Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Bottleneck Planes Exclusion Method for Reconfiguring 3D VLSI Arrays

With the ever-increasing integration and parallel computing capabilities of 3D processor arrays, the occurrence of processor elements (PEs) failures caused by various factors has become more prevalent. Therefore, the implementation of a fault-tolerant mechanism that uses the remaining fault-free PEs to reconfigure sub-array becomes critical. In this paper, we study the problem of reconfiguring a 3D subarray with as many fault-free PEs as possible, which has been shown to be NP-complete in previous work. Although prior algorithms have been effective under low fault densities, they are severely limited when faced with high fault densities. To address this, we first define the bottleneck of the 3D processor array, proposed a novel method to identify the physical bottleneck plane that restricts the reconfigurable size of the logical sub-array and prove its correctness. Then, we propose an effective compensation strategy that can fully utilize the fault-free PEs in the bottleneck plane. Under this strategy, a sliding-window weight calculation method is proposed to determine the priority of compensation. Finally, we proposed a heuristic algorithm, which can construct the maximum target array from different dimensions in polynomial time. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits favorable performance in terms of harvest and degradation. For the random-failure model, the improvement in the harvest for fault-free PEs is up to 32.03% on a <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$32 \times 32 \times 32$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>32</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>32</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>32</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="ding-ieq1-3339961.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> host array with a 20% fault density. And for the clustered fault model, the improvement in harvest is up to 70.63% on a <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$32 \times 32 \times 32$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>32</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>32</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>32</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="ding-ieq2-3339961.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> host array distributed with 12 cluster failures of size <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$6 \times 6 \times 6$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>6</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>6</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="ding-ieq3-3339961.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>.
Pembangunan Recommender System Menggunakan Content Based Filtering pada Aplikasi Service Desk

Bagian Riset dan Layanan Teknologi Informasi (RiYanTI) adalah salah satu bagian dari Direktorat Pusat Teknologi Informasi (PuTI) yang bertanggungjawab dalam manajemen kualitas teknologi, manajemen konten, dan layanan pengguna yang menerima keluhan serta pengaduan terhadap kendala infrastruktur teknologi yang dialami sivitas univesitas Telkom. Banyaknya layanan yang diberikan oleh PuTI menyebabkan RiYanTI menerima banyak keluhan (tiket insiden) dan permintaan, hal ini menyebabkan antrian penanggulangan keluhan dan permintaan (tiket) menjadi panjang. Dampak dari panjangnya yang terjadi yaitu tidak terpenuhinya capaian mutu atau SLA (Service Level Agreement) hal ini menyebabkan adanya temuan ketika dilakukan audit ISO 20000-1 yangmenjadi standar atau pedoman sistem manajemen layanan IT yang ada di PuTI. Oleh itu solusi yang diberikan adalan membangun suatu recommender system yang dapat memberikan rekomendasi solusi penyelesaian permasalahan berdasarkan data tiket yang telah selesai. Metode filtering yang digunakan adalah Content Based filtering dan proses evaluasi dilakukan dengan menghitung precision, recall, dan F1-Score untuk mengamati akurasi pada hasil rekomendasi filtering serta melakukan pengujian User (User Judgment) untuk melihat apakah sistem yang dibangun telah sesuai dan mampu memberikan solusi kepada pengguna.
Achieving 2.2 GPa Ultra-High Strength in Low-Alloy Steel Using a Direct Quenching and Partitioning Process

Advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) have a wide range of applications in equipment safety and lightweight design, and enhancing the strength of AHSS to the ultra-high level of 2 GPa is currently a key focus. In this study, a new process of thermo-mechanical control process followed by direct quenching and partitioning (TMCP-DQP) was developed based on Fe-0.4C-1Mn-0.6Si (wt.%) low-alloy steel, and the effects of microstructure evolution on mechanical properties under TMCP-DQP process and conventional hot rolled quenched and tempered process (HR-QT) were comparatively studied. The results show that the TMCP-DQP process not only shortened the processing steps but also achieved outstanding comprehensive mechanical properties. The TMCP-DQP steel exhibited a tensile strength of 2.23 GPa, accompanied by 11.9% elongation and a Brinell hardness of 624 HBW, with an impact toughness of 28.5 J at −20 °C. In contrast, the HR-QT steel exhibited tensile strengths ranging from 2.16 GPa to 1.7 GPa and elongations between 5.2% and 12.2%. The microstructure of TMCP-DQP steel primarily consisted of lath martensite, containing thin-film retained austenite (RA), nanoscale rod-shaped carbides, and a minor number of nanoscale twins. The volume fraction of RA reached 7.7%, with an average carbon content of 7.1 at. % measured by three-dimensional atom probe tomography (3DAP). Compared with the HR-QT process, the TMCP-DQP process resulted in a finer microstructure, with a prior austenite grain (PAG) size of 11.91 μm, forming packets and blocks with widths of 5.12 μm and 1.63 μm. The TMCP-DQP process achieved the ultra-high strength of low-alloy steel through the synergistic effects of grain refinement, dislocation strengthening, and precipitation strengthening. The dynamic partitioning stage stabilized the RA through carbon enrichment, while the relaxation stage reduced a small portion of the dislocations generated by thermal deformation, and the self-tempering stage eliminated internal stresses, all guaranteeing considerable ductility and toughness. The TMCP-DQP process may offer a means for industries to streamline their manufacturing processes and provide a technological reference for producing 2.2 GPa grade AHSS.
Dark matter from an effective couplings approach

In this work we briefly review dark matter evidence, in the Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMP) paradigm we study the cases of scalar and fermion dark matter candidates. Our study introduces effective couplings between dark matter and Standard Model matter, it is intended as an exercise for academic purposes setting up the required tools for a further analysis. Under the last assumption, we calculate the relic density in order to constrain the model parameter space.
Formative age and evolution of Kumtagh Desert

The ancient aeolian sand has been thought of as the indicator that can indicate the formation and evolution of desert during the past time.Kumtagh Desert is located in the northen fringe of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The first integrated scientific investigation of the desert had been completed in 2004-2006.Kumtagh Desert,where the Quaternary stratigraphic profile containing ancient aeolian sands is widely distributed,is a natural ideal model for studying the formation and evolution of desert.The comprehensive field investigation and studies on sedimentary,chronology and palynology of typcal profiles named Suosuo gully,Xiaoquan gully and gravel body with ancient aeolian sand layers showed that the Kumtagh Desert probably originated as early as(2 097.7±314.7) ka BP.During the period of(386.9±58.0)-(285.9±42.9) ka BP,the desert largely extended and established its modern distributional pattern.The desert developed originally in the southwest part of desert,subsequently,extended to the north and northeast.The sedimentary face of Suosuo gully profile revealed that the desert experienced at least 19 advance and inverse processes of desertification with average period of 110 ka during its evolution in the Quaternary.The neotectonic movements played an important role in the formation and development of the desert and its geomorphology.On the one hand,it caused the formation of intermontane fault basin,which was further developed towards the closed drought basin,and furthermore caused the formation of the natural environment for the desert formation.On the other hand,under the control of surrounding faults,the unique broom-shaped desert landscape was formed,and the gullies and sand ridges in this region experienced an abrupt directional change from north by west to north by east at the location of 39°45′-39°55′N.The unique landscape of gravel body occurred widely in the northern desert was formed after(285.9±42.9) ka BP.The results in this paper further provide scientific basis for investigating the formative age and evolutionary process of dry climate and environment in the north-western Chinese region,and the uplifting of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as well as its responses to the global climatic changes.
Relationship between Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Subtalar Pronation in Female Basketball Players: Case-Control Study

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a common issue in basketball. Several studies point to subtalar pronation as a relevant risk factor for these injuries, despite their multiarticular and multiplanar nature. This study evaluated the correlation between subtalar pronation and ACL injuries in female basketball players. A total of 30 players were recruited and divided into two groups: 15 with previous ACL injury and 15 without injury. The navicular drop test (NDT) and drop vertical jump test were applied to quantify parameters such as navicular drop, calcaneal eversion, ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion, and dynamic valgus. The results showed significantly higher NDT values (6.93 ± 1.64 mm vs. 5.41 ± 1.96 mm, p = 0.029) and maximum calcaneal eversion angle (10.94 ± 3.22° vs. 5.30 ± 3.33°, p < 0.001) in the injured group. There were also significant differences in maximum dynamic valgus (152.73 ± 15.00° vs. 165.26 ± 5.628°, p = 0.005) and knee flexion (93.70 ± 7.47° vs. 82.92 ± 11.14°, p = 0.004) between groups. These findings suggest that subtalar pronation, assessed by NDT, and calcaneal eversion could be indicators of higher susceptibility to ACL injuries in female basketball players.
An examination of resting-state functional connectivity in patients with active Crohn’s disease

Background Alterations in resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in Crohn’s Disease (CD) have been documented in default mode network (DMN) and frontal parietal network (FPN) areas, visual, cerebellar, salience and attention resting-state-networks (RSNs), constituting a CD specific neural phenotype. To date, most studies are in patients in remission, with limited studies in active disease. Methods Twenty five active CD cases and 25 age-, BMI- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited to a resting-state-functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) study. Active disease was defined as C-reactive protein>5 mg/dL, faecal calprotectin>250 μg/g, or through ileocolonoscopy or MRE. rs-fMRI data were analysed using independent component analysis (ICA) and dual regression. Differences in RSNs between HCs and active CD were assessed, and rs-FC was associated with disease duration and abdominal pain. Results Increased connectivity in the FPN (fusiform gyrus, thalamus, caudate, posterior cingulate cortex, postcentral gyrus) and visual RSN (orbital frontal cortex) were observed in CD versus HC. Decreased activity was observed in the salience network (cerebellum, postcentral gyrus), DMN (parahippocampal gyrus, cerebellum), and cerebellar network (occipital fusiform gyrus, cerebellum) in CD versus HCs. Greater abdominal pain scores were associated with lower connectivity in the precuneus (visual network) and parietal operculum (salience network), and higher connectivity in the cerebellum (frontal network). Greater disease duration was associated with greater connectivity in the middle temporal gyrus and planum temporale (visual network). Conclusion Alterations in rs-FC in active CD in RSNs implicated in cognition, attention, emotion, and pain may represent neural correlates of chronic systemic inflammation, abdominal pain, disease duration, and severity.
Factors affecting talent retention in SMEs in a competitive environment

The purpose of the study is to investigate the key determinants that influence talent retention within Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) operating in a highly competitive world. The study used a quantitative methodology that focuses on gathering numerical data that can be evaluated using an approach called Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). To facilitate data collection, online surveys were made available to respondents in convenient ways to give their opinion at any time and from any location. PLS-SEM was used to examine a set of hypotheses resulting from a theoretical model of turnover intention. According to empirical findings, there was just one factor—work-life balance—that had a substantial impact on employee retention. Two independent variables, self-efficacy and training and development, verified that they do not support the hypothesis and have no significant relationship. Understanding these driving forces holds paramount importance for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) as they endeavor to attract and retain top-tier talent. By adjusting and fine-tuning their policies and operational procedures, SMEs can cultivate an environment conducive not only to the preservation of proficient personnel but also to their growth. Consequently, this study emphasizes the critical importance of customized methodology and the demand for personalized strategies that take into consideration and address the needs of SMEs.
Decision Fusion in Centralized and Distributed Multiuser Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO-OFDM Sensor Networks

Low-complexity fusion rules relying on hybrid combining are proposed for decision fusion in frequency selective millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) sensor networks (SNs). Both centralized (C-MIMO) and distributed (D-MIMO) antenna architectures are considered, where the error-prone local sensor decisions are transmitted over orthogonal subcarriers to a fusion center (FC) employing a large antenna array. Fusion rules are designed for the FC, followed by closed-form expressions of the false alarm and detection probabilities to comprehensively characterize the performance of distributed detection. Furthermore, efficient transmit signaling vectors are designed for optimizing the detection performance. Both the asymptotic performance analysis and the pertinent power reduction laws are presented for the large antenna regime considering both the C-MIMO and D-MIMO topologies, which potentially lead to a significant transmit power reduction. Low-complexity fusion rules and their analyses are also given for the realistic scenario of incorporating channel state information (CSI) uncertainty, where the sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) framework is utilized for the estimation of the sparse frequency selective mmWave massive MIMO channel. Finally, the performance of the proposed low-complexity detectors is characterized through extensive simulation results for different scenarios.
Analysis of near field radiation among lithography-free metal-dielectric-metal perfect absorbers with a combined numerical method

An integrated analysis is developed to determine the far-field and near-field radiation of lithography-free metal-dielectric-metal (MIM) structures. Directional spectral emissivity determined with the integrated analysis shows good agreement with the directional spectral absorptivity from verified full wave simulation. With the integrated analysis, we identified that the condition of Fabry–Perot resonance used to design broadband wide-angle perfect light absorbers/emitters with MIM structures could trigger the waveguide modes of the dielectric layer. The waveguide modes can amplify the thermal electric field for photon tunneling between two MIM structures across a 100 nm level gap. Adding an additional pair of waveguides that can amplify evanescent waves in the gap formed with two MIM structures can further enhance the strength of photon tunneling. The enhanced photon tunneling shows high-intensity quasi-monochromatic near-field radiation in TM mode across a 100 nm gap at specific wavelengths. We expect even stronger photon tunneling for high-intensity quasi-monochromatic near field radiation across a more significant gap can occur when the MIM structure made with lower loss metal is combined with structures providing stronger amplification of evanescent wave.
DSM2DTM: AN END-TO-END DEEP LEARNING APPROACH FOR DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL GENERATION

Abstract. Remotely sensed Earth elevation data or digital surface model (DSM) typically contains both terrain and above-ground information such as vegetation and man-made constructions. However, many applications require pure bare-terrain data, also known as digital terrain model (DTM). But how do we separate 3D objects on the DSM from the ground? The most commonly used approaches are still based on various filtering techniques, which in turn involve the pre-definition of thresholds or specific parameters depending on the inhomogeneity of the scene. Despite many long existing and newly developed approaches the general fully automatic extraction of large-scale, reliable DTMs is still a problem – especially the preservation of steep terrain features in terraced landscapes. In this context, we explore several deep learning models and select one based on the EfficientNet architecture. This model serves as an encoder in the UNet-shaped framework and – despite its relatively low amount of parameters compared to common network architectures – it can automatically distinguish non-ground pixels and estimate the bare-ground height information while maintaining the complexity of the anthropogenic geomorphology of landscapes. In a series of experiments, we demonstrate that the DTM generated with the proposed method significantly outperforms other DTM generation approaches – both quantitatively and qualitatively. To enable further comparisons with our methodology the training, validation and test datasets have been collected together and made available at https://github.com/KseniaBittner/DSM2DTM.
Protocol to Induce the Temporary Opening of the Blood–Brain Barrier with Short-Time Focused Ultrasound in Rats

Brain neurodegenerative diseases are central nervous system (CNS) affections typically common in older adults. A new therapeutic approach for them consists of providing specific drugs to the CNS through blood circulation; however, the Blood–Brain Barrier (BBB) prevents almost 100% of neurotherapeutics from reaching the brain. There are indications that Focused Ultrasound (FUS), temporarily placed in the BBB, can achieve a controlled increase in temperature at its focus, allowing temporary, localized, and reversible opening of this barrier, which facilitates the temporary delivery of specific drugs. This work presents a FUS-based protocol for the local, temporary, and reversible opening of the BBB in Wistar rats. The proposed protocol specifies certain power, treatment times, and duty cycle to controllably increase the temperature at the region of interest, i.e., the substantia nigra. Numerical simulations using commercial software based on the finite element method were carried out to determine the optimal size of the craniotomies for nearly full-acoustic transmission. Experiments in rats were performed with the parameters used during computational simulations to determine the adequate opening of the BBB. For this, craniotomies of different sizes were made at coordinates of the substantia nigra, and FUS was applied from the exterior. The opening of the BBB was evaluated using Evans Blue (EB) as an indicator of the crossing of the dye from the blood vessels to brain tissue. Numerical simulations demonstrated a major distance reached by the ultrasound focus with a bigger diameter. Experimental results show the local, temporary, and reversible opening of the BBB through a 10 mm diameter craniotomy, which effectively allowed placing the ultrasound focus over the substantia nigra, unlike a 6 mm diameter craniotomy in which there is a deviation of the focus through that window. Moreover, from these results, it was also determined that the disruption of the BBB was reversible, with an opening duration of 6 h after FUS application. The experimental work developed in this study resulted in a minimally invasive method for the temporary opening of the BBB.
Imitation of Novel Intransitive Body Actions in a Beluga Whale (Delphinapterus leucas): A “Do as Other Does” Study

Simple Summary Cetaceans, including beluga whales, are known for their unique habits and behaviors that they display within their social groups, such as group-specific tactics or vocalizations. One of the questions that has attracted the attention of researchers is whether these behaviors are learned socially, i.e., from other members of their group. In this study, we investigate the ability of a young beluga to learn and reproduce new behaviors by observing another beluga perform them. The beluga was trained to respond to the command “Do this” so that it would imitate what it had observed in another beluga whale. The results show how it was able to copy both familiar behaviors (known and previously performed) and novel behaviors (actions it had never seen or performed before) in response to the “copy” signal. This study is the first evidence of this “true imitation” (copying novel actions) ability in this species and shows that these animals can acquire new skills through this process. This ability, which is quite rare in the animal kingdom, helps us to understand how these marine mammals survive and thrive in their natural habitats and how they pass on vital information about where to live, migrate, and find food. Abstract Cetaceans are well known for their unique behavioral habits, such as calls and tactics. The possibility that these are acquired through social learning continues to be explored. This study investigates the ability of a young beluga whale to imitate novel behaviors. Using a do-as-other-does paradigm, the subject observed the performance of a conspecific demonstrator involving familiar and novel behaviors. The subject: (1) learned a specific ‘copy’ command; (2) copied 100% of the demonstrator’s familiar behaviors and accurately reproduced two out of three novel actions; (3) achieved full matches on the first trial for a subset of familiar behaviors; and (4) demonstrated proficiency in coping with each familiar behavior as well as the two novel behaviors. This study provides the first experimental evidence of a beluga whale’s ability to imitate novel intransitive (non-object-oriented) body movements on command. These results contribute to our understanding of the remarkable ability of cetaceans, including dolphins, orcas, and now beluga whales, to engage in multimodal imitation involving sounds and movements. This ability, rarely documented in non-human animals, has significant implications for the development of survival strategies, such as the acquisition of knowledge about natal philopatry, migration routes, and traditional feeding areas, among these marine mammals.