Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear 3D tomographic least-squares inversion of residual moveout in Kirchhoff prestack-depth-migration common-image gathers

Velocity-model estimation with seismic reflection tomographyisanonlinearinverseproblem.Wepresentanewmethodforsolvingthenonlineartomographicinverseproblemusing 3D prestack-depth-migrated reflections as the input data, i.e., our method requires that prestack depth migration PSDMbeperformedbeforetomography.Themethodisapplicable to any type of seismic data acquisition that permits seismic imaging with Kirchhoff PSDM.Afundamental conceptofthemethodisthatwedissociatethepossiblyincorrect initialmigrationvelocitymodelfromthetomographicvelocity model. We take the initial migration velocity model and the residual moveout in the associated PSDM common-image gathers as the reference data. This allows us to consider themigrateddepthoftheinitialPSDMastheinvariantobservation for the tomographic inverse problem. We can therefore formulate the inverse problem within the general framework of inverse theory as a nonlinear least-squares data fitting between observed and modeled migrated depth. The modeledmigrateddepthiscalculatedbyraytracinginthetomographic model, followed by a finite-offset map migration in the initial migration model.The inverse problem is solved iteratively with a Gauss-Newton algorithm. We applied the method to a North Sea data set to build an anisotropic layer velocitymodel.
EnViTSA: Ensemble of Vision Transformer with SpecAugment for Acoustic Event Classification

Recent successes in deep learning have inspired researchers to apply deep neural networks to Acoustic Event Classification (AEC). While deep learning methods can train effective AEC models, they are susceptible to overfitting due to the models’ high complexity. In this paper, we introduce EnViTSA, an innovative approach that tackles key challenges in AEC. EnViTSA combines an ensemble of Vision Transformers with SpecAugment, a novel data augmentation technique, to significantly enhance AEC performance. Raw acoustic signals are transformed into Log Mel-spectrograms using Short-Time Fourier Transform, resulting in a fixed-size spectrogram representation. To address data scarcity and overfitting issues, we employ SpecAugment to generate additional training samples through time masking and frequency masking. The core of EnViTSA resides in its ensemble of pre-trained Vision Transformers, harnessing the unique strengths of the Vision Transformer architecture. This ensemble approach not only reduces inductive biases but also effectively mitigates overfitting. In this study, we evaluate the EnViTSA method on three benchmark datasets: ESC-10, ESC-50, and UrbanSound8K. The experimental results underscore the efficacy of our approach, achieving impressive accuracy scores of 93.50%, 85.85%, and 83.20% on ESC-10, ESC-50, and UrbanSound8K, respectively. EnViTSA represents a substantial advancement in AEC, demonstrating the potential of Vision Transformers and SpecAugment in the acoustic domain.
Processing and Segmentation of Human Teeth from 2D Images using Weakly Supervised Learning

Teeth segmentation is an essential task in dental image analysis for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. While supervised deep learning methods can be utilized for teeth segmentation, they often require extensive manual annotation of segmentation masks, which is time-consuming and costly. In this research, we propose a weakly supervised approach for teeth segmentation that reduces the need for manual annotation. Our method utilizes the output heatmaps and intermediate feature maps from a keypoint detection network to guide the segmentation process. We introduce the TriDental dataset, consisting of 3000 oral cavity images annotated with teeth keypoints, to train a teeth keypoint detection network. We combine feature maps from different layers of the keypoint detection network, enabling accurate teeth segmentation without explicit segmentation annotations. The detected keypoints are also used for further refinement of the segmentation masks. Experimental results on the TriDental dataset demonstrate the superiority of our approach in terms of accuracy and robustness compared to state-of-the-art segmentation methods. Our method offers a cost-effective and efficient solution for teeth segmentation in real-world dental applications, eliminating the need for extensive manual annotation efforts.
The Modulated Role of Toxoplasma gondii on Eosinophils in Psychiatric Disorders after Cannabis Cessation

The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of T. gondii status on eosinophils count (EOS), the eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR), and the eosinophil-to-neutrophil-to-lymphocytes ratio (ENLR) before and after cannabis cessation in patients with psychiatric disorders. One hundred and eighty-eight patients were included in the study. T. gondii, EOS, ELR, ENLR, and urinary cannabis were measured at baseline and after 4 weeks of cannabis cessation. Highest levels and increase of PNE (p = 0.02), ENLR levels (p = 0.031) and highest level of ELR (p = 0.03) were found in patients after cannabis cessation only in patients positive for T. gondii serology (Toxo+ group). At four weeks, significant interactions between cannabis and T. gondii status for EOS (p = 0.038), and for ENLR (p = 0.043) levels were found, as well as for the evolution between baseline and 4 weeks for ENLR level (p = 0.049). After cannabis cessation, we found a positive correlation between negative symptoms and EOS levels at 4 weeks in the Toxo+ group. This study shows that the increase of inflammation after cannabis cessation might be modulated by T. gondii seropositivity status in patients after cannabis cessation.
Codon and Reverse Codon: A Theoretical Approach to Reinterpret the Genetic Code Table

The genetic code table represents a fundamental scheme to translate a genetic code into a sequence of amino acids and, therefore, the possibility of operating the synthesis of all the proteins necessary for the life of organisms. Unfortunately, the various biological mechanisms are not fully clear. Hence, in this report, we analyzed the genetic code table and the amino acids codified by codons with an original theoretical and statistical approach based on the concept of permutations. We found an interesting reinterpretation of many codons, as reverse codons, which could help clarify some as-yet-unknown aspects in the field of protein folding.
UAV flight test and its endurance degradation modelling by considering the energy efficiency and flight stability factors

This study presents a novel method for UAV degradation modeling based on real-world flight data, emphasizing the introduced factors of flight energy efficiency and flight operating stability. The approach adopts a dual-modeling framework. Firstly, an LSTNet (Long Short-Term Memory Network) model interprets a vast time series dataset from flight logs, focusing on the individual rotator's instantaneous rotation speeds, to forecast a flight efficiency indicator in a many-to-one manner. This predicted efficiency marker, 'FE_KPCA', when combined with other metadata parameters, aids regression models in the estimation of the UAV's flight endurance for the second modelling objective. The experimental design for this study, which produced over 40 hours of manual flight data, serves as a notable contribution and foundation for our findings.
Diversificación de las estructuras familiares: caracterización de las convivencias en Chile

As part of the debate about different types of families in modern societies, this article aims to describe relationships through the analysis of survey data from Casen 2006, which is the latest and most comprehensive source that can inquire into this aspect at the national level. In general, in recent years it is possible to establish an increase of “premarital relations” at the expense of formal unions and an extension of such form of union in other social groups to the traditionally observed –impoverished sectors–. Furthermore, the research explores how socio-demographic variables (age, years of schooling, quintile, urban or rural area and activity status) affect the probability of establishing premarital relationships on a sex-differentiated way. Keywords : Family - modernity - premarital relations - logistic regression model.
Physiological responses of bread and durum wheat seeds to osmotic stress and salinity in the early germination stage

Determining the mechanisms underlying tolerance to osmotic stress and salinity during the germination period is an essential task in order to improve agricultural production in arid and semi-arid areas. In this work, the seeds of bread and durum wheat cultivars were treated with different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 and NaCl for 1 week, and half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of germination were calculated. The seeds were then exposed to IC50 values of NaCl and PEG-6000 for 2 days in order to assess their physiological and biochemical properties. Alpha and beta amylase enzyme activities, the reducing sugar, total sugar, proline, protein, and H2O2 contents, and DPPH radical scavenging activity of the seeds were determined by spectrophotometric methods. The results showed that the bread wheat seeds had a much higher tolerance to excess salt and osmotic stress than the durum wheat seeds. In particular, the average IC50 value of NaCl for the bread wheat cultivars was almost twice that for the durum wheat cultivars. The imbibition test revealed that the water uptake capacity of the seeds did not explain the difference in tolerance to these stress conditions. On the other hand, the bread wheat seeds exhibited constitutively higher proline, total sugar, and H2O2 contents as well as antioxidant capacity compared to the durum wheat seeds (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the current findings suggest that the interplay of oxidative metabolism and compatible solutes may contribute to improving germination tolerance under water deficit and salinity conditions in wheat.
Slope Stability Analysis of Longjiang River Large Bridge Based on 3-D Fast Lagrangian Method(FLAC3D)

The slope stability of Longjiang river bridge are analyzed with the three-dimensional fast lagrangian method and strength reduction theory.The calculation convergence is used as the instability criterion of slope and four different states,which are natural state,water-saturated state,natural state under seismic action and water-saturated stateunder seismic action,are considered during the analysis.The stability safety factor of each slope under different situations is obtained.Meanwhile,deformation areas and critical slip surface are got at the critical state.Therefore,the slope stability conditions of Longjiang river bridge at different states are reasonably assessed and rational suggestions are given for landslide control.
Single-Stage Immediate Breast Reconstruction with Acellular Dermal Matrix after Breast Cancer: Comparative Study and Evaluation of Breast Reconstruction Outcomes

Simple Summary Breast reconstruction is an important part of the treatment of breast cancer. In modern implant-based immediate breast reconstruction, it is common to use acellular dermal or synthetic meshes in combination with an implant. Here, we describe a prospective cohort study to report the use of a breast implant only versus an implant with a biological mesh in the immediate reconstruction. Breast reconstruction was performed after two types of therapeutic mastectomies (skin-sparing or nipple-sparing), in order to improve aesthetic results and patient wellbeing, and to decrease morbidities and surgical complications. We assessed the patient satisfaction with their breast reconstruction using the BREAST-Q questionnaire, that allows the measuring of the level of satisfaction with the professional, the achieved results and self-perception. We try to contribute in establishment of biological matrices use to achieve the best result in such a delicate moment which is mastectomy therapeutic decision. Abstract We evaluate postoperative complications, aesthetic results and satisfaction outcomes in patients with breast cancer after intervening with a skin-sparing or nipple-sparing mastectomy with an immediate prosthetic reconstruction with or without a biological mesh. Patients with multifocal breast cancer, ductal carcinoma in situ with an indication for a mastectomy and cT2 tumors with no response to primary systemic treatment were included, whereas patients aged >75 years, with inflammatory carcinoma, and severe circulatory disorders were excluded. Patients in the control group were reconstructed using a prosthesis, whereas the study group included patients reconstructed using a prosthesis and biological acellular porcine dermal mesh (Strattice™). In both groups, the result was assessed using the BREAST-Q instrument. A total of 51 patients (62 intervened breasts) were included in the study group and 38 patients (41 intervened breasts) in the control group. Implant loss and removal occurred in three patients in the study group (5.9%) and nine patients in the control group (24.3%; p = 0.030). Infections appeared in three patients in the study group (4.8%) and three patients in the control group (7.3%; p = 1.00). Skin necrosis appeared in 5 patients in the study group (12.2%) and 11 patients in the control group (21.6%; p = 0.367). Seroma appeared in five patients in the study group (12.2%) and five patients in the control group (8.1%; p = 0.514). The BREAST-Q questionnaire is a comparison between both groups regarding “satisfaction with breasts after surgery” (p = 0.026), “sexual well-being after intervention” (p = 0.010) and “satisfaction with the information received” (p = 0.049). We have noted a statistically significant decrease in implant loss in women receiving an implant with a biological mesh. A higher satisfaction was observed in patients reconstructed using Strattice™, with statistically significant differences in three items.
Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibody seroprevalence and risk factors among dogs treated at Public Veterinary Hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract Dogs can be infected by Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum, for which they function, respectively, as intermediate, and definitive hosts. In the present study seroprevalence against T. gondii and N. caninum antibodies, were determined by indirect fluorescent antibody test (cut off of 16 and 50, respectively), in dogs that were treated at public veterinary hospitals in the metropolitan region of São Paulo and risk factors were identified. Out of the 1,194 samples 125 (10.5%; 95% CI: 8.8-12.3%) were positive for T. gondii and 9 (0.75%, 95% CI: 0.34-1.4%) for N. caninum. For T. gondii, statistical differences were observed between the proportions of positive dogs and different zones of the municipality (p = 0.025), and age (p = 0.02), higher among older dogs. The keepers were invited to answer an epidemiological questionnaire to analyze risk factors, and 471 (39.4%) agreed to be interviewed, and among their dogs 65 (13.8%) were T. gondii seropositive. Age group above 8 years (OR = 3.63; 95% CI: 1.08-12.23) was a risk factor and having a defined breed (OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.25-0.96) was a protective factor for T. gondii infection. Because of the low number of dogs positive for N. caninum, risk factors for this coccidium were not determined.
Development And Impact Of Financial Technology (Fintech) On The Islamic Financial Industry Perumda BPR Majalengka

The purpose of this study was to examine how the development and impact of Fintech on the Islamic finance industry in Majalengka. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method and combines two types of research, namely field research and library research. Field research by collecting information from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) Majalengka, and from the Islamic Finance industry, namely Perumda BPR Majalengka. Along with the development of technology, the financial industry is also growing with the emergence of Fintech (financial technology). Fintech is one of the innovations in the financial sector that refers to modern technology. The development of Fintech so that Sharia-based Fintech appears and facilitates customers will certainly affect the formal Islamic finance industry such as Islamic Banks, Sharia BPRS, BMTs and other formal Islamic finance industries where transactions in the formal Islamic finance industry still use physical transactions. in transactions and have not made much use of technological advances that are growing. This will make the formal financial industry less effective because it costs more and takes more time. If the Islamic finance industry is not able to innovate and utilize technology, it will be left far behind by the Fintech-based financial industry which is developing very rapidly.
Freshwater ostracods (Crustacea) and environmental variability of polygon ponds in the tundra of the Indigirka Lowland, north-east Siberia

Freshwater ostracods (Crustacea, Ostracoda) are valuable biological indicators. In Arctic environments, their habitat conditions are barely known and the abundance and diversity of ostracods is documented only in scattered records with incomplete ecological characterization. To determine the taxonomic range of ostracod assemblages and their habitat conditions in polygon ponds in the Indigirka Lowland, north-east Siberia, we collected more than 100 living ostracod individuals per site with a plankton net (mesh size 65 µm) and an exhaustor system from 27 water bodies and studied them in the context of substrate and hydrochemical data. During the summer of 2011, a single pond site and its ostracod population was selected for special study. This first record of the ostracod fauna in the Indigirka Lowland comprises eight species and three additional taxa. Fabaeformiscandona krochini and F. groenlandica were documented for the first time in continental Siberia. Repeated sampling of a low-centre polygon pond yielded insights into the population dynamics of F. pedata. We identified air temperature and precipitation as the main external drivers of water temperatures, water levels, ion concentrations and water stable isotope composition on diurnal and seasonal scales.
Efficacy and safety of veliparib combined with traditional chemotherapy for treating patients with lung cancer: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis

Objective Lung cancer, originating from bronchial mucosa or lung glands, poses significant health risks due to its rising incidence and mortality. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Veliparib combined with chemotherapy versus pharmacotherapy alone for lung cancer treatment, guiding clinical approaches for this severe disease. Methods Comprehensive searches in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science were conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing Veliparib combined with standard chemotherapy to chemotherapy alone in lung cancer treatment, up until December 28, 2022. Two reviewers meticulously selected literature based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Cochrane tool was used to assess the bias risk of the included studies, and meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.0. Results Five RCTs (1,010 participants) were included. The analysis results showed that only Veliparib combinedwith chemotherapy prolonged the progression-free survival (PFS) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients [HR = 0.72, 95% CI = (0.57, 0.90)]. No significant differences were observed in overall survival (OS) and objective response rate (ORR). Veliparib and combined chemotherapy caused some side effects in patients with lung cancer, including leukopenia [RR = 2.12, 95% CI = (1.27, 3.55)], neutropenia [RR = 1.51, 95% CI = (1.01, 2.26)], anemia [RR = 1.71, 95% CI = (1.07, 3.07)], and thrombocytopenia [RR = 3.33, 95% CI = (1.19, 9.30)]. For non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, there were no statistically significant differences in PFS, OS, or ORR between the experimental and control groups [HR = 0.97, 95% CI = (0.75, 1.27)]. Conclusion The strategy of combining Veliparib with chemotherapy may, to some extent, prolong the PFS in lung cancer patients. However, this benefit is not observed in OS or ORR. Additionally, there are evident adverse reactions. Due to a limited number of the included studies, additional extensive multicenter RCTs are required to validate these results. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023411510.
Design of Electric Machine Windings to Independently Control Multiple Airgap Harmonics

Multiphase electric machines offer benefits of fault tolerance and reduced power electronic switch ratings per phase. These machines are also capable of independently controlling multiple airgap fields with differing number of pole-pairs (spatial harmonics). This presents opportunity to improve torque density, magnetically levitate the rotor, and wirelessly transfer power to excite the rotor of wound-field synchronous machines. Although these performance improvement techniques have been studied separately in literature, there exists no general winding design approach that targets independent control of multiple airgap fields. This paper presents a generalized technique to design multiphase electric machine windings that can control the magnitude and angular location of multiple airgap magnetic fields, each with a different desired number of pole-pairs. Design examples are provided, and the control of different airgap harmonics is experimentally validated in two different prototype machines. The results show that the generalized approach presented in this paper is applicable across different motor topologies (radial and axial flux) and winding configurations (concentrated and distributed), demonstrating its utility for a wide range of application scenarios that benefit from the control of multiple airgap fields.
The Archaeome’s Role in Colorectal Cancer: Unveiling the DPANN Group and Investigating Archaeal Functional Signatures

Background and Aims: Gut microbial imbalances are linked to colorectal cancer (CRC), but archaea’s role remains underexplored. Here, using previously published metagenomic data from different populations including Austria, Germany, Italy, Japan, China, and India, we performed bioinformatic and statistical analysis to identify archaeal taxonomic and functional signatures related to CRC. Methods: We analyzed published fecal metagenomic data from 390 subjects, comparing the archaeomes of CRC and healthy individuals. We conducted a biostatistical analysis to investigate the relationship between Candidatus Mancarchaeum acidiphilum (DPANN superphylum) and other archaeal species associated with CRC. Using the Prokka tool, we annotated the data focusing on archaeal genes, subsequently linking them to CRC and mapping them against UniprotKB and GO databases for specific archaeal gene functions. Results: Our analysis identified enrichment of methanogenic archaea in healthy subjects, with an exception for Methanobrevibacter smithii, which correlated with CRC. Notably, CRC showed a strong association with archaeal species, particularly Natrinema sp. J7-2, Ferroglobus placidus, and Candidatus Mancarchaeum acidiphilum. Furthermore, the DPANN archaeon exhibited a significant correlation with other CRC-associated archaea (p < 0.001). Functionally, we found a marked association between MvhB-type polyferredoxin and colorectal cancer. We also highlighted the association of archaeal proteins involved in the biosynthesis of leucine and the galactose metabolism process with the healthy phenotype. Conclusions: The archaeomes of CRC patients show identifiable alterations, including a decline in methanogens and an increase in Halobacteria species. MvhB-type polyferredoxin, linked with CRC and species like Candidatus Mancarchaeum acidiphilum, Natrinema sp. J7-2, and Ferroglobus placidus emerge as potential archaeal biomarkers. Archaeal proteins may also offer gut protection, underscoring archaea’s role in CRC dynamics.