Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the effect and mechanism of Aloin A against cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy via network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics and experimental validation

80% of advanced cancer patients suffer from cachexia, but there are no FDA-approved drugs. Therefore, it is imperative to discover potential drugs. Objective: This study aims at exploring the effect and targets of Aloin A against cancer cachexia (CC)-induced muscle atrophy. Methods: Network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) and animal model of CC-induced muscle atrophy with a series of behavior tests, muscle quality, HE staining and RT-PCR were performed to investigate the anticachectic effects and targets of Aloin A and its molecular mechanism. Results: Based on network pharmacology, 51 potential targets of Aloin A on CC-induced muscle atrophy were found, and then 10 hub genes were predicted by the PPI network. Next, KEGG and GO enrichment analysis showed that the anticachectic effect of Aloin A is associated with PI3K-AKT, MAPK, TNF, TLR, etc., pathways, and biological processes like inflammation, apoptosis and cell proliferation. Molecular docking and MD results showed good binding ability between the Aloin A and key targets. Moreover, experiments in vivo demonstrated that Aloin A effectively rescued muscle function and wasting by improving muscle quality, mean CSA, and distribution of muscle fibers by regulating HSP90AA1/AKT signaling in tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion: This study offers new insights for researchers to understand the effect and mechanism of Aloin A against CC using network pharmacology, molecular docking, MD and experimental validation, and Aloin A retards CC-induced muscle wasting through multiple targets and pathways, including HSP90AA1/AKT signaling, which provides evidence for Aloin A as a potential therapy for cancer cachexia in clinic.
Arctic circulation pathways, heat and freshwater fluxes: Results from numerical model integrations

W ith increasing attention on Arctic warming and consequent reductions o f sea ice, many studies are focusing on the “gateways” to the Arctic Ocean the regions where water enters and exits the Arctic Basin. The Chukchi Sea is the only pathway for Pacific water to enter the Arctic Ocean. While the Chukchi naturally undergoes large seasonal and interannual variability, currently it is also undergoing larger and rapid changes, which include transition to a longer icefree season. Numerical models are often used to explore this region, due to observational restrictions associated with sea-ice. M ost past and current models tend to represent riverine inputs in a non-realistic manner; adding freshwater on or past the shelf break, not accounting for seasonality of the river discharge, and omitting riverine heat content. In addition, in many of these models, buoyant coastal currents are not well resolved. Here, I present a new river discharge and river temperature data set (at 1/6° resolution). Employing this new data set within a high-resolution pan-Arctic model, freshwater content on the Arctic shelves increased by ~3600 km3 and summer heat fluxes increased by 8 TW (compared to previous models), resulting in a reduction o f the Arctic-wide September sea ice extent by up to ~10%. W ith both the improved riverine forcing included in the model calculations, and the m odel’s ability to resolve the Alaskan Coastal Current, the model suggests an additional 0.25 Sv o f flow to the long-term Bering Strait volume transport. This translates to a 64% increase in the heat transport and a 32% increase in freshwater transport (including 4% from sea ice). The model also resolves individual transport pathways in the Chukchi Sea, including that o f Bering Sea Water, which could influence species composition and distribution in the eastern Chukchi Sea. Increased computing power and improved observational tools lead to more accurate reproductions of coastal currents and riverine influences in these numerical models. Greater understanding o f this near-shore
Agricultural Digitalization: Can This Transformation Increase Farmers' Income In East Java?

The era of the industrial revolution 4.0 has encouraged various economic sectors to utilize technology and information in their activities, including the agricultural sector. This study provides an overview of the impact of agricultural digitization on farmers' income and examines the characteristics of farmers in East Java who have and have not utilized agricultural digitalization as a first step toward agricultural extension targets. The data comes from the August 2022 National Labor Force Survey in East Java conducted by BPS-Statistics Indonesia with a sample size of 7.852 farmers carrying out agricultural businesses. The t-Student test results show that farmers who utilize agricultural digitization have an average income higher than those who do not utilize it. The binary logistic regression results also show that digitization of agriculture, gender, education, agricultural business field, and business status also affect farmers' income. The results random undersampling analysis and random oversampling classification and regression trees results show that there are two types of characteristics of farmers in East Java who take advantage of agricultural digitization, namely farmers who graduated at least junior high school and farmers who graduated elementary school/equivalent, come from X, Y, or Z generations, and work assisted by permanent workers/paid workers.
A Comparative Study on the Effect of Substrate Structure on Electrochemical Performance and Stability of Electrodeposited Platinum and Iridium Oxide Coatings for Neural Electrodes

Implantable electrodes are crucial for stimulation safety and recording quality of neuronal activity. To enhance their electrochemical performance, electrodeposited nanostructured platinum (nanoPt) and iridium oxide (IrOx) have been proposed due to their advantages of in situ deposition and ease of processing. However, their unstable adhesion has been a challenge in practical applications. This study investigated the electrochemical performance and stability of nanoPt and IrOx coatings on hierarchical platinum-iridium (Pt-Ir) substrates prepared by femtosecond laser, compared with the coatings on smooth Pt-Ir substrates. Ultrasonic testing, agarose gel testing, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) testing were used to evaluate the coatings’ stability. Results showed that the hierarchical Pt-Ir substrate significantly enhanced the charge-storage capacity of electrodes with both coatings to more than 330 mC/cm2, which was over 75 times that of the smooth Pt-Ir electrode. The hierarchical substrate could also reduce the cracking of nanoPt coatings after ultrasonic, agarose gel and CV testing. Although some shedding was observed in the IrOx coating on the hierarchical substrate after one hour of sonication, it showed good stability in the agarose gel and CV tests. Stable nanoPt and IrOx coatings may not only improve the electrochemical performance but also benefit the function of neurobiochemical detection.
Overland flow generation mechanisms in the Concórdia River basin, in southern Brazil

Overland flow in watersheds is responsible for the occurrence of various environmental problems, including flood formation, erosion and the transportation of sediment, and the addition of pollutants to the soil. Additionally, understanding this hydrological process is fundamental to improving knowledge regarding individual interest factors in a region, since it interferes with agricultural productivity and water supply for both the population and industry, among other contributions. Two principal theorists have described the overland flow generation processes: Horton (1933) and Dunne (1978). The TOPMODEL (a topography-based hydrological model) approach represents the overland flow by variable contribution areas, which develop along the watercourses following the concept of Dunne’s overland flow. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the mechanisms of overland flow generated in the Concordia River basin based on the application of the TOPMODEL, using measured hydrological data obtained from a high frequency installed monitoring network. Discharge data series were performed for three sub-basins: SF3 (29.74 km2), SF2 (5.81 km2), and SF1 (2.36 km2). In these sub-basins, the flood hydrograph were separated and its response conditions were verified in the TOPMODEL. Rainfall, discharge, and potential evapotranspiration data were used in an hourly scale for the three sub-basins. In general, the model showed adequate efficiency for the SF3 sub-basin; however, the SF2 and SF1 sub-basins showed distortion in its parameters, thereby delaying the simulated hydrograph in terms of time. Accordingly, the results corroborate the more frequent appearance of Dunnian overland flow in the SF3 sub-basin, where the topography is smoother and features large areas with a low slope, which serve as variable saturation areas. The SF2 and SF1 sub-basins present characteristics that strongly reflect Hortonian overland flow, with slopes in the topography that do not allow the frequent formation of variable contribution areas.
Landslide-risk scenario of the Costa Viola mountain ridge (Calabria, Southern Italy)

ABSTRACT The study area of the Costa Viola mountain ridge is strongly exposed to shallow landslides triggered by rainfall. Starting from a susceptibility map, recently published by the same team, the related risk has been assessed, limitedly to landslide sources. The hazard has first been evaluated by considering the recurrence periods of triggering events. Economic value and physical vulnerability of the types of elements at risk have been assumed by considering land-use and the effects of similar events in Southern Italy, respectively. The 1:30,000-scale risk map (Main Map) has been produced by combining the above-mentioned layers. Low risk prevails in the study area, whilst the highest values are concentrated along the coast, where villages and the main infrastructure are located. The expected annual damage exceeds 570 million € (about 68% pertaining to low-risk cells). Risk maps produced through similar simplified geographic information system-based procedures may play a crucial role in accurate land-use planning and effective decision-making.
Application of the real options approach to the appraisal of motorway concessions. The abandonment option.

Las inversiones en proyectos de infraestructuras de transporte, especialmente las concesiones de infraestructuras, estan asociadas con un alto grado de incertidumbre y requieren de la aplicacion de elevadas cantidades de recursos. La estimacion del valor presente de los flujos de caja futuros conlleva descontar esos flujos a una determinada tasa de descuento, que en algunos casos, puede conducir a errores cuando el proyecto lleva asociado cierto grado de flexibilidad. En estos casos, los metodos de valoracion de inversiones basados en la aplicacion de la teoria de opciones reales, nos permite estimar el valor del proyecto en un entorno de incertidumbre, anadiendo el valor de la flexibilidad administrativa, operativa y de gestion a los metodos de valoraciones tradicionales. En la presente tesis doctoral se aplica la teoria de opciones reales al caso concreto de la opcion de abandono de un proyecto de concesion de infraestructuras de transporte. Para ello, se ha considerado el trafico como activo subyacente para llevar a cabo la analogia con las opciones financieras. Investments in transport infrastructure projects, and specifically in toll motorway concessions, are associated with a high degree of uncertainty and require a large amount of resources. The estimate of the net present value of the project involves discounting future revenue at a given discount rate, which can lead to mistaken results when the project implies a certain degree of flexibility. In such cases, methods for the valuation of the investments based on the real options theory allow to estimate projects in an uncertain environment, adding the value of the administrative, operative and managerial flexibility to the strictly financial valuation of the traditional methods. In this dissertation, the options theory has been applied to the specific case of the abandonment option in a toll motorway concession project. For this purpose, the traffic of the motorway has been considered as the underlying asset to carry out a valuation based on the analogy with the financial options.
Morpho-Molecular Features and Phylogenetic Relationships of Metorchis butoridi Oschmarin, 1963 (Trematoda: Opisthorchiidae) from East Asia

Simple Summary Morphological and molecular data were collected from experimentally reared adult trematodes of Metorchis butoridi, a parasite of the gallbladder of fish-eating birds from the Russian Far East. Phylogenetic relationships within the family Opisthorchiidae were analyzed. The results confirmed that the trematodes under study belong to the genus Metorchis. Some taxonomical issues of the genus are discussed. Abstract Adult trematodes of the genus Metorchis were found in the gallbladders of ducklings that had been experimentally fed freshwater fishes of the genera Rhynchocypris and Rhodeus that were naturally infected by Metorchis metacercariae. Some of the trematodes were identified as Metorchis ussuriensis, whose morphology of developmental stages and molecular data had previously been described in detail. The other trematodes were confirmed as species Metorchis butoridi on the basis of morphological features: subterminal oral sucker, vitelline follicles with interrupted bands, and rosette-shaped testes. An analysis of phylogenetic relationships within Opisthorchiidae using nuclear and mitochondrial markers confirmed that the obtained trematodes were actually from the genus Metorchis. The morphological and molecular features indicated that a number of trematodes found in East Asia and described as Metorchis orientalis belong to M. butoridi. Also, the M. orientalis individuals from Europe are, in fact, representatives of another Metorchis species.
An analysis of South African long distance passenger transport : cross-border passenger movements

Passenger transport in South Africa, just like in many other developing countries has many characteristics that are generally absent from public transport systems in the first world countries. The first and prime characteristic is the high volume of low capacity vehicles (less than 20 seaters) in commuter services and the dominance of this form of public transport in the overall public transport sphere. It is estimated that minibuses (taxis) account for 70% (based on market access permit volumes) of modal share in the cross-border road transport industry within Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. The minibuses operate on fixed corridors and in most cases for distances longer than 1000 kilometres a single trip. The fact that the minibuses have limited carrying capacity yet they travel such long distances raises key questions in regard to the economics of cross-border operations particularly in respect to the sustainability, viability, cost-effectiveness and productivity thereof. Furthermore, it also raises questions in regard to safety of services given that only one driver is assigned to drive over such long distances. This paper looks at the economics of long distance minibus passenger operations focusing on cross-border road transport between South Africa and neighbouring countries. It is partly based on findings from a study entitled “Market Access Regulation” (CSIR & C-BRTA, 2013) conducted by the Cross-Border Road Transport Agency (C-BRTA) in partnership with the Centre for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). Quantitative and qualitative methodologies were utilized in executing the study. Furthermore, consultations were conducted with relevant stakeholders in the regulatory environment in SADC region. It was established that some routes are already over-saturated and sustainability of operations is under threat. Despite the fact that minibuses are more flexible than conventional buses, passengers are shifting preference towards the latter for safety and comfort amongst other reasons. Furthermore, it was also established that viability and productivity in cross-border minibus operations are on the decline thus, a new regulatory regime is required in the industry. This paper also provides interventions that can be deployed to close the gaps in the cross-border long distance passenger transport with a view to enhance operational efficiency and productivity. 347 ISBN Number: 978-1-920017-64-4 Proceedings of the 35th Southern African Transport Conference (SATC 2016)
Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes: A Retrospective Study of Children Diagnosed Under Ten Years of Age

INTRODUCTION: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by a selective loss of pancreatic ? -cells with a disproportionate recent increase at ages under 5-years old. Its etiology is multifactorial, to which immune factors contribute through pancreatic autoantibodies. Our main aim is to assess whether the type of pancreatic autoantibody influence the clinical symptoms, glycated hemoglobin and glycemia at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children diagnosed under ten-years of age.METHODS: Observational, retrospective and analytical study carried out with a total of 95 patients included. We compared two groups (aged ? 60 months and >60 months) and each type of autoantibody (positive/negative) regarding demographic, immune, clinical and laboratory characteristics. The autoantibodies studied were islet cell autoantibodies (against cytoplasmic proteins in the ? -cell), antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase, anti-insulin and anti-zinc transporter 8. The impact of autoimmunity, glycated hemoglobin, gender and age on clinical and laboratory parameters of these children was analyzed.RESULTS: Children diagnosed over 60 months had a higher glycated hemoglobin value (p=0.005) and this laboratory parameter was the only one that showed an impact on the initial presentation as diabetic ketoacidosis (CI95%: OR=1.66;p=0.001). The value of glycemia at admission showed to be influenced negatively by age (? =--0.25;p=0.022) and positively by glycated hemoglobin (? =0.35;p=0.001). None of the autoantibodies evaluated seemed to interfere in the clinical and laboratory manifestations of type 1 diabetes.CONCLUSION: Demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics showed no statistically significant differences between two groups of positive/negative pancreatic autoantibodies analyzed. It is crucial to develop further studies in the scope of autoimmunity that allow to structure potential immune phenotypes and assist in the discovery of new therapeutic targets.
THE FACTORS INFLUENCING RETIREMENT PREPARATION AMONG GEN Y IN MALAYSIA

Preparing for retirement is one of the most important elements of a comfortable post-retirement life. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the preparation towards retirement among Gen Y in Malaysia. In particular, this research investigated the relationship between demographic variables, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, individual differences
Case Report of Desmoid Fibromatosis as a Rare Disease Entity of the Breast

Desmoid fibromatosis (DF) of the breast is a rare condition. Owing to its rarity and mimicry of carcinoma, the diagnosis and optimal treatment of DF are challenging tasks. A 41-year-old woman with no history of augmentation or other breast procedures for breast cancer was examined. The patient had a palpable mass in the left breast identified as a spiculated hypoechoic mass using ultrasonography. Core needle biopsy revealed spindle cells without mitotic figures. The mass was excised and a histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of DF. The patient had no history of any related factors. Imaging studies did not reveal specific features that could distinguish this tumor from other commonly presenting carcinomas. Therefore, pathological confirmation is of paramount importance for the diagnosis of DF. Further experience with more cases will help to understand DF better and develop a multidisciplinary approach to its clinical management.
SINAI at Placing Task of MediaEval 2010

In this paper we present a basic approach for assigning geographical coordinates to videos uploaded to Flickr 1 . Our approach combines geographical entities recognition based on the annotations provided for each video and information retrieval on textual tags of Flickr images provided for development purposes. However, we have not used the low-level visual features extracted from keyframes and training images. The poor results obtained show that our geographical entity recognizer must be improved to solve the spatial ambiguity present in most of the user annotations of each video. In addition, some problems have been identied during the
Intrinsic Sinus Node/Atrioventricular Node Dysfunction Requiring Pacemaker Implantation: Role of Former Professional Sport Activity

Background: Sinus bradycardia and first degree or second degree Mobitz type I atrioventricular (AV) block in an athlete are considered adaptive and reversible phenomena; however, some evidence suggests that they may persist after detraining and become pathological. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of a group of former professional athletes who required pacemaker (PM) implantation for intrinsic (idiopathic) sinus node (SN) dysfunction or AV block in comparison to control groups of sedentary individuals. Methods: We included all patients who underwent PM implantation during 2022. Three groups were compared: group 1 including 18 former professional athletes who received a PM for SN dysfunction/AV block in the absence of heart disease; group 2 including the first 20 sedentary individuals without heart disease who underwent PM implantation; and group 3 including all other 323 patients who received PM, the majority with underlying heart diseases. Results: Compared to the non-athlete control group 2, the mean age at diagnosis and at the time of PM implantation of former professional athletes did not show statistically significant differences. However, subgroup analysis revealed significant differences depending on the type of sports discipline: the age at diagnosis and at PM implantation was significantly lower in former endurance athletes than former strength/mixed athletes, control non-athletes, and all other patients. Moreover, former endurance professional athletes exhibited a higher prevalence of second or third degree AV block (78%) as the reason for PM implantation compared to power/mixed athletes (44%). The other clinical characteristics, including echocardiographic parameters, did not differ between former athletes and non-athletes. Conclusions: Former professional endurance athletes with idiopathic SN dysfunction/AV block manifested the disease earlier in the life course compared to former power/mixed athletes and non-athletes. This suggests that bradycardia/AV block caused by intense and prolonged endurance sports may not always be benign and adaptive phenomena.