Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Planning Curvature and Torsion Constrained Ribbons in 3D With Application to Intracavitary Brachytherapy

We present an approach for planning ensembles of channels, ribbons, within 3D printed implants for facilitating radiation therapy treatment of cancer. The ribbons are traced out by sweeping a constant width rigid body (cuboid) along spatial curves. We propose a method for planning multiple disjoint and mutually collision-free ribbons of finite thickness along curvature and torsion constrained curves in 3D space. This is equivalent to planning motions for the cross section of the ribbon along a spatial curve such that the cross section is oriented along the unit binormal to the curve defined according to the Frenet-Serret frame. We propose a two-stage planning approach. In the first stage, a customized sampling-based planner uses rapidly exploring random trees (RRTs) to generate feasible curvature and torsion constrained ribbons. In the second stage, the curvature and torsion along each ribbon is locally optimized using sequential quadratic programming (SQP). We use this approach to design curved radiation delivery channels inside custom 3D printed implants that allow temporary insertion of a high-dose radioactive source that is threaded through the channels using a wire and allowed to dwell for specified times to expose cancerous tumors for intracavitary brachytherapy treatment. Constraints on the curvature and torsion are required for 3D printing (to allow flushing of sacrificial material) and for smooth insertion of radioactive sources. In simulation experiments, this approach achieves an improvement of 46% in tumor coverage compared with a greedy approach that generates channels sequentially.
Rate-based congestion control mechanism for multicast communication

This paper presents a multicast congestion control mechanism using combination of both sender and receiver-based approach for multicast communication. We focus on mechanism that the protocol can adapt with network condition by adjusting the transmission rate (RAP) based on ACK/NACK and detect a loss based on NACK transmitted by receivers. We add ACK/NACK suppression mechanism at receivers to avoid feedback implosion at sender. Our simulation result shows that packet flow with small path delay is able to increase transmission rate aggressively due to small feedback delay and the number of packet loss is decrease as an increasing the path delay. By adding ACK/NACK suppression mechanism at receiver, packet loss can be reduced as well as feedback implosion can be avoided.
ON A PROBABILISTIC PROPERTY OF THE FIBONACCI SEQUENCE

Let 77l5. , 77w,. be a sequence of Independent integer-valued random variables. Let SnT]l + -~ + 7jn,Ari = ESn, B* = varS„,P„(m) = P(Sn = m), and f(t,rfj) denote the characteristic function of the random variable 77 •. The local limit theorem (LLT) is formulated as Pn(m) = (27rBy -exp{-(m^f /2B} + o(B~) when n-^00 uniformly for m. The first results on the normal approximation of binomial distributions belong to de M oivre, Laplace, and Poisson. Very general theorems on the LLT were obtained by von Mises in [1], Assuming additionally that the summands are i.i. d. and have a finite variance, B. Gnedenko [2] derived necessary and sufficient conditions for the LLT. The next step, for not i.i. d. but uniformly bounded variables, was made by Yu. V. Prohorov in [3]. Besides those mentioned above, the LLT problem was investigated by W. Feller [4] and C. Stone [5]. More complete bibliographical information can be found in [6]. It is well known that for uniformly distributed random variables the LLT is equivalent to the central limit theorem [9], [10]. Hence, it is reasonable to ask whether this holds in general. The answer is negative. Using the Fibonacci sequence, we will construct below another sequence of independent asymptotically uniformly distributed random variables which satisfies the central limit theorem, has the uniform asymptotic negligibility (UAN) property but for which the local limit theorem fails to be valid. Let [1; 1,. , 1,. ] be a continued fraction representation of the number <p (1 + j5)/2. Denote by Pj I Qj the convergents of the continued fraction of <p, which can^be represented by the table below. j
Efficient Lyrics Retrieval and Alignment

We present an algorithm to efficiently retrieve from the Web multiple versions of the lyrics of a given song. First, multiple web pages are collected that potentially contain the lyrics of the given song, by querying Google with the song title and artist name. Next, from each of these web pages, the part that probably contains the lyrics is efficiently extracted by making explicit use of the structural properties of lyrics. In addition, we present an efficient approximation algorithm to align the multiple lyrics versions. Multiple sequence alignment is a known NPhard problem, and we propose an approximation algorithm that is much more efficient than an algorithm proposed in the literature for this application. We present results that we obtained for a set of 258 songs, illustrating that by using our approach we are able to extract relevant lyrics for 97% of them.
Collective rumor correction on the death hoax of a political figure in social media

Conversations on social media networks that discuss a crisis incident as it unfolds have become a norm in recent years. Left to its own devices, such conversations could quickly degenerate into rumor mills. Little research has thus far examined the correction of rumors on social media. Using the third-person effect as a theoretical underpinning, we developed a model of collective rumor correction on social media based on an incident surrounding the death hoax of a political figure. Tweets from Twitter were collected and analyzed for the period when a spike of circulating rumors speculating the demise of Singapore’s first prime minister was detected. Corrections of the rumor also went viral on the same day. Our study reveals that corrective behavior during a death hoax situation on Twitter is characterized by affirmative and rational rebuttals verifiable by credible sources. While the inclusion of credible sources is essential for both rumor diffusion and corrections, correcting a rumor differs from its diffusion in that unambiguity and low emotional levels are crucial. Key characteristics of collective rumor correction identified by this study have implications for both theory and practice. We discussed these implications together with the study’s limitations and suggestions for future research.
SI-DFA: Sub-expression integrated Deterministic Finite Automata for Deep Packet Inspection

Finite automata is widely used for Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) of network traffic. Two types of automata employed for this purpose are Non-deterministic Finite Automata (NFA) and Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA). An NFA suffers from a large memory bandwidth per character due to multiple active states. A DFA, in comparison, ensures a linear processing time of O(1) for memory based architectures. However, the DFA state explosion conditions commonly occurring in today's NIDS rule-sets, render the automata with practically infeasible memory space requirements. To avoid state blowup we propose a semi-deterministic automata, Sub-expression Integrated DFA (SI-DFA), that ensures processing time of a single standard DFA. Rules are broken into sub-expressions at blowup conditions and compiled into a single DFA along with an association table, to correctly encapsulate equivalent automata. We list the rare cases in regular expressions for which sub-expression Integration is incorrect and present methodology to detect their occurrences. We evaluate SI-DFA on real-world rule-sets like Bro, Snort and Linux filters and compare their performance with the state-of-the-art hybrid automata solutions. SI-DFA renders a 66-97% reduction in processing bandwidth, up to 68% lower space requirement and an improvement trend with increasing rule complexity when compared to the traditional solutions.
Ischemic Stroke Injury Is Mediated by Aberrant Cdk5

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Treatment options are limited and only a minority of patients receive acute interventions. Understanding the mechanisms that mediate neuronal injury and death may identify targets for neuroprotective treatments. Here we show that the aberrant activity of the protein kinase Cdk5 is a principal cause of neuronal death in rodents during stroke. Ischemia induced either by embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in vivo or by oxygen and glucose deprivation in brain slices caused calpain-dependent conversion of the Cdk5-activating cofactor p35 to p25. Inhibition of aberrant Cdk5 during ischemia protected dopamine neurotransmission, maintained field potentials, and blocked excitotoxicity. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition or conditional knock-out (CKO) of Cdk5 prevented neuronal death in response to ischemia. Moreover, Cdk5 CKO dramatically reduced infarctions following MCAO. Thus, targeting aberrant Cdk5 activity may serve as an effective treatment for stroke.
Extracting Surface Curvature from Noisy Scan Data

In general, the noise that is present in real-world 3D surface scan data prevents accurate curvature calculation. In this paper we show how curvature can be extracted from noisy data by applying filtering after a noisy curvature calculation. To this end, we extend the standard Gaussian filter (as used in 2D image processing) by taking adjacent point distances along the scanned surface into account. A brief comparison is made between this new 2.5D Gaussian filter and a standard 2D Gaussian filter using data from the Digital Michelangelo Project.
Participatory design of a portable torque-feedback device

Customer-driven design processes such as participatory design can be used to develop new presence, or virtual reality, technology. Chemists worked together with computer company engineers to develop scenarios for how present technology could be used to support future molecular modeling work in drug design. These scenarios led to the development of a portable torque-feedback device which can be used with either workstation or virtual reality technology. This paper discusses both the experience with the participatory design process and the novel features of the portable torque-feedback device.
Characterization of Locality in Loop-Parallel Programs ( Student Paper )

Data locality is one of the most important characteristics of programs. Its study has sig-niicant innuence on the future development of architectures and compilers. Shared-memory multiprocessor (SMP) machines and their applications have become widely available, but there are few studies in the classiication of data locality in parallel programs. Most studies have focused on temporal and spatial locality, and false sharing as metrics by which to optimize cache-coherence actions. In this paper, we propose a classiication of data locality in loop-based parallel programs on SMP machines. The classiication is expressed in terms of the cacheline sharing, processor sharing, memory reference instruction reuse, and parallel/serial region sharing. This classii-cation helps us understand the characteristics of complex parallel programs. For analysis, we have implemented a tool, called ParaSim which consists of two parts: a code augmenter and a memory simulator. It can augment highly optimized parallel code written using the Sun native parallel directives, OpenMP and in thread-based form, and runs in parallel with supporting parallel execution on SMP machines. As a case study, for this extended abstract, we discuss the data locality of one Perfect Benchmarks, parallelized by the Polaris compiler. In our measurements we have found that (1) the characteristics of data locality in loop-parallel programs is very similar to that in sequential ones, (2) the cachelines are well localized to processors in highly parallelized code, (3) most variables are reused in the same region type, (4) hits usually occur in the same region, and misses occur across regions, (5) capacity and connict misses are more important factors than compulsory and coherence misses, (6) spatial locality is the dominant factor, and (7) coherence misses occur more often for temporal locality than spatial locality, and these accesses are by diierent instructions in the same region.
Automatic evaluation of parallel applications computation structure

Many data mining techniques has been proposed in the parallel applications performance analysis, being clustering analysis of the most interesting. In most cases, it has been used to detect processors with similar behaviour. In previous works, we presented a different approach: clustering was used to detect the computation structure of the applications and how these different computation phases perform. In this paper, we present a method to evaluate the accuracy of this structure detection. This new method is based on the Single Program Multiple Data (SPMD) paradigm of most of real parallel codes. Assuming a SPMD structure, we expect that all tasks of a parallel application execute the same operation sequence. Using a Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) algorithm we check the sequence ordering of the detected clusters so as to evaluate the quality of the clustering results.
Genome and transcriptome studies of the protozoan parasites Trypanosoma cruzi and Giardia intestinalis

Trypanosoma cruzi and Giardia intestinalis are two human pathogens and protozoan parasites responsible for the diseases Chagas disease and giardiasis, respectively. Both diseases cause suffering and illness in several million individuals. The former disease occurs primarily in South America and Central America, and the latter disease occurs worldwide. Current therapeutics are toxic and lack efficacy, and potential vaccines are far from the market. Increased knowledge about the biology of these parasites is essential for drug and vaccine development, and new diagnostic tests. In this thesis, high-throughput sequencing was applied together with extensive bioinformatic analyses to yield insights into the biology and evolution of Trypanosoma cruzi and Giardia intestinalis. Bioinformatics analysis of DNA and RNA sequences was performed to identify features that may be of importance for parasite biology and functional characterization. This thesis is based on five papers (i-v). Paper i and ii describe comparative genome studies of three distinct genotypes of Giardia intestinalis (A, B and E). Paper iii describes a genome comparison of the human infecting Trypanosoma cruzi with the bat-restricted subspecies Trypanosoma cruzi marinkellei. Paper iv describes the repertoire of small non-coding RNAs in Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. Paper v describes transcriptome analysis using paired-end RNA-Seq of three distinct genotypes of Giardia intestinalis (A, B and E).
A Unique Extraction of Metamaterial Parameters Based on Kramers–Kronig Relationship

In this paper, an improved algorithm for extracting the effective constitutive parameters of a metamaterial is derived. The procedure invokes the Kramers-Kronig relations to ensure the uniqueness of the solution. The accuracy of the method is demonstrated by retrieving the effective material parameters of a homogeneous slab. This study reveals under which conditions the calculation of the refractive index involves more than one branch of the complex logarithmic function. A metamaterial built up from wires and split-ring resonators is then investigated. The applicability and limits of the presented algorithm are explored by observing how the effective parameters of a metamaterial slab converge as its thickness is increased.
Automatic Summarization of Text Documents Written in Hindi Language

A summary of a document is a shorter text conveys the most important information from the source document. Summary of the text must contain important information from the document. Summary of the text can be generated from a single document or from multiple documents. In single-document summarization the summary of only one document is to be built while in multi-document summarization the summary of a whole collection of documents (such as all today's news or all search results for a query) is built. In this paper have represented on single-document summaries for the text data written in the Hindi (Devanagri Script). Language contains history information. This paper also presents detection and removal of Deadwood, Extractive and Abstractive summarization methods designed for Hindi language such document contains history information. An Extractive summarization method only decides, for each sentence, whether or not it will be included in the summary. An Abstractive summarization process consists of "understanding" the original text and "re-telling" it in fewer words.
greenfoot: combining object visualisation with interaction

The introduction of programming education with object-oriented languages slowly migrates down the curriculum and is now often introduced at the high school level. This migration requires teaching tools that are adequate for the intended target audience. In this paper, we present a new tool, named <i>greenfoot</i>, for teaching object-oriented programming aimed at students at or below college level, with special emphasis of supporting school age learners. Greenfoot was designed by analysing and combining the most beneficial aspects of several existing tools. It aims at combining the simplicity and visual appeal of microworlds with much of the flexibility and interaction of BlueJ. To achieve its goals of providing a suitable learners' environment, greenfoot provides a meta-framework that allows easy creation of different, significantly varied microworlds.
Cellular Neural Networks With Virtual Template Expansion for Retinal Vessel Segmentation

A retinal vessel segmentation method based on cellular neural networks (CNNs) is proposed. The CNN design is characterized by a virtual template expansion obtained through a multistep operation. It is based on linear space-invariant 3times3 templates and can be realized using existing chip prototypes like the ACE16K. The proposed design is capable of performing vessel segmentation within a short computation time. It was tested on a publicly available database of color images of the retina, using receiver operating characteristic curves. The simulation results show good performance comparable with that of the best existing methods
Performance Analysis of CDMA-Based Wireless Services Transmission Over a Turbulent RF-on-FSO Channel

This paper proposes a theoretical and experimental performance study to characterize the transmission of code-division-multiple-access-based wireless signals over a radio frequency on free-space optical (RF-FSO) system using an aperture averaging (AA) technique. First, we propose an analytical model including the carrier-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (CNIR) and outage probability expressions taking into consideration the use of the AA technique, the laser diode nonlinear distortion, and the multiple-access interference. Furthermore, we show that there is a design trade-off between an optimum optical modulation index in the transmitter side and the receiver aperture size to achieve a required average CNIR ensuring a substantial scintillation fade reduction. We thus provide preliminary criteria for optimizing both the transmitter and the receiver design of our RF-FSO system. Using an experimental RF-FSO system, we conduct investigations to characterize the deployment environment influencing the transmission of wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA) signals over a 1 km free-space optical communication (FSO) link. Important performance metric parameters like the CNIR and adjacent channel leakage ratio are measured and analyzed to quantify the influence of atmospheric effects. We then validate the proposed mathematical model by performing a comparison with the experimental results obtained from the W-CDMA signal transmission over RF-FSO experiments. The presented work can be used as a baseline for the design and performance evaluation of FSO systems able to transmit different broadband wireless services signals.
The test-taking motivation of university students: The validity and reliability study of the Student Opinion Scale Üniversite öğrencilerinin sınav motivasyonu: Öğrenci Görüşü Ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması

Tests are one of the most common evaluation methods used to assess student learning in the educational process. Therefore, it is important to examine the factors that can help students succeed in tests. The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric features of the Student Opinion Scale (SOS) developed by Wolf & Smith, revised by Sundre and Sundre & Finney in order to assess the universty student's the test-taking motivation on Turkish sample. The SOS consists of two subscales called “Importance” and “Effort” and 10 items. The Turkish form of the scale was applied to 300 students at the Faculty of Education. The studies of internal consistency, item and factor analysis and criterion cohesion validity were performed to examine the psychometric features of the scale. The values obtained from the internal consistency analyses of the scale were . 72 for “Importance” subscale; . 82 for “Effort” subscale and . 74 in total, and it was shown that the scale has sufficient reliability levels. The results of analysis showed that the original two-factor structure of the scale is suitable for Turkish sample. So, it is thought that the scale is a valid and reliable tool to be used for determining the test motivation of the Turkish sample group. Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file . Ozet Sinavlar, egitim surecinde ogrenci ogrenmelerinin degerlendirilmesinde kullanilan en yaygin degerlendirme yontemlerinden birisidir. Bu nedenle, ogrencilerin sinavlarda basarili olmasina yardimci olabilecek faktorlerin incelenmesi onemli bir durumdur. Bu calismanin amaci, universite ogrencilerinin sinav motivasyonlarini olcmek amaciyla Wolf ve Smith tarafindan gelistirilen, Sundre, Sundre ve Finney tarafindan revize edilen Ogrenci Gorusu Olceginin (OGO) Turk orneklem uzerinde psikometrik ozelliklerini incelemektir. Orijinal adi “The Student Opinion Scale” (SOS) olan olcek, Onem (Importance) ve Caba (Effort) olarak adlandirilan iki alt boyuttan ve 10 maddeden olusmaktadir. Olcegin Turkce formu, Egitim Fakultesinde ogrenim goren 300 ogrenciye uygulanmistir. Olcegin psikometrik ozelliklerini inceleyebilmek amaciyla ic tutarlilik, madde analizi ve acimlayici faktor analizi ile dogrulayici faktor analizi calismalari yapilmistir. Acimlayici faktor analizi ve dogrulayici faktor analizleri sonucunda orijinal olcekte oldugu gibi olcegin iki faktorlu yapiya sahip oldugu gorulmustur. Olcegin Turkce formu icin Cronbach alfa ic tutarlik katsayisi birinci alt boyut (Onem) icin . 72, ikinci alt boyut (Caba) icin . 82 olarak bulunmustur. Olcegin tamami icin Cronbach alfa ic tutarlik katsayisi ise . 74 olarak bulunmustur. Yapilan analiz sonuclari, olcegin orijinal iki faktorlu yapisinin Turk orneklem icin uygun oldugunu gostermistir. Bu durumda olcegin Turk orneklem grubunun sinav motivasyonlarinin belirlenmesinde kullanilabilecek, gecerli ve guvenilir bir arac oldugu soylenebilir.