Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Remote Sensing Image Retrieval in the Past Decade: Achievements, Challenges, and Future Directions

Remote sensing image retrieval (RSIR) aims to search and retrieve the images of interest from a large remote sensing image archive, which has remained to be a hot topic over the past decade. Benefited from the advent and progress of deep learning, RSIR has been promoted by developing novel approaches, constructing new datasets, and exploring potential applications. To the best of our knowledge, there lacks a comprehensive review of RSIR achievements, including systematic and hierarchical categorization of RSIR methods and benchmark datasets over the past decade. This article, therefore, provides a systematic survey of the recently published RSIR methods and benchmarks by reviewing more than 200 papers. To be specific, in terms of image source, label, and modality, we first group the RSIR methods into some hierarchical categories, each of which is reviewed in detail. Following the categorization of the RSIR methods, we list the benchmark datasets publicly available for performance evaluation and present our newly collected RSIR dataset. Moreover, some of the existing RSIR methods are selected and evaluated on the representative benchmark datasets. The results demonstrate that deep learning-based methods are currently the dominant RSIR approaches and outperform handcrafted feature-based methods by a significant margin. Finally, we discuss the main challenges of RSIR and point out some potential directions for the future RSIR research.
High-power monomode fiber lasers

The output power of cw monomode fiber lasers, commonly operated far below 1 W, can be enhanced using a double-clad fiber structure. Double-clad fibers can be excited with powerful multimode laserdiode arrays. An output power of several watts has already been demonstrated in a Nd3+-doped double-clad fiber. A further enhancement of the laser power can be achieved by side pumping the fiber. An upper limit of the order of 100 W given by the damage threshold of the fiber can be estimated for a multi-side-pumped system. As for the case of crystal lasers, even more output power in the fundamental mode can be obtained by coherent combination of several lasers. This procedure can be performed by active phase adjustment between identical lasers: The adjustment of the phase can be realized rather elegantly in fibers by squeezing or stretching the fibers with a piezoelectric element. Even if we are still far from the practical realization of a 100-W monomode fiber laser, all the different steps leading to high output power have been demonstrated to work.
Impact of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) of Falling Dust in Urban Area Settings: Status, Chemical Composition, Sources and Potential Human Health Risks

The present work is considered to investigate the sources, concentration, and composition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and associated health risk assessment of road dust in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. The study region included an urban area, strongly affected by traffic, a bare and an industrial area. A total of 50 locations were selected for sampling and 16 different PAHs were determined. The concentration of PAHs in road dust and their estimated lifetime average daily dose (LADD) for adults (human) ranged from 0.01 to 126 ng g−1 and 1950 to 16,010 mg kg−1 day−1, respectively. The ADDing was calculated separately for children (>6), teenagers (6–12), and adults (>12) for all PAHs with each collected sample. Moreover, the average daily exposure dose by ingestion (ADDing) and average daily exposure dose by dermal absorption (ADDder) were more in children (<6 years) as compared to teenagers (6–12 years) and adults (>12 years). Likewise, total equivalency factor based on BaP (TEQBaP) calculations pointed out that PAHs having more benzene rings or having high molecular weight showed high TEQBaP as compared to low molecular weight PAHs. The data revealed that the children population is at high risk for asthma, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and immunity suppression as compared to adults in the particular area of investigated region. These outcomes of this study can be used to deliver significant policy guidelines concerning habitants of the area for possible measures for controlling PAHs contamination in Riyadh City to protect human health and to ensure environmental sustainability.
Quantitative measurement of magnetic moments with a torsional resonator : Proposal for an ultralow moment reference material

We present a method for defining the magnetic moment of a reference material based on a torsional resonator with a patterned magnetic film on its surface. Given accurate measurements of the magnitude of the applied field, the moment of inertia of the resonator, and the magnetic stiffening effect of the film on the resonance frequency of the resonator, we can obtain an absolute measurement of the anisotropy energy and magnetic moment of the film independently. With this approach, the anisotropy energy and the magnetic moment of the film are measured directly, eliminating the need for a detailed knowledge of the film’s saturation magnetization or sample volume. In principle, all of the measurements needed for the reference material are traceable to an atomic clock frequency reference. We have performed preliminary measurements on Ni0.8Fe0. 2 films patterned in circle of 4.17 mm diameter. Representative samples had measured magnetic moments of 5.04±0. 12μAm2 for nominal film thicknesses of 500 nm.
4 CO OUTFLOWS AND DENSE GAS IN THE DARK CLOUD COMPLEX NEAR IC5146

We report an outflow survey carried out in the dark cloud complex near IC5146 open cluster using the 12 CO(J=1-0) emission line. The observations were carried out with a 15 element imaging array at the FCRAO (QUARRY). An area of about 130 square arcmin was searched for outflows, corresponding to 17% of the extent of the 13 CO cloud and 40% of that of the C 18 O cloud. Four regions exhibiting high velocity CO wings were newly found, and each of them is associated with IRAS point sources. C 18 O(J=1-0) observations were also made with the Nagoya 4 m radio telescope toward the most massive member of the molecular cloud complex, in which the four outflows are located
Orientation Behavior of Nematic Liquid Crystals at Flow-Wall Interfaces in Microfluidic Channels

This work characterizes the orientation behavior of nematic liquid crystals in pressure-driven flows of microfluidic channels at interfaces between the flow and microchannel walls. The impact of flow velocity and microchannel geometry on the orientation of liquid crystals in single-phase and two-phase flows is discussed. Polarizing optical microscopy images revealed the homeotropic orientation of liquid crystal molecules at microchannel walls at zero flow velocities, which gradually transitioned into planar alignment along the microchannel axis when the flow velocity increased in the 50 μm/s to 5 mm/s range. Liquid crystal droplets demonstrated homeotropic or planar alignment depending on the sizes of droplets and flow velocities. The polarized light pattern from homeotropically aligned droplets deposited on microchannel walls was found to be logarithmically proportional to the flow velocity in the 2 to 40 mm/s range. The revealed behavior of nematic liquid crystals at microchannel wall surfaces in dynamic flow conditions offers new tools for on-demand control of the optical properties of microfluidic devices and can contribute to the development of analytical lab-on-chip tools with internal continuous or discrete liquid crystal layers for flow characterization in microchannel confinement.
Altering regularities of electronic transport properties in twisted graphene nanoribbons

Based on density-function theory combined with nonequilibrium Green’s function method, the electronic transport properties of twisted armchair- and zigzag-edge graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs and ZGNRs) are investigated. Results show that electronic transport properties are sensitive to twisting deformations for semiconductor-type AGNRs, but are robust against twisting deformations for quasi-metallic AGNRs and ZGNRs. The electronic conduction becomes weaker gradually for moderate-gap semiconductor-type AGNRs, but gets stronger for wide-gap semiconductor-type AGNRs when the twisted angle increases to 120°. While for quasi-metallic AGNRs and ZGNRs, the electronic conduction is strong and obeys Ohm’s law of resistance strictly. Mechanisms for such results are suggested.
Computing the energy-dependent width of temporary anions from ℒ2 ab initio methods

Different ab initio methods for computing the non-local energy-dependent width function Γ(E) associated with resonance states of molecular anions are studied. Two new 2 approaches to Γ(E) are developed in the contexts of the complex absorbing potential (CAP) and the stabilization methods. Using a model potential and the prototypical 2Πg shape-type resonance of N2-, the two new methods and the established Stieltjes imaging technique are compared. Special emphasis is put on a robust performance for low-quality basis sets as well as on the choice of the discrete state describing the `bound part' of the resonance. In particular, the CAP method turns out to yield satisfactory results even if only atom-centred Gaussian basis sets are employed provided that the absorption is adapted to the energy. The choice of the discrete state has a marked influence on the calculated width function, and from the viewpoint of computing Γ(E) a box-stabilized discrete state is recommended.
Black Women’s Social Media Use Integration and Social Media Addiction

Black American women are among the largest consumer groups of social media in the United States. In recent years, Black American women have curated spaces on social media platforms to authentically converse about Black womanhood and resist structural gendered racism. Still, there is a dearth of research on the subjective importance of Black American women’s social media use and risks for social media addiction. This study tested the association between social media use integration and social media addiction, and whether connectedness to Black women moderated this relationship. Data from 354 Black American women (Mage = 24.34 years) were collected using an online survey. We found that social media use integration was positively associated with social media addiction. Connectedness to Black women moderated this relation, such that the positive association between social media use integration and social media addiction was magnified at a higher level of connectedness to Black women. Our findings inform practice implications for a non-pathologizing approach to addressing social media addiction among Black American women with consideration to structural gendered racist contexts.
Evaluating cell matrix mechanics using an integrated nonlinear optical tweezer-confocal imaging system

Biomechanics plays a central role in breast epithelial morphogenesis. In this study we have used 3D cultures in which normal breast epithelial cells are able to organize into rounded acini and tubular ducts, the main structures found in the breast tissue. We have identified fiber organization as a main determinant of ductal organization. While bulk rheological properties of the matrix seem to play a negligible role in determining the proportion of acini versus ducts, local changes may be pivotal in shape determination. As such, the ability to make microscale rheology measurements coupled with simultaneous optical imaging in 3D cultures can be critical to assess the biomechanical factors underlying epithelial morphogenesis. This paper describes the inclusion of optical tweezers based microrheology in a microscope that had been designed for nonlinear optical imaging of collagen networks in ECM. We propose two microrheology methods and show preliminary results using a gelatin hydrogel and collagen/Matrigel 3D cultures containing mammary gland epithelial cells.
Manufacturing Dies for Micro and Meso Direct Extrusion Processes

Abstract This work describes the development and manufacture of micro and meso extrusion dies used to extrude metal materials. The die design was based on different extrusion angles and diameters of input materials. An extrusion die was made to input material measuring 1 mm and for reduction to 0.8 mm with a 30° angle of extrusion. For the same diameter of material, another two dies were manufactured with extrusion angles of 45° and 60°. For meso sized extrusion, another three dies were made and the diameter of the input material was 4 mm with a reduction to 3 mm and extrusion angles of 30°, 45° and 60°. During the machining of the extrusion dies, high speed steel (HSS) drills were used with a tip angle according to the extrusion angles. After machining, the dies were treated thermally and polished to diminish the friction coefficient between the part to be extruded and the die. The results of the machining process indicate that extrusion dies can be manufactured using quick HSS drill and polishing can be done using diamond paste with satisfactory results.
THE VARIABLE STAR UZ SERPENTIS

The variability of UZ Serpentis1 was discovered by Reinmtith2 at Konigstuhl in 1924, but the nature of its variations was not recognized until 1931, when Parenago8 found on the Moscow plates that it resembled the irregular variables typified by U Geminorum. This group of stars is often known as the SS Cygni class, after a brighter and somewhat better-known member. The normal state of one of these variables is minimum
Arrhythmia Classification Based on Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory and Multi-Task Group Method

Early and accurate classification of arrhythmia helps the experts to select the treatment for the patient to increase the recovery rate. The deep learning method of convolution neural network (CNN) is used for classification, and this has an overfitting problem. In this research, the multi-task group bi-directional long short term memory (MTGBi-LSTM) method is proposed to increases the performance of arrhythmia classification. The multi-task learning technique learns two ECG signals in shared representation for effective learning. The global and intra LSTM method selects the relevant feature and easily escapes from local optima. The MTGBi-LSTM model learns the unique features in shared representation that helps to overcome overfitting problem and increases the learning rate of the model. The MTGBi-LSTM model in arrhythmia classification is evaluated on MIT-BIH dataset. The MTGBi-LSTM model has 96.48% accuracy, 97.73% sensitivity, existing AFibNet has 96.36% accuracy, and 93.65% sensitivity for arrhythmia classification in CPSC 2018 dataset.
A diagrammatic approach to Hecke algebras of the reflection equation

Hecke algebra deformations of the wreath product Cd Sn arise in solutions to the Yang-Baxter equations with boundary (the reflection equation). We use a simple diagrammatic approach to construct bases for these algebras. We hence introduce quotient algebras suitable for constructing physical solutions to the reflection equation, with a well-defined thermodynamic (large n ) limit. For all d and n we determine the generic representation theory of these algebras, developing a formalism suitable for the analysis of corresponding q -spin-chain Hamiltonian and transfer matrix spectra.
SIRTF On-Orbit Thermal Bending Analysis

The Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) comprises a telescope system and a spacecraft. Both of these structures will experience temperature distribution changes due to variations in the sun/earth thermal radiation exposure while on-orbit. The more significant temperature changes (e.g., greater than 5K) and structural distortions occur principally in the outer shell of the telescope system. The telescope's internal optical and instrument components are structurally linked to the outer shell, and will experience some misalignment (decenter, defocus, and tilting) even though the telescope system structure is designed to minimize this effect. Misalignment magnitudes have been evaluated using a finite element structural model of the telescope system. The predicted misalignment results are presented for a telescope optical pointing sensor that may be either internally mounted to the instrument or externally mounted to the outer shell. It is shown that the primary and secondary mirror misalignments due to the thermally induced load of the chosen orbital scenario do not vary significantly. This paper is the first progress report on the topic for SIRTF. Additional orbital scenarios and other environmental assumptions are to be investigated later.
Interaction between SIDT2 and ABCA1 Variants with Nutrients on HDL-c Levels in Mexican Adults

Previous studies have reported that the SIDT2 and ABCA1 genes are involved in lipid metabolism. We aimed to analyze the association—the gene x gene interaction between rs17120425 and rs1784042 on SIDT2 and rs9282541 on ABCA1 and their diet interaction on the HDL-c serum levels—in a cohort of 1982 Mexican adults from the Health Workers Cohort Study. Demographic and clinical data were collected through a structured questionnaire and standardized procedures. Genotyping was performed using a predesigned TaqMan assay. The associations and interactions of interest were estimated using linear and logistic regression. Carriers of the rs17120425-A and rs1784042-A alleles had slightly higher blood HDL-c levels compared to the non-carriers. In contrast, rs9282541-A was associated with low blood HDL-c levels (OR = 1.34, p = 0.013). The rs1784042 x rs9282541 interaction was associated with high blood HDL-c levels (p = 3.4 × 10−4). Premenopausal women who carried at least one rs17120425-A allele and consumed high dietary fat, protein, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fatty acids levels had higher HDL-c levels than the non-carriers. These results support the association between the genetic variants on SIDT2 and ABCA1 with HDL-c levels and suggest gene–gene and gene–diet interactions over HDL-c concentrations in Mexican adults. Our findings could be a platform for developing clinical and dietary strategies for improving the health of the Mexican population.
Mean structure of one-dimensional unstable detonations with friction

Abstract This investigation deals with the study of the mean structure of a mildly unstable non-ideal detonation wave. The analysis is based on the integration of one-dimensional reactive Euler equations with friction forces using a third-order Runge–Kutta scheme and a fifth-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO5) spatial discretization. A one-step Arrhenius reaction mechanism is used for modelling the chemical reaction. When the frictional forces are active, the limit cycle based on the post-shock pressure reveals an enhanced pulsating behaviour of the downstream subsonic reaction zone compared to the ideal case. The results show that the detonation-velocity deficit increases as the mean reaction zone becomes thicker compared to the generalized ZND model. A new master equation, based on the Favre-averaged quantities, is derived and analysed along with new sonicity and thermicity conditions. The analysis of the species, momentum and energy balances reveals that the presence of mechanical fluctuations within the reaction zone constitutes another source of energy withdrawal, meaning that the detonation deviates from its laminar structure. Furthermore, the compressibility of the flow is analysed and the relationships between the fluctuations of temperature, velocity and reactive scalar are discussed in terms of strong Reynolds analogies.
Multiscale Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Kinematic Structure from Airborne Doppler Radar Composites

AbstractThe multiscale inner-core structure of mature tropical cyclones is presented via the use of composites of airborne Doppler radar analyses. The structure of the axisymmetric vortex and the convective and turbulent-scale properties within this axisymmetric framework are shown to be consistent with many previous studies focusing on individual cases or using different airborne data sources. On the vortex scale, these structures include the primary and secondary circulations, eyewall slope, decay of the tangential wind with height, low-level inflow layer and region of enhanced outflow, radial variation of convective and stratiform reflectivity, eyewall vorticity and divergence fields, and rainband signatures in the radial wind, vertical velocity, vorticity, and divergence composite mean and variance fields. Statistics of convective-scale fields and how they vary as a function of proximity to the radius of maximum wind show that the inner eyewall edge is associated with stronger updrafts and higher refl.
The Influence of Outer Membrane Protein on Ampicillin Resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus

The antibiotic resistance of the food-borne pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus has attracted researchers' attention in recent years, but its molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, 7 genes encoding outer membrane proteins (OMPs) were individually deleted in V. parahaemolyticus ATCC33846, and the resistance of these 7 mutants to 14 antibiotics was investigated. The results revealed that the resistance of the 7 mutants to ampicillin was significantly increased. Further exploration of 20-gene transcription changes by real time-qPCR (RT-qPCR) demonstrated that the higher ampicillin resistance might be attributed to the expression of β-lactamase and reduced peptidoglycan (PG) synthesis activity through reduced transcription of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), increased transcription of l,d-transpeptidases, downregulated d,d-carboxypeptidase, and alanine deficiency. This study provides a new perspective on ampicillin resistance in OMP mutants with respect to PG synthesis.
AaCaMKs Positively Regulate Development, Infection Structure Differentiation and Pathogenicity in Alternaria alternata, Causal Agent of Pear Black Spot

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK), a key downstream target protein in the Ca2+ signaling pathway of eukaryotes, plays an important regulatory role in the growth, development and pathogenicity of plant fungi. Three AaCaMKs (AaCaMK1, AaCaMK2 and AaCaMK3) with conserved PKC_like superfamily domains, ATP binding sites and ACT sites have been cloned from Alternaria alternata, However, their regulatory mechanism in A. alternata remains unclear. In this study, the function of the AaCaMKs in the development, infection structure differentiation and pathogenicity of A. alternata was elucidated through targeted gene disruption. The single disruption of AaCaMKs had no impact on the vegetative growth and spore morphology but significantly influenced hyphae growth, sporulation, biomass accumulation and melanin biosynthesis. Further expression analysis revealed that the AaCaMKs were up-regulated during the infection structure differentiation of A. alternata on hydrophobic and pear wax substrates. In vitro and in vivo analysis further revealed that the deletion of a single AaCaMKs gene significantly reduced the A. alternata conidial germination, appressorium formation and infection hyphae formation. In addition, pharmacological analysis confirmed that the CaMK specific inhibitor, KN93, inhibited conidial germination and appressorium formation in A. alternata. Meanwhile, the AaCaMKs genes deficiency significantly reduced the A. alternata pathogenicity. These results demonstrate that AaCaMKs regulate the development, infection structure differentiation and pathogenicity of A. alternata and provide potential targets for new effective fungicides.