Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A declarative perspective on adaptive manet routing

In this paper, we present a declarative perspective on adaptable extensible MANET protocols. Our work builds upon declarative networking, a recent innovation for building extensible network architectures using declarative languages. We make the following contributions. First, we demonstrate that traditional MANET protocols, ranging from proactive, reactive, to epidemic can be expressed in a compact fashion as declarative networks, and we validate experimentally the use of declarative techniques to implement traditional MANETs emulated on a testbed cluster. Second, we show that the declarative framework enables policy-driven adaptation, in which a generic set of declarative rule-based policies are used to make runtime decisions on the choice of MANET protocols. Third, we present some initial ideas on fine-grained protocol composition and adaptation, where a typical MANET protocol can be composed and adapted from simpler components.
Anxiety Sensitivity in Relation to Anxiety Symptoms Among Serbian Youth

Background: Accumulating evidence shows that anxiety sensitivity is associated with anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents. Factor analytic studies showed that anxiety sensitivity has hierarchical structure with a single higher-order factor of global anxiety sensitivity represented by two to four underlying facets. There has been little research on the relationship between certain facets (concerns) and anxiety symptoms. This study evaluated the relationships between anxiety sensitivity and anxiety symptoms in Serbian youth. Methods: In the study participated 456 non-referred youth, aged 8-18 years. The Child Anxiety Sensitivity Index (CASI) and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire were used. Data was analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. Results: In regression models, the CASI was a significant predictor of all SCARED scales (p ＜ 0.01), accounting for up to 28% of additional variance in particular anxiety symptoms. Moreover, a set of two to four facets accounted for significant additional variance. One CASI facet within the sets accounted for the most significant additional variance. Disease concerns accounted for the most of the variance of symptoms of panic disorder (22.1%), mental concerns of symptoms of GAD (12%) and school avoidance (7.3%), social concerns of symptoms of social phobia (11.9%), and unsteady concerns of symptoms of separation anxiety disorder (18.2%). Conclusions: Anxiety sensitivity is strongly related to anxiety symptoms in Serbian youth. However, different sets of two to four anxiety sensitivity facets predicted particular anxiety symptoms; with at least one facet within the set being the most predictive.
A preliminary study: aspirin discontinuation before elective operations; when is the optimal timing?

Purpose To evaluate the optimum timing of aspirin cessation before noncardiac surgeries. We have conducted a pilot study to minimize the aspirin cessation time before various surgeries. Methods Eighty patients who were taking regular aspirin for secondary prevention undergoing elective surgical operations were enrolled in the study. We separated the patients into two groups. The control group had 35 patients who stopped aspirin intake 10 days before surgery. The study group had 45 patients who stopped their aspirin intake and underwent surgery one day after arachidonic acid aggregation tests were within normal limits. Bleeding, blood loss, and transfusion requirements were assessed perioperatively. Results The mean time between aspirin cessation and aspirin nonresponsiveness were found to be 4.2 days with a median value of 4 days. In addition, the mean time between aspirin cessation and operation day were found to be 5.5 days with a median value of 5 days. No perioperative bleeding, thromboembolic or cardiovascular complications were encountered. Conclusion Reducing time of aspirin cessation from 7-10 days to 4-5 days is a possibility for patients using aspirin for secondary prevention without increased perioperative complications.
Asthma Outcomes and Costs of Therapy With Extrafine Beclomethasone and Fluticasone

G Colice, RJ Martin, E Israel. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;132(1):45–54 The investigators sought to compare asthma outcomes and costs of extra-fine hydrofluoroalkane (HFA)-beclomethasone (QVAR) and fluticasone (Flovent HFA). Patients aged 12 to 80 years with asthma were followed up for at least 1 year before (baseline year) and 1 year after (outcome year) the index date. Some patients received a first prescription of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as QVAR or Flovent on the index date. Other patients were receiving 1 of these 2 options as step-up therapy on the index date. This retrospective matched cohort study examined database markers of asthma control from a large US longitudinal health care claims database, matched …
Effect of aerobic training on menopausal symptoms—a randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess whether aerobic training affects menopausal symptoms in recently postmenopausal sedentary women. MethodsSymptomatic women aged 45 to 63 years (N = 176; 3-36 months since last menstruation) were randomly assigned to an aerobic training or a control group. The intervention included unsupervised aerobic training for 50 minutes four times weekly for 24 weeks, whereas the control group attended health lectures twice a month. Symptoms were reported twice a day using a mobile phone. The perceived disturbance of menopausal symptoms (night sweats, mood swings, irritability, depressive mood, headache, vaginal dryness, and urinary symptoms) was evaluated on a scale from 1 (low) to 5 (high). Multilevel mixed-effect ordinal regression models were based on 17,000 responses during 24 weeks. ResultsOne hundred fifty-four women continued until the end of the study (88% compliance rate). Baseline prevalence was as follows: night sweats, 50% to 60%; irritability and depression, 20% to 25%; mood swings, 25% to 30%; headache and urinary problems, 15% to 20%; and vaginal dryness, 10% to 15%. The prevalence of all symptoms except vaginal dryness decreased among intervention groups. According to multilevel mixed-effect ordinal regression analysis, night sweats and mood swings (P < 0.001) and disturbance of the mood swings (P < 0.001) and irritability (P < 0.001) were reduced more among the women in the intervention group than in the control group. ConclusionsIn sedentary women, aerobic training for 6 months may decrease the typical menopausal symptoms, especially night sweats, mood swings, and irritability.
Adjustable Robust Optimization Models for Nonlinear Multi-Period Optimization ∗

We study multi-period nonlinear optimization problems whose parameters are uncertain. We assume that uncertain parameters are revealed in stages and model them using the adjustable robust optimization approach. For problems with polytopic uncertainty, we show that quasi-convexity of the optimal value function of certain subproblems is sufficient for the reducibility of the resulting robust optimization problem to a single-level deterministic problem. We relate this sufficient condition to the quasi cone-convexity of the feasible set mapping for adjustable variables and present several examples and applications satisfying these conditions.
Quaternion Estimation for attitude determination using multiple L1 GPS receivers

The use of GPS carrier-phase measurements from multiple receivers can be used in the determination of multiple baseline vectors. This can be used for the high precision determination of a vehicle attitude. The use of these measurements requires the determination of the integer carrier phase ambiguities, which is a problem usually addressed with dual-frequency receivers. However, the high cost of these receivers lead to a strong motivation regarding the development of techniques using low-cost single-frequency receivers. In this paper, a high precision attitude determination technique, using a quaternion-based Extended Kalman Filter, based on multiple baselines is proposed, using low cost single frequency L1 GPS receivers. Test results with real data are presented.
Natriuretic Peptide-Induced Catecholamine Release from Cardiac Sympathetic Neurons: Inhibition by Histamine H3 and H4 Receptor Activation

We reported previously that natriuretic peptides, including brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), promote norepinephrine release from cardiac sympathetic nerves and dopamine release from differentiated pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. These proexocytotic effects are mediated by an increase in intracellular calcium secondary to cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) activation caused by a protein kinase G (PKG)-mediated inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 3 (PDE3). The purpose of the present study was to search for novel means to prevent the proadrenergic effects of natriuretic peptides. For this, we focused our attention on neuronal inhibitory Gαi/o-coupled histamine H3 and H4 receptors. Our findings show that activation of neuronal H3 and H4 receptors inhibits the release of catecholamines elicited by BNP in cardiac synaptosomes and differentiated PC12 cells. This effect results from a decrease in intracellular Ca2+ due to reduced intracellular cAMP/PKA activity, caused by H3 and H4 receptor-mediated PKG inhibition and consequent PDE3-induced increase in cAMP metabolism. Indeed, selective H3 and H4 receptor agonists each synergized with a PKG inhibitor and a PDE3 activator in attenuating BNP-induced norepinephrine release from cardiac sympathetic nerve endings. This indicates that PKG inhibition and PDE3 stimulation are pivotal for the H3 and H4 receptor-mediated attenuation of BNP-induced catecholamine release. Cardiac sympathetic overstimulation is characteristic of advanced heart failure, which was recently found not to be improved by the administration of recombinant BNP (nesiritide), despite the predicated beneficial effects of natriuretic peptides. Because excessive catecholamine release is likely to offset the desirable effects of natriuretic peptides, our findings suggest novel means to alleviate their adverse effects and improve their therapeutic potential.
End-of-line fault detection for combustion engines using one-class classification

With increasing complexity of today's automotive combustion engines, end-of-line (EOL) testing has become an important method to test assembled engines for production faults. Several hundered measurement signals are evaluated for every EOL test, up to 100% of production volume. The difficulty of finding and maintaining accurate test limits makes EOL testing of complex products interesting as a machine learning problem. In this work, we define the EOL application as a one-class classification problem which can be solved by the support vector data description. The focus is on the comparison of three hyperparameter tuning methods that use little or no measurements from rarely occuring faulty engines. Experimental results with real production data show that fault detection rates of 95% are achievable in the industrial environment despite the high dimensionality of the EOL test data.
From Frame Properties to Hypersequent Rules in Modal Logics

We provide a general method for generating cutfree and/or analytic hypersequent Gentzen-type calculi for a variety of normal modal logics. The method applies to all modal logics characterized by Kripke frames, transitive Kripke frames, or symmetric Kripke frames satisfying some properties, given by first-order formulas of a certain simple form. This includes the logics KT, KD, S4, S5, K4D, K4.2, K4.3, KBD, KBT, and other modal logics, for some of which no Gentzen calculi was presented before. Cut-admissibility (or analyticity in the case of symmetric Kripke frames) is proved semantically in a uniform way for all constructed calculi. The decidability of each modal logic in this class immediately follows.
Divergent functions and distinct localization of the Notch ligands DLL1 and DLL3 in vivo

The Notch ligands Dll1 and Dll3 are coexpressed in the presomitic mesoderm of mouse embryos. Despite their coexpression, mutations in Dll1 and Dll3 cause strikingly different defects. To determine if there is any functional equivalence, we replaced Dll1 with Dll3 in mice. Dll3 does not compensate for Dll1; DLL1 activates Notch in Drosophila wing discs, but DLL3 does not. We do not observe evidence for antagonism between DLL1 and DLL3, or repression of Notch activity in mice or Drosophila. In vitro analyses show that differences in various domains of DLL1 and DLL3 individually contribute to their biochemical nonequivalence. In contrast to endogenous DLL1 located on the surface of presomitic mesoderm cells, we find endogenous DLL3 predominantly in the Golgi apparatus. Our data demonstrate distinct in vivo functions for DLL1 and DLL3. They suggest that DLL3 does not antagonize DLL1 in the presomitic mesoderm and warrant further analyses of potential physiological functions of DLL3 in the Golgi network.
Cyclic Adenosme Monophosphate Modulation of Slow Calcium Influx Channels in Guinea Pig Hearts

The relationship between cellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and slow inward calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) current was studied in isolated perfused guinea pig hearts in which fast sodium ion (Na + ) channels had been inactivated by depolarization with potassium ions (K + ) or blockade with tetrodotoxin. Perfusion with 22 mM K + depolarized cardiac tissue to approximately -40 mv and rendered hearts inexcitable. Tetrodotoxin (3 x 10 "'M) blocked excitability without altering resting membrane potential. Excitability and contractions could be restored to these hearts with a variety of inotropic agents that also raised the measured tissue levels of cyclic AMP or with high concentrations of Ca I+ . The magnitude of steady-state tension developed by restored hearts was directly related to the external Ca 2+ concentration as well as to the concentration of the restoring agent used. The tension of restored hearts was markedly reduced by Ca ! + -channel antagonists. Elevation of cyclic AMP levels preceded restoration of excitability to inactivated hearts. A highly significant positive correlation was found between the magnitude of Ca >+ -depen-dent tension developed by restored hearts and the level of cyclic AMP in those hearts. Glucagon and ouabain, inotropic drugs that do not elevate myocardial levels of cyclic AMP, failed to restore depolarized or tetrodotoxin-blocked hearts. Therefore, cyclic AMP appears to modulate slow Ca s+ influx channels in myocardial cells.
EFFECTS OF EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT AND WELFARE ON PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF ACCRA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, GHANA

Human resources are the most important resource of every organization. To get the best out of them, they need to be properly managed by providing them with the needed resources. Employee development and welfare are basically a higher form of motivation to prove their commitment. This study was designed to assess the effects of employee development and welfare on the performance of the staff of Accra Technical University, Ghana. A total of 100 respondents comprising 21 senior staff and 79 junior staff were used in the study and a questionnaire was used to gather data. Findings indicated that short courses, seminars, workshops, delegation, coaching, and participation are some of the employee development activities of Accra Technical University. Welfare packages include first aid equipment, sitting facility, medical facilities and leave travel concessions. Factors that generally affect employee development and welfare are limited opportunities, organizational culture, and the attitude of top management. Among the recommendations made was that management should have more organized and efficient development program opportunities for its employees to help retain them. Additionally, management should improve the welfare packages of employees. Article visualizations:
Detecting anomalies in Twitter stream for public security issues

Social networking services gain more often interest for research goals in several fields and applications thanks to the big amount of data that users daily post on them. Knowledge that has accumulated in the social sites enables to catch the reflection of real world events. In this work we present a general framework for event detection from Twitter. The framework aims to collect tweets related to a particular social event, in order to filter and classify those which can be relevant to detect malicious actions in Twitter communities. Relevant tweets are processed to raise an alert in case of anomaly within the collected set.
Evaluating the Impacts of Agricultural Development on Landscape Scale Ecosystem Stability in a European Context

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iii LIST OF FIGURES . vi LIST OF TABLES . vii LIST OF EQUATIONS . viii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 Problem Statement . 3 1.2.1 Goals and Objectives . 3 1.3 Outline of Thesis . 4 Chapter 2: Review of Literature . 5 2.1 Ecosystem functioning, stability, and biodiversity . 5 2.1.2 Relationships between Biodiversity and Productivity . 6 2.1.3 Functional Diversity and Productivity . 7 2.1. 4 Stability-Diversity . 9 2.1. 5 Measuring Diversity. 12 2.2 Landscape Ecology . 13 2.2.1 Agricultural impacts. 14 2.2.2 Landscape Ecology as a tool for Governance . 16 2.3 Ecological and Agricultural History of Europe. 18 2.3. 1 The Origins of Agriculture. 18 2.3. 2 Ecological History of Europe. 19 2.3. 3 Agricultural History of Europe . 20 2.4 Pollen Records. 23 2.4. 1 Pollen Record Source . 24 2.4. 2 Indicators of Human Development . 24 2.4. 3 Radiocarbon Dating . 25 2.4. 4 Analyzing Pollen Records. 26 Chapter 3: Manuscript. 28 3.
Human Neuroscience Original Research Article Oxytocin Receptor Genetic Variation Promotes Human Trust Behavior Materials and Methods

Given that human trust behavior is heritable and intranasal administration of oxytocin enhances trust, the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene is an excellent candidate to investigate genetic contributions to individual variations in trust behavior. Although a single-nucleotide polymorphism involving an adenine (A)/guanine (G) transition (rs53576) has been associated with socio-emotional phenotypes, its link to trust behavior is unclear. We combined genotyping of healthy male students (n = 108) with the administration of a trust game experiment. Our results show that a common occurring genetic variation (rs53576) in the OXTR gene is reliably associated with trust behavior rather than a general increase in trustworthy or risk behaviors. Individuals homozygous for the G allele (GG) showed higher trust behavior than individuals with A allele carriers (AA/AG). Although the molecular functionality of this polymorphism is still unknown, future research should clarify how the OXTR gene interacts with other genes and the environment in promoting socio-emotional behaviors. INTRODUCTION Human societies are probably unique in the extent to which trust characterizes interpersonal interactions. Trust as a critical social process is indispensable in friendship, love, families, and organizations , and it facilitates interpersonal relations and permits reciprocal behaviors that lead to mutual advantages for cooper-ators during social and economic exchange. In everyday parlance variations in trust are often attributed to attitudes or personality – for example, we may describe one person as " very trusting " and another as " so mistrustful. " However, trust behavior – the willingness to carry out an action benefiting another person that may leave one vulnerable to some risk of loss – may not be entirely predictable from dispositional factors. Consider a small business owner with an excellent credit history in the current challenging economic environment trying to make an application with a bank for a loan from one of two loan officers. Although the two bank officials may be equally empathetic or altruistic, only one offers to extend a loan. What accounts for the difference in behavior: do genetic factors have a role? Twin studies have shown that trust behavior is heritable (Cesarini et al., 2008), suggesting that specific genes may be responsible for inter-individual variation. Overlaying the genetics are studies that have sought to understand the role of neuropep-tides in the brain such as oxytocin (OXT). Converging animal and human evidence reveals that OXT, a peptide that is produced in the hypothalamus and released in the brain and bloodstream …
Activation of Inflammasomes Requires Intracellular Redistribution of the Apoptotic Speck-Like Protein Containing a Caspase Recruitment Domain1

Activation of caspase 1 is essential for the maturation and release of IL-1β and IL-18 and occurs in multiprotein complexes, referred to as inflammasomes. The apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) is the essential adaptor protein for recruiting pro-caspase 1 into inflammasomes, and consistently gene ablation of ASC abolishes caspase 1 activation and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18. However, distribution of endogenous ASC has not yet been examined in detail. In the present study, we demonstrated that ASC localized primarily to the nucleus in resting human monocytes/macrophages. Upon pathogen infection, ASC rapidly redistributed to the cytosol, followed by assembly of perinuclear aggregates, containing several inflammasome components, including caspase 1 and Nod-like receptors. Prevention of ASC cytosolic redistribution completely abolished pathogen-induced inflammasome activity, which affirmed that cytosolic localization of ASC is essential for inflammasome function. Thus, our study characterized a novel mechanism of inflammasome regulation in host defense.
Doses of Insulin and Its Analogues and Cancer Occurrence in Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetic Patients

OBJECTIVE Recent epidemiological studies suggested that some insulin analogues could be associated with increased risk of cancer. The present study is aimed at assessing the long-term association of different insulin analogues with cancer incidence. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A nested case-control study dataset was generated from the cohort study dataset (n = 1,340 insulin-treated diabetic outpatients) by sampling control subjects from the risk sets. For each case subject, the control subjects (up to five) were chosen randomly from those members of the cohort who are at risk for the same follow-up time of the case subject. Five-year age classes, sex, and BMI classes (<18.5, 18.5–24.9, 25–29.9, and ≥30 kg/m2) were considered as additional categorical matching variables. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 75.9 months (interquartile range 27.4–133.7), 112 case subjects of incident cancer were compared with 370 matched control subjects. A significantly higher mean daily dose of glargine was observed in case subjects than in control subjects (0.24 IU/kg/day [0.10–0.39] versus 0.16 IU/kg/day [0.12–0.24], P = 0.036). Incident cancer was associated with a dose of glargine ≥0.3 IU/kg/day even after adjusting for Charlson comorbidity score, other types of insulin administration, and metformin exposure (odds ratio 5.43 [95% CI 2.18–13.53], P < 0.001). No association between incident cancer and insulin doses was found for human insulin or other analogues. CONCLUSIONS The possibility of association between cancer and higher glargine doses suggests that dosages should always be considered when assessing the possible association of insulin and its analogues with cancer.