Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WHICH STORY DO WE FOLLOW? 'CULTURE WARS' AND THE ISSUE OF PUBLIC MORALITY ON CANAAN'S SIDE OF THE JORDAN

In apartheid South Africa the issues of morality were quite clear and specific. In spite of the various attempts at justification or obfuscation it was clear that apartheid was wrong and the struggle for democracy was right. Other issues that might have come to the fore in a normal society were eclipsed by the apartheid story. In post-Apartheid, liberated, South Africa, the issues are not so clear. A multiplicity of stories from various segments of the society compete for the moral high ground. This has produced what JD Hunter called “culture wars” (1991) – that is, different groups expressing different sets of values that find their legitimating moral base in different meta-narratives. While Hunter describes only two for the American situation at least seven are discernible in contemporary South Africa. From myths that support the free market to those that sidestep the AIDS pandemic to those surrounding burgeoning witchcraft practices, the moral terrain is being contested by various groupings in the new society. What are the indications of the presence of these myths in the society? How are they being used to construct moral understandings of the society? Which worldviews are they assuming? What sorts of values are emanating from them? What impact are they having on our society?
Flow and Stock Effects of Large-Scale Treasury Purchases

Using a panel of daily CUSIP-level data, we study the effects of the Federal Reserve's program to purchase $300 billion of U.S. Treasury coupon securities announced and implemented during 2009. This program represented an unprecedented intervention in the Treasury market and thus allows us to shed light on the price elasticities and substitutability of Treasuries, preferred-habitat theories of the term structure, and the ability of large-scale asset purchases to reduce overall yields and improve market functioning. We find that each purchase operation, on average, caused a decline in yields in the sector purchased of 3.5 basis points on the days when these purchases occurred (the "flow effect" of the program). In addition, the program as a whole resulted in a persistent downward shift in the yield curve of as much as 50 basis points (the "stock effect"), with the largest impact in the 10- to 15-year sector. The coefficient patterns generally support a view of segmentation or imperfect substitution within the Treasury market.
Working in the Middle East: Western female expatriates' experiences in the United Arab Emirates

This study is about the experiences of Western female expatriates working in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), a Muslim Arab country in the Middle East. We reveal these expatriates' own interpretations of their adjustment, cross-cultural training (CCT) and social ties and support experiences. On the basis of a survey of 86 female expatriates from Australia, New Zealand, the UK and the USA and subsequent interviews with 26 of them, we find that Western women successfully adjust to life and work in the UAE despite significant cultural differences between their home countries and the UAE. Surprisingly, Western female expatriates do not find lengthy rigorous CCT critical to their assignments in this country. They see such training as an unjustified cost due to the fact that they rarely interact with host nationals and are much more frequently exposed to other Westerners and representatives of other cultures while undertaking their assignments. The large Western expatriate community is highly appreciated as the primary source of social ties and support for our respondents, whereas interacting with host country nationals is rather an exception and does not provide essential ties and support. Our findings have implications for multinational companies (MNCs) operating via expatriation in the UAE and for Western female expatriates who consider this country as their assignment destination.
Abnormal stock returns, for the event firm and its rivals, following the event firm's large one‐day stock price drop

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine intra-industry contagion and the following apparent violations of the efficient market hypothesis around large one-day price decline events in individual stocks. Design/methodology/approach - The paper examines daily stock returns around one-day price declines of 10 percent or more for event stocks and their rivals. Using techniques similar to those used in Bremer and Sweeney and Cox and Peterson, the paper includes event stocks whose prices are at least $10 per share prior to the event to reduce the possible price reversal induced by bid-ask price bounce. As is typical for the literature, the stock daily abnormal return (AR) is calculated as the difference between the actual daily stock return and the estimated stock return based on the market model estimated over a 200-trading-day pre-event period [-220, -21]. Cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) for each stock are formed by aggregating the individual daily stock ARs. Denoting the large price decline event day as day 0, we examine the ARs of 41 trading days [-20,+20], the CARs for the [+1,+3] period, and the CARs for the [+4,+20] period. Cross-sectional average ARs and CARs are calculated and tested for statistical significance. Furthermore, the paper examines whether the post-event abnormal stock returns for the event firm and its rivals can be explained by prior event firm and industry variables. Findings - On average, after an event, the event stock experiences a positive three-day AR (S&P 600 stocks) followed by a 17-day negative AR (both S&P 500 and 600 stocks). Moreover, for that 17-day period: the rivals' stocks outperform the event firms' stocks and the event firms' returns are statistically significantly related to prior variables. The paper also finds statistically significant relationships between the prior variables and the rivals' post-event stock returns. It provides an intra-industry effects explanation for these results. Originality/value - The paper offers insights into abnormal stock returns, for the event firm and its rivals, following the event firm's large one-day stock price drop.
Money and Growth: Some Old Theorems from a New Perspective*

This paper reconsiders the effect of the rate of monetary expansion on the real growth path of the economy. The analysis uses an overlapping-generations model with production and intergenerational bequests. The first objective is to define the set of necessary conditions under which money will be superneutral. These conditions are shown to be very restrictive. The second objective is to show that, if money is not superneutral, Tobin's original intuition on the subject, namely that a rise in the rate of monetary expansion raises the capital intensity, can be derived from an optimizing model under certain conditions.
Opportunities to work at home in the context of work‐life balance

Discussion of ‘work-life balance’ and ‘family-friendly’ employment is much in vogue among politicians and business leaders. Often, but not always, working at home is included within such practices. However, the concepts of work-life balance and family-friendly are commonly left ill-defined by researchers and policymakers alike. In this article we outline formal definitions of these terms, which place spatial issues - and hence working at home - at the heart of the debate. This leads us on to examine working at home through the theoretical lens offered by attempts to explain the rise of work-life balance arrangements. Twelve hypotheses emerge from the literature and are tested on the management data contained in the 1998 Workplace Employee Relations Survey or WERS98. Many of these hypotheses pass weak statistical tests but fail on stronger logistic regression tests. The article shows that the option to work at home is more likely to be available in the public sector, large establishments and work environments in which individuals are responsible for the quality of their own output. These workplaces are typically less unionised but not especially feminised.
Universal Framework for Wireless Scheduling Problems

An overarching issue in resource management of wireless networks is assessing their capacity: How much communication can be achieved in a network, utilizing all the tools available: power control, scheduling, routing, channel assignment and rate adjustment? We propose the first framework for approximation algorithms in the physical model that addresses these questions in full, including rate control. The approximations obtained are doubly logarithmic in the link length and rate diversity. Where previous bounds are known, this gives an exponential improvement. A key contribution is showing that the complex interference relationship of the physical model can be simplified into a novel type of amenable conflict graphs, at a small cost. We also show that the approximation obtained is provably the best possible for any conflict graph formulation.
Managing reward and risk of the newsboy problem with range information

Recently, the single-period, single-item newsboy problem for the case where demand distribution is limited (e.g., range, mean, mode, variance, symmetry) has been widely studied. However, the existing newsboy models with partial information are fit to risk-neutral inventory managers, and there are few studies about the risk analysis of the newsboy problems with partial information. This paper considers the newsboy problem with range information. Our approach employs the competitive ratio analysis which guarantees a certain performance level under all possible input sequences, and constructs a framework to manage risk and reward of newsboy problems under different forecasts (i.e., certain forecast, probability forecast and probability distribution). Comparing with the existing studies, this approach can help the newsboy choosing the optimal reward/risk order strategies with great flexibility, according to his/her own risk/reward tolerance levels and different forecasts.
Power, Innovation and Problem‐Solving: The Personnel Managers’ Three Steps to Heaven?

Legge's seminal book on personnel managers (Legge, 1978) identified ambiguities in their role, vicious circles that limited their power and possible strategies to improve their effectiveness. This paper explores how far the advent of human resource management has altered the circumstances in which they find themselves and how far it offers a new basis for power and influence. Analysis of interviews with 48 senior executives indicates that although there have been changes in features of the ambiguities and vicious circles, personnel managers have failed to overcome many of the problems identified by Legge 25 years earlier or to seize the opportunities outlined by Ulrich (1997) to become human resource champions. Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2004.
Facing the Elements: Analysing Trends in Antarctic Tourism

Purpose – Tourism in Antarctica is rapidly growing and diversifying, which raises concerns about its impacts and the robustness of the current regulatory regime. Focusing on the analysis of past developments and trends of Antarctic tourism, this paper aims to describe the future opportunities for tourism in Antarctica.Design/methodology/approach – Using literature on the recreation opportunity spectrum (ROS) and ecotourism opportunity spectrum (ECOS), the paper analyzes the future opportunities of Antarctic tourism and the key factors that determine the window of opportunity for Antarctic tour operators.Findings – The analysis shows that tourism opportunities in Antarctica are defined by a combination of factors, which the authors integrate into an Antarctic tourism opportunity spectrum (ATOS). The paper argues that the opportunity settings for tourism in Antarctica vary from operations of increasing scale and efficiency to the continued development of smaller scale niche products, both of which will cont.
The Economics of Real Superstars: The Market for Rock Concerts in the Material World

Beginning in 1997, the price of concert tickets took off and ticket sales declined. From 1996 to 2003, for example, the average concert price increased by 82%, while the CPI increased by 17%. Explanations for price growth include (1) the possible crowding out of the secondary ticket market, (2) rising superstar effects, (3) Baumols and Bowen's disease, (4) increased concentraion of promoters, and (5) the erosion of complementarities between concerts and album sales because of file sharing and CD copying. The article tentatively concludes that the decline in complementarities is the main cause of the recent surge in concert prices.
Comparison of in vivo effects of insulin-like growth factors I and II and of growth hormone in hypophysectomized rats.

Pure human IGF I (43 and 103 micrograms/day) and IGF II (131 micrograms/day) were infused into hypophysectomized rats during 6 days by means of sc implanted minipumps. Their effects on several growth indices were compared with those of various doses of sc infused human growth hormone. Growth hormone infusion produced a dose-dependent rise of endogenous rat IGF from 39 (without growth hormone) to 86 microU equivalents/ml (with 400 mU hGH/day) as determined by a competitive protein binding assay with a human IGF standard. In rats receiving the two doses of IGF I, total serum IGF levels rose to 83 and 99 microU equivalents/ml, respectively, in those receiving the IGF II dose the total serum IGF level rose to 146 microU equivalents/ml. These increases corresponded to steady state levels of 168 and 286 ng/ml of immunoreactive insulin-like growth factor (IR-IGF) I and 320 ng/ml of IR-IGF II. IGF I, but not IGF II led to an increase in body weight similar to that induced by the low doses of hGH (12.5 and 25 mU, respectively). The rise of endogenous rat IGF as well as the infused human IGF I and II caused a widening of the tibial epiphysis and an increase of the [3H]thymidine incorporation into costal cartilage. With respect to these two indices IGF II was clearly less potent that IGF I. When expressed in microU equivalents of the protein binding assay, endogenous rat IGF induced by hGH appeared to be relatively more effective than infused human IGF I or II. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Time for Fishing: Bargaining Power in the Swedish Baltic Cod Fishery

ABSTRACT Fishery regulations might not only affect the fleet, but also the relation between fisheries and downstream sectors on the ex-vessel market for fish products. This article estimates the price effects of management reform in the Swedish Baltic Sea cod fishery. In April 2011, as part of a reform process aimed at giving fishers more flexibility, vessels using active gear were given annual non-transferable catch quotas. We examine whether the new management system has altered the bargaining power between fishers and processors in the ex-vessel market for fish. Using a difference-in-differences estimation approach we find that postreform fishers improve their bargaining power and thus are paid a higher price. However, the price increase is small, amounting to around 2% of the pre-reform price. JEL Codes: D47, Q21, Q22.
The market-to-book value gap and the accounting fallacy

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to offer some advancing in the understanding of the market-to-book value (MBV) gap (or ratio) as the symptom and the metrics for intellectual capital (IC) value, and to discuss the major criticisms against it. The original contribution of the paper lies in developing the analysis of the meaning of the MBV from a theory-of-the-firm perspective. Such an approach is employed to shed light on the two sides of MBV: book and market values. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews research on MBV and the theory of the firm, employing a deductive approach that explores criticisms and advantages of the use of the MBV gap as the symptom and the metrics of IC according to a specific theory of the firm. Findings – The paper finds that the presumption that an “accounting fallacy” exists, which refers to the gap between market and book values, must be revised depending on the chosen theory of the firm. In fact, depending on the theory of the firm to which IC scholars refer, .
Inefficiency and heterogeneity in Turkish banking: 1990–2000

Recent studies have stressed the importance of privatization and openness to foreign competition for bank efficiency and economic growth. We study bank efficiency in Turkey, an emerging economy with great heterogeneity in bank types and ownership structures. Earlier studies of Turkish banking had three limitations: (i) excessive reliance on cost-function frontier analyses, wherein volume of loans is a measure of banking output; (ii) pooling all banks or imposing ad hoc heterogeneity assumptions; and (iii) lack of a comprehensive panel data set for proper analysis of productivity and heterogeneity. We use an estimation-classification procedure to find likelihood-driven classification of bank technologies in an 11-year panel. In addition, we augment traditional cost-frontier analysis with a labour-efficiency analysis. We conclude that state banks are not particularly inefficient overall, but that they do utilize labour inefficiently. This partially supports recent calls for privatization. We also conclude that special finance houses (or Islamic banks) utilize the same technology as conventional domestic banks, and do so relatively efficiently. This suggests that they do not cause harm to the financial system. Finally, we conclude that foreign banks utilize a different technology from domestic ones. This suggests that one should not overstate their value to the financial sector. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simplification of Protease Inhibitor-Containing Regimens with Efavirenz, Nevirapine or Abacavir: Safety and Efficacy Outcomes

Objective To describe the immunological and virological outcome, and the factors associated to discontinuation in patients switching to a regimen containing efavirenz (EFV), nevirapine (NVP) or abacavir (ABC) after long-term viral suppression under protease inhibitor-including HAART. Design Observational study at three outpatient clinics for HIV care in Italy. Methods Patients with HIV RNA <80 copies/ml and CD4 >200 cells/ml for at least 6 months on a protease inhibitor-containing treatment who switched to NVP, EFV or ABC were included in the study. End-points were immunological failure, virological failure and discontinuation due to toxicity. Survival analyses were performed to find out any independent variables predictive of reaching the end-points. Results 177 patients were enrolled; 85 started EFV, 54 NVP and 38 ABC as part of the simplification regimen. 16/159 patients experienced immunological failure: the variables associated to CD4 count decrease were HIV RNA set point value (HR 2.32 for each log10 copies more, P=0.040) and intolerance/toxicity as reason for simplification (HR 3.96, P=0.05). 13/151 subjects showed virological failure; an AIDS diagnosis (HR 6.04, P=0.021) and the use of NVP (HR 7.98, P=0.027) were associated to a worse virological outcome, while patients naive before HAART showed a lower risk of failure (HR 0.008, P=0.007). 16/177 patients discontinued simplification regimen due to toxicity; longer HAART duration before switch was associated to risk reduction (HR 0.92, P=0.004). Conclusions Simplification is safe and effective, but it should be offered to patients with shorter treatment duration, and in good clinical and immunovirological conditions.
Rates of Amortization of Advertising Expenditures

This article measures the effect of advertising expenditures on the firm's sales in three industries: beer, cigarettes, and new passenger cars. The annual rate of amortization of advertising expenditures was 40-50 percent for beer and 35-45 percent for cigarettes. The advertising effect is explained in these two nondurable industries by an exponential distributed lag model with two lagged variables--the firm's own advertising and that of its competitors. However, with respect to automobile, advertising increases current sales and this in return has a negative effect on future sales.
Understanding Information Technology Preadoption and Postadoption: An Integrated Process Model

Much of the prior information technology (IT) research has done to explain users' acceptance of initial IT. The first time adoption does not mean the IT continued use, so recent research has focused on IT postadoption behavior or continuance. The technology acceptance model (TAM) is recognized as an important theoretical model to interpret initial IT adoption behavior. Expectation confirmation theory (ECT) from the marketing literature is currently introduced to explain the IT postadoption behavior. However, IT adoption should be regarded as a process model rather than a static model at two separate time points. This paper examines and compares two models in explaining IT preadoption and postadoption stage, then suggests an integrated process model derived from them. The proposed process model was empirically tested in the context of Chinese students. The objective of the paper is to suggest future research directions for explaining IT adoption.
Not All Cues Are Created Equal: The Conditional Impact of Female Candidates on Political Engagement

Over the past several decades women's lives in the public sphere have increased dramatically, providing women with more political resources than they have ever had before. Yet the gap between men and women's level of political engagement in a number of key areas of political life has persisted. This suggests that political or contextual factors, rather than resources or socialization, may be key in understanding these differences. One contextual factor that may be important to female political engagement is competitive female candidates. The hypothesis that visible and competitive women matter to female citizens is tested by examining the relationship between various political attitudes and behaviors and the presence (or absence) of a viable statewide female candidate. The models indicate that there is overwhelming support for the hypothesis that women citizens in states with competitive and visible female candidates increase their political engagement. These results suggest that descriptive representatio.
The Politics of the 1969 Somali Coup

In the lives of nations, as of men, reputations all too often achieve their widest currency when they are already out of date. The Somali Republic is no exception to this general rule. Although the real circumstances had already significantly altered before the military brusquely seized power in October 1969, Somalia was still generally known for democracy at home and trouble abroad. The first of these characterisations referred to the striking persistance of a vigorous and effective multi-party parliamentary system, and the second to the seemingly uniquely intractable nature of the ‘Somali Dispute’ which committed the Republic to supporting the secessionist claims of the contiguous Somali populations of Kenya, Ethiopia, and French Somaliland, at the price of severely strained relations with these neighbouring states. These and other attributes unusual amongst the new states of sub-Saharan Africa appeared to be closely connected with the Republic's exuberant sense of national identity, a quality all the more remarkable in being firmly grounded in a long-standing and entirely traditional cultural nationalism.
P3RPQ: Pregel-Based Parallel Provenance-Aware Regular Path Query Processing on Large RDF Graphs

This paper proposes a novel method for answering Pregel-based Parallel Provenance-aware Regular Path Queries (P3RPQ) on large RDF graphs. Our method is developed using the Pregel framework, which utilizes Glushkov automata to keep track of the matching process of RPQs in parallel. Meanwhile, four optimization strategies are devised, which can reduce the response time of the basic algorithm dramatically and overcome the counting paths problem to some extent. The experiments are conducted to verify the performance of our algorithms on both synthetic and real-world datasets.