Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Body image and pregnancy : application of the theory of reasoned action

Past research has demonstrated that there are numerous medical and psychological consequences when a woman with an eating disorder becomes pregnant. There has been a paucity of research, however, examining the attitudes towards pregnancy of women with body image issues/eating disorders and how these attitudes subsequently affect intentions to become pregnant. The present study examines intentions to become pregnant among a sample of women ranging in level of body image concerns using the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) as a framework (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980). Two hundred and forty-two females from an introductory psychology class completed a questionnaire, including the Eating Disorder Inventory (Garner, 1991) and specific scales targeting the components of the TRA developed for the present study. As expected, all TRA precursors to intentions were positively correlated with intentions to become pregnant, while contrary to predictions, body image was not correlated with intentions. In partial support of the TRA, a multiple regression analysis revealed that, for all participants, the subjective norm of pregnancy and perceived benefits of pregnancy were predictive of intentions to become pregnant. Perceived costs of pregnancy, however, evidenced no ability to predict intentions to become pregnant. Although results failed to support the prediction that those with high body image concerns would indicate a lower intention to become pregnant, significant differences among those with high versus low body image concerns did emerge. Specifically, participants with high body image concerns reported greater perceived costs of pregnancy as well as a greater likelihood of engaging in weight control behaviours during pregnancy. Implications, as well as practical applications of these findings are discussed.
The Caries Phenomenon: A Timeline from Witchcraft and Superstition to Opinions of the 1500s to Today's Science

This historical treatise follows the documented timeline of tooth decay into today's understanding, treatment, and teaching of caries biology. Caries has been attributed to many different causes for several millennia, however, only since the late 1900s has research revealed its complex multifactorial nature. European writers of the 1600s to 1700s held views that general health, mechanical injuries, trauma, and sudden temperature changes all caused caries—holding a common belief that decay was due to chemical agents, faulty saliva, and food particles. Until the early 1800s most writers believed that caries was due to inflammation from surrounding diseased alveolar bone. Today's science has demonstrated that caries is caused by indigenous oral microorganisms becoming a dynamic biofilm, that in the presence of fermentable sugars produce organic acids capable of dissolving inorganic enamel and dentin followed by the proteolytic destruction of collagen leaving soft infected dentin. As bacteria enter the pulp, infection follows.
Towards the Control of Linear Systems with Minimum Bit-Rate

We address the problem of determining the minimum bit-rate needed to stabilize a linear time-invariant process. For the noise free case, we determine a bit-rate below which stabilization is not possible and above which asymptotic stabilization can be achieved. Inspired by differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) techniques, we propose practical encoding/decoding schemes that guarantee boundedness of the state for the case of a noisy linear time-invariant process. With fixed-step quantization, we are only able to approach the minimum bit-rate for the noiseless case. However, with variable-step quantization we are able to approach it even in the presence of noise and disturbances.
Design Optimization of a Magnetically Levitated Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester for Body Motion

This paper presents a magnetically levitated electromagnetic vibration energy harvester based on magnet arrays. It has a nonlinear response that extends the operating bandwidth and enhances the power output of the harvesting device. The harvester is designed to be embedded in a hip prosthesis and harvest energy from low frequency movements (< 5 Hz) associated with human motion. The design optimization is performed using Comsol simulation considering the constraints on size of the harvester and low operating frequency. The output voltage across the optimal load 3. 5kΩ generated from hip movement is 0.137 Volts during walking and 0.38 Volts during running. The power output harvested from hip movement during walking and running is 5.35 μW and 41.36 μW respectively.
The Advantages of the Mindful Therapist

This study aimed to explore the relationships between mindfulness, wellbeing, burnout and job satisfaction of individuals working as therapists. Findings from fifty eight therapists indicated that higher levels of mindful attention and non-judgmental awareness are associated with cognitive and affective wellbeing, satisfaction at work and lower experiences of burnout. These results support earlier findings with non- therapist groups that mindfulness is associated with higher levels of wellbeing. The current study is the first to consider the relationship between mindfulness and job satisfaction. Surprisingly, the current study found that the amount of participation in yoga practices, and to some extent meditation practices, did not appear to enhance levels of mindfulness. These findings are contrary to the belief that these practices are central to enhancing mindfulness, and the possible reasons are discussed. Overall, the results indicate that attention to the levels of mindfulness in therapists is warranted, as it is likely that higher levels bode well for the functioning of therapists, and as a consequence, for their effectiveness in client outcome. (editor abstract)
The Concept of Weak Imbalance and Its Role in the Emissions and Immunity of Differential Lines

In this letter, the phenomenon of mode conversion as the basis of radiated emissions (RE) and radiated susceptibility (RS) of differential-line circuits terminated with not-perfectly balanced loads is investigated. To this end, the concept of weak imbalance of line terminations is introduced, and its fundamental role in RE and RS is evidenced by resorting to modal analysis and to the concept of the dominant mode. This leads to simple equivalent circuits in which mode conversion is represented by dependent sources. Although here it is applied to RE and RS prediction, the proposed approach has general value and the potential to readily explain and quantify the role of imbalance in systems involving differential lines.
The role of singing familiar songs in encouraging conversation among people with middle to late stage Alzheimer's disease.

BACKGROUND Language deficits in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) manifest, among other things, in a gradual deterioration of spontaneous speech. People with AD tend to speak less as the disease progresses and their speech becomes confused. However, the ability to sing old tunes sometimes remains intact throughout the disease. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the role of singing familiar songs in encouraging conversation among people with middle to late stage AD. METHODS Six participants attended group music therapy sessions over a one-month period. Using content analysis, we qualitatively examined transcriptions of verbal and sung content during 8 group sessions for the purpose of understanding the relationship between specific songs and conversations that occurred during and following group singing. RESULTS Content analysis revealed that songs from the participants' past-elicited memories, especially songs related to their social and national identity. Analyses also indicated that conversation related to the singing was extensive and the act of group singing encouraged spontaneous responses. After singing, group members expressed positive feelings, a sense of accomplishment, and belonging. CONCLUSIONS Carefully selecting music from the participants' past can encourage conversation. Considering the failure in spontaneous speech in people with middle to late stage AD, it is important to emphasize that group members' responses to each other occurred spontaneously without the researcher's encouragement.
On the feasibility of an AOSD approach to Linux kernel extensions

In previous work, we presented a domain-specific version of C, called C4, which was used for capturing extensions to the Linux 2.6 kernel using AOSD techniques as an alternative to the conventional patching approach [10, 19]. The focus of that work was on introducing new extensions represented as aspects in system software such as the Linux kernel with a focus on readablility, compatibility, performance, and the preservation of existing development workflows. However, other AOSD researchers (e.g. Lohmann et al. [8]) state that ". Linux, as a monolithic system, provides a low number of join-points for aspects and that those available were semantically ambiguous. " This worrisome statement motivated us to study the feasibility of applying AOSD techniques to refactor existing Linux kernel extensions. To gain insight we analyzed the AOSD-ness of a large number of configurable options available in the Linux kernel and evaluated whether they could be converted into aspects---and for the AOSD fan the preliminary results are promising.
Community violence: A meta-analysis on the effect of exposure and mental health outcomes of children and adolescents

Abstract Meta-analytic techniques were used to estimate the effects of exposure to community violence on mental health outcomes across 114 studies. Community violence had its strongest effects on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and externalizing problems and smallest impact on other internalizing symptoms. Victimization by community violence most predicted symptomatology compared to witnessing or hearing about community violence. Witnessing community violence had a greater effect than hearing about violence on externalizing problems, but both types of exposure had an equal impact on other internalizing problems. PTSD symptoms were equally predicted by victimization, witnessing, or hearing about community violence. Compared to children, adolescents reported a stronger relationship between externalizing behaviors and exposure, whereas children exhibited greater internalizing problems than did adolescents.
Campaigns against smoking: a review of the last ten years in Italy.

BACKGROUND The latest collection of epidemiologic data shows the increased prevalence of smoking among young people and women. The research presents a descriptive analysis of the major anti-smoking campaigns that took place from 2006 to 2014 in Italy by institutions, associations, federations and enterprises who where both nationally and internationally recognized. METHODS The categories of analysis used were: target, communication strategy, style, website and/or a free number. A qualitative analysis was then conducted on campaigns aimed at women and young people, to identify strengths and weaknesses of the campaigns. RESULTS In the area of tobacco consumption there are numerous activities of information/awareness/prevention but it is necessary to interfere more directly in young people's lives, and in particular in young women's lives. CONCLUSIONS The need for more efficacy from campaigns means that they need to be more open to the unconventional social advertising and social network.
Visualizing the Evolution and Interaction of Vortices and Shear Layers in Time-Dependent 3D Flow

In this paper, we present a visualization and tracking system for coherent structures. For this purpose, we propose to consider shear stress-the stretching and shear of particles inside a flow-in vortex dynamics. Based on a discussion and comparison of recent methods for computing shear stress, we introduce visualization techniques in order to provide a representation of shear layers according to their physical interpretation. This paper contributes a combination of theory in fluid mechanics and the corresponding visualization: 1) shear layer criteria are assessed according to how well they can be combined with common vortex identification criteria; 2) sheets of maximal shear are introduced as an appropriate visual representation of shear layers; 3) a visualization method is described for simultaneous tracking of vortices and shear layers as well as their interaction; and 4) the relevance of shear layers in vortex dynamics is demonstrated by means of several examples. We have implemented these new techniques in an interactive visualization system for time-dependent 3D flow. The system is used by fluid mechanics experts in their research of shear-vortex interaction.
Prognostic value of karyotypic analysis in children and adults with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia included in the PETHEMA ALL-93 trial.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cytogenetic analysis is one of the most reliable prognostic factors in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The objective of this study was to analyze the prognostic value of cytogenetic analysis in children and adults with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (HR-ALL) included in a prospective multicenter trial. DESIGN AND METHODS One hundred and thirty patients (44 children and 86 adults) with HR-ALL included in the PETHEMA ALL-93 trial had an adequate cytogenetic study after review. Cytogenetic subgroups were established according to the cancer and acute leukemia group B criteria (unfavorable: 11q23, t(9;22), -7 and +8; normal; miscellaneous: the remaining chromosome abnormalities) and their main clinicobiological features were compared. Univariable and multivariable analyses for complete remission (CR) attainment, event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were performed. RESULTS The mean SD age was 26 14 years. Two were infants (<1 year), 42 were children and 86 adults (19-50 years). The cytogenetic study was normal in 44 (34%) cases. The most frequent chromosomal rearrangement was t(9;22)(q34;q11) (34 cases, 26%, 30 adults), followed by 11q23 (12 cases, 9% -8 children-, including t(4;11)(q21;q23) in 8, 7 children). Patients with t(9;22) were older than the remaining cases, whereas those with 11q23 rearrangements were younger and had higher WBC counts. Multivariable analyses showed two associated factors in adults with a lower frequency of CR and a shorter EFS and OS: t(9;22) and slow response to therapy (assessed by a percentage of blast cells higher than 10% in bone marrow study on day 14). For children with very high-risk ALL, only slow response to therapy (assessed by the presence of blast cells in peripheral blood on day 8) was associated with a negative impact on CR, EFS and OS. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS In adult patients with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia included in the PETHEMA ALL-93 protocol, cytogenetic analysis at diagnosis is a useful independent prognostic marker. The poorest prognosis for patients with t(9;22) justifies the development of specific treatments for these patients. In this small subgroup of children with very high-risk ALL no cytogenetic characteristics was found to influence the results of therapy, slow response to therapy being the only prognostic factor.
Second language attrition in Japanese contexts

This volume introduces the study of language attrition - the forgetting of language. In this first collection devoted to second language attrition, the contributors focus on contexts of loss where Japanese is either the attriting language, or the replacing language. Bringing together research to substantiate previous hypotheses in the field, this book offers new theoretical and practical insights for those interested in language change.
Peripherin Is a Subunit of Peripheral Nerve Neurofilaments: Implications for Differential Vulnerability of Cns and Pns Axons Nih Public Access

Peripherin, a neuronal intermediate filament protein implicated in neurodegenerative disease, coexists with the neurofilament triplet proteins (NFL, NFM, and NFH) but has an unknown function. The earlier peak expression of peripherin than the triplet during brain development and its ability to form homopolymers, unlike the triplet, which are obligate heteropolymers, have supported a widely held view that peripherin and neurofilament triplet form separate filament systems. Here, we demonstrate, however, that despite a postnatal decline in expression, peripherin is as abundant as the triplet in the adult PNS and exists in a relatively fixed stoichiometry with these subunits. Peripherin exhibits a distribution pattern identical to those of triplet proteins in sciatic axons and co-localizes with NFL on single neurofilament by immunogold electron microscopy. Peripherin also co-assembles into a single network of filaments containing NFL, NFM, NFH with and without α-internexin in quadruple-or quintuple-transfected SW13 vim (−) cells. Genetically deleting NFL in mice dramatically reduces peripherin content in sciatic axons. Moreover, peripherin mutations has been shown to disrupt the neurofilament network in transfected SW13 vim(−) cells. These data show that peripherin and the neurofilament proteins are functionally interdependent. The results strongly support the view that rather than forming an independent structure, peripherin is a subunit of neurofilaments in the adult PNS. Our findings provide a basis for its close relationship with neurofilaments in PNS diseases associated with neurofilament accumulation.
Comparative study of multi-stage classification scheme for recognition of Lithuanian speech emotions

This paper presents the experimental study of multi-stage classification based recognition of Lithuanian speech emotions. Three different criteria for feature selection were compared for this purpose: Maximal Efficiency, Minimal Cross-Correlation feature criterions, and the Sequential Feature Selection. A large database of spoken emotional Lithuanian language was used in this experiment - each of 5 emotions was represented by 1000 utterances. The results of the speaker-independent emotion recognition experiment show the superiority of multi-stage classification using the SFS technique by 0.7-8 %. This classification scheme gave the highest recognition accuracy and the smallest feature set.
Probabilistic Mercer Kernel Clusters

Cluster analysis is one of the most important areas in machine learning. Most clustering algorithms are working in the Euclidean space, where the basic requisite is that each cluster has a hyper-ellipsoidal distribution. It has been recognized that this restriction may not be satisfied in many applications and some new ideas have been proposed (S. J. Roberts, et al., 1999), (M. Girolami, 2002). This paper investigates the construction of probabilistic Mercer kernel clusters using the maximum likelihood training procedure
Synthesis and biological effects of 2'-fluoro-5-ethyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil

2'-Fluoro-5-ethyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil (FEAU) was synthesized, and its biological activities were compared with those of 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil (FMAU). Earlier studies indicated that both compounds showed potent anti-herpes simplex virus activity, with a 50% effective dose (ED50) of less than 0.25 microM. In the present study the cell growth inhibitory activity of FEAU (ED50, 200 to 2,060 microM) was found to be about 100-fold less than that of FMAU. With an ED50 ranging from 630 to 3,700 microM, FEAU only weakly inhibited thymidine incorporation into DNA, as compared with FMAU with an ED50 of 9 to 28 microM. Following exposure to [2-14C]FEAU (100 microM), 0.48 pmol/10(6) cells per h was incorporated into the DNA of herpes simplex virus type 1-infected Vero cells, whereas no detectable incorporation was found in uninfected Vero cells or L1210 cells. The Ki of FEAU for thymidine kinase purified from human leukemic cells was greater than 150 microM. For herpes simplex virus type 1- and 2-encoded thymidine kinases, the Kis were 0.6 and 0.74 microM, respectively. Both FEAU and FMAU were relatively nontoxic for mice, with a 50% lethal dose of greater than 800 mg/kg per day (four intraperitoneal doses). However, the lethal dose of FEAU for dogs was 100 mg/kg per day (10 intravenous doses), a dose which is 40- to 80-fold greater than the toxic dose of FMAU. These results suggest that FEAU is a worthy candidate for further development as an antiherpetic agent.
Review of the safety, efficacy and patient acceptability of the combined dienogest/estradiol valerate contraceptive pill

The aim of this review is to define the role of the combined dienogest (DNG)/estradiol valerate (E2V) contraceptive pill, in terms of biochemistry, metabolic and pharmacological effects and clinical application as well. E2V is the esterified form of 17β-estradiol (E2), while dienogest is a fourth-generation progestin with a partial antiandrogenic effect. The cycle stability is achieved with 2 to 3 mg DNG, supporting contraceptive efficacy. In this new oral contraceptive, E2V is combined with DNG in a four-phasic dose regimen (the first two tablets contain 3 mg E2V; the next five tablets include 2 mg E2V + 2 mg DNG, followed by 17 tablets with 2 mg E2V + 3 mg DNG; followed by two tablets with 1 mg E2V only, and finally two placebo tablets). Duration and intensity of scheduled withdrawal bleeding are lower with this contraceptive pill, whereas the incidence and the intensity of intra-cyclic bleeding are similar to the other oral contraceptive. With this new pill the levels of high density lipoprotein increased, while the levels of prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 and D-dimer remained relatively unchanged; the levels of sex hormone binding globulin, cortisol binding globulin, thyroxine binding globulin increased. The most frequently reported adverse events are: breast pain, headache, acne, alopecia, migraine, increase of bodyweight. The satisfaction rate is about 79.4%.
Chinese query expansion based on related term group

This paper proposes a novel method to improve the performance of Chinese information retrieval systems by expanding queries using automatically acquired related term groups. Unlike traditional query expansion methods, the related term groups extracted from Web-based corpuses and the related term extracted from document set are used in combination to improve the effectiveness of query expansion in our method. Experiments show that our method achieves an average 24.5% improvement compared to the traditional relevance feedback technique.
Renal Involvement in Preeclampsia: Similarities to VEGF Ablation Therapy

Glomerular VEGF expression is critical for the maintenance and function of an intact filtration barrier. Alterations in glomerular VEGF bioavailability result in endothelial as well as in podocyte damage. Renal involvement in preeclampsia includes proteinuria, podocyturia, elevated blood pressure, edema, glomerular capillary endotheliosis, and thrombotic microangiopathy. At least the renal signs, symptoms, and other evidence can sufficiently be explained by reduced VEGF levels. The aim of this paper was to summarize our pathophysiological understanding of the renal involvement of preeclampsia and point out similarities to the renal side effects of VEGF-ablation therapy.