Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Progesterone Regulates Cardiac Repolarization Through a Nongenomic Pathway: An In Vitro Patch-Clamp and Computational Modeling Study

Background— Female sex is an independent risk factor for torsade de pointes in long-QT syndrome. In women, QT interval and torsade de pointes risk fluctuate dynamically during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Accumulating clinical evidence suggests a role for progesterone; however, the effect of progesterone on cardiac repolarization remains undetermined. Methods and Results— We investigated the effects of progesterone on action potential duration and membrane currents in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Progesterone rapidly shortened action potential duration, which was attributable mainly to enhancement of the slow delayed rectifier K+ current (IKs) under basal conditions and inhibition of L-type Ca2+ currents (ICa,L) under cAMP-stimulated conditions. The effects of progesterone were mediated by nitric oxide released via nongenomic activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase; this signal transduction likely takes place in the caveolae because sucrose density gradient fractionation experiments showed colocalization of the progesterone receptor c-Src, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, Akt, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase with KCNQ1, KCNE1, and CaV1.2 in the caveolae fraction. We used computational single-cell and coupled-tissue action potential models incorporating the effects of progesterone on IKs and ICa,L; the model reproduces the fluctuations of cardiac repolarization during the menstrual cycle observed in women and predicts the protective effects of progesterone against rhythm disturbances in congenital and drug-induced long-QT syndrome. Conclusions— Our data show that progesterone modulates cardiac repolarization by nitric oxide produced via a nongenomic pathway. A combination of experimental and computational analyses of progesterone effects provides a framework to understand complex fluctuations of QT interval and torsade de pointes risks in various hormonal states in women.
Long-term Residual Recurrent Network for human interaction recognition in videos

Human action/interaction recognition has wide appliances in video surveillance. Spatial and temporal information representation is the key issue of this topic. A framework called Long-term Residual Recurrent Network (LRRN) for human interaction recognition is proposed in this paper. The framework has an advantage of incorporating spatial and temporal features. Spatial feature is generated from Residual Network (ResNet). Temporal feature is learned from Long Short Term Memory (LSTM). The spatial-temporal feature representation learned automatically from LRRN is more expressive than hand-crafted counterparts. Optical flow image sequences are utilised to reduce static background interference. Experiments are conducted on BIT-interaction and UT-interaction datasets. The results show excellent performance in accuracy compared with prior traditional methods, achieving a state-of-art accuracy of 90% and 98.33% respectively.
Automatic Detection and Classification of Convulsive Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures Using a Wearable Device

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders and patients suffer from unprovoked seizures. In contrast, psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are another class of seizures that are involuntary events not caused by abnormal electrical discharges but are a manifestation of psychological distress. The similarity of these two types of seizures poses diagnostic challenges that often leads in delayed diagnosis of PNES. Further, the diagnosis of PNES involves high-cost hospital admission and monitoring using video-electroencephalogram machines. A wearable device that can monitor the patient in natural setting is a desired solution for diagnosis of convulsive PNES. A wearable device with an accelerometer sensor is proposed as a new solution in the detection and diagnosis of PNES. The seizure detection algorithm and PNES classification algorithm are developed. The developed algorithms are tested on data collected from convulsive epileptic patients. A very high seizure detection rate is achieved with 100% sensitivity and few false alarms. A leave-one-out error of 6.67% is achieved in PNES classification, demonstrating the usefulness of wearable device in the diagnosis of PNES.
Pre-Treatment Deep Curettage Can Significantly Reduce Tumour Thickness in Thick Basal Cell Carcinoma While Maintaining a Favourable Cosmetic Outcome When Used in Combination with Topical Photodynamic Therapy

Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) has limitations in the treatment of thick skin tumours. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of pre-PDT deep curettage on tumour thickness in thick (≥2 mm) basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Additionally, 3-month treatment outcome and change of tumour thickness from diagnosis to treatment were investigated. At diagnosis, mean tumour thickness was 2.3 mm (range 2.0–4.0). Pre- and post-curettage biopsies were taken from each tumour prior to PDT. Of 32 verified BCCs, tumour thickness was reduced by 50% after deep curettage (P ≤ 0.001). Mean tumour thickness was also reduced from diagnosis to treatment. At 3-month followup, complete tumour response was found in 93% and the cosmetic outcome was rated excellent or good in 100% of cases. In conclusion, deep curettage significantly reduces BCC thickness and may with topical PDT provide a favourable clinical and cosmetic short-term outcome.
Heliox administration in the pediatric intensive care unit: An evidence-based review

Objective: To provide a comprehensive, evidence-based review of helium–oxygen gas mixtures (heliox) in the management of pediatric respiratory diseases. Data Source: A thorough, computerized bibliographic search of the preclinical and clinical literature regarding the properties of helium and its application in pediatric respiratory disease states. Data Synthesis: After an overview of the potential benefits and technical aspects of helium–oxygen gas mixtures, the role of heliox is addressed for asthma, aerosolized medication delivery, upper airway obstruction, postextubation stridor, croup, bronchiolitis, and high-frequency ventilation. The available data are objectively classified based on the value of the therapy or intervention as determined by the study design from which the data are obtained. Conclusions: Heliox administration is most effective during conditions involving density-dependent increases in airway resistance, especially when used early in an acute disease process. Any beneficial effect of heliox should become evident in a relatively short period of time. The medical literature supports the use of heliox to relieve respiratory distress, decrease the work of breathing, and improve gas exchange. No adverse effects of heliox have been reported. However, heliox must be administered with vigilance and continuous monitoring to avoid technical complications.
Früh- und Differenzialdiagnose von Demenzen

Zusammenfassung In den letzten Jahren ist es zu einer umfassenden Weiterentwicklung magnetresonanzbasierter bildgebender Verfahren gekommen. Dadurch stehen heute eine Reihe von Möglichkeiten zur anatomischen und funktionellen Charakterisierung des Gehirns zur Verfügung. Im Kompetenznetz Demenzen (KND) werden erstmalig die strukturelle MR-Tomographie (MRT) und die Protonen-MR-Spektroskopie (1H-MRS) in einem Multizenteransatz bezüglich ihrer möglichen Rolle in der Früh- und Differentialdiagnostik bei Demenzerkrankungen geprüft. Mit der strukturellen MRT werden hochauflösende anatomische Datensätze gewonnen. Die 1H-MRS liefert Informationen über die biochemische Komposition des Hirngewebes. Beide methodisch ausgereiften Verfahren wurden zu Beginn des Projektes auf ihre Interzenter-Reproduzierbarkeit geprüft und es zeigte sich hinsichtlich wesentlicher Zielparameter eine Interzentervariation, die eine zentrumsübergreifende Vergleichbarkeit gewährleistet. Die bisher gewonnenen Datensätze werden aufgrund der großen Stichprobe und der Verbindung mit anderen neuropsychologischen, biochemischen und genetischen Daten aus dem KND umfassende Aufschlüsse über die Rolle der MRT und der 1H-MRS in der Früh- und Differentialdiagnose von Demenzerkrankungen liefern.
Sentiment analysis of online product reviews with Semi-supervised topic sentiment mixture model

Analysis the positive and negative sentiments about each topic of the product are very useful to the customers and manufacturers. In this paper we propose a new topic sentiment mixture model which we call Semi-supervised Co-LDA model to obtain the positive and negative opinions from the reviews about each product. The Semi-supervised Co-LDA can model the topic and sentiment of the product reviews simultaneously. The Semi-supervised Co-LDA model we proposed is a semi-supervised model, which utilizes the well-written expert reviews as labeled data. The Co-LDA model has an additional advantage that can integrate expert opinions and ordinary opinions. Empirical experiments on the online reviews datasets from CNET show that this approach is effective for topic sentiment analysis of the product. The Co-LDA model is quite general, which can be applied to many fields such as modeling opinions in weblogs, user behavior prediction.
Complete Call-by-Value Calculi of Control Operators, I

We give new call-by-value calculi of control operators that are complete for the continuation-passing style semantics. Various anticipated computational properties are induced from the completeness. In the first part of a series of papers, we give the characterization of termination properties using the continuation-passing style semantics as well as the union-intersection type discipline.
Graft-versus-Host Disease in Modulating the Effect of IL-7 on Murine Host Conditioning Is a Primary Determinant

Interleukin-7 has been shown to enhance T cell reconstitution after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, in part, by expansion of mature donor T cells, but whether IL-7 also exacerbates graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) remains unresolved. To address this issue, we examined the effect of IL-7 on GVHD induction using a well-deﬁned murine GVHD model (B6 3 B6AF1/J). Administration of IL-7 to nonirradiated B6AF1/J recipients of B6 T cells resulted in expansion of splenic donor CD4 (cid:1) and CD8 (cid:1) T cells and increased GVHD mortality. In contrast, administration of IL-7 on the same schedule failed to increase GVHD mortality in either sublethally or lethally irradiated animals that received graded doses of T cells designed to induce varying degrees of GVHD severity. Moreover, IL-7 failed to increase the number of alloreactive T cells when examined in a murine model (B6 3 BALB.B) that allowed for direct quantitation of graft-vs-host-reactive T cells. The combination of irradiation and transplantation of alloreactive donor T cells resulted in signiﬁcantly increased levels of endogenous splenic IL-7 mRNA when compared with nonirradiated transplanted animals, providing a potential explanation for why exogenous IL-7 did not increase GVHD severity in these mice. We conclude that host conditioning modulates the ability of exogenous IL-7 to exacerbate GVHD and that this occurs through induction of endogenous IL-7 production. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 3328–3336.
A Unified Fisher’s Ratio Learning Method for Spatial Filter Optimization

To detect the mental task of interest, spatial filtering has been widely used to enhance the spatial resolution of electroencephalography (EEG). However, the effectiveness of spatial filtering is undermined due to the significant nonstationarity of EEG. Based on regularization, most of the conventional stationary spatial filter design methods address the nonstationarity at the cost of the interclass discrimination. Moreover, spatial filter optimization is inconsistent with feature extraction when EEG covariance matrices could not be jointly diagonalized due to the regularization. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for a spatial filter design. With Fisher’s ratio in feature space directly used as the objective function, the spatial filter optimization is unified with feature extraction. Given its ratio form, the selection of the regularization parameter could be avoided. We evaluate the proposed method on a binary motor imagery data set of 16 subjects, who performed the calibration and test sessions on different days. The experimental results show that the proposed method yields improvement in classification performance for both single broadband and filter bank settings compared with conventional nonunified methods. We also provide a systematic attempt to compare different objective functions in modeling data nonstationarity with simulation studies.
Preclinical Rationale for Use of the Clinically Available Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Crizotinib in ROS1-Translocated Lung Cancer

Introduction: Most clinically available small-molecule kinase inhibitors are multi-targeted and can inhibit multiple kinases. Our driving hypothesis was that one of these multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) would have antiproliferative activity against ROS1 translocated non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We selected NSCLC cell lines—A549 (KRAS G12S), NCI-H3255 (EGFR L858R), NCI-H3122 (EML4-ALK E13;A20), and HCC78 (SLC34A2-ROS1)—to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of submicromolar concentrations of the multitargeted TKIs imatinib, sorafenib, erlotinib, and crizotinib. Results: Imatinib and sorafenib were unable to significantly inhibit proliferation of the aforementioned cell lines. Erlotinib only inhibited EGFR mutated NCI-H3255, as expected. Crizotinib displayed dose-dependent inhibition of anaplastic lymphoma kinase translocated NCI-H3122 and also ROS1-translocated HCC78. The SLC34A2-ROS1 translocated HCC78 cell line had phosphorylated levels of ROS1, AKT, and ERK inhibited by submicromolar doses of crizotinib, and subsequently underwent apoptosis. Conclusions: The ROS1-translocated HCC78 cell line was sensitive to inhibition by the multitargeted ALK/MET/RON/ROS1 inhibitor crizotinib. Preclinical data supports the clinical development of crizotinib for ROS1-translocated NSCLC.
Captopril and Nifedipine Interactions in the Treatment of Essential Hypertensives: A Crossover Study

In order to evaluate the antihypertensive effect and the tolerability of combination therapy with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril) and a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist (nifedipine) compared with monotherapy and placebo, we studied 32 uncomplicated essential hypertensives. At the end of a 1-month placebo washout period, their diastolic blood pressure was >105 and <120mmHg. The subjects then received, according to a double-blind randomized crossover design, captopril (50 mg twice daily), nifedipine (20 mg twice daily), captopril plus nifedipine at the same doses and the corresponding placebo, each treatment being given for 1 month. Both captopril and nifedipine significantly reduced mean blood pressure, which was further and significantly reduced by the combination of the two drugs. The decreases in mean blood pressure induced by nifedipine were significantly greater than those induced by captopril, and those induced by the combined therapy were significantly greater than those induced by either drug on monotherapy. The heart rate was significantly increased only by nifedipine, and to a similar, but not significant, extent by the combination therapy. Plasma renin activity was similarly and significantly increased and urinary aldosterone tended to decrease to a similar extent under the three active treatments. Adverse effects were mild to moderate in intensity; their incidence under captopril was lower than that under placebo, while the incidence under nifedipine and combined therapy was greater than under placebo. Ankle oedema disappeared under the combined therapy in three out of four patients who developed this side effect under nifedipine, although one additional patient developed ankle oedema under combination therapy. These data indicate that: (1) captopril and nifedipine are effective antihypertensive drugs with a balanced cost-benefit ratio, since even if nifedipine alone was more effective in reducing blood pressure, it was less well tolerated than captopril; (2) the combination of captopril and nifedipine exerted an additive antihypertensive effect without aggravating, and possibly even reducing, the incidence of adverse effects due to nifedipine. These findings confirm that the association of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor with a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist can be useful in the treatment of essential hypertension.
Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications Nmr Structure of the Protein Np_247299.1: Comparison with the Crystal Structure

The NMR structure of the protein NP_247299. 1 in solution at 313 K has been determined and is compared with the X-ray crystal structure, which was also solved in the Joint Center for Structural Genomics (JCSG) at 100 K and at 1.7 A ˚ resolution. Both structures were obtained using the current largely automated crystallographic and solution NMR methods used by the JCSG. This paper assesses the accuracy and precision of the results from these recently established automated approaches, aiming for quantitative statements about the location of structure variations that may arise from either one of the methods used or from the different environments in solution and in the crystal. To evaluate the possible impact of the different software used for the crystallographic and the NMR structure determinations and analysis, the concept is introduced of reference structures, which are computed using the NMR software with input of upper-limit distance constraints derived from the molecular models representing the results of the two structure determinations. The use of this new approach is explored to quantify global differences that arise from the different methods of structure determination and analysis versus those that represent interesting local variations or dynamics. The near-identity of the protein core in the NMR and crystal structures thus provided a basis for the identification of complementary information from the two different methods. It was thus observed that locally increased crystallographic B values correlate with dynamic structural poly-morphisms in solution, including that the solution state of the protein involves a slow dynamic equilibrium on a time scale of milliseconds or slower between two ensembles of rapidly interchanging conformers that contain, respectively, the cis or trans form of the C-terminal proline and represent about 25 and 75% of the total protein.
Recall of recommendations and adherence to advice among patients with chronic medical conditions.

BACKGROUND Patient adherence to treatment regimens may be a critical mediator between physician recommendations and patient outcomes, but levels of adherence have not been compared across disease groups, and patient self-reports have not been well validated. METHODS To determine recall of and adherence to physicians' recommendations among patients with chronic medical conditions and to measure the correspondence between self-reported adherence and disease activity, we analyzed data from the Medical Outcomes Study. A total of 1751 patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart disease were identified among 20,223 patients visiting family physicians, general internists, cardiologists, and endocrinologists in 1986. Main outcome measures included recall of 15 disease-specific recommendations, self-reported general and specific adherence, and correlations between adherence and clinical measures of disease activity and control. RESULTS Among patients in all three disease groups, the proportion recalling recommendations to take prescribed medications (> or = 90%) exceeded the fraction recalling recommendations to follow a restricted diet, exercise regularly, and perform various self-care activities (22% to 84%). Adherence to recalled recommendations was similar across conditions but varied markedly according to the nature of the recommendations; for example, 91% of diabetics took prescribed medications but 69% followed a diabetics diet and 19% engaged in regular exercise. Adherence to recommendations was correlated with reduced serum glucose (r = -.33) and glycohemoglobin (r = -.25) levels among insulin-dependent diabetics and with reduced diastolic blood pressure among patients with hypertension (r = -.15). CONCLUSIONS The majority of chronically ill patients failed to recall elements of potentially important medical advice and did not always adhere to advice that was recalled. Self-reported adherence was correlated with clinical measures of disease activity and control. Additional research is needed not only to improve adherence to medical advice in patients with chronic illnesses but also to determine which life-style changes are truly beneficial for these patients.
New union bound on the error probability of bit-interleaved space-time codes with finite interleaver sizes

A new union bound on the bit error probability of bit-interleaved space–time (BI-ST) coded systems is derived. Unlike existing performance analysis tools for BI-ST systems, the new bound provides a general framework for analysing the performance of BI-ST systems employing finite interleaver sizes. The derivation is based on the uniform interleaving assumption of the coded sequence prior to transmission over multiple antennas. The new bound is a function of the distance spectrum of the code, the signal constellation used and the space–time (ST) mapping scheme. The bound is derived for a general BI-ST coded system and applied to two specific examples, namely, the BI space–time coded modulation and the BI space–time block codes. Results show that the analysis provides a close approximation to the BI-ST performance for a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios. The analysis can also accurately characterise the performance differences between different interleaver sizes, which is a breakthrough in the analysis of BI-ST coded systems.
Sex Di erences in the Human Connectome

The human brain and the neuronal networks comprising it are of immense interest to the scienti c community. In this work, we focus on the structural connectivity of human brains, investigating sex di erences across male and female connectomes (brain-graphs) for the knowledge discovery problem Which brain regions exert di erences in connectivity across the two sexes? One of our main ndings discloses the statistical di erence at the pars orbitalis of the connectome between sexes, which has been shown to function in language production. Moreover, we use these discriminative regions for the related learning problem Can we classify a given human connectome to belong to one of the sexes just by analyzing its connectivity structure? We show that we can learn decision tree as well as support vector machine classi cation models for this task. We show that our models achieve up to 79% prediction accuracy with only a handful of brain regions as discriminating factors. Importantly, our results are consistent across two data sets, collected at two di erent centers, with two di erent scanning sequences, and two different age groups (children and elderly). This is highly suggestive that we have discovered scienti cally meaningful sex di erences.