Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variation of Received Signal Strength in Wireless Sensor Network

Semiconductor manufacturers provide low-cost, low-power and short-range solutions for the application of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), such as ZigBee, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi etc. The quality of radio frequency signal, which carries information in wireless communication channel, is the key to WSN. But it is easily influenced by the external environment. Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) is a measurement for the quality of radio frequency signal which is often used in field of space localization. This paper comprehensively analyses the characteristics of RSSI possibly influenced by the factors such as temperature, the height of sensor node's position, the type of antenna and the electromagnetic interference of human body. We found that the attenuation of Received Signal Strength (RSS) varies about 5.0 dBm with the change of temperature in every 10 centigrade. The ground can reduce the radiation area of wireless signal, so that RSS is dramatically influenced by the height of its position. Patch antenna causes the attenuation of RSS about 11.2 dBm larger than helix antenna in the distance of 25 m. If the sensor node is wore in human body, the posterior position leads to the attenuation of RSS about 13.0∼16.2 dBm larger than anterior position in a specified distance range due to the electromagnetic interference of human body. Finally, some improvement devices were raised here for the WSN in the application of home healthcare according to the qualified effects of various environmental factors.
Context-Aware Personal Navigation Using Embedded Sensor Fusion in Smartphones

Context-awareness is an interesting topic in mobile navigation scenarios where the context of the application is highly dynamic. Using context-aware computing, navigation services consider the situation of user, not only in the design process, but in real time while the device is in use. The basic idea is that mobile navigation services can provide different services based on different contexts—where contexts are related to the user's activity and the device placement. Context-aware systems are concerned with the following challenges which are addressed in this paper: context acquisition, context understanding, and context-aware application adaptation. The proposed approach in this paper is using low-cost sensors in a multi-level fusion scheme to improve the accuracy and robustness of context-aware navigation system. The experimental results demonstrate the capabilities of the context-aware Personal Navigation Systems (PNS) for outdoor personal navigation using a smartphone.
Use of the Fast Orthogonal Search Method to Estimate Optimal Joint Angle For Upper Limb Hill-Muscle Models

An important aspect of accurate representation of human movement is the ability to account for differences between individuals. The following paper proposes a methodology using Hill-based candidate functions in the fast orthogonal search (FOS) method to predict translational force at the wrist from flexion and extension torque at the elbow. Within this force-prediction framework, it is possible to implicitly estimate subject-specific physiological parameters of Hill-based models of upper arm muscles. Surface electromyography data from three muscles of the upper arm (biceps brachii, brachioradialis, and triceps brachii) were recorded from ten subjects, as they performed isometric contractions at varying elbow joint angles. Estimated muscle activation level and joint angle were utilized as inputs to the FOS model. Subject-specific estimates of optimal joint angles for the three muscles were determined via frequency analysis of the selected FOS candidate functions.
Discovering Temporal Association Rules: Algorithms, Language and System

Most previous work on association rule discovery [1] overlooks time components, which are usually attached to transactions in databases. This results in the loss of the chance to discover some meaningful time-related rules. This work addresses temporal issues of association rules with the corresponding algorithms, language and system for discovering temporal association rules. 1. Temporal association rule discovery A temporal association rule [2] can be considered as a pair <AR, TF>, where AR is an implication of the form X ⇒ Y and TF is a temporal feature (e.g., a valid period, a periodicity or a specific calendar) that AR possesses. In the task of temporal association rule discovery, both association rules and temporal features are expected to be extracted from the database. From a practical point of view, it is too expensive to find all possibly hidden temporal association rules from large databases without any limitation, due to the two-dimensional solution space. The methodology adopted in this paper is eventually discovering potential temporal rules by alternatively using special search techniques for various restricted problems in an interactive and iterative process. Three forms of interesting mining tasks for temporal association rules with certain constraints are identified. These tasks are the discovery of valid time periods during which association rules hold, the discovery of possible periodicities that association rules have, and the discovery of association rules with temporal features. The search techniques and algorithms ([2], [3]) for those individual tasks have been developed and implemented in a temporal mining system. The results of experiments with synthetic datasets show that many time-related association rules that would have been missed with traditional approaches can be discovered with the techniques and approaches presented in this paper. 2. Temporal mining language and system The integrated query and mining system (IQMS) is a prototype system with an integrated query and mining interface (IQMI), supporting the discovery of temporal association rules. The kernel of the system is a temporal mining language (TML), integrated with Oracle SQL. By using this system, data miners can explore temporal association rules from databases in an iterative process, as shown in Figure 1. With the query function, the data in any Oracle database can firstly be analysed, according to the business requirements, in order to get some useful information (e.g., summary information about the data) for designing mining tasks. The mining task can then be designed and expressed in the TML language and fulfilled by the ad hoc mining function of the system. The mining results need to be further analysed to judge if the expected knowledge has been found or whether the mining task should be adjusted to make another mining effort.
Ju n 20 04 Quantum Searching via Entanglement and Partial Diffusion

In this paper, we will define a quantum operator that performs the inversion about the mean only on a subspace of the system (Partial Diffusion Operator). This operator is used in a quantum search algorithm that runs in O( √ N/M) for searching an unstructured list of size N with M matches such that 1 ≤ M ≤ N . We will show that the performance of the algorithm is more reliable than known fixed operators quantum search algorithms especially for multiple matches where we can get a solution after a single iteration with probability over 90% if the number of matches is approximately more than one-third of the search space. We will show that the algorithm will be able to handle the case where the number of matches M is unknown in advance such that 1 ≤ M ≤ N in O( √ N/M). A performance comparison with Grover’s algorithm will be provided.
Role of histone deacetylases in acute leukemia

Accumulating evidence points to a connection between cancer and transcriptional control by histone acetylation and deacetylation. This is particularly true with regard to the acute leukemias, many of which are caused by fusion proteins that have been created by chromosomal translocations. Genetic rearrangements that disrupt the retinoic acid receptor‐α and acute myeloid leukemia‐1 genes create fusion proteins that block terminal differentiation of hematopoietic cells by repressing transcription. These fusion proteins interact with nuclear hormone co‐repressors, which recruit histone deacetylases to promoters to repress transcription. This finding suggests that proteins within the histone deacetylase complexes may be potential targets for pharmaceutical intervention in many leukemia patients. J. Cell. Biochem. Suppls. 30/31:194–202, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Integrating knowledge management systems with everyday work: design principles leveraging user practice

Much research argues that information technology can have a positive influence on knowledge application. However, practical results from research on knowledge management systems indicate that such systems often fail when implemented in contemporary organizations. Whilst maintenance of knowledge management systems has been recognized as an important research area, imbalance between additional workload and accurate content still appears to be a critical factor, resulting in systems of little use for organisations in their knowledge application processes. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how knowledge management systems can be designed to better support knowledge application in organizational knowledge work processes. Building on lessons learned from three knowledge management systems, this paper contributes general design principles describing how knowledge management systems can be integrated with everyday work to leverage user practices.
Commentary on: A randomized controlled trial of fusion surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis (Forsth P, Ólafsson G, Carlsson T, Frost A, Borgström F, Fritzell P, et al. N Eng J Med 2016;374:1414-23)

Background: This article by Forsth et al. published in the New England Journal of Medicine entitled A randomized controlled trial of fusion surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis determined that decompressions alone vs. decompressions/fusions were equally effective in treating 1-2 level spinal stensois with/without degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS). Additionally, decompression alone reduced the perioperative morbidity, while reducuing the length of hospital stay (LOS), operative time, and surgical costs. Methods: Utilizing a randomized controlled design, the efficacy of 1-2 level decompressions alone vs. decompressions with fusions for lumbar spinal stenosis with/without DS (135 patients) was assessed in 247 patients between the ages of 50–80. Outcomes were analyzed at 2 and 5 postoperative years utilizing the 6-minute walk test, and the Oswestry disability index (ODI). Results: At 2 and 5 postoperative years, there were no significant clinical differences between the two groups (e.g., on the average ODI or 6-minute walk test). In addition, with decompressions alone, the LOS (averaging 7.4 days for fusion vs. 4.1 days for decompression alone), surgical time, and operative costs were markedly reduced. Furthermore, at 6.5 postoperative years, reoperation rates were comparable for both groups; 22% for decompression/fusion vs. 21% for decompression alone. Conclusions: The authors concluded that at 2 and 5 postoperative years, patients with 1-2 level spinal stenosis did equally well with decompressions alone vs. decompressions with fusions with/without degenerative spondylolisthesis. This article offers a clear message for spinal surgeons; for older patients with 1-2 level spinal stenosis with/without DS, decompresions alone will typically suffice. This reduces patient morbidity along with LOS, operative time, and surgical costs.
HESS Opinions: Deep learning as a promising avenue toward knowledge discovery in water sciences

Abstract. Recently, deep learning (DL) has emerged as a revolutionary and versatile tool transforming industry applications and generating new and improved capabilities for scientific discovery and model building. The adoption of DL in water science has so far been gradual, but the related fields are now ripe for breakthroughs. This paper proposes that DL-based methods can open up a viable, complementary avenue toward knowledge discovery in hydrologic sciences. In the new avenue, machine-learning algorithms present competing hypotheses that are consistent with data for scientists to further evaluate. Interrogative studies are invoked to interpret DL models. In addition, we lay out several opinions shared by authors: (1) deep learning may bring forth transformative progress to the field of hydrology due to its ability to assimilate big data and identify commonalities and differences; (2) The community may benefit greatly from a variety of shared datasets and open competitions; (3) Big hydrologic data can be obtained via various ways including data compilation and working with citizen scientists, which offers the co-benefits of education and stakeholder engagement; (4) Water sciences, and hydrology in particular, offer a unique set of challenges that can, in turn, stimulate advances in machine learning; and (5) An urgent need for research is hydrology-customized methods for interpreting knowledge extracted by deep learning.
The role of oxidative stress in postprandial endothelial dysfunction

Endothelial dysfunction is a turning point in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis and its complications and is predictive of future cardiovascular events. Ingestion of high-carbohydrate or high-fat meals often results in postprandial hyperglycaemia and/or hypertriacylglycerolaemia that may lead to a transient impairment in endothelial function. The present review will discuss human studies evaluating the impact of high-carbohydrate and high-fat challenges on postprandial endothelial function as well as the potential role of oxidative stress in such postprandial metabolic alterations. Moreover, the present review will differentiate the postprandial endothelial and oxidative impact of meals rich in varying fatty acid types.
Prostate and colon cancer screening messages in popular magazines

AbstractOBJECTIVES: To 1) compare the number of articles published about prostate, colon, and breast cancer in popular magazines during the past 2 decades, and 2) evaluate the content of indepth prostate and colon cancer screening articles identified from 1996 to 2001. DESIGN: We used a searchable database to identify the number of prostate, colon, and breast cancer articles published in three magazines with the highest circulation from six categories. In addition, we performed a systematic review on the in-depth (≥2 pages) articles on prostate and colon cancer screening that appeared from 1996 through 2001. RESULTS: Although the number of magazine articles on prostate and colon cancer published in the 1990s increased compared to the 1980s, the number of articles is approximately one third of breast cancer articles. There were 36 in-depth articles from 1996 to 2001 in which prostate or colon cancer screening were mentioned. Over 90% of the articles recommended screening. However, of those articles, only 76% (25/33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 58% to 89%) cited screening guidelines. The benefits of screening were mentioned in 89% (32/36; 95% CI, 74% to 97%) but the harms were only found in 58% (21/36; 95% CI, 41% to 75%). Only 28% (10/36; 95% CI, 14% to 45%) of the articles provided all the necessary information needed for the reader to make an informed decision. CONCLUSIONS: In-depth articles about prostate and colon cancer in popular magazines do not appear as frequently as articles about breast cancer. The available articles on prostate and colon cancer screening often do not provide the information necessary for the reader to make an informed decision about screening.
Super-resolution reconstruction of sparse dictionaries based on integrated feature

Traditional learning-based super-resolution (SR) algorithms just use simple image gradient features that make it difficult to take advantage of the prior information of training samples. This paper proposes an integrated feature which combination the improved first-order, second-order gradient and median features. Through the joint training of high resolution (HR) and low resolution (LR) image block dictionaries, we can strengthen the similarity of HR and LR image blocks with their corresponding real dictionary sparse representation, so that the sparse representation of LR image blocks and HR over-complete dictionary work together. It can better grasp the connection between the high-frequency components of the image, while retaining the useful low-frequency information to obtain a more accurate prediction. In this paper, we get PSNR and SSIM higher than other algorithms on the Yang and Set5 datasets, and we can see the prominent edge detail to keep the image and clear edge information.
Promoters with Cancer Cell-Specific Activity for Melanoma Gene Therapy

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive tumors. It develops from pigment-forming cells (melanocytes) and results in a high number of lethal outcomes. The use of genetic constructs with the ability to specifically kill melanoma cells, but not normal cells, might increase the lifespan of patients, as well as improve their quality of life. One of the methods to achieve a selective impact for therapeutic genes on cancer cells is to utilize a transcriptional control mechanism using promoters that are specifically activated only in cancerous cells. In this review, promoters of the genes that are preferentially expressed in melanoma cells are described. These promoters, and other highly melanoma-specific regulatory elements, reduce the unspecific expression of therapeutic genes in normal tissues. Moreover, cancer-specific promoters and their elements are advantageous for the development of universal anticancer drugs. Examples of the use of double promoters that have a high potential as instruments in cancer gene therapy are also given in this review.
Optimized Aaronson-Gottesman stabilizer circuit simulation through quantum circuit transformations

In this paper we improve the layered implementation of arbitrary stabilizer circuits introduced by Aaronson and Gottesman in {\it Phys. Rev. A 70(052328)}, 2004. In particular, we reduce their 11-stage computation -H-C-P-C-P-C-H-P-C-P-C- into an 8-stage computation of the form -H-C-CZ-P-H-P-CZ-C-. We show arguments in support of using -CZ- stages over the -C- stages: not only the use of -CZ- stages allows a shorter layered expression, but -CZ- stages are simpler and appear to be easier to implement compared to the -C- stages. Relying on the 8-stage decomposition we develop a two-qubit depth-$(14n-4)$ implementation of stabilizer circuits over the gate library {P,H,CNOT}, executable in the LNN architecture, improving best previously known depth-$25n$ circuit, also executable in the LNN architecture. Our constructions rely on folding arbitrarily long sequences $($-P-C-$)^m$ into a 3-stage computation -P-CZ-C-, as well as efficient implementation of the -CZ- stage circuits.
If Precipitation Extremes Are Increasing, Why Aren't Floods?

Despite evidence of increasing precipitation extremes, corresponding evidence for increases in flooding remains elusive. If anything, flood magnitudes are decreasing despite widespread claims by the climate community that if precipitation extremes increase, floods must also. In this commentary we suggest reasons why increases in extreme rainfall are not resulting in corresponding increases in flooding. Among the possible mechanisms responsible, we identify decreases in antecedent soil moisture, decreasing storm extent, and decreases in snowmelt. We argue that understanding the link between changes in precipitation and changes in flooding is a grand challenge for the hydrologic community and is deserving of increased attention.
[Long term survival of patients operated for early gastric cancer].

BACKGROUND Early gastric cancer involves mucosa and submucosa, independent of lymph node involvement. Radical gastrectomy is the standard treatment. AIM To assess long term survival of patients operated for an early gastric cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective review of medical and pathology records of patients subjected to a gastrectomy for an early gastric cancer, between 1975 and 2002. All were treated using a standardized protocol and staged according to 2002 TNM classification of the American Joint Committee of Cancer (AJCC). Demographic and pathologic features, operation performed and long term survival were recorded. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS The series is comprised by 64 males and 41 females aged 61 +/- 1 years. Tumor was located in the upper third of the stomach on 33 subjects and a total gastrectomy was performed in 53. Pathology showed an intestinal type adenocarcinoma in 82 and a diffuse type in 23. In patients with involvement of mucosa and submucosa, 24 +/- 14 and 22 +/- 14 lymph nodes were excised, respectively. Lymph node involvement was present in 8% and 22% of patients with involvement of mucosa and submucosa, respectively. Five years survival was 94% and 78% in patients without and with lymph node involvement, respectively. Survival among patients in stage IA and IB was 94% and 76%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the lymph node involvement was an independent mortality risk factor. CONCLUSIONS Total gastrectomy in patients with early gastric cancer is associated with a good survival. Lymph node involvement is a mortality risk factor.
Suppression of left ventricular early diastolic filling by long axis asynchrony.

OBJECTIVE--To assess how early diastolic transmitral flow is suppressed in a group of patients in whom effective ventricular filling occurred exclusively with atrial systole. DESIGN--Prospective examination of the left ventricular transverse and longitudinal axes and transmitral Doppler flow. SETTING--A tertiary referral centre for cardiac diseases. SUBJECTS--20 patients (mean (SD) age 65 (10) years) with isolated transmitral late diastolic flow were studied. None had sinus tachycardia, prolonged PR interval or a summation flow pattern. 21 normal individuals of similar age served as controls. RESULTS--The left ventricle was usually dilated, end diastolic diameter (6.6 (1.0) v 4.9 (0.5) cm, P < 0.001) and end systolic diameter (5.4 (1.1) v 3.3 (0.5) cm, P < 0.001) were both increased, and fractional shortening of the minor axis reduced (16 (7)% v 30 (10)%, P < 0.001) in patients in whom left ventricular early diastolic filling was absent compared with those of normal controls. Mitral valve opening was late after aortic valve closure (A2) (115 (30) v 60 (10) ms, P < 0.001). The minor axis increased during this period (30 (20)% v 8.6 (2.5)%, P < 0.001). Onset of detectable transmitral flow was further delayed after cusp separation (85 (25) v 25 (10) ms, P < 0.001). Left ventricular long axis function was very abnormal. Onset of shortening was delayed with respect to the q wave at the left and septal sites (150 (40) v 90 (20) ms and 145 (30) v 80 (10) ms respectively, P < 0.001) and major shortening occurred after, rather than before, A2 (25 (12) v -10 (2.5)% and 50 (30) v -6.6 (0.3)% total excursion, P < 0.001). Although the long axis lengthened a little at the start of early diastole, its dominant component occurred in late diastole to coincide with atrial systole. The relative A wave was thus greatly increased at both sites (67 (17) v 29 (6)% and 77 (13) v 33 (8)%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION--Prolonged left ventricular long axis shortening and delayed onset of lengthening effectively suppress early diastolic transmitral flow even though the minor axis increases and mitral cusps separate apparently normally. This grossly asynchronous left ventricular relaxation may interfere with filling by dissipating normal ventricular restoring forces.