Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The research of an energy recovery retarder with SRM structure

Most of the kinetic energy of car is transformed into heat with the traditional retarder. Then the heat is dissipating to the environment. A energy recovery retarder is introduced in this paper in order to overcome the shortcoming of the traditional retarder. The special single-phase switched reluctance motor is selected as the energy recovery retarder because of the launch of conditions. This solution has advantages such as large braking torque, simple structure, durable. The new retarder is easy to integrate with gearbox. it can adjust the speed of the first shaft of the gearbox. A single-phase switched reluctance motor for the retarder is designed in this paper. The theoretical calculation and simulation with Ansoft software is carried on. The calculation and simulation results show that the new retarder has energy recovery function.
The safety and efficacy of front-firing green-light laser endoscopic en bloc photoselective vapo-enucleation of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Purpose Laser therapy provides an alternative option for treating non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, the clinical evidence for potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser en bloc resection is still limited. Here, we investigated the efficacy and safety of the 120-W front-firing KTP laser for the treatment of NMIBC. Methods A total of 64 patients with NMIBC treated with either a 120-W front-firing KTP-photoselective vapo-enucleation of the bladder tumor (PVEBT, n=34) or transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT, n=30) were included. En bloc resection was applied to the patients in PVEBT group. Results There was no significant difference in rinsing time (P=0.292), indwelling catheter (P=0.080), pathologic type, and T stage (P=0.870) between the two groups. Compared with the TURBT group, patients treated with PVEBT had a shorter hospitalization stay (P=0.044), a shorter operation time (P=0.008), and a lower muscle miss rate (P=0.044). PVEBT is superior to TURBT in terms of the rate of 1-year recurrence (P=0.015) and tumor grade progression rate (P=0.019). Conclusion The 120-W front-firing KTP laser en bloc enucleation technique is a safe and feasible procedure for treating patients with NMIBC. Further external validation in larger cohorts with a long follow-up period is warranted.
Genetic basis of leg health and its relationship with body weight in purebred turkey lines

&NA; The aims of this study were to estimate the genetic parameters for leg and foot health and mobility in purebred turkey lines and their genetic correlations with BW. Traits were gait score (GS) as an overall measure of leg health, footpad dermatitis (FPD), and 2 skeletal leg health traits, namely, valgus and varus deformities (VVD) and tibial dyschondroplasia (TD). Data from 4 different lines, comprising 3 yr of phenotypic records and 4 yr of pedigree information per line, were used. The sex average BW for the lines at 18 wk ranged from 19.1 kg (line A) to 12.4 kg (line D). The prevalence of VVD ranged from 5.2 to 14.6% and for TD from 4.1 to 23.2%. The average score for FPD on a scale of 0 to 100 ranged from 48.5 to 61.1. Gait Score was scored on a scale of 1 to 5, standardized to a mean of 3 and SD of 1. Heritabilities were estimated at 0.08 to 0.13 for GS, 0.01 to 0.07 for VVD, 0.06 to 0.12 for TD, and 0.10 to 0.15 for FPD (all SE ≤ 0.02). Estimates of the genetic correlations between VVD and TD ranged from 0.03 to 0.21 (all SE ≤ 0.08), and estimates of these with GS ranged from 0.07 to 0.87 (all SE ≤ 0.09). The genetic correlations of FPD with GS ranged from 0.00 to 0.34 (all SE ≤ 0.04), and with the skeletal leg health traits from ‐0.06 to 0.33 (all SE ≤ 0.06). Body weight showed estimated genetic correlations ranging from 0.28 to 0.51 (all SE ≤ 0.06) with GS, ‐0.06 to 0.50 (all SE ≤ 0.13) with VVD/TD and 0.05 to 0.34 (all SE ≤ 0.05) with FPD. The results suggest that selection for improved leg health can be incorporated effectively in a commercial turkey breeding program using balanced breeding goals, in which production traits and leg health traits are considered simultaneously.
Population Size and Distribution of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii in Relation to Total Soil Bacteria and Soil Depth

Bacterial cells small enough to pass through 0.4-μm-pore-size filters made up 5 to 9% of the indigenous bacterial population in 0- to 20-cm-depth samples of Abiqua silty clay loam. Within the same soil samples, cells of a similar dimension were stained with fluorescent antibodies specific to each of four antigenically distinct indigenous serogroups of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii and made up 22 to 34% of the soil population of the four serogroups. Despite the extensive contribution of small cells to these soil populations, no evidence of their being capable of either growth or nodulation was obtained. The density of soil bacteria which could be cultured ranged between 0.5 and 8.5% of the >0.4-μm direct count regardless of media, season of sampling, or soil depth. In the same soil samples, the viable nodulating populations of biovar trifolii determined by the plant infection soil dilution technique ranged between 1 and 10% of the >0.4-μm direct-immunofluorescence count of biovar trifolii. The <0.4-μm cell populations of both total soil bacteria and biovar trifolii changed abruptly between the 10- to 15-cm and 15- to 20-cm soil depth increments, increasing from 5 to 20% and from 20 to 50%, respectively, of their direct-count totals. The increase in density of the small-cell population corresponded to a significant increase in soil bulk density (1.07 to 1.21 g cm−3). The percent contribution of the <0.4-μm direct count to individual serogroup totals increased with soil depth by approximately 2-fold (39 to 87%) for serogroups 17 and 21 and by 12-fold (6 to 75%) for serogroups 6 and 36.
Sensitivity to the acoustic correlates of lexical stress and their relationship to reading in skilled readers

The role of suprasegmental information in reading processes is a growing area of interest, and sensitivity to lexical stress has been shown to explain unique variance in reading development. However, less is known about its role in skilled reading. This study aimed to investigate the acoustic features of suprasegmental information using a same/different cross-modal matching task. Sixty-four adult participants completed standardized measures of reading accuracy, reading speed, and comprehension and performed an experimental task. The experimental task required the participants to identify whether non-speech acoustic sequences matched the characteristics of written words. The findings indicated differences in responses depending on where the lexical stress was required for the word. Moreover, evidence was found to support the view that amplitude information is part of the word knowledge retrieval process in skilled reading. The findings are discussed relative to models of reading and the role of lexical stress in lexical access.
The PeptideAtlas project

The completion of the sequencing of the human genome and the concurrent, rapid development of high-throughput proteomic methods have resulted in an increasing need for automated approaches to archive proteomic data in a repository that enables the exchange of data among researchers and also accurate integration with genomic data. PeptideAtlas () addresses these needs by identifying peptides by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), statistically validating those identifications and then mapping identified sequences to the genomes of eukaryotic organisms. A meaningful comparison of data across different experiments generated by different groups using different types of instruments is enabled by the implementation of a uniform analytic process. This uniform statistical validation ensures a consistent and high-quality set of peptide and protein identifications. The raw data from many diverse proteomic experiments are made available in the associated PeptideAtlas repository in several formats. Here we present a summary of our process and details about the Human, Drosophila and Yeast PeptideAtlas builds.
Cracking the Corruption Code: The Case of Afghanistan

i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii LIST OF TABLES . iv CHAPTERS CHAPTER 1 – Introduction 1 CHAPTER 2 – Literature Review 7 CHAPTER 3 – Data & Methodology 16 CHAPTER 4 – Results 20 CHAPTER 5 –Conclusion, Recommendation 29 BIBLIOGRAPHY 31 APPENDICES Appendix A – Johansen Cointegration Test 34 VITA 37
“NO PANSIES!!”: Exploring the Concept of “Style” through Ethnographic Fieldwork

Abstract Drawing on my doctoral thesis in Fashion Studies, I will use this article to demonstrate how my work has furthered the definition and areas of usage concerning the notion of “style” in a fashion theoretical context. Particular focus is given to materialization processes regarding gender and sexuality in the production of styles, and the aim is to elaborate on how an enhanced understanding of “style” can operate as a tool of analysis in the field of fashion studies. The text focuses on a specific case study, originally part of the ethnographic fieldwork I carried out as part of the thesis project, involving a study participant hosting a private event at Stockholm nightclub Berns. During the evening at Berns, the terms and conditions surrounding the regulations of power highlighted through how people dress and interact are discernable. People were continuously appraised, categorized, and separated through differences in appearance, enforcing differences through what they wore and whose company they were in. The details of the case study demonstrate ways in which the concept of style can be contextualized, this way interlacing ethnographic fieldwork with a theoretical discussion on terminology.
Interdisciplinarity, group responsibility and conflict as resources for learning

In the autumn of 2011, the course “The City: Boundary Transgressions and Visual Expressions” was given for the first time. Formally placed at the Division of Art History and Visual Studies, the course was a collaboration with the Division of Social Anthropology and was directed towards students from a range of disciplines within the fields of the humanities and social sciences. The course included an excursion to a European city (e.g. Paris, Berlin) during which the students conducted minor field studies in interdisciplinary groups. The present text presents and discusses some of the experiences derived from the course in relation to the themes of interdisciplinarity, conflict and group responsibility as learning resources. The main ideas behind the interdisciplinary group work as a central TLA was to give the students first-hand experience with different scientific methods and stances and to contextualize and emphasize the tradition that each student is embedded in. The response was generally positive. Students found it educational to use methods from different fields to gain a holistic understanding of their object of study. However, the course evaluations also show that the organization of the interdisciplinary group work can be challenging. Rather than seeing the conflicts that arise among students as a problem, in this paper we suggest to see them as resources and opportunities for learning. Consequently, while the course team has been available for consultation, the students have been expected to solve confrontations among themselves. This process of handling differences of opinion, work routines, etc. prepares the students for professional life both inside and outside of academia. (Less)
Societal marketing and morality

Societal marketing emerged in the early 1970s, promising a more socially responsible and ethical model for marketing. While the societal marketing concept has attracted its adherents and critics, the literature on societal marketing has remained sketchy and underdeveloped, particularly with respect to its underlying (and largely implicit) moral agenda. By making the moral basis of societal marketing more explicit, this article primarily seeks to offer a moral critique of the societal marketing concept. By situating discussion within notions of psychological and ethical egoism, argues that, in moral terms at least, the societal marketing concept is clearly an extension of the marketing concept, rather than a fundamental reconstruction of marketing theory. While acknowledging the use of the societal marketing concept in practice, this use is problematized with respect to a number of critical moral issues. In particular, the question of who should and can decide what is in the public’s best interests, and elucidate the moral deficiencies of the rational‐instrumental process upon which marketing decisions are frequently rationalised. Suggests that attention should be refocused away from prescribing what “moral” or “societal” marketing should be, and towards developing an understanding of the structures, meanings and discourses which shape and explain marketing and consumption decision making and sustain its positive and negative impacts on society.
Graph theoretic error-correcting codes

A study of the efficiency, error-correcting capabilities, and limitations of graph theoretic block codes is presented. Augmentation of graph theoretic codes and their generation is discussed. It is shown that such augmentation techniques can substantially increase the level of efficiency of these codes and potentially could increase it to the level of the best available codes. Furthermore, the augmented graph theoretic codes are shown to be easily decodable.
Distribution of RNase MRP RNA during Xenopus laevis oogenesis

RNase MRP is a ribonucleoprotein endoribonuclease found predominantly in nucleoli, but which has been associated with mitochondria and mitochondrial RNA processing. In order to analyze the intracellular localization of specific RNA components of ribonucleoproteins of this type, a whole‐mount method for in situ hybridization in Xenopus laevis oocytes was employed. Results with specific probes (for both mitochondrial and nonmitochondrial RNAs) indicate that this procedure is generally effective for the detection of a variety of nucleic acids that reside in different cellular compartments. Probes used to detect the endogenous RNA component of RNase MRP (MRP RNA) during X. laevis oogenesis revealed a continuous nuclear signal as well as a possible dual localization of MRP RNA in nucleoli and mitochondria at developmental stages temporally consistent with both ribosomal and mitochondrial biogenesis. Genomic DNA encoding MRP RNA was injected into the nuclei of stage VI oocytes and correctly transcribed. The in vivo–transcribed RNA was properly assembled with at least some of its cognate proteins as demonstrated by immunoprecipitation with specific autoantiserum. In addition, detectable levels of the RNA were exported to the cytoplasm. This whole‐mount procedure has permitted us to identify MRP RNA in situ at different developmental time points as well as during transcription of the injected gene, and suggests differential localization of MRP RNA during oogenesis consistent with its proposed function in both mitochondria and nucleoli. © 1995 wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Learning environment model at runtime for self-adaptive systems

Self-adaptive systems alter their behavior in response to environmental changes to continually satisfy their requirements. Self-adaptive systems employ an environment model, which should be updated during runtime to maintain consistency with the real environment. Although some techniques have been proposed to learn environment model based on execution traces at the design time, these techniques are time consuming and consequently inappropriate for runtime learning. Herein, a technique using a stochastic gradient descent and the difference in the data acquired during the runtime is proposed as an efficient learning environment model. The computational time and accuracy of our technique are verified through study.
Children's Perspectives on Cyberbullying: Insights Based on Participatory Research

Cyberbullying is an emerging problem among youngsters. Although the current body of knowledge about cyberbullying is expanding rapidly, it lacks a more in-depth research approach honoring adolescents' perspectives on the problem. Moreover, very few studies have focused on cyberbullying among elementary school children. The purpose of this study therefore, was to explore children's perspectives on the problem of cyberbullying. A participatory research design was used in which 28 children (aged 11-12 from four elementary schools) actively participated for 6 weeks in weekly scheduled group sessions. In these sessions, different aspects of cyberbullying were discussed using various enabling techniques. Between sessions, the children were given preparation assignments. The research revealed several ambiguities that should be addressed in interventions against cyberbullying. First, it appears difficult for all parties involved to distinguish cyberbullying from innocent pranks. Frequency and intention are key variables, but these are ambiguous in the context of cyberbullying. Second, cyberbullies may have very different motives, not all of which have to do with their relationship with the victim. Third, the expectations children have of the way their parents or teachers will react to incidents of cyberbullying are an obstacle for seeking help. Children are particularly afraid of overreaction and the subsequent loss of their Internet privileges. These results confirm earlier insights from research on cyberbullying, and examine the ambiguities in more detail. In addition, the research demonstrates the usefulness of participatory research to investigate cyberbullying among younger children and demonstrates that the research led to mutual learning.
Prospective study of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression following trauma.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the onset, overlap, and course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression following traumatic events. METHOD The occurrence of PTSD and major depression and the intensity of related symptoms were assessed in 211 trauma survivors recruited from a general hospital's emergency room. Psychometrics and structured clinical interview (the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale) were administered 1 week, 1 month, and 4 months after the traumatic event. Heart rate was assessed upon arrival at the emergency room for subjects with physical injury. Twenty-three subjects with PTSD and 35 matched comparison subjects were followed for 1 year. RESULTS Major depression and PTSD occurred early on after trauma; patients with these diagnoses had similar recovery rates: 63 survivors (29.9%) met criteria for PTSD at 1 month, and 37 (17.5%) had PTSD at 4 months. Forty subjects (19.0%) met criteria for major depression at 1 month, and 30 (14.2%) had major depression at 4 months. Comorbid depression occurred in 44.5% of PTSD patients at 1 month and in 43.2% at 4 months. Comorbidity was associated with greater symptom severity and lower levels of functioning. Survivors with PTSD had higher heart rate levels at the emergency room and reported more intrusive symptoms, exaggerated startle, and peritraumatic dissociation than those with major depression. Prior depression was associated with a higher prevalence of major depression and with more reported symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Major depression and PTSD are independent sequelae of traumatic events, have similar prognoses, and interact to increase distress and dysfunction. Both should be targeted by early treatment interventions and by neurobiological research.
AGRICOH: A Consortium of Agricultural Cohorts

AGRICOH is a recently formed consortium of agricultural cohort studies involving 22 cohorts from nine countries in five continents: South Africa (1), Canada (3), Costa Rica (2), USA (6), Republic of Korea (1), New Zealand (2), Denmark (1), France (3) and Norway (3). The aim of AGRICOH, initiated by the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) and coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), is to promote and sustain collaboration and pooling of data to investigate the association between a wide range of agricultural exposures and a wide range of health outcomes, with a particular focus on associations that cannot easily be addressed in individual studies because of rare exposures (e.g., use of infrequently applied chemicals) or relatively rare outcomes (e.g., certain types of cancer, neurologic and auto-immune diseases). To facilitate future projects the need for data harmonization of selected variables is required and is underway. Altogether, AGRICOH provides excellent opportunities for studying cancer, respiratory, neurologic, and auto-immune diseases as well as reproductive and allergic disorders, injuries and overall mortality in association with a wide array of exposures, prominent among these the application of pesticides.
Extracting low-dimensional control variables for movement primitives

Movement primitives (MPs) provide a powerful framework for data driven movement generation that has been successfully applied for learning from demonstrations and robot reinforcement learning. In robotics we often want to solve a multitude of different, but related tasks. As the parameters of the primitives are typically high dimensional, a common practice for the generalization of movement primitives to new tasks is to adapt only a small set of control variables, also called meta parameters, of the primitive. Yet, for most MP representations, the encoding of these control variables is pre-coded in the representation and can not be adapted to the considered tasks. In this paper, we want to learn the encoding of task-specific control variables also from data instead of relying on fixed meta-parameter representations. We use hierarchical Bayesian models (HBMs) to estimate a low dimensional latent variable model for probabilistic movement primitives (ProMPs), which is a recent movement primitive representation. We show on two real robot datasets that ProMPs based on HBMs outperform standard ProMPs in terms of generalization and learning from a small amount of data and also allows for an intuitive analysis of the movement. We also extend our HBM by a mixture model, such that we can model different movement types in the same dataset.
The Psychology of Interrogations and Confessions: A Handbook

About the Author.Series Preface.Preface. Acknowledgments.Introduction. PART I: INTERROGATIONS AND CONFESSIONS. Interrogation Tactics and Techniques. Interrogation in Britain. Persons at Risk During Interviews in Police Custody: the Royal Commission Studies. The Identification and Measurement of 'Oppressive' Police Interviewing Tactics in Britain. Why do Suspects Confess? Theories. Why do Suspects Confess? Empirical Findings. Miscarriages of Justice and False Confessions. The Psychology of False Confession: Research and Theoretical Issues. The Psychology of False Confession: Case Examples. PART II: LEGAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS. The English Law on Confessions. The American Law on Confessions. The Psychological Assessment. Suggestibility: Historical and Theoretical Aspects. Interrogative Suggestibility: Empirical Findings. PART III: BRITISH COURT OF APPEAL CASES. The Effects of Drugs and Alcohol Upon the Reliability of Testimony. The Court of Appeal. The 'Guildford Four' and the 'Birmingham Six'. Psychological Vulnerability. Police Impropriety. Misleading Special Knowledge. PART IV: FOREIGN CASES OF DISPUTED CONFESSIONS. Four High Profile American Cases. Canadian and Israeli Cases. Murder in Norway: a False Belief Leading to a False Confession. References. Appendix. Index.