Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Step Ahead Prediction for Anomaly Detection of Geomagnetic Observation in HVDC Transmission

This paper presents an intelligent model for the recognition of high-voltage direct current interference in geomagnetic observation stations. Firstly, it introduces the history and current status of geomagnetic observation in China, highlighting the issue of station interference from HVDC. Next, it discusses the application of traditional methods and deep learning techniques in the identification of geomagnetic data interference, along with related research. To address these issues, the paper emphasizes the proposed model framework, which includes four main components: data preprocessing, model training, interference recognition, and visualization. Data preprocessing is carried out to eliminate dimensional differences between data by using standardization and data augmentation techniques, increasing the diversity and robustness of training data. Model training involves the use of an LSTM network, which learns temporal patterns and relevant features in the input data, implicitly performing feature extraction and representation learning. In the interference recognition stage, the concept of anomaly scores is introduced, and the anomaly score for each data point is calculated using mean and covariance to determine if the point is an anomaly. Finally, the results of interference recognition are presented through visualization. In the experimental section, the paper conducts a comprehensive evaluation of four different models (LSTM, RNN_TANH, RNN_RELU, and GRU) when used as the training network for the proposed model. The evaluation focuses on three aspects: model performance, computational cost, and Friedman’s test. The experimental results demonstrate that selecting LSTM as the training network with a time step of 3 achieves optimal performance in all three aspects, showcasing strong generalization capabilities.
A Case Report on Prolonged Response with Trastuzumab Emtansine (T-DM1) in Recurrent Advance Breast Cancer Setting

Breast cancer holds the dubious distinction of being the most prevalent malignant tumor among women worldwide the 5 year survival rate for patients with advanced or metastatic forms of the disease is estimated at a mere 23%, with approximately 20% of cases exhibiting an amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). HER2 overexpression was linked to a dismal prognosis prior to the advent of targeted HER2 therapies. The introduction of ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) has emerged as one of the standard treatment options for HER2-positive breast cancer patients who experience a recurrence or progression of the disease. This case concerns a patient with recurrent metastatic breast cancer who achieved an unusually extended period of time without the disease progressing while on T-DM1 treatment. After experiencing disease progression on multiple treatment lines involving trastuzumab, the patient achieved a nearly complete clinical remission (cCR) with T-DM1 therapy. The availability of cost-effective biosimilars has expanded access to advanced biologic therapies, which were previously limited to a small segment of the population due to the cost barrier.
Procedure for the elimination of interference in a radar unit of the fmcw type

PURPOSE: A method and an apparatus for eliminating an interference in a type of a FMCW radar unit are provided to eliminate an FFT interference, induced in eliminating an interference of a pulse with inserting a clipping, by mixing a signal interfered in a FFT process with an original signal. CONSTITUTION: A radar is composed of a transmitter(1) and a receiver(2). An antenna(3) connects with a transmitter(1) and a receiver(2) by a circulator, and transmitter(1) connects with an oscillator controller(5) having a variable frequency, and a frequency sweep from the oscillator controller(5) generates a signal, changed periodically, is transmitted through a direct coupler(7) and the circulator(4) at the antenna(3). The signal received at the antenna(3) is mixed with the circulator(4), and a reflected signal is unified with the transmitted signal, after filtering the signal passing through an amplifier gains a bit signal, and a unit which, such as FFT processor(11) generates a signal ,is carried to a step of destroying and detecting the mixing of the variable signal without the interference in the signal.
Relationship between Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (Vcam-1) Level with Severity Degree of COVID-19 Patients at General Hospital H. Adam Malik Medan

Background: The mechanism and pathogenesis of COVID-19 that distinguishes asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe to critical symptoms is not yet known with certainty. Endothelial dysfunction and immune thrombosis serve as a profound pathogenic mechanism in COVID-19. Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is a major regulator of leukocyte adhesion that contributes to the formation of thrombosis. The purpose of the study determine the relationship between VCAM-1 level with the severity degree in COVID-19 patients. Methods: An analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from September – March 2022. This study was followed by 50 patients aged over 18 years with moderate, severe, and critical degrees of COVID-19 admitted to Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan by excluding malignancy and pregnancy patients. Serum VCAM-1 levels were measured using Chemwell Analyzer. Results: Among 50 patients, 33 patients (66%) were male and 17 patients (34%) were female. The mean age was 57 years with the youngest 19 years old and the oldest 81 years old. The median level of VCAM-1 was 23,02 ng/mL (10.96 ng/mL - 50.63 ng/mL). The median concentration of VCAM-1 was 37.85 ng/mL (15,59 – 50.63), 36.68 ng/mL (19.58 – 49.71), and 18.83 ng/mL (10.96 – 46.32) for critical, severe, and moderate degree respectively (p = 0.001). The cut-off value of VCAM-1 levels to predict the severity of COVID-19 is 32.01 ng/mL. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between VCAM-1 levels and the severity of COVID-19.
Study of Cd (II) ions biosorption from aqueous solution by wheat bran

Wheat bran without any chemical treatment was used as biosorbent for sorption of cadmium ions from aqueous solution. The structure of biosorbent was characterized by ATR-IR spectra and pH of the point zero charge (pH PZC ). The effect of initial metal concentration, biosorbent dose, contact time, temperature, initial solution, pH
Measuring the mediating role of e-trust in the relationship between e-service quality and e-loyalty on gen Z users of the shopee Apps

This study aims to investigate the effect of e-service quality, e-trust, and e-loyalty on Shopee application users Gen Z in Malang. This observation demographic consists of Shopee application users in Malang City, which is included in the Z generation. This research is included in the category of explanatory research using a quantitative approach. Primary data is obtained from the facts collected by sending questionnaires to 150 respondents who have used the Shopee application, as well as using the Gform application to distribute data. Data analysis using partial least squares (SEM-PLS) 3.3 software to test the validity, reliability, path analysis, and testing of mediation variables. The findings of this study indicate that e-service quality has a positive effect and directly affects e-loyalty. The direct effect of e-service quality on e-trust also has a positive and significant influence. The findings of this study also show that e-trust can mediate the influence of e-service quality on e-loyalty. Conclusion In the results of this study, it is expected that the Shopee e-commerce application will continue to be able to improve the quality of goods and services to the maximum, which is useful for attracting customers to be loyal. Increasing e-service quality provided by service providers, especially e-commerce, will affect customer loyalty and encourage repeated use of applications.
Comparison of healing effectiveness of different debridement approaches for diabetic foot ulcers: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Objectives The choice of the debridement method is very important for the healing of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), but the relative effectiveness of different debridement methods in the healing of DFUs remains unclear. This study conducted a network meta-analysis of the relative healing effectiveness of different debridement methods in patients with DFUs. Methods We performed a literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from database inception up to 30 June 2023 for screening randomized controlled trials on the healing effectiveness of debridement in DFUs. Outcome measures included ulcer healing rate and ulcer area reduction rate. The Cochrane Risk Bias Tool, version 2.0, was used to assess the risk of bias in the included trials. R software was used for performing statistical analysis and GraphPad Prism was used for image plotting. Results A total of 19 randomized controlled trials were included, and 900 patients with DFUs were assessed in this analysis. The proteolytic fraction from the latex of Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis (P1G10) in enzymatic debridement showed the best ulcer healing rate (SURCA = 0.919) when compared with the standard of care (SOC) group, with a mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.40 (0.57, 2.36). Kiwifruit extract demonstrated the best effect on the ulcer area reduction rate (SURCA = 0.931), when compared with that in the SOC group, with an MD and 95% CI of 0.47 (0.27, 0.66). Conclusion Enzymatic debridement was superior to other debridement methods in terms of ulcer healing rate and ulcer area reduction rate in patients with DFUs. However, as the quality of the included trials is low, enzymatic debridement can be used as a candidate debridement method in addition to sharp-based debridement in clinical practice. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? ID=CRD42023441715.
Density derivative estimation using asymmetric kernels

This paper studies the problem of estimating the first-order derivative of an unknown density with support on R + or [0, 1]. Nonpara-metric density derivative estimators smoothed by the asymmetric, gamma and beta kernels are defined, and their convergence properties are explored. It is demonstrated that these estimators can attain the optimal convergence rate of the mean integrated squared error n − 4 / 7 when the underlying density has third-order smoothness. Superior finite-sample properties of the proposed estimators are confirmed in Monte Carlo simulations, and usefulness of the estimators is illustrated in two real data examples
Impact of summer Tibetan Plateau snow cover on the variability of concurrent compound heatwaves in the Northern Hemisphere

Concurrent compound heatwaves (CCHWs) occurring simultaneously in multiple regions in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) pose high-end risks to human health and global supply chains. Over the past decade, CCHWs related to human health have substantially increased in occurrence. However, the mechanisms of the CCHWs remain uncertain. This work has revealed a significant relationship between the variability of summer CCHWs in the NH and changes in quasi-stationary waves during 1979–2021, which can be attributed to the variation of summer snow cover over the western Tibetan Plateau (SC_WTP). Excessive SC_WTP causes diabatic cooling by modulating the surface energy budget and stimulating a tripolar Rossby wave source. The atmospheric response to the SC_WTP-driven disturbance manifests as a circumglobal circulation pattern, weakening the meridional temperature gradients and causing a ‘double jet stream’ in the NH. These changes modulate the phase, amplitude and proportion of quasi-stationary waves with wavenumbers 4–6, leading to an increase in CCHWs in the NH. In addition, population exposure to CCHWs reaches 4.91 billion person-day when the SC_WTP increases by one standard deviation. Our study highlights the significance of early warning and forecasting implications related to SC_WTP for CCHWs that impact human health within the context of climate change.
YG-SLAM: Enhancing Visual SLAM in Dynamic Environments With YOLOv8 and Geometric Constraints

In dynamic environments, achieving accurate and robust Visual SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) remains a significant challenge, particularly for applications in robotic navigation and autonomous driving. This study introduces YG-SLAM, an innovative approach that integrates YOLOv8 and geometric constraints within the ORB-SLAM2 framework to adapt effectively to dynamic scenarios.YOLOv8 is employed for instance segmentation and dynamic object detection, enriching the semantic information while extracting image feature points. Geometric constraints, including epipolar geometry algorithms and Lucas-Kanade optical flow methods, are utilized to filter out dynamic objects effectively.The tracking thread exclusively relies on static feature points for camera pose estimation, substantially improving the system’s localization accuracy. Experimental results on the TUM dataset demonstrate that YG-SLAM significantly outperforms traditional ORB-SLAM2 in dynamic environments. Specifically, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the absolute trajectory errors reduced by 96.51% in comparison to ORB-SLAM2, and the RMSE of the relative pose errors decreased by 93.60% when compared to the performance of ORB-SLAM2.These notable reductions in errors demonstrate the promising performance enhancements of YG-SLAM over traditional ORB-SLAM2 in dynamic environments.
Unraveling the Structural and Compositional Peculiarities in CTAB-Templated CeO2-ZrO2-MnOx Catalysts for Soot and CO Oxidation

Structure–performance relationships in functional catalysts allow for controlling their performance in a wide range of reaction conditions. Here, the structural and compositional peculiarities in CTAB-templated CeO2-ZrO2-MnOx catalysts prepared by co-precipitation of precursors and their catalytic behavior in CO oxidation and soot combustion are discussed. A complex of physical–chemical methods (low-temperature N2 sorption, XRD, TPR-H2, Raman, HR TEM, XPS) is used to elucidate the features of the formation of interphase boundaries, joint phases, and defects in multicomponent oxide systems. The addition of Mn and/or Zr dopant to ceria is shown to improve its performance in both reactions. Binary Ce-Mn catalysts demonstrate enhanced performance closely followed by the ternary oxide catalysts, which is due the formation of several types of active sites, namely, highly dispersed MnOx species, oxide–oxide interfaces, and oxygen vacancies that can act individually and/or synergistically.
Subadult growth and health from ossuary samples of prehistoric Southern Ontario Iroquoian populations

A growth deficit in juveniles, specifically toddlers, has been demonstrated for many prehistonc and historic skeletal samples in North America. Al1 of these samples consist of skeletons with matching dentitions and long bones. This thesis explores the possibiiity of detecting a growth deficit in four ossuary samples nom Southem Ontario where long bones and dentitions are no longer in association. Each of the four ossuary samples (Fainy, Kleinburg, Canon and Milton) were extensive1 y researc hed, with regards to their excavation and pst-excavation histories, in an attempt to conml environmental bias. In one case, radiocarbon dating was done to clarify the &te of a sample (Fairty). The results indicaie a date much earlier than previously thought, although this date cannot be easily accepted. Potential cultural bias of the samples was addressed by a thomugh review of the ethnohistonc documents, and cntical appraisal of the demographics of the samples themselves. Much of the research presented here was done in order to rninimize potential methodological bias, which has k e n cited as the most hquent cause of a perceived growth deficit in skeletal samples. Fairty, a pre-contact, marginal horticultural sample displayed a juvenile growth deficit which was most pronounced in the 1 to 3 year age groups. KIeinburg, a circacontact maize horticultural sample did not display a longitudinal bone growth deficit in the juveniles, but a conical bone deficit in both the juveniles and adults of this sample has k e n shown by the work of others (Saunders and Melbye 1990). The Carton and Milton ossuary samples were biased by human-induced taphonomic changes so severely that no information on growth deficit in juveniles could be derived from them. The concluding chapter of this thesis provides alternative interpretations of subadult health in Southern Ontario by utilizing the results of this, and previous studies on the same samples. These interpretations are based upon the assumptions that high frequencies of stress related skeletal changes can either be pathological, and therefore indicative of excessive morbidity, or they can be viewed as adaptive, and therefore would not have caused any oven clinical illness. These results are considered to be sample
Performance Estimation and Validation of Spectrum Allocation for Multi User CRN

- In this paper, an adhoc Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) having multiple Primary Users (PU) and multiple Secondary Users (SU) is proposed. The spectrum sensing and allocation for the SUs are performed on the Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) test bed. The real-time environment signals are considered for the proposed CRN performance analysis. The CRN’s participation of SUs in spectrum sensing and spectrum allocation has been analyzed using cooperative spectrum sharing and the Coalition Game Theoretic (CGT) approach. A CGT spectrum allocation technique for the proposed CRN with a primary and backup channel allocation scheme has been investigated. The result shows that the channel allocation scheme is realistic. It improves SUs participation in CRN functions. It gives high spectrum utilization efficiency and causes negligible interference to neighbouring SUs/PUs. The spectrum utilization is up to 92.85% for specific scenarios of SU coalitions.
Star-8QAM to PAM4 format conversion in highly nonlinear silicon-PTS waveguides

Abstract. The optical modulation format conversion scheme of converting star quadrature amplitude modulation signals to four-stage pulse amplitude modulation signals is theoretically realized by combining phase-sensitive amplification in a silicon-p-toluene sulphonate hybrid waveguide. By optimizing the waveguide structure, a phase mismatch bandwidth from 1310 to 1890 nm and an ultra-high nonlinear coefficient of 6.966 × 103 m − 1 W − 1 are obtained. Constellation plots, error vector magnitude, and bit error rate (BER) are used to evaluate the conversion scheme. Simulation results show that the scheme not only ensures the integrity of the signal information before and after conversion but also achieves nearly 12 dB performance improvement in the converted signal with a BER threshold of 10 − 3. It is further shown that the scheme has great potential for applications such as long-short distance interconnections and hierarchical modulation of advanced format signals.
Urban Growth Determinants in China

This article examines the determinants of Chinese city population growth in the 1990s. In this decade, the Chinese government continued to loosen the restriction on rural/urban migration. The consequent rural exodus was accompanied by rapid urban population growth. However, cities of different sizes did not grow at the same rate. Urban literature suggests that city-population growth is determined by some urban characteristics, mainly initial size, economic performance, and geographical factors. Using panel data of Chinese prefecture- and province-level cities over the period 1990-2000, we examine how the subsequent population growth of cities is determined by their initial characteristics. Empirical results show that initial size, neighbor effect, and economic performance are the main factors affecting city population growth. Smaller cities grow faster than larger cities; gross domestic product per capita level and the degree of openness both exert a positive effect on growth rate. Finally, neighbors' impact on city growth has a quadratic shape.
INDOOR POSITIONING AND NAVIGATION BASED ON QR CODE MAP

Abstract. Solving the indoor positioning problem can effectively improve work and life efficiency. Outdoors, navigation and positioning mainly rely on satellites to provide global positioning and road network topology to constrain the direction of travel. Therefore, to achieve good indoor navigation and positioning, two things are needed: 1) continuous position acquisition and 2) an indoor road network. Since the indoor environment is relatively stable, the geodetic coordinates of key indoor nodes can be obtained in advance through measurement methods and control points can be set up. Inertial navigation is stable and autonomous, and when combined with control points, it can achieve stable position acquisition. QR codes are rich in information, low in cost, and easy to deploy. They can be used as nodes to construct an indoor road network or as control points. This study proposes an indoor road network map construction method that can achieve local accuracy and global consistency in large indoor scenes. In this indoor road network map, node information includes the position and posture of the QR code. When a machine passes through a node position, it can obtain its absolute position and direction in the geodetic coordinate system by taking a picture of the node’s QR code and combining it with IMU fusion positioning. Through map edge information, indoor navigation and path planning can be achieved.
The effect of data sources on calculating mean temperature and integrated water vapor in Iran

The weighted mean temperature ( Tm ) plays a crucial role in calculating Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) and integrated water vapor (IWV) using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) techniques. Currently, the primary sources for meteorological parameters are radiosonde measurements and Numerical Weather Models (NWMs). This study focuses on assessing the influence of different data sources on the computation of Tm and IWV in Iran. The investigation involved comparing several datasets: ERA5 numerical data with spatial resolutions of 0.125° and 2.5° (ERA5 0.125, ERA5 2.5), ERA‐Interim, NCEP numerical data and Tm results derived from the GPT3 model. Validation of the results utilized data from 12 radiosonde stations situated across Iran. In addition, the precision of the IWV parameter was evaluated by utilizing measurements from the only available IGS station in the region, situated in Tehran. The results revealed that ERA5 0.125 exhibited superior accuracy in Tm estimation compared with the other datasets, showing a discrepancy of approximately 1–2 K. In contrast, the GPT3 model displayed an accuracy of about 3 K. Analysing the results across different months of the year revealed elevated root mean square error (RMSE) values during warmer months, with little variability based on station height in the region for the four datasets. Regarding IWV, the ERA5 0.125 dataset outperformed the other three datasets, demonstrating an accuracy of about 0.07 kg m−2. Notably, RMSE values during summer were approximately 50% higher compared with the annual RMSE.