Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of the Survival of Gall Bladder Patients in a Tertiary Cancer Center in India using Accelerated Failure Time Models

Objective: Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) models are an useful alternative of Cox- PH model to determine the significant predictors affecting the survival of the patients. This article aims to determine the significant prognostic factors of hospitalized Gall Bladder Cancer patients in Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India by applying AFT Models. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to be carried out in India identifying the factors of Gall bladder patients using AFTM. Materials and Methods: The data are taken from original proformae of 652 hospital admitted Gall Bladder patients from a tertiary care hospital from Delhi from the period January 2012 to December 2016. These models take the logarithm of survival time, S(t) as dependent variable and prognostic factors as independent variables. Thereby, effect of these prognostic factors is multiplicative and therefore these models can be easily interpreted. AFTM demonstrates the predictor’s effect in terms of time ratio (TR). Analysis was implemented on R software version 3.5. 1. Results and Conclusions: In the Gall Bladder data considered in this article, shape of hazard function, H(t) and the exploratory data analysis falls in line with the Lognormal AFT model. AFT models give an estimate of Time Ratio which helps doctors, clinicians, epidemiologists etc. to determine the effect of treatment in terms of an increasing/decreasing survival time.
Algebro-Geometric Solutions of a Discrete System Related to the Trigonometric Moment Problem

We derive theta function representations of algebro-geometric solutions of a discrete system governed by a transfer matrix associated with (an extension of) the trigonometric moment problem studied by Szego and Baxter. We also derive a new hierarchy of coupled nonlinear difference equations satisfied by these algebro-geometric solutions.
Design of Smart Head–Mounted Display Technology: A Convergent Mixed-Methods Study

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to characterize functional impairments and human factor considerations that affect perceptions and preferences for head-mounted display (HMD) technology for adults with low vision and chronic eye disease. Methods: Through a convergent mixed-methods design, participants with visual impairments (age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, or retinitis pigmentosa) were recruited. Participants completed the Impact of Vision Impairment (IVI) questionnaire, used commercially available HMDs (eSight, NuEyes, and Epson Moverio), and were interviewed. The IVI was used to identify groups with low, moderate, and high vision–related quality of life (VRQOL). Transcribed interviews were analyzed using a thematic approach. The survey and qualitative findings were integrated using mixed-methods joint display analysis. Results: Twenty-one participants were enrolled (mean age of 58.2 years, 57% male, median Snellen acuity of 20/40 [range: 20/20–hand movement]). An equal number (n = 9) expressed a preference for eSight and NuEyes, while (n = 3) preferred the Moverio. Participants emphasized ease of use, including HMD controls and screen, as common reasons for preference. Those with lower IVI well-being scores preferred eSight due to vision improvement. Those with moderate IVI well-being scores preferred NuEyes due to comfort and size. Those with high IVI well-being scores cited usability as the most important feature. Discussion: User preferences for HMD features were associated with VRQOL. A mixed-methods approach explained how varying degrees of visual impairment and HMD preferences were qualitatively related to usability at the individual level. Implications for Practitioners: To increase acceptance, new HMD development for low vision should focus on performance, usability, and human factors engineering. Although HMD technology can benefit individuals with low vision, device features and functions vary in meaningful ways based on vision parameters. Practitioners should be aware of how patient and device variations influence preferences when they recommend wearable systems and optimize training to harness these systems.
Toward the Universal Rigidity of General Frameworks

Let (G;P) be a bar framework of n vertices in general position in R d , for dn − 1, where G is a (d + 1)-lateration graph. In this paper, we present a constructive proof that (G;P) admits a positive semidefinite stress matrix with rank (n − d − 1). We also prove a similar result for a sensor network, where the graph consists of m(� d + 1) anchors.
On a Question of Herman, Baker and Rippon Concerning Siegel Disks

Consider the family of exponential maps Ek(z) = exp(z)+k. This paper shows that any unbounded Siegel disk U of Ek contains the singular value k on its boundary. By a result of Herman, this implies that k ∈ ∂U if the rotation number is diophantine. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification 37F10, 30D05.
Graph theory and Pfaffian representations of Ising partition function

A well known theorem due to Kasteleyn states that the partition function of an Ising model on an arbitrary planar graph can be represented as the Pfaffian of a skew-symmetric matrix associated to the graph. This results both embodies the free fermionic nature of any planar Ising model and eventually gives an effective way of computing its partition functions in closed form. An extension of this result to non planar models expresses the partition function as a sum of Pfaffians which number is related to the genus of the oriented surface on which the graph can be embedded. In graph theory, McLane's theorem (1937) gives a characterization of planarity as a property of the cycle space of a graph, and recently, Diestel et al. (2009) extended this approach to embeddings in arbitrary surfaces. Here we show that McLane's approach naturally leads to Kasteleyn's results: McLane characterization of planar graphs is just what is needed to turn an Ising partition function into a Pfaffian. Using this approach, we prove that the Ising partition function on an arbitrary non planar graph can be written as \emph{the real part}of the Pfaffian of a single matrix with coefficients taken in a multicomplex algebra $\C_{\tilde g}$, where $\tilde g$ is the non-orientable genus, or crosscap number, of the embedding surface. Known representations as sums of Pfaffians follow from this result. In particular, Kasteleyn's result which involves $4^g$ matrices with real coefficients, $g$ orientable genus, is also recovered through some algebraic reduction.
Influence of Soil Chemical Features on Aromatic Profile of V. vinifera cv. Corvina Grapes and Wines: A Study-Case in Valpolicella Area (Italy) in a Calcareous and Non-Calcareous Soil

In the Valpolicella area (Verona, Italy) one of the most important Italian wines is being produced: Amarone, predominately made by Vitis vinifera cv. Corvina. This wine is subjected to a specific postharvest process, namely, withering, which aims to increase alcohol content and/or high residual sugars while retaining richness in aromas and organoleptic compounds. In accordance with guidelines and strict Amarone protocol set by the Consorzio of Amarone-Valpolicella, withering must be carried out by setting the grapes in a suitable environment. In our study, the withering process was performed following the traditional methods, i.e., in open-air, natural environmental conditions, as generally performed by winegrowers, leading to a weight loss in grapes of up to 30%. Whilst the effect of different postharvest conditions is clear and studied, it is interesting to know how soil can affect both grapes and wine profile, in terms of aromas, which are of great importance for this crafted wine. For this purpose, for two study years, the influence of two different sites (with regards to the carbonates’ content) on aromas were investigated. Furthermore, microvinifications and the sensory profile of the resulting wines were analysed. Our results clearly indicated that different soils’ characteristics, particularly differences in carbonate content, had an important effect, not only on the aromatic compounds of grapes and wines, but on the sensory profile as well. This information will help winegrowers and winemakers in the process of determining site selection for future vineyards in order to obtain a final optimum Amarone wine, in terms of its aromatic composition—one that is able to respond to the market demand.
The application of low rank matrix decomposition method in image restoration

Image restoration is a hot issue in the field of image processing. Traditional algorithms approach the original function by a regular function or remove redundant noise by similarity. This process is complicated and cumbersome. In this paper, the low rank approximate matrix of the image matrix is equivalent to the product of two smaller matrices. At the same time, the first-order and second-order statistical information of the image matrix is effectively maintained by using the matrix Frobenius norm and matrix kernel normal. Secondly, the alternating direction multiplier method is utilized to solve the model. Finally, experimental results test the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Interaction of intense ultra-short laser pulses with dielectrics

The interaction of intense ultra-short laser pulses with dielectrics is studied theoretically using a one-dimensional simulation model. The curl Maxwell's equations are solved coupled to the electron continuity, momentum and energy equations. What is new and innovative in our approach is the application of the ‘forest fire’ method to describe the optical field ionization. The cumulative action of the applied laser field and holes in the dielectric, created during ionization events, enhances the optical field ionization rate by orders of magnitude speeding up the electron avalanche development in the early times of the ionization dynamics. For peak laser intensity of about 1017 W m−2 (1013 W cm−2) the ‘forest fire’ model plays a major role in the ionization dynamics and increases the electron density by two orders of magnitude. The underlying mechanisms leading to electron avalanche in dielectrics are investigated for peak laser intensities between 1016 and 3 × 1018 W m−2 and laser pulse durations between 10 fs and 1 ps. It was established that the dominant process for electron multiplication depends only on the laser fluence: for F < 4 kJ m−2 (F < 0.4 J cm−2) the cumulative optical field ionization rate exceeds the collisional ionization rate, while for F > 4 kJ m−2 (F > 0.4 J cm−2) the collisional ionization is the dominant ionization mechanism. Since for laser pulse duration exceeding 20 fs the threshold for dielectric damage of SiO2 is at least Fthr > 15 kJ m−2 (Fthr > 1.5 J cm−2) (Lenzner et al 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 4076), the primary cause for dielectric damage is an electron avalanche due to collisional ionization.
A Qualitative Study of the Pain Experiences of Children and Their Parents at a Canadian Children’s Hospital

Current literature is lacking in describing families’ experiences in being involved in children’s pain management. This study sought to understand children and their parents’ experiences with pain management at a tertiary care children’s hospital. Twelve child–parent dyads were recruited to participate in the study from January to August 2022. Children and their parents chose whether to be interviewed together or separately. Transcripts were analyzed using inductive, data-driven codes. Codes and themes were developed using a codebook and member-checking. Three main themes were identified: a. Painful experiences can have a significant positive or negative effect on families’ lives and healthcare trajectories; b. There can be a mismatch between families’ expectations of pain management and how they perceive the pain was managed; c. Families feel that they must advocate for better pain care, but often feel too intimidated to do so, or worry that their concerns will be dismissed by healthcare professionals. Families want healthcare professionals to proactively manage their children’s pain, supporting the shaping of early positive memories of the child’s healthcare interactions. Healthcare providers must further recognize that poorly treated pain can significantly impact families’ lives and should both seek and be receptive to child and parent input for better pain care.
Approximating the zero-coupon bond price in a general one-factor model with constant coefficients

We consider a general one-factor short rate model, in which the instantaneous interest rate is driven by a univariate diffusion with time independent drift and volatility. We construct recursive formula for the coefficients of the Taylor expansion of the bond price and its logarithm around $\tau=0$, where $\tau$ is time to maturity. We provide numerical examples of convergence of the partial sums of the series and compare them with the known exact values in the case of Cox-Ingersoll-Ross and Dothan model.
Problems In Groups, Geometry, and Three-Manifolds

In May 2015, a conference entitled "Groups, Geometry, and 3-manifolds" was held at the University of California, Berkeley. The organizers asked participants to suggest problems and open questions, related in some way to the subject of the conference. These have been collected here, roughly divided by topic. The name (or names) attached to each question is that of the proposer, though many of the questions have been asked before.
The L2 behavior of eigenfunctions near the glancing set

ABSTRACT Let M be a compact manifold with or without boundary and H⊂M be a smooth, interior hypersurface. We study the restriction of Laplace eigenfunctions solving to H. In particular, we study the degeneration of u|H as one microlocally approaches the glancing set by finding the optimal power s0, so that remains uniformly bounded in L2(H) as h→0. Moreover, we show that this bound is saturated at every h-dependent scale near glancing using examples on the disk and sphere. We give an application of our estimates to quantum ergodic restriction theorems.
Digital Divide and A Spatial Investigation of Convergence in ICT Development Across Provinces in Indonesia

In the digital era, technology plays a much bigger role all over the world including in Indonesia. In fact, Indonesia’s ICT Development Index (IDI) has improved over time. However, it is noticeable that disparities among regions in regards to ICT development are still wide resulting in digital divide. This paper aims to examine the convergence of regions with regard to ICT development and analyze the key factors which drive the convergence process using annual data from 2015 to 2019. Spatial panel regression method is used to test for absolute and conditional beta convergence. The results reveal that there is evidence for the existence of absolute and conditional convergence in regards to ICT development in Indonesia. Regarding conditional convergence, the convergence process takes a shorter time to reach half-time convergence by taking into account several control variables consisting of output in ICT sector, FDI, and government allocation on education. In addition, the significant spatial correlation among provinces shows that the growth of neighboring provinces’ ICT development also contributes to the convergence process. This finding implies that the digital divide has declined and the factors mentioned above are important instruments to help bridge the digital divide.
An index theorem for Lie algebroids

We study Lie algebroids from the point of view noncommutative geometry. More specifically, using ideas from deformation quantization, we use the PBW-theorem for Lie algebroids to construct a Fedosov-type resolution for the associated sheaves of Weyl algebras. This resolution enables us to construct a "character map" --in the derived category-- from the sheafified cyclic chain complexes to the Chevalley--Eilenberg complex of the Lie algebroid. The index theorem computes the evaluation of this map on the trivial cycle in terms of the Todd--Chern characteristic class. Finally, we show compatibility of the character map with the Hochschild--Kostant--Rosenberg morphism.
Invariant splittings in nonassociative algebras: A Hopf approach

0. Let (K A, e) be a coalgebra over the field k which is equipped with the structure of a unitary associative algebra by means of coalgebra morphisms m: V ®k V-+ Kand /i: k -• V. A = (K A, e, m, fi) is then a bialgebra and is a Hopf algebra if ideEndk(F) is invertible in the convolution structure [2, p. 71]. We will often confuse A with V. Recall that A* has a natural associative algebra structure relative to
On one generalization of skew tent maps

We generalize in this work the properties of the conjugacy of skew tent maps. It is known that the conjugacy $h$ from a skew tent map $g_1$ to $g_2$ is differentiable at a point $x^*$ if and only if there exists left and right limits $\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow \infty}h_n'(x^*-)$ and $\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow \infty}h_n'(x^*+)$, where $h_n$ is a piecewise linear function, which coincides with $h$ at $g_1^{-n}(0)$, and all whose kinks belong to $g_1^{-n}(0)$. The attempts to generalize this result to some reacher class of unimodal maps is natural. For this reason we introduce the class of piecewise linear maps, all whose kinks are in the complete pre-image of $0$ and study the relation of the differential properties of their conjugacy with ones of the mentioned approximation~$(h_n)_{n\geq 1}$.
Global existence and nonexistence of the non-Newtonian polytropic filtration equations coupled with nonlinear boundary conditions

In this article, we deal with the global existence and nonexistence of solutions to the non-Newtonian polytropic filtration equations coupled with nonlinear boundary conditions. By constructing various kinds of sub- and super-solutions and using the basic properties of M-matrix, we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for global existence of nonnegative solutions. The critical curve of Fujita type is conjectured with the aid of some new results, which extend the recent results of Zheng, Song, and Jiang [Critical Fujita exponents for degenerate parabolic equations coupled via nonlinear boundary flux, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 298 (2004), pp. 308–324], Zhou and Mu [Critical curve for a non-Newtonian polytropic filtration system coupled via nonlinear boundary flux, Nonlinear Anal. 68 (2008), pp. 1–11], and Zhou and Mu [Algebraic criteria for global existence or blow-up for a boundary coupled system of nonlinear diffusion equations, Appl. Anal. 86 (2007), pp. 1185–1197] to more general equations.
EFFECT OF USING MAGNETIC WATER ON PROPERTIES OF PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE- A REVIEW

This article review discusses the importance of magnetic water and its usage in Portland cement concrete. The role, mechanism and applications of magnetic water are presented in this article. Also, the effect of magnetic water on fresh properties, hardened properties, durability and microstructure of Portland cement concrete is reviewed and discussed as well. The results showed enhancements in all-desired characteristics. So, using magnetic water in the field of concrete industry seems to be promising.
Computing generating sets of lattice ideals

Coating compositions comprising a polymer containing repeating units derived from alkyl acrylamidoglycolate alkyl ethers or acrylamidoglycoamide alkyl ethers and reactive functions selected from hydroxy, carboxy and/or amido groups provide crosslinking coating compositions which are low in toxicity and low in evolution of toxic volatile reaction products.
Behavioral criterion quantifying the effects of circumferential air gaps on porous materials in the standing wave tube

The influence of mounting conditions on the measurement of the absorption coefficient in the standing wave tube (swt) is investigated. In a previous paper [D. Pilon, R. Panneton, and F. Sgard, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 114, 1980–1987 (2003)], a behavioral criterion was developed to access the effect of a circumferential edge constraint on elastic foams. Similarly, the effect of circumferential air gaps on porous materials is studied here. The objective is to identify the materials, in terms of a ratio based on their physical properties, for which it is possible to measure the theoretical absorption coefficient when mounted inside the swt with a circumferential air gap. The difference between the measured and theoretical absorption coefficient is evaluated for a wide range of materials with various sample sizes. These errors are then sorted in terms of the chosen ratio. It is shown that for certain values of the ratio, the theoretical absorption coefficient can be efficiently measured using the swt. Through the .
Multi-D Fast Diffusion Equation via Diffusive Scaling of Generalized Carleman Kinetic Equation

In this paper, we investigate generalized Carleman kinetic equation for n$\ge$2 and prove convergence towards the solution of equation with fast diffusion or porous medium type, $u_t=\Delta u^m$ ($0\le m\le2$), in its diffusive hydrodynamic limit. Using comparison principle of system combined with fixed speed propagation property of transport equation, we create a new barrier argument for this hyperbolic system. It is crucial to construct explicit local sub and solution of system and this is done by employing an ansatz from second order asymptotic expansion. This allow us prove diffusive limit toward subcritical FDE, which is thought to be difficult with previous method due to the lack of mass conservation. Moreover, we can also prove convergence with growing initial data in slow diffusion range (including $n=1$), which was also unknown before.
The Elements of Nonlinear Optics: Preface

Introduction 1. The constitutive relation 2. Review of quantum mechanics 3. The susceptibility tensors 4. Symmetry properties 5. Resonant nonlinearities 6. Wave propagation and processes in nonlinear media 7. Dynamic optical nonlinearities in semiconductors 8. The optical properties of artificial materials Bibliography Index.
Invariant domains preserving ALE approximation of hyperbolic systems with continuous finite elements

A conservative invariant domain preserving Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian method for solving nonlinear hyperbolic systems is introduced. The method is explicit in time, works with continuous finite elements and is first-order accurate in space. One originality of the present work is that the artificial viscosity is unambiguously defined irrespective of the mesh geometry/anisotropy and does not depend on any ad hoc parameter. The proposed method is meant to be a stepping stone for the construction of higher-order methods in space by using appropriate limitation techniques.