Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How to help me get out of a gang: youth recommendations to family, school, community, and law enforcement systems

Research on juvenile gangs has focused predominantly on why adolescents are members of gangs rather than on how youths desist from gang involvement. Participants were recruited from a camp facility in central California. Using the Consensual Qualitative Research approach, four researchers reviewed 58 adolescent males' responses to six open-ended questions regarding how to help youths get out of gangs. These youths made six overarching recommendations: overall recommendations and those relating to school, family, community, law enforcement, and gang interventions. This article concludes with practical implications and future directions based on the integration of study results with the research literature. Keywords: gang membership, gang desistance, juvenile gangs, intervention, community, school, law enforcement, adolescence, juvenile justice Language: en
[Bacteriological studies of travellar's diarrhoea. 5) Analysis of enteropathogenic bacteria at Osaka Airport Quarantine Station from January 1992 through September 3rd, 1994].

During the last 2 years and 8 months before the closure of Osaka Airport Quarantine Station (from Jan. 1992 to Sep. 3, 1994), a total of 7,421,909 overseas travellers were quarantined. 15,919 reported themselves of suffering from diarrhoea. Bacteriological examination of a total of 6,031 individuals' stools were performed. 1) Various enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from 31.2% of the stools examined. Isolated species were as follows: Plesiomonas shigelloides, 1,127 cases (59.9%); Vibrio parahaemolyticus, 293 cases (15.6%); Salmonella spp. , 262 cases (13.9%); Shigella spp. , 235 cases (12.5%); Aeromonas sobria, 93 cases (4.9%); V. cholerae non-O1, 69 cases (3.7%). 2) The enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated through out the year without any seasonal variation. 3) The major regions where the travellers were infected with the pathogens are as follows: V. cholerae non-O1 (NAG Vibrio) and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, South-East and South-West Asia; Vibrio other than NAG, South-East and East Asia; Shigella, widely distributed but especially in India; P. shigelloides and Salmonella, widely distributed. 4) 2 strains of toxigenic (cholera toxin-producing) V. cholerae O139 were isolated from patients who had visited Indonesia and Thailand, respectively. 5) In 320 cases (17%), plural enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from single patients, suggesting a high frequency of the mixed infections. 6) Among Shigella strains, S. sonnei were isolated the most, followed by S. flexneri (24.7%), S. boydii (8.8%) and S. dysenteriae (2.9%). 7) Among Salmonella serovers, Salmonella Enteritidis was isolated the most frequently (39 cases, 14.1%). 8) 218 (91.6%) of 238 Shigella strains and 103 (37.6%) of 276 Salmonella strains were resistant to one or more drugs tested (SM.CP.TC.KM.ABPC.NA.OFLX). 9) All of the 22 V. cholerae O1 strains were Ogawa, E1 Tor. Among them, 19 were toxigenic strains and 3 were non-toxigenic. 10) O4:K8 was the most frequently isolated serover of V. paraemolyticus. 87.4% of all V. parahaemolyticus strains were positive with thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) gene, and 12.6% of them were positive with TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) gene by DNA-probe methods.
An Appraisal of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy with Clopidogrel and Aspirin for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events

Combination antiplatelet therapy, typically with clopidogrel and aspirin, is commonly used for the prevention of cardiovascular events. When used for appropriate indications and duration, its benefits clearly outweigh its risks. However, it is not uncommon for the combination to be used outside of recommended indications or for longer than recommended durations. In these circumstances data are at best unclear and, at worst, indicative of harm. Furthermore, use for one of its indications—prevention of cardiac events after deployment of a coronary stent—is complicated by the type of stent used. This report reviews the evidence surrounding combination antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin, with an emphasis on identifying appropriate indications for and durations of therapy.
ICH Topic: The draft ICH S7B step 2: Note for guidance on safety pharmacology studies for human pharmaceuticals

During the last ICH Expert Working Group meeting for Safety Pharmacology in February 2002 in Brussels, the appended step 2 S7B document on QT Prolongation was signed off. This paper will now be published by the three agencies. The comment period will be 6 months. Nevertheless, the EU and EFPIA would be very appreciative of comments received before the end of May 2002, in order to start the discussion on how this step 2 document should be modified.
[Some biochemical parameters in sheep infected with endoparasites (Fasciola spp., Dicrocoelium dendriticum, hydatid cysts, Trichostrongylidae and Protostrongylidae)].

This study was performed in order to investigate the variations of some blood biochemical parameters as well as the levels of Vitamin. B(12) and some macro elements in sheep infected with endoparasites. The blood samples were taken from the sheep that were to be slaughtered in the Van Municipality Slaughterhouse while the stool samples were taken after the slaughtering of the same animals. The postmortem examinations were made to investigate for the presence of Fasciola spp. , D. dendriticum and cyst hydatid infections. The stool samples were examined helminthologically using native, sedimentation, flotation and Baermann-Wetzel methods. The control group was composed of animals not showing any internal organ parasites or parasites in the stool examination. Following the macroscopic and the stool examination, the animals found to have the same type of parasites were considered to be the study group. According to the analyses performed on the animals, the levels of total protein (in Trichostrongylidae, hydatid cysts), globulin, amylase, chlorine, and Vit.B(12) were found to be increased significantly, while the levels of albumin, magnesium, and phosphorus were found to be decreased significantly. The other parameters analyzed were not significant statistically between the groups.
Effects of thermally conducting particles on resistance to tracking failure of polyimide/BN composites

Polyimide (PI) film, as a special type of engineering plastic film, is a kind of basic insulating material and is widely used in electrical and electronic industry. However, polyimide film has a relatively low thermal conductivity so it may be damaged by thermal breakdown. One approach to obtain a higher thermal conductivity composite is to introduce inorganic fillers with high thermal conductivity. The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of boron nitride (BN) particles on thermal accumulation and tracking failure process. In this paper, polyimide samples were prepared with different weight ratios. The thermal conductivity of 2.58 W/m·K was obtained for the composites that was loaded h-BN(hexagonal boron nitride) with the mass fraction of 80 wt%. Tracking failure process under different pulse frequency was measured with a digital camera and an infrared thermal imager. The CCD camera was used to observe the failure process and the infrared imager was used to measure the thermal accumulation and decay process. Obtained results showed that the addition of BN fillers had a significant inhibitory effect on tracking failure process. With increasing the mass fraction of BN, the time to tracking failure increased obviously. The ability to inhibit tracking was improved by reducing the temperature at the concentrated discharge region and increasing the heat dissipation region. High frequency discharges were more easily to cause the thermal accumulation, which was unfavorable to the reliability of materials. It is concluded that the tracking resistance can be improved by adding BN particles.
Public Availability of Published Research Data in High-Impact Journals

Background There is increasing interest to make primary data from published research publicly available. We aimed to assess the current status of making research data available in highly-cited journals across the scientific literature. Methods and Results We reviewed the first 10 original research papers of 2009 published in the 50 original research journals with the highest impact factor. For each journal we documented the policies related to public availability and sharing of data. Of the 50 journals, 44 (88%) had a statement in their instructions to authors related to public availability and sharing of data. However, there was wide variation in journal requirements, ranging from requiring the sharing of all primary data related to the research to just including a statement in the published manuscript that data can be available on request. Of the 500 assessed papers, 149 (30%) were not subject to any data availability policy. Of the remaining 351 papers that were covered by some data availability policy, 208 papers (59%) did not fully adhere to the data availability instructions of the journals they were published in, most commonly (73%) by not publicly depositing microarray data. The other 143 papers that adhered to the data availability instructions did so by publicly depositing only the specific data type as required, making a statement of willingness to share, or actually sharing all the primary data. Overall, only 47 papers (9%) deposited full primary raw data online. None of the 149 papers not subject to data availability policies made their full primary data publicly available. Conclusion A substantial proportion of original research papers published in high-impact journals are either not subject to any data availability policies, or do not adhere to the data availability instructions in their respective journals. This empiric evaluation highlights opportunities for improvement.
Oral mucosal manifestations in primary and secondary Sjögren syndrome and dry mouth syndrome

Introduction One of the most important symptoms of Sjögren syndrome is xerostomia. The oral cavity deprived of saliva and its natural lubricative, protective and antibacterial properties is prone to a number of unfavourable consequences. Aim To present the most important lesions on the oral mucosa in primary and secondary Sjögren syndrome and in dry mouth syndrome. Material and methods The study group comprised 55 patients including 52 women and 3 men aged 20–72 years (average: 28.25 years). Results Basing on the accepted criteria, primary Sjögren syndrome was diagnosed in 22 (40%) patients, secondary Sjögren syndrome in 18 (32.7%) patients, and dry mouth syndrome in 15 (27.27%) patients. The physical examination and the examination of the mouth were performed and history was elicited from every patient. Conclusions The most common pathologies appearing on the oral mucosa in primary and secondary Sjögren syndrome are angular cheilitis, cheilitis, increased lip dryness as well as non-specific ulcerations, aphthae and aphthoid conditions.
Characteristics of Wavelength-Tunable Harmonically Mode-Locked Short-Cavity Fiber Ring Laser Using a Bismuth-Oxide-Based Erbium-Doped Fiber and a Bismuth-Oxide-Based Highly Nonlinear Fiber

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a wavelength-tunable harmonically mode-locked short-cavity fiber ring laser, employing a 151-cm-long bismuth-oxide-based erbium-doped fiber (Bi-EDF) and a 414-cm-long bismuth-oxide-based highly nonlinear fiber (Bi-HNLF). A 75-nm continuous wavelength tuning from 1535 to 1610 nm can be achieved by utilizing the wide gain bandwidth of the Bi-EDF. Ultra-high nonlinearity of the Bi-HNLF collaborates with spectral filtering by an optical bandpass filter to suppress the supermode noise quite effectively. Total length of the ring cavity including all optical components is as short as 10 m. Back-to-back bit-error-rate measurements also confirm bit-error-free operation throughout the entire wavelength tuning range.
COMPARISON OF ACTIVATION FUNCTIONS IN MULTILAYER NEURAL NETWORKS FOR STAGE CLASSIFICATION IN BREAST CANCER

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), recently applied to a number of clinical, business, forecasting, time series prediction, and other applications, are computational systems consisting of artificial neurons called nodes arranged in different layers with interconnecting links. Among the available wide range of neural networks, most research is concentrated around feed forward neural networks called Multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs). One of the important components of an artificial neural network (ANN) is the activation function. This paper discusses properties of activation functions in multilayer neural network applied to breast cancer stage classification. There are a number of common activation functions in use with ANNs. The main objective in this work is to compare and analyze the performance of MLPs which has back-propagation algorithm using various activation functions for the neurons of hidden and output layers to evaluate their performance on the stage classification of breast cancer data.
Experimental study of propagation characteristics for wireless communications in high-speed train cars

This paper describes the measurement results of propagation loss characteristics in high-speed train cars. We focus on the propagation loss in intra-car communications using a 2-GHz band and inter-car communications using a 5-GHz band. The measurement campaign is carried out using real train cars under both running and non-running conditions. The measurement results for intra-car communications indicate a waveguide effect in a closed space environment, and based on the results, we clarify the maximum propagation loss expected in intra-car communications. The measurement results for intercar communications indicate that the propagation loss is greatly affected by waves re-entering the car through train windows, and we evaluate the influence of the re-entering waves on the variance in the propagation loss between the train cars.
Determination of the X‐ray structure of the snake venom protein omwaprin by total chemical synthesis and racemic protein crystallography

The 50‐residue snake venom protein L‐omwaprin and its enantiomer D‐omwaprin were prepared by total chemical synthesis. Radial diffusion assays were performed against Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus anthracis; both L‐ and D‐omwaprin showed antibacterial activity against B. megaterium. The native protein enantiomer, made of L‐amino acids, failed to crystallize readily. However, when a racemic mixture containing equal amounts of L‐ and D‐omwaprin was used, diffraction quality crystals were obtained. The racemic protein sample crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P21/c and its structure was determined at atomic resolution (1.33 Å) by a combination of Patterson and direct methods based on the strong scattering from the sulfur atoms in the eight cysteine residues per protein. Racemic crystallography once again proved to be a valuable method for obtaining crystals of recalcitrant proteins and for determining high‐resolution X‐ray structures by direct methods.
Ethical Investment: Empirical Evidence from FTSE Islamic Index

This paper examines the hypothesis that ethical investment has inferior performance compared with their unscreened benchmarks. We empirically test whether returns earned by investors who purchase shares in the FTSE Global Islamic Index are significantly different from their index counterpart (FTSE AllWorld Index). The sample period is divided into two sub-periods, bull period (July 1996 – March 2000) and bear period (April 2000 - August 2003). A comparison of the raw and risk-adjusted performance show that the Islamic index performs as well as the FTSE All-World index over the entire period. On the other hand, the Islamic index yields statistically significant positive abnormal returns in the bull market period, although it underperforms the counterpart index in the bear market period. In general, our findings show that the application of ethical screening does not have an adverse effect on the FTSE Global Islamic Index performance.
Distributed storage capacity modelling of EV parking lots

As the power grids have been evolved to be more smarter, distributed energy resources (DER) and Electric vehicles (EVs) provide a new and effective storage capacity during peak loading times. EVs are the new and upcoming technology to electrify the transportation sector. EVs refer many advantages which one of them is expected to be an effective distributed energy capacity for future power systems. Furthermore, they give an opportunity to store the excess of generation from renewable energy in off-peak periods. It is clear that an effective storage can be achieved by aggregating the single EVs. Commercial car parks and parking lots (PL) of several public and private companies can be used for these purposes. The objective of this paper is to develop a probabilistic available capacity model of an EV PL by sequential Monte Carlo simulations that will in turn supply the distribution network.
The Prediction of Serial Number in OpenSSL's X.509 Certificate

In 2007, a real faked X.509 certificate based on the chosen-prefix collision of MD5 was presented by Marc Stevens. In the method, attackers needed to predict the serial number of X.509 certificates generated by CAs besides constructing the collision pairs of MD5. After that, the randomness of the serial number is required. Then, in this case, how do we predict the random serial number? Thus, the way of generating serial number in OpenSSL was reviewed. The vulnerability was found that the value of the field “not before” of X.509 certificates generated by OpenSSL leaked the generating time of the certificates. Since the time is the seed of generating serial number in OpenSSL, we can limit the seed in a narrow range and get a series of candidate serial numbers and use these candidate serial numbers to construct faked X.509 certificates through Stevens’s method. Although MD5 algorithm has been replaced by CAs, the kind of attack will be feasible if the chosen-prefix collision of current hash functions is found in the future. Furthermore, we investigate the way of generating serial numbers of certificates in other open source libraries, such as EJBCA, CFSSL, NSS, Botan, and Fortify.
An Architecture for High Performance Engineering Information Systems

Commercially available database systems do not meet the information and processing needs of design and manufacturing environments. A new generation of systems-engineering information systems-must be built to meet these needs. The architectural and computational aspects of such systems are addressed, and solutions are proposed. The authors argue that a mainframe-workstation architecture is needed to provide distributed functionality while ensuring high availability and low communication overhead, that explicit control of metaknowledge is needed to support extendibility and evolution, that large rule bases are needed to make the knowledge of the systems active, and that incremental computation models are needed to achieve the required performance of such engineering information systems. >
Two factor image-based password authentication for junior high school students

Internet is popular for people at all ages. A computer is used to access the Internet but a user needs to authenticate himself to the system in order to gain access. The problem of a typical authentication technique is to memorize a password. Lots of junior high school students in Pakthongchaiprachaniramit School cannot remember their own password and this work is proposed to solve the problem by using an image-based password technique instead. However, a normal image-based password can be easily hacked using a shoulder surfing attack. This work proposed the two factor image-based password technique using image and random questions. However, when the percentage of successful log-in was compared, this work outperformed the alphanumeric-based password. When the third log-in (15 days after registration) was conducted, the percentage of successful log-in of our proposed work was 95% comparing to 58.33% of alphanumeric-based password. In addition, the proposed technique was able to prevent from the shoulder surfing attack.
B- and T-Lymphocyte Attenuator Targeting Protects Against the Acute Phase of Graft Versus Host Reaction by Inhibiting Donor Anti-Host Cytotoxicity

Background. B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) functions as a coinhibitory/costimulatory molecule that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and exhibits a pattern of expression restricted to the hematopoietic compartment. Engagement of BTLA by its ligand, herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM), delivers negative signals to T cells, whereas engagement of HVEM receptor on T cells by surface BTLA expressed on other immune cells costimulates T activation. Previous work has reported that parental donor BTLA knock-out or HVEM knock-out T cells adoptively transferred into nonirradiated F1 recipient mice survived poorly, and the rejection of host hematopoietic cells was attenuated compared with F1 recipients receiving wild-type T cells. Methods. Parent into nonirradiated immunocompetent F1 murine model of acute graft versus host reaction, which is induced with the adoptive transfer of splenocytes from donor B6 mice (H-2b) into F1 recipients (BALB/c×B6, H-2d/b), was used as an experimental approach to test the therapeutic effect of targeting BTLA during the course of an allogeneic immune response. Results. We herein provide evidence that administration of an anti-BTLA monoclonal antibody leads to significant reduction of donor anti-host allogeneic immune response against bone marrow and thymus during the acute phase of graft versus host reaction in a parent into nonirradiated F1 murine model of alloreactivity. Anti-BTLA protection against donor anti-host hematopoietic cell rejection correlated with impaired anti-host cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity than reduction in T-cell number infiltrating host tissues. Conclusions. These findings place BTLA receptor as a potential immunoregulatory target for the modulation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated alloresponses.
Cellulose Degradation by Micromonosporas Recovered from Freshwater Lakes and Classification of These Actinomycetes by DNA Gyrase B Gene Sequencing

ABSTRACT A number of Micromonospora strains isolated from the water column, sediment, and cellulose baits placed in freshwater lakes were shown to be able to degrade cellulose in lake water without any addition of nutrients. A selective isolation method was also developed to demonstrate that CFU arose from both spores and hyphae that inhabit the lake environment. Gyrase B gene sequencing performed on the isolates identified a number of new centers of variation within Micromonospora, but the most actively cellulolytic strains were recovered in a single cluster that equated with the type species of the genus, M. chalcea.
The Study of Effect of Levofloxacin on Disorders of Female Hormones in Rats

Mehdi Ahmadifar was born in 1988. He received his B.A in the field of Biology, animal science from Azad university in 2011. He completed his MS degree in the field of Biology, animal science, animal physiology in 2013 from Azad Univer sity. The topic of his thesis for MSc degree was “The Effects of Levofloxacin on Spermatogenesis in Rats”. Currently, he is working as a researcher in Royan Research Institute and University of Science and Culture. He published 5 articles in International and national journals and presented 16 articles in several congresses.