Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adiponectin Acts as an Endogenous Antithrombotic Factor

Objective—Obesity is a common risk factor in insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. Although hypoadiponectinemia is associated with obesity-related metabolic and vascular diseases, the role of adiponectin in thrombosis remains elusive. Methods and Results—We investigated platelet thrombus formation in adiponectin knockout (APN-KO) male mice (8 to 12 weeks old) fed on a normal diet. There was no significant difference in platelet counts or coagulation parameters between wild-type (WT) and APN-KO mice. However, APN-KO mice showed an accelerated thrombus formation on carotid arterial injury with a He-Ne laser (total thrombus volume: 13.36±4.25×107 arbitrary units for APN-KO and 6.74±2.87×107 arbitrary units for WT; n=10; P<0.01). Adenovirus-mediated supplementation of adiponectin attenuated the enhanced thrombus formation. In vitro thrombus formation on a type I collagen at a shear rate of 250 s−1, as well as platelet aggregation induced by low concentrations of agonists, was enhanced in APN-KO mice, and recombinant adiponectin inhibited the enhanced platelet aggregation. In WT mice, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of adiponectin additionally attenuated thrombus formation. Conclusion—Adiponectin deficiency leads to enhanced thrombus formation and platelet aggregation. The present study reveals a new role of adiponectin as an endogenous antithrombotic factor.
Attribute Construction for E-Mail Foldering by Using Wrappered Forward Greedy Search

E-mail classification is one of the outstanding tasks in text mining, however m ost of the efforts in this topic have been devoted to the detection of spam or junk e-mail, that is, a classific tion problem with only two possible classes: spam and not-spam. In this paper we deal with a differ ent e-mail classification problem known as e-mail foldering which consists on the classification of incoming m ail into the different folders previously created by the user. This task has received less attention and is quite complex due to the (usually large) cardinality of the class variable (the number of folders). In this pa per we try to improve the classification accuracy by looking for new attributes derived from the existing ones by using a data-driven approach. The attribute is constructed by taking into account the type of classifier to be used later and following a wrapper approach guided by a forward greedy search. The experiments car ried out show that in all the cases the accuracy of the classifier is improved when the new attribute is added to the o riginal ones.
Surface energy anisotropy by an improved thermal grooving technique

Abstract A new technique for determining anisotropics of surface energy is described. Measurements of thermally equilibrated grain boundary grooves in wires exhibiting bamboo structure are numerically analysed and an analytical expression describing the complete y-plot is obtained by a least squares fit of a double Fourier series. The method is applied to pure copper wires which have been annealed at 1030°c in dry hydrogen. The principal features of the y-plot are:
Immunodeficiency‐related lymphoproliferative disorders: prospective data from the United Kingdom Children's Cancer Study Group Registry

Summary. Clinical data and biological samples were prospectively collected in 42 children with lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) secondary to organ/bone marrow transplant‐related immunosuppression (30: 11 liver, 10 heart/lung, 8 kidney and 1 bone marrow), other drug‐induced immunosuppression (2), congenital immunodeficiency (8) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐related immune dysfunction (2). Ages ranged from 10 months to 17 years and there were 15 girls. Pathology was centrally reviewed and showed polymorphic features in 5 cases, monomorphic in 23, mixed pattern in 5 patients and 9 other types. Using the Revised European–American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms, 5 were B lymphoblastoid, 24 were high‐grade B and 14 were other subtypes. Using the Pittsburgh classification, 9 were lymphadenopathic, 10 were systemic, 25 were lymphomatous and, with the Murphy grouping for non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 10 were localized and 32 non‐localized. Twenty‐four out of 38 evaluable cases were Epstein–Barr virus positive. Thirty‐five patients were evaluable for clonality; 24 were monoclonal and 11 were polyclonal. Reduced immunosuppression in solid organ transplant patients resulted in resolution of disease in 14/24, which was sustained in 11. Nineteen patients received chemotherapy, 14/18 evaluable responded, which was sustained in 8 cases. Seven out of 29 solid organ transplant and 10/13 other immune‐deficient patients died. In the largest group of patients, solid organ transplants, no significant clinical or biological characteristics that predicted outcome were identified. In the transplant group close monitoring of response during reduction in immunosuppression is essential and the early use of B NHL chemotherapy may be effective.
Chemical Structures of 4-Oxo-Flavonoids in Relation to Inhibition of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL)-Induced Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction

Vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress has been demonstrated to be the initiation step of atherosclerosis (AS), and flavonoids may play an important role in AS prevention and therapy. Twenty-three flavonoids categorized into flavones, flavonols, isoflavones, and flavanones, all with 4-oxo-pyronenucleus, were examined for what structural characteristics are required for the inhibitory effects on endothelial dysfunction induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Human vascular endothelial cells EA.hy926 were pretreated with different 4-oxo-flavonoids for 2 hs, and then exposed to oxLDL for another 24 hs. Cell viability and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were measured, respectively. Then, correlation analysis and paired comparison were used to analyze the structure–activity relationships. Significant correlations were observed between the number of −OH moieties in total or in B-ring and the inhibitory effectson endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, 3′,4′-ortho-dihydroxyl on B-ring, 3-hydroxyl on C-ring and 2,3-double bondwere correlated closely to the inhibitory effects of flavonolson cell viability decrease and lipid peroxidation. 5,7-meta-dihydroxyl group on A-ring was crucial for the anti-inflammatory effects of flavones and isoflavones in endothelial cells. Moreover, the substituted position of B-ring on C3 rather than C2 was important for NO release. Additionally, hydroxylation at C6 position significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of 4-oxo-flavonoids on endothelial dysfunction. Our findings indicated that the effective agents in inhibiting endothelial dysfunction include myricetin, quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, genistein and daidzein. Our work might provide some evidence for AS prevention and a strategy for the design of novel AS preventive agents.
Using Ad-hoc Inter-vehicle Networks For Regional Alerts

Ad-hoc inter-vehicle networks will soon be a reality as cars become equipped with wireless communication system. One use of an inter-vehicle network is to propagate alerts such as accidents and road conditions within a region. Unlike previous work in the area that focuses on instantaneous delivery of an alert to all reachable cars, this work studies the problem where an alert needs to be maintained for a duration of time. In other words, we must also notify cars that become reachable after the alert begins. Maintaining an alert for a duration is important because other cars can then take precautions or change their travel path to avoid the condition. Moreover, we do not require the original initiator of an alert to be stationary and constantly repeating the alert. In this paper, we formally define the problem and its correctness. We provide an efficient protocol that minimizes the number of broadcasts needed for maintaining a regional alert over a period of time, and we evaluate our protocol through simulation.
Optical character recognition using deep recurrent attention model

We address the problem of recognizing multi-digit numbers in optical character images. Classical approaches to solve this problem include separate localization, segmentation and recognition steps. In this paper, an integrated approach to multi-digit recognition from raw pixels to ultimate multi class labeling is proposed by using recurrent attention model based on a spatial transformer model equipped with LSTM to localize digits individually and a subsequent deep convolutional neural network for actual recognition. The proposed method is evaluated on the publicly available SVHN dataset where it achieves enhanced recognition accuracy per individual digits and in complete street numbers. Further evaluation on the cluttered MNIST dataset shows results comparable to state of the art techniques but with simple and computationally effective network architecture.
Complete surgical resection is curative for children with hepatoblastoma with pure fetal histology: a report from the Children's Oncology Group.

PURPOSE Children with pure fetal histology (PFH) hepatoblastoma treated with complete surgical resection and minimal adjuvant therapy have been shown to have excellent outcomes when compared with other patients with hepatoblastoma. We prospectively studied the safety and efficacy of reducing therapy in all children with stage I PFH enrolled onto two consecutive studies. PATIENTS AND METHODS From August 1989 to December 1992, 9 children with stage I PFH were treated on the Intergroup Hepatoblastoma study INT-0098 and were nonrandomly assigned to receive chemotherapy after surgical resection with single-agent bolus doxorubicin for 3 consecutive days. From March 1999 to November 2006, 16 children with stage I PFH enrolled onto Children's Oncology Group Study P9645 were treated with observation after resection. Central confirmation of the histologic diagnosis by a study group pathologist was mandated. The extent of liver disease was assigned retrospectively according to the pretreatment extent of disease (PRETEXT) system and is designated "retro-PRETEXT" to clarify the retrospective group assignment. RESULTS Five-year event-free and overall survival for the 9 patients treated on INT-0098 were 100%. All 16 patients enrolled onto the P9645 study were alive and free of disease at the time of last contact, with a median follow-up of 4.9 years. Retro-PRETEXT for the 21 patients with available data revealed seven patients with stage I disease, 10 patients with stage II disease, and four patients with stage III disease. CONCLUSION Children with completely resected PFH hepatoblastoma can achieve long-term survival without additional chemotherapy. When feasible, surgical resection of hepatoblastoma at diagnosis, without chemotherapy, can identify children for whom no additional therapy is necessary.
Delayed Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Excitotoxic Neuron Death: Cytochrome c Release and a Secondary Increase in Superoxide Production

An increased production of superoxide has been shown to mediate glutamate-induced neuron death. We monitored intracellular superoxide production of hippocampal neurons during and after exposure to the glutamate receptor agonist NMDA (300 μm). During a 30 min NMDA exposure, intracellular superoxide production increased significantly and remained elevated for several hours after wash-out of NMDA. After a 5 min exposure, superoxide production remained elevated for 10 min, but then rapidly returned to baseline. Mitochondrial membrane potential also recovered after wash-out of NMDA. However, recovery of mitochondria was transient and followed by delayed mitochondrial depolarization, loss of cytochrome c, and a secondary rise in superoxide production 4–8 hr after NMDA exposure. Treatment with a superoxide dismutase mimetic before the secondary rise conferred the same protection against cell death as a treatment before the first. The secondary rise could be inhibited by the complex I inhibitor rotenone (in combination with oligomycin) and mimicked by the complex III inhibitor antimycin A. To investigate the relationship between cytochrome c release and superoxide production, human D283 medulloblastoma cells deficient in mitochondrial respiration (ρ− cells) were exposed to the apoptosis-inducing agent staurosporine. Treatment with staurosporine induced mitochondrial release of cytochrome c, caspase activation, and cell death in control and ρ− cells. However, a delayed increase in superoxide production was only observed in control cells. Our data suggest that the delayed superoxide production in excitotoxicity and apoptosis occurs secondary to a defect in mitochondrial electron transport and that mitochondrial cytochromec release occurs upstream of this defect.
Model-based predictive current control for four-switch three-phase inverter-fed IPMSM with an adaptive backstepping complementary PI sliding-mode position controller

In this paper, we propose a model-based predictive current control (MBPCC) scheme for four-switch three-phase (FSTP) inverter-fed interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive systems based on a three-phase extended back-EMF estimation method. First, we estimate the three-phase extended back-EMFs of IPMSM using the information of the stator currents, the q-axis inductance, and the stator voltages. After that, the future stator currents are predicted for four possible switching states generated by the FSTP inverter. By defining a cost function which is related to current errors, one can select a switching state that minimizes the cost function. Then, the future switching state of the FSTP inverter at the next sampling time can be determined to directly control the drive signals of FSTP. In addition, to improve the performance of the closed-loop system, an adaptive backstepping complementary PI sliding-mode (ABCPISM) position controller is proposed. The stability of the closed loop system is proven by Barbalat's lemma. Simulation results are provided to validate the proposed method.
A Heart for Interaction: Physiological Entrainment and Behavioral Coordination in a Collective, Creative Construction Task

Interpersonal physiological entrainment is increasingly argued to underlie rapport, empathy and even team performance. Inspired by the model of interpersonal synergy, we investigate the presence, temporal development, possible mechanisms and impact of interpersonal heart rate entrainment during individual and collective creative LEGO construction tasks. In Study 1 we show how HR entrainment is driven by a plurality of sources including task constraints and behavioral coordination. Generally, HR entrainment is more prevalent in individual trials (involving participants doing the same things) than in collective ones (involving participants taking turns and performing complementary actions). However, when contrasted against virtual pairs, collective trials display more stable HR entrainment supporting the idea that online social interaction plays a role. Furthermore, HR entrainment is found to grow across collective but not individual trials. In Study 2 we further show that in collective trials the dynamics of HR entrainment is statistically predicted by interpersonal speech and building coordination. In Study 3, we explore the relation between HR entrainment, behavioral coordination, and rapport and perceived group competence. While behavioral coordination predicts rapport and group competence, HR entrainment does not. Physiological entrainment, thus, should not be considered a universal unmediated proxy for shared emotions, empathy and collective performance, but should be considered within the constraints and functional demands of the ongoing activity. Behavioral coordination - at least in tasks requiring forms of joint action - seems to be more informative of both physiological entrainment and collective experience.
Triptolide Combined with Radiotherapy for the Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma via NF-κB-Related Mechanism

Advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a poor prognosis because of the lack of an effective treatment. Here we explored the efficiency and the molecular mechanisms of combined treatment with triptolide and ionizing radiation for treating NPC. Human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (CNE) cells were treated with triptolide, ionizing radiation, or triptolide plus ionizing radiation in vitro. Tumor potency was examined in an in vivo CNE cell xenograft mouse model, which was treated as above. Our results demonstrated that triptolide caused a significant reduction in cell growth and colony number, and induced a marked apoptosis that was further enhanced with increasing doses of ionizing radiation. Combination treatment synergistically reduced tumor weight and volume without obvious toxicity. Western blot analysis in vitro and in vivo showed that triptolide induced apoptotic protein Bax expression and inhibited phosph-NF-κB p65, Bcl-2 and VEGF proteins without affecting other NF-κB related protein expression. In conclusion, our findings revealed that triptolide plus ionizing radiation had synergistic anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis effects in NPC via down-regulating NF-κB p65 phosphorylation. The combination therapy may provide novel mechanism insights into inhibit NPC.
Fabrication of dome-shaped diaphragm with circular clamped boundary on silicon substrate

We have successfully fabricated an acoustic transducer built on a 1.5 /spl mu/m thick dome-shaped silicon nitride diaphragm (2,000 /spl mu/m in radius, with a circular clamped boundary on a silicon substrate) with electrodes and piezoelectric ZnO film. The key idea of making such a large 3-D diaphragm is in producing a large spherical etch front (2 mm in radius) in a 2 mm thick silicon substrate by an isotropic silicon etching with a 75 /spl mu/m thick cellophane tape as an etch mask. During the isotropic etching, we observe a self-limiting etching behavior caused by the gas bubbles (etch byproducts) which close the etch window and limit the mass transport of the etchant to the silicon etch surface. This self-limiting etching is advantageously used to control the dome diaphragm dimension. One major advantage of a dome diaphragm is that the diaphragm can effectively release residual stress through volumetric change of its shape, and can easily be wrinkle-free and/or crack-free. The fabricated acoustic transducer has been measured to produce a sound output above 70 dB SPL in 10-200 kHz when the transducer is driven by a 11 V/sub rms/ sinusoidal source.
Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12-15 years old school children of Udaipur, India

Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12-15 years old school children of Udaipur, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 887 subjects aged 12-15 years. The prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs was assessed using dental aesthetic index (World Health Organization, 1997). General information on demographic data was also recorded. Chi-square test, analysis of variance and Scheffe's test were employed for statistical analysis. Results: Malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need was reported among 33.3% of the study subjects. A significant age and gender difference depicting preponderance among younger age group and a male proclivity was experiential. A significant improvement in anterior crowding and largest anterior maxillary irregularity with age was documented. Males had a significantly higher prevalence of anterior crowding, midline diastema and largest anterior maxillary irregularity than females. Conclusions: The prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among school children of Udaipur city, Rajasthan, India was found to be 33.3%. A significant age and gender difference was observed in prevalence of malocclusion, crowding and largest anterior maxillary irregularity. Midline diastema showed a significant gender difference. The baseline information outlined in the present study can be appropriately utilized for the future planning to meet the orthodontic treatment need among the population.
Multi-document arabic text summarisation

In this paper we present our generic extractive Arabic and English multi-document summarisers. We also describe the use of machine translation for evaluating the generated Arabic multi-document summaries using English extractive gold standards. In this work we first address the lack of Arabic multi-document corpora for summarisation and the absence of automatic and manual Arabic gold-standard summaries. These are required to evaluate any automatic Arabic summarisers. Second, we demonstrate the use of Google Translate in creating an Arabic version of the DUC-2002 dataset. The parallel Arabic/English dataset is summarised using the Arabic and English summarisation systems. The automatically generated summaries are evaluated using the ROUGE metric, as well as precision and recall. The results we achieve are compared with the top five systems in the DUC-2002 multi-document summarisation task.
Automated time study of skidders using global positioning system data

Time study is an important research tool used in comparing productivity of forest harvesting systems across varying conditions. Unfortunately, it has been an expensive tool to apply, involving travel and fieldwork by a crew of technicians plus time in the office to reduce raw data to usable information. In the interests of safety and cost reduction, it would be preferable to have a means of performing autonomous time study that did not involve fieldwork and that produced detailed summaries of machine or system performance over long periods of time. Automated tracking of machine productivity is currently possible on advanced harvesting equipment, notably cut-to-length harvesters, but is not for the predominant tree-length logging systems used in the US south. This paper reports on a data acquisition system used to convert movement and positional data collected using a GPS receiver mounted on tree-length harvesting equipment, primarily skidders, into time study information. The conversion was performed in two stages: reduction of raw position data to a set of measurable, simple events; interpretation of sequences of simple events as machine functions. Simple events were extracted from the raw position data along with time and distance accumulated since the previously occurring event, then passed to the interpretive stage of processing. The stream of simple events was evaluated using a pattern-matching system that combined events into machine functions. Patterns were rules specified using a regular expression syntax that defined machine-specific operational characteristics. Field trials with the data acquisition system on skidders showed it was capable of reproducing measurements obtained from field crews. In two tests measuring total skid cycle time (46 cycles), the automated time study system missed identifying fewer than 10% of the cycles, and of those identified, the difference in cycle time averaged less than 2% (5 s). Although small, the bias was consistent (automated system shorter) and significantly different from 0. Elemental time study was also possible. A three-element ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: mcdontp@auburn.edu (T.P. McDonald), fultojp@auburn.edu (J.P. Fulton). 0168-1699/$ – see front matter © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.compag. 2005.01. 004 20 T.P. McDonald, J.P. Fulton / Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 48 (2005) 19–37 cycle (travel empty, grapple, and travel loaded) was identified in 33 of the 36 cycles with differences in element times between clock and automated system measurements being generally less than 10%. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.