Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using a latent variable approach to measure the quality of English NHS hospitals

The provision of performance information is essential for ensuring and improving the performance of health care systems. However, the lack of reliable quality information is a key problem in evaluating and improving health care. This paper estimates the performance of English NHS Acute Trusts using Dr. Foster data from the years 1996 – 2008 to investigate health outcomes after elective treatment for Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and Hip Replacement. A latent variable approach is used to calculate the hospital quality effect in determining short and long term mortality and readmission rates for each year. These measures are then used to compare current and past quality of care within and across NHS Acute Trusts. Our results support that this method is well suited to measuring provider quality of care. Using these quality measures we are able to investigate the performance of NHS Acute Trusts across this time period and identify hospitals where further scrutiny of low quality is required in the future.
A Definitional Metalanguage for Explanatory Combinatorial Lexicography

How are lexical senses described? One can identify two main families of sense descriptions on the basis of their relation to word meaning: word paraphrases vs. word interpretations. The first family can itself be subdivided into three main subfamilies, according to the formal nature of sense descriptions. 1. Word paraphrases 1.1. " Standard " lexicographic definitions are, roughly speaking, linguistic paraphrases of individual word senses. Thanks to their relatively controlled structure (use of a " defining vocabulary "), the LDOCE's definitions (Longman, 2003) may claim to be one of the most representative example of this approach to sense description. 1.2. Analytical definitions are more formal descriptions of senses, to be used in the scientific study of language semantics. Such definitions (like the previous ones) find their origin in Aristotle's theory of concept definition and are used in " theoretical " dictionaries such as (Wierzbicka, 1987) or (Mel' č uk et al. 1.3. Logical definitions are, so to speak, translation of word senses into logical formulas, usually based on some form of predicate calculus (Dowty, 1979), or graphical encoding of logical configurations (conceptual graph à la Sowa, etc.). Feature-value matrices are formal descriptions tailored for unification, rather paraphrase processes. They can be based on simple sets of binary features (Pottier, 1974) or be based on richer, logic-based feature systems (Pustejovsky, 1998). We will present an approach to sense description that is somehow intermediary between analytical definitions and feature-value matrices (1.2 and 2 above). It has been developed in the process of translating the Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary (ECD) definitions into a semantic database of French lexical meanings. The defining language we propose can function as some sort of " pseudo-code " for both reasoning on word senses and formally encoding their description in a machine-readable format. This new approach to sense description is applied to the construction of the BDéf database (Altman and Polguère, 2003) and is presently used for two types of research: 1) exploration of how lexical function relations (semantic derivations and collocational links) can be hooked up to semantic components of definitions, and 2) identification and modeling of regular patterns of polysemy. In order to illustrate our approach in this short abstract, we will look at two senses of the French vocable MAISON (Eng. HOUSE or HOME). There is no entry for MAISON in the published ECDs. However, MAISON is accounted for in the DiCo database of French collocations …
Bronchodilatory effect of deep inspiration is absent in subjects with mild COPD.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the bronchodilatory effect of deep inspiration is impaired in subjects with COPD. METHODS We measured deep inspiration-induced bronchodilation in 19 patients with COPD and 17 healthy subjects (mean age, 67.8 +/- 7.1 years vs 62.5 +/- 9.3 years, respectively [+/- SEM]). Each subject underwent a series of single-dose methacholine provocations to induce at least a 15% reduction in inspiratory vital capacity (IVC). When this was achieved, subjects were asked to perform four consecutive deep inspirations, after which the IVC measurement was repeated and the percentage of bronchodilation by deep inspiration was calculated. RESULTS The percentage of reduction in IVC from baseline prior to the deep inspirations did not differ between the two groups (COPD, 20.1 +/- 1.6%; healthy, 22.7 +/- 2.4%; p = 0.38); median single methacholine doses employed were 20 mg/mL (range, 0.025 to 75 mg/mL) and 25 mg/mL (range, 10 to 75 mg/mL), respectively (p = 0.19). Deep inspirations were not able to reverse bronchoconstriction in patients with COPD (bronchodilation, 3.9 +/- 2.6%; p = 0.15 by one-sample t test). Bronchodilation by deep inspiration was present in healthy subjects (13.7 +/- 3.0%, p = 0.0003), and was significantly higher than that of patient with COPD (p = 0.02). In patients with COPD, deep inspiration-induced bronchodilation correlated with the percentage of predicted transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide (r = 0.53, p = 0.05), but not with airway obstruction, as assessed by FEV(1) or FEV(1)/FVC. CONCLUSIONS The bronchodilatory ability of deep inspiration is lost in mild COPD. We speculate that the absence of deep inspiration-induced bronchodilation contributes to the development and severity of chronic respiratory symptoms in patients with COPD.
Input Variables Selection of Artificial Neural Network Using Mutual Information

Input variable selection is one of the various techniques for improving the performance of artificial neural network. In this study, mutual information is applied for input variable selection technique instead of correlation coefficient that is widely used. Among 152 variables of RDAPS (Regional Data Assimilation and Prediction System) output results, input variables for artificial neural network are chosen by computing mutual information between rainfall records and RDAPS` variables. At first the rainfall forecast variable of RDAPS result, namely APCP, is included as input variable and the other input variables are selected according to the rank of mutual information and correlation coefficient. The input variables using mutual information are usually those variables about wind velocity such as D300, U925, etc. Several statistical error estimates show that the result from mutual information is generally more accurate than those from the previous research and correlation coefficient. In addition, the artificial neural network using input variables computed by mutual information can effectively reduce the relative errors corresponding to the high rainfall events.
An automatic Semantic Web Service composition approach based on PDDL

In this paper, against the problem of composing Semantic Web Services using AI planner, we proposed an algorithm that translates OWL-S process models to the PDDL actions. After this work, we can choose the most suitable AI planner to compose Web services. The algorithm presented in this paper is an attempted and exploratory work, so there is some shortage in it. The reality that PDDL does not support iteration construct does restrict the ability of express, while some planners have be restricted by this behavior, such as HTN. We will explore PDDL to support this function, either by existing constructs or by developing new construct.
Neural sensorimotor primitives for vision-controlled flying robots

Vision-based control of aerial robots adds the challenge of visual sensing on top of the basic control problems. Here we pursue the approach of using sensor-coupled motion primitives in order to tie together both the sensor and motor components of flying robots to leverage sensorimotor interaction in a fundamental manner. We also consider the temporal scale over which autonomy is to be achieved. Longer term autonomy requires significant adaptive capacity of the respective control structures. We investigate linear combinations of some nonlinear network activity for the generation of motor output and ultimately, behaviour. In particular we are interested in how such networks can be set up to autonomously learn a desired behaviour. For that, we are looking at bootstrapping of motor primitives. The contribution of this work is a neurally inspired architecture for the representation of sensorimotor primitives capable of online learning on a flying robot.
The Bile Acid Receptor GPBAR-1 (TGR5) Modulates Integrity of Intestinal Barrier and Immune Response to Experimental Colitis

Background GP-BAR1, a member G protein coupled receptor superfamily, is a cell surface bile acid-activated receptor highly expressed in the ileum and colon. In monocytes, ligation of GP-BAR1 by secondary bile acids results in a cAMP-dependent attenuation of cytokine generation. Aims To investigate the role GP-BAR1 in regulating intestinal homeostasis and inflammation-driven immune dysfunction in rodent models of colitis. Methods Colitis was induced in wild type and GP-BAR1−/− mice by DSS and TNBS administration. Potential GP-BAR1 agonists were identified by in silico screening and computational docking studies. Results GP-BAR1−/− mice develop an abnormal morphology of colonic mucous cells and an altered molecular architecture of epithelial tight junctions with increased expression and abnormal subcellular distribution of zonulin 1 resulting in increased intestinal permeability and susceptibility to develop severe colitis in response to DSS at early stage of life. By in silico screening and docking studies we identified ciprofloxacin as a GP-BAR1 ligand. In monocytes, ciprofloxacin increases cAMP concentrations and attenuates TNFα release induced by TLR4 ligation in a GP-BAR1 dependent manner. Treating mice rendered colitic by TNBS with ciprofloxacin and oleanolic acid, a well characterized GP-BAR1 ligand, abrogates signs and symptoms of colitis. Colonic expression of GP-BAR1 mRNA increases in rodent models of colitis and tissues from Crohn's disease patients. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrates that ≈90% of CD14+ cells isolated from the lamina propria of TNBS-treated mice stained positively for GP-BAR1. Conclusions GP-BAR1 regulates intestinal barrier structure. Its expression increases in rodent models of colitis and Crohn's disease. Ciprofloxacin is a GP-BAR1 ligand.
Fault Attack on the MIST Algorithm and Countermeasure

Fault attack is the very effective way to attack RSA cryptosystem, especially when it is implemented on embedded devices. Moreover, the fault attack methods become more and more advance, and there are some fault attacks on RSA public elements in recent years. Among publish attacks, Brier et al.'s attack make people to think that it is necessary to protect RSA public elements. In this paper, we introduce Brier et al.'s attack to attack MIST algorithm and propose corresponding countermeasure.
Fragile X syndrome: From genetics to targeted treatment

Fragile X Syndrome: From Genetics to Targeted Treatment provides a structured overview of the molecular and clinical background of the disorder as well as treatment options. The book discusses the detailed molecular information on each of the pathways involved with sufficient details for all whose research touches this pathway. It provides a state-of-the-art update on all clinical aspects associated with this syndrome, including phenotype, diagnostics and epidemiology. It also includes an overview of the lessons learned from the preclinical research and pioneering trials on the fragile X syndrome for the investigators involved in clinical trials of neurodevelopmental disorders. This book is written for academic researchers, pharmaceutical investigators, and clinicians in the field who work on the disorder, and for researchers involved in clinical trials of the fragile X syndrome or related disorders. "This fascinating book, edited by Rob Willemsen and Frank Kooy, summarizes the current knowledge of the molecular aspects of fragile X syndrome (FXS), andthe potential for therapies resulting from this knowledge.Particularly interesting is a review "fragile X research from a parental perspective," which summarizes the results of an international survey of the attitudes of families with FXS relatives towards research This book is also an essential reference book for genetic counselors.The book provides counselors with the necessary biological background for proper explanations to the relatives of FXS patients. Many parents acquire a substantial knowledge of the conditions afflicting their children. The book will be helpful for both families and counselors to manage the expectations of families participating in clinical trials In conclusion, this book is essential for everyone who is involved in the diagnosis and treatment of FXS patients. " - European Journal of Human Genetics (September 2018).
English Language Teaching in Secondary Schools: An Analysis of the Implementation of Indonesian ELT 2013 Curriculum

The study aims to determine the extent of the implementation of the English Language Teaching 2013 Curriculum in Indonesia on aspects of planning stage, teaching and learning processes, and teaching assessments. It is a cross-sectional survey which uses quantitative and qualitative approaches. The data are gathered from questionnaire, observation, interview, and documentation. Thirty-four teachers from 12 schools of 91 secondary schools in Jepara Regency, Central Java, Indonesia are selected as the sample in this study. The results showed that the planning stage conducted by teachers was in accordance with the principles of the 2013 curriculum by taking into account the core competencies, basic competencies, graduate competency standards, materials and learning activities, the selection of learning strategies and assessment. The teaching and learning process of the 2013 curriculum in English subject was well implemented. The process was also based on the principles of applicable curriculum by promoting a scientific approach. In addition, in the assessment aspect, the teachers conducted the assessment by referring to graduate competency standards by using authentic approach that assesses the readiness, the process, and the learning outcomes of the students. This indicates that the curriculum has been applied well in schools with different national examination indexes and employment status.
The Effect of Ascorbic Acid and Garlic Administration on Lead-Induced Neural Damage in Rat Offspring’s Hippocampus

Objective(s): The aim of this study was to investigate ascorbic acid and garlic protective effects on lead-induced neurotoxicity during rat hippocampus development. Materials and Methods: 90 pregnant wistar rats were divided randomly into nine groups: 1- Animals received leaded water (L). 2- Rats received leaded water and ascorbic acid (L+AA). 3- Animals received leaded water and garlic juice (L+G). 4-Animals received leaded water, ascorbic acid and garlic juice (L+G+AA). 5- Rats treated with ascorbic acid (AA). 6- Rats treated with garlic juice (G). 7- Rats treated with ascorbic acid and garlic juice (AA+G). 8- Rats treated with tap water plus 0.4 ml/l normal hydrogen chloride (HCl) and 0.5 mg/l Glucose (Sham). 9- Normal group (N). Leaded water (1500 ppm), garlic juice (1 ml/100g/day, gavage) and ascorbic acid (500 mg/kg/day, IP) were used. Finally, blood lead levels (BLL) were measured in both rats and their offspring. The rat offspring brain sections were stained using Toluidine Blue and photographed. Dark neurons (DNs) were counted to compare all groups. Results: BLL significantly increased in L group compared to control and sham groups and decreased in L+G and L+AA groups in comparison to the L group (P<0.05). the number of DNs in the CA1, CA3, and DG of rat offspring hippocampus significantly increased in L group in comparison to control and sham groups (P<0.05) and decreased in L+G and L+AA groups compared to L group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Garlic juice and ascorbic acid administration during pregnancy and lactation may protect lead-induced neural damage in rat offspring hippocampus.
Microlensing toward Crowded Fields: Theory and Applications to M31

We present a comprehensive treatment of the pixel-lensing theory and apply it to lensing experiments and their results toward M31. Using distribution functions for the distances, velocities, masses, and luminosities of stars, we derive lensing event rates as a function of the event observables. In contrast to the microlensing regime, in the pixel-lensing regime (crowded or unresolved sources) the observables are the maximum excess flux of the source above a background and the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) time of the event. To calculate lensing event distribution functions depending on these observables for the specific case of M31, we use data from the literature to construct a model of M31, reproducing consistently photometry, kinematics, and stellar population. We predict the halo- and self-lensing event rates for bulge and disk stars in M31 and treat events with and without finite source signatures separately. We use the M31 photon noise profile and obtain the event rates as a function of position, field of view, and S/N threshold at maximum magnification. We calculate the expected rates for WeCAPP and for a potential Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) lensing campaign. The detection of two events with a peak signal-to-noise ratio larger than 10 and a timescale larger than 1 day in the WeCAPP 2000/2001 data is in good agreement with our theoretical calculations. We investigate the luminosity function of lensed stars for noise characteristics of WeCAPP and ACS. For the pixel-lensing regime, we derive the probability distribution for the lens masses in M31 as a function of the FWHM timescale, flux excess, and color, including the errors of these observables.
AFFM: Auto feature engineering in field-aware factorization machines for predictive analytics

User identification and prediction is one typical problem with the cross-device connection. User identification is useful for the recommendation engine, online advertising, and user experiences. Extreme sparse and large-scale data make user identification a challenging problem. To achieve better performance and accuracy for identification a better model with short turnaround time, and able to handle extremely sparse and large-scale data is the key. In this paper, we proposed a novel efficient machine learning approach to deal with such problem. We have adapted Field-aware Factorization Machine's approach using auto feature engineering techniques. Our model has the capacity to handle multiple features within the same field. The model provides an efficient way to handle the fields in the matrix. It counts the unique fields in the matrix and divides both the matrix with that value, which provide an efficient and scalable technique in term of time complexity. The accuracy of the model is 0.864845, when tested with Drawbridge datasets released in the context of the ICDM 2015 Cross-Device Connections Challenge.
Firefly Algorithm for Constrained Optimization Problems

One of recent innovations in the family of swarm intelligence metaheuristics is the firefly algorithm. It is inspired by nocturnal luminous insects called fireflies, more accurately by their mating and social behavior. Original Yang’s algorithm was designed for unconstrained optimization problems. Because of its promising performance it was later successfully applied to a number of particular constrained optimization problems. In this paper we test the firefly algorithm on a set of standard benchmark functions for constrained optimization problems. This is important since testing only on particular problems can hide some algorithms deficiencies. Obtained results show that algorithm performs well, but needs slight adjustments. Key-Words: Firefly algorithm, Swarm intelligence, Nature inspired metaheuristics, Constrained optimization problems
The use of atypical antipsychotics in Bipolar Spectrum disorders

Viewed in the context of ever-expanding conceptual boundaries for the diagnosis of bipolar disorder including the spectrum concept of DSM-IV, or even beyond (Akiskal and Pinto, 1999), it becomes obvious that lithium is the treatment of choice in a minority′ of patients only (Bowden et al, 2000). This article reviews what additional benefit atypical antipsychotics may provide in patients with bipolar disorder. Due both to tradition and to the regulatory requirements in the USA (FDA) and European Union (EMEA), the main target of clinical trials with atypical antipsychotics has been typical manic disorder. More recently, a significant subgroup of atypical patients, e.g., with mixed states, marked psychosis, or rapid cycling, have participated in these studies to allow an estimation of the value of atypical antipsychotics in these conditions. For the purposes of filing applications for registration with the regulatory agencies, the existing evidence is probably weak, however; from a clinical perspective, it is important that most atypical antipsychotics have also been tested in combination treatments. Finally, first data are now available on long-term prophylactic efficacy of atypical antipsychotics. These combined efficacy data definitely support the use of atypical antipsychotics in bipolar disorder, and it is now the time to collect more experience with these substances in severely ill patients in clinical settings.
Response of single motoneurons to direct stimulation in toad's spinal cord.

THE ACTIVITIES of single nerve cells explored with intracellular electrodes have been reported by several authors (1, 3, 4, 14). In those reports researches whether were made in connection with orthodromic or antidromic. It the excitation via neural is desirable, however, to pathways, adopt the method of direct stimulation in order to get more detailed knowledge concerning the physiological properties of the soma membrane. Since the insertion out ordinarily without of microelectrodes into the visual control, there is no neurons must be carried possibility of having two separate microelectrodes lodging in the same neuron, the one for stimulation and the other for recording. The use of a twin-microelectrode was also found inappropriate for the present purpose, because of the electrical interference between each electrode due to their capacitative coupling. The only method available was therefore to use the same microelectrode with certain compensation circuits for both stimulation and recording. The results reported here were obtained with such a method on single spinal motoneurons of Japanese toads.
Dynamic Visualization of Economic Indicators

Data visualization tools can take existing statistics and re-express them in ways that facilitate interpretation by a variety of audiences ranging from the sophisticated “power user” to the novice. Because these tools can expand a program’s audience dramatically, it is vital to develop tools that “tell the complete story,” for example, including measures of reliability along with point estimates. This report presents the ongoing efforts at the U.S. Census Bureau to develop and implement a standard set of data visualization tools for usage with its e monthly and quarterly economic indicators. We present two different types of data visualization tools: one that presents a “snapshot” of all indicators at a given point in time and another that presents dynamic interpretations of the time-series data for a specified indicator (totals and change estimates).