Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stable but nondissipative water

This article presents a physically-based technique for simulating water. This work is motivated by the "stable fluids" method, developed by Stam [1999], to handle gaseous fluids. We extend this technique to water, which calls for the development of methods for modeling multiphase fluids and suppressing dissipation. We construct a multiphase fluid formulation by combining the Navier--Stokes equations with the level set method. By adopting constrained interpolation profile (CIP)-based advection, we reduce the numerical dissipation and diffusion significantly. We further reduce the dissipation by converting potentially dissipative cells into droplets or bubbles that undergo Lagrangian motion. Due to the multiphase formulation, the proposed method properly simulates the interaction of water with surrounding air, instead of simulating water in a void space. Moreover, the introduction of the nondissipative technique means that, in contrast to previous methods, the simulated water does not unnecessarily lose mass, and its motion is not damped to an unphysical extent. Experiments showed that the proposed method is stable and runs fast. It is demonstrated that two-dimensional simulation runs in real-time.
Spreading Social Media Messages on Facebook

As a method of determining what types of social media messages work best for hospitality firms, this study examined what types of messages gained the most clicks of “Like” and comments on Facebook. An analysis of the number of likes and comments regarding nine hundred and eighty-two Facebook messages from ten restaurant chains and two independent operators revealed clear patterns. The more popular keywords involved information about the restaurant (e.g., menu descriptions) and the less popular messages were those that contained marketing-related words (including “winner” and “check”). Dividing the messages into four media types, namely, status (text only), link (containing a URL), video (embedding a video), and photo (showing photos), revealed that photo and status receive more likes and comments than the other two categories. Social media messages can also be categorized into two message types: sales and marketing (about two-thirds of the messages in this study) and conversational messages. Based on number of likes and comments, conversational messages are endorsed by more Facebook users. Finally, cross-effects of media type and message type affect the number of comments a message received. Although these results do not expressly assess Facebook users’ reactions, the guidelines developed here should help managers improve their use of Facebook, as well as provide groundwork for developing a defined typology of Facebook messages and an automatic text classifier with the machine learning techniques.
Prevalence and predictors of complementary and alternative medicine/non-pharmacological interventions use for menopausal symptoms within the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening

Abstract Objectives: The negative publicity about menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) has led to increased use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) and non-pharmacological interventions (NPI) for menopausal symptom relief. We report on the prevalence and predictors of CAM/NPI among UK postmenopausal women. Method: Postmenopausal women aged 50–74 years were invited to participate in the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS). A total of 202 638 women were recruited and completed a baseline questionnaire. Of these, 136 020 were sent a postal follow-up-questionnaire between September 2006 and May 2009 which included ever-use of CAM/NPI for menopausal symptom relief. Both questionnaires included MHT use. Results: A total of 88 430 (65.0%) women returned a completed follow-up-questionnaire; 22 206 (25.1%) reported ever-use of one or more CAM/NPI. Highest use was reported for herbal therapies (43.8%; 9725/22 206), vitamins (42.6%; 9458/22 206), lifestyle approaches (32.1%; 7137/22 206) and phytoestrogens (21.6%; 4802/22 206). Older women reported less ever-use of herbal therapies, vitamins and phytoestrogens. Lifestyle approaches, aromatherapy/reflexology/acupuncture and homeopathy were similar across age groups. Higher education, Black ethnicity, MHT or previous oral contraceptive pill use were associated with higher CAM/NPI use. Women assessed as being less hopeful about their future were less likely to use CAM/NPI. Conclusion: One in four postmenopausal women reported ever-use of CAM therapies/NPI for menopausal symptom relief, with lower use reported by older women. Higher levels of education and previous MHT use were positive predictors of CAM/NPI use. UKCTOCS Trial registration: ISRCTN22488978
Injectable Surfactant Included-Virgin Coconut Oil with and without Ibuprofen

In the tropical countries, virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been abundantly utilized as traditional medicine and cosmetic, but its major problem is temperature sensitive. This oil changes into some wax-like at cool environment. The purpose of this study is to decrease wax deposition of this oil by investigate the effect of surfactants on the physical properties and drug release characteristic. Ibuprofen (IB), which can soluble in VCO, was used as a model drug. Viscosity, pour point, cloud point and polarized light microscope examinations were conducted to characterize the change of VCO physical properties. In vitro drug release experiment was performed using dialysis method at 50 rpm and 37°C in phosphate buffer pH 7.4. The addition of surfactants in VCO increased the efficiency for measuring the viscosity at lower temperature. Result from viscosity measurement indicated that Solutol® HS15 (ST) was the most suitable for choosing as representative of the surfactants. Both pour point and cloud point could not reduce by ST because the crystals size of VCO with and without ST was not different. There was no difference of viscosity of each formula during the release experiments (37°C), therefore the release rate of drug from VCO containing or without ST was not different. These indicated that the surfactants and ibuprofen affected the physical properties but did not affect the release of this investigated VCO.
Attachment of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes to herpes simplex virus-infected fibroblasts mediated by antibody-independent complement activation

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infected cells can activate the human complement system without interference of specific anti-HSV antibodies. Analysis by flow cytometry showed that C3-like molecules were deposited on the membrane of the infected cell when incubated with human serum without specific antibodies. Depletion of calcium to block the classical pathway of the complement system had no effect on fluorescence intensity. The complement activation could be blocked by chelating both calcium and magnesium or by heating the serum. Furthermore, in the fluid phase C3 was converted to C3b by infected cells and not by uninfected cells. The antibody-independent activation did not lead to lysis of the virus-infected fibroblasts, indicating that the complement cascade is abrogated before formation of the membrane attack complex. This was also confirmed by measurement of the 50% hemolytic complement activities for total and alternative pathways. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes attached to infected fibroblasts after incubation of these fibroblasts with intact complement. This is most probably mediated by complement receptor binding of C3b and C3bi which is deposited on the membrane of the HSV-infected cell. Both type 1 and type 2 HSVs showed the same characteristics in complement activation and thereby mediated polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence.
Mechanical Properties and Durability of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete

The purpose of this article was to evaluate the mechanical and durability characteristics of Ultra-high-performance-concrete (UHPC). UHPC is defined as concrete with compressive strength exceeding 150 N/mm2 (21,756 psi). UHPC can be fiber reinforced and displays increased mechanical performance and improved durability compared to high-strength concrete. This article presents the influence of curing/exposure conditions and concrete age on several mechanical and durability characteristics of UHPC, such as compressive strength and the static and dynamic modulus of elasticity, and the splitting and flexural tensile strengths. UHPC freezing-and-thawing resistance is also investigated. The results presented in this article show that the specimens attained a compressive strength of approximately 150 N/mm2 (21,756 psi) and a modulus of elasticity greater than 50,000 N/mm2 (7,251,887 psi). The flexural characteristics depended on the fiber addition and the specimen’s dimensions.
PhenoDigm: analyzing curated annotations to associate animal models with human diseases

The ultimate goal of studying model organisms is to translate what is learned into useful knowledge about normal human biology and disease to facilitate treatment and early screening for diseases. Recent advances in genomic technologies allow for rapid generation of models with a range of targeted genotypes as well as their characterization by high-throughput phenotyping. As an abundance of phenotype data become available, only systematic analysis will facilitate valid conclusions to be drawn from these data and transferred to human diseases. Owing to the volume of data, automated methods are preferable, allowing for a reliable analysis of the data and providing evidence about possible gene–disease associations. Here, we propose Phenotype comparisons for DIsease Genes and Models (PhenoDigm), as an automated method to provide evidence about gene–disease associations by analysing phenotype information. PhenoDigm integrates data from a variety of model organisms and, at the same time, uses several intermediate scoring methods to identify only strongly data-supported gene candidates for human genetic diseases. We show results of an automated evaluation as well as selected manually assessed examples that support the validity of PhenoDigm. Furthermore, we provide guidance on how to browse the data with PhenoDigm’s web interface and illustrate its usefulness in supporting research. Database URL: http://www.sanger. ac.uk/resources/databases/phenodigm
Querying the Semantic Web using a Relational Based SPARQL

Dear Professor Bailes, In accordance with the requirements of the Degree of Information of Technology (Honours) in the School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, I submit the following thesis entitled: " Querying the Semantic Web using a Relational Based SPARQL " This thesis was performed under the supervision of Professor Jane Hunter. I declare that that the work submitted in this thesis is my own, except as acknowledged in the text and footnotes, and has not been previously submitted for a degree at The University of Queensland or any other institution. Abstract The Semantic Web is an initiative that aims to enable data from different sources to be combined in a consistent way. It is particularly useful when the schemas and terminologies of different data sets are to be merged; they differ between organisations or change over time. Semantic Web technologies have been successfully applied to data integration in fields such as Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a simple graph-based data model for representing information on the Web. SPARQL is the proposed standard for querying RDF and both are part of the W3C's Semantic Web Activity. The current SPARQL specification shows a strong bias towards underlying implementations such as SQL and lacks a formal model. Previous work by Cyganiak, Frasincar et al., Harris and Shadbolt, and Pérez et al. [5, 10, 16, 22] has highlighted the need for a formal model in order to improve consistency and clarity of the existing specification. A formal model would also allow independence between implementation and specification, greater consistency with RDF, and the ability to improve implementations without affecting the user's view of the system. The relational model is a candidate for such a formal model as it is a mature formal model that is well understood and provides other features such as efficient query optimisation and distribution. Building on previous work by Galindo-Legaria, this thesis provides a mapping from RDF and SPARQL using the relational model and shows the desirable outcomes of such an approach. The SPARQL operations UNION and OPTIONAL were implemented using the relational operators outer union and minimum union respectively. Implementation details using the JRDF library are described including the use of an order independent minimum union implementation. Some of the advantages in applying pre-existing relational optimisation techniques are explored. It is shown that using the relational model as a basis for SPARQL provides an easier to implement, more …
Magnetic fields in fully convective M-dwarfs: oscillatory dynamos versus bistability.

M-dwarfs demonstrate two types of activity: (1) strong (kilogauss) almost axisymmetric poloidal magnetic fields; and (2) considerably weaker non-axisymmetric fields, sometimes including a substantial toroidal component. Dynamo bistability has been proposed as an explanation. However, it is not straightforward to obtain such a bistability in dynamo models. On the other hand, the solar magnetic dipole at times of magnetic field inversion becomes transverse to the rotation axis, while the magnetic field becomes weaker at times far from that of inversion. Thus, the Sun resembles a star with the second type of activity. We suggest that M-dwarfs can have magnetic cycles, and that M-dwarfs with the second type of activity can just be stars observed at times of magnetic field inversion. Then the relative number of M-dwarfs with the second type of activity can be used in the framework of this model to determine parameters of stellar convection near the surface.
The Thin Line Between Reality and Imagination: Attachment Orientations and the Effects of Relationship Threats on Sexual Fantasies

The authors examined the effects of relationship threats on sexual fantasies. In two studies, participants described a sexual fantasy following an imagination task and reported their attachment orientations. In Study 1, participants imagined relationship or nonrelationship threat scenes. Results indicated that relationship threat led to fantasies that involved interpersonal distance and hostility themes. Furthermore, following relational threat, women and more anxiously attached individuals were most likely to use relationship-maintaining strategies in their fantasies. More anxiously attached individuals were also particularly likely to represent themselves as alienated. In Study 2, participants imagined sexual or emotional threat scenes. The findings showed that sexual threat elicited self-enhancement, whereas emotional threat led to fantasies involving both self-enhancement and attachment-related themes. Emotional threat was also most likely to induce negative views of others in more avoidant women. Implications for understanding the underlying functions of sexual fantasies within the context of romantic relationships are discussed.
A spatial correlation based method for neighbor set selection in random field image models

Random field (RF) models have widespread application in image modeling and analysis. The effectiveness of these models is largely dependent on the choice of neighbor sets, which determine the spatial interactions that are represented by the model. We consider the problem of selecting these neighbor sets for simultaneous autoregressive and Gauss-Markov random field models, based on the correlation structure of the image to be modeled. A procedure for identifying appropriate neighbor sets is proposed, and experimental results which demonstrate the viability of this method are presented.
Effect of porosity on the indentation behaviour of nanoporous alumina films

Anodising aluminium in an acid electrolyte results in a porous alumina film. The pores are uniformly distributed and their structure can be controlled by varying the anodising parameters. In this study, the pore structure of the anodic alumina films is varied systematically by varying the anodising time and a subsequent pore widening chemical etch. The indentation behaviour of the resulting film is studied using a depth sensing nanoindenter. The hardness of the films was found to be decreasing with decreasing solid area fraction. Understanding the deformation behaviour of nanoporous alumina would help tailoring the mechanical properties by tuning the geometry.
Hue tinting for interactive data visualization

Hue tinting’ is a set of visualization interactions that make it possible to use color in ways that are meaningful and specific to visualization tasks. ‘Hue tinting’ interactions address the problem of how to best choose colors to show numbers while 1) using hue to mark only relevant aspects of the data and 2) minimizing color-related problems such as brightness distortion. Most visualization systems make it difficult to use hue variation to identify and distinguish between meaningful features in a dataset without distorting the form or structure of the data. Like colorizing a black-and-white photograph, ‘Hue tinting’ lets you use color to select, identify, and mark relevant portions of your data without distorting the brightness of the underlying grayscale visualization. Hue tinting a specific range of data values provides a direct method for validating and compliance-testing. Hue tinting a specific region of an image provides a direct method for identifying and measuring features in a dataset, such as the range of power levels at a given frequency range.
Decoupling Loads for Nano-Instruction Set Computers

We propose an ISA extension that decouples the data access and register write operations in a load instruction. We describe system and hardware support for decoupled loads. Furthermore, we show how compilers can generate better static instruction schedules by hoisting a decoupled load's data access above may-alias stores and branches. We find that decoupled loads improve performance with geometric mean speedups of 8.4%.
Aortic valve repair for aortic insufficiency: a review.

r c r d i AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY (AI) refers to the backward leaking of blood through the aortic valve (AV) during iastole. AI can be treated with many techniques that repair r replace the AV and modify the structural dimensions of he aortic root and ascending aorta. Based on the anatomy of n individual patient, a combination of surgical approaches ay be used to repair an AI. It is common to use multiple repair methods based on an ndividual patient’s specific pathology and the mechanisms of I. Although AV replacement (AVR) remains the most comon surgery to treat AI, valve repair has become increasingly ommon despite its technical demands. The resurgence of AV epair may be attributed to the desire to avoid the downfalls of eplacement and the increasing experience with the reparative rocedures. Furthermore, a native AV repair theoretically could ndergo slower valve degeneration compared with a bioproshesis. These issues are especially important in younger patients ho undergo AVR and are exposed to a more extended risk of leeding and repeat surgery. The present report reviews the anatomy of the AV, the athophysiology of AI, and the surgical indications in patients ith AI. Furthermore, surgical repair options, outcomes of epair and replacement, and postoperative evaluation of paients undergoing AV repair for AI are discussed.
Sex-biased survival predicts adult sex ratio variation in wild birds

Adult sex ratio (ASR) is a central concept in population demography and breeding system evolution, and has implications for population viability and biodiversity conservation. ASR exhibits immense interspecific variation in wild populations, although the causes of this variation have remained elusive. Using phylogenetic analyses of 187 avian species from 59 families, we show that neither hatching sex ratios nor fledging sex ratios correlate with ASR. However, sex-biased adult mortality is a significant predictor of ASR, and this relationship is robust to 100 alternative phylogenetic hypotheses, and potential ecological and life-history confounds. A significant component of adult mortality bias is sexual selection acting on males, whereas increased reproductive output predicts higher mortality in females. These results provide the most comprehensive insights into ASR variation to date, and suggest that ASR is an outcome of selective processes operating differentially on adult males and females. Therefore, revealing the causes of ASR variation in wild populations is essential for understanding breeding systems and population dynamics.
Low-cost implementations of NTRU for pervasive security

NTRU is a public-key cryptosystem based on the shortest vector problem in a lattice which is an alternative to RSA and ECC. This work presents a compact and low power NTRU design that is suitable for pervasive security applications such as RFIDs and sensor nodes. We have designed two architectures, one is only capable of encryption and the other one performs both encryption and decryption. The strategy for the designs includes clock gating of registers, operand isolation and precomputation. This work is also the first one to present a complete NTRU design with encryption/decryption circuitry. Our encryption-only NTRU design has a gate-count of 2.8 kgates and dynamic power consumption of 1.72 muW. Moreover, encryption-decryption NTRU design consumes about 6 muW dynamic power and consists of 10.5 kgates.
Mechanical and Morphological Studies of Poly(propylene)‐Filled Eggshell Composites

Poly(propylene) (PP) composites were prepared by using eggshell (ES) as filler and their mechanical properties were compared with those using talc (TA) and calcium carbonate (CC) of different grain sizes (X 50 ). A decrease in impact strength and deformation at break with increase in filler content was observed. The PP composite with ES (X 50 =8.4 μm) was stiffer than those with CC (X 50 = 0.7 μm). The hybrid composite PP-ES-TA showed a similar stiffness as the PP-TA composites due to the similar morphology of TA (X 50 = 0.5 μm) and ES, when TA was replaced up to 75 wt. -% by ES. SEM study revealed evidence of improved interfacial bonding between PP and ES in theirs composites.
Climate warming and the potential extinction of fig wasps, the obligate pollinators of figs

Figs (Ficus) have a reciprocally obligate mutualism with tiny, short-lived (1–2 days) fig wasps (Agaonidae). The small size and short life of these pollinators is expected to make them more vulnerable to climate change than their larger and longer-lived hosts. We experimentally tested the thermal tolerances of four species of adult female fig wasp from equatorial Singapore. The results suggest that an increase of 3°C or more above the current temperatures experienced across much of the equatorial tropics would markedly decrease the active adult lifespan of all four species. Fig plants are the centre of an intricate web of specialist and generalist animals. Unless fig wasps can acclimate or adapt to warmer temperatures in time, these responses may disrupt the mutualism, potentially affecting multiple trophic levels.