Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Managerial Ethical Behaviour: Results of a Comparative Study

Issue connected with business ethic s have recently acquired prominence in the global scenario in general and in the Indian context in particular but there are hardly any studies that delve into the issues of ethical behaviour in Indian organizations. The situational approach in ethics places heavy emphasis on the role of external environment/culture of an organization in ethical behaviour of the individuals. In line with this argument, die present study focuses on ethical behaviour of managers in public and private Vector organizations. Responses of 319 managers reveal that there are some differences in the nature of decisions (ethical or unethical) that the managers make in these two types of organizations. Results are analysed for the design of control systems in these two types of organizations.
Energy efficiency optimization in OFDMA heterogeneous networks with RF energy harvesting

In this paper, the power allocation problem, which aims to optimize the energy efficiency (EE) of downlink OFDMA heterogeneous networks, is researched. Specifically, the terminals are sensor nodes in the Internet of Things (IoT) with RF energy harvesting (EH) technology. This technology enables the sensor nodes to capture energy from the wireless signals in air, constitutes a permanent energy source, and provides self-stainability to them. Traditional interference analysis and EE modeling are unsuitable for our EH introduced problem, so we model the energy-efficient power allocation problem as an EH based non-cooperative (EHNC) game. Then we prove the existence and reveal the uniqueness conditions of the EHNC game equilibrium. We propose a distributed energy-efficient power allocation algorithm to solve the problem, and reveal that the game can converge to Nash equilibrium after certain times of iterations. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is effective in increasing energy-efficient performance, harvesting energy and guaranteeing QoS of the IoT sensor nodes simultaneously.
Importance of peripheral insulin levels for insulin-induced suppression of glucose production in depancreatized dogs.

It is generally believed that glucose production (GP) cannot be adequately suppressed in insulin-treated diabetes because the portal-peripheral insulin gradient is absent. To determine whether suppression of GP in diabetes depends on portal insulin levels, we performed 3-h glucose and specific activity clamps in moderately hyperglycemic (10 mM) depancreatized dogs, using three protocols: (a) 54 pmol.kg-1 bolus + 5.4 pmol.kg-1.min-1 portal insulin infusion (n = 7; peripheral insulin = 170 +/- 51 pM); (b) an equimolar peripheral infusion (n = 7; peripheral insulin = 294 +/- 28 pM, P < 0.001); and (c) a half-dose peripheral infusion (n = 7), which gave comparable (157 +/- 13 pM) insulinemia to that seen in protocol 1. Glucose production, use (GU) and cycling (GC) were measured using HPLC-purified 6-[3H]- and 2-[3H]glucose. Consistent with the higher peripheral insulinemia, peripheral infusion was more effective than equimolar portal infusion in increasing GU. Unexpectedly, it was also more potent in suppressing GP (73 +/- 7 vs. 55 +/- 7% suppression between 120 and 180 min, P < 0.001). At matched peripheral insulinemia (protocols 2 and 3), not only stimulation of GU, but also suppression of GP was the same (55 +/- 7 vs. 63 +/- 4%). In the diabetic dogs at 10 mM glucose, GC was threefold higher than normal but failed to decrease with insulin infusion by either route. Glycerol, alanine, FFA, and glucagon levels decreased proportionally to peripheral insulinemia. However, the decrease in glucagon was not significantly greater in protocol 2 than in 1 or 3. When we combined all protocols, we found a correlation between the decrements in glycerol and FFAs and the decrease in GP (r = 0.6, P < 0.01). In conclusion, when suprabasal insulin levels in the physiological postprandial range are provided to moderately hyperglycemic depancreatized dogs, suppression of GP appears to be more dependent on peripheral than portal insulin concentrations and may be mainly mediated by limitation of the flow of precursors and energy substrates for gluconeogenesis and by the suppressive effect of insulin on glucagon secretion. These results suggest that a portal-peripheral insulin gradient might not be necessary to effectively suppress postprandial GP in insulin-treated diabetics.
Maturity, Stagnation and Consumer Debt: A Steindlian Approach

This paper extends a Steindlian model of growth and income distribution to incorporate borrowing by consumers. It shows that borrowing by consumers can improve growth prospects in the short run by increasing consumer demand. However, in the longer run the effects of increasing consumer borrowing are ambiguous because, by increasing consumer debt, it redistributes income towards the rich who have a higher propensity to save, thereby possibly depressing aggregate demand and growth despite the borrowing-induced expansion. The problem may be exacerbated by financial considerations involving the increase of the interest rate due to greater borrowing, but these considerations are not necessary for it. The problem is more likely to occur when autonomous investment demand is weak, i.e. when borrowing-induced consumption increases are most required to counter tendencies towards stagnation.
Major and Massive Hemoptysis: Reassessment of Conservative Management

The etiologic factors of major (≥200 ml/24 hr) and massive (≥1,000 ml/24 hr) hemoptysis may well affect the outcome and, therefore, the treatment of this often life-threatening problem. The decline in the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) and bronchiectasis, along with the increase in bronchitis and neoplasia, have led to a strong institutional bias against operating on patients with major and massive hemoptysis. A retrospective case study and an extensive literature review were under-taken to critically evaluate this policy. Fifty-nine consecutive patients with major hemoptysis, 26 of whom had massive hemoptysis, were identified from 887 patients seen in our institution over a 10-year period. Only four of these 59 patients underwent surgery, while 55 were managed conservatively. Etiologic factors, operability, and bleeding rate all appeared to play a major role in outcome. No patients with bronchitis, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, or who were on anticoagulation therapy died compared to a mortality rate of 59% in patients with carcinoma (CA) of the lung and 71% in patients with leukemia. Eleven percent of operable patients treated conservatively died compared to a 46% mortality rate for nonoperable patients. And, 9% of patients with bleeding rates <1,000 ml/24 hr died compared to 58% of those with ≥1,000 ml/24 hr.Conservative management appears to have a low mortality in patients with non-tuberculosis-related major hemoptysis as well as in many patients with massive hemoptysis, especially those patients who are operable and those without neoplastic disease.
Engineering teaching methods using hybrid technologies based on the motivation and assessment of student's profiles

This paper describes the evolution and integration of hybrid interfaces in the visualization of three-dimensional models, and presents the results of a preliminary study based on the profile and the student motivation. The study is conducted with first and second year Building Engineering degree students in order to incorporate the augmented reality technology in different subjects and case studies. The resources developed combine traditional methods with interactive visualization of complex virtual models and mobile systems to present this type of content with the purpose of enhancing the student's visualization and spatial analysis skills and their motivation. We have used a mixed method research with quantitative evaluations (using a pre and post-test), and personal qualitative assessment (using the Bipolar Laddering technic) to further strengthen the results. In general, the student motivation to use this technology at classroom is positive and the preliminary results show us an improvement of their academic results, a confirmation of the adequacy of the method.
Argumentation with restricted linguistic ability: Performing a role play with aphasia or in a second language

The main objective of this study is to illustrate how adaptation to linguistic limitations takes place in a specific activity and is affected by factors pertaining to the social activity or the individuals. A man with aphasia is compared to an adult immigrant L2 learner. An argumentative role play was video‐recorded, transcribed and analysed. Both subjects have a very limited vocabulary and produce short utterances. The L2 learner often uses words that are semantically related to the target word, while the subject with aphasia uses more general and vague words, like pronouns, in combination with adverbs and set phrases. Both subjects use gesturing as strategy, and it is suggested that the semantic specificity of words as well as gestures is important in determining the role of gesture. Apart from gesture, he L2 learner uses mainly simplification and appeal strategies, while the subject with aphasia uses mainly fluency and sociolinguistic strategies.
Asymmetric Eects of Tax Changes

We test whether output responds symmetrically to exogenous tax increases (\positive" shock) and decreases (\negative" shock) in postwar US (quarterly) data using the identication in Romer and Romer (2010). Our key results point towards signicant asymmetry: output responds insignicantly to a tax increase, but shows a signicantly positive and permanent response to a tax decrease. Further analysis reveals that our result of asymmetric responses of output to positive and negative tax shock is driven by individual income tax shocks. Output responds symmetrically to corporate income tax shocks but asymmetrically to individual income tax shocks. Additionally, responses of other macroeconomic variables to these tax shocks also reveal that the asymmetric response of output is transmitted to the economy through an asymmetric consumption response to tax shocks.
THE JOINT‐DECISION TRAP: LESSONS FROM GERMAN FEDERALISM AND EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

Compared to early expectations, the process of European integration has resulted in a paradox: frustration without disintegration and resilience without progress. The article attempts to develop an institutional explanation for this paradox by exploring the similarities between joint decision making (‘Politikverflechtung’) in German federalism and decision making in the European Community. In both cases, it is argued, the fact that member governments are directly participating in central decisions, and that there is a de facto requirement of unanimous decisions, will systematically generate sub-optimal policy outcomes unless a ‘problem-solving’ (as opposed to a ‘bargaining’) style of decision making can be maintained. In fact, the ‘bargaining’ style has prevailed in both cases. The resulting pathologies of public policy have, however, not resulted either in successful strategies for the further Europeanization of policy responsibilities or in the disintegration of unsatisfactory joint-decision systems. This ‘joint-decision trap’ is explained by reference to the utility functions of member governments for whom present institutional arrangements, in spite of their sub-optimal policy output, seem to represent ‘local optima’ when compared to either greater centralization or disintegration.
The efficiency case for universality

The authors compare universal social programs with targeted social benefits. They define 'universality' as separability of the tax/transfer system in income and other nonmonetary attributes, and introduce the concept of 'parallel equity'--a requirement that like differences in needs should be treated alike. The authors develop a model based on optimal tax theory that shows that under specified assumptions universality is efficient as well as equitable; departures from universality result in an inefficient structure of net marginal tax rates. Their key assumptions are that individual-specific needs necessitate a fixed exogenous monetary expenditure and that needs are exogenous, observable, and uncorrelated with other relevant variables. The authors then relax these assumptions and describe the limited circumstances under which departures from universality may be desirable.
Cardiac and electrocardiographical manifestations of acute organophosphate poisoning.

INTRODUCTION To study the extent, frequency and pathogenesis of the cardiac and electrocardiographical manifestations of acute organophosphate poisoning. METHODS 37 adult patients admitted over a three-year period with a diagnosis of acute organophosphate or carbamate poisoning were studied prospectively. The clinical features and electrocardiographical finding were recorded. RESULTS Cardiac complications developed in 23 patients (62.2 percent). These were: non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema in eight cases (21.6 percent), electrocardiographical abnormalities including prolonged Q-Tc interval in 14 cases (37.8 percent), ST-T changes in 11 cases (29.7 percent), and conduction defects in two cases (5.4 percent). Sinus tachycardia occurred in 15 patients (40.5 percent) and sinus bradycardia in seven patients (18.9 percent). Hypertension developed in five patients (13.5 percent) and hypotension in four patients (10.8 percent). Five patients (13.5 percent) needed respiratory support because of respiratory depression of which two patients developed intermediate syndrome. Out of 14 patients with prolonged Q-Tc interval, only one had polymorphic ventricular tachycardia of the torsade de pointes type. Two patients died from non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and one from ventricular fibrillation, giving a hospital mortality of 8.1 percent. CONCLUSION Cardiac complications usually occur during the first hour after exposure. Hypoxemia, electrolyte derangements and acidosis are major predisposing factors for the development of these complications. Intensive supportive treatment, meticulous respiratory care and administration of atropine in adequate doses vary early in the course of the illness will reduce the mortality.
Do Investors Care About the Auditor's Economic Dependence on the Client?

In this study, we investigate whether investor perceptions of the financial reporting credibility of Big Five audits is related to the auditor's economic dependence on the client as measured by nonaudit as well as total (audit and nonaudit) fees paid to the incumbent auditor. We utilize the client-specific ex ante cost of equity capital as a proxy for investor perceptions of financial reporting credibility, and examine auditor fees both as a proportion of the revenues of the audit firm and the revenues of the audit firm's practice office through which the audit was conducted. Our findings suggest that both nonaudit as well as total fees are perceived negatively by investors, i.e., the higher the fees paid to the auditor, the greater the implied threat to auditor independence, and the lower the financial reporting credibility of a Big Five audit. Further, our findings appear to be largely unrelated to corporate governance, i.e., investors do not perceive the auditor as compensating for weak governance. Separately, recent anecdotal evidence suggests that declining revenues from nonaudit services - as a result of recent regulatory restrictions - are being offset by substantial increases in audit fees. Other things being equal, rising audit fees imply higher profit margins for audit services indicating that the audit function may no longer be a loss-leader. Thus, to the extent that investors perceive total fees negatively, recent regulatory initiatives to limit nonaudit fees may not have adequately addressed the perceived, if not the actual, threat to auditor independence posed by fees.
The effect of training on organizational performance: differences by age composition and cultural context

This paper examines the effects of two training-related measures (i.e. average days spent on training an employee per year and the extent of concentration) on three aspects of organizational performance: level of productivity, rate of innovation, and rate of turnover for organizations in Anglo, Germanic, Nordic, and Eastern European cultures, as defined by the Global Leadership and Organization Behavior Effectiveness project. Analysis of the 2004 Cranet survey data indicates that both training-related measures positively affected the level of productivity in Anglo nations, but that the effect of extent of concentration was smaller for organizations with older age profiles.
The Impact of Public Opinion on Public Policy: A Review and an Agenda

This article considers the impact of public opinion on public policy, asking: (1) how much impact it has; (2) how much the impact increases as the salience of issues increases; (3) to what extent the impact of public opinion may be negated by interest groups, social movement organizations, political parties, and elites; (4) whether responsiveness of governments to public opinion has changed over time; and (5) the extent to which our conclusions can be generalized. The source of data is publications published in major journals and included in major literature reviews, systematically coded to record the impact of public opinion on policy. The major findings include: the impact of public opinion is substantial; salience enhances the impact of public opinion; the impact of opinion remains strong even when the activities of political organizations and elites are taken into account; responsiveness appears not to have changed significantly over time; and the extent to which the conclusions can be generalized is limited. Gaps in our knowledge made apparent by the review are addressed in proposals for an agenda for future research.
High spatial resolution quantitative MR images: an experimental study of dedicated surface coils

Measuring spin–spin relaxation times (T2) by quantitative MR imaging represents a potentially efficient tool to evaluate the physicochemical properties of various media. However, noise in MR images is responsible for uncertainties in the determination of T2 relaxation times, which limits the accuracy of parametric tissue analysis. The required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) depends on the T2 relaxation behaviour specific to each tissue. Thus, we have previously shown that keeping the uncertainty in T2 measurements within a limit of 10% implies that SNR values be greater than 100 and 300 for mono- and biexponential T2 relaxation behaviours, respectively. Noise reduction can be obtained either by increasing the voxel size (i.e., at the expense of spatial resolution) or by using high sensitivity dedicated surface coils (which allows us to increase SNR without deteriorating spatial resolution in an excessive manner). However, surface coil sensitivity is heterogeneous, i.e., it— and hence SNR—decreases with increasing depth, and the more so as the coil radius is smaller. The use of surface coils is therefore limited to the analysis of superficial structure such as the hypodermic tissue analysed here. The aim of this work was to determine the maximum limits of spatial resolution and depth compatible with reliable in vivo T2 quantitative MR images using dedicated surface coils available on various clinical MR scanners. The average thickness of adipose tissue is around 15 mm, and the results obtained have shown that obtaining reliable biexponential relaxation analysis requires a minimum achievable voxel size of 13 mm3 for a conventional volume birdcage coil and only of 1.7 mm3 for the smallest available surface coil (23 mm in diameter). Further improvement in spatial resolution allowing us to detect low details in MR images without deteriorating parametric T2 images can be obtained by image filtering. By using the non-linear selective blurring filter described in a previous work, the voxel size was reduced to 0.8 mm3, allowing us to detect microstructures such as fibrous septae while preserving precision in T2 measurements. This paper provides practical information allowing us to perform reliable T2 quantitative MR micro images. High resolution imaging with dedicated surface coils, which is only well-suited to near surface organs, might lead to highly valuable results in this context, especially to analyse the hypodermis involved in the lipodystrophy seen in patients with human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV).
IDENTITY BASED ENCRYPTION : AN APPROACH TO PUBLISH / SUBSCRIBE SYSTEMS THROUGH OUSTING BROKER Mrs

-The provisioning of important security appliances, for example, authentication and confidentiality is very difficult in a content based Publish/subscribe framework. Confirmation of distributers and subscribers is hard to accomplish because of the free coupling of distributers and subscribers. In similar manner, privacy of instances and associations smashes with substance based guiding. [1] This paper introduces a novel way to deal with give confidentiality and authentication in a representative less substance based Publish/subscribe framework. The authentication of distributers and subscribers and in addition privacy of instances is guaranteed, by adjusting the Identity based cryptography components, to the needs of a Publish/subscribe framework. Although our past work[2], [3], this paper contributes 1) Utilization of searchable encryption to empower proficient steering of scrambled instances, 2) Multicredential directing another instance spread technique to support the delicate participation privacy, and 3) Intensive investigation of distinctive attacks on participation classifiedness. The general methodology gives finegrained key administration and the expense for encryption, unscrambling, and directing is in the request of subscribed individualities. In addition, the assessments demonstrate that giving security is reasonable w.r. t. 1) throughput of the proposed cryptographic primitives, and 2) postponements brought about among the development of the Publish/subscribe overlay and the instance scattering.
Flavonoids from Picnomon acarna

A new flavonoid, gossypetin-8,3',4'-trimethyl ether (3,5-dihydroxytrimethoxyflavone) was isolated and its structure elusidated by chemical and spectroscopic methods. The known flavonoids luteolin-7, 3'-dimethyl ether and luteolin-3'-methyl ether were also isolated.