Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optical properties of liquid tin between 0.62 and 3.7 eV

The optical constants of liquid tin at 261 /sup 0/C have been deduced from ellipsometric measurements for photon energies between 0.62 and 3.7 eV. Liquid tin behaves like a nearly-free-electron metal over the measured range. The Drude parameters were derived from the real part of the dielectric constant, giving tau=4.90 x 10/sup -16/ sec for the relaxation time and m*/m=0.98 for the ratio of the effective mass to free-electron mass. Comparison is made with previous results for liquid tin and also with data for solid tin.
Method for shield tunnel cross-section curve reconstruction based on FBG sensors and neural network

: To improve the accuracy of reconstructing morphology in shield tunnel monitoring by fiber-optic Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, a Transformer network-based optimized tunnel cross-sectional curve reconstruction method is proposed to solve the problem of low reconstruction accuracy due to the cumulative error of discrete curvature points. In this research, the optimization method uses all interpolation points as initial points to minimize the cumulative error in fitting the curve with discrete curvature points. Simulation model experiments of the shield tunnel were carried out to verify the accuracy of the optimization method in reconstructing the tunnel section curve. The results show that the shield tunnel simulation model experiments, more accurate tunnel section reconstruction curves were obtained using this optimization method, increasing reconstruction accuracy by 27.3424%.
Influence of Shift Work on Arterial Stiffness and Systemic Inflammation

Shift workers may have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Circadian rhythm disturbances with sleep deficit could among others result in increased sympathetic activity and increased inflammation. A three-year follow-up study in industry shows that shift work increases arterial stiffening reflecting increased risk for future CVD. Objective To assess changes in cardiovascular disease risk factors during a 3-year follow-up among 57 rotating shift workers and 29 day workers in industry. Methods We collected demographics by questionnaire, examined blood pressure, heart rate, pulse wave velocity, carotid media thickness, and maximal oxygen uptake. We assessed blood samples for determination of lipids, glycosylated hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, markers of inflammation, and particle concentrations/respirable dust. Baseline comparisons were analyzed using logistic regression (plaque) and linear regression for all other outcomes. We applied mixed models to assess differences in change in health outcomes between the shift workers and the day workers. Results At baseline, the adhesion molecules soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and soluble P-selectin were elevated among the shift workers compared with that of the day workers. There was a significant difference in change in pulse wave velocity between shift workers (1.29-m/s increase) and day workers (0.11-m/s increase) over the 3-year follow-up. Respirable dust levels were below the Norwegian occupational exposure limit. Conclusions Shift work in industry is associated with arterial stiffening reflecting increased risk for future cardiovascular disease. More uncertainly, we found some support for systemic inflammation.
Unified Kinematic Analysis of General Planar Parallel Manipulators

A kinematic mapping of planar displacements is used to derive generalized constraint equations having the form of ruled quadric surfaces in the image space. The forward kinematic problem for all three-legged, three-degree-of-freedom planar parallel manipulators thus reduces to determining the points of intersection of three of these constraint surfaces, one corresponding to each leg. The inverse kinematic solutions, though trivial, are implicit in the formulation of the constraint surface equations. Herein the forward kinematic solutions of planar parallel robots with arbitral, mixed leg architecture are exposed completely, and in a unified way, for the first time. Copyright
Methodological Considerations in the Kinematic and Kinetic Analysis of Human Movement among Healthy Adolescents: A Scoping Review of Nonlinear Measures in Data Processing

Nonlinear measures have increasingly revealed the quality of human movement and its behaviour over time. Further analyses of human movement in real contexts are crucial for understanding its complex dynamics. The main objective was to identify and summarize the nonlinear measures used in data processing during out-of-laboratory assessments of human movement among healthy adolescents. Summarizing the methodological considerations was the secondary objective. The inclusion criteria were as follows: According to the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework, healthy teenagers between 10 and 19 years old that reported kinetic and/or kinematic nonlinear data-processing measurements related to human movement in non-laboratory settings were included. PRISMA-ScR was used to conduct this review. PubMed, Science Direct, the Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched. Studies published between the inception of the database and March 2022 were included. In total, 10 of the 2572 articles met the criteria. The nonlinear measures identified included entropy (n = 8), fractal analysis (n = 3), recurrence quantification (n = 2), and the Lyapunov exponent (n = 2). In addition to walking (n = 4) and swimming (n = 2), each of the remaining studies focused on different motor tasks. Entropy measures are preferred when studying the complexity of human movement, especially multiscale entropy, with authors also carefully combining different measures, namely entropy and fractal analysis.
Comparison of the Content of Extractives in the Bark of the Trunk and the Bark of the Branches of Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.)

The main objective of our study was to investigate the possible differences in the chemical composition of extractives from the bark of silver fir (Abies alba) with respect to the location of the bark sample on the tree, viz. differences in extract composition between stem bark and branch bark samples. Extractives in the bark samples from branches, depending on the distance of the sample from the trunk, were also analysed, and the stem bark samples were analysed with respect to their inner and outer parts. The results of the chemical analysis of extractives were supported by information about their antifungal and antioxidant effects. After felling and sampling silver fir trees, the collected bark samples were ground and freeze-dried. Extraction of bark samples was followed by a system of accelerated extraction using only water as a solvent. The extracts were analysed chemically using gravimetry, spectrophotometry and chromatography. Free-radical-scavenging activity was measured using the DPPH method, and the antifungal effect towards three moulds and three wood-decaying fungi was investigated with antifungal assay using the agar well diffusion method. It was found that the moisture content in bark samples decreased intensively just after the bark samples were peeled off the stem. Detailed chromatographic analysis showed that the bark extracts contained 14 compounds, among which phenolic acids, flavonoids and lignans were found to be the characteristic ones. The content of hydrophilic extractives in the branch bark samples decreased with increasing distance of the sample location from the tree stem. The largest amounts of phenolic extractives were measured in stem bark, followed by branch bark sampled at the point at which the branch entered the tree. Analysis of the separated parts of the bark showed that the outer layers of stem bark contained larger amounts of phenolic extractives, as well catechin and epicatechin, compared to the inner layers. Concentrated extracts of branch bark showed the largest free-radical-scavenging activity among the investigated samples, while strong antifungal effects of the bark extract were not found.
The Regression Fallacy

This paper examines mathematically the origin of the regression toward the mean phenomenon. The magnitude of regression effect in terms of mean and mean percentage change for a selected target population was calculated under the assumption of a bivariate normal distribution. The impact of regression effect on the statistical estimation of a treatment effect was addressed. Methods to reduce and to adjust for regression effect were reviewed and discussed. Questions concerning the designs and the analyses of clinical trials in light of the presence of regression effect were posed.
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Liver and Kidney Toxicity in Rat

Aims: Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), which have potential hazards for organisms and the environment in a number of applications, have emerged as a prominent class of nanomaterials. Study Design: This study aimed to investigate the effect of copper oxide nanoparticles in rat liver and kidney tissues. Methodology: A total of 20 adult male rats were assigned randomly to 2 groups [1st, control; 2nd, CuO NPs (400 mg/kg body weight/day) intraperitoneally for 4 weeks]. Results: Current results revealed significant increases in serum ALT, AST, urea, creatinine, potassium ions and liver and kidney tissue damage after CuO NPs administration when compared to control group. Conversely, statistical significant decreases were detected in serum albumin, total proteins, calcium and sodium ions levels in CuO NPs group as compared to control group. Conclusion: We can conclude that; CuO NPs induced toxicity and injury in rat liver and kidney tissues.
Analysis of zero-inflated Poisson data incorporating extent of exposure

When analyzing Poisson count data sometimes a high frequency of extra zeros is observed. The Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP) model is a popular approach to handle zero-inflation. In this paper we generalize the ZIP model and its regression counterpart to accommodate the extent of individual exposure. Empirical evidence drawn from an occupational injury data set confirms that the incorporation of exposure information can exert a substantial impact on the model fit. Tests for zero-inflation are also considered. Their finite sample properties are examined in a Monte Carlo study.
InP tunable ring resonator filters

Optical channelizing filters with narrow linewidth are of interest for optical processing of microwave signals. Fabrication tolerances make it difficult to place exactly the optical resonance frequency within the microwave spectrum as is required for many applications. Therefore, efficient tuning of the filter resonance is essential. In this paper we present a tunable ring resonator filter with an integrated semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) fabricated on an InP based photonic integrated circuit (PIC) platform. The ring resonance is tuned over 37 GHz with just 0.2 mA of current injection into a passive phase section. The use of current injection is often more efficient than thermal tuning using heaters making them useful for low-power applications. The single active ring resonator has an electrical FWHM of 1.5 GHz and shows greater than 16 dB of extinction between on and off resonance. The effects of SOA internal ring gain and induced passive loss on extinction and linewidth will be shown. Agreement between experimentally demonstrated devices and simulations are shown. The integration of the active and passive regions is done using quantum well intermixing and the resonators utilize buried heterostructure waveguides. The fabrication process of these filters is compatible with the monolithic integration of DBR lasers and high speed modulators enabling single chip highly functional PICs for the channelizing of RF signals.
Test-retest reliability of the computerized rotational head impulse test in the pediatric population

Background: This study aimed to determine the test-retest reliability of the computerized rotational head impulse test (crHIT) as an additional clinical tool to assess horizontal semi-circular canal (HSCC) function in pediatric population.Methods: To determine the test re-test reliability of the crHIT, the study included 29 normally developing children with a mean age of 12.2 years±2.7 (range: 8-17 years) with no history of vestibular symptoms and disorders. Participants underwent two crHITs within one session and one crHIT in the following session. Each crHIT included one protocol using an earth fixed target. The test-retest reliability was determined using a quantitative research approach with a repeated measures design.Results: Mean angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) gain of 1.01 (session 1), 1.00 (session 2), and 1.01 (session 3) were obtained. Regression analysis revealed no significant difference for leftward rotations within-session (p=0.608) and between-session (p=0.318) for the differences measured. The same was seen for rightward rotations revealing no significant difference within-session (p=0.631) and between-session (p=0.523). Conclusions: The crHIT is a reliable clinical tool in assessing HSCC functioning in the pediatric population as it demonstrates good test-retest repeatability. The crHIT is a valuable complementary assessment to the video head impulse test (vHIT), since it is well tolerated by children, it is simple to administer and head velocities of >100°/sec are easily attainable. Extending the pediatric vestibular test battery with crHIT can be a valuable diagnostic tool without adding to the overall test time.
Many Body Effect in Inner Shell Photoemission and Photoabsorption Spectra of La Compounds

Theoretical analysis is made for spectra of the 3 d core photoemission (3 d -XPS) and 2 p core photoabsorption ( L 3 -XAS) in insulating La compounds La 2 O 3 , LaF 3 and LaCl 3 by using the single-site Anderson model. In order to give a consistent interpretation for 3 d -XPS and L 3 -XAS, it is essentially important to take into account, in the final state of L 3 -XAS, the Coulomb interaction U f d (between 4 f and 5 d electrons) and - U d c (between a 5 d electron and a core hole) in addition to - U f c (between a 4 f electron and a core hole). A similar analysis is also presented for the intermetallic cornpound LaPd 3 .
Genetic analysis of four indigenous duck populations of north-east India using microsatellite markers

The genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of four duck populations, viz. Pati, Nageswari, Manipur and Tripura ducks of north eastern region of India wereinvestigated by employing genetic polymorphisms of 25 microsatellites. The mean observed and effective number of alleles were found to be 2.670 and 1.949 respectively in all the four duck populations over 25 loci. The mean expected heterozygosity (He) was lower than the mean observed heterozygosity (Ho). Among all the populations, the He of Manipur ducks was the highest (0.443), followed by Tripura ducks (0.435), whereas Pati ducks was the lowest (0.396). The average He of all populations for all the loci was 0.420. The average PIC of all sites and populations was 0.366. However, CAUD007 in Manipur, Nageswari and Pati ducks, CAUD009 in Pati ducks, CAUD069 in Tripura ducks, and CAUD012 in all the four duck populations were found to be monomorphic. The test of Hardy- Weinberg Equilibrium showed that most of the loci in all the four populations were in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium. The FST value ranged between 0.000(CAUD012) and 0.512 (CAUD009) for each locus individually. The mean FST was 0.120. The genetic distance between Tripura ducks and Manipur ducks was the longest (0.2495) followed by Manipur and Nageswari ducks (0.2090) and, Nageswari and Pati ducks (0.1790).
The Mediating Role of Relational and Transactional Psychological Contract Fulfilment on the Relationship between Strength of the HR Signals and Job Satisfaction

The article is an employee-level, quantitative survey-based study investigating the relationship between HR signals and job satisfaction through the intermediary role of psychological contract (PC) fulfilment. Signalling theory and attributional theory provide the theoretical context to the study linking HR signals to job satisfaction. PC fulfilment has been viewed in terms of relational and transactional contract types. Analysis of the mediating ability of the two PC types reveals the differential extent of influencing the considered relationship. Primary data, in terms of employee responses from participating firms, have been collected through questionnaires. A two-step sampling process has been followed to select participating firms and respondents. Structural equation modelling has been carried out to examine the hypothesized relationships among the variables. The study contributes to the literature and has implications for practising managers. It provides evidence towards the attributional role of HR signals within firms. Moreover, it reveals a higher mediating effect by relational PC fulfilment than transactional PC fulfilment. Based on the study’s findings, practising managers need to pay closer attention to relational PCs than transactional PCs. The study contributes to a better understanding of the role of HR signals in manufacturing sector firms. The time, cost incurred for the survey and accessibility to firms for participation are some of the significant limitations affecting the study.
Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Intra-articular Injection of Chondroitin Sulfate and Sodium Hyaluronate in Mechanically Induced Temporomandibular Joint Injury in Rabbits

BACKGROUND: Degenerative arthritis is the most common form of arthritis, usually affecting the hands, feet, spine, knees, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) as well. TMJ degenerative arthritis causes symptoms of painful joints, loss of joint function, limited mouth opening, joint instability, and clicking. Non-surgical symptomatic treatments can successfully be used to treat patients with degenerative arthritis. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of intra-articular injection of chondroitin sulfate and sodium hyaluronate in mechanically induced acute injury in TMJ of rabbits. METHODS: An animal study was conducted, all rabbits received a mechanical injury using a contra-angle handpiece with a speed of 120 rpm of a fissure bur 4 mm in diameter and 4 mm in depth extending to subchondral bone. Thirty-two rabbits were randomized into four groups: Control group, sodium hyaluronate “SH” group, chondroitin sulfate “CS” group, and “CS-SH” group. After 7 days, rabbits in the control group, “SH” group, “CS” group, and “CS-SH” group were respectively treated with normal saline, sodium hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate, or combination of CS&SH injection in the TMJ. All animals were treated once weekly for 3 weeks. A histological evaluation was performed. RESULTS: Histological findings showed a significantly reduced inflammatory cell, bone resorption, and fibrosis in the CS-HA-treated group. CONCLUSION: CS-SH injection has an anti-inflammatory effect on TMJ degenerative arthritis and aids in the reparative process.
Health Equity Considerations: HIV Intervention Adaptation for Black Women in Community Corrections

Objectives: This article describes the process used to adapt the only group-based, computer-assisted, HIV/sexually transmitted infections (STI) prevention intervention designed for drug-using Black women in community corrections using an integrated health equity ADAPT-ITT framework with a peer engagement lens. Methods: Key adaptation partners included cisgender, drug-using Black women in community corrections, and Black, female, community reentry providers slated to deliver the adapted intervention. Focus groups and a study pilot were held. Results: The resulting intervention, Empowering African-American Women on the Road to Health (E-WORTH), features HIV/STI-specific Afrocentric themes of risk and resiliency tailored for and by Black women in the criminal legal system. Evaluation of E-WORTH confirms its cultural resonance. Participants had a 54% lowered odds of testing positive for any STI and reported 38% fewer acts of condomless vaginal or anal intercourse at 12-month follow-up. Conclusions: Findings underscore the need to develop an adaptation model that is explicitly health equity in focus.
Estimation of the Duration Model by Nonparametric Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Penalized Likelihood, and Probability Simulators

Failure to properly treat heterogeneity components in longitudinal analyses can result in an incorrect parametrization of the duration model. Estimation bias is not limited to duration dependence but also extends to the structural parameters. This paper uses Monte Carlo methods to examine the finite sample behavior of three estimators for this problem: nonparametric maximum likelihood, maximum penalized likelihood, and the probability simulator. The authors' results on the estimators' finite sample behavior for this class of model add to limited experimental evidence. They highlight the estimators' computational feasibility and point to their relative strengths in empirical duration modeling. Copyright 1994 by MIT Press.
Improving the Generic Camera Calibration technique by an extended model of calibration display

Generic camera calibration is a method to characterize vision sensors by describing a line of sight for every single pixel. This procedure frees the calibration process from the restriction to pinhole-like optics that arises in the common photogrammetric camera models. Generic camera calibration also enables the calibration of high-frequency distortions, which is beneficial for high-precision measurement systems. The calibration process is as follows: To collect sufficient data for calculating a line of sight for each pixel, active grids are used as calibration reference rather than static markers such as corners of chessboard patterns. A common implementation of active grids are sinusoidal fringes presented on a flat TFT display. So far, the displays have always been treated as ideally flat. In this work we propose new and more sophisticated models to account for additional properties of the active grid display: The refraction of light in the glass cover is taken into account as well as a possible deviation of the top surface from absolute flatness. To examine the effectiveness of the new models, an example fringe projection measurement system is characterized with the resulting calibration methods and with the original generic camera calibration. Evaluating measurements using the different calibration methods shows that the extended display model substantially improves the uncertainty of the measurement system.
Collimation of PetaWatt laser-generated relativistic electron beams propagating through solid matter

Particle-in-cell simulations aimed at developing methods to control the relativistic electron beam blowup observed in recent laser-plasma experiments are described. By radially layering vacuum gaps and/or dissimilar materials with varying ionizability, a negative radial gradient in plasma density would be formed. This gradient results in confining fields that can, in principle, confine the hot electron column to nearly the laser injection spot size. Fully kinetic ion dynamics are included, to account for heavy particle transport effects across interfaces. Potential applications include radiography, electron beam focusing, and perhaps beam collimation for fast ignition. Experiments are presently being planned to test this concept.