Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationships of Flexible Work Schedules, Workplace Support, Supervisory Support, Work-Life Balance, and the Well-Being of Working Parents

ABSTRACT This study, using a secondary dataset from the 2002 National Study of the Changing Workforce, examines how working parents cope with work demands and family responsibilities. The design is a study on the relationships of flexible work schedule, workplace support, supervisory support, and work-life balance on the well-being of working parents employing the Structural Equation Model (SEM). In this study, employee well-being is an endogenous latent construct. Work-schedule flexibility, workplace support, supervisory support, and work-life balance are latent exogenous constructs. This information will assist social workers in developing more effective intervention efforts in the workplace, with the ultimate goal of increasing the quality of life.
The Biological Justification of Ethics: A Best-Case Scenario

Social and behavioral scientists — that is, students of human nature — nowadays hardly ever use the term ‘human nature’. This reticence reflects both a becoming modesty about the aims of their disciplines and a healthy skepticism about whether there is any one thing really worthy of the label ‘human nature’. For some feature of humankind to be identified as accounting for our ‘nature’, it would have to reflect some property both distinctive of our species and systematically influential enough to explain some very important aspect of our behavior. Compare: molecular structure gives the essence or the nature of water just because it explains most of its salient properties. Few students of the human sciences currently hold that there is just one or a small number of such features that can explain our actions and/or our institutions. And even among those who do, there is reluctance to label their theories as claims about ‘human nature’. Among anthropologists and sociologists, the label seems too universal and indiscriminant to be useful. The idea that there is a single underlying character that might explain similarities threatens the differences among people and cultures that these social scientists seek to uncover. Even economists, who have explicitly attempted to parlay rational choice theory into an account of all human behavior, do not claim that the maximization of transitive preferences is ‘human nature’. I think part of the reason that social scientists are reluctant to use ‘human nature’ is that the term has traditionally labeled a theory with normative implications as well as descriptive ones.
The Frankencamera: an experimental platform for computational photography

Although there has been much interest in computational photography within the research and photography communities, progress has been hampered by the lack of a portable, programmable camera with sufficient image quality and computing power. To address this problem, we have designed and implemented an open architecture and API for such cameras: the Frankencamera. It consists of a base hardware specification, a software stack based on Linux, and an API for C++. Our architecture permits control and synchronization of the sensor and image processing pipeline at the microsecond time scale, as well as the ability to incorporate and synchronize external hardware like lenses and flashes. This paper specifies our architecture and API, and it describes two reference implementations we have built. Using these implementations we demonstrate six computational photography applications: HDR viewfinding and capture, low-light viewfinding and capture, automated acquisition of extended dynamic range panoramas, foveal imaging, IMU-based hand shake detection, and rephotography. Our goal is to standardize the architecture and distribute Frankencameras to researchers and students, as a step towards creating a community of photographer-programmers who develop algorithms, applications, and hardware for computational cameras.
PixelFlex: a reconfigurable multi-projector display system

This paper presents PixelFlex - a spatially reconfigurable multi-projector display system. The PixelFlex system is composed of ceiling-mounted projectors, each with computer-controlled pan, tilt, zoom and focus; and a camera for closed-loop calibration. Working collectively, these controllable projectors function as a single logical display capable of being easily modified into a variety of spatial formats of differing pixel density, size and shape. New layouts are automatically calibrated within minutes to generate the accurate warping and blending functions needed to produce seamless imagery across planar display surfaces, thus giving the user the flexibility to quickly create, save and restore multiple screen configurations. Overall, PixelFlex provides a new level of automatic reconfigurability and usage, departing from the static, one-size-fits-all design of traditional large-format displays. As a front-projection system, PixelFlex can be installed in most environments with space constraints and requires little or no post-installation mechanical maintenance because of the closed-loop calibration.
Interoception: The Inside Story—A Model for Psychosomatic Processes

Objective To comprehend psychosomatic processes, it will be necessary to understand the brain’s influences on bodily functions and also the body’s afferent sensory input to the central nervous system, including the effects of this input on behavior and cognitive functions, especially emotion. The objective of this Presidential Address is to review what is known circa the year 2000 of the processes and mechanisms of visceral sensory psychobiology, often called interoception. Methods Over 1000 publications that have appeared since the 19th century were reviewed to prepare this review, including a group that are specifically cited here. Results Factors and data were reviewed that were identified as germane to understanding interoception. These included definitional issues, historical roots, the neural basis, studies and results in the cardiovascular-respiratory and alimentary-gastrointestinal systems, studies of emotion, and studies in people with mental disorders. Drug and hormone effects, pain, proprioception, and phantom limb or organ factors, and the role of awareness were briefly described. Methodological issues, methods of study including functional imaging, and possible future directions for study were identified. Conclusions Understanding the physical basis of psychosomatic processes, including the so-called mind-body problem, will require a detailed understanding the psychobiology of interoception.
Development and Selection of Edited B Cells in B6.56R Mice1

Tolerance to dsDNA is broken in mice with a high-affinity anti-DNA H chain transgene, 56R, on the C57BL/6 background (B6.56R). B6.56R produce more anti-dsDNA Abs than BALBc.56R. To investigate how anti-DNA Abs are regulated on the B6 background, phenotypic and genetic studies were performed. B6.56R have reduced numbers of B cells and phenotypically altered B cell subsets, including relative increases in the proportions of IgM-negative bone marrow B cells, cells with a marginal zone phenotype, and cells with a transitional T3 phenotype. The peripheral B cell repertoire in B6.56R is restricted: most B cells express the 56R H chain and use a similar, limited subset of editor L chains. DNA binding is more common in B6.56R because the repertoire is shifted toward L chains that are more permissive for DNA binding. H chain editing is also observed and is increased in spontaneous as compared with LPS hybridomas. A subset of spontaneous hybridomas appears to lack H chain expression.
Information Technology Education for Older Adults as a Continuing Peer-Learning Process: A Chinese Case Study

This article examines older Chinese's learning and use of computers and the Internet, focusing on the major barriers encountered and strategies employed to overcome those barriers. A total of 33 interviews were conducted in 2004 in Shanghai. Data analysis was guided by grounded theory. The following are the major findings : (a) lack of technical support is a major barrier to information technology (IT) learning, yet it is difficult to get support from younger people; (b) learning from age peers is an effective way to learn about IT; and (c) short-term computer classes are only the beginning, while computer clubs that may last for years can provide much-needed continuing training.
A Participatory Approach to Develop the Power Mobility Screening Tool and the Power Mobility Clinical Driving Assessment Tool

The electric powered wheelchair (EPW) is an indispensable assistive device that increases participation among individuals with disabilities. However, due to lack of standardized assessment tools, developing evidence based training protocols for EPW users to improve driving skills has been a challenge. In this study, we adopt the principles of participatory research and employ qualitative methods to develop the Power Mobility Screening Tool (PMST) and Power Mobility Clinical Driving Assessment (PMCDA). Qualitative data from professional experts and expert EPW users who participated in a focus group and a discussion forum were used to establish content validity of the PMCDA and the PMST. These tools collectively could assess a user's current level of bodily function and their current EPW driving capacity. Further multicenter studies are necessary to evaluate the psychometric properties of these tests and develop EPW driving training protocols based on these assessment tools.
Saussure au futur. Écrits retrouvés et nouvelles réceptions : Introduction À une relecture de saussure

Indice de ses difficultes epistemologiques, la linguistique ne sait plus raconter son histoire. En linguistique cognitive, Saussure n'est mentionne que par Langacker qui lui emprunte un dessin d'image mentale. Le structuralisme avait, certes, ete associe au nom de Saussure, mais l'on confondait sous cette notion la linguistique structurale de l'entre-deux-guerres, le distributionnalisme americain, et certain phenomene mediatique des annees I9601. La damnatio chomskyenne puis cognitive qui a frappe Saussure avec le structuralisme releve d'une historio-
Parallel Non-Binary Planning in Polynomial Time

This paper formally presents a class of planning problems which allows non-binary state variables and parallel execution of actions. The class is proven to be tractable, and we provide a sound and complete polynomial time algorithm for planning within this class. This result means that we are getting closed to tackling realistic planning problems in sequential control, where a restricted problem representation is often sufficient, but where the size of the problems make tractability an important issue.
A forward genetic screen for suppressors of somatic P granules in C . elegans

In C. elegans, germline expression programs are actively repressed in somatic tissue by components of the synMuv (synthetic multi-vulva) B chromatin remodeling complex, which include homologs of tumor suppressors Retinoblastoma (Rb/lin-35) and Malignant Brain Tumor (MBT/lin-61). However, the full scope of pathways that suppress germline expression in the soma is unknown. To address this, we performed a mutagenesis and screened for somatic expression of GFP-tagged PGL-1, a core P-granule nucleating protein. Eight alleles were isolated from 4000 haploid genomes. Five of these alleles exhibit a synMuv phenotype, while the remaining three were identified as hypomorphic alleles of known synMuv B genes, lin-13 and dpl-1. These findings suggest that most suppressors of germline programs in the soma of C. elegans are either required for viability, or function through synMuv B chromatin regulation.
Styles of tourism in the modern world.

The concept of style has been successfully used in arts, literature and archeology as a means of classification of cultures and for the definition of periods. Can it be used in the same way for recreation and tourism? Cultures or civilised societies will develop recreational styles of their own that can be studied either directly through field-observation or indirectly through the survey of facilities, activities and places preferred for leisure by the people. Such styles can be studied best in the most advanced sub-regions of any cultural realm. Contrary to general opinion there is no reason why, with increasing well-being and mobility, people of different cultures should all come to enjoy the same things by way of leisure. Rather, with time, existing differences might get more pronounced in this whole field. Tourism and recreation seem to be the most important vernacular arts of our day. Their roots reach deeply into the myths of any society.
Latina Immigrant Victims of Interpersonal Violence in New Jersey: A Needs Assessment Study

ABSTRACT Recent studies have stressed the seriousness of male-female intimate partner violence (MFIPV) suffered by Latina women and the need for more comprehensive and culturally sensitive services for this population. This article provides an overall understanding of the type and severity of abuse suffered by examining Latina victims in New Jersey, a state that has a remarkably diverse and numerous Latino population. Socio-economic and residence statuses are considered, and self-help seeking behaviors and the challenges of women's social isolation are addressed. In addition, risk factors related to MFIPV, such as substance abuse and witnessed/experienced violence in childhood, are explored. The understanding of these characteristics and risk factors are critical to the design of prevention and intervention programs.
A case-control study of offenders with high functioning autistic spectrum disorders

Abstract Although a number of case reports have suggested that some people with autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs) commit criminal offences, and that core cognitive characteristics may be associated with this vulnerability, the possibility has not been investigated. The exploratory study described in this paper examined whether the cognitive impairments of people with ASDs are associated with their vulnerability to offending. Groups of 21 adults with ASDs and a history of offending, 23 adults with ASDs and no history of offending, and a general population group of 23 people without ASDs were compared on established measures of those aspects of cognition known to be impaired in both people with ASDs and offenders: theory of mind, executive function, and emotion recognition. Compared with their non-offending peers, the ASD offenders showed a significantly greater impairment in recognition of emotional expressions of fear, but no difference in theory of mind, executive function, and recognition of facial expressions of sadness. It is proposed that a small group of people with ASDs may be co-morbid for autism and developmental disorders of antisocial behaviour, and that this might be related to their vulnerability to criminal offending.
Developmental Dyslexia in Relation to Other Childhood Reading Disorders: Significance and Clinical Utility.

the clinical value of the distinction. The present study attempted such an assessment through an in-depth examination of 80 disabled readers who emerged from a population of 570 second grade boys participating in a longitudinal project. Comparisons of these children to a matched group of 80 normal readers suggest that poor readers as a group are deficient in numerous neurodevelopmental skills, that they face unfavorable consequences regarding later academic and personality functioning, and that their parents' reading and spelling skills are poor relative to those of parents of normal readers. Although a substantial percentage of the reading disabled sample was classified as dyslexic (50 percent), similar comparisons between these children and the remaining, nondyslexic disabled readers revealed no differences. The search for more meaningful subgroups of poor readers would seem to require either substantial revision of the concept of developmental dyslexia or alternative means of classification.
Focal attention produces spatially selective processing in visual cortical areas V1, V2, and V4 in the presence of competing stimuli.

1. The activity of single neurons was recorded in Macaca mulatta monkeys while they performed tasks requiring them to select a cued stimulus from an array of three to eight stimuli and report the orientation of that stimulus. Stimuli were presented in a circular array centered on the fixation target and scaled to place a single stimulus element within the receptive field of the neuron under study. The timing of the cuing event permitted the directing of visual attention to the spatial location of the correct stimulus before its presentation. 2. The effects of focal attention were examined in cortical visual areas V1, V2, and V4, where a total of 672 neurons were isolated with complete studies obtained for 94 V1, 74 V2, and 74 V4 neurons with receptive-field center eccentricities in the range 1.8-8 degrees. Under certain conditions, directed focal attention results in changes in the response of V1, V2, and V4 neurons to otherwise identical stimuli at spatially specific locations. 3. More than one-third of the neurons in each area displayed differential sensitivity when attention was directed toward versus away from the spatial location of the receptive field just before and during stimulus presentation. Both relative increases and decreases in neural activity were observed in association with attention directed at receptive-field stimuli. 4. The presence of multiple competing stimuli in the visual field was a major factor determining the presence or absence of differential sensitivity. About two-thirds of the neurons that were differentially sensitive to the attending condition in the presence of competing stimuli were not differentially sensitive when single stimuli were presented in control studies. For V1 and V2 neurons the presence of only a few (3-4) competing stimuli was sufficient for a majority of the neurons studied; a majority of the V4 neurons required six to eight stimuli in the array before significant differences between attending conditions occurred. 5. For V1 and V2 neurons the neuronal sensitivity differences between attending conditions were observed primarily at or near the peak of the orientation tuning sensitivity for each neuron; the differences were evident over a broader range of orientations in V4 neurons. 6. In conclusion, neural correlates of focal attentive processes can be observed in visual cortical processing in areas V1 and V2 as well as area V4 under conditions that require stimulus feature analysis and selective spatial processing within a field of competing stimuli. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
How children learn to draw the human figure: Studies from Singapore

SUMMARY In many accounts of the development of children's drawing, an important landmark is supposed to be their first recognisable depiction of the human figure — the so-called ‘tadpole’ figure. However, such accounts are based on measuring a supposed progression in children's drawing towards an adult paradigm of drawing — the tadpole is, after all, one of the first visual representations which adults recognise. It may be that by interpreting children's drawing in this way, we miss out other important representational discoveries made in infancy, and at the same time distort our understanding of how children do eventually draw objects-in-the world. In Singaporean nurseries and kindergartens, and using a combination of experiments and naturalistic observations, the present writer studied the drawing strategies used by children between ages 2 and 4 years, when they drew from imagination, from 3D objects and from a human model. The research suggests that during the period when children are supposed to be ‘s.
The prognostic value of the QT interval and QT interval dispersion in all-cause and cardiac mortality and morbidity in a population of Danish citizens.

AIMS To evaluate the prognostic value of the QT interval and QT interval dispersion in total and in cardiovascular mortality, as well as in cardiac morbidity, in a general population. METHODS AND RESULTS The QT interval was measured in all leads from a standard 12-lead ECG in a random sample of 1658 women and 1797 men aged 30-60 years. QT interval dispersion was calculated from the maximal difference between QT intervals in any two leads. All cause mortality over 13 years, and cardiovascular mortality as well as cardiac morbidity over 11 years, were the main outcome parameters. Subjects with a prolonged QT interval (430 ms or more) or prolonged QT interval dispersion (80 ms or more) were at higher risk of cardiovascular death and cardiac morbidity than subjects whose QT interval was less than 360 ms, or whose QT interval dispersion was less than 30 ms. Cardiovascular death relative risk ratios, adjusted for age, gender, myocardial infarct, angina pectoris, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, smoking habits, serum cholesterol level, and heart rate were 2.9 for the QT interval (95% confidence interval 1.1-7.8) and 4.4 for QT interval dispersion (95% confidence interval 1.0-19-1). Fatal and non-fatal cardiac morbidity relative risk ratios were similar, at 2.7 (95% confidence interval 1.4-5.5) for the QT interval and 2.2 (95% confidence interval 1.1-4.0) for QT interval dispersion. CONCLUSION Prolongation of the QT interval and QT interval dispersion independently affected the prognosis of cardiovascular mortality and cardiac fatal and non-fatal morbidity in a general population over 11 years.
Smart meters with TV gray spaces connectivity: A feasibility study for two reference network topologies

With an increasing demand for monitoring energy consumption at granularity levels down to single household appliances, it is necessary to develop new means to collect sensor measurements in a robust and cost-efficient manner. The smart grid paradigm foresees using wireless links for data transfer, albeit no dedicated spectrum bands have been designated for this purpose. In this paper we study the feasibility of opportunistic spectrum access for smart grids, and focus on underlay spectrum sharing over occupied TV channels. These frequency bands, which are commonly denoted as TV gray spaces, provide superior propagation characteristics, but are locally used by high-power (mostly DTV) broadcasting transmitters. For selected reference geometries of intra-meter and meter-to-operator communications, we study the smart meter performance (in terms of achievable throughput and transmission range), and the necessary power limits. We compare our results from a small-scale measurement campaigns against existing wireless technologies for low-power communications in other adjacent bands. Our results show that wall shielding and fading in indoor to outdoor propagation channels sufficiently protects the primary system from the interference introduced by gray space meter-to-meter communications, but that the required transmit powers to send operations data from indoor meters to outdoor collection point severely limit the applicability of TV gray spaces for such network topologies.