Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Herbal medicine Guan Chang Fu Fang enhances 5-fluorouracil cytotoxicity and affects drug-associated genes in human colorectal carcinoma cells

Guan Chang Fu Fang (GCFF) is a natural compound, which is extracted from three medicinal plants, Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. , Patrinia scabiosaefolia and Solanum nigrum L. GCFF has demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of colon cancer. At present, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is the primary active chemotherapeutic agent used for treating colon cancer. Using median-effect and apoptosis analyses, fluorescence microscopy and western blotting, the present study analyzed the association between GCFF and 5-FU in the human colon adenocarcinoma LoVo cell line. The effect of GCFF on the expression of chemotherapeutic agent-associated genes was also investigated. The results of the synergistic analysis revealed that GCFF exhibited a significant effect upon 5-FU-associated cytotoxicity within the LoVo cell line. This effect was observed over a broad dose-inhibition range (5–95%), but was particularly significant in the lower concentrations. The flow cytometry results revealed that low doses of GCFF or 5-FU induced S-phase arrest, as did a low-dose combination of the two drugs. After 48 h, GCFF significantly suppressed the expression levels of the chemotherapeutic agent resistance-associated genes within the colon cancer cells. The western blot analysis revealed that the combined effects of 5-FU and GCFF were due to a regulation of the B-cell lymphoma-2 family of proteins. The findings of the present study suggested that GCFF, when combined with 5-FU, has the potential to be a novel, chemotherapeutic compound for the treatment of colon cancer.
Evaluation of the relationship between injuries and size of gestation stalls relative to size of sows.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether there is a relationship between sow injuries and size of gestation stalls relative to sow size. DESIGN Prospective study. ANIMALS 267 pregnant sows. PROCEDURE Sows were randomly selected from 4 swine farms. Sow and stall measurements were obtained, and injuries were scored on the basis of location, number, and depth. Ratios of stall length to sow length and stall width to sow height were calculated. RESULTS High injury scores were associated with low ratios of stall length to sow length and stall width to sow height. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE A small increase in stall dimensions could reduce injuries and improve well-being of sows considerably.
OF INDIAN INSTITUTES OF

The study explored different characteristics of linking analysis of sixteen IIT websites. All the IITs have their own websites and all websites working under homogeneous Domain Name System (DNS) “. ac.in”. The comparisons of ranking of Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) have been done using WISER, WIF (inlink) and World Rank. The WISER ranking and WIF (in-link) is having correlation i.e. +0.0558824 which implied that there is much association or closeness between two ranking methods. WIF (in-link) rank gave much closer value to the world rank. Hence, the IIT Bombay and IIT Madras secured 1 position and 2 position respectively in WIF (in-link) as well as in world rank; whereas, WIF (in-link) position of IIT Rajasthan shows one position better rank than the world ranking i.e. 15th position. The findings of the study will guide to webmasters and library professionals, so that they can overcome the limitations faced by the users and improve their websites. This study will also help the newly established IITs to improve the world rank with other reputed and older IITs. All the websites of IITs may prepare their world rank to compete with other top institutions websites, like Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Osmotic Balance Regulates Cell Fusion during Mating in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Successful zygote formation during yeast mating requires cell fusion of the two haploid mating partners. To ensure that cells do not lyse as they remodel their cell wall, the fusion event is both temporally and spatially regulated: the cell wall is degraded only after cell–cell contact and only in the region of cell–cell contact. To understand how cell fusion is regulated, we identified mutants defective in cell fusion based upon their defect in mating to a fus1 fus2 strain (Chenevert, J., N. Valtz, and I. Herskowitz. 1994. Genetics 136:1287–1297). Two of these cell fusion mutants are defective in the FPS1 gene, which codes for a glycerol facilitator (Luyten, K., J. Albertyn, W.F. Skibbe, B.A. Prior, J. Ramos, J.M. Thevelein, and S. Hohmann. 1995. EMBO [Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.] J. 14:1360–1371). To determine whether inability to maintain osmotic balance accounts for the defect in cell fusion in these mutants, we analyzed the behavior of an fps1Δ mutant with reduced intracellular glycerol levels because of a defect in the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD1) gene (Albertyn, J., S. Hohmann, J.M. Thevelein, and B.A. Prior. 1994. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:4135– 4144): deletion of GPD1 partially suppressed the cell fusion defect of fps1 mutants. In contrast, overexpression of GPD1 exacerbated the defect. The fusion defect could also be partially suppressed by 1 M sorbitol. These observations indicate that the fusion defect of fps1 mutants results from inability to regulate osmotic balance and provide evidence that the osmotic state of the cell can regulate fusion. We have also observed that mutants expressing hyperactive protein kinase C exhibit a cell fusion defect similar to that of fps1 mutants. We propose that Pkc1p regulates cell fusion in response to osmotic disequilibrium. Unlike fps1 mutants, fus1 and fus2 mutants are not influenced by expression of GPD1 or by 1 M sorbitol. Their fusion defect is thus unlikely to result from altered osmotic balance.
Defect in Microvascular Adaptation to Chronic Changes in Blood Flow in Mice Lacking the Gene Encoding for Dystrophin

Abstract— Dystrophin has a key role in striated muscle mechanotransduction. In mice lacking the gene encoding for dystrophin (mdx mice), the absence of dystrophin and several other proteins of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex induces a defect in flow (shear stress)–mediated NO-dependent dilation (FMD). Because the endothelium is essential for the adaptation of arteries to chronic changes in blood flow, the long-term consequences of this vascular deficiency might affect flow-induced vascular remodeling. Thus, we submitted mouse mesenteric resistance arteries to chronic changes in flow by alternatively ligating arteries. Arteries were thus submitted to high flow (HF), low flow (LF), or normal flow. After 2 weeks, arteries were studied in vitro in an arteriograph. Increases in diameter (from 174±10 to 210±15 &mgr;m, pressure 75 mm Hg) found in HF arteries were not significant in mdx mice. Arterial diameters in LF arteries decreased similarly in control and mdx mice. FMD increased in HF arteries and decreased in LF arteries. FMD was not increased in HF arteries in mdx mice. NO-dependent FMD and NO synthase expression increased in the HF arteries of control mice but not in those of mdx mice. Dilatory and contractile tone, depending on the smooth muscle, was unaffected in HF arteries but decreased in LF arteries of both strains. We conclude that resistance arteries of mdx mice do not adapt properly to chronic changes in flow, inasmuch as the increases in diameter, endothelial NO synthase expression, and FMD did not occur in mdx mice submitted to HF for 2 weeks. This study suggests that blood flow regulation might be disturbed in dystrophin-related myopathies, possibly increasing organ damage.
Novel Neuroprotective GSK-3β Inhibitor Restricts Tat-Mediated HIV-1 Replication

ABSTRACT The implementation of new antiretroviral therapies targeting transcription of early viral proteins in postintegrated HIV-1 can aid in overcoming current therapy limitations. Using high-throughput screening assays, we have previously described a novel Tat-dependent HIV-1 transcriptional inhibitor named 6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime (6BIO). The screening of 6BIO derivatives yielded unique compounds that show potent inhibition of HIV-1 transcription. We have identified a second-generation derivative called 18BIOder as an inhibitor of HIV-1 Tat-dependent transcription in TZM-bl cells and a potent inhibitor of GSK-3β kinase in vitro. Structurally, 18BIOder is half the molecular weight and structure of its parental compound, 6BIO. More importantly, we also have found a different GSK-3β complex present only in HIV-1-infected cells. 18BIOder preferentially inhibits this novel kinase complex from infected cells at nanomolar concentrations. Finally, we observed that neuronal cultures treated with Tat protein are protected from Tat-mediated cytotoxicity when treated with 18BIOder. Overall, our data suggest that HIV-1 Tat-dependent transcription is sensitive to small-molecule inhibition of GSK-3β.
Environmental Diversity in ASIR Region and Its Impact On Tourism Development Sustainability

Since the world Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) issued “Our Common Future” in 1987, the concept of sustainable development has been increasingly prominent in discussions and debates on development. Reinvigorated by Rio Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in 1992, the concept supports a vision in which economic growth complements the environment as opposed to the conviction that more of one means less of the other. Sustainable development refers to sustainable human development because, to state the obvious and oft-repeated wisdom, development is about people. The persistence of human societies is ultimately dependent upon natural environment. To achieve the desired economic growth using tourism as a developmental tool, developing countries need a fast and efficient implementation of proper environmental management principles. Land and other biophysical resources are finite. Therefore, economic growth can only be promoted through better innovations and efficient management of resources. This paper primarily tackles the ecological diversity in Asir, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and its effect on the sustainable development of tourism in the region. The study is based on a comprehensive review of the literature on sustainable tourism studies and environmental diversity in Asir reign in the Kingdom. The findings of the study provided valuable insights into the role of ecological diversity in achieving sustainable tourism. The study examined the interrelationship between sustainable tourism and ecological diversity.
Rademacher Complexity Bounds for Non-I.I.D. Processes

This paper presents the first Rademacher complexity-based error bounds for non-i.i. d. settings, a generalization of similar existing bounds derived for the i.i. d. case. Our bounds hold in the scenario of dependent samples generated by a stationary β-mixing process, which is commonly adopted in many previous studies of non-i.i. d. settings. They benefit from the crucial advantages of Rademacher complexity over other measures of the complexity of hypothesis classes. In particular, they are data-dependent and measure the complexity of a class of hypotheses based on the training sample. The empirical Rademacher complexity can be estimated from such finite samples and lead to tighter generalization bounds. We also present the first margin bounds for kernel-based classification in this non-i.i. d. setting and briefly study their convergence.
Search interface to capture searchers behaviour

Study on searchers behaviour on the internet is one of the interests among internet researcher.Typically, many methods have been used to study the searcher behaviour such as questionnaire and search log analysis.Search log analysis provide in depth information on the keywords that have been used, change or manipulation of the keywords, the number of attempt, and the time taken to complete the s earching. However, the search log is own by the search engine provider, thus obtaining the search log might be difficult.To overcome the problem, new method called search engine interfacing is introduced.This method is aim to interface the search engine using an interface that can accept keywords enter by searcher and send the keywords to the search engine for the results.Before sending the keywords to the search engine, the keywords and other related information will be stored in the database.The search interface has been implemented and used to study user search behaviour based on the given search task.The searching exercise shows that the search interface has successfully capture searchers keywords that reflect their search behaviour.
Optimizing resource allocation for multiple concurrent jobs in grid environment

In a dynamic environment like grid, it is difficult to manage resources at application or user level. In order to support application execution in the context of grid, a resource broker is essential and the task of resource brokering in such a heterogeneous, fast changing, distributed environment is non-trivial. In this paper we present the design and implementation of resource brokering strategies within a multi-agent framework. These strategies help in finding out an optimal allocation of resources for executing multiple concurrent jobs in a grid environment. We discuss the different stages in resource brokering and their implementation within the framework. The paper also presents results of a preliminary implementation and demonstrates the effectiveness of our strategies.
Applying Genetic Algorithms to Test JUH DBs Exceptions

Database represents an essential part of software applications. Many organizations use database as a repository for large amount of current and historical information. With this context testing database applications is a key issue that deserves attention. SQL Exception handling mechanism can increase the reliability of the system and improve the robustness of the software. But the exception handling code that is used to respond to exceptional conditions tends to be the source of the systems failure. It is difficult to test the exception handling by traditional methods. This paper presents a new technique that combines mutation testing and global optimization based search algorithm to test exceptions code in Jordan University Hospital (JUH) database application. Thus, using mutation testing to speed the raising of exception and global optimization technique in order to automatically generate test cases, we used fitness function depends on range of data related to each query. We try to achieve the coverage of three types of PL/SQL exceptions, which are No_Data_Found (NDF), Too_Many_Rows (TMR) and Others exceptions. The results show that TMR exception is not always covered this due to existence of primary key in the query, also uncovered status appear in nested exceptions.
Using big data to study the link between human mobility and socio-economic development

Big Data offer nowadays the potential capability of creating a digital nervous system of our society, enabling the measurement, monitoring and prediction of relevant aspects of socio-economic phenomena in quasi real time. This potential has fueled, in the last few years, a growing interest around the usage of Big Data to support official statistics in the measurement of individual and collective economic well-being. In this work we study the relations between human mobility patterns and socioeconomic development. Starting from nation-wide mobile phone data we extract a measure of mobility volume and a measure of mobility diversity for each individual. We then aggregate the mobility measures at municipality level and investigate the correlations with external socio-economic indicators independently surveyed by an official statistics institute. We find three main results. First, aggregated human mobility patterns are correlated with these socio-economic indicators. Second, the diversity of mobility, defined in terms of entropy of the individual users' trajectories, exhibits the strongest correlation with the external socio-economic indicators. Third, the volume of mobility and the diversity of mobility show opposite correlations with the socioeconomic indicators. Our results, validated against a null model, open an interesting perspective to study human behavior through Big Data by means of new statistical indicators that quantify and possibly "nowcast" the socio-economic development of our society.
Effect of the quality and outcomes framework on diabetes care in the United Kingdom: retrospective cohort study

Objectives To examine the management of diabetes between 2001 and 2007 in the United Kingdom and to assess whether changes in the quality of care reflect existing temporal trends or are a direct result of the implementation of the quality and outcomes framework. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting 147 general practices (annual list size over 1 million) across the UK. Patients People with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Main outcome measures Annual prevalence of diabetes and attainment of process and clinical outcomes over the three years before and the three years after the introduction of the quality and outcomes framework. Results Significant improvements in process and intermediate outcome measures were observed during the six year period, with consecutive annual improvements observed before the introduction of incentives. However, the current diagnostic case definition for the quality and outcomes framework does not capture up to two thirds of people with type 1 diabetes and a third of people with type 2 diabetes. After the introduction of the quality and outcomes framework, existing trends of improvement in glycaemic control, cholesterol levels, and blood pressure were attenuated, particularly in people with diabetes who did not meet the case definition of the quality and outcomes framework. The introduction of the quality and outcomes framework did not lead to improvement in the management of patients with type 1 diabetes, nor to a reduction in the number of patients with type 2 diabetes who had HbA1c levels greater than 10%. Introduction of the quality and outcomes framework may have increased the number of patients with type 2 diabetes with HbA1c levels of ≤7.5%; odds ratio 1.05 (95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.09; P=0.02). Conclusions The management of people with diabetes has improved since the late 1990s, but the impact of the quality and outcomes framework on care is not straightforward; upper thresholds may need to be removed or targets made more challenging if people are to benefit. Many patients in whom care may be suboptimal may not be captured in the quality and outcomes framework assessment.
Performance of the Canada‐France‐Hawaii Telescope Adaptive Optics Bonnette

Extensive results from the commissioning phase of PUEO, the adaptive optics instrument adaptor for the Canada‐France‐Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), are presented and discussed. Analyses of more than 750 images recorded with a CCD and a near‐IR camera on 16 nights in wavelengths from B to H are used to derive the properties of the compensated wavefront and images in a variety of conditions. The performance characteristics of the system are analyzed and presented in several ways, in terms of delivered Strehl ratios, full width half‐maxima (FWHM), and quantities describing the improvements of both. A qualitative description is given of how the properties of the corrected images result from the structure function of the compensated phase. Under median seeing conditions, PUEO delivers essentially diffraction‐limited images at H and K and images with FWHM ∼ 0. ″1 at J and I, and provides significant gains down to B, with guide stars as faint as R = 14. During good conditions, substantial gains were realized with guide stars as faint as R = 17. A simple user interface and software that automatically and continuously optimizes the mode gains during observations makes the operational efficiency extremely high. A few astronomical examples are briefly discussed.
Phosphorylation of unique domains of Src family kinases

Members of the Src family of kinases (SFKs) are non-receptor tyrosine kinases involved in numerous signal transduction pathways. The catalytic, SH3 and SH2 domains are attached to the membrane-anchoring SH4 domain through the intrinsically disordered “Unique” domains, which exhibit strong sequence divergence among SFK members. In the last decade, structural and biochemical studies have begun to uncover the crucial role of the Unique domain in the regulation of SFK activity. This mini-review discusses what is known about the phosphorylation events taking place on the SFK Unique domains, and their biological relevance. The modulation by phosphorylation of biologically relevant inter- and intra- molecular interactions of Src, as well as the existence of complex phosphorylation/dephosphorylation patterns observed for the Unique domain of Src, reinforces the important functional role of the Unique domain in the regulation mechanisms of the Src kinases and, in a wider context, of intrinsically disordered regions in cellular processes.
Automatic Focusing of a Computer-Controlled Microscope

An on-line focusing procedure for a computer-controlled microscope employed in the measurement of human chromosome images is discussed. The method is based on an algorithm proposed by Mendelsohn and Mayall. A focusing accuracy of standard deviation less than 1/20th micron in the slide-objective distance has been achieved. Changes of the focus position with time, and for individual chromosomes within a metaphase, have been investigated. The method has proved insensitive to imperfections in the scanner photocathode. The method has also been used to determine the autofocusing accuracy of an analog metaphase-finding apparatus.
The development of eye movements in the zebrafish (Danio rerio).

We investigated the development of oculomotor activity in zebrafish embryos and larvae of ages 48-96 hrs postfertilization (hpf). The optokinetic response (OKR: smooth tracking movements evoked by a rotating striped drum) improved steadily after its onset at 73 hpf, and by 96 hpf had a achieved a gain (eye velocity/drum velocity) of 0.9, comparable to adult performance. Reset movements (the fast phase of optokinetic nystagmus) developed over 75-81 hpf. The vestibuloocular reflex (VOR: compensatory eye movements evoked by passive rotation of the head) developed over 74-81 hpf, and the associated reset movements, over 76-81 hpf. The VOR was qualitatively normal in dark-reared fish, which excludes an essential role for visual experience in its early development. Spontaneous saccadic movements (the fast shift of eye position) appeared between 81 and 96 hpf, and at 96 hpf had maximum velocities that were comparable to adults. These results are compared to, and found to be incompatible with, two earlier ideas of motor development: behavioral "differentiation" and "encephalization. "
Borderline Personality Disorder

Abstract: Epidemiological and neurobiological perspectives about suicidality in borderline patients are described, highlighting how self‐destructive and seemingly suicidal acts are their “behavioral specialty. ” Principles for management, including the need for a primary clinician to oversee safety, and the pros and cons of both “contracting for safety” and hospitalization are presented. Clinical material is used to illustrate an approach that involves minimal initiative to rescue by therapists, a readiness to comply with patients' wishes for protection (the principle of false submission), and very active interpretation. This approach is contrasted with those advocated by Linehan and Kernberg.
Monopoles, Duality, and String Theory

Dirac showed that the existence of magnetic monopoles would imply quantization of electric charge. I discuss the converse, and propose two 'principles of completeness' which I illustrate with various examples. Presented at the Dirac Centennial Symposium, Tallahassee, Dec. 6-7, 2002.