Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
X-ray to infrared observations of the AM Herculis system E1405 - 451 (V834 Centauri)

The Exosat satellite observed E1405 - 451 in the X-ray band in March 1984 during a high state; and simultaneous UV, optical, and IR coverage was obtained with IUE and from ESO telescopes. The low-energy X-ray curve exhibits a minimum at phase zero which is similar to the optical one, with some indication of temperature modulation with orbital phase. On the contrary, the medium-energy X-ray curve exhibits a broad minimum at phase zero, and the column density varies with phase, which may account for the entire modulation of the intensity. 39 refs.
The HEAO 1 A-4 catalog of high-energy X-ray sources

Results are reported from an all-sky survey carried out at high X-ray energies (13-180 keV) from August 1977 until January 1979 using data obtained with the UCSD/MIT Hard X-Ray and Low-Energy Gamma-Ray Instrument on the HEAO 1 satellite. Visual displays are presented which indicate qualitatively the location, intensities, and time variability of the detected high-energy X-ray sources. A model-dependent procedure for the quantitative analysis of the sky survey data is described. The results of this procedure are presented in tabular form and include fitted count rates in four broad energy bands for about 70 sources. All sources which were detected at a level of statistical significance of not less than about 6 sigma were clearly evident in the visual displays of sky survey data. The survey is therefore complete, except in regions of source confusion, down to an intensity level of about 1/75 of the Crab Nebula in the 13-80 keV band. Forty-four sources were detected in the 40-80 keV energy band, and 14 were detected in the 80-180 keV band. Although most of the detected sources are galactic, seven are extragalactic.
Efficient Representation Learning for Higher-Order Data With Simplicial Complexes

Graph-based machine learning is experiencing explosive growth, driven by impressive recent developments and wide applicability. Typical approaches for graph representation learning predominantly focus on pairwise interactions, while neglecting the patterns of higher-order interactions common to complex systems. This paper explores many-body interaction models, centering on simplicial complexes. From a theoretical point of view, we offer a pair of insights illustrating why higher-order models are necessary, why non-graph-based models generally cannot generalize well, while graph-based models may be able to do so. We conduct experiments on synthetic data, co-citation networks, co-authorship networks and gene-disease associations and show that simplicial complexes with certain relaxations can more efficiently capture underlying higher-order structures than non-graph structure, regular graph, hypergraph, and traditional simplicial complex-based learning frameworks.
Late summer transition from a free-tropospheric to boundary layer source of Aitken mode aerosol in the high Arctic

Abstract. In the Arctic, the aerosol budget plays a particular role in determining the behaviour of clouds, which are important for the surface energy balance and thus for the region’s climate. A key question is the extent to which cloud condensation nuclei in the high Arctic summertime boundary layer are controlled by local emission and formation processes as opposed to transport from outside. Each of these sources is likely to respond differently to future changes in ice cover. Here we use a global model and observations from ship and aircraft field campaigns to understand the source of high Arctic aerosol in late summer. We find that particles formed remotely, i.e. at latitudes outside the Arctic, are the dominant source of boundary layer Aitken mode particles during the sea ice melt period up to the end of August. Particles from such remote sources, entrained into the boundary layer from the free troposphere, account for nucleation and Aitken mode particle concentrations that are otherwise underestimated by the model. This source from outside the high Arctic declines as photochemical rates decrease towards the end of summer and is largely replaced by local new particle formation driven by iodic acid created during freeze-up. Such a local source increases the simulated Aitken mode particle concentrations by 2 orders of magnitude during sea ice freeze-up and is consistent with strong fluctuations in nucleation mode concentrations that occur in September. Our results suggest a high-Arctic aerosol regime shift in late summer, and only after this shift do cloud condensation nuclei become sensitive to local aerosol processes.
Implementation of 1D convolutional neural network for improvement remote photoplethysmography measurement

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) for non-contact heart rate measurement has been widely developed and shows good development. However, motion artifact due to changes in illumination and subject movement is still the main problem. Especially when measurements are taken in real conditions. In these conditions, it will be vulnerable to rPPG signal readings with poor signal quality. So, in this paper, it is proposed to classify the signal quality using one dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN). The classification is carried out based on the extraction of the temporal features of the rPPG signal that has been obtained from the plane orthogonal to skin algorithm and the magnitude of the subject's movement when measured. The classification results are entered into a compensated network if the signal obtained shows moderate quality. The compensated network will provide a more accurate estimate of hr value. The test was carried out using a dataset of 10 subjects, each measured with 3 different types of illumination. In the experiments conducted, the system's performance showed an improvement compared to the POS algorithm alone. The experiment found that the mean absolute error measurement was 2.78, and the mean error was relative at 3.67%.
Singularities within the workspace of spatial parallel mechanisms with symmetric structures

Abstract This article addresses the symmetry similarities between the singularity distributions within the reachable workspaces of spatial parallel mechanisms and the mechanism structures. The symmetry similarities between the workspace and the mechanism architecture are also fit for interpreting the relationship between the singularities within the workspace and the architecture. Further, this research reveals that the symmetry group of the workspace must be a subgroup of the symmetry group of the distribution of singularities within the reachable workspace, which is rigorously proved in theory. Mechanism examples also demonstrate these similarities of symmetries between the singularities, the reachable workspace, and the mechanism structure. The novelty of this work in engineering applications is that the searching range for the singularities in the reachable workspace can be reduced greatly.
New binary quantum stabilizer codes from the binary extremal self-dual [ 48 , 24 , 12 ] code

This paper is devoted to constructing binary quantum stabilizer codes based on the binary extremal self-dual code of parameters [ 48 , 24 , 12 ] by Steane’s construction. First, we provide an explicit generator matrix for the unique self-dual [ 48 , 24 , 12 ] code to see it as a one-generator quasi-cyclic one and obtain six optimal self-orthogonal codes of parameters [ 48 − t , 24 − t , 12 ] for 1 ≤ t ≤ 6 with dual distances from 11 to 7 by puncturing the [ 48 , 24 , 12 ] code. Second, a special type of subcode structures for self-orthogonal codes is investigated, and then ten derived dual chains are designed. Third, twelve binary quantum codes are constructed from these derived dual pairs within dual chains using Steane’s construction. Ten of them, [[ 42 , 10 , 8 ]] , [[ 44 , 11 , 8 ]] , [[ 45 , 10 , 8 ]] , [[ 45 , 8 , 9 ]] , [[ 46 , 12 , 8 ]] , [[ 46 , 9 , 9 ]] , [[ 46 , 5 , 10 ]] , [[ 48 , 13 , 8 ]] , [[ 48 , 9 , 9 ]] , and [[ 48 , 4 , 11 ]] , achieve as good parameters as the best known ones with comparable lengths and dimensions. Two other codes of parameters [[ 47 , 4 , 11 ]] and [[ 48 , 3 , 12 ]] are record breaking in the sense that they improve on the best known ones with the same lengths and dimensions in terms of distance.
Tighter monogamy and polygamy relations using Rényi- ˛ entropy

WeinvestigatemonogamyrelationsrelatedtotheRényi- α entanglementandpolygamy relations related to the Rényi- α entanglement of assistance. We present new entanglement monogamy relations satisﬁed by the μ th power of Rényi- α entanglement with α ∈ [ ( √ 7 − 1 )/ 2 , ( √ 13 − 1 )/ 2 ] for μ ≥ 2, and polygamy relations satisﬁed by the μ th power of Rényi- α entanglement of assistance with α ∈ [ ( √ 7 − 1 )/ 2 , ( √ 13 − 1 )/ 2 ] for 0 ≤ μ ≤ 1. These relations are shown to be tighter than the existing ones.
Parallel Variational Bayes for Large Datasets With an Application to Generalized Linear Mixed Models

The article develops a hybrid variational Bayes (VB) algorithm that combines the mean-field and stochastic linear regression fixed-form VB methods. The new estimation algorithm can be used to approximate any posterior without relying on conjugate priors. We propose a divide and recombine strategy for the analysis of large datasets, which partitions a large dataset into smaller subsets and then combines the variational distributions that have been learned in parallel on each separate subset using the hybrid VB algorithm. We also describe an efficient model selection strategy using cross-validation, which is straightforward to implement as a by-product of the parallel run. The proposed method is applied to fitting generalized linear mixed models. The computational efficiency of the parallel and hybrid VB algorithm is demonstrated on several simulated and real datasets. Supplementary material for this article is available online.
Analytical Solutions of the SCHRÖDINGER Equation with the Woods-Saxon Potential for Arbitrary l State

In this work, the analytical solution of the radial Schrodinger equation for the Woods–Saxon potential is presented. In our calculations, we have applied the Nikiforov–Uvarov method by using the Pekeris approximation to the centrifugal potential for arbitrary l states. The bound state energy eigenvalues and corresponding eigenfunctions are obtained for various values of n and l quantum numbers.
Applying time-dependent data for fluorescence tomography

Can time-resolved, high-resolution data as acquired by an intensified gated CCD camera (ICCD) aid in the tomographic reconstruction of fluorescence concentration? Usually it is argued that fluorescence is a linear process and thus does not require non-linear, time-dependent reconstructions algorithms, unless absorption and scattering coefficients need to be determined as well. Furthermore, the acquisition of a number of time frames is usually prohibitive for fluorescence measurements, at least in small animals, due to the increased total measurement time. On the other hand, it is obvious that diffusion is less pronounced in images at early gates, due to selective imaging of photons of lower scatter order. This will be the case also for photons emitted by fluorescent sources. Early-gated imaging might increase the contrast in acquired images and could possibly improve fluorescence localization. Herein, we present early gated fluorescence images obtained from phantoms and compare them to continuously acquired data. Increased contrast between background and signal maximum can be observed in time-gated images as compared to continuous data. To make use of the properties exhibited by early gated frames, it is necessary to use a modified reconstruction algorithm. We propose a variant of the well-known Born approximation to the diffusion equation that allows to take into account single time frames. The system matrix for the time-dependent Born approach is more complex to calculate, however the complexity of the actual inverse problem (and the acquisition times) of single-frame reconstructions remains the same as compared to continuous mode.
Instability of spatially quasi-periodic states of the Ginzburg-Landau equation

The Ginzburg-Landau (GL) equation with real coefficients is a model equation appearing in superconductor physics and near-critical hydrodynamic stability problems. The stationary GL equation has a two-parameter (I1, I2) family of spatially quasi-periodic (QP) states with frequencies (ω1, ω2) and frequency map with determinant ∆K = ∂(ω1, ω2) / ∂(I1, I2). In this paper the linear stability of these QP states is studied and an expression for the stability exponent is obtained which has a novel geometric interpretation in terms of ∆K: when ∆K < 0 the spatially QP state is unstable and ∆K > 0 is a necessary but not sufficient condition for linear stability. There is an interesting relation between ∆K and the KAM persistence theorem for invariant toroids.
Testing the Retrieval of Inner Disk Water Enrichment with Spitzer/IRS and JWST/MIRI

Planet formation by pebble accretion requires an efficient inward flux of icy pebbles to explain the many mini-Neptunes and super-Earths discovered by Kepler within 1 au. Recently, hints of large-scale pebble migration have been found in the anticorrelation between the line ratio of water-to-other volatiles detected in medium-resolution (R ∼ 700) Spitzer/IRS spectra and the dust disk radius measured at millimeter wavelengths with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. Here, we select three disks in Taurus that span the range of measured line flux ratios (a factor of ∼5) and dust disk radii (1 order of magnitude) and model their Spitzer/IRS spectra assuming gas in local thermodynamic equilibrium to retrieve the water column density in their inner disks. We find that, at the Spitzer/IRS resolution and sensitivity, large uncertainties in the retrieved column densities preclude resolving the expected difference of a factor of ∼5 in water abundance. Next, we simulate higher-resolution (∼3000) JWST/MIRI spectra at the signal-to-noise ratio of ∼100, which will be obtained via the Guaranteed Time and General Observation programs and apply the same retrieval approach used with Spitzer/IRS spectra. We show that the improved resolution and sensitivity of JWST/MIRI significantly reduce the uncertainties in the retrieved water column densities and will enable quantifying the difference in the inner water column of small versus large dust disks.
PV-based hybrid residential microgrid with hydrogen and battery energy storage options: a Northern Italy case study

Residential microgrids based on renewable energy sources (RES) are promising solutions for the ongoing energy transition but, at the same time, must also cope with the intermittency of the energy source and the limited energy storage capacity. To overcome such problems, RES-based microgrids usually rely on backup powering systems, such as a stable connection to the main grid or the presence of emergency electricity generators. In order to significantly increase the autonomy of the microgrid and limit the presence of backup solutions, an additional energy storage system based on hydrogen is proposed here, which complements the more classical option of energy storage in batteries. The microgrid under investigation is composed by a PV system, a lithium-ion battery for short term energy storage, and a hydrogen-based storage system composed of a PEM electrolyzer, a pressurized hydrogen tank and a low temperature PEM fuel cell stack. The system is managed by a control system which balances at each time the energy demand with the energy produced from different sources. Results reflect the role of hydrogen as efficient long-term storage option, while the battery fulfills short-terms storage needs. With properly sized components, the microgrid turns out to be fully autonomous during one year and can therefore work also in off-grid mode. The impact of an improved energy management approach is also highlighted, which may lead to increased hydrogen production and higher level of autonomy of the microgrid.
Geometric effects on the inelastic deformation of metal nanowires

This letter addresses the direct effect that geometry has in controlling the mechanisms of inelastic deformation in metal nanowires. By performing atomistic simulations of the tensile deformation of ⟨100⟩∕{100} hollow copper nanowires (nanoboxes), the authors find that the nanoboxes deform in an unexpected twinning-dominated mode; the nonsquare wall geometries of the nanoboxes bias the deformation by allowing the larger transverse {100} surfaces to reduce their area through twinning by reorienting to a lower energy {111} surface. Additional analyses on solid nanowires with nonsquare cross sections confirm that geometry can be utilized to engineer the mechanical behavior and properties of nanomaterials.
Spectral probing of an extremely compressed femtosecond wave packet in calcium fluoride

We use time-resolved spectral probing to study the dynamics of transformation of the optical properties of a nonlinear medium during formation and propagation of an extremely compressed mid-IR femtosecond wave packet in calcium fluoride. Broadening, attenuation and distortion of the probe pulse spectrum have been experimentally observed varying the delay time of the probe pulse relative to the pump. By solving the unidirectional pulse propagation equation that describes propagation and filamentation of a pump pulse in a calcium fluoride crystal we determine temporal changes of the refractive index and absorption coefficient induced by an extremely compressed wave packet. A mechanism of the observed broadening and breakup of the probe pulse spectrum is proposed.
FDM Based Custom 3D Printer Development in Robotic Arm Mechanical Prototype Printing

3D printing is one of the most important tools of Industry 4.0. 3D printing technology has an advantage over traditional manufacturing processes, as it has the ability to convert 3D designs/models into ready-to-use products. The world of education needs to continue to adapt to technological developments. Making a mechanical prototype of a robotic arm is one of the main things to do to develop learning media in an educational environment. The mechanical prototype of the robotic arm can be made using 3D printing, so it will provide real implementation for education. The purpose of this study is to develop a custom 3D Printer learning media which is expected to facilitate the installation process and development of a mechanical prototype of a robotic arm as a form of implementation in the Mechatronics Engineering Education Study Program, FT UNY. This research was carried out based on the ADDIE model, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. The results of this study are a custom 3D printer based on FDM, both Cartesian and CoreXY types that can be used in learning in the Mechatronic Engineering Education Study Program. The test results show the average value of the measurement error of printing results is less than 2% so that it can be used in the learning process and supports the selected learning content. 3D printers can print robotic arm mechanical components with good results and low tolerances for printing precision.
ON THE DERIVATION OF BOUNDARY INTEGRAL EQUATIONS FOR SCATTERING BY AN INFINITE ONE-DIMENSIONAL ROUGH SURFACE

A crucial ingredient in the formulation of boundary-value problems for acoustic scattering of time-harmonic waves is the radiation condition. This is well understood when the scatterer is a bounded obstacle. For plane-wave scattering by an infinite, rough, impenetrable surface S, the physics of the problem suggests that all scattered waves must travel away from (or along) the surface. This condition is used, together with Green’s theorem and the free-space Green’s function, to derive boundary integral equations over S. This requires careful consideration of certain integrals over a large semicircle of radius r; it is known that these integrals vanish as r→∞ if the scattered field satisfies the Sommerfeld radiation condition, but that is not the case here—reflected plane waves must be present. The integral equations obtained are Helmholtz integral equations; they must be modified for grazing incident waves. As such integral equations are often claimed to be exact, and are often used to generate benchmark n.
Effect of Dark Matter Distribution on Scalaron Gravity near the Galactic Center Black Hole and Its Prospects

In this paper, we report the effect of exponential and power-law dark matter density profiles near the Galactic Center black hole on the relative scalaron field amplitude , ψ 0/ϕ (ϕ being Newtonian potential and ψ 0 being the scalaron field amplitude), of f(R) gravity theory. Constraints on the density profiles derived earlier on the basis of orbital motion of the S-2 star are used in conjunction with scalarons having a mass range 10−22–10−16 eV to investigate the dependency of screening or unscreening of modified gravity on the dark matter density through the condition that the rate of pericenter shift due to dark matter is equal to that due to scalaron gravity + general relativistic effects. The semimajor axes are chosen as a = 45 au, 100 au, and 1000 au. It is found that scalarons get screened for extremely low and extremely high mass. This is found to be independent of the black hole spin in the range (χ = 0.1–0.9). For wider orbits scalarons of almost all the masses tend to remain unscreened for the dark matter profiles. It has been found that low dark matter density has a natural tendency to unscreen the scalaron gravity with extremely small coupling strength. We remap screened gravity in the available observational constraints on the scale of modified gravity near the black hole. Astrophysical prospects are presented.
A comparison between new European technical standards and dynamic simulation tools for chiller modelling

In the last years, new technical standards for the assessment of the energy efficiency of technical building systems were developed by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). These procedures were conceived as to combine the easiness of the calculation methodologies and their related assumptions with a sufficient level of accuracy. While the former objective is often achieved, the latter is a challenging task as the procedures sometimes fail to simulate in a proper way the actual performance of the technical systems. On the other hand, the detailed procedures applied by detailed dynamic energy simulation tools are more precise and complex; however, for their application, they need a wide range of input data that are often hard to collect. For this reason, simplified procedures are now commonly applied, above all in the case of existing buildings. Nevertheless, these procedures need to be deeply analysed and validated. In this paper, the main standard calculation procedures addressed to chillers and specified in EN 16798-13:2017 were analysed, with a focus on the required input data and the calculation procedures. The same approach was then applied to the more detailed calculation methods used in the dynamic tools EnergyPlus and TRNSYS, and the results were compared. The theoretical analysis was then followed by a case study approach. A reference office building, representative of the Italian building stock, was selected and analysed in two different Italian climatic zones. The determination of the thermal energy need for cooling was performed by means of EnergyPlus, while the assessment of the energy demand related to technical building systems was performed both with EnergyPlus and with the standard procedures. This paper is part of a wider research activity finalised to the analysis of the technical building systems calculation procedures, taking into account different generation systems and thermal coupling modes between the technical systems and the building itself.