Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epitope-Dependent Inhibition of T Cell Activation by the Ea Transgene: An Explanation for Transgene-Mediated Protection from Murine Lupus1

A high level expression of the Ead transgene encoding the I-E α-chain is highly effective in the suppression of lupus autoantibody production in mice. To explore the possible modulation of the Ag-presenting capacity of B cells as a result of the transgene expression, we assessed the ability of the transgenic B cells to activate Ag-specific T cells in vitro. By using four different model Ag-MHC class II combinations, this analysis revealed that a high transgene expression in B cells markedly inhibits the activation of T cells in an epitope-dependent manner, without modulation of the I-E expression. The transgene-mediated suppression of T cell responses is likely to be related to the relative affinity of peptides derived from transgenic I-E α-chains (Eα peptides) vs antigenic peptides to individual class II molecules. Our results support a model of autoimmunity prevention based on competition for Ag presentation, in which the generation of large amounts of Eα peptides with high affinity to I-A molecules decreases the use of I-A for presentation of pathogenic self-peptides by B cells, thereby preventing excessive activation of autoreactive T and B cells.
Analyse de pratiques d'étudiants dans un centre de ressources de langues : Indicateurs d'autonomie dans l'apprentissage

Cette recherche porte sur les processus par lesquels les etudiants expriment leur autonomie d’apprentissage tout en apprenant une langue etrangere dans le dispositif. Quatre indicateurs sont proposes pour l’analyse qualitative d’observations et d’entretiens combines, menes aupres de huit etudiants. Les pratiques d’exploration des ressources, plutot peu ouvertes ou extensives, confirment l’influence de l’environnement et des circonstances sur la trajectoire d’apprentissage. Le controle du processus d’apprentissage par l’etudiant se manifeste par un pilotage flou et un retour reflexif. Les routines developpees a des fins d’apprentissage sont dynamiques, contrairement aux routines de survie, figees. Concernant la gestion des contraintes inherentes au dispositif, les etudiants observes « bricolent » tous leur propre dispositif, entre liberte et contraintes. Par ailleurs, l’explicitation des actions par l’etudiant apparait pouvoir declencher a elle seule une reflexivite sur l’apprentissage.
Diagonal Loading of Robust General-Rank Beamformer for Direction of Arrival Mismatch

This study presents a technique which utilizes the movement of the peak of the main beam towards the presumed signal direction with negative diagonal loading for robust general-rank beamformer. The main beam symmetry along presumed signal direction is improved by this movement. When desired signal is contained in the data snapshots, the conventional beamformers face the problem of performance degradation even if there is a small mismatch between the presumed and the actual signal direction. Diagonal loading is a popular technique to mitigate this problem. There is no definite criterion to find diagonal loading level. A new diagonal loading method has been proposed in the literature which utilizes the movement of the peak of main beam towards the presumed signal direction with positive diagonal loading. The proposed technique works iteratively for the selection of negative diagonal loading level to move the main beam at a position to get the beam symmetry at desired level and hence the desired robustness. The mismatched signal will not be cancelled as long as it is within the half of the width of the main beam. But there is the tradeoff between this robustness and interference cancelling capability.
p75 Neurotrophin Receptor in the Skin: Beyond Its Neurotrophic Function

p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), also known as CD271, is the low-affinity receptor that, together with the tyrosine kinase receptor tropomyosin-receptor kinase (Trk), mediate neurotrophin (NT) functions. Beside their classic role in skin innervation, NT and their receptors constitute a complex cutaneous network associated with a number of autocrine and paracrine activities. In this context, the role of p75NTR is becoming more and more important. This review will focus on the intriguing functions of p75NTR in healthy and diseased skin. First, p75NTR counterbalances the proliferative and survival activities of its cognate receptor Trk by inducing keratinocyte apoptosis. In addition, p75NTR identifies an early transit-amplifying (TA) keratinocyte population and plays a critical role in keratinocyte stem cell transition to its progeny as well as in epidermal differentiation. p75NTR is absent in psoriatic TA cells, thus rendering these cells resistant to apoptosis. On the other hand, p75NTR infection restores NT-induced apoptosis in psoriatic keratinocytes. Taken together, these results provide evidence for a critical role of p75NTR in epidermal homeostasis, while its lack may account for the TA defect in psoriasis. While the issue of p75NTR as a marker of melanoma initiating cells is still to be solved, there is strong evidence that downregulation of this receptor is a precondition to melanoma invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. All in all, this review points to p75NTR as a major actor in both physiologic and pathologic conditions at the skin level.
Normal intracranial translucency and posterior fossa at 11–13 weeks' gestation in a fetus with closed spina bifida

At first-trimester screening (11–13 weeks) the midsagittal plane shows not only nuchal translucency (NT) and the nasal bone, but also the posterior brain region. Intracranial translucency (IT) and the posterior fossa have been shown to be abnormal in fetuses with open neural tube defects in the first trimester1–4 but, so far, no information about potential changes in fetuses with closed spina bifida is available. We report the case of a 37-year-old woman, para 2, with an uneventful history who underwent first-trimester screening at 13 + 1 weeks’ gestation. Crown–rump length was normal (77 mm) but NT was increased at 4.2 mm. Comprehensive transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound examination revealed the absence of the left umbilical artery without signs of associated malformations. As part of a multicenter study in Berlin assessing the value of posterior brain measurements for early detection of neural tube defects the following structures were also evaluated: IT, brainstem (BS), distance of BS to occipital bone (BSOB), cisterna magna (CM), BS/BSOB ratio. All values were within the normal range4: IT, 1.7 mm; BS, 2.2 mm; BSOS, 5.8 mm; CM, 1.9 mm; BS/BSOB, 0.38 (Figure 1).
The Chinese Wall security policy

The authors explore a commercial security policy (the Chinese Wall) which represents the behavior required of those persons who perform corporate analysis for financial institutions. It can be distinguished from Bell-LaPadula-like policies by the way that a user's permitted accesses are constrained by the history of his previous accesses. It is shown that the formal representation of the policy correctly permits a market analyst to talk to any corporation which does not create a conflict of interest with previous assignments. The Chinese Wall policy combines commercial discretion with legally enforceable mandatory controls. It is required in the operation of many financial services organizations; the authors conclude that it is, therefore, perhaps as significant to the financial world as Bell-LaPadula's policies are to the military. <<ETX>>
Different Measures for Assessing Stroke Outcome: An Analysis From the International Stroke Trial in Italy

Background and Purpose— We sought to assess the relationship between 2 simple questions on recovery (question 1: do you feel that you have made a complete recovery from your stroke? ) and dependency (question 2: do you require help from another person for everyday activities? ) and the Barthel Index (BI) and Oxford Handicap Scale (OHS), as well as the relationship between BI and OHS, in a large number of Italian stroke survivors who participated in the International Stroke Trial (IST). Methods— We used data from 2423 patients interviewed by telephone at 6 months after the event. The &kgr; statistic, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated for several comparisons. Internal consistency for BI was calculated. Results— The reliability of the dependency question compared with BI=20 (&kgr;=0.93) and the reliability of the recovery question compared with OHS=0 (&kgr;=0.89) were good. Sensitivity of the dependency question in predicting whether patients scored BI >18 was 0.98; sensitivity of the recovery question in predicting whether patients scored OHS=0 was 0.99. The reliability of BI=20 compared with OHS <3 was good (&kgr;=0.87). Internal consistency of BI was very high (Cronbach’s &agr;=0.96). Conclusions— The 2 simple questions are a good means of evaluating outcome from a patient’s view and of dichotomizing the stroke survivor in a time-effective and reliable way.
Coronary artery responses to physiological stimuli are improved by deferoxamine but not by L-arginine in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries and no other risk factors.

BACKGROUND Acetylcholine produces coronary artery (CA) constriction in diabetic patients, suggesting an impairment of endothelium-dependent dilation. In diabetes, multiple metabolic abnormalities may inactivate nitric oxide through oxygen free radical production. METHODS AND RESULTS To examine the mechanism of this abnormal response, two physiological tests (ie, a cold pressor test [CPT] and coronary flow increase induced by an injection of 10 mg papaverine [PAP] in the distal left anterior descending CA) were performed before and after either intravenous L-arginine (625 mg/min x 10 minutes) or intravenous deferoxamine (50 mg/min x 10 minutes) in 22 normotensive nonsmoking diabetic patients with angiographically normal CAs and normal cholesterol. Coronary surface areas were measured with quantitative angiography. Before the administration of L-arginine or deferoxamine, CPT induced CA constriction in both groups (-14 +/- 10% and -15 +/- 11%, respectively; each P<.001), and PAP injection in distal LAD did not modify significantly proximal LAD dimensions. In the 10 diabetic patients receiving L-arginine, responses to CPT and PAP were not modified. Conversely, in the 12 patients receiving deferoxamine, CA dilated in response to the two tests (+10 +/- 9% after CPT and +22 +/- 7% after PAP, each P<.001). Intracoronary isosorbide dinitrate, an endothelium-independent dilator, produced similar dilation in the two groups (+47 +/- 19% and +41 +/- 15%, respectively; each P<.001). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that (1) responses of angiographically normal CAs to CPT and to flow increase are impaired in diabetic patients; (2) abnormal responses are not improved by L-arginine, suggesting that a deficit in substrate for nitric oxide synthesis is not involved; and (3) deferoxamine restores a vasodilator response to the two tests, suggesting that inactivation of NO by oxygen species might be partly responsible for the impairment of CA dilation in diabetic patients.
Advanced OR and AI Methods in Transportation SECOND ORDER TRAFFIC FLOW MODELLING : THE RIEMANN PROBLEM RESOLUTION IN HOMOGENEOUS CASE WITHOUT RELAXATION TERM

This paper presents the theoretical discussions, the improvement and the complete resolution, in the homogenous case, of the recent second order macroscopic model developments suggested by Aw & Rascle and Zhang respectively. The improved model respects strictly the anisotropic character and solve the lacks concerning the resolution of Riemann’s problem.
Power efficient shift register using FinFET technology

A low power shift register by using FinFET is proposed in this paper. This is done to achieve improvement in performance of shift register. Previously designed Shift register makes use of CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconducter) which dissipates more power as compared to the proposed circuit, so we need a circuit that work on low power. Now we design a shift register by using FinFET technology that circuit show the reducing leakage power. This overcomes circuit of FinFET shift register run on low power. This FinFET shift register is an important memory element in digital system. The proposed circuit is expected to high speed and high reliability due to the using FinFET technology. The comparison between shift register and FinFET shift resister are using CMOS 45nm technology which lower 41% of leakage power then the previous transistor technology.
Matching/mismatching revisited: an empirical study of learning and teaching styles

This paper presents results of a research project that explored the relationship between matching and mismatching instructional presentation style (breadth-first and depth-first) with students' cognitive style (field-dependence/-independence) in a computer-based learning environment. 73 postgraduate students were asked to create Web pages using HTML, using instructional materials that were either matched or mismatched with their cognitive styles. Significant differences in performance on a multiple choice test of conceptual knowledge were found for students learning in matched and mismatched conditions. Performance in matched conditions was significantly superior to that in mismatched conditions. However, significant effects were found for gender, matching mainly affecting male students. Performance on a practical test of Web page creation was not linked to matching or mismatching, but was linked to an interaction between gender and instructional presentation style. The findings provide support for the notion that matching and mismatching can have significant effects on learning outcomes. The paper concludes with suggestions for further research.
The Role of Interferon in Influenza Virus Tissue Tropism

ABSTRACT We have studied the pathogenesis of influenza virus infection in mice that are unable to respond to type I or II interferons due to a targeted disruption of the STAT1 gene. STAT1−/− animals are 100-fold more sensitive to lethal infection with influenza A/WSN/33 virus than are their wild-type (WT) counterparts. Virus replicated only in the lungs of WT animals following intranasal (i.n.) virus inoculation, while STAT1−/− mice developed a fulminant systemic influenza virus infection following either i.n. or intraperitoneal inoculation. We investigated the mechanism underlying this altered virus tropism by comparing levels of virus replication in fibroblast cell lines and murine embryonic fibroblasts derived from WT mice, STAT−/− mice, and mice lacking gamma interferon (IFNγ−/− mice) or the IFN-α receptor (IFNαR−/− mice). Influenza A/WSN/33 virus replicates to high titers in STAT1−/− or IFNαR−/− fibroblasts, while cells derived from WT or IFNγ−/− animals are resistant to influenza virus infection. Immunofluorescence studies using WT fibroblast cell lines demonstrated that only a small subpopulation of WT cells can be infected and that in the few infected WT cells, virus replication is aborted at an early, nuclear phase. In all organs examined except the lung, influenza A WSN/33 virus infection is apparently prevented by an intact type I interferon response. Our results demonstrate that type I interferon plays an important role in determining the pathogenicity and tissue restriction of influenza A/WSN/33 virus in vivo and in vitro.
A planar 60GHz antenna for MIMO/diversity applications

A novel printed 60-GHz antenna for MIMO/diversity applications is presented in this paper. This antenna consists of two coplanar waveguides (CPW) feeding triangle-shaped radiating element for orthogonal radiation pattern and a rectangle stub is inserted at 45° between them to achieve high isolation. The antenna is prototyped using RO5880 printed-circuit board. Experimental result shows that the antenna impedance bandwidth for S11<-10dB is 54.5GHz to 63.1 GHz including the majority 60-GHz working band. The compact size of 5.5mm∗5.5mm indicates that the proposed antenna is a candidate for mobile WPAN systems.
WMAP 3-year polarization data: Implications for the reionization history

We show that the delay of structure formation can not fully account for the reduction of electron optical depth from WMAP1 to WMAP3 when the radiative transfer effects and feedback mechanisms are took into account in computing the reionization history of the Universe. We also show that a PopIII stellar cluster with a mass of 80Mo and a heavy Larson initial mass function has an ionizing efficiency high enough to account for WMAP3 results, while in the case of WMAP1, a higher stellar mass of 1000Mo was required.
Distributed field reconstruction with model-robust basis pursuit

We study the use of distributed average consensus and compressed sensing to perform decentralized estimation of a field measured by networked sensors. We examine field reconstruction of multiple acoustic sources from isotropic magnitude measurements. Compressed projections of global network observations are spread throughout the network using consensus, after which all nodes may invert the source field using ℓ1 recovery methods. To approximate the problem as a discrete linear system, the space of source locations is quantized, introducing model error. We propose a model-robust adaptation to basis pursuit to control for the error arising from the spatial quantization. We show conditions for stability of the robust estimator, providing bounds on the reconstruction error based on perturbation constants, source magnitudes, and mutual coherence. Experiments show that the two types of robust estimators successfully address infeasibility and consistency issues that arise in basis pursuit for spatially quantized acoustic sources.
Role of Genotype in the Cycle of Violence in Maltreated Children

We studied a large sample of male children from birth to adulthood to determine why some children who are maltreated grow up to develop antisocial behavior, whereas others do not. A functional polymorphism in the gene encoding the neurotransmitter-metabolizing enzyme monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) was found to moderate the effect of maltreatment. Maltreated children with a genotype conferring high levels of MAOA expression were less likely to develop antisocial problems. These findings may partly explain why not all victims of maltreatment grow up to victimize others, and they provide epidemiological evidence that genotypes can moderate children's sensitivity to environmental insults.
Live-cell multiphoton fluorescence correlation spectroscopy with an improved large Stokes shift fluorescent protein

An improved variant of mKeima, a monomeric long Stokes shift red fluorescent protein, is introduced, called hmKeima8.5. Its increased intracellular brightness and long Stokes shift (~180 nm) make it an excellent partner with teal fluorescent protein (mTFP1) for multiphoton, multicolor applications. Here we demonstrate its utility in intracellular fluorescence correlation spectroscopy applications.
Dynamic visualization of protein secondary structures

Visualization of molecular structures and their characteristics represents a very popular and extensive area of computer graphics, in which the researchers are intensively interested for the last decades. During this time there have been developed many methods for visualization of molecules, which are trying to satisfy the needs of biochemists. These methods are mainly designed for the visualization of the particular molecule in a static position. However, the need for displaying the movements of the molecule was increasing and several possibilities were designed. For the most of the existing methods this step means just quite simple extension (mostly just introducing the interpolation method). But for the more complex visualization methods, such as Cartoon (visualization of so called secondary structures of the protein molecule), this task is not so straightforward. Special techniques have to be implemented in order to obtain a plausible method for visualization of secondary structures in time space.
Counselor-Led Human Relations Training as a Consultation Strategy.

The human relations development (HRD) model has received considerable attention in the professional literature on counseling. Rogers (1953) first suggested that the success or failure of the therapeutic relationship may hinge, at least in part, on the counselor's ability to provide certain core conditions (e.g., warmth, empathy, respect). Although these core conditions have been the focus of numerous studies, Halkides's (1958) investigation seems to have set the stage for much of the subsequent research. Halkides observed differences in the core conditions as they related to therapeutic success or failure. The research that followed examined the core conditions and associated skills as they related to a variety of outcome variables such as self-exploration (Holder, Carkhuff, & Berenson, 1967; Shapiro, Krauss, & Truax, 1965; Truax & Carkhuff, 1965), therapeutic outcomes (Carkhuff & Berenson, 1967; Pagell, Carkhuff, & Berenson, 1967), and client conflict resolution (Tosi, 1970). Thereafter, research began to focus on a more global representation of the helping relationship through the examination of the teacher-student relationship (Aspy, 1965, 1968; Aspy & Hadlock, 1967; Carkhuff, Krotoehvil, & Friel, 1968). These studies placed the emphasis on the examination of core conditions within the teacher-student relationship as the conditions related to student outcomes. As with counseling and psychotherapy, the focus of this research changed with the advent of systematic training models designed to provide programs that enabled teachers to function at effective levels. Researchers, using the findings of the HRD process research, began to develop training strategies to assist individuals in acquiring higher levels of the core conditions in helping relationships (Carkhuff, 1969). Later, the research focused on the effects of training programs on the teacher-student relationship (Aspy, 1972; Aspy & Roebuck, 1977; Berenson, 1971; Harbach & Asbury, 1976; Hefele, 1971; Robinson & Brosh, 1980, Saba, 1975). The culminating effect of this research suggested that teachers trained in HRD skills focusing on interpersonal
A Compact X-Band Receiver Front-End Module Based on Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic Technology

This letter presents a compact low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) receiver front-end module integrating 9 building blocks. The receiver is a twice-frequency-conversion front-end module with image rejection, works at X-band, consists of an X-band embedded image rejection band-pass filter (BPF), an L- band multilayer image rejection quasi-ellipitc BPF, two monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) low noise amplifiers (LNAs), two intermediate frequency (IF) amplifiers, two mixers, a IF BPF, and some lumped passive components. All MMICs are mounted into pre- making cavities in the three layers LTCC substrate of the top surface, and the interconnection between MMICs and surface microstrip-line is established by bond wires. A multilayer five-pole Chebyshev interdigital BPF is developed as the first image rejection filter, and a four-pole quasi-elliptic BPF composed of stepped-impedance hairpin resonator and miniaturized hairpin resonators that can be coupled through the apertures on the common ground plane is proposed for as the second image rejection filter. The developed X-band receiver front-end module is fabricated using twenty layers LTCC dielectric substrate, which has a compact size of 30 × 20 × 20 mm 3 (including the metal cavity). The measured receiver gain and noise figure are more than 32 dB and less than 4 dB, respectively. The first and second image rejection is better than 28 dB and 40 dB, respectively. Compared with conventional receiver front-end module using hybrid microwave integrated circuit (HMIC) technology, the proposed receiver module not only has compact size, but also has good performance.