Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rooting out the rumor culprit from suspects

Suppose that a rumor originating from a single source among a set of suspects spreads in a network, how to root out this rumor source? With the a priori knowledge of suspect nodes and a snapshot observation of infected nodes, we construct a maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator to identify the rumor source using the susceptible-infected (SI) model. We propose to use a notion of local rumor center to characterize P<sub>c</sub>(n), the correct detection probability of the source estimator upon observing n infected nodes, in both the finite and asymptotic regimes, for regular trees of node degree δ. First, when all nodes are suspects, lim<sub>n→∞</sub>P<sub>c</sub>(n) grows from 0.25 to 0.307 as δ increases from three to infinity, a result first established in Shah and Zaman (2011, 2012) via a different approach; furthermore, P<sub>c</sub>(n) monotonically decreases with n and increases with δ even in the finite-n regime. Second, when the suspect nodes form a connected subgraph of the network, lim<sub>n→∞</sub>P<sub>c</sub>(n) significantly exceeds the a priori probability if δ ≥ 3, and reliable detection is achieved as δ becomes sufficiently large; furthermore, P<sub>c</sub>(n) monotonically decreases with n and increases with δ. Third, when there are only two suspect nodes, lim<sub>n→∞</sub>P<sub>c</sub>(n) is at least 0.75 if δ ≥ 3; and P<sub>c</sub>(n) increases with the distance between the two suspects. Fourth, when there are multiple suspect nodes, among all possible connection patterns, that all the suspects form a single connected subgraph yields the smallest P<sub>c</sub>(n). Our analysis leverages ideas from the Pólya's urn model in probability theory and sheds insight into the behavior of the rumor spreading process not only in the asymptotic regime but also for the general finite-n regime.
Worst-Case User Analysis in Poisson Voronoi Cells

In this letter, we focus on the performance of a worst-case mobile user (MU) in the downlink cellular network. We derive the coverage probability and the spectral efficiency of the worst-case MU using stochastic geometry. Through analytical and numerical results, we draw out interesting insights that the coverage probability and the spectral efficiency of the worst-case MU decrease down to 23% and 19% of those of a typical MU, respectively. By applying a coordinated scheduling (CS) scheme, we also investigate how much the performance of the worst-case MU is improved.
Protein kinase C agonist and antagonist effects in normal human epidermal keratinocytes

Abstract Several lines of evidence implicate protein kinase C (PKC) in the development of basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, tumors which originate from epidermal keratinocytes. To examine PKC in a model relevant to human skin, we exposed normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) in serum‐free media to a variety of PKC agonists and antagonists. NHEK PKC activity increased up to 10‐fold within the 1st hour of exposure to tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA), and gradually returned to control values within 72 h. TPA‐induced PKC activity was enhanced by pretreatment of cultures with protein and RNA synthesis inhibitors. TPA‐induced growth arrest and differentiation was antagonized by staurosporine. Down‐regulation by bryostatin pretreatment blocked TPA‐stimulated differentiation. Our overall conclusion is that activation of PKC in cultured human keratinocytes is required for differentiation. These results are crucial to the analysis of compounds suspected of promoting or inhibiting epidermal tumors.
Nanoclay migration from food packaging materials

ABSTRACT A recent trend is to use nanocomposites materials for food-packaging applications. Different kinds of nanoparticles are incorporated into the polymers to improve their characteristics, and, among them, nanoclay is used to improve their barrier properties to gases. In this work, the results of migration studies with different food simulants (ethanol 10% and acetic acid 3%), temperatures and times (40ºC for 10 days and 70ºC for 2 h) from two commercialised LDPE nanocomposite bags are presented. The migration solutions thus obtained were analysed by ICP-MS to evaluate the amount of aluminium which migrated into the solutions both in dissolved form and as a part of nanoparticles. Aluminium migration was observed for both samples with a maximum migration value of 51.65 ng cm–2 for the Aisaika bags and 24.14 ng cm–2 for the Debbie Meyer bags. The presence of spikes working in single-particle mode using ICP-MS indicated that part of this aluminium was present as nanoparticles. The size and morphology of the nanoclay, in both the original material and the migration solutions, was studied by scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (SEM-EDX). In this manner, nanoparticles of different morphologies and sizes were found to migrate into the food simulants.
Oxidative stress detection : what for ? Part

being the latter an aspecific marker, bystander of inflammation or other degenerative or proliferative diseases, enclosed the cancer and the former a sensitive monitor of a dangerous unsteady background of pathogenetic processes and illnesses: ESR reflects in fact plasma proteins and fibrinogen increased turnover and concentration , ROS an imbalance of oxidative stressors often not adequately controlled by physiological antioxidant activity. In this short review we'll summarize the up to date of the studies exploring the physiopathology of free radicals and the role of diagnostic strategies targeted to proper therapy. A free radical can be defined as a chemical species possessing an unpaired electron. It can also be considered as a fragment of a molecule.
2015 Ieee International Conference on Big Data (big Data) Mobile Gesture-based Iphone User Authentication

—Efforts have been made to introduce an extra layer of security on mobile devices, including a good amount of research initiated in the behavioral biometrics domain. However, all prior research approaches for mobile gesture-based authentication has been carried out uni-directionally. Despite of the fact that there are many devices with their own configurations, the study of mobile authentication based on behavioral biometrics has been done only with the Android operating system and devices. In this paper, a novel approach to identifying the owner of a mobile device based on Behavioral Biometrics Mobile Gestures Recognition is presented. This research takes the first step towards implementing behavioral biometrics identification for iOS based iPhone devices. In this research work, it is shown that a user can be identified as the true owner or an imposter of such a device based on the interactive behavior and gestures of the user. In this way continuous identification or authentication of an owner can be done based on the interaction of the user and the device. It is shown that a continuous authentication mechanism can be established using a self-learning model based on machine learning classification approaches such as Random Forests, Gradient Boosting Machine, Deep Learning, and Naive Bayes. The results in this paper show that, with behavioral biometrics, automated user authentication mechanism, EER (Equal Error Rate) can be improved to around 27%, clearly demonstrating that the chances of authenticating the user are good.
Improvements in muscle symmetry in children with cerebral palsy after equine-assisted therapy (hippotherapy).

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of hippotherapy (physical therapy utilizing the movement of a horse) on muscle activity in children with spastic cerebral palsy. DESIGN Pretest/post-test control group. SETTING/LOCATION Therapeutic Riding of Tucson (TROT), Tucson, AZ. SUBJECTS Fifteen (15) children ranging from 4 to 12 years of age diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy. INTERVENTIONS Children meeting inclusion criteria were randomized to either 8 minutes of hippotherapy or 8 minutes astride a stationary barrel. OUTCOME MEASURES Remote surface electromyography (EMG) was used to measure muscle activity of the trunk and upper legs during sitting, standing, and walking tasks before and after each intervention. RESULTS After hippotherapy, significant improvement in symmetry of muscle activity was noted in those muscle groups displaying the highest asymmetry prior to hippotherapy. No significant change was noted after sitting astride a barrel. CONCLUSIONS Eight minutes of hippotherapy, but not stationary sitting astride a barrel, resulted in improved symmetry in muscle activity in children with spastic cerebral palsy. These results suggest that the movement of the horse rather than passive stretching accounts for the measured improvements.
Expression, purification, and ligand-binding analysis of recombinant keratinocyte lipid-binding protein (MAL-1), an intracellular lipid-binding protein found overexpressed in neoplastic skin cells

The keratinocyte lipid-binding protein (KLBP) has been identified on the basis of nucleotide sequence analysis of its cloned cDNA as a new member of the intracellular lipid-binding protein (iLBP) multigene family. To characterize KLBP and determine its ligand-binding properties, its cDNA was subcloned into Escherichia coli, and the protein was overexpressed and purified to homogeneity by a combination of acid extraction, gel permeation, and ion-exchange chromatographies. Purified KLBP exhibited high-affinity binding of the fluorescent hydrophobic probe 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate (1,8-ANS), displaying an apparent dissociation constant of 390 ± 90 nM (n = 0.74 ± 0.2). Using an assay based upon displacement of the bound fluorophore, KLBP was found to bind long chain fatty acids most avidly; oleic acid (18:1) bound with an apparent Kd of 248 ± 12 nM, and arachidonic acid (20:4) exhibited a dissociation constant of 318 ± 14 nM. As the length of the fatty acid decreased, the binding affinity was reduced; .
Model-based visual self-localization using geometry and graphs

In this paper, a geometric approach for global self-localization based on a world-model and active stereo vision is introduced. The method uses class specific object recognition algorithms to obtain the location of entities within the surroundings. The perceived entities in recognition trials are simultaneously filtered and fused to provide a robust set of class features. These classified perceptions which simultaneously satisfy geometric and topological constraints are employed for pruning purposes upon the world-model generating the location hypotheses set. Finally, the hypotheses are validated and disambiguated by applying visual recognition algorithms to selected entities of the world-model. The proposed approach has been successfully used with a humanoid robot.
Improving Big Data visual analytics with interactive virtual reality

For decades, the growth and volume of digital data collection has made it challenging to digest large volumes of information and extract underlying structure. Coined `Big Data', massive amounts of information has quite often been gathered inconsistently (e.g from many sources, of various forms, at different rates, etc.). These factors impede the practices of not only processing data, but also analyzing and displaying it in an efficient manner to the user. Many efforts have been completed in the data mining and visual analytics community to create effective ways to further improve analysis and achieve the knowledge desired for better understanding. Our approach for improved big data visual analytics is two-fold, focusing on both visualization and interaction. Given geo-tagged information, we are exploring the benefits of visualizing datasets in the original geospatial domain by utilizing a virtual reality platform. After running proven analytics on the data, we intend to represent the information in a more realistic 3D setting, where analysts can achieve an enhanced situational awareness and rely on familiar perceptions to draw in-depth conclusions on the dataset. In addition, developing a human-computer interface that responds to natural user actions and inputs creates a more intuitive environment. Tasks can be performed to manipulate the dataset and allow users to dive deeper upon request, adhering to desired demands and intentions. Due to the volume and popularity of social media, we developed a 3D tool visualizing Twitter on MIT's campus for analysis. Utilizing emerging technologies of today to create a fully immersive tool that promotes visualization and interaction can help ease the process of understanding and representing big data.
What is the Amplituhedron

Scattering amplitudes are the bread and butter of quantum field theory. notion that space and time are fundamental components of reality. ” In this short article, we will not get as far as challenging the notions of space and time, but we will give some explanation as to the nature and significance of the amplituhedron both in physics and mathematics—where it arises as a natural generalization of the subject of total positivity for Grassmannians. Let us begin with the origin of these ideas in the physics of scattering amplitudes. For any particular quantumfield theory, the probability for some number of particles to ‘scatter’ and produce some number of others is encoded by a function called the (scattering) amplitude for that process. These functions depend on all the observable numbers labeling the states involved in the process—in particular, momenta and helicity. Amplitudes can (often) be determined perturbatively according to the Feynman ‘loop’ expansion. At leading order, they are rational
Cofiring coal and biomass at Aurora Power Plant in Fairbanks, Alaska

Biomass energy has been a topic of great interest over the previous few years in Alaska; especially when various fuel sources were priced at a record high. Interior Alaska has the potential to utilize woody biomass to offset the use of coal in many of its power generating facilities. In this study, woody biomass in the form of clean aspen (Populus tremuloides) chips was cofired with Usibelli coal at the Aurora Power Plant facility in downtown Fairbanks, Alaska. Biomass was successfully cofired at low average rates of 2.4% and 4.81% of total energy value. Combustion gasses were analyzed using measuring probes in the exhaust stack. The 2.4% biomass test saw, on average, an increase in CO and CO2 by 95ppm and 2%, respectively. A decrease in NOx of 1ppm was observed. During the 4.81% biomass test, CO increased by 83ppm, NOx decreased by 18ppm, and CO decreased by 1%. Opacity increased by 0.1% during the 2.4% biomass test and 0.17% during the 4.81% biomass test. The challenges facing a small scale facility in Interior Alaska are also presented. The testing exemplified that the use of biomass in stoker/grate boilers in Alaska is technically feasible with relative ease. No technical barriers to cofiring at low levels on an on-going basis were found at the Aurora Power Plant and this conclusion would likely hold true at similar facilities in interior Alaska.
A Single-Chip Multiprocessor

Presents the case for billion-transistor processor architectures that will consist of chip multiprocessors (CMPs): multiple (four to 16) simple, fast processors on one chip. In their proposal, each processor is tightly coupled to a small, fast, level-one cache, and all processors share a larger level-two cache. The processors may collaborate on a parallel job or run independent tasks (as in the SMT proposal). The CMP architecture lends itself to simpler design, faster validation, cleaner functional partitioning, and higher theoretical peak performance. However for this architecture to realize its performance potential, either programmers or compilers will have to make code explicitly parallel. Old ISAs will be incompatible with this architecture (although they could run slowly on one of the small processors).
Trainable post-processing method to reduce false alarms in the detection of small blotches of archive films

We have developed a new semi-automatic neural network based method to detect blotches with low false alarm rate on archive films. Blotches can be modeled as temporal intensity discontinuities, hence false detection results originate from object motion (e.g. occlusion), non-rigid objects or erroneous motion estimation. In practice, usually, after the automatic detection step the false alarms are removed manually by an operator, significantly decreasing the efficiency of the restoration process. Our post-processing method classifies each detected blotch by its image features to minimize false results and the necessity of human intervention. The proposed method is tested on real archive sequences.
Roles of N‐Myc and STAT interactor in cancer: From initiation to dissemination

N‐myc & STAT Interactor, NMI, is a protein that has mostly been studied for its physical interactions with transcription factors that play critical roles in tumor growth, progression and metastasis. NMI is an inducible protein, thus its intracellular levels and location can vary dramatically, influencing a diverse array of cellular functions in a context‐dependent manner. The physical interactions of NMI with its binding partners have been linked to many aspects of tumor biology including DNA damage response, cell death, epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and stemness. Thus, discovering more details about the function(s) of NMI could reveal key insights into how transcription factors like c‐Myc, STATs and BRCA1 are contextually regulated. Although a normal, physiological function of NMI has not yet been discovered, it has potential roles in pathologies ranging from viral infection to cancer. This review provides a timely perspective of the unfolding roles of NMI with specific focus on cancer progression and metastasis.
Extracting collective expectations about the future from large text collections

News articles often contain information about the future. Given the huge volume of information available nowadays, an automatic way for extracting and summarizing future-related information is desirable. Such information will allow people to obtain a collective image of the future, to recognize possible future scenarios and be prepared for the future events. We propose a model-based clustering algorithm for detecting future events based on information extracted from a text corpus. The algorithm takes into account both textual and temporal similarity of sentences. We demonstrate that our algorithm can be used to discover future events and estimate their probabilities over time.
Amoebic PI3K and PKC Is Required for Jurkat T Cell Death Induced by Entamoeba histolytica

The enteric protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of human amebiasis. During infection, adherence of E. histolytica through Gal/GalNAc lectin on the surface of the amoeba can induce caspase-3-dependent or -independent host cell death. Phosphorylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase C (PKC) in E. histolytica play an important function in the adhesion, killing, or phagocytosis of target cells. In this study, we examined the role of amoebic PI3K and PKC in amoeba-induced apoptotic cell death in Jurkat T cells. When Jurkat T cells were incubated with E. histolytica trophozoites, phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization and DNA fragmentation in Jurkat cells were markedly increased compared to those of cells incubated with medium alone. However, when amoebae were pretreated with a PI3K inhibitor, wortmannin before being incubated with E. histolytica, E. histolytica-induced PS externalization and DNA fragmentation in Jurkat cells were significantly reduced compared to results for amoebae pretreated with DMSO. In addition, pretreatment of amoebae with a PKC inhibitor, staurosporine strongly inhibited Jurkat T cell death. However, E. histolytica-induced cleavage of caspase-3, -6, and -7 were not inhibited by pretreatment of amoebae with wortmannin or staurosporin. In addition, we found that amoebic PI3K and PKC have an important role on amoeba adhesion to host compartment. These results suggest that amebic PI3K and PKC activation may play an important role in caspase-independent cell death in Entamoeba-induced apoptosis.
Denial of service attack in wireless data network: A survey

Wireless networks is one of the dominant technology trends in this digital era. Due to the broadcast nature of wireless network, wireless air interface is open and accessible to all types of users, which turned to be a numerous unique challenges on their security to researchers. While the set of challenges in wireless networks are diverse, we focus on Denial of service attack in Wireless Network in this paper. Denial of Service (DoS) attack targets to degrade the efficient use of network resources and disrupts the essential services in the network. DoS attack could be considered as one of the major threats against Wireless Network security. First, we propose effects of DoS attack on Wireless Network. Further, various DoS attacks on different layers of TCP are proposed.
Hepatocellular carcinoma at the University of Puerto Rico Liver Transplant Clinic.

UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in our liver transplant clinic, and describe the risk factors, predictors and treatment outcomes of primary liver cancer. METHODS 459 of 469 records of patients attending the UPR Liver Transplant Clinic from September 1999 to January 2005 were reviewed. Frequency distributions were computed to describe the study group. RESULTS 35 patients (7%) were included. 33 patients were diagnosed during the pre-transplant evaluation and 2 were diagnosed in the explant. Mean age at diagnosis in males was 54.5 years and 61.3 years in females. The main cause of liver disease was hepatitis C plus ethanolism in 42.9% (15 cases). The frequency of HCC in patients with a BMI > or = 25 Kg/m2 was more than twice that of patients with a BMI < 25 Kg/m2. Predominant presenting symptoms were ascites (40%), abdominal pain and jaundice (25%). Normal alpha-fetoprotein was found in 25%. 76% had a MELD score < 20. Treatment modalities included trans-arterial embolization (TAE/TACE) (49%), conservative treatment (34%), liver transplant (OLT, 23%), partial resection (9%) and systemic chemotherapy (3%). Eight patients underwent OLT and one developed primary graft failure, needing a second transplant. Two had T1N0M0 score, with a 100% survival at 2 yrs, and 6 patients had a T2N0M0 score, 5 of which underwent TAE before OLT, with an overall survival of 67%. Partial resection had an overall survival of 66%. CONCLUSIONS The population of our clinic is similar in gender and age distribution, etiology of chronic liver disease, and clinical presentation of HCC to other studies previously described. The treatment outcomes and mortality rates compare with those observed in the literature.
Hardware/Software Co-design Applied to Reed-Solomon Decoding for the DMB Standard

This paper addresses the implementation of Reed-Solomon decoding for battery-powered wireless devices. The scope of this paper is constrained by the digital media broadcasting (DMB). The most critical element of the Reed-Solomon algorithm is implemented on two different reconfigurable hardware architectures: an FPGA and a coarse-grained architecture: the Montium, The remaining parts are executed on an ARM processor. The results of this research show that a co-design of the ARM together with an FPGA or a Montium leads to a substantial decrease in energy consumption. The energy consumption of syndrome calculation of the Reed-Solomon decoding algorithm is estimated for an FPGA and a Montium by means of simulations. The Montium proves to be more efficient
Towards an algorithmic construction of cut-elimination procedures†

We investigate cut elimination in propositional substructural logics. The problem is to decide whether a given calculus admits (reductive) cut elimination. We show that for commutative single-conclusion sequent calculi containing generalised knotted structural rules and arbitrary logical rules the problem can be decided by resolution-based methods. A general cut-elimination proof for these calculi is also provided.