Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic Extraction of Structured Web Data with Domain Knowledge

We present in this paper a novel approach for extracting structured data from the Web, whose goal is to harvest real-world items from template-based HTML pages (the structured Web). It illustrates a two-phase querying of the Web, in which an intentional description of the data that is targeted is first provided, in a flexible and widely applicable manner. The extraction process leverages then both the input description and the source structure. Our approach is domain-independent, in the sense that it applies to any relation, either flat or nested, describing real-world items. Extensive experiments on five different domains and comparison with the main state of the art extraction systems from literature illustrate its flexibility and precision. We advocate via our technique that automatic extraction and integration of complex structured data can be done fast and effectively, when the redundancy of the Web meets knowledge over the to-be-extracted data.
© 2012 Landes Bioscience. Do not distribute. Human RioK3 is a novel component of cytoplasmic pre-40S pre-ribosomal particles

Maturation of the 40S ribosomal subunit precursors in mammals mobilizes several non-ribosomal proteins, including theatypical protein kinase RioK2. Here, we have investigated the involvement of another member of the RIO kinase family,RioK3, in human ribosome biogenesis. RioK3 is a cytoplasmic protein that does not seem to shuttle between nucleus andcytoplasm via a Crm1-dependent mechanism as does RioK2 and which sediments with cytoplasmic 40S ribosomalparticles in a sucrose gradient. When the small ribosomal subunit biogenesis is impaired by depletion of either rpS15,rpS19 or RioK2, a concomitant decrease in the amount of RioK3 is observed. Surprisingly, we observed a dramatic andspecific increase in the levels of RioK3 when the biogenesis of the large ribosomal subunit is impaired. A fraction of RioK3is associated with the non ribosomal pre-40S particle components hLtv1 and hEnp1 as well as with the 18S-E pre-rRNAindicating that it belongs to a bona fide cytoplasmic pre-40S particle. Finally, RioK3 depletion leads to an increase in thelevels of the 21S rRNA precursor in the 18S rRNA production pathway. Altogether, our results strongly suggest that RioK3is a novel cytoplasmic component of pre-40S pre-ribosomal particle(s) in human cells, required for normal processing ofthe 21S pre-rRNA.
Nearest-neighborhood linear regression in an application with software effort estimation

This paper discusses nearest-neighborhood linear regression methods in a statistical view of learning and present an application of these models to software project effort estimation. The usefulness of the models is highlighted through experiments with a well-known NASA software project data set. A comparative study with global regression methods such as bagging predictors, support vector regression, radial basis functions neural networks is also introduced.
Measurement of B → D Form Factors in the Semileptonic Decay B 0 →

We present a preliminary measurement of R 1 , R 2 and ρ 2 which are the three parameters used to characterize the B→D * ℓ¯ ν e form factors (A 1 , V , and A 2). We use 85×10 6 B ¯ B-pairs accumulated on the Υ (4S) resonance at PEP-II. In this analysis we use the decay mode ¯ B 0 →D + * e − ¯ ν and its charge conjugate. The D * + is reconstructed in the channel D * + → D 0 π + and the D 0 in the channel D 0 → K − π +. We parameterize the form factors in terms of their ratios (determined by the parameters R 1 and R 2) and the common slope ρ 2 in the variable w (a quantity related to the momentum transfer in the decay process). These parameters are determined via an unbinned maximum likelihood fit to the distributions in four kinematic variables (three decay angles and w). The results are R 1 = 1.328 ± 0.055 ± 0.025 ± 0.025 and R 2 = 0.920 ± 0.044 ± 0.020 ± 0.013 for the ratios and ρ 2 = 0.769 ± 0.039 ± 0.019 ± 0.032 for the slope. The stated errors are the statistical uncertainty from the data, statistical uncertainty from the size of the Monte Carlo sample and the systematic uncertainty, respectively.
The SSN Ontology of the Semantic Sensor Networks Incubator Group

The W3C Semantic Sensor Networks Incubator group (the SSN-XG), as one of its activities, produced an ontology to describe sensors and observations — the SSN ontology, available at http://purl.oclc. org/NET/ssnx/ssn. This article describes the development of the SSN ontology, the SSN ontology itself and its alignment to the DOLCE-UltraLite foundational ontology. The SSN ontology can describe the capabilities of sensors, the measurement processes used and the resultant observations.
Predicting gene function with positive and unlabeled examples

Predicting gene function is usually formulated as binary classification problem. However, we only know which gene has some function while we are not sure that it doesn't belong to a function class, which means that only positive examples are given. Therefore, selecting a good training example set becomes a key step. In this paper, we cluster the genes on integrated weighted graph by generalizing the cluster coefficient of unweighted graph to weighted one, and identify the reliable negative samples based on distance between a gene and centroid of positive clusters. Then, the tri-training algorithm is used to learn three classifiers from labeled and unlabeled examples to predict the gene function by combining three prediction result. The experiment results show that our approach outperforms several classic prediction methods.
A Topological Map of the Compartmentalized Arabidopsis thaliana Leaf Metabolome

Background The extensive subcellular compartmentalization of metabolites and metabolism in eukaryotic cells is widely acknowledged and represents a key factor of metabolic activity and functionality. In striking contrast, the knowledge of actual compartmental distribution of metabolites from experimental studies is surprisingly low. However, a precise knowledge of, possibly all, metabolites and their subcellular distributions remains a key prerequisite for the understanding of any cellular function. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we describe results for the subcellular distribution of 1,117 polar and 2,804 lipophilic mass spectrometric features associated to known and unknown compounds from leaves of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Using an optimized non-aqueous fractionation protocol in conjunction with GC/MS- and LC/MS-based metabolite profiling, 81.5% of the metabolic data could be associated to one of three subcellular compartments: the cytosol (including the mitochondria), vacuole, or plastids. Statistical analysis using a marker-‘free’ approach revealed that 18.5% of these metabolites show intermediate distributions, which can either be explained by transport processes or by additional subcellular compartments. Conclusion/Significance Next to a functional and conceptual workflow for the efficient, highly resolved metabolite analysis of the fractionated Arabidopsis thaliana leaf metabolome, a detailed survey of the subcellular distribution of several compounds, in the graphical format of a topological map, is provided. This complex data set therefore does not only contain a rich repository of metabolic information, but due to thorough validation and testing by statistical methods, represents an initial step in the analysis of metabolite dynamics and fluxes within and between subcellular compartments.
Study of College Students' English Learning in Mobile Learning Community

Mobile learning community (MLC), a mode that provides a platform for both educators and students to share learning resources and communicate with each other, satisfies the needs of educators and learners. This study aims at exploring perceptions of college students’ English learning in MLC and analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of MLC during the teaching and learning process, then taking measures to promote the development of MLC.
Discussion Paper No . 2003 / 16 Economic and Theological Approaches to Debt Cancellation

Differences in economic and theological approaches to debt cancellation result from differences in disciplinary assumptions in respect of purpose, method, and argument. We argue that they provide alternative commentaries upon the need for debt cancellation, but that it is not possible to demonstrate the superiority of one over the other, so practitioners in one are likely to continue to find it difficult to respond meaningfully to arguments from the other.
Automatic algorithm recognition based on programming schemas

A method for recognizing algorithms by detecting algorithmic schemas is presented. The method uses the (cid:12)ndings of the studies on programming schemas, according to which experts develop schemas, high-level cognitive constructs that abstract knowledge of programming structures, and use them in comprehending and solving similar problems that di(cid:11)er in lower level details. We introduce a set of schemas for sorting algorithms that consists of loops, their nesting relationship, beacon-like algorithm-speci(cid:12)c features and operations, etc., and use these abstract concepts to recognize implementations of sorting algorithms. We have developed a prototype for detecting schemas and conducted an experiment to evaluate the performance of the presented method on sorting algorithms and their variations implemented in Java. The tested implementations are recognized with the average accuracy of 88,3%. This is a promising result that shows the applicability of the method in context and level of students’ implementations. By identifying the algorithm-speci(cid:12)c code from the given program, the schema detection method improves our previous method for automatic algorithm recognition.
Opportunistic Storytelling: An Experience-Oriented Strategy for Playable Interactive Narratives

AI research in interactive narrative often lacks specificity as to the player experience it is trying to enable. In this paper, we consider a set of desirable elements from narrative and interactive experiences, and show by looking at playable experiences from industry and academia that combining them has the potential to be limited or self-defeating. To address these issues, we propose opportunistic storytelling , a set of design principles for near-term playable interactive narratives.
A Feature-Scaling-Based $k$-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm for Indoor Positioning Systems

With the increasing popularity of WLAN infrastructure, WiFi fingerprint-based indoor positioning systems have received considerable attention recently. Much existing work in this aspect adopts classification techniques that match a vector of radio signal strengths (RSSs) reported by a mobile station (MS) to pretrained reference fingerprints sampled from different access points (APs) at different reference points (RPs) with known positions. However, in the calculation of signal distances between different RSS vectors, existing techniques fail to consider the fact that equal RSS differences at different RSS levels may not mean equal differences in geometrical distances in complex indoor environment. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a feature-scaling-based k-nearest neighbor (FS-kNN) algorithm for achieving improved localization accuracy. In FS-kNN, we build a novel RSS-level-based FS model, which introduces RSS-level-based scaling weights in the computation of effective signal distances between signal vector reported by a MS and reference fingerprints in a radio map. Experimental results show that FS-kNN can achieve an average location error as low as 1.70 m, which is superior to existing work.
TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY COMPUTED AND EVALUATED USING MULTI-STEP PERTURBATION *

We describe and illustrate a method for computing and evaluating total factor productivity (TFP). First, we describe using the multi-step perturbation (MSP) method to compute TFP based on any k+1-times differentiable production function. We illustrate the method for Cobb-Douglas (CD), constant elasticity of substitution (CES), and tiered CES (TCES) production functions. Thus, we describe and illustrate computing TFP for far more general production functions than the CD production function, which is the basis of the usual Solow-residual computation of TFP. Second, simultaneously, we describe and illustrate a method for choosing the empirically most valid production function and implied TFP. The MSP method computes optimal inputs, hence, input residuals, the differences between observed and optimal inputs. Optimal inputs maximize output, for a given production function, input prices, and input costs. An information criterion (IC) has a log-likelihood term, computed as the determinant of the sample covariance matrix of input residuals, and a parameter-penalty term, which increases with the number of estimated parameters. Usually, the production function -- the model in this case -- which implies the lowest IC is considered the best or empirically-most-valid production function among those being considered. In effect, the usual Solow residual sets all input residuals identically to zero, which results in estimated parameters and implied TFP having no degrees of freedom and no statistical reliability. By contrast, we use the MSP method to compute TFP based on the "best" CD, CES, or TCES model with the lowest IC and compare it with the usual Solow-residual TFP. We do this using a sample of data on capital, labor, energy, materials, and services (KLEMS) inputs, from 1949-2001, obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Simulation models of transformer hot-spot temperature

The winding hot-spot temperature is an important parameter that determines the transformer overloading capability and the aging rate of the oil paper insulation. In this paper, three simulation models based on modified IEEE model, Swift model, and Susa model are established in Matlab/Simulink. The top-oil temperature and hot-spot temperature in the models are calculated using Runge-Kutta method. Simulation results showed that Susa model and modified IEEE model are in good consistency while there is quite a difference between Swift model and modified IEEE model.
Sensitivity to parasitic gaps inside subject islands in native and non-native sentence processing*

We report the results from an eye-movement monitoring study that investigated late German–English bilinguals’ sensitivity to parasitic gaps inside subject islands. The online reading experiment was complemented by an offline scalar judgement task. The results from the offline task confirmed that for both native and non-native speakers, subject island environments must normally be non-finite in order to host a parasitic gap. The analysis of the reading-time data showed that, while native speakers posited parasitic gaps in non-finite environments only, the non-native group initially overgenerated parasitic gaps, showing delayed sensitivity to island-inducing cues during online processing. Taken together, our findings show that non-native comprehenders are sensitive to exceptions to island constraints that are not attested in their native language and also rare in the L2 input. They need more time than native comprehenders to compute the linguistic representations over which the relevant restrictions are defined, however.
Aggression and Coexistence in Female Caribou

Female caribou (Rangifer tarandus) are highly gregarious, yet there has been little study of the behavioral mechanisms that foster coexistence. Quantifying patterns of aggression between male and female, particularly in the only cervid taxa where both sexes grow antlers, should provide insight into these mechanisms. We asked if patterns of aggression by male and female caribou followed the pattern typically noted in other polygynous cervids, in which males display higher frequencies and intensity of aggression. From June to August in 2011 and 2012, we measured the frequency and intensity of aggression across a range of group sizes through focal animal sampling of 170 caribou (64 males and 106 females) on Adak Island in the Aleutian Archipelago, Alaska. Males in same-sex and mixed-sex groups and females in mixed-sex groups had higher frequencies of aggression than females in same-sex groups. Group size did not influence frequency of aggression. Males displayed more intense aggression than females. Frequent aggression in mixed-sex groups probably reflects lower tolerance of males for animals in close proximity. Female caribou were less aggressive and more gregarious than males, as in other polygynous cervid species.
Phagosomal oxidative activity during β2 integrin (CR3)-mediated phagocytosis by neutrophils is triggered by a non-restricted Ca2+ signal: Ca2+ controls time not space

The temporal and spatial relationship between particle binding to the neutrophil by β2 integrin (CR3), the Ca2+ elevation and subsequent oxidase activation has been unclear. This is because of the difficulty in studying the time course of individual phagocytic events in individual neutrophils. Here, we have used a micromanipulation technique to present C3bi-opsonised zymosan particles to the neutrophil under observation. In this way, the moment of particle contact, pseudopod formation and internalisation has been established and cytosolic free Ca2+ and oxidation of dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCDHF)-labelled particles determined simultaneously. Using this approach, we have found that the Ca2+ signal, which is triggered by CR3-mediated phagocytosis, can be resolved into two temporally separated components. The first Ca2+ signal occurs during β2 integrin engagement as the phagocytic cup forms but does not trigger oxidation of the particle. The second global Ca2+ signal, which is triggered about the time of phagosomal closure, causes an abrupt activation of the oxidase. This second Ca2+ signal was not restricted to the region of the phagosome yet only triggered the oxidase activation locally in the phagosome, with no evidence of activation at other sites in the neutrophil. This points to a dual control of oxidase activation, with Ca2+ controlling the timing of oxidase activation but slower and more localised molecular events, perhaps involving oxidase assembly and phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate generation, determining the site of oxidase activation.
Attribute-based authorization tickets for Car-to-X communication

In this paper we propose an approach that allows an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Vehicle Station (IVS) to anonymously authenticate itself at applications with attribute-based access restrictions. For authentication purposes we apply attribute-based authorization tickets, which are granted after the IVS proved that it fulfills all access restrictions. For the proof of attributes we rely on Anonymous Credentials (ACs), which are sets of verified attributes. When proving attributes, only the ones necessary for the application are revealed, all others are kept private. The resulting system supports billing of application usage and revocation of an IVS, tickets, ACs, and single attributes, while protecting the privacy of the IVS. We propose two different versions of the system and present a prototype implementation. We furthermore compare their properties and evaluate the performance. We demonstrate that the additional time delay introduced by the proof of the attributes does not significantly influence the usability of the system.
0 M ay 2 00 8 Bandwidth enhancement for parametric amplifiersoperated in chirped multibeam mode

In this paper we discuss the bandwidth enhancement that can be achieved in multi-Joule OPCPA systems exploiting the tunability of parametric amplification. In particular, we consider a pair of single pass amplifiers based on DKDP, pumped by the second harmonic of Nd:glass and tuned to amplify adjacent regions of the signal spectrum. We demonstrate that a bandwidth enhancement up to 50% is possible in two configurations; in the first case, one of the two amplifiers is operated near its non-collinear broadband limit; to allow for effective recombination and recompression of the outgoing signals this configuration requires filtering and phase manipulation of the spectral tail of the amplified pulses. In the second case, effective recombination can be achieved simply by spectral filtering: in this configuration, the optimization of the parameters of the amplifiers (pulse, crystal orientation and crystal length) does not follow the recipes of non-collinear OPCPA.
Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology

While scientific research and the methodologies involved have gone through substantial technological evolution the technology involved in the publication of the results of these endeavors has remained relatively stagnant. Publication is largely done in the same manner today as it was fifty years ago. Many journals have adopted electronic formats, however, their orientation and style is little different from a printed document. The documents tend to be static and take little advantage of computational resources that might be available. Recent work, Gentleman and Temple Lang (2003), suggests a methodology and basic infrastructure that can be used to publish documents in a substantially different way. Their approach is suitable for the publication of papers whose message relies on computation. Stated quite simply, Gentleman and Temple Lang (2003) propose a paradigm where documents are mixtures of code and text. Such documents may be self-contained or they may be a component of a compendium which provides the infrastructure needed to provide access to data and supporting software. These documents, or compendiums, can be processed in a number of different ways. One transformation will be to replace the code with its output – thereby providing the familiar, but limited, static document. In this paper we apply these concepts to a seminal paper in bioinformatics, namely The Molecular Classification of Cancer, Golub et al (1999). The authors of that paper have generously provided data and other information that have allowed us to largely reproduce their results. Rather than reproduce this paper exactly we demonstrate that such a reproduction is possible and instead concentrate on demonstrating the usefulness of the compendium concept itself.
Lower Bound on Time-Delay Estimation Error of UWB Signals

In this work, we study fundamental limitation to the performance of time-delay estimation schemes of IR-UWB signals. We are specially interested in deriving lower bound on the mean square error (MSE). As UWB systems are expected to operate at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (80211.15.4 low-power low rate standard), the improved Ziv-Zakai lower bound (IZZLB) [1] is then more suited to characterize the lower bound on the MSE, than the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB). We express then the lower bound on MSE of maximum likelihood estimator based on perfect knowledge of the 2nd order statistics of the received signal by mean of the IZZLB.