Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Match Load Physical Demands in U-19 Professional Soccer Players Assessed by a Wearable Inertial Sensor

Background: Wearable inertial sensors are poorly used in soccer to monitor external load (EL) indicators. However, these devices could be useful for improving sports performance and potentially reducing the risk of injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the EL indicators (i.e., cinematic, mechanical, and metabolic) differences between playing positions (i.e., central backs, external strikers, fullbacks, midfielders, and wide midfielder) during the first half time of four official matches (OMs). Methods: 13 young professional soccer players (Under-19; age: 18.5 ± 0.4 years; height: 177 ± 6 cm; weight: 67 ± 4.8 kg) were monitored through a wearable inertial sensor (TalentPlayers TPDev, firmware version 1.3) during the season 2021–2022. Participants’ EL indicators were recorded during the first half time of four OMs. Results: significant differences were detected in all the EL indicators between playing positions except for two of them (i.e., distance traveled in the various metabolic power zones (<10 w) and the number of direction changes to the right >30° and with speed >2 m). Pairwise comparisons showed differences in EL indicators between playing positions. Conclusions: Young professional soccer players showed different loads and performances during OMs in relation to playing positions. Coaches should consider the different physical demands related to playing positions in order to design the most appropriate training program.
New Radiative Analysis Approach for Reticulated Porous Ceramics Using Discrete Ordinates Method

A novel radiative modeling technique using discrete ordinates has been developed for reticulated porous ceramics (RPCs) from experimental measurements of transmittance and reflectance on small samples of partially stabilized zirconium oxide (PS ZrO 2 ) and oxide-bonded silicon carbide (OB SiC). The new technique defines and quantifies the direct transmittance fraction, f dt , of a reticulated porous ceramic, demonstrates how it redefines the extinction process, and creates a new effective extinction coefficient, K λ,eff . This ultimately produces a modified form of the radiative transfer equation (RTE) and an innovative discrete ordinates formulation to solve the RTE unique to RPCs. The direct transmittance modeling approach has been compared to a more conventional homogeneous modeling approach, in which the direct transmittance effects are essentially ignored and the RPC is treated as a homogeneous lump of material. The two modeling approaches yield identical results in predicting small test sample reflectances and transmittances. The direct transmittance technique does demonstrate explicitly, through a unique relationship between absorption coefficients in the two modeling approaches, the importance of scattering processes in enhancing the absorption mechanism in RPCs. It can also be an important secondary modeling technique that imposes additional parameter constraints in an inverse analysis to help refine derived radiative coefficients.
Cholesterol and Sphingomyelin Polarize at the Leading Edge of Migrating Myoblasts and Involve Their Clustering in Submicrometric Domains

Myoblast migration is crucial for myogenesis and muscular tissue homeostasis. However, its spatiotemporal control remains elusive. Here, we explored the involvement of plasma membrane cholesterol and sphingolipids in this process. In resting C2C12 mouse myoblasts, those lipids clustered in sphingomyelin/cholesterol/GM1 ganglioside (SM/chol/GM1)- and cholesterol (chol)-enriched domains, which presented a lower stiffness than the bulk membrane. Upon migration, cholesterol and sphingomyelin polarized at the front, forming cholesterol (chol)- and sphingomyelin/cholesterol (SM/chol)-enriched domains, while GM1-enriched domains polarized at the rear. A comparison of domain proportion suggested that SM/chol- and GM1-enriched domains originated from the SM/chol/GM1-coenriched domains found at resting state. Modulation of domain proportion (through cholesterol depletion, combined or not with actin polymerization inhibition, or sphingolipid synthesis inhibition) revealed that the higher the chol- and SM/chol-enriched domains, the higher the myoblast migration. At the front, chol- and SM/chol-enriched domains were found in proximity with F-actin fibers and the lateral mobility of sphingomyelin in domains was specifically restricted in a cholesterol- and cytoskeleton-dependent manner while domain abrogation impaired F-actin and focal adhesion polarization. Altogether, we showed the polarization of cholesterol and sphingomyelin and their clustering in chol- and SM/chol-enriched domains with differential properties and roles, providing a mechanism for the spatial and functional control of myoblast migration.
Image Evaluation Based on Region of Interest

Image quality assessment has broad applications in many fields, how to assess the quality of the image is an attractive research topic. In this paper, a ROIMDE method is proposed based on region of interest (ROI) and dual-scale edge structure similarity (SSIM), the quality assessment of the image is a weighted combination of ROI and non-ROI, the dual-scale edge structure similarity is used in ROI, and the classical structure similarity is applied in non-ROI. Experimental results show that, considering the influence of ROI, our model is more consistent with human subjective visual evaluation.
Band structure and fundamental optical transitions in wurtzite AlN

With a recently developed unique deep ultraviolet picoseconds time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy system and improved growth technique, we are able to determine the detailed band structure near the Γ point of wurtzite (WZ) AlN with a direct band gap of 6.12 eV. Combined with first-principles band structure calculations we show that the fundamental optical properties of AlN differ drastically from that of GaN and other WZ semiconductors. The discrepancy in energy band gap values of AlN obtained previously by different methods is explained in terms of the optical selection rules in AlN and is confirmed by measurement of the polarization dependence of the excitonic PL spectra.
Real-time plasmon resonance tuning of liquid Ga nanoparticles by in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry

Liquid Ga nanoparticles have been deposited on sapphire substrates at room temperature. The optical evolution of Ga nanoparticle surface plasmon resonance during deposition has been characterized by in situ real-time spectroscopic ellipsometry to control and tune the plasmon resonance photon energy. The existence of both longitudinal and transverse modes for spheroidal Ga nanoparticles supported on a sapphire substrate is demonstrated and the dependence of the longitudinal and transverse plasmon energies on particle size is discussed. Stability of the Ga surface plasmon resonance to air exposure and high temperature is also demonstrated.
Volatility and time series econometrics: essays in honor of Robert Engle

important for the applied statistician. On the other hand, I think that the reader should expect to not be misled especially when it comes to such matters. In my opinion, the book is a lot more suitable for the reader who already knows something about time series than as an introduction to time series analysis. Despite these shortcomings, I genuinely liked the book. The wide range of examples and the scope of models and methods covered ensure that the book covers anybody’s basic needs as well as showing where we might move to next. Knowing a little about time series and using R regularly, I learned quite a bit and found the large variety of examples are very inspiring. I think it is highly suitable as a book for anyone with some knowledge of time series and of R, and I also think that it will be useful as a supplementary textbook for introductory courses on time series.
Mixture Models and the Krätzel Integral Transform

Continuous mixture Weibull models arise in many areas of sciences such as reliability studies, communications theory, etc. Due to its wide applicability, we introduce a class of continuous mixture Weibull models which is a combination of Weibull and generalized gamma distributions. Some characteristics of the distribution are obtained. It is seen that Krätzel integral enters into the model naturally, and then the model can be called as a Krätzel density. Applications of the density function related to fading channels and ultrasonic backscatter signals modeling are discussed. A real data analysis is given to illustrate the use of this distribution.
Audio signal recognition for speech, music, and environmental sounds

Human listeners are very good at all kinds of sound detection and identification tasks, from understanding heavily accented speech to noticing a ringing phone underneath music playing at full blast. Efforts to duplicate these abilities on computer have been particularly intense in the area of speech recognition, and it is instructive to review which approaches have proved most powerful, and which major problems still remain. The features and models developed for speech have found applications in other audio recognition tasks, including musical signal analysis, and the problems of analyzing the general ‘‘ambient’’ audio that might be encountered by an auditorily endowed robot. This talk will briefly review statistical pattern recognition for audio signals, giving examples in several of these domains. Particular emphasis will be given to common aspects and lessons learned.
Consideration of sample dimension for ultrasonic levitation

To study ultrasonic levitation, a high-intensity ultrasound field was generated in air by a new type of sound source using a stepped circular vibrating plate, and the sound pressure level was obtained up to 168 dB at a frequency of 20 kHz. This sound source was equipped with a reflecting plate. It was set in a 1-G environment, and the frequency could be changed by the different plates used. Several shapes of samples were inserted in the sound field, and the sample dimension was varied. As a result, the samples were levitated at the sound pressure nodes and the minimum threshold of sound pressure required for levitating the samples was found to be proportional to sample density, and was also inversely proportional to the ultrasound frequency used. The sample dimension was found to influence the sound pressure. <<ETX>>
Low-tech approaches for sustainability: key principles from the literature and practice

Abstract Low-tech approaches have come to the fore in the last few years, mainly in opposition to the techno-optimistic model proposed to solve current and future environmental crises. However, low-tech thinking is multifaceted, making the concept potentially rich but also vague. This article develops a seven-principle framework to categorize low-tech concepts based on an abductive approach which included a literature review and interviews with low-tech actors. Principle occurrence was assessed among the authors and interviewees. The results demonstrate that the low-tech movement entails more than a shift to robust and less-consumptive technical artifacts. While resource efficiency and material reuse are important traits of low-tech approaches, technical appropriation is the most frequently cited key principle in the literature and by the actors. This delineation into several principles can help to differentiate low-tech from other sustainability concepts related to resource conservation such as frugal innovations and circular economy. We aim in this article to open a discussion about the ways low-tech proponents are seeking to introduce transformative development pathways to sustainability.
On First-Come First-Served Versus Random Service Discipline in Multiclass Closed Queueing Networks

We consider multiclass closed queueing networks. For these networks, a lot of work has been devoted to characterizing and weakening the conditions under which a product-form solution is obtained for the steady-state distribution. From this work, it is known that, under certain conditions, all networks in which each of the stations has either the first-come first-served or the random service discipline lead to the same (product-form expressions for the) steady-state probabilities of the (aggregated) states that for each station and each job class denote the number of jobs in service and the number of jobs in the queue. As a consequence, all these situations also lead to the same throughputs for the different job classes. One of the conditions under which these equivalence results hold states that at each station all job classes must have the same exponential service time distribution. In this paper, it is shown that these equivalence results can be extended to the case with different exponential service times for jobs of different classes, if the network consists of only one single-server or multiserver station. This extension can be made despite of the fact that the network is not a product-form network anymore in that case. The proof is based on the reversibility of the Markov process that is obtained under the random service discipline. By means of a counterexample, it is shown that the extension cannot be made for closed network with two or more stations.
Adaptive Control With Convex and Saturation Constraints

This paper applies retrospective cost adaptive control (RCAC) to command following in the presence of multivariable convex input saturation constraints. To account for the saturation constraint, we use convex optimization to minimize the quadratic retrospective cost function. The use of convex optimization bounds the magnitude of the retrospectively optimized input and thereby influences the controller update to satisfy the control bounds. This technique is applied to a tiltrotor with constraints on the total thrust magnitude and inclination of the rotor plane.Copyright © 2013 by ASME
A new look at rank tests in ordered-2×k contingency tables

We consider testing for association in contingency tables with 2 rows and k columns, where the columns represent ordered categories. If the rows are treatments and the columns are outcomes, this may be treated as a two-sample problem with all the outcomes tied at one of only k values. Then rank tests may be applied even without knowing the values. Some special considerations apply, however, and the most usual rank tests may not be the best ones. We use a graphical technique to compare the properties of various rank tests.
VELOCITY GRADIENT DISTRIBUTIONS IN FULLY DEVELOPED TURBULENCE : AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

We report measurements of the probability distribution function of the velocity derivatives, and the corresponding hyperflatness factors, up to order 6, as a function of the microscale Reynolds number Rλ. The measurements are performed in a flow produced between counter-rotating disks, using low-temperature helium gas as the working fluid, in a range of microscale Reynolds numbers lying between 150 and 2300. Consistently with previous studies, a transitional behavior is found around Rλ≈700. We determine a simple scaling law, in terms of Rλ, which allows the collapse of the tails of the pdf of the velocity derivatives onto a single curve, below the transition. We find well-defined relative power laws for the hyperflatness factors Hp and Hp*, throughout the entire range of variation of Rλ: H4=F=(0.99±0.05)H60.376±0.015 and H5*=(0.95±0.05)H60.67±0.022. These results are compared to those of previous investigators and to various theoretical approaches both statistical (multifractal model) and structural (i.e.
A NEW REFERENCING METHOD FOR THE ARRAY ON-THE-FLY OBSERVATION

In this paper, we suggest a new referencing method for the array On-The-Fly(OTF) observations in radio astronomy. To reduce the baseline residual, we have proposed and evaluated a new referencing method which uses the source free regions in the observed frame as references. These new references have small t and x, the time and position differences between the source and the references, and the systematic problems w~re improved by using this new referencing method. The curved baseline residuals were straightened and the rms was reduced to 17 mK. This new referencing method is expected not only to make possible to take more stable data for the array OTF observation of external galaxies but also to save the observation and data reduction time.
Guaranteed recursive nonlinear state estimation using interval analysis

The problem considered is state estimation in the presence of unknown state and measurement noise, each noise component being assumed to belong to some known interval. In such a bounded-error context, most available results are for linear models, and the purpose of the present paper is to deal with the nonlinear case. Based on interval analysis and the notion of set inversion, a new state estimator is presented, which evaluates a set estimate guaranteed to contain all values of the state that are consistent with the available observations, given the noise bounds and a set containing the initial value of the state. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that such a guaranteed estimator is made available. The precision of the set estimate can be improved, at the cost of more computation. The theoretical properties of the estimator are studied, and computer implementation has received special attention. A simple illustrative example is treated.
Are Connectionist Models Theories of Cognition

This paper explores the question of whether connectionist models of cognition should be considered to be scientific theories of the cognitive domain. It is argued that in traditional scientific theories, there is a fairly close connection between the theoretical (unobservable) entities postulated and the empirical observations accounted for. In connectionist models, however, hundreds of theoretical terms are postulated -- viz., nodes and connections -- that are far removed from the observable phenomena. As a result, many of the features of any given connectionist model are relatively optional. This leads to the question of what, exactly, is learned about a cognitive domain modelled by a connectionist network.
Optical observations of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko with the Nordic Optical Telescope - Comet activity before the solar conjunction

Context. 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) is a short-period Jupiter-family comet that was chosen as a target for the Rosetta mission by the European Space Agency (ESA). Monitoring of 67P with the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT; La Palma, Spain) intends to aid this mission by providing ground-based reference information about the overall activity of the target and its astrometric position before the rendezvous. One motivation for our observations was to monitor sudden major increases in activity because they might have affected the Rosetta mission planning. None were observed. Ground-based photometric observations register the global activity of the comet, while the Rosetta spacecraft mostly measures local events. These data combined can lead to new insights into the comet behavior. Aims. The aim of this work is to perform the photometric and the astrometric monitoring of comet 67P with the NOT and to compare the results with the latest predictions for its position and activity. A new method of fitting extended-source components to the target surface brightness distribution was developed and applied to the data to estimate the size and contribution of the coma to the total brightness of the target. Methods. Comet 67P was monitored by the NOT in service mode during the period between 12.5. 2013 and 11.11. 2014. The very first observations were performed in the V band alone, but in the latest observations, the R band was used as well to estimate the color and nature of activity of the target. We applied a new method for estimating the coma size by deconvolving the point spread function profile from the image, which used Markov chain Monte Carlo and Bayesian statistics. This method will also be used for coma size estimations in further observations after the solar conjunction of 67P. Results. Photometric magnitudes in two colors were monitored during the period of observations. At the end of April 2014, the beginning of activity was observed. In late September 2014, a minor dip in cometary activity was measured. Otherwise, the activity of the comet was close to the expected values. For some of the observations, we were able to determine limits for the physical size and brightness of the coma by studying the surface brightness distribution of the target. The astrometric calibration results we obtained were consistent with the predictions of the ephemerides of the Minor Planet Center, but at the moment these results are superseded with the more precise astrometric data from the Rosetta spacecraft.
Quantum well wires: electrical and optical properties

Quantum theoretical results on electrical and optical properties of quantum well wires (QWW) are described under strong quantum confinement conditions when acoustic phonon, point defect or alloy scattering is enhanced, and ionised-impurity scattering is suppressed. A quantum size resonance is expected to take place when the energy of a photon polarised perpendicular to the wire is equal to the spacing between the quantised energy levels. The linewidth is shown to be proportional to ( lambda D2/A) tau b, where lambda D is the de Broglie wavelength of an electron. A is the confinement area, and tau b is the bulk relaxation time. A quantum freeze-out of confined carriers is expected to induce a semimetal-semiconductor transition in semimetallic thin wires.
Anisotropy in MHD turbulence due to a mean magnetic field

The development of anisotropy in an initially isotropie spectrum is studied numerically for two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. The anisotropy develops through the combined effects of an externally imposed d.c. magnetic field and viscous and resistive dissipation at high wavenumbers. The effect is most pronounced at high mechanical and magnetic Reynolds numbers. The anisotropy is greater at the higher wavenumbers.
Integration of view planning with nonuniform surface sampling techniques for three-dimensional object inspection

Optimizing view planning achieves the goal of minimum occlusion and minimum rotation to insure complete inspection of an object, and not only satisfies the goal of view planning, but also automatically maximizes the number of surfaces to which adaptive sampling can most fully be applied. The best view based on visible edge length can usually not only minimize the number of rotations needed to inspect an entire object, but can also provide the maximum amount of information for integration with nonuniform sampling techniques for a variety of parts and manufacturing processes. This new integration approach of first viewing then sampling establishes that the optimization criterion of maximum edge length is more robust than anticipated in its original role for view planning alone. The best view based on the number of visible faces and the face area has proven applicable to integrating the finite element (FEM) centroid sampling and indirect adaptive sampling techniques, respectively, for the inspection of sculptured surface products. Experimental work has verified various theories proposed. The verified view planning criteria include both the edge length and the number of visible faces criterion. Of them, the number of visible faces criterion not only maximizes the number of visible meshes for centroid sampling, but also reveals the maximum amount of high curvature regions of an object.