Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobile Interaction with the Real World : Introduction to the Special Issue

IntRoductIon Mobile phones have become an integral part of our everyday lifestyle and for many it is intolerable to be without it. The usage of these devices is nowadays not just about calling and texting but more and more about browsing the web, writing emails, playing games, consuming media, receiving location-dependent information and participating in social networks. An upcoming, very important aspect is that the mobile device is conceptually not just used for the interaction with digital information but also for the interaction with the real world we are actually living in. Kindberg et al. (2002) did pioneering work in this area through their research on mobile interaction with people, places and things in the real world. When considering the developments towards location-based mobile services in the last years than one could assume that this area is now very well understood and intensively applied in practice. The indirect mobile interaction with other users who are not co-located is also very much explored already through application areas like voice communication, text messaging, social networking applications and instant messengers. The direct mobile interaction with co-located users and the interaction with objects in the surrounding environment is still a field with many open research questions and issues. It is still very problematic to start an interaction via a mobile device with the mobile device of another person close by or with several co-located persons. Although it is technically possible via technologies like Bluetooth, WiFi or Near Field Communication (NFC) most people do not use it because of complicate technical device discovery and selection processes. The main issue is the technology available does not support those interactions on a level we are used to, such as moving objects or changing their orientation with our hands, pointing onto objects or gestures towards an object. Once a connection between co-located users is established it is still questionable how they can or should interact with each other whereby important aspects such as privacy issues, social protocols or collaborative aspects have to be considered. ii Mobile interaction with smart objects, displays and surfaces in the environment were the focus of many research projects in the last decade leading to new interaction metaphors, But we are far from arguing that aspects such as the selection of one or several objects and the interaction with them are solved. One field that gathered quite some interest is the usage of pointing-based …
Formal vs. Informal Leading: A Comparative Analysis

Executive Summary Though we recognize informal leadership and its role in small groups, little research has been done on informal leading in organizations. This exploratory national study set out to determine whether there is a difference between formal leaders, those in a position of leadership, and informal leaders, those not in a formal position of leadership but recognized as leaders nevertheless. Six areas of interest consisting of 161 variables were investigated using an instrument based on an earlier meta-ethnographic study of leadership (Pielstick, 1996, 1998). The six areas were: shared vision, communication, relationships, community, guidance, and character. All six areas showed significant differences between formal and informal leaders with informal leaders scoring higher in each area. Of the 161 variables, 87 (54%) showed a significant difference between formal and informal leaders. All but four of these showed higher scores for informal leaders.
Implementing Universal Social And Emotional Learning Programs: The Development, Validation, And Inferential Findings From The Schoolwide SEL Capacity Assessment

Part of the Child Psychology Commons, Community Psychology Commons, Curriculum and Instruction Commons, Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research Commons, Educational Leadership Commons, Educational Methods Commons, Educational Psychology Commons, Elementary and Middle and Secondary Education Administration Commons, Industrial and Organizational Psychology Commons, Leadership Studies Commons, Organization Development Commons, Other Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons, School Psychology Commons, Social Statistics Commons, Special Education Administration Commons, and the Urban Education Commons
Investigating the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality: challenges and solutions

Extensive research shows that more species‐rich assemblages are generally more productive and efficient in resource use than comparable assemblages with fewer species. But the question of how diversity simultaneously affects the wide variety of ecological functions that ecosystems perform remains relatively understudied. It presents several analytical and empirical challenges that remain unresolved. In particular, researchers have developed several disparate metrics to quantify multifunctionality, each characterizing different aspects of the concept and each with pros and cons. We compare four approaches to characterizing multifunctionality and its dependence on biodiversity, quantifying (i) magnitudes of multiple individual functions separately, (ii) the extent to which different species promote different functions, (iii) the average level of a suite of functions and (iv) the number of functions that simultaneously exceeds a critical threshold. We illustrate each approach using data from the pan‐European BIODEPTH experiment and the R multifunc package developed for this purpose, evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and implement several methodological improvements. We conclude that an extension of the fourth approach that systematically explores all possible threshold values provides the most comprehensive description of multifunctionality to date. We outline this method and recommend its use in future research.
Using traffic monitoring to tolerate multiple faults in 3D NoCs

The main reason to invest in 3D circuits adoption is the possibility of decrease the wire length, replacing horizontal wires by shorter vertical through-silicon-vias (called of TSVs). As a consequence, a better performance is expected and other optimizations also can be obtained in comparison with planar technology. In relation to 3D circuits, the networks-on-chip (NoCs) receiving special attention because they are very used to provide efficient communication with wide parallelism. However, the development of 3D circuits is not trivial, being very common appear imperfections and manufacture problems, mainly in sensitive regions as the TSVs. Thus, the main contribution of this work is to allow the usability of the NoC in 3D circuits even in the presence of multiple defective TSVs, with minimal impact on the latency results. In this way, the behavior of the routing algorithm called Elevator-First, to tolerate defective TSVs, will be analyzed. In order to provide an appropriated alternative path to forward the traffic flow in the presence of multiple faulty TSVs, the use of traffic flow monitors has been proposed. The results obtained for the considered scenarios of simulation prove that the strategy can be very efficient, shown that is possible to improve more than 50% of latency in relation to the original algorithm evaluated without traffic flow analysis.
Do Media Portrayals of Affluence Foster Feelings of Relative Deprivation? Exploring a Path Model of Social Comparison and Materialism on Television Viewers' Life Dissatisfaction

American television programs have been criticized for being filled with images endorsing capitalist consumerism and for being weighted toward the upper middle classes. This study premised that heavy viewing of these distorted representations in the medium may culminate in decreases in individuals’ subjective well-being. Consequently, a hypothesized path model investigated the supposition, based on cultivation and social comparison perspectives. Surveys were administered to 239 adults in a small city of Pennsylvania, and the data were subjected to path analysis. The findings of this study suggest that heavy television viewing may be associated with higher levels of material value, estimates of other people’s affluence, and perceived gaps between the self and others in terms of material affluence. Importantly, the findings also suggest that material value and perceived social comparison gaps may be associated with dissatisfaction with standard of living, and that the dissatisfaction with standard of living in turn may influence both dissatisfaction with personal life and dissatisfaction with current social equality.
Preoperative hair removal to reduce surgical site infection.

BACKGROUND Although preparation of people for surgery has traditionally included removal of hair from the incision site, some studies claim that preoperative hair removal is harmful, causes surgical site infections (SSIs), and should be avoided. OBJECTIVES To determine if routine pre-operative hair removal (compared with no removal) and the timing or method of hair removal influence rates of SSI. SEARCH METHODS For this second update we searched the Cochrane Wounds Group Specialised Register (searched 12 August 2011); The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2011, Issue 3); Ovid MEDLINE (1950 to August Week 1 2011); Ovid MEDLINE (In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations August 11, 2010); Ovid EMBASE (1980 to 2011 Week 31) and EBSCO CINAHL (1982 to 11August 2011). No date or language restrictions were applied. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi randomised trials (QRCTs) that compared:1) hair removal with no hair removal; 2) different methods of hair removal; 3) hair removal at different times before surgery; and, 4) hair removal in different settings (e.g. ward, anaesthetic room). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three authors independently assessed relevance and quality of each trial. Data were extracted independently by two authors and cross-checked. MAIN RESULTS We included 14 trials (17 comparisons) in the review; three trials involved multiple comparisons. Six trials, two of which had three comparison arms, (972 participants) compared hair removal (shaving, clipping, or depilatory cream) with no hair removal and found no statistically significant difference in SSI rates however the comparison is underpowered. Three trials (1343 participants) that compared shaving with clipping showed significantly more SSIs associated with shaving (RR 2.09, 95% CI 1.15 to 3.80). Seven trials (1213 participants) found no significant difference in SSI rates when hair removal by shaving was compared with depilatory cream (RR 1.53, 95% CI 0.73 to 3.21), however this comparison is also underpowered. One trial compared two groups that shaved or clipped hair on the day of surgery compared with the day before surgery; there was no statistically significant difference in the number of SSIs between groups however this comparison was also underpowered.We identified no trials that compared clipping with depilatory cream; or investigated application of depilatory cream at different pre-operative time points, or hair removal in different settings (e.g. ward, anaesthetic room). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Whilst this review found no statistically significant effect on SSI rates of hair removal insufficient numbers of people have been involved in this research to allow confidence in a conclusion. When it is necessary to remove hair, the existing evidence suggests that clippers are associated with fewer SSIs than razors. There was no significant difference in SSI rates between depilatory creams and shaving, or between shaving or clipping the day before surgery or on the day of surgery however studies were small and more research is needed.
Evaluating shallow and deep networks for secure shell (ssh)traffic analysis

The family of recurrent neural network (RNN) mechanisms are largely used for the various tasks in natural language processing, speech recognition, image processing and many others due to they established as a powerful mechanism to capture dynamic temporal behaviors in arbitrary length of large-scale sequence data. This paper attempts to know the effectiveness of various RNN mechanisms on the traffic classification specifically for Secure Shell (SSH) protocol by modeling the feature sets of statistical flows as time-series obtained from various public and private traces. These traces are from NIMS (Network Information Management and Security Group), DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) 1999 Week1, DARPA 1999 Week3, MAWI (Measurement and Analysis on the WIDE Internet), and NLANR (National Laboratory for Applied Network Research) Active Measurement Project (AMP). A various configurations of network topologies, network parameters and network structures are used for family of RNN architectures to identify an optimal architecture. The experiments are run up to 1000 epochs with learning rate in the range [0.01-05] on both the binary and multiclass classification settings. RNN mechanisms have performed well in comparison to the other classical machine learning algorithms. Moreover, long short-term memory (LSTM) mechanism is a modified RNN, as achieved highest accuracy in cross-validation and testing of binary and multi-class classification cases. The background reason to that is, RNN mechanisms have capability to capture the dynamic temporal dependencies by storing information and updating them, when it is necessary across time-steps.
Competition and Peak-Demand Pricing in Clouds Under Tenants&#x2019; Demand Response

A significant fraction of the operational expenditures incurred by cloud service providers relates to their networking (Internet access) and electricity consumption. Both depend on the peak-demand over the billing interval. In the future, cloud services providers may in turn recoup these costs from their long-term customers through peak-based pricing. We explore two different methods for the cloud provider to recoup this charge: (i) equal allocation and (ii) proportional to usage allocation. Furthermore, we consider multiple strategic tenants whose active demand response to cloud price settings jointly depends on job responsiveness (modeled as queueing delay of admitted jobs) and lost/shed workload (due to excessive delay). Under certain conditions, we prove existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibria for regimes (i) and (ii). Due to nonconvexity in the utility (or cost) functions, existence statements require leveraging potentiality arguments while uniqueness statements rely on imposing further convexityrequirements. The resulting Nash equilibrium is parametrized by the price per unit demand, which may be strategically set by the cloud to maximize its revenue subject to tenants reaching a Nash equilibrium. We model the resulting interactions as a Stackelberg game between the cloud and a set of tenants. A relatively general existence statement is provided for the Stackelberg equilibrium under regime (i). For a special case of regime (ii), the unique Stackelberg equilibrium is characterized. Finally, we provide a numerical study for such a framework using real-world peak-based prices from an electric utility and demands given by Google workload traces. "
ACC 03-IEEE 0645 A Dynamic Model for Magnetostrictive Hysteresis ∗

The rate-dependent hysteresis present in thin magnetostrictive actuators can be captured by a dynamic model, consisting of a Preisach operator coupled to an ordinary differential equation in an unusual way. The model presents interesting problems in analysis and computation due to its special structure. In this paper we first transform the model into a more amenable form and gain insight into the model by introducing a new hysteretic operator. Then we investigate some system-theoretic properties of the model: stability of equilibria, input-output stability, reachability and controllability. Existence of periodic solutions under periodic forcing is also established. Finally numerical integration schemes for the model are discussed.
From Substages to Moral Types and Beyond: An Analysis of Core Criteria for Morally Autonomous Judgements

Based on Kohlberg’s typological distinction between heteronomous versus autonomous moral types (Type A vs. B), the study proposes a refined strategy for the assessment of autonomous morality that aims at overcoming methodological ‘aws of Kohlberg’s typological approach. Theoretically, two conceptually crucial criteria of autonomous morality were distinguished: (1) prescriptiveness; and (2) universality of moral reasoning. Empirically, measures of prescriptiveness and universality of moral reasoning were examined to determine whether or not they yield important empirical findings that were associated with the concept of moral types. In a study of 348 German adolescents from grades 9 and 12, both prescriptive and universalised moral reasoning were assessed by two standard probe questions of the Moral Judgment Interview. Both aspects of moral reasoning predicted readiness to take moral responsibility in the context of sociopolitical action. In addition, both measures were moderately correlated with moral stage, largely independent of SES, and unrelated to gender. There was significant longitudinal change towards prescriptive and universalised moral reasoning over a three-year interval. The findings demonstrate that the construct validity of Kohlberg’s approach to the assessment of autonomous morality can be significantly improved by using measures of the prescriptiveness and universality of moral reasoning.
Efficient Globally Optimal 2D-to-3D Deformable Shape Matching

We propose the first algorithm for non-rigid 2D-to-3D shape matching, where the input is a 2D query shape as well as a 3D target shape and the output is a continuous matching curve represented as a closed contour on the 3D shape. We cast the problem as finding the shortest circular path on the product 3-manifold of the two shapes. We prove that the optimal matching can be computed in polynomial time with a (worst-case) complexity of O(mn2 log(n)), wherem and n denote the number of vertices on the 2D and the 3D shape respectively. Quantitative evaluation confirms that the method provides excellent results for sketch-based deformable 3D shape retrieval.
Müfredat Entegrasyonunu Değerlendirme Skalasının Geliştirilmesi Ve Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelemesi

Calisma 2006-2007 yillari arasinda Istanbul Universitesi Bakirkoy Saglik Yuksek Okulunda cinsel saglikureme sagligi ile ilgili konularda yurutulen mufredat entekrasyonunu degerlendirmede kullanilabilecek bir olcek gelistirmek amaciyla yapildi. Calismanin orneklemini, ucunu ve dorduncu sinif 138 hemsire ve ebe ogrenci olusturdu. Olcek ifadelerinin olusturulmasi, icerik gecerligi, yapi gecerligi ve guvenirlik incelemesi olmak uzere dort asamada gelistirildi. Olcegin aciklayici faktor analizi sonucunda oz degeri >1 ve butun ifadelerin faktor yukleri >0.40 olan bes faktorlu bir yapi goruldu. Olcek ve alt boyutlarinin cronbach alfa degeri 0.87-0.63, total olcekte madde toplam korelasyon katsayilari 0.25-0.70, alt boyutlarda 0.41-0.74 arasinda degistigi saptandi. Sonuc olarak Mufredat Entegrasyonunu Degerlendirme Olceginin (MEDS) entegrasyonu degerlendirmede kullanilabilecek gecerli ve guvenilir bir olcum arac oldugu kabul edildi
The type I angiotensin II receptor couples to Stat1 and Stat3 activation through Jak2 kinase in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes.

The octapeptide, angiotensin II, has a modulatory role on cardiac cellular growth associated with hypertension and in compensatory remodeling following myocardial infarction. The molecular signal transduction pathways that participate in these and other cellular actions in response to angiotensin II are presently being elucidated. The signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathway directly links cytokine and growth factor receptors with transcriptional activity. We provide evidence that the G protein-linked, angiotensin II, AT1-receptor couples to activation of the STAT pathway in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Angiotensin II induces primarily sis-inducing factor (SIF) B and to a lesser extent SIF-C and SIF-A. The EC50 of this response was 40 nM and Stat1 and Stat3 proteins were identified as components of the SIF complexes. Stat1 and Stat3 were tyrosine phosphorylated five-fold and three-fold, respectively, over control levels following angiotensin II treatment of cardiac myocytes. Phosphorylation of Stat1 and Stat3 proteins was rapid (5 min) and sustained (60 min). Jak2 was also tyrosine phosphorylated eight-fold by angiotensin II treatment, and phosphorylated Stat1 and Stat3 proteins co-immunoprecipitated with activated Jak2 kinase. Selective inhibition of Jak2 kinase with AG-490 blocked formation of angiotensin II induced SIF complexes, suggesting that Jak2 kinase is required for cardiomyocyte SIF induction. In addition, Jak2, Stat1 and Stat3 proteins co-immunoprecipitated with the AT1-receptor. These are the first data to demonstrate coupling of a G-protein coupled receptor, AT1, to the JAK-STAT pathway in primary cultured cardiac myocytes and suggest that this pathway may be involved in transcriptional regulation by angiotensin II.
Aggregated Amyloid-β Protein Induces Cortical Neuronal Apoptosis and Concomitant “Apoptotic” Pattern of Gene Induction

To gain a molecular understanding of neuronal responses to amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), we have analyzed the effects of Aβ treatment on neuronal gene expression in vitro by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and in situhybridization. Treatment of cultured rat cortical neurons with Aβ1–40 results in a widespread apoptotic neuronal death. Associated with death is an induction of several members of the immediate early gene family. Specifically, we (1) report the time-dependent and robust induction of c-jun,junB, c-fos, and fosB, as well as transin, which is induced by c-Jun/c-Fos heterodimers and encodes an extracellular matrix protease; these gene inductions appear to be selective because other Jun and Fos family members, i.e., junD and fra-1, are induced only marginally; (2) show that the c-juninduction is widespread, whereas c-fos expression is restricted to a subset of neurons, typically those with condensed chromatin, which is a hallmark of apoptosis; (3) correlate gene induction and neuronal death by showing that each has a similar dose–response to Aβ; and (4) demonstrate that both cell death and immediate early gene induction are dependent on Aβ aggregation state. This overall gene expression pattern during this “physiologically inappropriate” apoptotic stimulus is markedly similar to the pattern we previously identified after a “physiologically appropriate” stimulus, i.e., the NGF deprivation-induced death of sympathetic neurons. Hence, the parallels identified here further our understanding of the genetic alterations that may lead neurons to apoptosis in response to markedly different insults.
Hand Steadiness: Effects of Sex, Menstrual Phase, Oral Contraceptives, Practice, and Handgun Weight

Two experiments were conducted in which men, normally cycling women, and women on menstrual cycles generated by the regular ingestion of oral contraceptives were compared for hand steadiness. In Experiment 1 subjects were tested on a standard laboratory hand-steadiness task. In Experiment 2 subjects were similarly tested while holding handguns of varying weights. In both experiments normally cycling women were steadiest, women on oral contraceptives were least steady, and men were intermediate. The relative differences lasted at least eight sessions. In addition, normally cycling women were found to experience a large decrement in performance during the premenstrual phase of their cycles. It was concluded that the men and women differ in hand steadiness and that the difference is repeatable, persistent, and at least somewhat generalizable. Oral contraceptive use and menstrual events must be taken into account in considering steadiness in women and should be considered more generally in performance assessment by psychological and human factors researchers.