Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Análisis comparativo de la cultura organizacional en tres empresas autogestionadas en América Latina

Worker-owned companies or self-managed firms discussed here from three case study companies in Popayan, Colombia, and Rosario, Argentina. The aim is to learn about organizational culture in this model, from the identification and analysis of common and divergent elements. Interviews were conducted in companies defined through a set of variables associated with the organizational culture as values , participation, and founding history. The main findings shows that cultural organization of these companies despite the differences in context, are quite similar. Values such as solidarity, responsibility, commitment and teamwork, are common in organizations, supported on an event to reformulate the expectations of individuals: the moment of crisis.
The Roles of Aptness, Conventionality, and Working Memory in the Production of Metaphors and Similes

What factors affect the processes by which vehicles are selected for metaphors and similes? What determines the form of figurative statement people prefer to use? To answer these questions we contrast the predictions of class-inclusion theory and the structure mapping theory and its career of metaphor variant with respect to aptness, conventionality, and working memory (WM) in a figurative statement production task. Consistent with both theories we found that property-aptness influences the time required to generate a vehicle, that conventionality predicts the quality of vehicles and the time it takes to generate them, and that WM capacity predicts the quality of vehicles produced. However, it was class-inclusion theory that best explained why we observed no effect of aptness on vehicle quality and why WM and vehicle quality, but not conventionality, influenced the likelihood of using the metaphor or simile form. We end with a discussion of how these results relate to Kintsch's Predication Model of comprehension and how the model may be extended to account for behavior in figurative statement production.
A Study of Factors Promoting and Inhibiting Lactation

The present series of studies, made between 1972 and 1975, has shown that existing routines in the maternity ward, such as weighing the baby before and after breast feeding, can inhibit the establishment of lactation and increase the number of early failures. Giving information to the father in the maternity ward may be an important factor in promoting breast‐feeding, as judged from the findings on duration of breast feeding and from the mothers' comments. The greatest effect observed was that of skin‐to‐skin and suckling contact during the first hour after delivery, which increased the median duration of breast feeding by 2–1/2 months. These findings illustrate that existing routines during the neonatal period should be re‐examined as to their influence in promoting or inhibiting breast feeding.
Transcriptional co-repressor response of Arabidopsis thaliana to different abiotic stress

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A longitudinal study in adults with sequential bilateral cochlear implants: time course for individual ear and bilateral performance.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the rate of progress in the 2nd implanted ear as it relates to the 1st implanted ear and to bilateral performance in adult sequential cochlear implant recipients. In addition, this study aimed to identify factors that contribute to patient outcomes. METHOD The authors performed a prospective longitudinal study in 21 adults who received bilateral sequential cochlear implants. Testing occurred at 6 intervals: prebilateral through 12 months postbilateral implantation. Measures evaluated speech recognition in quiet and noise, localization, and perceived benefit. RESULTS Second ear performance was similar to 1st ear performance by 6 months postbilateral implantation. Bilateral performance was generally superior to either ear alone; however, participants with shorter 2nd ear length of deafness (<20 years) had more rapid early improvement and better overall outcomes than those with longer 2nd ear length of deafness (>30 years). All participants reported bilateral benefit. CONCLUSIONS Adult cochlear implant recipients demonstrated benefit from 2nd ear implantation for speech recognition, localization, and perceived communication function. Because performance outcomes were related to length of deafness, shorter time between surgeries may be warranted to reduce negative length-of-deafness effects. Future study may clarify the impact of other variables, such as preimplant hearing aid use, particularly for individuals with longer periods of deafness.
Molecular Paleohydrology: Interpreting the Hydrogen-Isotopic Composition of Lipid Biomarkers from Photosynthesizing Organisms

Hydrogen-isotopic abundances of lipid biomarkers are emerging as important proxies in the study of ancient environments and ecosystems. A decade ago, pioneering studies made use of new analytical methods and demonstrated that the hydrogen-isotopic composition of individual lipids from aquatic and terrestrial organisms can be related to the composition of their growth (i.e., environmental) water. Subsequently, compound-specific deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) ratios of sedimentary biomarkers have been increasingly used as paleohydrological proxies over a range of geological timescales. Isotopic fractionation observed between hydrogen in environmental water and hydrogen in lipids, however, is sensitive to biochemical, physiological, and environmental influences on the composition of hydrogen available for biosynthesis in cells. Here we review the factors and processes that are known to influence the hydrogen-isotopic compositions of lipids-especially n-alkanes-from photosynthesizing organisms, and we provide a framework for interpreting their D/H ratios from ancient sediments and identify future research opportunities.
Relative changes of cerebral arterial and venous blood volumes during increased cerebral blood flow: Implications for BOLD fMRI

Measurement of cerebral arterial and venous blood volumes during increased cerebral blood flow can provide important information regarding hemodynamic regulation under normal, pathological, and neuronally active conditions. In particular, the change in venous blood volume induced by neural activity is one critical component of the blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) signal because BOLD contrast is dependent only on venous blood, not arterial blood. Thus, relative venous and arterial blood volume (rCBV) and cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in α‐chlorolase‐anesthetized rats under hypercapnia were measured by novel diffusion‐weighted 19F NMR following an i.v. administration of intravascular tracer, perfluorocarbons, and continuous arterial spin labeling methods, respectively. The relationship between rCBF and total rCBV during hypercapnia was rCBV(total) = rCBF0.40, which is consistent with previous PET measurement in monkeys. This relationship can be linearized in a CBF range of 50–130 ml/100 g/min as ΔrCBV(total)/ ΔrCBF = 0.31 where ΔrCBV and ΔrCBF represent rCBV and rCBF changes. The average arterial volume fraction was 0.25 at a basal condition with CBF of ∼60 ml/100 g/min and increased up to 0.4 during hypercapnia. The change in venous rCBV was 2‐fold smaller than that of total rCBV (ΔrCBV(vein)/ΔrCBF = 0.15), while the arterial rCBV change was 2.5 times larger than that of total rCBV (ΔrCBV(artery)/ΔrCBF = 0.79). These NMR results were confirmed by vessel diameter measurements with in vivo videomicroscopy. The absolute venous blood volume change contributes up to 36% of the total blood volume change during hypercapnia. Our findings provide a quantitative physiological model of BOLD contrast. Magn Reson Med 45:791–800, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Readability modelling and comparison of one and two parametric fit: A case study in Bangla*

Abstract This paper deals with an interesting problem in computational linguistics namely “readability of texts”. A piece of text appears to be easy or difficult depending on certain parameters involved within the text pattern. Based on these parameters, several readability indices have been developed; namely Flesch reading ease, Fog index, Flesch – Kincaid formula, and so on. Our paper deals with the construction of a miniature model or readability index for Bangla documents, using textbooks. We take into consideration parameters such as average sentence length, number of syllables per 100 words, and so on.
A new image segmentation method via fusing NCut eigenvectors maps

This paper presents a new image segmentation method via fusing Normalized Cut (NCut) eigenvector maps. In this method, we fuse the eigenvector maps by maximizing the salient contour signals and suppress the non-maximum ones. Then, we use OWT-UCM method to produce the image segmentation from the soft contour map generated from the fused eigenvector maps and local contour cues. We evaluate our segmentation method based on BSDS500 database. Experimental results show that the proposed segmentation method is more accurate and preserve large meaningful region.
Trinocular stereo for non-parallel configurations

The constraint of a third camera in stereo vision is a useful tool for reducing ambiguity in matching. Most of the systems using trinocular stereo to date however, have used configurations where the image planes of all three cameras are coplanar, or can be rectified to be so. We explore the computation of dense trinocular disparity maps for non-planar camera configurations which arise when cameras surround the object to be modeled. Our approach rectifies the cameras as two independent stereo pairs. We start with an exhaustive lookup scheme and then consider retaining only a list of N disparities per pixel with maximal correlation values for the right and left pairs. Experimental results and comparisons demonstrate that both methods reduce outliers over binocular stereo, and that the N-hypothesis system trades large lookup tables for somewhat lower density of valid matches.
Wirkungsorientierung in der Sozialen Arbeit. Professionalisierungsprojekt oder managerialistische „cookbook social work“?

Vorliegender Artikel widmet sich den verschiedenen Diskurslinien rund um Wirkungsorientierung in der Sozialen Arbeit. Dabei wird auf die vor allem im englischsprachigen Raum rezipierte Debatte um „Evidence-Based Practice“ und deren What-Works Pramissen eingegangen und diese forschungsmethodisch, als auch professionstheoretisch problematisiert. Weiters wird der im deutschsprachigen Raum dominante „halbierte Wirkungsdiskurs“ (Otto et al 2007) aufgegriffen, der die Frage nach Wirkung vor allem auf Management- und Finanzierungsebene verhandelt und somit vor allem als managerielle Steuerung sozialarbeiterischer Praxis, womit sich auch Konsequenzen fur die (Wirkungs-) Forschung, als auch fur die professionelle Praxis ergeben.
Cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to metolachlor in the Agricultural Health Study

Metolachlor is one of the most widely used herbicides in the United States. We evaluated the incidence of cancer among pesticide applicators exposed to metolachlor in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort study of licensed pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina. A total of 50,193 pesticide applicators were included. Detailed information on pesticide exposure and lifestyle factors was obtained from self‐administered enrollment questionnaires completed between 1993 and 1997; average length of follow‐up was 7.33 years. Two metolachlor exposure metrics were used : (i) lifetime days personally mixed or applied metolachlor and (ii) intensity‐weighted lifetime days (lifetime days × an intensity level). Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for cancer subtypes by tertiles of metolachlor exposure. No clear risk for any cancer subtype was found for exposure to metolachlor. A significantly decreased RR was found for prostate cancer in the highest category of lifetime days exposure (RR = 0.59; 95%CI, 0.39–0.89) and in the second highest category of intensity‐weighted lifetime days exposure (RR = 0.66; 95%CI, 0.45–0.97); however, the test for trend was not significant for either exposure metric. A nonsignificantly increased risk was found for lung cancer with lifetime days exposure in the highest category (RR = 2.37; 95%CI, 0.97–5.82, p‐trend = 0.03) but not with intensity‐weighted lifetime days. Given the widespread use of metolachlor and the frequent detection of metolachlor in both surface and ground water, future analyses of the AHS will allow further examination of long‐term health effects, including lung cancer and the less common cancers. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of Silver Nanoparticle Exposure on Germination and Early Growth of Eleven Wetland Plants

The increasing commercial production of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) has led to concerns over the potential adverse impacts of these ENPs on biota in natural environments. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most widely used ENPs and are expected to enter natural ecosystems. Here we examined the effects of AgNPs on germination and growth of eleven species of common wetland plants. We examined plant responses to AgNP exposure in simple pure culture experiments (direct exposure) and for seeds planted in homogenized field soils in a greenhouse experiment (soil exposure). We compared the effects of two AgNPs–20-nm polyvinylpyrrolidine-coated silver nanoparticles (PVP-AgNPs) and 6-nm gum arabic coated silver nanoparticles (GA-AgNPs)–to the effects of AgNO3 exposure added at equivalent Ag concentrations (1, 10 or 40 mg Ag L−1). In the direct exposure experiments, PVP-AgNP had no effect on germination while 40 mg Ag L−1 GA-AgNP exposure significantly reduced the germination rate of three species and enhanced the germination rate of one species. In contrast, 40 mg Ag L−1 AgNO3 enhanced the germination rate of five species. In general root growth was much more affected by Ag exposure than was leaf growth. The magnitude of inhibition was always greater for GA-AgNPs than for AgNO3 and PVP-AgNPs. In the soil exposure experiment, germination effects were less pronounced. The plant growth response differed by taxa with Lolium multiflorum growing more rapidly under both AgNO3 and GA-AgNP exposures and all other taxa having significantly reduced growth under GA-AgNP exposure. AgNO3 did not reduce the growth of any species while PVP-AgNPs significantly inhibited the growth of only one species. Our findings suggest important new avenues of research for understanding the fate and transport of NPs in natural media, the interactions between NPs and plants, and indirect and direct effects of NPs in mixed plant communities.
Multi-label Image Classification with A Probabilistic Label Enhancement Model

In this paper, we present a novel probabilistic label enhancement model to tackle multi-label image classification problem. Recognizing multiple objects in images is a challenging problem due to label sparsity, appearance variations of the objects and occlusions. We propose to tackle these difficulties from a novel perspective by constructing auxiliary labels in the output space. Our idea is to exploit label combinations to enrich the label space and improve the label identification capacity in the original label space. In particular, we identify a set of informative label combination pairs by constructing a tree-structured graph in the label space using the maximum spanning tree algorithm, which naturally forms a conditional random field. We then use the produced label pairs as auxiliary new labels to augment the original labels and perform piecewise training under the framework of conditional random fields. In the test phase, max-product message passing is used to perform efficient inference on the tree graph, which integrates the augmented label pair classifiers and the standard individual binary classifiers for multi-label prediction. We evaluate the proposed approach on several image classification datasets. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our label enhancement model in terms of both prediction performance and running time comparing to the-state-of-the-art multi-label learning methods.
Blind Source Separation of Temporal Correlated Signals

In this paper, we present a new framework for blind source separation of temporal correlated signals. In general, temporal correlated signals are not independent which means the independence assumption for independent component analysis method is not satisfied. To achieve good separation performance, we apply high order statistics and temporal structure together to put the separation processing in residual level. The residual signals, which is residual part of source signals by extracted temporal structure, are independent. We discuss two types of BSS problem: instantaneous BSS and convolutive BSS. The cost function is derived by simplifying the mutual information of residual signals for both cases. And then we develop efficient learning algorithms respectively. Computer simulations are given to show the separation performance of the proposed algorithm and some comparisons with other algorithms are also provided.
PRiSMHA (Providing Rich Semantic Metadata for Historical Archives)

In this paper we present the PRiSMHA project, whose main goal is to demonstrate that a rich semantic representation of the content of historical documents is useful - since it can significantly improve the access to archival resources - and sustainable - thanks to a crowdsourcing approach. This goal poses interesting research challenges, both for the semantic model definition and the user interaction. Such challenges range from the dialog between computer scientists and historians, to the design of an effective ontology-driven user interface; from the strategies to ensure the quality of the semantic metadata produced, to the application of Information Extraction techniques to support user annotation.
Dry powder inhalers for pulmonary drug delivery

The pulmonary route is an interesting route for drug administration, both for effective local therapy (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or cystic fibrosis) and for the systemic administration of drugs (e.g., peptides and proteins). Well-designed dry powder inhalers are highly efficient systems for pulmonary drug delivery. However, they are also complicated systems, the the performance of which relies on many aspects, including the design of the inhaler (e.g., resistance to air flow and the used de-agglomeration principle to generate the inhalation aerosol), the powder formulation and the air flow generated by the patient. The technical background of these aspects, and how they may be tuned in order to obtain desired performance profiles, is reviewed. In light of the technical background, new developments and possibilities for further improvements are discussed.
Optimized power allocation for iterative multiuser detection for a SC-CDMA uplink

Abstract. This paper deals with optimization of the received power profile for iterative parallel and successive interference cancellation (PIC/SIC) in coded CDMA systems. For practical implementation additional constraints should be applied. This paper focuses on the maximum tolerable bit error rate. It will be shown that optimized power profile can considerably gain the overall system performance. Due to unequal required receive powers an allocation to certain users can be done with respect to their individual power constraints. This is important especially in near-far scenarios. Beside these constraints also the maximum number of iterations is implemented due to limiting the computational complexity in the receiver.
Tree-structured Gaussian process approximations Supplementary material

subject to q(f |u) = ∏ i q(fi|u) and ∫ dfiq(fi|u) = 1. It is noted that KL(a||b) is the measurement of information “lost” when using b to approximate a. It was argued in [1] that it is appropriate to use this KL divergence as an approximation measure since we are trying to find a sparse representation u and its relationship with f to approximate p by q. The KL divergence above can be expanded as follows, L1 = KL(p(f ,u)||q(f ,u)) (2)
Postcranial skeletal pneumaticity and air-sacs in the earliest pterosaurs

Patterns of postcranial skeletal pneumatization (PSP) indicate that pterosaurs possessed components of a bird-like respiratory system, including a series of ventilatory air-sacs. However, the presence of PSP in the oldest known pterosaurs has not been unambiguously demonstrated by previous studies. Here we provide the first unequivocal documentation of PSP in Late Triassic and earliest Jurassic pterosaurs. This demonstrates that PSP and, by inference, air-sacs were probably present in the common ancestor of almost all known pterosaurs, and has broader implications for the evolution of respiratory systems in bird-line archosaurs, including dinosaurs.
Avoiding Design Fixation: Transformation and Abstraction in Mapping from Source to Target

Designers try to ‘enlist’ whatever they can to help themselves arrive at high quality, novel and original designs. When stimuli are used for this purpose, usually provided at the onset of the design process, these stimuli, or sources, may have one of two effects: they may enhance the design search and contribute to a high-quality, creative design, or they may cause fixation, when the designer is unable to divorce him or herself from properties of the stimulus. This paper argues that to avoid fixation stimuli should not be within-domain and task examples, and in mapping from source to target it is essential to abstract relations among source objects, and to perform transformations in conjunction with transfer actions.
Effects of weekly one-hour Hatha yoga therapy on resilience and stress levels in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: an eight-week randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of Hatha yoga therapy on resilience, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, and salivary alpha amylase (SAA) activity in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Single-blinded, randomized controlled study in which outpatients with schizophrenia or related psychotic disorders (according to International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision) were randomly assigned to a yoga or a control group. SETTING November 2012-April 2013 at Yamanashi Prefectural Kita Hospital, Japan. INTERVENTIONS In the yoga group, patients received weekly 1-hour Hatha yoga sessions, in addition to regular treatment, for 8 weeks. Those in the control group underwent regular treatment, which included a daycare rehabilitation program. OUTCOME MEASURES Assessments included the 25-item Resilience Scale (RS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), plasma and salivary BDNF level, and SAA activity. RESULTS Fifty patients participated (25 in each group; mean age±standard deviation, 50.9±11.3 years; mean duration of illness, 25.0±10.3 years; mean total PANSS score, 78.2±17.3). No significant differences in changes in any variable from baseline to week 8 were found between the two groups (changes in the yoga group versus the control group: RS score, -1.6±19.9 versus 0.3±17.2; PANSS score, 0.5±12.0 versus 5.0±15.6; plasma BDNF, 41.6±377.0 pg/dl versus 73.4±346.0 pg/dl; SAA, -26.2±72.6 kU/l versus -13.8±68.0 kU/l, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Adjunct yoga therapy showed no positive changes in resilience level or stress markers. Duration and intensity of yoga sessions and the focus on patients with chronic illness may explain the negative observations in light of past positive evidence regarding yoga therapy.