Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hemidesmosome formation in vitro

Intact, viable sheets of adult rabbit corneal epithelium, 9 mm in diameter, were prepared by the Dispase II method (Gipson, I. K., and S. M. Grill, 1982, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 23:269-273). The sheets, freed of the basal lamina, retained their desmosomes and stratified epithelial characteristics, but lacked hemidesmosomes (HD). Epithelial sheets were placed on fresh segments of corneal stroma with denuded basal laminae and incubated in serum-free media for 1, 3, 6, 18, or 24 h. Tissue was processed for electron microscopy, and the number of HD/micron membrane, the number of HDs with anchoring fibrils directly across the lamina densa from them, and the number of anchoring fibrils not associated with HDs were counted. After 6 h in culture, the number of newly formed HD was 82% of controls (normal rabbit corneas), and by 24 h the number had reached 95% of controls. At all time periods studied, 80-86% of HDs had anchoring fibrils directly across the lamina densa from them. Anchoring fibrils not associated with HDs decreased with culture time. These data indicate that the sites where anchoring fibrils insert into the lamina densa may be nucleation sites for new HD formation. Corneal epithelial sheets placed on two other ocular basal laminae, Descemet's membrane and lens capsule, had not formed HDs after 24 h in culture. These two laminae do not have anchoring fibrils associated with them. Rabbit epithelial sheets placed on the denuded epithelial basal lamina of rat and human corneas formed new HDs. Thus, at least in these mammalian species, HD formation may involve some of the same molecular components.
identify criteria A different look at why selection procedures work: The role of candidates' ability to

Personnel selection procedures such as assessment centers, structured interviews, and personality inventories are useful predictors of candidates’ job performance. In addition to existing explanations for their criterion-related validity, we suggest that candidates’ ability to identify the criteria used to evaluate their performance during a selection procedure contributes to the criterionrelated validity of these procedures. Conceptually, the ability to identify criteria can be framed in the broader literature on peoples’ ability to read situational cues. We draw on both theory and empirical research to outline the potential this ability has to account for selection results and job performance outcomes. Finally, implications for future research are presented.
Identitas Sosial Orang Minangkabau yang Keluar dari Islam

The Minangkabau custom did not allow Minangkabaunese for converting Islam into another religion. Minangkabau custom will apply particular sanction for them who disobey the dictum. This research aimed to know how the dynamic of social identity construction of disserted Minangkabau peoples was, what the motive behind the decision in leaving Islam was, and what cultural impacts were. This research employed in‐depth interview for collecting data, involving five (5) respondents. This research used phenomenology method in capturing and understanding the natural meaning in respondents living. The validity of data was achieved through intersubjective validity. The result of this research showed that disserted Minangkabaunese have experienced the discriminative actions from their community such as being isolated by their community thus they experienced the crises of identity. Their right of family treasure was also canceled by their family. These circumstance has become a trigger for constructing “the another Minangkabau identity” which was not solely decided by status as a Moslem. Eventhough their family and community have rejected them as a part of Minangkabau community, they remain assumed theirself as the Minangkabau people because they inherit Minangkabau blood.
Child Abuse Trauma: Theory and Treatment of the Lasting Effects

Foreword - Lucy Berliner Preface - David Finkelhor Introduction PART ONE: INCIDENCE OF CHILD ABUSE Type and Forms of Child Maltreatment PART TWO: THE LONG-TERM IMPACTS OF CHILD ABUSE: INTEGRATION OF RESEARCH AND THEORY Long-Term Impacts of Child Abuse I Psychological Responses Long-Term Impacts of Child Abuse II Behaviors and Relationships PART THREE: EXPLORING THE SOLUTION: ABUSE-FOCUSED PSYCHOTHERAPY Philosophy of Treatment Parameters of Treatment I Process Issues Parameters of Treatment II Intervention Approaches Special Issues in Abuse-Focused Therapy Summary Appendix The Child Maltreatment Interview Schedule
Throwing, Pitching and Catching Sound: Audio Windowing Models and Modes

Abstract After surveying the concepts of audio windowing, this paper elaborates taxonomies of three sets of its dimensions—spatial audio ("throwing sound"), timbre ("pitching sound"), and gain ("catching sound")—establishing matrices of variability for each, drawing similes, and citing applications. Two audio windowing systems are examined across these three operations: repositioning, distortion/blending, and gain control (i.e. state transitions in virtual space, timbre space, and volume space). Handy Sound is a purely auditory system with gestural control, while MAW exploits exocentric graphical control. These two systems motivated the development of special user interface features. (Sonic) piggyback-channels are introduced as filtear manifestations of changing cursors, used to track control state. A variable control/response ratio can be used to map a near-field work envelope into perceptual space. Clusters can be used to hierarchically collapse groups of spatial sound objects. WIMP idioms are reinterpreted for audio windowing functions. Reflexive operations are cast an instance of general manipulation when all the modified entities, including an iconification of the user, are projected into an egalitarian control/response system. Other taxonomies include a spectrum of directness of manipulation, and sensitivity to current position crossed with dependency on some target position.
Hands-On Experiences in Deploying Cost-Effective Ambient-Assisted Living Systems

Older adults’ preferences to remain independent in their own homes along with the high costs of nursing home care have motivated the development of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) technologies which aim at improving the safety, health conditions and wellness of the elderly. This paper reports hands-on experiences in designing, implementing and operating UbiCare, an AAL based prototype system for elderly home care monitoring. The monitoring is based on the recording of environmental parameters like temperature and light intensity as well as micro-level incidents which allows one to infer daily activities like moving, sitting, sleeping, usage of electrical appliances and plumbing components. The prototype is built upon inexpensive, off-the-shelf hardware (e.g., various sensors, Arduino microcontrollers, ZigBee-compatible wireless communication modules) and license-free software, thereby ensuring low system deployment costs. The network comprises nodes placed in a house’s main rooms or mounted on furniture, one wearable node, one actuator node and a centralized processing element (coordinator). Upon detecting significant deviations from the ordinary activity patterns of individuals and/or sudden falls, the system issues automated alarms which may be forwarded to authorized caregivers via a variety of communication channels. Furthermore, measured environmental parameters and activity incidents may be monitored through standard web interfaces.
Integrating knowledge centered MAS through organizational links

We present a model in which concepts in ontologies are extended with organizational information to explicitly express the situation in which they were learned and used. It is discussed how autonomous agents are allowed to reason about concept usage and privacy in terms of organizational constructs, paving the way to reason about social roles in open Web communities. A peer-to-peer application following the model is described. We depart from a specific organization model, MOISE/sup +/, briefly presented here.
Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is manifested as increased urinary protein level, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and final renal dysfunction. DN is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide and causes a huge societal healthcare burden. Since satisfied treatments are still limited, exploring new strategies for the treatment of this disease is urgently needed. Oxidative stress takes part in the initiation and development of DN. In addition, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a key role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Thus, activation of Nrf2 seems to be a new choice for the treatment of DN. In current review, we discussed and summarized the therapeutic effects of Nrf2 activation on DN from both basic and clinical studies.
2017-00206-Deep learning for next generation communication systems

Inria, the French National Institute for computer science and applied mathematics, promotes “scientific excellence for technology transfer and society”. Graduates from the world’s top universities, Inria's 2,700 employees rise to the challenges of digital sciences. With its open, agile model, Inria is able to explore original approaches with its partners in industry and academia and provide an efficient response to the multidisciplinary and application challenges of the digital transformation. Inria is the source of many innovations that add value and create jobs.
The SAMMIE Multimodal Dialogue Corpus Meets the Nite XML Toolkit

We demonstrate work in progress using the Nite XML Toolkit on a corpus of multimodal dialogues with an MP3 player collected in a Wizard-of-Oz (WOZ) experiments and annotated with a rich feature set at several layers. We designed an NXT data model, converted experiment log file data and manual transcriptions into NXT, and are building annotation tools using NXT libraries.
Is sound gradual typing dead?

Programmers have come to embrace dynamically-typed languages for prototyping and delivering large and complex systems. When it comes to maintaining and evolving these systems, the lack of explicit static typing becomes a bottleneck. In response, researchers have explored the idea of gradually-typed programming languages which allow the incremental addition of type annotations to software written in one of these untyped languages. Some of these new, hybrid languages insert run-time checks at the boundary between typed and untyped code to establish type soundness for the overall system. With sound gradual typing, programmers can rely on the language implementation to provide meaningful error messages when type invariants are violated. While most research on sound gradual typing remains theoretical, the few emerging implementations suffer from performance overheads due to these checks. None of the publications on this topic comes with a comprehensive performance evaluation. Worse, a few report disastrous numbers. In response, this paper proposes a method for evaluating the performance of gradually-typed programming languages. The method hinges on exploring the space of partial conversions from untyped to typed. For each benchmark, the performance of the different versions is reported in a synthetic metric that associates runtime overhead to conversion effort. The paper reports on the results of applying the method to Typed Racket, a mature implementation of sound gradual typing, using a suite of real-world programs of various sizes and complexities. Based on these results the paper concludes that, given the current state of implementation technologies, sound gradual typing faces significant challenges. Conversely, it raises the question of how implementations could reduce the overheads associated with soundness and how tools could be used to steer programmers clear from pathological cases.
The Struggle over the Soul of Economics: Institutionalist and Neoclassical Economists in America Between the Wars

Acknowledgments Introduction: A Sociological Interpretation of the Modern History of Economics 2 The Neoclassical Era (1870-1914) from a Different Angle 3 Reconstructing the History of Institutionalism 4 The Struggle over the Meaning of Science 5 Bringing People and Institutions Back In: The Struggle over the Scope of Economics 6 The Free Market on Trial: The Struggle over the Gap between Reality and Theory 7 The Struggle over Social Relevance and the Place of Values 8 Evolution or Revolution? The Struggle over the History of the Discipline 9 Epilogue: The Fall of Institutionalism and the Rise of Modern Economics 10 Conclusions: The Evolution of Economic Analysis Notes Bibliography Index
Heartbreak and Physical Pain Linked in Brain

How similar are emotional and physical pain? In the US and in cultures around the world, we use the same words—hurt and pain—to describe both emotional and physical experiences. In a study published recently in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the investigators (Kross et al., 2011) demonstrated that emotional pain and physical pain both light up the same region of the brain under neuroimaging. Their findings revealed that emotional pain (in this case, social rejection) and physical pain (noxious thermal stimulation) are similar, not only in that they are both distressing, but also in that they share a common representation in somatosensory brain systems. They tested 40 participants who felt intensely rejected as a result of recently experiencing an unwanted break-up of a romantic relationship. These individuals performed two counterbalanced tasks for emotional pain and two for physical pain during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The social rejection task compared the fMRIs of participants while they viewed a headshot of their ex-partner and thought about their specific rejection experience with their fMRIs while viewing a headshot of a friend of the same sex as their ex-partner. The physical pain task also compared two components. A “hot trial,” in which participants experienced noxious thermal stimulation on their left forearm with a “warm trial,” in which they received non-noxious thermal stimulation in the same area. The investigators found, using fMRI, that the experience of social rejection recruited brain areas involved with the sensory components of physical pain (secondary somatosensory cortex; dorsal posterior insula), demonstrating the overlap of emotional and physical pain in the brain. In addition to the fMRI, participants were asked to rate how they felt after each task on a 5-point scale. Participants reported
Evaluation of Three Commercial Serological Tests with Different Methodologies To Assess Helicobacter pyloriInfection

ABSTRACT The sera of 142 Helicobacter pylori-positive and 32H. pylori-negative patients were assessed by a desktop test (QuickVue), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (HM-CAP), and a solid-phase, two-step chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (Immulite). These tests yielded sensitivities of 97, 97, and 91% and specificities of 97, 94, and 100%, respectively. In conclusion, the desktop test and the ELISA are more sensitive than the chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (P < 0.05). The chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay has the advantage that it is fully automated.
Multiuser spatio-temporal Tomlinson-Harashima precoding for frequency selective vector channels

We derive and compare different approaches to Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) in frequency-selective multiuser scenarios with a centralized multiantenna transmitter and single-antenna receivers. Starting with spatio-temporal THP, we discuss how to simplify this relatively complex approach to systems that perform either spatial THP or temporal THP only. For each approach, we give a MMSE design rule for computing the feedforward and the feedback filters as well as the optimum latency time and the optimum order in which to encode the multiple data streams. Since the zero-forcing variants are special cases of the MMSE THP types, we only explain how zero-forcing THP can be obtain from MMSE THP. We compare the three THP approaches in terms of complexity and, using simulations, in terms of BER performance. While both simplifications to spatio-temporal THP can significantly reduce complexity, simulation results show that in frequency-selective scenarios, the temporal THP component is of particular importance with respect to BER performance
2 Peturbation Theory and Feynman Diagrams 2 . 1 Perturbation Theory

From this the equations of motion can be derived. Another important topic in QFT are the so called global symmetry transformations. These are transformations, which do not depend on the space-time-coordinates (if a transformation is not independent of the space-time-coordinate it is called a local symmetry transformation, see 1.2) and do not change the Lagrangian . It can be shown (Noether’s Theorem) that to each generator of a global symmetry group there belongs a conserved Noether current which is equivalent to a local formulation of a conservation law. Integrating the currents over a space-like hyper surface (especially over the space coordiantes of an arbitrary reference frame) gives a conserved Noether charge. Now let us have a look at the free KleinGordon equation (2+m2)φ = 0, which is the first candidate for a relativistic formulation of Quantum Theory for free particles. The Lagrangian therefore reads:
Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasound Transducer (PMUT) Arrays for Integrated Sensing, Actuation and Imaging

Many applications of ultrasound for sensing, actuation and imaging require miniaturized and low power transducers and transducer arrays integrated with electronic systems. Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers (PMUTs), diaphragm-like thin film flexural transducers typically formed on silicon substrates, are a potential solution for integrated transducer arrays. This paper presents an overview of the current development status of PMUTs and a discussion of their suitability for miniaturized and integrated devices. The thin film piezoelectric materials required to functionalize these devices are discussed, followed by the microfabrication techniques used to create PMUT elements and the constraints the fabrication imposes on device design. Approaches for electrical interconnection and integration with on-chip electronics are discussed. Electrical and acoustic measurements from fabricated PMUT arrays with up to 320 diaphragm elements are presented. The PMUTs are shown to be broadband devices with an operating frequency which is tunable by tailoring the lateral dimensions of the flexural membrane or the thicknesses of the constituent layers. Finally, the outlook for future development of PMUT technology and the potential applications made feasible by integrated PMUT devices are discussed.
Pretransplant renal function predicts survival in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of pretransplant renal function on graft and patient survival rates after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) using the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database for adults who underwent OLT between 1988 and 1996. Based on calculated creatinine clearance (CCr) at the time of OLT, patients were classified arbitrarily into those with normal renal function (>70 mL/min) and mild (40‐69.9 mL/min), moderate (20‐39.9 mL/min), and severe (<20 mL/min) renal insufficiency. Of the 20,281 patients who underwent transplantation, complete data were available for 19,261 patients. Of these, 12,778 (67%) had normal CCr (mean, 118 ± 50 mL/min) and 4,419 (22%) had mild (56 ± 8.5 mL/min), 1,560 (8%) had moderate (30 ± 5.7 mL/min), and 504 (3%) had severe (14 ± 3.6 mL/min) renal failure. UNOS status 1 was more common in patients with moderate and severe renal failure. Primary graft nonfunction and 30‐day mortality rates were higher and 1‐, 2‐, and 5‐year graft and patient survival rates were lower in patients with moderate or severe renal failure. Multiple regression analysis showed that renal failure was an independent predictor of 30‐day and 2‐year mortality after adjusting for the recipient's age, sex, etiology of liver disease, diabetes status, body mass index, cold ischemic time, and UNOS status. CCr less than 40 mL/min was associated with significantly lower short‐term and long‐term graft and patient survival rates. In conclusion, our findings suggest that when Mayo End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score is used to prioritize organ allocation, lower‐than‐expected graft and patient survival rates may be seen.
Theories of Interjurisdictional Competition

Associate Professor of Economics, Simmons College. The author would like to thank Caroline Hoxby, Andy Reschovsky, and Bob Tannenwald for their helpful comments on earlier versions , and she is grateful to Lora Slo-mich for her able research assistance on this paper. Theories of Interjurisdictional Competition. one of the great strengths of federalism is the opportunity it presents for the development of intergovernmental competition. The national government itself should undertake to strengthen competition among the states. It can do so in prosaic yet effective fashion by acting to improve information and mobility (Dye 1990, pp. 177, 193). Competition among states for specific businesses is commonplace and growing more costly. Congress should stop the use of preferential taxes and subsidies by state and local governments to compete with one another to attract and retain businesses (Burstein and Rolnick 1996, pp. 36, 35). T hese two recent statements by scholars of interjurisdictional competition should give us all pause. One talks of the strengths of competition among states and local governments; the other speaks of the costs. The first proposes that the federal government strengthen interjurisdictional competition; the other argues that the federal government should stop efforts " by state and local governments to compete with one another to attract and retain businesses. " One might ask which statement is right and which is wrong. One might also ask whether each statement has some elements of truth, depending upon the particular context. This paper attempts to provide the reader with a basic understanding of interjurisdictional competition. First, the term is defined and various forms of interjurisdictional competition are distinguished. I then discuss necessary preconditions for interjurisdictional competition. Other questions raised include the following: How does one determine a state or local government's competitors? How can one measure the competitiveness of a state or local government? The bulk of the paper reviews various theories of interjurisdictional competition, focusing on economic theories. When describing the theories, I ask the following questions: 1) What are the author's major assumptions? 2) What type of interjurisdictional competition does the model or