Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Treatment with Cyproterone Acetate on Uterine Bleeding at the Beginning of GnRH Analogue Therapy in Girls with Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty

Background: The flare-up effect of GnRH analogues may cause transient uterine bleeding in girls affected with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP). Aims: To assess the incidence of endometrial bleeding and verify whether pretreatment with cyproterone acetate could counteract it. Methods: Fifty-four girls affected by ICPP were divided into 2 groups. The first group (30 girls) was treated with triptorelin (3.75 mg, i.m. injection) every 28 days. The second group (24 girls) was treated with cyproterone acetate and triptorelin: cyproterone acetate (50 mg/m2) was administered every day for 8 weeks, and triptorelin (3.75 mg) was commenced 4 weeks after starting the cyproterone, then the intramuscular injection of triptorelin was repeated every 28 days. Results: Eight of 54 girls (15%) had mild withdrawal bleeding. There were no differences in incidence between groups 1 and 2. Girls with pubertal uterus at pelvic ultrasound had a higher incidence of uterine bleeding than girls with infantile uterus (25 vs. 7%), but this difference was not significant. Conclusion: Co-administration of cyproterone acetate and GnRH analogues does not significantly decrease the incidence of uterine bleeding.
Object and event recognition for stroke rehabilitation

Stroke is a major cause of disability and health care expenditure around the world. Existing stroke rehabilitation methods can be effective but are costly and need to be improved. Even modest improvements in the effectiveness of rehabilitation techniques could produce large benefits in terms of quality of life. The work reported here is part of an ongoing effort to integrate virtual reality and machine vision technologies to produce innovative stroke rehabilitation methods. We describe a combined object recognition and event detection system that provides real time feedback to stroke patients performing everyday kitchen tasks necessary for independent living, e.g. making a cup of coffee. The image plane position of each object, including the patient’s hand, is monitored using histogram-based recognition methods. The relative positions of hand and objects are then reported to a task monitor that compares the patient’s actions against a model of the target task. A prototype system has been constructed and is currently undergoing technical and clinical evaluation.
Revised Version Combining Systems and databases : A Search Engine

Search engines (SEs) are arguably the largest data management systems in the world; although there are larger databases in total storage there is nothing close in query volume. A modern search engine handles billions of documents, terabytes of data, and handles upwards of 150 million queries per day. Search engines are constantly being modified to handle more data and give better results. Search is also becoming important in intranets and on local computers. So a paper that describes how to design a search engine using principles of database systems is very useful.
System Wide Dynamic Power Management for Weakly Hard Real-Time Systems

Energy reduction is critical to increase the mobility and ba ttery life for today’s pervasive computing systems. At the s ame time, energy reduction must be subject to the real-time cons trai ts and quality of service (QoS) requirements for appli cations running on these systems. This paper presents a novel run-ti me approach to reduce the system-wideenergy consumption for such systems using dynamic power management. In this paper, the applications are modeled using a popular weakly hard real-time model, i.e., the (m,k)-model, which requires that at least m out of any k consecutiv e instances of a task meet their deadlines. Our experimental results show that, by judiciou sly scheduling the real-time tasks and shutting down the pro cessor and/or peripheral devices, our approach can lead to signific ant energy savings while guaranteeing the (m,k)−firm deadlines at the same time.
Socio-anthropological determinants and home management in childhood diarrhoea in a squatter settlement of Karachi, Pakistan.

A cross-sectional knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) survey was done using a structured questionnaire to determine maternal perceptions beliefs and treatment of diarrhea in children under age 5. 214 respondents were selected by random sampling in an urban squatter settlement of Karachi where the Aga Khan University has developed a primary health care program. Respondents who had a total of 440 children were interviewed during June and July 1989. Point prevalence of diarrhea was 8% in these children while diarrhea in the 2 weeks before the interview was reported in 13%. In the case of diarrhea on the day of the interview and in the previous 2 weeks mothers reported teething as the leading cause (31% and 27% of cases respectively) followed by eating hot indigestible foods. Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) was used in 44 of the 95 diarrheal cases reported. Water intake was increased in 63% while home fluids were used in only 14 cases. Most of the 214 respondents had heard of ORS and 82% had used sugar-salt solution (SSS). During the last episode of diarrhea 71% reported having used ORT; 69% of these correctly recounted the proportions for mixing ORS and/or SSS. Breastfeeding was not stopped; bottle milk dilution was increased in only three cases. Usual diet remained unchanged in 17% while solids were stopped in 13%. Khitchri (soft cooked rice with moong beans) or foods seen as soft or digestible were given in 77% of the episodes. Hot and/or indigestible foods were perceived to aggravate diarrhea by 75% of the 214 respondents. In 35% of the 95 cases no drugs were used but antidiarrheals antibiotics and other drugs were used in 65%. Out of the 95 cases 54 were attributed to non-medical causes but 50 of these were treated with allopathic medicines. The wide use of drugs underscored the need to educate mothers regarding the nutritional consequences morbidity and mortality associated with diarrhea.
Motion-based MESH clustering for MCDWT compression of 3D animated meshes

We present an efficient compression algorithm for sequences of triangular meshes with fixed connectivity. Our two main contributions in this paper are : a clustering technique which regroups the vertices following the same affine motion; a geometry compensation technique based on the estimation of 3D motion parameters which are modeled by affine transform matrices. Then, a scan-based temporal discrete wavelet transform is applied on the compensated sequence, and the resulting wavelet coefficients are finally encoded by an efficient coding scheme which includes a bit allocation process. Simulation results show that our compression method provides good compression performances compared to some state of the art coders.
Accurate statistical model of comparison between multiple sequence alignments

Comparison of multiple protein sequence alignments (MSA) reveals unexpected evolutionary relations between protein families and leads to exciting predictions of spatial structure and function. The power of MSA comparison critically depends on the quality of statistical model used to rank the similarities found in a database search, so that biologically relevant relationships are discriminated from spurious connections. Here, we develop an accurate statistical description of MSA comparison that does not originate from conventional models of single sequence comparison and captures essential features of protein families. As a final result, we compute E-values for the similarity between any two MSA using a mathematical function that depends on MSA lengths and sequence diversity. To develop these estimates of statistical significance, we first establish a procedure for generating realistic alignment decoys that reproduce natural patterns of sequence conservation dictated by protein secondary structure. Second, since similarity scores between these alignments do not follow the classic Gumbel extreme value distribution, we propose a novel distribution that yields statistically perfect agreement with the data. Third, we apply this random model to database searches and show that it surpasses conventional models in the accuracy of detecting remote protein similarities.
Clinical Information Extraction via Convolutional Neural Network

We report an implementation of a clinical information extraction tool that leverages deep neural network to annotate event spans and their attributes from raw clinical notes and pathology reports. Our approach uses context words and their part-of-speech tags and shape information as features. Then we hire temporal (1D) convolutional neural network to learn hidden feature representations. Finally, we use Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) to predict event spans. The empirical evaluation demonstrates that our approach significantly outperforms baselines.
Cultural Validity in Assessment Instruments for Children with Autism from a Chinese Cultural Perspective.

Autism is a chronic developmental disorder characterized by impairments in the areas of social interaction, communication, and repetitive behavior. Early detection followed by early intervention is likely to provide the best chance of long-term beneficial outcome for those children with autism. As demonstrated from research findings, it is important to use developmentally appropriate assessment tools for early detection, diagnosis, and evidence-based interventions. In a diversified society as the United States, it is extremely important to provide cultural competent services to children with autism and their families from diverse cultural backgrounds. The purpose of this paper is to examine from a Chinese cultural perspective the qualities of cultural validity in four assessment instruments designed for young children with autism. emotional response; body use; object use; to change; visual response; listening response; taste, smell, touch and fear or nervousness; verbal communication; nonverbal communication; activity level; level and consistency of intellectual response; and general impressions. The child is rated on these behaviors during the observation period of the by a Likert scale ranging from 1.0 to 4.0, with intermediate values between the units
THREE SELECTIONS ARE BETTER THAN ONE: CLINAL VARIATION OF THERMAL QTL FROM INDEPENDENT SELECTION EXPERIMENTS IN DROSOPHILA

We report the results of two independent selection experiments that have exposed distinct populations of Drosophila melanogaster to different forms of thermal selection. A recombinant population derived from Arvin California and Zimbabwe isofemale lines was exposed to laboratory natural selection at two temperatures (TAZ: 18°C and 28°C). Microsatellite mapping identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) on the X‐chromosome between the replicate “Hot” and “Cold” populations. In a separate experiment, disruptive selection was imposed on an outbred California population for the “knockdown” temperature (TKD) in a thermal column. Microsatellite mapping of the “High” and “Low” populations also uncovered primarily X‐linked QTL. Notably, a marker in the shaggy locus at band 3A was significantly differentiated in both experiments. Finer scale mapping of the 3A region has narrowed the QTL to the shaggy gene region, which contains several candidate genes that function in circadian rhythms. The same allele that was increased in frequency in the High TKD populations is significantly clinal in North America and is more common at the warm end of the cline (Florida vs. Maine; however, the cline was not apparent in Australia). Together, these studies show that independent selection experiments can uncover the same target of selection and that evolution in the laboratory can recapitulate putatively adaptive clinal variation in nature.
Gait Analysis of Children Treated for Moderate Clubfoot With Physical Therapy Versus the Ponseti Cast Technique

Background Nonoperative methods for clubfoot treatment include the Ponseti technique and French functional method. The purpose of this study was to compare the gait of children presenting with moderate clubfeet who were treated successfully with these techniques. We hypothesized: (1) no difference in gait parameters of moderate clubfeet treated with either of these nonsurgical techniques and (2) gait parameters after treatment for less severe feet would more closely approximate normal gait. Methods Patients whose clubfeet were initially scored between 6 and <10 on the Dimeglio scale underwent gait analysis at the age of 2 years. Kinematic evaluation of the ankle was analyzed and kinematic data were classified as abnormal if more than 1 standard deviation from age-matched normal data. Spearman nonparametric correlation coefficients were used to analyze combined data of moderate to very severe clubfeet to determine any relationship between initial severity and gait outcomes. Results Gait analysis was performed on 33 patients with 40 moderate clubfeet [17 Ponseti, 23 French physical therapy (PT) feet]. Three Ponseti feet were excluded because they had undergone surgery. No statistically significant differences existed in ankle equinus, dorsiflexion, or push-off plantarflexion between the groups. Swing phase foot drop was present in 6 PT feet (26%) compared with zero Ponseti feet (P=0.026). Normal kinematic ankle motion was present more often in the Ponseti group (82%) than PT (48%) (P=0.027). Regardless of treatment, residual intoeing was seen in one-third of children with moderate clubfeet. The combined group of moderate and severe clubfeet showed no correlation between initial Dimeglio score and presence of normal ankle motion or normal gait at 2 years-of-age. Conclusions Normal ankle motion was documented more frequently in the Ponseti feet compared with the PT group. Recent implementation of early tendo-achilles release in PT feet may change these outcomes in the future. In conclusion, gait in children with moderate clubfeet is similar to those in patients with severe clubfeet, but the likelihood of surgery may be less. Level of Evidence Therapeutic level II.
First partial three‐dimensional model of human monoamine oxidase A

A survey of the major known structural aspects of monoamine oxidase (MAO) is given and a first partial model of human MAO A is presented. This 3D model has been established using secondary structure predictions and fold recognition methods. It shows two α/β domains (the FAD‐binding N‐terminal and central domains) and an α+β domain. The C‐terminal region is predicted to be responsible for anchoring the protein into the mitochondrial membrane and was not modeled. The covalent binding of the flavin cofactor to a cysteine residue is well predicted. The model is validated with experimental data from the literature and should be useful in designing new experimental studies (site‐directed mutagenesis, chemical modification, specific antibodies). This first step towards the 3D structure of monoamine oxidase should contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of action and inhibition of this drug target in the treatment of clinical depression. Proteins 32:97–110, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Benchmarking rWG Interrater Agreement Indices: Let's Drop the .70 Rule-Of-Thumb

An apparatus for controlling a PWM controlled inverter adapted to effect the waveform control of the inverter output voltage in accordance with the memory content of ROM in which instantaneous output voltage data are memorized. This control apparatus comprises a ROM in which the instantaneous output voltage outputs thereof in the PWM control are memorized, and in which the number of addresses within a predetermined electrical angle section is set to a fixed value irrespective of the number of switching times within the electrical angle section, an electrical angle counter in which duration corresponding to the duration time data read from the ROM is set, an address counter responding to the count-up of the electrical angle counter to advance the read address of the ROM, and a controller for controlling the output voltage of the inverter in accordance with an instantaneous output voltage corresponding to the instantaneous output voltage data read from the ROM.
Effects of TMS over Premotor and Superior Temporal Cortices on Biological Motion Perception

Using MRI-guided off-line TMS, we targeted two areas implicated in biological motion processing: ventral premotor cortex (PMC) and posterior STS (pSTS), plus a control site (vertex). Participants performed a detection task on noise-masked point-light displays of human animations and scrambled versions of the same stimuli. Perceptual thresholds were determined individually. Performance was measured before and after 20 sec of continuous theta burst stimulation of PMC, pSTS, and control (each tested on different days). A matched nonbiological object motion task (detecting point-light displays of translating polygons) served as a further control. Data were analyzed within the signal detection framework. Sensitivity (d′) significantly decreased after TMS of PMC. There was a marginally significant decline in d′ after TMS of pSTS but not of control site. Criterion (response bias) was also significantly affected by TMS over PMC. Specifically, subjects made significantly more false alarms post-TMS of PMC. These effects were specific to biological motion and not found for the nonbiological control task. To summarize, we report that TMS over PMC reduces sensitivity to biological motion perception. Furthermore, pSTS and PMC may have distinct roles in biological motion processing as behavioral performance differs following TMS in each area. Only TMS over PMC led to a significant increase in false alarms, which was not found for other brain areas or for the control task. TMS of PMC may have interfered with refining judgments about biological motion perception, possibly because access to the perceiver's own motor representations was compromised.
Keeping Good Teachers: Why It Matters, What Leaders Can Do.

The 1st grade classroom in which I found myself five years ago had some two dozen ancient and tattered books, an incomplete curriculum, and a collection of outdated content standards. But I later came to thrive in my profession because of the preparation I received in my credential program: the practice I received developing appropriate curriculum; exposure to a wide range of learning theories; training in working with nonEnglish-speaking students and children labeled “at risk. ” It is the big things, though, that continue to sustain me as a professional and give me the courage to remain and grow: my understanding of the importance of asking questions about my own practice, the collegial relationships, and my belief in my responsibility to my students and to the institution of public education. —A California teacher from a strong urban teacher education program W hat keeps some people in teaching while others give up? What can we do to increase the holding power of the teaching profession and to create a stable, expert teaching force in all kinds of districts? Some of the answers to these questions are predictable; others are surprising. The way schools hire and the way they use their resources can make a major difference. Keeping good teachers should be one of the most important agenda items for any school leader. Substantial research evidence suggests that well-prepared, capable teachers have the largest impact on student learning (see Darling-Hammond, 2000b; Wilson, Floden, & FerriniMundy, 2001). Effective teachers constitute a valuable human resource for schools—one that needs to be treasured and supported.
On Estimation Error Outage for Scalar Gauss–Markov Signals Sent Over Fading Channels

Measurements of a scalar linear Gauss-Markov process are sent over a fading channel. The fading channel is modeled as independent and identically distributed random variables with known realization at the receiver. The optimal estimator at the receiver is the Kalman filter. In contrast to the classical Kalman filter theory, given a random channel, the Kalman gain and the error covariance become random. Then, the probability distribution function of expected estimation error and its outage probability can be chosen for estimation quality assessment. In this paper and in order to get the estimation error outage, we provide means to characterize the stationary probability density function of the random expected estimation error. Furthermore and for the particular case of the i.i. d. Rayleigh fading channels, upper and lower bounds for the outage probability are derived that provide insight and simpler means for design purposes. We also show that the bounds are tight for the high SNR regime and that the outage probability decreases linearly with the inverse of the average channel SNR.
A density-based clustering algorithm and experiments on student dataset with noises using Rough set theory

ST-DBSCAN is an extension of the traditional density based clustering algorithm DBSCAN. This algorithm is proposed for clustering spatio-temporal datasets. Spatio-temporal data refers to data which is stored as temporal slices of the spatial dataset. Here the spatial part of data identifies the location in data space and the temporal part of data represents the state in time. ST-DBSCAN can cluster data based on their spatial and temporal attributes and assigns data points to different clusters. ST-DBSCAN finds the clusters as crisp set. Since the crisp sets have a well-defined boundary, it becomes very difficult to find the accurate clusters. Our proposed algorithm, Rough-ST-DBSCAN, clusters data points as Rough Sets. Rough Sets are formal approximations of Crisp Sets in terms of a pair of sets which give the lower and the upper approximation of the original set. The lower approximation will be represented by a cluster that will contain the data points that must belong to the cluster and the upper approximation will be represented by a cluster boundary that will contain the data points that may belong to the cluster. So this proposed Rough-ST-DBSCAN algorithm can cluster data points based on their spatial and temporal density and also can determine the type of belongingness to a specific cluster.