Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Contextcast: A Context-Aware Communication Mechanism

The dissemination of messages according to clients' contexts (i.e., location and other attributes) opens up new possibilities in context-aware systems. While geocast or content-based publish/subscribe forward messages according to client location or attributes, respectively, neither uses a combination of the two. In this paper, we present this new communication paradigm and the challenges it poses. We also extend concepts from publish/subscribe networks to efficiently deal with highly dynamic user location to lower update rates by approximating the user's location. This reduces update rates by between 25% and 90%, depending on the granularity of the approximation.
Thinking and language learning

The importance of thinking for language learning has been recognized for some time. ELT activities which encourage active mental processing have become increasingly common. However, there is evidence that the use of such activities has still not become widespread in a number of ELT situations. One reason for this may be lack of awareness about how levels of thinking can be conceptualized in ELT activities. This paper therefore attempts to clarify the types of thinking that ELT activities can promote, and how they can be integrated in a basic learning cycle. In particular, it focuses on the possibility (and importance) of providing learners who have only a limited knowledge of English with activities that nevertheless involve creative thinking. The ideas are illustrated via a series of sample activities.
Tracking moving object via a sensor network with partial information broadcasting scheme

Tracking moving object is one of the key applications of wireless sensor networks. A wireless sensor network is often constrained with the restrictive power and processing capability of each node, and the limited communication bandwidth. We develop a partial information broadcasting scheme (PIBS) for moving object tracking. The relation between communication capacity and tracking accuracy under PIBS is quantified, in which all the nodes take individual measurements and only some nodes broadcast the data. A “Good Estimates First Broadcast” (GEFB) policy is developed to improve the estimates. The numerical results show that the PIBS together with the GEFB policy can reduce a large amount of communication load with minor degradation in tracking accuracy.
An Empirical Analysis of the Adoption Barriers of E- commerce in Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) with implementation of Technology Acceptance Model

Entrance of electronic technologies to the field of trade has caused many changes in the business environment and competition and has caused a large number of companies to pay attention to E-commerce methods and some of them succeed to obtain a lot of advantages and benefits from them. Small and Medium sized Enterprises are forced to use electronic technologies to survive in the competitive environment and gain more market share against large companies. But in this way they are faced with problems. Therefore, the challenges and limitations of these companies should be examined in the adoption of e-commerce. The aim of this study is to identify the main obstacles and challenges of E-commerce adoption by SMEs. The aim of the present study is applied and data collection is descriptive -survey and correlational. The study population consisted of managers and experts of companies in the industrial city of Bushehr (Iran). Total sample size is 157 people from 86 companies that were collected by convenient sampling data. Data were collected by using a questionnaire. The validity of questionnaire was confirmed through the content validity and reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Analyzing the data was done by structural equation modeling via partial least squares method by the help of smart PLS software. The results showed that organizational barriers, technical barriers and environmental barriers as external factors on technology has effected on two starter variables of technology acceptance model that includes usefulness and perceived ease and this predicted relationships are confirmed. In addition, expressed relationships in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), including the impact of usefulness and perceived ease on attitude, impact of attitude on Intention and finally impact of Intention on actual use was confirmed.
Smart Access to Historical Archives based on Rich Semantic Metadata

Documentary heritage about social and political history of the 20th Century could be an important support for citizens awareness, provided that it is not endangered by the lack of effective access and management tools. In this paper we present a work that is part of the Harlock'900 project and aims at showing how a rich semantic representation, based on ontologies and Semantic Web standards, can enable an innovative and user-friendly access to resources stored in historical archives. In particular, we present a web application enabling users to explore events, places and people mentioned in archival resources. The application relies on a semantic layer  including a computational ontology and a RDF triplestore, and provides a User Interface that supports the navigation through highly interconnected data, offering different possible exploration paths. We also report the encouraging feedback obtained by a preliminary evaluation based on a domain expert walkthrough the app.
Physical capacity and work ability among middle-aged women in physically demanding work – a 10-year follow-up study

The aim of this study was to ascertain changes in physical capacity and work ability among middle-aged women (over 45 years of age) who had worked on average 20 years between 1989 and 2000 in physically demanding work. The second aim was to consider whether there were any differences in changes of physical capacity between two different work demand groups (physically vs. mixed mentally and physically demanding work). The total relative changes in physical capacity varied from 33.3% decrease to 5.3% increase, depending on the physical capacity variables. The steepest decreases were in the dynamic strength of the upper limbs, squatting and in aerobic capacity, and only the body mass index increased over 10 years. The perceived work ability decreased from good to moderate among working women over 10 years. It is concluded that women who had physically demanding work had a greater decrease in physical capacity than women in mixed mental and physical work had. This study proposes that in physically demanding occupations, it is very important to promote workers’ physical capacity to enhance work ability and functional ability with increasing age.
Evaluating the Quality of Instruction in Art: A Social Judgment Analysis

This study applied the methods and analytical procedures of social judgment theory to the study of teaching effectiveness in the arts. Four groups of judges, with varying levels of experience in art, rated the quality of 35 hypothetical art teachers on a series of seven dimensions relating to effectiveness of teaching. Results indicated that subjects in all groups displayed very similar strategies, giving most weight to the teachers' enthusiasm, knowledge, supportiveness, and communication skills in the evaluation of instructional quality. Subjects also showed little awareness of the dimensions they employed in making such judgments.
Adaptive regulation of intestinal lysine metabolism.

The metabolism of dietary essential amino acids by the gut has a direct effect on their systemic availability and potentially limits growth. We demonstrate that, in neonatal pigs bearing portal and arterial catheters and fed a diet containing 23% protein [high protein (HP) diet], more than half the intake of essential amino acids is metabolized by the portal-drained viscera (PDV). Intraduodenal or i.v. infusions of [U-(13)C]-lysine were used to measure the appearance across and the use of the tracer by the PDV. In HP-fed pigs, lysine use by the PDV was derived almost entirely from the arterial input. In these animals, the small amount of dietary lysine used in first pass was oxidized almost entirely. Even so, intestinal lysine oxidation (24 micromol/kg per h) accounted for one-third of whole-body lysine oxidation (77 micromol/kg per h). Total lysine use by the PDV was not affected by low protein (LP) feeding (HP, 213 micromol/kg per h; LP,186 micromol/kg per h). In LP-fed pigs, the use of lysine by the PDV accounted for more than 75% of its intake. In contrast to HP feeding, both dietary and arterial lysines were used by the PDV of LP-fed pigs in nearly equal amounts. Intestinal lysine oxidation was suppressed completely. We conclude that the PDV are key organs with respect to amino acid metabolism and that the intestines use a disproportionately large amount of the dietary supply of amino acids during protein restriction.
Synthesis of transportation fuels from biomass: chemistry, catalysts, and engineering.

1.0. Introduction 4044 2.0. Biomass Chemistry and Growth Rates 4047 2.1. Lignocellulose and Starch-Based Plants 4047 2.2. Triglyceride-Producing Plants 4049 2.3. Algae 4050 2.4. Terpenes and Rubber-Producing Plants 4052 3.0. Biomass Gasification 4052 3.1. Gasification Chemistry 4052 3.2. Gasification Reactors 4054 3.3. Supercritical Gasification 4054 3.4. Solar Gasification 4055 3.5. Gas Conditioning 4055 4.0. Syn-Gas Utilization 4056 4.1. Hydrogen Production by Water−Gas Shift Reaction 4056
Empirical study on enhancing the accuracy of software cost estimation model for defense software development project applications

This paper provides the result of the empirical study on enhancing the accuracy of software cost estimation model for defense software development project applications. It is very important to build a software cost model adequate to the environment for the accurate results of the estimation. Calibration can be used for building its own software cost model by using preexisting model such as the COCOMO II. In this paper, we practiced the calibration of the COCOMO II model using data collected from the defense software development projects by using calico calibration software. The results show that the estimation accuracy became enhanced after calibration. Also we found that the performance of calibrating both the multipliers and exponent is better than calibrating multipliers only. Finally this paper includes comments on reasons of the lower calibration performance and future works to enhance the estimation accuracy.
Intimate Partner Homicide in Chicago Over 29 Years

From 1965-1993, in Chicago 2,556 people were killed in intimate partner homicides (marital, ex-marital, common-law, ex-common-law, boyfriend/girlfriend or ex-boyfriend/girlfriend, or gay domestic relationship). These homicides ranged from fewer than 70 to more than 130 per year, occurred in a variety of situations, and involved about half male and half female victims of diverse ages and racial/ethnic groups. In this analysis, the authors identify the major trends in intimate homicide over this 29-year period discuss the people who are most at risk and the high-risk situations and explore implications for intervention strategies are explored.
The Ontogeny of Long‐Term Retention During the Second Year of Life

Developmental changes in retention were assessed in two experiments with 18- and 24-month-old infants. In both experiments, infants were tested in a deferred imitation paradigm. In Experiment 1, independent groups of infants were tested either immediately or after delays of 1, 14, 28 or 56 days. There was no age-related difference in the spontaneous production of target actions (baseline) or in immediate imitation. There were age-related changes in retention after longer delays. Eighteen-month-olds exhibited retention for 14 days and 24-month-olds exhibited retention for at least 56 days. In Experiment 2, the maximum duration of retention by 24-month-olds was assessed. Independent groups of infants were tested after 3 or 6 months. Infants exhibited some evidence of retention after 3 months; however, forgetting was complete after 6 months.
N-Version programming for the detection of zero-day exploits

Using N-Version programming techniques to increase software reliability is a well-explored field. In this paper, we extend the concept to the detection of new security vulnerabilities. Using our own N-Version arbiter, Judicare, we implement a simple auction web application, and demonstrate how our application is robust to the most common Web vulnerabilities as documented by OWASP. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results in the context of detection of Zero-Day attacks.
Dual Function of CD81 in Influenza Virus Uncoating and Budding

As an obligatory pathogen, influenza virus co-opts host cell machinery to harbor infection and to produce progeny viruses. In order to characterize the virus-host cell interactions, several genome-wide siRNA screens and proteomic analyses have been performed recently to identify host factors involved in influenza virus infection. CD81 has emerged as one of the top candidates in two siRNA screens and one proteomic study. The exact role played by CD81 in influenza infection, however, has not been elucidated thus far. In this work, we examined the effect of CD81 depletion on the major steps of the influenza infection. We found that CD81 primarily affected virus infection at two stages: viral uncoating during entry and virus budding. CD81 marked a specific endosomal population and about half of the fused influenza virus particles underwent fusion within the CD81-positive endosomes. Depletion of CD81 resulted in a substantial defect in viral fusion and infection. During virus assembly, CD81 was recruited to virus budding site on the plasma membrane, and in particular, to specific sub-viral locations. For spherical and slightly elongated influenza virus, CD81 was localized at both the growing tip and the budding neck of the progeny viruses. CD81 knockdown led to a budding defect and resulted in elongated budding virions with a higher propensity to remain attached to the plasma membrane. Progeny virus production was markedly reduced in CD81-knockdown cells even when the uncoating defect was compensated. In filamentous virus, CD81 was distributed at multiple sites along the viral filament. Taken together, these results demonstrate important roles of CD81 in both entry and budding stages of the influenza infection cycle.
Timing-driven variation-aware nonuniform clock mesh synthesis

Clock skew variations adversely affect timing margins, limiting performance, reducing yield, and may also lead to functional faults. Non-tree clock distribution networks, such as meshes and crosslinks, are employed to reduce skew and also to mitigate skew variations. However, these networks incur an increase in dissipated power while consuming significant metal resources. Several methods have been proposed to trade off power and wires to reduce skew. In this paper, an efficient algorithm is presented to reduce skew variations rather than skew, and prioritize the algorithm for critical timing paths, since these paths are more sensitive to skew variations. The algorithm has been implemented for a standard 65 nm cell library using standard EDA tools, and has been tested on several benchmark circuits. As compared to other methods, experimental results show a 37% average reduction in metal consumption and 39% average reduction in power dissipation, while insignificantly increasing the maximum skew.
A Web-Based Political Exchange for Election Outcome Predictions

Prices form in a free market by the interaction of supply and demand. In a highly competitive industry, prices fluctuate. An exchange market provides an arena for investors to exercise speculative opportunities based on their perception of price movements. We describe an online exchange where political futures contracts are traded. In the design, the liquidation value of a share of political futures contract is determined by the percentage of votes received by a candidate in the election. Such a political exchange was run during Taiwan's general election campaign in March, 2004. A feature of the experimentation is that money is fictitious in the trading. We devised ways to introduce incentives. We report predictions by the exchange that outperform conventional polls.
Exploiting thermal-area tradeoffs in high-level synthesis through resources number selection

Thermal crisis has been widely regarded by IC industry. High temperature heavily impacts on reliability, performance, cooling cost and power consumption of ICs. High temperature can be reduced by increasing area. However arbitrarily large area, namely high number of resources in high-level view, dramatically increases IC cost. This paper proposes a technique to achieve proper thermal-area tradeoff. First the most proper resource numbers are identified to equalize different types of resourcespsila power density. And then heuristic synthesis strategy aims to make same types of resourcespsila power density even. We demonstrate that, the proper resources number is achieved when power density of all resources is even. Our solution with the most proper resources number can be a better starting point for the subsequent incremental improvement. As the same area increases, our global optimal solution reduces 44% more peak temperature than our local optimal solution.
An Estimate of Risk Aversion in the U.S. Electorate

Recent work in political science has taken up the question of issue voting under conditions of uncertainty – situations in which voters have imperfect information about the policy positions of candidates. We move beyond the assumption of a particular spatial utility function and develop a model to estimate voters' preferences for risk. Contrary to the maintained hypothesis in the literature, voters do not appear to have the strongly risk averse preferences implied by quadratic preferences.
Research on Automatically Building Tibetan Folk Culture Ontology Library for Sino-Tibetan Machine Translation

In order to achieve the Sino-Tibetan machine translation system, the key problem is the automatic construction of the domain ontology. We use a combination of concept hierarchy theory and KDD (knowledge discovery in databases) technology to automatically build domain ontology. For building domain ontology, we should first extract information and build model of information in this field to create the initial concepts for ontology. We will automatically build Tibetan folk culture ontology library. In it, we will collect more than 100 kinds of Tibetan folk culture characteristics and find the relationship between them. Then we will establish their concept of a hierarchical tree, and finally achieve the expansion of the ontology knowledge through KDD technology for Sino-Tibetan Machine translation.
Implementing the sterile insect technique with RNA interference – a review

We review RNA interference (RNAi) of insect pests and its potential for implementing sterile insect technique (SIT)‐related control. The molecular mechanisms that support RNAi in pest species are reviewed in detail, drawing on literature from a range of species including Drosophila melanogaster Meigen and Homo sapiens L. The underlying genes that enable RNAi are generally conserved across taxa, although variance exists in both their form and function. RNAi represents a plausible, non‐GM system for targeting populations of insects for control purposes, if RNAi effector molecules can be delivered environmentally (eRNAi). We consider studies of eRNAi from across several insect orders and review to what extent taxonomy, genetics, and differing methods of double‐stranded (ds) RNA synthesis and delivery can influence the efficiency of gene knockdown. Several factors, including the secondary structure of the target mRNA and the specific nucleotide sequence of dsRNA effector molecules, can affect the potency of eRNAi. However, taxonomic relationships between insects cannot be used to reliably forecast the efficiency of an eRNAi response. The mechanisms by which insects acquire dsRNA from their environment require further research, but the evidence to date suggests that endocytosis and transport channels both play key roles. Delivery of RNA molecules packaged in intermediary carriers such as bacteria or nanoparticles may facilitate their entry into and through the gut, and enable the evasion of host defence systems, such as toxic pH, that would otherwise attenuate the potential for RNAi.
Automatic page scrolling for mobile Web search

Nowadays the usage of mobile phones is widely spread in our daily life. We use mobile phones as a camera, radio, music player, and even an internet browser. As most Web pages were originally designed for desktop computers with large screens, viewing them on smaller displays involves a number of horizontal and vertical page scrolling. To save mobile Web search fatigue caused by repeated scrolling, we investigate the automatic Web page scrolling problem based on two observations. First, every web page has many different parts that do not have the equal importance to an end user, and the user is often interested in a certain part of the Web page. Second, the ease of use of text-entry in mobile phones compare to the desktop computers', users usually prefer to search the Web just once and get the needed answer. Compared to the existing efforts on page layout modification and content splitting for easy page navigation on mobile displays, we present a simple yet effective approach of automatic page scrolling for mobile Web search, while keeping the original Web page content keeps its integrity and hence, preventing any loss of information. We work with the Document Object Model (DOM) of the clicked page by user, compute the relevance of each paragraph of the Web page based on the tf*idf (term frequency*inverse document frequency) values of user's search keywords occurring in that paragraph. The focus of the browser will be automatically scrolled to the most relevant one. Our user study shows that the proposed approach can achieve 96.47% scrolling accuracy under one search keyword, and 94.78% under multiple search keywords, while the time spending in computing the most important part does not vary much from the number of search keywords. The users can save up to 1.5 sec in searching and finding the needed information compare to the best case of our user study.
Co-operative Private Equality Test

We study the following problem: party A's secret input is a, party B's secret input is b, and party C's input is empty; they want to know if a = b with restriction that A and B should not learn anything more than what is implied by their secret inputs and the comparison result, and C should not learn anything about a or b except if a = b. This problem can be seen as a variant of the socialist millionaires' problem. We propose a simple and efficient protocol for this problem from a semantically homomorphic encryption scheme. The protocol is fair if party C is semi-honest.