Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Epidemiology of Pathogenic Leptospira spp. Infecting Dogs in Latin America

Simple Summary Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonosis caused by a bacterium of the genus Leptospira. Dogs are highly susceptible to infection, which can range from chronic and asymptomatic to acute and severe disease. Although serosurveys of canine leptospirosis in Latin America are widely published, the gathering of molecular data of strains identified from dogs has not yet been performed. Based on Leptospira spp. DNA sequences collected on digital platforms, we aimed to genetically analyze the strains circulating in Latin America in order to provide an unprecedented overview of the molecular epidemiology of pathogenic leptospires infecting dogs in the region. We found a very high genetic similarity between strains apart serogroup, clinical signs, or geographical localization. The strains were similar to the one that most circulates in humans. In addition to the importance from a zoonotic point of view, this high genetic similarity between strains can, in theory, facilitate the development of an effective broad-spectrum vaccine across the continent, as well as enable the standardization of rapid diagnostic tests. Abstract Canine leptospirosis is a bacterial disease caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Infections can vary from asymptomatic and chronic infections to clinical acute diseases. The disease is endemic in tropical areas, such as Latin American countries, but a broad understanding of the dynamics of circulation of strains, based on molecular data, has not yet been performed. Based on in silico analyses, the present study aims to analyze the genetic diversity and circulation patterns of haplotypes from pathogenic leptospires infecting dogs in Latin America. DNA sequences were obtained from GenBank platform, curated, and aligned. Genetic distances were calculated, and a maximum likelihood tree and haplotype network were constructed. According to the inclusion criteria adopted, a total of 148 sequences were identified. Most of the records were from Brazil, including sequences from L. interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae. Phylogenetic analysis showed a genetically closely related cluster, consisting of a larger haplogroup that includes the reference strain Fiocruz L1-130, known to be the major circulating strain in humans. Moreover, no genetic variations were observed according to clinical history and/or geographical localization. We described the molecular epidemiology of leptospires circulating among dogs in Latin America and demonstrated a very genetically homogeneous group, elucidating its ubiquitous circulation pattern and drawing attention to the important role of dogs in the One Health transmission dynamics of leptospirosis.
Fault detection and isolation based on fuzzy‐integral fusion approach

In this study, the bearing, as well as the electric faults of an induction motor, are diagnosed using the fuzzy-integral data-fusion method in feature level with high reliability. Time domain of various features is computed using the induction motor three-phase current and voltage measurements. Appropriate features are extracted by means of the proposed method and then classified by the fuzzy C -means algorithm. The fuzzy membership functions show the relation between a feature set and a fault to establish the mappings between the features and the given faults. Finally, different features are fused using the fuzzy-integral method to produce diagnostic results. The technique is validated experimentally on an induction motor coupled with a centrifugal pump. The capability of the proposed technique is also evaluated in the presence of disturbances and simultaneous occurrence of different faults. The results indicate an increase in the reliability in fault detection and isolation.
Displacement analytical prediction of shallow tunnel based on unified displacement function under slope boundary

For slope condition of ground surface, the asymmetrical deformation about the vertical center line and the horizontal center line of the tunnel cross section can be formed. A unified displacement function expressed by the Fourier series is presented to express the asymmetrical deformation of the tunnel cross section. Five basic deformation modes corresponding to the expansion order 2 are a complete deformation mode to reflect deformation behaviors of the tunnel cross section under slope boundary. Such this complete displacement mode is implemented into the complex variable solution for analytically predicting tunneling‐induced ground deformation under slope boundary. All of these analytical solutions are verified by good agreements of the comparison between the analytical solutions and finite element method results. A parameter study is carried out to investigate the influence of deformation modes of the tunnel cross section, geometrical conditions of the tunnel and the slope angle, and “Buoyancy effect” on the displacement field. Finally, the proposed method is consistent with measured data of the Hejie tunnel in China qualitatively. The presented solution can provide a simplified indication for evaluating the ground deformation under slope condition of ground surface.
Identification of time-correlated neutrino clusters in populations of astrophysical transient sources

The detection of astrophysical neutrinos from transient sources can help to understand the origin of the neutrino diffuse flux and to constrain the underlying production mechanisms. In particular, proton-neutron collisions may produce GeV neutrinos. However, at these energies, neutrino data from large water Cherenkov telescopes, like KM3NeT and IceCube, are dominated by the well-known atmospheric neutrino flux. It is then necessary to identify a sub-dominant component due to an astrophysical emission based on time correlation across messengers. The contribution covers several methods to search for such a signal in short time windows centered on observed transient sources, including a novel approach based on the distribution of time differences. Their performance is compared in the context of subpopulations of astrophysical sources that may show prompt or delayed neutrino emissions. The outlook for the usage of such techniques in actual analyses is also presented.
IL-18 Signaling in the Rat Central Amygdala Is Disrupted in a Comorbid Model of Post-Traumatic Stress and Alcohol Use Disorder

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and anxiety disorders are frequently comorbid and share dysregulated neuroimmune-related pathways. Here, we used our established rat model of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)/AUD to characterize the interleukin 18 (IL-18) system in the central amygdala (CeA). Male and female rats underwent novel (NOV) and familiar (FAM) shock stress, or no stress (unstressed controls; CTL) followed by voluntary alcohol drinking and PTSD-related behaviors, then all received renewed alcohol access prior to the experiments. In situ hybridization revealed that the number of CeA positive cells for Il18 mRNA increased, while for Il18bp decreased in both male and female FAM stressed rats versus CTL. No changes were observed in Il18r1 expression across groups. Ex vivo electrophysiology showed that IL-18 reduced GABAA-mediated miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) frequencies in CTL, suggesting reduced CeA GABA release, regardless of sex. Notably, this presynaptic effect of IL-18 was lost in both NOV and FAM males, while it persisted in NOV and FAM females. IL-18 decreased mIPSC amplitude in CTL female rats, suggesting postsynaptic effects. Overall, our results suggest that stress in rats with alcohol access impacts CeA IL-18-system expression and, in sex-related fashion, IL-18′s modulatory function at GABA synapses.
An Autonomous Navigation Strategy Based on Improved Hector SLAM With Dynamic Weighted A* Algorithm

Aiming at improving the mapping accuracy and autonomous navigation efficiency of rescue robot in unknown environment, an improved Hector SLAM based autonomous navigation strategy is proposed, which is implemented on the Levenberg-Marquardt optimization and Bezier smooth dynamic weighted <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{A}^{\ast} $ </tex-math></inline-formula> algorithm. Firstly, the scan match process of Hector SLAM is performed by an improved Levenberg-Marquart (LM) method to solve the problems of non-convergence of functions and inaccurate local approximation caused by the non-singularity for solving the Hessian matrix. Secondly, the Bezier smooth dynamic weighted <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{A}^{\ast} $ </tex-math></inline-formula> algorithm is utilized to perform autonomous navigation based on the SLAM map. In which, the navigation target points selection is employed by the frontier exploration strategy in order to solve the search efficiency as for the increasing number of nodes in the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{A}^{\ast} $ </tex-math></inline-formula> algorithm, and the accuracy of SLAM mapping declines owing to the large angle amplitude. Finally, the experiments are carried out in ROS, the results show that there is a better performance for proposed method to implement the high mapping accuracy and efficient autonomous navigation.
Effects of Moisture on the Dynamic and Impact Properties of Pultruded Glass-Epoxy Composite Beams

The pultrusion manufacturing process offers an increased market potential for the cost-effective production of high modulus and light-weight composite structural elements such as beams, trusses and stiffeners. These members must be qualified for performing over a wide range of in-situ conditions which include both static and dynamic loading under harsh environmental conditions. The interaction of these variables is expected to alter their dynamic and mechanical properties. To utilize the full potential of pultruded composites in structural applications, their response to environmental degradation must be thoroughly evaluated. In previous research, the effects of temperature, frequency, post-curing, along with the type and placement of fibers on the dynamic flexural properties of glass/epoxy and hybrid glass-graphite/epoxy pultruded composites were characterized. The sensitivity of damping and the glass transition temperature (Tg) to various levels of induced porosity and debonding agents was also investigated. This paper presents the effects of moisture on the dynamic and impact properties of pultruded E-glass/epoxy (EPON 9500, a low Tg resin) composites with varying volume fractions. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) technique was employed to investigate the degrading effects of moisture on the loss factor and Tg. Low-velocity impact tests were conducted on a similar set of specimens. An attempt has been made to correlate the impact characteristics in terms of crack initiation and propagation energies with the Tg and damping. Results indicate a lowering of the glass transition temperature with increasing moisture content along with an increase in the loss factor; which could be attributed to factors such as plasticization of the polymeric matrix, microcracks and debonding. This was accompanied by a reduction in the peak load to failure, initiation and propagation energies during impact. A reduction in the width of the glass-transition region was observed with an increase in moisture content, which is expected to have a detrimental effect on the long-term application of these pultruded composites.
Winter remote sensing images are more suitable for forest mapping in Jiangxi Province

ABSTRACT Jiangxi Province boasts the second-highest forest coverage in China. Its forests play a crucial role in providing essential ecosystem services and maintaining the ecological health of the region. High-resolution and high-precision forest mapping are significant in the timely and accurate monitoring of dynamic forest changes to support sustainable forest management. This study used Sentinel-2 images from four seasons in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform to map forest distribution. Moreover, the classification results were compared and analyzed using different classification algorithms and feature-variable combinations. Based on the overall accuracy, the optimal image seasonality, feature combinations and classification algorithms were selected, and the forest maps of Jiangxi Province were mapped from 2019 to 2021. The accuracy evaluation showed that the winter image classification results had the highest accuracy (above 0.88). The red edge bands carried by Sentinel-2 could effectively improve the classification accuracy. The Random Forest classifier is the optimal classification algorithm for forest mapping in Jiangxi Province. The forest mapping obtained can be used for ecological health assessment and ecosystem function. The study provides a scientific basis for accurate and timely extraction of forest cover and can serve as a valuable resource for forest management planning and future research.
Group {1,−1, i, −i} Cordial Labeling of Certain Splitting Graphs

Let G be a (p,q) graph and A be a group. Let f : V (G) → A be a function. The order of a ∈ A is the least positive integer n such that a n = e. We denote the order of a by o(a). For each edge uv assign the label 1 if (o(f(u )), o(f(v))) = 1or 0 otherwise. f is called a group A Cordial labeling if |v f (a)−vf (b)| ≤ 1 and |ef (0)−ef (1)| ≤ 1, where vf (x) and ef (n) respectively denote the number of vertices labe led with an element x and number of edges labeled with n(n = 0, 1). A graph which admit s a group A Cordial labeling is called a group A Cordial graph. The Splitting graph of G, S′(G) is obtained from G by adding for each vertex v of G, a new vertex v ′ so that v′ is adjacent to every vertex that is adjacent to v. Note that if G is a (p, q) graph the n S′(G) is a (2p, 3q) graph. In this paper we prove that Splitting graphs of Star S ‘ (K 1,n), Fan S′(Fn), Comb S′(PnΘK1), Ladder S′(Ln), Friendship graph S ′(Cn (3) ), Umbrella graph S ′(Un,n) and Book S′(Bn) are group {1,−1, i,−i} Cordial for every n.
The Patterns of Influence: LIWC Analysis of Leading News Portals' Impact and Communication Accommodation Theory on Twitter

A quantitative analysis was conducted on the tweets of 20 leading Serbian mass media outlets and their followers during the three months from January 1 to March 30, 2021. The analysis, that encompassed more than 1 million tweets, was conducted using (a) Twitter API, (b) the Serbian version of LIWC linguistic dictionary, and (c) additional statistical analyses. Analyses revealed that words related to affective processes (negative emotions), social processes (family and friends), perceptual processes (feel and hear), and personal concerns (work and religion) expressed in tweets of mass media were predictors of the same words in not necessarily related tweets of their followers. The research has shown that spread of psychological and linguistic patterns by media and social networking sites is not limited to negative emotions solely. This research highlights the significance of recommender systems, as they help to determine the content that social media users encounter on a personal level. The findings also indicate how we can address emerging and pressing issues that affect individuals' well-being and democratic capacity, such as echo chambers and polarization. The obtained findings are in line with the communication accommodation theory, emotional contagion theory and negativity bias. Limitations of the present research, future directions, and implications are discussed.
Unravelling the relative roles of physical processes in modelling the life cycle of a warm radiation fog

This study evaluates the representation of the life cycle of a radiation fog case‐study observed at the Cabauw 213 m tower (Netherlands) facility by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) single‐column model, and aims to advance the understanding of the model behaviour, which will assist in setting research priorities for the future. First an ensemble of 16 WRF configurations that vary in parametrization schemes for the planetary boundary layer, land surface, long‐wave radiation, and microphysics are evaluated. Next, we perform a sensitivity study to examine which physical process is most crucial in modelling the fog, i.e. soil heat diffusivity, the CO2 concentration (representing clear‐sky long‐wave radiation), the vapour diffusion to droplets, and the turbulent mixing. Subsequently, we study whether these perturbations can improve the model representation, and on the other hand whether they can explain the model behaviour of the 16 ensemble members. Results are displayed in process diagrams. We find that the behaviour of the ensemble can be explained by variations in the soil heat diffusivity and the turbulent mixing. However, their sensitivities orient in approximately the same direction, and as such, errors in the formulation of the boundary‐layer scheme can be hidden by compensating errors in the land‐surface scheme. In addition, we find that simultaneous perturbations in the soil heat diffusivity and turbulent mixing do not result in the same results as superposing the individual perturbations.
Magnetic Field Generation in Laser-Plasma Interactions.

The primary focus of this thesis is understanding the production of magnetic fields during laser-plasma experiments. Each chapter investigates a different mechanism of producing magnetic fields. The first is from the by-product of launching asymmetric shocks which drive Biermann battery generated magnetic fields. The second looks at the reconnection of magnetic fields between two laser focal spots and the third is from fields produced around a current carrying loop target. Blast waves are investigated in the laboratory using a fast framing camera to capture multiple images on a single shot. In analysing the images, the blast wave's trajectory is compared to a Sedov-Taylor solution and the coupling of the laser energy into the shock wave is calculated to be 0.5-2%. The evolution of the blast wave's shape is characterised by fitting an ellipse to the outer edge and is observed to progress into a more symmetrical shape. Calculations show that two shocks produced in the interaction cause the change in ellipticity. We experimentally demonstrate that when two laser spots are placed in close proximity reconnection occurs. Diagnostics, including proton radiography, X-ray detectors and an optical probe, record and diagnose the existence of a semi-collisional reconnection event. The experimental data and simulations show that both Nernst and anisotropic pressure effects need to be taken into account for understanding and predicting the correct plasma dynamics observed. Magnetic fields are produced by driving a current through a loop attached to two plates and new measurements recording the voltages induced are presented in this thesis. It is found that the predicted values for the resistance, capacitance and inductance do not match those extracted from the experimental data and reasons for these are presented. Ideas for furthering this research to enhance our understanding in this area are given.
Estimation of least ecological streamflow through long-term habitat evaluation using stream hydrodynamics and water quality factors

ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to evaluate aquatic habitat suitability considering stream hydraulics as well as water quality and to propose a stream ecological flow rate for Zacco platypus in the Banbyeon Stream of South Korea. Stream water temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) in addition to streamflow velocity and depth were simulated using the Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) from 2010 to 2020 and then used to estimate weighted usable area (WUA) as the proxy indicator of stream habitat suitability. The continuous above-threshold (CAT) analysis revealed several anomalous drops in WUA as the combined effect of water temperature rise and streamflow reduction. A WUA/WUAmax ratio of about 24% seems to be a threshold level below which water temperature rises more rapidly as streamflow decreases. This is equivalent to a streamflow rate of 3.6 m3/s and is proposed as the least ecological streamflow to sustain minimal aquatic habitat suitability.
On grand and small Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces and some applications to PDE's

This paper is essentially a survey on grand and small Lebesgue spaces, which are rearrangement-invariant Banach function spaces of interest not only from the point of view of Function Spaces theory, but also from the point of view of their applications: the corresponding Sobolev spaces are of interest, for instance, in the theory of PDEs. We discuss results of existence, uniqueness and regularity of certain Dirichlet problems, where the knowledge of these spaces plays a central role. The novelty of this paper relies in an unified treatment containing a number of equivalent quasinorms, all written making explicit the dependence of |Ω| , in the discussion of the sharpness of Hölder’s inequality, and in the connection of the results in PDEs with some existing literature. 1. Grand and small Lebesgue spaces: a short overview 1.1. The original motivation Let Ω ⊂ Rn be a bounded domain and f : Ω →Rn , f = ( f 1, ., f n) be a mapping of Sobolev class W 1,n loc (Ω,R n) . Let us denote by Df (x) : Rn → Rn the differential and by J(x, f ) = detD f (x) the Jacobian of f . After the elementary remark that by Hölder’s inequality the Jacobian J(x, f ) is in Lloc(Ω) , the first fundamental result on the integrability of the Jacobian was due to Müller ([135]): f ∈W (Ω,R), J(x, f ) 0 a.e. ⇒ J(x, f ) ∈ L logLloc(Ω). Mathematics subject classification (2010): 46E30, 35J65.
Design of an Innovative Downhole NMR Scanning Probe

Currently, commercial downhole nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tools can measure depth (along with borehole axis) and radial (perpendicular with borehole axis) profile information simultaneously. However, in many cases, the lack of information due to the strong heterogeneity, partial invasion of the drilling mud around the borehole or borehole collapse will have a serious impact on applications. In order to ensure the validity of each measurement, acquisition of azimuthal information is as important as the depth and radial profile information. In this paper, we described the performance and response simulation of an innovative centralized downhole NMR scanning probe (SMRT). This probe uses hollow cylinder magnets as main magnets to produce azimuthally symmetrical polarized (related to the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$z$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis) static magnetic field <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${B} _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Circular focusing magnets and high permeability materials are added between the main magnets to simultaneously adjust the field homogeneity along with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$z$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis, increase the height of sensitive region and enhance the strength of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${B} _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> field in sensitive region. Coil array is composed of eight independent coil units with the same performance but different azimuthal selection function used to scan the formation around the probe so that eight azimuthally distinguishable sensitive regions can be investigated. Magnets and coil array configuration are optimized with the finite-element method, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${B} _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> field and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${B} _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> field is calculated to obtain the spin dynamic response. Numerical simulation results show that NMR signals from different azimuthal sections had no overlapped feature (sensitive volume of each azimuthal direction is thin shell of arc length approximate 45°) and high azimuthal resolution is feasible.