Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in kidney transplantation: a viewpoint from the Descartes advisory board*

ABSTRACT Transplantation medicine is a rapidly evolving field. Keeping afloat of the published literature to offer the best clinical care to our patients is a daunting task. As part of its educational mission, the Descartes advisory board identified seven topics in kidney transplantation where there has been substantial progresses over the last years: kidney allocation within Eurotransplant; kidney exchange strategies; kidney machine perfusion strategies; the changing landscape of anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies; the new immunosuppressive drugs in the pipeline; strategies for immunosuppression minimization; and the continuous enigma of focal segmental glomerular sclerosis recurrence after transplantation. Here, we have summarized the main knowledge and the main challenges of these seven topics with the aim to provide transplant professionals at large with key bullet points to successfully understand these new concepts.
LIFETIME PREVALENCE OF DSM‐IV MENTAL DISORDERS AMONG NEW SOLDIERS IN THE U.S. ARMY: RESULTS FROM THE ARMY STUDY TO ASSESS RISK AND RESILIENCE IN SERVICEMEMBERS (ARMY STARRS)

The prevalence of 30‐day mental disorders with retrospectively reported early onsets is significantly higher in the U.S. Army than among socio‐demographically matched civilians. This difference could reflect high prevalence of preenlistment disorders and/or high persistence of these disorders in the context of the stresses associated with military service. These alternatives can to some extent be distinguished by estimating lifetime disorder prevalence among new Army recruits.
Abnormal voicing in children using cochlear implants.

OBJECTIVES To measure acoustic voice outcomes in children with bilateral cochlear implants and to compare these with established norms, as well as to determine whether these acoustic measures were influenced by duration of cochlear implant use, age at implantation, and overall "time in sound. " DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Pediatric tertiary care cochlear implant center. PATIENTS All children using bilateral cochlear implants who were followed up during a 4-month period at our implant center were invited to participate. Twenty-seven children (17 males and 10 females) aged 3 to 15 years were enrolled. Causes of deafness included congenital (n = 8), genetic (n = 8), meningitis (n = 3), cytomegalovirus (n = 2), and unknown (n = 6). The interval between first and second implantations ranged from simultaneous to 7.8 years (mean, 4.2 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Children completed acoustic voice testing using a Computerized Speech Lab and a Multi-Dimensional Voice Program. Acoustic results were compared with those of children receiving unilateral implants and with normative data. RESULTS Compared with established pediatric normative data, children with bilateral implants demonstrated poor control of long-term frequency perturbation and long-term amplitude perturbation when vocalizing sustained phonations (P < .001 for both). This finding was consistent with data previously reported in children using unilateral cochlear implants. Long-term control of frequency perturbation improved as children used their bilateral cochlear implants over time and was significantly influenced by overall time in sound (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS Similar to unilateral cochlear implant users, children using bilateral implants have difficulty controlling long-term frequency perturbation and long-term amplitude perturbation during sustained phonations. These measures improved as the duration of usable hearing increases.
Unified framework of face hallucination across multiple modalities

Face hallucination in a single modality environment has been heavily studied, in real-world environments under multiple modalities is still in its early stage. This paper presents a unified framework to solve face hallucination problem across multiple modalities i.e. different expressions, poses, illuminations. Almost all of the state-of-the-art face superresolution methods only generate a single output with the same modality of the low-resolution input. Our proposed framework is able to generate multiple outputs of different new modalities from only a single low-resolution input. It includes a global transformation with diagonal loading for modeling the mappings among different new facial modalities, and a local position-patch based method with weights compensation for incorporating image details. Experimental results illustrate the superiority of our framework.
Mediators of change in screentime in a school-based intervention for adolescent boys : Findings from the ATLAS cluster randomized controlled trial

Background. The mechanisms of behavior change in youth screen-time interventions are poorly understood. Methods. Participants were 361 adolescent boys (12-14 years) participating in the ATLAS obesity prevention trial, evaluated in 14 schools in low-income areas of New South Wales, Australia. Recreational screen-time was assessed at baseline, 8and 18-months, whereas potential mediators (i.e., motivation to limit screen-time and parental rules) were assessed at baseline, 4and 18-months. Multilevel mediation analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle and were conducted using a product-ofcoefficients test. Results. The intervention had a significant impact on screen-time at both time-points, and on autonomous motivation at 18-months. Changes in autonomous motivation partially mediated the effect on screen-time at 18-months in single and multi-mediator models (AB [95% CI] = -5.49 [-12.13, -0.70]). Conclusion. Enhancing autonomous motivation may be effective for limiting screen-time among adolescent males. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry No: ACTRN12612000978864
Genetic analysis of the 9p21.3 CAD risk locus in Asian Indians

Summary The 9p21.3 locus is the best replicated region to date for coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated the association of 9p21.3 common variants with CAD, candidate gene expression including ANRIL, a non-coding RNA, followed by in vitro validation. Five variants, rs10757278, rs10757274, rs2383206, rs1333049 and rs4977574 were genotyped in 1,034 cases and 1,034 controls. Gene expression of C9orf5, MTAP 1, MTAP 2, p16INK4a , p14ARF , p15INK4b and two ANRIL splice variants, NR_003529 and EU741058, were measured in 100 cases and 100 controls. Human aortic smooth muscle cells (HuAoSMCs) were transfected with siRNA targeting ANRIL exon 19 (siRNA-1) or exon 2 (siRNA-2) and consequent effect determined. rs2383206 showed the highest association with CAD (odds ratio [OR] 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.56 –2.62) and an adjusted OR of 2.55, 1.33–2.88 along with rs10757278. Conventional risk factors (conventional RFs), rs2383206 and rs10757278 variants together yielded a higher c index (OR 0.790, 95% CI 0.770 –0.810) as compared to conventional RFs (OR 0.783, 95% CI 0.763–0.803) or genetic variants (OR 0.561, 95% CI 0.536–0.586) alone. GAAAA haplotype showed significant protective association with CAD compared to CGGGG risk haplotype (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.27–0.77). Expression of p16INK4a , p14ARF and p15INK4b as well as plasma CDKN2A levels were lower in cases than controls. GG genotype was associated with higher EU741058 expression and lower p16INK4a expression. HuAoSMCs transfected with siRNA-1 showed lower NR_003529, p16INK4a and p14ARF expression. Our study provides further evidence on the significance of 9p21.3 locus for CAD wherein the risk allele regulate the expression of ANRIL and adjacent tumour suppressor genes which in turn alter smooth muscle proliferation, a fundamental process in atherosclerosis.
The investigation of the possibility of automated collection of information in the hidden segment of the Internet

The principles of the work of search engines on the Internet have been studied for a long time, while the search on the hidden segment of the Internet remains poorly understood. The technologies for site search in hidden segment of the Internet are different from the Internet search technologies and, the methods used on the Internet are not applicable often in the hidden segment of the Internet. In this connection, this paper considers the basic principles of the work of search robot on the hidden segment of the Internet, namely, the architecture was developed and the module for downloading web pages into the data storage was implemented. In addition, the possibility of using classical algorithms, as well as their effectiveness in the hidden Internet compared to the Internet, was explored.
Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes

ABSTRACT Review of: Neal B, Perkovic V, Mahaffey K, et al. Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2017;377:644–657. The report combines the data from two trials, CANVAS and CANVAS-Renal, which were designed to evaluate the safety and effect of canagliflozin, an SGLT-2 inhibitor, on the appearance of cardiovascular and renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Enrollees were patients with type 2 diabetes of at least 30 years of age, with a glycated hemoglobin of > or equal to 7.0% and < or equal to 10.5%. Patients either had to have preexisting cardiovascular disease or to be at elevated risk for cardiovascular disease, and to have an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of >30 ml/min. Patients were randomized to canagliflozin at doses of either 100 mg or 300 mg or matching placebo in CANVAS, and to canagliflozin 100 mg with a possible increase to 300 mg, or placebo, in CANVAS-Renal. Physicians were instructed to continue appropriate diabetic management and other therapies in accordance with the best practices in their community. There was a significant 14% reduction in the combined endpoint of cardiovascular events of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke in the canagliflozin treated patients. There was also a pattern of improvement in markers of renal disease, including the change in the level and nature of albuminuria, a 40% decrease in the glomerular filtration rate, the need for renal replacement therapy, or death from renal causes. This study expands the scope of SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy to prevent cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients beyond those with preexisting cardiovascular disease studied in the previous empagliflozin study, raising the question as to whether SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy should be considered appropriate for most, if not all, type 2 diabetes patients, not only to control hyperglycemia but also to reduce cardiovascular and renal events.
General Centrality in a hypergraph

The goal of this paper is to present a centrality measurement for the nodes of a hypergraph, by using existing literature which extends eigenvector centrality from a graph to a hypergraph, and literature which give a general centrality measurement for a graph. We will use this measurement to say more about the number of communications in a hypergraph, to implement a learning mechanism, and to construct certain networks.
A Compact CNN-DBLSTM Based Character Model for Offline Handwriting Recognition with Tucker Decomposition

Recently, character model based on integrated convolutional neural network (CNN) and deep bidirectional long short-term memory (DBLSTM) has achieved excellent performance for offline handwriting recognition (HWR). To deploy CNN-DBLSTM model in products, it is necessary to reduce the footprint and runtime latency as much as possible. In this paper, we study two methods to compress the CNN part: (1) Use Tucker decomposition to decompose pre-trained weights with low-rank approximation, followed by fine-tuning; (2) Use grouped convolution to construct sparse connections in channel domain. Experiments have been conducted on a large-scale offline English HWR task to compare the effectiveness of the above two techniques. Our results show that using Tucker decomposition alone offers a good solution to building a compact CNN-DBLSTM model which can reduce significantly both the footprint and latency yet without degrading recognition accuracy.
Investigation of Parallel Radiofrequency Transmission for the Reduction of Heating in Long Conductive Leads in 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is increasingly used to treat a variety of brain diseases by sending electrical impulses to deep brain nuclei through long, electrically conductive leads. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients pre- and post-implantation is desirable to target and position the implant, to evaluate possible side-effects and to examine DBS patients who have other health conditions. Although MRI is the preferred modality for pre-operative planning, MRI post-implantation is limited due to the risk of high local power deposition, and therefore tissue heating, at the tip of the lead. The localized power deposition arises from currents induced in the leads caused by coupling with the radiofrequency (RF) transmission field during imaging. In the present work, parallel RF transmission (pTx) is used to tailor the RF electric field to suppress coupling effects. Electromagnetic simulations were performed for three pTx coil configurations with 2, 4, and 8-elements, respectively. Optimal input voltages to minimize coupling, while maintaining RF magnetic field homogeneity, were determined for all configurations using a Nelder-Mead optimization algorithm. Resulting electric and magnetic fields were compared to that of a 16-rung birdcage coil. Experimental validation was performed with a custom-built 4-element pTx coil. In simulation, 95-99% reduction of the electric field at the tip of the lead was observed between the various pTx coil configurations and the birdcage coil. Maximal reduction in E-field was obtained with the 8-element pTx coil. Magnetic field homogeneity was comparable to the birdcage coil for the 4- and 8-element pTx configurations. In experiment, a temperature increase of 2±0.15°C was observed at the tip of the wire using the birdcage coil, whereas negligible increase (0.2±0.15°C) was observed with the optimized pTx system. Although further research is required, these initial results suggest that the concept of optimizing pTx to reduce DBS heating effects holds considerable promise.
Damages Caused by Projectile Impact

Impact conditions involve velocities below the sonic speed, which is normally of the order few hundreds up to few thousands m/s. The implications of impact depend on projectile and target materials, impact velocity, incident angle and the mass and shape of the projectile impacting head. The superimposition of progressing and reflected waves can lead to local stress levels that exceed the material’s strength, thus causing cracks and / or fracture at significant velocities. At low impact velocities, plastic deformation normally prevails. With increasing velocities the projectile will leave a hole in the target. With decreasing target thickness, the effects range from perforation, via internal cracks, and finally to plug formation. In this paper, the damages caused by impact which include: perforation, plugs formation and their fracture, metallurgical changes e.g. shear bands, twinning, recrystallization and phase transformation and fractures both in the projectile and the target plate are presented and discussed.
Beevor's sign: a potential clinical marker for GNE myopathy

V. Preethish-Kumar*, O. Pogoryelova*, K. Polavarapu, N. Gayathri, V. Seena, J. Hudson, I. Nishino, C. Prasad, H. Lochm€ uller** and A. Nalini** Clinical Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India; John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru; Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India; Northern Genetics Service, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan; and Neuro Imaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
Bloody Pancreatic Pleural Effusion: A Case Report

A 54-year-old male presented with massive left bloody pleural effusion. Thoracocentasis revealed high level of amylase and lipase. The abdomen computed tomogram (CT) scan showed a pseudocyst of pancreatic tail and necrotizing pancreatitis with walled off necrosis formation that encroaching splenic vein and esophagus with upward extension to middle mediastinum and bilateral pleural effusion. The other differential diagnosis such as oesophageal perforation and certain neoplastic processes should be considered. After surgery of distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy, the symptom relieved.
Reliability of TNF-α as a Screening Test for Cerebral Stroke

In spite of the pivotal role of TNF-α in the pathogenesis and clinical outcomes of cerebral ischemia, this cytokine was never investigated before as an indicator of stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of TNF-α as screening test for ischemic stroke. The study enrolled 35 patients with stroke and 81 apparently healthy volunteers. Following clinical examination, blood samples were collected from each volunteer and used for estimation of concentration of TNF-α, random blood glucose (RBG), and lipid profile. TNF-α level ≥ 0.135 pg/ml was consider as significantly high concentration. Chi-square test and conditional ratios were used to assess association between higher levels of TNF-α and stroke. Higher TNF-α levels were associated with higher risk of stroke (Odds Ratio (OR) = 6.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.671 15.2), sensitivity = 62.86%, specificity = 79.01%, positive predictive value (PPV) = 56.41%, negative predictive value (NPP) = 83.12 %, false positive rate (FPR) = 20.99%, false negative rate (FNR) = 37.14% and accuracy = 74.14%. TNF-α achieved significantly higher levels in patients suffering from recent stroke compared to apparently healthy subject. However, our results fail to demonstrate TNF-α as a reliable screening test for recent stroke.
Large Molecule Pharmacotherapy: Biologics in Clinical Nurse Specialist Practice.

Few scientists acquainted with the chemistry of biological systems at the molecular level can avoid being inspired. The development of biologics for the past 20 years has changed the treatment paths for cancer and autoimmune disorders across the life span. Rather than beginningwith the disease, biotechnology-based care begins with the identification of genetic variation and uses cell-based therapies to modify the variation. Biologics are directed to specific genotypes or protein receptors. Some of the targets for biologic therapies include anemia, cystic fibrosis, diabetes, hemophilia, hepatitis, genital warts, transplant rejection, cancers, and tissue reconstitution for wounds. Biologic development is not a new science. Human growth hormone, insulin, and red blood cellYstimulating agents have been on the market for decades. However, with the deepening understanding of genetics and disease, there has been significant expansion in the development of genomics, proteomics, microarray, cell cultures, and monoclonal antibody technologies. The increasing number of biologic development platforms across the pharmacy industry worldwide suggests that this pharmacotherapy will bring even more options for therapy options for the future. There is no simple definition for biologics. A strict definition of biologics would include only agents produced by living systems consisting of large molecules containing hundreds of amino acids. Another definition would describe a biologic as any substance composed of organic molecules no matter the size. Still, others would include products created in other organisms such estrogen hormone from pregnant mare urine. Finally, biologic can be defined as a product created by a microorganism or mammalian cell, which are large complex molecules, most of which are proteins or polypeptides. Biologics are described as large complexmolecules such as a virus, toxin, antitoxin, therapeutic serum, vaccine, blood productor component, or trivalent organic arsenic compound used for the prevention, treatment, or cure of a disease. The complex molecules and/or mixture are not easily labeled because of construction from bacteria, yeast, insects, plants, other purified natural sources, or mammalian cells. The Table describes the most commonly prescribed biologics, based on these broad definitions. Also included is the biologic type, approval date, Web site address for specific information for use and prescribing, and indications for use.
Distribution of substance P reveals a novel subdivision in the hippocampus of parasitic South American cowbirds

Parasitic cowbirds monitor potential hosts' nests and return to lay when appropriate, a task that is likely to involve spatial recall. Seasonal and sexual behavioral variations in the cowbirds correlate with anatomical changes in the hippocampal formation. During the breeding season, parasites have larger hippocampal formations than nonparasites. In parasitic species in which females alone perform nest bookkeeping, females have larger hippocampal formations than males. We investigated the distribution of the neuropeptide substance P (SP) in three sympatric cowbirds: two obligate parasites (shiny cowbird and screaming cowbird) and one nonparasite (bay‐winged cowbird). Distribution of SP was similar to that in other songbirds, except for a previously undescribed field of dense SP‐rich terminals within the hippocampus that we call the hippocampal SP terminal field (SPh). We found robust species differences in the volume of this new area, measured relative to the remainder of the telencephalon. SPh was largest in the generalist parasite (shiny cowbird) and smallest in the nonparasitic species (bay‐winged cowbird). In the specialist parasite (screaming cowbird), SPh was smaller than in the generalist parasite but larger than in the nonparasitic species. SPh overlaps with two subdivisions described in the pigeon that have been related to the mammalian dentate gyrus and subiculum. The area containing SPh receives a major input from the lateral mammillary nucleus, which is probably the avian equivalent of the mammalian supramammillary nucleus (SUM), the main source of extrinsic SP input to mammalian hippocampus. SPh may be the termination of a pathway homologous to the SP‐rich projection from SUM to the hippocampus in mammals. J. Comp. Neurol. 496:610–626, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.