Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Assays for Targeting Human and Bovine Enteric Viruses in Coastal Waters and Their Application for Library-Independent Source Tracking

ABSTRACT Rapid population growth and urban development along waterways and coastal areas have led to decreasing water quality. To examine the effects of upstream anthropogenic activities on microbiological water quality, methods for source-specific testing are required. In this study, molecular assays targeting human enteroviruses (HEV), bovine enteroviruses (BEV), and human adenoviruses (HAdV) were developed and used to identify major sources of fecal contamination in the lower Altamaha River, Georgia. Two-liter grab samples were collected monthly from five tidally influenced stations between July and December 2002. Samples were analyzed by reverse transcription- and nested-PCR. PCR results were confirmed by dot blot hybridization. Eleven and 17 of the 30 surface water samples tested positive for HAdV and HEV, respectively. Two-thirds of the samples tested positive for either HEV or HAdV, and the viruses occurred simultaneously in 26% of samples. BEV were detected in 11 of 30 surface water samples. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of both human and bovine enteric viruses was not significantly related to either fecal coliform or total coliform levels. The presence of these viruses was directly related to dissolved oxygen and streamflow but inversely related to water temperature, rainfall in the 30 days preceding sampling, and chlorophyll-a concentrations. The stringent host specificity of enteric viruses makes them good library-independent indicators for identification of water pollution sources. Viral pathogen detection by PCR is a highly sensitive and easy-to-use tool for rapid assessment of water quality and fecal contamination when public health risk characterization is not necessary.
Research on automatic classification technology of web image based on fuzzy pattern recognition

The automatic classification technology of web image is important for control the web content. For handy image classification, it is difficult to satisfy people's demands because of the period, fee and effect. This paper presents a kind of web image automatic classification based on fuzzy pattern recognition, HSV color space and complexion model. The membership function is obtained to extract complexion characteristics firstly, and then the classification determinant rule of sexy image is given. The experiment results show the classification algorithm is effective for severity sexy image and attains anticipated target. This algorithm improved the currency character of classification algorithm because the hypothesis of classification model is a little.
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Enterprise applications can be viewed as topologies of distributed processes that access business data objects stored in one or more transactional datastores. There are several wellknown topology patterns that help to integrate different subsystems or to improve nonfunctional properties like scalability, fault tolerance, or response time. Combinations of multiple patterns lead to custom topologies with the shape of a directed acyclic graph (DAG). These topologies are hard to build on top of existing middleware and even harder to adapt to changing requirements. In this paper we present the principles of an enterprise application architecture that supports a wide range of custom topologies. The architecture decouples application code, process topology, and data distribution scheme and thus allows for an easy adaptation of existing topologies. We introduce RI-trees for specifying a data distribution scheme and present rules for RI-tree-based object routing in DAG topologies.
EPIGENETICS, REPRESENTATION, AND SOCIETY

In recent decades, advances in the life sciences have created an unprecedentedly detailed picture of heredity and the formation of the phenotype where clusters of simplistic reductionist and deterministic views and interpretations have begun to lose ground to more complex and holistic notions. The developments in gene regulation and epigenetics have become a vivid emblem of the ongoing ‘softening’ of heredity. Despite this headway, the outlook and rhetoric widely popular in the twentieth century favoring the ‘gene’ in the ‘gene↔genetic plasticity↔phenotype↔environment’ tetrad have not been successfully tackled but continue to exist in parallel with a new, equally monochromatic, viewpoint championing genetic plasticity. An examination of epigenetics and its presentation in the public sphere, open to a conversation with the social disciplines and philosophy, could address this dichotomy and contribute to the discourse. This article outlines key biological aspects of epigenetics and discusses the language, presentation and wider resonance of this field of life science research.
Non-state actors, ungoverned spaces and international responsibility for cyber acts

This article examines the question of whether states can be held responsible for the malicious cyber activities of non-state actors operating from ungoverned spaces. After examining relevant rules of the law of state responsibility, it concludes that there is a responsibility deficit. For this reason, it puts forward a proposal for holding non-state actors that exercise effective power over territories and people directly responsible for their malicious cyber activities. In this respect, it considers the scope of their obligations, issues of attribution as well as issues concerning the implementation of their responsibility. It however acknowledges that many non-state actors including ‘virtual’ groups still remain outside legal regulation.
Diagnosis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Children and Adolescents: Position Paper of the ESPGHAN Hepatology Committee

ABSTRACT Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents in the United States, and most probably also in the rest of the industrialized world. As the prevalence of NAFLD in childhood increases with the worldwide obesity epidemic, there is an urgent need for diagnostic standards that can be commonly used by pediatricians and hepatologists. To this end, we performed a PubMed search of the adult and pediatric literature on NAFLD diagnosis through May 2011 using Topics and/or relevant Authors as search words. According to the present literature, NAFLD is suspected based on the association of fatty liver combined with risk factors (mainly obesity), after the exclusion of other causes of liver disease. The reference but imperfect standard for confirming NAFLD is liver histology. The following surrogate markers are presently used to estimate degree of steatosis and liver fibrosis and risk of progression to end-stage liver disease: imaging by ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging, liver function tests, and serum markers of liver fibrosis. NAFLD should be suspected in all of the overweight or obese children and adolescents older than 3 years with increased waist circumference especially if there is a NAFLD history in relatives. The typical presentation, however, is in children ages 10 years and older. The first diagnostic step in these children should be abdominal ultrasound and liver function tests, followed by exclusion of other liver diseases. Overweight/obese children with normal ultrasonographic imaging and normal liver function tests should still be monitored due to the poor sensitivity of these tests at a single assessment. Indications for liver biopsy include the following: to rule out other treatable diseases, in cases of clinically suspected advanced liver disease, before pharmacological/surgical treatment, and as part of a structured intervention protocol or clinical research trial.
Combining Multilevel Manipulation Estimation with Content-Based Authentication Watermarking

The recognition of digital audio data manipulation is a challenge addressed by various fragile and content- fragile watermarking algorithms. But so far none of the approaches provides satisfying results with respect to manipulation detection. Especially distinguishing malicious attacks from allowed post production operations is still an open issue. We introduce an integration of our watermarking-based approach for audio data falsification recognition into a content-based watermark authentication method. This combines the capabilities of known feature-embedding algorithms with our forensic approach using watermarking as a hint for falsification estimation. We create a feature that can be extracted out of the same domain as for the watermark embedding. Our method is verified using several audio data sets of speech.
Department of Economics Discussion Paper Series How Likely Is Contagion in Financial Networks? How Likely Is Contagion in Financial Networks?

Interconnections among financial institutions create potential channels for contagion and amplification of shocks to the financial system. We estimate the extent to which interconnections increase expected losses, with minimal information about network topology, under a wide range of shock distributions. Expected losses from network effects are small without substantial heterogeneity in bank sizes and a high degree of reliance on interbank funding. They are also small unless shocks are magnified by some mechanism beyond simple spillover effects; these include bankruptcy costs, fire sales, and mark-to-market revaluations of assets. We illustrate the results with data on the European banking system.
The impact of role stress on job satisfaction and the intention to quit among call centre representatives in a financial company

The call centre industry has been one of the fastest growing industries in South Africa. Call centres have for most companies become a basic business requirement for servicing customers. Zapf, Isic, Bechtoldt and Blau (2003: 311) argue that there are high levels of stress amongst employees in call centres, which they believe to be the result of both the work tasks and the interactions with customers. The aim of this study was to establish whether call centre work design and structure contributed to role stress amongst client service representatives (CSRs). It was also the aim of this study to establish whether role stress affected the CSRs‟ levels of job satisfaction and their intentions to quit from their jobs. The population for this study was 170 client service representatives, of which151 participated. The sample comprised both males and females, with different races and age groups. The data was collected using a self administered questionnaire, adopted from the study by Hang-yue, Foley and Loi (2005). The result of the study suggests that the CSRs, within the company under this study, experience role related stress, which is as a direct result of their work conditions. It was found that the CSRs experience role stress in terms of role conflict, role overload, and work-family conflict. However, this was not the case regarding role ambiguity. The results further showed that a negative relationship exists between role stress and job satisfaction.
International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering a Survey: Fp Tree Algorithm with and without Trusted Party for Environmentally Distributed Databases

Data mining technology has emerged as a means of Identifying patterns and trends from large quantities of data. Mining rule is important data mining problem . To solve mining rule problem many technique are available example Apriori, FP Tree. FP Tree Algorithm has wide distribution to find relationship between among the attribute in database. The privacy concept arises when the data is distributed in the environment, concept of privacy arises here so that no any unauthorized person not able to decrypt the data and see the result. For this we used hash based secure sum cryptography technique because when the party to find the global result may be that result is frequent or infrequent. That's why privacy concept is arises with and without trusted party. In this paper we compare the result privacy preserving technique with and without trusted party for horizontal partitioned database with the help of FP Tree Algorithm. And provide high privacy to database with percentage of data leakage is zero percent. I.INTRODUCTION Data mining techniques are available to retrieve useful information from large database. Prediction and description are the two fundamental goals of data mining. To full fill these goals many data mining techniques [1] [2] [3] [4] exists such as FP Tree Algorithm, Apriori algorithm [7] [8] [9], classification, clustering and so on. Among these, FP Tree Algorithm has wide applications to discover interesting relationship among attributes in large databases. FP tree algorithm is used to find the rules which satisfy the user specified minimum support and minimum confidence. In the process of finding FP Tree Algorithm, the set of frequent item sets are computed as the first step and then FP Tree Algorithm are generated based on these frequent item sets. Two types of database environments exist namely centralized and distributed. A Centralized database [4] [5] [6] [7] is a database located and maintained in one location, unlike a distributed database. One main advantage is that all data is located in one place. The disadvantage is that bottlenecks may occur. Many FP Tree Algorithm struggle with their management information systems and their membership databases. One of their primary struggles is the lack of centralized information. Too often, assns and non-profits keep separate databases for membership, events, sales, and other processes. When at all feasible, these databases should be combined into a single, centralized database. There are several benefits to moving your data to a centralized …
Score Following with HMMs and Polyphonic Audio Input

Automated score-following requires that an agent be able to track the exact path through a musical score that was taken, based on the audio input of that score that it receives. The current systems described in the literature do so with a MIDI file as an input. MIDI files do not store any actual audio data, and are just digital outputs of the pitch and duration for each note in a song. We describe a method to allow an agent to follow the score of the actual audio of the performance, presented to the system in a WAV file. Our system, in similar fashion to those in existence, will automatically generate a Markov model from the written score. The Markov model will have the same form as the score it is generated from. After hearing the entire performance, our system will use some algorithms associated with Markov models to tell which path through the performance was taken. We have tested our system on a corpus of 50 Bach chorales. Results show that this algorithm only worked in certain cases and must be improved to function properly in a general case.
[Measurements of reported morbidity and interrelationships with health dimensions].

OBJECTIVE To assess the interrelationships between self-rated health, perceptions of long-term illness and diagnoses of chronic diseases. METHODS In the World Health Survey, carried out in Brazil in 2003, 5,000 individuals aged 18 years and over who had been selected from a three-stage stratified sample were interviewed. The original questionnaire was adapted for the Brazilian context. It covered the presence of long-term illness or disability, self-rating of health (general and in several domains) and diagnoses of six chronic diseases (arthritis, angina, asthma, depression, schizophrenia and diabetes mellitus). To compare the relationships between self-rated health, perceptions of long-term illness and the chronic diseases evaluated, the statistical test of homogeneity of proportions and multiple logistic regression models were used. RESULTS Self-rating of health as "not good" and perceptions of having long-term illnesses were significantly more frequent among women, individuals aged 50 years and over and individuals with one or more of the diseases investigated. The interviewees with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus presented the worst self-rated health: 70.9% reported having a long-term illness and 79.3% considered that their health was "not good". Worse health ratings were found when two or more diseases were present together. The effect of self-rating of health on the perceptions of long-term illness was stronger than was the number of diseases. CONCLUSIONS The three ways of measuring morbidity presented significant interrelationships. Self-rating of health as "not good" had a more important effect on the perceptions of long-term illness, thus suggesting that subjective measurements of health status may be more sensitive for establishing and monitoring individuals' wellbeing.
Data-selective transfer learning for multi-domain speech recognition

Negative transfer in training of acoustic models for automatic speech recognition has been reported in several contexts such as domain change or speaker characteristics. This paper proposes a novel technique to overcome negative transfer by efficient selection of speech data for acoustic model training. Here data is chosen on relevance for a specific target. A submodular function based on likelihood ratios is used to determine how acoustically similar each training utterance is to a target test set. The approach is evaluated on a wide–domain data set, covering speech from radio and TV broadcasts, telephone conversations, meetings, lectures and read speech. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed technique both finds relevant data and limits negative transfer. Results on a 6–hour test set show a relative improvement of 4% with data selection over using all data in PLP based models, and 2% with DNN features.
Solar Dynamo Theory

The Sun's magnetic field is the engine and energy source driving all phenomena collectively defining solar activity, which in turn structures the whole heliosphere and significantly impacts Earth's atmosphere down at least to the stratosphere. The solar magnetic field is believed to originate through the action of a hydromagnetic dynamo process operating in the Sun's interior, where the strongly turbulent environment of the convection zone leads to flow-field interactions taking place on an extremely wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Following a necessarily brief observational overview of the solar magnetic field and its cycle, this review on solar dynamo theory is structured around three areas in which significant advances have been made in recent years: (a) global magnetohydrodynamical simulations of convection and magnetic cycles, (b) the turbulent electromotive force and the dynamo saturation problem, and (c) flux transport dynamos, and their application to model cycle fluctuations and grand .
The Effect of Creative Drama on Pre-teaching Skills and Social Communication Behaviors of Children with Autism

Abstract This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of creative drama in education on pre-teaching skills and social communication behaviors of children with autism. The research is based on a 6-year-old girl with autism, attending pre-school inclusion classes in Izmir, Turkey. To evaluate the specify effectiveness, this research is, among single subject designs, multiple baselines across behavior models, pre-test and post-test designs. The study is expected to indicate the positive impact of applied training on developing receptive language skills, social interaction, social independence, and a social collaboration: instruction following, attention gathering and awaiting the turn. Based on the findings of this research, it can be said that the drama education in early childhood for children with autism has a positive effect on teaching social skills and pre-teaching skills.
Improvements on block size control method for adaptive parallel downloading

Although the traditional downloading programs usually select one server and retrieves a file from the server, it is more practical to select more servers (e.g. mirror servers) and to fetch different parts of a file from the servers in parallel from the point of view of downloading time and fault-tolerance of network service. We have already proposed an adaptive parallel downloading method, which enables us to stabilize and accelerate the downloading time even in the network environments with various bandwidths. Since we found a little room for improvement in the method, this paper describes an improved method. The new method has the following features: (1) independence of the number of mirror servers and (2) introduction of request pipelining into parallel downloading. Based on practical experiments from the viewpoint of downloading speed and stability of downloading time, we confirm that the improved method is more effective than the previous methods. There is a possibility that the improved method become one of the most important network control technologies for network assurance.
Gender and self-enterprise in the social media age: a digital double bind

ABSTRACT The profound growth of independent employment in post-industrial economies has paralleled a vibrant ethos of self-enterprise – one captured by the prodding assertion that ‘we’re all entrepreneurs now. ’ Amidst ubiquitous technologies of production, distribution, and promotion, the ideal of entrepreneurialism has taken on a political valance: that is, individuals are ostensibly ‘empowered’ to pursue their passion projects in digital environments. This project brings gender politics to the fore of contemporary discourses of online entrepreneurship. We draw upon in-depth interviews with 22 independently employed female professionals, the majority of whom work in digital media/creative fields, to understand the role of social media in their self-starter careers. Many interviewees were compelled to develop and present online personae that conformed to traditional prescriptions for femininity – a quandary that we term the digital double bind. An updated version of the career impasse that female workers face in offline work environments, the digital double bind is structured through three distinct, yet interrelated, social media imperatives: (1) soft self-promotion; (2) interactive intimacy; and (3) compulsory visibility. Participants’ reflections on these imperatives emerge from the traditionally masculine-coded nature of entrepreneurship and its markers of success, which require female workers to assume additional risk and engage in invisible labor. The digital double bind is thus a testament to enduring structural inequalities that render female self-enterprise an inferior category of entrepreneurship; promises of digitally enabled meritocracy, we conclude, are largely superficial.
Cutting Edge: Quantitative Imaging of Raft Accumulation in the Immunological Synapse

Although the accumulation of lipid rafts at the immunological synapse is now well accepted, the degree of the accumulation, the localization within the fine structure of the immunological synapse, and the region from which lipid rafts are recruited have not been defined. In this work we show that lipid rafts preferentially accumulate in the central zone of the immunological synapse, the central supramolecular activation complex (C-SMAC). However, quantitative analyses indicate that the level of recruitment of lipid rafts to the C-SMAC is relatively small and suggests that rearrangement of lipid rafts from the peripheral zone of the synapse into the C-SMAC can account for this accumulation. We also assessed the effects of CD28 deficiency on lipid raft recruitment to the immunological synapse. The accumulation of lipid occurred independently of the CD28/B7 system and was not measurably altered by CD28.
Improving the Translation from ECTL to SAT

The objective of this paper is to offer an improvement to the translation from ECTL to SAT introduced in [14] and show that the improvement proposed substantially increases the efficiency of verifying temporal properties using the Bounded Model Checking method. We have implemented our new translation and made preliminary experimental results, which demonstrate the efficiency of the method.