Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
When is a Robot really Social? An Outline of the Robot Sociologicus

The article explores the idea of understanding the “social” in the emerging field of Social Robotics from an explicitly sociological perspective, and more specifically from Sociological Theory of Action. It suggests to ground the basic architecture of the “social robot” on generalized expectations as a solution for the main problem of Social Robotics widely acknowledged in the field itself – the problem of finding an adequate way of reducing the complexity of social situations. Two preconditions for the question about the robot sociologicus to make sense at all are discussed: its relation to the tradition of AI-critique, and the question whether Social Robotics has, other than the heterogeneous field of Service Robotics, has developed to a distinguished field of research. Some evidence is presented that the problem of complexity of social situations is a central issue in the field itself, not at least methodologically. Drawing on this evidence, and applying a sociological model of the reasoning process of social actors, an architectural blueprint is developed that tries to catch central aspects of a “really social” robot from a sociological perspective while working with central issues from the discourse of Social Robotics itself. Finally, some possible uses of the robot sociologicus are sketched, both from a sociological perspective and as a possible contribution to the interdisciplinary fields of Social Robotics and human-computer interaction research.
John Dewey and the Cult of Efficiency

Numerous critics of modern American education hold John Dewey responsible for many of its faults. Is it possible that John Dewey encouraged the widely criticized "cult of efficiency? " Through an analysis of Dewey's educational and social philosophy, the author claims that Dewey in fact foresaw the harmful effects of excessive emphasis upon efficiency in American schools and American society.
Basic hand action classification based on surface EMG using autoregressive reflection coefficient

Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals play a major role in pattern recognition and prosthesis control. In this paper, an efficient scheme is proposed to classify basic hand movements from the sEMG signals based on autocorrelation domain feature extraction. At first a given frame of raw sEMG signal is divided into short duration sub-frames and each frame is subjected to autoregressive (AR) modeling. Instead of using the entire frame at a time, sub-frame based analysis is expected to provide consistent estimates and capture short duration variations. Although AR parameters are widely used as features, they do not have bounded values and matrix inversion is required to compute them. As an alternate we propose to use the AR reflection coefficients which are bounded between 0 to 1 and provide better consistency, noise immunity and lower computational complexity. The reflection coefficients obtained from each sub-frame are finally averaged to construct the proposed feature vector. For the purpose of classification, the K-nearest neighborhood (KNN) classifier is applied in a hierarchical approach. The proposed method is tested on a publicly available sEMG dataset containing six different hand movements collected from three females and two males. It is observed that the proposed method offers consistently a very high accuracy in classifying the six hand movements.
Mechanism and Catalytic Site Atlas (M-CSA): a database of enzyme reaction mechanisms and active sites

Abstract M-CSA (Mechanism and Catalytic Site Atlas) is a database of enzyme active sites and reaction mechanisms that can be accessed at www.ebi. ac.uk/thornton-srv/m-csa. Our objectives with M-CSA are to provide an open data resource for the community to browse known enzyme reaction mechanisms and catalytic sites, and to use the dataset to understand enzyme function and evolution. M-CSA results from the merging of two existing databases, MACiE (Mechanism, Annotation and Classification in Enzymes), a database of enzyme mechanisms, and CSA (Catalytic Site Atlas), a database of catalytic sites of enzymes. We are releasing M-CSA as a new website and underlying database architecture. At the moment, M-CSA contains 961 entries, 423 of these with detailed mechanism information, and 538 with information on the catalytic site residues only. In total, these cover 81% (195/241) of third level EC numbers with a PDB structure, and 30% (840/2793) of fourth level EC numbers with a PDB structure, out of 6028 in total. By searching for close homologues, we are able to extend M-CSA coverage of PDB and UniProtKB to 51 993 structures and to over five million sequences, respectively, of which about 40% and 30% have a conserved active site.
Protective Effects of Mangifera indica L. Extract Against LipofundininducedOxidative Stress in Rats

Lipofundin is a lipid rich emulsion used in parenteral nutrition. It is known that Lipofundin induces an oxida- tive stress state characterized by an increase of lipid peroxidation and a dramatic depletion of antioxidants. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L. , on Lipofundin-induced oxidative stress. Male Sprague Dawley rats were treated orally with 200 mg/kg of Vimang®, followed by an intravenous dose of 2 mL/kg Lipofundin, daily, for 8 days. Selected oxidative stress biomarkers were then measured spectrophotometrically. The results showed that Vimang® produced significant (p<0.05) reduction of malondialdehyde, total hydroperoxides and advanced oxidation protein products, while the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were positively modulated. A significant (p<0.05) reduction of peroxidation potential and a preservation of glutathione and total antioxidant status was also observed. Our data demonstrated that Vimang® protects against Lipofundin-induced oxidative stress, which is an important finding that further reinforces the antioxidant properties of this natural product.
Qualitative Treatment-Subgroup Interactions in a Randomized Clinical Trial of Treatments for Adolescents with ADHD: Exploring What Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment Works for Whom

Objective This study explored qualitative treatment-subgroup interactions within data of a RCT with two cognitive behavioral treatments (CBT) for adolescents with ADHD: a planning-focused (PML) and a solution-focused CBT (SFT). Qualitative interactions imply that which treatment is best differs across subgroups of patients, and are therefore most relevant for personalized medicine. Methods Adolescents with ADHD (N = 159) received either PML or SFT. Pre-, post- and three-month follow-up data were gathered on parent-rated ADHD symptoms and planning problems. Pretreatment characteristics were explored as potential qualitative moderators of pretest to follow-up treatment effects, using an innovative analyses technique (QUINT; Dusseldorp & Van Mechelen, 2014). In addition, qualitative treatment-subgroup interactions for the therapeutic changes from pre- to posttest and from post- to follow-up test were investigated. Results For the entire time span from pretest to follow-up only a quantitative interaction was found, while from posttest to follow-up qualitative interactions were found: Adolescents with less depressive symptoms but more anxiety symptoms showed more improvement when receiving PML than SFT, while for other adolescents the effects of PML and SFT were comparable. Discussion Whereas subgroups in both treatments followed different trajectories, no subgroup was found for which SFT outperformed PML in terms of the global change in symptoms from pretest to three months after treatment. This implies that, based on this exploratory study, there is no need for personalized treatment allocation with regard to the CBTs under study for adolescents with ADHD. However, for a subgroup with comorbid anxiety symptoms but low depression PML clearly appears the treatment of preference. Trial Registration Nederlands Trial Register NTR2142
The Corynebacterium diphtheriae shaft pilin SpaA is built of tandem Ig-like modules with stabilizing isopeptide and disulfide bonds

Cell-surface pili are important virulence factors that enable bacterial pathogens to adhere to specific host tissues and modulate host immune response. Relatively little is known about the structure of Gram-positive bacterial pili, which are built by the sortase-catalyzed covalent crosslinking of individual pilin proteins. Here we report the 1.6-Å resolution crystal structure of the shaft pilin component SpaA from Corynebacterium diphtheriae, revealing both common and unique features. The SpaA pilin comprises 3 tandem Ig-like domains, with characteristic folds related to those typically found in non-pilus adhesins. Whereas both the middle and the C-terminal domains contain an intramolecular Lys–Asn isopeptide bond, previously detected in the shaft pilins of Streptococcus pyogenes and Bacillus cereus, the middle Ig-like domain also harbors a calcium ion, and the C-terminal domain contains a disulfide bond. By mass spectrometry, we show that the SpaA monomers are cross-linked in the assembled pili by a Lys–Thr isopeptide bond, as predicted by previous genetic studies. Together, our results reveal that despite profound dissimilarities in primary sequences, the shaft pilins of Gram-positive pathogens have strikingly similar tertiary structures, suggesting a modular backbone construction, including stabilizing intermolecular and intramolecular isopeptide bonds.
Mass Communication and Political Socialization: Specifying the Effects

STUDIES examining the role of mass communication in young people's learning about politics indicate that the media contribute to political socialization, but the research does little to unravel the complexities of the process. By treating the media exposure patterns, the criterion variables, and the audience as unidimensional concepts, these studies fail to tease out the more specific effects that might exist for certain media, certain variables, or certain audience categories. The present study attempts to address these shortcomings by comparing the socialization effects of exposure to four media sources of political information-television news, radio news, newspaper news, and newsmagazines-on several specific types of political knowledge and behavior. The study also explores differences in effects for certain subgroups of young people.
MapReduce research on warehousing of big data

The growth of social networks and affordability of various sensing devices has lead to a huge increase of both human and non-human entities that are interconnected via various networks, mostly Internet. All of these entities generate large amounts of various data, and BI analysts have realized that such data contain knowledge that can no longer be ignored. However, traditional support for extraction of knowledge from mostly transactional data - data warehouse - can no longer cope with large amounts of fast incoming various, unstructured data - big data - and is facing a paradigm shift. Big data analytics has become a very active research area in the last few years, as well as the research of underlying data organization that would enhance it, which could be addressed as big data warehousing. One research direction is enhancing data warehouse with new paradigms that have proven to be successful at handling big data. Most popular of them is the MapReduce paradigm. This paper provides an overview on research and attempts to incorporate MapReduce with data warehouse in order to empower it for handling of big data.
Expression and inducibility in Staphylococcus aureus of the mecA gene, which encodes a methicillin-resistant S. aureus-specific penicillin-binding protein

A beta-lactam-sensitive strain of Staphylococcus aureus could be converted to methicillin resistance by the introduction of a plasmid carrying the 4.3-kilobase HindIII chromosomal DNA fragment which encoded the mecA gene from a methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Transformant cells produced methicillin-resistant S. aureus-specific penicillin-binding protein constitutively, and additional insertion of an inducible penicillinase plasmid caused production of the pencillin-binding protein to become inducible.
A novel voicing cut-off determination for low bit-rate harmonic speech coding

Generally, phonetic classification for low rate speech coding is restricted to either a simple binary voiced/unvoiced classification of entire speech frames, or alternatively, a more complicated estimation of the voicing for a set of frequency bands. A good compromise between these two techniques is estimation of a single cut-off frequency that separates the spectrum into voiced (below) and unvoiced (above) regions. Many existing cut-off frequency estimation methods use a fixed periodic spectrum to model voiced harmonics. However, due to pitch jitter, voiced harmonics do not always appear at regular intervals in the spectrum. In this paper (cid:120) a voicing cut-off estimation approach that combines speech energy, speech auto-correlation between frames and residual harmonic matching is proposed. Objective evaluation indicates that the algorithm is accurate and reliable. Subjective results obtained by embedding the algorithm in a low rate harmonic speech coder indicate that the technique is suitable for supporting high quality low rate speech synthesis. The proposed algorithm also requires relatively low complexity and introduces only a single frame of algorithmic delay.
Murine gamma/delta-expressing T cells affect alloengraftment via the recognition of nonclassical major histocompatibility complex class Ib antigens.

T cells with antidonor specificities have been isolated from human recipients experiencing graft rejection after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Partial T-cell depletion of unrelated BM grafts with an anti- T-cell receptor (TCR) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against the TCR alpha/beta heterodimer have shown that the incidence of graft-versus-host disease is low and that the incidence of durable engraftment is high. These studies suggest either that the number of residual TCR alpha/beta+ cells was sufficient to permit alloengraftment or that the preservation of cells other than TCR alpha/beta+ cells was beneficial for engraftment. With respect to the latter, one such candidate cell is the TCR gamma/delta+ T cell. Because no studies have specifically examined whether TCR gamma/delta+ cells might be capable of eliminating BM-derived hematopoietic cells, we established a new graft rejection model system in which transgenic (Tg) H-2d mice (termed G8), known to express gamma/delta heterodimers on high proportion of peripheral T cells, were used as BMT recipients. These Tg TCR gamma/delta+ cells respond vigorously to target cells that express the nonclassical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class lb region gene products encoded in H-2T region of H-2T(b)+ strains. G8 Tg mice were used as recipients for C57BL/6 (B6: H-2(b); H-2T(b)) T-cell-depleted (TCD) donor BM. We show that G8 Tg (H-2(d), H-2T(d)) mice are potent mediators of B6 BM graft rejection and that the rejection process was inhibited by anti-TCR gamma/delta MoAbs. In contrast, BM from a B6 congenic strain that expresses the H-2T(a) allele, B6.A-Tl(a)/BoyEg, was readily accepted, suggesting that H-2T antigens on repopulating donor BM cells are the targets of host graft rejecting T cells that express the TCR gamma/delta heterodimer. PB chimerism studies were performed at > or = 1.5 months post-BMT using TCD BM from severe combined immunodeficient allogeneic donors, which is highly susceptible to rejection by the host. The addition of donor G8 TCR gamma/delta+ cells to TCD donor BM was shown to significantly increase alloengraftment in B6 recipients. These results show that (1) host TCR gamma/delta+ cells can reject repopulating donor cells, presumably by responding to nonclassical MHC class lb gene products expressed on BM-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells; and (2) donor TCR gamma/delta+ cells can facilitate the alloengraftment of rigorously TCD donor BM.
Enhanced Proton and Neutron Induced Degradation and Its Impact on Hardness Assurance Testing

It is shown that protons and neutrons can induce enhanced degradation in power MOSFETs, including both trench and planar geometry devices. Specifically, large shifts in current-voltage characteristics can be observed at extremely low proton total dose levels (as low as ~ 2 rad(SiO2)). These shifts can induce significant increases in device ldquooffrdquo state leakage current. Neutron irradiations show similar degradation at equivalent fluence levels, even though neutrons do not deposit dose due to direct ionization. These data suggest that the mechanism responsible for the enhanced degradation is a microdose effect associated with secondary particles produced through nuclear interactions between protons and neutrons and the materials in integrated circuits. The secondary particles deposit enough charge in the gate oxide to induce a parasitic drain to source leakage path in the transistor. Although the results are demonstrated here for only trench and planar geometry power MOSFETs, microdose effects can impact the radiation response of other integrated circuit types. Hardness assurances issues implications are discussed.
Symbolic and Numerical Computation for Artificial Intelligence

Contributors. Preface. Introduction. Polynomial Continuation and its Relationship to the Symbolic Reduction of Polynomial Systems. Elimination Methods: an Introduction. On the Solutions of a Set of Polynomial Equations. Quantifier Elimation for Conjunction of Linear Constraints via a Convex Hull Algoritm. Elimation Theory and Computer Vision: Recognition and Positioning of Curved 3D Objects from Range, Intensity, or Contours. 2D and 3D Object Recognition and Posiitioning with Algebraic Invariants and Covariants. Applications of Invariant Theory in Computer Vision. Distance Metrics for Comparing Shapes in the Plane. A Mathematical Framework for Combinational/Structural analysis of Linear Dynamical Systems by Means of Matroids. Symbolic Methods for the Simulation of Planar Mechanical Systems in Design. Basic Requirements for the Automatic Generation of FORTRAN code. Symbolic and Parallel Adaptive Methods for Partial Differential Equations. An Interactive Symbolic-Numeric Interface to Paralles ELLPACK for Building General PDE Solvers. Symbolic / Numeric Techniques in Modeling and Simulation. Symbolic and Numeric Computation: the Example of IRENA. Author Index. Index.
WHEN THE MEDIA MEET CROWDS OF WISDOM

In an increasingly digital world where many are predicting the demise of the traditional newspaper, the media are turning to the masses to report and help report through the power of Internet journalism. Taking their cues from other areas such as photography and science, news organizations are employing the increasingly popular concept of “crowdsourcing” where tasks traditionally performed by employees are outsourced to a large network of people, recruited through an open call. This paper examines five different cases of crowdsourced journalism, classified on the basis of type of coverage and audience demographic. The study explores the strategies employed in each case, analyzes the benefits and pitfalls, and offers suggestions and ideas for future ventures. Observations and insights from journalists in different organizations are used to evaluate how crowdsourcing is blurring the lines between journalists as reporters and citizens as consumers.
[Vascularization of the wall of the superficial veins. Anatomic study of the vasa vasorum].

INTRODUCTION The blood vessel wall is almost always nourished by two ways; from the blood stream itself and through the outer part of the wall by vasa vasorum. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to demonstrate that this kind of nutrition is also available for the venous wall and to define the distribution pattern in superficial venous walls. MATERIALS AND METHODS 50 long saphenous veins and 20 short saphenous veins latex or barium injections, dissections with magnifying glasses and microradiographies. Topographical evaluation of the origin of vasa vasorum. RESULTS The results showed that vasa vasorum originated from perforating arteries coming from several levels and getting a lot of anastomosis. We showed that the main sources for the long saphenous vein are the external pudendal artery and descending artery of the knee and for the short saphenous vein, the short saphenous vein artery. In thrombosis and varicose veins, the vasa were strongly altered. CONCLUSION This study outlines the fact that superficial veins are supplied by arterial and venous vasa vasorum, and the role of vasa vasorum must be considered when questioning the pathogenesis of varicose and post thrombotic disease.
Time dependency of data quality for collaborative filtering algorithms

The efficiency of personal suggestions generated by collaborative filtering techniques is highly dependent on the quality and quantity of the available consumption data. Extending data sets with additional consumption data (from the past) might enrich the user profiles and generally leads to more accurate recommendations. Although if a considerable amount of profile information is already available and detailed personal preferences can be derived, supplementary consumption data may not have any (or a very limited) added value for the recommendation algorithm. These additional consumption data increase the required storage capacity and the computational load to generate the personal recommendations. Moreover, since personal preferences and the relevance of content items may vary over time, older consumption data might be outdated and lead to inaccurate recommendations. Therefore, we investigate which consumption data are (the most) relevant to feed the conventional collaborative filtering algorithms. For provider-generated content systems, we demonstrate that the accuracy of collaborative filtering algorithms increases by extending user profiles with additional older consumption data. In contrast, we witness the opposite effect for user-generated content systems: involving older consumption data has a negative influence on the recommender accuracy. These results are important for website owners who intend to employ a recommendation system at a minimum storage and computation cost.
Lise Öğrencilerinin Derse Katılmaya Motive Olmaları ile Okul Tükenmişliği Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Bu calismada, lise ogrencilerinin okul tukenmisligi ve derse katilmaya motive olmalari arasindaki iliskilerin incelenmesi amaclanmistir. Iliskisel modeldeki bu calismada amacli ornekleme yontemlerinden olcut ornekleme yontemi kullanilmistir. Bu arastirmanin calisma grubu, Ankara’nin Yenimahalle, Mamak ve Cankaya Ilcelerindeki uc lisede ogrenimine devam eden, 14–17 yaslari arasindaki 170 kiz (% 50.5) ve 167 erkek (% 49.5) olmak uzere toplam 337 lise ogrencisinden olusmaktadir. Arastirmada Ortaogretim Okul Tukenmisligi Olcegi ve Derse katilmaya Motive Olma Olcegi kullanilmistir. Veriler betimsel istatistikler ve coklu regresyon teknigi ile analiz edilmistir. Analiz sonuclari okul tukenmisliginin alt boyutlarinin lise ogrencilerinin derse katilmaya motive olmalarinin %19’unu acikladigini gostermistir. Bulgulara gore, lise ogrencilerinin okula ilgi kaybi ve odev yapmaktan tukenmislik duzeyleri yukseldikce derse katilmaya motive olma duzeylerinin dustugu; dinlenme ve eglenme gereksinimini karsilama istegi yukseldikce de derse katilmaya motive olma duzeylerinin de yukseldigi belirlenmistir.