Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fiberoptic endotracheal intubation after topicalization with in-circuit nebulized lidocaine in a child with a difficult airway.

UNLABELLED This case report describes the successful fiberoptic intubation of an uncooperative child with a difficult airway due to gross burn scarring in the facial and neck region by administering 4% end-tidal sevoflurane and simultaneously delivering 4% nebulized lidocaine via a small-volume nebulizer that was connected to the inspiratory limb of the circle system via a T-piece adapter. This case suggests that simultaneously administering a volatile anesthetic with nebulized lidocaine might be an alternative way to deliver lidocaine and might provide better topical anesthesia for uncooperative patients. IMPLICATIONS An in-circuit nebulization system to deliver topical lidocaine may facilitate fiberoptic-assisted intubation in anesthetized, spontaneously breathing children with compromised airways.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor negatively regulates dendritic cell immunogenicity via a kynurenine-dependent mechanism

Although an immunoregulatory role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) has been demonstrated in T cells and macrophages, little is known about its function in dendritic cells (DC). Here, we show that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and CpG stimulate Ahr expression in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC). Furthermore, we found that Ahr is required to induce indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression, an immunosuppressive enzyme that catabolizes tryptophan into kynurenine (Kyn) and other metabolites in DC. In the presence of LPS or CpG, Ahr-deficient (Ahr−/−) mature BMDC induced immune responses characterized by reduced Kyn and IL-10 production compared with results observed with tolerogenic mature WT BMDC. In a coculture system with LPS- or CpG-stimulated BMDC and naive T cells, Ahr−/− BMDC inhibited naive T-cell differentiation into regulatory T (Treg) cells, which likely facilitated Th17 cell development and promoted naive T-cell proliferation. Addition of synthetic L-Kyn to the coculture system skewed the differentiation of naive T cells to Treg cells rather than Th17 cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate a previously unknown negatively regulatory role for Ahr in DC-mediated immunogenesis in the presence of LPS or CpG, which, in turn, alters the Kyn-dependent generation of Treg cells and Th17 cells from naive T cells.
Exercise training improves erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients with metabolic syndrome on phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors.

INTRODUCTION Erectile dysfunction (ED) affects about 50% of males aged 40-70 years old. ED shares with atherosclerotic disease several common risk factors; therefore, it may be considered a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis. Since phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors are well known pharmacologic agents capable of significant improvement in ED, we designed this study to evaluate whether exercise training is of added value in patients with ED who are already on PDE-5 inhibitors. METHODS We recruited 20 male patients affected by ED with metabolic syndrome. At baseline, all patients underwent Cardio-Pulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET) and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) test. After the initial evaluation, patients were subdivided into two groups: tadalafil group (group T, n = 10), who were maintained only on tadalafil therapy, and a tadalafil/exercise training group (T/E group, n = 10) who continued tadalafil but in addition underwent a2-month structured exercise training program. RESULTS Basal anthropometric characteristics of study population showed no significant differences. Although both-groups showed at 2 months an improvement of the IIEF score, this was more evident in the T/E group (T group: 11.2 vs 14.2, P = 0.02; T/E group: 10.8 vs 20.1, P < 0.001). There was an improvement of oxygen consumption at peak exercise (VO(2peak)) only in the T/E group patients (T group: 13.63 +/- 2.03 vs 14.24 +/- 2.98 mL/kg/min; P = 0.521; T/E group: 13.41 +/- 2.97 vs 16.58 +/- 3.17 mL/kg/min; P = 0.006). A significant correlation was found between the changes in VO(2peak) and the modifications in IIEF score (r = 0.575; P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Exercise training in ED patients treated with PDE-5 inhibitors is of added value since further improves ED, as evaluated by IIEF score, and increases functional capacity.
Dynamics of miRNA biogenesis and nuclear transport

Summary MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA sequences ~22 nucleotides in length that play an important role in gene regulation-transcription and translation. The processing of these miRNAs takes place in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm while the final maturation occurs in the cytoplasm. Some mature miRNAs with nuclear localisation signals (NLS) are transported back to the nucleus and some remain in the cytoplasm. The functional roles of these miRNAs are seen in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. In the nucleus, miRNAs regulate gene expression by binding to the targeted promoter sequences and affect either the transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) or transcriptional gene activation (TGA). In the cytoplasm, targeted mRNAs are translationally repressed or cleaved based on the complementarity between the two sequences at the seed region of miRNA and mRNA. The selective transport of mature miRNAs to the nucleus follows the classical nuclear import mechanism. The classical nuclear import mechanism is a highly regulated process, involving exportins and importins. The nuclear pore complex (NPC) regulates all these transport events like a gate keeper. The half-life of miRNAs is rather low, so within a short time miRNAs perform their function. Temporal studies of miRNA biogenesis are, therefore, useful. We have carried out simulation studies for important miRNA biogenesis steps and also classical nuclear import mechanism using ordinary differential equation (ODE) solver in the Octave software.
Issues in the Assessment of Organic Brain Damage

In most if not all respects the assessment of organic brain damage is similar to other assessment areas in which psychologists have become professionally and scientifically involved, the assessment of psychiatric stacus and the assessmenc of personality attributes to name two. Thus, the problems of psychological assessmenc can be viewed as general ones with each area providing special variations. This report will focus upon how some of these general problems apply specifically to assessment of organicity. The particular kind of difficulties which face the psychologist in his actempts to relace observable behavior to brain functioning is in some respects tied to the narure of his interest in this set of relationships. W e are generally interested in observed behavior-brain function relationships for one or both of two reasons. One, we wish to increase the ability with which brain pathology can be detected as present or absent and, if possible, to provide information regarding the site and extent of lesion and nature of the pathology. This is a clinical interest and has as its goal the maximizing of diagnostic hits, i.e., the proportion of times diagnostic predictions correspond to neurological verdict. A second focus of interest can be called theoretical and has as its goal the increase in our knowledge of the way that the brain functions. How then do the problems of measurement differ as a function of a clinical versus a theoretical interest in brain damage?
Perhaps Unidimensional Is Not Unidimensional

Miller (1956) identified his famous limit of 7 ± 2 items based in part on absolute identification-the ability to identify stimuli that differ on a single physical dimension, such as lines of different length. An important aspect of this limit is its independence from perceptual effects and its application across all stimulus types. Recent research, however, has identified several exceptions. We investigate an explanation for these results that reconciles them with Miller's work. We find support for the hypothesis that the exceptional stimulus types have more complex psychological representations, which can therefore support better identification. Our investigation uses data sets with thousands of observations for each participant, which allows the application of a new technique for identifying psychological representations: the structural forms algorithm of Kemp and Tenenbaum (2008). This algorithm supports inferences not possible with previous techniques, such as multidimensional scaling.
Preserved singing in aphasia: A case study of the efficacy of melodic intonation therapy

This study examined the efficacy of Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) in a male singer (KL) with severe Broca’s aphasia. Thirty novel phrases were allocated to one of three experimental conditions: unrehearsed, rehearsed verbal production (repetition), and rehearsed verbal production with melody (MIT). The results showed superior production of MIT phrases during therapy. Comparison of performance at baseline, 1 week, and 5 weeks after therapy revealed an initial beneficial effect of both types of rehearsal; however, MIT was more durable, facilitating longer-term phrase production. Our findings suggest that MIT facilitated KL’s speech praxis, and that combining melody and speech through rehearsal promoted separate storage and/or access to the phrase representation.
Social support, individual differences and well-being: A study of small business entrepreneurs and employees.

This study examined the relationships between social support and personality factors as moderators of stress arising from demands in the workplace. Data on personal, demographic and job characteristics as well as measures of individual traits, social support and psychological well-being were collected from a sample of 117 entrepreneurs and employees. The results showed significant differences in the work patterns and personality characteristics between the two occupational groups but no differences in well-being were found. Extraversion and need achievement jointly predicted perceived support with interpersonal control being the strongest predictor. Extraverts and internals reported the highest levels of interpersonal support compared with introverts and externals. Overall, the findings provide evidence for the buffering role of social support. The importance of broadening the concept of social support to include individual differences in future research is emphasized.
Multi-task learning deep neural networks for speech feature denoising

Traditional automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems usually get a sharp performance drop when noise presents in speech. To make a robust ASR, we introduce a new model us-ing the multi-task learning deep neural networks (MTL-DNN) to solve the speech denoising task in feature level. In this model, the networks are initialized by pre-training restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) and ﬁne-tuned by jointly learning multiple interactive tasks using a shared representation. In multi-task learning, we choose a noisy-clean speech pair ﬁtting task as the primary task and separately explore two constraints as the secondary tasks: phone label and phone cluster. In experiments, the denoised speech is reconstructed by the MTL-DNN using the noisy speech as input and it is respectively evaluated by the DNN-hidden Markov model (HMM) based and the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM)-HMM based ASR systems. Results show that, using the denoised speech, the word error rate (WER) is respectively reduced by 53.14% and 34.84% compared with baselines. The MTL-DNN model also outperforms the general single-task learning deep neural networks (STL-DNN) model with a performance improvement of 4.93% and 3.88% respectively.
L2DTL/CDT2 Interacts with the CUL4/DDB1 Complex and PCNA and Regulates CDT1 Proteolysis in Response to DNA Damage

The CUL4 (cullin 4) proteins are the core components of a new class of ubiquitin E3 ligases that regulate cell cycle, DNA replication, and DNA damage response. To determine the composition of CUL4 ubiquitin E3 ligase complex, we used anti-CUL4 antibody affinity chromatography to isolate the proteins that associated with human CUL4 complexes and identified them by mass-spectrometry. A novel and conserved WD40 domain-containing protein, the human homologue of Drosophila lethal(2) denticleless protein (L2DTL), was found to associate with CUL4 and DDB1. L2DTL also interacts with replication licensing protein CDT1 in vivo. Loss of L2DTL in Drosophila S2 and human cells suppressed proteolysis of CDT1 in response to DNA damage. We further isolated the human L2DTL complexes by anti-L2DTL immuno-affinity chromatography from HeLa cells and found it associates with DDB1, components of the COP9-signalosome complex (CSN), and PCNA. We found that PCNA interacts with CDT1 and loss of PCNA suppressed CDT1 proteolysis after DNA damage. Our data also revealed that in vivo, inactivation of L2DTL causes the dissociation of DDB1 from the CUL4 complex. Our studies suggest that L2DTL and PCNA interact with CUL4/DDB1 complexes and are involved in CDT1 degradation after DNA damage.
In-hospital Breastfeeding and Intention to Return to Work Influence Mothers’ Breastfeeding Intentions

Background: Research continues to demonstrate that formula feeding is associated with numerous long-term negative outcomes for a mother and her infant. However, many women cease breastfeeding sooner than intended and recommended. Breastfeeding has been found to be related to demographics, maternal mood, and returning to work outside the home. Objectives: This study aimed to shed light on the woman’s perception of the effect of working on intended breastfeeding duration. This study used intentions to return to work and in-hospital breastfeeding to predict breastfeeding intentions. Methods: Women (N = 160) were surveyed during the first 48 hours postdelivery of healthy, full-term infants. Survey instruments included demographics (socioeconomic status, maternal age, education, and marital status), depression, fetal attachment, current exclusive breastfeeding status, as well as breastfeeding and return-to-work intentions for the next year. A path analysis was used to explore relationships and predictors of breastfeeding intentions. Results: The model had a good fit and breastfeeding intentions were predicted by exclusive breastfeeding in the hospital (β = 0.21, P < .01) and negatively predicted by return to work (β = −0.18, P < .05). Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding in the hospital within the first 48 hours postpartum and intention to return to work influence how long a mother intends to breastfeed. Attention to these areas can be provided immediately postpartum to support exclusive breastfeeding and provide informational support on continuing to breastfeed/express milk upon return to work if the mother intends to return to work.
Wireless access using MIMO subarrays at mm-wave bands

This paper shows a way to get high capacity outdoor radio link for a line-of-sight (LOS) system in the 70 GHz portion of the E-band (71-76 GHz). We consider a short range application with a maximum distance equal to 200 m. We design and evaluate the performance of a MIMO system with equal element spacing at the transmitter and the receiver. Each node of the MIMO system consists of a uniform rectangular array (URA), where the single element is a patch antenna, in order to achieve higher gains and narrow beams. Such configuration is much more compact compared to the antennas currently applied for the same bandwidth. We optimize the inter-element distances at the transmitter and the receiver. We evaluate the capacity achievable with different array sizes. The results show that, for the proposed link budget, capacity up to 34 bit/s/Hz is achievable at a range of 200 m, with practical dimensions.
A novel power allocation scheme for orthogonal space-time block code systems

In this letter, we propose a novel power allocation scheme among transmit antennas to combat channel fading in orthogonal space-time block code systems based on the metric, amount of fading, which can be used to evaluate the severity of channel fading. Simulation results show that the proposed method can improve the fading-combating performance of orthogonal space-time block code systems significantly.
Defects and their removal in block copolymer thin film simulations

In recent years, there has been increased interest in using microphase-separated block copolymer thin films as submicrometer/suboptical masks in next generation semiconductor and magnetic media fabrication. With the goals of removing metastable defects in block copolymer thin film simulations and potentially examining equilibrium defect populations, we report on two new numerical techniques that can be used in field-theoretic computer simulations: (1) a spectral amplitude filter (SF) that encourages the simulation to relax into high symmetry states (representing zero defect states), and (2) different variants of force-biased, partial saddle point Monte Carlo algorithms that allow for barrier crossing toward lower energy defect-free states. Beyond their use for removing defects, the force-biased Monte Carlo algorithms will be seen to provide a promising tool for studying equilibrium defect populations. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 2495–2511, 2006
Multiplication of Legionella spp. in tap water containing Hartmannella vermiformis

A model was developed to study the multiplication of various Legionella spp. in tap water containing Hartmannella vermiformis. Tap water cultures prepared with the following components were suitable for the multiplication studies: Legionella spp. , 10(3) CFU/ml; H. vermiformis, 10(4.4) cysts per ml; and killed Pseudomonas paucimobilis, 10(9) cells per ml. Cocultures were incubated at 37 degrees C for at least 1 week. The following legionellae multiplied in tap water cocultures in each replicate experiment: L. bozemanii (WIGA strain), L. dumoffii (NY-23 and TX-KL strains), L. micdadei (two environmental strains), and L. pneumophila (six environmental strains and one clinical isolate). Growth yield values for these strains were 0.6 to 3.5 log CFU/ml. Legionellae which did not multiply in replicate cocultures included L. anisa (one strain), L. bozemanii (MI-15 strain), L. micdadei (a clinical isolate), L. longbeachae, (one strain), and L. pneumophila (Philadelphia 1 strain). L. gormanii and an environmental isolate of L. pneumophila multiplied in only one of three experiments. None of the legionellae multiplied in tap water containing only killed P. paucimobilis. The mean growth yield (+/- standard deviation) of H. vermiformis in the cocultures was 1.2 +/- 0.1 log units/ml. H. vermiformis supports multiplication of only particular strains of legionellae, some of which are from diverse origins.
Behavioural phenotype affects social interactions in an animal network

Animal social networks can be extremely complex and are characterized by highly non-random interactions between group members. However, very little is known about the underlying factors affecting interaction preferences, and hence network structure. One possibility is that behavioural differences between individuals, such as how bold or shy they are, can affect the frequency and distribution of their interactions within a network. We tested this using individually marked three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus), and found that bold individuals had fewer overall interactions than shy fish, but tended to distribute their interactions more evenly across all group members. Shy fish, on the other hand, tended to associate preferentially with a small number of other group members, leading to a highly skewed distribution of interactions. This was mediated by the reduced tendency of shy fish to move to a new location within the tank when they were interacting with another individual; bold fish showed no such tendency and were equally likely to move irrespective of whether they were interacting or not. The results show that animal social network structure can be affected by the behavioural composition of group members and have important implications for understanding the spread of information and disease in social groups.
Presidential Influence, Leadership Succession, and Multiple Interpretations of Organizational Change

This investigation is an examination of the impact of the president on organizational change in five community colleges. Traditionally, community college presidents are viewed as having considerable influence upon organizational functioning and are viewed as primary agents of organizational change. This study suggests, however, that how we look at presidential leadership, particularly through the interpretation of data, shapes our conclusions about presidential influence.
The Equilibrium Between Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide, and Free Sulfur.

and it is that those so obtained were than those obtained iodometric were used. See 'The Iodometric Determination of Sulfur and the Sulfites,' 6 Thomsen's is 71080. 7 This agrees derived from some preliminary investigations by M. dall on and water Mass. Inst. Tech., Boston, 1912) obtained and Bichowsky complete investigation out higher temperatures (private communication).
Puerto Rican Abusive and Non-Abusive Mothers' Beliefs About Appropriate and Inappropriate Child Discipline

Abstract This article presents the findings of a study conducted with a purposive sample of 40 abusive and non-abusive island Puerto Rican mothers about their knowledge and use of disciplinary practices. The mothers were interviewed using open-ended questions and vignettes. The questions required them to identify the behavior problems they most frequently confronted in their children; their knowledge of different disciplinary practices; and their assessment of the appropriateness or inappropriateness of child disciplinary practices. Mothers were then presented with the ten vignettes and asked to respond to the following questions: (1) How do you think each of these described situations should be managed? (2) Have you ever confronted such a problem? and (3) If so, how did you handle it? Both abusive and non-abusive mothers knew and used a wide repertoire of disciplinary practices that combined verbal-rational and punitive-controlling methods. Differences between abusive and non-abusive mothers were noted with more abusive mothers experiencing stressful socioeconomic conditions, confronting problems with their children, and more frequently, recommending and using punishments. Discussion addresses hypotheses for further research and recommendations for social work practitioners.
Using Complex Wavelet Transform and Bilateral Filtering for Image Denoising

The bilateral filter is a useful nonlinear filter which without smoothing edges, it does spatial averaging. In the literature, the effectiveness of this method for image denoising is shown. In this paper, an extension of this method is proposed which is based on complex wavelet transform. In fact, the bilateral filtering is applied to the low-frequency (approximation) subbands of the decomposed image using complex wavelet transform, while the thresholding approach is applied to the high frequency subbands. Using the bilateral filter in the complex wavelet domain forms a new image denoising framework. Experimental results for real data are provided, by which one can see the effectiveness of the proposed method in eliminating noise.