Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increasing mustard (Brassica juncea L.) yields through exposure sound and preventive pest management based on refugia plants

Abstract. In Indonesia, mustard plants will increase by 8.2% in 2021, but more than that is needed to meet the community's needs due to a growing population. Pests and fertilization problems hinder expected growth. The provision of plant fertilizers can be replaced through the application of sound. Exposure sounds to plants can increase plant growth by opening stomata, improving water absorption, and increasing plant nutrient uptake. This study aimed to examine the application of sound effects and refugia plants t890po increase the growth and yield of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.). The study used a Time's Series Randomized Block Design with 3 replications. The first factor is sound applications (S) consisting of S0 = without sound, S1 = rock music (Frequency 21-14,000 Hz), and S2 = classical sound (Frequency 21-14,000 Hz). The second factor is the refugia plant (R) consisting of R0 = without refugia, R1 = Tagetes erecta L. , R2 = Zinnia elegans L, and R3 = Ocimum bassilicum L. The application of classical sound frequency (20-14,000 Hz) affects the growth process of mustard plants through the increase in plant height (14.5%), leaf area (20.92%), wet weight (3.5%), dry weight (26.41%), total chlorophyll (11.62%) and plant N content (31.03%). Meanwhile, rock music frequency (20-14,000 Hz) can increase plant height (2.97%), leaf area (19.11%), and total stomata (9.6%). Refugia plants affect the process of plant protection through their ability to attract pests in the research area.
Assessment of past and future potential of ocean wave power in the Gulf of Guinea

ABSTRACT This study investigated the historical and future wave power potential in the Gulf of Guinea (GoG) with the aim of identifying high-density wave energy locations for potential exploitation. To estimate wave power density (WPD) for three time periods (past: 1979–2005, mid-century: 2026–2050, and end-century: 2081–2100), we utilized significant wave height and mean wave period obtained from eight General Circulation Models. Using an ensemble of these WAVEWATCH III simulated datasets, we calculated WPD and assessed overall and seasonal trends, projecting changes under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. Results revealed higher potential WPD in the western GoG, particularly near the coast, with increased values offshore. Spatially, WPD change rates varied widely (−0.021 to 0.039 kW/m per year), suggesting both positive and negative trends, though generally low. Projections indicated a potential increase from 0.5 to 1.0 kW/m by the end of the century. The estimated potential power for harvesting exceeded 14,000 MW, with offshore regions showing better wave converter performance. This study concludes that GoG's wave energy is a promising renewable resource, offering a potential solution to future power needs and contributing to regional greenhouse gas emission mitigation.
Study on Scale Issues in Measurement of Winter Wheat Plant Area by Remote Sensing

The measurement of crop planting area is essential to yield estimation by remote sensing.The area measuring accuracy directly affects the reliability and applicability of the results.The application of multi-scale remotely sensed data is the inevitable trend.The selection of different scale remotely sensed data sources directly affects the accuracy of measurement of crop planting area.It is necessary and valuable to study the effect of scale on crop planting area measurement,as well as the relationship of qualitative and quantitative research.Therefore,this paper used SPOT5 data and analyzed the scale change effect on the accuracy of measurement by remote sensing.Spatial statistic method and manifold accuracy evaluation indices were respectively used to analyze them with various spatial resolution,spatial extent and crop percentage.And the study results indicate:(1) with the decrease of the spatial resolution,the average regional accuracy will decrease and the errors of crop planting area measurement will increase due to the augmentation of mixed pixels;(2) with the enlargement of the spatial extent of the measuring region,the average regional accuracy increases because the proportions error can be counteracted reciprocally at a certain extent;(3) the percentage of crop can exert a great influence on the choice of data with different spatial resolution used in the measurement of crop planting area.When the percentage of the crop is above 30%,the mean region accuracy at different resolution is basically above 90%. When the percentage reaches 40%—50%,the differences of the mean regional accuracies at different resolution reach the least value and is almost above 93%. With the percentage unceasingly increasing,the mean region accuracies at lower resolution(30m,50m,70m,and 90m) almost keep unchanged.When the percentage of 30m resolution is above 10%,the mean region accuracy can stabilize over 95% even if the measuring extent is small.The results of this paper provide academic and experimental reference to resolve the problem of data selection and accuracy pledge in operational crop planting area measurement by remote sensing.
Single-Frequency Phaseless Data-Based Echo Suppression for Antenna Pattern Measurement in a Nonideal Chamber

Antenna pattern measurement generally requires an anechoic chamber with a single line-of-sight (LOS) propagation. However, it may not be satisfied due to cost and size limitations, leading to a nonanechoic environment (with echoes) and a distorted measured antenna pattern. To address this challenge, this article proposed an echo suppression method using phaseless data at a single frequency. With the proposed method, one can discriminate the multipath characteristic convoluted with the actual antenna pattern by measuring the antenna gain pattern at multiple spatial locations. Different from the state-of-the-art methods requiring phase information, the proposed method is an amplitude-only technique, thus enabling cost-effective and true over-the-air (OTA) measurement for the wireless device. Furthermore, we derived a systematic guideline for the proposed method to improve measurement efficiency based on numerical simulations. The proposed method is experimentally validated by placing a metal plate in the chamber to emulate a nonanechoic environment, and a good agreement between the true antenna pattern and the reconstructed antenna gain pattern is found. Both numerical and experimental validations demonstrated the feasibility and robustness of the proposed technique.
Wave equation multiple suppression using constrained cross equalization

A method for improving the attenuation of water layer multiple energy is suggested. The improvement is achieved using wave equation extrapolation to generate an initial model of the multiple energy, and then constraining the way the time variant wavelet is modified to fit the observed multiple energy. Reconciling the initial multiple model wavelet with the input data is a critical part of this process, and several techniques have been suggested previously by other authors. The approach used here is to fit time, amplitude and phase of the wavelets, by adapting the model trace using a weighted sum of four traces which can each be derived from the initial multiple model trace.
Influence of operating conditions on electron density in atmospheric pressure helium plasma jets

In recent years, atmospheric-pressure plasma jets have emerged as valuable tools in many application areas, including material modification, environmental remediation and biomedicine. Understanding the discharge characteristics of these plasma jets under various operating conditions is crucial for optimizing process outcomes. This paper presents a two-dimensional fluid model for numerical simulation to study the variation in electron density within an atmospheric-pressure helium plasma jet under different operating conditions. The investigated parameters include helium gas flow rate, voltage amplitude, needle-to-ring discharge gap, and relative permittivity of the dielectric tube. The results reveal that the peak electric field and electron density initially occur at the wall of the dielectric tube and subsequently shift towards the head of the propagating jet. Gas flow rate has minimal impact on the electron density throughout the plasma jet, whereas increasing the needle-to-ring discharge gap significantly decreases the average electron density within the jet. In addition, an increase in the voltage amplitude and the relative permittivity of the dielectric tube enhances the electric field within the discharge space, thereby increasing the electron density in the plasma jet. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the correlation between electron density and operating conditions to precisely control plasma jets and enhance material treatment effectiveness for specific applications.
Programmable All-in-One 4×8-/2×16-/1×32-Bits Dual Mode Logic Multiplier in 16 nm FinFET With Semi-Automatic Flow

In this paper, an improved multiplier architecture, utilizing dual mode logic (DML) targeting single-instruction-multiple-data (SIMD)-like systems is proposed. The design introduces improvements at both the architecture and logic gate levels, by capitalizing on their synergistic combination. At the architecture level, the multiplier design is adapted to accommodate diverse computations based on the level of the input data parallelism. The main novelty is the incorporation of three different acceleration or bypass mechanisms jointly. The configurable multiplier has three variable precision configuration options: a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$32\times 32$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-bit, two <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$16\times 16$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-bit, and four <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8\times 8$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-bit multipliers. This bypassing architecture seamlessly integrates DML logic, which supports two modes of operation: a high-performance dynamic mode and a low-energy consumption static mode, with smooth mode switching capabilities. By optimizing the DML mode based on the multiplier’s bit-width, the design enhances active computational block utilization, overall performance, and energy efficiency. In the dynamic mode, the DML implementation achieves an average performance improvement of 15% for the 32-bit, 8% for the 16-bit, and 7% for the 8-bit multipliers compared to the CMOS implementation. In the static mode, the DML implementation demonstrates an average energy reduction of 28%. When running in combined mode, where the 32-bit multiplier operates in dynamic mode for acceleration and the 8-bit multiplier operates in static mode for energy savings, the DML implementation exhibits an average overall performance gain of 15% and up to 18% lower energy consumption. The non-trivial semi-automation flow utilized for the complex implementation of the proposed architecture is also presented.
Effects of Mitochondrial Transplantation on Transcriptomics in a Polymicrobial Sepsis Model

Previously, we demonstrated that mitochondrial transplantation has beneficial effects in a polymicrobial sepsis model. However, the mechanism has not been fully investigated. Mitochondria have their own genes, and genomic changes in sepsis are an important issue in terms of pathophysiology, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. To investigate the changes in transcriptomic features after mitochondrial transplantation in a polymicrobial sepsis model, we used a rat model of fecal slurry polymicrobial sepsis. Total RNA from splenocytes of sham-operated (SHAM, n = 10), sepsis-induced (SEPSIS, n = 7), and sepsis receiving mitochondrial transplantation (SEPSIS + MT, n = 8) samples was extracted and we conducted a comparative transcriptome-wide analysis between three groups. We also confirmed these results with qPCR. In terms of percentage of mitochondrial mapped reads, the SEPSIS + MT group had a significantly higher mapping ratio than the others. RT1-M2 and Cbln2 were identified as highly expressed in SEPSIS + MT compared with SEPSIS. Using SHAM expression levels as another control variable, we further identified six genes (Fxyd4, Apex2l1, Kctd4, 7SK, SNORD94, and SNORA53) that were highly expressed after sepsis induction and observed that their expression levels were attenuated by mitochondrial transplantation. Changes in transcriptomic features were identified after mitochondrial transplantation in sepsis. This might provide a hint for exploring the mechanism of mitochondrial transplantation in sepsis.
The angular gyrus is engaged by autobiographical recall not object-semantics, or event-semantics: Evidence from contrastive propositional speech production

A long history of neuropsychology and neuroimaging has implicated the angular gyrus (AG) with a myriad of cognitive functions. We investigated the functional engagement of AG by three forms of memory: 1) episodic/autobiographical memory 2) object semantic-memory, and 3) event-semantic processing using the previously under-examined naturalistic task of propositional speech production. We conducted an ALE meta-analysis of imaging studies of propositional speech, followed by an fMRI study in which we conducted direct cross-domain comparisons. The results from the meta-analysis suggest that the AG is only engaged as part of the propositional speech network when the task carries an autobiographical component. This conclusion was strongly supported by the results from the fMRI study. The key fMRI findings were: 1) AG was positively engaged during autobiographical memory retrieval. 2) The AG was strongly deactivated for definitions of object semantics and non-propositional speech. 3) The level of AG activation increased with the degree to which the event descriptions relied on input from the episodic memory system. 4) Critically, the AG showed a very different pattern to that of known semantic representation regions (the anterior temporal lobe; ATL) - whilst AG activation increased with the autobiographical nature of the task, the ATL was equally responsive to all conditions. These results provide clear evidence that the AG is not acting as a semantic hub. In contrast, the AG activation profile directly mirrored that found in the wider autobiographical retrieval network. We propose that information stored elsewhere in the episodic system is temporally buffered online in the AG during autobiographical retrieval/memory construction.
HISTORICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF LONG-TERM ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE: FORESTS IN THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY OF VIRGINIA

Long-term human-environment interactions have been studied by generations of scholars from multiple disciplines, yet there is still a need to develop better understandings of what changes took place across time and space, and the causes and consequences of those changes. In recent years, a great deal of attention has been focused on the study of land-use and land-cover change, particularly by researchers interested in global environmental change and geographic information science. This area of research is sometimes referred to as land-change science, and national and international organizations have called for the development and analysis of long-term databases of land use and land cover. As local to global assessments of human-environment interactions have proliferated due to increased interest and the availability of new tools and data, a need has arisen to determine if there are “significant variations in local to regional to continental patterns of landscape change and the communities and cultures residing in those lands. ” In addition, methodological issues about validating analysis conducted with varying types and amounts of sources and comparing studies “across scales, geographic areas and cultures, and methodological approaches” have been raised. Two approaches researchers use to study long-term, human-induced changes to the environment can be generally categorized as geohistorical and geocomputational. The geohistorical approach is based on thorough analysis of archival material and previous studies, and sometimes includes broader theoretical frameworks. Geocomputational approaches utilize computers to analyze spatial data or to model processes and are exemplified by the common usage of geographic information systems (GIS) and digital image processing programs to analyze remotely sensed data. While geohistorical studies deal with places, the spatial extent of place may be
Application of diffusion kurtosis imaging in differential diagnosis of focal liver lesions

Purpose Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is an MRI method related to diffusion imaging (DWI) that is distinguished by a non-Gaussian calculation of water particles movements in tissues. The aim of the study was to assess DKI advantage over DWI in differentiating benign and malignant liver lesions. Material and methods Analysis included prospectively acquired group of 83 patients referred consecutively for 3T-MRI liver tumor examination, with 95 liver lesions (31 benign, 59 malignant). MRI assessments were performed with standard protocol and DKI sequence with seven b-values (0-2,000 s/mm2). Quantitative data were acquired by placing ROIs in liver tumors on all b-value images, ROI data extracted, and calculation of DWI and DKI parameters. ADC was calculated for all b-values (ADC0-2000) and for three values of b = 0, 500, and 750 (s/mm2) (ADC0-500-750). DKI and ADC parameters for benign and malignant lesions were compared, and ROC curves were plotted. Results Significant differences were obtained for all DKI and ADC parameters. ROC analysis showed AUC of DK, K, ADC0-2000, and ADC0-500-750 was 0.74, 0.77, 0.77, and 0.75, respectively. The highest sensitivity (of 0.91) was obtained for ADC0-2000. The highest specificity (0.65) and accuracy (0.80) was obtained for K. Conclusion DKI technique yields statistically comparable results with DWI technique.
of the 17th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation

Strictly serializable datastores greatly simplify application development. However, existing techniques pay unnecessary costs for naturally consistent transactions, which arrive at servers in an order that is already strictly serializable. We exploit this natural arrival order by executing transactions with minimal costs while optimistically assuming they are naturally consistent, and then leverage a timestamp-based technique to efficiently verify if the execution is indeed consistent. In the process of this design, we identify a fundamental pit-fall in relying on timestamps to provide strict serializability and name it the timestamp-inversion pitfall. We show that timestamp inversion has affected several existing systems. We present Natural Concurrency Control (NCC), a new concurrency control technique that guarantees strict serializability and ensures minimal costs—i.e., one-round latency, lock-free, and non-blocking execution—in the common case by leveraging natural consistency. NCC is enabled by three components: non-blocking execution, decoupled response management, and timestamp-based consistency checking. NCC avoids the timestamp-inversion pitfall with response timing control and proposes two optimization techniques, asynchrony-aware timestamps and smart retry, to reduce false aborts. Moreover, NCC designs a specialized protocol for read-only transactions, which is the first to achieve optimal best-case performance while guaranteeing strict serializability without relying on synchronized clocks. Our evaluation shows NCC outperforms state-of-the-art strictly serializable solutions by an order of magnitude on many workloads.
Assessing the Vulnerability of the Betawi Language: A Multidisciplinary Approach toward Preservation amidst Rapid Urbanization

The Betawi language, which is the indigenous language of the original inhabitants of Jakarta, is currently in a precarious state due to rapid advancements and changes within the city's social and cultural landscape. This creates an urgent need for robust and effective strategies to conserve this linguistic heritage. The concern is rooted in the fear that the extinction of the Betawi language would result in the failure to transmit valuable Betawi traditions, technology, cultural norms, and customs to subsequent generations. Such a loss would signify the decay of a rich and unique civilization. This study is designed to assess the current health and vitality of the Betawi language, drawing upon the disciplines of Social Semiotics, Demography, and Sociology for its methodological framework. Rather than relying exclusively on quantitative data, this research employs a qualitative approach to capture the subtleties, nuances, and specific preferences related to the language's use and significance. The study's findings point out that the Betawi language is in an even more vulnerable state now than it has been in the past, and this decline has severe ramifications for the Betawi community. Despite these challenges, educational interventions show promise to aid in the preservation of the language. Going forward, it is imperative to develop a well-rounded strategy for the preservation of the Betawi language that involves collaboration from a variety of stakeholders across different sectors
Advanced Etching Techniques of LiNbO3 Nanodevices

Single LiNbO3 (LNO) crystals are widely utilized in surface acoustic wave devices, optoelectronic devices, and novel ferroelectric memory devices due to their remarkable electro-optic and piezoelectric properties, and high saturation and remnant polarizations. However, challenges remain regarding their nanofabrication that hinder their applications. The prevailing etching techniques for LNO encompass dry etching, wet etching, and focused-ion-beam etching, each having distinct merits and demerits. Achieving higher etching rates and improved sidewall angles presents a challenge in LNO nanofabrication. Building upon the current etching researches, this study explores various etching methods using instruments capable of generating diverse plasma densities, such as dry etching in reactive ion etching (RIE) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP), proton exchange-enhanced etching, and wet chemical etching following high-temperature reduction treatment, as well as hybrid dry and wet etching. Ultimately, after employing RIE dry etching combined with wet etching, following a high-temperature reduction treatment, an etching rate of 10 nm/min and pretty 90° sidewall angles were achieved. Furthermore, high etching rates of 79 nm/min with steep sidewall angles of 83° were obtained using ICP dry etching. Additionally, using SiO2 masks, a high etching rate of 108 nm/min and an etching selectivity ratio of 0.86:1 were achieved. Distinct etching conditions yielded diverse yet exceptional results, providing multiple processing paths of etching for the versatile application of LNO.
Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics

The Rational Speech Acts (RSA) framework has been applied to an increasing number of linguistic phenomena. Despite its promise as a model of conversational reasoning, it has rarely been used to model more than a single conversation turn. I propose a system for conversation update in the RSA framework that allows iterative simulations of production and comprehension. I explore three key issues: how to simulate the Common Ground; how to update the Common Ground and participant belief states; and how to select observations.