Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new Pre-processing Strategy for Improving Community Detection Algorithms

In the study of complex networks, a network is said to have community structure if it divides naturally into groups of nodes with dense connections within groups and only sparser connections between them. Detecting communities from complex networks has attracted attention of researchers in a wide range of research areas, from biology to sociology and computer science. In this paper, we introduce a new approach to make existing community detection algorithms execute with better results. Our method enhancing community detection algorithms by applying a pre-processing step that exploits betweenness for nodes and edges, to maps unweighted graph onto a weighted graph. It has been tested in conjunction with four algorithms, namely the Louvain method, SOM algorithm, VOS clustering, and Danon algorithm. Experimental results show that our edge weighting strategies raises modularity for existing algorithms.
Utility Maximization for Load Optimization in Cellular/WLAN Interworking Network Based on Generalized Benders Decomposition

Load steering is widely accepted as a key SON function in cellular/WLAN interworking network. To investigate load optimizing from a perspective of system utilization maximization more than just offloading to improve APs’ usage, a utility maximization (UTMAX) optimization model and an ASRAO algorithm based on generalized Benders Decomposition are proposed in this paper. UTMAX is to maximize the sum of logarithmic utility functions of user data rate by jointly optimizing user association and resource allocation. To maintain the flexibility of resource allocation, a parameter is added to the utility function, where smaller means more resources can be allocated to edge users. As a result, it reflects a tradeoff between improvements in user throughput fairness and system total throughput. UTMAX turns out to be a mixed integer nonlinear programming, which is intractable intuitively. So ASRAO is proposed to solve it optimally and effectively, and an optional phase for expediting ASRAO is proposed by using relaxation and approximation techniques, which reduces nearly 10% iterations and time needed by normal ASRAO from simulation results. The results also show UTMAX’s good effects on improving WLAN usage and edge user throughput.
Parameter based Cluster Head Election in Wireless Sensor Network: A Fuzzy Approach

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is the bunch of thousands sensor nodes because a single sensor node has very limited competence in sensing and isn’t sufficient for extracting and transmit useful data. So this process should be competent by using a number of sensor nodes. Wireless sensor network is easily deployed in compare to any other networks because they don’t need any particular framework. In wireless sensor network, nodes receive signal from limited area. When this signal is sensed and transmit the information to base station, nodes consume energy. Wireless sensor network contain distinct parameters like energy, processing power and storage. But the energy of nodes is the most important consideration among them. LEACH is one of the prominent proactive sensor network protocols and in this cluster head is selected on the basis of probability of each round, whereas in our proposed method cluster head is selected on the premises of three fuzzy parameters-residual energy, neighbor and centrality. Simulation results for a probability of cluster head on the basis of fuzzy rules using the status of membership function are presented in paper. All the simulation work done in MATLAB. General Terms Sensor Network, Fuzzy Rules
Dual-phase-lag heat equation of fractional order of heat transfer within microscale region

In this article, the author has used fractional calculus to explain the wave nature of heat propagation as well as heat conduction at molecular level with dual phase lag; in this row he proposed dual phase lag heat equation of fractional order. Modified Adomian Decomposition Method and New Iterative Method are applied to obtain the approximate analytical solutions of the proposed model. Numerical results are presented and compared graphically. It is observed that the order of the proposed equation affects the transfer of heat significantly.
Novel Wireless-Communicating Textiles Made from Multi-Material and Minimally-Invasive Fibers

The ability to integrate multiple materials into miniaturized fiber structures enables the realization of novel biomedical textile devices with higher-level functionalities and minimally-invasive attributes. In this work, we present novel textile fabrics integrating unobtrusive multi-material fibers that communicate through 2.4 GHz wireless networks with excellent signal quality. The conductor elements of the textiles are embedded within the fibers themselves, providing electrical and chemical shielding against the environment, while preserving the mechanical and cosmetic properties of the garments. These multi-material fibers combine insulating and conducting materials into a well-defined geometry, and represent a cost-effective and minimally-invasive approach to sensor fabrics and bio-sensing textiles connected in real time to mobile communications infrastructures, suitable for a variety of health and life science applications.
Rotigaptide (ZP123) Prevents Spontaneous Ventricular Arrhythmias and Reduces Infarct Size During Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Open-Chest Dogs

The antiarrhythmic and cardioprotective effect of increasing gap junction intercellular communication during ischemia/reperfusion injury has not been studied. The antiarrhythmic peptide rotigaptide (previously ZP123), which maintains gap junction intercellular communication, was tested in dogs subjected to a 60-min coronary artery occlusion and 4 h of reperfusion. Rotigaptide was administered i.v. 10 min before reperfusion as a bolus + i.v. infusion at doses of 1 ng/kg bolus + 10 ng/kg/h infusion (n = 6), 10 ng/kg bolus + 100 ng/kg/h infusion (n = 5), 100 ng/kg bolus + 1000 ng/kg/h infusion (n = 8), 1000 ng/kg bolus + 10 μg/kg/h infusion (n = 6), and vehicle control (n = 5). Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) were quantified during reperfusion. A series of four or more consecutive PVCs was defined as ventricular tachycardia (VT). The total incidence of VT was reduced significantly with the two highest doses of rotigaptide (20.3 ± 10.9 and 4.3 ± 4.1 events; p < 0.05) compared with controls (48.7 ± 6.0). Total PVCs were reduced significantly from 25.1 ± 4.2% in control animals to 11.0 ± 4.4 and 1.7 ± 1.3% after the two highest doses of rotigaptide. Infarct size, expressed as a percentage of the left ventricle, was reduced significantly from 13.2 ± 1.9 in controls to 7.1 ± 1.0 (p < 0.05) at the highest dose of rotigaptide. Ultrastructural evaluation revealed no differences in myocardial injury in the infarct area, area at risk, border zone, or normal zone in vehicle and rotigaptide-treated animals. However, rotigaptide did increase the presence of gap junctions in the area at risk (p = 0.022, Fisher's exact test). Rotigaptide had no effect on heart rate, blood pressure, heart rate-corrected QT interval, or left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that rotigaptide is a potent antiarrhythmic compound with cardioprotective effects and desirable safety.
Correction of dynamic knowledge

The work concerns a framework for the formal specification and verification of the dynamic knowledge of knowledge-based systems. At a conceptual level, a system is specified in terms of problems, problem-solving processes, knowledge. An important question is to determine if a process is applicable to solve a problem. In this paper we present how problems and problem-solving processes are specified by abstract data types and we introduce a formalization of the relationships between them. We show how it can be formally proved that a process is correct with respect to a given problem.
Handling adherent cells with magnetically functionalized microplates

We present a cell handling method using magnetically functionalized microplates. Rectangular-shaped permalloy inside the microplates enables the plates to rotate or flip upside down by magnetic field. We conduct two kinds of cell handling experiments: (1) rotating cells for the precise positioning of cell nucleus and (2) flipping over the microplate for culturing different types of cells on both sides of the microplates. These demonstrations indicate that our handling method can be useful for single-cell-level manipulations and be a platform for a heterogeneous 3D co-culture system.
A Design Framework for Scalable and Unified Multipliers in Gf(p) and Gf(2 M ) X.1. Introduction

The design of multiplication units that are reusable and scalable is of interest for cryptographic applications, where the operand size in bits is usually large, and may significantly change depending on the required level of security or the specific cryptosystem (e.g., RSA or Elliptic Curve). The use of the Montgomery multiplication (MM) method combined with techniques for time and space scheduling generates efficient and general solutions in this arena. MM has proven to be useful in both GF(p) and GF(2), and opened up the door for unified architectures designed to accommodate both fields. The scalable design does not rely on particular characteristics of the fields, it is adjustable for the silicon area available, and it does not limit the precision of the operands (variable precision). This way, the design lasts longer. This paper presents a generalization of the concept of scalable and unified architectures for multiplication in GF(p) and GF(2). A design framework is initially presented, and followed by a design example of a radix-8 processing element for a scalable and unified MM architecture. Experimental results show the potential of this method.
Angiotensin II–nitric oxide interaction in the kidney

Purpose of reviewThe balance of angiotensin II and nitric oxide determines the sensitivity of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism, renal vascular resistance and filtration rate. Angiotensin II induces nitric oxide release, but the role of angiotensin II receptors here is not fully understood. Further, the angiotensin II–nitric oxide interaction can be modulated by reactive oxygen species. This review focuses on the angiotensin II–nitric oxide interaction and their modulation by reactive oxygen species in the control of renal blood flow. Recent findingsIdeas about the role of angiotensin II type 1 and angiotensin II type 2 receptors are extended by the observation of angiotensin II type 1-mediated nitric oxide release with direct effects on vascular tone, tubuloglomerular feedback and sympathetic neurotransmission. Angiotensin receptors elicit disparate effects on intrarenal circulation. Angiotensin II–nitric oxide interactions are modulated by reactive oxygen species, as shown by angiotensin II type 1-mediated activation of superoxide and depression of antioxidant enzymes leading to reduced nitric oxide concentration – mechanisms that may be also important in angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. SummaryRecent studies show that angiotensin II stimulates the nitric oxide system via angiotensin II type 1 and angiotensin II type 2 receptors, whereas receptors exert different effects on renal and medullary flow. The interaction via angiotensin II type 1 is modulated by reactive oxygen species.
Paleoenvironmental Evolution of early Paleogene in the Sanshui Basin Indicated from Factor Analysis of Main Elements

In this paper, factor analysis are used to study the early Paleogene paleoenvironmental evolution from the Sanshui Basin, and main conclusions can be obtained as follows: stage I (89.0-73.0m), relatively dry and relatively low temperatures; stage II (73.0-52.5m), warm and humidity of the climate and environment; stage III (52.5-22.5m), the ancient climate conditions change quickly, showing the alternating warm and humidity and dry; stage IV (22.5-0m), prevailing warm and moist climatic conditions.
Trunk muscle exercises as a means of improving postural stability in people with Parkinson's disease: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Introduction Exercise has been shown to improve clinical measures of strength, balance and mobility, and in some cases, has improved symptoms of tremor and rigidity in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, to date, no research has examined whether improvements in trunk control can remedy deficits in dynamic postural stability in this population. The proposed randomised controlled trial aims to establish whether a 12-week exercise programme aimed at improving dynamic postural stability in people with PD; (1) is more effective than education; (2) is more effective when training frequency is increased; and (3) provides greater long-term benefits than education. Methods/design Forty-five community-dwelling individuals diagnosed with idiopathic PD with a falls history will be recruited. Participants will complete baseline assessments including tests of cognition, vision, disease severity, fear of falling, mobility and quality of life. Additionally, participants will complete a series of standing balance tasks to evaluate static postural stability, while dynamic postural control will be measured during walking using head and trunk-mounted three-dimensional accelerometers. Following baseline testing, participants will be randomly-assigned to one of three intervention groups, who will receive either exercise once per week, exercise 3 days/week, or education. Participants will repeat the same battery of tests conducted at baseline after the 12-week intervention and again following a further 12-week sustainability period. Discussion This study has the potential to show that low-intensity and progressive trunk exercises can provide a non-invasive and effective means for maintaining or improving postural stability for people with PD. Importantly, if the programme is noted to be effective, it could be easily performed by patients within their home environment or under the guidance of available allied health professionals. Trial registration number The protocol for this study is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12613001175763).
Optimal contracts for wind power producers in electricity markets

This paper is focused on optimal contracts for an independent wind power producer in conventional electricity markets. Starting with a simple model of the uncertainty in the production of power from a wind turbine farm and a model for the electric energy market, we derive analytical expressions for optimal contract size and corresponding expected optimal profit. We also address problems involving overproduction penalties, cost of reserves, and utility of additional sensor information. We obtain analytical expressions for marginal profits from investing in local generation and energy storage.
Ball Bearing Fault Detection Using Vibration Parameters

Bearing is an indispensible element of almost any rotating machinery. These bearings in due course of time undergo damage which may be confined to inner race, outer race, ball, cage, or all of these. Using various state of the art technologies like Vibration Analysis, Shock Pulse Method, and Acoustic Emission, these bearing faults can be identified, without dismantling the machine. Among all these vibrational analysis of bearing signature is a classical technique. This paper presents an experimental study of bearing vibration and application of FFT spectra as a smart tool for diagnosis and identification of bearing faults like inner race defect, outer race defect and ball defect. Keywords— Vibrational Signal, FFT spectra, Ball bearing, Ball defect, Inner race defect, Outer race defect.
Security Embedding Codes

This paper considers the problem of simultaneously communicating two messages, a high-security message and a low-security message, to a legitimate receiver, referred to as the security embedding problem. An information-theoretic formulation of the problem is presented. A coding scheme that combines rate splitting, superposition coding, nested binning, and channel prefixing is considered and is shown to achieve the secrecy capacity region of the channel in several scenarios. Specifying these results to both scalar and independent parallel Gaussian channels (under an average individual per-subchannel power constraint), it is shown that the high-security message can be embedded into the low-security message at full rate (as if the low-security message does not exist) without incurring any loss on the overall rate of communication (as if both messages are low-security messages). Extensions to the wiretap channel II setting of Ozarow and Wyner are also considered, where it is shown that "perfect" security embedding can be achieved by an encoder that uses a two-level coset code.
Semantic data access in an asymmetric mobile environment

The mobile environment is inherently asymmetric. To utilize the downstream bandwidth effectively, hot data items should be disseminated over the broadcast channel to the mobile clients. To equip clients with the ability to identify the nature of the broadcast and to determine the answerability of their queries, semantic descriptions are associated with information units in the broadcast, organized into data chunks. Based on the nature of data items received over the broadcast, clients can initiate appropriate requests to make up for the remaining items over the back channels in an on-demand basis. We investigation into several semantic-based algorithms to organize data chunks and compare their performance with traditional data item-based organization in the asymmetric environment.
A Nine-Valued Circuit Model for Test Generation

A nine-valued circuit model for test generation is introduced which takes care of multiple and repeated effects of a fault in sequential circuits. Using this model test sequences can be determined which allow multiple and repeated effects of faults on the internal state of a sequential circuit. Thus valid test sequences are derived where other known procedures, like the D-algorithm, do not find any test although one exists.
Current stressing effects on interfacial reaction characteristics of fine-pitch microbump

The electrical reliability of Cu/Sn-3.5Ag microbumps under current stressing conditions were systematically evaluated. Intermetallic compound (IMC) growth was controlled by a diffusion-dominant mechanism and a chemical reaction-dominant mechanism with annealing and current-stressing time, respectively. Under current stressing condition, Intermetallic compound growth was significantly enhanced by current stressing where the growth rate follows a linear relationship with stressing time. The complete consumption time of Sn phase in electromigration condition was faster than that in annealing condition. Kirkendall voids, which would be detrimental to the reliability of Cu pillar bump, was observed at both Cu pillar/Cu3Sn and Cu3Sn/Cu under bump metallization interfaces.
Lossless image compression using binary wavelet transform

A binary wavelet transform (BWT) has several distinct advantages over a real wavelet transform when applied to binary data. No quantisation distortion is introduced and the transform is completely invertible. Since all the operations involved are modulo-2 arithmetic, it is extremely fast. The outstanding qualities of the BWT make it suitable for binary image-processing applications. The BWT, originally designed for binary images, is extended to the lossless compression of grey-level images. An in-place implementation structure of the BWT is explored. Then, a simple embedded lossless BWT-based image-coding algorithm called progressive partitioning binary wavelet-tree coder (PPBWC) is proposed. The proposed algorithm is simple in concept and implementation, but achieves promising lossless compression efficiency as compared with the conventional bitplane scanning methods. Small alphabets in the arithmetic coding, non-causal adaptive context modelling and source division are the major factors that contribute to the gain of compression efficiency of the PPBWC. Experimental results show that the PPBWC outperforms most of other embedded coders in terms of coding efficiency.
Real-time assembly and disassembly of human RAD51 filaments on individual DNA molecules

The human DNA repair protein RAD51 is the crucial component of helical nucleoprotein filaments that drive homologous recombination. The molecular mechanistic details of how this structure facilitates the requisite DNA strand rearrangements are not known but must involve dynamic interactions between RAD51 and DNA. Here, we report the real-time kinetics of human RAD51 filament assembly and disassembly on individual molecules of both single- and double-stranded DNA, as measured using magnetic tweezers. The relative rates of nucleation and filament extension are such that the observed filament formation consists of multiple nucleation events that are in competition with each other. For varying concentration of RAD51, a Hill coefficient of 4.3 ± 0.5 is obtained for both nucleation and filament extension, indicating binding to dsDNA with a binding unit consisting of multiple (≥4) RAD51 monomers. We report Monte Carlo simulations that fit the (dis)assembly data very well. The results show that, surprisingly, human RAD51 does not form long continuous filaments on DNA. Instead each nucleoprotein filament consists of a string of many small filament patches that are only a few tens of monomers long. The high flexibility and dynamic nature of this arrangement is likely to facilitate strand exchange.
Diesel exhaust inhalation increases thrombus formation in man.

AIMS Although the mechanism is unclear, exposure to traffic-derived air pollution is a trigger for acute myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of diesel exhaust inhalation on platelet activation and thrombus formation in men. METHODS AND RESULTS In a double-blind randomized crossover study, 20 healthy volunteers were exposed to dilute diesel exhaust (350 microg/m(3)) and filtered air. Thrombus formation, coagulation, platelet activation, and inflammatory markers were measured at 2 and 6 h following exposure. Thrombus formation was measured using the Badimon ex vivo perfusion chamber. Platelet activation was assessed by flow cytometry. Compared with filtered air, diesel exhaust inhalation increased thrombus formation under low- and high-shear conditions by 24% [change in thrombus area 2229 microm(2), 95% confidence interval (CI) 1143-3315 microm(2), P = 0.0002] and 19% (change in thrombus area 2451 microm(2), 95% CI 1190-3712 microm(2), P = 0.0005), respectively. This increased thrombogenicity was seen at 2 and 6 h, using two different diesel engines and fuels. Diesel exhaust also increased platelet-neutrophil and platelet-monocyte aggregates by 52% (absolute change 6%, 95% CI 2-10%, P = 0.01) and 30% (absolute change 3%, 95% CI 0.2-7%, P = 0.03), respectively, at 2 h following exposure compared with filtered air. CONCLUSION Inhalation of diesel exhaust increases ex vivo thrombus formation and causes in vivo platelet activation in man. These findings provide a potential mechanism linking exposure to combustion-derived air pollution with the triggering of acute MI.