Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can migration mitigate the effects of ecosystem change? Patterns of dispersal, energy acquisition and allocation in Great Lakes lake whitefi sh (Coregonus clupeaformis)

Migration can be a behavioural response to poor or declining home range habitat quality and can occur when the costs of migration are overcome by the benefi ts of encountering higher- quality resources elsewhere. Despite dramatic ecosystem-level changes in the benthic food web of the Laurentian Great Lakes since the colonization of dreissenid mussels, coincident changes in condition and growth rates among benthivorous lake whitefi sh populations have been variable. We hypothesized that this variation could be in part mitigated by differences in migratory habits among populations, where increased migration distance can result in an increased probability of encountering high-quality habitat (relative to the home range). Results from four Great Lakes populations support this hypothesis; relative growth rates increased regularly with migration distance. The population with the largest average migration distance also had the least reduction in size-at-age during a period of signifi cant ecosystem change and among the highest estimated consumption and activity rates. In comparison, the population with the greatest declines in size-at-age was among the least mobile, demonstrating only moderate rates of consumption and activity. The least mobile population of lake whitefi sh was supported by a remnant Diporeia population and has experienced only moderate temporal growth declines. Our study provides evidence for the potential role of migration in mitigating the effects of ecosystem change on lake whitefi sh populations.
Fake News Analysis of Supreme Court Decision from Linguistic Forensic and Critical Discourse Analysis Perspective

This research purposes to know the results of the Supreme Court's decision on fake news by implementing linguistic forensic and critical discourse analysis based on Fairclough's 1995 grand theory approach. Some categories of analysis include representation, relations, identity, and sociocultural practices. Individual who break the law by spreading fake news may imprisonment. This is in accordance with the rules stated in Article 45A paragraph (2) of law number 19 of 2016, which amends law number 11 of 2008.The research method used is descriptive qualitative by collecting and analyzing data from defendants who are proven to have committed acts of insult and hatred of Ethnic Religion and Intergroup. The results of data analysis are in the form of representation of news information, power relations contained in it, the identity of the defendant formed, and the sociocultural practices that arise. Sociocultural practices that occur in this context, such as discrimination, controversy, and manipulation of information. The results of this study can become a foundation to sensitize the public about the dangers of fake news, encourage changes in creating truth in media practices, and increase defendants' awareness of the importance of justice in the criminal justice system.
Comparable Evaluation of Nutritional Benefits of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus toyonensis Probiotic Supplementation on Growth, Feed Utilization, Health, and Fecal Microbiota in Pre-Weaning Male Calves

Simple Summary Pre-weaning nutrition plays a crucial role in the growth of male calves, as it shapes their future productivity and overall health. The administration of probiotics to calves during this period can help in maintaining a healthy gastrointestinal tract, establishing a strong immune system, enhancing nutrient absorption, and ultimately leading to optimal growth rates and a successful transition to a productive adult life. This study aims to investigate and compare the blood biochemical, hematological, and fecal microbiota of pre-weaned Holstein male calves supplemented with a mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus toyonensis versus each individual strain alone. The current study found that using the probiotic mixture displayed superior positive effects compared to each individual strain alone on growth, feed intake, feed efficiency, blood constituents, and modulation of fecal microbiota composition. This approach represents a novel and potentially more effective strategy for enhancing the growth and health of pre-weaned Holstein male calves. Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the impact of probiotic supplementation using Lactobacillus plantarum DSA 20174 and/or Bacillus toyonensis ATCC 55050 on growth performance, blood parameters, hematological measures, and fecal microbiota in pre-weaning Holstein calves. Thirty-two four-day-old male calves with a similar genetic background, weighing an average of 38.27 ± 0.12 kg, were randomly assigned to four groups. The groups consisted of a control group (CON) without supplementation, a group receiving B. toyonensis (BT) at 3 × 109 cfu/calf/day, a group receiving L. plantarum (LP) at 1 × 1010 cfu/calf/day, and a group receiving a combination of LP and BT (LP + BT) at half the dosage for each. The study found that calves supplemented with LP and LP + BT experienced significant improvements in average daily gain and final body weight compared to the control group. The LP + BT group showed the most positive effects on TDMI, starter intake, and CP intake. RBC counts tended to be higher in the probiotic groups, with the LP + BT group having the highest values. The LP + BT group also had higher total protein, albumin, globulin, and hematocrit concentrations. All probiotic groups showed higher serum IgG concentrations. Probiotic supplementation led to increased total bacterial count and decreased levels of E. coli, salmonella, and clostridium. The LP + BT group had a significant decrease in coliform count, while both LP and LP + BT groups had increased Lactobacillus populations. In conclusion, LP + BT probiotic supplement showed the most beneficial effects on growth, feed efficiency, blood constituents, and modulation of fecal microbiota composition.
Remote Monitoring, Control and Data Visualization for a Solar Water Pumping System

Access to clean water is a significant challenge in many regions, including Sukkur, Pakistan. The effective management of water resources is a critical challenge, particularly in areas with limited access to surface water sources. This paper presents a remote monitoring of water pumping system designed to address water distribution challenges in Sukkur, Pakistan. The system utilizes a combination of hardware components, including Arduino Uno, Raspberry Pi 2, ultrasonic sensor, and GSM modules, to enable remote monitoring, control, and data visualization. The system architecture incorporates Node-RED, a powerful flow-based programming tool, to facilitate data communication, storage, and visualization. To enable remote monitoring and control, users can send SMS commands to the Arduino Uno, connected to the GSM module, to query the system's status and control the pump's operation. Additionally, a mobile application developed using the MIT App Inventor platform allows users to interact with the system, visualize real-time and historical data, and receive updates on water levels and pump status. The Raspberry Pi 2 serves as a server and cloud storage for the system.
Impact of Excessive Increase in Systolic Blood Pressure after Exercise on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Objective: Although the clinical outcomes for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have improved significantly, some patients still experience poor clinical outcomes. The available risk classifications focus on the short-term outcomes, and it remains important to find high-risk features among patients with STEMI. In Japan, the 200 m walk electrocardiogram (ECG) test is widely performed before discharge. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the excessive increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) following a 200 m walk and the long-term clinical outcomes in patients with STEMI. Methods: We included 680 patients with STEMI and divided those into an excessive increase in SBP group (n = 144) and a non-excessive increase in SBP group (n = 536) according to the SBP increase after a 200 m walk ECG test. We defined an excessive increase in SBP as SBP ≥ 20 mmHg either just after or 3 min after a 200 m walk ECG test. The primary endpoint consisted of major cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as the composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, readmission for heart failure, and ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization. Results: The median follow-up duration was 831 days. MACE was more frequently observed in the excessive increase in SBP group (24.3%) than in the non-excessive increase in SBP group (15.1%). Multivariate Cox hazard analysis revealed that the excessive increase in SBP was significantly associated with MACE (HR 1.509, 95% CI: 1.005–2.267, p = 0.047) after controlling for multiple confounding factors. Conclusion: An excessive increase in SBP after the 200 m walk ECG test was significantly associated with MACE in patients with STEMI. The 200 m walk ECG test is simple and low-cost, but may help to identify high-risk patients with STEMI.
Eﬀicient reachability graph representation of Petri nets with unbounded counters

In this paper, we deﬁne a class of Petri nets, called Petri nets with counters , that can be seen as place/transition Petri nets enriched with a vector of integer variables on which linear operations may be applied. Their semantics usually leads to huge or inﬁnite reachability graphs. Then, a more compact representation for this semantics is deﬁned as a symbolic state graph whose nodes possibly encode inﬁnitely many values for the variables. Both representations are shown behaviourally equivalent.
Ethnic segregation and residential location choice of foreigners

Ethnic residential segregation is one of the key issues raising attention in today’s urbanistic policies across European cities. As in the US and other traditionally immigration countries, the racial description of the neighbourhood is gaining in importance also in European states, given the increasing immigration rate of the last decades. It is widely argued that among others, two important factors driving segregation phenomena have a significant effect on the residential location choice of households, immigrants as well as natives, the first being represented by the preferences towards the concentration of co-nationals in specific neighbourhoods and second accounting for the presence of ethnic minorities at the neighbourhood level. Through a stated preferences experiment this study aims to asses the importance of such preferences on the neighbourhood choice across ten major national groups living in the city of Lugano, Switzerland. A mixed logit model is employed in order to represent the heterogeneity in valuing the presence of co-ethnic neighbours and immigrants in general among households of different ethnic backgrounds, socio-economic status, integration and attitudinal indicators.
Education Planning Curriculum Based on Technology: Impact Evaluation

Curriculum planning is the initial stage of an element of management. The curriculum is an important part of the educational process. Education without a curriculum will look disorganized. In addition, the curriculum is a medium for achieving educational goals, and at the same time, also serves as a guide for the implementation of the teaching and learning process in various types and levels of educational units. Curriculum planning is a central function of learning management and must be future-oriented. In this regard, this article aims to examine how technology-based curriculum planning. Based on the author's analysis, educational curriculum planning in each educational system must be adapted to the needs of society and the times. Therefore, curriculum planning must change over time. all curriculum planning processes cannot be separated from the problem of change, such as a revolution in methods, a revolution in a more innovative curriculum, technology, and critical Human Resources (HR) to produce creativity and work results as a form of change for the better. Educational institutions must have a future orientation following the needs of the times so that students can have global competitiveness.
Community Participation Through The Wargaku Application Complaint Media in The City of Surabaya

The Wargaku application is one of the applications prepared by the Surabaya City Government to collect various assessments and complaints from the public directly to assess the services designed by the Surabaya City Government. Community participation in evaluating benefits and providing service complaints through the Wargaku Application will likely offer input to improve service weaknesses so that services improve quality. This research aims to analyze community participation in the implementation of the Wargaku application, which focuses on channeling community complaints. This research uses qualitative research with interactive analytical techniques. Data was collected from public complaints and Surabaya City Communication and Information Service documents. The analysis technique is carried out through condensation, data analysis and verification, and conclusions. The research shows that community participation in using the Wargaku Application still needs to be higher or as expected. Second, the government has yet to respond quickly even though the public has not used the Wargaku Application optimally. The purpose of this research is to encourage the Surabaya City Government to be more active in socializing the Wargaku Application to residents so they can make maximum use of the application.
The spatial and temporal patterns of erodibility of an intertidal flat in the East Frisian Wadden Sea, Germany

Erosion and physical and biological sediment parameters measurements were carried out at an intertidal flat in the East Frisian Wadden Sea, Germany to examine the small-scale (a meter) and large-scale (hundred of meters) spatial and temporal variation of sediment erodibility, and to identify the main processes that cause these variations. Six stations along a cross-shore transect of 1.5 km length from immediately below the salt marsh to the middle of the tidal flat were visited during several field campaigns in 2001 and 2002. These stations differ in their sediment types, tidal emersion periods and benthic macrofauna assemblages. The erodibility was determined by means of Lab and portable (in situ) EROMES erosion devices and quantified in terms of critical erosion shear stress and erosion rate. The study showed that the small and large-scale variations of sediment erodibility were mainly governed by biological factors, especially microphytobenthos (dominated by benthic diatoms). A strong spatial and temporal pattern of erodibility was observed. The sediments were more stable (i.e. higher critical erosion shear stresses and lower erosion rates) at station A (close to the salt marsh) and station F(middle tidal flat). The high stability at station A was attributed to be the results of physical process of drying and biostabilization by tube building worms. The high stability at station F was attributed mainly to be the results of biostabilization by benthic diatoms. By contrast, sediments were less stable at the site dominated by mud snail Hydrobia ulvae (station B) and this was probably due to surface tracking,pelletization of the bed material and grazing activities on benthic diatoms of the mud snails. The sediments were more stable in September 2002 compared to other sampling periods, and this attributed to be the results of biostabilization by benthic diatoms. By contrast, during June and October 2001 the sediments were easily eroded due to lower level of biostabilization. The measured critical erosion shear stresses fall above the abiotic non-cohesive sediment values, giving a biostabilization index of 4.2 to 11.6. Differences in critical erosion shear stress between natural and abiotic non-cohesive sediments are likely caused by the effect of biostabilization and by cohesive behaviour of natural sediments.
Biogeochemistry of Woody Plant Invasion: Phosphorus Cycling and Microbial Community Composition

Biogeochemistry of Woody Plant Invasion: Phosphorus Cycling and Microbial Community Composition. (May 2012) Ilsa Beth Kantola, BS, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Co-Chairs of Advisory Committee: Dr. Thomas W. Boutton Dr. Terry J. Gentry Woody plant encroachment is a globally-prevalent vegetation change phenomenon that has shifted grass-dominated ecosystems to mixed grass and woody plant matrices over the last century. In the Rio Grande Plains of Texas, the introduction of N-fixing woody legumes has increased aboveand belowground primary productivity and changed the litter chemistry of the system, accelerating rates of belowground biogeochemical processes. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of grassland to woodland transition on i) P concentrations in soil physical fractions that differ in their organic matter turnover rates, ii) P availability within the soil over the course of woody encroachment and across the landscape, and iii) microbial community composition and diversity. Soil samples were collected in remnant grasslands and four woody landscape elements (clusters, groves, drainage woodlands, and playas) along a 135-yr chronosequence of woody plant encroachment. P was fractionated by the Hedley method and P concentrations were determined by alkaline oxidation and lithium fusion coupled with ascorbic acid colorimetry. Bacterial and fungal communities were characterized by molecular methods. Whole soil P concentrations were 2-5X greater in woody landscape elements than in grasslands, and nutrient concentrations increased linearly with time following woody plant invasion in all but the slowest-cycling physical fractions. Plant-available P and organic P increased dramatically with time following encroachment. Changes in P availability were more pronounced in drainages and playas
Interference Avoidance through Periodic UAV Scheduling in RIS-Aided UAV Cluster Communications

This article investigates the transmission of downlink control signals for multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) clusters in collaborative search and rescue operations in mountainous environments. In this scenario, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) mounted on the UAV is utilized to overcome obstacles between the ground base station (BS) and UAVs. By leveraging the fixed channel of the RIS to the BS, the line-of-sight (LoS) path characteristics of the air-to-air channel, and the position information of the UAV, the RIS forms a directional beam by adjusting the RIS coefficient, which points towards UAVs in the cluster. To ensure low delay in control signaling and UAV state transmission, we adopt semi-persistent scheduling (SPS), which allocates pre-specified periodic intervals to each UAV for the formation of corresponding RIS coefficients. The allocation of time slots is constrained by the transmission intervals required by different UAVs and the number of RISs available. We propose a time slot scheduling scheme for UAVs to reduce inter-cluster interference caused by RIS beams. The time slot allocation problem is formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem. To solve this problem, we first propose an intuitive greedy scheme called local interference minimization (LIM). Building upon the LIM scheme, we propose a rollout-based algorithm called rollout interference minimization (RIM). Through simulation, we compare the LIM and RIM schemes with the benchmark scheduling scheme. The results demonstrate that our proposed scheme significantly reduces interference between UAV clusters while satisfying the conditions of periodic transmission and RIS quantity constraints.
The Interplay between Adipose Tissue Properties and Levels of NT-proBNP in People with HIV

Objective We aimed to assess the association between low N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and body mass index (BMI), adipose tissue distribution, adiponectin, and HIV-specific risk factors among people with HIV (PWH). Methods We included 811 PWH with measurement of height, weight and waist circumference, blood samples analyzed for NT-proBNP, and visceral-(VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue areas measured from CT-scans. Low concentrations of NT-proBNP were defined as concentrations below the limit of quantification (5.9 pmol/L). Associations were explored with multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for relevant confounders. Results We identified 471 (58%) individuals with low concentrations of NT-proBNP. Increasing BMI was associated with higher odds of low NT-proBNP (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01–1.11) per 1 kg/m2). Central obesity and large areas of VAT were associated with higher odds of low NT-proBNP (aOR 1.66 (1.16–2.36) and aOR 1.69 (1.09–2.62), respectively). Higher adiponectin was associated with lower odds of low NT-proBNP (aOR 0.86 (0.79–0.95) per 10% increase). No associations were found between low NT-proBNP and HIV-specific risk factors. Conclusions In PWH, low NT-proBNP is associated with an adverse adipose tissue profile with high BMI, central obesity, accumulation of VAT, and low adiponectin.
Estimating tree biomass, carbon, and nitrogen in two vegetation control treatments in an 11-year-old Douglas-fir plantation on a highly productive site

We sampled trees grown with and without competing vegetation control in an 11-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) plantation on a highly productive site in southwestern Washington to create diameter based allometric equations for estimating individual-tree bole, branch, foliar, and total aboveground biomass. We used these equations to estimate per-hectare aboveground biomass, nitrogen (N), and carbon (C) content, and compared these results to (1) estimates based on biomass equations published in other studies, and (2) estimates made using the mean-tree method rather than allometric equations. Component and total-tree biomass equations were not influenced by the presence of vegetation control, although per-hectare biomass, C, and N estimates were greater where vegetation control was applied. Our biomass estimates differed from estimates using previously published biomass equations by as much as 23 percent. When using the mean-tree biomass estimation approach, we found that incorporating a previously published biomass equation improved accuracy of the mean-tree diameter calculation.