Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Content Based Image Retrieval Using Embedded Neural Networks with Bandletized Regions

One of the major requirements of content based image retrieval (CBIR) systems is to ensure meaningful image retrieval against query images. The performance of these systems is severely degraded by the inclusion of image content which does not contain the objects of interest in an image during the image representation phase. Segmentation of the images is considered as a solution but there is no technique that can guarantee the object extraction in a robust way. Another limitation of the segmentation is that most of the image segmentation techniques are slow and their results are not reliable. To overcome these problems, a bandelet transform based image representation technique is presented in this paper, which reliably returns the information about the major objects found in an image. For image retrieval purposes, artificial neural networks (ANN) are applied and the performance of the system and achievement is evaluated on three standard data sets used in the domain of CBIR.
Therapeutic Inertia Is an Impediment to Achieving the Healthy People 2010 Blood Pressure Control Goals

Therapeutic inertia (TI), defined as the providers’ failure to increase therapy when treatment goals are unmet, contributes to the high prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension (≥140/90 mm Hg), but the quantitative impact is unknown. To address this gap, a retrospective cohort study was conducted on 7253 hypertensives that had ≥4 visits and ≥1 elevated blood pressure (BP) in 2003. A 1-year TI score was calculated for each patient as the difference between expected and observed medication change rates with higher scores reflecting greater TI. Antihypertensive therapy was increased on 13.1% of visits with uncontrolled BP. Systolic BP decreased in patients in the lowest quintile of the TI score but increased in those in the highest quintile (−6.8±0.5 versus +1.8±0.6 mm Hg; P<0.001). Individuals in the lowest TI quintile were ≈33 times more likely to have their BP controlled at the last visit than those in highest quintile (odds ratio, 32.7; 95% CI, 25.1 to 42.6; P<0.0001). By multivariable analysis, TI accounted for ≈19% of the variance in BP control. If TI scores were decreased ≈50%, that is, increasing medication dosages on ≈30% of visits, BP control would increase from the observed 45.1% to a projected 65.9% in 1 year. This study confirms the high rate of TI in uncontrolled hypertensive subjects. TI has a major impact on BP control in hypertensive subjects receiving regular care. Reducing TI is critical in attaining the Healthy People 2010 goal of controlling hypertension in 50% of all patients.
Improving dictionary-based code compression in VLIW architectures

Reducing code size is crucial in embedded systems as well as in high-performance systems to overcome the communication bottleneck between memory and CPU, especially with VLIW (Very Long Instruction Word) processors that require a high-bandwidth instruction prefetching. This paper presents a new approach for dictionary-based code compression in VLIW processor-based systems using isomorphism among instruction words. After we divide instruction words into two groups, one for opcode group and the other for operand group, the proposed compression algorithm is applied to each group for maximal code compression. Frequently-used instruction words are extracted from the original code to be mapped into two dictionaries, an opcode dictionary and an operand dictionary. According to the SPEC95 benchmarks, the proposed technique has achieved an average code compression ratio of 63%, 69%, and 71% in a 4-issue, 8-issue, and 12-issue VLIW architecture, respectively. key words: code compression, VLIW architecture
Bone Replacement Materials and Techniques Used for Achieving Vertical Alveolar Bone Augmentation

Alveolar bone augmentation in vertical dimension remains the holy grail of periodontal tissue engineering. Successful dental implant placement for restoration of edentulous sites depends on the quality and quantity of alveolar bone available in all spatial dimensions. There are several surgical techniques used alone or in combination with natural or synthetic graft materials to achieve vertical alveolar bone augmentation. While continuously improving surgical techniques combined with the use of auto- or allografts provide the most predictable clinical outcomes, their success often depends on the status of recipient tissues. The morbidity associated with donor sites for auto-grafts makes these techniques less appealing to both patients and clinicians. New developments in material sciences offer a range of synthetic replacements for natural grafts to address the shortcoming of a second surgical site and relatively high resorption rates. This narrative review focuses on existing techniques, natural tissues and synthetic biomaterials commonly used to achieve vertical bone height gain in order to successfully restore edentulous ridges with implant-supported prostheses.
Unconscious perception : Assumptions and interpretive difficulties q , qq

Reingold and MerikleÕs (1988, 1990) critique of the classic dissociation paradigm identified several issues as inherent problems that severely undermine the utility of this paradigm. Erdelyi (2004) extending his prior analysis (Erdelyi, 1985, 1986) points out several additional factors that may complicate the interpretation of empirically obtained dissociations. The goal of the present manuscript is to further discuss some of these commonly neglected interpretive difficulties.
Evaluating Computer Screen Time and Its Possible Link to Psychopathology in the Context of Age: A Cross-Sectional Study of Parents and Children

Background Several studies have suggested that high levels of computer use are linked to psychopathology. However, there is ambiguity about what should be considered normal or over-use of computers. Furthermore, the nature of the link between computer usage and psychopathology is controversial. The current study utilized the context of age to address these questions. Our hypothesis was that the context of age will be paramount for differentiating normal from excessive use, and that this context will allow a better understanding of the link to psychopathology. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 185 parents and children aged 3–18 years were recruited in clinical and community settings. They were asked to fill out questionnaires regarding demographics, functional and academic variables, computer use as well as psychiatric screening questionnaires. Using a regression model, we identified 3 groups of normal-use, over-use and under-use and examined known factors as putative differentiators between the over-users and the other groups. Results After modeling computer screen time according to age, factors linked to over-use were: decreased socialization (OR 3.24, Confidence interval [CI] 1.23–8.55, p = 0.018), difficulty to disengage from the computer (OR 1.56, CI 1.07–2.28, p = 0.022) and age, though borderline-significant (OR 1.1 each year, CI 0.99–1.22, p = 0.058). While psychopathology was not linked to over-use, post-hoc analysis revealed that the link between increased computer screen time and psychopathology was age-dependent and solidified as age progressed (p = 0.007). Unlike computer usage, the use of small-screens and smartphones was not associated with psychopathology. Conclusions The results suggest that computer screen time follows an age-based course. We conclude that differentiating normal from over-use as well as defining over-use as a possible marker for psychiatric difficulties must be performed within the context of age. If verified by additional studies, future research should integrate those views in order to better understand the intricacies of computer over-use.
Business process architectures: overview, comparison and framework

With the uptake of business process modelling in practice, the demand grows for guidelines that lead to consistent and integrated collections of process models. The notion of a business process architecture has been explicitly proposed to address this. This paper provides an overview of the prevailing approaches to design a business process architecture. Furthermore, it includes evaluations of the usability and use of the identified approaches. Finally, it presents a framework for business process architecture design that can be used to develop a concrete architecture. The use and usability were evaluated in two ways. First, a survey was conducted among 39 practitioners, in which the opinion of the practitioners on the use and usefulness of the approaches was evaluated. Second, four case studies were conducted, in which process architectures from practice were analysed to determine the approaches or elements of approaches that were used in their design. Both evaluations showed that practitioners have a preference for using approaches that are based on reference models and approaches that are based on the identification of business functions or business objects. At the same time, the evaluations showed that practitioners use these approaches in combination, rather than selecting a single approach.
The Arabidopsis miR472-RDR6 Silencing Pathway Modulates PAMP- and Effector-Triggered Immunity through the Post-transcriptional Control of Disease Resistance Genes

RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE 6 (RDR6) is a key RNA silencing factor initially characterized in transgene silencing and virus resistance. This enzyme also contributes to the biosynthesis of endogenous short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) from non-coding RNAs, transposable elements and protein-coding transcripts. One class of protein-coding transcripts that have recently emerged as major sources of RDR6-dependent siRNAs are nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins, a family of immune-receptors that perceive specific pathogen effector proteins and mount Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI). Nevertheless, the dynamic post-transcriptional control of NB-LRR transcripts during the plant immune response and the functional relevance of NB-LRRs in signaling events triggered by Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) remain elusive. Here, we show that PTI is constitutive and sensitized in the Arabidopsis rdr6 loss-of-function mutant, implicating RDR6 as a novel negative regulator of PTI. Accordingly, rdr6 mutant exhibits enhanced basal resistance towards a virulent Pseudomonas syringae strain. We further provide evidence that dozens of CC-NB-LRRs (CNLs), including the functionally characterized RPS5 gene, are post-transcriptionally controlled by RDR6 both constitutively and during PTI. These CNL transcripts are also regulated by the Arabidopsis microRNA miR472 and knock-down of this miRNA recapitulates the PTI and basal resistance phenotypes observed in the rdr6 mutant background. Furthermore, both miR472 and rdr6 mutants were more resistant to Pto DC3000 expressing AvrPphB, a bacterial effector recognized by the disease resistance protein RPS5, whereas transgenic plants overexpressing miR472 were more susceptible to this bacterial strain. Finally, we show that the enhanced basal and RPS5-mediated resistance phenotypes observed in the rdr6 mutant are dependent on the proper chaperoning of NB-LRR proteins, and might therefore be due to the enhanced accumulation of CNL proteins whose cognate mRNAs are no longer controlled by RDR6-dependent siRNAs. Altogether, this study supports a model whereby the miR472- and RDR6-mediated silencing pathway represents a key regulatory checkpoint modulating both PTI and ETI responses through the post-transcriptional control of disease resistance genes.
Factors Explaining Teachers' ICT Use and Productivity in Technology- Enriched Classrooms

The paper reports on an exploratory, longitudinal study, which examined six teachers’ views on the factors explaining teachers' technology use and productivity in a technology-enriched classroom environment in grades 4 to 6. Three case studies were selected for analysis for exploring the relation between these views, and the changes that occurred in the teachers’ educational beliefs and practices with technology-based instruction. The findings point to two developmental patterns in teachers’ views on the factors affecting technology use in the classroom: the first is concerned with the source of influence on technology adoption, and focuses mainly on the human factor; The second is concerned with the nature of the influence when using technology in the classroom, ranging from technical to cognitive transformation. The three case studies reveal the complexity of the relations between teachers’ views concerning the supporters and inhibitors of technology use, and the changes that occur in teachers’ views and practices.
Discussion on Kolmogorov Complexity and Statistical Analysis

The question why and how probability theory can be applied to the real-world phenomena has been discussed for several centuries. When the algorithmic information theory was created, it became possible to discuss these problems in a more specific way. In particular, Li and Vitányi [6], Rissanen [3], Wallace and Dowe [7] have discussed the connection between Kolmogorov (algorithmic) complexity and minimum description length (minimum message length) principle. In this note we try to point out a few simple observations that (we believe) are worth keeping in mind while discussing these topics.
Sitting posture diagnosis using a pressure sensor mat

It is well known that taking wrong sitting posture all day long is harmful for health. However, quantifying the degree of collapse of posture is not so easy. Typically, checking the video of sitting state or examining the spinal curves in radiograph is made so far, but it needs a clinical specialist for diagnosis. In this paper, for attaining this goal more easily, we give a device usable in daily life. We measure a time series of the pressure distributions obtained from a mat with 16×16 pressure sensors put on a chair. More concretely we analyze the sitting person's move direction and the amount, and make a daily diagnosis report aiming at helping his/her own notice. Through the experiments using two subjects who spent around three hours at the chair, a possibility of automatic and daily-basis diagnosis of sitting posture is demonstrated.
Multiuser Two Way Relaying Schemes in the Future Cellular Network

We propose a set of multiuser two-way relay beam-forming schemes in the cellular network. While the previous schemes are applicable only when there exist a single base station (BS) and a single relay station (RS) with the same number of antennas, multiple BSs or multiple RSs can exist in the proposed scheme without such restriction on the numbers of antennas. The degree of freedoms (DoF) achievable are analyzed and conditions to achieve these DoF values are presented. Both the decode-and-forward (DaF) protocol and amplify-and-forward (AaF) protocol are considered. It turns out that the channel alignment and the interference alignment in the multi-cell environment act the key roles in the development. We also provide an interference alignment scheme in the multi-cell environment that improves the achievable DoF values upon those of the previous schemes. The simulation results corroborate that the proposed beam-forming works as analyzed.
Ratings Prediction Using Linear Regression on Text Reviews

Because (1) could not be solved exactly due to problems with matrix singularity and memory contraints, we used stochastic gradient descent to minimize both objective functions in (1),(2). In order to speed up learning, we used the “Corrected SGD-QN” algorithm [1], which estimates a diagonal approximation of the Hessian every few iterations. This algorithm corrects some theoretical flaws in the algorithm presented in the original “Stochastic Gradient Descent Quasi-Newton” (SGD-QN) algorithm [2]. In addition to computing a Hessian estimate, this algorithm ignores the regularization term when performing most updates and only performs a large
A national survey of cigarette smoking in fourth-form school children in New Zealand.

AIMS To determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking in 14 and 15 year old school children in New Zealand and to examine associated risk factors. METHODS Nationwide cross-sectional survey of fourth-form school children in New Zealand by means of an anonymous self administered questionnaire in November 1992. RESULTS Questionnaires from 14,097 fourteen and fifteen year-olds were analysed. 65.6% had tried smoking, and 36.1% regarded themselves as smokers. Females and Maori had significantly higher prevalence rates. Of Maori females 44.6% were current smokers (more than one per month) compared to 24.0% for the whole group, and 33.0% were daily smokers. Pacific Island students, who have similar socioeconomic disadvantage to Maori, have a lower relative risk of smoking (RR) 0.79, (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68, 0.91), than Europeans. Major independent risk factors were identified and population attributable risk was calculated for parental smoking (22.9%), poor knowledge of adverse health effects (7.3%) and watching televised sports (13.4%). These three modifiable factors accounted for 36.1% of the total smoking prevalence in these children. CONCLUSION The continued high prevalence of smoking in New Zealand children, especially in Maori and in females, prove current public health measures to be inadequate. Our results suggest that strategies aimed at decreasing parental smoking, improving student knowledge of adverse health effects and preventing tobacco sponsorship of television sports could greatly decrease the smoking prevalence in this age group.
Open Questions in Tiling

In the following survey, we consider connections between several open questions regarding tilings in general settings. Along the way, we support a careful revision of the de nition of aperiodicity, and pose several new conjectures. We also give several new examples. Over the years a number of interesting questions have been asked about the combinatorial complexity of tilings in the plane or other spaces. Here we consider several of these questions, and their connections, in a very general setting. Our most general question is simply: \How complex can the behaviour of a given protoset be? " Figure 1: A monohedral tiling A protoset may behave in many ways: First, a protoset might admit no tilings whatsoever. In this case, as long as the setting isn't too pathological, there is some upper bound on the size of con gurations that this protoset can form (for if the protoset admits arbitratrily large con gurations, one can produce a tiling of the entire space; cf. Theorem 3.8.1 in [16]). One measure of this bound is the Heesch number of the protoset, de ned below. Or if a protoset does admit tilings, it might admit \strongly periodic" tilings| that is tilings with a symmetry that has a compact fundamental domain; or it might admit only \weakly periodic" tilings| tilings with a in nite cyclic symmetry, but not necessarily a compact fundamental domain. (In the Euclidean plane, ruling out certain pathologies, weak and strong periodicity coincide (see Theorem 3.7.1 in [16]), though not in higher dimensions or in hyperbolic space. ) If the protoset admits strongly periodic tilings then there is some lower bound on the number of orbits of the prototiles in such a tiling. One measure of this is the isohedral number of the protoset de ned below. We have a third outcome: a protoset admits tilings but no periodic tilings whatsoever. In this case, we can ask if the protoset is \aperiodic", a most remarkable property. We can go further, and even ask if the protoset is \non-recursive", that is, does the protoset admit tilings but only tilings that cannot be produced by any algorithm (local or otherwise) [18, 31].
Fitting Finite Mixture Model to Exchange Rate Using Maximum Likelihood Estimation

Exchange rate has great influence to the inflation and economic growth for a country. The importance of currency is that the great influence on import and export prices with the changes of exchange rate. Thus, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is used to fit finite mixture model. In this paper, a two- component mixture of normal distribution is used to analysis the return value of nominal monthly exchange rate for Malaysia, Thailand and Philippines by using maximum likelihood estimation. The data collected for this paper is taken from July 2005 until September 2012.
Effectiveness of Communication Interpersonal Relations with Achievement Motivation and Mental Toughness

: The purpose of this research is (1) to assess the effectiveness of interpersonal communication related to the achievement motivation of athletes; (2) to assess the effectiveness of interpersonal communication related mental toughness athletes, (3) to assess the effectiveness of interpersonal communication related to achievement motivation and mental toughness athlete athletes. Samples of this study were as many as 44 people of West Java PPLP team athletes, of the total population of 44 athletes, method used in this study was a survey method. Survey methods were used to obtain data from a particular place is natural (not artificial), but researchers do treatment in the collection of data, such as circulating questionnaires, tests, structured interviews and so on. Results of this study was obtained coefficients a (0.35) and the coefficients b (0.51) is significant, which means that the effectiveness of interpersonal communication discount affecting relations achievement motivation and achievement motivation relationships affect mental toughness athlete means of communication will provide a higher impact if through achievement motivation. This shows that the model of mediation (intervening variables). The value of the coefficient c '(direct effect = 0.32) were statistically significant, meaning that there is the effectiveness of interpersonal communication that affects the mental toughness when controlled athlete achievement motivation.
The Relationship between Positivity and Fear of Happiness in People Applying to Graduate Programs in Physical Education and Sports Department

Individuals' perspectives are influencing many factors. For this reason, a positive point of view is also an important factor. This perspective affects many negative situations. One of these situations is fear of happiness. The aim of the study with this thought is to examine the relationship between positivity and fear of happiness in people applying to the graduate programs of Physical Education and Sports Department. Study sample consists of 38 women and 83 men who applied to the graduate programs of the Department of Physical Education and Sports of Marmara University in the spring semester of 2016-2017 academic year. Data were collected using the 'Positivity Scale' developed by Caprara et al. (2012) and adapted to the Turkish language by Cikrikci et al. (2015). Data were descriptively analyzed using t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson Correlation test for independent groups. Participants’ positivity and fear of happiness levels do not significantly differ by gender and age. However, there is a moderate negative correlation between their positivity and fear of happiness levels.
TRACKING MOVING OBJECTS B Y A MOBILE CAMERA MS-CIS-88-97 Sailg

A system for video tracking of a moving object by the robot-held camera is presented, and efficient tracking methods are proposed. We describe our initial implementation of a system which is capable of tracking a single moving object against highly textured background. A pyramid-based image processor, PVM-1 is employed to support some fast algorithms in locating the moving object from the difference image. Object tracking is accomplished in the static look-and-move mode by the translational motion of a CCD camera mounted on the robot arm. Discussion is given on the implementation of tracking filters and on the effective utilization of multi-resolution processing for the object searching. Finally a method for dynamic look-andmove tracking is proposed for the future improvement of tracking performance.