Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 12,000-year Record of Vegetation and Climate Change from the Sierra de Los Cuchumatanes, Guatemala

Relatively few Holocene climate change studies in the Guatemala highlands have been completed. This study uses proxy records of climate change from Miqul Meadow, a high elevation (3147 m) site near Huehuetenango in the Sierra de los Cuchumantanes. Changes in vegetation and fire were reconstructed using pollen and charcoal from a sediment core dated ca. 12,000-2100 cal yr BP. Changes in forest taxa indicate that periods of drier climate were observable ca. 12,000-10,000 years ago, and later in the Holocene. Our results show that the climate was gradually drying around Miqul Meadow before the rise of the Maya in the lowlands.
Exploring the relationship between celebrity endorser effects and advertising effectiveness

This study provides a quantitative summary of the relationship between celebrity endorser source effects and effectiveness in advertising. The Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test is used to identify the most influential celebrity endorser source effects on effectiveness. The role of celebrity/product fit, interaction effects, sample type, study setting, and country of study are also included as moderators. Results suggest negative celebrity information can be extremely detrimental to an advertising campaign. The source credibility model composed of celebrity trustworthiness, celebrity expertise, and celebrity attractiveness appears to capture the three most influential source effects on purchase intentions, brand attitudes and attitudes towards the advertisement.
The Impact of Explanations and Demographic Group Membership: Reactions to Diversity Initiatives

In a laboratory experiment, we investigated the impact of procedural explanations and demographic group membership on dependent measures of diversity program support. Our analysis took one important perspective: the examination of work-force-diversity programs from the perspective of multiple beneficiary (i. e., targeted) demographic groups. The experiment's design used 99 student volunteers in a 3 × 3 (Explanation × Demographic Group) factorial design. Our findings reveal that both adequate explanation and demographic group membership have a significant impact on how potential work-forcediversity program beneficiaries expect their coworkers to perceive them. In addition, group membership was a significant predictor of potential beneficiaries' attitudes toward the diversity program and their self-perceptions of competence. Finally, we discuss implications for future research and diversity practice.
Validation of a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire for use in Western Mali

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to validate a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (QFFQ) created for assessing the usual intake of foods and nutrients in the prevailing season in Western Mali. Design: Intake of foods and nutrients over the week preceding the interview was measured with a 69-item QFFQ. Intakes were compared with intakes as measured with 2-day combined weighed and recalled diet records. Setting: A rural village in Western Mali, West Africa. Subjects: Twenty-seven men and 48 women (15–59 years of age) representing 18 households. Results: Spearman rank correlations between intake of food groups from the QFFQ and the diet record ranged from 0.09 (meat/fish) to 0.58 (tea/coffee). Median coefficient was 0.37. Median Spearman correlation coefficient for nutrient intake was 0.40. Men had higher median correlation coefficients than did women. The proportion of subjects being classified into the same quartile of food intake was on median 33%, while a median of 7% was misclassified into extreme quartiles. Correct classification into the same quartile for intake of nutrients was on median 34% while a median of 4% was grossly misclassified. Intakes of most food groups and nutrients as measured by the QFFQ were higher than those measured by the diet records. However, while men had higher estimated intakes for foods eaten in-between meals, women in general had higher intake of foods eaten in the main meals. Conclusion: This QFFQ can be used for comparing the intake of foods and nutrients between groups within this study population. It therefore represents a useful tool in the surveillance of food intake in the population, both in identifying vulnerable groups and for tracking food intake over time. The differences between men and women in overestimating food intake need to be taken into account when using the method.
An improved approach to feature selection

The paper addresses the feature selection based on Neighborhood Rough Set (NRS) used as evaluation function and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) as generation procedure. A NRS-based measure is employed as heuristic information of ACO. For the weakness of setting a specified value to the size of neighborhood, a new standard deviation based value is advanced to be the size of neighborhood. Four datasets from UCI are used to evaluate the proposed approach and the experimental results show that the approach has a better performance, and could be a practical algorithm to select features from dataset.
ACETYLATION AND METHYLATION OF HISTONES AND THEIR POSSIBLE ROLE IN THE REGULATION OF RNA SYNTHESIS.

17 Ohno, S. , and B. M. Cattanach, Cytogenet. , 1, 129 (1962). 18 Russell, L. B. , Science, 140, 976 (1963). 19 Lyon, M. F. , Genetic Res., 4, 93 (1963). *' Benirschke, K. , R. J. Low, L. E. Brownhill, L. B. Caday, and J. deVenecia-Fernandez, Chromosoma, in press. 21 Davidson, R. G. , H. M. Nitowsky, and B. Childs, these PROCEEDINGS, 50, 481 (1963). 22Beutler, E. , and M. Baluda, Lancet, I, 189 (1964). 23 Bach, F. , and K. Hirschhorn, Proc. 11th Intern. Congr. Genet. , p. 312 (1963). 24Sanger, R. , R. R. Race, P. Tippett, J. Hamper, J. Gavin, and T. E. Cleghorn, Vox Sang. , 7, 571 (1962) 2 Gorman, J. G. , A. M. Treacy, and A. Cahan, J. Lab. Clin. Med., 61, 642 (1963). 26Reed, T. E. , N. E. Simpson, and B. Chown, Lancet, H, 467 (1963). 27 Lindsten, J., M. Fraccaro, P. E. Polani, J. L. Hamerton, R. Sanger, and R. R. Race, Nature, 197, 648 (1963). '" Muldal, S. , L. Tiepolo, M. Fraccaro, and J. Lindsten, unpublished data.
Improved Indexing & Searching Throughput

Information retrieval is the process of finding relevant information in large corpora of documents based on user queries. Within the discipline there are a number of open research questions and areas. This thesis presents a systematic study into improving the speed of all aspects of an information retrieval system, without such improvements having an adverse effect on the effectiveness of that system. Several key areas of the indexing process were investigated: the effect of removing spam and correcting encoding errors at indexing time; the amount of parallelism and further improvements to the indexing process; the methods of vocabulary accumulation and collision resolution within a hash table; and as part of the indexing process, a new family of hash functions for information retrieval which exploit the properties of natural language was proposed. Search performance was also investigated by examining the effects of the spam removal on search quality. A relationship between the size of a collection and the pre-calculation of retrieval scores was discovered. Overall results indicate a 30% improvement of indexing throughput. This is accompanied by a 15% increase in search quality, whilst its speed could be increased by 25% without degrading quality. The pre-calculation of retrieval scores further improves retrieval speed by up to 3--. These results were compared against other open-source indexing systems by ATIRE when participating in the SIGIR 2015 RIGOR Workshop Reproducibility Challenge. The results of this challenge show that ATIRE is the fastest indexing system (taking half the time of the next best system), and the second fastest search system using the discovered relationship.
One of Two Alb3 Proteins Is Essential for the Assembly of the Photosystems and for Cell Survival in Chlamydomonas

Proteins of the YidC/Oxa1p/ALB3 family play an important role in inserting proteins into membranes of mitochondria, bacteria, and chloroplasts. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, one member of this family, Albino3.1 (Alb3.1), was previously shown to be mainly involved in the assembly of the light-harvesting complex. Here, we show that a second member, Alb3.2, is located in the thylakoid membrane, where it is associated with large molecular weight complexes. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments indicate that Alb3.2 interacts with Alb3.1 and the reaction center polypeptides of photosystem I and II as well as with VIPP1, which is involved in thylakoid formation. Moreover, depletion of Alb3.2 by RNA interference to 25 to 40% of wild-type levels leads to a reduction in photosystems I and II, indicating that the level of Alb3.2 is limiting for the assembly and/or maintenance of these complexes in the thylakoid membrane. Although the levels of several photosynthetic proteins are reduced under these conditions, other proteins are overproduced, such as VIPP1 and the chloroplast chaperone pair Hsp70/Cdj2. These changes are accompanied by a large increase in vacuolar size and, after a prolonged period, by cell death. We conclude that Alb3.2 is required directly or indirectly, through its impact on thylakoid protein biogenesis, for cell survival.
Maximum-Likelihood Estimation of Detector Response for PET Image Reconstruction

An accurate system model is essential for reconstructing high-resolution images. While the system response of a positron emission tomography (PET) system can be measured directly, the process is often difficult to perform and time-consuming. Here we propose a maximum likelihood method for estimating the detector response from projections of a point source at a set of radial locations in the field of view. The detector response functions for all radial bins are estimated simultaneously. No interpolation is required. Compared to the method of direct measurement, the proposed approach requires less measurements and results in sparse system matrix because a factored system matrix is used, which reduces the reconstruction time. We conducted computer simulation to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method
Cooperative Navigation for Mixed Human–Robot Teams Using Haptic Feedback

In this paper, we present a novel cooperative navigation control for human–robot teams. Assuming that a human wants to reach a final location in a large environment with the help of a mobile robot, the robot must steer the human from the initial to the target position. The challenges posed by cooperative human–robot navigation are typically addressed by using haptic feedback via physical interaction. In contrast with that, in this paper, we describe a different approach, in which the human–robot interaction is achieved via wearable vibrotactile armbands. In the proposed work, the subject is free to decide her/his own pace. A warning vibrational signal is generated by the haptic armbands when a large deviation with respect to the desired pose is detected by the robot. The proposed method has been evaluated in a large indoor environment, where 15 blindfolded human subjects were asked to follow the haptic cues provided by the robot. The participants had to reach a target area, while avoiding static and dynamic obstacles. Experimental results revealed that the blindfolded subjects were able to avoid the obstacles and safely reach the target in all of the performed trials. A comparison is provided between the results obtained with blindfolded users and experiments performed with sighted people.
Rater Effects and Attitudinal Barriers Affecting People With Disabilities in Personnel Selection

This study assessed potential barriers of the employment of individuals with disabilities. Participants reviewed the interview notes and resume of a simulated applicant with a disability, along with the job description for a simulated position. Hiring ratings were assigned, followed by a series of measures assessing personality and attitudes toward people with disabilities. Results indicate that variance in both hiring ratings and attitudes differed as a function of individual differences in raters, suggesting that individual differences not only affect attitudes toward individuals with disabilities, but also impact subsequent hiring recommendations. Findings can be used by human resource professionals to eliminate attitudinal barriers in employment of applicants with disabilities, as well as stress the diversification of selection committees.
Contrasting "Complainers" with "Non-Complainers" on Attitude Toward Complaining, Propensity to Complain, and Key Personality Characteristics: A Nomological Look

This study examines the influence of four personality characteristics (self-efficacy, Machiavellianism, perceived control, and risk-taking) on consumer attitude toward complaining and propensity to complain. The proposed model is tested on two groups of consumers classified as “complainers” and “non-complainers. ” The findings reveal that the two groups differ distinctly on the pattern of relationships among the variables. The implications of these differences are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Licensing Indulgence in the Present by Distorting Memories of Past Behavior

In the face of an opportunity to indulge, individuals may consult their memories in order to ascertain whether enough progress has been made toward a self-regulatory goal in order to justify indulgence. This research demonstrates that in such situations, impulsive individuals who possess a regulatory goal are likely to distort memories of past behavior, manufacturing goal progress in order to license indulgence in the present. In four studies, this effect is demonstrated in the domains of eating, spending, and studying, and alternative processes are ruled out. Furthermore, it is shown that perceptions of goal progress drive impulsive (vs. nonimpulsive) people's greater likelihood of engaging in behavior inconsistent with their regulatory goal. These findings provide insights into the domains of goal pursuit, impulsivity, and memory distortion.
Design and Analysis of Bulk Synchronous Medium Access Protocol

Time division multiple access (TDMA) or its assisted method has been considered for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) due to its superior energy performance. Since it offers collision-free medium access, it do es not wastage energy on collisions. No control overhead is incurred as nodes need not contend for the medium. However, T DMA schemes suffer from a high periodic cost to generate collisionfree transmission schedules in a dynamic environment. A lthough this problem can be addressed reasonably well in quasi-static WS Ns, their applicability is still limited because they are not as flexible and robust as carrier sense multiple access (C SMA) protocols. The main difference between the two is that CSMA is a simple trial-and-error approach while TDMA is a more complicated speculative approach. In TDMA, each node speculates on schedule conflicts based on the assumpti on that any two nodes within 2-hop connectivity necessar ily and sufficiently cause collisions. However, this does not hold in a realistic communication environment with obstacles, natural surroundings and changes in communication environment. T hey are highly likely to cause asymmetric links and link-quality variations, and the resultant transmission schedule neither completely eliminates collisions nor u tilizes all available communication opportunities. This paper presen ts Bulk Synchronous Medium Access (BSMA), which is a TDMA algorithm but does not speculate on collisions but jus t tries it, to generate a collision-free transmission s chedule for sink-based WSNs. It is simple and robust, consumes les s energy and helps reduce message latency, particularly for sensor-to-sink traffic.
Resilience and enculturation: Strengths among young offenders with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a lifelong disorder with no cure and is accompanied by neurological deficits. FASD is a health concern that is increasingly gaining attention within the justice system. Research has identified an association between delinquency and prenatal alcohol exposure. This study looked at resources of resilience for young offenders and addressed questions regarding the association between enculturation and resilience, and whether offence histories differed between youth with and without a diagnosis of FASD. Ninety-four young offenders between 13 and 23 years of age participated, 47 diagnosed with FASD and 47 without. While this study was not intended to be a study on Aboriginal adolescence, given the overrepresentation of FASD among Aboriginal youth involved in justice settings, the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) was included to assess levels of enculturation among youth. The Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM) was used to assess resilience. Results showed a positive association between the resilience-enhancing resources and enculturation, indicating that the two are intricately connected. Neither group differed in their rates on the resilience-enhancing resources or the enculturation measure. While the resilience measure was not significantly associated with official conviction data, it did demonstrate significant associations with self-reported offending data. Finally, no significant results emerged to suggest that FASD had an influence on the association between the resilience measure and offence history or the enculturation measure and offence history. Findings suggest the importance of incorporating cultural components into services targeted to produce resilience and positive outcomes, and that different groups may have different service needs.
Development of a Physical Activity Program for Delinquent Out-of-School-Youth: Intervention for Violence

This study aimed mainly at developing the first ever research-based anti youth violence program in Mati City, specifically designed for the target out-of-school-youth group. The descriptive-correlational method of study was utilized to explore the possibilities of having physical activity as an intervention for violence among out-of-school-youth. Data were gathered from 35 out-of-school-youth of Barangay Central, Mati City Davao Oriental, aging from 13-21 years old and who have already incurred a criminal record. The results of this study showed that almost half of the youth with criminal records are minors. The respondents manifested that basketball is the most popular Physical Activity followed by card games and hip hop dance. It is worth taking note of that all dance activities are participated. Furthermore, results revealed that Team sports, have a potential negative correlation to violence which means as the activity increases, violence decreases. Physical activities that will potentially reduce physical aggression are the following: Basketball (r=-0.037; volleyball (r=-0.021); Cheerdance (r=-0.093); and card games (r=-0.006). Individual sports participation showed the highest effect on violence, followed by the socio economic status. Hence, it was highly recommended that the developed program be anchored on physical activities with negative correlation towards violence such as basketball, hip-hop, and cheer dance, and that the developed program is implemented. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2013. v4n9p566
Using Clinical Questions to Structure the Content of a Web-based Information Resource for Primary Care Physicians

The Medical Home Portal is a web site aimed at supporting physicians and families in improving the care and outcomes for children with special health care needs (CSHCN) in the Medical Home model. To optimize access to its information and resources, the content has been structured using XML schemas that incorporate relevant clinical questions. This approach guides authors as they develop content and informs the organization of the site, aimed at assuring that users can readily locate needed information and resources. It will also enable direct access to relevant content via "infobuttons" or a questions-based interface, and extraction of content for use in electronic health records or other electronic media.
Expression of SHV-2 β-Lactamase and of Reduced Amounts of OmpK36 Porin in Klebsiella pneumoniae Results in Increased Resistance to Cephalosporins and Carbapenems

ABSTRACT A Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate was resistant to cefoxitin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftazidime-clavulanate, piperacillin-tazobactam (MICs, >256 μg/ml in all cases), and meropenem (MIC, 16 μg/ml) and was intermediate to imipenem (MIC, 8 μg/ml). Decreased expression of the OmpK36 porin and expression of an SHV-2 β-lactamase contributed to the observed resistance to these β-lactam-containing agents.
Schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni use lysophosphatidylcholine to lyse adherent human red blood cells and immobilize red cell membrane components

Human red blood cells (RBCs) adhere to and are lysed by schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni. We have investigated the mechanism of RBC lysis by comparing the dynamic properties of transmembrane protein and lipid probes in adherent ghost membranes with those in control RBCs and in RBCs treated with various membrane perturbants. Fluorescence photobleaching recovery was used to measure the lateral mobility of two integral membrane proteins, glycophorin and band 3, and two lipid analogues, fluorescein phosphatidylethanolamine (Fl-PE) and carbocyanine dyes, in RBCs and ghosts adherent to schistosomula. Adherent ghosts manifested 95-100% immobilization of both membrane proteins and 45-55% immobilization of both lipid probes. In separate experiments, diamide-induced cross-linking of RBC cytoskeletal proteins slowed transmembrane protein diffusion by 30-40%, without affecting either transmembrane protein fractional mobility or lipid probe lateral mobility. Wheat germ agglutinin- and polylysine-induced cross-linking of glycophorin at the extracellular surface caused 80-95% immobilization of the transmembrane proteins, without affecting the fractional mobility of the lipid probe. Egg lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) induced both lysis of RBCs and a concentration-dependent decrease in the lateral mobility of glycophorin, band 3, and Fl-PE in ghost membranes. At a concentration of 8.4 micrograms/ml, lysoPC caused a pattern of protein and lipid immobilization in RBC ghosts identical to that in ghosts adherent to schistosomula. Schistosomula incubated with labeled palmitate released lysoPC into the culture medium at a rate of 1.5 fmol/h per 10(3) organisms. These data suggest that lysoPC is transferred from schistosomula to adherent RBCs, causing their lysis.
Perceived Appearance-Related Teasing in Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Population-Based Survey

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by perceived defects in one's physical appearance (e.g., facial asymmetry). Cognitive-behavioral models of BDD suggest that several factors, including negative appearance-related beliefs and life experiences, such as teasing, might be related to BDD's unique symptomatology. Research on perceived teasing in BDD is still limited, and the relationships previously found have been based on small sample sizes. In the current study, we investigated perceived appearance-related teasing in the German population (total N = 2,510; BDD group: n = 45; age and gender-matched non-BDD group: n = 45). As expected, the BDD group reported significantly more teasing than did the non-BDD group (40.0% vs 15.6%). Whereas no group difference was obtained regarding the years of age at the first teasing incident, the BDD group remembered the teasing experience more vividly (p = .008) and as more traumatic (p = .002). This study provides further evidence for perceived teasing in BDD.