Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk of second primary cancer following prostate cancer radiotherapy: DVH analysis using the competitive risk model

This study aimed to estimate the risk of developing second primary cancer (SPC) corresponding to various radiation treatment techniques for prostate cancer. Estimation of SPC was done by analysing differential dose–volume histograms (DDVH) of normal tissues such as rectum, bladder and urethra with the competitive risk model. Differential DVHs were obtained from treatment planning systems for external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), low-dose-rate (LDR) and high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy techniques. The average risk of developing SPC was no greater than 0.6% for all treatment techniques but was lower with either LDR or HDR brachytherapy alone compared with any EBRT technique. For LDR and HDR brachytherapy alone, the risk of SPC for the rectum was 2.0 × 10−4% and 8.3 × 10−5% respectively compared with 0.2% for EBRT using five-field 3D-CRT to a total dose of 74 Gy. Overall, the risk of developing SPC for urethra following all radiation treatment techniques was very low compared with the rectum and bladder. Treatment plans which deliver equivalent doses of around 3–5 Gy to normal tissues were associated with higher risks of development of SPC.
Higher Order Large-Domain Hierarchical FEM Technique for Electromagnetic Modeling Using Legendre Basis Functions on Generalized Hexahedra

A novel higher-order large-domain hierarchical finite-element technique using curl-conforming vector basis functions constructed from standard Legendre polynomials on generalized curvilinear hexahedral elements is proposed for electromagnetic modeling. The technique combines the inherent modeling flexibility of hierarchical elements with excellent orthogonality and conditioning properties of Legendre curl-conforming basis functions, comparable to those of interpolatory techniques. The numerical examples show the reduction of the condition number of several orders of magnitude for high field-approximation orders (e.g., 14 orders of magnitude for entire-domain models) when compared to the technique using field expansions based on simple power functions and the same geometrical elements.
Sustained Dopamine Release Induced by Secretoneurin in the Striatum of the Rat: A Microdialysis Study

Abstract: Secretoneurin (SN) is a neuropeptide derived from secretogranin II that is found in brain and endocrine tissues. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of this novel peptide on dopamine (DA) release from rat striatum using the microdialysis technique. Rat SN (1–30 µmol/L added to the dialysis buffer) enhanced DA outflow of awake rats in a concentration‐dependent way without marked effects on the outflow of 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid or homovanillic acid. The increase in extracellular DA content caused by the peptide was observed throughout the entire period of administration (up to 4 h). Human SN and its 15‐amino‐acid C‐terminal sequence also increased DA outflow, but the effects were smaller than those of rat SN. Two other peptides derived from secretogranin II were without effect on DA efflux. These results establish that SN has a pronounced effect on DA release under in vivo conditions.
Measurement-Based Analysis of Delay-Doppler Characteristics in an Indoor Environment

An analysis of delay-Doppler characteristics in the presence of moving people is presented for short-range communication in an indoor environment. Channel-sounding measurements have been carried out at 3.6 GHz in a crowded university hall during several short and long breaks in-between courses. During three consecutive days, the measurements were repeated with different positions for the transmit and receive antennas. In this study, the behavior of the maximum Doppler shift and the Doppler spread was analyzed in the time-delay domain as a function of the occupation of the hall, the polarizations of the 2 × 2 MIMO antennas, and their positions in the hall. The measurements reveal a clear distinction between the Doppler spread of the short and long breaks in the campaign, indicating a distinctive power distribution of their Doppler spectra. In addition, there is a significant contrast between the Doppler characteristics of the co- and cross-polarizations. Measurements at several positions reveal the importance of characterizing multipaths and show that the Doppler effect depends on the position of the antennas in the environment. In addition, this work also shows that the Doppler spectrum can be accurately modeled by a Cauchy distribution, allowing for the generation of parameters to describe Doppler characteristics.
On optimal wavelet bases for classification of skin lesion images through ensemble learning

In order to recognize early symptoms of melanoma, the fatal cancer of the skin, systems for computer aided melanoma diagnosis have been developed for years. In this work we analyze an ensemble-based binary classifier for discriminating melanoma from dysplastic nevus utilizing wavelet-based features of the dermatoscopic skin lesion images. The multiresolution decomposition of the dermatoscopy images is done through wavelet packets. We search for the optimal wavelet base maximizing the quality of the classifier in terms of AUC (Area Under Curve) for models optimized by some common quality measures: accuracy, precision, Fl-score, FP-rate, specificity, BER and recall. Within the statistics of our experiments reverse bi-orthogonal wavelet rbio 3.1 makes the best wavelet model of melanoma.
Extent of tooth decay in the mouth and increased need for replacement of dental restorations: the New England Children's Amalgam Trial.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between baseline caries experience and the restoration replacement rate in children. METHODS The 5-year New England Children's Amalgam Trial recruited 534 6- to 10-year-old children with 2 or more carious posterior teeth. The association between decoy and longevity of restorations was assessed. Restorations with no follow-up (N = 391) were excluded from analysis. RESULTS The average follow-up was 3.0 +/- 1.6 years in 489 children. Restorations with follow-up (N = 3,604) were placed in mouths with a median of 15 dfs/DFS and 8 dft/DFT. The need for replacement increased significantly (P < or = .001) with increasing numbers of dfs/DFS and dft/DFT. After 5 years of follow-up, at least 15% of restorations in a mouth with > or = 14 dfs/DFS needed replacement, compared to 9% for 2 to 5 dfs/DFS. Comparing dft/DFT after 5 years of follow-up, there was a 23% replacement rate for > or = 12 dft/DFT compared to 10% for 2 to 3 dft/DFT. Decoy in the mouth had a greater association with the need for replacement due to new caries compared to replacement due to recurrent caries. CONCLUSION Children with more decoy at the time of restoration placement were at higher risk for replacement of restorations.
A Sustainable Graphene Based Cement Composite

The rheological properties of fresh cement paste with different content of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), different shear rate cycles and resting time was investigated. The rheological data were fitted by the Bingham model, Modified Bingham model, Herschel–Bulkley model and Casson model to estimate the yield stress and plastic viscosity, and to see trend of the flow curves. The effectiveness of these rheological models was expressed by the standard error. Test results showed that yield stress and plastic viscosity increased with the increase in the content of graphene in the cement based composite and resting time while the values of these parameters decreased for higher shear rate cycle. In comparison to control sample, the GNP cement based composite showed 30% increase in load carrying capacity and 73% increase in overall failure strain. Piezo-resistive characteristics of GNP were employed to evaluate the self-sensing composite material. It was found that, at maximum compressive load, the electrical resistivity value reduced by 42% and hence GNP cement based composite can be used to detect the damages in concrete. Finally, the practical application of this composite material was evaluated by testing full length reinforced concrete beam. It was found that graphene–cement composite specimen successfully predicted the response against cracks propagation and hence can be used as self-sensing composite material.
Histogram Classi ers Using Vocal Tractand Pitch Information forText-Independent Speaker Identi cationFr

| This paper proposes a new text-independent speaker identiication method based on histogram classiiers using vocal tract and pitch information. The purpose of this research is to create a very simple and fast speaker identiication method. The method uses several feature parameters (cepstral coeecients, pitch) related to both vocal tract and pitch information extracted from spoken sentences. This paper shows that the pitch is an additional important characteristic which improves signiicantly the speaker identiication performances. This proposed method, evaluated using a subset of the DARPA TIMIT database composed of 462 speakers, provides good results which encourage further research.
Effect of Isocyanide on the Ultrastructure of Mouse Pineal *

To investigate the possible influence of a strong malodorant on the pineal gland, the effects of tertiary n‐butyl isocyanide on the ultrastructure of pinealocytes were studied. Adult male mice were adapted to a 23 hr dark: 1 hr light “long night” regimen to stimulate their pineal glands. Pinealocytes in “long night” adapted animals appeared metabolically active. Dramatic ultrastructural changes seen in pinealocytes of “long night” adapted animals after a six‐hour exposure to the malodorant followed by a ten‐hour period of rest included an increase in density of the nuclear chromatin, dilatations of the nuclear envelope, dilatation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and swelling of mitochondria. Isocyanide treatment did not affect the ultrastructure of liver, kidney, olfactory bulb or striate cortex of the animals exposed to odor. Our observations indicate that inhalation of isocyanide induces specific ultrastructural changes in the pineal gland which may be suggestive of its altered synthetic activity.
[Studies on chemical constituents of alpinia katsumadai].

OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents from the ethanolic extract of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata. METHODS The compounds were separated with the column chromatographic, and their structures were identified by chemical and spectroscopic methods. RESULTS Eight compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract. On the basis of their physical and chemical properties and spectroscopic analysis, the structures of seven compounds were identified. They were 1,7-Diphenyl-5-hydroxy-4, 6-heptadien-3-one(I), 1,7-Diphenyl4, 6-heptadien-3-one(II), Pinocembrin (III), Cardamomin (IV), Alpinetin (V), 7,4'-Dihydroxy-5-methoxy flavanones(VI) and beta-Sitosterol(VIII), respectively. CONCLUSION Compounds I , II and VII are separated from this plant for the first time. Compounds I and II are also obtained from this genus of Alpinetin for the first time.
On k-skip shortest paths

Given two vertices s, t in a graph, let P be the shortest path (SP) from <i>s</i> to <i>t</i>, and <i>P*</i> a subset of the vertices in <i>P</i>. <i>P*</i> is a <i>k</i>-skip shortest path from <i>s</i> to <i>t</i>, if it includes at least a vertex out of every <i>k</i> consecutive vertices in <i>P</i>. In general, <i>P*</i> succinctly describes <i>P</i> by sampling the vertices in <i>P</i> with a rate of at least 1/k. This makes <i>P*</i> a natural substitute in scenarios where reporting every single vertex of <i>P</i> is unnecessary or even undesired. This paper studies <i>k</i>-skip <i>SP</i> computation in the context of <i>spatial network databases (SNDB)</i>. Our technique has two properties crucial for real-time query processing in SNDB. First, our solution is able to answer <i>k</i>-skip queries <i>significantly faster</i> than finding the original <i>SPs</i> in their entirety. Second, the previous objective is achieved with a structure that occupies <i>less space</i> than storing the underlying road network. The proposed algorithms are the outcome of a careful theoretical analysis that reveals valuable insight into the characteristics of the <i>k</i>-skip <i>SP</i> problem. Their efficiency has been confirmed by extensive experiments with real data.
3D motion reconstruction for real-world camera motion

This paper addresses the problem of 3D motion reconstruction from a series of 2D projections under low reconstructibility. Reconstructibility defines the accuracy of a 3D reconstruction from 2D projections given a particular trajectory basis, 3D point trajectory, and 3D camera center trajectory. Reconstructibility accuracy is inherently related to the correlation between point and camera trajectories. Poor correlation leads to good reconstruction, high correlation leads to poor reconstruction. Unfortunately, in most real-world situations involving non-rigid objects (e.g. bodies), camera and point motions are highly correlated (i.e., slow and smooth) resulting in poor reconstructibility. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for 3D motion reconstruction of non-rigid body motion in the presence of real-world camera motion. Specifically we: (i) propose the inclusion of a small number of keyframes in the video sequence from which 3D coordinates are inferred/estimated to circumvent ambiguities between point and camera motion, and (ii) employ a L1 penalty term to enforce a spar-sity constraint on the trajectory basis coefficients so as to ensure our reconstructions are consistent with the natural compressibility of human motion. We demonstrate impressive 3D motion reconstruction for 2D projection sequences with hitherto low reconstructibility.
Management of Thoracal and Lumbar Schwannomas Using a Unilateral Approach without Instability: An Analysis of 15 Cases

Study Design Retrospective case series. Purpose The objectives of this study were to determine and discuss the surgical planning of patients who underwent operations following diagnoses of thoracal and lumbar spinal schwannomas. We also aimed to discuss the application of unilateral hemilaminectomy for the microsurgery of schwannomas. Overview of Literature Schwannomas are located in different regions and sites. These differences require several surgical approaches. Unilateral laminectomy without stabilization of the spine provides a more minimally invasive removal of the tumor. Methods In this retrospective study, 15 patients with spinal schwannomas were evaluated with regards to age, sex, onset history, neurological findings, tumor locations, McCormick scale, surgical procedure, and operational results. The lateral approach provides exposure of intradural structures and posterior paraspinal regions. Extensions of tumors cause problem for the surgeon in terms of approach, resectability of the tumor, and stability of the spine. Gross total resection was achieved in all cases, and none of the patients necessary required a fusion procedure. Results Five patients were males and 10 were females. The age interval was 29-65 years. The tumor was located in the lumbar region in 9 patients, in the thoracic region in 2 patients, and in the thoracolumbar junction in 4 patients. The intradural lesions were removed by laminectomy and the extradural lesions were resected with hemilaminectomy. The paramedian route was used to explore the extraspinal part of the tumor. Costotransversectomy was for the thoracic region. Subtotal resection was performed in 1 patient. Patient symptoms recovered gradually in the postoperative period. Conclusions Resection of giant schwannomas is challenging and usually requires a different approach. We describe the complete resection of complex dumbbell or paraspinal schwannomas of the thoracic and lumbar spine by unilateral hemilaminectomy.
Smartocracy: Social Networks for Collective Decision Making

Smartocracy is a social software system for collective decision making. The system is composed of a social network that links individuals to those they trust to make good decisions and a decision network that links individuals to their voted-on solutions. Such networks allow a variety of algorithms to convert the link choices made by individual participants into specific decision outcomes. Simply interpreting the linkages differently (e.g. ignoring trust links, or using them to weight an individual's vote) provides a variety of outcomes fit for different decision making scenarios. This paper can discuss the Smartocracy network data structures, the suite of collective decision making algorithms currently supported, and the results of two collective decisions regarding the design of the system
Developing Emotional Intelligence in a Multiage Classroom.

This action research project investigated a modified integrated curriculum for students in a multiage classroom who lacked personal and social skills. The lack of such skills in the prekindergarten through first-grade students was documented by means of teacher observations, summary reports, daily behavior reports, student portfolios, discussions with other teachers, and test scores. Data revealed that the students had problems with poor listening, off-task behavior, high levels of dependency on older peers within the class, disruptive behavior due to high frustration levels, low participation in classroom activities, and inability to make transitions successfully from group to independent activities. An examination of curriculum content and instructional strategies revealed few opportunities for students to make choices, no integration of the desired social skills in the curriculum, ineffective team building strategies, and inappropriate implementation of individual monitoring plans. Two interventions were selected: a revised and enhanced approach to implementing the Second Step Program (Committee for Children), and a mandatory staff development workshop that focused on instructional strategies and curriculum enhancements to more effectively develop students' personal and social skills. Post-intervention data indicated an improvement in the students' transfer of social skills in daily real-life situations, an improvement in their approach to resolving conflicts, and an increase in their ability to work cooperatively. (Seven appendices include checklists and questionnaires. Contains 31 references.) (EV) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.
Gaussian Process Random Fields

Gaussian processes have been successful in both supervised and unsupervised machine learning tasks, but their computational complexity has constrained practical applications. We introduce a new approximation for large-scale Gaussian processes, the Gaussian Process Random Field (GPRF), in which local GPs are coupled via pairwise potentials. The GPRF likelihood is a simple, tractable, and parallelizeable approximation to the full GP marginal likelihood, enabling latent variable modeling and hyperparameter selection on large datasets. We demonstrate its effectiveness on synthetic spatial data as well as a real-world application to seismic event location.
Novel Incentives in Language Resource Development

The gap between supply of and demand for Language Resources continues to impede progress in linguistic research and technology development, even in the face of immense international effort to create the requisite data and tools. This deficiency affects all languages in some way, even those with worldwide economic and political influence. Moreover, for most of the world’s 7000 linguistic varieties the absence is acute. Current approaches cannot hope to meet the resource demand for even a reasonable subset of the languages currently spoken because they seek to document phenomena of great variability principally using resources, such as national funding, that are highly constrained in terms of amount, duration and scope. This paper describes efforts to augment the traditional incentives of monetary compensation with alternate incentives in order to elicit greater contributions of linguistic data, metadata and annotation. It also touches on the adjustments to workforces, workflows and post-processing needed to collect and exploit data elicited under novel incentives.
Kinetic Model of Nav1.5 Channel Provides a Subtle Insight into Slow Inactivation Associated Excitability in Cardiac Cells

Voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5 has been linked to the cardiac cell excitability and a variety of arrhythmic syndromes including long QT, Brugada, and conduction abnormalities. Nav1.5 exhibits a slow inactivation, corresponding to a duration-dependent bi-exponential recovery, which is often associated with various arrhythmia syndromes. However, the gating mechanism of Nav1.5 and the physiological role of slow inactivation in cardiac cells remain elusive. Here a 12-state two-step inactivation Markov model was successfully developed to depict the gating kinetics of Nav1.5. This model can simulate the Nav1.5 channel in not only steady state processes, but also various transient processes. Compared with the simpler 8-state model, this 12-state model is well-behaved in simulating and explaining the processes of slow inactivation and slow recovery. This model provides a good framework for further studying the gating mechanism and physiological role of sodium channel in excitable cells.
DETERMINING PARETO OPTIMAL CONTROLLER PARAMETER SETS OF AIRCRAFT CONTROL SYSTEMS USING GENETIC ALGORITHM Can

Change of parameters, such as dynamic pressure, Mach number, etc., have a significant influence on the dynamic properties of aircraft, and consideration of every necessary point in the flight envelope is important for the design of a flight control system. Because of this characteristic of the design problem one of the efficient design methods is the multi-model approach. A genetic algorithm is coded to optimize a vector of performance indices of each model in multi model. The results in this paper showed that the genetic algorithm is convenient for determining pareto optimal controller parameter sets. Key-Words: Flight control, genetic algorithm, pareto optimal, multiobjective optimization.
An efficient parallelization technique for high throughput FFT-ASIPs

Fast Fourier transformation (FFT) and its inverse (IFFT) are used in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems for data (de)modulation. The transformations are the kernel tasks in an OFDM implementation, and are the most processing-intensive ones. Recent trends in the electronic consumer market require OFDM implementations to be flexible, making a trade-off between area, energy-efficiency, flexibility and timing a necessity. This has spurred the development of application-specific instruction-set processors (ASIPs) for FFT processing. Parallelization is an architectural parameter that significantly influence design goals. This paper presents an analysis of the efficiency of parallelization techniques for an FFT-ASIP. It is shown that existing techniques are inefficient for high throughput applications such as ultra wideband (UWB), because of memory bottlenecks. Therefore, an interleaved execution technique which exploits temporal parallelism is proposed. With this technique, it is possible to meet the throughput requirement of UWB (409.6 Msamples/s) with only 4 non-trivial butterfly units for an ASIP that runs at 400MHz