Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Thermomechanical Properties and Morphology of an Epoxy Resin Thermally Conductive Adhesive under Different Curing Conditions

An epoxy resin thermally conductive adhesive is a type of thermosetting polymer encapsulation material that exhibits comprehensive performance, and the thermomechanical properties of this adhesive vary significantly under different curing conditions. In this paper, spherical alumina was used as a filler for thermal conductivity to prepare an epoxy resin thermal conductivity adhesive using a multistage freezing mixing method. The effects of various curing conditions on the thermal–mechanical properties and fracture morphology of the epoxy resin thermal conductivity adhesive were studied. The results showed that the curing condition of 150 °C/2.5 h significantly improved the performance of the epoxy resin thermally conductive adhesive. Through the shear test of the composite material, the influence of the curing agent on the adhesion of the thermally conductive adhesive under fixed conditions was explored. It was found that the curing agent with a superbranched structure exhibited latent properties and greatly enhanced the toughness of the cured epoxy resin product. Altering the curing conditions increases the shear strength by up to 307%. With the increase in curing temperature and the extension of curing temperature, the glass transition temperature gradually increased from 103.9 to 159.8 °C. The initial decomposition temperature TIDT gradually increased from 295.4 to 310.1 °C, and the temperature at which the fastest decomposition rate occurs (Tmax) gradually increased from 312.48 to 330.33 °C. The thermal stability of the substance increased with both temperature and time. The curing time and curing temperature were increased, and the morphology of the fracture of the epoxy resin thermally conductive adhesive cured sample gradually showed a ductile fracture from a typical brittle fracture. The research results reveal the influence of curing conditions on the thermal conductivity and thermal stability of the epoxy resin thermally conductive adhesive, which has a specific reference value for improving the performance of the epoxy resin thermally conductive adhesive, optimizing its usage conditions, and improving production efficiency.
Evaluation of crush and abrasion phenomena in cobble gravels during transport in mountain rivers

Although the crush and abrasion phenomena associated with the downstream flow of riverbed gravel have long been studied, they still present a challenge. The crush and abrasion phenomena of gravel are not considered in river channel and erosion control plans in Japan. However, evaluating the crush and abrasion phenomena of gravel that flows down from mountain rivers is important from the viewpoint of the integrated management of sediment in a watershed. Thus, we conducted rotation crush and abrasion tests on nine cobble gravel rock types, 〜 200 mm in diameter, which are normally distributed in mountain rivers, and determined the characteristics of the weight reduction rate ( β r ) of cobble gravel by rock type and the grain size distribution of the sediment particles produced. Then, we conducted channel crush and abrasion tests to convert the crush and abrasion phenomena associated with the rotational movement of cobble gravel into those associated with the downstream flow of gravel in mountain rivers. The result of comparing the rates of weight reduction ( β r and β s ) of cobble gravel in both tests showed that the rate of weight reduction ( β r ) associated with rotation can be converted to the rate of weight reduction ( β s ) closer to the downstream flow of cobble gravel in mountain rivers by multiplying the conversion rate α ＊ with the rotation-associated crush and abrasion coefficient α r using Sternberg’s law.
Evaluation of Parameters Affecting Agrobacterium-Mediated Transient Gene Expression in Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

Industrial hemp Cannabis sativa L. is an economically important crop mostly grown for its fiber, oil, and seeds. Due to its increasing applications in the pharmaceutical industry and a lack of knowledge of gene functions in cannabinoid biosynthesis pathways, developing an efficient transformation platform for the genetic engineering of industrial hemp has become necessary to enable functional genomic and industrial application studies. A critical step in the development of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation in the hemp genus is the establishment of optimal conditions for T-DNA gene delivery into different explants from which whole plantlets can be regenerated. As a first step in the development of a successful Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method for hemp gene editing, the factors influencing the successful T-DNA integration and expression (as measured by transient β-glucuronidase (GUS) and Green Florescent Protein (GFP) expression) were investigated. In this study, the parameters for an agroinfiltration system in hemp, which applies to the stable transformation method, were optimized. In the present study, we tested different explants, such as 1- to 3-week-old leaves, cotyledons, hypocotyls, root segments, nodal parts, and 2- to 3-week-old leaf-derived calli. We observed that the 3-week-old leaves were the best explant for transient gene expression. Fully expanded 2- to 3-week-old leaf explants, in combination with 30 min of immersion time, 60 µM silver nitrate, 0.5 µM calcium chloride, 150 µM natural phenolic compound acetosyringone, and a bacterial density of OD600nm = 0.4 resulted in the highest GUS and GFP expression. The improved method of genetic transformation established in the present study will be useful for the introduction of foreign genes of interest, using the latest technologies such as genome editing, and studying gene functions that regulate secondary metabolites in hemp.
Neurourology and Urodynamics

Funding information NIHR Programme Grants for Applied Research, Grant/Award Number: RP‐PG‐ 0610‐10078 Abstract Aims: To determine a safe bactericidal cleaning method that does not damage urethral catheters used for intermittent catheterization. In some countries, single‐use catheters are the norm; in others, the reuse of catheters is common depending on health insurance, personal preference, or individual concerns about the environment. However, no recent study of cleaning methods has been published to provide evidence for the safe reuse of catheters. Methods: Using advanced microbiological methods, a laboratory study of eight cleaning methods was conducted. Sections of uncoated polyvinylchloride (PVC) catheters were exposed to bacterial uropathogens in physiologically correct artificial urine media then tested with a range of heat, chemical, and mechanical cleaning methods. Analysis of culturable and viable but nonculturable (VBNC) bacteria was done and direct microscopy was used. Descriptive statistics were used to compare values. Results: Heat treatments, although effective, resulted in catheter surface breakdown and damage. Ultrasonic cleaning and vinegar showed evidence of VBNC populations indicating the methods were bacteriostatic. Detergent and water wash followed by immersion in a commercially available 0.6% sodium hypochlorite solution and 16.5% sodium chloride (diluted Milton) gave consistent bactericidal results and no visible catheter damage. Conclusions: Combined mechanical and chemical treatment of a detergent and water wash followed by immersion in diluted Milton (the “Milton Method”) provided consistent and effective cleaning of uncoated PVC catheters, showing bactericidal action for all uropathogens tested after repeated exposure. If found safe in clinical testing, this method could increase the reuse of catheters, reduce plastic waste in the environment, reduce cost, and increase patient choice.
Adipose Tissue in Breast Cancer Microphysiological Models to Capture Human Diversity in Preclinical Models

Female breast cancer accounts for 15.2% of all new cancer cases in the United States, with a continuing increase in incidence despite efforts to discover new targeted therapies. With an approximate failure rate of 85% for therapies in the early phases of clinical trials, there is a need for more translatable, new preclinical in vitro models that include cellular heterogeneity, extracellular matrix, and human-derived biomaterials. Specifically, adipose tissue and its resident cell populations have been identified as necessary attributes for current preclinical models. Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) and mature adipocytes are a normal part of the breast tissue composition and not only contribute to normal breast physiology but also play a significant role in breast cancer pathophysiology. Given the recognized pro-tumorigenic role of adipocytes in tumor progression, there remains a need to enhance the complexity of current models and account for the contribution of the components that exist within the adipose stromal environment to breast tumorigenesis. This review article captures the current landscape of preclinical breast cancer models with a focus on breast cancer microphysiological system (MPS) models and their counterpart patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models to capture patient diversity as they relate to adipose tissue.
Beyond Faces: A Novel Approach to Deepfake Detection and Classification

As the proliferation of deepfake technology poses an escalating threat across diverse domains, this research paper introduces a groundbreaking methodology titled "Beyond Faces: A Novel Approach to Deepfake Detection and Classification. " Unlike traditional approaches that predominantly focus on facial manipulation, our unique framework delves into uncharted territories by scrutinizing non-facial elements within deepfakes. This paper outlines the evolution of deepfake technology, emphasizing the need for advanced detection methods beyond facial features. The research details a comprehensive methodology, incorporating cutting-edge machine learning techniques and extending the scope beyond conventional modalities. Through rigorous experimentation and evaluation, our results reveal the efficacy of our approach, ushering in a new era of deepfake detection that addresses previously unexplored dimensions. This contribution aims to redefine the landscape of deepfake security, offering insights and advancements crucial for safeguarding against evolving threats.
Advancements in Brain Research: The In Vivo/In Vitro Electrochemical Detection of Neurochemicals

Neurochemicals, crucial for nervous system function, influence vital bodily processes and their fluctuations are linked to neurodegenerative diseases and mental health conditions. Monitoring these compounds is pivotal, yet the intricate nature of the central nervous system poses challenges. Researchers have devised methods, notably electrochemical sensing with micro-nanoscale electrodes, offering high-resolution monitoring despite low concentrations and rapid changes. Implantable sensors enable precise detection in brain tissues with minimal damage, while microdialysis-coupled platforms allow in vivo sampling and subsequent in vitro analysis, addressing the selectivity issues seen in other methods. While lacking temporal resolution, techniques like HPLC and CE complement electrochemical sensing’s selectivity, particularly for structurally similar neurochemicals. This review covers essential neurochemicals and explores miniaturized electrochemical sensors for brain analysis, emphasizing microdialysis integration. It discusses the pros and cons of these techniques, forecasting electrochemical sensing’s future in neuroscience research. Overall, this comprehensive review outlines the evolution, strengths, and potential applications of electrochemical sensing in the study of neurochemicals, offering insights into future advancements in the field.
Designing Gold Nanoparticles for Precise Glioma Treatment: Challenges and Alternatives

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a glioma and the most aggressive type of brain tumor with a dismal average survival time, despite the standard of care. One promising alternative therapy is boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), which is a noninvasive therapy for treating locally invasive malignant tumors, such as glioma. BNCT involves boron-10 isotope capturing neutrons to form boron-11, which then releases radiation directly into tumor cells with minimal damage to healthy tissues. This therapy lacks clinically approved targeted blood–brain-barrier-permeating delivery vehicles for the central nervous system (CNS) entry of therapeutic boron-10. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are selective and effective drug-delivery vehicles because of their desirable properties, facile synthesis, and biocompatibility. This review discusses biomedical/therapeutic applications of GNPs as a drug delivery vehicle, with an emphasis on their potential for carrying therapeutic drugs, imaging agents, and GBM-targeting antibodies/peptides for treating glioma. The constraints of GNP therapeutic efficacy and biosafety are discussed.
Improving Respiratory Muscle Strength and Overall Function in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease Through Rehabilitation Hospitals

Background The prevalence of respiratory sarcopenia and its effect on respiratory muscle strength (RMS) in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), who are transferred to a convalescent rehabilitation hospital after acute care and require continuous cardiac rehabilitation (CR), is currently unclear. This study aimed to assess changes in RMS, physical function, and activities of daily living (ADL) before and after CR performed in a rehabilitation hospital. Methods Of 50 consecutive patients transferred to a rehabilitation hospital for ongoing CR, 30 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP, respectively) were measured at transfer, and patients with decreased RMS were diagnosed with respiratory sarcopenia. RMS, physical function, exercise tolerance, ADL ability, and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) were measured and compared at transfer and discharge. Results The prevalence of respiratory sarcopenia at the time of transfer to the rehabilitation hospital was 93.3%. RMS assessments at transfer and discharge demonstrated significant improvements in %MIP (from 46.3±26.1% to 63.6±33.7%) and %MEP (from 44.8±17.3% to 56.6±21.8%). Short physical performance battery, gait speed, handgrip strength, and knee extension muscle strength significantly improved, along with significant prolongation of 6-min walking distance as a measure of exercise tolerance. ADL assessment using the functional independence measure revealed significant improvement, as did HR-QoL assessed according to the five-dimension, five-level, EuroQoL instrument, following CR. Conclusions Although respiratory sarcopenia was highly prevalent among patients with CVD who required transfer to a rehabilitation hospital after acute care, continuous CR significantly improved RMS, ADL, physical function, and exercise tolerance. These findings support the continued expansion of CR, particularly in dedicated rehabilitation hospitals.
Enhancing COVID-19 Detection: An Xception-Based Model with Advanced Transfer Learning from X-ray Thorax Images

Rapid and precise identification of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is pivotal for effective patient care, comprehending the pandemic’s trajectory, and enhancing long-term patient survival rates. Despite numerous recent endeavors in medical imaging, many convolutional neural network-based models grapple with the expressiveness problem and overfitting, and the training process of these models is always resource-intensive. This paper presents an innovative approach employing Xception, augmented with cutting-edge transfer learning techniques to forecast COVID-19 from X-ray thorax images. Our experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed model surpasses the predictive accuracy of established models in the domain, including Xception, VGG-16, and ResNet. This research marks a significant stride toward enhancing COVID-19 detection through a sophisticated and high-performing imaging model.
Exploring relational aggression and gender dynamics: a global and Indonesian perspective

Girls generally use less physical aggression than boys. However, does this mean that girls are more likely to use relational aggression. With this question in mind, our study aims to analyze the relational aggression of students in Indonesia based on gender. This type of research used is comparative research. The sample in this study was 510 respondents consisting of 19.6% male and 80.4% female. The relational aggression scale (RAS) was used to collect data on student relational aggression in various regions in Indonesia. The analysis technique used is descriptive and differences with the Welch test. The results show that there are significant differences in male and female relational aggression, with an average score difference of -0.30 logit between men and women. In addition, there are fluctuations in the level of relational aggression in the context of gender from year to year in some countries, such as the United States, China, Australia, and others. Recommendations for future research are to integrate a more in-depth social and cultural analysis in Indonesia.
User Acceptance and Adoption of the Digital Management Information System by focusing on E-Learning System in Institute of Distance Education (IDE) at the University of Zambia (UNZA)

Digital transformation is conquering the world with a tremendous speed in every aspect of society and education is one important area. This fast advancement in technology is occurring in both the developed and developing societies. As a result, we see e-learning platforms extensively used and make the learning process continue in universities and education institutions almost uninterrupted, despite the restrictions of social interaction by governments during the covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the User Acceptance and Adoption of the Digital Management Information System by focusing on E-Learning System in IDE at UNZA. The study was conducted on the students and lecturers who used the System at the IDE at UNZA. A google questionnaire was sent to the students in their groups and 271 participants answered the questionnaire successfully and this became the sample for the study. Data was analyzed using SPSS where the correlation and multi-variant Regression Analysis Model were used to help understand the data. The study found that the Social Influence (β= .657), was mostly significant in influencing User Acceptance Adoption of the System, seconded by Performance Expectancy ( and Effort Expectancy’s (. The study concludes that all the constructs are positively related to the acceptance and adoption of the E-Learning System. However, Social Influence is the most influenced factor User Acceptance Adoption of the E-Learning System at the University of Zambia when compared to the other constructs. This conclusion has added to the arguments which have found other factors like PE and EE to be factors affecting BI for the adoption of IT systems in other countries. The study recommended that the University of Zambia should link E- Learning system with the online library to assist student get the recommended resources. This can be done by adding a fee to facilitate which will help cater for the running costs while students and lecturers maximize the use of the system.
The Richards Bay Clean Air Association : a case study for success in participatory air quality management

Increasing population growth and rapid urbanisation in South Africa's major centres have resulted in a race for geographical space. The proximity of residential areas to industries is decreasing, and with this, the concern for air quality impacts on people's health. More stringent regulations and the roll-out of atmospheric emission licenses have attempted to curb this concern, at least from a legislative perspective, by limiting the levels of exposure to potentially harmful pollutants. However, implementation, accountability and active community involvement remain a problem in many areas across the country. Nevertheless, success stories in which public and private entities work together for better air quality management, do exist and offer an opportunity for learning. Established 17 years ago in response to a concern for the health of people living and working in Richards Bay, the Richards Bay Clean Air Association (RBCAA) brings together industry, government and the community with the common goals of improving air quality in the region and encouraging polluters to take responsibility for their actions. The tried and tested formula, and long term success of the RBCAA is a demonstration of the fact that integrated air quality management is not limited to the local authority and is better accomplished as a collective. This paper outlines the strengths and common obstacles faced by the RBCAA, with the goal of showcasing a template for success in unlocking clean air opportunities for all.
Effects of plant post-fire persistence traits on soil microbial biomass and activity in Mediterranean shrublands

Dehydrogenase activity Microbial biomass Resprouter species Seeder species Soil basal respiration Water soluble carbon The strong relationships between plant and soil microbial communities suggest that post-fire vegetation may be a critical driver of the post-fire recovery of the structure and functioning of the soil microbial community. In this study, we conducted an experimental burning and evaluated the effect of the post-fire persistence traits of the vegetation (resprouter and seeder) on the medium-term (3 years after fire) post-fire response of the soil microbial activity in Mediterranean shrublands. The experiment was carried out in a Mediterranean shrubland (Eastern Spain), where four main types of microsites were selected: Bare-soil inter-patch (BS); Resprouter patch (R), Seeder patch (S), and Mixed patch (R+S). For each microsite, we analyzed soil basal respiration, water-soluble carbon, microbial biomass carbon, total organic carbon, and dehydrogenase activity at 0-5 cm soil depth. We also assessed plant cover dynamics. Our results suggest that, in general, fire impacts on soil microbial activity are not long-lasting, with most assessed soil variables being similar between burned and unburned areas three years after the fire. However, while the unburned microsites showed a trend in microbial biomass and activity from lower values in bare soils to higher values in R+S patches, these differences disappeared in the burned area, due to both a slight increase in microbial activity and biomass in bare soils, and the opposite response for soils under R+S patches. Our results highlight the role of the plant persistence trait in the microbial post-fire response of Mediterranean soils.