Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Altering Bdnf Expression by Genetics And/or Environment: Impact for Emotional and Depression-like Behaviour in Laboratory Mice

According to the " neurotrophin hypothesis " , brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important candidate gene in depression. Moreover, environmental stress is known to represent a risk factor in the pathophysiology and treatment of this disease. To elucidate, whether changes of BDNF availability signify cause or consequence of depressive-like alterations, it is essential to look for endophenotypes under distinct genetic conditions (e.g. altered BDNF expression). Furthermore it is crucial to examine environment-driven BDNF regulation and its effect on depressive-linked features. Consequently, gene × environment studies investigating prospective genetic mouse models of depression in different environmental contexts become increasingly important. The present review summarizes recent findings in BDNF-mutant mice, which have been controversially discussed as models of depression and anxiety. It furthermore illustrates the potential of environment to serve as naturalistic stressor with the potential to modulate the phenotype in wildtype and mutant mice. Moreover, environment may exert protective effects by regulating BDNF levels as attributed to " environmental enrichment ". The effect of this beneficial condition will also be discussed with regard to probable " curative/therapeutic " approaches.
MAS a scalable framework for research effort evaluation by unsupervised machine learning-Hybrid plagiarism model

In the era of web new information is upcoming day by day. Researches add their work for their research domains. Detecting of originality of research work is in hype. In Academic sector students researchers bring in innovative ideas, algorithms stating that their work outperforms prior research. They may implement NULL Hypothesis or alternative Hypothesis, detecting their effort is a challenge. By means of plagiarism detectors such academic efforts can be evaluated or graded. This reflects the essence of research in the field of Plagiarized content detection and grading. Some of our research issue highlights to technical scenario to design an algorithm which is adaptable to changing nature of dataset. The dataset grows, as new research work is added in due course of time. Data extraction from unstructured information is challenging, as no standard pattern is yet defined. Such patterns vary from research to research and are domain specific. A document in question i.e plagiarized or not? Is a join of one or more sentences that originate by the authors research or referenced from previous publications. Authors to prove originality use paraphrasing which may have semantic similarity, also some of the contents act as metaphor for upcoming research work. It is complex task point out such an activity. Methodology states that a document in question is a join of sentences, whereas each sentence is a join of terms. Thus we conclude by fork and join operations; plagiarism detection is possible in effective way. Document in question is split to produce a sentence vector. A term vector is generated by forking sentence to terms for each sentence in sentence vector. Mapper is implemented that maps term to sentence and sentence to source document. To enhance the accuracy of the model a Multi Agent Based System MAS frame is recommended to adapt varying similarity functions. Achieve parallelism in system and adaptability of new similarity measures as well remove one which are not suitable any more to the task.
Jobs Taken by Mothers Moving from Welfare to Work and the Effects of Minimum Wages on This Transition.

The potential effects of raising the minimum wage on the earnings of mothers mOving from welfare to work were examined by analyzing the.differences that existed in the late 1980s in the various states' minimum wage rates and data from three waves of the Survey of Income and Program Participation for the years 1985-1990 (during which time 13 states had minimum wages set above the federal level). Increases in the minimum wage were found to have had significant negative effects on the work patterns of mothers receiving Aid to Families with Dependent Children. Half the welfare mothers residing in states that did not raise their minimum wage reported working at some time during the 6 years studied versus only 407. of the welfare mothers in states that had raised their minimum wage. Increasing the minimum wage resulted in a 447. longer duration on wrqfare. It was concluded that increases in the minimum wage intensify competition for low-skill, low-wage jobs. Increases crowd out the least skilled workers, including mothers attempting to leave welfare, by raising the educational qualifications for marginal workers to high school graduation. (Contains 11 tables and 60 references. Appended are definitions of variables used in the tables and information about the state minimum wage panel data set.) (MN) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** EMPLOYMENT POLICIES INSTITUTE FOUNDATION JOBS TAKEN BY MOTHERS MOVING FROM WELFARE TO WORK AND THE EFFECTS OF MINIMUM WAGES ON THIS TRANSITION PETER D. BRANDON Institute for.Research on Poverty University of WisconsinMadison February 1995 S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION E (JCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER IERIC) la( This document has been reproduced as received Iron) the peison or organi/atarri originaling 0 Minor changes hmie been inade to improve ieproduction uality Poems of view or opinions stated in this documer a do not necessarily represent official OFRI position or policy BEST COPY AVAILABLE -PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
On cooperative wireless relaying: A joint routing and scheduling flow-based framework

We investigate the impact of cooperative relaying used to create virtual multipoint-to-point links (as opposed to conventional multihop relaying) on the throughput optimal configuration of a wireless network. We achieve this by formulating a cross-layer framework for a joint routing and scheduling problem with cooperative relaying. We consider a general case, where cooperation is allowed between any pair of nodes in a given network. We optimally solve this formulation for max-min throughput in mesh-like networks of medium size and quantify gains for key performance metrics. We establish that, contrary to popular belief, cooperative relaying provides performance gains in a mid-size network surprisingly rarely. Moreover, if gains can be obtained, these gains are typically only marginal. We quantify these gains and provide engineering insights based on numerical results for 200 random realizations of a network with 16 nodes.
Population Genetic Analysis of the Uncoupling Proteins Supports a Role for UCP3 in Human Cold Resistance

Production of heat via nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) is critical for temperature homeostasis in mammals. Uncoupling protein UCP1 plays a central role in NST by uncoupling the proton gradients produced in the inner membranes of mitochondria to produce heat; however, the extent to which UCP1 homologues, UCP2 and UCP3, are involved in NST is the subject of an ongoing debate. We used an evolutionary approach to test the hypotheses that variants that are associated with increased expression of these genes (UCP1 −3826A, UCP2 −866A, and UCP3 −55T) show evidence of adaptation with winter climate. To that end, we calculated correlations between allele frequencies and winter climate variables for these single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which we genotyped in a panel of 52 worldwide populations. We found significant correlations with winter climate for UCP1 −3826G/A and UCP3 −55C/T. Further, by analyzing previously published genotype data for these SNPs, we found that the peak of the correlation for the UCP1 region occurred at the disease-associated −3826A/G variant and that the UCP3 region has a striking signal overall, with several individual SNPs showing interesting patterns, including the −55C/T variant. Resequencing of the regions in a set of three diverse population samples helped to clarify the signals that we found with the genotype data. At UCP1, the resequencing data revealed modest evidence that the haplotype carrying the −3826A variant was driven to high frequency by selection. In the UCP3 region, combining results from the climate analysis and resequencing survey suggest a more complex model in which variants on multiple haplotypes may independently be correlated with temperature. This is further supported by an excess of intermediate frequency variants in the UCP3 region in the Han Chinese population. Taken together, our results suggest that adaptation to climate influenced the global distribution of allele frequencies in UCP1 and UCP3 and provide an independent source of evidence for a role in cold resistance for UCP3.
Non-fragile robust design for a control system of air fuel ratio

Non-fragile robust control problem of an air fuel ratio is studied. Under the premise of guarantee certain performances (overshoot and the settling time of the system, etc.), it is proposed that the μ-synthesis non-fragile robust performance design for the control system of the air fuel ratio is essentially to tolerate the greatest uncertainty. It is pointed out that this problem is really a non-fragile robust performance problem, the problem with both non-fragile robust stability and performance requirements (bandwidth and other performances). It is also suggested that the design of the non-fragile robust performance can be formulated as a μ-synthesis problem, if the uncertainty weighting function and the performance weighting function to system bandwidth and disturbance attenuation are revised appropriately. The μ-synthesis non-fragile robust PI controllers are solved. Results of the design look as if they were normal PI controllers, but their control quality, robustness and adaptability are better than the latter, and their structures are simple, definite, useful etc. The results show that the proposed method is efficient and feasible.
Group 3 sigma factor gene, sigJ, a key regulator of desiccation tolerance, regulates the synthesis of extracellular polysaccharide in cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120

Abstract The changes in the expression of sigma factor genes during dehydration in terrestrial Nostoc HK-01 and aquatic Anabaena PCC 7120 were determined. The expression of the sigJ gene in terrestrial Nostoc HK-01, which is homologous to sigJ (alr0277) in aquatic Anabaena PCC 7120, was significantly induced in the mid-stage of dehydration. We constructed a higher-expressing transformant of the sigJ gene (HE0277) in Anabaena PCC 7120, and the transformant acquired desiccation tolerance. The results of Anabaena oligonucleotide microarray experiments showed that a comparatively large number of genes relating to polysaccharide biosynthesis were upregulated in the HE0277 cells. The extracellular polysaccharide released into the culture medium of the HE0277 cells was as much as 3.2-fold more than that released by the control cells. This strongly suggests that the group 3 sigma factor gene sigJ is fundamental and conducive to desiccation tolerance in these cyanobacteria.
Metrics and pairs of left and right connections on bimodules

Properties of metrics and pairs consisting of left and right connections are studied on the bimodules of differential 1‐forms. Those bimodules are obtained from the derivation based calculus of an algebra of matrix valued functions, and an SLq(2,C)‐covariant calculus of the quantum plane at a generic q and the cubic root of unity. It is shown that, in the aforementioned examples, giving up the middle‐linearity of metrics significantly enlarges the space of metrics. A metric compatibility condition for the pairs of left and right connections is defined. Also, a compatibility condition between a left and right connection is discussed. Consequences entailed by reducing to the center of a bimodule the domain of those conditions are investigated in detail. Alternative ways of relating left and right connections are considered.
Time-varying dependency in European energy markets: an analysis of Nord Pool, European Energy Exchange and Intercontinental Exchange energy commodities

In this paper we investigate the extent to which the price of Nordic electricity derivatives correlates with European Energy Exchange (EEX) and Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) electricity contracts. We also include their price correlation with ICE gas, Brent crude oil, coal and carbon emission contracts. Using multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models, we find significant time-varying relationships between all of the energy commodities included in the analysis, with the exception of oil. This suggests that pricing models based on constant correlation may be misleading. We also find that Nordic energy futures exhibit the strongest relationship with German electricity futures contracts traded in the EEX, and there appears to be a stronger relationship between longer maturity contracts in all markets.
The feasibility of using electromagnetic waves in determining the moisture content of building fabrics and the cause of the water ingress.

Abstract In this paper, the feasibility of using electromagnetic (EM) waves is determining the moisture content of building fabrics and the case of water ingress in experimentally assessed. This paper will concentrate on investigating the propagation of EM waves through typical structures and their interaction with concealed pipework, wiring and timber. All current methods are overviewed and analysed. Novel microwave sensor described in this paper operates in 6 GHz to 12 GHz frequency range using Marconi 6200A microwave test set. Results of experimental test confirm that microwaves can be used as an alternative non- destructive method for identifying different object behind the walls.
Improving Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling to Investigate Anti-Infective Chemotherapy with Application to the Current Generation of Antimalarial Drugs

Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modelling is the standard computational technique for simulating drug treatment of infectious diseases with the potential to enhance our understanding of drug treatment outcomes, drug deployment strategies, and dosing regimens. Standard methodologies assume only a single drug is used, it acts only in its unconverted form, and that oral drugs are instantaneously absorbed across the gut wall to their site of action. For drugs with short half-lives, this absorption period accounts for a significant period of their time in the body. Treatment of infectious diseases often uses combination therapies, so we refined and substantially extended the PK/PD methodologies to incorporate (i) time lags and drug concentration profiles resulting from absorption across the gut wall and, if required, conversion to another active form; (ii) multiple drugs within a treatment combination; (iii) differing modes of action of drugs in the combination: additive, synergistic, antagonistic; (iv) drugs converted to an active metabolite with a similar mode of action. This methodology was applied to a case study of two first-line malaria treatments based on artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs, artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-mefloquine) where the likelihood of increased artemisinin tolerance/resistance has led to speculation on their continued long-term effectiveness. We note previous estimates of artemisinin kill rate were underestimated by a factor of seven, both the unconverted and converted form of the artemisinins kill parasites and the extended PK/PD methodology produced results consistent with field observations. The simulations predict that a potentially rapid decline in ACT effectiveness is likely to occur as artemisinin resistance spreads, emphasising the importance of containing the spread of artemisinin resistance before it results in widespread drug failure. We found that PK/PD data is generally very poorly reported in the malaria literature, severely reducing its value for subsequent re-application, and we make specific recommendations to improve this situation.
Pegylated interferon alpha-2b as adjuvant treatment of Stage III malignant melanoma: an evidence-based review

Introduction: Stage III melanoma, also referred to as regional metastatic melanoma, has five-year survival rates ranging between 40% and 78%. In order to reduce the likelihood of recurrence in this high-risk population, patients undergo resection of primary tumors and all involved nodal basins. Systemic therapy is being pursued in an effort to improve outcome data, but the best strategy has yet to be defined. Interferon alpha-2b remains to date the most promising approach available. Toxicities and intensive intravenous administration, unfortunately, are major concerns. An alternative is the use of interferon in its pegylated subcutaneous form. The aim of this research was to review the evidence for the use of pegylated interferon alpha-2b in Stage III malignant melanoma. Evidence review: ECOG 1684 was the pivotal trial that first demonstrated a statistically significant benefit in relapse-free and overall survival for adjuvant interferon alpha-2b in high-risk melanoma. Other larger studies, such as ECOG 1690, confirmed a relapse-free survival benefit but did not achieve statistical significance for overall survival. The first study of the pegylated form of interferon alpha-2b in Stage III melanoma, EORTC 18991, is reviewed here. This trial showed a statistically significant improvement in relapse-free survival but not overall survival. Encouraging data of potential equivalent efficacy, easier administration, and fewer Grade 3 and 4 adverse reactions compared with high-dose intravenous interferon raises the question of its potential role in Stage III melanoma in the adjuvant setting.
Innovative Behavior within the Theory of Planned Behavior

are becoming quite popular at universities throughout the world. However, it is not easy for business students to get involved to innovative activities, especially patent application. The present study investigated how to enhance business students' intention to participate in innovative activities and which incentives universities should consider. A 22-item research scale was used, and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify its reliability and validity. Multiple regression and discriminant analyses were also conducted. The results demonstrate the effect of growth-need strength on innovative behavior and indicate that the theory of planned behavior can explain and predict business students' intention to participate in innovative activities. Additionally, the results suggest that applying our proposed model in practice would effectively strengthen business students' intentions to engage in innovative activities.
Investigation of an alternative APFC control with no sensing of line voltage based on a triangular modulation carrier

An alternative control method for a boost active power factor corrector (APFC) operating in continuous conduction mode is presented, analyzed and verified by simulation and experiments. The proposed APFC scheme employs average current control to shape the input current. The power level is adjusted by modulating the amplitude of a triangular carrier as a function of the outer loop error signal. The proposed APFC does not require neither line voltage sensing nor an input voltage reference circuitry. The theoretical predictions are well supported by simulation and experimental results. The experimental results demonstrate some improved performance at low power levels as compared to other methods of APFC without sensing of input voltage.
VOICES IN EDUCATION

To a large extent, the demographic developments caused by the macroAtlantic-wide human trafficking enterprise of the seventeenth century appeared in Bermuda: the dominance of Central Africans among African-born entrants and that of Lower Guinea populations during the eighteenth-century (the so-called Lower Guinea Shift). This discussion reexamines this first period in the African colonisation of Bermuda.
Customer Classification and Load Profiling Method for Distribution Systems

In Finland, customer class load profiles are used extensively in distribution network calculation. State estimation systems, for example, use the load profiles to estimate the state of the network. Load profiles are also needed to predict future loads in distribution network planning. In general, customer class load profiles are obtained through sampling in load research projects. Currently, in Finland, customer classification is based on the uncertain customer information found in the customer information system. Customer information, such as customer type, heating solution, and tariff, is used to connect the customers with corresponding customer class load profiles. Now that the automatic meter-reading systems are becoming more common, customer classification and load profiling could be done according to actual consumption data. This paper proposes the use of the ISODATA algorithm for customer classification. The proposed customer classification and load profiling method also includes temperature dependency correction and outlier filtering. The method is demonstrated in this paper by studying a set of 660 hourly metered customers.
SIEVE: A Distributed, Accurate, and Robust Technique to Identify Malicious Nodes in Data Dissemination on MANET

In this paper we consider the following problem: nodes in a MANET must disseminate data chunks using rateless codes but some nodes are assumed to be malicious, i.e., before transmitting a coded packet they may modify its payload. Nodes receiving corrupted coded packets are prevented from correctly decoding the original chunk. We propose SIEVE, a fully distributed technique to identify malicious nodes. SIEVE is based on special messages called checks that nodes periodically transmit. A check contains the list of nodes identifiers that provided coded packets of a chunk as well as a flag to signal if the chunk has been corrupted. SIEVE operates on top of an otherwise reliable architecture and it is based on the construction of a factor graph obtained from the collected checks on which an incremental belief propagation algorithm is run to compute the probability of a node being malicious. Analysis is carried out by detailed simulations using ns-3. We show that SIEVE is very accurate and discuss how nodes speed impacts on its accuracy. We also show SIEVE robustness under several attack scenarios and deceiving actions.
Total Precedence Relations

A description is given of a method of syntact ical analysis based on the use of precedence relations which are defined over the whole vocabulary of the context-free grammar under investigation. These relations are defined in such a way tha t t r ial-and-error is avoided whenever possible. To the same end, the customary restr ict ion tha t analysis will be lefttoright is not imposed. The results are formulated in such a way tha t all relations can be computed by simple operations on Boolean matrices. This s tudy reveals the existence of an interest ing subset of context-free languages, which is then compared with other well-known subsets.