Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
2 4 IN-VIVO AND IN-VITRO MODELS ON COLON CANCER

In-Vivo and In-Vitro models are thought to be the best model’s for to obtain transferable results. The present review aims to give a short overview of the existing in-vivo and in-vitro models and their characteristics. Four different autochthonous tumor models; 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, N-methylnitrosourea, N-mthyl-NꞋ-nitro-Nnitrosoguanidine, N-nitroso-acetoxymethyl-methylamine, are the In-Vivo models and the In-vitro models; studies involving primary cell cultures, studies on cell line, Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay, MTT (Microculture Tetrazolium) assay, SRB (Sulphorhod Amine B) assay, Trypan Blue Exclusion and Crystal Violet Inclusion these are used worldwide for cell violability, cell growth studies of colon cancer cell line. The choice of the model for experimental investigation of colon cancer should be depends on the clinical equations. [5]
An Exploration of Job Perceptions and Health Using an Integrative Approach: A Sample of Air Traffic Controllers Working in a Test Flight Center

Job perceptions and their relations with psychological and physical health were explored in a small group of military air traffic controllers (ATCOs) working in a test flight center. The participants rated dimensions of job requirements (psychological demands, overcommitment, work–family interferences), job resources (control, professional, and personal social support), and health indicators. The results show that the ATCOs in the study perceived their job as an active and demanding job but not in the same stressful way as civil ATCOs do. Some job requirement dimensions were positively associated with a number of health indicators. Overall and on-shift job resources were partially correlated, unlike overall and on-shift job requirements. Results favor an integrative approach of job perceptions.
Retrogradation of Maize Starch after High Hydrostatic Pressure Gelation: Effect of Amylose Content and Depressurization Rate

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) has been employed to gelatinize or physically modify starch dispersions. In this study, waxy maize starch, normal maize starch, and two high amylose content starch were processed by a HHP of the order of 600 MPa, at 25°C for 15min. The effect of HHP processing on the crystallization of maize starches with various amylose content during storage at 4°C was investigated. Crystallization kinetics of HHP treated starch gels were investigated using rheology and FTIR. The effect of crystallization on the mechanical properties of starch gel network were evaluated in terms of dynamic complex modulus (G*). The crystallization induced increase of short-range helices structures were investigated using FTIR. The pressure releasing rate does not affect the starch retrogradation behaviour. The rate and extent of retrogradation depends on the amylose content of amylose starch. The least retrogradation was observed in HHP treated waxy maize starch. The rate of retrogradation is higher for HHP treated high amylose maize starch than that of normal maize starch. A linear relationship between the extent of retrogradation (phase distribution) measured by FTIR and G* is proposed.
Variation through markedness suppression*

Certain optional phonological processes may apply to any number of the potential targets in a form, yielding outputs in which the process applies to a proper subset of the available loci. Such patterns are incompatible with OT-based frameworks that produce variation by providing multiple constraint rankings. While one ranking may favour exhaustive application and another no application, no ranking favours application at just some loci. The framework presented here, Markedness Suppression, solves this problem: eval may ignore any violation mark assigned by designated markedness constraints, creating variation by manipulating candidates' violation profiles. By ignoring different violation marks on different evaluations, the full range of attested forms is produced, including ones with intermediate levels of process application. Markedness Suppression achieves better empirical coverage than competing frameworks, in terms of both producing the correct range of variants and modelling their output frequencies.
Dependence between Extreme Events in the Real and Financial Sectors

Extreme events affect both the real economy and financial markets, and it is valuable to understand their interrelationship. We analyze the likelihood of crises in the macroeconomy and in financial markets. We compare rare disaster data from Barro and Jin (2011), crisis data from Reinhart and Rogoff (2009), real time macroeconomic data from Diebold et al (2009), and a unique industry dataset of Turbulence Indices. We examine dependence across the various measures of crises, as well as predictability, using annual and daily data. For annual data, the dependence between crises in the real and financial sectors increases over time for emerging markets, but decreases for OECD countries. We also document persistence at the one year and two year horizons for disasters in the real economy. For daily data, there is, surprisingly, little relation between turbulence in US equity and the real economy. However, there is strong evidence of two-way predictability up to two weeks out for the US economy and global turbulence. A dynamic copula model indicates that the real economy and various turbulence indices alternate between regimes of positive and negative dependence.
FBK: Exploiting Phrasal and Contextual Clues for Negation Scope Detection

Automatic detection of negation cues along with their scope and corresponding negated events is an important task that could benefit other natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as extraction of factual information from text, sentiment analysis, etc. This paper presents a system for this task that exploits phrasal and contextual clues apart from various token specific features. The system was developed for the participation in the Task 1 (closed track) of the *SEM 2012 Shared Task (Resolving the Scope and Focus of Negation), where it is ranked 3rd among the participating teams while attaining the highest F1 score for negation cue detection.
Mediating between heterogeneous ontologies using schema matching techniques

The semantic Web envisions an Internet where data can be used by applications just as easily as it can be by humans. Ontologies are a key building block of the semantic Web, and can enable applications to have a shared understanding of data, and to be semantically interoperable. However, ontologies from heterogeneous sources may use different terms to represent the same concept. This can present problems for applications which are required to work interoperably with independently produced ontologies. Manually determining semantically equivalent terms between ontologies is a laborious and error-prone process. In this paper, we present an architecture which uses machine-learning techniques to produce mappings between semantically equivalent terms in heterogeneous ontologies. The architecture combines the results of several machine-learning algorithms, in order to be effective with a wider range of data than if a single algorithm were used.
COPD prevalence is increased in lung cancer, independent of age, sex and smoking history

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common comorbid disease in lung cancer, estimated to affect 40–70% of lung cancer patients, depending on diagnostic criteria. As smoking exposure is found in 85–90% of those diagnosed with either COPD or lung cancer, coexisting disease could merely reflect a shared smoking exposure. Potential confounding by age, sex and pack-yr smoking history, and/or by the possible effects of lung cancer on spirometry, may result in over-diagnosis of COPD prevalence. In the present study, the prevalence of COPD (pre-bronchodilator Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2+ criteria) in patients diagnosed with lung cancer was 50% compared with 8% in a randomly recruited community control group, matched for age, sex and pack-yr smoking exposure (n = 602, odds ratio 11.6; p<0.0001). In a subgroup analysis of those with lung cancer and lung function measured prior to the diagnosis of lung cancer (n = 127), we found a nonsignificant increase in COPD prevalence following diagnosis (56–61%; p = 0.45). After controlling for important variables, the prevalence of COPD in newly diagnosed lung cancer cases was six-fold greater than in matched smokers; this is much greater than previously reported. We conclude that COPD is both a common and important independent risk factor for lung cancer.
Pennsylvanian tropical floras from the United States as a record of changing climate

Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) fossil fl oras from the United States are well studied as adpression, permineralization, and palynomorph assemblages throughout the stratigraphic column. These data represent an intrabiomic record that can serve as a proxy for climate change in the Carboniferous tropics. The short-term climatic changes that accompanied the alternations between glacial and interglacial intervals did not alter the persistence of the ecological structure of the landscape. Even after fl oras had been extirpated over large parts of the North American continent in response to marine transgressions, the same plants and plant communities repeatedly returned when the sea receded. However, at the Westphalian-Stephanian boundary (approximately Desmoinesian-Missourian; Moscovian-Kasimovian boundary), major vegetational changes occurred that suggest a signifi cant environmental threshold had been exceeded. Entire clades (most tree lycopsids and medullosans with very large seeds) became extinct, and tree ferns became dominant, changing the aspect of the ecological landscape. This change refl ects the overall warming of Earth’s climate, greater seasonality, and shorter periods of wet conditions in the tropics of the late Pennsylvanian.
Modeling, analysis and neural MPPT control design of a PV-generator powered dc motor-pump system

This paper presents the optimization of a photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system using maximum power point tracking technique (MPPT). The optimization is suspended to reference optimal power. This optimization technique is developed to assure the optimum chopping ratio of buck-boost converter. The presented MPPT technique is used in photovoltaic water pumping system in order to optimize its efficiency. An adaptive controller with emphasis on Nonlinear Autoregressive Moving Average (NARMA) based on artificial neural networks approach is applied in order to optimize the duty ratio for PV maximum power at any irradiation level. In this application, an indirect data-based technique is taken, where a model of the plant is identified on the basis of input-output data and then used in the model-based design of a neural network controller. The proposed controller has the advantages of robustness, fast response and good performance. The PV generator DC motor pump system with the proposed controller has been tested through a step change in irradiation level. Simulation results show that accurate MPPT tracking performance of the proposed system has been achieved. Further, the performance of the proposed artificial neural network (ANN) controller is compared with a PID controller through simulation studies. Obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach.
Molecular Star Formation Rate Indicators in Galaxies

We derive a physical model for the observed relations between star formation rate (SFR) and molecular line (CO and HCN) emission in galaxies and show how these observed relations are reflective of the underlying star formation law. We do this by combining 3D non-LTE radiative transfer calculations with hydrodynamic simulations of isolated disk galaxies and galaxy mergers. We demonstrate that the observed SFR-molecular line relations are driven by the relationship between molecular line emission and gas density and anchored by the index of the underlying Schmidt law controlling the SFR in the galaxy. Lines with low critical densities (e.g., CO J = 1–0) are typically thermalized and trace the gas density faithfully. In these cases, the SFR will be related to line luminosity with an index similar to the Schmidt law index. Lines with high critical densities greater than the mean density of most of the emitting clouds in a galaxy (e.g., CO J = 3–2, HCN J = 1–0) will have only a small amount of thermalized gas and consequently a superlinear relationship between molecular line luminosity (Lmol) and mean gas density (). This results in an SFR-line luminosity index less than the Schmidt index for high critical density tracers. One observational consequence of this is a significant redistribution of light from the small pockets of dense, thermalized gas to diffuse gas along the line of sight, and prodigious emission from subthermally excited gas. At the highest star formation rates, the SFR-Lmol slope tends to the Schmidt index, regardless of the molecular transition. The fundamental relation is the Kennicutt-Schmidt law, rather than the relation between SFR and molecular line luminosity. Our model for SFR-molecular line relations quantitatively reproduces the slopes of the observed SFR-CO (J = 1–0), CO (J = 3–2), and HCN (J = 1–0) relations when a Schmidt law with index of ~1.5 describes the SFR. We use these results to make imminently testable predictions for the SFR-molecular line relations of unobserved transitions.
Inline immediate feedback in Arabic web forms: An eye tracking study of transactional tasks

Inline validation in web forms is essential when the complexity of fields in a form increases the likelihood that users would enter invalid or incorrect data, or to confirm appropriate answers. However, little is known about how users examine inline validation and how effective it is in supporting interaction in web transactional tasks. This paper describes an eye tracking study of web form interaction in which immediate inline validation is examined by analyzing user behavior as well as eye gaze patterns on Arabic web form fields for password entry. Findings suggest that web users exhibit sufficient visual attention on inline feedback, however users tend to respond more when the feedback is related error handling or warnings than when the feedback is a confirmation message. We conclude with design implications for the design of web forms.
Stability of the black hole horizon and the Landau ghost.

The stability of the black hole horizon is demanded by both cosmic censorship and the generalized second law of thermodynamics. We test the consistency of these principles by attempting to exceed the black hole extremality condition in various processes in which a U(1) charge is added to a nearly extreme Reissner-Nordstroem black hole charged with a [ital different] type of U(1) charge. For an infalling spherical charged shell the attempt is foiled by the self-Coulomb repulsion of the shell. For an infalling classical charge it fails because the required classical charge radius exceeds the size of the black hole. For a quantum charge the horizon is saved because, in order to aviod the Landau ghost, the effective coupling constant cannot be large enough to accomplish the removal of the horizon.
From Accounting to "Forecounting" DE LA COMPTABILITÉ À LA « COMPTABILITÉ PROSPECTIVE »

Using Ross Skinner's 1995 CA Magazine article, “Judgment in Jeopardy", as a stepping stone, we revisit the meaning of professional judgment in accounting in light of developments in standard setting, financial markets, and business operations that have taken place over the past two decades. We argue that it is time to change the view that accountants' professional judgment is the application of accounting-based knowledge and experience in the selection of an appropriate accounting method. Accountants now face a standard-setting context that emphasizes the estimation of future cash flows as well as new business and financial realities. This context implies that, in exercising their professional judgment to choose between forecast alternatives, accountants must rely on knowledge and experience from other disciplines (even though this is not well integrated into accounting). Hence, accounting must evolve from its traditional stewardship role to the new role of “forecount-ing” (the estimation of future cash flows). The implications as well as the challenges of that evolution are discussed.
A ∞ -structures, Brill-noether Loci and the Fourier-mukai Transform

The goal of this paper is to show how the techniques of A∞-categories can be applied to the study of variation of cohomology spaces of coherent sheaves under deformations. Our starting point is the fact that the derived category D(X) of coherent sheaves on a k-scheme X, where k is a field, can be equipped with a natural structure of A∞-category (canonical up to a homotopy). The notion of A∞-category generalizes the concept of A∞-algebra due to J. Stasheff [32]. It was introduced by K. Fukaya in [8] in connection with Floer homology and then used by M. Kontsevich in his homological formulation of mirror symmetry (see [18]). The A∞-structure on the derived category D (X) can be defined naturally using some dg-category producing D(X) by passing to cohomology. This construction was first introduced by T. V. Kadeishvili [11] in the setting of A∞algebras. The idea of considering additional structures on derived categories coming from dg-categories goes back to [4]. Let us assume that X is projective over k. The observation we make is that the A∞structure on D(X) can be used to describe the variation of cohomology spaces under formal deformations of coherent sheaves on X. Our main result, Theorem 2.7, gives an explicit description in terms of the A∞-structure of a complex that governs such a variation over a formal neighborhood of a given coherent sheaf in its moduli space. This theorem was inspired by the study by M. Green and R. Lazarsfeld of the variation of cohomology spaces under deformations of topologically trivial holomorphic line bundles on a Kähler manifold (see [10] Thm. 3.2). Note that A∞-structures do not appear in loc. cit. since for topologically trivial line bundles on a Kähler manifold all higher products are homotopic to zero. The main idea is that an A∞-structure on D (X) gives rise to a canonical formal deformation of every coherent sheaf on X. For sheaves with unobstructed deformations the obtained families are universal. In general we conjecture that they are miniversal. A homotopy between A∞-structures leads to formal changes of variables in the corresponding formal coordinate systems on the moduli spaces. Thus, a choice of an A∞-structure can be considered as an algebraic analogue of choosing hermitian metrics on all vector bundles, so that the above construction is an algebraic analogue of the Kuranishi construction (see [9] for more on this analogy). On the other hand, using the A∞-structure one can control the variation of cohomology spaces in the above formal universal families. The crucial notion that helps to organize these deformed spaces is that of an A∞-functor. Namely, we show that for every object of an A∞-category there is a canonical deformation of the
Evidence for the role of the dopamine D3 receptor in mediating methamphetamine addiction

Methamphetamine is a potent psychomotor stimulant and a major drug of abuse. There is currently no effective medication available for treatment for methamphetamine addiction. The present study investigated the role of the dopamine D3 receptor on IV methamphetamine self-administration and its effect on methamphetamine induced neurochemical changes. Acute administration of the putative D3 receptor antagonists PG01037 (10, 30 mg/kg, ip) and SB-277011A (12, 24, mg/kg, ip) significantly decreased the break-point for methamphetamine self-administration under a progressive-ratio (PR) schedule by 45 70%. Furthermore, both drugs dose dependently attenuated methamphetamine -triggered reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior in the reinstatement model of relapse. As with other drugs of abuse, the rewarding effects of methamphetamine are believed to be mediated by elevated levels of extracellular dopamine in the mesocorticolimbic system. The present study utilized in vivo microdialysis to examine the neurochemical mechanisms modulating the rewarding effects of methamphetamine actions evident in the various animal models of addiction. In the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum, acute methamphetamine (1.0 mg/kg, i.p.,) increased extracellular dopamine by 800 900% and decreased GABA by 60 – 65 % in the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum. Pretreatment with SB-277011A (12, 24 mg/kg) potentiated the methamphetamine induced dopamine increase but attenuated the methamphetamine-induced GABA decrease. Take together these data suggest that D3 selective antagonists’ pharmacotherapeutic potential in the treatment of methamphetamine addiction may involve a GABAergic mechanism. EVIDENCE FOR THE ROLE OF THE DOPAMINE D3 RECEPTOR IN MEDIATING METHAMPHETAMINE ADDICTION by
Mobile-Agent-Based Information-Driven Multiresolution Algorithm for target tracking in Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, mobile-agent-based information-driven multiresolution algorithm (MAIDM) is presented for target tracking in wireless sensor networks (WSN), in order to provide better accuracy and degree of fault tolerance while meeting the energy requirement. In a clustered-based wireless sensor networks, mobile agent is used to process data of nodes with multiresolution algorithm according to information contribution of different nodes , and the size of mobile agent is determined by the maximum value of the information contribution along the path of mobile agent. A balance has to be struck between the energy efficiency object and fault tolerance/accuracy object. Simulation results show that MAIDM performs better than IDSQ from perspectives of fault tolerance and accuracy, MAIDM's energy-efficient performance is better than MA-CSIP.
Research on medical images segmentation algorithm

A segmentation algorithm in 3d medical data is proposed based on boundary model and local character structure in this paper. We found out inner voexls and outer voexls by pre-appointed voxel based on boundary model. And then, boundary voexls are correctly classified into different tissues by their eigenvalues of Hessian matrix based on the local character structure. Only eigenvalues of the boundary voxels are computed, so little time is used compared with other algorithms based on local character structure. It can quickly and effectively realize the segmentation of single tissue.