Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protein-Related Neurodegeneration: A Case Study

This case report reports the effects of an 18-week physiotherapy program in children with mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN). The study involved two brothers, aged 11 and 12, who had been diagnosed with MPAN. The physiotherapy program was divided into three phases and consisted of 18 weeks of training with a pediatric physiotherapist, including balance, coordination, and strengthening exercises. Muscle strength was assessed using pediatric manual muscle testing, functional balance using the Pediatric Berg Balance Test (PBBT), static balance using the Single-Leg Stance Test, dynamic balance using the Functional Reach Test, postural control using the 5-Time Sit-to-Stand Test, and independence using the Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM). Positive changes were observed in muscle strength, balance, and independence. After Phase I, PBBT scores (younger sibling +4, 8.1%; older +3, 6.8%) were higher than the minimal clinically important difference (MCID=3.66-5.83). After Phase III, although the PBBT scores improved (younger +2, 4.05%; older +1, 2.3%), the older sibling’s score was not higher than the MCID. Thus, the two children showed visible improvements in both body structure and function, as well as activity and participation levels.
Assay of tretinoin in bulk and dosage forms using phosphomolybdic acid

New analytical technique has been developed for quantitative estimation of tretinoin in bulk and formulations. Tretinoin (acne product) was estimated by using visible spectrophotometric absorption method at l max of 700 nm. While developing the method, it was found that the colored species formed were due to the formation of molecular complex between tretinoin and heteropoly acid such as phosphomolybdic acid (PMA). All the regression analysis parameters were validated statistically according to ICH guidelines. The limits of linearity lie in the concentration range of 4 - 12 μg mL -1 for tretinoin. Limit of detection, limit of quantification, molar absoptivity, intra-day and inter-day precession (% RSD), values are 6.12×10 -2 µg mL -1 , 1.855×10 -1 µg mL -1 , 1.2346×10 4 L -1 mol -1 cm -1 , 0.57, and 0.50, respectively. Recovery studies found to be in the percentage range of 99.12 to 99.87( ± 1.2 to ± 0.23) for tretinoin. The proposed method is suitable for the quantitative determination tretinoin in quality control laboratories and can be applied as a substitute to advanced instrumental methods. A novel and inexpensive visible spectrophotometric method was established for quantitative estimation of tretinoin in formulations.
Multi-View Coding, a depth compression based on planes

En aplicaciones de Television multivista y 3D, dado el elevado numero de diferentes camaras (vistas), hace que la cantidad de datos a enviar en sistemas de transmision video sea muy elevado. Ademas, las nuevas funcionalidades de punto de vista libre, donde el usuario puede escoger libremente el punto de vista desde donde visualizar el contenido, ha popularizado el formato Multiview+Depth (MVD). El formato MVD incluye informacion de profundidad (depth) para cada camara (vista) utilizada. En este proyecto se estudiaran nuevas tecnicas de codificacion de secuencias MVD, bu
Artificial Intelligence-Based Intrusion Detection and Prevention in Edge-Assisted SDWSN With Modified Honeycomb Structure

The software-defined wireless sensor network (SDWSN) has the potential to improve flexibility, scalability, and network performance, but security and quality of service (QoS) are major challenges due to attackers, poor network management, and inefficient route selection. Several existing works for intrusion detection had drawbacks like poor security, inefficient network management, higher energy consumption and latency, and lesser throughput. A modified honeycomb structure-based intrusion detection system for SDWSN is proposed to address these challenges, which includes secure authentication using the 3D cube algorithm, modified honeycomb-based network partitioning, clustering, reinforcement learning-based intelligent routing with a transfer learning-based deep Q network (TLDQN), and a hybrid intrusion detection system. The latter detects malicious nodes using a driver training-based optimization (DTO) algorithm and intrusions with a bidirectional generative adversarial network (Bi-GAN). The results show that the proposed system outperforms existing solutions in terms of security, network performance, and efficiency. The simulation of this research is conducted by NS-3.26 Network Simulator, and the performances are evaluated based on various performance metrics (with respect to the total number of nodes) like energy consumption, latency, throughput, packet delivery ratio, network lifetime, computation overhead, detection accuracy, packet drop ratio, and control overhead, which proved that the proposed work achieves superior performance compared to existing works. The evaluation also includes a total simulation period during which the system’s real-time performance was conducted. Time-based metrics such as precision, recall, and F1-score, as well as confusion matrices, are utilized to analyze the system’s effectiveness in real-time in response to dynamic network threats.
Fuzzy modelling for forecasting discharge and water level of large rivers

The development of a uniform methodology for forecasting discharge and water level of large rivers constitutes an important problem of operational hydrology. The method of fuzzy sets is suitable for modelling such large systems as a whole. For this, a fuzzy model is presented. This model consists of a structure, each of the partial structures being fuzzy relations. This model setup has been successfully applied to the Elbe River in two versions for discharge and water level at different degrees of discretization (one day or 6 h). Two examples of applications are described.
Microwave Treatment vs. Conventional Pasteurization: The Effect on Phytochemical and Microbiological Quality for Citrus–Maqui Beverages

This study uncovered the impacts of microwave (MW) treatments compared to conventional pasteurization (TP) on the quality of functional citrus–maqui beverages, with added sucrose or stevia. The influence of these thermal treatments on the microbiological burden and phytochemical composition was determined by processing under two MW power levels (600 W and 800 W) and TP at 85 °C for 15 s for 60 days at room temperature (20 °C). The results indicated that, beyond the microbiological quality achieved in the juices treated by both MW and TP technology, there were no differences among the treatments regarding the stability of vitamin C, anthocyanin, and flavanone concentrations. However, anthocyanins were more stable in those beverages with sucrose added, rendering a better red color. Besides, all treatments ensured microbiological stability throughout the entire storage time. In conclusion, MW treatment could be considered as an alternative to TP, which ensures microbial safety, protecting functional compounds associated with health effects.
Study of model reaction of synthesis of n-butyl acetate using IR spectroscopy in solution

FT-IR spectroscopy is an absorption method, used to obtain the infrared spectrum of a chemical compound in a sample in order to monitor specific functional groups in organic and inorganic compounds. Herein, the ability of this technique to be used for on-time monitoring of a model chemical reaction is demonstrated. Every chemical reaction is characterized by specific kinetic profile, especially when a reversible reaction as esterification has to be realized. The selection of an appropriate, easy to be applied tracking technique is an important moment in the industry. N-butyl acetate can be obtained by the esterification of n-butan-1-ol and acetic acid. The main purpose of the presented work is to study the kinetics of the model reaction of n-butyl acetate synthesis showing the ability of FT-IR technique in solution to be used. Process of on-time monitoring can help to study the external factors which influence on the both right and reversed reaction in order to obtain the best yield of aimed product. The obtained results showed that FT-IR technique could be used as an easy to be applied for on-time monitoring of esterification reaction technique and the reaction reaches equilibrium in the 90th minute. Otherwise, a yield of 100 % is observed after one hour and half since the beginning of the reaction.
More than 30 Years of POSSUM: Are Scoring Systems Still Relevant Today for Colorectal Surgery?

Background: The Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and Morbidity (POSSUM) weights the patient’s individual health status and the extent of the surgical procedure to estimate the probability of postoperative complications and death of general surgery patients. The variations Portsmouth-POSSUM (P-POSSUM) and colorectal POSSUM (CR-POSSUM) were developed for estimating mortality in patients with low perioperative risk and for patients with colorectal carcinoma, respectively. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the significance of POSSUM, P-POSSUM, and CR-POSSUM in two independent colorectal cancer cohorts undergoing surgery, with an emphasis on laparoscopic procedures. Methods: For each patient, an individual physiological score (PS) and operative severity score (OS) was attributed to calculate the predicted morbidity and mortality, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the possible correlation between the subscores and the probability of postoperative complications and mortality. Results: The POSSUM equation significantly overpredicted postoperative morbidity, and all three scoring systems considerably overpredicted in-hospital mortality. However, the POSSUM score identified patients at risk of anastomotic leakage, sepsis, and the need for reoperation. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between the subscores and the probability of postoperative complications and mortality, respectively. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the three scoring systems are too imprecise for the estimation of perioperative complications and mortality of patients undergoing colorectal surgery in the present day. Since the subscores proved valid, a revision of the scoring systems could increase their reliability in the clinical setting.
Structural Equations for Testing Nested Models in Interdisciplinary Research

Barriers to compare opposed or alternative scientific theories exist, based on diverse premises. One is the concept of incommensurability, the idea suggesting that different paradigms or theories cannot be contrasted since they do not share common tenets. This paper proposes the use of nested models for testing the efficacy of isolated disciplinary explanations of psychological and social problems versus the power of interdisciplinary explanations. According to this approach, such nested models would include alternative disciplinary theories competing against each other and against an inclusive model that combines these unidisciplinary explanations. This situation is illustrated with an empirical study using a questionnaire on predictors of precautionary behaviors against COVID-19. Data was analyzed using structural equations, considering a psychological and a health-science perspective, and integrated into an interdisciplinary model. Results from this study showed that the best model was the interdisciplinary model, thus providing some evidence for the use of nested models as a method to integrate different disciplines. The advantages of this approach are discussed in the face of the growing, complex, and serious problems that humanity is nowadays experiencing.
The Use of Media Pictures in Learning Arabic Vocabulary in Elementary Schools

This study aims to describe the use of media pictures in learning Arabic vocabulary in elementary schools. This research is a qualitative type of field research at MIS Al-Hidayah Medan. The researcher obtained data on learning Arabic vocabulary using media pictures from data sources of Arabic class VI teachers at MIS Al-Hidayah Medan and documents supporting learning Arabic at the madrasah. Observation, interviews, and documentation carry out data collection techniques. At the same time, data analysis is done through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The study results show that using media pictures to learn Arabic vocabulary at MIS Al-Hidayah is done by displaying images matching the Arabic vocabulary. The benefit of using media pictures during the learning process is that students can remember vocabulary and say it without referring to the book. The drawbacks of using media pictures are that the images used are not in the language, so students who sit behind will need help seeing the pictures displayed by the teacher.
Hybrid Learning Approach Using Chamilo for Students of the Faculty of Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan, Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Manado

Learning Management System (LMS) is a learning process that utilizes information technology in the form of computers equipped with telecommunications facilities. The purpose of developing a Learning Management System is to facilitate and assist students in learning the subject of program evaluation. This research method is R & D (Research and Development), which is research to produce and test the effectiveness of these products. There are four stages in making e-learning, (1) Analysis of the system includes hardware, software, learning material, and student development, (2) Design includes instructional design analysis, teaching materials, and media (software) used, (3) Implementation, that is product and development of the resulting Learning Management System, (4) Evaluation, namely the Assessment stage by experts to test the feasibility of the system. “The sample of this study was 67 students from two classes who were enrolled in this study. The results showed that the average difference in pre-test and post-test scores was -8.83582. Whereas the test-t test Ho: pre-test = post-test gives the value t = -3.222 with degrees of freedom was 66. While the value p for two-sided tests 0.000 was smaller than α = 0.05. This data proves that the statistical hypothesis of Ho: pre-test = post-test is rejected, meaning that the average pre-test and post-test scores differ significantly. The findings of this research can be used to recommend implementing effective learning and teaching process using hybrid learning models, therefore improving students’ learning outcomes in higher education.
There Are No Insurmountable Barriers: Passage of the Helicobacter pylori VacA Toxin from Bacterial Cytoplasm to Eukaryotic Cell Organelle

The Gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori is a very successful pathogen, one of the most commonly identified causes of bacterial infections in humans worldwide. H. pylori produces several virulence factors that contribute to its persistence in the hostile host habitat and to its pathogenicity. The most extensively studied are cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA). VacA is present in almost all H. pylori strains. As a secreted multifunctional toxin, it assists bacterial colonization, survival, and proliferation during long-lasting infections. To exert its effect on gastric epithelium and other cell types, VacA undergoes several modifications and crosses multiple membrane barriers. Once inside the gastric epithelial cell, VacA disrupts many cellular-signaling pathways and processes, leading mainly to changes in the efflux of various ions, the depolarization of membrane potential, and perturbations in endocytic trafficking and mitochondrial function. The most notable effect of VacA is the formation of vacuole-like structures, which may lead to apoptosis. This review focuses on the processes involved in VacA secretion, processing, and entry into host cells, with a particular emphasis on the interaction of the mature toxin with host membranes and the formation of transmembrane pores.
THE USE OF PATH ANALYSIS IN THE DETERMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR EFFECTS ON THE TOTAL PRODUCTION OF AQUACULTURE PONDS IN PASURUAN, EAST JAVA PROVINCE

Environmental factors in the form of soil and water quality are the important factors of aquaculture pond productivity, including total production (tiger shrimps, Penaeus monodon , and milkfish, Chanos chanos ) in Pasuruan, East Java Province. The objective of this study was to analyze the direct or indirect effects of soil and water quality on the total production of ponds in Pasuruan using a path analysis application. Data were collected in the pond areas around Pasuruan Regency including Nguling, Lekok, Rejoso, Keraton, and Bangil Sub-Districts as well as Pasuruan City. Soil quality was determined as a free variable and exogen; water quality as mediate variable, suspended, and endogen; as well as milkfish production as suspended variable and endogen. Environmental characteristics were illustrated using descriptive statistics, while environment factor effects on total production were analyzed using path analysis. The results of path analysis show that from the 12 analyzed soil quality variables, only two variables were affected in the total production of pond (tiger shrimps and milkfish) namely: contents of soil organic carbon and soil phosphate. While based on 11 water quality variables, two variables (water salinity and water iron) were affected the total production of ponds in Pasuruan Regency. The direct effects of soil organic carbon and phosphate on the total production were 0.314 and -0.600, respectively. Water salinity and water iron gave direct effects on total production amounting to -0.678 and 0.358 respectively. It is also found that two soil variables which were affected in the total production, did not indicate the effect towards water quality in ponds. Further implication of this research is put more attention for these variables into pond’s management in order to gain more production. Technical application could be appropriate for pond preparation and frequently water changing during grow out.
Antibiogram Results of Escherichia coli in Calf Diarrhea and Escherichia coli Bacteria in Aksaray Province in The Last Three Months

Escherichia coli is a gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, motile, non-spore-forming rod-shaped bacterium belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Pathogenic E. coli are divided into two groups: extraintestinal and intestinal. Intestinal Escherichia coli pathotypes: enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), Vero-or Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli (VTEC or STEC), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and diffusely adherent E. coli ( DAEC) . Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli: These can be listed as septicemic pathogenic E. coli, uropathogenic E. coli, avian pathogenic E. coli, breast pathogenic E. coli and those that cause uterine infections, endometrial pathogenic E. coli. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the most common cause of neonatal diarrhea in calves and is a bacterial disease that colonizes the small intestine, produces enterotoxin, and occurs among calves during the neonatal period. The aim of this study is to determine the E.coli isolates that cause neonatal calf diarrhea in the Aksaray region between January, February and March 2021. To be used in the study, internal organ samples (liver, heart, lung and mesenteric lymph node) of neonatal calves that died due to diarrhea were taken from 20 different cattle farms in the Aksaray region. One calf that died in each farm was included in the sampling, and a total of 20 calves were sampled. E.coli was isolated in 12 (60%) of the internal organ samples covering these three months. According to the antibiogram results of the samples, 50% of the isolates were converted to Amoxicillin and Erythromycin, 33.3% to Tetracycline, 58.3% to Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 66.6% to Streptomycin, 75% to Flofenicol, Gentamicin and Enrofloxacin, % 83.3 of them were found to be sensitive to Cefloxacin and Cefloxacinium.
Paintball – Automated Wordnet Expansion Algorithm based on Distributional Semantics and Information Spreading

plWordNet has been consequently built on the basis of the corpus-based wordnet development method. As plWordNet construction had started from scratch it was necessary to find a way to reduce the amount of work required, and not to reduce the quality. In the paper we discuss the gained experience in applying different tools based on Distributional Semantics methods to support the work of lexicographers. A special attention is given to the Paintball algorithm for semiautomated wordnet expansion and its application in the WordnetWeaver system.
Hegemonic epistemologies in the context of Transformation: Race, space, and power in one post-apartheid South African town

This paper examines space, identity and power in Prince Albert, a small town in the South African Karoo, through analysis of white representations of urban and social change in the town since the end of apartheid. In doing so, this analysis seeks to contribute to the growing stream of critical philosophy concerned with the relationship between racialised systems of inequality and ways of knowing. By representing Prince Albert as ‘tranquil’ and ‘charming’, semigrant power elites in the town legitimate their dominance and control over the town’s resources through spatio-temporal “epistemologies of ignorance. ” Through analysis of semi-structured in-depth interviews with white residents and government and planning documents, this paper demonstrates the ways in which concepts of heritage and tourism, as Western ideological constructs that serve elite white interests, can be antagonistic to the broader South African national move towards Transformation.
Subacute Toxicity of Wood Ash (Toka) on Behaviour, Haematological and Biochemical Parameters of Wistar rat

Toka is mostly produced from maize cob by the process of leaching, diluting decanting and removal of water residue. It is a commonly used food additive in northern Nigeria. Thirty-three Wistar rats were used to determine the acute and sub-acute toxicity of toka. The median lethal dose or LD50 of toka using the up and down procedure was discovered to be above 2000 mg/kg since administering 175 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg did not trigger death. However, during the 28-d study for sub-chronic toxicity study of Toka on the four test groups with graded doses of 0 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 g/kg. Physical behaviour such as redness of the eye started on the seventh day of the experiment while blisters on the mouth were observed from the fourteenth day of the experiment. There was no significant difference between the parameters and test groups. The findings of the current investigation revealed that there is not 54any significant difference in all the haematological parameters except haemoglobin. It also reveals various changes in the haematological parameters; White blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (HB), MCV, MCH, neutrophil (N) and Lymphocyte (L), did not show any significant difference with the control. Red blood cells (RBC) decreased significantly; this could be due to the increase in the breakdown of haemoglobin. There was an increase in the activity of ALT during the oral administration of Toka at different doses, this is an indication of the Liver malfunctioning. The outcome of this research indicated the toxicity of Toka on Wistar rats and therefore prolonged use of Toka as a food additive may have a toxic effect on some organs of the user.
Experiments In Waste Processing For Undergraduates

Two experiments provide the students with training in important techniques of analysis for waste streams. Wastewater is characterized by the measurement of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), a quantity vital for the assessment of discharges to receiving waters. We have built a simple flue with a burner in the laboratory to train the student in the use of a stack-gas analyzer. This measures the excess air, gas temperature and the concentrations of the common pollutants CO, CO2, NOx and SO2 in flue gas.