Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An exploration of the trauma histories, dissociative experiences and psychopathic features of murderers

Background: Differential relationships of the dimensions of psychopathy with external factors indicate that psychopathy can be conceptualised as a multifaceted syndrome comprised of distinct subgroups of psychopaths (Blackburn, 1988). However, it is not known whether similar subtypes of psychopathy exist across cultures. The research question which this thesis sought to answer was: Do subtypes of psychopathy exist among murderers, and if so, might the prevalence of these subtypes differ across cultures? Three aims were addressed: i) to compare the trauma histories, dissociative experiences and psychopathic features of British and South African men convicted of murder and the associations among them; ii) to test potential aetiological models of psychopathy; and iii) to explore whether subtypes of psychopathy could be identified among men convicted of murder. Method: Participants were 120 adult male prisoners serving sentences for murder. Sixty participants were British and incarcerated in prisons in England and 60 participants were South African and incarcerated in South Africa. Trauma, dissociation and psychopathy were measured using the Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ; Green, 1996), the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES; Carlson & Putnam, 1993) and the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised Second Edition (PCL-R; Hare, 2003a), respectively. Results: South African participants reported significantly more traumatic and dissociative experiences and possessed more psychopathic features than their British counterparts. Structural equation modelling (SEM) analyses of the entire sample revealed that trauma was positively and directly related to the behavioural features of psychopathy, whereas trauma was positively and indirectly related to the affective features of psychopathy via the partial mediating role of dissociation, suggesting that subtypes of psychopathy may exist among murderers. In addition, cluster analyses identified subtypes of psychopathy, two of which parallel variants of primary and secondary psychopathy described in the literature. Conclusions: Dissociation may mediate the relationship between trauma and psychopathy among individuals who have experienced high levels of trauma, suggesting that there may be a threshold or a ‘cut-off’ level at which witnessing or experiencing trauma becomes detrimental for one’s psychological health. The prevalence of certain subtypes of psychopathy may differ across cultures. Findings have theoretical implications as well as implications for the treatment and risk assessment of offenders.
Exploring the Equivalence of Factor Structure in a Measure of Depression Between Black and White Women: Measurement Issues in Comparative Research

Although equivalence of measures is a fundamental requisite in comparative research, re searchers often have ignored or paid little attention to this important issue. This study employs exploratory factor analysis to evaluate the equivalence of factor structure of the short version (11 of 20 original items) of the well-known Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) Scale between Black and White women. The study used data from a nationwide probability sample that included 438 young (ages 24 to 59 years) Black females, 652 young White females, 340 older (ages 60 or older) Black females, and 764 older White females. The results revealed that the short CES-D Scale had different factor structures according to age and race.
My Journey in Grief

My daughter was every parent’s dream. She excelled in everything she did. She was the most caring person I have ever known. She died suddenly in her 29th year from pneumonia, from working too hard, from not taking care of herself. This autoethnography, grounded in reflective inquiry, relates my journey in grief. Excerpts from my 858-page grief journal provided the foundation for this research study. Rather than stages of grief, what emerged were way stations in a desert with sails set to New Normal: Early Desert, Belly of the Whale, The Shadow of Death, Desert’s Edge, and New Normal. Challenging some long-held notions of the grief process and reinforcing others, this study provides insight borne of a mother’s experience, borne of the pain of loss
Simultaneous Determination of 19 Plant Growth Regulator Residues in Plant-originated Foods by QuEChERS and Stable Isotope Dilution-Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

In this study, a highly sensitive and fast method of QuEChERS (acronym of quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe) combined with isotope dilution–ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous determination of 19 plant growth regulators in plant-originated foods. The samples were initially extracted with acetonitrile containing 1% acetic acid and then the QuEChERS method was applied after the pH value was adjusted to 5.5–6.0, using 3-indolepropionic- d _2 acid and forchlorfenuron- d _5 as internal standard. The targeted 19 plant growth regulators were separated on an HSS T3 column using acetonitrile: 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate as the mobile phase. Quantitative results were based on multiple reaction monitoring mode after ionization in positive and negative electrospray ionization mode. Good linearity was achieved within a wide range and all the correlation coefficients were greater than 0.997. The limit of quantification was 0.060–6.0 μg/kg. Rate of recovery and relative standard deviation were 72.3–115.8 and 1.78–5.32%, respectively. The method was successfully applied to measure 19 plant growth regulator residues in 280 plant-originated commercial foods collected from local supermarkets in China. Twelve plant growth regulators were found in some of the analyzed samples.
Face recognition using Complete Fuzzy LDA

In this paper, we propose a novel method for feature extraction and recognition, namely, complete fuzzy LDA (CFLDA). CFLDA combines the complete LDA and fuzzy set theory. CFLDA redefines the fuzzy between-class scatter matrix and fuzzy within-class scatter matrix that make fully of the distribution of sample and simultaneously extract the irregular discriminative information and regular discriminative information. Experiments on the Yale and FERET face databases show that CFLDA can work well and surpass fuzzy Fisherface.
Virtual Medical Board: A Distributed Bayesian Agent Based Approach (S)

Distributed Decision Making has become of increasing importance to get solution of different real life problems, where decision makers are in geographically dispersed locations. Application of agent and multi agent system in this Distributed Decision Support System is an evolving paradigm. One of such real life problem is medical diagnosis. For critical medical diagnosis, medical board is formed which is a coordinative discussion mechanism between a group of expert physicians to diagnose a patient. But always forming a medical board with a group of expert physicians may not be possible due to lack of infrastructure, availability, time etc. In that situation the role of multi agent based distributed decision making can comes into play. In this paper we develop a Virtual Medical Board System in which a number of software agents(expert agents) act as a group of expert physician with knowledge base(KB), reasoning capability. They coordinatively discuss with each other to diagnose a patient. We represent the discussion module of the system in the form of Bayesian Network of Bayesian Agent(BNBA). In BNBA each BA is the expert software agent whose Knowledge Base(KB) is represented in the form of Bayesian Network(BN). Also the BDI(Belief,Desire, Intention) model of each BA is represented in this paper.
Why Not Try a Scientific Approach to Science Education?

The purpose of science education is no longer simply to train that tiny fraction of the population who will become the next generation of scientists. We need a more scientifically literate populace to address the global challenges that humanity now faces and that only science can explain and possibly mitigate, such as global warming, as well as to make wise decisions, informed by scientific understanding, about issues such as genetic modification.
A detailed observation of a LMC supernova remnant DEM L241 with XMM-Newton

We report on an XMM-Newton observation of the supernova remnant (SNR) DEM L241 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. In the soft band image, the emission shows an elongated structure, like a killifish, with a central compact source. The compact source is point-like, and named XMMU J053559.3-673509. The source spectrum is reproduced well by a power-law model with a photon index of $\Gamma = 1.57$ (1.51–1.62); and the intrinsic luminosity is 2.2 $\times$ $10^{35}~{\rm erg~s^{-1}}$ in the 0.5–10.0 keV band, with an assumed distance of 50 kpc. The source has neither significant coherent pulsations in 2.0 $\times$ 10 -3 –8.0 Hz nor time variabilities. Its luminosity and spectrum suggest that the source might be a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) in DEM L241. The spectral feature classifies this source as rather bright and hard PWN, which is similar to those in Kes 75 and B0540-693. The elongated diffuse structure can be divided into a “Head” and “Tail”, and both have soft and line-rich spectra. Their spectra are reproduced well by a plane-parallel shock plasma ( vpshock ) model with a temperature of 0.3–0.4 keV, over-abundance in O and Ne, and a relative under-abundance in Fe. Such an abundance pattern and the morphology imply both that the emission is from the ejecta of the SNR and that the progenitor of DEM L241 is a very massive star, more than 20 $M_\odot$. This result is also supported by the existence of the central point source and an OB star association, LH 88. The total thermal energy and plasma mass are ~4 $\times$ 10 50 erg and ~$200~M_\odot$, respectively.
Differential Effects of Quercetin and Quercetin Glycosides on Human α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Mediated Ion Currents

Quercetin is a flavonoid usually found in fruits and vegetables. Aside from its antioxidative effects, quercetin, like other flavonoids, has a various neuropharmacological actions. Quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (Rham1), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (Rutin), and quercetin-3-(2(G)-rhamnosylrutinoside (Rham2) are mono-, di-, and tri-glycosylated forms of quercetin, respectively. In a previous study, we showed that quercetin can enhance α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR)-mediated ion currents. However, the role of the carbohydrates attached to quercetin in the regulation of α7 nAChR channel activity has not been determined. In the present study, we investigated the effects of quercetin glycosides on the acetylcholine induced peak inward current (IACh) in Xenopus oocytes expressing the α7 nAChR. IACh was measured with a two-electrode voltage clamp technique. In oocytes injected with α7 nAChR copy RNA, quercetin enhanced IACh, whereas quercetin glycosides inhibited IACh. Quercetin glycosides mediated an inhibition of IACh, which increased when they were pre-applied and the inhibitory effects were concentration dependent. The order of IACh inhibition by quercetin glycosides was Rutin≥Rham1>Rham2. Quercetin glycosides-mediated IACh enhancement was not affected by ACh concentration and appeared voltage-independent. Furthermore, quercetin-mediated IACh inhibition can be attenuated when quercetin is co-applied with Rham1 and Rutin, indicating that quercetin glycosides could interfere with quercetin-mediated α7 nAChR regulation and that the number of carbohydrates in the quercetin glycoside plays a key role in the interruption of quercetin action. These results show that quercetin and quercetin glycosides regulate the α7 nAChR in a differential manner.
RE: Diffusion-Weighted MRI in Intrahepatic Bile Duct Adenoma Arising from the Cirrhotic Liver

We have read with great interest the recent case report of An et al. (1) revealing an intrahepatic bile duct adenoma (BDA) arising from a cirrhotic liver that was studied using both diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and gadoliniumethoxybenzyl-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acidenhanced magnetic resonance imaging. They stated that the BDA showed an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) twofold greater than that of the background liver parenchyma on DWI. In our opinion, some points about the report are not sufficiently clear. They declared that the ADC values of the BDA may have been higher than the background liver parenchyma due to its histological features. Nevertheless, they report a patient with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, and ADC values of patients with cirrhosis are lower than those of patients with a
A Faster Algorithm to Build New Users Similarity List in Neighbourhood-based Collaborative Filtering

Neighbourhood-based Collaborative Filtering (CF) has been applied in the industry for several decades, because of the easy implementation and high recommendation accuracy. As the core of neighbourhood-based CF, the task of dynamically maintaining users' similarity list is challenged by cold-start problem and scalability problem. Recently, several methods are presented on solving the two problems. However, these methods applied an $O(n^2)$ algorithm to compute the similarity list in a special case, where the new users, with enough recommendation data, have the same rating list. To address the problem of large computational cost caused by the special case, we design a faster ($O(\frac{1}{125}n^2)$) algorithm, TwinSearch Algorithm, to avoid computing and sorting the similarity list for the new users repeatedly to save the computational resources. Both theoretical and experimental results show that the TwinSearch Algorithm achieves better running time than the traditional method.
Physical Activity in Physical Education: A Case Study Investigation

A commitment to regular participation in Physical activity by young people has recently been emphasised by the physical education (PE) profession and other health promoting organisations as both critical to, and beneficial for, young peoples’ health. However, the contribution that PE generally, specific types of PE lessons and particular aspects of lessons, make to young peoples’ current and future health has yet to be adequately investigated. This paper reports a study that explored the physical activity levels of six year 7 girls throughout a unit of netball lessons. Recorded heart rate responses and systematic observation techniques were used to explore the amount of lesson time experienced within four different heart rate reserve (HRR) zones; light (<50%HRR), moderate (50‐60%HRR), moderate to vigorous (60‐75%HRR) and vigorous (>75%HRR). Results are presented for two phases of data analysis: (i) all six lessons in the netball unit, (ii) a comparative analysis of two identified types of lesson; ‘game, playing dominated’ and ‘skill practise dominated’. It is noted that on average the netball lessons contributed 60% or approximately 30 minutes of activity time towards recommended daily activity goals for young people, and that the girls in this study were physically active for a greater amount of time during ‘game playing dominated’ lessons as compared to ‘skill practice dominated’ lessons. In addition, the girls experienced a notable amount of time at a ‘light’ activity level, and participated in a particularly vigorous warm‐up activity. Results are discussed in relation to issues of curriculum design, lesson structure, teaching methods and the overlying aims of PE and the National Curriculum Physical Education (NCPE) in England specifically.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Membrane Phosphoproteome Regulated by Oligogalacturonides in Arabidopsis thaliana

Early changes in the Arabidopsis thaliana membrane phosphoproteome in response to oligogalacturonides (OGs), a class of plant damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), were analyzed by two complementary proteomic approaches. Differentially phosphorylated sites were determined through phosphopeptide enrichment followed by LC-MS/MS using label-free quantification; differentially phosphorylated proteins were identified by 2D-DIGE combined with phospho-specific fluorescent staining (phospho-DIGE). This large-scale phosphoproteome analysis of early OG-signaling enabled us to determine 100 regulated phosphosites using LC-MS/MS and 46 differential spots corresponding to 34 pdhosphoproteins using phospho-DIGE. Functional classification showed that the OG-responsive phosphoproteins include kinases, phosphatases and receptor-like kinases, heat shock proteins (HSPs), reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes, proteins related to cellular trafficking, transport, defense and signaling as well as novel candidates for a role in immunity, for which elicitor-induced phosphorylation changes have not been shown before. A comparison with previously identified elicitor-regulated phosphosites shows only a very limited overlap, uncovering the immune-related regulation of 70 phosphorylation sites and revealing novel potential players in the regulation of elicitor-dependent immunity.
The perception of word boundaries in a second language

Adult Spanish second language (L2) learners of English and native speakers of English participated in an English perception task designed to investigate their ability to use L2 acoustic-phonetic cues, e.g., aspiration, to segment the stream of speech into words. Subjects listened to a phrase and indicated whether they heard, e.g., keep sparking or keeps parking. The results indicate that learners are significantly worse than native speakers at using acoustic-phonetic cues, and that some types of stimuli are easier for learners to segment than others. The findings suggest that various factors, including transfer and markedness, may be relevant to success in L2 segmentation.
Towards a New Agenda for Work and Personality: Traits, Self-identity, "Strong" Interactionism, and Change

Les mesures et les concepts relatifs a la personnalite suscitent un regain d'interet. Cet article passe en revue quelques themes actuels de premiere importance et ouvre de nouveaux horizons pour les theories et les recherches, en s'attachant en particulier a leur pertinence pour la psychologie du travail. Historiquement, trois themes ont ete developpes dans ce domaine: la recherche d'universaux pretendant decrire et predire la personnalite, la recherche de la perfectibilite a travers les concepts d'apprentissage et de changement, et la recherche de solutions interactionnistes menageant un compromis entre ces orientations. Toutefois, plus d'un soit-disant interactionnisme semble bâti sur un terrain mouvant, et l'on ressent le besoin d'un nouvel interactionnisme fort qui reconnaisse d'une part la puissance et la relative stabilite des structures profondes de la personnalite et d'autre part l'importance des contraintes de situation, on peut reformuler ces relations avec une meilleure identification des differents statuts et fonctions des concepts de personnalite et d'identite. Ceci conduit egalement a de nouvelles facons de penser les notions cles de l'adaptation personne-environnement, par exemple les significations envisageables des types de personnalite determinants-non determinants ou encore les differences interindividuelles dans la propension au changement ou a la stabilite de la personnalite.
Simian Virus 5 V Protein Acts as an Adaptor, Linking DDB1 to STAT2, To Facilitate the Ubiquitination of STAT1

ABSTRACT The V protein of simian virus 5 (SV5) facilitates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation of STAT1. Here we show, by visualizing direct protein-protein interactions and by using the yeast two-hybrid system, that while the SV5 V protein fails to bind to STAT1 directly, it binds directly and independently to both DDB1 and STAT2, two cellular proteins known to be essential for SV5-mediated degradation of STAT1. We also demonstrate that STAT1 and STAT2 interact independently of SV5 V and show that SV5 V protein acts as an adaptor molecule linking DDB1 to STAT2/STAT1 heterodimers, which in the presence of additional accessory cellular proteins, including Cullin 4a, can ubiquitinate STAT1. Additionally, we show that the avidity of STAT2 for V is relatively weak but is significantly enhanced by the presence of both STAT1 and DDB1, i.e., the complex of STAT1, STAT2, DDB1, and SV5 V is more stable than a complex of STAT2 and V. From these studies we propose a dynamic model in which SV5 V acts as a bridge, bringing together a DDB1/Cullin 4a-containing ubiquitin ligase complex and STAT1/STAT2 heterodimers, which leads to the degradation of STAT1. The loss of STAT1 results in a decrease in affinity of binding of STAT2 for V such that STAT2 either dissociates from V or is displaced from V by STAT1/STAT2 complexes, thereby ensuring the cycling of the DDB1 and SV5 V containing E3 complex for continued rounds of STAT1 ubiquitination and degradation.
Parenting Practices and Well Being Outcome in Young Adulthood

This research investigated the consequences of early parenting practices on well-being during adulthood. We hypothesized: a) parental care would be correlated with psychological well-being variables of psychological strain and self-esteem; and b) parental over-protection would be correlated with the variables of psychological well-being (psychological strain and self-esteem). For this purpose, we solicited 67 men and 83 women within an age range of 18 to 25(M=21.20, SD = 1.90). The Parental Bonding Instrument, (PBI: Parker, Tupling, & Brown, 1979), General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12; Goldberg, 1972) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE: Rosenberg 1965) were used to assess the early parenting practices, psychological strain and self-esteem, respectively. A Pearson Product Moment correlation of coefficient was calculated to assess the relationship among the variables. Results suggested that parental care was significantly negatively correlated with psychological strain (r=-.26, p < .01) and significantly positively correlated with self-esteem (r = .38, p < .01); whereas parental over- protection was significantly positively correlated with psychological strain (r = .30, p < .01) and significantly negatively correlated with self-esteem (r = -.34, p < .01). The findings indicated that parental affection, emotional warmth and empathy serve as a guard against psychological vulnerability for young adults and hence enhance their self-esteem, however, intrusion, and parental over-control develop a sense of worthlessness, low self-esteem and psychological strain among individuals.
Sustainability of Social Programs

The article reports on the findings of a comparative case study of six projects that operated in Israel between 1980 and 2000. The study findings identify characteristics of the programs, the host organizations, and the social and political environment, which differentiated programs that are sustained from those that are not. The findings reaffirm the importance of the human factor, namely, the commitment of the leadership of the host organization. In addition, the findings of these case studies point to factors that until now have not gained sufficient attention, such as the type of host organization or public attitudes toward different target populations.