Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Baseline Calibration of L-Band Spaceborne Bistatic SAR TwinSAR-L for DEM Generation

The Terrain Wide-swath Interferometric L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (TwinSAR-L) mission is a spaceborne bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mission to derive a high-quality global digital elevation model (DEM). The prerequisite of the high-accuracy DEM is knowing the interferometric baseline with high precision. The challenging problem is that the baseline of the bistatic system is highly dynamic due to the fast relative motion between the two satellites. In this paper, a pixel-related baseline model based on the geometrical shift is proposed to accurately reflect the position change of satellites. The baseline error is then calibrated using height gradient information and a small number of point targets with a slight incidence angle difference, eliminating the need for low-frequency corner reflectors and avoiding the difficulty of selecting a calibration site. The proposed method has been successfully exploited during the initial Commissioning Phase of TwinSAR-L, demonstrating its effectiveness in evaluating the precise baseline and supporting the generation of high-precision DEM.
Model‐based identification of injector aging in common rail fuel systems

This paper discusses a strategy for identifying aging phenomena such as coking or erosion damage in the nozzle area of common rail injectors. These phenomena occur when the systems are operated over a longer time and they are known to impair the engine behavior. The method is based on a cycle‐to‐cycle state estimator of the Kalman filter type, which combines characteristic features of both simulated data and measured feedback from either a high‐frequency pressure sensor or an eddy current displacement sensor. The results show the great potential in accurately predicting the injection behavior and the method presented can thus be used to improve performance and emissions over an engine's lifetime.
Non‐parametric Bayesian Intensity Model: Exploring Time‐to‐Event Data on Two Time Scales

Time‐to‐event data have been extensively studied in many areas. Although multiple time scales are often observed, commonly used methods are based on a single time scale. Analysing time‐to‐event data on two time scales can offer a more extensive insight into the phenomenon. We introduce a non‐parametric Bayesian intensity model to analyse two‐dimensional point process on Lexis diagrams. After a simple discretization of the two‐dimensional process, we model the intensity by a one‐dimensional piecewise constant hazard functions parametrized by the change points and corresponding hazard levels. Our prior distribution incorporates a built‐in smoothing feature in two dimensions. We implement posterior simulation using the reversible jump Metropolis–Hastings algorithm and demonstrate the applicability of the method using both simulated and empirical survival data. Our approach outperforms commonly applied models by borrowing strength in two dimensions.
The Cultural Values of Figurative Expressions in the text Mother Pārvatī Curses Citraketu

This paper discusses the cultural values that are found in the text Mother Pārvatī Curses Citraketu. The aims of this study are to find out the types of figurative expressions found in the text Mother Pārvatī Curses Citraketu and to find out how the cultural values conveyed by the figurative expressions in the text. The data of this study was taken from the English religious text PurāṇaPurāṇa entitled Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam Sixth Canto . Prescribed Duties of Mankind . The data was collected through library research. The collected data were analysed based on the theory proposed by Larson (1998) and Keraf (2007) about the types of figurative expressions, and the theory proposed by Brown (2001) about the cultural elements. To reveal the cultural values of the text, it is needed to see the cultural elements. In this study, the cultural elements are limited into 3 such as the custom and tradition, religion, and language. The result shows there are 5 figurative expressions namely euphemism, paradox, pleonasm, simile, and metaphor which also comprise their cultural values such as language, custom and tradition, and religion. Mother Pārvatī Curses Citraketu contains the conversations, purports, and values as a media for learning spiritual knowledge. This paper can be a reference for the readers who study in the concern of culture and language, especially in the use of style in language that can be found from using the figurative expressions. The culture values found in the text Mother Pārvatī Curses Citraketu namely custom and tradition, religion, and language which can be used as the significant background into daily life nowadays.
Pemharuh Belas Kasih Terhadap Perilaku Prososial Dimoderasi Oleh Kebutuhan Kognisi Pada Remaja Yang Kehilangan Orang Tua

Berperilaku prososial memberikan kepuasan dan kesejahteraan bagi individu. Perilaku prososial berkaitan dengan tingginya rasa belas kasih. Individu yang memiliki rasa belas kasih tinggi memiliki rasa tanggungjawab atas kesejahteraan orang lain sehingga berperilaku prososial. Pengaruh tersebut dimoderasi oleh kebutuhan kognisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh belas kasih terhadap perilaku prososial dimoderasi oleh kebutuhan kognisi. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 232 siswa usia 15-18 tahun. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan Compassion Subscale of the Dispositional Positive Emotion Scale (DPES-CS), Prosocialness Scale for Adults (PSA), dan Need for Cognition Scale (NCS-6). Analisis data menggunakan Moderated Regression Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh positif dan signifikan belas kasih terhadap perilaku prososial menurun dimoderasi oleh kebutuhan kognisi (β = -0,072; p = 0,017), kontribusi belas kasih terhadap perilaku prososial dimoderasi oleh kebutuhan kognisi yaitu sebesar 64,7%.
Developing an Instrument to Measure the Social Capital in Young Tennis Players

Social capital consists of connections between individuals from which mutual trust and social networks arise. It is a term that encompasses resources that can be defined as social relations and social inclusion. It is an integral social factor that affects the social norms of an individual’s behavior. Social components are an important factor for achieving better success in sport. The level of social capital can be assessed with different questionnaires. As there were no existing validated instruments for assessing social capital in young tennis players so far, a new questionnaire in relation to competitive tennis players was made. The goal of this research was to construct and validate a questionnaire for assessing the level of social capital in young tennis players. The social capital questionnaire was filled out by 90 participants (age=16.53±1.18; girls N=31, boys N=59), who were, at the time, participating in an ITF level (International tennis federation) tennis tournament. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured with the Cronbach Alpha coefficient. When analyzing the reliability of the selected 12 questions, the reliability was determined Cr. Alpha=0.714 and the questionnaire validity was determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient. It is understood that many factors impact young athletes during their growth and development, and that social components and social ties play an important role in young athletes’ sporting careers. Through the creation of this questionnaire, future researchers will be able to further analyze and investigate social capital in tennis using it as a valid research tool.
Towards Better Product Quality: Identifying Legitimate Quality Issues through NLP & Machine Learning Techniques

Manufacturers of high-end professional products are committed to delivering outstanding customer-quality experiences. They maintain databases of customer complaints and repair service jobs data to monitor product quality. Analyzing the text data from service jobs can help identify common problems, recurring issues, and patterns that impact customer satisfaction, and aid manufacturers in taking corrective actions to improve product design, manufacturing processes, and customer support services. However, distinguishing legitimate quality issues from a brief, domain-specific text in service jobs remains a challenge. This study aims to automate the classification of technical service repair job data into legitimate quality issues or non-issues to assist individuals in the quality field department in a large company. To achieve this goal, we developed a comprehensive pipeline based on natural language processing and machine learning techniques including raw text preprocessing, dealing with imbalance class distribution, feature extraction, and classification. In this study, We evaluate several feature extraction and machine learning classification methods and perform the Friedman test followed by Nemenyi post-hoc analysis to find the best-performing model. Our results show that the passive-aggressive classifier achieved the highest average accuracy of 94% and 89% average macro F1-score when trained on TF-IDF vectors.
A low band gap diketopyrrolopyrrole-based polymer: Synthesis, thermal and optical properties

ABSTRACT In this work, P-DPP, which was a low band gap polymer based on diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) and cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT), was synthesized through palladium-catalyzed Stille coupling reaction. Due to the strong electron-donating property of CPDT and strong withdrawing property of DPP, P-DPP exhibited narrow band gap of 1.29 eV. The thermal and optical properties of P-DPP had been carefully investigated.
Evaluation of human dynamic balance in Grassmann manifold

The authors present an application of Grassmann manifold to the evaluation of human dynamic balance based on the time series representing movements of hip, knee and ankle joints in the sagittal, frontal and transverse planes. Time series were extracted from gait sequences which were recorded in the Human Motion Laboratory (HML) of the Polish-Japanese Academy of Information Technology in Bytom, Poland using the Vicon system.
X-ray polarimetry – A new Window on Black Hole Systems

Abstract Three dedicated X-ray polarimetry mission projects are currently under phase A study at NASA and ESA. The need for this new observational window is more apparent than ever. On behalf of the consortium behind the X-ray Imaging Polarimetry Explorer (XIPE) we present here some prospects of X-ray polarimetry for our understanding of supermassive and stellar mass black hole systems. X-ray polarimetry is going to discriminate between leptonic and hadronic jet models in radio-loud active galactic nuclei. For leptonic jets it also puts important constraints on the origin of the seed photons that constitute the high energy emission via Comptonization. Another important application of X-ray polarimetry allows us to clarify the accretion history of the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center. In a few Black Hole X-ray binary systems, X-ray polarimetry allows us to estimate in a new, independent way the angular momentum of the black hole.
Effect of Carrot Juice on the Texture Properties, Rheology, and Microstructure of Yoghurt

In the present study, carrot juice prepared was added into skimmed milk before fermentation to produce 10% and 20% (w/w) carrot-fortified skim milk. The influence of carrot juice on the lactic acid content, chemical composition, syneresis, texture, rheology property, and microstructure was evaluated along with a potential of carrot juice as an ingredient with rich dietary fiber and a firm structure with interaction of milk protein and a complex matrix under acidification. The results showed that the pH of yoghurt significantly ( P < 0.01 ) reduced with carrot juice addition, minimizing fermentation time by nearly 1 h and brought about an enhanced postacidification during the storage period while titratable acidity increased. Moreover, carrot juice addition had no significant effect on ferric reducing power and phenolic content ( P > 0.05 ). With 10% and 20% level carrot juice added, the total phenolic content (mg GAEkg−1) increased (37.86 and 38.92, respectively) compared with control (36.91) ( P < 0.05 ). Besides, the addition of carrot juice also showed reduced syneresis, increased apparent viscosity and viscoelastic modulus, stable texture, and a refined microstructure. Overall, this study confirmed that carrot juice has a potential as natural and nutrient composition to obtain firm and compact texture and enhance the beneficial quality of yoghurt.
Early Parkinson's Disease Detection Using Machine Learning Approach

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement and motor skills. Early diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease are crucial for improving patient outcomes; however, traditional diagnostic methods are time-consuming and subject to observer bias. This study aims to use a machine learning model for the detection of Parkinson's disease. The model will be trained on a public repository dataset of biomedical voice measurements from individuals with and without Parkinson's disease and its performance will be evaluated in terms of accuracy and precision. The results of this study have the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease by providing a fast, non-invasive, and reliable diagnostic tool. The study's results could also have implications for the development of similar diagnostic tools for other neurodegenerative disorders.
Modelling of Bidirectional Three-Phase Four-Wire Three-Level NPC MLC under Single-Loop Current Sensorless Control

Single-loop current sensorless control allows for abolishing of the instantaneous current measurement in the control system using only a single control loop with voltage feedback to stabilise the DC-bus voltage. This approach eliminates current sensors in the control circuit, benefiting from saving space on the printed circuit board and minimising power dissipation in the current measurement circuitry. This paper focuses on the single-loop current sensorless control applied to bidirectional three-phase four-wire three-level NPC MLC by simulation analysis and demonstrates the performance of the proposed current control algorithm in the rectifier and inverter modes and the step response with power direction change and grid-voltage change. In capacitor voltage balancing, an additional controller is applied, which is capable of compensating for the voltage asymmetry caused by adding a 2.5 kOhm resistor in parallel to one of the DC-bus capacitors. Our results demonstrate good performance of the proposed control method both in the inverter and rectifier modes, showing stable current shape in the low power and full power modes with acceptable harmonics content, meeting the requirements of the IEC 61000-3-2 standard for Class A devices. The analysis showed that the proposed control approach is suitable for industrial application.
Parallel Collision Detection with OpenMP

Collision detection is a very important issue for 5-axis machining. In this paper, we parallelize the collision detection of 5-axis machining with OpenMP to improve its performance. First, we apply profiling tools to analyse collision detection to obtain the performance spectrum. Then we apply some techniques to exploit parallelism, reduce the number of instructions, and parallelize the critical parts with OpenMP to improve speedup. The results show that the proposed approach can outperform the sequential version by 17 times.
Applications of the Jupiter Global Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Model: A case study of auroral electron energy deposition

We investigate auroral energy deposition by using a nonhydrostatic global atmospheric model coupled to a two‐stream electron transport model. We present several electron beam study cases, discussing energy flux and electron energy effects on the ion and neutral densities, the atmospheric thermal profile, H3+ and hydrocarbon infrared (IR) emissions, H2 far ultraviolet (FUV) emissions and color ratios, and vibrationally excited molecular hydrogen. Using the nonhydrostatic Jupiter Global Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Model, we find that FUV spectral characteristics consistent with previous Hubble Space Telescope results derive primarily from electrons with energies above 10 keV, over energy fluxes of 10–100 erg/cm2 s, while IR emissions are predominantly due to electrons with energies below 10 keV, over energy fluxes of 10–100 erg/cm2 s. Electrons with energies below about 10 keV produce enough H2(ν) to deplete the H+ population, modifying the ionospheric composition, and consequently the H3+ emissions, which can be used to directly relate H2 vibrational excitation to auroral observations. New observations by Juno will provide better electron energy distributions to constrain the electron energy spectrum and magnitude at the upper boundary of the model and simultaneously provide a determination of the FUV and IR spectra that can be cross‐correlated with the observations.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Histological Pattern of Primary Glomerular Diseases among Adult Patients

Background and Aims: Primary glomerulonephritis (GN) is the major cause for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and considered to contribute in 52% cases. Kidney biopsy is an essential tool in nephrologists' clinical practice for determining diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of a variety of glomerular conditions. The purpose of the present study was to determine the primary glomerular diseases histopathological pattern among adult patients. Patients and Methods: A total of 94 suspected primary glomerular disease (GD) patients were investigated in this cross-sectional study conducted in the Nephrology Unit of Medicine department of Mayo Hospital, Lahore from 21st January 2021 to 20th February 2022. Individual’s demographic details, diagnostic tests, clinical presentation, kidney biopsy indications, and post-biopsy complications were recorded on pre-designed questionnaire/pro-forma. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 27. Results: Out of 94 patients, about 76 (80.9%) patients had primary glomerular disease diagnosed on native kidney biopsies. The overall mean age was 38.4± 6.2 years. Out of 94 primary glomerular disease patients, there were 48 (51.1%) male and 46 (48.9%) females. The incidence of nephrotic syndrome and unexplained renal parameters elevations were 47.4% (n=36) and 31.6% (n=24) respectively. The prevalence of Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), minimal change disease, and IgA nephropathy was 30.3% (n=23), 25% (n=19), 17.1% (n=13), and 6.6% (n=5) respectively. Kidney biopsy post-complications were found in 8 (10.5%) cases. Conclusion: The present study observed that MPGN and FSDS were the most prime causes for primary glomerular disease. The most prevalent indication of kidney biopsy was nephrotic syndrome. Keywords: Glomerular disease, kidney biopsy, histopathological pattern, adult patients
Anatomy of the lung revisited by 3D-CT imaging

The anatomy of the lung was originally described based on data acquired from cadaveric studies and surgical findings. Over time, computed tomography (CT) and three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques have been developed, allowing for reconstruction and understanding of lung anatomy in a more intuitive way. The wide adoption of 3D-CT imaging technology has led to a variety of anatomical studies performed not only by anatomists but also by surgeons and radiologists. Such studies have led to new or modified classification systems, shed light on lung anatomy from a useful surgical viewpoint, and enabled us to analyze lung anatomy with a focus on particular anatomical features. 3D images also allow for enhanced pre- and intra-operative simulation, improved surgical safety, enhanced educational utility, and the capacity to perform large-scale anatomical studies in shorter time frames. We will review here the key features of 3D-CT imaging of the lung, along with representative anatomical studies regarding (I) general lung anatomy, (II) anatomy of the right and left lobes, and (III) features of interlobar vessels. The current surge of 3D imaging analysis shows that the field is growing, with the technology continuing to improve. Future studies using these new and innovative methodologies will continue to refine our understanding of lung anatomy while enhancing our ability to perform safe and effective surgical resections.
Polymorphism of Sikumbang Jonti ducks Growth Hormone (GH) Gene using PCR-RFLP Methods

: This research aimed to identify polymorphism of the GH gene in Sikumbang Jonti ducks using the PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) method as a candidate for genetic marker selection. This research used 123 blood samples of male and female Sikumbang Jonti ducks. The ducks were eight weeks old and kept intensively at the UPT Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas. Blood samples of Sikumbang Jonti ducks were taken through the brachial vein as much as ± 2 mL. The Genomic DNA Purification Kit (Promega) protocol isolated DNA from blood samples. A pair of primers F amplified the total DNA: 5'-GGA CAG CCT GAG GAA AGA GT-3 'and R: 5'-GTG GAA GGT GGG GAG ACT TC-3', which produced a fragment region of the GH gene exon 3 with a cut region of part intron two and part intron 3 with a primary length of 833 bp. The amplified product was restricted by the enzyme Tas I which recognizes the cutting site (↓AATT). Based on the restriction results, two (2) genotypes were obtained, namely homozygous (-/-) as many as four (4) and homozygous (+/+) as many as 119. The analysis of restriction products included the allele frequency, namely the allele (+) of 0.98 and the allele (-) of 0.02, and genotypes frequency of homozygous (-/-) of 0.03 and homozygous genotypes (+/+) of 0.97. The diversity of the GH gene is in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there is diversity in the GH gene of the Sikumbang Jonti duck, and it is in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, so it can be used as a candidate for the genetic marker of ducks.
The Impact of Chitosan and Tithonia Diversifolia Compost on the Growth and Yield of Peanut Plants (Arachis hypogaea L.)

This study aims to investigate the combined impact of Chitosan and Tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) Compost on the Growth and Yield of Peanut Plants (Arachis hypogaea L.). A factorial randomized block design (RBD) was utilized for the experiment. The first factor was Tithonia compost in quantities of 0 tons/ha-1, 5 tons/ha-1, and 10 tons/ha-1. The second factor was Chitosan, applied at three dosage levels: 0 ml/l water, 3 ml/l water, and 6 ml/l water. The results suggest that the use of Tithonia compost effectively enhances plant height, flowering age, harvest age, 100-seed weight, and dry pod weight per hill when applied at a dose of 10 tons/ha. Furthermore, Chitosan administration was found to increase the number of effective root nodules when used at a concentration of 6 ml/l water. The interaction between Tithonia compost and Chitosan also resulted in an extended flowering life and an increase in dry pod weight per hill of peanut plant. Based on these findings, we recommend using 10 tons/ha of Tithonia compost and 3 ml/l water of Chitosan in peanut cultivation for optimal results. This is an open acces article under the CC-BY license.