Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immunotherapy for Colorectal Cancer in the Era of Precision Medicine

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered the third most common cancer type and the second cause of cancer-related death worldwide, representing a significant global public health issue. Approximately 20% of patients present with metastatic disease, while up to 50% of those with early stages will eventually develop metastasis. During the last two decades, sustained efforts have been made to discover the molecular landscape of CRC and identify novel therapeutic targets. These efforts changed the treatment paradigm for CRC and improved survival significantly in metastatic disease. Immunotherapy represents a novel and exciting treatment option with promising results in gastrointestinal malignancies. The application of immunotherapy in CRC showed impressive results in a subset of patients with high microsatellite instability/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR) phenotype. An in-depth analysis of these particular MSI-H/dMMR tumors revealed that they are characterized by a high mutational load resulting in an increased number of neoantigens and a highly infiltrated tumor microenvironment. The Food and Drug Association (FDA) has recently approved immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) pembrolizumab and nivolumab +/− ipilimumab for first-line and non-first-line therapy of MSI-H/dMMR metastatic CRC, contributing to the continuum of care in these patients. This chapter aims to overview the immune landscape and immunotherapeutic strategies in CRC.
Counting Atlantic tropical cyclones back to 1900

Climate variability and any resulting change in the characteristics of tropical cyclones (tropical storms, subtropical storms, and hurricanes) have become topics of great interest and research within the past 2 years [International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones, 2006]. An emerging focus is how the frequency of tropical cyclones has changed over time and whether any changes could be linked to anthropogenic global warming.
Humans as Light Bulbs: 3D Human Reconstruction from Thermal Reflection Supplementary Materials

Because we adopted an analysis-by-synthesis approach by optimization in the latent space of generative models, our system can generate multiple explanations of the observation by randomly sampling from the generative latent space. In figure 1, we show an example of our system’s ability to generate multiple reasonable reconstructions to match the observation – a thermal image. Note that across 4 different runs, our system converges to a similar solution at the end of the optimization, while the reconstruction contains diverse human poses and locations. This indicates the under-constrained nature of the task we are solving.
Effect of Mirror Therapy on Fine Manual Control in Children with Erb's Palsy

Background : For children with Erb's palsy, difficulties with fine motor control often present as a serious problem that affects their activity of daily lif ADL activities. Objectives : To examine the impact of mirror therapy on fine manual control in children with Erb's palsy. Subjects and Methods: Thirty children with Erb's palsy with their age ranged from 5 to 9 years participated in this study. They were at level 1 on Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) and they were able to follow instruction given to them, they were excluded if they had residual deformity and operation in the hand. They were randomized into two groups: control group (A) as well as study group (B). Both groups were given a designated physiotherapy program as well as control group were given program to improve the fine manual control, while study group were given the similar program but in front of mirror (mirror therapy). Fine manual control was evaluated before and after the treatment utilizing Bruininks Osertesky Test Bot-2, and the program was performed for an hour, 3 sessions per week for 3 consecutive months for all groups. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in fine manual control post treatment. Significant improvement after treatment in the fine manual control was found favoring study group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Mirror therapy can be utilized in the treatment program of children with Erb's palsy to improve the fine manual control.
Another presentation of the Craig-Martinez method

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Public Domain Another presentation of the Craig-Martinez method Alain Batailly, Mathias Legrand
Petrology of Volcanic Rocks, Gough Island, South Atlantic

Gough Island, one of the most southerly islands on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, consists of rocks of the alkali basalt → trachyte association. Representative rock types, ranging from picrite basalt, olivine basalt, trachybasalt, trachyandesite to trachyte have been analyzed for major and minor constituents. Crystallization trends have been determined for the olivines, pyroxenes, feldspars, and iron-titanium ores using optical, chemical, and X-ray methods. Strong evidence is given for differentiation by crystal fractionation.
Association between the magnitude of melatonin circadian rhythm and personality in the threespine stickleback

Melatonin secretion follows a circadian pattern with a maximum level at night in many species. However, in zebrafish (Danio rerio, a diurnal fish species) large inter-individual variations in daily rhythmicity of melatonin levels are present and are associated with variation in behaviour. Melatonin secretion rhythm of proactive individuals that are more active and exploratory are of larger amplitude compared to reactive individuals. In threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus), a nocturnal species, inter-individual variability of behaviour is well described. However, inter-individual variation of melatonin rhythm and its association with variation in behaviour has never been measured in this species, which would allow to test if patterns found in zebrafish can be generalized for diurnal and nocturnal species. We measured large inter-individual variation in melatonin levels and found that activity was positively correlated with plasma melatonin concentration measured at night. We did not observe any significant difference in nigh-day variation in melatonin concentration between very active and less active groups. However, we found that individuals classified as reactive based on their propensity to wall-hugging, a measure of anxiety in fish, showed large variation in melatonin between night and day, while this rhythm was not seen in proactive individuals that frequently used the centre of the aquarium. Overall, our study suggests that melatonin may directly modulate specific behaviours in wild sticklebacks, and that while interindividual variation in melatonin rhythm may be widespread in fish, different patterns of association with behaviours should be expected.
The classification and structure of megafaunal assemblages in the Venezuela Basin, Caribbean Sea

Data from 23 benthic trawls collected from the Venezuela Basin (3411-5062 m water depth) indicate that megafauna are less abundant than in basins of similar depths in the Atlantic and are segregated by sedimentary province. Taxonomic assemblages, in terms of abundance and biomass, from three sites coincide with distinctions of sedimentary characteristics among the pelagic, hemipelagic and turbidite sedimentary provinces. Mollusks, decapods and fishes are most abundant in trawls collected from the pelagic and hemipelagic provinces and anemones and holothurians are most abundant in trawls collected from the turbidite province. Sponges dominate the biomass of fauna in trawls collected in the turbidite and hemipelagic provinces and fishes dominate the biomass of trawls collected in the pelagic province. Several biological and physical aspects of the basin contribute to the segregation of the megafauna into distinct communities. Sponges and anthropogenic debris (coal, coal clinker and tar balls) reaching the sea floor create a habitat that is exploited by sessile suspension feeders requiring a hard substrate. Filter-feeding anemones attached to debris occur in such abundance that it elevates the importance of suspension feeders and depresses species diversity at the turbidite site. Biomass and average size of megafaunal deposit feeders in the basin decrease with decreasing amounts of organic carbon and nitrogen content of the sediment. Distribution and composition of filter-feeding megafaunal biomass in the Venezuela Basin are explained largely by proximity to sources of organic matter. Detrital carbonate may also play a role in controlling distribution and density of megafauna by diluting food resources in the sediments.
Patterns, distribution, and determinants of under- and overnutrition: a population-based study of women in India.

BACKGROUND Little systematic evidence exists for the relation between socioeconomic position and nutritional status in countries experiencing the simultaneous presence of under- and overnutrition. OBJECTIVE We investigated the socioeconomic distribution of nutritional status in India and whether state-level macroeconomic factors modify the relation between socioeconomic position and nutritional status. DESIGN Our analysis was based on a nationally representative sample of 77 220 women from India, with multiple categories of body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) as the outcome, namely, <18.5 (underweight), 23-24.9 (pre-overweight), 25-29.9 (overweight), or > or =30 (obese), with 18.5-22.9 as the reference category. RESULTS In adjusted models, being underweight was inversely related to socioeconomic position, whereas socioeconomic position was positively related to being pre-overweight, overweight, and obese, and the socioeconomic gradient was most marked for obesity. State-level measures of affluence did not modify the positive association between socioeconomic position and categories of overweight. The risk of underweight was lower in affluent states, but this was seen mainly in women of high socioeconomic position. CONCLUSIONS Undernutrition and overnutrition are epidemics of the impoverished and the affluent, respectively, in India, and this association is consistent at the individual and ecologic levels. Policies should focus on the complex patterns of social distribution of both under- and overnutrition in the Indian context.
Structure and mechanics of the San Andreas–San Gregorio fault junction, San Francisco, California

The right‐lateral San Gregorio and San Andreas faults meet west of the Golden Gate near San Francisco. Coincident seismic reflection and refraction profiling across the San Gregorio and San Andreas faults south of their junction shows the crust between them to have formed shallow extensional basins that are dissected by parallel strike‐slip faults. We employ a regional finite element model to investigate the long‐term consequences of the fault geometry. Over the course of 2–3 m.y. of slip on the San Andreas‐San Gregorio fault system, elongated extensional basins are predicted to form between the two faults. An additional consequence of the fault geometry is that the San Andreas fault is expected to have migrated eastward relative to the San Gregorio fault. We thus propose a model of eastward stepping right‐lateral fault formation to explain the observed multiple fault strands and depositional basins. The current manifestation of this process might be the observed transfer of slip from the San Andreas fault east to the Golden Gate fault.
Aerial reconnaissance camera using optical drum and mirror rotation mechanism

In this paper, a new design technique is presented to the aerial reconnaissance camera by applying an optical drum and a mirror rotation mechanism. In the camera design, the optical drum is installed optically parallel to the aircraft velocity, and the mirror positioned inside of the optical drum is designed optically perpendicular to the aircraft velocity. Two novel features of our proposed camera are its small space occupancy and that it can provide super wide angle images. Moreover, partial images are taken during the optical drum rotation. Image motions caused by roll and pitch angle disturbance can be compensated by the optical drum rotation and mirror rotation respectively. Finally, three-channel images obtained from the actual flights are presented to demonstrate our designed camera.
Structural classification of chromite pods in southern New Caledonia

A structural classification of podiform chromite orebodies from southern New Caledonia results in a division of deposits into three major types: discordant, subconcordant, and concordant, with penetrative structures (foliation and lineation) in the enclosing peridotite. Discordant deposits are very irregular in shape and clearly crosscut banding and foliation. Subconcordant deposits are generally tabular in shape and lie within 10 degrees to 25 degrees in strike and/or dip to the foliation. Concordant deposits are also tabular and lie parallel to foliation in peridotite; pyroxene lineation in host peridotite always indicates the elongation direction of these deposits. Within subconcordant and discordant deposits, chromite lineations are often oblique to those in the surrounding rocks; they follow local variations in the orebody shape and indicate possible deposit extensions at depth. The classification of chromite bodies corresponds to three stages of increasing deformation, as evidenced by chromite ore textures. Discordant deposits which are the least deformed are characterized by primary textures such as the nodular one, the foam texture, the chromite net, and the occluded silicate texture. Within subconcordant and mainly concordant deposits, massive, disseminated, and antinodular ores show evidence of strong deformation. The lack of geochemical distinctions between the different deposit types supports such an hypothesis.These chromite deposits in ophiolitic harzburgites are thought to have been formed beneath an oceanic spreading ridge. If the discordant pods are considered as representative of the original situation, it is proposed that the chromite has crystallized and has been dynamically concentrated along steep conduits traversing the enclosing harzburgite and feeding a magma chamber. Next the chromite-enriched pipes are caught up by plastic deformation in the mantle and tectonically reoriented toward the foliation.The chromite deposits in the Massif du Sud are located within a domain about 1.5 km thick in the harzburgites and dunite zones. This domain is limited upward by the first cumulates and gabbros and downward by the transition to a different plastic flow regime in the harzburgites.Finally, some guides to chromite prospecting and exploration are cited, applicable at different geologic scales and based on lithologic and structural criteria.
Structural Model of Weak Binding Actomyosin in the

Background: Actomyosin generates mechanical force in all eukaryotic cells including muscle. Results: By dynamic computational simulations we revealed structural rearrangements in myosin upon actin binding, leading to the initial state of force generation. Conclusion: The actin binding-induced structural rearrangements in myosin are transmitted specifically through the activation loop of the myosin. Significance: The first actomyosin atomic structural model of the initial state of force generation.
Potential of biofiltration for VOCs emission control and safety aspects

Directive 99/13/EC on the emission of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) is impacting on several industries in Italy, as well in other EU countries. Many small enterprises have to invest in new control systems and need to be helped to choose an appropriate and safe technology. As VOCs are highly flammable compounds, high concentrations in emission flows can pose a fire and explosion hazard if control systems are not properly designed and proper procedures are not implemented. Biofiltration may be considered as a suitable solution for VOC emissions control, as investment and operation costs are lower and performances are comparable with other abatement systems and comply with permit requirements. Furthermore, mild exercise conditions allow safer operations.
CORDEX‐NA: factors inducing dry/wet years on the North American Monsoon region

The output of four regional climate models (RCMs) from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX)‐North America (NA) region was analysed for the 1990–2008 period, with particular interest on the mechanisms associated with wet and dry years over the North American Monsoon (NAM) core region. All RCMs (RCA3.5, HadGEM3‐RA, REMO, and RegCM4) were forced by the ERA‐Interim reanalysis. Model precipitation was compared against several observational gridded data sets at different time scales. Most RCMs capture well the annual cycle of precipitation and outperform ERA‐Interim, which is drier than the observations. RCMs underestimate (overestimate) the precipitation over the coastal plains (mountains) and have some problems to reproduce the interannual variability of the monsoon. To further investigate this, two extreme summers that showed the largest consistency among observations and RCMs were chosen: one wet (1990) and one dry (2005). The impact of the passage of tropical cyclones, the size of the Western Hemisphere Warm Pool (WHWP), the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) position, and the initial intensity of the land–sea thermal contrast (LSTC) were analysed. During the wet year, the LSTC was stronger than the 2005 dry monsoon season and there were a larger number of hurricanes near the Gulf of California, the WHWP was more extended, and the ITCZ was located in a more northerly position than in 2005. All these processes contributed to a wetter NAM season. During the dry year, the LSTC was weaker, with a later onset, probably due to a previous very wet winter. The inverse precipitation relationship between winter and summer in the monsoon region was well captured by most of the RCMs. RegCM4 showed the largest biases and HadGEM3‐RA the smallest ones.
Dating of the Cultural Layers from Vilnius Lower Castle, East Lithuania: Implications for Chronological Attribution and Environmental History

Complex interdisciplinary studies carried out in the territory of the Vilnius Lower Castle, E Lithuania, were used to construct a chronological framework based on radiocarbon data and archaeological information. Bulk samples (wood and sediment) were collected from an approximately 3-m core that crossed cultural layers and underlying strata. 14C dates indicate that the underlying bed possibly formed during the 6th century AD, although no archaeological finds were discovered there. Paleobotanical (pollen and plant macrofossil) investigations reveal evidence of agriculture that points to the existence of a permanent settlement in the area at that time. The chronological data indicates a sedimentation hiatus before the onset of the deposition of the cultural layer in the studied area. The 14C dates showed that the formation of the cultural bed began during the late 13th–early 14th centuries AD, that is, earlier than expected according to the archaeological record. The ongoing deposition of the cultural beds continued throughout the middle to latter half of the 14th century AD as revealed by the archaeological records and confirmed by well-correlated 14C results. After some decline in human activity in the middle of the 14th century AD, a subsequent ongoing development of the open landscape, along with intensive agriculture, points to an increase in human activity during the second half of the 14th century AD. The first half of the 15th century AD was marked by intensive exploitation of the territory, indicating a period of economic and cultural prosperity. The chronological framework indicates that the investigated cultural beds continued forming until the first half of the 16th century AD.
Editorial for Advances in Geological and Geotechnical Engineering Research: Vol. 5 Issue 2 (2023)

Earth scientists aid to guarantee a supply of clean water, explore for oil, gas, and coal, map the oceans, track severe weather, and discover the Earth materials we need to build our homes and roads, and the minerals and nutrients we need to farm the land. Environmental geologists help prevent and repair damage to our nation’s wetlands, streams, rivers, and shorelines. Environmental geologists similarly support building new wetlands and stream channels to replace those lost to development. Healthy streams and rivers support endangered salmon and other wildlife. By studying geological issues, geologists, along with other scientists, can anticipate Earth’s future and examine any changes that may need to be made. A key example of this is the study of climate change and how society needs to change to improve the earth’s future. The scope of Advances in Geological and Geotechnical Engineering Research journal covers a variety of geology and environmental earth sciences. This journal is preparing to rivet a diversity of research and support the Earth in the imminent future. A total of 5 papers finally were revised, accepted, and published in Vol. 5, Issue 2, which are characteristically dedicated to geology and environmental earth sciences. The achievements of articles presented in this volume are summarized in the following section.
Stratigraphy and volcanic facies In Khao Noi Area, Tha Takiap district, Chachoengsao province

THAI) . iii ABSTRACT (ENGLISH) . ivENGLISH) . iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . v TABLE OF CONTENTS . vi LIST OF TABLES . ix LIST OF FIGURES . x INTRODUCTION . 1 1.
Multithreading in adaptive fast multipole methods

It has been shown that fast multipole methods can achieve good scalability on multi-core architectures. We have for an adaptive single-threaded fast multipole method implemented multithreading support via the OpenMP API. The downward-and upward pass in the fast multipole method are parallelized, and the multithreaded implementation achieves on a quad-core architecture for uniform distributions a 6.6x speedup and a non-uniform distribution a 4.2x speedup. The lower speedup for the non-uniform distributions results from poor load balancing caused by higher variance in connectivity. We conclude that future research in how connectivity affects parallel performance is needed
Studies in

: The (participatory) opportunities provided by interactive features on news sites have been widely theorized and investigated in recent years. However, user comments’ effects on the perception of journalistic quality have only begun to be examined. To investigate those effects, the present study deployed two 2 × 2 experiments with a between-subject design, thereby exposing participants ( N = 224) to a constructed online news article (covering a potential military intervention of the German armed forces against ISIS) and corresponding user comments. Comments varied in terms of (I) support for the issue described in the article as well as the (II) addressing of journalistic quality criteria (accuracy, impartiality). Results indicate that user comments indeed had considerable effects on readers’ quality assessments. If anonymous users praised the quality of the article in their comments, journalistic quality was perceived to be significantly higher. Implications for news media and media effects research are discussed.