Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of autumn diurnal freeze–thaw cycles on soil bacteria and greenhouse gases in the permafrost regions

Understanding the impacts of diurnal freeze–thaw cycles (DFTCs) on soil microorganisms and greenhouse gas emissions is crucial for assessing soil carbon and nitrogen cycles in the alpine ecosystems. However, relevant studies in the permafrost regions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) are still lacking. In this study, we used high-throughput pyrosequencing and static chamber-gas chromatogram to study the changes in topsoil bacteria and fluxes of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), during autumn DFTCs in the permafrost regions of the Shule River headwaters on the western part of Qilian Mountains, northeast margin of the QTP. The results showed that the bacterial communities contained a total of 35 phyla, 88 classes, 128 orders, 153 families, 176 genera, and 113 species. The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Gemmatimonadetes. Two DFTCs led to a trend of increasing bacterial diversity and significant changes in the relative abundance of 17 known bacteria at the family, genus, and species levels. These were predominantly influenced by soil temperature, water content, and salinity. In addition, CO2 flux significantly increased while CH4 flux distinctly decreased, and N2O flux tended to increase after two DFTCs, with soil bacteria being the primary affecting variable. This study can provide a scientific insight into the impact of climate change on biogeochemical cycles of the QTP.
Exogenous melatonin treatment affects ascorbic acid metabolism in postharvest ‘Jinyan’ kiwifruit

Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an important nutritious substance in fruits, and it also can maintain the biological activity of fruits during storage. This research investigated the effect of exogenous melatonin (MT) on AsA metabolism in postharvest kiwifruit. Our results indicated that exogenous MT delayed the decrease of fruit firmness and titratable acid (TA), inhibited the increase of soluble solids content (SSC), reduced the respiration rate and ethylene production, and maintained a higher AsA content in kiwifruit during storage. The high expression of L-galactose pathway key genes in the early storage and regeneration genes in the later storage maintained the AsA content in postharvest kiwifruit. MT treatment enhanced the expression levels of AsA biosynthesis (AcGME2, AcGalDH, and AcGalLDH) and regeneration (AcGR, AcDHAR, and AcMDHAR1) genes. Meanwhile, the expression of the degradation gene AcAO was inhibited in MT-treated kiwifruits.
Transcriptional responses indicate acclimation to prolonged deoxygenation in the coral Stylophora pistillata

The current decrease in oceanic dissolved oxygen is a widespread and pressing problem that raises concern as to how marine biota in general, and coral reefs in particular will be affected. However, the molecular response underlying tolerance of corals to prolonged severe deoxygenation where acclimation to hypoxia can accrue is not yet known. Here, we investigated the effect of two weeks of continuous exposure to conditions of extreme deoxygenation, not hitherto exerted under laboratory conditions (~ 0.35 mg L−1 dissolved oxygen), on the physiology and the diurnal gene expression of the coral, Stylophora pistillata. Deoxygenation had no physiologically significant effect on tissue loss, calcification rates, symbiont numbers, symbiont chlorophyll-a content and symbiont photosynthesis rate. However, deoxygenation evoked a significant transcriptional response that was much stronger at night, showing an acute early response followed by acclimation after two weeks. Acclimation included increased mitochondria DNA copy numbers, possibly increasing energy production. Gene expression indicated that the uptake of symbiosis-derived components was increased together with a decrease in nematocyst formation, suggesting that prolonged deoxygenation could enhance the corals’ need for symbiosis-derived components and reduces its predation abilities. Coral orthologs of the conserved hypoxia pathway, including oxygen sensors, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and its target genes were differentially expressed in a similar temporal sequence as observed in other metazoans including other species of corals. Overall, our studies show that by utilizing highly conserved and coral–specific response mechanisms, S. pistillata can acclimate to deoxygenation and possibly survive under climate change-driven oceanic deoxygenation. On the other hand, the critical importance of algal symbionts in this acclimation suggests that any environmental perturbations that disrupt such symbiosis might negatively affect the ability of corals to withstand ocean oxygen depletion.
Effect of dietary inflammatory potential on the aging acceleration for cardiometabolic disease: A population-based study

Background/Aim Optimized dietary patterns have been considered an important determinant of delaying aging in cardiometabolic disease (CMD). Dietary pattern with high-level dietary inflammatory potential is a key risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, and has drawn increasing attention. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary pattern with high dietary inflammatory potential was associated with aging acceleration in cardiometabolic disease. Materials and methods We analyzed the cross-sectional data from six survey cycles (1999–2000, 2001–2002, 2003–2004, 2005–2006, 2007–2008, and 2009–2010) of the National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES). A total of 16,681 non-institutionalized adults and non-pregnant females with CMD were included in this study. Dietary inflammatory index (DII) was used to assess the dietary inflammatory potential. The two age acceleration biomarkers were calculated by the residuals from regressing chronologic age on Klemera-Doubal method biological age (KDM BioAge) or Phenotypic Age (PhenoAge), termed “KDMAccel” and “PhenoAgeAccel. ” A multivariable linear regression accounting for multistage survey design and sampling weights was used in different models to investigate the association between DII and aging acceleration. Four sensitivity analyses were used to ensure the robustness of our results. Besides, we also analyzed the anti-aging effects of DASH-type dietary pattern and “Life’s Simple 7”. Results For 16,681 participants with CMD, compared with the first tertile of DII after adjusting for all potential confounders, the patients with second tertile of DII showed a 1.02-years increase in KDMAccel and 0.63-years increase in PhenoAgeAccel (KDMAccel, β = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.64 to 1.41, P < 0.001; PhenoAgeAccel, β = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.44 to 0.82, P < 0.001), while the patients with the third tertile of DII showed a 1.48-years increase in KDMAccel and 1.22-years increase in PhenoAgeAccel (KDMAccel, β = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.94, P < 0.001; PhenoAgeAccel, β = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.43, P < 0.001). In addition, DASH-type dietary pattern was associated with a 0.57-years reduction in KDMAccel (β = −0.57, 95% CI = −1.08 to −0.06, P = 0.031) and a 0.54-years reduction in PhenoAgeAccel (β = −0.54, 95% CI = −0.80 to −0.28, P < 0.001). The each one-unit increase in CVH score was associated with a 1.58-years decrease in KDMAccel (β = −1.58, 95% CI = −1.68 to −1.49, P < 0.001) and a 0.36-years in PhenoAgeAccel (β = −0.36, 95% CI = −0.41 to −0.31, P < 0.001). Conclusion Among CMD, the dietary pattern with high dietary inflammatory potential was association with aging acceleration, and the anti-aging potential of DASH-type dietary pattern and “Life’s Simple 7” should also be given attention, but these observations require future prospective validation.
Climate-responsive DNA methylation is involved in the biosynthesis of lignin in birch

Lignin is one of the most important secondary metabolites and essential to the formation of cell walls. Changes in lignin biosynthesis have been reported to be associated with environmental variations and can influence plant fitness and their adaptation to abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the relations between the lignin biosynthesis and environmental factors and explored the role of epigenetic modification (DNA methylation) in contributing to these relations if any in natural birch. Significantly negative correlations were observed between the lignin content and temperature ranges. Analyzing the transcriptomes of birches in two habitats with different temperature ranges showed that the expressions of genes and transcription factors (TFs) involving lignin biosynthesis were significantly reduced at higher temperature ranges. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing revealed that promoter DNA methylation of two NAC-domain TFs, BpNST1/2 and BpSND1, may be involved in the inhibition of these gene expressions, and thereby reduced the content of lignin. Based on these results we proposed a DNA methylation-mediated lignin biosynthesis model which responds to environmental factors. Overall, this study suggests the possibility of environmental signals to induce epigenetic variations that result in changes in lignin content, which can aid to develop resilient plants to combat ongoing climate changes or to manipulate secondary metabolite biosynthesis for agricultural, medicinal, or industrial values.
The formation and evolution of synthetic jets

A nominally plane turbulent jet is synthesized by the interactions of a train of counter-rotating vortex pairs that are formed at the edge of an orifice by the time-periodic motion of a flexible diaphragm in a sealed cavity. Even though the jet is formed without net mass injection, the hydrodynamic impulse of the ejected fluid and thus the momentum of the ensuing jet are nonzero. Successive vortex pairs are not subjected to pairing or other subharmonic interactions. Each vortex of the pair develops a spanwise instability and ultimately undergoes transition to turbulence, slows down, loses its coherence and becomes indistinguishable from the mean jet flow. The trajectories of vortex pairs at a given formation frequency scale with the length of the ejected fluid slug regardless of the magnitude of the formation impulse and, near the jet exit plane, their celerity decreases monotonically with streamwise distance while the local mean velocity of the ensuing jet increases. In the far field, the synthetic jet i.
Thermoregulation mechanisms and perspectives for validating thermal windows in pigs with hypothermia and hyperthermia: An overview

Specific anatomical characteristics make the porcine species especially sensitive to extreme temperature changes, predisposing them to pathologies and even death due to thermal stress. Interest in improving animal welfare and porcine productivity has led to the development of various lines of research that seek to understand the effect of certain environmental conditions on productivity and the impact of implementing strategies designed to mitigate adverse effects. The non-invasive infrared thermography technique is one of the tools most widely used to carry out these studies, based on detecting changes in microcirculation. However, evaluations using this tool require reliable thermal windows; this can be challenging because several factors can affect the sensitivity and specificity of the regions selected. This review discusses the thermal windows used with domestic pigs and the association of thermal changes in these regions with the thermoregulatory capacity of piglets and hogs.
Involvement of the sensorimotor system in less advanced L2 processing: Evidence from a semantic category decision task

There is increasing evidence indicating that the sensorimotor system is involved in advanced L2 processing, which raises the question of what role sensorimotor information plays in the course of less advanced L2 comprehension. In the current study, two experiments were conducted using a lexical decision task (LDT) and semantic category task (SCT). The results showed that, in the LDT, a task more likely to result in participants making judgments based on the physical properties of words (e.g., familiarity, orthography), “up” words (e.g., sun, plane) did not result in faster upward than downward responses, and “down” words (e.g., tunnel, cave) also did not result in faster downward than upward responses. In the SCT, compatibility effects were found; specifically, searching for the up target after “up” words was faster than after “down” words and searching for the bottom target after “down” words was faster than after “upward-pointing” words. Hence, we concluded that L2 sensorimotor association, at least for L2 with low proficiency, not automatic in nature and is dependent upon deeper semantic task demands.
The biological alterations of synapse/synapse formation in sepsis-associated encephalopathy

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common complication caused by sepsis, and is responsible for increased mortality and poor outcomes in septic patients. Neurological dysfunction is one of the main manifestations of SAE patients. Patients may still have long-term cognitive impairment after hospital discharge, and the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we first outline the pathophysiological changes of SAE, including neuroinflammation, glial activation, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. Synapse dysfunction is one of the main contributors leading to neurological impairment. Therefore, we summarized SAE-induced synaptic dysfunction, such as synaptic plasticity inhibition, neurotransmitter imbalance, and synapses loss. Finally, we discuss the alterations in the synapse, synapse formation, and mediators associated with synapse formation during SAE. In this review, we focus on the changes in synapse/synapse formation caused by SAE, which can further understand the synaptic dysfunction associated with neurological impairment in SAE and provide important insights for exploring appropriate therapeutic targets of SAE.
Negative workplace gossip and turnover intention among Chinese rural preschool teachers: The mediation of ego depletion and the moderation of bianzhi

Introduction In China, the high turnover rates of teachers have become one of the biggest obstacles to the development of rural preschool education. Objective: Based on the social information processing theory and the strength model of selfcontrol, this study examined the relationship between negative workplace gossip and turnover intention and the role of ego depletion and bianzhi in this relationship. Methods The questionnaire method was applied, and 411 rural preschool teachers in Hubei Province, China, participated in the survey. Results The correlation results showed that negative workplace gossip was positively correlated with ego depletion, and ego depletion was positively correlated with turnover intention. After controlling for age, negative workplace gossip positively predicted turnover intention. The mediation analysis indicated that ego depletion played a mediating role in the relationship between negative workplace gossip and turnover intention. Moreover, the mediation effect was moderated by bianzhi. Negative workplace gossip had a stronger effect on the ego depletion of teachers without bianzhi than on that of teachers with bianzhi. Conclusion The current research is the first to clarify that ego depletion mediates the relationship between negative workplace gossip and turnover intention, and the mediation effect is moderated via bianzhi. These findings expand our understanding of the influential factors and formation mechanisms of turnover intention. In practice, this study provides a novel perspective for policymakers and administrators to reduce the turnover intention among rural preschool teachers in China.
Autonomic imbalance and atrial ectopic activity—a pathophysiological and clinical view

The heart is one of the most richly innervated organs and the impact of the complex cardiac autonomic network on atrial electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis, including on atrial ectopy, is widely recognized. The aim of this review is to discuss the main mechanisms involved in atrial ectopic activity. An overview of the anatomic and physiological aspects of the cardiac autonomic nervous system is provided as well as a discussion of the main pathophysiological pathways linking autonomic imbalance and atrial ectopic activity. The most relevant data on cardiac neuromodulation strategies are emphasized. Unanswered questions and hotspots for future research are also identified.
Visfatin is a multifaceted molecule that exerts regulation effects on inflammation and apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells and mice immune organs

Visfatin, a multifunctional adipocytokine, is particularly important in the regulation of apoptosis and inflammation through an unidentified mechanism. Clarifying the control mechanisms of visfatin on inflammation and apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells and mice immunological organs was the goal of the current investigation. In order to create a pathophysiological model, the RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with 200 ng/mL visfatin and 20 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS), either separately or combined. The effects of exogenous visfatin on inflammation and apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells were investigated by flow cytometry assay, RNA-seq analysis and fluorescence quantitative PCR. According to the findings, exogenous visfatin exhibits dual effects on inflammation by modulating the expression of IL-1α, TNFRSF1B, and LIF as well as taking part in various signaling pathways, including the MAPK and Rap1 signaling pathways. By controlling the expression levels of Bcl2l1, Bcl2a1a, and Fas and primarily participating in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and Hippo signaling pathway, exogenous visfatin can inhibit apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells. The visfatin inhibitor FK866 was used to further confirm the effects of visfatin on inflammation and apoptosis in mice immune organs. Subsequently, mice spleen and thymus were collected. It is interesting to note that in LPS-treated mice, suppression of endogenous visfatin might worsen the immune system’s inflammatory response and even result in rapid mortality. Additionally, endogenous visfatin promotes the apoptosis in mice immune organs by regulating the expression levels of Bcl2l1, Fas, Caspase 3, Bcl2a1a, and Bax. Together, these results imply that visfatin is a multifaceted molecule that regulates inflammation and apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells and mice immunological organs by taking part in a variety of biological processes and regulating the amounts of associated cytokines expression. Our findings offer additional understandings of how visfatin affects apoptosis and inflammation.
miR-615 facilitates porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication by targeting IRAK1 to inhibit type III interferon expression

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in the Coronavirus family is a highly contagious enteric pathogen in the swine industry, which has evolved mechanisms to evade host innate immune responses. The PEDV-mediated inhibition of interferons (IFNs) has been linked to the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in virus–host interactions and IFN-I regulation. However, the mechanism by which the PEDV regulates IFN during PEDV infection has not yet been investigated in its natural target cells. We here report a novel mechanism of viral immune escape involving miR-615, which was screened from a high-throughput sequencing library of porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) infected with PEDV. PEDV infection altered the profiles of miRNAs and the activities of several pathways involved in innate immunity. Overexpression of miR-615 increased PEDV replication, inhibited IFN expression, downregulated the NF-κB pathway, and blocked p65 nuclear translocation. In contrast, knockdown of miR-615 enhanced IFN expression, suppressed PEDV replication, and activated the NF-κB pathway. We further determined that IRAK1 is the target gene of miR-615 in IECs. Our findings show that miR-615 suppresses activation of the NF-κB pathway by suppressing the IRAK1 protein and reducing the generation of IFN-IIIs, which in turn facilitates PEDV infection in IECs. Moreover, miR-615 inhibited PEDV replication and NF-κB pathway activation in both IECs and MARC-145 cells. These findings support an important role for miR-615 in the innate immune regulation of PEDV infections and provide a novel perspective for developing new treatments.
Clinical benefit of sodium-glucose transport protein-2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure: An updated meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

To assess whether the current body of accumulated data can give convincing evidence in favor of sodium-glucose transport protein-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) in all types of heart failure (HF). We searched for randomized controlled trials contrasting the effectiveness of SGLT-2i to placebo or other hypoglycemic medications on clinicaltrials.gov, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library database. To gauge effect size, hazard ratios (HR) were employed as measurements. The composite outcome of cardiovascular death or hospitalization owing to HF was the primary endpoint. Eleven studies were included. In comparison to the control group, the data demonstrated that SGLT-2i is related with a decreased incidence of composite outcome (HR: 0.77, 95% CIs: 0.73–0.81, I2 = 0%, P < 0.01), CV death (HR: 0.87, 95% CIs: 0.81–0.94, I2 = 3%, P < 0.01), all-cause mortality (HR: 0.90, 95% CIs: 0.84–0.96, I2 = 10%, P < 0.01), and hospitalization due to HF (HHF) (HR: 0.70, 95% CIs: 0.66–0.75, I2 = 0%, P < 0.01). The trial sequential analysis found strong evidence of a decrease in the incidence of all clinical outcomes with SGLT-2i when compared to the control group. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that the association between SGLT-2i and clinical outcome was independent of population characteristics. We confirm that the present evidence supports the use of SGLT-2i in a wide range of HF patients. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/#recordDetails], identifier [CRD42022333279].