Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal Project Portfolio Selection Considering Cascading Failure Among Projects

A novel model is proposed for optimal project portfolio selection (PPS). Different from previous PPS methods that consider the interdependence, interaction, or synergy relationships among projects, this article considers the cascading failure process caused by these relationships. Specifically, we first construct a PP network (PPN) and determine the initial load and capacity of the projects (nodes). Afterward, we simulate the cascading failure process by attacking one or more projects in the PP and distribute the load of the failed projects to nonfailed neighboring projects. The cascading failure process ends until no project fails. Finally, we propose a new indicator to measure and compare each PPN's cascading failure results, based on which the optimal PP is selected. A numerical experiment is conducted to depict the PPS process. The results of this study provide guiding implications for project portfolio management decision-makers, helping them consider PPS problems from a new perspective and make more reasonable decisions.
Production plan scheduling on electronic factory

Production scheduling is essential in the modern manufacturing system. ARENA simulation software is generally used in the industrial practice to simulate discrete events for production. This paper aims to optimise the production sequence for the electronic assembly factory. In this study, we proposed an approach that enables collaboration between the software simulation and the optimisation theory. The structure is designed based on the hierarchical approach which divides the system into two layers: ARENA simulation software is used for simulating the production events while five optimisation algorithms consisting of Palmer, Gupta, CDS, FMECA and genetic algorithms are employed as the optimiser. The advantage of the proposed approach is that developers can program the algorithms to explore the optimal solution with the existing high reliable simulated model created by the planner/manager. A comparison of the performance between different algorithms with a real case study for the benchmark revealed that the GA explored a superior solution with minimising operational time or makespan compared to its rival techniques regarding for production. (167 words)
Convergence rates of the generalized information criterion

The generalized information criterion (GIC) selects a linear regression model by minimizing the sum of squared residuals plus a penalty parameter λ times a linear function of the model dimension. It is known that the GIC is asymptotically consistent in the sense that the error probability of selecting a non-optimal model by the GIC converges to zero when λ→∞ (as the sample size increases to ∞) at a certain rate. In the present paper we establish some convergence rates for the error probabilities of the GIC, in terms of λ and the order of the design matrix. The rates obtained here are sharper than the existing ones in the literature when the distribution of the response variable is non-normal. A discussion of the choice of the penalty parameter λ is also given.
Domestic Load Management With Coordinated Photovoltaics, Battery Storage and Electric Vehicle Operation

Coordinated power demand management at residential or domestic levels allows energy participants to efficiently manage load profiles, increase energy efficiency and reduce operational cost. In this paper, a hierarchical coordination framework to optimally manage domestic load using photovoltaic (PV) units, battery-energy-storage-systems (BESs) and electric vehicles (EVs) is presented. The bidirectional power flow of EV with vehicle to grid (V2G) operation manages real-time domestic load profile and takes appropriate coordinated action using its controller when necessary. The proposed system has been applied to a real power distribution network and tested with real load patterns and load dynamics. This also includes various test scenarios and prosumer’s preferences e.g., with or without EVs, number of EV owners, number of households, and prosumer’s daily activities. This is a combined hybrid system for hierarchical coordination that consists of PV units, BES systems and EVs. The system performance was analyzed with different commercial EV types with charging/ discharging constraints and the result shows that the domestic load demand on the distribution grid during the peak period has been reduced significantly. In the end, this proposed system’s performance was compared with the prediction-based test techniques and the financial benefits were estimated.
The Recursive Theory of Slow Viscoelastic Flow Applied to Three Basic Problems of Hydrodynamics

The flow‐field and stresses, correct to the third order, are calculated for three basic problems of viscoelastic flow: the Poiseuille problem; helical flow in an annulus, and torsional flow between discs. The slow flow equations are set out in general tensor notation, then specialized to cylindrical polar coordinates and to spherical polar coordinates.
Downstream Controls on Coastal Plain River Avulsions: A Global Study

The avulsion frequency of coastal‐plain rivers is primarily governed by the rate at which channels become superelevated over neighboring plains, which is itself controlled by multiple factors. Notably, the importance of wave and tidal processes, the rates of relative sea‐level (RSL) change, and the bathymetry of the receiving basin are thought to affect channel morphodynamics and channel‐mouth progradation, thereby controlling streambed aggradation and influencing the avulsion frequency and drainage density of coastal plains and deltas. This work tests the significance of these downstream factors on the avulsion histories of 57 Holocene lowland river systems. A quantitative analysis is performed of relationships between variables that quantify downstream controls and estimations of avulsion frequency, based on the number of avulsion events, active or abandoned channel paths, and delta lobes; measures of spatiotemporal avulsion “density” are also derived by normalizing these metrics by the size of study areas and the number of distinct drainage systems. Relationships between avulsion‐frequency metrics and descriptors of process regime indicate that wave and tidal processes may stabilize coastal channel systems, but also that their influence may be modest. No consistent relationship is seen between avulsion‐frequency proxies and the offshore bathymetric gradient, which in the studied examples does not scale with the rate of shoreline progradation. No evident trend exists between measures of avulsion frequency and estimated rates of either eustatic or RSL fluctuations. Overall, the considered variables do not leave a clear statistical signature in Holocene avulsion histories, suggesting that upstream or intrabasinal factors may represent more important controls.
Deterministic annealing variant of variational Bayes method

The Variational Bayes (VB) method is widely used as an approximation of the Bayesian method. Because the VB method is a gradient algorithm, it is often trapped by poor local optimal solutions. We introduce deterministic annealing to the VB method to overcome such a local optimal problem. A temperature parameter is introduced to the free energy for controlling the annealing process deterministically. Applying the method to a mixture of Gaussian models and hidden Markov models, we show that it can obtain the global optimum of the free energy and discover optimal model structure.
Robust generalized H/sub 2/ control for uncertain and LPV systems with general scalings

In this paper we extend the known analysis and synthesis results for robust generalized H/sub 2/ performance to general full block scalings and provide a full solution to the corresponding linear parameter varying (LPV) problem. This is only possible if the scheduling of the controller is not just with a copy of the plant uncertainties but also with a nonlinear function thereof.
Corporate social responsibility, accounting, and auditing: A retrospective review

The primary purpose of this article is to conduct the bibliometric review of corporate social responsibility, accounting, and auditing-related 405 publications from the Scopus database and in the A*, A, and B category of Australian Business Deans Council’s journal quality list. We have conducted a descriptive analysis that presents the annual publication and citation trend, collaboration pattern, most influential articles, and most productive and influential journals, authors, countries, and organizations. In contrast, network analysis includes the country co-authorship, journal citation, author keyword co-occurrence, journal co-citation, and bibliographic coupling of documents. At last, we have reviewed the contents of bibliographic-based clusters to present past and present CSR, accounting, and auditing and found the gap that can help in future research by stakeholders.
An Efficient and Privacy-Preserving Information Reporting Framework for Traffic Monitoring in Vehicular Networks

Traffic monitoring services show great potential for improving traffic efficiency in vehicular networks. With the assistance of 5G innovation, vehicles can report information such as driving misbehavior and traffic status to the traffic monitoring server which then returns feedback to the network to enhance the efficiency of traffic management. However, some challenging issues in information reporting need to be addressed first. Trivial reported information significantly increases the workload of the server. Moreover, a server is difficult to distinguish the truth of reported messages. As a result, the server is incapable of returning immediate feedback to the network, thereby reducing the quality of traffic services. Meanwhile, uploading location-based information to the server exposes vehicles' privacy. Although some existing techniques such as trust management benefit information reporting, a complete framework is still missing. In this paper, we propose an information reporting framework for solving both efficiency and privacy issues. Specifically, messages are probabilistically reported to the server depending on their importance. Furthermore, the DAG-based blockchain ensures that messages reported for a specific event are all gathered in the same ledger. We also present a scheme based on the geo-indistinguishability to protect the location privacy of vehicles. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework preserves the location privacy of vehicles and achieves efficiency with acceptable overheads.
Power Transmission Line Classification from Images using Pre-trained Deep Learning Models

Identifying the type of a power transmission line from images is a fascinating field. It can lead to applications like tower detection, line inspection, location detection, multi-fitting detection, fault detection, foreign object detection, etc. The data collection involves 348 real-time images captured from the UAV and 696 synthetic images. Based on the geometry of the line, the whole data is classified into three classes: simple, real, and Duplo lines. This paper feeds real and synthetic images to the pretrained deep neural networks (DNN) for the line inspection application. Comprehensively top-32 pretrained models were tested on the dataset and evaluated the classification performance. In addition, the DNN algorithms are also tested on the Raspberry Pi hardware platform to know the run-time feasibility of this real-time application.
Prevalence of Repeating Earthquakes in the Continental Crust and Subducting Slabs: Triggering of Earthquakes by Aseismic Slip

Repeating earthquakes, or repeaters, which repeatedly rupture the same location and release the strain energy, are interpreted as repeated ruptures of an isolated asperity patch surrounded by a stable sliding regime. While repeaters are frequently observed along plate‐boundary faults, the occurrence of repeater sequences are reported in various tectonic settings. Here we systematically investigate whether repeaters occur in the continental crust and subducting slabs beneath the Japanese Islands and show a prevalence of repeaters in both locations. The crustal and intraslab repeaters show the power‐law decay of seismicity rates that is identical to that along plate‐boundary faults and occur on well‐defined fault planes coincidentally with non‐repeating earthquakes. These observations suggest that repeaters share a common generation process independent of the tectonics regime and are not distinct from non‐repeaters in their source locations and occurrence times. We thus infer that repeaters and non‐repeaters are both generated by ruptures of locked asperities in response to stress loading by aseismic slip in the surrounding stable regime. Repeater sequences can be observed when aseismic slip is large enough to rupture an isolated asperity more than twice, while no repeaters are generated when the amount of aseismic slip is not sufficient to cause multiple ruptures at an isolated asperity. Since an earthquake cannot be triggered unless the amount of the aseismic stress loading exceeds the strength of asperities at the fault, hidden aseismic slip probably occurs repeatedly and frequently during an interseismic period.
Linear controllers for exponential tracking of systems in chained-form

In this paper we address the tracking problem for a class of non-holonomic chained-form control systems. We present a simple solution for both the state feedback and the dynamic output feedback problem. The proposed controllers are linear and render the tracking error dynamics globally K-exponentially stable. We also deal with both control problems under input saturation. Application of the results to the control of wheeled mobile robots is illustrated by means of simulations of a car pulling a single trailer.
Constraints on Active Region Coronal Heating

We derive constraints on the time variability of coronal heating from observations of the so-called active region moss by the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE). The moss is believed to be due to million-degree emission from the transition regions at the footpoints of coronal loops whose maximum temperatures are several million degrees. The two key results from the TRACE observations discussed in this paper are that in the moss regions one generally sees only moss, not million-degree loops, and that the moss emission exhibits only weak intensity variations, ~10% over periods of hours. TRACE movies showing these results are presented. We demonstrate, using both analytic and numerical calculations, that the lack of observable million-degree loops in the moss regions places severe constraints on the possible time variability of coronal heating in the loops overlying the moss. In particular, the heating in the hot moss loops cannot be truly flarelike with a sharp cutoff, but instead must be quasi-steady to an excellent approximation. Furthermore, the lack of significant variations in the moss intensity implies that the heating magnitude is only weakly varying. The implications of these conclusions for coronal heating models will be discussed.
Security Threat to the Robustness of RRAM-based Neuromorphic Computing System

The RRAM-based neuromorphic computing system (NCS) has amassed explosive interest due to its superior data processing capability and energy efficiency compared with traditional architectures, and thus being widely adopted even in many safety-sensitive applications. The robustness of the RRAM-based NCS, therefore, becomes an essential concern. In this paper, we present the insight that the inherent variation in RRAM devices arises as a security threat to the robustness of RRAM-based neuromorphic computing systems. We present VADER and EFI, two hardware-aware attack methods, targeting different attack scenarios and objectives, to RRAM-based neuromorphic systems. VADER perturbs the input samples to mislead the prediction of neural networks. At the same time, EFI distorts the network parameter space to stealthily predict a specified sample to a designated and incorrect category. Both attack methods leverage the RRAM variation to improve the attack performance (i.e., efficiency, effectiveness, and stealthiness). Experimental results show that our hardware-aware attack methods can achieve almost 100% attack success rate with a meager attack cost while maintaining attack stealthiness.
Forced Thickness‐Shear Vibrations of Discontinuously Plated Piezoelectric Plates

If the ratio of the length of an electrode strip to the thickness of a partially electroded infinite crystal plate is kept below a certain critical value known as Bechmann's number— which depends on certain geometric and material parameters then, for the crystal vibrating at frequencies in the neighborhood of its fundamental thickness‐shear frequency, there are no anharmonic overtones of the thickness‐shear motion. The concept of the discontinuously plated structure can be employed to design crystals with large values of Bechmann's number without decreasing the thickness of the electrode and consequently increasing the electrical resistance of the electrode. In this paper, by means of a special approximate theory, an explicit formula for the Bechmann's number of a discontinuously plated structure is obtained in terms of the dimensions and material properties of the insulating film, the electrode, and the crystal.
CDK1 and CDK2 regulate NICD1 turnover and the periodicity of the segmentation clock

All vertebrates share a segmented body axis. Segments form from the rostral end of the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) with a periodicity that is regulated by the segmentation clock. The segmentation clock is a molecular oscillator that exhibits dynamic clock gene expression across the PSM with a periodicity that matches somite formation. Notch signalling is crucial to this process. Altering Notch intracellular domain (NICD) stability affects both the clock period and somite size. However, the mechanism by which NICD stability is regulated in this context is unclear. We identified a highly conserved site crucial for NICD recognition by the SCF E3 ligase, which targets NICD for degradation. We demonstrate both CDK1 and CDK2 can phosphorylate NICD in the domain where this crucial residue lies and that NICD levels vary in a cell cycle‐dependent manner. Inhibiting CDK1 or CDK2 activity increases NICD levels both in vitro and in vivo, leading to a delay of clock gene oscillations and an increase in somite size.
Performance Evaluation of Ideal Nearest Replica Routing (NRR) Against Several Forwarding Strategies on Named Data Networking(NDN)

Internet has become the primary need of the world community that led to a new era of sophisticated communication strategy. This enforced service providers to develop a new architecture and boosted wide range distribution of content. Named Data Networking (NDN) offers an alternative solution as the successor for the architecture of the Internet. In this paper, we evaluated the ideal Nearest Replica Routing (NRR) forwarding strategy against multiple forwarding strategies that exist in NDN by evaluating their performance against triple-play service with specific context. In our experiment we used NS3 and ndnSIM 2.0 on Ubuntu 14.04. 5. The experiment results show that the ideal Nearest Replica Routing (NRR) strategy has a good performance in various circumstances.
Using CIVT-SELEX to Select Aptamers as Genetic Parts to Regulate Gene Circuits in a Cell-Free System

The complexity of genetic circuits has not seen a significant increase over the last decades, even with the rapid development of synthetic biology tools. One of the bottlenecks is the limited number of orthogonal transcription factor–operator pairs. Researchers have tried to use aptamer–ligand pairs as genetic parts to regulate transcription. However, most aptamers selected using traditional methods cannot be directly applied in gene circuits for transcriptional regulation. To that end, we report a new method called CIVT-SELEX to select DNA aptamers that can not only bind to macromolecule ligands but also undergo significant conformational changes, thus affecting transcription. The single-stranded DNA library with affinity to our example ligand human thrombin protein is first selected and enriched. Then, these ssDNAs are inserted into a genetic circuit and tested in the in vitro transcription screening to obtain the ones with significant inhibitory effects on downstream gene transcription when thrombins are present. These aptamer–thrombin pairs can inhibit the transcription of downstream genes, demonstrating the feasibility and robustness of their use as genetic parts in both linear DNAs and plasmids. We believe that this method can be applied to select aptamers of any target ligands and vastly expand the genetic part library for transcriptional regulation.
Gaussian Sum Reapproximation for Use in a Nonlinear Filter

A new method has been developed to approximate one Gaussian sum by another. This algorithm is being developed as part of an effort to generalize the concept of a particle filter. In a traditional particle filter, the underlying probability density function is described by particles: Dirac delta functions with infinitesimal covariances. This paper develops an important component of a more general filter, which uses a Gaussian sum with “fattened” finite-covariance “blobs” (i.e., Gaussian components), which replace infinitesimal particles. The goal of such a filter is to save computational effort by using many fewer Gaussian components than particles. Most of the techniques necessary for this type of filter exist. The one missing technique is a resampling algorithm that bounds the covariance of each Gaussian component while accurately reproducing the original probability distribution. The covariance bounds keep the blobs from becoming too “fat” to ensure low truncation error in extended Kalman filter or unsc.
Undergraduate Student Attitudes and Perspectives of the Accessibility, Supportiveness, and Appreciation of Research Opportunities in the Health Sciences

Undergraduate research is a “high-impact” educational practice that enriches student learning and facilitates student career advancement. This sequential explanatory mixed methods study, composed of a quantitative online questionnaire followed by qualitative focus group interviews, sought to explore undergraduate student attitudes on research and elicit perceived facilitators and barriers to undergraduate research engagement. The survey respondents (N = 377), all undergraduate health sciences students at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, generally had positive attitudes toward undergraduate research, but had polarized perceptions of its accessibility, supportiveness, and appreciation. Follow-up focus group interviews with selected participants (N = 11) revealed four main themes: (1) the hidden curriculum of undergraduate research, (2) the paucity of meaningful research work for emerging student researchers, (3) the administrative barriers within the undergraduate research landscape, and (4) the inequitable access to undergraduate research opportunities. This study’s findings suggest potential avenues to improve the undergraduate student research experience,
Time-resolved fluorescence measurements for diffuse optical tomography using ultrafast time-correlated single photon counting

We develop a novel approach to infer depth information about a small fluorophore-filled inclusion immersed in a scattering medium. It relies on time-resolved measurements of the time of flight distribution of emitted fluorescent photons after short pulse laser excitation. The approach uses a novel numerical constant fraction discrimination technique to assign a stable arrival time to the distribution's early photons. Our experimental results show a linear relationship between these arrival times and the position of the inclusion. This approach will serve as a useful technique in fluorescence diffuse optical tomography.