Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Randomized $\Delta$-Edge-Coloring via Quaternion of Complex Colors

This paper explores the application of a new algebraic method of color exchanges to the edge coloring of simple graphs. Vizing's theorem states that the edge coloring of a simple graph $G$ requires either $\Delta$ or $\Delta+1$ colors, where $\Delta$ is the maximum vertex degree of $G$. Holyer proved that it is {\bf NP}-complete to decide whether $G$ is $\Delta$-edge-colorable even for cubic graphs. By introducing the concept of complex colors, we show that the color-exchange operation follows the same multiplication rules as quaternion. An initially $\Delta$-edge-colored graph $G$ allows variable-colored edges, which can be eliminated by color exchanges in a manner similar to variable eliminations in solving systems of linear equations. The problem is solved if all variables are eliminated and a properly $\Delta$-edge-colored graph is reached. For a randomly generated graph $G$, we prove that our algorithm returns a proper $\Delta$-edge-coloring with a probability of at least 1/2 in $O(\Delta|V||E|^5)$ time if $G$ is $\Delta$-edge-colorable. Otherwise, the algorithm halts in polynomial time and signals the impossibility of a solution, meaning that the chromatic index of $G$ probably equals $\Delta+1$. Animations of the edge-coloring algorithms proposed in this paper are posted at YouTube this http URL
Applications of Virtual Environments in Medicine

Summary Objectives: This paper intends to investigate the role of virtual reality (VR) in medicine. In particular it outlines the current state of research and technology that is relevant to the development of effective virtual environments in medicine. Methods: After describing the two different visions of VR we can find in medicine – the presentation of virtual objects to all of the human senses in a way identical to their natural counterpart, and a new human-computer interaction paradigm in which users are active participants within a computer-generated three-dimensional virtual world – the paper presents some of the most interesting applications actually developed in the area. Finally, it discusses the clinical principles, technological devices and safety issues associated with the use of VR in medicine. Results: With more than 1,000 VR papers already indexed in Medline, VR is a reality health care. Even if the number of controlled studies is still limited, its merging with emerging technologies like Ambient Intelligence and wireless communication will further improve its diffusion. Conclusions: The possible impact of VR on health care could be even higher than the one offered by the new communication technologies like Internet. In fact, VR is at the same tima technology, a communication interface and an experience: a communication interface based on interactive 3D visualization, able to collect and integrate in single real-like experience different inputs and data sets. However, significant efforts are still required to move VR into commercial success and therefore routine clinical use.
Visual spatial cue use for guiding orientation in two-to-three-year-old children

In spatial development representations of the environment and the use of spatial cues change over time. To date, the influence of individual differences in skills relevant for orientation and navigation has not received much attention. The current study investigated orientation abilities on the basis of visual spatial cues in 2–3-year-old children, and assessed factors that possibly influence spatial task performance. Thirty-month and 35-month-olds performed an on-screen Virtual Reality (VR) orientation task searching for an animated target in the presence of visual self-movement cues and landmark information. Results show that, in contrast to 30-month-old children, 35-month-olds were successful in using visual spatial cues for maintaining orientation. Neither age group benefited from landmarks present in the environment, suggesting that successful task performance relied on the use of optic flow cues, rather than object-to-object relations. Analysis of individual differences revealed that 2-year-olds who were relatively more independent in comparison to their peers, as measured by the daily living skills scale of the parental questionnaire Vineland-Screener were most successful at the orientation task. These results support previous findings indicating that the use of various spatial cues gradually improves during early childhood. Our data show that a developmental transition in spatial cue use can be witnessed within a relatively short period of 5 months only. Furthermore, this study indicates that rather than chronological age, individual differences may play a role in successful use of visual cues for spatial updating in an orientation task. Future studies are necessary to assess the exact nature of these individual differences.
An improvement of the GMM Speaker Identification Method by using Two-state HMM and Discriminative Training

In this paper, the GMM-based text-independent speaker identification system for Mandarin speech is modified by adding an upper layer to form a two-state HMM system. The two-state HMM aims at modeling the initial-final phonetic structure of Mandarin syllables for assisting in speaker identification. The GPD/MCE training algorithm is also applied to further improve the system. The performance of the proposed system was examined by using a 300-speaker speech database. Error rate reductions of 25-50% were achieved for the proposed two-state HMM system over the conventional GMM system.
Smart antenna spatial sweeping for combined directionality and transmit diversity

In this paper, we present a novel application for antenna arrays in wireless communication systems. Here, antenna arrays at the base station are used to create 1) directionality which supports spatial multiplexing and 2) a scanning beam pattern, allowing receivers at the mobile unit to subdivide the symbol time into L partitions, each with independent fades. Combining the signals received in different symbol time partitions (at the mobile unit) results in diversity gains. In this way, diversity benefits (due to an antenna array) are achieved at the mobile unit with the smart antenna array located at the base station (rather than in the mobile itself), a significant cost saving for wireless communication systems.
The Works of Irving Fisher

Volume 1 Mathematical Investigations in the Theory of Value and Prices (1892) 'The Mechanics of Bimetallism', Economic Journal (1894) Appreciation and Interest (1896) Volume 2 The Nature of Capital and Income (1906) Volume 3 The Rate of Interest (1907) Volume 4 The Purchasing Power of Money (1911), new and revised edition (1926) Volume 5 Elementary Principles of Economics (1912) Volume 6 Stabilizing the Dollar (1920) and related contributions Volume 7 The Making of Index Numbers (1922 second edition, 1927) Volume 8 The Money Illusion (1928) and related writings Volume 9 The Theory of Interest (1930) Volume 10 Booms and Depressions (1932) and related matter Volume 11 100% Money (1935) revised edition, 1936 re-issued 1945) Volume 12 Contributions to the theory and practice of public finance Volume 13 Fisher as crusader for social causes Volume 14 Correspondence and other commentary on economic policy, 1930-1947
ACOUSTIC EMISSION CONDITION MONITORING: AN APPLICATION FOR WIND TURBINE FAULT DETECTION

Low speed rotating machines which are the most critical components in drive train of wind turbines are often menaced by several technical and environmental defects. These factors contribute to mount the economic requirement for Health Monitoring and Condition Monitoring of the systems. When a defect is happened in such system result in reduced energy loss rates from related process and due to it Condition Monitoring techniques that detecting energy loss are very difficult if not possible to use. However, in the case of Acoustic Emission (AE)technique this issue is partly overcome and is well suited for detecting very small energy release rates. Acoustic Emission (AE) as a technique is more than 50 years old and in this new technology the sounds associated with the failure of materials were detected. Acoustic wave is a non-stationary signal which can discover elastic stress waves in a failure component, capable of online monitoring, and is very sensitive to the fault diagnosis. In this paper the history and background of discovering and developing AE is discussed, different ages of developing AE which include Age of Enlightenment (1950-1967), Golden Age of AE (1967-1980), Period of Transition (1980-Present). In the next section the application of AE condition monitoring in machinery process and various systems that applied AE technique in their health monitoring is discussed. In the end an experimental result is proposed by QUT test rig which an outer race bearing fault was simulated to depict the sensitivity of AE for detecting incipient faults in low speed high frequency machine.
Serum Induces Transcription of Hey1 and Hey2 Genes by Alk1 but Not Notch Signaling in Endothelial Cells

The transcriptional repressors Hey1 and Hey2 are primary target genes of Notch signaling in the cardiovascular system and induction of Hey gene expression is often interpreted as activation of Notch signaling. Here we report that treatment of primary human endothelial cells with serum or fresh growth medium led to a strong wave of Hey1 and Hey2 transcription lasting for approximately three hours. Transcription of other Notch target genes (Hes1, Hes5, ephrinB2, Dll4) was however not induced by serum in endothelial cells. Gamma secretase inhibition or expression of dominant-negative MAML1 did not prevent the induction of Hey genes indicating that canonical Notch signaling is dispensable. Pretreatment with soluble BMP receptor Alk1, but not Alk3, abolished Hey gene induction by serum. Consequently, the Alk1 ligand BMP9 stimulated Hey gene induction in endothelial cells. Several other cell types however did not show such a strong BMP signaling and consequently only a very mild induction of Hey genes. Taken together, the experiments revealed that bone morphogenic proteins within the serum of cell culture medium are potent inducers of endothelial Hey1 and Hey2 gene expression within the first few hours after medium change.
Effect of thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitor, OKY-046, on sputum in chronic bronchitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis.

The mechanisms of excessive sputum production are only partially understood. We speculated that a selective thromboxane (Tx) A2 synthetase inhibitor, OKY-046, now used in the treatment of asthma in Japan, could decrease excess sputum production in patients with chronic airways disease. To test this hypothesis, we carried out a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of OKY-046, administered orally at 400 mg.day-1, on the sputum of patients with chronic bronchitis and patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis. Patients treated with OKY-046 showed a significant decrease (22%) in sputum volume after 1 month, and a 39% decrease after 3 months. Although the rheological properties of the sputum and the concentrations of fucose and immunoglobulin (Ig) A in the sputum remained unchanged, significant decreases were observed in the concentrations of total protein, albumin, sialic acid and phospholipid. Since albumin and fucose are chemical markers of plasma exudation and mucus secretion, respectively, whilst sialic acid and phospholipid are derived both from serum and mucus, our results indicate that this TxA2 synthetase inhibitor reduced sputum volume by inhibiting microvascular leakage in the airway. OKY-046 may, therefore, be of value in the treatment of chronic bronchitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis.
Analysis of the Resource Concentration on Size and Research Performance: The Case of Italian National Research Council Over the Period 2000-2004

Nowadays the Government of industrialised countries, in presence of reduced public funds, has to manage the public research laboratories to increase the efficiency and research performance, necessary to the competitiveness of firms and of economic systems. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships between size and performance of public research organisations within of the Italian national system of innovation, for the period 2000-2004, which is characterised by two different research policies. The comparative analysis shows that the results can supply useful information to policy makers on the behaviour of these structures. The new research policy based on merger among the research institutes generates higher research performance and scale economies. However some elements suggest to be cautious about this relationship and to further investigate.
Performance Analysis of NMOS for Higher Speed and Low Power Applications

Integrated circuits based on low supply voltage and subthreshold operations of NMOS devices are very attractive for low power applications. An effective way to reduce supply voltage and resulting in power consumption without losing the circuit performance of NMOS is to increase the drive current of NMOS. This paper reports the scaling analysis of NMOS from deep-submicron to nanometer technologies, in which channel length has been scaled down from 600nm to 90nm. For simulation, ATLAS device simulator is used, by using the models LAMBARDI (CVT) mobility model and fixed Shockley-read-hall model recombination model. Simulation result depicts that threshold voltage is 0.26V at 600nm, 0.04V at 180nm and 0.01V at 90nm so nanometer range NMOS devices can be very attractive for low power and subthreshold operations.
Towards making HCS ear detection robust against rotation

In identity retrieval from crime scene images, the outer ear (auricle) has ever since been regarded as a valuable characteristic. Because of its unique and permanent shape, the auricle also attracted the attention of researches in the field of biometrics over the last years. Since then, numerous pattern recognition techniques have been applied to ear images but similarly to face recognition, rotation and pose still pose problems to ear recognition systems. One solution for this is 3D ear imaging. the segmentation of the ear, prior to the actual feature extraction step, however, remains an unsolved problem. In 2010 Zhou at al. have proposed a solution for ear detection in 3D images, which incorporates a nave classifier using Shape Index Histogram. Histograms of Categorized Shapes (HCS) is reported to be efficient and accurate, but has difficulties with rotations. In our work, we extend the performance measures provided by Zhou et al. by evaluating the detection rate of the HCS detector under more realistic conditions. This includes performance measures with ear images under pose variations. Secondly, we propose to modify the ear detection approach by Zhou et al. towards making it invariant to rotation by using a rotation symmetric, circular detection window. Shape index histograms are extracted at different radii in order to get overlapping subsets within the circle. The detection performance of the modified HCS detector is evaluated on two different datasets, one of them containing images n various poses.
CRM Enhancement

Distributed teams play a significant role in Customer Relationship management (CRM). Using high-tech tools, especially for making intelligent connectivity between teams and team members is essential decision in current era. Using appropriate connecting tools is a critical issue to support team connectivity. Based on variety of available tools, Selecting, customizing, and developing a set of connecting tools are complicated issue. This paper provides some important criteria for choosing distributed information systems to support customer relationship management approaches. Easy to use, hard to misuse, reliable, maintainable, and reasonable price could be assumed as most important criteria for such information systems, which are described in this article. System Integration as a product of using appropriate tools within suitable approach is discussed
Contact transition control via joint acceleration feedback

Stable and controllable transition from free motion to constrained motion is of central importance for robots in contact with the environment in many applications. In this paper, a joint acceleration feedback control scheme of high bandwidth is employed to damp oscillations during the contact transition when the approaching speed does not vanish. In this control scheme, a classical integral force controller is refined by means of joint acceleration and velocity feedback. This is intended to achieve a stable contact transition without need of adjusting the controller parameters adaptive to the unknown or changing environments. Extensive experiments are conducted on the third joint of a three-link direct-drive robot to verify the proposed scheme for the environments of various stiffnesses, including elastic (sponge), less-elastic (cardboard), and hard (steel plate) surfaces. Results are also compared with those by the transition control without the acceleration feedback. The proposed scheme is shown to be promising in terms of robustness, stability and adaptability.
Robust Image Contour Detection by Watershed Transformation

�Two approaches of multistage gradient robustification for image contour detection are presented in this paper: two stages of Difference of Estimates and Difference of Estimate followed by an optimal filtering. Watershed transformation is then applied to these robusti ed gradient images to effectively detect image contours which are guaranteed to be in closed form. Multistage gradient robustification provides the flexibility of using different image processing techniques and produces good detection results for the images highly corrupted with noise.
A Budget Constrained Scheduling Algorithm for Hybrid Cloud Computing Systems Under Data Privacy

In hybrid cloud model, organizations can keep their sensitive information and critical applications in the private cloud and move other data and applications to a public cloud, if necessary. To maintain data privacy in workflow applications, we present a budget constrained hybrid cloud scheduler (BCHCS) which is a static heuristic scheduling algorithm. It is able to make decisions about scheduling sensitive tasks on private cloud and uses public cloud's resources for non-sensitive tasks, such that the makespan is minimized, while the budget limitation imposed by the user is satisfied. Experimental results show that the proposed method guarantees the execution of sensitive tasks on private cloud while achieving at least 7 percent lower makespan and higher success rate in comparison to similar existing techniques.
Pericytes Derived from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Protect against Retinal Vasculopathy

Background Retinal vasculopathies, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), threaten the vision of over 100 million people. Retinal pericytes are critical for microvascular control, supporting retinal endothelial cells via direct contact and paracrine mechanisms. With pericyte death or loss, endothelial dysfunction ensues, resulting in hypoxic insult, pathologic angiogenesis, and ultimately blindness. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) differentiate into pericytes, suggesting they may be useful as a protective and regenerative cellular therapy for retinal vascular disease. In this study, we examine the ability of ASCs to differentiate into pericytes that can stabilize retinal vessels in multiple pre-clinical models of retinal vasculopathy. Methodology/Principal Findings We found that ASCs express pericyte-specific markers in vitro. When injected intravitreally into the murine eye subjected to oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), ASCs were capable of migrating to and integrating with the retinal vasculature. Integrated ASCs maintained marker expression and pericyte-like morphology in vivo for at least 2 months. ASCs injected after OIR vessel destabilization and ablation enhanced vessel regrowth (16% reduction in avascular area). ASCs injected intravitreally before OIR vessel destabilization prevented retinal capillary dropout (53% reduction). Treatment of ASCs with transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1) enhanced hASC pericyte function, in a manner similar to native retinal pericytes, with increased marker expression of smooth muscle actin, cellular contractility, endothelial stabilization, and microvascular protection in OIR. Finally, injected ASCs prevented capillary loss in the diabetic retinopathic Akimba mouse (79% reduction 2 months after injection). Conclusions/Significance ASC-derived pericytes can integrate with retinal vasculature, adopting both pericyte morphology and marker expression, and provide functional vascular protection in multiple murine models of retinal vasculopathy. The pericyte phenotype demonstrated by ASCs is enhanced with TGF-β1 treatment, as seen with native retinal pericytes. ASCs may represent an innovative cellular therapy for protection against and repair of DR and other retinal vascular diseases.
Ranking Based Shared Authority Privacy Preserving Authentication Protocol in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is rising as a prevailing data interactive model to take in users' data which has been remotely stored in an online cloud server. On-demand cloud applications is offered by the cloud services without any local infrastructure limitations. Multiple users may wish to access and share another user's authorised data fields to achieve successful benefits. whenever user request another users for information sharing, Access request itself may uncover the client's security regardless of whether it can obtain the data access permissions or not. The option of granting/revoking data access and ranking at the admin level for the number of times the particular file has been requested is not present in the existing system . In a Proposed System Ranking Based shared authority privacy- preserving authentication protocol (RSAPA) address the above privacy issue for cloud storage. And provide ranking at the Admin level . In the RSAPA,1) shared access authority is achieved by the anonymous access request matching mechanism, without out revealing the user's privacy for a data demand 2) user can access his own data fields by attribute based access control 3) Data sharing between the different users is achieved by proxy re-encryption in cloud server In the mean time, universal compose capability (UC) model is built to demonstrate that the SAPA hypothetically has the outline accuracy . It demonstrates that the proposed protocol acknowledging privacy-preserving data access authority sharing, is keen for multi-user collaborative cloud applications. In our model, privacy is achieved by encrypting the data it can prevent the unapproved access. Also, we are going to raise the security level of the owner of the data and confidentiality of the information by giving access to the users