Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Platelet gel: applications in dental regenerative surgery.

BACKGROUND Platelet growth factors obtained from platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are used in prosthetic and periodontal regenerative therapy in dentistry. Increased microvascular proliferation in the first 20 days is followed by enhanced osteoblast activity and immature osteoid formation within 3-6 weeks, improving the quality and quantity of newly formed bone tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate, through three-dimensional X-ray monitoring, the amount of bone obtained after bone regeneration treatment with platelet gel from autologous PRP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients eligible for regenerative treatment of atrophic alveolar bone of the maxilla or mandible were studied. The patients' autologous whole blood was collected at the Department of Immunology and Transfusion of San Matteo Hospital for the preparation of platelet gel. The bone at the treated sites was analysed prior to and 4 months after the treatment using the three-dimensional X-ray system Galileos. RESULTS Over a period of 6 years, 133 patients were treated: 304 implants were inserted and there were five cases of failure. The regenerated bone area consisted of histologically immature osteoid tissue composed of thin trabeculae of vital bone and nuclei of osteocytes, associated with fibro-connective tissue. DISCUSSION This co-operative trial between the Transfusion Centre, for standardised production and validation of the platelet gel, and the Dental Surgery room for its application showed that the technique appears effective and safe. Although difficulties were encountered because of the small sample size and the inability to carry out long-term histological controls, the use of small amounts of PRP (5-10%) combined with autologous bone (15-20%) and alloplastic material appears to reduce the need for bone grafting.
Power reduction in on-chip interconnection network by serialization

We explore the use of serialization in on-chip buses for reducing interconnect energy. Serialization reduces wire density and hence the coupling capacitance between adjacent data bits. This enables higher data rates, thus making it possible to send multiple data bits on a single wire within a single clock cycle. Energy reduction is brought about as a result of the decreased coupling capacitance, however this is offset by increased size and number of repeaters to obtain higher speed. A critical delay exists above which serialization is more energy efficient. We find this critical delay for a 2:1 serialization by solving an optimization problem formulated as minimization of power with serialization factor (1 or 2), area, bandwidth and frequency as constraints, and having repeater size, number of repeaters, and wire dimensions as design variables. We find that for delays above 40% of minimum delay for the wire, double pumping is more energy efficient across a range of technology nodes and supply voltages and matches well with a simple analytical derivation.
Appropriate evaluation of HIV prevention interventions: from experiment to full-scale implementation

Background: Preventing HIV infection is still an essential goal in tackling the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Remarkably little is known about how best to reduce HIV incidence because most trials focus on the reduction of risk behaviours and assume an effect on HIV incidence. Objective: To discuss the evidence for the effectiveness of HIV prevention strategies, exploring the different types of evidence available: individual and community randomised controlled trials, and observational studies. Results: Although providing a gold standard for evidence, trials have been limited in their scope and are difficult to interpret and generalise. There have been examples of national level successes in preventing HIV which have been detected in surveillance data and understood through behavioural and modelling studies. These have the advantage of being to scale and indicating effectiveness rather than efficacy. Conclusions: Although randomised trials are important because of their scientific rigor, it is also important that evidence from observational epidemiology is not overlooked. Only if good quality, consistent data are available can the history of the HIV epidemic be appropriately analysed.
Performing and defying gender

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the life and career paths of women higher education administrators in sub-Saharan Africa. Specifically, the study sought to interpret the women’s experiences and identities, through the framework of intersectionality and gender performance, as ones that contributed to advancement within contexts traditionally barred to women. This research illustrates commonalities among the participants, elucidating the faith, family, and education as common constructs in their experiences and as mechanisms that propelled career trajectories. A major finding of the research is that the participants both preformed gender and defied it through the enactment of gender norms and personal agency, creating a threshold for their professional achievement in highly gendered cultures and institutions.
Optical flow-based video completion in spherical image sequences

Spherical cameras are widely used for robot perception because of their full 360 degree fields of view. However, the robot body is always seen in the view, causing occlusions. In this paper, we propose a video completion method which is able to remove occlusions fast and recover the occluded background accurately. We first estimate motion in a 2D dense spherical optical flow field. Then we interpolate the motion in the occlusion regions by solving least square minimization problems using polynomial models. Based on the interpolated motion, we recover the occluded regions by tracing the optical flow trajectory to find the corresponding pixels in other frames and warping them back to fill in the occlusions. We also provide a simple, yet fast solution to effectively remove occlusions in all regions of the image by utilizing the continuity of field of view of spherical images. In experiments, quantitative methods are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method by comparing the results with those from state-of-the-art methods.
Empirical evidence for tidal evolution in transiting planetary systems

Most transiting planets orbit very close to their parent star, causing strong tidal forces between the two bodies. Tidal interaction can modify the dynamics of the system through orbital alignment, circularization, synchronization and orbital decay by exchange of angular moment. Evidence for tidal circularization in close-in giant planet is well known. Here, we review the evidence for excess rotation of the parent stars due to the pull of tidal forces towards spin-orbit synchronization. We find suggestive empirical evidence for such a process in the present sample of transiting planetary systems. The corresponding angular momentum exchange would imply that some planets have spiralled towards their star by substantial amounts since the dissipation of the protoplanetary disc. We suggest that this could quantitatively account for the observed mass-period relation of close-in gas giants. We discuss how this scenario can be further tested and point out some consequences for theoretical studies of tidal interactions and for the detection and confirmation of transiting planets from radial velocity and photometric surveys.
Variation in autumn Migration phenology and energetic Condition at a Stopover Site in the Western United States

* Miller, R. A. , J. D. Carlisle, N. Paprocki, G. S. Kaltenecker, and J. A. Heath. 2015. Annual variation in autumn migration phenology and energetic condition at a stopover site in the western United States. Pp. 177–191 in E. M. Wood and J. L. Kellermann ( editors), Phenological synchrony and bird migration: changing climate and seasonal resources in North America. Studies in Avian Biology (no. 47), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. Abstract. Climate change is having a dramatic effect on many migratory species. Changes in climate may lead to changes in food availability or other proximate cues that affect migratory behavior. We used 13 years (2000–2012) of data on songbird banding and raptor migration counts and captures during autumn migration in the intermountain West to evaluate whether regional temperature or precipitation or hemispheric climate indices predicted autumn migratory timing and energetic condition. We examined overall trends and evaluated the effects of diet and migratory distance on phenology and conditional responses. For the 13-year study period, no temperature, precipitation, or climate index trends were evident. There was no change in migratory timing for all species combined, but trends were apparent when evaluated by diet and migratory distance. The magnitude of these changes varies by diet and by migratory distance, but not as predicted by previous research of autumn timing in other parts of the globe. Longdistance migrants tended to migrate later in autumn, whereas shortdistance migrants exhibited no change in timing. Annual variation in timing was predicted by regional temperature and precipitation and by hemispheric climate indices, and the predicted effects differed by diet and migratory distance. Granivores responded to the broadest set of climate indices, whereas avivores responded to the least. Frugivores responded with the greatest magnitude to annual variation in climate. We did not meas ure food availability but in most cases the predictive effect of climate on migratory timing of birds was consistent with predicted effects on food. Frugivorous birds migrated earlier in warmer years when fruit quality and quantity were expected to be lower. Energetic condition meas urements supported the food hypotheses in some, but not all cases. The different responses of species to annual variation in climate suggest that different species integrate difference cues in their decision to migrate.
Minding the body. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for patients with medically unexplained symptom

Background: The interaction between gPs and patients with persistent medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) is complicated. Research on the perspectives of patients with persistent MUS regarding the care they receive from their gP is lacking. Insight in patients’ experiences and expectations will guide interventions to improve the care for patients with persistent MUS in primary care. Methods: A qualitative approach. 17 Interviews were conducted with patients with persistent MUS. Data were analyzed by an iterative process according to the principles of constant comparative analysis. Results: Patients with persistent MUS in our interview study want to be taken seriously by their gP and fear not receiving high quality care for their symptoms. Feelings of not being taken seriously result in postponing consultations and impairment of a discussion about all aspects of the symptoms. These patients with persistent MUS want prompt treatment to prevent unnecessary suffering. Furthermore they want to be partners in the decision making process. A clear explanation and sufficient consultation time could help. Proactive care by the gP, for example by proposing follow up appointments is highly appreciated. Conclusions: These patients ask for person centered care in which not only the patient as a person is taken seriously, but also the patient’s symptoms. Ongoing guidance within a personal continuing doctor-patient relationship and a patient centered orientation of care might contribute to improve the care for these patients.
Climate Change and Radical Hope

In the face of increasingly dire warnings about the severity of climate change, how can we rationally hope for a solution to the problem? In this paper I argue that although such hope is warranted, it must take the form of what Jonathan Lear calls ‘radical hope. ’ That is, given that the cultural and social changes in store for humanity in the wake of climate catastrophes will likely be very dramatic, we may not be able to retain many of the thick cultural materials we cherish and take for granted. For this reason, the object of our hope must be relatively indeterminate. What should it be? My answer is that we should strive hopefully to retain the ability to flourish as moral agents. I show (a) that this involves constitutively the capacity to recognize and accord positive moral weight to the vital interests of members of the moral community; and (b) that this ability is already being eroded as the climate crisis deepens. I close by suggesting ways this hope can be instantiated in our practices and virtues.
Measuring Aggression on Psychiatric Inpatient Units: Development and Testing of the Calgary General Hospital Aggression Scale

During the pilot component of a study designed to document aggressive incidents on the psychiatric inpatient units and to provide practical information relating to such incidents, it became evident that there were problems with using the Staff Observation Aggression Scale. In order to conduct the proposed study a new scale needed to be developed. The Calgary General Hospital (CGH) Aggression Scale was generated to: (1) capture all types of aggressive behavior, including behaviors that are very mild as well as those that are more severe and (2) reflect behaviors exhibited by all types of patients, not just those that are only a small proportion of this hospital's inpatient population. In addition to an introduction to the CGH Aggression Scale, descriptive data resulting from the use of the new scale and data regarding the reliability of the new scale will be discussed
Standard Testing Conditions and Standard Score Meaning for Handicapped Examinees

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Public Law 93-112) contains several mandates affecting college and graduate admissions testing. A committee appointed by the National Research Council recommended research to resolve conflicts between the mandates of Section 504 and existing measurement technology (Sherman & Robinson, 1982). A 4-year series of studies was undertaken by the Educational Testing Service in response to that recommendation, with sponsorship provided by the College Board, the Graduate Record Examination Board, and the Educational Testing Service (Willingham et al., 1988). The validity and comparability of tests adminstered to handicapped students under nonstandard conditions were examined in terms of reliability, factor structure, differential item functioning, prediction of academic performance, admissions decisions, test content, testing accommodations, and test timing. Except for time limits, tests administered to disabled examinees were found to be largely comparable to those u.
An integrated approach for malicious tweets detection using NLP

Many previous works have focused on detection of malicious user accounts. Detecting spams or spammers on twitter has become a recent area of research in social network. However, we present a method based on two new aspects: the identification of spam-tweets without knowing previous background of the user; and the other based on analysis of language for detecting spam on twitter in such topics that are in trending at that time. Trending topics are the topics of discussion that are popular at that time. This growing micro blogging phenomenon therefore benefits spammers. Our work tries to detect spam tweets in based on language tools. We first collected the tweets related to many trending topics, labelling them on the basis of their content which is either malicious or safe. After a labelling process we extracted a many features based on the language models using language as a tool. We also evaluate the performance and classify tweets as spam or not spam. Thus our system can be applied for detecting spam on Twitter, focusing mainly on analysing of tweets instead of the user accounts.
New delay-dependent stability criteria for continuous-time systems with delay

This paper provides two stability criteria for continuous-time systems where delay is time-varying or delay is constant. For time-varying delay systems, Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional making use of all the kinds of information on delay related terms, the delay-dependent stability conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) are obtained. For constant delay systems, using new Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, less conservative stability conditions are obtained for such systems. It is shown theoretically that the two new stability criteria for time-varying delay and constant delay systems presented in this paper contains less conservative compared to the existing results. Numerical examples demonstrate effectiveness of the new results.
Word Stemming Algorithms and Retrieval Effectiveness in Malay and Arabic Documents Retrieval Systems

Documents retrieval in Information Retrieval Systems (IRS) is generally about understanding of information in the documents concern. The more the system able to understand the contents of documents the more effective will be the retrieval outcomes. But understanding of the contents is a very complex task. Conventional IRS apply algorithms that can only approximate the meaning of document contents through keywords approach using vector space model.
Metabolite profiling of somatic embryos of Cyclamen persicum in comparison to zygotic embryos, endosperm, and testa

Somatic embryogenesis has been shown to be an efficient in vitro plant regeneration system for many crops such as the important ornamental plant Cyclamen persicum, for which this regeneration pathway of somatic embryogenesis is of interest for the vegetative propagation of parental lines as well as elite plants. However, somatic embryogenesis is not commercially used in many crops due to several unsolved problems, such as malformations, asynchronous development, deficiencies in maturation and germination of somatic embryos. In contrast, zygotic embryos in seeds develop and germinate without abnormalities in most cases. Instead of time-consuming and labor-intensive experiments involving tests of different in vitro culture conditions and plant growth regulator supplements, we follow a more directed approach. Zygotic embryos served as a reference and were compared to somatic embryos in metabolomic analyses allowing the future optimization of the in vitro system. The aims of this study were to detect differences in the metabolite profiles of torpedo stage somatic and zygotic embryos of C. persicum. Moreover, major metabolites in endosperm and testa were identified and quantified. Two sets of extracts of two to four biological replicates each were analyzed. In total 52 metabolites were identified and quantified in the different tissues. One of the most significant differences between somatic and zygotic embryos was that the proline concentration in the zygotic embryos was about 40 times higher than that found in somatic embryos. Epicatechin, a scavenger for reactive oxygen species, was found in highest abundance in the testa. Sucrose, the most abundant metabolite was detected in significantly higher concentrations in zygotic embryos. Also, a yet unknown trisaccharide, was significantly enriched in zygotic embryos.
Exploiting geometric translations in TLS based robot localization from landmark bearings

In a previous study we showed that the total least squares (TLS) estimation performance for bearings-only localization is dependent on coordinate shifts. In this paper we extend this study to TLS-based robot localization from landmark bearings. We show that unlike nonlinear least squares estimators the TLS estimation performance is sensitive to where the local Cartesian coordinates are placed in the two-dimensional plane. Thus for a given set of landmark bearing measurements collected by a robot, the TLS performance is influenced by where the local coordinates are placed. The dependence of the TLS estimation bias on local coordinate translations is due to the dependence of TLS perturbations on local coordinate translations. We observe that the TLS estimate performs almost as well as the maximum likelihood estimate as the origin of the local coordinates is placed sufficiently away from the landmarks.
The Chill Parameter: Goose Bumps and Shivers as Promising Measures in Emotion Research

STRONG EMOTIONAL FEELINGS SEEM TO INCLUDE physiological and motor responses, as well as the cognitive appraisal of a stimulus (Scherer, 2004). Individuals may thus reach emotional peaks at different points in time. "Chills" (goose bumps or shivers) offer useful indications of individual emotional peaks (Panksepp, 1995). Reported chills of 95 participants in response to seven music pieces are presented. Subjective intensity as well as physiological arousal——Skin Conductance Response (SCR) and Heart Rate (HR)——revealed peaks during chill episodes. A possible influence of breathing was excluded. Familiarity with the music had a significant impact on chills. Age, gender, and music education showed no influence on chill frequency. In an exploratory approach, the influence of active music listening (i.e., singing along, lip syncing, etc.) could not be confirmed. These results suggest that chills are a reliable parameter, synchronizing subjective feeling with the physiological arousal component, without being influenced by motor responses.
Compensatory gene amplification restores fitness after inter‐species gene replacements

Genes introduced by gene replacements and other types of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) represent a significant presence in many archaeal and eubacterial genomes. Most alien genes are likely to be neutral or deleterious upon arrival and their long‐term persistence may require a mechanism that improves their selective contribution. To examine the fate of inter‐species gene replacements, we exchanged three native S. typhimurium genes encoding ribosomal proteins with orthologues from various other microbes. The results show that replacement of each of these three genes reduces fitness to such an extent that it would provide an effective barrier against inter‐species gene replacements in eubacterial populations. However, these fitness defects could be partially ameliorated by gene amplification that augmented the dosage of the heterologous proteins. This suggests that suboptimal expression is a common fitness constraint for inter‐species gene replacements, with fitness costs conferred by either a lower expression level of the alien protein compared with the native protein or a requirement for an increased amount of the alien protein to maintain proper function. Our findings can explain the observation that duplicated genes are over‐represented among horizontally transferred genes, and suggest a potential coupling between compensatory gene amplification after HGT and the evolution of new genes.
What Drives Immediate and Ongoing Word of Mouth?

Word of mouth (WOM) affects diffusion and sales, but why are certain products talked about more than others, both right after consumers first experience them and in the months that follow? This article examines psychological drivers of immediate and ongoing WOM. The authors analyze a unique data set of everyday conversations for more than 300 products and conduct both a large field experiment across various cities and a controlled laboratory experiment with real conversations. The results indicate that more interesting products get more immediate WOM but, contrary to intuition, do not receive more ongoing WOM over multiple months or overall. In contrast, products that are cued more by the environment or are more publicly visible receive more WOM both right away and over time. Additional analyses demonstrate which promotional giveaways in WOM marketing campaigns are associated with increased WOM. overall, the findings shed light on psychological drivers of WOM and provide insight into designing more effective WOM campaigns.