Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vibrotactile and pseudo force presentation using motor rotational acceleration

Linear vibration actuators such as the Force Reactor from Alps Electric Co. or the Haptuator from Tactile Labs Inc. are actively used to present numerous tactile sensation to the fingertip. They have high responsiveness compared with conventional eccentric rotating mass vibration motors, and are also able to produce pseudo-haptic illusions when asymmetric signals are applied. However, this type of actuator has certain design challenges, such as resonance via the spring attached to the vibration mass, and limited acceleration amplitude at low frequency because of the limited travel distance of the mass. In our study, we propose a new haptic presentation method using the rotational motor's counterforce that occurs during acceleration. We use the rotor of motor itself as the vibration mass, so the mass can move indefinitely without limitation. This paper reports on the use of a DC motor as a vibration actuator. The results show that the response time of a DC motor is about 3 ms, which is faster than current linear vibration actuators. The peak amplitude of vibration is at a low frequency (about 40 Hz). We also found that a DC motor is able to provide a rotational pseudo-force sensation. The combination of vibration and pseudo-force produced by a single motor allows a wide range of haptic presentation to the fingertips.
Hesperidin and Rutin, Antioxidant Citrus Flavonoids, Attenuate Cisplatin‐Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

This study aimed to assess the protective effect of hesperidin (HES) and rutin (RUT) against cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity in male rats. Cisplatin (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) caused significant increases in serum sodium, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, total sodium and potassium excreted in urine, urine volume, and lipid peroxides measured as the malondialdehyde content of kidney, with significant decreases in serum total protein, creatinine clearance, reduced glutathione content of kidney, and kidney superoxide dismutase activity as compared with the control group. On the other hand, administration of HES (200 mg/kg, per oral [p.o.]) or RUT (30 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days with a single cisplatin dose on the tenth day ameliorated the cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity as indicated by the restoration of kidney function and oxidative stress biomarkers. Furthermore, the test drugs reduced the histopathological changes induced by cisplatin. In conclusion, HES and RUT showed protective effects against cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity.
Industrialised SPAD in 40 nm technology

We present the first mature SPAD device in advanced 40 nm technology. For the first time we also show dedicated microlens fabrication on top of SPADs integrated in the same technology node. A high fill factor >70% is reported together with a low DCR median of 50cps at room temperature and a high PDP of 5% at 840nm. By taking advantage of the small digital node, a larger amount of logic can be integrated inside the pixel, which is ready to be ported to a 3D stacked technology, where the logic is implemented in a fully digital dedicated layer [1].
Targeted Disruption of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus ORF57 in the Viral Genome Is Detrimental for the Expression of ORF59, K8α, and K8.1 and the Production of Infectious Virus

ABSTRACT Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) ORF57 regulates viral gene expression at the posttranscriptional level during viral lytic infection. To study its function in the context of the viral genome, we disrupted KSHV ORF57 in the KSHV genome by transposon-based mutagenesis. The insertion of the transposon into the ORF57 exon 2 region also interrupted the 3′ untranslated region of KSHV ORF56, which overlaps with the ORF57 coding region. The disrupted viral genome, Bac36-Δ57, did not express ORF57, ORF59, K8α, K8.1, or a higher level of polyadenylated nuclear RNA after butyrate induction and could not be induced to produce infectious viruses in the presence of valproic acid, a histone deacetylase inhibitor and a novel KSHV lytic cycle inducer. The ectopic expression of ORF57 partially complemented the replication deficiency of the disrupted KSHV genome and the expression of the lytic gene ORF59. The induced production of infectious virus particles from the disrupted KSHV genome was also substantially restored by the simultaneous expression of both ORF57 and ORF56; complementation by ORF57 alone only partially restored the production of virus, and expression of ORF56 alone showed no effect. Altogether, our data indicate that in the context of the viral genome, KSHV ORF57 is essential for ORF59, K8α, and K8.1 expression and infectious virus production.
Priorities for Future Public Health Research in Orofacial Clefts

The National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a workshop in January 2006, entitled “Prioritizing a Research Agenda for Orofacial Clefts. ” The goals of the meeting were to review existing research on orofacial clefts (OFCs), identify gaps in knowledge that need additional public health research, and develop a prioritized research agenda that can help guide future public health research. Experts in the field of epidemiology, public health, genetics, psychology, speech pathology, dentistry, and health economics participated to create the research agenda. Research gaps identified by the participants for additional public health research included: the roles of maternal nutrition, obesity, and diabetes in the etiology of OFCs; psychosocial outcomes for children with OFCs; the quality of life for families and children with OFCs; and the health care costs of OFCs. To create the research agenda, the participants prioritized the research gaps by public health importance, feasibility, and outcomes of interest. This report summarizes the workshop.
Electromagnetic Characteristics of Bi-2212 Test Coils at High Field During Quench

We present further progress on the development of insert coils using round wires of the high-temperature superconductor Bi-2212 material. Several different-sized configurations of coils have been manufactured with variation of coil length as well as number of layers. The coils have been tested at 4.2 K in various background field values up to 20 T using a wide bore low-temperature superconducting magnet. The electromagnetic stress characteristics of the insert coils and performance under quench will be discussed.
Minor Histocompatibility Antigens on Canine Hemopoietic Progenitor Cells1

Adoptive immunotherapy with CTL against minor histocompatibility Ags (mHA) provides a promising way to treat leukemia relapse in allogeneic chimeras. Here we describe the in vitro generation of CTL against mHA in the dog. We tested their inhibitory effect on the growth of hemopoietic progenitor cells stimulated by hemopoietic growth factors in a 4-day suspension culture. CTL were produced by coculture of donor PBMC with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs). These DCs were characterized by morphology, high expression of MHC class II and CD1a, and the absence of the monocyte-specific marker CD14. Characteristically these cells stimulated allogeneic lymphocytes (MLR) and, after pulsing with a foreign Ag (keyhole limpet hemocyanin), autologous T cells. CTL were generated either ex vivo by coculture with DCs of DLA-identical littermates or in vivo by immunization of the responder with DCs obtained from a DLA-identical littermate. In suspension culture assays the growth of hemopoietic progenitor cells was inhibited in 53% of DLA-identical littermate combinations. In canine families mHA segregated with DLA as restriction elements. One-way reactivity against mHA was found in five littermate combinations. In two cases mHA might be Y chromosome associated, in three cases autosomally inherited alleles were detected. We conclude that CTL can be produced in vitro and in vivo against mHA on canine hemopoietic progenitor cells using bone marrow-derived DCs.
Identification of a Theileria mutans‐specific antigen for use in an antibody and antigen detection ELISA

Summary Purified piroplasms of Theileria mutans were used to immunize BALB/c mice to generate monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). The MoAbs recognized an antigen of a relative molecular mass of 32 kDa in Western blots. This antigen was also recognized by sera from cattle which had recovered naturally from experimental tick‐transmission or infections induced by the blood stages of T. mutans. The MoAbs did not react, in indirect immunofluorescence or enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), with the common haemoparasites of cattle, namely, T. parva, T. annulata, Babesia bigemina, B. bovis, Anaplasma marginale, Trypanosoma congolense, T. vivax or T. brucei. An antigen capture ELISA was established with two of the MoAbs which recognized different epitopes on the 32 kDa molecule. Using this test it was possible to detect circulating antigens or immune complexes in sera collected from cattle during the acute or chronic phases of infection. When the purified 32 kDa protein was used as antigen in a micro‐ELISA to detect circulating antibodies in both experimental and field cattle sera, it was found that the titres of antibodies ranged between 1:20 and 1:10 240. Results of this study indicate that the antigen and immune complex capture assays and the antibody detection ELISA can be complementary in the immunodiagnosis of acute and chronic T. mutans infections. Moreover, the tests are useful in the differential diagnosis of the disease and for epidemiological studies.
A Role for Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase during Leaf Senescence1

Lipid analysis of rosette leaves from Arabidopsis has revealed an accumulation of triacylglycerol (TAG) with advancing leaf senescence coincident with an increase in the abundance and size of plastoglobuli. The terminal step in the biosynthesis of TAG in Arabidopsis is catalyzed by diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1; EC 2.3.1.20). When gel blots of RNA isolated from rosette leaves at various stages of development were probed with the Arabidopsis expressed sequence tag clone, E6B2T7, which has been annotated as DGAT1, a steep increase in DGAT1 transcript levels was evident in the senescing leaves coincident with the accumulation of TAG. The increase in DGAT1 transcript correlated temporally with enhanced levels of DGAT1 protein detected immunologically. Two lines of evidence indicated that the TAG of senescing leaves is synthesized in chloroplasts and sequesters fatty acids released from the catabolism of thylakoid galactolipids. First, TAG isolated from senescing leaves proved to be enriched in hexadecatrienoic acid (16:3) and linolenic acid (18:3), which are normally present in thylakoid galactolipids. Second, DGAT1 protein in senescing leaves was found to be associated with chloroplast membranes. These findings collectively indicate that diacylglycerol acyltransferase plays a role in senescence by sequestering fatty acids de-esterified from galactolipids into TAG. This would appear to be an intermediate step in the conversion of thylakoid fatty acids to phloem-mobile sucrose during leaf senescence.
Vaccinia Virus CD8+ T-Cell Dominance Hierarchies Cannot Be Altered by Prior Immunization with Individual Peptides

ABSTRACT Heterologous prime-boost is a common vaccination strategy to elicit CD8+ T cells (TCD8+), and vaccinia virus (VACV) has been widely used as a boosting vector. Studies with other viruses have suggested that priming may reduce responses to native epitopes in boosting vectors as well as improve responses to primed epitopes. We explored this possibility with a VACV model in mice and find that irrespective of an epitope's dominance, prior priming was able to double TCD8+ responses. More surprisingly, and in contrast to findings for other viruses, responses to remaining epitopes were undisturbed, leaving the overall dominance hierarchy unchanged.
A Necessary and Sufficient Condition for Bounded-Input Bounded-State Stability of Nonlinear Systems

The main purpose of this work is to prove a converse theorem for bounded-input bounded-state stability of nonlinear systems in the framework of Liapunov's second method. The construction gives rise to an upper semicontinuous time-dependent Liapunov function. In certain cases, the monotonicity conditions can be checked by means of contingent directional derivatives.
The Adp-stimulated Nadph Oxidase Activates The Ask-1/mkk4/jnk Pathway In Alveolar Macrophages

The role of H2O2 as a second messenger in signal transduction pathways is well established. We show here that the NADPH oxidase-dependent production of and H2O2 or respiratory burst in alveolar macrophages (AM) (NR8383 cells) is required for ADP-stimulated c-Jun phosphorylation and the activation of JNK1/2, MKK4 (but not MKK7) and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1 (ASK1). ASK1 binds only to the reduced form of thioredoxin (Trx). ADP induced the dissociation of ASK1/Trx complex and thus resulted in ASK1 activation, as assessed by phosphorylation at Thr845, which was enhanced after treatment with aurothioglucose (ATG), an inhibitor of Trx reductase. While dissociation of the complex implies Trx oxidation, protein electrophoretic mobility shift assay detected oxidation of Trx only after bolus H2O2 but not after ADP stimulation. These results demonstrate that the ADP-stimulated respiratory burst activated the ASK1–MKK4–JNK1/c-Jun signaling pathway in AM and suggest that transient and localized oxidation of Trx by the NADPH oxidase-mediated generation of H2O2 may play a critical role in ASK1 activation and the inflammatory response.
Social policy frameworks of exclusion: the challenge of protecting the social rights of ‘undocumented migrants’ in Quebec and Shanghai

ABSTRACT This article focuses on the implications of administrative ‘undocumentedness’, arguing that a lack of legal recognition across jurisdictional boundaries has parallels whether international or inter-municipal. In Canada and China, migrant workers only began receiving significant public attention in the past 20 years. Canada has had a boom in the use of the Temporary Foreign Worker Program, yet tightening immigration procedures overall has led to a rise in the number of undocumented workers. While in China, most rural-to-urban migrants move without transferring their hukou residency registration. The authors argue that there are surprising parallels in the policy frameworks governing access to social rights for undocumented migrants in Quebec and in Shanghai, parallels that create social exclusion. Mutual lessons for addressing the social rights of irregular migrants are discussed.
Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism

Patients with clinical conditions such as surgery, trauma, and acute medical illness have a transiently increased risk of venous thromboembolism and merit consideration for adequate thromboprophylaxis. The choice of an appropriate pharmacologic or physical means of prophylaxis should be made taking into account both the thrombotic and bleeding risk associated with patient-related factors and the type of surgery or other disease state involved. A large number of randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, and guidelines developed by scientific societies worldwide have addressed this issue and have provided information and recommendations that should be considered carefully. The aim of this review is to provide the practicing physician with a brief updated summary of the subject, stratifying those patients at low thrombotic risk who do not require specific thromboprophylaxis apart from early ambulation, from those at moderate or higher thrombotic risk. Patients at moderate thrombotic risk face a 10 to 20% risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and require prophylaxis with low-dose unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) at a dosage < 3400 U once daily, or with graduated elastic stockings if their bleeding risk is high. Patients with an expected 20 to 40% DVT rate without prophylaxis are considered at high thrombotic risk and should be treated preferentially with LMWHs at high prophylactic dosage (> 3400 U). Patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery face a DVT rate > 40%, are considered at very high risk of venous thromboembolism, and should be given either LMWHs at high prophylactic dosage, fondaparinux, or vitamin K antagonists--either alone or in association with intermittent pneumatic compression devices.
Remedying Land Grading Method based on Comparison of the Change of Land Plot and Verification of Land Price

Land grading is the result of the urban development and with its relative stability.The land grading can also change with the time and urban development and the change of various affecting factors.Therefore,the land grading in urban areas should be regularly adjusted.But the traditional method is labor consuming one and it is difficult to apply for many cases because of the limited manpower,the material resources and the financial resources.This paper analyzed the principle of land grading based on the land plot change and land price verification,and proposed the remedied method for land grading.On the basis of original grading the land plot was re-graded through comparison of land plots and verification of land price.This paper takes Guiping city as an example,where the land market is not mature,to confirm the remedied method.The result showed that the numbers of adjusted samples in every land grading occupied about 85 percent of the numbers of samples before adjusting by verification.It indicated that the preliminary land grading based on the comparison of land plot change is reasonable,and the land grading after slightly adjusting by sample of land price is further reasonable.
Suitability of the Cingulate Cortex for Neural Control

Recent neuroprosthetic work has focused on the motor cortex as a source of voluntary control signals. However, the motor cortex can be damaged in upper motor neuron degenerative diseases such as primary lateral sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The possibility exists that prefrontal areas may also be used in neuroprosthetic devices. Here, we report the use of the cingulate cortex in a neuroprosthetic model. Seven rats were able to significantly modulate spiking activity in the cingulate cortex in order to receive reward. Furthermore, experiments with single neurons provide evidence that the cingulate cortex neuronal modulation is highly flexible and thus useful for a neuroprosthetic device
OF THE EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR UNDERMATCHING AND OVERMATCHING : THE FIXED-RATIO CHANGEOVER REQUIREMENT

Concurrent variable-interval two-minute and six-minute schedules were arranged while the fixed-ratio changeover requirement was varied among one, two, and four responses. A four-response requirement produced overmatching in the response and time data. A one-response requirement produced consistent undermatching in the time data but mixed results in the response data. The two-response requirement showed undermatching in the time data and overmatching in the response data. The results are discussed in relation to previous research using changeover requirements of five and ten responses, which produced clear tendencies toward overmatching, especially with response data. Taken together, these findings suggest that matching is not a unique result, and that undermatching or overmatching can be produced by continuous variation of the changeover requirements.
Predicting the loss of knee flexion during limb lengthening using inherent muscle length

Limb lengthening procedures can be associated with loss of range of knee movement, although the amount of knee flexion lost varies markedly between patients. The exact aetiology of this problem is not fully understood. This study investigates whether the amount of joint range that is lost during limb lengthening might be affected by the inherent passive compliance and length of the patients' soft tissues determined preoperatively. A simple mathematical model has been developed to calculate the inherent length and ‘spare’ length of the hamstring and quadriceps muscle groups in 28 patients undergoing limb lengthening procedures. The range of knee motion was recorded preoperatively and loss of movement recorded during follow-up. The results show a strong correlation between predicted ‘spare’ length of quadriceps and loss of knee flexion. An association was noted between loss of knee extension and the straight leg raise and correlation of knee extension and the spare length of the hamstrings. The straight leg raise test, and calculation of spare quadriceps length using our formula, as part of the preoperative assessment, can help predict which patient is at risk of a reduced range of motion of the knee.
Nonenzymatic Glycosylation Products on Collagen Covalently Trap Low-Density Lipoprotein

Advanced nonenzymatic glycosylation products capable of cross-linking proteins accumulate on collagen in vivo in proportion to time-averaged blood glucose concentration. In this report, we have evaluated the ability of advanced nonenzymatic glycosylation productsformed on collagen in vitro to covalently bind low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in a manner similar to that which occurs in human atherosclerotic lesions. At constant LDL concentration, covalent trapping increased linearly with the extent of advanced glycosylation product formation, from 1.42 ± 0.15 to 4.46 ± 0.36 μg LDL protein/mg collagen. At a constant level of collagen advancedglycosylation product, LDL binding increased as a function of increasing LDL concentration. At anLDL-cholesterol level of 103 mg/dl, covalent trapping of LDL by nonenzymatic glycosylation products on collagen averaged 3.2 times as much as control (P < 0.01). These data indicate that LDL is bound specifically by reactive products generated by nonenzymatic glycosylation of collagen, and suggest that excessive LDL trapping by hyperglycemia-induced advanced glycosylation endproducts may contribute to the accelerated development of atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Specific recognition of virus‐infected cells by paired NK receptors

NK cells show cytotoxicity and cytokine production upon recognition of virus‐infected cells and play an important role in conferring protective immunity against virus infection. Patients who lack functional NK cells are susceptible to severe infectious diseases such as herpesvirus infection. In addition, when NK cells are removed from cytomegalovirus‐resistant mice, the virus titre after infection is markedly increased and the mice are likely to die due to infection. However, the exact mechanism of how NK cells recognise virus‐infected cells has remained unclear for a long time. Recent findings of the presence of virus‐specific NK cell receptors and their ligands on virus‐infected cells have provided a new vision of a protective role of NK cells in virus infection. Furthermore, the recognition of virus‐infected cells by paired receptors consisting of activating and inhibitory receptors was found to correlate with the degree of host susceptibility to virus infection. Current topics on the role of NK cells in anti‐virus immunity are reviewed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.