Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reserve services provision by demand side resources in systems with high renewables penetration using stochastic optimization

It is widely recognized that renewable energy sources are likely to represent a significant portion of the production mix in many power systems around the world, a trend expected to be increasingly followed in the coming years due to environmental and economic reasons. Among the different endogenous renewable sources that may be used in order to achieve reductions in the carbon footprint related to the electricity sector and increase the economic efficiency of the generation mix, wind power generation has been one of the most popular options. However, despite the potential benefits that arise from the integration of these resources in the power system, their large-scale integration leads to additional problems due to the fact that their production is highly volatile. As a result, apart from the typical sources of uncertainty that the System Operators have to face, such as system contingencies and intra-hour load deviations, through the deployment of sufficient levels of reserve generation, additional reserves must be kept in order to maintain the balance between the generation and the consumption. Furthermore, a series of other problems arise, such as efficiency loss because of ramping of conventional units, environmental costs because of increased emissions due to suboptimal unit commitment and dispatch and more costly system operation and maintenance. Recently, it has been recognized that apart from the generation side, several types of loads may be deployed in order to provide system services and especially, different types of reserves, through demand response. The contribution of demand side reserves to accommodate higher levels of wind power generation penetration is likely to be of substantial importance in the future and therefore, the integration of these resources in the system operations needs to be thoroughly studied. This thesis deals with the aspects of demand response as regards the integration of wind power generation in the power system. First, a mapping of the current status of demand response internationally is attempted, followed also by a discussion concerning the opportunities, the benefits and the barriers to the widespread adoption of demand side resources. Then, several joint energy and reserve market structures are developed which explicitly incorporate demand side resources that may contribute to energy and reserve services. Two-stage stochastic programming is employed in order to capture the uncertainty of wind power generation. Moreover, several aspects of demand response are considered such as the capability of providing contingency and load following reserves, the appropriate modeling of industrial consumer processes load and the load recovery effect. Finally, this thesis investigates the effect of demand side resources on the risk that is associated with the decisions of the System Operator through appropriate risk management techniques, proposing also a novel methodology of handling risk as an alternative to the commonly used technique.
Translating the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure to Danish, addressing face and content validity

Abstract Background: The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) is a recognized assessment tool within Danish occupational therapy (OT), and translated versions of the COPM have been implemented in Danish OT practice. However, a rigorous translation and cross-cultural validation process has not been applied to these versions. Aims: To produce a new Danish translation of the COPM evaluating its semantic, conceptual, operational and item equivalence while addressing its face and content validity. Methods: An iterative, multistage translation process was undertaken with (1) forward translation involving professional translators and bilingual OTs, (2) pilot testing and cognitive debriefing interviews with 15 OTs and 37 clients which were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, and (3) finalization with adaptations, back translation and approval. Results: Content validity of COPM in terms of appropriateness, acceptability, intelligibility and comprehensiveness was found in 78–100% of the cases, and its ability to ensure a client-centred focus in the assessment process was confirmed. However, issues concerning the administration and content of the COPM were identified. Subsequently, two recommendations regarding the administration of the COPM were added to the Danish version. Conclusion: Semantic, conceptual, operational and aspects of item equivalence of the COPM into Danish were achieved and supported by face and content validity.
Pet Ownership and Health in Older Adults: Findings from a Survey of 2,551 Community-Based Australians Aged 60–64

Background: It is commonly assumed that owning a pet provides older residents in the community with health benefits including improved physical health and psychological well-being. It has also been reported that pet owners are lower on neuroticism and higher on extraversion compared with those without pets. However, findings of research on this topic have been mixed with a number of researchers reporting that, for older people, there is little or no health benefit associated with pet ownership. Objective: To identify health benefits associated with pet ownership and pet caring responsibilities in a large sample of older community-based residents. Methods: Using survey information provided by 2,551 individuals aged between 60 and 64 years, we compared the sociodemographic attributes, mental and physical health measures, and personality traits of pet owners and non-owners. For 78.8% of these participants, we were also able to compare the health services used, based on information obtained from the national insurer on the number of general practitioner (GP) visits they made over a 12-month period. Results: Compared with non-owners, those with pets reported more depressive symptoms while female pet owners who were married also had poorer physical health. We found that caring for a pet was associated with negative health outcomes including more symptoms of depression, poorer physical health and higher rates of use of pain relief medication. No relationship was found between pet ownership and use of GP services. When we examined the personality traits of pet owners and carers, we found that men who cared for pets had higher extraversion scores. Our principal and unexpected finding, however, was that pet owners and carers reported higher levels of psychoticism as measured by the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Conclusions: We conclude that pet ownership confers no health benefits for this age group. Instead, those with pets have poorer mental and physical health and use more pain relief medication. Further, our study suggests that those with pets are less conforming to social norms as indicated by their higher levels of psychoticism.
Medical comorbidity in women and men with schizophrenia

AbstractBACKGROUND: Persons with persistent mental illness are at risk for failure to receive medical services. In order to deliver appropriate preventive and primary care for this population, it is important to determine which chronic medical conditions are most common. OBJECTIVE: We examined chronic medical comorbidity in persons with schizophrenia using validated methodologies. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of longitudinal administrative claims data from Wellmark Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Iowa. PARTICIPANTS: Subjects with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (N=1,074), and controls (N=726,262) who filed at least 1 claim for medical services, 1996 to 2001. MEASUREMENTS: Case subjects had schizophrenia as the most clinically predominant psychotic disorder, based on psychiatric hospitalization, psychiatrist diagnoses, and outpatient care. Controls had no claims for any psychiatric comorbidity. Using a modified version of the Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, inpatient and outpatient claims were used to determine the prevalence of 46 common medical conditions. Odds ratios (ORs) were adjusted for age, gender, residence, and nonmental health care utilization using logistic regression. RESULTS: Subjects with schizophrenia were significantly more likely to have 1 or more chronic conditions compared with controls. Adjusted OR (95% confidence interval [CI]) were 2.62 (2.09 to 3.28) for hypothyrodisim, 1.88 (1.51 to 2.32) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2.11 (1.36 to 3.28) for diabetes with complications, 7.54 (3.55 to 15.99) for hepatitis C, 4.21 (3.25 to 5.44) for fluid/electrolyte disorders, and 2.77 (2.23 to 3.44) for nicotine abuse/dependence. CONCLUSIONS: Schizophrenia is associated with substantial chronic medical burden. Familiarity with conditions affecting persons with schizophrenia may assist programs aimed at providing medical care for the mentally ill.
Tissue-specific expression of murine IP-10 mRNA following systemic treatment with interferon gamma.

We have examined the tissue distribution of 10-kd inflammatory protein (IP-10) mRNA expression in C57Bl/6 mice injected intravenously (i.v.) with various inflammatory stimuli. IP-10 mRNA was strongly induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in liver and kidney but only poorly in skin, heart, and lung. IFN-gamma had nearly equivalent access to these tissues as indicated by the distribution of radiolabeled recombinant IFN-gamma 1 h after injection. The time course of IP-10 mRNA appearance was rapid and transient in both liver and kidney; maximal expression in the liver (2 h) preceded that in the kidney (3 h) and declined rapidly thereafter in both tissues. Expression of IP-10 mRNA in the liver and kidney was highly sensitive to IFN-gamma treatment; nearly maximal stimulation occurred with injection of 500 U of IFN-gamma per mouse. Comparable stimulation of IP-10 mRNA expression in splenic macrophages required 10,000 U of IFN-gamma administered i.v. , indicating that liver and kidney responses are 10- to 20-fold more sensitive. IP-10 mRNA expression in both tissues was not restricted to stimulation by IFN-gamma but was also seen with injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (25 micrograms/mouse) or IFN-beta (100,000 U/mouse). Two other members of the IP-10 gene family, KC (gro) and JE (MCP-1), were expressed at lower levels under similar treatment conditions. Analysis of IP-10 mRNA distribution in the liver and kidney by in situ hybridization indicated that expression in both tissues was most prominent in the reticuloendothelial cell system, particularly in the endothelial lining of the microvascular circulation. Although the function of the IP-10 gene product has not been defined, these results suggest that it may play an important role in the response of both the liver and kidney to systemic inflammation.
Modeling, analysis, and impedance design of battery energy stored single-phase quasi-Z source photovoltaic inverter system

The battery energy stored quasi-Z-source (BES-qZS) based photovoltaic (PV) power generation system combines advantages of the qZS inverter and the battery energy storage system. However, the second harmonic (2ω) power ripple will degrade the system's performance and affect the system's design. An accurate model to analyze the 2ω ripple is very important. The existing models did not consider the battery, and with the assumption L1=L2 and C1=C2, which causes the non-optimized design for the impedance parameters of qZS network. This paper proposes a comprehensive model for single-phase BES-qZS-PV inverter system, where the battery is considered and without any restriction of L1, L2, C1, and C2. A BES-qZS impedance design method based on the built model is proposed to mitigate the 2ω ripple. Simulation and experimental results verify the proposed 2ω ripple model and design method.
Rolling and stationary cytoadhesion of red blood cells parasitized by Plasmodium falciparum: separate roles for ICAM‐1, CD36 and thrombospondin

Summary. Adhesion of parasitized erythrocytes to microvascular endothelium is a central event in the pathogenesis of severe falciparum malaria. We have characterized the adhesion of flowing parasitized red blood cells to three of the known endothelial receptors coated on plastic surfaces (CD36, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) and thrombospondin (TSP)), and also to cells bearing these receptors (human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and platelets). All of the surfaces could mediate adhesion at wall shear stress within the physiological range. The great majority of adherent parasitized cells formed rolling rather than static attachments to HUVEC and ICAM‐1, whereas static attachments predominated for platelets, CD36 and TSP. Studies with monoclonal antibodies verified that binding the HUVEC was mainly via ICAM‐1, and to platelets via CD36. Adhesion via ICAM‐1 was least sensitive to increasing wall shear stress, but absolute efficiency of adhesion was greatest for CD36, followed by ICAM‐1, and least for TSP. TSP did not give long‐lasting adhesion under flow, whereas cells remained adherent to CD36 or ICAM‐1. We propose that the different receptors may have complementary roles in modulating adhesion in microvessels. Initial interaction at high wall shear stress may be of a rolling type, mediated by ICAM‐1 or other receptors, with immobilization and stabilization occurring via CD36 and/or TSP.
Relationship of Liver and Skeletal Muscle IGF-1 mRNA to Plasma GH Profile, Production of IGF-1 by Liver, Plasma IGF-1 Concentrations, and Growth Rates of Cattle 1

Abstract Growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) concentrations in blood plasma of 18 crossbred cattle (six bulls, six steers, and six heifers) were measured over an 8-hr period. One week later at slaughter, IGF-1 production by liver slices and IGF-1 mRNA concentrations in skeletal muscle and liver were measured. Bulls had higher (P < 0.05) mean plasma GH and GH peak amplitudes (P < 0.01) than heifers, and values for steers were intermediate between bulls and heifers. Baseline GH concentrations and number of GH peaks were not significantly different for the three groups. Bulls had 1.6-fold (P < 0.01) and 3.0-fold (P < 0.01) greater liver IGF-1 mRNA concentrations than steers or heifers, respectively, whereas the steers had 1.8-fold (P < 0.05) greater IGF-1 mRNA in liver than heifers. Production of IGF-1 by liver slices was greater (P < 0.05) in bulls than steers or heifers. Bulls had 1.3-fold greater plasma IGF-1 than steers (P < 0.01), whereas steers had 1.8-fold greater plasma IGF-1 than heifers (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in concentrations of skeletal muscle IGF-1 mRNA between the three groups of animals. Liver IGF-1 mRNA, liver IGF-1 production, and plasma IGF-1 were all significantly correlated with gain and mean GH peak amplitude, but not with GH baseline, GH peak frequency, or concentrations of T3 and T4. Concentrations of IGF-1 mRNA in skeletal muscle were not correlated to gain or any parameter of the GH profile. Plasma concentrations of T3 were significantly (P < 0.05) negatively correlated to plasma GH baseline concentrations. Muscle IGF-1 mRNA concentration was negatively related to plasma T4 and T3. The results of this study suggest that the cascade of events starting with secretion of GH from the pituitary, expression of liver IGF-1 mRNA, and secretion of IGF-1 by the liver are important phenomena for growth of cattle.
Hydrogel-Based Cell Therapies for Kidney Regeneration: Current Trends in  Biofabrication and In Vivo Repair

Facing the problems of limited renal regeneration capacity and the persistent shortage of do-nor kidneys, dialysis remains the only treatment option for many end-stage renal disease patients. Un-fortunately, dialysis is only a medium-term solution because large and protein-bound uremic solutes are not efficiently cleared from the body and lead to disease progression over time. Current strategies for improved renal replacement therapies (RRTs) range from whole organ engineering to biofabrication of renal assist devices and biological injectables for in vivo regeneration. Notably, all approaches coincide with the incorporation of cellular components and biomimetic micro-environments. Concerning the latter, hydrogels form promising materials as scaffolds and cell carrier systems due to the demonstrated biocompatibility of most natural hydrogels, tunable biochemical and mechanical properties, and various application possibilities. In this review, the potential of hydrogel-based cell therapies for kidney regen-eration is discussed. First, we provide an overview of current trends in the development of RRTs and in vivo regeneration options, before examining the possible roles of hydrogels within these fields. We dis-cuss major application-specific hydrogel design criteria and, subsequently, assess the potential of emer-gent biofabrication technologies, such as micromolding, microfluidics and electrodeposition for the development of new RRTs and injectable stem cell therapies.
Disaggregating and reaggregating work: Workers, management and the struggle over creating coherency and purpose in a context of work degradation

The article argues that whilst there is a growing sense of degradation and worsening conditions (disaggregation) of work in the cleaning sector in general, there are some important contradictions which require complex organisational responses. In the main, there is a growing sense of isolation in this work, yet also a growing perception of autonomy and workers having to use discretion in new and challenging ways. This article focuses on these issues and management responses to reaggregate the nature of such work, creating new forms of identity and activities intended to enhance (or address) the levels of stability and sustainability at work as well as in operational processes. This management conundrum means that they need to deal with a range of job-related, skill-oriented worker learning and also representation issues. These responses bring to the fore the contested nature of such forms of work and how they are changing.
Long-Term Impact of Donor-Recipient Size Mismatching in Deceased Donor Kidney Transplantation and in Expanded Criteria Donor Recipients

Background. The degree to which recipient/donor (R/D) size mismatching leads to nephron underdosing and worse kidney allograft survival remains poorly defined, particularly in the setting of preexisting nephron loss such as the expanded criteria donor (ECD). Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 69,737 deceased donor transplants followed by a subset analysis of ECD transplants using data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients from 1992 to 2005. Ratios of R/D body surface area (BSA) were used to estimate nephron disparity and segregate pairs. Results. In the entire cohort, severe BSA disparity (R/D BSA>1.38 m2) was associated with slightly worse 10-year unadjusted graft survival (35% for severe BSA disparity vs. 39% in pairs of comparable size, P<0.0001). In multivariate analysis, BSA disparity was associated with a 15% increased risk of graft loss (hazard ratio 1.15, P<0.0001). Within ECD cohorts, severe BSA disparity was associated with a decrease in 10-year unadjusted graft survival of greater magnitude than the overall cohort (10% for severe BSA disparity vs. 22% in pairs of comparable size, P<0.0004). On multivariate analysis, severe R/D BSA disparity was associated with worse allograft survival similar to the entire cohort (hazard ratio 1.18, P=0.04). Conclusions. Recipients receiving kidneys from substantially smaller donors have a statistically higher rate of graft loss that is more pronounced in ECD kidneys. Although severe R/D size disparity is an independent risk factor for graft loss, the magnitude of this risk requires consideration in the context of other risk factors for the graft loss and the hazards of dialysis.
Stabilizing Effect of a Local Defect on Chaotic Dynamics

Let Xi = F (Xi-1), where F is chaotic on a domain Ω of Rn. If F becomes insensitive, i.e. gives the same response, H, in an open subset of D of Ω, then F engenders locally stable periodic orbits. We discussed the relationship between F, D, H and the periods of these orbits. The idea of local defect might be of use in discussing chaos in health and disease.
Identification and cDNA cloning of a new member of the L2/HNK‐1 family of neural surface glycoproteins

Rabbit antibodies raised against a 135‐ to 140‐kD glycoprotein isolated from the culture medium of mouse forebrain explants were used for the identification and cloning of a complex of mouse neural cell surface glycoproteins. The antibodies recognized a 135‐kD surface protein which shared the L2/HNK‐1 epitope with several neural cell adhesion molecules. Three homologous complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) clones were isolated from a mouse brain cDNA library prepared in the expression vector lambda gt11, one of which was sequenced and found to lack sequence homologies with known proteins. In Northern blots, this clone hybridized with a single 6.3 kb messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). In immunoblots of mouse brain extracts, antibodies raised in rabbits against the fusion protein encoded by it stained two glycoproteins of 135 and 90 kD, which we designated F3.135 and F3.90. In the developing mouse cerebellum, F3 antigenic sites were found predominantly on parallel fibers and on postmitotic neurons. In fetal brain cell cultures, F3 antigen was detected at the surface of cells with neuronal morphology, but the antibodies also stained some non‐neuronal cells in a pattern characteristic of matrix components. Because all proteins carrying the L2/HNK‐1 epitope identified so far have a role in cell adhesion, it can be anticipated that the F3 surface proteins also are involved in cellinteraction phenomena.
Framing Ecological Validity in Occupational Therapy Practice

Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.wmich. edu/ojot Part of the Occupational Therapy Commons Copyright transfer agreements are not obtained by The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy (OJOT). Reprint permission for this article should be obtained from the corresponding author(s). Click here to view our open access statement regarding user rights and distribution of this article. DOI: 10.15453/2168-6408.1181
Foxp2 regulates neuronal differentiation and neuronal subtype specification

Mutations of the transcription factor FOXP2 in humans cause a severe speech and language disorder. Disruption of Foxp2 in songbirds or mice also leads to deficits in song learning or ultrasonic vocalization, respectively. These data suggest that Foxp2 plays important roles in the developing nervous system. However, the mechanism of Foxp2 in regulating neural development remains elusive. In the current study, we found that Foxp2 increased neuronal differentiation without affecting cell proliferation and cell survival in primary neural progenitors from embryonic forebrains. Foxp2 induced the expression of platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α, which mediated the neurognic effect of Foxp2. In addition, Foxp2 positively regulated the differentiation of medium spiny neurons derived from the lateral ganglionic eminence and negatively regulated the formation of interneurons derived from dorsal medial ganglionic eminence by interacting with the Sonic hedgehog pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that Foxp2 regulates multiple aspects of neuronal development in the embryonic forebrain. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 723–738, 2014