Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Energy Efficient Virtual Network Embedding

Waste of energy due to over-provisioning and over-dimensioning of network infrastructures has recently stimulated the interest on energy consumption reduction by Internet Service Providers (ISPs). By means of resource consolidation, network virtualization based architectures will enable energy saving. In this letter, we extend the well-known virtual network embedding problem (VNE) to energy awareness and propose a mixed integer program (MIP) which provides optimal energy efficient embeddings. Simulation results show the energy gains of the proposed MIP over the existing cost-based VNE approach.
Reentrant condensation of DNA induced by multivalent counterions

A theory of condensation and resolubilization of a dilute DNA solution with growing concentration of multivalent cations, N, is suggested. It is based on a new theory of screening of a macroion by multivalent cations, which shows that due to strong cation correlations at the surface of DNA the net charge of DNA changes sign at some small concentration of cations N0. DNA condensation takes place in the vicinity of N0, where absolute value of the DNA net charge is small and the correlation induced short range attraction dominates the Coulomb repulsion. At N>N0 positive DNA should move in the opposite direction in an electrophoresis experiment. From comparison of our theory with experimental values of condensation and resolubilization thresholds for DNA solution containing Spe4+, we obtain that N0=3.2 mM and that the energy of DNA condensation per nucleotide is 0.07 kBT.
Locally covariant quantum field theory

The principle of local covariance which was recently introduced admits a generally covariant formulation of quantum field theory. It allows a discussion of structural properties of quantum field theory as well as the perturbative construction of renormalized interacting models on generic curved backgrounds and opens in principle the way towards a background independent perturbative quantization of gravity.
Branching Temporal Qualitative Coalitional Games with Preferences

Qualitative Coalitional Games (QCGs), as a variation of coalitional games, is to investigate agents’ strategies and behaviors in cooperating games. Each agent has a set of goals as its desires and will be satisfied if at least one of its desires is achieved by executing some strategies in a coalition, otherwise be unsatisfied. After introducing QCGs, we add preference to QCGs framework to enable that every agent has the ability to join the best coalition for achieving its preferences goals. In order to make a formal description and reason about repeated coalitional games, the paper will study Branching Temporal Qualitative Coalitional Games with preferences. Computational Tree Logic (CTL) is used for QCGPs with complete axiomatisation of it, denoted as CTQCGPs. Further more, this paper analyses and proofs the expression power, Satisfiability and complexity of CTQCGPs
Perspectives on time and memory: an introduction

What is the connection between the way we represent time and things in time, on the one hand, and our capacity to remember particular past events, on the other? This is the substantive question that has stood behind the project of putting together this volume. The methodological assumption that has informed this project is that any progress with the difficult and fascinating set of issues that are raised by this question must draw on the resources of various areas both in philosophy and in psychology. Our aim in this introduction is to draw upon the various contributions to this volume in articulating the intuition that there is a deep connection between the capacity to remember particular past events and certain kinds of capacities for temporal representation or reasoning. In doing so, we cannot cover all the theoretical and empirical issues raised by the various authors. Instead, we hope to spell out some guiding ideas which are of common concern to their work. One way of spelling out the intuition that there is a fundamental connection between our understanding of temporal reality and our capacity to remember past events can be found in Bertrand Russell’s (1912: 66) remark that we should not be able to understand what it is for things to have happened in the past if it weren’t for our ability, on occasion, to have ‘immediately before the mind [something] which is recognized as past’. Yet, any such claim should lead us to ask just what kind of temporal understanding and what kind of memory ability is supposed to be in question here. Just what are the representational abilities involved in thinking about other times that are supposed to depend on our capacity to remember the past? And, equally, just what does it mean to say that the past can come before our minds when we remember—how does time enter into memory itself? In short, the two terms that make up the title of this volume may be combined in two core questions:
LGBT and Queer Research in Higher Education

In this article, the author provides an overview of existing literature addressing lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT), and queer issues in higher education. She argues that although colleges and universities are the source of much critical and postmodern writing about LGBT and queer topics, scholarship on LGBT/queer people and organizations in higher education itself lacks theoretical depth. The author points to ways that existing research approaches and theoretical stances benefit higher education practice and suggests areas in which attention to methodological rigor and theoretical advancement is needed.
On the ( Im ) possibility of Timed Tamper-Evident Software in ( A ) synchronous Systems

Tamper-evident software has the property that a verifier can detect a violation of program integrity during execution. In this paper, we study programs that through their own execution provide sufficient information in the form of responses and timing to detect tampering. We refer to such programs as timed tamper-evident programs. We formalize the notation of a timed tamper-evident program, model a micro-controller under this formalization, and prove the existence of a timed tamper-evident program for this model when used with synchronous communication. We develop timed tamper-evident programs which verify both control and data integrity. We discuss the existence of timed tamper-evident functions in an asynchronous system.
An Electronic Publication Dedicated to Early Stellar Evolution and Molecular Clouds from the Editor Abstracts of Recently Accepted Papers Multiple Star Formation in Bok Globule Cb34

We have recently restructured our computer network at ESO/Chile, and this has on some occasions led to problems with mail. If you have sent an abstract which does not appear in the newsletter, please send it again. In its slightly more than 2 years of existence, the Star Formation Newsletter has grown considerably, and is now reaching almost 600 persons all over the world. It has thus achieved its goal of becoming a vehicle for linking the star formation community closer together. You are encouraged to use the various sections in the newsletter. For example, many students and postdocs receive the newsletter, and if you have a position open which is specifically aimed towards persons working in star formation, molecular clouds and the interstellar medium, you are welcome to advertise here (more general job adds should be sent to the usual places). If you have recently finished your thesis in one of the fields of the newsletter, or know of someone who has, an abstract in the newsletter will bring your work to the attention of the entire community. Simple latex forms for both normal abstracts and dissertation abstracts are appended to each newsletter after the enddocument command. Merry Christmas and a happy New Year to everybody. As part of a deep near-infrared imaging survey for infrared point sources in Bok globules, we have discovered the first Bok globule showing evidence of harboring an aggregate of embedded objects. Using a near-infrared color-color diagram, a total of 12 objects seen towards this globule were found to exhibit near-infrared color excesses consistent with those of young stellar objects having intrinsic infrared excess emission due to circumstellar material. Four of these objects exhibit extended infrared emission similar to those seen surrounding other young stellar objects in Bok globules. The objects are contained in a region of about 3 arcmin 2 estimated to correspond to about 0.1 pc 2. Together, these facts indicate that this group of stars forms an aggregate of young stellar objects contained in the globule.
Iron abundances and heating of the intracluster medium in hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy clusters

Results from a large set of hydrodynamical smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of galaxy clusters in a flat ΛCDM cosmology are used to investigate the metal enrichment and heating of the intracluster medium (ICM). The physical modelling of the gas includes radiative cooling, star formation, energy feedback and metal enrichment which follow from the explosions of supernovae of type II and Ia. The metallicity dependence of the cooling function is also taken into account. The gas is metal-enriched from star particles according to the SPH prescriptions. The simulations have been performed to study the dependence of final metal abundances and heating of the ICM on the numerical resolution and the model parameters. For a fiducial set of model prescriptions the results indicate radial iron profiles in broad agreement with observations; global iron abundances are also consistent with data. It is found that the iron distribution in the intracluster medium is critically dependent on the shape of the metal deposition profile. At large radii the radial iron abundance profiles in the simulations are steeper than those in the data, suggesting a dynamical evolution of simulated clusters different from those observed. For low-temperature clusters simulations yield iron abundances below the allowed observational range, unless a minimum diffusion length of metals in the ICM is introduced. The simulated emission-weighted radial temperature profiles are in good agreement with data for cooling flow clusters, but at very small distances from the cluster centres (∼2 per cent of the virial radii) the temperatures are a factor of ∼2 higher than the measured spectral values. The luminosity–temperature relation is in excellent agreement with the data; cool clusters (TX∼ 1 keV) have a core excess entropy of ∼200 keV cm2 and their X-ray properties are unaffected by the amount of feedback energy that has heated the ICM. The findings support the model proposed recently by Bryan, where the cluster X-ray properties are determined by radiative cooling. The fraction of hot gas fg at the virial radius increases with TX, and the distribution obtained from the simulated cluster sample is consistent with the observational ranges.
The Effects of Rhythm and Robotic Interventions on the Imitation/Praxis, Interpersonal Synchrony, and Motor Performance of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

We assessed the effects of three interventions, rhythm, robotic, and standard-of-care, on the imitation/praxis, interpersonal synchrony, and overall motor performance of 36 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) between 5 and 12 years of age. Children were matched on age, level of functioning, and services received, prior to random assignment to one of the three groups. Training was provided for 8 weeks with 4 sessions provided each week. We assessed generalized changes in motor skills from the pretest to the posttest using a standardized test of motor performance, the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd edition (BOT-2). We also assessed training-specific changes in imitation/praxis and interpersonal synchrony during an early and a late session. Consistent with the training activities practiced, the rhythm and robot groups improved on the body coordination composite of the BOT-2, whereas the comparison group improved on the fine manual control composite of the BOT-2. All three groups demonstrated improvements in imitation/praxis. The rhythm and robot groups also showed improved interpersonal synchrony performance from the early to the late session. Overall, socially embedded movement-based contexts are valuable in promoting imitation/praxis, interpersonal synchrony, and motor performance and should be included within the standard-of-care treatment for children with ASD.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ALUMINUM (Al) THIN FILMS MEASURED BY USING FOUR- POINT PROBE METHOD

This paper reports the results of electrical characterization of aluminum thin films. Uniform Al thin films were deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique on glass substrates. The electrical resistivity of the films as a function of film thickness was studied. These parameters have been measured by four-point probe method. The electrical resistivity was obtained by the measurement of current (in mA) and voltage in (mV) through the probe. The results showed that resistivity of the film decreases linearly with the film thickness in the range of the thickness studied in this work. Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 8, No. II, December, 2012, 31-36 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/kuset.v8i2. 7322
Reduce chord routing latency issue in the context of IPv6

Due to the mismatch between an overlay and its underlying physical network, the routing latency in existing DHT systems such as Chord and CAN is rather high. We note the fact that the IPv6 address hierarchical structure can aggregate route entries in Internet, and thus propose that nodes in an overlay can cluster together by taking advantage of the shared IPv6 prefix of specific length. While utilizing DHT systems themselves to store and retrieve the IPv6 prefix information, we adapt it to Chord and thus construct an improved version dubbed eChord. Analysis and simulation results confirm that eChord can significantly reduce routing latency.
DEA for soft robotics: 1-gram actuator picks up a 60-gram egg

We introduce a soft actuator for grippers using DEA capable of bending actuation. The actuator is also able to generate the electro-adhesion by the fringe field formed at the edges of the electrodes. The adhesion improves the holding force and ensures the conformation of the structure to the object. After the characterization of the actuator, we develop a 2-finger soft gripper capable of holding various objects. The gripper has a mass of around 1 g, and consists of a few cm long actuation parts, realizing simple open-close movement. The compliance of the gripper leads to conformation of the structure against the object surface, which is proven by successful handling of objects with different geometries such as a toothbrush, a flat paper, and a ping pong ball. The effect of the electro-adhesion is visible when the paper is held with its flat shape meaning that an adhesion force against gravity exists. Also, by the fact that the conformed structure increases the contact area, the holding force is improved while avoiding damaging the object, which is highlighted by the ability to hold a raw egg weighing around 60 g. This soft gripper, combining both actuation and electro-adhesion, illustrates the potential use of DEA for soft robotics.
Neural adaptations to strength training: Moving beyond transcranial magnetic stimulation and reflex studies

It has long been believed that training for increased strength not only affects muscle tissue, but also results in adaptive changes in the central nervous system. However, only in the last 10 years has the use of methods to study the neurophysiological details of putative neural adaptations to training become widespread. There are now many published reports that have used single motor unit recordings, electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves, and non‐invasive stimulation of the human brain [i.e. transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)] to study neural responses to strength training. In this review, we aim to summarize what has been learned from single motor unit, reflex and TMS studies, and identify the most promising avenues to advance our conceptual understanding with these methods. We also consider the few strength training studies that have employed alternative neurophysiological techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography. The nature of the information that these techniques can provide, as well as their major technical and conceptual pitfalls, are briefly described. The overall conclusion of the review is that the current evidence regarding neural adaptations to strength training is inconsistent and incomplete. In order to move forward in our understanding, it will be necessary to design studies that are based on a rigorous consideration of the limitations of the available techniques, and that are specifically targeted to address important conceptual questions.
Unemployment in the EU: Institutions, Prices and Growth

This Paper presents a reappraisal of unemployment movements in the European Union. Our analysis is based on the chain reaction theory of unemployment, which focuses on (a) the interaction among labour market adjustment processes, (b) the interplay between these adjustment processes and the dynamic structure of labour market shocks, and (c) the interaction between the adjustment processes and economic growth. We divide the shocks into institutional variables, price variables, and growth drivers. Estimating a system of labour market equations for a panel of EU countries, we derive the dynamic unemployment responses to each shock. Our analysis permits us to distinguish between the short- and long-run effects of the shocks. Different shocks generate different degrees of ‘unemployment persistence’ (responses to temporary shocks) and ‘unemployment responsiveness’ (responses to permanent shocks). We find that the growth drivers play a dominant role in accounting for the main swings in EU unemployment.
User centered IT for the public: A corporate partnership in e-Governance

The high tech and world class IT Corporations in the rapidly growing city of Pune, India and its low-tech Government organizations serving the public form a striking contrast. The gap in work cultures between the two makes joint projects a challenge, even though much needed and apparently feasible. In this paper we present an approach where an intermediary role was adopted to bridge the gap in work cultures and a user centered design methodology was adopted in the interests of the common citizen, to successfully complete two projects, the Pune Municipal Transport (PMT) Website and the Pune Garden Department website.
Multisensory integration in the dorsal cochlear nucleus: unit responses to acoustic and trigeminal ganglion stimulation

A necessary requirement for multisensory integration is the convergence of pathways from different senses. The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) receives auditory input directly via the VIIIth nerve and somatosensory input indirectly from the Vth nerve via granule cells. Multisensory integration may occur in DCN cells that receive both trigeminal and auditory nerve input, such as the fusiform cell. We investigated trigeminal system influences on guinea pig DCN cells by stimulating the trigeminal ganglion while recording spontaneous and sound‐driven activity from DCN neurons. A bipolar stimulating electrode was placed into the trigeminal ganglion of anesthetized guinea pigs using stereotaxic co‐ordinates. Electrical stimuli were applied as bipolar pulses (100 µs per phase) with amplitudes ranging from 10 to 100 µA. Responses from DCN units were obtained using a 16‐channel, four‐shank electrode. Current pulses were presented alone or preceding 100‐ or 200‐ms broadband noise (BBN) bursts. Thirty percent of DCN units showed either excitatory, inhibitory or excitatory–inhibitory responses to trigeminal ganglion stimulation. When paired with BBN stimulation, trigeminal stimulation suppressed or facilitated the firing rate in response to BBN in 78% of units, reflecting multisensory integration. Pulses preceding the acoustic stimuli by as much as 95 ms were able to alter responses to BBN. Bimodal suppression may play a role in attenuating body‐generated sounds, such as vocalization or respiration, whereas bimodal enhancement may serve to direct attention in low signal‐to‐noise environments.
Cached Sufficient Statistics for Automated Mining and Discovery from Massive Data Sources

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Physiological properties of direction‐selective ganglion cells in early postnatal and adult mouse retina

Selective responses of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to the direction of motion have been recorded extracellularly from the rabbit and the mouse retina at eye opening. Recently, it has been shown that the development of this circuitry is light independent. Using whole‐cell patch clamp recording, we report here that mouse early postnatal direction‐selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) showed lower membrane excitability, lower reliability of synaptic transmission and much slower kinetics of light responses compared with adult DSGCs. However, the degree of direction selectivity of early postnatal DSGCs measured by the direction‐selective index and the width of the directional tuning curve was almost identical to that of adult DSGCs. The DSGCs exhibited a clear selectivity for the direction of motion at the onset of light sensitivity. Furthermore, the degree of direction selectivity was not affected by rearing in complete darkness from birth to postnatal day 11 or 30. The formation of the retinal neurocircuitry for coding motion direction is completely independent of light.
PORCN Moonlights in a Wnt-Independent Pathway That Regulates Cancer Cell Proliferation

Porcupine (PORCN) is a membrane-bound O-acyl transferase that is required for the palmitoylation of Wnt proteins, and that is essential in diverse Wnt pathways for Wnt-Wntless (WLS) binding, Wnt secretion, and Wnt signaling activity. We tested if PORCN was required for the proliferation of transformed cells. Knockdown of PORCN by multiple independent siRNAs results in a cell growth defect in a subset of epithelial cancer cell lines. The growth defect is transformation-dependent in human mammary epithelial (HMEC) cells. Additionally, inducible PORCN knockdown by two independent shRNAs markedly reduces the growth of established MDA-MB-231 cancers in orthotopic xenografts in immunodeficient mice. Unexpectedly, the proliferation defect resulting from loss of PORCN occurs in a Wnt-independent manner, as it is rescued by re-expression of catalytically inactive PORCN, and is not seen after RNAi-mediated knockdown of the Wnt carrier protein WLS, nor after treatment with the PORCN inhibitor IWP. Consistent with a role in a Wnt-independent pathway, knockdown of PORCN regulates a distinct set of genes that are not altered by other inhibitors of Wnt signaling. PORCN protein thus appears to moonlight in a novel signaling pathway that is rate-limiting for cancer cell growth and tumorigenesis independent of its enzymatic function in Wnt biosynthesis and secretion.