Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Postpartum Depression Based on Diagnostic Interviews：A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background. Postpartum depression (PPD) is common after childbirth. Previous reviews on the prevalence of PPD have mainly included results that relied on screening instruments or a mixture of such instruments and diagnostic interviews. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of PPD based exclusively on studies using diagnostic interviews, as they provide the most reliable and valid approach for defining “caseness. ” Methods. Using PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, and CBM up to September 18, 2022, we searched for original articles reporting data that could be used to calculate the prevalence of PPD based on diagnostic interviews. A random-effect meta-analysis model was then used to estimate the pooled prevalence. In addition, we assessed quality, heterogeneity, and publication bias across studies. Also, we did subgroup analyses to explore the pooled prevalence at different time points and settings. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021244539. Results. Of 17,115 articles retrieved, 54 studies were included (total sample size = 15,586 women). The pooled prevalence of all depression and major depression within one year postpartum was 12.1% (95% CI 10.3%-14.1%; I 2 = 91.0 % ) and 7.0% (95% CI 5.7%-8.4%; I 2 = 83.0 % ), respectively. The peaks of all depression occurred during the first 6 months postpartum, especially 2-3 weeks and 6-8 weeks. Subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence of major depression was associated with the income level of countries (higher in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) than in high-income countries (HICs)) and diagnostic criteria (higher using ICD than using DSM and RDC). No evidence of publication bias was found. Conclusions. Approximately one in eight postpartum women experiences a depressive condition, with one in fifteen suffering major depression. The pooled prevalence based on diagnostic interviews was lower than the existing consensus, which was largely based on self-reported screening instruments. The higher prevalence in LMICs underlines the importance of strengthening research and service provision among these populations.
Periventricular Microglia Polarization and Morphological Changes Accompany NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Neuroinflammation after Hypoxic–Ischemic White Matter Damage in Premature Rats

White matter damage (WMD) is a primary cause of cerebral palsy and cognitive impairment in preterm infants, and no effective treatments are available. Microglia are a major component of the innate immune system. When activated, they form typical pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes and regulate myelin development and synapse formation. Therefore, they may play a pivotal role in hypoxic–ischemic (HI) WMD. Herein, we investigated neural inflammation and long-term microglia phenotypic polarization in a neonatal rat model of hypoxia-ischemia-induced WMD and elucidated the underlying pathophysiological processes. We exposed 3-day-old (P3) Sprague−Dawley rats to hypoxia (8% oxygen) for 2.5 hr after unilateral common carotid artery ligation. The activation of NLRP3 inflammatory bodies, microglia M1/M2 polarization, myelination, and synaptic development in our model were monitored 7, 14, and 21 days after birth. In addition, the Morris water maze test was performed on postnatal Day 28. We confirmed myelination disturbance in the periventricular white matter, abnormal synaptic development, and behavioral changes in the periventricular area during the development of HI WMD. In addition, we found an association between the occurrence and development of HI WMD and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, microglial M1/M2 polarization, and the release of inflammatory factors. NLRP3 inhibition can play an anti-inflammatory role by inhibiting the differentiation of microglia into the M1 phenotype, thereby improving myelination and synapse formation. In conclusion, microglia are key mediators of the inflammatory response and exhibit continuous phenotypic polarization 7–21 days after HI-induced WMD. This finding can potentially lead to a new treatment regimen targeting the phenotypic polarization of microglia early after HI-induced brain injury.
Intervention Effect of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy Based on Empowerment Theory on Loneliness in Obese Children

Background: Obesity, one of the independent risk factors affecting children’s physical and mental health, has become a serious public health problem in the 21st century. Given physical anxiety and other psychological factors, obese children experience negative impact on their mental health and intellectual development from their loneliness, unwillingness to communicate with others, and lack of peer interaction. Therefore, exploring an effective psychological intervention model that can relieve loneliness in obese children is necessary. Methods: From February to October 2022, a quasi-experimental study was conducted on obese children recruited from communities in Harbin, China. The children recruited were evaluated with the UCLA Loneliness Scale. According to the evaluation results, one hundred and five children were selected and randomly divided into experiment group (52) and control group (53). The experiment group was given an eight-week solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) intervention based on empowerment theory. The control and experiment groups were measured and compared before and after the intervention. Results: The loneliness score of the experiment group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.001). The self-efficacy score of the experiment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.001). The subjective well-being score of the experiment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: SFBT intervention based on empowerment theory has an effective intervention effect on loneliness in obese children and can improve their subjective well-being and self-efficacy. The results of this study provide a new perspective for the intervention on psychological problems in obese children.
The Experiences of Film Location Tourists

Part 1: Film Tourism - An Overview 1 Introduction 2 Destination Marketing through Film 3 Film Locations as Touristic Places 4 Profiling Film Location TouristsPart 2: The Experiences of Film Location Tourists 5 The Spiritual Location Encounter 6 The Physical Location Encounter 7 The Social Location Encounter Part 3: Conclusion 8 Characteristics of the Film Location Encounter 9 Implications and Future Directions
An Assessment of the KDICP and MDICP Data Quality

This paper evaluates the quality of the data collected as part of the Kenya and Malawi Diffusion and Ideational Change Projects, two longitudinal household surveys that examine the role of social networks in influencing attitudes and behavior regarding family size, family planning, and HIV/AIDS in, respectively, rural Kenya and Malawi. We investigate three sources of non-sampling error: interviewer effects, response reliability and sample attrition, highlighting the interaction between them, and paying particular attention to their implications for AIDS-related behavioral research.
Experimental investigation of contaminant transport in porous media. Research report

When numerical methods are applied to simulate a real contaminant transport problem, the values of a number of key parameters such as porosity, hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient or dispersivity and Darcy velocity or seepage velocity or seepage velocity are needed. In this paper, two different experimental programs, involving two types of column test and a well simulation test, were designed to demonstrate that the theory developed to explain contaminant transport in porous media is capable of representing the actual phenomenon of contaminant migration in soil. It is demonstrated that experiments can also be carried out to determine the properties necessary to model a real case of contaminant migration in porous media.
Telfairia Occidentalis Leaf Concentrations of Hg, Pb and Cd Planted in Old Sewage Sludge Dumpsites in Owerri Imo State

Leaves of Telfairia OCCIDENTALIS planted in abandoned Sewage Dumpsite were analyzed for mercury Hg, Lead Pb and Cadmium Cd levels. Samples were collected from three dump areas at a depth of 0-30cm, and fallow lands of about 50 meters away from the dumps were also sampled for reference. The samples were subjected to analysis and Heavy metals were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The findings indicated that sewage increased the soil concentrations of Heavy Metals (0.19 Hg, 17.0 Pb, and 3.0 Cd Mg/Kg1) when compared with control (0.04 Hg, 1.4 Pb, and 0.29 Cd Mg/Kg1). These were not high when compared with established permissible limits according to FEPA WHO. These concentrations were not high to cause health challenges. Many scientist reported that not all sewage sludge contains high amount of heavy metals especially when allowed to decompose for a longer period of 4 years even without prior treatment, but repeated application can increase levels. Sewage Sludge also increased N, P, K, Ca, Mg, K and ECEC and this may triggered the reason of continuous planting by farmers in dumpsites due to the fact that sewage sludge can increase the nutrient content of soil and improves its physical and chemical properties. Organic matter content which is also of great importance in soil reaction was increased by the sewage sludge deposit. The deposit of sewage sludge added organic matter, improved the soil physical and chemical properties, at the same time increased the heavy metals levels. But the heavy metals levels were not above permissible limits for heavy metal concentrations in soils. It is therefore recommended to land spray the sludge and allowed to decompose for about 2 years before planting on it. The result was discussed in-line with heavy metals in questions and permissible limits for each.
Competencies of A’ Level Graduates as Future Labor Market Participants in Uganda

: This study examined the current state of competencies of A' Level graduates in Uganda compared with the views of the desired competencies in line with society's needs and the world of work to guide the future A ‘level transformation. The study employed a mixed-methods approach and a cross-sectional survey design, involving various stakeholders, including university registrars, lecturers, human resource officers of different institutions, A' Level leavers, parents/sponsors, and other officials involved in training A ‘level students’ completion. The study shows that A' Level graduates have deficits of desired competencies in line with society's needs and the world of work. The study reveals that A' Level graduates have expanded general knowledge of national and global issues and learn new concepts faster, but they lack creativity, hands-on practical skills and generic competencies. Contrarily, the society and the world of work believes that the A ‘Level leavers are not prepared to using the possessed theoretical knowledge in practice and are not grounded with critical thinking, creativity, ICT, communication, problem-solving skills, positive attitude towards vocational/hands-on work, resilience, and honesty. The study recommends a review of Uganda's A' Level curriculum that will focus on acquiring practical experiences through competence-based training, improving communication, ICT, business, and entrepreneurship skills, and incorporating vocational education to probably lead to the lessening of competence gap.
The Psychological Impact of Vitiligo in Saudi Arabia

Background Vitiligo, the most common pigment disorder, impacts 0.5-2% of the global population, often causing psychological distress due to appearance changes and potential discrimination. Existing data on depressive symptoms and quality of life (QoL) effects in Saudi Arabian vitiligo patients are limited and inconsistent. Hence, this multi-center investigation was conducted in Saudi Arabia to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and quality of life (QoL) impairment in patients with vitiligo and to identify factors linked to increased psychological distress in this population. Methods We conducted a multi-center cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia, employing two validated Arabic questionnaires, the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9), along with demographic information. Appropriate statistical analyses were performed. Results In total, 204 patients completed the survey. The median DLQI was 4 (range: 25), while the median PHQ-9 was 5 (range: 27). Factors associated with worse QoL included an early age of onset (under 18 years) and a disease duration exceeding five years. Conversely, only disease duration correlated with worse PHQ-9 scores. Vitiligo lesions on the lower extremities, feet, and genitalia were linked to poorer DLQI scores, while only genitalia were associated with worse PHQ-9 scores. We recommend further social awareness campaigns emphasizing the role of supportive families to improve the well-being of vitiligo patients.
Statistical Properties of Buys-Ballot Estimates for Multiplicative Model with the Error Terms

In this study, we discuss statistical properties of Buys-Ballot estimates for multiplicative model with their error terms. The aim of this study is to characterize the properties of the row, column and overall means and variances of the Buys-Ballot table for multiplicative model with the error terms. The properties of Buys-Ballot estimates in this study are used for (1) estimation of trend parameters (2) estimation of seasonal effect (3) choice of model for decomposition. The results indicate that (1) the column variance (\(\hat{\sigma}^2_j\)) of the Buys-Ballot depends on the seasonal indices (\(S^2_j\)) of the jth seasons. (2) the model that best describe the pattern in the transformed series is additive. This further confirms that the appropriate model of the original series is multiplicative.
Genetic algorithms-based optimal site selection of solar PV in the north of Afghanistan

ABSTRACT This study evaluates the renewable energy potential in northern Afghanistan by employing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and a genetic optimization algorithm. Eleven geodata layers, including factors like solar radiation, elevation, and proximity to various infrastructures, were considered for assessing suitable solar energy development sites across nine provinces. The research combines AHP and genetic algorithm approaches to determine optimal locations for solar energy projects, aiming to aid policymakers and investors in decision-making. Morphological factors such as slope, elevation, and solar radiation were identified as significant determinants of site suitability for solar photovoltaic systems. The study revealed that Afghanistan's northwest and western regions have the most promising areas for solar PV systems due to their lower topographic complexity. The genetic algorithm accurately outperformed AHP, identifying over 29,000 square kilometers of suitable land for solar power plants in northern Afghanistan. The outputs of genetic algorithm are classified into strongly suitable (4504 km²), moderately suitable (5899 km²), and suitable (7088 km²) categories for solar energy development. Balkh province demonstrated the highest potential with an area of 7960 km², while Badakhshan showed the lowest capacity. These findings offer valuable insights for stakeholders interested in solar energy development in northern Afghanistan, aiding them in making well-informed decisions and investments.
Surface Energy Dynamics and Canopy Structural Properties in Intact and Disturbed Forests in the Southern Amazon

The Brazilian Amazon has been a focus of land development with large swaths of forests converted to agriculture. Forest degradation by selective logging and fires has accompanied the agricultural frontier and has resulted in significant impacts on Amazonian ecosystems. Changes in forest structure resulting from forest disturbances have large impacts on the surface energy balance, including on land surface temperature (LST) and evapotranspiration (ET). This study's objective is to assess the effects of forest disturbances on water fluxes and forest structure in a transitional forest site in the Southern Amazon. We used ET and LST products from MODIS and Landsat 8 and GEDI‐derived forest structure data to address our research questions. We found that disturbances induced seasonal water stress, more pronounced in croplands/pastures than in forests (differences up to 20% in the dry season), and more pronounced in second‐growth and recently burned areas than in logged and intact forests (differences up to 12% in the dry season). Moreover, ET and LST were negatively related, with more consistent relationships across disturbance classes in the dry season (R2: 0.41–0.87) than in the wet season (R2: 0.18–0.49). Forest and cropland or pasture classes showed contrasting relationships in the dry season. Finally, we found that forest structure exhibited stronger relationships with ET and LST in the most disturbed forests (R2: 0.01–0.43) than in the least disturbed forests (R2 < 0.05). Our findings help to elucidate degraded forests functioning under a changing climate and to improve estimates of water and energy fluxes in Amazonian degraded forests.
Exploring the variation in spoonbill chick diet and trophic niches between traditional and recently colonised sites in Portugal

The Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia is currently experiencing an increasing population trend in Western Europe and colonising areas in its breeding range. In this study we assessed the diet and trophic ecology of spoonbill chicks in Portuguese colonies (Ria Formosa and Tagus Estuary) occupied at different years during the population expansion in the country. We accomplished this by combining diet analysis with blood and feather stable isotopic analysis. Spoonbills from the Portuguese colonies relied mainly (but not exclusively) on crustaceans (Ria Formosa = 75%, Tagus Estuary = 72.5%) and fish (Ria Formosa = 17.11%, Tagus Estuary = 37.50%) to feed their chicks. Crustaceans seems to be the most important prey group. Nevertheless, chicks from Ria Formosa were fed with prey from a higher trophic level than chicks from Tagus Estuary. In both colonies chicks were fed with available in habitats near the colony, although in Tagus Estuary most prey originated from freshwater habitats. Diet of chicks remained constant through the development period and the proportions of crustaceans and fish consumed differed from other colonies elsewhere in Western Europe (Spain and the Netherlands). We conclude that in Portugal, spoonbills feed their chicks with prey commonly found in the vicinity of colonies. Prey originating from artificial habitats, particularly the invasive Louisiana crayfish Procambarus clarkii in the more recently occupied colony, were the most important items in the diet of chicks.
Learning to Average Predictively Over Good and Bad: Comment on: Using Stacking to Average Bayesian Predictive Distributions

We suggest to extend the stacking procedure for a combination of predictive densities, proposed by Yao et al in the journal Bayesian Analysis to a setting where dynamic learning occurs about features of predictive densities of possibly misspecified models. This improves the averaging process of good and bad model forecasts. We summarise how this learning is done in economics and finance using mixtures. We also show that our proposal can be extended to combining forecasts and policies. The technical tools necessary for the implementation refer to filtering methods from nonlinear time series and we show their connection with machine learning. We illustrate our suggestion using results from Basturk et al based on financial data about US portfolios from 1928 until 2015.
The influence of green shared vision, education and training, and green recruitment, on organizational citizenship behavior for environment in elementary schools in Indonesia.

Managing human resources in schools as a basis for instilling knowledge becomes a strategic phenomenon. The importance of these human resources needs to start with a sustainable development plan, with green regulations and a green environment. Analysis of the influence of Green Shared Vision, Education and Training and Green Recruitment on Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment is the main objective of this research. To achieve the research objectives, the object of this study were all elementary school employees, Yogyakarta Province - Indonesia, with a sample calculation using the slovin method of 163 workers in the school. Retrieval of data using purposive random sampling method and cluster sampling technique. With 23 indicators of 4 variables measured by simantec scale. The analysis tools used are validity and reliability, using Variance Based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, with the SmartPLS version 4 software tool. The research results show that Green Shared Vision has no effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Environment, Education and Training, Green Recruitment has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Environment.
Improved application of space-time adaptive monopulse to joint domain localized STAP

ABSTRACT In this paper, we focus on the efficient joint domain localized (JDL) space-time adaptive processing (STAP) algorithm, and present a modified JDL space-time adaptive monopulse (STAM) scheme to offer improved accuracy estimation of target parameters. The procedure iteratively modifies the JDL transform matrix according to the instantaneous estimation of the target angle-Doppler location using STAM. Thereby, it ensures the target steering vector exactly localizing at the center of the localized processing region (LPR). Furthermore, it also eliminates the mismatch error of the test steering vector in STAM application, which consequently results in the improved estimation of target direction and Doppler frequency. Simulation results demonstrate that when targets deviate from the center of test angle-Doppler bin, the proposed approach can significantly outperform the conventional JDL-STAM estimator, which suffers from angle-Doppler straddling loss and steering vector mismatch.
Genetic Characterization of the H Gene of MeV Strains (H1, B3, and D4) Recently Circulated in Iran for Improving the Molecular Measles Surveillance in the National Measles Lab

Background: Despite decreasing the global burden of measles disease after the introduction of vaccination, measles remains one of the most devastating childhood diseases. Since genotype B3 is reported as a predominant Measles Virus (MeV) genotype recently, the current study aimed to better understand MeV genetic variation by analyzing the complete sequence of Hemagglutinin (H) gene associated with outbreaks of circulated genotypes in Iran. Methods: Nine positive measles specimens were selected from three circulated different genotypes H1, B3, and D4. Two different regions of MeV RNA were detected by RT-PCR assay. Sequence data and phylogenetic trees were analyzed and constructed by MEGA X software program. Moreover, missense and silent mutations in critical positions of the MeV-H protein were investigated. Results: The result of phylogenetic analysis from the C-terminus of the Nucleoprotein gene (NP-450) and the complete H gene revealed that the mean sequence diversity was 0.06%–0.08% and 0.04%, respectively. Genotype H1 had the highest mutation in this study; however, the substitutions in genotype B3 fundamentally occurred in critical epitopes. Moreover, genotype D4 was more stable than genotypes B3 and H1. Conclusion: Mutations were investigated in the whole sequence of H protein. Moreover, the mutations that occur in the critical sites of the protein have an important effect on the pathogenicity of the virus. In this way, we were able to illustrate why genotype B3 is more transmissible than other measles genotypes and is the most important circulating genotype around the world.