Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Repair of Post-Infarction Ventricular Septal Rupture and Ventricular Aneurysm: A Case Report

Ventricular septal rupture is one of the fatal complications of acute myocardial infarction. With the advancement of medical management and availability of emergency cardiac care, the incidence of post infarct ventricular septal rupture has reduced considerably. We report a case, unique in being a late presentation of post infarct ventricular septal rupture with left ventricular aneurysm. The Ventricular septal rupture was repaired using a PTFE patch, followed by reinforced linear closure of aneurysm by a glutaraldehyde treated pericardial felt and revascularization using reversed saphenous vein graft to left anterior descending artery. The patient survived surgery with an uneventful postoperative course. Eastern Med Coll J. July 2023; 8 (2):75-77
The Rat Genome Database curation tool suite: a set of optimized software tools enabling efficient acquisition, organization, and presentation of biological data

The Rat Genome Database (RGD) is the premier repository of rat genomic and genetic data and currently houses over 40 000 rat gene records as well as human and mouse orthologs, 1771 rat and 1911 human quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and 2209 rat strains. Biological information curated for these data objects includes disease associations, phenotypes, pathways, molecular functions, biological processes and cellular components. A suite of tools has been developed to aid curators in acquiring and validating data objects, assigning nomenclature, attaching biological information to objects and making connections among data types. The software used to assign nomenclature, to create and edit objects and to make annotations to the data objects has been specifically designed to make the curation process as fast and efficient as possible. The user interfaces have been adapted to the work routines of the curators, creating a suite of tools that is intuitive and powerful. Database URL: http://rgd.mcw. edu
Study on Carbonation of Porcine Blood Hydrogel in the Composite Mortar of Ancient Chinese Architectural Painting

In the ancient Chinese recipe for composite mortar used in the construction of ground layers for architectural painting, the mixture of porcine blood and lime water is one of the constituent materials. Herein, according to the traditional recipe, the interaction between porcine blood and lime water was systematically and deeply investigated. The experimental investigation demonstrated that porcine blood mixed with lime water at the ratio found in the recipe can form a hydrogel with a hydrophobic surface. During air-drying, the lime water in porcine blood hydrogel can react with CO2 to form calcium carbonate. The crystal morphology of the formed calcium carbonate depends on the surrounding micro-environment of calcium ions in the porcine blood hydrogel. The formed morphology of calcium carbonate includes small calcite crystallites, small graininess calcite crystals with round features, calcite aggregates with layered ladder-like structures, and amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). Interestingly, the calcium carbonate formed in the inner part of the porcine blood hydrogel exhibits lamellar distribution due to a Liesegang pattern formation. Based on the findings that the porcine blood hydrogel has surface hydrophobicity and brittleness, it can be predicted that in the preparation process of composite mortar for ancient building color painting base course, porcine blood used in the form of a hydrogel is not only easier to be dispersed in hydrophobic tung oil than in liquid porcine blood but also the affinity between porcine blood gel and tung oil is enhanced. As constituent material dispersed in the composite mortar, the layered distribution of calcium carbonate in the porcine blood hydrogel may presumably be beneficial to reduce the internal stress of the composite mortar material.
Association of distinct alpha(2) adrenoceptor and serotonin transporter polymorphisms with constipation and somatic symptoms in functional gastrointestinal disorders.

BACKGROUND The role of genetics in the phenotypic manifestations of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is unclear. Our aims were: (1) to compare the prevalence of polymorphisms of alpha 2 (alpha(2)) adrenoceptors, norepinephrine transporter, and serotonin transporter protein (soluble carrier protein member 4 (SLC6A4)) promoter in patients with lower functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) and in healthy controls; and (2) to test associations of these genetic variations with symptoms of IBS and high somatic symptom scores. METHODS Validated bowel and somatic symptom questionnaires characterised the phenotype: 90 with IBS constipation (IBS-C), 128 IBS diarrhoea, 38 IBS alternating bowel function, and 20 chronic abdominal pain. Logistic regression analyses assessed associations of different polymorphisms for alpha(2) adrenoceptor and SLC6A4 with IBS or chronic abdominal pain phenotypes and high somatic score. RESULTS Two distinct polymorphisms independently appeared to be associated with the phenotype IBS-C: alpha(2C) Del 322-325 (odds ratio (OR) 2.48 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98, 6.28); p = 0.05) and alpha(2A) -1291 (C-->G) (OR 1.66 (95% CI 0.94, 2.92); p = 0.08) relative to wild-type. Overall, the alpha(2C) Del 322-325 polymorphism (alone or combined with other polymorphisms) was also significantly associated with a high somatic symptom score (OR 2.2 (95% CI 1.06, 4.64); p = 0.03). Combinations of polymorphisms were also associated with high somatic scores. CONCLUSION Functionally distinct alpha(2A) and alpha(2C) adrenoceptor and serotonin transporter polymorphisms are associated with constipation and high somatic symptoms in patients with lower functional gastrointestinal disorders, although the strength of the genetic contribution to the phenotype is unclear.
Emotional interactive movie: adjusting the scenario according to the emotional response of the viewer

Emotional interactive movie is a kind of film unfolding in different ways according to the emotion the viewer experiences. The movie is made of several sequences; their combination determines the particular scenario experienced. In this paper, we describe the system and its implementation by providing combination selection criteria. We measured neurophysiological and ocular activities of 60 individuals viewing an experimental interactive short-movie composed of 12 different scenarios. For this purpose, we combined an electroencephalography headset which directly provides emotional data with an eye-tracker in order to simultaneously investigate the position of viewer’s gaze. From the collected data analysis, we propose a functional version of the emotional interactive movie, which was used in a so called “emotional cinema” during public exhibitions.
Learning Rules from Incomplete Examples via a Probabilistic Mention Model

We consider the problem of learning rules from natural language text sources. These sources, such as news articles, journal articles, and web texts, are created by a writer to communicate information to a reader, where the writer and reader share substantial domain knowledge. Consequently, the texts tend to be concise and mention the minimum information necessary for the reader to draw the correct conclusions. We study the problem of learning domain knowledge from such concise texts, which is an instance of the general problem of learning in the presence of missing data. However, unlike standard approaches to missing data, in this setting we know that facts are more likely to be missing from the text in cases where the reader can infer them from the facts that are mentioned combined with the domain knowledge. Hence, we can explicitly model this “missingness” process and invert it via probabilistic inference to learn the underlying domain knowledge. This paper introduces an explicit probabilistic mention model that models the probability of facts being mentioned in the text based on what other facts have already been mentioned and domain knowledge in the form of Horn clause rules. Learning must simultaneously search the space of rules and learn the parameters of the mention model. We accomplish this via an application of Expectation Maximization within a Markov Logic framework. An experimental evaluation on synthetic and natural text data shows that the method can successfully learn accurate rules and apply them to new texts to make correct inferences.
Protection from traumatic brain injury in hormonally active women vs men of a similar age: a retrospective international study.

BACKGROUND It has been suggested that women with traumatic brain injury have more favorable outcomes than do men because of higher levels of circulating estrogen and progesterone that may reduce brain edema. OBJECTIVES To determine whether there is any association between sex and mortality in TBI patients and whether there is any association between sex and brain edema. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study using data from 2001 to 2007 collected from a trauma registry in Hong Kong and the Victorian State Trauma Registry. SETTING Two regional trauma centers in Hong Kong and 2 adult major trauma centers and 1 pediatric trauma center in Victoria, Australia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mortality and brain edema. PATIENTS Trauma patients with an Abbreviated Injury Scale score (head) of at least 3 who were aged 12 to 45 years were included. Patients with minor head injury and undisplaced closed skull fracture were excluded. RESULTS Both the Hong Kong and Victorian data showed no significant difference in sex-related mortality. Increased mortality was associated with decreased systolic blood pressure and Glasgow Coma Scale score and with increased New Injury Severity Score or Injury Severity Score. In Hong Kong, brain edema was associated with female sex (P = .02), and the odds of brain edema in females were greater than for males. However, this association was not found in Victorian patients. CONCLUSION This study found no significant association between sex and mortality in either Victoria or Hong Kong and does not support the concept that females have better outcomes after traumatic brain injury.
The Prescription trends and dosing appropriateness analysis of novel oral anticoagulants in ischemic stroke patients: a retrospective study of 9 cities in China

Background: Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been recommended by guidelines as the first-line drugs for preventing cardiogenic stroke. We aimed to provide an overview of the prescription trends and dosing appropriateness of NOACs in China. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of NOAC prescriptions using the Hospital Prescription Analysis Cooperation Project data from 2016 to 2022. Various patient features, such as gender, age, city, year, source, department visited, original diagnosis, dosing, cost, and insurance type, were collected and analyzed to examine the trends and dosing appropriateness of NOAC usage in ischemic stroke patients. Results: 62,014 NOAC prescriptions were analyzed, including 16,602 for dabigatran, 45,253 for rivaroxaban, and 159 for apixaban. 85.14% of the patients were aged 65 or above, and tertiary hospitals accounted for 95.97% of NOAC prescriptions. NOAC prescriptions rose from 1828 in 2016 to 13,998 in 2021 but dropped to 13,166 in 2022. The percentage of annual prescriptions for NOACs among stroke patients has increased from 0.05% in 2016 to 0.37% in 2022. Total drug cost increased from ¥704541.18 in 2016 to ¥4128648.44 in 2021, then decreased to ¥1680109.14 in 2022. Prescriptions were divided into 48,321 appropriate and 11,262 inappropriate dosing groups, showing significant differences in medications, age, year, city type, hospital level, source, insurance type, and department visited (all p < 0.001). The median drug cost for inappropriate dosing was higher than for appropriate dosing (¥55.20 VS ¥83.80). The top comorbidities in ischemic stroke patients were atrial fibrillation (35.30%), hypertension (32.75%), and coronary heart disease (16.48%). Conclusion: The application of NOACs in the Chinese population is increasing. Our findings highlight the frequent deviation from labeled dosing of NOACs in clinical practice. Continued efforts are necessary to promote the appropriate use of NOACs according to the standard dosage in the drug insert.
Quantification of Thermal Acclimation in Immune Functions in Ectothermic Animals

Simple Summary This commentary focuses on experimental techniques used by researchers to understand how the immune system of an animal can acclimate, or change, to function across different body temperatures. I categorized studies as using three different, broad techniques: (1) allowing animal body temperatures to change naturally; (2) manipulating body temperatures of live animals in a controlled environment; and (3) manipulating temperatures of immune components (plasma, cells, etc.) in laboratory assays. I reviewed how the current literature used these techniques, with the conclusion that combinations of the three different techniques increased a mechanistic understanding of acclimation. In particular, cell-based techniques seem under-utilized and can lead to a greater understanding of how an animal may be changing the numbers of cells in their bodies or changing the cells themselves to function across different temperatures. Abstract This short review focuses on current experimental designs to quantify immune acclimation in animals. Especially in the face of rapidly changing thermal regimes, thermal acclimation of immune function has the potential to impact host–pathogen relationships and the fitness of hosts. While much of the field of ecoimmunology has focused on vertebrates and insects, broad interest in how animals can acclimate to temperatures spans taxa. The literature shows a recent increase in thermal acclimation studies in the past six years. I categorized studies as focusing on (1) natural thermal variation in the environment (e.g., seasonal), (2) in vivo manipulation of animals in captive conditions, and (3) in vitro assays using biological samples taken from wild or captive animals. I detail the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches, with an emphasis on mechanisms of acclimation at different levels of organization (organismal and cellular). These two mechanisms are not mutually exclusive, and a greater combination of the three techniques listed above will increase our knowledge of the diversity of mechanisms used by animals to acclimate to changing thermal regimes. Finally, I suggest that functional assays of immune system cells (such as quantification of phagocytosis) are an accessible and non-taxa-specific way to tease apart the effects of animals upregulating quantities of immune effectors (cells) and changes in the function of immune effectors (cellular performance) due to structural changes in cells such as those of membranes and enzymes.
Characterization of the Metabolic Requirements in Yeast Meiosis

The diploid yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergoes mitosis in glucose-rich medium but enters meiosis in acetate sporulation medium. The transition from mitosis to meiosis involves a remarkable adaptation of the metabolic machinery to the changing environment to meet new energy and biosynthesis requirements. Biochemical studies indicate that five metabolic pathways are active at different stages of sporulation: glutamate formation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glyoxylate cycle, gluconeogenesis, and glycogenolysis. A dynamic synthesis of macromolecules, including nucleotides, amino acids, and lipids, is also observed. However, the metabolic requirements of sporulating cells are poorly understood. In this study, we apply flux balance analyses to uncover optimal principles driving the operation of metabolic networks over the entire period of sporulation. A meiosis-specific metabolic network is constructed, and flux distribution is simulated using ten objective functions combined with time-course expression-based reaction constraints. By systematically evaluating the correlation between computational and experimental fluxes on pathways and macromolecule syntheses, the metabolic requirements of cells are determined: sporulation requires maximization of ATP production and macromolecule syntheses in the early phase followed by maximization of carbohydrate breakdown and minimization of ATP production in the middle and late stages. Our computational models are validated by in silico deletion of enzymes known to be essential for sporulation. Finally, the models are used to predict novel metabolic genes required for sporulation. This study indicates that yeast cells have distinct metabolic requirements at different phases of meiosis, which may reflect regulation that realizes the optimal outcome of sporulation. Our meiosis-specific network models provide a framework for an in-depth understanding of the roles of enzymes and reactions, and may open new avenues for engineering metabolic pathways to improve sporulation efficiency.
Leveraging Dynamic Spare Capacity in Wireless Systems to Conserve Mobile Terminals' Energy

In this paper, we study several ways in which mobile terminals can backoff on their uplink transmit power in order to extend battery lifetimes. This is particularly effective when a wireless system is underloaded as the degradation in user's perceived quality of service can be negligible. The challenge, however, is developing a mechanism that achieves a good tradeoff among transmit power, idling/circuit power, and the performance customers will see. We consider systems with flow-level dynamics supporting either real-time or best effort (e.g., file transfers) sessions. The energy-optimal transmission strategy for real-time sessions is determined by solving a convex optimization. An iterative approach exhibiting superlinear convergence achieves substantial amount energy savings, e.g., more than 50% when the session blocking probability is 0.1% or less. The case of file transfers is more subtle because power backoff changes the system dynamics. We study energy-efficient transmission strategies that realize energy-delay tradeoff. The proposed mechanism achieves a 35%-75% in energy savings depending on the load and file transfer target throughput. A key insight, relative to previous work focusing on static scenarios, is that idling power has a significant impact on energy-efficiency, while circuit power has limited impact as the load increases.
Annexin 1 and the biology of the neutrophil

This overview will focus on one aspect of neutrophil biology, which is the selective activation of the annexin 1 system in relation to the process of cell extravasation. Besides the current view about the biochemistry of annexin 1 and annexin 1 receptor(s) up‐regulation within the microenvironment of the adherent neutrophils, we will also comment on the final result achieved by activation of the system, which is inhibition of neutrophil recruitment. In view of the historical link between annexin 1 and glucocorticoids, the potential for the annexin 1 system in mediating at least some of the anti‐inflammatory actions of these powerful drugs is also discussed.
Beetroot juice supplementation reduces whole body oxygen consumption but does not improve indices of mitochondrial efficiency in human skeletal muscle

Oral consumption of nitrate (NO3−) in beetroot juice has been shown to decrease the oxygen cost of submaximal exercise; however, the mechanism of action remains unresolved. We supplemented recreationally active males with beetroot juice to determine if this altered mitochondrial bioenergetics. Despite reduced submaximal exercise oxygen consumption, measures of mitochondrial coupling and respiratory efficiency were not altered in muscle. In contrast, rates of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) emission were increased in the absence of markers of lipid or protein oxidative damage. These results suggest that improvements in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism are not the cause of beetroot juice‐mediated improvements in whole body oxygen consumption.
Desarrollo de una aplicación para reconocimiento de billetes por medio de procesamiento de imágenes para personas con diversidad visual basada en tecnología android

At present most of us humans have adapted to live regardless of the different "diversities" that may be had; But there are still factors that in one way or another generate barriers that prevent the process from being carried out 100%. Taking into account the society in which we develop and live as well as the amount of technological advances that are seen day after day, and the purposes that these provide in improving our quality of life and even the possibilities of arriving to do through them the Inclusion of people with some or some diversities to this variant world, thus generating new opportunities to lead in one way or another a "normal" and "productive" life. This is why this work is aimed at a social work of inclusion of people with visual and even auditory diversity, since even though they lead a life, they have to depend on a something or a person in several aspects, in any case it is desired To respond to the different situations that arise in the daily life as it is to be able to use money without having to depend on someone who serves as a "bridge" for the identification of the amount and originality of the notes; This person who serves as a bridge in the moment of having doubts with a ticket may resort to conventional methods for the recognition of such, as is the identification of security features according to the denomination based on hidden images, high prints Relief, contrasts between shapes and figures and even the view of the bill after ultraviolet light where you will find safety fibrils, fluorescent tones and visibility of water tapes; In the case of not having said person or having the total knowledge for the recognition of their money regardless of whether it is somewhat deteriorated or not; It should always have the possibility of doing its economic movements without any inconvenience, it is for that reason that it is necessary as much as practical a device that does this same activity that does the bridge person in which the recognition of the originality and denomination of the ticket is realized And under an integrated system to know the blind person the amount and originality. The deliverable of this work allows identifying in different scenarios the process of identifying and transmitting information through an image recognition system, thus determining its functionality, operability, advantages and disadvantages for the users who manipulate it, the acceptance of this in the Society, as well as the benefits or prejudices that could cause, and in this way give an advance and step to the inclusion of people with diversity according to the stipulated in the law.
Behavioural Interaction of Characters for Virtual Storytelling

In this paper we describe a fully implemented prototype for interactive storytelling using the UnrealTM engine. We describe the important mechanisms involved in the variability of plot instantiations, within a scenario of sitcom genre. We also provide an evaluation of the concepts of how the dynamic interactions between agents and/or the user influence the generation of story, with first results of examples