Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LSDA Solution Schemes for Modelless 3 D Head Pose Estimation

Locality Sensitive Discriminant Analysis (LSDA) is a recent linear manifold learning method used in pattern recognition and computer vision. Whenever LSDA is used for face image analysis, it suffers from a number of problems including the Small Sample Size (SSS) problem, and that its classification performance seems to be heavily influenced by its parameters. In this paper, we propose two novel solution schemes for LSDA. The first solution is a novel parameterless approach. The second solution is an exponential LSDA which can solve the SSS problem, in the sense that there is no need to perform the pre-stage of dimensionality reduction. The proposed solution schemes have been applied to the problem of modelless coarse 3D head pose estimation. They were tested on two databases FacePix and Pointing’04. They were conveniently compared with other state-of-the-art linear techniques. The experimental results confirm that our methods can give better results than the existing ones.
Learning theories and tools for the assessment of core nursing competencies in simulation: A theoretical review

AIM To identify the theories used to explain learning in simulation and to examine how these theories guided the assessment of learning outcomes related to core competencies in undergraduate nursing students. BACKGROUND Nurse educators face the challenge of making explicit the outcomes of competency-based education, especially when competencies are conceptualized as holistic and context dependent. DESIGN Theoretical review. DATA SOURCES Research papers (N = 182) published between 1999-2015 describing simulation in nursing education. REVIEW METHODS Two members of the research team extracted data from the papers, including theories used to explain how simulation could engender learning and tools used to assess simulation outcomes. Contingency tables were created to examine the associations between theories, outcomes and tools. RESULTS Some papers (N = 79) did not provide an explicit theory. The 103 remaining papers identified one or more learning or teaching theories; the most frequent were the National League for Nursing/Jeffries Simulation Framework, Kolb's theory of experiential learning and Bandura's social cognitive theory and concept of self-efficacy. Students' perceptions of simulation, knowledge and self-confidence were the most frequently assessed, mainly via scales designed for the study where they were used. Core competencies were mostly assessed with an observational approach. CONCLUSION This review highlighted the fact that few studies examined the use of simulation in nursing education through learning theories and via assessment of core competencies. It also identified observational tools used to assess competencies in action, as holistic and context-dependent constructs.
EGFR as a potential therapeutic target for a subset of muscle-invasive bladder cancers presenting a basal-like phenotype

A subtype of aggressive human muscle-invasive bladder cancer expresses basal epithelial markers and is sensitive to EGFR inhibition in preclinical models. Bladder Cancer’s Basal Instincts Like most cancers, bladder tumors are much easier to treat when they do not invade deep into the tissue, accounting for the poor outcomes of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. By performing genetic analysis on a large number of these tumors, Rebouissou et al. identified a specific subgroup of muscle-invasive bladder cancers expressing basal markers. Although these are aggressive tumors, the authors showed that they have a weak spot and are unusually dependent on the activity of a signaling pathway called epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). As a result, these tumors are sensitive to treatment with drugs that inhibit the EGFR pathway, which the authors confirmed in preclinical models. Muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC) constitutes a heterogeneous group of tumors with a poor outcome. Molecular stratification of MIBC may identify clinically relevant tumor subgroups and help to provide effective targeted therapies. From seven series of large-scale transcriptomic data (383 tumors), we identified an MIBC subgroup accounting for 23.5% of MIBC, associated with shorter survival and displaying a basal-like phenotype, as shown by the expression of epithelial basal cell markers. Basal-like tumors presented an activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway linked to frequent EGFR gains and activation of an EGFR autocrine loop. We used a 40-gene expression classifier derived from human tumors to identify human bladder cancer cell lines and a chemically induced mouse model of bladder cancer corresponding to human basal-like bladder cancer. We showed, in both models, that tumor cells were sensitive to anti-EGFR therapy. Our findings provide preclinical proof of concept that anti-EGFR therapy can be used to target a subset of particularly aggressive MIBC tumors expressing basal cell markers and provide diagnostic tools for identifying these tumors.
Description logic based quantifier restriction and query of an OWL ontology

It is important to represent the knowledge residing on WWW in a uniform manner understandable by both man and machine to make it semantic. Thus some taxonomy is needed to make representations of the web contents which can be machine readable and usable . This taxonomy can be thought of as ontology. This paper proposes to relate Description logic (DL) and Web ontology language (OWL) based Ontology and demonstrate how a OWL ontology quantifier description can enable DL query to generate inferences there by demonstrating the machine interpretability aspect of the ontology and thus render support to the Semantic web
Consistent query answering under primary keys: a characterization of tractable queries

This article deals with consistent query answering to conjunctive queries under primary key constraints. The repairs of an inconsistent database db are obtained by selecting a maximum number of tuples from db without ever selecting two tuples that agree on their primary key. For a Boolean conjunctive query q, we are interested in the following question: does there exist a Boolean first-order query &phis; such that for every database db, &phis; evaluates to true on db if and only if q evaluates to true on every repair of db? We address this problem for acyclic conjunctive queries in which no relation name occurs more than once. Our results improve previous solutions that are based on Fuxman-Miller join graphs.
Mining recurrent activities: Fourier analysis of change events

Within the field of software repository mining, it is common practice to extract change-events from source control systems and then abstract these events to allow for different analyses. One approach is to apply time-series analysis by aggregating these events into signals. Time-series analysis requires that researchers specify a period of study; usually “natural” periods such as days, months, and years are chosen. As yet there has been no research to validate that these assumptions are reasonable. We address this by applying Fourier analysis to discover the “natural” periodicities of software development. Fourier analysis can detect and determine the periodicity of repeating events. Fourier transforms represent signals as linear combinations of sine-waves that suggest how much activity occurs at certain frequencies. If behaviors of different frequencies are mixed into one signal, they can be separated. Thus Fourier transforms can help us identify significant development process sub-signals within software projects.
Instructor Support for New Learning Approaches Involving Technology

New learning approaches involving technology are occurring in both universities and company training settings. Critical factors in regard to these changes are the professionals in an organisation responsible for course design, development, and delivery: the instructors and those who support them. Instructors must become engaged in the change process and supported in their initial change experiences. Two cases are presented, one from a university and the other from a learning centre for a multinational company, where innovative approaches to instructor support and engagement are being carried out. Technology is not only one of the focuses of the change itself but also used as key tool in the instructor support process.
Clinical correlates of inpatient suicide.

BACKGROUND Previous suicide assessment research has led to standard predictors of risk. Despite this, there are approximately 30,000 suicides per year in the United States, 5% to 6% of which occur in hospitals. The primary purpose of this study is to improve our ability to assess risk and intervene successfully. METHOD Charts from 76 patients who committed suicide while in the hospital, or immediately after discharge, were reviewed. The week before suicide was rated for both standard risk predictors and, using items from the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS), for presence and severity of symptoms found to be correlated with acute risk in recent studies. RESULTS Regarding standard predictors, only 49% (N = 37) had any prior suicide attempt and 25% (N = 19) were admitted for this reason. Thirty-nine percent (30/76) were admitted for suicidal ideation, but 78% denied suicidal ideation at their last communication about this; 46% (N = 35) showed no evidence of psychosis; of those on precautions (N = 45), 51% (N = 23) were on q 15 minute suicide checks or 1:1 observation; and 28% (N = 21) had a no-suicide contract in effect. On SADS ratings, 79% (N = 60) met criteria for severe or extreme anxiety and/or agitation. CONCLUSION Standard risk assessments and standard precautions used were of limited value in protecting this group from suicide. Adding severity of anxiety and agitation to our current assessments may help identify patients at acute risk and suggest effective treatment interventions. The importance of a matched comparison group to ascertain if this sample can be blindly discriminated from inpatients who do not commit suicide is clear.
Cross-Layer Design for Primary User Emulation Attacks Detection in Mobile Cognitive Radio Networks

In this letter, the channel-tap power is utilized as a radio-frequency fingerprint (RF) to completely identify primary user emulation attacks (PUEAs) over multipath Rayleigh fading channels. To accurately know identities of primary users (PUs) and PUEAs, the cross-layer intelligent learning ability of a mobile secondary user (SU) is exploited to establish detection databases by seamlessly combining the quick detection of physical (PHY) layer with the accuracy of higher layer authentication. The proposed method helps PHY layer completely detect the identities of PUs and PUEAs. For SNR = -2 dB and the false alarm probability of 0.1, the SU can detect a PUEA with the detection probability of 0.9673 under the mobile speed of 70 km/h.
Report of the Pediatric Heart Network and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group on the Perioperative Management of Congenital Heart Disease

The survival of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) has significantly improved during the past several decades (the Figure). This accomplishment is directly attributable to the net effect of individual therapeutic successes from the innovative work of surgeons and cardiologists and the courageous devotion of patients and families. However, as the field moves forward, the need for evidence-based medicine derived from multi-institutional collaborations to address more subtle and complex questions such as functional outcome and quality of life and to provide data to guide individual practitioners has become paramount. Recognizing this, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) established the Pediatric Heart Network (PHN) in 2001 to provide a collaborative platform for conducting clinical studies. The need for evidence-based care and the ability of the PHN to provide this evidence were demonstrated by recent developments in the surgical management of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome was a uniformly fatal defect before Norwood’s innovative surgical approach in which the diminutive aorta is reconstructed using the pulmonary artery trunk and pulmonary blood flow is provided by a Blalock-Taussig shunt. 2 Recently, a previously described modification to this procedure in which pulmonary blood flow is provided by a right ventricle to pulmonary artery shunt has seen renewed interest. 3 This modification has been widely adopted but has yielded conflicting results. 4–7 In May 2005, the PHN launched the Single Ventricle Reconstruction (SVR) trial, a randomized trial comparing these 2 surgical strategies. 8 In just over 3 years, 555 infants were
Learning the Quality of Sensor Data in Distributed Decision Fusion

The problem of decision fusion has been studied for distributed sensor systems in the past two decades. Various techniques have been developed for either binary or multiple hypotheses decision fusion. However, most of them do not address the challenges that come with the changing quality of sensor data. In this paper we investigate adaptive decision fusion rules for multiple hypotheses within the framework of Dempster-Shafer theory. We provide a novel learning algorithm for determining the quality of sensor data in the fusion process. In our approach each sensor actively learns the quality of information from different sensors and updates their reliabilities using the weighted majority technique. Several examples are provided to show the effectiveness of our approach
Clinical risk factors for hamstring muscle strain injury: a prospective study with correlation of injury by magnetic resonance imaging

Objective—To prospectively establish risk factors for hamstring muscle strain injury using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to define the diagnosis of posterior thigh injury. Method—In a prospective cohort study using two elite Australian Rules football clubs, the anthropometric characteristics and past clinical history of 114 athletes were recorded. Players were followed throughout the subsequent season, with posterior thigh injuries being documented. Hamstring intramuscular hyperintensity on T2 weighted MRI was required to meet our criteria for a definite hamstring injury. Statistical associations were sought between anthropometric and previous clinical characteristics and hamstring muscle injury. Results—MRI in 32 players showed either hamstring injury (n = 26) or normal scans (n = 6). An association existed between a hamstring injury and each of the following: increasing age, being aboriginal, past history of an injury to the posterior thigh or knee or osteitis pubis (all p<0.05). These factors were still significant when players with a past history of posterior thigh injury (n = 26) were excluded. Previous back injury was associated with a posterior thigh injury that looked normal on MRI scan, but not with an MRI detected hamstring injury. Conclusions—Hamstring injuries are common in Australian football, and previous posterior thigh injury is a significant risk factor. Other factors, such as increasing age, being of aboriginal descent, or having a past history of knee injury or osteitis pubis, increase the risk of hamstring strain independently of previous posterior thigh injury. However, as the numbers in this study are small, further research is needed before definitive statements can be made.
Anti‐lymphocytic antibodies and marrow transplantation. III. Effect of heterologous anti‐brain antibodies on acute secondary disease in mice

Antisera against murine thymus‐derived lymphocytes were raised in rabbits injected with mouse brain. It was possible to remove contaminating antibodies which cross‐reacted with B cells and hemopoietic stem cells by absorption with liver and plasmacytoma followed by purification and fractionation over DEAE‐cellulose. T cell specificity of the absorbed anti‐mouse brain serum (AMBS) and its purified globulin fraction (AMBG) was demonstrated by cytotoxicity, complement fixation and unaltered numbers of plaque‐forming cells and colony‐forming units. In vivo, the effect of absorbed AMBG on the graft‐versus‐host reaction was investigated in an H‐2‐incompatible parent‐to‐F1 hybrid donor‐recipient combination. (C57BL/6 × CBA)F1 mice irradiated with 900 rad and transfused with C57BL/6 spleen cells died from acute secondary disease within 20 days. They survived as complete chimaeras beyond day 300 without symptoms of secondary disease when the donor cells had been preincubated with absorbed AMBG. The implications of the suppression of secondary disease in this model are discussed.
Children of Substance Abusing Women on Federal Welfare

SUMMARY The present study sought to characterize well-being indicators for a sample of children of substance dependent TANF women. Participants were 372 mothers meeting DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence and 156 non-substance abusing women from two urban counties in New Jersey. Children of substance dependent TANF mothers experienced significant vulnerabilities, as demonstrated by higher levels of contextual risk factors and negative behavioral and emotional and school outcomes. Overall, these rates were about double those found in children of non-substance abusing mothers. Results highlight the need for multi-systemic services to address the problems experienced by substance abusing TANF women and their children.
Out of bounds : sexual exploitation in counselling and therapy

Introduction PART ONE: ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM OF EXPLOITATIVE PRACTICE Contexts and Concepts of Sexual Exploitation Effects on Clients Clients' Accounts The Therapists Sexuality - An Elusive Trilogy Power PART TWO: PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR COUNSELLING AND THERAPY Ethical Dimensions to the Problem Implications in Practice Conclusions and Recommendations
Polarity Protein Scrib Facilitates Endothelial Inflammatory Signaling

Objective—The polarity protein Scrib is highly expressed in endothelial cells and is required for planar cell polarity. Scrib also facilitates recycling of integrin &agr;5 to the plasma membrane. Because integrin &agr;5 signals the presence of the inflammatory matrix protein fibronectin, we hypothesized that Scrib contributes to endothelial inflammatory signaling. Approach and Results—Cytokine treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced an inflammatory response as evident by the induction of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Downregulation of Scrib greatly attenuated this effect. In endothelial-specific conditional Scrib knockout mice, in vivo lipopolysaccharide treatment resulted in an impaired VCAM-1 induction. These effects were functionally relevant because Scrib small interfering RNAs in human umbilical vein endothelial cells attenuated the VCAM-1–mediated leukocyte adhesion in response to tumor necrosis factor-&agr;. In vivo, tamoxifen-induced endothelial-specific deletion of Scrib resulted in a reduced VCAM-1–mediated leukocyte adhesion in response to tumor necrosis factor-&agr; in the mouse cremaster model. This effect was specific for Scrib and not mediated by other polarity proteins. Moreover, it did not involve integrin &agr;5 or classic pathways supporting inflammatory signaling, such as nuclear factor &kgr; light chain enhancer of activated B-cells or MAP kinases. Co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry identified the zinc finger transcription factor GATA-like protein-1 as a novel Scrib interacting protein. Small interfering RNA depletion of GATA-like protein-1 decreased the tumor necrosis factor-&agr;–stimulated VCAM-1 induction to a similar extent as loss of Scrib did. Silencing of Scrib reduced GATA-like protein-1 protein, but not mRNA abundance. Conclusions—Scrib is a novel proinflammatory regulator in endothelial cells, which maintains the protein expression of GATA-like protein-1.
Shape-Specific Adaptations for Level-Set Deformable Model-Based Segmentation

In this paper we present two modifications to the original level set algorithm for implementation of deformable models. The modifications are motivated by difficulties that we have encountered in application of deformable models to segmentation of abdominal aortic aneurysm from computed tomography images. The level set algorithm has some advantages over the classical snake deformable models but it has difficulties with large gaps in the boundary of segmented region. Such boundary gaps may cause inaccurate segmentation that requires manual correction by the user while our goal is to keep user assistance at a minimum level. The proposed modifications have a form of additional stopping criteria. The first modification utilizes shape constraints and is less general than the second modification, which utilizes feature-based tracking of curve segments. These two modifications are developed for our specific application but we believe that they could be utilized in any similar application.
Identification of the ubiquitin ligase Triad1 as a regulator of endosomal transport

Summary The ubiquitin system plays an important role in trafficking of signaling receptors from the plasma membrane to lysosomes. Triad1 is a ubiquitin ligase that catalyzes the formation of poly-ubiquitin chains linked via lysine-48 as well as lysine-63 residues. We show that depletion of Triad1 affects the sorting of both growth hormone and epidermal growth factor. Triad1-depleted cells accumulate both ligands in endosomes. While fluid phase transport to the lysosomes is reduced in the absence of Triad1, growth hormone receptor can recycle back to the plasma membrane together with transferrin. Using immune electron microscopy we show that Triad1 depletion results in enlarged endosomes with enlarged and irregular shaped intraluminal vesicles. The endosomes display prominent clathrin coats and show increased levels of growth hormone label. We conclude that Triad1 is required for the proper function of multivesicular bodies.
Cytodifferentiation of two epithelial populations of the respiratory bronchiole during fetal lung development in the rhesus monkey

This study describes the cytodifferentiation of the two populations of epithelial cells found in the respiratory bronchiole of the adult rhesus monkey. One population, pseudostratified and containing ciliated, nonciliated secretory, and basal cells, is found overlying the pulmonary artery (PA). The other population, not associated with the PA, contains nonciliated cuboidal cells between alveolar outpockets. In this study we used terminal conducting airways from the lungs of fetal (90 to 155 days gestational age [DGA]), postnatal, and adult rhesus monkeys. Ciliated cells were partially differentiated at 90 DGA (54% gestation) and completely differentiated by 134 DGA (80% gestation). Nonciliated secretory cells were partially differentiated at 95 DGA (57% gestation) but did not lose all glycogen until the postnatal period. Basal cells appeared by 134 DGA (80% gestation) and matured in the postnatal period. Small mucous granule cells appeared at 125 DGA (74% gestation) and did not change throughout fetal development. Neuroendocrine cells were present throughout the entire period studied. Nonciliated cuboidal bronchiolar cells of the nonciliated population of the respiratory bronchiole appeared at 105 DGA (62% gestation) and matured in the postnatal period. We conclude that 1) although most of the differentiation of the lower airway occurs before birth, most of the cell types are not completely differentiated at birth; 2) the sequence of differentiation for the cells of the ciliated pseudostratified epithelial population is ciliated, nonciliated secretory, and basal; 3) the sequence of differentiation for the nonciliated secretory cell is similar to that of the secretory cells in more proximal airways; and 4) basal, neuroendocrine, and small mucous granule cells are not a part of the differentiation sequence of the other cell types.