Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seer: Enabling Future-Aware Online Caching in Networked Systems

State-intensive network and distributed applications rely heavily on online caching heuristics for high performance. However, there remains a fundamental performance gap between online caching heuristics and the optimal offline caching al-gorithm due to the lack of visibility into future state access requests in an online setting. Driven by the observation that state access requests in network and distributed applications are often carried in incoming network packets, we present Seer, an online caching solution for networked systems, that exploits the delays experienced by a packet inside a network – most prominently, transmission and queuing delays – to no-tify in advance of future packet arrivals to the target network nodes (switches/routers/middleboxes/end-hosts) implementing caching. Using this as a building block, Seer presents the design of an online cache manager that leverages visibility into (partial) set of future state access requests to make smarter prefetching and cache eviction decisions. Our evaluations show that Seer achieves up to 65% lower cache miss ratio and up to 78% lower flow completion time compared to LRU for key network applications over realistic workloads.
Poster: Bypassing Control Invariants-Based Defenses in Autonomous Vehicles

—Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) have been increasingly attacked by hackers. However, the system security of AVs is of major importance, since any successful attack can lead to severe economic loss, equipment damage, or even loss of human life. A good security principle for evaluating new algorithms is to show that the proposal is resilient against a powerful adversary. So in this poster, we realize the worst type of of attacks, called stealthy attacks, against steering control system which is important to lateral control for AVs. The core of our proposed stealthy attacks is the use of Model Predictive Control (MPC), State-space Model (SSM), System Identification (SI) and Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) to allow attackers to accurately simulate system behavior-allowing them to perform undetectable attacks.
ISU ReD: Research and eData ISU ReD: Research and eData

This chapter considers the impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on the reality of educational administrators in U.S.-based institutions of education. Looking closely at 17 educational administrators from both K-12 systems and institutions of higher education, the authors come to a more comprehensive understanding of crisis leadership and its impact on equitable educational practices – both for students as well as for the administrators themselves. This chapter is based on a larger project the authors under-took to explore through narratives and photography the experiences of administrators during the global COVID-19 pandemic that began in early 2020. This chapter illustrates the ways that communication, support, and equitable solutions for the learning community are and are not well articulated by leaders. The authors close out this chapter with recommendations for educational leaders during times of crisis as well as for potential follow-up research
ISU ReD: Research and eData ISU ReD: Research and eData

What social forces shape the trajectory of novel, moralized forms of ﬁ nance such as social ﬁ nance, green ﬁ nance, or Islamic banking and ﬁ nance? More broadly, how do agents mobilize arguments and organize each other to create any form of ﬁ nancial innovation? This article addresses both questions by contributing an ethnography of a novel ﬁ nancial innovation pseudonymously named Sukuk Illumination, an internationally traded moral alternative to a corporate bond. This article ’ s ﬁ ndings both elaborate and subsume existing functionalist and critical explanations of ﬁ nancial innovation. The central argument is that we can better understand what causes ﬁ nancial innovation and the trajectory that new innovations take when we conceptualize each ﬁ nancial instrument as a polysemic cultural object materialized in legal contracts and institutionalized work practices and created by parties with asymmetric power to de ﬁ ne the new object. Financial innovation necessarily involves multiple parties in a ﬁ nancial service commodity chain with multivalent motivations co-producing and hotly debating interpretations of the prospective ﬁ nancial instrument while simultaneously creating, refashioning, and di ﬀ erentiating existing relationships with one another. Sukuk Illumination demonstrates both the potential and constraints for creating new moralized ﬁ nancial instruments and for transforming ﬁ nancial systems.
ISU ReD: Research and eData ISU ReD: Research and eData

Despite their importance in a wide variety of applications, the estimation of ionization cross sections for large molecules continues to present challenges for both experiment and theory. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have been shown to be an effective mechanism for estimating cross section data for atomic targets and a select number of molecular targets. We present an efficient ML model for predicting ionization cross sections for a broad array of molecular targets. Our model is a 3-layer neural network that is trained using published experimental datasets. There is minimal input to the network, making it widely applicable. We show that with training on as few as 10 molecular datasets, the network is able to predict the experimental cross sections of additional molecules with an accuracy similar to experimental uncertainties in existing data. As the number of training molecular datasets increased, the network’s predictions became more accurate and, in the worst case, were within 30% of accepted experimental values. In many cases, predictions were within 10% of accepted values. Using a network trained on datasets for 25 different molecules, we present predictions for an additional 27 molecules, including alkanes, alkenes, molecules with ring structures, and DNA nucleotide bases.
Sustainable Agriculture Production by Biomass Utilization Technology

Akihiko Kosugi holds a Doctorate degree in agriculture from Tokyo University of Agriculture (in Japan) and is a professor of the University of Tsukuba, Japan. His expertise is in the area of biomass utilization using microbial technology. He undertook postdoctoral research at the University of California, Davis. He joined JIRCAS in 2004 and is currently project leader of JIRCAS Asia Biomass project. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION BY BIOMASS UTILIZATION TECHNOLOGY
Discrete Choice and Rational Inattention: a General Equivalence

This paper establishes a general equivalence between discrete choice and rational inattention models. Matejka and McKay (2015, AER ) showed that when information costs are modelled using the Shannon entropy function, the resulting choice probabilities in the rational inattention model take the multinomial logit form. By exploiting convex-analytic properties of the discrete choice model, we show that when information costs are modelled using a class of generalized entropy functions, the choice probabilities in any rational inattention model are observationally equivalent to some additive random utility discrete choice model and vice versa. Thus any additive random utility model can be given an interpretation in terms of boundedly rational behavior. This includes empirically relevant speciﬁcations such as the probit and nested logit models.
Patients’ and Relatives’ Preferences for Outpatient and Day Care Services Within End-of-Life Care in Germany – A Discrete Choice Experiment

Purpose In Germany, patients with incurable chronic diseases living at home increasingly have the option of using outpatient and day care hospice and specialized palliative care services. The present study examined and compared patients’ and their relatives’ preferences for end-of-life outpatient and day care services. Patients and Methods The study used a questionnaire integrating a discrete choice experiment. For six scenarios, participants chose between two hypothetical end-of-life care offers, described by seven attributes. The model compared place of care, frequency and duration of care and support, specialized medical palliative care, accompanied activities, and relieving patient counselling. The model also included optional overnight care and willingness to pay. Patients and the relatives of patients suffering from incurable, chronic diseases who were not yet receiving palliative care were recruited via hospitals and self-help groups (06/2021–07/2022). Results The results were based on data from 436 questionnaires (patients: n=263, relatives: n=173). All attributes had a statistically significant impact on choice decisions, with place of care showing the greatest importance. All respondents highly preferred care in the patient’s home over out-of-home care. Patients stressed the importance of special medical (palliative) care and valued accompanied activities, often facilitated by hospice volunteers. Relatives, but not patients, considered the frequency and duration of care highly relevant. Conclusion The results suggest a higher demand for care in the patient’s home than for out-of-home care. Patients’ and relatives’ high preference for special medical care and the relief of family caregiver burden should be considered in the design of day care services.
Wujud Memayu Hayuning Bawana dalam Legenda Sendang Bulus Ponorogo

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan wujud falsafah Jawa memayu hayuning bawana dalam Legenda Sendang Bulus. Data diambil dari teks Kumpulan Cerita Rakyat Ponorogo yang dibaca secara heuristik dan hermeneutik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa wujud falsafah Jawa memayu hayuning bawana dalam Legenda Sendang Bulus menunjukkan upaya mencapai harmoni kosmos sebagai upaya mencapai ketentraman dan kedamaian yang bersifat holistik. Wujud falsafah Jawa tersebut ditemukan dalam empat arah sifat hubungan yaitu (1) hubungan antara manusia dan Tuhan yang diwujudkan dalam perilaku berdoa dan berserah diri;(2) hubungan antara manusia dengan dirinya sendiri dalam wujud aktivitas bertapa yang mengharuskan manusia mengendalikan hawa nafsunya dan memusatkan fokusnya kepada Tuhan; (3) hubungan antara manusia dengan sesama yang memuat perilaku mewujudkan ketentraman dan kedamaian bersama;serta (3) hubungan manusia dengan alam yang diwujudkan dalam bentuk menjaga kelestarian ekosistem maupun keragaman hayati dan non hayati yang ada di dalamnya.
ANALISIS DEFORMASI DINDING BASEMENT PADA SALAH SATU PROYEK DI SUDIRMAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE BACK ANALYSIS DARI HASIL MONITORING

Semakin sedikitnya lahan kosong dan pembangunan yang terus dilakukan membuat orientasi pembangunan bukan dilakukan secara horizontal lagi melainkan secara vertikal. Pembangunan vertikal ini tidak hanya dilakukan ke arah atas melainkan juga ke bawah dengan membangun basement menggunakan sistem galian dalam. Pada salah satu proyek di Sudirman, Jakarta, dilakukan pembangunan basement dengan kedalaman 23 meter dan menggunakan dinding penahan tanah jenis diaphragm wall dengan kedalaman 38 meter. Sebelum dilakukan pembangunan terlebih dahulu dilakukan analisis mengenai deformasi dinding yang akan terjadi. Namun hasil analisis desain menunjukkan nilai yang berbeda jauh dengan hasil pengamatan di lapangan saat galian mencapai dasarnya. Pada skripsi ini akan dilakukan analisis menggunakan Plaxis 2D untuk menemukan penyebab perbedaan ini dengan mempelajari pengaruh unloading dan reloading serta pengaruh pemasangan pondasi terhadap kekakuan tanah yang menyebabkan deformasi dinding penahan tanah menjadi lebih kecil daripada hasil analisis desain. Setelah dilakukan analisis akan diketahui besarnya pengaruh unloading dan reloading adalah sebesar 47,9452% serta pengaruh pemasangan pondasi adalah 52,0548% terhadap kesesuaian deformasi yang terjadi pada dinding penahan tanah.
Flowstrates++: An Approach to Visualize Multi-Dimensional OD Data

: Is it possible to visualize complex Origin-Destination (OD) data along with relevant spatio-temporal data? In this paper, we tackle this issue by presenting Flowstrates++, an augmented version of Flowstrates which aims to visualize additional time-series datasets linked with OD data. On top of Flowstrates’ heatmap, we designed a second heatmap for spatio-temporal data, synchronized on the temporal axis, as well as other dataset comparison features. Two versions of Flowstrates++ have been designed and implemented: Switch, that displays one external dataset at a time, and Combi (for ”combined”), that displays two external datasets at the same time. We aimed to assess to which extent both variants spur users into making multidimensional findings. To achieve this goal, we evaluated both variants with ninety participants: ten were pilot users in live remote sessions, and eighty were provided by Prolific.co, a crowd-sourcing platform. In a within-groups study, these participants were asked to take relevant annotations about the data on both variants, and to evaluate them through a survey. We then classified the annotations using a framework whose validity was evaluated with an Intercoder Agreement and Fleiss’ Kappa. We found that the Combi variant yielded consistently better results, both in terms of number of produced multidimensional annotations, and in terms of appreciation of the participants. Yet regardless of the variant, our solution allows users to highlight potential correlations between time-series data and temporal OD data.
Planting Geometry and Herbicides for Weed Control in Rice: Implications and Challenges

Weeds are one of the major biological threats to higher rice productivity worldwide. Various cultural, biological, physical and chemical practices affect the composition and intensity of weeds in rice fields. Generally, weeds can be controlled through herbicides; nevertheless, chemical weed control is not a sustainable option on a long term. Various agronomic practices such as the use of tolerant cultivars, adjusting sowing time, tillage permutations and plant geometry may reduce the weed pressure in rice. Integrated approaches for weed management, emphasizing on the combination of management practices and scientific knowledge, may reduce the economic costs and improve weed control owing to the complexity of the weed community. The present chapter reveals the role of planting geometry and herbicides as weed management strategies in rice, and discusses the issue of herbicide resistance associated with chemical weed control. Moreover, the research and knowledge gaps in rice weed management through planting geometry and herbicides were also highlighted.
Responses of Quasi 2 Day Waves in the MLT Region to the 2013 SSW Revealed by a Meteor Radar Chain

We present an analysis of the responses of quasi 2 day waves (QTDWs) to the 2013 sudden stratosphere warming (SSW) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. The study is based on data collected by a meteor radar chain along the 120°E meridian in the Northern Hemisphere which consists of four stations at Mohe (52.5°N, 122.3°E), Beijing (40.3°N, 116.2°E), Wuhan (30.5°N, 114.6°E), and Sanya (18.3°N, 109.6°E). It is the first time that an enhancement of the QTDW in the neutral wind during the 2013 SSW is observed in the midlatitudes in the Northern Hemisphere. During the SSW, the amplification of the QTDW in the low latitudes is the most prominent and the direction of the mean zonal wind shows clear reversion from eastward to westward. The consistent variations of the QTDWs and the mean neutral wind at the four stations are very likely associated with the SSW.
COMPARISON OF INJURY PREDICTORS AND KINEMATICS OF HUMAN BODY MODELS REPRESENTING AVERAGE FEMALE AND MALE ROAD USERS IN CAR CRASHES

Differences in injury risk between females and males are often reported in field data analysis. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in kinematics and injury risk between average female and male car occupants, pedestrians and cyclists, under well-controlled boundary conditions. Therefore, a simulation study comprising the newly introduced VIVA+ human body models was performed, representing the first model line-up consisting of average female and male models originating from the same base model. A generic vehicle interior, detailed seat models and a generic vehicle exterior were used to simulate crash scenarios close to those currently tested in consumer information tests. Differences in injury risks, load distribution and injury mechanisms were observed between the average female and male VIVA+ models for different load cases and body regions. While in some load cases, loading was more severe for the average female, opposite trends have also been observed. In order to understand trends observed in the field and to derive appropriate countermeasures, further variations in load cases and anthropometries should be considered in future work using the tools presented in this study.
Characterization of Pb Doped CdS Thin Film Fabricated by Spray Pyrolysis Deposition Technique

Undoped and Pb-doped CdS (Pb:CdS) thin films were prepared by a spray pyrolysis technique on glass substrates at 300C substrate temperature for different doping concentrations. The physical properties of the films were studied as a function of increasing lead dopant concentration. Structural, optical and electrical properties of these films have studied for photovoltaic applications. The structural and optical properties of the prepared films were characterized using XRD and UV-VIS spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that the samples have hexagonal crystal structure. The particle size of the crystallites was found to be in the range 2062 nm for CdS film. The optical properties of the Pb:CdSthin films have been studied at room temperature in wavelength range 400 nm to 1100 nm.The variation of energy band gap for the films with different doping concentrations was studied. The resistivity decreases with increase of the temperature which confirms semiconductor behavior and it depends on the doping concentrations.Hall measurements were done in air ambient at room temperatureand the samples are found n-type semiconductor.
EXPLORING HOW U.S. K-12 EDUCATION ADDRESSES PRIVACY LITERACY

As children grow up immersed in digital environments, scholars and policymakers emphasize the importance of helping children learn how to navigate privacy online. Prior work has found that educators recognize this need for privacy lessons but do not always feel equipped to teach them. Indeed, the term “privacy” has many meanings and the concept of privacy does not easily fit in a specific subject, intersecting with social studies, computer science, media literacy, digital literacy, and digital citizenship. Scholars have begun developing frameworks for privacy education, but such efforts will have a higher chance of success if they can be integrated into existing educational standards. Thus, in this study we are analyzing U.S. K-12 educational standards to understand whether and how they address privacy literacy. Our initial analysis has found that 44 of the 50 U.S. states have implemented educational standards related to privacy, largely as part of library, computer science, or social studies. The main privacy-related topics in state standards include being careful about posting information online and managing passwords. These preliminary findings suggest that while privacy is part of many state education standards, there are opportunities to help educators bring a more nuanced approach to privacy into their classrooms.
Using a Hydrologic Model to Assess the Performance of Regional Climate Models in a Semi-Arid Watershed in Brazil

This study assessed the impact of climate change on the hydrological regime of the Paraguaçu river basin, northeastern Brazil. Hydrological impact simulations were conducted using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for 2020–2040. Precipitation and surface air temperature projections from two Regional Climate Models (Eta-HadGEM2-ES and Eta-MIROC5) based on IPCC5—RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios were used as inputs after first applying two bias correction methods (linear scaling—LS and distribution mapping—DM). The analysis of the impact of climate change on streamflow was done by comparing the maximum, average and reference (Q90) flows of the simulated and observed streamflow records. This study found that both methods were able to correct the climate projection bias, but the DM method showed larger distortion when applied to future scenarios. Climate projections from the Eta-HadGEM2-ES (LS) model showed significant reductions of mean monthly streamflow for all time periods under both RCP 4.5 and 8.5. The Eta-MIROC5 (LS) model showed a lower reduction of the simulated mean monthly streamflow under RCP 4.5 and a decrease of streamflow under RCP 8.5, similar to the Eta-HadGEM2-ES model results. The results of this study provide information for guiding future water resource management in the Paraguaçu River Basin and show that the bias correction algorithm also plays a significant role when assessing climate model estimates and their applicability to hydrological modelling.
Evaluation of Approximate Reflectional Symmetry

: When an object can be split by a plane into two symmetrical parts, one being the mirrored image of the other, the object has a reflectional symmetry with respect to that plane. The symmetry is often only approximate and not necessarily global. Many algorithms exist for the detection of symmetries and there are various applications utilizing symmetrical properties. Yet there are not so many ways to measure the amount of approximate reflectional symmetry. In this paper, we introduce a method for the evaluation of approximate symmetry for objects represented as a point cloud. The method consists of three parts - a relative symmetry distance for measuring the amount of approximate reflectional symmetry, a plot of relative errors, and visualization of errors. This method offers a way how to compare different objects by the amount of symmetry and improves understanding of the symmetrical properties of objects, both quantitatively and visually.
A Case Study Based Slope Stability Analysis at Chittagong City, Bangladesh

Heavy rainfall occurs almost every year in Bangladesh and induces landslides in the hilly regions of this country. Among them the Chittagong City has the worst scenario―as there lives a dense population, extending from the plain lands to the hilly area. So, for risk mitigation and management in this landslide prone city, slope safety margin should be determined. From this context, this article presents factor of safety (FS) values in terms of landslide hazard at Chittagong city, based on geotechnical parameters and slope geometry. Thus a preliminary idea on the allowable stress for slope design could be made from this study. In total, 16 hazard sites of the 2007 and 2008, rainfall induced, landslides were examined as a case study along with subsequent collection of in situ soil samples of the failed slopes for geotechnical laboratory analysis. For FS calculation, the limit equilibrium method for infinite slopes was deployed along with the Cousins’ stability chart. FS values from 0.94 to 1.57 were found at the hazard sites. The results imply that FS value more than 1.57 should be used for slope safety margin. Moreover, from a probabilistic approach, the authors recommend FS > 1.80 as optimum value for the region. Furthermore, a relationship between slope height to slope length ratio, or slope angle and FS was established for this region for a quick calibration of FS value by simple on-field measurement of slope parameters. It is expected that this scenario based finding would contribute in mitigation of landslide hazard risk at the study area. Additionally, site specific FS values were presented in a map by color indexing. This research could ascertain the location wise slope strength requirement and be considered as a guideline for future calculation for slope safety design against rainfall triggered landslides in this city.