Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Obesity, Fat Distribution and Risk of Cancer in Women and Men: A Mendelian Randomisation Study

Obesity and upper-body fat distribution are independent, cardiometabolic risk factors but whether they also display comparable associations with cancer risk is unknown. We investigated the causal relationships between body mass index (BMI) and BMI-adjusted waist-to-hip ratio (WHRadjBMI) and cancer risk and searched for potential drivers linking these traits to carcinogenesis using two-sample and multivariable Mendelian randomisation. In women, genetically instrumented higher BMI was associated with lower breast (OR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.81–0.93) and higher endometrial (OR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.55–1.96) cancer risk whilst WHRadjBMI was associated with higher colon cancer risk (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.07–1.42). In men, elevated BMI was associated with lower prostate cancer risk (OR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.85–0.98). Mechanistically, testosterone and insulin mediated 21% and 35%, respectively of the total, genetically determined association of BMI with endometrial cancer risk whilst HDL cholesterol and IGF-1 mediated 40% and 22%, respectively of the association between BMI and breast cancer risk. In men, testosterone mediated 21% of the association between BMI and prostate cancer risk. Colon cancer aside, the total amount of body fat might be more important than its location in modulating cancer susceptibility due to differential effects of obesity and fat distribution on adiposity-associated cancer drivers.
Field programmable gate array/system on a programmable chip-based implementation of model predictive controller

To improve the on-line computational performance of model predictive control (MPC) for fast systems and/or embedded systems, this study proposes a novel scheme for the MPC controller implementation based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) and system on a programmable chip (SOPC) technology. A Nios II processor clocked at 150 MHz is embedded into the FPGA chip. A C/C++ model of the MPC algorithm which is run in the Nios II processor is created. The dual method is adopted to solve the quadratic programming (QP) problem. Based on FPGA and dSPACE®, a rapid prototyping platform is introduced to test and verify the function and computational performance of the MPC controller. Real-time simulation results of controlling a throttle model show that a reasonable size of constrained MPC controller can be implemented on the used RCIII FPGA board.
Neutron Oscillations and the Existence of Massive Neutral Leptons

The neutron-antineutron transition which changes baryon number by two units is considered under some general assumptions. The resultant neutron oscillation time scale is found to vary as M/sup 4/, with M the unification mass scale, if there exists a neutral, massive, Majorana lepton. In this case, the oscillation time scale is comparable to the proton lifetime. However, in the presence of matter or external magnetic fields, the detection of such oscillations, at the present time, seems improbable.
PARAMETRIC EXCITATION OF COUPLED WAVES. II. PARAMETRIC PLASMON--PHOTON INTERACTION.

The general theory of the parametric excitation of coupled waves developed in the preceding paper is applied to the parametric interaction of the electrostatic waves in a plasma with radiation whose frequency is close to the electron plasma frequency. On the basis of the hydrodynamic equations, the coupled equations for the electron plasma wave and ion acoustic wave are derived. The effect of the Landau damping is also considered phenomenologically. Using the coupled wave equations, the expressions for the threshold radiation intensity, the frequency shift at the threshold and the growth rate above threshold are obtained. In particular, the dependence of these quantities on the wave-length of the electrostatic waves is discussed in detail. The results are compared with experiment of Stern and Tzoar.
Carbon nanotube biosensors: The critical role of the reference electrode

Carbon nanotube transistors show tremendous potential for electronic detection of biomolecules in solution. However, the nature and magnitude of the sensing signal upon molecular adsorption have so far remained controversial. Here, the authors show that the choice of the reference electrode is critical and resolves much of the previous controversy. The authors eliminate artifacts related to the reference electrode by using a well-defined reference electrode to accurately control the solution potential. Upon addition of bovine serum albumin proteins, the authors measure a transistor threshold shift of ? 15? mV which can be unambiguously attributed to the adsorption of biomolecules in the vicinity of the nanotube.
Triboelectric Energy-Harvesting Floor Tile

The aim of this study was to investigate the real-world electrical parameters that strongly affected the performance of a triboelectric energy-harvesting floor tile design: triboelectric material thickness, cover plate displacement distance or gap width, and cover plate pressing frequency, so that real-world specifications of the harvesting floor tile can be accurately specified. The structure of the designed triboelectric energy harvester, with readily available polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film and aluminum foil, was simple and hence easy to fabricate, and the material cost was low. A square wave was used to simulate the pressing frequency on the test bench’s cover plate. The results showed that the voltage and current were proportional to the gap width, and the thinner the triboelectric layer thickness, the higher the output voltage and current. A test bench with a 0.2 mm thick PTFE triboelectric layer generated the highest energy output. In a later experiment, a triboelectric energy-harvesting floor tile (TEHFT) prototype was constructed with 0.1 and 0.2 mm thick PTFE layers. We found that at 2 Hz stepping frequency and 0.1 mm PTFE thickness, the optimal load and cumulative energy of the TEHFT were 0.8 MΩ and 3.81 mJ, respectively, while with 0.2 mm PTFE thickness, these two parameters were 1.1 MΩ and 7.69 mJ, respectively. The TEHFT with 0.2 mm thick PTFE layer was able to illuminate a series of 100 to 150 LEDs, sufficient power to drive small electronics and sensor nodes. This discovery provides important data on the structure, material, and contact surface area of a TEHFT that can be adjusted to suit specific requirements of a special function triboelectric energy harvester.
Observations of the structures of deep convections and their environment during the active phase of an madden-julian oscillation event over the equatorial western pacific

The structures of deep convections and their environment were examined during the latter half of the active phase of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), using fine temporal resolution of research vessel observation data. During the intensive observation period, the MJO associated with deep convections passed through the observation area. A strong westerly wind also appeared during the active phase of the MJO. Vertical structures associated with convective activity were detected using lag correlations of atmospheric parameters. Convective activity included deep convections, with a nocturnal maximum and another peak 12 to 18 hours earlier. Active convections associated with the first peak developed in the afternoon and decayed within a few hours. Those active convections transported water vapor to the lower to middle troposphere, making the environment favorable for the more intensive deep convections that developed during the night. Westerly winds were intensified in the lower layers during the deep convections.
Lotmanian Perspective on Complexity in Cultural Systems

This article sets out to discuss the potential of Juri Lotman’s semiotic theory to serve as a ground from where a new understanding of cultural complexity could emerge. While the connection between Lotman and complex systems theory is quite well established, what is yet to be clarified is the ways in which his approach differs from the universally accepted understandings of complex dynamics, i.e., what makes Lotman’s perspective on complexity unique? The article also explores the possibility of developing Lotman’s ideas further in the context of the contemporary paradigm of complex thought with the aim of clarifying the specifics of complexity in cultural systems. In order to fill these aims, the article will first compare Juri Lotman’s ideas with a generally recognized understanding of complexity to delineate a common ground. Then, the paper will address the issue of how studying complexity differs in physical systems and cultural systems, focusing on how this matter has been discussed in semiotics. The final part of the article will propose some initial lines of thoughts regarding how Lotman’s ideas could be advanced further to grasp the phenomenon of complexity in culture.
Wideband Millimeter-Wave Substrate Integrated Suspended Twisted Line for High-Speed Transmission

This article proposes a novel substrate integrated suspended twisted line (SISTL), which can broaden the transmission bandwidth of the transmitted signal and reduce the external radiation of the transmission line through a self-packaging format. Specifically, the wide transmission bandwidth is obtained in this designed structure by combining theoretical analysis and optimizing the variables. The mixed-mode scattering parameters and eye diagrams are employed to measure the quality of the transmitted signal, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed design. Moreover, the results show that the max bandwidth of SISTL is more than 50 GHz, and at this time, the data transmission rate can be up to 32 Gbps with an exemplary eye diagram and a low bite error rate.
Determination of the phase-resolved body force produced by a dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuators are a promissing tool for active flow control applications. In order to determine the time-resolved body force induced by a DBD plasma actuator, which was driven by a 9.5 kHz sinusoidal signal, the flow has to be captured with a high spatial and temporal resolution. For this purpose we applied a laser Doppler velocity profile sensor for the measurements of the two-component velocity field and Lagrangian acceleration. A temporal and spatial resolution of 7.3 µs and 40 µm was achieved. We present the time-resolved local flow behaviours induced by the DBD actuator. Based on these measurement data the time-resolved body force generated by the plasma actuator was derived. Experiments revealed a defined dependence of the force direction on the phase angle of the ac operating voltage. This result is a contribution to the controversy on the temporal behaviour of the body force of plasma actuators.
Genomewide Association Study Identifies Copy Number Variants Associated With Warfarin Dose Response and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in African Americans

The anticoagulant warfarin is commonly used to control and prevent thrombotic disorders, such as venous thromboembolism (VTE), which disproportionately afflicts African Americans. Despite the importance of copy number variants (CNVs), few studies have focused on characterizing and understanding their role in drug response and disease risk among African Americans. In this study, we conduct the first genome‐wide analysis of CNVs to more comprehensively account for the contribution of genetic variation in warfarin dose requirement and VTE risk among African Americans. We used hidden Markov models to detect CNVs from high‐throughput single‐nucleotide polymorphism arrays for 340 African American participants in the International Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Consortium. We identified 11,570 CNVs resulting in 2,038 copy number variable regions (CNVRs) and found 3 CNVRs associated with warfarin dose requirement and 3 CNVRs associated with VTE risk in African Americans. CNVRs 1q31.2del and 6q14.1del were associated with increased warfarin dose requirement (β = 11.18 and 4.94, respectively; Pemp = < 0.002); CNVR 19p13.31del was associated with decreased warfarin dose requirement (β = −1.41, Pemp = 0.0004); CNVRs (2p22.1del and 5q35.1‐q35.2del) were found to be associated with increased risk of VTE (odds ratios (ORs) = 1.88 and 14.9, respectively; Pemp ≤0.02); and CNVR 10q26.12del was associated with a decreased risk of VTE (OR = 0.6; Pemp = 0.05). Modeling of the 10q26.12del in HepG2 cells revealed that this deletion results in decreased fibrinogen gene expression, decreased fibrinogen and WDR11 protein levels, and decreased secretion of fibrinogen into the extracellular matrix. We found robust evidence that CNVRs could contribute to warfarin dose requirement and risk of VTE in African Americans and for 10q26.3del describe a possible pathogenic mechanism.
Implementing a Compression Technique on the Progressive Contextual Excitation Network for Smart Farming Applications

The utilization of computer vision in smart farming is becoming a trend in constructing an agricultural automation scheme. Deep learning (DL) is famous for the accurate approach to addressing the tasks in computer vision, such as object detection and image classification. The superiority of the deep learning model on the smart farming application, called Progressive Contextual Excitation Network (PCENet), has also been studied in our recent study to classify cocoa bean images. However, the assessment of the computational time on the PCENet model shows that the original model is only 0.101s or 9.9 FPS on the Jetson Nano as the edge platform. Therefore, this research demonstrates the compression technique to accelerate the PCENet model using pruning filters. From our experiment, we can accelerate the current model and achieve 16.7 FPS assessed in the Jetson Nano. Moreover, the accuracy of the compressed model can be maintained at 86.1%, while the original model is 86.8%. In addition, our approach is more accurate than ResNet18 as the state-of-the-art only reaches 82.7%. The assessment using the corn leaf disease dataset indicates that the compressed model can achieve an accuracy of 97.5%, while the accuracy of the original PCENet is 97.7%.
The Key Role of Psychosocial Competencies in Evidence-Based Youth Mental Health Promotion: Academic Support in Consolidating a National Strategy in France

Psychosocial competencies, also known as psychosocial skills or life skills, are essential for the prevention and promotion of mental health. Since the beginning of this century, psychosocial competencies have been defined as the ability to develop positive mental health. Most individual or social mental health protection programs are related to psychosocial competencies. A majority of evidence-based programs that develop mental health explicitly aim at developing psychosocial competencies, either exclusively or with complementary approaches. Many of these programs have demonstrated their effectiveness, with lasting effects on reduced anxiety and depression symptoms, violent and risky behaviors, and improved well-being and academic success. Based on international meta-analyses and on 20 years of French national and local experiences, a national strategy to develop psychosocial competencies was launched in France in 2021 for all children from 3 to 25 years old. Two reports on evidence-based psychosocial competence development were published in 2022 by the national agency for public health—Santé publique France (Public Health France)—to support this deployment strategy and develop a common evidence-based culture in health and education. This article presents the French national strategy as an example of a means of increasing evidence-based mental health promotion while discussing the importance of cultural adaptation of such programs.
Simulation and Analysis of Non Inverting and Inverting Mixed Logic 2-to-4 Decoders Using Mentor Graphics 130nm Technology

This paper involves analysis of Modified Mixed Logic Design abbreviated as MMLD which includes following design logics: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor abbreviated to CMOS logic design, Gate Diffusion Input abbreviated as GDI technique, and Dual Value Logic called as DVL. Two logic styles are used in this paper to reduce power dissipation and delay time are fourteen transistor and fifteen transistor decoders. Every situation requires the use of both regular and inverted decoders. In comparison to conventional CMOS logic design, the suggested decoder provides full swing with a smaller number of transistor count. This suggested MMLD decoder is implemented at multiple frequencies with varied supply voltages using Pyxis Mentor Graphics tool at 130nm with PMOS of width $(\mathbf{W}_{\mathbf{n}})=1.4\mathbf{u}$ & length $(\mathbf{L}_{\mathbf{p}})=0.35\mathbf{u}$, NMOS of width $(\mathbf{W}_{\mathbf{n}})=1.4\mathbf{u}$ & length $(\mathbf{L}_{\mathbf{n}})=0.35\mathbf{u}$, Fan-out=1, and $\mathbf{W}_{\mathbf{D}}/\mathbf{W}_{\mathbf{n}}=1$, which exhibits a reduced power dissipation and delay when compared to other conventional logic design styles.
Sedimentation of multiple particles of arbitrary shape

In this paper, we demonstrate that the boundary element method can be used effectively to simulate the sedimentation of a pair of nonspherical particles. Results are reported for tetrahedra, octahedra, cubes, and icosahedra. It was found that the rate of sedimentation of these particles is hardly affected by their shape and orientation. For octahedra, accurate results can be obtained with 24 elements on the surface of each particle. This allows more particles to be modeled and trajectories to be calculated; examples for eight and nine octahedra sedimenting in an unbounded fluid are given.
A graph isomorphism algorithm using signatures computed via quantum walk search model

In this paper, we propose a new algorithm based on a quantum walk search model to distinguish strongly similar graphs. Our algorithm computes a signature for each graph via the quantum walk search model and uses signatures to distinguish non-isomorphic graphs. Our method is less complex than those of previous works. In addition, our algorithm can be extended by raising the signature levels. The higher the level adopted, the stronger the distinguishing ability and the higher the complexity of the algorithm. Our algorithm was tested with standard benchmarks from four databases. We note that the weakest signature at level 1 can distinguish all similar graphs, with a time complexity of O ( N 3.5 ) , ? > which that outperforms the previous best work except when it comes to strongly regular graphs (SRGs). Once the signature is raised to level 3, all SRGs tested can be distinguished successfully. In this case, the time complexity is O ( N 5.5 ) ? > , also better than the previous best work.
Design of a Fuzzy-Based Adaptive Gain Filter for PMSM Servo Systems With Maneuverability

In order to overcome the disadvantages of complexity and nonadaptability of the conventional Kalman filter (KF) in servo systems with maneuverability, a novel fuzzy-based adaptive gain filter (FAGF) is proposed in this article. First, based on the principle of KF, a third-order fixed gain filter model is established to realize the state observation of the permanent magnet synchronous motors servo system. Then, the influence of filter gain on the observation performance of a time-varying system is analyzed by deriving the covariance matrices of the observed states. On this basis, an adjustable gain is designed by fuzzy logic to replace the fixed gain of the conventional observer. The algorithm can adaptively balance the fast and smooth performance of the observer according to the maneuvering conditions of the system. Finally, the superiority of the proposed FAGF is verified by both simulations and experiments.
Nutrient Composition, Antioxidant Activities and Glycaemic Response of Instant Noodles with Wood Ear Mushroom (Auricularia cornea) Powder

Auricularia cornea, or wood ear mushroom (WEM), is an edible macrofungus that is popular as a delicacy and for various biological activities. This study aims to determine the nutrient composition, in vitro antioxidant activities and the effect on postprandial blood glucose in human subjects after consuming instant noodles incorporated with 5% WEM powder. The proximate composition of WEM powder was 9.76% moisture, 2.40% ash, 7.52% protein, 0.15% fat, 37.96% crude fibre, 42.21% carbohydrate, and a total dietary fibre was 69.43%. Meanwhile, the proximate composition of 5% WEM noodles was 10.21% moisture, 2.87% ash, 11.37% protein, 0.16% fat, 5.68% crude fibre and 68.96% carbohydrates, while the total dietary fibre was 13.30%. The mineral content of WEM powder in decreasing order: potassium > calcium > magnesium > sodium > iron > zinc > manganese > copper > selenium > chromium. The incorporation of 5% WEM powder significantly (p < 0.05) reduced carbohydrates and increased the ash, crude fibre and total dietary fibre, antioxidant activities and total phenolic content of the instant noodles. Furthermore, the incorporation of 5% WEM significantly increased potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc content. The addition of WEM powder reduced the postprandial glycaemic response and produced a moderate glycaemic index (GI). In conclusion, the incorporation with WEM powder could be an effective way of developing nutritious and low GI instant noodles, thus, improving nutrient intake and human health.
Using Literacy Strategies to Support a Preservice Teacher Candidate in Becoming an Effective Teacher

This qualitative investigation used a case study approach to collect data to answer this question: Did a preservice teacher candidate enrolled in a content literacy course while seeking initial middle-level teacher certification find literacy strategies useful in the instruction of seventh-grade science students? This study reports findings collected from one preservice teacher candidate, along with course peers, seeking initial certification for middle-level instruction. Data collection included an interview, member checking, and observations. Over the fifteen-week period of instruction in an undergraduate content literacy course, data provided evidence that literacy strategies used by a preservice teacher candidate in the instruction of science for middle-level students provided effective acquisition of instructional content.
A note on Pt-ideals

Let E be a vector lattice in the sense of [2]. Two elements a, b in E are said to be disjoint (written a⊥b) if ′a′^′b′ = 0. For any subset A of E, A⊥ is the set If A is a one point set {a}, then we shall use a⊥ for {a}⊥. A⊥⊥ is denned by A⊥⊥ = {A⊥}⊥. A subset B of E is said to be a polar if it is of the form A⊥ for some subset A of E. It is well known [1] that the set of all polars of E ordered by inclusion forms a Boolean algebra. We shall denote this algebra by B, and M will mean the set of all maximal ideals of B. The following properties of polars will be used in the paper.
Exact propagation of uncertainties in multiplicative models

Abstract Propagation of uncertainties has been widely accepted as an integral component in health risk assessments. Historically, the approximations based on Taylor series expansions have been applied, but they are valid only when the model is linear or the coefficients of variation are small. Another approximation approach is Monte Carlo analysis. It is simpler and more practical for risk management but may become cumbersome if the model involves many variables containing large uncertainties. Recently, the exact log transform technique has been proposed for multiplicative models with lognormal uncertainties. The purpose of this paper is to present a novel exact analytical method as a complementary approach to simulation for general multiplicative models with independent variables, without a constraint on the types of uncertainty distributions. It also provides good estimates of the mean and variance of highly skewed distributions, determination of their existence, and verification of sufficient simulation sample size for simulation method. Two case examples are given to demonstrate the applications.