Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electrospinning carbon nanotube polymer composite nanofibers

The unique and exceptional physical properties of carbon nanotubes have inspired their use as a filler within a polymeric matrix to produce carbon nanotube polymer composites with enhanced mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. A powerful method of synthesising nanofibers comprising these polymer composites is electrospinning, which utilises an applied electric stress to draw out a thin nanometer-dimension fiber from the tip of a sharp conical meniscus. The focussing of the flow due to converging streamlines at the cone vertex then ensures alignment of the carbon nanotubes along the fiber axis, thus enabling the anisotropic properties of the nanotubes to be exploited. We consider the work that has been carried out to date on various aspects encompassing preprocessing, synthesis and characterisation of these electrospun polymer composite nanofibers as well as the governing mechanisms and associated properties of such fibers. Particular attention is also dedicated to the theoretical modelling of these fiber systems, in particular to the electrohydrodynamic modelling of electrospinning polymer jets.
The Developmental History of the Gadolinium Chelates as Intravenous Contrast Media for Magnetic Resonance

The developmental history of the gadolinium chelates, which spans 30 years, is described, focusing, in part, on the seminal work with each of the major agents in use today. By examining this history, insight is gained into important issues of efficacy and safety, with valuable lessons to be learned from the mistakes made during this period. An overview of physicochemical characteristics and chemical structures is also provided. The review concludes with a discussion of current research directions involving this field, which is that of the intravenous contrast media for magnetic resonance, in the past 5 years.
Favourable effects of grape seed extract on intestinal epithelial differentiation and barrier function in IL10-deficient mice

The impairment in the rate of cell proliferation and differentiation leads to a negative consequence on the renewal of the intestinal epithelium, which is the aetiological factor of a number of digestive diseases. Grape seed extract (GSE), a rich source of proanthocyanidins, is known for its beneficial health effects. The present study evaluated the beneficial effects of GSE on colonic cell differentiation and barrier function in IL10-deficient mice. Female mice aged 6 weeks were randomised into two groups and given drinking-water containing 0 or 0·1 % GSE (w/v) for 12 weeks. GSE supplementation decreased serum TNF-α level and intestinal permeability, and increased the colonic goblet cell density that was associated with increased mRNA expression of mucin (Muc)-2. Immunohistochemical analyses showed lower accumulation of β-catenin in the crypts of colon tissues of the GSE-supplemented mice, which was associated with a decreased mRNA expression of two downstream effectors of Wingless and Int (Wnt)/catenin signalling, myelocytomatosis oncogene protein (Myc) and cyclin D1 (Ccnd1). Consistently, GSE supplementation decreased the number of colonic proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells, a well-known cell proliferation marker, and a weakened extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) signalling. In summary, these data indicate that supplementation of 0·1 % GSE for 12 weeks improved gut barrier function and colonic cell differentiation in the IL10-deficient mice probably via inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
"It's in love with you": communicating status and preference with simple product movements

In some situations users perceive product movements as an indication of agency. This makes it relevant to gain an understanding of how and why movements communicate attributes related to agency and what impact it has on users. This paper describes an experiment in which users, alone or in pairs, interact with a TV designed to move in way that communicates the agency related attributes social status or likeability. Results show that the TV movements are perceived differently when one versus two users are present. While most single users evaluate the TV positively, most users in pairs find the differential treatment problematic.
The notion of a framework and a framework for LTC

A precise notion of a formal framework, meant to capture the intuition of an open-ended range of deductive interpreted languages, is proposed. A particular framework called the logical theory of constructions (LTC) is developed as an example. A series of languages in the LTC framework is defined, demonstrating how a language can be thought of as gradually evolving. <<ETX>>
Behaving badly: Aversive behaviors in interpersonal relationships.

Most of us spend our lives craving positive, healthy connections with others, but relationships are often the source of many of life's greatest frustrations. Behaving Badly takes a uniquely honest look at the dark side of relating with others. How can the loved one who raises your spirits one day be an insensitive jerk the next? Why is it that the closer people become, the greater the likelihood that they will offend, embarrass, annoy, and hurt one another? Some of the most commonly experienced aversive phenomenon are explored in this book, including teasing, swearing, gossiping, and betrayal. These aversive behaviors have profound implications for the process of social interaction, and this book fills a gap by gathering the most interesting research on this oft-overlooked area of study. Rich in research and vivid examples, the chapters of this volume explore these behaviors through the eyes of both victims and perpetrators, often revealing the hidden benefits of aversive behavior. Social psychologists, clinicians, therapists, and anyone interested in those aggravating elements of relationships should read this book.
EXPLANATIONIST REBUTTALS (COHERENTISM DEFENDED AGAIN)

An explanatory coherence theory of justification is sketched and then defended against a number of recent objections: conservatism and relativism; wild and crazy beliefs; reliability; warranted necessary falsehoods; basing; distant, unknown coherences; Sosa's “self- and present-abstracts”; and Bayesian impossibility results.
Patterns of outpatient ceftriaxone use in a Japanese general hospital: an increased need for development of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy programs

Patterns of outpatient ceftriaxone use in a Japanese general hospital: an increased need for development of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy programs Ryota Hase & Naoto Hosokawa To cite this article: Ryota Hase & Naoto Hosokawa (2015) Patterns of outpatient ceftriaxone use in a Japanese general hospital: an increased need for development of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy programs, Infectious Diseases, 47:9, 668-671 To link to this article: http://dx.doi. org/10.3109/23744235.2015. 1031174
Conceiving action, tracking practice, and locating expertise for health promotion research.

Health promotion is the process of enabling persons, families, neighbourhoods, communities, sectors, and societies to take action around the development and implementation of health determinants.The goal is to put health determinants in the control of individuals through programming that enhances health promotion action at many levels.The following actions are health promotional: building healthy public policy, reorienting health services, strengthening community action, creating supportive environments, and developing personal skills. A health promotion program that is based on the following principles has a good likelihood of succeeding: comprehensive cross-action programming that contextualizes efforts; participation by all stakeholders in all stages of development, implementation, and evaluation; and capacity building that includes advocacy, enabling, and mediating approaches (Stewart, 1999; Wass, 2000). In order to contribute to the health of Canadians, health promotion programming and research must take into account these actions and principles and the relationship among them. The evaluation of health promotion programming is based on several factors. First, the model selected must facilitate the conceptualization and implementation of both health promotion action, at all levels, and health promotion principles. Second, the practices associated with health promotion must be documented rigorously at all levels of action.Third, effective means of measuring the desired outcome — enhanced control over the determinants of health — must be developed and used.
To move or to evolve: contrasting patterns of intercontinental connectivity and climatic niche evolution in “Terebinthaceae” (Anacardiaceae and Burseraceae)

Many angiosperm families are distributed pantropically, yet for any given continent little is known about which lineages are ancient residents or recent arrivals. Here we use a comprehensive sampling of the pantropical sister pair Anacardiaceae and Burseraceae to assess the relative importance of continental vicariance, long-distance dispersal and niche-conservatism in generating its distinctive pattern of diversity over time. Each family has approximately the same number of species and identical stem age, yet Anacardiaceae display a broader range of fruit morphologies and dispersal strategies and include species that can withstand freezing temperatures, whereas Burseraceae do not. We found that nuclear and chloroplast data yielded a highly supported phylogenetic reconstruction that supports current taxonomic concepts and time-calibrated biogeographic reconstructions that are broadly congruent with the fossil record. We conclude that the most recent common ancestor of these families was widespread and likely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere during the Cretaceous and that vicariance between Eastern and Western Hemispheres coincided with the initial divergence of the families. The tempo of diversification of the families is strikingly different. Anacardiaceae steadily accumulated lineages starting in the Late Cretaceous–Paleocene while the majority of Burseraceae diversification occurred in the Miocene. Multiple dispersal- and vicariance-based intercontinental colonization events are inferred for both families throughout the past 100 million years. However, Anacardiaceae have shifted climatic niches frequently during this time, while Burseraceae have experienced very few shifts between dry and wet climates and only in the tropics. Thus, we conclude that both Anacardiaceae and Burseraceae move easily but that Anacardiaceae have adapted more often, either due to more varied selective pressures or greater intrinsic lability.
Fibrate-induced increase in blood urea and creatinine: is gemfibrozil the only innocuous agent?

BACKGROUND Some reports indicate that fibrates can induce renal dysfunction. However, the clinical characteristics of these episodes, and the respective nephrotoxicity of the four main fibrates used-namely, fenofibrate, bezafibrate, ciprofibrate, and gemfibrozil-remain ill defined. METHODS To better characterize this side-effect, we first reviewed the charts of 27 patients from our institution who developed an impairment of renal function during fibrate therapy. We next analysed the articles (n=24) that contained data on renal function in patients taking fibrates (n=2676). RESULTS Among our 27 patients, 25 were on fenofibrate therapy, one was taking bezafibrate, and one ciprofibrate. Nineteen were recipients of solid-organ transplants (kidney recipients, n=15; heart or heart-lung recipients, n=4), and eight were non-transplanted patients with some impairment of renal function. Baseline plasma creatinine ranged from 0.9 to 2.9 mg/dl. It increased by a mean of 40% after the start of fibrate therapy. There was a concomitant increase of blood urea values (mean 36%) in most of the patients. Renal function returned to baseline in 18/24 patients after fibrate discontinuation. However, six patients, all transplant recipients, experienced a permanent increase in plasma creatinine. The incidence of fibrate-induced renal dysfunction among our series of kidney transplant recipients was 60%, as it occurred in 15 of the 25 patients who had ever taken fibrates. An increase of mean creatinine values during therapy was described in all papers on fenofibrate (n=7) and bezafibrate (n=8) (range 8-18% and 8-40% respectively), and in three of four papers dealing with ciprofibrate (range 6-16%). No significant renal impairment was described in any of the eight articles reporting data on gemfibrozil therapy. CONCLUSION Therapy with fenofibrate, bezafibrate, and ciprofibrate may induce renal dysfunction. Gemfibrozil appears to be devoid of this side-effect.
The earnings of male immigrants in England: evidence from the quarterly LFS.

"In this paper we estimate earnings functions for native born and foreign born white and non-white males in the English labour market, using data from the Quarterly Labour Force Survey. Our results highlight the importance of distinguishing between native born and foreign born males when investigating the labour market experience of ethnic minorities. Furthermore, the earnings performance amongst white immigrants varies considerably. "
Incidence and Prognosis of Resistant Hypertension in Hypertensive Patients

Background— Despite a recent American Heart Association (AHA) consensus statement emphasizing the importance of resistant hypertension, the incidence and prognosis of this condition are largely unknown. Methods and Results— This retrospective cohort study in 2 integrated health plans included patients with incident hypertension in whom treatment was begun between 2002 and 2006. Patients were followed up for the development of resistant hypertension based on AHA criteria of uncontrolled blood pressure despite use of ≥3 antihypertensive medications, with data collected on prescription filling information and blood pressure measurement. We determined incident cardiovascular events (death or incident myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, or chronic kidney disease) in patients with and without resistant hypertension with adjustment for patient and clinical characteristics. Among 205 750 patients with incident hypertension, 1.9% developed resistant hypertension within a median of 1.5 years from initial treatment (0.7 cases per 100 person-years of follow-up). These patients were more often men, were older, and had higher rates of diabetes mellitus than nonresistant patients. Over 3.8 years of median follow-up, cardiovascular event rates were significantly higher in those with resistant hypertension (unadjusted 18.0% versus 13.5%, P<0.001). After adjustment for patient and clinical characteristics, resistant hypertension was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio, 1.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.33–1.62). Conclusions— Among patients with incident hypertension in whom treatment was begun, 1 in 50 patients developed resistant hypertension. Patients with resistant hypertension had an increased risk of cardiovascular events, which supports the need for greater efforts toward improving hypertension outcomes in this population.
Meiotic recombination modulates the structure and dynamics of the synaptonemal complex during C. elegans meiosis

During meiotic prophase, a structure called the synaptonemal complex (SC) assembles at the interface between aligned pairs of homologous chromosomes, and crossover recombination events occur between their DNA molecules. Here we investigate the inter-relationships between these two hallmark features of the meiotic program in the nematode C. elegans, revealing dynamic properties of the SC that are modulated by recombination. We demonstrate that the SC incorporates new subunits and switches from a more highly dynamic/labile state to a more stable state as germ cells progress through the pachytene stage of meiotic prophase. We further show that the more dynamic state of the SC is prolonged in mutants where meiotic recombination is impaired. Moreover, in meiotic mutants where recombination intermediates are present in limiting numbers, SC central region subunits become preferentially stabilized on the subset of chromosome pairs that harbor a site where pro-crossover factors COSA-1 and MutSγ are concentrated. Polo-like kinase PLK-2 becomes preferentially localized to the SCs of chromosome pairs harboring recombination sites prior to the enrichment of SC central region proteins on such chromosomes, and PLK-2 is required for this enrichment to occur. Further, late pachytene nuclei in a plk-2 mutant exhibit the more highly dynamic SC state. Together our data demonstrate that crossover recombination events elicit chromosome-autonomous stabilizing effects on the SC and implicate PLK-2 in this process. We discuss how this recombination-triggered modulation of SC state might contribute to regulatory mechanisms that operate during meiosis to ensure the formation of crossovers while at the same time limiting their numbers.
Freehand 3D ultrasound imaging system using electromagnetic tracking

Ultrasound imaging is a non-invasive, real-time, low-cost, effective imaging modality for diagnosing and managing a variety of diseases. Most ultrasound-based clinical procedures are performed using conventional two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound images. However, accurate visualization and analysis of the three-dimensional (3D) anatomy using a sequence of 2D ultrasound images is often challenging. To overcome this challenge, several approaches have been proposed for 3D ultrasound imaging. This study contributes to these ongoing efforts by describing a freehand 3D ultrasound imaging system based on a conventional 2D ultrasound machine and a 3D electromagnetic tracking system. The synthesized 3D ultrasound volumes are visualized using the Visualization Toolkit (VTK) open-source library and the ParaView open-source application. The feasibility of our freehand 3D ultrasound imaging system is demonstrated by imaging a double cross-wire phantom.
The ipclib PEPA Library

PEPA[6] is a popular stochastic process algebra which allows a compositional approach to stochastic model description. The ipc compiler translates a given PEPA model into a format suitable for processing by the Hydra[5] Markovian response-time analyser. The ipc software has undergone some improvements which have led to its refactoring as a library for handling PEPA models.
Social-aware forwarding in opportunistic wireless networks: Content awareness or obliviousness?

Information-Centric Networking (ICN) has gained increasing attention from the research community as it is able to improve content dissemination by releasing the dependency on content location. With the current host-based Internet architecture, networking faces limitations in dynamic scenarios, due mostly to host mobility. The ICN paradigm mitigates such problems by releasing the need to have an end-to-end transport session established during the life time of the data transfer. Moreover, the ICN concept solves the mismatch between the Internet architecture and the way users would like to use it: currently a user needs to know the topological location of the hosts involved in the communication when he/she just wants to get the data, independently of its location. Most of the research efforts aim to come up with a stable ICN architecture in fixed networks, with few examples in ad-hoc and vehicular networks. However, the Internet is becoming more pervasive with powerful personal mobile devices that allow users to form dynamic networks in which content may be exchanged at all times and with low cost. Such pervasive wireless networks suffer with different levels of disruption given user mobility, physical obstacles, lack of cooperation, intermittent connectivity, among others. This paper discusses the combination of content knowledge (e.g., type and interested parties) and social awareness within opportunistic networking as to drive the deployment of ICN solutions in disruptive networking scenarios. With this goal in mind, we go over few examples of social-aware content-based opportunistic networking proposals that consider social awareness to allow content dissemination independently of the level of network disruption. To show how much content knowledge can improve social-based solutions, we illustrate by means of simulation some content-oblivious/oriented proposals in scenarios based on synthetic mobility patterns and real human traces.
Spectral dependence of terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes on source distance

We use lightning sferics from the World Wide Lightning Location Network to identify storms near 362 Terrestrial Gamma‐ray Flashes (TGFs). The combined spectrum of TGFs with storms within 300 km of the sub‐satellite point is much harder than the spectrum of TGFs with more distant storms. When these data are compared with simulations of vertically oriented relativistic runaway breakdown, it is found that the most likely model has a source altitude of 15 km and a wide‐beam geometry. We find four associations of TGFs with individual sferics geolocated to positions more than 300 km from the sub‐satellite point and show that a narrow‐beam source at ≥21 km altitude is unlikely to produce the number of high energy photons in these TGFs.
The Influence of Employers' Use of Social Networking Websites in Selection, Online Self‐Promotion, and Personality on the Likelihood of Faux Pas Postings

Employers' selection practices sometimes involve reviewing applicants' profile on social networking websites (SNWs) and invading applicants' privacy (e.g., asking for their passwords). Applicants can be eliminated because of faux pas (i.e., inappropriate content) they post online. Yet, little research has examined factors related to faux pas postings. The present study examines employers' use of SNWs in selection, participants' internet and SNWs use, personality, and SNWs self‐promotion as predictors of the likelihood of faux pas postings. Results show lower likelihood of faux pas postings when participants are informed that a high proportion of employers use SNWs in selection, but mainly when it includes invasion of applicants' privacy. Moreover, participants' age, privacy settings, extraversion, and SNWs self‐promotion are related to faux pas.
Multiple wavelet analysis of amplitude/frequency modulated images

We consider characterisation and analysis of images with dominant local frequencies: this class contains two-dimensional signals written as sums of amplitude and frequency modulated components. We introduce the usage of the multiple vector-valued continuous Morse wavelets for analysis of such signals. We calculate the continuous wavelet transform and the associated scalogram of an image to extract its local amplitude, frequency and dominant orientation. For images contaminated by additive noise, we estimate the local features of the image using several orthogonal mother wavelet functions with optimal localisation: this allows for the construction of estimators of local image features with reduced variability and bias