Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serum cytokine profiles associated with early allograft dysfunction in patients undergoing liver transplantation

Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) occurring in the first week post‐liver transplantation is associated with increased graft failure and mortality and is believed to be largely due to ischemia/reperfusion injury. We anticipated that the presence of EAD would be reflected by alterations in expression of serum proteins associated with an inflammatory response in the peri‐operative period, and hypothesized that a specific pattern of expression might correlate with the development of EAD. The serum levels of 25 cytokines, chemokines, and immunoreceptors were measured by Luminex multiplex assays pre‐ and post‐liver transplantation. Levels of each cytokine biomarker were compared in adult recipients with or without EAD at serial time points using samples collected pre‐operatively and at 1, 7, 14, and 30 days post‐transplant. EAD was defined according to standard criteria as maximum alanine transferase (ALT) or aspartate transferase (AST) levels on days 1‐7 of >2000 U/ml, day 7 bilirubin level ≥10 mg/dl, or a day 7 international normalized ratio (INR) ≥1.7. Multivariable analyses showed that patients experiencing EAD had lower pre‐operative IL‐6 and higher IL‐2R levels. Patients with EAD also showed higher MCP‐1 (CCL2), IL‐8 (CXCL8), and RANTES (CCL5) chemokine levels in the early post‐operative period, suggesting up‐regulation of the NF‐kB pathway, in addition to higher levels of chemokines and cytokines associated with T cell immunity, including MIG (CXCL9), IP‐10 (CXCL10) and IL‐2R. These findings identify several possible biomarkers and pathways associated with EAD, that may guide future validation studies and investigation of specific cellular and molecular mechanisms of graft dysfunction. Furthermore, if validated, our findings may contribute to perioperative prediction of the occurrence of EAD and ultimately lead to identification of potential interventional therapies. Liver Transpl 18:166–176, 2012. © 2011 AASLD.
IASSIDD: Are We Practicing Knowledge Translation Effectively?

The International Association for the Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IASSIDD) was established in the early 1960s with the mission of advancing research in the field of intellectual disabilities. This article explores the history and impact of IASSIDD. In particular, it focuses on IASSIDD's role in the area of knowledge translation and promoting research to practice. The history of IASSIDD is documented. Its evolution is analyzed in the context of social, political, and scientific developments across the globe over the past 40 years. There has been an increased focus on evidence-based decision making and improving practice through research. There is evidence of a shifting emphasis from a primarily medicalized understanding of people with disability and their needs, to a focus that now includes the social, cultural, and economic needs of people with disability and their families. Greater attention is being paid to the construction of policy and service systems that are person-centered in their orientation, taking into account the priorities and aspirations of individuals, and emphasizing concepts such as inclusion, choice, and self-determination. Consistent with this, there is growing emphasis on inclusive research processes that value the cocreation of knowledge in partnership with people with disability and their families. IASSIDD and our disability research community need to discover and implement new methods of knowledge generation and translation. As an association that values research to practice, and improving the lives of people with disabilities, IASSIDD plays a major role in refining and promoting these emerging approaches to knowledge generation and translation, and their integration into policy and service developments.
Metabolic Effects of Dietary Fructose in Diabetic Subjects

OBJECTIVE To assess the metabolic effects of chronic dietary fructose consumption in diabetic subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Six type I and 12 type II diabetic subjects consumed, in random order, two isocaloric study diets for 28 days. In one diet, 20% of energy was derived from fructose. In the other diet, <3% of energy came from fructose, and carbohydrate energy was derived primarily from starch. Both study diets were composed of common foods. All meals were prepared in a metabolic kitchen where all foods were weighed during meal preparation. RESULTS Mean plasma glucose, urine glucose, and serum glycosylated albumin values were lower during the fructose diet than during the starch diet, but the differences achieved only marginal statistical significance. The day-28 value for mean plasma glucose was 12.5% lower (P = 0.03) during the fructose diet than during the starch diet. At days 14, 21, and 28, fasting serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were both significantly higher during the fructose diet than during the starch diet. The day-28 values for serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol during the fructose diet were 6.9% (P = 0.008) and 10.9% (P = 0.002) higher, respectively, than the corresponding values during the starch diet. No differences were observed between the study diets in fasting serum HDL cholesterol, fasting serum triglycerides, peak postprandial serum triglycerides, or fasting serum lactate. Peak postprandial serum lactate was significantly higher during the fructose diet. Type I and type II diabetic subjects responded to the diets in a consistent way, but type I subjects experienced significantly more hypoglycemia during the fructose diet than during the starch diet. CONCLUSIONS A high-fructose diet may result in reduced glycemia in diabetic subjects but at the expense of increased fasting serum total and LDL cholesterol.
Bursts, eclipses, dips and a refined position for the luminous low-mass X-ray binary in the globular cluster Terzan 6

GRS 1747-312 is a bright transient X-ray source in the globular cluster Terzan 6 with quasi-periodic outbursts approximately every 4.5 months. We carried out 2-60 keV target-of-opportunity observations during eight outbursts with the Proportional Counter Array on the RXTE satellite, for a total exposure time of 301 ks, and detect the first unambiguous thermonuclear X-ray bursts from this source. This identifies the compact accretor in this binary as a neutron star. The neutron star identification implies that twelve out of thirteen luminous (above 10 36 erg s −1 ) X-ray sources in Galactic globular clusters harbor neutron stars, with AC211's nature (in M15) remaining elusive. We observed 24 transitions of eclipses of the X-ray emitting region by the companion star and are able to improve the accuracy of the orbital period by a factor of 10 4 . The period is P = 0.514980303(7) d. We do not detect a period derivative with an upper limit of | u P/P| = 3 × 10 −8 yr −1 . Archival Chandra data were analyzed to further refine the X-ray position, and the cluster's center of gravity was re-determined from optical data resulting in a correction amounting to 2 core radii. We find that GRS 1747-312 is 0.2 ± 0.2 core radii from the cluster center.
Nethost-sensor: a novel concept in intrusion detection systems

An intrusion detection systems (IDS) main purpose is to monitor a resource and notify someone in the event of a specific occurrence for an appropriate response. Based on the sources of audit data, as IDS can be classified into host-based intrusion detection system (HBIDS) or a network-based intrusion detection system (NBIDS). In this paper we focus on NBIDS and propose a novel concept in IDSs called the nethost-sensor. We describe the nethost-sensor ability to thwart end-to-end encryption, denial of services (DoS) attacks, and reduces false positives. This paper presents our experimental procedures and results in designing the nethost-sensor.
COMO OS GIGANTES APRENDEM A DANÇAR: O PAPEL MEDIADOR DO CAPITAL EMPREENDEDOR NA RELAÇÃO ENTRE CULTURA DE INOVAÇÃO E DESEMPENHO DOI: 10.5773/rai.v9i4.726

The literature suggests that Corporate Entrepreneurship (CE) mediates the relationship between an innovative culture and performance. However, despite several theoretical models predicting this relationship, its empirical validation is yet to be tested. That is the main goal of de present study. Relying on a correlational design with 268 participants of a large banking company and using Structural Equation Modeling analysis, it was confirmed the existence of a significant mediation model. This provides important implications for the promotion of Intrapreneurship in organizational contexts and highlights the imperative of considering a new management paradigm centered on corporate entrepreneurship.
Getting Creative with the ‘Creative City’? Towards New Perspectives on Creativity in Urban Policy

This article explores new avenues for academic research on the 'creative city'. Creativity offers opportunities for urban development and the personal development of urban inhabitants, but its adoption in urban policy is frequently criticized for being welded to economic imperatives and a neoliberal agenda. Urban policymakers worldwide continue to adopt narrow conceptualizations of 'creativity' while largely ignoring extensive academic criticism of the concept, suggesting that academic concerns with creativity in urban policy need to be reoriented more effectively. This article develops four key theoretical points on the 'creative city' and creative urban policy. It argues that the focus of enquiry should shift towards a more in-depth understanding of how 'creativity' is constructed, contested and performed in specific urban contexts, understanding the 'creative policy gap' between policymakers and those engaged in all kinds of creative practice, and developing forms of artistic intervention to attempt to make creative policymaking more inclusive and 'creative'. These points are developed through a critique of the literature and some illustrative examples of people in creative occupations interacting with urban planners and policymakers in creative interventions. Resume De nouveaux axes de recherches s'ouvrent a la 'ville creative'. La creativite offre des possibilites d'amenagement urbain et d'epanouissement personnel des citadins, mais son integration aux politiques urbaines est souvent critiquee pour etre indissociable d'imperatifs economiques et d'objectifs neoliberaux. A travers le monde, les decideurs des politiques urbaines adoptent encore des notions etriquees de la 'creativite', negligeant les frequentes remises en question du concept dans les etudes academiques, et pretextant que l'interet des chercheurs pour la creativite dans ce domaine devrait etre reoriente plus efficacement. Quatre points theoriques sur 'la ville creative' et sur une politique urbaine creative sont presentes: les etudes devraient tenter de mieux comprendre les manieres d'elaborer, de contester et de concretiser la 'creativite' dans des contextes urbains particuliers, apprehender le 'deficit de politique creative' entre les decideurs politiques et les personnes qui exercent toutes sortes de pratiques creatives, et developper des formes d'intervention artistique afin de susciter des approches des politiques urbaines plus inclusives et plus 'creatives'. Ces points sont examines en analysant les publications existantes, ainsi que plusieurs exemples de personnes exercant des professions creatives en interaction avec les urbanistes et les decideurs politiques dans le cadre d'interventions creatives.
Sketch creation utilizing shape matching techniques

This paper describes a sketch creation method that can act as a front-end to a visual image retrieval system by allowing the user to draw the types of images s/he is interested in. In addition, the method supports sketch generation processes, in general, by allowing the designer to automatically replace sketch components in the current sketch with similar components from a shape database. The method consists of a shape matching step in which the contents of the user sketch are compared with the contents of a shape database and of a placement step in which similar shapes from the database are properly aligned and replace automatically the contents of the user sketch. Shape matching uses a mixture of local and global shape features such as the turning function difference and the degree of openness of a curve.
Lymphatic endothelial cells - key players in regulation of tolerance and immunity

The lymphatic vasculature provides routes for dendritic cell and lymphocyte migration into and out of lymph nodes. Lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) control these processes by expression of CCL21, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and adhesion molecules. LEC express MHC-I and MHC-II, but not costimulatory molecules, and present antigen on MHC-I via both direct and cross-presentation. Whether LEC present to CD4 T cells on MHC-II is unknown. Interestingly, LEC express antigens otherwise restricted to a small number of peripheral tissues in an autoimmune regulatory element-independent manner. Direct presentation of peripheral tissue antigens (PTA) to CD8 T cells results in abortive proliferation and deletion, due to both a lack of costimulation and active PD-L1 engagement. Autoimmunity develops when deletion is subverted, suggesting that LEC presentation of PTA could lead to human disease if PD-1 signaling were impaired by genetic polymorphisms, or aberrant costimulation occurred during inflammation. The expression of additional inhibitory molecules, which are not involved in LEC-mediated deletion, suggests that LEC may have additional immunoregulatory roles. LEC express receptors for several immunomodulatory molecules whose engagement alters their phenotype and function. In this review we describe the role of LEC in distinct anatomical locations in controlling immune cell trafficking, as well as their emerging role in the regulation of T cell tolerance and immunity.
The visualisation of vitreous using surface modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles

Aims To demonstrate the potential use of in vitro poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles in comparison with triamcinolone suspension to aid visualisation of vitreous during anterior and posterior vitrectomy. Methods PLGA microparticles (diameter 10–60 μm) were fabricated using single and/or double emulsion technique(s) and used untreated or following the surface adsorption of a protein (transglutaminase). Particle size, shape, morphology and surface topography were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and compared with a standard triamcinolone suspension. The efficacy of these microparticles to enhance visualisation of vitreous against the triamcinolone suspension was assessed using an in vitro set-up exploiting porcine vitreous. Results Unmodified PLGA microparticles failed to adequately adhere to porcine vitreous and were readily washed out by irrigation. In contrast, modified transglutaminase-coated PLGA microparticles demonstrated a significant improvement in adhesiveness and were comparable to a triamcinolone suspension in their ability to enhance the visualisation of vitreous. This adhesive behaviour also demonstrated selectivity by not binding to the corneal endothelium. Conclusion The use of transglutaminase-modified biodegradable PLGA microparticles represents a novel method of visualising vitreous and aiding vitrectomy. This method may provide a distinct alternative for the visualisation of vitreous whilst eliminating the pharmacological effects of triamcinolone acetonide suspension.
The Global Context of Nursing: A Human Becoming Perspective

When one considers global health issues from the natural science worldview, it is with a belief that no one person can have any significant influence, hence, a sense of powerlessness and disconnection. In this column, though, the authors assert that when one’s perspective is the human science paradigm, and particularly, the human becoming theory, one person can and does make a difference in global health. The authors discuss the human becoming perspective using the metaparadigm concepts of human, health, and environment, and also, nursing practice guided by the theory. Informed by this perspective, they then explore political implications for global nursing and health.
Deterministic nonmonotone strategies for effective training of multilayer perceptrons

We present deterministic nonmonotone learning strategies for multilayer perceptrons (MLPs), i.e., deterministic training algorithms in which error function values are allowed to increase at some epochs. To this end, we argue that the current error function value must satisfy a nonmonotone criterion with respect to the maximum error function value of the M previous epochs, and we propose a subprocedure to dynamically compute M. The nonmonotone strategy can be incorporated in any batch training algorithm and provides fast, stable, and reliable learning. Experimental results in different classes of problems show that this approach improves the convergence speed and success percentage of first-order training algorithms and alleviates the need for fine-tuning problem-depended heuristic parameters.
Covering spaces of 3-orbifolds

Let O be a compact orientable 3-orbifold with non-empty singular locus and a finite volume hyperbolic structure. (Equivalently, the interior of O is the quotient of hyperbolic 3-space by a lattice in PSL(2,C) with torsion. ) Then we prove that O has a tower of finite-sheeted covers {Oi} with linear growth of p-homology, for some prime p. This means that the dimension of the first homology, with mod p coefficients, of the fundamental group of Oi grows linearly in the covering degree. The proof combines techniques from 3-manifold theory with group-theoretic methods, including the GolodShafarevich inequality and results about p-adic analytic pro-p groups. This has several consequences. Firstly, the fundamental group of O has at least exponential subgroup growth. Secondly, the covers {Oi} have positive Heegaard gradient. Thirdly, we use it to show that a group-theoretic conjecture of Lubotzky and Zelmanov would imply that O has large fundamental group. This implication uses a new theorem of the author, which will appear in a forthcoming paper. These results all provide strong evidence for the conjecture that any closed orientable hyperbolic 3-orbifold with non-empty singular locus has large fundamental group. Many of the above results apply also to 3-manifolds commensurable with an orientable finite-volume hyperbolic 3-orbifold with non-empty singular locus. This includes all closed orientable hyperbolic 3-manifolds with rank two fundamental group, and all arithmetic 3-manifolds.
All the (Natural) World's a Stage: Museum Theater as an Educational Tool

This paper describes a range of theatrical events developed by the Education Unit of the Natural History Museum, London. Theater is used to target non-traditional audiences, thereby helping meet the museum's educational mandate in innovative ways. The museum's galleries have recently hosted a variety of characters, traditional and contemporary, historical and fictional, in a number of dramatic formats: ensemble pieces, role-playing, puppetry, dance, mime, and acrobatics. The examples described here provide the occasion for exploring related issues, such as the museum's overall objectives for the program, the responses of visitors, and the spatial and temporal limitations to the design process.
Cerebral Microbleeds: Histopathological Correlation of Neuroimaging

Background: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and their role in cerebrovascular disease. A few studies have investigated the histopathological correlation between CMBs and neuroimaging findings. We conducted a systematic review in an attempt to characterize the pathological and radiological correlation. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted for studies in which CMBs were characterized histopathologically and correlated with MRI findings. Results: Five studies met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 18 patients. Hemosiderin deposition was reported in 42 CMBs (49%), while 16 CMBs (19%) were described as old hematomas which stained for iron, 13 (15%) had no associated specific pathology, 11 (13%) contained intact erythrocytes, 1 (1%) was due to vascular pseudocalcification, 1 (1%) was a microaneurysm and 1 (1%) was a distended dissected vessel. Lipofibrohyalinosis was the most prominent associated vascular finding. Amyloid angiopathy was present primarily in patients with dementia. Conclusions: Although histopathological associations have been observed using MRI in patients with CMBs, the findings have yet to be validated and further research is warranted.
THORACIC INTERVERTEBRAL DISC PROLAPSE WITH SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION

The serious disorders of nervous function which may result from central protrusions of the intervertebral disc are exemplified in the thoracic region of the spine where this type of prolapse has acquired -a sinister reputation, and the few cases treated by operation that have so far been reported bear witness to the severe damage that these protrusions inflict on the spinal cord and to the grave hazards attending their surgical removal. Thus, of Muller's (1951) four cases, three were left after operation with a complete or almost complete transection of the cord, and the fourth after a slight temporary improvement also developed a total paraplegia. Of Hawk's (1936) three patients who survived operation, all with severe pre-operative spinal cord damage, one was made worse by, and the other two showed no benefit from, surgery. Mixter and Barr (1934) reported three cases, two of which developed a total transverse lesion and the third eventually showed slight improvement. So of 10 cases of central thoracic disc prolapse treated surgically, six were left with virtually complete cord transection and there was little or no worthwhile improvement in the other four, a unique morbidity rate among benign compression lesions of the cord. It is my purpose to describe a series of 11 cases all proven by operation which does to some extent confirm this grave picture, but also reveals that it is possible to make an accurate pre-operative diagnosis of this type of hemiation and to remove a certain number of these protruding discs not only without further damage to the spinal cord but with almost complete restitution of neurological function.
Overheating risk evaluation of school classrooms

This paper presents a pilot study which considers the overheating risk of classrooms in school buildings. Four schools in Southampton in the South of the UK, constructed during the period of the 1950s- 1980s were used as case study examples. The schools were studied in terms of the parameters or the combination of parameters that may drive classroom overheating. Topographic features, built-up area, urban density, adjacency to roads and parks and other characteristics such as building form and materials were assessed, looking at the urban, building and classroom scale. In addition to this a questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the teachers’ perception of their classrooms’ thermal environment. The survey responses are discussed and compared to the outcomes of the school parameter analysis, also considering the limitations of the survey approach. It was found that gaining an understanding of the occupants’ perception of the thermal conditions in a school’s classrooms is essential for developing recommendations for addressing overheating. The study appears to indicate that individual perception of overheating may outweigh the objective influence of urban design and construction parameters on the indoor thermal conditions.