Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUATING FLUORIDE CONTAMINATION IN GROUND WATER OF DHARMAPURI DISTRICT IN TAMILNADU

Water is the one of the most precious resource in the earth. In that groundwater is the major resource of fresh water to all living organism. Most of the rural and urban population uses groundwater for domestic purposes. The people living in rural areas are more exposed since there is no centrally supplied treated water in these areas. Instead, groundwater accessed through dugwells, is their only water supply. Many people are not at all aware of the water borne diseases affecting their health due to high concentration of fluoride in drinking water which causes dental and skeletal fluorosis to humans, Based on (WHO, 2008) Standard Fluoride beyond desirable amounts (0.6 to 1.5 mg/l) in groundwater causes serious health hazards to humans and irreversible damage to plants. This study provide an overview of the fluoride content in drinking water and the extent of human exposure to different level of fluoride contamination in the blocks of Dharmapuri district, Tamilnadu. Most of people in this area suffer from dental & skeletal flurosis such as mottling of teeth, osteosclerosis of pelvis and vertebral column, chronic joint pain.
Evidence for long‐lived subduction of an ancient tectonic plate beneath the southern Indian Ocean

Ancient subducted tectonic plates have been observed in past seismic images of the mantle beneath North America and Eurasia, and it is likely that other ancient slab structures have remained largely hidden, particularly in the seismic‐data‐limited regions beneath the vast oceans in the Southern Hemisphere. Here we present a new global tomographic image, which shows a slab‐like structure beneath the southern Indian Ocean with coherency from the upper mantle to the core‐mantle boundary region—a feature that has never been identified. We postulate that the structure is an ancient tectonic plate that sank into the mantle along an extensive intraoceanic subduction zone that migrated southwestward across the ancient Tethys Ocean in the Mesozoic Era. Slab material still trapped in the transition zone is positioned near the edge of East Gondwana at 140 Ma suggesting that subduction terminated near the margin of the ancient continent prior to breakup and subsequent dispersal of its subcontinents.
Effect of Eighteeth Ultra X Ultrasonic activator device versus Syringe irrigation technique on reduction of Enterococcus Faecalis count inside the root canal space (An in-vitro study)

Aim: This in-vitro study aimed to compare the effect of Eighteeth Ulta X Ultrasonic activator device and syringe irrigation using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) (5.25%) on reducing Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) count in the root canal space. Materials and Methods: Thirty single rooted mandibular premolars were selected for this study. Root canals were prepared using Edge File-X7 (by EDGE ENDO) and enlarged to size 40/04 taper. After sterilization, all teeth were contaminated using E. faecalis suspension. The teeth were divided into two groups: Group (I) (non-activation group, syringe irrigation technique using 3 ml syringe with 30 gauge needle) and Group (II) (activation group using Ultra X Ultrasonic activator device). Three samples of the Colony Forming Units (CFU) were taken for both groups. First sample before any intervention and named (Group I, Sample 1(GIS1) and Group II, Sample 1 (GIIS1). Second sample after chemo-mechanical preparation and named (Group I, Sample 2 (GIS2) and Group II, Sample 2 (GIIS2). Third sample with no activation of irrigant and named (Group I, Sample 3 (GIS3) and with activation of irrigant and named (Group II, Sample 3 (GIIS3). Data were statistically analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk's test, Levene's test and independent t-test (p<0.05). Results: There was a significant reduction of E.faecalis count at Sample 3 in Group II in comparison to Group I p<0.001). Conclusions: It was concluded that the use of Ultra X Ultrasonic activator device significantly eliminated bacterial count in the root canal space in comparison to non-activation, irrigating syringe technique.
Design and simulation of rectangular patch microstrip antenna with inset feed for ADS-B system

The ADS-B system serves to track the location of aircraft. Ground station in the ADSB system is a receiver system that captures aircraft location signals using frequency 1090. Antenna is a key device for ADS-B communication. This paper is intended to develop a square microstrip antenna that has a working frequency of 1090 MHz. The material used is FR4 substrate, and the dielectric material is chopper. The antenna design is simulated using Matlab's Antenna Toolbox with its various conveniences. The simulation results of the patch antenna design with inset feed optimization resulted in a working frequency close to 1090 MHz, a VSWR value close to 1 and a Gain of 9.59 dBi.
ANALYSIS OF SOURCE MECHANISMS OF THE 1979 COYOTE LAKE EARTHQUAKE SEQUENCE: EVIDENCE FOR THAT THE RUPTURE PROCESS OF EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IS SIMPLER THAN THAT IN CHINESE MAINLAND

A rather orderly development in time and space of the 1979 Coyote Lake, California, earthquake sequence was analyzed in detail. Fault plane solutions (FPS) of 34 earthquakes in the sequence were obtained respectively for three cases. Reliability of first motions in observation report of U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) used in this work was analyzed. Equivalency to extract FPS of the crustal velocity model of Seismographic Station of University of California, Berkeley, and that of USGS was demonstrated. Compared with the 1976 Tangshan earthquake sequence, the Coyote Lake sequence shows four main features:1.The epicenters display a regular narrow belt which is closely related to fault;2.Contradictory first motions appeared in FPS are less;3.There is a good consistency between FPS;4.There is no obvious variation of FPS with time.All these indicate that the features of Coyote Lake sequence are simpler than those of Tangshan sequence. It seems that the Coyote Lake sequence is a planar fracture process occurred along Calaveras fault and the Tangshan sequence is a cubic rupture process occurred in a certain volume. The features of Tangshan earthquake sequence are representative in Chinese Mainland. If the features of Coyote Lake sequence are representative in California, then these differences between the two sequences can be regarded as an evidence for that the occurrence environment and process of earthquakes in California are all simpler than those in Chinese Mainland.
Agile Effort Estimation: Comparing the Accuracy and Efficiency of Planning Poker, Bucket System, and Affinity Estimation methods

Published studies on agile effort estimation predominantly focus on comparisons of the accuracy of different estimation methods, while efficiency comparisons, i.e. how much time the estimation methods consume was not in the forefront. However, for practical use in software development, the time required can be a very important cost factor for enterprises, especially when the accuracy of different agile effort estimations is similar. In this study, we thus try to advance the current standard accuracy comparison between methods by introducing efficiency i.e. time it takes to use a method as an additional dimension of comparison. We conduct this comparison between three agile effort estimation methods that were not yet compared in the literature, namely Planning Poker, Bucket System and Affinity Estimation. For the comparison, we used eight student teams with 29 students that had to use all the effort estimation methods during the course where they had to finish a programming project in 3 weeks. The results indicate that after the students get used to using the different methods the accuracy between them is not statistically significantly different, however, the efficiency is. On average Bucket System and Affinity Estimation methods take half as much time as Planning Poker.
Review of the Implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Tourism on the Manado Bay

Sustainable development of the Manado Bay travel coast is essential. Tour coast is one of the foundations of sustainable tourism and has significantly aided in development. The standards of environmental sustainability for coastal tourism must be observed if development is to continue holding fast and providing its greatest contribution. must be planned using the accepted standards of sustainable development. Community participation plays a key role in determining if sustainable ecotourism development criteria are met. This study intends to categorise the city of Manado's coastal tourism patterns from a sustainable tourism development perspective. The research location was carried out on the coast of the Manado bay. Descriptive quantitative research is the methodology employed. According to the study's findings, there were various types of coast and beach. Manado Bay has a variety of tour types, including tours of the beach, the underwater world, culinary travel, and tourism trading. A draught application for sustainable tourism was identified and applied to four locations in a sequential manner with the help of the public. The findings of the study demonstrate that the tourist area dive, tour trade, tour beaches, and tour culinary are where the public's opinion of implementation indicators is most concerned. Understand the terms of the proposed tourist sustainability demonstration that is being held along the Manado Bay coast.
Microzoning of site response parameters in the towns of Dimona and Bet Shean (Israel)

Due to their proximity to the seismically active Dead Sea Fault system, the towns of Dimona and Bet Shean are considered high seismic risk zones. An investigation of the possible site amplification effects, using ambient noise surveys, was carried out at 275 sites in Dimona and 210 sites in Bet Shean. The soil sites exhibit H/V peak amplitudes ranging from 2 to 7 in the frequency range 1.0 Hz to 10 Hz. While integrating data from the extensive ambient noise measurements, information about the regional geology and S-wave velocity profiles derived from a few refraction lines enabled the construction of multi-layer soil-column models that yield analytical site response functions which are consistent with the observed H/V spectral ratios. We divided the study areas into zones and characterized each of them with a generalized soil column model. Thus the seismic hazard zonation maps obtained are closely tied to site effects actually measured, and therefore may lead to realistic site-specific seismic hazard assessments in these towns, in spite of the paucity of borehole, refraction data and other subsurface information.
Recovery potential modelling of Silver Chub (Macrhybopsis storeriana) in Ontario

The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) has assessed the Great Lakes - Upper St. Lawrence population of Silver Chub ( Macrhybopsis storeriana ) as Endangered , due to a substantial decline in abundance (COSEWIC 2012). Here we present population modelling to assess population sensitivity, and determine population-based recovery targets and allowable harm in support of a recovery potential assessment (RPA) for Silver Chub. Our analyses demonstrated that the dynamics of a growing Silver Chub population would be very sensitive to perturbations that affect fecundity, or the survival of young-of-the-year. A stable or declining population, however, will be more sensitive to changes in adult survival. Based on an objective of demographic sustainability (i.e., a self-sustaining population over the long term), and a 15% probability of catastrophic decline per generation, we propose a population abundance recovery targets of ~444,000 adult Silver Chub (ages 1+). This abundance requires, at minimum, 84 km 2 of suitable habitat. The current abundance of Silver Chub in this DU (Western Basin of Lake Erie only) is estimated at approximately 660,000 adults, but has been as low as 251,000 within the last five years (Ohio Division of Wildlife 2013; OMNR 2013). The potential habitat (surface area) in the Western Basin is estimated to be in excess of 3000 km 2 . If the Silver Chub population is stable, the risk of extirpation from Ontario for a population of 251,000 (the lowest measured abundance) is 1% within the next 100 years. Since 2000, however, Silver Chub has been declining, on average, at a rate of 20% annually. At this rate, Silver Chub would become extirpated from Ontario within 36-95 years. The rate of decline has decreased since 2000, and the Silver Chub population may be stabilizing. If so, some harm may be allowed. Transient harm should not exceed a 15% reduction in adult abundance, or a 23% reduction in young-of-the-year (YOY) abundance, or an 8% reduction in total abundance within a 7 year period (approximately three generations).
Methylene blue removal using black cumin seeds waste: experimental study and molecular dynamic simulation

This study reports a potential valorization of black cumin seed waste (BSW) as a low-cost biosor-bent for methylene blue (MB) removal. The developed sample was investigated using operational parameters (initial concentration, pH, temperature, adsorbant mass, ionic strength, and contact time) and characterization techniques (transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermo-gravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, pH PZC , and N 2 adsorption/desorption isotherms). The pseudo-second-order and the Langmuir equations were the best-fitted models to indicate the uptake of MB dye, with an adsorption efficiency of 346.1 mg/g at 20°C. The thermodynamic results suggest that MB adsorption on BSW was favorable, spontaneous, and exothermic. The statistical physics model was used to determine the adsorption mechanism of MB onto the sample BSW. Additionally, the interaction between the MB molecules and the BSW was examined using the Monte Carlo simulation method. The adsorption energy of MB onto BSW was – 19.0 (kcal/ mol), indicating the potential of the adsorbant toward MB dye. The primary mechanisms governing the adsorption process were hypothesized to be electrostatic attraction, van der Waals forces, and hydrogen bonding. Overall, BSW demonstrated promising potential as an alternative low-cost biosorbent for the efficient removal of MB dye from wastewater.
The Role of Electrocardiographic Markers for Predicting Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: Data from the BIOSIGNAL Cohort Study

Background and Aims: P-wave abnormalities in the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) have been associated with a higher risk of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) as well as atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aimed to assess pre-determined ECG criteria during sinus rhythm in unselected AIS patients and their value for predicting newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (NDAF) after hospital admission. Methods: P-wave alterations were measured on 12-lead ECG on admission in all consecutively enrolled patients without known AF between October 2014 and 2017. The outcome of interest was NDAF, identified by prolonged electrocardiographic monitoring within one year after the index AIS. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was applied to assess the magnitude and independence of the association between pre-selected ECG markers and NDAF. The discriminatory accuracy was evaluated with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and the incremental prognostic value was estimated with the net reclassification index. Results: NDAF was detected in 87 (10%) of 856 patients during a follow-up of 365 days. Out of the pre-selected ECG parameters, advanced interatrial block (aIAB) and PR interval in lead II were independently associated with NDAF in univariable regression analysis. Only aIAB remained a significant predictor in multivariable analysis. Adding aIAB to the best-performing multivariable regression model improved the discriminatory accuracy to predict NDAF from an AUC of 0.78 (95%-CI 0.77–0.80) to 0.81 (95%-CI 0.80–0.83, p < 0.001). Conclusion: aIAB is independently and highly associated with NDAF in patients with AIS, has high inter-rater reliability, and therefore may be helpful to refine diagnostic work-up to search for AF in AIS.
Toxicity of sulfhydryl attapulgite to Eisenia fetida

ABSTRACT Sulfhydryl attapulgite is an effective material for soil remediation, but its potential toxicity to animals in soil is not fully understood. Using Eisenia fetida as the test organism, the avoidance experiments, acute toxicity and cumulative toxicity experiments were carried out. The avoidance rate of Eisenia fetida on ATP-SH is 0–60%. Eisenia fetida not only avoid, but also tend to the soil-added ATP-SH to a certain degree. In the acute toxicity test, with the increase of ATP-SH addition, the total protein (T-Protein) content gradually decreases, and the maximum rate of decline is 51.18%. The catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities gradually increase, and the maximum increase rates are 73.56% and 51.73%, respectively. The malondialdehyde (MDA) activity significantly increase 1.8 times. In the cumulative toxicity experiment, with the increase of ATP-SH addition, the maximum increase rate of T-Protein content is 31.52%. The CAT and T-SOD activities decrease 64.38% and 43.60% at most, respectively, and MDA activity increase 0.9 times. Following exposure to the soil-added ATP-SH for 30 days, Eisenia fetida adapt to the environment through its own regulatory mechanism. ATP-SH has good application security in remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil.
Land-Cover Change Analyses in the Volta Basin of Ghana

Abstract Multitemporal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images for 1984, 1992, and 1999 were used to map and detect land-cover changes in a 5400-km2 area within the Volta Lake basin of Ghana. The most dominant land-cover change was the conversion of natural vegetation to cropland, which occurred at an annual rate of 5%. While the data suggest an increase in human pressure, reversible change in woodland and grassland occurred in 4% and 2% of the landscape, respectively. A higher proportion of reversible land-cover changes relating to fallow agriculture occurred in about 14% of the landscape, whereas a higher overall increase in woody biomass (10%), compared to an overall decrease of 9%, indicates a certain level of rainfall-induced resilience in the ecosystem. Further research is needed to quantitatively evaluate the mechanisms enhancing vegetation recovery in dryland areas.
Modeling auditory processing of amplitude modulation

A popular model of the processing of amplitude modulation (AM) [Viemeister, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 66, 1364–1380 (1979)] consists of a bandpass filter, a rectifying nonlinearity, a low‐pass filter, and a decision device. The low‐pass filtering (or integration) stage was intended to simulate the temporal resolution limit by attenuating rapid changes in the envelope of the signal. Fleischer [Acustica 47, 155–163 (1981)] developed a model describing the influence of the inherent fluctuations within a noise carrier on the detectability of added modulation. The modulation spectrum was weighted by a certain factor which also essentially represented a low‐pass characteristic. In a recent modeling approach [Dau et al., submitted to J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (1997)], a modulation filterbank replaced the low‐pass filter, to analyze the envelope fluctuations of the stimuli in each peripheral auditory filter. The inclusion of a modulation filterbank was motivated by results from several studies on modulation masking which provided evidence for frequency selectivity in the modulation‐frequency domain. In addition, the role of peripheral filtering for the processing of amplitude modulation, the envelope statistics, and the spectral distribution of modulation power in the modulation spectrum are discussed.
PROGNOSTIC IMPLICATIONS OF ENDOTHELIAL ACTIVATION AND STRESS INDEX (EASIX) IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS

: Background : Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell malignant neoplasm. The Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) is easily produced with common laboratory indicators ([creatinine× LDH]/platelets). The purpose of this study was to determine whether EASIX score could be a novel prognostic marker for MM patients and its implications on the outcome of the disease
Ten years of cultural development in Sibiu: The European cultural capital and beyond

This study presents the results of a ten year monitoring programme on cultural and tourism development in the city of Sibiu. Over the ten year research period the programme expanded to cover a wide range of data sources, including resident and visitor surveys, stakeholder interviews and secondary statistical data. The research started at a fairly low level with studies of single events in the cultural agenda of Sibiu. The programme was significantly expanded in 2007 thanks to the staging of the European Capital of Culture in the city. Support from the ECOC allowed the scale of the research to be increased. Since 2007 the Lucian Blaga University has continued to collect data using its own resources. This study is unique as it is probably the first long-term study of the cultural and tourism development of a city in a former Socialist country in Central and Eastern Europe. The data in the current report build on and extend the analysis provided in the earlier report “The Impact of the 2007 European Cultural Capital in Sibiu: A long term perspective”, published in 2010. This research includes a number of different elements: regular surveys of residents and visitors, analysis of tourism flows and other statistics, Interviews with stakeholders in the city, Data from the regular surveys carried out by ATLAS in other parts of Europe. This report provides a summary of some of the major findings of the research to date, mainly based on the resident and visitor surveys.
The online hostility hypothesis: representations of Muslims in online media

ABSTRACT Using a large data set of online media content in eight European countries, this paper broadens the empirical investigation of the online hostility hypothesis, which posits that interactions on social sites such as blogs and forums contain more hostile expressions toward minority groups than social interactions offline or in editorial news media. Overall, our results are consistent with the online hostility hypothesis when comparing news media content with social sites, but we find that negatively charged representations are common in both media types. It is instead the amount of attention to Muslims and Islam on social sites that most clearly differs and is the main driver of online hostility in the online media environment more broadly conceived.
Zircon U-Pb chronology,platinum group element geochemistry characteristics of Hulu Cu-Ni deposit,East Xinjiang,and its geological significance

Hulu intrusion lies in the eastern part of Tudun-Huangshan-Jingerquan-Tulargen mafic-ultramafic rocks belts in East Tianshan,and cover an area of about 0.75km2,is a multiple intrusion and composed of gabbro diorite,gabbro,pyroxenite,pyroxene peridotite and peridotite. The zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating for gabbro diorite of Hulu intrusion yielded 274.5±3.9Ma. The data suggest that the Hulu intrusion was intruded at Early Permian,is the result of a post-collisional extensional setting. The total concentration of platinum-group element (PGE) in ores and rocks is low. The average concentration of PGE in rocks is 7.90×10-9,and 45.57×10-9 in ores. Rock and ore samples have similar mantle-normalized PGE patterns,the diversity between IPGE and PPGE is lower. The diagram of Ni/Cu verses Pd/Ir reveals that the initial magma of Hulu mafic-ultramafic complex is high magnesian basaltic magma. The Ni/Cu ratio of ores and rocks is from 114.67×103~157.42×103(136.05×103 in average) and 11.07×103~294.35×103 (125.48×103 in average) respectively,which show that the magma has occurred sulfide pre-segregation from the magmatic system resulting in parental magma depleted in PGE. Crustal contamination (addition of SiO2 and S) and the fractionation of olivine and pyroxene in the magma revolution process may be the main factors leading to S-saturation and sulfide segregation in deep crust.