Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS AND MORPHOMETRIC CONVERSION FACTORS BETWEEN WEIGHTS FOR THE BLUE SHARK (PRIONACE GLAUCA) AND SHORTFIN MAKO (ISURUS OXYRINCHUS) CAUGHT BY THE SPANISH SURFACE LONGLINE FLEET IN THE ATLANTIC OCEAN

SUMMARY Length-weight relationships and conversion factors between different weight types are presented for the blue shark (Prionace glauca) and shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) which are the two of the most prevalent by-catch species in the surface longline fleets. The conversion factors RW-GW and RW-DW obtained for blue shark range, respectively, from 1.1946-1.2219 and 2.4074-2.5052 and from 1.15251.1577 and 1.4369-1.4575 for shortfin mako. Linear equations for conversion between different weight types are also presented for both species. The predicted weights from length-weight relationships obtained using nonlinear modeling do not differ from some of the previous length-weight relationships reported by other authors for both species. RESUME Les relations longueur-poids et les coefficients de conversion entre differents types de poids sont presentes pour le requin peau bleue (Prionace glauca) et le requin taupe bleue (Isurus oxyrinchus) qui sont les especes accessoires dominantes des flottilles palangrieres de surface. Les coefficients de conversion RW-GW et RW-DW obtenus pour le requin peau bleue s’inscrivent, respectivement, dans la gamme de 1,1946-1,2219 et 2,4074-2,5052 et entre 1,1525-1,1577 et 1,4369-1,4575 pour le requin taupe bleue. Des equations lineaires pour la conversion entre les differents types de poids sont egalement presentees pour ces deux especes. Les poids predits a partir des relations longueur-poids obtenues a l’aide de modeles non-lineaires ne different pas de certaines relations longueur-poids anterieures declarees par d’autres auteurs pour ces deux especes. RESUMEN Se presentan relaciones talla-peso y relaciones de conversion entre diferentes tipos de peso para las especies tiburon azul (Prionace glauca) y marrajo dientuso (Isurus oxyrinchus) las cuales son especies de las mas prevalentes como captura incidental en las flotas de palangre de superficie. Los factores de conversion RW-GW y RW-DW para el tiburon azul estarian respectivamente dentro de estrechos rangos 1.1946-1.2219 y 2.4074-2.5052 y entre 1.1525-1.1577 y 1.4369-1.4575 para el marrajo dientuso. Las diferentes ecuaciones de conversion entre diferentes tipos de peso son tambien suministradas para ambas especies. Las predicciones de peso a partir de las relaciones talla-pes, obtenidas usando ajustes no lineales, no difieren de las previamente descritas por otros autores para ambas especies.
Fold Catastrophe Model of Slope Destabilization and Its Starting Velocity

Mass shear deformation energy was accumulated in slope before sliding,and the part of shear deformation energy which was more than the energy needed to make sliding bond bursts and then interpenetrates would turn into kinetic energy of sliding body with acute starting and elastic impulse.By considering the sliding body as deformable body,the shear deformation energy of simplified model was calculated when it's on the act of gravity.Taking into account the thickness of the sliding body,the fold catastrophe model of slope destabilization was built to analyze the starting mode of the sliding body.The result study indicates that the sliding body occurs in acute landslide when shear stiffness of the sliding body is smaller than the stiffness |Q′(ut)| which locked segment rock of sliding bond has on the inflection point of softening curve of shearing force,i.e.stiffness ratio of system K=k-Q′(ut)1.The expression between kinetic energy of elastic impulse is given,and on this basis the obtained relations of elastic impulse velocity and acceleration of the sliding body indicate that the elastic impulse effect is inversely proportional to the scale of the sliding body.A calculation example of the starting velocity for acute landslide is given.It is proved that the releasing amount of shear deformation energy of the sliding body can be expressed by geometrical figure of catastrophe model by using Green formula.The built catastrophe model can be used to describe slow landslide when system parameters are changed to make stiffness ratio of system K=k-Q′(ut)≥1.
Facetted Search on Extracted Fusion Tables Data for Digital Cities

Digital cities of the future should provide digital information about points-of-interest (POIs) for virtually any user context. Starting from several Google Fusion tables about city POIs, we extracted and transferred useful POI data to RDF to be accessible by SPARQL re- quests. In this initial application context, we concentrated on museum and restaurant resources as the result of a precision-oriented informa- tion extraction part. With the current application system we are able to retrieve, lter, and order digital cities POI data in multiple ways. With the help of facets, a user can browse the museums and restaurants; he or she can also lter the relevant objects according to available meta- data criteria such as city, country, and POI categories. Dierent views allow us to visualize the objects of interest as tables, thumbnails, or POIs on an interactive map. In addition, if complementary information from Dbpedia about museum and restaurant records from the cities they are located in is available, this information can be retrieved and displayed at query time.
Reverse-Engineering Country Risk Ratings : A Combinatorial Non-Recursive Model

The central objective of this paper is to develop a transparent, consistent, selfcontained, and stable country risk rating model, closely approximating the country risk ratings provided by Standard and Poor’s (S&P). The model should be non-recursive, i.e., it should not rely on the previous years’ S&P ratings. The set of variables selected here includes not only economic-financial but also political variables. We propose a new model based on the novel combinatorial-logical technique of Logical Analysis of Data (which derives a new rating system only from the qualitative information representing pairwise comparisons of country riskiness). We also develop a method allowing to derive a rating system that has any desired level of granularity. The accuracy of the proposed model’s predictions, measured by its correlation coefficients with the S&P ratings, and confirmed by k-folding cross-validation, exceeds 95%. The stability of the constructed non-recursive model is shown in three ways: by the correlation of the predictions with those of other agencies (Moody’s and The Institutional Investor), by predicting 1999 ratings using the non-recursive model derived from the 1998 dataset applied to the 1999 data, and by successfully predicting the ratings of several previously non-rated countries. This study provides new insights on the importance of variables by supporting the necessity of including in the analysis, in addition to economic variables, also political variables (in particular “political stability”), and by identifying “financial depth and efficiency” as a new critical factor in assessing country risk.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher's location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Abstract At its most fundamental level the goal of genetics is to connect genotype to phenotype. This question is asked at a basic level evaluating the role of genes and pathways in genetic model organism. Increasingly, this question is being asked in the clinic. Genomes of individuals and populations are being sequenced and compared. The challenge often comes at the stage of analysis. The variant positions are analyzed with the hope of understanding human disease. However after a genome or exome has been sequenced, the researcher is often deluged with hundreds of potentially relevant variations. Traditionally, amino-acid changing mutations were considered the tractable class of disease-causing mutations; however, mutations that disrupt noncoding elements are the subject of growing interest. These noncoding changes are a major avenue of disease (e.g., one in three hereditary disease alleles are predicted to affect splicing). Here, we review some current practices of medical 228 genetics, the basic theory behind biochemical binding and functional assays, and then explore technical advances in …
Fusion of Ascending and Descending Pass SAR Intensity and Coherence Images for Mapping Volcanic Deposits

Abstract The advancement of satellite remote sensing has offered greater potential for mapping volcanic deposits. Although the development of weather‐independent microwave remote sensing has made the frequent detection over large area detection of deposits using SAR intensity image is sometimes hindered by ambiguities and noise. The ambiguities occur in volcanic deposit areas covered by young vegetation and that give either high or low backscatter depending upon their orientation. For this reason coherent images were integrated with SAR intensity images to extract more reliable information about volcanic deposited area. Besides, the layover areas due to the viewing geometry of SAR make difficulties to map the volcanic deposits on every side of the mountain. To avoid the influence of layover effects fusion techniques of ascending and descending pass SAR intensity and coherent images were developed. Using the fused images with an optical image, a color composite was developed to identify the areas affected by an eruption. In this color composite, especially vegetation damages can be easily identified.
Estimated errors in retrievals of ocean parameters from SSMIS

Measurements made by microwave imaging radiometers can be used to retrieve several environmental parameters over the world's oceans. In this work, we calculate the uncertainty in retrievals obtained from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder (SSMIS) instrument caused by uncertainty in the input parameters to the retrieval algorithm. This work applies to the version 7 retrievals of surface wind speed, total column water vapor, total column cloud liquid water, and rain rate produced by Remote Sensing Systems. Our numerical approach allows us to calculate an estimated input‐induced uncertainty for every valid retrieval during the SSMIS mission. Our uncertainty estimates are consistent with the differences observed between SSMIS wind speed and vapor measurements made by SSMIS on the F16 and F17 satellites, supporting their accuracy. The estimates do not explain the larger differences between the SSMIS measurements of wind speed and vapor and other sources of these data, consistent with the influence of more sources of uncertainty.
Pesticide Use and Pest Management Practices for Major Crops in North Dakota - 2000

ER-79. This report summarizes the information on pesticide use as reported by the farmers surveyed. The data do not imply endorsement of any particular product or practice. Also, some responses may have misreported use of pesticides due to similar sounding chemical or trade names. In some cases, pesticides are approved for use before planting or after harvest, but not to a crop. The mention of an unregistered pesticide applied to a crop does not imply applications are legal or advocated by the authors. It is of the utmost importance that pesticide users READ, UNDERSTAND, and FOLLOW all label directions and precautions.
The Influence of Cloud Microphysics and Radiation on the Response of Water Vapor and Clouds to Climate Change

Uncertainties in representing the atmospheric water cycle are major obstacles to the accurate prediction of future climate. This project focused on addressing some of these uncertainties by implementing new physics for convection and radiation into the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM). To better understand and eventually better represent these processes in this major national climate model, we modified CAM3.5 to use the convection and cloud schemes developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the RRTMG rapid radiation code for global climate models developed by Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc. (AER). The impact of the new physics on the CAM3.5 simulation of convection on diurnal and intra-seasonal scales, on intra-seasonal oscillations and on the distribution of water vapor has been investigated. In addition, the MIT and AER physics packages have been incorporated and tested in combination within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional forecast model for the purpose of evaluating and improving convective and radiative processes on time scales appropriate to weather simulations. It has been found that the application of the AER radiation and MIT convection produces significant improvements in the modeled diurnal cycle of convection, especially over land, in the NCAR climate model. However, both themore » standard CAM3.5 and the modified CAM3.5 with the new physics are unable to capture the proper spectrum and propagating characteristics of dynamical intra-seasonal oscillations such as the Madden-Julian Oscillation. In addition, it has been shown that the new physics methods modify, but do not substantially improve, the distribution of upper tropospheric water vapor in CAM as established through the comparison of modeled and observed satellite radiances. This suggests that continuing regional discrepancies in water vapor amounts in the climate model may not be solely related to convective or radiative processes. The major results of this project have been described in more detail in a journal article titled The Impacts of AER Radiation and MIT Convection on the Water Cycle Simulated by CAM3.5 that will be submitted for publication during Fall 2010. « less
Social Network Analysis: A Complementary Method of Discovery for the History of Economics

In this chapter, we discuss social network analysis as a method for the history of economics. We argue that social network analysis is not primarily a method of data representation but foremost a method of discovery and confirmation. It is as such a promising method that should be added to the toolbox of the historian of economics. We furthermore argue that, to be meaningfully applied in history, social network analysis must be complemented with historical knowledge gained by other means and often by more traditional, mostly qualitative, methods. It should therefore be viewed as a method that complements rather than replaces more established approaches in the history of economics.
Antiandrogens and androgen depleting therapies in prostate cancer: novel agents for an established target

Summary Activation of the androgen receptor is critical for prostate cancer growth at all points in the illness. Currently therapies targeting the androgen receptor, including androgen depletion approaches and antiandrogens, do not completely inhibit androgen receptor activity. Prostate cancer cells develop resistance to castration by acquiring changes such as AR overexpression that result in reactivation of the receptor. Based on understanding of these resistance mechanisms and androgen synthesis pathways, novel antiandrogens and androgen depleting agents have been tested. Notably, MDV3100, a novel antiandrogen designed for activity in prostate cancer model systems with overexpressed AR and, abiraterone acetate, a 17- α -hydroxylase/17,20 lyase inhibitor that blocks steroid biosynthesis in the adrenal gland and in the tumor, have demonstrated significant activity in early phase trials and are being tested in the phase III setting. dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (26). These data indicate that currently available antiandrogens
Estimating the wreckage location of the Rio-Paris AF447

During the night of June 1 2009, the A330 Airbus plane (registered F-GZCP) on the AF447 flight from Rio de Janeiro to Paris met significant turbulent atmospheric activity associated with the Intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) near 3°N, 30°30’W. The plane last known position (LKP), 2°58.8’N 30°35.4’W, was transmitted at 2h10 UTC 1 on June 1 2009 by the Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS).
Aalborg Universitet Modeling and Experimental Validation of an Islanded No-Inertia Microgrid Site

The paper proposes a simple but effective model for no-inertia microgrids suitable to represent the instantaneous values of its meaningful electric variables, becoming a useful platform to test innovative control logics and energy management systems. The proposed model is validated against a more detailed microgrid representation implemented in the electromagnetic simulator PSCAD-EMTDC and then against experimental data collected on the University of Genoa test bed facility. Recorded data highlight a good trade-off in matching the results of the proposed model, confirming its suitability to be used for the preliminary testing of new control logics for islanded microgrids. Index Terms — Smart grids, Power system modelling, Islanding, Microgrids, System validation
Stress orientations from borehole wall fractures with examples from Colorado, east Texas, and northern Canada

Azimuthally aligned breakouts in oil wells are explained as shear fractures in the zone of amplified stress difference near the borehole, in a stress field having unequal horizontal principal stresses. Brittle fracture theory, on the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion, shows that the fractures will propagate from the wall and cause wide spalled zones observable with the four-arm dipmeter. In homogeneous rock, breakouts formed in this way should lengthen the diameter by no more than 8–10%. The breakouts occur near the ends of the diameter parallel to the smaller horizontal stress. Tensile fractures may occur in the orthogonal azimuth, but are unlikely to be seen by the four-arm dipmeter calipers.Three examples are given of principal stress orientations inferred from borehole breakouts. At Rangely, Colorado, breakout azimuths suggest an approximately east–west principal compression in agreement with results obtained previously from direct stress measurements, hydrofracture, and earthquake mechanism analysis. In.
RTEF-1 Attenuates Blood Glucose Levels by Regulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 in the Endothelium

T he endothelium is a complex organ with a multitude of properties essential for controlling vascular functions. Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. Sustained hyperglycemia in metabolic syndrome causes alterations in a large number of transcription factors and mRNA transcripts, which ultimately leads to tissue damage. However, transcription factors involved in glucose homeostasis in response to insulin stimulation in the endothelium have not been fully studied. Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that related tran-scriptional enhancer factor-1 (RTEF-1, also known as TEF-3 or TEAD4) plays an important role in endothelial cells via regulation of angiogenesis.
Identifying the Unique Challenges Facing Kanaka Maoli Küpuna Residing Outside of Hawai'i

Na kupuna, Native Hawaiian elders, are recognized as major sources of wisdom and knowledge in the Native Hawaiian community. Yet, due to many factors, including Western acculturation and historical trauma, na kupuna suffer serious health and social disparities. Although over 36% of na kupuna reside outside of Hawai‘i, almost no data are available on their well-being. Kupuna, caretakers, and key informants in Hawai‘i and Los Angeles were interviewed, and the Census 2000 and 2010 Public Use Microdata Samples were analyzed to determine the particular challenges facing kupuna outside of Hawai‘i. Kupuna in the continental United States had a better socioeconomic status than those in Hawai‘i, but they had much less access to cultural activities and less family support. Several communities in the continental US have formed cultural and civic groups to provide this support.
ENVISAT ASAR: A SPEED-GUN IN SPACE

Regular access to Doppler shift measurements from Envisat Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) Wide Swath Mode (WSM) images is now possible. An increasing data set of the radar-detected ocean surface roughness velocities inverted from the Doppler shifts has therefore emerged dating back to mid 2007. This offers an innovative capability to establish time series and gridded maps of Doppler-derived ocean surface velocities. Building on more than 1000 acquisitions from the greater Agulhas Current, the robust results give confidence that the Envisat ASAR can be used as a speed-gun from space. Combined with surface drifter data and altimeter measurements, these new products strengthen the routine monitoring of the intense current regimes.
Discontinuity preserving in TV-L1 optical flow methods

We analyze the discontinuity preserving problem in TV-L optical flow methods. This type of methods typically creates rounded effects at flow boundaries, which usually do not coincide with object contours. A simple strategy to overcome this problem consists in inhibiting the diffusion at high image gradients. In this work, we first introduce a general framework for TV regularizers in optical flow and relate it with some standard approaches. Our survey takes into account several methods that use decreasing functions for mitigating the diffusion at image contours. Consequently, this kind of strategies may produce instabilities in the estimation of the optical flows. Hence, we study the problem of instabilities and show that it actually arises from an ill-posed formulation. From this study, it is possible to come across with different schemes to solve this problem. One of these consists in separating the pure TV process from the mitigating strategy. This has been used in another work and we demonstrate here that it has a good performance. Furthermore, we propose two alternatives to avoid the instability problems: (i) we study a fully automatic approach that solves the problem based on the information of the whole image; (ii) we derive a semi-automatic approach that takes into account the image gradients in a close neighborhood adapting the parameter in each position. In the experimental results, we present a detailed study and comparison between the different alternatives. These methods provide very good results, especially for sequences with a few dominant gradients. Additionally, a surprising effect of these approaches is that they can cope with occlusions. This can be easily achieved by using strong regularizations and high penalizations at image contours.