Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Hemp Seed Oil Quality Pressed from Fresh and Stored Seeds of Henola Cultivar Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Cold-pressed hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) seed oil has become very popular amongst consumers and researchers, due to its manifold application in food and medicine industry. In this study, oils pressed from stored and fresh hemp seeds of the Henola cultivar were analyzed. Determination of the acid value (AV) and color of oil (a* parameter) revealed significant differences between the two groups of oils (fresh and stored seeds) in contrast to the peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine value (p-AV), and fatty acid composition. On the other hand, isothermal and non-isothermal assessments of the thermo-oxidative stability by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed no significant differences in oxidation induction time (OIT) as well as in onset temperature (Ton) between two groups of oils (p > 0.05). The DSC isothermal test (OIT 160) showed significant correlations with mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as with values of AV and a* (p ≤ 0.05), in contrast to the non-isothermal test, for which correlations were not significant (p > 0.05). However, the best distinction of both groups of oils was obtained analyzing all results together (DSC, fatty acid and tocochromanols composition, color, and oxidative stability results) by principal component analysis (PCA).
Clinical practice guidelines and real-life practice on hepatocellular carcinoma: the Hong Kong perspective

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major public health burden in Hong Kong, and chronic hepatitis B is the most common HCC etiology in our region. With the high case load, extensive local expertise on HCC has been accumulated. This article summarized local guidelines and real-life practice on HCC management in Hong Kong. For HCC surveillance, liver ultrasound and serum alpha-fetoprotein for periodic screening is recommended in viral hepatitis or cirrhotic patients, and this is adhered to in clinical practice. HCC diagnosis is not covered in local guidelines, yet our practice is in-line with regional guidelines, where diagnosis is usually achieved by cross-sectional imaging and without the need for histology. Our guidelines recommend using the Hong Kong Liver Cancer Staging for pre-treatment staging, yet we routinely use other widely-adopted systems such as the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging and the Tumor-Node-Metastasis Staging as well. Our local guidelines have provided clear treatment algorithms for the whole range of HCC therapies, including resection, ablation, transplant, transarterial chemoembolization, transarterial radioembolization, stereotactic body radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Real-life treatment choices are largely in line with the guidelines, although treatment protocols are individualized, and availability of specific therapies can vary between centers. Overall, HCC guidelines in Hong Kong are tailored based on local expertise and our unique patient population. The guidelines are up-to-date and provide practical pathways to assist our routine practice. Regular updates of local guidelines are warranted to account for the rapidly evolving paradigm of HCC management.
Study of Absorption Spectra of Excitons in Cu2O by Wavelength Modulation Technique

The wavelength derivative absorption spectra of Cu 2 O have been measured in the energy regions of the yellow and green exciton series over a wide temperature range. Three phonon assisted indirect transition edges are newly found at 4.2 K, and the structures associated with direct transitions to the 1s state and the higher exciton states are observable up to room temperature. By analysing the impurity associated transition and using the Rydberg constants for both the yellow and the green exciton series, we determine the effective mass of the electron in the conduction band and those of the holes in the valence bands to be m e * ≃0.99 m 0 , m l h * ≃0.64 m 0 (light hole) and m h h * ≃1.40 m 0 (heavy hole).
Chromatic Scheduling and the Chromatic Number Problem

The chromatic scheduling problem may be defined as any problem in which the solution is a partition of a set of objects. Since the partitions may not be distinct, redundant solutions can be generated when partial enumeration techniques are applied to chromatic scheduling problems. The necessary theory is developed to prevent redundant solutions in the application of partial enumeration techniques to chromatic scheduling problems with indistinguishable partitions and distinct objects. The chromatic number problem, which is the problem of finding the chromatic number of any graph, is a particular case of the chromatic scheduling problem. Two algorithms, basic and look-ahead, are developed for the chromatic number problem. Computational experience is given for each algorithm.
Compression-Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Automated External Defibrillator Course for Primary School Students: A Malaysian Pilot Study

The Malaysian national school curriculum currently lacks resources and tools to enforce CPR education. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator course among primary school students to increase their knowledge and technical skills and improve their attitudes. A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pre–post non-equivalent design involving 38 students aged 10–12. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) knowledge, technical skills, and attitude towards CPR were assessed in a post test with three-month follow-up. Results of the MANOVA analysis showed significant differences in the level of knowledge (F = 10.29, p < 0.001) and attitude (F = 13.87, p < 0.001) based on the students’ age group at the time of the post test. The proportion of students who passed the technical skills component differed significantly by age (χ2 = 12.12; p = 0.002) and BMI (χ2 = 6.34; p = 0.041). No significant decay was reported in the total mean scores for knowledge, technical skills, and attitude (F = 0.727, p = 0.54) at 3-month follow-up. The course helped students perform CPR and utilize AED effectively while promoting a positive attitude with up to 3 months of retention, demonstrating the feasibility of extending the course within the Malaysian primary school curriculum.
Japan university EFL students’ experience, attitudes, and perceived effectiveness of watching gameplay for language-learning purposes

Digital game-based language learning (DGBLL) is a field that promotes language learning by combining game entertainment and mechanics inducive to learning. Researchers have proposed evidence of various language-learning benefits, yet downsides persist, such as negative stigmas, a lack of participation of non-gam-ers, and potential adverse consequences from splitting one’s attention between controlling the gameplay and learning language. Recently, watching gameplay popularity has seen exponential growth, yet the potential for language-learning applications has not been considered. Soliciting stakeholders’ experience, attitudes, and perceived effectiveness is a critical determiner of user adoption for new technologies and predicting implementation success. This study first addresses the merit of watching gameplay as a pedagogical method through an overview of the available literature, concentrating on areas of insufficiency and opportunity. It then investigates students’ experience and perceptions to consider feasibility from a practical standpoint through a survey of 139 university students in Japan. The main findings include a higher proportion of watchers than players, including a higher percentage of females, and positive responses regarding ease of use, learning opportunities, and preference, especially for learners who play or watch games. But learners also expressed a need for scaffolding support while voicing limitations in the perceived quality and practicality of the learned language.
Hybrid Data-Driven Optimization Design of a Layered Six-Dimensional FBG Force/Moment Sensor With Gravity Self-Compensation for Orthopedic Surgery Robot

In this article, we develop a layered six-dimensional (6-D) FBG force sensor to detect the interaction force between drill and tissue in robot-assisted bone drilling. Eight unique C-shaped beams are arranged in layers within the structure to constitute a force-sensitive 3-D-printed flexure body and eight FBGs have been tensely suspended on the concave side of beams, leading to low chirping risk and low cost of the designed sensor. A mathematical sensing model of the designed sensor has been derived by response surface methodology with the hybrid data obtained from experiments and the finite-element method. Multiobjective optimization model of the sensor with consideration of machining deviation has been built, and its measurement isotropy for force and moment has increased by 31.4% and 30.7%, respectively, as well as the enhancement of the capabilities of the interdimensional decoupling and toleration for machining deviation. The experimental results demonstrate a low coupling error and a high resonant frequency of more than 232 Hz. The relative error of the sensor is less than 8.27%. A robot-assisted bone drilling experiment has been implemented to further confirm the feasibility and reliability of the sensor. By innovatively integrating a gravity self-compensation method, the sensor's detected force agrees with the reference result with a less error of 7.4%.
Nanostructured enhanced chemical sensing surfaces for mid-IR molecular absorption

Enhanced transmissions at infra-red wavelengths are measured through hole arrays made in gold-covered silicon nitride free-standing membranes. The membranes are made by a standard photolithography batch process. They are cheap to fabricate, reproducible and robust. The optical transmission of the membranes are investigated with varying hole size (down to 1μm), period, and thickness. The membranes show enhanced optical transmission. The spectra show good agreement with a very simple mode matching model which can be used for design. Calculations are also shown giving absorption enhancements of 5.7 normalized to the same material on a silicon membrane. Finite difference time domain calculations are also presented to show the spatial distribution of the enhanced field. Field enhancements of 3.3 are calculated. The field enhancements are concentrated in the hole which makes the membranes ideally suited for a microfluidic setup. Hence, this paper shows that through enhanced transmission cheap, disposable membranes in a simplified transmission can be used for measurements for molecular absorption.
The Benefits to Bone Health in Children and Pre-School Children with Additional Exercise Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: Determine if exercise interventions, beyond what is already provided to children and preschool children, improve bone health and reduce fracture incidence. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis reported using the PRISMA guidelines. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE recommendations. Data sources: Five electronic databases were searched for records: PUBMED; CINAHL; CENTRAL; SPORTDiscus; Web of Science. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: Randomised, quasi-randomised and non-randomised controlled trials (including cluster-randomised) assessing the impact of additional exercise interventions (e.g., increased physical education classes or specific jumping programs) on bone health in children (6–12 years) and pre-school children (2–5 years) without dietary intervention. Results: Thirty-one records representing 16 distinct clinical trials were included. Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and/or peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) were used to quantify bone health. Increased femoral neck bone mineral content in children with additional exercise interventions (n = 790, SMD = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.01 to 1.09) was reported, however this was not significant following sensitivity analysis. Other DXA and pQCT measures, as well as fracture incidence, did not appear to significantly differ over time between intervention and control groups. No studies reported adverse events. Studies failed to report all domains within the TIDieR checklist. All studies were at high risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB Tool 2.0. The certainty of the evidence was very low. Conclusions: The addition of exercise interventions, beyond what is provided to children, does not appear to improve DXA and pQCT measures of bone health. The effect of additional exercise interventions on bone health in pre-school children is largely unknown. Future trials should ensure adherence is clearly reported and controlled for within analysis as well as including reports of adverse events (e.g., apophysitis) that occur due to increased exercise interventions.
The effects of using cognitive discourse functions to instruct 4th-year children on report writing in a CLIL science class

The present study analyzed how a group of young Spanish-speaking English as a foreign language (EFL) learners in a content and language integrated learning (CLIL) science class responded to an instructional unit integrating attention to functional language and an inquiry-oriented approach to science. Working in cooperation with the researchers, a year 4 primary school teacher implemented a teaching sequence on levers with 48 9-10-year-olds over three weeks. The sequence, which was intended to raise the children’s awareness of the demands involved in understanding (content goals) and expressing as written reports (rhetorical goals) how levers work, scaffolded their activity from item-based writing to the production of full texts. On completing the unit, each child independently wrote a report on levers, all of which were analyzed from the perspective of cognitive discourse functions and ideational meaning. The results of these analyses are discussed in terms of their significance for CLIL writing with young learners.
Approximation of a population dynamics model by parabolic regularization

The basic linear model for describing an age structured population spreading in a limited habitat is considered with the purpose of investigating an approximation procedure based on parabolic regularization. In fact, a viscosity model is introduced by considering an appropriate approximating regularized parabolic problem and it is proved that the sequence of the approximating solutions tends to the solution to the original problem. The advantage of this approach is that it leads to the numerical solution of a parabolic problem that has more stable solutions than the hyperbolic‐parabolic original problem and avoids the restrictions (compatibility conditions) needed to treat the latter. Moreover, for the solution of the approximating problem, it is possible to take advantage of established software packages dedicated to parabolic problems. Some examples of the approach are provided using COMSOL Multiphysics. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Method for the Measurement of Short Minority Carrier Diffusion Lengths in Semiconductors

A method is presented whereby short minority carrier diffusion lengths in semiconductors may be determined by measuring the variation of surface photovoltage as a function of optical absorption coefficient. The method does not depend upon the specific form of the relationship between the surface photovoltage and the density of the excess minority carriers injected at the bulk edge of the surface space charge region. Only capacitive contacts to the sample are needed for the measurement. The method has been used to determine the minority carrier diffusion length in both n and p type gallium arsenide.
Transcriptomic and physiological analysis reveals crucial biological pathways associated with low-temperature stress in Tunisian soft-seed pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)

ABSTRACT Low temperature severely affects the growth of pomegranate in the early spring during the production process under protected cultivation. To understand the molecular responses to cold stress in Tunisian soft-seed pomegranate, this study investigated the transcriptome profiles and physiological changes of pomegranate leaves exposed to cold stress (6 °C) and freezing stress (0°C). Some potential cold response/resistance genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction, photosynthetic systems and carbon fixation in the C4 pathway, and sucrose and galactose metabolism were identified. In addition, an analysis of physiological indicators indicated that both stresses caused cell membrane damage; the accumulation of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline; and the occurrence of photoinhibition owing to the damage in photosynthetic apparatus and the decrease in light energy conversion efficiency and electron transfer rate as shown by the decrease in net photosynthetic rate [Pn], potential maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII [Fv/Fm], actual photochemical efficiency of PSII [YII] and photochemical quenching coefficient [qP], and the effect was much moresevere in pomegranate under freezing stress. This study results offer useful information to understand the molecular mechanism of pomegranate response to cold stress and also lay a foundation for the selection of major candidate genes to conduct molecular breeding for cold tolerance in pomegranate.
Notions of position in social network analysis

The notion of position is fundamental in structural theory. However, at least two profoundly different conceptions of position exist. The two basic types of position have radically different characteristics, making them appropriate for different theoretical applications. We present examples in which scholars have operationalized one type of position but drawn conclusions as if the other type had been used. We compare the two notions of position in terms of their applicability in several research areas, including power in exchange networks, role theory, world-system theory, and social homogeneity.
F-Theory and the Landscape of Intersecting D7-Branes

In this work, the moduli of D7-branes in type IIB orientifold compactifications and their stabilization by fluxes is studied from the perspective of F-theory. In F-theory, the moduli of the D7-branes and the moduli of the orientifold are unified in the moduli space of an elliptic Calabi-Yau manifold. This makes it possible to study the flux stabilization of D7-branes in an elegant manner. To answer phenomenological questions, one has to translate the deformations of the elliptic Calabi-Yau manifold of F-theory back to the positions and the shape of the D7-branes. We address this problem by constructing the homology cycles that are relevant for the deformations of the elliptic Calabi-Yau manifold. We show the viability of our approach for the case of elliptic two- and three-folds. Furthermore, we discuss consistency conditions related to the intersections between D7-branes and orientifold planes which are automatically fulfilled in F-theory. Finally, we use our results to study the flux stabilization of D7-branes on the orientifold $K3\times T^2/\Z_2$ using F-theory on $K3\times K3$. In this context, we derive conditions on the fluxes to stabilize a given configuration of D7-branes. This thesis furthermore contains an introduction to F-theory and a brief review of some mathematical background.
Surface-plasmon modes in nano-holes in metals

The goals of nanophotonics are to confine light to the nanoscale and to increase the local field intensity. Subwavelength confinement is of interest for nanolithography, photonic integrated circuits, subwavelength imaging and nano-sensors, whereas increased local field intensity is of interest for spectroscopy and nonlinear optics. Nanostructured metals allow us to achieve both of these goals by confining and focusing light below the normal diffraction limit, with the help of surface plasmons. Consequently, the understanding of how surface plasmons behave in nanoholes is important to the field of nanophotonics. In this paper we consider two different hole shapes: the rectangle and the double hole. We show that decreasing the short edge in a rectangular hole increases the wavelength of light that can propagate in the hole. We show that for a 15 nm hole in a real metal, the cut-off wavelength is more than doubled. Next we consider the double hole configuration, where the holes overlap to produce two apexes. We show that the local field in the nanometric vicinity of the apexes is 5 orders of magnitude larger than the field elsewhere. We calculate the optimum centre-to-centre spacing for the double-holes to maximize the cut-off wavelength and we calculate the dispersion of the light propagation near that wavelength.
Electrical and physical characterization of deuterium sinter on submicron devices

The impact of a deuterium (D2) sinter under two different annealing conditions, 450 °C/60 min and 450 °C/90 min, was studied and compared to the traditional forming gas (FG) sinter. Channel hot carrier (CHC) measurements indicated that while the D2 sinter for 60 min improves the lifetime of the devices by 10× over the FG sinter, an additional increase in the D2 anneal time actually has a negative impact on lifetime. DC current–voltage measurements also showed that samples sintered in D2 ambient for 60 min were the least prone to degradation under stress. Gated diode results showed no appreciable amount of difference in the initial interface state density among the different samples. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy indicated that neither poly nor salicide appears to be a complete barrier to D2 diffusion.
Shallow-water flow past isolated topography. Part I: Vorticity production and wake formation

Abstract The flow of a single layer of shallow water past high three-dimensional topography is studied in a nonrotating environment and in the absence of surface friction. The dimensionless parameters for this problem are the upstream Froude number, the dimensionless mountain height, and a dimensionless measure of the dissipation rate. In part I of this study, high-resolution numerical simulations are utilized to construct a regime diagram for steady left–right symmetric flow and for the domain of parameter space with subcritical upstream conditions. Three distinct regimes occur. They are characterized, respectively, by fore–aft symmetry, essentially inviscid dynamics, and entirely subcritical conditions (regime I); by transition to supercritical flow and the occurrence of a hydraulic jump over the lee slope (regime II); and by the inability of the flow to climb the mountain top resulting in flow separation (regime III). Regimes II and III are associated with a wake that entails significant potential vort.
Design and Analysis of Ultrasonic Motor for Driving Sphere Wheel

In this paper, a new omnidirectional driving system is proposed that is composed of an ultrasonic motor, a sphere wheel, and ball bearings. The sphere wheel is driven by an ultrasonic motor, which is a Λ-type motor developed in the previous research. If the piezo-ceramic plates of the ultrasonic motor vibrate at the resonant frequency, the displacement of the ellipse orbit is generated at a sharp end of Λ-type. Modal analysis and time domain analysis were performed. The proposed omnidirectional driving system was validated by analyzing its motion characteristics.
Spectral hole-burning and carrier-heating dynamics in quantum-dot amplifiers: comparison with bulk amplifiers

The ultrafast gain dynamics in an electrically pumped InAs/InGaAs/GaAs quantum-dot amplifier are measured at room temperature with femtosecond resolution, and compared with results on an InGaAsP bulk amplifier. The role of spectral hole burning and carrier heating in the recovery of the gain compression is investigated. Reduced carrier heating for both gain and refractive index dynamics of the quantum-dot device is found, which is a promising prerequisite for high-speed applications.