Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Suppression of plant resistance gene-based immunity by a fungal effector

The innate immune system of plants consists of two layers. The first layer, called basal resistance, governs recognition of conserved microbial molecules and fends off most attempted invasions. The second layer is based on Resistance ( R ) genes that mediate recognition of effectors, proteins secreted by pathogens to suppress or evade basal resistance. Here, we show that a plant-pathogenic fungus secretes an effector that can both trigger and suppress R gene-based immunity. This effector, Avr1, is secreted by the xylem-invading fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol) and triggers disease resistance when the host plant, tomato, carries a matching R gene ( I or I-1 ). At the same time, Avr1 suppresses the protective effect of two other R genes, I-2 and I-3 . Based on these observations, we tentatively reconstruct the evolutionary arms race that has taken place between tomato R genes and effectors of Fol. This molecular analysis has revealed a hitherto unpredicted strategy for durable disease control based on resistance gene combinations.
Routledge Handbook of Sports Performance Analysis

Performance analysis in invasion games like soccer, basketball, handball, rugby and field hockey requires objective recording and examination of behavioural events of one or more players during training or competition. The primary goal of performance analysis is to provide information to coaches and players about player and/or team performance in order to plan subsequent practices to improve performance or to support preparation for the next match. Performance analysis is most often used to create a permanent record of actions of players within a match through hand-based or computerized systems, often using video technology. Sophisticated data sets offer opportunities for analysing spatio-temporal patterns and network structures. However, these analyses have certain limitations, especially from a tactical point of view. For example, spatial information of the actions of players, if present at all, lacks accuracy and, due to a single camera viewpoint, only on-the-ball actions of individual players are monitored systematically. Technological innovations, such as tracking based on synchronized multiple video cameras and Global Positioning System technology, have led to new possibilities for match and training analysis in ball team sports. Positional player data (up to 1000 Hz) are collected in the context of different ball team sports, such as soccer for example. These data are typically used to calculate distance, speed and acceleration/deceleration profiles of individual players. These analyses do not capture the game dynamics and complexity of a soccer match, however, and new approaches of the game are required for tactical analyses
Recent Advances in Zinc Oxide-based Photocatalytic Degradation of Microplastics in Solid-and Aqueous-Phase

humans, animals, and microbes. In response to this concern, photocatalytic degradation, a technique that utilizes semiconductor nanomaterials as the photocatalyst, is being explored to reduce microplastics into less harmful compounds, making it a game-changing strategy for addressing this environmental problem. Besides the superiority of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) as a photocatalyst, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are also one of the semiconductors that have been widely explored to date. Studies have proven its potential to degrade microplastics in either solid-or aqueous phases. In the photocatalytic degradation of microplastics, the reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydroxyl (•OH) and superoxide ions (O 2 • − ), play an essential role in the process, resulting in the breakdown of the polymeric chain and the generation of reaction intermediates. Therein, the primary focus of this review is limited to the photocatalytic degradation of microplastics using a ZnO-based photocatalyst and its mechanisms. The exploration and comparison of microplastic’s solid-and aqueous-phase photocatalytic processes in terms of their experimental setup and performance were also discussed further. Furthermore, an insight into future research prospects is also suggested here, based on the restrictions of present photocatalytic degradation systems.
Investigation of exon 4 mutations of phenylalanine hydroxylase gene in phenylketonuria patients in Guilan Province using PCR-sequencing

Background: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a heterogeneous and autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that is mainly caused by mutations in the hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene. Distribution pattern of mutations in the PAH gene are specific to each population. To date, no reports of phenylketonuria molecular analysis have been found in this population. The aim of this study was to identify PAH mutations within exon 4 in PKU patients in Guilan Province and compare it with the studies in other parts of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional and descriptive study, 25 unrelated PKU patients (age range, 1-21 years) were identified from different regions of Guilan Province during a one-year period. After collecting blood samples and DNA extraction, the DNA fragments containing the exon 4 of the PAH gene and its flanking intronic sequences were amplified and sequenced. Results: In this study, IVS4+5G>T mutation (10) was identified. This mutation was found in two homozygous PKU patients and one heterozygous patient; they had mPKU and cPKU phenotypes, respectively and their parents were third degree relatives. In addition, IVS4+47C>T (28) and IVS3-22C>T (8) polymorphisms were also detected. Conclusion: Investigation of mutations in the PAH gene can be a useful tool for molecular detection of the PKU disease and carrier detection in this population. Moreover, the other 12 remaining exons need to be analyzed to obtain the full spectrum of mutations of this gene among the PKU patients in Guilan Province.
Trinity College Digital Repository Trinity College Digital Repository

Promotores or community health workers are trusted community members who oﬀer information and support to marginalized groups in society. Latinx immigrants in new growth communities or emerging communities (areas with a small yet growing Latinx population) confront many challenges in their settling processes. De la Mano con la Salud was a community-based participatory project that trained Latino immigrant men as promotores. Promotores recruited 182 Latino immigrant men helped them to attain their own goals, connected them with health and social services and connected them to the larger community. We present data from 23 in-depth interviews with project participants conducted after six months of enrollment. Qualitative analysis conﬁrmed participants’ vulnerabilities and showed that promotores addressed many of the health, legal, and occupational needs of participants. Emerging themes showed that 1) participants had a thirst for a united Latinx community; and 2) felt that promotores had their back ( respaldo ). The need for community may reﬂect the current invisibility of this Latinx population, as well as the desires for recognition and ethnic identity aﬃrmation. Respaldo strongly resembles perceived social support, which is the kind of support most associated with health outcomes. Future research can determine what intervention components best foster respaldo .
Differential Fault Attack on Ascon Cipher

This work investigates the security of the Ascon authenticated encryption scheme in the context of fault attacks, with a specific focus on Differential Fault Analysis (DFA). Motivated by the growing significance of lightweight cryptographic solutions, particularly Ascon , we explore potential vulnerabilities in its design using DFA. By employing a novel approach that combines faulty forgery in the decryption query under two distinct fault models, leveraging bit-flip faults in the first phase and bit-set faults in the second, we successfully recover the complete As-con key. This study sheds light on the impact of key whitening in the final permutation call and discusses potential threats when this safeguard is absent. Additionally, we consider the implications of injecting multiple bit-flip faults at the S-box input, suggesting alternative strategies for compromising the state space. Our findings contribute valuable insights into the gray-box security landscape of Ascon , emphasizing the need for robust defenses to ensure the integrity and resilience of lightweight cryptographic primitives against diverse fault attacks.
The greenscape shapes surﬁng of resource waves in a large migratory herbivore

The Green Wave Hypothesis posits that herbivore migration manifests in response to waves of spring green-up (i.e. green-wave surﬁng). Nonetheless, empirical support for the Green Wave Hypothesis is mixed, and a framework for understanding variation in surﬁng is lacking. In a population of migratory mule deer ( Odocoileus hemionus ), 31% surfed plant phenology in spring as well as a theoretically perfect surfer, and 98% surfed better than random. Green-wave surﬁng varied among individuals and was unrelated to age or energetic state. Instead, the greenscape, which we deﬁne as the order, rate and duration of green-up along migratory routes, was the primary factor inﬂuencing surﬁng. Our results indicate that migratory routes are more than a link between seasonal ranges, and they provide an important, but often overlooked, foraging habitat. In addition, the spatiotemporal conﬁguration of forage resources that propagate along migratory routes shape animal movement and presumably, energy gains during migration.
Infrared spectroscopic near-field microscopy of nanoparticles and semiconductor nanowires

En esta tesis se estudian las propiedades dielectricas de nanoparticulas y nanohilos semiconductores mediante un microscopio de campo cercano. Para este estudio se ha usado un microscopio optico de campo cercano de tipo dispersion (s-SNOM) que ofrece las ventajas de ser una tecnica de caracterizacion no invasiva, no destructiva y libre de contactos. Utilizando esta tecnica se consigue en este trabajo determinar cuantitativamente la conductividad en un nanohilo individual de InP. Ademas, la Tecnica s-SNOM se ha utilizado para visualizar el perfil radial de portadores libres en secciones transversales de nanohilos de ZnO. Finalmente, este tesis presenta un estudio detallado sobre los limites de resolucion de la tecnica s-SNOM en areas pequenas. Los resultados obtenidos abren la puerta para la obtencion de imagenes quimicas con resolucion nanometrica al mismo tiempo que muestra una gran potencial para el estudio de nuevos materiales como el grafeno, aislantes topologicos, o nanostructuras organicas y biologicas.
Evaluating front-of-pack voluntary well-being messaging for milk powders targeting Chinese older adults: A hedonic price model

This study examines the price structure of milk powders targeting Chinese older adults, with special emphasis on the assessment of front-of-pack (FOP) voluntary well-being messaging (VWM), using a hedonic price model. Data of 456 sets of product prices and attributes were collected from official stores at online shops, TMALL.com and JD.com, in China. Prices were recorded 10 d before, during, and 10 d after a major on-line promotion event (November 11, 2021). A hedonic price model was employed to decompose explicit market prices into individual product attributes implicit prices, including essential attributes, such as milk source, brand origin, package material, and nutritional composition, and nonessential attributes conveyed by FOP VWM, regarding nutrition, ingredients, health, sensory qualities, and certification. Results showed that above and beyond essential attributes, nonessential attributes conveyed by FOP VWM were significantly associated with price. Specifically, significant price premiums were associated with dietary fiber claims (+12.7%), no added sugar (+19.0%) and potential health benefits (+19.3%), as nutrition, ingredient, and health-related FOP VWM respectively. However, nutrition claims regarding calcium and fat were negatively associated with price (−21.2% and −8.0%, respectively, when they were presented). Additionally, nutrition claims for protein and vitamin D, introducing farm environment, referring to imported ingredients, declaring specific ingredients added, describing sensory characterizes and providing certificates on FOP were not significantly associated with price in this market. These findings provide manufacturers with information to better differentiate their products by producing and advertising attributes most valued by consumers.
Efﬁcacy of vision therapy in children with learning disability and associated binocular vision anomalies

Purpose: To report the frequency of binocular vision (BV) anomalies in children with speciﬁc learning disorders (SLD) and to assess the efﬁcacy of vision therapy (VT) in children with a non-strabismic binocular vision anomaly (NSBVA). Methods: The study was carried out at a centre for learning disability (LD). Comprehensive eye examination and binocular vision assessment was carried out for 94 children (mean (SD) age: 15 (2.2) years) diagnosed with speciﬁc learning disorder. BV assessment was done for children with best corrected visual acuity of ≥ 6/9 --- N6, cooperative for examination and free from any ocular pathology. For children with a diagnosis of NSBVA ( n = 46), 24 children were randomized to VT and no intervention was provided to the other 22 children who served as experimental controls. At the end of 10 sessions of vision therapy, BV assessment was performed for both the intervention and non-intervention groups. Results: Binocular vision anomalies were
Performance Study of Double Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell Operating with Dihydrogen Phyllosilicate Clay and Activated Carbon from Coconut Shells as Proton Exchange Membrane

Bioelectrochemical system is one of the promising tools under the waste-energy nexus, a chief key in reducing the detrimental impact of global warming and wastewater problem. The upscale of microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is hindered by the high cost of proton exchange membranes (PEM). In this study, a lower cost material than the commonly used Nafion membrane was investigated. Mixtures of activated carbon from coconut shells, ACCS, was incorporated in the Manihot starch-kaolin-clay composite as PEM. The ACCS/Clay membrane was characterized based on its swelling degree and proton transfer. Results showed that 2 % ACCS/Clay mixture has the lowest swelling degree and highest amount of proton transfer. The performance of the double chamber yeast-microalgal MFC is evaluated based on its operating voltage produced and % COD reduction within the 240-hour period. The MFC exhibited a maximum voltage of 0.339 V while obtaining an average % COD reduction of 51.27 %. Promising results were obtained in the upscale of this technology as this was around 3 times higher than the voltage generated by commercialized Nafion membranes .
Paradigm gaps are associated with weird “distributional semantics” properties: Russian defective nouns and their case and number paradigms

This study investigates the phenomenon of defectiveness in Russian case and number noun paradigms from the perspective of distributional semantics. We made use of word embeddings, high-dimensional vectors trained from large text corpora, and compared the observed paradigms of nouns that are defective in the genitive plural, as suggested by Zaliznjak (1977), with the observed paradigms for non-defective paradigms. When the embeddings of about 20,000 inﬂected forms were projected onto a two-dimensional space, clusters of case and number within case were found, suggesting global semantic similarity for words with the same inﬂectional features. Moreover, defective lexemes were characterized by lower semantic transparency, in that inﬂected forms of the same lexeme are semantically less similar to each other, and their meanings are also more idiosyncratic. Furthermore, compared to non-defective lexemes, inﬂected forms from defective lexemes are further away from the idealized average case-number meanings, obtained by averaging over the vectors of all inﬂected forms of the same case-number combination. As a consequence, the semantics of defective forms are predicted less precisely by a simple model of conceptualization that assumes that the meaning of a given Russian inﬂected form is approximated well by the sum of pertinent embeddings of the lexeme, case, and number within case. We conclude that semantics, at least the kind captured by word embeddings, also contributes to the defectiveness of Russian noun paradigms.
Evaluation of upper limb lymphoedema and diagnostic accuracy of bioimpedance spectroscopy. A comprehensive validation in a Brazilian population

Lymphoedema is a complication of breast cancer treatment. Its early diagnosis is related to a good prognosis for lymphoedema treatment. The bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) evaluates changes in extracellular fluid. The objective of our study was to evaluate the validity, agreement and accuracy of BIS in the diagnosis of breast cancer-related lymphoedema in a Brazilian population. Methods This is a prospective, cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 462 women who underwent surgical treatment for breast cancer (mastectomy or breast-conserving treatment). The validity, agreement and accuracy were performed comparing BIS (lymphoedema index (L-DEX) ≥ 6.5 or 10) with volumetry by water displacement, which is the gold standard for evaluating lymphoedema. Receiver operating characteristic curve was performed. Additionally, other methods like perimetry and indirect volumetry of the upper limbs were compared with water displacement volumetry (direct volumetry), and the BIS were compared with subjective evaluation. Results Considering L-DEX ≥ 10 the sensitivity of the BIS was 44.1%, specificity 95.4%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 70.7%, negative predictive value (NPV) was 87% and kappa was 0.459. The BIS with L-DEX ≥ 6.5, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and kappa were 57%, 88.5%, 55.8%, 89% and 0.452, respectively. Area under curve was 0.724 and a possible cut-off point of L-DEX ≥ 7.35 with sensitivity of 57%, specificity of 90.7% and kappa value = 0.489. Conclusion Although BIS was significantly associated with the subjective evaluation of lymphoedema, it showed low sensitivity and agreement and moderate correlation when used as a method for diagnosing the condition. Thus, it is not the most valid method for evaluating lymphoedema. In addition, it was not the most accurate method when compared with other objective evaluation tools. Public health resources are scarce and must be used consciously. The knowledge that BIS is not a more accurate method than other, lower-cost instruments allows for better targeting of these resources.
Interactive Semi-Ambient Display with Narrative Visualization

Ambient displays present useful information in the periphery of the users and normally they don’t support interactions. Technological advancements in digital displays, computing power of smart phones and faster wireless networks enable new forms of interactions. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the design space of ambient displays and make an inquiry into the future state by designing and implementing an interactive prototype for a speciﬁc use case. The context of the project is a music management company, its Artist & Repertoire division and their work-ﬂow. The work introduces a novel concept of Interactive Semi-Ambient Displays with Narrative visualization features. The thesis is a comprehensive documentation of an iterative Research through Design process and its ﬁnal outcome, an interactive prototype. The prototype consists of a Semi-Ambient visualization, integrated with narrative features and a mobile application to interact and control the visualization. A formative focus group evaluation of the prototype was conducted to evaluate the ﬁnal outcome of the process. Results suggest that the concept is a viable way to e ↵ ectively visualize information in o � ce environments and support the work-ﬂow of co-located groups. Based on the comments, future directions for the general concept and the project are discussed.
What Can We Learn From More Than 140,000 Moments of Ecological Momentary Assessment–Assessed Negative Emotion and Ambulatory Blood Pressure? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. ABSTRACT Objective Two decades of research has examined within-person associations between negative emotion states and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA), but no meta-analysis has been conducted. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the magnitude of this association and identify moderators, review strengths and weaknesses in conceptual and measurement approaches, and provide recommendations. Methods We searched databases (PsycINFO, PubMed), identified 15 studies, and obtained data from 13 studies (n = 2511; 142,307 observations). Results Random-effects meta-analyses demonstrated small effect r values between momentary negative emotions and systolic ABP (r = 0.06) and diastolic ABP (r = 0.05; p values < .001). Meta-regressions found that effects were larger among studies focused on anxiety, multidimensional negative emotions, predominantly female samples, or less observations of each participant (p values from .003 to .049). A qualitative review found that few studies examined moderators contributing to the substantial interindividual differences in this association. Conclusions The small association between momentary negative emotion and ABP extends laboratory findings on the association between the experiential and physiological aspects of emotion to the daily, natural emotional experiences of individuals. This literature could be strengthened by determining interindividual and intraindividual moderators of this association (e.g., trait negative emotion and state positive emotion), examining differential associations of different negative emotions with ABP, and standardizing EMA protocols. Although the effect is small, to the extent that repeated emotion-related cardiovascular reactivity may contribute to cardiovascular disease risk, identifying daily life triggers of emotion is important.
Psychological Distress, Health Behaviors, and Benefit Finding in Survivors of Multiple Primary Cancers: Results From the 2010 Livestrong Survey

Purpose/Objectives: To evaluate whether survivorship of multiple primary cancers (MPCs) is associated with psychological distress, positive health behaviors, and benefit finding. Design: Secondary analysis of the 2010 Livestrong cross-sectional survey. Setting: Online survey. Sample: 238 MPC survivors and 3,295 single cancer survivors. Methods: Chi-square and t tests for group comparisons were used. Multivariate linear regression, adjusted for covariates, was used to determine associations between variables. Main Research Variables: MPC versus single cancer; psychological distress, health behavior (healthy lifestyle and positive healthcare utilization), and benefit-finding scores. Findings: Survivors of MPCs
Recent Research Progress in Biogas Fermentation Process

This review summarized recent research progress in the field of biogas fermentation process including microbial community regulation, process optimization and control, as well as fermentation system designing, and then pointed out that the process instability and low productivity of biogas fermentation is due to lack of enough understanding on the mechanism of anaerobic digestion process. The tendency of research and development in biogas engineering in the near future was also put forward in the following areas for enhancing biogas productivity: metagenomics of microbial community and metabolic network, multi-scale process control, pretreatment and compatibility of waste materials, and co-production of both hydrogen and methane.