Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of clpQ+Y+ (hslV+U+) Gene Expression in Escherichia coli

The Escherichia coli ClpYQ (HslUV) complex is an ATP-dependent protease, and the clpQ+Y+ (hslV+U+) operon encodes two heat shock proteins, ClpQ and ClpY, respectively. The transcriptional (op) or translational (pr) clpQ+::lacZ fusion gene was constructed, with the clpQ+Y+ promoter fused to a lacZ reporter gene. The clpQ+::lacZ (op or pr) fusion gene was each crossed into lambda phage. The λclpQ+::lacZ+ (op), a transcriptional fusion gene, was used to form lysogens in the wild-type, rpoH or/and rpoS mutants. Upon shifting the temperature up from 30 °C to 42 °C, the wild-type λclpQ+::lacZ+ (op) demonstrates an increased β-galactosidase (βGal) activity. However, the βGal activity of clpQ+::lacZ+ (op) was decreased in the rpoH and rpoH rpoS mutants but not in the rpoS mutant. The levels of clpQ+::lacZ+ mRNA transcripts correlated well to their βGal activity. Similarly, the expression of the clpQ+::lacZ+ gene fusion was nearly identical to the clpQ+Y+ transcript under the in vivo condition. The clpQm1::lacZ+, containing a point mutation in the -10 promoter region for RpoH binding, showed decreased βGal activity, independent of activation by RpoH. We conclude that RpoH itself regulates clpQ+Y+ gene expression. In addition, the clpQ+Y+ message carries a conserved 71 bp at the 5’ untranslated region (5’UTR) that is predicted to form the stem-loop structure by analysis of its RNA secondary structure. The clpQm2Δ40::lacZ+, with a 40 bp deletion in the 5’UTR, showed a decreased βGal activity. In addition, from our results, it is suggested that this stem-loop structure is necessary for the stability of the clpQ+Y+ message.
The individual costs of parental leave: An empirical analysis of short- and longer-run consequences for women’s careers: Eine empirische Analyse der kurz- und längerfristigen Folgen für den Karriereverlauf von Frauen

The paper addresses the impact of parental leave on the subsequent earnings trajectories of mothers. The empirical analyses are based on fixed-effect-regressions of wage data from the German Socio-Economic Panel 1984-1999. The estimates show that subsequent wages are negatively related to length of parental leave. The negative effect of career interruptions is only partly compensated when women are able to return to their previous employer. In addition, the results show cumulative effects of parental leave periods: negative career effects are small at return to work, yet increase over the subsequent career.
SchistoDB: an updated genome resource for the three key schistosomes of humans

The new release of SchistoDB (http://SchistoDB.net) provides a rich resource of genomic data for key blood flukes (genus Schistosoma) which cause disease in hundreds of millions of people worldwide. SchistoDB integrates whole-genome sequence and annotation of three species of the genus and provides enhanced bioinformatics analyses and data-mining tools. A simple, yet comprehensive web interface provided through the Strategies Web Development Kit is available for the mining and visualization of the data. Genomic scale data can be queried based on BLAST searches, annotation keywords and gene ID searches, gene ontology terms, sequence motifs, protein characteristics and phylogenetic relationships. Search strategies can be saved within a user’s profile for future retrieval and may also be shared with other researchers using a unique web address.
Sportiness and masculinities among female and male physiotherapy students

Abstract This article explores the gendered importance of sportiness in terms of students’ judgments of themselves and their classmates as suitable physiotherapy students. The article is based on observations and qualitative interviews with students attending clinical skills training classes in the first year of a bachelor’s degree program in physiotherapy in Norway. The analysis focuses on sportiness as a display of masculinity and is inspired by Connell’s concept of multiple masculinities. The findings demonstrate sportiness as a shared common value among students. However, it was also found that there are two main typologies: (1) hyper-sportiness; and (2) ordinary sportiness. Male students judged as possessing hyper-sportiness are acknowledged as particularly suitable physiotherapy students and assume a hegemonic position in the student milieu. Female students who adapt hyper-sportiness have the potential to assume a hegemonic position, but tend not to do so. Female students with an ordinary level of sportiness have no particular problems in being identified as suitable physiotherapy students, whereas male students do encounter such problems. The article demonstrates how physiotherapy students’ sportiness is more complex than previously known, particularly concerning differences in how female and male students are acknowledged in terms of perceived suitability as physiotherapy students. Additionally, this work shows a continuity of historical lines with respect to how sportiness is embedded in gender within the physiotherapy profession.
Heart rate variability and heart rate recovery as prognostic factors

Background and aim Heart rate (HR) can appear static and regular at rest, during exercise or recovery after exercise. However, HR is constantly adjusted due to factors such as breathing, blood pressure control, thermoregulation and the renin-angiotensin system, leading to a more dynamic response that can be quantified using HRV (heart rate variability). HRV is defined as the deviation in time between successive normal heart beat and is a noninvasive method to measure the total variation in a number of HR interval. HRV can serve as measure of autonomic activity of sino-atrial node. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of certain clinical and paraclinical parameters on heart rate recovery after exercise in patients with ischemic heart disease and the relation with HRV using 24 h Holter monitoring. Methods The study included 46 patients who were submitted to cardiovascular exercise stress test and also to 24 h Holter EKG monitoring. Subjects had a mean age of 56.2±11.2 years, with a minimum of 25 and a maximum of 79 years. The study included 22 (47.8%) men and 24 (52.2%) women. Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc software version 14.8. 1. Multivariate analysis consisted of the construction of several multiple linear regression models. A p value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The HRV values (time domain) were all lower in the IHD compared with the group without coronary heart disease, even if the difference is not statistically significant. Also rest and maximal HR values were similar but during the test varies in the sense that those with IHD had higher values of rest and maximal HR and lower HRR, but not statistically significant. Conclusions HRV is a very easy and safe method if there is an available device and it is used for evaluation of the autonomic nervous system in many cardiovascular diseases, but also in other pathologies. In uncomplicated ischemic heart disease HRV is depressed, but not significant. HRR, which is also considered an indicator of the parasympathetic activity after exercise termination, is also non-significantlly decreased in ischemic patients and the correlation between them is weak. Both HRV and HRR parameters can be easily measured, but the best algorithm of this issue requires further studies, conducted in larger patient populations. Although HRR and HRV are tools to measure the autonomic nervous system activity the relation between them need more studies to be able to quantify the arrhythmogenic risk.
Cognitive Psychology

This chapter explores the entanglement of cognitive psychology with science fiction, but avoids familiar motifs from post-cyberpunk fiction. The beginnings of cognitive psychology are traced to the foundational work of figures such as George Miller and Noam Chomsky, subsequently codified into a self-conscious school by Ulrich Neisser. Jack Finney’s classic narrative, The Body Snatchers (1955), draws upon earlier proto-cognitivist discourses to contend, often quite didactically, that the human mind typically operates as a biased, limited capacity information processor. With this psychological and political thesis, the novel explores possible personal, political and aesthetic strategies that might free the human mind from its stereotypes and blind spots. The unsettling of everyday perception in The Body Snatchers is systematically generalized by the linguistic novums of Ian Watson’s The Embedding (1973), Samuel Delany’s Babel-17 (1966), and Ted Chiang’s ‘Story of Your Life’ (1998), which imagine that language (and thought) is fundamentally constructive of perceived reality. These stories ask broader, cosmological questions about the nature and accessibility of ultimate reality – with Watson’s novel ultimately proposing a mystical riposte to cognitivism’s model of the mind.
Die Reform des Medizinstudiums an der Medizinischen Fakultät/Universität Graz

Das traditionelle facherorientierte Rigorosenstudium Medizin wurde durch eine tief greifende Reform in ein modernes, modular aufgebautes und themenzentriertes Diplomstudium transformiert. Der Artikel gibt einen Uberblick uber den gesamten Prozess dieser Umwandlung - von der Initiierung uber die Planung bis zur letzten Endes erfolgreichen Umsetzung. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf die zahlreichen Hemmnisse, die einer so gravierenden Reform entgegen stehen, und auf die wesentlichen Erfolgsfaktoren des erforderlichen Change Managements zur Uberwindung dieser - eigentlich erwartbaren - Probleme gelegt. 04.03. 2009 | Gilbert Reibnegger, Josef Haas, Heide Neges & Josef Smolle (Graz)
Hoare Logic for Graph Programs

We present a new approach for verifying programs written in GP (for Graph Programs), an experimental programming language for performing computations on graphs at a high level of abstraction. Taking a labelled graph as input, a graph program nondeterministically applies to it a number of graph transformation rules, directed by simple control constructs such as sequential composition and as-long-as-possible iteration. We adapt classical Hoare logic to the domain of graphs, and describe a system of sound proof rules for showing the partial correctness of graph programs.
Multivariate models for human genetic analysis: aggregation, coaggregation, and tracking of systolic blood pressure and weight.

A multivariate path model parameterizing the sources of familial aggregation and coaggregation of systolic blood pressure and weight, as well as their tracking across time, is applied to longitudinal data collected in Muscatine, Iowa. Genetic, common household, and individual environmental effects, pleiotropy, and a direct regression effect of blood pressure on weight are parameterized. The sample consisted of 998 individuals distributed in 261 families of whom 601 were measured on four successive occasions. The data were divided with times 1 and 2 forming group 1, and times 3 and 4, group 2. Model fitting and estimation was performed using group 1, followed by testing the model and estimates using the data in group 2. Heritability estimates for systolic blood pressure and weight were . 15 and . 54, respectively. The genetic correlation between these traits was nonsignificant, but there was a significant direct regression effect. The results indicate that 30% of the full-sib correlation for systolic blood pressure is attributable to the aggregation of weight. In terms of tracking, 59% and 60% of the predicted systolic blood pressure and weight correlations, respectively, were attributable to genetic effects. Testing the model from group 1 in group 2 indicates that the qualitative relationships between blood pressure and weight are stable with time.
Sampling schemes for computing OBDD variable orderings

We suggest some novel variable ordering techniques based upon the notion of sampling. Such techniques can produce highly effective static variable orders, and can thus be employed in numerous problems where current static variable ordering techniques prove totally inadequate. They can also augment various reordering techniques thereby helping to produce far superior variable orders in a comparable, or lesser, amount of time. Importantly, we have been able to build BDDs of circuits which could not be represented previously using numerous other reordering packages.
Hypoxaemia‐induced catecholamine secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells inhibits glucose‐stimulated hyperinsulinaemia in fetal sheep

• Hypoxaemia was previously shown to lower fetal plasma insulin at euglycaemia and hyperglycaemia. Lowering insulin redistributes nutrients and spares glucose and oxygen. • Hypoxaemia also stimulates adrenal medullary secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline, but the impact of adrenal catecholamines versus local noradrenaline secretion by sympathetic neurons has not been evaluated on insulin concentrations. • To determine the impact of adrenal medullary catecholamines on plasma insulin, we surgically demedullated the adrenal glands in fetal sheep and challenged them with acute hypoxaemia. • We found that fetal adrenal chromaffin cells were the source for hypoxia‐induced increases in plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline. • Adrenal medullary catecholamines were essential for suppression of glucose‐stimulated hyperinsulinaemia but not for reduced basal insulin concentrations. They also contributed to fetal hyperlactacaemia and hypocarbia independently of their effects on insulin. • This study demonstrates that fetal hypoxaemia reduces basal and glucose‐stimulated insulin concentrations, but by different mechanisms. Glucose‐stimulated hyperinsulinaemia is reduced by elevated plasma catecholamines secreted from the adrenal medulla, which helps to spare glucose and oxygen resources.
Regulation of vascular endothelial junction stability and remodeling through Rap1-Rasip1 signaling

The ability of blood vessels to sense and respond to stimuli such as fluid flow, shear stress, and trafficking of immune cells is critical to the proper function of the vascular system. Endothelial cells constantly remodel their cell–cell junctions and the underlying cytoskeletal network in response to these exogenous signals. This remodeling, which depends on regulation of the linkage between actin and integral junction proteins, is controlled by a complex signaling network consisting of small G proteins and their various downstream effectors. In this commentary, we summarize recent developments in understanding the small G protein RAP1 and its effector RASIP1 as critical mediators of endothelial junction stabilization, and the relationship between RAP1 effectors and modulation of different subsets of endothelial junctions.
Nonadiabatically Tapered Microfiber Sensor With Ultrashort Waist

We investigated a nonadiabatically tapered microfiber refractive index sensor with an ultrashort waist length. Free spectral range (FSR) is one common issue in the interferometry-based sensors. Such sensors will not work properly once the resonant wavelengths shift over one cycle. It was found that the temperature and pulling speed are the crucial parameters to achieve a desired tapering profile. By setting a cooler tapering temperature and fast pulling speed, we successfully fabricated ultrashort microfibers with a waist length of only 2.4 mm and total length of 5.5 mm. The resulting FSR is ~80 nm and the maximum sensitivity achieved for such short microfiber is 25 667 nm/RIU.
A New Approach for Combining Yield and Performance in Behavioural Models for Analogue Integrated Circuits

A new algorithm is presented that combines performance and variation objectives in a behavioural model for a given analogue circuit topology and process. The tradeoffs between performance and yield are analysed using a combination of a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm and Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate a significant improvement in overall simulation time and efficiency compared to conventional simulation based approaches, without a corresponding drop in accuracy. This approach is particularly useful in the hierarchical design of large and complex circuits where computational overheads are often prohibitive. The behavioural model has been developed in Verilog-A and tested extensively with practical designs using the Spectretrade simulator. A benchmark OTA circuit was used to demonstrate the proposed algorithm and the behaviour has been verified with transistor level simulations of this circuit and a higher level filter design. This has demonstrated that an accurate performance and yield prediction can be achieved using this model, in a fraction of the time of conventional simulation based methods.
Gem-based entity-knowledge maintenance

Knowledge bases about entities have become a vital asset for Web search, recommendations, and analytics. Examples are Freebase being the core of the Google Knowledge Graph and the use of Wikipedia for distant supervision in numerous IR and NLP tasks. However, maintaining the knowledge about not so prominent entities in the long tail is often a bottleneck as human contributors face the tedious task of continuously identifying and reading relevant sources. To overcome this limitation and accelerate the maintenance of knowledge bases, we propose an approach that automatically extracts, from the Web, key contents for given input entities. Our method, called GEM, generates salient contents about a given entity, using minimal assumptions about the underlying sources, while meeting the constraint that the user is willing to read only a certain amount of information. Salient content pieces have variable length and are computed using a budget-constrained optimization problem which decides upon which sub-pieces of an input text should be selected for the final result. GEM can be applied to a variety of knowledge-gathering settings including news streams and speech input from videos. Our experimental studies show the viability of the approach, and demonstrate improvements over various baselines, in terms of precision and recall.
Jet Vetoes interfering with H WW Citation Moult

The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Abstract: Far off-shell Higgs production in H → W W, ZZ, is a particularly powerful probe of Higgs properties, allowing one to disentangle Higgs width and coupling information unavailable in on-shell rate measurements. These measurements require an understanding of the cross section in the far off-shell region in the presence of realistic experimental cuts. We analytically study the effect of a p T jet veto on far off-shell cross sections, including signal-background interference, by utilizing hard functions in the soft collinear effective theory that are differential in the decay products of the W/Z. Summing large logarithms of M W W /p veto T , we find that the jet veto induces a strong dependence on M W W , modifying distributions in M W W and M T. The example of gg → H → W W is used to demonstrate these effects at next to leading log order. We also discuss the importance of jet vetoes and jet binning for the recent program to extract Higgs couplings and widths from far off-shell cross sections.
Spectrally encoded fiber-based structured lighting probe for intraoperative 3D imaging

Three dimensional quantification of organ shape and structure during minimally invasive surgery (MIS) could enhance precision by allowing the registration of multi-modal or pre-operative image data (US/MRI/CT) with the live optical image. Structured illumination is one technique to obtain 3D information through the projection of a known pattern onto the tissue, although currently these systems tend to be used only for macroscopic imaging or open procedures rather than in endoscopy. To account for occlusions, where a projected feature may be hidden from view and/or confused with a neighboring point, a flexible multispectral structured illumination probe has been developed that labels each projected point with a specific wavelength using a supercontinuum laser. When imaged by a standard endoscope camera they can then be segmented using their RGB values, and their 3D coordinates calculated after camera calibration. The probe itself is sufficiently small (1.7 mm diameter) to allow it to be used in the biopsy channel of commonly used medical endoscopes. Surgical robots could therefore also employ this technology to solve navigation and visualization problems in MIS, and help to develop advanced surgical procedures such as natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery.
Volatility Spillovers between Energy and Agricultural Markets: A Critical Appraisal of Theory and Practice

textabstractEnergy and agricultural commodities and markets have been examined extensively, albeit separately, for a number of years. In the energy literature, the returns, volatility and volatility spillovers (namely, the delayed effect of a returns shock in one asset on the subsequent volatility or covolatility in another asset), among alternative energy commodities, such as oil, gasoline and ethanol across different markets, have been analysed using a variety of univariate and multivariate models, estimation techniques, data sets, and time frequencies. A similar comment applies to the separate theoretical and empirical analysis of a wide range of agricultural commodities and markets. Given the recent interest and emphasis in bio-fuels and green energy, especially bio-ethanol, which is derived from a range of agricultural products, it is not surprising that there is a topical and developing literature on the spillovers between energy and agricultural markets. Modelling and testing spillovers between the energy and agricultural markets has typically been based on estimating multivariate conditional volatility models, specifically the Baba, Engle, Kraft, and Kroner (BEKK) and dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) models. A serious technical deficiency is that the Quasi-Maximum Likelihood Estimates (QMLE) of a Full BEKK matrix, which is typically estimated in examining volatility spillover effects, has no asymptotic properties, except by assumption, so that no valid statistical test of volatility spillovers is possible. Some papers in the literature have used the DCC model to test for volatility spillovers. However, it is well known in the financial econometrics literature that the DCC model has no regularity conditions, and that the QMLE of the parameters of DCC has no asymptotic properties, so that there is no valid statistical testing of volatility spillovers. The purpose of the paper is to evaluate the theory and practice in testing for volatility spillovers between energy and agricultural markets using the multivariate Full BEKK and DCC models, and to make recommendations as to how such spillovers might be tested using valid statistical techniques. Three new definitions of volatility and covolatility spillovers are given, and the different models used in empirical applications are evaluated in terms of the new definitions and statistical criteria.