Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Eradication of Carcinogenic Viruses in Established Solid Cancers

Abstract Carcinogenic viruses (oncoviruses) can initiate cancer, but their impact on established cancer varies. Some of these viruses prolong survival while others shorten it. This study classifies oncoviruses into two categories: viruses which induce a strong CD8+T cell reaction in non-cancerous tissues, and viruses which induce a weak CD8+ T cell reaction in non-cancerous tissues. The classification proves useful in predicting the effect of oncoviruses on the prognosis of solid cancers. Therefore, while eliminating carcinogenic viruses in healthy individuals (for example by immunization) may be important for cancer prevention, this study suggests that only viruses which induce a weak CD8+ T cell reaction should be eradicated in established solid tumors. The model correctly predicts the effect of oncoviruses on survival for six out of seven known oncoviruses, indicating that immune modulation by oncoviruses has a prominent effect on prognosis. It seems that CD8+ T cell response to oncoviruses observed in infected benign tissues is retained in infected tumors. Clinical significance: the effect of oncoviruses on solid cancer prognosis can be predicted with confidence based on immunological responses when clinical data are unavailable.
The burden of substance use and (mental) distress among asylum seekers: a cross sectional study

Background Asylum seekers are a particularly vulnerable population due to a wide range of external stressors. Traumatic events and difficult social/economic prospects can lead to an elevated susceptibility for substance use disorders. The aim of the present study was to determine whether asylum seekers suffering from mental or physical distress present higher levels of substance use disorder (SUD) in a state reception center in Germany and whether there are identifiable risk or protective factors. Methods We performed a hierarchical logistic regression on data of N = 238 people who had applied for asylum in Germany to analyze the SUD variance explanation by (1) sociodemographic, (2) flight-specific, and (3) psychometric (ERQ, SOC-9 L, SCL-K9) variables. On level (4), we included the location of data collection (walk-in clinic or accommodation,) as an indicator of individual’s need for a psychologist’s or General practitioner’s help in order to assess for the participant’s (mental) distress. Results Low educational level, lower sense of coherence, and mental distress (location of data collection in the psychosocial or general medical outpatient clinic) were associated with SUD. Those suffering from SUD seemed to be less aware of external stressors as SUD was also associated with low levels of reported post-migratory stress. Discussion The association of SUD with psychological distress and lower education reaffirms the concept that some vulnerable groups are at a higher risk for substance-related difficulties. Strengthening the sense of coherence with targeted interventions might enable at-risk groups to cope better with forthcoming burdens and help with abstaining from current or future consumption.
Evaluating local capacity for climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction : the case of Pulilan Bulacan, Philippines

Climate change is often discussed as something that will happen in the future. However, in many places around the world such as the Philippines, extreme weather events and changing weather patterns that may be attributed to climate change are already occurring and the destructive impacts are very real for communities that are exposed and vulnerable to natural hazards. Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) are now commonly viewed as interrelated and climate, and with many overlapping objectives rife with uncertainty, CCA and DRR create new challenges for decision making, and implementation. Government Units (LGUs) – provinces, cities and municipaliti implementation and maintenance of is therefore essential to ensure that LGUs tasked with planning for climate change adaptation and associated hazard mitigation posse This project utilizes an asset DRR of one LGU within the Angat Watershed, the Municipality of Pulilan Appreciative Inquiry – an action research understanding and appreciation of current capacity, but can also provide for the possibility of innovative transformation to occur within an organization and past successes of the Municipality capacity is the ability of a system or community to cope with, prepare for, avoid, or recover from the exposure to the effects of climate change. High adaptive capacity reduces th of a community by serving as a counterweight to the climate change impacts and associated hazards. policy areas, linked together through a shared focus on weather . Both complex issues in their own r planning, policy formulation, In the Philippines, authority has been delegated to Local es, and barangays both climate change and disaster risk reduction ss the capacity required to do so. -based approach to evaluate the local capacity . Drawing methodology that not only allows for better – it focuses on the existing strengths in order to assess existing adaptive capacity. Adaptive community’s exposure and sensitivity to
Emissions of nitrogen‐containing organic compounds from the burning of herbaceous and arboraceous biomass: Fuel composition dependence and the variability of commonly used nitrile tracers

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from residential wood and crop residue burning were measured in Colorado, U.S. When compared to the emissions from crop burning, residential wood burning exhibited markedly lower concentrations of acetonitrile, a commonly used biomass burning tracer. For both herbaceous and arboraceous fuels, the emissions of nitrogen‐containing VOCs (NVOCs) strongly depend on the fuel nitrogen content; therefore, low NVOC emissions from residential wood burning result from the combustion of low‐nitrogen fuel. Consequently, the emissions of compounds hazardous to human health, such as HNCO and HCN, and the formation of secondary pollutants, such as ozone generated by NOx, are likely to depend on fuel nitrogen. These results also demonstrate that acetonitrile may not be a suitable tracer for domestic burning in urban areas. Wood burning emissions may be best identified through analysis of the emissions profile rather than reliance on a single tracer species.
Delimiting MOGAD as a disease entity using translational imaging

The first formal consensus diagnostic criteria for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) were recently proposed. Yet, the distinction of MOGAD-defining characteristics from characteristics of its important differential diagnoses such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is still obstructed. In preclinical research, MOG antibody-based animal models were used for decades to derive knowledge about MS. In clinical research, people with MOGAD have been combined into cohorts with other diagnoses. Thus, it remains unclear to which extent the generated knowledge is specifically applicable to MOGAD. Translational research can contribute to identifying MOGAD characteristic features by establishing imaging methods and outcome parameters on proven pathophysiological grounds. This article reviews suitable animal models for translational MOGAD research and the current state and prospect of translational imaging in MOGAD.
A Lightweight Change Detection Network Based on Feature Interleaved Fusion and Bistage Decoding

Deep learning techniques for change detection have undergone rapid development in the past few years. However, it is still a challenge how to reduce massive network parameters and sufficiently fuse bitemporal image features to improve detection accuracy. Therefore, this work proposes a novel and lightweight network based on feature interleaved fusion and bistage decoding (FFBDNet) for change detection. In the encoding stage, considering the application problems caused by a large number of network parameters, we use the more efficient EfficientNet as the backbone to extract the bitemporal image features based on Siamese architecture. To fuse the bitemporal image features and reduce interference from surrounding objects, we propose a feature interleaved fusion module, which can interleave the shared feature information and the difference variance feature information. During the decoding stage, the fused features are split into two groups, and a novel bistage decoding framework is proposed to generate the accuracy change map gradually. Extensive experiments and ablation studies are validated on three public change detection datasets: WHU-CD, LEVIR-CD, and SYSU-CD datasets. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed FFBDNet produces a better balance between performance and model parameters. Specifically, the F1 values obtained for these three datasets are 93.27%, 91.11%, and 80.10%, respectively, and the model parameters of the network are just 2.85 M.
Occupancy dynamics, personality, & behavior of Franklin's Ground Squirrel in agricultural landscapes

Conservation of populations in fragmented habitats is often based on spatially realistic metapopulation theory, which predicts negative relationships between patch extinction and area and patch colonization and isolation. Cost-distance metrics have been developed to integrate habitat quality into measures of connectivity, and thus may improve predictive power of the area-isolation paradigm. Few studies use empirical data to compare predictive performance of complex cost-distance metrics to simple metrics relying on Euclidean distances. I used 3 years of presence-absence data to examine relative influence of habitat quality, habitat area, and connectivity on occupancy and extinction rates for Poliocitellus franklinii (Franklin‘s ground squirrel), a rare grassland species of conservation concern. I calculated connectivity using nearest-neighbor (NN) and incidence function model (IFM) metrics based on Euclidean and costdistances. Habitat quality, area, and connectivity were all positive predictors for occupancy, but only isolation was a positive predictor of extinction. Poliocitellus franklinii does not appear to be a tallgrass prairie obligate, but the species distribution is limited by isolation of suitable grassland habitat. A simple NN metric measuring Euclidean distance between a target area and nearest occupied source (NS) outperformed IFM (Euclidean and cost-distance) in predicting 1 This chapter appeared in its entirety in Landscape Ecology as Duggan, J. M. , R. L. Schooley, and E. J. Heske. 2011. Modeling occupancy dynamics of a rare species, Franklin‘s ground squirrel, with limited data: are simple connectivity metrics adequate? 26:1477-1490. This article is reprinted with the permission of the publisher (Springer Science + Business Media B. V) and is available from http://www.springerlink. com using DOI: 10.1007/s10980-011-9652-9
Genetics of Shoot Fly Resistance in a Recombinant Inbreed Lines Population of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is the fifth most important cereal crop worldwide (FAO STAT 2004) and an important rainfed cereal crop in the semi-arid tropics (SAT). India is the major producer of sorghum with the crop occupying 9.9 million hectares with an annual production of 8.0 million metric tones during 2003-2004 (FAS 2005). Genetic manipulation of sorghum in India since the 1960s has led to the development of several high yielding varieties and hybrids. However, many of these were highly susceptible to shoot fly [Antherigona soccata (Rondani)] which often resulted in severe damage to the crop (Rao and Rao, 1956; Jotwani and Srivastava, 1970). Adoption of chemical control is not International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 03 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
An Ultrasensitive Laser-Induced Graphene Electrode-Based Triboelectric Sensor Utilizing Trapped Air as Effective Dielectric Layer

Air, a widely recognized dielectric material, is employed as a dielectric layer in this study. We present a triboelectric sensor with a laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrode and an air-trapped pad using silicone rubber (SR). A very thin device with a thickness of 1 mm and an effective gap for contact–separation between the films of silicone rubber and polyimide (PI) of 0.6 mm makes the device extremely highly sensitive for very low amplitudes of pressure. The fabrication of LIG as an electrode material on the surface of PI is the key reason for the fabrication of the thin sensor. In this study, we showed that the fabricated air-trapped padded sensor (ATPS) has the capability to generate an output voltage of ~32 V, a short-circuit current of 1.2 µA, and attain a maximum power density of 139.8 mW m−2. The performance of the ATPS was compared with a replicated device having a hole on the pad, allowing air to pass through during contact–separation. The observed degradation in the electrical output suggests that the trapped air in the pad plays a crucial role in enhancing the output voltage. Therefore, the ATPS emerges as an ultra-sensitive sensor for healthcare sensing applications.
Access, use and attitudes regarding information and communication technologies among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the digital divide among older adults. Their everyday needs and mobility constraints forced them to go online, challenging older adults with limited access to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and scarce digital abilities. Objective: This study explores factors influencing older adults' use and perception of ICTs during the pandemic. Methodology: We conducted a survey of vulnerable elderly individuals in Santiago, Chile (N=251) and followed up with face-to-face interviews with 20 participants. Results: The findings indicate that frequent smartphone use among older adults is positively correlated with their perception of comfort, usefulness, control over the device, and willingness to use it. Active users exhibit higher confidence levels and engage in a broader range of online activities, while moderate users feel less inclined to bridge the digital gap, experiencing a sense of exclusion. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of perceived control in shaping smartphone usage among older adults and underscores the interplay between attitudes and technology adoption. Despite some limitations, this research offers valuable insights into the perspectives of non-users and proxy users, as well as the barriers to internet access during a crisis.
Cellular Processes Induced by HSV-1 Infections in Vestibular Neuritis

Herpesvirus is a prevalent pathogen that primarily infects human epithelial cells and has the ability to reside in neurons. In the field of otolaryngology, herpesvirus infection primarily leads to hearing loss and vestibular neuritis and is considered the primary hypothesis regarding the pathogenesis of vestibular neuritis. In this review, we provide a summary of the effects of the herpes virus on cellular processes in both host cells and immune cells, with a focus on HSV-1 as illustrative examples.
Desain Kruk Multifungsi Untuk Membantu Aktivitas Perkuliahan Mahasiswa Difabel

— Implementing education provides opportunities for all students, regardless of physical limitations, such as students with disabilities. Supporting facilities on campus can still not support these students to carry out activities in the campus environment, especially students who use wheelchairs. This study aims to produce designs and alternative prototypes for walking aids. These, namely crutches, have improved their function and added additional features to suit the needs of students who use wheelchairs. The design process was carried out using a data source reference approach related to ergonomic aspects and the method of the design process stages using Design thinking accompanied by an empathy map as a basis for identifying the needs of these students with disabilities. The final results of the research trial showed that the prototype crutches with an improved design could help students with disabilities in activities on campus that could not be done using a wheelchair, such as activities in the library and through the aisle. The future studies of this research are developing an advanced design so that the prototype is feasible for the mass production stage and further testing related to function, product durability, and optimization of product use by students with disabilities who use wheelchairs.
Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Reproductive Traits in Chinese Holstein Cattle

This study was to explore potential SNP loci for reproductive traits in Chinese Holstein cattle and identify candidate genes. Genome-wide Association Study based on mixed linear model was performed on 643 Holstein cattle using GeneSeek Bovine 50 K SNP chip. Our results detected forty significant SNP loci after Bonferroni correction. We identified five genes (VWC2L, STAT1, PPP3CA, LDB3, and CTNNA3) as being associated with pregnancy ratio of young cows, five genes (PAEP, ACOXL, EPAS1, GLRB, and MARVELD1) as being associated with pregnancy ratio of adult cows, and nine genes (PDE1B, SLCO1A2, ARHGAP26, ADAM10, APBB1, MON1B, COQ9, CDC42BPB, MARVELD1, and HPSE2) as being associated with daughter pregnancy rate. Our study may provide valuable insights into identifying genes related to reproductive traits and help promote the application of molecular breeding in dairy cows.
Ion-Selective Electrodes for the Determination of Periodate IO4- Using Periodate - Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) as an Ion-Pair and its Applications

Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane-based of 2, 3, 5 –Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride (TTC)- KIO4 with sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) as an anion excluder and dioctylphthalate (DOP) and dioctylsebacate (DOS) as plasticizer were prepared and studied as a KIO4– selective electrode. The best performance was observed with the membrane having the ligand (TTC KIO4 – PVC – plasticizer (DOP) – NaTPB (sodium tetraphenylborate) composition 5: 100: 200: 5mg, respectively, which worked well over a wide concentration range (1.5×10−6 M – 1.0×10−1M) with a Nernstian slope of 50–55.0 mV per decade of activity between pH 3 and 10.0. These electrodes showed a fast response time of 5 – 15 s and were used over a period of 90 dyes with good reproducibility. The selectivity coefficient for monovalent and divalent anions indicated excellent selectivity for IO4- ions over a large number of anions. The sensor has been used to determine IO4- ions from Ojela and Jalu/ Libyan water wells and wastewater.
Deep learning-based sign language recognition system using both manual and non-manual components fusion

Sign language is regularly adopted by speech-impaired or deaf individuals to convey information; however, it necessitates substantial exertion to acquire either complete knowledge or skill. Sign language recognition (SLR) has the intention to close the gap between the users and the non-users of sign language by identifying signs from video speeches. This is a fundamental but arduous task as sign language is carried out with complex and often fast hand gestures and motions, facial expressions and impressionable body postures. Nevertheless, non-manual features are currently being examined since numerous signs have identical manual components but vary in non-manual components. To this end, we suggest a novel manual and non-manual SLR system (MNM-SLR) using a convolutional neural network (CNN) to get the benefits of multi-cue information towards a significant recognition rate. Specifically, we suggest a model for a deep convolutional, long short-term memory network that simultaneously exploits the non-manual features, which is summarized by utilizing the head pose, as well as a model of the embedded dynamics of manual features. Contrary to other frequent works that focused on depth cameras, multiple camera visuals and electrical gloves, we employed the use of RGB, which allows individuals to communicate with a deaf person through their personal devices. As a result, our framework achieves a high recognition rate with an accuracy of 90.12% on the SIGNUM dataset and 94.87% on RWTH-PHOENIX-Weather 2014 dataset.
Decadal Prediction Skill of BCC-CSM1.1 with Different Initialization Strategies

Two sets of decadal prediction experiments were performed with Beijing Climate Center climate system model version 1.1 (BCC-CSM1.1) with different initialization strategies. One experiment is relaxing modeled ocean temperature to the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) reanalysis data (SODAInit). In the other (EnOI_ HadInit) experiment, the modeled ocean temperature were relaxed toward the assimilated ocean data, which were generated by assimilating sea surface temperature (SST) of the Hadley Centre Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature (HadISST) data to the ocean model of BCC-CSM1.1 using Ensemble Optimum Interpolation (EnOI) method. Comparisons between EnOI_HadInit and SODAInit hindcasts show that EnOI_HadInit is more skillful in predicting SST over the North Pacific, the southern Indian Ocean, and the North Atlantic. Improved prediction skill is also found for surface air temperature (SAT) over South Europe, North Africa, and Greenland, which is associated with the skillful prediction of the Atlantic multi-decadal oscillation in EnOI_HadInit. EnOI_HadInit and SODAInit are both skillful in predicting East Asian SAT, which is related to their skillful predictions of the tropical western Pacific SST. The result indicates that assimilated data generated by the ocean model of BCC-CSM1.1 Corresponding author: Qingquan Li, Beijing Climate Center, Zhongguancun Nandajie No.46, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China E-mail: liqq@cma.gov. cn J-stage Advance Published Date: 1 April 2019 Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan Vol. 97, No. 3 734
Microstructure and Air Trace Defects of the Rapidly Solidified ZK60 Magnesium Alloy Ribbon

ZK60 alloy metal ribbons were prepared successfully in a carbon dioxide atmosphere by varying the speeds of melt spinning. The thin metal ribbon with different solidification speeds was prepared by controlling different rotation speeds, and the influence of solidification speed on the ZK60 ribbon was studied. The results show that the gas mark has a significant effect on the local structure of the ribbon. The gas mark’s proportional area of the ZK60 ribbon increases first and then decreases with the increase in roll speed, and the gas mark proportion area is the smallest at 17.6 m/s. With the increase in the solidification rate, the base texture of the ribbon is enhanced, and the proportion of columnar crystals in the ribbon gradually increases. At the rate of 17.6 m/s, columnar crystals run through the entire side of the ribbon, and uniformly distributed spherical–particle phases are found inside the grain. At the speed of 17.6 m/s, the mechanical properties of different areas of the ribbon are close and different from those of the other two speeds, and the performance of the quenching zone is better than that of the slow-cooling zone.