Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Game Fun Prediction Based on Frequency Domain Physiological Signals: Observational Study

Traditionally, the subjective questionnaire collected from game players is regarded as a primary tool to evaluate a video game. However, the subjective evaluation result may vary due to individual differences, and it is not easy to provide real-time feedback to optimize the user experience. This paper aims to develop an objective game fun prediction system. In this system, the wearables with photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors continuously measure the heartbeat signals of game players, and the frequency domain heart rate variability (HRV) parameters can be derived from the inter-beat interval (IBI) sequence. Frequency domain HRV parameters, such as low frequency(LF), high frequency(HF), and LF/HF ratio, highly correlate with the human’s emotion and mental status. Most existing works on emotion measurement during a game adopt time domain physiological signals such as heart rate and facial electromyography (EMG). Time domain signals can be easily interfered with by noises and environmental effects. The main contributions of this paper include (1) regarding the curve transition and standard deviation of LF/HF ratio as the objective game fun indicators and (2) proposing a linear model using objective indicators for game fun score prediction. The self-built dataset in this study involves ten healthy participants, comprising 36 samples. According to the analytical results, the linear model’s mean absolute error (MAE) was 4.16%, and the root mean square error (RMSE) was 5.07%. While integrating this prediction model with wearable-based HRV measurements, the proposed system can provide a solution to improve the user experience of video games.
Initial Study of Hadronic Energy Resolution in the Analog HCAL and the Complete CALICE Setup

The hadronic energy resolution of the CALICE analog hadron calorimeter and of the complete CALICE setup, consisting of a SiW electromagnetic calorimeter, an analog scintillatorsteel hadron calorimeter and an analog scintillator-steel tail catcher, has been studied using data taken in 2007 at CERN. To optimize the energy resolution for single hadrons by taking advantage of the high granularity and segmentation of these calorimeters, a simple signal weighting procedure based on the density of deposited energy in each cell is studied. These initial studies yield a stochastic term of the resolution of approximately 50%/ √ E in the case of the HCAL stand alone and for the complete setup. This corresponds to an improvement of roughly 25% and 18% compared to the resolution obtained without density dependent weighting for the HCAL and the complete setup, respectively. ∗Corresponding authors: Katja Seidel (kseidel@mpp.mpg.de), Frank Simon (frank.simon@universe-cluster.de)
New aspects of time fractional optimal control problems within operators with nonsingular kernel

This paper deals with a new formulation of time fractional optimal control problems governed by Caputo-Fabrizio (CF) fractional derivative. The optimality system for this problem is derived, which contains the forward and backward fractional differential equations in the sense of CF. These equations are then expressed in terms of Volterra integrals and also solved by a new numerical scheme based on approximating the Volterra integrals. The linear rate of convergence for this method is also justified theoretically. We present three illustrative examples to show the performance of this method. These examples also test the contribution of using CF derivative for dynamical constraints and we observe the efficiency of this new approach compared to the classical version of fractional operators.
Surface modification of aramid fiber by cascade process with atmospheric plasma and TDI grafting

Aramid fiber (AF)/epoxy composites are often used as mechanical and insulating materials for ultra-high voltage gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) insulation pull rods. However, the product performance is believed to be restricted by the poor adhesion between AF and the resin matrix, affecting the operation reliability of GIS. In this work, a cascade process was applied to modify the AF surface to improve interfacial behavior. The AF was first treated with air dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure to obtain a rough surface and then reacted with toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) to introduce polar functional groups onto the surface. The plasma discharge power and treatment time were investigated as major parameters, and the aging effect was studied. The modified AF was characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscope, and filament yarn tensile test. The interfacial behavior of the AF/epoxy composite was analyzed by interfacial shear strength (IFSS) test of micro-bond specimen and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) test of Naval Ordnance Laboratory rings. Experimental results showed that polar functional groups were introduced onto the AF surface. The IFSS and ILSS of AF/epoxy composite were increased by 32.8% and 20.2% at most, respectively, and the tensile strength of the AF was mostly preserved. Moreover, with the increase in plasma discharge power, the interfacial strength of the modified AF/epoxy interface increased firstly and then decreased. The AF modified by TDI retained a relatively good modification effect after aging for some time. This study presents a cascade process for the AF surface modification with simplicity, effectiveness, and resource-saving, which is suitable for industrial applications.
Being Cared for and Growing Up Slowly: Parenting Slows Human Life History

SYNOPSIS Objective. For most animals, extrinsic mortality risks drive a fast life history (LH) strategy in which animals disregard risks and accelerate reproduction. Instead of perpetuating mortality driving fast LH, humans have reduced almost all mortality risks in living environments, resulting in a significant slowing of LH. Additionally, humans exhibit invested parenting which entails teaching their young survival or mortality reduction skills. Could parenting provide an additional pathway to the development and slowing of human LH? Design. Data reported here come from interviews and questionnaires administered to a community sample of 286 rural Chinese parents and their children when the children were on average 7, 8, and 11 years old. Results. Parental acceptance statistically mediates and moderates the longitudinal association between environmental adversities and children’s LH. Conclusions. Parenting breaks the species-general contingency between mortality conditions and fast offspring LH strategies and provides an additional pathway to the development and slowing of human LH.
Explicit Computation of Cheeger Constants for some Classes of Graphs

This article deals with the explicit computation of the Cheeger constant and its connection to understanding the properties of some classes of graphs. Cheeger constant is a measure of the connectivity or disconnectivity of graphs and gives the best possible way to cut a graph. More precisely, we deal with the problem of splitting the graph into two large components of approximately equal volumes by making a small cut, which is the idea of Cheeger constant of a graph. We computed the Cheeger constants for simple classes of graphs such as 2-comb graphs, cycle graphs, complete graphs, and cube graphs. We further analyzed the dynamics of Cheeger constants of the graphs under vertex-edge transformation.
SFCFOS Uniform and Chebyshev Amplitude Distribution Linear Array Antenna for K-Band Applications

In this study, a compact series-fed center-fed open-stub (SFCFOS) linear array antenna for K-band applications is presented. The antenna is composed of a single-line 10-element linear array. A symmetrical Chebyshev amplitude distribution (CAD) is used to obtain a low sidelobe characteristic against a uniform amplitude distribution (UAD). The amplitude is controlled by varying the width of the microstrip patch elements, and open-ended stubs are arranged next to the last antenna element to use the energy of the radiating signal more effectively. We insert a series-fed stub between two patches and obtain a low mutual coupling for a 4.28-mm center-to-center spacing (0.7λ at 21 GHz). A prototype of the antenna is fabricated and tested. The overall size of the uniform linear array is 7.04 × 1.05 × 0.0563 λg3 and that of the Chebyshev linear array is 9.92 × 1.48 × 0.0793 λ g3. The UAD array yields a |S11| < –10 dB bandwidth of 1.33% (20.912–21.192 GHz) and 1.45% (20.89–21.196 GHz) for the CAD. The uniform array design gives a −23 dB return loss, and the Chebyshev array achieves a −30.68 dB return loss at the center frequency with gains of 15.3 dBi and 17 dBi, respectively. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement.
Joint Target Sensing and Energy-Harvesting-Based Remote State Monitoring: A CMDP Approach

The emerging paradigm of perceptive networks has attracted much recent attention to the integration of communication and sensing functionalities. In this letter, we mainly consider an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system comprised of a target and multiple energy harvesting (EH) enabled low-power sensors. To support a monitoring task by charging the sensors with radiated radio-frequency power while keeping sensing the target, a transmit beamforming-based scheme is designed for focusing energy in the directions of sensors and the target. Given a quality-of-service (QoS) constraint on the sensing task, a unified stochastic scheduling scheme is presented to assure the freshness of the sensor information at a monitor. Under the stochastic scheduling scheme, we minimize the average Age of Information (AoI) of all sensors by dynamically adjusting transmission power and beamforming weights in use. Given a power constraint, the optimal scheduling policy is obtained by a constrained Markov Decision Process (CMDP) approach. More specifically, an optimal tradeoff between the average power and average AoI is revealed through linear programming (LP) formulation, which is further demonstrated by extensive numerical results.
AI classification for hepatitis B virus detection based on Mueller matrix imaging

A novel method of artificial intelligence (AI) classification is proposed for hepatitis B virus (HBV) detection based on the Mueller matrix imaging system. The feasibility of the proposed technique is demonstrated by measuring the optical properties of non-infected and infected HBV blood samples. Furthermore, different AI classifier techniques namely Yolo5, Yolo5-Restnet101, Yolo5-EfficientnetB0, and Yolo5-MobilenetV2 have been employed to classify the HBV samples. The results show that the proposed method provides 99% accuracy for HBV classification. In general, the proposed technique provides reliable and simple devices for HBV diagnosis applications.
Functional vegetation community responses to soil and topographic factors in the Loess Plateau of China

Given the developmental program outlined in United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 15 (Life on Land) and the to effectively address the challenge of biodiversity decline while mitigating the adverse effects of climate change, particularly drought, on terrestrial forest ecosystems, a fundamental reorientation of global forest restoration paradigms is warranted. It is imperative to move beyond a narrow emphasis on expanding forest area and instead prioritize the enhancement of biodiversity and functional attributes within these ecosystems. However, the differential response mechanisms of forest ecosystem functional communities and main plant functional types (PFTs) to environmental factors, especially soil and topography, remains unclear, especially at plant level. Here, we divided the functional communities of 93 sites in the study area into seven groups through Two‐way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN), and studied the different functional communities, namely dynamic succession, species richness, and PFT compositional differences. We also analyzed the various PFTs and functional community response mechanisms to soil and topographic factors using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The main results were as follows: (1) With the successional stages of PFTs, vegetation diversity across multiple functional communities inceased, tree and shrub proportions and importance increased, while herbs decreased. (2) From the arid and barren areas (i.e., G2), to the humid and fertile areas (i.e., G6 and G7), various compositional PFT differences, and their responses to soil and topographic factors, were found, namely, xerophytic, annual and biennial species gradually changed to mesophytic, hygrophytic, and perennial species (richness increased 6.94 ~ 27.33%, important value (IV) increased 8.73 ~ 29.45%) for shrubs and herbs. (3) Functional communities in various successional stages display distinct sensitivities to soil and topographic factors, as evidenced by a notable increase in the richness and IV of deciduous broad‐leaved tree species, rendering their communities more responsive to SOC and AS, whereas evergreen coniferous trees (e.g., Pinus tabuliformis Carr.) were sensitive to altitude (AL) and exhibited a tendency to transition from plantations to natural secondary forests predominantly at higher altitudes (above 1200 m). Our findings suggest that site conditions influence scenarios, and that different PFT responses and adjustments to soil and topography factors affect whole functional community dynamic succession processes, which can profoundly impact forest ecosystem function predictions based on PFT changes in the Loess Plateau of China.
WALKING ABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL INDICATORS

The aim of this study was to verify the association between sociodemographic and clinical indicators with the walking ability in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. A cross-sectional study examined a non-probabilistic sample of patients with PAOD. Walking ability was determined using the Walking Impairment Questionnaire. Sociodemographic and clinical indicators were explored. Spearman correlation and crude and adjusted linear regression were used in the analysis. Forty individuals (age 62.8±9.7 years) participated in the study. Only disease severity showed a strong negative correlation with total walking ability score (r=-0.75) and its items: walking distance (r=-0.73), walking speed (r=-0.69), and climbing stairs (r=-0.69). After adjustment, higher educational level (β=13.0; p=0.047) and disease severity (β=12.7; p=0.001) were associated with walking ability (R²=0.50; VIF:1.33; p≤0.001). Patients with PAOD have impairments in their walking ability, which is related to low educational level and increased severity of the diseaseO objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre indicadores sociodemográficos e clínicos com a capacidade de locomoção em pacientes com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP). Um estudo transversal examinou uma amostra não probabilística de pacientes com DAOP. A capacidade de locomoção foi determinada usando o Walking Impairment Questionnaire. Foram explorados indicadores sociodemográficos e clínicos. Correlação de Spearman e regressão linear bruta e ajustada foram utilizadas na análise. Quarenta indivíduos (idade 62,8±9,7 anos) participaram do estudo. Apenas a gravidade da doença apresentou forte correlação negativa com o escore total da capacidade de locomoção (r=-0,75) e seus itens: distância percorrida (r=-0,73), velocidade da caminhada (r=-0,69) e subir escadas (r=-0,69). Após ajuste, maior escolaridade (β=13,0; p=0,047) e gravidade da doença (β=12,7; p=0,001) associaram-se à capacidade de locomoção (R²=0,50; VIF:1,33; p≤0,001). Pacientes com DAOP apresentam prejuízos na capacidade de locomoção, o que está relacionado com a baixa escolaridade e ao aumento da gravidade da doença.
A scoping review on climate change education

Escalating climate impacts predicted in the past decades are now a reality almost everywhere on the planet, and the time-critical dimension of the climate crisis means that the coming years will be instrumental in securing a climate resilient future for generations to come. Education is central to promoting climate action, yet the role that climate change education plays in advancing climate awareness, action and advocacy, and helping to enhance resiliency for young generations and the public at large is poorly understood. Here, we provide a first-of-its kind mapping of the literature on climate change education to better understand topic relationships and spatial distribution, and highlight potential new avenues for research on climate education. Machine learning methods including semantic analysis, geoparsing and topic modeling are used to support our study. Topic modeling shows that climate change education is a very interdisciplinary field of research well embedded in key climate change research topics including climate change adaptation, disaster risks and education, mitigation and sustainability, with the bulk of the literature situated in social science research, followed by topics on agricultural and adaptation, and education topics including methodologies, paradigm shifts, and research methods. Central to climate change education is the methodological dimension of teaching and educating either through formal or informal methods. Topic clustering reveals that topics including energy, renewable energy, fossil fuel and emissions are visibly far from topics school, teacher and science. As expected, social research lies in the middle and overlaps at the periphery with most other topic clusters, except with topics of energy mitigation, disaster risk, and medical health. Through geoparsing, country mentions and case studies are largely skewed towards the
Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Formation Determines ACSL4/LPCAT2-Mediated Ferroptosis

Ferroptosis is a form of oxidative cell death that is characterized by enhanced lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial impairment. The enzymes acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT) play an essential role in the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids, thereby providing the substrates for lipid peroxidation and promoting ferroptosis. To examine the impact of mitochondria in ACSL4/LPCAT2-driven ferroptosis, HEK293T cells overexpressing ACSL4 and LPCAT2 (OE) or empty vector controls (LV) were exposed to 1S, 3R-RSL3 (RSL3) for induction of ferroptosis. The ACSL4/LPCAT2 overexpression resulted in higher sensitivity against RSL3-induced cell death compared to LV-transfected controls. Moreover, mitochondrial parameters such as mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial respiration deteriorated in the OE cells, supporting the conclusion that mitochondria play a significant role in ACSL4/LPCAT2-driven ferroptosis. This was further confirmed through the protection of OE cells against RSL3-mediated cell death by the mitochondrial ROS scavenger mitoquinone (MitoQ), which exerted protection via antioxidative properties rather than through previously reported metabolic effects. Our findings implicate that mitochondrial ROS production and the accompanying organelle disintegration are essential for mediating oxidative cell death initiated through lipid peroxidation in ferroptosis.
Torrential mitral regurgitation following right ventricular apical pacing in rheumatic mitral valve disease: a case report

Abstract Background Mitral regurgitation may develop or worsen following right ventricular apical pacing due to dyssynchronous left ventricular contraction. Pre-existing secondary mitral annular dilation is a well-recognized and important contributing factor. This description of pacing-induced torrential mitral regurgitation in the setting of rheumatic mitral valve disease is a rare case in which a primary mitral valve lesion was the antecedent mechanism. Case summary A 60-year-old man was admitted with dizziness and pre-syncope. Twelve-lead electrocardiogram showed complete heart block. A dual-chamber pacemaker was implanted and programmed in DDD mode. Transthoracic echocardiography performed a day later demonstrated a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 63% and moderate mitral regurgitation. The patient presented 4 months later with breathlessness and orthopnoea. Pacemaker interrogation demonstrated a 98% right ventricular pacing burden. Echocardiography revealed torrential mitral regurgitation secondary to left ventricular dyssynchrony and complete loss of leaflet coaptation with preserved systolic function. Post-capillary pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed following right heart catheterization. The patient underwent metallic mitral valve replacement, tricuspid annuloplasty, and left internal mammary artery grafting to the left anterior descending artery for a severe proximal stenosis. On inspection, the native mitral valve was notably rheumatic in appearance, and this was confirmed histologically. Discussion It is important to closely monitor the progression of mitral regurgitation in those with primary mitral valve disease undergoing right ventricular pacing. Early follow-up may prevent the adverse haemodynamic consequences of worsening mitral regurgitation, with a greater chance of recovery of left ventricular function following surgery.
Laser speckle correlation microscopy system to image microvascular perfusion

Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) methods are extensively used in assessment of blood flow to detect various pathological conditions in different parts of human body. In contrast to LSCI being deployed for larger region of interest (few centimeters), we present a laser speckle imaging at microscopic level. Rather than utilizing the conventional speckle contrast, we use intensity auto-correlation using recently developed Multi-step Volterra Integral method(MVIM) to quantify the micro-perfusion. The proposed laser speckle correlation microscopy (LSCM) system is validated using microfluidic flow phantom experiments.
Parents, Teachers, and Community: A Team Approach to Developing Physical Competence in Children

Increasing children’s physical activity engagement has short- and long-term health benefits. Developing physical competence is a key component of children’s engagement in physical activity. The purpose of our study was to assess if a 12-week home, school, and community-based physical literacy intervention improved the physical competence of children in kindergarten and grade one. Four schools were either assigned to receive the intervention (n = 2 schools) or continue with their usual practice (control sites) (n = 2 schools). Physical competence was evaluated pre- and post-intervention in 103 intervention (41 female) and 83 usual practice (36 female) children using PLAY Fun. PLAY Parent and PLAY Coach tools measured parent and teacher perspectives of children’s physical competence, respectively. The intervention effect was assessed with repeated measures MANOVA to evaluate change in physical competence, with alpha set at p < 0.05. Children in both groups improved their locomotor, object control, and overall physical competence (p < 0.05) over the 12-week intervention. There was a significant intervention effect for locomotor and overall physical competence (p < 0.05). Interestingly, parents did not perceive these changes in physical competence (p > 0.05). However, teachers perceived improved physical competence for children in the intervention. Our physical literacy intervention improved the physical competence of children in kindergarten and grade one.