Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An efficient robotic-assisted bolt-ball joint looseness monitoring approach using CBAM-enhanced lightweight ResNet

Bolt-ball joints are widely used in space structures, and their looseness may lead to major safety accidents. The current bolt monitoring methods based on deep learning usually have high computational complexity, and it is difficult to guarantee its computational efficiency under practical scenario. To mitigate this problem, here in this paper, an efficient robotic-assisted bolt-ball joint looseness monitoring approach using convolutional block attention module (CBAM)-enhanced lightweight ResNet is proposed. Firstly, the robotic-assisted tapping method is applied to bolt-ball joints to generate audio signals, which are constructed into time-frequency maps by continuous wavelet transform. Secondly, the original ResNet is improved as a lightweight network, which successfully reduces model complexity, and employs time-frequency maps as input. Then, CBAM is introduced to capture global information and focus on the critical feature. Thus, the efficiency of feature extraction is significantly improved. Finally, by the overall optimized structure, a CBAM-enhanced lightweight ResNet model is established to monitor the bolt-ball joints looseness state accurately. Experimental results demonstrate the high efficiency while maintaining very lightweight structure of the proposed method, verifying the effectiveness and superiority of the robot-assisted approach using CBAM-enhanced lightweight ResNet over other methods.
Understanding Learning Engagement with User-Centered Human-Computer Interaction in a Multimodal Online Learning Environment

Multimodal online learning environment improves learning experience through different modalities such as visual, auditory, and kinesthetic interactions. Multimodal learning analytics (MMLA) with multiple biosensors provides a way to overcome the challenge of analyzing the multiple interaction types simultaneously. Galvanic skin response/electrodermal activity (GSR/EDA), eye tracking and facial expression were used to measure the learning interaction in a multimodal online learning environment. iMotions and R software were used to post-process and analyze the time-synchronized biosensor data. GSR/EDA, eye tracking and facial expression showed real-time cognitive, emotional, and visual learning engagement for each interaction type. There is a tremendous potential for using MMLA with multiple biosensors to understand learning engagement in a multimodal online learning environment was shown in this study.
Using QuickBird imagery to detect cover and spread of post-fire straw mulch after the 2006 Tripod Fire, Washington, USA

Agricultural straw mulch is a commonly applied treatment for protecting resources at risk from runoff and erosion events after wildfires. High-resolution QuickBird satellite imagery was acquired after straw mulch was applied on the 2006 Tripod Fire in Washington. We tested whether the imagery was suitable for remotely assessing the areal coverage of the straw mulch treatment. Straw mulch was easily identified in the imagery because of the distinct spectral signature of the mulch against the burned background. The measured straw cover on the ground was correlated to the modeled cover in the imagery with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.47, and a rank analysis indicated the ability to predict relative straw cover amounts on the plots with a rank correlation of ? = 0.40. Better correlations may be possible if the time between the image acquisition and field validation was shorter. Our results encourage further exploration of the use of high-resolution imagery for research applications and postfire management.
The significance of mottling in the description of Quaternary estuarine soils

Abstract During detailed examination of fresh material from split Delft samples extensive mottling was noted in the alluvial deposits at the SERC test bed site at Bothkennar on the Forth Estuary, Scotland. The mottles, invariably related to small diameter holes, are only recognisable for about thirty minutes before becoming indistinguishable due to general oxidation. The mottles have been categorised into fine, medium and coarse size and are recorded by their percentage cover. They show some evidence of cyclic development. Laboratory tests on the mottled material indicate that only the moisture content is significantly affected. Observation of the mottles is important in that they are related to fine holes which in turn will influence the in situ permeability of the material.
Sustainable Urban Water Management

Water is one of the essential commodity for the survival of a human being. This research paper deals with the Sustainability of Water and the methods of saving water. Rain water harvesting and the Recycling of Water are the two methods for saving and using the water. This paper deals with the challenges of urban water sector, history of urban water management and the reforms to be taken. Water is a commodity which is in scarcity, both in rural areas and urban areas. In urban areas, people and Urban Local Bodies (ULB's) waste water. Water is also an economic, political and social commodity.
Associations of genetically predicted circulating levels of cytokines with telomere length: a Mendelian randomization study

Background Telomere length (TL) has been regarded as a biomarker of aging, and TL shortening is associated with numerous chronic illnesses. The mounting evidence has shown that inflammatory cytokines are involved in maintaining or shortening TL, the causality of cytokines with TL remains unknown. Therefore, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to estimate the underlying correlations of circulating inflammatory cytokines with TL. Methods Genetic instrumental variables for inflammatory cytokines were identified through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 8,293 European individuals. Summary statistics of TL were derived from a UK Bio-bank cohort comprising 472,174 samples of individuals with European descent. We employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach as our main analysis, and to ensure the reliability of our findings, we also conducted additional analyses including the weighted median, MR-Egger, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test, and weighted model. Lastly, the reverse MR analyses were performed to estimate the likelihood of inverse causality between TL and the cytokines identified in the forward MR analysis. Cochran’s Q test were employed to quantify the degree of heterogeneity. Results After applying Bonferroni correction, a higher circulating level of Interleukin-7 (IL-7) was suggestively associated with TL maintaining (OR:1.01, 95%CI:1.00-1.02, P=0.032 by IVW method). The study also revealed suggestive evidence indicating the involvement of Interleukin-2 receptor, alpha subunit (IL-2Rα) level was negatively associated with TL maintaining (OR:0.98, 95%CI:0.96-1.00, P=0.045 by IVW method), and the weighted median approach was consistent (OR:0.99, 95%CI:0.97-1.00, P=0.035). According to the findings of reverse MR analysis, no significant causal relationship between TL and cytokines was explored. Our analysis did not reveal any substantial heterogeneity in the Single nucleotide polymorphisms or horizontal pleiotropy. Conclusions Our MR analysis yielded suggestive evidence supporting the causality between circulating IL-7 and IL-2Rα and telomere length, necessitating further investigations to elucidate the mechanisms by which these inflammatory cytokines may impact the progression of telomeres.
Supplementary Information Importance of background climate in determining impact of land cover change on regional climate

global-mean surface air temperature upon a doubling of the atmospheric CO2 concentration at a rate of 1% per year, is 1.4 o C. This value is consistent with the 5-95% uncertainty range for the models reported in the 4 th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 1 of 1.2-2.4 o C, but less than the mean value of 1.76 o C (ref 1).
ANALISIS MEDIA PELAYANAN APLIKASI DJP ONLINE TERHADAP PENERIMAAN TEKNOLOGI WAJIB PAJAK

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena kepatuhan wajib pajak, serta perilaku wajib pajak yang masih mengunjungi kantor pajak. Padahal Dirjen Pajak Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia telah menciptakan aplikasi berbasis web, yang bertujuan untuk efektifitas dan efisiensi pelayanan publik. Perubahan yang disebabkan oleh perkembangan teknologi menjadi sebuah kepastian. Marshall Mcluhan mencetuskan teori ekologi media, yang berdasar pada pengaruh media elektronik dalam penggunaan teknologi, penerimaan bahasa, serta interaksi yang terjadi dapat memberikan perubahan terhadap perilaku individu. Pada penelitian ini Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) merupakan model yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat penggunaan aplikasi DJP Online, kemudahan yang didapatkan, serta dampak perilaku yang dihasilkan setelah menggunakan aplikasi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dan paradigma konstruktivis. Penelitian ini menggambarkan realitas sosial untuk mendapatkan pemahaman komprehensif tentang pengalaman wajib pajak dalam menggunakan aplikasi DJP Online. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara semi terstruktur, observasi dan studi pustaka. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa wajib pajak mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami istilah perpajakan, penggunaan aplikasi yang rumit, dan merasakan kurangnya sosialisasi yang diberikan oleh pemerintah. Hasilnya wajib pajak ada yang tetap mendatangi kantor pajak, dan ada juga yang memanfaatkan media teknologi lain untuk mendapatkan informasi lebih tentang aplikasi DJP Online
Main Memory Database Instant Recovery

Main Memory Databases (MMDBs) technology handles the primary database in Random Access Memory (RAM) to provide high throughput and low latency. However, volatile memory makes MMDBs much more sensitive to system failures. The contents of the database are lost in these failures. As a result, systems may be unavailable for a long time until the database recovery process has been finished. Therefore, novel recovery techniques are needed to repair crashed MMDBs as quickly as possible. This thesis presents MM-DIRECT, a recovery technique that enables MMDBs to schedule transactions immediately after the system startup. The approach also implements a tuple-level consistent checkpoint to reduce the recovery time. To validate the proposed approach, experiments were performed in a prototype implemented on the Redis database. The results show that the proposed instant recovery technique effectively provides high transaction throughput rates even during the recovery process and normal database processing.
The First Genome Survey of the Snail Provanna glabra Inhabiting Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents

Simple Summary Due to limited reporting of genomic resources for deep-sea organisms, studies of their adaptive mechanisms for extreme environments have been hindered. A genome survey of the snail Provanna glabra, a representative species in deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystem, was conducted based on Illumina sequencing. Genome size, repetitive elements, heterozygosity, and other genome features were estimated and characterized. A draft genome and a complete mitochondrial genome were assembled for P. glabra, and candidate molecular markers were identified. Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial genes was performed. The results provide effective genome information for P. glabra and supply a basis for further high-quality genome map construction and biogeography study of this deep-sea chemosynthetic snail. Abstract The snail P. glabra is an endemic species in deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems of the Northwest Pacific Ocean. To obtain more genetic information on this species and provide the basis for subsequent whole-genome map construction, a genome survey was performed on this snail from the hydrothermal vent of Okinawa Trough. The genomic size of P. glabra was estimated to be 1.44 Gb, with a heterozygosity of 1.91% and a repeated sequence content of 69.80%. Based on the sequencing data, a draft genome of 1.32 Gb was assembled. Transposal elements (TEs) accounted for 40.17% of the entire genome, with DNA transposons taking the highest proportion. It was found that most TEs were inserted in the genome recently. In the simple sequence repeats, the dinucleotide motif was the most enriched microsatellite type, accounting for 53% of microsatellites. A complete mitochondrial genome of P. glabra with a total length of 16,268 bp was assembled from the sequencing data. After comparison with the published mitochondrial genome of Provanna sp. from a methane seep, 331 potential single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites were identified in protein-coding genes (PCGs). Except for the cox1 gene, nad2, nad4, nad5, and cob genes are expected to be candidate markers for population genetic and phylogenetic studies of P. glabra and other deep-sea snails. Compared with shallow-water species, three mitochondrial genes of deep-sea gastropods exhibited a higher evolutionary rate, indicating strong selection operating on mitochondria of deep-sea species. This study provides insights into the genome characteristics of P. glabra and supplies genomic resources for further studies on the adaptive evolution of the snail in extreme deep-sea chemosynthetic environments.
COMPARISON OF THE IMPACT OF INTAKE OXYGEN ENRICHMENT AND FUEL OXYGENATION ON DIESEL PARTICULATE EMISSIONS

Introduction Addition of oxygen to assist the diesel combustion process is by no means a new idea. Significant work has been ongoing for some years regarding oxygenation of diesel fuel through additives and alternative fuels [1,2,3,4]. Oxygen enrichment of intake air has also been considered as a measure to control the PM emission and to improve thermal efficiency. Argonne National Laboratory has developed a membrane that efficiently separates standard air into oxygen and nitrogen. Motivated by this novel method, recent work at University of Wisconsin-Madison has explored the impact of intake composition [5] and compared the impact of fuel oxygenation and intake oxygen enrichment [6]. This recent work shed some light on the effects of intake charge composition, but left many unanswered questions. The work presented here compares oxygenated fuels with oxygen enrichment of intake air. In this case, we are examining the application of Air Products' VSA type A-040/120L Oxygen Generator to improving diesel engine operation.
Evig ung – en casestudie av relasjoner mellom nyskaping og drift

Denne artikkelen undersøker organisatoriske mekanismer for samtidig håndtering av fornyelsesprosesser og ut­vik­ling i eksisterende driftsprosesser. Den er basert på en studie av Olympic Shipping i Fosnavåg. Først ser vi bedriften i lys av eksisterende viten. Her baserer vi oss på forsk­ning om organisasjoners evne til å orientere seg mot to inkompatible mål samtidig, ofte kalt ambidexterity. Deretter går vi dypere inn på forhold som ikke er godt dekket i eksisterende forsk­ning. Analysen viser blant annet at man ikke bør betrakte fornyelsesprosesser og driftsprosesser som enten–eller-valg med hensyn til ressursallokering. Alternativet er å akseptere at de resultatene som skapes i fornyelsesprosessene, er avgjørende for de innovasjoner som kan finne sted i driftsprosessene, og prioritere ressursbruken deretter. Dessuten viser studien at fornyende innovasjon har verdiskapende betydning langt utover å påvirke driftsoperasjonene. Avslutningsvis sammenfattes funnene i en forretningsmodell. Denne utgjør en referanseramme for å forstå langsiktige strategiske fortrinn basert på kontinuerlig innovasjon.
Comparing Trunk Kinematics Computed by Optical Marker-Based Motion Capture System and Inertial Measurement Units During Overground Trips

Falls are the most common cause of non-fatal injuries, and trips are responsible for high percentages of those falls in the United States. Traditional method for estimating trunk kinematics during overground trips uses optical marker-based motion capture systems. However, their cost and space requirements can often be barriers in this research field. Inexpensive and portable inertial measurement units may be an appropriate alternative. This study compared trunk flexion angle and angular velocity at touchdown of the initial recovery step after laboratory-induced trips while walking captured by the optical markerbased motion capture system versus IMUs. Our results provide evidence that a sternum-worn IMU can provide trunk kinematic measurements of clinical relevance and may be used to provide meaningful data to understand kinematic responses to trips or trip-induced falls that occur in real life.
Study on Mechanical and Durability Properties of East Borneo Double Layer Porous Concrete Paving Block

Massive infrastructure development in East Borneo has reduced the water catchment area. One of the efforts to overcome this is by implementing porous paving with superplasticizer and local materials to improve quality, overcome material scarcity, and save costs. The purpose of this study was to determine the best layer variation of porous paving using Palu and Senoni materials with variations of 1/4, 1/2, and 3/4 of Senoni aggregate. In this study, the test object was made in the form of a beam with a quality of concrete planned at K300 MPa according to the compressive strength, flexural strength, porosity, and permeability values tested at the ages of 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Based on the results, the variant layer of 1/4 Senoni obtained maximum compressive strength, flexural strength, porosity, and permeability of 17.306 MPa, 3.984 MPa, 18.120%, and 0.216 cm/second at the age of 28 days, respectively. Thus categorized this combination as C quality. Which was included in the C quality group with an application as a pedestrian area. According to the permeability result, double-layer porous paving can accelerate water absorption on the surface to prevent waterlogging when it rains. The increasing variation of layers in double-layer porous paving affects the compressive strength, flexural strength, porosity, and permeability. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2023-09-012 Full Text: PDF
Sensitivity of distributions of climate system properties to the surface temperature dataset

Surface temperature, upper‐air temperature, and ocean heat content data are used to constrain the distributions of the parameters that define three climate system properties in the MIT Integrated Global Systems Model: effective climate sensitivity, the rate of ocean heat uptake into the deep ocean, and net anthropogenic aerosol forcing. Five different surface temperature data records are used to show that the resulting parameter distribution functions are sensitive to the dataset used to estimate the likelihood of model output given the observed climate records. Estimates of effective climate sensitivity mode and mean differ by as much as 1 K between the datasets, with an overall range of 1.2 to 5.3 K. Ocean effective diffusivity distributions are poorly constrained by any dataset. The overall range of net aerosol forcing values, −0.19 to −0.83 Wm−2, is small compared to other uncertainties in climate forcings. Transient climate response (TCR) estimates derived from these distributions range between 0.87 and 2.41 K and the shapes of individual TCR distributions depend on the surface dataset. Understanding the differences in parameter distributions and climate system properties derived from them is critical for understanding the full range of uncertainty involved in climate model calibration and prediction results.
South Indian Convergence Zone Model: A new approach to seasonal forecasting of summer monsoon rainfall in India Part III: Forecast for meteorological subdivisions

Long Range Forecast (LRF) of southwest monsoon rainfall for India as a whole is being issued by India Meteorological Department (IMD) since 1886. But issuing LRF of rainfall for smaller spatial and temporal resolutions has remained a challenging task till date. LRF of rainfall, if available at sub-division and district level, could get integrated in agricultural planning, water management strategies and a number of other activities. Issuing subdivision-wise forecasts of rainfall for monthly, bi-monthly periods of June+ July, July+ August, August+ September and for the season as a whole (June-September), and seasonal forecast in the cluster of districts/districts in the subdivision of Tamilnadu and Pondicherry are discussed in the present study. The study has shown that forecasts of southwest monsoon rainfall could be issued for a number of subdivisions with an accuracy of 80% to 100% for monthly forecasts, 70% to 100% for bi-monthly forecasts and 85% to 100% for seasonal forecasts respectively. The accuracy of seasonal forecast for cluster of districts/districts in Tamilnadu and Pondicherry ranges from 70% to 100%.
Revisiting corporate governance and financial risk‐taking

Corporate governance attributes have varying effects on risk taking when variables are examined separately. We study the effects of a large range of corporate governance attributes on risk taking using a comprehensive US sample. Our findings confirm that although there are certain characteristics that drive this positive effect such as compensation structure, there are those which have the opposite effect such as board‐level attributes. Our paper contributes to the broader literature on the relationship between corporate governance and risk in financial institutions, which are often overlooked in traditional studies. We shed light on the importance of studying corporate governance at a granular level rather than using a single index. The findings offer insights to regulators in determining suitable corporate governance frameworks to ensure the protection of investors rights in financial institutions.
Magnetic susceptibility of pyrrhotite: grain size, field and frequency dependence

Summary The field and frequency dependences of the initial susceptibility of pyrrhotite have been analysed as a function of grain size, motivated by a strong field dependence recently observed for large (mm-sized) pyrrhotite crystals (Worm 1991) and smaller field dependences determined on smaller grain sizes by Clark (1984). In the present study, the frequency ranged from 30 Hz to 27 kHz. At 2 kHz, a field range from 0.05 to 1500 μT was investigated. Separate determinations of in-phase (K') and quadrature (k”) susceptibility components allow for the analysis of eddy current effects. Up to 4 kHz the in-phase susceptibility of a pyrrhotite-ore specimen is practically independent of frequency whereafter it decreases while the quadrature component increases linearly with frequency to a value on the order of k' at 20kHz for large grains. k” is proportional to d2μ where d is grain diameter, μ the intrinsic permeability, σ the electrical conductivity and f the frequency. the frequency response of magnetite is essentially flat up to frequencies >20 kHz. Both frequency dependences agree well with calculations based on the theory by Wait (1951). the conductivity of the pyrrhotite ore has been determined to be σ= 1.40 (±0.05). 105Ω−1m−1. The susceptibility of pyrrhotite and its field dependence increase strongly with grain size. While the susceptibility of grains smaller than 30 μm is field independent (up to 1.5 mT) it may increase as kα H0.25 for mm-sized crystals in fields >10μT. For most samples the Rayleigh law is inadequate to characterize induced magnetizations in weak alternating fields. When susceptibilities are measured for geomagnetic anomaly modelling, laboratory fields should be of similar intensity as the Earth's field and of frequency ≤1 kHz.