Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mitigation of Human Exposure to RF Fields in Downlink of Millimeter-Wave Cellular Systems

Out of the very few studies that paid proper attention to the harmful health impacts in millimeter-wave (mmW) communications, most of them are concerned about uplink cases due to closer contact with the human body. Our recent study revealed that even the human exposure to radio frequency (RF) fields in downlink mmW technology is not very minimum to be ignored. There were a few RF exposure mitigation techniques for uplinks, but the downlink scenario is hardly paid any attention. However, this paper proposes a downlink protocol for mmW cellular communications that achieves the maximum data rate while keeping the impacts on human health minimized. Our results show that the proposed technique lowers both power density (PD) and specific absorption rate (SAR) compared to the typical protocol, with only slight sacrifice in data rates.
Direct Effects of Type I Interferons on Cells of the Immune System

Type I interferons (IFN-I) are well-known inducers of tumor cell apoptosis and antiangiogenesis via signaling through a common receptor interferon alpha receptor (IFNAR). IFNAR induces the Janus activated kinase–signal transducer and activation of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway in most cells, along with other biochemical pathways that may differentially operate, depending on the responding cell subset, and jointly control a large collection of genes. IFNs-I were found to systemically activate natural killer (NK) cell activity. Recently, mouse experiments have shown that IFNs-I directly activate other cells of the immune system, such as antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC) and CD4 and CD8 T cells. Signaling through the IFNAR in T cells is critical for the acquisition of effector functions. Cross-talk between IFNAR and the pathways turned on by other surface lymphocyte receptors has been described. Importantly, IFNs-I also increase antigen presentation of the tumor cells to be recognized by T lymphocytes. These IFN-driven immunostimulatory pathways offer opportunities to devise combinatorial immunotherapy strategies. Clin Cancer Res; 17(9); 2619–27. ©2011 AACR.
Composition‐Aware Scene Optimization for Product Images

Increasingly, companies are creating product advertisements and catalog images using computer renderings of 3D scenes. A common goal for these companies is to create aesthetically appealing compositions that highlight objects of interest within the context of a scene. Unfortunately, this goal is challenging, not only due to the need to balance the trade‐off among aesthetic principles and design constraints, but also because of the huge search space induced by possible camera parameters, object placement, material choices, etc. Previous methods have investigated only optimization of camera parameters. In this paper, we develop a tool that starts from an initial scene description and a set of high‐level constraints provided by a stylist and then automatically generates an optimized scene whose 2D composition is improved. It does so by locally adjusting the 3D object transformations, surface materials, and camera parameters. The value of this tool is demonstrated in a variety of applications motivated by product catalogs, including rough layout refinement, detail image creation, home planning, cultural customization, and text inlay placement. Results of a perceptual study indicate that our system produces images preferable for product advertisement compared to a more traditional camera‐only optimization.
Performance evaluation of wireless networks on chip architectures

The performance benefits of conventional Network-on-Chip (NoC) architectures are limited by the high latency and energy dissipation in long distance multihop communication between embedded cores. To alleviate these problems, wireless on-chip networks are envisioned. Using miniaturized on-chip antennas as an enabling technology, wireless NoCs (WiNoCs) can be designed. In this paper we elaborate on the design methodology and technology requirements for a WiNoC and evaluate its performance. It is demonstrated that a WiNoC outperforms its wireline counterpart in terms of network throughput and latency, and that energy dissipation improves by an order of magnitude.
MoMS: Multi-objective miniaturization of software

Smart phones, gaming consoles, and wireless routers are ubiquitous; the increasing diffusion of such devices with limited resources, together with society's unsatiated appetite for new applications, pushes companies to miniaturize their programs. Miniaturizing a program for a hand-held device is a time-consuming task often requiring complex decisions. Companies must accommodate conflicting constraints: customers' satisfaction with features may be in conflict with a device's limited storage, memory, or battery life. This paper proposes a process, MoMS, for the multi-objective miniaturization of software to help developers miniaturize programs while satisfying multiple conflicting constraints. It can be used to support the reverse engineering, next release problem, and porting of both software and product lines. The process directs the elicitation of customer pre-requirements, their mapping to program features, and the selection of the features to port. We present two case studies based on Pooka, an email client, and SIP Communicator, an instant messenger, to demonstrate that MoMS supports optimized miniaturization and helps reduce effort by 77%, on average, over a manual approach.
Nucleic Acid Dipstick Test for Molecular Diagnosis of Pandemic H1N1

ABSTRACT A new nucleic acid amplification-based rapid test for diagnosis of pandemic influenza (H1N1) 2009 virus was developed. The molecular test for pandemic H1N1, SAMBA ( s imple am plification- b ased a ssay), is based on isothermal amplification and visual detection on a dipstick characterized by high sensitivity, high specificity, a short turnaround time, and minimal technical requirements. The amplification step is monitored with an internal control to ensure correct interpretation of test results. The clinical performance of this assay was evaluated using blinded RNA samples extracted from nasal/throat swab specimens from 262 patients exhibiting influenza-like illness. Compared with the United Kingdom National Standard Method, based on quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the new assay were 95.3% (95% confidence interval, 88.5 to 98.7%), 99.4% (95% confidence interval, 96.9 to 99.9%), 98.8% (95% confidence interval, 93.5 to 99.9%), and 97.8% (95% confidence interval, 94.4 to 99.4%), respectively. The SAMBA for pandemic H1N1 provides a new technology that could potentially facilitate timely diagnosis and management of infected individuals, thereby informing decision making with regard to patient isolation during a pandemic outbreak.
The Transformation of Information Visualization : An Evolving Form of Interactive Storytelling

In recent years the media industry has seen significant growth in the field of information visualization. Information visualization, also known as data visualization, infographics or InfoVis, is the visual representation of complex data sets or knowledge. As technology advances and mass adoption continues, research is exploring the techniques of information visualization and increasing its efficiency. Studies have shown that it is easier for the human brain to gain insights if data is presented visually. This paper addresses the best practices for designing infographics and presenting complex data by examining successful techniques for storytelling and elements of user experience. In a rapidly evolving industry, it is crucial for practitioners to uphold high standards of design and align goals with those of statisticians. This research will also examine upcoming trends in interactive infographics in order to gain a better understanding of the benefits and challenges to presenting information design through interactive media.
The Effectiveness of Adult Day Services for Disabled Older People

Abstract Adult day care has attracted a considerable amount of attention among researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. However, there have been few efforts to synthesize empirical results. This paper reviews research that determines the effectiveness of adult day services in improving client functioning, alleviating caregiver stress, and delaying nursing home placement. In addition, the strengths and limitations of the research are considered. This paper concludes with a discussion of policy-relevant issues that must be addressed when determining the effectiveness of adult day services.
Constraints on a quintessence model from gravitational lensing statistics

Constraints on an exact quintessence scalar-field model with an exponential potential are derived from gravitational lens statistics. An exponential potential can account for data from both optical quasar surveys and radio-selected sources. Based on the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey (CLASS) sample, lensing statistics provides, for the pressureless matter density parameter, an estimate of Ω M0 = 0.31 +0.12 -0.14 .
Dipole Anisotropies of IRAS Galaxies and the Contribution of a Large-Scale Local Void

Recent observations of dipole anisotropies show that the velocity of the Local Group (vG) induced by the clustering of IRAS galaxies has an amplitude and direction similar to those of the velocity of the cosmic microwave background dipole anisotropy (vCMB), but the difference |vG - vCMB| is still ~170 km s-1, which is about 28% of |vCMB|. Here we consider the possibility that the origin of this difference comes from a hypothetical large-scale local void, with which we can account for the accelerating behavior of Type Ia supernovae due to the spatial inhomogeneity of the Hubble constant without dark energies and derive the constraint to the model parameters of the local void. It is found as a result that the distance between the Local Group and the center of the void must be 10-20 h-1 Mpc, whose accurate value depends on the background model parameters.
A comparison of cyclic variations in anterior knee laxity, genu recurvatum, and general joint laxity across the menstrual cycle

Changes in anterior knee laxity (AKL), genu recurvatum (GR) and general joint laxity (GJL) were quantified across days of the early follicular and early luteal phases of the menstrual cycle in 66 females, and the similarity in their pattern of cyclic variations examined. Laxity was measured on each of the first 6 days of menses (M1–M6) and the first 8 days following ovulation (L1–L8) over two cycles. The largest mean differences were observed between L5 and L8 for AKL (0.32 mm), and between L5 and M1 for GR (0.56°) and GJL (0.26) (p < 0.013). At the individual level, mean absolute cyclic changes in AKL (1.8 ± 0.7 mm, 1.6 ± 0.7 mm), GR (2.8 ± 1.0°, 2.4 ± 1.0°), and GJL (1.1 ± 1.1, 0.7 ± 1.0) were more apparent, with minimum, maximum and delta values being quite consistent from month to month (ICC2,3 = 0.51–0.98). Although the average daily pattern of change in laxity was quite similar between variables (Spearman correlation range 0.61 and 0.90), correlations between laxity measures at the individual level were much lower (range −0.07 to 0.43). Substantial, similar, and reproducible cyclic changes in AKL, GR, and GJL were observed across the menstrual cycle, with the magnitude and pattern of cyclic changes varying considerably among females. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:1411–1417, 2010
A flexible automated procedure for modeling complex arrival processes

To automate the multiresolution procedure of Kuhl and Wilson for modeling and simulating arrival processes that exhibit long-term trends and nested periodic effects (such as daily, weekly, and monthly cycles), we present a statistical-estimation method that involves the following steps at each resolution level corresponding to a basic cycle: (a) transforming the cumulative relative frequency of arrivals within the cycle (for example, the percentage of all arrivals as a function of the day of the week within the weekly cycle) to obtain a statistical model with normal, constant-variance responses; (b) fitting a specially formulated polynomial to the transformed responses; (c) performing a likelihood ratio test to determine the degree of the fitted polynomial; and (d) fitting a polynomial of the degree determined in (c) to the original (untransformed) responses. An example demonstrates Web-based software that implements this flexible approach to handling complex arrival processes.
Swing State: The Downs and Ups of Accountability in California

Bearing material comprises strip of cloth having upper surface of fluorocarbon resin threads and lower surface comprising metallic threads soldered to a metallic supporting strip. Fluorocarbon threads are embedded in a resin layer which is partially hardened before the material is cut and shaped, but completely hardened only after shaping has been completed.
Improvement of Proximal Support Vector Machine and Its Application in a New Method of Making a Mixed Refrigerant in the Ground Source Heat Pump System

To solve the problem of the refrigerant performance in a ground source heat pump system, the existing proximal support vector machine (1) has been improved and updated into a Weighted Proximal Support Vector Machine (PSVM) model. Meanwhile, through analyzing and researching into the commonly-used refrigerants in the ground source heat pump system, a new method of making a mixed refrigerant for the system is put forward by applying PSVM. Copyright © 2014 IFSA Publishing, S. L.
A recursive-faulting model of distributed damage in confined brittle materials

We develop a model of distributed damage in brittle materials deforming in triaxial compression based on the explicit construction of special microstructures obtained by recursive faulting. The model aims to predict the effective or macroscopic behavior of the material from its elastic and fracture properties; and to predict the microstructures underlying the microscopic behavior. The model accounts for the elasticity of the matrix, fault nucleation and the cohesive and frictional behavior of the faults. We analyze the resulting quasistatic boundary value problem and determine the relaxation of the potential energy, which describes the macroscopic material behavior averaged over all possible fine-scale structures. Finally, we present numerical calculations of the dynamic multi-axial compression experiments on sintered aluminum nitride of Chen and Ravichandran [1994. Dynamic compressive behavior of ceramics under lateral confinement. J. Phys. IV 4, 177–182; 1996a. Static and dynamic compressive behavior of aluminum nitride under moderate confinement. J. Am. Soc. Ceramics 79(3), 579–584; 1996b. An experimental technique for imposing dynamic multiaxial compression with mechanical confinement. Exp. Mech. 36(2), 155–158; 2000. Failure mode transition in ceramics under dynamic multiaxial compression. Int. J. Fracture 101, 141–159]. The model correctly predicts the general trends regarding the observed damage patterns; and the brittle-toductile transition resulting under increasing confinement. r 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Coxiella burnetii Transcriptional Analysis Reveals Serendipity Clusters of Regulation in Intracellular Bacteria

Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of the zoonotic disease Q fever, is mainly transmitted to humans through an aerosol route. A spore-like form allows C. burnetii to resist different environmental conditions. Because of this, analysis of the survival strategies used by this bacterium to adapt to new environmental conditions is critical for our understanding of C. burnetii pathogenicity. Here, we report the early transcriptional response of C. burnetii under temperature stresses. Our data show that C. burnetii exhibited minor changes in gene regulation under short exposure to heat or cold shock. While small differences were observed, C. burnetii seemed to respond similarly to cold and heat shock. The expression profiles obtained using microarrays produced in-house were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. Under temperature stresses, 190 genes were differentially expressed in at least one condition, with a fold change of up to 4. Globally, the differentially expressed genes in C. burnetii were associated with bacterial division, (p)ppGpp synthesis, wall and membrane biogenesis and, especially, lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan synthesis. These findings could be associated with growth arrest and witnessed transformation of the bacteria to a spore-like form. Unexpectedly, clusters of neighboring genes were differentially expressed. These clusters do not belong to operons or genetic networks; they have no evident associated functions and are not under the control of the same promoters. We also found undescribed but comparable clusters of regulation in previously reported transcriptomic analyses of intracellular bacteria, including Rickettsia sp. and Listeria monocytogenes. The transcriptomic patterns of C. burnetii observed under temperature stresses permits the recognition of unpredicted clusters of regulation for which the trigger mechanism remains unidentified but which may be the result of a new mechanism of epigenetic regulation.
VR2Go™: a new method for virtual reality development

VR2GoTM is a new technology for developing virtual reality content that: • Reduces software and hardware costs • Utilizes generic WindowsTM and MacintoshTM computers • Eliminates the need for expensive graphics workstations • Expands the range of developers beyond the computer scientists and skilled programmers • Enables all creative developers, including children, to create virtual reality content • Expands the market by making the technology more accessible • Revolutionizes virtual reality delivery (CAVE, Stereo Goggles,Virtual Desks,Web, CD/DVD, Multimedia, etc.)
The Role of Fibroblasts in Complex Fractionated Electrograms During Persistent/Permanent Atrial Fibrillation: Implications for Electrogram-Based Catheter Ablation

Rationale: Electrogram-based catheter ablation, targeting complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs), is empirically known to be effective in halting persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the mechanisms underlying CFAEs and electrogram-based ablation remain unclear. Objective: Because atrial fibrosis is associated with persistent/permanent AF, we hypothesized that electrotonic interactions between atrial myocytes and fibroblasts play an important role in CFAE genesis and electrogram-based catheter ablation. Methods and Results: We used a human atrial tissue model in heart failure and simulated propagation and spiral wave reentry with and without regionally proliferated fibroblasts. Coupling of fibroblasts to atrial myocytes resulted in shorter action potential duration, slower conduction velocity, and lower excitability. Consequently, heterogeneous fibroblast proliferation in the myocardial sheet resulted in frequent spiral wave breakups, and the bipolar electrograms recorded at the fibroblast proliferation area exhibited CFAEs. The simulations demonstrated that ablation targeting such fibroblast-derived CFAEs terminated AF, resulting from the ablation site transiently pinning the spiral wave and then pushing it out of the fibroblast proliferation area. CFAEs could not be attributed to collagen accumulation alone. Conclusions: Fibroblast proliferation in atria might be responsible for the genesis of CFAEs during persistent/permanent AF. Our findings could contribute to better understanding of the mechanisms underlying CFAE-targeted AF ablation.
Simulating colliding flows in smoothed particle hydrodynamics with fractional derivatives

We propose a new method based on the use of fractional differentiation for improving the efficiency and realism of simulations based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). SPH represents a popular particle‐based approach for fluid simulation and a high number of particles is typically needed for achieving high quality results. However, as the number of simulated particles increase, the speed of computation degrades accordingly. The proposed method employs fractional differentiation to improve the results obtained with SPH in a given resolution. The approach is based on the observation that effects requiring a high number of particles are most often produced from colliding flows, and therefore, when the modeling of this behavior is improved, higher quality results can be achieved without changing the number of particles being simulated. Our method can be employed to reduce the resolution without significant loss of quality, or to improve the quality of the simulation in the current chosen resolution. The advantages of our method are demonstrated with several quantitative evaluations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural vs Practical Identifiability in System Biology

The relevance of model identiability structural identiability and does not require to use data collected in the exper- iment which, instead, data-based approaches do. The two methods are compared and evaluated in the identiability analysis of a much quoted biological model, the core model of erythropoietin (Epo) and Epo recep- tor (EpoR) interaction.
Scalable Interprocedural Analysis A Pragmatic Approach

When analyzing a program via an abstract interpretation framework we would like to analyze the program in a context-sensitive interprocedural manner. Analyzing the program in a manner that considers interprocedural flow can lead to much more accurate re sults than local or context-insensitive analyses. However, the computational cost (both time and memory consumption) associated with context-sensitive interprocedural analysis techniques m akes them infeasible for all but very small programs or simple domains. This paper presents several novel, domain independent, heuristics for reducing the cost of analyzing a program in a contextsensitive manner while having a small impact on the precision of the results. The heuristics are motivated by observations a bout fundamental properties of software design and the semantics of iterative dataflow analysis. We validate the effectiveness of the heuristics via experimental evaluation which shows both good scalability and high precision of the results.
Improving Privacy in Cryptographic Elections

This report describes two simple extensions to the paper A Robust and Veriiable Cryptographically Secure Election Scheme presented in the 1985 Symposium on the Foundations of Computer Science. The rst extension allows the \government" to be divided into an arbitrary number of \tellers". With this extension, trust in any one teller is suucient to assure privacy, even if the remaining tellers conspire in an attempt to breach privacy. The second extension allows a government to reveal (and convince voters of) the winner in an election without releasing the actual tally. Combining these two extensions in a uniform manner remains an open problem.