Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Mechanism of Action of Yiru Tiaojing Granule Against Hyperprolactinemia In Vitro and In Vivo

Abstract Yiru Tiaojing Granule, a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is used to treat hyperprolactinemia. This study was conducted to evaluate the mechanism of action and pharmacological activity of Yiru Tiaojing Granule on prolactin secretion. The animal model of hyperprolactinemia was induced by metoclopramide. The dopamine D2 receptor in hyperprolactinemia rat models was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The biochemical parameters, including a follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and prolactin, were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, the expression of prolactin and the dopamine D2 receptor was analyzed by Western blotting. The components in the Yiru Tiaojing Granule-medicated serum were assayed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The Yiru Tiaojing Granule significantly decreased the prolactin level in the hyperprolactinemia rat model, and increased the estradiol, luteinizing hormone, and progesterone levels. The high and medium doses of Yiru Tiaojing Granule reduced dopamine D2 receptor expression in the brain (p < 0.001) and produced a similar effect on bromocriptine (p < 0.001). Yiru Tiaojing Granule-medicated serum reduced (p < 0.001) prolactin expression in MMQ cells in a concentration-dependent manner, but had no effects on GH3 cells. The level of the dopamine D2 receptor in MMQ cells was also increased dose-dependently (p < 0.05). In addition, the protein kinase A and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in MMQ cells were significantly attenuated dose-dependently by treatment with a high and medium dose of Yiru Tiaojing Granule-medicated serum (p < 0.05) and bromocriptine-medicated serum (p < 0.01). The results suggested that Yiru Tiaojing Granule was effective against hyperprolactinemia, and the activation of the dopamine D2 receptor, which was related to the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate and protein kinase A, might be the potential mechanism.
Proposal of novel statistic channel model for millimeter wave WPAN

A statistic channel model, TSV-model: Shoji, Sawada, Saleh (Triple S), and Valenzuela model, was newly developed to design 60-GHz band wireless personal area network systems. Shoji and Sawada newly developed a statistic two- path channel model to express sensitive device- position-dependent fading inherent to mmW WPAN system and combined it with the statistic S-V model which had been commonly used in some IEEE802.15 standardization groups. The mathematical expression and characteristics of the developed TSV-model are described in detail, and the validity of the proposed channel model is proved by measuring indoor propagation characteristics in an office environment.
Technology Roadmapping for Power Supply in Package (PSiP) and Power Supply on Chip (PwrSoC)

This paper presents a review and summary of the PSMA “PSiP2PwrSoC” special project that investigated the technology and performance underpinning recent commercial developments in Power Supply in Package and Power Supply on Chip. The results of this study are based on the identification of more than 28 commercial products, six of which were analyzed in detail, both physically and electrically. The methodology of the project is described and some of the salient results of this benchmarking effort are presented. In this study, a representative subset of the available commercial products was selected and a comprehensive physical, electrical and thermal performance analysis was carried out. The objectives were to identify the components, materials and assembly technologies used, and to determine if the drive toward greater integration and higher power density affected the performance of newer devices. The results of the analysis were then used to determine the current state of the technology in this application space, to show how it has developed to date and to predict how it might progress in the future. These results are presented in a generic format that does not identify individual products. This project was co-sponsored by the PSMA and member companies. The final report of the project, which includes more detailed information on the reviews described here as well as considerable trending analysis, is now available.
Serum Cardiac Troponin T in Adolescent Runners: Effects of Exercise Intensity and Duration

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interactive effects of exercise duration and intensity on the elevation of serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in trained adolescent athletes following prolonged exercise in a laboratory-based setting. Thirteen male adolescent runners (mean age 14.8+/-1.6 year) performed two 45-min and two 90-min constant-load treadmill runs with intensities set at the running speeds that corresponded to either 80% or 100% ventilatory threshold (Th(vent)): 80%Th(vent)45 min, 80%Th(vent)90 min, 100%Th(vent)45 min and 100%Th(vent)90 min. Serum cTnT was assessed pre and post exercise. In the 100%Th(vent)45 min trial, the post-exercise serum cTnT level [(Median) 0.015 ng x ml(-1); (Range)<0.01-0.375 ng x ml(-1)] was greater than that of the 80%Th(vent)45 min (undetectable cTnT) and 80%Th(vent)90 min (detectable cTnT in two subjects, 0.021 and 0.133 ng x ml(-1)) trials (P<0.01). The serum cTnT level was further increased in the 100%Th(vent)90 min trial [(Median) 0.063 ng x ml(-1); (Range)<0.01-0.417 ng x ml(-1)] when the treadmill run was sustained for an additional 45 min (P<0.05). Similar changes were observed in the cTnT positive rate in subjects. These findings suggest that exercise duration and intensity are essential factors in eliciting cTnT release interactively following an endurance exercise. Nevertheless, exercise intensity compared to duration appears to cause a more pronounced increase in cTnT levels.
Female educational leadership in the UK and Greece

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to concentrate on investigating the role of gender on educational leadership in the context of two differing cultures. The focus will be on exploring whether gender appears to impact on the leadership roles in education by examining the extent of female participation in leadership across educational levels in Greece and the UK, highlighting differences and similarities between them.Design/methodology/approach – This paper examines secondary data on a number of issues, like the proportion of women in lower and higher ranking teaching posts across education sectors. Such data are retrieved from official national and international statistics, such as UNESCO, Eurostat, the Office of National Statistics UK and the Higher Education Statistics Agency, UK, as well as previous academic studies.Findings – The results of the analysis reveal that in both countries, fewer women than men reach top rank positions in education, particularly in secondary and higher education.Research.
Vibrational Raman spectra of hydrogen and deuterium mixtures at high pressures.

Room-temperature mixtures of hydrogen and deuterium in the fluid and solid states have been studied to 60.5 GPa (605 kbar). Raman-scattering measurements performed on these mixtures showed substantial deviations in the pressure dependence of the vibrational stretching frequencies of the molecules as compared with spectra from monomolecular hydrogenic samples. Most notably, the maximum in the vibron-frequency shift occurs at higher pressures. These observations are explained in terms of the coupling interaction between identical molecules, the same interaction that governsthe Q 1 (0) and Q 1 (1) frequency shifts in ortho-para hydrogen mixtures
Design and Analysis of Hybrid Packet Schedulers

This paper addresses the problem of scheduling variable-size packets from large number of distinct traffic flows. Although the problem of fair packet scheduling in computer networks has received thorough theoretical consideration, practical high-speed packet scheduling systems remain elementary. The disparity arises because algorithms with theoretically favorable delay and fairness characteristics have unacceptably high computational cost, while algorithms of low complexity have substantially inferior properties. A variety of hybrid scheduling methods have been proposed as a compromise, but we argue that existing hybrid algorithms are either impractical, or do not provide full spectrum of required features. We then formally define requirements for a packet scheduler and propose a hybrid scheduling algorithm which guarantees these requirements. We develop a theoretical framework to prove that our algorithm indeed provides all the properties claimed.
Risk and Protective Factors Predictive of Adolescent Pregnancy: A Longitudinal, Prospective Study

One hundred twenty-eight Latina and African American girls from high-risk environments (e.g., poverty, family history of teen parenting, etc.) were studied from age 13 through age 19 to prospectively identify the protective factors that might guard against teenage pregnancy. Results indicated that involved and strict parenting during early adolescence buffered against pregnancy under conditions of multiple family risks and peer risks. Low childbearing intentions and desires during early adolescence also forecasted a reduced likelihood of pregnancy. Findings suggest the risk and protective factors evident during early adolescence that contribute to and potentially guard against subsequently experiencing an adolescent pregnancy.
Performance and efficiency evaluation of FPGA controlled IPMSM under dynamic loading

This paper presents an improved synthetic loading method to measure the performance of an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM). A complete analysis of torque-, flux-, and efficiency-maps are done by means of a vector controlled drive implemented with in a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The measurements are compared to results from Finite Element Analysis (FEA). A key feature of this implementation is an instantaneous measurement of the inverter output voltage that facilitates estimation of the input power of the machine. The synthetic loading technique completely eliminates the need for a torque transducer, load machine and holds a control over temperature development during the tests. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the supply tracking together with synthetic loading technique is very useful tool to evaluate the efficiency of IPMSM.
Bilingual Children: From Birth to Teens

Part 1 Bilingualism: what is it? is it an advantage or disadvantage? Part 2 Establishing bilingualism in the family: motives for creating bilingualism infant bilingualism. Part 3 Communication in the family - how it works: stages of linguistic development the children's communication strategies the children addressing both parents simultaneously addressing father plus monolingual child to child and brother to sister communication private speech dreams communication with animals and toys. Part 4 Departures from normal language choice in the family: role play the mother's knowledge of German privacy storytelling by the parents code switching and triggering quotational switching - in storytelling. Part 5 Influences from outside the immediate family: attitudes of monolingual English speakers peer group pressure German-English bilinguals. Part 6 Further problems: reluctance to speak the home language effect of the father's not being a native speaker of German. Part 7 Measuring proficiency in both languages: vocabulary, fluency, accuracy, storytelling syntactic, lexical, phonological and semantic transference. Part 8 Biliteracy. Part 9 How the children view bilingualism. Part 10 Two varieties of German meet - a family language and a national language. Part 11 Other aids to the development of bilingualism: books, magazines, records, games, outings, shops etc schools and playgroups camps and clubs visits to and from the linguistic homeland language maintenance for parents.
Global Challenge of Antibiotic-Resistant Treponema pallidum

ABSTRACT Syphilis is a multistage infectious disease that is usually transmitted through contact with active lesions of a sexual partner or from an infected pregnant woman to her fetus. Despite elimination efforts, syphilis remains endemic in many developing countries and has reemerged in several developed countries, including China, where a widespread epidemic recently occurred. In the absence of a vaccine, syphilis control is largely dependent upon identification of infected individuals and treatment of these individuals and their contacts with antibiotics. Although penicillin is still effective, clinically significant resistance to macrolides, a second-line alternative to penicillin, has emerged. Macrolide-resistant strains of Treponema pallidum are now prevalent in several developed countries. An understanding of the genetic basis of T. pallidum antibiotic resistance is essential to enable molecular surveillance. This review discusses the genetic basis of T. pallidum macrolide resistance and the potential of this spirochete to develop additional antibiotic resistance that could seriously compromise syphilis treatment and control.
Abstract Digest

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of soft tissue is a rare tumor in children. Although LMS may exhibit clinical and histologic features that are typical of smooth muscle neoplasms in adults, they may often be confused with or resemble tumors of presumed fibroblastic, myofibroblastic, or rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. As a result, the diagnosis of LMS in children is often difficult to establish with confidence. To address this problem, we analyzed the immunohistochemical features of six LMS in children (one of deep soft tissue of an extremity, one of paravertebral tissue, one of the retroperitoneum, two of oropharyngeal soft tissue, and one of subcutis); the ultrastructural features of four of these tumors were also studied. Histologically, each of the three tumors of deep soft tissue and one of the retromolar trigone were composed of pleomorphic spindle cells arranged in interweaving fascicles. In contrast, the subcutaneous tumor and the lesion of the hard palate had an epithelioid appearance. Ultrastructural features were typical of adult type LMS. Immunohistochemically, these neoplasms were diffusely reactive for vimentin, while each was negative for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, and S-100 protein. Desmin was present in all cases, but was expressed only focally in three; a similar pattern of staining was noted for muscle-specific actin, although staining was generally noted in a larger population of cells. alpha-1-Antichymotrypsin was found in five tumors, and cathepsin B reactivity was encountered in four cases. Leu-7 antigen and myelin basic protein were coexpressed by one tumor, but neither was found in the remaining cases. These results indicate that immunohistochemical detection of desmin and muscle-specific actin may be useful in the differential diagnosis of spindle or epithelioid cell proliferations in childhood when ultrastructural analysis in unavailable.
Recurrence of Intermittent Exotropia: Factors Associated with Surgical Outcomes

Introduction: The surgery of choice for intermittent exotropia (XT) continues to be debated, with little evidence that one procedure provides a more successful outcome than the other in the longer term. Many factors, however, may potentially influence the outcome of strabismus surgery for intermittent XT. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with the recurrence of an exo-deviation following horizontal muscle surgery for intermittent XT of the divergence excess type. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical histories of patients who underwent surgery for the correction of intermittent XT between January 1998 and June 2005. The factors analyzed were as follows: sex, age of onset, age at initial surgery, family history, size of preoperative deviation, near binocular single vision, amblyopia, oblique dysfunction, refractive error, type of surgery, and postoperative alignment. Results: Eighty-nine patients were included in the final analysis. Of these, 19 demonstrated recurrence of their deviation. The mean follow-up period was 2 years. None of the factors analysed appeared to influence the outcome of intermittent XT surgery. Conclusion: We found that no single factor influenced patients' responses to the surgical treatment of intermittent XT. To address controversies and improve the evidence base regarding surgical intervention of this condition, randomized controlled trials are needed and justified because the results indicate that it would be relatively safe to randomly allocate patients to groups who could receive differing treatments so as to determine optimum management strategies.
Reducing endorsement of benevolent and modern sexist beliefs: Differential effects of addressing harm versus pervasiveness of benevolent sexism.

In two experiments, the present research identifies basic mechanisms for reducing endorsement of benevolent and modern sexist beliefs. Responses to attitudinal measures and a collective action measure on policy beliefs in Study 1 (N = 164) as well as to dating profiles in Study 1 and Study 2 (N = 159) support the hypothesis that endorsement of benevolent sexist beliefs can be reduced by providing information about its harmful consequences. Moreover, women and men become more aware of the full scope of gender discrimination and reduce their endorsement of modern sexist beliefs when they are provided with information about the harmful nature and pervasiveness of benevolent sexism. Theoretical implications regarding the linkage between benevolent and modern sexist beliefs and practical implications for reducing sexism are discussed.
Osteogenic potentials of osteophytes in the cervical spine compared with patient matched bone marrow stromal cells

Background Osteophytes that form adjacent to degenerated disc have osteogeic potential. Studies suggest that their formation is associated with mesenchymal precursors arising from the chondrosynovial junction. This study is aimed to determine the cellular aging and osteogenic differentiation potential of osteophyte-derived mesenchymal cells (oMSCs) when compared to patient-matched bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs). Materials and Methods oMSCs and bMSCs were isolated from tissue samples during anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery. Extensive expansion of cell cultures was performed and early and late passage cells (P4 and P9, respectively) were used to study cell senescence and telomerase activity. Furthermore, osteogenic differentiation was applied to detect their osteogenic capacity. Results The proliferation capacity of oMSCs in culture was superior to that of bMSCs and these cells readily underwent osteogenic differentiation. Our results showed that oMSCs had higher telomerase activity in late passages compared with bMSCs, although there was no significant difference in the telomerase activity in the early passages in either cell types. The telomerase activity was detectable only in early passage oMSCs and not in bMSCs. Conclusions Our results indicate that oMSCs retain a level of telomerase activity in vitro , which may account for the relatively greater longevity of these cells, compared to bMSCs. Furthermore, when compared to bMSCs, oMSCs maintained a higher proliferative capacity and the same osteogenic capacity, which may offer new insights of tissue formation.
Exploring memory in email refinding

Human memory plays an important role in personal information management (PIM). Several scholars have noted that people refind information based on what they remember and it has been shown that people adapt their management strategies to compensate for the limitations of memory. Nevertheless, little is known about what people tend to remember about their personal information and how they use their memories to refind. The aim of this article is to increase our understanding of the role that memory plays in the process of refinding personal information. Concentrating on email re-finding, we report on a user study that investigates what attributes of email messages participants remember when trying to refind. We look at how the attributes change in different scenarios and examine the factors which impact on what is remembered.
Notes and Comments: Some Methodological Notes on Gluskinos and Wainer

The development of multidimensional scaling as a well defined procedure (Shepard, 1962; Kruskal, 1964) has led to the examination of many phenomena which heretofore were left untouched. Many problems which seem to have a multidimensional solution are still examined through unidimensional or non-analytic procedures because of the great difficulty in gathering data for any number of stimuli greater than about 15 or 20. This difficulty exists to a greater or lesser extent in any of the usual procedures. For example, for n stimuli one needs n (n—1) / 2 judgments for the method of successive intervals, and many more for the methods of tetrads or triadic comparisons, etc. (Torgerson, 1958). We propose an alternative procedure applicable for certain types of multidimensional data. A multidimensional solution can come about in essentially two ways. The first is through a true multidimensional character of the stimuli which yields multidimensional responses on the part of an individual subject. In this case a subject can yield judgments which cannot be interpreted unidimensionally. Evidence of this sort of behavior is found, for example, by examining the consistency of intransitive triads (Davis, 1958). A second kind of multidimensional structure can be obtained from individual differences in judgments. In this case, each subject will yield a unidimensional scale, but all subjects do not use the same dimensions. It is for this second situation
Uplink Channel-Aware Scheduling Algorithm for LTE-Advanced System

in this paper, a new uplink channel-aware scheduling algorithm is proposed to improve the cell throughput and cell-edge user throughput for 3GPP Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) in case of equal power allocation among subcarriers. The target is to maximize the priority-sum under the constraint of limited power of User Equipment (UE). For the purpose, the algorithm to determine the reallocated RBs set and UEs, and the optimization procedures of reallocated RBs are proposed, from which, we design a new resource allocation algorithm. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme enhances the cell throughput and cell-edge user throughput by 11% and 20% respectively
Phonotactic Constraints and the Segmentation of Cantonese Speech

Two word-spotting experiments were conducted to examine the question of whether native Cantonese listeners are constrained by phonotactic information in the segmentation of Cantonese continuous speech. Because there are no legal consonant clusters occurred within individual Cantonese words, so this kind of phonotactic information of words may most likely cue native Cantonese listeners the locations of possible word boundaries in the continuous speech. Finally, the observed results from the two experiments confirmed this prediction. Together with other relevant studies [1,2], we argue that phonotactic constraint is one of the useful sources of information in segmenting Cantonese continuous speech.