Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accommodation theory: Communication, context, and consequence.

Introduction When academic theorizing addresses everyday communication phenomena, there are losses as well as gains. Research may, selectively or otherwise, partially represent the full subtlety of contextualized interaction. Methodological constraints may impose their own selectivity, so that we tend to access the accessible and learn what is most readily learnable. The real-time nature of programmatic research will reflect epistemological shifts and disciplinary development. It is altogether likely that academic and lay versions of the phenomena themselves and their boundaries will not perfectly mirror each other at any one point. On the other hand, research can discover regularities within communicative interchanges and identify, and perhaps even predict, contextual configurations that relate systematically to them. If it is amenable to methodological triangulation upon data and research questions, and if it incorporates within its own activities a mechanism for building cumulatively on empirical insights, communication research can begin to impose order on the uncertainty that interaction presents to us. More particularly, research that addresses the contexts as much as the behaviors of talk can tease out the ordering – motivational, strategic, behavioral, attributional, and evaluative – that interactants themselves impose upon their own communication experiences, and the ways in which the social practices of talk both are constrained by and themselves constrain goals, identities, and social structures. In the case of “accommodation theory,” the focus of the present collection, we have a research program that has developed over more than a dozen years, undergoing many extensions and elaborations, as an account of contextual processes impinging on sociolinguistic code, style, and strategy selections.
Viral activation and recruitment of metacaspases in the unicellular coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi

Lytic viral infection and programmed cell death (PCD) are thought to represent two distinct death mechanisms in phytoplankton, unicellular photoautotrophs that drift with ocean currents. Here, we demonstrate an interaction between autocatalytic PCD and lytic viral infection in the cosmopolitan coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi. Successful infection of E. huxleyi strain 374 with a lytic virus, EhV1, resulted in rapid internal degradation of cellular components, a dramatic reduction in the photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm), and an up-regulation of metacaspase protein expression, concomitant with induction of caspase-like activity. Caspase activation was confirmed through in vitro cleavage in cell extracts of the fluorogenic peptide substrate, IETD-AFC, and direct, in vivo staining of cells with the fluorescently labeled irreversible caspase inhibitor, FITC-VAD-FMK. Direct addition of z-VAD-FMK to infected cultures abolished cellular caspase activity and protein expression and severely impaired viral production. The absence of metacaspase protein expression in resistant E. huxleyi strain 373 during EhV1 infection further demonstrated the critical role of these proteases in facilitating viral lysis. Together with the presence of caspase cleavage recognition sequences within virally encoded proteins, we provide experimental evidence that coccolithoviruses induce and actively recruit host metacaspases as part of their replication strategy. These findings reveal a critical role for metacaspases in the turnover of phytoplankton biomass upon infection with viruses and point to coevolution of host–virus interactions in the activation and maintenance of these enzymes in planktonic, unicellular protists.
An Event-based Approach to Hybrid Systems Diagnosability

Diagnosability is an important issue in the design of diagnostic systems, because it helps identify whether sufficient information is available to distinguish all the faults. Diagnosability of hybrid systems, however, is challenging, because mode transitions may occur during fault isolation. We present an event-based framework for hybrid systems diagnosis based on a qualitative abstraction of measurement deviations from nominal behavior. We derive event-based fault models that describe the possible measurement deviations sequences due to faults, which, coupled with the mode transition structure of the system, are used to automatically synthesize an event-based diagnoser for hybrid systems. We introduce notions of diagnosability for hybrid systems and show how the event-based diagnoser can be used to verify the diagnosability of the system. We apply our diagnosability analysis scheme to a real-world electrical power distribution system.
The Effects of Trauma on Acculturative Stress

ABSTRACT There has been an influx of Southeast Asian refugees to the United States over the past 20 years, many of whom have experienced severe trauma. In their new country they face the formidable task of acculturation into a new, unfamiliar culture, often separated from their families and ethnic groups. This study sought to answer the question of whether the severity of trauma endured prior to and during migration affects the level of acculturative stress in a community sample of Cambodian refugees. Two major variables, the experience of trauma and acculturative stress, were examined through a cross-sectional research design which employed multiple regression statistical techniques to analyze the data. The results of the present study established that Cambodian refugees who experienced severe trauma prior to resettlement in the United States had significantly higher levels of acculturative stress than did those with less severe trauma histories.
Making the java memory model safe

This work presents a machine-checked formalisation of the Java memory model and connects it to an operational semantics for Java and Java bytecode. For the whole model, I prove the data race freedom guarantee and type safety. The model extends previous formalisations by dynamic memory allocation, thread spawns and joins, infinite executions, the wait-notify mechanism, and thread interruption, all of which interact in subtle ways with the memory model. The formalisation resulted in numerous clarifications of and fixes to the existing JMM specification.
Lower extremity angle measurement with accelerometers-error and sensitivity analysis

The use of accelerometers for angle assessment of the lower extremities is investigated. This method is evaluated by an error-and-sensitivity analysis using healthy subject data. Of three potential error sources (the reference system, the accelerometers, and the model assumptions) the last is found to be the most important. Model calculations based on data obtained by the Elite video motion analysis system showed the rigid-body assumption error to be dominant for high frequencies (>10 Hz), with vibrations in the order of 1 mm resulting in errors of one radial or more. For low frequencies (<5 Hz), the imperfect fixation of the accelerometers combined with a nonhinge-type knee joint gave an error contribution of +or-0.03 rad. The walking pattern was assumed to be two-dimensional, which was shown to result in an error of +or-0.04 rad. Accelerations due to rotations of the segments could be neglected. The total error computed for low frequencies (+or-0.07 rad) is comparable to the experimental difference between the current and the reference system. <<ETX>>
The Marine Alga Gelidium amansii Promotes the Development and Complexity of Neuronal Cytoarchitecture

Neurotrophic factors are vital not only to support neuronal development but also to protect mature neurons from atrophy in neurodegenerative diseases. As an effort to explore natural sources that possess neurotrophic activity, we screened common marine algae for their neuritogenic activity in the developing rat hippocampal neurons in culture. Of the 22 seaweed species examined, ethanol extracts of Gelidium amansii (GAE) exhibited potent neuritogenic activity, followed by Undaria pinnatifida and Sargassum fulvellum extracts. The effects of GAE were dose dependent with an optimum concentration of 15 µg/mL. The GAE significantly promoted the initial neuronal differentiation from the stage I into the stage II and increased the indices of axonal and dendritic development such as the length, the numbers of primary processes, and branching frequencies by a minimum of twofold compared with the vehicle control. These results show that marine algae are promising candidates for neurotrophic potentials. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of chromosome aberrations induced by digoxin in Chinese hamster ovary cells

Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that has been reported to inhibit growth of multiple tumor cell types in vitro. The present study was assessing the cytogenetic effects of this drug on Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. All experiments were performed in triplicate. The IC50 was 22.5 ± 0.8 µg/ml. To investigate the clastogenic effects of drug, chromosomal aberration in metaphase cells were analyzed. Chromatid breaks and polyploidy were the main types of aberration. Mitomycin-C and sodium arsenite were used as positive controls. CHO cells were exposed to different concentration of drug (5, 10, 15, 20 µg/ml) in 24 hours. All of the study aberrations and frequency of aberrant cells significantly increased as a function of digoxin concentration (for chromatid breaks: r = 0.881, df = 13, P < 0.001; for polyploidy: r = 0.777, df = 13, P = 0.001; for cells with aberrations: r = 0.926, df = 13, P < 0.001). The mitotic index negatively correlated with the concentration of digoxin (r = -0.978, df = 13, P < 0.001). All concentrations that cause chromosomal aberrations are in the cytotoxic range of the drug. The peak serum digoxin concentration (5 - 20 ng/ml) was very lower than concentrations we used in the present experiments. Further studies on valuation of chromatid breaks, micronuclei, and sister chromatid exchange in lymphocytes of patients who received digoxin, were recommended.
A Paradigm for Teaching Modeling Environment Design ∗

Model-Integrated Computing (MIC) is a generic term for the practice of coupling models of a complex system with the execution of that system. Although MIC has been in use for years by experts who learn its techniques in an ad hoc manner, it is only recently that system modeling—as a science— has begun to be taught as a subject. This paper presents a paradigm in use in a course designed specifically to teach the design of domain-specific modeling environments. The work describes how this paradigm grows throughout the course to complement the expanding nomenclature, mapping technologies, visitor and object-oriented technologies, and design decisions encountered by the students.
Decentralized Activation in a ZigBee-enabled Unattended Ground Sensor Network: A Correlated Equilibrium Game Theoretic Analysis

We describe a decentralized learning-based activation algorithm for a ZigBee-enabled unattended ground sensor network. Sensor nodes learn to monitor their environment in a low-power "sleep" mode, until an intruder is detected, then enter a full-power mode only if the benefit for doing so outweighs an energy cost. Our formulation accounts for the energy required to transmit and the probability of successful transmission in a crowded ZigBee network. Since these depend on the activity of other nodes, we propose a decentralized adaptive algorithm for sensor activation based on game theoretic principles. We show that the algorithm tracks the time-varying set of correlated equilibria of the problem, and illustrate performance through simulation. The algorithm is described as a stochastic approximation, with attendant differential inclusion analysis.
Geoinformatics and Social Media: New Big Data Challenge

Fostered by Web 2.0, ubiquitous computing, and corresponding technological advancements, social media have become massively popular during the last decade. The term social media refers to a wide spectrum of digital interaction and information exchange platforms. YouTube). Regardless of the particularities of each one, these social media services share the common goal of enabling the general public to contribute, disseminate, and exchange information (Kaplan and Haenlein, 2010). And this is exactly what the general public does, making social media content a sizeable and rapidly increasing chunk of the digital universe. Facebook announced in 2012 that its system deals with petabyte scale data* as it processes 2.5 billion content elements and over 500 TB of data daily. †
Actions of amfonelic acid and other non‐amphetamine stimulants on the dopamine neuron *

polyphoretin PPP, a PG antagonist, also enhanced the responses about 15 to 30% and did not show any antagonistic effects. The doses of indomethacin and PPP used here markedly inhibited the relaxation induced by 10 pg ml-l ATP in the presence of histamine, 10 p ~ , as described in our previous paper. From these results, it is apparent that the non-adrenergic inhibitory response to field stimulation and the response to ATP of guinea-pig tracheal muscle are different with respect to their pharmacological characteristics. We conclude that the transmitter substance of non-adrenergic inhibitory neurons is neither ATP nor PGs. The enhancement of the inhibitory response by indomethacin and PPP may be caused by inhibition of the PG-mediated negative feedback control of adrenergic neurotransmission (Hedqvist, 1973). We wish to thank Dr B. Fredholm, AB Leo, Helsingborg, for supplying PPP. March 11, 1976
Functions of ICC-like cells in the urinary tract and male genital organs

• Overview • Individual organs ‐ ICC‐LCs in the bladder ‐ ICC‐LCs in the urethra ‐ ICC‐LCs in the penis ‐ ICC‐LCs in the upper urinary tract ‐ ICC‐LCs in the prostate • Future of ICC‐LCs research in urogenital organs
Perinatal Brain Injury As a Consequence of Preterm Birth and Intrauterine Inflammation: Designing Targeted Stem Cell Therapies

Chorioamnionitis is a major cause of preterm birth and brain injury. Bacterial invasion of the chorion and amnion, and/or the placenta, can lead to a fetal inflammatory response, which in turn has significant adverse consequences for the developing fetal brain. Accordingly, there is a strong causal link between chorioamnionitis, preterm brain injury and the pathogenesis of severe postnatal neurological deficits and cerebral palsy. Currently there are no treatments to protect or repair against brain injury in preterm infants born after pregnancy compromised by intrauterine infection. This review describes the injurious cascade of events in the preterm brain in response to a severe fetal inflammatory event. We will highlight specific periods of increased vulnerability, and the potential effects of therapeutic intervention with cell-based therapies. Many clinical trials are underway to investigate the efficacy of stem cells to treat patients with cerebral palsy. Stem cells, obtained from umbilical cord tissue and cord blood, normally discarded after birth, are emerging as a safe and potentially effective therapy. It is not yet known, however, which stem cell type(s) are the most efficacious for administration to preterm infants to treat brain injury-mediated inflammation. Individual stem cell populations found in cord blood and tissue, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), have a number of potential benefits that may specifically target preterm inflammatory-induced brain injury. MSCs have strong immunomodulatory potential, protecting against global and local neuroinflammatory cascades triggered during infection to the fetus. EPCs have angiogenic and vascular reparative qualities that make them ideal for neurovascular repair. A combined therapy using both MSCs and EPCs to target inflammation and promote angiogenesis for re-establishment of vital vessel networks is a treatment concept that warrants further investigation.
Art reaches within: aesthetic experience, the self and the default mode network

In a task of rating images of artworks in an fMRI scanner, regions in the medial prefrontal cortex that are known to be part of the default mode network (DMN) were positively activated on the highest-rated trials. This is surprising given the DMN's original characterization as the set of brain regions that show greater fMRI activity during rest periods than during performance of tasks requiring focus on external stimuli. But further research showed that DMN regions could be positively activated also in structured tasks, if those tasks involved self-referential thought or self-relevant information. How may our findings be understood in this context? Although our task had no explicit self-referential aspect and the stimuli had no a priori self-relevance to the observers, the experimental design we employed emphasized the personal aspects of aesthetic experience. Observers were told that we were interested in their individual tastes, and asked to base their ratings on how much each artwork “moved” them. Moreover, we used little-known artworks that covered a wide range of styles, which led to high individual variability: each artwork was rated highly by some observers and poorly by others. This means that rating-specific neural responses cannot be attributed to the features of any particular artworks, but rather to the aesthetic experience itself. The DMN activity therefore suggests that certain artworks, albeit unfamiliar, may be so well-matched to an individual's unique makeup that they obtain access to the neural substrates concerned with the self—access which other external stimuli normally do not get. This mediates a sense of being “moved,” or “touched from within. ” This account is consistent with the modern notion that individuals' taste in art is linked with their sense of identity, and suggests that DMN activity may serve to signal “self-relevance” in a broader sense than has been thought so far.
Using a Non-Commutative Bernstein Bound to Approximate Some Matrix Algorithms in the Spectral Norm

We focus on \emph{row sampling} based approximations for matrix algorithms, in particular matrix multipication, sparse matrix reconstruction, and \math{\ell_2} regression. For \math{\matA\in\R^{m\times d}} (\math{m} points in \math{d\ll m} dimensions), and appropriate row-sampling probabilities, which typically depend on the norms of the rows of the \math{m\times d} left singular matrix of \math{\matA} (the \emph{leverage scores}), we give row-sampling algorithms with linear (up to polylog factors) dependence on the stable rank of \math{\matA}. This result is achieved through the application of non-commutative Bernstein bounds. Keywords: row-sampling; matrix multiplication; matrix reconstruction; estimating spectral norm; linear regression; randomized
The epidemiology and possible mechanisms of disinfection by-products in drinking water

This paper summarizes the epidemiological evidence for adverse health effects associated with disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water and describes the potential mechanism of action. There appears to be good epidemiological evidence for a relationship between exposure to DBPs, as measured by trihalomethanes (THMs), in drinking water and bladder cancer, but the evidence for other cancers including colorectal cancer is inconclusive and inconsistent. There appears to be some evidence for an association between exposure to DBPs, specifically THMs, and little for gestational age/intrauterine growth retardation and, to a lesser extent, pre-term delivery, but evidence for relationships with other outcomes such as low birth weight, stillbirth, congenital anomalies and semen quality is inconclusive and inconsistent. Major limitations in exposure assessment, small sample sizes and potential biases may account for the inconclusive and inconsistent results in epidemiological studies. Moreover, most studies have focused on total THMs as the exposure metric, whereas other DBPs appear to be more toxic than the THMs, albeit generally occurring at lower levels in the water. The mechanisms through which DBPs may cause adverse health effects including cancer and adverse reproductive effects have not been well investigated. Several mechanisms have been suggested, including genotoxicity, oxidative stress, disruption of folate metabolism, disruption of the synthesis and/or secretion of placental syncytiotrophoblast-derived chorionic gonadotropin and lowering of testosterone levels, but further work is required in this area.
PERAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DAN KECERDASAN EMOSI TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF PADA REMAJA AWAL

Subjective well-being is a positive assessment of the individual against himself about the life that is characterized by positive feelings of the individual outweigh the negative feelings, and high life satisfaction of individuals within the family, friends, and school. Subjective well-being is influenced by internal factors (such as personality, temperament, emotional intelligence, optimism, and selfesteem) and external factors (such as social support, education, culture, and social relationships). This study aims to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence, social support, and subjective well-being in early adolescence. The subjects were eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 2 City S, aged 12-15 years. This study using three scales: subjective well-being scale, emotional intelligence scale, and social support scale. Hypothesis testing using multiple regression analysis with the moderator variable also called Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results showed that the value of R2 in the regression 3rd model is higher, amounting 0,667 that incorporate the interaction between the variables of emotional intelligence and social support variables (as a moderator variable), so it is evident that social support variables right as moderator variables that can improve the relationship between emotional intelligence variable and subjective well-being variable. Keywords: subjective well-being, emotional intelligence, social support
The grammatical analysis of language disability

The study of syntax some critical factors in devising a syntactic remediation procedure the syntactic framework of description the development of syntax in children language assessment, remediation and screening procedure (LARSP) the linguistic analysis and treatment of language disorders case study of a child case study of an adult LARSP 1975-1990. Appendices: LARSP child data collection instructions child language assessment sampling procedure communicative history form sample of syntactic analysis of adult speech.
On the transport of atomic ions in linear and multidimensional ion trap arrays

Trapped atomic ions have become one of the most promising architectures for a quantum computer, and current effort is now devoted to the transport of trapped ions through complex segmented ion trap structures in order to scale up to much larger numbers of trapped ion qubits. This paper covers several important issues relevant to ion transport in any type of complex multidimensional rf (Paul) ion trap array. We develop a general theoretical framework for the application of time-dependent electric fields to shuttle laser-cooled ions along any desired trajectory, and describe a method for determining the effect of arbitrary shuttling schedules on the quantum state of trapped ion motion. In addition to the general case of linear shuttling over short distances, we introduce issues particular to the shuttling through multidimensional junctions, which are required for the arbitrary control of the positions of large arrays of trapped ions. This includes the transport of ions around a corner, through a cross or T junction, and the swapping of positions of multiple ions in a laser-cooled crystal. Where possible, we make connections to recent experimental results in a multidimensional T junction trap, where arbitrary 2-dimensional transport was realized.