Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Matched Sizes of Activating and Inhibitory Receptor/Ligand Pairs Are Required for Optimal Signal Integration by Human Natural Killer Cells

It has been suggested that receptor-ligand complexes segregate or co-localise within immune synapses according to their size, and this is important for receptor signaling. Here, we set out to test the importance of receptor-ligand complex dimensions for immune surveillance of target cells by human Natural Killer (NK) cells. NK cell activation is regulated by integrating signals from activating receptors, such as NKG2D, and inhibitory receptors, such as KIR2DL1. Elongating the NKG2D ligand MICA reduced its ability to trigger NK cell activation. Conversely, elongation of KIR2DL1 ligand HLA-C reduced its ability to inhibit NK cells. Whereas normal-sized HLA-C was most effective at inhibiting activation by normal-length MICA, only elongated HLA-C could inhibit activation by elongated MICA. Moreover, HLA-C and MICA that were matched in size co-localised, whereas HLA-C and MICA that were different in size were segregated. These results demonstrate that receptor-ligand dimensions are important in NK cell recognition, and suggest that optimal integration of activating and inhibitory receptor signals requires the receptor-ligand complexes to have similar dimensions.
Regional Study of Nutritional Status of Urban Primary Schoolchildren. 3. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

A total of 5,995 children (7.8% of all 7- to 10-year-old primary schoolchildren in Kuala Lumpur), randomly selected from 166 schools (97.6% of all schools), were measured for their weight and height. the analyses of all weight and height data, including the cutoffs used for defining stunting, underweight, and wasting and for thinness and overweight, were carried out as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). the prevalences of stunting (height-for-age Z score < −2 SD), underweight (weight-for-age Z score < −2 SD) and wasting (weight-for-height Z score < −2 SD) among all the children studied were 6.7%, 7.1%, and 4.5%, respectively. Undernutrition among boys was more serious than among girls according to all three indicators. Because it was not possible to analyze the weight-for-height data for most of the children above 8.5 years of age, body mass index (BMI)-for-age was used to determine the prevalences of thinness and overweight for all the children. Based on the reference data, the prevalence of overweight (at or above the 95th percentile) was 9.7% and 7.1% for boys and girls, respectively, and 8.4% overall.
eview estosterone and breast cancer prevention

Testosterone (T) is the most abundant biologically active hormone in women. Androgen receptors (AR) are located throughout the body including the breast where T decreases tissue proliferation. However, T can be aromatized to estradiol (E2), which increases proliferation and hence, breast cancer (BCA) risk. Increased aromatase expression and an imbalance in the ratio of stimulatory estrogens to protective androgens impacts breast homeostasis. Recent clinical data supports a role for T in BCA prevention. Women with symptoms of hormone estosterone reast cancer revention romatase nastrozole deficiency treated with pharmacological doses of T alone or in combination with anastrozole (A), delivered by subcutaneous implants, had a reduced incidence of BCA. In addition, T combined with A effectively treated symptoms of hormone deficiency in BCA survivors and was not associated with recurrent disease. Most notably, T + A implants placed in breast tissue surrounding malignant tumors significantly reduced BCA tumor size, further supporting T direct antiproliferative, protective and therapeutic effect. herapy © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Nitride-based LEDs with n/sup -/-GaN current spreading layers

Nitride-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with n/sup -/-GaN current spreading layers were proposed and fabricated. With a 0.1-/spl mu/m-thick n/sup -/-GaN current spreading layer, it was found that the output power could be enhanced by 35% without increasing the operation voltage of the LEDs at 20 mA. In addition, implementing the n/sup -/-GaN current spreading layer also significantly improved the electrostatic discharge characteristics of nitride-based LEDs.
Long-term memory in children with epilepsy

Autobiographical memory involves the recall of personal facts (semantic memory) and re-experiencing of specific personal events (episodic memory). Although impairments in autobiographical memory have been found in adults with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and attributed to compromised hippocampal integrity, it is not yet known whether this occurs in children with TLE. In the current study, 21 children with TLE and 24 healthy controls of comparable age, sex, and socioeconomic status were administered the Children’s Autobiographical Interview. Compared to controls, children with TLE recalled fewer episodic details, but only when no retrieval prompts were provided. There was no difference between the groups for semantic autobiographic details. Interestingly, the number of episodic details recalled increased significantly from 6 to 16 years of age in healthy control children, but not in children with TLE. Exploratory analyses revealed that, within the group of children with TLE, epilepsy factors, including presence or absence of structural hippocampal abnormalities, did not relate to the richness of episodic recall. Our results provide first evidence of autobiographical episodic memory deficits in children with TLE. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–11)
Developmental Neurotoxicants in E-Waste: An Emerging Health Concern

Objective Electronic waste (e-waste) has been an emerging environmental health issue in both developed and developing countries, but its current management practice may result in unintended developmental neurotoxicity in vulnerable populations. To provide updated information about the scope of the issue, presence of known and suspected neurotoxicants, toxicologic mechanisms, and current data gaps, we conducted this literature review. Data sources We reviewed original articles and review papers in PubMed and Web of Science regarding e-waste toxicants and their potential developmental neurotoxicity. We also searched published reports of intergovernmental and governmental agencies and nongovernmental organizations on e-waste production and management practice. Data extraction We focused on the potential exposure to e-waste toxicants in vulnerable populations—that is, pregnant women and developing children—and neurodevelopmental outcomes. In addition, we summarize experimental evidence of developmental neurotoxicity and mechanisms. Data synthesis In developing countries where most informal and primitive e-waste recycling occurs, environmental exposure to lead, cadmium, chromium, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is prevalent at high concentrations in pregnant women and young children. Developmental neurotoxicity is a serious concern in these regions, but human studies of adverse effects and potential mechanisms are scarce. The unprecedented mixture of exposure to heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants warrants further studies and necessitates effective pollution control measures. Conclusions Pregnant women and young children living close to informal e-waste recycling sites are at risk of possible perturbations of fetus and child neurodevelopment.
Overview of NTCIR-11 Temporal Information Access (Temporalia) Task

This paper describes the overview of NTCIR-11 Temporal Information Access (Temporalia) task. This pilot task aims to foster research in temporal aspects of information retrieval and search. Temporalia is composed of two subtasks: Temporal Query Intent Classication (TQIC) and Temporal Information Retrieval (TIR) subtask. TQIC attracted 6 teams which submitted a total of 17 runs, while 6 teams took part in TIR proposing 18 runs. In this paper we describe both subtasks, datasets, evaluation methods and results of meta analyses.
An ACM-W literature review on women in computing

The pipeline shrinkage problem for women in computer science is a well-known and documented phenomenon where the ratio of women to men involved in computing shrinks dramatically from early student years to working years [19, 22, 23, 32, 42, 93, 112], also see this issue [24]. During the last decade, considerable research ensued to understand the reasons behind the existence of the shrinking pipeline and in some cases to take action to increase the numbers of women in computing. Through the work of a National Science Foundation funded project [56], ACM's Committee on Women in Computing (ACM-W) has taken a first step towards pulling this research together. A large number of articles was gathered and processed on the topic of women in computing and the shrinking pipeline. The committee created a publicly available online database to organize the references of this body of work by topic, author, and reference information. The database, constantly being updated, is accessible through ACM-W's website ⟨http://www.acm. org/women⟩. A final report is also available via the ACM-W website which covers current statistics on women in computing, summaries of the literature in the database, and a set of recommendations.The following discussion is a brief synopsis of a subset of the literature review as of August 2001. In addition, you can find statistics on women in computing and recommendations throughout this special issue.
Cognitive and behavioral problems in children with neurofibromatosis type 1: challenges and future directions

Cognitive and behavioral disorders affect nearly 80% of all children with the neurofibromatosis type 1 inherited cancer syndrome, and are among the most significant clinical manifestations for patients and their families. One of the barriers to successful therapeutic intervention is the wide spectrum of clinical phenotypic expression, ranging from visuospatial learning problems to social perceptual deficits (autism). Leveraging numerous small-animal models of neurofibromatosis type 1, several promising targets have been identified to treat the learning, attention, and autism spectrum phenotypes in this at-risk population. In this review, we provide an up-to-date summary of our current understanding of these disorders in NF1, and propose future research directions aimed at designing more effective therapeutic approaches and clinical trials.
Radio Frequency - Micro-Electro Mechanical System Switches for Wireless Communication

This paper deals with the RF-MEMS switches importance in the wireless communication system. Also explains the dominance of RF-Switch over existing devices like PIN Diodes and Field-Effect-Transistors with power, isolation, size, insertion loss, and how Pull-in voltage affects on the tip deflection of the switch; and how they can be effectively used for future Smart technology Applications.
Frontal Cortical and Left Temporal Glutamatergic Dysfunction in Schizophrenia

Abstract: Glutamatergic mechanisms have been investigated in postmortem brain samples from schizophrenics and controls. D‐[3H]Aspartate binding to glutamate uptake sites was used as a marker for glutamatergic neurones, and [3H]kainate binding for a subclass of postsynaptic glutamate receptors. There were highly significant increases in the binding of both ligands to membranes from orbital frontal cortex on both the left and right sides of schizophrenic brains. The changes are unlikely to be due to antemortem neuroleptic drug treatment, because no similar changes were recorded in other areas. A predicted left‐sided reduction in D‐[3H]aspartate binding was refuted at 5% probability, but not at 10%. Previously reported high concentrations of dopamine in left amygdala were strongly associated with low concentrations of D‐[3H]aspartate binding in left polar temporal cortex in the schizophrenics. The findings are compatible with an overabundant glutamatergic innervation of orbital frontal cortex in schizophrenia. The results also suggest that schizophrenia may involve left‐sided abnormalities in the relationship between temporal glutamatergic and dopaminergic projections to amygdala.
Essential Elements in Early Intervention: Visual Impairment and Multiple Disabilities

Supporting Play in Early Childhood: Environment, Curriculum, AssessmentReach Out and TeachTeaching Life DifferentlySpecial Education for Young Learners with DisabilitiesEarly Childhood InterventionEssential Elements of High Performing, High Quality Part C Systems. NECTAC NotesContemporary Perspectives on Socialization and Social Development in Early Childhood EducationEncyclopedia of Special EducationDisaster Mental Health InterventionsInternational Terrorism and Threats to SecurityEssential Elements in Early Intervention: Visual Impairment and Multiple Disabilities, Second EditionEssential Elements for Assessing Infants and Preschoolers with Special NeedsSpecialist Mental Healthcare for Children and AdolescentsThe Exceptional Child: Inclusion in Early Childhood EducationCommunity Mental Health TeamsAssessment of Young Developmentally Disabled ChildrenEarly Childhood and Special EducationEssential Elements for Assessing Infants and Preschoolers with Special NeedsFoundations of Low VisionFunctional VisionEarly Intervention for Trauma and Traumatic LossInfant and Early Childhood Mental HealthResources in EducationStrategies for Including Children with Special Needs in Early Childhood SettingsEarly Intervention in PsychiatryEncyclopedia of Special EducationA Parents' Guide to Special Education for Children with Visual ImpairmentsEncyclopedia of DisabilityPositive Child GuidanceUnderstanding Education for the Visually ImpairedLearning to Listen/listening to LearnAn Introduction to Young Children With Special NeedsTactile Strategies for Children who Have Visual Impairments and Multiple DisabilitiesChildren and Young People's Mental HealthIdentifying Essential Elements of ChangeEarly Childhood Education and CareHandbook of Early Literacy ResearchVisual Development, Diagnosis, and Treatment of the Pediatric PatientLearning through TouchSIDS Sudden infant and early childhood death POSITIVE CHILD GUIDANCE, Eighth Edition, is ideal for guidance, behavior management and discipline, and classroom management courses in an early childhood education curriculum. This practical book outlines workable steps for creating a cooperative, respectful community of children and adults with special emphasis on sensitivity to cultural needs, cultural differences, and developmentally appropriate practice. Students will learn a range of
Adaptation and evaluation of the Randox full‐range CRP assay on the Olympus AU2700®

The implementation of a high‐sensitivity CRP (hs‐CRP) assay as a routine laboratory parameter may be necessary. A single CRP method that could yield reliable results for the whole concentration range (0.1–200 mg/L) would be the most practical solution for the laboratory setting. The aim of this study was to assess the Randox full‐range CRP assay on the Olympus AU2700® biochemistry analyzer and evaluate its analytical performance on serum and heparin plasma samples. The Randox CRP turbidimetric assay was compared with the existing CRP assay used routinely on the Olympus AU2700®. The analytical performance of the Randox CRP with both Olympus CRP reagents (CRP for normal application andhs‐CRP) was good. We found that the Randox CRP method in the range of 0.5–160 mg/L was closely correlated to the Olympus CRP and hs‐CRP for serum samples. According to a Bland‐Altman analysis, the serum and heparinized samples showed an excellent agreement in CRP concentrations throughout the entire range (mean difference = −0.035 ± 1.806 mg/L) as well as in CRP levels <10 mg/L. Our data indicate that Randox full‐range CRP measurements using an immunoturbidimetry assay on Olympus systems perform as well for routine diagnostics as other high‐sensitivity applications using serum or heparin plasma. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 21:34–39, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultra low-power smart medical sensor node for in-body Biomonitoring

New advances in biosensor and electronic technologies will merge in new health assistance paradigms strongly based on the remote Biomonitoring. Biomedical circuit and systems have much to say on this, as for example the central venous catheters (CVC). Central venous catheters are commonly used in clinical practice to improve a patient's quality of life. Nevertheless, there remains a large risk of infection associated with microbial biofilm (about 80% of all human bacterial infections). The standardization bodies, the radiofrequency devices and the biosensor technology are taking their positions, and the integration of all that effort is the work proposed in this paper. An ultra-low power active medical implant is presented for in-body monitoring of Electrical Bioimpedances (EBI) based sensors. A detailed and exhaustive lifetime evaluation has been done based on two typical monitoring parameters: the frequency of the internal sensor measuring and the frequency of external communication requests. The results show up to 20 months lifetime powered with a 50mA coin-cell battery.
La ricerca empirica in educazione: questioni aperte

Currently facing the issue of empirical research in education is about being faced with a reality decades and a number of open questions. It is these issues that focuses the attention of the author. This is because it is impossible to develop a rigorously scientific discourse on the recent past empirical research in education in Italy because of lack of analytical studies for reconstruction of the processes so far developed. And also because we are in the midst of a transition, characterized to speeches by the presence of a culture able to problematize the history of education. The author follows the suggestion made effective by Rorty and tries to promote the conversation as a method for keeping an open dialogue within the research community is the condition necessary to fertilize the culture of research.
Fault-Based Interface Testing Between Real-Time Operating System and Application

Testing interfaces of an embedded system is important since the heterogeneous layers such as hardware, OS and application are tightly coupled. We propose the mutation operators in three respects, 'When? ', 'Where? ' and 'How? ' in order to inject a fault into RTOS program when testing interface between RTOS and application. Injecting a fault without affecting the RTOS in run-time environment is the core of proposed mutation operators. We apply the mutation operators to interface testing during the integration of RTOS and application in the industrial programmable logic controller.
Investigation of Cross-Show Speaker Diarization

The goal of cross-show diarization is to index speech segments of speakers from a set of shows, with the particular challenge that reappearing speakers across shows have to be labeled with the same speaker identity. In this paper, we introduce three cross-show diarization systems namely Global-BIC-Seg, Global-BIC-Cluster, and Incremental. We compared the three systems on a set of 46 English scientific podcast shows. Among the three systems, the Global-BIC-Cluster achieves the best performance with 15.53% and 13.21% cross-show diarization error rate (DER) on the dev and test set, respectively. However, an incremental approach is more practical since data and shows are typically collected over time. By applying T-Norm on our incremental system, we obtain 13.18% and 10.97% relative improvements in terms of cross-show DER on dev and test set. We also investigate the impact of the show processing order on cross-show diarization for the incremental system. Index Terms: speaker diarization, cross-show diarization, conversational podcast shows
Halofuginone-coated urethral catheters prevent periurethral spongiofibrosis in a rat model of urethral injury.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Urethral strictures are from periurethral spongiofibrosis that develops as a result of urethral trauma, disease, or iatrogenic injury. The spongy tissue that surrounds the strictured urethra has an altered ratio of collagen, with increased collagen type I relative to type III. We evaluated the ability of a urethral catheter that was coated with halofuginone (HF), a potent type I collagen inhibitor, to prevent spongiofibrosis formation in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS HF was coated on silicone catheters and release kinetics were measured. Success of impregnation was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy, serial weights, and drug elution data. Urethral strictures were induced in rats using electrocautery. Half the animals had placement of an HF-coated catheter while the others had uncoated silicone controls. Animals were sacrificed at predetermined time points, and urethral tissue was either processed for staining with Masson trichrome and anti-alpha-1 collagen or digested to determine HF concentration. Serum drug levels were also determined in treated animals. Slides were graded by a pathologist who was blinded to treatment to determine collagen deposition. RESULTS HF was coated successfully on silicone catheters. Local urethral concentration of HF was tenfold higher than serum concentration in treated rats. Animals with HF-coated catheters had no new type I collagen deposition after urethral injury. Control animals had increased periurethral collagen type I deposition, typical of urethral stricture formation. CONCLUSIONS HF can be coated successfully on silicone catheters. HF successfully inhibits periurethral type I collagen deposition after urethral injury. This may become an important therapy to prevent urethral stricture formation or recurrence after endoscopic therapy.
Aspectos conceituais e metodológicos de redes sociais e sua influência no estudo de fluxos de informação

As ligacoes e interacoes propiciadas pelas redes sociais permitem compreender como ocorrem os fluxos de informacao entre individuos e instituicoes que unem esforcos na busca de metas comuns. O artigo apresenta aspectos conceituais sobre redes e redes sociais ressaltando que a estrutura e as relacoes de interacao e intermediacao entre os elos da rede impulsionam mudancas nos fluxos de informacao. Descreve a metodologia de Analise de Redes Sociais (ARS) sinalizando como esta pode ser utilizada na area da Ciencia da Informacao para compreender os fluxos de informacao que se configuram e re-configuram nas redes sociais a partir da estrutura de relacionamento.
Seroepidemiological Study on SARS-CoV IgG Antibodies of Different Populations from Several Areas

Objective: In order to investigate the clinical and epidemiological rules of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), rates and levels SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) IgG antibodies of the patients and community populations from several areas were detected. Methods: Indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) and double-antigen sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the SARS coronavirus-specific IgG antibodies in sera of 1700, including 1453 general populations from Hongkong, Marco, Guangzhou and Peking and 257 SARS patients from Guangzhou and Peking. The dynamics of the serum antibodies of SARS patients were observed from 3 to 360 days after onset of symptoms. Results: 90% of 257 patient serum specimens after 20 days of disease onset showed positive SARS-CoV IgG either using ELISA or IFA. 257 SARS patients, antibodies titers increased steadily in early 4 to 6 months after onset of SARS. The titers of most cases came to the peak in the 6th month. then antibodies titers declined rapidly in some cases. However, all specimens still were positive for SARS-CoV IgG in the 48th month. Conclusions: This study suggest that few inapparent infectious patients exist during SARS epidemic. Serum IgG antibodies has diagnostic value for SARS in the late course of disease and the antibodies present more than 48 months.