Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous subregional binding patterns of 3H-WIN 35,428 and 3H-GBR 12,935 are differentially regulated by chronic cocaine self- administration

We examined the influence of chronic cocaine exposure, in an unlimited access self-administration paradigm, on density of the dopamine transporter (3H-WIN 35,428 and 3H-GBR 12,935 binding) and concentration of monoamine (dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline and metabolites) neurotransmitters in rat brain. In normal rodent striatum 3H-WIN 35,428 and 3H-GBR 12,935 binding to the dopamine transporter, although generally similar, showed different subregional rostrocaudal and mediolateral gradients, suggesting that the two ligands might bind to different subtypes or states of the dopamine transporter. Following chronic, unlimited access cocaine self-administration, binding of 3H- WIN 35,428 was significantly elevated in whole nucleus accumbens (+69%, p < 0.001) and striatum (+65%, p < 0.001) on the last day of cocaine exposure (“on-cocaine group”); whereas in the 3 week withdrawn animals (“cocaine-withdrawn group”), levels were either normal (striatum) or reduced (-30%, p < 0.05, nucleus accumbens). Although similar changes in 3H-GBR 12,935 binding were observed, this dopamine transporter ligand showed a smaller and highly subregionally dependent increase in binding in striatal subdivision of the on-cocaine group, but a more marked binding reduction in the cocaine-withdrawn animals. As compared with the controls, mean dopamine levels were reduced in striatum (-15%, p < 0.05) of the on-cocaine group and in nucleus accumbens (-40%, p < 0.05) of the cocaine-withdrawn group. These data provide additional support to the hypothesis that some of the long-term effects of cocaine exposure (drug craving, depression) could be consequent to reduced nucleus accumbens dopamine function. Our data also suggest that dopamine transporter concentration, and perhaps function, might undergo up- or downregulation, either as a direct effect of cocaine, or indirectly as part of a homeostatic response to altered synaptic dopamine levels, and therefore might participate in the neuronal events underlying cocaine-induced behavioral changes.
Pathway and Network Analysis of Schizophrenia Candidate Genes under Meta-Analysis Linkage Peaks

Schizophrenia is a major brain-related mental disorder. Many genes are likely associated with schizophrenia; their gene-gene interactions as well as gene-environment interactions may contribute as a major risk to the disorder. Rather than the traditional studies of single gene or marker, in this study we hypothesized that positional candidate genes under linkage peaks may play a major role in causing complex diseases such as schizophrenia through a mechanism of their gene-gene or protein-protein interactions. To test this hypothesis, we identified positional candidate genes under the linkage peaks from recently completed genome scan meta-analysis (GSMA) of the 32 genome-wide linkage studies. For these genes, we examined their enriched Gene Ontology (GO) annotations, identified significantly over-represented KEGG pathways, and, based on the genes in these pathways, extracted subnetworks from whole human protein-protein interaction network. Our results indicated that these schizophrenia candidate genes involve in important functions such as receptor activity, transcriptional regulation, neurobiological and signaling pathways, which support the neurotransmitter and neuroplasticity theories of schizophrenia. This study suggests that gene network and pathway is a powerful approach to uncovering the molecular mechanisms of complex diseases.
Dual band M-shaped UWB patch antenna for Wireless Body Area Networks

Increased health awareness in people and evolution of wearable computing, has unarguably attracted heightened interest and potential in development of comprehensive and practically feasible Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN). The paper reports on the full realization of ‘M’ shaped dual band on-body antenna for wireless body area networks operating in the ultra wide band range. The resonant bands are obtained in the frequency range of 5.47 to 5.68 GHz and 6.15 to 6.23 GHz offering a bandwidth of 200 and 80 megahertz respectively. Experimental results of the proposed antenna are demonstrated on universal software radio peripheral kit with a dual, frequency shift keying — frequency modulation. The input impedance, antenna efficiency, directivity, gain and radiation efficiency of the proposed antenna are72 Ω, 64 %, 7.30 dBi, 3.521 dBi and 75 % respectively. Furthermore, the compact size and negligible on body radiation makes it an ideal choice for operation in WBAN environment. Comparison with the existing dual band ‘E’ and ‘V’ shaped antennas vouches a strong candidature for the proposed architecture.
Negative Emotion Regulation in Patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Objective To explore the neural mechanisms of negative emotion regulation in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods Twenty PTSD patients and 20 healthy subjects were recruited. Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate the modification of emotional responses to negative stimuli. Participants were required to regulate their emotional reactions according to the auditory regulation instructions via headphones, to maintain, enhance or diminish responses to negative stimuli during fMRI scans. Results The PTSD group showed poorer modification performance than the control group when diminishing responses to negative stimuli. On fMRI, the PTSD group showed decreased activation in the inferior frontal cortex, inferior parietal lobule, insula and putamen, and increased activation in posterior cingulate cortex and amygdala during up-regulation of negative emotion. Similar decreased activation regions were found during down-regulation of negative emotion, but no increased activation was found. Conclusion Trauma exposure might impair the ability to down-regulate negative emotion. The present findings will improve our understanding of the neural mechanisms of emotion regulation underlying PTSD.
In-process detection of weld defects using laser-based ultrasound

Laser-based ultrasonic (LBU) measurement shows great promise for on-line monitoring of weld quality in tailor-welded blanks. Tailor-welded blanks are steel blanks made from plates of differing thicknesses and/or properties butt- welded together, they are used in automobile manufacturing to produce body, frame, and closure panels. LBU uses a pulsed laser to generate the ultrasound and a continuous wave laser interferometer to detect the ultrasound at the point of interrogation to perform ultrasonic inspection. LBU enables in-process measurements since there is no sensor contact or near-contact with the workpiece.
Saudi Tertiary Level Students' Cognition of Modal Auxiliaries Expressing Epistemic Possibility in English

The importance of studying modality as a tool that speakers use to convey their attitudes and evaluations is well documented. However, research on learners’ cognition of modality is at its beginning. This paper concentrates on the cognition of possibility in epistemic modal auxiliaries. It relies on what it calls utterance completion test to study the cognition of epistemic modality by 29 Saudi students and by 3 native speakers – one British and two Canadians. The data analysis shows that while the native speakers’ cognition is largely in line with linguists’ descriptions, the Saudi students’ cognition conforms very less to the linguists’ descriptions. It reveals that students tend to confuse epistemic modality with deontic modality, and within epistemic modality itself, they confuse possibility with necessity. Saudi students also have difficulties with past epistemic possibility and they confuse the present perfect with the past proposition residue carried by modals. The study attributes this confusion to L1 transfer and lack of familiarity with some pragmatic aspects related to the target language culture. To help learners develop their cognition of modality, the study recommends that grammar textbooks and grammar teachers focus in the first place on the semantic subtleties of modal auxiliaries, without ignoring the pragmatic dimension that accompanies the utterances in which they occur. The study does not question by any means teaching language in context to develop speaking, listening, writing, and reading skills.
Object-Video Streams for Preserving Privacy in Video Surveillance

This paper presents a framework for preserving privacy in video surveillance. Raw video is decomposed into a background and one or more object-video streams. Object-video streams can be combined to render the scene in a variety of ways: 1) The original video can be reconstructed from object-video streams without any data loss; 2) individuals in the scene can be represented as blobs, obscuring their identities; 3) foreground objects can be color coded to convey subtle scene information to the operator, again without revealing the identities of the individuals present in the scene; 4) the scene can be partially rendered, i.e., revealing the identities of some individuals, while preserving the anonymity of others. We evaluate our approach in a virtual train station environment populated by autonomous, lifelike virtual pedestrians.
Genome and Transcriptome Analysis of the Food-Yeast Candida utilis

The industrially important food-yeast Candida utilis is a Crabtree effect-negative yeast used to produce valuable chemicals and recombinant proteins. In the present study, we conducted whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of C. utilis, which showed that this yeast diverged long before the formation of the CUG and Saccharomyces/Kluyveromyces clades. In addition, we performed comparative genome and transcriptome analyses using next-generation sequencing, which resulted in the identification of genes important for characteristic phenotypes of C. utilis such as those involved in nitrate assimilation, in addition to the gene encoding the functional hexose transporter. We also found that an antisense transcript of the alcohol dehydrogenase gene, which in silico analysis did not predict to be a functional gene, was transcribed in the stationary-phase, suggesting a novel system of repression of ethanol production. These findings should facilitate the development of more sophisticated systems for the production of useful reagents using C. utilis.
The Vascular Endothelium and Human Diseases

Alterations of endothelial cells and the vasculature play a central role in the pathogenesis of a broad spectrum of the most dreadful of human diseases, as endothelial cells have the key function of participating in the maintenance of patent and functional capillaries. The endothelium is directly involved in peripheral vascular disease, stroke, heart disease, diabetes, insulin resistance, chronic kidney failure, tumor growth, metastasis, venous thrombosis, and severe viral infectious diseases. Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium is thus a hallmark of human diseases. In this review the main endothelial abnormalities found in various human diseases such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and viral infections are addressed.
Business-to-Business Activity of Electronic Commerce with a Focus on the Procurement Processes of Industrial Firms ( Case : Automobile Industry )

Kansantaloustieteen laitoksen laitosneuvoston kokouksessa 2001 hyväksytty arvosanalla erinomainen, 80 pistettä ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was carried out for Accenture's Helsinki Office and I would like to thank Accenture for providing the opportunity to write the thesis in an environment that is highly educational and thriving always for new and better information. Especially, I would like to thank my instructor, Juha Pylkkö, and all the persons I interviewed for this thesis at Accenture's Helsinki and Paris Offices. positive attitude to the writing process and also for the numerous ideas and insights relating to the subject. Finally, I would like to thank my family and all my friends for their encouragement and support during the writing process. I would like to thank them also for their valuable feedback. Objectives The subject of this thesis is electronic business (eBusiness) and its business-to-business (b2b) activity. Two main driving forces for the writing of this study have been, firstly, the immense expected growth in this area and, secondly, a certain research gap coming from the fact that, in the past, the media attention as well as the research focus has been on the business-to-consumer (b2c) activity of electronic commerce (eCommerce). The main objective of the thesis is to provide the latest information concerning b2b eBusiness. This study aims at presenting models and frameworks that companies can use in order to integrate eBusiness as an important part of their business. This study concentrates on the procurement processes of industrial enterprises. Methodology We look at the subject from the point of view of the automobile industry. In our opinion, the automobile industry is pedagogically very convenient for this type of research as it is highly versatile, multidimensional, and global. All the possible métiers can be found within this industry: a car company has to handle various tasks ranging from industrial engineering and product development to marketing and public relations. March 2001. Important information concerning especially the automobile industry was gathered from these interviews. Findings A key finding of this study is the framework for the identification of an appropriate procurement model. We begin with the hypothesis that the procurement process for strategically important inputs has to differ from the process used for acquiring strategically unimportant inputs. A framework for this identification of the strategic inputs will be introduced, and then contemplation on the appropriate procurement tools and models to be used in each of these two cases will …
A Formal Framework for Cloud Systems

Cloud Computing is an emerging topic with high potentials in the IT industry. Its offered services need to be adapted to deal with variations caused by hostile environment, such as the Internet. Hence, a challenging issue in Cloud systems architecture is to model and analyze cloud-based services. However, few work has been dedicated to guarantee safe and secure adaptable services. The main objective of this chapter is to propose a formal framework for specifying cloud systems and offering analysis support to model-check their inherent properties. Based on Bigraphical Reactive Systems, the formalization process is achieved via the definition of the BiCloud-Arch model. Then, cloud architecture dynamics is formalized by a set of generic reaction rules to be applied on the obtained bigraphical model. This chapter also addresses a mapping from the proposed model (BiCloud-Arch) to a Maude-based formal executable specification (BiCloud-2M). On this basis, the proposed BiCloud Maude-based Model Checker (BMMC) is used to formally verify some Cloud system properties.
Semi-deterministic ternary matrix for compressed sensing

For the random {0,±1} ternary matrix, it is interesting to determine the number of nonzero elements required for good compressed sensing performance. By seeking the best RIP, this paper proposes a semi-deterministic ternary matrix, which is of deterministic nonzero positions but random signs. In practice, it presents better performance than common random ternary matrices and Gaussian random matrices.
Lumping Method with Acceleration for the PageRank Computation

Web information retrieval is extremely challenging due to the huge number of web pages. The success of a search engine relies on its capacity to deploy fast, accurately and in order, a set of results satisfying a particular query. To determine the order of importance in which to display web pages after a query, Google's search engine computes the Page Rank vector, the left principal eigenvector of a web matrix that is related to the hyperlink structure of the web, the Google matrix. From a computational mathematics viewpoint the most important part of the Google search engine is the Page Rank computation, mainly the numerical linear algebra behind as well as the use of adequate techniques to accelerate its computation. In this work we intend to contribute for the acceleration of the Page Rank computation by combining reordered techniques with extrapolation. We propose a novel algorithm by considering standard extrapolation within the lumping method. Results show the benefits from our proposal.
NTU Approaches to Subtopic Mining and Document Ranking at NTCIR-9 Intent Task

express their information needs in terms of queries to find the relevant documents on the web. However, users' queries are usually short, so that search engines may not have enough information to determine their exact intents. How to diversify web search results to cover users' possible intents as wide as possible is an important research issue. In this paper, we will propose several subtopic mining approaches and show how to diversify the search results by the mined subtopics. For Subtopic Mining subtask, we explore various subtopic mining algorithms that mine subtopics of a query from enormous documents on the web. For Document Ranking subtask, we propose re-ranking algorithms that keep the top-ranked results to contain as many popular subtopics as possible. The re-ranking algorithms apply sub-topics mined from subtopic mining algorithms to diversify the search results. The best performance of our system achieves an I- rec@10 (Intent Recall) of 0.4683, a D-nDCG@10 of 0.6546 and a D#-nDCG@10 of 0.5615 on Chinese Subtopic Mining subtask of NTCIR-9 Intent task and an I-rec@10 of 0.6180, a D-nDCG@10 of 0.3314 and a D#-nDCG@10 of 0.4747 on Chinese Document Ranking subtask of NTCIR-9 Intent task. Besides, the best performance of our system achieves an I-rec@10 of 0.4442, a D- nDCG@10 of 0.4244 and a D#-nDCG@10 of 0.4343 on Japanese Subtopic Mining subtask of NTCIR-9 Intent task and an I-rec@10 of 0.5975, a D-nDCG@10 of 0.2953 and a D#-nDCG@10 of 0.4464 on Japanese Document Ranking subtask.
Advanced time-correlated single photon counting techniques for spectroscopy and imaging in biomedical systems

Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is based on the detection of single photons of a periodic light signal, measurement of the detection time of the photons, and the build-up of the photon distribution versus the time in the signal period. TCSPC achieves a near ideal counting efficiency and transit-time-spread-limited time resolution for a given detector. The drawback of traditional TCSPC is the low count rate, long acquisition time, and the fact that the technique is one-dimensional, i.e. limited to the recording of the pulse shape of light signals. We present an advanced TCSPC technique featuring multi-dimensional photon acquisition and a count rate close to the capability of currently available detectors. The technique is able to acquire photon distributions versus wavelength, spatial coordinates, and the time on the ps scale, and to record fast changes in the fluorescence lifetime and fluorescence intensity of a sample. Biomedical applications of advanced TCSPC techniques are time-domain optical tomography, recording of transient phenomena in biological systems, spectrally resolved fluorescence lifetime imaging, FRET experiments in living cells, and the investigation of dye-protein complexes by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. We demonstrate the potential of the technique for selected applications.
Modified current prediction control strategy for suppressing commutation torque ripple in brushless DC motor

Commutation torque ripple exists in brushless DC motor because of its unique control strategy. This paper presents detailed analysis on mechanism of commutation torque ripple in brushless DC motor. By means of equalizing the rising slope of incoming phase and falling slope of outgoing phase current, the commutation torque ripple can be minimized effectively. The modified current prediction control strategy combines the PWM-PWM method with the current prediction control strategy to keep the non-commutation phase current constant. This is also a modified PWM-ON control method. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is validated by Simulink, which minimizes the commutation torque ripple obviously.
Novel Hierarchical Test Architecture for SOC Test Methodology Using IEEE Test Standards

Abstract? SOC test methodology in ultra deep submicron (UDSM) technology with reasonable test time and cost has begun to satisfy high quality and reliability of the product. A novel hierarchical test architecture using IEEE standard 1149.1, 1149.7 and 1500 compliant facilities is proposed for the purpose of supporting flexible test environment to ensure SOC test methodology. Each embedded core in a systemon-a-chip (SOC) is controlled by test access ports (TAP) and TAP controller of IEEE standard 1149.1 as well as tested using IEEE standard 1500. An SOC device including TAPed cores is hierarchically organized by IEEE standard 1149.7 in wafer and chip level. As a result, it is possible to select/deselect all cores embedded in an SOC flexibly and reduce test cost dramatically using star scan topology.
SPECTRAL FLOW AND WINDING NUMBER IN VON NEUMANN ALGEBRAS

We introduce a new topology, weaker than the gap topology, on the space of self-adjoint operators affiliated to a semifinite von Neumann algebra. We define the real-valued spectral flow for a continuous path of self-adjoint Breuer–Fredholm operators in terms of a generalization of the winding number. We compare our definition with Phillips's analytical definition and derive integral formulae for the spectral flow for certain paths of unbounded operators with common domain, generalizing those of Carey and Phillips. Furthermore, we prove the homotopy invariance of the real-valued index. As an example we consider invariant symmetric elliptic differential operators on Galois coverings.
Postnatal Development of Phase-Locked High-Fidelity Synaptic Transmission in the Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body of the Rat

Synaptic transmission in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body of rats was analyzed in postnatal days 4–13 (P4–P13) by applying the whole-cell patch-recording technique to brain slices. In P4–P6 animals, evoked EPSCs fluctuated extensively in amplitude and occurred in marked asynchrony, followed by spontaneous EPSCs. With development of animals, the evoked EPSCs increased in amplitude, and the rise time became faster. In addition, the synaptic transmission became phase-locked. The coefficient of variation (CV) of EPSC amplitude decreased with development (0.32 ± 0.03 for P4–P5 and 0.05 ± 0.01 for P9–P11). The amplitude of miniature EPSCs did not change throughout the postnatal days investigated (−30.2 ± 0.3 pA at −70 mV). The CV was dependent on extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o) and was reduced with the increase of [Ca2+]o, and this [Ca2+]o dependence was shifted toward lower [Ca2+]o with development. Direct patch recording of the presynaptic terminals demonstrated an increase in Ca2+ currents during these postnatal days. The phase-locked high-fidelity transmission in this synapse is achieved with development likely through the increase of Ca2+ currents and Ca2+sensitivity of transmitter release mechanisms in the presynaptic terminal.
A comprehensive model of the supercomputer workload

As with any computer system, the performance of supercomputers depends upon the workloads that serve as their input. Unfortunately, however, there are many important aspects of the supercomputer workloads that have not been modeled, or that have been modeled only incipiently. This paper attacks this problem by considering requested time (and its relation with execution time) and the possibility of job cancellation, two aspects of the supercomputer workload that have not been modeled yet. Moreover, we also improve upon existing models for the arrival instant and partition size.