Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Un problème Spectral Issu d'un Couplage Elasto-Acoustique

We are interested in the theoretical study of a spectral problem arising in a physical situation, namely interactions of fluid-solid type structure. More precisely, we study the existence of solutions for a quadratic eigenvalue problem, which describes the vibrations of a System made up of two elastic bodies, where a slip is allowed on their interface and which surround a cavity full of an inviscid and slightly compressible fluid. The problem shall be treated like a generalized eigenvalue problem. Thus by using some functional analysis results, we deduce the existence of solutions and prove a spectral asymptotic behavior property, which allows us to compare the spectrum of this coupled model and the spectrum associated to the problem without transmission between the fluid-solid media. Resume. Nous nous interessons a l'etude theorique d'un probleme spectral d'origine physique se situant dans le domaine des interactions du type fluide-structure. Plus precisement, il s'agit d'etudier l'existence de solutions au probleme quadratique de valeurs propres qui decrit les vibrations d'un systeme forme de deux corps elastiques, ayant entre eux un contact non-rigide et entourant une cavite remplie par un fluide parfait et legerement compressible. En d'autres termes le probleme apparait comme un probleme de valeurs propres generalise non-standard. Ainsi, en utilisant certains resultats d'analyse fonctionnelle, nous pouvons en deduire l'existence de solutions et demontrer une propriete asymptotique, qui permet d'etablir des comparaisons entre le spectre du probleme couple et celui du probleme sans transmission entre les milieux fluide et solide (probleme decouple).
Two consistent calculations of the Weinberg angle

The Weinberg-Salam theory is reformulated as a pure Yang-Mills theory in a six-dimensional space, the Higgs field being interpreted as gauge potentials in the additional dimensions. Viewed in this way, the condition that the Higgs field transforms as a U(1) representation of charge one is equivalent to requiring a value of 30 degrees for the Weinberg angle. A second consistent determination comes form the idea borrowed from monopole theory that the electromagnetic field is the direction of the Higgs field.
Further Analysis on the Mystery of the Surveyor III Dust Deposits

The Apollo 12 lunar module (LM) landing near the Surveyor III spacecraft at the end of 1969 has remained the primary experimental verification of the predicted physics of plume ejecta effects from a rocket engine interacting with the surface of the moon. This was made possible by the return of the Surveyor III camera housing by the Apollo 12 astronauts, allowing detailed analysis of the composition of dust deposited by the LM plume. It was soon realized after the initial analysis of the camera housing that the LM plume tended to remove more dust than it had deposited. In the present study, coupons from the camera housing have been reexamined. In addition, plume effects recorded in landing videos from each Apollo mission have been studied for possible clues. Several likely scenarios are proposed to explain the Surveyor III dust observations. These include electrostatic levitation of the dust from the surface of the Moon as a result of periodic passing of the day-night terminator; dust blown by the Apollo 12 LM flyby while on its descent trajectory; dust ejected from the lunar surface due to gas forced into the soil by the Surveyor III rocket nozzle, based on Darcy’s law; and mechanical movement of dust during the Surveyor landing. Even though an absolute answer may not be possible based on available data and theory, various computational models are employed to estimate the feasibility of each of these proposed mechanisms. Scenarios can then be tested which combine multiple mechanisms to produce results consistent with observations. LUNAR SURVEYOR III SAMPLES
A Sub-μW Energy Harvester Architecture With Reduced Top/Bottom Plate Switching Loss Achieving 80.66% Peak Efficiency in 180-nm CMOS

This article presents a 25 nW–2.4 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> switched-capacitor-based solar energy harvester with integrated maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The proposed dc–dc converter avoids charging and discharging of top and bottom plate parasitic capacitors by switching both the terminals of energy source as opposed to switching just one terminal. As a result, the energy lost in switching the top and bottom plate parasitic capacitors is zero joules, which helps to achieve highly efficient switched capacitor architecture for harvesting sub 1-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> energy. The proposed dc–dc converter achieves same charge redistribution loss (CRL) as that of a cross-coupled dc-dc converter with half the required number of capacitors. The proposed harvester is implemented in 180 nm CMOS process and achieves an efficiency of 80% while delivering 1-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> output and achieves a peak efficiency of 80.66% at 2.4-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> output while maintaining a regulated output of 1.8 V.
A Bee Colony-Based Algorithm for Task Offloading in Vehicular Edge Computing

Complex vehicular applications, such as automatic driving and augmented reality are delay sensitive and require massive computational resources. Despite being more connected and smarter, vehicles still cannot appropriately meet the demands of these applications. By allowing neighboring vehicles and edge servers coupled to base stations to share their available computing resources, vehicular edge computing systems help to handle these applications. Then, vehicles can use the task offloading technique by sending application tasks to be executed remotely and receiving the processing results later. Although this technique aims to reduce application execution time, performing it in vehicular scenarios is challenging. In such scenarios, network nodes vary their computing and energy loads and move quickly, causing frequent disconnections and failures. Thus, we propose an algorithm called Bee colony-based Task offloading in Vehicular edge computing (BTV) to reliably reduce the execution time of applications in vehicular edge computing systems. The BTV algorithm provides task scheduling solutions to different servers in a feasible time, using several contextual parameters and wireless access in vehicular environments and fifth-generation networks. Experimental results show that our solution can reduce the average execution time of applications by up to 74.4% and with up to 0.0% of failures, outperforming other existing solutions.
Performance Investigation on a Clock Distribution and Synchronization Scheme Over DWDM Optical Links

For most large-scale physics experiments, it is desirable that the clock distribution and data transmission are unified on a single optical network. To meet the requirement of current large-scale physics experiments for clock synchronization (SYNC) accuracy in the range of tens of picoseconds, and adapt to the increasingly widespread use of dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) optics, this article investigates the performance of clock distribution and synchronization scheme based on DWDM optics and high-speed serializer–deserializer (SerDes) transceivers embedded in field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). By extending our previously proposed simplified calibration procedure based on the White Rabbit protocol to the present asymmetric link, all possible errors, especially the new factors brought about by the asymmetric link, are investigated so that the time uncertainty on the link can be minimized. Using the built test system to carry out multiple reset and long-term operation tests, the measured clock synchronization accuracy over a 5-km optical fiber connection is better than 20 ps, and the rms jitter of the recovered clock is less than 10 ps. The test results show that the combination of White Rabbit with DWDM optics can have both high-bandwidth data transmission and high-performance clock synchronization at the same time.
Unified robot and inertial sensor self-calibration

Abstract Robots and inertial measurement units (IMUs) are typically calibrated independently. IMUs are placed in purpose-built, expensive automated test rigs. Robot poses are typically measured using highly accurate (and thus expensive) tracking systems. In this paper, we present a quick, easy, and inexpensive new approach to calibrate both simultaneously, simply by attaching the IMU anywhere on the robot’s end-effector and moving the robot continuously through space. Our approach provides a fast and inexpensive alternative to both robot and IMU calibration, without any external measurement systems. We accomplish this using continuous-time batch estimation, providing statistically optimal solutions. Under Gaussian assumptions, we show that this becomes a nonlinear least-squares problem and analyze the structure of the associated Jacobian. Our methods are validated both numerically and experimentally and compared to standard individual robot and IMU calibration methods.
A treatment by the FD‐TD method of the dispersive characteristics associated with electronic polarization

In this article, the formulation of dispersive characteristics associated with an electronic polarization is discussed. The formulation is appropriate for use in the finite-difference-time-domain (FD-TD) method and is based on the equation of polarization. The validity of the formulation is verified by comparing the calculated complex dielectric constant with analytical values.
Modified Heuristic Computational Techniques for the Resource Optimization in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs)

With the advancement of internet technologies and multimedia applications, the spectrum scarcity problem is becoming more acute. Thus, spectral-efficient schemes with minimal interference for IoT networks are required. Device-to-device communication (D2D) technology has the potential to solve the issue of spectrum scarcity in future wireless networks. Additionally, throughput is considered a non-convex and NP-hard problem, and heuristic approaches are effective in these scenarios. This paper presents two novel heuristic approaches for throughput optimization for D2D users with quality of service (QoS)-aware wireless communication for mobile users (MU): the modified whale colony optimization algorithm (MWOA) and modified non-domination sorted genetic algorithm (MNSGA). The performance of the proposed algorithms is analyzed to show that the proposed mode selection technique efficiently fulfills the QoS requirements. Simulation results show the performance of the proposed heuristic algorithms compared to other understudied approaches.
Extended analysis of rectangular microstrip resonator antennas

An extended theory on rectangular microstrip resonator antennas is presented using the cavity model. Radiation from all four edges of the open cavity is taken into account as well as dielectric and ohmic losses. For a rectangular microstrip antenna excited in its lowest resonance mode, losses, input conductance, and bandwidth are calculated and plotted versus frequency for some different parameters, showing that bandwidths of up to 15 percent (for a voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR) of less than two) are possible to achieve in the X band.
Estimation of the Critical Slip-Weakening Distance: Theoretical Background

It has been shown that a trade-off exists between estimates of the break- down strength drop and the critical slip-weakening distance (e.g., Guatteri and Spu- dich, 2000). For this reason, only the fracture energy, proportional to these two parameters, may be estimated from waveform modeling. However, Mikumo et al. (2003) proposed a new technique to estimate the slip-weakening distance of earth- quakes, separate from the fracture energy. For this method to be valid, the peak slip- velocity time must be close to the stress breakdown time. Here we explain the theo- retical background of this assumption and clarify the limitations of this technique using numerical simulations based on the boundary integral equation method. The theoretical analysis using the boundary integral equation and some numerical tests indicates that a rather smooth rupture process and relatively sharp change in stress at the stress breakdown time in the slip-weakening curve ensure the validity of the method.
Maximal Quasiprojective Subsets and the Kleiman-Chevalley Quasiprojectivity Criterion

We prove that any complete Q-factorial variety con- tains only finitely many maximal open quasiprojective subsets. Let X be a normal variety defined over an algebraically closed field of any characteristic. By Div(X), respectively Car(X) denote the group of Weil (resp. Cartier) divisors on X. We prove the following theorem Theorem A. Let X be a complete normal variety such that (Div(X)/Car(X)) ⊗ Q is finite dimensional (in particular X can be Q- factorial or rational). Then X contains only finitely many maximal (in the
Canonical foliations of almost f-cosymplectic structures

The present paper mainly treats with almost f-cosymplectic manifolds. This notion contains almost cosymplectic and almost Kenmotsu manifolds. Almost cosymplectic manifolds introduced in ［1］ have been studied by many schalors, say ［2］, ［3］, ［4］, and almost Kenmotsu manifolds introduced in ［5］ have been studied in ［6］, ［7］. The present paper studies some geometrical and topological properties of the canonical foliation defined by the contact distribution of an almost f-cosymplectic manifold. The purpose of the present paper is to extend the results obtained in ［8］, ［9］.
Semiparametric discriminant analysis for mixture populations

Mahalanobis distance and Fisher's linear discriminant analysis are fundamentally related to each other, and both the ideas have been extensively used in the classification literature. Fisher's linear and quadratic discriminant functions are known to possess Bayes risk optimality when the class distributions are Gaussian. However, they may have poor performance when the assumption of Gaussianity is violated, and the class boundaries for different populations have complex geometric shapes. In such situations, many standard nonparametric classifiers also have high misclassification rates when the data dimension is large due to the curse of dimensionality that affects such nonparametric methods. In this article, we derive an expression for the Bayes classifier when the class distributions are finite mixtures of elliptic distributions. The Bayes classifier turns out to be a function of the Mahalanobis distances of a data point from different sub‐populations within a mixture population. We use this to develop and investigate a semi‐parametric classification procedure, which is named as SPARC (SemiPARametric Classification), and we demonstrate its performance on simulated and real benchmark data sets. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The efficiency of pulsed-jet propulsion

Nature is often an inspiration for scientists and especially so in fluid dynamics. We observe and admire the beauty of birds and fish as they move through the air and water, and wonder how these forms of locomotion evolved and whether they are optimised for efficiency. A common feature of this locomotion is that the thrust is generated by the flapping of a wing or fin, creating an unsteady flow. Other less readily observed animals such as salps or squid eject a pulsed jet, raising the question of whether there is an advantage of this unsteady forcing over a steady jet. This is the question addressed by Ruiz, Whittlesey & Dabiri (J. Fluid Mech., this issue, vol. 668, 2011, pp. 5–32) who have carried out detailed flow and power-consumption measurements with a self-propelled vehicle in water. The vehicle has a novel propulsion mechanism that allows a comparison of the efficiency of a pulsed and steady jet to be compared. They show that significant increases in efficiency are possible with the pulsed jet, even allowing for the additional power needed to create the pulsed flow. They also show that vortex rings are produced by the unsteady jet and that the additional entrainment of ambient fluid into the ring and the higher pressure at the front of the ring are the cause of this increased efficiency.
Effects of a Microbial Restoration Substrate on Plant Growth and Rhizosphere Microbial Community in a Continuous Cropping Poplar

In poplar cultivation, continuous cropping obstacles affect wood yield and soil-borne diseases, primarily due to structural changes in microbes and fungus infection. The bacterium Bacillus cereus BJS-1-3 has strong antagonistic properties against pathogens that were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of poplars. Poplar rhizospheres were investigated for the effects of Bacillus cereus BJS-1-3 on microbial communities. Three successive generations of soil were used to replant poplar seedlings. BJS-1-3 inoculated poplars were larger, had higher plant height and breast height diameter, and had a greater number of total and culturable bacteria than non-inoculated controls. B. cereus BJS-1-3 inoculated poplar rhizospheres were sequenced, utilizing the Illumina MiSeq platform to analyze changes in diversity and structure. The fungi abundance and diversity in the BJS-1-3 rhizosphere were significantly lower than in the control rhizosphere. In comparison to the control group, Bacillus sp. constituted 2.87% and 2.38% of the total bacterial community, while Rhizoctonia sp. constituted 2.06% and 6.00% of the total fungal community. Among the potential benefits of B. cereus BJS-1-3 in poplar cultivation is that it enhances rhizosphere microbial community structure and facilitates the growth of trees.
Effect of Variable and Subject Sampling on Recovery of Weak Factors In CFA

Abstract. Two general issues central to the design of a study are subject sampling and variable sampling. Previous research has examined their effects on factor pattern recovery in the context of exploratory factor analysis. The present paper focuses on recovery of weak factors and reports two simulation studies in the context of confirmatory factor analysis. Conditions investigated include the estimation method (ML vs. ULS), sample size (100, 300, and 500), number of variables per factor (3, 4, or 5), loading size in the weak factor (.25 or .35), and factor correlation (null vs. moderate). Results show that both subject and variable sample size affect the recovery of weak factors, particularly if factors are not correlated. A small but consistent pattern of differences between methods occurs, which favors the use of ULS. Additionally, the frequency of nonconvergent and improper solutions is also affected by the same variables.
A four-layer model for the heat budget of homogeneous land surfaces

The model is an explicit solution of the equations which define the conservation of heat and water vapour in the system consisting of uniform vegetation and soil. The vegetation has two layers, the first extending from a reference height in the atmosphere to the virtual sink for momentum and the second from the virtual sink to the soil surface. Soil between the surface and the damping depth is divided into an upper, completely dry layer and a lower wet layer. Throughout the system, differences of potential per unit flux are specified by resistances, notably the conventional surface resistance governing the loss of vapour from foliage and a new soil resistance, assumed proportional to the accumulated loss of water by evaporation from the soil surface, which is proportional to the square root of elapsed time. Since the total energy available to the system is limited by absorption of radiation, the increase of transpiration from foliage as it expands decreases evaporation from the soil. Conversely, as soil dries, transpiration rate per unit of foliage area increases. This interaction of vapour fluxes is governed by the behaviour of the saturation vapour pressure deficit within the vegetation, identified as a major variable. General implications of the model are consistent with observations and estimates of evaporation rate from a stand of wheat grown in Arizona agree well with measurements from lysimeters. The model is applicable to a wide range of problems in agricultural meteorology and hydrology. With simplification, it could be used to obtain surface exchanges of sensible and latent heat in atmospheric general circulation models.
Room temperature operation of 1.5 /spl mu/m InAsP/InP strained quantum wire DFB lasers fabricated by mass transport method

A mass transport method has been developed as a high quality quantum wire (QWR) array formation technique in InP systems. It was demonstrated that strained InAsP QWRs with the lateral width less than 20 nm could be formed at the sharp bottom edge of InP v-grooves without any parasitic structures. Their emission peak wavelength and size were controllable by temperature and group v ambient pressure ratio. A distributed feedback (DFB) laser was fabricated by utilizing the mass-transported strained InAsP QWR array on GaInAsP v-grooved substrates as an active grating. Lasing at 1.53 /spl mu/m at 20/spl deg/C by pulsed current injection was accomplished. Record low threshold current density of 0.112 kA/cm/sup 2/ was obtained in a broad area laser with a 100 /spl mu/m-wide and 750 /spl mu/m-long cavity.
CONSISTENT MODEL SPECIFICATION TESTS

We point out the close relationship between the integrated conditional moment tests in Bierens (1982, Journal of Econometrics 20, 105–134) and Bierens and Ploberger (1997, Econometrica 65, 1129–1152) with the complex-valued exponential weight function and the kernel-based tests in Härdle and Mammen (1993, Annals of Statistics 21, 1926–1947), Li and Wang (1998, Journal of Econometrics 87, 145–165), and Zheng (1996, Journal of Econometrics 75, 263–289). It is well established that the integrated conditional moment tests of Bierens (1982) and Bierens and Ploberger (1997) are more powerful than kernel-based nonparametric tests against Pitman local alternatives. In this paper we analyze the power properties of the kernel-based tests and the integrated conditional moment tests for a sequence of “singular” local alternatives, and show that the kernel-based tests can be more powerful than the integrated conditional moment tests for these “singular” local alternatives. These results suggest that integrated conditional moment tests and kernel-based tests should be viewed as complements to each other. Results from a simulation study are in agreement with the theoretical results.
Superconductivity and Magnetism in Non-centrosymmetric System: Application to CePt3Si

Superconductivity and magnetism in the non-centrosymmetric heavy fermion compound CePt3Si and related materials are theoretically investigated. On the basis of the random phase approximation (RPA) analysis of the extended Hubbard model, we describe the helical spin fluctuation induced by the Rashba-type anti-symmetric spin-orbit coupling and identify two stable superconducting phases with either the dominant p-wave (s+P -wave) symmetry or the d-wave (p+D+f -wave) symmetry. The effect of the coexistent antiferromagnetic order is investigated in both states. The superconducting order parameter, quasiparticle density of state, NMR 1/T1T , specific heat, anisotropy of Hc2, and possible multiple phase transitions are discussed in detail. A comparison with experimental results indicates that the s+P -wave superconducting state is likely realized in CePt3Si.