Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do markers of daily affect mediate associations between interpretation bias and depressive symptoms? A longitudinal study of early adolescents.

INTRODUCTION Early adolescence represents a time of heightened vulnerability for depression. Negative interpretation biases have been associated with increases in depressive symptoms during this developmental period; however, the mechanisms underlying the association between interpretation biases and depression remain poorly understood. Cognitive theories posit that interpretation biases give rise to depression by modulating daily affect, particularly in the context of stress. However, this has not yet been directly examined. The present study tested affect intensity and instability as mechanisms linking negative interpretation biases with change in adolescent depressive symptoms. METHODS Ninety-four adolescents (aged 11-13 years; 51% boys) from Vancouver, Canada, were recruited for this longitudinal study. At baseline (Time 1), participants self-reported depressive symptoms and completed the Scrambled Sentences Task to assess negative interpretation biases. Next, participants completed daily diaries to assess positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) during a naturalistic stressor-the first 2 weeks of high school (Time 2). Finally, participants self-reported depressive symptoms 3 months later (Time 3). Path models were conducted to test whether PA and NA intensity and instability mediated prospective associations between negative interpretation biases and depressive symptom changes. RESULTS Although NA intensity, NA instability, and PA instability predicted increases in depressive symptoms, only NA intensity mediated associations between interpretation biases and symptom changes. Neither PA intensity nor instability mediated these associations. CONCLUSIONS Elevated daily NA represents a specific mechanism through which stronger negative interpretation biases predict increases in depressive symptoms in adolescence.
GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF LINEAMENTS INTERPRETED FROM LANDSAT IMAGES NEAR THE NORTHERN BLACK HILLS

ABSTRACT Linear features have been observed on enhanced Landsat images in an area of more than 130,000 km2 near the northern Black Hills. The study area includes the southeastern part of the Williston Basin (Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota) and the northwestern part of the Powder River Basin (Wyoming). Lineaments are interpreted as areas in which short linear features less than 8 km long are concentrated; the areas are bounded by individual linear features greater than 32 km long. Lineaments are domains of linear features observed on satellite images. The geological significance of Landsat features is established by comparing maps of linear features and lineaments with other types of geologic data. Linear features correspond to monoclines in the vicinity of the Black Hills and to specific structures interpreted from seismic records. Landsat lineaments correspond to variations in joint sets and to lineaments interpreted from aerial photographs and stratigraphic data. Landsat lineaments are believed to reflect fault zones bounding structural blocks in the Precambrian basement and linear features representing constituent faults within the zones.
Tectonic implications of transpression and transtension: Upper Rhine Graben

Seismic reflection data from the Upper Rhine Graben (URG) show a series of synclines along the linear eastern boundary faults from north of Karlsruhe to the Jura Mountains. Similar structures do not characterize the northern segment of the graben. The synclinal shape is portrayed by inversion related to transpression on the linear boundary faults, coupled with the conserved easterly dip of the sediments farther inside the tilted hanging block. The onset of transpression preceded the known early Burdigalian unconformity but was also an early Miocene event. It suggests that the regional compression axis (σ1) in early Miocene had a trend between 315° and 0°. The continuous transtension in the northern segment suggests that at no time during the history of the URG was the regional σ1 horizontal with a NE‐SW trend. The lack of transpressional structures in the younger Plio‐Pleistocene sediments along the entire eastern boundary of the URG suggests a late change in the regional stress field. The main eastern boundary faults and synclines north and south of Baden‐Baden are all continuous and have the same trend. Kinematically, they form a single graben segment and respond to the regional stress in the same way.
An elliptical dipole nanoantenna with an elliptical slot for enhanced plasmonic performance

The increasing interests in plasmonic nanoantennas focus on changing the resonance wavelength or field localization by changing the shape and size of the nanoantenna. A hollow elliptical dipole nanoantenna (HEDNA) is proposed by adding a slot in the two elliptical arms of the dipole nanoantenna. The plasmonic resonance wavelength and the localized field in the gap zone are increased. Moreover, the slot can be designed to enhance the overall absorption and reduce scattering. The simulations revealed that the antenna with the slot HEDNA scatters just 43% of the incident power and absorbs the remaining 57%, while the parent solid dipole scatters 90% of coupled power and absorbs the residual 10%. This represents switching from a scatterer to an absorber nanoantenna. Moreover, the achieved field enhancement in the gap region of the HEDA is more than three folds that without a slot. The proposed structure is easily applicable in sensing, thermoplasmonics, solar cells, and energy harvesting.
Influence of Financial Assets Diversification on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks Listed on Nairobi Securities Exchange

: In Kenya, while there had been improvements in financial performance of commercial banks that apply asset diversification approach others recorded loses. In this regard, this study examined influence of financial assets diversification on financial performance of commercial banks listed on Nairobi securities exchange. The study was informed by arbitrage pricing theory. The study employed descriptive survey research design and targets 8 relevant section heads/portfolio managers in each of the listed banks who made a total of 88 respondents, thus a census method was employed to avoid sampling bias. Primary data was collected from the key section senior management. Content validity was used to test instrument validity while Cronbach alpha coefficient was used to test instrument reliability. Descriptive analysis such as frequencies, means, and standard deviation was utilized whereas analyzed data presented in tables and graphs, while inferential statistics assessed nature and the strength of the relationships. SPSS version 24 is the computer-based analysis software that was used to compute statistical data. The results revealed that there is significant influence of financial assets diversification on financial performance of commercial banks listed on Nairobi securities exchange at 5% significance level. Overall, financial assets diversification significantly accounted for 56.6% of variation in financial performance of listed commercial banks. The study therefore concluded that financial assets diversification is a significant predicator of financial performance. The researcher through the study findings recommended that commercial bank managers to reviews existing financial assets diversification plan, specifically on other investments in order to realign what might be causing such trends. This should involve putting across strategies and plans for diversifying and utilizing financial assets in a way that translates to positive performance.
Luminescent down-shifting coatings for UV-responsive CCD image sensors

Luminescent UV radiation down-shifting coatings based on europium complexes with fluorinated β -diketones for extension the range of spectral sensitivity of CCD image sensors into the ultraviolet region without decreasing the other parameters (spatial resolution, sensitivity, etc.) has been developed. Coatings applied to the photosensitive surface of a silicon CCD array ensured their quantum efficiency in the range of 220–380 nm up to 40% efficiency at the maximum spectral sensitivity
Synthesis of the Exact Parameters of the Electromagnetic Brake of a Wind Electric Installation

The article considers the problem of optimal modeling of an electromagnetic brake, as applied to a wind power plant to reduce dangerous fluctuations at high wind speeds and obtain electricity of the required quality. The effectiveness of using the frequency method with the subsequent compilation of equivalent circuits is shown to develop a simplified method for calculating the electromagnetic torque of a brake with a massive magnetic circuit. Taking into account the peculiarities of the study of machines with a massive magnetic circuit, in order to develop an engineering calculation method, the electromagnetic slip clutch (ESC) is considered as an object with lumped parameters. Based on the results of the excitation current damping experiment, an algorithm and a program for solving the problem of synthesizing the parameters of an improved equivalent circuit for an electromagnetic brake with multiloop structures have been developed
Soma-workﬂow: a uniﬁed and simple interface to parallel computing resources

Parallel computing resources are now available everywhere, from a simple multiple core laptop to sophisticated clusters and grids. Soma-workﬂow originated in the observation that many computational processes in neuroimaging are highly parallel by nature and could take advantage of the available resources with few adaptations. These processes can be described by workﬂows which are sequences of parallel and serial sub-tasks. Soma-workﬂow is a software which makes easier the execution, control and monitoring of such workﬂow on various computing resources. It provides the possibility to submit a whole workﬂow without dealing with sub-task submission and dependencies. It also oﬀers a homogeneous interface to the diﬀerent resources. Soma-workﬂow was created for the purpose of being plugged to external software or being used directly by non expert users.
Pan-cancer Analysis of the Disulfidptosis-related Gene NCKAP1 and Its Prognostic Value for Lung Adenocarcinoma

Background: The nck-associated protein 1 (NCKAP1) of the disulfidptosis-related gene is essential in programmed cell death. However, a comprehensive analysis of the biological significance of NCKAP1 in pan-cancer is lacking. Methods: Gene expression matrices and clinical expression information of cancers were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEX) databases. A comprehensive analysis of NCKAP1 expression, biological function, gene mutation, immune cell infiltration, DNA methylation, and drug sensitivity profiles in pan-cancer was performed using the Timer2.0, HPA, GEPIA, STRING, cBioPortal, UALCAN and CellMiner databases. The prognostic value of NCKAP1 was investigated based on COX regression analysis and the Kaplan-Meier(K-M) curves. A nomogram was established to verify the clinical value of NCKAP1 for LUAD. The correlation between NCKAP1 and immune cells and signaling pathways were investigated by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA). Validation was performed using PCR, Western Blot (WB), and Transwell assays. Result: Significant differences in expression levels, mutation levels, and methylation levels of NCKAP1 between tumor and normal samples. NCKAP1 affects the prognosis of various cancers. NCKAP1 is strongly associated with microsatellite instability (MSI) and tumor mutational burden (TMB). The Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses indicate that NCKAP1 is strongly associated with cell death and tumor immunity. The expression of NCKAP1 affects the sensitivity to various drugs. Moreover, NCKAP1 is an independent predictor of prognosis in LUAD patients. The results of ssGSEA showed that elevated NCKAP1 expression was positively correlated with multiple immune-related signaling pathways. PCR analysis showed that the expression of NCKAP1 was increased in LUAD cells. Transwell invasion assay showed that overexpression of NCKAP1 resulted in enhanced invasion of LUAD cells. Conclusions: We comprehensively analyzed the relationship between NCKAP1 and pan-cancer and its potential clinical value. NCKAP1 could be a potential immune marker for various cancers (especially LUAD), providing new insights and insights for cancer therapy.
Rock Physics Diagnostic and Density Velocity Analysis for Nahr-Umr Formation in Kumaite Oil Field, Southern Iraq

Density velocity analysis is quite important. In litho-rock physics prediction, this is due density can be an important character in differentiate lithologies and estimate other petrophysical properties. In the Kumaite Oil Field's Kt-1 and Kt-2 wells, a new empirical equation was established, especially for Nahr-Umr Formation, and this relation was compared to other global equations. Both Petro-physics and rock physics analysis was initiated to classify litho- units and determine the productive layer that could be contain hydrocarbons. The litho-probability (petrophysics) was giving a good match with hydrocarbons possibility (Rock Physics). well log interpretations (RHOB-NPHI) and cross plot of Vp/Vs versus Acoustic Impedance, MuRho and LambdaRho cross-plots) were used for lithology identification, which showed that the litho-prediction for Nahr-Umr is Limestone with sandstone in the middle and lower part, also the results were appeared that the lower part of formation has a good reservoir characterization.
Leveraging Hierarchical Feature Sharing for Efficient Dataset Condensation

Given a real-world dataset, data condensation (DC) aims to synthesize a significantly smaller dataset that captures the knowledge of this dataset for model training with high performance. Recent works propose to enhance DC with data parameterization, which condenses data into parameterized data containers rather than pixel space. The intuition behind data parameterization is to encode shared features of images to avoid additional storage costs. In this paper, we recognize that images share common features in a hierarchical way due to the inherent hierarchical structure of the classification system, which is overlooked by current data parameterization methods. To better align DC with this hierarchical nature and encourage more efficient information sharing inside data containers, we propose a novel data parameterization architecture, Hierarchical Memory Network (HMN). HMN stores condensed data in a three-tier structure, representing the dataset-level, class-level, and instance-level features. Another helpful property of the hierarchical architecture is that HMN naturally ensures good independence among images despite achieving information sharing. This enables instance-level pruning for HMN to reduce redundant information, thereby further minimizing redundancy and enhancing performance. We evaluate HMN on four public datasets (SVHN, CIFAR10, CIFAR100, and Tiny-ImageNet) and compare HMN with eight DC baselines. The evaluation results show that our proposed method outperforms all baselines, even when trained with a batch-based loss consuming less GPU memory.
Risk Assessment and Statistical Significance in the Age of Foundation Models

We propose a distributional framework for assessing socio-technical risks of foundation models with quantified statistical significance. Our approach hinges on a new statistical relative testing based on first and second order stochastic dominance of real random variables. We show that the second order statistics in this test are linked to mean-risk models commonly used in econometrics and mathematical finance to balance risk and utility when choosing between alternatives. Using this framework, we formally develop a risk-aware approach for foundation model selection given guardrails quantified by specified metrics. Inspired by portfolio optimization and selection theory in mathematical finance, we define a metrics portfolio for each model as a means to aggregate a collection of metrics, and perform model selection based on the stochastic dominance of these portfolios. The statistical significance of our tests is backed theoretically by an asymptotic analysis via central limit theorems instantiated in practice via a bootstrap variance estimate. We use our framework to compare various large language models regarding risks related to drifting from instructions and outputting toxic content.
Nonlinear single‐phase flow in real rock joints

Laboratory analysis of single‐phase water and airflow through a real rock joint under increasing confining pressure was carried out in order to assess the linearity or otherwise of the Reynolds number (Re) versus pressure change relationship and to also test the applicability of Forchheimer's relation. These tests were conducted on a granitic specimen, 110 mm high and 55 mm in diameter, with a single natural fracture running the height of the specimen, which had a matrix permeability of approximately 10−18 m2. The single‐phase Re versus pressure change relationship using water was confirmed as being quadratic in nature. This same relationship held for single‐phase airflow but only for confining pressures below around 2.0 MPa. At confining pressures ≥3.0 MPa the relationship shifted in form to a cubic fit. In analyzing the application of Forchheimer's transmissivity relation to single‐phase water flow it was concluded that the model was appropriate for all tested confining pressures (0.55–3.0 MPa). When assessing its applicability to single‐phase airflow, the model was only accurate at low‐confining pressures (<1.0 MPa). Further, it was found that an increase in confining pressure shifted the Forchheimer's transmissivity curve downward.
Proof Repair across Quotient Type Equivalences

Proofs in proof assistants like Coq can be brittle, breaking easily in response to changes in the terms and types those proofs depend on. To address this, recent work introduced an algorithm and tool in Coq to automatically repair broken proofs in response to changes that correspond to type equivalences. However, many changes remained out of the scope of this algorithm and tool -- especially changes in underlying behavior. We extend this proof repair algorithm so that it can express certain changes in behavior that were previously out of scope. We focus in particular on equivalences between quotient types -- types equipped with a relation that describes what it means for any two elements of that type to be equal. Quotient type equivalences can be used to express interesting changes in representations of mathematical structures, as well as changes in the underlying implementations of data structures -- two use cases highlighted by our case studies. We extend this algorithm to support quotient type equivalences in two different ways: (1) internally to cubical type theory (applied to Cubical Agda), and (2) externally to CIC$_{\omega}$ (applied to Coq). While our approach in Coq comes equipped with prototype automation, it suffers notably from Coq's lack of quotient types -- something we circumvent using Coq's setoid machinery and an extension to the proof repair algorithm to support the corresponding new proof obligations. In contrast, while our approach in Cubical Agda is completely manual, it takes advantage of cubical type theory's internal quotient types, which makes the algorithm straightforward. Furthermore, it includes the first internal proofs of correctness of repaired proofs, something not possible in general in Coq. We report on the tradeoffs between these two approaches, and demonstrate these tradeoffs on proof repair case studies for previously unsupported changes.
Exploring Community-Driven Descriptions for Making Livestreams Accessible

People watch livestreams to connect with others and learn about their hobbies. Livestreams feature multiple visual streams including the main video, webcams, on-screen overlays, and chat, all of which are inaccessible to livestream viewers with visual impairments. While prior work explores creating audio descriptions for recorded videos, live videos present new challenges: authoring descriptions in real-time, describing domain-specific content, and prioritizing which complex visual information to describe. We explore inviting livestream community members who are domain experts to provide live descriptions. We first conducted a study with 18 sighted livestream community members authoring descriptions for livestreams using three different description methods: live descriptions using text, live descriptions using speech, and asynchronous descriptions using text. We then conducted a study with 9 livestream community members with visual impairments, who shared their current strategies and challenges for watching livestreams and provided feedback on the community-written descriptions. We conclude with implications for improving the accessibility of livestreams.
Affine Springer Fibers and Generalized Haiman Ideals

We compute the Borel-Moore homology of unramified affine Springer fibers for $\mathrm{GL}_n$ under the assumption that they are equivariantly formal and relate them to certain ideals discussed by Haiman. For $n=3$, we give an explicit description of these ideals, compute their Hilbert series, generators and relations, and compare them to generalized $(q,t)$ Catalan numbers. We also compare the homology to the Khovanov-Rozansky homology of the associated link, and prove a version of a conjecture of Oblomkov, Rasmussen, and Shende in this case.
On modelling and stabilizability of current-controlled piezoelectric material

This paper presents a new modelling approach to fully dynamic electromagnetic current-controlled piezoelectric composite models that require a combined Lagrangian. To model the mechanical domains, we consider two different beam theories, i.e. the Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko beam theories. We show that both derived piezoelectric composite models are well-posed. Furthermore, we show through analysis and simulations that both current-controlled piezoelectric composites are asymptotically stabilizable through simple electric feedback, which renders the system passive in a classical way for certain system parameters. In this work, we also review several related piezoelectric beams, actuators, and composite models.
A Microgrid Trading Framework Based on PoC Consensus

In the field of energy Internet, blockchain-based distributed energy trading mode is a promising way to replace the traditional centralized trading mode. However, the current power blockchain platform based on public chain has problems such as low consensus efficiency and waste of computing resources. The energy trading platform based on the consortium chain has problems such as inability to attract users to join and collusion between alliances. We propose a microgrid trading framework based on proof of contribution (PoC). According to the contribution value, we randomly select nodes based on weights through verifiable random functions (VRF) in each round of consensus to form the next round of consensus committee. The proposed electricity trading framework not only improves the consensus efficiency of the blockchain, but also is suitable as an incentive mechanism to attract users to participate in the power blockchain. Experiments show that our framework is effective and the contribution value we designed is reasonable. Through our framework, we can motivate users to participate and make energy transactions more fair.