Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Late-onset neonatal sepsis: recent developments

The incidence of neonatal late-onset sepsis (LOS) is inversely related to the degree of maturity and varies geographically from 0.61% to 14.2% among hospitalised newborns. Epidemiological data on very low birth weight infants shows that the predominant pathogens of neonatal LOS are coagulase-negative staphylococci, followed by Gram-negative bacilli and fungi. Due to the difficulties in a prompt diagnosis of LOS and LOS-associated high risk of mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae, empirical antibiotic treatment is initiated on suspicion of LOS. However, empirical therapy is often inappropriately used with unnecessary broad-spectrum antibiotics and a prolonged duration of treatment. The increasing number of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative micro-organisms in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) worldwide is a serious concern, which requires thorough and efficient surveillance strategies and appropriate treatment regimens. Immunological strategies for preventing neonatal LOS are not supported by current evidence, and approaches, such as a strict hygiene protocol and the minimisation of invasive procedures in NICUs represent the cornerstone to reduce the burden of neonatal LOS.
DICE

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) enable decentralized architectures to monitor the behavior of physical processes and to detect deviations from a specified “safe” behavior, for example, to check the operation of control loops. Such correct behavior is typically expressed by global invariants over the state of different sensors or actuators. Nevertheless, to leverage the computing capabilities of WSN nodes, the application intelligence needs to reside inside the network. The task of ensuring that the monitored processes behave safely thus becomes inherently distributed, and hence more complex. In this article we present DICE, a system enabling WSN-based distributed monitoring of global invariants. A DICE invariant is expressed by predicates defined over the state of multiple WSN nodes, such as the expected state of actuators based on given sensed environmental conditions. Our modular design allows two alternative protocols for detecting invariant violations: both perform in-network aggregation but with different degrees of decentralization, therefore supporting scenarios with different network and data dynamics. We characterize and compare the two protocols using large-scale simulations and a real-world testbed. Our results indicate that invariant violations are detected in a timely and energy-efficient manner. For instance, in a 225-node 15-hop network, invariant violations are detected in less than a second and with only a few packets sent by each node.
Code-Generation Technique for Large-Language Compilers

A solution is proposed to the problem of optimizing code generation by a large-language compiler. A high-level definitional language is used to define the code mappings, and an interpreter executes the routines in this language during the one-pass, text-driven code-generation phase. The technique might also be applied to extendable languages and shared-component compilers.
HAMAP rules as SPARQL A portable annotation pipeline for genomes and proteomes

Motivation Genome and proteome annotation pipelines are generally custom built and therefore not easily reusable by other groups, which leads to duplication of effort, increased costs, and suboptimal results. One cost-effective way to increase the data quality in public databases is to encourage the adoption of annotation standards and technological solutions that enable the sharing of biological knowledge and tools for genome and proteome annotation. Results We have translated the rules of our HAMAP proteome annotation pipeline to queries in the W3C standard SPARQL 1.1 syntax and applied them with two off-the-shelf SPARQL engines to UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot protein sequences described in RDF format. This approach is applicable to any genome or proteome annotation pipeline and greatly simplifies their reuse. Availability HAMAP SPARQL rules and documentation are freely available for download from the HAMAP FTP site ftp://ftp.expasy. org/databases/hamap/hamapsparql.tar. gz under a CC-BY-ND 4.0 license. The annotations generated by the rules are under the CC-BY 4.0 license. Contact hamap@sib.swiss Supplementary information Supplementary data are included at the end of this document.
Using think aloud protocol with blind users:: a case for inclusive usability evaluation methods

There is a need to assess the applicability of conventional Usability Evaluation Methods to users with disabilities, given the growing importance of involving these users in the usability evaluation process. We found that conventional Think Aloud Protocol cannot be used as is, and will require modification to be useful, when evaluating websites with blind users.
Presence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Pigs in Peru

We report the first detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in pigs in Peru. The isolates belong to a livestock-associated lineage previously reported in North America and Europe, CC398, and a highly virulent USA300-like ST8-IV variant, which is the predominant community-associated lineage in Latin America.
Numerical solution of the second boundary value problem for the Elliptic Monge-Amp ere equation

This paper introduces a numerical method for the solution of the nonlinear elliptic Monge-Ampere equation. The boundary conditions correspond to the optimal transportation of measures supported on two domains, where one of these sets is convex. The new challenge is implementing the boundary conditions, which are implicit and non-local. These boundary conditions are reformulated as a nonlinear Hamilton-Jacobi PDE on the boundary. This formulation allows us to extend the convergent, wide stencil Monge-Ampere solvers proposed by Froese and Oberman to this problem. Several non-trivial computational examples demonstrate that the method is robust and fast.
The Comparison of RNA Secondary Structures with Nested Arc-Annotation

In recent years, RNA structural comparison becomes a crucial problem in bioinformatics research. Generally, it is a popular approach for representing the RNA secondary structures with arc-annotation sets. Several methods can be used to compare two RNA structures, such as tree edit distance, longest arcpreserving common subsequence (LAPCS) and stembased alignment. However, these methods may be helpful only for small RNA structures because of their high time complexity. In this paper, we propose a simplified method to compare two RNA structures in O(mn) time, where m and n are the lengths of the two given RNA sequences, respectively. Our method transforms the RNA structures into specific sequences called object sequences, then compares these object sequences to find their common substructures. We test our comparison method with 118 RNA structures obtained from RNase P Database. For any two structures, we try to identify whether they are in the same family by both structure comparison and sequence comparison. In our experiment, we find that our method for comparing RNA structures can yield better hit rates and is faster than the traditional method to compare the RNA sequences. Therefore, our approach for comparing RNA secondary structures is more sensitive in biology and more efficient in time complexity.
A New Intrusion Detection System Using Class and Sample Weighted C-support Vector Machine

whenever an intrusion occurs, the security of a computer system is compromised. Presently there are a lot of algorithms applied in intrusion detection systems. The SVM is one of the most successful ones in the data mining area, but its biasing behavior with uneven datasets limits its use. Shu-Xin Du proposed an improved approach named weighted SVM to solve this problem. However, Weighted SVM considers different penalty parameters about class only and ignores importance among different samples. In this paper, we introduced class and sample weighted factors respectively and propose a new method, namely, Class and Sample Weighted C-Support Vector Machine (CSWC-SVM) to solve the problem. Furthermore we construct a decision model. Experimental simulations with KDD Cup 1999 Data proved our approach works well and outperforms other approaches such as the standard C-SVM and Weighted SVM in terms of accuracy, false positive rate, and false negative rate.
Disentangling How Coworkers and Supervisors Influence Employee Cyberloafing: What Normative Information Are Employees Attending To?

Cyberloafing—the use of an electronic device at work for an activity that an immediate supervisor would not consider work-related—is now the most common way that employees waste time at work. It is well established that social norms play a role in cyberloafing, but it is unknown what specific normative information employees attend to when deciding whether or not to cyberloaf. In Study 1, we tested which of four types of normative information could underlie the observed correlation between social norms and cyberloafing. We found that both perceptions of supervisor cyberloafing and perceptions of coworker cyberloafing accounted for unique variance in cyberloafing, and also discovered some evidence that the approval of these referents also had the same effect. In Study 2, we cross-validated these results from Study 1 using a sample that was reasonably representative of the general working population—supporting the generalizability of our findings from Study 1. Furthermore, we conducted supplemental analyses (relative weights analysis and polynomial regression) to untangle nuances in how normative data relates to cyberloafing. In Study 1, we also examined the role of actual norms—as opposed to perceived norms—and found evidence that actual supervisor cyberloafing does influence cyberloafing through employee perceptions of supervisor cyberloafing. Overall, this investigation serves to clarify how social influence plays a role in the cyberloafing phenomenon.
On Using Tabu Search for RNA Secondary Structure Prediction

In this article, a novel approach is proposed to predict RNA secondary structure called RNA secondary structure prediction based on Tabu Search (RNATS). In the RNATS algorithm, two search models, intensification search and diversification search, are developed to exploit the local regions around the current solution and explore the unvisited solution space, respectively. Simulation experiments are conducted on eight RNA sequences to show that the proposed method is feasible and effective.
Hybrid navigation and communication positioning in cellular radio networks with a common RAKE receiver architecture

The location requirements for emergency callers outside urban areas can hardly be fulfilled without Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). In a hybrid mobile terminal for satellite navigation and mobile radio communications, the possibility of an additional usage of the mobile radio signals for navigation purposes could be a remedy to this problem of satellite navigation systems. This paper describes our pursued approach of a hybrid positioning concept based on a new hybrid positioning algorithm and a joint receiver structure able to receive and process signals broadcast from both navigation satellite systems and cellular radio networks.
An Example of Kaluza-Klein-like Theories Leading After Compactification to Massless Spinors Coupled to a Gauge Field-Derivations and Proofs

The genuine Kaluza-Klein-like theories (with no fields in addition to gravity with torsion) have difficulties with the existence of massless spinors after the compactification of some of dimensions of space\cite{witten}. We demonstrate in this letter on an example of a flat torus - as a compactified part of an (1+5)-dimensional space - that for constant fields and appropriate boundary conditions there exists in the 1+3 dimensional space a massless solution, which is mass protected and chirally coupled with a Kaluza-Klein charge to the corresponding gauge field.
An approach to sentiment analysis in Twitter using expert tweets and retweeting hierarchy

In today's scenario, blogging, especially micro blogging, has become an integral part of our day to day life. Millions of web users connected through social networks like Twitter and so on share their opinions on different aspects of life every day, thus making blogs rich sources of data containing diverse views and perspectives of a wide arena of people. But the humungous volume of twitter feeds poses a problem to data analysts. In our paper we propose a novel model for data collection in which we collect a sample of expert tweets instead of following the conventional method of random sampling. The model also takes into consideration the tree like hierarchical retweeting structure to confirm that the general public's opinion matches with the experts' opinion. Through the retweeting structure, we can also study the opinion diffusion and evolution.
Increasing accuracy of frequency estimation by decimation

The problem of estimation of a frequency of a complex sinusoidal signal buried in white measurement noise is considered. It is shown that, for a fixed model order, the variance of the autoregressive frequency estimates can be significantly reduced if the signal is decimated prior to modeling. To obtain comparable results by means of processing the signal in the original time scale, one may be forced to use autoregressive models of very high orders. Therefore the major advantage of decimation is dramatic reduction in computation.
Suppression of bremsstrahlung and pair production due to environmental factors

The environment in which bremsstrahlung and pair creation occurs can strongly affect cross sections for these processes. Because ultrarelativistic electromagnetic interactions involve very small longitudinal momentum transfers, the reactions occur gradually, spread over long distances. During this time, even relatively weak factors can accumulate enough to disrupt the interaction. In the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect, multiple scattering reduces the bremsstrahlung and pair production cross section. This review will discuss this and a variety of other factors that can suppress bremsstrahlung and pair production, as well as related effects involving beamstrahlung and QCD processes. After surveying different theoretical approaches, experimental measurements will be covered. Recent accurate measurements by the SLAC E-146 Collaboration will be highlighted, along with several recent theoretical works relating to the experiment. (c) 1999 The American Physical Society.
Scientific production on falls and deaths among elderly persons: a bibliometric analysis

Abstract Objective: To map international scientific production on falls and deaths among the elderly. Method: A bibliometric study of academic papers was carried out in the ISI Web of Knowledge/Web of ScienceTM. The search terms "elderly*", "fall*" and "death*" were used for studies between 1990 and 2016. Articles from events or those still in the editing process and studies in the form of "conference proceedings", "editorial material" and "letters" were excluded, with only finished studies and complete "articles" and "reviews" considered. Results: After applying the refinement filters, 668 articles were identified during the 26 year evaluation period, published in 364 different journals indexed to the database in question. These were written by 2,958 authors with links to 1131 research institutions located in 63 countries. The articles included 22,093 references, with an average of approximately 33 references per study. Conclusion: The articles on falls and deaths among the elderly emphasize the need for more specific studies on the subject and its potential for exploration in future research. This study revealed the need for this issue to be discussed in the training of health professionals, as it represents an opportunity to deconstruct and reconstruct concepts and values that are established throughout the life of individuals, such as care related to the avoidability of falls, to improve the quality of life of this population.
Connexon‐mediated cell adhesion drives microtissue self‐assembly

Microtissue self‐assembly is thought to be driven primarily by cadherins, while connexons have been examined mainly in intercellular coupling. We investigated whether connexon 43 (Cx43)‐mediated cell adhesion modulates self‐assembly of human KGN granulosa cells, normal human fibroblasts (NHFs), and MCF‐7 breast cancer cells seeded into nonadhesive agarose gels. We found that treatment with anti‐Cx43 E2 (112 µg/ml), which suppresses Cx43 docking, significantly inhibited the kinetics of KGN and NHF self‐assembly compared to the preimmune sera control (41.1±4.5 and 24.5±10.4% at 8 h, respectively). Likewise, gap junction inhibitor carbenoxolone also inhibited self‐assembly of KGN, NHF, and MCF‐7 cells in a dose‐dependent manner that was specific to cell type. In contrast, Gap26 connexin mimetic peptide, which inhibits channel permeability but not docking, accelerated self‐assembly of KGN and NHF microtissues. Experiments using selective enzymatic digestion of cell adhesion molecules and neutralizing N‐cadherin antibodies further showed that self‐assembly was comparably disrupted by inhibiting connexin‐ and cadherin‐mediated adhesion. These findings demonstrate that connexon‐mediated cell adhesion and intercellular communication differentially influence microtissue self‐assembly, and that their contributions are comparable to those of cadherins. —Bao, B. , Jiang, J., Yanase, T. , Nishi, Y. , Morgan, J. R. Connexon‐mediated cell adhesion drives microtissue self‐assembly. FASEBJ. 25, 255–264 (2011). www.fasebj. org
Programmed Necrosis: A Prominent Mechanism of Cell Death following Neonatal Brain Injury

Despite the introduction of therapeutic hypothermia, neonatal hypoxic ischemic (HI) brain injury remains a common cause of developmental disability. Development of rational adjuvant therapies to hypothermia requires understanding of the pathways of cell death and survival modulated by HI. The conceptualization of the apoptosis-necrosis “continuum” in neonatal brain injury predicts mechanistic interactions between cell death and hydrid forms of cell death such as programmed or regulated necrosis. Many of the components of the signaling pathway regulating programmed necrosis have been studied previously in models of neonatal HI. In some of these investigations, they participate as part of the apoptotic pathways demonstrating clear overlap of programmed death pathways. Receptor interacting protein (RIP)-1 is at the crossroads between types of cellular death and survival and RIP-1 kinase activity triggers formation of the necrosome (in complex with RIP-3) leading to programmed necrosis. Neuroprotection afforded by the blockade of RIP-1 kinase following neonatal HI suggests a role for programmed necrosis in the HI injury to the developing brain. Here, we briefly review the state of the knowledge about the mechanisms behind programmed necrosis in neonatal brain injury recognizing that a significant proportion of these data derive from experiments in cultured cell and some from in vivo adult animal models. There are still more questions than answers, yet the fascinating new perspectives provided by the understanding of programmed necrosis in the developing brain may lay the foundation for new therapies for neonatal HI.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mimicking Acute Anterior Myocardial Infarction Associated with Sudden Cardiac Death

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common genetic disease of the heart. We report a rare case of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy mimicking an acute anterior myocardial infarction associated with sudden cardiac death. The patient presented with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction and significant elevation of cardiac enzymes. Cardiac catheterization showed some atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, without significant stenosis. Echocardiography showed left ventricular hypertrophy with a left ventricular outflow tract obstruction; the pressure gradient at rest was 20 mmHg and became severe with the Valsalva maneuver (100 mmHg). There was no family history of sudden cardiac death. Six days later, the patient suffered a syncope on his way to magnetic resonance imaging. He was successfully resuscitated by ventricular fibrillation.
The Application of Artificial Neural Networks in Risk Assessment on High-Tech Project Investment

Investment risks assessment of high-tech projects is a more complex process, involving various factors and it is not entirely the linear relationship between influencing factors and measurement results. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has a strong nonlinear mapping ability, with strong learning ability and high classification and prediction accuracy. The paper applied ANN to establish a new risk assessment model of high-tech project investment and used MATLAB software to carry out example simulations respectively with BP Neural Network model and RBF Neural Network model. The results showed that it is effective to apply ANN to assess the high-tech project investment risk and RBF network is more suitable than BP network.
Time to Flower , the control of flowering time by photoperiod

The transition from vegetative to reproductive phase (flowering) is one of the most important decisions a plant has to take in order to guarantee the success of its offspring. In the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana, flowering is triggered by endogenous and environmental signals among which day length is one of the most important traits. In the so-called photoperiod pathway, the gene CONSTANS (CO) plays a central role and encodes a protein exclusive to plants that can activate the transcription of the genes that promote flowering. In this work that was done in the mark of a European effort to study flowering development and thanks in part to a Human Potential Marie Curie Fellowship, we made a definitive progress in the explanation of the biochemical basis of flowering by photoperiod. The external coincidence model derived from these studies is based on the circadian regulation of the mRNA of CO and the activation and stabilization of CO protein due to the effect of photoreceptors. This model explains how a plant can detect the seasons through a complex network of signals and decide the best time to flower.
A Reflective Framework for Distributed Applications in Open Systems

In our laboratory (LCMI-UFSC), in order to treat these questions we have proposed the RTR (Real Time Reflective) model which has been conceived for expressing and building real-time applications in open systems (Fraga et al., 1995, 1996, 1997a, Furtado et al. 1996a). In incorporating concepts of object-orientation and reflective computing, the RTR model provides flexibili ty which is suitable in open systems. Interoperabili ty among distributed heterogeneous components is supplied by adapting this model to the CORBA architecture.