Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quorum Sensing in a Methane-Oxidizing Bacterium

ABSTRACT Aerobic methanotrophic bacteria use methane as their sole source of carbon and energy and serve as a major sink for the potent greenhouse gas methane in freshwater ecosystems. Dissecting the molecular details of how these organisms interact in the environment may increase our understanding of how they perform this important ecological role. Many bacterial species use quorum sensing (QS) systems to regulate gene expression in a cell density-dependent manner. We have identified a QS system in the genome of Methylobacter tundripaludum, a dominant methane oxidizer in methane enrichments of sediment from Lake Washington (Seattle, WA). We determined that M. tundripaludum produces primarily N-3-hydroxydecanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (3-OH-C10-HSL) and that its production is governed by a positive feedback loop. We then further characterized this system by determining which genes are regulated by QS in this methane oxidizer using transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and discovered that this system regulates the expression of a putative nonribosomal peptide synthetase biosynthetic gene cluster. Finally, we detected an extracellular factor that is produced by M. tundripaludum in a QS-dependent manner. These results identify and characterize a mode of cellular communication in an aerobic methane-oxidizing bacterium. IMPORTANCE Aerobic methanotrophs are critical for sequestering carbon from the potent greenhouse gas methane in the environment, yet the mechanistic details of chemical interactions in methane-oxidizing bacterial communities are not well understood. Understanding these interactions is important in order to maintain, and potentially optimize, the functional potential of the bacteria that perform this vital ecosystem function. In this work, we identify a quorum sensing system in the aerobic methanotroph Methylobacter tundripaludum and use both chemical and genetic methods to characterize this system at the molecular level.
TRIM32 affects the recovery of motor function following spinal cord injury through regulating proliferation of glia

Both the extrinsic environmental factors and intrinsic neuronal mechanisms limit the axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we identify tripartite motif protein 32 (TRIM32), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which is barely detected in glial cells in the normal uninjured spinal cord, exhibits strong expression in both astrocytes and microglia following SCI. We further observe that deficiency of TRIM32 results in increased numbers of astrocytes and microglia, which is accompanied by enhanced proliferation of both cells and increased secretion of interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-10. The axonal regeneration is impaired in the spinal cord of TRIM32−/− mice following SCI, which is indicated by increased distances of the corticospinal tracts (CST) fiber to the lesion site and less axonal sprouting. We further show that deficiency of TRIM32 results in delay motor recovery following SCI. Therefore, TRIM32 is a novel essential positive factor modulating axonal regeneration and the recovery of motor function following SCI, possibly through suppressing proliferation of glial cells.
Early childhood trauma in high-risk families: associations with caregiver emotional availability and insightfulness, and children’s social information processing and social behavior

ABSTRACT The links between exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), caregiver insightfulness and emotional availability, and the child’s social information processing (SIP) and social behavior were examined in a sample of 15 preschool children enrolled in a Therapeutic Nursery Program (TNP). Children are typically referred to the TNP due to significant delays in their social emotional development that often result in difficulty functioning in typical childcare, home, and community settings. Caregiver insightfulness was measured via an interview with the caregiver. Emotional availability was coded based on observations of caregiver–child interactions. The child’s SIP patterns were measured in an interview, and the child’s behavior in preschool was assessed by teacher reports. Higher levels of exposure to ACE were hypothesized to be related to lower levels of caregiver emotional availability and insightfulness and to higher levels of the children’s perceptual (i.e. SIP) and behavioral maladjustment. It was also hypothesized that caregiver emotional availability and insightfulness would be associated with one another and significantly associated with children’s perceptions and behaviors. Caregivers reporting higher levels of exposure exhibited lower levels of insightfulness and emotional availability. No such associations were found between the child’s exposure to ACE and the caregivers’ perceptions and behaviors. In addition, more insightful caregivers showed higher levels of emotional availability. Finally, children with more emotionally available caregivers showed more competent SIP and social behavior.
The power of big data and algorithms for advertising and customer communication

Leveraging customer data in scale and often in real time has led to a new field called programmatic commerce — the use of data, automation and analytics to improve customer experiences and company performances. In particular in advertising and marketing, programmatic applications have become very popular because they allow personalization/ micro-targeting as well as easier media planning due to the rise of automated buying processes. In this review study, we will discuss the development of the new field around advertising and marketing technology and summarize present research efforts. In addition, some industry case studies will be shared to illustrate the power of the latest big-data and machine-learning applications for driving business outcomes.
Understanding health food messages on Twitter for health literacy promotion

Aims: With the popularity of social media, Twitter has become an important tool to promote health literacy. However, many health-related messages on Twitter are dead-ended and cannot reach many people. This is unhelpful for health literacy promotion. This article aims to examine the features of online health food messages that people like to retweet. Methods: We adopted rumour theory as our theoretical foundation and extracted seven characteristics (i.e. emotional valence, attractiveness, sender’s authoritativeness, external evidence, argument length, hashtags, and direct messages). A total of 10,025 health-related messages on Twitter were collected, and 1496 messages were randomly selected for further analysis. Each message was treated as one unit and then coded. All the hypotheses were tested with logistic regression. Results: Emotional valence, attractiveness, sender’s authoritativeness, argument length, and direct messages in a Twitter message had positive effects on people’s retweet behaviour. The effect of external evidence was negative. Hashtags had no significant effect after consideration of other variables. Conclusion: Online health food messages containing positive emotions, including pictures, containing direct messages, having an authoritative sender, having longer arguments, or not containing external URLs are more likely to be retweeted. However, a message only containing positive or negative emotions or including direct messages without any support information will not be retweeted.
Successful Aging Among African American Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Objectives Rowe and Kahn's concept of successful aging remains an important model of well-being; additional research is needed, however, to identify how economically and socially disadvantaged older adults experience well-being, including the role of life events. The findings presented here help address this gap by examining the subjective construction of well-being among urban African American adults (age ≥ 50) with Type 2 diabetes. Method As part of the National Institute on Aging-funded Subjective Experience of Diabetes among Urban Older Adults study, ethnographers interviewed African American older adults with diabetes (n = 41) using an adaptation of the McGill Illness Narrative Interview. Data were coded using an inductively derived codebook. Codes related to aging, disease prognosis, and "worldview" were thematically analyzed to identify constructions of well-being. Results Participants evaluate their well-being through comparisons to the past and to the illnesses of friends and family. Diabetes self-care motivates social engagement and care of others. At times, distrust of medical institutions means well-being also is established through nonadherence to suggested biomedical treatment. Discussion Hardship and illness in participants' lives frame their diabetes experience and notions of well-being. Providers need to be aware of the social, economic, and political lenses shaping diabetes self-management and subjective well-being.
Amiloride Promotes Oligodendrocyte Survival and Remyelination after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

After spinal cord injury (SCI), secondary injury results in an expanding area of glial cell apoptosis. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) actively proliferate after SCI, but many of these cells undergo apoptosis. One of the factors that exacerbates secondary injury is endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In this study, we tested the effects of amiloride treatment on the fate of OPCs during secondary injury in rats. Amiloride is an FDA-approved diuretic for treating hypertension, which in rats enhances ER stress response and suppresses the apoptosis of glial cells after SCI. A severe contusive SCI was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using an infinite horizon (IH)-impactor (200 kdyne). Beginning 24 h after SCI, 10 mg/kg of amiloride or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was intraperitoneally administered daily for a period of 14 days. At 7, 14, 28, and 56 days after SCI, animals were subsequently euthanized in order to analyze the injured spinal cord. We labeled proliferating OPCs and demonstrated that amiloride treatment led to greater numbers of OPCs and oligodendrocytes in the injured spinal cord. Increased myelin basic protein (MBP) expression levels were observed, suggesting that increased numbers of mature oligodendrocytes led to improved remyelination, significantly improving motor function recovery.
How to achieve adherence to a ventilation algorithm for critically ill children?

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate to what extent physicians on a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) adhered to a newly implemented ventilation algorithm. BACKGROUND PICUs worldwide use different ventilators with a wide variety of ventilation modes. We developed an algorithm, as part of a larger protocol, for choice of ventilation mode at time of admission. DESIGN This study was performed in a level III PICU of a university children's hospital and had an uncontrolled, pre-post test design with a period before implementation (T0) and two periods after implementation (T1 and T2). METHODS An invasive ventilation algorithm targeted at two patient groups was implemented in October 2008. The algorithm distinguished between lung disease, in which pressure control was considered as the preferred mode, and no lung disease, in which pressure-regulated volume control was preferred. Nurses and physicians were instructed in the use of the algorithm before implementation. RESULTS During three test periods, a total of 507 children with a median age of 5 months [interquartile range (IQR) 0-50] on conventional invasive mechanical ventilation were included. In patients with lung disease, pre-implementation adherence rate was 79% (67/85). At T1 it was 71% (51/72); at T2 84% (46/55). The slight improvement from T1 to T2 was statistically not significant (p = 0·092). In patients with no lung disease, the adherence rate rose statistically significantly from 66% at T0 (62/93) to 78% (79/101) at T1, and 84% at T2 (85/101) (p = 0·015). CONCLUSION Implementation of a new ventilation algorithm increased physicians' adherence to this ventilation algorithm and the effect was sustained over time. This was achieved by education, reminders and organizational changes such as admission of postcardiac surgery patients with protocolized nursing care including preset ventilator settings. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Interdisciplinary collaboration, effective communication, leadership support and organizational aspects may be effective strategies to improve adherence to protocols.
Using digital interventions to improve the cardiometabolic health of populations: a meta-review of reporting quality

Objectives We conducted a meta-review to determine the reporting quality of user-centered digital interventions for the prevention and management of cardiometabolic conditions. Materials and Methods Using predetermined inclusion criteria, systematic reviews published between 2010 and 2015 were identified from 3 databases. To assess whether current evidence is sufficient to inform wider uptake and implementation of digital health programs, we assessed the quality of reporting of research findings using (1) endorsement of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, (2) a quality assessment framework (eg, Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool), and (3) 8 parameters of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials of Electronic and Mobile HEalth Applications and onLine TeleHealth (CONSORT-eHEALTH) guidelines (developed in 2010). Results Of the 33 systematic reviews covering social media, Web-based programs, mobile health programs, and composite modalities, 6 reported using the recommended PRISMA guidelines. Seven did not report using a quality assessment framework. Applying the CONSORT-EHEALTH guidelines, reporting was of mild to moderate strength. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first meta-review to provide a comprehensive analysis of the quality of reporting of research findings for a range of digital health interventions. Our findings suggest that the evidence base and quality of reporting in this rapidly developing field needs significant improvement in order to inform wider implementation and uptake. Conclusion The inconsistent quality of reporting of digital health interventions for cardiometabolic outcomes may be a critical impediment to real-world implementation.
Association between perfluorooctanoic acid exposure and degranulation of mast cells in allergic inflammation

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has wide applications, including as a raw material for converted paper and packaging products. With the widespread use of PFOA, concerns regarding its potential environmental and health impacts have increased. In spite of the known hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity of PFOA, correlation with PFOA and allergic inflammation is not well known. In this study, the effect of PFOA on the degranulation of mast cells and mast cell‐mediated allergic inflammation in the presence of FcεRI cross‐linking was evaluated. In immunoglobulin (Ig) E‐stimulated mast cells, PFOA increased the release of histamine and β‐hexosaminidase by the up‐regulation of intracellular calcium levels. PFOA enhanced gene expression of several pro‐inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐8 by the activation of nuclear factor (NF)‐κB in IgE‐stimulated mast cells. Also, PFOA exacerbated allergic symptoms via hypothermia, and an increase of serum histamine, TNF‐α, IgE and IgG1 in the ovalbumin‐induced systemic anaphylaxis. The present data indicate that PFOA aggravated FcɛRI‐mediated mast cell degranulation and allergic symptoms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevalence and mortality of chronic kidney disease in lymphoma patients

Abstract In patients with lymphoma, an important issue that has been recognized is renal involvement, including glomerulonephritis, acute kidney injury, and lymphoma infiltrating the kidney. However, the prevalence and mortality of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have not been fully understood in lymphoma patients. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CKD and its impact on mortality in those patients. This was a retrospective cohort study of 429 consecutive lymphoma patients who were admitted or regularly visited our hospital from January 2013 to October 2016. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria ≥ 1+ that was sustained for at least 3 months. The prevalence of CKD at enrollment was evaluated according to the modified CKD classification by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) (eGFR and proteinuria category). Dipstick proteinuria was classified into 3 grades: A1 for − and ±; A2 for 1+ or 2+; and A3 for ≥3+. The eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) was classified into 6 stages: G1 for ≥90, G2 for 60 to 89, G3a for 45 to 59, G3b for 30 to 44, G4 for 15 to 29, and G5 for <15. The cumulative mortality rate was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, with stratification into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of CKD. Furthermore, a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) for all-cause mortality, after adjustments for age, sex, pathologic type, clinical stage of lymphoma, presence or absence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The mean follow-up period was 3.06 ± 0.96 years, and the prevalence of CKD at study enrollment was 34.5%. The cumulative mortality rate was 20.7%, and was significantly higher in the CKD group than in the group without CKD (36.4% vs 18.0%, P = .02). Multivariate analysis found mortality to be significantly associated with CKD (HR 1.58; 95% CI, 1.01–2.46), and this association was the most robust with very high-risk CKD (HR 6.94; 95% CI, 2.50–17.33). The prevalence of CKD in lymphoma patients was high. CKD should be considered an independent risk factor for mortality among patients with lymphoma.
Facility distance and child mortality: a multi-country study of health facility access, service utilization, and child health outcomes.

Background Access to health facilities remains limited in many resource-poor settings, and women and their children often have to travel far to seek care. However, data on distance are scarce, and it is unclear whether distance is associated with worse child health outcomes. We estimate the relationships between distance to facility, service utilization and child mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Methods Population-representative data are pooled from 29 demographic and health surveys across 21 low- and middle-income countries. Multivariable logistic models and meta-analysis regressions are used to estimate associations between facility distance, child mortality, and health care utilization in the pooled sample as well as for each survey. Results Compared with children who live within 1 km of a facility, children living within 2 km, 3 km, and 5 km of a facility have a 7.7% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.927 - 1.251], 16.3% (95% CI: 1.020 - 1.327) and 25% (95% CI: 1.087 - 1.439) higher odds of neonatal mortality, respectively; children living farther than 10 km have a 26.6% (95% CI: 1.108 - 1.445) higher odds of neonatal mortality. Women living farther than 10 km from a facility have a 55.3% lower odds of in-facility delivery compared with women who live within 1 km [odds ratio (OR): 0.447; 95% CI: 0.394 - 0.508]. Conclusions Even relatively small distances from health facilities are associated with substantial mortality penalties for children. Policies that reduce travel distances and travel times are likely to increase utilization of health services and reduce neonatal mortality.
Translation of "Zur Ermittlung eines Objektes aus zwei Perspektiven mit innerer Orientierung" by Erwin Kruppa (1913)

Erwin Kruppa's 1913 paper, Erwin Kruppa, "Zur Ermittlung eines Objektes aus zwei Perspektiven mit innerer Orientierung", Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vol. 122 (1913), pp. 1939-1948, which may be translated as "To determine a 3D object from two perspective views with known inner orientation", is a landmark paper in Computer Vision because it provides the first five-point algorithm for relative pose estimation. Kruppa showed that (a finite number of solutions for) the relative pose between two calibrated images of a rigid object can be computed from five point matches between the images. Kruppa's work also gained attention in the topic of camera self-calibration, as presented in (Maybank and Faugeras, 1992). Since the paper is still relevant today (more than a hundred citations within the last ten years) and the paper is not available online, we ordered a copy from the German National Library in Frankfurt and provide an English translation along with the German original. We also adapt the terminology to a modern jargon and provide some clarifications (highlighted in sans-serif font). For a historical review of geometric computer vision, the reader is referred to the recent survey paper (Sturm, 2011).
Coupling Materialized View Selection to Multi Query Optimization: Hyper Graph Approach

Materialized views are queries whose results are stored and maintained in order to facilitate access to data in their underlying base tables of extremely large databases. Selecting the best materialized views for a given query workload is a hard problem. Studies on view selection have considered sharing common sub expressions and other multi-query optimization techniques. Multi-Query Optimization is a well-studied domain in traditional and advanced databases. It aims at optimizing a workload of queries by finding and reusing common sub-expression between queries. Finding the best shared expression is known as a NP-hard problem. The shared expressions usually identified by graph structure have been used to be candidate for materialized views. This shows the strong interdependency between the problems of materialized view selection (PVS) and multi query optimization (PMQO), since the PVS uses the graph structure of the PMQO. Exploring the existing works on PVS considering the interaction between PVS and PMQO figures two main categories of studies: (i) those considering the PMQO as a black box where the output is the graph and (ii) those preparing the graph to guide the materialized view selection process. In this category, the graph generation is based on individual query plans, an approach that does not scale, especially with the explosion of Big Data applications requiring large number of complex queries with high interaction. To ensure a scalable solution, this work proposes a new technique to generate a global processing plan without using individual plans by borrowing techniques used in the electronic design automation (EDA) domain. This paper first presents a rich state of art regarding the PVS and a classification of the most important existing work. Secondly, an analogy between the MQO problem and the EDA domain, in which large circuits are manipulated, is established. Thirdly, it proposes to model the problem with hypergraphs which are massively used to design and test integrated circuits. Fourthly, it proposes a deterministic algorithm to select materialized views using the global processing plan. Finally, experiments are conducted to show the scalability of our approach.