Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EXPLORING THE VALUE OF PEER FEEDBACK IN AN ESL WRITING CLASS

The study of peer feedback in enhancing learning has been evident in the literature. Notably, its value has left marked improvement in language learning. Although there have been critics about its significance, it undeniably has significant traces in learning. This study looked into the practice of peer feedback implemented during a writing course program that took four weeks to complete. The study aimed to explore learners' perceptions about the practice and the challenges they faced while engaging in peer feedback practices. The study adopted a qualitative approach in which data were obtained from 10 participants' reflective writings collected at the completion of the writing programme. The results indicated that learners found they had a positive experience with the practice because the feedback from peers complemented feedback received from the teacher. Furthermore, the practice provided more opportunities for class interaction between peers, thus making English class more meaningful. However, setbacks like time constraints and students' acceptance of peer comments are challenges that need to be addressed in the future. Nevertheless, peer feedback in ESL classrooms, particularly in writing class, is worth considering in enhancing English language learning experience.
Holographic phase transition and conductivity in three dimensional Lifshitz black hole

In this work we aim at the question of holographic phase transitions and conductivity in two dimensional systems with Lifshitz scaling. We take the gravity side candidate for a dual description as the black hole solution of New Massive Gravity. We aim at the effects due to the Lifshitz scaling in comparison with the relativistic case. The order parameters indicate a second order phase transition. We find as an interesting result a series of peaks in the conductivity for certain values of the frequency. The relevance of such frequencies for real systems is discussed.
Statistical analysis of longitudinal studies

Longitudinal studies play a prominent role in research on growth, change and/or decline in individuals, and in characterising the environmental and social factors which influence change. The essential feature of a longitudinal study is taking repeated measures of an outcome on the same set of individuals at multiple timepoints, thereby allowing investigators to characterise within subject changes during the measurement period. This paper provides an overview of how the basic design features and analysis of longitudinal studies are related to other study designs, including longitudinal clinical trials as well as repeated measures studies. I summarise the use of the linear mixed model as described in Laird and Ware for the analysis of a broad class of designs and present some applications in health and medicine.
Voice activity detection in eco‐acoustic data enables privacy protection and is a proxy for human disturbance

Eco‐acoustic monitoring is increasingly being used to map biodiversity across large scales, yet little thought is given to the privacy concerns and potential scientific value of inadvertently recorded human speech. Automated speech detection is possible using voice activity detection (VAD) models, but it is not clear how well these perform in diverse natural soundscapes. In this study we present the first evaluation of VAD models for anonymization of eco‐acoustic data and demonstrate how speech detection frequency can be used as one potential measure of human disturbance. We first generated multiple synthetic datasets using different data preprocessing techniques to train and validate deep neural network models. We evaluated the performance of our custom models against existing state‐of‐the‐art VAD models using playback experiments with speech samples from a man, woman and child. Finally, we collected long‐term data from a Norwegian forest heavily used for hiking to evaluate the ability of the models to detect human speech and quantify a proxy for human disturbance in a real monitoring scenario. In playback experiments, all models could detect human speech with high accuracy at distances where the speech was intelligible (up to 10 m). We showed that training models using location specific soundscapes in the data preprocessing step resulted in a slight improvement in model performance. Additionally, we found that the number of speech detections correlated with peak traffic hours (using bus timings) demonstrating how VAD can be used to derive a proxy for human disturbance with fine temporal resolution. Anonymizing audio data effectively using VAD models will allow eco‐acoustic monitoring to continue to deliver invaluable ecological insight at scale, while minimizing the risk of data misuse. Furthermore, using speech detections as a proxy for human disturbance opens new opportunities for eco‐acoustic monitoring to shed light on nuanced human–wildlife interactions.
IMMERSED BOUNDARY METHOD FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF REAL SURFACES WITH ISOTROPIC AND ANISOTROPIC ROUGHNESS COMPONENTS

Roughness generally consists of structures that are either oriented anisotropic in directions tangential to the surface or isotropic, or a superposition of both components. Interactions between the roughness elements exert a significant influence on the fluid mechanical losses. Costeffective maintenance of the functionality of the surfaces of aerodynamically relevant components such as blades requires the quantitative prediction of the flow influence, which can be achieved through ReynoldsAveragedNavierStokes Simulations (RANS). An established roughness parameter used to model the influence on the flow is the equivalent sand grain roughness ks. By contrast, the research presented here employs Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) with Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) of channel flows over anisotropic, isotropic, and superimposed surfaces in order to investigate the aerodynamic losses, for example, due to turbulent production and dissipation. The simulation results show that the equivalent sand grain roughness does not correctly predict flow losses from anisotropic and superimposed surfaces, because in reality, the ”angle of attack” with respect to the anisotropic structures changes the turbulence due to altered turbulent production and dissipation. A nonlinear relationship between the flow resistance and this angle of attack is a result of local changes in pressure gradients.
On a Framework for Federated Cluster Analysis

Federated learning is becoming increasingly popular to enable automated learning in distributed networks of autonomous partners without sharing raw data. Many works focus on supervised learning, while the area of federated unsupervised learning, similar to federated clustering, is still less explored. In this paper, we introduce a federated clustering framework that solves three challenges: determine the number of global clusters in a federated dataset, obtain a partition of the data via a federated fuzzy c-means algorithm, and validate the clustering through a federated fuzzy Davies–Bouldin index. The complete framework is evaluated through numerical experiments on artificial and real-world datasets. The observed results are promising, as in most cases the federated clustering framework’s results are consistent with its nonfederated equivalent. Moreover, we embed an alternative federated fuzzy c-means formulation into our framework and observe that our formulation is more reliable in case the data are noni.i. d. , while the performance is on par in the i.i. d. case.
Process Optimization of the Flaring Gas for Field Applications

During petroleum industry operations, burning flammable gas components in the flaring stacks is common, normally a symbol for stable production, but flaring these components creates harmful emissions for the environment. This flaring gas has components with a high quantity of heating power, an important measurement that quantifies the energy that can potentially be obtained from this wasted resource. This paper aims to evaluate the energy usage of the flaring gas, estimating the possible energy produced with this usable resource by modeling a treatment and energy generation process employing the Aspen HYSYS® simulator. The flaring gas is characterized using different models and compositional ranges of natural gas to know what kind of gas it is and identify what type of equipment could be used for treatment and energy generation from this resource. After the gas characterization, the selection of the equipment of treatment and energy generation is necessary; this is done using a multicriteria analysis by taking into consideration the variables of gas composition, electrical efficiency, economic performance, and GHG emissions, ensuring to generate the greatest amount of energy possible to be produced with this flaring gas. By increasing the LHV, 0.95 MMSCF of flared gas of an oilfield in the VMM basin produced 5133 kW, enough energy to supply gas treatment and power generation facilities and four times the total gross consumption energy of a model oilfield in the basin, while the CO2 emissions were reduced 11.4%, and cost savings using this resource instead of diesel were obtained. In conclusion, to minimize flaring and to recover and reuse these waste components, looking for alternatives for the use of this gas-like power generation is an important option that reduces pollutants emission, gives a new source of fuel, and gives an energy usefulness to this wasted resource.
Axial Buckling of Single-walled Nanotubes Simulated by an Atomistic Finite Element Model under Different Temperatures and Boundary Conditions

The buckling behavior of single-walled carbon nanotubes is explored in this research, regardless of the significance of carbon nanotubes in industries, the novelty of the topic, and the ability of the finite element model approach to analyze their ways numerically. This work's primary goal is to examine how single-walled carbon nanotubes' aspect ratio affects compressive buckling force at various boundary conditions. In this regard, two forms of chiralities, such as armchair and zigzag, are taken into consideration while developing an atomic finite element model using Abaqus. The numerical results demonstrate that the critical buckling force will vary depending on the boundary conditions that are applied to the nanotube end and also increasing temperature lead to reduce the buckling load and vice versa. Additionally, the buckling stress of nanotubes increases dramatically in low aspect ratios and only minimally in higher of that by increasing the aspect ratio, or length-to-diameter ratio, of the nanotubes. Additionally, it is shown that by raising the aspect ratio, the zigzag and armchair results overlap each other more at the specified radius.
Ginzburg-Landau Vortices

The mathematics in this book apply directly to classical problems in superconductors, superfluids and liquid crystals. It should be of interest to mathematicians, physicists and engineers working on modern materials research. The text is concerned with the study in two dimensions of stationary solutions uE of a complex valued Ginzburg-Landau equation involving a small parameter E. Such problems are related to questions occuring in physics, such as phase transistion phenomena in superconductors and superfluids. The parameter E has a dimension of a length, which is usually small. Thus, it should be of interest to study the asymptotics as E tends to zero. One of the main results asserts that the limit u* of minimizers uE exists. Moreover, u* is smooth except at a finite number of points called defects or vortices in physics. The number of these defects is exactly the Brouwer degree - or winding number - of the boundary condition. Each singularity has degree one - or, as physicists would say, vortices are quantized. The singularities have infinite energy, but after removing the core energy we are led to a concept of finite renormalized energy. The location of the singularities is completely determined by minimizing the renormalized energy among all possible configurations of defects. The limit u* can also be viewed as a geometrical object. It is a minimizing harmonic map into S1 with prescribed boundary condition g. Topological obstructions imply that every map u into S1 with u=g on the boundary must have infinite energy. Even though u* has infinite energy one can think of u* as having "less" infinite energy than any other map u with u=g on the boundary. The material presented in this book covers mostly recent and original results by the authors. It assumes a moderate knowledge of nonlinear functional analysis, partial differential equations and complex functions. It is designed for researchers and graduate students alike and can be used as a one-semester text.
Origin of the Correlations Between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies

Observations have shown that supermassive black holes in nearby elliptical galaxies correlate tightly with the stellar velocity dispersion (the $\MBH - \sigma$ relation) and the stellar mass (the $\MBH - \Mhost$ relation) of their host spheroids. However, the origin of these correlations remains ambiguous. In a previous paper by Zhu et al., we proposed a model which links the M-$\sigma$ relation to the the dynamical state of the system and the $\MBH - \Mhost$ relation to the self-regulation of galaxy growth. To test this model, we compile a sample of observed galaxies with different properties and examine the dependence of the above correlations on these parameters. We find that galaxies that satisfy the the $\MBH - \sigma$ correlation appear to have reached virial equilibrium, as indicated by the ratio between kinetic energy and gravitational potential, 2K/U $\sim$ 1. Furthermore, the ratio of black hole accretion rate to star formation rate remains nearly constant, BHAR /SFR $\sim$ $10^{-3}$, in active galaxies over a wide range of mass in the redshift range z=0 - 3. These results confirm our theoretical model that the observed correlations have different origins: the $\MBH - \sigma$ relation may result from galaxy relaxation, while the $\MBH$ - $\Mhost$ relation may be due to self-regulated black hole accretion and star formation in galaxies.
A Study on the Development of the Augmented Reality's Maintenance and Repairs Related Safety Manual according to the Risk Analysis of Power Equipment

Purpose: The complexity and safety of power facilities have increased very rapidly, yet efforts are insignificant in ensuring safety according to risks. Hence, the purpose of is, in order to help prevent safety accidents in advance, risk factors are listed through the risk analysis of power facilities, and to develop an augmented reality safety manual according to the improvement of risk scales to ensure the safety by conducting pre-simulation in the field and taking prompt response at the accident site. Method: By enumerating the risk factors simultaneously with the causal analysis for the failure together with the impact of the failure mode of the components forming the power generation facility system for which the design failure mode effect analysis(DFMEA) technique is applied, and by developing the augmented reality (AR) based software ’ s for maintenance and repairs based on the details of improvement as per the level of risk (RPN), the methodology for maintenance and repairs is presented due to the expansion of the infectious diseases in the era of contactless. Results: The development of augmented reality system(software) for maintenance implements the 2D and 3D facility exploded view and work manual, etc., which enable the actual work processes to be performed across various field environments according to emergency situations of power facilities, and the big data based field data, and through acquisition, it would be possible to establish a precision standard maintenance platform. Furthermore, it is expected to have the effect of reducing the costs for accident prevention and maintenance work, and increasing the quality and quantity. Conclusion: Through this study, the safety of electric power facilities and a preventive method in emergency situations are presented. The software development through augmented reality(AR) through the Design Failure Mode Effect Analysis(DFMEA) can help prevent accidents and implement condition based maintenance plans in an integrated system, and hence, a high efficiency can be expected. It is considered that accuracy, reliability, and safety improvement are required in future papers through the addition of risk points and continuous development of diagnostic algorithm libraries.
Development of Enzyme-Based Cosmeceuticals: Studies on the Proteolytic Activity of Arthrospira platensis and Its Efficient Incorporation in a Hydrogel Formulation

Microalgae are a valuable source of enzymes and active ingredients due to their biochemical variability, health-beneficial properties, lower production cost and viability on an industrial scale. In addition, the growing demand for sustainable products constitutes microalgae as a viable resource for the development of a range of innovative products. In the present work, the proteolytic activity of Arthrospira platensis lysate was assessed and characterized using kinetics analysis and zymography employing different substrates, pH values and divalent ions. The results suggest the presence of two main proteolytic enzymes in the lysate. In addition, a rapid and easy purification protocol of the proteolytic activity, under mild conditions, was developed using a polyethyleneglycol (PEG)/phosphate aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). The proteolytic activity of A. platensis lysate was used to develop a hydrogel formulation as an enzyme-based cosmeceutical, with potential application as a topical exfoliating agent. The incorporation of the A. platensis extract in the developed hydrogel formulation significantly improved its operational stability over time, which is a significant advantage in enzyme-based product development.
Intermittency in large scale structures in the universe

I study the weak nonlinear regime of structure formation using high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (S/X) samples of Quasi Stellar Objects" (QSOs) Lya trans­ mission spectra. Using a space-scale decomposition, the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). I show that the field traced by Lya transmission fiux is intermittent on scales less than 2000 km/s. The distribution of the local power of fluctuations is spiky with almost no power between the spikes. This spike-gap-spike feature gets more pro­ nounced on smaller scales (128 — 16 km/s). This feature contradicts the predictions of the correlation hierarchy model on small scales (< 64 km/s). Intermittency renders lower order statistics, like the power spectrum of fluctuations, ineffective in describing an intermittent field and discriminating between various structure formation models. I show that the structure functions and the intermittent exponent are not only able to quantitatively differentiate between different dark matter models but also qual­ itatively describe the nature of non-Gaussianity. The structure functions and the intermittent exponent are powerful tools for describing an intermittent field. Inter­ mittency opens a new window in the study of the nonlinear evolution of structure in the universe.
Remote patient monitoring of central retinal function with MACUSTAT®: A multi-modal macular function scan

Introduction There is significant unmet need for patient-centric remote monitoring of visual function for chronic retinal diseases, as demonstrated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The Macustat® central retinal function scan is a novel cloud-based digital health application for remote monitoring. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of the Macustat® compared to traditional in-office retinal evaluations. Materials and methods Patients with underlying macular pathology underwent office-based retinal and visual acuity examinations and OCT macula imaging followed by remote tele-monitoring assessment with the Macustat. Central visual function was assessed with the multi-modal Macustat test using dynamic virtual Amsler grid testing, hyperacuity perimetry and visual acuity testing. The results were compared to the findings of the in-office comprehensive retina exam and OCT evaluation. Results The foveal acuity potential registered with the Macustat test showed high correlation with the office Snellen acuity potential 96% of eyes registered Macustat acuity within 0.2 LogMAR of office acuity measurement. In Wet AMD eyes with CNV pathology documented on OCT, the Macustat foveal function scan showed a corresponding abnormality in 89% of any CNV eyes and 100% of all visually significant CNV. In normal eyes without any visually significant edema or CNV, more than 92% showed corresponding normal retinal function scan. Conclusion The Macustat demonstrates high concordance with clinical findings using traditional diagnostic devices. Home monitoring with the Macustat® may offer complementary clinical utility as a telehealth tool for the assessment of visual acuity and macular function in patients at high risk for macular disease.
Physical model test and numerical simulation study of cumulative damage to deep tunnel surrounding rock under cyclic blasting load

Cyclic blasting excavation of a deep tunnel frequently disturbs the surrounding rock, and cumulative damage effect will occur in cases multiple blasts are applied. To study the damage evolution trend of tunnel surrounding rock under multiple cyclic blasting load, a self-made physical model test system was used to test cyclic blasting excavation of a tunnel under high in-situ stress. Meanwhile, according to the characteristic that the damage of rock under frequent disturbance will appear cumulative superposition, an improved Bingham creep damage constitutive model was established. The constitutive model was applied to the numerical simulation of tunnel cyclic blasting excavation, and the numerical simulation reproduced the physical model test to study the rock damage evolution laws. The results from the physical model test and the numerical simulation revealed that the process of damage evolution of rock in in-situ stress state under the impact of multiple blasting disturbances had a non-linear cumulative characteristic. In addition, the results also shed light on the relationship between the damage zone expansion and the number of cyclic blast. This paper can provide a reference for studies of the damage evolution in deep rock under blasting impact.
Spectroscopic, structural and thermal study of Y(OH)3microstructures synthesized by hydrothermal method: effect of the reaction time

Rare earth hydroxides have a wide variety of applications due to their interesting optical and magnetic properties. Specifically, yttrium hydroxide Y(OH)3 is an essential compound of rare earth hydroxides that can be used in areas such as electronics and chemistry due to its optical and structural properties. In this work Y(OH)3 was synthesized under nine reaction times (2–24 h) using the hydrothermal method in order to analyze the morphology evolution process that the Y(OH)3 follow to obtain the expected bar morphology. Also, a characterization study of Y(OH)3 through several techniques such as x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, infrared, Raman and UV-Vis spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry is presented. The obtained samples in every reaction time were compared on phase purity, particle size and shape, and spectroscopic and thermal properties. It was concluded that the reaction time has an important effect in obtaining yttrium hydroxide using the hydrothermal method. During the study, the optimal time to obtain only Y(OH)3 was evaluated, as well as the evolution of the morphology over time. At 12 hours, only Y(OH)3is obtained, therefore this time is proposed as the optimal time.