Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of Aduncisulcus paluster, a Free-Living Microaerophilic Eukaryote Belonging to the Fornicata

Aduncisulcus paluster is a free-living, unicellular flagellate belonging to the eukaryotic lineage Fornicata, which includes free-living and commensal/parasitic organisms. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of A. paluster, which provides clues for elucidating the adaptation to microaerophilic/anaerobic environments and the transition between free-living and commensal/parasitic lifestyles in Fornicata. ABSTRACT Aduncisulcus paluster is a free-living, unicellular flagellate belonging to the eukaryotic lineage Fornicata, which includes free-living and commensal/parasitic organisms. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of A. paluster, which provides clues for elucidating the adaptation to microaerophilic/anaerobic environments and the transition between free-living and commensal/parasitic lifestyles in Fornicata.
The Ionized Gas in the Aftermath of a Starburst: The Case of NGC 1569

Results from multislit optical spectroscopy of 16 H II regions and deep Hα imaging of the amorphous galaxy NGC 1569 are presented. The extinction across the main body of the galaxy, as derived from the Balmer Hα/Hβ line ratio, indicates that most of the observed extinction is taking place in our own Galaxy; the latter amounts to (AV)local = 1.61 ± 0.09, while the extinction due to NGC 1569 is (AV)intrinsic = 0.65 ± 0.04. The electron temperature was measured in three H II regions using the [O III] λ4363 line. The O/H distribution shows no gradient along the main axis of the galaxy, which is consistent with the behavior observed in other low-mass galaxies. The average metal abundance is 12 + log O/H = 8.26, with little scatter, suggesting, on one hand, that mixing mechanisms are very efficient throughout the main body of the galaxy, or, on the other, that the most recent nucleosynthetic products are hiding in a hot coronal gas phase. Up to 20% ± 4% of the global Hα emission originates from the faint diffuse halo component surrounding the main body of NGC 1569. We explore the possibility that runaway OB stars that are due to cluster ejection and associated with the burst of supernovae which ended ~5 × 106 yr ago could be responsible for most of the ionization of the halo gas.
Minimally invasive capillary blood sampling methods

ABSTRACT Introduction Whole blood samples, including arterial, venous, and capillary blood, are regularly used for disease diagnosis and monitoring. The global Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for a more resilient screening capacity. Minimally invasive sampling techniques, such as capillary blood sampling, are routinely used for point of care testing in the home healthcare setting and clinical settings such as the Intensive Care Unit with less pain and wounding than conventional venepuncture. Areas covered In this manuscript, we aim to provide a overview of state-of-the-art of techniques for obtaining samples of capillary blood. We first review both established and novel methods for releasing blood from capillaries in the skin. Next, we provide a comparison of different capillary blood sampling methods based on their mechanism, testing site, puncture size, cost, wound geometry, healing, and perceptions of pain. Finally, we overview established and new methods for enhancing capillary blood collection. Expert opinion We expect that microneedles will prove to be a preferred option for paediatric blood collection. The ability of microneedles to collect a capillary blood sample without pain will improve paediatric healthcare outcomes. Jet injection may prove to be a useful method for facilitating both blood collection and drug delivery.
Short Implicit Voice Training Affects Listening Effort During a Voice Cue Sensitivity Task With Vocoder-Degraded Speech

Objectives: Understanding speech in real life can be challenging and effortful, such as in multiple-talker listening conditions. Fundamental frequency (fo) and vocal-tract length (vtl) voice cues can help listeners segregate between talkers, enhancing speech perception in adverse listening conditions. Previous research showed lower sensitivity to fo and vtl voice cues when speech signal was degraded, such as in cochlear implant hearing and vocoder-listening compared to normal hearing, likely contributing to difficulties in understanding speech in adverse listening. Nevertheless, when multiple talkers are present, familiarity with a talker’s voice, via training or exposure, could provide a speech intelligibility benefit. In this study, the objective was to assess how an implicit short-term voice training could affect perceptual discrimination of voice cues (fo+vtl), measured in sensitivity and listening effort, with or without vocoder degradations. Design: Voice training was provided via listening to a recording of a book segment for approximately 30 min, and answering text-related questions, to ensure engagement. Just-noticeable differences (JNDs) for fo+vtl were measured with an odd-one-out task implemented as a 3-alternative forced-choice adaptive paradigm, while simultaneously collecting pupil data. The reference voice either belonged to the trained voice or an untrained voice. Effects of voice training (trained and untrained voice), vocoding (non-vocoded and vocoded), and item variability (fixed or variable consonant-vowel triplets presented across three items) on voice cue sensitivity (fo+vtl JNDs) and listening effort (pupillometry measurements) were analyzed. Results: Results showed that voice training did not have a significant effect on voice cue discrimination. As expected, fo+vtl JNDs were significantly larger for vocoded conditions than for non-vocoded conditions and with variable item presentations than fixed item presentations. Generalized additive mixed models analysis of pupil dilation over the time course of stimulus presentation showed that pupil dilation was significantly larger during fo+vtl discrimination while listening to untrained voices compared to trained voices, but only for vocoder-degraded speech. Peak pupil dilation was significantly larger for vocoded conditions compared to non-vocoded conditions and variable items increased the pupil baseline relative to fixed items, which could suggest a higher anticipated task difficulty. Conclusions: In this study, even though short voice training did not lead to improved sensitivity to small fo+vtl voice cue differences at the discrimination threshold level, voice training still resulted in reduced listening effort for discrimination among vocoded voice cues.
The ecological discourse analysis of news discourse based on deep learning from the perspective of ecological philosophy

Recently, ecological damage and environmental pollution have become increasingly serious. Experts in various fields have started to study related issues from diverse points of view. To prevent the accelerated deterioration of the ecological environment, ecolinguistics emerged. Eco-critical discourse analysis is one of the important parts of ecolinguistics research, that is, it is a critical discourse analysis of the use of language from the perspective of the language’s ecological environment. Firstly, an ecological tone and modality system are constructed from an ecological perspective. Under the guidance of the ecological philosophy of "equality, harmony, and symbiosis", this study conducts an ecological discourse analysis on the Sino-US trade friction reports, aiming to present the similarities and differences between the two newspapers’ trade friction discourses and to reveal the ecological significance of international ecological factors in the discourse. Secondly, this method establishes a vector expression of abstract words based on emotion dictionary resources and introduces emotion polarity and part-of-speech features of words. Then the word vector is formed into the text feature matrix, which is used as the input of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, and the Back Propagation algorithm is adopted to train the model. Finally, in the light of the trained CNN model, the unlabeled news is predicted, and the experimental results are analyzed. The results reveal that during the training process of Chinese and English datasets, the accuracy of the training set can reach nearly 100%, and the loss rate can be reduced to 0. On the test set, the classification accuracy of Chinese text can reach 83%, while that of English text can reach 90%, and the experimental results are ideal. This study provides an explanatory approach for ecological discourse analysis on the news reports of Sino-US trade frictions and has certain guiding significance for the comparative research on political news reports under different ideologies between China and the United States.
The Prevalence and Predictors of Compassion Satisfaction, Burnout and Secondary Traumatic Stress in Registered Nurses in an Eastern Canadian Province: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background The quality of Registered Nurses’ worklife is impacting nurses’ mental health, and the standard of care received by clients. Contributing factors to nurses’ stress are the trauma of continuous caring for those in great suffering, and adverse working conditions. Objectives i) to explore the prevalence of work-related stress in a provincial sample of Registered Nurses; ii) to compare the levels of compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress reported by nurses in hospital, community, non-direct care settings, and, iii) to identify factors that predict levels of nursing work stress. Methods A descriptive, predictive study with a self-report survey containing demographic questions and the Professional Quality of Life Scale was emailed to over 3,300 Registered Nurses. The scale measured the prevalence of three worklife indicators, compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Multiple linear regression identified factors that predicted the levels of the three indicators. A subgroup analysis explored the quality of worklife based on three practice environments. Findings Nurses (n = 661) reported moderate compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. The strongest predictor, satisfaction with one's current job, predicted high compassion satisfaction and lower burnout and secondary stress. The subgroup analysis identified hospital nurses as having the most work-related stress and the lowest level of compassion satisfaction. Conclusion Innovative, collaborative action can transform nurses’ practice environments. Organizational support is essential to bring about needed improvements.
A novel exact two-point field equation (2PFE) for solving electromagnetic scattering problems

The finite-difference (FD) method is a basic technique for solving differential equations. The disadvantage of it for electromagnetic (EM) problems of an open region is that the mesh needs to be terminated with the application of a proper boundary condition. In this paper, a novel exact two-point field equation (2PFE) is derived from rigorous analysis of the radiation field and it is proposed to be used as the termination boundary condition (BC) for solving EM scattering problems in the open region by the iterative FD method. This 2PFE-BC approaches its exact solution through the iteration process and, at the same time, the scattered field and the induced current density approach their exact solutions. The novel 2PFE is simple in concept and easy to apply. The validity of the 2PFE and the iterative FD method has been tested. Several two-dimensional (2-D) scattering problems have been successfully solved. The results agree very well with those obtained by method of moments (MoM) or measured equation of invariance (MEI).
Spectra of Hypergraphs and Applications

Abstract To a regular hypergraph we attach an operator, called its adjacency matrix, and study the second largest eigenvalue as well as the overall distribution of the spectrum of this operator. Our definition and results extend naturally what is known for graphs, including the analogous threshold bound[formula]for k -regular graphs. As an application of our results, we obtain asymptotic behavior, as N tends to infinity, of the dimension of the space generated by classical cusp forms of weight 2 level N and trivial character which are eigenfunctions of a fixed Hecke operator T p with integral eigenvalues.
Compact Embeddings of Besov Spaces in Exponential Orlicz Spaces

Let 1 < p < ∞, 0 < v < p′, let Ω be a bounded domain in Rn, and denote by idΩ the limiting compact embedding of the Besov space Bppn/p (Rn) into the exponential Orlicz space Lexp(tv)(Ω), mapping a function f onto its restriction f|Ω. In 1993 Triebel established, among others, two‐sided estimates for the entropy numbers of idΩ, which are even asymptotically optimal for ‘small’ ν. The aim of the paper is to improve the upper bounds in the case of ‘large’ ν, where Triebel's estimates are not yet sharp, thus making a further step towards the conjectured correct asymptotic behaviour.
Two sisters with cardiac‐urogenital syndrome secondary to pathogenic splicing variant in the MYRF gene with unaffected parents: A case of gonadal mosaicism?

Cardiac‐urogenital syndrome [MIM # 618280] is a newly described very rare syndrome associated with pathogenic variants in the myelin regulatory factor (MYRF) gene that leads to loss of protein function. MYRF is a transcription factor previously associated only with the control of myelin‐related gene expression. However, it is also highly expressed in other tissues and associated with various organ anomalies. The clinical picture is primarily dominated by complex congenital cardiac developmental defects, pulmonary hypoplasia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and urogenital malformations.
Reinforcement amid genetic diversity in the Candida albicans biofilm regulatory network

Biofilms of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans include abundant long filaments called hyphae. These cells express hypha-associated genes, which specify diverse virulence functions including surface adhesins that ensure biofilm integrity. Biofilm formation, virulence, and hypha-associated gene expression all depend upon the transcription factor Efg1. This transcription factor has been characterized extensively in the C. albicans type strain SC5314 and derivatives, but only recently has its function been explored in other clinical isolates. Here we define a principal set of Efg1-responsive genes whose expression is significantly altered by an efg1Δ/Δ mutation across 17 clinical isolates. This principal gene set includes 68 direct Efg1 targets, whose 5’ regions are bound by Efg1 in five clinical isolates, and 42 indirect Efg1 targets, whose 5’ regions are not detectably bound by Efg1. Three direct Efg1 target genes encode transcription factors—BRG1, UME6, and WOR3 –whose increased expression in an efg1Δ/Δ mutant restores expression of multiple indirect and direct principal targets, as well as biofilm formation ability. Although BRG1 and UME6 are well known positive regulators of hypha-associated genes and biofilm formation, WOR3 is best known as an antagonist of Efg1 in the sexual mating pathway. We confirm the positive role of WOR3 in biofilm formation with the finding that a wor3Δ/Δ mutation impairs biofilm formation in vitro and in an in vivo biofilm model. Positive control of Efg1 direct target genes by other Efg1 direct target genes–BRG1, UME6, and WOR3 –may buffer principal Efg1-responsive gene expression against the impact of genetic variation in the C. albicans species.
Draft Genome Sequence of Listeria monocytogenes Clonal Complex 1 Strain SNU3 from South Korea

Currently, only limited knowledge is available about the genetic diversity of the hypervirulent clonal complex 1 (CC1) of Listeria monocytogenes from Asia. In this study, we report the draft genome sequence of an L. monocytogenes CC1 strain (SNU3) from Seoul, South Korea. ABSTRACT Currently, only limited knowledge is available about the genetic diversity of the hypervirulent clonal complex 1 (CC1) of Listeria monocytogenes from Asia. In this study, we report the draft genome sequence of an L. monocytogenes CC1 strain (SNU3) from Seoul, South Korea.
Time trends in prevalence of p16 positivity and combined HPV/p16 positivity in a large cohort of Danish vulvar cancer patients

Vulvar cancer is rare, but causes substantial morbidity in affected patients. A subset of vulvar cancers is caused by high‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV), which primarily exerts its oncogenic effect through upregulation of tumor suppressor protein p16. Tumors positive for both hrHPV and p16 (double positive) are assumed to be HPV‐driven, but only few large studies have investigated the combined prevalence of hrHPV and p16 positivity in vulvar cancer over time. In this Danish cross‐sectional study, we assessed the prevalence of p16 positivity and double positivity for hrHPV and p16 in a large sample of vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (VSCCs) diagnosed during 1990 to 2017. In a nationwide register, we identified VSCCs from 13 hospitals across Denmark, and collected archival tumor tissue for hrHPV testing with INNO‐LiPA and immunohistochemical p16 staining. We calculated the prevalence of hrHPV, p16 positivity and double positivity according to time, age and histological subtype and evaluated time trends through estimated annual percentage changes. We included 1278 VSCCs. Overall, 35.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 32.4‐37.6) were positive for p16 and 31.0% (95% CI: 28.4‐33.5) were positive for both hrHPV and p16. The prevalence of p16 positivity and double positivity increased over time, both in women aged ≤59 and ≥60 years. The double positive prevalence was higher in nonkeratinizing (60.7%) and warty/basaloid VSCCs (67.5%) than in keratinizing (16.1%) and verrucous VSCCs (5.0%). These results indicate that approximately one‐third of vulvar cancers were caused by hrHPV infection, supporting a substantial preventive potential of the HPV vaccine.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Putatively Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli Strain Isolated from Calf Intestine in Boyacá, Colombia

A draft genome of the putatively antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli strain ANGUJ1, which was isolated from calf intestine from Boyacá, Colombia, is reported. The genome possessed genetic determinants for antibiotic resistance and multicompound resistance efflux pumps. In silico prediction analysis suggests phenotypic resistance to six classes of antibiotics plus aldehyde and peroxide. ABSTRACT A draft genome of the putatively antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli strain ANGUJ1, which was isolated from calf intestine from Boyacá, Colombia, is reported. The genome possessed genetic determinants for antibiotic resistance and multicompound resistance efflux pumps. In silico prediction analysis suggests phenotypic resistance to six classes of antibiotics plus aldehyde and peroxide.
Distortion of a Crystal by Point Imperfections

The expression u=c r/r 3, (where c is a constant) sometimes assumed for the displacement around a point imperfection (interstitial or substitutional impurity, lattice vacancy) gives a nonzero stress at the surface of the solid. The additional ``image displacement'' necessary to insure that this stress vanishes is usually neglected, but may be important. For example, it accounts for from 30 to 50 percent of the volume change produced by such defects. This and other effects of the image term are discussed. Miller and Russel have pointed out that for a point imperfection near the center of a sphere the apparent volume change deduced from measurements of the x‐ray lattice constant is greater than the geometrical volume change. It is shown that the reverse is true when the defect is near the surface, and that for a large number of defectsscattered uniformly through the sphere the geometrical and x‐ray expansions are equal. It can be shown quite generally that a body of arbitrary shape is expanded uniformly by a statistically uniform distribution of point imperfections, and that the x‐ray diffraction pattern is altered in the way to be expected for such an expansion. To establish this, however, it is essential to take the image terms into account.
Early long-period comets: their discovery and flux

By analysing recent comet catalogues, it is found that the flux of long-period comets to the inner solar system has been reasonably constant throughout the last two millennia. There is no evidence of periods of enhanced activity, or comet showers. The acuity of northern hemisphere naked-eye observers throughout the era of pre-telescopic astronomy was such that they were capable of observing 0.903 ′ 0.088 long-period comets per year. This rate was not achieved in practice, but the combined efforts of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Middle Eastern, European and North African observers got fairly close between AD 1355 and AD 1600 with a discovery rate of about 0.75 yr - 1 . The mean apparent magnitude of these historic long-period comets at discovery is estimated to be about 1.98 ′ 0.17, bright enough to change the form of a well-known constellation.
Mitochondrial remodelling is essential for female germ cell differentiation and survival

Stem cells often possess immature mitochondria with few inner membrane invaginations, which increase as stem cells differentiate. Despite this being a conserved feature across many stem cell types in numerous organisms, how and why mitochondria undergo such remodelling during stem cell differentiation has remained unclear. Here, using Drosophila germline stem cells (GSCs), we show that Complex V drives mitochondrial remodelling during the early stages of GSC differentiation, prior to terminal differentiation. This endows germline mitochondria with the capacity to generate large amounts of ATP required for later egg growth and development. Interestingly, impairing mitochondrial remodelling prior to terminal differentiation results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lipid bilayer stress, Protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK)-mediated activation of the Integrated Stress Response (ISR) and germ cell death. Taken together, our data suggest that mitochondrial remodelling is an essential and tightly integrated aspect of stem cell differentiation. This work sheds light on the potential impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on stem and germ cell function, highlighting ER lipid bilayer stress as a potential major driver of phenotypes caused by mitochondrial dysfunction.
An ecological and epidemiological single‐season survey of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia positive ticks in Victoria Falls National Park, Zimbabwe

There is an urgent need for continued research on the ecology of tick‐borne diseases in Africa. Our objective was to provide a preliminary description of the ecology and epidemiology of tick species, tick‐borne pathogens, and animal hosts in Zimbabwe, focusing efforts at Victoria Falls National Park, for a single season. We tested the hypothesis that tick surveillance and pathogen screening data can be used to model associations among ticks, hosts, and pathogens. We collected ticks from domesticated animals and wildlife in Zimbabwe and screened the ticks for the presence of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia bacteria. Nearly 30% of the screened ticks were PCR‐positive; 89% of tick species were PCR‐positive, and 88% of animal species carried at least one PCR‐positive tick. We sequenced a subset of amplicons that were similar to three Anaplasma species and three Ehrlichia species. The odds of a tick being PCR‐positive increased when many ticks were collected from the host or the tick was collected from a cow (domesticated animal). Tick species shared host species more often than expected. We demonstrate that ticks in northwestern Zimbabwe present a One Health problem for nearby wildlife and humans.