Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Throughput: A Key Performance Measure of Content-Defined Chunking Algorithms

Data deduplication techniques are often used by cloud storage systems to reduce network bandwidth and storage requirements. As a consequence, the current research literature tends to focus most of its algorithmic efforts on improving the Duplicate Elimination Ratio (DER), which reflects the compression achieved using a given algorithm. Yet, the importance of this indicator tends to be overestimated, while another key indicator, namely throughput, tends to be underestimated. To substantiate this claim, we reimplement a selection of popular Content-Defined Chunking algorithms (CDC) and perform a detailed performance analysis. On this basis, we show that the gain brought by algorithms that are aggressively focusing on DER often come at a significant cost in terms of throughput. As a consequence, we advocate for future optimizations taking throughput into account and for making balanced tradeoffs between DER and throughput.
Changes of The Uterine Tissue in Rats with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Induced by Estradiol Valerate

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal disorders that can lead to irregular menstrual cycles and hyperandrogenism. Reduced levels of progesterone and increased estrogen in these women can perpetually stimulate the endometrial tissue of the uterus. In this study, we assess the effect of PCOS induction by estradiol valerate (EV) in a rat model. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, adult female Wistar rats that weighed approximately 200 g were divided into control, sham, and experimental groups (n=6 per group). The experimental group received subcutaneous injections of 2 mg EV for induction of PCOS. We confirmed the presence of PCOS in the experimental group rats. Rats from all groups were subsequently killed, after which their uteri were removed and fixed for histological and cytological analyses. The uterine tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and iron hematoxylin (iron-H). We examined epithelium height, thickness of the uterus wall, and frequency of the mitotic cells. The data were assessed at α=0.05. Results Uterine tissue findings from the experimental group showed significant increases in the height of the uterus luminal epithelium, the thickness of the uterus wall, and the frequency of eosinophils in the endometrial stroma. We observed an increased frequency of mitotic cells in the experimental group in both luminal and glandular epithelia of the uterus. An increased rate of the glandular epithelium region was noticeable and significant. Conclusion Induction of PCOS by EV could change the proliferation rate in the endo- metrial tissue of the uterus.
Dark play as a misrecognized need for redistributing (digital) goods: An example from an egalitarian society

This article contextualizes the dark sides of play from a cultural-historical perspective using Fraser’s theory of social justice based on the concepts of recognition and redistribution. Through a micro-ethnographic analysis of a kindergarten’s daily life and play situations between 2 five-year-old girls, the article describes the dark play from a societal perspective (increasing economic and, thereby, digital inequalities), institutional perspective (the Norwegian kindergarten’s pedagogy of recognition) and individual perspective (the children’s motives to redistribute (digital) goods). The girls described in the article represent radically different backgrounds, but they attend the same kindergarten located in a disadvantaged neighbourhood in a large city in Norway. Insight into their play and their kindergarten’s daily routines provides knowledge about institutional recognition practices that maintain existing inequalities, as well as the children’s motives, which are anchored in the modus of redistribution. The misrecognized redistribution motives lead to activities of compensation and revenge performed in play situations.
CD271 Defines a Stem Cell-Like Population in Hypopharyngeal Cancer

Cancer stem cells contribute to the malignant phenotypes of a variety of cancers, but markers to identify human hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) stem cells remain poorly understood. Here, we report that the CD271+ population sorted from xenotransplanted HPCs possesses an enhanced tumor-initiating capability in immunodeficient mice. Tumors generated from the CD271+ cells contained both CD271+ and CD271− cells, indicating that the population could undergo differentiation. Immunohistological analyses of the tumors revealed that the CD271+ cells localized to a perivascular niche near CD34+ vasculature, to invasive fronts, and to the basal layer. In accordance with these characteristics, a stemness marker, Nanog, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are implicated in cancer invasion, were significantly up-regulated in the CD271+ compared to the CD271− cell population. Furthermore, using primary HPC specimens, we demonstrated that high CD271 expression was correlated with a poor prognosis for patients. Taken together, our findings indicate that CD271 is a novel marker for HPC stem-like cells and for HPC prognosis.
Synthesis and implementation of active mode power gating circuits

Active leakage current is much larger (~10×) than standby leakage current, and takes a large proportion (30% to 40%) of active power consumption. Active mode power gating (AMPG) has been proposed to extend the application of basic power gating to reducing active leakage; it relies on clock-gating signals to cut the power off a part of combinational gates. The problem to select those gates while integrity of circuit behavior remains intact has not been solved yet. We identify three constraints to solve this problem, namely functional, timing, and current constraints. The problem of synthesizing AMPG circuits is then laid out, and synthesis algorithm is proposed; a group of gates that can be power-gated by each clock-gating signal and the size of footer that is attached to the group constitute a synthesis output. The layout methodology for standard cell designs is proposed to assess AMPG circuits in area and wirelength. Experiments in 1.1 V, 45-nm technology demonstrate that active leakage is reduced by 16% on average compared to clock-gated circuits.
Social-ecological vulnerability : from assessment to action

La science et la pratique contemporaines en matiere de gestion durable des ressources naturelles vivantes doivent prendre en compte la complexite des systemes socio-ecologiques et tirer profit des recentes avancees theoriques et appliquees realisees dans diverses disciplines. Cela peut notamment etre effectue en integrant cette connaissance approfondie dans la gestion et la prise de decision par le biais de cadres integratifs et operationnels. Sur la base de cas d'etudes contrastes, mais complementaires (peche lagonaire recifale a Moorea, en Polynesie francaise; peche benthique artisanale au Chili; et systemes alimentaires globaux), et en s'appuyant sur le developpement recent des sciences socio-ecologiques, nous avons etendu l'utilisation du concept de vulnerabilite socio-ecologique pour (1) cartographier les interdependances entre l’Homme et la nature dans le contexte des interactions pecheur-ressource, (2) integrer la dimension temporelle, (3) tenir compte de multiples facteurs de changement et de (4) leur impact sur diverses entites du systeme considere. Ce travail interdisciplinaire a servi de fondement a la representation des liens cles dans les systemes socio-ecologiques, a la comprehension des sources sous-jacentes de non-durabilite et a l'etablissement d'un ensemble de mesures de gestion ciblees et contextuelles. Cette these fournit une nouvelle perspective sur les liens entre l'homme et la nature et possede un certain nombre d'implications pratiques pour les gestionnaires, les planificateurs de la conservation et les decideurs qui cherchent a integrer une perspective socio-ecologique pour aborder les problemes de gestion des ressources.
On Wavelet Decomposition over Finite Fields

This paper introduces some foundations of wavelets over Galois fields. Standard orthogonal finite-field wavelets (FF-Wavelets) including FF-Haar and FF-Daubechies are derived. Non-orthogonal FF-wavelets such as B-spline over GF(p) are also considered. A few examples of multiresolution analysis over Finite fields are presented showing how to perform Laplacian pyramid filtering of finite block lengths sequences. An application of FF-wavelets to design spread-spectrum sequences is presented.
ON THE EXTERNAL BRANCHES OF COALESCENT PROCESSES WITH MULTIPLE COLLISIONS WITH AN EMPHASIS ON THE BOLTHAUSEN-SZNITMAN COA- LESCENT

A recursion for the joint moments of the external branch lengths for coalescents with multiple collisions (-coalescents) is provided. This recursion is used to derive asymptotic expansions as the sample size n tends to infinity for the moments of the total external branch length of the Bolthausen‐Sznitman coalescent. The proof is based on an elementary dierence method. An alternative dierential equation method is developed which can be used to obtain exact solutions for the joint moments of the external branch lengths for the Bolthausen‐Sznitman coalescent. The results for example show that the lengths of two randomly chosen external branches are positively correlated for the Bolthausen‐Sznitman coalescent, whereas they are negatively correlated for the Kingman coalescent provided that n 4.
Markers of Oxidative Stress and Neuroprogression in Depression Disorder

Major depression is multifactorial disorder with high prevalence and alarming prognostic in the nearest 15 years. Several mechanisms of depression are known. Neurotransmitters imbalance and imbalance between neuroprogressive and neuroprotective factors are observed in major depression. Depression is accompanied by inflammatory responses of the organism and consequent elevation of proinflammatory cytokines and increased lipid peroxidation are described in literature. Neuropsychiatric disorders including major depression are also associated with telomerase shortening, oxidative changes in nucleotides, and polymorphisms in several genes connected to metabolism of reactive oxygen species. Mitochondrion dysfunction is directly associated with increasing levels of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays significant role in pathophysiology of major depression via actions of free radicals, nonradical molecules, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Products of oxidative stress represent important parameters for measuring and predicting of depression status as well as for determining effectiveness of administrated antidepressants. Positive effect of micronutrients, vitamins, and antioxidants in depression treatment is also reviewed.
A lecture on Kac--Moody Lie algebras of the arithmetic type

We name an indecomposable symmetrizable generalized Cartan matrix $A$ and the corresponding Kac--Moody Lie algebra ${\goth g} ^\prime (A)$ {\it of the arithmetic type} if for any $\beta \in Q$ with $(\beta | \beta)<0$ there exist $n(\beta )\in {\Bbb N}$ and an imaginary root $\alpha \in \Delta^{im}$ such that $n(\beta )\beta \equiv \alpha \mod Ker\ (.|.)$ on $Q$. Here $Q$ is the root lattice. This generalizes "symmetrizable hyperbolic" type of Kac and Moody. We show that generalized Cartan matrices of the arithmetic type are divided in $4$ types: (a) finite, (b) affine, (c) rank two, and (d) arithmetic hyperbolic type. The last type is very closely related with arithmetic groups generated by reflections in hyperbolic spaces with the field of definition $\Bbb Q$. We apply results of the author and \'E.B. Vinberg on arithmetic groups generated by reflections in hyperbolic spaces to describe generalized Cartan matrices of the arithmetic hyperbolic type and to show that there exists a finite set of series of the generalized Cartan matrices of the arithmetic hyperbolic type. For the symmetric case all these series are known.
Prosody and focus in speech to infants and adults

Two studies investigated adults' use of prosodic emphasis to mark focused words in speech to infants and adults. In Experiment 1,18 mothers told a story to a 14-month-old infant and to an adult, using a picture book in which 6 target items were the focus of attention. Prosodic emphasis was measured both acoustically and subjectively In speech to infants, mothers consistently positioned focused words on exaggerated pitch peaks in utterance-final position, whereas in speech to adults prosodic emphasis was more variable. In Experiment 2,12 women taught another adult an assembly procedure involving familiar and novel terminology. In both studies, stressed words in adultdirected speech rarely coincided with pitch peaks. However, in infant-directed speech, mothers regularly used pitch prominence to convey primary stress. The use of exaggerated pitch peaks at the ends of utterances to mark focused words may facilitate speech processing for the infant. Research on features of early linguistic experiences that influence language acquisition has begun to explore the role of prosody in providing the infant with acoustic cues to linguistic structure in the speech waveform. Faced with the problem of discovering the linguistically relevant units in continuous speech, the preverbal infant may take advantage of prosodic features that are regularly correlated with such units as words, phrases, and clauses. According to some versions of this "prosodic bootstrapping hypothesis" (e.g., Gleitman & Wanner, 1982; Morgan & Newport, 1981), infants can exploit the prosodic cues routinely available in spoken English to infer the correct units of analysis for the language without requiring special prosodic modifications in maternal speech. Other evidence suggests that the characteristic exaggeration of prosodic cues in infant-directed speech may indeed be useful to the infant in partitioning the speech stream. When speaking to infants, mothers use more exaggerated vowel lengthening to mark both phrase boundaries (Morgan, 1986) and clause boundaries (Bernstein Ratner, 1986) than when speaking to adults. The finding that infants are sensitive to clause boundaries in infantdirected but not in adult-directe d speech (Kemler-Nelson, Hirsh-Pasek, Jusczyk, & Cassidy, 1989) suggests that the exaggerated prosody typical of mothers' speech (e.g., Fernald & Simon, 1984) increases the salience of acoustic cues to linguistic structure for the preverbal infant. This recent interest in the usefulness of prosody to infants who are learning language has focused mainly on how prosodic cues reveal phrase and clause structure. The focus on syntactic rather than lexical units is not surprising, given that most current theories of language acquisition take for granted the
A latent tensor factorization framework for non-negative convolutive models

Convolutive models emerge in various domains such as acoustics, image processing or seismic sciences. In this work, we investigate the convolutive models and the related deconvolution problems in a latent tensor factorization framework. We decrease the computational complexity of the inference scheme by utilizing the Fast Fourier Transform. We also demonstrate how this framework can be used in image deblurring and in more complex models like Non-Negative Matrix Factor Deconvolution (NMFD) model.
Efficiency improvement of a SiC-MOSFET 500 kHz ZVS inverter

In order to further increase power density of residential PV inverter, a Zero-Voltage Switching (ZVS) full-bridge inverter with increased switching frequency of 500 kHz is investigated. According to the loss model, the loss distribution of the ZVS inverter is analyzed. In order to maintain high efficiency at 500 kHz switching frequency, resonant inductor design, optimized modulation of the ZVS inverter and layout are discussed. The main results are verified on a 1.5kW ZVS inverter prototype with 500 kHz switching frequency.
Dual-band rotary standing wave voltage-controlled oscillator for fiber lasers in microwave generation

This paper introduces a dual-band rotary standing-wave oscillator (RSWO) that generate sinusoidal signals by formation of a standing wave on a ring (closed-loop) distributed composite right/left-handed (CRL) LC transmission line (t-line) network for fiber lasers application in microwave signal generation from a free running mode-locked Er-fiber laser. The LC network consists of four unit cells of CRL LC resonator stacked in series, and two pairs of cross-coupled transistors are used to compensate for the loss of LC resonator. Varactors are used as the control to switch on/off the high or low-frequency bands. In the fundamental mode, the RSWO operates at the high-frequency band. In the harmonic mode, the oscillator provides low-frequency band outputs. The dual-band function exploits the multiple oscillation modes of the CRL RSWO. The proposed RSWO has been implemented with the TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology.
Small RNA and Degradome Sequencing Reveal Complex Roles of miRNAs and Their Targets in Developing Wheat Grains

Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play critical roles in plant development. In this study, we employed small RNA combined with degradome sequencing to survey development-related miRNAs and their validated targets during wheat grain development. A total of 186 known miRNAs and 37 novel miRNAs were identified in four small RNA libraries. Moreover, a miRNA-like long hairpin locus was first identified to produce 21~22-nt phased siRNAs that act in trans to cleave target mRNAs. A comparison of the miRNAomes revealed that 55 miRNA families were differentially expressed during the grain development. Predicted and validated targets of these development-related miRNAs are involved in different cellular responses and metabolic processes including cell proliferation, auxin signaling, nutrient metabolism and gene expression. This study provides insight into the complex roles of miRNAs and their targets in regulating wheat grain development.
Do Maintainers Utilize Deployed Design Patterns Effectively?

One claimed benefit of deploying design patterns is facilitating maintainers to perform anticipated changes. However, it is not at all obvious that the relevant design patterns deployed in software will invariably be utilized for the changes. Moreover, we observe that many well-known design patterns consist of three types of programming elements (called participants), and that performing an anticipated change typically entails multiple tasks related to different types of participants. This paper studies empirically whether maintainers utilize deployed design patterns, and when they do, which tasks they more commonly perform. Our experiments show that almost all subjects perform the task of adding new concrete participants, fewer perform the tasks involving clients, whereas even fewer perform the tasks involving abstract participants. Furthermore, utilizing deployed design patterns (by performing whichever of the corresponding tasks) is found to be statistically associated with the delivery of less faulty codes.
Circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA in serum of patients with lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung: a potential surrogate marker for monitoring disease.

PURPOSE The purpose of this work was to study the sera of patients with lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) of the lung for circulating EBV DNA. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Prospectively collected serum samples from five female patients with advanced, inoperable LELC of the lung were measured for free circulating EBV DNA using a quantitative PCR technique. EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER)-1 was assayed in serial serum samples of three of the five patients, either from the start or during the initial phase of chemotherapy/radiotherapy until their terminal event or last follow-up. There was only a single-point sample for analysis in the fourth and fifth patients. Six other patients with LELC of the lung were also retrospectively identified, and their sera were tested for EBER-1 at either the first visit plus the last follow-up visit (n = 2), the first visit only (n = 2), or the last follow-up visit only (n = 2). RESULTS Prospectively collected serum samples from five patients and retrospectively collected serum samples from two patients who had clinical disease at initial serum measurement showed detectable levels of EBER-1. Retrospectively collected serum samples from four patients with no clinical disease had negative sera. There is consistent correlation between the clinical response to treatment and subsequent clinical course of LELC and serum EBER-1 levels in the three prospective patients with longitudinal serum monitoring. CONCLUSIONS This study shows for the first time that free EBV DNA can be detected in the serum of patients with LELC of the lung and further suggests the feasibility of its use for monitoring response to therapy in advanced cases.
Place Brand Authenticity in Social Media Interaction: a Postmodern Perspective

This essay aims to demystify the postmodern perspective on social media interaction in developing place brand authenticity. It is a reflective study that relies on a structure review approach. The findings denote that (1) place brand authenticity which emerges as the brand image of a place is derived from the content of the shared value in the social media sphere, where control of shaping place brand authenticity is in the hands of members of the public; (2) sustaining place brand authenticity can only be established by the producer through retaining a form of shared value, which is formed by members of the public in the social media sphere. Overall, this study offers a way of examining place brand authenticity development in the postmodern era and raises suggestions for further empirical study to test the framework and its perspectives.
Infants recognize identity in a dynamic facial animation that simultaneously changes its identity and expression

ABSTRACT Recognition of facial identity and facial expression have been reported to be correlated. Previous studies using static facial photographs reported that identity recognition was not interfered by task-irrelevant change of facial expression but that expression recognition was interfered by task-irrelevant change of facial identity. In this study, we created dynamic morphing animations that simultaneously changes facial identity and expression to investigate the interaction between identity and expression recognition. We tested 7 –8-month-old infants who were around the age at which the recognition of facial expression develops. Using the familiarization–novelty preference procedure, we examined whether infants could learn identity and facial expression from morphing animation. We found that infants learned identity but not expression from the morphing animation. Our results demonstrate that the interaction between identity and expression occurs differently in infancy than in adults when both the dimension of facial identity and the expression vary simultaneously.