Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multivariable Intelligent Decoupling Control System and its Applicationi

Many industrial processes have compositive complexities including multivariable, strong coupling, nonlinearity, time-variant and operating condition variations. Combining multivariable adaptive decoupling control with neural networks, this paper presents a multivariable neural networkbased decoupling control algorithm. This control algorithm is integrated with distributed control technique and intelligent control technique, and a three-leveled intelligent decoupling control system consisting of basic control level, coordinating control level, and management and decision level is developed. The configuration and function of the control system are discussed in detail. This system has been successfully applied in ball mill pulverizing systems of 200MW power units, and remarkable benefits have been obtained.
Approaches for Reduced-Order Modeling of Electrically Actuated von-Karman Microplates

This article presents and compares different approaches to develop reduced order models for the nonlinear von-Karman rectangular microplates actuated by nonlinear electrostatic forces. The reduced-order models aim to investigate the static and dynamic behavior of the plate under small and large actuation forces. A fully clamped microplate is considered. Different types of basis functions are used in conjunction with the Galerkin method to discretize the governing equations. First we investigate the convergence with the number of modes retained in the model. Then for validation purpose, a comparison of the static results is made with the results calculated by a nonlinear finite element model. The linear eigenvalue problem for the plate under the electrostatic force is solved for a wide range of voltages up to pull-in. Results among the various reduced-order modes are compared and are also validated by comparing to results of the finite-element model. Further, the reduced order models are employed to capture the forced dynamic response of the microplate under small and large vibration amplitudes. Comparison of the different approaches are made for this case.
Design of an 8x Four-group Inner-focus Zoom System Using a Focus Tunable Lens

This study presents an 8x four-group inner-focus zoom lens with one-moving group for a compact camera by use of a focus tunable lens (FTL). In the initial design stage, we obtained the powers of lens groups by paraxial design based on thin lens theory, and then set up the zoom system composed of four lens modules. Instead of numerically analytic analysis for the zoom locus, we suggest simple analysis for that using lens modules optimized. After replacing four groups with equivalent thick lens modules, the power of the fourth group, which includes a focus tunable lens, is designed to be changed to fix the image plane at all positions. From this design process, we can realize an 8x four-group zoom system having one moving group by employing a focus tunable lens. The final designed zoom lens has focal lengths of 4 mm to 32 mm and apertures of F/3.5 to F/4.5 at wide and tele positions, respectively.
Geometric Integrators with Application To Hamiltonian Systems

Geometric numerical integration is a relatively new area of numerical analysis. The aim is to preserve the geometric properties of the flow of a differential equation such as symplecticity or reversibility. A conventional numerical integrator approximates the flow of the continuous-time equations using only the information about the vector field, ignoring the physical laws and the properties of the original trajectory. In this way, small inaccuracies accumulated over long periods of time will significantly diminish the operational lifespan of such discrete solutions. Geometric integrators, on the other hand, are built in a way that preserve the structure of continuous dynamics, so maintaining the qualitative behaviour of the exact flow even for long-time integration. The aim of this thesis is to design efficient geometric integrators for Hamiltonian systems and to illustrate their effectiveness. These methods are implicit for general (non-separable) Hamiltonian systems making them difficult to implement. However, We show that explicit integrators are possible in some cases. Both geometric and nongeometric integration methods are applied to several problems, then We do a comparison between these methods, in order to determine which of those quantities are preserved better by these methods. In particular, We develop explicit integrators for a special case of the restricted 3-body problem known as Hill’s problem.
dS/dS and $T\bar T$

The $T\bar T$ deformation of a conformal field theory has a dual description as a cutoff $AdS_3$ spacetime, at least at the level of pure 3d gravity. We generalize this deformation in such a way that it builds up a patch of bulk $dS_3$ spacetime instead. At each step along the trajectory in the space of $2d$ theories, the theory is deformed by a specific combination of $T\bar T$ and the two-dimensional cosmological constant. This provides a concrete holographic dual for the warped throat on the gravity side of the dS/dS duality, at leading order in large central charge. We also analyze a sequence of excitations of this throat on both sides of the duality, as well as the entanglement entropy. Our results point toward a mechanism for obtaining de Sitter solutions starting from seed conformal field theories with AdS duals.
On planning, prediction and knowledge transfer in fully and partially observable markov decision processes

uncertainty in large systems. The formalisms used to study this problem are fully and partially observable Markov Decision Processes (MDPs and POMDPs, respectively). The first contribution of this dissertation is a theoretical analysis of the behavior of POMDPs when only subsets of the observation set are used. One of these subsets is used to update the agent's state estimate, while the other subset contains observations the agent is interested in predicting and/or optimizing. The behaviors are formalized as three types of equivalence relations. The first groups states based on their values under optimal or general policies; the second groups states according to their ability to predict observations sequences; the third type is based on bisimulation, which is a well known equivalence relation borrowed from concurrency theory. Bisimulation relations can be generalized to bisimulation metrics. This dissertation introduces bisimulation metrics for an MDP with temporally extended actions (formalized as options) and proposes a new bisimulation metric that provides a tighter bound on the difference in optimal values. A new proof is provided for the convergence of an approximation method for computing bisimulation metrics that is based on statistical sampling, using only a finite number of samples. The new proof allows one to determine the minimum number of samples needed in order to achieve the desired quality of approximation with high probability. Although bisimulation metrics have been previously used for state space compression, this dissertation proposes using them to transfer policies from one MDP to another. In contrast to existing transfer work, the mapping between the two systems is determined automatically by means of the bisimulation metrics. Theoretical results are provided that bound the loss in optimality incurred by the transferred policy. A number of algorithms are introduced which are evaluated empirically in the context of planning and learning.
Pricing and Hedging Multiasset Spread Options Using a Three-Dimensional Fourier Cosine Series Expansion Method

The aim of this paper is to show the bene fit of applying a three-dimensional Fourier cosine series expansion method in order to price and hedge multi-asset spread options. The approach consists of approximating the probability density function by its Fourier cosine series expansion in a truncated domain. The Fourier coefficients associated with the payoff function are then approximated via the so-called discrete cosine transform. The main advantage associated with the numerical approach proposed in this paper is the level of accuracy reached with respect to the Monte Carlo simulation, not only for the option price but especially for the most important Greeks, namely deltas and gammas. This is not the case for the other approaches available in the literature. Our numerical examples show that the three-dimensional cosine series method can be seen as an alternative pricing technique, which can deal with multi-asset option problems of medium-sized dimensionality. The main contribution of our work is a concrete application of the Fourier cosine series expansion method to option problems whose dimension is higher than two.
87.04 When is n a member of a Pythagorean triple?

87.04 When is n a member of a Pythagorean triple? Pythagoras' theorem is perhaps the best-known result in the whole of mathematics, yet many things remain unknown (or perhaps just unstudied) about the consequences of this 'simple' theorem. In this article we investigate which numbers can be part of triples such as {3, 4, 5} and {5, 12, 13}—right-angled triangles with integer sides. Perhaps the most interesting results concern instances where a number is a member of a triple in which none of the members have a common factor. In this case any odd number > 1 and any multiple > 4 of 4 is the shortest side of some such triangle while an odd number is the middle side if, and only if, it can be written as xy (x and v co-prime) where v < x < (l + \ll)y. Similarly, an even number is the middle side if, and only if, it can be written as 2xy where x and y satisfy the inequality above, are co-prime and are of opposite parity. On the other hand, a number can be the hypotenuse if, and only if, all of its prime factors are of the form 4k + 1.
Antikaons in infinite nuclear matter and nuclei

The present work deals with antikaons and hyperons in cold nuclear matter and nuclei. The antikaon spectral function and the in-medium antikaon-nucleon scattering amplitudes are determined within a self-consistent and covariant many-body approach, which is based on a relativistic meson-nucleon free-space interaction, complying with chiral SU(3)-symmetry. The antikaon-nucleon inteaction at low and intermediate energies is remarkably complex due to different hyperon resonances in the vicinity of the antikaon-nucleon threshold. The effects of nuclear saturation are explored by means of scalar and vector mean-fields for the nucleons. A novel renormalization scheme avoids the occurence of divergencies as well as kinematical singularities. Furthermore a numerically advantageous angular average approximation is inspected critically, which satisfactorily reproduces the antikaon spectral function and s-wave scattering amplitudes. Considering nucleon mean-fields the width of the antikaon spectral function is reduced significantly. The properties of the hyperon resonances and in particular the Lambda(1405) are affected only moderately by the nucleon mean-fields, with the exception of the Lambda(1520), which almost completely dissolves at nuclear saturation density. The Lambda(1405) is attracted by about 30 MeV and the Sigma(1385) by about 40 MeV. The data of the exotic kaonic atoms provide a meaningful benchmark for the antikaon-nucleon interaction up to saturation density. However, up to now the data could not be described by a microscopic theory. In the second part of this work we present a non-local approach to kaonic atoms, which comprises non-local contributions to the antikaon self-energy. The latter non-local corrections are caused by the momentum and density dependence of the antikaon-nucleon scattering amplitudes as well as the finite size of the nuclei. The energy eigenvalues of the atomic levels of the kaonic atoms are calculated from the Klein-Gordon equation, which includes a non-local optical potential based of the non-local antikaon self-energy. First results are obtained for Carbon. We observe strong implications from a non-local treatment of kaonic atoms, which suggest further investigations based on an improved many-body theory.
Top‐predator carrion is scary: Fight‐and‐flight responses of wild boars to wolf carcasses

Abstract Predation risk largely constrains prey behavior. However, whether predators may be scary also after death remains unexplored. Here, we describe the “fight‐and‐flight” responses of a prey, the wild boar (Sus scrofa), to carcasses of (a) its main predator, the gray wolf (Canis lupus) and (b) a carnivore that very rarely kills wild boars, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), in the western Alps (Italy). We recorded the behavior of wild boars at 10 wolf and 9 fox carcass sites. We found eight “fight‐and‐flight” responses toward wolf carcasses, and none toward fox carcasses. Our results suggest that carnivore carcasses may indeed be scary; fear responses toward them are dependent on the species to which the carcass belongs; and animals approaching the carcasses are feared mainly when the latter are relatively fresh. This emphasizes the multiple and complex roles that carrion plays in the landscape of fear and opens exciting ecological, epidemiological, and evolutionary research avenues.
miR-34a regulates macrophage-associated inflammation and angiogenesis in alcohol-induced liver injury

Background: Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a syndrome of progressive inflammatory liver injury and vascular remodeling associated with long-term heavy intake of ethanol. Elevated miR-34a expression, macrophage activation, and liver angiogenesis in ALD and their correlation with the degree of inflammation and fibrosis have been reported. The current study aims to characterize the functional role of miR-34a-regulated macrophage- associated angiogenesis during ALD. Methods & Results: We identified that knockout of miR-34a in 5 weeks of ethanol-fed mice significantly decreased the total liver histopathology score and miR-34a expression, along with the inhibited liver inflammation and angiogenesis by reduced macrophage infiltration and CD31/VEGF-A expression. Treatment of murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) with lipopolysaccharide (20 ng/mL) for 24 h significantly increased miR-34a expression, along with the enhanced M1/M2 phenotype changes and reduced Sirt1 expression. Silencing of miR-34a significantly increased oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in ethanol treated macrophages, and decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of M1 phenotypes in cultured macrophages by upregulation of Sirt1. Furthermore, the expressions of miR-34a and its target Sirt1, macrophage polarization, and angiogenic phenotypes were significantly altered in isolated macrophages from ethanol-fed mouse liver specimens compared to controls. TLR4/miR-34a knockout mice and miR-34a Morpho/AS treated mice displayed less sensitivity to alcohol-associated injury, along with the enhanced Sirt1 and M2 markers in isolated macrophages, as well as reduced angiogenesis and hepatic expressions of inflammation markers MPO, LY6G, CXCL1, and CXCL2. Conclusion: Our results show that miR-34a-mediated Sirt1 signaling in macrophages is essential for steatohepatitis and angiogenesis during alcohol-induced liver injury. These findings provide new insight into the function of microRNA-regulated liver inflammation and angiogenesis and the implications for reversing steatohepatitis with potential therapeutic benefits in human alcohol-associated liver diseases.
Knowledge Gaps in Anesthetic Gas Utilization in a Large Academic Hospital System: A Multicenter Survey

Inhaled anesthetics account for a significant portion of the greenhouse gases generated by perioperative services within the healthcare systems. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify knowledge gaps and practice patterns related to carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbents and intraoperative delivery of fresh gas flows (FGF) for future sustainability endeavors. Secondary aims focused on differences in these knowledge gaps based on the level of training. Surveys were distributed at five large academic medical centers. In addition to site-specific CO2 absorbent use and practice volume and experience, respondents at each institution were queried about individual practice with FGF rates during anesthetic maintenance as well as the cost-effectiveness and environmental impact of different volatile anesthetics. Results were stratified and analyzed by the level of training. In total, 368 (44% physicians, 30% residents, and 26% nurse anesthetists) respondents completed surveys. Seventy-six percent of respondents were unaware or unsure about which type of CO2 absorbent was in use at their hospital. Fifty-nine percent and 48% of respondents used sevoflurane and desflurane with FGF ≥1 L/min, respectively. Most participants identified desflurane as the agent with the greatest environmental impact (89.9%) and a greater proportion of anesthesiologists correctly identified isoflurane as a cost-effective anesthetic (78.3%, p=0.02). Knowledge gaps about in-use CO2 absorbent and optimal FGF usage were identified within the anesthesia care team. Educational initiatives to increase awareness about the carbon emissions from anesthesia and newer CO2 absorbents will impact the environmental and economic cost per case and align anesthesia providers toward healthcare decarbonization.
An OMA1 redox site controls mitochondrial homeostasis, sarcoma growth, and immunogenicity

This work describes how a mutation affecting mitochondrial metabolism in a sarcoma model induces protective immunity against the tumor and how this result might be relevant for sarcoma patients. Aggressive tumors often display mitochondrial dysfunction. Upon oxidative stress, mitochondria undergo fission through OMA1-mediated cleavage of the fusion effector OPA1. In yeast, a redox-sensing switch participates in OMA1 activation. 3D modeling of OMA1 comforted the notion that cysteine 403 might participate in a similar sensor in mammalian cells. Using prime editing, we developed a mouse sarcoma cell line in which OMA1 cysteine 403 was mutated in alanine. Mutant cells showed impaired mitochondrial responses to stress including ATP production, reduced fission, resistance to apoptosis, and enhanced mitochondrial DNA release. This mutation prevented tumor development in immunocompetent, but not nude or cDC1 dendritic cell–deficient, mice. These cells prime CD8+ lymphocytes that accumulate in mutant tumors, whereas their depletion delays tumor control. Thus, OMA1 inactivation increased the development of anti-tumor immunity. Patients with complex genomic soft tissue sarcoma showed variations in the level of OMA1 and OPA1 transcripts. High expression of OPA1 in primary tumors was associated with shorter metastasis-free survival after surgery, and low expression of OPA1, with anti-tumor immune signatures. Targeting OMA1 activity may enhance sarcoma immunogenicity.
Patient safety culture in nurses’ clinical practice

Abstract Objective: to assess the psychometric characteristics of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture, to characterize the patient safety culture, and to assess the influence of the sociodemographic and professional variables on the safety culture dimensions. Method: a methodological, observational, analytical and cross-sectional study conducted with 360 nurses in which the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire was used. The data were submitted to descriptive and inferential analysis, as well as to feasibility and validity studies. Results: the nurses’ mean age is 42 years old, their mean time of professional experience is 19 years, and they are mostly female. Good internal consistency was obtained (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.83), as well as acceptable model fit quality indices. Teamwork within units, Supervisor expectations and Feedback and communication about errors were the dimensions that obtained scores above 60%. Non-punitive response to error, Frequency of events reported, Support for patient safety and Staffing presented scores below 40%. These dimensions are influenced by age, schooling level and professional experience. Conclusion: the psychometric properties of the questionnaire certify its good quality. Teamwork can be considered as an enhancing factor for the safety culture. Assessing the safety culture allowed identifying problematic dimensions, thus enabling planning of future interventions.
Localization of Periodic Orbits of Polynomial Sprott Systems with One or Two Quadratic Monomials

The paper concerns a localization of periodic orbits of 19 polynomial Sprott systems containing one or two quadratic monomials. The semispace localization of periodic orbits is obtained in many cases. Conditions of localization of all periodic orbits in some algebraic surfaces are established for the Sprott systems G; J; Κ and P.
Observed versus Simulated Second-Moment Climate Statistics in GCM Verification

Abstract The observed and simulated (by the Hamburg GCM) Northern Hemisphere monthly surface air temperatures, averaged within different latitude bands, are statistically analyzed and compared. The objects used for the analysis are the two-dimensional spatial–temporal spectral and correlation characteristics, the multivariate autoregressive and linear regression model parameters, and the diffusion equation coefficients. A qualitative comparison shows that, generally, the shapes of the corresponding spectra and correlation functions are quite similar but that their numerical values and some features differ markedly, especially for the tropical regions. The spectra reveal a few randomly distributed maxima (along the frequency axis), the periods of which were not identical for both types of data. A comparative study of the estimates of the diffusion equation coefficients shows a significant distinction between the character of the meridional circulations of the observed and simulated systems. The approach de.
Severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a risk factor for developing hypertension from prehypertension

Abstract Background: There is little published evidence about the role of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the progression from prehypertension to hypertension. This study was conducted to investigate the association of NAFLD and its severity with the risk of hypertension developing from prehypertension. Methods: The study cohort comprised 25,433 participants from the Kailuan study with prehypertension at baseline; those with excessive alcohol consumption and other liver diseases were excluded. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography and stratified as mild, moderate, or severe. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident hypertension according to the presence and 3 categories of severity of NAFLD. Results: During a median of 12.6 years of follow-up, 10,638 participants progressed to hypertension from prehypertension. After adjusting for multiple risk factors, patients with prehypertension and NAFLD had a 15% higher risk of incident hypertension than those without NAFLD (HR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.10–1.21). Moreover, the severity of NAFLD was associated with the incidence of hypertension, which was higher in patients with more severe NAFLD (HR = 1.15 [95% CI 1.10–1.21] in the mild NAFLD group; HR = 1.15 [95% CI 1.07–1.24] in the moderate NAFLD group; and HR = 1.20 [95% CI 1.03–1.41] in the severe NAFLD group). Subgroup analysis indicated that age and baseline systolic blood pressure may modify this association. Conclusions: NAFLD is an independent risk factor for hypertension in patients with prehypertension. The risk of incident hypertension increases with the severity of NAFLD.