Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Rhizophora mucronata along Coastal Areas in Thailand

Simple Summary In order to examine the genetic diversity and population structure of the Rhizophora mucronata population in Thailand, we utilized 10× Genomics technology to obtain a comprehensive whole-genome sequence, and restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) to genotype the population. Using SNPs discovered from the R. mucronata genome sequence, we detected moderate levels of genetic diversity and differentiation across 80 R. mucronata accessions collected from the coastal regions of Thailand. Both population structure and principal component analysis (PCA) converged on a clustering of two subpopulations. However, the results of two genetic groups did not correspond to the Gulf of Thailand or the Andaman Sea. Several factors could have influenced the R. mucronata genetic pattern, such as hybridization and anthropogenic factors. Abstract Unique and biodiverse, mangrove ecosystems provide humans with benefits and contribute to coastal protection. Rhizophora mucronata, a member of the Rhizophoraceae family, is prevalent in the mangrove forests of Thailand. R. mucronata’s population structure and genetic diversity have received scant attention. Here, we sequenced the entire genome of R. mucronata using 10× Genomics technology and obtained an assembly size of 219 Mb with the N50 length of 542,540 bases. Using 2857 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, this study investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 80 R. mucronata accessions obtained from the mangrove forests in Thailand. The genetic diversity of R. mucronata was moderate (I = 0.573, Ho = 0.619, He = 0.391). Two subpopulations were observed and confirmed from both population structure and principal component analysis (PCA). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that there was more variation within populations than between them. Mean pairwise genetic differentiation (FST = 0.09) showed that there was not much genetic difference between populations. Intriguingly, the predominant clustering pattern in the R. mucronata population did not correspond to the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea, which are separated by the Malay Peninsula. Several factors could have influenced the R. mucronata genetic pattern, such as hybridization and anthropogenic factors. This research will provide important information for the future conservation and management of R. mucronata in Thailand.
Retrieving Stratocumulus Drizzle Parameters Using Doppler Radar and Lidar

Abstract Stratocumulus is one of the most common cloud types globally, with a profound effect on the earth’s radiation budget, and the drizzle process is fundamental in understanding the evolution of these boundary layer clouds. In this paper a combination of 94-GHz Doppler radar and backscatter lidar is used to investigate the microphysical properties of drizzle falling below the base of stratocumulus clouds. The ratio of the radar to lidar backscatter power is proportional to the fourth power of mean size, and so potentially it can provide an accurate size estimate. Information about the shape of the drop size distribution is then inferred from the Doppler spectral width. The algorithm estimates vertical profiles of drizzle parameters such as liquid water content, liquid water flux, and vertical air velocity, assuming that the drizzle size spectrum may be represented by a gamma distribution. The depletion time scale of cloud liquid water through the drizzle process can be estimated when the liquid water.
The Study on Modeling of Global Plasmaspheric Hiss Amplitude Based on Deep Learning Algorithm

Plasmaspheric hiss waves make great significance on the loss of electrons in the Earth's radiation belts. The prediction and reconstruction for global evolution plasmaspheric hiss are critical to investigate the dynamic process of radiation belt. In this study, the realistic variation model of plasmaspheric waves is established based on deep learning technology. Using Light Gradient Boosting Machine and Permutation Importance methods, we first select optimal indices and corresponding historical time series associated with variation of plasmaspheric hiss waves. Then the geomagnetic indices in corresponding time series are considered as input of deep neural network model, and the samples of plasmaspheric hiss waves observed from Van Allen Probe A are utilized for training and validation. The result indicates that the model can roughly reproduce the variation of integrated hiss wave amplitude during geomagnetic storm. Based on the model, we analyze the global evolution of hiss waves during a geomagnetic storm event. In addition, we find that the prediction performance has been greatly improved with the addition of in situ density as an auxiliary input parameter, it provides a new idea of establishing higher accuracy model with auxiliary input of other characteristic parameters.
Investigation of multiple-baseline stereovision for state estimation of unknown dynamic space targets

Estimating the pose, motion, and structure of noncooperative dynamic targets using on board sensors is a challenging problem. This work suggests using multiple-baseline stereovision for noncooperative dynamic target relative pose, motion, and structure estimation, with a particular emphasis on space applications. A computer-vision feature-matching algorithm is designed, which produces input data for a recursive filtering algorithm. A newly-developed initialization scheme is proposed, which decreases the ambiguity in the target center of mass location. An extensive numerical study is provided, comparing between two estimators and different relative motion models. It is shown that a simple kinematic model can work well when combined with initial structure estimation. The effect of varying the number of cameras and stereo-rig geometry is investigated. The proposed vision-based relative motion estimation method was validated at the Technion’s Distributed Space Systems Laboratory. A scalability analysis indicates that the proposed method may be potentially useful for space applications.
Graphene and boron nitride foams for smart functional applications

Graphene and boron nitride (BN) foams, as two types of three‐dimensional (3D) nanomaterials consisting of two‐dimensional (2D) nanosheets, can inherit a series of excellent properties of the 2D individuals. The internal 3D network can prevent aggregation or restacking between isolated graphene or BN nanosheets, and provide a highway for phonon/electron transports. Moreover, the interconnected porous structure creates a continual channel for the mass exchange of exotic species. The light‐element graphene and BN foams can thus possess the characteristics of low density, high porosity, high surface area, and excellent mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Benefiting from these advantages, they show a wide range of applications. The usual synthesis methods and the recent functional applications of graphene and BN foams are reviewed herein, including their applications as supporting materials, elastic materials, acoustic shielding materials, thermal interface materials, electromagnetic shielding materials, adsorption materials, electrocatalysis and thermal catalyses materials, electrochemical energy storage, and thermal energy storage materials. Current challenges and outlooks are additionally discussed.
A New Species Agrocybe striatipes, also a Newly Commercially Cultivated Mushroom with Highly Nutritional and Healthy Values

The species of Agrocybe (Strophariaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes) are saprophytic and widely distributed in temperate regions. In this study, a new species named Agrocybe striatipes from China is described, which has been successfully cultivated in China recently. The phenotypic characteristics examination and molecular phylogenetic analyses using multilocus data (ITS and nrLSU) both support it as a new species in the genus Agrocybe. Moreover, nutritional ingredient analysis showed that the fruiting body of A. striatipes was rich in seventeen amino acids, including eight essential amino acids, in addition to high levels of calcium (78.5 mg/kg) and vitamin D (44.1 μg/100g). The following analysis of the heavy metal contents of the fruiting bodies show that it does not contain lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, and other heavy metal elements. In the crude extract of the mushroom, the nutrients in the aqueous phase are amino acids and oligosaccharides, and the active substances in the ethyl acetate layer are sterols, which have a variety of pharmacological effects. In conclusion, A. striatipes is not only a new species but also has highly application values as a cultivated edible mushroom in nutrition and health.
Combination method for the calculation of elastic constants

I. INTRODUCTION The essence of the constitutive relation of a certain material is the determination of its elastic constants. Once determined, these constants provide a way to link the loading on the material to its response. Another use of the elastic constants in the atomic simulation research is to serve as a probing of the interatomic forces employed, 1 where the calculated values of these constants using molecular simulations are compared with the experimental data. This property has been widely used and proved to be an efficient way to test the validity of the model and atomic potential functions. Molecular dynamics MD and Monte Carlo method are two widely used atomic simulation methods. Conventional MD simulations conserving the total energy and volume correspond to the microcanonical NVE ensemble. However, most experiments are conducted under constant temperature
Effects of Surface Albedo on Cloud and Radiation Processes in Cloud-Resolving Model Simulations

Abstract The relationship among the surface albedo, cloud properties, and radiative fluxes is investigated for the first time using a year-long cloud-resolving model (CRM) simulation with the prescribed evolving surface albedo. In comparison with the run using a fixed surface albedo, the CRM with the observed surface albedo represents the shortwave radiative budget closer to the observations in the winter. The greater surface albedo induces weaker instability in the low troposphere so that the amount of low clouds decreases during the winter. This reduces the shortwave and longwave cloud radiative forcing at the surface. The analysis of the CRM simulations with the evolving surface albedo reveals that there is a critical value (0.35) of the surface albedo. For albedos greater than the critical value, the upward shortwave flux at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is positively proportional to the surface albedos when optically thin clouds exist, and is not much affected by reflection on the cloud top. If opt.
Impact of person-environment fit on innovative work behavior: Mediating role of work engagement

Organizations must cope with the current business demands and strive for a competitive advantage. Apart from many measures to enhance competitive advantage, employees’ innovative work behavior is instrumental. Hence, this study aims to measure the contribution of person-environment fit (person-job fit and person-organization fit) on innovative work behavior directly and indirectly through creating work engagement. Cross-sectional perceptual data were collected through surveys from the employees working in humanitarian non-profit organizations in Nepal. After ensuring the goodness of fit index, 499 responses were analyzed in the structural equation model showing path analysis with the help of AMOS. The conservation of resource theory was a foundation to test and analyze the hypotheses adopting positivist research philosophy and deductive reasoning approach. Regression analysis revealed a positive effect of person-job fit (B = .23, p &lt; .001) and person-organization fit (B = .20, p &lt; .001) on employees’ innovative work behavior. Work engagement mediated the influence of person-job fit and person-organization fit on innovative work behavior. Out of the total effect size of employees’ compatibility on innovative work behavior, 30% effect size of person-job fit and 23% effect size of person-organizational fit on innovative work behavior went through work engagement.
Personalized diversification of complementary recommendations with user preference in online grocery

Complementary recommendations play an important role in surfacing the relevant items to the customers. In the cross-selling scenario, some customers might present more exploratory shopping behaviors and prefer more diverse complements, while other customers show less exploratory (or more conventional) shopping behaviors and want to have a deep dive of less diverse types of complements. The existence of two distinct shopping behaviors reflects users' different shopping intents and requires complementary recommendations to be adaptable based on the user's shopping intent. Although many studies focus on improving the recommendations through post-processing techniques, such as user-item-level personalized ranking and diversification of recommendations, they fail to address such a requirement. First, many user-item-level personalization methods cannot explicitly model the preference of users in two types of shopping behaviors and their intent on the corresponding complementary recommendations. Second, most of the diversification methods increase the heterogeneity of the recommendations. However, users' intent on conventional complementary shopping requires more homogeneity of the recommendations, which is not explicitly modeled. The present study tries attempts to solve these problems by the personalized diversification strategies for complementary recommendations. To address the requirement of modeling heterogenized and homogenized complementary recommendations, we propose two diversification strategies, heterogenization and homogenization, to re-rank complementary recommendations based on the determinantal point process (DPP). We use transaction history to estimate users' intent on more exploratory or more conventional complementary shopping. With the estimated user intent scores and two diversification strategies, we propose an algorithm to personalize the diversification strategies dynamically. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our re-ranking algorithm on the publicly available Instacart dataset.
Plane-wave and Gaussian-beam scattering on an infinite cylinder

A comparison between two models of light scattering on an infinite, nonabsorbing cylinder modeling a fiber in a composite material is presented. In the first model the incident light is modeled by a monochromatic plane wave, in the second by a monochromatic wave with a Gaussian distribution of intensity over the cross section. The results of numerical simulations for the two cases are presented.
Dityrosine cross-linking and its potential roles in Alzheimer’s disease

Oxidative stress is a significant source of damage that accumulates during aging and contributes to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Oxidation of proteins can give rise to covalent links between adjacent tyrosines known as dityrosine (DiY) cross-linking, amongst other modifications, and this observation suggests that DiY could serve as a biomarker of accumulated oxidative stress over the lifespan. Many studies have focused on understanding the contribution of DiY to AD pathogenesis and have revealed that DiY crosslinks can be found in both Aβ and tau deposits – the two key proteins involved in the formation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles, respectively. However, there is no consensus yet in the field on the impact of DiY on Aβ and tau function, aggregation, and toxicity. Here we review the current understanding of the role of DiY on Aβ and tau gathered over the last 20 years since the first observation, and discuss the effect of this modification for Aβ and tau aggregation, and its potential as a biomarker for AD.
Morphological and molecular investigations shed light on diversity and distribution of Palmariaceae in the north-western Pacific

ABSTRACT Traditional morphology-based investigations of the red algal genera Devaleraea and Palmaria (Palmariaceae, Rhodophyta) fail to provide accurate accounts of diversity and distribution for species from the Russian coast of the north-western Pacific. Consequently, there is much disagreement and taxonomic uncertainty regarding several species. To resolve these issues we conducted a molecular-assisted investigation that included a DNA barcode survey (COI-5’) and multilocus (COI-5’, cob, psaA, ITS) phylogenetic analyses. Our analyses indicate that diversity was previously underestimated for the Devaleraea/Palmaria complex. We describe three additional species of Devaleraea: D. sakhalinensis sp. nov., D. kussakinii sp. nov. and D. urupiana sp. nov. We consider D. titlyanoviorum to be an alga with abundant proliferations from the margins, branching to several orders, that is known only from Kunashir Island. Algae from Sakhalin Island and the mainland coast of the Sea of Japan previously identified as D. titlyanoviorum are described here as D. sakhalinensis. We confirmed that the genus Palmaria is not monotypic. It includes at least two species: P. palmata in the North Atlantic and P. moniliformis in the north-western Pacific. We expand the known ranges of D. callophylloides, D. mollis and P. hecatensis in the north-western Pacific southwards and find that D. stenogona is confined to the northern part of the Sea of Japan. The distribution patterns of species of the genera Devaleraea and Palmaria are discussed in relation to the oceanography of the north-western Pacific. HIGHLIGHTS Three new species of the genus Devaleraea are proposed. The genus Palmaria is not monotypic and includes at least two species, P. moniliformis and P. palmata.
Microscopic signature of insulator-to-metal transition in highly doped semicrystalline conducting polymers in ionic-liquid-gated transistors

Electronic state of charge carriers, in particular, in highly doped regions, in thin-film transistors of a semicrystalline conducting polymer poly(2,5-bis(3-alkylthiophene-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene), has been studied by using field-induced electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. By adopting an ionic-liquid gate insulator, a gate-controlled reversible electrochemical hole-doping of the polymer backbone is achieved, as confirmed from the change of the optical absorption spectra. The edge-on molecular orientation in the pristine film is maintained even after the electrochemical doping, which is clarified from the angular dependence of the g value. As the doping level increases, spin 1/2 polarons transform into spinless bipolarons, which is demonstrated from the spin-charge relation showing a spin concentration peak around 1%, contrasting to the monotonic increase in the charge concentration. At high doping levels, a drastic change in the linewidth anisotropy due to the generation of conduction electrons is observed, indicating the onset of metallic state, which is also supported by the temperature dependence of the spin susceptibility and the ESR linewidth. Our results suggest that semicrystalline conducting polymers become metallic with retaining their molecular orientational order, when appropriate doping methods are chosen.
Prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness among patients with atopic dermatitis

Sleep disorders have received considerable attention from the dermatologic community, especially in patients with atopic dermatitis. We confirmed that excessive daytime sleepiness is a common problem among patients with atopic dermatitis, with it affecting 46.1% of the evaluated subjects. We demonstrated that excessive daytime sleepiness was also significantly associated with disease severity in patients with atopic dermatitis and had a detrimental impact on quality of life, well‐being and burden. These findings suggest the importance of careful assessment and the management of sleep disorders in atopic dermatitis patients. Intervention programs for sleep disorders in this population might help to improve their quality of life and their well‐being.
The Role of the Left Inferior Parietal Cortex in Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome—An rTMS Study

Increased activity in the left inferior parietal cortex (BA40) plays a role in the generation of tics in the Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). Thus, inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to BA40 was hypothesized to alleviate symptoms in GTS. We investigated the immediate effects of single-session 1 Hz rTMS and sham stimulation delivered to the left BA40 on tics assessed with the Rush video protocol in 29 adults with GTS. There were no significant effects on tic symptoms following rTMS or sham stimulation. Moreover, there was no difference when comparing the effects of both stimulation conditions. Bayesian statistics indicated substantial evidence against an intervention effect. The left BA40 appears not to be a useful target for 1 Hz rTMS to modulate tic symptoms in GTS patients.
An Integral Solution for the Diffusion-Advection Equation

A new integral formulation, based on Green's second identity, is used to solve the unsteady transport (diffusion-advection) equation which governs the storage and movement of pollutants in porous media. It uses the fundamental solution for the terms of the differential equation with the highest derivatives (the order of the equation) and, by applying Green's second identity, those terms are cast into a boundary integral while the remaining terms with lower derivatives are weighted with that fundamental solution and integrated over the solution domain. The resulting integral representation is no longer a boundary integral but comprises both boundary and domain integral portions. Because the terms with the highest derivatives constitute the Laplacian, the fundamental solution employed in the formulation is the logarithmic function. The boundary integral portion of the formulation is similar to that encountered when the boundary element method is applied to elliptic equations but the domain portion, which contains the temporal derivative and advection terms, is evaluated by discretizing the solution domain into elements, as is frequently done in finite element formulations. The classic one-dimensional semi-infinite and a two-dimensional semi-infinite diffusion-advection problems are solved for a wide range of local Peclet numbers in order to verify and demonstrate the usefulness of the present formulation. The results are satisfactory.
Coefficient of Restitution Interpreted as Damping in Vibroimpact

During impact the relative motion of two bodies is often taken to be simply represented as half of a damped sine wave, according to the Kelvin-Voigt model. This is shown to be logically untenable, for it indicates that the bodies must exert tension on one another just before separating. Furthermore, it denotes that the damping energy loss is proportional to the square of the impacting velocity, instead of to its cube, as can be deduced from Goldsmith's work. A damping term $\lambda x^n \dot{x} $ is here introduced; for a sphere impacting a plate Hertz gives $n = 3/2$. The Kelvin-Voigt model is shown to be approximated as a special case deducible from this law, and applicable when impacts are absent. Physical experiments have confirmed this postulate.