Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Power Management Unit With Its Control for a Three-Phase Fuel Cell Power System Without Large Electrolytic Capacitors

This paper investigates a three-phase four-wire fuel cell power system. The system is sensitive to the load characteristic in a stand-alone mode, because variation or unbalance of the three-phase load will affect the safety and lifespan of the fuel cell. A novel power management unit (PMU) with its control strategy is proposed. The PMU can compensate fuel cell slow dynamics. In addition, the PMU acts as dc bus capacitors to deal with the low-frequency current ripple. Therefore, the large dc bus electrolytic capacitors can be eliminated in the fuel cell power system. The control strategy of the PMU is derived and the whole system is verified by the experimental results.
Interactive Volume Cutting

In 2D, Intelligent Scissors is an efficient interactive tool for image segmentation. By interactive use of a dynamic-programming graph-searching algorithm, a region of interest in the image can be accurately obtained. In this paper, we introduce the use of Intelligent Scissors for contour detection on a volumetric data surface. It is fast enough to be used in an interactive virtual environment, in which the user can intuitively select the contours in volumetric data in an accurate and robust manner. Moreover, we extend our work to the volume data manipulation, cutting off the interesting part of the volume by providing a contour on its surface. The cutting surface is computed by a fast dynamic programming algorithm. By using this tool, many new volumetric data models can be created from an existing one in an effective way.
The Relationship between the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised and the MMPI–2: A Pilot Study

The goal of the study was to investigate the relationship between Hare's four-facet model of psychopathy and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI–2) in a forensic, culturally homogenous sample. 22 male prisoners from Bergen Prison participated. There was only a statistically significant negative zero-order correlation between the total PCL–R score and the score on the Depression scale of the MMPI–2. However, the results revealed that the four facets had different underlying correlates with negative affectivity. Overall, Facets 1 and 2 showed a tendency toward a negative relationship with the clinical scales on the MMPI–2, while Facets 3 and 4 had a positive relationship. Interestingly, partial correlations showed that Facet 4 of PCL–R was the only facet that correlated statistically significantly with the scores on the Psychopathic Deviate scale of the MMPI–2.
Spherical wards clustering and generalized Voronoi diagrams

Gaussian mixture model is very useful in many practical problems. Nevertheless, it cannot be directly generalized to non Euclidean spaces. To overcome this problem we present a spherical Gaussian-based clustering approach for partitioning data sets with respect to arbitrary dissimilarity measure. The proposed method is a combination of spherical Cross-Entropy Clustering with a generalized Wards approach. The algorithm finds the optimal number of clusters by automatically removing groups which carry no information. Moreover, it is scale invariant and allows for forming of spherically-shaped clusters of arbitrary sizes. In order to graphically represent and interpret the results the notion of Voronoi diagram was generalized to non Euclidean spaces and applied for introduced clustering method.
High resolution and image processing of otoconia matrix

This study was designed to investigate patterns of fibrils organization in histochemically stained otoconia. Transmission electron microscope and video imaging were used. These data indicate that otoconia of the chick (Gallus domesticus) inner ear may have central cores in vivo. The data also show that the ultrastructural organization of fibrils fixed with aldehydes and histochemical stains follows trajectories that conform to the hexagonal shape of otoconia. These changes in direction may contribute to the formation of a central core. The existence of central cores is important for the in vivo buoyancy of otoconia. Packing of fibrils is tighter after phosphotungstic acid (PTA) stained otoconia than with other histochemical stains, which usually produce looser packing of fibrils and seemingly larger central core. TEM of tilted and untilted material showed that turning of fibrils occurs at the points where the face angles of otoconia form and where central cores exist. Video image processing of the images allowed reconstructing a template which, if assumed to repeat and change trajectories, would fit the pattern of fibrils seen in fixed otoconia. Since it is highly unlikely that aldehyde primary fixation or PTA stain caused such drastic change in the direction of fibrils, the template derived from these results may closely approximate patterns of otoconia fibrils packing in vivo. However, if the above is correct, the perfect crystallographic diffraction pattern of unfixed otoconia do not correspond to patterns of fixed fibrils. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sustainable breeding for farm animals : overview of ongoing research and business efforts in Europe

SEFABAR (Sustainable European Farm Animal Breeding And Reproduction) thematic research network aims at finding sustainable, economically sound and accepted breeding scenarios for ruminants, pigs, poultry and fish, and a broad overview of sustainable farm animal breeding as a whole. The network involves scientists, industry representatives and socio-economists from over 40 animal breeding and reproduction related organisations around Europe. The aim of this paper is to present a preview of some of the results of the first year of the SEFABAR project: a work definition of sustainability in animal breeding and reproduction, and a general overview on ongoing research and business efforts in sustainable animal breeding and reproduction in Europe. The common principle for SEFABAR was defined as “Genetics for future use”, with quality, diversity, acceptability, environment and economics related issues as concrete criteria to take into account when designing future breeding and reproduction programs in farm animals. These definition(s) of sustainable animal breeding and reproduction are so many-sided, that currently there is hardly any breeding related work in Europe that is not relevant in some way to the sustainability in breeding and/or reproduction. However, while there is an abundance of research related to one or a few of the separate components of the sustainability criteria, the meta-level studies that explicitly analyse questions such as “what is sustainable breeding and/or reproduction”, “what are the main components”, and “what is the potential impact on breeding programs”, are still scarce.
Climate Influence on Deep Sea Populations

Dynamics of biological processes on the deep-sea floor are traditionally thought to be controlled by vertical sinking of particles from the euphotic zone at a seasonal scale. However, little is known about the influence of lateral particle transport from continental margins to deep-sea ecosystems. To address this question, we report here how the formation of dense shelf waters and their subsequent downslope cascade, a climate induced phenomenon, affects the population of the deep-sea shrimp Aristeus antennatus. We found evidence that strong currents associated with intense cascading events correlates with the disappearance of this species from its fishing grounds, producing a temporary fishery collapse. Despite this initial negative effect, landings increase between 3 and 5 years after these major events, preceded by an increase of juveniles. The transport of particulate organic matter associated with cascading appears to enhance the recruitment of this deep-sea living resource, apparently mitigating the general trend of overexploitation. Because cascade of dense water from continental shelves is a global phenomenon, we anticipate that its influence on deep-sea ecosystems and fisheries worldwide should be larger than previously thought.
Assessing the Object Relations of Sexually Abused Females

The TAT stories of 38 sexually abused females between the ages of 5 and 18 years and a clinical group of 26 females with no recorded history of abuse were analyzed using the Object Relations and Social Cognitions TAT Scoring System (Westen et al., 1985). Subjects in the sexual abuse group showed significantly lower mean scores on a scale measuring affect-tone of relationship paradigms and on a scale measuring complexity of representations of people. In addition, pathological responses were given significantly more often by sexual abuse victims on the complexity of representations of people scale. Thus, sexually abused children showed more primitive and simple characterizations of people and more negative, punitive affect in their representations. Moreover, these results were independent of age, race, and intelligence. Group differences are discussed in terms of object relations development.
Potential Role of Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds in the Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been associated with a reduced incidence of neurodegenerative diseases and better cognitive performance. Virgin olive oil, the main source of lipids in the MD, is rich in minor phenolic components, particularly hydroxytyrosol (HT). HT potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions have attracted researchers’ attention and may contribute to neuroprotective effects credited to MD. In this review HT bioavailability and pharmacokinetics are presented prior to discussing health beneficial effects. In vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effects together with its multiple mechanisms of action are reviewed. Other microconstituents of olive oil are also considered due to their potential neuroprotective effects (oleocanthal, triterpenic acids). Finally, we discuss the potential role of HT as a therapeutic tool in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
Patient-Centered Medical Home and Diabetes

The current model of health care delivery is designed to address acute health problems and is based on episodic face-to-face interactions between health care provider and patient, which often do not address the needs of chronically ill individuals (1). Diabetes is a well-documented example of a high cost prevalent chronic illness where a significant quality chasm exists. It is one of the most expensive chronic illnesses affecting over 23 million Americans (2) at a cost of $174 billion in 2007 (3). Despite the high expenditures for diabetes care, very few patients with diabetes are at goal for evidence based recommendations, with only 7% of patients at goal for A1C, blood pressure, and LDL cholesterol (4). In the recent years, much discussion has taken place regarding future health policies and the need to strengthen primary care. It is believed that improvements in the mode of delivery of primary care will better serve the needs of the chronically ill (5). Health outcomes are better in regions in which there is an adequate supply of primary care physicians, and patients receiving care from primary care physicians are healthier (6) and have fewer inpatient hospitalizations (7), fewer emergent admissions (8), a lower length of stay (8), and lower costs of care (9–11). The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) has been proposed as a practical solution to the primary care crisis and holds promise to deliver better chronic care. Diabetes lends itself well to the principles of the PCMH given its robust evidence-based guidelines, high cost, and well demonstrated quality gap. Although a common definition of the PCMH has remained elusive (12), the basic elements of a PCMH are well described by the Joint Principles of the American Academy of Family Medicine, American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Physicians and the …
Fast and Slow Thinking in the Face of Catastrophic Risk

Studies of behavior in the face of natural disasters and mass atrocities provide common lessons about managing catastrophic threats. We cannot assume that the massive destructiveness of an event will lead us to appreciate and appropriately respond to the risk. The potential consequences, whether in billions of dollars or millions of endangered lives, often fail to convey the emotional meaning necessary to motivate effective protective actions. Rather than trusting our desensitized feelings as our moral compass, we must employ slow and careful thinking, coupled with short-term incentives, to create policies, procedures, laws, and institutions that will nudge or even require us to behave in ways that accord with our considered values for protecting human lives and property.
A palmtop display for dextrous manipulation with haptic sensation

Palmtop displays have been extensively studied, but most of them simply refocus information in the real or virtual world. The palmtop display for dextrous manipulation (PDDM) proposed in this paper allows the users to manipulate a remote object as if they were holding it in their hands. The PDDM system has a small LCD, a 3D mouse and a mechanical linkage (force display). When the user locks onto an object in the center of the palmtop display, s/he can manipulate the object through motion input on the palmtop display with haptic sensation. In this paper, the features of the PDDM with haptic sensation are described, then four operating methods and the haptic representation methods for a trial model are proposed and evaluated. (see Video Figure in the CH196 Video Program)
Prevalence of ocular symptoms and signs with preserved and preservative free glaucoma medication

Aim: To determine the incidence of ocular toxicity of preservatives with glaucoma medications. Methods: A prospective epidemiological survey was carried out in 1999 by 249 ophthalmologists on 4107 patients. Ocular symptoms, conjunctiva, cornea, and eyelids were assessed. A χ2 test was used for differences between preserved eye drops (P) and preservative free eye drops (PF). Results: 84% patients used P, 13% received PF, and 3% a combination of P and PF eye drops. All symptoms were more prevalent with P than with PF drops (p<0.001): discomfort upon instillation (43% versus 17%), and symptoms between instillations such as burning-stinging (40% versus 22%), foreign body sensation (31% versus 14%), dry eye sensation (23% versus 14%), tearing (21% versus 14%), and eyelid itching (18% versus 10%). An increased incidence (>2 times) of ocular signs was seen with P eye drops. The prevalence of signs and symptoms was dose dependent, increasing with the number of P drops. A reduction in the symptoms and signs was observed when patients changed from P to PF eye drops (p<0.001). Conclusions: Symptoms and signs are less prevalent when PF drops are used. Moreover, most of the adverse reactions induced by P glaucoma medication are reversible after removing preservatives.
3-D Shape Recovery Using Distributed Aspect Matching

An approach to the recovery of 3-D volumetric primitives from a single 2-D image is presented. The approach first takes a set of 3-D volumetric modeling primitives and generates a hierarchical aspect representation based on the projected surfaces of the primitives; conditional probabilities capture the ambiguity of mappings between levels of the hierarchy. From a region segmentation of the input image, the authors present a formulation of the recovery problem based on the grouping of the regions into aspects. No domain-independent heuristics are used; only the probabilities inherent in the aspect hierarchy are exploited. Once the aspects are recovered, the aspect hierarchy is used to infer a set of volumetric primitives and their connectivity. As a front end to an object recognition system, the approach provides the indexing power of complex 3-D object-centered primitives while exploiting the convenience of 2-D viewer-centered aspect matching; aspects are used to represent a finite vocabulary of 3-D parts from which objects can be constructed. >
Management and Morale.

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Nanowire platform for mapping neural circuits

Biological systems consist of a myriad of highly interactive and complex interconnections and pathways across multiple orders of length and time scales. Natural neuronal networks are valuable examples of such systems because they are important for understanding how the brain functions. Monitoring activities of a large number of neurons and intercommunication among them is critical for studying neuronal networks, for which passive microfabricated multielectrode arrays (MEAs) (1) and active planar silicon field effect transistor (FET) arrays (2) have been the two popular techniques. Now, a unique and more powerful technique has been developed, as demonstrated by Qing et al. in PNAS (3). The authors show that neuronal networks can now be studied with much higher spatial and temporal resolution while obtaining higher sensitivity of extracellular recording.
FFT-based adaptive 2-D DOA estimation for arbitrary array structures

Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is a ubiquitous task in array processing. The conventional MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) method is search-based and often computationally expensive, particularly in the application of joint azimuth and elevation estimation. In this paper, we propose an adaptive 2-dimensional direction finding framework to track multiple moving targets for arbitrary array structures by using the manifold separation technique (MST). First, we employ the subspace tracking technique to update the eigenbasis recursively on the arrival of a new data snapshot. In addition, by using the shift matrix a fast one-step operation is found to update the coefficient matrix in parallel. Finally, 2-D fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm is performed to compute the 2-D spatial spectrum at once. In comparison with the traditional MUSIC or root-MUSIC methods, the proposed method can reduce the computational complexity considerably.
CPOCL: A Narrative Planner Supporting Conflict

Conflict is an essential element of interesting stories, but little research in computer narrative has addressed it directly. We present a model of narrative conflict inspired by narratology research and based on Partial Order Causal Link (POCL) planning. This model informs an algorithm called CPOCL which extends previous research in story generation. Rather than eliminate all threatened causal links, CPOCL marks certain steps in a plan as non-executed in order to preserve the conflicting subplans of all characters without damaging the causal soundness of the overall story.
Image analysis benchmarking methods for high‐content screen design

The recent development of complex chemical and small interfering RNA (siRNA) collections has enabled large‐scale cell‐based phenotypic screening. High‐content and high‐throughput imaging are widely used methods to record phenotypic data after chemical and small interfering RNA treatment, and numerous image processing and analysis methods have been used to quantify these phenotypes. Currently, there are no standardized methods for evaluating the effectiveness of new and existing image processing and analysis tools for an arbitrary screening problem. We generated a series of benchmarking images that represent commonly encountered variation in high‐throughput screening data and used these image standards to evaluate the robustness of five different image analysis methods to changes in signal‐to‐noise ratio, focal plane, cell density and phenotype strength. The analysis methods that were most reliable, in the presence of experimental variation, required few cells to accurately distinguish phenotypic changes between control and experimental data sets. We conclude that by applying these simple benchmarking principles an a priori estimate of the image acquisition requirements for phenotypic analysis can be made before initiating an image‐based screen. Application of this benchmarking methodology provides a mechanism to significantly reduce data acquisition and analysis burdens and to improve data quality and information content.
Optimal demand response scheduling with Stackelberg game approach under load uncertainty for smart grid

This paper proposes a Stackelberg game approach to deal with demand response (DR) scheduling under load uncertainty based on real-time pricing (RTP) in a residential setup. We formulate the optimization problems for the service provider that acts as the leader and for the users who are the multiple followers, respectively. We derive the Stackelberg Equilibrium (SE) consisting of the optimal real-time electricity price and each user's optimal power consumption. Simulation results show the proposed DR scheduling not only can control the total power consumption, but also is beneficial to the service provider's revenue. Moreover, the load uncertainty increases the service provider's revenue and decreases each user's payoff.
Biologics and Cell Therapy Tissue Engineering Approaches for the Management of the Edentulous Maxilla: A Systematic Review.

PURPOSE The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate current and emerging regenerative approaches for implant site development in the edentulous atrophic maxilla using tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) principles and to identify priorities for future research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two independent examiners conducted a comprehensive search using specific keywords to identify original clinical studies using TERM for implant site development in the edentulous atrophic maxilla including indications for alveolar ridge preservation, horizontal alveolar augmentation, maxillary sinus augmentation, and augmentation of severe vertical or combined defects. Endpoints included clinical, radiographic, histologic, and patient-centered outcomes. RESULTS The initial search identified 3,061 articles. The final selection included 89 articles, of which 12 evaluated alveolar ridge preservation, 6 horizontal defects, 61 maxillary sinus augmentation, and 11 management of severe vertical or combined defects. A summary of the main findings relative to the effect of TERM-based approaches applied for implant site development in the atrophic maxillary segments is presented. Marked heterogeneity among included studies prevented meaningful quantitative analysis. The following relevant effects of TERM-based therapies for site development in the edentulous atrophic maxilla were observed: (1) recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in an absorbable collagen sponge carrier increased bone augmentation; (2) recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor BB in combination with freeze-dried bone allograft or beta tricalcium phosphate accelerated bone formation through accelerated remodeling of carrier biomaterials; (3) autologous cell therapy enhanced clinical and radiographic outcomes; (4) autologous cell therapy in alveolar ridge preservation provided superior histomorphometric outcomes (vital bone formation) at 6 weeks; and (5) platelet-rich plasma formulations combined with autologous bone grafts for maxillary sinus augmentation increased radiographic density and accelerated bone mineralization at 6 months. CONCLUSION Clinical success has been demonstrated with the application of different TERM modalities for implant site development in the edentulous atrophic maxilla. However, indications are narrow and further study is needed. Clinical trials assessing meaningful outcomes, involving larger populations, and with longer follow-up are warranted to discern the effectiveness of the achieved results compared with a valid control.