Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intranasal Ketorolac as Part of a Multimodal Approach to Postoperative Pain

Despite recent advances in the knowledge of pain mechanisms and pain management, postoperative pain continues to be a problem. Inadequately managed postsurgical pain has both clinical and economic consequences such as longer recovery times, delayed ambulation, higher incidence of complications, increased length of hospital stay, and potential to develop into chronic pain. Generally, opioids are the mainstay option for pain management in patients with moderate‐to‐severe postsurgical pain; however, opioids have significant side effects and have abuse potential. To improve patient and economic outcomes after surgery, postoperative pain guidelines have suggested incorporating a multi‐modal/multi‐mechanistic approach to pain treatment. A multi‐modal approach is the simultaneous use of a combination of two or more (usually opioid and non‐opioid) analgesics that provide two different mechanisms of actions. Utilizing a multi‐modal approach may result in a greater reduction in pain vs. single therapies in addition to minimizing opioid use, thus reducing opioid related side effects. However, not all approaches may be effective for all types of patients and not all analgesics may be a viable option for outpatient settings, ambulatory surgery, or the fast‐track surgical procedures. In this report, we present a review of the literature with a focus on intranasal ketorolac in order to provide a timely update regarding past, present, and future multi‐modal treatment options for postoperative pain.
Measurement and analysis of application-level crowd-sourced LTE and LTE-A networks

LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) theoretically can provide better network performance than 4G LTE. Mobile network operators around the world are eager to deploy LTE-A to attract more subscribers. However, is it really making difference to the user experience compared to the existing LTE service? To investigate this question, we collected the cellular network performance log from 111 user smartphones on 3G, LTE, and LTE-A. For in-depth analysis, we also asked for privacy information, such as data plan, subscribed network, monthly payment details, and etc. In addition, we also collected the WiFi network performance log from 83 user smartphones to compare with the cellular ones. By analyzing the collected log, we observed that (i) LTE-A was faster than LTE only for download bandwidth by 14.1%, yet the users pay on average 13.6% more for LTE-A; (ii) the mVoIP traffic was blocked by all carriers when the users exceed their mVoIP quota; (iii) the subscribed data plan showed no discrimination in network performance.
A Septin Diffusion Barrier at the Base of the Primary Cilium Maintains Ciliary Membrane Protein Distribution

Staying in Place The primary cilium is found on nearly all mammalian cells and is a key regulatory organelle for proper signal transduction throughout development and in adults. Extracellular signal transduction, such as that promoted by Sonic hedgehog (Shh), requires the enrichment of receptors and downstream signaling components in the ciliary membrane. Intraflagellar transport is involved in selective trafficking of proteins into the cilium, but it is not known how these proteins are retained in the cilium. It has been speculated that a diffusion barrier exists at the base of the ciliary membrane. Now, Hu et al. (p. 436, published online 17 June) demonstrate directly that a membrane diffusion barrier is indeed present at the base of the ciliary membrane. SEPT2, a member of the septin family that also forms a diffusion barrier in budding yeast and mammalian sperm membranes, localizes to the base of the ciliary membrane and is required for ciliogenesis, ciliary membrane protein localization, and cilium-dependent Shh signaling. Signaling proteins are retained in the cilium by a diffusion barrier created by a member of the septin family. In animal cells, the primary cilium transduces extracellular signals through signaling receptors localized in the ciliary membrane, but how these ciliary membrane proteins are retained in the cilium is unknown. We found that ciliary membrane proteins were highly mobile, but their diffusion was impeded at the base of the cilium by a diffusion barrier. Septin 2 (SEPT2), a member of the septin family of guanosine triphosphatases that form a diffusion barrier in budding yeast, localized at the base of the ciliary membrane. SEPT2 depletion resulted in loss of ciliary membrane protein localization and Sonic hedgehog signal transduction, and inhibited ciliogenesis. Thus, SEPT2 is part of a diffusion barrier at the base of the ciliary membrane and is essential for retaining receptor-signaling pathways in the primary cilium.
O Efeito Disposic ¸ ˜ ao na Ind ´ ustria Brasileira de Fundos de Investimento em Ac ¸ ˜ oes

The goal of this paper is to test the disposition effect, the t endency of investors to sell winning investments too soon and hold losing investments too long, by analyzing all Brazilian equity fund portfolios from November 2003 to March 2008. The analysis based on the number of trades shows that equity funds are subject to the disposition effect. On the other hand, contrary to evidence from the American stock market, when the analysis is based on trading volume, the disposition effect is not found. Finall y, the disposition effect is strongest in funds open to non-qualified investors.
POWER DEVIATION ANALYSIS OF THE ROCKNEBY WIND FARM

Nowadays the globalization and the economy expansion of the emerging countries demand anincreasing amount of energy. Therefore, energy production as well as the efficiency of energyusage, is essential for future developments of societies. Renewable energies appear as a turnkeysolution that could support the growing demands, and at the same time not being harmful to theenvironment [1]. Within the types of renewable energies, wind energy could be considered asone with large potential.In this paper I present the study of a Swedish wind farm placed in Rockneby.Once the wind turbines were installed and working correctly, a discrepancy between the realenergy obtained and the theoretical energy indicated by the manufacturer was detected. Thestored data in the SCADA system were compared with the values provided by the manufacturerand several analyses were performed. Initially an anomaly in the power residual deviation wasdetected. It was showing an unusual behaviour at high wind speeds. The variation of the airdensity in the wind farm at hub height was considered as a possible reason of the disagreementobserved in the power parameters since the reference density used by the manufacturer was aconstant value calculated in laboratory environment. However, this idea was rejected becausethe power generated in both conditions is similar. The pitch angle was analysed after detectinga significant variations in wind speed measurements made by the anemometer in the turbinenumber three. As a result, it was found a pitch variation in the turbine which seems due to afailure in the anemometer. As a final result, the turbulences were analysed giving as aconclusion that the turbulence intensity were situated around 20%. Therefore, I mainly suggestas a possible explanation of this fact the influence of the turbulence accompanied of a badcalibration or failure in the anemometers.
Pneumococcal infections at a rural tertiary care hospital: a seven year study on isolation rate, clinical spectrum and antibiogram.

BACKGROUND Invasive pneumococcal infections such as pneumonia, bacteraemia and meningitis are severe and often fatal. In recent years, pneumococcal resistance to penicillin has been a problem in many countries. We, in this retrospective study analysed the case records of culture proven pneumococcal infections seen over a period of seven at a rural tertiary health care centre in Karnataka and studied the antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates. AIMS To know the spectrum of illness caused by pneumococci, isolation rate from the specimens and the antibiogram of pneumococci isolated from patients admitted at a rural tertiary care centre. METHODS The laboratory records were searched for isolations of pneumococci from different samples from 2006-2012. The isolation rate from different specimens was calculated. The case records of the patients whose samples yielded pneumococci were analysed for demographic and clinical details. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates was studied. RESULTS During the study period of seven, pneumococci were isolated from 34 (0.092%) of the 37,070 samples processed. Samples of blood, pleural fluid, sputum and CSF obtained from patients with bacteraemia, community acquired pneumonia and meningitis accounted for 31(91.2%) of the 34 pneumococcal isolations. All the isolates (100%) were sensitive to penicillin; they were also sensitive to erythromycin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin and linezolid. The sensitivity to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline varied from 79.4% to 88.2%. Only 50% of the isolates were sensitive to cotrimoxazole. Among the patients who yielded pneumococci, 21(61.76%) were children. The patients were treated with a combination of β-lactam and aminoglycoside aminoglycoside antibiotics. Eighteen (90%) of the 20 patients, whose outcome was known, recovered completely. CONCLUSION Majority of the isolations of pneumococci over a period of seven were made from samples obtained from patients with invasive pneumococcal diseases such as community acquired pneumonia, bacteraemia and meningitis. Children contributed 2/3(rd) of the pneumococcal isolations. All the isolates were sensitive to penicillin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin and linezolid, where as 50% of the isolates were resistant to cotrimoxazole. Ninety percent of the patients recovered completely after appropriate antibiotic therapy.
Survey : Data Protection in Smartphones Against Physical Threats

In this paper we present a survey of the data protection systems in the presence of physical threats, such as theft, loss, damage and malicious use. Recent studies suggests that the aforementioned threats are real and happen with very high rates, e.g., it has been reported that more than 50% of Maimi city had experience with theft and loss of their device in 2011. In this paper we also present adversarial model and users’ requirements to data protection systems which were based on the result from the interview and survey studies we conducted. Analysis of the existing systems in the light of the aforementioned adversarial model and users’ requirements revealed that existing system (a) do not consider users as a source of threats, (b) do not provide adequate protection against an adversary with physical access, and (c) do not meet users’ requirements on usability and privacy. Finally, we suggest areas of further research, which would help to address the problem of data protection against an adversary with physical access to the smartphone.
WHAT KIND OF IMPACT FACTORS TO PROMOTE RESILIENCE IN OLDER ADULTS

Background: Thailand become an Aging society, there is a trend to increase elderly population every year. In addition, adults age 60 years and older are rapidly growing age group in NakhonRatchasima. Resilience may be one factor that helps elderly adjust to difficult times and promote quality of life by themselves. There are various factors related to resilience that impact the qualities of older people. Objectives: To identified impact factors to promote resilience in older adults at NakhonRatchasima, Thailand Methods: This study used qualitative research. The sample was divided into two groups. Thirty in-depth interviews were conducted with older people who had high score of resilience. On the other hand, another thirty in-depth interviews were conducted with older people who had low score of resilience. Data was analysed by using content analysis. Results: The results found that the resilience in older adults is from recognition from important people and positive psychology. A positive thinking and perceived health status were found to be significantly association with high resilience levels. The source of strength to resilience is the relationship with their relatives and friends. Especially, the opportunities to anticipate with their families are significantly impact on the resilience. Although older people with physical disability face many barriers in their life, they perceived that they are valuable and belief about their competence. Therefore the internal and external source of life strengths might have as strong effects on increasing resilience levels. All of older adults who stay alone indicate that they accepted their valuable said this made it possible for them to increase resilience.
Design of a 4-bit ripple adder using Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA)

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is one of the new emerging nanotechnologies explored as an alternative to current CMOS designs. This paper presents the fundamental concepts of QCA and QCA-based logic design. Basic QCA logic circuits such as the inverter, three-input majority gate and five-input majority gate are studied and implemented using QCADesigner. To demonstrate the practical use of using QCA in logic design, a 4-bit ripple adder using a combined concepts from the conventional RCA and CLA is proposed using 20 three-input majority gates, 4 five-input majority gates and 12 inverters. The proposed adder uses 1246 cells which resulted in an area of 1.75um × 1.43um, and a latency of 5.75 clock cycles.
Effect of bisphenol A on reproductive processes: A review of in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies

As bisphenol A (BPA) is characterized by a pronounced influence on human hormonal regulation, particular attention has been aimed at understanding its role in reproductive processes in males and females, as well as on fetal development. Owing to the increasing number of alarming reports on the negative consequences of the presence of BPA in human surroundings, more and more studies are being undertaken to clarify the negative effects of BPA on human reproductive processes. The aim of this work was to collect and summarize data on the influence of BPA exposure on reproductive health. Based on an analysis of selected publications it was stated that there is strong proof confirming that BPA is an ovarian, uterine and prostate toxicant at a level below the lowest observed adverse effect level (50 mg kg−1 bodyweight) as well as a level below the proposed safe level (4 μg kg−1 bodyweight). It seems there is also reliable evidence in relation to the negative effect of BPA on sperm quality and motility. Limited evidence also pertains to the case of the potential of BPA to affect polycystic ovary syndrome occurrence. Although in epidemiological studies this disease was common, in studies on animal models such results were still not confirmed. No unambiguous results of epidemiological studies and with animal models were obtained in relation to the evaluation of associations between BPA and implantation failure in women, evaluation of associations between BPA and sexual dysfunction in men, and impact of BPA on birth rate, birth weight and length of gestation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Significantly Increased Pregnancy Rates After Laparoscopic Restorative Proctocolectomy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective:To assess the impact of a laparoscopic approach on female fecundity in ileoanal pouch surgery. Background:Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) is associated with tubal factor infertility in female patients. Different studies showed less adhesion formation after laparoscopic colectomy. The relation between laparoscopic pouch surgery and fertility, however, has not been studied so far. Methods:This cross-sectional study was carried out in 3 university hospitals in the Netherlands and in Belgium. Female patients older than 18 years that had IPAA under the age of 41 were eligible for inclusion (n = 179). We sent them a questionnaire addressing medical and fertility history. The primary endpoint was time to first spontaneous pregnancy after IPAA. This study has been registered with ISRCTN.org (ISRCTN85421386). Results:Of 179 eligible patients, 160 (89%) returned the questionnaire. After IPAA, 50 (31%) patients attempted to conceive. Of these, 23 (46%) had undergone open and 27 (54%) had undergone laparoscopic IPAA. Patient characteristics were similar in both groups. Indications for surgery were ulcerative colitis (UC) in 37 patients, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) in 12 patients, and colonic ischemia in 1 patient. A Kaplan-Meier survival function was plotted for time to first spontaneous pregnancy and showed a higher pregnancy rate after laparoscopic IPAA (log-rank, P = 0.023). Similarly, subsequent survival analysis for all patients with UC showed an increased pregnancy rate for the laparoscopic group (log-rank, P = 0.033). Conclusions:Pregnancy rates are significantly higher after laparoscopic IPAA. This makes the laparoscopic approach the method of choice in young women.
Source Transmit Antenna Selection for Space Shift Keying With Cooperative Relays

In this letter, we propose a cooperative multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) scheme combining transmit antenna selection (TAS) and space shift keying (SSK). In this scheme, source transmit antennas are selected and SSK is applied by using the selected antennas. Besides the direct link transmission, the relays, that decode the source signal correctly, take part in the transmission. Exact expressions and a considerably accurate approximate expression for the symbol error rate of the proposed SSK system are derived. It is shown that the proposed scheme outperforms the SSK system without TAS and also the conventional cooperative MIMO system, which employs source TAS, at practical signal-to-noise ratio values for especially high data rates and sufficient number of receive antennas at the destination.
Inflammation, infection, and prostate cancer

Purpose of review Recent evidence suggesting that inflammation and infection play a role in the etiology of prostate cancer, and the discovery of a novel virus in men with a genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer is reviewed. Recent findings Almost 20% of visceral cancers worldwide have proven infectious causes. There is substantial histologic, molecular genetic, and epidemiologic evidence that infections and inflammation are also important in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. The R462Q allelic variant in RNASEL, an antiviral gene important in the innate immune response to viral infections, increases susceptibility to prostate cancer while resulting in vitro in deficient antiviral defenses, suggesting that prostate cancer could be caused by a virus. The study of R462Q carriers led to the discovery and biologic characterization of a novel retrovirus, xenotropic murine leukemia-related virus, isolated and cloned from prostate tissue of affected men. Biologic studies of this virus show that it is sensitive to inhibition by interferon and its downstream mediator, RNaseL, and that its DNA has integrated into the DNA of some men with prostate cancer. Summary Inflammation triggered by infection and other causes underlies the development of prostate cancer, and xenotropic murine leukemia-related virus is a candidate etiologic agent. Ongoing studies seek to define its oncogenic potential and pathogenesis.
Fractional Dose-Finding Methods with Late-Onset Toxicity in Phase I Clinical Trials

In Phase I clinical trials, the algorithm-based dose-finding methods, such as the 3 + 3 and up-and-down designs, do not impose any dose-toxicity curve. In contrast, model-based designs, such as the continual reassessment method (CRM), assume a parametric model to borrow information from all the doses under consideration. For these conventional dose-finding methods, toxicity outcomes need to be observed shortly after the treatment, so that newly enrolled patients can be treated without delay. However, in the case of late-onset toxicity, patients’ outcomes may not be observed quickly enough to keep up with the speed of enrollment, and thus toxicity data may not be available when that information is needed. Patients who have not experienced toxicity by the decision-making time may yet experience toxicity later during the rest of the follow-up. Ignoring such late-onset toxicity information may lead to biased estimation of the dose toxicity probabilities and thus compromise the trial's performance. To expand the applicability of the 3 + 3, up-and-down, and CRM designs with late-onset toxicity, we propose to redistribute the mass of the censored observation to the right and utilize the fractional contribution for the unobserved toxicity outcome. We evaluate the operating characteristics of the proposed fractional designs through extensive simulation studies. The fractional designs satisfactorily resolve the issues associated with late-onset toxicity, and are compared favorably with other available methods.
Wages in Tanzania: WageIndicator survey

Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva. nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.
Is a leaky gut involved in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?

Increased gastrointestinal permeability has been demonstrated in several liver diseases. It may facilitate the absorption of gut‐derived endotoxin‐stimulating Kupffer cells to release proinflammatory cytokines or other potentially hepatotoxic compounds. We examined gastrointestinal permeability, plasma levels of anti‐lipopolysacharides (anti‐LPS), and four proinflammatory cytokines in 20 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) compared with 22 normal pregnant and 29 non‐pregnant women. Urinary excretion of sucrose and the urinary lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratio after a standard oral load were used to assess gastrointestinal permeability. Anti‐LPS (IgA, IgM, and IgG) were measured in peripheral blood by Human EndoCAb test kit; TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐10 by Quantikine HS human immunoassays. Sucrose urinary excretion was similar in the three groups, indicating normal gastric permeability. The urinary L/M ratio was significantly higher in ICP than in the other groups [median (interquartile range): 0.018% (0.011‐0.023) in ICP, 0.012% (0.009‐0.016) in normal pregnancies, and 0.009% (0.008‐0.012) in non‐pregnant women, P < . 01]. No significant differences were found in anti‐LPS or cytokines plasma levels except slightly higher levels of IL‐6 in ICP patients than in non‐pregnant women (P < .05). Four of five women with abnormal urinary L/M ratio during ICP continued to show abnormalities in tests up to 2 years after delivery. In conclusion, an increased intestinal permeability was detected in ICP patients during and after pregnancy. A “leaky gut” may participate in the pathogenesis of ICP by enhancing the absorption of bacterial endotoxin and the enterohepatic circulation of cholestatic metabolites of sex hormones and bile salts. (HEPATOLOGY 2006;43:715–722.)