Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A test of the HRM model: good for employers and employees

Some of the assumptions made by the proponents of the strong version of HRM are tested, using social identity theory and group processes. In particular, the author explores the proposed link between the HRM characteristics integration, commitment, quality and flexibility and examines their relationships to employee satisfaction, intention to stay and organisational performance. Based on a survey conducted among bank employees, correlational and multiple regression analysis, both at individual and at branch level, confirm the connection between integration, commitment, quality and flexibility. Commitment emerges as the central variable. It is closely related to work satisfaction and intention to stay and, most importantly, makes a significant contribution to branch performance.
Specific genetic predictors of chemotherapeutic response and survival in patients with anaplastic oligodendrogliomas.

BACKGROUND/METHODS Gliomas are common malignant neoplasms of the central nervous system. Among the major subtypes of gliomas, oligodendrogliomas are distinguished by their remarkable sensitivity to chemotherapy, with approximately two thirds of anaplastic (malignant) oligodendrogliomas responding dramatically to combination treatment with procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (termed PCV). Unfortunately, no clinical or pathologic feature of these tumors allows accurate prediction of their response to chemotherapy. Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas also are distinguished by a unique constellation of molecular genetic alterations, including coincident loss of chromosomal arms 1p and 19q in 50%-70% of tumors. We have hypothesized that these or other specific genetic changes might predict the response to chemotherapy and prognosis in patients with anaplastic oligodendrogliomas. Therefore, we have analyzed molecular genetic alterations involving chromosomes 1p, 10q, and 19q and the TP53 (on chromosome 17p) and CDKN2A (on chromosome 9p) genes, in addition to clinicopathologic features in 39 patients with anaplastic oligodendrogliomas for whom chemotherapeutic response and survival could be assessed. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS Allelic loss (or loss of heterozygosity) of chromosome 1p is a statistically significant predictor of chemosensitivity, and combined loss involving chromosomes 1p and 19q is statistically significantly associated with both chemosensitivity and longer recurrence-free survival after chemotherapy. Moreover, in both univariate and multivariate analyses, losses involving both chromosomes 1p and 19q were strongly associated with longer overall survival, whereas CDKN2A gene deletions and ring enhancement (i.e., contrast enhancement forming a rim around the tumor) on neuroimaging were associated with a significantly worse prognosis. The inverse relationship between CDKN2A gene deletions and losses of chromosomes 1p and 19q further implies that these differential clinical behaviors reflect two independent genetic subtypes of anaplastic oligodendroglioma. These results suggest that molecular genetic analysis may aid therapeutic decisions and predict outcome in patients with anaplastic oligodendrogliomas.
A new insight into the dynamic fluctuation mechanism of stress-induced leakage current

The dynamic fluctuation of stress-induced leakage current, called V-SILC, which is one of the causes of erratic bits in flash memory, was investigated. The effect of V-SILC on flash memory retention increases with the scaling down of device dimensions because the amplitude of V-SILC is constant and does not depend on the gate area. A statistical analysis of V-SILC indicated that V-SILC is random telegraph noise (RTN) of gate SILC and is associated with the state transition of a single defect in a gate oxide. The state transition of the defect is caused by an electron collision with the defect.
Risk factors for recurrence and metastasis after breast-conserving therapy for ductal carcinoma-in-situ: analysis of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Trial 10853.

PURPOSE In view of the increasing number of patients treated with breast-conserving treatment (BCT) for ductal carcinoma-in-situ (DCIS), risk factors for recurrence and metastasis should be identified. PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical and pathologic characteristics from patients with DCIS in the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer trial 10853 (excision with or without radiotherapy) were related to the risk of recurrence. Pathologic features were derived from a central review of 863 of the 1,010 randomized cases (85%). The median follow-up was 5.4 years. RESULTS Factors associated with an increased risk of local recurrence in the multivariate analysis were young age (< or = 40 years) (hazard ratio, 2.14; P =.02), symptomatic detection of DCIS (hazard ratio, 1.80; P =.008), growth pattern (solid and cribriform) (hazard ratios, 2.67 and 2.69, respectively; P =.012), involved margins (hazard ratio, 2.07; P =.0008), and treatment by local excision alone (hazard ratio, 1.74; P =.009). The risk of invasive recurrence was not related to the histologic type of DCIS (P =.63), but the risk of distant metastasis was significantly higher in poorly differentiated DCIS compared with well-differentiated DCIS (hazard ratio, 6.57; P =.01). CONCLUSION Patients with poorly differentiated DCIS have a high risk of distant metastasis after invasive local recurrence. Margin status is the most important factor in the success of BCT for DCIS; additionally, young age and symptomatic detection of DCIS have negative prognostic value.
Three-phase five-level active-neutral-point-clamped converters for medium voltage applications

In this paper various five-level active-neutral-point-clamped converters (ANPCCs) are proposed. These, as for the conventional ANPCC structure, are constructed with a combination of neutral-point-clamped and floating capacitor converter technologies. Depending on the new circuit arrangement, better total semiconductor conduction losses and/or the requirement of lesser active switch part count are achievable when compared to a conventional ANPCC. Additionally, a modulation scheme providing well regulated, balanced and low voltage ripples across the dc-bus capacitors for the studied ANPCCs is presented. The voltage balancing across the phase capacitors is performed by selecting the multilevel converter redundant switching states, which results in different current direction across this device. The technique is implemented in a carrier-based PWM modulation scheme.
Influence of translaminar pressure dynamics on the position of the anterior lamina cribrosa surface.

PURPOSE To determine how the translaminar pressure difference (TLPD) and gradient (TLPG) influence the position of anterior lamina cribrosa (LC) surface. METHODS Twenty-six eyes of 26 healthy subjects were subjected to enhanced-depth imaging volume scanning of the optic nerve using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The anterior LC surface depth (LCD) relative to the Bruch's membrane (BM) opening was measured at 11 equidistant planes, and the LC thickness (LCT) was measured at three locations (superior midperipheral, midhorizontal, and inferior midperipheral). Intraocular pressure and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) were measured on the same day as the SD-OCT examination. The TLPD was defined as the difference between IOP and CSFP (i.e., IOP-CSFP), and the TLPG as the TLPD divided by LCT (i.e., TLPD/LCT). RESULTS Subjects were aged 63.4 ± 8.0 years and comprised 12 males and 14 females. Regression analyses revealed a significant association between a larger mean LCD and male sex (P = 0.002), and between a larger central LCD and male sex (P ≤ 0.012), larger TLPD (P = 0.048), and higher TLPG (P = 0.029). There was no significant association between IOP, CSFP, and LCT, and either the mean LCD (P = 0.438, 0.368, and 0.416, respectively) or central LCD (P = 0.284, 0.085, and 0.144, respectively). CONCLUSIONS A larger central LCD was associated with larger TLPD and higher TLPG in healthy eyes, which indicates that the translaminar pressure dynamics may play a role in the position of the anterior LC surface relative to BM opening in healthy human eyes.
Octreotide Is Ineffective in Treating Tumor‐Induced Osteomalacia: Results of a Short‐Term Therapy

Tumor‐induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome in which unregulated hypersecretion of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) by phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMT) causes renal phosphate wasting, hypophosphatemia, and osteomalacia. The resulting mineral homeostasis abnormalities and skeletal manifestations can be reversed with surgical resection of the tumor. Unfortunately, PMTs are often difficult to locate, and medical treatment with oral phosphate and vitamin D analogues is either insufficient to manage the disease or not tolerated. Octreotide has been proposed as a potential treatment for TIO due to the presence of somatostatin receptors (SSTR) on PMTs; however, the role of somatostatin signaling in PMTs and the efficacy of treatment of TIOs with somatostatin analogues is not clear. In an effort to evaluate the efficacy of octreotide therapy in TIO, five subjects with TIO were treated with octreotide for 3 days. Blood intact FGF23, phosphate, and 1,25(OH)2D3, and tubular reabsorption of phosphate (TRP) were measured at frequent time points during treatment. Octreotide's effects were assessed by comparing group means of the biochemical parameters at each time‐point to mean baseline values. There were no significant changes in blood phosphate, FGF23, 1,25(OH)2D3, or TRP during octreotide treatment, consistent with a lack of efficacy of octreotide in treating TIO. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Adolescent self harm patients: audit of assessment in an accident and emergency department.

OBJECTIVE--To examine the assessment of adolescent self harm patients attending an accident and emergency department. DESIGN--Retrospective assessment of case notes. SETTING--Accident and emergency department, Leicester Royal Infirmary. PATIENTS--210 adolescent patients (aged 9-19 years) attending the department during 1 January 1989-31 December 1989 after deliberate self poisoning; records were available for 200. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Numbers of admissions, discharges from department without either a psychiatric consultation or some form of follow up, and discharges with either of these; scoring of adequacy of psychiatric and social assessment by accident and emergency doctor. RESULTS--89 patients were admitted (mean score 5.1, excluding 22 patients too drowsy or unforthcoming for proper assessment), 80 were discharged without specific psychiatric consultation or other follow up (mean score 5.4), and 31 were discharged with psychiatric consultation or other follow up (mean score 9.1). The percentage of patients in each group whose assessment by the accident and emergency doctor was considered to be adequate or better than adequate over 10 headings ranged from 0%-40% for admitted patients, 0%-50% for those discharged without psychiatric assessment, and 0%-61% in the remaining group. Overall, in almost half (49%, 54/111) of all of those discharged documentation of the suicidal state was inadequate. CONCLUSION--The assessment of many adolescent self harm patients in this clinic was unsatisfactory. IMPLICATIONS--Doctors working in accident and emergency departments should be encouraged to liaise with child psychiatrists before discharging such patients.
Prospects for Latin America and Caribbean Region in the Global Market for International Tourism: A Projection to the Year 2020

International tourism has become very important to several developing countries as a major source of foreign exchange earnings for their economic development. This article explores the potentials of countries of the Latin America and Caribbean region in the global market for international tourism up to the end of the next decade. This was achieved by analyzing past trends of international tourism in the region, and projecting these trends to the year 2020 using a combination of four different time‐series projection models evaluated by the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Results show that international tourism arrivals into the Latin America and Caribbean region would increase from 51.21 million in 2004 (end of observed period) to between 87.58 million and 100.03 million by the year 2020. The corresponding figures for international tourism receipts would go from US$34.11 billion in 2004 to between US$64.92 billion and US$75.79 billion by the year 2020. Socioeconomic impacts of these findings are given, and recommendations for marketing strategies, government public policies, and directions for future research are discussed. The author thanks the Development Data Group (DECDG) of the World Bank for providing the data for this research. Insightful comments and recommendations on the initial manuscript by the anonymous reviewers of the Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing are greatly appreciated.
Grassroots ecopreneurs: change agents for a sustainable society

Business entrepreneurs contribute to socio‐economic development and change through their commercial enterprises. Enterprising individuals seeking to change society or address social issues through an organized initiative have often been referred to as social entrepreneurs. The past decade has witnessed the emergence of a new breed of eco‐conscious change agents who may be called ecological entrepreneurs (ecopreneurs for short). This paper focuses on the strategies developed by six grassroots ecopreneurs drawn from two Indian states, Gujarat and Maharashtra, in the field of alternative agriculture. The cases in this sample consist of individuals who try to diffuse innovations developed by themselves. The paper also explains the conceptual differences between two types of ecopreneurs and provides the theoretical sampling frame; it discusses the research objectives and methodology and presents the ecopreneurs and their efforts at diffusing their eco‐friendly ideas and innovations. Finally, the paper focuses on two important barriers to ecopreneurship, describes the strategies used to overcome these barriers and draws conclusions.
Appointment Overbooking in Health Care Clinics to Improve Patient Service and Clinic Performance

The problem of no-shows (patients who do not arrive for scheduled appointments) is particularly significant for health care clinics, with reported no-show rates varying widely from 3% to 80%. No-shows reduce revenues and provider productivity, increase costs, and limit patient access by reducing effective clinic capacity. In this article, we construct a flexible appointment scheduling model to mitigate the detrimental effects of patient no-shows, and develop a fast and effective solution procedure that constructs near-optimal overbooked appointment schedules that balance the benefits of serving additional patients with the potential costs of patient waiting and clinic overtime. Computational results demonstrate the efficacy of our model and solution procedure, and connect our work to prior research in health care appointment scheduling.
The Preoperative Bleeding Time Test Lacks

T he major conclusions of this position article are as follows: (1) In the absence of a history of a bleeding disorder, the bleeding time is not a useful predictor of the risk of hemorrhage associated with surgical procedures. (2) A normal bleeding time does not exclude the possibility of excessive hemorrhage associated with invasive procedures. (3) The bleeding time cannot be used to reliably identify patients who may have recently ingested aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents or those who have a platelet defect attributable to these drugs. The best preoperative screen to predict bleeding continues to be a carefully conducted clinical history that includes family and previous dental, obstetric, surgical, traumatic injury, transfusion, and drug histories. A history suggesting a possible bleeding disorder may require further evaluation; such an evaluation may include performance of the bleeding time test, as well as a determination of the platelet count, the prothrombin time, and the activated partial thromboplastin time. In the absence of a history of excessive bleeding, the bleeding time fails as a screening test and is, therefore, not indicated as a routine preoperative test. Arch Surg. 1998;133:134-139
Why & When Deep Learning Works: Looking Inside Deep Learnings

The Intel Collaborative Research Institute for Computational Intelligence (ICRI-CI) has been heavily supporting Machine Learning and Deep Learning research from its foundation in 2012. We have asked six leading ICRI-CI Deep Learning researchers to address the challenge of "Why & When Deep Learning works", with the goal of looking inside Deep Learning, providing insights on how deep networks function, and uncovering key observations on their expressiveness, limitations, and potential. The output of this challenge resulted in five papers that address different facets of deep learning. These different facets include a high-level understating of why and when deep networks work (and do not work), the impact of geometry on the expressiveness of deep networks, and making deep networks interpretable.
Developing a Public Interest School of Management

This ‘think piece’ paper contributes to the recent ‘business school business’ debate by examining whether an alternative form of the business school – specifically, the public interest model – can be created. Current criticisms of conventional business schools are reviewed and alternative models explored. We take some examples from our own field of health management research. We define the public interest school model in more detail than in previous accounts and compare and contrast it with other models of the reformed business school. We identify certain conditions in which this form is more likely to succeed and suggest a future empirical research agenda.
Clinical characteristics, diagnosis and management of respiratory distress syndrome in full-term neonates.

BACKGROUND Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is one of the most common causes of neonatal respiratory failure and neonatal death, however, its clinical characteristics are very different from premature RDS, and these characteristics have not been well documented as yet. This study was to investigate the pathogenesis, clinical characteristics and management strategies of RDS in full-term neonates, with the aim of developing a working protocol for improving the outcome in full-term neonates with RDS. METHODS A total of 125 full-term infants with RDS were enrolled in this study. Their clinical and laboratory data were collected for analyzing the characteristics of full-term neonatal RDS. RESULTS (1) The 125 cases included 94 male and 31 female infants, vaginal delivery occurred in 80 cases and cesarean section in 45 cases. (2) The onset time of RDS was (3.11 ± 3.59) hours after birth. (3) The possible reasons included severe perinatal infections in 63 patients, elective cesarean section in 34 cases, severe birth asphyxia in 12 patients, meconium aspiration syndrome in 9 patients, pulmonary hemorrhage in 4 patients and maternal diabetes in 3 patients. (4) Complications included multiple organ system failure (MOSF) in 49 patients, persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN) in 25 patients, acute renal failure in 18 patients, severe hyperkalemia in 25 patients, severe metabolic acidosis in 6 cases, severe myocardial injury in 9 cases, pulmonary hemorrhage in 3 cases, disseminated intravascular coagulation in 14 patients and shock in 12 patients. (5) Four patients died, the mortality was therefore 3.2% with the main cause of septicemia complicating of MOSF, but their prognosis was improved while comprehensive treatment measures including early mechanical ventilation and broad spectrum antibiotics were taken into account. CONCLUSIONS RDS is not an uncommon disease in full-term infants and is associated with a higher mortality, its clinical characteristics are very different from premature RDS, and its onset is earlier and is more likely to develop into PPHN and/or MOSF. The main cause of death is severe infection complicating of MOSF and most patients require prolonged mechanical ventilation. Comprehensive management strategies will help to improve patient's prognosis.
Universal Design and the Smart Home

The related concepts of Universal Design, Inclusive Design, and Design For All, all recognise that no one solution will fit the requirements of every possible user. This paper considers the extent to which current developments in smart home technology can help to reduce the numbers of users for whom mainstream technology is not sufficiently inclusive, proposing a flexible approach to user interface (UI) implementation focussed on the capabilities of the user. This implies development of the concepts underlying Universal Design to include the development of a flexible inclusive support infrastructure, servicing the requirements of individual users and their personalised user interface devices.
The institutional basis of economic failure: anatomy of the segmented business system

There has been a glaring lack of research on institutional configurations, which impede rather than promote economic success. Building on Richard Whitley's business systems theory and based on the experience of East Africa, this paper attempts to fill a gap in the literature by identifying a distinct variety of capitalism, the segmented business system. Segmented business systems are characterized by rigid internal divisions between different areas of economic activity. The relative impermeability of barriers between the latter partially accounts for their weak track record; this is mitigated-but, in some cases, exacerbated-through the operation of informal networks of support. Whilst segmented business systems would seem to be characterized by consistent institutional failure, specific aspects thereof have proved highly functional to elite interests. However, given their vulnerability to external and internal pressures, segmented business systems are likely to remain locked in a cycle of generally poor and uneven economic performance in the absence of radical reforms.