Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Voltage-Mode Lut Using Clock Boosting Technique in Standard CMOS

In a VLSI circuit, interconnection plays the dominant role in every part of the circuit nearly 70 percent of the area depends on interconnection, 20 percent of area depends on insulation, and remaining 10 percent to devices. The binary logic is limited due to interconnect which occupies large area on a VLSI chip. In this work, the designs of quaternaryvalued logic circuits have been explored over multi-valued logic due to the following reasoning. An approach to mitigate the impact of interconnections is to use multiple-valued logic (MVL), hence, more information can be carried in each wire, reducing the routing network. Therefore, a single wire carrying a signal with N logic levels can replace log N having base 2 wires carrying binary signals. Reducing the routing leads to a direct reduction of the line capacitance and the overall circuit area. Therefore, this results in increasing the maximum operation frequency and also reducing the power consumption. The most important characteristics of this method is a voltage-mode structure. Voltage mode structure has the advantages like reduced power consumption implemented in a standard CMOS technology. Our new method overcomes conventional techniques with simple and efficient CMOS structures.
Loneliness and Schizotypy Are Distinct Constructs, Separate from General Psychopathology

Loneliness is common in youth and associated with a significantly increased risk of psychological disorders. Although loneliness is strongly associated with psychosis, its relationship with psychosis proneness is unclear. Our aim in this paper was to test the hypothesis that loneliness and schizotypal traits, conveying risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders, are similar but separate constructs. Pooling data from two non-clinical student samples (N = 551) we modeled the structure of the relationship between loneliness and trait schizotypy. Loneliness was assessed with the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-3), whilst negative (Social Anhedonia) and positive (Perceptual Aberrations) schizotypal traits were assessed with the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales-Brief (WSS-B). Fit statistics indicated that the best fitting model of UCLA-3 scores comprises three correlated factors (Isolation, Related Connectedness, and Collective Connectedness), consistent with previous reports. Fit statistics for a two factor model of positive and negative schizotypy were excellent. Next, bi-factor analysis was used to model a general psychopatholgy factor (p) across the three loneliness factors and separate negative and positive schizotypy traits. The results showed that all items (except 1) co-loaded on p. However, with the influence of p removed, additional variance remained within separate sub-factors, indicating that loneliness and negative and positive trait schizotypy are distinct and separable constructs. Similarly, once shared variance with p was removed, correlations between sub-factors of loneliness and schizotypal traits were non-significant. These findings have important clinical implications since they suggest that loneliness should not be conflated with the expression of schizotypy. Rather, loneliness needs to be specifically targeted for assessment and treatment in youth at risk for psychosis.
Prevalence, Etiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Preventive Strategies of Dental Erosion: Literature Review (Part l & Part II)

Zaprimljen: 7. kolovoza 2009. Prihvaćen: 25. kolovoza 2009. Adresa za dopisivanje Prof Dr. Betul Kargul Marmara University Dental School Department of Pediatric Dentistry Güzelbahçe Büyükçiftlik Sokak No.6 3436 Istanbul, Turkey Tel:0212 231 91 20/109 Fax: 0 212 246 52 47 bkargul@marmara.edu. tr Sažetak Erozija zuba trajan je gubitak tvrdoga zubnog tkiva, a uzrokuju je kemijska sredstva (kiseline i/ili kelatori), ali u taj proces nisu uključene bakterije. Takav “kiseli napad” potpuno uništava tvrda zubna tkiva, jer progresivno omekšava površinu. Ona je nakon toga osjetljiva na djelovanje mehaničkih sila poput, primjerice, abrazije koja inače nema gotovo nikakav utjecaj na zdravo tvrdo zubno tkivo. Iako je utjecaj erozije često dominantan, kemijski i mehanički procesi su pojedinačni ili zajednički. Njezina je etiologija mnogostruka i nije u cijelosti poznata. U studijama bi se izričito trebalo odrediti što su erozija, atricija i abrazija te identificirati etiološke čimbenike. Naime, postoje različiti uzroci i etiologije erozivnih stanja. Budući da je erozivno trošenje zuba multifaktorijalno i preventivne se mjere moraju temeljiti na kemijskim i biološkim čimbenicima te na ponašanju pacijenta, jer je sve to uključeno u etiologiju i patogenezu erozije. I klinički stomatolozi sve češće shvaćaju da moraju bolje poznavati etiologiju i terapiju trošenja zuba, budući da im dolazi sve više starijih pacijenata sa svojim prirodnim zubima, ali jako istrošenima. Klinička terapija erozije trebala bi se usredotočiti na prevenciju, a tek nakon toga na moguće restorativne zahvate. Kako bi se progresija erozije prevenirala i spriječila, mora se pravodobno otkriti. Ključne riječi zub, erozija; zub, abrazija; zub, atricija Stomatološki fakultet, Odjel dječje stomatologije Marmarskog sveučilišta, Istambul, Turska Marmara University, Dental School, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
Caging Planar Bodies by One-Parameter Two-Fingered Gripping Systems

This paper is concerned with a caging problem: we wish to surround an object B by a multifingered hand such that B has some freedom to move, but still cannot escape the “cage” formed by the fingers. We introduce a new notion of the caging set, which is based on the configuration-space representation of the free motions of the hand system with respect to the object. Using stratified Morse theory, we show that the hand’s configuration at which the cage is broken corresponds to a frictionless equilibrium grasp. This allows us to formulate a technique for computing the caging set of a two-fingered hand whose opening is controlled by a single parameter. The tech-nique generalizes to one-parameter grip ping systems having a higher number of fingers.
Influence of Clinical Nurses' Intrinsic Motivation, Affective Commitment, and Turnover Intention on Organizational Performance

본 연구는 임상간호사의 내재적 동기부여, 정서적 몰입 및 이직의도가 조직성과에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다. 연구대상은 J시내 4개 종합병원에 근무하고 있는 간호사 189명이었다. 자료는 자가보고식 설문지를 통해 수집되었고, 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 18.0 프로그램을 사용하여 기술통계, t-test.
A new multicarrier transceiver based on the discrete cosine transform

We derive conditions on the impulse response and input signal of a frequency-selective FIR channel to be diagonalized by the DCT into parallel, decoupled, and memoryless subchannels. We show how these conditions can be satisfied in a practical multi-carrier transceiver through a novel design of the guard sequence and the front-end prefilter. This DCT-based design completely eliminates inter-block and inter-carrier interference at a lower complexity and without incurring any additional guard sequence overhead, compared to DFT-based multicarrier transceivers. Extensions to multi-input multi-output frequency-selective channels are also described.
Patient Mobility and Public Hospital Waiting Time *

Patient hospital choice reform in Norway was introduced in 2001. Waiting times for treatments at hospitals were published, and patients and their physicians were able to select hospitals for services. We develop a model of patient response, and study the empirical impact of the reform. Our data set consists of hospital admission information between 1999 and 2005, as well as hospital and area characteristics, and travel distances between municipalities. The data cover two years before and five years after the reform. From ordered probit regressions, we find that patient mobility responds positively to differences in hospital waiting times. Patient mobility is also influenced by patient, hospital, and area characteristics. JEL Classification: I11, I18
The Balassa-Samuelson Model : A General Equilibrium Appraisal

We develop a two-country intertemporal general equilibrium model to examine two predictions of the BalassaSamuelson model, namely that (i) productivi& differentials determine the domestic relative price of nontradables and (ii) deviations from purchasing power parity reflect differences in the relative price of nontradables. In this neoclassical model the equilibrium relative price of nontradables along the long-run balanced-growth path is determined by the ratio of the marginal products of labor in the tradable and nontradable sectors. We show that this ratio can be expressed as a log-linear function of sectoral capital-output or investmentoutput ratios. The empirical relevance of these long-run predictions are examined by utilizing the Hodrick-Prescott filter to extract long-run components from a panel database for fourteen OECD countries. The evidence indicates that laborproductivity differentials do explain low frequency movements in HP filtered relative prices. The predicted relative prices, however, are only partially successful in explaining long-run deviations from purchasing power parity.
Circulating adiponectin and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND We conducted a meta-analysis in order to investigate whether circulating adiponectin, an insulin-sensitizing hormone produced by adipocytes, is associated with breast cancer risk. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, ISI Web of Knowledge and the Cochrane Library. The summary relative risk (SRR) was calculated by pooling the different study-specific estimates using the random effect models. Meta-regression, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were carried out to investigate between-study heterogeneity and to test publication bias. RESULTS Data from 15 observational studies, published between 2003 and April 2013 for a total of 4249 breast cancer cases, were analysed. The SRR for the 'highest' vs 'lowest' adiponectin levels indicated a 34% reduction in breast cancer risk [95% confidence interval (CI): 13%-50%]. Between-study heterogeneity was not substantial (I(2)=53%). Ten studies were included in the dose-response analysis: the SRR for an increase of 3 µg/ml of adiponectin corresponded to a 5% risk reduction (95% CI: 1%-9%). The comparison between 'highest' and 'lowest' levels of adiponectin showed an inverse association in postmenopausal women (SRR=0.80; 95% CI: 0.63-1.01) and an indication of an inverse relationship in premenopausal women (SRR=0.72, 95% CI: 0.30-1.72). No evidence of publication bias was found. CONCLUSIONS Low circulating adiponectin levels are associated with an increased breast cancer risk. However, properly designed studies are needed to confirm the role of adiponectin as breast cancer biomarker, and clinical trials should be performed to identify those interventions that may be effective in modulating adiponectin levels and reducing breast cancer risk.
A Progressive Constraint Search Approach for Disparity Matching in Stereo Vision

This paper presents a novel disparity matching algorithm (called progressive constraint search, PCS) that emphasizes the use of multiple constraints in such a manner that the required search space at a finer constraint level is essentially reduced by the matching results obtained at coarser constraint levels. A dissimilarity measure called the Error function is used to determine whether a template (target) pixel and a candidate pixel are sufficiently alike to form a matching pair. Progressively, from a coarser level to a finer level, PCS employs different constraints at each level to update the Error function. This coarseto-fine strategy effectively enlarges the s paration distance J (on the surface of the Error function) between the correct match and false matches, thereby increasing the matching accuracy. Matched pixels found at coarser levels can also be used to guide subsequent searching at finer levels. PCS not only utilizes many constraints to reduce the search space, but also evaluates and verifies a matching pair by thresholding the value of J. The simplicity of implementation and higher accuracy are the two major advantages of PCS over other models.
Web structure mining: an introduction

Due to the increasing amount of data available online, the World Wide Web has becoming one of the most valuable resources for information retrievals and knowledge discoveries. Web mining technologies are the right solutions for knowledge discovery on the Web. The knowledge extracted from the Web can be used to raise the performances for Web information retrievals, question answering, and Web based data warehousing. In this paper, we provide an introduction of Web mining as well as a review of the Web mining categories. Then we focus on one of these categories: the Web structure mining. Within this category, we introduce link mining and review two popular methods applied in Web structure mining: HITS and PageRank.
Identifying Document Topics Using the Wikipedia Category Network

In the size and coverage of Wikipedia, a freely available online encyclopedia has reached the point where it can be utilized similar to an ontology or taxonomy to identify the topics discussed in a document. In this paper we show that even a simple algorithm that exploits only the titles and categories of Wikipedia articles can characterize documents by Wikipedia categories surprisingly well. We test the reliability of our method by predicting categories of Wikipedia articles themselves based on their bodies, and by performing classification and clustering on 20 newsgroups and RCV1, representing documents by their Wikipedia categories instead of their texts
Center and Representations of Infinitesimal Hecke Algebras of 𝔰𝔩2

In this article, we compute the center of the infinitesimal Hecke algebras H z associated to 𝔰𝔩2; then using nontriviality of the center, we study representations of these algebras in the framework of the BGG category 𝒪. We also discuss central elements in infinitesimal Hecke algebras over 𝔤𝔩 n and 𝔰𝔭(2n) for all n. We end by proving an analogue of Duflo's theorem for H z .
5.2-GHz RF Power Harvester in 0.18- $\mu$m CMOS for Implantable Intraocular Pressure Monitoring

<? Pub Dtl? >A first fully integrated 5.2-GHz CMOS-based RF power harvester with an on-chip antenna is presented in this paper. The design is optimized for sensors implanted inside the eye to wirelessly monitor the intraocular pressure of glaucoma patients. It includes a five-stage RF rectifier with an on-chip antenna, a dc voltage limiter, two voltage sensors, a low dropout voltage regulator, and MOSCAP based on-chip storage. The chip has been designed and fabricated in a standard 0.18-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu$</tex> </formula>m CMOS technology. To emulate the eye environment in measurements, a custom test setup is developed that comprises Plexiglass cavities filled with saline solution. Measurements in this setup show that the proposed chip can be charged to 1 V wirelessly from a 5-W transmitter 3 cm away from the harvester chip. The energy that is stored on the 5-nF on-chip MOSCAP when charged to 1 V is 2.5 nJ, which is sufficient to drive an arbitrary 100-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu$</tex> </formula>W load for 9 <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\ \mu$</tex></formula>s at regulated 0.8 V. Simulated efficiency of the rectifier is 42% at <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">${-}$</tex></formula>7 dBm of input power.
Global Space-time L P -estimates for the Wave Operator on L 2

We prove and disprove several estimates of the following typ e: ‖u‖∗ ≤ a‖ u‖2+b‖u‖2 where = ∂ 2 ∂t2 −△x is the usual wave operator defined on L 2(R×Rn), n ≥ 2 and where ‖ ·‖∗ represents different norms yet to be determined.
Phylogeographic Refinement and Large Scale Genotyping of Human Y Chromosome Haplogroup E Provide New Insights into the Dispersal of Early Pastoralists in the African Continent

Haplogroup E, defined by mutation M40, is the most common human Y chromosome clade within Africa. To increase the level of resolution of haplogroup E, we disclosed the phylogenetic relationships among 729 mutations found in 33 haplogroup DE Y-chromosomes sequenced at high coverage in previous studies. Additionally, we dissected the E-M35 subclade by genotyping 62 informative markers in 5,222 samples from 118 worldwide populations. The phylogeny of haplogroup E showed novel features compared with the previous topology, including a new basal dichotomy. Within haplogroup E-M35, we resolved all the previously known polytomies and assigned all the E-M35* chromosomes to five new different clades, all belonging to a newly identified subhaplogroup (E-V1515), which accounts for almost half of the E-M35 chromosomes from the Horn of Africa. Moreover, using a Bayesian phylogeographic analysis and a single nucleotide polymorphism-based approach we localized and dated the origin of this new lineage in the northern part of the Horn, about 12 ka. Time frames, phylogenetic structuring, and sociogeographic distribution of E-V1515 and its subclades are consistent with a multistep demic spread of pastoralism within north-eastern Africa and its subsequent diffusion to subequatorial areas. In addition, our results increase the discriminative power of the E-M35 haplogroup for use in forensic genetics through the identification of new ancestry-informative markers.
Pressages: augmenting phone calls with non-verbal messages

ForcePhone is a mobile synchronous haptic communication system. During phone calls, users can squeeze the side of the device and the pressure level is mapped to vibrations on the recipient's device. The pressure/vibrotactile messages supported by ForcePhone are called pressages. Using a lab-based study and a small field study, this paper addresses the following questions: how can haptic interpersonal communication be integrated into a standard mobile device? What is the most appropriate feedback design for pressages? What types of non-verbal cues can be represented by pressages? Do users make use of pressages during their conversations? The results of this research indicate that such a system has value as a communication channel in real-world settings with users expressing greetings, presence and emotions through pressages.
Accountability in the NHS: Implications of the Government's Reform Programme

The Health and Social care Bill sets out a radical series of reforms for the National Health Service in England. We focus on the implications for accountability by comparing and contrasting current accountability arrangements and practices with how they are likely to operate within the reformed NHS. Different types of accountability are defined. Using the typology a close analysis is made of the nature of accountability of providers and commissioners under the proposed arrangements. Areas for concern are identified.
Homeostatic model assessment indices in evaluation of insulin resistance and secretion in hemodialysis patients

Background Some previous observations suggest that insulin resistance and glucose metabolism disturbances are frequent complications of chronic kidney disease. However, there are no conclusive studies on other indices of the effectiveness of insulin action in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, including chronically hemodialysed (HD) ones. Material/Methods The groups comprised 33 non-diabetic ESRD hemodialysed patients and 33 healthy controls matched for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). In both groups, HOMA-%B, HOMA-%S, HOMA-IR indices, and DI were calculated using HOMA1 and HOMA2 as measures of insulin resistance. The indices were also assessed in subgroups divided according to BMI. Results Mean fasting plasma glucose concentrations were lower in ESRD patients than in healthy persons (82.4±10.4 vs. 93.9±11.6, p=0.001). Fasting serum insulin concentrations were similar in both groups (median 6.8 vs. 6.0 mU/l, p=0.698). HOMA1-%B values were higher in ESRD patients than controls (median 137.1 vs. 81.6, p=0.002). HOMA1-%S (median 75.6 vs. 71.5) and HOMA1-IR (median 1.3 vs. 1.4) values were not significantly different (p=0.264 and p=0.189, respectively). DI1 levels were higher for HD patients than for healthy subjects (median 1.16 vs. 0.53, p<0.001). In subgroup analysis, all statistically significant differences were restricted mainly to persons with BMI <25 kg/m2. Similar results as for the HOMA1 model were obtained for HOMA2. Conclusions 1. HOMA beta-cell function is strongly correlated with HOMA insulin resistance in HD patients. 2. In non-diabetic ESRD hemodialysed patients, the HOMA indices and DI may be useful and important models in interpretation of glucose metabolism disturbances.
Bayesian codon substitution modelling to identify sources of pathogen evolutionary rate variation

Phylodynamic reconstructions rely on a measurable molecular footprint of epidemic processes in pathogen genomes. Identifying the factors that govern the tempo and mode by which these processes leave a footprint in pathogen genomes represents an important goal towards understanding infectious disease evolution. Discriminating between synonymous and non-synonymous substitution rates is crucial for testing hypotheses about the sources of evolutionary rate variation. Here, we implement a codon substitution model in a Bayesian statistical framework to estimate absolute rates of synonymous and non-synonymous substitution in unknown evolutionary histories. To demonstrate how this model can provide critical insights into pathogen evolutionary dynamics, we adopt hierarchical phylogenetic modelling with fixed effects and apply it to two viral examples. Using within-host HIV-1 data from patients with different host genetic background and different disease progression rates, we show that viral populations undergo faster absolute synonymous substitution rates in patients with faster disease progression, probably reflecting faster replication rates. We also re-analyse rabies data from different bat species in the Americas to demonstrate that climate predicts absolute synonymous substitution rates, which can be attributed to climate-associated bat activity and viral transmission dynamics. In conclusion, our model to estimate absolute rates of synonymous and non-synonymous substitution can provide a powerful approach to investigate how host ecology can shape the tempo of pathogen evolution.
autoHMI: a model driven software engineering approach for HMIs in process industries

In process industries the Human Machine Interfaces (HMI) for the Supervisory Control Systems are built at the very end of the planning phase because of the many interdependencies of engineering data. These HMIs consist of a hierarchy of graphical displays that illustrate the chemical process and its automation system. Today, these displays are derived manually from the plant's piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&ID) and other sources. We present a model driven software engineering solution to automatically generate the HMI directly from engineering data. At the core of the algorithm there are two models - a concept and task model describing the process and its structure, and an abstract HMI-model describing the interaction space. This article describes the design and structure of these models as well as the chain of transformations that are necessary to generate supervisory control HMIs for the process industries. A case study shows the scope and limitations of this approach.