Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Underwater acoustics for ecosystem research: Synthesis of current knowledge and current advances and perspectives in Northeast Brazil

While used in routine for fish biomass assessment in a variety of marine laboratories, underwater acoustics have an unrealized potential for multi-component observations of abiotic and biotic ecosystem characteristics. A growing number of studies is taking advantage of recent improvements (e.g. multifrequency, broad band echosounders) to simultaneously characterize physical structures (e.g. thin layers, internal waves, eddies) and organisms (from zooplankton to whales) patterns of distribution across scales from meters to thousands of kilometers. These progresses open a variety of perspectives for understanding complex processes. In this context, the aim of this short note is twofold: (i) provide examples of the application of ‘ecosystem acoustics’ to describe and quantify complex processes; and (ii) present the current advances and perspective of the application of ecosystem acoustic in Northeast Brazil.
Onto.PT: Automatic Construction of a Lexical Ontology for Portuguese

This ongoing research presents an alternative to the manual creation of lexical resources and proposes an approach towards the automatic construction of a lexical ontology for Portuguese. Textual sources are exploited in order to obtain a lexical network based on terms and, after clustering and mapping, a wordnet-like lexical ontology is created. At the end of the paper, current results are shown.
Essays in inventory control

This thesis studies four important problems faced in the theory of inventory control. The first chapter addresses the issue of calculating optimal inventory policies in stochastic inventory problems, when unknown demand parameters are estimated from a sample of demand observations. A general framework for combining estimation and optimization problems is developed for a class of inventory problems when the demand distribution belongs to the scale-location family. The results show that biasing the scale parameter estimates gives better inventory policies for both cost minimization and service achievement objectives. The second chapter studies a periodic review, single-product, single facility inventory problem with multiple customer classes, each requiring a different service level. Customer demands are random and independent with a stationary probability distribution. The objective is to find a stock allocation policy among the customers and an inventory replenishment policy so as to achieve target customer service levels with minimum possible inventory holding cost. An easy-to-calculate myopic heuristic allocation-order policy is developed and its performance is tested through simulation. The third chapter finds an optimal inventory policy for a classical single-stage, singleproduct, unit demand, continuous review inventory problem where the interdemand times are independent identically distributed random variables with increasing failure rate. Unmet demand is fully backlogged and orders arrive after a lead time. The costs of backlogging and inventory carrying are linear. The objective is to minimize the long run average cost. If there is no fixed cost for placing an order, it is proven that a Delay ed(s-l,s) policy is optimal. In case of a fixed order cost, a Delayed-(s,S) policy is proven to
915-MHz FSK/OOK Wireless Neural Recording SoC With 64 Mixed-Signal FIR Filters

A system-on-chip (SoC) neural recording interface with 64 channels, 64 16-tap programmable mixed-signal FIR filters and a fully integrated 915 MHz OOK/FSK PLL-based wireless transmitter is presented. Each recording channel has a fully differential amplifier with 54 dB gain and utilizes a tunable low-distortion subthreshold MOS-resistor to reject DC offsets with an input-referred noise of 6.5 μV and a CMRR of 75 dB. Each channel contains a modified 8-bit SAR ADC with an ENOB of 7.8-bits and can provide analog-digital multiplication by modifying the the sampling phase of the ADC. It is used in conjunction with 12-bit digital adders and registers to implement 64 programmable transposed FIR filters. The 915 MHz FSK/OOK transmitter offers data rates up to 1.5 Mbps and a maximum output power of 0 dBm. The 4×3 mm2 chip fabricated in a 0.13 μm CMOS process dissipates 5.03 mW from a 1.2 V supply. Experimental measurements characterize the electrical performance of the wireless SoC. In vivo measurement results from freely moving rats are also presented.
Patterns, causes and consequences of tooth wear in cervids

2 LIST OF INDIVIDUAL PAPERS 4 INTRODUCTION 5 TOOTH DESIGN, WEAR AND FUNCTIONALITY IN HERBIVORES 7 HERBIVORE DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS – CONSTRAINTS AND ADVANTAGES 11 ALTERATIONS OF RETICULO-RUMEN DYNAMICS IN RESPONSE TO FORAGE QUALITY 13 FEEDING TYPE CLASSIFICATION: THE BROWSER-GRAZER CONTINUUM 14 MATERIAL AND METHODS 16 SVALBARD REINDEER – LIVING AT THE POLAR FRONTIER 17 MOOSE – THE LARGEST CONTEMPORARY CERVID 18 RED DEER – A FLEXIBLE FORAGER ON ITS DISTRIBUTION BORDERS 19 ROE DEER – THE SMALLEST NATIVE RUMINANT IN EUROPE 20 MEASURING TEETH 22 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 24 The consequences of age and body growth patterns on tooth wear and its implications on forage mastication (Paper I) 24 Increased reticulo-rumen dimension and fill with advancing age in Svalbard reindeer: causes and consequences (Paper II) 26 Tooth wear and lifespan (Paper III) 28 The ecology and evolution of tooth wear (Paper IV) 29 CONCLUDING REMARKS 31 REFERENCES 34 Patterns, causes and consequences of tooth wear in cervids
Rapid Visual Event-Specific Detection of Soybean DP-356043-5 by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)

Recently, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method has been rapidly developed and shown promise for direct detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). We developed a LAMP method for detecting GM soybean DP-356043-5. The optimum amplification was performed at 65°C within 60min, with a set of four specific primers that recognize six distinct sequences on the target gene. The result verdict was based on SYBR Green I and agarose gel electrophoresis. Different plant materials were utilized to ensure the specificity of developed LAMP assay, and the result indicated high specificity. The sensitivity of LAMP was detected at low concentration (1% _ 0.005%), and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.05%, corresponding to about 20 copies. The results revealed the LAMP assay developed can provide a reliable and efficient method to detect the GM soybean DP-356043-5, which was a rapid and high-throughput analysis.
Dolev-Yao is no better than Machiavelli

Abstract : We show that all attacks that can be mounted by a traditional Dolev-Yao intruder against common cryptographic protocols can be enacted by an apparently weaker `Machiavellian' adversary in which compromised principals will not share long-term secrets and will not send arbitrary messages. We also show that a Dolev-Yao adversary composed of multiple compromised principals is attack-equivalent to an adversary consisting of a single dishonest principal who is only willing to produce messages in valid protocol form.
Patterns of Gene Expression During Drosophila Mesoderm Development

The transcription factor Twist initiates Drosophilamesoderm development, resulting in the formation of heart, somatic muscle, and other cell types. Using a Drosophila embryo sorter, we isolated enough homozygous twist mutant embryos to perform DNA microarray experiments. Transcription profiles oftwist loss-of-function embryos, embryos with ubiquitoustwist expression, and wild-type embryos were compared at different developmental stages. The results implicate hundreds of genes, many with vertebrate homologs, in stage-specific processes in mesoderm development. One such gene, gleeful, related to the vertebrate Gli genes, is essential for somatic muscle development and sufficient to cause neural cells to express a muscle marker.
New paradigm shift in wireless communication networks - Cognitive radio

Cognitive Radios have been proposed as an effective and an efficient solution for the problem of underutilization of spectrum by licensed user. Non cooperative and cooperative detection methods are mentioned under which proper channelization of non cooperative technique is discussed. Different data compression techniques are also indexed in the literature. The presented paper emphasizes mainly on minimizing the detection time by the use of dedicated sensing receiver, using the concept of FFT for calculating the variation in spectrum sensing time with number of antennas and resolution frequency.
A Preliminary Checklist for Capturing Baseline Situations in Studying the Impacts of Agile Practices Introduction

To assess the benefits of introducing Agile practices, it is important to get a clear understanding of the baseline situation, i.e. the situation before their introduction. Without a clear baseline, we cannot properly assess the extent of impacts, both positive and negative, of introducing Agile practices. This paper provides a preliminary guideline to help researchers in capturing and reporting baseline situations. The guideline has been developed through the study of literature and interviews with industry practitioners, and validated by experts in academia.
The demise of guys: Why boys are struggling and what we can do about it.

the demise of guys why boys are struggling and what we can do about it kindle edition philip g zimba are a good way to achieve details about operating certainproducts. Many products that you buy can be obtained using instruction manuals. These user guides are clearlybuilt to give step-b-step information about how you ought to go ahead in operating certain equipments. Ahandbook is really a user's guide to operating the equipments. Should you loose your best guide or even the productwould not provide an instructions, you can easily obtain one on the net. You can search for the manual of yourchoice online. Here, it is possible to work with google to browse through the available user guide and find the mainone you'll need. On the net, you'll be able to discover the manual that you might want with great ease andsimplicity
Alloreactive fetal T cells promote uterine contractility in preterm labor via IFN-γ and TNF-α

Human fetal T cell activation against maternal antigens could promote uterine contractions in preterm labor. Feisty fetal T cells can rebel in utero Typically, when the fetal-maternal interface is examined, most of the focus is on the maternal cells tolerating the fetus. However, although the adaptive immune system of the fetus is not fully mature, fetal T cells exist and may recognize maternal cells. Frascoli et al. compared cord blood samples from pregnancies that ended in spontaneous preterm labor to those that were full term. They saw an increase in inflammatory cytokines and TH1 central memory fetal T cells in the preterm labor cases, as well as stronger reactions to maternal antigens. Experiments in vitro and in a mouse model suggested that production of TNF-α and IFN-γ by these fetal T cells may actually instigate preterm labor. Their results show that fetal T cells cannot be assumed to be inert and, perhaps, can influence the health of the pregnancy. Healthy pregnancy is the most successful form of graft tolerance, whereas preterm labor (PTL) may represent a breakdown in maternal-fetal tolerance. Although maternal immune responses have been implicated in pregnancy complications, fetal immune responses against maternal antigens are often not considered. To examine the fetal immune system in the relevant clinical setting, we analyzed maternal and cord blood in patients with PTL and healthy term controls. We report here that the cord blood of preterm infants has higher amounts of inflammatory cytokines and a greater activation of dendritic cells. Moreover, preterm cord blood is characterized by the presence of a population of central memory cells with a type 1 T helper phenotype, which is absent in term infants, and an increase in maternal microchimerism. T cells from preterm infants mount a robust proliferative, proinflammatory response to maternal antigens compared to term infants yet fail to respond to third-party antigens. Furthermore, we show that T cells from preterm infants stimulate uterine myometrial contractility through interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor–α. In parallel, we found that adoptive transfer of activated T cells directly into mouse fetuses resulted in pregnancy loss. Our findings indicate that fetal inflammation and rejection of maternal antigens can contribute to the signaling cascade that promotes uterine contractility and that aberrant fetal immune responses should be considered in the pathogenesis of PTL.
Aplicação do Questionário Internacional de Atividades Físicas para avaliação do nível de atividades físicas de mulheres idosas: validade concorrente e reprodutibilidade teste-reteste. Application of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for evaluation of elderly women: concurrent 

BENEDETTI, T.B. , MAZO, G.Z. , BARROS, M.V. G. Application of the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) for evaluation of elderly women: concurrent validity and test-retest reprodutibility R. bras. Ci e Mov. 2004; 12(1): 25-34. The objective of this study was to determine the reprodutibility and concurrent validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ #8, long version, usual week) for evaluation of the old women's physical activities level. The sample was constituted by 41 women, around 67 years old (sd=4.8). Two applications (T1 and T2) of IPAQ were accomplished with 15 days of interval, which allowed obtaining data about the consistence of measures (test-retest). Besides that, the level of physical activities of the subjects was estimated with the use of motion sensors (pedometers) and a physical activity diary (PAD). The reproducibility measure was obtained by comparing T1 and T2 IPAQ scores. The level of concurrent validity was determined comparing the IPAQ scores with the measures determined through pedometer and PAD. The statistical analysis included the intraclass correlation (R), Spearman correlation (r) and Kappa index (K). It was observed that the general physical activity level established by IPAQ presents little variability among the applications T1 and T2, verifying relatively high coefficients for these measures of intraclass correlation (R=0,88) and Spearman correlation (r=0,77). For the indicators of concurrent validity were observed low correlation indexes among the measures obtained by IPAQ and the pedometer (K=0,27; r=0,27). In comparing the measures of IPAQ with the ones obtained by DAF, the correlation indexes found were superior (K=0,37; r=0,54). Considered the available evidences about the subject and the limitations of this study, it is concluded that IPAQ presents good reprodutibility level and moderate level of concurrent validity against the adopted reference measures.
Transfusion of stored platelets: balancing risks and product availability

: Platelet (PLT) transfusions are used for both treatment of bleeding and preventing bleeding in patients with thrombocytopenia and/or functionally abnormal PLTs. To ensure the efficacy of transfused PLTs, they must be stored at room temperature. Due to this storage requirement, PLTs have a short shelf life compared with other blood components of up to 5–7 days to minimize the risk of bacterial contamination. This short shelf life can lead to PLT short-ages at times of increased demand or reduced supply and also higher wastage due to expiry. Increasing the PLT storage duration has the potential to improve PLT availability at times of altered demand or supply. However, in addition to the risk of bacterial contamination, functional and biochemical changes occur in PLTs and their storage medium during storage that may lead to PLT activation, changes in efficacy, and adverse events. This narrative review analyzes the issues around PLT inventory management and potential risks of stored PLTs. Although in vitro studies show accumulation of reactive biomarkers in PLT units, the clinical significance of these changes remains uncertain and there is currently no evidence for an association between PLT storage duration and adverse events. Furthermore, PLTs processed and stored for up to 7 days in defined conditions could be as safe as fresh PLTs. Large prospective studies are warranted to better evaluate the safety of PLTs with extended storage and to define the best practice of optimizing PLT inventory management while maintaining PLT transfusion safety.
Mechanism of Uptake and Incorporation of the Non-human Sialic Acid N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid into Human Cells*

N-Glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is a widely expressed sialic acid in mammalian cells. Although humans are genetically deficient in producing Neu5Gc, small amounts are present in human cells in vivo. A dietary origin was suggested by human volunteer studies and by observing that free Neu5Gc is metabolically incorporated into cultured human carcinoma cells by unknown mechanisms. We now show that free Neu5Gc uptake also occurs in other human and mammalian cells. Inhibitors of certain non-clathrin-mediated endocytic pathways reduce Neu5Gc accumulation. Studies with human mutant cells show that the lysosomal sialic acid transporter is required for metabolic incorporation of free Neu5Gc. Incorporation of glycosidically bound Neu5Gc from exogenous glycoconjugates (relevant to human gut epithelial exposure to dietary Neu5Gc) requires the transporter as well as the lysosomal sialidase, which presumably acts to release free Neu5Gc. Thus, exogenous Neu5Gc reaches lysosomes via pinocytic/endocytic pathways and is exported in free form into the cytosol, becoming available for activation and transfer to glycoconjugates. In contrast, N-glycolylmannosamine (ManNGc) apparently traverses the plasma membrane by passive diffusion and becomes available for conversion to Neu5Gc in the cytosol. This mechanism can also explain the metabolic incorporation of chemically synthesized unnatural sialic acids, as reported by others. Finally, to our knowledge, this is the first example of delivery to the cytosol of an extracellular small molecule that cannot cross the plasma membrane, utilizing fluid pinocytosis and a specific lysosomal transporter. The approach could, thus, potentially be generalized to any small molecule that has a specific lysosomal transporter but not a plasma membrane transporter.
Organizational learning model of cooperative distributed sensing for automation production line

As the complexity and diversity of commodity specifications increase, sensor automation for product inspection is becoming more difficult. In particular, the need to tune sensors so that they are customized to specific conditions and environmental factors is making such automation a very difficult task. This paper presents a method for automating such a sensor-tuning process, which is based upon a distributed sensing approach using multiple vision sensors. We focus on the effects of varying the inter-agent dependence as well as the agent-organization dependence on the overall performance, and we discuss the results in terms of organizational learning.
The Role of Electric Field and Ultrasonication in the Deposition and Alignment of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks Using Dielectrophoresis

The effects of electric field and ultrasonication on the deposition and alignment of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) across a 10 μm electrode gap have been studied. It was found that a frequency of ~1 MHz of the applied field yields the largest current independent of the magnitude of the voltage or the ultrasonication time of the sample. Increasing the ultrasonication time of a SWCNT solution changes the I-V characteristics of the deposited nanotubes from linear to nonlinear for all the voltages and frequencies of the applied field. Even in the absence of an electric field, SWCNTs bridged the electrode gap up to a critical sonication time which depends on the concentration of nanotubes in the solution.
The Bioluminescence Heterozygous Genome Assembler

The Bioluminescence Heterozygous Genome Assembler Jared C. Price Department of Computer Science, BYU Master of Science High-throughput DNA sequencing technologies are currently revolutionizing the fields of biology and medicine by elucidating the structure and function of the components of life. Modern DNA sequencing machines typically produce relatively short reads of DNA which are then assembled by software in an attempt to produce a representation of the entire genome. Due to the complex structure of all but the smallest genomes, especially the abundant presence of exact or almost exact repeats, all genome assemblers introduce errors into the final sequence and output a relatively large set of contigs instead of full-length chromosomes (a contig is a DNA sequence built from the overlaps between many reads). These problems are dramatically worse when homologous copies of the same chromosome differ substantially. Currently such genomes are usually avoided as assembly targets and, when they are not avoided, they generally produce assemblies of relatively low quality. An improved algorithm for the assembly of such data would dramatically improve our understanding of the genetics of a large class of organisms. We present a unique algorithm for the assembly of diploid genomes which have a high degree of variation between homologous chromosomes. The approach uses coverage, graph patterns and machine-learning classification to identify haplotype-specific sequences in the input reads. It then uses these haplotype-specific markers to guide an improved assembly. We validate the approach with a large experiment that isolates and elucidates the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on genome assembly more clearly than any previous study. The experiment conclusively demonstrates that the Bioluminescence heterozygous genome assembler produces dramatically longer contigs with fewer haplotype-switch errors than competing algorithms under conditions of high heterozygosity.
Publication decisions revisited: the effect of the outcome of statistical tests on the decision to p

Abstract This article presents evidence that published results of scientific investigations are not a representative sample of results of all scientific studies. Research studies from 11 major journals demonstrate the existence of biases that favor studies that observe effects that, on statistical evaluation, have a low probability of erroneously rejecting the so-called null hypothesis (H 0). This practice makes the probability of erroneously rejecting H 0 different for the reader than for the investigator. It introduces two biases in the interpretation of the scientific literature: one due to multiple repetition of studies with false hypothesis, and one due to failure to publish smaller and less significant outcomes of tests of a true hypotheses. These practices distort the results of literature surveys and of meta-analyses. These results also indicate that practice leading to publication bias have not changed over a period of 30 years.
Distance-Based Probability Model for Octree Coding

We present a context-driven method to encode nodes of an octree, which is typically used to encode the point-cloud geometry. Instead of using one bit per node of the tree, the context allows for deriving probabilities for that node based on distances of the actual voxel to the voxels in a reference point cloud. Accurate probabilities of the node state allow for the use of an arithmetic coder to reduce the bit rate. Results point to potentially large reductions in rate if there is a good model from which to derive the context, i.e., one can get large reductions if the reference-cloud geometry is close enough to the one being encoded.