Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ectopic Expression of ABSCISIC ACID 2/GLUCOSE INSENSITIVE 1 in Arabidopsis Promotes Seed Dormancy and Stress Tolerance1[C][OA]

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone that plays a critical role in seed development, dormancy, and stress tolerance. 9-cis-Epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase is the key enzyme controlling ABA biosynthesis and stress tolerance. In this study, we investigated the effect of ectopic expression of another ABA biosynthesis gene, ABA2 (or GLUCOSE INSENSITIVE 1 [GIN1]) encoding a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We show that ABA2-overexpressing transgenic plants with elevated ABA levels exhibited seed germination delay and more tolerance to salinity than wild type when grown on agar plates and/or in soil. However, the germination delay was abolished in transgenic plants showing ABA levels over 2-fold higher than that of wild type grown on 250 mm NaCl. The data suggest that there are distinct mechanisms underlying ABA-mediated inhibition of seed germination under diverse stress. The ABA-deficient mutant aba2, with a shorter primary root, can be restored to normal root growth by exogenous application of ABA, whereas transgenic plants overexpressing ABA2 showed normal root growth. The data reflect that the basal levels of ABA are essential for maintaining normal primary root elongation. Furthermore, analysis of ABA2 promoter activity with ABA2∷β-glucuronidase transgenic plants revealed that the promoter activity was enhanced by multiple prolonged stresses, such as drought, salinity, cold, and flooding, but not by short-term stress treatments. Coincidently, prolonged drought stress treatment led to the up-regulation of ABA biosynthetic and sugar-related genes. Thus, the data support ABA2 as a late expression gene that might have a fine-tuning function in mediating ABA biosynthesis through primary metabolic changes in response to stress.
MOE-A framework integrating network performance monitoring, optimization and evaluation

Due to network dynamics, performance tuning is often indispensable in network management. In this paper, we propose MOE, a framework integrating network performance monitoring, optimization and evaluation. This is a trial towards the top-down and systematic management of network performance. We validate MOE based on a typical scenario in the real network environment. Results show that MOE can collect many kinds of network information, based on which it could conduct performance tuning automatically. In addition, MOE has the ability of evaluating the effect during and after performance tuning. Evaluation results are further analyzed and could fed back to provide positive advices to minimize the influence caused by network adjustments and maximize the performance profits.
EXAMINING THE VALIDITY OF THE LIFE HISTORY CALENDAR

OF THESIS EXAMINING THE VALIDITY OF THE LIFE HISTORY CALENDAR This study examined validity of the Life History Calendar by comparing retrospective and prospective reports of adolescent substance use. Agreement was calculated using kappa and phi coefficients for dichotomous variables, and Bivariate correlations for average substance use. Effects of potential personality, psychopathology, and demographic moderators on agreement were assessed through hierarchical regression analyses and curvilinear relations determined. Results reflected moderate agreement between retrospective and prospective reports of substance use, moderated by personality and psychopathology variables, particularly Agreeableness, symptoms of antisocial personality disorder, and symptoms of substance abuse. Agreement between retrospective and prospective reports was adequate for reports of alcohol and marijuana use for at least six years after initial reports of use. Agreement for cigarette reports was adequate a year after initial reporting.
Labelling Clusters in an Intrusion Detection System Using a Combination of Clustering Evaluation Techniques

A new clusters labelling strategy, which combines the computation of the Davies-Bouldin index of the clustering and the centroid diameters of the clusters is proposed for application in anomaly based intrusion detection systems (IDS). The aim of such a strategy is to detect compact clusters containing very similar vectors and these are highly likely to be attack vectors. Experimental results comparing the effectiveness of a multiple classifier IDS with such a labelling strategy and that of the classical cardinality labelling based IDS show that the proposed strategy behaves much better in a heavily attacked environment where massive attacks are present. The parameters of the labelling algorithm can be varied in order to adapt to the conditions in the monitored network.
The B7-1 Cytoplasmic Tail Enhances Intracellular Transport and Mammalian Cell Surface Display of Chimeric Proteins in the Absence of a Linear ER Export Motif

Membrane-tethered proteins (mammalian surface display) are increasingly being used for novel therapeutic and biotechnology applications. Maximizing surface expression of chimeric proteins on mammalian cells is important for these applications. We show that the cytoplasmic domain from the B7-1 antigen, a commonly used element for mammalian surface display, can enhance the intracellular transport and surface display of chimeric proteins in a Sar1 and Rab1 dependent fashion. However, mutational, alanine scanning and deletion analysis demonstrate the absence of linear ER export motifs in the B7 cytoplasmic domain. Rather, efficient intracellular transport correlated with the presence of predicted secondary structure in the cytoplasmic tail. Examination of the cytoplasmic domains of 984 human and 782 mouse type I transmembrane proteins revealed that many previously identified ER export motifs are rarely found in the cytoplasmic tail of type I transmembrane proteins. Our results suggest that efficient intracellular transport of B7 chimeric proteins is associated with the structure rather than to the presence of a linear ER export motif in the cytoplasmic tail, and indicate that short (less than ~ 10-20 amino acids) and unstructured cytoplasmic tails should be avoided to express high levels of chimeric proteins on mammalian cells.
VALIDATING THE DS 1 REMOTE AGENT EXPERIMENTP

This paper describes the validation of the Remote Agent Experiment. A primary goal of this experiment was to provide an on-board demonstration of spacecraft autonomy. This demonstration included both nominal operations with goal-oriented commanding and closed-loop plan execution, and fault protection capabilities with failure diagnosis and recovery , on-board replanning following unrecover-able failures, and system-level fault protection. Other equally important goals of the experiment were to decrease the risk of deploying Remote Agents on future missions and to familiarize the spacecraft engineering community with the Remote Agent approach. These goals were achieved by successfully integrating the Remote Agent with the Deep Space 1 ight software, developing a layered testing approach, and taking various steps to gain the conndence of the spacecraft team. In this paper we describe how we achieved our goals, and discuss the actual on-board demonstration in May, 1999, when the Remote Agent took control of Deep Space 1.
Appearance of PLP mRNA in Specific Regions of the Developing Rat Lumbosacral Spinal Cord as Revealed by in Situ Hybridization

The capacity of specific regions and fiber tracts of developing rat lumbosacral spinal cord to express proteolipid protein (PLP) mRNA was examined using in situ hybridization. PLP mRNA was undetectable at Day 18 postfertilization but present in the white matter by Postnatal Day 0 (P0). Initially, levels of PLP mRNA were higher in ventral than in dorsal funiculi. Hybridization signal was observed in the corticospinal tract by P10. Appearance of PLP message in gray matter lagged several days behind that in white matter. The expression of PLP mRNA in gray matter rose between P10 and P40 and the abundance of PLP transcript remained high in white matter during the same period. In the adult spinal cord some oligodendrocytes in the Lissauer tract and in the posterior commissure expressed low levels of PLP mRNA, which was undetectable in the substantia gelatinosa. Comparing the time of emergence of PLP mRNA to the histological appearance of myelination gave evidence that the message is expressed in oligodendrocytes that are not many days away from myelin formation. These results provide new information on the topographic distribution of PLP mRNA during myelination of the rat spinal cord.
Teaching about Teaching: Purpose, Passion and Pedagogy in Teacher Education

An introduction to purpose, passion and pedagogy, John Loughran. Part 1 Principles and practices which shape teaching about teaching: practising theory and theorizing practice in teacher education, Robert V. Bullough Jr. teaching teachers - how I teach VISBN the message, Tom Russell teacher education as a process of developing teacher knowledge, Jeff Northfield teaching about teaching - principles and practice, John Loughran. Part 2 Challenges in teaching and learning about teaching: teaching teachers for the challenge of change, Anna E. Richert learning to teach prospective teachers to teach mathematics - the struggles of a beginning teacher educator, Cynthia Nicol teaching and learning in teacher education - who is carrying the ball? , Peter Chin. Part 3 Rethinking teacher educators' roles and practice: learning about learning in the context of a science methods course, Gary Hoban teaching to teach with purpose and passion - pedagogy for reflective practice, Vicki Kubler LaBoskey advisor as coach, Anthony Clarke. Part 4 Conversations about teacher education: obligations to unseen children - the Arizona group, Karen Guilfoyle, Mary Lynn Hamilton and Stefinnee Pinnegar storming through teacher education - talk about summerfest, Allan MacKinnon, Michael Cummings and Kathryn Alexander. Conclusion: becoming passionate about teacher education, Tom Russell.
Superiority of Clopidogrel Versus Aspirin in Patients With Prior Cardiac Surgery

BackgroundAfter coronary artery bypass surgery, patients have a high cumulative rate of graft closure and recurrent ischemic events. We sought to determine whether antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel would be more effective than aspirin, the accepted standard, in these patients. Methods and ResultsThe event rates for all-cause mortality, vascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and rehospitalization were determined for the 1480 patients with a history of cardiac surgery randomized to either clopidogrel or aspirin in a trial of 19 185 patients. The event rate per year of vascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or rehospitalization was 22.3% in the 705 patients randomized to aspirin and 15.9% in the 775 patients randomized to clopidogrel (P =0.001). A risk reduction was also seen in each of the individual end points examined, including a 42.8% relative risk reduction in vascular death in patients on clopidogrel versus aspirin (P =0.030). In a multivariate model incorporating baseline clinical characteristics, clopidogrel therapy was independently associated with a decrease in vascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or rehospitalization in patients with a history of cardiac surgery, with a 31.2% relative risk reduction (95% CI, 15.8 to 43.8;P =0.0003). Although clopidogrel therapy was efficacious in the entire Clopidogrel Versus Aspirin in Patients at Risk of Ischemic Events (CAPRIE) population, multivariate analysis demonstrated that patients with previous cardiac surgery derived particular benefit (P =0.015). ConclusionCompared with aspirin, clopidogrel therapy results in a striking reduction in the elevated risk for recurrent ischemic events seen in patients with a history of prior cardiac surgery, along with a decreased risk of bleeding.
Musical Performance Practice on Sensor-based Instruments

Performance has traditionally been a principal outlet for musical expression – it is the moment when music is communicated from musician to listener. This tradition has been challenged and augmented in this century – recorded and broadcast media technologies have brought new modes of listening to music, while conceptual developments have given rise to extremes such as music not to be heard. Computer music makes up part of these developments in new methods of creation and reception of music. It is at its origin a studio based art, one that gave composers possibilities to create a music not possible with traditional performative means. Realizing music in the electronic and computer music studios freed the composer from traditional channels of composition-interpretation-performance, allowing him to focus in a new way on sonic materials. Advancements in computer processing speeds have brought with it the capabilities to realize this music in real time, in effect giving us the possibility to take it out of the studio and put it on stage. This has introduced the problematic of how to articulate computer generated music in a concert setting. Concurrently, developments in the fields of computer-human interface (CHI) and virtual reality (VR) have introduced tools to investigate new interaction modalities between user and computer (Laurel 1990). The intersection of these fields with computer music has resulted in the field of gestural computer music instrument design. The creation of gestural and sensor based musical instruments makes possible the articulation of computer generated sound live through performer intervention. While this may be a recent area of research, the musical issues of engaging performance are something that have been addressed before the arrival of the computer. So while from a technical standpoint research in this field may represent advances in musical and perceptual bases of gestural human-machine interaction, musically these efforts in computer music have precedence in instrumental music. It can be said that musically this brings us full circle, back to the concert as forum for the communication of music. If concert performance is the medium of communication then the instrument becomes the conduit between performer and listener. The listener’s perception of the music is contingent on the instrument’s efficiency at transmitting the performer’s musical expression, and the performer's ability to channel his creativity through his instrument. We must integrate what we know about human machine interaction with our musical sensibility. What follows is a personal reflection on a performance practice developed on sensor based instruments, drawn from several years of concert performance with the BioMuse (Tanaka 1993), ensemble work with Sensorband (Bongers 1998) in the creation of the Soundnet, and the application of instrumental thinking to an installation and network based project: Global String. Observations have been made from personal reflections during practice and development, discussion with other artists, audience reactions, and interaction with students.
Is the Montreal Cognitive Assessment a suitable replacement for Mini Mental Status Examination in the detection of clinical cognitive deterioration

ion is tested using one task twice; the subject is asked to state what similarity exists between two items presented to them using MoCA (the Wechsler similarities test). MMSE does not test cognitive function in this domain. Individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Huntington’s disease perform poorly in this test and individuals with fronto-temporal dementia exhibit more task errors than individuals with AD (Julayanont et al., 2013). Performance decline in this test is a predictor for conversion of individuals to AD (Julayanont et al., 2013). One study reported that the individuals studied scored lowest in abstraction domain (Pendlebury et al., 2012). Delayed Recall Domain The delayed recall domain is tested using one task in both MMSE and MoCA. However, MoCA requires the subject to recall five words which are given to the subject and repeated once only at the time of registration and this task is not scored; the subject is asked to recall the five words after a 5 minute interval and the delayed recall task is scored. In contrast using MMSE, the subject is given three words at registration and the words are repeated until the subject is able to verify the ability to recall them and registration is scored; they are asked to repeat the words back to the assessor following a five minute interval and delayed recall is scored. In evaluating task performance using MMSE and MoCA subjects were found to score poorly in delayed recall. Delayed recall of five items using MoCA was said to have a flooring effect; it was too hard and therefore a poor discriminator in more cognitively impaired individuals (Pendlebury et al., 2012). The study by Cameron et al (2013) found that 96% of patients scored poorly for this domain using MoCA in comparison to 75% who scored poorly in the same domain using MMSE. Additionally, MoCA provided an option to perform cued memory recall once the delayed recall task was completed and scored. It was suggested this may result in collecting more information regarding group differences (Pendlebury et al., 2012).
Calorespirometry reveals that goldfish prioritize aerobic metabolism over metabolic rate depression in all but near-anoxic environments

ABSTRACT Metabolic rate depression (MRD) has long been proposed as the key metabolic strategy of hypoxic survival, but surprisingly, the effects of changes in hypoxic O2 tensions (PwO2) on MRD are largely unexplored. We simultaneously measured the O2 consumption rate (ṀO2) and metabolic heat of goldfish using calorespirometry to test the hypothesis that MRD is employed at hypoxic PwO2 values and initiated just below Pcrit, the PwO2 below which ṀO2 is forced to progressively decline as the fish oxyconforms to decreasing PwO2. Specifically, we used closed-chamber and flow-through calorespirometry together with terminal sampling experiments to examine the effects of PwO2 and time on ṀO2, metabolic heat and anaerobic metabolism (lactate and ethanol production). The closed-chamber and flow-through experiments yielded slightly different results. Under closed-chamber conditions with a continually decreasing PwO2, goldfish showed a Pcrit of 3.0±0.3 kPa and metabolic heat production was only depressed at PwO2 between 0 and 0.67 kPa. Under flow-through conditions with PwO2 held at a variety of oxygen tensions for 1 and 4 h, goldfish also initiated MRD between 0 and 0.67 kPa but maintained ṀO2 to 0.67 kPa, indicating that Pcrit is at or below this PwO2. Anaerobic metabolism was strongly activated at PwO2 ≤1.3 kPa, but only used within the first hour at 1.3 and 0.67 kPa, as anaerobic end-products did not accumulate between 1 and 4 h exposure. Taken together, it appears that goldfish reserve MRD for near-anoxia, supporting routine metabolic rate at sub-Pcrit PwO2 values with the help of anaerobic glycolysis in the closed-chamber experiments, and aerobically after an initial (<1 h) activation of anaerobic metabolism in the flow-through experiments, even at 0.67 kPa PwO2. Summary: Although the goldfish's anoxia tolerance results from conserved energy via metabolic depression, its hypoxia tolerance results from exceptional O2 extraction abilities capable of supporting routine metabolic rate even in severe hypoxia.
Managing the Ecology of Interaction

Real work is complex and rich, involving other people, physical artefacts and constant re-planning of tasks to accommodate the contingencies of the situation. This rich ecology of work is often seen as opposed to more structured and formal methods of task analysis and interface design. This paper discusses a range of phenomena related to ecological settings and show how they can be incorporated within formal models. It also discusses several paradigms of interaction that take this into account including the socio-organisational Church–Turing hypothesis and incidental interaction. In conclusion, models can be both rich and also open to unintended uses.
Traditional vs. Sport-Specific Vertical Jump Tests: Reliability, Validity, and Relationship With the Legs Strength and Sprint Performance in Adult and Teen Soccer and Basketball Players

Abstract Rodríguez-Rosell, D, Mora-Custodio, R, Franco-Márquez, F, Yáñez-García, JM, González-Badillo, JJ. Traditional vs. sport-specific vertical jump tests: reliability, validity, and relationship with the legs strength and sprint performance in adult and teen soccer and basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 31(1): 196–206, 2017—The vertical jump is considered an essential motor skill in many team sports. Many protocols have been used to assess vertical jump ability. However, controversy regarding test selection still exists based on the reliability and specificity of the tests. The main aim of this study was to analyze the reliability and validity of 2 standardized (countermovement jump [CMJ] and Abalakov jump [AJ]) and 2 sport-specific (run-up with 2 [2-LEGS] or 1 leg [1-LEG] take-off jump) vertical jump tests, and their usefulness as predictors of sprint and strength performance for soccer (n = 127) and basketball (n = 59) players in 3 different categories (Under-15, Under-18, and Adults). Three attempts for each of the 4 jump tests were recorded. Twenty-meter sprint time and estimated 1 repetition maximum in full squat were also evaluated. All jump tests showed high intraclass correlation coefficients (0.969–0.995) and low coefficients of variation (1.54–4.82%), although 1-LEG was the jump test with the lowest absolute and relative reliability. All selected jump tests were significantly correlated (r = 0.580–0.983). Factor analysis resulted in the extraction of one principal component, which explained 82.90–95.79% of the variance of all jump tests. The 1-LEG test showed the lowest associations with sprint and strength performance. The results of this study suggest that CMJ and AJ are the most reliable tests for the estimation of explosive force in soccer and basketball players in different age categories.
A Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Protein Kinase D Blocks Pancreatic Cancer Growth In vitro and In vivo

Protein kinase D (PKD) family members are increasingly implicated in multiple normal and abnormal biological functions, including signaling pathways that promote mitogenesis in pancreatic cancer. However, nothing is known about the effects of targeting PKD in pancreatic cancer. Our PKD inhibitor discovery program identified CRT0066101 as a specific inhibitor of all PKD isoforms. The aim of our study was to determine the effects of CRT0066101 in pancreatic cancer. Initially, we showed that autophosphorylated PKD1 and PKD2 (activated PKD1/2) are significantly upregulated in pancreatic cancer and that PKD1/2 are expressed in multiple pancreatic cancer cell lines. Using Panc-1 as a model system, we showed that CRT0066101 reduced bromodeoxyuridine incorporation; increased apoptosis; blocked neurotensin-induced PKD1/2 activation; reduced neurotensin-induced, PKD-mediated Hsp27 phosphorylation; attenuated PKD1-mediated NF-κB activation; and abrogated the expression of NF-κB-dependent proliferative and prosurvival proteins. We showed that CRT0066101 given orally (80 mg/kg/d) for 24 days significantly abrogated pancreatic cancer growth in Panc-1 subcutaneous xenograft model. Activated PKD1/2 expression in the treated tumor explants was significantly inhibited with peak tumor concentration (12 μmol/L) of CRT0066101 achieved within 2 hours after oral administration. Further, we showed that CRT0066101 given orally (80 mg/kg/d) for 21 days in Panc-1 orthotopic model potently blocked tumor growth in vivo. CRT0066101 significantly reduced Ki-67–positive proliferation index (P < 0.01), increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick end labeling–positive apoptotic cells (P < 0.05), and abrogated the expression of NF-κB–dependent proteins including cyclin D1, survivin, and cIAP-1. Our results show for the first time that a PKD-specific small-molecule inhibitor CRT0066101 blocks pancreatic cancer growth in vivo and show that PKD is a novel therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(5); 1136–46. ©2010 AACR.