Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploiting job transition patterns for effective job recommendation

E-recruitment sites such as LinkedIn, Reed, and Indeed have a huge number of professional resumes from job seekers and job openings posted by recruiters. In this situation, it is a very time-consuming task for job seekers to find job openings that are well matched to their careers and desired conditions. Accordingly, active studies on job recommendation (JR) have been conducted recently. In this paper, we address the important property of transition patterns in JR that previous studies have overlooked. To incorporate the property into JR, we first propose two data modeling methods of adjacent pairing and all paring that represent a career path of a job seeker as a set of job pairs. Then, we propose frequency-based and graph-based methods of preference inference based on the data modeling methods. Finally, we develop four recommendation approaches, AdjacentFreq, AllFreq, AdjacentGraph, and AllGraph, each of which is a combination of two data modeling methods and two preference inference methods. Through extensive experiments using a real-life dataset, we show that our proposed approaches effectively address the unique property of JR. Also, we show that JR utilizing the transition information provides accuracy higher than JR not using the information.
Effectiveness of the influenza vaccine at preventing hospitalization due to acute exacerbation of cardiopulmonary disease in Korea from 2011 to 2012

There is a lack of targeted studies to validate the effectiveness of influenza vaccination on the reduction in influenza-related hospitalizations among patients with co-morbidities. In this study, we estimate the effectiveness of influenza vaccination on preventing hospitalizations in persons with cardiopulmonary disease and establish an evidence base for recommendations on influenza vaccination in this population. During the influenza epidemic in 2011–2012, we performed a multicenter, retrospective case-control study. Cases were patients hospitalized due to acute exacerbation of asthma, COPD, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and congestive heart failure (CHF). Controls were selected from outpatients who visited study hospitals but who were not hospitalized. Cases and controls were matched 1:1 based on age, gender, and date of hospital visit. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to determine the effectiveness of vaccination. Between 25 December 2011 and 5 May 2012, 828 of each hospitalized and control subjects were identified. The influenza vaccination rate of the hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients was 54.2% and 60.4%, respectively (P = 0.006). The overall vaccine effectiveness for preventing hospitalization was 33.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 14.0–49.0%; P = 0.002). Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that influenza vaccination significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization, especially due to acute exacerbation of IHD and CHF, in patients aged 65 y and older. The estimated vaccine effectiveness in these patients was 56.0% (95% CI 32.1–71.4%, P = 0.002). Influenza vaccination was associated with a reduction in the risk of hospitalization due to acute exacerbation of cardiopulmonary disease. We recommend the vaccine be given primarily to patients with underlying cardiovascular disease, particularly those 65 y of age and older.
Dilemmas of Democratic Decentralisation in Mangochi District, Malawi: Interest and Mistrust in Fisheries Management

To establish 'participatory' fisheries management, in 1993 Malawi's Fisheries Department constituted elected Beach Village Committees (BVCs) with village headmen as ex-officio members. But, struggles between elected BVC members and traditional authorities (TAs) over benefits from fisheries undermined the authority of elected members. Legal ambiguity on who should make decisions facilitated the takeover by headmen. Further, the BVC was elected by the population as a whole, representing more than just the fishers, whom these committees were designed to control. This resulted in the sabotaging of the BVCs activities by the fishers. Under these conditions, representing the whole population undermined the effec­tiveness of the BVCs. In 1998, decentralisation reforms placed 'community inclusion' in fisheries man­agement under Village Development Committees (VDCs), whose members would be appointed by elected District Assemblies (DAs). This reform is likely to unleash a struggle over BVC-VDC relations. But, different visions of decentralisation, shared mistrust of local democracy, higher level battles for au­thority among the government, politicians and TAs stalled the decentralisation process. Donors support­ing these reforms were also mistrustful of representative local institutions. The institutions chosen and recognised by the government under donor pressure are the sites of political struggles in which represen­tation, a sense of belonging and downward accountability are losing ground.
Trump team targets key climate metric.

President-elect Donald Trump has made no secret of his intention to dramatically reshape U.S. climate and energy policy. He has named staunch allies of the fossil fuel industry to lead the Environmental Protection Agency and the state and energy departments, and promised to walk away from international climate agreements. And last week a provocative leaked memo hinted at another likely element of the incoming administration's plan for weakening climate regulations: tweaking an obscure, but increasingly utilized, economic measure that tallies the costs and benefits of controlling carbon pollution. The leaked memo, which included 74 questions from Trump's Department of Energy (DOE) transition team to agency officials, caused a stir because it asked for the names of agency employees involved in developing climate policy. The transition team was silent on why it asked for the names, and DOE ultimately refused to provide them, but the move spurred fears that the new administration would seek to fire or punish those employees, and it drew condemnation from science advocacy groups and some lawmakers in Congress. Many of the other questions have a technical flavor, asking about DOE's role in developing the nitty-gritty statistical and economic data that often underpins regulatory efforts. One set of inquiries, for example, focuses on an economic measure called the social cost of carbon (SCC), which attempts to quantify the economic damage associated with carbon emissions and the climate change they drive. The measure has played a role in developing more than 100 regulations, and as economist Michael Greenstone of the University of Chicago in Illinois, who served as a senior economic official in the Obama administration, puts it, "If you want to be hostile to climate regulations, the SCC is kind of a pivot joint. "
Three of the seven bphC genes of Rhodococcus erythropolis TA421, isolated from a termite ecosystem, are located on an indigenous plasmid associated with biphenyl degradation

Rhodococcus erythropolis TA421, a polychlorinated biphenyl and biphenyl degrader isolated from a termite ecosystem, has seven bphC genes expressing 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase activity. R. erythropolis TA421 harbored a large and probably linear plasmid on which three (bphC2, bphC3, and bphC4) of the seven bphC genes were located. A non-biphenyl-degrading mutant, designated strain TA422, was obtained spontaneously from R. erythropolis TA421. TA422 lacked the plasmid, suggesting that the three bphC genes were involved in the degradation of biphenyl. Southern blot analyses showed that R. erythropolis TA421 and Rhodococcus globerulus P6 have a similar set of bphC genes and that the genes for biphenyl catabolism are located on plasmids of different sizes. These results indicated that the genes encoding the biphenyl catabolic pathway in Rhodococcus strains are borne on plasmids.
Triangular patch slot antenna for ultra wideband application

The intent this paper is to introduce a modified design of triangular patch printed slot antenna used for ultra wide band (UWB) applications ranging for 3.1 to 10.6 Ghz. Antenna element was feed by coplanar waveguide (CPW) for the suitable interfacing with monolithic microwave integrated circuits. Here it has been presented by simulation results that the antenna can cover wide bandwidth with suitable return loss.
Maximization Paradox: Result of Believing in an Objective Best

The results from four studies provide reliable evidence of how beliefs in an objective best influence the decision process and subjective feelings. A belief in an objective best serves as the fundamental mechanism connecting the concept of maximizing and the maximization paradox (i.e., expending great effort but feeling bad when making decisions, Study 1), and randomly chosen decision makers operate similar to maximizers once they are manipulated to believe that the best is objective (Studies 2A, 2B, and 3). In addition, the effect of a belief in an objective best on the maximization paradox is moderated by the presence of a dominant option (Study 3). The findings of this research contribute to the maximization literature by demonstrating that believing in an objective best leads to the maximization paradox. The maximization paradox is indeed the result of believing in an objective best.
Employment Policy in Developing Countries: A Survey of Issues and Evidence

This survey is concerned with three issues: the sectoral structure of the labor force; unemployment; and underemployment. This book provides a statistical overview of these three issues. Historical and cross-sectional comparisons are used to place in perspective the quantitative dimensions of the growth of population, labor force, sectoral employment, and the supply of educated labor. Recent trends in labor productivity, developments in real wages, and estimates of unemployment and underemployment are also reviewed. The operations of labor markets and the determination of wages are discussed, especially the operation of urban labor markets. Simple numerical exercises illustrate the quantitative significance of the elimination of institutionally induced distortions in the market for unskilled labor. The causes of educated unemployment are also examined. Selected policies affecting, respectively, labor demand and supply are reviewed. On the demand side three policies are considered: the promotion of manufacturing, the development of agriculture, and efforts to increase the efficiency of capital markets. On the supply side, population programs are obviously relevant; education policy is also considered because of the high rates of unemployment recorded for educated labor.
Promoting Regional Cooperation: The EU in South Eastern Europe

Promoting regional cooperation has been one of the EU priorities in South Eastern Europe since the mid-1990s. However, the EU's regional approach has often been weakened by the prevailing bilateral dimension of its policies towards SEE countries, and not adequately supported by stringent conditionality. Nevertheless, recent progress has been achieved in several specific areas of regional cooperation, such as trade, energy and parliamentary cooperation, and countries of the region are increasingly assuming responsibility on cooperation processes, as the transition from the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe to the regionally owned and led Regional Cooperation Council seems to prove.
Transition Densities of Diffusion Processes

Trying to build option models with price dynamics that better match empirical price behavior, we run into the problem that only a few returns processes, like the standard Black-Scholes lognormal diffusion, lead to closed form solutions for the transition densities. Generally these must be approximated numerically, using one of a variety of approaches. The Euler approximation is probably the most common technique of discretizing the process, but others are also in use, including the Milshtein scheme. Monte Carlo simulation is another approach. Simulation methods may make use of (pseudo-) random numbers, or deterministic quasi-random sequences that may be more efficient. Alternatives include the binomial model, Hermite expansions, and more. In this article, Jensen and Poulsen examine the comparative performance of a large number of approximation techniques in terms of accuracy and execution time. The winner in their tests, by a surprisingly large margin, is the Hermite expansion approach.
From Hunting and Gathering to Agriculture

The purpose of this article is to provide a simple economic general equilibrium model of one of the most important prehistoric eventsthe transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture. It is hoped that such a model will help focus the discussion about this important occurrence and that it will aid in identifying the implications of the many hypotheses that have been put forth to explain why, when, and where the transition to agriculture took place. Viewed in the proper time frame, the transition to agriculture was dramatic in terms of the large number of people and the relatively short time period involved, as well as the enormous accompanying changes in the way people lived their lives. For about 4 million years man lived by harvesting wild foods. Slightly more than 10,000 years B.P. (before the present) the transition to agriculture began, and by 2,000 years B.P. the vast majority of people depended on agriculture as their main form of subsistence. ' Of course, it was not only subsistence pursuits that changed. For example, estimates of population growth rates for the early agricultural period (Neolithic) are around 100 times greater than those for the hunting-gathering period.2 Estimates of population density are correspondingly higher for the agricultural period. It has been claimed that the transition in France was accompanied by a hundredfold increase in population, as opposed to a tenfold increase between the period of early farming and the present.3 The early theories of the transition, dating back to the Greeks, viewed the human economy as developing in a series of stages, with agriculture being the last stage.4 These were later modified by the introduction of environmental differences to explain why in some regions development stopped short of the last stage, or why development took place at different rates across regions. This approach fell into disfavor when the traditional sequence of stages (hunting-gathering, pastoral nomadism, agriculture) was shown to be incorrect. Rather than altering the sequence of stages, a different approach became
A Model for Agricultural Education in Public Schools

ProfessorThe Ohio State UniversityAgricultural education in public schools has a rich heritage of developing studentpersonal skills as well as providing abilities needed in agricultural employment throughclassroom and laboratory instruction, supervised experience, and FFA activities. Over theyears, agriculture programs have evolved to better serve the needs of students. Recentchanges in the agricultural industry, student population, society, education system, andthe work place necessitate expanding the scope of public school agricultural education tomeet the needs of today’s students.For many years, the agricultural education program has been illustrated by a diagramof three overlapping circles representing classroom instruction, FFA. and supervisedexperience. That diagram inferred that, while some activities overlaped and were highlyrelated, there were activities of SOE and FFA that were not related to classroom andlaboratory instruction. Further, the context of school and community for the totalagricultural education program was not apparent.To more accurately reflect agriculturaleducation, a new model was developed representing the total agriculture program withinthe context of the current educational environment.This article focuses on thephilosophy of that model and its rationale.
A study on Chinese management style for projects-recipe for growing economies of the world

Purpose – Out of all the countries that rose in a mercurial fashion, after the Second World War, the People ' s Republic of China (in short, China) has emerged as an all-pervasive dominant nation in the world. It has been giving a stiff competition to the well-developed western nations in all facets of its national growth. Despite the fact that work extracted under duress will not excel in qualitative terms, almost all the large projects that the country has undertaken have been of spectacular success raising every nation ' s eyebrows. At the same time, it is very glaring to note, that despite India too enjoying similar infrastructure growth facilities, and as the other fastest growing economy of the world, has not been able to keep pace with China ' s growth in equal proportions. In order to unearth the causal factors which are aiding China, when compared with its nearest rival India, for its major successes in implementing large infrastructure projects, an empirical, investigative study has been underta.
The Nature of a Dynamic Relationship between Audit Committee and Auditors, Both Internal and External

Good corporate governance is now considered a basic condition to accept and register an organization in most of the Stock Exchange Markets all over the world. The audit committee plays a major role in corporate governance regarding the organization’s direction, control, and accountability; part of which is the organization’s internal control which is used to provide reasonable assurance about the integrity of management and reliability of the financial reporting. This paper focuses on the audit committee’s powers and functions. The importance of the audit committee’s oversight and monitoring responsibilities to the organizations’ board of directors, shareholders, and other stakeholders, as well as to governing and regulating bodies, have been increasing, especially after the corporate collapse and the passage of the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Consequently, most publicly held companies all over the world have been asked to establish and maintain audit committees. These companies and other types of organizations do establish and maintain audit committees to oversee and monitor their overall financial performance, including overseeing the preparation of the financial statements and other financial reports, as well as monitoring the external and internal auditors’ performance. The relationship between the audit committee and both external and internal auditors is important for all parties to fulfill their job commitments. An organization’s board of directors relies on the audit committee’s reports about matters related to managing, directing and controlling the organization. The audit committee acts as a link, and facilitates the communications, between the board of directors and both internal and external auditors.
Child Labor: A Microeconomic Perspective

In an empirical microeconomic analysis that allows individual heterogeneity, we test four main hypotheses from the recent macroeconomic literature on child labor: the substitution, subsistence, capital market and parental education hypotheses. Using two rich Indian data sets, we find that the reduction in child labor and/or non-school-enrollment from 1987/88 to 1993/94 is closely associated with the increased household incomes. However, reduced capital constraints and improved literacy rates among the parent generation also play minor roles in increasing enrollment rates. A small counteracting effect comes from an increased need for and an increased value of substituting children for working household heads.
Evolution of Information Systems Research

The field of i nformation systems (IS) has evolved along with the development of information technology and applications over the past twenty years. It is important to understand how the research issues have evolved in the past and what are the driving force underlying the evolution. An excellent area for exploring these issues can be found in research articles published in IS-related journals. We surveyed 3841 papers published between 1980 and 2001 in eight major IS journals. The papers were categorized according to their research themes and the theories they adopted. We found an increase in human -related research and a decline in systems -related research. Two major trends are identified: one driven by system design issues (1980-1993) and the other driven by human factors and system applications (1993-2001). Two underlying forces behind the research have been new technology development and organizational needs. Our examination of the theories used in the published papers revealed a substantial increase in human-related theories such as the technology acceptance model (TAM) and social cognitive theory (SCT) but a lack of attention to such systems theories as media richness theory and task-technology fit (TTF).
Creating entrepreneurial universities : organizational pathways of transformation

Chapter and section headings: List of Tables. Acknowledgments. Introduction. Pathways of Transformation. Entrepreneurial Pathways of University Transformation. Case Studies of European Innovative Universities. The Warwick Way: Transformation in an English Research University. The Twente Response: Construction of a Dutch Entrepreneurial University. The Strathclyde Phenomenon: Organizational Assertion of Useful Learning in Scotland. The Chalmers Thrust: Entrepreneurial Autonomy in the Swedish University System. The Joensuu Reform: Piloting Decentralized Control in Finnish Universities. University Transformation. The Problem of University Transformation. References. Index.
Fiscal Equlisation and Citizen's Preferences: Evidence from Swiss Municipalities

The normative literature on fiscal federalism generally recognises the need for fiscal equalisation mechanisms to facilitate the mitigation of inequities in the distribution of resources. The question of how far to go in matters of fiscal equalisation is a very sensitive one. Choices in this area reflect the prevailing social norms and the political debates, in the context of which these norms are expressed. Moreover, the political debates are characterised by the usual tensions between selfish and altruistic visions of society. The empirical part of this contribution analyses the results of two referenda recently held in the Canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It provides explanatory models for both ballots (acceptance rate of the propositions in each municipality). The model’s explanatory variables show that the people of Vaud’s voting behaviour was basically selfish. The widespread belief that voters are capable of altruism in this particular area is, therefore, rejected.
Administrative Accountability in the ‘Westminster’ Democracies: Towards a New Conceptual Framework

Understandings of administrative accountability in the “Westminster” democracies remain too closely linked to the institutional arrangements through which accountability has traditionally been exacted in these countries. This has prevented a full appreciation of the nature and extent of changes which have been under way for some time. The article argues that a refined concept of accountability and five subordinate “conceptions” of accountability, corresponding to distinctive sets of institutional arrangements, are needed to comprehend the relevant changes. The identification of multiple options for administrative accountability, in turn, raises questions about how the different accountability systems are to be chosen and combined to maximize accountability without impairing administrative effectiveness.