Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal Emission by Particles in NGC 7027

It is shown that the strong infrared continuum in the planetary nebula NGC 7027 can be quantitatively understood in terms of emission from particles within the nebula. Calculations for graphite flakes match the observations very well, although this argument does not preclude other particles having infrared absorptivities similar to graphite. The infrared energy arises from the absorption of nebular Lyman-a photons, the intensity of which is calculated, with rather good agreement for both the frequency distribution and the expected level of the infrared emission. Other effects due to the presence of particles in the planetary nebulae are discussed.
Study on the Evolution Characteristics of Two-Zone Failure Mode of the Overburden Strata under Shallow Buried Thick Seam Mining

There are risks of water burst and sand inrush in the working face of the Northwest Mining Area in China. Based on the 22407 working face of Halagou coal mine, the evolution characteristics and mechanism of a two-zone failure mode of the overburden strata in shallow buried thick seam mining were thoroughly analysed using physical modelling, theoretical analysis, on-site observation, and other research methods. A method to calculate the overburden fissure width was also proposed. The analysis results indicated that the evolution of a two-zone failure mode of the overburden strata mainly includes four stages: gestation, formation, transformation, and stabilization. In the transformation stage, a fracture zone is transformed into a caving zone. The caving zone and fracture zone are separately transferred to the working face direction based on the structure type of key strata of voussoir beam and cantilever beam after the heights of the two zones stabilize, and the “two-belt” cracks are mainly composed of inclined and horizontal fissures. Based on this study, the mechanism of the two-zone failure mode of overburden strata development was analysed according to the mining height and overburden strata key layer structure. This paper serves as a guide for safe and green mining on shallow buried thick seams.
A FORECASTING METHOD FOR TIME SERIES WITH FRACTAL GEOMETRY AND ITS APPLICATION

This paper deals with the prediction of time series that have fractal geometry. We also describe the prediction error, the estimation of fractal dimension of the times series, and several applications. First, we assume that the time series is represented by a convolution of the input signal and the impulse response function, expanded by using a set of scaling functions. Then, a prediction method is derived by using the fact that the impulse response retains self-similarity even if the time scale is expanded, due to the fractal geometry of the time series. We demonstrate the ability of the prediction method for various fractal dimensions by showing that the one-step-ahead prediction error is very small, and also that the n-step-ahead prediction error can be made small by using adaptive correction of the data in which the prediction is successively used as an observation. We also describe the estimation of the fractal dimension by using the covariance matrix and the shape of the spectrum of the time series. As an application, the option price of the stock index estimated by the method is compared to the price obtained by conventional estimation, and our strategy is shown to give a greater profit. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 82(3): 31–39, 1999
Shape and Shape Theory

Shapes and Shape Spaces. The Global Structure of Shape Spaces. Computing the Homology of Cell Complexes. A Chain Complex for Shape Spaces. The Homology Groups of Shape Spaces. Geodesics in Shape Spaces. The Riemannian Structure of Shape Spaces. Induced Shape--Measures. Mean Shapes and the Shape of the Means. Visualising the Higher Dimensional Shape Spaces. General Shape Spaces. Appendix. Bibliography. Index.
The Nonexistence of Shearlet-Like Scaling Multifunctions that Satisfy Certain Minimally Desirable Properties and Characterizations of the Reproducing Properties of the Integer Lattice Translations of a Countable Collection of Square Integrable Functions

In Chapter 1, we introduce three varieties of reproducing systems—Bessel systems, frames, and Riesz bases—within the Hilbert space context and prove a number of elementary results, including qualitative characterizations of each and several results regarding the combination and partitioning of reproducing systems. In Chapter 2, we characterize when the integer lattice translations of a countable collection of square integrable functions forms a Bessel system, a frame, and a Riesz basis. In Chapter 3, we introduce composite wavelet systems and generalize several well-known classical wavelet system results—including those regarding pointwise values of the Fourier transform of the wavelet and scaling function and those regarding dependencies on the multiresolution analysis defining properties—to the composite case. Two corollaries of these results are the nonexistence of composite scaling multifunctions of Haar-type, when the composite dilation group is infinite, and the nonexistence of classical multiwavelets, when the dilation matrix is integral and has determinant 1 in
Time series regression with a unit root

This paper studies the random walk in a general time series setting that allows for weakly dependent and heterogeneously distributed innovations. It is shown that simple least squares regression consistently estimates a unit root under very general conditions in spite of the presence of autocorrelated errors. The limiting distribution of the standardized estimator and the associated regression t-statistic are found using functional central limit theory. New tests of the random walk hypothesis are developed which permit a wide class of dependent and heterogeneous innovation sequences. A new limiting distribution theory is constructed based on the concept of continuous data recording. This theory, together with an asymptotic expansion that is developed in the paper for the unit root case, explain many of the interesting experimental results recently reported in Evans and Savin (1981, 1984).
Local Existence of the Solution to the Initial-Boundary Value Problem in Nonlinear Thermodiffusion in Micropolar Medium

We prove a theorem about local existence (in time) of the solution to the first initial-boundary value problem for a nonlinear hyperbolic-parabolic system of eight coupled partial differential equations of second order describing the process of thermodiffusion in a three-dimensional micropolar medium. At first, we prove existence, uniqueness and regularity of the solution to this problem for the associated linearized system by using the Faedo-Galerkin method and semi-group theory. Next, we prove (basing on this theorem) an energy estimate for the solution to the linearized system by applying the method of Sobolev spaces. At last, by using the Banach fixed point theorem we prove that the solution of our nonlinear problem exists and is unique.
Negative Transgression and Its Relations to the Traits of Personality and Preferences of Values in Men with Bipolar Disorder 1

Abstract The study aimed to test a psychological dimension – negative transgression, The construct is defined as transcending one’s barriers in destruction against oneself or others. Negative transgression was investigated in the context of personality and values as a motivational mechanism. Participants recruited for the clinical group were patients with bipolar disorder 1 (n=40), who participated in the outpatient treatment program. On the other hand, people from the control group (n=40) were recruited taking into account three aspects. These people had no psychiatric background, of similar age and of the same sex. Three psychological measures were used to assess the variables: the Alternative and Negative Behaviors List for negative transgression, Big Five Inventory for personality traits, and Portrait Values Questionnaire to assess values. The results partially support the hypotheses that people with BD1 show high levels of negative transgression and neuroticism and conservation and low levels of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience, self-enhancement. Subjects with BD1 show intentionality in expanding their personal space in a negative way. The aim of psychological help would be to reorient these people toward transcending themselves (transgression) in a positive way, without detriment to their own or anyone else’s health.
Symbiotic Bacteria System of Locusta migratoria Showed Antifungal Capabilities against Beauveria bassiana

The stability of symbiotic flora is an important indicator of the health of an organism. Symbiotic bacteria have been proven to be closely involved in the immune process of organisms. The pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana was studied in relation to symbiotic bacteria on the surface and inside of the migratory locust (Locusta migratoria). The results showed that the surface disinfection of test locusts contributed to the pathogenicity of B. bassiana to locusts. Most of the surface bacteria of L. migratoria caused some inhibition of B. bassiana growth, and LM5-4 (Raoultella ornithinolytica), LM5-2 (Enterobacter aerogenes), and LM5-13 (Citrobacter freundii) showed the highest inhibitory effect on the growth of B. bassiana. The inoculation of locusts with additional surface symbiotic bacteria reduced the virulence of B. bassiana to L. migratoria. Infection by different strains of B. bassiana caused similar changes in the symbiotic flora of migratory locusts. The inoculation of locusts with additional intestinal symbiotic bacteria (Enterobacter sp.) reduced the virulence of B. bassiana to L. migratoria. These findings illustrate the effect of bacterial communities on fungal infections in L. migratoria when seen from the perspective of ecology in a microenvironment. The active antifungal substances of such bacteria and their mechanisms of action need further study.
Bayesian Modeling with Spatial Curvature Processes

Spatial process models are widely used for modeling point-referenced variables arising from diverse scientific domains. Analyzing the resulting random surface provides deeper insights into the nature of latent dependence within the studied response. We develop Bayesian modeling and inference for rapid changes on the response surface to assess directional curvature along a given trajectory. Such trajectories or curves of rapid change, often referred to as \emph{wombling} boundaries, occur in geographic space in the form of rivers in a flood plain, roads, mountains or plateaus or other topographic features leading to high gradients on the response surface. We demonstrate fully model based Bayesian inference on directional curvature processes to analyze differential behavior in responses along wombling boundaries. We illustrate our methodology with a number of simulated experiments followed by multiple applications featuring the Boston Housing data; Meuse river data; and temperature data from the Northeastern United States.
Graph-Augmented Social Translation Model for Next-Item Recommendation

Next-item recommendation has been a hot research topic in academia and industry, which aims to help users discover the next interesting item. In this article, we propose a novel solution, namely graph-augmented social translation model (GAST), which investigates the utility of dynamic social influence for the task of next-item recommendation. Specifically, we introduce a gated graph convolution module to better model long-term user preference. Furthermore, we design a cogating module to capture dynamic patterns at both sequential level and social level. In addition, a social-enhanced translation mechanism is devised to measure the intensity of user–item relationships. Extensive experiments under different recommendation scenarios demonstrate the rationality and effectiveness of our proposed GAST method over several state-of-the-art methods.
Locomotor–Respiratory Entrainment upon Phonated Compared to Spontaneous Breathing during Submaximal Exercise

Recently, increased attention to breathing techniques during exercise has addressed the need for more in-depth study of the ergogenic effects of breathing manipulation. The physiological effects of phonation, as a potential breathing tool, have not yet been studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the respiratory, metabolic and hemodynamic responses of phonated exhalation and its impact on locomotor–respiratory entrainment in young healthy adults during moderate exercise. Twenty-six young, healthy participants were subjected to peak expiratory flow (PEF) measurements and a moderate steady cycling protocol based on three different breathing patterns (BrP): spontaneous breathing (BrP1), phonated breathing pronouncing “h” (BrP2) and phonated breathing pronouncing “ss” (BrP3). The heart rate, arterial blood pressure, oxygen consumption, CO2 production, respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (VT), respiratory exchange ratio and ventilatory equivalents for both important respiratory gasses (eqO2 and eqCO2) were measured (Cosmed, Italy) simultaneously during a short period of moderate stationary cycling at a predefined cadence. To evaluate the psychological outcomes, the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded after each cycling protocol. The locomotor–respiratory frequency coupling was calculated at each BrP, and dominant coupling was determined. Phonation gradually decreased the PEF (388 ± 54 L/min at BrP2 and 234 ± 54 L/min at BrP3 compared to 455 ± 42 L/min upon spontaneous breathing) and affected the RR (18.8 ± 5.0 min−1 at BrP2 compared to 22.6 ± 5.5 min−1 at BrP1 and 21.3 ± 7.2 min−1 at BrP3), VT (2.33 ± 0.53 L at BrP2 compared to 1.86 ± 0.46 L at BrP1 and 2.00 ± 0.45 L at BrP3), dominant locomotor–respiratory coupling (1:4 at BrP2 compared to 1:3 at BrP1 and BrP2) and RPE (10.27 ± 2.00 at BrP1 compared to 11.95 ± 1.79 at BrP1 and 11.95 ± 1.01 at BrP3) but not any other respiratory, metabolic or hemodynamic measures of the healthy adults during moderate cycling. The ventilatory efficiency was shown to improve upon dominant locomotor–respiratory coupling, regardless of BrP (eqO2 = 21.8 ± 2.2 and eqCO2 = 24.0 ± 1.9), compared to the other entrainment coupling regimes (25.3 ± 1.9, 27.3 ± 1.7) and no entrainment (24.8 ± 1.5, 26.5 ± 1.3), respectively. No interaction between phonated breathing and entrainment was observed during moderate cycling. We showed, for the first time, that phonation can be used as a simple tool to manipulate expiratory flow. Furthermore, our results indicated that in young healthy adults, entrainment, rather than expiratory resistance, preferentially affected ergogenic enhancement upon moderate stationary cycling. It can only be speculated that phonation would be a good strategy to increase exercise tolerance among COPD patients or to boost the respiratory efficiency of healthy people at higher exercise loads.
Swimming holonomy principles, exemplified with a Euler fluid in two dimensions

The idealized problem of swimming—the self-propulsion phenomenon whereby a cyclic change of shape of a ‘swimmer’ produces a net movement—is well studied for the case of a very viscous incompressible liquid. The opposite limit of zero viscosity, the ideal or ‘Euler’ fluid, has also received some attention. There remain to be articulated and explored some points of principle, set here in the context of the Euler fluid in two dimensions, though partly common to both limits and to both two and three dimensions. (i) Perhaps surprisingly, both limits are purely geometric effects, ‘holonomies’, not dependent on any timings or rates, but only on the sequence of shapes adopted by the swimmer. (ii) A principle fully determining swimming in a Euler fluid is simply stated: the fluid moves at every moment so as to minimize the sum of its and the swimmer's kinetic energy. (iii) Euler swimming would be solvable explicitly were it not for the standard impasse of potential theory: to find the boundary normal derivative of a function obeying Laplace's equation given its value around the boundary (or vice versa). As usual more analytical progress is possible in two dimensions (by complexifying) than three, but full tractability still requires the extreme of slight, rapid swimming strokes, and a simple example is given. In both limits, for a non-symmetrical swimming stroke, a rotation or orientation holonomy accompanies the translational one—the swimmer has turned somewhat as well as translated. The whole holonomy is non-Abelian (the order of the shape sequence matters), but (iv) for two dimensions the rotation part is Abelian. A benefit (albeit cosmetic) is that the one-stroke displacement and turning can be written down as a complex line integral. (v) Another benefit is that while Stokes's theorem (in shape space) is normally sacrificed in non-Abelian holonomies, a partial recovery of the theorem is possible in two-dimensional swimming. To illustrate this last principle, a completely solvable case is analyzed: that of a Euler fluid where the swimmer's shape is fixed but its internal mass distribution varies cyclically.
The Scintillation Mechanism in Thallium Doped Alkali Halides

In the scintillation mechanism for alkali iodides doped with thallous iodide: 1. Most of the luminescence, and possibly all of it, is from recombination and therefore energy transfer is predominantly from charge transport to thallium. 2. There are two modes of recombination at thallium which differ in the sequence of charge trapping at Tl+. The electron may be trapped before a mobile hole recombines with it, or the hole may be trapped before recombination with a free electron. 3. Thermal hole diffusion is an important process at room temperature and determines which mode a recombination event follows. 4. Both modes of recombination are active. 5. There is non-thermal hole trapping which is a significant part of the scintillator mechanism.
Ascochyta Blight in Chickpea: An Update

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), one of the most cultivated legumes worldwide, is crucial for the economy of several countries and a valuable source of nutrients. Yields may be severely affected by Ascochyta blight, a disease caused by the fungus Ascochyta rabiei. Molecular and pathological studies have not yet managed to establish its pathogenesis, since it is highly variable. Similarly, much remains to be elucidated about plant defense mechanisms against the pathogen. Further knowledge of these two aspects is fundamental for the development of tools and strategies to protect the crop. This review summarizes up-to-date information on the disease’s pathogenesis, symptomatology, and geographical distribution, as well as on the environmental factors that favor infection, host defense mechanisms, and resistant chickpea genotypes. It also outlines existing practices for integrated blight management.
Towards glitch pedagogy

ABSTRACT Borrowing from computing via media art, we introduce the concept of ‘glitch’ pedagogy to insert unexpected tension into the marketing curriculum, offering learners a glimpse into the underlying ideological structures of neoliberal higher education and opening up spaces of resistance and affirmation. We draw on neoliberal, marketised educational discourses and the bureaucratic systems they engender to illustrate glitches within the employability agenda, providing students conceptual space to leverage the contradictions and inequalities implicit in this agenda. As a genre of post-critical pedagogy, we argue that glitch pedagogy can move us beyond some of the noted dualisms of critical pedagogy to recognise the complexity of students’ emotional investments, in particular socio-cultural and political positions by way of affective relations.
Elevating Thematic Branding through Social Media Content: A Visual Concept of Kayutangan Heritage's Instagram Feed

Tourism is one of the main economic sectors of the nation. Malang Raya is a region with various tourism destinations. Malang City, in particular, has announced and started developing a thematic tourism destination called Kayutangan Heritage, located in Kayutangan area. The smart tourism concept, based on integrated communication and technology and tourism has been adopted by several countries, including Indonesia. Through the concept, tourism organizations and institutions utilize technological innovation to elevate attractions and enrich tourism experiences for the visitors, both domestic and international. This paper aimed to rebrand the visual concept and social media content of the Kayutangan Heritage, especially on Instagram to be more appealing and in line with the destination character. Design thinking and data collection methods through online questionnaire (n=32) were used. The respondents were young adults/university students in Malang chosen using purposive technique. A new visual and content concept for Kayutangan Heritage's Instagram account was created to elevate the Heritage image and brand. Providing the new visual content and brand is hoped to support the development of tourism destination of Malang and moving forward to a ‘smart’ approach through optimization of technology features and application. The proposed design presented an informative, communicative, relevant, unique, fresh, and modern impression for the thematic brand of Kayutangan Heritage. Informational and educational content relevant to the brand are necessary to support the social media brand and content.
Collaborative Concept Mapping: A Study of Group Work Satisfaction in Vocational Higher Education

Collaboration is gaining traction in today's educational environment. Thus, teachers' primary concern is assisting students in experiencing group knowledge collaboration. As online education continues to grow in popularity, there is an increasing need to promote and understand collaborative learning processes. Its success is contingent upon implementing online collaborative learning strategies that foster critical thinking abilities while also providing meaningful collaborative learning opportunities. Collaborative concept mapping is one tool that could be used to foster student collaboration. Rather than creating and visualizing ideas individually, collaborative concept mapping involves two or more students working collaboratively to create one or more concept maps. In collaborative learning, interactions between learners are critical sources of idea generation. The purpose of this study is to examine students’ satisfaction with implementing the strategy in Second Language Reading class. The recent study advances our understanding of how to effectively use collaborative teaching tools in the classroom and improve student learning through group collaboration. The study's findings indicate that students demonstrated positive attitudes toward group collaboration, as evidenced by collaborative concept mapping. In addition, the collaborative learning processes embedded in concept mapping learning platforms support and facilitate reading comprehension achievement, resulting in successful foreign language learning for higher education students. The interaction in collaborative concept mapping, lacking in individual concept mapping, has facilitated individual and group knowledge building. As a result, implementing this strategy may benefit both group and individual learning.
Separable Extensions and Centralizers of Rings

We have introduced in [9] a type of separable extensions of a ring as a generalization of the notion of central separable algebras. Unfortunately it was unsuitable to call such extensions ‘central5 as Sugano pointed out in [15] (Example below Theorem 1.1). Some additional properties of such extensions were given in [15]. Especially Propositions 1. 3 and 1. 4 in [15] are interesting and suggested us to consider the commutor theory of separable extensions.