Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The temperature profile of T Tauri disks

This paper proposes that T Tauri stars are three-component systems, formed by a star, its circumstellar disk and a tenuous, dusty envelope which surrounds both. The dust in the envelope scatters and reemits stellar light in the direction of the disk, which is therefore significantly hotter at large distance from the star than if direct heating alone is considered. The overall behavior of the disk temperature is very sensitive to the envelope properties. For example, for spherically symmetric envelopes, the whole observed range of spectral indices in the interval 5-100 μm, (4/3 to 0), can be accounted for by models with density in the envelope ∞r −1 and values of τ increasing from 0 to ∼0.4
A Novel Approach for Unit-Modulus Least-Squares Optimization Problems

We describe a novel constrained least-squares (LS) optimization problem and propose an iterative solution that deals with the constraints of placing variables on the complex unit circle. We reformulate the LS problem with unit magnitude constraints so that we obtain efficient closed-form local updates based on Procrustes orthogonal solutions that monotonically improve the objective function. We show the performance of the proposed algorithm in a synthetic experiment and an application to hybrid precoding/combining in mmWave MIMO communications.
The Efficacy and Safety of Oral and Topical Spironolactone in Androgenetic Alopecia Treatment: A Systematic Review

Introduction Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) has negative impacts on both men and women in terms of appearance and mental stress. Spironolactone is a synthetic aldosterone receptor antagonist known to stimulate hair growth and has been widely used by dermatologists to treat AGA. Objective To conduct a systematic review evaluating the efficacy and safety of topical and oral spironolactone in AGA treatment. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science until October 23rd, 2022, for human studies evaluating the efficacy of spironolactone for the treatment of AGA, regardless of doses and routes. Results We retrieved 784 papers and ultimately 7 articles matched our inclusion criteria and comprised 618 AGA patients (65 men, 553 women), 414 of them received spironolactone treatment. Oral spironolactone doses ranged from 25mg to 200mg daily, with the vast majority between 80mg and 110 mg. Dosage forms for topical spironolactone use include gels of 1% and solutions of 5% twice daily. Both oral and topical spironolactone have been shown efficacy for alopecia recovery, but topical use has significantly fewer side effects and is suitable for any gender. It showed better efficacy in combination with other therapies such as oral or topical minoxidil compared with monotherapy. Conclusion Spironolactone is an effective and safe treatment of androgenic alopecia which can enhance the efficacy when combined with other conventional treatments such as minoxidil. Topical spironolactone is safer than oral administration and is suitable for both male and female patients, and is expected to become a common drug for those who do not have a good response to minoxidil. Furthermore, more high-quality clinical randomized controlled studies should be performed.
Dietary Supplementation of Microbial Dextran and Inulin Exerts Hypocholesterolemic Effects and Modulates Gut Microbiota in BALB/c Mice Models

Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs), having great structural diversity, have gained tremendous interest for their prebiotic effects. In the present study, mice models were used to investigate if microbial dextran and inulin-type EPSs could also play role in the modulation of microbiomics and metabolomics by improving certain biochemical parameters, such as blood cholesterol and glucose levels and weight gain. Feeding the mice for 21 days on EPS-supplemented feed resulted in only 7.6 ± 0.8% weight gain in the inulin-fed mice group, while the dextran-fed group also showed a low weight gain trend as compared to the control group. Blood glucose levels of the dextran- and inulin-fed groups did not change significantly in comparison with the control where it increased by 22 ± 5%. Moreover, the dextran and inulin exerted pronounced hypocholesterolemic effects by reducing the serum cholesterol levels by 23% and 13%, respectively. The control group was found to be mainly populated with Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus gallinarum, Mammaliicoccus lentus and Klebsiella aerogenes. The colonization of E. faecalis was inhibited by 59–65% while the intestinal release of Escherichia fergusonii was increased by 85–95% in the EPS-supplemented groups, respectively, along with the complete inhibition of growth of other enteropathogens. Additionally, higher populations of lactic acid bacteria were detected in the intestine of EPS-fed mice as compared to controls.
Bi-objective optimization of nutrient intake and performance of broiler chickens using Gaussian process regression and genetic algorithm

This study investigated whether quantifying the trade-off between the maxima of two response traits increases the accuracy of diet formulation. To achieve this, average daily weight gain (ADG) and gain:feed ratio (G:F) responses of 7–21-day-old broiler chickens to the dietary supply of three nutrients (intake of digestible glycine equivalents, digestible threonine, and total choline) were modeled using a newly developed hybrid machine learning-based method of Gaussian process regression and genetic algorithm. The dataset comprised 90 data lines. Model-fit-criteria indicated a high model adjustment and no prediction bias of the models. The bi-objective optimization scenarios through Pareto front revealed the trade-off between maximized ADG and maximized G:F and provided information on the needed input of the three nutrients that interact with each other to achieve the trade-off scenarios. The trade-off scenarios followed a nonlinear pattern. This indicated that choosing target values intermediate to maximized ADG and G:F after single-objective optimization is less accurate than feed formulation after quantifying the trade-off. In conclusion, knowledge of the trade-off between maximized ADG and maximized G:F and the needed nutrient inputs will help feed formulators to optimize their feed with a more holistic approach.
NeuroFAST: high accuracy neuro-fuzzy modeling

Most fuzzy modeling algorithms rely either on simplistic (grid type) or off-line (trial-and-error type) structure identification methods. The proposed neurofuzzy modeling architecture, NeuroFAST, is an on-line, structure and parameter learning algorithm, featuring high function approximation accuracy. It is based on the first order Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) model (functional reasoning), where the consequence part of each fuzzy rule is a linear equation of the input variables. Fuzzy rules are allocated as learning evolves by a modified Fuzzy ART (Adaptive Resonance Theory) mechanism, assisted by fuzzy rule splitting and adding procedures (structure learning). The well known /spl delta/-rule continuously tunes learning weights on both premise and consequence parts (parameter identification). Tested on the Box-Jenkins gas furnace process modeling and the Mackey-Glass chaotic time series prediction, NeuroFAST yields very good results in terms of approximation accuracy, outperforming all known approaches.
Two‐point constitutive equations and integration algorithms for isotropic‐hardening rate‐independent elastoplastic materials in large deformation

This paper presents alternative forms of hyperelastic–plastic constitutive equations and their integration algorithms for isotropic‐hardening materials at large strain, which are established in two‐point tensor field, namely between the first Piola–Kirchhoff stress tensor and deformation gradient. The eigenvalue problems for symmetric and non‐symmetric tensors are applied to kinematics of multiplicative plasticity, which imply the transformation relationships of eigenvectors in current, intermediate and initial configurations. Based on the principle of plastic maximum dissipation, the two‐point hyperelastic stress–strain relationships and the evolution equations are achieved, in which it is considered that the plastic spin vanishes for isotropic plasticity. On the computational side, the exponential algorithm is used to integrate the plastic evolution equation. The return‐mapping procedure in principal axes, with respect to logarithmic elastic strain, possesses the same structure as infinitesimal deformation theory. Then, the theory of derivatives of non‐symmetric tensor functions is applied to derive the two‐point closed‐form consistent tangent modulus, which is useful for Newton's iterative solution of boundary value problem. Finally, the numerical simulation illustrates the application of the proposed formulations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Load frequency control of a two-area multi-source power system using a tilt integral derivative controller

This paper introduces a tilt integral derivative controller as the supplementary controller for load frequency control of a two-area interconnected power system. The optimal value of parameters of the tilt integral derivative controller is evaluated using constrained nonlinear optimization by means of a performance index-based method. The proposed tilt integral derivative control offers superior properties such as simple parameter tuning and its performance does not compromise the occurrence of any parameter variations in the system. To verify these features of the controller, the test system is subjected to step load disturbance and parameter variations that ensure the robustness of the tilt integral derivative controller. Comparative analysis with previously published work indicates that the proposed tilt integral derivative controller gives better performance and holds the property of robustness. Simulations have been performed using Matlab®.
Case report: Successful administration of cariprazine in a young, severely ill patient with recurrent relapses of schizophrenia and persistent negative symptoms

The present case report describes a young man diagnosed with schizophrenia and presents a “revolving door” (RD) phenomenon. He was hospitalized in an acute psychiatric clinic three times in 1 year. After each hospitalization, he was discharged with incompletely reduced psychotic symptoms, persistent negative symptoms, low functioning, lack of insight, and adherence. He had an insufficient response to maximally tolerated doses of antipsychotic monotherapy with haloperidol and risperidone. Moreover, his treatment was complicated due to the low accessibility of long-acting injectable atypical antipsychotics (LAI) in the country and his refusal of the only available atypical LAI paliperidone palmitate and refusal to take clozapine. Due to limited alternatives, the decision to administer combinations of antipsychotics was made. Since his diagnosis, he received several combinations of antipsychotics, i.e., haloperidol + quetiapine, risperidone + quetiapine, haloperidol + olanzapine, risperidone + olanzapine, but without sufficient clinical effectiveness. Although combinations of antipsychotics reduced his positive symptoms to some degree, persistent negative symptoms and extrapyramidal side effects were observed. After initiating cariprazine, which was combined with olanzapine, improvement in the patient’s positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and overall functioning was detected. The combination of medications mentioned above facilitated the therapeutic alliance, thus providing control over the symptoms and preventing psychiatric hospitalizations.
Critical Behavior of a Classical Heisenberg Ferromagnet with Many Degrees of Freedom

The critical behavior of a classical Heisenberg ferromagnet is studied in the limit where the spin dimensionality $N$ is large. Corrections of order $\frac{1}{N}$ to the spherical model are obtained as functions of a continuous dimension $d$, $2ldl4$. Particular attention is given to the behavior near the coexistence curve. The divergence of the magnetic susceptibility below ${T}_{c}$ as the external field vanishes is discussed through a nonlinear realization of the $O(N)$ symmetry, as well as in the $\frac{1}{N}$ and $4\ensuremath{-}d$ expansions.
Molecular Investigation of DKK3 in Cerebral Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury

Dickkopf-3 (Dkk3) is an atypical member of the Dkk family of Wnt inhibitors, which has been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders. Its role in the mechanisms of cellular degeneration and protection is still unknown. The aim of our work is to investigate the endogenous activation of the DKK3 pathway in a model of transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats. In particular, the animals were subjected to 1 h of ischemia followed by different reperfusion times (1 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h) to evaluate the downstream pathway and the time course of its activation. Western blot analysis showed increased Dkk3 expression in animals with the highest time of reperfusion. The increased levels of Dkk3 were accompanied by reduced Wnt3a, Frz1 and PIWI1a expression in the cytosol while FOXM1 and β-catenin decreased in the nucleus. These molecular changes led to an increase in the apoptotic pathway, as showed by the increased expression of Caspase 3 and Bax and the reduced levels of Bcl-2, and to a decrease in neurogenesis, as shown by the decreased expression of Tbr2, Ngn2 and Pax6. In the second part of the study, we decided to employ curcumin, an activator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, to investigate its effect on Dkk3. In particular, curcumin was administered 1 and 6 h after ischemia, and animals were sacrificed 24 h later when the expression of Dkk3 was higher. Our data displayed that curcumin administration decreased Dkk3 expression, and increased Wnt3a, Frz1 and PIWI1a levels. Well in line with these data, curcumin administration increased nuclear β-catenin and FOXM1 expression. The down-regulation of Dkk3 by curcumin led to reduced apoptosis and increased neurogenesis. Summarizing, our results showed that Dkk3 acts as an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling during cerebral ischemia. Additionally, its inhibition and the contextual activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway are protective against ischemic stroke.
Downlink Performance of CF Massive MIMO Under Wireless-Based Fronthaul Network

This paper investigates the downlink (DL) performance of cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) systems under a wireless mMIMO-based fronthaul network operation. Particularly, we consider multiple edge-cloud processors (ECP)s serving access points (AP)s using one of three possible fronthaul network operations, namely, microwave, millimeter wave (mmWave), or hybrid microwave/mmWave. Under each fronthaul network operation, we analyze the achievable DL data rates for two different microwave-based operations of the access link (APs-users), namely, distributed and centralized operations, while assuming APs with/without decoding capabilities. In the distributed operation, APs are responsible for performing both channel estimation and DL data precoding tasks, whereas ECPs are the responsible entities for carrying out such tasks in the centralized counterpart. Our results show that the integration between the centralized access link operation and the hybrid-based fronthaul network provides the highest DL data rates when APs are empowered with decoding capabilities. However, integrating the distributed access link operation with the microwave-based fronthaul network achieves ultimate performance when APs are not supported with decoding capabilities. Interestingly, we reveal that APs with low fronthaul capacities dominantly control the preferred network configuration in-terms of the densities and the number of deployed antennas for both APs and ECPs.
Models for Distributions on Permutations

Abstract A parametric distribution on permutations of k objects is derived from gamma random variables. The probability of a permutation is set equal to the probability that k independent gamma random variables with common shape parameter and different scale parameters are ranked according to that permutation. This distribution is motivated by considering a competition in which k players, scoring points according to independent Poisson processes, are ranked according to the time until r points are scored. The distributions obtained in this way include the popular Luce-Plackett and Thurstone-Mosteller-Daniels ranking models. These gamma-based distributions can serve as alternatives to the null ranking model in which all permutations are equally likely. Here, the gamma models are used to estimate the probability distribution of the order of finish in a horse race when only the probability of finishing first is given for each horse. Gamma models with shape parameters larger than 1 are found to be superior to.
Highly Efficient Calibration of Antenna Arrays by Active Targets in the Near-Field

To enhance the capabilities of high-resolution imaging or beamforming, the trend goes towards arrays with high-channel count and large aperture sizes. The operation at increasing mm-wave frequencies exacerbates the consequences of manufacturing tolerances on the array performance, further necessitating the development of high-quality calibrations. Thereby, a large number of array response vectors, addressed in the following as data points, is stored. Typically, one data point is measured at a time for each angle. To reduce the calibration effort, hereby defined as the number of required measurements, a calibration setup employing active calibration targets (ACT) is proposed. This setup allows the storage of a multitude of data points within a single measurement. In addition, this measurement setup is placed in the near-field of the array to relax the requirements on the size of the anechoic chamber. Employing multiple targets makes it challenging to compensate the near-field effects. Therefore, methods are discussed to ensure a consistent quality of the calibration considering the near-field influences from the ACTs. Exemplary measurements deploying an antenna array operating at 78.5 GHz demonstrate that this calibration measurement setup employing three ACTs placed in the near-field of the array reduces the calibration effort by a factor of 3 compared to state-of-the-art setups. The average deviation of the antenna phase relations amounts to 4.1 degree, proving that the presented setup achieves the same calibration quality as state-of-the-art setups.
How and When Perpetrators Reflect on and Respond to Their Workplace Ostracism Behavior: A Moral Cleansing Lens

Purpose This study investigates the association between the previous workplace ostracism of employees and their subsequent helping behavior by drawing on moral cleansing theory in the Chinese context, exploring the mediating roles of employees’ guilt and perceived loss of moral credit and the moderating role of their moral identity symbolization. Sample and Method The data were collected from a two-stage time-lagged survey of 284 Chinese employees. Regression analysis and the bootstrapping method are used in this article to examine the theoretical hypotheses. Results The results indicate that employees’ previous ostracism behaviors positively affected their guilt experience and perceived loss of moral credit. Subsequently, the relationship between employees’ workplace ostracism and their helping behavior is mediated by guilt experience and perceived loss of moral credit. Furthermore, moral identity symbolization positively moderated the indirect “workplace ostracism-helping behavior” linkage via guilt and perceived loss of moral credits; in other words, for employees who have a higher degree of moral identity symbolization, the mediating effect is more significant, and vice versa. Conclusion This study does not merely clarify the theoretical relationship between perpetrators’ workplace ostracism and their helping behavior, which enriches the explanatory logic of related research on workplace ostracism and the cause of helping behavior, but also expand the application scope of moral cleansing theory. Further, we aim practically to bring enlightenment to human resource management reform, corporate culture construction, and positive behavior management.
Forbidden trajectories for path integrals

The problem of the availability of trajectories for the Feynman path integral is considered. Forbidden trajectories for single particle integrals are featured in the case of quantum tunneling across barriers. In the case of multiparticle systems of indistinguishable identical particles, some limits for the availability of cyclotron braid trajectories are demonstrated, which leads to the explanation of statistics and correlation in quantum Hall systems of interacting 2D electrons. The homotopy-type restrictions for trajectories close to general-relativity singularities are discussed with indication of quantum properties of black holes manifesting themselves at quasar luminosity or at neutron star merger collapses. The related supplementation to conventional models of accretion disk luminosity in the close vicinity of the event horizon of a super massive black hole is proposed and compared with observations.
Social Support and Wellbeing in Cat and Dog Owners, and the Moderating Influence of Pet–Owner Relationship Quality

ABSTRACT People have kept companion animals for millennia, a tradition that implies mutual benefits due to its persistence; however, scientific investigations present mixed results. Some research suggests pet owners are less lonely than non-owners, but other findings suggest pet owners have higher psychological distress. Research comparing owners with non-owners is limited, and methodological inconsistencies need to be addressed. This study investigated social support and wellbeing (positive functioning) in cat and dog owners, informed by social support theory, attachment, and social exchange theories. It was hypothesized that (1) pet support would predict wellbeing in addition to human support and (2) at least one aspect of pet–owner relationship quality would influence the relationship between social support and wellbeing. An adult sample of 89 cat owners and 149 dog owners (n = 238; 205 females and 33 males) completed an online survey comprising a demographics questionnaire, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Cat/Dog–Owner Relationship Quality Scale, the Psychological Wellbeing Scale, and Satisfaction with Life Scale. Social support measures included some demographics on theoretical grounds to measure the construct multidimensionally. Hierarchical and multiple regressions were conducted, and results indicated that both hypotheses were supported: having more pets significantly predicted greater psychological wellbeing in addition to human social support. Unexpectedly, perceived pet support significantly, positively predicted life satisfaction when perceived emotional closeness with pet was low. These findings indicate that pets may improve psychological functioning and that emotional closeness is an important moderating factor. Practical implications include the social benefits of pets for those who could benefit from greater psychological functioning and improved life satisfaction.