Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DockRank: Ranking docked conformations using partner‐specific sequence homology‐based protein interface prediction

Selecting near‐native conformations from the immense number of conformations generated by docking programs remains a major challenge in molecular docking. We introduce DockRank, a novel approach to scoring docked conformations based on the degree to which the interface residues of the docked conformation match a set of predicted interface residues. DockRank uses interface residues predicted by partner‐specific sequence homology‐based protein–protein interface predictor (PS‐HomPPI), which predicts the interface residues of a query protein with a specific interaction partner. We compared the performance of DockRank with several state‐of‐the‐art docking scoring functions using Success Rate (the percentage of cases that have at least one near‐native conformation among the top m conformations) and Hit Rate (the percentage of near‐native conformations that are included among the top m conformations). In cases where it is possible to obtain partner‐specific (PS) interface predictions from PS‐HomPPI, DockRank consistently outperforms both (i) ZRank and IRAD, two state‐of‐the‐art energy‐based scoring functions (improving Success Rate by up to 4‐fold); and (ii) Variants of DockRank that use predicted interface residues obtained from several protein interface predictors that do not take into account the binding partner in making interface predictions (improving success rate by up to 39‐fold). The latter result underscores the importance of using partner‐specific interface residues in scoring docked conformations. We show that DockRank, when used to re‐rank the conformations returned by ClusPro, improves upon the original ClusPro rankings in terms of both Success Rate and Hit Rate. DockRank is available as a server at http://einstein.cs. iastate.edu/DockRank/. Proteins 2014; 82:250–267. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Distributed estimation of linear acceleration for improved accuracy in wireless inertial motion capture

Motion capture using wireless inertial measurement units (IMUs) has many advantages over other techniques. Achieving accurate tracking with IMUs presents a processing challenge, especially for real time tracking. Centralised approaches are bandwidth-intensive and prone to error from packet loss. Methods based solely on local knowledge have poor dynamic accuracy, due to ambiguities introduced by linear acceleration. First we analyse the effect of linear acceleration on orientation accuracy. We then present an efficient distributed method which uses a model of the subject's body structure to estimate and correct for linear acceleration. We validate the behaviour of this method on data from combined optical/inertial capture experiments, and show improved gravity vector estimation and a corresponding increase in orientation accuracy. We estimate the runtime, memory, communication and power requirements of our method, and show that it is a practical software modification to an existing system. The proposed solution is the first to use collaboration between wireless IMUs to improve accuracy.
Development of a Mobile Information Display System for UAS Operations in North Dakota

The University of North Dakota is developing airspace within the state of North Dakota where unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) can be flown without an on-board sense and avoid system or temporary flight restrictions. The John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences, with funding from the United States Air Force, is developing a mobile ground-based radar system to detect low observable aircraft and to display the information to the UAS operator using a novel visualization system. The only stated desirable feature was that the visualization system use NATO/APA icons as applicable. The system integrates aircraft position data from Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B), ground based radar, telemetry data from Global Positioning System (GPS) equipped UASs, and sources for weather information relevant to the monitored airspace. As the data is accumulated it is fused and multicast to the Information Display Systems (IDSs) where it is displayed on two types of high-resolution wide-screen IDSs. The two types of IDSs include a Range Control Center Information Display System (RCC IDS) and a Ground Observer Information Display System (GO IDS). This paper focuses on the developed IDSs and on the simulation system used to test the IDSs.
A Practical, Declarative Theory of Dialog

The general goal of our work is to investigate computational models of dialog that can support effective interaction between people and computer systems. We are particularly interested in the use of dialog for training and education. To support effective communication, dialog systems must facilitate users’ understanding by incrementally presenting only the most relevant information, by evaluating users’ understanding, and by adapting the interaction to address communication problems as they arise. Our theory provides a specification and representation of the linguistic, intentional, and social information that influence how people understand and respond in an ongoing dialog and an architecture for combining this information. We represent knowledge uniformly in a single, declarative, logical language where the interpretation and performance of communicative acts in dialog occurs as a result of reasoning.
Multiband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna

In this paper, Ultra wideband circular Microstrip patch antenna is proposed. Over years, great interest was focused on microstrip antennas for their small volumes, low profiles, good integration, low costs and good performance. With the continuous growth of wireless communication service and the constant miniaturization of communication equipment, there are higher and higher demands for the volume of antennas, integration and working band. This paper presents A circular polarized (CP) Circular microstrip antenna with triple band for wireless communications system application which are suitable for the 2.6-GHz, 3.7GHz and the 5-GHz triple-band operations. These systems may include various combinations of Bluetooth, WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) and wireless local-area network (WLAN). A circular microstrip patch antenna is designed to operate at 2.6(GHz) with circular polarization, a U slot is inserted thereafter in the original patch to generate the second resonant at 5.4 (GHz). Another C-slot is inserted thereafter to generate the 3.7 (GHz) third band. The C slot insertion effect on the original patch is examined, first arc length effect on the return loss and axial ration is examined in order to get the optimum length, and then the arc orientation effect also is examined to find out the best orientation to place the arc. This design has several advantages as the total antenna volume can be reused, and therefore the overall antenna will be compact. The design is verified through both numerical simulations and measurement ofa fabricated prototype. The results confirm good performance of the singleand multiband antenna design.
Fas Death Receptor Signaling Represses Monocyte Numbers and Macrophage Activation In Vivo1

Over 1 billion monocytes are produced daily, with a small percentage differentiating into macrophages, suggesting that excess monocytes are deleted through a tightly regulated process. Although the in vivo mechanism governing monocyte/macrophage homeostasis is unknown, deletion of monocytes in culture is mediated by the Fas death pathway and is blocked by M-CSF. To determine the in vivo significance of Fas in monocyte development, mice lacking Fas (lpr/lpr) and mice deficient in Fas and M-CSF were examined. Compared with congenic control C57BL/6 (B6) mice, lpr/lpr mice displayed increased numbers of circulating monocytes. The lack of Fas in M-CSF-deficient mice resulted in an enhanced percentage, but not total numbers, of monocytes. Fas deficiency led to an increase in myeloid bone marrow progenitor potential only in M-CSF-intact mice. Although lpr/lpr and B6 mice had similar numbers of tissue macrophages, the loss of Fas in M-CSF-deficient mice was sufficient to increase the number of macrophages in a subset of tissues. Additionally, after stimulation with thioglycolate, lpr/lpr and B6 mice showed equivalent numbers of peritoneal macrophages. However, Fas-deficient peritoneal macrophages displayed a marked increase in spontaneous and LPS-induced proinflammatory molecule production. Moreover, Fas-deficient mice showed enhanced systemic inflammatory arthritis associated with up-regulation of IL-1β and CCL2 secretion, elevated numbers of inflammatory monocytes, and increased numbers of tissue macrophages. Collectively, these data suggest that Fas may be required for maintaining circulating monocytes and for suppressing macrophage activation and recruitment that are stimulus dependent.
Final Please Show All Relevant Work. Good Luck!

Analyze whether the claims given below (stated inside \quotation marks") make sense or not. Your analysis is much more important than whether you agree with my opinion that the given statement is true, false, or uncertain. (a) \Deeation is a dangerous. " (b) According to Milton Friedman: \Innation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon. " (c) According to J.M. Keynes: \It is sometimes said that it would be illogical for labor to resist a reduction of money wages but not to resist a reduction of real wages. But, whether logical or illogical, experience shows that this is how labor in fact behaves. " (d) \The best way to defend a currency under attack is to raise interest rates. " (e) You are given the following information. \(a) In random testing, you test positive for a disease. (b) In 5% of cases, this test shows positive even when the subject does not have a disease. (c) In the population at large, one person in 1,000 has the disease. Therefore, it is highly likely that you have the disease. " Each question is worth 10 points. Total is 50 points.
The Least Costs Hypothesis: A Rational Analysis Approach to the Voluntary Symbolic Control of Attention

Here we propose a rational analysis account of voluntary symbolic attention control—the Least Costs Hypothesis (LCH)—that construes voluntary control as a decision between intentional cue use and unguided search. Consistent with the LCH, the present study showed that this decision is sensitive to variations in cue processing efficiency. In Experiment 1, observers demonstrated a robust preference for using “easy-to-process” arrow cues but not “hard-to-process” spatial word cues to satisfy an easy visual search goal; Experiment 2 showed that this preference persisted even when the temporal costs of cue processing were neutralized. Experiment 3 showed that observers reported this cue type preference outside the context of a speeded task, and Experiment 4 showed empirical measures of this bias to be relatively stable over the course of the task. Together with previous evidence suggesting that observers’ decision between intentional cue use and unguided search is also influenced by variations in unguided search efficiency, these findings suggest that voluntary symbolic attention control is mediated by ongoing metacognitive evaluations of demand that are sensitive to perceived variations in the time, effort, and opportunity costs associated with each course of action. Thus, voluntary symbolic attention control is far more complex than previously held.
Empirical insight into the context of design patterns: Modularity analysis

Design patterns are common solutions to specific design problems. There are many claimed benefits of the application of design patterns on design quality. This paper empirically evaluates and compares the modularity of design patterns in object-oriented software. Coupling and cohesion of classes that participate in design patterns were compared with those that do not participate. We used CBO and LCOM metrics as proxy measures for coupling and cohesion respectively. Data were collected from five open source systems, and analyses were conducted at both the design and pattern levels. At the design level, we compared the modularity of participant versus non-participant classes in design patterns, whereas at the pattern level, we compared the modularity of the classes in each pattern. The results indicate that the classes that participate in design patterns are more coupled and less cohesive than the non-participant classes at both levels.
Deformations of W-algebras associated to simple Lie algebras

Deformed W-algebra Wq,t(g) associated to an arbitrary simple Lie alge- bra g is defined together with its free field realizations and the screening operators. Explicit formulas are given for generators of Wq,t(g) when g is of classical type. These formulas exhibit a deep connection between Wq,t(g) and the analytic Bethe Ansatz in integrable models associated to quantum affine algebrasUq(b) and Ut( L b). The scaling limit of Wq,t(g) is closely related to affine Toda field theories.
Scene interpretation and behavior planning for driver assistance

The scene interpretation and the behavior planning of a vehicle in real world traffic is a difficult problem to be solved. If different hierarchies of tasks and purposes are built to structure the behavior of a driver, complex systems can be designed. But finally behavior planning in vehicles can only influence the controlled variables: steering, angle and velocity. In this paper a scene interpretation and a behavior planning for a driver assistance system aiming on cruise control is proposed. In this system the controlled variables are determined by an evaluation of the dynamics of a two-dimensional neural field for scene interpretation and two one-dimensional neural fields controlling steering angle and velocity. The stimuli of the fields are determined according to the sensor information.
A cost-efficient 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS RF transceiver using a fractional-N synthesizer for 802.11b/g wireless LAN applications

A single-chip 2.4 GHz, zero-IF transceiver for IEEE 802.11 b/g WLAN systems is fabricated on a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. Based on an innovative system architecture using digital calibration, analog circuit imperfections are eliminated. The transceiver features enhanced phase noise performance with the use of a fractional-N synthesizer. A switched configuration allows for the same filters to be used on both TX/RX paths, thus minimizing area. It features a NF of 3.5 dB while the sensitivity is -78 dBm at 54 Mb/s operation, referred at the input of the chip. The transmit output 1 dB compression point is 9 dBm. Digital calibration helps achieve an EVM of -31 dB while transmitting -4 dBm at 54 Mb/s.
On the Dynamic Model of Service Innovation in Manufacturing Industry

As the trend of manufacturing is being dominated depending on services, products and processes are more and more related with sophisticated services. Thus, this research starts with the discussion about integration of the product, process, and service in the innovation process. In particular, this paper sets out some foundations for a theory of service innovation in the field of manufacturing, and proposes the dynamic model of service innovation related to product and process. Two dynamic models of service innovation are suggested to investigate major tendencies and dynamic variations during the innovation cycle: co-innovation and sequential innovation. To structure dynamic models of product, process, and service innovation, the innovation stages in which two models are mainly achieved are identified. The research would encourage manufacturers to formulate strategy and planning for service development with product and process. Keywordsdynamic model; service innovation; service innovation models; innovation cycle; manufacturing industry
Maximally symmetric subspace decomposition of the Schwarzschild black hole

The well-known Schwarzschild black hole was first obtained as a stationary, spherically symmetric solution of the Einstein's vacuum field equations. But until thirty years later, efforts were made for the analytic extension from the exterior area $(r>2GM)$ to the interior one $(r<2GM)$. As a contrast to its maximally extension in the Kruskal coordinates, we provide a comoving coordinate system from the view of the observers freely falling into the black hole in the radial direction. We find an interesting fact that the spatial part in this coordinate system is maximally symmetric $(E_3)$, i.e., along the world lines of these observers, the Schwarzschild black hole can be decomposed into a family of maximally symmetric subspaces.
Early Life Stress Differentially Modulates Distinct Forms of Brain Plasticity in Young and Adult Mice

Background Early life trauma is an important risk factor for many psychiatric and somatic disorders in adulthood. As a growing body of evidence suggests that brain plasticity is disturbed in affective disorders, we examined the short-term and remote effects of early life stress on different forms of brain plasticity. Methodology/Principal Findings Mice were subjected to early deprivation by individually separating pups from their dam in the first two weeks after birth. Distinct forms of brain plasticity were assessed in the hippocampus by longitudinal MR volumetry, immunohistochemistry of neurogenesis, and whole-cell patch-clamp measurements of synaptic plasticity. Depression-related behavior was assessed by the forced swimming test in adult animals. Neuropeptides and their receptors were determined by real-time PCR and immunoassay. Early maternal deprivation caused a loss of hippocampal volume, which returned to normal in adulthood. Adult neurogenesis was unaffected by early life stress. Long-term synaptic potentiation, however, was normal immediately after the end of the stress protocol but was impaired in adult animals. In the forced swimming test, adult animals that had been subjected to early life stress showed increased immobility time. Levels of substance P were increased both in young and adult animals after early deprivation. Conclusion Hippocampal volume was affected by early life stress but recovered in adulthood which corresponded to normal adult neurogenesis. Synaptic plasticity, however, exhibited a delayed impairment. The modulation of synaptic plasticity by early life stress might contribute to affective dysfunction in adulthood.
Touch: The Science of the Sense that Makes Us Human

Why does holding a hot drink make us like people more? How can a soldier under fire not even notice he's been shot? What makes sex so much fun? Touch is the most important sense we have. Without it, we cannot entirely feel pleasure or pain - we are less than human. In fact, as David Linden demonstrates in the astonishing stories gathered here, touch is central to who we are - from choosing our partners to comforting us on our deathbeds. Exploring the many surprising facts and myths about our sense of touch, Linden reveals how it defines us - and how, by understanding it, we can better know ourselves.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CRITICAL THINKING FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF ROBERT ENNIS AND HENRY GIROUX CONSIDERING ITS APPLICATION FOR THE MODIFICATION OF TEACHER TRAINING SYSTEM

هديكچ و تسا تيبرت و ميلعت مهم فادها زا يكي يداقتنا ركفت شرورپ شيپ ركفت تراهم ياراد و روكف يناملعم نتشاد ،رما نيا زاين تسا يداقتنا . فت شرورپ يارب لدم يداقتنا رك يقلتخم ياه هدمع شيارگ ود رد هك تسا هدش هئارا ي شناور ن و يتخا يسايس دنتسه يعامتجا . هاگديد زا يداقتنا ركفت ،هلاقم نيا رد يسايس هاگديد و سينا تربار يتخانشناور يرنه يعامتجا دروم ناملعم تيبرت حلاصا يارب اهنآ دربراك هب رظن اب وريژ رارق قيبطت تقرگ تسا ه . يم ناشن جياتن اب سينا تربار هك دهد هتخادرپ يداقتنا ركفت شرورپ هب يتايلمع تروص هب هكنيا دوجو تسا ، تسا هداد ناشن لمع هب يمك هجوت وا يلو . لباقم رد ريژ و يم يعامتجا لمع ار يداقتنا ركفت فده ياتسار رد هك دناد يم خر يعامتجا تلادع ققحت دهد . كفت ،وريژ رظنم زا يداقتنا ر هدش هتخيمآ مه رد تسايس و قلاخا ،گنهرف اب ناملعم و تسا شرورپ رد يميظع تلاسر ،نيرفآ لوحت ناركفنشور ناونع هب هب هعماج رد نآ شرتسگ نينچمه و هسردم رد يداقتنا ركفت دنراد هدهع . يتيريدم ماظن رارقتسا ،سينا و وريژ ركفت ساسا رب اوتحم رد لوحت ،يتكراشم و ايوپ تراهم شرورپ ،يشزومآ ياه تفگ ناكما داجيا ،يداقتنا ركفت ياه تسايس اب ناملعم يوگو تاعلاطم رب ديكات و يهاگشناد ياهداهن و يتيبرت نارازگ ناريا رد ملعم تيبرت ماظن حلاصا ياهراكهار هلمج زا يگنهرف تسا . هژاو يديلك ياه : ،يداقتنا ركفت ،وريژ يرنه ،سينا تربار ،ملعم تيبرت يداقتنا تيبرت و ميلعت Abstract Critical thinking is one of the major aims of education, and its prerequisite is to have thoughtful teachers with critical thinking viewpoints. There have been numerous models for critical thinking including two major psychological and sociopolitical ones. The present article has considered a comparative study of critical thinking from the viewpoints of Robert Ennis and Henry Giroux considering its application for the modification of teacher training system. Findings declare that although considering critical thinking, Robert Ennis has drawn a little attention to action. In contrast, Giroux claims that the target of critical thinking is social action occurring in parallel with social justice. From Giroux's viewpoint, critical thinking has been blended by culture, ethics and politics, and teachers as transformative intellectuals undertake a major mission in developing critical thinking training in pupil and, also, its expansion in society. According to Giroux and Ennis’s thinking, some of the policies of teacher training system in should be improved in the direction of: corporative and dynamic management, transformation of educational contents, critical thinking skills training, providing teachers with possibility of communication with educational policy makers , academic institutes and finally by putting some emphasis upon cultural studies.
Encoding Reality: Prediction-Assisted Cortical Learning Algorithm in Hierarchical Temporal Memory

In the decade since Jeff Hawkins proposed Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM) as a model of neocortical computation, the theory and the algorithms have evolved dramatically. This paper presents a detailed description of HTM's Cortical Learning Algorithm (CLA), including for the first time a rigorous mathematical formulation of all aspects of the computations. Prediction Assisted CLA (paCLA), a refinement of the CLA is presented, which is both closer to the neuroscience and adds significantly to the computational power. Finally, we summarise the key functions of neocortex which are expressed in paCLA implementations.