Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhanced nuclear magnetic moments in HoF3

The C1h site symmetry of Ho3+ in HoF3 completely removes the degeneracy of the electronic states. The first excited Stark level is only 5.90 cm-1 above the ground level. This results in there being a large ground-state-induced electronic moment in the presence of an external magnetic field. The electronic wavefunctions of the ground multiplet yield a nuclear magnetic moment enhancement of 651 transverse to the C1h direction. This represents the largest enhancement known to date. The pseudo-quadrupole constant Da and the quadrupole constant P of the Teplov Hamiltonian are found to be 67.30 MHz and -12.25 MHz respectively.
Mixed Slip-Deceleration Control in Automotive Braking Systems

In road vehicles, wheel locking can be prevented by means of closed-loop anti-lock braking systems (ABS). Automatic braking is extensively used also for electronic stability control (ESC) systems. In braking control systems, two output variables are usually considered for regulation purposes: wheel deceleration and wheel longitudinal slip. Wheel deceleration is the controlled output traditionally used in ABS, since it can be easily measured with a simple wheel encoder; however, the dynamics of a classical regulation loop on the wheel deceleration critically depend on the road conditions. A regulation loop on the wheel longitudinal slip is simpler and dynamically robust; moreover, slip control is perfectly suited for both ABS and ESC applications. However, the wheel-slip measurement is critical, since it requires the estimation of the longitudinal speed of the vehicle body, which cannot be directly measured. Noise sensitivity of slip control hence is a critical issue, especially at low speed. In this work a new control strategy called mixed slip-deceleration (MSD) control is proposed: the basic idea is that the regulated variable is a convex combination of wheel deceleration and longitudinal slip. This strategy turns out to be very powerful and flexible: it inherits all the attractive dynamical features of slip control, while providing a much lower sensitivity to slip-measurement noise.
Bayesian MRF Modeling and Graph Cuts for Phase Unwrapping with Discontinuity Phase Flaws：A Comparative Study

Phase unwrapping (PU) is a difficult task commonly found in applications involving interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical surface profile measurements; all of which involve mathematically ill-posed problems. Conventional algorithms exhibit strong shortcomings in PU when phase discontinuity flaws exist. To simulate these situations, we are custom-designed test data with a phase discontinuity flaw. This simulated data is a 3D Gaussian distribution with an arc-shaped notch as a phase flaw. PU is carried out by Bayesian inference and MRF (Markov Random Field) modeling. A graph cut algorithm is employed for optimization with respect to energy minimization. Three other conventional algorithms are also employed and their PU performance is compared. The results show the good performance and effectiveness of the Bayesian MRF modeling method. These experimental results are important references for phase unwrapping problems when phase discontinuities exist.
Hermitian Jacobi forms and () congruences

In this thesis, we introduce a new space of Hermitian Jacobi forms, and we determine its structure. As an application, we study heat cycles of Hermitian Jacobi forms, and we establish a criterion for the existence of U(p) congruences of Hermitian Jacobi forms. We demonstrate that criterion with some explicit examples. Finally, in the appendix we give tables of Fourier series coefficients of several Hermitian Jacobi forms.
A comprehensive study of magnetoresistance mobility in short channel transistors: Application to strained and unstrained silicon-on-insulator field-effect transistors

Magnetoresistance (MR) measurements is used to extract the electron mobility on strained and unstrained thin film fully depleted silicon-on-insulator metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transitors (MOSFETs) with channel length down to 40nm, and in a wide temperature range from 300 down to 20K. In particular the signature of Coulomb scattering (CS) on MR mobility is carefully studied and experimentally clarified. We demonstrate that MR mobility corrected for nonstationary effects can be extracted. The mobility data thus corrected for series resistance and ballistic effects show that an additional scattering really occurs in deep-100-nm scaled MOSFETs. This mobility degradation is effective for both strained and unstrained short channel devices, over the whole gate voltage range. The temperature and inversion carrier density dependences, as well as the analysis of the strain effect on mobility reveal a strong additional CS in short channel devices. Despite this dominant mechanism, a mobility gain as high.
On choosing the appropriate measure of association when analyzing rating scale data

This paper reviewed the current state of the literature on the appropriateness of various correlation measures when data are ordinal. Emphasis was on the use of these measures as input to multivariate analysis. Based on the review, four correlation indexes were further studied via a simulation design. The simulation results indicated that the polychoric correlation outperformed product-moment, Spearman’s rho and Kendall’s tau-b measures on the basis of bias and squared error criteria. The present study suggests that the chapter investigating pairwise correlations may be closed and attention may now be directed towards non-normal data and actual multivariate analysis with correlation matrices.
The Effect of COVID-19 on Distracted Driving: A Survey Study

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant shift in people's travel behaviors and distractions while driving. This paper aims to investigate the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on distracted driving by comparing their behavior before and during the pandemic (from 3/1/2019 to 3/1/2021) in the state of Maryland using a stated preference online survey. Some 158 people were recruited for the survey. Participants were asked about their risky driving behaviors and self-reported distraction both before and during the pandemic. To analyze the results, the Chi-square and post-hoc tests with the Bonferroni adjustment were applied. The results showed that during the pandemic, distraction dropped from 25% to 21%. The highest reported distracted driving behavior during the pandemic was using hands-free cell phones (64%), using GPS (75%), and eating or drinking (57%). The respondents' daily trips have significantly decreased - about 44% below pre-pandemic rates. Moreover, using a binary logistic regression, it was revealed that the odds of becoming distracted among participants who used a handheld cell phone before and during the pandemic were 4.5 and 6.6 times higher than others, respectively. The findings of this study shed light on the causes of distraction before and during the pandemic.
Do plants drive translation reinitiation to dodge nonsense-mediated decay?

This article comments on: Cymerman MA, Saul H, Farhi R, Vexler K, Gottlieb D, Berezin I, Shaul O. 2023. Plant transcripts with long or structured upstream open reading frames in the NDL2 5ʹ UTR can escape nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in a reinitiation-independent manner. Journal of Experimental Botany 74, 91–103.
Accurate 3D kinematic measurement of temporomandibular joint using X-ray fluoroscopic images

Accurate measurement and analysis of 3D kinematics of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is very important for assisting clinical diagnosis and treatment of prosthodontics and orthodontics, and oral surgery. This study presents a new 3D kinematic measurement technique of the TMJ using X-ray fluoroscopic images, which can easily obtain the TMJ kinematic data in natural motion. In vivo kinematics of the TMJ (maxilla and mandibular bone) is determined using a feature-based 2D/3D registration, which uses beads silhouette on fluoroscopic images and 3D surface bone models with beads. The 3D surface models of maxilla and mandibular bone with beads were created from CT scans data of the subject using the mouthpiece with the seven strategically placed beads. In order to validate the accuracy of pose estimation for the maxilla and mandibular bone, computer simulation test was performed using five patterns of synthetic tantalum beads silhouette images. In the clinical applications, dynamic movement during jaw opening and closing was conducted, and the relative pose of the mandibular bone with respect to the maxilla bone was determined. The results of computer simulation test showed that the root mean square errors were sufficiently smaller than 1.0 mm and 1.0 degree. In the results of clinical application, during jaw opening from 0.0 to 36.8 degree of rotation, mandibular condyle exhibited 19.8 mm of anterior sliding relative to maxillary articular fossa, and these measurement values were clinically similar to the previous reports. Consequently, present technique was thought to be suitable for the 3D TMJ kinematic analysis.
Prospective pilot study on the predictive significance of plasma miR-30b-5p through the study of echocardiographic modifications in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels affected by different stages of myxomatous mitral valve disease: The PRIME study

Specific microRNAs expressions may accurately characterize different stages of canine myxomatous mitral valve disease. This preliminary pilot study aimed to (1) describe the clinical and echocardiographic parameters of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels affected by myxomatous mitral valve disease at different American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) stages (B1, B2 and C) and healthy control group (ACVIM A), comparing the parameters collected during the first examination (T0) and the end of the follow-up (T1); (2) assess the association between the values of echocardiographic parameters at T1 and the expression profile of miR-30b-5p at T0. Thirty-five Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (median age 4.29 years and median weight 9 Kg) in different ACVIM stages were included (7 A, 19 B1, 6 B2 and 3 C). Inverse probability weighting analysis was performed to estimate the association of the exposure variable (miR-30b-5p) with the outcome variables (clinical and echocardiographic variables). Time was included as variable. The results pointed out that high levels of plasma miR-30b-5p corresponded to lower values of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter normalized for body weight, end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes indexed for body weight, and left atrium-to aortic root ratio. Hence, higher miR-30b-5p expressions were associated with milder forms of mitral valve disease in our study population. In contrast, the results obtained for the intensity of heart murmur, the mitral regurgitation severity, and the Mitral INsufficiency Echocardiographic score) were not statistically significant. A relationship between high abundance of miR-30b-5p and myxomatous mitral valve disease that appear echocardiographically more stable over time has been demonstrated. In conclusion, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels affected by myxomatous mitral valve disease that at the first cardiologic evaluation showed an upregulation of miR-30b-5p are expected to experience lesser variations on their echocardiographic examination between T0 and T1.
Running a research group in the next generation: combining sustainable and reproducible research with values-driven leadership

Abstract In the summer of 2021, we held a community workshop at the International Congress of Arabidopsis Research (ICAR) aimed at early career researchers and focused on values-based lab leadership. Here, we elaborate on ideas emerging from the workshop that we hope will allow current and future group leaders to reflect on and adjust to the rapidly evolving nature of the academic scientific enterprise.
Adolescent resilience and mobile phone addiction in Henan Province of China: Impacts of chain mediating, coping style

Background As mobile phone use grows, so it brings benefits and risks. As an important part of adolescents healthy growth, resilience plays an indispensable role. Thus, it is important to identify when mobile phone use of an adolescent becomes an addiction. This study proposed to explore the effects of adolescent resilience on mobile phone addiction, and tested the mediating role of coping style and depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS) on phone addiction among 2,268 adolescents in the Henan province, China. Methods The adolescents were surveyed via an online questionnaire, a mobile phone addiction index (MPAI), a depression, anxiety, and stress scale with 21 items (DASS-21), the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents (RSCA), and the Simplified coping style questionnaire (SCSQ), and we used structural equation modeling to examine the correlations and moderation effects. All data analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 and Amos 23.0. Results The results show that adolescences resilience were negatively related to negative coping, DASS, and mobile phone addiction; both coping style and DASS could mediate the relationship between adolescent resilience and mobile phone addiction among Chinese adolescents. The relationship between adolescent resilience and mobile phone addiction in Chinese adolescents was mediated by the chain of coping styles and DASS. Conclusions There is a negative relationship which exists between resilience and mobile phone addiction in this population. In addition, stress, anxiety, depression, and coping style significantly influence the risk of adolescent mobile phone addiction and play an intermediary role in Chinese adolescent resilience and mobile phone addiction.
Mainstreaming global mental health: Is there potential to embed psychosocial well‐being impact in all global challenges research?

Abstract We explore if there is potential to embed psychosocial well‐being impact in global challenges research where the primary aims are not mental health related. We are interested in the use of material practices to deliver impact through routine project activities of working with concrete things together. The UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) gateway to research was searched for information on Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) grants from 2015 to May 2020. Analysis shows that only 3 per cent of projects self‐categorise as engaging with mental health. Thirty‐six non‐mental health GCRF grants were purposefully sampled for diversity, and each was coded independently by two researchers for relevant information. Findings suggest that 50–70 per cent of non‐mental health GCRF projects already engage implicitly, but nonstrategically, with psychosocial well‐being impact; opportunities for psychosocial well‐being impact, from most to least frequent, are community mobilisation, community building, skills development, positive sense of self, positive emotions and sociocultural identity; the presence of material practice from most to least frequent is as follows: (i) interactions between or enactments upon people, (ii) written materials or images, and (iii) objects; when a material practice was present, it was usually considered usable as a focus to enhance psychosocial well‐being. Our study provides evidence that there are low hanging fruit opportunities to impact psychosocial well‐being across Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through routine project activities.
Carotenoids as potential inhibitors of TNFα in COVID-19 treatment

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a multifunctional pro-inflammatory cytokine, responsible for autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. In COVID-19 patients, increased TNF-α concentration may provoke inflammatory cascade and induce the initiation of cytokine storm that may result in fatal pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ADRS). Hence, TNFα is assumed to be a promising drug target against cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. In the present study, we focused on finding novel small molecules that can directly block TNF-α-hTNFR1 (human TNF receptor 1) interaction. In this regards, TNF-α-inhibiting capacity of natural carotenoids was investigated in terms of blocking TNF-α-hTNFR1 interaction in COVID-19 patients with the help of a combination of in silico approaches, based on virtual screening, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. A total of 125 carotenoids were selected out of 1204 natural molecules, based on their pharmacokinetics properties and they all met Lipinski’s rule of five. Among them, Sorgomol, Strigol and Orobanchol had the most favorable ΔG with the best ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) properties, and were selected for MD simulation studies, which explored the complex stability and the impact of ligands on protein conformation. Our results showed that Sorgomol formed the most hydrogen bonds, resulting in the highest binding energy with lowest RMSD and RMSF, which made it the most appropriate candidate as TNF-α inhibitor. In conclusion, the present study could serve to expand possibilities to develop new therapeutic small molecules against TNF-α.
Predictors of Seizure Freedom in Pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas

Objective: Pediatric low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are found in approximately one to three percent of patients with childhood epilepsy. Epilepsy in these patients is often medically refractory and therefore represents a unique cohort with significant morbidity from concomitant pathology. Similar studies in adult patients with low-grade gliomas have identified predictors of seizure freedom including gross-total resection, preoperative seizure control on antiepileptic medication and duration of seizures of less than one year. This study aims to identify similar predictors of seizure freedom in operatively managed pediatric LGGs. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for patients diagnosed with World Health Organization (WHO) Grade I and II gliomas in patients ≤18 years old at a single institution (Indiana University School of Medicine at Riley Hospital for Children in Indianapolis, IN) from 2007-2017. Infratentorial and purely intraventricular lesions were excluded. WHO classification and histologic diagnosis were based on surgical pathology. Tumor grade, location, laterality, seizure status at presentation, and AED requirements pre- and post-operatively were recorded. Chi-squared analyses for independence were performed controlling for age at presentation, resection extent, seizure type, and Engel Class for seizure freedom post-operatively. Results: Forty-two patients met the inclusion criteria. Preoperative seizures were observed in 23 patients (55%). Presentation with preoperative seizures was highly associated with continued seizure burden post-operatively, independent of the extent of surgical resection. Supratentorial location and the administration of prophylactic pre- and post-operative AEDs were associated with Engel Class I seizure freedom. Temporal location was not significantly associated with medically refractory epilepsy compared with extra-temporal locations. Conclusions: In our cohort of pediatric LGGs, we find that patients that did not initially present with seizures and those who were treated with prophylactic pre- and post-operative AEDs, were more likely to achieve Engel Class I seizure freedom post-operatively. Tumors located in the temporal location were not significantly associated with a higher seizure burden than other supratentorial, extra-temporal tumors. Neither extent of resection nor electrocorticography-guided resection correlated with improved seizure freedom outcomes during glioma resection.
Adjunctive granisetron therapy in patients with sepsis or septic shock (GRANTISS): A single-center, single-blinded, randomized, controlled clinical trial

Background: In preclinical experiments, we demonstrated that the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist granisetron results in reduced inflammation and improved survival in septic mice. This randomized controlled trial was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of granisetron in patients with sepsis. Methods: Adult patients with sepsis and procalcitonin ≥ 2 ng/ml were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive intravenous granisetron (3 mg every 8 h) or normal saline at the same volume and frequency for 4 days or until intensive care unit discharge. The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included the duration of supportive therapies for organ function, changes in sequential organ failure assessment scores over 96 h, procalcitonin reduction rate over 96 h, the incidence of new organ dysfunction, and changes in laboratory variable over 96 h. Adverse events were monitored as the safety outcome. Results: The modified intention-to-treat analysis included 150 septic patients. The 28-day all-cause mortalities in the granisetron and placebo groups were 34.7% and 35.6%, respectively (odds ratio, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.49–1.89). No differences were observed in secondary outcomes. In the subgroup analysis of patients without abdominal or digestive tract infections, the 28-day mortality in the granisetron group was 10.9% lower than mortality in the placebo group. Adverse events were not statistically different between the groups. Conclusion: Granisetron did not improve 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. However, a further clinical trial targeted to septic patients without abdominal/digestive tract infections perhaps is worthy of consideration.
Changes of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic genes affect sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli in impaired contractility due to long term bladder outlet obstruction

Introduction The normal biological process that necessitates cell removal greatly depends on apoptosis. Long term bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) causes damaged smooth muscle cells to undergo apoptosis. However, smooth muscle cell apoptosis that BOO causes is not well known in impaired bladder contractility. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate whether long-term BOO could induce apoptosis activities and to obtain an expression profile of apoptosis related genes. Materials and methods We used 10 Sprague-Dawley six-week-old female rats. We separated them equally into two groups: a sham intervention group (group 1) and an eight-week BOO group (group 2). We conducted cystometric evaluation eight weeks following BOO onset, with processing of bladder tissue for PCR array. Every array comprised 84 genes, which were established to contribute to an apoptosis response, cell differentiation and metabolism, and 12 sequences were established for the regulation of loading and the quality of cDNA. We performed real-time PCR. Changes in gene expression presented as a fold increase/decrease. Alterations of more than two-fold constituted the cut-off determining expression. Results Group 2 had a greater bladder weight and Impaired bladder contractility. Immunofluorescent staining with CAS3, TUNEL showed increased in the BOO group. In comparison to group 1, group 2 exhibited an at least two-fold upregulation in five genes, the Bcl-2 (15.1), Birc5 (5.8), Cd40lg (7.5), Il10 (16.2), and Naip2 (13.2). They also demonstrated at least a two-fold downregulation in the PRLR (-18.1) gene. Genes Bcl2ald, Circ5, Cd40lg, Il10, Naip2, and PRLR were among the genes with activity against apoptosis. TNF, STAT3 and TP53 mediated the effect that genes had on one another. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the relative ratios of pro- and antiapoptotic genes determine bladder cell sensitivity cells to apoptotic stimuli in impaired contractility caused by long term BOO. Although we cannot confirm whether this finding is the result of the decompensated phase of the bladder or the process, the gene expression profiles could explain molecular mechanisms of apoptosis in impaired bladder contractility caused by long-term BOO with further studies.