Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Opportunistic D2D communication in energy harvesting heterogeneous cellular network

Mobile user equipment relay (UER) has been introduced by 3GPP to enhance communication reliability through device-to-device (D2D) communications. However, as UER needs to use its own power to forward other user's data, D2D communication may be unreasonable to the UER. To overcome this issue, motivated by the recent progress in energy harvesting (EH) techniques, we propose a D2D communication provided EH heterogeneous cellular network (D2D-EHHN), where UERs harvest energy from an access point (AP) and use the harvested energy for D2D communication. We first derive the UER distribution according to the EH parameters, and then propose opportunistic D2D communication scheme to determine the transmission mode based on the best UER location. We then explore the effect of network parameters on the outage probability. Particularly, we show that having a high EH efficiency at user equipments (UEs) does not always improve the performance of D2D-EHHN, especially for dense network, and also how EH parameters affect the optimal offloading bias that minimizes the outage probability of D2D-EHHN.
GCN20, a novel ATP binding cassette protein, and GCN1 reside in a complex that mediates activation of the eIF‐2 alpha kinase GCN2 in amino acid‐starved cells.

GCN2 is a protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha‐subunit of translation initiation factor 2 (eIF‐2) and thereby stimulates translation of GCN4 mRNA in amino acid‐starved cells. We isolated a null mutation in a previously unidentified gene, GCN20, that suppresses the growth‐inhibitory effect of eIF‐2 alpha hyperphosphorylation catalyzed by mutationally activated forms of GCN2. The deletion of GCN20 in otherwise wild‐type strains impairs derepression of GCN4 translation and reduces the level of eIF‐2 alpha phosphorylation in vivo, showing that GCN20 is a positive effector of GCN2 kinase function. In accordance with this conclusion, GCN20 was co‐immunoprecipitated from cell extracts with GCN1, another factor required to activate GCN2, and the two proteins interacted in the yeast two‐hybrid system. We conclude that GCN1 and GCN20 are components of a protein complex that couples the kinase activity of GCN2 to the availability of amino acids. GCN20 is a member of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family of proteins and is closely related to ABC proteins identified in Caenorhabditis elegans, rice and humans, suggesting that the function of GCN20 may be conserved among diverse eukaryotic organisms.
Retinal Remodeling: Concerns, Emerging Remedies and Future Prospects

Deafferentation results not only in sensory loss, but also in a variety of alterations in the postsynaptic circuitry. These alterations may have detrimental impact on potential treatment strategies. Progressive loss of photoreceptors in retinal degenerative diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration, leads to several changes in the remnant retinal circuitry. Müller glial cells undergo hypertrophy and form a glial seal. The second- and third-order retinal neurons undergo morphological, biochemical and physiological alterations. A result of these alterations is that retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the output neurons of the retina, become hyperactive and exhibit spontaneous, oscillatory bursts of spikes. This aberrant electrical activity degrades the signal-to-noise ratio in RGC responses, and thus the quality of information they transmit to the brain. These changes in the remnant retina, collectively termed “retinal remodeling”, pose challenges for genetic, cellular and bionic approaches to restore vision. It is therefore crucial to understand the nature of retinal remodeling, how it affects the ability of remnant retina to respond to novel therapeutic strategies, and how to ameliorate its effects. In this article, we discuss these topics, and suggest that the pathological state of the retinal output following photoreceptor loss is reversible, and therefore, amenable to restorative strategies.
Hot Potatoes: Chinese Complaint Systems from Early Times to the Late Qing (1898)

This essay is a first attempt at examining the origins and development of Chinese complaint systems before 1900, so as to understand the nature and character of this institution in historical perspective. The essay argues that the Chinese complaint system originated as an informal system in the pre-Han period and developed gradually from the late Han to the Sui. The Tang first institutionalized such a system and distinguished three major forms of complaints: direct, jumping, and gradual appeals. Subsequent states generally followed the Tang model but also made significant changes. Chinese rulers, deeply influenced by the Confucian concept of minben (people as the foundation of the state) and by notions of heaven–human interaction (tianren ganying) , tended to accept illegal appeals no matter how annoying they were for fear that any grievance might prompt heavenly punishments, while complainants regarded their appeals as a natural right no matter how useless they were. In this way, the complaint system become a hot potato for rulers that was too hot to hold but too valuable to drop.
Sequence of the intron/exon junctions of the coding region of the human androgen receptor gene and identification of a point mutation in a family with complete androgen insensitivity

Androgens act through a receptor protein (AR) to mediate sex differentiation and development of the male phenotype. We have isolated the eight exons in the amino acid coding region of the AR gene from a human X chromosome library. Nucleotide sequences of the AR gene intron/exon boundaries were determined for use in designing synthetic oligonucleotide primers to bracket coding exons for amplification by the polymerase chain reaction. Genomic DNA was amplified from 46,XY phenotypic female siblings with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome. AR binding affinity for dihydrotestosterone in the affected siblings was lower than in normal males, but the binding capacity was normal. Sequence analysis of amplified exons demonstrated within the AR steroid-binding domain (exon G) a single guanine to adenine mutation, resulting in replacement of valine with methionine at amino acid residue 866. As expected, the carrier mother had both normal and mutant AR genes. Thus, a single point mutation in the steroid-binding domain of the AR gene correlated with the expression of an AR protein ineffective in stimulating male sexual development.
Iron bioavailability: UK Food Standards Agency workshop report

The UK Food Standards Agency convened a group of expert scientists to review current research investigating factors affecting iron status and the bioavailability of dietary iron. Results presented at the workshop show menstrual blood loss to be the major determinant of body iron stores in premenopausal women. In the presence of abundant and varied food supplies, the health consequences of lower iron bioavailability are unclear and require further investigation.
Segmental Ostial Ablation to Isolate the Pulmonary Veins During Atrial Fibrillation: Feasibility and Mechanistic Insights

Background—The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and mechanistic implications of segmental pulmonary vein (PV) ostial ablation during atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods and Results—Forty consecutive patients underwent PV isolation for AF. Among 125 PVs targeted for isolation, ablation was performed during AF in 70 veins and during sinus rhythm in 55 veins. A decapolar Lasso catheter was positioned near the ostium. During AF, ostial ablation was performed near the Lasso catheter electrodes that recorded a tachycardia with a cycle length shorter than in the adjacent left atrium. During sinus rhythm, ostial ablation was guided by PV potentials. Complete PV isolation was achieved in 70 PVs (100%) ablated during AF and in 53 PVs (96%) ablated during sinus rhythm (P =0.4). The mean durations of radiofrequency energy needed for isolation were 7.4±4.4 and 5.2±3.9 minutes during AF and sinus rhythm, respectively (P <0.01). Before ablation, an immediate recurrence of AF (IRAF), occurred after cardioversion in 18 of 40 patients, and IRAF was consistently abolished by PV isolation. The probability of AF termination during isolation of a PV was directly related to the extent of tachycardia in that vein. As more PVs were isolated, induction of persistent AF by rapid pacing became less likely. Conclusions—Segmental ostial ablation guided by PV tachycardia during AF is feasible and as efficacious as during sinus rhythm. The responses to cardioversion, ablation, and rapid pacing observed in this study imply that IRAF is triggered by the PVs and that PV tachycardias may play an important role in the perpetuation of AF.
Alternative Splicing of Fibronectin Pre‐mRNA during Aging a

Fibronectins (FNs) are multifunctional extracellular matrix glycoproteins that interact with other extracellular matrix components as well as with integrin receptors on the cell surface. ’ Three sites of alternative splicing have been described: EDA, EDB, and IIICS in human FN and the corresponding sites (EIIIA, EIIIB, and V) in rat. ’ We investigated the changes in FN pre-mRNA processing in various rat tissues (brain, liver, kidney, lung, and heart) during the life span of the animal: after 17 days of gestation and at 5, 12, 17, and 24 months. Fibronectin pre-mRNA alternative splicing was determined by a ribonuclease protection technique on total tissue RNA. The level of inclusion of each alternative spliced region was evaluated on autoradiograms obtained after RNAse protection experiments by means of an image analyzer and expressed as a ratio between the intensity of upper and lower bands (corresponding, respectively, to the inclusion or exclusion of each variant). During aging (from 5-24 months) we did not observe any generalized change in the relative amounts of the alternatively spliced segments of FN pre-mRNA in most of the tissues analyzed. In this period the only significant change was observed in brain for the EIIIA variant. A marked decrease in the EIIIA+/EIIIAratio in brain tissue was detected between E l7 and 24 months of age and it became particularly acute after 12 months when it decreased from 3.31-1.23 at 24 months (FIG. 1). In aging brain, the decrease in EIIIA inclusion may be due to the occurrence of a cell-specific alteration in the genetic program during aging. * However, other phenomena, such as age-related modifications in brain cell pop~lations,~ may also be related to the observed changes in FN processing. Neural avian crest cells and their derivatives appear to be very responsive to surrounding FN and, in vitro, migrate on layers of the molecule. ’ The high level of inclusion of EIIIA and EIIIB, as expressed by the corresponding mRNA ratios observed in adult rat brain, indicates the important role of these segments in brain tissue. The decreasing levels of inclusion of the EIIIA segment in brain FN mRNA during aging may be an age-related marker with functional consequences.
Using Taxonomy, Discriminants, and Signatures for Navigating in Text Databases

We explore how to organize a text database hierarchically to aid better searching and browsing. We propose to exploit the natural hierarchy of topics, or taxonomy, that many corpora, such as intemet directories, digital libraries, and patent databases enjoy. In our system, the user navigates through the query response not as a flat unstructured list, but embedded in the familiar taxonomy, and annotated with document signatures computed dynamicallywith respect to where the user is located at any time. We show how to update such databases with new documents with high speed and accuracy. We use techniques from statistical pattern recognition to efficiently separate the feature words or discriminants from the noise words at each node of the taxonomy. Using these, we build a multi-level classifier. At each node, this classifier can ignore the large number of noise words in a document. Thus the classifier has a small model size and is very fast. However, owing to the use of context-sensitive features, it classifier is very accurate. We report on experiences with the Reuters newswire benchmark, the US Patent database, and web document samples from Yahoo!
Session two outcome of the formula first session task in problem- and solution-focused approaches

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether there is a difference in treatment effects in single session process between two brief family therapy approaches: (a) the problem-focused approach, and (b) the solution-focused approach. The process of problem identification (starting with the Formula First Session Task) through the process of goal specification is evaluated using three self-report measures and one observational measure. A multivariate analysis of variance was the choice of data analysis. Findings indicate a significant difference between the two approaches when dealing with client's perceived problem improvement, outcome expectancy, session depth, session smoothness, and session positivity. Additional findings indicate no significant differences between the two approaches when dealing with personal attachment, goal identification, problem improvement optimism, client's ability to improve, and session arousal.
Successful carnivore identification with faecal DNA across a fragmented Amazonian landscape

The use of scat surveys to obtain DNA has been well documented in temperate areas, where DNA preservation may be more effective than in tropical forests. Samples obtained in the tropics are often exposed to high humidity, warm temperatures, frequent rain and intense sunlight, all of which can rapidly degrade DNA. Despite these potential problems, we demonstrate successful mtDNA amplification and sequencing for faeces of carnivores collected in tropical conditions and quantify how sample condition and environmental variables influence the success of PCR amplification and species identification. Additionally, the feasibility of genotyping nuclear microsatellites from jaguar (Panthera onca) faeces was investigated. From October 2007 to December 2008, 93 faecal samples were collected in the southern Brazilian Amazon. A total of eight carnivore species was successfully identified from 71% of all samples obtained. Information theoretic analysis revealed that the number of PCR attempts before a successful sequence was an important negative predictor across all three responses (success of species identification, success of species identification from the first sequence and PCR amplification success), whereas the relative importance of the other three predictors (sample condition, season and distance from forest edge) varied between the three responses. Nuclear microsatellite amplification from jaguar faeces had lower success rates (15–44%) compared with those of the mtDNA marker. Our results show that DNA obtained from faecal samples works efficiently for carnivore species identification in the Amazon forest and also shows potential for nuclear DNA analysis, thus providing a valuable tool for genetic, ecological and conservation studies.
Negotiating romantic and sexual relationships: Patterns and meanings of mediated interaction

Everyday life is characterized by multimodality (Walther & Parks, 2002), but little research has examined how media use is incorporated into romantic/sexual relationships. The purpose of this dissertation was to better understand how communication technologies are being integrated into romantic and/or sexual relationships across stages of relational development and to uncover the underlying patterns of, expectations for, and meanings associated with that media use. In order to address this purpose, mixed-methods were employed. During phase one, 37 semi-structured interviews were conducted, which allowed for the qualitative exploration of the expectations and meanings participants attached to media use in romantic/sexual relationships. This was followed by phase two, in which a survey was constructed based upon the findings highlighted in the interview analysis and administered to 120 participants. This study adds to the growing body of literature about how young adults are incorporating communication technologies into their courtship practices (e.g., Gershon, 2010a, 2010b; Jin & Pena, 2010; Pascoe, 2009). First, these results confirm that college students are not following traditional scripts for engaging in romantic relationships (see also Bogle, 2008; Pascoe, 2009). Second, by examining how students talk about their romantic and sexual entanglements, this study uncovered and defined four terms they frequently used to describe their relationships: talking to, hanging out, dating, and hooking up. Third, the results of this study indicate that as relationships grow closer, individuals are more likely to communicate with their partners over the phone. Finally, this dissertation couples traditional interpersonal communication theories uncertainty reduction and facework with perspectives about media use: technological affordances and media symbolism. Results revealed that within romantic/sexual relationships characterized by high relational uncertainty (Knobloch &
Perception du contraste de nasalité vocalique en français1

RÉSUMÉ Cette étude examine la perception du contraste de nasalité vocalique en français standard, et vise, plus globalement, à contribuer à une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes présidant à la covariation phonétique dans les langues du monde. Nous présentons les résultats de deux expériences perceptuelles menées sur des auditeurs francophones et anglophones, l'une d'identification, l'autre de discrimination. L'expérience d'identification montre que la combinaison d'une réduction de la proéminence spectrale en F1/F3 et d'un abaissement de la fréquence de F2 est à la fois nécessaire et suffisante à l'identification des nasales du français standard, tous timbres et tous contextes confondus; le recours à la dimension secondaire (F2) est renforcé en contexte nasal. L'expérience de discrimination montre que la combinaison effectuée par les auditeurs entre les deux dimensions covariantes est d'origine sensorielle, et non décisionnelle.
Social Phenotypes of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Williams Syndrome: Similarities and Differences

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and Williams syndrome (WS) both are neurodevelopmental disorders, each with a unique social phenotypic pattern. This review article aims to define the similarities and differences between the social phenotypes of ASD and WS. We review studies that have examined individuals with WS using diagnostic assessments such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), cross-syndrome direct comparison studies, and studies that have individually examined either disorder. We conclude that (1) individuals with these disorders show quite contrasting phenotypes for face processing (i.e., preference to faces and eyes) and sociability (i.e., interest in and motivation to interact with others), and (2) although the ADOS and a direct comparison study on pragmatic language ability suggest more deficits in ASD, individuals with WS are similarly impaired on social cognition and communicative skills. In light of these results, we discuss how cross-syndrome comparisons between ASD and WS can contribute to developmental theory, cognitive neuroscience, and the development and choice of clinical treatments.
Prevención familiar del consumo de drogas: el programa «Familias que funcionan»

Family-based drug use prevention: The "Familias que Funcionan [Families that work]" program. "Familias que Funcionan"[Families that work] is a family-based drug-use prevention program resulting from the adaptation to the Spanish context of the prestigious North-American "Strengthening Families Program 10-14". The program was applied at four secondary schools (N = 380 pupils) in Asturias (northern Spain). This article presents the results of the assessment of this application after a two-year follow-up, regarding its effectiveness in the reduction of drug use among adolescents and its effects on certain family risk factors. Consistent attendance in the "Familias que Funcionan" program proved effective for reducing both rates (t= -2.73, p<.05 and t= -4.58, p<.005, for the 1- and 2-year follow-ups, respectively) of increase in adolescent drug use and some family risk factors.
The Cowboy Mentality

This paper details the experiences of union organizers in Sweeney's "new labor movement. " It examines the occupational demands that organizers must contend with, such as extensive travel, long hours and emotionally demanding work. The author then describes the occupational culture of organizing, otherwise known as "the cow boy mentality. " Far from a centrally coordinated retention strat egy, the cowboy mentality is a set of assumptions about organizing being more than a job, being superior to other forms of work in the labor movement, and being best experienced with an intensity resembling a military boot camp. The author then demonstrates how the cowboy mentality paradoxically strengthens the occupa tional commitment of some organizers, while alienating and ex cluding others. Interviews with organizers reveal that women and people of color are most likely to be alienated by the cowboy men tality, thus undermining new labor's efforts to diversify the move ment.
Methodology for Assessment of Linked Data Quality

With the expansion in the amount of data being produced as Linked Data (LD), the opportunity to build use cases has also increased. However, a crippling problem to the reliability of these use cases is the underlying poor data quality. Moreover, the ability to assess the quality of the consumed LD, based on the satisfaction of the consumers’ quality requirements, signicantly inuences usability of such data for a given use case. In this paper, we propose a data quality assessment methodology specically designed for LD. This methodology consists of three phases and six steps with specic emphasis on considering a use case.
The Plasticizer Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Modulates &ggr;-Aminobutyric Acid Type A and Glycine Receptor Function

INTRODUCTION:Intravenous (IV) fluid bags made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) often contain the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) to make the PVC flexible. Phthalate esters have been reported to inhibit neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which are sensitive to many inhaled anesthetics. This raises the possibility that DEHP might modulate the function of other cys-loop receptors, such as &ggr;-amino butyric acid type A (GABAA) and glycine receptors, and that DEHP-plasticized PVC might interfere with electrophysiologic studies of anesthetic mechanisms on those receptors. METHODS:&agr;1&bgr;2 GABAA and &agr;1 glycine receptors were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and studied using two-electrode voltage clamping. We then measured the effect of buffers from IV bags containing DEHP-plasticized PVC, and of buffers saturated with DEHP, on agonist-induced currents. RESULTS:Agonist-induced currents from glycine receptors were enhanced by buffers from IV bags containing DEHP-plasticized PVC by 291.9% ± 84.5% (mean ± se) and from saturated solutions of DEHP by 70.8% ± 16.7%. Agonist-induced currents from &agr;1&bgr;2 GABAA receptors were inhibited by buffers from IV bags containing DEHP-plasticized PVC by 19.3% ± 3.2% and by 31.7% ± 7.0% from buffers saturated with DEHP. CONCLUSIONS:The plasticizer DEHP modulates the function of both GABAA and glycine receptors. DEHP contamination can confound the results of electrophysiologic studies of anesthetic mechanisms on these receptors if DEHP-plasticized PVC is present in the experimental apparatus.