Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SIMULTANEOUS OBSERVATIONS OF SiO AND H2O MASERS TOWARD SYMBIOTIC STARS

We present the results of simultaneous observations of SiO v = 1, 2, J = 1–0, 29SiO v = 0, J = 1–0, and H2O 616–523 maser lines performed with the KVN Yonsei 21 m radio telescope from 2009 November to 2010 January. We searched for these masers in 47 symbiotic stars and detected maser emission from 21 stars, giving the first time detection from 19 stars. Both SiO and H2O masers were detected from seven stars of which six were D-type symbiotic stars and one was an S-type star, WRAY 15-1470. In the SiO maser emission, the 28SiO v = 1 maser was detected from 10 stars, while the v = 2 maser was detected from 15 stars. In particular, the 28SiO v = 2 maser emission without the v = 1 maser detection was detected from nine stars with a detection rate of 60%, which is much higher than that of isolated Miras/red giants. The 29SiO v = 0 maser emission was also detected from two stars, H 2-38 and BF Cyg, together with the 28SiO v = 2 maser. We conclude that these different observational results between isolated Miras/red giants and symbiotic stars may be related with the presence of hot companions in a symbiotic binary system.
Fabrication of scrolled magnetic thin film patterns

Magnetic film scrolls have been fabricated via a deterministic release of rectangular patterns of bimetallic Ti (20 nm)/Ni (20 , 30 or 40 nm) films from a sacrificial Cu underlayer. The diameter of the scrolls varied from 2.64 μm to 4.28 μm with increasing thickness of the Ni layer from 20 to 40 nm. This behavior was found to be consistent with the model of bilayered film with interfacial strain between the Ti and Ni layers of about Δɛ = 0.01. Changing the geometry of the patterns from flat patterns to scrolls led to changes in their magnetic properties.
A 5.57 hr modulation in the optical counterpart of 2S 1822-371

A periodic 5.57 hr modulation has been observed in the optical counterpart of the X-ray source 2S 1822-371. Two alternative periods are consistent with the data: P = 0.232114d and P = 0.232191d, with statistical uncertainties of 0.000015d in each case. Minimum light occurred at JD 2,444,105.668 + or - 0.005. The amplitude of the modulation is about 1 mag, independent of UBV color, and no variability exceeding the 2% level other than the 5.57 hr effect is found on time scales down to a few seconds. The light curve of the star can be understood in terms of a highly inclined close binary system which contains a relatively large, luminous accretion disk that is periodically occulted by a companion star and an associated gas stream. On the assumption that the companion is a main-sequence star, the distance of the system is found to be more than 600 pc, based on the absence of color variations commensurate with the 5.57 hr intensity cycle.
Estimating the Location of a Metal Strip Using Radial Basis Function Neural Networks

In this paper a neural network model is presented for solving the two-dimensional inverse scattering problem of a metal strip. The proposed model estimates the location of the strip based on the back-scattering field measurements at a few distant points. A radial basis functions neural network is adopted. Besides its remarkably fast response, the proposed model is capable of estimating the location of the strip with very high accuracy.
Least mean mixed-norm adaptive filtering

A new family of stochastic gradient adaptive filter algorithms is proposed which is based on mixed error norms. These algorithms combine the advantages of different error norms, for example the conventional, relatively well-behaved, least mean square algorithm and the more sensitive, but better converging, least mean fourth algorithm. A mixing parameter is included which controls the proportions of the error norms and offers an extra degree of freedom within the adaptation. A system identification simulation is used to demonstrate the performance of a least mean mixed-norm (square and fourth) algorithm.
Flexible Colorization for Greyscale Videos

A flexible video colorization system is proposed that propagates color from one frame to its adjacent frames based on acquiring color from neighboring pixels, color interpolation, connected component analysis, and post processing to accomplish the work of video colorization. Users can obtain a preliminary result by setting some proper thresholds, and then get a finer result in the post processing stage. The experimental results show that our approach can provide satisfactory colorization results.
Uncertainty and traceability in calibration by comparison

The objective of this article is to present a methodology for the evaluation of uncertainties in the results of calibration by comparison, based on the implementation of the concept of traceability and on the use of weighted least squares fitting. The general case, where the measuring equipment is tested against a standard of higher metrological quality at several points on a range, is considered. The proposed methodology deals with not only the experimental data in each calibration point but also their quality. The fact that both the outputs of the reference standard and the indications of the device under calibration are characterized by their own uncertainty is also taken into account. In this way calibration leads not only to determination of the coefficients of the calibration curve, but also to estimation of their uncertainties. This is particularly useful when a statement of uncertainty which concerns a range of values rather than a single result is required.
Patterned low temperature copper-rich deposits using inkjet printing

A PZT piezoelectric ceramic research drop-on-demand inkjet print head operating in bend mode was used as a means of delivering a copper precursor, vinyltrimethylsilane copper (+1) hexafluoroacetylacetonate, in a controlled and placement accurate fashion. The reagent disproportionates at low temperature (<200 °C), to deposit copper on glass. These deposits are shown to be more than 90% copper by weight by electron probe microanalysis and microbeam Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. Microscopy shows a deposit diameter and three-dimensional profile that suggests a complex deposition and conversion mechanism. Our findings represent an important step towards the manufacture of electronic devices by entirely nonlithographic means.
A fast Euler solver for steady flows

A numerical technique to solve the Euler equations for steady, two-dimensional flows is presented. The technique extends to two-dimensional problems a formulation which was found to be extremely efficient for one-dimensional flows. Generalized Riemann variables are defined along two families of orthogonal coordinates, and integrated separately, sweeping back and forth alternatively along coordinate lines. The technique is second-order accurate and converges very rapidly. In addition, each step requires a minimal number of operations. Preliminary results for subsonic and transonic shockless flows are presented and discussed.
A sequence of physical processes determined and quantified in LAOS: An instantaneous local 2D/3D approach

An entirely new way of analyzing linear and nonlinear oscillatory material responses is presented. The new quantitative sequence of physical processes (SPP) method views generic oscillatory responses within the Frenet-Serret frame as sequences of planar 2D curves embedded in the 3D space defined by the strain, strain rate, and stress axes. Associated with the curve within each so-called “osculating” plane is a binormal vector that wholly determines the orientation of the plane. Physically meaningful information is obtained by calculating the angles between a modified form of the binormal vector and two reference vectors from local information at any point in a cycle. Information from a full period of oscillation is not a requirement of this technique, so that moduli can be calculated from partial or incomplete oscillations. Time-dependent phase and complex modulus information, or dynamic moduli information are obtainable throughout a period for arbitrary oscillatory responses. The SPP method is applied to.
Tree structure matching pursuit based on Gaussian scale mixtures model

Compressed Sensing (CS) theory has gained so much attention recently in the areas of signal processing. The sparsity of the transform coefficients has been widely employed in the early CS recovery techniques. However, except for the sparsity, there are other priors about transform coefficients such as the tree structure and the statistical dependencies that could be employed in CS reconstruction. In this paper, we propose to introduce the Gaussian Scale Mixtures (GSM) model into the tree structure based Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (TSOMP) reconstruction algorithm. This GSM model can efficiently denote the statistical dependencies between wavelet coefficients. And these statistical dependencies will improve the accuracy of the searching of the tree structure subspace in TSOMP algorithm. When both the inter-scale dependences (such as GSM model) of the coefficients and the intra-scale dependences (such as tree structure) of the coefficients are combined into the Orthogonal Matching Pursuit reconstruction algorithm, the noise and instability in TSOMP reconstruction are well reduced. Some state-of-the-art methods are compared with the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves reconstruction accuracy for a given number of measurements and more image details are recovered.
Interpreting observations of molecular outflow sources: the MHD shock code mhd_vode

The planar MHD shock code mhd_vode has been developed in order to simulate both continuous (C) type shock waves and jump (J) type shock waves in the interstellar medium. The physical and chemical state of the gas in steady-state may also be computed and used as input to a shock wave model. The code is written principally in FORTRAN 90, although some routines remain in FORTRAN 77. The documented program and its input data are described and provided as supplementary material, and the results of exemplary test runs are presented. Our intention is to enable the interested user to run the code for any sensible parameter set and to comprehend the results. With applications to molecular outflow sources in mind, we have computed, and are making available as supplementary material, integrated atomic and molecular line intensities for grids of C- and J-type models; these computations are summarized in the Appendices.
The relation between upstream density and temperature widths in the scrape-off layer and the power width in an attached divertor

The target power width is one of the most critical practical quantities in the development of magnetic fusion energy. It is essential to know how to scale this quantity to future devices. At present the controlling physics is not adequately understood, making reliable prediction difficult. It seems likely that two important processes effecting are (a) cross-field transport, e.g. D⊥, and (b) volumetric power loss processes in the edge plasma, with the latter tending to occur mainly in the divertor for attached divertor conditions. It is hypothesized that a simple relation exists between the ‘upstream’ radial profiles of ne and Te in the main scrape-off layer, , , and the parallel power flux density at the divertor entrance, . Such a simple relation is found here in 2D SOLPS edge code simulations of attached divertor conditions, which contain a wide range of more or less complex edge physics effects. It is found that , as can be expected on the basis of flux-limited parallel heat conduction, rather than Spitzer–Harm conduction for which is expected. For the relatively open divertor configuration considered, and for attached divertor conditions, it is found that the flux-limited relationship also holds for the SOLPS power flux density deposited on the target , even including the radiation load; this despite the fact that up to half the power into the SOL is dissipated radiatively. Comparing with experimentally measured target power widths for H-mode discharges, better agreement is found assuming flux limited rather than Spitzer–Harm transport although definitive conclusions will require analysis of specific discharges in specific tokamaks. This study is a necessary preliminary work to an equivalent treatment of the case where volumetric losses in the divertor are stronger, including the detached, strongly radiating divertor case with momentum loss.
Bayesian Nonparametric Modeling for Causal Inference

Researchers have long struggled to identify causal effects in nonexperimental settings. Many recently proposed strategies assume ignorability of the treatment assignment mechanism and require fitting two models—one for the assignment mechanism and one for the response surface. This article proposes a strategy that instead focuses on very flexibly modeling just the response surface using a Bayesian nonparametric modeling procedure, Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART). BART has several advantages: it is far simpler to use than many recent competitors, requires less guesswork in model fitting, handles a large number of predictors, yields coherent uncertainty intervals, and fluidly handles continuous treatment variables and missing data for the outcome variable. BART also naturally identifies heterogeneous treatment effects. BART produces more accurate estimates of average treatment effects compared to propensity score matching, propensity-weighted estimators, and regression adjustment in the nonlinear simulation situations examined. Further, it is highly competitive in linear settings with the “correct” model, linear regression. Supplemental materials including code and data to replicate simulations and examples from the article as well as methods for population inference are available online.
Simulation of two‐phase flow with moving immersed boundaries

A two‐dimensional multi‐phase model for immiscible binary fluid flow including moving immersed objects is presented. The fluid motion is described by the incompressible Navier–Stokes equation coupled with a phase‐field model based on van der Waals' free energy density and the Cahn–Hilliard equation. A new phase‐field boundary condition was implemented with minimization of the free energy in a direct way, to specifically improve the physical behavior of the contact line dynamics for moving immersed objects. Numerical stability and execution time were significantly improved by the use of the new boundary condition. Convergence toward the analytical solution was demonstrated for equilibrium contact angle, the Lucas–Washburn theory and Stefan's problem. The proposed model may be used for multi‐phase flow problems with moving boundaries of complex geometry, such as the penetration of fluid into a deformable, porous medium. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of Computed Global Radiation for Areas of High Relief

Abstract The variation over uneven terrain of the daily total of incident shortwave (global) radiation under cloudless conditions may be estimated by existing methods for calculating direct and diffuse solar radiation on a slope. A computer program for performing these calculations, incorporating a technique to determine when the direct rays of the sun are screened by the horizon at each point, is described. The adequacy of the approximation for diffuse radiation is considered by comparison with published data. Computations for an area of east Baffin Island, Northwest Territories, Canada, demonstrate that the occurrence of glaciers there is influenced both by elevation and by solar radiation. The potential of such computations as an aid in selecting station sites for climatological studies is also discussed.
Rotation and differential rotation in field F- and G-type stars

We present a detailed study of rotation and differential rotation analyzing high resolution high S/N spectra of 142 F-, G- and early K-type field stars. Using Least Squares Deconvolution we obtain broadening profiles for our sample stars and use the Fourier transform method to determine projected rotational velocities v sin i. Distributions of rotational velocities and periods are studied in the HR-diagram. For a subsample of 32 stars of spectral type F0-G0 we derive the amount of differential rotation in terms of a = (Ω E q u a t o r - Ω P o l e )/Ω E q u a t o r . We find evidence for differential rotation in ten of the 32 stars. Differential rotation seems to be more common in slower rotators, but deviations from rigid rotation are also found in some fast rotators. We search for correlations between differential rotation and parameters relevant for stellar activity and show indications against strong differential rotation in very active stars. We derive values of ΔP and ΔΩ, which support a period dependence of differential rotation. Derived lap times 2π/ΔΩ are of the order of 20 d and contradict the assumption that constant lap times of the order of the solar one (∼130d) are the rule in stars that are thought to harbour magnetic dynamos.
On variable selection in multivariate regression

This paper deals with variable selection for prediction purposes in mult ivariate regression. Several criteria based on the mean squared error of prediction are investigated and their relation ship to existing selection procedures based on tests of significance is out lined . It is argued that the central issue in mu1tivariate regression predictor selection is how the target (dependent) variables are to be weighted relative to each other. Each criterion implicitly imposes a particular set of weights (based on the observations).
Theoretical zero-age main sequences applied to the Pleiades, Praesepe,and Hyades star clusters.

On a calcule des modeles stellaires de la sequence principale, d'âge zero (SPAZ), pour les abondances en elements lourds Z=0,006, 0,01; 0,0169 (solaire) et 0,04, en supposant un contenu initial d'helium Y=0,25 et une valeur de α=1,5 pour le rapport de la longueur de melange a la hauteur d'echelle des pressions. Pour determiner les effets de variations en Y et en α sur les localisations theoriques des etoiles sur le diagramme H-R, on recalcule le SPAZ Z=0,0169 en supposant Y=0,20; Y=0,30; α=1,0; α=2,0
Multi-scale quantum point contact model for filamentary conduction in resistive random access memories devices

We depart from first-principle simulations of electron transport along paths of oxygen vacancies in HfO2 to reformulate the Quantum Point Contact (QPC) model in terms of a bundle of such vacancy paths. By doing this, the number of model parameters is reduced and a much clearer link between the microscopic structure of the conductive filament (CF) and its electrical properties can be provided. The new multi-scale QPC model is applied to two different HfO2-based devices operated in the unipolar and bipolar resistive switching (RS) modes. Extraction of the QPC model parameters from a statistically significant number of CFs allows revealing significant structural differences in the CF of these two types of devices and RS modes.
Pricing of European options when the underlying stock price follows a linear birth-death process

This investigation considers a possible approach to price options if the underlying stock jumps up or down or remains unchanged, extending ideas of Cox and Ross 1976 to a more general jump model with state-dependent jump intensities. Provided that in addition to the stock itself one option on this stock is traded in the market, we can show by valuation of arbitrage arguments that the price of European options is then determined uniquely.
Efficient method for identification of cyclic trends in incidence

Various methods for estimating the parameters of the simple harmonic curve and corresponding statistics for testing the significance of the sinusoidal trend are investigated. The locally reasonable method is almost fully efficient when the size of the trend is very small; however, the maximum likelihood method is preferred generally, especially when the trend is not very small. The log likelihood ratio test is more powerful than the R test which is based on locally reasonable estimates. The efficient method and the log likelihood ratio or equivalent tests are the best statistical techniques for identifying the cyclical trend. Thus they are the methods of choice when adequate computing facilities are available.
Femtosecond switching with semiconductor-optical-amplifier-based Symmetric Mach–Zehnder-type all-optical switch

We investigate the effect of intraband carrier dynamics on a nonlinear phase shift induced in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) in terms of its applicability to the Symmetric Mach–Zehnder (SMZ) all-optical switch. Nonlinear phase shifts in an SOA and a passive semiconductor waveguide are compared under control-pulse durations ranging from 3.2 to 0.4 ps. The results show that femtosecond switching with higher efficiency is still possible by using the SOA. We experimentally achieve femtosecond (670 fs), femtojoule (140 fJ) switching with the SOA-based SMZ all-optical switch.
Temporal self-imaging effects for periodic optical pulse sequences of finite duration

Integer and fractional temporal self-imaging phenomena occur when an ideal (infinite-duration) periodic optical pulse sequence propagates through a suitable dispersive medium under the first-order dispersion approximation. I analytically and numerically investigate the impact of nonidealities in the input periodic pulse sequence, especially finite duration of the sequences as well as intensity and phase fluctuations between pulses, on the temporal self-imaging phenomena. I derive conditions for which effects associated with these nonidealities can be neglected. Under these conditions, the intensity of the input nonideal finite sequence can also be self-imaged—integer and fractional self-imaging are also possible—by propagation through a suitable dispersive medium. The resulting self-images of the input signal not only maintain the temporal features of the original individual pulses (temporal shape and duration) but also the total temporal duration of the finite input sequence and the original intensity fluctuations between pulses. The analytical results are confirmed by means of numerical simulations.
Remarks on the Meteor Orbital Similarity D-Criterion

Abstract The criterion of orbital similarity (D-criterion) proposed by Southworth and Hawkins as well as its modification given by Drummond are discussed. It is shown that these two criteria are not equivalent. Aside from the scaling factors, the differing results are a consequence of the modification of the fourth term of the D-criterion introduced by Drummond, where this term measures the angle between the Laplace vectors of the two orbits. The weighting of the first term in the Drummond criterion should be dropped in order to decrease its overdependence on the eccentricity. The criterion given by Southworth and Hawkins is shown to be proportional to mean velocity increment in units of orbital (not circular) velocity. The criterion of Southworth and Hawkins is overly dependent on the periphelion distance. To avoid these drawbacks, an alternative hybrid discriminant is proposed.