Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cenozoic compressional structures on the NE Atlantic margin; nature, origin and potential significance for hydrocarbon exploration

Compressional structures of Cenozoic age are ubiquitous features of the NE Atlantic margin between the western Barents Sea and offshore western Ireland. The structural suite includes simple domes or anticlines, reverse faults and broad-scale inversions. Our analysis focuses on a recently delineated group of structures in the Norwegian Sea, although these are placed in the context of similar features on the Barents margin, West of Shetlands, on the Faroes and their surrounding shelf, and in the Rockall Trough. Some (although not all) of the compressional anticlines were formed at the sites of pre-existing Cretaceous-Palaeocene depocentres. They show a multi-phase growth history. In the Norwegian Sea, particularly important phases occurred in the middle Eocene to early Oligocene and in the Miocene. We interpret the formation of these structures as a natural outcome of the transition to sea-floor spreading that occurred in the early Eocene. From this time, extremely thick sedimentary successions that had accumulated during some 300 million years of extensional tectonics were subjected to mild compression. The overall compressive stress field can be explained in terms of spreading in the adjacent ocean (ridge push) and by the distant effects of Alpine tectonics. In a plate-wide sense these effects can be regarded as two sides of the same coin. The origin of the Norwegian Sea structures is most easily visualized in terms of ridge push. NW-SE transfer zones, characteristic of the entire margin, are strongly implicated in these tectonics. A kinematic model is described that links significant structuring with a change in the spreading direction of Oligocene-Miocene age (35-20 Ma, A13-6). The compressional structures are mainly observed by their effect on sediments and volcanics of Cretaceous and Cenozoic age. They are frequently expressed in the present-day sea-floor relief, and in the case of the Faroe islands are probably responsible for present subaerial exposure. From the point of view of hydrocarbon exploration, the Cenozoic compressive anticlines have obvious potential as fourway dip closures or as components of structural-stratigraphic traps. The NW-SE fractures, orientated parallel or sub-parallel to the maximum horizontal stress direction, were probably periodically open for fluid flow from the time of NE Atlantic opening and onwards. They may therefore have facilitated migration from deeper source rocks or remigration from pre-existing hydrocarbon accumulations.
NEW DATA ON THE SPIDERS OF THE FAMILY DICTYNIDAE (ARANEAE) FROM SIBERIA

DANILOV S.N. : New data on the spiders of the family Dictynidae (Araneae) from Siberia. In GAJDO P., PEKAR S. (eds): Proceedings of the 18th European Colloquium of Arachnology, Stara Lesna, 1999. Ekologia (Bratislava), Vol. 19, Supplement 3/2000, p. 37-44. Four species of dictynid spiders are described from South Siberia: Dictyna paramajor sp.nov. (Krasnoyarsk Prov.), Dictyna dunini sp.nov. (Buryatia), Dictyna dahurica sp.nov. (Chita Area), Dictyna shilenkovi sp.nov. (Irkutsk Area, Buryatia). The female of Emblyna mongolica MARUSIK ET KOPONEN, 1998 is described for the first time. New records are presented for Argenna prominula TULLGREN, 1948, Dictyna alaskae CHAMBERLIN ET IVIE, 1947, Dictyna schmidti sensu LETHINEN, 1967 and Dictyna ubsunurica MARUSIK ET KOPONEN, 1998. Emblyna logunovi MARUSIK ET KOPONEN, 1998 is synonymised with Emblyna wangi (SONG ET ZHOU, 1986) comb.nov. (ex. Dictyna).
Financial intermediary leverage and value-at-risk

We study a contracting model for the determination of leverage and balance sheet size for financial intermediaries that fund their activities through collateralized borrowing. The model gives rise to two features: First, leverage is procyclical in the sense that leverage is high when the balance sheet is large. Second, leverage and balance sheet size are both determined by the riskiness of assets. For U.S. investment banks, we find empirical support for both features of our model, that is, leverage is procyclical, and both leverage and balance sheet size are determined by measured risks. In a system context, increased risk reduces the debt capacity of the financial system as a whole, giving rise to amplified de-leveraging by institutions by way of the chain of repo transactions in the financial system.
Daily discharge estimation at ungauged river sites using remote sensing

A methodology is developed to estimate daily river discharge at an ungauged site using remote sensing data. Use is made of ERS‐2 and ENVISAT satellite altimetry to provide a time series of river channel stage levels and longitudinal channel slope and Landsat satellite imagery to provide a range of channel widths over a 50 km reach of river. The data are substituted into the Bjerklie et al. ( ) equation, which is based on the Manning's resistance equation and has been developed using a global database of channel hydraulic information and discharge measurements. Our methodology has been applied at three locations on the Mekong and Ob Rivers and validated against daily in situ discharge measurements. The results show Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency values of 0.90 at Nakhon Phanom and 0.86 at Vientiane on the Mekong, and 0.86 at Kalpashevo on the Ob. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimation of Weather Sensitive Load Power Based on Dual-Branch Neural Network

The proportion of weather sensitive load in the power system is increasing. Estimating weather sensitive load accurately can help in evaluating demand response capabilities and ensuring the safety and stability of the power system. Due to the difficulty in obtaining accurate weather sensitive load measurements, this paper proposes a method for estimating weatherly sensitive load using a dual-branch neural network model. The two branches are the baseline load estimation branch and the weatherly sensitive load estimation branch which can process the independent features respectively and output the estimated baseline load and weather sensitive load simultaneously. The weather sensitive load branch applies the convolutional long short-term memory(convLSTM) network to process the accumulative effect of temperature and the temperature-humidity effect. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by comparing other methods for estimating weather sensitive load in a real case.
Determination of Critical Supersaturation from Microdroplet Evaporation Experiments

In this work, we identified a single critical supersaturation, the level of supersaturation above which nucleation will occur instantaneously, for each of a range of compounds: the amino acids glycine and l-histidine, the pharmaceutical paracetamol, the inorganic compound silicotungstic acid (STA), and the protein hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL). Using an evaporation-based microdroplet crystallization platform, we measured the time required to visually detect the first crystal. Crystals were observed to form at increasingly higher levels of supersaturation as the rate of evaporation was increased or as the initial solute concentration was reduced. Through extrapolation of all data of each compound to a nucleation time of zero, we identified a single point of high concentration, the critical supersaturation, which we found to be independent of the rate of solvent evaporation. Using the classical nucleation theory and thermodynamics, we correlated this critical supersaturation with surface tension between th.
Associations between physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and alcohol consumption among UK adults: Findings from the Health Behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic (HEBECO) study

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic and attendant lockdowns have had a substantial negative effect on alcohol consumption and physical activity globally. Pre-pandemic evidence in the adult population suggests that higher levels of physical activity were associated with higher levels of drinking, but it is unclear how the pandemic may have affected this. Therefore, this study aims to assess the association between alcohol consumption and physical activity in a UK cohort established during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Analyses utilized data from the Health Behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic (HEBECO) study involving 2,057 UK adults (≥18 years). Participants completed self-report measures of alcohol consumption [frequency, quantity, frequency of heavy episodic drinking (HED) and AUDIT-C score] and physical activity [moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), frequency of muscle strengthening activity (MSA) and sedentary behaviour] between November 2020 and January 2021. Ordinal logistic regression models were conducted, adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Results Fifteen percent of the sample reported abstinence from drinking. Overall, 23.4% of participants drank ≥4 times/week, 13.9% drank more than 6 units/single drinking occasion (HED), 7.5% reported HED daily/almost daily and 4.2% scored ≥11 on AUDIT-C. MSA 3 days/week compared with no MSA was significantly associated with higher odds of alcohol frequency [OR (95 CI%) = 1.41 (1.04–1.91)], quantity [OR (95 CI%) = 1.38 (1.02–1.87)], HED [OR (95 CI%) = 1.42 (1.05–1.94)] and possible dependence [OR (95 CI%) = 1.47 (1.05–2.06)]. The association of MVPA and sedentary behaviour with drinking measures was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion In contrast with previous research, MSA rather than aerobic physical activity was associated with increased alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is conceivable that during lockdown while drinking was used as a coping strategy, limited opportunities for aerobic exercise made MSA a more convenient form of physical activity. To guide public health interventions, more research is required to examine the temporal relationship between different forms of physical activity and alcohol consumption.
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Galeruca daurica Reveals Cold Tolerance Mechanisms

Galeruca daurica (Joannis) is a pest species with serious outbreaks in the Inner Mongolian grasslands in recent years, and its larvae and eggs are extremely cold-tolerant. To gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of its cold-tolerant stress response, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly of G. daurica via RNA-Seq and compared the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of first- and second-instar larvae grown and developed indoors and outdoors, respectively. The results show that cold tolerance in G. daurica is associated with changes in gene expression mainly involved in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway and the production of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Compared with the control group (indoor), the genes associated with gluconeogenesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and HSP production were up-regulated in the larvae grown and developed outdoors. While the changes in these genes were related to the physiological metabolism and growth of insects, it was hypothesized that the proteins encoded by these genes play an important role in cold tolerance in insects. In addition, we also investigated the expression of genes related to the metabolic pathway of HSPs, and the results show that the HSP-related genes were significantly up-regulated in the larvae of G. daurica grown and developed outdoors compared with the indoor control group. Finally, we chose to induce significant expression differences in the Hsp70 gene (Hsp70A1, Hsp70-2 and Hsp70-3) via RNAi to further illustrate the role of heat stress proteins in cold tolerance on G. daurica larvae. The results show that separate and mixed injections of dsHSP70A1, dsHsp70-2 and dsHsp70-3 significantly reduced expression levels of the target genes in G. daurica larvae. The super-cooling point (SCP) and the body fluid freezing point (FP) of the test larvae were determined after RNAi using the thermocouple method, and it was found that silencing the Hsp70 genes significantly increased the SCP and FP of G. daurica larvae, which validated the role of heat shock proteins in the cold resistance of G. daurica larvae. Our findings provide an important theoretical basis for further excavating the key genes and proteins in response to extremely cold environments and analyzing the molecular mechanism of cold adaptation in insects in harsh environments.
Modeling of Thermal Processes in Human Skin Layers When Measuring a Heat Flux Density

The method of modeling the temperature distribution and heat flux density distribution in the system “heat flux density sensor - human skin” is presented. For modeling thermal processes in this system the three-layers model of a human skin is used. In the system under consideration the domain of modeling is marked out which is replaced with the equivalent structure consisting of ten regions. The temperature distribution in each region is determined for Neumann boundary conditions by solving a heat differential equation with using eigenfunctions method. Heat flux densities on regions boundaries are the sums of orthogonal functions with unknown weighting coefficients the values of which are determined by means of solving a system of linear equations obtained from origin boundary conditions. These boundary conditions take into account the convective heat exchange with environment and temperature of a core tissue. The present method was used to determine the temperature distribution in the structure under consideration as well as the heat flux densities on the free skin area and the skin area with the sensor.
Impacts of climate change on the hydrologic response of headwater basins in Colorado

The headwater basins of Colorado are heavily relied upon for freshwater resources on an annual basis. However, knowledge concerning both generation of such resources, and implications of climate change on their availability in the future, is lacking. Thus, this research has been undertaken to develop, calibrate, and test a comprehensive process-based model in four mountainous watersheds of Colorado, and investigate the potential impacts of changing climate on hydrologic response in these basins. Specifically, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was utilized to develop watershed-specific hydrology models with high-resolution spatial data for the Cache la Poudre, Gunnison, San Juan and Yampa River basins. Fully calibrated and tested models were driven by a suite of 112 climate projections, downscaled both spatially and temporally, and were run on a daily time-step for a period of 90 years from 2010 - 2099. Results of simulations of future climate indicate inconsistent streamflow responses across climate projections in a given basin and across basins. However, results did show greater consistency in the Yampa River basin, where 71 out of 112 future projections resulted in statistically significant (α < 0.1) positive trends in average annual streamflow. Furthermore, all study basins exhibited a decreasing ratio of precipitation to potential evapotranspiration for emissions scenario ensemble averages, which suggests Colorado basins will become more arid over the 21st century. Implications of this study are considerable, as management of water resources, both within the state and across the West, will be affected by freshwater availability in headwater basins of Colorado in the future.
Oregano essential oil modulates colonic homeostasis and intestinal barrier function in fattening bulls

Oregano essential oil (OEO) primarily contains phenolic compounds and can serve as a dietary supplement for fattening bulls. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains largely elusive. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of adding OEO to diet on the integrity of the intestinal barrier, composition of the colonic microbiome, and production of microbial metabolites in fattening bulls. Our goal was to provide insights into the utilization of plant essential oil products in promoting gastrointestinal health and welfare in animals. We employed amplicon sequencing and metabolome sequencing techniques to investigate how dietary supplementation with OEO impacted the intestinal barrier function in bulls. The inclusion of OEO in the diet resulted in several notable effects on the colon of fattening bulls. These effects included an increase in the muscle thickness of the colon, goblet cell number, short-chain fatty acid concentrations, digestive enzyme activity, relative mRNA expression of intestinal barrier-related genes, and relative expression of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. Additionally, α-amylase activity and the relative mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines decreased. Moreover, dietary OEO supplementation increased the abundance of intestinal Bacteroides, Coprobacillus, Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001, and Faecalitalea. Metabolomic analysis indicated that OEO primarily increased the levels of 5-aminovaleric acid, 3-methoxysalicylic acid, and creatinine. In contrast, the levels of maltose, lactulose, lactose, and D-trehalose decreased. Correlation analysis showed that altered colonic microbes and metabolites affected intestinal barrier function. Taken together, these results demonstrate that OEO facilitates internal intestinal environmental homeostasis by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria while inhibiting harmful ones.
Wearable Universal Long-Range Hand-Gestured UAV Radio Control

Hand gesture control represents an alternative means of human-computer interaction. The focus of this research lies in an interactive medium, which takes the form of a hand controller specifically engineered to steer an unmanned aerial vehicle. This controller boasts remote and versatile capabilities, enhancing the overall experience of UAV flight control. The controller utilizes an Arduino microcontroller, a BNO055 IMU sensor for orientation, and a potentiometer for throttle control. The program implements a finite automaton (FA) for state-based control and communicates with the ExpressLRS receiver using the CRSF protocol. The experimental findings from the developed radio control device demonstrated no significant delay. The latency of the device is only 40ms. The system exhibited responsiveness within a 216 m range despite encountering various obstacles and interference during the tests. It utilized ExpressLRS with a power consumption of 25 mW.
Modelling vegetation structure-based bird habitat resources in Australian temperate woodlands, using multi-sensors

Abstract The Great Western Woodlands in S.W. Australia is the largest remaining expanse of temperate woodland on the continent and globally, providing habitat for a significance number of bird species. Conservation planning needs information about bird distributions and habitat resource requirements. Using published information, bird habitat functional groups were identified based upon species that use similar vegetation-based resources. Data from four satellite-borne sensors were analysed to model the distribution of a subset of the key vegetation variables. These results were then used to predict the potential distribution of the functional groups. Field validation suggests ongoing advances in satellite data will enhance the model's accuracy.
Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Five Clinical Questionnaires for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains one of the most prevalent pathologies in the world and is among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, partially due to underdiagnosis. The use of clinical questionnaires to identify high-risk individuals to take them to further diagnostic procedures has emerged as a strategy to address this problem. Objective To compare the performance of the COULD IT BE COPD, CDQ, COPD-PS, LFQ, and PUMA questionnaires for COPD diagnosis. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on subjects who underwent spirometry in the third-level center. Data were collected between January 2015 and March 2020. Bivariate analysis was performed between the study variables and the presence of COPD. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC-ROC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (LR+), and negative likelihood ratio (LR−) for each questionnaire were calculated. The AUC-ROCs were compared with the DeLong test, considering a p value <0.05 statistically significant. Results 681 subjects met the inclusion criteria and were taken to the final analysis. The prevalence of COPD was 27.5% (187/681). The mean age of the subjects was 65.9 years (SD ± 11.79); 46.3% (315/681) were female, and 83.6% (569/681) reported respiratory symptoms. Statistically significant relationship was found for COPD diagnosis with male sex, older age, respiratory symptoms, and exposure to wood smoke (p value <0.05). The AUC-ROCs of the questionnaires were between 0.581 and 0.681. The COULD IT BE COPD questionnaire had a lower discriminatory capacity AUC-ROC of 0.581, concerning the other scores (DeLong test, p = 0.0002). Conclusion The CDQ, COPD-PS, LFQ, PUMA, and COULD IT BE COPD questionnaires have acceptable performance for the diagnosis of COPD together with low sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, its use must be complemented with other diagnostic tests or techniques such as pulmonary function tests.
X-RAY POWDER DIFFRACTION DATA FOR THE TERNARY CHALCOGENIDES Fe2GeTe4, Mn2GeTe4 AND Mn2SnTe4

G. E. DELGADO, J. E. CONTRERAS, A. J. MORA, L. BETANCOURT, P. GRIMA-GALLARDO, M. QUINTERO Laboratorio de Cristalografia, Departamento de Quimica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Merida 5101, Venezuela. Laboratorio de Magnestismo en Solidos, Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Merida 5101, Venezuela. Centro de Estudios de Semiconductores, Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Merida 5101, Venezuela.
HIGH PROTEIN DIET INDUCED HEPATIC OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ITS AMELIORATION BY THE HERB, Emilia sonchifolia (L.)DC

Summary Diet should be consistent with balanced composition to maintain healthy life. Unbalanced diet can cause serious adverse effects to the mankind including oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of the medicinal herb, Emilia sonchifolia against the high protein diet induced oxidative stress. Twenty four male wistar rats randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 6 each) were taken. Group 1 (normal diet: standard pellets), Group II (high protein diet: 100% Raw Soya Flour), Group III (100% Raw Soya Flour with oral administration of 250 mg/kg b. wt. of nhexane extract of Emilia sonchifolia), Group IV- n-hexane extract of Emilia sonchifolia alone. (250 mg/kg b.wt). The animals were sacrificed after the experimental period of 1 month. Significant (p< 0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation and decrease in antioxidant enzymes were seen in GroupI rats. Treatment with n-hexane extract of Emilia sonchifolia (250 mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05) prevented the increase in lipid peroxidation whereas SOD, CAT, GPx, GST GSH and vitamin C were significantly (p< 0.05) increased in Group III animals. This was evident from the histopathological studies. Thus the findings suggest that Emilia sonchifolia is a potential therapeutic agent.
Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome sequence of Cecropia pachystachya

Abstract The complete chloroplast genome of Cecropia pachystachya Trécul was determined in this study. The total genome size was 153,925 bp in length, containing a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 25,443 bp, which were separated by large single copy (LSC) and small single copy (SSC) of 84,947 bp and 18,092 bp, respectively. The GC contents is 36.5%. A total of 112 unique genes were annotated, including 30 tRNA, four rRNA, and 78 protein-coding genes. This is the first report of a cp genome for the formerly recognised family Cecropiaceae, and it confirmed that Cecropia pachystachya belongs within Urticaceae.