Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wide Range Magnetoresistance in Rare Earth Manganite Through Substitution of Magnetic Impurity

We report synthesis of rare earth manganite samples with co-substitution of divalent Ca at La site and magnetic Fe at Mn site. The lattice structure remained unaffected with 5% and 10% substitution of Fe. However, the charge transport had profound effect of this substitution. The metal-insulator transition temperature lowered from 270 K to 200 K for 5% substitution. It also resulted in widening of transition width and the magnetoresistance value over 50% was sustained over a temperature range more than 225 K. The broad transition was also confirmed through magnetic measurement.
Association of Fyn and Lyn with the Proline-rich Domain of Glycoprotein VI Regulates Intracellular Signaling*

The glycoprotein VI (GPVI)–Fc receptor (FcR) γ-chain complex, a key activatory receptor for collagen on platelet surface membranes, is constitutively associated with the Src family kinases Fyn and Lyn. Molecular cloning of GPVI has revealed the presence of a proline-rich domain in the sequence of GPVI cytoplasmic tail which has the consensus for interaction with the Src homology 3 (SH3) domains of Fyn and Lyn. A series of in vitroexperiments demonstrated the ability of the SH3 domains of both Src kinases to bind the proline-rich domain of GPVI. Furthermore, depletion of the proline-rich domain in GPVI (Pro(−)-GPVI) prevented binding of Fyn and Lyn and markedly reduced phosphorylation of FcR γ-chain in transiently transfected COS-7 cells, but did not affect the association of the γ-chain with GPVI. Jurkat cells stably transfected with wild type GPVI show robust increases in tyrosine phosphorylation and intracellular Ca2+ in response to the snake venom convulxin that targets GPVI. Importantly, convulxin is not able to activate cells transfected with Pro(−)-GPVI, even though the association with the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-containing chains is maintained. These findings demonstrate that the proline-rich domain of GPVI mediates the association with Fyn/Lyn via their SH3 domain and that this interaction initiates activation signals through GPVI.
Dissociating the Detection of Intentionality from Animacy in the Right Posterior Superior Temporal Sulcus

Certain motion patterns can cause even simple geometric shapes to be perceived as animate. Viewing such displays evokes strong activation in temporoparietal cortex, including areas in and near the (predominantly right) posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS). These brain regions are sensitive to socially relevant information, but the nature of the social information represented in pSTS is unclear. For example, previous studies have been unable to explore the perception of shifting intentions beyond animacy. This is due in part to the ubiquitous use of complex displays that combine several types of social information, with little ability to control lower-level visual cues. Here we address this challenge by manipulating intentionality with parametric precision while holding cues to animacy constant. Human subjects were exposed to a “wavering wolf” display, in which one item (the wolf) chased continuously, but its goal (i.e., the sheep) frequently switched among other shapes. By contrasting this with three other control displays, we find that the wolf's changing intentions gave rise to strong selective activation in the right pSTS, compared with (1) a wolf that chases with a single unchanging intention, (2) very similar patterns of motion (and motion change) that are not perceived as goal-directed, and (3) abrupt onsets and offsets of moving objects. These results demonstrate in an especially well controlled manner that right pSTS is involved in social perception beyond physical properties such as motion energy and salience. More importantly, these results demonstrate for the first time that this region represents perceived intentions beyond animacy.
Pathogenic bacteria and timing of laying

Pathogenic bacteria constitute a serious threat to viability of many organisms. Because growth of most bacteria is favored by humid and warm environmental conditions, earlier reproducers in seasonal environments should suffer less from the negative consequences of pathogenic bacteria. These relationships, and the effects on reproductive success, should be particularly prominent in predators because they are frequently exposed to pathogenic microorganisms from sick prey. Here, we presented and tested this hypothesis by sampling bacteria on adult and nestling goshawks Accipiter gentilis. We predicted that early breeders and their offspring should have fewer bacteria than those reproducing later during the breeding season. Adult goshawks with a high abundance of Staphylococcus on their beak and claws were easier to capture and their laying date was delayed. Moreover, goshawks that laid their eggs later had offspring with more Staphylococcus on their beaks and claws. The strength of the association between laying date and bacterial density of nestlings was stronger during the warm spring of 2013, when nestlings suffered from a higher abundance of pathogenic bacteria. Hatching failure and fledging failure were more common in nests with a higher abundance of Staphylococcus independently of the number of years occupied, laying date, and age of the female nest owner. These findings imply that timing of reproduction may be under the influence of pathogenic bacteria. Because early breeding goshawks produce more recruits than later breeders, our results suggest a role for pathogenic bacteria in the optimal timing of reproduction.
Measuring Educationally Handicapped Children's Organizational Strategies by Sampling Overt Groupings. Research Report No. 37.

Two studies were conducted to determine the usefulness of the Sampling Organization and Recall through Strategies (SORTS) test and the effectiveness of teaching grouping strategies to young handicapped children (mean ages 9 and 6 years). In both studies, SORTS was used to develop zed implement instruction in orgarizational strategy. In the first study, analysis of preand posttest scores indicated that the Ss (29 educable retarded students) increased their use of associative functional grouping and improved their recall ability after the training. The 28 children enrolled in transition classes in the second study received either associative grouping instruction (experimental group) or training in art techniques (control group) . Results of preand posttest SORTS scores indicated that only the experimental group increased their use of associative groupings. Results of the two studies suggested that the test was a useful tool to assess and plan instruction in functional grouping strategy for young normal and handicapped children. (Three appendixes provide information on administration, directions, scoring and coding the SORTS.) (CL)
An Appraisal of "Supernormal" A‐V Conduction

Certain temporal patterns of A-V and V-A transmission in experimental preparations resemble phenomena attributed to "supernormal" conduction in the clinic. Detailed study of the properties of the A-V transmission system in such experiments reveals alternative explanations in which supernormality is clearly eliminated. By application of similar principles, supernormality can be eliminated as a factor in most if not all of the published examples. Three major categories can be discerned: (1) occult 2:1 A-V block, in which an idioventricular beat "retracts" an otherwise refractory barrier within the A-V node; (2) alternation between dissociated intranodal transmission pathways; and (3) "ventriculophasic" (vagal) depression of nodal conductivity.
Lipoic Acid Metabolism in Escherichia coli : Isolation of Null Mutants Defective in Lipoic Acid Biosynthesis , Molecular Cloning and Characterization of the E . coli lip Locus , and Identification of the Lipoylated Protein of the Glycine Cleavage System

We report the isolation and genetic characterization of novel TnlOdTc and TnlOOOdKn insertion mutations in and near the lip locus of the Escherichia coli chromosome. The TnlOdTc and TnlOOOdKn mutations define two genes, lpA and lipB, involved in lipoic acid biosynthesis. Two representative alleles (lip-2 and lip-9) from the previously reported genetic class of lipoic acid auxotrophic mutants (A. A. Herbert and J. R. Guest, J. Gen. Microbiol. 53:363-381, 1968) were assigned to the lipA complementation group. We have cloned the E. coli lip locus and developed a recombinant plasmid-based genetic system for fine-structure physical-genetic mapping of mutations in this region of the E. coli chromosome. We also report that a recombinant plasmid containing a 5.2-kbp PvuH restriction fragment from the E. coli lip locus produced three proteins of approximately 8, 12, and 36 kDa by using either a maxiceli or in vitro transcription translation expression system. The 36-kDa protein was identified as the gene product encoded by the lipA locus. Finally, we have identified a previously unreported lipoylated protein that functions in the glycine cleavage system of E. coli.
Transcription factor Sp1 regulates expression of cancer‐associated molecule CD147 in human lung cancer

CD147 is a novel cancer‐associated biomarker that plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of human lung cancer. In spite of its many known functions, little is known about CD147 transcriptional regulation. In this study, we explored the regulation of CD147 in human lung cancer tissues. Over 60% of the human lung cancer tissues expressed differential high levels of CD147. We then cloned the 5′‐flanking region of the human CD147 gene and identified a critical promoter region at −108 to –42 which contained one binding site for Sp1, which was essential in up‐regulating CD147 promoter activity. These results were proven by blocking Sp1 using RNAi or mithramycin A treatment and up‐regulating Sp1 using transfection with eukaryotic expression vector. Consistent with the CD147 transcription activation, a high level of Sp1 expression was detected in lung cancer cell lines overexpressing CD147. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that much more Sp1 could bind to the CD147 promoter in 95‐D with CD147 high expression than in SK‐MES‐1 with CD147 low expression. There was a significant positive correlation between CD147 expression and Sp1 expression level detected by immunohistochemistry (r = 0.831). Collectively, our results suggest that Sp1 is essential for regulating the CD147 gene expression in human lung cancer. (Cancer Sci 2010)
Dimension reduction near periodic orbits of hybrid systems

When the Poincaré map associated with a periodic orbit of a hybrid dynamical system has constant-rank iterates, we demonstrate the existence of a constant-dimensional invariant subsystem near the orbit which attracts all nearby trajectories in finite time. This result shows that the long-term behavior of a hybrid model with a large number of degrees-of-freedom may be governed by a low-dimensional smooth dynamical system. The appearance of such simplified models enables the translation of analytical tools from smooth systems—such as Floquet theory—to the hybrid setting and provides a bridge between the efforts of biologists and engineers studying legged locomotion.
Switching from a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor to a dolutegravir-based regimen for maintenance of HIV viral suppression in patients with high cardiovascular risk

Objective: To compare the efficacy, safety, and impact on lipid fractions of switching from a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) to a dolutegravir (DTG) regimen. Methods: HIV type 1-infected adults more than 50 years or with a Framingham score more than 10% were eligible if plasma HIV RNA less than 50 copies per ml for at least 24 weeks while on a PI/r regimen. Patients were randomized to switch to DTG or to remain on PI/r. Primary endpoints were: proportion maintaining HIV RNA less than 50 copies per ml and percentage change from baseline of total cholesterol at week 48. Results: In total, 415 patients (32 sites in six European countries) were randomized: 205 to DTG and 210 to continue PI/r. About 89% were men, 87% more than 50 years, 74% had a Framingham score more than 10%, with a median CD4+ cell count of 617 cells per &mgr;l and suppressed viremia for a median of 5 years. At week 48, in the intent-to-treat analysis, treatment success rate was 93.1% in DTG group and 95.2% in PI/r group (difference −2.1%, 95% confidence interval −6.6 to 2.4, noninferiority demonstrated). There were four virological failures with DTG and one with PI/r with no emergent resistance mutations. There was no significant difference in severe adverse events or grade 3 or 4 adverse events or treatment modifying adverse events. Total cholesterol and other lipid fractions (except high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) improved significantly (P < 0.001) in the DTG group regardless of PI/r at baseline. Conclusion: Switching to a DTG regimen in virologically suppressed HIV type 1 patients with high cardiovascular disease risk was noninferior, and significantly improved lipid profiles.
Clinical pharmacology of celecoxib, a COX-2 selective inhibitor

NSAIDs are extensively used worldwide; nonetheless, they are associated with adverse gastrointestinal (GI) effects. COX-2 inhibitors (coxibs) have been developed to reduce pain and inflammation without associated GI and bleeding risks. Celecoxib was the first COX-2 inhibitor introduced on the market, and it still remains so, whereas rofecoxib and valdecoxib were withdrawn due to excess cardiovascular (CV) risk. There is consequently a concern that CV toxicity reflects a class effect of all COX-2 inhibitors. Celecoxib possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, and the evidence for CV risk is rather small and comparable to that of other traditional NSAIDs in short-term treatments (of < 4 weeks). It could be suggested that the use of low doses of celecoxib (100 mg b.i.d.) in short-treatment, especially in patients with previous experience of GI events and the recommendation of avoiding use of celecoxib in patients with CV history or risk, contribute in the decision-making process of prescribing COX-2 or NSAIDs.
Dynamic DNA Assemblies Mediated by Binding-Induced DNA Strand Displacement

Dynamic DNA assemblies, including catalytic DNA circuits, DNA nanomachines, molecular translators, and reconfigurable nanostructures, have shown promising potential to regulate cell functions, deliver therapeutic reagents, and amplify detection signals for molecular diagnostics and imaging. However, such applications of dynamic DNA assembly systems have been limited to nucleic acids and a few small molecules, due to the limited approaches to trigger the DNA assemblies. Herein, we describe a binding-induced DNA strand displacement strategy that can convert protein binding to the release of a predesigned output DNA at room temperature with high conversion efficiency and low background. This strategy allows us to construct dynamic DNA assembly systems that are able to respond to specific protein binding, opening an opportunity to initiate dynamic DNA assembly by proteins.
A low-jitter supply-regulated charge pump phase-locked loop with built-in test and calibration

This paper presents a charge pump phase-locked loop with an integrated power supply regulation. Two independent regulators are employed in order to provide low-sensitivity supply voltages with inherent noise suppression for analog blocks, and to afford multiple reference voltages for test and calibration process. The built-in pre-screening test and calibration system based on the deviation of a control voltage during locking state facilitates on-chip accessibility and observability. Demonstrations of a 200-MHz charge pump phase-locked loop in 0.18-um CMOS standard technology demonstrate low-jitter and low supply sensitivity performances with test and calibration functionality.
Normal and rebound impulse firing in retinal ganglion cells

Given that the action potential output of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) determines the nature of the visual information that is transmitted from the retina, an understanding of their intrinsic impulse firing characteristics is critical for an appreciation of the overall processing of visual information. Recordings from RGCs within an isolated whole-mount retina preparation showed that their normal impulse firing from the resting membrane potential (RMP) was linearly correlated in its frequency with the stimulus intensity. In addition to describing the relationship between the magnitude of the current injection and the resulting impulse frequency (F/I relationship), we have characterized the properties of individual action potentials when they are elicited from the RMP. In contrast, hyperpolarizing below the RMP revealed that RGCs displayed a time dependent anomalous rectification, manifested by the appearance of a depolarizing sag in their voltage response. When an adequate period of hyperpolarization was terminated, a fast phasic period of “rebound excitation” was observed, characterized by a brief phasic burst of impulse activity. When compared to equivalent action potential firing evoked by depolarizing from the RMP, rebound spiking was associated with a lower threshold and shorter latency for impulse activation as well as a prominent, phasic, burst-like doublet, or triplet of impulses. The rebound action potential had a more positive voltage overshoot and displayed a higher peak rate of rise in its upstroke than those correspondingly generated by depolarizing current pulses from the RMP. Blocking sodium spikes with TTX confirmed that the preceding hyperpolarization led to the recruitment and subsequent generation of a transient depolarizing voltage overshoot, which we have termed the net depolarizing overshoot (NDO). We propose that the NDO boosts the generation of sodium spikes by triggering rebound spikes on its upstroke and crest, thus accounting for the observed voltage dependent change in the firing pattern of RGCs.
Two-Stage Degradation of p-Channel Poly-Si Thin-Film Transistors Under Dynamic Negative Bias Temperature Stress

Degradation of p-channel poly-Si thin-film transistors under dynamic negative bias temperature (NBT) stress has been studied. A two-stage degradation behavior is observed under the dynamic NBT stress. Device threshold voltage (Vth) shifts toward positive values in the first stage to more negative values in the second stage. The capacitance-voltage characteristic indicates a negative-charge generation in the gate oxide during the dynamic NBT stress, which is responsible for the positive Vth shift, while the well-known dc NBT instability effect causes the negative Vth shift. The dynamic effect is more significant under dynamic NBT stress with shorter pulse falling time and/or higher pulse amplitude. A degradation mechanism is proposed to explain the negative-charge generation under the dynamic NBT stress.
In-Service Training for Teaching Assistants and others who Work with Students with Visual Impairments

In-Service Training for Teaching Assistants and Others Who Work with Students with Visual Impairments Joanne Russotti and Rona Shaw The role of teaching assistants working with students who have visual and possibly multiple disabilities is broad in scope. Among the job duties are such tasks as preparing materials (braille, large print, and tactile graphics); instructing students with supervision from certified teachers; reinforcing orientation and mobility (O&M) skills during indoor and outdoor travel; assisting in self-care routines; providing visual descriptors (like videos); sharing information with and providing feedback to other educational service providers; and reinforcing behavioral management, recreational, and leisure programs (Erin & Topor, 2000; Miller & Levack, 1997). Despite their varied roles, these teaching assistants receive little or no formal training (Giangreco, Edelman, Luiselli, & MacFarland, 1997; C. Miller, personal communication, February 15,2000). They do not understand their roles and responsibilities and are often unaware of effective teaching strategies (French, 1999; Moshoyannis, Pickett,' & Granick, 1999; Parsons & Reid, 1999). Their need for training is further reflected in the provisions of the 1997 amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), which require states to provide training to paraeducators.
Teaching Argumentation Analysis and Critical Thinking in the Netherlands. Resource Publication, Series 2 No. 2.

The importance of argumentation analysis may become clear once it is realized that not a day passes without a confrontation, without argument and counter-response. Argumentation is encountered everywhere: during meetings, in scientific articles, in film reviews, letters, and in everyday conversation . The theory of argumentation involves the study of argumentation and its soundness. Research results form the basis for the development of sound and reliable argumentation analysis, in which the best approach towards argument or counter-argument is illustrated. While taking into account interest, age and capacity of the student, suitable methods can be developed and instructional devices can be designed for the teaching of argumentation analysis.
Pattern-based 3D model compression

This paper presents an efficient method to 3D model compression based on repetition detection. The proposed Pattern-Based 3D Mesh Codec (PB3DMC) can achieve good rate-distortion performance on 3D models comprising multiple components. The repetition among constituent components is first exploited to generate a compact representation. An optimal bit allocation scheme is then proposed in order to compress the resultant "pattern-instances" representation. Experimental results show that PB3DMC yields a significant gain compared to the algorithms in MPEG's Scalable Complexity 3D Mesh Coding (SC3DMC) toolset, particularly for those models containing repetitive components. Furthermore, a benchmark for PB3DMC is built using 444 models. And PB3DMC is going to be published as an amendment of, MPEG-4 standard.