Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between deep venous thrombosis and inflammatory cytokines in postoperative patients with malignant abdominal tumors

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a common surgical complication in cancer patients and evidence that inflammation plays a role in the occurrence of DVT is increasing. We studied a population of cancer patients with abdominal malignancies with the aim of investigating whether the levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines were associated with postoperative DVT, and to determine the levels in DVT diagnoses. The serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukins (IL)-6 and IL-10, nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) and E-selectin (E-Sel) were determined in 120 individuals, who were divided into 3 groups: healthy controls, patients with and patients without DVT after surgery for an abdominal malignancy. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Dunnet's T3 test, chi-square test, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression as needed. The CRP, IL-6, NF-κB, and E-Sel levels in patients with DVT were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P<0.05). The IL-10 level was higher in patients with DVT than in controls but lower than in patients without DVT. Univariate analysis revealed that CRP, IL-6, NF-κB, and E-Sel were statistically associated with the risk of DVT (OR=1.98, P=0.002; OR=1.17, P=0.000; OR=1.03, P=0.042; and OR=1.38, P=0.003; respectively), whereas IL-10 had a protective effect (OR=0.94, P=0.011). Multivariate analysis showed that E-Sel was an independent risk factor (OR=1.41, P=0.000). Thus, this study indicated that an increased serum level of E-Sel was associated with increased DVT risk in postoperative patients with abdominal malignancy, indicating that E-Sel may be a useful predictor of diagnosis of DVT.
The CHAMPS Study: Cardiovascular Health Associations with Mindfulness, Physical Exercise and Stress Appraisals

i Acknowledgements I have immeasurable gratitude for my thesis chair, Dr. David Chatkoff. His erudition of the cardiovascular system, stress, and mindfulness supported the maturation of the theory and manuscript. His patience and gentleness allowed me to make mistakes, ask repeated questions, and challenge my perceptions of health psychology research, people, and myself. Dr. Richard Straub and Dr. Michelle Leonard have also been instrumental in developing ideas and troubleshooting. I also am thankful for my family who unflaggingly encouraged my educational pursuits and did not judge me for carrying my laptop to all social events, for the possibility that I may have found spare time to write this paper.
Know Your Onions: Understanding the User Experience with the Knowledge Module in Web Search

The increasing availability of large volumes of human-curated content is shifting web search towards a paradigm that introduces seamlessly more semantic information to search engine result pages. This trend has resulted in the design of a new element known as the knowledge module (KM) where certain facts about named entities, obtained from various knowledge bases, are shown to users. So far, little has been done to uncover the role that this module plays on user experience in web search and whether it is perceived by users as a useful aid for their search tasks. Our work is an early attempt to bridge this gap. To this end, we conducted a crowdsourcing study aimed at understanding the effect of the KM on users' search experience and its overall utility. In particular, our study is the first to provide insights about the noticeability and usefulness of the KM in web search, together with comprehensive analyses of usability and workload.
From Traumatic Language to Posttraumatic Language: The Development of Language in Therapy According to the “Phenomenon of Hope” Model

ABSTRACT Hope and language are part of the human development process starting from birth and continuing through all the stages of development. They are tools that help us to cope in complex situations. Environmental failure produces trauma, which damages the “self” and impairs the development of hope and language. The individual experiences “pessimistic hope” and “drained hope” and begins using “concrete language” and “pseudo-language. ” Such profiles and languages indicate functional difficulties, including the inability to establish mature intimate personal relationships. When traumatic events such as those experienced in military combat compound childhood trauma (environmental failure), mental and functional difficulties buried by our defense systems may rise to the surface and worsen and chronic complex trauma may ensue. Psychotherapy for chronic complex trauma is complex. The therapeutic approach that is used in the “hope phenomenon” model includes five therapy stages that allow us to examine the effect of a trauma on personality and function. Here we examine the link between the five stages of therapy and the use of language. According to my experience, patients use concrete language and pseudo-language in the beginning of the therapeutic connection. As this connection and therapist-patient alliance evolves and deepens and the client and therapist move through the various stages, the patient then starts to use “plural language. ” Concrete language and pseudo-language are used in the pessimistic hope and drawn hope stages, respectively, until a profile characterized by a realistic and mature hope emerges. This profile goes hand in hand with an ability to use plural language. This article examines the development of hope and language in a complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patient who was treated using the hope phenomenon model. Consent for the therapy details to be used in this article was given by the patient.
Relationships Between Gastric Emptying, Postprandial Glycemia, and Incretin Hormones

The importance of achieving tight glycemic control, usually assessed by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), for both the prevention and delay in the progression of diabetes-related microvascular complications, is established, and the American Diabetes Association/European Association for the Study of Diabetes joint committee has recommended an HbA1c <7% as the goal in patients with type 2 diabetes (1). The relative contributions of pre- and postprandial glycemia to HbA1c have been clarified during the last decade following the seminal report by Monnier et al. (2) indicating that in type 2 diabetes, postprandial glycemic excursions account for about 70% of variability when HbA1c is <7.3%, while the contribution of “fasting” glycemia is greater in less well-controlled patients. Subsequent studies have confirmed the predominance of postprandial glycemia in determining overall glycemic control in “well-controlled” type 2 diabetic patients managed by oral hypoglycemic agents or basal insulin (3). The importance of postprandial glycemia to overall glycemic control is not surprising considering that 1 ) humans in modern societies spend only about 3 or 4 h before breakfast in a truly fasting state because in health, gastric emptying of meals occurs at an overall rate of 1–4 kcal/min (4), and 2 ) postprandial hyperglycemia occurs frequently in diabetes (1). The relevance of postprandial glycemia is further increased by the recognition that it may represent an independent risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes in both diabetic and nondiabetic populations (5). The determinants of postprandial glycemia include preprandial glycemic levels, meal composition, gastric emptying, insulin secretion, small intestinal glucose absorption, and hepatic and peripheral glucose metabolism. Furthermore, the relative contribution of each of these factors may vary over time during the postprandial state. Nevertheless, both the rate of gastric emptying and the secretion and action of the incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide …
Long-term reproductive outcomes in women whose first pregnancy is ectopic: a national controlled follow-up study.

STUDY QUESTION How does long-term reproductive prognosis among women whose first pregnancy is ectopic differ from prognosis in women with other initial pregnancy outcomes? SUMMARY ANSWER Women with a first recorded ectopic pregnancy (EP) have a significantly lower long-term delivery rate and a manifold increased risk of further EPs. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Women with a first EP have an increased risk of further EPs. Few studies have assessed long-term reproductive outcomes after an EP, and none was controlled. STUDY DESIGN The study was designed as a historical controlled cohort study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were collected from four Danish registries covering the period 1977-2009. Women with an EP as their first recorded pregnancy during the period 1977-1982 were age matched with women whose first recorded pregnancy was a miscarriage, an induced abortion, a delivery, or women with no recorded pregnancies, respectively. The cohorts were followed until the end of 2009 or on average through 30 years. MAIN RESULTS When compared with women with a first miscarriage, women with a first EP had a relative risk of deliveries of 0.55 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52-0.58], miscarriages of 0.46 (0.41-0.52) and induced abortions of 0.72 (0.65-0.80) and a 4.7 (3.8-5.8)-fold increased risk of further EPs. The relative delivery rate when compared with women with a first induced abortion was 0.89 (0.84-0.95) and with women with no pregnancy 0.69 (0.65-0.72). LIMITATIONS We had no information about the attempts to become pregnant in the different cohorts. New fertility techniques may have improved the prognosis among women with a first EP. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These results indicate that fertility is compromised in women whose first pregnancy is ectopic. It is possible that better assisted reproductive techniques that have been developed in recent years could improve the long-term delivery rates for women with EP. STUDY FUNDING All the expenses were covered by Gynaecological Clinic, Rigshospitalet. Ø. L. has within the last 3 years received honoraria for speeches in pharmacoepidemiological issues. L.L. K. , P.E. and C.W. S. had no conflict of interest to declare.
Impact of Ethnic Group on Human Emotion Recognition Using Backpropagation Neural Network

We claim that knowing the ethnic group of human would increase the accuracy of the emotion recognition. This is due to the difference between the face appearances and expressions of various ethnic groups. To test our claim, we developed an approach based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) using backpropgation algorithm to recognize the human emotion through facial expressions. Our approach has been tested by using MSDEF dataset, and we found that, there is a positive effect on the accuracy of the recognition of emotion if we consider the ethnic group as input factor while building the recognition model. We achieved 8% improvement rate.
THE IMPACT OF COGNITIVE COMPLEXITY AND SELF-MONITORING ON LEADERSHIP EMERGENCE

Understanding the individual difference variables that influence why some individuals emerge over others to perform traditional leadership functions provides insight into leadership emergence. Cognitive complexity and self-monitoring are two such variables. Both deal with tailoring communication to be situation-specific. Thus, this study examined the role that cognitive complexity and self-monitoring play in leadership. Participants in student groups completed questionnaires that measured leadership perceptions, cognitive complexity, self-monitoring, and predisposition to verbal behavior. While the results did not indicate a significant relationship among the variables, the findings do lead to an increased understanding of emergent leadership.
On the discrete heat equation taking values on a tree

This paper was motivated by the question of studying PDE or stochastic PDE taking values on nonsmooth spaces. This is a hard problem in general, so we concentrate on a test case: the heat equation taking values on the union of rays emanating from the origin. We construct a series of discrete approximation to the solution and show that they converge to a limit. Unfortunately, we do not know if the limit is uniqueness. Our tools are probabilistic, exploiting the well-known connection between Brownian motion and the heat equation.
A multi-parametric programming approach for the simultaneous process scheduling and control – Application to a domestic cogeneration unit

We present a strategy for the simultaneous solution of scheduling and advanced control based on our recently introduced PAROC framework and software platform. A rolling horizon optimization and scheduling model is proposed linked to a control-aware process model that is able to capture the system dynamics. A bridging model approach is applied to handle the mismatch between (i) the scheduling and the control level in terms of time step and (ii) the schedule and the “high fidelity” process model in terms of model-process mismatch. The proposed approach is demonstrated with its application to a domestic cogeneration unit.
Metallochaperones, an Intracellular Shuttle Service for Metal Ions*

Enzymes that employ transition metals as co-factors are housed in a wide variety of intracellular locations or are exported to the extracellular milieu. A key question then arises: how are specific metal co-factors transported to diverse locations and subsequently sorted into the correct metalloenzymes? The mechanisms by which these tasks are accomplished are just now being unraveled. A new family of soluble metal receptor proteins known as “metallochaperones” is emerging that act in the intracellular trafficking of metal ions. Although transition elements can be quite toxic, these metal receptors are not detoxification proteins; they clearly function in a “chaperonelike” manner, guiding and protecting the metal ion while facilitating appropriate partnerships. Here we will review the most recent advances in our understanding of copper metallochaperones and discuss mechanisms that may be relevant to other essential, yet potentially toxic, metal ions.
Les trois services du noyau sémantique indispensables a l'IHM

La construction d'interfaces Homme-Machine de qualite necessite la cooperation entre un noyau semantique et des composantes logicielles destinees a visualiser et a interagir avec ce noyau. Jusqu'a present, le domaine de l'Interaction Homme-Machine s'est surtout interesse a ces composantes logicielles. Dans cet article, nous arguons que trois services indispensables aux interfaces ne peuvent etre fournis convenablement que par le noyau semantique~: la notification, la prevention des erreurs et l'annulation d'operations. Notre objectif est triple~: convaincre la communaute IHM de l'importance de ces services, convaincre la communaute du Genie Logiciel de fournir ces services et decrire les mecanismes permettant d'implementer ces services.
Accurate and Scalable Techniques for the Complex/Pathway Membership Problem in Protein Networks

A protein network shows physical interactions as well as functional associations. An important usage of such networks is to discover unknown members of partially known complexes and pathways. A number of methods exist for such analyses, and they can be divided into two main categories based on their treatment of highly connected proteins. In this paper, we show that methods that are not affected by the degree (number of linkages) of a protein give more accurate predictions for certain complexes and pathways. We propose a network flow-based technique to compute the association probability of a pair of proteins. We extend the proposed technique using hierarchical clustering in order to scale well with the size of proteome. We also show that top-k queries are not suitable for a large number of cases, and threshold queries are more meaningful in these cases. Network flow technique with clustering is able to optimize meaningful threshold queries and answer them with high efficiency compared to a similar method that uses Monte Carlo simulation.
Technical perspectiveCreativity helps influence prediction precision

T h e pa sT d e c a d e has seen an explosion of interest in machine learning and data mining, with significant advances in terms of both theoretical results and highly visible practical applications. One such application is that of automated recommender systems. Customers buy or rate items or products , and the ratings are stored in a database—indeed, there may be millions of customers and items. Past customer behaviors and preferences are then analyzed to automatically predict which items a customer is likely to rate highly or purchase, among items they have not already purchased or rated. Recommender systems of this type are now commonplace on the Web, for example , at sites such as Amazon.com for shopping and last.fm for music. In October 2006, the Netflix company offered a prize of $1 million dollars for the development of an algorithm that could significantly improve the accuracy of its in-house recommendation system. Netflix customers rate movies they have seen on a scale of 1 to 5. The recommendation problem is to suggest new movies to customers based on a large database of past ratings. One way of measuring the accuracy of a recommendation algorithm is to compute the average squared difference between ratings from the algorithm and actual customer ratings, on item-customer pairs not previously seen by the algorithm. Netflix stated it would award the $1 million prize to the first person or team who could reduce the error rate of its in-house algorithm by a factor of 10%. For the competition, participants could download a large training set of data on which to develop their methods. This data set consisted of a highly sparse matrix of approximately 500,000 customers (rows) by 18,000 movies (columns), where less than 1% of the entries contained known ratings. For three years (2006–2009), the competition was the focus of intense activity among computer scientists, mathematicians, engineers, and stat-isticians around the globe. By the end there were over 40,000 registered competitors from over 150 different countries. Progress was initially quite rapid and by December 2006 a few teams already had algorithms that were capable of a 5% error reduction on unseen test data—halfway to the million dollars! But, as with many interesting problems , achieving the second 5% of improvement was much more difficult than achieving the first 5%. As the rate of progress slowed in 2007 there was much speculation …
Iconification and Omission in Information Exploration

Introduction Because users find it difficult and unpleasant to explore cluttered displays, a number of visualization systems reduce clutter by allowing users to view detail selectively. Early work includes fisheye views and the Spatial Data Management System (SDMS) [2,3]. More recent paradigms include the Pad zoomable interface and Magic Lenses [4,1]. By its very nature, this strategy for clutter reduction eliminates certain details from the display. Two processes are common. First, a graphical representation may be iconified. Iconification is the process of transforming a graphical representation into a more compressed graphical representation. This compression may take a number of forms. For example, the graphical representation may change shape or detail may be omitted. Note that information may be lost during iconification. Consider a circle that represents a city. Suppose the radius of the circle is proportional to the population of the city. If the circle is iconified to a fixed-size dot, the data about the city’s population is lost. Second, data elements may be omitted, i.e., eliminated from the current view. In this case, all information about the omitted object is lost. In general, the user can navigate to the information that has been removed, e.g., in semantic zoom systems an icon may change into a more detailed graphical representation when the user zooms in on it. However, in many cases, the user may not be aware that a graphical representation has been iconified or omitted. This situation is particularly likely in information exploration tasks in which the user has only a vaguely defined goal. In these cases, the user may never discover certain information relevant to their task. We discuss the potential downfalls of iconification and omission in the next section of this paper. We then propose three techniques that (1) help the user become aware of the existence of detail of interest and/or (2) help the user navigate to this detail.
Hepatitis C virus: virology and life cycle

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a positive sense, single-stranded RNA virus in the Flaviviridae family. It causes acute hepatitis with a high propensity for chronic infection. Chronic HCV infection can progress to severe liver disease including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In the last decade, our basic understanding of HCV virology and life cycle has advanced greatly with the development of HCV cell culture and replication systems. Our ability to treat HCV infection has also been improved with the combined use of interferon, ribavirin and small molecule inhibitors of the virally encoded NS3/4A protease, although better therapeutic options are needed with greater antiviral efficacy and less toxicity. In this article, we review various aspects of HCV life cycle including viral attachment, entry, fusion, viral RNA translation, posttranslational processing, HCV replication, viral assembly and release. Each of these steps provides potential targets for novel antiviral therapeutics to cure HCV infection and prevent the adverse consequences of progressive liver disease.
Challenges and Strategies of Matrix Organizations: Top-Level and Mid-Level Managers' Perspectives

U sing surveys, interviews , and workshops with 294 top-level and mid-level managers from seven major multinational corporations in six industries, we identified the top five contemporary challenges of the matrix organizational form: (1) misaligned goals, (2) unclear roles and responsibilities, (3) ambiguous authority, (4) lack of a matrix guardian, and (5) silo-focused employees. We also provide managers with the best practices that will improve their matrix organizations. Interest in matrix organizational structures peaked during the 1970s and 1980s. Since that time, research and literature on the matrix have dropped noticeably. Simultaneously, organizations continue to adopt the matrix as a viable alternative to deal with their increasingly complex
Update on the roles of distal airways in asthma

The present review is the summary of an expert workshop that took place in Vence (France) in 2007 on the role of distal airways in asthma. The evidence showing inflammation and remodelling in distal airways, and their possible involvement in asthma control and natural history, was reviewed. The usefulness and limitations of various techniques used for assessing distal airways were also evaluated, including pulmonary function tests and imaging. Finally, the available data studying the benefit of treatment better targeting distal airways in asthma was examined. It was concluded that both proximal and distal airways were involved in asthma and that distal airways were the major determinant of airflow obstruction. Inflammation in distal airways appeared more intense in severe and uncontrolled asthma. Distal airways were poorly attained by conventional aerosol of asthma medications owing to their granulometry, being composed of 3–5 μm particles. Both proximal and distal airways might be targeted either by delivering medications systemically or by aerosol of extra-fine particles. Extra-fine aerosols of long-acting β-agonists, inhaled corticosteroids or inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β-agonist combinations have been shown in short-term studies to be not inferior to non-extra-fine aerosols of comparators. However, available studies have not yet demonstrated that extra-fine inhaled medications offer increased benefit compared with usual aerosols in asthmatic patients.