Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A sibling adoption study of adult attachment: The influence of shared environment on attachment states of mind

Abstract This study extends existing research investigating sibling concordance on attachment by examining concordance for adult attachment in a sample of 126 genetically unrelated sibling pairs. The Adult Attachment Interview (George, Kaplan, & Main, 1985; Main, Goldwyn, & Hesse, 2003) was used to assess states of mind with regard to attachment. The average age of the participants was 39 years old. The distribution of attachment classifications was independent of adoptive status. Attachment concordance rates were unassociated with gender concordance and sibling age difference. Concordance for autonomous/non-autonomous classifications was significant at 61% as was concordance for primary classifications at 53%. The concordance rate for not-unresolved/unresolved was non-significant at 67%. Our findings demonstrate similarity of working models of attachment between siblings independent of genetic relatedness between siblings and generations (i.e., parent and child). These findings extend previous research by further implicating shared environment as a major influence on sibling similarities on organized patterns of attachment in adulthood. The non-significant concordance for the unresolved classification suggests that unresolved loss or trauma may be less influenced by shared environment and more likely to be influenced by post-childhood experiences or genetic factors.
Algorithmic Aspects of a Chip-Firing Game

Algorithmic aspects of a chip-firing game on a graph introduced by Biggs are studied. This variant of the chip-firing game, called the dollar game, has the properties that every starting configuration leads to a so-called critical configuration. The set of critical configurations has many interesting properties. In this paper it is proved that the number of steps needed to reach a critical configuration is polynomial in the number of edges of the graph and the number of chips in the starting configuration, but not necessarily in the size of the input. An alternative algorithm is also described and analysed.
PET/CT Imaging of Lung Cancer

Fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has a diagnostic and prognostic value in the initial staging, restaging, and surveillance of non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). When used in conjunction with conventional radiologic imaging, PET imaging has been shown to result in significant changes in clinical management of NSCLC. Specifically, baseline PET imaging can improve initial staging and guide surgical and radiotherapy planning, whereas repeat PET imaging after the initiation of chemoradiotherapy can predict tumor response and help tailor therapy. After the end of definitive treatment, PET has greater diagnostic accuracy than other imaging modalities for the detection of tumor recurrence. The recent development of fused PET/CT imaging has improved the radiologic evaluation of NSCLC patients by combining metabolic and anatomic imaging; however, this has resulted in more complexity in the image interpretation. It is important for the interpreting physician to understand the role PET/CT plays in the staging, assessment of treatment, and follow-up after therapy in the multidisciplinary management of patients with NSCLC.
Polish Special Economic Zones: Idea versus Practice

In 1994 special economic zones (SEZs) were introduced in Poland as an instrument supporting regional development. Initially, the idea was to open just a handful of zones located in single-function industrial regions affected by or exposed to structural unemployment. Investor benefits included a full income-tax holiday for a half of the special zone's life (typically ten years) and exemption from real-estate taxation. Subsequently, the initial conditions were considerably modified under the influence of various pressure groups, including the European Commission, the central government, major international investors, and local authorities. The tax benefits were reduced, but the eligibility was extended to new industries and new company types while the overall number of special zones consistently increased. With more than 150 locations enjoying a special status, the SEZs have lost their nature of regional policy tools, almost becoming standard forms of public aid for companies, regardless of their location. This shift in the approach to the special zones had a fundamental impact on the effects generated by the special zones. The investor appeal of areas where state support was essential to overcome a structural economic crisis was further undermined. Indeed, the bulk of investment and jobs was channeled to the zones comfortably located in southwestern Poland near large urban agglomerations with a labor market that was attractive to the investors (the Katowicka, Legnicka, and Wa-brzyska zones). However, few large and middle-sized investments were acquired by single-function industrial areas in crisis (Starachowicka and Tarnobrzeska SEZs) or by peripheral agricultural regions (Warmińsko-Mazurska i Suwalska SEZs). A notable exception to this rule is the first Polish special zone in Mielec: although peripherally located, it achieved success using the first-comer advantage it had over the subsequent zones.
Prophylactic circumferential intraoperative laser retinopexy decreases the risk of retinal detachment after macular hole surgery

Purpose Pars plana vitrectomy with peeling of the internal limiting membrane is a well-established technique for the treatment of idiopathic macular holes with high success rates. Complications such as retinal tears may result from vitreous incarceration at the sclerotomy sites. Prophylactic laser retinopexy (LR) has recently been shown to decrease incidence of postvitrectomy rhegmatogenous retinal detachment but its efficacy in macular hole repair has not been established. In this study we evaluated the safety and efficacy of prophylactic LR and compared the patients to a control group that did not receive prophylactic treatment. Methods A retrospective, consecutive chart review was conducted comparing patients who underwent macular hole repair with LR to without LR. Patient demographics were collected and the number and time interval of retinal detachment in the 2 groups were compared. Statistical analysis was conducted between the 2 groups. Results A total of 144 eyes underwent macular hole repair during the study period. A total of 76 eyes underwent LR and 68 eyes did not undergo LR. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups. At 1 year, RD occurred in 1 eye (1.31%) in the LR group and in 8 eyes (8.82%) without LR group (p<0.01). Conclusions Prophylactic LR decreases the incidence of postoperative retinal detachment a potentially disabling complication of macular hole repair surgery.
Household electricity demand forecast and energy savings potential for Vientiane, Lao PDR

This paper uses the survey data on household electricity demand from five districts of Vientiane, Lao PDR, for the demand projection up to 2030 using the end-use model. The scenario analysis is used to verify the potential of an energy-saving program by alternating selected appliances with more energy-efficient ones following the labelling standard of Thailand. The demographic structure of electrified households and the energy efficiency of electric appliances are considered as the dominant factors affecting electricity demand. Under the base-case scenario, the total electricity demand of Vientiane increased from 593 GWh in 2013 to 965 GWh in 2030. In the energy efficiency scenario, it is revealed that the appliance standard enhancement program can save total electricity demand in 2030 by 147 GWh (−15.2%), where 117 GWh (−12.1%) of which is contributed by the air conditioner and 30 GWh (−3.1%) by the lighting equipment.
The neurochemical pro fi le quanti fi ed by in vivo 1 H NMR spectroscopy

Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer's disease; ALS, amyotr CRLB, Cramér-Rao lower bound; fMRI, functional MRI; G disease; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MRS, mag NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; PCho, phosphorylch ataxia type 1; TCA, tricarboxylic acid; VOI, volume of in RF, radiofrequency; TE, echo time; TR, repetition time; SN ⁎ Corresponding author at: EPFL SB IPMC LIFMET, (Bâ E-mail address: joao.duarte@epfl.ch (J.M.N. Duarte).
The Preterm Prediction Study: association of second-trimester genitourinary chlamydia infection with subsequent spontaneous preterm birth.

OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to determine the association between genitourinary tract infection with Chlamydia trachomatis and spontaneous preterm birth. STUDY DESIGN Genitourinary tract infection with C trachomatis was determined with a ligase chain reaction assay of voided urine samples collected at 24 weeks' gestation (22 weeks' to 24 weeks 6 days' gestation) and 28 weeks' gestation (27 weeks' to 28 weeks 6 days' gestation). Case patients (spontaneous preterm birth at <37 weeks' gestation; n = 190) and control subjects (delivery at >/=37 weeks' gestation, matched for race, parity, and center; n = 190) were selected from 2929 women enrolled in the Preterm Prediction Study of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. RESULTS Genitourinary C trachomatis infection (11% overall) was significantly more common among the case patients than among the control subjects at 24 weeks' gestation (15.8% vs 6.3%; P =.003) but not at 28 weeks' gestation (12.6% vs 10.9%; P =.61). Women with chlamydia infection were more likely to have bacterial vaginosis (57.1% vs 32.9%; P =.002) and a short cervical length (</=25 mm; 33.0% vs 17.9%; P =.02) but not a body mass index <19.8 kg/m(2) (35.0% vs 23.9%; P =.17) or a positive fetal fibronectin test result (7.1% vs 9.5%; P =.62). After adjustment for risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth, women with C trachomatis infection at 24 weeks' gestation were 2 times as likely as uninfected women to have a spontaneous preterm birth at <37 weeks' gestation (odds ratio, 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-4.78) and 3 times as likely to have a spontaneous preterm birth at <35 weeks' gestation (odds ratio, 3.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-9.57). CONCLUSION Genitourinary C trachomatis infection at 24 weeks' gestation was associated with a 2-fold to 3-fold increased risk of subsequent spontaneous preterm birth.
EFFECTS OF THE FARMER SUPPORT PROGRAMME AND CHANGES IN MARKETING POLICIES ON MAIZE PRODUCTION IN SOUTH AFRICA

This article analyses the effects of action aimed at narrowing the gap between South Africa's ‘two agricultures’, specifically the effects of the Farmer Support Programme (FSP) on structural aspects of maize production under different marketing policies. This is done by assembling a sectoral linear programming model of the South African summer-rainfall grain-producing area. The emphasis is on the inclusion of supply, demand and production risk. Results show that the effects of a successful FSP on specific interest groups, e.g. consumers of a specific product, or producers in a specific region, depend on the marketing policy followed, as well as on the effectiveness of the FSP. The analysis accentuates the interrelationships in South African crop production and illustrates how past policies ignored regional comparative advantages, distorted regional development and affected social welfare.
Playing with bone and fat

The relationship between bone and fat formation within the bone marrow microenvironment is complex and remains an area of active investigation. Classical in vitro and in vivo studies strongly support an inverse relationship between the commitment of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells or stromal cells to the adipoctye and osteoblast lineage pathways. In this review, we focus on the recent literature exploring the mechanisms underlying these differentiation events and discuss their implications relevant to osteoporosis and regenerative medicine. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 251–266, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Technical efficiency and farm size: a conditional analysis

The relationship between technical efficiency and size might be affected by farm heterogeneity. We analyse this relationship conditional on a set of control variables. These control variables are chosen using a production model where technical efficiency is introduced as a parameter. As a result, technical efficiency affects both the input demand and the output supply of a profit maximising producer. The empirical application explores these issues using panel data of dairy farms in Spain.
Signalling in a Model of Monetary Policy with Incomplete Information

The expectations of the public about future macroeconomic policy d epend in part upon the preferences that they believe the policymaker to have. Fo r example, when the policymaker is "dry"-i.e., more concerned about low inflat ion than low unemployment-lower inflation might be expected than when he is "wet. " Thus, there is an incentive for the policymaker to influence expectations a bout his preferences by means of his current policy decisions. This paper uses R. Barro and D. Gordon's natural rate model and draws on recent work in oligopoly to investigate the use of monetary policy as a signal of the policymaker's pref erence. Copyright 1986 by Royal Economic Society.
Selection of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Vaccine Escape Mutants in HBV-Infected and HBV/HIV-Coinfected Patients Failing Antiretroviral Drugs With Anti-HBV Activity

Background: Given the overlap between envelope and polymerase in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome, changes in antigenic sites of the HBV surface antigen may occur as a result of selection of drug-resistance mutations. Methods: Serum HBV-DNA was isolated from 71 patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving anti-HBV drugs for longer than 12 months, 52 of whom were HIV-positive. The reverse transcriptase/envelope gene from each HBV isolate was amplified using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) covering 720 bp (aa 48 to 288), which includes all known nucleos(t)ide analogue resistance mutations in HBV. Results: All but 13 patients had received lamivudine. Of the rest, 10 HBV-monoinfected subjects had received adefovir and 3 HBV/HIV-coinfected patients had been treated with tenofovir. Only lamivudine-resistance-associated mutations produced changes in the HBV envelope antigenic sites. Lamivudine resistance mutations were more frequent in HBV genotype A than D (P = 0.014). Contrary to monoinfected individuals, HBV genotype A was the predominant genotype among HBV/HIV-coinfected patients. The triple-HBV mutant rtV173L + rtL180M + rtM204V, which has been shown to produce a diminished hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen-antibody binding, was found in 3 individuals, all coinfected with HIV and HBV. Conclusion: Circulation of HBV encoding envelope mutations with diminished HBs antigen-antibody binding as result of selection of drug-resistance mutations may occur, particularly in patients infected with HBV genotype A, the most prevalent genotype among HBV/HIV-coinfected patients. Such mutations might represent a public health concern because of the potential risk of transmission of HBV drug- and vaccine-resistant strains.
Newborn's Biometric Identification: Can it be done?

In this article we propose a novel biometric identification method for newborn babies using their palmprints. A new high resolution optical sensor was developed, which obtains images with enough ridge minutiae to uniquely identify the baby. The palm and footprint images of 106 newborns were analysed, leading to the conclusion that palmprints yield more detailed images then footprints. Fingerprint experts from the Identifcation Institute of Parana State performed two matching tests, resulting in a correct identification rate of 63.3% and 67.7%, more than three times higher than that obtained on similar experiments described on literature. The proposed image acquisition method also opens the perspective for the creation of an automatic identification system for newborns.
An overview of CSR reporting development in China

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting nowadays is an important issue in most countries. Due to environmental pollution problems and social disparities in China, CSR has become a prominent issue in Chinese academic and policy forums as well. Therefore, the paper shall give an up to date insight in the CSR development in China. An international perspective is given. Based on literature review, we show the development of CSR reporting in China. The key issues of CSR reporting are shown and discussed. The paper shall give a topical, general overview. It might be a basis to create further research activities in this domain. We show the most important trends and aspects on CSR reporting in China.
Medical comorbidity and receipt of medical care by older homeless people with schizophrenia or depression.

OBJECTIVE Few studies have examined medical comorbidity among middle-aged and older homeless people with schizophrenia. This study compared the number of physical health problems and receipt of physical health care services among older homeless people with schizophrenia and those with major depression. METHODS The study was conducted at St. Vincent de Paul Village, a homeless shelter in San Diego, California, with an on-site free medical and psychiatric clinic. Data from the psychiatric clinic log for a one-year period were used to identify 47 shelter users older than age 45 with schizophrenia and an age- and gender-matched comparison group of 47 shelter users with major depression. A physician reviewed the patients' charts to obtain data for a comparison between groups of the number of clinic visits for medical problems, receipt of various components of the physical examination and preventive screening studies, and number of chronic medical disorders. RESULTS The patients with schizophrenia had fewer medical visits and fewer documented medical problems than those with depression. They were also less likely to receive a detailed physical examination, cholesterol level screening, and screening for colon cancer. The documented rates of several chronic medical problems, including diabetes, arthritis, and hypertension, were lower among the shelter residents with schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS Middle-aged and older homeless people with schizophrenia received less primary and preventive health care and were treated for fewer chronic medical problems than a comparison group with depression.
Estimation of Bivariate Copula-Based Seemingly Unrelated Tobit Models

This paper extends the analysis of bivariate seemingly unrelated (SUR) Tobit model by modeling its nonlinear dependence structure through copulas. The capability in coupling together the different marginal distributions allows the flexible modeling for the SUR Tobit. The ability in capturing tail dependence is an additionally useful feature of the copulas, especially in modeling the lower tail dependence of the SUR Tobit where some data are censored. We employ the data augmentation technique to generate the censored observations and proceed the model implementation through the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach. The satisfactory results from the simulation and empirical studies indicate the good performance of our proposed model and method where they are applied to model the U.S. out-of-pocket and non-out-of-pocket medical expenses data and the Thai wage earnings income data.
Multiple Developmental Pathways for Motion Processing

Purpose Image flow across the retina can be classified into several types of motion specifying information about spatial layout and self-movement. Adults process these types of motion via different functional pathways. This article investigates the development of these functional pathways. Methods The development of sensitivity to several classes of motion is reviewed and correlated with the neural development of the visual system. Results Different types of motion processing develop at different rates. The clearest example is that sensitivity to direction of translation shows an earlier onset and a different developmental trajectory than sensitivity to shearing motion. In addition, the onset of sensitivity to translation direction and shearing motion coincides with the development of striate laminae 5/6 and 4B, respectively. This earlier development of the deeper striate laminae is also consistent with reports of neonatal direction discrimination in displays undergoing optical expansion and rotation. Conclusions. Sensitivity to at least two types of motion, translation and shearing, develop in different ways and continue to be processed differently in adulthood. The differential development of sensitivity to these motion types coincides with the laminar development of striate cortex. It thus follows that the nonuniform development of the motion-processing system must be recognized to assess infant motion sensitivity correctly.
Chemical degradation of polyacrylamide by advanced oxidation processes

This paper presents the results obtained from the oxidation of polyacrylamide (PAM) by the UV/H2O2, Fenton, UV/Fenton, visible light/Fenton, visible light/Fenton/C2O , UV/Fenton/C2O , visible light/Fenton/C4H4O and UV/Fenton/C4H4O processes. Degradation efficiency for PAM had the following order: UV/Fenton/C4H4O Fenton/C2O visible light/Fenton/C4H4O visible light/Fenton/C2O UV/Fenton>visible light/Fenton>UV/H2O2>Fenton. The addition of tartrate had a positive effect on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. Increasing the concentrations of reagents promoted the oxidation of PAM by the UV/Fenton/C4H4O process. The presence of NaCl led to large decreases in the COD removal in the PAM solution.
Everyday Mediation: The Politics of Public Service Delivery in Gujarat, India

This article follows a municipal councillor in Ahmedabad (Gujarat, India) on his daily routine in order to explore the various ways in which politicians in India operate as mediators between state institutions and citizens. Political mediation is deeply entrenched in the procedures, policies and habits that guide the daily functioning of Gujarat's state institutions. This article argues that this institutionalization of political mediation is the outcome of a dialectic between the limited capacity of the state to provide public services and the strategies that local politicians employ to win elections.
The Effect of Competitive Advertising Interference on Sales for Packaged Goods

Competitive advertising interference can occur when viewers of advertising for a focal brand are also exposed to advertising messages for competing brands within a short period (e.g., one week for television advertising). Although competitive advertising interference has been shown to reduce advertising recall and recognition and brand evaluation measures, no studies have examined its impact on brand sales. In this research, the authors use a market response model of sales for two grocery categories for a large grocery chain in the Chicago area to study the extent to which competitive advertising interference influences sales. The model enables the authors to capture the “pure” own-brand advertising elasticities that would arise if there were no competitive interference. The results show that competitive interference effects on sales are strong. When one or more competing brands advertise in the same week as the focal brand, the advertising elasticity diminishes for the focal brand. The decrease depends on the number of competing brands advertising in a particular week and their total advertising volume. The authors find that having one more competitor advertise is often more harmful to a focal brand's advertising effectiveness than if the current number of advertising brands increase their total advertising volume.