Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Refinement of 1p36 Alterations Not Involving PRDM16 in Myeloid and Lymphoid Malignancies

Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed to characterize 81 cases of myeloid and lymphoid malignancies with cytogenetic 1p36 alterations not affecting the PRDM16 locus. In total, three subgroups were identified: balanced translocations (N = 27) and telomeric rearrangements (N = 15), both mainly observed in myeloid disorders; and unbalanced non-telomeric rearrangements (N = 39), mainly observed in lymphoid proliferations and frequently associated with a highly complex karyotype. The 1p36 rearrangement was isolated in 12 cases, mainly myeloid disorders. The breakpoints on 1p36 were more widely distributed than previously reported, but with identifiable rare breakpoint cluster regions, such as the TP73 locus. We also found novel partner loci on 1p36 for the known multi-partner genes HMGA2 and RUNX1. We precised the common terminal 1p36 deletion, which has been suggested to have an adverse prognosis, in B-cell lymphomas [follicular lymphomas and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas with t(14;18)(q32;q21) as well as follicular lymphomas without t(14;18)]. Intrachromosomal telomeric repetitive sequences were detected in at least half the cases of telomeric rearrangements. It is unclear how the latter rearrangements occurred and whether they represent oncogenic events or result from chromosomal instability during oncogenesis.
Singing in a Foreign Land: An Exploratory Study of Gospel Choir Participation Among African American Undergraduates at a Predominantly White Institution

Though relatively little research has focused on the use of spiritual resources, previous research has found that traditional cultural practices and spiritual resources may contribute to persistence, although no studies, to date, focus on the role that gospel choir involvement plays in the success of Black collegians at PWIs. Using data collected via semistructured interviews with 21 African American undergraduate gospel choir members, three themes emerged that relate to the perceived benefits of participating in such groups: establishing a sense of belonging, developing ethnic identity, and nurturing resilience. Findings hold significant implications for future practice, theory, and research on Black student engagement and college student success.
Impact of Oral Health Education on Oral Health Knowledge of Private School Children in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia

Aims and Objectives: To assess the early effect of oral health education on oral health knowledge of primary and intermediate school students of private schools by utilizing pre/post questionnaires data from oral health educational projects in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Second, to examine topic-specific knowledge differences between genders, nationalities, and educational levels of the students. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional oral health educational data of private school students (n = 1279) in primary and intermediate levels were extracted from the King Salman Centre for Children's Health (KSCCH) projects undertaken by Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy. Student's pre- and post-test data were analyzed for changes in oral health knowledge. Overall knowledge score and topic-specific knowledge scores were calculated and the differences between gender, nationality, and educational level were examined using Mann–Whitney U-test. Pre/post change in the oral health knowledge was evaluated by Wilcoxon's sign rank test. Results: Immediately, after oral health educational session high knowledge score category showed an increase of 25.6%, medium and low knowledge score categories showed −3.2% and −22.3% decrease, and this change was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Comparison of correct responses between pre- and post-test showed statistically significant (P < 0.05) increase in all the questions except for the timing of tooth brushing. Females, non-Saudi nationals and students in primary level of education showed significantly high mean knowledge (P < 0.001) at posttest assessment. Conclusion: Primary and intermediate private school student's overall, and topic-specific oral health knowledge improved immediately after educational intervention provided by KSCCH. High knowledge gain was observed among female non-Saudi primary school students.
ANTHOCYANINS FROM INDIAN CASSAVA ( MANIHOT ESCULENTA CRANTZ ) AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES

Cassava ((Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaf stalk is a renewable raw material and it is a major industrial crop in Tamilnadu rich in antioxidant compounds. To utilize this source, an environmentally sustainable procedure has been developed for the extraction of anthocyanin and to analyze its antioxidant properties. So, the present research was focused on cassava for total phenol contents, flavanoids, anthocyanins and it’s antioxidant activities were studied using leaf stalks. Three difficult solvents were tried to extract total phenol and anthocyanin from cassava leaf stalks. In the case of total phenol content acetone extract found to have maximum phenol content followed with acidified methanol and methanol. In the case of anthocyanin content, acidified methanol extract gave maximum yield followed with methanol and acetone extracts. The presence of phenolic compound and anthocyanin determine the free radical scavenging activity in cassava leaf stalk extract. The cassava leaf stalks, which was found to be a waste material after harvesting the tubers can be used as a valuable source for anthocyanin extraction, which will applicable in clinical and food industry. INTRODUCTION: Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) belongs to Euphorbiaceae family is a perennial crop native to tropical America with its center of origin in North-eastern and Central Brazil . In the tropics, the roots of cassava are an important source of carbohydrates for human consumption. Cassava plants also produce green leaves that are consumed as vegetables in some parts of sub-Saharan Africa such as Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Uganda, Nigeria, and some Asian countries, the Philippines, Indonesia and Malaysia . The dry powdered cassava leaf vegetable has reached commercial exploitation in the DRC, being exported to Belgium and France . The leaves are known to be rich in vitamin A and proteins 3, 4, . In addition to use as food, the crop has taken on more importance as a source of starch for industry and food processing and as an animal feed 1, 6, . Cassava was introduced in Uganda sometime after 1862, and it rapidly spread to most parts of the country 8 where it provided a basic daily source of dietary energy. Roots are processed into a wide variety of granules, paste, flour, etc., or consumed freshly boiled or raw . The leaves are also consumed as a green vegetable, which provides proteins and vitamins A and B. Cassava has been recognised as one of the most important food crops in Uganda, second to bananas in terms of area cultivated, total production and per capita consumption . Flavonoids are phenolic substances isolated from a wide range of vascular plants, and more than 8150 different flavonoids have been reported . They act in plants as antioxidants, antimicrobials, photoreceptors, visual attractors, feeding repellents, and for light screening .
Rule based Autonomous Citation Mining with TIERL

Citations management is an important task in managing digital libraries. Citations provide valuable information e.g., used in evaluating an author's influences or scholarly quality (the impact factor of research journals). But although a reliable and effective autonomous citation management is essential, manual citation management can be extremely costly. Automatic citation mining on the other hand is a non-trivial task mainly due to non-conforming citation styles, spelling errors and the difficulty of reliably extracting text from PDF documents. In this paper we propose a novel rule-based autonomous citation mining technique, to address this important task. We define a set of common heuristics that together allow to improve the state of the art in automatic citation mining. Moreover, by first disambiguating citations based on venues, our technique significantly enhances the correct discovery of citations. Our experiments show that the proposed approach is indeed able to overcome limitations of current leading citation indexes such as ISI Web of Knowl- edge, Citeseer and Google Scholar. Categories and Subject Descriptors H.3. 7 (Digital Libraries); System issues: H.3. 3 (Information Search and Retrieval); Retrieval models: I.1. 2 (Algorithms); Analysis of algorithms: I.2. 8 (Problem Solving, Control Methods, and Search);
Capacity for Empathy: Confronting Discrimina tion in Managing Multi cultural Work Force Diversity

This commentary focuses exclusively on problems of dis crimination as a major obstruction in managing diversity and incorporates an experiential training exercise for con fronting discrimination to better understand the difficulties in "going beyond equality" in managing diversity. The exer cise communicates the needed capacity for empathy or ability to cope with the emotional reactions of unequal treat ment that inevitably occur when socially or ethnically dif ferent people work together in organizations. The exercise and results of a recent field study reported herein focus on traditional forms of black and white discrimination. How ever, the procedure and instrument are general and may be modified to fit unique situations.
Diffusion of clusters of transmembrane proteins as a model of focal adhesion remodeling

Focal adhesions play a major role in maintaining the cell shape and motility, and in regulating numerous cellular processes. Observations suggest that the functioning of focal adhesions is possible due to their dynamic nature, yet the mechanisms that govern their motion are not well understood. This study addresses the process of focal adhesion remodeling using two distinct theoretical approaches. Namely, adhesion sites are modeled as clusters of integrins that are either bound to cytoskeletal elements or dissociated and temporarily free of any attachments. In the first approach effects of cluster size and permeability on the diffusion of mobile adhesion structures are studied using Brinkman’s effective medium approach. Diffusion coefficients calculated by this hydrodynamic model significantly decrease with the increase in contact area (the effective size of the focal adhesion). In the second approach focal adhesions are modeled as clusters of transmembrane proteins tightly connected to the cytoskeleton, but still capable of motion. The remodeling of these clusters is coupled to the deformation of the cytoskeleton by means of equating energies at the end states of a reversible elastodynamic interaction. Due to large uncertainty of the plasma membrane and the cytoskeleton properties, predicted diffusion coefficients vary within several orders of magnitude. However, a reasonable set of parameters for each model yields diffusion coefficients that compare favorably with those measured by single-particle tracking (SPT), fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), and fluorescence digital imaging (FDI). The estimated Young’s modulus of the stress fibers is also in good agreement with measurements. To assess the relevance of the models to focal adhesion remodeling and to improve their predictions, further data on the morphology of focal adhesions and on properties of the plasma membrane and the cytoskeleton are required.
Mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene and related genes as determinants of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors sensitivity in lung cancer

Recent discovery of mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in lung adenocarcinoma greatly stimulated biomarker research on predictive factors for EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), such as gefitinib and erlotinib. Although patients with activating mutations of the EGFR generally respond to EGFR TKIs very well, it is natural to assume that there is no sole determinant, considering great complexity and redundancy of the EGFR pathway. Subsequently, roles of different types of EGFR mutations or mutations of genes that are members of the EGFR pathway such as KRAS and HER2 have been evaluated. In this review, we summarize the recent findings about how mutations of the EGFR and related genes affect sensitivity to EFGR‐TKIs. We also discuss molecular mechanisms of acquired resistance to EGFR‐TKIs that is almost inevitable in EGFR‐TKI therapy. The door for genotype‐based treatment of lung cancer is beginning to open, and through these efforts, it will be possible to slow the progression of lung cancer and eventually, to decrease mortality from lung cancer. (Cancer Sci 2007; 98: 1817–1824)
Bio-inspired computing of vision — Fuzzy and neuromorphic processing

This paper describes the early vision of bio-inspired neuromorphic system enhanced by fuzzy processing, mimicking the primitive behaviour of visual cortex. The proposed bio-inspired system exhibits the biologically plausible function of mimicking the cat's visual cortex experimentation of Hubel and Wiesel. The neuromorphic implementation of vision is inspired by the directional visual signal selectivity of cortex and the CMOS spiking neuron based on Hodgkin-Huxley formalism. The membership function is introduced to improve the early vision and the improvement is demonstrated for robust applications, based on the recognition of human head figures.
Mid-Pleistocene divergence of Cuban and North American ivory-billed woodpeckers

We used ancient DNA analysis of seven museum specimens of the endangered North American ivory-billed woodpecker (Campephilus principalis) and three specimens of the species from Cuba to document their degree of differentiation and their relationships to other Campephilus woodpeckers. Analysis of these mtDNA sequences reveals that the Cuban and North American ivory bills, along with the imperial woodpecker (Campephilus imperialis) of Mexico, are a monophyletic group and are roughly equidistant genetically, suggesting each lineage may be a separate species. Application of both internal and external rate calibrations indicates that the three lineages split more than one million years ago, in the Mid-Pleistocene. We thus can exclude the hypothesis that Native Americans introduced North American ivory-billed woodpeckers to Cuba. Our sequences of all three woodpeckers also provide an important DNA barcoding resource for identification of non-invasive samples or remains of these critically endangered and charismatic woodpeckers.
Algorithms for voltage control in distribution networks

We consider the problem of exploiting the micro-generators connected to the power distribution grid to provide distributed reactive power compensation for voltage support. We review some of the state-of-the-art control strategies, compare and analyze their performance. Furthermore, we propose a novel control strategy that, exploiting communications among neighboring micro-generators, achieves a fast voltage regulation and minimizes the losses of the grid. Simulations are provided in order to confirm the effectiveness of the novel algorithm and to compare its performance with respect to the performance of the state-of-the-art algorithms. In addition, a discussion on the fundamental role played by the communication among generators to guarantee that voltage constraints are satisfied is included.
Blocked transcription through KvDMR1 results in absence of methylation and gene silencing resembling Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

The maternally methylated KvDMR1 ICR regulates imprinted expression of a cluster of maternally expressed genes on human chromosome 11p15.5. Disruption of imprinting leads to Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), an overgrowth and cancer predisposition condition. In the majority of individuals with BWS, maternal-specific methylation at KvDMR1 is absent and genes under its control are repressed. We analyzed a mouse model carrying a poly(A) truncation cassette inserted to prevent RNA transcripts from elongation through KvDMR1. Maternal inheritance of this mutation resulted in absence of DNA methylation at KvDMR1, which led to biallelic expression of Kcnq1ot1 and suppression of maternally expressed genes. This study provides further evidence that transcription is required for establishment of methylation at maternal gametic DMRs. More importantly, this mouse model recapitulates the molecular phenotypic characteristics of the most common form of BWS, including loss of methylation at KvDMR1 and biallelic repression of Cdkn1c, suggesting that deficiency of maternal transcription through KvDMR1 may be an underlying cause of some BWS cases. Summary: Maternal inheritance of a mutation to block RNA elongation through KvDMR1 results in an absence of DNA methylation at KvDMR1, biallelic expression of Kcnq1ot1 and suppression of maternally expressed genes.
A new shrinkage estimator for dispersion improves differential expression detection in RNA-seq data

Recent developments in RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology have led to a rapid increase in gene expression data in the form of counts. RNA-seq can be used for a variety of applications, however, identifying differential expression (DE) remains a key task in functional genomics. There have been a number of statistical methods for DE detection for RNA-seq data. One common feature of several leading methods is the use of the negative binomial (Gamma–Poisson mixture) model. That is, the unobserved gene expression is modeled by a gamma random variable and, given the expression, the sequencing read counts are modeled as Poisson. The distinct feature in various methods is how the variance, or dispersion, in the Gamma distribution is modeled and estimated. We evaluate several large public RNA-seq datasets and find that the estimated dispersion in existing methods does not adequately capture the heterogeneity of biological variance among samples. We present a new empirical Bayes shrinkage estimate of the dispersion parameters and demonstrate improved DE detection.
Assessing the Relationship between Software Assertions and Code Quality : An Empirical Investigation

The use of assertions in software development is thought to help produce quali ty software. Unfortunately, there is scant empirical evidence in commercial soft ware systems for this argument to date. This paper presents an empirical case study of two commer cial software components at Microsoft Corporation. The developers of these components syst ematically employed assertions, which allowed us to investigate the relationship bet ween software assertions and code quality. We also compare the efficacy of assertions agains t th t of popular bug finding techniques like source code static analysis tools. We obser ve from our case study that with an increase in the assertion density in a file there is a statistically significant decrease in fault density. Further, the usage of software assertions in these co mponents found a large percentage of the faults in the bug database.
E-Democracy, E-Commerce, and E-Research

Few doubt that the Internet is changing citizen interactions with government. To assess those changes, the authors analyze data from a telephone survey on how Georgia residents connect with government via the Internet. They find that citizens visit government Web sites for many reasons, which can be divided into three categories: e-democracy, e-commerce, and e-research. E-democracy is the least common activity, and it alone resembles traditional political behavior by being more prevalent among respondents interested in politics and government. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for future citizen engagement with e-governance and for the role of government in facilitating that engagement.
Parallel Computing to Predict Breast Cancer Recurrence on SEER Dataset using Map-Reduce Approach

to the late overpowering development rate of large scale data, the advancement of handling faster processing algorithms with optimal execution has turned into a critical need of the time. In this paper, parallel Map-Reduce algorithm is proposed, that encourages concurrent participation of various computing hubs to develop a classifier on SEER breast cancer data set. Our algorithm can prompt supported models whose speculation execution is near the respective baseline classifier. By exploiting their own parallel architecture the algorithm increases noteworthy speedup. In addition, the algorithm don't require singular processing hubs to communicate with each other, to share their data or to share the knowledge got from their data and consequently, they are powerful in safeguarding privacy of computation also. This paper utilized the Map-Reduce framework to implement the algorithms and experimented onSEER breast cancer data sets to exhibit the execution as far as classification accuracy and speedup. Keywordscancer; Big dataanalytics, Classification; Parallel Computing; MapReduce, SEER.
Development of a Brief Waiting Room Observation for Behaviours Typical of Reactive Attachment Disorder.

OBJECTIVE To develop a brief standardised observational schedule for Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) in school-age children to aid clinician recognition of these behaviours. DESIGN A new structured observational schedule for symptoms of RAD was developed using unstructured observation of children in a clinic waiting room setting. The measure's ability to discriminate between a sample of children with RAD and a normative sample was established by comparing scores in these two groups. METHOD Children aged 5-8 years (n = 77 [38 RAD cases and 39 controls]) were observed with their primary caregiver in a standardised waiting room setting. A structured observational tool was developed that tested the reliability, sensitivity and specificity of each item. RESULTS The schedule has good internal consistency (0.75). The individual items on the observational schedule were predominantly highly discriminatory between cases and comparisons, showing both reasonable sensitivity and excellent specificity. Certain questions were dropped due to poor discrimination and/or poor inter-rater reliability. CONCLUSION The 10-item observational schedule for RAD in school-age children provides a promising tool for assessment, although further research will be required to evaluate its ability to discriminate between RAD and other disorders.
Multiobjective Particle Swarm optimizer with dynamic epsilon-dominance sorting

In this paper, we propose a general dynamic epsilon non-domination sorting procedure to replace the exhaustive search approach used in the literature to tune the numerical values of the epsilon parameter of each objective in a multiobjective optimization problem (MOP). We integrate this approach into an MOPSO (Dyn-ε -MOPSO). Comparative evaluations using several multi-objectives test problems demonstrate the merit of our proposed dynamic epsilon dominance sorting.