Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Glomerella Strains Recovered from Anthracnose Lesions on Common Bean Plants in Brazil

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is an important disease of common bean, resulting in major economic losses worldwide. Genetic diversity of the C. lindemuthianum population contributes to its ability to adapt rapidly to new sources of host resistance. The origin of this diversity is unknown, but sexual recombination, via the Glomerella teleomorph, is one possibility. This study tested the hypothesis that Glomerella strains that are frequently recovered from bean anthracnose lesions represent the teleomorph of C. lindemuthianum. A large collection of Glomerella isolates could be separated into two groups based on phylogenetic analysis, morphology, and pathogenicity to beans. Both groups were unrelated to C. lindemuthianum. One group clustered with the C. gloeosporioides species complex and produced mild symptoms on bean tissues. The other group, which belonged to a clade that included the cucurbit anthracnose pathogen C. magna, caused no symptoms. Individual ascospores recovered from Glomerella perithecia gave rise to either fertile (perithecial) or infertile (conidial) colonies. Some pairings of perithecial and conidial strains resulted in induced homothallism in the conidial partner, while others led to apparent heterothallic matings. Pairings involving two perithecial, or two conidial, colonies produced neither outcome. Conidia efficiently formed conidial anastomosis tubes (CATs), but ascospores never formed CATs. The Glomerella strains formed appressoria and hyphae on the plant surface, but did not penetrate or form infection structures within the tissues. Their behavior was similar whether the beans were susceptible or resistant to anthracnose. These same Glomerella strains produced thick intracellular hyphae, and eventually acervuli, if host cell death was induced. When Glomerella was co-inoculated with C. lindemuthianum, it readily invaded anthracnose lesions. Thus, the hypothesis was not supported: Glomerella strains from anthracnose lesions do not represent the teleomorphic phase of C. lindemuthianum, and instead appear to be bean epiphytes that opportunistically invade and sporulate in the lesions.
Developing of Intelligent Schools with a New Model of Strategic Management System

— Intelligent schools are those which use IT devices and technologies as media software, hardware and networks to improve learning process. On the other hand Strategic management is a field that deals with the major intended and emergent initiatives taken by general managers on behalf of owners, involving utilization of resources, to enhance the performance of ﬁrms in their external environments. Here, we present a model Strategic Management System that has been applied on some schools and have made strict improvement.
(Version auteur)

where she trains teachers to teach English from primary to secondary level. Among her tasks she also trains Biology and History teachers the methodologies of CLIL. She is coeditor of Teaching English as Foreign Language in Primary School (2006) and is on the Board of Advisory Editors for the Journal of Pragmatics. She is presently doing research into differences in preferred levels of categorization in communication across language communities, specifically comparing English and French. Sorbonne Nouvelle (Paris). Her current research interests include Assessment and Terminology. Her most recent works are: 4 mots clés de la didactique de l'anglais: Communication, culture, méthodologie, evaluation (2008), and articles in the field of assessment. She is also active in European projects such as the Dutch CEF Grid, EBAFLS or the CEF-ESTIM Grid project she coordinated at ECML in Graz (2008-2011). Abstract Given the ambitious linguistic and cognitive objectives of CLIL classes, teachers are forced to face the difficulties inherent in this twofold mode of teaching. Content teachers and language teachers are not trained in the same way and do not share the same goals. How can we improve the situation of CLIL classes in France? How can we help students to integrate the knowledge obtained in a CLIL class into their general world knowledge? How are we going to help them use a foreign language to communicate meaningful content with reasonable confidence? This article will show how the task-oriented approach advocated by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages can help create a better synergy between the two aspects of CLIL. Introduction For the past ten years, the Common European Framework of Reference for languages (CEFR) has had an increasing impact on foreign language teaching and learning in France including an emphasis on gaining intercultural perspectives. France was indeed the first European country to mention the existence of the CEFR and its action-oriented approach in its official school curriculum. Our purpose here is to analyse the impact of the CEFR on CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning).
Structurally complex metallic coatings in the Al-Cu system and their orientation relationships with an icosahedral quasicrystal

Quasicrystals have been identified as alloys possessing unusually low surface energy. This results in poor adhesion properties of quasicrystalline coatings when deposited on metallic substrates, hindering the development of these new materials for technological applications. Here we investigate the possible use of complex Al-Cu metallic phases as interface layers to accommodate the structural and electronic mismatch between a quasicrystalline coating and a metallic substrate and improve adhesion. First, we show that all stable low-temperature phases of the Al-Cu system can be grown as thin films using DC magnetron sputtering. Among the various possible phases, we select the γ-brass γ-Al_4Cu_9 as a promising candidate for the interface layer. Then the γ-Al_4Cu_9 phase is grown on the fivefold surface of an icosahedral ( i -) Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystal. The interface is investigated by transmission electron microscopy and shows a clear texturing of the film. The grains exhibit rotational epitaxy with the substrate. We find that the interface is mainly composed of a ß-phase of unknown chemical composition and sometimes exhibits γ grains in direct contact with the quasicrystalline substrate. Occasionally, we observe a fourth phase at the ß/γ interface, identified as ß_1, possessing a lattice parameter a _ß1 equal to 2 a _ß and 2/3 a _γ.
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorder among Workers in Taiwan: A Nationwide Study

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorder among Workers in Taiwan: A Nationwide Study: How‐Ran Guo, et al. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan R.O. C— Musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) is a common problem among workers. In spite of the numerous reports on MSD in various specific groups of workers, few data on the prevalence in the general working population are available except for back pain. We analyzed the information collected through a nationwide survey in Taiwan in 1994 to estimate the prevalence of MSD by age, gender, and education level and identify high‐risk industries. In the survey, a standard questionnaire was distributed to a representative sample of 22,475 nonself‐employed workers in Taiwan. National estimates were obtained by applying a weight to each participant. Among the sampled workers, 18,942 (84.3%) participated, and 37.0% (standard error=0.4%) had MSD. Female workers had a significantly higher overall prevalence than male workers (39.5% vs. 35.2%, p<0.05). Education and age also had significant associations with MSD (p<0.001 in both genders). “Lower back and waist” were the most frequently affected body parts (18.3% among males and 19.7% among females), but the prevalence of MSDs of the neck, shoulders, hands and wrists were also above 10%. The top ten high‐risk major industries for MSD of various body parts for each gender were identified, and some industries, including “Basic Metal Industries” and “Buildings Construction,” were among the top ten for multiple body parts. Our study showed that MSDs of body parts other than the back are also prevalent, especially in the neck, shoulders, hands and wrists. We also identified high‐risk industries for further research and intervention.
Location based Social Network analysis using Tensors and Signal Processing tools

With the rise of online social networks and smartphones that record the user's location, a new type of online social network has gained popularity during the last few years, the so called Location-based Social Networks (LBSNs). In such networks, users voluntarily share their location with their friends via a “check-in”. In exchange they get recommendations tailored to their particular location as well as special deals that businesses offer when users check-in frequently. LBSNs started as specialized platforms such as Gowalla and Foursquare, however their immense popularity has led online social networking giants like Facebook to adopt this functionality. The spatial aspect of LBSNs directly ties the physical with the online world, creating a very rich ecosystem where users interact with their friends both online as well as declare their physical (co-)presence in various locations. Such a rich environment calls for novel analytic tools that can model the aforementioned types of interactions. In this work, we propose to model and analyze LBSNs using Tensors and Tensor Decompositions, powerful analytical tools that have enjoyed great growth and success in fields like Machine Learning, Data Mining, and Signal Processing alike. By doing so, we identify tightly knit, hidden communities of users and locations which they frequent. In addition to Tensor Decompositions, we use Signal Processing tools that have been previously used in Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimations, in order to study the temporal dynamics of hidden communities in LBSNs.
The cluster abundance in flat and open cosmologies

We use the galaxy cluster X-ray temperature distribution function to constrain the am­ plitude of the power spectrum of density inhomogeneities on the scale corresponding to clusters. We carry out the analysis for critical-density universes, for low-density universes with a cosmological constant included to restore spatial flatness and for genuinely open universes. That clusters with the same present temperature but different formation times have different virial masses is included. We model cluster mergers using two completely different approaches, and show that the final results from each are extremely similar. We give careful consideration to the uncertainties involved, carrying out a Monte Carlo analysis to determine the cumulative errors. For critical density our result agrees with previous papers, but we believe that the result carries a larger uncertainty. For low­ density universes, either flat or open, the required amplitude of the power spectrum in­ creases as the density is decreased. If all the dark matter is taken to be cold, then the clus­ ter abundance constraint remains compatible with both galaxy correlation data and the COBE measurement of microwave background anisotropies for any reasonable density.
Utility of Mining Algorithms in Blogs Searching Efficiency

The aim of this paper is focus discovering frequent patterns in Web log data and to obtain information about the navigational behavior of the users. Frequent pattern mining is researched area in the area of data mining. Using frequent pattern discovery methods in Web log data can result into good practices. Discovering hidden information from Web log data is called Web usage mining. The use of advertising purposes in creating dynamic user profiles etc. In this paper three pattern mining approaches are investigated from the Web usage mining point of view. The different patterns in Web log mining are page sets, page sequences and page graphs.
A clinical and microbiological comparison of Staphylococcus aureus toxic shock and scalded skin syndromes in children.

BACKGROUND This study was designed to compare the clinical characteristics, toxin expression, virulence factors, and antimicrobial susceptibilities of staphylococci isolated from Taiwanese children with staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) and staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS). METHODS Demographic characteristics, hospital course, and outcomes of the children were analyzed. Toxin-specific and virulence genes of the staphylococci were detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by disk diffusion and the Etest. RESULTS Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 16 children (6 in the STSS group and 10 in the SSSS group). Children with STSS tended to be older than those with SSSS, had a longer duration of hospitalization, and a much higher mortality rate. Community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus was isolated from 11 (68.8%) of 16 children. All of these isolates contained the ermB and mecA genes, but none had the mefA gene. All 16 isolates tested positive for the fnbA gene. The pvl and seb genes were more frequently found among S. aureus from the STSS group, compared with S. aureus from the SSSS group. We found that 67% (4 of 6) of the STSS isolates were genetically related. All of the S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, gentamicin, doxycycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Most isolates were resistant to clindamycin (63%), oxacillin (69%), and clarithromycin (81%). CONCLUSIONS The most distinguishing feature of these isolates is the greater frequency of pvl and seb carriage among those from the STSS group. Most of the isolates were community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus that were highly resistant to macrolides but susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Vancomycin remains the initial drug of choice for treatment of STSS and SSSS. More studies are needed to determine the efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in children with these syndromes.
One-Class Support Vector Machines for Aerial Images Segmentation

Interpretation of aerial images is an important task in various applications. Image segmentation can be viewed as the essential step for extracting information from aerial images. Among many developed segmentation methods, the technique of clustering has been extensively investigated and used. However, determining the number of clusters in an image is inherently a difficult problem, especially when a priori information on the aerial image is unavailable. This study proposes a support vector machine approach for clustering aerial images. Three cluster validity indices, distance-based index, Davies-Bouldin index, and Xie-Beni index, are utilized as quantitative measures of the quality of clustering results. Comparisons on the effectiveness of these indices and various parameters settings on the proposed methods are conducted. Experimental results are provided to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed approach. Keywords—Aerial imaging, image segmentation, machine learning, support vector machine, cluster validity index
Evolution Acts on Enhancer Organization to Fine-Tune Gradient Threshold Readouts

The elucidation of principles governing evolution of gene regulatory sequence is critical to the study of metazoan diversification. We are therefore exploring the structure and organizational constraints of regulatory sequences by studying functionally equivalent cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) that have been evolving in parallel across several loci. Such an independent dataset allows a multi-locus study that is not hampered by nonfunctional or constrained homology. The neurogenic ectoderm enhancers (NEEs) of Drosophila melanogaster are one such class of coordinately regulated CRMs. The NEEs share a common organization of binding sites and as a set would be useful to study the relationship between CRM organization and CRM activity across evolving lineages. We used the D. melanogaster transgenic system to screen for functional adaptations in the NEEs from divergent drosophilid species. We show that the individual NEE modules across a genome in any one lineage have independently evolved adaptations to compensate for lineage-specific developmental and/or genomic changes. Specifically, we show that both the site composition and the site organization of NEEs have been finely tuned by distinct, lineage-specific selection pressures in each of the three divergent species that we have examined: D. melanogaster, D. pseudoobscura, and D. virilis. Furthermore, by precisely altering the organization of NEEs with different morphogen gradient threshold readouts, we show that CRM organizational evolution is sufficient for explaining changes in enhancer activity. Thus, evolution can act on CRM organization to fine-tune morphogen gradient threshold readouts over a wide dynamic range. Our study demonstrates that equivalence classes of CRMs are powerful tools for detecting lineage-specific adaptations by gene regulatory sequences.
Analysis of botnets through life-cycle

Among all the existent threats to cybersecurity, botnets are clearly situated in the top list. As a consequence of this importance, the research community is enormously increasing its interest on this problem and the number of publications on botnets is exponentially growing in the last years. We perform an analysis of botnets aimed at giving order to all these research contributions. This analysis is different from the previous contributions because it considers the problem of botnets from a global perspective, and not only studying certain technical aspects like type of architecture, protocols or detection techniques. The starting point to do this is the own botnet life-cycle, understood as the sequence of stages that a botnet should successfully traverse in order to reach the success. As a consequence of our study, we have deducted that the interruption of any of the stages makes it possible to thwart a botnet purpose and, thus, make it useless.
50 MHz–10 GHz Low-Power Resistive Feedback Current-Reuse Mixer with Inductive Peaking for Cognitive Radio Receiver

A low-power wideband mixer is designed and implemented in 0.13 µm standard CMOS technology based on resistive feedback current-reuse (RFCR) configuration for the application of cognitive radio receiver. The proposed RFCR architecture incorporates an inductive peaking technique to compensate for gain roll-off at high frequency while enhancing the bandwidth. A complementary current-reuse technique is used between transconductance and IF stages to boost the conversion gain without additional power consumption by reusing the DC bias current of the LO stage. This downconversion double-balanced mixer exhibits a high and flat conversion gain (CG) of 14.9 ± 1.4 dB and a noise figure (NF) better than 12.8 dB. The maximum input 1-dB compression point (P1dB) and maximum input third-order intercept point (IIP3) are −13.6 dBm and −4.5 dBm, respectively, over the desired frequency ranging from 50 MHz to 10 GHz. The proposed circuit operates down to a supply headroom of 1 V with a low-power consumption of 3.5 mW.
Optimal control of an Aerial Robot

In this paper, the design procedure of a proposed optimal controller for an aerial robot or unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is studied to perform a specific manoeuvre. The manoeuvre is defined as speeding on the runway, taking off, cruising, turning back to the airport, landing and braking on the runway. Then, a realistic dynamic model for this vehicle is presented by considering perturbation technique in the two sets of equations. Thereafter appropriate controllers are designed by means of optimal control approach. Then, the two sets of longitudinal and lateral equations are simulated simultaneously and the considered UAV is studied as a 6 DOF system for performing mentioned manoeuvre. In this study, a comprehensive simulation routine has been developed and optimal control approach based on non-linear dynamics model is used to evaluate and estimate performance of designed controller on a real UAV system. Fuel consumption rate and weighted state variable errors are computed for path tracking problem, and the obtained results are compared and discussed. It can be concluded that an increase in the total manoeuvre time, may result in considerable deviation of the followed path and also variations in the weighted state error values.
Through silicon via technology — processes and reliability for wafer-level 3D system integration

3D integration is a rapidly growing topic in the semiconductor industry that encompasses different types of technologies. The paper addresses one of the most promising technologies which uses through silicon vias (TSV) for interconnecting stacked devices on wafer-level to perform high density interconnects with a good electrical performance at the smallest form factor for 3D architectures. Fraunhofer IZM developed a post frontend 3D integration process, the so- called ICV-SLID technology based on metal bonding using solid-liquid-interdiffusion (SLID) soldering. The SLID metal system provides the mechanical and the electrical connection, both in one single step. The ICV-SLID fabrication process is well suited for the cost-effective production of both, high- performance applications (e.g. 3D microprocessor) and highly miniaturized multi-functional systems. The latter preferably in combination with wafer-level die stacking, as e.g. Thin Chip Integration (TCI) or SnAg-microbump technologies. The fabrication of distributed wireless sensor systems (e. g. e-CUBESreg) is a typical example for the need of such mixed approaches.
LexSearch: An Approach for Leveraging Semantic Annotations to Searching Ontologies

Recent advancements in the semantic Web has resulted in the proliferation of a number of domain-specific ontologies and vocabularies. Consequently, the ability to effectively and efficiently search ontologies has emerged as an important problem. More often the users, ranging from naive to domain-experts, who seek ontologies for their application (e.g., analysis of patient data) either use existing search engines such as Swoogle (Ding et al. 2004) or solicit suggestions from peers (e.g., via mailing lists). Unsurprisingly, this is a very cumbersome and labor intensive process. Towards this end, in this paper we propose LexSearch—a technique that facilitates data-driven (semi-) automatic ontology search. Specifically, LexSearch leverages semantic annotations or tags created by the users and experts to generate a triple-based data model which is applied for selecting domain-specific ontologies. The discovered ontologies are then ranked primarily based on content coverage. An important aspect of LexSearch is to provide an uniform ontology-language agnostic framework for finding multiple ontologies that takes into consideration various relationships between the on-
A spatial QoS requirements specification for V2V applications

Vehicle-to-vehicle wireless communication is a key component of tomorrow's cooperative safety applications. However, the wireless link is susceptible to effects such as shadowing which can cause communication failures. Such failures may in turn lead to hazardous traffic situations when safety applications cease to function. By monitoring communication QoS and adapting to changes, effects of link failure may be mitigated, however this requires a specification of the application QoS requirements. In this paper we combine the T-Window reliability QoS metric with a spatial component, allowing us to capture the dependencies between VANET QoS requirements and road geometry. The proposed representation can be used both at design-time, to characterize applications, and at run-time for QoS monitoring and adaptation purposes.