Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new monoclonal antibody (3A5) that recognises a fixative resistant epitope on tissue macrophages and monocytes.

AIMS--To develop a monoclonal antibody specific for human macrophages in routinely processed material. METHODS--The monoclonal antibody was derived from a mouse popliteal lymph node after subcutaneous immunisation in the footpad with fragments of human spleen depleted of lymphocytes and erythrocytes. RESULTS--3A5 is a monoclonal antibody reactive with macrophages, monocytes, and histiocytes in routinely processed (formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded) human tissue specimens. Unlike the well known panmacrophage marker KP1 (CD68), neither dendritic cells (interdigitating cells, Langerhans' cells, and microglia) nor myeloid, lymphoid, or epithelial cells stained with 3A5. CONCLUSION--As the staining pattern of 3A5 is restricted, compared with other macrophage markers and the recognised epitope survives common fixation and embedding procedures, 3A5 is a valuable marker for histiocytes and macrophages in routine diagnostic applications.
Accuracy of a markerless acquisition technique for studying speech articulators

The main disadvantages of the existing methods for studying speech articulators (such as electromagnetic and optoelectronic systems) are the high cost and the discomfort to participants or patients. The aim of this work is to introduce a completely markerless low-cost 3D tracking technique in the context of speech articulation, and then compare it with a well-established marker-based one to evaluate the performances. A Kinect-like device was used in conjunction with an existing face tracking algorithm to track lips movements in 3D without markers. The method was tested on two subjects uttering 200 words and 100 sentences. For most of points of the lips the RMSE ranged between 1 and 3 mm. Although the image resolution used in this experiment was low, these results are very promising. Nevertheless, further studies should consider higher video resolutions in order to obtain better results.
A constrained nonlinear energy minimization framework for the regularization of the stereo correspondence problem

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to stereo correspondence based on the optimization of a continuous disparity surface defined parametrically using radial basis functions. Principal advantages over other methods include the use of constrained nonlinear programming to perform regularization as a hierarchical multiobjective optimization which differs from the standard weighted sum approach, so that regularization becomes more consistent with the notion of Pareto optimality. Furthermore, the optimization algorithm is capable of handling arbitrary constraints on the sought parameters, so that a variety of types of a priori scene information can be incorporated explicitly to the problem definition. To exemplify this we derive a new continuous unary formulation of the disparity gradient limit constraint and propose other types of potential constraints for a priori knowledge. Furthermore, the optimization employs a smoothness oriented regularization operator to preserve surface discontinuities, a flexible block decomposition approach of the disparity surface to allow parallelization and a correlation-based fitting with heuristics to initialize the parameters and avoid local optima effectively. Experiments with standard stereo imagery show that the method handles adequately the imposed constraints and produces surfaces with accurate level of elevation detail.
Efficient Implementation of Marching Cubes' Cases with Topological Guarantees

Abstract Marching Cubes methods first offered visual access to experimental and theoretical volumetric data. The implementation of this method usually relies on a small look-up table; many enhancements and optimizations of Marching Cubes still use it. However, this look-up table can lead to cracks and inconsistent topology. This paper introduces a full implementation of Chernyaev's technique to ensure a topologically correct result, i.e., a manifold mesh, for any input data. It completes the original paper for the ambiguity resolution and for the feasibility of the implementation. Moreover, the cube interpolation provided here can be used in a wider range of methods. The source code is available online.
Anatomic Patterns of Renal Arterial Sympathetic Innervation: New Aspects for Renal Denervation.

AIMS Initial studies of catheter-based renal arterial sympathetic denervation to lower blood pressure in resistant hypertensive patients renewed interest in the sympathetic nervous system's role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. However, the SYMPLICITY HTN-3 study failed to meet its prespecified blood pressure lowering efficacy endpoint. To date, only a limited number of studies have described the microanatomy of renal nerves, of which, only two involve humans. METHODS AND RESULTS Renal arteries were harvested from 15 cadavers from the Klinikum Osnabruck and Schuchtermann Klinik, Bad Rothenfelde. Each artery was divided longitudinally in equal thirds (proximal, middle, and distal), with each section then divided into equal superior, inferior, anterior, and posterior quadrants, which were then stained. Segments containing no renal nerves were given a score value = 0, 1-2 nerves with diameter <300 µm a score = 1; 3-4 nerves or nerve diameter 300-599 µm a score = 2, and >4 nerves or nerve diameter ≥600 µm a score = 3. A total of 22 renal arteries (9 right-sided, 13 left-sided) were suitable for examination. Overall, 691 sections of 5 mm thickness were prepared. Right renal arteries had significantly higher mean innervation grade (1.56 ± 0.85) compared to left renal arteries (1.09 ± 0.87) (P < 0.001). Medial (1.30 ± 0.59) and distal (1.39 ± 0.62) innervation was higher than the proximal (1.17 ± 0.55) segments (p < 0.001). When divided in quadrants, the anterior (1.52 ± 0.96) and superior (1.71 ± 0.89) segments were more innervated compared to posterior (0.96 ± 0.72) and inferior (0.90 ± 0.68) segments (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS That the right renal artery has significantly higher innervation scores than the left. The anterior and superior quadrants of the renal arteries scored higher in innervation than the posterior and inferior quadrants did. The distal third of the renal arteries are more innervated than the more proximal segments. These findings warrant further evaluation of the spatial innervation patterns of the renal artery in order to understand how it may enhance catheter-based renal arterial denervation procedural strategy and outcomes. CONDENSED ABSTRACT The SYMPLICITY HTN-3 study dealt a blow to the idea of the catheter-based renal arterial sympathetic denervation. We investigated the location and patterns of periarterial renal nerves in cadaveric human renal arteries. To quantify the density of the renal nerves we created a novel innervation score. On average the right renal arteries were significantly more densely innervated than the left renal arteries, the anterior and superior segments were significantly more innervated compared to the posterior and inferior segments, absolute innervation scores in the proximal third of the left or right renal arteries were always lower when compared to distal segments. These findings may enhance catheter-based renal arterial denervation procedural strategy and outcomes.
Conversion of Tibiotalar Arthrodesis to Total Ankle Arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND Conversion of ankle arthrodesis to total ankle arthroplasty remains controversial. Although satisfactory outcomes have been published, not all foot and ankle surgeons performing total ankle arthroplasty have embraced this modality. METHODS Twenty-three total ankle arthroplasties were performed in patients who had undergone a prior or an attempted ankle arthrodesis. The mean age at surgery was fifty-nine years (range, forty-one to eighty years), and the mean duration of follow-up was 33.1 months (minimum, twelve months). Indications for the procedure were symptomatic adjacent hindfoot arthritis (twelve patients) or symptomatic tibiotalar or subtalar nonunion (eleven) after tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis. We performed concomitant surgical procedures in eighteen ankles (78%), with the most common procedure being prophylactic malleolar fixation (70%). We prospectively evaluated clinical outcomes using the Short Form-36 (SF-36), Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and assessed initial weight-bearing radiographs and those made at the most recent follow-up evaluation. RESULTS The mean VAS pain score (and standard deviation) improved from 65.7 ± 21.8 preoperatively to 18.3 ± 17.6 at the most recent follow-up evaluation (p < 0.001), with five patients being pain-free (VAS score = 0). The mean SMFA bother and function indexes improved from 55 ± 22.9 and 46.7 ± 12.6 preoperatively to 30.6 ± 22.7 and 25.4 ± 17.4 at the most recent follow-up visit (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The mean SF-36 total score improved from 37.7 ± 19.3 to 56.4 ± 23.1 (p = 0.002). The implant survival rate was 87%. Four (20%) of the tibial components and fourteen (70%) of the talar components that were not revised exhibited initial settling and then were seen to be stabilized radiographically without further change in implant position. Three total ankle replacements (13%) showed progressive talar subsidence, prompting revision. Ten patients (43%) had minor complications not requiring repeat surgery. CONCLUSIONS Short-term follow-up after conversion of ankle arthrodesis to total ankle arthroplasty demonstrated pain relief and improved function in a majority of patients. Patients who undergo this surgery frequently require concomitant procedures; we recommend prophylactic malleolar fixation when performing conversion total ankle arthroplasty. The rate of complications, particularly talar component settling and migration, is cause for concern. We do not recommend the procedure for ankle arthrodeses that included distal fibulectomy.
Integrated silicon RF front-end solutions for mobile communications

Silicon technologies have continued to usurp other exotic technologies, such as GaAs and Silicon-on-Sapphire (SOS), from the RF wireless communication system to provide a more cost-effective integration path. The integration of RF front-end (RFFE) electronics is a good example of this trend. RFFE components such as, transmit-receive switch, antenna tuners, low-noise amplifiers, and power amplifiers, are being integrated wherever possible. In this paper we discuss the high-resistivity silicon-on-insulator (HR-SOI) technology as a cost effective solution for the RFFE integration in a wireless mobile communication system.
MIMO Two-Way Relaying: A Comparison of Beamforming and Antenna Selection

We propose and analyze two MIMO protocols with analog network coding (ANC) in two-way amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying where multi-antenna nodes communicate via a single antenna relay. Specifically, we present a new framework for the comparative analysis of beamforming and antenna selection in two-way relaying with non-identical Rayleigh fading between the hops. To facilitate the comparison, we derive new closed-form expressions for the exact and asymptotic sum symbol error rate (SSER). We show that beamforming and antenna selection offer the same diversity order of min{NA, NB}, where NA and NB are the number of antennas at the two nodes. We proceed to characterize the fundamental difference between the two protocols in terms of their array gains. A pivotal conclusion is reached that when either of the two nodes is equipped with a single antenna, antenna selection provides identical performance to beamforming at medium and high signal-to-noise ratios without the added hardware and signaling overhead.
Air Bags and Children: Results of a National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Special Investigation into Actual Crashes

Results are presented of a Special Crash Investigations of air bag injuries in children conducted by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. A series of twenty-nine cases of serious or fatal injuries to children attributed to air bag deployment is presented. Results revealed that the severity of the air bag-associated injuries in the children in the series are in contrast to the mostly minor injuries reported in adults.
Self-similar solutions of viscous-resistive advection-dominated accretion flows with poloidal magnetic fields

We carry out self-similar solutions of viscous-resistive accretion flows around a magnetized compact object. We consider an axisymmetric, rotating, isothermal steady accretion flow, which contains a poloidal magnetic field of the central star. The dominant mechanism of energy dissipation is assumed to be the turbulence viscosity and magnetic diffusivity due to the magnetic field of the central star. We explore the effect of viscosity on a rotating disc in the presence of constant magnetic diffusivity. We show that the dynamical quantities of advection-dominated accretion flows (ADAFs) are sensitive to the advection and viscosity parameters. An increase of the a coefficient in the α-prescription model decreases the radial velocity and increases the density of the flow. It also affects the poloidal magnetic field considerably.
A Wideband MNG-TL Dipole Antenna With Stable Radiation Patterns

This paper presents the successful design and physical realization of a wideband MNG-TL dipole antenna. An artificial mu-negative transmission line (MNG-TL) structure is realized by employing periodically loaded parallel-plate lines. It is known that the current reversal, which occurs at frequencies much beyond the dipole natural frequency, disturbs the omnidirectional radiation pattern in the azimuth plane. The MNG-TL has a unique property to support a zero propagation constant <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$(\beta =0)$</tex></formula> with non-zero group velocity at the zeroth-order resonance. Due to the unique property of an infinite wavelength, the current distribution of the dipole antenna can be improved. Furthermore, the MNG-TL dipole is also useful to achieve a wide impedance bandwidth. A prototype of the proposed MNG-TL dipole is fabricated and measured. It can provide a wide effective bandwidth of about 1.55 GHz (1.85–3.40 GHz) with VSWR 2:1 (<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm S}_{11}< -10$</tex></formula> dB) impedance matching and stable omnidirectional radiation patterns in the azimuth plane.
Proprioceptive Control of Extensor Activity during Fictive Scratching and Weight Support Compared to Fictive Locomotion

At rest, extensor group I afferents produce oligosynaptic inhibition of extensor motoneurons. During locomotor activity, however, such inhibition is replaced by oligosynaptic excitation. Oligosynaptic excitation from extensor group I afferents plays a crucial role in the regulation of extensor activity during walking. In this study we investigate the possibility that this mechanism also regulates extensor muscle activity during other motor tasks. We show that the reflex pathways responsible for extensor group I oligosynaptic excitation during fictive locomotion can be activated during both fictive scratching and fictive weight support (tonic motor activity induced by contralateral scratching). These observations suggest that the excitatory group I oligosynaptic reflex pathways are open for transmission during several forms of motor activities. We also show that extensor group I input during fictive scratching can affect the amplitude and the timing of extensor activity in a pattern similar to that observed during locomotion. Most likely these effects involve the activation of the excitatory group I oligosynaptic reflex pathways. Accordingly, it is suggested that extensor group I oligosynaptic excitation during motor activities other than locomotion is also used to regulate extensor muscle activity. Furthermore, the similarity of effects from extensor group I input on the rhythmicity during scratching and locomotion supports the hypothesis that both rhythms are generated by a common network.
Fast Gray-Contrast Enhancement of X-Ray Imaging for Observing Tiny Characters

Low-contrast structure can be found in many kinds of digital images, which makes the images vague and uncertainly. A kind of image enhancement processing algorithm for tiny characters is brought forward based on a no-linear grad-contrast operator. The analysis of the algorithm shows that local regions of the image are enhanced by using the concept of the grad contrast to make image clearer adaptively. Experiments were conducted on real pictures, and the results show that the algorithm is flexible and convenient.
Parenting and Family Support for Children with ADHD

The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of ADHD on the functioning of families. A review of recent research indicated that the persistence of symptoms into adulthood and the high rate of comorbidity with behaviour, psychiatric and mood disorders, are major additional stressors for families. Although the clinical presentation, developmental manifestations and patterns of comorbidity have been refined, it is emphasised that effective management of this disorder requires access to interventions which are both multilevel and multimodal. A model of a multilevel system of intervention that can be tailored to the individual family's needs at different stages of development is presented.
microRNAs reveal the interrelationships of hagfish, lampreys, and gnathostomes and the nature of the ancestral vertebrate

Hagfish and lampreys are the only living representatives of the jawless vertebrates (agnathans), and compared with jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes), they provide insight into the embryology, genomics, and body plan of the ancestral vertebrate. However, this insight has been obscured by controversy over their interrelationships. Morphological cladistic analyses have identified lampreys and gnathostomes as closest relatives, whereas molecular phylogenetic studies recover a monophyletic Cyclostomata (hagfish and lampreys as closest relatives). Here, we show through deep sequencing of small RNA libraries, coupled with genomic surveys, that Cyclostomata is monophyletic: hagfish and lampreys share 4 unique microRNA families, 15 unique paralogues of more primitive microRNA families, and 22 unique substitutions to the mature gene products. Reanalysis of morphological data reveals that support for cyclostome paraphyly was based largely on incorrect character coding, and a revised dataset is not decisive on the mono- vs. paraphyly of cyclostomes. Furthermore, we show fundamental conservation of microRNA expression patterns among lamprey, hagfish, and gnathostome organs, implying that the role of microRNAs within specific organs is coincident with their appearance within the genome and is conserved through time. Together, these data support the monophyly of cyclostomes and suggest that the last common ancestor of all living vertebrates was a more complex organism than conventionally accepted by comparative morphologists and developmental biologists.
Deadlock Avoidance by Least Stalling method for AXI On-Chip Bus

AXI (Advanced Extensible Interface) is a on chip protocol which supports advanced speed transactions to improve communication efficiency. Out of order transactions are performed in an order different from their request order play an important role in this improvement. This kind of transactions faces the dead lock problem. In order to overcome this draw back we implement different kind of techniques and these techniques includes single slave methods and unique Id method and DALS(dead lock avoidance by least stalling method). In this paper we are providing BSG(bus status graph) to indicated how dead lock overcome using different methods. Each transaction can be executed with different tags called tagged transaction. Experimental results show that buses with the proposed technique faster than those with the currently available techniques.
Evaluating the accuracy of defect estimation models based on inspection data from two inspection cycles

Defect content estimation techniques (DCETs), based on defect data from inspection, estimate the total number of defects in a document to evaluate the development process. For inspections that yield few data points DCETs reportedly underestimate the number of defects. If there is a second inspection cycle, the additional defect data is expected to increase estimation accuracy. In this paper we consider 3 scenarios to combine data sets from the inspection-reinspection process. We evaluate these approaches with data from an experiment in a university environment where 31 teams inspected and reinspected a software requirements document. Main findings of the experiment were that reinspection data improved estimation accuracy. With the best combination approach all examined estimators yielded on average estimates within 20% around the true value, all estimates stayed within 40% around the true value.
Comparison of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion for Differentiating among Glioblastoma, Metastasis, and Lymphoma Focusing on Diffusion-Related Parameter

Background and Purpose Brain tumor cellularity has been assessed by using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). However, the ADC value might be influenced by both perfusion and true molecular diffusion, and the perfusion effect on ADC can limit the reliability of ADC in the characterization of tumor cellularity, especially, in hypervascular brain tumors. In contrast, the IVIM technique estimates parameter values for diffusion and perfusion effects separately. The purpose of our study was to compare ADC and IVIM for differentiating among glioblastoma, metastatic tumor, and primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) focusing on diffusion-related parameter. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data of 128 patients with pathologically confirmed glioblastoma (n = 55), metastasis (n = 31), and PCNSL (n = 42) prior to any treatment. Two neuroradiologists independently calculated the maximum IVIM-f (fmax) and minimum IVIM-D (Dmin) by using 16 different b-values with a bi-exponential fitting of diffusion signal decay, minimum ADC (ADCmin) by using 0 and 1000 b-values with a mono-exponential fitting and maximum normalized cerebral blood volume (nCBVmax). The differences in fmax, Dmin, nCBVmax, and ADCmin among the three tumor pathologies were determined by one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons. The fmax and Dmin were correlated to the corresponding nCBV and ADC using partial correlation analysis, respectively. Results Using a mono-exponential fitting of diffusion signal decay, the mean ADCmin was significantly lower in PCNSL than in glioblastoma and metastasis. However, using a bi-exponential fitting, the mean Dmin did not significantly differ in the three groups. The mean fmax significantly increased in the glioblastomas (reader 1, 0.103; reader 2, 0.109) and the metastasis (reader 1, 0.105; reader 2, 0.107), compared to the primary CNS lymphomas (reader 1, 0.025; reader 2, 0.023) (P < .001 for each). The correlation between fmax and the corresponding nCBV was highest in glioblastoma group, and the correlation between Dmin and the corresponding ADC was highest in primary CNS lymphomas group. Conclusion Unlike ADC value derived from a mono-exponential fitting of diffusion signal, diffusion-related parametric value derived from a bi-exponential fitting with separation of perfusion effect doesn’t differ among glioblastoma, metastasis, and PCNSL.
A hybrid approach based on decision trees and clustering for breast cancer classification

This paper proposes a hybrid diagnosis approach of breast cancer based on decision trees and clustering. Our proposed approach does not only assume distinguishing malignant from benign cases, but also makes a refined treatment of these latter. Experimental study on Wisconsin Breast Cancer Database provides a thorough analysis of the induced results and shows that we can enhance the classification results by distinguishing different types of Breast Cancer using a clustering technique.