Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Server overload detection and prediction using pattern classification

One of the key factors in customer satisfaction is the application performance. In traditional settings, it is usually not very difficult to manually detect a performance problem, however, with the advent of ultra-large-scale (ULS) systems [4], manual performance monitoring and prediction becomes tedious and would thus ideally require automation. A typical situation in such a system is depicted by Figure 1, in which a server overload occurs when approximately 500 requests are handled per second by the system. In order to prevent the overloaded state, we should be able to predict this state when the system is handling approximately 400 requests per second, so that it can be scaled up. Automating this prediction is typically hard, because many factors influence performance, and it is typically the human mind that excels at making the right (subjective) decisions based on multiple factors. It is our aim to automate performance prediction, for which we have two distinct goals in mind: (1) warn the system administrator for the need of an impending hardware upscaling and (2) provide an automatic overload prevention mechanism. An application in which such an automated prediction mechanism is very useful is in self-adaptive systems, which are capable of adapting their own behavior according to changes in the environment and the system itself [5]. Having such a mechanism will improve the quality of service as it helps these systems decide when to scale up. In this paper, we propose an approach for server overload prediction. An important aspect of our overload prediction mechanism is the performance monitoring method. Our performance monitoring is based on measuring a wide variety of so-called performance counters [1], such as the Memory\ Available Mbytes and Processor\%Processor Time counters. Rather than defining exact threshold values for the monitored performance counters, we propose to use pattern classification, which can assist with recognizing complex performance counter patterns. Paper accepted as a poster for the 8th International Conference on Autonomic Computing (ICAC 2011)
The Importance of Local Knowledge and Interdisciplinary Research People, Trees and Agriculture in Africa: Constraints and Options for Improved Management of Trees in Tanzania and Burkina Faso

The Petrea programme The Petrea research programme focused on how trees and shrubs can be brought into wider use by rural people in semi-arid Africa. The research objective was to identify rural people’s needs in relation to trees, the constraints for improving their benefits from trees, and to propose locally adapted strategies and techniques for improved utilisation of trees. Interdisciplinary teamwork in the field and in publication of research papers remained a central feature of the research programme. The research teams had representatives from the natural as well as the social sciences and the humanities.
Verified compilation based on the B method : an initial appraisal ( extended version )

This report presents an application of the software engineering process known as the B method beyond the classical algorithmic level provided by the B0 sub-language, and presents refinements of B models in a level of precision equivalent to assembly language. We claim and justify that this extension provides for a more reliable software development process as it bypasses two of the less trustable steps in the application of the B method: code synthesis and compilation. The results presented in the paper have a value as a proof of concept and may be used as a basis to establish an agenda for the development of an approach to build verifying compilers [4] based on the B method.
Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis by KSR1 and MARK2

Protein scaffolds control the intensity and duration of signaling and dictate the specificity of signaling through MAP kinase pathways. KSR1 is a molecular scaffold of the Raf/MEK/ERK MAP kinase cascade that regulates the intensity and duration of ERK activation. Relative to wild-type mice, ksr1-/- mice are modestly glucose intolerant, but show a normal response to exogenous insulin. However, ksr1-/- mice also demonstrate a three-fold increase in serum insulin levels in response to a glucose challenge, suggesting a role for KSR1 in insulin secretion. The kinase MARK2 is closely related to C-TAK1, a known regulator of KSR1. Mice lacking MARK2 have an increased rate of glucose disposal in response to exogenous insulin, increased glucose tolerance, and are resistant to diet-induced obesity. mark2-/-ksr1-/- (DKO) mice were compared to wild type, mark2-/-, and ksr1-/- mice for their ability to regulate glucose homeostasis. Here we show that disruption of KSR1 in mark2-/- mice reverses the increased sensitivity to exogenous insulin resulting from MARK2 deletion. DKO mice respond to exogenous insulin similarly to wild type and ksr1-/- mice. These data suggest a model whereby MARK2 negatively regulates insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissue through inhibition of KSR1. Consistent with this model, we found that MARK2 binds and phosphorylates KSR1 on Ser392. Phosphorylation of Ser392 is a critical regulator of KSR1 stability, subcellular location, and ERK activation. These data reveal an unexpected role for the molecular scaffold KSR1 in insulin-regulated glucose metabolism.
Towards a Psychology of Cultural Globalisation: A Sense of Self in a Changing World

Cultural interconnectivity motivated by globalisation has transformed societies and interpersonal interactions around the world. Furthermore, on a psychological level, individuals are intensely influenced by the new contextual complexity challenging the processes of developing a sense of belonging and a sense of self. This article discusses and integrates relevant psychological theories for approaching the psychological study of cultural globalisation. This integration is done by pragmatically drawing from various psychological theories concerning cultural interaction and psychological development, specifically globalisation-based acculturation, biculturalism, dialogical self and identity theories. Two general reactions towards cultural globalisation are identified as exclusionary and integrative ways of either accepting or rejecting new cultural influences. In addition to the adaptation to cultural globalisation, an individual’s sense of self and belonging is developed through levels of cultural, social and personal identities. Furthermore, locally embedded identity challenges related to these general reaction patterns towards cultural globalisation could emerge as identity confusion and extremism. The article argues that the psychological study of cultural globalisation is an integral emerging field of research, which is appropriately developed through an integration of acculturation and identity research.
An Overview of Cloud Computing M

D uring the last several decades, dramatic advances in computing power, storage, and networking technology have allowed the human race to generate, process, and share increasing amounts of information in dramatically new ways. As new applications of computing technology are developed and introduced, these applications are often used in ways that their designers never envisioned. New applications, in turn, lead to new demands for even more powerful computing infrastructure. To meet these computing-infrastructure demands, system designers are constantly looking for new system architectures and algorithms to process larger collections of data more quickly than is feasible with today's systems. It is now possible to assemble very large, powerful systems consisting of many small, inexpensive commodity components because computers have become smaller and less expensive, disk drive capacity continues to increase, and networks have gotten faster. Such systems tend to be much less costly than a single, faster machine with comparable capabilities. Building systems from large numbers of commodity components leads to some significant challenges, however. Because many more computers can be put into a computer room today than was possible even a few years ago, electrical-power consumption, airconditioning capacity, and equipment weight have all become important considerations for system designs. Software challenges also arise in this environment because writing software that can take full advantage of the aggregate computing power of many machines is far more difficult than writing software for a single, faster machine. Recently, a number of commercial and academic organizations have built large systems from commodity computers, disks, and networks, and have created software to make this hardware easier to program and manage. These organizations have taken a variety of novel approaches to address the challenges outlined above. In some cases, these organizations have used their hardware and software to provide storage, computational, and data management services to their own internal users, or to provide these services to external customers for a fee. We refer to the hardware and software environment that implements this service-based environment as a cloud-computing environment. Because the term " cloud computing " is relatively new, there is not universal agreement on this definition. Some people use the terms grid computing, utility computing, or application service providers to describe the same storage, computation, and data-management ideas that constitute cloud computing. Regardless of the exact definition used, numerous companies and research organizations are applying cloud-computing concepts to their business or research problems including Google, …
Nobeyama Millimeter Array Observations of GRB 030329 : a Decay of Afterglow with Bumps and Molecular Gas in the Host Galaxy

Nobeyama Millimeter Array was used to observe millimeter-wave afterglow of GRB 030329 at 93GHz and 141GHz from 2003 April 6 (8.23 days after the burst) to 2003 May 30 (61.97 days). A sensitive search for CO (J = 1–0) emission/absorption from the host galaxy of GRB 030329 was also carried out. Unresolved millimeter continuum emission at the position of GRB 030329 was detected until 2003 April 21. We found a steep decline of continuum flux (∝ t−2.0) during this period, in accord with a previous report. Moreover, our data implies that the decay was accompanied by possible plateaus phases, or bumps, on a time scale of several days. From an integrated spectrum, produced by summing up the data from 2003 April 10 to 2003 May 30, we found a possible emission feature, which could be a redshifted CO (J = 1–0) line. Its position and redshift coincide well with those of GRB 030329, though further observations are required to confirm the detection. If the emission feature is real, the observed CO flux is 1.4±0.52Jykms−1, corresponding to a large molecular gas mass ofM(H2)> 109M . This implies that the host galaxy, which is optically faint, is highly obscured due to a rich interstellar medium.
Outcomes and effectiveness of bilateral percutaneous transluminal renal artery stenting in patients with critical bilateral renal artery stenosis.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the effects of percutaneous bilateral renal artery stenting in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and in-hospital and 4 month outcome of the procedure, focusing on the changes in renal function and blood pressure. METHODS Five consecutive patients (mean age: 64.8 ± 9.7 years, 1 women) with bilateral renal artery stenoses underwent percutaneous interventions. We compared blood pressure, number of oral antihypertensive medications, and renal function changes preprocedure and postprocedure at 4 months follow-up. RESULTS A total of 5 bilateral atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis patients underwent percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty and 10 stents were placed. Although systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly decreased in follow-up period, glomerular filtration rates were not significantly changed as compared with baseline data (p = 0.009, p = 0.008, p = 1.00, respectively). Also, the number of oral antihypertensive medications were significantly decreased at follow-up period (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Bilateral renal artery stenting provides a beneficial outcome such as stabilization of renal functions, significant improvement in blood pressure control and reduction in the number of oral antihypertensive medications at follow-up.
Discrete event systems specification in systems biology - a discussion of stochastic pi calculus and DEVS

The goal of systems biology is to analyze the behavior and interrelationships between entities of entire functional biological systems. Discrete event approaches are of particular interest if small numbers of entities, like DNA molecules, shall be modeled. Two general approaches toward discrete event modeling and simulation are presented. They provide rather different perspectives on the system to be modeled, as is illustrated based on a model of the Trypophan Operon. Whereas in Devs distinctions are emphasized, e.g. between system and its environment, between structural and non structural changes, between properties attributed to a system and the system itself, these distinctions become fluent in the compact description of the /spl pi/-calculus. However, both share the problem that in order to support a comfortable modeling, adaptations and extensions according to the concrete requirements of this challenging application area are needed.
Exportaciones de turismo y competitividad

Este trabajo aporta evidencia empirica sobre los principales determinantes de los ingresos por turismo de la economia espanola. Para ello se estima una funcion econometrica de los ingresos por turismo espanoles con datos anuales para el periodo 1964-1995. La metodologia empleada para la estimacion es el modelo de correccion del error, basado en la existencia de una relacion estable a largo plazo entre la variable dependiente, una variable de renta y otra de competitividad. Tambien se analiza la relevancia que tienen ciertas variables en el corto plazo, como son el gasto en infraestructuras o el precio relativo del petroleo. Por ultimo, se realiza un analisis estructural de la evolucion de esta partida de la demanda exterior, haciendo especial enfasis en la contribucion de la competitividad via precio.
Variation and timing of the cranial ossification sequence of the oriental fire‐bellied toad, Bombina orientalis (Amphibia, Discoglossidae)

The sequence of appearance of the 17 different skull bones in the oriental fire‐bellied toad, Bombina orientalis, is described. Data are based primarily on samples of ten or 11 laboratory‐reared specimens of each of 11 Gosner developmental stages (36–46) representing middle through late metamorphosis. Ossification commences as early as stage 37 (hind limb with all five toes distinct), but the full complement of adult bones is not attained until stage 46 (metamorphosis complete). Number of bones present at intermediate stages is poorly correlated with external morphology. As many as four Gosner developmental stages elapse before a given bone is present in all specimens following the stage at which it may first appear. The modal ossification sequence is frontoparietal, exoccipital, parasphenoid, septomaxilla, premaxilla, vomer, nasal, maxilla, angulosplenial, dentary, squamosal, quadratojugal, pterygoid, prootic, interfrontal, sphenethmoid, and mentomeckelian. Most specimens are consistent with this sequence, despite the poor correlation between cranial ossification and external development as assayed by Gosner stage.
Improved multilevel routing with redundant via placement for yield and reliability

This paper presents an improved multilevel Full-chip routing system which integrates global routing and detailed routing algorithms to achieve great enhancement in yield and reliability considering the redundant via placement. The system features a pre-coarsening stage which is equipped with a fast congestion-driven L-pattern global routing followed by the rvia-driven detailed routing. The L-pattern global routing benefits a lot to the reduction of vias and thus relieves the burden of redundant via addition. Then the rvia-driven maze routing algorithm considers the addition of redundant vias during routing. Finally the redundant via placement heuristic also contributes to improve the completion rate. We have tested the system on a set of commonly used benchmark circuits and compared the results with a previous multilevel routing framework. The experimental results are promising.
Study on switching power converter with discrete global sliding mode control

Discrete global sliding mode (SM) control of switching power converters is presented in this paper. The global sliding mode controller has better robustness and dynamic characteristic than conventional SM controller. The existence and stability conditions of quasi global sliding mode are proposed. The design method for the discrete global SM controller is studied and applied to a buck converter with global sliding mode control. Simulations verify the validity of the theoretical analysis on discrete global sliding mode control.
Nonpsychotropic Cannabinoid Receptors Regulate Microglial Cell Migration

During neuroinflammation, activated microglial cells migrate toward dying neurons, where they exacerbate local cell damage. The signaling molecules that trigger microglial cell migration are poorly understood. In this paper, we show that pathological overstimulation of neurons by glutamate plus carbachol dramatically increases the production of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) but only slightly increases the production of anandamide and does not affect the production of two putative endocannabinoids, homo-γ-linolenylethanolamide and docosatetraenylethanolamide. We further show that pathological stimulation of microglial cells with ATP also increases the production of 2-AG without affecting the amount of other endocannabinoids. Using a Boyden chamber assay, we provide evidence that 2-AG triggers microglial cell migration. This effect of 2-AG occurs through CB2 and abnormal-cannabidiol-sensitive receptors, with subsequent activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signal transduction pathway. It is important to note that cannabinol and cannabidiol, two nonpsychotropic ingredients present in the marijuana plant, prevent the 2-AG-induced cell migration by antagonizing the CB2 and abnormal-cannabidiol-sensitive receptors, respectively. Finally, we show that microglial cells express CB2 receptors at the leading edge of lamellipodia, which is consistent with the involvement of microglial cells in cell migration. Our study identifies a cannabinoid signaling system regulating microglial cell migration. Because this signaling system is likely to be involved in recruiting microglial cells toward dying neurons, we propose that cannabinol and cannabidiol are promising nonpsychotropic therapeutics to prevent the recruitment of these cells at neuroinflammatory lesion sites.
GPU-based real-time RGB-D 3D SLAM

This paper proposes a GPU (graphics processing unit)-based real-time RGB-D (red-green-blue depth) 3D SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) system. RGB-D data contain 2D image and per-pixel depth information. First, 6-DOF (degree-of-freedom) visual odometry is obtained through the 3D-RANSAC (three-dimensional random sample consensus) algorithm with image features. And a projective ICP (iterative closest point) algorithm gives an accurate odometry estimation result with depth information. For speed up extraction of features and ICP computation, GPU-based parallel computation is performed. After detecting loop closure, a graph-based SLAM algorithm optimizes trajectory of the sensor and 3D map.
Path Planning for Six-joint Manipulators by Generalization from Example Paths

This paper presents a novel kind of generalizing neural storage tailored for the problem of global motion planning for six-joint manipulators in complex, changing environments. Paths are stored in a growing map of neurons with adaptive ellipsoidal receptive eld, called the Ellipsoidal Map. Path planning is based on nding the best-matching neurons for start and goal and a graph search in the neurons' connectivity graph, which gets adapted to the topology of free space. The Ellipsoidal Map remains adaptive all the time: Paths can always be stored and information about collision in planned paths, which occur in particular due to changes of the environment, lead always to corrections of the map. An application to a simulation of the Rotex robot with six degrees of freedom demonstrates highly satisfactory planning skills.
Foreign ownership and technological convergence at the micro level

This paper investigates whether there is convergence in Total Factor Productivity at the establishment level, to the technological frontier. We find evidence of convergence to the frontier, which suggests the existence of technological spillovers. The speed of catch-up does not appear to vary with the extent of foreign presence in the industry. But foreign multinationals do make up a significant proportion of establishments at the technological frontier. This implies that high productivity firms, both domestic and foreign-owned, make a contribution to productivity growth through technology transfer. Acknowledgements: This work was funded by the Gatsby Trust. This report has been produced under contract to the ONS. We are grateful to seminar participants at the Institute for Fiscal Studies, the Royal Economic Society Conference, and the University of Nottingham for helpful comments. Responsibility for any results, opinions, and errors lies with the authors alone. JEL Classification: F23, O33, O47
Symptoms associated with mobile phone usage among Turkish university students

This study investigate the habits of using mobile phone in terms of various psychological symptoms among university students. The research sample consisted of 391 female (73.6 %) and 134 male (25.2 %) total 531 students of Gazi University. The Brief Symptoms Inventory, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale -42, and demographic information form were used for collecting data. The mean age was 21.52, the majority of students have a mobile phone(%98.9) and they use one line. Average cell phone usage time was 1-2 hours, following this 3-5 hours users in a week. The ratio of females conneting to Internet with cell phone were %80.5 and males %76.5. There was a significant difference between males and females weekly connection to internet. Females average connection time was longer than males, and also talks longer than males. There was a significant differences between students who connect to Internet from mobile phone and no connection groups on scores of brief symptoms inventories obsessive compulsif disorder, anxiety, hostility and interpersonal sensitivity subcales. Males have more hostility symptoms.Consistent with the literature there were some risk factors based on psychological symptoms and gender differenece among students problematic cell phone usage behavior. Keywords: Cell phone usage, cell phone addiction, addiction.
Fusion moves for correlation clustering

Correlation clustering, or multicut partitioning, is widely used in image segmentation for partitioning an undirected graph or image with positive and negative edge weights such that the sum of cut edge weights is minimized. Due to its NP-hardness, exact solvers do not scale and approximative solvers often give unsatisfactory results. We investigate scalable methods for correlation clustering. To this end we define fusion moves for the correlation clustering problem. Our algorithm iteratively fuses the current and a proposed partitioning which monotonously improves the partitioning and maintains a valid partitioning at all times. Furthermore, it scales to larger datasets, gives near optimal solutions, and at the same time shows a good anytime performance.