Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design Thinking and Cognitive Science: An Exploratory Approach to Create Intellectual Capital with Decentralised Organisations

The significance of managing intellectual capital within organisations so as to be competitive in the digital age, combined with the distributed or discontinuous essence of geographically decentralised organisational forms, places enormous challenges on today’s business leaders who want to retain control of the knowledge created dispersedly. This analysis explores a cyber-humanistic approach to improve the effectiveness of interaction in distributed settings, based on individual cognitive preferences, addressing the management of intangible tacit knowledge to develop intellectual capital. We aligned elements of the Japanese Style of global organisational knowledge creation and Design Thinking to develop a context to identify cognitive values of a descentralized organisation style. It provides individuals and teams with the grounds to effectively function in order to produce quality work that can be assessed as capital. The improved interaction scheme aims to create intellectual capital, aligning staff personalities that are cognitively sympathetic improving information gathering and creating business value.
International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems Embodied Language Learning and Cognitive Bootstrapping : Methods and Design Principles

Co-development of action, conceptualization and social interaction mutually scaffold and support each other within a virtuous feedback cycle in the development of human language in children. Within this framework, the purpose of this article is to bring together diverse but complementary accounts of research methods that jointly contribute to our understanding of cognitive development and in particular, language acquisition in robots. Thus, we include research pertaining to developmental robotics, cognitive science, psychology, linguistics and neuro‐ science, as well as practical computer science and engineer‐ ing. The different studies are not at this stage all connected into a cohesive whole; rather, they are presented to illuminate the need for multiple different approaches that complement each other in the pursuit of understanding cognitive development in robots. Extensive experiments involving the humanoid robot iCub are reported, while human learning relevant to developmental robotics has also contributed useful results. Disparate approaches are brought together via common underlying design principles. Without claiming to model human language acquisition directly, we are nonetheless inspired by analogous development in humans and consequently, our investigations include the parallel codevelopment of action, conceptualization and social interaction. Though these different approaches need to ultimately be integrated into a coherent, unified body of knowledge, progress is currently also being made by pursuing individual methods. 1 Int J Adv Robot Syst, 2016, 13:105 | doi: 10.5772/63462
Shortest path and maximum flow problems in planar flow networks with additive gains and losses

In contrast to traditional flow networks, in additive flow networks, to every edge e is assigned a gain factor g(e) which represents the loss or gain of the flow while using edge e. Hence, if a flow f(e) enters the edge e and f(e) is less than the designated capacity of e, then f(e) + g(e) = 0 units of flow reach the end point of e, provided e is used, i.e., provided f(e) ! = 0. In this report we study the maximum flow problem in additive flow networks, which we prove to be NP-hard even when the underlying graphs of additive flow networks are planar. We also investigate the shortest path problem, when to every edge e is assigned a cost value for every unit flow entering edge e, which we show to be NP-hard in the strong sense even when the additive flow networks are planar.
White-Box Testing Framework for Object-Oriented Programming based on Message Sequence Specification

Software is a crucial element in the functionality of devices and industry. Likewise, the operation of an enterprise or organization depends largely on the reliability of the software systems used for supporting the business process or particular tasks. The quality of software has become the most important factor in determining the success of products or enterprises. In order to accomplish a quality software product several methodologies, techniques, and frameworks have been developed, each of them tailored to speciﬁc areas or characteristics of the software under review. This paper presents a white-box testing framework for Object-Oriented Programming based on Message Sequence Speciﬁcation. In the context of an object-oriented program, our framework can be used to test the correct order in which the methods of a class are invoked by its clients. The implementation of the framework is based on aspect-oriented programming.
Degenerate and non-degenerate ground states for Schrödinger operators

In the study of quantum mechanical energy operators, particular attention is paid to the question of whether the bottom of the spectrum is an eigenvalue and whether that eigenvalue is simple. The corresponding eigenvector is usually called the gound state. Throughout our discussion we will say that a self-adjoint operator H has no ground state degeneracy when either E inf spectrum H is not an eigenvalue or E is a simple eigenvalue. Our concern in this note will be SchrSdinger operators H -A V acting in where V is a suitable multiplication operator. When n 1 the lack of ground state degeneracy for a large class of V is classical theorem in the theory of ordinary differential equations. There is n rgument in Courant and Hilbert [4] concerning the case of general n. Implicit in their rguments are assumptions (about the regularity of nodes of any eigenvector) that seem difficult to prove for general V. (However, we should remark that a proof along the lines of Courant and Hilbert should be possible, especially if one uses Kato’s inequality [14].) The modern treatment of the non-degeneracy problem follows an idea of Glimm and Jaffe [11] in their study of quantum field models. They suggested applying theorems of PerronFrobenius [10, 17] type to exp(-tH). The applicability of these ideas to SchrSdinger operators was noted by Simon and HSegh-Krohn [23] and Faris (see [2]). It was discussed further in Faris [8], where the following general result appears.
Predicting the distributions of predator (snow leopard) and prey (blue sheep) under climate change in the Himalaya

Abstract Future climate change is likely to affect distributions of species, disrupt biotic interactions, and cause spatial incongruity of predator–prey habitats. Understanding the impacts of future climate change on species distribution will help in the formulation of conservation policies to reduce the risks of future biodiversity losses. Using a species distribution modeling approach by MaxEnt, we modeled current and future distributions of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) and its common prey, blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur), and observed the changes in niche overlap in the Nepal Himalaya. Annual mean temperature is the major climatic factor responsible for the snow leopard and blue sheep distributions in the energy‐deficient environments of high altitudes. Currently, about 15.32% and 15.93% area of the Nepal Himalaya are suitable for snow leopard and blue sheep habitats, respectively. The bioclimatic models show that the current suitable habitats of both snow leopard and blue sheep will be reduced under future climate change. The predicted suitable habitat of the snow leopard is decreased when blue sheep habitats is incorporated in the model. Our climate‐only model shows that only 11.64% (17,190 km2) area of Nepal is suitable for the snow leopard under current climate and the suitable habitat reduces to 5,435 km2 (reduced by 24.02%) after incorporating the predicted distribution of blue sheep. The predicted distribution of snow leopard reduces by 14.57% in 2030 and by 21.57% in 2050 when the predicted distribution of blue sheep is included as compared to 1.98% reduction in 2030 and 3.80% reduction in 2050 based on the climate‐only model. It is predicted that future climate may alter the predator–prey spatial interaction inducing a lower degree of overlap and a higher degree of mismatch between snow leopard and blue sheep niches. This suggests increased energetic costs of finding preferred prey for snow leopards – a species already facing energetic constraints due to the limited dietary resources in its alpine habitat. Our findings provide valuable information for extension of protected areas in future.
WT1 as an immunotherapy target for thymic epithelial tumors: a novel method to activate anti-tumor immunity

Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are family of rare cancers that exhibit diverse histology and variable clinical behavior (1). A significant fraction of patients, especially those with thymic carcinoma, have locally-advanced or metastatic disease at diagnosis that is often unresectable (1). Chemotherapy is associated with objective response rates (ORR) of 50–90% in the front-line setting, but limited benefit is observed in patients with recurrent disease (1,2). With few exceptions, biological agents have not demonstrated clinically meaningful activity in relapsed or refractory TETs (3). A low tumor mutation burden and paucity of actionable biological targets creates challenges for the development of targeted therapies for TETs (4,5). Hence, there is a pressing need to develop new treatments, especially for patients with advanced thymic carcinomas.
Diversity of Disorders Causing Neonatal Cholestasis – The Experience of a Tertiary Pediatric Center in Germany

Background and Objective: Rapidly establishing the cause of neonatal cholestasis is an urgent matter. The aim of this study was to report on the prevalence and mortality of the diverse disorders causing neonatal cholestasis in an academic center in Germany. Methods: Clinical chemistry and cause of disease were retrospectively analyzed in 82 infants (male n = 42, 51%) that had presented with neonatal cholestasis to a tertiary medical center from January 2009 to April 2013. Results: Altogether, 19 disorders causing neonatal cholestasis were identified. Biliary atresia was the most common diagnosis (41%), followed by idiopathic cases (13%), progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC, 10%), cholestasis in preterm infants (10%), α1AT deficiency, Alagille syndrome, portocaval shunts, mitochondriopathy, biliary sludge (all 2%), and others. Infants with biliary atresia were diagnosed with a mean age of 62 days, they underwent Kasai portoenterostomy ~66 days after birth. The majority of these children (~70%) received surgery within 10 weeks of age and 27% before 60 days. The 2-year survival with their native liver after Kasai procedure was 12%. The time span between Kasai surgery and liver transplantation was 176 ± 73 days. Six children (7%), of whom three patients had a syndromic and one a non-syndromic biliary atresia, died prior to liver transplantation. The pre- and post-transplant mortality rate for children with biliary atresia was ~12 and ~17%, respectively. Conclusion: Neonatal cholestasis is a severe threat associated with a high risk of complications in infancy and it therefore requires urgent investigation in order to initiate life saving therapy. Although in the last 20 years new causes such as the PFICs have been identified and newer diagnostic tools have been introduced into the clinical routine biliary atresia still represents the major cause.
Detecting object region and working state of aerator based on computer vision and machine learning

Aerator plays an important role in the regulation of dissolved oxygen in aquaculture. The development of computer vision technology provides an opportunity for realizing intelligent monitoring of aerator. Surveillance cameras have been widely used in aquaculture. Therefore, it is of great application value to detect the working state of the aerator with the existing surveillance cameras. In this paper, a method of object region detection and working state detection for aerator is presented. In the object region detection module, this paper proposes a method to detect the candidate region and then determine the object region, which combines the background modeling, the optical flow method and the maximum inter-class interval method. In the work state detection module, this paper proposes a novel method called reference frame Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (RF-KLT) algorithm, and constructs a classification procedure for the unlabeled time series data. The results of our study show that the accuracy of detecting object region and working state of aerator in the complex background is 100% and 99.9% respectively, and the detection speed is 77-333 frames per second (FPS) according to the different types of surveillance camera. Compared with various foreground detection algorithms and machine learning algorithms, our methods can realize on-line, real-time and high-accuracy detection of the object region and working state of aerator.
The F1Fo-ATP Synthase of Mycobacterium smegmatis Is Essential for Growth

ABSTRACT The F1Fo-ATP synthase plays an important role in a number of vital cellular processes in plants, animals, and microorganisms. In this study, we constructed a ΔatpD mutant of Mycobacterium smegmatis and demonstrated that atpD encoding the β subunit of the F1Fo-ATP synthase is an essential gene in M. smegmatis during growth on nonfermentable and fermentable carbon sources.
A Comparision of Genetic Mitochondrial Disease and Nucleoside Analogue Toxicity: Does Fetal Nucleoside Toxicity Underlie Reports of Mitochondrial Disease in Infants Born to Women Treated for HIV Infection?

Abstract: Recent reports of mitochondrial disease in infants whose mothers were treated in pregnancy with nucleoside analogues are of concern. Chronic nucleoside analogue treatment of adults has long been known to cause mitochondrial DNA depletion with the risk of multisystem disease. Combination nucleoside analogue treatment regimens may have the greatest risk of toxicity. This paper briefly presents the underlying biochemical etiologies and phenotypes of some common genetic mitochondrial diseases in order to provide a comparison with reports of infant toxicity. A standardized method for the diagnosis and evaluation of mitochondrial disease is discussed. A hypothesis, with predictions of the effects of antenatal nucleoside analogue treatment on the fetus, is presented and future directions for research on this problem are suggested.
Nimesulide and diclofenac inhibit lipopolysaccharide‐induced hypothermia and tumour necrosis factor‐α elevation in rats †

The effects of nimesulide and diclofenac on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced rectal temperature changes and serum tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α elevation were investigated in rats. LPS (Escherichia coli O111:B4; 50 µg/kg, intraperitoneally) produces a dual body temperature response, in which initial hypothermia precedes fever. Serum TNF‐α levels rise during the initial phase of the induced hypothermia. Nimesulide, a preferential inhibitor of cyclooxygenase‐2 (0.05, 0.5 or 1 mg/kg, subcutaneously) completely abolished the hypothermia, resulting in an acceleration of the fever phase. However, the peak and plateau phases of fever were not changed by nimesulide treatment. Nimesulide (0.5 mg/kg) partially prevented serum TNF‐α elevation. The non‐selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor diclofenac inhibited hypothermia at all doses tested (0.03, 0.3 or 3 mg/kg, subcutaneously) although fever was completely abolished at the 3 mg/kg dose only. Diclofenac also partially abolished the elevation in serum TNF‐α levels, but at the highest dose only (3 mg/kg). These data suggest that nimesulide and diclofenac can preferentially inhibit LPS‐induced hypothermia at doses that do not abolish fever in rats. Both these drugs also reduced elevated TNF‐α levels, a fact which may, at least partly, explain the antihypothermic effect of nimesulide.
LBASMPL: Load balancing adaptive scheduling with minimum packet loss in Wireless Mesh Network

With the enhancement in the wireless technology, the accessing quantity of mobile Internet has increased exponentially. According to the usage quantity of the mobile Internet, the demand of Quality of Service (QoS) is also increased. These type of applications requires high data rate. Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) is one of the best example for these type of services. For QoS in the WMNs we proposed a LBASMPL algorithm. It minimize the loss of the packets and send them in the priority manners. The Variable Load Index (VLI), Total Capacity (TC), Estimation of Delay (ED) are also calculated. The traffic is schedule according to Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA). Lower and Upper bound of the link on TC is also calculated. The traffic is load on the link according to priority. For scheduling this traffic matrix is generated. This proposed algorithm is used to minimize the packet loss at the routers and gateway.
High-value utilization of citrus peel: Efficient extraction of essential oil and preparation of activated carbon

This paper describes the high-value utilization of citrus peel waste, in which potassium carbonate (K2CO3) was used to assist the extraction of essential oils and served as the activating agent for the further preparation of activated carbons. A common alkali metal salt, K2CO3, was confirmed to be effective in promoting the extraction of essential oils from citrus peel. Compared to the 2.4 wt% extraction rate of essential oils obtained using regular steam distillation, a 6.2 wt% extraction rate was achieved when the citrus peel was pretreated with a K2CO3 solution. Meanwhile, its chemical composition remained stable, indicating that these additional essential oils can also be directly used in areas that have already been developed in the perfume industry. The solid residue collected after essential oil extraction was further used as the precursor for activated carbons. The specific surface area of activated carbons reached up to 1846 m2/g at a carbonization temperature of 800 ºC, and it exhibited a highly developed microporous structure.
Can We Predict Self-reported Customer Satisfaction from Interactions?

In the context of contact centers, customers’ satisfaction after a conversation with an agent is a critical issue which has to be collected in order to detect problems and improve quality of service. Automatically predicting customer satisfaction directly from system logs, without any survey or manual annotation is a challenging task of a great interest for the field of human-human conversation understanding and for improving contact center quality of service. Unlike previous studies that have focused on questions directly related to the content of a conversation, we look at a more general opinion about a service which is called the "Net Promoter Score" (NPS) where customers are considered either as promoters, detractors or neutral. On a very large corpus of chat-conversations with customer satisfaction surveys, we explore several classification scheme in order to achieve this prediction task, only using conversation logs.
What is a Lightweight Kernel?

Lightweight kernels (LWK) have been in use on the compute nodes of supercomputers for decades. Although many high-end systems now run Linux, interest in options and alternatives has increased in the last couple of years. Future extreme-scale systems require rethinking of the operating system, and modern LWKs may well play a role in the final solution. In the course of our research, it has become clear that no single definition for a lightweight kernel exists. This paper describes what we mean by the term and what makes LWKs different from other operating system kernels.
Face Detection Based on Depth Information Using HOG-LBP

Face detection is one of the key technology for face information recognition. Currently, face detection is mainly based on the RGB image, which might lead unexpected results when dealing with non-real 2-dimensional face, which printed on clothes and papers. This work proposes a face detection approach based on features of depth image. We used depth camera to obtain the raw depth data, and then mapped it to the 2D image combined with smooth image processing method to get the depth image. An improved HOG-LBP algorithm was designed to profiling the features of face depth, and SVM-light was used for machine learning. Finally, an online video face detection system was accomplished.
Personality & Emotional States: Understanding Users' Music Listening Needs

Music plays an important part in people’s lives to regulate their emotions throughout the day. We conducted an online user study to investigate how the emotional state relates to the use of emotionally laden music. We found among 359 participants that they in general prefer emotionally laden music that correspond with their emotional state. However, when looking at personality traits, different patterns occurred. We found that when in a negative emotional state, those who scored high on openness, extraversion, and agreeableness tend to cheer themselves up with happy music, while those who scored high on neuroticism tend to increase their worry with sad music. With our results we show general patterns of music usage, but also individual differences. Our results contribute to the improvement of applications such as recommender systems in order to provide tailored recommendations based on users’ personality and emotional state.
Priority Nutritional Concerns in Asia

The sustained economic growth and increasing economic stability in the Asian region over the last three decades have been accompanied by changing lifestyles leading to significant changes in the food and nutrition issues facing Asian countries. the chronic diseases associated with excessive consumption of nutrients, especially fat, are becoming increasingly apparent. At the same time, Asia has a disproportionate share of the malnutrition problem. Underweight and stunting remain significant problems in many Asian communities, and micronutrient deficiencies of iron, iodine, and vitamin A continue to afflict large population groups. Effective data collection and analysis are essential to formulate and implement intervention programs to address both sides of the changing nutrition scenario in Asia.
Development of an AC-DC transfer standard based on NbN/TiN/NbN programmable Josephson junction array

An ac-dc transfer measurement system based on a programmable Josephson voltage standard (PJVS) is being developed. Performance of the standard with dc and synthesized ac bias has been characterised. The first ac-dc transfer measurement results indicate agreement with conventional standards of the order of 1 muV/V at frequencies up to 40 Hz.