Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Seed Germination By Propyl Gallate, A Free Radical Scavenger and Recovery of Germination By Hydrogen Peroxide and Ethylene in Vigna Radiata

In the present investigation, effect of propyl gallate, a free radical scavenger, was studied on germination of Vigna radiata seeds to verify the role of active oxygen species in the regulation of seed germination. Propyl gallate inhibited germination and such inhibition was not due to osmotic effect as verified by the treatment with sucrose solution of similar concentrations. Treatments were also effective in a similar way on water uptake and growth kinetics of isolated embryonic axes. Increasing duration of pretreatment with propyl gallate also retarded seed germination as well as water uptake and growth of axes proportionately. Conversely, incubation in water followed by treatment with propyl gallate caused inhibition of germination immediately after the transfer. Same pattern was noted in case of water uptake and growth kinetics of isolated axes. When the seeds were simultaneously treated with propyl gallate and hydrogen peroxide, germination was restored to a great extent. Such recovery, though to a far lesser extent, was also found with ethylene (in the form of ethrel) given simultaneously with propyl gallate. No added effect was found when seeds were treated with both ethylene and hydrogen peroxide together in presence of propyl gallate. However, recovery effect by these combined treatments was not reflected in case of water uptake and growth kinetics of isolated axes.
Nutritional interactions with reproduction in birds

Interaction from left to right, i.e. reproduction -+ nutrition, dominates the study of nutrition in domestic animals. Reproduction is thought of as generating a requirement for nutrients, which if not supplied results in less than optimum (usually maximum) production. In commercial systems the size and reproductive potential and therefore the nutrient requirements of birds are frequently changed by restricting growth during the rearing period. In table-egg-laying strains (layers) the change is not large but in broiler breeder hens the effect is dramatic. This is an example of nutrition -+ reproduction interaction and will be discussed later in this paper. There are four major components in the reproductive life-cycle of the bird (Fig. I). Man controls the environment of domesticated birds and maintains stable population sizes by removing eggs or young birds in much the same way as predators in the wild. The main determinant of domesticated survival is the economic production of eggs for both the table egg and broiler-meat industries. A simplifying model of nutrient responses for egg production, fertility, hatchability and early chick survival will be described first. Some apparent exceptions in broiler breeders fed on a limited quantity of feed to restrict growth during rearing will then be discussed.
Examination of the Attitudes of Middle School Students towards Social Media.

This study aims to identify middle school students` general attitudes towards social media. Participants of this descriptive study were middle school students from three public schools (n=367) in Ankara. Data was collected using “Demographic Information Form” and “Social Media Attitudes Survey for Students” developed by Ferhat Suleyman Argin in 2013. Data was analyzed using ANOVA, t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskall Wallis-H test, frequency (f) and percentage (%). In this study, demographic information such as students’ gender, school type, grade level, perceived income levels, mother’s education level, and father’s education level; and social media use information such as membership to social media services, duration of social media use, frequency of social media use, time spent on social media at each use, medium that they use social media, tools to access social media and most used social media were collected. Students’ scores for Social Media Attitudes Survey were compared between groups based on this demographic and social media use variables. There were not a significant difference of Social Media Attitudes scores between the groups based on gender, schools, grade levels, perceived income levels, mother’s education level, father’s education level, membership to social media services, medium that they use social media, and tools to access social media variables. There were a significant difference of Social Media Attitudes scores between the groups based on frequency of social media use, and time spent on social media at each use variables. Since most used social media services variable was not distributed homogeneously, it couldn’t be compared. Based on the students overall Social Media Attitudes scores averages and score distribution and standard deviations it could be claimed that students’ general attitude toward social media was positive and high.
A Synchronous Corpus-Based Study on the Usage and Perception of Judgement Terms in the Pan-Chinese Context

This paper reports on a synchronous corpus-based study of the everyday usage of a set of Chinese judgement terms. An earlier study on Hong Kong data found that these terms were more polysemous than their English counterparts within the legal domain, and were even more fuzzily used in general news reportage. The current study further compares their usage in general texts from other Chinese speech communities (Beijing, Taiwan, and Singapore) to explore the regional differences in lexicalisation and perception of the relevant legal concepts. Corpus data revealed the distinctiveness of the Singapore data, and that the contrasting frequency distributions of the terms and senses could be a result of the varied focus in reportage or the use of alternative expressions for the same concepts in individual communities. The analysis will contribute to the construction and enrichment of Pan-Chinese lexico-semantic resources, which will be useful for many natural language processing applications, such as machine translation.
E-commerce use in urbanising China: the role of normative social influence

ABSTRACT In the past 30 years, China has undergone unprecedented urbanisation: the country's urban population surpassed that of rural areas for the first time in 2011. Despite its soaring popularity, the urban–rural divide in e-commerce use has been persistent and striking. How to promote e-commerce use among the new urbanites to ensure its sustainable development and reduce the digital divide in China's rapid urbanisation context? Drawing on the diffusion of innovations theory and the Theory of Planned Behaviour, using data from a survey of a representative sample of China's urban population (N = 1288), this study investigates the various effects of normative social influence on online shopping application and intention among urban residents, rural-to-urban migrants, and in-situ urbanised rural residents. Normative social influence is found to be significantly associated with actual online shopping application, particularly among in-situ urbanised rural residents. The research suggests that the new urbanities in China can benefit from e-commerce use if strategies focusing on expanding and strengthening normative social influence are promoted. Policies that intend to address the urban–rural digital divide in information and communication technology adoption should also consider approaching the issue by utilising the normative social influence.
Uniform Hypergraph Partitioning: Provable Tensor Methods and Sampling Techniques

In a series of recent works, we have generalised the consistency results in the stochastic block model literature to the case of uniform and non-uniform hypergraphs. The present paper continues the same line of study, where we focus on partitioning weighted uniform hypergraphs---a problem often encountered in computer vision. This work is motivated by two issues that arise when a hypergraph partitioning approach is used to tackle computer vision problems: (i) The uniform hypergraphs constructed for higher-order learning contain all edges, but most have negligible weights. Thus, the adjacency tensor is nearly sparse, and yet, not binary. (ii) A more serious concern is that standard partitioning algorithms need to compute all edge weights, which is computationally expensive for hypergraphs. This is usually resolved in practice by merging the clustering algorithm with a tensor sampling strategy---an approach that is yet to be analysed rigorously. We build on our earlier work on partitioning dense unweighted uniform hypergraphs (Ghoshdastidar and Dukkipati, ICML, 2015), and address the aforementioned issues by proposing provable and efficient partitioning algorithms. Our analysis justifies the empirical success of practical sampling techniques. We also complement our theoretical findings by elaborate empirical comparison of various hypergraph partitioning schemes.
Optimal Sizing of Battery Storage Systems for Industrial Applications when Uncertainties Exist

Demand response (DR) can be very useful for an industrial facility, since it allows noticeable reductions in the electricity bill due to the significant value of energy demand. Although most industrial processes have stringent constraints in terms of hourly active power, DR only becomes attractive when performed with the contemporaneous use of battery energy storage systems (BESSs). When this option is used, an optimal sizing of BESSs is desirable, because the investment costs can be significant. This paper deals with the optimal sizing of a BESS installed in an industrial facility to reduce electricity costs. A four-step procedure, based on Decision Theory, was used to obtain a good solution for the sizing problem, even when facing uncertainties; in fact, we think that the sizing procedure must properly take into account the unavoidable uncertainties introduced by the cost of electricity and the load demands of industrial facilities. Three approaches provided by Decision Theory were applied, and they were based on: (1) the minimization of expected cost; (2) the regret felt by the sizing engineer; and (3) a mix of (1) and (2). The numerical applications performed on an actual industrial facility provided evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed procedure.
On 3D input devices

We provide an overview of some of our input device developments, which we designed in response to the need for more advanced 3D interfaces. Some of our devices are more task-specific and others are more general, but all of them support six or more degrees of freedom (DOF) and work in three dimensions. In our work, we try to understand the essential requirements of individual tasks and task combinations to develop corresponding devices and interaction techniques. This is our way of developing input devices for the 3D domain that work better for certain application areas than 2D mouses, gloves, and wands.
Exploring definitions of food insecurity and vulnerability: time to refocus assessments

Abstract Recent high food prices and changes in the world food situation are exacerbating the conditions of households that are vulnerable to food insecurity, especially those with weak livelihood strategies. To address the impact of these and other stressors it is necessary to develop a deeper understanding of concepts such as ‘vulnerability’ and ‘food insecurity’. This is challenging as both concepts are used rather loosely in the food security despite both having at least two dimensions. Vulnerability has an external and internal dimension, and food insecurity has a temporal and intensity dimension. However, assessments are often only concerned with one dimension at a time. An exploration of the two concepts suggests that in both cases the dimensions need to be combined in order to understand the different interactions and the interconnections between different dimensions and the multiple levels of the systems in which they are embedded. This combination of dimensions is important for understanding the significant role that livelihoods play in the accumulation of assets and for accessing food. It makes the understanding of the multiple causes and consequences of vulnerability and food insecurity for different households clearer. Those households and individuals considered chronically poor or food-insecure are likely to experience severe food insecurity in the long-term, as a result of their weak livelihoods and minimal assets. Consequently, future studies on vulnerability to food insecurity should focus on these chronically food insecure households in order to determine the multidimensional nature of the stressors they experience and their ability to cope and adapt to these stressors. This would contribute to our understanding of the contexts in which the data from larger quantitative studies are embedded.
KeyTilt: un clavier logiciel par inclinaison

This paper describes KeyTilt a complete soft keyboard usable with one hand on mobile devices. It combines a selection with a finger and an explicit disambiguation through the use of tilt in pronation / supination. A first experiment shows that this solution is usable and provides good performance but far below the performance of an AZERTY soft keyboard operated with a stylus. Users have only used their non dominant hand and expressed good satisfaction.
Immediate Changes in Stroke Lesion Volumes Post Thrombolysis Predict Clinical Outcome

Background and Purpose— We hypothesize that reversal in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) volume at 24 hours predicts favorable clinical outcome only if accompanied by immediate reperfusion. Our aim was to quantify the immediate DWI and mean transit time changes at 2 and 24 hours after intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator to evaluate the effect of reperfusion and DWI change on outcome. Methods— Patients were selected from the Lesion Evolution in Stroke and Ischemia On Neuroimaging Project if they had an acute MRI with evaluable DWI and perfusion-weighted imaging, were treated with standard intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator, had post-thrombolysis MRI with evaluable DWI and perfusion-weighted imaging at 2 and 24 hours and had follow-up fluid attenuated inversion recovery MRI at discharge through 90 days. A reader measured the DWI, mean transit time, and fluid attenuated inversion recovery volumes using a validated technique. A vascular neurologist scored the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at admit, 2, and 24 hours and the modified Rankin Scale at discharge, 5, 30, and 90 days. Favorable clinical outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale of 0 or 1. Results— Seventy-one patients met the study criteria with mean (±SD) age of 71.6 (±16.4) years, 58% women, median admit National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 9 (interquartile range, 4–18), median onset to triage 45 minutes (30–65), and median first MRI to intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator 47 minutes (39–59). In binary multiple logistic regression analysis, younger age (odds ratio, 1.165; P=0.014; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.031–1.316), lower admit National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (odds ratio, 1.221; P=0.012; 95% confidence interval, 1.045–1.427), decrease in mean transit time volume at 2 hours (odds ratio, 1.021; P=0.031; 95% confidence interval, 1.002–1.040), and decrease in DWI volume at 24 hours (odds ratio, 1.173; P=0.027; 95% confidence interval, 1.018–1.351) were significant predictors of favorable clinical outcome. Conclusions— Reversal of the DWI volume at 24 hours because of immediate reperfusion in patients post thrombolysis is predictive of favorable clinical outcome.
Fast Product-Matrix Regenerating Codes

Distributed storage systems support failures of individual devices by the use of replication or erasure correcting codes. While erasure correcting codes offer a better storage efficiency than replication for similar fault tolerance, they incur higher CPU consumption, higher network consumption and higher disk I/Os. To address these issues, codes specific to storage systems have been designed. Their main feature is the ability to repair a single lost disk efficiently. In this paper, we focus on one such class of codes that minimize network consumption during repair, namely regenerating codes. We implement the original Product-Matrix Regenerating codes as well as a new optimization we propose and show that the resulting optimized codes allow achieving 790 MB/s for encoding in typical settings. Reported speeds are significantly higher than previous studies, highlighting that regenerating codes can be used with little CPU penalty.
A randomized trial of sertraline as a cessation aid for smokers with a history of major depression.

OBJECTIVE Evidence that major depression can be a significant hindrance to smoking cessation prompted this examination of the usefulness of sertraline as a cessation aid for smokers with a history of major depression. Specifically, sertraline's efficacy for smoking abstinence and its effects on withdrawal symptoms were evaluated. METHOD The study design included a 1-week placebo washout, a 9-week double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment phase followed by a 9-day taper period, and a 6-month drug-free follow-up. One hundred thirty-four smokers with a history of major depression were randomly assigned to receive sertraline (N=68) or matching placebo (N=66); all received intensive individual cessation counseling during nine clinic visits. RESULTS Sertraline treatment produced a lower total withdrawal symptom score and less irritability, anxiety, craving, and restlessness than placebo. However, the abstinence rates did not significantly differ between treatment groups: 28.8% (19 of 66) for placebo and 33.8% (23 of 68) for sertraline at the end of treatment and 16.7% (11 of 66) for placebo and 11.8% (eight of 68) for sertraline at the 6-month follow-up. No moderating effects of single or recurrent major depression, depressed mood at baseline, nicotine dependence level, or gender were observed. CONCLUSIONS Sertraline did not add to the efficacy of an intensive individual counseling program in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. However, given that the end-of-treatment abstinence rate for the placebo group was much higher than expected, it is unclear whether a ceiling effect of the high level of psychological intervention received by all subjects prevented an adequate test of sertraline.
Multiresolution Matrix Compression

Multiresolution Matrix Factorization (MMF) is a recently introduced method for finding multiscale structure and defining wavelets on graphs and matrices. MMF can also be used for matrix compression (sketching). However, the original MMF algorithm of (Kondor et al., 2014) scales with n or worse (where n is the number of rows/columns in the matrix to be factorized) making it infeasible for large scale problems. In this paper we describe pMMF, a fast parallel MMF algorithm, which can scale to n in the range of millions. Our experimental results show that when used for matrix compression, pMMF often achieves much lower error than competing algorithms (especially on network data), yet for sparse matrices its running time scales close to linearly with n.
Lifeworld perspectives on assistive devices: Lived experiences of spouses of persons with stroke

The purpose of this study was to explore how spouses of persons with a disability following stroke describe their lived experiences regarding assistive devices in everyday life. A phenomenological lifeworld approach was used and conversational interviews were conducted with 12 spouses. Their lived experiences of assistive devices were explored in relation to four lifeworld existentials intertwined in everyday life. The results showed that lived body concerns aspects of feelings, habits, and incorporation of the devices with one's own body. The devices are, from the spouses’ perspective, a prerequisite for their partner with stroke living at home. Successively the devices are incorporated into the couples’ homes, and they provide a new view of the environment, aspects related to lived space. The devices bring about a changed relation to lived time, related to past, present, and future. Further, lived human relation concerns changed relationships to husbands/wives with stroke, including a great responsibility due to the devices and their usage. The results also included stigmatizing aspects and a twofold relationship to health professionals regarding participation in decisions about prescribing assistive devices. Understanding the unique meaning of assistive devices from the spouses’ perspective is vital for occupational therapists prescribing such devices.
Stuttering frequency on content and function words in adults who stutter: a concept revisited.

This study investigated stuttering frequency as a function of grammatical word type (i.e., content and function). Ten adults who stutter participated. Participants recited aloud a list of 126 words consisting of an equal number of content and function words, which were presented individually and visually via a laptop computer. Each word belonged to a single grammatical category. Further, words were matched for initial sound and approximate number of syllables. The results indicated that adults who stutter exhibited significantly greater stuttering frequency on content words when presented in isolation (p = 0.018). It was conjectured that the responsible factor contributing to differences in stuttering frequency in adults who stutter resides in word frequency disparities between the two classes of words categories. That is, because the function words are limited in number and are used frequently, repeated use on the part of adults who stutter may lead to a generalized adaptation effect for function words and hence reduced stuttering frequency (as compared with content words).
Teaching Physical Education: A Conceptual Analysis with Implications for Teachers

This article attempts to provide a conceptual analysis of the term teaching physical education. It discusses the apparent inadequacies and deficiencies about teaching physical education reported in the literature, which have been consistently observed in contacts with teachers and student teachers. Terms such as training and coaching, which are often applied to the physical education teacher, are critically examined and found to be inadequate equivalents of teaching. The concept of teaching physical education connotes an educational goal with processes involving the development of skills and the formation of values, attitudes, and interests in learners. Hence its activities must reflect and be geared toward those ends.