Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Late-glacial and Holocene record of climatic change from a Swiss peat humification profile

Colorimetric measurements of alkaline extracts from two Swiss peat cores have provided a complete 14500-year-long record of peat humification, a proxy of effective precipitation. Peat from the cold Younger Dryas (11050–9550 cal. bc) was well preserved despite low levels of precipitation. A particularly dry period, peaking at c. 7100 cal. bc, is indicated by well-decomposed peat. Peat from c. 6750–4250 cal. bc shows a low degree of decomposition, indicating a wet bog surface despite relatively warm temperatures and therefore indicating high levels of precipitation. A sharp transition to higher levels of decomposition c. 4450–3750 cal. bc indicates a major transition to a drier bog surface. Subsequently, peat humification generally decreases towards the end of the deeper profile (c. cal. ad 1050), indicating a gradual return to wetter conditions. This gradual decrease is punctuated by periods of particularly low humification which appear to be due to shifts to higher levels of effective precipitation from c. 2500 to 1350 cal. bc, c. 1050 to 550 cal. bc, centered around 150 cal. bc, and from c. cal. ad 550 onwards. Anthropogenic influences appear to have affected peat humification at the site at least since the Middle Ages. This study indicates that humification in colder regions/time periods could be more affected by temperature than precipitation and vice versa.
Homo Zappiens: educando na era digital

* Professor na Universidade Nove de Julho (Uninove/SP). Mestre. Doutorando em Educação pela Universidade de Sorocaba (Uniso/SP) e em Administração pela Uninove/SP. Desenvolve pesquisas relacionadas à tecnologia e ao cotidiano escolar. E-mail: Leandro_66@hotmail.com ** Professor na Universidade Nove de Julho (Uninove/SP). Mestrando em Educação, Arte e História da Cultura pela Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie de São Paulo. Especialista em Magistério do Ensino Superior pela PUCSP. E-mail: prof.eduardocg@bol.com. br RESENHA
Ecological and temperature controls on Mg/Ca ratios of Globigerina bulloides from the southwest Pacific Ocean

We present Mg/Ca data for Globigerina bulloides from 10 core top sites in the southwest Pacific Ocean analyzed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). Mg/Ca values in G. bulloides correlate with observed ocean temperatures (7 degrees C-19 degrees C), and when combined with previously published data, an integrated Mg/Ca-temperature calibration for 7 degrees C-31 degrees C is derived where Mg/Ca (mmol/mol) = 0.955 x e(0.068 x T) (r(2) = 0.95). Significant variability of Mg/Ca values (20%-30%) was found for the four visible chambers of G. bulloides, with the final chamber consistently recording the lowest Mg/Ca and is interpreted, in part, to reflect changes in the depth habitat with ontogeny. Incipient and variable dissolution of the thin and fragile final chamber, and outermost layer concomitantly added to all chambers, caused by different cleaning techniques prior to solution-based ICPMS analyses, may explain the minor differences in previously published Mg/Ca-temperature calibrations for this species. If the lower Mg/Ca of the final chamber reflects changes in depth habitat, then LA-ICPMS of the penultimate (or older) chambers will most sensitively record past changes in near-surface ocean temperatures. Mean size-normalized G. bulloides test weights correlate negatively with ocean temperature (T = 31.8 x e(-30.5xwtN); r(2) = 0.90), suggesting that in the southwest Pacific Ocean, temperature is a prominent control on shell weight in addition to carbonate ion levels.
Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Emotional Eating Scale Adapted for Children and Adolescents (EES-C) Results in Girls: Polish Adolescents’ COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study

Stress related to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic may have caused substantial changes in eating behaviors, and may have been associated with emotional eating, especially in female individuals. The aim of the present study was to analyze the association between stress perceived during the COVID-19 pandemic and emotional eating in girls, within the third phase of the Polish Adolescents’ COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study. A nationwide sample of 818 Polish female adolescents, aged 15–20, was gathered. The adolescents were recruited to the study based on a random quota sampling procedure. Using a computer-assisted web interview (CAWI) survey, participants filled out the Emotional Eating Scale Adapted for Children and Adolescents (EES-C) to assess the urge to cope with negative emotions by eating, and the Adolescent Stress Questionnaire (ASQ) to assess perceived stress. Additionally, the data concerning body mass, height, as well as body mass change during the COVID-19 pandemic were verified. The groups most susceptible to emotional eating were excessive body mass female adolescents, those who gained weight during the COVID-19 pandemic and those experiencing high stress levels while facing negative emotions. In order to plan effective therapeutic interventions dealing with the issue of emotional eating, both psychological therapy and dietary strategy tailored to the individual should be considered for the indicated susceptible groups.
Preliminary evidence for the influence of physiography and scale upon the autocorrelation function of remotely sensed data

Abstract Previously established results of Craig (1976, 1979) and Craig and Labovitz (1980) demonstrated that Landsat data are autocorrelated and can be described by a univariate linear stochastic process known as an auto regressive integrated moving average model of degree 1, 0, 1, or ARIMA (1, 0, 1). This model has two coefficients of interest for interpretation: φandθ In a comparison of Landsat Thematic Mapper Simulator (TMS) data and Landsat MSS data several results are established:(1)The form of the relatedness as described by this model is not dependent upon system look angle or pixel size. (2)The coefficient φ increases with decreasing pixel size and increasing topographic complexity. (3)Changes in topography have a greater influence upon φ than changes in land cover class. (4)Theθ seems to vary with the amount of atmospheric haze. These patterns of variation in φandθ are potentially exploitable by the remote sensing community to yield stochastically independent sets of observations, to characterize t.
A Rare Case of Isolated Male Epispadias

Epispadias is a congenital malformation marked by the failure of the urethral bulb to tubularize dorsally. This results in a wide-open urethral plate dorsally. Epispadias is frequently associated with bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex. We report the case of a five-year-old patient who presented in the outpatient department with isolated epispadias without any other associated abnormality. This report aims to document this rare case of isolated male epispadias with incontinence and the success of using the modified Cantwell-Ransley technique for its treatment.
Understanding Dental Pain: Cross-sectional Analysis of Pain Intensity and Associated Factors using Visual Analogue Scale

Pain is a multifaceted experience that can vary based on an individual's threshold and perception and can be acute or chronic, depending on the nature and type of pain experienced. This study evaluated the efficacy of Visual Analogue Scale in assessing dental pain among 153 dental patients in Pakistan region. The study found that Visual Analogue Scale provides a useful and straightforward method for assessing pain intensity among dental patients undergoing various therapies. These findings may help dental healthcare providers improve pain management strategies and patient outcomes. However, a comprehensive approach to pain assessment and management beyond pain intensity ratings using Visual Analogue Scale is essential. Future studies should explore other dimensions of pain and identify optimal pain management strategies in dental settings.
Conceptual Model of the Effects of Sea Level Rise on Sandy Coasts

Abstract Over the past 40 years, consideration of the potential effect of sea level rise on sandy coasts has been dominated by the conceptual model proposed in the Bruun Rule, which is used to predict the horizontal translation of the shoreline associated with a given rise in sea level. A review of the hypotheses that form the basis for this two-dimensional model suggests that the assumption of net sand transfer to the nearshore profile and deposition of a thickness of sediment equal to the rise in sea level is probably incorrect. Moreover, the model omits consideration of a significant component of the coastal sediment budget, namely the dune sediment budget, and the processes associated with beach-dune interaction. An alternative conceptual model is developed on the basis of a two-dimensional equilibrium profile similar to that which forms the basis for the Bruun Model. The proposed model incorporates consideration of the dune sediment budget and foredune dynamics. In contrast to the Bruun Model, it predicts no net transfer of sediment to the nearshore profile and preservation of the foredune through landward migration. It is argued that the model proposed here offers a better starting point for developing more realistic models of shoreline response to sea level rise that incorporate consideration of alongshore sediment transfers and more complex coastal morphology and sediment characteristics. Testing of the validity of the model and its potential use for integrated coastal zone management will require consideration of the volume changes associated with sea level rise on a decadal scale.
Hydrocarbon charging process of Ordovician strike‐slip fault zones in the Shunbei area, Tarim Basin, NW China

Ultra‐deep marine carbonate reservoirs is an important field for oil and gas exploration, and it is also a hot research topic in recent years. However, their hydrocarbon episodic charging model is still under debate up to now. A great breakthrough has been made in the newly discovered ultra‐deep fault‐karst oil reservoir in the Shunbei area of Tarim Basin. Based on quantitative gas chromatogram‐mass spectrometry, stable carbon isotopes of reservoir oils, microthermometry and confocal laser scanning analyses of fluid inclusions, the reservoir oil origin and hydrocarbon charging history in Shunbei No. 1, No. 5 and No. 7 strike‐slip fault zones are expounded. The results showed that the Ordovician reservoir oil derives from the source rocks within the Cambrian Yuertusi Formation deposited in a highly anoxic bottom water environment. There were four stages of hydrocarbon charging in the study area, in the late Caledonian, late Hercynian–Indosinian, middle Yanshanian and late Himalayan. During this period, the force‐field strength of the charged oil gradually decreased, and the early‐stage charged crude oil with low maturity and high force‐field strength preferentially accumulated in the Yijianfang Formation, while the late‐stage charged crude oil with high maturity and low force‐field strength preferentially accumulated in the Yingshan Formation. This study reveals the history and differences of petroleum accumulation in the Shunbei fault zones, which is significance for understanding the hydrocarbon distribution in ultra‐deep marine carbonate reservoirs.
Movements and habitat asociations of northern flying squirrels in the Central Oregon Cascades

approval: Robert G. Anthony, Ph.D. We used radio-telemetry techniques to estimate home range size, movements, den sites, and habitat selection of 39 northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus) in 2 oldand 2 second-growth stands in the central Oregon Cascades. Sampling periods were at night during summer and fall of 1991-92. Home ranges were smaller for female squirrels (3.9 ha, SE = 0.37) than male squirrels (5.9 ha, SE = 0.75); there was no detectable difference in home range size between stand types. Movements between successive, noncorrelated telemetry locations averaged 71 m (SE = 1.6 m; = 1090) with no detectable differences between stand types or sexes. Northern flying squirrels had similar home range sizes, and movements in oldand second-growth coniferous forests of the central Oregon Cascades. Northern flying squirrel core-use areas (75% of the utilization area) were used to assess habitat selection in both oldand second-growth stands. Logistic regression procedures resulted in 1 significant microhabitat variable from the 22 variables measured in each stand type. In the old-growth stands, squirrels avoided areas with high proportions of large (. 50 cm diameter) down wood (i = 0.0002). In the second-growth stands squirrels avoided areas with high densities of small (10 49 cm dbh) snags ( = 0.003). In the summer of 1992 we used daytime telemetry techniques to locate 42 den sites in an old-growth stand and 64 den sites in a second-growth stand. Den trees were larger than the average available den tree in each stand type. Den trees averaged 36.0 cm dbh (SE = 1.6 cm) in the second-growth stand and 101.0 cm (SE = 6.1 cm) in the old-growth stand. Squirrels did not seem to select snags for den sites more frequently than expected in either stand type, as other studies
Slip Flow Over an Exponentially Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in a Carbon Nanotubes with Heat Generation: Stability Analysis

This study is to analyse the problem of slip flow via exponentially stretching/shrinking sheet in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with heat generation effects. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations via transformation of similarity. The bvp4c solver in Matlab is then used to resolve them numerically. Water is used as the base fluid together with single wall and multi wall CNTs. The flow parameters effect is investigated, shown in the graphs form, and physically evaluated for the dimensionless velocity, temperature, skin friction, and Nusselt numbers. The results show that there are unique solutions for stretching sheets and non-unique solutions for shrinking sheets. In addition, compared to the case of a linearly stretching/shrinking sheet, the region of the stretch/shrink parameter where the similarity solution exists for the case of exponential stretching/shrinking sheet is greater.
Effective solute transport in temporally fluctuating flow through heterogeneous media

We investigate the effective spreading of a passive solute evolving from a finite source in temporally fluctuating flow through a heterogeneous porous medium. To this end, we distinguish between two stochastic processes: one to represent the spatial variability of hydraulic conductivity (K) and one to model the temporal fluctuations of the hydraulic gradient (J). In a second‐order perturbation approach we systematically investigate the time evolution of “effective” dispersion coefficients, which quantify solute spreading in response to longitudinal and transverse fluctuations of the hydraulic gradient, spatial heterogeneity, and local dispersion. The effective dispersion coefficients consist of three contributions that reflect (1) local dispersion, (2) the interaction between local dispersion and spatial heterogeneity, and (3) the interaction of local dispersion, spatial heterogeneity, and temporal fluctuations (i.e., time fluctuations enhance spreading only as a consequence of the interplay with spatial heterogeneity). Furthermore, longitudinal and transverse temporal fluctuations of the hydraulic gradient induce macroscopic contributions to the longitudinal as well as the transverse effective dispersion coefficients, which can both be comparable to the contributions to longitudinal dispersion due to steady flow, i.e., large. An application to a field‐scale tracer experiment gives evidence that temporal fluctuations help in explaining observed macroscopic transverse solute spreading. Furthermore, aquifer remediation techniques that rely on the mixing of injected reactants with resident contaminants, or simply on dissolving these, can benefit from forcing velocity fluctuations. The presented results provide a quantitative basis for the design of such hydraulic manipulation techniques.
Arrhythmia Classification Based on Adaptive Refined Composite Multiscale Fluctuation Dispersion Entropy

To improve the accuracy of electrocardiography (ECG) signal classification and identify abnormal heart rhythms, an arrhythmia classification algorithm based on adaptive refined composite multiscale fluctuation dispersion entropy (ARCMFDE) is proposed. First, an improved QRS complex detection algorithm named the improved Pan-Tompkins algorithm (IPTA) is used. The QRS wave is detected, and the waveform is further processed; then, the signal is decomposed into multiple modal components using variational mode decomposition with the optimized number of decomposition layers (K). Subsequently, the RCMFDE is extracted from the different modal components as a classification feature. Finally, differential evolution (DE) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) are combined to form the hybrid differential evolution-grey wolf pack optimization (DE-GWO) algorithm to optimize the penalty factor c and the kernel function parameter g of the support vector machine for performing pattern recognition. Experimental results show that compared with other methods such as variational mode decomposition (VMD), fluctuation dispersion entropy (FDE), genetic algorithms (GA), and support vector machine (SVM). The proposed classification model has superior performance, with an average accuracy of 96.1%, a sensitivity of 95.9%, and a specificity of 98.7% for four types of heart rhythm recognition. Thus, accurate classification of ECG signals can be achieved using the proposed ARCMFDE-based DE-GWO method.
Prediction of Turkish Constitutional Court Decisions with Explainable Artificial Intelligence

Using artificial intelligence in law is a topic that has attracted attention in recent years. This study aims to classify the case decisions taken by the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Turkey. For this purpose, open-access data published by the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Turkey on the website of the Decisions Information Bank were used in this research. KNN (K-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm), SVM (Support Vector Machine), DT (Decision Tree), RF (Random Forest), and XGBoost (Extreme Gradient Boosting) machine learning (ML) algorithms are used. Precision, Recall, F1-Score, and Accuracy metrics were used to compare the results of these models. As a result of the evaluation showed that the XGBoost model gave the best results with 93.84% Accuracy, 93% Precision, 93% Recall, and 93% F1-Score. It is important that the model result is not only good but also transparent and interpretable. Therefore, in this article, using the SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) method, one of the explainable artificial intelligence techniques, the features that affect the classification of case results are explained. The study is the first study carried out in our country to use explainable artificial intelligence techniques in predicting court decisions in the Republic of Turkey with artificial intelligence.
A diatom record of mid‐ to late Holocene palaeoenvironmental changes in the southern Okinawa Trough

Palaeoceanographic changes over the last 6800 years are documented in a diatom record from core MD05–2908 from the southern Okinawa Trough. Changes in diatom components are used to reflect variations in the strength of the Kuroshio Current and the influence of coastal waters, and these changes are compared with records of the East Asian summer monsoon, which exerts an important influence on regional climate and oceanography. A decreasing trend in the contribution of coastal diatoms during the last 6800 years is related to the weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon during the Holocene in response to diminishing insolation and a southward shift in the intertropical convergence zone. Relatively high abundances of the Kuroshio Current indicator species during the intervals 2600–2200 and 4800–3600 cal a BP, and lower abundances during the intervals 3200–2800 and 2200–1300 cal a BP, imply that there is no consistent weakening of the Kuroshio Current during the interval 4500–3000 cal a BP − the Pulleniatina Minimum Event, which is a widespread feature in the East China Sea and the South China Sea. A major reduction in coastal diatoms at 3200 cal a BP and a slight decrease in the Kuroshio Current indicator species during the interval 3200–2800 cal a BP indicate that a palaeoceanographic shift occurred in the southern Okinawa Trough, which coincided with a Northern Hemisphere climatic cooling, denoted the Neoglaciation in Europe. In addition, changes in the freshwater species component of the record are suggested mainly to result from variations in flood frequency in north‐eastern Taiwan caused by typhoons. A dramatic increase in the frequency of flood events during the last millennium may have been caused by relatively strong El Niño‐Southern Oscillation activity, compared with the more stable period between 6800 and 1000 cal a BP, which experienced a low frequency of flood events.
Organizational culture and leadership behaviors: is manager’s psychological health the missing piece?

Background In a context where organizations struggle to attract and retain highly qualified workers, organizations need to prioritize the psychological health of employees as a retention factor. To do so, they need to provide a healthy work environment. As an integral part of the employee experience, managers are an important factor in employee retention. In past studies, researchers have focused on the importance of leadership in boosting employees’ health without, however, considering factors encouraging such behavior in managers. Recently, some scholars have become interested in managers’ health as a resource allowing them to adopt good leadership behavior. Indeed, these studies reveal interesting links between managers’ emotional state and their behavior as leaders. Other studies, underscore the importance of considering the organizational context to better understand managers’ psychological health that may influence their leadership behaviors. This study proposes to examine the complex process by which organizational culture influences managers’ psychological health, which acts as a resource favoring the adoption of good leadership behaviors that are known to be constructive and have positive effects on employee. Methods Path analyses with the CALIS procedure SAS software, version 9.4 were conducted on a sample of 522 managers in three healthcare facilities in the province of Quebec, Canada. Results The results revealed that group culture is associated with the two indicators of managers’ psychological health at work. The results also demonstrated that managers’ psychological distress at work is positively related to transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles whereas psychological well-being at work is positively related to transformational and transactional leadership. Concerning indirect associations, there is a significant and positive indirect association between group culture and transformational leadership and there is also a significant and negative association between group culture and laissez-faire leadership. Finally, there is also an indirect association between hierarchical culture and transactional leadership. Conclusion Our study provides a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between organizational culture and leadership styles. More specifically, our findings highlight the benefits of implementing a group organizational culture to enhance psychological well-being, reduce psychological distress symptoms and promote good leadership behaviors.