Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge bases in the world wide web : a challenge for logic programming (second, revised edition)

Regarding the World Wide Web, knowledge bases can be categorized between (HTML-)documents and (SQL-)databases. In order to standardize them, the use of Horn logic for Web publications is proposed. The central part outlines the design of a Web search engine for processing distributed Horn-logic knowledge bases. Some of the research issues to be solved are elaborated from the perspective of (parallel, modular) logic programming. A proposal for realization is based on the Infomaster system, here restricted from heterogeneous notations to a standardized format. Possible Inter- and intranet applications are discussed. Finally, an LP-community effort for building up (documented) Horn-logic knowledge bases in the Web is encouraged.
“Challenge Me!”

Confirmation theory is a theoretical framework that forwards that the communication of acceptance and challenge to recipients promotes prosocial environments that foster positive affect, attitudes, and behaviors. This study utilized confirmation theory to better understand the influence of coaches’ use of confirmation on athletes’ satisfaction and motivation to play their sport. Data collected from 132 former high school athletes indicated that the challenge dimension of coach confirmation uniquely and strongly predicts athletes’ satisfaction with their sport experiences, satisfaction with their communication with head coaches, and their motivation to play. These findings emphasize sport as a unique context of confirmation in which athletes prioritize their development and constructive criticism and demonstrate that confirmation is an effective coaching behavior that should be integrated into coaches’ everyday practices.
Discovering Frequent Sets of Actions in Intelligent Environments

Intelligent Environments depend on their capability to understand and anticipate user’s habits and needs. Therefore, learning user’s common behaviours becomes an important step towards allowing an environment to provide such personalized services. We have developed a system which learns user’s patterns taking into account the special features of Intelligent Environments. Due to the complexity of the system, this paper will focus on a specific part of such a system, the module that discovers what sets of actions are frequently carried out by the user.
The Application of Improved Immunogenetic Algorithm in Signal Timing

The immunogenetics theory is applied into traffic signal control in this paper. Then a new algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of signal timing optimization. For obtaining the optimal schedule quickly, the mechanism of the antibody response antigen is simulated in the improved immunogenetic algorithm, in which cell memory base is used to preserved best antibodies. The method of computing the affinity between antigens by using information entropy is introduced. And based on it, antigen clustering is used to guarantee the algorithm stability and fast convergence. A simulated experiment for the traffic model at a four-phase single intersection is designed according to the new algorithm. The result shows that the method is feasible and effective.
Upper and lower bounds for Fv(4,4;5)

In this note we give a computer assisted proof showing that the unique $(5,3)$-Ramsey graph is the unique $K_5$-free graph of order 13 giving $F_v(3,4;5) \leq 13$, then we prove that $17 \leq F_v(2,2,2, 4; 5) \leq F_v(4, 4; 5) \leq 23$. This improves the previous best bounds $16 \leq F_v(4, 4; 5) \leq 25$ provided by Nenov and Kolev.
Adaptive Filter in Shipborne Software Radio Station

To significantly increase the sampling rate of an A/D converter (ADC), a time interleaved ADC system is a good idea. Due to errors in the manufacturing process, all ADCs in a time interleaved ADC system are not exactly identical. It means that gain and offset mismatch errors are introduced in the digital signal processing. These errors cause distortion in the sampled signal. In this paper we present a method based on Affine Projection algorithm for compensation of the mismatch errors. The compensation can be working while the ADCs are still running. The method is also adaptive to slow changes of the errors parameters. Using effective AP algorithm, we can reach obvious improvement and save a large amount of calculating time through simulation.
Do Central Banks have Precautionary Demands for Expansions and for Price Stability? - A New Keynesian Approach1

This paper analyses the impact of asymmetric preferences with respect to inflation and output fluctuations on policymaker’s interest-rate reaction functions and tests for their existence. This is done by introducing non quadratic preferences into a New Keynesian framework of the type proposed in Clarida, Gali and Gertler (1999). A methodology designed to identify the dominant type of asymmetry is developed and related to the precautionary demands of policymakers for expansions and for low inflation. Using data for four G7 economies, the paper shows that, nonlinear and asymmetric behaviour is present in many cases. A main finding, for the US, is that after credibilitybuilding and disinflation have been established, the monetary authority develops a greater precautionary demand for output expansions than for low inflation. Conversely, where, as is the case in the UK during the nineties, credibility-building is still a concern for the authorities, managing the business cycle is dominated by concerns of the monetary authorities to keep inflation expectations low. JEL Codes: E58, E61
Arterial compliance in patients on long-treatment-time dialysis.

Arterial compliance is found to be reduced in haemodialysis patients. It is not clear whether decreased arterial compliance in uraemic patients is a consequence of long-standing increased mean arterial blood pressure or a consequence of the uraemic state. An adequate blood pressure can be achieved by long-treatment-time dialysis of 8 h three times a week. We studied femoral and carotid artery wall properties in 24 normotensive patients on long-treatment-time dialysis and 24 normal controls matched for mean arterial pressure, age, sex, and body mass index. Arterial distensibility coefficient and compliance coefficient were determined with a vessel wall movement detector system, 24 h after dialysis in the supine position. The patients were 5.9 +/- 6.6 years on long-treatment-time dialysis at a Kt/V of 1.8 +/- 0.4. We found no significant differences in mean arterial pressure or pulse pressure between patients (85 +/- 13, 55 +/- 17 mmHg) and controls (84 +/- 6, 50 +/- 13 mmHg). Femoral distensibility coefficient and compliance coefficient were lower in patients (6.0 +/- 2.4 10(-3)/kPa; P < 0.05, 0.52 +/- 0.28 mm2/kPa; n.s. ) compared to the controls (8.8 +/- 4.0 10(-3)/kPa, 0.67 +/- 0.38 mm2/kPa). No differences in carotid distensibility coefficient and compliance coefficient were found between patients (12.8 +/- 4.6 10(-3)/kPa, 0.72 +/- 0.30 mm2/kPa) and controls (14.1 +/- 4.4 10(-3)/kPa, 0.70 +/- 0.23 mm2/kPa). We conclude that patients on long-treatment-time-dialysis have an increased stiffening of the muscular femoral artery but not of the more elastic carotid artery. Results suggest that the uraemic state itself has a deleterious effect on the elastic properties of the muscular femoral artery.
Processos Cognitivos Visuoespaciais e Ambiente Visual Circundante: Implicações Educacionais

RESUMO - Nesta revisao de literatura, abordamos a importância da atencao seletiva, da inibicao e da memoria de trabalho na aprendizagem das criancas. Comecamos por apresentar as suas defnicoes e principais mecanismos funcionais. Apresentamos igualmente conclusoes de varios estudos que abordam a importância desses processos, sobretudo em tarefas visuoespaciais. Finalmente, abordamos o papel que o ambiente visual circundante desempenha na aprendizagem, chamando a atencao para uma lacuna que se verifca em grande parte dos estudos: a sua pouca validade ecologica. E tambem defendido que o ambiente visual externo deve ser considerado nos modelos explicativos dos processos cognitivos basicos. Conclui-se o trabalho alertando para a necessidade de se estudar de forma mais sistematica a relacao entre estes dois elementos (cognicao e ambiente). Palavras-chave : atencao seletiva, inibicao, memoria de trabalho, aprendizagem, ambiente visual circundante, validade ecologica
Learning programs from noisy data

We present a new approach for learning programs from noisy datasets. Our approach is based on two new concepts: a regularized program generator which produces a candidate program based on a small sample of the entire dataset while avoiding overfitting, and a dataset sampler which carefully samples the dataset by leveraging the candidate program's score on that dataset. The two components are connected in a continuous feedback-directed loop. We show how to apply this approach to two settings: one where the dataset has a bound on the noise, and another without a noise bound. The second setting leads to a new way of performing approximate empirical risk minimization on hypotheses classes formed by a discrete search space. We then present two new kinds of program synthesizers which target the two noise settings. First, we introduce a novel regularized bitstream synthesizer that successfully generates programs even in the presence of incorrect examples. We show that the synthesizer can detect errors in the examples while combating overfitting -- a major problem in existing synthesis techniques. We also show how the approach can be used in a setting where the dataset grows dynamically via new examples (e.g., provided by a human). Second, we present a novel technique for constructing statistical code completion systems. These are systems trained on massive datasets of open source programs, also known as ``Big Code''. The key idea is to introduce a domain specific language (DSL) over trees and to learn functions in that DSL directly from the dataset. These learned functions then condition the predictions made by the system. This is a flexible and powerful technique which generalizes several existing works as we no longer need to decide a priori on what the prediction should be conditioned (another benefit is that the learned functions are a natural mechanism for explaining the prediction). As a result, our code completion system surpasses the prediction capabilities of existing, hard-wired systems.
Optimized code generation for heterogeneous computing environment using parallelizing compiler TINPAR

This paper presents a compiling technique to generate optimized codes for heterogeneous computing environment. This paper also proposes a new dynamic load redistribution mechanism which can adaptively and dynamically distribute tasks among computers according to their available computing power which may vary during the computation. As the results of the performance evaluation, we could confirm that the generated codes are effectively executed in a heterogeneous computing environment with dynamic load change.
Hybrid subcarrier exclusivity and sharing scheme with optimized bit loading in uplink multi-cell OFDMA system

Hybrid subcarrier exclusivity and sharing (HSEnS) scheme with optimized bit loading in uplink multicell OFDMA system is proposed in this paper. Optimizing bit loading under subcarrier exclusivity (SE) and subcarrier sharing (SS) schemes in two adjacent cells is analyzed. Bit loading criteria and boundary setting procedures for convex optimizing bit loading under SS scheme are proposed. And bit loading boundaries for convex optimizing bit loading under SE and SS scheme can be obtained. The HSEnS scheme is proposed to combine the advantages of SE and SS schemes for making tradeoff between throughput performance and algorithm failure rate when interference is strong, moderate or weak. Simulations support our proposals and HSEnS with optimized bit loading outperforms other schemes.
An Examination of Palliative or End-of-Life Care Education in Introductory Nursing Programs across Canada

An investigation was done to assess for and describe the end-of-life education provided in Canadian nursing programs to prepare students for practice. All 35 university nursing schools/faculties were surveyed in 2004; 29 (82.9%) responded. At that time, all but one routinely provided this education, with that school developing a course (implemented the next year). As compared to past surveys, this survey revealed more class time, practicum hours, and topics covered, with this content and experiences deliberately planned and placed in curriculums. A check in 2010 revealed that all of these schools were providing death education similar to that described in 2004. These findings indicate that nurse educators recognize the need for all nurses to be prepared to care for dying persons and their families. Regardless, more needs to be done to ensure novice nurses feel capable of providing end-of-life care. Death education developments will be needed as deaths increase with population aging.
PENDIDIKAN DAN PENGETAHUAN PADA IBU YANG MEMPUNYAI BAYI USIA 6-12 BULAN DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF

ASI eksklusif adalah ASI yang diberikan pada bayi tanpa makanan tambahan atau cairan sampai umur 6 bulan (Suryoprajogo, 2009:53). Faktor-faktor pemberian ASI sangat mempengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif,tingkat pendidikan dan pengetahuan merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif.Tujuan penelitian,mengetahui hubungan pendidikan dan pengetahuan ibu yang mempunya bayi usia 6-12 bulan terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif di Desa Donomulyo Lampung Timur Tahun 2013. Jenis penelitian Analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 28 juni s/d 9 juli 2013. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Simpel Random Sampling dengan jumlah responden 52 orang. Analisis data dengan menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa pada α 5% ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan dan pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan nilai p= 0,013, dan ada hubungan yang signifikan juga antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan nilai p= 0,000. Kesimpulan bahwa tingkat pendidikan dan pengetahuan ibu yang mempunyai bayi usia 6-12 bulan berhubungan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif di Desa Donomulyo Lampung Timur Tahun 2013. Saran untuk petugas kesehatan lebih meningkatkan penyuluhan tentang kesehatan, terutama tentang pemberian ASI sehingga masyarakat khususnya ibu-ibu menyusui dapat mengetahui secara jelas tentang kandungan ASI, keuntungan bagi ibu dan bayi jika memberikan ASI secara eksklusif.
Nobel Lecture: The Economic Way of Looking at Behavior

An important step in extending the traditional theory of individual rational choice to analyze social issues beyond those usually considered by economists is to incorporate into the theory a much richer class of attitudes, preferences, and calculations. While this approach to behavior builds on an expanded theory of individual choice, it is not mainly concerned with individuals. It uses theory at the micro level as a powerful tool to derive implications at the group or macro level. The lecture describes the approach and illustrates it with examples drawn from my past and current work.
Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2: sero-prevalence and risk factors among a Nigerian rural population of women of child-bearing age.

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) still continues to ravage the world since its discovery about three decades ago in spite of global intervention efforts. Women are the most infected, majority of which are found in sub-saharan Africa. OBJECTIVE: We set out to determine the sero-prevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 and to evaluate risk factors among women of child-bearing age in Obi Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, blood samples were randomly collected by venepuncture from 426 women aged 16-40 years, between February and April 2002; after having obtained ethical clearance, informed consent, structured questionnaires were selfadministered. rLAV EIA (Bio-Rad Laboratories, USA) and vironostika microelisa (Organon Teknika, USA) were both used for initial and confirmatory tests respectively. RESULTS: Overall 48 (11.3 %) were sero-positive for HIV. Of these, 38 (8.9 %) had HIV-1 and 10 (2.3 %) had HIV-2. Those aged 16-20 years had the highest prevalence rate of 13.9 % (38). Subjects who had history of STIs and multiple sex partners were significantly more likely to be infected. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence with a worse situation in the young age brackets underscores the necessity for sustainable intervention initiatives among women with the youth as a special focus. Efforts for vaccine development should take into consideration the reality of HIV-2 in Nigeria.
DOE based high-performance gate-level pipelines

Domino dynamic circuits are widely used in critical parts of high performance systems. In this paper we show that in addition to the functional limitation associated to the non-inverting behavior of domino gates, there are also performance disadvantages when compared to inverting dynamic gates, which can be related to this feature. These penalties rise from the fact that in order to produce a logic one, a non-inverting gate requires one or more of its inputs to be also at logic one. We analyze the operation of gate-level pipelines implemented with domino and with Delayed Output Evaluation (DOE), an inverting dynamic gate we have recently proposed, and compare their performance. Using domino and DOE gates similar in terms of delay, improvements in operating frequencies around 50% have been obtained by the DOE pipelines.
Priority channel selection based on detection history database

This paper proposes a new database-based two-stage channel selection method for cognitive radios. The proposed method consists of two stages, namely the database collection and signal detection parts. The database collects information about channels. When a cognitive radio needs to find an unoccupied channel for a transmission, it sends a query to the database. Based on the information collected to the database, the most probably unoccupied channels at requesting time are the best candidates when searching unoccupied channels, and these channels are submitted to the cognitive radio. The cognitive radio performs first the power level detection. Based on the power level information delivered from the database, a full signal detection is performed next to the channel with low enough power level to ensure that the channel is really unoccupied.
Cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory coupling analyses: a review

Recently, methods have been developed to analyse couplings in dynamic systems. In the field of medical analysis of complex cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory systems, there is growing interest in how insights may be gained into the interaction between regulatory mechanisms in healthy and diseased persons. The couplings within and between these systems can be linear or nonlinear. However, the complex mechanisms involved in cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory regulation very likely interact with each other in a nonlinear way. Recent advances in nonlinear dynamics and information theory have allowed the multivariate study of information transfer between time series. They therefore might be able to provide additional diagnostic and prognostic information in medicine and might, in particular, be able to complement traditional linear coupling analysis techniques. In this review, we describe the approaches (Granger causality, nonlinear prediction, entropy, symbolization, phase synchronization) most commonly applied to detect direct and indirect couplings between time series, especially focusing on nonlinear approaches. We will discuss their capacity to quantify direct and indirect couplings and the direction (driver–response relationship) of the considered interaction between different biological time series. We also give their basic theoretical background, their basic requirements for application, their main features and demonstrate their usefulness in different applications in the field of cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory coupling analyses.
Time Course and Neurophysiological Underpinnings of Metaphor in Literary Context

ABSTRACT Several theoretical proposals tried to account for the meaning open-endedness of metaphors in literature and for the effortful process they trigger in readers. However, very few experiments have tackled the neurophysiological underpinnings of literary metaphor. Here we used Event-Related brain Potentials (ERPs) to explore the temporal dynamics of comprehending metaphors from Italian poems and novels (e.g., grass of velvet), presented in their original context, as compared with literal expressions (e.g., throne of velvet). Results evidence a more negative ERP response for metaphors, unfolding in an N400 followed by a sustained negativity over frontal sites, suggesting a long-lasting effort in elaborating figurative meanings. Whereas the N400 might be indicative of lexical/semantic processes typical of metaphors and amplified by the literary context, the sustained negativity might reflect the manipulation of multiple meanings in working memory, possibly responsible for the poetic effect. Interestingly, the late negativity effect is driven by familiarity, with a more negative response for those metaphors that are less familiar. These findings offer material to discuss ideas put forward in pragmatics, literary studies, and cognitive neuroscience of literature, like the condensation of weak implicatures, the foregrounding, and the relation between a metaphor and its context.
Abstract State Spaces with History

In this article, we consider learning problems in which the learning agent has only imprecise information about the current state of the environment. To deal with the uncertainty of the agent, an abstract representation of the state space is built which can be used to define near optimal policies. Starting with only a few abstract states, the state space is incrementally refined by employing statistical tests. Parallel to the refinement process, a model-free reinforcement learning algorithm is used to learn a policy
Extended k-Nearest Neighbours based on Evidence Theory

An evidence theoretic classification method is proposed in this paper. In order to classify a pattern we consider its neighbours, which are taken as parts of a single source of evidence to support the class membership of the pattern. A single mass function orbasic belief assignment is then derived, and the belief function and the pignistic (“betting rates”) probability function can be calculated. Then the (posterior) conditional pignistic probability function is calculated and used to decide the class label for the pattern. It is shown that such a classifier extends the standard majority voting based k-nearest neighbour classifier, and it is an approximation to the optimal Bayes classifier. In experiments this classifier performed as well as or better than the voting and distance weighted k-nearest neighbours classifiers with best k, and its performance became stable when the number of neighbours considered is greater than 4.
On the Peculiarities of Default Reasoning of Children with Autism

We employ the formalism of default logic to model certain phenomena of autistic reasoning. Our main finding is that while people with autism may be able to process single default rules, they have a characteristic difficulty in cases where multiple default rules conflict. Even though default reasoning was intended to simulate the reasoning of typical human subjects, it turns out that following the operational semantics of default reasoning in a literal way leads to the peculiarities of autistic behavior observed in the literature.