Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quadriceps force during knee extension after non-hinged and hinged TKA: An in vitro study

Background and purpose Problems during knee extension, due to kinematic alterations, are not uncommon after total knee arthroplasty. Hinged prostheses provide higher stability than non-hinged designs and may minimize these alterations. Thus, in this in vitro study we investigated the quadriceps force required to extend the knee during an isokinetic extension cycle generating a constant extension moment after non-hinged and hinged total knee arthroplasty. Methods Human knee specimens were tested in a kinematic knee simulator under physiological conditions, after implantation of two types of non-hinged cruciate retaining prosthesis (Gemini; Link, Germany and Interax I.S.A.; Stryker, Ireland) and a hinged prosthesis (Rotations-Knie; Link, Germany). During simulation of an extension cycle from 120° knee flexion to full extension, the change in quadriceps force to produce the constant extension moment of 31 Nm was dynamically measured using a load cell attached to the quadriceps tendon. Results After implantation of the non-hinged pros-theses, there was no alteration in maximum quadriceps force in knee flexion compared to physiological conditions, but alteration occurred at lower flexion angle (p=0.002) and increased up to 1,257 (SD 273) N (p=0.04) in knee extension. Following implantation of the hinged prosthesis, there was no alteration in quadriceps extension force in flexion but it decreased to 690 (SD 81) N (p=0.003) in extension. Interpretation Hinged knee prostheses restore the quadriceps lever arm in knee flexion and improve the lever arm in knee extension due to higher constraint and knee joint stability. This would offer a potential advantage for patients with weak quadriceps strength by making it easier to stabilize the knee in full extension during walking.
Staff Perception towards Leadership in Transforming Wolaita Sodo University: Qualitative Inquiry

In the stir of the competitive era of education today, higher education institutions (HEIs) attempt to advance themselves in academic programs, researches and innovations. To this end, they need to transform to realize such aspiration. This study was designed to look at staff perception toward leadership in transforming Wolaita Sodo University. Qualitative research design and case study method are used under the study. Part of the data was collected from a sample of 15 participants. The sample colleges and administration divisions, college deans, department heads, academic and supportive staff were selected through purposive sampling. The tools used to gather relevant data were interview, FGD, and relevant document analysis. Findings of the study revealed that attempt to transform the skill and competence of academic and supportive staff and students’ learning are found to be insignificant; the top academic leaders focus on routine and administrative issues at the expense of emphasis on strategic matters, and changing the prevailed institutional culture. Moreover, there is lack of empowerment of the middle and first line managers who are highly engaged in operationalzing transformation process. Hence, change at Wolaita Sodo University lacks transformational dimension and the change may not make its intended goals. The study recommended that the transformation should primarily focus on developing people through empowering them and giving them responsibilities. The transformational leaders should focus on strategic issues instead of wasting time in changing and re-changing structures. The government needs to avail adequate budget and personnel to help the transformation. The University should also diversify its sources of income instead of relying on government subsidy, and should be autonomous to run its own affairs without direction or influence from any level of government.
Combinatorial influence of environmental parameters on transcription factor activity

Motivation: Cells receive a wide variety of environmental signals, which are often processed combinatorially to generate specific genetic responses. Changes in transcript levels, as observed across different environmental conditions, can, to a large extent, be attributed to changes in the activity of transcription factors (TFs). However, in unraveling these transcription regulation networks, the actual environmental signals are often not incorporated into the model, simply because they have not been measured. The unquantified heterogeneity of the environmental parameters across microarray experiments frustrates regulatory network inference. Results: We propose an inference algorithm that models the influence of environmental parameters on gene expression. The approach is based on a yeast microarray compendium of chemostat steady-state experiments. Chemostat cultivation enables the accurate control and measurement of many of the key cultivation parameters, such as nutrient concentrations, growth rate and temperature. The observed transcript levels are explained by inferring the activity of TFs in response to combinations of cultivation parameters. The interplay between activated enhancers and repressors that bind a gene promoter determine the possible up- or downregulation of the gene. The model is translated into a linear integer optimization problem. The resulting regulatory network identifies the combinatorial effects of environmental parameters on TF activity and gene expression. Availability: The Matlab code is available from the authors upon request. Contact: t.a. knijnenburg@tudelft.nl Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Envision: A fast and flexible visual code editor with fluid interactions (Overview)

While visual programming has had success in some areas such as introductory or domain specific programming, professional developers typically still use a text editor. Designing a visual tool for professionals poses a number of challenges: visualizations must be flexible to support a variety of different tasks, interactions must be fluid to retain productivity, and the visual editing must scale to large software projects. In this paper we introduce Envision, a visual structured code editor that addresses these challenges using an architecture that supports flexible, customizable visualizations, keyboard-centric controls for fluid interaction, and optimizations to ensure good performance for large projects. Experiments with CogTool indicate that Envision's code manipulation techniques are as efficient as those of Eclipse, thus overcoming a major usability barrier for visual programming for professional developers.
A packet-based caching proxy with loss recovery for video streaming

With the popularity of broadband networks, video streaming is growing rapidly in the Internet. By deployment of caching proxies, backbone bandwidth can be saved significantly. In this paper, we propose a packet-based caching architecture for video streaming. The proposed caching scheme is based on streamed packets instead of video files and the consideration of packet loss recovery. We also propose an effective cache replacement algorithm, PLFU, and evaluate it through simulation.
An RNA Pseudoknot Folding Algorithm Based on Heuristic Searching

The general problem for the prediction of RNA secondary structure with pseudoknots is NP-hard. For a restricted class of pseudoknots, it was traditionally solved by the dynamic programming approach. However, these algorithms are computationally very expensive, when the input sequence or the contained pseudoknot is too long. We present a heuristic algorithm for RNA secondary structures with pseudoknots prediction. We shall point out that the problem can be considered as a tree searching problems and can be solved by our algorithm effectively. It is very efficient and can be used as a practical tool especially for pseudoknots.
Quantized cooperative spectrum sensing for Cognitive Radio

Cognitive Radio (CR) is proposed to maximize spectrum utilization. When the licensed user is not using the spectrum, CR will then use it to communicate among each other. Hence, spectrum sensing, a procedure to observe primary user's existence, is important to CR. In this paper, we investigate the energy detection based cooperative spectrum sensing technique as it offers low complexity and significantly improves the sensing performance for CR. Conventional soft decision combining (SDC) scheme assumes that CR's local observation is perfectly forwarded to the fusion center. This forwarding procedure requires bandwidth, and increasingly so with more sensing nodes. By carefully applying quantization to this local observation, we could significantly reduce the number of bits required for this communication and thus reduce the overall system overhead. Uniform and non-uniform quantization approaches for SDC are investigated. We further propose a low complexity scheme based on an approximation of the cumulative density function. Simulation results show that these schemes can achieve a good detection performance comparable to the conventional SDC scheme, with reduced communication overhead.
Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations

Summary This study presents a historical review, a meta-analysis, and recommendations for users about weight–length relationships, condition factors and relative weight equations. The historical review traces the developments of the respective concepts. The meta-analysis explores 3929 weight–length relationships of the type W ¼ aL b for 1773 species of fishes. It shows that 82% of the variance in a plot of log a over b can be explained by allometric versus isometric growth patterns and by different body shapes of the respective species. Across species median b ¼ 3.03 is significantly larger than 3.0, thus indicating a tendency towards slightly positive-allometric growth (increase in relative body thickness or plumpness) in most fishes. The expected range of 2.5 < b < 3.5 is confirmed. Mean estimates of b outside this range are often based on only one or two weight–length relationships per species. However, true cases of strong allometric growth do exist and three examples are given. Within species, a plot of log a vs b can be used to detect outliers in weight–length relationships. An equation to calculate mean condition factors from weight–length relationships is given as Kmean ¼ 100aL b)3 . Relative weight Wrm ¼ 100W/ (amL b m ) can be used for comparing the condition of individuals across populations, where am is the geometric mean of a and bm is the mean of b across all available weight–length relationships for a given species. Twelve recommendations for proper use and presentation of weight–length relationships, condition factors and relative weight are given.
Is a Donor in Hand Better than Two in the Bush? Evidence from a Natural Field Experiment

This study develops theory and conducts an experiment to provide an understanding of why people initially give to charities, why they remain committed to the cause, and what factors attenuate these influences. Using an experimental design that links donations across distinct treatments separated in time, we present several insights. For example, we find that previous donors are more likely to give, and contribute more, than donors asked to contribute for the first time. Yet, how these previous donors were acquired is critical: agents who are initially attracted by signals of charitable quality transmitted via an economic mechanism are much more likely to continue giving than agents who were initially attracted by non-mechanism factors.
Helicobacter pylori Eradication for the Prevention of Gastric Cancer

Even though Helicobacter pylori infection is an obvious cause of chronic non‐atrophic and atrophic gastritis, as well as gastric dysplasia and cancer, several recent controlled intervention trials for the prevention of gastric cancer by H. pylori eradication have yielded disappointing results. They showed that cancer eradication may still appear in relatively high frequency after successful treatment of H. pylori. One explanation for this observation is that H. pylori treatment has less influence in development of gastric cancer in atrophic gastritis than in development of cancers in non‐atrophic gastritis, and that eradication does not prevent the progression of precancerous lesions and small invisible early cancers to overt tumors. Noteworthy however, the available intervention trials show that gastric cancer can be prevented by H. pylori treatment in patients with non‐atrophic gastritis. Trials with higher number of patients, with longer follow‐up periods, and with more careful controlling of cancer type and underlying gastric mucosal conditions are needed.
Teacher Perceptions and Behavioral Strategies for Students With Emotional Disturbance Across Educational Environments

The present study examined problem characteristics of students with emotional disturbance in 3 educational environments, the behavior management and intervention strategies their teachers used, and what relation exists between problem characteristics and intervention strategies. Teachers completed a behavior problems rating scale and they indicated how frequently they used 15 strategies to address academic, externalizing, and internalizing problems. There were significant differences across environments for only 1 characteristic of emotional disturbance, physical symptoms or fears. Teachers in general education settings mainly addressed academic problems; resource/separate classroom educators used instructional, positive, and reductive strategies for academic and externalizing problems and verbal reinforcement for internalizing problems. Separate school educators used a variety of strategies consistently for all 3 problems. Implications for supporting students with emotional disturbance across educational environments are discussed.
Head-to-Head: Which is the Better Cloud Platform for Early Stage Start-up? Docker versus OpenStack

The cloud platform has been the top choice when technology startup companies choose the best platforms to deploy their systems. This paper presents a series of decision procedures for choosing the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) in cloud computing from the perspective of technology startup companies. We target startup companies as potential users. We have developed a decision tree for assisting entrepreneurs and developers to choose the IaaS according to performance and usability of Docker versus OpenStack. We use the Yahoo! Cloud Serving Benchmark (YCSB) as a benchmark for key-value storage. The target databases include MongoDB and Cassandra. The decision assists the technology startup companies to choose the cloud platform with the best fit while developing and deploying the web services.
Before and after Lightfoot/León. Using rich pictures to illustrate an educational journey through the world of opera and ballet

In this article, we describe part of an action research project carried out during a classroom-based art course at a higher education institution. We gave the students themed collaborative drawing assignments, with the purpose of achieving a rich picture of what they associated with the notion of “going to the opera”. They completed assignments before and after attending a guided tour and a ballet performance at a famous opera house. We aimed to address two main research questions: a) How can the students’ understanding of opera and ballet develop through their experience of a ballet performance? and b) How can drawing activities in the classroom support collaborative learning and the students’ personal development? The data gathered involved three main elements: 1) the rich pictures themselves, 2) the teachers’ observations of the students and 3) the students’ reflections on the process. The study points towards a significant transformation of the students’ representation of the concept of opera, as illustrated in their drawings. We discuss how the students’ drawings may reflect their development in terms of attitude and their newly acquired knowledge of an artistic genre they knew little about, and suggest new avenues for further research.
Cluster of Lyme disease cases at a summer camp in Kent County, Maryland.

All 51 surveyed camp employees gave histories of tick exposure throughout the summer. Four counselors had EM of 5 cm in diameter without other symptoms or signs and were treated with amoxicillin by the camp physician. Four other counselors had recurrent fever of 102°F to 104°F, severe headaches, somnolence, malaise, fatigue, myalgia, and anorexia. All four described extensive fatigue, drowsiness, and difficulty in getting out of bed. Three described shaking chills, and one had watery diarrhea. The camp physician admitted them all to the camp dispensary; Lyme disease was not diagnosed in any of them; only the patient with diarrhea was given an antimicrobial agent, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. All patients improved in 3 to 5 days.
Pulmonary hypertension in schistosomiasis mansoni.

A 31-year-old woman was admitted to hospital reportingshortness of breath for 10 days. She also reported chest painand 3 episodes of exertional syncope in the 8 months prior toexamination. She had been admitted to an intensive care unit(ICU) 6 months before the present admission, with a presumptivediagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism. Physical examinationrevealed increased intensity of the pulmonic component of thesecond heart sound, with a spleen palpable 3cm below the leftcostal margin. Chest radiograph showed enlargement of thecentral pulmonary arteries (Figure A). Electrocardiogramshowed right axis deviation, R/S ratio > 1 in lead V1, andincreased P wave amplitude in lead II. Two-dimensionaltransthoracic echocardiography with Doppler analysis revealeda systolic pulmonary pressure of 101mmHg. Right-sided cardiaccatheterization showed a mean pulmonary pressure of 88 mmHgand a systolic pressure of 140mmHg. Helical CT scans wereperformed after intravenous contrast injection (Figure B – A =aorta; P = dilated pulmonary trunk). Three-dimensionalreconstruction using helical CT is shown in Figure C (note theaneurismal dilation of the pulmonary artery – larger white arrow- and, in the insert, the enlargement of the right pulmonaryartery). The patient has had a diagnosis of hepatosplenicschistosomiasis mansoni confirmed by ultrasound, withesophageal varices documented by upper endoscopy.Paciente de 31 anos admitida ao hospital com queixa dedispneia nos ultimos 10 dias. Relatou ainda dor toracica etres episodios de sincope durante o esforco nos ultimos oitomeses. Foi admitida em centro de tratamento intensivo(CTI), ha oito meses, com o diagnostico presuntivo detromboembolismo pulmonar. O exame fisico revelou aumentoda intensidade de P2 e o baco foi palpado a 3cm do rebordocostal esquerdo. A radiografia do torax mostrou dilatacaodas arterias pulmonares (Figura A). O eletrocardiogramamostrou desvio do eixo para a direita, R/S > 1 em V1. Oecocardiograma trans-toracico bi-dimensional com Dopplerrevelou a pressao sistolica pulmonar de 101mmHg(o cateterismo mostrou pressao media na arteria pulmonarde 88mmHg; sistolica de 140 mmHg). A tomografiacomputadorizada (TC) helicoidal, apos contrasteintravenoso mostrou grande dilatacao do tronco dapulmonar (Figura B – A = aorta; P = tronco da arteriapulmonar). A reconstrucao tridimensional da imagemcapturada pela TC helicoidal e mostrada na Figura C (notea dilatacao aneurismatica do tronco da arteria pulmonar –seta branca maior – e, na figura encartada, a arteriapulmonar direita). A paciente ja tinha diagnostico deesquistossomose hepatoesplenica definida em outrasinternacoes e confirmada pela ultra-sonografia; haviatambem varizes do esofago na endoscopia digestiva alta.
Directional Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave MIMO Systems

The focus of this paper is on beamforming in a millimeter-wave (mmW) multi-input multi-output (MIMO) set-up that has gained increasing traction in meeting the high data-rate requirements of next- generation wireless systems. For a given MIMO channel matrix, the optimality of beamforming with the dominant right-singular vector (RSV) at the transmit end and with the matched filter to the RSV at the receive end has been well-understood. When the channel matrix can be accurately captured by a physical (geometric) scattering model across multiple clusters/paths as is the case in mmW MIMO systems, we provide a physical interpretation for this optimal structure: beam steering across the different paths with appropriate power allocation and phase compensation. While such an explicit physical interpretation has not been provided hitherto, practical implementation of such a structure in a mmW system is fraught with considerable difficulties (complexity as well as cost) as it requires the use of per-antenna gain and phase control. This paper characterizes the loss in received SNR with an alternate low-complexity beamforming solution that needs only per-antenna phase control and corresponds to steering the beam to the dominant path at the transmit and receive ends. While the loss in received SNR can be arbitrarily large (theoretically), this loss is minimal in a large fraction of the channel realizations reinforcing the utility of directional beamforming as a good candidate solution for mmW MIMO systems.
Family Preservation and Healthy Outcomes for Pregnant and Parenting Teens in Foster Care: The Inwood House Theory of Change

Teens in foster care give birth at more than twice the rate of other teens in the United States. Significant challenges exist for these most vulnerable teens and their babies. To preserve teens’ families, programs and services need to be able to improve teens’ prospects for parenting success, delay subsequent pregnancies, and reduce intergenerational placement in care. The Inwood House theory of change for pregnant and parenting teens is a roadmap for providing the range and types of services that have the potential to improve outcomes for these most vulnerable families. The theory of change builds on insights and data from a demonstration project which took place in the residential program of a New York City foster care agency, with an approach that addressed the developmental needs of adolescents and the practical needs of parenting. Inwood House’s experience provided insights into the role of a theory of change focused on the development of young people, not only their protection, to improve the health and well-being of young mothers and their babies, and reduce intergenerational placement in care. Insights and data derived from this project, which reflect the challenges of research in foster care, are discussed.
Centrality of enactive experiences, framing, and motivation to student teachers’ emerging professional identity

Professional identity has emerged as a common theme in teacher development research, and the student-teaching practicum is often identified as foundational to identity development. In the context of the student-teaching practicum, interactions with cooperating teachers and pupils are believed to comprise the press for professional identity development, though theory-based explanations are often neglected in the literature, and findings are not always consistent. To address this issue, we used grounded theory to articulate a model explaining the relations among three constructs important to the process of identity development of student teachers (n = 14). Our findings are organized around a model that highlights the phenomenon of “negotiating who I am as a teacher,” which helps us describe differences between student teachers who changed identity vs. those that did not, and psychological and contextual reasons for renegotiation of identity. Discussion focuses on comparisons with previous models and possible implications for teacher education.