Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Note-Taking Skills of Middle School Students With and Without Learning Disabilities

For middle school students with learning disabilities (LD), one major component of learning in content area classes, such as science, involves listening to lectures and recording notes. Lecture learning and note-taking are critical skills for students to succeed in these classes. Despite the importance of note-taking skills, no research has been reported on the problems that school-age students with LD encounter when recording notes during science lectures. Using a sample size of 90 middle school students, the performance of students with LD was compared to students with no learning disabilities (NLD). Results found that students with LD performed significantly worse than students with NLD in terms of the type and amount of notes recorded and test performance.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Adding Clonidine, Chlorpromazine, Promethazine, and Midazolam to Morphine Pumps in Postoperative Pain Control of Addicted Patients

Background: Addicted patients present difficulties for pain management because they have another problem besides their pain. Adding adjuvants to opioid pumps to intensify quality, control other problems, lengthen analgesia, and reduce side effects has been considered in the field. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effects of adding clonidine, promethazine, chlorpromazine, and midazolam to morphine in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in orthopedic patients with addiction problems. Patients and Methods: 90 patients with histories of substance abuse were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomly divided into three groups. The first group received 20 mg of morphine sulfate +50 mg of chlorpromazine + 50 mg of promethazine +10 mg of midazolam (M20P). The second group received the first group’s regimen plus 150 micrograms of clonidine (M20PC). The third group received 40 mg of morphine sulfate (M40). A pump with a flow rate of 5 mL/h was chosen. Patients were evaluated every 12 hours, and VAS, VRS, extra opioid usage, nausea and vomiting, and sedation scores were recorded. Results: Patients’ nausea and vomiting and sedation scores were not statistically different between the three groups. Mean VAS and VRS scores were found to be statistically lower in the M20PC group than in the other groups. Extra opioid usage between the three groups was statistically lower in the M20PC group than in the other groups. The percentage of patients satisfaction was significantly higher in the M20PC group than in the other two groups. Conclusions: This study showed that, compared to simply increasing the dose of morphine, adding chloropromazine, promethazine, midazolam, and clinidine to morphine significantly controlled pain scores and increased treatment satisfaction in addicted patients without notable side effects.
Mycosphaerella is polyphyletic

Mycosphaerella, one of the largest genera of ascomycetes, encompasses several thousand species and has anamorphs residing in more than 30 form genera. Although previous phylogenetic studies based on the ITS rDNA locus supported the monophyly of the genus, DNA sequence data derived from the LSU gene distinguish several clades and families in what has hitherto been considered to represent the Mycosphaerellaceae. Several important leaf spotting and extremotolerant species need to be disposed to the genus Teratosphaeria, for which a new family, the Teratosphaeriaceae, is introduced. Other distinct clades represent the Schizothyriaceae, Davidiellaceae, Capnodiaceae, and the Mycosphaerellaceae. Within the two major clades, namely Teratosphaeriaceae and Mycosphaerellaceae, most anamorph genera are polyphyletic, and new anamorph concepts need to be derived to cope with dual nomenclature within the Mycosphaerella complex.
An Examination of the Humane Values Education Program on a Group of Science High School Students

The purpose of this study is to find out whether the humane values education program has produced any changes on the students’ level of humane values. The research was conducted with the first-and second-grade students in Konya Meram Science High School in the 2006-2007 academic year. Thirty students participated in the study. Half of the participants were assigned to the experimental group and the other half to the control group. The research period spans April & May. Having prepared the education program and the scale, the experimental and control groups were formed objectively. The experimental group, consisting of 15 students, was provided with the Humane Values Education Program lasting 14 sessions. Two sessions were held in a week. Statistical methods were used to balance the control and experimental group. The control group didn’t receive any program. Findings of the research can be summarized as follows: Between the pre-test and post-test of the experimental group, a significant difference can be seen in favor of the post- test. There is no such a difference for the control group. According to the post-test results of the control and experimental group, there are meaningful differences in favor of the experimental group in the sub-dimensions of responsibility, friendship, amiability, respect, honesty, and tolerance. Thus, these results show the effectiveness of the program presented. The sub-dimensions of the Humane Values Education Program given above show that this study is effective with regard to affective, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes. Suggestions are made in the light of the findings and it has been concluded that the program is effective in the development of secondary education students’ value acquisition.
Prior Information Biases Stimulus Representations during Vibrotactile Decision Making

Neurophysiological data suggest that the integration of prior information and incoming sensory evidence represents the neural basis of the decision-making process. Here, we aimed to identify the brain structures involved in the integration of prior information about the average magnitude of a stimulus set and current sensory evidence. Specifically, we investigated whether prior average information already biases vibrotactile decision making during stimulus perception and maintenance before the comparison process. For this purpose, we used a vibrotactile delayed discrimination task and fMRI. At the behavioral level, participants showed the time-order effect. This psychophysical phenomenon has been shown to result from the influence of prior information on the perception of and the memory for currently presented stimuli. Similarly, the fMRI signal reflected the integration of prior information about the average vibration frequency and the currently presented vibration frequency. During stimulus encoding, the fMRI signal in primary and secondary somatosensory (S2) cortex, thalamus, and ventral premotor cortex mirrored an integration process. During stimulus maintenance, only a region in the intraparietal sulcus showed this modulation by prior average information. Importantly, the fMRI signal in S2 and intraparietal sulcus correlated with individual differences in the degree to which participants integrated prior average information. This strongly suggests that these two regions play a pivotal role in the integration process. Taken together, these results support the notion that the integration of current sensory and prior average information is a major feature of how the human brain perceives, remembers, and judges magnitude stimuli.
Quantification and Evaluation of Infectivity of Shiga Toxin-Encoding Bacteriophages in Beef and Salad

ABSTRACT Stx bacteriophages in 68 samples of beef and salad were quantified by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Stx phages from the samples were propagated in Escherichia coli C600, E. coli O157:H7, and Shigella strains and further quantified. Fifty percent of the samples carried infectious Stx phages that were isolated from plaques generated by lysis.
The monoclonal antibody TER‐119 recognizes a molecule associated with glycophorin A and specifically marks the late stages of murine erythroid lineage

The antigen specificity of a rat monoclonal antibody TER‐119 was investigated. In adult mice, TER‐119 reacted with mature erythrocytes, 20–25% of bone marrow cells and 2–3% of spleen cells but not with thymocytes nor lymph node cells. In fetal haematopoietic tissues, 30–40% of d 10 yolk sac cells, 80–90% of d 14 fetal liver cells and 40–50% of newborn liver cells were reactive with TER‐119. TER‐119+ cells in adult bone marrow expressed significant levels of CD45 but not myeloid (Mac‐1, Gr‐1) or B‐cell (B220) markers. Morphological examination and haematopoietic colony‐forming assays for isolated TER‐119+ cells revealed that TER‐119 reacts with erythroid cells at differentiation stages from early proerythroblast to mature erythrocyte, but not with cells showing typical erythroid blast‐forming unit (BFU‐E) and erythroid colony‐forming unit (CFU‐E) activities. Erythroleukaemia cell lines do not express the TER‐119 antigen even after stimulation with dimethylsulphoxide. TER‐119 immunoprecipitated protein bands with molecular masses of 110 kDa, 60 kDa, 52 kDa and 32 kDa from erythrocyte membrane, whereas only a 52‐kDa band was detected by TER‐119 in Western blot analysis. Further molecular and cellular analyses indicated that the TER‐119 antigen is a molecule associated with cell‐surface glycophorin A but not with glycophorin A itself.
The Impact of Loss of Control on Movement BCIs

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are known to suffer from spontaneous changes in the brain activity. If changes in the mental state of the user are reflected in the brain signals used for control, the behavior of a BCI is directly influenced by these states. We investigate the influence of a state of loss of control in a variant of Pacman on the performance of BCIs based on motor control. To study the effect a temporal loss of control has on the BCI performance, BCI classifiers were trained on electroencephalography (EEG) recorded during the normal control condition, and the classification performance on segments of EEG from the normal and loss of control condition was compared. Classifiers based on event-related desynchronization unexpectedly performed significantly better during the loss of control condition; for the event-related potential classifiers there was no significant difference in performance.
Unexplained variation across US nursing homes in antipsychotic prescribing rates.

BACKGROUND Serious safety concerns related to the use of antipsychotics have not decreased the prescribing of these agents to nursing home (NH) residents. We assessed the extent to which resident clinical characteristics and institutional prescribing practice were associated with antipsychotic prescribing. METHODS Antipsychotic prescribing was assessed for a nationwide, cross-sectional population of 16 586 newly admitted NH residents in 2006. We computed facility-level antipsychotic rates based on the previous year's (2005) prescribing patterns. Poisson regressions with generalized estimating equations were used to identify the likelihood of resident-level antipsychotic medication use in 2006, given 2005 facility-level prescribing pattern and NH resident indication for antipsychotic therapy (psychosis, dementia, and behavioral disturbance). RESULTS More than 29% (n = 4818) of study residents received at least 1 antipsychotic medication in 2006. Of the antipsychotic medication users, 32% (n = 1545) had no identified clinical indication for this therapy. Residents entering NHs with the highest facility-level antipsychotic rates were 1.37 times more likely to receive antipsychotics relative to those entering the lowest prescribing rate NHs, after adjusting for potential clinical indications (risk ratio [RR], 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24-1.51). The elevated risk associated with facility-level prescribing rates was apparent for only NH residents with dementia but no psychosis (RR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.23-1.59) and residents without dementia or psychosis (RR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.24-1.91). CONCLUSIONS The NH antipsychotic prescribing rate was independently associated with the use of antipsychotics in NH residents. Future research is needed to determine why such a prescribing culture exists and whether it could result in adverse health consequences.
Rail-to-rail tunable CMOS V-I converter

A novel technique is proposed to achieve highly linear programmable voltage-to-current (V-I) converters over a rail-to-rail input range. It employs two passive resistors with one of their terminals tied to a very low impedance node to achieve an almost distortionless V-I conversion for rail-to-rail input signals. The resistor currents are conveyed to the output via programmable floating-gate MOS current mirrors that work in moderate inversion, thus achieving transconductance tuning in a wide range while preserving linearity in the rail-to-rail input range. Initial charge of the floating gates is removed during fabrication. An implementation fabricated in a 0.5-mum CMOS technology using a dual supply of plusmn1.5 V achieves a THD of -60 dB over a wide transconductance tuning range with differential input swings equal to the total supply voltage. The area and power consumption are 0.1 mm2 and 2.6 mW
Motivational Strategies for Young Professionals in the Human Services.

AUTHOR Cherniss, Cary TITLE Motivational Strategies for Young Professionals in the Human Services. PUB DATE 28 Aug 84 NOTE 26p. ; Paper presented in the sympcsium "New Approaches to Early Career Development: Solutions for Declining Motivation" at the Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association (92nd, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, August 24-28, 1984). PUB TYPE Speeches/Conference Papers (150) -Reports Research /Technical (143)
Effects of the cultural context of language on the cognitive performance of Black students.

Effects Of The Cultural Context Of Language On The Cognitive Performance Of Black Students (April 1977) Charlesetta Simpkins, B.A., California State University (Los Angeles) M.Ed., Harvard University Ed.D. , University of Massachusetts Directed by: Professor Ellis Oliin The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effects of the cultural context of language on the cognitive performance of Elack inner-city students. More specifically, this study was conducted to test the general hypothesis that when Black non-mainstream students (also referred to as inner-city students) are tested for their comprehension of reading materials in Standard American English, they WxU score significantly higher when the instructions for the -Lesson are presented in Black Vernacular than when the instruc uions are presented in Standard American English. From this general hypothesis the following specific, empirical hypotheses were generated: 1. When Black non-mainstream students are instructed in Black Vernacular on how to deduce the meaning of unfamilxax \,oxds and phrases from clues in reading material, they will score significant! }
Correlation Effects in Silicon Nanowire MOSFETs

We report a numerical study of the self-energy correction due to correlation effects from dynamic screening of the moving electron in silicon nanowire transistors. This many-body effect, which is not included in the usual Hartree approximation, is then incorporated self-consistently into a non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) code. The results pinpoint the importance of dielectric confinement whose magnitude can not be neglected compared to its quantum counterpart in ultimate nanowire transistors.
Inhibition of TCR triggering by a spectrum of altered peptide ligands suggests the mechanism for TCR antagonism

Understanding the parameters involved in T cell activation has been complicated by the discovery of partial T cell agonists. Altered peptide ligands (APL) have recently shown that different subsets of T cell responses can be selectively activated by certain peptides, which define a hierarchy of T cell activation. For cytotoxic T cells, this hierarchy ranges from sensitizing target cells for lysis through proliferation to effector cell induction. The degree of TCR down‐regulation mediated by APL‐MHC interactions correlates well with the induction of specific T cell effector functions. This suggests that the potential agonist response induced by a given peptide occurs at different triggering thresholds. To examine the relative agonist and antagonist functions of different peptides, we have investigated the ability of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein‐derived APL to induce or inhibit a range of effector functions in naive CD8+ T cells. By this, we have defined a hierarchy of peptides that display a range of properties from strong agonist to no agonist function. At each level, peptides that were ranked lower in this hierarchy were able to interfere or antagonize the induction of effector functions by higher ranking peptides. We have therefore shown that this spectrum of peptides ranging from strong to no agonist function has an inverse gradient from strong antagonist to no antagonist function. Moreover, the ability of the different peptides to inhibit TCR internalization correlated with their ranking within the hierarchy. These findings support the model that antagonists are effectively preventing TCR oligomerization and functional TCR triggering.
The Future of Tobacco-Control Research

Recent epidemiologic data on the stabilization of adult and youth smoking rates underscore the need for vigorous research across the cancer control spectrum on tobacco use interventions. The steady decline in adult rates of smoking has stalled for the first time in 8 years, and certain race, ethnic, and population groups are disproportionately at risk to tobacco-related cancers because of disparities in tobacco use or access to effective interventions. Although substantial progress has been made across levels of basic through applied research, tobacco-control research across the discovery and delivery continuum must be accelerated to further reduce the cancer burden. Following a brief review of the prevalence and trends affecting tobacco use initiation and cessation, we identify and describe four domains of extraordinary research opportunities: genetics and gene-environment interactions, bioinformatics and health informatics, disparities and disproportionate risk, and prevention and treatment. Evolutionary scientific changes, like rapidly advancing technology and emphasis on the paradigm of team science research approaches, provide both a challenge as well as unparalleled opportunities for scientific advancement and public health progress. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(6):1077–80)
Improving Search through Diversity

Adding diversity to symbolic search techniques has not been explored in artificial intelligence. Adding a diversity criterion provides us with a powerful new mechanism for finding global maxima in complex search spaces and helps to alleviate the problem of premature convergence to local maxima. A theoretical analysis is presented of issues in diversity searching which previously haven't been addressed, and a domain-independent diversity-search algorithm for practical breadth-first searching is developed. Empirical results of an implementation in the CRESUS expert system for intelligent cash-management confirm that diversity can significantly improve the solution quality of symbolic searchers.
Angiotensin A/Alamandine/MrgD Axis: Another Clue to Understanding Cardiovascular Pathophysiology

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a crucial role in cardiovascular regulations and its modulation is a challenging target for the vast majority of cardioprotective strategies. However, many biological effects of these drugs cannot be explained by the known mode of action. Our comprehension of the RAS is thus far from complete. The RAS represents an ingenious system of “checks and balances”. It incorporates vasoconstrictive, pro-proliferative, and pro-inflammatory compounds on one hand and molecules with opposing action on the other hand. The list of these molecules is still not definitive because new biological properties can be achieved by minor alteration of the molecular structure. The angiotensin A/alamandine-MrgD cascade associates the deleterious and protective branches of the RAS. Its identification provided a novel clue to the understanding of the RAS. Angiotensin A (Ang A) is positioned at the “crossroad” in this system since it either elicits direct vasoconstrictive and pro-proliferative actions or it is further metabolized to alamandine, triggering opposing effects. Alamandine, the central molecule of this cascade, can be generated both from the “deleterious” Ang A as well as from the “protective” angiotensin 1–7. This pathway modulates peripheral and central blood pressure regulation and cardiovascular remodeling. Further research will elucidate its interactions in cardiovascular pathophysiology and its possible therapeutic implications.
Dynamic equilibrium engagement of a polyvalent ligand with a single-site receptor

Intrinsically disordered proteins play critical but often poorly understood roles in mediating protein interactions. The interactions of disordered proteins studied to date typically entail structural stabilization, whether as a global disorder-to-order transition or minimal ordering of short linear motifs. The disordered cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor Sic1 interacts with a single site on its receptor Cdc4 only upon phosphorylation of its multiple dispersed CDK sites. The molecular basis for this multisite-dependent interaction with a single receptor site is not known. By NMR analysis, we show that multiple phosphorylated sites on Sic1 interact with Cdc4 in dynamic equilibrium with only local ordering around each site. Regardless of phosphorylation status, Sic1 exists in an intrinsically disordered state but is surprisingly compact with transient structure. The observation of this unusual binding mode between Sic1 and Cdc4 extends the understanding of protein interactions from predominantly static complexes to include dynamic ensembles of intrinsically disordered states.
Identifying and training non-technical skills for teams in acute medicine

The aviation domain provides a better analogy for the ”temporary” teams that are found in acute medical specialities than industrial or military teamwork research based on established teams. Crew resource management (CRM) training, which emphasises portable skills (for whatever crew a pilot is rostered to on a given flight), has been recognised to have potential application in medicine, especially for teams in the operating theatre, intensive care unit, and emergency room. Drawing on research from aviation psychology that produced the behavioural marker system NOTECHS for rating European pilots’ non-technical skills for teamwork on the flightdeck, this paper outlines the Anaesthetists Non-Technical Skills behavioural rating system for anaesthetists working in operating theatre teams. This taxonomy was used as the design basis for a training course, Crisis Avoidance Resource Management for Anaesthetists used to develop these skills, based in an operating theatre simulator. Further developments of this training programme for teams in emergency medicine are outlined.
COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREMS FOR COMPATIBLE AND SUBSEQUENTIALLY CONTINUOUS MAPPINGS IN MENGER SPACES

In this paper, we utilize the notions of compatibility and subsequentially continuity (alternately subcompatibility and reciprocally continuity) and prove common fixed pointtheorems in Menger spaces satisfying implicit relation. Some illustrative examples are also given which demonstrate the validity of our main results. We also present an integral-typecommon fixed point theorem for four mappings in Menger space.