Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An apoptosis-inhibiting gene from a nuclear polyhedrosis virus encoding a polypeptide with Cys/His sequence motifs

Two different baculovirus genes are known to be able to block apoptosis triggered upon infection of Spodoptera frugiperda cells with p35 mutants of the insect baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV):p35 (P35-encoding gene) of AcMNPV (R. J. Clem, M. Fechheimer, and L. K. Miller, Science 254:1388-1390, 1991) and iap (inhibitor of apoptosis gene) of Cydia pomonella granulosis virus (CpGV) (N. E. Crook, R. J. Clem, and L. K. Miller, J. Virol. 67:2168-2174, 1993). Using a genetic complementation assay to identify additional genes which inhibit apoptosis during infection with a p35 mutant, we have isolated a gene from Orgyia pseudotsugata NPV (OpMNPV) that was able to functionally substitute for AcMNPV p35. The nucleotide sequence of this gene, Op-iap, predicted a 30-kDa polypeptide product with approximately 58% amino acid sequence identity to the product of CpGV iap, Cp-IAP. Like Cp-IAP, the predicted product of Op-iap has a carboxy-terminal C3HC4 zinc finger-like motif. In addition, a pair of additional cysteine/histidine motifs were found in the N-terminal regions of both polypeptide sequences. Recombinant p35 mutant viruses carrying either Op-iap or Cp-iap appeared to have a normal phenotype in S. frugiperda cells. Thus, Cp-IAP and Op-IAP appear to be functionally analogous to P35 but are likely to block apoptosis by a different mechanism which may involve direct interaction with DNA.
gScan: Accelerating Graham Scan on the GPU

This paper presents a fast implementation of the Graham scan on the GPU. The proposed algorithm is composed of two stages: (1) two rounds of preprocessing performed on the GPU and (2) the finalization of finding the convex hull on the CPU. We first discard the interior points that locate inside a quadrilateral formed by four extreme points, sort the remaining points according to the angles, and then divide them into the left and the right regions. For each region, we perform a second round of filtering using the proposed preprocessing approach to discard the interior points in further. We finally obtain the expected convex hull by calculating the convex hull of the remaining points on the CPU. We directly employ the parallel sorting, reduction, and partitioning provided by the library Thrust for better efficiency and simplicity. Experimental results show that our implementation achieves 6x ~ 7x speedups over the Qhull implementation for 20M points.
Beneficial effects of antioxidant‐enriched diet for tyrosine hydroxylase‐positive neurons in ventral mesencephalic tissue in oculo grafts

Supplementation of antioxidants to the diet has been proved to be beneficial in aging and after brain injury. Furthermore, it has been postulated that the locus coeruleus promotes survival of dopamine neurons. Thus, this study was performed to elucidate the effects of a blueberry‐enriched diet on fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue in the presence or absence of locus coeruleus utilizing the in oculo grafting method. Sprague‐Dawley rats were given control diet or diet supplemented with 2% blueberries, and solid tissue pieces of fetal locus coeruleus and ventral mesencephalon were implanted as single and co‐grafts. The results revealed that the presence of locus coeruleus tissue or the addition of blueberries enhanced the survival of ventral mesencephalic tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive neurons, whereas no additive effects were observed for the two treatments. The density of TH‐positive nerve fibers in ventral mesencephalic tissue was significantly elevated when it was attached to the locus coeruleus or by blueberry treatment, whereas the innervation of dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase‐positive nerve fibers was not altered. The presence of locus coeruleus tissue or bluberry supplementation reduced the number of Iba‐1‐positive microglia in the ventral mesencephalic portion of single and co‐grafts, respectively, whereas almost no OX6 immunoreactivity was found. Furthermore, neither the attachment of ventral mesencephalic tissue nor the addition of blueberries improved the survival of TH‐positive neurons in the locus coerulean grafts. To conclude, locus coeruleus and blueberries are beneficial for the survival of fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue, findings that could be useful when grafting tissue in Parkinson's disease. J. Comp. Neurol. 515:72–82, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On the Presentation of Statistical Tests of Place: The Importance of Editorial Consistency

Hurlbert (1984) presented strong arguments against the use of replicates that are not independent in relation to the question (pseudoreplicates) in statistical tests. However, often it is not feasible to obtain valid replication in relation to the question of interest, and tests are made of other hypotheses that allow less secure inferences about the phenomenon. As questions of practical significance often involve scales of space or time that make replication difficult, both approaches have a place in physiological studies. However, it is important that editors require that authors clearly distinguish between the two sorts of tests in the title, abstract, results, and discussion as well as in the methods. In this comment, I will first discuss the problem of pseudoreplication in relation to “Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Reproductive Success of American Kestrels”—an article recently published in Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (see Fernie et al. 2000). I chose this article because of the importance of the subject and because such a study could be used as evidence in litigation. However, the general principles apply to any articles that use inferential statistics. My criticism is more of editorial policy (or the lack of editorial policy) than of particular interpretations. The reviewers of this comment suggested that I show that poor reporting of conclusions is common in Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. Therefore, after discussing the article by Fernie et al. (2000), I will give a brief review of the articles in the last issue of Physiological and Biochemical Zoology available to me (73[3]). Fernie et al. (2000) exposed breeding American kestrels (Falco sparverius) in one room to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and compared reproductive characteristics of those birds to a group in another room that was not exposed to EMF. In this
Mentors as Social Capital: Gender, Mentors, and Career Rewards in Law Practice

benefits to individuals and organizations. This article advances past work by examining the effects of individuals’ primary and multiple developmental relationships in a longitudinal study of the careers of lawyers. We develop a social capital perspective on mentorship emphasizing reciprocity of exchange, resource mobilization, and normative expectations embedded within mentoring relationships. We empirically assess mentoring benefits across a diverse range of career rewards. The results provide evidence that male lawyers gain more from their mentor-derived social capital than female lawyers. Specifically, male lawyers with mentors of senior status benefit with elevated earnings, greater perceived fairness in their workplace, and greater work satisfaction. Women with multiple mentors, however, report enhanced work satisfaction. Implications for research on mentoring, social capital, and professional careers are discussed.
Long-term effect of September 11 on the political behavior of victims’ families and neighbors

Significance This study sheds light on how 9/11 catalyzed long-term changes in the political behaviors of victims’ families and neighbors. Political changes among associates of victims are important because system shocks like 9/11 can lead to rapid policy shifts, and relatives of victims often become leaders advocating for such shifts. I build upon prior research on the behavioral effects of tragic events by using a unique method of analysis. Rather than utilizing surveys, I link together individual-level government databases from before and after 9/11, and I measure the changes in the affected populations relative to similar populations that did not lose a relative or neighbor. The method I outline may prove useful in future studies of human behavior. This article investigates the long-term effect of September 11, 2001 on the political behaviors of victims’ families and neighbors. Relative to comparable individuals, family members and residential neighbors of victims have become—and have stayed—significantly more active in politics in the last 12 years, and they have become more Republican on account of the terrorist attacks. The method used to demonstrate these findings leverages the random nature of the terrorist attack to estimate a causal effect and exploits new techniques to link multiple, individual-level, governmental databases to measure behavioral change without relying on surveys or aggregate analysis.
Functional categories related to verb inflection are not differentially impaired in Greek aphasia

abstract Previous research in Greek aphasia has indicated that functional categories related to verb inflection are differentially impacted, with Aspect most severely affected, Agreement least affected, and Tense occupying an intermediate position. However, research materials were not controlled for overall length or position of the verb within the sentence, confounding functional category with processing load. Using balanced materials, here we tested ten persons with aphasia and ten matched control participants on grammaticality judgment and sentence completion in three functional categories (agreement, tense, and aspect) using ten verbs spanning a range of familiarity. Production results indicated no difference in errors of either lexeme or inflectional morpheme selection. In grammaticality judgment acceptance of incorrect sentences was lower for Agreement but this pattern was mirrored in the control group as well. The results provide no basis to support a specific linguistic deficit in the representation of functional categories in Greek persons with aphasia.
Social Capital, Gentrification and Neighbourhood Change in London: A Comparison of Three South London Neighbourhoods

Social capital has been used extensively in recent years to examine issues of social exclusion. Following Bourdieu, the concept is reintegrated into social theory alongside cultural and economic capital to examine the variations in the upgrading of gentrified areas of inner London. Three neighbourhoods in south London are compared and it is argued that their differences can, to a limited extent, be understood in terms of the differential deployment of cultural, social and economic capital by their middle-class residents. These neighbourhoods have acquired distinctive characters as a result and it is argued that the gentrification process in inner London is leading to heterogeneous middle-class neighbourhoods which contrasts with the perceived homogeneity of the traditional suburban area.
Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases Hiv-associated Venous Thromboembolism

which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract: HIV infection has been recognized as a prothrombotic now been proven by a large number of studies with a reported VTE frequency among HIV patients ranging from 0.19% to 7,63 %/year. HIV infection is associated with a two to tenfold increased risk of venous thrombosis in comparison with a general population of the same age. Some risk factors demonstrated a strongest association with VTE such as, low CD4 in the presence of clinical AIDS, protein S deficiency, and protein C deficiency. Whereas o factors are still controversial like protease inhibitor therapy, presence of active opportunistic infections and presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, including anticardiolipin antibodies and lupus anticoagulant. Physicians caring for HIV posi treat not only the well-known opportunistic infections and malignancies associated with this chronic disease, but also be alert to the less well Pulmonary embolism should be included in the differential diagnosis when patients with HIV/AIDS have unexplained dyspnea or hypoxemia. In younger individuals with VTE, especially men, without other identifiable risk factors for VTE, HIV should be considered. Because interactions b warfarin and antiretrovirals is possible, health care providers should also be alert to the potential of dangerously high or low INRs when they are giving anticoagulants to patients with HIV infection who are undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection results from one of two similar retroviruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2) that destroy CD4+ lymphocytes and impair cell-mediated immunity, affecting multiple organ systems. HIV manifestation ranges from asymptomatic carriage to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is defined by serious opportunistic infections or cancers. In 2009,
Urban Climate Adaptation in the Global South

Cities throughout the world face the challenge of preparing for climate change impacts. Since urban climate adaptation is an emerging policy domain, however, few institutions exist to guide cities among the first to take action. Drawing on institutional theory and case study research, this article examines the initiation and development of adaptation planning in two cities in the global south: Durban and Quito. The cases suggest that action in nascent policy domains is motivated by endogenous factors and sustained by taking advantage of opportunities rising and creatively linking new agendas to existing goals, plans, and programs.
Reflections on the NCSL from a Historical Perspective

This article reviews three historical phases of leadership development in England and Wales, together with parallel changes in in-service training and the broader professional infrastructure, in order to show how the idea of a national college developed and became viable. It argues that, as a policy innovation, the NCSL has built on earlier practice but also has several innovative features, including networked learning communities and its use of IT. It suggests that the transformational perspective should be interpreted in the framework of situational or pluralist theories of leadership. Finally, it considers some strategic issues affecting the college’s longer-term sustainability.
New Insights into Intrinsic Point Defects in V2VI3 Thermoelectric Materials

Defects and defect engineering are at the core of many regimes of material research, including the field of thermoelectric study. The 60‐year history of V2VI3 thermoelectric materials is a prime example of how a class of semiconductor material, considered mature several times, can be rejuvenated by better understanding and manipulation of defects. This review aims to provide a systematic account of the underexplored intrinsic point defects in V2VI3 compounds, with regard to (i) their formation and control, and (ii) their interplay with other types of defects towards higher thermoelectric performance. We herein present a convincing case that intrinsic point defects can be actively controlled by extrinsic doping and also via compositional, mechanical, and thermal control at various stages of material synthesis. An up‐to‐date understanding of intrinsic point defects in V2VI3 compounds is summarized in a (χ, r)‐model and applied to elucidating the donor‐like effect. These new insights not only enable more innovative defect engineering in other thermoelectric materials but also, in a broad context, contribute to rational defect design in advanced functional materials at large.
Design issues of mobile haptic interfaces

As a novel approach to force-reflecting telepresence, the concept of mobile haptic interfaces (MHI) is presented. An MHI actively follows the locomotion of an operator, who is no longer bound to be stationary during teleoperation. Thus, operator locomotion can be used as an input for locomotion control of a real teleoperator or control of locomotion in a virtual environment while keeping the advantage of force-reflection. The article focuses on basic design issues and presents a prototype MHI for haptic exploration of extended virtual environments. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Liquidity in the Secondaries Private Equity Market

We provide evidence on the determinants of liquidity of private equity (PE) fund interests sold in the secondaries PE market and assess the impact of liquidity on pricing. PE fund liquidity is captured by the number of bids, variation in bids, and excess demand for a fund interest, all measured using auction data provided by a large advisory firm. We document that a PE fund interest is more liquid if the fund is larger, has a buyout-focused strategy, less undrawn capital, has made fewer distributions and is managed by a manager whose funds were previously sold in the secondaries market. PE funds' liquidity improves if more non-traditional buyers, as opposed to dedicated secondary funds, provide bids and the overall market conditions are favourable. Finally, we document that our liquidity proxies are significantly and positively associated with the final bids at which the PE fund interests are sold, relative to the average market bids. Overall, our results indicate that important PE fund characteristics affect their marketability and that liquidity is priced in the winning secondaries PE market bids. * We acknowledge helpful comments from Yakov Amihud, Briac Houtteville, Nadira Huda, Brenlen Jinkens, Matthew Rhodes-Kropf (discussant), Michael Wright, participants of the 2011 Private Equity Findings Symposium at London Business School, SuperInvestor 2011 Paris Summit, South Africa Venture Capital and Private Equity Association Annual Meetings and The Alternative Investments Research Conference at London School of Economics. We thank Cogent Partners for graciously sharing their anonymised secondaries private equity transactions data with us. Florin Vasvari acknowledges the financial support from the London Business School RAMD Fund and Anya Kleymenova acknowledges the support of the Economic & Social Research Council. ** All co-authors are from London Business School, Regents Park, London, NW1 4SA, United Kingdom. Email addresses: akleymenova.phd2009@london.edu, etalmor@london.edu, fvasvari@london.edu.
Heart Failure Epidemic: It’s Complicated…

Article, see p 12 > “In examining disease, we gain wisdom about anatomy and physiology and biology. In examining the person with disease, we gain wisdom about life. ” > > —Oliver W. Sacks, The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat Twenty years ago, the onset of a new epidemic of heart failure (HF) was heralded.1 Although an in-depth review of 2 decades of work on the HF epidemic cannot be conducted herein, several points are important to contextualize this editorial. HF is a syndrome2 classified according to the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) into reduced or preserved EF. As a chronic condition with frequent exacerbations, HF is the most frequent cause of hospitalizations in the United States.3 To investigate this epidemic, one must accurately ascertain the incidence of HF and whether each episode is truly an incident (the first one to occur) or a recurrence. Doing so requires comprehensive longitudinal data, which are seldom available, and few studies can provide that information. Available data indicated that, until the turn of the century, the incidence of HF was mostly stable while survival was improving, leading to conclude that the HF epidemic was partly an epidemic of hospitalizations as survivors became candidates for recurrent hospitalizations.4,5 Over the past decade, evidence indicates that the incidence of HF is declining, particularly for HF with reduced EF, with no change in mortality.6 The proportion of HF with preserved EF has been increasing. This phenotype is incompletely understood, likely heterogeneous, and lacks specific treatment, which stalls progress against the epidemic. These observations underscore the importance of surveillance to understand how HF manifests itself according to person, time, and place, and precise surveillance is a prerequisite to plan and monitor interventions and design policies. Because most of the currently available surveillance …
Experimenting on Contextualism

In this article we refine the design of context shifting experiments, which play a central role in contextualist debates, and we subject a large number of scenarios involving different types of expressions of interest to contextualists, including ‘know’ and color adjectives like ‘green’, to experimental investigation. Our experiment (i) reveals an effect of changing contexts on the evaluation of uses of the sentences that we examine, thereby overturning the absence of results reported in previous experimental studies (so-called null results), (ii) uncovers evidence for a ‘truth bias' in favor of positive over negative sentences, and (iii) reveals previously unnoticed distinctions between the strength of the contextual effects displayed by scenarios involving knowledge ascriptions and scenarios concerning color and other miscellaneous scenarios.
Microsoft Windows Azure cloud application development and security concepts

KEMI-TORNIO UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES Degree programme: Business Information Technology Writer: Cristian-Stefan Marin Thesis title: Microsoft Windows Azure cloud application development and security concepts Pages (of which appendices): 82 (5) Date: Thesis instructor: Roger Niska This thesis focuses on the area of cloud computing, an important and relevant research area in computer science. Considering the rapid evolution of cloud computing and the wide variety of cloud service providers, software developers need to stay updated on technology advancements. The focus of the thesis is on developing cloud applications. In particular, this thesis analyzes the Microsoft Windows Azure (MWA) platform and the current services it provides. The research aims to emphasize the capabilities of the services provided by the MWA platform, whilst considering the business implications of developing cloud applications. Moreover, the research analyzes various security aspects and features implemented in the MWA platform. Finally, an application is built using open source templates and deployed into the MWA environment, illustrating the development process in MWA. Exploratory research is the core research method employed in conducting this research. In an attempt to answer the proposed research questions and to achieve the research objectives, the data collected during the research process was primarily obtained from scientific sources such as printed or electronic literature published by established authors. Additionally, descriptive research is employed as secondary research methodology. The research is of theoretical nature, although it includes practical aspects regarding the use of the MWA platform and tools associated with it. The main output of this thesis is to provide updated information about the MWA platform, considering that most previous research is deemed outdated or incomplete due to major improvements implemented during the year of 2012. Furthermore, recommended practices for increasing the security of MWA applications are provided. The sample application built and deployed during the research process represents a secondary output of this thesis. Further research on developing cloud applications can be conducted, as the MWA platform continues to be subject to modifications.