Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ant colony optimization routing mechanisms with bandwidth sensing

The study and understanding of the social behavior of insects has contributed to the definition of some algorithms that are capable of solving several types of optimization problems. In 1997 Di Caro and Dorigo developed the first routing algorithm for wired networks, called AntNet, using an approach which was inspired in the behavior of ant colonies. At each node, AntNet, similar to others Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based algorithms, forward ants based in the amount of pheromones present in the links and in response to the node's queue lengths. In this paper, an adaptation of the e-DANTE algorithm for discrete problems, as an IP based routing mechanism, was implemented. We also propose the inclusion of a new parameter for the computation of paths for both the AntNet and the newly proposed algorithm: the available bandwith. Those methods were tested in ns-2 using two dense network architectures and their efficiency is compared with the original AntNet and a Link-State routing algorithm, when considering the transmission of competing traffic flows between distinct nodes.
Categorical characterizations of operator-valued measures

The most general type of measurement in quantum physics is modeled by a positive operator-valued measure (POVM). Mathematically, a POVM is a generalization of a measure, whose values are not real numbers, but positive operators on a Hilbert space. POVMs can equivalently be viewed as maps between effect algebras or as maps between algebras for the Giry monad. We will show that this equivalence is an instance of a duality between two categories. In the special case of continuous POVMs, we obtain two equivalent representations in terms of morphisms between von Neumann algebras.
Molecular epidemiological study of dengue virus type 1 in Taiwan

Taiwan has experienced several major outbreaks of dengue (DEN) virus since 1981. The predominant virus type involved has been dengue virus type one (DEN‐1), which first appeared in 1987. To understand the molecular epidemiology of this virus, 15 strains of DEN‐1 isolated during 1987–1991 and 1994–1995, including 11 epidemic strains, two sporadic strains, and two imported strains have been studied. Fragments of 490 nucleotides (nt) from the E/NS1 junction were amplified by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and the nt sequences were determined. Of the 490 nt of the E/NS1 junction, 240 nt (nt 2282–2521) were aligned and compared. Nucleotide substitutions were found at 54 positions among 15 isolates. Most nt changes were synonymous substitutions, and only three amino acid changes were found. A total of 61 strains isolated worldwide were analyzed by the Neighbor‐joining method, and separated phylogenetically into three distinct genotypes, I–III. Genotype I comprised isolates from Japan and Hawaii collected in the 1940s. Genotype II included most strains isolated from Asia in 1977–1995. Genotype III consisted of isolates from three continents in 1964–1995: Asia, the Americas, and Africa. Genotype III was divided further into two subgenotypes, IIIA and IIIB. Most recent isolates from Taiwan, except for the sporadic strain isolated in 1995, were similar genetically and have been classified as Genotype II. J. Med. Virol. 70:404–409, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bounded velocity planning for autonomous vehicles

The path-velocity decomposition scheme is frequently adopted in the context of trajectory planning. A technique for the optimal velocity planning, to be used that framework, is proposed in this paper. Differentiable velocity profiles, which fulfil assigned initial and final boundary conditions on the velocity itself and on its first derivative, are obtained by means of the proposed strategy. Moreover, profiles are constrained between assigned bounds, i.e. velocity is limited, and its second derivative (the longitudinal jerk) is minimized by means of an optimization algorithm. The extensive use of closed form expressions makes this approach suitable to be implemented in real-time applications.
UHV-Shear-Force Acoustic Near-Field Microscopy and Its Implementation in the Study of Confined Mesoscopic Fluids

This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. For more information, please contact pdxscholar@pdx.edu. Recommended Citation Brockman, Theodore Alex, "Shear-Force Acoustic Near-Field Microscopy and Its Implementation in the Study of Confined Mesoscopic Fluids" (2018). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 4710.
Differential Contributions of Bilateral Ventral Anterior Temporal Lobe and Left Anterior Superior Temporal Gyrus to Semantic Processes

Studies of semantic dementia and repetitive TMS have suggested that the bilateral anterior temporal lobes (ATLs) underpin a modality-invariant representational hub within the semantic system. However, it is not clear whether all ATL subregions contribute in the same way. We utilized distortion-corrected fMRI to investigate the pattern of activation in the left and right ATL when participants performed a semantic decision task on auditory words, environmental sounds, or pictures. This showed that the ATL is not functionally homogeneous but is more graded. Both left and right ventral ATL (vATL) responded to all modalities in keeping with the notion that this region underpins multimodality semantic processing. In addition, there were graded differences across the hemispheres. Semantic processing of both picture and environmental sound stimuli was associated with equivalent bilateral vATL activation, whereas auditory words generated greater activation in left than right vATL. This graded specialization for auditory stimuli would appear to reflect the input from the left superior ATL, which responded solely to semantic decisions on the basis of spoken words and environmental sounds, suggesting that this region is specialized to auditory stimuli. A final noteworthy result was that these regions were activated for domain level decisions to singly presented stimuli, which appears to be incompatible with the hypotheses that the ATL is dedicated (a) to the representation of specific entities or (b) for combinatorial semantic processes.
High-fat diet induces cardiac remodelling and dysfunction: assessment of the role played by SIRT3 loss

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in obesity‐induced cardiac impairment. SIRT3 is a mitochondrial protein associated with increased human life span and metabolism. This study investigated the functional role of SIRT3 in obesity‐induced cardiac dysfunction. Wild‐type (WT) and SIRT3 knockout (KO) mice were fed a normal diet (ND) or high‐fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. Body weight, fasting glucose levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, myocardial capillary density, cardiac function and expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1α/‐2α were assessed. HFD resulted in a significant reduction in SIRT3 expression in the heart. Both HFD and SIRT3 KO mice showed increased ROS formation, impaired HIF signalling and reduced capillary density in the heart. HFD induced cardiac hypertrophy and impaired cardiac function. SIRT3 KO mice fed HFD showed greater ROS production and a further reduction in cardiac function compared to SIRT3 KO mice on ND. Thus, the adverse effects of HFD on cardiac function were not attributable to SIRT3 loss alone. However, HFD did not further reduce capillary density in SIRT3 KO hearts, implicating SIRT3 loss in HFD‐induced capillary rarefaction. Our study demonstrates the importance of SIRT3 in preserving heart function and capillary density in the setting of obesity. Thus, SIRT3 may be a potential therapeutic target for obesity‐induced heart failure.
Relativistic hybrid stars with super-strong toroidal magnetic fields: An evolutionary track with QCD phase transition

ABSTRACT We investigate structures of hybrid stars, which feature quark core surrounded bya hadronic matter mantle, with super-strong toroidal magnetic ﬁelds in full generalrelativity. Modeling the equation of state (EOS) with a ﬁrst order transition by bridg-ing the MIT bag model for the description of quark matter and the nuclear EOS byShen et al., we numerically construct thousands of the equilibrium conﬁgurations tostudy the eﬀects of the phase transition. It is found that the appearance of the quarkphase can aﬀect distributions of the magnetic ﬁelds inside the hybrid stars, making themaximum ﬁeld strength about up to 30 % larger than for the normal neutron stars.Using the equilibrium conﬁgurations, we explore the possible evolutionary paths tothe formation of hybrid stars due to the spin-down of magnetized rotating neutronstars. We ﬁnd that the energy release by the phase transition to the hybrid stars isquite large (. 10 52 erg) even for super strongly magnetized compact stars. Our resultssuggest that the strong gravitational-wave emission and the sudden spin-up signaturecould be observable signals of the QCD phase transition, possibly for a source out toMegaparsec distances.Key words: dense matter – equation of state – gravitation – stars: rotation –stars:neutron
Fixed-step simulation of Continuous-Time ΣΔ modulators

A methodology for the simulation of continuous time sigma-delta (CTSigmaDelta) converters is presented in this paper. This method permits the simulation of SigmaDelta modulators employing continuous-time filters using a fixed-step algorithm. The analysis method is based on the discretization of a continuous-time model and using a discrete simulator, which is more efficient than an analog simulator. In our analysis approach, each sampling- period is divided into a fixed number of steps. This transformation is exact in term of Noise Transfer Function and asymptotically exact in term of Signal Transfer Function (the Signal Transfer Function of the model rapidly tends to the continuous time model transfer function when the number of steps increases). Moreover, the ideal step-size can be estimated from the bandwidth of the input signal.
Using Game Theory for Los Angeles Airport Security

Security at major locations of economic or political importance is a key concern around the world, particularly given the threat of terrorism. Limited security resources prevent full security coverage at all times, which allows adversaries to observe and exploit patterns in selective patrolling or monitoring, e.g. they can plan an attack avoiding existing patrols. Hence, randomized patrolling or monitoring is important, but randomization must provide distinct weights to different actions based on their complex costs and benefits. To this end, this paper describes a promising transition of the latest in multi-agent algorithms into a deployed application. In particular, it describes a software assistant agent called ARMOR (Assistant for Randomized Monitoring over Routes) that casts this patrolling/monitoring problem as a Bayesian Stackelberg game, allowing the agent to appropriately weigh the different actions in randomization, as well as uncertainty over adversary types. ARMOR combines two key features: (i) It uses the fastest known solver for Bayesian Stackelberg games called DOBSS, where the dominant mixed strategies enable randomization; (ii) Its mixed-initiative based interface allows users to occasionally adjust or override the automated schedule based on their local constraints. ARMOR has been successfully deployed since August 2007 at the Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) to randomize checkpoints on the roadways entering the airport and canine patrol routes within the airport terminals. This paper examines the information, design choices, challenges, and evaluation that went into designing ARMOR.
The metabolic consequences of an increase in the frequency of stimulation in isolated ferret hearts.

1. The metabolic consequences of an increase in the frequency of stimulation were examined in isolated ferret hearts. Intracellular pH (pHi) and the intracellular concentrations of phosphocreatine ([PCr]i), inorganic phosphate ([Pi]i) and ATP were measured by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. 2. Increasing the stimulus rate from 0.1‐0.7 to 2 Hz caused an increase in [Pi]i and a decrease recovery of both [PCr]i and [Pi]i during continued stimulation. There was no change in [ATP]i during stimulation at 2 Hz. Increasing the stimulus rate caused an intracellular acidosis of around 0.1 pH units. 3. Increasing the stimulus rate generally caused an initial increase in developed pressure, followed by a decrease over 1‐2 min to a steady level slightly lower than developed pressure at the low (control) stimulus rate. The increase in stimulus rate caused a 4‐ to 6‐fold increase in time‐averaged muscle activity. 4. Both oxygen uptake and production of lactate increased on 2 Hz stimulation. Lactate production accounted for less than 5% of ATP production at low or high stimulus rates, suggesting that significant anoxia was not occurring during stimulation. The observed lactate production was, however, sufficient to explain most of the intracellular acidosis observed when the stimulus rate was raised. When glycolysis was prevented by removal of glucose and depletion of glycogen stores, 2 Hz stimulation was accompanied by an intracellular alkalosis rather than an acidosis, suggesting that lactate production by glycolysis was the cause of the intracellular acidosis. 5. Reducing the rate of glycolysis increased the size of changes in [PCr]i and [Pi]i evoked by stimulation at 2 Hz. Furthermore, there was now no partial reversal of the changes in [PCr]i and [Pi]i during 2 Hz stimulation. 6. When oxidative phosphorylation was inhibited by replacing O2 with N2, increasing the rate of stimulation from 0.1‐0.7 to 1‐2 Hz caused an initial increase followed by a large fall in developed pressure, which declined to a level well below that at the control stimulus rate. The increase in stimulus rate was accompanied by a large fall in [PCr]i, an increase in [Pi]i, and an intracellular acidosis of 0.1‐0.3 pH units. The fall in developed pressure was consistent with the known effects of the rise in [Pi]i and the fall in pHi on the contractile apparatus.
A novel ensembled technique for anomaly detection

Anomaly detection is a technique that works to detect those instances of data that do not comply with the data model. In this paper the problem of anomaly detection in networked traffic data is considered, and a novel ensembled technique for anomaly detection is proposed. The proposed technique uses a combination of fuzzy K‐means clustering algorithm, extended Kalman filter, and support vector machines to detect the anomalies. In the proposed technique, fuzzy membership functions are used instead of crisp clusters to compute the best set of features by fuzzy k‐means algorithm. These features are then optimized with a nonlinear Bayesian approach known as extended Kalman filter. The resultant optimized set of features is then provided as an input to the support vector machine classifier that detects the network anomalies. The proposed technique is validated by using 2 benchmark datasets, ie, DARPA 1998 and KDD CUP 1999. Experimental results indicate that the proposed technique performs quite well as compared to its traditional counterparts in accuracy, detection rate, false positive rate, and F‐score.
Dyslexia and hand preference in secondary school students

results with regard to handedness and dyslexia have been ambiguous. The present study investigated the relationship between handedness and dyslexia in secondary school students based on genetic (Right-Shift) and hormonal- developmental theories of handedness. A total of 135 students (45 dyslexics and 70 age- and sex-matched controls) participated in the study. Handedness was defined according to the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory. We developed several classifications that represented various levels of handedness. Both continuous and dichotomous classifications of handedness revealed a small but reliable increase in the proportion of non-right-handers among dyslexics, likely because of the increased proportion of dyslexics among pure left-handers. Dyslexics did not display precisely the same pattern of right and left responses as controls, with some differences at the extremes of the continuum. The present results provide empirical support for Annett's (1985) Right-Shift theory predictions. Additionally, the present study indicates that using a numerical scoring system or dichotomous classifications with restricted criteria that permit the measurement of several degrees of handedness appears to better determine hand preference than using broad classifications into handedness groups.
Learning vector quantization algorithm as classifier for Arabic handwritten characters recognition

In this module, Learning Vector Quantization LVQ neural network is first time introduced as a classifier for Arabic handwriting. Classification has been performed in two different strategies, in first strategy, we use one classifier for all 53 Arabic Character Basic Shapes CBSs in training and testing phases, in second strategy we use three classifiers and three subsets of 53 Arabic CBSs, the three subsets of Arabic CBSs are; ascending CBSs, descending CBSs and embedded CBSs. Three training algorithms; OLVQ1, LVQ2 and LVQ3 were examined and OLVQ1 found as the best learning algorithm.
A Verified Secure Protocol Model of OAuth Dynamic Client Registration

OAuth dynamic client registration protocol (ODCRP) is designed to implement the dynamic registration process between a third-party site and an authorization server (AS). When a third-party site has completed the registration on an AS, a user can authorize the third-party site by the AS to access the protected resource on a resource server. After the user has completed the authorization, the AS redirects the user to a designated site based on the registration information. However, if an AS was attacked by an attacker after completed the register, the attacker may modify or forge registration information, then a user may be redirected to a malicious site.To solve the problem above, we propose a verified secure protocol model of OAuth dynamic client registration (VSPM ODCR) which can be used to ensure the security of the registration information. Our approach is to separate the registration function from the AS by introducing a security registry center. All the sensitive parameters about the registration process will be protected by the security registry center. The protected registration information is designed to be verifiable. That is, at the time of authorization, the AS provides the registration information of the third-party site to be verified by the user. As a result, the AS attacked by an attacker can not complete the authorization function without the help of the security registration center. To prove the reliability of the model, we give an abstract formal description of the model, and a formal definition of the security properties needed to be satisfied. At last, we verify the authenticity property and the integrity of the registration information about two concrete configurations in model by ProVerif.
Novel Conserved Genotypes Correspond to Antibiotic Resistance Phenotypes of E. coli Clinical Isolates

Current efforts to understand antibiotic resistance on the whole genome scale tend to focus on known genes even as high throughput sequencing strategies uncover novel mechanisms. To identify genomic variations associated with antibiotic resistance, we employed a modified genome-wide association study; we sequenced genomic DNA from pools of E. coli clinical isolates with similar antibiotic resistance phenotypes using SOLiD technology to uncover single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) unanimously conserved in each pool. The multidrug-resistant pools were genotypically similar to SMS-3-5, a previously sequenced multidrug-resistant isolate from a polluted environment. The similarity was evenly spread across the entire genome and not limited to plasmid or pathogenicity island loci. Among the pools of clinical isolates, genomic variation was concentrated adjacent to previously reported inversion and duplication differences between the SMS-3-5 isolate and the drug-susceptible laboratory strain, DH10B. SNPs that result in non-synonymous changes in gyrA (encoding the well-known S83L allele associated with fluoroquinolone resistance), mutM, ligB, and recG were unanimously conserved in every fluoroquinolone-resistant pool. Alleles of the latter three genes are tightly linked among most sequenced E. coli genomes, and had not been implicated in antibiotic resistance previously. The changes in these genes map to amino acid positions in alpha helices that are involved in DNA binding. Plasmid-encoded complementation of null strains with either allelic variant of mutM or ligB resulted in variable responses to ultraviolet light or hydrogen peroxide treatment as markers of induced DNA damage, indicating their importance in DNA metabolism and revealing a potential mechanism for fluoroquinolone resistance. Our approach uncovered evidence that additional DNA binding enzymes may contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance and further implicate environmental bacteria as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance.
Increasing the adaptability of manufacturing systems by using data-centric communication

Future manufacturing systems have to be more adaptable to be able to compete in fast changing markets and address specific customer demands. To increase adaptability of production systems, the software and communication infrastructures have to be adaptable as well. Current communication paradigms tightly couple manufacturing systems to communication infrastructures. Changes in the manufacturing system require manual reconfiguration of software and communication infrastructure. In this paper we define the requirements for future adaptable manufacturing systems. They have to be loosely coupled, dynamic, adaptable, and capable of plug & play. We also propose a data-centric approach to make communication systems more adaptable. Using a simplified industrial setup, we show that the approach is feasible for manufacturing systems and increases the adaptability.
Routing Optimization of Small Satellite Networks based on Multi-commodity Flow

As the scale of small satellite network is not large and the transmission cost is high, it is necessary to optimize the routing problem. We apply the traditional time-expanded graph to model the data acquisition of small satellite network so that we can formulate the data acquisition into a multi-commodity concurrent flow optimization problem (MCFP) aiming at maximizing the throughput. We use an approximation method to accelerate the solution for MCFP and make global optimization of routing between satellite network nodes. After the quantitative comparison between our MCFP algorithm and general augmented path maximum flow algorithm and exploring the detail of the algorithm, we verify the approximation algorithm’s reasonable selection of routing optimization in small satellite network node communication.