Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Worldwide Tests of Parental Acceptance-Rejection Theory: An Overview

Parental acceptance-rejection theory (PART) is a theory of socialization which attempts to predict major psychological, environmental, and main tenance systems conditions under which parents the world over are likely to accept or reject their children. It attempts as well to predict significant consequences of parental acceptance-rejection, both for behavioral devel opment and for selected institutionalized expressive features of society. Drawing on the phylogenetic model within the theory we try to identify significant personal and situational factors associated with the ability of some rejected children to cope more effectively than others with parental hostility/aggression, indifference/neglect, or undifferentiated rejection. Holo cultural data and social psychological and developmental data within the U.S. and other nations provide support for the postulates of PART so far tested.
Criminal Investigation: Filling the Skills Gap in Leadership, Management, and Supervision

Criminal investigation is a key capacity of the police and so it could be supposed that a high value would be placed on the investigative competence of those in leadership, management, and supervisory roles. But such competence is not tested during the promotion process and the limited evidence that is available shows that failures in criminal investigation are often attributed to those performing such roles. There are two reasons why investigative competence is important for police managers. First, the police service is still a formally bureaucratic organization where senior ranks can directly influence operational outcomes. Second, unlike other occupations where technical competence is defined (and often regulated) independently of employers, police leaders define both the technical competence of investigators and service delivery standards. They are, therefore, in a uniquely powerful position to shape both investigative practice and the service's capacity to investigate crime. This article explores the relationship between police managers’ competence in criminal investigation and outcomes. It then reports on a National Policing Improvement Agency (NPIA) initiative aimed at improving the support that is available to them in this area.
She Fears You: Teaching College Men to End Rape

The authors share a pedagogical approach to engaging college men as allies for social change as a tool for sexual assault prevention. Once college men understand that they too are harmed by men’s violence against women, they can be motivated not only to examine their own socialization and behaviors but also to join with women to speak out against the rape culture that encourages, condones, and teaches men’s violence against women. The authors share prominent examples from popular culture and everyday campus life to illustrate how the rape culture can be identified, deconstructed, and confronted with college men and women in an effort to end rape.
Repeated implantation failure: a new potential treatment option

Previous studies have shown that the intrauterine administration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) may improve pregnancy outcome of women with repeated implantation failure (RIF). We have demonstrated that, during implantation, corticotropin‐releasing hormone (CRH) plays a key role in facilitating endometrial decidualization and maternal–foetal immunotolerance. In the present preliminary study, we investigated whether the intrauterine administration of autologous CRH‐treated PBMC can improve clinical pregnancy rates of women with RIF.
Teaching collaborative software development: A case study

Software development is today done in teams of software developers who may be distributed all over the world. Software development has also become to contain more social aspects and the need for collaboration has become more evident. The importance of teaching development methods used in collaborative development is of importance, as skills beyond traditional software development are needed in this modern setting. A novel, student centric approach was tried out at Tampere University of Technology where a new environment called KommGame was introduced. This environment includes a reputation system to support the social aspect of the environment and thus supporting the learners collaboration with each other. In this paper, we present the KommGame environment and how it was applied on a course for practical results.
Modélisation et résolution de problèmes de plus grands sous-graphes communs à l'aide de la programmation par contraintes

La distance entre deux graphes est generalement definie par rapport a la taille d'un plus grand sous-graphe commun. Ce sous-graphe commun peut etre un sous-graphe induit, obtenu en supprimant des sommets, ou un sous-graphe partiel, obtenu en supprimant des arcs et des sommets. Dans cet article, nous modelisons ces deux problemes dans un cadre unifie a l'aide de la contrainte souple allDiff. Nous introduisons egalement differents niveaux de propagation, et nous les comparons experimentalement sur differents types de graphes.
Deterministic identification of specific individuals from GWAS results

MOTIVATION Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) are commonly applied on human genomic data to understand the causal gene combinations statistically connected to certain diseases. Patients involved in these GWASs could be re-identified when the studies release statistical information on a large number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Subsequent work, however, found that such privacy attacks are theoretically possible but unsuccessful and unconvincing in real settings. RESULTS We derive the first practical privacy attack that can successfully identify specific individuals from limited published associations from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC) dataset. For GWAS results computed over 25 randomly selected loci, our algorithm always pinpoints at least one patient from the WTCCC dataset. Moreover, the number of re-identified patients grows rapidly with the number of published genotypes. Finally, we discuss prevention methods to disable the attack, thus providing a solution for enhancing patient privacy. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Proofs of the theorems and additional experimental results are available in the support online documents. The attack algorithm codes are publicly available at https://sites.google. com/site/zhangzhenjie/GWAS_attack. zip. The genomic dataset used in the experiments is available at http://www.wtccc. org.uk/ on request.
Using Causal Loop Diagramming to Explore the Drivers of the Sustained Functionality of Rural Water Services in Timor-Leste

It is recognized that international water sector development work has issues with a lack of sustained positive outcomes. A large driver of this outcome is how NGOs work with communities to implement and then manage water services. Many NGOs tend to focus their efforts on improving their reach and organisational growth by continually engaging in new projects. This behaviour is largely driven by short-term donor funding models that reward extended coverage, leaving little focus on sustained outcomes. Similarly, community-based management (CBM) schemes often impede sustained services as a result of the community’s limited capacity to operate and maintain the technology. To explore these complicated drivers on water service sustainability, we used causal loop diagramming to analyse the key aspect influencing the combined dynamics between NGOs, donors and CBM. We demonstrate this methodology through a study in Timor-Leste, where we gathered data necessary to develop and apply causal loop diagrams to analyse rural water supply program outcomes. The analysis of these diagrams allowed identification of leverage points used to suggest structural changes for sustained benefits of water services. These structural changes emphasize the importance of increased robustness and reliability of water technology and the associated impact this has on community satisfaction and, conjointly, on water service sustainability.
The Pdr12 ABC transporter is required for the development of weak organic acid resistance in yeast

Exposure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to sorbic acid strongly induces two plasma membrane proteins, one of which is identified in this study as the ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporter Pdr12. In the absence of weak acid stress, yeast cells grown at pH 7.0 express extremely low Pdr12 levels. However, sorbate treatment causes a dramatic induction of Pdr12 in the plasma membrane. Pdr12 is essential for the adaptation of yeast to growth under weak acid stress, since Δpdr12 mutants are hypersensitive at low pH to the food preservatives sorbic, benzoic and propionic acids, as well as high acetate levels. Moreover, active benzoate efflux is severely impaired in Δpdr12 cells. Hence, Pdr12 confers weak acid resistance by mediating energy‐dependent extrusion of water‐soluble carboxylate anions. The normal physiological function of Pdr12 is perhaps to protect against the potential toxicity of weak organic acids secreted by competitor organisms, acids that will accumulate to inhibitory levels in cells at low pH. This is the first demonstration that regulated expression of a eukaryotic ABC transporter mediates weak organic acid resistance development, the cause of widespread food spoilage by yeasts. The data also have important biotechnological implications, as they suggest that the inhibition of this transporter could be a strategy for preventing food spoilage.
Context Effects on Pitch Perception in Musicians and Nonmusicians: Evidence from Event-Related-Potential Recordings

Behavioral evidence indicates that musical context facilitates pitch discrimination. In the present study, we sought to determine whether pitch context and its familiarity might affect brain responses to pitch change even at the preattentive level. Ten musicians and 10 nonmusicians, while concentrating on reading a book, were presented with sound stimuli that had an infrequent (p = 15%) pitch shift of 144 Hz. In the familiar condition, the infrequent third-position deviant changed the mode (major vs. minor) of the five-tone pattern. In the unfamiliar condition, patterns were formed from five arithmetically determined tone frequencies, the deviant not causing any change of mode. The no-context condition included only third-position tones. All deviants elicited the change-specific mismatch negativity component of the event-related potentials in both groups of subjects. In both musicians and nonmusicians, pitch change in the familiar condition evoked larger mismatch negativity amplitude than the change in the unfamiliar condition and, correspondingly, larger mismatch negativity in the unfamiliar condition than in the no-context condition. This suggests that preattentive pitch-change processing is generally enhanced in a familiar context. Moreover, the latency of the mismatch negativity was shorter for musicians than for nonmusicians in both the familiar and unfamiliar conditions, whereas no difference between groups was observed in the no-context condition. This finding indicates that, in response to sequential structured sound events, the auditory system reacts faster in musicians than in nonmusicians.
Comparative Chloroplast Genomes of Camellia Species

Background Camellia , comprising more than 200 species, is a valuable economic commodity due to its enormously popular commercial products: tea leaves, flowers, and high-quality edible oils. It is the largest and most important genus in the family Theaceae. However, phylogenetic resolution of the species has proven to be difficult. Consequently, the interspecies relationships of the genus Camellia are still hotly debated. Phylogenomics is an attractive avenue that can be used to reconstruct the tree of life, especially at low taxonomic levels. Methodology/Principal Findings Seven complete chloroplast (cp) genomes were sequenced from six species representing different subdivisions of the genus Camellia using Illumina sequencing technology. Four junctions between the single-copy segments and the inverted repeats were confirmed and genome assemblies were validated by PCR-based product sequencing using 123 pairs of primers covering preliminary cp genome assemblies. The length of the Camellia cp genome was found to be about 157kb, which contained 123 unique genes and 23 were duplicated in the IR regions. We determined that the complete Camellia cp genome was relatively well conserved, but contained enough genetic differences to provide useful phylogenetic information. Phylogenetic relationships were analyzed using seven complete cp genomes of six Camellia species. We also identified rapidly evolving regions of the cp genome that have the potential to be used for further species identification and phylogenetic resolution. Conclusions/Significance In this study, we wanted to determine if analyzing completely sequenced cp genomes could help settle these controversies of interspecies relationships in Camellia . The results demonstrate that cp genome data are beneficial in resolving species definition because they indicate that organelle-based “barcodes”, can be established for a species and then used to unmask interspecies phylogenetic relationships. It reveals that phylogenomics based on cp genomes is an effective approach for achieving phylogenetic resolution between Camellia species.
Placental and foetal metabolism of acetaldehyde in rat. I. Contents of ethanol and acetaldehyde in placenta and foets of the pregnant rat during ethanol oxidation.

: Following the administration of ethanol to pregnant rats, the ethanol content of the maternal aortic blood was compared with that of the intact placenta and whole foetuses. The results support previous observations that ethanol is present in the placenta and foetus in about the same amount as in the maternal circulation. In contrast, only 25 % of the acetaldehyde content present in the maternal aortic blood could be found in the intact placenta and no acetaldehyde was found in the intact foetal tissue. These findings suggest that during maternal ethanol oxidation there is no accumulation of acetaldehyde in the foetal tissue.
Motion analysis of 3-D dual-tree discrete wavelet transform

3-D dual-tree discrete wavelet transform (DDWT) is attractive for video representation since it isolates motion along different directions in its directional subbands, and has been employed for video coding. In this paper, we analyze its efficiency in capturing motion activities. Similar analysis is then extended to 3-D anisotropic DDWT (ADDWT). Experiments verify the effectiveness of our analysis. Based on the motion analysis, we realize that 3-D DDWT/ADDWT can not adapt to intense motion activities, and propose a new transform structure for high motion sequences. It is shown that the new scheme brings about 1dB coding gain.
Neck Circumference Positively Related with Central Obesity and Overweight in Turkish University Students: A Preliminary Study.

AIM According to the World Health Organization, central obesity is increasing alarmingly worldwide. Neck circumference is a relatively new method of differentiating between normal and abnormal fat distribution. The aim of this study is to determine the association between neck circumference and central obesity in young Turkish male and female university students. METHODS A community of university students based cross-sectional study was conducted on 319 males and 838 females and investigated the association between neck circumference and other anthropometric variables by gender. RESULTS In male subjects, the neck circumference revealed a positive correlation with the body mass index (r=0.684, p<0.01), waist circumference (r=0.686, p<0.01) and waist/hip ratio (r=0.534, p<0.01). Similarly, in female subjects neck circumference revealed a positive correlation with the body mass index (r=0.482, p<0.01), waist circumference (r=0.479, p<0.01) and waist/hip ratio (r=0.246, p<0.01). CONCLUSION Our study has demonstrated that the positive correlation between neck circumference, which is a simple and fast anthropometric measurement, and visceral obesity, is also applicable to university students.
Families of Autistic Children: Psychological Functioning of Mothers

Compared mothers of 20 autistic, 20 Down syndrome, and 20 developmentally normal children matched on several pertinent demographic variables. Results revealed that mothers of autistic children reported less parenting competence, less marital satisfaction, more family cohesion, and less family adaptability than mothers in the other two groups. Mothers of both autistic and Down syndrome children reported more disrupted planning, caretaker burden, family burden, and frequent use of self-blame as a coping strategy than did mothers of developmentally normal children. The practical implications of these findings are discussed, particularly those pertaining to low parenting competence and the use of self-blame as a coping strategy.
Work Addiction: Costs and Solutions for Individuals, Relationships and Organizations

SUMMARY Our current 24/7 culture is a “doing” culture that accepts, and even admires, a strong work ethic, including those described as “workaholics. ” This article explores the extant literature describing this phenomenon and examines the costs of work addiction to the individual, to personal relationships and to employing organizations. Finally, the article recommends solutions for prevention and treatment.
Miltefosine: a novel treatment option for mast cell-mediated diseases

Abstract Mast cell-mediated diseases such as urticaria, mastocytosis and atopic dermatitis are common, disabling and hard to treat. Recently, the lipid raft modulator miltefosine has been shown to inhibit mast cell activation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, three randomized and placebo-controlled trials have assessed the effects of miltefosine in mast cell-driven conditions. Here, we review the experimental and clinical evidence in support of miltefosine as a novel treatment option for mast cell-mediated diseases and we discuss the most imminent questions and issues that need to be addressed by future research and clinical trials.
Five types of clefting in English discourse

Through corpus analysis (using data from A Survey of English Usage,), // is shown that there are five functionally different types of cleft construction in English conversational discourse, which differ in their distribution of salient and nonsalient information. Not only are there two types of IT cleft, which are functional mirror images; there are also three types of WH cleft, two of which are similar to the IT-clefl types. Prosody and, to a lesser extent, word order are shown to be important cues for marking information structure, even in special constructions such as clefts.
Noisy recurrent neural networks: the discrete-time case

The results of the companion paper on the behavior of continuous-time recurrent neural networks (RNN) are specialized to the discrete-time (so-called time-lagged recurrent) case. Uniform boundedness of the first and second moment sequences of the trajectory is established. For practical design purposes, estimates and bounds on the bias and variance sequences of the stochastic discrete-time RNN are derived. A script file for estimating the variance bounds for specified designs is provided in an Appendix.
A Transforming Response: Martin Luther King Jr.'s "Letter from Birmingham Jail"

This essay examines the rhetorical situation of Martin Luther King Jr.'s "Letter from Birmingham Jail. " It argues that King's "Letter" was an essential response for civil rights to continue as a mass movement in Birmingham and beyond. At a broader level, King's "Letter" demonstrated the enactment of rhetorical transformation. By creative use of kairos and pathos the letter rebutted the claims of the moderate white clergy in Birmingham and changed King's rhetorical persona and presence. The "Letter" transformed the idea of reasonableness from the province of moderation alone and united it with justifications for direct civil disobedience. Consequently, the "Letter" as rhetorical response opened a new public frame for pragmatic, value-based identification with civil rights for historical and contemporary audiences.
Making tracks: electronic excitation roles in forming swift heavy ion tracks

Swift heavy ions cause material modification along their tracks, changes primarily due to their very dense electronic excitation. The available data for threshold stopping powers indicate two main classes of materials. Group I, with threshold stopping powers above about 10 keV nm−1, includes some metals, crystalline semiconductors and a few insulators. Group II, with lower thresholds, comprises many insulators, amorphous materials and high Tc oxide superconductors. We show that the systematic differences in behaviour result from different coupling of the dense excited electrons, holes and excitons to atomic (ionic) motions, and the consequent lattice relaxation. The coupling strength of excitons and charge carriers with the lattice is crucial. For group II, the mechanism appears to be the self-trapped exciton model of Itoh and Stoneham (1998 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 146 362): the local structural changes occur roughly when the exciton concentration exceeds the number of lattice sites. In materials of group I, excitons are not self-trapped and structural change requires excitation of a substantial fraction of bonding electrons, which induces spontaneous lattice expansion within a few hundred femtoseconds, as recently observed by laser-induced time-resolved x-ray diffraction of semiconductors. Our analysis addresses a number of experimental results, such as track morphology, the efficiency of track registration and the ratios of the threshold stopping power of various materials.
An integrated approach to crowd psychology and public order policing

This paper uses recent developments in crowd psychology as the basis for developing new guidelines for public order policing. Argues that the classical view of all crowd members as being inherently irrational and suggestible, and therefore potentially violent, is both wrong and potentially dangerous. It can lead to policing strategies that respond to the violence of some in the crowd by clamping down on all members, and therefore lead all members to perceive the police as hostile and illegitimate. In such conditions, even those who were initially opposed to violence may come to side with more conflictual crowd members and hence contribute to an escalation in the level and scope of collective conflict. This paper argues that police officers need to concentrate on understanding the collective identities, priorities and intentions of different groups in the crowd and give the same priority to facilitating the lawful intentions of some groups as to controlling the unlawful intentions of others.
Malicious Insiders with Ties to the Internet Underground Community

In this paper, we investigate insider threat cases in which the insider had relationships with the Internet under-ground community. To this end, we begin by explaining our insider threat corpus and the current state of Internet underground forums. Next, we provide a discussion of each of the 17 cases that blend insider threat with the use of malicious Internet underground forums. Based on those cases, we provide an in-depth analysis to include:1) who the insiders are, 2) why they strike, 3) how they strike, 4) what sectors are most at risk, and 5) how the insiders were identified. Lastly, we describe our aggregated results and provide best practices to help mitigate the type of insider threat we describe.