Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sectoral Analysis of Malaysian Companies’ CSR Initiatives for Organisational Risk Management

The term "Corporate Social Responsibility" (CSR), which has been used in the business sector for some time, is usually used to refer to a collection of initiatives designed to boost a company's public relations efforts and thereby improve its reputation. Globalization offers advantages to businesses, but it also brings with it new dangers and unstable conditions. As businesses grow more dependent and vulnerable, there is more uncertainty in corporate decision-making. Since of this interconnectedness, new risk management strategies are required because inexperienced players have developed. This study investigates the relationship between CSR and organisat ional risk management practises among Malaysia’s publicly listed firms. An exploratory content analysis was conducted for this study on the annual and sustainability reports of the 91 Malaysian listed PLCs from year 2004 to 2021. From a broad viewpoint, the results of this study indicate that Malaysian organisations have steadily adopted organisational risk management methods during the allotted time period, along with the expansion of CSR activities. To gain a deeper knowledge of this link, this study also reveals the industrial breakdown analysis in greater detail. This study shows that CSR practises and organisational risk management practises are on the rise in Malaysia. This upward trend may indicate a tendency toward higher CSR performance to counteract any anticipated or unanticipated organisational risk signals.
Rupture Propagation Imaging at Microseismic Scale

In this contribution we adopt two techniques from global seismology for imaging the rupture process of a synthetic rupture within a reservoir model of microseismic scale. We implement the Back Projection Imaging and the P wave Polarization Analysis methods and apply them to a synthetic setup similar to the Basel 1 Geothermal Reservoir, Switzerland. We use a finite-difference code to model wave field and seismograms. Our setups show that we can retrieve rupture direction, duration and speed for a 200m, horizontal, unilateral rupture corresponding to a magnitude 3.4 event, for an azimuthal well distributed seismic network and with reduced resolution for a network of poorer coverage alike.
How iceberg calving and grounding change the circulation and hydrography in the Filchner Ice Shelf‐Ocean System

The formation of bottom water in the southern Weddell Sea is strongly influenced by the flow of Ice Shelf Water (ISW) out of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf cavity. The breakout of three giant icebergs in 1986 and their grounding on the shallow Berkner Bank modified the circulation and water mass formation in the Filchner Trough and the adjacent sea areas. Hydrographic measurements along the Filchner Ice Shelf front, carried out with RV Polarstern in 1995, show significant changes in the water mass characteristics and flow patterns in the Filchner Trough in comparison to measurements from the early 1980s. Changes in the trough will affect the flow over the sill to the deep Weddell Abyssal Plain. We combine a three-dimensional ocean circulation model with conductivity-temperature-depth and stable isotope measurements to investigate the details of the circulation in front of and beneath the Filchner Ice Shelf. We assess the impact of stranded icebergs and a more southerly ice shelf front position caused by a 1986 iceberg calving event on the circulation and observed water mass properties. Results indicate variations of the flow pattern in the Filchner Trough and on Berkner Bank, where High-Salinity Shelf Water, the feedstock for ISW, is produced. The calving and grounding impacts illustrate the sensitivity of the ice shelf-ocean system to perturbations in local bathymetric settings.
Assessing N2O Emissions from Tropical Crop Cultivation in Mineral and Peatland Soils: A Review

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural activities contribute significantly to global warming. Understanding the factors influencing N2O emissions is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies. This review assesses N2O emissions from various crops cultivated in tropical mineral and peatland soils, providing insights into the impact of land use, fertilization practices and rainfall on N2O fluxes. Field measurements of N2O fluxes were conducted in agricultural fields growing corn, peanuts, and cassava in Bogor Regency, West Java Province, as well as in peatland areas with Acacia plantations and natural primary forests in Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province. The study assesses the total N2O fluxes for each crop and land type, revealing significant variations in N2O emissions among different crops and land uses. Peatland areas exhibit higher emissions compared to mineral soils, emphasizing the need for targeted mitigation measures in these ecosystems. The findings highlight the importance of considering the type and age of land use when evaluating N2O emissions. Land management practices, such as fertilizer use and soil disturbance, emerge as critical factors affecting N2O emissions. Improper fertilizer application and excessive soil disturbance can lead to increased N2O emissions, underscoring the necessity for careful N fertilizer management and conservation tillage techniques.
Overcoming The Uncanny Valley Through Shared Stressful Experience with a Humanoid Robot

Previous research has shown that people sometimes feel uncomfortable in the presence of objects that appear almost, but not quite, human-like. This phenomenon, known as the Uncanny Valley effect, may present an impediment to the widespread acceptance of humanoid robots in everyday life, e.g. as school teachers, nurses, nannies, or clerks. It is therefore important for the field of human-robot interaction to identify ways in which the Uncanny Valley effect can be overcome. The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that sharing a stressful experience with a robot may serve to establish rapport with that specific robot, leading to a boost in people’s willingness to interact with the robot. To this end, we conducted an experiment in which participants underwent a pleasant experience with one virtual agent and a mildly stressful experience with a second virtual agent (the Induction Phase). Next (the Test Phase), they carried out a new series of tasks, before each of which they selected one virtual agent (either one of the two familiar agents or one of two unfamiliar agents) to be their partner for that task. The results indicate that participants chose to partner with the virtual agent with whom they had shared the stressful experience more often than the virtual agent with whom they had shared the pleasant experience, and more often than either of the other two agents. This finding, as well as the results of questionnaires that were administered at the end of the experiment, support the hypothesis that shared stressful experiences help overcome the Uncanny Valley effect.
On the seasonal response of the thermosphere and ionosphere to geomagnetic storms

Ionosonde observations have provided the data to build a picture of the response of the midlatitude ionosphere to a geomagnetic storm. The particular characteristic of interest is the preference for “negative storms” (decrease in the peak electron density, NmF2) in summer and “positive storms” (increase in NmF2) in winter. A three-dimensional, time-dependent model of the coupled thermosphere and ionosphere is used to explain this dependence. During the driven phase of a geomagnetic storm the two main magnetospheric energy sources to the upper atmosphere (auroral precipitation and convective electric field) increase dramatically. Auroral precipitation increases the ion density and conductivity of the upper atmosphere; the electric field drives the ionosphere and, through collisions, forces the thermosphere into motion and then deposits heat via Joule dissipation. The global wind response is divergent at high latitudes in both hemispheres. Vertical winds are driven by the divergent wind field and carry molecule-rich air to higher levels. Once created, the “composition bulge” of increased mean molecular mass is transported by both the storm-induced and background wind fields. The storm winds imposed on the background circulation do not have a strong seasonal dependence, and this is not necessary to explain the observations. Numerical computations suggest that the prevailing summer-to-winter circulation at solstice transports the molecule-rich gas to mid and low latitudes in the summer hemisphere over the day or two following the storm. In the winter hemisphere, poleward winds restrict the equatorward movement of composition. The altered neutral-chemical environment in summer subsequently depletes the F region midlatitude ionosphere to produce a “negative storm”. In winter midlatitudes a decrease in molecular species, associated with downwelling, persists and produces the characteristic “positive storm”.
Transcriptional signature of islet neogenesis-associated protein peptide-treated rat pancreatic islets reveals induction of novel long non-coding RNAs

Background Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with loss of β-cell function and mass. An attractive therapeutic approach to treat patients with diabetes in a non-invasive way is to harness the innate regenerative potential of the pancreas. The Islet Neogenesis-Associated Protein pentadecapeptide (INGAP-PP) has been shown to induce β-cell regeneration and improve their function in rodents. To investigate its possible mechanism of action, we report here the global transcriptional effects induced by the short-term INGAP-PP in vitro treatment of adult rat pancreatic islets. Methods and findings Rat pancreatic islets were cultured in vitro in the presence of INGAP-PP for 4 days, and RNA-seq was generated from triplicate treated and control islet samples. We performed a de novo rat gene annotation based on the alignment of RNA-seq reads. The list of INGAP-PP-regulated genes was integrated with epigenomic data. Using the new gene annotation generated in this work, we quantified RNA-seq data profiled in INS-1 cells treated with IL1β, IL1β+Calcipotriol (a vitamin D agonist) or vehicle, and single-cell RNA-seq data profiled in rat pancreatic islets. We found 1,669 differentially expressed genes by INGAP-PP treatment, including dozens of previously unannotated rat transcripts. Genes differentially expressed by the INGAP-PP treatment included a subset of upregulated transcripts that are associated with vitamin D receptor activation. Supported by epigenomic and single-cell RNA-seq data, we identified 9 previously unannotated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) upregulated by INGAP-PP, some of which are also differentially regulated by IL1β and vitamin D in β-cells. These include Ri-lnc1, which is enriched in mature β-cells. Conclusions Our results reveal the transcriptional program that could explain the enhancement of INGAP-PP-mediated physiological effects on β-cell mass and function. We identified novel lncRNAs that are induced by INGAP-PP in rat islets, some of which are selectively expressed in pancreatic β-cells and downregulated by IL1β treatment of INS-1 cells. Our results suggest a relevant function for Ri-lnc1 in β-cells. These findings are expected to provide the basis for a deeper understanding of islet translational results from rodents to humans, with the ultimate goal of designing new therapies for people with diabetes.
Oxygen and Carbon Isotope Study of Calcite and Dolomite in the Disseminated Au‐Ag Telluride Bulawan Deposit, Negros Island, Philippines

Abstract: The disseminated Au‐Ag telluride Bulawan deposit, Negros island, Philippines, is hosted by dacite porphyry breccia pipes which formed in a Middle Miocene dacite porphyry stock. Electrum and Au‐Ag tellurides occur mostly as grains intergrown with or filling voids between sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena and tennantite. Calcite, quartz and rare dolomite are the principal gangue minerals. Four types of alteration were recognized in the deposit, namely; propylitic, K‐feldspar‐sericitic, sericitic and carbonate alteration. Carbonate alteration is correlatable to the gold deposition stage and occurs mostly along fault zones.
A Comparison of Radiation Budgets in the Fram Strait Summer Marginal Ice Zone

Abstract Measurements of surface radiation fluxes and meteorological conditions collected in the Fram Strait during the summer 1984 Marginal Ice Zone Experiment (MIZEX) are presented and analyzed. These data were combined with calculations from a radiative transfer model to estimate surface and atmospheric moan radiation budgets on a daily basis and for the early summer season over both sea ice and open water in the marginal ice zone (MIZ). Intensities of solar and infrared fluxes within the atmospheric column, radiative properties of Arctic stratus, and atmospheric cooling rates due to the net loss of radiation were computed by the model. Results show significant differences between the radiation budgets of sea-ice and open-water regimes in the MIZ. Fluxes averaged over the experimental period (16 June to 10 July) indicate that the atmosphere-open water system gained approximately 60 W m−2, while the atmosphere-ice regime was nearly in equilibrium. The open water absorbed twice as much radiation as did t.
Severe nomophobia is a predictor of poor road safety among motorists

PurposeUsing a mobile phone is increasingly becoming recognized as very dangerous while driving. With a smartphone, users feel connected and have access to information. The inability to access smartphone has become a phobia, causing anxiety and fear. The present study’s aims are as follows: first, quantify the association between nomophobia and road safety among motorists; second, determine a cut-off value for nomophobia that would identify poor road safety so that interventions can be designed accordingly.Design/methodology/approachParticipants were surveyed online for nomophobia symptoms and a recent history of traffic contraventions. Nomophobia was measured using the nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q). FindingsA total of 1731 participants responded to the survey; the mean age was 33 ± 12, and 43% were male. Overall, 483 (28%) [26–30%] participants received a recent traffic contravention. Participants with severe nomophobia showed a statistically significant increased risk for poor road safety odds ratios and a corresponding 95% CI of 4.64 [3.35-6.38] and 4.54 [3.28-6.29] in crude and adjusted models, respectively. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC)-based analyses revealed that NMP-Q scores of = 90 would be effective for identifying at risk drivers with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 61%, 75% and 72%, respectively.Originality/valueNomophobia symptoms are quite common among adults. Severe nomophobia is associated with poor road safety among motorists. Developing screening and intervention programs aimed at reducing nomophobia may improve road safety among motorists.
Direct pore-based identification for fingerprint matching process

: Fingerprints are one of the most important scientific proof instruments in solving forensic cases. Identification in fingerprints consists of three levels based on the flow direction of the papillary lines at the first level, the minutiae points at the second level, and the pores at the third level. The inadequacy of existing imaging systems in detecting fingerprints and the lack of pore details at the desired level limit the widespread use of third-level identification. The fact that fingerprints with images based on pores in the unsolved database are not subjected to any evaluation criteria and remain in the database reveals the importance of the study to be carried out. In this study, different from classical fingerprint identification methods, a direct pore-based identification system for fingerprint matching is proposed with the dataset created by using the Docucenter Nirvis device and Projectina Image Acquisition-7000 software as a hyperspectral imaging system where pores were visualized more clearly. Although diﬀicult from an operational perspective, the pores in the 800 fingerprints in the database were manually marked for the accuracy of the results. Next, by using a scoring based on iterative closest point algorithm, latent fingerprints were found. Results suggest that the higher the number of pores examined and the more accurately the pores were marked, the higher the hit score. At the same time, query results showed that the scores of other sequential fingerprints in the database which came after the matching fingerprint were even lower.
SDbQfSum: Query‐focused summarization framework based on diversity and text semantic analysis

Query‐focused multi‐document summarization (Qf‐MDS) is a sub‐task of automatic text summarization that aims to extract a substitute summary from a document cluster of the same topic and based on a user query. Unlike other summarization tasks, Qf‐MDS has specific research challenges including the differences and similarities across related document sets, the high degree of redundancy inherent in the summaries created from multiple related sources, relevance to the given query, topic diversity in the produced summary and the small source‐to‐summary compression ratio. In this work, we propose a semantic diversity feature based query‐focused extractive summarizer (SDbQfSum) built on powerful text semantic representation techniques underpinned with Wikipedia commonsense knowledge in order to address the query‐relevance, centrality, redundancy and diversity challenges. Specifically, a semantically parsed document text is combined with knowledge‐based vectorial representation to extract effective sentence importance and query‐relevance features. The proposed monolingual summarizer is evaluated on a standard English dataset for automatic query‐focused summarization tasks, that is, the DUC2006 dataset. The obtained results show that our summarizer outperforms most state‐of‐the‐art related approaches on one or more ROUGE measures achieving 0.418, 0.092 and 0.152 in ROUGE‐1, ROUGE‐2, and ROUGE‐SU4 respectively. It also attains competitive performance with the slightly outperforming system(s), for example, the difference between our system's result and best system in ROUGE‐1 is just 0.006. We also found through the conducted experiments that our proposed custom cluster merging algorithm significantly reduces information redundancy while maintaining topic diversity across documents.
Petrophysical Analysis Based on Well Logging Data for Tight Carbonate Reservoir: The SADI Formation Case in Halfaya Oil Field

Carbonate reservoirs are an essential source of hydrocarbons worldwide, and their petrophysical properties play a crucial role in hydrocarbon production. Carbonate reservoirs' most critical petrophysical properties are porosity, permeability, and water saturation. A tight reservoir refers to a reservoir with low porosity and permeability, which means it is difficult for fluids to move from one side to another. This study's primary goal is to evaluate reservoir properties and lithological identification of the SADI Formation in the Halfaya oil field. It is considered one of Iraq's most significant oilfields, 35 km south of Amarah. The Sadi formation consists of four units: A, B1, B2, and B3. Sadi A was excluded as it was not filled with hydrocarbons. The structural and petrophysical models were built based on data gathered from five oil wells. The data from the available well logs, including RHOB, NPHI, SONIC, Gamma-ray, Caliper, and resistivity logs, was used to calculate the petrophysical properties. These logs were analyzed and corrected for environmental factors using IP V3.5 software. where the average formation water resistivity (Rw = 0.04), average mud filtrate resistivity (Rmf = 0.06), and Archie's parameters (m = 2, n = 1.9, and a = 1) were determined. The well-log data values calculated the porosity, permeability, water saturation, and net-to-gross thickness ratio (N/G).
Effect of a shallow low-viscosity zone on the formation of midplate swells

This study uses a finite element numerical method to analyze the effect of a low-viscosity zone on convection driven by heating from below in the upper mantle. A swell results from the surface expression of the convection cell. The viscosity structure of the upper mantle has been approximated by three layers consisting of a conducting lid which overlies a low-viscosity layer which in turn overlies a constant viscosity layer extending to the base of the upper mantle. The low-viscosity zone causes the top boundary layer of the convection cell to thin, and at high viscosity contrasts and Rayleigh numbers, it can cause the boundary layer to go unstable. The low-viscosity zone also alters the response of the surface observables to the temperature anomalies. In particular, it mitigates the transmission of normal stress to the conducting lid so that the topography and geoid anomalies decrease. The geoid anomaly decreases faster than the topography anomaly, however, so that the depth of compensation can appear to be well within the conducting lid. Because the boundary layer is thinned, the elastic plate thickness also decreases, and since the low viscosity allows the fluid to flow faster in the top layer, the uplift time decreases as well. We have compared the results of this modeling to data at the Hawaii, Bermuda, Cape Verde, and Marquesas swells and have found that it can reproduce their observed anomalies. The viscosity contrasts that are required range from 0.2 to 0.01 and decrease as the age of the swell increases. These magnitudes and the trend with age are consistent with theoretical and other estimates of the viscosity variation in the shallow upper mantle. Convective models can therefore explain the uplift and observed anomalies at midplate swells.
Validation and assimilation of Seasat altimeter wave heights using the WAM wave model

The mutual consistency of the Seasat global data sets of scatterometer winds and altimeter wave heights is investigated for the complete Seasat period using the third-generation wave model WAM. The wave model was driven by surface (1000 hPa) wind and surface stress fields constructed by the Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheres (GLA) by assimilation of the scatterometer winds in an atmospheric model. For the 10-day period September 7–17 the intercomparison was extended to two further scatterometer wind fields: a 1000-hPa assimilated wind field from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts and a subjectively analyzed 19.5-m-height surface wind field from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. On the global average, the modeled and observed wave heights agree reasonably well. Regional differences, however, can be large and sometimes exceed 40%. The errors are attributed mainly to deficiencies in the forcing wind fields. Low wind speeds are found to be overestimated and high wind speeds underestimated by the Seasat scatterometer algorithm. The friction velocities of the GLA model are found to be significantly underestimated in the high-wind belt of the southern hemisphere. The analysis demonstrates the diagnostic advantages of applying a wave model for the quality assessment of satellite wind and wave data. A preliminary wave data assimilation scheme is presented in which the wave field is updated without changing the forcing wind field. A considerable improvement of the computed wave field is achieved, particularly in regions in which the wave energy is dominated by swell. However, a more general assimilation scheme including modifications of the wind field is needed to upgrade wind sea forecasts.