Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Near-Lossless Image Compression Based on Maximization of Run Length Sequences

In this paper an algorithm is proposed which performs near-lossless image compression. For each pixel in a row of the image a group of value-states are considered, which have values close to that of the pixel. A trellis is constructed for every row of the image where the nodes of the trellis are the states of the pixels of that row. The goal of the algorithm is to find a path on this trellis that creates a sequence which can be efficiently coded using run length encoding (RLE). For sections of the pixels of the row that suitable RLE cannot be achieved then minimization of the entropy is employed to complete a path on the trellis. The application of the algorithm to a wide range of standard images shows that the scheme, while having low computational complexity, is competitive with other near-lossless image compression methods.
Bi-maximal Neutrino Mixing With SO(3) Flavour Symmetry

model with extended Higgs sectorgives rise to bi-maximal neutrino mixing through the incorporation of SO(3)ﬂavour symmetry and discrete symmetry. The neutrino and the charged lep-ton masses are generated due to higher dimensional terms. The hierarchicalstructures of neutrinos and charged leptons are obtained due to inclusionof SO(3) ﬂavour symmetry and discrete symmetry.The model can accom-modate the vacuum oscillation solution of solar neutrino problem, throughreasonable choice of model parameters along with the atmospheric neutrinoexperimental result.PACS No. 12.60 Fr. , 14.60 Pq. , 13.40 Em.E-mail: ambar@tnp.saha. ernet.in
A tool for ontology-editing and ontology-based information exploration

Users of traditional information retrieval (IR) systems encounter the problems of vocabulary mismatch and fuzzy search goals. This is due to the number of ways the search concepts may be expressed in texts. The effects of the vocabulary mismatch can be alleviated via query expansion and document annotation through thesauri, tags or ontologies. On the one hand, users would benefit from ontology-based annotation. On the other hand for overcoming fuzzy search goals users need to analyze the search results and reformulate their queries. In the present paper we suggest ontologies for retrieval and annotation and describe a tool supporting online ontology editing and ontology-based multilingual document exploration. It provides an aid for multiple-source searching and document analysis through ontology based summarization, annotation and clustering, among others.
GA-Based Task Scheduler for the Cloud Computing Systems

Task scheduling problems are of paramount importance which relate to the efficiency of the whole cloud computing facilities. In Hadoop, the open-source implementation of MapReduce, scheduling policies, such as FIFO or delay scheduling in FAIR scheduler is used by the master node to distribute waiting tasks to computing nodes (slaves) in response to the status messages of these nodes it receives. Although delay scheduling policy has claimed to improve the throughput and response times by a factor of 2 compared to FIFO policy, it can still achieve more improvement by considering a holistic view of all the tasks waiting to be processed. Therefore, this paper proposes a new scheduler which makes a scheduling decision by evaluating the entire group of tasks in the job queue. A genetic algorithm is designed as the optimization method for the new scheduler. The preliminary simulation results show that our scheduler can get a shorter make span for jobs than FIFO and delay scheduling policies and achieve a better balanced load across all the nodes in the cloud.
Influence of Boundary Conditions on Pattern Formation and Spatial Chaos in Lattice Systems

This work elucidates the spatial structure of lattice dynamical systems, which is represented by equilibria of the systems. On a finite lattice, various boundary conditions are imposed. The effect from these boundary conditions on formation of pattern as well as spatial complexity, as the lattice size tends to infinity, is investigated. Two general propositions are proposed as a criteria to demonstrate that this effect is negligible. To illustrate the effectiveness of these criteria, the mosaic patterns in a cellular neural network model on one- and two-dimensional lattices are also studied. On a one-dimensional lattice, the influence of boundary conditions on pattern formation and spatial chaos for mosaic patterns is negligible. This result is justified by verifying the above-mentioned criteria and by using the transition matrices. These appropriately formulated matrices generate all the mosaic patterns on a one-dimensional infinite lattice and on any one-dimensional finite lattice with boundary conditio.
Cost-Effectiveness Comparison of Genechip and Conventional Drug Susceptibility Test for Detecting Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in China

Background Genechip (CapitalBio, Beijing, China) is a system for diagnosing resistance to rifampin and isoniazid, which shows high efficiency in detecting drug-resistant tuberculosis. Here, we firstly evaluated the costs of Genechip for detecting the drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, compared to conventional drug susceptibility test (DST) in laboratories in China. Methodology/Principal Findings Data on the costs of the two tests were collected at four hospitals. Costs were calculated using the essential factor cost calculation method. The costs of diagnosing a single case of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) using Genechip and DST were US$22.38 and $53.03, respectively. Taking into account the effect on costs from failure of a certain number of tests to accurately diagnose MDR-TB, the costs of Genechip and DST increased by 17.65% and 5.22%, respectively. The cost of both tests decreased with the increasing prevalence of MDR-TB disease, and the cost of Genechip at a sensitivity of more than 50% was lower than that of DST. When price of Genechip was varied to 50%, 80%, 150%, and 200% of the original price, the cost of Genechip at sensitivities of more than 30%, 40%, 60%, and 70%, respectively, was also lower than that of DST. Conclusions/Significance This study showed that Genechip was a more cost-effective method of diagnosing MDR-TB compared to conventional DST.
A Combinational Auction Improves School Meals in Chile

Chile's school system is using mathematical modeling to assign catering contracts in a singleround sealed-bid combinational auction. The Chilean state spends around US$180 million a year to feed 1,300,000 students from low income families, making this one of the largest state auctions. To improve the quality of the assignment in the auction process, we constructed an integer linear programming model to decide contract awards optimally among different concession holders. The model completely changed the nature of the process in three crucial aspects. First, it gave transparency and objectivity to the complete process, generating competition among firms. Second, it allowed the companies to build flexible territorial bids to include their scale economies, leading to efficient resource allocation. Finally, the model indeed found an optimal solution, which is not easy because the assignment problem was NP-complete with more than 10,000 binary variables. This new methodology improved the price-quality ratio of the meals with yearly savings of around US$40 million--equivalent to the cost of feeding 300,000 children during one year.
Minimization of Monotonically Levelable Higher Order MRF Energies via Graph Cuts

A feature of minimizing images of submodular binary Markov random field (MRF) energies is introduced. Using this novel feature, the collection of minimizing images of levels of higher order, monotonically levelable multilabel MRF energies is shown to constitute a monotone collection. This implies that these minimizing binary images can be combined to give minimizing images of the multilabel MRF energies. Thanks to the graph cuts framework, the mentioned class of binary MRF energies is known to be minimized by maximum flow computations on appropriately constructed graphs. With the aid of these developments an exact and efficient algorithm to minimize monotonically levelable multilabel MRF energies of any order, which is composed of a series of maximum flow computations, is proposed and an application of the proposed algorithm to image denoising is given.
Simulated Annealing Algorithm-based Subcarrier Allocation for Multiuser OFDM Relay Systems

—Resource allocation for multiuser OFDM relay systems is investigated in this paper. The separate power limits for the base station and the relay station is considered. The resource fairness problems for each user are also presented, including the subcarrier fairness and the proportional end-to-end throughput fairness. This paper introduces a hierarchical scheme to combine the maximum end-to-end throughput and minimum transmit power. The set of the switching levels for the modulation types is applied in this paper. The simulated annealing algorithm is introduced. The methods of the neighborhood search is discussed and compared with two heuristic allocation algorithms. Owing to the characteristic of the relay system, unbalanced throughput among hop links happened. This paper proposed a suitable bit loading approach using water-filling method applied to load bits optimally for each user under the power constraint and the fairness constraints. Each user’s hop links are guaranteed to have the balanced throughput. Simulation results show the performances of the effects of the fairness constraints and different subcarrier allocation algorithms.
Updated Geriatric Cardiology Guidelines of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology - 2019

Development: The Department of Geriatric Cardiology of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (Departamento de Cardiogeriatria da Sociedade Brasileira da Cardiologia) and the Brazilian Geriatrics and Gerontology Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia) Norms and Guidelines Council: Fernando Bacal, Leandro Ioschpe Zimerman, Paulo Ricardo Avancini Caramori, and Pedro A. Lemos Norms and Guidelines Coordinator: Ludhmila Abrahão Hajjar Editors: Gilson Soares Feitosa-Filho, José Maria Peixoto, José Elias Soares Pinheiro
INTRUSION DETECTION USING THE SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE ENHANCED WITH A FEATURE-WEIGHT KERNEL

With the popularization of the Internet and local networks, malicious attacks and intrusion events to computer systems are growing. The design and implementation of intrusion detection systems are becoming extremely important in helping to maintain proper network security. Support Vector Machines (SVM) as a classic pattern recognition tool, have been widely used in intrusion detection. However, conventional SVM methods do not involve the different characteristics of the features of data sets. This thesis proposes a new SVM model enhanced with a weighted kernel function based on features of the training data for intrusion detection. Rough set theory is used to perform the feature ranking and selection tasks of the enhanced SVM model in order to take advantage of both SVM and rough set theory. Based on the feature ranks resulting from Rough Set theory, a new algorithm is developed to calculate the feature weights in a kernel function for the enhanced SVM model. The new model is tested with two data sets namely, the KDD CUP 1999 dataset and the system call trace dataset from the University of New Mexico. When compared with the result from conventional SVM, the test provides evidence that the proposed model outperforms conventional SVM in precision, computation time, and false negative rate.
Energy loss through standby and leakage in energy harvesting wireless sensors

We present a performance model for an energy harvesting wireless sensor node in which data gathering and harvesting are slow random processes as compared to fast wireless communications. We assume that the system will use stored energy when collecting data in standby, and that energy will leak from capacitors and batteries. In the presence of these imperfections we derive the system's packet transmission capacity when its packet storage buffer and its energy storage unit have a finite capacity that may lead to both data packet overflows, and the loss of incoming energy in addition to standby losses. We also consider an infinite capacity model which operates in the presence of transmission errors due to channel noise and interference.
A new AC-DC converter using bridgeless SEPIC

A new bridgeless power factor correction circuit (PFC) based on single ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) is proposed. The number of component conducted at each subinterval mode is reduced compared to the existing topologies. Analysis of the converter operated in discontinuous-conduction mode (DCM) is discussed. Experimental circuit for the proposed converter is developed with universal input voltage capability for 50V DC output voltage connected to 100W load. The simulation and experimental results are presented to show the performances of the proposed circuit.
A Novel Approach to Identifying Physical Markers of Cryo-Damage in Bull Spermatozoa

Cryopreservation is an efficient way to store spermatozoa and plays a critical role in the livestock industry as well as in clinical practice. During cryopreservation, cryo-stress causes substantial damage to spermatozoa. In present study, the effects of cryo-stress at various cryopreservation steps, such as dilution / cooling, adding cryoprtectant, and freezing were studied in spermatozoa collected from 9 individual bull testes. The motility (%), motion kinematics, capacitation status, mitochondrial activity, and viability of bovine spermatozoa at each step of the cryopreservation process were assessed using computer-assisted sperm analysis, Hoechst 33258/chlortetracycline fluorescence, rhodamine 123 staining, and hypo-osmotic swelling test, respectively. The results demonstrate that the cryopreservation steps reduced motility (%), rapid speed (%), and mitochondrial activity, whereas medium/slow speed (%), and the acrosome reaction were increased (P < 0.05). Differences (Δ) of the acrosome reaction were higher in dilution/cooling step (P < 0.05), whereas differences (Δ) of motility, rapid speed, and non-progressive motility were higher in cryoprotectant and freezing as compared to dilution/cooling (P < 0.05). On the other hand, differences (Δ) of mitochondrial activity, viability, and progressive motility were higher in freezing step (P < 0.05) while the difference (Δ) of the acrosome reaction was higher in dilution/cooling (P < 0.05). Based on these results, we propose that freezing / thawing steps are the most critical in cryopreservation and may provide a logical ground of understanding on the cryo-damage. Moreover, these sperm parameters might be used as physical markers of sperm cryo-damage.
STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVES ON USING TELEGRAM MESSENGER AS A LEARNING MEDIA

A learning media is very important to support a course to achieve the learning objective. This study deals with how are students’ perspectives on using Telegram Messenger that used as a learning media at English Study Program of Universitas Islam Riau. This research was a descriptive qualitative research. It was conducted at Universitas Islam Riau at Jalan Kaharuddin Nasution No. 133 Pemberhentian Marpoyan, Pekanbaru-Riau from January until May 2017 with the samples were the fifth semester students at English Study Program. The research instrument in this research was a questionnaire that consists of 20 statements of (1) perceived usefulness (2) perceived ease to use (3) attitude toward using (4) actual system use. Further, to get the information related to four indicators in this research, the researcher employed likert scale, 5 was given for strongly agree (SA), 4 for agree (A), 3 for undecided (U), 2 for disagree (D), and 1 for strongly disagree (SD). The questionnaire used close-ended question in online questionnaire, asking the respondent to get students’ perspective on using Telegram Messenger by checking one check box in Survey Monkey. The students’ perspectives in perceived ease of use for strongly agree which was 35%, perceived usefulness for strongly agree was 22%, attitude toward usage for strongly agree was 30%, actual system use for strongly agree was 19%, actual system use for strongly agree was 19%. In other words, respondent positively responded.
Male and Female EFL Teachers' Consciousness of Self-disclosure: A Case Study from Al Baha University, Saudia Arabia

Teacher self-disclosure (TSD) is a communication strategy that may positively affect students' learning by encouraging them to participate effectively in English as Foreign Language (EFL) or English as a Second Language (ESL) classroom activities. In addition, it can be considered a Second Language (L2) teaching method that can increase learner’s engagement and language learning outcomes. Owning to its context-sensitive and culture-dependent nature, however, TSD topics, purposes, and considerations may vary cross-culturally. This study is an endeavor to investigate EFL University teachers' consciousness of suitability and appropriateness of TSD as well as to find out differences and similarities between male and female EFL teachers' conceptions of the relevance of TSD to successful L2 teaching. In order to achieve these objectives, the Appropriateness of Teacher Self-Disclosure Scale is administered to 60 EFL teachers (30 females and 30 males) from the Foreign Languages Departments at the Faculties of Arts and Humanities of Al Baha University, KSA. Results of the current study refer to the extent to which EFL teachers consider TSD topics, purposes, and considerations to be proper or improper. Moreover, the study finds out concurrence and indifference between male and female teachers' conceptions in topics of TSD, the purposes TSD achieves in classroom settings, and considerations the teachers consider when practicing TSD. The results of the study recommend that EFL teachers can use TSD as a teaching and career development tool to improve learning despite the fact that they should be alert of its influences in some features as TSD is culture and context oriented.
Event logging: portable and efficient checkpointing in heterogeneous environments with non-FIFO communication platforms

The Chandy-Lamport checkpointing algorithm is widely used in fault tolerant implementations of MPI. However, it assumes the FIFO property of message passing, which is not guaranteed by the MPI standard at the application level. Therefore, this algorithm cannot serve as a basis for an implementation-independent fault tolerant MPI. In this paper, we present a variant of the Chandy-Lamport algorithm that does not rely on the FIFO property. This algorithm can be implemented on top of MPI and, hence, used for development of a supplement software component enabling the fault tolerance of any MPI implementation compliant with the MPI standard. We prove the correctness of the algorithm and analyze its performance. Experimental results demonstrating the efficiency of the algorithm are also presented.
Virtual Differential Storage Based K-Rollback Concurrency Control Algorithm in Distributed Shared Memory Systems

Most of the algorithms that exist today for concurrency control over distributed shared memory, either fail to provide a scalable model or involve a large communication overhead for establishing consensus over the state of the shared variables. After a thorough study of some of the efficient algorithms this field, this paper introduces a functional view of a holistic approach, which exploits the best features of all others. It provides a virtual differential storage, which allows fast replication and compact storage, along with a strong subversion control over rollbacks in time, which provides better fault tolerance. It also talks of an intelligent logging mechanism, where the read/write records are used actively by the central controller to provide exclusion over Above all, the algorithm is best implemented in LISP or Scheme due to its functional nature. This make the implementation computationally very fast. A trade off, however, exists between the implementation complexity and the quality of the final product.
Semi-Supervised Information Retrieval System for Clinical Decision Support

This article summarizes the approach developed for TREC 2016 Clinical Decision Support Track. In order to address the daunting challenge of retrieval of biomedical articles for answering clinical questions, an information retrieval methodology was developed that combines pseudo-relevance feedback, semantic query expansion and document similarity measures based on unsupervised word embeddings. The individual relevance metrics were combined through a supervised learning-to-rank model based on gradient boosting to maximize the normalized discounted cumulative gain (nDCG). Experimental results show that document distance measures derived from unsupervised word embeddings contribute to significant ranking improvements when combined with traditional document retrieval approaches
Architectural Decision Models as Micro-Methodology for Service-Oriented Analysis and Design

During the construction of service-oriented architectures, service modelers concern themselves with the characteristics of good services and how such services can be designed. For instance, they look for advice regarding interface granularity and criteria to assess whether existing software assets are fit for reuse in service-oriented environments. There are no straightforward answers to such questions – service identification, specification and realization techniques are required. Service identification and specification are well covered by existing methodologies; for service realization, architectural decision models can be leveraged. At present, the construction of architectural decision models is an educationand labor-intensive undertaking; if such models exist at all, they often are isolated from other artifacts. In this paper, we propose a new engineering approach to service modeling that leverages reusable architectural decision models as its central service realization concept. We outline a multi-level decision tree and position it as a prescriptive service realization methodology for three engagement types observed in practice. The benefits of service engineering with reusable architectural decision models are semiautomatic decision identification in analysis models, improved decision making quality, and better decision enforcement and risk mitigation capabilities.
ijsr . net Local Gray Code Pattern ( LGCP ) : A Robust Feature Descriptor for Facial Expression Recognition

This paper presents a new local facial feature descriptor, Local Gray Code Pattern (LGCP), for facial expression recognition in contrast to widely adopted Local Binary pattern. Local Gray Code Pattern (LGCP) characterizes both the texture and contrast information of facial components. The LGCP descriptor is obtained using local gray color intensity differences from a local 3x3 pixels area weighted by their corresponding TF (term frequency). I have used extended Cohn-Kanade expression (CK+) dataset and Japanese Female Facial Expression (JAFFE) dataset with a Multiclass Support Vector Machine (LIBSVM) to evaluate proposed method. The proposed method is performed on six and seven basic expression classes in both person dependent and independent environment. According to extensive experimental results with prototypic expressions on static images, proposed method has achieved the highest recognition rate, as compared to other existing appearance-based feature descriptors LPQ, LBP, LBPU2, LBPRI, and LBPRIU2.