Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Commentary: Selective Development of Anticorrelated Networks in the Intrinsic Functional Organization of the Human Brain

As adults we solve problems by applying our executive know-how and directing our mental-attention to relevant information. When we are not problem solving, our mind is free to wonder to things like lunchtime; this is often referred to as the default-mode. It is established that for adults the relation among executive and default-mode brain areas is negative (Fox et al., 2005; Arsalidou et al., 2013). Parts of the prefrontal cortex are involved in both the executive and default-mode networks. Chai et al. (2014) examined the relation among executive and default-mode areas in children, adolescents and adults, using resting-state fMRI. This is likely the most thorough, methodologically sound paper to date that investigates this relation across typical development. Although it was unclear whether data adhered to assumptions for parametric tests such as homoscedasticity, as Pearson's correlations are sensitive to outlier data, the authors examine different aspects of their data by (a) controlling for movement and artifact, (b) performing group analyses and covarying outliers, and (c) repeating the analyses using global signal regression. Overall, results show that across groups (8–12, 13–17, and 18–24 year-olds), relations among executive and default-mode areas are heterogeneous. In many regions the relation among executive and default-mode areas are positive in children. For adolescents it becomes more anti-correlated (i.e., more adult-like), eventually converting to a negative relation in adults. The authors highlight that functional connectivity reversal cannot be accounted by performance differences per se, because functional images were recorded at rest. Results are fascinating and understandably interpreting such findings is challenging. The authors suggest that lower performance on working memory and cognitive control generally found in younger children may relate to the lack of anti-correlation. Yet they report that Intelligence Quotient (IQ) scores did not correlate with age, suggesting that participants were cognitively comparable. Why is this relation positive in children? We believe what is lacking in Chai et al. (2014) is a developmental theory-based interpretation. Here we highlight that the mechanisms that underlie this change from positive correlation in children to negative correlation in adults may
Cross media digital rights management for online stores

Digital music consumers have to choose between illegal file swapping services and online music stores. The latter impose various restrictions to the established music consumption behaviour, such as limitations on the number of devices and proprietary music formats. We describe a business model that is based on a liberal management of music rights, instead of the dominant restrictions of access. The proposed business model facilitates the free flow of music content between different client devices (PC, mobile phone, portable player) and between heterogeneous networks (Web, P2P, wireless, broadcast), but it controls the flow of rights for added value music bundles. The business model is presented over two stages of the customer activity cycle and along the revenue, process and technology elements.
Midlife as a pivotal period in the life course

We provide evidence for multidirectionality, variability, and plasticity in the nature and direction of change in physical health, cognitive functioning, and well-being during the middle years of the life course. The picture of well-being in midlife based on longitudinal data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study is a more positive one than portrayed in previous cross-sectional studies. We present middle age as a pivotal period in the life course in terms of balancing growth and decline, linking earlier and later periods of life, and bridging younger and older generations. We highlight the role of protective factors and multisystem resilience in mitigating declines. Those in middle age play a central role in the lives of those who are younger and older at home, in the workplace, and in society at large. Thus, a focus on promoting health and well-being in middle age can have a far-reaching impact.
Comparison the training methods of neural network for English and Thai character recognition

Currently, the optical character recognition (OCR) is applied in many fields such as reading the office letter and to read the serial on parts of industrial. The most manufacturing focus the processing time and accuracy for inspection process. The learning method of the optical character recognition is used a neural network to recognize the fonts and correlation the matching value. The neural network has many learning techniques which each technique impact to the processing time and accuracy. Therefore, this paper studies to comparisons a suitable procedure of training in neural network for recognizing both Thai and English characters. The experiment results show the comparing values of error and processing time of each training technique.
Security policy based framework for managing distributed infrastructures

From the emergence of Knowledge Management (KM) systems until today, the vast majority of the implemented systems have concentrated on a centralised architecture, which utilizes knowledge within a single organizational domain. Lately, there is much focus on alternative, distributed approaches, which attempt to overcome the single organization’s KM paradigm, and develop inter-organizational knowledge exchange infrastructures. Effective management from a security perspective is always a serious and difficult to achieve challenge, especially when it comes to managing resources from cooperating autonomous domains. Security issues in Information Systems coalition enabling environments are treated in this paper and a secure distributed KM architecture is being presented.
Towards Secure and Scalable Computation in Peer-to-Peer Networks

We consider the problems of Byzantine agreement and leader election, where a constant fraction b < 1/3 of processors are controlled by a malicious adversary. The first problem requires that all uncorrupted processors come to an agreement on a bit initially held by one of the uncorrupted processors; the second requires that the uncorrupted processors choose a leader who is uncorrupted. Motivated by the need for robust and scalable computation in peer-to-peer networks, we design the first scalable protocols for these problems for a network whose degree is polylogarithmic in its size. By scalable, we mean that each uncorrupted processor sends and processes a number of bits that is only polylogarithmic in n. (We assume no limit on the number of messages sent by corrupted processors.) With high probability, our Byzantine agreement protocol results in agreement among a 1 - O(1/ln n) fraction of the uncorrupted processors. With constant probability, our leader election protocol elects an uncorrupted leader and ensures that a 1 - O(1/ln n) fraction of the uncorrupt processors know this leader. We assume a full information model. Thus, the adversary is assumed to have unlimited computational power and has access to all communications, but does not have access to processors' private random bits
New-Onset Panic, Depression with Suicidal Thoughts, and Somatic Symptoms in a Patient with a History of Lyme Disease

Lyme Disease, or Lyme Borreliosis, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and spread by ticks, is mainly known to cause arthritis and neurological disorders but can also cause psychiatric symptoms such as depression and anxiety. We present a case of a 37-year-old man with no known psychiatric history who developed panic attacks, severe depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, and neuromuscular complaints including back spasms, joint pain, myalgias, and neuropathic pain. These symptoms began 2 years after being successfully treated for a positive Lyme test after receiving a tick bite. During inpatient psychiatric hospitalization his psychiatric and physical symptoms did not improve with antidepressant and anxiolytic treatments. The patient's panic attacks resolved after he was discharged and then, months later, treated with long-term antibiotics for suspected “chronic Lyme Disease” (CLD) despite having negative Lyme titers. He however continued to have subsyndromal depressive symptoms and chronic physical symptoms such as fatigue, myalgias, and neuropathy. We discuss the controversy surrounding the diagnosis of CLD and concerns and considerations in the treatment of suspected CLD patients with comorbid psychiatric diagnoses.
A mouse model of chronic idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Chronic idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fatal, and untreatable disease with unclear etiology. There are few models of this chronic pathology, and although delivery of bleomycin to induce acute lung injury is the most common animal model of pulmonary fibrosis, there is considerable uncertainty about whether this acute injury resolves in those animals that survive. In this report, we have systematically followed groups of mice for up to 6 months following a single insult of bleomycin. We assessed changes in lung function and pathology over this time course, with measurements of the diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, lung mechanics, quantitative stereology, and collagen. Our results show that, while there is some repair over this extended time course, the injury in the lung never fully resolves. This persistent degree of fibrosis may have similarities to many features of human IPF. Thus, these chronic fibrotic changes in mouse lungs could be a useful model to evaluate potential therapeutic interventions to accelerate repair and possible treat this debilitating disease.
Development of BIM Execution Plan for BIM Model Management during the Pre-Operation Phase: A Case Study

Building information modeling (BIM) technologies use precise geometry and relevant data to enhance and improve the maintenance performance of facilities integrated with 3D object-oriented computer aided design (CAD). Although most owners agree on the potential benefits of integrating BIM technologies with facility management (FM), they must overcome many problems to plan and develop effective BIM execution plans for FM implementation. This study proposes and develops a BIM execution plan for BIM model management for FM during the pre-operation phase. Through the application of the proposed BIM execution plan, BIM can be effectively implemented during the operation and maintenance phases. In order to verify the proposed methodology and demonstrate its effectiveness in practice, the BIM execution plan is then applied in a selected case study of a building project in Taiwan. The combined results demonstrate that the proposed BIM execution plan is an effective approach for operation and maintenance management. The advantage of the proposed BIM execution plan lies not only in improving the efficiency of maintenance management work when integrated with BIM technologies, but also in maximizing the value and benefits of BIM to support maintenance management. Finally, limitations, difficulties, and suggestions are summarized for further development of the BIM execution plan for BIM model management during the pre-operation phase.
New approaches for integrating revenue and supply chain management

First, we describe a general framework called online customer selection that describes natural settings where suppliers must actively select which customer requests to serve. Unlike traditional revenue management models that have sunk costs, we assume there are supply chain costs that depend on the demand being served. Specifically, customers arrive in an online manner, each with a set of requirements and associated revenue, and are either accepted or rejected upon arrival. Rejected customers incur a lost-sales cost, while accepted customers are satisfied with minimum possible production cost. The goal of the supplier is to minimize the total cost of lost sales and production. We provide algorithms with strong performance guarantees that are based on new variants of repeated optimization as well as concepts from mechanism design. Second, we study the use of opaque products in a retail setting. A product is said to be opaque when one or more of its attributes are hidden until the transaction is complete. Opaque products have been used in the hotel and airline industry where customers purchase rooms or airfare without a priori knowledge of the brand name. In this work, we propose the use of opaque product selling in the retail industry, where there are nonperishable goods and supply chain costs. We show that a small amount of opaque selling can achieve significant ordering and holding costs savings for the supply chain. Moreover, we describe settings when a stationary opaque selling strategy can outperform a common dynamic pricing strategy. Third, we focus on a variant of the joint replenishment problem, which arises in the previous two parts as well as in inventory management, logistics, and maintenance scheduling. In this problem, there are multiple item types that each has a given time-dependent sequence of demands that need to satisfied. Every time an order of item types is placed, there is an associated fixed setup cost that is submodular in the subset of item types ordered. The overall goal is to minimize the total fixed ordering costs plus inventory holding costs. We provide a variety of approximation algorithms for this problem and some special cases.
TRPC1-mediated Inhibition of 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium Ion Neurotoxicity in Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells*

Mammalian homologues of the Drosophila canonical transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins have been implicated to function as plasma membrane Ca2+ channels. This study examined the role of TRPC1 in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. SH-SY5Y cells treated with an exogenous neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) significantly decreased TRPC1 protein levels. Confocal microscopy on SH-SY5Y cells treatment with MPP+ showed decreased plasma membrane staining of TRPC1. Importantly, overexpression of TRPC1 reduced neurotoxicity induced by MPP+. MPP+-induced α-synuclein expression was also suppressed by TRPC1 overexpression. Protection of SH-SY5Y cells against MPP+ was significantly decreased upon the overexpression of antisense TRPC1 cDNA construct or the addition of a nonspecific transient receptor potential channel blocker lanthanum. Activation of TRPC1 by thapsigargin or carbachol decreased MPP+ neurotoxicity, which was partially dependent on external Ca2+. Staining of SH-SY5Y cells with an apoptotic marker (YO-PRO-1) showed that TRPC1 protects SH-SY5Y neuronal cells against apoptosis. Further, TRPC1 overexpression inhibited cytochrome c release and decreased Bax and Apaf-1 protein levels. Interpretation of the above data suggests that reduction in the cell surface expression of TRPC1 following MPP+ treatment may be involved in dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Furthermore, TRPC1 may inhibit degenerative apoptotic signaling to provide neuroprotection against Parkinson's disease-inducing agents.
Material, psychosocial and behavioural factors associated with self-reported health in the Republic of Ireland: cross-sectional results from the SLÁN survey

Objectives To explore the associations between various material, psychosocial and behavioural factors and self-reported health (SRH), and to determine whether these associations varied according to educational level. Design Representative national cross-sectional survey. Setting Republic of Ireland. Participants 4369 men and 5995 women aged 18 or more (Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition (SLÁN) 2007). Methods SRH was measured using one single item. Three groups of factors were studied: material, psychosocial and behavioural factors. Statistical analyses were performed using logistic regression analysis and interaction testing, the sample design being taken into account. All results were adjusted for age and educational level and stratified on gender. Results When each group of factors was studied separately, non-working status, no private health insurance, inability to afford enough food, no car, being non-married, low social participation, serious neighbourhood problems, low social support, smoking, no alcohol consumption, illicit drug use, low physical activity and obesity were associated with poor SRH. When studied together, some material and psychosocial factors were no longer significant. Four significant interaction terms were found, suggesting that some factors might have a stronger association with SRH among low-educated people. Conclusions Various types of factors were found to be associated with SRH, and most of these associations were similar according to educational level. Behavioural factors might be intermediate factors in the causal pathways from material and psychosocial factors to SRH. Prevention policies should integrate a large number of factors comprehensively to improve SRH.
Development and evaluation of collision warning/collision avoidance algorithms using an errable driver model

Collision warning/collision avoidance (CW/CA) systems must be designed to work seamlessly with a human driver, providing warning or control actions when the driver's response (or lack of) is deemed inappropriate. The effectiveness of CW/CA systems working with a human driver needs to be evaluated thoroughly because of legal/liability and other (e.g. traffic flow) concerns. CW/CA systems tuned only under open-loop manoeuvres were frequently found to work unsatisfactorily with human-in-the-loop. However, tuning CW/CA systems with human drivers co-existing is slow and non-repeatable. Driver models, if constructed and used properly, can capture human/control interactions and accelerate the CW/CA development process. Design and evaluation methods for CW/CA algorithms can be categorised into three approaches, scenario-based, performance-based and human-centred. The strength and weakness of these approaches were discussed in this paper and a humanised errable driver model was introduced to improve the developing process. The errable driver model used in this paper is a model that emulates human driver's functions and can generate both nominal (error-free) and devious (with error) behaviours. The car-following data used for developing and validating the model were obtained from a large-scale naturalistic driving database. Three error-inducing behaviours were introduced: human perceptual limitation, time delay and distraction. By including these error-inducing behaviours, rear-end collisions with a lead vehicle were found to occur at a probability similar to traffic accident statistics in the USA. This driver model is then used to evaluate the performance of several existing CW/CA algorithms. Finally, a new CW/CA algorithm was developed based on this errable driver model.
A virtual sEMG prosthetic hand development system based on LabVIEW and PCI-1710HG A/D card

This paper introduces a virtual sEMG prosthetic hand development system based on LabVIEW. The system is aimed at finding proper method to correctly and promptly discriminate hand motions via sEMG. Waveform Length has been proved effective as extracted feature in this paper due to its high performance and short computing time. A back-propagation Neural Networks(BP Networks) is chosen as classifier in order to train the system automatically. The result shows that the performance of the whole system is successful when discriminating the following four hand motions: flexion and extension of the wrist, open and grasp of hand.
Out of the bubble: serendipitous even recommendations at an urban music festival

Advances in positioning technologies have resulted in a surge of location-based recommendation systems for mobile devices. A central challenge in these systems is to avoid the so-called filter bubble effect, i.e., that people are not only exposed to information that is in line with their personal ecosystem, but that they can also discover novel and otherwise interesting content. We present results from a field study of a mobile recommendation system that has been aimed to support serendipitous discovery of events at an urban culture festival. Results from the study indicate that suitably designed recommendations together with access to relevant external information sources can lead to serendipitous discovery of new content, such as new artists, bands or individual songs. Our results also indicate that proximity has little effect on the effectiveness of serendipitous recommendations.
Power and Thrust Comparison of Bio-mimetic Pectoral Fins with Traditional Propeller-based Thrusters

A literature review, a datasheet review, and in-house experimental data were used to obtain a real-world comparison between bio-mimetic pectoral fins and traditional propeller-based thrusters. Only power consumption, forward thrust, and propulsive efficiency are compared. Scaling trends for both propulsion forms are discussed. Traditional thrusters are determined to be more efficient than currently available bio-mimetic pectoral fins for forward thrust. However, unlike traditional propeller-based thrusters, bio-mimetic thrusters can produce multiple degrees of freedom of thrust.
Impact of Supply Chains Agility on Customer Satisfaction

In a bid to cope with market instability, companies now look beyond cost advantage. Speed, quality and flexibility are being emphasized as means of responding to the unique needs of customers and markets. A supply chain adapts the changes if it is agile in nature. Agility is all about creating that responsiveness and mastering the uncertainty. The aim of this paper is to represent the effect of agility in supply chains on customer satisfaction. In this article interpretive structural modeling has been used to evolve relationships among variables. The study concludes with a discussion on these variables and the managerial implications. KeywordsAgility; Supply Chain; Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM).
THE DYNAMICS OF LIVESTOCK AND RANGELANDS UNDER COMMON PROPERTY REGIMES

Over 60 percent of the land area of sub-Saharan Africa is used primarily for the rearing of cattle, sheep, goats, and camels (FAO 1986). Most of the natural resources emanating from those rangelands are used collectively by a large number of individuals, households, and residential groups. Three economic models have been developed to depict resoure allocation in such situations: (1) the open-access model, (2) the corporate model of common property, and (3) the coordination or assurance model of common property. Gordon (1954) and Scott (1955) developed the open-access model to depict fisheries utilized by several anglers in the absence of institutional arrangements defining their resource-use patterns. Demsetz (1967), Hardin (1968) and others blurred the distinction between open access and common property until Ciriacy-Wantrup and Bishop's clear exposition of "common property as a social institution" in which property rights in resources are distributed among a number of owners who are "co-equal in their rights to use the resource (1975, p. 714). " More recent elaborations are found in Bromley (1989a, 1989b, 1991), Bromley and Cernea (1989), Larson and Bromley (1990), McCay and Acheson (1987) and a volume from the National Academy of Sciences (1986). Several definitions of common property and common property regimes have been offered since 1975. We suggest here a definition that reflects the diversity of institutional arrangements and governance structures to be observed in the African rangeland context. In common property regimes, resource use is governed by diverse constellations of institutions -- rights, rules, and conventions-- that are enforced externally by a legitimate source of coercion, or internally by the actions of the resource users themselves. Indeed, some of these institutional arrangements are self -enforcing. One fundamental difference between an open-access regime and a common-property regime is that a common property regime has a "boundary" that distinguishes between the