Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Defining Metabolically Healthy Obesity: Role of Dietary and Lifestyle Factors

Background There is a current lack of consensus on defining metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Limited data on dietary and lifestyle factors and MHO exist. The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence, dietary factors and lifestyle behaviours of metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese and non-obese subjects according to different metabolic health criteria. Method Cross-sectional sample of 1,008 men and 1,039 women aged 45-74 years participated in the study. Participants were classified as obese (BMI ≥30kg/m2) and non-obese (BMI <30kg/m2). Metabolic health status was defined using five existing MH definitions based on a range of cardiometabolic abnormalities. Dietary composition and quality, food pyramid servings, physical activity, alcohol and smoking behaviours were examined. Results The prevalence of MHO varied considerably between definitions (2.2% to 11.9%), was higher among females and generally increased with age. Agreement between MHO classifications was poor. Among the obese, prevalence of MH was 6.8% to 36.6%. Among the non-obese, prevalence of metabolically unhealthy subjects was 21.8% to 87%. Calorie intake, dietary macronutrient composition, physical activity, alcohol and smoking behaviours were similar between the metabolically healthy and unhealthy regardless of BMI. Greater compliance with food pyramid recommendations and higher dietary quality were positively associated with metabolic health in obese (OR 1.45-1.53 unadjusted model) and non-obese subjects (OR 1.37-1.39 unadjusted model), respectively. Physical activity was associated with MHO defined by insulin resistance (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.19-2.92, p = 0.006). Conclusion A standard MHO definition is required. Moderate and high levels of physical activity and compliance with food pyramid recommendations increase the likelihood of MHO. Stratification of obese individuals based on their metabolic health phenotype may be important in ascertaining the appropriate therapeutic or intervention strategy.
Network radar: tomography from round trip time measurements

Knowledge of link specific traffic characteristics is important in the operation and design of wide area networks. Network tomography is a powerful method for measuring characteristics such as delay and loss on network-internal links using end--to--end active probes. Prior work has established the basic mechanisms for the use of tomographic inference techniques in the networking context. However, the measurement methods described in prior network tomography studies require cooperation between sending and receiving end-hosts, which limits the scope of the paths over which the measurements can be made. In this paper, we describe a new network tomographic technique based on round trip time (RTT) measurements which eliminates the need for special-purpose cooperation from receivers. Our technique uses RTT measurements from TCP SYN and SYN-ACK segments to estimate the delay variance of the shared network segment in the standard one sender - two receivers configuration. We call this approach <i>Network Radar</i> since it is analogous to standard radar. We present an analytic evaluation of Network Radar that specifies the variance bounds within which the technique is effective. We also evaluate Network Radar in a series of tests conducted in a controlled laboratory environment using live end hosts and IP routers. These tests demonstrate the boundaries of effectiveness of the RTT-based approach.
CLEFT PALATE IN HIV-EXPOSED NEWBORNS OF MOTHERS ON HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY.

AIMS Cleft lip/palate, though rare, is the commonest head and neck congenital malformation. Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the aetiopathogenesis but the role of in-utero exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is still being investigated. This short communication reports the occurrence of cleft palate in three newborns exposed in-utero to HIV and HAART. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a case series of HIV-exposed newborns observed to have cleft palate among a larger cohort of HIV-exposed and unexposed newborns in a study evaluating the effect of HIV infection and HAART on newborn hearing. The Risk Ratio (RR) was calculated to detect a potential association between in-utero exposure to Efavirenz containing ART and cleft palate. RESULTS Three HIV-exposed newborns with cleft palate were identified during hearing screening performed on 126 HIV-exposed and 121 HIV unexposed newborns. Two had exposure to tenofovir+lamivudine+efavirenz (TDF+3TC+EFV) while the third had exposure to zidovudine+lamivudine+nevirapine (ZDV+3TC+NVP) during the first trimester. There was no statistically significant association between presence of cleft palate and exposure to an EFV containing HAART regimen (p=0.07, RR=10.95 [0.94-126.84]). CONCLUSIONS This communication highlights the possible aetiologic role of HAART in cleft palate, the need for further prospective follow-up studies and establishment of antiretroviral pregnancy, birth and neonatal registries.
DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ SKILL IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT AT SMA NEGERI 1 TORUE THROUGH COOPERATIVE INTEGRATED READING AND COMPOSITION

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan pada SMA Negeri 1 Torue. Subyek penelilitian ini adalah 38 siswa kelas XC tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana keterampilan siswa dalam menulis teks naratif dapat dikembangkan melalui CIRC (Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition). Data dikumpulkan dari observasi, catatan di lapangan, kuesioner, dan tes. Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua siklus. Ada dua kriteria keberhasilan dalam penelitian ini; pertama, siswa harus mendapatkan nilai sama atau lebih dari 70 sebagai nilai individu dan harus dicapai oleh 75% dari keseluruhan jumlah siswa, dan kriteria kedua adalah keterlibatan aktif siswa sama atau lebih dari 75% dari keseluruhan jumlah siswa. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil siklus 1, pencapaian belajar siswa adalah 58% ( 22 dari 38 siswa) mendapatkan nilai diatas 70, dan keterlibatan aktif siswa adalah 72,8%. Setelah menerapkan perencanan yang direvisi dalam siklus 2, pencapaian belajar siswa adalah 79% (30 dari 38 siswa) mendapatkan nilai diatas 70, dan keterlibatan aktif siswa adalah 86,7%. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa hasil siklus 1 tidak memenuhi ke dua kriteria keberhasilan. Pengembangan dan pencapaian kriteria keberhasilan terjadi dalam siklus 2. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa CIRC efektif dalam mengembangkan keterampilan siswa dalam menulis teks naratif. Oleh karena itu, CIRC sangat potensial untuk diterapkan dalam pelajaran menulis. Kata-Kata Kunci: CIRC, mengembangkan, keterampilan menulis, teks naratif.
Declining Revenues and Increasing Enrollments: Strategies for Coping.

The results of a national survey found declining state support and increasing enrollment common in community colleges. The decline in state funding has prompted institutions to seek more funding from local sources and to increase tuition. Respondents in this study indicated they are attempting to avoid enrollment limitations, but also identify coping strategies that effectively restrict access to students. One might infer from data reported here that continued enrollment growth may be adversely affected.
High Power Ultrasound Impulses Induced by Wire-Guided Spark Discharges in Water

Electrical discharges in liquid radiate wide-band high power ultrasound (HPU) pulses which are the result of the initial expansion and later collapse of a transient plasma/vapor-filled cavity located between the high voltage and grounded electrodes. The cavity may be formed by a process of a fast streamer breakdown, or by a slower Joule heating and evaporation mechanism which leads to the development of an initial inter-electrode gas bubble and its subsequent breakdown. An alternative approach is to use fast Joule evaporation of a thin metallic wire placed between the electrodes. The latter method could potentially provide a higher efficiency of conversion of the electrical energy stored in the high-voltage, pulsed power supply into acoustic energy radiated into the liquid as compared with free discharge HPU sources. This would be an advantage in practical applications of spark discharge HPU pulses. The present paper discusses the generation of the acoustic pulses in water by wire-guided spark discharges and describes a phenomenological model which allows the parameters of acoustic emission from these discharges to be obtained. Wire-guided spark discharges with energies up to 1 kJ have been generated by a capacitor-based pulsed power circuitry in a plastic tank tilled with tap water. The acoustic pulses have been monitored by Pinducer sensors. Also, the voltage drop across the discharge, and the electrical current flowing through the discharge have been recorded. A ball deformation gauge has been used to estimate the peak pressure in the acoustic pulses by measuring the acoustically-induced mechanical deformation of a copper sphere. A phenomenological model has also been developed for the cylindrical plasma channel which is created by fast Joule evaporation of the wire and the consequent gas breakdown of the inter-electrode gap spacing. This model enables the calculation of velocity of the plasma channel expansion and the pressure of the radiated acoustic pulse. The experimental and analytical results of the present study provide a general picture of the functional behavior of the peak pressure in the HPU pulses and will allow the optimisation of the parameters of wire-guided spark discharges. This data and the phenomenological model will be of practical interest for the development of industrial applications of such discharges.
RPP: Reference Pattern Based Kernel Prefetching Controller

Conventional kernel prefetching schemes have focused on taking advantage of sequential access patterns that are easy to detect. However, it is observed that, on random and even sequential references, they may cause performance degradation due to inaccurate pattern prediction and overshooting. To address these problems, we propose a novel approach to work with existing kernel prefetching schemes, called Reference Pattern based kernel Prefetching (RPP). The RPP can reduce negative effects of existing schemes by identifying one more reference pattern, i.e., looping, in addition to random and sequential patterns and delaying starting prefetching until patterns are confirmed to be sequential or looping.
Complexity of the Model Checking problem for inquisitive propositional and modal logic

The aim of this paper is to study the complexity of the model checking problem MC for inquisitive propositional logic InqB and for inquisitive modal logic InqM, that is, the problem of deciding whether a given finite structure for the logic satisfies a given formula. In recent years, this problem has been thoroughly investigated for several variations of dependence and teams logics, systems closely related to inquisitive logic. Building upon some ideas presented by Yang, we prove that the model checking problems for InqB and InqM are both AP-complete.
An Evolution of the Non-Parameter Harris Affine Corner Detector: A Distributed Approach

A parallel version of a new automatic Harris-based corner detector is presented. A scheduler to dynamically and homogeneously distribute high computational workload on heterogeneous parallel architectures such as Grid systems has been implemented to speedup the whole procedure. Experimental results show the robustness of the underlying scheduler, which can be easily exploited in various automatic image analysis systems.
Geographic Routing In Vanets : A Study

Road accidents cause loss of materials and even lives. Accidents are caused mainly because of violation of traffic rules. If we would be able to perfectly perceive the violation of these rules, then its sure that there will be lesser accidents and traffic will be managed more efficiently. Therefore, due to the necessity of the hour and also because of the existence of advanced network technologies, communication community have recently proposed the concept of Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs). VANETs are a category of ad hoc networks that is aimed to monitor the traffic, which enables the vehicles communication and help in better implementation of traffic rules hence accidents are reduced and the traffic can be managed more efficiently. VANETs are helpful in improving the transportation system, increasing safety of moving vehicles and are also helpful in providing other applications of desire to moving vehicles. Existing wireless networks can also be integrated with these networks to enhance the connectivity while moving. An overabundance of applications concerning to accident aversion, traffic efficiency and infotainment are also enabled with the commercial establishment of vehicular networks. VANETs resemble the operation technology of MANETs in the sense that process of self-organization and self-management criteria remains the same. However, high speed, uncertain mobility and hard delay constraints of the mobile nodes travelling along fixed paths are the differentiating characteristic of VANETs. The rest of this article is organised as follows. In section II various existing Routing protocols in VANETs are explained. Section III specifically Position based routing protocols are elaborated in detail. Finally in section IV a comparison and discussion of the existing geographical based routing techniques have been carried out.
Entrepreneurship education: the value of bricolage and reflexivity

On the basis of our co-operative inquiry, we suggest that the concepts of bricolage and reflexivity are very useful in framing the contemporary entrepreneurship curriculum. In this paper we explore how that could influence teaching and learning practice. We also highlight the importance of connecting the efforts, energies and activities of individual entrepreneurs with the social, economic and political impacts of entrepreneurship. For this reason, we suggest that it is important that entrepreneurship education does not simply replicate management education, but be positioned in such a way that it impacts a broader range of ways in which to influence and change broader social and economic conditions.
Linearized analysis of dissipative Two Axis Counter Twisting (TACT) squeezing for Metrology

In this work we analyze two axis twisting in the presence of depolarizing channel dissipation. We find that spin squeezing is only possible if the dissipation is parametrically weaker than the squeezing coupling. Squeezing may be used for meteorologically useful decrease of spin noise but only in the case where the squeezing occurs before measurement, in the case one squeezes as one measures one also squeezes the signal thereby making spin squeezing ineffective for metrological gain. The key mathematical advance made in this work is the observation that TACT in the presence of depolarizing noise is equivalent to TACT with reduced polarization and no noise. We find an exponential gain in signal to noise with the exponent proportional to the ratio between the squeezing strength and the depolarization rate.
Effect of Forward and Backward Coarticulation on the Identification of Speech Sounds

The perceptual effects of forward and backward coarticulation across syllable boundaries were investigated by having 37 female listeners identify: (1) Nasal consonants /m, n, η/ in initial syllables of utterances from which the second syllables were deleted for half of the presentations in noise and (2) Vowels /i, u/ in the deleted syllables when only the initial syllables were presented in quiet. For the deleted condition, post-nasal sounds were erased from the original utterances made up of the initial syllables /t m/, /t n/, /t n/ and second syllables made up only of the vowel /i/ or /u/, or with the intervening consonants /t/ or /st/. Findings included: (1) As the number of consonants separating the nasal consonant and the final vowel increased, there was a significant trend towards fewer correct consonant identifications in the undeleted condition and more correct identifications in the deleted vowel condition, (2) /m/ was identified significantly more often before /u/ than before /i/ while /n/ was identified significantly more often before /i/ than before /u/, (3) No error response pattern was found for the nasal consonant identifications, (4) The undeleted condition produced more correctly identified nasal consonants than the deleted condition, and (5) For the zero intervening-consonant condition, subjects correctly identified deleted second syllable vowels significantly better than chance when only the first syllable was presented. Findings indicate that identification of nasal consonants and vowels is influenced by forward and backward coarticulations but that the co-articulatory effects of bilabiality are only partly perceived.
Numerical studies of entanglement properties in one- and two-dimensional quantum Ising and XXZ models

We investigate entanglement properties of infinite 1D and 2D spin-1/2 quantum Ising and XXZ models. Tensor network methods (MPS in 1D and TERG and CTMRG in 2D) are used to model the ground state of the studied models. Different entanglement measures, such as one-site entanglement entropy, one-tangle, concurrence of formation and assistance, negativity and entanglement per bond are calculated and their `characterizing power' to determine quantum phase transitions is compared. A special emphasis is made on the study of entanglement monogamy properties.
Cochlear Dead Regions in Typical Hearing Aid Candidates: Prevalence and Implications for Use of High-Frequency Speech Cues

Objectives: This study had two purposes. The first was to assess the prevalence of cochlear dead regions (DRs) among listeners with moderate to severe hearing loss that is typical of a large proportion of adult hearing aid wearers. The second was to determine whether subjects who tested positive for DRs differed from those without DRs in their ability to utilize high-frequency speech cues in a laboratory test. Design: One hundred and seventy adults (307 ears) were tested for DRs at frequencies from 0.5 to 4 kHz using the threshold equalizing noise (HL) test. Speech recognition ability was measured for high-frequency emphasis (HFE) stimuli and for low-pass filtered HFE (HFE-LP) stimuli using the Quick Speech In Noise test. Results obtained from the HFE and HFE-LP conditions were compared to examine changes in word recognition when more speech cues were provided above 2.5 kHz. Possible effects of audiogram differences between DR-no and DR-yes groups were examined by estimating the change in audibility for the two Quick Speech In Noise conditions using calculated differences in Speech Intelligibility Index for each condition for every subject. Results: Thirty-one percent of subjects (23% of ears) were found to have a DR at one or more test frequencies. Sixty-eight percent of subjects who tested positive for DR had DRs in one ear only. DRs were most prevalent at frequencies above 1.5 kHz. Comparison of word recognition scores obtained with the HFE and HFE-LP conditions revealed that, on average, both groups scored significantly better when more high-frequency cues were provided. The magnitude of the benefit was small for both groups, but the computed effect size was larger for listeners without DRs than for those with DRs. Further, subjects with contiguous DRs at 2 to 3 frequencies obtained less benefit than subjects with DRs at isolated frequencies. It was determined that the improved audibility of high-frequency cues in the HFE condition was significantly less for listeners with DRs, and this accounted for some, but not all, of the difference in effect sizes. Conclusions: Although about one-third of listeners with flat or sloping moderate to severe hearing losses tested positive for at least one DR, there was no evidence to support a proposal for reducing high-frequency gain in hearing aid fittings for these types of listeners. Making high frequencies more audible was helpful, on average, regardless of DR status. It is recommended that field trials be undertaken in which subjects with and without DRs wear hearing aids in daily life. This type of study would produce higher level evidence about best practice in hearing aid fitting for patients with flat or sloping moderate to severe hearing loss who test positive for DRs.
Delivering and Receiving Bad News: What School Psychologists Need to Know

Delivering bad news to students, teachers, and parents is not an uncommon occurrence for school psychologists. Skillfully communicating bad news requires sensitivity, thoughtful wording, and an awareness of the potential effect on the recipients. Despite the importance of this skill, school psychology has devoted little attention to what is currently known about delivering bad news. This article synthesizes the literature on presenting and receiving bad news, devoting special attention to how information can be used by school psychologists in their day-to-day practices. Primarily drawn from medicine, the scholarship is instructive as a guide to the many dimensions of bad news delivery including what needs to be considered beforehand, how to communicate, cultural factors to consider, and conveying hope.
The Nutritional‐Shunt‐Flow Hypothesis in Skeletal Muscle Circulation

Multiple exponential equilibration or clearance curves in the cat's leg or other organs suggest division of total blood flow between parallel vascular pathways. These pathways are, in general, exchange vessels. They differ not so much in permeability as in the ratio of blood flow to tissue volume and can be characterized as well perfused and poorly perfused. They may respond differently to vasomotor control mechanisms. Exchange in each compartment may be flow-limited or diffusion-limited, depending on compartment blood flow and the substance under consideration.
Argo: an integrative, interactive, text mining-based workbench supporting curation

Curation of biomedical literature is often supported by the automatic analysis of textual content that generally involves a sequence of individual processing components. Text mining (TM) has been used to enhance the process of manual biocuration, but has been focused on specific databases and tasks rather than an environment integrating TM tools into the curation pipeline, catering for a variety of tasks, types of information and applications. Processing components usually come from different sources and often lack interoperability. The well established Unstructured Information Management Architecture is a framework that addresses interoperability by defining common data structures and interfaces. However, most of the efforts are targeted towards software developers and are not suitable for curators, or are otherwise inconvenient to use on a higher level of abstraction. To overcome these issues we introduce Argo, an interoperable, integrative, interactive and collaborative system for text analysis with a convenient graphic user interface to ease the development of processing workflows and boost productivity in labour-intensive manual curation. Robust, scalable text analytics follow a modular approach, adopting component modules for distinct levels of text analysis. The user interface is available entirely through a web browser that saves the user from going through often complicated and platform-dependent installation procedures. Argo comes with a predefined set of processing components commonly used in text analysis, while giving the users the ability to deposit their own components. The system accommodates various areas and levels of user expertise, from TM and computational linguistics to ontology-based curation. One of the key functionalities of Argo is its ability to seamlessly incorporate user-interactive components, such as manual annotation editors, into otherwise completely automatic pipelines. As a use case, we demonstrate the functionality of an in-built manual annotation editor that is well suited for in-text corpus annotation tasks. Database URL: http://www.nactem. ac.uk/Argo