Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Negative Feedback Loop of Wnt Signaling through Upregulation of Conductin/Axin2 in Colorectal and Liver Tumors

ABSTRACT Activation of Wnt signaling through β-catenin/TCF complexes is a key event in the development of various tumors, in particular colorectal and liver tumors. Wnt signaling is controlled by the negative regulator conductin/axin2/axil, which induces degradation of β-catenin by functional interaction with the tumor suppressor APC and the serine/threonine kinase GSK3β. Here we show that conductin is upregulated in human tumors that are induced by β-catenin/Wnt signaling, i.e., high levels of conductin protein and mRNA were found in colorectal and liver tumors but not in the corresponding normal tissues. In various other tumor types, conductin levels did not differ between tumor and normal tissue. Upregulation of conductin was also observed in the APC-deficient intestinal tumors of Min mice. Inhibition of Wnt signaling by a dominant-negative mutant of TCF downregulated conductin but not the related protein, axin, in DLD1 colorectal tumor cells. Conversely, activation of Wnt signaling by Wnt-1 or dishevelled increased conductin levels in MDA MB 231 and Neuro2A cells, respectively. In time course experiments, stabilization of β-catenin preceded the upregulation of conductin by Wnt-1. These results demonstrate that conductin is a target of the Wnt signaling pathway. Upregulation of conductin may constitute a negative feedback loop that controls Wnt signaling activity.
The Web generation of software inspection: a process with virtual meetings and on-line recording

Face-to-face meetings typically provide a natural way of negotiating and collecting opinions. The problem is that these meetings also cause resource problems, i.e. they waste time and are difficult to arrange. A shift to more flexible implementations of meetings is thus an understandable alternative. We could then remove barriers to the inclusion of inspections in the development process. The present paper outlines a solution to this problem and introduces a web generation of inspections, which utilises the collaborative aspects of the latest web technology, such as virtual (distributed) meetings and online recording. Web technology facilitates the collaborative aspects of inspection. This not only introduces flexibility into the inspection meetings, but also enables easy, manageable distribution of the artefacts for inspection, including the document to be inspected, checklists, or any other related documents. We introduce in particular the WiT (Web inspection Tool) tool, the main feature of which is the ability to inspect any HTML document.
Design aesthetics: principles of pleasure in design

In this paper I propose that only part of our experience of events, and products in particular, should be coined aesthetic. This part, the aesthetic experience, is restricted to the (dis)pleasure that results from sensory perception. The main part of the paper is devoted to explaining why we experience certain things as gratifying to our senses. Following thinking in evolutionary psychology, it is argued that we aesthetically prefer environmental patterns and features that are beneficial for the development of the senses’ functioning and our survival in general. Four general principles of aesthetic pleasure, operating across the senses, can be explained on the basis of such argumentation: (1) maximum effect for minimum means, (2) unity in variety, (3) most advanced, yet acceptable, and (4) optimal match.
Factors influencing on the Academic performance of students in business education

This study analyses the factors of students’ commitment and teaching context which influence on the academic performance of students. The study findings reveal that the students’ commitment, teaching context and students’ academic performance are in satisfactory level. Students’ commitment has positive moderate influence and teaching context have weak positive influence on the academic performance of students. The regression analysis shows that both students’ commitment and teaching context explain 21.4% of variation on the academic performance of students, while 78.6% of variation in the academic performance of students is unexplained by these both variables. These unexplained variations may be caused from personality, family background, prior knowledge, physical and psychological competencies, cognitive skills of students and learning habit etc. Therefore the teacher needs to improve present teaching context in alliance with personal factors of students in order to improve students’ learning in business education in a university.
Convex Calibration Dimension for Multiclass Loss Matrices

We study consistency properties of surrogate loss functions for general multiclass learning problems, defined by a general multiclass loss matrix. We extend the notion of classification calibration, which has been studied for binary and multiclass 0-1 classification problems (and for certain other specific learning problems), to the general multiclass setting, and derive necessary and sufficient conditions for a surrogate loss to be calibrated with respect to a loss matrix in this setting. We then introduce the notion of convex calibration dimension of a multiclass loss matrix, which measures the smallest 'size' of a prediction space in which it is possible to design a convex surrogate that is calibrated with respect to the loss matrix. We derive both upper and lower bounds on this quantity, and use these results to analyze various loss matrices. In particular, we apply our framework to study various subset ranking losses, and use the convex calibration dimension as a tool to show both the existence and non-existence of various types of convex calibrated surrogates for these losses. Our results strengthen recent results of Duchi et al. (2010) and Calauzenes et al. (2012) on the non-existence of certain types of convex calibrated surrogates in subset ranking. We anticipate the convex calibration dimension may prove to be a useful tool in the study and design of surrogate losses for general multiclass learning problems.
Face Recognition by Using 3D Discrete Cosine Transform

In this study, a new method is presented for face recognition by using DCT-faces that are calculated by the 3 dimensional discrete cosine transform (3D DCT). In this method, firstly, face images in the database are collected on top of each other and then 3D DCT is applied to this 3D structure. Then 2D Inverse DCT of each coefficient layer is calculated separately. After this operation, DCT-faces are found which are very similar to eigenfaces. By taking the inner product between DCT-faces and original face images, feature vectors are calculated to be used in face recognition. Experimental results show that, the face recognition ratio of DCT-faces is close to that of eigenface method. Moreover, the proposed method has a lower time complexity and lower memory complexity.
Waveform estimation using group delay processing

A method of signal waveform estimation from an ensemble of jittered noisy measurements is presented. The method uses group delay functions to perform the ensemble averaging and thus overcomes the difficulty of computing the unwrapped phase function before averaging. We propose a new technique, called group delay processing, to estimate the signal waveform if only a single noisy measurement is available. We demonstrate our group delay averaging and group delay processing techniques through illustrative examples.
Model oriented programming: Bridging the code-model divide

Model Driven Engineering proposes the use of models as the main development artifacts. This methodology involves generating code from models and then perhaps adding some details to the generated code. Frequently, it is required to also reverse-engineer code to generate models. Despite the wide acceptance of modeling benefits, the use of Model Driven Engineering practices remains limited. We present model oriented programming as a new paradigm to reduce the ever-present tension between model-centric and code-centric development styles. The core of this approach is to add UML abstractions such as associations and state machines directly into a high-level programming language code. In this approach, model diagrams become just another abstract view of the code. The need for reverse engineering is eliminated, since everything in the diagram is represented directly in the code. Model orientation is illustrated using Umple, a working model oriented programming platform. A functional layer of an airline reservation system is presented as a case study.
Seed growing for interactive image segmentation with geodesic voting

In this paper, we propose a novel seed growing framework for interactive image segmentation. We first formulate the seed dependency problem in interactive segmentation and overcome it by expanding the seed automatically. To expand the user-input seed, we generate the seed distance maps based on color distribution dissimilarity, locational prior, and geodesic distance. Using these seed distance maps, we expand the seed by classifying the image into a trimap with unanimous voting. We then extract the skeleton from the foreground and background regions. Experiments show that the proposed framework provides significant support for existing interactive segmentation techniques.
The contribution of graduates to the economy: rates of return

A 360 DEG panoramic television system in which a plurality of stationary angularly spaced single line scan cameras receive 360 DEG scene image inputs via a motor driven first optic system and pass amplified and processed video signals to a plurality of stationary, angularly spaced single line scan projectors which, via a motor driven second optic system, synchronized with said first optic system, provide a continuous 360 DEG image display of said scene on a suitable curved screen.
A Software Engineering Framework for Next-Generation Mobile Cloud Computing

— Recent development of mobile cloud computing [10] constructed a new service oriented framework that recruits mobile devices as service providers to build a sensing-based new application platform. In such a framework, each mobile device (usually an embedded device) is a service provider. First, an embedded device senses its surrounding information, such as wireless communication channel status, neighboring nodes information, environmental information,, personal information (e.g., medical and health information using bio sensors), etc. Second, the mobile cloud creates a dual computing model in that embedded devices can outsource its computing-intensive tasks to the cloud. Cloud computing is a common term for applications where remote processing and data storage are accessed via the Internet (such as Software as a Service [SaaS] and Platforms as a Service [PaaS]) has become a popular buzz word on many IT forums. MCC integrates cloud computing into the mobile environment and overcomes obstacles related to performance (e.g. battery life, storage, and bandwidth), environment (e.g. heterogeneity, scalability, availability) and security (e.g. reliability and privacy). This paper provides an overview of important software engineering framework related to the development of MCC applications that run on mobile devices and a software framework of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) for mobile cloud computing. Among the topics are development processes, tools, user interface design, application portability, quality, and security.
RACING THROUGH THE HALLS OF CONGRESS

Abstract Although there is an impressive body of research on the U.S. Congress, there has been limited discussion about the central role race plays in the organization of this political institution. While some scholars have documented Congress’ racist past, less is known about the present significance of race in the federal legislature. Throughout the day, African Americans routinely nod to one another in the halls of the Capitol, and consider the Black nod as a common cultural gesture. However, data from over sixty in-depth interviews suggest there is an additional layer of meaning to the Black nod in Congress. From the microlevel encounters, I observed and examined, I interpret the nod as more than a gesture that occurs in a matter of seconds between colleagues or even among perfect strangers in the halls of Congress. The Black nod encompasses and is shaped by labor organized along racial lines, a history of racial subordination, and powerful perceptions of race in the post-Civil-Rights era on the meso-, and macrolevels. Using this interpretive foundation, this article will show how the nod is an adaptive strategy of Black staffers that renders them visible in an environment where they feel socially invisible. The nod becomes an external expression of their racialized professional identity. I argue that the congressional workplace is a raced political institution and that the microlevel encounters I observed delineate and reproduce its racial boundaries. This article represents perhaps the first sociological study of Congress and provides an unprecedented view into its inner workings and the social dimensions that organize workplace relationships.
Comparative analysis of a 2-bit magnitude comparator using various high performance techniques

This brief summarizes the comparative analysis of a 2 bit Magnitude Comparator using different techniques. A comparator forms a fundamental element which is used in the complex arithmetic and logical circuitry that involves the comparison of n-bit numbers. Various high performance methods which are aimed at enhancing the performance statistics are simulated at 45nm technology using Tanner EDA Tool. The derived results are compiled in this brief. A novel approach derived from the comparative analysis, based on Hybrid PTL/CMOS logic style has shown best results and has been proposed towards the end.
Multi-path with probable performance for congestion control in DHT networks

In structured P2P networks, the skewness in query pattern and the greedy routing strategy could result in query congestion in some hot spots. Bearing both aforementioned factors in mind, we propose a congestion control mechanism named Multi-Path with Probable Performance (MPPP) in this paper. The basic idea behind MPPP mechanism is to disperse the routing load via multi-path to more nodes to exploit the free capacity and to ameliorate the degree of congestion in the network. We also provide a theoretical analysis to prove that the performance of MPPP is bounded with probability. Additionally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of MPPP mechanism.
A 1.2V 6.4GHz 181ps 64-bit CD domino adder with DLL measurement technique

A novel 64-bit hybrid radix-4 sparse-4 tree adder using clock-delayed (CD) footless domino logic is proposed. The adder operates at 6.4GHz with 181ps latency and it consumes 840mW at 1.2V in a standard 90nm CMOS technology. The adder latency is accurately measured by the programmable clock generated from delay-locked loop (DLL). Pseudo-exhaustive testing is applied so that all testable faults in this 64-bit adder are detected by just 23K patterns. This at-speed self testing technique is very useful for speed binning of high performance CPU.
Task-Based Multifrontal QR Solver for GPU-Accelerated Multicore Architectures

Recent studies have shown the potential of task-based programming paradigms for implementing robust, scalable sparse direct solvers for modern computing platforms. Yet, designing task flows that efficiently exploit heterogeneous architectures remains highly challenging. In this paper we first tackle the issue of data partitioning using a method suited for heterogeneous platforms. On the one hand, we design task of sufficiently large granularity to obtain a good acceleration factor on GPU. On the other hand, we limit that size in order to both fit the GPU memory constraints and generate enough parallelism in the task graph. Secondly we handle the task scheduling with a strategy capable of taking into account workload and architecture heterogeneity at a reduced cost. Finally we propose an original evaluation of the performance obtained in our solver on a test set of matrices. We show that the proposed approach allows for processing extremely large input problems on GPU-accelerated platforms and that the overall performance is competitive with equivalent state of the art solvers designed and optimized for GPU-only use.
Study of scattering parameters and gain of two longitudinal slots of same or different electrical lengths milled on either one or both face of broad wall of a waveguide for shunt slot array antenna

This paper presents a study of two longitudinal slots of same or different electrical lengths milled on either one or both face of a waveguide for shunt slot array antenna. Initially four different type of case structures of two elements shunt slot array are designed separately. Scattering parameters simulated data have been obtained for all different case structures of two element shunt slot array antenna. Afterwards gain total and radiation pattern of gain total are simulated for different cases of shunt slot array antenna in Ansoft High frequency Simulation Structure (HFSS) environment Ultimately found that different electrical lengths milled only one face of a waveguide for shunt slot array antenna provides high gain and high bandwidth for X-band application.
Dental Maturity in Saudi Children Using the Demirjian Method: A Comparative Study and New Prediction Models

A sample of 422 dental panoramic radiographs from individuals of known age (from 4 to 14 yrs), sex (males: 217, females: 205), and ethnicity (Saudi) was collected. A dental maturation score for each individual was calculated using the Demirjian method. Age was then estimated using the original Demirjian curves and tables based on French-Canadian population and population-specific curves and tables for Arab (Saudi and Kuwaiti) and European (Belgian) populations. The differences between dental age and chronological age were analyzed and compared using paired t-tests, one-way ANOVA test, and a post hoc Scheffé's test. The Demirjian method utilizing French-Canadian standards presented significant difference between dental age and chronological age for the total sample and in the vast majority of age groups in both sexes. The mean overestimation of age was about 10 months (P < 0.05). The tables designed specifically for Arab populations had a significantly lower error than the tables designed for French-Canadian and Belgian populations. The latter had the largest error in age predication. New age prediction models and maturation scores for Saudi population were developed based on the Demirjian method using multinomial functions.
The Effects of the Draft on U.S. Presidential Approval Ratings During the Vietnam War, 1954-1975

Abstract : A gap exists in understanding and modeling the Vietnam War era for lack of qualitative studies into the political effect of the military draft. Using presidential approval ratings as a proxy assessment of the country's well-being and political strength, this work seeks to fill the void by evaluating the effects of the Vietnam-era draft on presidential approval between 1954 and 1975. With a basis in rational theory, it uses Autoregressive Moving Average time series analysis, both univariate and multivariate, in a quasi-experimental design to detect significant changes. Further, it employs Granger Causality Testing to evaluate the degree and directionality of causation for those independent time series found to have a significant relationship with approval. The study finds both direct and indirect effects of the draft upon presidential approval that vary by period. The draft shifts from having no impact on aggregated approval ratings to a negative impact as the conflict mounts. This suggests public resistance grew as conflict costs increased. Following the end of the draft, mixed results occur with significance shown for both monthly and cumulative draft series. The monthly series demonstrates a positive effect on approval while the cumulative series continues to demonstrate a negative effect. It is postulated that these divergent results indicate an immediate positive response to the end of the draft while the residual negative effects still lingered. Finally, analysis of the results from the overall period shows a significant, positive effect.
Spatial Reciprocity of Uplink and Downlink Radio Channels in FDD Systems

We investigate the congruence of the directional properties of uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) as seen from the base station in WCDMA of UMTS by means of spatial channel measurements. Our study illustrates that the directional properties of the mobile radio channel are strongly correlated in uplink and downlink radio channels. Therefore, the utilization of spatial information derived during uplink reception for downlink smart antenna transmission is reasonable.
An Intelligence Layer-7 Switch for Web Server Clusters

In this paper we propose a new scheduling policy namely IRD (Intelligence Request Dispatcher) for web switches operating at layer-7 of OSI protocol stack in a web server farm . we classify dynamic and static requests. A hybrid Neuro-Fuzzy and LARD like approach is used to make route decision of dynamic and static requests separately. IRD select server with lower response time in an adaptive dispatching policy. In particular, we used the ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System) methodology to build a Sugeno fuzzy model to assigns each incoming dynamic request to the server with the least expected respon se time. This estimation is based on expected impact of each client's individual request on server's resources. this resources are , number of connection, CPU and disk usage . This parameters used to evaluate a load-weight of each serv er in a fuzzy manner and retrieved through feed-back. For Static requests an algorithm used to improve the cache hit ra te in Web cluster nodes according to their load-weights. It's goal is to improve load sharing in web clusters with dynamic and static information. A prototype implementation results confirm that proposed algorithm is more effective than representative request distribution algorithms, specially for dynamic requests that requires sophisticated policy and more service time than static information.
The PROGRES approach: language and environment

Graphs play an important role within many areas of computer science. Rule-based languages, on the other hand, are well-suited for the description of transformation or inference processes on complex data structures. Why not combining two successful principles in one formalism? This is the common vision of the graph transformation community and the main motivation behind the development of PROGRES, a visual language that supports PROgramming with Graph REwriting Systems. The language PROGRES was developed having the following three design goals in mind: (1) Distinguish between data deenition and manipulation activities and use graph schemata to type-check graph transformation rules. (2) Do not rely on the rule-oriented paradigm for all purposes, but support also imperative programming with control structures. (3) Refrain users from the task to guarantee connuence of deened rules by keeping track of rewriting connicts and backtracking out of dead-end derivations. Its accompanying programming environment ooers assistance for creating, analyzing , compiling, and debugging graph transformations as well as for rapid prototyp-ing activities. Being an integrated set of tools with support for intertwining these activities, it combines the exibility of interpreted languages with the safeness of compiled and statically typed languages.