Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Continuous Stroke Unit Electrocardiographic Monitoring Versus 24-Hour Holter Electrocardiography for Detection of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation After Stroke

Background and Purpose— Cardioembolism in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pxAF) is a frequent cause of ischemic stroke. Sensitive detection of pxAF after stroke is crucial for adequate secondary stroke prevention; the optimal diagnostic modality to detect pxAF on stroke units is unknown. We compared 24-hour Holter electrocardiography (ECG) with continuous stroke unit ECG monitoring (CEM) for pxAF detection. Methods— Patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack were prospectively enrolled. After a 12-channel ECG on admission, all patients received 24-hour Holter ECG and CEM. Additionally, ECG monitoring data underwent automated analysis using dedicated software to identify pxAF. Patients with a history of atrial fibrillation or with atrial fibrillation on the admission ECG were excluded. Results— Four hundred ninety-six patients (median age, 69 years; 61.5% male) fulfilled all inclusion criteria (ischemic stroke: 80.4%; transient ischemic attack: 19.6%). Median stroke unit stay lasted 88.8 hours (interquartile range, 65.0–122.0). ECG data for automated CEM analysis were available for a median time of 64.0 hours (43.0–89.8). Paroxysmal AF was documented in 41 of 496 patients (8.3%). Of these, Holter detected pxAF in 34.1%; CEM in 65.9%; and automated CEM in 92.7%. CEM and automated CEM detected significantly more patients with pxAF than Holter (P<0.001), and automated CEM detected more patients than CEM (P<0.001). Conclusions— Automated analysis of CEM improves pxAF detection in patients with stroke on stroke units compared with 24-hour Holter ECG. The comparative usefulness of prolonged or repetitive Holter ECG recordings requires further evaluation.
Graphene/Carbon Nanotube Films Prepared by Solution Casting for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Graphene oxide/carbon nanotube (GO/CNT) films with different CNT contents were prepared by a solution-casting method. The oxygen-containing groups on the GO/CNT films were removed by thermal annealing at 200°C and the corresponding hybrid graphene/CNT films were obtained. The graphene/CNT films have good mechanical and electrical properties as well as high stability in electrolyte due to the combination of the film-formation capability of graphenes and the excellent mechanical and electrical properties of CNTs. These graphene/CNT films could be directly used as a supercapacitor electrode without assistance of any binders and metal current collectors, demonstrating good electrochemical capacitance performance with the specific capacitance of 70-110 F/g at a low scan rate of 1 mV/s.
Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumours: Indolent but Not Benign

Background: The aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the malignant behaviour of low-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) treated at our institution. Patients and Methods: We reviewed 48 consecutive patients with pulmonary NETs referred to our Medical Oncology Unit between 1998 and 2006, including 33 subjects with typical carcinoids (TCs) and 15 with atypical carcinoids (ACs). Results: At diagnosis, there were 37 metastatic and 11 non-metastatic patients. Medical treatments used were somatostatin analogues, combined chemotherapy, within study protocols, 5-fluorouracil/dacarbazine/epiadriamycin (FDE), and oxaliplatin plus capecitabine (XELOX). Median disease-free survival was 72 months for the TC patients and 38 months for the AC patients. Actuarial 5-year survival was 93% for those with TCs and 73% for those with ACs. The mean overall survival was 68 months for the non-metastatic patients (78 months for TC patients and 58 months for AC patients) and 36 months for patients with advanced disease (42 and 32 months, respectively). Conclusion: Cell type is the strongest determinant of prognosis, and the degree of malignancy increases from TCs to ACs. Moreover, the prognosis of metastatic pulmonary carcinoids is not as good as expected. Our analysis suggests that patients with advanced disease should receive first-line therapy with a somatostatin analogue, with chemotherapy regimens (FDE, XELOX) used in progressing cases.
On the Failure of the Gorenstein Property for Hecke Algebras of Prime Weight

In this article we report on extensive calculations concerning the Gorenstein defect for Hecke algebras of spaces of modular forms of prime weight p at maximal ideals of residue characteristic p such that the attached mod-p Galois representation is unramified at p and the Frobenius at p acts by scalars. The results lead us to ask the question whether the Gorenstein defect and the multiplicity of the attached Galois representation are always equal to 2. We review the literature on the failure of the Gorenstein property and multiplicity one, discuss in some detail a very important practical improvement of the modular-symbols algorithm over finite fields, and include precise statements on the relationship between the Gorenstein defect and the multiplicity of Galois representations.
Age- and Sex-Associated Pathogenesis of Cell Culture-Passaged Kemerovo Virus in IFNAR(−/−) Mice

Kemerovo virus (KEMV) is a tick-borne orbivirus transmitted by ticks of the genus Ixodes. Previous animal experimentation studies with orbiviruses, in particular the interferon receptor double knock-out (IFNAR(−/−)) mouse model, did not indicate bias that is related to age or sex. We endeavoured to assess the effect of serial and alternated passages of KEMV in mammalian or Ixodes cells on virus replication and potential virulence in male or female IFNAR(−/−) mice, with important age differences: younger males (4–5 months old), older males (14–15 months old), and old females (14–15 months old). After 30 serial passages in mammalian or tick cells, or alternated passages in the two cell types, older female mice which were inoculated with the resulting virus strains were the first to show clinical signs and die. Younger males behaved differently from older males whether they were inoculated with the parental strain of KEMV or with any of the cell culture-passaged strains. The groups of male and female mice inoculated with the mammalian cell culture-adapted KEMV showed the lowest viraemia. While older female and younger male mice died by day 6 post-inoculation, surprisingly, the older males survived until the end of the experiment, which lasted 10 days. RNA extracted from blood and organs of the various mice was tested by probe-based KEMV real-time RT-PCR. Ct values of the RNA extracts were comparable between older females and younger males, while the values for older males were >5 Ct units higher for the various organs, indicating lower levels of replication. It is noteworthy that the hearts of the old males were the only organs that were negative for KEMV RNA. These results suggest, for the first time, an intriguing age- and sex-related bias for an orbivirus in this animal model. Changes in the amino acid sequence of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Kemerovo virus, derived from the first serial passage in Ixodes cells (KEMV Ps.IRE1), were identified in the vicinity of the active polymerase site. This finding suggests that selection of a subpopulation of KEMV with better replication fitness in tick cells occurred.
Value in the Eye of the Beholder: The Valuation of Intangibles for Transfer Pricing Purposes

This article assesses the desirability of our current, arms' length based, transfer pricing regime by analyzing its theoretical and practical effectiveness in application to transfers of intangibles. A detailed analysis of the practice of valuation of intangibles, which is the key component in the application of this regime, exposes its weaknesses that result in undesirable market incentives. These incentives create a strong bias in favor of large multinational enterprises, yet, even if one favored such bias, it is achieved using an uncontrollable, costly and wasteful legal mechanism. The article particularly criticizes the regime's disregard of the unique characteristics of intangibles that make them difficult to valuate; its disregard of the differences between types of intangibles; and its extraordinary narrow and limited approach to valuation. The article demonstrates that the undesirable reliance of our transfer pricing regime on the arms' length principle is the primary reason for the grim picture portrayed, and therefore advocates its replacement with a formula-based regime. The article's contribution in this regard is the argument that it is not only practically more desirable and less costly, but that it is also more coherent and natural to our general international tax regime; therefore, in terms of design, transfer pricing reform should take into account the basic premises of such regime. Some of the criticism and conclusions of this article are about our general transfer pricing regime, while the analysis is limited to the valuation of intangibles' aspects, yet, since this is probably the area that presents the most acute challenge to the current regime, so building upon it may be an important step towards reform.
The Effect of Training-Based Channel Estimation on the Capacity of Closed-Loop MIMO Systems with Imperfect CSI Feedback

In this paper, we study the influence of training-based channel estimation on the information-theoretic capacity of closed-loop MIMO systems with imperfect channel state information (CSI) feedback. First, a lower bound on capacity is formulated as a function of various parameters such as received signal-to-noise ratio, number of training symbols, feedback delay time, and the feedback noise variance. Next, we maximize the bound by obtaining the optimal allocation of power for training and data along with the optimal training interval. Fair comparison, through simulation, is also made with the maximized capacity of an open-loop MIMO system. An increase in capacity is still observed over the open-loop capacity for low to mid values of SNR. However, as the result of the imperfect feedback, the open-loop system has higher capacity that the closed-loop system for high SNR. This contribution helps sets the scene for looking at the realizable capacity, which involves the details of a specific communication system.
INTRACISTERNAL GRANULES IN THE EXOCRINE CELLS OF THE PANCREAS

Dense, homogeneous granules of 250 to 350 mµ in diameter have been found inside the cavities of the endoplasmic reticulum in the acinar cells of the pancreas of the guinea pig. They apparently correspond to the fine granules described in the same material in light microscopy by Mankowski and Bensley. The location of these granules indicates that the endoplasmic reticulum is a cavitary system and suggests its participation in secretory processes.
Outage Probability Analysis of the Dual-Branch Transmit-Selective System over Correlated Modified Weibull Fading Channels

In this work, first, we deduce the probability density function (PDF) and the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the fading coefficient envelope, based on the correlated modified Weibull fading model. To simply the discussion, a system with two transmit antennas and one receive antenna is considered, namely dual-branch system. Secondly, the outage probability of the dual-branch system under the correlated modified Weibull fading channel is derived. And the effects of the correlation coefficient and the Weibull fading parameter on the performance are analyzed by computer simulation for QPSK modulation. Finally, we present several simulations to validate our analysis. Results show that the simulation curves fit our analytical results correctly
Examining the Influence of Three Types of Social Support on the Mental Health of Mexican Caregivers of Individuals with Traumatic Brain Injury

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the influence of three types of social support (appraisal, belonging, and tangible) on caregiver mental health (anxiety, burden, depression, and satisfaction with life) among Mexican caregivers of individuals with traumatic brain injury. DesignThis is a cross-sectional study of 90 family caregivers from Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcade in Guadalajara, Mexico. ResultsMore months spent caregiving was associated with decreases in all three types of social support. Older age and fewer years of education were associated with lower appraisal social support. More hours per week spent caregiving was associated with lower caregiver state anxiety and greater satisfaction with life. Appraisal, belonging, and tangible social support were all significantly correlated with more salubrious caregiver mental health outcomes, except satisfaction with life. Appraisal social support independently predicted lower caregiver depression. ConclusionsParticularly in Latin America, strong social support networks and family connections seem closely tied to key mental health outcomes such as depression. Rehabilitation interventions aimed at strengthening perceptions of social support of caregivers of individuals with traumatic brain injury that specifically target availability of advice may improve mental health and contribute to more optimal informal care for individuals with traumatic brain injury.
A Latent Space Approach to Dynamic Embedding of Co-occurrence Data

We consider dynamic co-occurrence data, such as author-word links in papers published in successive years of the same conference. For static co-occurrence data, researchers often seek an embedding of the entities (authors and words) into a lowdimensional Euclidean space. We generalize a recent static co-occurrence model, the CODE model of Globerson et al. (2004), to the dynamic setting: we seek coordinates for each entity at each time step. The coordinates can change with time to explain new observations, but since large changes are improbable, we can exploit data at previous and subsequent steps to find a better explanation for current observations. To make inference tractable, we show how to approximate our observation model with a Gaussian distribution, allowing the use of a Kalman filter for tractable inference. The result is the first algorithm for dynamic embedding of co-occurrence data which provides distributional information for its coordinate estimates. We demonstrate our model both on synthetic data and on author-word data from the NIPS corpus, showing that it produces intuitively reasonable embeddings. We also provide evidence for the usefulness of our model by its performance on an authorprediction task.
Redundant DWT based translation invariant wavelet feature extraction for face recognition

Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is sensitive to the translation/shift of input signals, so its effectiveness could be negatively impacted when we encounter translation among signals. To deal with such drawbacks, this paper proposes redundant DWT(RDWT) based method to achieve image registration, translation invariant wavelet feature extraction and face recognition. We select a representative face from each person to form a reference face set and perform DWT on it. For each test face, we perform RDWT and compare its redundant horizontal and vertical details with the corresponding details obtained from the reference face. The reference face that is the most similar to the test face is determined to be the recognized face. Experiments on Yaleface database prove the effectiveness of our RDWT based method.
Oceanic Climate Change : Contributions of Heat Content , Temperature , and Salinity Trends to Global Warming

The World Ocean is the largest component of the global climate system, and changes to its heat content, temperature, and salinity have an enormous impact on the current global warming trend. In this paper, these physical changes are discussed in detail, including potential sources of change and spatial and temporal variability, as the observed trends are influenced by location as well as climatological phenomena such as North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), and El NiñoSouthern Oscillation (ENSO). Long-term trends predicted by the state-of-the-art Parallel Climate Model (PCM) for global oceanic heat content are compared with observations, and a few comments on model reliability are made. Moreover, the almost certain presence of anthropogenic forcing predicted by global climate models (GCMs) is discussed, and the relative strengths of these effects are compared. Longterm trends in ocean temperature and salinity are broken down by basin and depth. Lastly, several consequences of oceanic climate change for the local and global climate are described, including oxygen concentration depletion, which is harmful to marine life, and sea level rise, which is harmful to humans.
Characteristics of Left Ventricular Receptors with Nonmedullated Vagal Afferents in Cats

Activity from left ventricular receptors with nonmedullated afferents was recorded in the right cervical vagus in anesthetized, thoracotomized cats. Probing of the open heart demonstrated that the receptors were distributed throughout the free wall and the interventricular septum. Fibers from posterior receptors pass along the posterior descending coronary artery and the lateral surface of the right atrium to join the right main cardiac nerve; those from the anterolateral region pass behind the aorta and the pulmonary trunk. The control receptor discharge was 1.4 (range, 0–6) impulses/sec at a mean left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) of 4.5 (range, 2–10) mm Hg. It was observed that receptor discharge increased with progressive increase in LVEDP produced either by transfusion or by aortic occlusion. At a mean LVEDP of 8 mm Hg, the mean discharge rate was 3.2 impulses/sec, and at 16 mm Hg it was 7.0 impulses/sec. It was also found that propranolol reduced and isoproterenol increased the discharge frequency at any given LVEDP. Measurement of total conduction times indicated that during the increase in LVEDP the receptors were activated principally in the systolic portion of the cardiac cycle. Despite this there was no obvious relationship between the discharge frequency and left ventricular systolic pressure.
IMMUNOBIOLOGY Anti-KIR antibody enhancement of anti-lymphoma activity of natural killer cells as monotherapy and in combination with anti-CD 20 antibodies

Immune checkpoint blockade represents a promising cancer therapy that aims to restore an efficient antitumoral response mediated by endogenous immune cells. Antibodies to CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor that dampens T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling, enhance immune cell function by blocking a negative regulator. CTLA-4 shares CD80 (B7.1) and CD86 (B7.2) as ligands with the TCR costimulatory receptor CD28. The intracellular signals transduced by the TCR, CD28, and CTLA-4 determine the outcome of T-cell activation. The therapeutic concept of immunomodulation was validated by the approval of anti–CTLA-4 ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma, thus increasing overall survival. Other inhibitory receptors of T-cell function, such as PD-1 and LAG-3, are being targeted by therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in clinical and preclinical development. As a corollary to targeting negative regulators of T cells, we hypothesized that the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) family of natural killer (NK) cell negative regulators would represent a novel and active class of immunotherapy. Indeed, NK cells play critical roles in host defense against infections and tumors by secreting immunoregulatory cytokines and by killing infected or transformed cells. The activation of NK-cell effector function is regulated by multiple types of activating and inhibitory receptors, including KIR, that recognize ligands expressed on potential target cells. The balance between positive and negative signals transmitted via these NK receptors determines whether or not a target cell is killed by an NK cell. In addition, lack of KIR-HLA class I interactions has been associated with potent NK-mediated antitumor efficacy and increased survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients upon haplo-identical stem cell transplantation from KIR mismatched donors. To exploit this pathway pharmacologically, the fully human mAb anti-KIR 1-7F9 (IPH2101) was first generated, and then a recombinant version of this mAb was developed with a stabilized hinge (lirilumab). 1-7F9 and lirilumab mAbs cross-react with KIR2DL1, -L2, and -L3 receptors and impair their inhibitory signaling by preventing their binding to HLA-C. In vitro, anti-KIR mAbs augmented NK-cell-mediated lysis of HLA-C-expressing tumor cells, including autologous AML blasts and autologous CD138 multiple myeloma cells. In addition, splenocytes from major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I)–deficient mice expressing HLA-Cw3 were rejected in 20 hours from Rag1KOmice
Single channel dereverberation method in log-melspectral domain using limited stereo data for distant speaker identification

In this paper, we present a feature enhancement method that uses neural networks (NNs) to map the reverberant feature in a log-melspectral domain to its corresponding anechoic feature. The mapping is done by cascade NNs trained using Cascade 2 algorithm with an implementation of segment-based normalization. We assumed that the dimensions of feature were independent from each other and experimented on several assumptions of the room transfer function for each dimension. Speaker identification system was used to evaluate the method. Using limited stereo data, we could improve the identification rate for simulated and real datasets. On the simulated dataset, we could show that the proposed method is effective for both noiseless and noisy reverberant environments, with various noise and reverberation characteristics. On the real dataset, we could show that by using 6 independent NNs configuration for 24-dimensional feature and only 1 pair of utterances we could get 35% average error reduction relative to the baseline, which employed cepstral mean normalization (CMN).
Scalable Architecture for Anomaly Detection and Visualization in Power Generating Assets

Power-generating assets (e.g., jet engines, gas turbines) are often instrumented with tens to hundreds of sensors for monitoring physical and performance degradation. Anomaly detection algorithms highlight deviations from predetermined benchmarks with the goal of detecting incipient faults. We are developing an integrated system to address three key challenges within analyzing sensor data from power-generating assets: (1) difficulty in ingesting and analyzing data from large numbers of machines; (2) prevalence of false alarms generated by anomaly detection algorithms resulting in unnecessary downtime and maintenance; and (3) lack of an integrated visualization that helps users understand and explore the flagged anomalies and relevant sensor context in the energy domain. We present preliminary results and our key findings in addressing these challenges. Our system's scalable event ingestion framework, based on OpenTSDB, ingests nearly 400,000 sensor data samples per seconds using a 30 machine cluster. To reduce false alarm rates, we leverage the False Discovery Rate (FDR) algorithm which significantly reduces the number of false alarms. Our visualization tool presents the anomalies and associated content flagged by the FDR algorithm to inform users and practitioners in their decision making process. We believe our integrated platform will help reduce maintenance costs significantly while increasing asset lifespan. We are working to extend our system on multiple fronts, such as scaling to more data and more compute nodes (70 in total).