Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Secure video player for mobile devices integrating a watermarking-based tracing mechanism

Content protection relies on several security mechanisms: (i) encryption to prevent access to the content during transport, (ii) trusted computation environment to prevent access during decoding, and we can also add (iii) forensic watermarking to deter content re-acquisition at rendering. With the advent of next generation video and the ever increasing popularity of embedded devices for content consumption, there is a need for new content protection solutions that rely less on hardware. In this context, we propose an architecture that combines the ARM TrustZone technology, an hypervised environment built on Genode and a bit stream watermarking algorithm that inserts serialization marks on the fly in an embedded device. As a result, an attacker cannot get access to video assets in clear form and not watermarked. Reported performances measurements indicate that the induced computational overhead is reasonable.
2012 1 St International Conference on Future Trends in Computing and Communication Technologies 100

– This paper presents a novel framework for ubiquitous social networks (USNs). Instead of making virtual connections, on the basis of human social networks, an effort has been made to facilitate interactions among human social networks with the help of virtual social networks. The imperative domains that support ubiquitous social networks are highlighted and different scenarios are provided to project real world applications of proposed framework. Our proposed framework can provide preliminary foundations for creating " ubiquitous social networks " in true essence. I. INTRODUCTION In today's world, full of informative technologies, it is becoming really important for people to have considerate and diversified social connections. To establish such connections, it is good to know people from different social backgrounds, expertise domains, career levels, interests and goals. Opportunities of making such connections are usually available, but people are unaware of such connections or hesitant to network with unknown people. To nullify the affect of such scenarios, a framework has been proposed to support ubiquitous social networking in true essence. This framework is not only beneficial in providing opportunities for making social connections but also provides a foundation for realizing social networks in a totally different approach.
Protective Factors for Adults From Low-Childhood Socioeconomic Circumstances: The Benefits of Shift-and-Persist for Allostatic Load

Objective Low socioeconomic status (SES) early in life is one of the most well-established social predictors of poor health. However, little is understood about why some adults who grew up in low-SES environments do not have poor health outcomes. This study examined whether the psychological characteristic of “shift-and-persist” protects adults from the physiological risks of growing up in low-SES households. Shift-and-persist consists of reframing appraisals of current stressors more positively (shifting), while simultaneously persisting with a focus on the future. We hypothesized that this characteristic would be associated with reduced physiological risk in low-childhood SES individuals. Methods A national sample of 1207 adults (aged 25–74 years) from the Survey of Midlife Development in the United States completed psychological questionnaires and were queried about parent education. Biologic assessments consisted of 24 different measures across seven physiological systems, from which a composite measure representing cumulative physiological risk (allostatic load) was derived. Results Among adults who grew up in low-SES households, those who engaged in high-shift-and-high-persist strategies had the lowest allostatic load (b = −0.15, p = .04). No benefit of shift-and-persist was found for those from higher-childhood SES backgrounds (p = .36). Conclusions Identifying the health-related protective qualities that naturally occur in some low-SES individuals represents one important approach for developing future health improvement interventions for those who start out life low in SES. Moreover, the psychological qualities that are protective from future disease risk for those from low-SES backgrounds are different from those beneficial to high-SES individuals.
Site‐Selection Algorithms and Habitat Loss

Abstract: Site‐selection algorithms are used in reserve design to select networks of sites that maximize biodiversity, given some constraints. These algorithms are based on a snapshot of species occurrence, and they typically aim to minimize the area or cost needed to represent all the species once or a few times. Most of these algorithms ignore the question of how well species are likely to persist in the set of selected sites in the long term. Furthermore, the role of the unselected habitat in biodiversity persistence has received no attention in this context. We used a theoretical approach to evaluate the long‐term performance of reserve networks in preserving biodiversity by using a model of spatiotemporal population dynamics ( a metapopulation model ). We compared extinction rates of species in reserve networks in two situations: when all sites remain suitable habitat for the species and, conversely, when the habitat in the unselected sites is lost. We made this comparison to explore the significance of unselected sites for spatial population dynamics and for the continued presence of species in the reserve network. Basic site‐selection algorithms are liable to perform badly in terms of biodiversity maintenance because the persistence of species may be strongly dependent on sites not included in the reserve network. Our results support recent calls for the integration of spatial population modeling into reserve network design. Advances in metapopulation theory provide tools that can be used for this purpose.
A Batteryless RFID Remote Control System

This paper presents a novel eco-friendly batteryless remote control (RC) system based on a multi-RF identification (RFID) scheme. The proposed RC device does not require the use of batteries or other installed power source. Instead, it relies on passive RFID chips that are remotely powered by an RFID reader. The controlled device (e.g., a TV) incorporates an RFID reader to power up and communicate with the RC. The proposed batteryless RC is composed of an antenna, a plurality of N passive RFID chips and N switches, and a multi-port microstrip network that interconnects the various RFID chips, allowing them to share a common antenna. Each key of the RC is associated to an RFID with a unique identifier, which allows the device to be controlled to identify the key pressed by the user. The proposed arrangement ensures that only the chip associated to the pressed key is read by the RFID reader, while the other chips remain inactive. First of all, the system is described including the multi-RFID scheme and the proposed multi-port network. Afterword, a characterization of the contact switches and RFID chips is performed. This is followed by RFID chip impedance matching and switch tuning. A multi-port network is fabricated (in low-cost FR4) and measured in order to access network's behavior depending on some parameters such as the number of ports and distance from the active port to the antenna. Finally, a four-key RC unit is prototyped, and an RFID reader system is integrated in a TV by using an external RFID-to-infrared interface. Four control functionalities are implemented and tested (CH+, CH-, Vol+, and Vol-). Measurements are also conducted to evaluate the system coverage range and line-of-sight capability.
DAFGA: diversity analysis of functional gene amplicons

SUMMARY Diversity analysis of functional marker genes provides physiological insights into microbial guilds that perform an ecologically relevant process. However, it is challenging to group functional gene sequences to valid taxonomic units, primarily because of differences in the evolutionary rates of individual genes and possible horizontal gene transfer events. We developed a python script package named DAFGA, which estimates the evolutionary rate of a particular functional gene in a standardized manner by relating its sequence divergence to that of the 16S rRNA gene. As a result, DAFGA provides gene-specific parameter sets for operational taxonomic unit clustering and taxonomic assignment at desired rank, and it can be implemented into the diversity measurements offered by QIIME. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION DAFGA is freely available with a manual and test data from https://github.com/outbig/DAFGA.
Fluoride Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inhibits Protein Synthesis and Secretion

Background Exposure to excessive amounts of fluoride (F−) causes dental fluorosis in susceptible individuals; however, the mechanism of F−-induced toxicity is unclear. Previously, we have shown that high-dose F− activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) in ameloblasts that are responsible for dental enamel formation. The UPR is a signaling pathway responsible for either alleviating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress or for inducing apoptosis of the stressed cells. Objectives In this study we determined if low-dose F− causes ER stress and activates the UPR, and we also determined whether F− interferes with the secretion of proteins from the ER. Methods We stably transfected the ameloblast-derived LS8 cell line with secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) and determined activity and localization of SEAP and F−-mediated induction of UPR proteins. Also, incisors from mice given drinking water containing various concentrations of F− were examined for eucaryotic initiation factor-2, subunit alpha (eIF2α) phosphorylation. Results We found that F− decreases the extracellular secretion of SEAP in a linear, dose-dependent manner. We also found a corresponding increase in the intracellular accumulation of SEAP after exposure to F−. These changes are associated with the induction of UPR proteins such as the molecular chaperone BiP and phosphorylation of the UPR sensor PKR-like ER kinase, and its substrate, eIF2α. Importantly, F−-induced phosphorylation of eIF2αwas confirmed in vivo. Conclusions These data suggest that F− initiates an ER stress response in ameloblasts that interferes with protein synthesis and secretion. Consequently, ameloblast function during enamel development may be impaired, and this may culminate in dental fluorosis.
Moderating Effect of Growth Need Strength on the Relationship between Job Characteristics and Job Satisfaction

This study is to determine the moderating effect of Growth Need Strength [GNS] between self-esteem and job satisfaction among SRN’s. Data were collected through survey using questionnaire. This study employed stratified random sampling involving a total of 390 nurses at selected general hospitals. The finding of the study contributes in the specific area of literature, theory and also in research design. The results of this study suggest that the GNS as moderator have played significant important role between job characteristics and job satisfaction. It is also provide a much better conducive working environment and by incorporating policies that can improve job satisfaction.
Emojis as Tools for Emotion Work: Communicating Affect in Text Messages

Emojis are pictures commonly used in texting. The use and type of emojis has increased in recent years; particularly emojis that are not faces, but rather objects. While prior work on emojis of faces suggest their primary purpose is to convey affect, few have researched the communicative purpose of emojis of objects. In the current work, two experiments assess whether emojis of objects also convey affect. Different populations of participants are shown text messages with or without different emojis of objects, asked to rate the message’s affective content, and indicate their confidence in their ratings. Overall results suggest that emojis of objects communicate positive affect, specifically joy. These findings are framed in the sociological theory of emotion work, suggesting that the time and effort involved in using emojis may help maintain and enhance social relationships.
Prediction of urban travel times with intersection delays

Although there is an increasing demand for travel time prediction methods, the efforts put on urban streets are until now less than on freeways. In this paper, a macroscopic model of urban link travel time prediction is developed based on measurements collected by single loop detectors. This method divides travel times into two components: link cruising times and intersection delays. For each component the mean prediction and prediction interval were investigated in order to provide a reliable prediction. Prediction intervals around the mean prediction show the plausible range of travel times a vehicle is likely to encounter. Based on simulation data, it is demonstrated that urban link travel time prediction can be executed by this promising method.
The effect of granularity level on software defect prediction

Application of defect predictors in software development helps the managers to allocate their resources such as time and effort more efficiently and cost effectively to test certain sections of the code. In this research, we have used Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) to construct our defect prediction framework. Our proposed framework uses the hierarchical structure information about the source code of the software product, to perform defect prediction at a functional method level and source file level. We have applied our model on SoftLAB and Eclipse datasets. We have measured the performance of our proposed model and applied cost benefit analysis. Our results reveal that source file level defect prediction improves the verification effort, while decreasing the defect prediction performance in all datasets.
Comparative Study on SRAMs for Suppressing Both Oxide-Tunneling Leakage and Subthreshold Leakage in Sub-70-nm Leakage Dominant VLSIs

In this paper, we compare 4 SRAM circuits. They are the conventional 'SRAM1', 'SRAM2' with power switches on VSs line, 'SRAM3' with switches on VDD line, and 'SRAM4' with switches on VDD and Vss lines, respectively. Among 4 SRAMs, SRAM2 shows the smallest amount of leakage, because its subthreshold leakage is most suppressed by its BODY and DIBL effects. To reduce the oxide-tunneling leakage more, 'SRAM5' with lowering of its precharge voltage is considered in this paper. Compared with SRAM2 without lowering of the precharge voltage, the amounts of leakage of SRAM5 are suppressed by 27.2%, 16.8%, and 6.3%, respectively, at -25degC, 25degC, and 100degC
How to Solve Pure Yang-Mills Theory in 2+1 Dimensions

We present details of the recently announced analytic computation of the spectrum of lowest spin glueballs and associated Regge trajectories in the planar limit of pure Yang-Mills theory in 2+1 dimensions. The new ingredient is provided by the computation of a new non-trivial form of the ground state wave-functional. The mass spectrum of the theory is determined by the zeros of Bessel functions, and the agreement with large N lattice data is excellent. rgleigh@uiuc.edu dminic@vt.edu yelnykov@vt.edu
Multicultural Inclusion of Lesbian and Gay Literature Themes in Elementary Classrooms

ABSTRACT This article provides a rationale for and methods to assist elementary educators in creating spaces where the enhancement of awareness of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ)-themed literature could be explored in elementary schools and classrooms. The authors assert that an approach to providing gender and sexuality diversity in the elementary grades is part of multicultural practice in elementary classrooms. Through document analysis, the authors discovered the existing theories, practices, and evidence available in the literature that would provide elementary educators support to use LGBTQ-themed children's literature in academic spaces. The authors then provide a set of guidelines for educators to modify their existing instructional practices in order to empower young learners with the critical literacy attributes necessary in order to gain access to knowledge, power, and opportunities.
A functional interaction approach to the definition of meso regions: The case of the Czech Republic

Abstract The definition of functional meso regions for the territory of the Czech Republic is articulated in this article. Functional regions reflect horizontal interactions in space and are presented as a useful tool for various types of geographical analyses, and also for spatial planning, economic policy designs, etc. This paper attempts to add to the discussion on the need to delineate areal units at different hierarchical levels, and to understand the functional flows and spatial behaviours of the population in a given space. Three agglomerative methods are applied in the paper (the CURDS regionalisation algorithm, Intramax, and cluster analysis), and they have not been used previously in Czech geography for the delineation of functional meso regions. Existing functional regions at the micro-level, based on daily travel-to-work flows from the 2001 census, have served as the building blocks. The analyses have produced five regional systems at the meso level, based on daily labour commuting movements of the population. Basic statistics and a characterisation of these systems are provided in this paper.
G-quadruplexes: the beginning and end of UTRs

Molecular mechanisms that regulate gene expression can occur either before or after transcription. The information for post-transcriptional regulation can lie within the sequence or structure of the RNA transcript and it has been proposed that G-quadruplex nucleic acid sequence motifs may regulate translation as well as transcription. Here, we have explored the incidence of G-quadruplex motifs in and around the untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNA. We observed a significant strand asymmetry, consistent with a general depletion of G-quadruplex-forming RNA. We also observed a positional bias in two distinct regions, each suggestive of a specific function. We observed an excess of G-quadruplex motifs towards the 5′-ends of 5′-UTRs, supportive of a hypothesis linking 5′-UTR RNA G-quadruplexes to translational control. We then analysed the vicinity of 3′-UTRs and observed an over-representation of G-quadruplex motifs immediately after the 3′-end of genes, especially in those cases where another gene is in close proximity, suggesting that G-quadruplexes may be involved in the termination of gene transcription.
A New Multiple Label Propagation Algorithm for Linked Open Data

In recent years, Linked Open Data (LOD) has been attracting attention in the world since the LOD have features such as semantic web and ontology. Also, applications using the LOD have been increasing year after year in Japan and in all over the world. However, there are a problem that most of existing LOD are not linked with other LOD. Therefore, original features of the LOD have been lost. In this study, we propose a new Multiple Label Propagation algorithm for linking each other the existing LOD to bring out the original features by semi-supervised learning. This algorithm predicts semantic labels of individual data of the LOD using an assumption that adjacent nodes belong to a same or similar class. Therefore, the algorithm has new formula to consider semantic distance. Thereby, the algorithm is possible to extend links between neighborhood nodes (data). In addition, the algorithm is possible to correspond multi-label data. The results of experiments showed that the algorithm can give the label prediction values representing semantic distances, and can be processed much faster than a conventional algorithm.
Modeling and Clustering Users with Evolving Profiles in Usage Streams

Today, there is an increasing need of data stream mining technology to discover important patterns on the fly. Existing data stream models and algorithms commonly assume that users' records or profiles in data streams will not be updated or revised once they arrive. Nevertheless, in various applications such as Web usage, the records/profiles of the users can evolve along time. This kind of streaming data evolves in two forms, the streaming of tuples or transactions as in the case of traditional data streams, and more importantly, the evolving of user records/profiles inside the streams. Such data streams bring difficulties on modeling and clustering for exploringusers' behaviors. In this paper, we propose three models to summarize this kind of data streams, which are the batch model, the Evolving Objects (EO) model and the Dynamic Data Stream (DDS) model. Through creating, updating and deleting user profiles, these models summarize the behaviors of each user as a profile object. Based upon these models, clustering algorithms are employed to discover interesting user groups from the profile objects. We have evaluated all the proposed models on a large real-world data set, showing that the DDS model summarizes the data streams with evolving tuples more efficiently and effectively, and provides better basis for clustering users than the other two models.
Articulation and acoustics of Kannada affricates: A case of geminate /ʧ/

ABSTRACT Affricates have been observed to be problematic in phonological acquisition and disordered speech across languages, due to their relatively complex spatial and temporal articulatory patterns. Remediation of difficulties in the production of affricates requires understanding of how these sounds are typically produced. This study presents the first systematic articulatory and acoustic investigation of voiceless geminate affricate /ʧ/ in Kannada (a Dravidian language), compared to the palatal glide and the voiceless dental stop. Ultrasound data from 10 normal speakers from Mysore, India revealed that /ʧ/ is produced with the tongue shape intermediate between the palatal glide and the dental stop, and with the laminal constriction at the alveolar ridge. The observed articulatory differences are reflected in acoustic formant patterns of vowel transitions and stop/affricate bursts. Altogether, the results show that the Kannada consonant in question is an alveolopalatal affricate, supporting some of the previous descriptive phonetic accounts of the language and raising questions for further research on normal and disordered speech. The results and our survey of literature also suggest that affricates in South Asian languages tend to be phonetically variable and historically unstable compared to other consonant articulations.