Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The End-State Comfort Effect in 3- to 8-Year-Old Children in Two Object Manipulation Tasks

The aim of the study was to compare 3- to 8-year-old children’s propensity to anticipate a comfortable hand posture at the end of a grasping movement (end-state comfort effect) between two different object manipulation tasks, the bar-transport task, and the overturned-glass task. In the bar-transport task, participants were asked to insert a vertically positioned bar into a small opening of a box. In the overturned-glass task, participants were asked to put an overturned-glass right-side-up on a coaster. Half of the participants experienced action effects (lights) as a consequence of their movements (AE groups), while the other half of the participants did not (No-AE groups). While there was no difference between the AE and No-AE groups, end-state comfort performance differed across age as well as between tasks. Results revealed a significant increase in end-state comfort performance in the bar-transport task from 13% in the 3-year-olds to 94% in the 8-year-olds. Interestingly, the number of children grasping the bar according to end-state comfort doubled from 3 to 4 years and from 4 to 5 years of age. In the overturned-glass task an increase in end-state comfort performance from already 63% in the 3-year-olds to 100% in the 8-year-olds was significant as well. When comparing end-state comfort performance across tasks, results showed that 3- and 4-year-old children were better at manipulating the glass as compared to manipulating the bar, most probably, because children are more familiar with manipulating glasses. Together, these results suggest that preschool years are an important period for the development of motor planning in which the familiarity with the object involved in the task plays a significant role in children’s ability to plan their movements according to end-state comfort.
Chromatin organization and global regulation of Hox gene clusters

During development, a properly coordinated expression of Hox genes, within their different genomic clusters is critical for patterning the body plans of many animals with a bilateral symmetry. The fascinating correspondence between the topological organization of Hox clusters and their transcriptional activation in space and time has served as a paradigm for understanding the relationships between genome structure and function. Here, we review some recent observations, which revealed highly dynamic changes in the structure of chromatin at Hox clusters, in parallel with their activation during embryonic development. We discuss the relevance of these findings for our understanding of large-scale gene regulation.
Applying Translational Principles to Data Science Curriculum Development

This paper reports on a curriculum mapping study that examined job descriptions and advertisements for three data curation focused positions: Data Librarian, Data Steward / Curator, and Data Archivist. We present a transferable methodological approach for curriculum development and the findings from our evaluation of employer requirements for these positions. This paper presents " model pathways " for these data curation roles and reflects on opportunities for iSchools to adopt translational data science principles to frame and extend their curriculum to prepare their students for data-driven career opportunities.
A Cloud-Based X73 Ubiquitous Mobile Healthcare System: Design and Implementation

Based on the user-centric paradigm for next generation networks, this paper describes a ubiquitous mobile healthcare (uHealth) system based on the ISO/IEEE 11073 personal health data (PHD) standards (X73) and cloud computing techniques. A number of design issues associated with the system implementation are outlined. The system includes a middleware on the user side, providing a plug-and-play environment for heterogeneous wireless sensors and mobile terminals utilizing different communication protocols and a distributed “big data” processing subsystem in the cloud. The design and implementation of this system are envisaged as an efficient solution for the next generation of uHealth systems.
A clinicopathological study of 338 dentigerous cysts.

BACKGROUND Dentigerous cyst (DC) is one of the most common developmental odontogenic cysts. This hospital-based retrospective study evaluated the clinical and histopathological features of 338 DCs in Taiwanese patients. METHODS In this study, 338 consecutive cases of DCs were collected from January 1995 to December 2009. The demographic data and clinicopathological features of these DC cases were reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS The 338 DCs were taken from 332 patients (212 men and 120 women, mean age 33.0 years, range 5-83 years). There was a significant difference in the mean age between male and female patients (P < 0.05). Of the 338 DCs, 122 were found in the maxilla and 216 in the mandible. The most common site for DCs was the mandibular molar region (169 cases) and the most frequently involved tooth was the mandibular third molar (153 cases). Forty-six of the 338 DCs were found to be associated with supernumerary teeth. Microscopically, 317 cysts were lined by stratified squamous epithelium, 9 by mucoepidermoid-typed epithelium, and 12 by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium. Hyaline bodies of Rushton, odontogenic epithelial rests, cholesterol clefts, foamy histiocytes, hemosiderin-laden macrophages, and dystrophic calcifications were discovered in 11, 78, 90, 33, 62 and 45 DCs, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that DCs of Taiwanese patients have a male predominance and occur more frequently in patients between 10 and 29 years of age. The most commonly affected site for DCs is the mandibular molar region and the most frequently involved tooth is the mandibular third molar.
CUTTINGS AND APPLICATIONS∗

We prove a general lemma on the existence of (1/r)-cuttings of geometric objects in Ed that satisfy certain properties. We use this lemma to construct (1/r)-cuttings of small size for arrangements of line segments in the plane and arrangements of triangles in 3-space; for line segments in the plane we obtain a cutting of size O(r+Ar2/n2), and for triangles in 3-space our cutting has size O(r2+ε + Ar3/n3). Here A is the combinatorial complexity of the arrangement. Finally, we use these results to obtain new results for several problems concerning line segments in the plane and triangles in 3-space.
Connected vehicles in a connected world

In the current era of ubiquitous connectivity, wireless communication technologies have enabled a kaleidoscopic array of applications that revolutionize many aspects of commercial activities and public services. Quietly, but not entirely inconspicuously, in recent years the very revolution that redefines the landscape of user experience and business models is encroaching into the next frontier — automobiles. Research and commercial activities around the globe are exploring the feasibility and benefits of providing safety, mobility, efficiency, and environment-friendly services to users based on the concept of connected vehicles. The exploitation of wireless communication for automobiles and for transportation as a whole presents exciting opportunities as well as intriguing challenges.
Energy Substrate Modulates Mitochondrial Structure and Oxidative Capacity in Cancer Cells

Comparative analysis of cytoplasmic organelles in a variety of tumors relative to normal tissues generally reveals a strong diminution in mitochondrial content and in oxidative phosphorylation capacity. However, little is known about what triggers these modifications and whether or not they are physiologically reversible. We hypothesized that energy substrate availability could play an important role in this phenomenon. The physiological effects of a change in substrate availability were examined on a human cancer cell line (HeLa), focusing specifically on its ability to use glycolysis versus oxidative phosphorylation, and the effect that energy substrate type has on mitochondrial composition, structure, and function. Changes in oxidative phosphorylation were measured in vivo by a variety of techniques, including the use of two novel ratiometric green fluorescent protein biosensors, the expression level of oxidative phosphorylation and some glycolytic enzymes were determined by Western blot, mitochondrial DNA content was measured by real-time PCR, and mitochondrial morphology was monitored by both confocal and electron microscopy. Our data show that the defective mitochondrial system described in cancer cells can be dramatically improved by solely changing substrate availability and that HeLa cells can adapt their mitochondrial network structurally and functionally to derive energy by glutaminolysis only. This could also provide an explanation for the enhancement of oxidative phosphorylation capacity observed after tumor regression or removal. Our work demonstrates that the pleomorphic, highly dynamic structure of the mitochondrion can be remodeled to accommodate a change in oxidative phosphorylation activity. We compared our finding on HeLa cells with those for nontransformed fibroblasts to help distinguish the regulatory pathways.
Nonlinear control of mechanical systems with an unactuated cyclic variable

Numerous robotic tasks associated with underactuation have been studied in the literature. For a large number of these in the plane, the mechanical models have a cyclic variable, the cyclic variable is unactuated, and all shape variables are independently actuated. This paper formulates and solves two control problems for this class of models. If the generalized momentum conjugate to the cyclic variable is not conserved, conditions are found for the existence of a set of outputs that yields a system with a one-dimensional exponentially stable zero dynamics-i.e., an exponentially minimum-phase system-along with a dynamic extension that renders the system locally input-output decouplable. If the generalized momentum conjugate to the cyclic variable is conserved, a reduced system is constructed and conditions are found for the existence of a set of outputs that yields an empty zero dynamics, along with a dynamic extension that renders the system feedback linearizable. A common element in these two feedback problems is the construction of a scalar function of the configuration variables that has relative degree three with respect to one of the input components. The function arises by partially integrating the conjugate momentum. The results are illustrated on two balancing tasks and on a ballistic flip motion.
A 29.5 Tflops Simulation of Planetesimals in Uranus-Neptune Region on GRAPE-6

As an entry for the 2002 Gordon Bell performance prize, we report the performance achieved on the GRAPE-6 system for a simulation of the early evolution of the protoplanet-planetesimal system of the Uranus-Neptune region. GRAPE-6 is a special-purpose computer for astrophysical N-body calculations. The present configuration has 2048 custom pipeline chips, each containing six pipeline processors for the calculation of gravitational interactions between particles. Its theoretical peak performance is 63.4 Tflops. The actual performance obtained was 29.5 Tflops, for a simulation of the early evolution of outer Solar system with 1.8 million planetesimals and two massive protoplanets.
A Close Look to Margin Complexity and Related Parameters

Concept classes can canonically be represented by sign-matrices, i.e., by matrices with entries 1 and 1. The question whether a sign-matrix (concept class) A can be learned by a machine that performs large margin classication is closely related to the \margin complexity" associated with A. We consider several variants of margin complexity, reveal how they are related to each other, and we reveal how they are related to other notions of learning-theoretic relevance like SQ-dimension, CSQ-dimension, and the Forster bound.
Shoulder pain in elite swimmers: primarily due to swim-volume-induced supraspinatus tendinopathy

Background/hypothesis Shoulder pain in elite swimmers is common, and its pathogenesis is uncertain. Hypothesis/study design The authors used a crosssectional study design to test Jobe’s hypothesis that repetitive forceful swimming leads to shoulder laxity, which in turn leads to impingement pain. Methods Eighty young elite swimmers (13–25 years of age) completed questionnaires on their swimming training, pain and shoulder function. They were given a standardised clinical shoulder examination, and tested for glenohumeral joint laxity using a non-invasive electronic laxometer. 52/80 swimmers also attended for shoulder MRI. Results 73/80 (91%) swimmers reported shoulder pain. Most (84%) had a positive impingement sign, and 69% of those examined with MRI had supraspinatus tendinopathy. The impingement sign and MRIdetermined supraspinatus tendinopathy correlated strongly (rs=0.49, p<0.00001). Increased tendon thickness correlated with supraspinatus tendinopathy (rs=0.37, p<0.01). Laxity correlated weakly with impingement pain (rs=0.23, p<0.05) and was not associated with supraspinatus tendinopathy (rs=0.14, p=0.32). The number of hours swum/week (rs=0.39, p<0.005) and weekly mileage (rs=0.34, p=0.01) both correlated significantly with supraspinatus tendinopathy. Swimming stroke preference did not. Conclusions These data indicate: (1) supraspinatus tendinopathy is the major cause of shoulder pain in elite swimmers; (2) this tendinopathy is induced by large amounts of swimming training; and (3) shoulder laxity per se has only a minimal association with shoulder impingement in elite swimmers. These findings are consistent with animal and tissue culture findings which support an alternate hypothesis: the intensity and duration of load to tendon fibres and cells cause tendinopathy, impingement and shoulder pain.
Update on Colorectal Polyps: Management and Follow-Up Surveillance

Available scientific data and considerable clinical experience indicate that over 95 % of colorectal cancers arise in benign adenomatous polyps that develop and advance very slowly over many years. Interruption of this adenoma-carcinoma sequence by finding and resecting polyps is a highly effective method of preventing colorectal cancer. Colonoscopy is the procedure of choice for both the diagnosis and resection of colorectal polyps. Patients who have had colonoscopic resection of adenomas, and in some cases their close relatives, are at a higher than average risk for developing future polyps and cancer, and likely will benefit from periodic follow-up colonoscopic surveillance. This surveillance should to be tailored to the perceived risk of each individual case depending on the features of the resected adenomas and other patient factors such as family history. Widespread adoption of current polyp guideline recommendations would be highly protective and yet would conserve medical resources.
Expression microarray classification using topic models

Classification of samples in expression microarray experiments represents a crucial task in bioinformatics and biomedicine. In this paper this scenario is addressed by employing a particular class of statistical approaches, called Topic Models. These models, firstly introduced in the text mining community, permit to extract from a set of objects (typically documents) an interpretable and rich description, based on an intermediate representation called topics (or processes). In this paper the expression microarray classification task is cast into this probabilistic context, providing a parallelism with the text mining domain and an interpretation. Two different topic models are investigated, namely the Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis (PLSA) and the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). An experimental evaluation of the proposed methodologies on three standard datasets confirms their effectiveness, also in comparison with other classification methodologies.
Implementing matrix multiplications on the multi-core CPU architectures

Recent commercial microprocessors are concentrating on the multi-core CPU architectures, while most parallel and/or distributed computing methods focus on the multi-CPU architectures. Therefore, there are needs to analyze and adapt traditional parallel algorithms for the new multi-core environments. In this paper, we use matrix multiplications as the target problem, and implemented it using various methods including the traditional serialized and parallel versions using OpenMP and Windows-threads, etc. We measure the execution times for each implementation, to finally analyze their overall performance. The most important factor for the execution time is the efficient use of level-2 caches in the CPU, according to our experimental results. We expect to develop a more efficient implementation method and design a new matrix multiplication method for the multi-core CPU's.
Perceived Privacy Breach - the Construct, the Scale, and its Antecedents

This paper describes the development of an instrument to measure the perception of privacy breaches. Perceived Privacy Breaches are divided into three dimensions: Dispersion, Fairness and Impact. These dimensions were derived using exploratory factor analysis on data gathered from 197 subjects. The instrument was utilized as part of a model to test the focal construct’s relationships with its antecedents. A multiple regression was performed on a sample constituting 70% randomly selected cases. A cross-validation of the regression equation was performed using the remaining cases. Results indicate that the level of privacy concern an individual possesses has a positive impact on the severity of perceived privacy breaches. It was also found that personal experience of privacy invasions had a negative impact on the severity of perceived privacy breaches.
Mapping the primary motor cortex in healthy subjects and patients with peri-rolandic brain lesions before neurosurgery

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to establish a robust set of motor tasks that could be used to functionally delineate the motor cortex with blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI) at 3 T and produce precise functional maps for pre-operative planning and functional neuronavigation. Method: Twelve male and four female control subjects were recruited for this study which examined six different motor tasks. Finger-, tongue-, lip- and toe-movements, as well as isometric upper arm- and thigh-contraction tasks were conducted during separate scans on a 3 T MRI scanner. Furthermore, patients that previously had undergone similar motor tasks were reviewed, to evaluate whether this set of tasks was able to be adopted for use in a population of patients with brain lesions. Results: The results of this study indicated that the finger-, toe- and tongue-motor tasks were the most robust in identifying their respective primary motor area. Moreover, all three tasks activated regions at regular intervals along the convexity of the hemisphere, making it possible to functionally delineate the primary motor cortex in both healthy subjects and patients. Discussion: The motor tasks described in this study (toe, finger and tongue) were effective at localizing the primary motor cortex for the purposes of neurosurgical planning. These three tasks produced the highest success rate and resulted in activations at regular intervals along the convexity of the hemisphere, allowing the delineation of the entire motor strip even in the presence of edema and anatomical distortions.
Forest Analysis of the Gordon Natural Area Focusing on Carbon Stock, Forest Structure, and Forest Composition

This project explores the carbon stock of the Gordon Natural Area (GNA) located on West Chester University’s campus. In order estimate the carbon stock, fifteen 20-meter circular plots were surveyed. The diameter-at-breast-height (DBH) and species type were catalogued. This was used to determine that the mean carbon stock per hectare of the GNA is 240.468 t C/ha. A statistical analysis showed that the plots were all remarkably similar and this allowed the data to be augmented over the total northern area of the GNA for an approximate carbon stock of 5,499.502 t C. In addition, an analysis of the species composition and structure revealed that the GNA is a relatively young forest with an overwhelming majority of the trees being American Beech.
Virus-Like Nanoparticle Vaccine Confers Protection against Toxoplasma gondii

The inner membrane complex (IMC) of Toxoplasma gondii as a peripheral membrane system has unique and critical roles in parasite replication, motility and invasion. Disruption of IMC sub-compartment protein produces a severe defect in T. gondii endodyogeny, the form of internal cell budding. In this study, we generated T. gondii virus-like particle particles (VLPs) containing proteins derived from IMC, and investigated their efficacy as a vaccine in mice. VLP vaccination induced Toxoplasma gondii-specific total IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses in the sera and IgA antibody responses in the feces. Upon challenge infection with a lethal dose of T. gondii (ME49), all vaccinated mice survived, whereas all naïve control mice died. Vaccinated mice showed significantly reduced cyst load and cyst size in the brain. VLP vaccination also induced IgA and IgG antibody responses in feces and intestines, and antibody-secreting plasma cells, mixed Th1/Th2 cytokines and CD4+/CD8+ T cells from spleen. Taken together, these results indicate that non-replicating VLPs containing inner membrane complex of T. gondii represent a promising strategy for the development of a safe and effective vaccine to control the spread of Toxoplasma gondii infection.
Impact of highly active antiretroviral treatment on HIV seroincidence among men who have sex with men: San Francisco.

OBJECTIVES This study assessed the countervailing effects on HIV incidence of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) among San Francisco men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS Behavioral risk was determined on the basis of responses to cross-sectional community interviews. HIV incidence was assessed through application of an enzyme-linked immunoassay testing strategy. RESULTS Use of HAART among MSM living with AIDS increased from 4% in 1995 to 54% in 1999. The percentage of MSM who reported both unprotected anal intercourse and multiple sexual partners increased from 24% in 1994 to 45% in 1999. The annual HIV incidence rate increased from 2.1% in 1996 to 4.2% in 1999 among MSM who sought anonymous HIV testing, and the rate was high (5.3%) but stable in a blinded survey of MSM seeking sexually transmitted disease services. CONCLUSIONS Any decrease in per contact risk of HIV transmission due to HAART use appears to have been counterbalanced or overwhelmed by increases in the number of unsafe sexual episodes.