Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hemopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Steroid Ablation following Allogeneic Enhanced Immune Reconstitution by Sex

Delayed immune reconstitution in adult recipients of allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT) is related to age-induced thymic atrophy. Overcoming this paucity of T cell function is a major goal of clinical research but in the context of allogeneic transplants, any strategy must not exacerbate graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) yet ideally retain graft-vs-tumor (GVT) effects. We have shown sex steroid ablation reverses thymic atrophy and enhances T cell recovery in aged animals and in congenic bone marrow (BM) transplant but the latter does not have the complications of allogeneic T cell reactivity. We have examined whether sex steroid ablation promoted hemopoietic and T cell recovery following allogeneic HSCT and whether this beneﬁt was negated by enhanced GVHD. BM and thymic cell numbers were signiﬁcantly increased at 14 and 28 days after HSCT in castrated mice compared with sham-castrated controls. In the thymus, the numbers of donor-derived thymocytes and dendritic cells were signiﬁcantly increased after HSCT and castration; donor-derived BM precursors and developing B cells were also signiﬁcantly increased. Importantly, despite restoring T cell function, sex steroid inhibition did not exacerbate the development of GVHD or ameliorate GVT activity. Finally, IL-7 treatment in combination with castration had an additive effect on thymic cellularity following HSCT. These results indicate that sex steroid ablation can profoundly enhance thymic
I Was Therefore I Am: Creating Self-Continuity Through Remembering Our Personal Past

Beginning at least in adolescence, humans are unique from other animals in the combination of having a conscious, reflective self and being aware of their movement through chronological time. Together, these create the need to maintain a sense of self-continuity across the lifespan. We review theory and research from the autobiographical memory and reminiscence literatures, arguing that maintaining self-continuity is a central function of remembering the personal past. A two-level conceptual model of self-continuity is proposed that acknowledges both the passage of chronological time in human lives and the malleability of retrospective views of one’s past. In presenting this model, we aim to ignite further research on the central roles played by reminiscence and autobiographical memory processes in maintaining and re-forging self-continuity over time. Such research is significant given the essential place of self-continuity in human adaptation and thriving.
LA EMPLEABILIDAD: UNA COMPETENCIA PERSONAL Y UNA RESPONSABILIDAD SOCIAL

La empleabilidad puede definirse actualmente como la competencia que posee una persona para disenar su carrera profesional, acceder al mercado de trabajo y gestionar su propio desarrollo laboral con acierto y satisfaccion. Como sucede con todas las competencias, la competencia para la empleabilidad debera ponerse de manifiesto en un contexto determinado y perfeccionarse durante toda la vida laboral del sujeto, si bien su aprendizaje y desarrollo comenzara desde temprana edad. Por tratarse de una competencia la empleabilidad incluye aspectos relativos al saber, al saber hacer y al saber ser-estar. No obstante, hemos de matizar que, aunque la empleabilidad constituya una competencia personal, todos los agentes sociales, especialmente los vinculados a la educacion y al ambito laboral, son responsables de potenciar su aprendizaje y de favorecer normas, procesos y sistemas facilitadores de la misma, sobre todo en el contexto actual de crisis, desempleo y globalizacion. Este articulo tiene por objetivo presentar el concepto, la importancia y el sentido actual de la competencia para la empleabilidad, describir su contenido y esclarecer la responsabilidad de los diferentes agentes sociales.
Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cystic Lesions of the Pancreas

Although little is known on the true prevalence of pancreatic cysts, physicians are currently more frequently confronted with pancreatic cysts because of the increasing use of sophisticated cross-sectional abdominal imaging. Cystic lesions of the pancreas comprise of a heterogeneous group of diagnostic entities, some of which are benign such as inflammatory pseudocysts or serous cystadenomas and do not require resection when asymptomatic. Others like mucinous cysts or intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) have a malignant potential and in these cases surgical resection is often indicated. For this reason an adequate distinction between the various cysts is crucial to optimize management strategy. Different diagnostic methods that could be of value in the differentiation include radiologic imaging techniques such as CT, MR, and endosonography. In addition, fluid aspiration for cytopathology, tumormarkers or molecular analysis is widely used. Different guidelines are available but so far no optimal diagnostic algorithm exists. We summarize the epidemiology, classification, clinical presentation, diagnostics, management, and future perspectives.
Defective microglial development in the hippocampus of Cx3cr1 deficient mice

Microglial cells participate in brain development and influence neuronal loss and synaptic maturation. Fractalkine is an important neuronal chemokine whose expression increases during development and that can influence microglia function via the fractalkine receptor, CX3CR1. Mice lacking Cx3cr1 show a variety of neuronal defects thought to be the result of deficient microglia function. Activation of CX3CR1 is important for the proper migration of microglia to sites of injury and into the brain during development. However, little is known about how fractalkine modulates microglial properties during development. Here we examined microglial morphology, response to ATP, and K+ current properties in acute brain slices from Cx3cr1 knockout mice across postnatal hippocampal development. We found that fractalkine signaling is necessary for the development of several morphological and physiological features of microglia. Specifically, we found that the occurrence of an outward rectifying K+ current, typical of activated microglia, that peaked during the second and third postnatal week, was reduced in Cx3cr1 knockout mice. Fractalkine signaling also influenced microglial morphology and ability to extend processes in response to ATP following its focal application to the slice. Our results reveal the developmental profile of several morphological and physiological properties of microglia and demonstrate that these processes are modulated by fractalkine signaling.
The Odd-Even Turn Model for Adaptive Routing

This paper presents a model for designing adaptive wormhole routing algorithms for meshes without virtual channels. The model restricts the locations where some turns can be taken so that deadlock is avoided. In comparison with previous methods, the degree of routing adaptiveness provided by the model is more even for different source-destination pairs. The mesh network may benefit from this feature in terms of communication efficiency. Simulation results show that the even adaptiveness provided by the odd-even turn model makes message routing less vulnerable to nonuniform factors such as hot spot traffic. In addition, this property results in a smaller fluctuation of the network performance with respect to different traffic patterns.
5-hydroxymethylcytosine

DNA methylation at the 5 position of cytosine (5-mC) has emerged as a key epigenetic marker that plays essential roles in various biological and pathological processes. 5-mC can be converted to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) by the ten–eleven translocation (TET) family proteins, which is now widely recognized as the “sixth base” in the mammalian genome, following 5-mC, the “fifth base”. 5-hmC is detected to be abundant in brain and embryonic stem cells, and is also distributed in many different human tissues. Emerging evidence has shown that 5-hmC and TET family might serve unique biological roles in many biological processes such as gene control mechanisms, DNA methylation regulation, and involved in many diseases, especially cancers. In this paper we provide an overview of the role of 5-hmC as a new sight of epigenetics in human cancer.
An Unsupervised Approach to Discovering and Disambiguating Social Media Profiles

Social media in the last decade has become a popular communication mechanism on the web. Sites like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube are seeing enormous growth. It is important to understand the trends of this new type of media for many reasons including identity theft, social engineering, advertising and digital preservation. Some data sets have been made available to the public such as the tweets from Twitter, alternately data can be scraped from the open web. However, to ascertain trends from a group of individuals such as employees of a business, or students of a university, there is no way, without asking each individual member, what social media sites they use. Within this paper, we present a detailed approach to gaining this type of information. Specifically, for a group of geographically and organizationally affiliated members, we present an unsupervised approach that can discover and disambiguate social media profiles with a precision of 0.863 and an F-measure of 0.654.
Clinical Value of the Malnutrition-Inflammation-Atherosclerosis Syndrome for Long-Term Prediction of Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease: A 5-Year Prospective Study

Background/Aim: Mortality resulting from cardiovascular disease in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is high. In this study we sought to investigate the clinical value of the malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome for long-term prediction of cardiovascular mortality in patients treated with ESRD. Methods: A total of 42 ESRD patients on hemodialysis were enrolled. Inflammatory markers and nutritional parameters were determined. Carotid atherosclerosis was investigated by ultrasonographically evaluated carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). Mortality was evaluated at a 5-year follow-up. Results: No correlation was evident between nutritional markers and inflammatory indexes. cIMT was inversely correlated with predialysis serum albumin. In the overall population of 42 patients, 11 (26.2%) died of cardiovascular causes during follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicate that cIMT (≧0.9 mm), C-reactive protein (CRP) (>1 mg/dl), and serum albumin (<3.5 g/dl) predict cardiovascular death in patients with ESRD. Conclusions: We have demonstrated that cIMT, CRP and serum albumin predict long-term mortality in ERSD patients. Our study suggests that further investigation of the MIA syndrome will provide insights into the susceptibility to CVD in this patient group.
Frizzled to finance: one PhD’s path from a Drosophila lab to Wall Street

An equity research analyst’s job is to determine whether the price of a stock is likely to go up or down. For science-based businesses, particularly biotechnology companies, a PhD in the life sciences can be very helpful in making this determination. I transitioned from a postdoc position to working in equity research. Here I present information on how I made the transition, an overview of the day-to-day activities of an analyst, and thoughts on how to prepare to look for a job in finance. There are significant positives to working on Wall Street, including exposure to cutting-edge clinical/translational research, access to some of the best scientists in the world, a dynamic work environment, and compensation that generally exceeds academic salaries. This comes at the cost of some independence and the satisfaction of being able to call oneself a scientist.
Community Structure of Coral Reefs on Opposite Sides of the Isthmus of Panama

Competition for space amon reef corals includes interspecific destruction by extracoelenteric digestion. , rapid growth. and Overtopping. No Caribbean species excela in all strategies, and on western Caribbean coral reefs there is a positive correlation between coral abudance and diversity. On eastern Pacific coral reefs, however. Pocillopora damicornis excludes other corals, and on these reefs there is an inverse relation between coral abundance and diversity, except in areas where distrubances, such as Acanthaster predation offset space monopolization.
Domain Layout Language Prop Fun Prop Fun Functions Dependencies AG compiler Solution Tree traversals

We develop algorithms for expressing, verifying and implementing document layout languages. To simplify specification and enable reuse of components, we use relational specifications. Relying on relations, rather than on functions, we free the designer from having to reason about the mechanics of how the layout will be computed. We verify layout languages by proving that all documents in the language will have unambiguous layout. To ease implementation of layout languages, we synthesize a fast propagation layout engine. Our approach relies on recent work for synthesizing functions from relations. We extend the work by making the synthesizer modular, improving scalability when the relational constraint system is naturally modular. We show empirically that layout languages are modular, but our modular synthesizer may be applicable also in other domains. We validate the algorithms on three case studies.
HIV-1-Specific Memory CD4+ T Cells Are Phenotypically Less Mature Than Cytomegalovirus-Specific Memory CD4+ T Cells 1

HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells are qualitatively dysfunctional in the majority of HIV-1-infected individuals and are thus unable to effectively control viral replication. The current study extensively details the maturational phenotype of memory CD4+ T cells directed against HIV-1 and CMV. We find that HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells are skewed to an early central memory phenotype, whereas CMV-specific CD4+ T cells generally display a late effector memory phenotype. These differences hold true for both IFN-γ- and IL-2-producing virus-specific CD4+ T cells, are present during all disease stages, and persist even after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). In addition, after HAART, HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells are enriched for CD27+CD28−-expressing cells, a rare phenotype, reflecting an early intermediate stage of differentiation. We found no correlation between differentiation phenotype of HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells and HIV-1 plasma viral load or HIV-1 disease progression. Surprisingly, HIV-1 viral load affected the maturational phenotype of CMV-specific CD4+ T cells toward an earlier, less-differentiated state. In summary, our data indicate that the maturational state of HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells cannot be a sole explanation for loss of containment of HIV-1. However, HIV-1 replication can affect the phenotype of CD4+ T cells of other specificities, which might adversely affect their ability to control those pathogens. The role for HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells expressing CD27+CD28− after HAART remains to be determined.
DISCOVERY OF A BINARY BROWN DWARF AT 2 pc FROM THE SUN

I am using multi-epoch astrometry from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) to search for new members of the solar neighborhood via their high proper motions. Through this work, I have identified WISE J104915.57−531906.1 as a high proper motion object and have found additional detections in images from the Digitized Sky Survey, the Two Micron All-Sky Survey, and the Deep Near-Infrared Survey of the Southern Sky. I have measured a parallax of 0. ″496 ± 0. ″037 (2.0 ± 0.15 pc) from the astrometry in these surveys, making WISE J104915.57−531906.1 the third closest system to the Sun. During spectroscopic observations with the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph at Gemini Observatory, an i-band acquisition image resolved it as a 1. ″5 (3 AU) binary. A spectrum was collected for the primary, which I classify as L8 ± 1. The secondary is probably near the L/T transition as well given that it is only modestly fainter than the primary (Δi = 0.45 mag).
Driver Assistance System for Passive Multi-Trailer Vehicles with Haptic Steering Limitations on the Leading Unit

Driving vehicles with one or more passive trailers has difficulties in both forward and backward motion due to inter-unit collisions, jackknife, and lack of visibility. Consequently, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) for multi-trailer combinations can be beneficial to accident avoidance as well as to driver comfort. The ADAS proposed in this paper aims to prevent unsafe steering commands by means of a haptic handwheel. Furthermore, when driving in reverse, the steering-wheel and pedals can be used as if the vehicle was driven from the back of the last trailer with visual aid from a rear-view camera. This solution, which can be implemented in drive-by-wire vehicles with hitch angle sensors, profits from two methods previously developed by the authors: safe steering by applying a curvature limitation to the leading unit, and a virtual tractor concept for backward motion that includes the complex case of set-point propagation through on-axle hitches. The paper addresses system requirements and provides implementation details to tele-operate two different off- and on-axle combinations of a tracked mobile robot pulling and pushing two dissimilar trailers.
Impact of Workload and System Parameters on Next Generation Cluster Scheduling Mechanisms

Scheduling of processes onto processors of a parallel machine has always been an important and challenging area of research. The issue becomes even more crucial and difficult as we gradually progress to the use of off-the-shelf workstations, operating systems, and high bandwidth networks to build cost-effective clusters for demanding applications. Clusters are gaining acceptance not just in scientific applications that need supercomputing power, but also in domains such as databases, web service, and multimedia which place diverse Quality-of-Service (QoS) demands on the underlying system. Further, these applications have diverse characteristics in terms of their computation, communication, and I/O requirements, making conventional parallel scheduling solutions, such as space sharing or gang scheduling, unattractive. At the same time, leaving it to the native operating system of each node to make decisions independently can lead to ineffective use of system resources whenever there is communication. Instead, an emerging class of dynamic coscheduling mechanisms that attempt to take remedial actions to guide the system toward coscheduled execution without requiring explicit synchronization offers a lot of promise for cluster scheduling. Using a detailed simulator, this paper evaluates the pros and cons of different dynamic coscheduling alternatives while comparing their advantages over traditional gang scheduling (and not performing any coordinated scheduling at all). The impact of dynamic job arrivals, job characteristics, and different system parameters on these alternatives is evaluated in terms of several performance criteria. In addition, heuristics to enhance one of the alternatives even further are identified, classified, and evaluated. It is shown that these heuristics can significantly outperform the other alternatives over a spectrum of workload and system parameters and is thus a much better option for clusters than conventional gang scheduling.
A Population of Kisspeptin/Neurokinin B Neurons in the Arcuate Nucleus May Be the Central Target of the Male Effect Phenomenon in Goats

Exposure of females to a male pheromone accelerates pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion in goats. Recent evidence has suggested that neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) containing kisspeptin and neurokinin B (NKB) play a pivotal role in the control of GnRH secretion. Therefore, we hypothesized that these neurons may be the central target of the male pheromone. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether NKB signaling is involved in the pheromone action, and whether ARC kisspeptin/NKB neurons receive input from the medial nucleus of the amygdala (MeA)—the nucleus suggested to relay pheromone signals. Ovariectomized goats were implanted with a recording electrode aimed at a population of ARC kisspeptin/NKB neurons, and GnRH pulse generator activity, represented by characteristic increases in multiple-unit activity (MUA) volleys, was measured. Pheromone exposure induced an MUA volley and luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse in control animals, whereas the MUA and LH responses to the pheromone were completely suppressed by the treatment with an NKB receptor antagonist. These results indicate that NKB signaling is a prerequisite for pheromone action. In ovariectomized goats, an anterograde tracer was injected into the MeA, and possible connections between the MeA and ARC kisspeptin/NKB neurons were examined. Histochemical observations demonstrated that a subset of ARC kisspeptin/NKB neurons receive efferent projections from the MeA. These results suggest that the male pheromone signal is conveyed via the MeA to ARC kisspeptin neurons, wherein the signal stimulates GnRH pulse generator activity through an NKB signaling-mediated mechanism in goats.
A new controller design and analysis of DFIG wind turbine systems for MPP operation

In this paper, a simplified and easily implemented MPP control scheme is proposed for DFIG wind turbine systems. In particular, taking into account the complete nonlinear model of the system in the synchronously rotating dq reference frame operating at the voltage oriented control mode, a cascaded q-axis controller scheme and a simple proportional d-axis controller are proposed. The inner-loop of the cascaded q-axis controller does not require decoupling networks and is used to achieve the desired q-axis current damping. The outer-loop PI controller enforces the MPP operation of the system by continuously tracking the rotating speed to the optimum. Its structure is slightly modified in a way that permits a second order linear system analysis. Stability and convergence to the equilibrium is proven by taking into account the inner-loop current controllers in the nonlinear analysis of the complete system. Extensive simulation results on a 2MW DFIG wind turbine system illustrate the enhanced system performance and verify the effectiveness of the controller.
Spatial and behavioral correlates of hippocampal neuronal activity

The firing rate of hippocampal neurons in rats was related both to spatial location and to multiple behavioral variables as rats performed 2 kinds of tasks that rely on hippocampal function: a spatial navigation task similar in performance demands to the radial-arm maze task and a simultaneous cue odor-discrimination task. In the place task, most cells had distinct single or multiple place fields, that is, neurons increased firing when the rat was in a particular location or locations. However, in most of these cells, firing rate also varied systematically in relation to behavioral variables, including the speed, direction, and turning angle of the rat as it moved through the place field. In addition, the activity of most cells was time-locked to task-relevant approach movements. In the odor task, most cells fired as the rat sampled discriminative cues or when it executed specific, task- relevant approach movements. Some cells fired selectively in relation to which odors were presented, the configuration of odor cues, the locus of the response, or a combination of these variables. Many cells with spatial correlates in the place task also had striking behavioral correlates when rats performed the odor task in the same environment, and the locus of the increased firing associated with behavior in the odor task was not the same as the place field in the place task. Thus, while the complex stimuli that compose spatial cues are reflected in hippocampal neuronal activity, hippocampal processing is not limited to the representation of spatial location. Rather, the domain of hippocampal representation includes both spatial and nonspatial relations among multiple cues and the actions directed in relation to these cues, across cue modalities, and across behavioral paradigms.