Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Theoretical bases and intervention strategies in neuropsychological rehabilitation in adults with acquired brain disfunction

Resumen La rehabilitacion neuropsicologica es un area de la neuropsicologia aplicada que se encarga de la intervencion de los procesos cognitivos alterados, permitiendo un mejor nivel de procesamiento de informacion y una mayor adaptacion funcional del paciente con dano neurologico adquirido. En este articulo se describen algunas generalidades de esta terapia y se exponen los principios basicos para el diseno y aplicacion de programas de rehabilitacion neuropsicologica. De igual forma, se revisan y detallan las tecnicas mas empleadas para la intervencion de alteraciones cognitivas en atencion, memoria, funciones ejecutivas y percepcion visual, ademas se presentan algunos conceptos sobre la terapia de la conducta, su aplicacion y utilidad durante la rehabilitacion de los pacientes con lesion cerebral. La rehabilitacion neuropsicologica es en la actualidad una herramienta terapeutica util para pacientes con alteraciones neuropsicologicas secundarias a danos cerebrales, ya que permite mejorar el desempeno funcional y aumenta la calidad de vida del paciente y su familia
Target talker enhancement in hearing devices

We describe a novel coherent modulation filtering technique for single channel target talker enhancement in the presence of interfering talkers. For this technique, we have expanded our previous work on coherent modulation filtering with a carrier estimator that is more robust to speech from interfering talkers, and a modulation filter that operates on shorter time-scales. We have evaluated the technique in a subjective listening test, which indicates that the novel target talker enhancement technique achieves a moderate improvement in speech reception. We summarize our observations on single channel target talker enhancement and conclude with directions for further research.
Investigating Political Polarization on Twitter: A Canadian Perspective

This article investigates political polarization in social media by undertaking social network analysis of a sample of 5,918 tweets posted by 1,492 Twitter users during the 2011 Canadian Federal Election. On the one hand, we observed a clustering effect around shared political views among supporters of the same party in the Twitter communication network, suggesting that there are pockets of political polarization on Twitter. At the same time, there was evidence of cross-ideological connections and exchanges, which may facilitate open, cross-party, and cross-ideological discourse, and ignite wider debate and learning as they are observed by nonaffiliated voters and the media at large. However, what appeared to be far less likely was any increased willingness or tendency for committed partisans to shift their allegiances as a result of their Twitter engagements, and we postulate that Twitter usage at present is likely to further embed partisan loyalties during electoral periods rather than loosen them; a dynamic that would seemingly contribute to political polarization.
Determining Wide Area Damping Control Signal (WADCS) based on C5.0 classifier

This paper presents a new approach to design Wide Area Damping Control Signal (WADCS) for damping inter-area oscillation on power system using C5.0-based decision tree method. For classifying between positive and negative damping ratio, a series of measurements are taken under various line outage scenarios with respect to operational conditions. The data of input features and output target classes are used as the input-output pairs for decision tree learning. The performance of the proposed method is verified on a 39-bus New England dynamic network. The simulation results are presented for various input features including generators and terminal variables. The results show the influence of proposed method to select global signals for damping inter-area oscillation.
Activation of microvascular pericytes in autoimmune Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE To determine the temporal and spatial relationship between platelet-derived growth factor beta (PDGFbeta) receptors, PDGF-AB/BB, and activated pericytes across the Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma) disease spectrum. METHODS Monoclonal antibodies against PDGFbeta receptors, PDGF-AB/BB, and high molecular weight-melanoma-associated antigen (HMW-MAA), a marker for activated pericytes, were used to immunohistochemically analyze serial sections of skin biopsy tissue from patients with RP and from scleroderma patients. To delineate cell-specific PDGFbeta receptor expression, double immunofluorescence-stained sections were analyzed using computer-aided image analysis and confocal microscopy. RESULTS PDGFbeta receptor-expressing cells and HMW-MAA-expressing pericytes were found in biopsy samples from autoimmune RP patients and in both early fibrotic and early nonfibrotic scleroderma skin, but not in normal or primary RP or late-stage scleroderma skin. PDGF-AB/BB was expressed within the epidermis, at the epidermal/dermal junction, and by dermal macrophages. Analysis of juxtaposed serial sections revealed an increased frequency of receptor expression in microvessels from autoimmune RP and early scleroderma skin (P < 0.01). Double-labeling studies using confocal microscopy showed that, in vivo, PDGFbeta receptors were predominantly expressed by microvascular pericytes from both autoimmune RP and early scleroderma skin. CONCLUSION PDGFbeta receptors are expressed by activated microvascular pericytes in patients with autoimmune RP and in early SSc patients, but not in those with primary RP or late-stage scleroderma. These findings suggest that features of autoimmune RP are distinct from those of primary RP, and that microvascular pericytes may be an important link between chronic microvascular damage and fibrosis.
3D Free-viewpoint video capturing interface by using bimanual operation

This paper proposes an interface for capturing the 3D free-viewpoint video of a soccer game by using bimanual operation. Users virtually capture 3D free-viewpoint video by observing a virtualized miniature soccer stadium on a tabletop. To exploit the human hand's dexterous manipulation ability, we use a 3D tracker to input the 3D position and the orientation of a virtual camera that captures the 3D free-viewpoint video. The proposed system displays the overhead-view on a tabletop where a user manipulates the virtual camera. By browsing this overhead-view, the context can be easily understood (e.g., positions of players and the ball) in a virtualized soccer scene. We develop a proposed system and conduct on evaluations to confirm the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Importance of functional and metabolic impairments in the characterization of the C-26 murine model of cancer cachexia

SUMMARY Cancer cachexia describes the progressive skeletal muscle wasting and weakness that is associated with many cancers. It impairs quality of life and accounts for >20% of all cancer-related deaths. The main outcome that affects quality of life and mortality is loss of skeletal muscle function and so preclinical models should exhibit similar functional impairments in order to maximize translational outcomes. Mice bearing colon-26 (C-26) tumors are commonly used in cancer cachexia studies but few studies have provided comprehensive assessments of physiological and metabolic impairment, especially those factors that impact quality of life. Our aim was to characterize functional impairments in mildly and severely affected cachectic mice, and determine the suitability of these mice as a preclinical model. Metabolic abnormalities are also evident in cachectic patients and we investigated whether C-26-tumor-bearing mice had similar metabolic aberrations. Twelve-week-old CD2F1 mice received a subcutaneous injection of PBS (control) or C-26 tumor cells. After 18–20 days, assessments were made of grip strength, rotarod performance, locomotor activity, whole body metabolism, and contractile properties of tibialis anterior (TA) muscles (in situ) and diaphragm muscle strips (in vitro). Injection of C-26 cells reduced body and muscle mass, and epididymal fat mass. C-26-tumor-bearing mice exhibited lower grip strength and rotarod performance. Locomotor activity was impaired following C-26 injection, with reductions in movement distance, duration and speed compared with controls. TA muscles from C-26-tumor-bearing mice had lower maximum force (−27%) and were more susceptible to fatigue. Maximum specific (normalized) force of diaphragm muscle strips was reduced (−10%) with C-26 injection, and force during fatiguing stimulation was also lower. C-26-tumor-bearing mice had reduced carbohydrate oxidation and increased fat oxidation compared with controls. The range and consistency of functional and metabolic impairments in C-26-tumor-bearing mice confirm their suitability as a preclinical model for cancer cachexia. We recommend the use of these comprehensive functional assessments to maximize the translation of findings to more accurately identify effective treatments for cancer cachexia.
Well-Being in Indian Adolescents: Role of Emotional Autonomy and Identity Formation

The objective of the present study was to examine the role of emotional autonomy and identity formation in the well-being of Indian adolescents. For this purpose, a sample of 400 adolescents (200 boys and 200 girls) ranging in age from 16 to 21 years, were selected from various colleges of city Amritsar (India). The sample was administered various psychological tools to measure well-being, emotional autonomy, and the identity statuses. The correlational analyses suggested that for both boys’ and girls’ sample, all dimensions of emotional autonomy and the identity statuses of achievement and moratorium have significant positive correlations with well-being, whereas the identity statuses of foreclosure and diffusion have shown an inverse relationship with well-being. Step-Wise Multiple Regression Analyses revealed that variables contributing positively to the well-being of both adolescent boys and girls are individuation, non-dependency on parents, and identity achievement, whereas identity diffusion contributes negatively to the well-being of both boys and girls. Moratorium status seems to be playing a positive role in the well-being of adolescent girls, whereas foreclosure status contributes negatively to the well-being of adolescent boys.
Behavioral partitioning in the synthesis of mixed analog-digital systems

Synthesis of mixed-signal designs from behavioral specifications must address analog-digital partitioning. In this paper, we investigate the issues in mixed-signal behavioral partitioning and design space exploration for signal-processing systems. We begin with the system behavior specified in an intermediate format called the mixed signal flow graph, based on the time-amplitude characterization of signals. We present techniques for analog-digital behavioral partitioning of the MSFG, and performance estimation of the technology-mapped analog and digital circuits. The partitioned solution must satisfy constraints imposed by the target field programmable mixed-signal architecture on available configurable resources, available data converters, their resolution and speed, and I/O pins. The quality of the solution is evaluated based on two metrics, namely feasibility and performance. The former is a measure of the validity of the solution with respect to the architectural constraints. The latter measures the performance of the system based on bandwidth/speed and noise.
THWARTING BLACKHOLE ATTACKS IN DISRUPTION-TOLERANT NETWORKS USING ENCOUNTER

The intermittent connectivity between nodes to transfer data is exploited using Disruption tolerant networks (DTNs). DTNs are susceptible to flood attacks which limits the network resources. A technique to detect a node has violated its rate limits. Although it is easy to detect the violation of rate limit on the internet and in telecommunication networks where the egress router and base station can account each user’s traffic , it is challenging in DTNs due to lack of communication infrastructure and consistent connectivity. A node moves around and may send data to any contacted node; it is very difficult to count the number of packets or replicas sent out by this node. If an attacker floods more packets or replicas than its limit it has to use the same count in more than one claim according to pigeonhole principle , and this inconsistency may lead to detection . The more traffic an attacker floods , the more likely it will be detected. The detection probability can be flexibly adjusted by system parameters that control the amount of claims exchanged in a contact . To overcomes the probability detection; we introduce the new concept of self –adaptive approach, where the link capacity of each packet is calculated using previous history values and then packets
Bounds on the power of proofs and advice in general physical theories

Quantum theory presents us with the tools for computational and communication advantages over classical theory. One approach to uncovering the source of these advantages is to determine how computation and communication power vary as quantum theory is replaced by other operationally defined theories from a broad framework of such theories. Such investigations may reveal some of the key physical features required for powerful computation and communication. In this paper, we investigate how simple physical principles bound the power of two different computational paradigms which combine computation and communication in a non-trivial fashion: computation with advice and interactive proof systems. We show that the existence of non-trivial dynamics in a theory implies a bound on the power of computation with advice. Moreover, we provide an explicit example of a theory with no non-trivial dynamics in which the power of computation with advice is unbounded. Finally, we show that the power of simple interactive proof systems in theories where local measurements suffice for tomography is non-trivially bounded. This result provides a proof that QMA is contained in PP, which does not make use of any uniquely quantum structure—such as the fact that observables correspond to self-adjoint operators—and thus may be of independent interest.
Forma Track

Knowledge of a person’s whereabouts in the home is key to context-aware applications, but many people do not want to carry or wear a tag or mobile device in the home. Therefore, many tracking systems are now using so-called weak biometrics such as height, weight, and width. In this paper, we propose to use body shape as a weak biometric, differentiating people based on features such as head size, shoulder size, or torso size. The basic idea is to scan the body with a radar sensor and to compute the reflection profile: the amount of energy that reflects back from each part of the body. Many people have different body shapes even if they have the same height, weight, or width, which makes body shape a stronger biometric. We built a proof-of-concept system called FormaTrack to test this approach, and evaluate using eight participants of varying height and weight. We collected over 2800 observations while capturing a wide range of factors such as clothing, hats, shoes, and backpacks. Results show that FormaTrack can achieve a precision, recall, direction and identity accuracy (over all possible groups of 2 people) of 100%, 99.86%, 99.7% and 95.3% respectively. Results indicate that FormaTrack can achieve over 99% tracking accuracy with 2 people in a home with 5 or more rooms.
Estimating Effective Population Size from Linkage Disequilibrium between Unlinked Loci: Theory and Application to Fruit Fly Outbreak Populations

There is a substantial literature on the use of linkage disequilibrium (LD) to estimate effective population size using unlinked loci. The estimates are extremely sensitive to the sampling process, and there is currently no theory to cope with the possible biases. We derive formulae for the analysis of idealised populations mating at random with multi-allelic (microsatellite) loci. The ‘Burrows composite index’ is introduced in a novel way with a ‘composite haplotype table’. We show that in a sample of diploid size , the mean value of or from the composite haplotype table is biased by a factor of , rather than the usual factor for a conventional haplotype table. But analysis of population data using these formulae leads to estimates that are unrealistically low. We provide theory and simulation to show that this bias towards low estimates is due to null alleles, and introduce a randomised permutation correction to compensate for the bias. We also consider the effect of introducing a within-locus disequilibrium factor to , and find that this factor leads to a bias in the estimate. However this bias can be overcome using the same randomised permutation correction, to yield an altered with lower variance than the original , and one that is also insensitive to null alleles. The resulting formulae are used to provide estimates on 40 samples of the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, from populations with widely divergent expectations. Linkage relationships are known for most of the microsatellite loci in this species. We find that there is little difference in the estimated values from using known unlinked loci as compared to using all loci, which is important for conservation studies where linkage relationships are unknown.
Cross-layer effective bandwidth-based radio resource management in CDMA networks with LMMSE receivers

We propose a novel concept of cross-layer effective bandwidth that characterizes the unified radio resource usage taking into account both physical layer linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) receivers and varying statistical characteristics of the packet traffic in code division multiple access (CDMA) networks. Based on the concept of cross-layer effective bandwidth, we show that rich theories developed in traditional circuit-switched networks can be used to analyze various radio resource management schemes in packet CDMA networks. The effectiveness of the proposed approaches is demonstrated by numerical examples.
Effectively Maintained Inequality: Education Transitions, Track Mobility, and Social Background Effects1

This article proposes a general explanation for social background‐related inequality. Educational attainment research indicates that the later an education transition, the lower the social background effect. While some suggest life course changes in the parent‐child relationship or between‐family competition explain this pattern, others contend the result is a statistical artifact, and that the analytic strategy presupposes agents are irrationally myopic. This article addresses these criticisms by framing educational transitions in terms of students' movement through the stratified curriculum. Students select their stratum, one of which is dropping out. To make these choices, they consider their most recent salient performance. Using time‐varying performance measures to predict students' track placement/school continuation sustains the validity of the educational transitions approach and suggests substantively important social background effects even for nearly universal transitions. Results are consistent with the general perspective termed effectively maintained inequality.
Amoklauf: Und jetzt nehme ich Rache!

Zusammenfassung Die Bedeutung von (Cyber-)Bullying als Motiv oder Auslöser von Amokläufen in der Schule wird in der Forschung kontrovers diskutiert. Ca. 5 bis 10% aller Schüler werden regelmäßig in der realen oder virtuellen Welt viktimisiert, das Vorkommen der Problematik wird von Bezugspersonen meist unterschätzt. (Cyber-)Bullying kann zu vielfältigen psychosozialen Schwierigkeiten (internalisierende Verhaltensauffälligkeiten bis in seltenen Fällen hin zu schweren Gewaltformen) führen, da dadurch die Entwicklung sozio-kognitiver Kompetenzen und sozialer Ressourcen beeinträchtigt sein kann. Verschiedene Schutzfaktoren und günstige Coping-Strategien werden vorgestellt. Die Stärkung der Persönlichkeitsentwicklung von Kindern/Jugendlichen und die Förderung günstiger Umgebungsfaktoren kann das Risiko für das Auftreten von extremer Gewalt wie sie bei Amokläufen deutlich wird, präventiv reduzieren.
Accelerating reproductive and child health program development: The Navrongo initiative in Ghana

Successive global health and development agendas have been embraced by African governments--Alma Ata in 1978 the Bamako Initiative in 1987 the 1994 Cairo International Conference on Population and Development and more recently the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)--only to be followed by widespread implementation failure. This paper presents an approach to program development in Ghana that is using research to accelerate policy implementation. Originally launched in 1994 as a participatory pilot project of the Navrongo Health Research Centre a controlled experimental study was initiated in 1996 to assess the fertility and child-survival impact of alternative community health and family planning service strategies. Posting nurses to communities reduced childhood mortality rates by half accelerating attainment of the childhood-survival MDG within five years. Adding community-mobilization strategies and volunteer outreach to this approach led to a 15 percent reduction in fertility. When a replication project in the Volta Region demonstrated that the Navrongo service model could be transferred to a nonresearch setting the Government of Ghana adopted the Navrongo approach as the health component of its national poverty-reduction strategy. In 2000 the Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) initiative was launched to accelerate implementation of this policy. By mid-2005 CHPS was fully operational in 20 districts and under development in nearly every other district of Ghana. Analysis of successive phases of the Ghana program-development process demonstrates feasible means of improving national access to reproductive and child health services. (authors)
Person-to-Person Lending: The Pursuit of (More) Competitive Credit Markets

Person-to-person lending (P2PL) on the Internet is a relatively new credit market. The success of these markets hinges on their ability to provide both borrowers and lenders the chance to improve on the opportunities available in traditional intermediated credit markets. In essence, P2PL must create a more competitive market. Empirical observations provide evidence that frictions exist in these markets, which generally move markets away from competitive outcomes. Currently, auctions are the most popular mechanism for P2PL. This paper develops and analyzes an equilibrium competing auction model of P2PL. Coordination frictions and the presence of noncreditworthy borrowers create an environment where many potentially productive transactions are not made and interest rate dispersion is observed. Additionally, if the market naturally segments into groups of similar borrowers then increased frictions in a segment may lead some portion of lenders to migrate to a different segment.