Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rethinking Planetary Boundaries: Accounting for Ecological Limits

ABSTRACT The concept of planetary boundaries offers a framework for understanding and managing humanity’s impact on Earth’s ecological systems. These boundaries mean to delineate a safe operating space in which human activities must remain to ensure the stability of critical Earth processes. Notwithstanding its potential, the planetary boundaries framework faces criticism for its reductionist nature, technocratic approach, and the lack of consideration given to social issues. This commentary explores current accounting research relating to planetary boundaries and emphasises the need for a broader range of interdisciplinary, inclusive, and holistic approaches towards accounting for ecological limits. Drawing from fields such as political ecology, ecofeminism, and environmental justice, we highlight the importance of considering social, economic, and political forces in shaping planetary boundaries. We also recognise the potential challenges in reconciling different forms of accounting for ecological limits and the varieties of knowledge involved. We thus propose maintaining a pluralism of approaches in fostering open communication between the diverse senses and meanings of planetary boundaries and the ecological limits which they articulate. An accounting for planetary boundaries in which diverse ways of knowing, sensing, modelling, and narrating can coexist will encourage, we hope, a more holistic, open, and congenial understanding of our planetary situation.
Novel aspect of essential oils with a history of antimicrobial activity to be used as a potential source of carbon and nitrogen for the nutrition of Candida pathogens

Essential oils (EOs) are complex aromatic compounds with a broad range of biological activities. Those with a history of antimicrobial action were evaluated in this study as a nutritional source for pathogenic Candida. Clinical isolates of Candida spp. were cultivated on two types of media with six types of EOs (aniseed, purple nutsedge, harmal, camphor, black seed, and linseed). One medium contained only glucose (GM) and the second contained only peptone (PM). Many EOs in GM encouraged the growth of several Candida isolates. The EOs in PM showed low support to many isolates. Isolate 2 of C. albicans was the most effective strain to use with nearly every EO tested in the two media. In conclusion, EOs can be used as a source of carbon and nitrogen depending on the type of EO and fungal species. In an environment with less nutrients, EO may be recommended as a nutrient source for fungi rather than for its known antifungal activity.
Ethical and Value Conflicts’ Impact on Multicultural Teaching

Values ​​and ethics are very important and necessary in multicultural teaching so that teaching can take place effectively and optimally. Students and teachers must contribute to each other in realizing effective teaching by applying good and polite values ​​and ethics. In multicultural teaching, not everything goes according to what is expected. Obstacles often arise, making it a problem or conflict of values ​​and ethics in multicultural teaching. The existence of differences in ethnicity, nation, culture, economy and background between fellow students and teachers is one of the factors in the emergence of conflicts in values ​​and ethics. The aim of this research is to describe the value and ethical conflicts that occur in multicultural teaching, as well as finding solutions that can be implemented to minimize value and ethical conflicts in multicultural teaching. This research uses quantitative methods, data obtained through distributing questionnaires. The questionnaire was distributed using Google Form, stating several statements to be answered by respondents. The results of this research explain that there is a conflict of values ​​and ethics in multicultural teaching which can have an impact on the multicultural teaching process. The implication of this research is to find out what value and ethical conflicts exist in multicultural teaching and find solutions to these problems so that the teaching process can take place optimally and run effectively.
Examining how coolness of service robots influences customers' delight: mediating role of perceived values

PurposeWhen encountering novel technology, customers often use the term “cool” to express their thoughts; therefore, coolness has become crucial for launching service robots. However, research on the impact mechanism of “coolness” is lacking. This study explored the relationship between delight and behavioral intention regarding the coolness of service robots in the food and beverage industry while discussing the mediating roles of utilitarian and hedonic values.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires were distributed online with links to the survey posted on restaurant discussion boards on Facebook and online community platforms such as Dcard. In total, 540 responses were deemed valid. The hypotheses were tested using the partial least squares structural equation modeling method.FindingsThe results indicate that coolness positively impacted both utilitarian and hedonic values and that both perceived values positively impacted delight. Moreover, coolness does not directly impact delight but must be mediated by perceived value to be effective.Practical implicationsIncreasing customer perceptions of the coolness of service robots is recommended. Moreover, regarding customer revisits, utilitarian value services can delight customers more effectively than hedonic value services.Originality/valueThe stimulus-organism-response model was used to identify the relationships among coolness, perceived value, delight and behavioral intention. Moreover, the authors investigated the impact of coolness on utilitarian and hedonic values. These findings are significant for the development of smart restaurants and provide a critical reference for exploring service robots.
Raman-dielectrophoresis goes viral: towards a rapid and label-free platform for plant virus characterization

An innovative spectroscopic method that allows to chemically and structurally characterize viruses directly in suspension within few minutes was developed. A library of five different plant viruses was obtained combining dielectrophoresis (DEP), performed with a device specifically designed to capture and agglomerate virus particles, and Raman spectroscopy to provide a chemical fingerprint of virions. The tested viruses, purified from infected plants, were chosen for their economic impact on horticultural crops and for their different morphological and structural features. Using the Raman-DEP device, specific profiles for each virus were successfully obtained, relying on chemical differences occurring even with genetically similar viruses belonging to the same taxonomic species and morphologically indiscernible by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, we investigated the potentiality of Raman-DEP to follow dynamic changes occurring upon heat treatment of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) particles. Raman peak deviations linked to TMV coat protein conformation were observed upon treatment at temperatures equal or higher than 85°C, substantiating the rod-to-spherical shape transitions observed by TEM and the concomitant drastic loss of infectivity following plant inoculation. Overall, the Raman-DEP method can be useful for the characterization of virus (nano)particles, setting the basis to create a database suitable for the study of viruses or virus derived-nanoparticles relevant for the agricultural, medical, or biotechnological fields.
Analysis of the Frequency of Mutations at Diagnostic Oligonucleotide Sites and Their Impact on the Efficiency of PCR for HIV-1

The development of effective diagnostic kits for HIV-1 remains a pressing concern. We designed diagnostic oligonucleotides for HIV-1 real-time PCR to target the most conserved region of the HIV-1 genome and assessed the mutation frequency at annealing sites. Two databases of nucleotide sequences, Los Alamos and NCBI, were analyzed, revealing that more than 99% of the sequences either lack mutations or contain 1–2 mutations at the binding site of the forward and reverse primers. Additionally, 98.5% of the sequences either lack mutations or contain 1–2 mutations at the binding site of the TaqMan probe. To evaluate the efficiency of primers and the probe in real-time PCR in the case of mutations at their binding sites, we constructed several plasmids containing the most common mutations and, in a model experiment, showed how different mutations affect the efficiency of PCR. Our analysis demonstrated that about 98.5% of HIV-1 strains can be efficiently detected using a single pair of selected primers. For the remaining 1.5% of strains, a more careful selection of the second target is needed.
Concentration and size distribution of aerosol particles during 2011 Spring Festival in Lanzhou

The air pollution characteristics during the Spring Festival in Lanzhou were investigated.Measurements for particles in the size range 0.5 to 20 μm were taken using a TSI particle sizer from 25th January to 18th February,2011 in urban Lanzhou.Elevated particle concentrations were observed from 3rd to 8th February,2011 due to the firework burning.The result showed that the most affected periods by fireworks burning were 00:00~01:00 and 21:00~22:00 on 3rd February 2011.During 00:00~01:00 on 3rd February,the average particle number,surface area and volume concentrations in the size range 0.5~20μm were(310.3±97.2)/cm3,(1061.6±396.0)μm2/cm3and(409.9±176.0) μm3/cm3,respectively,which were 6.10,7.72 and 9.93 times higher than that in normal days during the Spring Festival.The firework emissions affected particle concentration in different sizes with different extent.For number and volume concentrations,the most affected size range was 0.542~1. 382μm and 3.278~8. 354μm,respectively,while for surface area concentrations,the most affected size range were 0.542~1. 981μm and 3.278~8. 354μm. The volume median diameters for particle volume size distributions in normal days appeared most frequently around 0. 85μm and 5. 50μm,while that affected by fireworks appeared most frequently around 0. 93μm and 5. 50μm,indicating the growth of accumulation particles during fireworks burning.
Herpetofauna of Montane Areas of Tanzania. 3. Amphibian Diversity in the Northwestern Eastern Arc Mountains, with the Description of a New Species of Arthroleptis (Anura: Arthroleptidae)

Abstract Amphibians of the Eastern Arc Mountains are poorly known, apart from those of the East Usambara, Uluguru, and Udzungwa Mountains. Here, we detail specimens collected in the northwestern Eastern Arc Mountains (West Usambara, South Pare, and North Pare) over the past 100 years. Although not comprehensive, the list is compiled from specimens held at institutions in Europe and the United States and in personal collections; it includes most of the specimens known from this area. From these specimens, we describe one new species of the frog genus Arthroleptis and discuss other specimens that may represent new species. We add substantially to the known diversity in these areas. Using the compiled species list, we assess species diversity and relate the differences to sampling bias and possible biogeographic differences among the mountains. The future preservation of amphibians across this area is of concern given the increasing loss of forest.
Morimotoite, Ca3TiFe2+Si3O12, a new titanian garnet from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

Abstract Morimotoite, Ca3TiFe2+Si3O12, has been found in contaminated rocks which are considered to be a kind of endoskarn at Fuka, Bitchu-Cho, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. Morimotoite is derived from andradite, Ca3Fe23-Si3O12, by the substitution Ti + Fe2+ = 2Fe3+. It is associated with calcite, vesuvianite, grossular, wollastonite, hematite, prehnite, fluorapatite, perovskite, zircon, baddeleyite and calzirtite. It is cubic with space group Ia3d. The unit cell dimension a is 12.162(3) Å. Its refractive index n is 1.995(2) and the density 3.75(2) g cm−3 (meas.), 3.80 g cm−3(calc.). The Mohs' hardness is 7.5. Calculation of the analytical data on the basis of twelve oxygen atoms and eight cations shows that this mineral has a simplified chemical formula Ca3(Ti,Fe2+Fe3+)2(Si,Fe3+)3O12 where Ti > Fe2+ > 0.5. Morimotoite was synthesized at low oxygen fugacities, 650 and 700°C and 1 kbar total pressure.
YOLOv5 UAV Detection Algorithm Based on Attention Mechanism

To address the poor accuracy issue with tiny target recognition by UAVs, this study provides an improved YOLOv5 detection method with an attention mechanism. Firstly, CBAM is integrated into Backbone to suppress irrelevant features and enhance the network’s attention to space and channels. This can help the network learn more discriminative representations of objects in the image. Then, the introduction to Biformer in Neck removes redundant information on the algorithm structure, endows the network with dynamic query-aware sparsity, and enhances its ability to detect small targets. The experimental findings demonstrate that the suggested algorithm model has a detection accuracy of 84.6% on average. in the self-built UAV dataset, and can accurately complete the detection task of small UAV targets.
INFLUENCE OF NARCISSISM ON COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIORS: A MODERATION OF ETHICAL CLIMATE

At workplace, dealing with peoples who are positive by nature and shows humbleness is much easier than unconstructive, and narcissistic. This study investigated the impact of narcissism on the counterproductive work behaviors in the audit firms of Pakistan. The moderating role of the ethical climate has been analyzed in the relationship of narcissism and counterproductive work behaviors. PROCESS-macro was used to test the moderated effect of the ethical climate. Confirmatory factor analysis was also used to check the validity of the data. The finding of the study revealed that there is a positive relationship between narcissism and counterproductive work behaviors. Furthermore, the study demonstrated higher level of ethical climate reduces the effects of narcissism on counterproductive work behaviors. This study provides meaningful insights to the managerial practitioners on how they can decrease negative work behaviors of the employees by reducing narcissism. Furthermore, this study contributed to the ethical climate theory and suggested that ethical climate played significant role in weakening the effect of narcissism on employees’ counterproductive work behaviors.
Three-dimensional gravity inversion for Moho depth at rifted continental margins incorporating a lithosphere thermal gravity anomaly correction

SUMMARY This paper describes a method for determining Moho depth, lithosphere thinning factor (γ = 1 − 1/β) and the location of the ocean‐continent transition at rifted continental margins using 3-D gravity inversion which includes a correction for the large negative lithosphere thermal gravity anomaly within continental margin lithosphere. The lateral density changes caused by the elevated geotherm in thinned continental margin and adjacent ocean basin lithosphere produce a significant lithosphere thermal gravity anomaly which may be in excess of −100 mGal, and for which a correction must be made in order to determine Moho depth accurately from gravity inversion. We describe a method of iteratively calculating the lithosphere thermal gravity anomaly using a lithosphere thermal model to give the present-day temperature field from which we calculate the lithosphere thermal density and gravity anomalies. For continental margin lithosphere, the lithosphere thermal perturbation is calculated from the lithosphere thinning factor (γ = 1 − 1/β) obtained from crustal thinning determined by gravity inversion and breakup age for thermal re-equilibration time. For oceanic lithosphere, the lithosphere thermal model used to predict the lithosphere thermal gravity anomaly may be conditioned using ocean isochrons from plate reconstruction models to provide the age and location of oceanic lithosphere. A correction is made for crustal melt addition due to decompression melting during continental breakup and seafloor spreading. We investigate the sensitivity of the lithosphere thermal gravity anomaly and the predicted Moho depth from gravity inversion at continental rifted margins to the methods used to calculate and condition the lithosphere thermal model using both synthetic models and examples from the North Atlantic.
Utilizing random forest algorithm for early detection of academic underperformance in open learning environments

Background One of the primary benefits of Open Learning Environments (OLEs) is their scalability. OLEs provide flexible and accessible learning opportunities to a large number of students, often on a global scale. This scalability has led to the development of OLEs that cover a wide range of subjects and disciplines, from computer science and engineering to humanities and social sciences. However, the scalability of OLEs also presents some challenges i.e., it can be too difficult to provide personalized support and feedback to individuals. Early prediction of student performance can improve the learning experience of students by providing early interventions and support. Method The specific objective of this study was to build a model that identifies at-risk students and allows for timely interventions to promote their academic achievement. The random forest classifier model has been used for analyzing anonymized large datasets available from Open University Learning Analytics (OULAD) to identify patterns and relationships among various factors that contribute to student success or failure. Results The findings of this study suggest that this algorithm achieved 90% accuracy in identifying students who may be at risk and providing them with the necessary support to succeed.
Machine Learning Models for Predicting Molecular Diffusion in Metal–Organic Frameworks Accounting for the Impact of Framework Flexibility

Molecular diffusion in MOFs plays an important role in determining whether equilibrium can be reached in adsorption-based chemical separations and is a key driving force in membrane-based separations. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have shown that in some cases inclusion of framework flexibility in MOF changes predicted molecular diffusivities by orders of magnitude relative to more efficient MD simulations using rigid structures. Despite this, all previous efforts to predict molecular diffusion in MOFs in a high-throughput way have relied on MD data from rigid structures. We use a diverse data set of MD simulations in flexible and rigid MOFs to develop a classification model that reliably predicts whether framework flexibility has a strong impact on molecular diffusion in a given MOF/molecule pair. We then combine this approach with previous high-throughput MD simulations to develop a reliable model that efficiently predicts molecular diffusivities in cases in which framework flexibility can be neglected. The use of this approach is illustrated by making predictions of molecular diffusivities in ∼70,000 MOF/molecule pairs for molecules relevant to gas separations.
Evaporative Evolution of a Na-Cl-NO3-K-Ca-SO4-Mg-Si Brine at 95(degree)C: Experiments and Modeling relevant to Yucca Mountain, Nevada, USA

A synthetic Topopah Spring Tuff water representative of one type of pore water at Yucca Mountain, Nevada (USA) was evaporated at 95 C in a series of experiments to determine the geochemical controls for brines that may form on, and possibly impact upon the long-term integrity of waste containers and drip shields at the designated high-level, nuclear-waste repository. Solution chemistry, condensed vapor chemistry, and precipitate mineralogy were used to identify important chemical divides and to validate geochemical calculations of evaporating water chemistry using a high temperature Pitzer thermodynamic database. The water evolved towards a complex ''sulfate type'' brine that contained about 45 mol% Na, 40 mol% Cl, 9 mol% NO{sub 3}, 5 mol% K, and less than 1 mol% each of SO{sub 4}, Ca, Mg, {Sigma}CO{sub 2}(aq), F, and Si. All measured ions in the condensed vapor phase were below detection limits. The mineral precipitates identified were halite, anhydrite, bassanite, niter and nitratine. Trends in the solution composition and identification of CaSO{sub 4} solids suggest that fluorite, carbonate, sulfate, and magnesium-silicate precipitation control the aqueous solution composition of sulfate type waters by removing fluoride, calcium, and magnesium during the early stages of evaporation. In most cases, the high temperature Pitzer database, used by EQ3/6 geochemical code, sufficiently predicts water composition and mineral precipitation during evaporation. Predicted solution compositions are generally within a factor of two of the experimental values. The model predicts that sepiolite, bassanite, amorphous silica, calcite, halite and brucite are the solubility controlling mineral phases.
A laser-ultrasonic based sensor fusion framework for height measurement during the stone crushing process

It is a challenging work to monitor the height of the material pile via laser measurement due to the influence of high-concentration dust in a moving crushing line. At present, although the error of using only ultrasonic radar is small, the monitoring range is limited, while using only laser radar to monitor materials is highly affected by dust environments and may fail in high dust environments. To overcome this limitation, a height measurement based on the laser-ultrasonic radar fusion method was proposed to monitor material height in mobile crushing line. Firstly, the proposed method used laser scanning to obtain the three-dimensional point cloud of the material surface through point cloud preprocessing and calculated the material height. Secondly, considering that the concentration of dust has a great impact on the monitoring of the material level height, the experimental data on the change of the material level height with the concentration of dust were obtained, and the monitoring error was fitted to improve the accuracy of the material level height detection. Finally, in order to further reduce the error, the monitoring data of the ultrasonic radar was integrated to reduce the influence of dust on the detection of the material level height. The results showed that the average error was reduced to 22.65 mm when the dust concentration was below 200 mg m−3, and the average error was reduced to 32.14 mm when the dust concentration was higher than 200 mg m−3. The experimental results in different dust concentration environments demonstrated that the proposed method can effectively detect the point cloud shape and material level height of the material in real applications, which effectively improves the accuracy of material height detection by combining the three-dimensional laser points of the laser radar and the penetrability of the ultrasonic radar in high-concentration dust.