Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enabling OS Research by Inferring Interactions in the Black-Box GPU Stack

General-purpose GPUs now account for substantial computing power on many platforms, but the management of GPU resources--cycles, memory, bandwidth-- is frequently hidden in black-box libraries, drivers, and devices, outside the control of mainstream OS kernels. We believe that this situation is untenable, and that vendors will eventually expose sufficient information about cross-black-box interactions to enable whole-system resource management. In the meantime, we want to enable research into what that management should look like. We systematize, in this paper, a methodology to uncover the interactions within black-box GPU stacks. The product of this methodology is a state machine that captures interactions as transitions among semantically meaningful states. The uncovered semantics can be of significant help in understanding and tuning application performance. More importantly, they allow the OS kernel to intercept--and act upon--the initiation and completion of arbitrary GPU requests, affording it full control over scheduling and other resource management. While insufficiently robust for production use, our tools open whole new fields of exploration to researchers outside the GPU vendor labs.
Altered Age-Related Blood Pressure Pattern in Type 1 Diabetes

Background—Pulse pressure (PP) increases with age as a result of arterial stiffening and is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular disease. Type 1 diabetes is associated with excessive cardiovascular mortality and increased arterial stiffness. We examined whether the age-related blood pressure changes in type 1 diabetic patients differ from those of the nondiabetic background population. Methods and Results—We performed a cross-sectional, case-control study of 2988 consecutively selected diabetic subjects and 5486 randomly selected nondiabetic control subjects. Blood pressure was measured twice by mercury sphygmomanometry on a single occasion. Compared with controls, diabetic subjects had a higher systolic blood pressure in all age groups, whereas diastolic blood pressure was higher in those <40 years but lower in those >45 years of age. Consequently, diabetic subjects had a higher PP and a higher prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension. The early age-related rise in PP was more pronounced in subjects with diabetic nephropathy but was also evident in diabetic subjects with normal albumin excretion rate. In a multiple regression analysis, PP in diabetic patients was associated with age, male sex, duration of diabetes, and albuminuria. Conclusions—A higher systolic pressure and an earlier decrease in diastolic pressure result in a higher and more rapidly increasing PP in type 1 diabetic patients. Our findings indicate accelerated arterial aging, which may contribute to the higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these patients.
A Multidisciplinary Approach for Generating Globally Consistent Data on Mesophotic, Deep-Pelagic, and Bathyal Biological Communities

Approaches to measuring marine biological parameters remain almost as diverse as the researchers who measure them. However, understanding the patterns of diversity in ocean life over different temporal and geographic scales requires consistent data and information on the potential environmental drivers. As a group of marine scientists from different disciplines, we suggest a formalized, consistent framework of 20 biological, chemical, physical, and socioeconomic parameters that we consider the most important for describing environmental and biological variability. We call our proposed framework the General Ocean Survey and Sampling Iterative Protocol (GOSSIP). We hope that this framework will establish a consistent approach to data collection, enabling further collaboration between marine scientists from different disciplines to advance knowledge of the ocean (deep-sea and mesophotic coral ecosystems).
Fractals in physiology and medicine.

Nonlinear dynamics, a branch of the basic sciences that studies complex physical systems, offers novel approaches to long-standing problems of physiological form and function. The nonlinear concept of fractals, introduced and developed over the last decade, provides insights into the organization of complex structures such as the tracheobronchial tree and heart, as well as into the dynamics of healthy physiological variability. Alterations in fractal scaling may underlie a number of pathophysiological disturbances, including sudden cardiac death syndromes. ImagesFIG. 2FIG. 4
Evidence of calcium(2+)-dependent carbohydrate association through ion spray mass spectrometry

The interactions of the cell-surface carbohydrate, Le x (Gal-β-1→4-(Fuc-α-1→3)-GlcNAc) and the Le x -containing glycosphingolipid, Le x -LacCer, and their analogues were examined by ion spray mass spectrometry. Both Le x and Le x -LacCer complexed the divalent cations, Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ , and Mg 2+ , to form [nLe x +cation 2+ ] 2+ and [nLe x - LacCer+cation 2+ ] 2+ (n=1, 2, or 3) with greater stability observed for the dimer (n=2) relative to the trimer (n=3)
Unexpected patterns of fisheries collapse in the world's oceans

Understanding which species are most vulnerable to human impacts is a prerequisite for designing effective conservation strategies. Surveys of terrestrial species have suggested that large-bodied species and top predators are the most at risk, and it is commonly assumed that such patterns also apply in the ocean. However, there has been no global test of this hypothesis in the sea. We analyzed two fisheries datasets (stock assessments and landings) to determine the life-history traits of species that have suffered dramatic population collapses. Contrary to expectations, our data suggest that up to twice as many fisheries for small, low trophic-level species have collapsed compared with those for large predators. These patterns contrast with those on land, suggesting fundamental differences in the ways that industrial fisheries and land conversion affect natural communities. Even temporary collapses of small, low trophic-level fishes can have ecosystem-wide impacts by reducing food supply to larger fish, seabirds, and marine mammals.
Solving VIsual Madlibs with Multiple Cues

This paper focuses on answering fill-in-the-blank style multiple choice questions from the Visual Madlibs dataset. Previous approaches to Visual Question Answering (VQA) have mainly used generic image features from networks trained on the ImageNet dataset, despite the wide scope of questions. In contrast, our approach employs features derived from networks trained for specialized tasks of scene classification, person activity prediction, and person and object attribute prediction. We also present a method for selecting sub-regions of an image that are relevant for evaluating the appropriateness of a putative answer. Visual features are computed both from the whole image and from local regions, while sentences are mapped to a common space using a simple normalized canonical correlation analysis (CCA) model. Our results show a significant improvement over the previous state of the art, and indicate that answering different question types benefits from examining a variety of image cues and carefully choosing informative image sub-regions.
Source apportionment of aerosol iron in the marine environment using iron isotope analysis

Iron (Fe) is a critical nutrient for phytoplankton. In the open ocean, this demand coupled with scarce supply often makes Fe the limiting factor in phytoplankton growth. The largest source, by mass, of Fe to the open ocean is windblown soil dust, but this Fe is much less soluble than Fe from other aerosol sources. Therefore, to fully understand how Fe reaches this ecosystem, it is necessary to understand the range of sources of aerosol Fe. To do this, we collected size‐segregated aerosol samples from Bermuda and analyzed them to determine their Fe isotope composition. From this analysis, we found clear evidence in the fine size fraction (< 2.5 µm) of an important non‐soil‐dust Fe source. Our isotope analysis of multiple oil and coal fly ashes shows that those materials cannot explain our finding. We suggest biomass burning as the most likely source.
The Asymptotic Form of Cosmic Structure: Small-Scale Power and Accretion History

We explore the effects of small-scale structure on the formation and equilibrium of dark matter halos in a universe dominated by vacuum energy. We present the results of a suite of four N-body simulations, two with a ΛCDM initial power spectrum and two with WDM-like spectra that suppress the early formation of small structures. All simulations are run into the far future when the universe is 64 h-1 Gyr old, long enough for halos to essentially reach dynamical equilibrium. We quantify the importance of hierarchical merging on the halo mass accretion history, the substructure population, and the equilibrium density profile. We modify the mass accretion history function of Wechsler and coworkers by introducing a parameter, γ, that controls the rate of mass accretion, d ln M/d ln a ∝ a-γ, and find that this form characterizes both hierarchical and monolithic formation. Subhalo decay rates are exponential in time with a much shorter timescale for WDM halos. At the end of the simulations, we find truncated Hernquist density profiles for halos in both the CDM and WDM cosmologies. There is a systematic shift to lower concentration for WDM halos, but both cosmologies lie on the same locus relating concentration and formation epoch. Because the form of the density profile remains unchanged, our results indicate that the equilibrium halo density profile is set independently of the halo formation process.
Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Inhibits Inflammation by Preventing Oxidative Fragmentation of Hyaluronan*

Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is expressed at high levels in lungs. EC-SOD has a polycationic matrix-binding domain that binds to polyanionic constituents in the matrix. Previous studies indicate that EC-SOD protects the lung in both bleomycin- and asbestos-induced models of pulmonary fibrosis. Although the mechanism of EC-SOD protection is not fully understood, these studies indicate that EC-SOD plays an important role in regulating inflammatory responses to pulmonary injury. Hyaluronan is a polyanionic high molecular mass polysaccharide found in the extracellular matrix that is sensitive to oxidant-mediated fragmentation. Recent studies found that elevated levels of low molecular mass hyaluronan are associated with inflammatory conditions. We hypothesize that EC-SOD may inhibit pulmonary inflammation in part by preventing superoxide-mediated fragmentation of hyaluronan to low molecular mass fragments. We found that EC-SOD directly binds to hyaluronan and significantly inhibits oxidant-induced degradation of this glycosaminoglycan. In vitro human polymorphic neutrophil chemotaxis studies indicate that oxidative fragmentation of hyaluronan results in polymorphic neutrophil chemotaxis and that EC-SOD can completely prevent this response. Intratracheal injection of crocidolite asbestos in mice leads to pulmonary inflammation and injury that is enhanced in EC-SOD knock-out mice. Notably, hyaluronan levels are increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after asbestos-induced pulmonary injury, and this response is markedly enhanced in EC-SOD knock-out mice. These data indicate that inhibition of oxidative hyaluronan fragmentation probably represents one mechanism by which EC-SOD inhibits inflammation in response to lung injury.
The Phylotype of Thermus from the Rehai Geothermal Area, Tengchong, China

Through enrichment on two nutrient agars, 57 Thermus isolates were recovered from 15 hot spring samples taken from the Rehai geothermal area, Tengchong, China. Unique growth characteristics were observed when the strains were transferred from YIM14 medium to Thermus medium. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 16S rDNA sequences of the isolates and clones from the Rehai geothermal area formed a monophyletic group on the phylogenetic tree. A secondary structure comparison showed that their 16S rRNAs have unique secondary structure characteristics.
Transanal submucosal polyacrylamide gel injection treatment of anal incontinence: a randomized controlled trial

The efficacious and safe use of transurethral injections of polyacrylamide hydrogel (Bulkamid®) in women with stress urinary incontinence suggests that it may be suitable also for treatment of anal incontinence. We aimed to determine the effectiveness and safety of polyacrylamide hydrogel when used as a transanal submucosal bulking agent in women with anal incontinence.
Nuevas fórmulas para la televisión en directo: el uso de Facebook Live en Atresmedia

espanolLas televisiones utilizan las redes sociales para captar audiencias y, a medida que el ambito del Social Media incorpora novedades, estas son adoptadas para conseguir el ansiado objetivo del engagement. El ultimo estadio en esta rapida evolucion es la utilizacion del live streaming, que permite una conexion en directo a traves de un dispositivo movil. Pocos meses despues de lanzarse Facebook Live, Atresmedia lo incorpora a sus diversos perfiles en Facebook, especialmente al de los informativos y al generico de la cadena. Este trabajo se centra en analizar como se usan estos live en ambas cuentas a los largo de marzo de 2017, con el fin de determinar temas, pautas narrativas, lenguaje audiovisual y, en ultima instancia, si existe una estrategia clara en la adopcion del live streaming mediante Facebook. Los resultados de esta investigacion revelan unos criterios bastante definidos, sobre todo en los Facebook Live de la cuenta Antena 3, centrados fundamentalmente en la promocion de determinados programas de entretenimiento (incluyendo lo relacionado con la Champions League). El potencial de estas conexiones para la informacion de actualidad esta menos aprovechado, pero cuando se llevan a cabo consiguen tambien un gran eco en Facebook. EnglishSocial media is used by TV channels to obtain higher ratings and as social media changes and evolves, its innovations are adapted to reach the prized engagement. The latest tendency in this fast evolution is live streaming, which allows a live connection through a simple mobile phone. Just a few months after launching Facebook Live, Atresmedia incorporated it into its different Facebook profiles, especially in the news and in the general profile of the channel. This paper aims, on the one hand, to analyze how live streaming was used in both Facebook accounts during the month of March 2017 and, on the other hand, to determine topics, narrative guidelines, audiovisual language and, as a last resort, if Antena 3 TV has a clear live streaming strategy on Facebook. The results of this research show very well defined criteria, especially on the Antena 3 Facebook account. These criteria are fundamentally centered on the promotion of specific entertainment programs, (including those related to the Champions League). The potential of these connections is not well exploited for news information, but when it is practiced, it reaches a major impact on Facebook.
REPEATABILITY OF AUTOMATED VESSEL DENSITY AND SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP FOVEAL AVASCULAR ZONE AREA MEASUREMENTS USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY: Diurnal Findings

Purpose: To evaluate the repeatability of vessel density and superficial and deep foveal avascular zone measurements using optical coherence tomography angiography, and to specify a diurnal change range. Methods: Forty-six eyes of 25 healthy individuals were included. Optical coherence tomography angiography measurements were planned for three consecutive sessions, with 3 hours in between them. AngioVue software of the RTVue XR Avanti was used. Superficial and deep retinal layer vessel density values, including the whole retina, fovea, and each parafoveal zone, were obtained from the software. The intraclass correlation, coefficient of variation, and coefficient of repeatability were calculated for each parameter. Results: The whole image intraclass correlation value was 0.81 for the superficial and 0.86 for the deep layer among the three consecutive sessions. The smallest real difference (coefficient of repeatability) value of whole image measurements was 7.72% for the superficial and 9.84% for the deep retinal layer. Foveal avascular zone area intraclass correlation value was 0.97 for the superficial and 0.83 for the deep retinal layer. Conclusion: The optical coherence tomography angiography analysis provides quantitative data about the retinal microvasculature, which could be used to distinguish between normal and pathology. Changes in superficial vessel density >8% and deep vessel density >10% may be considered as real clinical change rather than variation.
Improving Models of Slipping, Guessing, and Moment-By-Moment Learning with Estimates of Skill Difficulty

Over the past several years, several extensions to Bayesian knowledge tracing have been proposed in order to improve predictions of students’ in-tutor and post-test performance. One such extension is Contextual Guess and Slip, which incorporates machine-learned models of students’ guess and slip behaviors in order to enhance the overall model’s predictive performance [Baker et al. 2008a]. Similar machine learning approaches have been introduced in order to detect specific problem-solving steps during which students most likely learned particular skills [Baker, Goldstein, and Heffernan in press]. However, one important class of features that have not been considered in machine learning models used in these two techniques is metrics of item and skill difficulty, a key type of feature in other assessment frameworks [e.g Hambleton, Swaminathan, & Rogers, 1991; Pavlik, Cen, & Koedinger 2009]. In this paper, a set of engineered features that quantify skill difficulty and related skill-level constructs are investigated in terms of their ability to improve models of guessing, slipping, and detecting moment-by-moment learning. Supervised machine learning models that have been trained using the new skill-difficulty features are compared to models from the original contextual guess and slip and moment-by-moment learning detector work. This includes performance comparisons for predicting students’ in-tutor responses, as well as post-test responses, for a pair of Cognitive Tutor data sets.
The effect of sublingual misoprostol versus intravenous oxytocin in reducing bleeding after caesarean section

Summary In this study, 100 singleton pregnant women underwent a caesarean delivery under general anaesthesia and were studied in terms of postpartum bleeding using oxytocin or misoprostol. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. One group received two tabs of misoprostol 200 μg sublingually and the second group took intravenous infusion of 20 units of oxytocin at the rate of 10 cc/min immediately after delivery until full contraction of the uterine. The amount of blood loss was lower in misoprostol group comparing with oxytocin group (608.91 ml vs 673.9 ml) (p = 0.048) and this difference was statistically significant. The need to give additional oxytocin therapy in oxytocin group (36%) was significantly higher than misoprostol group (14%) (p = 0.032). It seems that the efficacy of sublingual misoprostol is equivalent to that of low dose intravenous oxytocin in reducing postpartum haemorrhage at caesarean section. Misoprostol has some other advantages like long shelf -life, stability at room temperature and oral use.
A measurement-based admission-controlled Web server

Current HTTP servers process requests using a first-come first-serve queuing policy. What this implies is that the WWW server must process each request as it arrives. The result is that the more requests a client makes, the more replies the server will generate in response. Unfortunately, the bandwidth of the network and the processing capabilities of the server are often limited resulting in an aggressive client, or sets of clients, consuming the majority of the server's resources, limiting other clients' ability to use their fair allocation. While the traditional behavior of a Web server works efficiently for a Web site that is non-discriminating towards all clients, guaranteeing service for preferred clients from the server itself is not yet possible. This paper describes the algorithm we have designed and implemented on the Apache HTTP server, which has been shown to be effective in allocating configurable fixed percentages of bandwidth across numerous simultaneous clients, independent of the aggressiveness of the clients' requests.
Two-view contactless fingerprint acquisition systems: A case study for clay artworks

The detection of latent fingerprints can be a great aid in determining the authenticity of ancient artworks. In fact, a commonly used technique for the authentication of artworks consists in the comparison of fingerprints present on the surface of an artifact with other available latent fingerprints of an artist. This kind of analysis is particularly important for the authentication of clay artifacts. The clay, in fact, is often modeled barehanded, causing a great number of fingerprints left on the surface. In many cases, the artworks are very valuable or fragile and the latent fingerprints cannot be acquired using classical forensic methods. For this reason, contactless acquisition techniques have been proposed. Most of these techniques are based on the use of a single camera. In single-view acquisition systems, however, it can be difficult to properly estimate the size of the captured area, the obtained images can suffer from problems related to perspective distortions, and a calibration task cannot be performed in all the cases. In this paper, we propose a two-view acquisition system able to capture the latent fingerprints left on a clay artwork, and to compute their three-dimensional metric reconstruction. The obtained results show that the proposed approach is feasible and the reconstructed models provide a metric, view-independent, and less-distorted reconstruction of the fingerprint. In particular, we describe the application of the proposed method on a specific clay artwork associated by experts to the famous sculptor Antonio Canova (Italy, 1757-1822).
Experience of Developing a Meta-semantic Search Engine

Thinking of today's web search scenario which is mainly keyword based, leads to the need of effective and meaningful search provided by Semantic Web. Existing search engines are vulnerable to provide relevant answers to users query due to their dependency on simple data available in web pages. On other hand, semantic search engines provide efficient and relevant results as the semantic web manages information with well defined meaning using ontology. A Meta-Search engine is a search tool that forwards users query to several existing search engines and provides combined results by using their own page ranking algorithm. SemanTelli is a meta-semantic search engine that fetches results from different semantic search engines such as Hakia, DuckDuckGo, SenseBot through intelligent agents. This paper proposes enhancement of SemanTelli with improved snippet analysis based page ranking algorithm and support for image and news search.
Oxynoemacheilus ciceki, new nemacheilid species (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae) from the Sultan Marsh, Kayseri Province, Turkey

A new species of nemacheilid fish, Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n. is described from the Sultan Marsh, Kayseri Province, Turkey. The species differs from its congeners in the combination of the following characters: flank yellowish brown or pale gray with irregular spot; cheeks with numerous tiny spots; lacking scale; thinner caudal peduncle; complete lateral line; 4 central and 4 lateral pores in the supra-temporal canal; lower lip thick with a deep median interruption and marked furrows and small median incision in upper lip.