Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
β‐1 and β‐2, but not α‐1 and α‐2, adrenoceptor blockade delays rat cutaneous wound healing

The sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in wound healing, but its mechanism of action is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of β‐ and α‐adrenoceptor blockade on cutaneous wound healing. Male rats were treated with propranolol (β1‐ and β2‐antagonist), atenolol (β1‐antagonist), or phentolamine (α1‐ and α2‐antagonist) dissolved in drinking water. A full‐thickness excisional lesion was created and the wound area was measured. Fourteen days after wounding, lesions and adjacent skin were removed, formalin‐fixed, and paraffin‐embedded. Sections were stained with hematoxylin–eosin and toluidine blue, and immunostained for α‐smooth muscle actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Wound contraction was delayed in propranolol‐ and atenolol‐treated animals but not in phentolamine‐treated animals. Reepithelialization was decreased only in propranolol‐treated animals. β1‐ and β2‐adrenoceptor blockade delayed leukocyte migration, epidermal and connective tissue cell proliferation, myofibroblastic differentiation, and mast cell migration. The volume density of blood vessels was increased in the propranolol‐ and atenolol‐treated animals compared with controls. The levels of matrix metalloproteases (MMP‐2 and MMP‐9) decreased in the propranolol‐ and atenolol‐treated animals. α1‐ and α2‐adrenoceptor blockade only affected leukocyte migration, epithelial and connective tissue cell proliferation, and pro‐MMP‐9 levels. In conclusion, β‐1 and β‐2, but not α‐1 and α‐2, adrenoceptor blockade delays cutaneous wound healing.
Apomine™, an inhibitor of HMG‐CoA‐reductase, promotes apoptosis of myeloma cells in vitro and is associated with a modulation of myeloma in vivo

Apomine, a novel 1,1 bisphosphonate ester, increases the rate of degradation of HMG‐CoA reductase, inhibiting the mevalonate pathway and thereby blocking cholesterol biosynthesis. We have investigated whether Apomine can induce myeloma cell apoptosis in vitro and modulate myeloma disease in vivo. Apomine induced a dose‐dependent increase in apoptosis in NCI H929, RPMI 8226 and JJN‐3 human myeloma cells. Apomine, unlike the bisphosphonate, alendronate, had no measurable effect on osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro. To investigate the effect of Apomine in vivo, 5T2MM murine myeloma cells were injected into C57BL/KaLwRij mice. After 8 weeks all animals had a serum paraprotein and were treated with Apomine (200 mg/kg), or vehicle, for 4 weeks. Animals injected with 5T2MM cells and treated with vehicle developed osteolytic bone lesions, reduced cancellous bone area, decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased osteoclast number. Apomine caused a decrease in serum paraprotein and a decrease in tumor burden. Apomine inhibited the development of osteolytic lesions and prevented the tumor‐induced decreases in BMD. Apomine had no effect on osteoclast number in contrast to what had been seen previously with the bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid, suggesting that these are direct effects of Apomine on myeloma cells. This demonstrates that Apomine is able to promote myeloma cell apoptosis in vitro and inhibit the development of multiple myeloma and lytic bone disease in vivo. The use of bisphosphonate esters such as Apomine represents a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of myeloma and, indirectly, the associated bone disease. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Systèmes complexes sociaux et validation empirique

Les systemes complexes sociaux sont au cœur d’un effort interdisciplinaire au sein duquel les sciences dites « dures » ont joue un role nouveau et central. Les modeles sous-jacents ont toutefois frequemment elude la question de la validation empirique, particulierement ardue dans le cas social. Cette attitude a generalement mene a des modeles normatifs plutot que descriptifs, eventuellement moins seduisants aux yeux des chercheurs en sciences sociales. Il s’agit ici de fournir un regard et un recul epistemologique sur ce programme de recherche, en insistant sur une methodologie empirique forte se rapportant a la fois aux phenomenes dits de « haut-niveau » (phenomenes macroscopiques) et de « bas-niveau » (concernant les comportement des agents). A cette fin, les objectifs et les methodes de la modelisation des systemes complexes sociaux sont detailles, puis illustres a l’aide d’exemples issus de travaux concernant la diffusion de savoirs.
Correlation of Real-time Catecholamine Release and Cytosolic Ca2+ at Single Bovine Chromaffin Cells (*)

Previous investigations of the role of Ca2+ in stimulus-secretion coupling have been undertaken in populations of adrenal chromaffin cells. In the present study, the simultaneous detection of intracellular Ca2+, with the fluorescent probe fura-2, and catecholamine release, using a carbon-fiber microelectrode, are examined at single chromaffin cells in culture. Results from classic depolarizing stimuli, high potassium (30-140 mM) and 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium (3-50 μM), show a dependence of peak cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and catecholamine release on secretagogue concentration. Catecholamine release induced by transient high K+ stimulation increases logarithmically with K+ concentration. Continuous exposure to veratridine (50 μM) induces oscillations in intracellular Ca2+ and at higher concentrations (100 μM) concomitant fluctuation of cytosolic Ca2+ and catecholamine secretion. Mobilization of both caffeine- and inositol trisphosphate-sensitive intracellular Ca2+ stores is found to elicit secretion with or without extracellular Ca2+. Caffeine-sensitive intracellular Ca2+ stores can be depleted, refilled, and cause exocytosis in medium without Ca2+. Single cell measurement of exocytosis and the increase in cytosolic Ca2+ induced by bradykinin-activated intracellular stores reveal cell to cell variability in exocytotic responses which is masked in populations of cells. Taken together, these results show that exocytosis of catecholamines can be induced by an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ either as a result of transmembrane entry or by release of internal stores.
Assessing the benefits of phonics intervention on hearing-impaired children's word reading

Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated that phonological skills training, particularly when combined with grapheme–phoneme correspondence teaching, results in improved word decoding and spelling development for normally hearing children. This study seeks to investigate the efficacy of these claims for hearing-impaired children. Two hearing-impaired children were pre-tested on measures of spoken and written language, phonological abilities and alphabet knowledge prior to a 12-week intervention using a Phonographix teaching programme (McGuinness and McGuinness, 1998). The children were again tested on all measures immediately after intervention. The intervention programme accelerated the children's acquisition of phonological skills and of phoneme–grapheme correspondence knowledge, and their ability to apply these in word decoding and spelling. Concentration on teaching phonological skills and alphabetic knowledge can radically improve decoding and spelling standards in hearing-impaired children. This in turn can be used as a way to improve vocabulary, which in turn might lead to improved comprehension in the longer term.
Functional Brain Organization in Bipolar Affective Patients during Manic Phase and after Recovery: A Digit Dichotic Listening Study

To study the functional organization of the cerebral hemispheres in patients with bipolar psychosis using a verbal dichotic listening test for pairs of digits 26 patients were tested twice, during the acute expression of manic phase and after recovery. The patient group during the manic phase did not support the expected right-ear advantage of normal subjects on verbal dichotic tests but showed a statistically significant left-ear advantage, which shifted after recovery toward the typical normal asymmetry. Comparing patients during the manic phase and after recovery showed that the left-ear advantage as well as the shift in right-ear advantage after recovery was due to the reduction of left-ear performance. From the over-all neuropsychological findings for these patients mania may be hypothesized to be characterized by overactivation of the right hemisphere. This phaenomenon seems associated with acuteness of the symptoms of the psychotic disorder.
Torii-HLMAC: A distributed, fault-tolerant, zero configuration fat tree data center architecture with multiple tree-based addressing and forwarding

This paper describes Torii-HLMAC, a scalable, fault-tolerant, zero-configuration data center network fabric architecture protocol as a fully distributed alternative to PortLand for similar multiple tree network topologies. It uses multiple, fixed, tree-based positional MAC addresses for multiple path and table-free forwarding. Addresses are assigned by a simple extension of the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol. Torii-HLMAC enhances the PortLand protocol advantages of scalability, zero configuration and high performance and adds instant path recovery, fully distributed routing and address assignment. ARP Proxy may be used to avoid ARP broadcast messages.
Reference models for network data anonymization

Network security research can benefit greatly from testing environments that are capable of generating realistic, repeatable and configurable background traffic. In order to conduct network security experiments, researchers require isolated testbeds capable of recreating actual network environments, complete with infrastructure and traffic details. Unfortunately, due to privacy and flexibility concerns, actual network traffic is rarely shared by organizations. Trace data anonymization is one solution to this problem. The research community has responded to this sanitization problem with anonymization tools that aim to remove sensitive information from network traces, and attacks on anonymized traces that aim to evaluate the efficacy of the anonymization schemes. However there is continued lack of a comprehensive model that distills all elements of the sanitization problem into a functional reference model. In this paper we offer such a comprehensive functional reference model that identifies and binds together all the entities required to formulate the problem of network data anonymization. We also build a new information flow model that illustrates the overly optimistic nature of inference attacks on anonymized traces. We also provide a probabilistic interpretation of the information model and develop a privacy metric for anonymized traces.
Device-to-Device Communication Underlaying Cellular Networks: Connection Establishment and Interference Avoidance

It is expected that device-to-device (D2D) communication is allowed to underlay future cellular networks such as IMT-Advanced for spectrum efficiency. This article studies the mechanisms of D2D communication and interference avoidance when the D2D subsystem reuses uplink resources and downlink spectrums with a cellular system, respectively. We firstly propose an effective scheme to establish and maintain D2D communication. Moreover, a novel method to deal with the resource allocation and interference avoidance issues by utilizing the network peculiarity of a hybrid network to share the uplink resource is proposed. Most research focuses on reusing the uplink spectrums, but how to share the downlink frequency bands is seldom addressed. To share the downlink spectrums and avoid the interference to the primary cellular devices, a labeled time slots based mechanism is proposed. Implementation details are described in a real cellular system and simulation results prove that satisfying performance can be achieved by using the proposed mechanisms.
False memories: Phenomena, theories, and implications.

In recent years, there has been an explosion of research on false memories: the subjective experience of remembering something if that something did apparently not happen in reality. We review a range of findings concerning this phenomenon: False memories of details and of whole events by adults and children, as well as false memories of words in laboratory experiments (in the DRM paradigm). We also briefly discuss the converse phenomenon: Evidence of forgetting or repression of significant events, and evidence of recovered memories. Knowledge of both phenomena is needed for judging whether “new” memories are false, recovered, or whether both options are possible. More general as well as specific theories explaining false memories are discussed, and we close with implications for
Manipulating music: multimodal interaction for DJs

In this paper we consider the general goal of supporting physical manipulation of digital audio in a specific context: the performance disk jockey (DJ) seeking to migrate from vinyl to digital media. We classify both the DJ's traditional processes and tools and the field's newest technology.D'Groove, our own technological contribution, is a force feedback turntable used to manipulate digital audio in novel ways. We present an observational study of professional DJ's using D'Groove, and discuss this approach's attributes and directions for future augmentation. Finally, we extend our conclusions about the DJ's emerging needs to the broader domain of digital audio manipulation.
Somatic Mutations of JAK1 and JAK3 in Acute Leukemias and Solid Cancers

Purpose: The aim of this study was to see whether JAK1, JAK3, and TYK2 genes are altered in human cancers. Experimental Design: We analyzed 494 tissues from 186 acute adulthood leukemias, 30 multiple myelomas, and 278 common solid cancers, including 90 breast, 47 gastric, 47 colon, 47 lung, and 47 hepatocellular carcinomas by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Results: Overall, we found six JAK1 mutations (four in acute leukemias, one in a lung carcinoma, and one in a breast carcinoma) and three JAK3 mutations (two in breast carcinomas and one in a gastric carcinoma). Of note, three JAK1 mutations were an identical p.V658F mutation, which is homologous to JAK2 p.V617F mutation. We also found two other JAK1 mutations that occurred at very close sites (p.T782M and p.L783F). We found three of the four leukemias with JAK1 mutations expressed mutated JAK1 at the mRNA level. For JAK3 mutations, one of them was JAK3 p.V715I that is homologous to the JAK1 p.L783F. These recurrent mutations in identical and homologous sites suggest a possibility that alterations of these amino acids might be important for tumor pathogenesis. With respect to the cancer types, T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) showed the highest incidence of the mutations (3 of 11; 27.3%). Conclusion: Our data indicate that both JAK1 and JAK3 mutations occur in common human cancers and that JAK1 mutation in T-ALL is a frequent event. The data suggest that some of the JAK1 and JAK3 mutations may to be functional and contributes to cancer development, especially to T-ALL development.
Novel Ethyl 2-(1-aminocyclobutyl)-5-(benzoyloxy)-6-hydroxy-pyrimidine-4-carboxylate Derivatives: Synthesis and Anticancer Activities

To explore the anticancer activity of 2, 4, 5, 6-substituted pyrimidines, several ethyl 2-(1-aminocyclobutyl)-5-(benzoyloxy)-6-hydroxy-pyrimidine-4-carboxylate derivatives associated with the different substituted aromatic/aliphatic carboxamides and sulfonamides were synthesized. Different groups and position on phenyl ring attached to the carboxamide and sulfonamide of the pyrimidine led to two set of compounds. Their chemical structures were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR and LC/MS analysis. Cytotoxicity of all the synthesized compounds were examined on human leukemia cell lines (K562 and CEM). The preliminary results showed most of the derivatives exhibited good antitumor activity. Compound with para chloro substitution among carboxamides and compound with meta dichloro substitution among sulphonamides exhibited significant antitumor activity with IC50 value of 14.0 µM and 15.0 µM respectively against K562 cell line. For comparison among electron donating groups between carboxamides and sulfonamides, compounds with para tert-butyl substitution were chosen for further studies. Cell cycle analysis suggests that both tert-butyl substituted compounds are able to induce apoptosis.
Does Patient Sex Influence Cartilage Surgery Outcome?

Background: Sexual dimorphism in humans has already been documented at different levels, and preliminary findings also suggest the importance of patient sex on clinical outcome in the treatment of cartilage lesions. Purpose: To document and analyze the influence of sex on clinical outcome in a large cohort of patients treated with a cartilage regenerative procedure for knee chondral lesions and prospectively followed at midterm follow-up. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 250 knees were treated with matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) and prospectively evaluated with International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), EuroQol visual analog scale (EQ-VAS), and Tegner scores at 1-, 2-, and minimum 5-year follow-ups to compare results obtained in men and women. The lesions were focal International Cartilage Repair Society grade III-IV chondral knee defects involving femoral condyles, trochleae, and patellae. Two homogeneous groups of 56 male patients and 56 female patients were then selected by a blinded statistician for a matched-pair analysis. Results: A statistically significant improvement in all the scores in both men and women was observed in the general population. The IKDC subjective score showed better results for men at all follow-up times: at 5 years, the mean IKDC subjective score was 79.5 ± 18.6 versus 64.3 ± 20.2 for men and women, respectively (P < .0005), and the same trend was confirmed with the EQ-VAS and Tegner scores. The matched-pair analysis confirmed the difference of final results achieved (74.1 ± 19.8 vs 63.7 ± 20.2, respectively; P = .006). However, men and women started with different preoperative levels, and the analysis of the improvement obtained was not significantly different. Finally, when scores were standardized for each patient, according to the mean score typical for the corresponding age and sex category in a healthy population, a sex-related difference was not confirmed at any of the follow-ups. Etiological factors, lesion site, and preinjury activity level differed in women and men of the general population and were the confounding factors responsible for the different outcome not confirmed by the analysis of homogeneous cohorts of patients. Conclusion: Women have a different knee chondral lesion pattern and more often have unfavorable conditions related to the cause of injury, site, and activity level, and they also have lower raw, not standardized, scores. However, a matched-pair analysis with data standardized for the specific patient categories showed that, on equal terms, women have the same possibilities for successful outcome as men after surgical treatment for knee cartilage regeneration.
Chaos: the lens that transcends

The primary aim of this introductory article is to set forth a conceptual framework that sheds light on the evolving cosmology and meta‐praxis of organizational change known as Chaos. The author who is also co‐editor of this journal, points out how the five fundamental principles of this emerging worldview can be made both applicable to and actionable in the modern business enterprise.
Blood leukocyte microarrays to diagnose systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis and follow the response to IL-1 blockade

Systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA) represents up to 20% of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. We recently reported that interleukin (IL) 1 is an important mediator of this disease and that IL-1 blockade induces clinical remission. However, lack of specificity of the initial systemic manifestations leads to delays in diagnosis and initiation of therapy. To develop a specific diagnostic test, we analyzed leukocyte gene expression profiles of 44 pediatric SoJIA patients, 94 pediatric patients with acute viral and bacterial infections, 38 pediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 6 patients with PAPA syndrome, and 39 healthy children. Statistical group comparison and class prediction identified genes differentially expressed in SoJIA patients compared with healthy children. These genes, however, were also changed in patients with acute infections and SLE. An analysis of significance across all diagnostic groups identified 88 SoJIA-specific genes, 12 of which accurately classified an independent set of SoJIA patients with systemic disease. Transcripts that changed significantly in patients undergoing IL-1 blockade were also identified. Thus, leukocyte transcriptional signatures can be used to distinguish SoJIA from other febrile illnesses and to assess response to therapy. Availability of early diagnostic markers may allow prompt initiation of therapy and prevention of disabilities.
Space-time selective RAKE receiver with finger selection strategies for UWB overlay communications

This paper proposes a space-time selective RAKE (SRAKE) receiver with maximum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (MSINR) for direct-sequence ultra-wideband (UWB) communications in the presence of narrowband interference (NBI) and multiple-access interference. For effectively extracting a fixed number of the UWB signal components (fingers) from numerous resolvable paths, four finger selection strategies (FSSs) are considered for the proposed space-time SRAKE receiver, including the optimum FSS (with MSINR), which is not very computationally feasible, and three feasible FSSs: an energy-based FSS (EB-FSS), a constrained energy-based FSS (CEB-FSS), and a hybrid energy-based FSS, which is also a combination of the EB-FSS and CEB-FSS. Through a performance analysis, we show that the performance of the proposed receiver in the presence of NBI not only depends on the power ratio, bandwidth ratio, and relative spectrum location of NBI with respect to the UWB signal, but also on the FSS used. Some simulation results are then presented to show that the proposed space-time MSINR-SRAKE receiver with the preceding FSSs used can provide a larger system capacity and better immunity to strong NBI than the existing time-only SRAKE receivers and space-time SRAKE receivers.
Spirituality and Quality of Life for Chinese People with Severe Mental Illness

This study explores spirituality in relation to quality of life for Chinese people with severe mental illness whose spiritual orientations are either similar to or different from Western traditions. 117 Chinese people with severe mental illness who were involved in community‐based supportive services in Hong Kong completed self‐administered questionnaires on spirituality and quality of life. Spirituality was found positively related to individual's quality of life. In particular, three elements of spirituality, tranquility, resistance to disorientation, and resilience were positively related to the domains of quality of life.
Accounting and accountability in the Iona Community

This paper explores the issue of accounting and accountability in the spirituality and practices of an ecumenical Christian group – the Iona Community. Fundamental to the existence and operation of the Iona Community is their Rule, which requires all full‐members to account to each other for their use of money and time. This paper explores the development of that Rule and how it is actualised. It examines the accounting practices of individuals in the Community and the distinction between individualising and socialising accountabilities. Findings reported challenge the assumption that accounting has no role in a religious or sacred setting. The study also serves to illustrate that the distinction between individualising and socialising accountability is not clear. In the Iona Community structures of individualising accountability were subject to resistance. Structures of socialising accountability, while perceived as positive and empowering, had the potential to function as forms of internalised surveillance and domination.