Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticles as illuminating allies: Advancing diagnostic frontiers in COVID-19- A review

Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as indispensable tools in the fight against the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov2) pandemic, finding extensive utilization in both diagnosis and therapeutics. Their ability to interact with the virus and host cells in diverse manners positions them as valuable assets for detecting, treating, and preventing COVID-19. In this comprehensive review, a detailed summary of the state-of-the-art NP-based diagnostic methods for COVID-19 has been presented, particularly important classes of gold nanoparticles (GNPs), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), quantum dots, liposomes, silica nanoparticles (SNPs), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) delineating and their inherent strengths as well as limitations. Additionally, the challenges and opportunities that have been addressed lie ahead in pursuing future advancements and clinical translation of NP-based technologies for diagnosing COVID-19.
Modeling Liver Development and Disease in a Dish

Historically, biological research has relied primarily on animal models. While this led to the understanding of numerous human biological processes, inherent species-specific differences make it difficult to answer certain liver-related developmental and disease-specific questions. The advent of 3D organoid models that are either derived from pluripotent stem cells or generated from healthy or diseased tissue-derived stem cells have made it possible to recapitulate the biological aspects of human organs. Organoid technology has been instrumental in understanding the disease mechanism and complements animal models. This review underscores the advances in organoid technology and specifically how liver organoids are used to better understand human-specific biological processes in development and disease. We also discuss advances made in the application of organoid models in drug screening and personalized medicine.
Balancing development and sustainability: Assessing risks and protecting aquatic biodiversity on US college and university campuses

Extensive urbanization impairs biological communities through landscape alteration and physiochemical changes to stream ecosystems. Analogous to urban development in cities, new building and facility expansion on university campuses can lead to dramatic changes in impervious cover and consequently, increased stormflow impacting downstream ecological communities. Here, we analyze the extent and relevance on a nationwide scale to determine campuses with the highest risk for ecological impairment. From the US‐wide analysis of 5761 college/university campuses, ~45% of campuses were within critical aquatic species watersheds, and >5% were identified as buffering critical habitat. The highest risk campus our study identified was selected to compare the impacts of planned, conventional development versus sustainable development on a sensitive aquatic species, the federally threatened Jollyville Plateau salamander (Eurycea tonkawae). Impervious cover, simulated increases in stormwater runoff, and total suspended solids (TSS) from the conventional expansion is estimated to lower salamander density. Conversely, an alternative campus expansion plan allowed for increased development but permitted provisions for reduced runoff and TSS, thereby maintaining current salamander densities. Our findings show that sustainable campus development plans have the potential to mitigate ecological disruption within watersheds, and that campus management and policies are critical for preserving biodiversity in the future.
Asociaciones De Foraminíferos Bentónicos En Secciones Holocenas Del Estuario De Bahía Blanca (Buenos Aires, Argentina): Caracterización Paleoambiental

Abstract. ASSEMBLAGES OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA FROM HOLOCENE SECTIONS IN THE BAHÍA BLANCA ESTUARY (BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA). Benthic foraminifera associations are described from two Holocene sections, Canal Tres Brazas (38°54′S–62°14′W) and Canal del Medio (38°49′S–62°17′W), in the Bahía Blanca estuary, Buenos Aires Province. Micropaleontological analysis shows that both sections represent low intertidal to subtidal estuarine environments, affected by sea-level variations during the late Holocene. Among hyaline foraminifera, Buccella frigida (Cushman, 1922) dominates in both sections, mainly associated to Elphidium gunteri Cole (1931) and other species of Elphidium Montfort, 1808. Also present, but in low proportions are Ammonia tepida (Cushman, 1926) and Ammonia parkinsoniana (d'Orbigny, 1839) with bolivinids such as Bolivina striatula Cushman (1922) and Bolivina pseudoplicata Heron-Allen and Earland (1930). Among the most conspicuous miliolids are Miliolinella subrotunda (Montagu, 1803) and Quinqueloculina seminulum (Linné, 1767). The Canal del Medio section, dated at about cal. 3700 years BP represents a low intertidal to shallow subtidal estuarine environment, revealing energy oscillations in the depositional environment attributed to the cyclical action of tides. Features of these deposits indicate that the mean sea level at 3831–3610 years BP was located in a similar position to that of the present one. The Canal Tres Brazas section, the base of which was dated in cal. 1589–1371 years BP, shows a typical shallow intertidal fauna that gradually gives way to environments with greater continental influence, and without microfosiliferous content.
Sodium lidar‐observed gravity wave breaking followed by an upward propagation of sporadic sodium layer over Hefei, China

The University of Science and Technology of China sodium temperature/wind lidar observed a strong zonal wind shear (~60 m/s/km) near 98 km between 1315 and 1330 UT on 29 July 2013 and a cooling near 96–100 km (above a warming near 90–95 km) between 1330 and 1430 UT. This suggests a possible gravity wave (GW) breaking event. Comparison of the lidar results with observations from a nearby meteor radar and with satellite results indicated that the GW likely broke down over a large horizontal area. In addition, the sodium number density suddenly increased 10–12 times (∼13, 000atm/cm3) near 95 km at 1400 UT, immediately following the GW breaking. This sporadic sodium layer (SSL), which is different from most previously observed SSL events (which propagate downward), tended to propagate upward and also appeared ~2 min earlier in the west channel than in the east channel. The horizontal propagation direction of the SSL was aligned with the horizontal wind direction, which was likely due to the propagation of a high‐density sodium layer from the northwest of the lidar site, and was possibly related to the earlier GW breaking event.
Integrated Personalized Thermal Comfort Model for Input Variable Reduction

To improve indoor overall thermal comfort and reduce building energy consumption, one of the methods is building a personalized thermal comfort model which can predict individual thermal sensation and thermal preference. Although a number of models have been proposed previously, they have significant drawbacks that limit their use in daily life. This study proposes a model which combines mathematical modeling and machine-learning algorithms. It offers personalized thermal sensation values for each individual based on measured wrist skin temperature, heart rate, and indoor body ambient air temperature. Compared with previous studies, the proposed method uses fewer input variables and improves prediction accuracy.
Breaking the Stigma in Mental Health Nursing through High-Fidelity Simulation Training

The social stigma toward individuals with mental health problems is habitual among nursing students, which can lead to poor quality of health care services for patients with mental illnesses. The purpose of the present study was to learn about nursing students’ perceptions of providing care to patients with severe mental disorders before and after participating in a simulated student clinical case. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted through 39 interviews. The difficulties expected by the students and their perceptions about patients were explored before the simulation training. Their perceptions about the use of clinical simulation for learning about the adequate management of these patients were analyzed afterwards. Results: Before the simulation training, the students assessed the case as being complicated, expressed their lack of specific training, and felt fear and insecurity, thus reproducing the stigma towards mental health patients. After this training, they positively valued the usefulness of the clinical simulation for gaining confidence and overcoming the stigma. Discussion: The use of high-fidelity simulation offers nursing students the opportunity to approach patients with mental health conditions, overcoming their fears and normalizing mental disorders. Simulation training allows nursing students to analyze the reasoning of clinical judgment and to detect the influence of previous prejudices about mental illness in their clinical decision. This study was not registered.
THE NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION SIMULATION OF TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS IN CHINA BY AVIM

In this paper we used an Atmosphere-Vegetation Interaction Model (AVIM) that has been validated at regional and global scales to estimate the NPP (net primary production) variation of modern Chinese terrestrial ecosystems and its responses to the climate change. AVIM consists of two inter-coupled components: physical process and eco-physiological process, involving the mater and energy balance between the atmosphere, vegetation and soil. Chinese vegetation is classified 9 types and soil texture is classified into 6 types. The parameters of eco-physiological processes for each vegetation type for AVIM are collected. Daily weather data for 0.5×0.5 grid cells as the forcing of the model are generated from the monthly climate data, coming from the climate research unit, University of East Anglia, UK. The estimated NPP of chinese vegetation changes from 0 to 1 389 gC/(cm~2·a), averaging 355 gC/(cm~2·a). Vegetation from the rain forest has the high NPP value, and the low NPP corresponding to the shrub with no cover. The NPP decreases from east to west in China, with the highest NPP occuring at the south area of Yunnan Province, and the lowest appearing at Tibet and Xinjiang areas. Total NPP of the terrestrial ecosystems is (3.33) Pg C, suggesting that such amount of carbon is absorbed from the atmosphere by the vegetation in China. Our work also shows that precipitation is the main factor affecting the NPP of terrestrial ecosystems in China.
Mode Predictive Direct Power Control Scheme with Fixed Operation Frequency for a Vienna Rectifier Based on Voltage‐Sensorless

Model predictive direct power control (MPDPC) is a suitable method for the highly nonlinear system of a three‐level Vienna rectifier. However, the traditional MPDPC suffers from irregular switching states, which can decrease current tracking accuracy and generate high current ripple and electromagnetic noise. Additionally, the use of sensors can increase system hardware costs and complexity. To enhance operational reliability and reduce the fault impact of AC voltage sensors, a double closed‐loop control strategy based on voltage‐sensorless MPDPC in the inner loop and sliding mode control (SMC) in the outer loop is proposed. First, the virtual flux model of the three‐phase Vienna rectifier is established in the two‐phase static coordinate system, and the second‐order low‐pass filter is used to improve the voltage observer to estimate the grid‐voltage. Meanwhile, an improved grid voltage observer based on the second‐order low‐pass filter is designed to improve the observation effect. Second, to solve the variable switching operation, current fluctuation and wide harmonic spectrum caused by the traditional MPDPC effectively, a double closed‐loop control strategy with constant switching frequency based on voltage‐sensorless MPDPC in the inner loop and SMC control in the outer loop is proposed. Based on the principle of SVPWM modulation, the modulation voltage of SVPWM is calculated directly, in order to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis, extensive simulation and matching experimental is presented to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. © 2023 The Authors. IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering published by Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Label-Free Imaging of Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis Products and Their Modifications Tethered in Microspots Using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry is used to analyze solid-phase synthesis products in 60 µm spots of high-density peptide arrays. As a result, a table of specific fragments for the individual detection of amino acids and their side chain protecting groups within peptides is compiled. The specific signal of an amino acid increases linearly as its number increases in the immobilized peptide. Mass-to-charge ratio values are identified that can distinguish between isomers such as leucine and isoleucine. The accessibility of the N-terminus of polyalanine will be studied depending on the number of its residues. The examples provided in the study demonstrate the significant potential of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry for high-throughput screening of functional groups and their accessibility to chemical reactions occurring simultaneously in hundreds of thousands of microreactors on a single microscope slide.
An overview of AC and DC microgrid energy management systems

In 2022, the global electricity consumption was 4,027 billion kWh, steadily increasing over the previous fifty years. Microgrids are required to integrate distributed energy sources (DES) into the utility power grid. They support renewable and nonrenewable distributed generation technologies and provide alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) power through separate power connections. This paper presents a unified energy management system (EMS) paradigm with protection and control mechanisms, reactive power compensation, and frequency regulation for AC/DC microgrids. Microgrids link local loads to geographically dispersed power sources, allowing them to operate with or without the utility grid. Between 2021 and 2028, the expansion of the world's leading manufacturers will be driven by their commitment to technological advancements, infrastructure improvements, and a stable and secure global power supply. This article discusses iterative, linear, mixed integer linear, stochastic, and predictive microgrid EMS programming techniques. Iterative algorithms minimize the footprints of standalone systems, whereas linear programming optimizes energy management in freestanding hybrid systems with photovoltaic (PV). Mixed-integers linear programming (MILP) is useful for energy management modeling. Management of microgrid energy employs stochastic and robust optimization. Control and predictive modeling (MPC) generates energy management plans for microgrids. Future microgrids may use several AC/DC voltage standards to reduce power conversion stages and improve efficiency. Research into EMS interaction may be intriguing.
Discussion on SWAT model and its application

Among most of the hydrological models,SWAT model,developed in 1990s,is a distributed hydrographic model with good physical mechanism and broad application home and abroad.This article briefly introduces the background and development of the model,and explains the structure of the model in detail.The sources and function of the basic databases are described.Then the operational reliability of SWAT model is reviewed based on model application practice in China.Some problems and restricting factors for improving the model are put forward.Finally,suggestions are made for further updating the model,such as building background database of soil and vegetation in China,refining calculation method and enhancing reliability of application.
The Influence of Intellectual Stimulation as an Aspect of Transformational Leadership in Enhancing Employee’s Performance towards Successful Management of Water Supply Services at Iringa Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Authority

This research aimed to examine the influence of transformational leadership in enhancing successful management of water supply services at IRUWASA. The study applied the transformational leadership theory developed by Bass in 1985. The specific objective of the research was to assess how intellectual stimulation influence employee performance in enhancing successful management of water supply services at IRUWASA. The study adopted a quantitative research approach where data were collected through structured questionnaires. The study involved 109 IRUWASA employees selected using a proportionate simple random sampling method. Multivariate Correlation analysis was employed to analyze the quantitative data. The research findings demonstrated that there were significant positive correlations between intellectual stimulation and employee performance in the context of successfully managing water supply services at IRUWASA. Furthermore, the study revealed a positive relationship between employee performance and the successful management of water supply services. Therefore, it can be concluded that fostering qualities of intellectual stimulation should be prioritized and actively encouraged. By doing so, employee performance can be enhanced, ultimately leading to the successful management of water supply services at IRUWASA. This underscores the importance of implementing transformational leadership practices to achieve desired outcomes of management of water supply services at IRUWASA.
Research on the vulnerability assessment model of water supply systems based on catastrophe theory

According to the catastrophe characteristics of the water supply systems when it damaged by emergency,a new vulnerability assessment model was proposed based on catastrophe theory.Taking the earthquake disaster as an example,firstly,according to the damage mechanism of water supply systems under earthquake and the historical earthquake data,the vulnerability assessment indicators was established.Secondly,according to the relationship among the control factors of water supply systems' functions,the status function and control variables were determined.Thirdly,the cusp catastrophe mathematical model was established,and the normalized formula was derived and the vulnerability classification standard was determined.Then,based on the research results above,the new vulnerability assessment model of water supply systems was proposed.At last,the water supply system of north china was taking as a case study.Through application we could found that the model was theoretical and practical feasibility.It could be used to supply the decision support for the design of water supply systems.
The Efficacy of Rule of Law Publicity Short Video Platforms in the Prevention of Medical Disputes Among Healthcare Professionals: A Propensity Score Analysis

Background Medical disputes are a recurrent and pressing issue in hospitals, posing significant challenges to the functioning of medical institutions. We aimed to investigate whether receiving rule of law publicity on short video platforms is relevant to preventing medical disputes among healthcare professionals. Methods We collected the data from 37,978 medical professionals from 130 tertiary public hospitals. Participants were classified into two groups according to the presence of receiving rule of law publicity on short video platforms. A subgroup analysis was performed before and after propensity score analysis, and multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for medical disputes. Results Among all participants, 46.1% (17,506/37,978) experienced medical disputes. Before propensity score analysis, the prevalence of medical disputes among participants who received rule of law publicity on short video platforms was similar to that among participants who did not (P = 0.639). However, after propensity score analysis, participants who received the rule of law publicity on short video platforms did not show a benefit effect. These participants had a significantly higher rate of suffering from medical disputes than participants who did not receive publicity on this platform (P=0.020). Multiple logistic regression analysis confirmed that receiving the rule of law publicity through short video platforms (P=0.010) or MicroBlog (P = 0.016), and previously facing legal issues outside of medical work (P < 0.001) were risk factors for medical disputes; participating in legal training organized by hospitals (P=0.004) and the hospital rule of law being very good (P=0.045) were protective factors. Conclusion Medical disputes are a common occurrence within the healthcare profession. However, using short video platforms to promote the rule of law is not an effective method to prevent disputes. Instead, healthcare professionals can benefit from participating in legal training and having a well-established rule of law within the hospital construct.
Dependence of pH in coastal waters on the adsorption of protons onto sediment minerals

We measured pH, total alkalinity (TAlk), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and δ13C‐DIC in groundwater of a subterranean estuary in Hwasun Bay in the volcanic island of Jeju, Korea. In the sandy aquifer, the pH values (7.4 ± 0.2) of fresh groundwater increased sharply to ∼ 10 and then behaved conservatively in the mixing zone between alkalified fresh groundwater and seawater. The distributions of δ13C‐DIC, Ca2+, and Mg2+ in coastal groundwater, along with the results from lab experiments on sediment columns, suggest that the increase of pH in this subterranean estuary is associated with the adsorption of protons (protonation) onto sandy sediments, rather than other geochemical processes. Our lab experiments showed that the protonation (1) occurs commonly for various sediments of Jeju Island, (2) increases pH effectively for low‐salinity (salinity < 10) groundwater, and (3) depends on the relative amount of transition metal (i.e., Fe, Ti, and Mn) oxides. The chamber experiments at the interface of seawater and groundwater indicate the direct seepage of high pH water into the ocean. This increase in pH leads to corresponding uptake of CO2 from the atmosphere. Thus, our result suggests that the reaction between groundwater and coastal sediments should be considered as an important driver of pH change that regulates the magnitude of chemical species in coastal groundwater seeping into the ocean at the volcanic island, Jeju, Korea.