Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consideraciones para el marco operativo posterior a la crisis del eurosistema

Traduce y publica el cemla con la debida autorización. La autora es asesora de política en el De Nederlandsche Bank (dnb, banco central de los Países Bajos). Ponencia presentada durante la vii Reunión sobre Operaciones de Mercado Abierto del cemla, que se realizó los días 6 y 7 de noviembre de 2014, con el auspicio del Banco Central de Chile, en Santiago, Chile. Las opiniones expresadas en este artículo son las de la autora y no necesariamente reflejan las del dnb o del Sistema Europeo de Bancos Centrales. La autora expresa un agradecimiento especial a aquellos que han contribuido con el dnb Workstream para la aplicación de la política monetaria en el entorno posterior a la crisis. Este artículo ha contado con el valioso aporte de esta línea de trabajo. 1. INTRODUCCIÓN
Arterial travel time estimation method using SCATS traffic data based on KNN-LSSVR model

In order to improve the effect of estimating travel time and provide more precise and reliable traffic information to traffic management department and travelers, we proposed an arterial travel time estimation method using Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System traffic data based on K-nearest neighbor–least squares support vector regression model. First, the virtual time series is constructed by analyzing the characteristics of the inconsistent time intervals of Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System traffic data. Second, the K-nearest neighbor method was used to search the K similarity patterns matching the current traffic pattern and obtain K travel time data. Then, the least squares support vector regression model was used to perform travel time estimation. Finally, case validation is carried out using the measured data of Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System traffic control system. The estimation results demonstrate that the travel time estimation accuracy of proposed method outperforms the other two methods.
Activation of Ras in vitro and in intact fibroblasts by the Vav guanine nucleotide exchange protein

We recently identified Vav, the product of the vav proto-oncogene, as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Ras. Vav is enzymatically activated by lymphocyte antigen receptor-coupled protein tyrosine kinases or independently by diglycerides. To further evaluate the physiological role of Vav, we assessed its GDP-GTP exchange activity against several Ras-related proteins in vitro and determined whether Vav activation in transfected NIH 3T3 fibroblasts correlates with the activity status of Ras and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. In vitro translated purified Vav activated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or phosphorylation with recombinant p56lck displayed GEF activity against Ras but not against recombinant RacI, RacII, Ral, or RhoA proteins. Expression of vav or proto-vav in stably transfected NIH 3T3 cells led to a approximately 10-fold increase in basal or PMA-stimulated Ras exchange activity, respectively, in total-cell lysates and Vav immunoprecipitates. Elevated GEF activity was paralleled in each case by a significant increase in the proportion of active, GTP-bound Ras. PMA had a minimal effect on the low Ras. GTP level in untransfected control fibroblasts but increased it from 20 to 37% in proto-vav-transfected cells. vav-transfected cells displayed a constitutively elevated Ras. GTP level (35%), which was not increased further by PMA treatment. MAP kinases, known downstream intermediates in Ras-dependent signaling pathways, similarly exhibited increased basal or PMA-stimulated activity in Vav-expressing cells by comparison with normal NIH 3T3 cells. These results demonstrate a physiologic interaction between Vav and its target, Ras, leading to MAP kinase activation.
Trust and Accounting Regulation: Towards an Interdisciplinary Research Agenda

Based on understanding accounting as a social construct we aim to raise research questions in context of trust and accounting regulation. While not providing a comprehensive literature overview, we identify opportunities for research which we mainly see in understanding what trust in accounting constitutes. Regulation theory and issues surrounding the communication between organizations and stakeholders qualify for both theoretical and empirical research. In all contexts we fi nd application of interdisciplinary approaches to offer fruitful perspectives, not only within business economics but beyond. We argue that the proposed agenda has implications for practice and policy as it may inform companies as well as regulators on how to adequately deal with trust when reporting fi nancial information.
Modeling Brillouin Gain Spectrum of Solid and Microstructured Optical Fibers Using a Finite Element Method

We report the first detailed implementation of a 2-D finite-element method (FEM) through a commercial FEM solver that can be universally applied to calculate the Brillouin gain characteristics of optical fibers with arbitrary refractive index profiles and material composition, including radially asymmetric and microstructured optical fibers (MOFs). Experimental results on various fabricated solid and MOFs are presented that demonstrate the widespread applicability and high accuracy of the proposed technique, which should prove to be an invaluable tool for designing novel optical fibers with tailored Brillouin response for a wide range of applications.
Defining gefitinib sensitivity/resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines by affymetrix gene arrays.

7027 Background: Gefitinib (Iressa) and other EGFR inhibitors are active in 12-19% of NSCLC patients previously treated with chemotherapy. Currently, there are no selection criteria for determining which NSCLC patients will benefit from this treatment. EGFR expression does not predict Gefitinib sensitivity. Using a panel of NSCLC cell lines with varying sensitivity to Gefitinib we defined a panel of biomarkers that predict sensitivity or resistance. METHODS Gefitinib sensitivity was determined in 18 NSCLC cell lines using MTT assays. Cell lines were classified as Gefitinib sensitive (IC50<1μM), resistant (IC50>10μM) or intermediate sensitivity (IC50 1-10μM). Oligonucleotide microarray (Affymetrix HGU 133A, 22,000 genes) analysis was performed on 10 cell lines. Three distinct filtration and normalization algorithms were used to process the expression data and a list of genes was generated that was both statistically significant (unadjusted p=0.001 cutoff) and corrected for occurrence of false positives. This approach was used in combination with 5 distinct machine learning algorithms to build a test set for predictor genes that was successful in 100% of test cases. The best discriminators (>3 fold difference in expression between sensitive and resistant cell lines) were selected for quantitative real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS A list of 144 genes was generated from the Affymetric array analysis. By using the mathematical algorithm 16 candidate genes were selected for RT-PCR. Thirteen of the 16 genes were verified to discriminate between sensitive and resistant cell lines by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS Based on NSCLC cell line studies it was possible to identify 13 different genes, which strongly discriminated Gefitinib sensitive cell lines from the resistant ones. This biomarker panel may be of significant value for selecting NSCLC patients for Gefitinib treatment. [Table: see text].
T-S fuzzy control for a quad-rotor UAV

This paper investigates the problem of the position and attitude control of quad-rotor UAV. A new simplified model which is more reasonable for some actual cases is derived. Based on the simplified model, a T-S fuzzy state feedback controller to stabilize the attitude of quad-rotor UAV is designed. Proposed control strategy can steer quad-rotor UAV flight with a desired acceleration. In addition, it can guarantee the assumption for simplifying quad-rotor model is reasonable during the flight. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained theoretical results.
Dopaminergic Mechanisms in the Teleost Retina

Abstract: The ability of dopamine, dopamine agonists, other proposed retinal neurotransmitters, depolarizing agents and light to stimulate adenylate cyclase activity in pieces of intact carp retina has been examined. The evidence indicates that a dopamine‐sensitive adenylate cyclase is the only neurotransmitter activated adenylate cyclase in the carp retina. That is, only dopamine, or agents that activate dopamine receptors, appear to stimulate cyclic AMP synthesis in the retina. Depolarizing agents such as K+ or veratridine also increase retinal cyclic AMP levels, but apparently by releasing endogenous stores of dopamine. For example, the increase of retinal cyclic AMP levels induced by 45 mM‐K+ is blocked by 5 mM‐Co2+ or 100 μM‐haloperidol, a dopamine antagonist. Flashing lights slightly increase cyclic AMP levels in the retina, an effect that is likewise abolished by haloperidol.
Crystal structure of native cinnamomin isoform III and its comparison with other ribosome inactivating proteins

Crystal structure of native cinnamomin isoform III and its comparison with other ribosome inactivating proteins Arezki Azzi,1,2y Tao Wang,1y Dao-Wei Zhu, Yong-Shui Zou, Wang-Yi Liu, and Sheng-Xiang Lin* 1 Structural Biology Platform, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBCB), Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences, China 2 Laboratory of Oncology and Molecular Endocrinology, CHUL Research Center (CHUQ) and Laval University, Quebec, Canada
Nuclear lamins and laminopathies

Nuclear lamins are intermediate filament proteins that polymerize to form the nuclear lamina on the inner aspect of the inner nuclear membrane. Long known to be essential for maintaining nuclear structure and disassembling/reassembling during mitosis in metazoans, research over the past dozen years has shown that mutations in genes encoding nuclear lamins, particularly LMNA encoding the A‐type lamins, cause a broad range of diverse diseases, often referred to as laminopathies. Lamins are expressed in all mammalian somatic cells but mutations in their genes lead to relatively tissue‐selective disease phenotypes in most cases. While mutations causing laminopathies have been shown to produce abnormalities in nuclear morphology, how these disease‐causing mutations or resultant alterations in nuclear structure lead to pathology is only starting to be understood. Despite the incomplete understanding of pathogenic mechanisms underlying the laminopathies, basic research in cellular and small animal models has produced promising leads for treatments of these rare diseases. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determinants of HMGB Proteins Required To Promote RAG1/2-Recombination Signal Sequence Complex Assembly and Catalysis during V(D)J Recombination

ABSTRACT Efficient assembly of RAG1/2-recombination signal sequence (RSS) DNA complexes that are competent for V(D)J cleavage requires the presence of the nonspecific DNA binding and bending protein HMGB1 or HMGB2. We find that either of the two minimal DNA binding domains of HMGB1 is effective in assembling RAG1/2-RSS complexes on naked DNA and stimulating V(D)J cleavage but that both domains are required for efficient activity when the RSS is incorporated into a nucleosome. The single-domain HMGB protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Nhp6A, efficiently assembles RAG1/2 complexes on naked DNA; however, these complexes are minimally competent for V(D)J cleavage. Nhp6A forms much more stable DNA complexes than HMGB1, and a variety of mutations that destabilize Nhp6A binding to bent microcircular DNA promote increased V(D)J cleavage. One of the two DNA bending wedges on Nhp6A and the analogous phenylalanine wedge at the DNA exit site of HMGB1 domain A were found to be essential for promoting RAG1/2-RSS complex formation. Because the phenylalanine wedge is required for specific recognition of DNA kinks, we propose that HMGB proteins facilitate RAG1/2-RSS interactions by recognizing a distorted DNA structure induced by RAG1/2 binding. The resulting complex must be sufficiently dynamic to enable the series of RAG1/2-mediated chemical reactions on the DNA.
Role of PC‐1 in The Etiology of Insulin Resistance

ABSTRACT: Defects in insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity have been demonstrated in tissues from insulin resistant subjects, but mutations in the insulin receptor gene are rare. Therefore, other molecules that are capable of modulating the insulin receptor most likely play a major role in insulin resistance. In cultured fibroblasts from an insulin resistant patient with Type 2 diabetes, we first identified membrane glycoprotein PC‐1 as an inhibitor of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity. PC‐1 is overexpressed in fibroblasts from other insulin resistant subjects, both with and without Type 2 diabetes. PC‐1 is a large class II exoprotein whose function is unknown. Studies in muscle and fat of insulin resistant subjects, two primary tissues for insulin activation, reveal that elevated levels of PC‐1 are inversely correlated with decreased insulin action both in vivo and in vitro. Transfection and expression of PC‐1 in cultured cells demonstrate that overexpression of PC‐1 produces impairments in insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity, and the subsequent cellular responses to insulin. These studies indicate, therefore, that PC‐1 is a major factor in the etiology of insulin resistance, and is a potential new therapeutic target for antidiabetic therapy.
Hormesis and risk communication: a comment to Ortwin Renn

Professor Ortwin Renn should be congratulated for authoring the definitive piece on risk communication with regard to hormesis.1 Most of his conclusions I agree with, specifically the importance of labelling hormesis as a possible natural effect, thereby reducing the stigmatization associated with a technical/chemical label. Rather than discussing all the points that Renn raises, in this comment I will focus on the issue of trust, a topic that Renn does examine but which I feel does not get adequate attention and which I do not completely agree with. In so doing, in my conclusions I am more optimistic than Renn is in preparing risk communication strategies regarding hormesis and other new paradigms to target audiences (defined in most instances as the general public and stakeholders).
Energy efficient parallel computing on the PULP platform with support for OpenMP

Many-core architectures structured as fabrics of tightly-coupled clusters have shown promising results on embedded parallel applications, providing state-of-art performance with a reduced power budget. We propose PULP (Parallel processing Ultra-Low Power platform), an architecture built on clusters of tightly-coupled OpenRISC ISA cores, with advanced techniques for fast performance and energy scalability that exploit the capabilities of the STMicroelectronics UTBB FD-SOI 28nm technology. To exploit thread level parallelism of applications PULP supports a lightweight implementation of OpenMP 3.0 running on a bare metal runtime optimized for embedded architectures. The proposed platform demonstrates able to provide high performance for a wide range of workloads ranging from 1.2 MOPS to 3 GOPS with a peak energy efficiency of 210 GOPS/W. Thanks to the efficient exploitation of forward and reverse body biasing on fine grained regions of the cluster, the platform is able to improve by up to 1.3x the energy efficiency of parallel portions, and by up to 2.4x the energy efficiency of sequential portions of OpenMP applications.
Optimized protocols in terms of equalizing the true and accidental coincidences of each bed position in static multiple bed position carbon-11 PET studies and a target single bed position study

Quantitative carbon-11 (11C) positron emission tomography (PET) is gaining more attention in oncological applications. In addition, it was discovered that accidental coincidences (randoms) can play an important role in studies such as partial volume effects correction without needing to use anatomical information. However, because of the short half-life of 11C, a homogeneous multiple bed position 11C image is hard to obtain. This study aimed to determine whether innovative pseudogating, optimized pseudogating and optimized double-up methods could match the true counts and randoms to each bed position and to a target single bed position study. A long cylindrical phantom filled with [11C]acetate was scanned by a dedicated PET scanner using six protocols: whole body, frame-duration-compensated whole body, double-up, optimized double-up, pseudogating, and optimized pseudogating. The differences between the protocols are in the initial activity, frame duration and frame number for each bed position. The parameters for pseudogating were determined according to the theory that true counts and randoms are proportional to the radioactivity and its square, respectively. The results show that the stated goals could only be achieved by pseudogating and optimized pseudogating. We conclude that pseudogating or optimized pseudogating must be applied for a critical quantitative study. However, optimized double-up and double-up methods are good alternatives for semi-quantitative and qualitative studies, respectively.
Domestic hypermedia: mixed media in the home

This paper analyses the potentials for use of hypermedia in homes based on empirical studies. The use of physical materials is characterized by collaborative spatial organization and persistent visual awareness. Qualities that are currently not well supported for digital materials. However, domestic materials, such as photos, music, messages. become digitized. Based on the analyses we propose a Domestic Hypermedia infrastructure combining spatial, context-aware and physical hypermedia to support collaborative structuring and ambient presentation of materials in homes.
Wage Differences across French Local Labour Markets: Endowments, Skills, and Interactions

Spatial wage inequalities may be thought as the outcome of differences in the skill composition of the workforce, in non-human endowments, and in local interactions. Using a very large panel of French workers over 1976-1998, we estimate a model of wage determination across local labour markets. We control for personal characterist- ics, person fixed-effects, industry fixed-effects, characteristics of the local labour market and local fixed-effects. Our findings suggest that individual skills account for a large fraction of existing spatial wage inequalities with strong evidence of spatial sorting by ability. Interaction effects are mostly driven by the local density of employment. We also find evidence of reverse causation between agglomeration and high wages. Finally, the suggested role for endowments is small.
An improved algorithm for recognizing mathematical equations by using machine learning approach and hybrid feature extraction technique

Handwritten mathematical symbols and equations recognition has captured a lot of concentration in the field of pattern recognition. Using efficient multilayer perceptron feed forward back propagation neural network with training algorithm gradient descent with momentum and adaptive learning definitely improve the performance and accuracy of proposed system. By considering hybrid feature in recognition system, the speed is enhanced with tremendous recognition accuracy. An experiment has been carried out for numerous kinds of equations in handwritten form and methodology has exposed successful results. In future, the proposed system might provide key factor to initiate for paperless environment by digitizing and transforming current paper documents.
Journal round up

An advantage of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing in screening for cervical cancer has been the potential for self-collection, a method especially of value in populations where traditional speculum examination has low uptake. Previous literature has shown that self-collected samples preserved in a liquid storage system showed similar yield in terms of HPV detection as provider-collected samples, but few studies have used a systematic approach comparing dry selfsampling technique to wet samples collected by providers. In a study conducted among Inuit women in Quebec, Paul Brassard and colleagues report the results of dry self-sampling. The sampling was simple and successful; High Risk HPV and type-specific HPV 16/18 were as likely to be detected in the self-collected samples compared with the provider obtained samples. Self-sampling with dry storage and transport appears to have great potential in the control and prevention of cervical cancer.
The Housing Voucher Choice Program: More than Just a Lagniappe for New Orleans

One of the most pressing questions facing New Orleans policy makers is how to best deal with housing for low-income individuals displaced by Hurricane Katrina. State and local officials in Louisiana currently favor implementing a program of publicly financed mixed-income developments (MIDs) as a means of providing low-income housing for New Orleans residents in the aftermath of Katrina.This policy comment explores the difficulties that MIDs face in assisting low income residents with housing by revisiting the lessons learned from similar policies of the past coupled with findings from research conducted in post-Katrina New Orleans. The findings suggest that housing assistance should shift from government publicly-financed housing (MIDs and "Projects") toward the provision of housing through a voucher system.In a post-disaster situation, general strides can be made to change the failing policies of the past. This is particularly important for New Orleans as the city struggles to rebuild both the physical and social landscape. Avoiding former policy traps means moving away from publicly-financed housing. For these reasons, we recommend the following reforms:1. Halt the adoption and construction of all forms of project-based assistance, including the revitalization of government projects and construction of mixed-income developments.2. Administer all future housing assistance directly to the recipient through vouchers.3. Transfer the property rights of government projects from public to private hands.4. Provide an institutional climate favorable to real estate investment.