Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GEB1: Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Material Shortages (DMSMS) Management Practices

Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Material Shortages (DMSMS) is an increasingly difficult problem for DoD weapon systems because the manufacturing lives of many critical items get shorter while the life cycles of military weapon systems keep increasing. Traditionally, efforts to mitigate the effects of DMSMS have been reactive; that is, the effects are addressed only when they are seen. This reactive approach to DMSMS solutions leads to decisions that put a premium on faster solution paths with attractive short-term gains in order to avoid system inoperability, while ignoring the long-term solution paths that would lead to generic families of solutions or larger-scale solutions with the capability of avoiding future DMSMS issues. In order to solve DMSMS issues with lower overall cost, DMSMS solutions must change from reactive to proactive. The building blocks of effective proactive management of DMSMS are established during the design and development of systems. If systems are designed with the inevitability of DMSMS in mind, early solution paths with largescale solutions can be started at an appropriately early time to enable intelligent choices without the imminent threat of system inoperability. Such generic large-scale solutions and a consensus on where DMSMS threats are most prevalent can be better forecasted by the use of a standard set of DMSMS management practices used by the foremost members of industry. The Government Electronics and Information Technology Association (GEIA) G-12 Solid State Devices Committee developed a set of DMSMS management practices that can be used by original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) during the design and development of electronic systems to mitigate the effects of DMSMS. This paper provides an overview of EIA Engineering Bulletin GEB1, Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Material Shortages (DMSMS) Management Practices.
Distress Tolerance and Emotion Regulation: Promoting Maternal Well-Being Across the Transition to Parenthood

SYNOPSIS Objective. This study examined the association between newborns’ daily crying and five measures of new mothers’ emotional states. Design. One hundred seven new mothers responded via a one-time, anonymous, online survey that assessed their stress, well-being, emotion regulation, frustration, and coping skills. Mothers also reported their infant’s daily cry duration. Results. Average daily crying was related to mothers’ emotional experiences, and relations also existed among the five mental health measures. Regression models indicate the strongest predictors of frustration were infant’s average cry duration, maternal well-being, and infant’s health status at enrollment. Conclusion. Mental health professionals can support families through the normative, but often stressful, experience of their infant’s cries. However, a re-evaluation of the clinical criteria for excessive crying is needed, as the results suggest that mothers whose infants cry considerably less than the widely used Wessel’s 3-hour-per-day criterion for excessive crying experience significant negative mental health.
Dietary anhydrous milk fat naturally enriched with conjugated linoleic acid and vaccenic acid modify cardiovascular risk biomarkers in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Saturated and trans fatty acids have been associated with the risk to develop cardiovascular diseases. However, health-promoting effects are associated with consumption of anhydrous milk fat (AMF) and ruminant trans fatty acids, such as conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and vaccenic acid (VA) contained in the lipid fraction of milk and dairy products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of AMF naturally enriched with CLA and VA in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), using sterculic oil to inhibit the conversion of VA into CLA. The administration of AMF to SHR during 7 weeks exerted beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk biomarkers (reduction of insulin, blood lipids, increase of adiponectin). When sterculic oil was included, some parameters were further ameliorated (reduction of insulin, increase of adiponectin). Sterculic oil alone reduced body weight and adiposity, and improved blood pressure, adiponectin and triglyceride levels.
Outcome after hemorrhagic shock in trauma patients.

BACKGROUND It is essential to identify patients at high risk of death and complications for future studies of interventions to decrease reperfusion injury. METHODS We conducted an inception cohort study at a Level I trauma center to determine the rates and predictors of death, organ failure, and infection in trauma patients with systolic blood pressure < or = 90 mm Hg in the field or in the emergency department. RESULTS Among the 208 patients with hemorrhagic shock (blood pressure < or = 90 mm Hg), 31% died within 2 hours of emergency department arrival, 12% died between 2 and 24 hours, 11% died after 24 hours, and 46% survived. Among those who survived > or = 24 hours, 39% developed infection and 24% developed organ failure. Increasing volume of crystalloid in the first 24 hours was strongly associated with increased mortality (p = 0.00001). CONCLUSION Hemorrhage-induced hypotension in trauma patients is predictive of high mortality (54%) and morbidity. The requirement for large volumes of crystalloid was associated with increased mortality.
Can items on an aviation-style checklist for preparation of cesarean delivery under general anesthesia present a threat for patient safety?

ferent, method of rewarding and incentivizing productivity. An unintended outcome of our plan was that educational and research activities continued to grow, even though our financial productivity plan was only clinically based. This outcome is contrary to predictions of Abouleish et al. (2) and Mets and Eckerd. One inevitable conclusion is the presence of incentives other than money. In our department at UCSF, for example, educators and researchers have more non-clinical time available to pursue their academic interests. Furthermore, the clinical incentive program markedly decreased the demands by our clinicians of more clinical time from researchers. That is obviously a non-financial type of benefit. Mets and Eckerd have stated that they “agree with Abouleish” that focusing on clinical productivity alone may undermine a department’s academic mission. Although they may believe that, they have not proven it. Furthermore, is only 15% of the total compensation enough to influence behavior? At least in one department, we have proven that a clinical productivity incentive plan directly facilitates clinical care but unexpectedly did not harm and may have facilitated our nonfinancially incentivized educational and research activities. Clearly, the decision as to whether all of the clinical, educational, and research responsibilities should be financially incentivized is debatable. Of prime importance is that modern-day economics demand that academic anesthesia departments develop not only incentive and bonus plans but those that are based on actual productivity. Hopefully, numerous academic anesthesia programs will eventually implement productivity-driven incentive programs. Then, a proper scholarly analysis can be performed to determine which types of incentive plans best facilitate academic anesthesia.
Blind Separation Of Mixed Kurtosis Signed Signals Using Partial Observations And Low Complexity Activation Functions

Although several highly accurate blind source separation algorithms have already been proposed in the literature, these algorithms must store and process the whole data set which may be tremendous in some situations. This makes the blind source separation infeasible and not realisable on VLSI level, due to a large memory requirement and costly computation. This paper concerns the algorithms for solving the problem of tremendous data sets and high computational complexity, so that the algorithms could be run on-line and implementable on VLSI level with acceptable accuracy. Our approach is to partition the observed signals into several parts and to extract the partitioned observations with a simple activation function performing only the "shift-and-add" micro-operation. No division, multiplication and exponential operations are needed. Moreover, obtaining an optimal initial de-mixing weight matrix for speeding up the separating time will be also presented. The proposed algorithm is tested on some benchmarks available online. The experimental results show that our solution provides comparable efficiency with other approaches, but lower space and time complexity.
Fine-needle aspiration for breast masses.

To the Editor. –If fine-needle aspiration is to make an economic impact on medical care, it must do so by eliminating surgery for benign lesions. This has been accomplished in the management of thyroid lesions, as documented in numerous studies.1-3 In the recent report from Seattle, Wash, published in the January 1988 issue of theArchives, this point was not made for breast fine-needle aspiration.4In fact, there were errors in the calculations presented in Table 2 of that report. If one defines "positive" as any result requiring biopsy and "negative" as indicating conservative close follow-up only, then the calculations are as appear in the accompanying Table. Despite these adjustments, the persistent flaw of the study lies in the five fine-needle aspiration negative results that were biopsy positive. Other studies have shown better results.5-7One wonders whether increased proficiency with the technique of fine-needle aspiration could have
The Effect of Social Capital on Group Loan Repayment: Evidence from Field Experiments

An important question to microfinance is the relevance of existing social capital in target communities to the performance of group lending. This research presents evidence from field experiments in South Africa and Armenia, in which subjects participate in trust and microfinance games. We present evidence that personal trust between group members and social homogeneity are more important to group loan repayment than general societal trust or acquaintanceship between members. We also find some evidence of reciprocity: those who have been helped by other group members in the past are more likely to contribute in the future.
Policy-aware sender anonymity in location based services

Sender anonymity in location-based services (LBS) attempts to hide the identity of a mobile device user who sends requests to the LBS provider for services in her proximity (e.g. “find the nearest gas station” etc.). The goal is to keep the requester's interests private even from attackers who (via hacking or subpoenas) gain access to the request and to the locations of the mobile user and other nearby users at the time of the request. In an LBS context, the best-studied privacy guarantee is known as sender k-anonymity. We show that state-of-the art solutions for sender k-anonymity defend only against naive attackers who have no knowledge of the anonymization policy that is in use. We strengthen the privacy guarantee to defend against more realistic “policy-aware” attackers. We describe a polynomial algorithm to obtain an optimum anonymization policy. Our implementation and experiments show that the policy-aware sender k-anonymity has potential for practical impact, being efficiently enforceable, with limited reduction in utility when compared to policy-unaware guarantees.
Cognitive, life stress, and interpersonal approaches to a developmental psychopathology model of depression

Abstract One pathway to depression in children and adults is hypothesized to result from complex transactions among cognitive, stress, and interpersonal variables. Cognitive vulnerability includes not only appraisals of events and circumstances that emphasize personal unworthiness and incompetence, but also underlying beliefs and “working models” of the self and others. Such cognitions arise in part in the context of maladaptive attachment relations with the parents and may be reinforced by interpersonal incompetencies and difficulties in peer, family, and social relationships. Stressful conditions in early life and throughout development may undermine or erode the development of effective coping competencies. Moreover, maladaptive cognitions about the self and others, and ineffective coping competencies, may contribute to the occurrence of stressful events and circumstances —and these in turn may trigger depressive reactions. For many depressed people with chronic or recurrent depression, therefore, developmental processes play critical roles in the origin and continuation of the disorder.
Employee’s Participation in Decision Making and Manager’s Encouragement of Creativity: The Mediating Role of Climate for Creativity and Change

This paper examined the relationships among employee’s participation in decision making (PDM), manager’s encouragement of creativity (MEOC) and employee’s creativity (CTY) and the role of climate for creativity and change (CLT) as a possible mediator among the relationships. Multisource data was collected from 206 employees and their managers. The results indicated that employee’s participation in decision making and manager’s encouragement of creativity were positively related with employee’s creativity. Support was also found for the role of climate for creativity and change as a partial mediator. Findings suggested that employee’s creativity was positively related with employee’s participation in decision making and manager’s encouragement of creativity through climate for creativity and change.
Lernen mit Texten und Bildern

Liegt der Modalitatseffekt beim Lernen mit Texten und Bildern darin begrundet, dass Bild und visueller Text gleichzeitig im visuell-raumlichen Arbeitsgedachtnissystem verarbeitet werden und dieses dadurch uberfordert ist? Das in diesem Artikel vorgestellte Experimentalparadigma erlaubt die Uberprufung einer alternativen Erklarung, die sich aus der Grundlagenforschung zum verbalen Behalten ergibt. Als Material dienten Items, die aus jeweils einem kurzen Text zu einem anschliesend prasentierten Pseudo-Sternbild bestanden. Als kritischer Faktor wurde die Textmodalitat (auditiv vs. visuell) zwischen Versuchspersonen variiert. Die Probanden beantworteten zu jedem Text vier Fragen und reproduzierten dann das Sternbild. Der einzig signifikante Einfluss der Textmodalitat fand sich in Form einer Interaktion mit der Position der Textinformation: Nur die zuletzt prasentierte Information wurde in der auditiven Bedingung besser erinnert als in der visuellen. Dieser Befund steht in Einklang mit der Annahme eines behalt.
Assessing the Value of Cloudbursting: A Case Study of Satellite Image Processing on Windows Azure

To perform computational experiments at greater scale and in less time, enterprises are increasingly looking to dynamically expand their computing capabilities through the temporary addition of cloud resources (aka "cloudbursting"). Computational infrastructure can be dismantled in minutes with no long-term capital investments. However, research is needed to identify which properties of an application best determine the potential benefits of cloudbursting. For example, there are certainly situations where the cost to transfer the necessary input data from the enterprise to the cloud (to execute the application in the cloud) outweighs the value of simply waiting until resources become available in-house. To better understand and quantify these general issues, we perform a concrete analysis of the value of cloudbursting for a large-scale application we have previously created to process and derive environmental results from satellite imagery. More specifically, we compare three versions of the application (an all-cloud design, a version that runs in-house on our cluster, and a hybrid cloudbursting version) on dimensions of debug ability, fault tolerance, correctness, economics, usability, and run-time speed. We find that for our application, cloudbursting is effective primarily because we were able to design the application so that its I/O behavior does not preclude remote (cloud) execution, we were able to minimize developmental cost by constructing a cloud run-time environment that is very similar to our in-house environment, and we achieve good run-time performance in our cloud-based executions (for example, we describe how a representative computation that takes 2 ½ hours in-house is completed in 35 minutes via cloudbursting). By generalizing this analysis, we believe that we contribute guidance to the broader community on the value of cloudbursting for escience applications.
Options théoriques et choix méthodologiques pour l'étude des capacités discursives des enfants d'àge préscolaire

L'objectif de cet article est de montrer comment les productions verbales d'enfants d'âge prescolaire en interaction avec des adultes sont analysees dans une perspective de psychologie du langage interactioniste. Dans un premier temps, quelques notions theoriques de base sont rappelees afin de situer le propos. En deuxieme lieu, des situations d'interaction sont discutees en mettant en evidence les parametres contextuels pertinents qui peuvent expliquer des differences dans l'actualisation des capacites langagieres des enfants. Ensuite, les conventions de transcription des dialogues sont presentees et illustrees par des extraits tires des situations precedemment decrites. Enfin, quelques criteres d'analyse sont discutes, allant d'aspects generaux de la gestion du dialogue a des elements plus specifiques de la production discursive. Lorsqu'il y a lieu, des liens avec les conventions de transcription sont etablis.
A Web Search Engine based approach to Measure the Semantic Similarity between Words using Page Count and Snippets Method (PCSM)

Semantic similarity measures play an important role in Information Retrieval, Natural Language Processing and Web Mining applications such as community mining, relation detection, entity disambiguation and document clustering etc. This paper proposes Page Count and Snippets Method (PCSM) to estimate semantic similarity between any two words (or entities) based on page counts and text snippets retrieved from a web search engine. It defines five page count based concurrence measures and integrates them with lexical patterns extracted from text snippets. A lexical pattern extraction algorithm is proposed to identify the semantic relations that exist between any query word pair. Similarity score of both methods are integrated by using Support Vector Machine (SVM) to get optimal results. The proposed method is compared with Miller and Charles (MC) benchmark data sets and the performance is measured by using Pearson correlation value. The correlation value of proposed method is 0.8960% which is higher than existing methods. The PCSM also evaluates semantic relations between named entities to improve Precision, Recall and F-score.
Cloning and functional analysis of multiply spliced mRNA species of human immunodeficiency virus type 1

We have used the polymerase chain reaction technique to clone the small multiply spliced mRNA species produced after infection of human cells by a molecular clone of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). We identified six Rev-expressing mRNAs, which were generated by the use of two splice acceptors located immediately upstream of the rev AUG. The class of small mRNAs included 12 mRNAs expressing Tat, Rev, and Nef. In addition, HIV-1 produced other multiply spliced mRNAs that used alternative splice sites identified by cloning and sequencing. All of these mRNAs were found in the cytoplasm and should be able to produce additional proteins. The coding capacity of the tat, rev, and nef mRNAs was analyzed by transfection of the cloned cDNAs into human cells. The tat mRNAs produced high levels of Tat, but very low levels of Rev and Nef. All the rev mRNAs expressed high levels of both Rev and Nef and were essential for the production of sufficient amounts of Rev. Therefore, HIV-1 uses both alternatively spliced and bicistronic mRNAs for the production of Tat, Rev, and Nef proteins.
Performance and Efficiency Analysis of Different Block Cipher Algorithms of Symmetric Key Cryptography

In the era of information technology, security is essential to transmit confidential information (like credit card details, banking transactions etc) over the unsecured network like internet. It is possibility that the information that is being transferred through network of computers or internet being read by other people. For this we need an efficient and secure way to protect our data. Cryptographic algorithms play a vital role in providing data security. Cryptography algorithms are divided into Symmetric and Asymmetric key cryptography. Symmetric Cryptography is further divided into Block Ciphers and Stream ciphers. This paper discusses Performance and Efficiency Analysis of different block cipher algorithms (DES, 3DES, CAST-128, BLOWFISH, IDEA & RC2) of Symmetric Key Cryptography. Block cipher algorithms has been compared based on the following factors: input size of data (in the form of text, audio and video), encryption time, decryption time, throughput of encryption and decryption of each block ciphers and power consumption. If throughput value of a block cipher is increased then power consumption value of that cipher is decreased and vice versa. From Experimental results, we analysed performance and efficiency of these block cipher algorithms (DES, 3DES, CAST-128, BLOWFISH, IDEA & RC2).
The Impact of Societal Culture on Practice: People Management in Colleges in Pakistan

Global mobilization, complex eco-political situations and the internationalization of education are changing work scenarios on educational sites. International study schools, trans-national educational institutions, distance learning, a mobile work force and shifting population structures are bringing together people with diverse cultural, ethnic, national and faith values, behaviours and expectations. In order to manage people with sensitivity in diverse work contexts, a better understanding is needed of the complex forces that underpin people management practice. This paper draws on a study of college heads in Pakistan to explore the issues and challenges in people management in that particular societal context. It explores the impact of societal culture and values in a Muslim society. It addresses a knowledge gap in human resource management (HRM) literature, and supports the argument that people management practices are 'situated' culturally, ethnically and contextually. It highlights the importance of developing an understanding of contexts, histories, and cultural and belief systems in HRM contexts.
Spreading the word: introducing pre-service teachers to programming in the K12 classroom

We present our experiences and outcomes from a programming camp held for sixth through ninth grade students. The instructional team included five pre-service teachers who earned field experience credit for this work, and one in-service teacher. The pre-service teachers were art and music teachers-in-training, providing an opportunity for us to utilize their creative expertise in developing content for the camp. In turn, we helped the teachers explore ways they might incorporate today's user-friendly programming environments (in this case, Scratch) into their curriculum. During each of four week-long sessions, the pre-service teachers gradually took over more teaching responsibilities, modifying and then presenting lessons that incorporate their own music and art expertise into the programming activities. Student pre-camp and post-camp surveys show that self-efficacy towards programming, enjoyment of programming, and interest in continuing to program increased over the course of the week-long sessions. Meanwhile, the teachers-in-training discovered they are capable of incorporating their subject matter into Scratch-based classroom activities, and teaching this material in a classroom setting. This is an encouraging demonstration of a way to introduce programming to the K-12 teaching community without overloading in-service teachers or requiring additional course work for pre-service teachers.