Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Working Memory Capacity, Memory Load, and Cognitive Control Network

INTRODUCTION An important function of working memory (WM) is to integrate incoming information into an appropriate cognitive model by using two executive functions (EFs that govern the coordination and manipulation of information in WM (Baddeley, 2012). Three core EFs are commonly differentiated: updating, shifting, and inhibition (Scharinger et al., 2015). In order to design an augmented cognition program that identifies and extracts meaningful neurophysiological features related to a human operator’s cognitive state as well as the level of mental workload, we must first understand neural mechanisms underlying EFs, which are building blocks of cognition. Traditionally, augmented cognition uses neurophysiological measurements (e.g. P300 amplitude and ERP) to evaluate the user’s cognitive state and changes the human-system interface in order to enhance performance (Schmorrow & Kruse, 2004). However, these traditional measures focus on frequency and temporal correlation within the EEG signal. This only provides insights into relationships between the stimulus and activity in specified brain regions. Conversely, effective connectivity measures, such as Granger Causality, can be used to analyze time-varying interactions between brain areas in order to draw conclusions regarding causal relationships. Therefore, we explored working memory capacity (WMC) as an individual difference that can impact performance and connectivity. Niendam et al. (2012) has shown through a systematic review of studies investigating brain activation during multiple executive functional tasks that specific regions, termed the cognitive control network (CCN). Niendam et al. (2012) identified activation of the CCN in the frontal and parietal areas for both inhibition and updating tasks. In the present study, we investigated how individual differences in WMC influence the participants’ performance and cognitive brain network activation. A dual-task paradigm combining flanker and n-back stimuli was used to modulate updating load and evaluate inhibitory control. All subjects were categorized by the WMC, as measured by the operational span task (OSPAN). We hypothesized that participants with low WMC would show inefficient brain connectivity because of their inability to maintain a stable activation of their WM representations and brain activity will be localized to sources within the CCN and that the WM load will influence the pattern of information transfer between these brain regions depends on WMC.
Lithium increases proliferation of hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells and rescues irradiation-induced cell cycle arrest in vitro

Radiotherapy in children causes debilitating cognitive decline, partly linked to impaired neurogenesis. Irradiation targets primarily cancer cells but also endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) leading to cell death or cell cycle arrest. Here we evaluated the effects of lithium on proliferation, cell cycle and DNA damage after irradiation of young NSPCs in vitro. NSPCs were treated with 1 or 3 mM LiCl and we investigated proliferation capacity (neurosphere volume and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation). Using flow cytometry, we analysed apoptosis (annexin V), cell cycle (propidium iodide) and DNA damage (γH2AX) after irradiation (3.5 Gy) of lithium-treated NSPCs. Lithium increased BrdU incorporation and, dose-dependently, the number of cells in replicative phase as well as neurosphere growth. Irradiation induced cell cycle arrest in G1 and G2/M phases. Treatment with 3 mM LiCl was sufficient to increase NSPCs in S phase, boost neurosphere growth and reduce DNA damage. Lithium did not affect the levels of apoptosis, suggesting that it does not rescue NSPCs committed to apoptosis due to accumulated DNA damage. Lithium is a very promising candidate for protection of the juvenile brain from radiotherapy and for its potential to thereby improve the quality of life for those children who survive their cancer.
An Empirical Investigation of Mining and Sustainable Development

The definition of sustainable development is often taken from the so-called “Brundtland” report, requiring that activities of the current generation not detract from the potential welfare of future generations. Mining is often held up as unsustainable in this regard since the extracted resource is non-renewable. Yet Brundtland’s definition of sustainable development also requires that the current generation address the disparity in welfare across the globe, a facet of Brundtland’s report that most have ignored. This paper examines the impact of mining on the welfare of the poor. It finds that poverty levels in the poorest mining and oil intensive economies are lower than expected given these economies’ geographical location and level of income, and that extractive activities are therefore completely consistent with sustainable development.
The Biblical Basis for Strategic Approaches in Pastoral Counseling

This article examines the relationship between biblical and clinical wisdom concerning change. A nonrational, strategic view of helping people change is described. This is first discussed as a psychotherapeutic approach wherein intra-psychic and interpersonal conflicts are held to be manifested in dysfunctional social communication. People change through experiencing therapeutic communications which block dysfunctional ones and foster healthier interpersonal interaction. This strategic wisdom is identified in the Bible, particularly in Jesus’ use of paradox, metaphor, and parables to help people change. It is argued that pastoral counseling has neglected this wisdom. A case example is presented and six strategic interventions offered. Suggestions are made for pastoral counselors to utilize this approach.
FAMIX: exchange experiences with CDIF and XMI

In the FAMOOS project we have developed a set of tools for reengineering object-oriented legacy systems. These tools are based on the FAMIX meta model and exchange information using CDIF, an industry standard exchange format. For several reasons XMI, an emerging standard for information exchange, has appealed to us to be used as our interchange format. In this paper we discuss why XMI is interesting for us and what, to our current experience, are the advantages and disadvantages of XMI over CDIF.
Design and Implement of Distributed Document Clustering Based on MapReduce

1 yuwenming_001@163.com Abstract—In this paper, we describe how document clustering for large collection can be efficiently implemented with MapReduce. Hadoop implementation provides a convenient and flexible framework for distributed computing on a cluster of commodity machines. The design and implementation of tfidf and K-Means algorithm on MapReduce is presented. More importantly, we improved the efficiency and effectiveness of the algorithm. Finally, we give the results and some related discussion.
Limit theory for the sample autocorrelations and extremes of a GARCH (1,1) process

The asymptotic theory for the sample autocorrelations and extremes of a GARCH(I, 1) process is provided. Special attention is given to the case when the sum of the ARCH and GARCH parameters is close to 1, that is, when one is close to an infinite Variance marginal distribution. This situation has been observed for various financial log-return series and led to the introduction of the IGARCH model. In such a situation, the sample autocorrelations are unreliable estimators of their deterministic counterparts for the time series and its absolute values, and the sample autocorrelations of the squared time series have nondegenerate limit distributions. We discuss the consequences for a foreign exchange rate series.
Statistical Analysis of Communication Time on the IBM SP2

For parallel computers, the execution time of communication routines is an important determinate of users’ performance. For one parallel computer, the IBM SP2, all of the higher-level communications routines show a drop in performance as the number of processors involved in the communication increases. Such a drop is unexpected and does not occur on most other parallel machines. While a few others have also recently studied the SP2’s communication performance, they have reported only average performance, and failed to comment on the drop in performance or its causes [1, 9]. We generated a distribution of times for these routines and developed a simulator in an attempt to recreate the observed distribution. By studying distributions of communication times and by refining the simulator, we were able to discern that the performance decrease is due to the variation in the communication times of the lower-level primitives upon which the higher-level communication routines are built. This variation is in turn caused by the deleterious effects of interrupts generated by an operating system untuned to highperformance parallel computing.
Numerical Evaluation and Optimization of Multiple Hydraulically Fractured Parameters Using a Flow-Stress-Damage Coupled Approach

Multiple-factor analysis and optimization play a critical role in the the ability to maximizethe stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) and the success of economic shale gas production. In this paper, taking the typical continental naturally fractured silty laminae shale in China as anexample, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize multiple hydraulic fracturing parameters to maximize the stimulated area in combination with numerical modeling based on the coupled flow-stress-damage (FSD) approach. This paper demonstrates hydraulic fracturing effectiveness by defining two indicesnamelythe stimulated reservoir area (SRA) and stimulated silty laminae area (SLA). Seven uncertain parameters, such as laminae thickness, spacing, dip angle, cohesion, internal friction angle (IFA), in situ stress difference (SD), and an operational parameter-injection rate (IR) with a reasonable range based on silty Laminae Shale, Southeastern Ordos Basin, are used to fit a response of SRA and SLA as the objective function, and finally identity the optimum design under the parameters based on simultaneously maximizingSRA and SLA. In addition, asensitivity analysis of the influential factors is conducted for SRA and SLA. The aim of the study is to improve the artificial ability to control the fracturing network by means of multi-parameteroptimization. This work promises to provide insights into the effective exploitation of unconventional shale gas reservoirs via optimization of the fracturing design for continental shale, Southeastern Ordos Basin, China.
In Vitro Screening of Plant Extract: Neurotoxic Effects of the "Sierras de Córdoba", Argentina Plant Extracts

To investigate the n e u r o toxic effect of some “ S i e r r a s d e C o r d o b a ” plant extracts, three plants from this place were extracted with ethylic ether, ethanol and milliQ-water. The effects of different extracts on early events in the normal development of neuron were studied using cultured embryonic rat hippocampal cells, which develop in vitro in a stereotypical sequence of events that mimics their development in vivo. In addition, the neuron viability was evaluated using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. Two ethylic ether, two aqueous extracts from Thelesperma Megapotamicum and Armeniaca Vulgaris and one ethanolic extract (Armeniaca Vulgaris) showed no toxicity a g a i n s t embryonic rat hippocampal cells in culture. The ethanolic extract of Thelesperma Megapotamicum showed a slight (but no significative) toxicity against the same neuronal cells. While, the three extract studied of Aristolochia Stuckertii Speg, at both doses, showed high toxicity against the rat hippocampal cells in culture. Taken together, our results describes, for the first time, that Aristolochia Stuckertii Speg have neurotoxic effects. Further intensive studies are required to clarify how Aristolochia Stuckertii Speg produces this effect.
Epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders in adults in the community in England.

CONTEXT To our knowledge, there is no published information on the epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in adults. If the prevalence of autism is increasing, rates in older adults would be expected to be lower than rates among younger adults. OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence and characteristics of adults with ASD living in the community in England. DESIGN A stratified, multiphase random sample was used in the third national survey of psychiatric morbidity in adults in England in 2007. Survey data were weighted to take account of study design and nonresponse so that the results were representative of the household population. SETTING General community (ie, private households) in England. PARTICIPANTS Adults (people 16 years or older). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Module 4 in phase 2 validated against the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders in phase 3. A 20-item subset of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient self-completion questionnaire was used in phase 1 to select respondents for phase 2. Respondents also provided information on sociodemographics and their use of mental health services. RESULTS Of 7461 adult participants who provided a complete phase 1 interview, 618 completed phase 2 diagnostic assessments. The weighted prevalence of ASD in adults was estimated to be 9.8 per 1000 (95% confidence interval, 3.0-16.5). Prevalence was not related to the respondent's age. Rates were higher in men, those without educational qualifications, and those living in rented social (government-financed) housing. There was no evidence of increased use of services for mental health problems. CONCLUSIONS Conducting epidemiologic research on ASD in adults is feasible. The prevalence of ASD in this population is similar to that found in children. The lack of an association with age is consistent with there having been no increase in prevalence and with its causes being temporally constant. Adults with ASD living in the community are socially disadvantaged and tend to be unrecognized.
Parametric classification over multiple samples

This pattern was originally designed to classify sequences of events in log files by error-proneness. Sequences of events trace application use in real contexts. As such, identifying error-prone sequences helps understand and predict application use. The classification problem we describe is typical in supervised machine learning, but the composite pattern we propose investigates it with several techniques to control for data brittleness. Data pre-processing, feature selection, parametric classification, and cross-validation are the major instruments that enable a good degree of control over this classification problem. In particular, the pattern includes a solution for typical problems that occurs when data comes from several samples of different populations and with different degree of sparcity.
HUBUNGAN SOCIABILITY DENGAN HOSTILITY PADA PECANDU SHABU (AMPHETAMINE) DI LAPAS NARKOTIKA KLAS IIA SUNGGUMINASA

HUBUNGAN SOCIABILITY DENGAN HOSTILITY PADA PECANDU SHABU (AMPHETAMINE) DI LAPAS NARKOTIKA KLAS IIA SUNGGUMINASA Andi Muhammad Apriansyah (andimuhammadapriansyah@gmail.com) Eva Meizara Puspita Dewi (evabasti@yahoo.com) Faradillah Firdaus (ilafirdaus@yahoo.com) Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Negeri Makassar Jl. AP Pettarani Makassar, 90222 ABSTRAK Andi Muhammad Apriansyah, Eva Meizara Puspita Dewi, & Faradillah Firdaus. (2017). Hubungan Sociability dengan Hostility pada Narapidana Pecandu Shabu (amphetamine) di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Narkotika Klas IIA Sungguminasa. Skripsi. Makassar. Program Studi Psikologi, Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Negeri Makassar. Pecandu shabu (amphetamine) yang memiliki sociability yang tinggi akan dapat kembali diterima dan bermanfaat di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan sociability dengan hostility pada narapidana pecandu shabu (amphetamine) di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Narkotika Klas IIA Sungguminasa. Subjek penelitian ini sebanyak 94 pecandu yang menggunakan teknik accindental sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan Uji Spearman. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa ada hubungan negatif sociability dengan hostility (p=0,000, r=-0,514). Implikasi dalam penelitian ini berguna bagi lapas dan badan pemasyarakatan terkait dalam meningkatkan sociability pada pecandu dengan pemberian bekal berupa training terapi komunikasi dan konseling hingga menekan perilaku hostility dan penyalahgunaan pada pecandu shabu (amphetamine) dan dapat kembali diterima di lingkungan masyarakat setelah menjalani masa tahanan. Kata Kunci: Sociability, Hostility, Pecandu Shabu (Amphetamine)
The metadata is the message

The question "What is Web Science" is still frequently asked - even by authors of papers about Web Science. In this position paper we consider what part of the Web Science cycle makes this cycle emblematically "Web Science" rather than another form of either Law and Technology or Sociology and Technology or Computer Science and HCI. Based on our research developing and evaluating Semantic Web / Web 2.0 applications, and observations of current practice, we suggest that the particularity of Web Science is strongly correlated to a focus on human repurposing of particular Web technologies to support ever more rapid types of increased social contact. Based on this analysis, we ask how Web Science may help understand and shape this phenomenon, and what the implications may be for embracing this focus as a necessary criteria for assessing Web Science relevance of research work.
Surcharge de travail en fonction de l’environnement de conduite, de l’expérience des conducteurs et de leur état interne

Les facteurs d’accidents des jeunes conducteurs font l’objet de multiples recherches. Dans cet article, nous proposons d’etablir un etat de la litterature concernant les relations entre complexite des environnements de conduite, experience de conduite, charge de travail, anxiete, vigilance, et performances de conduite. Premierement, les caracteristiques de la complexite des environne­ments et de l’experience sont decrites. Un traitement automatique et controle est principalement respectivement realise dans les situations simples et complexes. Ceci varie en fonction de l’experience de conduite, dans la mesure ou l’automatisation de la conduite est acquise avec l’experience. Cependant, de plus faibles niveaux de charge et de meilleures performances sont observes pour les conducteurs experimentes par rapport aux novices. Deuxiemement, la surcharge de travail est expliquee en fonction de la complexite de l’environnement et de l’experience. Ainsi, les environnements simples et tres complexes sont particulierement enclins a la surcharge de travail. Dernierement, la modulation de ces effets par les niveaux d’anxiete et de vigilance est developpee. D’apres la litterature, les environnements couteux, i.e. simples et tres complexes, et le manque d’experience peuvent mener a une forte depense d’energie. Un haut niveau d’anxiete et un faible niveau de vigilance peuvent ainsi provoquer des degradations de performances a travers la hausse de la charge de travail. De plus, la hausse de la charge peut etre directement due aux environnements couteux et au manque d’experience, ce qui peut augmenter la depense d’energie avec une hausse d’anxiete et une baisse de vigilance. L’objectif est ainsi de parvenir a un modele etablissant les liens entre des caracteristiques de l’environnement de conduite et des caracteristiques individuelles menant a des accidents de la route. Cela permettra d’adapter les actions de sensibilisation et les modules de formations a la conduite.
Nitrotyrosine Level Was Associated with Mortality in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury

Background To examine the characteristics of oxidative stress in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and investigate the association between plasma nitrotyrosine levels and 90-day mortality in patients with AKI. Methodology/Principal Findings 158 patients with hospital-acquired AKI were recruited to this prospective cohort study according to RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Lost or End Stage Kidney) criteria. Twelve critically ill patients without AKI and 15 age and gender-matched healthy subjects served as control. Plasma 3-nitrotyrosine was analyzed in relation to 90-day all cause mortality of patients with AKI. The patients with AKI were followed up for 90 days and grouped according to median plasma 3-nitrotyrosine concentrations. Highest 3-NT/Tyr was detected in patients with AKI compared with healthy subjects, and critically ill patients without AKI (ANOVA p<0.001). The 90-day survival curves of patients with high 3-NT/Tyr showed significant differences compared with the curves of individuals with low 3-NT/Tyr (p = 0.001 by log rank test). Multivariate analysis (Cox regression) revealed that 3-NT/Tyr (p = 0.025) was independently associated with mortality after adjustment for age, gender, sepsis and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score. Conclusions/Significance There is excess plasma protein oxidation in patients with AKI, as evidenced by increased nitrotyrosine content. 3-NT/Tyr level was associated with mortality of AKI patients independent of the severity of illness.
Darkness into Light? Identification with the Crowd at a Suicide Prevention Fundraiser Promotes Well-Being amongst Participants

Suicide is recognised to be subject to social contagion, with an elevated risk of adverse outcomes amongst those affected. Drawing upon research within the social identity approach, we hypothesised that, for those bereaved by suicide, identifying with similar others could provide ‘a social cure’. A large cross-sectional study and a longitudinal study were carried out at a charity fundraiser for suicide prevention, with participants completing an online survey before and after the event. Results showed that, for those who lost someone they knew (Study 1) or a family member (Study 2) to suicide, there was a significant increase in psychological well-being after the event. This was mediated by identification with the crowd. These findings demonstrate that collective participation in a suicide awareness event can be an effective social intervention for those bereaved by suicide in terms of psychological well-being, with implications for informing best-practice interventions targeting this at-risk group.
Cognitive task analysis

This chapter presents an overview of the current state of cognitive task analysis (CTA) in research and practice. CTA uses a variety of interview and observation strategies to capture a description of the explicit and implicit knowledge that experts use to perform complex tasks. The captured knowledge is most often transferred to training or the development of expert systems. The first section presents descriptions of a variety of CTA techniques, their common characteristics, and the typical strategies used to elicit knowledge from experts and other sources. The second section describes research on the impact of CTA and synthesizes a number of studies and reviews pertinent to issues underlying knowledge elicitation. In the third section, we discuss the integration of CTA with training design. Finally, in the fourth section, we present a number of recommendations for future research and conclude with general comments.