Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on Network Simulation Abstract Technology Based on Simplicity Theory

Given a large scale internet, how can we derive a representative simplifying topology model by network simulation? There are many known algorithms to compute interesting measures (scale down the number of clients, deletion methods, contraction methods, et al.), but most of them only reduce the scale of the network topology, the facticity of network simulation results can’t be guaranteed. So when simplifying network topology and reducing the simulation complexity, we should not only consider the reduction of network scale but also consider the actual simulation application and the facticity of simulation result.Given that, this paper proposes a network topology simplicity method based on focus-zone with Weight Forest Fire(WFF) , which can greatly reduce the scale of network topology and guarantee the facticity of simulation results. Then through sampling network topology experiment and UDP worm simulation experiment, it can be known that this method can not only maintain the topological properties of original topology but also improve the efficiency of network simulation by 11%. And the maximum error of the packet drop ratio is 7.8%, which occurred at the sampling rate of 0.5.
Study of the social networks aspects on the IMAGES project Technical Report AMBLARD

This report aims to study the social network effects within an agent-based model developed in the frame of a European project IMAGES. The aim of the global model concerns the modelling of the adoption process of agri-environmental measures. A model as been developed that is agent-based, i.e. every farmer on a zone is modelled as an autonomous entity. The adoption process is based on two distinct evaluation of the technological innovation to adopt; the first one is an economic one and reflects for each individual what the innovation exactly brings to him. It is counterbalance by a social opinion that is the pressure an individual is subject to, taking his own decision. The both part are aggregated to decide whether or not he adopts. A main topic within this model concerns the social influence an individual is subject to. To follow the sociological field of social networks, this influence propagates through his social network, the individuals in the population he is preferentially linked to. To model this aspect we have to model the social network from the non-exhaustive data we have got. We then have to test this model of social network generation to characterize it in terms of structural properties. Then applying the basic model of information transmission that is simply spread onto the network we calculate the probabilities to get the information given some individuals taken as sources. And we then propose an algorithm that, taking some efficiency parameters about information diffusion, enables us to determine the minimal set of most efficient sources to satisfy these criteria. 1 This study has been carried out with financial support from the Commission of the European Communities, Agriculture and Fisheries (FAIR) Specific RTD program, CT96-2092, "Improving Agri-Environmental Policies : A Simulation Approach to the Role of the Cognitive Properties of Farmers and Institutions". It does not necessarily reflect its views and in no way anticipates the Commission's future policy in this area. IMAGES project – Final report – version 1 (March 2001)
Predicting the Personal Appeal of Marketing Images Using Computational Methods

Images play a central role in digital marketing. They attract attention, trigger emotions, and shape consumers’ first impressions of products and brands. We propose that the shift from one‐to‐many mass communication to highly personalized one‐to‐one communication requires an understanding of image appeal at a personal level. Instead of asking “How appealing is this image? ” we ask “How appealing is this image to this particular consumer? ” Using the well‐established five‐factor model of personality, we apply machine learning algorithms to predict an image's personality appeal—the personality of consumers to which the image appeals most—from a set of 89 automatically extracted image features (Study 1). We subsequently apply the same algorithm on new images to predict consequential outcomes from the fit between consumer and image personality. We show that image‐person fit adds incremental predictive power over the images’ general appeal when predicting (a) consumers’ liking of new images (Study 2) and (b) consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions (Study 3).
Design of a genetic-fuzzy system for planning crab gaits of a six-legged robot

This paper describes a genetic-fuzzy system in which a genetic algorithm (GA) is used to improve the performance of a fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The proposed algorithm is tested on a number of gait-generation problems of a hexapod for crossing a ditch while moving on flat terrain along a straight line path with minimum number of legs on the ground and with maximum average kinematic margin of the ground-legs. Moreover, the hexapod will have to maintain its static stability while crossing the ditch. The movement of each leg of the hexapod is controlled by a separate fuzzy logic controller and a GA is used to find a set of good rules for each FLC from the author-defined large rule base. The optimized Cs are found to perform better than the author-designed FLCs. Although optimization is performed off-line, the hexapod can use these FLCs to navigate in real-world on-line scenarios. As an FLC is less expensive computationally, the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm will be less than that of the traditional methods of gait generation.
Copper sensitivity of Gonyaulax tamarensis 1

The copper sensitivity of the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax tamarensis was examined in artificial seawater medium. Two short term responses of the organism to copper toxicity are rapid loss of motility and reduced photosynthetic carbon fixation. The chelators tris(hydroxymethylamino)methane (Tris) and ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid (EDTA) were used to demonstrate that copper toxicity is a unique function of cupric ion activity. Copper additions to medium containing EDTA equilibrated with the chelator relatively slowly, resulting in misleading short term data. This kinetic effect was not seen when the major copper chelator was Tris or when the copper was added in a chelated form with EDTA. Variations in manganese concentrations over two orders of magnitude did not alter the results. Cells of G. tamarensis are 100% nonmotile at a calculated cupric ion activity of 10/sup -9/. /sup 7/ M with 50% of the cells nonmotile at 10/sup -10/. /sup 4/ M. Nonmotile cells do not divide or grow larger. Gonyaulax tamarensis growth is totally inhibited at cupric ion activities that only partially inhibit the growth of four other species that have been studied extensively. Furthermore, this toxicity occurs at the calculated copper activity of natural waters, assuming only inorganic copper complexation. Thus organic chelation may be necessary beforemore » G. tamarensis can successfully compete with other algal species in coastal waters. « less
Finger Length Ratios in Serbian Transsexuals

Atypical prenatal hormone exposure could be a factor in the development of transsexualism. There is evidence that the 2nd and 4th digit ratio (2D : 4D) associates negatively with prenatal testosterone and positively with estrogens. The aim was to assess the difference in 2D : 4D between female to male transsexuals (FMT) and male to female transsexuals (MFT) and controls. We examined 42 MFT, 38 FMT, and 45 control males and 48 control females. Precise measurements were made by X-rays at the ventral surface of both hands from the basal crease of the digit to the tip using vernier calliper. Control male and female patients had larger 2D : 4D of the right hand when compared to the left hand. Control male's left hand ratio was lower than in control female's left hand. There was no difference in 2D : 4D between MFT and control males. MFT showed similar 2D : 4D of the right hand with control women indicating possible influencing factor in embryogenesis and consequently finger length changes. FMT showed the lowest 2D : 4D of the left hand when compared to the control males and females. Results of our study go in favour of the biological aetiology of transsexualism.
DALICA: Intelligent Agents for User Profile Deduction

In this paper we are going to discuss the potential contributions that agent technology can bring into an Ambient Intelligence scenario, related to the fruition of cultural assets. The users are located in an area which is known to the agents: in the application, the users are the visitors of Villa Adriana, an archaeological site in Tivoli, near Rome (Italy). Agents are aware of user moves by means of Galileo satellite signal, i.e., the proposed application is based on a blend of different technologies. The agents, developed in the DALI logic programming language, pro-actively learn and/or enhance users profiles and are thus capable to competently assist the users during their visit, to elicit habits and preferences and to propose cultural assets to the users according to the learned profile.
Explicit User Profiles for Semantic Web Search Using XML

The web is diffusing day to day as the number of users are increasing. Nowadays, end users always interested to extract meaningful information from the surplus of accessible Web resources on time. This leads to many problems such as information overload, irrelevant information supply. Filtering irrelevant information is a key issue there are many solutions, among them personalization of information services on the Semantic Web offers a promising solution to alleviate these problems, and to customize the web environment according to user’s information needs, interests and preferences. Explicit user profiles are determined and maintained with the help of XML. This helps the search engine presenting the most relevant and expected results to the user.
The Role-Based Metamodeling Language for Specifying Design Patterns

This chapter describes a UML-based pattern specification language called the role-based metamodeling language (RBML), which defines the solution domain of a Design pattern in terms of roles at the metamodel level. The goal of the RBML is to support the development of precise pattern specifications that can be used for the development of pattern tools. The author describes the approach and benefits of the RBML, and demonstrates the notation for capturing various perspectives of pattern properties using the Observer, Interpreter, and Iterator patterns. The author also discusses tool support for the RBML and the future trends in pattern specification. IGI PUBLISHING This paper appears in the publication, Design Pattern Formalization Techniques edited by T. Taibi © 2007, IGI Global 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.igi-pub.com ITB14318
LPDHT: A Locality-Aware and Partitioned-Space Architecture for Peer-to-Peer SIP

SIP is a signaling protocol widely used in multimedia communication. Recently, P2PSIP, which combines DHT and SIP, has been proposed to overcome the drawbacks of traditional CS SIP. Although P2PSIP has many advantages, the introduction of P2P also brings in some disadvantages in performance. And these disadvantages become unbearable in a huge P2PSIP overlay in Internet environment. To address these problems, we propose a novel DHT architecture for P2PSIP, LPDHT, whose full name is Locality-Aware and Partition-Space DHT. In the super nodes form P2PSIP, LPDHT can reduce not only DHT routing hop count and latency per DHT hop, but also the overall overhead. Therefore it can improve system capacity greatly. Performance analysis indicates that overall overhead are reduced dramatically in LPDHT.
Changes of Radial Diffusivity and Fractional Anisotopy in the Optic Nerve and Optic Radiation of Glaucoma Patients

Purpose of this study was to evaluate with diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) changes of radial diffusivity (RD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in the optic nerve (ON) and optic radiation (OR) in glaucoma and to determine whether changes in RD and FA correlate with disease severity. Therefore, glaucoma patients and controls were examined using 3T. Regions of interest were positioned on RD and FA maps, and mean values were calculated for ON and OR and correlated with optic nerve atrophy and reduced spatial-temporal contrast sensitivity (STCS) of the retina. We found, that RD in glaucoma patients was significantly higher in the ON (0.74 ± 0.21 versus 0.58 ± 0.17·10−3 mm2 s−1; P < 0.05) and OR (0.79 ± 0.23 versus 0.62 ± 0.14·10−3 mm2 s−1; P < 0.05) compared to controls. Aside, FA was significantly decreased (0.48 ± 0.15 versus 0.66 ± 0.12 and 0.50 ± 0.20 versus 0.66 ± 0.11; P < 0.05). Hereby, correlation between changes in RD/FA and optic nerve atrophy/STCS was observed (r > 0.77). In conclusion, DTI at 3 Tesla allows robust RD and FA measurements in the ON and OR. Hereby, the extent of RD increase and FA decrease in glaucoma correlate with established ophthalmological examinations.
A sociological perspective on stress, health, and coping, and an examination of a proposed coping framework: the coping repertoire approach

ii Acknowledgements . iii List of Tables . vi List of Figures . vii Chapter One: Introduction and Review of the Literature . 1 1.1 Stress and its Measurement . 5 1.2 Coping . 11 1.2.1 Gender Differences and Coping.15 1.2.2 Other Concepts Related to Coping . 17 1.2.3 Other Instruments to Measure Coping . 19 1.2.4 Coping Traits vs. Coping Styles . 21 1.3 Mental Health and Well-Being . 22 1.4 Research Designs . 26 1.4. 1 Test of Coping as a Moderator Variable . 28 1.5 Contributions from a Sociological Perspective.29 1.6 Chapter Summary . 32 Chapter Two: Methodology . 33 2.1 Sample.33 2.2 Measures . 36 2.3 Statistical Models . 40 2.3.1 Model #1 – Coping as a Moderator of the Stress-Health Relationship . 41 2.3.2 Model #2 – Coping „Repertoire‟ Classification . 42 2.4 Hypotheses . 46 Chapter Three: Results . 50 3.1 Bivariate Analyses . 50 3.2 Multivariate Analyses . 53 3.2.1 Test of Model #1 – Coping as a Moderator of the Stress-Health Relationship . 53 3.2.2 Test of Model #2 – Coping „Repertoire‟ Classification.59 3.3 Summary of Findings . 67
Info-computational Constructivism and Cognition

Context: At present, we lack a common understanding of both the process of cognition in living organisms and the construction of knowledge in embodied, embedded cognizing agents in general, including future artifactual cognitive agents under development, such as cognitive robots and softbots. Purpose: This paper aims to show how the info-computational approach (IC) can reinforce constructivist ideas about the nature of cognition and knowledge and, conversely, how constructivist insights (such as that the process of cognition is the process of life) can inspire new models of computing. Method: The info-computational constructive framework is presented for the modeling of cognitive processes in cognizing agents. Parallels are drawn with other constructivist approaches to cognition and knowledge generation. We describe how cognition as a process of life itself functions based on info-computation and how the process of knowledge generation proceeds through interactions with the environment and among agents. Results: Cognition and knowledge generation in a cognizing agent is understood as interaction with the world (potential information), which by processes of natural computation becomes actual information. That actual information after integration becomes knowledge for the agent. Heinz von Foerster is identified as a precursor of natural computing, in particular bio computing. Implications: IC provides a framework for unified study of cognition in living organisms (from the simplest ones, such as bacteria, to the most complex ones) as well as in artifactual cognitive systems. Constructivist content: It supports the constructivist view that knowledge is actively constructed by cognizing agents and shared in a process of social cognition. IC argues that this process can be modeled as info-computation.
Utility of Postmortem Autopsy via Whole-Body Imaging: Initial Observations Comparing MDCT and 3.0T MRI Findings with Autopsy Findings

Objective We prospectively compared whole-body multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and 3.0T magnetic resonance (MR) images with autopsy findings. Materials and Methods Five cadavers were subjected to whole-body, 16-channel MDCT and 3.0T MR imaging within two hours before an autopsy. A radiologist classified the MDCT and 3.0T MRI findings into major and minor findings, which were compared with autopsy findings. Results Most of the imaging findings, pertaining to head and neck, heart and vascular, chest, abdomen, spine, and musculoskeletal lesions, corresponded to autopsy findings. The causes of death that were determined on the bases of MDCT and 3.0T MRI findings were consistent with the autopsy findings in four of five cases. CT was useful in diagnosing fatal hemorrhage and pneumothorax, as well as determining the shapes and characteristics of the fractures and the direction of external force. MRI was effective in evaluating and tracing the route of a metallic object, soft tissue lesions, chronicity of hemorrhage, and bone bruises. Conclusion A postmortem MDCT combined with MRI is a potentially powerful tool, providing noninvasive and objective measurements for forensic investigations.
On the Nature of Stars with Planets

We consider the metallicities and kinematics of nearby stars known to have planetary‐mass companions in the general context of the overall properties of the local Galactic disk. We have used Strömgren photometry to determine abundances both for the extrasolar planet host stars and for a volume‐limited sample of 486 F, G, and K stars selected from the Hipparcos Catalogue. The latter data show that the Sun lies near the modal abundance of the disk, with over 45% of local stars having supersolar metallicities. Twenty of the local stars (4.1%) are known to have planetary‐mass companions. Using that ratio to scale data for the complete sample of planetary host stars, we find that the fraction of stars with extrasolar planets rises sharply with increasing abundance, confirming previous results. However, the frequency remains at the 3%–4% level for stars within ±0.15 dex of solar abundance and falls to ∼1% only for stars with abundances less than one‐half solar. Given the present observational constraints, both in velocity precision and in the available time baseline, these numbers represent a lower limit to the frequency of extrasolar planetary systems. A comparison between the kinematics of the planetary host stars and a representative sample of disk stars suggests that the former have an average age that is ∼60% of the latter.
Investigating distributed user interfaces across interactive large displays and mobile devices

The use of a dual mobile and large screen approach offers a number of intriguing possibilities including a potential solution to the problem of managing conflicts that arise when a large screen is shared in a public setting. Here, we report on a series of experiments carried out to determine quantitative or qualitative effects of user performance when interaction is split across large public and smaller private screens. Our position is that using mobile devices as an auxiliary device for interaction can boost user experience when interacting with large displays.
- 1-Construction and Experimental Validation of a Petri net Model of Wnt / β-catenin Signaling

Centre for Integrative Bioinformatics (IBIVU), VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy and Section of Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
The (Un)faithful Machine Translator

Applying machine translation (MT) to literary texts involves the same domain shift challenges that arise for any sublanguage (e.g. medical or scientific). However, it also introduces additional challenges. One focus in the discussion of translation theory in the humanities has been on the human translator’s role in staying faithful to an original text versus adapting it to make it more familiar to readers. In contrast to other domains, one objective in literary translation is to preserve the experience of reading a text when moving to the target language. We use existing MT systems to translate samples of French literature into English. We then use qualitative analysis grounded in translation theory and real example outputs in order to address what makes literary translation particularly hard and the potential role of the machine in it.
Primary Care for Adolescents

Abstract Adolescence is a time when a young person develops his or her identity, acquires greater autonomy and independence, experiments and takes risks and grows mentally and physically. To successfully navigate these changes, an accessible and health system when needed is essential. We assessed the structure and content of national primary care services against these standards in the field of adolescent health services. The main criteria identified by adolescents as important for primary care are as follows: accessibility, staff attitude, communication in all its forms, staff competency and skills, confidential and continuous care, age appropriate environment, involvement in health care, equity and respect and a strong link with the community. We found that although half of the Models of Child Health Appraised countries have adopted adolescent-specific policies or guidelines, many countries do not meet the current standards of quality health care for adolescents. For example, the ability to provide emergency mental health care or respond to life-threatening behaviour is limited. Many countries provide good access to contraception, but specialised care for a pregnant adolescent may be hard to find. Access needs to be improved for vulnerable adolescents; greater advocacy should be given to adolescent health and the promotion of good health habits. Adolescent health services should be well publicised, and adolescents need to feel empowered to access them.
Disinhibition Mediates a Form of Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation in Area CA1

The hippocampus plays a central role in memory formation in the mammalian brain. Its ability to encode information is thought to depend on the plasticity of synaptic connections between neurons. In the pyramidal neurons constituting the primary hippocampal output to the cortex, located in area CA1, firing of presynaptic CA3 pyramidal neurons produces monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) followed rapidly by feedforward (disynaptic) inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs). Long-term potentiation (LTP) of the monosynaptic glutamatergic inputs has become the leading model of synaptic plasticity, in part due to its dependence on NMDA receptors (NMDARs), required for spatial and temporal learning in intact animals. Using whole-cell recording in hippocampal slices from adult rats, we find that the efficacy of synaptic transmission from CA3 to CA1 can be enhanced without the induction of classic LTP at the glutamatergic inputs. Taking care not to directly stimulate inhibitory fibers, we show that the induction of GABAergic plasticity at feedforward inhibitory inputs results in the reduced shunting of excitatory currents, producing a long-term increase in the amplitude of Schaffer collateral-mediated postsynaptic potentials. Like classic LTP, disinhibition-mediated LTP requires NMDAR activation, suggesting a role in types of learning and memory attributed primarily to the former and raising the possibility of a previously unrecognized target for therapeutic intervention in disorders linked to memory deficits, as well as a potentially overlooked site of LTP expression in other areas of the brain.