Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
- 1-An Assessment of Urban Park Values and Residential Properties Utilizing GIS in

Urban parks and open space have always been a valuable asset to human communities. They are multi-faceted in the kind of value that they have provided to local communities. For this reason, parks and open space have been given much attention during the planning processes in the urban environment. Urban parks have not only provided recreation benefits to communities, but have provided much economic wealth to local communities. Community residents have noted the benefits of urban parks. In many urban environments, residential property values have increased near parks as a direct result. The City of Rochester, Minnesota has been acknowledged as having a very strong urban park system. The city’s several ravines, rivers and woodland areas have provided natural corridors for the development of its park system. A strong economy in Rochester has resulted in continuous urban growth. Along with the city’s growth, the downtown and residential areas are now becoming more urbanized. Rochester has also been noted for its stable property and housing prices. City property is in demand, and will continue to be in great demand for years to come. As Rochester expands, its parks system needs to be considered during the urban planning processes to protect the high sense of residential value that Rochester is known for today. This study takes a look at the values that Rochester’s urban parks are given by the local communities, and more specifically, the correlation between the urban parks and residential property value. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was implemented to show direct patterns and correlations between the city park system and residential
Impact of neuropsychological rehabilitation on activities of daily living and community reintegration of patients with traumatic brain injury

Objectives: The present study was targeted to observe the impact of neuropsychological rehabilitation on activities of daily living (ADL) and community reintegration of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Settings and Participants: Based on purposive sampling technique, ten patients with TBI falling in the age range of 20–40 years and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were chosen from All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, India. Design: A quasi-experimental design, i.e., nonequivalent control group design was chosen for the study. Materials and Methods: Patients were assessed on Luria–Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery for Adults, Cognitive Symptoms Checklist, and Community Integration Questionnaire. Patients in experimental group were given neuropsychological rehabilitation for 6 months. Brainwave-R and Talking Pen were used as rehabilitative tools. Results: Patients with TBI have significant neuropsychological deficits observed in memory, visuo-spatial organization, arithmetic, spelling, writing, fine motor coordination, and executive functioning. Neuropsychological deficits have a major impact on ADL and community reintegration. Neuropsychological rehabilitation is effective in rehabilitating neuropsychological deficits, which in turn leads to improvement in ADL and community reintegration. Conclusion: Neuropsychological rehabilitation should be one of the major goals in rehabilitation procedures for patients with TBI in order to bring overall improvement in them.
Calcium phosphate cement for bone filler applications

Various formulations of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) have been developed to get cement paste with optimum setting times, injection capabilities, as well as mechanical and biological properties. This is important to ensure that CPC is applicable for clinical uses as bone filler materials. The existing studies on CPC have investigated factors affecting its properties which include liquid-to-powder ratio, types of solid and liquid phases used, concentration of liquid phase, and particle size of powder phase. One of the promising and interesting routes to improve properties of CPC is by incorporating polymeric additives as setting agents, such as gelatin, alginate, chitosan and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The aim of this paper is to review the recent developments of CPC for bone filler applications.
Factors Influencing Central Lamina Cribrosa Depth: A Multicenter Study

Purpose To quantify the influence of ocular and demographic factors on central laminar depth (LD) in healthy participants. Methods A total of 362 normal subjects underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) enhanced depth imaging of the optic nerve head (ONH) with a 24 radial B-scan pattern aligned to the fovea–to–Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) axis. BMO, anterior lamina, anterior scleral canal opening (ASCO), Bruch's membrane (BM), and the peripapillary scleral surface were manually segmented. The extent of laminar segmentation was quantified within 72 ASCO subsectors. Central LD was quantified relative to four reference planes: BMO, ASCO, BM, and scleral. The effects of age, sex, ethnicity, IOP, BMO area, ASCO area, and axial length on LD were assessed. Results Laminar visibility was most consistent within the central ASCO (median 89%, range, 69%–95%). LDBMO and LDBM were significantly shallower in eyes with greater age, BMO area, and axial length and in females. LDASCO was shallower in eyes with greater ASCO area and axial length and in European and Hispanic descent compared to African descent eyes. LDSclera behaved similarly, but was not associated with axial length. BMO and ASCO area were not different between African descent and European descent eyes. Conclusions Central LD was deeper in African descent eyes and influenced least by age, axial length, and sex, but more by ASCO area, when measured relative to the ASCO and sclera. However, the magnitude of these effects for all four reference planes was small, and their clinical importance in the detection of glaucoma and its progression remains to be determined.
Challenges in radiation protection of patients for the 21st century.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to presage the upcoming challenges in the area of radiation protection of patients in imaging for different stakeholders, such as dosimetrists, radiation biologists, patients, referring physicians, radiologists, radiographers, medical physicists, and manufacturers. CONCLUSION Most of the challenges facing different stakeholders are actually based on the contribution required from industry; thus, manufacturers play the greatest role in making patients safer in this century.
On the Effect of Update Frequency on Geo-Indistinguishability of Mobility Traces

Sharing location data is becoming more popular as mobile devices become ubiquitous. Location-based service providers use this type of data to provide geographically contextualized services to their users. However, sharing exact locations with possibly untrustworthy entities poses a thread to privacy. Geo-indistinguishability has been recently proposed as a formal notion based on the concept of differential privacy to design location privacy-preserving mechanisms in the context of sporadic release of location data. While adaptations for the case of continuous location updates have been proposed, the study on how the frequency of updates impacts the privacy and utility level is yet to be made. In this paper we address this issue, by analyzing the effect of frequency updates on the privacy and utility levels of four mechanisms: the standard planar Laplacian mechanism suitable for sparse locations, and three variants of an adaptive mechanism that is an adaptation of the standard mechanism for continuous location updates. Results show that the frequency of updates largely impacts the correlation between points. As the frequency of updates decreases, the correlation also decreases. The adaptive mechanism is able to adjust the privacy and utility levels accordingly to the correlation between past positions and current position. However, the estimator function that is used to predict the current location has a great influence in the obtained results.
Ultrafast spectroscopy reveals subnanosecond peptide conformational dynamics and validates molecular dynamics simulation

Femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopy on model peptides with built-in light switches combined with computer simulation of light-triggered motions offers an attractive integrated approach toward the understanding of peptide conformational dynamics. It was applied to monitor the light-induced relaxation dynamics occurring on subnanosecond time scales in a peptide that was backbone-cyclized with an azobenzene derivative as optical switch and spectroscopic probe. The femtosecond spectra permit the clear distinguishing and characterization of the subpicosecond photoisomerization of the chromophore, the subsequent dissipation of vibrational energy, and the subnanosecond conformational relaxation of the peptide. The photochemical cis/trans-isomerization of the chromophore and the resulting peptide relaxations have been simulated with molecular dynamics calculations. The calculated reaction kinetics, as monitored by the energy content of the peptide, were found to match the spectroscopic data. Thus we verify that all-atom molecular dynamics simulations can quantitatively describe the subnanosecond conformational dynamics of peptides, strengthening confidence in corresponding predictions for longer time scales.
p53 Negatively Regulates RGS13 Protein Expression in Immune Cells*

RGS13, a member of the regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) family, inhibits G protein-coupled receptor signaling in B cells and mast cells (MCs) and suppresses IgE-antigen-induced MC degranulation and anaphylaxis. Although RGS13 expression is induced by immune receptor and chemokine receptor stimulation, the molecular regulation of RGS13 transcription is unknown. Here, we investigated the role of two p53 response elements (REs) in the regulation of RGS13 promoter activity and expression. We found that a 1000-bp DNA fragment upstream of the ATG translation start site (TSS) had promoter activity in reporter gene assays, and deletion or mutation of a p53-binding motif nearest the TSS abolished promoter activity. Notably, p53 bound to both REs in the RGS13 promoter in vivo as assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation, suggesting that the p53 RE most distal to the TSS is physiologically inactive. We detected reduced RGS13 expression in MCs exogenously expressing p53 or treated with doxorubicin, which induces genotoxic stress and leads to p53 accumulation. RNA silencing of p53 up-regulated RGS13 expression in B lymphocytes, and bone marrow-derived MCs from p53−/− mice had increased RGS13 expression. Finally, p53-depleted B cells with increased RGS13 expression had reduced Ca2+ mobilization in response to sphingosine 1-phosphate. These studies indicate that p53 may modulate immune responses through suppression of RGS13 transcription in MCs and B cells.
A Workbench for Rapid Generation of Cross-Lingual Summaries

The need for cross-lingual information access is more than ever with the easy accessibility to the Internet, especially in vastly multilingual societies like India. Cross-lingual summarization can help minimize human effort needed for achieving publishable articles in multiple languages, while making the most important information available in target language in the form of summaries. We describe a ﬂexible, web-based tool for human editing of cross-lingual summaries to rapidly generate publishable summaries in a number of Indian Languages for news articles originally published in English, and simultaneously collect detailed logs about the process, at both article and sentence level. Similar to translation post-editing logs, such logs can be used to evaluate the automated cross-lingual summaries, in terms of effort needed to make them publishable. The generated summaries along with the logs can be used to train and improve the automatic system over time.
An Exploratory Study of the ODL Course in Structural Engineering

The study was conducted on a structural steel design module taught via distance learning mode at the University of South Africa, UNISA. Structural steel design is part of structural engineering under the broad field of civil engineering. It is very challenging for students to learn or study structural steel design in an open distance learning (ODL) environment; because students struggle to put concepts in the correct perspective without any assistance. This lead to few but major challenges such as poor pass rates, graduates with low confidence and lack of quality skills and decision-making. In addressing these challenges, few interventions were introduced including improving communication and teaching methods, redesigning study materials and prescribing up to date books. The interventions were implemented progressively from the year 2013 up to date, and the outcomes measure was the examinations. The examination results showed that the pass rates has been improving annually after 2013, with the overall pass percentages increasing and the number of distinctions increasing from 0 to 6. This implies that the intervention that were implemented are effective but needs to be applied strategically.
Experimental investigation of exercise-related hedonic responses to preferred and imposed media content

Background: We evaluated the differential influence of preferred versus imposed media selections on distinct hedonic responses to an acute bout of treadmill walking. Methods: Twenty university students were recruited for this [160 person-visit] laboratory experiment, which employed a within-subject, counter-balanced design. Participants were exposed to 8 experimental conditions, including (1) Exercise Only, (2) Texting Only, (3) Preferred Phone Call, (4) Imposed Phone Call, (5) Preferred Music Playlist, (6) Imposed Music Playlist, (7)Preferred Video and (8) Imposed Video. During each visit (except Texting Only), participants completed a 10-minute bout of walking on the treadmill at a self-selected pace. Walking speed was identical for all experimental conditions. Before, at the midpoint of exercise, and post-exercise, participants completed the Feeling Scale (FS) and the Felt Arousal Scale (FAS) to measure acute hedonic response. The Affective Circumplex Scale was administered pre-exercise and post-exercise. Results: Significant pre-post change scores were observed for happy (Imposed Call: P=0.05;Preferred Music: P=0.02; Imposed Video: P=0.03), excited (Exercise Only: P=0.001; PreferredVideo: P=0.01; Imposed Video: P=0.03), sad (Preferred Music: P=0.05), anxious (ExerciseOnly: P=0.05; Preferred Video: P=0.01), and fatigue (Exercise Only: P=0.03; Imposed Video:P=0.002). For the FS all change scores were statistically significant from pre-to-mid and pre-topost (P<0.05). Conclusion: This experiment provides strong evidence that entertaining media platforms substantively influences hedonic responses to exercise. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Automatic fetal weight estimation using 3D ultrasonography

This paper proposes a novel and fast approach for automatic estimation of the fetal weights from 3D ultrasound data. Conventional manual approaches are time-consuming and involve inconsistence by different sonographers because of the difficulty to trace limb boundaries in complicated Ultrasound limb volumes. It takes up to 10 minutes to manually trace the surface borders of a 20cm long limb. Using our automatic approach, the time is significantly reduced to 2.1 seconds for measuring the weights based on the entire limb. Experiments with the automatic approach also show comparable standard deviation and limits of agreement to the manual approaches.
Meteorological effects on the daily activity patterns of tabanid biting flies in northern Queensland, Australia

Information on the daily activity patterns of tabanid flies is important in the development of strategies that decrease the risk of pathogens transmitted by them. In addition, this information is useful to maximize numbers of tabanids trapped during short‐term studies and to target feeding behavior studies of certain tabanid species to their times of peak activity. The current study examined the effects of various meteorological factors on the daily activity patterns of common tropical species of tabanids in north Queensland. Each species studied responded differently to weather factors. Tabanus townsvilli Ricardo (Diptera: Tabanidae) was most active during late morning and early afternoon, whereas Pseudotabanus silvester (Bergroth) and Tabanus pallipennis Macquart were most active in the late afternoon. Tabanus dorsobimaculatus Macquart was most active in the morning and early afternoon.
Characterizing and decomposing classes of threshold, split, and bipartite graphs via 1‐Sperner hypergraphs

A hypergraph is said to be 1‐Sperner if for every two hyperedges the smallest of their two set differences is of size one. We present several applications of 1 ‐Sperner hypergraphs to graphs. First, we consider several ways of associating hypergraphs to graphs, namely, vertex cover, clique, independent set, dominating set, and closed neighborhood hypergraphs. For each of them, we characterize graphs yielding 1 ‐Sperner hypergraphs. These results give new characterizations of threshold and domishold graphs. Second, we apply a characterization of 1 ‐Sperner hypergraphs to derive decomposition theorems for two classes of split graphs, a class of bipartite graphs, and a class of cobipartite graphs. These decomposition theorems, based on certain matrix partitions, lead to new classes of graphs of bounded clique‐width and new polynomially solvable cases of three basic domination problems: domination, total domination, and connected domination.
Estimation of bone strength from pediatric radiographs of the forearm.

OBJECTIVE Bone strength is a function of both material and architectural properties. However, bone geometry or architecture, which determines the distribution of bone, is an underappreciated determinant of bone strength. The aim of the study was to evaluate the contribution of only architecture to bone strength. METHODS We used 2-D (planar) geometric information from radiographs of human radii to construct 3-D finite-element models. To transition from 2-D to 3-D (volume) space, we assumed that all bone cross-sections were elliptical in shape. The finite-element models were subjected to cantilever loading to determine the locations in the bone with the highest propensity to fracture (points of maximum stress). The finite-element-analysis results of the models generated from radiographs of both normal (18) and temporary-brittle-bone-disease (11) infants were subjected to a receiver operating curve analysis. The area under the receiver operating curve was used to evaluate the power of a given bone-strength indicator in segregating the two populations. The actual choice of the material properties (Young's modulus or Poisson's ratio) was not critical for this study, since the finite element analyses were designed to capture the difference in the bone strength of the two populations only based on their architecture. Therefore, the material properties were assumed to be the same in both the normal and TBBD populations. RESULTS The area under the curve of the bending load required to cause fracture among the two populations was 0.82. Other bone-strength indicators, such as average section modulus, cortical thickness and bone length, were associated with an area under the curve of 0.75, 0.73 and 0.63, respectively. CONCLUSION The results of the finite-element-analysis suggest that the temporary-brittle-bone-disease population has an altered bone geometry, which increases susceptibility to fracture under normal bending loads.
Acoustic correlates of word stress: A cross-linguistic survey

Abstract The study of the acoustic correlates of word stress has been a fruitful area of phonetic research since the seminal research on American English by Dennis Fry over 50 years ago. This paper presents results of a cross-linguistic survey designed to distill a clearer picture of the relative robustness of different acoustic exponents of what has been referred to as word stress. Drawing on a survey of 110 (sub-) studies on 75 languages, we discuss the relative efficacy of various acoustic parameters in distinguishing stress levels.
Risk of immune-related colitis with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors vs chemotherapy in solid tumors: systems assessment

Background: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of immune-related colitis associated with PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors as compared to chemotherapy in solid tumor patients. Methods: Eligible studies were identified through a comprehensive search of multiple databases and included solid tumor patients in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. The data was analyzed by Stata version 12.0 software. Results: After exclusion of ineligible studies, 11 clinical trials were considered eligible for the meta-analysis, including 5751 patients. Compared with chemotherapy, the risk ratios (RRs) of all-grade colitis were significant for the PD-1 inhibitor subgroup (RR 2.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15-6.29, p=0.023), and for pembrolizumab subgroup (RR 3.17, 95% CI: 1.08-9.37, p=0.037), but not for nivolumab treatment and PD-L1 inhibitor (atezolizumab) treatment (RR 2.05, 95% CI: 0.52-8.13, p=0.305; RR 4.75,95% CI: 0.56-40.50, p=0.154, respectively). The RR of all-grade colitis was significant for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in NSCLC (RR 4.34, 95% CI: 1.37-13.82, p=0.013), and not significant in melanoma (RR 2.11, 95% CI: 0.54-8.34, p=0.285). Moreover, the RRs of all-grade diarrhea were significant for the PD-1 inhibitor subgroup (RR 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44-0.83, p=0.002), for the nivolumab subgroup (RR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.87, p=0.012), and for atezolizumab subgroup (RR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.25-0.89, p=0.021). The RR of high-grade diarrhea was significant for atezolizumab subgroup (RR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12-0.94, p=0.037). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis demonstrates that compared with chemotherapy, pembrolizumab may result in a higher risk of all-grade immune-mediated colitis. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment in NSCLC patients, but not in melanoma patients, increases the risk of all-grade colitis incidence.
Rho-estimators revisited: General theory and applications

Following Baraud, Birg\'e and Sart (2017), we pursue our attempt to design a robust universal estimator of the joint ditribution of $n$ independent (but not necessarily i.i.d.) observations for an Hellinger-type loss. Given such observations with an unknown joint distribution $\mathbf{P}$ and a dominated model $\mathscr{Q}$ for $\mathbf{P}$, we build an estimator $\widehat{\mathbf{P}}$ based on $\mathscr{Q}$ and measure its risk by an Hellinger-type distance. When $\mathbf{P}$ does belong to the model, this risk is bounded by some quantity which relies on the local complexity of the model in a vicinity of $\mathbf{P}$. In most situations this bound corresponds to the minimax risk over the model (up to a possible logarithmic factor). When $\mathbf{P}$ does not belong to the model, its risk involves an additional bias term proportional to the distance between $\mathbf{P}$ and $\mathscr{Q}$, whatever the true distribution $\mathbf{P}$. From this point of view, this new version of $\rho$-estimators improves upon the previous one described in Baraud, Birg\'e and Sart (2017) which required that $\mathbf{P}$ be absolutely continuous with respect to some known reference measure. Further additional improvements have been brought as compared to the former construction. In particular, it provides a very general treatment of the regression framework with random design as well as a computationally tractable procedure for aggregating estimators. We also give some conditions for the Maximum Likelihood Estimator to be a $\rho$-estimator. Finally, we consider the situation where the Statistician has at disposal many different models and we build a penalized version of the $\rho$-estimator for model selection and adaptation purposes. In the regression setting, this penalized estimator not only allows to estimate the regression function but also the distribution of the errors.