Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Concurrency Control with Transactional NACKs

Transactional memory (TM) is a promising technique that simplifies parallel programming by supporting atomic and isolated execution of code sections. To provide robust performance and fairness guarantees, however, TM must dynamically adjust the degree of concurrency among transactions. To design an efficient concurrency controller for TM, critical system information, such as dependencies among transactions and current utilization level of the system, should be provided in an accurate and inexpensive manner. However, efficiently obtaining such information is often the most challenging design problem. To address the issue, we have looked at hardware features that can be used to characterize transactional behavior. In particular, we identify NACKs, which are readily available in several TM designs to handle conflicts between transactions, as the mechanism to efficiently collect the transactional information of the system. In this paper, we propose three novel, efficient use cases of NACKs for TM systems to demonstrate the potentials of utilizing NACKs intelligently: 1) accurate deadlock detection, 2) dependency tree construction, and 3) carrier sensing. We also describe a prototype design that extends the baseline TM systems to support the proposed techniques. To evaluate the effectiveness of such approach, we use the proposed techniques to implement an enhanced concurrency controller that performs aggressive stalling, dependency chain cutting, and exponential backoff with overshoot avoidance. Our preliminary results demonstrate that the proposed techniques can significantly improve the performance of hardware and hybrid TM systems (up to 21.5%).
Systemic Competitiveness: New Governance Patterns for Industrial Development

Development and Change- "the book should be widely read by those interested in the process of industrial developing countries. " Asia-Pacific Business Review - " This book, which is a kind of manual, offers ideas for reflection and implementation by governments and firms.The general reader will find this study both informative and interesting, as will students in the business area
10 A Way Forward – Treatment

Introduction: a few rigorous studies have addressed treatment outcomes of mental health and psychosocial support for children and adolescents affected by political violence. These studies demonstrate a need for further improvements to address the full range of mental health and psychosocial outcomes in treatment for both boys and girls. This study aimed at examining moderators and mediators of a classroom-based intervention for children affected by political violence in Indonesia, including the role of coping, social support and family connectedness. Methods: the study was organized as a cluster randomized trial. Children (mean age 9.9, SD=1.2) attending schools in the most violence-affected areas of Central Sulawesi were randomly assigned to either a 15-session classroom-based intervention, combining cognitive-behavioral and creative-expressive techniques, or a waitlist control condition. Assessments took place before, one week after, and 6 months after treatment. We identified a set of mediators and moderators through univariate analyses, applying an ecological resilience framework, which we subsequently examined through structural equation modeling (multivariate analyses). Results: Analyses of changes in mean scores on coping, social support and family connectedness revealed few differences between the treatment and waitlist condition with small effect sizes. Univariate analyses revealed changes in hope, material and play support mediated treatment effects, whereas gender, household size, and baseline levels of coping, and play support moderated treatment effects. Subsequent multivariate testing of these mediators and moderators, however, resulted in a different model, in which function impairment mediated treatment effects. Although coping and social support influenced changes on the outcome variables, treatment did not have an effect on hypothesized mediating variables. Family connectedness was not related to treatment outcomes in this model. Discussion: the most likely best fitting (multivariate) model identified a central role for changes in function impairment, which facilitated change in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms and hope. Gender and size of household were found to moderate treatment effects on longer-term changes in function impairment. No mediating effects were identified for hypothesized variables, but baseline levels of coping and social support did predict changes on outcome variables separate from treatment. Function impairment was found to partly mediate changes in PTSD and hope. Implications for improvement of treatment and further theoretical development are discussed. A Way Forward – Treatment Mechanisms 181
On some properties of stochastic processes that arise from order book imbalance

The article describes a financial order flow generator and gives a special definition for the order book imbalance function. Using the given definition, we offer a simple trading algorithm and show that its quality can be expressed and assessed using a simple criterion based on an intuitive notion of the acceptable risk tolerance; the same criterion can be used to tune the algorithm. The algorithm can be viewed as a filter for the complex order flow process, and its output - a measure of the imbalance signal efficiency.
The International Corpus of Arabic: Compilation, Analysis and Evaluation

This paper focuses on a project for building the first International Corpus of Arabic (ICA). It is planned to contain 100 million analyzed tokens with an interface which allows users to interact with the corpus data in a number of ways [ICA website]. ICA is a representative corpus of Arabic that has been initiated in 2006, it is intended to cover the Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) language as being used all over the Arab world. ICA has been analyzed by Bibliotheca Alexandrina Morphological Analysis Enhancer (BAMAE). BAMAE is based on Buckwalter Arabic Morphological Analyzer (BAMA). Precision and Recall are the evaluation measures used to evaluate the BAMAE system. At this point, Precision measurement ranges from 95%-92% while recall measurement was 92%-89%. This depends on the number of qualifiers retrieved for every word. The percentages are expected to rise by implementing the improvements while working on larger amounts of data.
Fuzzy Control Strategy of Battery Management for PHEV during Regenerative Braking

Based on analyzing the structure of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) and its operation during regenerative braking, a fuzzy control strategy of battery management is proposed. Firstly, the state of charging is estimated by establishing the mathematical relationship between open circuit voltage and the internal resistance model. Secondly, the fuzzy logic controller is designed in regenerative braking system. Finally, by modeling and simulation in ADVISOR, it is shown that the rate of energy recovery with the fuzzy control strategy is increased by 12.3, 18.3 and 7.6%, respectively in three different driving cycles, compared with the benchmark control strategy in the same driving cycles.
Real money balances and the timing of consumption: an empirical investigation

This paper examines the correlation between changes in consumer spending on nondurables and services, and levels or changes in a variety of other variables that might be expected to enter directly as arguments of the household utility function or to serve as measures of household liquidity. Empirical results strongly suggest that an increase in real money balances raises the marginal utility of consumption. Once the influence of real balances is accounted for, there is little evidence that other variables have a direct impact on the timing of consumption.
Biomarker Identification by Feature Wrappers

Gene expression studies bridge the gap between DNA information and trait information by dissecting biochemical pathways into intermediate components between genotype and phenotype. These studies open new avenues for identifying complex disease genes and biomarkers for disease diagnosis and for assessing drug efficacy and toxicity. However, the majority of analytical methods applied to gene expression data are not efficient for biomarker identification and disease diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a general framework to incorporate feature (gene) selection into pattern recognition in the process to identify biomarkers. Using this framework, we develop three feature wrappers that search through the space of feature subsets using the classification error as measure of goodness for a particular feature subset being " wrapped around " : linear discriminant analysis, logistic regression, and support vector machines. To effectively carry out this computationally intensive search process, we employ sequential forward search and sequential forward floating search algorithms. To evaluate the performance of feature selection for biomarker identification we have applied the proposed methods to three data sets. The preliminary results demonstrate that very high classification accuracy can be attained by identified composite classifiers with several biomarkers. Over the past few years, the genomes of more than 39 organisms have been completely sequenced (Cummings and Rel-man 2000), with another 100 in progress (Lockhart and Win-zeler 2000). With the human genome draft sequence in hand, the complete sequence of the entire genome will not be far behind. Availability of genetic sequence information in both public and private databases has gradually shifted genome-based research away from pure sequencing towards functional genomics and genotype–phenotype studies. Among the most powerful and versatile tools for functional genomic studies are high-density DNA microarrays (Brown and Botstein 1999; Lipshulz et al. 1999). One of the most important applications of microarrays is to simultaneously monitor the expression of thousands or even tens of thousands of genes. A new discipline of gene expression profiling , which will play a fundamental role in biological research , pharmacology, and medicine, is emerging that allows the language of biology to be spoken in mathematical terms (Young 2000). The practical applications of gene expression analyses are numerous and only beginning to be realized. One particularly powerful application of gene expression analyses is biomarker identification, which can be used for disease risk assessment, early detection, prognosis, prediction response to therapy, and preventative measures (Allgayer et al. 1997; Brien et al. 1998). …
Gender and the Changing Face of Higher Education: A Feminized Future?

Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: The feminization thesis Chapter 3: The global context: gender, feminization and higher education Chapter 4: Gender, participation and higher education in the UK Chapter 5: Institutional identities and representations of the university Chapter 6 : Student identities, femininities and masculinities Chapter 7: Academic identities and gendered work Chapter 8: Academic practices: Assessment, speaking and writing Chapter 9: Academic practices: Curriculum, knowledge and skills Chapter 10. Conclusions - re-visioning the academy
Transitional Justice

How do societies come to terms with the aftermath of genocide and mass violence, and how might the international community contribute to this process? Recently, transitional justice mechanisms such as tribunals and truth commissions have emerged as a favoured means of redress. Transitional Justice, the first edited collection in anthropology focused directly on this issue, argues that, however well-intentioned, transitional justice needs to more deeply grapple with the complexities of global and transnational involvements and the local on-the-ground realities with which they intersect. Contributors consider what justice means and how it is negotiated in different localities where transitional justice efforts are underway after genocide and mass atrocity. They address a variety of mechanisms, among them, a memorial site in Bali, truth commissions in Argentina and Chile, First Nations treaty negotiations in Canada, violent youth groups in northern Nigeria, the murder of young women in post-conflict Guatemala, and the gacaca courts in Rwanda.
Daichi's Painting: Brushing Up Painting Skills with BrushDevice

We realize a painting system that imitates painting on real objects in the real world. Many studies have proposed methods of painting simulation on 2D canvas, and the quality of such methods is improving. However, painting on 3D objects is not easy using conventional input devices such as a mouse or graphics tablet with 2D display. We solved this problem by providing a ToolDevice in a mixed reality (MR) space. Our device, called BrushDevice, imitates paint brushes; users can change the brush type and stroke weight to express their creativity.
In-Depth Analysis and Evaluation of Diffusive Glioma Models

Glioma is one of the most aggressive types of brain tumor. Several mathematical models have been developed during the past two decades, toward simulating the mechanisms that govern the development of glioma. The most common models use the diffusion-reaction equation (DRE) for simulating the spatiotemporal variation of tumor cell concentration. Nevertheless, despite the applications presented, there has been little work on studying the details of the mathematical solution and implementation of the 3-D diffusion model and presenting a qualitative analysis of the algorithmic results. This paper presents a complete mathematical framework on the solution of the DRE using different numerical schemes. This framework takes into account all characteristics of the latest models, such as brain tissue heterogeneity, anisotropic tumor cell migration, chemotherapy, and resection modeling. The different numerical schemes presented have been evaluated based upon the degree to which the DRE exact solution is approximated. Experiments have been conducted both on real datasets and a test case for which there is a known algebraic expression of the solution. Thus, it is possible to calculate the accuracy of the different models.
Conducting Qualitative Metasynthesis Research: Insights from a Metasynthesis Project

The need to synthesize qualitative research in order to inform fields of study has been highlighted as a critical imperative in recent years. Since that time, there have been a number of attempts to identify methodological approaches to achieving such a goal. Despite some notable efforts in this regard, the metasynthesis research approach continues to be somewhat elusive with regard to its steps and procedures. The authors of this article describe their experience conducting a metasynthesis of qualitative research regarding transformation in chronic illness and disability. The particular emphasis of the article will be the practical strategies and procedures that assisted them in conducting the project in a rigorous and meaningful way. The authors emphasize the need for continued dialogue about strategies and procedures in metasynthesis that will aid researchers who are contemplating this complex research approach.
Wave-generated Transport Induced by Ideal Waves

We consider boundary layer ows driven by either monochromatic progressive waves or standing waves. The forcing waves may be noisy from either phase or amplitude uctuations in these waves. The central issue addressed here is whether such ows are capable of developing spatial transport velocity patterns which persist over time. The existence of such patterns has two important consequences. First, a time steady,spatially varying stress eld will exist at the bottom which provides a mechanism to initiate particle transport. Second, the transport action of such velocity patterns will induce the development of spatial patterns in the distribution of massless suspended particles. To qualitatively investigate the eecacy of pattern formation by these ows we utilise two diierent approaches. The rst approach looks at the spectral content of the ow,and draws inferences for the pattern generating potential. The second approach traces the paths of ideal particles in the ow in order to infer the pattern generating potential of the ows. For progressive waves,with or without noise,we nd that the velocity eld has time steady spatial patterns superimposed on a mean ow. In the case of standing waves with noise, we see a mean ow develop superimposed with persistent spatial patterns.
Rural Poverty, Income Shocks, And Land Management: An Analysis Of The Linkages In El Salvador

Data collected in surveys of more than 700 Salvadoran households carried out in 1996 and 1998 are used in an econometric analysis of linkages between land and labor use. Particular emphasis is offered on how poor households allocated labor resources in response to the El Nino weather phenomenon of 1997. Implications for resource conservation are offered.
Competition in the development of nerve connections: a review of models

The establishment and refinement of neural circuits involve both the formation of new connections and the elimination of already existing connections. Elimination of connections occurs, for example, in the development of mononeural innervation of muscle fibres and in the formation of ocular dominance columns in the visual cortex. The process that leads to the elimination of connections is often referred to as axonal or synaptic competition. Although the notion of competition is commonly used, the process is not well understood - with respect to, for example, the type of competition, what axons and synapses are competing for, and the role of electrical activity. This article reviews the types of competition that have been distinguished and the models of competition that have been proposed. Models of both the neuromuscular system and the visual system are described. For each of these models, the assumptions on which it is based, its mathematical structure, and the extent to which it is supported by the experimental data are evaluated. Special attention is given to the different modelling approaches and the role of electrical activity in competition.
Teaching Semantic Aspects of OO Programming

One important aspect when teaching OO technology is the semantics of programming. Much time is traditionally spent on syntax and language mechanisms whereas the semantics is given less time. To remedy this problem, we try to introduce a semantic thinking throughout the entire computer science education. We have developed a contract-based programming method to enforce the semantic aspects and have performed course experiments to see what advantages such a method can have on the students’ abilities. This paper presents the method and an experiment performed in a course on project work and Java to compare the method to a standard programming method. The contract-based method was positively received from the students who reported that working with the method felt natural. The results of the experiment show that the work satisfaction is slightly higher when using this contract-based method. They also show that there is a gain in the time spent on the assignment when the contract-based method is used. The long-term educational effects of the method are currently under investigation.
Finding Balanced Synergies - Putting Resilient Sustainability into Business and Technical Strategy

Whilst some pioneer businesses have integrated sustainability into their fundamental strategic decisions this can be a difficult task. Our recent review indicates a blend of both sustainability and resilience is needed, to ensure the reliable synergy of reduced impacts and improved performance which make up sustainable business. This is supported by recent evidence that organisations which do implement such Resilient Sustainability flourish compared to their peers, by benefiting from better risk awareness and avoidance, reduced costs, maintained access to investment, flexible solutions and improved ability to exploit opportunities. However not much detailed help is available for less well-resourced firms on how to implement such an integration and access those benefits. The paper reports on the development and testing of a new generic flexible approach to decision-support which aims to integrate sustainability and resilience into strategic processes. It is based on techniques from complex systems engineering and influenced by best business practice such as Porter and Kramer’s Creating Shared Value. This allows decision-makers and their teams to approach commercial and technology strategy formation in a new structured way, to identify gaps in their knowledge and create more resilient options which better balance people, planet and profit. The research uses case studies to test the approach, within Ford Motor Company and other organisational strategy contexts. The paper summarises the findings to date, including user feedback and evidence for how the approach can deliver increased capability for managing risks and uncertainties and thus improve an organisation’s strategic performance.
Demand-Oblivious Routing: Distributed vs. Centralized Approaches

Until recent years, it was more or less undisputed common-sense that an accurate view on traffic demands is indispensable for optimizing the flow of traffic through a network. Lately, this premise has been questioned sharply: it was shown that setting just a single routing, the so called demand-oblivious routing, is sufficient to accommodate any admissible traffic matrix in the network with moderate link overload, so no prior information on demands is absolutely necessary for efficient traffic engineering. Demand-oblivious routing lends itself to distributed implementations, so it scales well. In this paper, we generalize demand-oblivious routing in a new way: we show that, in contrast to the distributed case, centralized demand-oblivious routing can eliminate link overload completely. What is more, our centralized scheme allows for optimizing the routes with respect to arbitrary linear or quadratic objective function. We realize, however, that a centralized scheme can become prohibitively complex, therefore, we propose a hybrid distributed-centralized algorithm, which, according to our simulations, strikes a good balance between efficiency, scalability and complexity.
Organization Modelling to Support Access Control for Collaborative Systems

One of the most important characteristics of current enterprise systems is the existence of collaborative processes where different users/subsystems communicate and cooperate in order to carry out common activities. In these processes, shared resources are often used and there are complex relationships between activities and users, so the definition and administration of different security levels (tasks, users, resources) is necessary. In this article, we shall focus on an important dimension related to the security aspect of collaborative systems: access control. We shall use an organization model that considers the necessary elements to represent the authorization and access control aspects in collaborative systems. This model is used in a serviceoriented architecture (SOA) in order to facilitate the implementation of a service responsible for these important functions. Finally, we shall propose the use of a pattern definition language at a conceptual level to facilitate the modelling of the organizational structures of a system. We shall define organization patterns that will help us define general models which can be applied in different situations.