Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MDA Based Development Approach for Software Mining System

From the viewpoint of software engineering implementation, a MDA-based development approach for software mining systems is proposed in this paper. The development process starts from the describing of platform independent models. Then, by tightly integrating different functional modules such as storage management, data preprocessing, mining operations and mining base management, the approach succeeds in transforming models between different levels. This approach may not only be a theoretical guidance for model transformation, but also can be a measurement for validating the mapping rules between models at different abstract levels of the same system, and thus can make an effect support to model driven software engineering.
Survey on the impact of Electric Vehicles on power distribution grid

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are developing increasingly in recent years due to many associated economic and environmental factors. When connected to distribution grid, EVs may be considered both as active loads and energy storage devices,which will have different and significant impacts on the distribution system. This paper surveys the present situation of the researches on these impacts. Other aspects such as effects on grid stability and effects when power system occurs fault are also included. The features and defects of existing studies are pointed out. The conclusion of this paper is available for reference to the research on the impact of EVs on distribution grid in the future.
Shared virtual memory: progress and challenges

Shared virtual memory, a technique for supporting a shared address space in software on parallel systems, has undergone a decade of research, with significant maturing of protocols and communication layers having now been achieved. We provide a survey of the key developments in this research, placing the multitrack flow of ideas and results obtained so far in a comprehensive new framework. Four major research tracks are covered: relaxed consistency models; protocol laziness; architectural support; and application-driven research. Several related avenues are also discussed, such as fine grained software coherence, software protocols across multiprocessor nodes, and performance scalability. We summarize comparative performance results from the literature, discuss their limitations, and identify lessons learned so far, key outstanding questions, and important directions for future research in this area.
The Politics of Sourcing: A Study of Journalistic Practices in the Blogosphere

Digital media lowers barriers to entry and has the ability to renegotiate traditional news-making power structures. However, it remains to be seen whether or not the people that use tools like blogs actually challenge those frameworks. Offline reporters predominantly use government officials as sources while online journalists and newspaper institutions typically cite their own pages and posts. In order to understand whether or not journalistic norms are challenged in the blogosphere, we look at the sourcing practices of a diverse group of 40 bloggers. Specifically, we sample 400 blogposts that discussed global warming between 2004 and May of 2007. Operationalizing hyperlinks as sources, we then code the 3264 hyperlinks in these posts. Results indicate that government sources are linked to the least. Instead, bloggers tend to link to the online versions of traditional news media as well as to other blogs. However, we find that bloggers also link to miscellaneous and civic sources such as academics and non-profit organizations about one-quarter of the time, somewhat challenging the dominance of government and traditional media. We conclude that blogging on non-traditional topics may subvert who gets heard in an online world, but further research is needed on this topic.
Boosting Long-Term Memory via Wakeful Rest: Intentional Rehearsal Is Not Necessary, Consolidation Is Sufficient

People perform better on tests of delayed free recall if learning is followed immediately by a short wakeful rest than by a short period of sensory stimulation. Animal and human work suggests that wakeful resting provides optimal conditions for the consolidation of recently acquired memories. However, an alternative account cannot be ruled out, namely that wakeful resting provides optimal conditions for intentional rehearsal of recently acquired memories, thus driving superior memory. Here we utilised non-recallable words to examine whether wakeful rest boosts long-term memory, even when new memories could not be rehearsed intentionally during the wakeful rest delay. The probing of non-recallable words requires a recognition paradigm. Therefore, we first established, via Experiment 1, that the rest-induced boost in memory observed via free recall can be replicated in a recognition paradigm, using concrete nouns. In Experiment 2, participants heard 30 non-recallable non-words, presented as ‘foreign names in a bridge club abroad’ and then either rested wakefully or played a visual spot-the-difference game for 10 minutes. Retention was probed via recognition at two time points, 15 minutes and 7 days after presentation. As in Experiment 1, wakeful rest boosted recognition significantly, and this boost was maintained for at least 7 days. Our results indicate that the enhancement of memory via wakeful rest is not dependent upon intentional rehearsal of learned material during the rest period. We thus conclude that consolidation is sufficient for this rest-induced memory boost to emerge. We propose that wakeful resting allows for superior memory consolidation, resulting in stronger and/or more veridical representations of experienced events which can be detected via tests of free recall and recognition.
Optimized Distances for Binary Code Ranking

Binary encoding on high-dimensional data points has attracted much attention due to its computational and storage efficiency. While numerous efforts have been made to encode data points into binary codes, how to calculate the effective distance on binary codes to approximate the original distance is rarely addressed. In this paper, we propose an effective distance measurement for binary code ranking. In our approach, the binary code is firstly decomposed into multiple sub codes, each of which generates a query-dependent distance lookup table. Then the distance between the query and the binary code is constructed as the aggregation of the distances from all sub codes by looking up their respective tables. The entries of the lookup tables are optimized by minimizing the misalignment between the approximate distance and the original distance. Such a scheme is applied to both the symmetric distance and the asymmetric distance. Extensive experimental results show superior performance of the proposed approach over state-of-the-art methods on three real-world high-dimensional datasets for binary code ranking.
Concept identification and presentation in the context of technical text summarization

We describe a method of text summarization that produces indicative-informative abstracts for technical papers. The abstracts are generated by a process of conceptual identification, topic extraction and re-generation. We have carried out an evaluation to assess indicativeness and text acceptability relying on human judgment. The results so far indicate good performance in both tasks when compared with other summarization technologies.
Pinchmaps: textures with customizable discontinuities

We introduce a new texture representation that combines standard samplin g, to be bilinearly interpolated in smoothly varying regions, with customizable discontinuities, to model sharp boundaries between these regions. The structure consists of a standard signal texture, plus a second textur e we call pinchmap, which encodes discontinuities along generally curved lines; at rendering time the fragment proce ssor efficiently decodes this structure with a single access to each texture. We also present a fully automatic way to co mpute a pinchmap and signal texture pair, starting from an original high resolution image. The final resu lt on the screen is a comparable visual quality for a fraction of the texture storage and with a negligible impact on perfor mance.
STELLAR DIAMETERS AND TEMPERATURES. III. MAIN-SEQUENCE A, F, G, AND K STARS: ADDITIONAL HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENTS AND EMPIRICAL RELATIONS

Based on CHARA Array measurements, we present the angular diameters of 23 nearby, main-sequence stars, ranging from spectral types A7 to K0, 5 of which are exoplanet host stars. We derive linear radii, effective temperatures, and absolute luminosities of the stars using Hipparcos parallaxes and measured bolometric fluxes. The new data are combined with previously published values to create an Angular Diameter Anthology of measured angular diameters to main-sequence stars (luminosity classes V and IV). This compilation consists of 125 stars with diameter uncertainties of less than 5%, ranging in spectral types from A to M. The large quantity of empirical data is used to derive color–temperature relations to an assortment of color indices in the Johnson (BVRJIJJHK), Cousins (RCIC), Kron (RKIK), Sloan (griz), and WISE (W3W4) photometric systems. These relations have an average standard deviation of ∼3% and are valid for stars with spectral types A0–M4. To derive even more accurate relations for Sun-like stars, we also determined these temperature relations omitting early-type stars (Teff > 6750 K) that may have biased luminosity estimates because of rapid rotation; for this subset the dispersion is only ∼2.5%. We find effective temperatures in agreement within a couple of percent for the interferometrically characterized sample of main-sequence stars compared to those derived via the infrared flux method and spectroscopic analysis.
Phylogenetic Position of Aquificales Based on the Whole Genome Sequences of Six Aquificales Species

Species belonging to the order Aquificales are believed to be an early branching lineage within the Bacteria. However, the branching order of this group in single-gene phylogenetic trees is highly variable; for example, it has also been proposed that the Aquificales should be grouped with ε-proteobacteria. To investigate the phylogenetic position of Aquificales at the whole-genome level, here we reconstructed the phylogenetic trees of 18 bacteria including six Aquificales species based on the concatenated data of proteins shared by these bacteria. In the phylogenetic tree based on the whole-genome information, Aquificales was more closely related to Thermotogales than to Proteobacteria, suggesting that the Aquificales is a relatively early branching lineage within the Bacteria. Moreover, we classified the phylogenetic tree of each conserved orthologous protein by its topology. As a result, in the most major type of the phylogenetic trees, Aquificales was closely related to the Thermotogales. However, Aquificales was closely related to ε-proteobacteria in 21.0% of all phylogenetic trees, suggesting that many proteins phylogenetically related to the ε-proteobacteria may be encoded in the genomes of the members of the Aquificales. This unique feature may be responsible for the high variability in the branching order of Aquificales in single-gene phylogenetic trees.
Elevated circulating levels of C-C chemokines in patients with congestive heart failure.

BACKGROUND Immunologic and inflammatory responses appear to play a pathogenic role in the development of congestive heart failure (CHF). Activation and migration of leukocytes to areas of inflammation are important factors in these immunologic responses. Because the C-C chemokines are potent chemoattractants of monocytes and lymphocytes and can modulate other functions of these cells (eg, generation of reactive oxygen species), we measured circulating levels of three C-C chemokines in CHF. METHODS AND RESULTS Levels of macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein- 1alpha (MIP-1alpha), and RANTES (regulated on activation normally T-cell expressed and secreted) were measured by enzyme immunoassays in 44 patients with CHF and 21 healthy control subjects. CHF patients had significantly elevated levels of all chemokines with the highest levels in New York Heart Association class IV, and MCP-1 and MIP-1alpha levels were significantly inversely correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction. Elevated C-C chemokine levels were found independent of the cause of the heart failure, but MCP-1 levels were particularly raised in patients with coronary artery disease. Studies on cells isolated from peripheral blood suggested that platelets, CD3+ lymphocytes, and in particular, monocytes, might contribute to the elevated C-C chemokine levels in CHF. The increased MCP-1 levels in CHF were correlated with increased monocyte activity reflected in an enhancing effect of serum from CHF patients on O2-generation in monocytes, which was inhibited by neutralizing antibodies against MCP-1. CONCLUSIONS This first demonstration of increased circulating levels of C-C chemokines in CHF with particularly high levels in patients with severe disease may represent previously unrecognized pathogenic factors in CHF.
Food safety and irradiation: protecting the public from foodborne infections.

Early in the 20th century, when food safety was a major concern to the public, two technologies, milk pasteurization and retort canning, were developed, promoted, and virtually canonized as prevention measures against foodborne diseases. Fear of contracting typhoid fever from watered milk and outbreaks of botulism from commercially canned products are now part of the distant past, controlled by these food industry processes in many countries. Nonetheless, at the beginning of the 21st century, foodborne disease remains a major threat to public health, as new pathogens and products have emerged (1). Many of these threats can be controlled by applying new technologies, when we as a society are willing to use them. In the United States, foodborne infections cause an estimated 76 million cases of illness and 325,000 hospitalizations annually— more than 1 in 1,000 are hospitalized each year (2). The economic burden is substantial, estimated at up to $6.7 billion annually in patient-related costs for treatment of bacterial infections alone (3). Five pathogens account for much of the most severe illness: Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157 and other Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, Campylobacter, Listeria, and Toxoplasma cause an estimated 3.5 million infections, 33,000 hospitalizations, and 1,600 deaths each year (2). In the early 1990s, large and devastating foodborne outbreaks of E. coli O157:H7 infections heightened public concern about foodborne diseases (4). Efforts to improve food safety were intensified in industry and regulatory agencies and supported by the National Food Safety Initiative (5). As a result of these efforts, the process control strategy of the Hazard Analysis-Critical Control Point (HACCP) is becoming the norm to use for producing many foods. In slaughter inspection it is replacing manual and visual carcass-by-carcass inspections. An expanded focus on regulating sanitation and hygiene with good manufacturing and agricultural practices means that food would be produced under cleaner conditions. In restaurants and home kitchens, new attempts have been made to educate food preparers in the basic principles of food safety, though paid sick leave for foodhandlers is still the exception, and handwashing is intermittent. These developments may collectively help explain a decline in the reported incidence of Salmonella and Campylobacter infections that was observed in active surveillance by FoodNet between 1996 and 2000 (6). However, we are still far from the public health goals established for 2010. These goals include reducing the national incidence of infections with Salmonella, E. coli O157, Campylobacter, and Listeria to 50% of their 1997 incidence (7). Reaching those goals means preventing 50% of foodborne diseases now occurring. This will require new approaches for prevention.
A Comparison of Anthropometric Measures for Assessing the Association between Body Size and Risk of Chronic Low Back Pain: The HUNT Study

Background Previous work indicates that overweight and obese individuals carry an increased risk of experiencing chronic low back pain (LBP). It is not known, however, how the association with body size depends on the choice of anthropometric measure used. Objective This work compares relationships with LBP for several measures of body size. Different results may indicate underlying mechanisms for the association between body size and risk of LBP. Methods In a cohort study, baseline information was collected in the community-based HUNT2 (1995–1997) and HUNT3 (2006–2008) surveys in Norway. Participants were 10,059 women and 8725 men aged 30–69 years without LBP, and 3883 women and 2662 men with LBP at baseline. Associations with LBP at end of follow-up were assessed by generalized linear modeling, with adjustment for potential confounders. Results Relationships between waist-hip-ratio and occurrence of LBP at end of follow-up were weak and non-significant after adjustment for age, education, work status, physical activity, smoking, lipid levels and blood pressure. Positive associations with LBP at end of follow-up were all significant for body weight, BMI, waist circumference and hip circumference after similar adjustment, both in women without and with LBP at baseline, and in men without LBP at baseline. After additional mutual adjustment for anthropometric measures, the magnitude of the association with body weight increased in women without LBP at baseline (RR: 1.130 per standard deviation, 95% CI: 0.995–1.284) and in men (RR: 1.124, 95% CI 0.976–1.294), with other measures showing weak associations only. Conclusion Central adiposity is unlikely to play a major role in the etiology of LBP. Total fat mass may be one common factor underlying the associations observed. The association with body weight remaining after mutual adjustment may reflect mechanical or structural components behind the relationship between overweight or obesity and LBP.
Utility Maximizing Thread Assignment and Resource Allocation

Achieving high performance in many distributed systems, ranging from clouds to multicore processors, requires finding good assignments of threads to servers as well as effectively allocating each server's resources to its assigned threads. Both the assignment and allocation component of this problem have been studied extensively, though separately in the literature. In this paper, we introduce the assign and allocate (AA) problem, which seeks to simultaneously find an assignment and allocations that maximize the total utility of the threads. We first show that this problem is NP-hard, even when there are only two servers. We then present a 2(2√-1)>0.828 factor approximation algorithm, which runs in O(mn2 + n(logmC)2) time for n threads and m servers with C amount of resources each. We also present a faster algorithm with the same approximation ratio and O(n(logmC)2) running time. We conducted experiments to test the performance of our algorithm on different types of threads, and found that it achieves over 99% of the optimal utility on average. We also compared our algorithm against several other assignment and allocation algorithms, and found that it achieves up to 5.7 times better total utility.
Single-user performance of direct-sequence code-division multiple-access using relay diversity and power allocation

In this contribution, the authors investigate the single-user-bound performance of a direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system, where one source mobile terminal (MT) communicates with its base-station (BS) with the assistance of multiple relays. The authors assume that the communications channels experience both propagation pathloss and fast fading, and that the channels from the source MT to the BS and relays as well as that from the relays to the BS may experience different fast fading modelled correspondingly by Nakagami-m distributions. In the study, they assume both the single-user combining using maximal ratio combining and the multiuser combining, which are derived based on the maximum signal-tointerference-plus-noise ratio criterion. The bit-error-rate (BER) performance of the DS-CDMA is investigated associated with considering the locations of the relays as well as the power-allocation among the source MT and relays. From the study and simulation results, it can be shown that the achievable BER performance of the DS-CDMA depends on the locations of the relays and also on the power-allocation among the source MT and relays. When the relays of a source MT are chosen from a different area, the power-allocation should also be adjusted correspondingly in order to achieve the minimum BER. Furthermore, when optimum power allocation is assumed, the BER performance of the DS-CDMA can be significantly improved, when increasing the number of relays assisting the source MT.
Identification of the mRNA targets of tRNA-specific regulation using genome-wide simulation of translation

tRNA gene copy number is a primary determinant of tRNA abundance and therefore the rate at which each tRNA delivers amino acids to the ribosome during translation. Low-abundance tRNAs decode rare codons slowly, but it is unclear which genes might be subject to tRNA-mediated regulation of expression. Here, those mRNA targets were identified via global simulation of translation. In-silico mRNA translation rates were compared for each mRNA in both wild-type and a \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}${\rm{tRNA}}_{{\rm{CUG}}}^{{\rm{Gln}}}$\end{document} sup70-65 mutant, which exhibits a pseudohyphal growth phenotype and a 75% slower CAG codon translation rate. Of 4900 CAG-containing mRNAs, 300 showed significantly reduced in silico translation rates in a simulated tRNA mutant. Quantitative immunoassay confirmed that the reduced translation rates of sensitive mRNAs were \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}${\rm{tRNA}}_{{\rm{CUG}}}^{{\rm{Gln}}}$\end{document} concentration-dependent. Translation simulations showed that reduced \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}${\rm{tRNA}}_{{\rm{CUG}}}^{{\rm{Gln}}}$\end{document} concentrations triggered ribosome queues, which dissipated at reduced translation initiation rates. To validate this prediction experimentally, constitutive gcn2 kinase mutants were used to reduce in vivo translation initiation rates. This repaired the relative translational rate defect of target mRNAs in the sup70-65 background, and ameliorated sup70-65 pseudohyphal growth phenotypes. We thus validate global simulation of translation as a new tool to identify mRNA targets of tRNA-specific gene regulation.
Inflation-Linked Bonds from a Central Bank Perspective

Inflation-linked bond markets have experienced significant growth in recent years. This growth is somewhat surprising, for inflation-linked bonds cannot be considered a financial innovation and their development has taken place in a period of historically low global inflation and inflation expectations. In this context, the purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it provides a selective survey of the key arguments for and against the issuance of inflation-linked debt, and some of the factors that help to understand their recent growth. Second, it illustrates the use of these instruments to better monitor investors’ inflation expectations and growth prospects from a central bank perspective.