Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
European Conference on Information Systems ( ECIS ) Summer 10-6-2011 ARE SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS BETTER , LESS BIASED AND OF HIGHER QUALITY ?

Literature reviews are central to any academic research. Whether journal article, conference presentation or research thesis it is necessary for all of them to provide an overview of earlier research in order to contextualize one’s own findings. More fundamentally, the beginning of any research is crucially dependent on an appropriate literature review. In recent years a supposedly new form of literature review has emerged, so called, systematic reviews. The aim of this paper is to question the key premises of systematic reviews and demonstrate that the claims they are less biased and more rigorous than so called narrative reviews do not hold. This paper briefly introduces the origin of systematic reviews and explains how they are undertaken. Based on this introduction the paper shows that key premises of systematic reviews cannot be fulfilled and that they by no means guaranty the creation of 'better' literature reviews. In contrast, to systematic reviews which put importance on the literature identification and selection process, it argues that reading is central to reviewing literature. Reading enables academics to improve their understanding of the subject area and therefore to further advance their searches. Better literature reviews can only be achieved through better understanding of the subject area. Proper understanding of search techniques will then allow researchers to identify further relevant literature. Reviewing literature is therefore better described as a hermeneutic process.
A High-Throughput Forward Genetic Screen Identifies Genes Required for Virulence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326 on Arabidopsis

Successful pathogenesis requires a number of coordinated processes whose genetic bases remain to be fully characterized. We utilized a high-throughput, liquid media-based assay to screen transposon disruptants of the phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326 to identify genes required for virulence on Arabidopsis. Many genes identified through this screen were involved in processes such as type III secretion, periplasmic glucan biosynthesis, flagellar motility, and amino acid biosynthesis. A small set of genes did not fall into any of these functional groups, and their disruption resulted in context-specific effects on in planta bacterial growth.
Interleukin 2 targeted therapy in inflammatory bowel disease

A series of excellent articles published recently in Gut have evaluated the role of T regulatory (Treg) cells in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and surrogate animal models.1 2 In principle, self-tolerance in autoimmune disorders may be restored either by specific interference with effector cells and molecular pathways involved in immune activation, or selective enhancement of suppressive cells and cytokines. Based on the long-standing recognition that interleukin 2 (IL2) is a significant stimulatory cytokine involved in immune activation, interference with IL2 signalling has been considered as a potential approach to arrest autoimmunity. Stimulated lymphocytes (B and cytotoxic T cells) secrete IL2 and express the IL2 receptor α chain (CD25) within a positive feedback loop of activation. More physiological approaches to reinstitution of self-tolerance surround the activity of suppressive immune cells, in particular, Treg cells, which prevent and even reverse ongoing autoimmune reactions.3 4 5 6 One particular potent subset of naturally occurring Treg cells is characterised by CD25 expression at high levels in conjunction with transcription factor X-linked forkhead/winged helix (FoxP3). It is not only a contextual relationship between CD25 and suppressive mechanisms, but ample supply of IL2 is essential to the development and function of these Treg cells, and inhibition of IL2 production by cytotoxic cells is one of the primary mechanisms of suppression. Therefore, disruption of IL2 signalling that tilts the equilibrium against suppressive elements evolves as a deleterious mechanism in the context of autoimmunity, rather than an immunosuppressive strategy. Consistently, mice deficient in IL2 …
Flagellar Radial Spoke Protein 3 Is an a-Kinase Anchoring Protein (Akap)

Previous physiological and pharmacological experiments have demonstrated that the Chlamydomonas flagellar axoneme contains a cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) that regulates axonemal motility and dynein activity. However, the mechanism for anchoring PKA in the axoneme is unknown. Here we test the hypothesis that the axoneme contains an A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP). By performing RII blot overlays on motility mutants defective for specific axonemal structures, two axonemal AKAPs have been identified: a 240-kD AKAP associated with the central pair apparatus, and a 97-kD AKAP located in the radial spoke stalk. Based on a detailed analysis, we have shown that AKAP97 is radial spoke protein 3 (RSP3). By expressing truncated forms of RSP3, we have localized the RII-binding domain to a region between amino acids 144–180. Amino acids 161–180 are homologous with the RII-binding domains of other AKAPs and are predicted to form an amphipathic helix. Amino acid substitution of the central residues of this region (L to P or VL to AA) results in the complete loss of RII binding. RSP3 is located near the inner arm dyneins, where an anchored PKA would be in direct position to modify dynein activity and regulate flagellar motility.
Effects of hyperthermal stress on the ultrastructure of platelets with reference to the localization of platelet peroxidase and fibrinogen in vivo

Ultrastructure of platelets with the localization of platelet peroxidase and fibrinogen through 3‐min 47°C hot‐spring bathing was investigated in eight healthy volunteers. The mean sublingual temperature rose about 1.8°C 5 min after the start of bathing. The frequencies of fold, pseudopods, vacuoles, and centralization were increased after bathing. Platelet peroxidase activity was decreased after bathing. Furthermore, fibrinogen was decreased in α‐granules after bathing. Thus, hyperthermal stress in vivo may activate platelets, resulting in consumption of platelet peroxidase and fibrinogen. Am. J. Hematol. 56:244–247, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Don't Jump on Hype or You Will be Dumped! Using User-Generated Content to Support Financial Market Surveillance

In this paper, an IT artifact instantiation to support decision making in the field of financial market surveillance, is presented. This artifact utilizes a qualitative multi-attribute decision model to identify situations in which prices of single stocks are affected by fraudsters who aggressively advertise the stock. A quantitative evaluation of the implemented system prototype, based on voluminous and heterogeneous data including data from social media, is provided. The empirical results indicate that that the developed IT artifact can provide support for identifying such malicious situations. Given this evidence, it can be shown that the developed solution is able to utilize massive and heterogeneous data, especially usergenerated content from financial blogs and news platforms, to provide practical decision support in the field of market surveillance.
Unexplained bleeding as primary clinical complaint in dogs infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum.

INTRODUCTION Unexplained bleeding was the primary clinical complaint in 15 dogs diagnosed with A. vasorum and was observed in the mouth, as external bleeding, as large subcutaneous hematoma, as hemoptysis, in the brain, post ovariectomy, as epistaxis, in the anterior ocular chamber and on a tracheal intubation tube. In 8 dogs the cause of bleeding initially was suspected to be a minor trauma or a surgical complication, and various surgical approaches had been undertaken to eliminate the problem. In only 3 dogs respiratory signs were observed before the bleeding prompted referral. The median time elapsed between the first recognized clinical signs attributed to A. vasorum until diagnosis was 2 weeks (range1 day to 4 months). Four dogs died, 3 on the day of admission and 1 dog 4 days after admission. Suspected causes of death were respiratory failure and cerebral hemorrhage in 2 dogs each. Four dogs had been pre-treated with NSAIDs; of these, 2 dogs developed severe hemoptysis (1 died), 1 dog developed brain hemorrhage (and died), and 1 dog developed a large subcutaneous hematoma with marked anemia. Bleeding at various sites may be the only recognized abnormality in A. vasorum infection. Without a high index of suspicion, the diagnosis and appropriate therapy may be delayed to the point of a fatal outcome. Tests of coagulation were quite variable and the cause of bleeding likely multifactorial.
Quantifying the Hyperparameter Sensitivity of Neural Networks for Character-level Sequence-to-Sequence Tasks

Hyperparameter tuning, the process of searching for suitable hyperparameters, becomes more difficult as the computing resources required to train neural networks continue to grow. This topic continues to receive little attention and discussion—much of it hearsay—despite its obvious importance. We attempt to formalize hyperparameter sensitivity using two metrics: similarity-based sensitivity and performance-based sensitivity. We then use these metrics to quantify two such claims: (1) transformers are more sensitive to hyperparameter choices than LSTMs and (2) transformers are particularly sensitive to batch size. We conduct experiments on two different character-level sequence-to-sequence tasks and find that, indeed, the transformer is slightly more sensitive to hyperparameters according to both of our metrics. However, we do not find that it is more sensitive to batch size in particular.
Experiences with Phonebook-Centric Social Networks

Social networks are becoming more and more popular nowadays. The increasing capabilities of mobile phones enable them to participate in such networks. The phonebooks in the mobile devices represent social relationships, that can be integrated in the social networks. Following we refer to this solution as phonebook-centric social networks. Such networks provide a synchronization mechanism between phonebooks of the users and the social network which allows detecting network members listed in the phonebooks (semi-) automatically. The detection of those members is based on the similarity of the personal data, e.g., similar name, same phone number, address, etc. Users can mark similarities between their phonebook contacts and members in the network. After this, if one of their contacts changes her or his personal detail, it will be propagated automatically into the phonebooks, after considering privacy settings. Synchronization time and energy consumption for synchronization on the mobiles and the scalability of the system strongly depend on the number of users and similarities. We have implemented a phone book-centric social network, called Phonebookmark and investigated the structure of the network. We experienced that the distribution of similarities follows a power law, as well as the distribution of the in- and out-degrees in the social network. In this paper we propose a model for estimating the total number of similarities and we show that this estimation applies very well to the historical data of Phonebookmark.
Paralysis caused by acute myelitis in Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus strain GD VII infection is induced by CD4+ lymphocytes infiltrating the spinal cord.

Intravenous infection by Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus strain GD VII causes acute encephalomyelitis and paralysis in infected mice. However, nude mice and cyclophosphamide-treated ddY mice did not show paralysis when they were able to survive until day 20 post-infection (p.i.). Of ddY mice infected with 5 x 10(7) p.f. u. /mouse, 70-80% showed symptoms of paralysis on day 20 p.i. The viral titres in the brain and spinal cord in infected mice were not significantly different between paralytic and non-paralytic mice. In all of the mice infected with the virus, CD4+ lymphocytes and CD8+ lymphocytes had infiltrated the brain on days 10, 12, 14 and 20 p.i. as demonstrated by flow cytometric analysis. In contrast, few T lymphocytes infiltrated the spinal cord in the non-paralytic mice. Administration of an anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (MAb) or anti-T cell receptor-alpha beta MAb on day 6 p.i. inhibited paralysis until day 20 p.i. , though 20% of the MAb-treated mice and 80% of the control mice showed paralysis. Administration of anti-CD8 MAb was not effective in the suppression of paralysis. The MAb treatment did not significantly augment viral replication in the spinal cord, although the viral titres in the brain of the MAb-treated mice increased significantly. After the transfer of spleen cells from infected C3H mice, the recipient mice infected with a small amount of the virus showed paralysis, though uninfected mice did not. This transfer could be blocked by CD4+ lymphocyte depletion of the donor mice. These results indicate that paralysis caused by acute myelitis in Theiler's virus strain GD VII infection is induced by CD4+ lymphocytes infiltrating the spinal cord.
Emotion regulation in couples and families : pathways to dysfunction and health

This is an edited book that addresses critical theoretical and methodological issues in the rapidly advancing field of emotion regulation. It presents empirical findings linking emotion regulation to individual and relationship functioning across the life span, while providing implications for clinical intervention, public policy, and future research. Contributors - who are nationally and internationally recognized for their expertise in social, developmental, and clinical disciplines - offer diverse perspectives on the role of emotion regulation processes in dysfunction and health. In addition to advancing the latest empirical developments, this volume will also be a prime resource for graduate students and practitioners working with children, couples, and families for whom emotion regulation difficulties are targets of clinical intervention.
Enhancement of catalytic efficiency of enzymes through exposure to anhydrous organic solvent at 70°C. Three‐dimensional structure of a treated serine proteinase at 2.2 Å resolution

The enzyme behavior in anhydrous media has important applications in biotechnology. So far chemical modifications and protein engineering have been used to alter the catalytic power of the enzymes. For the first time, it is demonstrated that an exposure of enzyme to anhydrous organic solvents at optimized high temperature enhances its catalytic power through local changes at the binding region. Six enzymes: proteinase K, wheat germ acid phosphatase, α–amylase, β–glucosidase, chymotrypsin and trypsin have been exposed to acetonitrile at 70°C for three hours. The activities of these enzymes were found to be considerably enhanced. In order to understand the basis of this change in the activity of these enzymes, the structure of one of these treated enzymes, proteinase K has been analyzed in detail using X‐ray diffraction method. The overall structure of the enzyme is similar to the native structure in aqueous environment. The hydrogen bonding system of the catalytic triad is intact after the treatment. However, the water structure in the substrate binding site undergoes some rearrangement as some of the water molecules are either displaced or completely absent. The most striking observation concerning the water structure pertains to the complete deletion of the water molecule which occupied the position at the so‐called oxyanion hole in the active site of the native enzyme. Three acetonitrile molecules were found in the present structure. All the acetonitrile molecules are located in the recognition site. The sites occupied by acetonitrile molecules are independent of water molecules. The acetonitrile molecules are involved in extensive interactions with the protein atoms. All of them are interlinked through water molecules. The methyl group of one of the acetonitrile molecules (CCN1) interacts simultaneously with the hydrophobic side chains of Leu‐96, Ile‐107, and Leu‐133. The development of such a hydrophobic environment at the recognition site introduces a striking conformation change in Ile‐107 by rotating its side chain about CαCβ bond by 180° to bring about the δ‐methyl group within the range of attractive van der Waals interactions with the methyl group of CCN1. A similar change has earlier been observed in proteinase K when it is complexed to a substrate analog lactoferrin fragment. Proteins 2000;39:226–234. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
COLMEIAS: Uma Estratégia Didático-Pedagógica que Interliga as Aprendizagens Móvel, Colaborativa e Significativa

Vive-se na atualidade numa sociedade reconhecida como a Sociedade da Informacao, em um mundo em que as tecnologias digitais e moveis passam cada vez mais a fazer parte do cotidiano das pessoas. Diante desse novo cenario, com a finalidade de promover uma educacao mais coerente e contextualizada com essa realidade, o presente artigo procura apresentar uma breve revisao sobre o paradigma computacional atual, a aprendizagem movel e as redes sociais, apresentando a proposta de uma estrategia didatico-pedagogica, denominada como COLMEIAS (Estrategia Didatico-Pedagogica que Interliga as Aprendizagens Movel, Colaborativa e Significativa), a qual tem por finalidade facilitar a aprendizagem significativa atraves da colaboracao nas redes sociais num contexto de mobilidade.
Reintegration Challenges in U.S. Service Members and Veterans Following Combat Deployment

Although the majority of combat veterans reintegrate into civilian life without long-lasting problems, a sizable minority return from deployment with psychiatric or physical injuries that warrant medical attention. Even in the absence of diagnosable disorders, many experience functional problems that impede full reintegration into civilian life. Considerable resources have been allocated to studying, diagnosing, treating, and compensating combat-related disorders. This important work has resulted in significant improvements in healthcare for those with deployment-related difficulties. Nevertheless, many service members and veterans with reintegration difficulty may not receive needed help. Based on our review, we argue that in addition to treatment and compensation for diagnosable postdeployment problems, a comprehensive approach to reintegration is needed that includes partnership between the government, private sector, and the public.
Survey Paper on User Anonymous Authentication Scheme for Decentralized Access Control in Clouds

The idea is to propose a new decentralized access control scheme for achieving security in data stored in clouds that supports anonymous authentication. In the proposed scheme, the cloud verifies the authenticity of the series without knowing the user’s identity before storing data in cloud. Here we also have added feature of access control so that only valid users are able to decrypt the data i.e. stored in cloud. The proposed scheme also prevents replay attacks and supports alteration of data and reading data stored in the cloud. We also address user revocation. Moreover, the proposed authentication and access control scheme is decentralized and robust, unlike the existing access control schemes that are centralized. So that here communication, computation, and storage overheads are comparable to centralized approaches.
Anatomy of the Cranioencephalic Structures of the Camel (Camelus dromedarius L.) by Imaging Techniques: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

The objective of this study was to define the anatomy of the cranioencephalic structures and associated formations in camel using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MR images were acquired in sagittal, transverse and oblique dorsal planes, using spin‐echo techniques, a magnet of 1.5 T and a standard human body coil. MR images were compared with corresponding frozen cross‐sections of the head. Different anatomic structures were identified and labelled at each level. The resulting images provided excellent soft tissue contrast and anatomic detail of the brain and associated structures of the camel head. Annotated MR images from this study are intended to be a reference for clinical imaging studies of the head of the dromedary camel.
Frequency Stability of RF-MEMS Disk Resonators

This paper systematically investigates the frequency stability of a radial-contour-mode micromechanical disk resonators with high quality factor (Q-factor) and high resonance frequency. Microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based oscillator prototype consisting of the resonator and off-chip circuit is realized for frequency reference. The sustaining circuit is designed using impedance matching networks and two op-amp stages with automatic gain control circuit. The oscillator reaches a short-term frequency stability of ±1 ppm and a medium-term frequency stability of ±5 ppm over industrial temperature range (-40 °C-85 °C), which outperforms some of the best MEMS oscillators. Meanwhile, the phase noise is -95 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset and 149-MHz carrier. This paper also presents a simple and effective compensation scheme by combining built-in microoven and bias voltage tuning, which can achieve a frequency stability range of 2 ppm at temperature ranges from 20 °C to 100 °C.
Relationship Between Exhaled Carbon Monoxide and Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Asthmatic Patients

The study objectives were to analyze the changes in exhaled carbon monoxide (COex) induced by histamine provocation challenge in asthmatic patients and to evaluate the relationship between COex and airway sensitivity and reactivity. Levels of COex were measured in 105 nonsmoking mildly asthmatic subjects before and after histamine provocation challenge. Dose‐response curves were characterized by their sensitivity (PD20) and reactivity. Dose‐response slope (DRS), continuous index of responsiveness (CIR), and bronchial reactivity index (BRI) were determined as reactivity indices. Bronchial challenge was positive for 47 subjects and negative for 58. The COex levels rose significantly after bronchial challenge in the positive response group (4.49 ± 0.4 vs. 5.74 ± 0.57 ppm, p = 0.025) and in the negative response group (2.84 ± 0.25 vs 4.00 ± 0.41 ppm, p = 0.000). An inverse relation between basal COex and PD20 was found (r = − 0.318, p = 0.030). In all subjects, a proportional direct relationship between COex and DRS (r = 0.214, p = 0.015), CIR (r = 0.401, p = 0.000), and BRI (r = 0.208, p = 0.012) was observed. On stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, COex only significantly correlated with CIR (multiple r2 = 0.174, p = 0.000). In conclusion, exhaled CO determination is a noninvasive inflammatory marker of the respiratory tract, which shows an acceptable association with airway hyperresponsiveness.
WASP family members and formin proteins coordinate regulation of cell protrusions in carcinoma cells

We examined the role of the actin nucleation promoters neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) and WAVE2 in cell protrusion in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF), a key regulator in carcinoma cell invasion. We found that WAVE2 knockdown (KD) suppresses lamellipod formation and increases filopod formation, whereas N-WASP KD has no effect. However, simultaneous KD of both proteins results in the formation of large jagged protrusions with lamellar properties and increased filopod formation. This suggests that another actin nucleation activity is at work in carcinoma cells in response to EGF. A mammalian Diaphanous–related formin, mDia1, localizes at the jagged protrusions in double KD cells. Constitutively active mDia1 recapitulated the phenotype, whereas inhibition of mDia1 blocked the formation of these protrusions. Increased RhoA activity, which stimulates mDia1 nucleation, was observed in the N-WASP/WAVE2 KD cells and was shown to be required for the N-WASP/WAVE2 KD phenotype. These data show that coordinate regulation between the WASP family and mDia proteins controls the balance between lamellar and lamellipodial protrusion activity.