL6 ligand expression in GSCs with the use of short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) significantly reduces growth and neurosphere formation capacity while increasing apoptosis. Perturbation of IL6 signaling in GSCs attenuates signal transducers and activators of transcription three (STAT3) activation, and small molecule inhibitors of STAT3 potently induce GSC apoptosis. These data indicate that STAT3 is a downstream mediator of prosurvival IL6 signals in GSCs. Targeting of IL6Rα or IL6 expression in GSCs increases the survival of mice bearing intracranial human glioma xenografts. IL6 is clinically significant because elevated IL6 ligand and receptor expression are associated with poor glioma patient survival. The potential utility of anti‐IL6 therapies is demonstrated by decreased growth of subcutaneous human GSC‐derived xenografts treated with IL6 antibody. Together, our data indicate that IL6 signaling contributes to glioma malignancy through the promotion of GSC growth and survival, and that targeting IL6 may offer benefit for glioma patients. STEM CELLS 2009;27:2393–2404
Active efflux of bile salts by Escherichia coli

Enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli must tolerate high levels of bile salts, powerful detergents that disrupt biological membranes. The outer membrane barrier of gram-negative bacteria plays an important role in this resistance, but ultimately it can only retard the influx of bile salts. We therefore examined whether E. coli possessed an energy-dependent efflux mechanism for these compounds. Intact cells of E. coli K-12 appeared to pump out chenodeoxycholate, since its intracellular accumulation increased more than twofold upon deenergization of the cytoplasmic membrane by a proton conductor. Growth inhibition by bile salts and accumulation levels of chenodeoxycholate increased when mutations inactivating the acrAB and emrAB gene clusters were introduced. The AcrAB system especially appeared to play a significant role in bile acid efflux. However, another efflux system(s) also plays an important role, since the accumulation level of chenodeoxycholate increased strongly upon deenergization of acrA emrB double mutant cells. Everted membrane vesicles accumulated taurocholate in an energy-dependent manner, apparently consuming delta pH without affecting delta psi. The efflux thus appears to be catalyzed by a proton antiporter. Accumulation by the everted membrane vesicles was not decreased by mutations in acr and emrB genes and presumably reflects activity of the unknown system seen in intact cells. It followed saturation kinetics with Vmax and Km values in the neighborhood of 0.3 nmol min(-1) mg of protein(-1) and 50 microM, respectively.
Social-aware Matrix Factorization for Recommender Systems

We review and categorize early approaches of collaborative ltering, before moving towards social-aware matrix factorization models for rating prediction, which we will theoretically compare to each other and to the state of the art model SVD++. We derive a generic social-aware facorization model and show how to improve runtime complexities of social-aware matrix factorization models in general. Moreover we discuss various trust metrics to exploit social network information and propose the application of PageRank as a new alternative in this context. Finally we provide a practical evaluation of presented approaches.
A longitudinal analysis of infant morbidity and the extent of breastfeeding in the United States.

BACKGROUND Studies on the health benefits of breastfeeding in developed countries have shown conflicting results. These studies often fail to account for confounding, reverse causality, and dose-response effects. We addressed these issues in analyzing longitudinal data to determine if breastfeeding protects US infants from developing diarrhea and ear infections. METHODS Mothers participating in a mail panel provided information on their infants at ages 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 months. Infants were classified as exclusively breastfed; high, middle, or low mixed breast- and formula-fed; or exclusively formula-fed. Diarrhea and ear infection diagnoses were based on mothers' reports. Infant age and gender; other liquid and solid intake; maternal education, occupation, and smoking; household size; family income; and day care use were adjusted for in the full models. RESULTS The risk of developing either diarrhea or ear infection increased as the amount of breast milk an infant received decreased. In the full models, the risk for diarrhea remained significant only in infants who received no breast milk compared with those who received only breast milk (odds ratio = 1.8); the risk for ear infection remained significant in the low mixed feeding group (odds ratio = 1.6) and among infants receiving no breast milk compared with those who received only breast milk (odds ratio = 1.7). CONCLUSIONS Breastfeeding protects US infants against the development of diarrhea and ear infection. Breastfeeding does not have to be exclusive to confer this benefit. In fact, protection is afforded in a dose-response manner. The more breast milk an infant receives in the first 6 months of life, the less likely that he or she
La representación de estados de creencia en el acceso a información a textos narrativos

Resumen Se analiza si los modelos mentales construidos al leer textos en los que el protagonista presenta un estado mental de creencia (sobre la localización de un objeto o de otro personaje) influye en la accesibilidad de información supuestamente relevante según dicha creencia, y si esta influencia se refleja en los tiempos de reacción al reconocimiento de esa información. Se formulaban dos hipótesis: 1) los sujetos que tenían como ítem de reconocimiento la localización inicial mostrarían tiempos de reacción menores cuando el protagonista apareciera «asociado» a una creencia falsa, y 2) los sujetos que respondían a la localización actual mostrarían tiempos de reacción menores cuando el protagonista apareciera «asociado» a una creencia verdadera. Los datos resultan favorables respecto a la mayor accesibilidad de la localización actual en situaciones de creencia verdadera. En cuanto a la accesibilidad de la localización inicial en situaciones de creencia falsa, los datos muestran una tendencia conforme a lo esperado, pero ésta no alcanza la significación. Se proponen ciertas hipótesis explicativas de este último resultado.