Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of the Complicated Sports Concussion Patient

Context: Whereas the majority of sports concussions are isolated self-limited events, some patients have more complicated presentations and management needs. This review presents a framework for the management of these complicated concussion patients. Evidence Acquisition A MEDLINE search for the years 1990 to 2009 was performed using the search terms concussion and athletic injuries. Secondary search terms included symptom, incidence, treatment, and risk factor. The Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy grading system was used for all clinical recommendations. Results: Patterns of complicated sports concussion presentations were identified from literature review, anecdote, and personal experience of the author and colleagues. All clinical recommendations carry a grade of C, unless otherwise noted. Conclusion: The sports medicine provider should be aware of certain patterns of complicated sports concussion presentations in order to use a patient-focused approach to management.
Submanifold Differential Operators in $\Cal D$-Module Theory II: Generalized Weierstrass and Frenet-Serret Relations as Dirac Equations

This article is one of a series of papers. For this decade, the Dirac operator on a submanifold has been studied as a restriction of the Dirac operator in $n$-dimensional euclidean space $\EE^n$ to a surface or a space curve as physical models. These Dirac operators are identified with operators of the Frenet-Serret relation for a space curve case and of the generalized Weierstrass relation for a conformal surface case and completely represent the submanifolds. For example, the analytic index of Dirac operator of a space curve is identified with its writhing number. As another example, the operator determinants of the Dirac operators are closely related to invariances of the immersed objects, such as Euler-Bernoulli and Willmore functionals for a space curve and a conformal surface respectively. In this article, we will give mathematical construction of the Dirac operator by means of $\Cal D$-module and reformulate my recent results mathematically.
Urban Growth and Land-Use Structure in Two Mediterranean Regions

The present study develops an Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) with the aim to assess changes over time in the distribution of selected uses of land in two Mediterranean urban regions (Rome and Athens) with different morphology and economic functions. The study uses global and local Moran’s indexes of spatial autocorrelation to describe the land-use structure observed in the two cities in mid-1970s and late-2000s, and debates on the divergent contribution of compact growth and scattered urban expansion to changes in land use. The analysis identifies fringe landscapes as a key target for urban containment policies in sprawling cities.
Sustainability and organizational transformation: putting the cart before the horse? (Part Two)

Purpose – Global corporate strategies are revealing the boundaries of organizational capabilities and the limits of the natural resource capacity that is needed to sustain business operations. Sustainability has emerged as a strategic response adopted by many corporations to reduce resource dependency and consumption costs. The purpose of this paper is to secure existence as a going concern while also demonstrating corporate citizenship. Design/methodology/approach – This two-part paper will present a review of recent findings relevant to sustainability and change management was performed in order to develop a better understanding of factors that may hinder corporate adoption of sustainability, the role of sustainability in transformational change, and the change management challenges involved in integrating sustainability within corporate culture. Findings – For a growing number of organizations, sustainability has recently been elevated from “doing” to the level of “being”, which involves integration in.
The Determinants and Outcomes of Pathological Internet use (PIU) among Urban Millennial Teens: A Theoretical Framework

The rapid adoption of Internet has turned the Millennial Teens’ life like a lightning speed. Empirical evidence has illustrated that Pathological Internet Use (PIU) among them ensure long-term success to the market players in the children industry. However, it creates concerns among their care takers as it generates mental disorder among some of them. The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of PIU and identify its outcomes among urban Millennial Teens. It aims to develop a theoretical framework based on a modified Media System Dependency (MSD) Theory that integrates important systems and components that determine and resulted from PIU. Keywords—Internet, media system dependency theory, millennial, pathological internet use.
A framework for performance evaluation and functional verification in stochastic process algebras

Despite its relatively short history, a wealth of formalisms exist for algebraic specification of stochastic systems. The goal of this paper is to give such formalisms a unifying framework for performance evaluation and functional verification. To this end, we propose an approach enabling a provably sound transformation from some existing stochastic process algebras, e.g., PEPA and MTIPP, to a generic form in the mCRL2 language. This way, we resolve the semantic differences among different stochastic process algebras themselves, on one hand, and between stochastic process algebras and classic ones, such as mCRL2, on the other hand. From the generic form, one can generate a state space and perform various functional and performance-related analyses, as we illustrate in this paper.
Negation through reduplication and tone: implications for the Lexical Functional Grammar/Paradigm Function Morphology interface1

Morphological marking of negation through verbal reduplication and tone is a typologically rare phenomenon attested in Eleme (Niger-Congo; Nigeria). Using Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) and Paradigm Function Morphology (PFM) to model first-hand data, I argue that reduplication is not a direct exponent of negation in Eleme, but an asemantic morphomic process, indirectly associated with the presence of a negative polarity feature in LFG’s m(orphological)-structure. While negative verb forms of this kind are typologically unusual, the data can be explained by independently motivated morphology-internal principles. The empirical facts thereby provide support for an m-structure, characterised by its own principles and rules, which interfaces with a bifurcated lexicon that separates content from form.
Ischemic neuronal cell death and organellae damage

Abstract The brain is an organ that consumes much energy. This is partially due to the character of neurons; they possess excitable plasma membrane and a large amount of ATP is indispensable for maintaining ion gradient. Once neurons experience energy failure, calcium accumulates in the intracellular space as a result of disturbed ion homeostasis. This, in turn, activates many cellular processes, which culminate in cell death. In this cellular catastrophic cascade, many organelles play important roles. In addition to the plasma membrane, cytosol is the 'organelle' that first becomes exposed to the increased level of calcium. Many proteases, kinases and lipases are localized here, and are activated directly or indirectly by the ischemic insult. Some enzymes are pro-apoptotic ones, while others are anti-apoptotic. It was reported that neurons that would die later showed activated pro-apoptotic enzymes, but ones that would survive possessed activated anti-apoptotic molecules. Mitochondria is the organelle that plays the central role for intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. The release of cytochrome c from this organelle is the key step in apoptotic cascade in the ischemic neurons. However, the exact molecular mechanism of cytochrome c release remains uncertain. In addition, expression of genes essential for mitochondrial function changes in neurons after ischemia, which further indicates the crucial role of this organelle in cell death. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) not only mediates proteins processing, but also regulates intracellular calcium homeostasis and cell death signal activation. Recent reports indicate that dysfunction of this organelle occurs at an early stage after ischemia and might be the initial step of apoptotic cascades in neurons. Golgi apparatus and lysosomes are organelles that are involved in apoptotic cell death in some situations. There have been no reports that demonstrated active role of these organelles in ischemic neuronal cell death. Further investigation would be desired about this issue. Nucleus is the organelle that contains genomic DNA. Many studies demonstrated DNA breakage in the neurons that would die later, but whether this is the cause or merely the result of the insult remains uncertain. If the more precise role of each organelle in neuronal cell death are disclosed, we should be able to think about new means of therapy for ischemic stroke.
Analysis of Agile Project Management practice and Comparison with Traditional Project Management

As agile softwa re development gains awareness and popularity in the software industry, it also continues to capture the interest of the research community. There are several topics within the agile software development area that demand deeper understanding and research. One such topic is 'Agile Project Management' which relates to the management of software projects that are developed using various agile frameworks such as eXtreme Programming (XP) and Scrum. This paper outlines proposed research on agile project manageme nt. In particular we hope to explore the role of the project manager, the process and problems of transitioning into an agile framework, and the management of outsourced agile projects.
Making recommendations in a microblog to improve the impact of a focal user

We present a microblog recommendation system that can help monitor users, track conversations, and potentially improve diffusion impact. Given a Twitter network of active users and their followers, and historical activity of tweets, retweets and mentions, we build upon a prediction tool to predict the Top K users who will retweet or mention a focal user, in the future [10]. We develop personalized recommendations for each focal user. We identify characteristics of focal users such as the size of the follower network, or the level of sentiment averaged over all tweets; both have an impact on the quality of personalized recommendations. We use (high) betweenness centrality as a proxy of attractive users to target when making recommendations. Our recommendations successfully identify a greater fraction of users with higher betweenness centrality, in comparison to the overall distribution of betweenness centrality of the ground truth users for some focal user.
A Framework for Fine-grained Data Integration and Curation, with Provenance, in a Dataspace

Some tasks in a dataspace (a loose collection of heterogeneous data sources) require integration of fine-grained data from diverse sources. This work is often done by end users knowledgeable about the domain, who copy-and-paste data into a spreadsheet or other existing application. Inspired by this kind of work, in this paper we define a data curation setting characterized by data that are explicitly selected, copied, and then pasted into a target dataset where they can be confirmed or replaced. Rows and columns in the target may also be combined, for example, when redundant. Each of these actions is an integration decision, often of high quality, that when taken together comprise the provenance of a data value in the target. In this paper, we define a conceptual model for data and provenance for these user actions, and we show how questions about data provenance can be answered. We note that our model can be used in automated data curation as well as in a setting with the manual activity we emphasize in our examples.
Annealed SMC Samplers for Dirichlet Process Mixture Models

In this work we propose a novel algorithm that approximates sequentially the Dirichlet Process Mixtures (DPM) model posterior. The proposed method takes advantage of the Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) samplers framework to design an effective annealing procedure that prevents the algorithm to get trapped in a local mode. We evaluate the performance in a Bayesian density estimation problem with unknown number of components. The simulation results suggest that the proposed algorithm represents the target posterior much more accurately and provides significantly smaller Monte Carlo error when compared to particle filtering.
Coevolution of cultural intelligence, extended life history, sociality, and brain size in primates

Explanations for primate brain expansion and the evolution of human cognition and culture remain contentious despite extensive research. While multiple comparative analyses have investigated variation in brain size across primate species, very few have addressed why primates vary in how much they use social learning. Here, we evaluate the hypothesis that the enhanced reliance on socially transmitted behavior observed in some primates has coevolved with enlarged brains, complex sociality, and extended lifespans. Using recently developed phylogenetic comparative methods we show that, across primate species, a measure of social learning proclivity increases with absolute and relative brain volume, longevity (specifically reproductive lifespan), and social group size, correcting for research effort. We also confirm relationships of absolute and relative brain volume with longevity (both juvenile period and reproductive lifespan) and social group size, although longevity is generally the stronger predictor. Relationships between social learning, brain volume, and longevity remain when controlling for maternal investment and are therefore not simply explained as a by-product of the generally slower life history expected for larger brained species. Our findings suggest that both brain expansion and high reliance on culturally transmitted behavior coevolved with sociality and extended lifespan in primates. This coevolution is consistent with the hypothesis that the evolution of large brains, sociality, and long lifespans has promoted reliance on culture, with reliance on culture in turn driving further increases in brain volume, cognitive abilities, and lifespans in some primate lineages.
Transform for inter-layer prediction residues in scalable video coding

Inter-layer prediction is an important tool in scalable video coding schemes. With inter-layer prediction, the encoder can eliminate redundancy between the layers and improve compression efficiency. In this paper, the characteristics of inter-layer prediction residues are investigated and an improved transform scheme is presented. Compared to traditional schemes using DCT-II as the spatial transform, the proposed scheme introduces two additional transforms. These additional transforms are designed in a way such that they may better capture the dominant components in interlayer prediction residues while their implementation can reuse the transform modules in existing codecs. Results obtained with SHVC reference software SMuC0.1. 1 show that the proposed method can improve the coding efficiency with negligible increase in the encoding complexity.
Hyperspectral imagery super-resolution by image fusion and compressed sensing

Low spatial resolution is the mainly drawback of hyperspectral imaging. Image super-resolution techniques can be applied to overcome the limits. This paper presents a new framework for improving the spatial resolution of hyperspectral images base by combing high-resolution spectral information and high-resolution spatial information by image fusion and compressed sensing. Based on the compressed sensing theory, small patches of hyperspectral observations from different wavelengths can be represented as weighted linear combinations of a small number of atoms in dictionary which is trained by using panchromatic images. Then hyperspectral image super-resolution is treated as a special image fusion problem with sparse constraints. To make the super-resolution reconstruction more accurate, local manifold projection is used as a regulation term. Extensive experiments on image super-resolution validate that proposed method achieves much better results.
Complexity Measurement Based on Information Theory and Kolmogorov Complexity

In the past decades many definitions of complexity have been proposed. Most of these definitions are based either on Shannon's information theory or on Kolmogorov complexity; these two are often compared, but very few studies integrate the two ideas. In this article we introduce a new measure of complexity that builds on both of these theories. As a demonstration of the concept, the technique is applied to elementary cellular automata and simulations of the self-organization of porphyrin molecules.
Spirometry for patients prescribed topical beta-blockers.

AIM To evaluate the effects of four glaucoma medications on the cardio-respiratory system. METHOD All newly diagnosed glaucoma (primary open-angle glaucoma--POAG--or normal tension glaucoma) patients were recruited into a 12-month prospective audit. RESULTS The study has resulted in glaucoma patients having a spirometry lung function test before being prescribed beta-blocker eye drops. The results of this study demonstrate a high level of both systemic and ocular side-effects caused by these topical glaucoma medications. CONCLUSION This study confirms the findings of previous studies, which have shown topical beta-blockers to be harmful to older people with glaucoma and 'hidden' reversible airways disease. It also shows the consequences of using topical beta-blockers on patients who have previously undiagnosed respiratory and cardiac disease.
Patterns and Determinants of International Trade Costs in the Food Industry

This paper documents patterns in international trade costs in processed foods for a large cross-section of developing and developed countries, during the 1976-2000 period. A trade costs index is inferred from a micro-founded gravity equation that incorporates bilateral `iceberg? trade costs. For 2000, the weighted average tariff equivalent of trade costs ranges from 73% for the North to 134% for the South countries. The time patterns show an average reduction of about -13% in the observed period, that rises to -26% for the Emerging countries. However, the same does not apply for South countries. On ranking the trade costs determinants we find that, on average, geographical and historical factors seem to dominate those of infrastructure and institutions. However, trade policy emerges as an important determinant of the North-Emerging trade costs. Finally we find strong evidence that demand-side considerations also matter to explain trade costs.
User Acceptance of I-Music Services A way to measure user acceptance of hedonic information systems

paper covers user acceptance research on hedonic (pleasure-oriented) information systems, in contrast to utilitarian information systems, and in particular an I-Music service (I-Music being the interactive offering and sharing of music using Internet technology). It proposes an enhanced version of the UTAUT model so it can be used for pleasure- oriented IS. This model is tested against a small research population. The main conclusion is that perceived enjoyment plays a role in the user acceptance of these systems, which it doesn't when looking at utilitarian IS.
Advances in Structure Editors - Do They Really Pay Off?

Structure editors emphasise a high-fidelity representation of the underlying tree structure of a program, often using a clearly identifiable 1-to-1 mapping between syntax tree elements and on-screen artefacts. This paper presents layout and behaviour principles for structure editors and a new structure editor for Lisp. The evaluation of the editor‟s usability reveals an interesting mismatch. Whereas by far most participants of a questionnaire intuitively favour the structure editor to the textual editor, objective improvements are measurable, yet not significant.
Wearable System for Heat Stress Monitoring in Firefighting Applications

The paper proposes a multiparameter sensor platform capable of measuring the rate and thermal stress state which the user (in particular a firefighter) is subject to. For that, three wearable sensors (temperature, humidity and heart rate) send the information via Zigbee low energy wireless protocol, to a remote device (smartphone, wrist watch or PDA) monitoring the status of the worker. Additionally, an activity sensor allows the determination of body fall or immobilization situations. Preliminary tests support the viability of the proposed solution.
A light weight 8-element broadband phased array receiver on Liquid Crystal Polymer

In this paper we present a light weight broadband phased array hybrid receiver module on a multi-layer Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) substrate. The phased array module has 8 channels and is designed to operate in the Ka-band, from 32–37 GHz. A broadband linear tapered slot antenna array with a corporate power combiner, chip-on-board MMICs, and all control chips necessary for beam steering are all integrated on a multi-layered near-hermetic LCP substrate. The phased array antenna has a measured bandwidth of 5 GHz with ±30° beam steering capability from boresight, and shows less than 6.75° of beam squint across the full bandwidth of operation. The total size of the array is 100 mm × 100 mm with a board thickness of only 16 mils and weighs only 12.3 grams.
The Role of Xanthine Oxidase in Hemodialysis-Induced Oxidative Injury: Relationship with Nutritional Status

The role of xanthine oxidase (XOD) in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis treatment (HD) is poorly understood. Geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) ≤ 90 could be linked with malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome. This study measured XOD, myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid hydroperoxides, total free thiol groups, and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in 50 HD patients before commencing (pre-HD) and immediately after completion of HD session (post-HD) and in 22 healthy controls. Pre-HD serum hydroperoxides, AOPP, XOD, and SOD were higher and total thiol groups were lower in patients than in controls (P < 0.05, resp.). Compared to baseline values, serum MPO activity was increased irrespective of GNRI status. Serum XOD activity was increasing during HD treatment in the group with GNRI ≤ 90 (P = 0.030) whilst decreasing in the group with GNRI > 90 (P = 0.002). In a multiple regression analysis, post-HD serum XOD activity was independently associated with GNRI ≤ 90 (β ± SE: 0.398 ± 0.151; P = 0.012) and HD vintage (β ± SE: −0.349 ± 0.139; P = 0.016). These results indicate that an upregulated XOD may be implicated in HD-induced oxidative injury contributing to accelerated protein damage in patients with GNRI ≤ 90.
Sustainability Aspects of Real Estate Development: Lithuanian Case Study of Sports and Entertainment Arenas

The principles of sustainability have become particularly important in the real estate and construction sector over the past decade. Despite extended efforts to evaluate the sustainability aspects of the real estate development, very few attempts have been exposed in the scientific literature pursuing integrating the investors and real estate developers’ responsibility for the local community, regional economy and environmental problems within their financial expectations. The paper presents methodology enabling evaluating the balance of real estate development sustainability and financial viability issues during the feasibility study process. The Model for Real Estate Investment Evaluation Based on Sustainable Development Aspects proposed by the authors was applied to the case study of Lithuanian sports and entertainment arenas. By using multi-criteria decision analysis sustainability assessment of multi-functional arenas was carried out which disclosed that positive sustainability effects lays down on the owner’s and operator’s monetary liabilities.