Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of sodium taurocholate to the absorption of cefquinome.

The objective of the research was to detect the enhancement effect of sodium taurocholate on the absorption of cefquinome both in Caco-2 cells and rats. The absorption efficiency of cefquinome was determined by high performance liquid chromatography and calculated with apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) after Caco-2 cell monolayers treated odium taurocholate(2 mmol/L) and cefquinome. The results showed that the absorption of cefquinome in Caco-2 cell monolayers was significantly increased with the sodium taurocholate (2mmol/L). Similar results were also detected in the rats orally administrated with 1 mL PBS of cefquinome (20mg/mL) containing different concentration of sodium taurocholate (5 mmol/L, 10mmol/L and 20mmol/L) respectively. Compared with control group, sodium taurocholate at 10 and 20 mmol/L increased the absorption of cefquinome in rats from 0.26±0. 04μg/mL to 0.57±0. 03μg/mL, 0.78 ±0. 07μg/mL respectively. These results indicated that sodium taurocholate could increase the intestinal permeability in a concentration-dependent mode, which will be useful for clinical treatment.
A Framework for Utility-Driven Network Trace Anonymization

The publication of network traces is critical for network research but their release is highly constrained by privacy and security concerns. The importance of a framework for anonymizing traces to provide different levels of security and utility to promote trace publication has been identified in the literature. However, the current state-of-art anonymization techniques have failed to provide the guarantees on privacy and security. In this paper, we propose a framework in which a trace owner can match an anonymizing transformation with the requirements of analysts. The trace owner can release multiple transformed traces, each customized to an analysts needs, or a single transformation satisfying all requirements. The framework enables formal reasoning about anonymization policies, for example to verify that a given trace has utility for the analyst, or to obtain the most secure anonymization for the desired level of utility. We validate our techniques by applying them to a real enterprise network trace and measuring the success of attacks by an informed adversary. The proposed framework is extensible and it allows for the addition of anonymization techniques as they evolve.
Genotype-phenotype correlation in neuronal migration disorders and cortical dysplasias

Neuronal migration disorders are human (or animal) diseases that result from a disruption in the normal movement of neurons from their original birth site to their final destination during early development. As a consequence, the neurons remain somewhere along their migratory route, their location depending on the pathological mechanism and its severity. The neurons form characteristic abnormalities, which are morphologically classified into several types, such as lissencephaly, heterotopia, and cobblestone dysplasia. Polymicrogyria is classified as a group of malformations that appear secondary to post-migration development; however, recent findings of the underlying molecular mechanisms reveal overlapping processes in the neuronal migration and post-migration development stages. Mutations of many genes are involved in neuronal migration disorders, such as LIS1 and DCX in classical lissencephaly spectrum, TUBA1A in microlissencephaly with agenesis of the corpus callosum, and RELN and VLDLR in lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia. ARX is of particular interest from basic and clinical perspectives because it is critically involved in tangential migration of GABAergic interneurons in the forebrain and its mutations cause a variety of phenotypes ranging from hydranencephaly or lissencephaly to early-onset epileptic encephalopathies, including Ohtahara syndrome and infantile spasms or intellectual disability with no brain malformations. The recent advances in gene and genome analysis technologies will enable the genetic basis of neuronal migration disorders to be unraveled, which, in turn, will facilitate genotype-phenotype correlations to be determined.
Bias field correction using grey-weighted distance transform applied on MR volumes

We present a method that produces data-dependent high-pass filters that can be used in, e.g., image restoration. MR volumes often suffer from bias field artifacts produced due to unsteady magnetic field and spatial variations in reception of the RF magnetic eld emitted by the subject. To cope with these artifacts, we propose a method based on the grey-weighted distance transform (GWDT). It first computes the spectrum of the MR volume using Fast Fourier Transform, and then computes the GWDT of the magnitude spectrum. The power spectrum computed using GWDT helps in designing a high-pass filter which is later used to correct the bias artifacts. Experimental results on close to 100 datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
IL-4–Stat6 Signaling Induces Tristetraprolin Expression and Inhibits TNF-α Production in Mast Cells

Increasing evidence has revealed that mast cell–derived tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) plays a critical role in a number of inflammatory responses by recruiting inflammatory leukocytes. In this paper, we investigated the regulatory role of interleukin 4 (IL-4) in TNF-α production in mast cells. IL-4 inhibited immunoglobulin E–induced TNF-α production and neutrophil recruitment in the peritoneal cavity in wild-type mice but not in signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 (Stat6)–deficient mice. IL-4 also inhibited TNF-α production in cultured mast cells by a Stat6-dependent mechanism. IL-4–Stat6 signaling induced TNF-α mRNA destabilization in an AU-rich element (ARE)–dependent manner, but did not affect TNF-α promoter activity. Furthermore, IL-4 induced the expression of tristetraprolin (TTP), an RNA-binding protein that promotes decay of ARE-containing mRNA, in mast cells by a Stat6-dependent mechanism, and the depletion of TTP expression by RNA interference prevented IL-4–induced down-regulation of TNF-α production in mast cells. These results suggest that IL-4–Stat6 signaling induces TTP expression and, thus, destabilizes TNF-α mRNA in an ARE-dependent manner.
Drivers and uncertainties of future global marine primary production in marine ecosystem models

Abstract. Past model studies have projected a global decrease in marine net primary production (NPP) over the 21st century, but these studies focused on the multi-model mean rather than on the large inter-model differences. Here, we analyze model-simulated changes in NPP for the 21st century under IPCC's high-emission scenario RCP8.5. We use a suite of nine coupled carbon–climate Earth system models with embedded marine ecosystem models and focus on the spread between the different models and the underlying reasons. Globally, NPP decreases in five out of the nine models over the course of the 21st century, while three show no significant trend and one even simulates an increase. The largest model spread occurs in the low latitudes (between 30° S and 30° N), with individual models simulating relative changes between −25 and +40 %. Of the seven models diagnosing a net decrease in NPP in the low latitudes, only three simulate this to be a consequence of the classical interpretation, i.e., a stronger nutrient limitation due to increased stratification leading to reduced phytoplankton growth. In the other four, warming-induced increases in phytoplankton growth outbalance the stronger nutrient limitation. However, temperature-driven increases in grazing and other loss processes cause a net decrease in phytoplankton biomass and reduce NPP despite higher growth rates. One model projects a strong increase in NPP in the low latitudes, caused by an intensification of the microbial loop, while NPP in the remaining model changes by less than 0.5 %. While models consistently project increases NPP in the Southern Ocean, the regional inter-model range is also very substantial. In most models, this increase in NPP is driven by temperature, but it is also modulated by changes in light, macronutrients and iron as well as grazing. Overall, current projections of future changes in global marine NPP are subject to large uncertainties and necessitate a dedicated and sustained effort to improve the models and the concepts and data that guide their development.
Search for evidence-based approaches for the prevention and palliation of hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) caused by the multikinase inhibitors (MKIs).

BACKGROUND The anticancer multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) are associated with cutaneous adverse events, including hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR), a condition affecting 20%-40% of patients. Symptoms are usually mild, but can evolve into a painful condition that limits function and impacts quality of life (QoL), resulting in shortened cancer treatment duration or intensity. The goal of this study was to systematically review the literature on the prevention and palliation of MKI-associated HFSR, to identify areas for further clinical study, and to provide a foundation for evidence-based guidelines for HFSR management. METHODS Systematic searches of the National Library of Medicine's PubMed database, Cochrane Reviews, BIOSIS, CancerLit, and the American Society of Clinical Oncology website were conducted using search terms for cutaneous toxicities associated with chemotherapeutic agents. Articles were categorized (C) based on type of agent and cutaneous reaction as: C1 (MKI and HFSR); C2 (MKI and other cutaneous toxicity); C3 (other antineoplastic agents and HFSR); and C4, other. RESULTS Of the 2,069 abstracts screened, 350 (17%) met the criteria for C1-C4, with 56 (16%) coded as C1 with details of HFSR histology, pathogenesis, clinical outcome, QoL impact, and/or prevention and treatment approaches in MKI-treated patients. No randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) on prevention/palliation of HFSR were identified. Anecdotal evidence or expert opinion advocated protective measures, preventive and therapeutic skin care, systemic analgesics for pain, vitamin B(6), and MKI dose modification. CONCLUSION No articles containing evidence from RCTs on preventive/palliative approaches to MKI-associated HFSR have been published. Systematic study of optimal treatment strategies for HFSR is needed to advance development of evidence-based treatment guidelines.
Leukocytic responses of broilers following dietary contamination with deoxynivalenol and/or treatment by dietary selenium supplementation

1. This experiment was to investigate the effects of natural dietary contamination with a mycotoxin product (deoxynivalenol: DON) and/or with dietary selenised yeast (Se-yeast), on respiratory burst and phagocytic activity of granulocytes and the frequency of B- and T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood of broilers. 2. Sixty one-day-old chicks of both sexes were divided into 4 groups, each of 15 birds, fed on a control diet that contained 0·2 mg DON/kg and 0·4 mg Se/kg (CON group), a diet supplemented with 1 mg Se-yeast/kg (Se-yeast group), a diet contaminated with 3 mg DON/kg (DON group) or a diet contaminated with DON and supplemented with Se-yeast (DON plus Se-yeast group). 3. Blood samples collected from the birds at the age of 4 weeks showed that neither B- and T-cell numbers nor granulocytic respiratory burst were influenced by 3 mg DON/kg. Blood granulocyte phagocytic activity was not reduced by DON but numbers of heterophils were increased. In the DON plus Se yeast group phagocytic activity was the same as in the CON group. The Se-yeast and DON plus Se-yeast groups had increased numbers of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T-cells as well as IgM+ B-cells in their blood compared to both CON and DON-groups. 4. The results show there is no significant effect of dietary DON up to 3 mg/kg on leukocytes apart from the compromised blood granulocytes phagocytic activity and increased numbers of heterophils. The increased numbers of B- and T-lymphocytes in blood of birds fed on diets with supplementation of organic Se indicates some positive effects of this essential microelement on poultry lymphoid cells.
The Einstellung effect in anagram problem solving: evidence from eye movements

The Einstellung effect is the counterintuitive finding that prior experience or domain-specific knowledge can under some circumstances interfere with problem solving performance. This effect has been demonstrated in several domains of expertise including medicine and chess. In the present study we explored this effect in the context of a simplified anagram problem solving task. Participants solved anagram problems while their eye movements were monitored. Each problem consisted of six letters: a central three-letter string whose letters were part of the solution word, and three additional individual letters. Participants were informed that one of the individual letters was a distractor letter and were asked to find a five-letter solution word. In order to examine the impact of stimulus familiarity on problem solving performance and eye movements, the central letter string was presented either as a familiar three-letter word, or the letters were rearranged to form a three-letter nonword. Replicating the classic Einstellung effect, overall performance was better for nonword than word trials. However, participants’ eye movements revealed a more complex pattern of both interference and facilitation as a function of the familiarity of the central letter string. Specifically, word trials resulted in shorter viewing times on the central letter string and longer viewing times on the individual letters than nonword trials. These findings suggest that while participants were better able to encode and maintain the meaningful word stimuli in working memory, they found it more challenging to integrate the individual letters into the central letter string when it was presented as a word.
A novel technology in treatment with antipsychotic drugs; paliperidone -

The development of paliperidone extended release (ER) may represent a new strategy to improve the-pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. The drug maintains the atypical antipsychotic profile of its parent compound risperidone, but it is associated with an innovative delivery system (OROS technology) that offers the possibility to obtain smooth drug plasma levels using an oral antipsychotic. Research point that all doses of paliperidone ER were effective in significantly improving the symptoms of schizophrenia and personal and social functioning and were generally well tolerated. As such, paliperidone ER may provide a valuable new treatment option for patients with schizophrenia.
Sequence of developmental abnormalities leading to granule cell deficit in cerebellar cortex of weaver mutant mice

Golgi, electronmicroscopic and autoradiographic analyses of the developing cerebellar cortex were carried out in homozygous wild‐type (+/+), heterozygous (+/wv), and homozygous weaver (wv/wv) littermates. At 3 to 15 days after birth, when granule cells normally migrate from the external granular layer inward to their adult position, the somas of postmitotic granule cells in +/+ animals move along straight elongated Bergmann glial fibers which span the molecular layer. As early as postnatal day 3 and increasingly for about the next ten days, some Bergmann fibers in the +/wv cerebellum are enlarged, irregular in caliber, electronlucent and may contain dense bodies and vacuoles. Some granule cells contiguous with the altered Bergmann fibers have round rather than elongated somas, while some have lost contact with Bergmann fibers and appear to degenerate several days after their genesis. Most other granule cells migrate slowly but do eventually reach the granular layer, so that the pathology is less striking in adult than in developing heterozygotes. In wv/wv cerebella, radially‐aligned Bergmann fibers appear reduced in number during the developmental period, and few of them display normal cytological features. Few normally migrating granule cells were observed. Most granule cells fail to form axons and die in the external granular layer close to their site of genesis. While the primary genetic defect is unknown, the Bergmann glial disorder appears to precede the migration failure of granule cells and this in turn, along with impaired axon genesis, appears to be a factor leading to granule cell death.
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy of Novel Silver–Containing DNA Molecules

The quest for a suitable molecule to pave the way to molecular nanoelectronics has been met with obstacles for over a decade. Candidate molecules such as carbon nanotubes lack the appealing trait of self‐assembly, while DNA seems to lack the desirable feature of conductivity. Silver‐containing poly(dG)–poly(dC) DNA (E‐DNA) molecules have recently been reported as promising candidates for molecular electronics, owing to the selectivity of their metallization, their thin and uniform structure, their resistance to deformation, and their maximum possible high conductivity. Ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of E‐DNA presents an elaborate high‐resolution morphology characterization of these unique molecules, along with a detailed depiction of their electronic level structure. The energy levels found for E‐DNA indicate a novel truly hybrid metal–molecule structure, potentially more conductive than other DNA‐based alternatives.
Making Lock-free Data Structures Verifiable with Artificial Transactions

Among all classes of parallel programming abstractions, lock-free data structures are considered one of the most scalable and efficient thanks to their fine-grained style of synchronization. However, they are also challenging for developers and tools to verify because of the huge number of possible interleavings that result from finegrained synchronizations. This paper addresses this fundamental problem between performance and verifiability of lock-free data structure implementations. We present TXIT, a system that greatly reduces the set of possible interleavings by inserting transactions into the implementation of a lock-free data structure. We leverage hardware transactional memory support from Intel Haswell processors to enforce these artificial transactions. Evaluation on six popular lock-free data structure libraries shows that TXIT makes it easy to verify lock-free data structures while incurring acceptable runtime overhead. Further analysis shows that two inefficiencies in Haswell are the largest contributors to this overhead.
Dictionary Learning With Optimized Projection Design for Compressive Sensing Applications

In this letter, we propose a new method for the joint design of both the projections and the sparsifying dictionary in order to improve signal reconstruction performance in compressive sensing (CS) applications. By capitalizing on the optimized projection matrix design in , which admits a closed-form expression as a function of any overcomplete dictionary, the proposed method does not need to involve directly the projection matrix. The projection matrix of our joint design can be directly derived based on the learned dictionary. Simulation results show that our joint design framework, which is constituted based on a set of training image patches, leads to an improved reconstruction performance in comparison to other recent approaches.
Twin Kernel Embedding with Back Constraints

Twin kernel embedding (TKE) is a novel approach for visualization of non-vectorial objects. It preserves the similarity structure in high-dimensional or structured input data and reproduces it in a low dimensional latent space by matching the similarity relations represented by two kernel gram matrices, one kernel for the input data and the other for embedded data. However, there is no explicit mapping from the input data to their corresponding low dimensional embeddings. We obtain this mapping by including the back constraints on the data in TKE in this paper. This procedure still emphasizes the locality preserving. Further, the smooth mapping also solves the problem of so-called out-of-sample problem which is absent in the original TKE. Experimental evaluation on different real world data sets verifies the usefulness of this method.
Acoustic Peaks and Dips in the Cosmic Microwave Background Power Spectrum: Observational Data and Cosmological Constraints

The locations and amplitudes of three acoustic peaks and two dips in the BOOMERANG, MAXIMA, and DASI measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy power spectra as well as their statistical confidence levels are determined in a model-independent way. It is shown that the BOOMERANG 2001 data from Netterfield and coworkers fix the location and amplitude of the first acoustic peak at more than 3 σ confidence. The next two peaks and dips are determined at a confidence level above 1 σ but below 2 σ. The locations and amplitudes of the first three peaks and two dips are l = 212 ± 17, A = 5426 ± 1218 μK2; l = 413 ± 50, A = 1960 ± 503 μK2; l = 544 ± 56, A = 2266 ± 607 μK2; l = 746 ± 89, A = 1605 ± 650 μK2; and l = 843 ± 35, A = 2077 ± 876 μK2, respectively (1 σ errors include statistical and systematic errors). The MAXIMA and DASI experiments give similar values for the extrema that they determine. For MAXIMA these are the first and third peaks, for DASI the first and second peaks and the first dip. Moreover, the locations and amplitudes of the extrema determined from the combined data of all experiments are quite close to the corresponding values extracted from the BOOMERANG data alone. In order to use these data in a fast search for cosmological parameters, an accurate analytic approximation to calculate CMB peak and dip positions and amplitudes in mixed dark matter models with cosmological constant and curvature is derived and tested. The determined cosmological parameters from the CMB acoustic extrema data show good agreement with other determinations, especially with the baryon content as deduced from standard nucleosynthesis constraints, as shown by Burles and coworkers. These data supplemented by constraints from direct measurements of some cosmological parameters and data on large-scale structure lead to a best-fit model that agrees with practically all the used experimental data within 1 σ. The best-fit parameters are ΩΛ = 0.64, Ωm = 0.36, Ωb = 0.047, ns = 1.0, h = 0.65, and τc = 0.15. The best-fit values of Ων and T/S are close to zero, and their 1 σ upper limits are 0.17 and 1.7, respectively.
Association Rules Extraction with MINE RULE Operator

In this document, the algorithms adopted for the implementation of the MINE RULE core operator will be described. The MINE RULE language is an SQL extension that facilitates the extraction of Association Rules (AR) by allowing the user to specify constraints and format of the extracted rules. In the literature, the problem of extraction of Association Rules in large databases has been reduced to that of searching for a collection of sets of elements, called itemset, that have enough support on the whole database. In the following we will analyze two algorithms: newFP-growth and newPartition. The implementation of the two algorithms will allow new enhancements for increased performances, in future releases.