Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust Deadbeat Predictive Direct Speed Control for PMSM With Dual Second-Order Sliding-Mode Disturbance Observers and Sensitivity Analysis

A novel robust deadbeat predictive direct speed control (RDP-DSC) method for permanent magnet synchronous motor is proposed to improve the speed control bandwidth and eliminate the conventional cascaded speed control structure. First, the basic DP-DSC method with one-step ahead time delay compensation is introduced briefly. Then, the control sensitivity analysis issue on the electrical and mechanical parameter mismatches, and external disturbance and inverter nonlinearity are inspirationally discussed. Further, based on the analysis above, a novel dual second-order sliding-mode disturbance observer (SOSMDO) structure is proposed for both current and speed disturbance suppression. The proposed RDP-DSC equipped with SOSMDO is presented with full control errors completely compensated. Meanwhile, the undesired chattering phenomenon caused by the switching function in the existing popular sliding-mode observers is eliminated by the proposed SOSMDO. Rich experiments are then performed, showing that the proposed method has strong enough robustness to various parameter mismatches and external disturbances while the system still holds the DSC methods’ advantages, such as high response speed and satisfying bandwidth.
Advances Focusing on the Application of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix in Periodontal Regeneration

The decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) is capable of promoting stem cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and differentiation. It is a promising biomaterial for application and clinical translation in the field of periodontal tissue engineering as it most effectively preserves the complex array of ECM components as they are in native tissue, providing ideal cues for regeneration and repair of damaged periodontal tissue. dECMs of different origins have different advantages and characteristics in promoting the regeneration of periodontal tissue. dECM can be used directly or dissolved in liquid for better flowability. Multiple ways were developed to improve the mechanical strength of dECM, such as functionalized scaffolds with cells that harvest scaffold-supported dECM through decellularization or crosslinked soluble dECM that can form injectable hydrogels for periodontal tissue repair. dECM has found recent success in many periodontal regeneration and repair therapies. This review focuses on the repairing effect of dECM in periodontal tissue engineering, with variations in cell/tissue sources, and specifically discusses the future trend of periodontal regeneration and the future role of soluble dECM in entire periodontal tissue regeneration.
Narrative identity and positive youth development in Turkish emerging adults: The moderating role of cultural self-construals

The current study examined the associations between narrative coherence, the 5Cs of positive youth development, and cultural self-construals among 91 Turkish emerging adults (48 females, 42 males, and 1 other) aged between 18 and 29 (Mage = 23.01, SD = .52). Emerging adults partook in a life story interview to share three important narratives involving parental interactions that were assessed for causal and thematic coherence. Participants also self-reported on their positive development (competence, confidence, character, caring, and connection) and cultural self-construals (autonomy, relatedness, and autonomy relatedness). Results of path analysis revealed that high causal coherence in narratives was associated with lower levels of competence, confidence, and connection, whereas high thematic coherence was linked to higher levels of competence, confidence, and connection. Further, we examined the role of cultural self-construals in moderating the link between narrative coherence and the 5Cs. Thematic coherence was related to decreased caring when autonomy was high and relatedness was low. Thematic coherence was also related to increased connection only when autonomy was low and relatedness was high. Moreover, causal coherence was related to decreased caring and connection for emerging adults with highly autonomous self-construals. Similarly, causal coherence was associated with lower levels of confidence for emerging adults with high autonomous-related self-construals. Implications for research with Turkish emerging adults are discussed.
Stochastic particle swarm optimization algorithm based on cluster analysis

A new Stochastic Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm based on Cluster analysis (CSPSO) is proposed based on the analysis of Stochastic Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (SPSO) that guarantees global convergence.The CSPSO is guaranteed that the particles are diversiform,and can make particles explore the global optimization more efficiently.The CSPSO is guaranteed to converge to the global optimization solution with probability one.Finally,several complex examples are simulated to show that CSPSO is more efficient than SPSO.
DLBCNet: A Deep Learning Network for Classifying Blood Cells

Background Blood is responsible for delivering nutrients to various organs, which store important health information about the human body. Therefore, the diagnosis of blood can indirectly help doctors judge a person’s physical state. Recently, researchers have applied deep learning (DL) to the automatic analysis of blood cells. However, there are still some deficiencies in these models. Methods To cope with these issues, we propose a novel network for the multi-classification of blood cells, which is called DLBCNet. A new specifical model for blood cells (BCGAN) is designed to generate synthetic images. The pre-trained ResNet50 is implemented as the backbone model, which serves as the feature extractor. The extracted features are fed to the proposed ETRN to improve the multi-classification performance of blood cells. Results The average accuracy, average sensitivity, average precision, average specificity, and average f1-score of the proposed model are 95.05%, 93.25%, 97.75%, 93.72%, and 95.38%, accordingly. Conclusions The performance of the proposed model surpasses other state-of-the-art methods in reported classification results.
Cut off Behavior of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Seedlings

: In addition to destroying the leaves, stems, pods, and grains of soybean ( Glycine max ), Spodoptera frugiperda larvae may also have the cut off behavior in the seedlings close to the ground, harming the establishment of the soybean crop. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the consequences of the fall armyworm attack by adopting the cut off behavior, which has been similarly documented for black cutworm ( Agrotis ipsilon ) in newly emerged soybean plants. The treatments were five levels of infestation with 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 larvae per m 2 . Three variables were assessed: (1) stand (relationship between attacked and initial number of plants), (2) types and amounts of injured structures, such as hypocotyl (embryonic shoot), and the cotyledons (seed leaves), and (3) level of defoliation. The variables were collected every 24 hours until the pupal stage. Additionally, the final stand of the seedlings was quantified, with the highest injury intensity observed in the plots that contained the highest number of larvae. In the second experiment, the dynamics of movement and attacks of plants by S. frugiperda larvae at the following times of the day: 07:00,
Bolstering the Impact of Social Entrepreneurship and Poverty Alleviation for Sustainable Development in Nigeria

Social entrepreneurship has gained increasing attention as a means to address social problems, including poverty, in Nigeria. Poverty is a major challenge in Nigeria, with a poverty rate of over 40%. Poverty alleviation is critical to achieving sustainable development in the country. Social entrepreneurship can play a key role in addressing poverty by creating jobs, providing access to goods and services, and promoting economic growth. Hence, this study examines bolstering the impact of social entrepreneurship and poverty alleviation for sustainable development in Nigeria. The research focuses primarily on fostering economic, social, and environmental improvements, as well as improving people’s lives. Three hypotheses were formulated to help accomplish the primary objectives of the study. The Opportunity-Based Entrepreneurship Theory, Social Network Theory, and Schumpeterian Theory of Innovation were used to explain the objective of the study. In this study, a purposive sampling technique was used, and 300 copies of structured questionnaires were administered to selected social entrepreneurs of which 262 copies were retrieved and used for the analysis. The data were analyzed using structural and measurement models, and the path coefficient was determined using PLS-SEM. The significance level was calculated using the bootstrapping method. The results from the test of hypotheses showed that; the most significant predictor of poverty alleviation is social innovation (β = 0.376, p < 0.05), followed by the social value (β = 0.314, p < 0.05), and finally, social impact (β = 0.231, p < 0.05). This study concludes that social innovation is fundamental for empowering individuals and communities to lift themselves out of poverty and achieve long-term prosperity. The study recommends that to promote sustainable social entrepreneurship and poverty alleviation in Nigeria, the government can create policies and programs that support social innovation, such as providing access to funding, business training, and mentorship. The government can also collaborate with entrepreneurs and organizations to promote their initiatives and create a supportive ecosystem for social entrepreneurship.
A Polynomial-time Perfect Sampler for the Q-Ising with local ﬁelds

We present a polynomial-time perfect sampler for the Q-Ising with a vertex-independent noise. The Q-Ising, one of the generalized models of the Ising, arose in the context of Bayesian image restoration in statistical mechanics. We study the distribution of Q-Ising on a two-dimensional square lattice over $n$ vertices, that is, we deal with a discrete state space $ \{$ 1, $ \ldots,$ $Q \}^{n}$ for a positive integer $Q$ . Employing the Q-Ising (having a parameter $ \beta$ ) as a prior distribution, and assuming a Gaussian noise (having another parameter a), a posterior is obtained from the Bayes’ formula. Furthermore, we generalize it: the distribution of noise is not necessarily a Gaussian, but any vertex-independent noise. We ﬁrst present a Gibbs sampler from our posterior, and also present a perfect samplcr by deﬁning a coupling via a monotone update function. Then, wc show $O(n \log n)$ mixing time of the Gibbs sampler for the generalized model under a condition that $ \beta$ is suﬃciently small (whatever the distribution of noise is). In case of a Gaussian, we obtain another more natural condition for rapid mixing that $ \alpha$ is suﬃciently larger than $ \beta$ . Thereby, we show that the expected running time of our sampler is $O(n \log n)$ .
Parameter-Uniform finite element method for two-parameter singularly perturbed parabolic reaction-diffusion problems

In this paper, parameter-uniform numerical methods for a class of singularly perturbed one-dimensional parabolic reaction-diffusion problems with two small parameters on a rectangular domain are studied. Parameter-explicit theoretical bounds on the derivatives of the solutions are derived. The method comprises a standard implicit finite difference scheme to discretize in temporal direction on a uniform mesh by means of Rothe's method and finite element method in spatial direction on a piecewise uniform mesh of Shishkin type. The method is shown to be unconditionally stable and accurate of order O(N-2(ln N)2 + Δt). Numerical results are given to illustrate the parameter-uniform convergence of the numerical approximations.
Quantitative Ultrasound and Bone Health in Elderly People, a Systematic Review

Reduced bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis, and their associated fractures are one of the main musculoskeletal disorders of the elderly. Quickness in diagnosis could prevent associated complications in these people. This study aimed to perform a systematic review (SR) to analyze and synthesize current research on whether a calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) can estimate BMD and predict fracture risk in elderly people compared to dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), following the PRISMA guidelines. A search was conducted in the main open-access health science databases: PubMed and Web of Science (WOS). DXA is the gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Despite controversial results, it can be concluded that the calcaneal QUS tool may be a promising method to evaluate BMD in elderly people, facilitating its prevention and diagnosis. However, further studies are needed to validate the use of calcaneal QUS.
Supersymmetry in the Light of Dark Matter and a 125 GeV Higgs Boson

Supersymmetry (SUSY) is a well-motivated theory beyond the Standard Model (SM). It solves many problems of the SM simultaneously but the predicted SUSY particles have not been found yet. In this work the parameter space allowed by accelerator and cosmological constraints is determined for two SUSY models and their differences in the Higgs and dark matter sector are highlighted. Furthermore, the discovery reach for current SUSY searches and for the next run of future experiments are estimated.
Compressive spectral imaging using multiple snapshot colored-mosaic detector measurements

Compressive spectral imaging (CSI) captures coded and dispersed projections of the spatio-spectral source rather than direct measurements of the voxels. Using the coded projections, an l1 minimization reconstruction algorithm is then used to reconstruct the underlying scene. An architecture known as the snapshot colored compressive spectral imager (SCCSI) exploits the compression capabilities of CSI techniques and efficiently senses a spectral image using a single snapshot by means of a colored mosaic FPA detector and a dispersive element. In CSI, different coding patterns are used to acquire multiple snapshots, yielding improved reconstructions of spatially detailed and spectrally rich scenes. SCCSI however, does not admit multiple coding patterns since the pixelated tiling of optical filters is directly attached to the detector. This paper extends the concept of SCCSI to a system admitting multiple measurement shots by rotating the dispersive element such that the dispersed spatio-spectral source is coded and integrated at different detector pixels in each rotation. This approach allows the acquisition of a different set of coded projections on each measurement shot. Simulations show that increasing the number of measurement snapshots results on improved reconstructions. More specifically, a gain up to 7 dB is obtained when results from four measurement shots are compared to the reconstruction from a single SCCSI snapshot.
Experimental evidence for the theory of local isotropy

Some new measurements of isotropic turbulence produced behind a biplane grid have been made at high Reynolds numbers, and these results are compared with the predictions of the theory of local isotropy developed by A. N. Kolmogoroff. The transverse double-velocity correlation has been measured at mesh Reynolds numbers up to 3·2 × 105, and the observed form agrees well with the predicted form. Measurements of the skewness factor of velocity differences over finite intervals have also been made, and the factor is nearly constant and equal to −0·38, if the interval is small compared with the integral scale. The invariance of dimensionless functions of the velocity derivatives has been confirmed for the flattening factor of ∂u/∂x, namely, which is nearly constant over a wide range of conditions. It is concluded that the theory of local isotropy is substantially correct for isotropic turbulence of high Reynolds number.
Category Structure and Function of Pitch Accent in Tokyo Japanese

This thesis investigates perceptual categories of contrastive pitch accents in Tokyo Japanese. Pitch movement of the accent, the preceding context of the accent, the tonal structure in an accentual phrase, and the vowel devoicing in and after the accented mora have been investigated independently and unsystematically in the previous studies. The present study integrates all these factors to reveal the category structure of all opposition types in 2-mora words. There are three 2-way and one 3-way oppositions possible in 2-mora words. Two of them involve accent-presence detection (accented or unaccented), and others involve accent-location detection (where the accent is). Three experiments were designed based on an explicit phonological model of tonal structure. The stimuli were created by STRAIGHT: a high-quality F0 resynthesis method. Experiment 1 showed that the steepness of the falling pitch movement of the accent does not interact with the tone alignment position in 2-way oppositions. Experiment 2 showed that the preceding context of the accent does not influence the prominence of the pitch accent in 2-way oppositions. Thus, it is argued that the High-tone alignment determines the accent location and the amount of the pitch drop determines the accent presence. Experiment 3 showed that this view basically holds in a 3-way opposition. An important difference between Experiments 2 and 3 is that the category boundary for accent-presence detection shifts more than that for accent-location detection. The voicing condition was varied across fully voiced, partially devoiced, and fully devoiced moras in Experiments 1 and 2. Experiment 3 covered the latter two conditions. Overall, it was found that the cessation of the pitch contour not only by a devoiced vowel but also by a voiceless consonant affects the perception of pitch accents. This study also investigates how to quantify the distinctive function of pitch accent and how to develop a formally and experimentally plausible theory of functional load. Previous formalizations of functional load have been too focussed on segmental distinctions and cannot handle privative oppositions seen in pitch accents in Japanese. Two quantitative measures were proposed for the distinctive function of accent: one is called Lexical Distinctiveness (LD) which is the ratio of opposing and non-opposing relations in homophones, the other is called Familiarity Bias (FB) which is the sum of word familiarity differences across opposed homophones. An analysis of a large-scale database was conducted to derive the LD and FB values for the stimulus words used in Experiment 2. A post-hoc analysis was conducted for the categorization results to find that, in the devoiced condition, the response is biased to the word with a lower LD value in an accentual minimal pair. The database analysis also revealed that the opposition of accent-location is dominant
Disordered minerals and disease of soft tissue and bones in chronic kidney disease

This article briefly reviews the mineral and bone disorder (MBD) found in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and should provide a useful summary for trainees in nephrology and internal medicine. The storage of minerals is one of the principal roles of our bones, which are alive and are constantly being remodelled under the influence of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH), aided and abetted by calcium and phosphates. This occurs in a controlled fashion in healthy individuals. In patients with CKD, this control is lost and either an exaggerated, ineffectual remodelling takes place, resulting in the removal (in the case of high-turnover bone disease) or inadequate (in low-turnover bone disease) deposition of minerals. Vascular (and other soft tissue) calcification accompanies MBD, with phosphate and calcium playing major roles in the pathogenesis of the condition.
Design of Twisted and Folded-Clos Network With Guaranteeing Admissible Blocking Probability

A Clos network is well known as a switching network structure that can achieve a strict-sense non-blocking condition. However, the non-blocking condition is too restrictive to increase the switching capacity of Clos network under the constraint of the limited number of switches. This letter proposes a Clos network design model that guarantees an admissible blocking probability to increase the switching capacity. The proposed design model achieves a larger switching capacity in a practical time than the conventional design model that satisfies the strict-sense non-blocking condition, while guaranteeing an admissible blocking probability.
CLSTM-Transformer: inter-patient ECG classification for ventricular arrhythmia

Ventricular arrhythmia is a common arrhythmia diseases, which poses a severe threaten to human health. Electrocardiogram (ECG) carries plenty of pathological information about the heart activities of a patient and has been widely used for diagnosing arrhythmia. Despite some models that have been proposed so far for the automatic classification of arrhythmia by the features of the ECG, their performance will be limited, because the extracted features are relatively monotonous and simple. In order to improve the performance of arrhythmia classification, a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Transformer and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based assemble neural network framework named CLSTM-Transformer is proposed for automatic heartbeat classification under the inter-patient paradigm. It's worth noting that we use the transformer, which is rarely used in medical signaling to pay attention to the important heartbeats. Compared to most current single network models, CLSTM-Transformer extracts feature from three different levels, which can extract more hidden information in the heartbeats and makes the model more advantageous. The experiment results show that our model achieves a 98.56% accuracy, a 93.45% sensitivity, a 93.45% specificity, and a 98.54% positive predictive value, respectively. Compared with other models, this model has better classification performance, which makes it more applicable to the diagnosis of arrhythmia diseases.
Transcriptional Activation of a Pro-Inflammatory Response (NF-κB, AP-1, IL-1β) by the Vibrio cholerae Cytotoxin (VCC) Monomer through the MAPK Signaling Pathway in the THP-1 Human Macrophage Cell Line

This study describes, to some extent, the VCC contribution as an early stimulation of the macrophage lineage. Regarding the onset of the innate immune response caused by infection, the β form of IL-1 is the most important interleukin involved in the onset of the inflammatory innate response. Activated macrophages treated in vitro with VCC induced the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway in a one-hour period, with the activation of transcriptional regulators for a surviving and pro-inflammatory response, suggesting an explanation inspired and supported by the inflammasome physiology. The mechanism of IL-1β production induced by VCC has been gracefully outlined in murine models, using bacterial knockdown mutants and purified molecules; nevertheless, the knowledge of this mechanism in the human immune system is still under study. This work shows the soluble form of 65 kDa of the Vibrio cholerae cytotoxin (also known as hemolysin), as it is secreted by the bacteria, inducing the production of IL-1β in the human macrophage cell line THP-1. The mechanism involves triggering the early activation of the signaling pathway MAPKs pERK and p38, with the subsequent activation of (p50) NF-κB and AP-1 (cJun and cFos), determined by real-time quantitation. The evidence shown here supports that the monomeric soluble form of the VCC in the macrophage acts as a modulator of the innate immune response, which is consistent with the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome actively releasing IL-1β.