Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel Wearable Optical Sensors for Vital Health Monitoring Systems—A Review

Wearable sensors are pioneering devices to monitor health issues that allow the constant monitoring of physical and biological parameters. The immunity towards electromagnetic interference, miniaturization, detection of nano-volumes, integration with fiber, high sensitivity, low cost, usable in harsh environments and corrosion-resistant have made optical wearable sensor an emerging sensing technology in the recent year. This review presents the progress made in the development of novel wearable optical sensors for vital health monitoring systems. The details of different substrates, sensing platforms, and biofluids used for the detection of target molecules are discussed in detail. Wearable technologies could increase the quality of health monitoring systems at a nominal cost and enable continuous and early disease diagnosis. Various optical sensing principles, including surface-enhanced Raman scattering, colorimetric, fluorescence, plasmonic, photoplethysmography, and interferometric-based sensors, are discussed in detail for health monitoring applications. The performance of optical wearable sensors utilizing two-dimensional materials is also discussed. Future challenges associated with the development of optical wearable sensors for point-of-care applications and clinical diagnosis have been thoroughly discussed.
Polydisperse particle size characterization by ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy for systems of diverse acoustic contrast in the large particle limit

Ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy offers advantages over other spectrometric methods for the determination of suspension and emulsion size distributions. One advantage is the possibility of conducting measurements in highly concentrated or optically opaque dispersions. Models useable for the inversion of measured attenuation spectra to calculate particle size distributions are available and widely used, but their applied forms only allow for the characterization of particles smaller than 10μm. In this paper, a methodology using the Faran model for elastic scatterers is examined in the region of micrometer-sized particles with respect to its suitability for the prediction of measured attenuation spectra and size distributions of various material combinations. All selected particle fractions and fluid materials were characterized independently from ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy with respect to their material properties, size distributions, and shape. A comparison of measured and calculated attenuation spectra shows an acceptable agreement. The chosen methodology for particle sizing applications is further confirmed if a fit of the model to the measurement data is performed. In this approach, the solids volume fraction is treated as the only fit parameter. The findings indicate that the methodology is suitable for polydisperse particle size characterization for a wide range of acoustic contrast.Ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy offers advantages over other spectrometric methods for the determination of suspension and emulsion size distributions. One advantage is the possibility of conducting measurements in highly concentrated or optically opaque dispersions. Models useable for the inversion of measured attenuation spectra to calculate particle size distributions are available and widely used, but their applied forms only allow for the characterization of particles smaller than 10μm. In this paper, a methodology using the Faran model for elastic scatterers is examined in the region of micrometer-sized particles with respect to its suitability for the prediction of measured attenuation spectra and size distributions of various material combinations. All selected particle fractions and fluid materials were characterized independently from ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy with respect to their material properties, size distributions, and shape. A comparison of measured and calculated attenuati.
A Correlation Study of Liver Biopsy Appearances, Serum HBV DNA and HBsAg Quantification Levels of Nigerian Patients with Chronic Liver Disease

Background: Infection with the hepatitis B virus is highly endemic in much of sub-Saharan Africa where it remains an important cause of chronic ill-health. Quantitative assay of HBV DNA and HBsAg are emerging as useful tools in the management of chronic HBV infection. However, it is not yet clear how well each of these might accurately correlate with the extent of liver damage during the course of the disease. Nevertheless, liver biopsy, albeit an invasive test, affords a superior direct assessment of all stages of the disease. Objective: Thus, we set out to determine how well-correlated serum levels of HBV-DNA and/or HBsAg might be with each other and with the liver biopsy appearances. Methodology: This study was prospective and we enrolled, 83 new treatment-naïve patients, who met the study criteria. Each patient had liver biopsy assessments of the grade of necroinflammation (A) and stage of fibrosis (F), according to the METAVIR Scoring System. In addition, quantitative HBsAg serum levels by immunoassay and HBV DNA by real-time quantitative PCR protocols were made. The Spearman’s and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests were employed to determine the correlations between these assays separately and with the respective histological grades and stages of liver biopsy. (p=0.05) Results: The greatest number of the patients were within the 21-40 year- age group. Using the Spearman rho’s statistical correlation test, we found a positive but weak correlation between the serum HBsAg and HBVDNA levels (p=0.075, r=0.198). The Kruskal-Wallis analysis revealed statistically significant correlation between HBV-DNA and the grade of necroinflammation but not with the stage of fibrosis. Conclusions: We found that the serum HBV DNA levels had the only statistically significant correlation with the liver histological disease. This relationship needs to be further examined in larger studies in the future.
AXISYMMETRIC VIBRATIONS IN MICROPOLAR THERMOELASTIC CUBIC CRYSTAL PLATE BORDERED WITH LAYERS OR HALF SPACES OF INVISCID LIQUID

The present study is concerned with the propagation of ax- isymmetric vibrations in a homogenous isotropic micropolar thermoelas- tic cubic crystal plate bordered with layers or half spaces of inviscid liq- uid subjected to stress free boundary conditions in context of Lord and Shulman (L-S) and Green and Lindsay (G-L) theories of thermoelastic- ity. The secular equations for symmetric and skew-symmetric leaky and nonleaky Lamb wave modes of propagation are derived. The amplitudes of displacement components, microrotation and temperature distribution are also computed numerically and presented graphically. Finally, in or- der to illustrate the analytical developments, numerical solution of secu- lar equations corresponding to stress free thermally insulated micropolar thermoelastic cubic crystal plate is carried out for magnesium crystal material bordered with water layers of finite and infinite thickness.
Phosphineoxide-Chelated Europium(III) Nanoparticles for Ceftriaxone Detection

The present work demonstrates the optimization of the ligand structure in the series of bis(phosphine oxide) and β-ketophosphine oxide representatives for efficient coordination of Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions with the formation of the complexes exhibiting high Tb3+- and Eu3+-centered luminescence. The analysis of the stoichiometry and structure of the lanthanide complexes obtained using the XRD method reveals the great impact of the bridging group nature between two phosphine oxide moieties on the coordination mode of the ligands with Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions. The bridging imido-group facilitates the deprotonation of the imido- bis(phosphine oxide) ligand followed by the formation of tris-complexes. The spectral and PXRD analysis of the separated colloids indicates that the high stability of the tris-complexes provides their safe conversion into polystyrenesulfonate-stabilized colloids using the solvent exchange method. The red Eu3+-centered luminescence of the tris-complex exhibits the same specificity in the solutions and the colloids. The pronounced luminescent response on the antibiotic ceftriaxone allows for sensing the latter in aqueous solutions with an LOD value equal to 0.974 μM.
Direction Finding of Multipath Signals

Multipath propagation is a common cause of anomalous azimuth estimates in direction finding of radio signals. Anomalous estimates often occur at the same level of multipath components coming from close directions, if the initial phase difference between them is near to 180°±20°. With strongly differing arrival directions of multipath components, the unreliable azimuth estimates are formed by single-signal direction finding algorithms. The paper considered the algorithms for direction finding of multipath signals at close and strongly divergent directions of arrival of multipath components and the algorithm for censoring the anomalous azimuth estimates formed by the traditional algorithm of phase direction finding. Estimation of close arrival directions of multipath components was based on evaluation of path delays using ESPRIT in the frequency domain. The conventional algorithms for direction finding of multiple signals are applicable for strongly different directions of arrival of multipath components. The processing of real signals records and databases by the proposed algorithms indicated the absence of anomalous azimuth estimates.
Enhancing capacity building initiatives at sub-national level for supporting climate change adaptation

ABSTRACT Emphasis on capacity building of relevant stakeholders for adaptation at national levels has significantly increased driven by the growing threats and impacts of climate change. The urgency and scale at which adaptation interventions are required, particularly in vulnerable countries, however, necessitates design and implementation of extensive capacity building programmes at sub-national level as well. Although, many initiatives have been taking place to develop capacities as part of national as well as sub-national level projects and programmes, it is time to reflect and revisit the ways these programmes are designed. Countries are now in the process of preparing and aligning their national programmes on climate action with the goals defined under their respective Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) submitted under the Paris Agreement. Building of capacities at sub-national levels will be crucial to enable innovation in policies and technologies essential to achieve these NDC goals. This viewpoint presents key recommendations emerging from a first-of-its-kind capacity building programme on adaptation implemented for the entire Indian Himalayan Region. It emphasizes on strategies and approaches including the Experiential Learning Cycle approach to augment the effectiveness and efficiency of such programmes at sub-national level for supporting development of climate resilient communities in the long term.
Modelling of damping force of dynamically loaded specimen of polyurethane foam in dependence on its density

Article deals with measurement and modelling of damping force of polyurethane foam specimen being compressed. The specimens were taken from car seats and differ by material density. For modelling of damping force during harmonical kinematical excitation the explicit formula is used. Its parameters are found by means of method based on evaluation of energy dissipated during one loading cycle and also on evaluation of position of damping force extreme.
RST Controller Design by Convex Optimization Using Frequency-Domain Data

A new robust fixed-order RST controller design approach by convex optimization is proposed in this paper. Only frequency-domain data are considered in the approach for linear time-invariant single-input single-output systems. It is shown that performance specifications given as the infinity norm of the weighted sensitivity functions can be represented as convex constraints in the Nyquist diagram. One of the advantage of the proposed method is that it can deal directly with multi-model uncertainty. Moreover, a solution to a real industrial problem is given showing the effectiveness of the method.
Development of system for assessing risks of gynecological disorders

According to the Concept of Demographic Policy of the Russian Federation 2025, increase in the birth rate is a task of high priority in the development of the State. However, we cannot see a downward trend in the infertility rates. A high prevalence of bad habits, early sexual debut, high prevalence of gynecological and reproductive health disorders, and chronic stress contribute to the increase in the number of fertility- challenged couples. That is why we decided to develop a system for assessing risks of gynecological disorders. The article presents comparative analysis results, results of surveys of women with and without gynecological disorders. Among the women with gynecological disorders, 61.7% had the QoL psychological component score >50%, there were statistically higher rate of smoking women and insufficient physical activity. As part of the research, we performed neural network training which resulted in 98.7% efficiency of general classification for assessing risks of gynecological disorders.
Accurate bone registration in knee MR images

Changes of the cartilage morphology over time can tell the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and show particular promise for evaluating the efficacy of disease-modifying OA drugs. Hence, cartilage matching is required prior to cartilage morphology comparison. An accurate cartilage matching allows one to ensure longitudinal focal and local changes of cartilage morphology due to OA. The method described in this article meets this need. The proposed method consists of three steps. First, the knee femur surfaces are aligned, using the principal axes transformation to correct for different knee joint positions and orientations in the magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. Second, we present a global registration algorithm based on Lipschitz optimization theory for accurately identifying the corresponding points of the knee femur surface. Third, the rigid transformation of the knee femur surface registration is applied to the cartilage surface. Our registration algorithm is efficient and robust, and its performance is evaluated on MR images of pig knees.
A Comprehensive Review of the Role of CO2 Foam EOR in the Reduction of Carbon Footprint in the Petroleum Industry

By trapping CO2 and storing it in matured and depleted geological formations, atmospheric CO2 release can be reduced. Carbon capture and storage on a large scale can help to stabilize atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions. This can be achieved by using anthropogenic CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), which encourages advances in secure CO2 storage while enhancing the oil production process. This interaction is expected to hasten the development of CO2 storage technology and lower emissions from oil producing operations. Reducing CO2 mobility in the reservoir is crucial to achieving this goal as effectively as possible, and in situ foam generation offers a viable solution. It has been shown that implementing a blend of CO2 and foaming solution considerably reduces CO2 mobility and front propagation. Although there have been a few reviews of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS), none of these have concentrated on the role of foam EOR in achieving carbon neutrality. Therefore, in this brief review, methods for achieving carbon neutrality with foam EOR are comprehensively reviewed. In order to store CO2, the utilisation of atmospheric CO2 to generate foam is the main topic of this review. This approach can boost financial incentives for the energy sector, help to lower carbon emissions, and make it possible to produce oil from depleted reservoirs in a more sustainable way. Thus, identifying and examining the governing mechanisms that affect CO22 storage during foam flooding as well as reviewing the various techniques for estimating CO2 storage under actual reservoir circumstances are among the goals of this work.
Global evaluation of focussed Bayesian fusion

Information fusion is essential for the retrieval of desired information in a sufficiently precise, complete, and robust manner. The Bayesian approach provides a powerful and mathematically funded framework for information fusion. By local Bayesian fusion approaches, the computational complexity of Bayesian fusion gets drastically reduced. This is done by a concentration of the actual fusion task on its probably most task relevant aspects. In this contribution, further research results on a special local Bayesian fusion technique called focussed Bayesian fusion are reported. At focussed Bayesian fusion, the actual Bayesian fusion task gets completely restricted to the probably most relevant parts of the range of values of the Properties of Interest. The practical usefulness of focussed Bayesian fusion is shown by the use of an example from the field of reconnaissance. Within this example, final decisions are based on local significance considerations and consistency arguments. As shown in previous publications, the absolute values of focussed probability statements represent upper bounds for their global values. Now, lower bounds which are obtained from the knowledge about the construction of the focussed Bayesian model are proven additionally. The usefulness of the resulting probability interval scheme is discussed.
Binding sites and diffusion barriers of a Ga adatom on the GaAs(001)-c(4×4) surface from first-principles computations

J. L. Roehl,1 A. Kolagatla,2 V. K. K. Ganguri,2 S. V. Khare,1,* and R. J. Phaneuf3 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA 3Department of Materials and Nuclear Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA Received 11 May 2010; published 29 October 2010
A Data-Driven Discrete Event Simulation Model to Improve Emergency Department Logistics

Demands for health care are becoming overwhelming for healthcare systems around the world regarding the availability of resources, particularly, in emergency departments (EDs) that are continuously open and must serve immediately any patient who comes in. Efficient management of EDs and their resources is required more than ever. This could be achieved either by optimizing resource utilization or by the improvement of hospital layout. This paper investigates, through data-driven simulation alternative designs of workflows and layouts to operate the ED of the Uppsala University Hospital in Sweden. Results are analyzed to understand the requirements across the hospital for reduced waiting times in the ED. The main observation revealed that introducing a new ward dedicated to patients having complex diagnoses with a capacity of less than 20 beds leads to lower waiting times. Furthermore, the use of data-mining was of great help in reducing the efforts of building the simulation model.
Patients’ Perspectives of Interprofessional Collaboration in Breast Cancer Unit

Interprofessional teamwork provides significant benefits for patients. However, qualitative research on interprofessional collaboration in the breast cancer unit is uncommon. Therefore, a qualitative study was conducted to assess the perceptions of outpatient breast cancer patients regarding interprofessional collaboration in the breast care unit of an Indonesian referral center hospital. The teamwork involved in the interprofessional collaboration included breast cancer specialists, pharmacists, and nurses. In this study, in-depth interviews were performed with nine breast cancer outpatients. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings were divided into two categories to gather breast cancer patients’ viewpoints on interprofessional collaboration: (1) obstacle components to interprofessional collaboration: incompleteness of health personnel, no justification from health personnel, no knowledge of patients about health professionals, no involvement of patients in the therapy decision making; (2) enabling elements: patient-oriented, patient expectations, collaboration among healthcare personnel, patient participation in interprofessional collaboration, health personnel responsibilities, comprehensive hospital services. Respondents assumed interprofessional collaboration positively. However, several obstacles must be overcome to implement interprofessional collaboration in a breast care setting effectively. The research findings can be utilized to establish interprofessional collaborations aimed at improving quality healthcare in breast cancer units.
Thin Film Flow of a Second Grade Fluid over a Stretching/Shrinking Sheet with Variable Temperature-Dependent Viscosity

Effects of variable viscosity on the flow and heat transfer in a thin film on a horizontal porous stretching sheet are analyzed. The steady boundary layer equations for momentum and thermal energy are simplified by using similarity transformations. The resulted and coupled nonlinear differential equations are solved by Homotopy analysis method. The results are presented graphically to interpret various physical parameters appearing in the problem.
Time-optimal impact angle control for vertical plane engagements

As a part of trajectory modulation to increase terminal effectiveness, impact angle control is required in the terminal phase of tactical missile systems. Moreover, the missile systems are allowed to have only low altitude and minimum flight time to reduce the probability of detection by sensors of missile defence systems and thus to increase survivability. In this paper, a simple numerical solution for a time-optimal control law is suggested in the case of constrained missile maneuverability and impact angle for a first-order-lag autopilot. The numerical solution utilizes an analytic solution of a simplified problem with a zero-lag autopilot assumption to determine optimal switching instants. Performance of the proposed control law is tested by a simulation study.
Method of moments for relaxation-based signal separation in magnetic resonance breast cancer detection

Relaxation measurement have long served as one of the critical methods magnetic resonance provided for the needs of biomedicine. A particular interest arises in breast cancer diagnostics, where a small malignant component is often overshadowed by the large healthy component. Separation of tree two becomes a critical problem. Here, we have formulated the method of separating multi-component magnetic resonance relaxation from single-component one as the moments problem. We have evaluated the conditions under which two relaxation components can be separate in different environments. The described method stands as a promising tool in relaxation-based breast cancer detection methods.