Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spider hero: a VR application using pulling force feedback system

The super hero has overwhelming speed and power. Especially, the greatest characteristic is his special ability. In our VR application, the user can jump from one building to another by using a web and being stuck to it like Spiderman#8482;, the famous super hero. In fact, the aim of this application is to give the user the enjoyment of using superpower. In this application, the user wears the web-shooter, which is the device to shoot a web, and takes aim at a target building with this device. Then, when the user swings his arm ahead, the web is launched and is stuck to the target building on the screen. After the web is stuck to the building, the user's arm is pulled in the direction of the target building by the pulling force feedback system, which can give the feeling of pulling to the user directly and smoothly, as if he were attached to an elastic string. Finally, the user moves to the target building. In exhibition, we surveyed from guests by the questionnaire. And we got evaluation from this questionnaire. As results, we were able to confirm that a lot of users had enjoyed "Spider Hero".
Degradation of azo dyes by the lignin-degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium

Under nitrogen-limiting, secondary metabolic conditions, the white rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium extensively mineralized the specifically 14C-ring-labeled azo dyes 4-phenylazophenol, 4-phenylazo-2-methoxyphenol, Disperse Yellow 3 [2-(4'-acetamidophenylazo)-4-methylphenol], 4-phenylazoaniline, N,N-dimethyl-4-phenylazoaniline, Disperse Orange 3 [4-(4'-nitrophenylazo)-aniline], and Solvent Yellow 14 (1-phenylazo-2-naphthol). Twelve days after addition to cultures, the dyes had been mineralized 23.1 to 48.1%. Aromatic rings with substituents such as hydroxyl, amino, acetamido, or nitro functions were mineralized to a greater extent than unsubstituted rings. Most of the dyes were degraded extensively only under nitrogen-limiting, ligninolytic conditions. However, 4-phenylazo-[U-14C]phenol and 4-phenylazo-[U-14C]2-methoxyphenol were mineralized to a lesser extent under nitrogen-sufficient, nonligninolytic conditions as well. These results suggest that P. chrysosporium has potential applications for the cleanup of textile mill effluents and for the bioremediation of dye-contaminated soil.
How the cascading effects of a single behavioral trait can generate personality

Individuals from the same population generally vary in suites of correlated behavioral traits: personality. Yet, the strength of the behavioral correlations sometimes differs among populations and environmental conditions, suggesting that single underlying mechanisms, such as genetic constraints, cannot account for them. We propose, instead, that such suites of correlated traits may arise when a single key behavior has multiple cascading effects on several other behaviors through affecting the range of options available. For instance, an individual's shyness can constrain its habitat choice, which, in turn, could restrict the expression of other behavioral traits. We hypothesize that shy individuals should be especially restrained in their choice of habitat when the risk of predation is high, which then canalizes them into different behavioral options making them appear behaviorally distinct from bolder individuals. We test this idea using an individual-based simulation model. Our results show that individual differences in boldness can be sufficient, under high predation pressure, to generate behavioral correlations between boldness and both the tendency to aggregate and the propensity to use social information. Thus, our findings support the idea that some behavioral syndromes can be, at least to some extent, labile. Our model further predicts that such cascading effects should be more pronounced in populations with a long history of predation, which are expected to exhibit a low average boldness level, compared with predator-naïve populations.
Prevalence, Incidence, and Estimated Life‐time Risk of Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infections in a Nonselected Finnish Female Population

&NA; The authors derived prevalence and incidence figures for cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in an unselected Finnish population of women aged 22. This paper is an epidemiologic study utilizing the mass‐screening program that has been conducted in Finland for cervical cancer since the early 1960s. The authors estimated the lifetime risk of cervical HPV infections based on the figures in this program and on those derived from a random sample of 2,084 (out of 28,861) routine Papanicolaou (Pap) smears examined in their laboratory. The mass‐screening program was performed between 1985‐1986 focusing on a total cohort of 22‐year‐old women (born in 1963) in Kuopio province. In 1985, 2,013 women were invited of which 1,289 attended. One year later, 1,768 women of those 2,013 were reinvited, and the number of women screened at the second round was 1,069. The routine cervicovaginal Pap smears were taken, including a cell sample from the vagina, exocervix, and endocervix. All smears were screened for the HPV‐induced cytopathic changes by the same cytopathologist. The prevalence of HPV infection among the 22‐year‐old women was about 3% at the beginning of the follow‐up and about 7% one year later. The crude annual incidence was 7.0%. According to the estimates for the life‐time risk, half of the sexually active women would experience at least one HPV infection within 10 years. Up to 79% of the Finnish females would contract at least one HPV infection between ages 20 and 79 years. This indicates that factors, which are poorly understood at the moment, exist that regulate the development of an invasive carcinoma from a CIS lesion.
Global change and the evolution of phenotypic plasticity in plants

Global change drivers create new environmental scenarios and selective pressures, affecting plant species in various interacting ways. Plants respond with changes in phenology, physiology, and reproduction, with consequences for biotic interactions and community composition. We review information on phenotypic plasticity, a primary means by which plants cope with global change scenarios, recommending promising approaches for investigating the evolution of plasticity and describing constraints to its evolution. We discuss the important but largely ignored role of phenotypic plasticity in range shifts and review the extensive literature on invasive species as models of evolutionary change in novel environments. Plasticity can play a role both in the short‐term response of plant populations to global change as well as in their long‐term fate through the maintenance of genetic variation. In new environmental conditions, plasticity of certain functional traits may be beneficial (i.e., the plastic response is accompanied by a fitness advantage) and thus selected for. Plasticity can also be relevant in the establishment and persistence of plants in novel environments that are crucial for populations at the colonizing edge in range shifts induced by climate change. Experimental studies show taxonomically widespread plastic responses to global change drivers in many functional traits, though there is a lack of empirical support for many theoretical models on the evolution of phenotypic plasticity. Future studies should assess the adaptive value and evolutionary potential of plasticity under complex, realistic global change scenarios. Promising tools include resurrection protocols and artificial selection experiments.
Using dependency parsing and machine learning for factoid question answering on spoken documents

This paper presents our experiments in question answering for speech corpora. These experiments focus on improving the answer extraction step of the QA process. We present two approaches to answer extraction in question answering for speech corpora that apply machine learning to improve the coverage and precision of the extraction. The first one is a reranker that uses only lexical information, the second one uses dependency parsing to score robust similarity between syntactic structures. Our experimental results show that the proposed learning models improve our previous results using only hand-made ranking rules with small syntactic information. Moreover, this results show also that a dependency parser can be useful for speech transcripts even if it was trained with written text data from a news collection. We evaluate the system on manual transcripts of speech from EPPS English corpus and a set of questions transcribed from spontaneous oral questions. This data belongs to the CLEF 2009 track on QA on speech transcripts (QAst). Index Terms: question answering, answer extraction, oral question answering, speech transcriptions
Auditory STM Capacity Correlates with Gray Matter Density in the Left Posterior STS in Cognitively Normal and Dyslexic Adults.

A central feature of auditory STM is its item-limited processing capacity. We investigated whether auditory STM capacity correlated with regional gray and white matter in the structural MRI images from 74 healthy adults, 40 of whom had a prior diagnosis of developmental dyslexia whereas 34 had no history of any cognitive impairment. Using whole-brain statistics, we identified a region in the left posterior STS where gray matter density was positively correlated with forward digit span, backward digit span, and performance on a "spoonerisms" task that required both auditory STM and phoneme manipulation. Across tasks and participant groups, the correlation was highly significant even when variance related to reading and auditory nonword repetition was factored out. Although the dyslexics had poorer phonological skills, the effect of auditory STM capacity in the left STS was the same as in the cognitively normal group. We also illustrate that the anatomical location of this effect is in proximity to a lesion site recently associated with reduced auditory STM capacity in patients with stroke damage. This result, therefore, indicates that gray matter density in the posterior STS predicts auditory STM capacity in the healthy and damaged brain. In conclusion, we suggest that our present findings are consistent with the view that there is an overlap between the mechanisms that support language processing and auditory STM.
Bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase mutations that confer sensitivity to the PPi analog phosphonoacetic acid

Mutations that conferred sensitivity to the pyrophosphate analog phosphonoacetic acid in bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase were identified. The mutations were loosely clustered in four regions of the gene. As found for herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase, T4 mutations that altered sensitivity to phosphonoacetic acid also altered sensitivity to nucleotide analogs. Some of the T4 DNA polymerase mutations also altered the ability of the enzyme to translocate from one template position to the next and affected DNA replication fidelity. Kornberg (A. Kornberg, Science 163:1410-1418, 1969) envisioned a DNA polymerase active center which accommodates primer terminus and template DNAs and the incoming nucleotide. Some mutations identified on the basis of sensitivity to phosphonoacetic acid may be part of such an active center because single amino acid substitutions simultaneously alter several DNA polymerase functions.
Estimating structural relevance of XML elements through language model

Language modeling approaches have been extensively used as an effective way of measuring ad-hoc document content relevance. However, in structured information retrieval (SIR) there is to our knowledge no approach which aims at assessing structural relevance using language models. In this paper we present a language model based on document-query structure likelihood. As the effectiveness of language modeling relies on the associated smoothing technique we experimented two of these techniques. Experiments are conducted on the INEX 2010 Datacentric test set and show the interest of our method compared to official participants to the task.
Role of Janus Kinase 3 in Mucosal Differentiation and Predisposition to Colitis*

Background: Jak3 is a tyrosine kinase, and its role in mucosal differentiation is not known. Results: Jak3, expressed in colonic mucosa, was essential for differentiation, goblet cell surface localization, muc2 expression, and epithelial barrier functions. Conclusion: Jak3 plays a protective role against predisposition to colitis by promoting mucosal differentiation. Significance: Understanding mucosal functions of Jak3 has important implications for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Janus kinase 3 (Jak3) is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase expressed in both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. Previously, we characterized the functions of Jak3 in cytoskeletal remodeling, epithelial wound healing, and mucosal homeostasis. However, the role of Jak3 in mucosal differentiation and inflammatory bowel disease was not known. In this report, we characterize the role of Jak3 in mucosal differentiation, basal colonic inflammation, and predisposition toward colitis. Using the Jak3 knock-out (KO) mouse model, we show that Jak3 is expressed in colonic mucosa of mice, and the loss of mucosal expression of Jak3 resulted in reduced expression of differentiation markers for the cells of both enterocytic and secretory lineages. Jak3 KO mice showed reduced expression of colonic villin, carbonic anhydrase, secretory mucin muc2, and increased basal colonic inflammation reflected by increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-17A in colon along with increased colonic myeloperoxidase activity. The inflammations in KO mice were associated with shortening of colon length, reduced cecum length, decreased crypt heights, and increased severity toward dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. In differentiated human colonic epithelial cells, Jak3 redistributed to basolateral surfaces and interacted with adherens junction (AJ) protein β-catenin. Jak3 expression in these cells was essential for AJ localization of β-catenin and maintenance of epithelial barrier functions. Collectively, these results demonstrate the essential role of Jak3 in the colon where it facilitated mucosal differentiation by promoting the expression of differentiation markers and enhanced colonic barrier functions through AJ localization of β-catenin.
Grassmannian Packings From Operator Reed–Muller Codes

This paper introduces multidimensional generalizations of binary Reed-Muller codes where the codewords are projection operators, and the corresponding subspaces are widely separated with respect to the chordal distance on Grassmannian space. Parameters of these Grassmannian packings are derived and a low complexity decoding algorithm is developed by modifying standard decoding algorithms for binary Reed-Muller codes. The subspaces are associated with projection operators determined by Pauli matrices appearing in the theory of quantum error correction and this connection with quantum stabilizer codes may be of independent interest. The Grassmannian packings constructed here find application in noncoherent wireless communication with multiple antennas, where separation with respect to the chordal distance on Grassmannian space guarantees closeness to the channel capacity. It is shown that the capacity of the noncoherent multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel at both low and moderate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (under the constraint that only isotropically distributed unitary matrices are used for information transmission) is closely approximated by these packings.
A Novel Approach of 3D Object Watermarking Algorithm using Vertex Normal

concept of 3D Watermarking algorithm which is non blind and must be robust against different attack is the novel area of research. There are huge requirement of developing a robust and effective watermarking strategies to protect the illegal distribution of proprietary 3D objects. In the proposed algorithm which alter the size of vertex normal according to the digest of watermark bit to be embedded in repeated pattern. In a non-blind watermark detection scheme, this can identify the watermark in referring to the cover mesh model. The proposed technique is evaluated for robustness, experimentally by simulating attacks such as introducing noise, smoothing, cropping. Keywordsdimensional polygon model; Watermarking; Robustness, on blindness watermarking;
Encyclopedia of Bilingualism and Bilingual Education

Part 1 Individual bilingualism: what is a bilingual? bilingualism and the family the everday use of bilinguals bilingualism and thinking measurement of bilingualism. Part 2 Bilingualism in society: bilingualism in communities how many languages are there in the world? - languages in contact, the mapping of languages in the world, presentation of language maps language change language planning and evolution bilingualism and culture bilingualism and politics. Part 3 Bilingual education: the aims of bilingual education weak forms of bilingual education strong forms of bilingual education bilingual education and the community bilingual education in the United States bilingual eduation for students with special needs bilingual education for the deaf and hearing impaired language awareness multiculturalism in education the bilingual classroom factors affecting second languae acquistion second language learning in the classroom.
Le rôle de l'histoire dans l'enseignement de la statistique

Cet article se propose de fournir un certain nombre d’arguments a la these qui ne fait pas encore consensus que l’histoire de la statistique, combinee avec les approches pedagogiques alternatives du formalisme, de l’experimentation et de la resolution de problemes realistes, fournit des elements indispensables a l’enseignement de cette discipline, tout particulierement en termes d’une double problematisation socio-historique et epistemologique des questions a enseigner. Pour cela l’auteur fait appel a une experience personnelle d’enseignant et d’historien, et passe en revue plusieurs corpus d’etudes en didactique des mathematiques, pour arriver a une evaluation des bienfaits et des risques de cette approche historique. Mots-cles : enseignement, didactique, histoire, etudes sur la science, statistique, probabilites. The role of history in the teaching of statistics This paper aims to provide a number of arguments to the thesis that the history of statistics, combined with alternative teaching approaches of formalism, data processing and simulation, or case studies and problem oriented studies, provides the essential elements for teaching statistics, particularly in terms of social and epistemological problematization. For this the author uses his personal experience as a teacher and historian, and he reviews several issues in mathematical education, to get an assessment of benefits and risks of the historical approach, by science studies in general and statistical socio-history in particular. Keywords : teaching, history, science studies, statistics, probability.
DLX3 mutation associated with autosomal dominant amelogenesis imperfecta with taurodontism

Amelogenesis imperfecta hypoplastic‐hypomaturation with taurodontism (AIHHT) is an autosomal dominant (AD) trait associated with enamel defects and enlarged pulp chambers. In this study, we mapped an AIHHT family to human chromosome 17 q21‐q22 (lod score 3.3) and identify a two basepair deletion (CT) at nucleotide 560 in DLX3 associated with the disease. This mutation causes a frameshift altering the last two amino acids of the DNA‐binding homeodomain introducing a premature stop codon truncating the protein by 88 amino acids. This is the first report of a mutation within the homeodomain of DLX3. Previous studies have shown a DLX3 mutation outside the homeodomain associated with tricho‐dento‐osseous syndrome (TDO) suggesting TDO and some forms of AIHHT are allelic. copy; 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
3D Fragment Reassembly Using Integrated Template Guidance and Fracture-Region Matching

This paper studies matching of fragmented objects to recompose their original geometry. Solving this geometric reassembly problem has direct applications in archaeology and forensic investigation in the computer-aided restoration of damaged artifacts and evidence. We develop a new algorithm to effectively integrate both guidance from a template and from matching of adjacent pieces' fracture-regions. First, we compute partial matchings between fragments and a template, and pairwise matchings among fragments. Many potential matches are obtained and then selected/refined in a multi-piece matching stage to maximize global groupwise matching consistency. This pipeline is effective in composing fragmented thin-shell objects containing small pieces, whose pairwise matching is usually unreliable and ambiguous and hence their reassembly remains challenging to the existing algorithms.
Malignant lymphoma of the ureter: A case report and literature review

A 38-year-old male was admitted to Renji Hospital (Shanghai, China) with the major complaint of back pain due to left hydronephrosis. Imaging analysis revealed an area of nodular soft-tissue density in the left ureteral wall. The patient’s left kidney was non-functional. Thus, a left nephroureterectomy was performed for the purpose of pathological diagnosis, and histopathological examination revealed follicular lymphoma. The patient received R-CHOP chemotherapy (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) every three weeks. Following six courses of chemotherapy, positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed that the patient was in complete remission. From this case we showed that in cases where a partial ureteral stenosis with ureteral wall thickening was observed by imaging analysis, further histological examination of tissue samples should be assigned as soon as possible.
CloudVO: Building a Secure Virtual Organization for Multiple Clouds Collaboration

Cloud computing has become a popular computing paradigm in which virtualized and scalable resources are consolidated to provide services over Internet. However, the resource capability of a single cloud is generally limited, and some applications often require various cloud centers over Internet to deliver services together. Therefore, a Virtual Organization (VO) will be a promising approach to integrate services and users across multiple autonomous clouds. However, how to build a secure virtual organization to achieve the collaboration goals is a critical problem, and some issues such as membership agreement, policy conflict and trust management should be adequately addressed. In this paper, we present a framework CloudVO which based on security policies and trust management techniques to provide some flexible and dynamic VO management protocols for clouds. Therefore, CloudVO can achieve inter-cloud collaboration without destroying a cloud’s local policies. Based on previous VO security management experiences, we have conducted some preliminary simulations to verify the effectiveness our approaches for cloud computing environments.
Generation Of Software Tools From Processor Descriptions For Hardware/software Codesign

An experimental set of tools that generate instruction set simulators,assemblers, and disassemblers from a single description wasdeveloped to test if retargetable development tools would work forcommercial DSP processors and microprocessors. The processorinstruction set was described using a language called nML. TheTMS320C50 DSP processor and the ARM7 microprocessor weremodeled in nML. The resulting instruction set models executeabout 25,000 instructions per second, and compiled instruction setsimulation models execute about 150,000 instructions per second.The viability of this approach and the deficiencies of nML are discussed.