Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving the knowledge on Romanian Rhopalocera, including the rediscovery of Polyommatus amandus (Schneider, 1792) (Lycaenidae) and an application of DNA-based identifi cation

From May 19th to June 8th of 2007, the authors undertook lepidopterological research in 29 localities in Romania, several of which are poorly or totally unstudied from a lepidopterological point of view. 105 taxa were identifi ed, out of which seven receive special attention in the text, with comments on their distribution, ecology and conservation status. Polyommatus amandus (Schneider, 1792) (Lycaenidae) is recorded for the fi rst time in Romania after 28 years. We provide the fi rst record from Muntenia for Cupido (Everes) decolorata (Staudinger, 1886) (Lycaenidae), and the third known Romanian location for Pseudophilotes bavius egea (Herrich-Schaffer, 1852) (Lycaenidae). Lepidoptera DNA-based identifi cation was used for species identifi cation based on larval stages. This technique confi rmed the discovery of Zerynthia polyxena ((Denis & Schiffermuller), 1775) (Papilionidae) in south- ern Dobrogea and its rediscovery in the entire province after 80 years.
Optimal patch-leaving behavior: A case study using the parasitoid Cotesia rubecula

1. Parasitoids are predicted to spend longer in patches with more hosts, but previous work on Cotesia rubecula (Marshall) has not upheld this prediction. Tests of theoretical predictions may be affected by the definition of patch leaving behavior, which is often ambiguous. 2. In this study whole plants were considered as patches and assumed that wasps move within patches by means of walking or flying. Within-patch and between-patch flights were distinguished based on flight distance. The quality of this classification was tested statistically by examination of log-survivor curves of flight times. 3. Wasps remained longer in patches with higher host densities, which is consistent with predictions of the marginal value theorem (Charnov 1976). Under the assumption that each flight indicates a patch departure, there is no relationship between host density and leaving tendency. 4. Oviposition influences the patch leaving behavior of wasps in a count down fashion (Driessen et al. 1995), as predicted by an optimal foraging model (Tenhumberg, Keller & Possingham 2001). 5. Wasps spend significantly longer in the first patch encountered following release, resulting in an increased rate of superparasitism.
Evolutionary Psychology Do Impressions of Health, Dominance, and Warmth Explain Why Masculine Faces Are Preferred More in a Short-term Mate?

Men high in facial masculinity are preferred more as a short-term partner (STP) than a long-term partner (LTP). We used a representative sample of natural faces to examine whether the greater preference for masculine-looking men as a STP could be explained by the fact that they look healthier, more dominant, or lower in warmth. None of these attributes explained the greater preference for facial masculinity in a STP. Rather, masculinity mediated the greater preference for healthy and dominant looking men as a STP. Women also preferred men who appeared high in warmth more as a LTP than a STP, an effect independent of facial masculinity, but mediated by facial expression. Our results suggest that women do not prefer masculine-looking men more as a STP than a LTP simply because they look healthier, more dominant, or less warm.
Distance Matters, Except When It Doesn't: Discontinuities in Virtual Work

Virtual work has become an increasingly common phenomenon in today's organizations. Substantial and continuing changes in organizational processes and IT infrastructure have increased the pace and intensity of working across traditionally impermeable boundaries, enabling diverse forms of collaboration. However, our understanding of the consequences and implications of virtual work still lags and research results have been contradictory. We suggest that some of these inconsistencies have been because the boundaries that characterize virtual work-time, space, culture, organization, and so forth-are objective demarcations that are not uniformly problematic. It is only when those working in virtual settings perceive a boundary to be a discontinuity that it hinders work processes. We develop a model of virtual work that differentiates between boundaries and discontinuities, which helps account for contradictory findings. By examining the process of virtual work in more detail, we can uncover issues that are the underlying cause of problems, rather than deal with the more obvious symptoms that can mask underlying problem. Our model has implications both for research and for those working in virtual environments.
Prediction of Chromosomal Aneuploidy from Gene Expression Data

Chromosomal aneuploidy is commonly observed in neoplastic diseases and is an important prognostic marker. Here we examine how gene expression profiles reflect aneuploidy and whether these profiles can be used to detect changes in chromosome copy number. We developed two methods for detecting such changes in the gene expression profile of a single sample. The first method, fold-change analysis, relies on the availability of gene expression data from a large cohort of patients with the same disease. The expression profile of the sample is compared with that of the dataset. The second method, chromosomal relative expression analysis, is more general and requires the expression data from the tested sample only. We found that the relative expression values are stable among different chromosomes and exhibit little variation between different normal tissues. We exploited this novel finding to establish the set of reference values needed to detect changes in the copy number of chromosomes in a single sample on the basis of gene expression levels. We measured the accuracy of the performance of each method by applying them to two independent leukemia datasets. The second method was also applied to two solid tumor datasets. We conclude that chromosomal aneuploidy can be detected and predicted by analysis of gene expression profiles.
Functional imaging in non-small cell lung carcinoma: Correlation between standardized uptake values and apparent diffusion coefficient values

Objective: To investigate the relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and standard uptake value (SUV) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: PET/CT and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW MRI) were performed in 73 consecutive patients with histologically verified NSCLC. Analysing the PET/CT data calculation of the maximum and mean SUV was performed. The mean and minimum ADC values were measured directly on the parametric ADC maps. Results: Significant inverse correlations were found between ADCmean and SUVmean (r = - 0.53; p < 0.001) as well as ADCmin and SUVmax (r = - 0.71; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The significant negative correlations between ADC and SUV suggest an association between tumor cellularity and metabolic activity in NSCLC.
Near-field JETLAG modelling of the Northwest New Territories Sewage Outfall, Urmston Road, Hong Kong

Monitoring of the North West New Territories outfall was completed in 1996, which included three surveys measuring effluent behaviour and oceanographic conditions. In this paper, the surveyed effluent behaviour is compared to the results of the near-field model JETLAG, which estimates close to measured dilutions and trap levels given the uncertainties involved. JETLAG predictions of future outfall performance are also described. For this, current and stratification data at Black Point (about 3 km from the outfall) is analysed, and a hydrodynamic model of the region is used to determine relationships between currents at the Black Point and the outfall sites. These relationships are used to transform the measured currents at Black Point to the outfall site, with simpler relationships converting stratification data. Using this input data, JETLAG results indicate that near-field dilution is approximately inversely proportional to discharge, with effluent typically trapped below mid-depth during warmer months.
Does post merger financial performance improve after agrifood mergers of cooperatives? An empirican analysis

This study was carried out to characterize the mergers and acquisitions undertaken in the Spanish agrifood sector during the period 1995-2005 and has two objectives. Firstly, it aims to determine the manner in which economic-financial factors influence the type of merger carried out (merger by formation of a new legal person and merger by acquisition), and the role played by cooperatives (acquirer, acquired or cooperative involved in a merger by formation). Secondly, it aims to determine whether these mergers have contributed to reaching any of the objectives they were set out to achieve: improving the economic-financial situation of the companies involved, increasing income and reducing relative costs. The results obtained show that on average, following a merger, there were no statistically significant improvements in the economic-financial indicators studied.
Missing Information Reconstruction of Remote Sensing Data: A Technical Review

Because of sensor malfunction and poor atmospheric conditions, there is usually a great deal of missing information in optical remote sensing data, which reduces the usage rate and hinders the follow-up interpretation. In the past decades, missing information reconstruction of remote sensing data has become an active research field, and a large number of algorithms have been developed. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has not, to date, been a study that has been aimed at expatiating and summarizing the current situation. This is therefore our motivation in this review. This paper provides an introduction to the principles and theories of missing information reconstruction of remote sensing data. We classify the established and emerging algorithms into four main categories, followed by a comprehensive comparison of them from both experimental and theoretical perspectives. This paper also predicts the promising future research directions.
Gender Differences in Substance Use Across Marital Statuses

Previous studies have noted that the relationship status of adults is substantially linked with levels of substance use. Understandably, the marital status of adults continues well beyond its initial phases, sometimes resulting in divorce, separation, or remarriage. This study seeks to extend our understanding of the linkages between marital status and substance use among adults. Using data from the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, we examine the substance use levels among a nationally representative sample of 14,715 adults. The analyses indicate that, for both females and males, marriage is, indeed, associated with lower levels of alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use. Divorced individuals reported the highest levels of substance use. Interestingly, remarried individuals report higher levels of substance use than their counterparts in their first marriage, yet remarried men and women report lower levels of usage than do those who are currently divorced. Contextual and individual characteristics also yield several interesting patterns. In particular, distress and depression are shown to be much stronger predictors of substance use levels among divorced and remarried individuals. Divorced and remarried women, as compared to their male counterparts, are shown to be significantly more influenced by their employment status. The implications of this study are discussed, as are the potentially reciprocal nature of marital status and substance use.
Cluster Analysis of the MMPI-2 in a Chronic Low-Back Pain Population

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is the most frequently used psychological measure in the assessment of chronic pain. Since the introduction of the MMPI-2 in 1989 only two published studies have focused on cluster analysis of chronic pain patients. This study investigated MMPI-2 cluster solutions of chronic low-back pain patients. Data was collected from 2,051 chronic low-back pain patients from a multidisciplinary pain clinic in the southwestern United States. A hierarchical clustering procedure was performed on K-corrected T-scores of the MMPI-2 using the three validity and ten clinical scales. Four relatively homogeneous subgroups were identified for each sex with the MMPI-2. In general, these results replicated the findings of previous researchers using both the MMPI and MMPI-2.
Seasonal Variability in the Equatorial Pacific

Abstract Five to nine years of observations from the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean array in the tropical Pacific are used to document the seasonal cycle of surface winds, zonal currents, SST, thermocline depth, and dynamic height. Along the equator, the normally westward surface zonal current reverses direction in late boreal spring and early summer. This seasonal variation in the zonal surface current propagates westward, as do seasonal variations in the Equatorial Undercurrent and zonal surface winds at the equator. At 5°N and 5°S, the seasonal variations in the 20°C isotherm and dynamic height also propagate westward. Conversely at the equator in the eastern and central Pacific, the variations in 20°C isotherm depth and dynamic height propagate eastward. These seasonal variations are interpreted by means of a simple dynamical model based on linear equatorial wave theory. Model results indicate that seasonal variability between 5°N and 5°S is dominated by wind-forced equatorial Kelvin waves and first meridi.
Enhancing Family Cohesion through Web-Based Communication: Analysis of Online Communication Practices in Estonian Families

Semi-structured interviews (N=13) with the representatives of three different generations belonging to the same family with Estonian origin where carried out to analyze the reasons for making use of different web-based communication platforms for everyday family interaction, as well as to study the main motivations for communicating online. Furthermore, we also aimed to understand to what extent the family members helped to mediate and shape each other’s online practices. The findings indicate that new media plays enormous role in supporting and partly also re-establishing intergenerational communication. Not only are web-based communication platforms like Skype, instant messenger or Facebook used by family members who are physically apart, but also by family members living under the same roof. Thank to being constantly logged onto to different web-based communication channels, our respondents perceived these platforms to offer the cheapest and most convenient mode for family communication.
Computing Volume of the Heart's Right Ventricle Using 2D Echocardiography Images

AbstractThis paper presents a new way for computing the volume of the heart's right ventricle. The technique involves manual marking of three critical contours of the ventricle's regions on 2D echocardiography images. The contours are then deformed semi-automatically to keep them orthogonal and concurrent in four-chamber plane, transverse (short-axis) plane, and lateral plane. The ventricle's surface is generated and its volume computed automatically. The proposed model was validated by comparing its estimate with actual measurements using 3D echocardiography imaging.
CORRELATES OF POVERTY STATUS AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA: AN ASSET INDEX APPROACH

Examination of the characteristics and causes of poverty is an important input into the design of economic policy and poverty alleviation programmes. This study assessed the poverty status of rural households in Ogun State, using the Asset Index Approach due to shortcomings of the conventional methods in poverty analysis. Relevant data were collected from a total of 260 households using a four-stage sampling procedure. The data were analyzed using principal component and ordered probit regression analyses (OPRA). The results showed that the OPRA, which significantly (χ2 = 135.20, p < 0.01) explained the probability of a household escaping poverty, revealed that the primary occupation of household heads and the educational status of household heads and their wives among others factors significantly affect the likelihood of escaping poverty. The study therefore suggested that the economic situation of rural households can be considerably enhanced by promoting member’s access to qualitative education and also by encouraging household heads who take up farming activities as their primary occupation to participate in credit associations, indigenous savings and micro financing so as to boost their farming. Therefore, rural development policies should be tailored towards developing these facilities.
Detection of small comets with a ground‐based telescope

The Iowa Robotic Observatory (IRO) located in the Sonoran desert near Sonoita, Arizona, was used for an optical search for small comets in the vicinity of Earth during the period October 1998 through May 1999. The previous reports of detection of the small comets with an optical telescope were based on the search with the Space watch Telescope during November 1987, January 1988, and April 1988. The searches with both of these telescopes required that their fields of view be moved in a special manner across the celestial sphere in order to maximize the dwell times of the comet images on a small set of pixels of the telescopes' array detectors. There were sightings of nine small comets in the set of 1500 usable images which were gained with the IRO. The possibility that these events were spurious owing to random fluctuations of the responses in the sensors was eliminated in two different ways. The first method was the use of a shutter to provide either two or three trails for the same small comet. In the two-trail mode, no events were seen with three trails, and for the three-trail mode, no events were seen with two trails. The second assurance that the trails were not due to noise was provided by a rigorous determination of the signals S and signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) in the trails due to random statistical fluctuations, or “random trails,” and the subsequent comparison with these parameters for the small-comet sightings. The diameter of the primary mirror of the IRO is significantly smaller than that of the Spacewatch Telescope, and thus the uncertainties in the number densities of the small comets are greater with the IRO. However, within a factor of 2 or 3, the average number densities of small comets detected with the IRO are similar to those observed previously with the Spacewatch Telescope, that is, about 10−18/m3.
Geomorphological conditions of the gas-emission crater and its dynamics in central yamal

A.I. Kizyakov1, A.V. Sonyushkin2, M.O. Leibman3,4, M.V. Zimin2, A.V. Khomutov3 1 Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Geography, 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia; akizyakov@mail.ru 2 ScanEx Research and Development Center, 20/10 Berezhkovskaya embank. , Moscow, 119021, Russia 3 Earth Cryosphere Institute, SB RAS, P/O box 1230, Tyumen, 625000, Russia 4 Tyumen State Oil and Gas University, 38 Volodarskogo str. , Tyumen, 625000, Russia
SOWING THE SEEDS OF RESISTANCE: AGRARIAN REFORM, POLITICAL VIOLENCE, AND POPULAR MOBILIZATION IN THE AGUÁN VALLEY OF HONDURAS

Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. The agrarian conflict in the Aguán Valley of Honduras is among the most violent and distressing in contemporary Latin America. It has roots in both local and global political economic processes, including structural adjustment and the proliferation of neoliberal economic policies in the region. In particular, the Ley de Modernización y Desarrollo del Sector Agrícola, or Law of Modernization and Development of the Agricultural Sector, drastically altered the landscape in rural Honduras, both literally and figuratively. An analysis of this policy reveals much about the nature of the current conflict, as well as that of the campesino (small farmer) movements that have organized to regain their land. This thesis seeks to shed light on the interconnectedness of economic policy, political violence, and popular resistance in the Aguán Valley and to examine the ways in which campesino movements frame their struggles and assert themselves as legitimate actors in the policy realm. vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to express my sincere appreciation to Professors Yvonne Braun, Kristin Yarris, and Laura Leete for their assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. All three have inspired me to think about this project in different and exciting ways, and this work is all the richer for it. Working closely with my advisor and chair, Yvonne, throughout this process has been tremendously rewarding, and I am infinitely grateful for her insight and support. I also thank the Departments of International Studies and Planning, Public Policy and Management, as well as the Global Oregon Institute, for generously funding my fieldwork. I must also give thanks for my family and wonderful friends, who have provided unconditional support in all my personal, professional and academic endeavors. I am particularly lucky to have parents who have always encouraged me to chase my dreams – cliché as it might be – and I have no illusions that I could be where I am today without them. Finally, and most importantly, I extend my most sincere gratitude to my compañeras and compañeros in Honduras, who have graciously welcomed me into their homes and communities, allowing me to walk with them, learn from them, and to be a very small part of their struggles for justice. These have been the most meaningful experiences of my life, and I will forever be grateful. ¡La lucha sigue! vii This thesis is dedicated to …
Effects of desiccation on post-planting stress in bare-root Corsican pine seedlings

Summary We examined the post-planting consequences of pre-planting exposure stress on two-year-old, bare-root Corsican pine ( Pinus nigra Arnold. ssp. laricio var. Corsicana ) seedlings. Seedlings were lifted from a nursery and exposed to ambient conditions for periods of up to 192 h before being planted in minirhizotrons. Exposure decreased seedling water potential, CO 2 assimilation rate, leaf conductance and new root elongation, and increased mortality after planting. During exposure, needle total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) concentration (expressed on a dry mass basis) decreased by 0.31 mg g dm - 1 h - 1 ; however, needle and root TNC concentrations remained high (> 100 mg g dm - 1 ) at planting, even in those treatments leading to severe seedling mortality. More than 90% of the seedlings with predawn water potentials lower than -1.3 MPa at planting did not elongate new roots and did not survive, whereas a similar percentage of seedlings with a predawn water potential above this value at planting elongated new roots and survived, suggesting that this value corresponds to a turgor threshold below which new root formation is inhibited. At planting, embolization of xylem conduits in roots and shoots was low for seedlings in all of the exposure treatments.