Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-World Safety Profile of Biologics Used in Rheumatology: A Six-Year Observational Pharmacovigilance Study in the Calabria Region

Abstract Background: The introduction of biological agents into the clinical armamentarium has modified the management of moderate-severe inflammatory arthritis (IA). However, these drugs can lead to serious adverse events (SAEs) and unpredictable adverse events (AEs) that are difficult to detect in pre-marketing clinical trials. This pharmacovigilance project aimed to study the AEs associated with biologics use in rheumatology. Methods: The current investigation is a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study based on the Calabria Biologics Pharmacovigilance Program. Patients treated with one biologic agent from January 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled. Results: Overall, 729 (86.3%) of a total of 872 patients did not develop AEs or SAEs, whereas 143 (16.4%) patients experienced at least one AE, of which 16 (1.8%) had at least one SAE. The most common AEs were administration site conditions followed by gastrointestinal, nervous system and skin disorders. We reported a total of 173 switches and 156 swaps. Switches mainly occurred for inefficacy (136; 77.7%), whereas only 39 (22.3%) were due to the onset of an AE. Primary/secondary failure was the most frequent reason for swaps (124, 79%), while AEs onset led to 33 (21%) swaps. Conclusions: This study supports the validity of our program in monitoring and detecting AEs in the rheumatological area, confirming the positive beneficial/risk ratio of biologics.
Star-planet magnetic interaction and activity in late-type stars with close-in planets

Context. Late-type stars interact with their close-in planets through their coronal magnetic fields. Aims. We introduce a theory for the interaction between the stellar and planetary fields focussing on the processes that release magnetic energy in the stellar coronae. Methods. We consider the energy dissipated by the reconnection between the stellar and planetary magnetic fields as well as that made available by the modulation of the magnetic helicity of the coronal field produced by the orbital motion of the planet. We estimate the powers released by both processes in the case of axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric, linear and non-linear force-free coronal fields finding that they scale as B 4/3 0 B 2/3 p0 R 2 pvrel ,w hereB0 is the mean stellar surface field, Bp0 the planetary field at the poles, Rp the radius of the planet, and vrel the relative velocity between the stellar and the planetary fields. Results. A chromospheric hot spot or a flaring activity phased to the orbital motion of the planet are found only when the stellar field is axisymmetric. In the case of a non-axisymmetric field, the time modulation of the energy release is multiperiodic and can be easily confused with the intrinsic stellar variability. We apply our theory to the systems with some reported evidence of star-planet magnetic interaction finding a dissipated power at least one order of magnitude smaller than that emitted by the chromospheric hot spots. The phase lags between the planets and the hot spots are reproduced by our models in all the cases except for υ And. Conclusions. The chromospheric hot spots rotating in phase with the planets cannot be explained by the energy dissipation produced by the interaction between stellar and planetary fields as considered by our models and require a different mechanism.
Learning to see through multimode fibers

We use Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to classify and reconstruct a large database of handwritten digits from the intensity of the speckle patterns that result after the images propagated through multimode fibers (MMF). Images transmitted through fibers with up to 1km length were recovered. The ability of the network to recognize the input degraded with fiber length but the performance could be enhanced if the neural networks were trained to first reconstruct the image and then classify it rather than classify it directly from the speckle intensity.
Lightweight Metallic MgB 2 Mediates Polysulfide Redox and Promises High-Energy-Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

We report lightweight MgB2 as a metallic sulfur host for Li-S batteries, which fulfills both electron conduction and polysulfide immobilization properties. The excellent conversion kinetics for polysulfide redox afforded by the MgB2 surface are demonstrated by its 2-fold higher exchange current density compared with MgO or carbon. The surface-mediated charge transfer on MgB2 results from both its electron-conductive nature and its unique and intimate binding of polysulfide anions with both Band Mg-terminated surfaces as demonstrated by firstprinciples calculations.
Vitamin D Deficiency Association with Comorbid Diseases in Palestine: “A Cross-Sectional Observation Study”

Background Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a global health concern. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated comorbidities in Palestine, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Methods A retrospective, descriptive study retrieved medical data from the Nat Health insurance processor database from 2014 to 2020. Patient information included age, sex, vitamin D laboratory order, symptoms, and comorbidities. This study included patients prescribed vitamin D at a dose of 50000IU for vitamin D deficiency confirmed by a serum vitamin D laboratory test. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS. In addition, a chi-square test was conducted to assess the association between vitamin D deficiency, symptoms, and comorbidities. Results Data of 3011 patients were collected; 639 patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis, and 39 patients prescribed vitamin D without a laboratory test were excluded. Approximately, 1837 (78%) participants had vitamin D deficiency. A total of 1330 women (81.3%) were significantly more likely to have vitamin D deficiency than males, 507 (72.7%; P < 0.001). Joint pain, back pain, and cervicalgia were significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency (P < 0.001). Asymptomatic participants (2.1%) were significantly less likely to have vitamin D deficiency than symptomatic participants (9.5%, p < 0.001). Hypothyroidism is significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.048). Conclusion In this retrospective study, the prevalence of vitamin D was high and alarming. There was a significant association between VDD, patients who presented with back pain, arthritis, and cervicalgia symptoms, and patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Therefore, health initiative programs are warranted to increase awareness regarding screening, prevention, and treatment. Further studies are needed to confirm the relationship between vitamin D supplementation and the reduced risk of comorbid diseases.
Nucleon-pion-state contamination in lattice calculations of the axial form factors of the nucleon

The nucleon-pion-state contribution to QCD two- and three-point functions used in the calculation of the axial form factors of the nucleon are studied in chiral perturbation theory. For physically small quark masses the nucleon-pion states are expected to dominante the excited-state contamination at large euclidean time separations. To leading order in chiral perturbation theory the results depend on two experimentally well-known low-energy constants only and the nucleon-pion-state contribution can be reliably estimated. The nucleon-pion-state contribution to the axial form factor $G_{\rm A}(Q^2)$ is at the 5 percent level for source-sink separations of 2 fm and shows almost no dependence on the momentum transfer $Q^2$. In contrast, for the induced pseudo scalar form factor $G_{\rm P}(Q^2)$ the nucleon-pion-state contribution shows a rather strong dependence on $Q^2$ and leads to a 10 to 40 percent underestimation of $G_{\rm P}(Q^2)$ at small momentum transfers. Applying the ChPT results to recent lattice data generated by the PACS collaboration we find agreement with experimental data and the predictions of the pion-pole dominance model.
The Meaning of Suicidal Behaviour for Portuguese Nursing Students

Background: The nursing perspectives on suicidal behaviors may influence the quality of assistance and suicidal prevention. This phenomenon is scarcely investigated among nursing students. Aims: The aim of this study is to understand the meanings of suicidal behavior for Portuguese undergraduate students. Methods: This qualitative study utilized Grounded Theory and Symbolic Interactionism. We collected data in Portugal in 2017–2018 with 13 undergraduate students. Results: Students compared suicidal behavior to “A complex and close haze” and considered it “A neglected phenomenon”. Suicidal behavior was predominantly perceived as an emotional distress that requires assistance. The students compared the person and society as “The car and the road: behavior influenced by communication and interaction” and valorized social dimensions and repercussions of suicidal behavior. Limitations: Lack of triangulation in the data and the sampling restricted to nursing students of a single institution are considered limitations of this study. Conclusions: This study can contribute to the development of academic education strategies and psychosocial support for nursing students.
Self-consistent quasiparticle model for quark-gluon plasma

Here we present a self-consistent quasiparticle model for quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and apply it to explain the nonideal behavior seen in lattice simulations. The basic idea, borrowed from electrodynamic plasma, is that the gluons acquire mass as they propagate through plasma due to collective effects and are approximately equal to the plasma frequency. The statistical mechanics and thermodynamics of such a system is studied by treating it as an ideal gas of massive gluons. Since mass or plasma frequency depend on density, which itself is a thermodynamic quantity, the whole problem needs to be solved self-consistently. This new quasiparticle model of QGP explains remarkably well the lattice simulation results of gluon plasma by adjusting just a single phenomenological parameter. Further, we extend our model to study gluon plasma using the exact, ultrarelativistic dispersion relation and again obtain a good fit to lattice results.
3D hydrodynamic simulations of C ingestion into a convective O shell

Interactions between convective shells in evolved massive stars have been linked to supernova impostors, to the production of the odd-Z elements Cl, K, and Sc, and they might also help generate the large-scale asphericities that are known to facilitate shock revival in supernova explosion models. We investigate the process of ingestion of C-shell material into a convective O-burning shell, including the hydrodynamic feedback from the nuclear burning of the ingested material. Our 3D hydrodynamic simulations span almost 3 dex in the total luminosity Ltot. All but one of the simulations reach a quasi-stationary state with the entrainment rate and convective velocity proportional to Ltot and $L_\mathrm{tot}^{1/3}$, respectively. Carbon burning provides $14\! -\! 33{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the total luminosity, depending on the set of reactions considered. Equivalent simulations done on 7683 and 11523 grids are in excellent quantitative agreement. The flow is dominated by a few large-scale convective cells. An instability leading to large-scale oscillations with Mach numbers in excess of 0.2 develops in an experimental run with the energy yield from C burning increased by a factor of 10. This run represents most closely the conditions expected in a violent O–C shell merger, which is a potential production site for odd-Z elements such as K and Sc and which may seed asymmetries in the supernova progenitor. 1D simulations may underestimate the energy generation from the burning of ingested material by as much as a factor 2 owing to their missing the effect of clumpiness of entrained material on the nuclear reaction rate.
FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER FOR A TRAFFIC JUNCTION

The system is a traffic junction and the problem of its control is considered as a classical example of nonprogrammed decisionmaking, i.e. , decisionmaking characterized by the lack of well-specified analytical means for coping with a particular problem. Thus a linguistic control algorithm is synthesized, capable of dealing with a continuously reproduced decisionmaking situation. The starting point is an adequate (though qualitative) knowledge of the system and a protocol of control instructions used by a human operator. A fuzzy set theoretic representation of these instructions which we call "a fuzzy logic controller" was tried as an answer to the control modeling problem, which gave very satisfactory results. The work done on the construction of the model of the system and the implementation of the fuzzy logic controller is presented.
Precursors, aftershocks, criticality and self-organized criticality

We present a simple model of earthquakes on a pre-existing hierarchical fault structure. The system self-organizes at large times in a stationary state with a power law Gutenberg-Richter distribution of earthquake sizes. The largest fault carries irregular great earthquakes preceded by precursors developing over long time scales and followed by aftershocks obeying an Omori's law. The cumulative energy released by precursors follows a time-to-failure power law with log-periodic structures, qualifying a large event as an effective dynamical (depinning) critical point. Down the hierarchy, smaller earthquakes exhibit the same phenomenology, albeit with increasing irregularities.
Species Distribution Modeling of the Breeding Site Distribution and Conservation Gaps of Lesser White-Fronted Goose in Siberia under Climate Change

Climate change has become an important cause of the loss of bird habitat and changes in bird migration and reproduction. The lesser white-fronted goose (Anser erythropus) has a wide range of migratory habits and is listed as vulnerable on the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List. In this study, the distribution of suitable breeding grounds for the lesser white-fronted goose was assessed in Siberia, Russia, using a combination of satellite tracking and climate change data. The characteristics of the distribution of suitable breeding sites under different climate scenarios in the future were predicted using the Maxent model, and protection gaps were assessed. The analysis showed that under the background of future climate change, temperature and precipitation will be the main climatic factors affecting the distribution of breeding grounds, and the area associated with suitable breeding habitats will present a decreasing trend. Areas listed as an optimal habitat only accounted for 3.22% of the protected distribution; however, 1,029,386.341 km2 of optimal habitat was observed outside the protected area. Obtaining species distribution data is important for developing habitat protection in remote areas. The results presented here can provide a basis for developing species-specific habitat management strategies and indicate that additional attention should be focused on protecting open spaces.
Megacity crime management strategies on human security: Evidence of target hardening and developmental prevention in Lagos state, Nigeria

Lagos, a port and land border megacity, is assailed by waves of violent crimes, alarming traffic blight, unresponsive Federal system of government as been under policed in the face of leap bounding population. How the State has found her own security expression voice independent of the newly created regional Amotekun Security Network is attracting academic attention. It was against this background that this study engaged participatory Theory to analyse megacity crime management strategies on human security in Lagos state, Nigeria. The study employs target hardening and developmental prevention security approaches to measure crime management strategies as it relates to human security. This study adopts qualitative research design using content analysis of publicly available archived documents with reliance on secondary data. The research is conducted by reviewing literature pertaining to crime management strategies, violent crime and its effects on human security in a megacity setting. The literature was obtained through searches in publicly available material. Literature from non-serial publications, official reports, and conferences has been included particularly if they have been cited by other references in term crime management strategies. Results that emanate from this study revealed target hardening positively correlate with provision of human security, while result also shows a disconnect between the State’s developmental prevention strategy and human security. This study also submits that prevalence of violent crimes in Lagos state is as fallout of poor crime management strategies. The study recommends that Lagos state government should invest more into target hardening towards achieving a safer city while the Federal Government should also give a support as a safer Lagos translates to confidence of foreign investors in the country. The study also recommends that Lagos state government should engage more NGOs in evolving a stronger developmental protection strategy, deeply inculcated in both formal and informal educational system in order to stems traces of crime and criminalities at tender ages.
Rigid-band shift of the Fermi level in the strongly correlated metal: Sr2−yLayRuO4

We report a systematic study of electron doping of ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{RuO}}_{4}$ by nonisovalent substitution of ${\mathrm{La}}^{3+}$ for ${\mathrm{Sr}}^{2+}$. Using a combination of de Haas-van Alphen oscillations, specific heat, and resistivity measurements, we show that electron doping leads to a rigid-band shift of the Fermi level corresponding to one doped electron per $\mathrm{La}$ ion, with constant many-body quasiparticle mass enhancement over the band mass. The susceptibility spectrum is substantially altered and enhanced by the doping but this has surprisingly little effect on the strength of the unconventional superconducting pairing.
Robust and Pristine Topological Dirac Semimetal Phase in Pressured Two-Dimensional Black Phosphorus

Very recently, in spite of various efforts in searching for two-dimensional topological Dirac semimetals (2D TDSMs) in phosphorene, there remains a lack of experimentally efficient way to activate such phase transition and the underlying mechanism for the topological phase acquisition is still controversial. Here, from first-principles calculations in combination with a band-sorting technique based on k·p theory, a layer-pressure topological phase diagram is obtained and some of the controversies are clarified. We demonstrate that, compared with tuning by external electric-fields, strain or doping by adsorption, hydrostatic pressure can be an experimentally more feasible way to activate the topological phase transition for 2D TDSM acquisition in phosphorene. More importantly, the resultant TDSM state is a pristine phase possessing a single pair of symmetry-protected Dirac cones right at the Fermi level, in startling contrast to the pressured bulk black phosphorus where only a carrier-mixed Dirac state can.
Metal-Nonmetal Changeover in Pyrochlore Iridates

We report the low temperature properties of a new series of pyrochlore iridates R 2 Ir 2 O 7 ( R =rare-earth elements). We found that the compounds with R =Pr, Nd, Sm, and Eu exhibit metallic conductivity, whereas those with smaller rare-earth ions are nonmetallic. Such metal-nonmetal changeover is attributable to the importance of electron correlation among the Ir 5d electrons. Reflecting the geometrical frustration in the pyrochlore lattice, the rare-earth moments do not exhibit magnetic ordering to temperatures well below the antiferromagnetic Weiss temperature. We did not find any sign of superconductivity down to 0.3 K in these compounds.
Linguistically-Informed Specificity and Semantic Plausibility for Dialogue Generation

Sequence-to-sequence models for open-domain dialogue generation tend to favor generic, uninformative responses. Past work has focused on word frequency-based approaches to improving specificity, such as penalizing responses with only common words. In this work, we examine whether specificity is solely a frequency-related notion and find that more linguistically-driven specificity measures are better suited to improving response informativeness. However, we find that forcing a sequence-to-sequence model to be more specific can expose a host of other problems in the responses, including flawed discourse and implausible semantics. We rerank our model’s outputs using externally-trained classifiers targeting each of these identified factors. Experiments show that our final model using linguistically motivated specificity and plausibility reranking improves the informativeness, reasonableness, and grammatically of responses.
Biomass Smoke Exposure and Atopy among Young Children in the Western Highlands of Guatemala: A Prospective Cohort Study

Women and children in rural regions of low-income countries are exposed to high levels of household air pollution (HAP) as they traditionally tend to household chores such as cooking with biomass fuels. Early life exposure to air pollution is associated with aeroallergen sensitization and developing allergic diseases at older ages. This prospective cohort study assigned HAP-reducing chimney stoves to 557 households in rural Guatemala at different ages of the study children. The children’s air pollution exposure was measured using personal CO diffusion tubes. Allergic outcomes at 4–5 years old were assessed using skin prick tests and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)-based questionnaires. Children assigned to improved stoves before 6 months old had the lowest HAP exposure compared to the other groups. Longer exposure to the unimproved stoves was associated with higher risks of maternal-reported allergic asthma (OR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.11–5.48) and rhinitis symptoms (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.13–3.58). No significant association was found for sensitization to common allergens such as dust mites and cockroaches based on skin prick tests. Reducing HAP by improving biomass burning conditions might be beneficial in preventing allergic diseases among children in rural low-income populations.
'Stay away from home': The role of social networks for the adaptation process of Indonesian trainees in Japan

This study aims to analyze the challenges faced by Indonesian trainees, especially the participants of Technical Intern Training Program (TITP), in the process of adapting to Japan's socio-cultural system. Furthermore, this study finds out how the role of social networks in the process of adapting the lives of the trainees. Social network theory and social capital will be used as a perspective to analyze the existing phenomena. Data collection process and analysis of findings will be carried out based on qualitative research methods. Primary data sources were taken by using in-depth interviews towards three Indonesian trainees, complemented by secondary data from related research and articles. The results of the study show that the challenges faced by Indonesian trainees include difficulties in adapting to work, limitation of Japanese language proficiency, lack of opportunities to practice prayers regularly, and difficulties to build social relationships. In dealing with these problems, trainees receive moral assistance and information about the way of life in Japan from the Indonesian networks. The adaptation process of Indonesian trainees in Japan is supported by social networks that are formed informally, and plays a role in maintaining the continuity of the migration pattern of Indonesian workers to Japan.