Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Follow-Up After PICU Discharge for Patients With Acquired Brain Injury: The Role of an Abbreviated Neuropsychological Evaluation and a Return-to-School Program*

OBJECTIVES: To present the results of an abbreviated testing protocol used to screen for neurocognitive and psychological sequelae of critical illness among PICU survivors with acquired brain injury in our post-discharge follow-up programs and describe our process for facilitating this population’s return to academic life. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Neurocritical care follow-up programs at two U.S. academic, tertiary medical/surgical PICUs. PATIENTS: Children greater than 4 years old enrolled in the neurocritical care follow-up programs (n = 289) at these institutions who underwent neurocognitive and psychological testing between 2017 and 2021. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: One month after discharge from the hospital, nearly half of the children and/or their parents (48%) in our neurocritical care follow-up programs identified some type of emotional or behavioral concern compared to their premorbid state, and 15% reported some type of cognitive concern. On evaluation, 35% of the children were given a new neurocognitive diagnosis. Neurocognitive domains regulated by the executive functioning system were the most commonly affected, including attention (54%), memory (31%), and processing speed (27%). One-quarter of the children were given a new psychological diagnosis, most commonly post-traumatic stress disorder or stress-related symptoms (12%). Over 80% of patients in the programs were given new recommendations for school, for both new academic services and new classroom accommodations. Over half of children (57%) were referred for comprehensive follow-up neuropsychological evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: Abbreviated neurocognitive and psychological evaluation successfully identifies the same deficits commonly found among PICU survivors who undergo longer, more complete testing protocols. When combined with services aimed at successfully reintegrating PICU survivors back to school, this focused evaluation can provide an effective and efficient means of screening for cognitive and emotional deficits among PICU survivors and establish a rationale for early academic support upon the child’s return to school.
Intensive Case Management to Reduce Hospital Readmissions

Purpose of Study: Hospital readmissions burden the U.S. health care system, and they have negative effects on patients and their families. The primary aim of this study was to pilot an intensive case management (ICM) intervention to reduce 30-day hospital readmissions. A secondary aim was to obtain patient- and caregiver-reported reasons for readmission. Primary Practice Setting: The setting was a vertically integrated health care system located in Northern California. Methodology and Sample: This pilot quality improvement project occurred over a 4-month period. The intervention was delivered by master's degree students in nurse case management through an academic–clinical partnership. Patients hospitalized with a 30-day readmission were offered the ICM intervention. A total of 36 patients were identified and 20 accepted. Patient and/or caregiver was interviewed to identify reasons for their readmission. Data were collected about pre–/post–health care utilization including subsequent 30-day readmission. Mixed methods were used to analyze the findings. Results: Thirteen of 20 enrolled patients received the weekly ICM intervention for at least 30 days. Seven declined further contact before 30 days. Patient-reported reasons for readmission included being discharged too soon, poor communication among providers and with patients/families, lack of understanding about disease management and/or treatment options, and inadequate support. Several patients believed that their readmission was unavoidable due to the complexity of their illnesses. We compared 30-day readmissions for those who participated in and those who declined the ICM intervention, finding that those who received the ICM intervention had a lower readmission rate than those who did not receive the intervention (35% vs. 37.5%).
compared individual clinic visits after structured for type 1 diabetes: A cluster randomised controlled trial

Aim To compare the effectiveness of group follow-up with individual follow-up after participation in the Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating (DAFNE) structured education programme. Methods Cluster randomised controlled trial involving 437 adults with type 1 diabetes attending hospital diabetes clinics in Ireland. All participants received DAFNE at baseline. Intervention arm participants received 2 group education sessions post-DAFNE and did not attend clinics. Control arm participants received 2 one-to-one clinic visits post-DAFNE. Results We observed no significant difference in the primary outcome (change in HbA 1c ) at 18 months follow-up (mean difference 0.14%; 95% CI -0.33 to 0.61; p=0.47). Secondary outcomes, including rates of severe hypoglycaemia, anxiety, depression, the burden of living with diabetes and quality of life did not differ between groups. Mean level of HbA 1c for the entire sample (regardless of treatment arm) did not change between baseline and 18 month follow–up (p=0.09), but rates of severe hypoglycaemia, diabetes related hospital attendance, levels of anxiety, depression, the burden of living with diabetes, quality of life and treatment satisfaction all significantly improved. Conclusions Our data suggest that group follow-up as the sole means of follow-up after structured education for individuals with type 1 diabetes is as effective as a return to one-to-one clinic visits.
compared to individual clinic visits after structured for type 1 diabetes: A cluster randomised controlled trial

Aim To compare the effectiveness of group follow-up with individual follow-up after participation in the Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating (DAFNE) structured education programme. Methods Cluster randomised controlled trial involving 437 adults with type 1 diabetes attending hospital diabetes clinics in Ireland. All participants received DAFNE at baseline. Intervention arm participants received 2 group education sessions post-DAFNE and did not attend clinics. Control arm participants received 2 one-to-one clinic visits post-DAFNE. Results We observed no significant difference in the primary outcome (change in HbA 1c ) at 18 months follow-up (mean difference 0.14%; 95% CI -0.33 to 0.61; p=0.47). Secondary outcomes, including rates of severe hypoglycaemia, anxiety, depression, the burden of living with diabetes and quality of life did not differ between groups. Mean level of HbA 1c for the entire sample (regardless of treatment arm) did not change between baseline and 18 month follow–up (p=0.09), but rates of severe hypoglycaemia, diabetes related hospital attendance, levels of anxiety, depression, the burden of living with diabetes, quality of life and treatment satisfaction all significantly improved. Conclusions Our data suggest that group follow-up as the sole means of follow-up after structured education for individuals with type 1 diabetes is as effective as a return to one-to-one clinic visits.
Distribution related to all samples and extreme events in the ETAS cluster

Earthquake forecasting is a challenging goal for seismologists and geophysicists due to the complex nature of the earthquake phenomenon. Delivering reliable forecasts is crucial for public safety. This study derives the probability of extreme events in any seismic cluster generated by the Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model. This probability is obtained as a function of time, space and magnitude. The results contribute to understanding the distinguishing features between mainshocks and foreshocks and provide insights into earthquake prediction and the probability assessment of extreme events within seismic clusters.
Methane emission from natural wetlands: Global distribution, area, and environmental characteristics of sources

A global data base of wetlands at 1° resolution has been developed from the integration of three independent global, digital sources: (1) vegetation, (2) soil properties and (3) fractional inundation in each 1° cell. The integration yielded a global distribution of wetland sites identified with in situ ecological and environmental characteristics. The wetland sites have been classed into five major wetland groups on the basis of environmental characteristics governing methane emissions. The global wetland area derived in this study is ∼5.3 × 1012m2, approximately twice the wetland area previously used in methane-emission studies. Methane emission was calculated using methane fluxes for the major wetland groups, and simple assumptions about the duration of the methane production season. The annual methane emission from wetlands is ∼110 Tg, well within the range of previous estimates (11-300 Tg). Tropical/subtropical peat-poor swamps from 20°N-30°S account from ∼30% of the global wetland area and ∼25% of the total methane emission. About 60% of the total emission comes from peat-rich bogs concentrated from 50°-7O°N, suggesting that the highly seasonal emission from these ecosystems is the major contributor to the large annual oscillations observed in atmospheric methane concentrations at these latitudes.
The ocean-continent boundary in the Gulf of Lion from analysis of expanding spread profiles and gravity modelling

SUMMARY Two-ship multichannel seismic profiles, deep penetration (ECORS) and conventional seismic lines (LIGO surveys) are used to study the crustal structure of the Gulf of Lion (Western Mediterranean). 11 full ESPs (Expanded Spread Profiles) with total shot-receiver ranges up to 60 km were shot in 1981 perpendicular to the margin of the Gulf of Lion and in 1988 a deep MCS seismic profile (ECORS-CROP program) was performed parallel to the ESPs. These ESPs were analysed by matching traveltime and amplitude variations in both the x-t and τ-p domains. The resulting P-wave velocity/depth model has the following features, (a) beneath the continental slope of the Provencal margin a rapid rise of the Moho from 20 to 14 km and the existence of an anomalous 7.2-7.4 km s-1 velocity layer, (b) from the base of the slope to the extensive salt-domes domain a 5-6 km thin crust which does not appear typically oceanic in nature, (c) quite typical oceanic crust up to the Sardinian margin. Gravity modelling is consistent with the seismic results. The OCB (ocean-continent boundary) could be placed north of that postulated by previous authors, where the data indicate a remarkably narrow transition between continental and ‘oceanic’crust, or south where a typical oceanic crust, which correlates well with the domain of the salt domes and of large magnetic anomalies, has been determined. A very prominent reflector is clearly seen, at the base of the continental slope, on the seismic reflection profiles and corresponds to the top of an 7.2-7.4 km s-1 velocity layer. The high-velocity layer is 2-3 km thick where the crust is thinnest and has a limited lateral extent seawards. This anomalous crustal structure could be the result of extremely thinned and possibly broken up, continental crust underplated and intruded by partial melt, or could represent serpentinized peridotite material. Important questions about the evolution of the Gulf of Lion cannot be addressed using these new results alone without addition of other constraints. Nevertheless a two-stage mechanism of drifting and rifting of this part of the Western Mediterranean Sea is proposed.
Investigating the Impact of Tillage and Crop Rotation on the Prevalence of phlD-Carrying Pseudomonas Potentially Involved in Disease Suppression

Winter oilseed rape (OSR) is becoming an increasingly popular crop in rotations as it provides a cash crop and reduces the incidence of take-all fungal disease (caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis) in subsequent wheat production. The exact mechanism of this inhibition of fungal pathogens is not fully understood; however, the selective recruitment of bacterial groups with the ability to suppress pathogen growth and reproduction is thought to play a role. Here we examine the effect of tillage practice on the proliferation of microbes that possess the phlD gene involved in the production of the antifungal compound 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG), in the rhizospheres of both winter oilseed rape and winter wheat grown in rotation over a two-year period. The results showed that conservation strip tillage led to a significantly greater phlD gene copy number, both in the soil and in the roots, of oilseed rape and wheat crops, whereas crop rotation of oilseed rape and wheat did not increase the phlD gene copy number in winter wheat.
Parameter control in evolutionary algorithms

The issue of controlling values of various parameters of an evolutionary algorithm is one of the most important and promising areas of research in evolutionary computation: it has a potential of adjusting the algorithm to the problem while solving the problem. In the paper we: 1) revise the terminology, which is unclear and confusing, thereby providing a classification of such control mechanisms, and 2) survey various forms of control which have been studied by the evolutionary computation community in recent years. Our classification covers the major forms of parameter control in evolutionary computation and suggests some directions for further research.
Digitization and

This paper draws on complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory to explore the transformation of an analog automation product platform as it was infused with extensive and deepening digital capacities over a 40-year period. Our case demonstrates how the deepening digitization of components and functions drives complexity by connecting the platform to multiple social and technical settings and producing new interactions and information exchanges. The increased connectivity and dynamism invited unexpected and significant architectural and organizational shifts that moved the platform toward an ecosystem-centered organizing logic. CAS theory and its notion of constrained generating procedures (CGPs) are used to analyze how new connections and interactions produced a multilevel and nonlinear change in the platform organization. We offer two main contributions. First, we provide a novel empirical analysis of how product platform digitization leads to phase transitions and show the mediating role of three mechanisms in this process treated as CGPs: interaction rules, design control, and stimuli-response variety. Second, we demonstrate the multilevel and recursive nature of digitally driven growth in physical product platforms.
MATCHING GPS OBSERVATIONS TO LOCATIONS ON A DIGITAL MAP

GPS based navigation and route guidance systems are becoming increasingly popular among bus operators, fleet managers and travelers. To provide this functionality, one has to have a GPS receiver, a digital map of the traveled network and software that can associate (match) the user's position with a location on the digital map. Matching the user's location has to be done even when the GPS location and the underlying digital map have inaccuracies and errors. There are several approaches for solving this map matching task. Some only match the user's location to the nearest street node while others are able to locate the user at specific location on the traveled street segment. In this paper a topologically based matching procedure is presented. The procedure was tested with low quality GPS data to assess its robustness. The performance of the algorithms was found to produce outstanding results
Exploring Halo Substructure with Giant Stars : The Velocity Dispersion Profiles of the Ursa Minor and Draco Dwarf Spheroidals At Large Angular Separations

We analyze velocity dispersion profiles for the Draco and Ursa Minor (UMi) dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies based on published and new Keck HIRES spectra for stars in the outer UMi field. Washington+DDO51 filter photometric catalogs provide additional leverage on membership of individual stars, and beyond 0.5 King limiting radii (rlim) identify bona fide dSph members up to 4.5 times more efficiently than simple color-magnitude diagram selections. Previously reported “cold populations” at rlim are not obvious in the data and appear only with particular binning; more or less constant and platykurtic dispersion profiles are characteristic of these dSphs to large radii. We report discovery of UMi stars to at least 2.7rlim (i.e., 210 ′ or 4 kpc). Even with conservative assumptions, a UMi mass of M > 4.9× 10 M⊙ is required to bind these stars, implying an unlikely global mass-to-light ratio of M/L > 900 (M/L)⊙. We conclude that we have found stars tidally stripped from UMi. Subject headings: galaxies: individual (Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal, Draco dwarf spheroidal) – galaxies: kinematics and dynamics – Local Group Dept. of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903-0818 (rrm8f, pmf8b, srm4n, mc6ss, rjp0i@virginia.edu) Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu HI 96822 (kuhn@ifa.hawaii.edu) Dept. of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Penn State, University Park, PA 16802 (cpalma@astro.psu.edu) Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, 61-1 Hwaam-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-348 Korea (tonysohn@kasi.re.kr) University of Texas – McDonald Observatory Austin, TX 78712 (siegel@astro.as.utexas.edu)
Patient-reported outcomes for quality of life assessment in atrial fibrillation

Background Atrial fibrillation is a large and growing burden across all types of healthcare. Both incidence and prevalence are expected to double in the next 20 years, with huge impact on hospital admissions, costs and patient quality of life. Patient wellbeing determines the management strategy for atrial fibrillation, including the use of rhythm control therapy and the clinical suc-cess of heart rate control. Hence, evaluation of quality of life is an emerging and important part of the assessment of patients with atrial fibrillation. Although a number of questionnaires to assess quality of life in atrial fibrillation are available, a comprehensive overview of their measurement properties is lacking. Methods Results We performed a systematic review of the measurement properties of atrial fibrillation-spe-cific health-related quality of life questionnaires. Methodological quality was assessed using the Consensus based Standards for selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist, with measurement properties rated for quality against optimal criteria and levels of evidence. We screened 2,216 articles, of which eight articles describing five questionnaires were eligible for inclusion: Atrial Fibrillation 6 (AF6), Atrial Fibrillation Effect on QualiTy-of-Life (AFEQT), Atrial Fibrillation Quality of Life Questionnaire (AFQLQ), Atrial Fibrillation Quality of Life (AFQoL), and Quality of Life in Atrial Fibrillation (QLAF). evidence. Overall, AFEQT showed strong positive evidence for 2 of 9 measurement properties, compared to one for AFQoL and none for the remaining questionnaires. Given low recommended, although AFEQT Further studies to robustly assess reliability, validity and responsiveness of AF-specific quality of life questionnaires are required. This review consolidates the current evidence for quality of life assessment in patients with atrial fibrillation and identifies priority areas for future research.
Uplink Performance Analysis of Multicell MU-SIMO Systems with ZF Receivers

We consider the uplink of a multicell multiuser single-input multiple-output system, where the channel experiences both small and large-scale fading. The data detection is done by using the linear zero-forcing technique, assuming the base station (BS) has perfect channel state information of all users in its cell. We derive new, exact analytical expressions for the uplink rate, symbol error rate, and outage probability per user, as well as a lower bound on the achievable rate. This bound is very tight and becomes exact in the large-number-of-antennas limit. We further study the asymptotic system performance in the regimes of high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), large number of antennas, and large number of users per cell. We show that at high SNRs, the system is interference-limited and hence, we cannot improve the system performance by increasing the transmit power of each user. Instead, by increasing the number of BS antennas, the effects of interference and noise can be reduced, thereby improving the system performance. We demonstrate that, with very large antenna arrays at the BS, the transmit power of each user can be made inversely proportional to the number of BS antennas while maintaining a desired quality-of-service. Numerical results are presented to verify our analysis.
Diagnostics and simulation of an annual cycle in the middle atmosphere

A global spectral model extending approximately from 15 up to 120 km is used in both diagnostics and simulations of the observed monthly middle atmospheric climatology as represented in the CIRA-86 empirical model. First, the model in a two-dimensional mode is initialized with the empirical temperature and wind distributions for each month. An analog of the nudging data assimilation technique is then applied to retrieve zonal mean zonal momentum deposition rates necessary to keep the model's state in the vicinity of the observed climatology. This is combined with a straightforward procedure for estimating the global mean vertical diffusion coefficient from the thermodynamic equation averaged globally for each month. These estimates agree surprisingly well with recent observations in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. At the second stage the inferred eddy diffusivities and zonal accelerations that are commonly believed to be produced by dissipating and breaking atmospheric waves of different scales are used as input in annual cycle integrations of the model. For the first time quantitative comparisons of the simulated and initial diagnosed climatologies are presented. The simulation results obtained using the diagnosed zonal forcing and vertical diffusion coefficients compare favorably with the empirical model on the one hand and with simulations using a gravity wave parameterization on the other. In particular, the empirical temperature model is reproduced with an annual global rms temperature deviation of 3.2 K or 2% in the 15- to 110-km layer.