Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Security Patterns to Model and Analyze Security Requirements

Recently, there has been growing interest in identifying patterns for the domain of system security, termed security patterns. Currently, those patterns lack comprehensive structure that conveys essential information inherent to security engineering. This paper describes research into investigating an appropriate template for security patterns that is tailored to meet the needs of secure systems development. In order to maximize comprehensibility, we make use of well-known notations such as the Unified Modeling Language (UML) to represent structural and behavioral information. Furthermore, we investigate how verification of requirements properties can be enabled by adding formal constraints to the patterns.
Emotional video ranking based on user comments

Nowadays, a lot of people post various contents to the video sharing services. To find good contents, it is necessary something high-quality content search and contents classification method, and the method should understand user's taste and user's context. In this paper, we propose a ranking method based on viewer's comments, especially amount of "funny" feelings comments given by consumer. We also evaluate the questionnaire for our method. Our proposed method is assumed to be applicable to all types of content, if it given a lot of comments from people.
Stressing Microarchitectures Through Custom Benchmark Synthesis

Estimating the maximum power and thermal characteristics of a processor is essential for designing its power delivery system, packaging, cooling, and power/thermal management schemes. Typical benchmark suites used in performance evaluation do not stress the processor to its limit though, and current practice in industry is to develop artificial benchmarks that are specifically written to generate maximum processor (component) activity. However, manually developing and tuning so called stressmarks is extremely tedious and time-consuming while requiring an intimate understanding of the processor. A synthetic program that can be tuned to produce a variety of benchmark characteristics would significantly help in addressing this problem by enabling the automatic exploration of the large temperature and power design space. This paper demonstrates that with a suitable choice of only 40 hardware-independent program characteristics related to the instruction mix, instruction-level parallelism, control flow behavior, and memory access patterns, it is possible to generate a synthetic benchmark whose performance relates to that of general-purpose and commercial applications. Leveraging this abstract workload modeling approach, we propose StressMaker, a framework that uses machine learning for the automated generation of stressmarks. A comparison with an exhaustive exploration of a large power design space demonstrates that StressMaker is very effective in automatically generating stressmarks in a limited amount of time.
Folia Linguistica

This paper presents the results of a project designed to functionally test the mutual intelligibility of spoken Maltese, Tunisian Arabic, and Benghazi Libyan Arabic. We compiled an audio-based intelligibility test consisting of three components: a word test where the respondents were asked to perform a semantic classification task with 11 semantic categories, a sentence test where the task was to provide a translation of a sentence into the respondent’s native language, and a text test where a short text was listened to twice and the respondents were asked to answer 8 multiple-choice questions. Data were *Corresponding author: Slavomír Čéplö, Institute of the Czech National Corpus, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, Panská 890/7, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic, E-mail: bulbul@bulbul.sk Ján Bátora, Sonic Studio s.r. o. , Ružová dolina 6, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia, E-mail: jan.batora@sonic.sk Adam Benkato, Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Jägerstraße 22/23, 10117 Berlin, Germany, E-mail: benkato@gmail.com Jiří Milička, Institute of Comparative Linguistics, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, Celetná 20, 116 42 Prague 1, Czech Republic, E-mail: milicka@centrum.cz Christophe Pereira, INALCO Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales, 65, Rue des Grands Moulins, 75013 Paris, France, E-mail: christophe.pereira@inalco.fr Petr Zemánek, Institute of Comparative Linguistics, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, Celetná 20, 116 42 Prague 1, Czech Republic, E-mail: petr.zemanek@ff.cuni. cz The names of co-authors are listed alphabetically. The contribution by individual authors is as follows: Adam Benkato prepared the Libyan test data, conducted field research in Benghazi, and evaluated the results; Christophe Pereira prepared the Tunisian test data, conducted field research in Tunisia, and evaluated the results; Ján Bátora designed and wrote the test application LingTest, Jiří Milička and Petr Zemánek assisted with the analysis and interpretation of data, and Slavomír Čéplö designed the experiment, assisted with the design of LingTest, prepared Maltese data, conducted field research in Malta, evaluated, analyzed and interpreted the results, and wrote the paper. As such, Slavomír Čéplö assumes full responsibility for any and all errors. Folia Linguistica 2016; 50(2): 583–628
Modeling and application of discrete system for HBV infection

Discrete events are more practical than continuous systems for describing biological dynamics. This study proposes a discrete model to describe hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection dynamics. The proposed discrete difference system is more reasonable than the previous differential equation models. This system has an infection free equilibrium point Q 1 and an endemic equilibrium Q2. A basic virus reproductive number R0 independent on the number of total cells of an infected target organ is deduced. Using the linearized stability theorem shows that if R0 <; 1, the virus free equilibrium point Q1 is locally stable. Based on the original experiment data of a chimpanzee, using MATLAB and C++ mixed programming simulates the dynamic of acutely HBV infection. The simulation results are good in agreement with the experiment data.
Trusted Computing: Security and Applications

Abstract The main objective of this paper is to highlight some of the major security and application issues confronting trusted computing technology. This technology—now present in a large proportion of new PCs and incorporating a wide range of cryptographic functionality—has the potential to have a major practical impact, but it has not been widely discussed. This paper is an attempt to encourage greater debate about this technology and its possible implications. Following a brief introduction to the history of trusted computing, we provide a summary of its main features. This leads naturally to a consideration of the issues that may impede its use, including potential problems with its cryptographic components. Possible applications of the technology are then discussed.
Negative Selection by an Endogenous Retrovirus Promotes a Higher-Avidity CD4+ T Cell Response to Retroviral Infection

Effective T cell responses can decisively influence the outcome of retroviral infection. However, what constitutes protective T cell responses or determines the ability of the host to mount such responses is incompletely understood. Here we studied the requirements for development and induction of CD4+ T cells that were essential for immunity to Friend virus (FV) infection of mice, according to their TCR avidity for an FV-derived epitope. We showed that a self peptide, encoded by an endogenous retrovirus, negatively selected a significant fraction of polyclonal FV-specific CD4+ T cells and diminished the response to FV infection. Surprisingly, however, CD4+ T cell-mediated antiviral activity was fully preserved. Detailed repertoire analysis revealed that clones with low avidity for FV-derived peptides were more cross-reactive with self peptides and were consequently preferentially deleted. Negative selection of low-avidity FV-reactive CD4+ T cells was responsible for the dominance of high-avidity clones in the response to FV infection, suggesting that protection against the primary infecting virus was mediated exclusively by high-avidity CD4+ T cells. Thus, although negative selection reduced the size and cross-reactivity of the available FV-reactive naïve CD4+ T cell repertoire, it increased the overall avidity of the repertoire that responded to infection. These findings demonstrate that self proteins expressed by replication-defective endogenous retroviruses can heavily influence the formation of the TCR repertoire reactive with exogenous retroviruses and determine the avidity of the response to retroviral infection. Given the overabundance of endogenous retroviruses in the human genome, these findings also suggest that endogenous retroviral proteins, presented by products of highly polymorphic HLA alleles, may shape the human TCR repertoire that reacts with exogenous retroviruses or other infecting pathogens, leading to interindividual heterogeneity.
Answering English questions by computer: a survey

Fifteen experimental English language question-answering I systems which are programmed and operating are described ) arid reviewed. The systems range from a conversation machine ~] to programs which make sentences about pictures and systems s~ which translate from English into logical calculi. Systems are ~ classified as list-structured data-based, graphic data-based, ~! text-based and inferential. Principles and methods of opera~4 tions are detailed and discussed. It is concluded that the data-base question-answerer has > passed from initial research into the early developmental ~. 4 phase. The most difficult and important research questions for ~i~ the advancement of general-purpose language processors are seen to be concerned with measuring meaning, dealing with ambiguities, translating into formal languages and searching large tree structures.
Natural scene statistics at stereo fixations

We conducted eye tracking experiments on naturalistic stereo images presented through a haploscope, and found that fixated luminance contrast and luminance gradient were generally higher than randomly selected luminance contrast and luminance gradient, which agrees with previous literatures. However we also found that the fixated disparity contrast and disparity gradient were generally lower than randomly selected disparity contrast and disparity gradient. We discuss the implications of this remarkable result.
Morphogen transport

The graded distribution of morphogens underlies many of the tissue patterns that form during development. How morphogens disperse from a localized source and how gradients in the target tissue form has been under debate for decades. Recent imaging studies and biophysical measurements have provided evidence for various morphogen transport models ranging from passive mechanisms, such as free or hindered extracellular diffusion, to cell-based dispersal by transcytosis or cytonemes. Here, we analyze these transport models using the morphogens Nodal, fibroblast growth factor and Decapentaplegic as case studies. We propose that most of the available data support the idea that morphogen gradients form by diffusion that is hindered by tortuosity and binding to extracellular molecules.
Neural mechanisms for combinatorial semantics in language and vision: Evidence from fMRI, patients, and brain stimulation

Throughout our daily experience, humans make nearly constant use of semantic knowledge. Over the last 20-30 years, the majority of work on the neural basis of semantic memory has examined the representation of semantic categories (e.g., animate versus inanimate). However, a defining aspect of human cognition is the ability to integrate this stored semantic information to form complex combinations of concepts. For example, humans can comprehend “plaid” and “jacket” as separate concepts, but can also effortlessly integrate this information to create the idea of a “plaid jacket. ” This process is essential to human cognition, but little work has examined the neural regions that underlie conceptual combination. Many models of semantic memory have proposed that convergence zones, or neural hubs, help to integrate the semantic features of word meaning to form coherent representations from stored semantic knowledge. However, few studies have specifically examined the integrative semantic functions that these high-level hub regions carry out. This thesis presents three experiments that examine lexical-semantic combinatorial processing (as in the “plaid jacket” example above): 1) a study in healthy adults using fMRI, 2) a study in healthy adults using brain stimulation, and 3) a study examining impairments of lexical-semantic integration in patients with neurodegenerative disease. The fourth and final experiment of this thesis examines semantic aspects of combinatorial codes for visual-object representation. This study identifies neural regions that encode the feature combinations that define an object’s meaning. The findings from these four experiments elucidate specific cortical hubs for semantic-feature integration during language comprehension and visual-object processing, and they advance our understanding of the role of heteromodal brain regions in semantic memory. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Neuroscience First Advisor Murray Grossman
An Efficient Phasiness Reduction Technique for Moderate Audio Time-scale Modification

Phase vocoder approaches to time-scale modification of audio introduce a reverberant/phasy artifact into the time-scaled output due to a loss in phase coherence between short-time Fourier transform (STFT) bins. Recent improvements to the phase vocoder have reduced the presence of this artifact, however, it remains a problem. A method of time-scaling is presented that results in a further reduction in phasiness, for moderate time-scale factors, by taking advantage of some flexibility that exists in the choice of phase required so as to maintain horizontal phase coherence between related STFT bins. Furthermore, the approach leads to a reduction in computational load within the range of time-scaling factors for which phasiness is reduced.
In vivo measurement of aromatase inhibition by letrozole (CGS 20267) in postmenopausal patients with breast cancer.

Thirteen postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer were enrolled in an open randomized Phase I trial of a new p.o. active aromatase inhibitor, CGS 20267 (letrozole). The primary aim of the trial was to assess the impact of two doses of letrozole (0.5 and 2. 5 mg/day) on the peripheral aromatization of androstenedione to estrone. An in vivo isotopic technique was used to measure peripheral aromatization in each patient before treatment. The patients were then randomly assigned to one of the two doses, and measurements of aromatization were repeated after 6 weeks. At 0.5 mg and 2.5 mg/day, letrozole inhibited aromatization by 98.4% (97.3 to >99.1) and >98.9% (98.5 to >99.1; geometric means and ranges), respectively. Plasma estrogen levels were also measured before and during treatment. At the dose of 0.5 mg/day estrone and estradiol levels fell by 82.0% and 84.1% (geometric means), respectively. At the dose of 2.5 mg/ day, the estrogens fell by 80.8% and 68.1%, respectively. There were no significant differences between the doses in aromatase inhibition. No formal statistical analysis was performed on the estrogen data. Letrozole is therefore a highly effective inhibitor of aromatase, causing near complete inhibition of the enzyme in peripheral tissues at the doses investigated. The falls in estrogen levels were greater than those seen with earlier generation aromatase inhibitors.
Coping with WORDNET sense proliferation

WORDNET makes a great number of fine-grained word sense distinctions. However, what could be seen as an advantage has often been considered a problem from a computational point of view. A great number of sense distinctions makes harder the problem of word sense disambiguation. One way to face this issue is reducing the number of senses, for example by grouping them into equivalence classes which abstract on some aspects of the meanings of words. In this paper we will try a different approach. Although we recognize that some sense distinctions in WORDNET are dubious, we prefer to keep the semantic richness of WORDNET and to make some proposals to extend it in order to make the task of word sense disambiguation easier.
Language policy, planning, and enactment: the necessity and empowering potential at the local level

ABSTRACT An initiative termed “Global 30 Project for Establishing Core Universities for Internationalization” (hereafter G30) in Japan aims for the recruitment of an additional 300,000 international students by 2020 to study in Japan in English, and also aims to send many more Japanese university students overseas than are now studying outside Japan. There are a number of related substantive issues involving globalization, academic mobility, and the development of an active global-minded citizenry through higher education that are inextricably linked in this paper to research how key educational stakeholders at the micro (hereafter local) levels of foreign-English language policy and planning (hereafter ELPP), such as teachers, through their agency as policy-planners, enact language policy, and planning at a private university in Japan. A quasi-ethnographic approach to data sources, interviewing, historical documentation, observations, and narrative will be used to help explore the higher educational experiences and expectations of these stakeholders, and how these experiences and expectations contribute to perceptions and attitudes related to issues of curriculum planning and enactment, with particular regard to how ELPP does or does not connect to higher education internationalization–globalization efforts in Japan. We underline the importance of gathering key local-level stakeholders’ understandings and support of ELPP, as these agents are potential enablers of both macro (hereafter national) and higher educating meso (hereafter institutional)-level innovation and change.
Ezrin-anchored PKA Coordinates Phosphorylation-dependent Disassembly of a NHERF1 Ternary Complex to Regulate Hormone-sensitive Phosphate Transport

Background: Some inherited defects in NHERF1 are associated with high phosphate (Pi) excretion and skeletal abnormalities. Results: NHERF1 forms a multi-protein complex with Npt2a and ezrin. Mutants fail to assemble this ternary complex. Conclusion: The NHERF1 ternary complex is required for PTH-sensitive Pi transport. Significance: NHERF1 mutations may cause disease processes through structural changes that prevent assembly of multi-protein complexes. with HA-PTHR, Flag-NHERF1, Flag-L110V-NHERF1, Flag-R153Q-NHERF1, or Flag-E225K-NHERF1. 48 h after transfection Flag-tagged proteins were immunoprecipitated (IP). The precipitated protein was immunoblotted (IB) with HA antibody. Data are representative of 3 independent experiments. E , OKH cells were transfected with empty vector, wild-type NHERF1 or mutated NHERF1. Cell surface binding of 125 I-PTH(1-34) was measured as described in Experimental Procedures. Data are summarized as the mean ± S.E. of triplicate determinations. F , OKH cells were transfected with wild-type NHERF1 or mutated forms of NHERF1. Cells were treated with 100 nM PTH for 15 min and cAMP accumulation was measured as described in Experimental Procedures. Data are summarized as the mean ± SEM ( n = 4).
Implementing autonomic administration DSLs in TUNe

Software components are recognized as the most adequate approach to support autonomic administration systems. We implemented and experimented with such a system, but observed that the interfaces of a component model are too low-level and difficult to use. Consequently, we designed higher abstraction level languages for modeling administration policies. These languages are specific to our autonomic administration domain. We metamodeled and implemented these DSLs on the
Discovery of Glycine Hydrazide Pore-occluding CFTR Inhibitors

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein is a cAMP-regulated epithelial Cl− channel that, when defective, causes cystic fibrosis. Screening of a collection of 100,000 diverse small molecules revealed four novel chemical classes of CFTR inhibitors with Ki < 10 μM, one of which (glycine hydrazides) had many active structural analogues. Analysis of a series of synthesized glycine hydrazide analogues revealed maximal inhibitory potency for N-(2-naphthalenyl) and 3,5-dibromo-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl substituents. The compound N-(2-naphthalenyl)-[(3,5-dibromo-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]glycine hydrazide (GlyH-101) reversibly inhibited CFTR Cl− conductance in <1 min. Whole-cell current measurements revealed voltage-dependent CFTR block by GlyH-101 with strong inward rectification, producing an increase in apparent inhibitory constant Ki from 1.4 μM at +60 mV to 5.6 μM at −60 mV. Apparent potency was reduced by lowering extracellular Cl− concentration. Patch-clamp experiments indicated fast channel closures within bursts of channel openings, reducing mean channel open time from 264 to 13 ms (−60 mV holding potential, 5 μM GlyH-101). GlyH-101 inhibitory potency was independent of pH from 6.5–8.0, where it exists predominantly as a monovalent anion with solubility ∼1 mM in water. Topical GlyH-101 (10 μM) in mice rapidly and reversibly inhibited forskolin-induced hyperpolarization in nasal potential differences. In a closed-loop model of cholera, intraluminal GlyH-101 (2.5 μg) reduced by ∼80% cholera toxin–induced intestinal fluid secretion. Compared with the thiazolidinone CFTR inhibitor CFTRinh-172, GlyH-101 has substantially greater water solubility and rapidity of action, and a novel inhibition mechanism involving occlusion near the external pore entrance. Glycine hydrazides may be useful as probes of CFTR pore structure, in creating animal models of CF, and as antidiarrheals in enterotoxic-mediated secretory diarrheas.
Clinical Presentation, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita

Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is a chronic mucocutaneous autoimmune skin blistering disease. The pathogenic relevance of autoantibodies targeting type VII collagen (COL7) has been well-documented. Therefore, EBA is a prototypical autoimmune disease with a well-characterized pathogenic relevance of autoantibody binding to the target antigen. EBA is a rare disease with an incidence of 0.2 new cases per million and per year. The current treatment of EBA relies on general immunosuppressive therapy, which does not lead to remission in all cases. Therefore, there is a high, so far unmet medical need for the development of novel therapeutic options. During the last 10 years, several novel in vitro and in vivo models of EBA have been established. These models demonstrated a critical role of the genetic background, T cells, and cytokines for mediating the loss of tolerance towards COL7. Neutrophils, complement activation, Fc gamma receptor engagement, cytokines, several molecules involved in cell signaling, release of reactive oxygen species, and matrix metalloproteinases are crucial for autoantibody-induced tissue injury in EBA. Based on this growing understanding of the diseases' pathogenesis, several potential novel therapeutic targets have emerged. In this review, the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and current treatment options for EBA are discussed in detail.