Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Day length and weather effects on children's physical activity and participation in play, sports and active travel

Policy context Proponents of the Daylight Saving Bill currently under consideration in the UK parliament have hypothesised that extending afternoon daylight would promote child physical activity. Objective To investigate the relative contribution of day length and weather to children's physical activity, and the behavioural mediators underlying these effects. Design Cross-sectional school-based study Setting Hertfordshire, UK Participants 325 children (170 girls) aged 8–11 wore RT3 accelerometers as an objective measure of physical activity (964 days of valid data) and simultaneously completed travel and activity diaries (995 days). Outcome Overall daily physical activity (mean accelerometer counts per minute). Exposures Our main exposure measures were day length, temperature rainfall, cloud cover and wind speed. We also examined the mediating role of time spent in out-of-home play, structured sports and active travel. Results Overall physical activity was higher on long days (≥14 h daylight), but there was no difference between short days (<9.5 h) and medium days (10.2–12.6 h). The effect of long day length was largest between 17:00 and 20:00, and persisted after adjusting for rainfall, cloud cover and wind. Around half this effect was explained by a greater duration and intensity of out-of-home play on long days; structured sports and active travel were less affected by day length. Higher rainfall was associated with lower physical activity in the morning and early afternoon, and this was not explained by participation in play, sport or active travel. Conclusion At least above a certain threshold, longer afternoon/evening daylight appears to have a causal role in increasing child physical activity. This strengthens the public health arguments in favour of daylight saving measures such as those currently under consideration in Britain.
Assembly line balancing problem using Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm

Assembly Line Balancing (ALB) is one of the important problems of production/operations management area. Due to the NP-hard nature of the ALB problem, heuristics are generally used to solve real life problems. This paper presents an approach, based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, to effectively address the assembly line balance problem with the complicating factors of parallel workstations. The method of linearly decreasing the inertia weight of the PSO (LDWPSO) is used in this paper to compare with the standard PSO. Experimental results show that the LDWPSO algorithm is superior to the standard PSO on some assembly line balancing problem.
Application of Reinforcement Learning in Robot Soccer !

DECLARATION I certify that a. the work contained in this report is original and has been done by me under the guidance of my supervisor(s). b. the work has not been submitted to any other Institute for any degree or diploma. c. I have followed the guidelines provided by the Institute in preparing the report. d. I have conformed to the norms and guidelines given in the Ethical Code of Conduct of the Institute. e. whenever I have used materials (data, theoretical analysis, figures, and text) from other sources, I have given due credit to them by citing them in the text of the report and giving their details in the references. Further, I have taken permission from the copyright owners of the sources, whenever necessary. is a record of bonafide Project work carried out by him under our supervision and guidance and is worthy of consideration for the award of the degree of Master of Technology in Electrical Engineering with Specialization in " Control Systems Engineering " of the Institute. Ǥ BLOCKINǡ
A Dictionary and Morphological Analyser for English

This paper describes the current state of a three-year project aimed at the development of software for use in handling large quantit ies of dictionary information within natural language processing systems. 1 The project was accepted for funding by SERC/Alvey commencing ill June 1984, and is being carried out by Graeme Ritchie and Alan Black at the Universi ty of Edinburgh and Steve Puhnan and Graham Russell at the Universi ty of Cambridge. It is one of three closely related projects funded under the Alvey IKBS Programme (Natural Language Tlleme); a parser is under development at Edinburgh by Henry Thompson and John Phillips, and a sentence grammar is being devised by Ted Briscoe and Clare Grover at Lancaster and Bran Boguraev and John Carroll at Cambridge. It is intended tha t the software and rules produced by all three projects wil l be directly compatible and capable of functioning in an integrated system. Realistic and useful na tura l language processing systems such as database f ront-ends require large numbers of words, together wi th associated syntactic and semantic Information, to be efficiently stored in machine-readable form. Our system is Intended to provide the necessary facilities, being designed to store a large number (at least 10,000) of words and to perform morphological analysis on them, covering both Inflectional and derlvatlonal morphology. In pursuit of these objectives, the dictionary associates wi th each word information concerning its morphosyntactlc properties. Users are free to modify the system In a number of ways; they may add to the lexical entries Lisp functions tha t perform semantic manipulatlons, and tailor the dictionary to the particular subject mat ter they are interested in (different databases, for example). I t Is also hoped that the system is general enough to be of use to linguists wishing to Investigate the morphology of English and other languages. Contents of the basle data files may be altered or replaced: 1. A 'Word Grammar ' file contains rules assigning internal s t ructure to complex words, 2. A 'Lexicon' file holds the morpheme entries which include syntactic and other Information associated wi th stems and affixes. 3. A 'Spelling Rules' file contains rules governing permissible correspondences between the form of morphemes listed in the lextcon and complex words consisting of sequences of these morphemes. Once these data flies have been prepared, they are compiled using a number of pre-processtng functions tha t operate to produce a set of output files. These constitute a fu l ly expanded and cross-Indexed dictionary which can then be accessed from within LISP. The process of morphological analysis consists of parslng a sequence of Input morphemes wi th respect to the word grammar, It Is Implemented as an active chart parser (Thompson & Rltchle (1984)), and builds a s t ructure in the form of a tree in which each node has two
Fusel Alcohols Regulate Translation Initiation by Inhibiting eIF2B to Reduce Ternary Complex in a Mechanism That May Involve Altering the Integrity and Dynamics of the eIF2B Body

This study highlights a connection between the eIF2B body and the regulation of translation initiation as a response to stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fusel alcohols are involved in signaling nitrogen scarcity to the cell and they inhibit protein synthesis by preventing the movement of the eIF2B body throughout the cell.
Bio2RDF Network Of Linked Data

Background: The Bio2RDF project (http://bio2rdf.org) work to create a network of coherent linked data across the life sciences databases. The project is open source and the following result is from the input of this community. Results: Databases have been converted and linked together with semantic web technologies. The process is to normalize any external URIs in each databases while we do the conversion from the original format to RDF. Conclusion: Each converted databases have his own SPARQL point provided by a Virtuoso Triplestore. Every documents can be retrieve using a REST interface similar for any databases. The REST URL also happen to be the URI. Other tools are also available using the REST interface.
Can Games Based Learning Assists Teachers in Achieving the Aims of Curriculum to Bilingual Students of Different Ethnic Minorities?

Computer video games have become highly interesting to educators and researchers since their sophistication has improved considerably over the last decade. Studies indicate that even simple video games are offering important educational benefits in classrooms with bilingual students from different countries. However, a need for identifying truly useful game for educational purposes exists. This article begins with an examination of lower level learning in so-called edutainment products and concludes with an example of how teachers can use computer games and video based activities as an advanced way to improve and enrich the existing curriculum. On the other hand, as a teacher, it is important to be aware of such technology and to know that these instruments can all be used in the classroom in some way. Can games based learning helps in eliminating racism problems, assisting the acceptance in small communities of the new immigrants, and can assist the gifted and talented students in their future plans? This essay identifies characteristics of highly cognitive virtual interactive environments and offers a detailed index and scoring rubric as a tool for teachers and preserves teachers to use when evaluating the tendencies a video game demonstrates toward encouraging higher order thinking in its participants. Computers have been used in the classroom for years but now it has become so advanced that it allows teachers and students to use the computers in a more efficient way. Computer games have been developed for everything and anything, including topics such as typing, reading, math, science, foreign language training, etc. Research has been done to examine whether or not these games are useful to children. It appears that children are growing up in a technological world and that these games are useful to them because it is something familiar.
Large-scale quantum computation in an anharmonic linear ion trap

We propose a large-scale quantum computer architecture by more easily stabilizing a single large linear ion chain in a very simple trap geometry. By confining ions in an anharmonic linear trap with nearly uniform spacing between ions, we show that high-fidelity quantum gates can be realized in large linear ion crystals under the Doppler temperature based on coupling to a near-continuum of transverse motional modes with simple shaped laser pulses.
Handwritten objects recognition using Regularized Logistic Regression and feedforward Neural Networks

In this paper, we present a feedforward training algorithm using Regularized Logistic Regression and Neural Networks to recognize handwritten objects. Furthermore, we intend to consider the effect of Gaussian noise in this procedure in order to examine the versatility of our approach. We might intend to transmit the image of our digits through an AWGN channel to a certain destination and then do the recognition process in our destination, so we need our algorithm to be still robust against the noises caused by AWGN channels and sensors. The main advantage of our approach is to reduce the amount of computations and, in turn, considerably decrease the processing time.
Building a topic hierarchy using the bag-of-related-words representation

A simple and intuitive way to organize a huge document collection is by a topic hierarchy. Generally two steps are carried out to build a topic hierarchy automatically: 1) hierarchical document clustering and 2) cluster labeling. For both steps, a good textual document representation is essential. The bag-of-words is the common way to represent text collections. In this representation, each document is represented by a vector where each word in the document collection represents a dimension (feature). This approach has well known problems as the high dimensionality and sparsity of data. Besides, most of the concepts are composed by more than one word, as "document engineering" or "text mining". In this paper an approach called bag-of-related-words is proposed to generate features compounded by a set of related words with a dimensionality smaller than the bag-of-words. The features are extracted from each textual document of a collection using association rules. Different ways to map the document into transactions in order to allow the extraction of association rules and interest measures to prune the number of features are analyzed. To evaluate how much the proposed approach can aid the topic hierarchy building, we carried out an objective evaluation for the clustering structure, and a subjective evaluation for topic hierarchies. All the results were compared with the bag-of-words. The obtained results demonstrated that the proposed representation is better than the bag-of-words for the topic hierarchy building.
Designing and implementing an intelligent X-10-enabled home: Studies in home intelligence

In this paper, a designing process and implementation details of an intelligent X-10-enabled home are described. Our intelligent home is suitable for both the ordinary people and for the so-called computer professionals or home intelligence enthusiasts. In addition, a comparison with other related research is provided. Moreover, intelligent solutions for future homes are proposed in order to further enhance both the usability and the user acceptance of intelligent homes.
Coproduction et durabilité : étude du système de gestion de l'eau à Cochabamba (Bolivie)

This project deals with analysis of the impact of urban networks in particular water networks. In southern countries, lack of public investments and weaknesses of local governments induce a coproduction of services based on alternative ways to manage water. Coproduction consists in both public and private actors’ involvement for the resource management. In Cochabamba, third biggest Bolivian city, the water management in the whole urban area is undertaken by a public company and local operators. The later are grouped as neighbour’s associations (groups of citizens) at the scale of neighbourhood. This study questions the sustainability of such a configuration analysing urban neighbourhoods where local operators manage the water service. The analysis was carried out through a specific sustainability indicators framework The study is divided into two parts, the first one deals with the set-up of the sustainability indicators framework based on scientific literature. The second one consists in applying this framework to eight neighbourhoods of the urban area under local operators’ management. Field investigations were undertaken to collect necessary information and further interviews were made to analyse the whole system. The project allows standardising the sustainability analysis through the elaboration of a simple tool adapted to the scale of the study. This investigation will provide a non-exhaustive list of advice concerning this alternative way of management.
On the expected busy beriod of an interdependent M/M/1:(∞;Gd) queueing model using bivariate Poisson process and controllable arrival rates

Busy period analysis plays a vital role in the study of queueing problems for forecasting the behaviour of the queueing systems. Performance analysis including determination of the average length of busy period is entirely based on the busy period distribution of the queueing model. In the queueing literature, it has been observed that most of the previous researchers [2,5,7,8 & 9] have presumed that the parameters of arrival and service rates in the system are independent to each other. However, it is not so in general because we find many queueing situations in our real life where the arrival and service rates are correlated with an elevated extent. A large number of previous noteworthy researchers [2,5,7,8& 9] and references therein confined their study to analyze a variety of queueing models taking into account that the arrival and service processes are independent. A very few number of worth mentioning researchers [11 & 13] of the current decade are found in the literature of queueing theory who have contributed their devotion to analyze an M/M/1 queueing model with consideration of interdependent arrival and service rates. In this context, Srinivasa Rao et al [13] have focused their attention to investigate the average system size and average waiting time of an M/M/1/∞ interdependent queueing model using controllable arrival rates under steady state conditions. Recently, Pal [11] considered the same queueing model with a version of its limited waiting space and he succeeded to investigate the cost per unit time of a served customer in the system. In our current study, we consider the same queueing model already analyzed by Srinivasa Rao et al [13] with a version that the arrival and service processes follow a bivariate Poisson distribution and our keen interest is to investigate the average length of busy periods in two different cases of slower and faster arrival rates. By the end of the present paper, a special stress on practical aspect of the investigated average busy period has also been given in our conclusion which reveals the application of both the realistic modeling enhancing as well as regulatory techniques.
Principles for Measurability in Protocol Design

Measurement has become fundamental to the operation of networks and at-scale services---whether for management, security, diagnostics, optimization, or simply enhancing our collective understanding of the Internet as a complex system. Further, measurements are useful across points of view---from end hosts to enterprise networks and data centers to the wide area Internet. We observe that many measurements are decoupled from the protocols and applications they are designed to illuminate. Worse, current measurement practice often involves the exploitation of side-effects and unintended features of the network; or, in other words, the artful piling of hacks atop one another. This state of affairs is a direct result of the relative paucity of diagnostic and measurement capabilities built into today's network stack. Given our modern dependence on ubiquitous measurement, we propose \emph{measurability} as an explicit low-level goal of current protocol design, and argue that measurements should be available to all network protocols throughout the stack. We seek to generalize the idea of measurement \emph{within} protocols, e.g., the way in which TCP relies on measurement to drive its end-to-end behavior. Rhetorically, we pose the question: \textit{what if the stack had been built with measurability and diagnostic support in mind? } We start from a set of principles for explicit measurability, and define primitives that, were they supported by the stack, would not only provide a solid foundation for protocol design going forward, but also reduce the cost and increase the accuracy of measuring the network.
Description of a Cranial Endocast from the Fossil Mammal Vincelestes neuquenianus (Theriiformes) and its Relevance to the Evolution of Endocranial Characters in Therians

We generated a digital cranial endocast (infilling of the braincase) of Vincelestes neuquenianus, a Cretaceous theriiform mammal from Argentina, to achieve two goals. First, we described this endocast of Vincelestes to reconstruct the brain, associated soft‐tissue structures, and internal osteological features. This report represents the first description of an endocast from a stem therian that is near crown group Theria (marsupials, placentals, and all descendants of that ancestor). Second, we examined 21 morphological characters related to the morphology of endocasts and endocranial osteology across 19 taxa (including Vincelestes) in the context of a current hypothesis about mammal phylogeny to identify potential synapomorphies for Theria. The digital endocast of Vincelestes is mostly complete, facilitating description in all views and allowing collection of accurate linear and volumetric measurements. However, it is unclear if the midbrain is exposed on the dorsal surface of the brain because of damage to this region of the endocast. Other portions of this specimen are extraordinarily well preserved, allowing identification of the accessory olfactory bulbs on the endocast, an ossified falx cerebri, and an osseous tentorium. The encephalization quotient (EQ) calculated for Vincelestes falls within the range of EQs of crown therians. Comparison of the endocranial characters across different mammalian taxa did not reveal any new synapomorphies for the clade Theria. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Resource Allocation for Distributed MIMO Multi-hop Wireless Networks

Distributed MIMO technology has gained significant attenti o n industry and academia recently, due to its ability to increase capaci ty drastically and its inherent attribute of scalability for wireless mesh networks. In thi s paper we briefly overview the concept of distributed MIMO and investigate the end-toend ergodic channel capacity of a distributed MIMO multi-hop network. By formulat ing the resource allocation problem as a concave optimization problem, we are able t o ob ain the solution of optimal power and bandwidth allocation in a very efficient wa y.
The symplectic ideal and a double centraliser theorem

We interpret a result of Oehms as a statement about the symplectic ideal. We use this result to prove a double centraliser theorem for the symplectic group acting on ⊕r=0s⊗rV , where V is the natural module for the symplectic group. This result was obtained in characteristic zero by Weyl. Furthermore, we use this to extend to arbitrary connected reductive groups G with simply connected derived group the earlier result of the author that the algebra K[G]ℊ of infinitesimal invariants in the algebra of regular functions on G is a unique factorisation domain.
A transform, lighting and setup ASIC for surface splatting

This paper presents the rst ASIC implementation of the transform, lighting and setup stages of the elliptical weighted average (EWA) surface splatting algorithm, a high quality method for anti-aliased rendering of point sampled objects in computer graphics. The algorithm has been integrated on a small core size of 8.15 mm2 in a 180 nm process using massive resource sharing. It achieves the high throughput of 2.94 million points per second at the operating frequency of 147 MHz, with a power dissipation of 300 mW.
Feature Selection for a Fast Speaker Detection System with Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms

Today, there is a great necessity for security systems in banks, laboratories, etc.; specially those that have restricted areas or expensive equipment. Most of the time people use magnetic cards or similar technologies. However, these kinds of devices can be vulnerable, because these might be used by intruders in case of a misplaced device. More advanced technologies use iris or voice detection, potentially increasing the security level against intruders. This work is focused on the latter group. This paper proposes a hybrid method, for the speech processing area, to select and extract the best features that represent a speech sample. The proposed method makes use of a genetic algorithm along with feed forward neural networks in order to either deny or accept personal access in real time. Finally, to test the proposed method, a series of experiments were conducted, by using fifteen different speakers; obtaining an efficiency rate of up to 97% on intruder detection