Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Specificity of prefrontal dysfunction and context processing deficits to schizophrenia in never-medicated patients with first-episode psychosis.

OBJECTIVE Context processing is a cognitive construct associated with activity in the middle frontal gyrus. Schizophrenia-related deficits in context processing tasks have been associated with prefrontal cortical dysfunction. This study evaluated whether prefrontal cortical dysfunction related to context processing occurred in first-episode, never-medicated schizophrenia patients, whether this dysfunction also occurred in patients with nonschizophrenia psychosis, and whether this dysfunction was related to psychotic symptom expression. METHOD A modified version of the AX continuous performance task was conducted during event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging in 18 never-medicated, first-episode schizophrenia patients, 12 never-medicated patients with first-episode nonschizophrenia psychosis, and 28 comparison participants without psychiatric disorder. RESULTS In-scanner measures of errors and interference reaction time showed that the schizophrenia patients had a specific deficit in context processing. Trials with greater context processing demands corresponded to activity in the middle frontal gyrus (Brodmann's area 9) in the comparison subjects and in the patients with nonschizophrenia psychosis, but not in the schizophrenia patients. Individual differences in prefrontal cortical dysfunction were associated with context processing measures and disorganization symptoms. The schizophrenia patients also showed increased activity in the anterior (Brodmann's area 10) and inferior prefrontal cortices (Brodmann's area 45/46) when they were maintaining context over a delay. CONCLUSIONS Prefrontal dysfunctions related to context processing were found only in schizophrenia patients early in the course of the illness, and these dysfunctions were related to disorganization symptoms. Instead of using context processing during a continuous performance task, schizophrenia patients may use an inefficient encoding and retrieval strategy.
Anxiety, depression and stress in pregnancy: implications for mothers, children, research, and practice

Purpose of review To briefly review results of the latest research on the contributions of depression, anxiety, and stress exposures in pregnancy to adverse maternal and child outcomes, and to direct attention to new findings on pregnancy anxiety, a potent maternal risk factor. Recent findings Anxiety, depression, and stress in pregnancy are risk factors for adverse outcomes for mothers and children. Anxiety in pregnancy is associated with shorter gestation and has adverse implications for fetal neurodevelopment and child outcomes. Anxiety about a particular pregnancy is especially potent. Chronic strain, exposure to racism, and depressive symptoms in mothers during pregnancy are associated with lower birth weight infants with consequences for infant development. These distinguishable risk factors and related pathways to distinct birth outcomes merit further investigation. Summary This body of evidence, and the developing consensus regarding biological and behavioral mechanisms, sets the stage for a next era of psychiatric and collaborative interdisciplinary research on pregnancy to reduce the burden of maternal stress, depression, and anxiety in the perinatal period. It is critical to identify the signs, symptoms, and diagnostic thresholds that warrant prenatal intervention and to develop efficient, effective and ecologically valid screening and intervention strategies to be used widely.
Automatically Evaluating Answers to Definition Questions

Following recent developments in the automatic evaluation of machine translation and document summarization, we present a similar approach, implemented in a measure called Pourpre, for automatically evaluating answers to definition questions. Until now, the only way to assess the correctness of answers to such questions involves manual determination of whether an information nugget appears in a system's response. The lack of automatic methods for scoring system output is an impediment to progress in the field, which we address with this work. Experiments with the TREC 2003 and TREC 2004 QA tracks indicate that rankings produced by our metric correlate highly with official rankings, and that Pourpre outperforms direct application of existing metrics.
SERVER CONGESTION CONTROL AND REDUCTION OF SERVER POWER CONSUMPTION WITH DPI TECHNOLOGY

Deep packet inspection (DPI) technology has conventionally been introduced for traffic monitoring, bandwidth control, access control of specific types of traffic, etc. As a new potential application of DPI technology, this paper proposes three promising approaches of network and server control with DPI technology, and presents implementation examples of two approaches. These approaches could simplify dramatically the conventional work load for system management and reduction of power consumption by servers and accelerate the control action. First, this paper proposes an example of server congestion control method, in which the DPI equipment estimates the CPU usage of each server by constantly monitoring the number of TCP live connections established by each server, and moves some of virtual machines on the congested server to other servers through remote control timely. Next, this paper proposes an example of reducing power consumption by servers, in which the DPI equipment constantly monitors the traffic sent or received in each area with multiple servers. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed approaches is demonstrated by an evaluation system with a real DPI equipment.
Genomic Insights into Methanotrophy: The Complete Genome Sequence of Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath)

Methanotrophs are ubiquitous bacteria that can use the greenhouse gas methane as a sole carbon and energy source for growth, thus playing major roles in global carbon cycles, and in particular, substantially reducing emissions of biologically generated methane to the atmosphere. Despite their importance, and in contrast to organisms that play roles in other major parts of the carbon cycle such as photosynthesis, no genome-level studies have been published on the biology of methanotrophs. We report the first complete genome sequence to our knowledge from an obligate methanotroph, Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath), obtained by the shotgun sequencing approach. Analysis revealed a 3.3-Mb genome highly specialized for a methanotrophic lifestyle, including redundant pathways predicted to be involved in methanotrophy and duplicated genes for essential enzymes such as the methane monooxygenases. We used phylogenomic analysis, gene order information, and comparative analysis with the partially sequenced methylotroph Methylobacterium extorquens to detect genes of unknown function likely to be involved in methanotrophy and methylotrophy. Genome analysis suggests the ability of M. capsulatus to scavenge copper (including a previously unreported nonribosomal peptide synthetase) and to use copper in regulation of methanotrophy, but the exact regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. One of the most surprising outcomes of the project is evidence suggesting the existence of previously unsuspected metabolic flexibility in M. capsulatus, including an ability to grow on sugars, oxidize chemolithotrophic hydrogen and sulfur, and live under reduced oxygen tension, all of which have implications for methanotroph ecology. The availability of the complete genome of M. capsulatus (Bath) deepens our understanding of methanotroph biology and its relationship to global carbon cycles. We have gained evidence for greater metabolic flexibility than was previously known, and for genetic components that may have biotechnological potential.
Therapist-centred design of NUI based therapies in a neurological care hospital

Through a participatory design (PD) process with therapists at a neurological chronic care hospital that has no ICT based workflow processes we identified three main components where NUI technology can be deployed for physical therapy: patient stimulation, on-demand patient therapy tool control, and data logging and visualization. Based on our study, we created a scenario that encompasses these components for a specific physical therapy activity targeting head and torso movement for children suffering neurological disorders. The scenario includes a Kinect, large screen and mobile pervasive technologies controlling a game-like activity including data logging and visualization in a shared social intranet. Hospital staff liked the game-activity and logging, but expressed concerns about parallel use of technology. They also wanted to expand the use of the NUI technology in the therapy room leading to new scenarios that we are pursuing. We are using our participatory design process with therapists that are not tainted by the use of graphical user interfaces (GUIs) to establish scenarios where NUI designs can provide access to ICT tools to help us develop better NUI design principles.
Congenital anomalies in Rio Grande do Sul State: a time series analysis.

INTRODUCTION In Rio Grande do Sul Sate (Brazil), the incidence of congenital anomalies ranges from 10 to 15/1,000 live births. Identifying risk factors can change congenital anomalies frequency and neonatal mortality. This paper intends to analyze temporal variation of congenital anomalies in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, from 2005 to 2014, and to identify the factors associated with its occurrence. METHOD This is a descriptive, time series study based on secondary data on congenital anomalies and sociodemographic and health variables of mothers and newborns living in Rio Grande do Sul, from 2005 to 2014. RESULTS In the period surveyed, there were 1,386,803 births of mothers living in Rio Grande do Sul, and the cases diagnosed with congenital anomalies corresponded to a general average rate of 9.2 per thousand cases, with a greater rate in the group of mothers of newborns whose Apgar score was lower than seven; who had a weight equal to or lower than 1,500 grams; with a gestational age equal to or lower than 31 weeks and living in the metropolitan region. The most frequent types of congenital anomalies were those located in the musculoskeletal system, the nervous system and the circulatory system. CONCLUSION These data warn us about the change in the epidemiological profile of mothers of children with congenital anomalies, thereby indicating the groups at greatest risk.
Unidirectional complementation between glycoprotein B homologues of pseudorabies virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 is determined by the carboxy-terminal part of the molecule.

The most highly conserved glycoproteins in herpesviruses, homologues of glycoprotein B (gB) of herpes simplex virus, have been shown to play essential roles in membrane fusion during penetration and direct cell-to-cell spread of herpes virions. In studies aimed at assessing whether sequence conservation is reflected in the conservation of functional properties, we previously showed that bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) gB was able to functionally complement a gB- PrV mutant. To analyse in detail the function of gB in BHV-1, and to be able to test for reciprocal complementation between pseudorabies virus (PrV) and BHV-1 gB, we isolated a gB- BHV-1 mutant on a cell line stably expressing BHV-1 gB. Functional analysis showed that BHV-1 gB was essential for penetration as well as for direct cell-to-cell spread of BHV-1, indicating similar functions for PrV and BHV-1 gB. However, PrV gB was unable to complement plaque formation, i.e. direct cell-to-cell spread, or penetration of gB-BHV-1 virions despite its incorporation into the virion envelope. Analysis of cell lines expressing chimeric gB molecules composed of PrV and BHV-1 gB showed that plaque formation of both gB- mutants was complemented when the carboxy-terminal half of the chimeric gB was derived from BHV-1 gB and the amino-terminal half from PrV gB. In the opposite case, unidirectional complementation occurred. Although the chimeric molecules were generally less efficient in complementing infectivity of free virions, a similar complementation pattern was observed. In summary, our data show a unidirectional pattern of transcomplementation between the gB glycoproteins of PrV and BHV-1. This indicates that these proteins are functionally related but not identical. The unidirectional transcomplementation pattern was determined by the provenance of the carboxy-terminal half in chimeric gB proteins indicating that regions which are important for gB function but differ between PrV and BHV-1 reside in this part of gB.
Vers une nouvelle typologie de l'enracinement des dirigeants

Dans nombre de travaux, la theorie de l’enracinement parait representer l’illustration de l’inefficacite des mecanismes de controle que les dirigeants sont supposes subir au sein des firmes. Les deboires financiers, endures par certaines entreprises telles que France Telecom, Vivendi Universal et plus recemment Eurotunnel, temoignent de l’ampleur de cette inefficacite et de l’utilite de debattre des principes du gouvernement d’entreprise. Charreaux (1996) enonce que le systeme de gouvernement des entreprises « . recouvre l’ensemble des mecanismes organisationnels qui ont pour effet de delimiter les pouvoirs et d’influencer les decisions des dirigeants, autrement dit qui gouvernent leur conduite et definissent leur espace discretionnaire ». Les rapports VIENOT 1 et 2 et le rapport BOUTON se sont proposes de presenter des recommandations visant a mettre en place un systeme de gouvernance des entreprises ou l’ethique morale des acteurs, la confiance, la transparence et le respect des interets des parties prenantes en general ne sont pas antinomiques. La theorie de l’enracinement qui s’inscrit dans le cadre du gouvernement des entreprises, suppose que les mecanismes de controle ne sont pas toujours suffisants pour contraindre des equipes manageriales a gerer la firme conformement a l’interet des actionnaires (Alexandre et Paquerot, 2000). Prenant acte de l’inefficacite des mecanismes de controle internes et externes des dirigeants, des sources d’inefficience et des strategies possibles d’enracinement des dirigeants, nous exposons dans le cadre de la premiere partie de cette communication une revue de la litterature de ces mecanismes de controle et des modalites possibles d’enracinement des dirigeants. Cette communication se propose d’examiner dans le cadre d’une deuxieme partie les variables explicatives de l’enracinement des dirigeants. Au regard de certaines typologies d’enracinement des dirigeants [Charreaux, 1996 ; Gomez, 1996; Pochet, 1998 ], l’enracinement parait apprecie en fonction de la duree de vie des dirigeants, de la performance de l’entreprise, du depassement de l’âge de retraite. ; l’enracinement etant base sur un opportunisme presume generalement contraire aux interets des actionnaires. Des lors notre communication integre une nouvelle typologie de l’enracinement adoptant une vision elargie des comportements possibles des dirigeants.
Journal of Immune Based Therapies and Vaccines Cpg Increases Vaccine Antigen-specific Cell-mediated Immunity When Administered with Hepatitis B Vaccine in Hiv Infection

Background: Lack of adequate adjuvancy is a possible explanation for lack of vaccine immunogenecity. Immunostimulatory CpGs are potent vaccine adjuvants and may be an important component of the development vaccines, particularly those for which a cellular immune response is required for protection. We have previously demonstrated that CpG ODN co-administration with hepatitis B vaccine results in earlier, stronger and more sustained antibody responses to hepatitis B surface antigen in HIV infected individuals, and wished to determine if, in this population, helper T-cell responses were also enhanced.
Semantic Search : A Brief Survey

The success of the web depends on the amount of information it provides to the user. The Semantic web is the extension of the World Wide Web that facilitates users to share content beyond the limitations of applications and websites. This paper proposes a survey on semantic search to support the researchers and designers in understanding the advances in search technology with that of classical web search. It also provides some technologies, features and evaluation related to the semantic search.
Medium-high correlated Weibull-distributed clutter reduction by neural networks in coherent radar systems

This paper presents a clutter reduction system when medium-high correlated Weibull-distributed clutter governs the environment of a coherent radar system. This proposal is based on the capabilities of learning of some artificial intelligence techniques, such as the neural networks. This capability of learning of the neural networks is used to learn some statistical characteristics of the radar environment. The results obtained with this proposal show how the desired signals (targets) are emphasized with respect to the environmental interference (clutter), which is reduced. Moreover, several advantages are found if it is compared with other classical approaches to reduce the clutter level, such as Target Sequence Known A Priori techniques.
A Robust Conditional Realized Extended 4-CAPM

In this paper we present and extend the approach of Bollerslev and Zhang (2003) for "realized" measures and co-measures of risk in some classical asset pricing models, such as the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) of Sharpe (1964) and the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) model by Ross (1976). These extensions include higher-moments asset pricing models (see Jurczenko and Maillet, 2006), conditional asset pricing models (see Bollerslev et al., 1988, and Jondeau and Rockinger, 2004). Estimations are conducted using several methodologies aiming to neutralize data measurement and model misspecification errors (see Ledoit and Wolf, 2003 and 2004), properly dealing with inter-relations between financial assets in term of returns (see Zellner, 1962), but also in terms of higher conditional moments (see Bollerslev, 1988).
Validity of self reported occupational exposures to hand transmitted and whole body vibration

OBJECTIVES To assess the accuracy with which workers report their exposure to occupational sources of hand transmitted (HTV) and whole body vibration (WBV). METHODS 179 Workers from various jobs involving exposure to HTV or WBV completed a self administered questionnaire about sources of occupational exposure to vibration in the past week. They were then observed at work over 1 hour, after which they completed a second questionnaire concerning their exposures during this observation period. The feasibility of reported sources of exposure during the past week was examined by questioning managers and by inspection of tools and machines in the workplace. The accuracy of reported sources and durations of exposure in the 1 hour period were assessed relative to what had been observed. RESULTS The feasibility of exposure in the previous week was confirmed for 97% of subjects who reported exposure to HTV, and for 93% of subjects who reported exposure to WBV. The individual sources of exposure reported were generally plausible, but occupational use of cars was substantially overreported, possibly because of confusion with their use in travel to and from work. The accuracy of exposures reported during the observation period was generally high, but some sources of HTV were confused—for example, nailing and stapling guns reported as riveting hammers, and hammer drills not distinguished from other sorts of drill. Workers overestimated their duration of exposure to HTV by a median factor of 2.5 (interquartile range (IQR) 1.6–5.9), but estimated durations of exposure were more accurate when the exposure was relatively continuous rather than for intermittent short periods. Reported durations of exposure to WBV were generally accurate (median ratio of reported to observed time 1.1, IQR 1.0–1.2). CONCLUSIONS Sources of recent occupational exposure to vibration seem to be reported with reasonable accuracy, but durations of exposure to HTV are systematically overestimated, particularly when the exposure is intermittent and for short periods. This raises the possibility that dose-response relations may have been biased in some of the studies on which exposure standards might be based, and that the levels in currently proposed standards may be too high. Future studies should pay attention to this source of error during data collection.
The Role of Learning Progressions in Standards-Based Education Reform

The Role of Learning Progressions in Standards-Based Education Reform written by Frederic A. Mosher, summarizes findings from two reports examining the concepts of learning progressions and learning trajectories as they are being applied in science and mathematics education. This policy brief reviews conclusions from the two extensive reports and discusses the implications of their findings for policy and for future research and development. Disciplines Education Policy | Science and Mathematics Education Comments View on the CPRE website. This policy brief is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/cpre_policybriefs/40 Consortium for Policy Research in Education University of Pennsylvania Teachers College Columbia University
Bioavailability and Metabolism of Mometasone Furoate following Administration by Metered‐Dose and Dry‐Powder Inhalers in Healthy Human Volunteers

These studies were conducted to assess the systemic bioavailability of mometasone furoate (MF) administered by both the dry‐powder inhaler (DPI) and the metered‐dose inhaler with an alternate propellant (MDI‐AP). The pharmacokinetics of single doses (400 μg) of MF administered by intravenous (IV) and inhalation routes was assessed in a randomized, three‐way crossover study involving 24 healthy volunteers. In a separate study, 6 healthy subjects were administered a single dose of tritiated (3H‐) MF by DPI, and the radioactivity in blood, urine, feces, and expired air was determined. Following IV administration, MF was detected in all subjects for at least 8 hours postdose. The half‐life (t1/2) following IV administration was 4.5 hours. In contrast, following DPI administration, plasma MF concentrations were below the limit of quantification (LOQ, 50 pg/mL) for many subjects (10 of 24), and the systemic bioavailability by this route was estimated to be less than 1%. Only two plasma samples following MDI‐AP administration had plasma concentrations of MF above the LOQ, indicating no detectable systemic bioavailability in 92% of the subjects. A separate study with 6 healthy male subjects administered a single dose of3H‐MF (200 μCi) by DPI revealed that much of the dose (∼ 41%) was excreted unchanged in the feces (0–72 hours), while that which was absorbed was extensively metabolized. These results indicate that inhaled MF has negligible systemic bioavailability and is extensively metabolized and should therefore be well tolerated in the chronic treatment of asthma.
O-atom-transfer oxidation of [molybdenum(IV) oxo{3,6-(acylamino)2- 1,2-benzenedithiolato}2]2- promoted by intramolecular NH...S hydrogen bonds.

Novel molybdenum dithiolene compounds having neighboring amide groups as models for molybdoenzymes, (NEt(4))(2)[Mo(IV)O{1,2-S(2)-3,6-(RCONH)(2)C(6)H(2)}(2)] (R = CH(3), CF(3), t-Bu, Ph(3)C), were designed and synthesized. The contributions of the NH.S hydrogen bond to the electrochemical properties of the metal ion and the reactivity of the O-atom-transfer reaction were investigated by a comparison with [Mo(IV)O(1,2-S(2)C(6)H(4))(2)](2)(-). The MoOS(4) core of [Mo(IV)O{1,2-S(2)-3,6-(CH(3)CONH)(2)C(6)H(2)}(2)](2)(-) shows no significant geometrical difference from that of [Mo(IV)O(1,2-S(2)C(6)H(4))(2)](2)(-) in the crystal. The hydrogen bonds positively shifted the Mo(IV/V) redox potential and accelerated the reduction of Me(3)NO.