Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Power Gain Analysis of SiGe HBTs under Large-signal Power Matching Conditions

Power gain of SiGe HBTs under large-signal power matching conditions is analytically studied. It is found that, the transducer power gain for CE (common-emitter) and CB (common-base) configurations is the same at high frequencies for the same load impedance. At low frequencies, the CE configuration has much higher transducer power gain than the CB configuration. The theoretical analysis is verified with simulations using commercial device models. In addition, the influence of the load impedance on the maximum transducer power gain of CE and CB SiGe HBTs is investigated
Twelve year outcomes following bacterial meningitis: further evidence for persisting effects

AIM To determine whether intellectual and cognitive impairments observed seven years following early childhood bacterial meningitis persist into adolescence. METHODS Blinded neuropsychological, auditory, and behaviour assessments were conducted in 109 (69%) subjects from an original cohort of 158 children, seven and 12 years after their meningitis, and in 96 controls. RESULTS Meningitis subjects remained at greater risk than controls for any disability (odds ratio OR 4.7, confidence interval 2.2 to 9.6). Those with acute neurological complications had more sequelae than children with uncomplicated meningitis or controls (47% v 30%v 11.5% respectively; p < 0.001). Differences in intellectual, academic, and high level cognitive function between subjects and controls were maintained at the seven and 12 year assessments. In contrast, lower order skills improved, while behaviour scores deteriorated significantly (p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Many of the deficits identified at the seven year follow up persist 12 years after an episode of bacterial meningitis. Key messages Bacterial meningitis in children is associated with substantial excess risk of intellectual, cognitive, and auditory impairment that persists into adolescence Continuing developmental problems of higher order language, organisation, problem solving, and central auditory function may increase learning and behavioural difficulties The risk of these adverse outcomes is greatest in, but not confined to, those who experienced acute neurological complications at the time of their illness Families, schoolteachers, and health professionals have an important role in identifying and/or helping those with learning and behavioural difficulties
Compiler/interpreter generator system LISA

The paper describes the LISA system which is a generic interactive environment for programming language development. From the formal language specifications of a particular programming language, LISA produces a language specific environment that includes a language-knowledgeable editor, a compiler/interpreter and other graphic tools. The paper focuses on design decisions, implementation issues and tool integration in the system LISA. The main reasons for developing a new compiler/interpreter generator system were: support for incremental language development, support for language design in a visual manner and the portability of the system and the generated environment. LISA is a set of related tools such as scanner generators, parser generators, compiler generators, graphic tools, editor and conversion tools, which are integrated by well designed interfaces. Therefore, it has the advantages of a single system and federated environment. LISA and the generated environment are written in Java which enables high portability to different platforms.
Possible Potentiation by Certain Antioxidants of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Diclofenac in Rats

In the present study, we investigated the potential beneficial impact of the addition of antioxidant supplements to diclofenac regimen in a model of carrageenan-induced paw. Rats were treated daily with antioxidants, that is, a-lipoic acid (50 mg/kg), selenium (2.5 mg/kg), vitamin C (1 g/kg), vitamin E (300 mg/kg), or zinc (25 mg/kg) on seven successive days and then received a single treatment with diclofenac or saline before carrageenan was injected to induce paw inflammation. The results indicated that these combinations did not significantly affect the percentage inhibition of paw edema caused by diclofenac alone; however, some combination treatments ameliorated signs of concomitant oxidative stress (such as alterations in plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, hemolysate reduced glutathione levels, and erythrocytic superoxide dismutase enzyme activities) imparted by diclofenac alone. In some cases, few tested antioxidants in combination with diclofenac resulted in increased plasma levels of interleukin- (IL-) 6 and C-reactive protein (CRP). In conclusion, the results of these studies suggested to us that the added presence of natural antioxidants could be beneficial as standard anti-inflammatory therapeutics for a patient under diclofenac treatment, albeit that these effects do not appear to significantly build upon those that could be obtained from this common anti-inflammatory agent per se.
FRACTURES AND JOINT INJURIES

1873, and Dr. Baker retains the term. This symptom is exaggeratedby fatigue and introspection,and while it may disappear for long periods, it will recur after shock or anxiety. Though Dr. Baker does not say so, it is, of course, a form of the hyperventilationsyndrome,which in its more dramatic forms can lead to syncopeand tetanyas the result of respiratory alkalosis. Fluoroscopica.lly, tonic contraction of the diaphgramhas beenobservedprior to the appearance of the symptom, so that shallow respiration may lead to a compulsive sigh. The importance of this symptom lies in its usual associationwith other innocent symptomssuch as intramammary pain and palpitation, and in the possible confusion in the mind of the doctor or patient with the dyspneeaof organic heart disease. The third symptominvestigatedby Dr. Baker was palpitation. She points out the importanceof determiningprecisely what the patient understandsby this term and of the Jlatient's own description of his feelings at the time of an attack. She refers to the varying thresholdat which this symptom becomes consciously appreciated in difl'erent individuals and in the sameindividual at difl'erent times. As the result of examiningthe casesheetsof 900 sufl'erersfrom palpitation, she concluded that the majority of those with organic heartdiseaseand a primary complaint of palpitation sufl'ered from hypertension,hyperthyroidismor paroxysmal tachycardia. It was nearly an even chancethat a patient whose chief symptom was palpitation would have a normal cardio-vascularsystem, and in those with abnormal hearts, the above three conditions appearedwith about equal frequency. Very few patients sufl'ering from rheumatic heart diseasegave palpitationas their chief complaint. Dr. Baker found that a considerablenumberof peoplecould haveextrasystoles without experiencingany palpitation, a fact with which all physicianswould agree. She mentions dyspnoea, obesity, debility, the menopauseand cigarette smoking as possibleretiological factors in some cases,but it is generally held that none of these are as important as the increased subjectivesensitivity to any visceral stimulus which accompaniesan anxiety state. This little book is a straightforward, if superficial and rather elementary, considerationof the componentsof Da Costa's syndrome at the clinical and statistical level, and serves the useful purposeof reminding us of its frequency and its associations. There is still too much cardiac invalidism abroad,owing directly to unwarrantedacceptance on the part of the doctor of the patient'sown interpretation of symptoms.
New Properties of Drosophila Fab-7 Insulator

In the Abd-B 3′ cis-regulatory region, which is subdivided into a series of iab domains, boundary elements have previously been detected, including the Fab-7 element providing for the autonomous functioning of the iab-6 and iab-7 cis-regulatory domains. Here, it has been shown that a single copy of the 860-bp Fab-7 insulator effectively blocks the yellow and white enhancers. The eye and testis enhancers can stimulate the white promoter across the pair of Fab-7, which is indicative of a functional interaction between the insulators. Unexpectedly, Fab-7 has proved to lose the enhancer-blocking activity when placed near the white promoter. It seems likely that Fab-7 strengthens the relatively weak white promoter, which leads to the efficient enhancer–promoter interaction and insulator bypass.
MultiNet: reducing interaction overhead in domestic wireless networks

We present MultiNet, a novel method for securely associating devices with a domestic wireless network. We show that MultiNet has usability benefits over currently deployed commercial solutions while being backwards compatible with existing devices. MultiNet reduces the interaction overhead of secure association by focusing on users' interactions rather than the network's requirements. This leads to a novel architectural arrangement of the home network infrastructure: the network is dynamically re-configured to accept each pre-configured device, rather than the current norm where each device is configured to be acceptable to the pre-configured network. Assuming devices are pre-configured for a unique, device-specific network name and passphrase, MultiNet constructs an out-of-band visual channel via an intermediary network controller device to convey the device's configuration to the network. This makes the interaction to join a device to the wireless network lightweight and identical across all devices, considerably reducing the interaction overheads for users.
The use of an antibiotic-impregnated spacer block for revision of the septic total knee arthroplasty.

Through the use of an antibiotic-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate spacer block in two-stage exchange arthroplasty, the chronically infected total knee arthroplasty can, in most cases, be effectively salvaged. In a review of 28 such consecutive cases by a single surgeon, all revised implants were retained except one which required arthrodesis. In the remaining cases, mean Hospital for Special Surgery knee scores were 86, with mean total range of motion of 90 degrees . All wounds healed eventually, and seven patients were thereafter able to undergo other total joint arthroplasties. Advantages of this technique included maintenance of ligamentous balance as well as bone stock with weight bearing, local antibiotic delivery, and facilitation of reimplantation.
Src Kinase Activates Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase by Phosphorylating Tyr-83*

The endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) is regulated in part by serine/threonine phosphorylation, but eNOS tyrosine phosphorylation is less well understood. In the present study we have examined the tyrosine phosphorylation of eNOS in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) exposed to oxidant stress. Hydrogen peroxide and pervanadate (PV) treatment stimulates eNOS tyrosine phosphorylation in BAECs. Phosphorylation is blocked by the Src kinase family inhibitor, 4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (PP2). Moreover, eNOS and c-Src can be coimmunoprecipitated from BAEC lysates by antibodies directed against either protein. Domain mapping and site-directed mutagenesis studies in COS-7 cells transfected with either eNOS alone and then treated with PV or cotransfected with eNOS and constitutively active v-Src identified Tyr-83 (bovine sequence) as the major eNOS tyrosine phosphorylation site. Tyr-83 phosphorylation is associated with a 3-fold increase in basal NO release from cotransfected cells. Furthermore, the Y83F eNOS mutation attenuated thapsigargin-stimulated NO production. Taken together, these data indicate that Src-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of eNOS at Tyr-83 modulates eNOS activity in endothelial cells.
An explanation facility for today's expert systems

The authors discuss explanation facility types found in most expert systems and shells used today, referring to these as practice systems, since they represent current practice in expert system work. Practice systems include nonresearch expert systems (being developed every day in industry) as well as nonresearch expert system shells. They maintain that an extensive explanation facility meeting the obligations of a practice system's role can be implemented using only practice technology. They discuss the relationship of journalism to explanation, showing that explanation facility tasks (roles) on current practice expert systems and shells resemble a newswriter's tasks, as both involve presenting users or readers with accurate, objective, noninteractive accounts of events. In news reporting, events are pieces of news. In expert-system explanation, events are actions taken by expert systems. The authors present a journalistic explanation facility, Joe, which is part of AGNESS (a generalized network-based expert system shell), under development at the University of Minnesota. <<ETX>>
How ethnic structure affects civil conflict: A model of endogenous grievance

Does ethnic structure affect the occurrence of civil conflict and, if so, how? This study develops an agent-based model of endogenous grievances that builds on the new constructivist conceptualization of ethnicity and the theories of group inequality and crosscuttingness. Specifically, I simulate conflict as a function of spontaneous economic disparities between nominal “ethnic groups” with no predefined salient categories and related antagonism. Then I apply the model to reconsider the effect of (bidimensional) ethnic structure on conflict, which has been largely dismissed in recent scholarship. By varying the parameters of ethnic demography in artificial societies, I conduct a series of replicable experiments revealing that various structural settings yield systematically different patterns of conflict. While there is no “most hazardous” structure per se, both polarization and crosscuttingness appear to decrease the likelihood of violence but increase its potential deadliness, which indicates a more general tradeoff of conflict incidence and intensity.
Exercise training for depressed older adults with Alzheimer's disease

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 16 weeks of a comprehensive exercise routine to supervised walking and social conversation on depression in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Method: This study was a three-group, repeated-measures design with random assignment to treatment group. Forty-five nursing home residents with moderate to severe AD were randomly assigned to a 16-week programme of comprehensive exercise, supervised walking or social conversation. Raters were blinded to treatment group assignment. Major outcome variables were depression measured by the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, mood measured by the Dementia Mood Assessment Scale and the Alzheimer's Mood Scale, and affect measured by the Observed Affect Scale. Depression was reduced in all three groups with some evidence of superior benefit from exercise. Depression is a common problem with serious and costly consequences for nursing home residents with AD. Exercise as a behavioural approach to treatment of depression in nursing home residents with severe AD evidenced a clear benefit to participants in this study. More research is needed to clarify the relative benefits of different types of exercise in conjunction with or without pharmacological intervention.
Optical Communication A novel optical receiver structure combining wavelength conversion and homodyne detection

A new optical receiver scheme which combines wavelength conversion and homodyne detection is proposed and its performance is analysed by means of simulation. The main advantage of the proposed structure stems from the use of the same laser source for both, the wavelength conversion and the homodyne detection blocks, avoiding the use of any optical phase-locking loop. Results obtained show an improvement of the main performance parameters when compared with typical direct detection or homodyne receivers. Copyright © 2006 AEIT.
RELIGION AND POLITICAL AFFILIATION'S INFLUENCE ON TRUST AND RECIPROCITY AMONG STRANGERS

Human cooperation has led to the social lifestyle that our world thrives on today. Many common groups – such as religious and political affiliations – facilitate this social lifestyle by advocating trust, reciprocity, and cooperation among group members; however, studies on trust and reciprocity tend to manipulate group identity via assigning participants to arbitrary groups rather than investigating the potential relationship with actual social groups (e.g., religion and politics). Therefore, the present study empirically tested the relationships that may exist between actual group memberships, arbitrary group membership, trust, and reciprocity. Two studies (N = 144 per study) were conducted with a computerized “trust” game to measure trust and reciprocity between people based on political affiliation, religious denomination, and arbitrary identification. Results indicated that people trusted their fellow in-group members more than out-group members, and trusted religious and political in-group members more than arbitrary in-group members. Participants also gave more money to in-group members than out-group members for both meaningful and arbitrary group identities. There were no significant differences in the amount of money given to actual and arbitrary in-group members. These are the first two studies to date that have examined whether different types of in-groups elicit different levels of reciprocal exchange.
Reasoning about Policies using Logic Programs

We use a simplified version of the Policy Description Language 3)2)£ introduced in (Lobo, Bhatia, & Naqvi 1999) to represent and reason about policies. In 3)2)£ a policy description is a collection of Event-ConditionAction-Rules that defines a mapping from event histories into action histories. In this paper we introduce the generation problem: finding an event history that generates a given action history, and state its complexity. Because of its high complexity we present a logic programming-based semantics for policies and encode a sound and complete solution of the generation problem using the stable model semantics of logic programs. We also identify a subclass of policies where the generation problem can be solved in polynomial time.
Computationally scalable partial distance based fast search motion estimation

We present a class of algorithms that use a partial distance metric to speedup the motion estimation process. The partial distance metric is used within the motion search to eliminate unlikely candidates through a thresholding process that enables computation scalability. We also propose a multiresolution variant which further reduces the complexity. Our results are comparable to state of the art approaches present a regular structure and are computationally scalable.
Normalization of Clinician Administered PTSD Scale-version 1 (CAPS-1) for Psychological Effects due to War

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Toward a Theory of Organizational Behavior

Several theoretical formulations from sociology and psychology are used in an attempt to set down a general theory of organizational behavior. The typical bureaucratic model is defined as a "structured field," in the sense that authority, status, and role are clearly articulated and thus provide behavioral cues that facilitate perception and learning. Harry Stack Sullivan's theory of interpersonal psychiatry is incorporated to explain the individual's reactions to this structured environment. His learned deference to authority is geared into the organization, mainly through the medium of anxiety reduction. Acceptance of organizational authority is highly reinforced because it reduces anxiety by ensuring approval from superiors. Since reactions to authority will differ in terms of the genetic composition, class, and idiocyncratic experience of a given individual, three ideal types of accommodation are posited: the upward-mobiles, the indifferents, and the ambivalents. Robert V. Presthus is professor of public administration in Cornell University and editor of the Administrative Science Quarterly.
Possible nociceptive structures in the sacroiliac joint cartilage: An immunohistochemical study

The sacroiliac joint (SI joint) is a known source of low back pain. In the absence of validated physical signs and imaging studies, the diagnosis of SI joint pain can be secured by positive response to SI joint intra‐articular infiltration with local anesthetics. The current anatomical and histological knowledge concerning intra‐articular structures of the sacroiliac joint is insufficient to explain the efficacy of this infiltration. Consequently, this study was undertaken to detect the intra‐articular presence of substance P and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) positive nerve fibers, providing indirect evidence of nociceptive innervation of the SI joint. Free‐floating sections, obtained from iliac and sacral cartilage and subchondral bone of the SI joint and adjacent ligamentous tissue, of 10 human cadavers were studied immunohistochemically. Tissue of nine human cadavers showed the presence of substance P and CGRP immunoreactivity in the superficial layer of sacral and iliac cartilage, and the surrounding ligamentous structures. Subchondral bone reacted weakly to the antisera used. These findings support the view that the SI joint may be capable of intra‐articular nociception and may explain the positive response to the intra‐articular deposition of local anesthetic. Clin. Anat. 23:192–198, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Insecticide-treated bednets and curtains for preventing malaria.

BACKGROUND Malaria is an important cause of illness and death in many parts of the world, especially in Africa. There has been a renewed emphasis on preventive measures, both at community and at individual level. Insecticide treated bednets and curtains are a promising preventive measure. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to assess the effects of insecticide-treated bednets or curtains in preventing malaria SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group trials register, Medline, Embase and the reference lists of articles. We handsearched journals, contacted researchers, funding agencies and net and insecticide manufacturers. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized and quasi-randomized trials of insecticide-treated bednets or curtains with a sufficient dose of a suitable insecticide compared with nets without insecticide or no nets at all. Studies including pregnant women were excluded. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Trial quality was assessed and data extracted by the reviewer. Trial inclusions/exclusions were reviewed by two independent individuals. MAIN RESULTS Of 65 identified studies, 18 were included. Of these, 11 were randomized by cluster rather than individually. Mortality in children under five was measured in four trials. When impregnated nets were compared with plain nets or no nets, the summary relative risk was 0. 83. This translates to an estimate of protective efficacy of 17%. For treated nets compared with untreated nets, the relative risk of child mortality was 0.77. About six lives can be saved each year for every 1000 children protected with insecticide-treated nets. Insecticide-treated nets also reduced the incidence of mild malarial episodes by 48% (controls=no nets) and 34% (controls=untreated nets). REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS Insecticide-treated nets appear to be effective in reducing childhood mortality and morbidity from malaria. Widespread access to insecticide-treated nets will require major financial, technical and operational inputs.