Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural, electrical and spectroscopic studies of the diffuse phase transition relaxor-like ferroelectric material Ba[(Ho,Sb)0.05Ti0.9]O3

Abstract Spectroscopic, structural and electrical properties of Ba[(Ho,Sb)0.05Ti0.9]O3 have been characterized to determine the effects of charge compensated dipole-like (Ho3+, Sb5+) substitutions on temperature dependent material properties. XRD and Rietveld analysis have been used to determine lattice parameters and coefficients of thermal expansion from RT to 1373 K. Capacitance measurements have been conducted over the temperature range [198 K, 1073 K] and frequency range [10 Hz, 1 MHz] to investigate the dielectric properties, including Curie temperature. The microstructural features of the material, observed using a scanning electron microscope, show submicron grain size. The oxidation states of Ho3+ and Sb5+ substitutions within Ba[(Ho,Sb)0.05Ti0.9]O3 have also been indirectly investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and are reported in relation to the observed Ti 2p spectrum. Ba[(Ho,Sb)0.05Ti0.9]O3 has a maximum relative permittivity of about 5000 at 267 K that corresponds to an orthorhombic () to tetragonal (P4/mmm) phase transition. Another structural phase transition of Ba(Ho0.05Sb0.05Ti0.9)O3, from tetragonal (P4/mmm) to cubic (), is observed between 623 K and 673 K through a peak in the dielectric constant as well as Rietveld refinement of XRD data. Thus, charge compensated dipole-like (Ho3+, Sb5+) substitutions within BaTiO3 result in the formation of a solid solution as observed through the material Ba[(Ho3+,Sb5+)0.05Ti0.9]O3. Compared with BaTiO3, the material possesses some similar properties, like the same structural sequence with increasing temperature, yet other properties, like diffuseness of the temperature dependent relative permittivity, are fundamentally different and consistent with a dipole-like glass state. Experimental results are compared with several currently utilized models in an effort to better understand the effect that dipole-like substitutions have on material properties.
Understanding and Implementing Diagnostic Stewardship: A Guide for Resident Physicians in the Era of Antimicrobial Resistance

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health challenge, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are crucial in managing this crisis, with diagnostic stewardship (DS) emerging as a key component. DS refers to the appropriate use of diagnostic tests to optimize patient outcomes, improve antimicrobial use, and combat multi-drug-resistant (MDR) organisms. Despite its potential, understanding and application of DS remain ambiguous in multiple respects, which, however, do not directly implicate the implementation of such initiatives. DS is particularly important for resident physicians who are often at the forefront of patient care and can significantly influence future AMR strategies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of DS, discussing its importance, potential challenges, and future directions. It emphasizes the need for resident physicians to understand DS principles and integrate them into their clinical practice from the beginning of their careers. The review also highlights the role of various stakeholders in implementing DS and the importance of continuous education and training. Ultimately, DS is not just a clinical tool but a philosophy of care, essential for a more responsive, humane, and effective healthcare system.
Application of Machine Learning in Automotive Stud Weld Defect Classification

Arc stud welding (ASW) is a well-developed and automated manufacturing process commonly used to fasten studs to a workpiece. This process requires the implementation of measures to prevent low-quality welds that can lead to the disposal of an entire structure. In this article, a machine learning-based method is introduced that uses experimental data to detect and classify defective stud welds. The source of data is a series of experimental arc stud welds conducted by a precision robotic arm. Welding data log is recorded through various sensors to shape a multivariate dataset for ASW. Then, wavelet transforms (WTs) as well as synthetic signal generation are applied for feature extraction. For each set of extracted features, suitable models are designed, trained, and evaluated for automatic root cause classification. Next, the models and approaches are compared on synthetic measurement generation, feature extractions, and feature importance. Numerical results show that XGBoost, the best model, has an 85.41% F1-score on the test set. Additionally, the study reveals that voltage and lift play crucial roles in the root cause classification of arc stud weld. The proposed method not only offers promising results for defect detection in ASW but also provides outreach value for similar industrial processes.
MAMÍFEROS TERRESTRES DEL MIOCENO MEDIO-TARDÍO DE LAS CUENCAS DE LOS RIOS COLORADO Y NEGRO (ARGENTINA): EVOLUCIÓN AMBIENTAL

Se analizan los aspectos sistematicos, evolutivos, cronologicos y ecologicos provistos por el estudio de nuevos restos de roedores cardiaterinos y notoungulados mesoterinos. Provienen estos de distintas localidades y formaciones expuestas entre los contrafuertes australes del "Positivo de las Sierras Bonaerenses" y el Norte del "Macizo Nordpatagonico", y dentro de la zona de influencia de los cursos actuales de los rios Colorado y Negro. Esos aspectos, y los obtenidos tambien por otros mamiferos coetaneos de la misma region, se confrontan con las caracteristicas litogeneticas de las formaciones portadoras. Tal confrontacion nos lleva a proponer la hipotesis de que todos ellos fueron inhumados en sedimentos vinculados a las planicies de inundacion y a las regiones marginales que sucedieron durante la elaboracion de las actuales cuencas de los rios Colorado y Negro. Esto ocurrio durante la ultima parte del Mioceno, y quiza durante los comienzos del Plioceno. Es este un ejemplo regional de los relacionados procesos tectosedimentarios y biologicos que anteriormente reconocimos como "Edad de las Planicies Australes".
Comparison of Results From Transit Satellite Tracking

Large-scale motions and strain-rates over great distances on polar ice sheets are often obtained from the tracking of Transit (or doppler) satellites. The results of different processing techniques for these tracking data are compared, using some of the data collected on and near Ice Stream C. Reduction is made by using the software packages CALIPER, GEODOP V, MAGNET, and the micro-processor on the Magnavox MX 1502 satellite receiver. The orbital data broadcast by the satellites are used, as well as more precise orbits obtained afterward. In addition, calculations are made for single sites individually (point positioning) and for many sites with simultaneous tracking data (network adjustment). The results agree within the range of known errors associated with the orbits. Earth-based positions (latitude, longitude, ellipsoidal height), based on the broadcast orbits, agree to within 41.1 m. Positions with more precise orbits are within 0.7 m of one another. Relative positions are best obtained by using network techniques, and these agree with terrestrial survey results within 0.2 m in horizontal separation for sites 19 km apart, and are within 4.8 m in elevation difference. The calculated azimuth differs by 1.5 m/19 km or 10−4 rad.
The Income Statement Channel of Monetary Policy

We study the dynamic transmission of monetary policy shocks into corporate profitability. We find an initial negative association between monetary policy shocks and corporate revenues and expenses. The revenue response is consistent with a consumer substitution effect, while the expense response is consistent with a firm cost of capital effect. The expense effect exceeds the revenue effect, yielding a positive relation between the shocks and profitability in the short run. Both effects are concentrated in cash revenues and expenses. Results vary predictably with consumers’ and firms’ financial constraints, firms’ business models, and the accounting treatment of investment outlays.
Remittances, FDI, and Economic Growth in South Asia: Evidence from Panel Data - Rimesse di denaro, Investimenti Diretti Esteri e crescita economica in Sud Asia: evidenze da dati panel

This paper estimates the effect of FDI and remittances on economic growth in South Asia using an aggregate production function model. Time series data from 1976 to 2010 for India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka is used to create the panel data. Time series properties of the panel data are diagnosed using panel unit root and panel cointegration tests and an error correction model is developed. The model is estimated using fixed effects estimator. The findings suggest that FDI has a positive effect on economic growth but remittances have a negative effect. A decrease in exports due to the Dutch Disease, a decrease in the labor force participation of the remittance receiving family, and public moral hazard problems could be possible reasons for the negative effect of remittances on economic growth. Questo studio stima l’effetto degli Investimenti Diretti Esteri e delle rimesse di denaro sulla crescita economica in Sud Asia utilizzando un modello di funzione di produzione aggregata con serie di dati panel del periodo 1976-2010 relativi a India, Pakistan, Bangladesh e Sri Lanka. Le proprieta dei dati di serie temporali sono analizzate tramite test di radice unitaria e di cointegrazione e viene sviluppato un modello error correction, per la stima del quale si utilizza uno stimatore a effetti fissi. I risultati suggeriscono che solo gli Investimenti Diretti Esteri hanno un effetto positivo sulla crescita economica. Una diminuzione nell’export dovuta al “morbo dell’olandese”, una diminuzione nella partecipazione alla forza lavoro delle famiglie che ricevono rimesse e il problema dell’azzardo morale possono essere le ragioni dell’effetto negativo di queste ultime sulla crescita economica.
Tax Avoidance and Firm Value: Moderating Role of Intellectual Capital

The market response can be caused by information submitted by the company to the public. It is related to the company's market performance which is not necessarily in line with its operating performance. Certain management policies identified through financial reports can encourage a positive market response. This study investigates the effect of tax avoidance on the firm value by using intellectual capital as a moderating variable. The data used in this research is sourced from www.idnfinancials. com and www.idx. co.id, using data on financial statements and share prices of financial sector firms in the banking sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018 to 2021. This study employs a purposive sampling approach to use the total sample for 128 observations. The test result suggests that tax avoidance is negatively associated with firm value. Also, this study finds that intellectual capital weakens the negative effect of tax avoidance on the firm value.
An Improved Overlapping Clustering Algorithm to Detect Outlier

MCOKE algorithm in identifying data objects to multi cluster is known for its simplicity and effectiveness. Its drawback is the use of maxdist as a global threshold in assigning objects to one or more cluster while it is sensitive to outliers. Having outliers in the datasets can significantly affect the effectiveness of maxdist as regards to overlapping clustering. In this paper, the outlier detection is incorporated in MCOKE algorithm so that it can detect and remove outliers that can participate in the calculation of assigning objects to one or more clusters. The improved MCOKE algorithm provides better identification of overlapping clustering results. The performance was evaluated via F1 score performance criterion. Evaluation results revealed that the outlier detection demonstrated higher accuracy rate in identifying abnormal data (outliers) when applied to real datasets .
Downregulation of Zebrafish Cytosolic Sialidase Neu3.2 Affects Skeletal Muscle Development

Sialidases remove terminal sialic acids residues from the non-reducing ends of glycoconjugates. They have been recognized as catabolic enzymes that work within different subcellular compartments and can ensure the proper turn-over of glycoconjugates. Four mammalian sialidases (NEU1-4) exist, with different subcellular localization, pH optimum and substrate specificity. In zebrafish, seven different sialidases, with high homology to mammalian counterparts, have been identified. Zebrafish Neu3.2 is similar to the human cytosolic sialidase NEU2, which is involved in skeletal muscle differentiation and exhibits a broad substrate specificity toward gangliosides and glycoproteins. In zebrafish neu3.2, mRNA is expressed during somite development, and its enzymatic activity has been detected in the skeletal muscle and heart of adult animals. In this paper, 1–4-cell-stage embryos injected with neu3.2 splice-blocking morpholino showed severe embryonic defects, mainly in somites, heart and anterior–posterior axis formation. Myog and myod1 expressions were altered in morphants, and impaired musculature formation was associated with a defective locomotor behavior. Finally, the co-injection of Neu2 mouse mRNA in morphants rescued the phenotype. These data are consistent with the involvement of cytosolic sialidase in pathologies related to muscle formation and support the validity of the model to investigate the pathogenesis of the diseases.
Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease Complicated by Diabetes Mellitus Has a Relatively Small Effect on Endothelial and Lipoprotein Lipases Expression in the Human Atrial Myocardium and Coronary Perivascular Adipose Tissue

Endothelial (EL) and lipoprotein (LPL) lipases are enzymes involved in lipoproteins metabolism and formation of atherosclerosis, a pathological feature of coronary artery disease (CAD). This paper examines the role of the lipases in the right atrial appendage (RAA) and coronary perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) of patients with CAD alone or with accompanying diabetes. Additionally, correlation analysis for plasma concentration of the lipases, apolipoproteins (ApoA-ApoJ) and blood lipids (Chol, HDL-C, LDL-C, TAG) was performed. We observed that CAD had little effect on the lipases gene/protein levels in the RAA, while their transcript content was elevated in the PVAT of diabetic CAD patients. Interestingly, the RAA was characterized by higher expression of EL/LPL (EL: +1-fold for mRNA, +5-fold for protein; LPL: +2.8-fold for mRNA, +12-fold for protein) compared to PVAT. Furthermore, ApoA1 plasma concentration was decreased, whereas ApoC1 and ApoH were increased in the patients with CAD and/or diabetes. The concentrations of ApoC3 and ApoD were strongly positively correlated with TAG content in the blood, and the same was true for ApoB with respect to LDL-C and total cholesterol. Although plasma concentrations of EL/LPL were elevated in the patients with diabetes, CAD alone had little effect on blood, myocardial and perivascular fat expression of the lipases.
A Sustainable, Green-Processed, Ag-Nanoparticle-Incorporated Eggshell-Derived Biomaterial for Wound-Healing Applications

The eggshell membrane (ESM) is a natural biomaterial with unique physical and mechanical properties that make it a promising candidate for wound-healing applications. However, the ESM’s inherent properties can be enhanced through incorporation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which have been shown to have antimicrobial properties. In this study, commercially produced AgNPs and green-processed AgNPs were incorporated into ESM and evaluated for their physical, biological, and antimicrobial properties for potential dermal application. The ESM was extracted using various techniques, and then treated with either commercially produced AgNPs (Sigma-Aldrich, Poole, UK) or green-synthesized AgNPs (Metalchemy, London, UK) to produce AgNPs-ESM samples. The physical characteristics of the samples were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and the biological properties were assessed through in vitro studies using human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and BJ cells. The SEM analysis of the AgNPs-ESM samples showed localization of AgNPs on the ESM surface, and that the ESM maintained its structural integrity following AgNP incorporation. The FTIR confirmed loading of AgNPs to ESM samples. The biological studies showed that the 5 μg/mL AgNPs-ESM samples were highly biocompatible with both HDFs and BJ cells, and had good viability and proliferation rates. Additionally, the AgNPs-ESM samples demonstrated pro-angiogenic properties in the CAM assay, indicating their potential for promoting new blood vessel growth. Assessment of the antimicrobial activity of the enhanced AgNPs/ESMs was validated using the International Standard ISO 16869:2008 methodology and exploited Cladosporium, which is one of the most commonly identified fungi in wounds, as the test microorganism (≥5 × 106 cells/mL). The AgNPs-ESM samples displayed promising antimicrobial efficacy as evidenced by the measured zone of inhibition. Notably, the green-synthesized AgNPs demonstrated greater zones of inhibition (~17 times larger) compared to commercially available AgNPs (Sigma-Aldrich). Although both types of AgNP exhibited long-term stability, the Metalchemy-modified samples demonstrated a slightly stronger inhibitory effect. Overall, the AgNPs-ESM samples developed in this study exhibited desirable physical, biological, and antimicrobial properties for potential dermal wound-dressing applications. The use of green-processed AgNPs in the fabrication of the AgNPs-ESM samples highlights the potential for sustainable and environmentally friendly wound-healing therapies. Further research is required to assess the long-term biocompatibility and effectiveness of these biomaterials in vivo.
The Potential of Trichoderma-Mediated Nanotechnology Application in Sustainable Development Scopes

The environmental impact of industrial development has been well-documented. The use of physical and chemical methods in industrial development has negative consequences for the environment, raising concerns about the sustainability of this approach. There is a growing need for advanced technologies that are compatible with preserving the environment. The use of fungi products for nanoparticle (NP) synthesis is a promising approach that has the potential to meet this need. The genus Trichoderma is a non-pathogenic filamentous fungus with a high degree of genetic diversity. Different strains of this genus have a variety of important environmental, agricultural, and industrial applications. Species of Trichoderma can be used to synthesize metallic NPs using a biological method that is environmentally friendly, low cost, energy saving, and non-toxic. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of Trichoderma metabolism in the synthesis of metallic NPs. We discuss the different metabolic pathways involved in NP synthesis, as well as the role of metabolic metabolites in stabilizing NPs and promoting their synergistic effects. In addition, the future perspective of NPs synthesized by extracts of Trichoderma is discussed, as well as their potential applications in biomedicine, agriculture, and environmental health.
Reduction in the Cocoa Spontaneous and Starter Culture Fermentation Time Based on the Antioxidant Profile Characterization

In current systems, the fermentation spontaneous process produces fermented beans of heterogeneous quality due to the fermentation time. This study demonstrated that the fermentation time should be reduced. For this purpose, the physicochemical parameters, antioxidant profile, and volatile compounds were characterized in two types of fermentation (spontaneous and starter culture) for 168 h in cocoa from three altitude levels. Multivariate analysis (cluster and PCA) was used to discriminate the fermentation stages. We found three stages in all fermentations, where the first two stages (0 h to 96 h) were characterized by a higher antioxidant potential of the cocoa bean and the presence of desirable volatile compounds such as acids, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and esters, which are precursors of cocoa aroma; however, prolonged fermentation times affected the antioxidant profile of the bean. In addition, the use of a starter culture facilitates the release of compounds in a shorter time (especially alcohols and esters). It is concluded that it is necessary to reduce the fermentation time under these conditions in the region of Amazonas.
A Novel Iterative Algorithm for Outlier Robust Phase Retrieval via Majorization Minimization Technique

In this article, we present a novel iterative primal-dual algorithm based on the majorization minimization (MM) principle to solve the problem of robust phase retrieval. The algorithm minimizes the reverse Kullback–Leibler divergence (RKLD) loss function, which is known to be not dependent on the statistical distribution of the noise in the measurements and also robust to presence of additive outliers. As the RKLD objective function is nonconvex, we reformulate the RKLD minimization problem to a minimax optimization problem by using the Fenchel dual representation of some term in the objective function. We then solve this minimax problem using the MM technique over the primal and dual variables, resulting in an iterative algorithm, referred to as RKLD-MM. The primal problem admits a closed-form solution, and we obtain the solution to the dual problem by solving the associated Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) condition, which requires the use of the Lambert function. We also extend the proposed algorithm to solve the problem with the $\ell _{1}$ -regularization that promotes sparsity, which we refer to as RKLD-MMR. The proposed algorithm does not require tuning of any hyperparameter and it is guaranteed to converge to a stationary point of the problem. We present various numerical simulations under different noise distributions on synthetic and experimental datasets. The RKLD-MM algorithm consistently performs better than the other state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE) in recovering the unknown signal and also effectively handles the outliers in the measurements.
Modern ultrasonic methods of diagnostics of hepatic steatosis

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, according to various estimates, affects a quarter of the world population. Significant interest in this pathology is due to the high frequency of adverse liver (steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis) and extrahepatic (association with cardiovascular disease) outcomes. One of the key areas is the timely diagnosis of liver steatosis. Reference diagnostic methods, which include liver biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging with assessment of liver fat proportion weighted by proton density, have objective practical and financial limitations for their routine use in detection and quantitative assessment of liver steatosis. Therefore, one of the current trends in hepatology is the development of inexpensive, widely applicable, and reliable noninvasive diagnostic tools. The aim of the present review is a comparative analysis of various ultrasound methods of liver steatosis diagnostics: qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative (estimation of hepatorenal index, controlled attenuation parameter). The presented publication reviews the currently available methods of detection and assessment of severity of liver steatosis based on ultrasound examination, including their classification, methodology and comparison of diagnostic efficiency with analysis of intra- and inter-operator reproducibility, sensitivity and specificity.