Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Development of Fault Diagnosis Methodologies using Hierarchical Clustering and Small World Network Stratification

Many conventional fault diagnosis techniques do not effectively and efficiently use the available information and cannot achieve a satisfactory diagnosis in high dimensional real-world problems. In this paper, the fault diagnosis method using hierarchical clustering (HC) and small world (SW) networks stratification has been proposed to utilize the available information and trace up/downward based on event hierarchy and up/downstream along the physical network. As such, one can determine if certain diagnosis is applicable globally or more depends on the nature of events or locations; consequently the diagnostic uncertainty can be reduced. Duke energy distribution outage data are used to generate examples for the purpose of illustrating the motivation, necessity, implementation planning, and potential benefits of HC-SW stratification for power distribution system outage cause identification
Senior managers’ perceptions of the competencies they require for effective performance: implications for training and development

This study investigates whether there is a set of universal senior management competencies in the context of one large multi‐site service organisation. Four distinct work environments are identified and different lists of competencies are perceived to be important by managers working at the same grade (unit general manager or equivalent) in each of these environments. These findings are considered within the context of the debate about the utility of competency lists for management development.
Rent-Sharing and Wages: Evidence from Company and Establishment Panels

A central question in labor economics and macroeconomics is whether the textbook competitive model provides an adequate representation of the labor market. Using longitudinal data on companies and establishments, this article suggests that it may not. As predicted by rent-sharing models of the labor market, changes in profitability are shown to feed through into long-run changes in wages. These are not temporary wage effects and are not driven by the unionized workplaces in the data. The article's estimates imply that, for rent-sharing reasons alone, Lester's "range" of wages is approximately 16%.
Vertex-Frequency Analysis: A Way to Localize Graph Spectral Components [Lecture Notes]

Currently, brain and social networks are examples of new data types that are massively acquired and disseminated [1]. These networks typically consist of vertices (nodes) and edges (connections between nodes). Usually, information is conveyed through the strength of connection among nodes, but in recent years, it has been discovered that valuable information may also be conveyed in signals that occur on each vertex. However, traditional signal processing often does not offer reliable tools and algorithms to analyze such new data types. This is especially true for cases where networks (e.g., the strength of connections), or signals on vertices, have properties that change over the network.
Vascular pressure monitorization for necessity of vascular augmentation in a rat extended abdominal perforator flap model

In case blood perfusion compromises, vascular enhancement with arterial supercharge or venous superdrainage can increase viability of the flap. In this study, vascular pressure monitorization was used in a rat extended abdominal perforator flap model to reveal intraoperative vascular compromise and the need for vascular augmentation. A rat abdominal perforator flap was designed, which was based on the right second cranial perforator of epigastric artery. Vascular pressures of the flap were monitored continuously for 60 min, by catheters placed in the right superficial inferior epigastric artery and vein. Forty rats were divided into four experimental groups, as follows: group 1 (n = 10, no vascular augmentation), group II (n = 10, arterial supercharge), group III (n = 10, venous superdrainage), and group IV (n = 10, arterial and venous augmentation). Arterial supercharge and/or venous superdrainage were performed by using the left superficial inferior epigastric artery and vein. After the rats were sacrificed on the 7th day, total flap area and necrotic regions were evaluated. Mean arterial blood pressure was found significantly lower (P < 0.05) and mean venous blood pressure was measured significantly higher (P < 0.05) in group I than the groups II, III, and IV. Flap survival area was also larger in the groups II, III, and IV than the group I (P < 0.05). The results of this experimental study demonstrate that arterial insufficiency and venous congestion are almost always present in the rat extended abdominal perforator flap model, similar to deep inferior epigastric perforator flap. When such an extended perforator flap is used, arterial and venous pressure monitorization may be considered as a tool to support intraoperative clinical findings to reveal the need of vascular augmentation and ascertain flap viability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
Employer burden of mild, moderate, and severe major depressive disorder: mental health services utilization and costs, and work performance

Background: Treatment utilization/costs and work performance for persons with major depressive disorder (MDD) by severity of illness is not well documented. Methods: Using National Comorbidity Survey‐Replication (2001–2002) data, US workforce respondents (n=4,465) were classified by clinical severity (not clinically depressed, mild, moderate, severe) using a standard self‐rating scale [Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self‐Report (QIDS‐SR)]. Outcomes included 12‐month prevalence of medical services/medications use/costs and workplace performance. Treatment costs (employer's perspective) were estimated by weighing utilization measures by unit costs obtained for similar services used by MDD patients in claims data. Descriptive analysis across three severity groups generated χ2 results. Results: Using a sample of 539 US workforce respondents with MDD, 13.8% were classified mild, 38.5% moderate, and 47.7% severe cases. Mental health services usage, including antidepressants, increased significantly with severity, with average treatment costs substantially higher for severe than for mild cases both regarding mental health services ($697 vs. $388, χ2=4.4, P=.019) and antidepressants ($256 vs. $88, χ2=9.0, P=.001). Prevalence rates of unemployment/disability increased significantly (χ2=11.7, P=.003) with MDD severity (15.7, 23.3, and 31.3% for mild, moderate, and severe cases). Severely and moderately depressed workers missed more work than nondepressed workers; the monthly salary‐equivalent lost performance of $199 (severely depressed) and $188 (moderately depressed) was significantly higher than for nondepressed workers (χ2=10.3, P<.001). Projected to the US workforce, monthly depression‐related worker productivity losses had human capital costs of nearly $2 billion. Conclusions: MDD severity is significantly associated with increased treatment usage/costs, treatment adequacy, unemployment, and disability and with reduced work performance. Depression and Anxiety, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The reliability of an instrumented device for measuring components of the star excursion balance test.

BACKGROUND The Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) is a dynamic test that requires strength, flexibility, and proprioception and has been used to assess physical performance, identify chronic ankle instability, and identify athletes at greater risk for lower extremity injury. In order to improve the repeatability in measuring components of the SEBT, the Y Balance Test™ has been developed. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is to report the development and reliability of the Y Balance Test™. METHODS Single limb stance excursion distances were measured using the Y Balance Test™ on a sample of 15 male collegiate soccer players. Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) were used to determine the reliability of the test. RESULTS The ICC for intrarater reliability ranged from 0.85 to 0.91 and for interrater reliability ranged from 0.99 to 1.00. Composite reach score reliability was 0.91 for intrarater and 0.99 for interrater reliability. DISCUSSION This study demonstrated that the Y Balance Test™ has good to excellent intrarater and interrater reliability. The device and protocol attempted to address the common sources of error and method variation in the SEBT including whether touch down is allowed with the reach foot, where the stance foot is aligned, movement allowed of the stance foot, instantaneous measurement of furthest reach distance, standard reach height from the ground, standard testing order, and well defined pass/fail criteria. CONCLUSION The Y Balance Test™ is a reliable test for measuring single limb stance excursion distances while performing dynamic balance testing in collegiate soccer players.
Cumulative Head Impact Exposure Predicts Later-Life Depression, Apathy, Executive Dysfunction, and Cognitive Impairment in Former High School and College Football Players.

The term "repetitive head impacts" (RHI) refers to the cumulative exposure to concussive and subconcussive events. Although RHI are believed to increase risk for later-life neurological consequences (including chronic traumatic encephalopathy), quantitative analysis of this relationship has not yet been examined because of the lack of validated tools to quantify lifetime RHI exposure. The objectives of this study were: 1) to develop a metric to quantify cumulative RHI exposure from football, which we term the "cumulative head impact index" (CHII); 2) to use the CHII to examine the association between RHI exposure and long-term clinical outcomes; and 3) to evaluate its predictive properties relative to other exposure metrics (i.e., duration of play, age of first exposure, concussion history). Participants included 93 former high school and collegiate football players who completed objective cognitive and self-reported behavioral/mood tests as part of a larger ongoing longitudinal study. Using established cutoff scores, we transformed continuous outcomes into dichotomous variables (normal vs. impaired). The CHII was computed for each participant and derived from a combination of self-reported athletic history (i.e., number of seasons, position[s], levels played), and impact frequencies reported in helmet accelerometer studies. A bivariate probit, instrumental variable model revealed a threshold dose-response relationship between the CHII and risk for later-life cognitive impairment (p < 0.0001), self-reported executive dysfunction (p < 0.0001), depression (p < 0.0001), apathy (p = 0.0161), and behavioral dysregulation (p < 0.0001). Ultimately, the CHII demonstrated greater predictive validity than other individual exposure metrics.
Effects of Annealing Conditions on Mixed Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells and Their Thermal Stability Investigation

In this work, efficient mixed organic cation and mixed halide (MA0.7FA0.3Pb(I0.9Br0.1)3) perovskite solar cells are demonstrated by optimizing annealing conditions. AFM, XRD and PL measurements show that there is a better perovskite film quality for the annealing condition at 100 °C for 30 min. The corresponding device exhibits an optimized PCE of 16.76% with VOC of 1.02 V, JSC of 21.55 mA/cm2 and FF of 76.27%. More importantly, the mixed lead halide perovskite MA0.7FA0. 3Pb(I0.9Br0.1)3 can significantly increase the thermal stability of perovskite film. After being heated at 80 °C for 24 h, the PCE of the MA0.7FA0. 3Pb(I0.9Br0.1)3 device still remains at 70.00% of its initial value, which is much better than the control MAPbI3 device, where only 46.50% of its initial value could be preserved. We also successfully fabricated high-performance flexible mixed lead halide perovskite solar cells based on PEN substrates.
Management of Tinnitus Aurium with Lidocaine and Carbamazepine

At present there are two methods of management of tinnitus: one old, by masking with a noise generator, and one new, by biofeedback. Neither of these methods is convenient and neither gets at the heart of the problem. A third method, using intravenous lidocainet as a test and oral carbamazepine§ therapy, was developed in the Pain Clinic of the Auckland General Hospital in New Zealand. This paper will report our brief experience with these drugs in the management of tinnitus and other similar disorders.
Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity are normal in non‐diabetic subjects from maternal inheritance diabetes and deafness families

Background The pathophysiological mechanism of diabetes mellitus in the presence of the 3243 A‐G tRNALEU(UR) mitochondrial DNA mutation is thought to result from deficient insulin secretion. However, few subjects with normal glucose tolerance have been studied to determine the sequence of events resulting in the development of diabetes mellitus.
On the Determinants of Derivative Usage by Large Indian Non-financial Firms

Corporations in India, as in the rest of the world, use hedges to protect themselves against a quartet of exposures: swings in interest rates, commodity prices, foreign exchange rates and equity values. In the wake of the global financial crisis and significant losses on derivatives transactions announced by Indian companies recently, a study on the determinants of derivative usage by these companies is especially significant. This paper examines the factors which determine the usage of derivatives by large Indian non-financial companies. It is found that a total of 121 large Indian non-financial firms use derivatives. Taking 173 data points (49 companies in 2007, 68 companies in 2008, 56 companies in 2009) which have disclosed the derivative data in their annual reports, this study uses cross sectional panel data for three years from 2007 to 2009 and applies a multiple regression model. For this purpose, the firm-specific characteristics such as financial distress cost, underinvestment cost, multinationality, economies of scale, firm size and agency variables are regressed against the notional amount of derivatives reported for hedging activities. It is found that size is the major determinant of the derivative usage by large Indian non-financial companies.
The Youth Labour Market in Britain: The Role of Intervention

Preface and acknowledgements 1. Introduction 2. Demographic structure, capacity and economic activity 3. Supply to the youth labour market 4. Vocational and educational training in historical perspective 5. Direct government intervention: early schemes 6. The development of the modern system of youth training 7. The first stage in the vocational education and training sequence 8. Methodology of assessment 9. An assessment of the economic effects of the Youth Training Scheme upon employment and employers 10. Some macroeconomic effects of YTS 11. The skill attainments of YTS trainees in relation to the demand for skilled labour 12. The devolution of intervention and the movement towards quasi-markets 13. Some critics of the government's youth training intervention 14. Collaboration and opposition from trade unions 15. Results and conclusions Appendix. Resource endowment Notes Bibliography Index.
RESEARCH IN CONTEXT: PART OF A SPECIAL ISSUE ON ROOT BIOLOGY Lunisolar tidal force and the growth of plant roots, and some other of its effects on plant movements

† Background Correlative evidence has often suggested that the lunisolar tidal force, to which the Sun contributes 30 % and the Moon 60 % of the combined gravitational acceleration, regulates a number of features of plant growth upon Earth. The time scales of the effects studied have ranged from the lunar day, with a period of approx. 24.8 h, to longer, monthly or seasonal variations. † Scope We review evidence for a lunar involvement with plant growth. In particular, we describe experimental observations which indicate a putative lunar-based relationship with the rate of elongation of roots of Arabidopsis thaliana maintained in constant light. The evidence suggests that there may be continuous modulation of root elongation growth by the lunisolar tidal force. In order to provide further supportive evidence for a more general hypothesis of a lunisolar regulation of growth, we highlight similarly suggestive evidence from the time courses of (a) bean leaf movements obtained from kymographic observations; (b) dilatation cycles of tree stems obtained from dendrograms; and (c) the diurnal changes of wood –water relationships in a living tree obtained by reflectometry. † Conclusions At present, the evidence for a lunar or a lunisolar influence on root growth or, indeed, on any other plant system, is correlative, and therefore circumstantial. Although it is not possible to alter the lunisolar gravitational force experienced by living organisms on Earth, it is possible to predict how this putative lunisolar influence will vary at times in the near future. This may offer ways of testing predictions about possible Moon– plant relationships. As for a hypothesis about how the three-body system of Earth –Sun–Moon could interact with biological systems to produce a specific growth response, this remains a challenge for the future. Plant growth responses are mainly brought about by differential movement of water across protoplasmic membranes in conjunction with water movement in the super-symplasm. It may be in this realm of water movements, or even in the physical forms which water adopts within cells, that the lunisolar tidal force has an impact upon living growth systems.
Impact of Supply Chain Management and ERP on Organizational Performance and Competitive Advantage: Case of Tunisian Companies

Abstract Supply Chain Management (SCM) and Enterprise Resource Planning systems (ERP) are effective ways to achieve competitive advantage and improve organizational performance. This research investigates SCM and ERP systems dimensions and tests their relationships with competitive advantage and organizational performance. A survey is conducted on 216 Tunisian managers. Data are analyzed using principal components analysis and relationships are tested using linear regression. Results show the importance of SCM and ERP systems adoption. It reveals their positive impact on organizational performance and competitive advantage.
Governing Independence and Expertise: The Business of Housing Associations

1 Housing, Governing and History Introduction On Housing On Governing On History The Rest of the Book 2 The Story of the National Housing Federation: An Overview Beginnings: The Problem of the Slums 'A New Start': The Federation after the Second World War Transformations 1: The 1960s, 1970s and 1980s Transformations 2: Private Finance and Voluntary Transfer Conclusion 3 Unacceptable Boundaries of Charity Regulation Introduction Charity Law and the Housing Association Sector: A Historical Introduction Housing Associations Challenged The Housing Association Model and Third Sector Transformation Conclusion 4 Governing Locally: Housing Associations and Local Government Introduction The Technicalities of Governing Locally Nomination Agreements: Contestation and Partnership Stock Transfer Coercive Practices and the Recurring Problematic of Nominations Conclusion 5 Territorialising Regulation: Creating a National Regulatory Community Introduction Regulatory Space, Regulatory Territory Making the Housing Act 1974: Defining Territory A New Territory of Regulation Conclusion 6 Money Introduction Structuring Relations through the Language of Finance The Federation Intervenes The Impact of the Housing Act 1988: Reshaping Housing Associations Conclusion: Into the Future? 7 Shelter, the Federation and Social Movements Introduction The Formation of Shelter Challenging Homelessness: Housing Aid and the Homeless Persons Act 1977 Shelter and Housing Associations: A 'Movement' Moving Apart? Conclusion: Some Reflections on Being a 'Movement' 8 'Independent Spirit' Introduction Securing Independence States of Dependence Conclusion
Correlation of suicidal and violent behavior in different diagnostic categories in hospitalized adolescent patients.

OBJECTIVE To determine the relative importance of aggression and depression in adolescent suicide within different diagnostic categories. METHOD One hundred sixty-three consecutive admissions to an adolescent psychiatric inpatient unit were assessed using a semistructure diagnostic instrument, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children. Scores for depression, suicidal behaviors, and violent behaviors were calculated from this assessment. RESULTS Anorexia nervosa and conduct disorder patients had the highest suicidal behavior scores. In addition, patients with conduct disorder were significantly more violent than patients with major depressive disorder, and scores on the Violent Behavior Scale correlated with suicidal symptoms but not with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Aggression may be as important in some kinds of suicidal behaviors as is depression. Thus it seems that there are hypothetically at least two types of suicidal behaviors during adolescence: a wish to die (depression) and a wish not to be here for a time (impulse control). The first type of suicidal behavior characterizes that seen in disorders with prominent depression such as major depressive disorder and anorexia nervosa, and the second characterizes disorders of impulse control such as conduct disorder.
Pick ’n’ mix, select and project; policy borrowing and the quest for ‘world class’ schooling: an analysis of the 2010 schools White Paper

Education reform is increasingly portrayed as a quest to achieve a ‘world class’ education system through a process of identifying and adopting the practices of those systems whose pupils perform best in league tables of achievement. This is the rationale for the range of new policies proposed by the coalition government in the schools White Paper published in November 2010, which promotes whole-system reform in England. This article examines the White Paper and analyses the sources and nature of the evidence for reform and the congruence between the policy intentions and their associated policy actions. The analysis suggests that the evidence for the proposed reforms and policy actions is at best tenuous. Both the White Paper and its key sources of evidence are characterised by: a selective use of data: a propensity to mix and match the sources of comparison; and an overall tendency to employ comparisons with high-performing systems elsewhere as a façade to legitimate preferred policy options.
Belief Propagation over SISO/MIMO Frequency Selective Fading Channels

In this letter, we propose an iterative belief propagation (BP) channel detector (equalizer) over single-input single- output (SISO) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) frequency selective fading channels as an alternative to the typically used maximum a-posteriori (MAP) or maximum likelihood (ML) detectors. The proposed detector has a parallel structure, resulting in fast hardware implementations. Moreover, BP detector is less complex than the MAP detector and it has a short decoding delay. We analyze the bit error rate and the mutual information and show that, over frequency selective fading channels, the proposed BP detector achieves a near-optimal performance, even in the presence of the length 4 cycles in the corresponding channel factor graph.
Susceptibility of blood-derived monocytes and macrophages to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus

Permissiveness of blood-derived caprine monocytes to infection by caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus increased during in vitro cultivation and differentiation into macrophages, as evidenced by immunofluorescence and release of extracellular infectious virus. The degree of cell susceptibility to virus infection varied among individual goats, independent of age or breed. Caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection of macrophages in vitro resulted in no alteration of five characteristic functional activities.