Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BACK END STORAGE Get Put Post FRONT END Redis Find / Browse fork Python / Perl / Java Bindings Edit View Run Share Web Browser Main RCloud process text indices SOLR

Consider the emerging role of data science teams embedded in larger organizations. Individual analysts work on loosely related problems, and must share their findings with each other and the organization at large, moving results from exploratory data analyses (EDA) into automated visualizations, diagnostics and reports deployed for wider consumption. There are two problems with the current practice. First, there are gaps in this workflow: EDA is performed with one set of tools, and automated reports and deployments with another. Second, these environments often assume a single-developer perspective, while data scientist teams could get much benefit from easier sharing of scripts and data feeds, experiments, annotations, and automated recommendations, which are well beyond what traditional version control systems provide. We contribute and justify the following three requirements for systems built to support current data science teams and users: discoverability, technology transfer, and coexistence. In addition, we contribute the design and implementation of RCloud, a system that supports the requirements of collaborative data analysis, visualization and web deployment. About 100 people used RCloud for two years. We report on interviews with some of these users, and discuss design decisions, tradeoffs and limitations in comparison to other approaches.
Grounding blue-sky research: how can ethnography help?

In many cases, such as those just cited, the intention is to provide early input into system design or redesign as opposed to late evaluation of a near-complete prototype, or to illuminate problems or advantages of existing systems and practices. In most of these cases, the design focus is, at a general level, well understood. The ethnographic analysts set out with a fairly clear idea of what the problem domain is and what activities should be considered central to their inquiry. In contrast, the issue we tackle in this paper concerns the value of ethnography in developing innovative technologies and services where we have few assumptions about our intended products to begin with. How can an understanding of current practices of work, home, education, and play help us to invent, design, and develop the next generation of completely new products? Perhaps we should begin by considering the types of organizations where we expect the next generation of products to be conceived. Over the last couple of decades, a number of large technology companies and universities have established laboratories for " blue-sky " technology research. This involves building and evaluating ambitious prototypes of computer based systems that are non-incremental innovations of existing technology and unlikely to be " productized " within 5 years. Xerox PARC, Apple Research Labs, the MIT Media Lab, and Interval are fairly well known examples of such places. Researchers, from a diversity of backgrounds in the so-called " hard " and " soft " sciences, and increasingly in the arts, invent, develop, study, and even live inside innovative technologies for the future. For example, the charter for the Media Lab is " to invent and creatively exploit new media for human well being and individual satisfaction, without regard to present day constraints " [15]. A driving aspiration is to develop the next " killer app " and, more generally, to play a major part in shaping paradigm shifts in computing and communications technologies. Certainly there is no shortage of good ideas for new products based on research or, indeed, new techniques for designing or prototyping them. For example, a group manager at Apple Research Labs once told us that as he walked from his office to the cafeteria he could easily come up with 20 new ideas for products. Similarly , it is normal in the blue-sky research culture to experiment with innovative design methods, such as …
Incidence of Lower Urinary Tract Injury at the Time of Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy

Objectives: To determine the incidence of and risk factors for injury to the lower urinary tract during total laparoscopic hysterectomy. Methods: All patients who underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign disease from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2005, at an academic medical center are included. Subjects undergoing laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy, supracervical hysterectomy, or hysterectomy for malignancy were excluded. Intraoperative cystoscopy with intravenous indigo carmine was routinely performed. Relevant data were abstracted to determine the incidence of lower urinary tract injury, predictors of injury, and postoperative complications. Results: Total laparoscopic hysterectomy was performed in 126 consecutive subjects. Two (1.6%) cystotomies were noted and repaired before cystoscopy was performed. Two (1.6%) additional cystotomies were detected during cystos-copy. Absent ureteral spill of indigo carmine was detected in 2 subjects: 1 (0.8%) with previously unknown renal disease and 1 (0.8%) with ureteral obstruction that was relieved with subsequent suture removal. Only 40% (2/5) of injuries were recognized without the use of cystoscopy with indigo car-mine. The overall incidence of injury to the lower urinary tract was 4.0%. No subjects required postoperative intervention to the lower urinary tract within the 6-week perioperative period. Performing a ureterolysis was associated with an increased rate (odds ratio 8.7, 95%CI, 1.2-170, P=0.024) of lower urinary tract injury. Conclusion: Surgeons should consider performing cystoscopy with intravenous indigo carmine dye at the time of total laparoscopic hysterectomy.
Enhanced G2/M Arrest, Caspase Related Apoptosis and Reduced E-Cadherin Dependent Intercellular Adhesion by Trabectedin in Prostate Cancer Stem Cells

Trabectedin (Yondelis, ET-743) is a marine-derived tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid. It is originally derived from the Caribbean marine tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata and currently produced synthetically. Trabectedin is active against a variety of tumor cell lines growing in culture. The present study focused on the effect of trabectedin in cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and spheroid formation in prostate cancer stem cells (CSCs). Cluster of differentiation (CD) 133+high/CD44+high prostate CSCs were isolated from the DU145 and PC-3 human prostate cancer cell line through flow cytometry. We studied the growth-inhibitory effects of trabectedin and its molecular mechanisms on human prostate CSCs and non-CSCs. DU-145 and PC-3 CSCs were treated with 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 nM trabectedin for 24, 48 and 72 h and the growth inhibition rates were examined using the sphere-forming assay. Annexin-V assay and immunofluorescence analyses were performed for the detection of the cell death. Concentration-dependent effects of trabectedin on the cell cycle were also evaluated. The cells were exposed to the different doses of trabectedin for 24, 48 and 72 h to evaluate the effect of trabectedin on the number and diameter of spheroids. According to the results, trabectedin induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis at the IC50 dose, resulting in a significant increase expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, p53 and decrease expression of bcl-2 in dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analyses revealed that trabectedin induces dose-dependent G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest, particularly at high-dose treatments. Three-dimensional culture studies showed that trabectedin reduced the number and diameter of spheroids of DU145 and PC3 CSCs. Furthermore, we have found that trabectedin disrupted cell-cell interactions via E-cadherin in prostasphere of DU-145 and PC-3 CSCs. Our results showed that trabectedin inhibits cellular proliferation and accelerates apoptotic events in prostate CSCs; and may be a potential effective therapeutic agent against prostate cancer.
Comparing Classifier Combining Techniques for Mobile-Masquerader Detection

Contemporary mobile terminals (smartphones, PDAs, communicators) are often used to store or access sensitive private or corporate information, and an unauthorized use of these terminals may result in an abuse of this information. In order to resist such unauthorized use, along with traditional authentication mechanisms, the means of masquerader detection can be employed. In this paper, the problem of mobile-masquerader detection is approached as a classification problem. The detection is based on the monitoring of the current user behavior and environment, and matching them with the behavior and the environment of the legitimate user. The matching is performed by an ensemble of the so-called one-class classifiers each analyzing a separate set of behavioral or environmental features, and classifying the current values of these features as belonging to the legitimate user or not. Using a combining scheme, the individual classifications of these classifiers are combined so as to improve the final classification accuracy. In the paper, three combining schemes are empirically compared in the context of mobile-masquerader detection; these are the mean of the estimated probabilities (MP), the product combination of probabilities (PP), and the modified mean of the estimated probabilities (modMP) rules. According to the results of experiments, the use of modMP rule is justified in mobile-masquerader detection, since this rule provides the classification accuracy greater than or approximately equal to the accuracy of the other rules. Meanwhile, the obtained results suggest that, for the modMP rule to provide high classification accuracy, the means of the classifier outputs need to be estimated accurately
Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on URIs and Influenza in Crowded, Urban Households

Objectives. We compared the impact of three household interventions—education, education with alcohol-based hand sanitizer, and education with hand sanitizer and face masks—on incidence and secondary transmission of upper respiratory infections (URIs) and influenza, knowledge of transmission of URIs, and vaccination rates. Methods. A total of 509 primarily Hispanic households participated. Participants reported symptoms twice weekly, and nasal swabs were collected from those with an influenza-like illness (ILI). Households were followed for up to 19 months and home visits were made at least every two months. Results. We recorded 5,034 URIs, of which 669 cases reported ILIs and 78 were laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza. Demographic factors significantly associated with infection rates included age, gender, birth location, education, and employment. The Hand Sanitizer group was significantly more likely to report that no household member had symptoms (p<0.01), but there were no significant differences in rates of infection by intervention group in multivariate analyses. Knowledge improved significantly more in the Hand Sanitizer group (p<0.0001). The proportion of households that reported ≥50% of members receiving influenza vaccine increased during the study (p<0.001). Despite the fact that compliance with mask wearing was poor, mask wearing as well as increased crowding, lower education levels of caretakers, and index cases 0–5 years of age (compared with adults) were associated with significantly lower secondary transmission rates (all p<0.02). Conclusions. In this population, there was no detectable additional benefit of hand sanitizer or face masks over targeted education on overall rates of URIs, but mask wearing was associated with reduced secondary transmission and should be encouraged during outbreak situations. During the study period, community concern about methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was occurring, perhaps contributing to the use of hand sanitizer in the Education control group, and diluting the intervention's measurable impact.
Chronic Pain Conditions and Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts: An Epidemiologic Perspective

ObjectivesInvestigations of the association between chronic pain conditions and suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA) have rarely taken the effect of mental disorders into account and have been limited by nonrepresentative samples. The present study used a large population-based sample to investigate the association between chronic pain conditions and SI and SA. MethodsData were from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 1.2 public use file conducted by Statistics Canada from 2001 to 2002 (N=36,984; response rate 77%). Respondents were asked if they had been diagnosed with the following painful conditions: migraine, back problems, arthritis, and fibromyalgia. Respondents were assessed for past 12-month SI and SA. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to assess Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV. ResultsAfter adjusting for sociodemographics, Axis I mental disorders and comorbidity (3 or more mental disorders), the presence of 1 or more chronic pain conditions was associated with both SI and SA. Among respondents with a mental disorder, comorbidity with 1 or more chronic pain conditions was also associated with SI and SA. In models adjusting for other painful conditions, migraine had the strongest link with SI and SA. DiscussionThis is the first study to demonstrate the association between several chronic pain conditions and SI and SA while adjusting for mental disorders in a nationally representative sample. Moreover, this study demonstrates that among individuals with a mental disorder, having a chronic pain condition significantly increased the association with SI and SA.
Adhesion and signaling molecules controlling the transmigration of leukocytes through endothelium

Summary: Migration of leukocytes into tissue is a key element of innate and adaptive immunity. While the capturing of leukocytes to the blood vessel wall is well understood, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the actual transmigration of leukocytes through the vessel wall (diapedesis). Even a basic question such as whether leukocytes migrate through openings between adjacent endothelial cells (junctional pathway) or through single endothelial cells (transcellular pathway) is still a matter of intensive debate. It is generally accepted that both pathways exist; however, whether they are of equal physiological significance is unclear. Several endothelial adhesion and signaling molecules have been identified, most of them at endothelial cell contacts, which participate in leukocyte diapedesis. A concept is evolving suggesting that transendothelial migration of leukocytes is a stepwise process. Blocking or eliminating some of the different adhesion and signaling proteins results in very different effects, such as trapping of leukocytes above endothelial cell contacts, in between endothelial cells, or between the endothelium and the underlying basement membrane. Other proteins are involved in the opening of endothelial cell contacts and yet others in their maintenance providing the barrier for extravasating leukocytes. The various molecular players and the functional steps involved in diapedesis are discussed.
Light-Induced Discomfort and Pain in Migraine

Quantitative thresholds for discomfort and pain with monocular and binocular light stimuli were measured in 67 controls and 67 migraine patients 37 migraine with aura and 30 migraine without aura). Patients were more photophobic during attack than outside attack (p<0.03), and they were more sensitive to light than controls even between attacks (p0001). We found no differences in light sensitivity between migraine with aura and migraine without aura (p0.93). Unilateral pain affected light sensitivity on both sides. When asked with a questionnaire, 74% of patients answered that they were sensitive to light outside attack and 100% were sensitive during attack. Pain thresholds were generally lower among sensitive than non-sensitive patients (p=0.004), indicating some agreement between subjective opinion and objective measurements of photophobia. Photophobia seems to be an intrinsic property of migraineurs. It is increased by migraine pain, but seems to be unrelated to migraine characteristics such as nausea, severity of attacks, pain character and pain laterality.
The vitelliform macular dystrophy protein defines a new family of chloride channels

Vitelliform macular dystrophy (VMD/Best disease; MIM*153700) is an early-onset autosomal dominant disorder in which accumulation of lipofuscin-like material within and beneath the retinal pigment epithelium is associated with a progressive loss of central vision. Bestrophin, the protein product of the VMD gene, has four predicted transmembrane domains. There are multiple bestrophin homologues in the human, Drosophila, and Caenorhabditis elegans genomes, but no function has previously been ascribed to these proteins, and they show no detectable homology to other proteins of known function. Using heterologous expression, we show here that human, Drosophila, and C. elegans bestrophins form oligomeric chloride channels, and that human bestrophin is sensitive to intracellular calcium. Each of 15 missense mutations asscociated with VMD greatly reduces or abolishes the membrane current. Four of these mutant bestrophins were coexpressed with the wild type and each dominantly inhibited the wild-type membrane current, consistent with the dominant nature of the disease. These experiments establish the existence of a new chloride channel family and VMD as a channelopathy.
Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in alcoholics, alcoholics with drug dependence, and cocaine addicts.

The main objective of this investigation was to study the influence of drug dependence on platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in the presence and absence of alcoholism. One hundred and thirteen admissions to alcohol and drug treatment facilities participated in the study. Twenty-six met the criteria for alcoholism (group I), seventy-eight subjects were alcohol-/cocaine- and cannabis-dependent (group II), and the remaining nine were patients with DSM-III-R diagnosis of cocaine addiction (group III). MAO activity was assayed radiochemically with [14C]tyramine as a substrate (221 microM). The results of this study showed that platelet MAO activity [nmol of product formed x (mg protein)-1 x hr-1] (mean +/- SE) was significantly (p < 0.01) lower in all of these subjects (group I, 5.50 +/- 0.80; group II, 3.90 +/- 0.50; group III, 4.3 +/- 1.60) as compared with controls (14.85 +/- 1.13). Measurements of platelet MAO activity may provide us with a reliable biochemical marker for alcoholism and perhaps addiction to other substances of abuse (i.e., cocaine).
Cerebral Amyloid Induces Aberrant Axonal Sprouting and Ectopic Terminal Formation in Amyloid Precursor Protein Transgenic Mice

A characteristic feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the formation of amyloid plaques in the brain. Although this hallmark pathology has been well described, the biological effects of plaques are poorly understood. To study the effect of amyloid plaques on axons and neuronal connectivity, we have examined the axonal projections from the entorhinal cortex in aged amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice that exhibit cerebral amyloid deposition in plaques and vessels (APP23 mice). Here we report that entorhinal axons form dystrophic boutons around amyloid plaques in the entorhinal termination zone of the hippocampus. More importantly, entorhinal boutons were found associated with amyloid in ectopic locations within the hippocampus, the thalamus, white matter tracts, as well as surrounding vascular amyloid. Many of these ectopic entorhinal boutons were immunopositive for the growth-associated protein GAP-43 and showed light and electron microscopic characteristics of axonal terminals. Our findings suggest that (1) cerebral amyloid deposition has neurotropic effects and is the main cause of aberrant sprouting in AD brain; (2) the magnitude and significance of sprouting in AD have been underestimated; and (3) cerebral amyloid leads to the disruption of neuronal connectivity which, in turn, may significantly contribute to AD dementia.
Surface Electrical Stimulation for Treating Swallowing Disorders after Stroke: A Review of the Stimulation Intensity Levels and the Electrode Placements

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for treating dysphagia is a relatively new therapeutic method. There is a paucity of evidence about the use of NMES in patients with dysphagia caused by stroke. The present review aimed to introduce and discuss studies that have evaluated the efficacy of this method amongst dysphagic patients following stroke with emphasis on the intensity of stimulation (sensory or motor level) and the method of electrode placement on the neck. The majority of the reviewed studies describe some positive effects of the NMES on the neck musculature in the swallowing performance of poststroke dysphagic patients, especially when the intensity of the stimulus is adjusted at the sensory level or when the motor electrical stimulation is applied on the infrahyoid muscles during swallowing.
Natural language call routing: a robust, self-organizing approach

We have developed a domain independent, automatically trained, call router which directs customer calls based on their response to an open-ended “How may I direct your call? ” query. Routing behavior is trained from a corpus of transcribed and hand-routed calls and then carried out using vector-based information retrieval techniques. Terms consist of sequences of morphologically reduced content words. Documents representing routing destinations consist of weighted term frequencies derived from calls to that destination in the training corpus. In this paper, we evaluate our approach in the context of a large ﬁnancial services call center with thousands of possible customer activities and dozens of routing destinations. We evaluate the system’s performance on ambiguous and unambiguous calls when given either accurate transcriptions or fairly noisy real-time speech recognizer output. We conclude that in a highly complex call center, our system performs at roughly the same level of accuracy as human operators.
A technique for lower bounding the cover time

A general technique for proving lower bounds on expected covering times of random walks on graphs in terms of expected hitting times between vertices is given. This technique is used to prove (i) A tight bound of $\Omega ( | V |\log^2 | V | )$ for the two-dimensional torus; (ii) A tight bound of $\Omega ( | V |\log ^2 | V |/ \log d_{\max } )$ for trees with maximum degree $d_{\max } $; (iii) Tight bounds of $\Omega ( \mu ^ + \log ^2 | V | )$ for rapidly mixing walks on vertex transitive graphs, where $\mu^+$ denotes the maximum expected hitting time between vertices.In addition to these new results, the technique allows several known lower bounds on cover times to be systematically proved, often in a much simpler way.Finally, a different technique is used to prove an $\Omega ( 1 / ( 1 - \lambda _2 ) )$ lower bound on the cover time, where $\lambda_2 $ is the second largest eigenvalue of the transition matrix. This was previously known only in the case where the walk starts in the stationary distribution [.