Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A self-constructing neuro-fuzzy classifier for breast cancer diagnosis using swarm intelligence

In this paper, a self-constructing neuro-fuzzy (SCNF) classifier optimized by swarm intelligence technique is proposed for breast cancer diagnosis. The first step in the design is the definition of the fuzzy network structure. Accordingly, a rule generation approach with self-constructing property is proposed. Based on similarity measures, the given input-output patterns are organized into clusters. Then, membership functions are generated roughly to form a fuzzy rule base. To achieve accurate learning, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to adjust consequent and antecedent parameters of the obtained rules. Accordingly, a weighted function is constructed to design the objective function of the PSO, which takes into account the specificity, the sensitivity and the total classification accuracy of the proposed SCNF classifier. The proposed SCNF classifier is evaluated on the widely used Wisconsin breast cancer dataset (WBCD) for breast cancer diagnosis. Experimental results confirm that the proposed model is able to detect breast cancer with a classification accuracy of more than 99%. A comparative study has been elaborated confirming the best performance of the proposed classifier.
Pipelined functional tree accesses and updates: scheduling, synchronization, caching and coherence

This paper is an exploration of the parallel graph reduction approach to parallel functional programming, illustrated by a particular example: pipelined, dynamically-scheduled implementation of search, updates and read-modify-write transactions on an in-store binary search tree. We use program transformation, execution-driven simulation and analytical modelling to expose the maximum potential parallelism, the minimum communication and synchronisation overheads, and to control the overall space requirement. We begin with a lazy functional program specifying a series of transactions on a binary tree, each involving several searches and updates, in a side-effect-free fashion. Transformation of the source code produces a formulation of the program with greater locality and larger grain size than can be achieved using naive parallelization methods, and we show that, with care, these tasks can be scheduled effectively. Even with a workload using random keys, significant spatial locality is found, and we evaluate a modified cache coherency protocol which avoids false sharing so that large cache lines can be used to minimise the number of messages required. As expected with a pipeline, the application should reach a steady state as soon as the first transaction is completed. However, if the network latency is too large, the rate of completion lags behind the rate at which work is admitted, and internal queues grow without bound. We determine the conditions under which this occurs, and show how it can be avoided while maximising speedup.
Heat and Mass Transfer in Unsteady Rotating Fluid Flow with Binary Chemical Reaction and Activation Energy

In this study, the Spectral Relaxation Method (SRM) is used to solve the coupled highly nonlinear system of partial differential equations due to an unsteady flow over a stretching surface in an incompressible rotating viscous fluid in presence of binary chemical reaction and Arrhenius activation energy. The velocity, temperature and concentration distributions as well as the skin-friction, heat and mass transfer coefficients have been obtained and discussed for various physical parametric values. The numerical results obtained by (SRM) are then presented graphically and discussed to highlight the physical implications of the simulations.
Factors affecting on improvement employee empowerment: Case study: Saipa Corporation

The current study aimed to investigate the role of organizational support, leadership style, designing job and knowledge management in employees' empowerment. In conducting calculation of research, descriptive-survey method based on correlation is used. The study also is a case study that was conducted in Saipa Company. The study population includes all directors, officers and employees of logistics unit in Saipa which their number is about 200 people. To select sample by using census method and Morgan table 127, the samples are selected and used. Because the population size is limited and all employees in this unit completed the questionnaire if they would like to do, the data collected through the questionnaire have been entered into the software SPSS and by regression method have been analyzed. The study consists of 4 hypotheses that explained the relationship between different indices and empowerment improving of employees. After gathering data and investigating hypothesis, it was determined that all hypotheses are confirmed. Therefore, perceived organizational support, job designing, transformational leadership and knowledge management are effective in employees' empowerment improving.
Kinins— The Kallikrein-Kinin System and Oxidative Stress

Purpose of review— The Kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) constitutes a complex multi-enzyme cascade that produces several bioactive kinin peptides and their derivatives including bradykinin. In addition to the classical notion of the KKS as a potent vasodilator and a mediator of inflammatory responses, recent studies suggest a link between the KKS and oxidative stress. A number of established mouse model with altered levels of KKS components opened the way to evaluate precise functions of the KKS. Here we review recent findings on the role of the KKS in cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney diseases, and discuss potential benefits of KKS activation in these diseases. Recent findings— Deletion of both B1R and B2R in a diabetic mouse model exacerbates its renal phenotypes, suggesting that the KKS exerts protective effects on diabetic nephropathy by suppressing oxidative stress, presumably via nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins (PGs). Summary— Accumulating evidence has highlighted the importance of the KKS as a protective system against oxidative stress and organ damage in the heart and kidney. The activation of the KKS by ACE inhibitors and vasopeptidase inhibitors is likely to be beneficial in senescence-associated cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney diseases.
Analysing English First Additional Language teachers’ understanding and implementation of reading strategies

Despite the fact that comprehension plays an important role in the reading process, the literature in a South African context reveals that learners continue to struggle with it and teachers continue to neglect it in their teaching. The literature has further shown that teachers’ neglect of comprehension in their reading lessons could be attributed to various reasons, including the fact that teachers seemingly are not taught how to teach reading during their teaching training years. This paper analyses the English First Additional Language teachers’ understanding and their implementation of reading strategies in their classrooms to develop teachers’ understanding and awareness of the important role played by reading strategies in the reading process. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were followed and a survey design was used. Purposive sampling was used to select 126 teachers, to whom questionnaires were administered. Statistical Package for Social Sciences software was used to analyse the quantitative data and the qualitative data were analysed thematically. The results indicated that the majority of teachers seemed not to understand certain reading strategies and, therefore, implemented only a few that they understood, greatly limiting learners’ potential to explore other reading strategies. The study also established that some teachers only paid attention to traditional reading strategies that did not facilitate comprehension. The study recommended that teachers should be trained on how to teach reading strategies so that they are exposed to a wide range of reading strategies in order to assist learners improve their literacy.
Environmental Variables and Real Estate Prices

The aim of this paper is to compare various real estate valuation models and the manner in which they take into account environmental variables. The reference model is taken to be a standard linear regression model including ordinal variables to measure environmental quality. This type of model is widely used. It is first compared with linear models which incorporate environmental quality notes extracted from the urban habitat database of a geographic information system (GIS) which has been developed recently for Geneva, Switzerland. We also incorporate these quality notes in a single input parameter, a so-called geo-index. The price indices constructed in this way are quite similar to the more traditional hedonic model. We additionally find that artificial neural network (ANN) models, which are non-linear per se, exhibit a similar general form of the price indices, but that the detailed price behaviours of different models feature notable differences depending on the input choice of environmental variables.
Conditional diagnosability of DCCLC graphs under the comparison model

The DCC linear congruential (DCCLC) graphs are a family of promising interconnection topologies. This paper addresses the conditional diagnosability of DCCLC graphs under the comparison model. We prove that, under reasonable assumptions, a 2t-regular DCCLC graph is conditionally -diagnosable. This result shows that DCCLC graphs possess strong self-diagnosing abilities.
Species delimitation in systematics: inferring diagnostic differences between species

Species are fundamental units in studies of systematics, biodiversity and ecology, but their delimitation has been relatively neglected methodologically. Species are typically circumscribed based on the presence of fixed (intraspecifically invariant or non–overlapping) diagnostic morphological characters which distinguish them from other species. In this paper, we argue that determining whether diagnostic characters are truly fixed with certainty is generally impossible with finite sample sizes and we show that sample sizes of hundreds or thousands of individuals may be necessary to have a reasonable probability of detecting polymorphisms in diagnostic characters at frequencies approaching zero. Instead, we suggest that using a non–zero frequency cut–off may be a more realistic and practical criterion for character–based species delimitation (for example, allowing polymorphisms in the diagnostic characters at frequencies of 5% or less). Given this argument, we then present a simple statistical method to evaluate whether at least one of a set of apparently diagnostic characters is below the frequency cut–off. This method allows testing of the strength of the evidence for species distinctness and is readily applicable to empirical studies.
Taking Styles of Interaction from Generation Y Office Workers: Designing with Interaction Qualities

This paper explores how to use interaction qualities to guide the design of Generation Y styles of interaction by combining functional, experience and technology approaches. In an interactive prototyping course a number of interactive prototypes were built by students in which specific interaction qualities were explored and demonstrated. From designing, building and testing these prototypes, we learned to use interaction qualities explicitly to guide and constrain the design process. Interaction qualities were found to be able to integrate all three design approaches, and thus can be introduced as a new principle into design research and education.
Electroencephalogram recording in Garut sheep: effect of the use of xylazine in small ruminants

Minor procedures which are not painfull but require the animal to be relatively immobile may be performed with the aid of a sedative. In practical terms, sedative agent cause some degree of drowsiness until lost of consciousness. Xylazine used as a sedative and anaesthetic induction by inhibiting the release of norepinephrine in the brain, especially the locus coeruleus. Electroencephalogram (EEG) isa non-invassive procedureto record electrical activity from the scalp surface conduction media using metal electrodes. Garut sheep is an germ plasm asset of West Java and have a good potential to be developed as a source of meat, fighting sheep and laboratory animal in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the condition of the brain electrical activity of Garut sheep by xylazine. Four healthy female Garut sheeps, age of 1-2 years old, 2535kg body weight were used in this studies. They received xylazine bolus injection with a dose of 0.1 mg/kg body weight. Recording of the brain's electrical conduction was done using EEG. The placement of the electrodes on the head of sheep was performed at the point FP1-F7 and FP2-F2. Monitoring was conducted before induced and recording was done continuously starting before, during and after the induction of xylazine. Recorded data was collected for 60 minutes. The results showed that 15 minutes before injection brain waves presented gamma waves (30-70 Hz). However, one minutes after injection turned into beta waves (13-30 Hz) with a sharp wave morphology. Then 45 minutes later it entered the recovery phase, where the brain waves returned back to the gamma waves. These effect might occur that xylazine affect α2 receptors in locus coeruleus and it is involved the regulation of sleep or wakefulness.
The Herschel-ATLAS data release 1: I. Maps, catalogues and number counts

We present the first major data release of the largest single key-project in area carried out in open time with the Herschel Space Observatory. The Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) is a survey of 600 deg2 in five photometric bands – 100, 160, 250, 350 and 500 μm – with the Photoconductor Array Camera and Spectrometer and Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) cameras. In this paper and the companion Paper II, we present the survey of three fields on the celestial equator, covering a total area of 161.6 deg2 and previously observed in the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) spectroscopic survey. This paper describes the Herschel images and catalogues of the sources detected on the SPIRE 250 μm images. The 1σ noise for source detection, including both confusion and instrumental noise, is 7.4, 9.4 and 10.2 mJy at 250, 350 and 500 μm. Our catalogue includes 120 230 sources in total, with 113 995, 46 209 and 11 011 sources detected at >4σ at 250, 350 and 500 μm. The catalogue contains detections at >3σ at 100 and 160 μm for 4650 and 5685 sources, and the typical noise at these wavelengths is 44 and 49 mJy. We include estimates of the completeness of the survey and of the effects of flux bias and also describe a novel method for determining the true source counts. The H-ATLAS source counts are very similar to the source counts from the deeper HerMES survey at 250 and 350 μm, with a small difference at 500 μm. Appendix A provides a quick start in using the released data sets, including instructions and cautions on how to use them.
Development of Training-Based Spelling Strategies for Female EFL Students: Case Study of a Saudi University

Spelling is a major challenge for EFL learners and students in their process of learning the English language. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a training program based on certain spelling strategies to help EFL learners improve their spelling achievement. To do this, the differences between the experimental group and the control group, before and after the treatment, were examined. The participants were university students who were selected from a large sample and divided, and studied, in two experimental and control groups based on a spelling production pre-test. The first aim of this study is to examine whether significant differences occurred in spelling-related language learning strategies and English language spelling post-test between the control and experimental groups. The second aim is to examine whether significant differences exist between the mean scores of pre- and post-test of the English language spelling test and spelling-related language learning strategies. Spelling-related language learning strategies were measured using Kristine F. Anderson’s “spelling survey” strategies (1987). The spelling test and the spelling program were both prepared by the researchers. The research was conducted for three months, including the proposed program. Data from pre-post instruments was used to investigate the impact the intervention had on EFL in the development of spelling and the use of spelling strategies to learn English. Data from pre- and post- test instruments showed that there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the post-test spelling test as well as the spelling strategies questionnaire. The implemented treatment resulted in a significant improvement in the spelling skill of the experimental group. The results also revealed statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test results for the experimental group in the spelling test and the spelling strategies and also the fact that the experimental group improved in spelling skills after their participation in the program, as can be seen in the post-test. In light of these results, the study proposes a number of procedural recommendations that may contribute to raising awareness regarding the importance of teaching spelling strategies for EFL students.
Histopathological study of pancreatobiliary tumors in a tertiary care center: a 7 year study

Background: The aim of this study was to comprehensively analyse the histopathological spectrum of pancreatobiliary tumors with special reference to ampulla of Vater. Methods: The retrospective study was done for 5 years and a prospective study was carried out for 2 years in the Department of Pathology. Results: A total of 110 cases were included; 103 underwent a standard Whipple procedure and 7 underwent localised resection (partial pancreatectomy). The average age was 52.64 years (16-80 years) and males outnumbered females (3:2). Malignant (93.63%) lesions outweighed benign lesions (6.36%). Among malignant lesions, 71 (68.93%) were peri-ampullary, 15 (14.56%) were pancreatic, 11 (10.67%) were duodenal and only 6 (5.825%) were cholangiocarcinoma. The most common presenting feature was jaundice followed by pain in the abdomen. The mean tumor size was 2.38 cm (0.5-15cm). The pathological stage of most of the tumors was T2 (58.2%), followed by T3 (22.7%), T1 (11.8%) and T4 was only 1.8%. Proximal duodenal resection margin was free in 90.9%, distal duodenal resection margin was free in all cases, CBD resection margin was involved in only 2 cases (1.8%), while the pancreatic duct resection margin was involved in 2.7%. The nodal status was N0 in 61.8%, N1 in 23.6% and Nx in 9.1%. Conclusions: Adenocarcinoma (well differentiated-47.3%) is the most common histological variant of pancreatobiliary region.
Label-Free and Recalibrated Multilayer MoS 2 Biosensor for Point-of-Care Diagnostics

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors have attracted significant attention as promising candidates for highly sensitive, label-free biomolecule detection devices. In this paper, toward practical applications of biosensors, we demonstrate reliable and quantitative detection of a prostate cancer biomarker using the MoS2 FET biosensor in a nonaqueous environment by reducing nonspecific molecular binding events and realizing uniform chemisorption of anti-PSA onto the MoS2 surface. A systematic and statistical study on the capability of the proposed device is presented, and the biological binding events are directly confirmed and characterized through intensive structural and electrical analysis. Our proposed biosensor can reliably detect various PSA concentrations with a limit of 100 fg/mL. Moreover, rigorous theoretical simulations provide a comprehensive understanding of the operating mechanism of the MoS2 FET biosensors, and further suggests the enhancement of the sensitivity through engineering device design parameters.
Consumption of both black tea and green tea results in an increase in the excretion of hippuric acid into urine.

BACKGROUND A major portion of the catechins in green tea is not absorbed in the small intestine. Bacteria in the colon convert nonabsorbed catechins into simpler phenolic compounds, which may also be absorbed. During the production of black tea, most catechins are polymerized to complex molecules called thearubigins. Little is known about the microbial degradation of these complex polyphenols, but hippuric acid has been identified as a major excretion product associated with black tea consumption. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether green tea and black tea have the same metabolic fate in humans. DESIGN Seventeen healthy male volunteers were studied with a randomized, full-crossover design. Each intervention period lasted 4 d, ie, a 2-d run-in period with a low-polyphenol diet followed by a 2-d treatment period. Volunteers consumed a daily dose of 6 g green tea solids, 6 g black tea solids, or 360 mg caffeine. Intervention periods were separated by a 10-d washout period. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected during the second day of each treatment period. Hippuric acid was analyzed with HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS The mean excretion of urinary hippuric acid during black tea and green tea consumption was 3.75 +/- 0.28 mmol/24 h and 4.22 +/- 0.28 mmol/24 h, respectively (95% CI for the difference: -0.37 to +1.30 mmol/24 h). The hippuric acid excretion during the control treatment was much lower (1.89 +/- 0.28 mmol/24 h; P < 0.0001, compared with both black tea and green tea). CONCLUSION The ingestion of either green tea or black tea results in a major increase in the excretion of hippuric acid into urine.
SIS MIXERS USING HIGH CURRENT DENSITY Nb / A 1 N / Nb TUNNEL JUNCTIONS AND NbTiN FILMS

We are currently exploring ways to improve the performance of SIS mixers above 700 GHz. One approach is to use NbTiN in place of Nb for all or some of the mixer circuitry. With its high gap frequency and low losses demonstrated up to 800 GHz, it should be possible to fabricate an all-NbTiN SIS mixer with near quantumlimited noise performance up to 1.2 THz. Using a quasioptical twin-slot two-junction mixer with NbTiN ground plane and wiring and hybrid Nb/A1N/NbTiN junctions, we measured an uncorrected receiver noise temperature of TRx 500 K across 790– 850 GHz at 4.2 K bath temperature. Our second approach is to reduce the RC product of the mixer by employing very high current density Nb/A1N/Nb junctions. By using these we will greatly relax the requirement on tuning circuits, which is where substantial losses occur in mixers operating above the Nb gap frequency. These junctions have resistance-area products of RNA 5.6 CZ p,m 2 , good subgap to normal resistance ratios, R89 I RN 10, and good run-to-run reproducibility. From FTS measurements we infer that wRNC = 1 at 270 GHz in these junctions. This is a substantial improvement over that available using Nb/A10x/Nb technology. The sensitivity of a receiver incorporating these high current density mixers is TRx = 110 K at 533 GHz using a design for lower J mixers, which is close to the best we have measured with lower J, Nb/A10x/Nb mixers.