Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Students' Entrepreneurial Intentions by Using Theory of Planned Behavior: the Case in Indonesia

This research aims to study the intentions of students in entrepreneurship by using the theory of planned behavior of Fishbein and Ajzein. This study was conducted in six state universities in In- donesia, namely University A in Northern Sumatra, University B in Western Sumatra, University C in Jakarta, University D in Yogyakarta, University E in Eastern Java and University F in Southern Sulawesi with total sample of 600 fi nal year students. Data were analyzed using descriptive and in- ferential statistics using SPSS 11.5 and structural equation models using LISREL software to test the models. The result shows that the theory of planned behavior is proven signifi cant to predict studentsr entrepreneurial intention simultaneously in those six universities, whereas subjective norm was the strongest variable in the modeling. However, signifi cant differences were found between results from each university, when analyzed separately. The model has different partial impact in each university, whereas the model only worked signifi cantly in University D and F. Meanwhile, in University A, B and E some variables do not signifi cantly infl uenced entrepreneurial intention and for University C, we believe that there are other variables that may explain the studentsr entrepreneurial intention in University C since the model proved insignifi cantly to predict their entrepreneurial intention.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Multidimensional non-Gaussian Diffusion-weighted MRI - Image quality analysis

To investigate the viability of two different nuclear magnetic resonance imaging systems for acquisition of highly diffusion weighted, multidimensional human brain data, images were acquired on both, using two different diffusion sensitizing gradient setups. The sequence used was a diffusion weighted spin echo sequence with an echo planar read out. The diffusion gradients tested were monopolar and twice-refocused bipolar. These were used to acquire data on a Siemens Prisma and Skyra scanner. The data acquired with monopolar gradients on the Prisma scanner suffered from eddy current induced geometric distortions, while the bipolar scan on the Prisma and both Skyra acquisitions displayed lower signal to noise ratios. The difference between bipolar and monopolar signal intensity was noticeably greater on the Prisma system, due to an unexpectedly large drop when utilizing bipolar gradients. Background noise level were lower overall on the Prisma system, but particularly on the images acquired without diffusion weighting, due to the Skyra system experiencing a significant increase in background noise levels when not using diffusion gradients. Eddy current correction was unsuccessful for the Prisma monopolar sequence when using affine transformation with 12 degrees of freedom. Removal of non-brain matter proved difficult, due to the software having problems differentiating between background noise and brain matter in images with low signal to noise ratio. Of the scanner and gradient setup combinations tested, the Prisma scanner, using a bipolar gradient setup appears to be the superior choice, despite having comparable signal to noise ratio with the Skyra systems.
Experimenl4replicatedlhedisappearanceoflhewordlenglheffeci with Spoken Recall

The word length effect-lhe finding that lislsofshort words are beuer recalledlhanlists of long words-has been termed one of the benchmark findings that any theory of immediate memory must address. The effect is viewed as the best remaining evidence for time-based decay of information in short-term memory. However, previous studies invesligating this effecl have confounded word length withorthographicneighborhood size. I suggesl here thal the word lenglheffectmaybebeuerexplainedbythedifferences in lexicaJ properties of short and long words than by length. ExperimenlS laand Ib revealed lypicaJ effeclsofJength when short and Jong words were equaledonalireJevant
Forecasting the Price Index Return and Movement Direction using Data Mining Techniques

Even though many new data mining techniques have been introduced in prediction estimation, there is still no single best solution to all financial problems. In this study, the performances of data mining techniques based on the daily Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) Index are examined and compared. The linear regression model, simple logistic (classification), artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machines (SVM) models are utilized in two ways, one for classification of market movements and the other for predicting price index returns through regression. Ten technical market indicators, 7 macroeconomic variables, a couple of other international market indices and a sliding window of ten inputs make up the 30 attributes used in this study. Different combinations of attribute sets are experimented with different ANN and SVM model parameter values to find the highest forecasting accuracy.
Title Introducing Group Participation Support into P 2 P Web Caching Systems

In this paper, we introduce group participation support into decentralized peer-to-peer(P2P) web caching systems. The support allows P2P web caching systems to have more participators, and as a result, realizes highly scalable caching systems. An implementation design of systems is described in this paper. Some experimental results show that every node in our system can get better performance by the introduction of group participation support.
Introduction to the Workshop on Natural Language Processing for COVID-19 (Part 2) at EMNLP 2020

This is the second workshop organized on the topic of COVID-19 in conjunction with an *ACL conference. The first took place in conjunction with ACL 2020. As a result of overwhelming response to the call for papers for the first workshop, the need for a “Part 2” became clear; there were 50 submissions that were not able to be reviewed at that time [38]. The workshop chairs for EMNLP 2020 (Jackie Chi Kit Cheung and Lonneke van der Plas) graciously accepted our late request to include “Part 2” of the workshop there. All 50 submissions were transferred directly to the new submission site, unless they had been formally withdrawn from the original workshop, and were considered for inclusion in Part 2. In addition, we re-opened submissions to the community and received a number of new submissions despite tight timelines.
Approximating Schwarzschild's Givenness with Distributional Semantics

Introduction and Motivation Givenness (Schwarzschild, 1999) is one of the central notions in the formal pragmatic literature discussing the organization of discourse. On the theoretical linguistic side, a foundational question is whether an approach to Information Structure should be grounded in terms of a Given-New or a Focus-Background dichotomy, or whether the two are best seen as complementing each other. Computational linguistic research on short answer assessment points in the direction of both perspective providing performance gains (Ziai & Meurers, 2014). On the empirical side, related work established that the problems in obtaining high inter-annotator agreement for focus annotation (Ritz et al., 2008; Calhoun et al., 2010) can be overcome through an incremental annotation process that makes reference to questions provided by an explicit task context (Ziai & Meurers, 2014; De Kuthy et al., 2016). In computational linguistic approaches assessing whether a student response correctly answers a given reading comprehension question, the practical value of excluding material that is mentioned in the question from evaluating the content of the answer has been clearly established (Meurers et al., 2011a,b; Mohler et al., 2011). Yet these computational linguistic approaches only implement a very basic, completely surface-based perspective on givenness: A word of the answer that appears as such in the question counts as given. Such a surface-based approach to givenness fails to capture that the semantic notion of givenness i) may be transported by semantically similar words, ii) entailment rather than identity is at stake, and iii) the so-called bridging cases require semantically related rather than semantically similar words. Theoretical linguistic proposals spelling out givenness are based on formal semantic formalisms and notions such as logical entailment, type shifting, and existential f-closure, which do not readily lend themselves to extending the computational linguistic approaches. As already alluded to by the choice of words " semantically similar " and " semantically related " above, in this paper we want to explore whether distributional semantics can help address the gap between the linguistic insights into givenness and the computational linguistic realizations. In place of surface-based givenness checks, we developed an approach based on distributional semantics to check whether a word in a sentence is similar enough to a word in the context to count as given.
GROUND STATE OF BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES WITH INHOMOGENEOUS SCATTERING

A.I. NICOLIN1,*, A. BALAŽ2, J.B. SUDHARSAN3, R. RADHA3 1Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Reactorului 30, Magurele, Romania 2Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia 3Centre for Nonlinear Science, Post-Graduate and Research Department of Physics, Government College for Women (Autonomous), Kumbakonam – 612001, India E-mail∗: alexandru.nicolin@nipne.ro (corresponding author)
Conversational Agents in Distance Education: Comparing Mood States with Students’ Perception

One of the advantages of a Conversational Agent is that it stimulates social presence among Distance Education students, providing continuous psychological and pedagogical support. However, the interaction between students and virtual agents is often functionally ineffective. In this regard, this study aims to investigate students’ mood states, inferred by chat log analysis of interactions between students and a Conversational Agent, relating such mood states with the students’ perceptions about the tool. The study was conducted with a sample of students attending a Distance Education post-graduation course. The results showed the relationship between interest, utility and satisfaction perceived by the students with mood states detected by the log analysis. Also, the underutilization of the Conversational Agents was diagnosed, and improvements to be implemented so that negative mood states which can be overcome were identified. The research brings contributions on building better Conversational Agents for educational purposes.
Does tolerance matter? A comparative study of well-being of persons in same-sex and mixed-sex unions across nine European countries

ABSTRACT In this study, we examine whether there is a well-being gap between persons in same-sex and mixed-sex unions. We consider the possible role that tolerance of homosexuality plays in the size of this gap by comparing these union types across nine European countries with varying levels of normative and legal tolerance (informal and formal institutional contexts, respectively). For social well-being, results indicate that the well-being gap indeed depends on both the informal and formal institutional contexts in a country. In intolerant societies, persons in same-sex unions have lower social well-being than persons in mixed-sex unions, whereas they fare slightly better in tolerant societies. We found that the normative dimension of tolerance matters more for the social well-being gap than the legal dimension. In line with our hypotheses, findings also show that men in same-sex couples are more affected by differences in the informal institutional context than women in same-sex couples. For depressive feelings, no significant joint effect of union type for either measure of tolerance was found. Overall, we demonstrate the theoretical usefulness of treating tolerance at the contextual level as a predictor of well-being by empirically testing the link between tolerance and well-being. We suggest considering intolerance also as a social problem on the country level, which is distinct from intolerance on the interpersonal level.
On the relationship between aquaculture and reduction fisheries

Traditional aquaculture has to a large extent used herbivore species with limited requirements for additional feeding. However, in intensive aquaculture production one farm carnivore species like salmon and also feeds herbivore species with fishmeal as this increase growth. This has lead to a growing concern that increased aquaculture production poses an environmental threat to the species targeted in reduction fisheries as increased demand increase fishing pressure. In this paper we address this question along two lines. First, under which management regimes may increased demand pose a threat to the species in question. Second, we investigate what is the market for fishmeal. Is fishmeal a unique product or is it a part of the larger market for oilmeals which includes soyameal? This is an important issue since the market structure for fishmeal is instrumental for whether increased aquaculture production may affect fishmeal prices, and thereby increase fishing pressure in industrial fisheries.
Analytical Solution of Deformations for Two-Layer Timoshenko Beams Glued by a Viscoelastic Interlayer

An analytical solution of stresses and deformations for two-layer Timoshenko beams glued by a viscoelastic interlayer under uniform transverse load is presented. The standard linear solid model is employed to simulate the viscoelastic characteristics of the interlayer, in which the memory effect of strains is considered. The mechanical behavior of each layer is described by the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). By means of the principle of minimum potential energy, a group of equations for displacements and rotation angles are derived out. The final solution is obtained by conducting the Laplace transform and the inversion of Laplace transform to the equation group. Numerical comparison shows that the present solutions and the finite element results are in good agreement. It is shown that the present results are more accurate than those obtained from the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, especially for thick beams. And the present solutions can accurately describe the variation of stresses and deformations of the beam with the time, compared with those ignoring the memory effect of strains. Finally, the effects of the geometric parameters and material properties of the interlayer on stresses and deformations of the beam are studied in detail.
BEAM SIZE MEASUREMENTS BASED ON MOVABLE QUADRUPOLAR PICK-UPS

Quadrupolar pick-ups (PU) have been widely studied as candidates for non-intercepting beam size and emittance measurements. However, their application has been proven to be limited. Two fundamental factors make quadrupolar measurements exceptionally challenging: first, the low quadrupolar sensitivity of PUs and second, the parasitic position signal incorporated into the measured quadrupolar measurement. In this paper, an alignment technique, based on movable PUs, is proposed to efficiently cancel the parasitic position signal. Tests have been performed using PUs embedded in collimators in the Large Hadron Collider. Beam measurements demonstrate promising results. INTRODUCTION Quadrupolar moment measurements based on electromagnetic pick-ups (PU) have attracted particular interest as non-intercepting diagnostics to determine the transverse beam size [1–6]. They are based on the extraction of the second-order moment of the PU signals which contains information about the beam size incorporated into the quantity σx 2 −σy. Here, σx and σy are the r.m.s. beam dimensions in the transverse plane. Then, using at least two PUs at locations with different lattice parameters, the r.m.s. beam size and emittance can be evaluated by solving a linear system of equations [1, 7]. Despite the simplicity of the concept, quadrupolar measurements have always been challenging in practice. There are two fundamental factors that make such beam size measurements a difficult task. The first concerns the fact that the quadrupolar moment constitutes only a very small part of the PU signal, which is dominated by the contributions of beam intensity and position. As a consequence, the quadrupole signal can be easily lost due to imperfections in the measurement system such as electronic noise, assymetries, or even due to mechanical uncertainties. The second factor concerns the parasitic signal from beam position attached to the second-order moment in addition to the desirable beam size information as σx − σy + x2 − y2, where (x, y) is the beam centroid. As a consequence, the beam size measurement may be dominated by the beam position if the beam is significantly displaced. This work focuses on the effect of the position signal on quadrupolar measurements and how it can be minimized by using movable PUs. The use of movable PUs has been suggested by some authors as a means to improve the calibration of quadrupolar measurement systems [8]. Here, we present a beam-based procedure, using movable PUs, ∗ apostolos.sounas@cern.ch able to efficiently cancel the parasitic position signal. As opposed to other approaches based on logarithmic amplifiers [9, 10], the proposed technique can be applied to many data acquisition architectures. Preliminary measurements, using movable collimators with embedded button PUs in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, have demonstrated promising results.
On Heuristic Viewpoints Concerning the Mass , Energy and Light Concepts in Quantum Physics

The concept of conversion of mass to energy is discussed in chemical and nuclear reactions to show it is incorrect. The annihilation reactions of electron-positron are discussed to be disintegration processes. A primitive nuclear model is suggested to focus on three main points, the outer shells of the nucleus called electromagnetic belt, the inner nuclear shells called sphere nuclear shell model, and the magnetons. The magnetons and conservons are the main components of the protons and neutrons. The nuclear fusion reactions are discussed and showed they have to pass the fifth state of matter called nuclear transparency then finally reach the sixth state of matter called nuclear magma (finally collected as black hole). The quantization of light by Planck is argued to be of wave-form and not particle-form represented by photons. These discrete packets of energy are called frequentons. A novel non-relativistic mass-energy equivalence is derived as E=mbc, where b is a new universal particle speed constant equal to 0.603797 x 10 8 m/s which gives E/m= 1.8101351214 x 10 16 J/kg or 1u= 187.607 MeV. The ratio of mbc/mc 2 (187.607)/(931.49) is equal to 0.2014. The Total Kinetic Energy (TKE) of fission fragments of 235 U is found to be 37.21 MeV/bc rather than 184.7 MeV/c 2 based on the speculative E=mc 2 . Other non-relativistic quantum equations are deduced for high speed charged particles such as p=mb, b=λυ, λ=h/mb, E=mvb and E=mb 2 .
Numerical Investigations of Spray Droplet Parameters on Combustion and Emission Characteristics in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine using 3-Zone Extended Coherent Flame Model

Diesel engine combustion modeling presents a challenging task as the injection starts with the spray formation and breakup of spray into droplets. The computation involved in predicting the incylinder fluid mixture during combustion using eulerian and lagrangian approach is rather a cumbersome task. In this work, 3D-CFD computations are performed to understand the behaviour of spray droplet variables on combustion process and emissions in a direct injection diesel engine. The study involves the computation of turbulent flow-field quantities, modelling various processes such as fuel spray distribution, atomization, evaporation, collision, and combustion and pollutant formation using a commercial CFD code. The numerical results predicted using CFD code is validated with the experimental data available from the literature. It is found that the in-cylinder averaged pressures obtained from the numerical simulation are in close agreement with the experimental results. Grid independence and time independent studies are carried out for optimum grid size and time values. The process of combustion and emission characteristics is studied numerically with respect to spray characteristics. The work is further extended to study the effect of swirl ratio and injection timing on droplet parameters, combustion and emission characteristics. It is found that increase in swirl ratio from 1.4 to 4.1 results in peak pressure rise of 8 bar and an advancement of injection timing from 6 deg bTDC to 20 deg bTDC results in increase of cylinder averaged peak pressure by 15 %. This increase in pressure results in better combustion, lower soot but higher NOx emissions. Temperature, pressure and velocity contours are plotted for various injection timing and swirl ratios.
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Containing ␣7 Subunits Are Required for Reliable Synaptic Transmission in Situ

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing ␣7 subunits are widely expressed in the nervous system. The receptors are cation-selective, relatively permeable to calcium, and avid binders of ␣-bungarotoxin. Although the receptors can act both pre-and postsynaptically, their physiological significance is unclear. Using whole-cell patch-clamp analysis of chick ciliary ganglion neurons in situ, we show that the receptors are required for reliable synaptic transmission early in development. Stimulation of the presynaptic nerve root elicited a biphasic synaptic current, including a large rapidly decaying component generated by ␣7-containing receptors. Selective blockade of ␣7-containing receptors by perfusing the ganglion with ␣-bungarotoxin induced failures in synaptic transmission. One-half of the ciliary neurons that were tested failed when stimulated synaptically at 1 Hz, and two-thirds failed at 25 Hz. Failing cells missed, on average, 80% of the trials during a test train of stimuli. The ability to fire synaptically evoked action potentials after toxin treatment was correlated positively with the amplitude of the remaining synaptic current, suggesting that ␣7-containing receptors were needed to augment synaptic responses. Consistent with patch-clamp analysis, toxin blockade reduced the amplitude of the synaptically evoked compound action potential in the postganglionic nerve; it also desynchro-nized the firing of the remaining units. Methyllycaconitine, another antagonist of ␣7-containing receptors, mimicked ␣-bungarotoxin blockade. Toxin blockade had less impact on transmission in ganglia at the end of embryogenesis. The ability of the receptors to synchronize and sustain population firing, together with their ability to deliver calcium, may influence early developmental events such as target innervation and neuronal survival. Acetylcholine receptors containing the ␣7 gene product (␣7-nAChRs) are among the most abundant nicotinic receptors in the their significance remains unclear. A promising system for examining the role of ␣7-nAChRs in situ is the chick ciliary ganglion. It has two classes of neurons in approximately equal numbers: large ciliary neurons that inner-vate striated muscle in the iris and ciliary body, and small choroid neurons that innervate smooth muscle in the choroid layer (Land-messer and Pilar, 1974). Both neuronal populations express ␣7-nAChRs, averaging 10 6 per cell at the end of embryogenesis The receptors can generate large rapidly desensitizing currents when activated in situ by stimulating the preganglionic nerve (Zhang et al., 1996; Ullian et al., 1997). In addition, ␣7-nAChRs are present on the preganglionic terminals where they can influence neurotransmitter release (Coggan et al., 1997). Previously, ␣7-nAChRs were thought to be unnecessary for ganglionic transmission. Electron microscopic analysis and …