Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is X(3872) a molecule

We show that the literature on pion exchange between charm and bottom mesons is inconsistent. We derive the formalism explicitly, expose differences between papers in the literature, and clarify the implications. We show that the X(3872) can be a bound state but that results are very sensitive to a poorly constrained parameter. We confirm that bound states in the BB sector are possible. The circumstances whereby exotic combinations can bind with cc or bb quantum numbers are explored.
Monocular inertial indoor location algorithm considering point and line features

Compared with point features, line features in the environment have more structural information. When indoor texture is not rich, making full use of the structural information of line features can improve the robustness and accuracy of simultaneous location and mapping algorithm. In this paper, we propose an improved monocular inertial indoor location algorithm considering point and line features. Firstly, the point features and line features in the environment are extracted, matched and parameterized, and then the inertial sensor is used to estimate the initial pose, and the tightly coupled method is adopted to optimize the observation error of the point and line features and the measurement error of the inertial sensor simultaneously in the back optimization to achieve accurate estimation of the pose of unmanned aerial vehicle. Finally, loop closure detection and pose graph optimization are used to optimize the pose in real time. The test results on public datasets show that the location accuracy of the proposed method is superior to 10 cm under sufficient light and texture conditions. The angle measurement accuracy is better than 0.05 rad, and the output frequency of positioning results is 10Hz, which effectively improves the accuracy of traditional visual inertial location method and meets the requirements of real-time.
Role of Ion Channels in the Maintenance of Sperm Motility and Swimming Behavior in a Marine Teleost

In oviparous marine fishes, the hyperosmotic induction of sperm motility in seawater (SW) is well established, however, the potential function of ion channels in the maintenance of post activated spermatozoon swimming performance remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the influence of ion channels on the spermatozoon swimming parameters using the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) as a model for modern marine teleosts. Our data show that the SW-induced activation of seabream sperm motility requires three concomitant processes, the hyperosmotic shock, an ion-flux independent increase of the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), but not of [K+]i or [Na+]i, and the alkalization of the cytosol. The combination of all three processes is obligatory to trigger flagellar beating. However, the time-course monitoring of sperm motion kinetics and changes in the [Ca2+]i, [K+]i and [Na+]i in SW or in non-ionic activation media, showed that the post activated maintenance of spermatozoa motility is dependent on extracellular Ca2+ and K+. A meta-analysis of a seabream sperm transcriptome uncovered the expression of multiple ion channels, some of which were immunolocalized in the head and/or tail of the spermatozoon. Selective pharmacological inhibition of these ion channel families impaired the long-term motility, progressivity, and velocity of SW-activated spermatozoa. The data further revealed that some antagonists of K+-selective or Ca2+-selective channels, as well as of stretch-activated and mechanosensitive channels, altered the trajectory of spermatozoa, suggesting that these ion channels are likely involved in the control of the swimming pattern of the post activated spermatozoon. These combined findings provide new insight into the signaling pathways regulating spermatozoon activation and swimming performance in marine fishes.
The Neurokinin-1 Receptor: Structure Dynamics and Signaling

Substance P (SP), the first isolated neuropeptide, belongs to the family of tachykinin peptides and is the natural ligand of neurokinin-1 receptors (NK-1R), also named SP receptors. The undecapeptide activates the receptor after specifically binding to the protein and triggers intracellular signals leading to different biochemical events and subsequent physiological responses. This study reviews the main architectural features of this receptor, its interaction with natural and synthetic ligands, and the functional conformational states adopted after interacting with ligands and effector G proteins. The analysis of the main intracellular signaling pathways turned on by the activation of NK-1 receptors reveals the participation of different proteins supporting metabolic changes and genetic and epigenetic regulations. Furthermore, the analysis of receptor occupancy and receptor downregulation and internalization represents a complex and estimable field for basic and clinical research focused on the role of SP in physiopathology. Profound knowledge of the structural dynamics of NK-1R may help develop and assay new selective synthetic non-peptide antagonists as potential therapeutic agents applied to various pathologies and symptoms.
STARSPOTS ON WASP-85

By analyzing K2 short-cadence observations, we detect starspots on WASP-85A, the host star of the hot Jupiter WASP-85Ab. The detection of recurring starspot occultation events indicates that the planet’s orbit is aligned with the star’s rotational axis ( λ < 14 ° ) and suggests a stellar rotational period of 15.1 ± 0.6 days. The K2 light curve reveals a rotational modulation with a period of 13.6 ± 1.6 days, which is consistent with the period determined from starspots. There are no significant transit-timing variations, and thus no evidence of any additional planet in the system. Given the pronounced rotational modulation, we are only able to place an upper limit of 100 parts per million for any phase-curve modulations and the secondary eclipse.
Experiencing and resisting interwoven social boundaries: the case of highly educated recent refugees in Norway

ABSTRACT This article explores forced migrants’ experiences with mainstream social boundaries and investigates how classed resources are used to resist and renegotiate such boundaries. The case of forced migrants from Syria who came to Norway during the ‘refugee crisis’ is demarcated by ‘bright’ boundaries vis-à-vis mainstream society. Moreover, arriving with middle-class resources like higher education may represent bargaining power in boundary negotiations at the individual level. I show that the research participants encountered boundaries where prejudice against forced migrants and prejudice against established minorities are nested together. These interwoven social boundaries are resisted by signalling distance from excluded practices and renegotiated by drawing on classed resources such as higher education and classed repertoires such as mastering outdoor leisure pursuits. Drawing on interwoven resources, these strategies enable access to many important middle-class arenas. Access to mainstream sociability, however, remains limited even for individuals who manage to convert their classed resources and repertoires.
Video Summarization Overview

With the broad growth of video capturing devices and applications on the web, it is more demanding to provide desired video content for users efficiently. Video summarization facilitates quickly grasping video content by creating a compact summary of videos. Much effort has been devoted to automatic video summarization, and various problem settings and approaches have been proposed. Our goal is to provide an overview of this field. This survey covers early studies as well as recent approaches which take advantage of deep learning techniques. We describe video summarization approaches and their underlying concepts. We also discuss benchmarks and evaluations. We overview how prior work addressed evaluation and detail the pros and cons of the evaluation protocols. Last but not least, we discuss open challenges in this field. Mayu Otani, Yale Song and Yang Wang (2022), “Video Summarization Overview”, : Vol. 13, No. 4, pp 284–335. DOI: 10.1561/0600000099.
The Peierls argument for higher dimensional Ising models

The Peierls argument is a mathematically rigorous and intuitive method to show the presence of a non-vanishing spontaneous magnetization in some lattice models. This argument is typically explained for the D = 2 Ising model in a way which cannot be easily generalized to higher dimensions. The aim of this paper is to present an elementary discussion of the Peierls argument for the general D-dimensional Ising model.
Cognitive Complexity and Graph Convolutional Approach Over Control Flow Graph for Software Defect Prediction

The software engineering community is working to develop reliable metrics to improve software quality. It is estimated that understanding the source code accounts for 60% of the software maintenance effort. Cognitive informatics is important in quantifying the degree of difficulty or the efforts made by developers to understand the source code. Several empirical studies were conducted in 2003 to assign cognitive weights to each possible basic control structure of software, and these cognitive weights are used by several researchers to evaluate the cognitive complexity of software systems. In this paper, an effort has been made to categorize the Control Flow Graphs (CFGs) nodes according to their node features. In our case, we extracted seven unique features from the program, and each unique feature was assigned an integer value that we evaluated through Cognitive Complexity Measures (CCMs). We then incorporated CCMs’ results as a node feature value in CFGs and generated the same based on the node connectivity for a graph. In order to obtain the feature representation of the graph, a node vector matrix is then created for the graph and passed to the Graph Convolutional Network (GCN). We prepared our data sets using GCN output and then built Deep Neural Network Defect Prediction (DNN-DP) and Convolutional Neural Network Defect Prediction (CNN-DP) models to predict software defects. The Python programming language is used, along with Keras and TensorFlow. Three hundred twenty Python programs were written by our talented UG and PG students, and all experiments were carried out during laboratory classes. Together with three skilled lab programmers, they compiled and ran each individual program and detected defect/no-defect programs before categorizing them into three different classes, namely Simple, Medium, and Complex programs. Accuracy, Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC), Area Under Curve (AUC), F-measure, Precision and hyper-parameter tuning procedures are used to evaluate the approaches. The experimental results show that the proposed models outperformed state-of-the-art methods such as Nave Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF) in all evaluation criteria.
Heavy quarkonium states with the holographic potential

The quarkonium states in a quark-gluon plasma is examined with the heavy quark potential implied by the holographic principle. Both the vanila AdS-Schwarzschild metric and the one with an infrared cutoff are considered. The dissociation temperature is calculated by solving the Schrodinger equation of the potential model. In the case of the AdS-Schwarzschild metric with a IR cutoff, the ratios of the dissociation temperatures for J/ψ and Υ with the U-ansatz of the potential to the deconfinement temperature are found to agree with the lattice results within a factor of two.
Assessing the Role of Water Resources Protection Practice for Sustainable Water Resources Management: A Review

Water resource protection is central to sustainable water supply management for human wellbeing and for the ecological ecosystem to flourish. This review paper focuses on highlighting the role of groundwater and surface water protection practice to improve their sustainable utilization in South Africa. Using an integrative approach, this paper initially reflects on the history of water resources utilization, and it examines what is understood by the term “water resources protection”. This review paper then continues by providing an analysis of the current practice at global and local levels. The study found evidence of water resource utilization in the ancient times with limited challenges despite unavailability of regulation mechanisms. However, in recent times water resource availability challenges linked to water availability and water quality deterioration are evident globally despite having policies and regulation in place. Based on the findings of the study, a novel conceptual results-oriented policy monitoring framework is proposed, and it was distinctively designed to address challenges identified in practice in the South African context. The framework is configured on (1) the vision of the catchment protection and sustainable use, (2) water resources protection practices, (3) the state of water resources, and (4) policy evaluation and review processes as the key elements to drive success in policy implementation and monitoring practice. Therefore, this paper provides a foundation for results-oriented policy monitoring for water resources protection to improve sustainable water resources utilization in the country. The proposed framework can be considered as a reference guide that can be used to monitor policy practice for water resources protection by following a result-oriented monitoring approach
Resolved optical–infrared spectral energy distributions of galaxies: universal relations and their break‐down on local scales

A large body of evidence have demonstrated that the global rest-frame optical and infrared colours of galaxies correlate well with each other [i.e. (u−g), with (r− 8 μ m)], as well as with other galaxy properties such as surface brightness and morphology. However, the processes that lead to the observed correlations are contrary; the stellar light that contributes to the optical is readily absorbed by dust which emits in the IR. Thus, on small scales we expect these correlations to break down. We examine here seven nearby galaxies ranging from early- to late-types, which have all been smoothed to the same physical scale and signal-to-noise ratio, using data from the optical to the mid-IR (u band to 8 μm). By examining these galaxies on a pixel-by-pixel basis we demonstrate that there is disconnect between the optical and IR when normalized to the near-IR (H band). For five of the seven galaxies we can decompose this disconnect into two distinct components through a principal component analysis of the H-band normalized spectral energy distribution (SED) of the pixels: one mainly correlated with variations in the IR, and the other correlated with variations in the optical. The two exceptions are the elliptical galaxy NGC 4552, whose SED can be well reproduced using a single principal component, and the highly inclined spiral NGC 3521, due to its complex dust geometry. By mapping these two components in the five ‘regular’ galaxies, it is clear they arise from distinct spatial regions. By comparing these components with the surface brightnesses in Hα and H band we demonstrate that the IR-dominated component is strongly associated with the specific star formation rate, while the optical-dominated component is broadly associated with the stellar mass density. However, when the pixels of all galaxies are compared, the well-known optical–IR colour correlations return, demonstrating that the variance observed within galaxies is around a mean which follows the well-known trend. As a final step, we extend this work by examining the extremely tight correlations observed between the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC)–near-IR colours, and demonstrate that these correlations are tight enough to use a single IRAC–near-IR colour (i.e. 8 μ m −H) to determine the fluxes in the other IRAC bands. These correlations arise from the differing contribution of stellar light and dust to the IRAC bands, enabling us to determine pure ‘stellar’ colours for these bands, but still demonstrating the need for dust (or stellar) corrections in these bands when being used as stellar (dust) tracers.
k- and Doppler Velocity Decomposition-Based Range Points’ Migration for 3-D Localization With Millimeter Wave Radar

A <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${k}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-space and Doppler velocity decomposition based on an accurate millimeter wave (mmW) 3-D target localization method is presented, using the range points’ migration (RPM) method to provide multi-information associated with point clouds. The incoherent method, known as RPM, has a number of advantages over coherent localization, including avoiding a false response due to phase uncertainty or the necessity for highly accurate phase calibration in multiple arrays. However, various concerns must be addressed to retain the benefit of high-frequency mmW radar. In order to bring some benefits of high-frequency mmW radar into RPM scheme, this study introduces the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${k}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-space and Doppler velocity decomposition schemes for multiple objects moving at different speeds into the RPM scheme, where a new weighted term is introduced. In addition, the RPM point cloud is incorporated with the incoherent Doppler velocity estimation method known as the weighted kernel density (WKD) method, which provides a multifunctional 3-D localization. The mmW radar experiment in the 79-GHz band demonstrates that our proposed method achieves accurate 3-D Doppler-associated localization, even with a small aperture array.
SMART CITY SOLUTIONS FOR LOCATION TRACKING

With the advancement in technology cities are getting smarter and becoming more livable and responsive. In the next few years, we expect a significant rise in the use of data and technology to make better decisions and improve the quality of life. Outdoor navigation using GPS is relatively easy but finding way indoors is still considered as a frenetic task. We aim to use data from multiple sources to create a detailed profile of the geographic information for every individual which can be easily used and securely accessed whenever needed. In this paper, we propose a method for indoor navigation which guides the user to a specific spot using smart phones. Here A* algorithm is used to find the shortest path between two points on the map and ArcGIS software for creating the map data. The generated map along with the required services are hosted on Osiris, an open-source indoor map rest API server. The sever is connected to a front end using an Android application developed with Android Studio. This can be applied across large companies which are situated in sprawling campuses.
Cloning in nonlinear Hamiltonian quantum and hybrid mechanics

Possibility of state cloning is analyzed in two types of generalizations of quantum mechanics with nonlinear evolution. It is first shown that nonlinear Hamiltonian quantum mechanics does not admit cloning without the cloning machine. It is then demonstrated that the addition of the cloning machine, treated as a quantum or as a classical system, makes the cloning possible by nonlinear Hamiltonian evolution. However, a special type of quantum-classical theory, known as the mean-field Hamiltonian hybrid mechanics, does not admit cloning by natural evolution. The latter represents an example of a theory where it appears to be possible to communicate between two quantum systems at super-luminal speed, but at the same time it is impossible to clone quantum pure states.
Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes Inhibit Hypertrophic Scaring Formation by Regulating Th17/Treg Cell Balance

Aiming to reveal the role of ADCS-Exos in secretion of inflammatory factors, Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation from naïve CD4+ T cells in hypertrophic scaring formation and maturation is explored. ELISA, qRT-PCR, and immunoblotting are performed to assay the local inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and TNF-α, and transcriptional factors of RORϒt and Foxp3, in scaring tissue from patients and mice wound models treated with or without ADCS-Exos. Immunohistochemistry staining and immunoblotting are conducted to assay the extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in vitro and in vivo. The results show that IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, TNF-α, RORϒt, and Foxp3 are increased on mRNA and protein levels in hypertrophic scaring compared with atrophic scaring and normal skin. Naïve CD4+ T cells treated with ADCS-Exos in vitro can produce significantly less IL-6, IL-17A, TNF-α, and RORϒt and more IL-10 and Foxp3 on mRNA and protein levels. In addition, mice in ADSC-Exos-treated group demonstrate less collagen deposition; decreased IL-17A, TNF-α, and RORϒt; and increased IL-10 and Foxp3 production.
Capturing connections during COVID-19: Using photography to assess US college students’ sense of belonging

ABSTRACT Past research has highlighted a range of factors that impact college students’ sense of belonging. It is less clear how the COVID-19 pandemic has shaped college students’ experience of belonging. The current study used a reflective photography approach to examine US college students’ experience of belonging to their institution during the COVID-19 pandemic. Student responses included themes of Physical Space, Community, Adaptation/Continuity, Identity, and Negative Affect. Physical space emerged as the most common theme. Regardless of whether students were studying on campus or remotely, students described the role of the natural and built environment in finding a sense of connection and belonging. In comparisons based on students’ class year, first-year students talked more about the role of structured groups and other cohorts highlighted the role of past shared experiences. The findings have implications for interventions aimed at promoting student belonging.
Know thy tools! Limits of popular algorithms used for topic reconstruction

Abstract To reconstruct topics in bibliometric networks, one must use algorithms. Specifically, researchers often apply algorithms from the class of network community detection algorithms (such as the Louvain algorithm) that are general-purpose algorithms not intentionally programmed for a bibliometric task. Each algorithm has specific properties “inscribed,” which distinguish it from the others. It can thus be assumed that different algorithms are more or less suitable for a given bibliometric task. However, the suitability of a specific algorithm when it is applied for topic reconstruction is rarely reflected upon. Why choose this algorithm and not another? In this study, I assess the suitability of four community detection algorithms for topic reconstruction, by first deriving the properties of the phenomenon to be reconstructed—topics—and comparing if these match with the properties of the algorithms. The results suggest that the previous use of these algorithms for bibliometric purposes cannot be justified by their specific suitability for this task.
Equations différentielles stochastiques rétrogrades réfléchies dans un convexe

We give an existence and uniqueness theorem for the solution of a Backward Stochastic Differential Equation reflected in a convex domain without regularity assumption on the domain. First we give sufficient conditions for the solution of a classical Backward Stochastic Equation to stay in a given convex set. We then prove that, if the solution of the reflected problem exists, it is unique and the reflection process is absolutely continuous if the convex set is somewhat regular. Finally we prove existence using a penalisation method