Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Topology of Sensor Networks in Distributed Detection

We study the topology of sensor networks. With parallel architectures, the design is trivial - sensors forward their local decisions to a global fusion center. With web architectures, sensors communicate only with 'neighbors' and evolve their local decisions to reach a 'consensus. ' In practice, it is important to reach a consensus with minimal communications and processing cost. The convergence rate of the consensus algorithm depends on 1) the weights assigned to the network links; and 2) the connectivity pattern of the network. We apply concepts from small world networks to design the topology and the weights when the local decisions are quantized and study the impact on network performance when we trade number of links for number of bits per decision
Neonatal Resuscitation

A b st ra ct There have been important advances in the science of neonatal resuscitation and various international resuscitation committees have formulated evidence-based recommendations for the performance of resuscitation at birth. The new guidelines for resuscitation at birth were developed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) and were presented at 2005 International Consensus Conference on Emergency Cardiovascular Care and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science with treatment Recommendations. The European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and American Heart Association (AHA) further tailored the guidelines to meet their speciÞ c needs. In this article we have discussed the new resuscitation guidelines for newborns issued by ILCOR, American Heart Association and European Resuscitati n Council.
Receptor-Mediated Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Entry Can Occur Independently of the Clathrin-Coated-Pit-Mediated Endocytic Pathway

ABSTRACT To investigate receptor-mediated Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMuLV) entry, the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged ecotropic receptor designated murine cationic amino acid transporter (MCAT-1) (MCAT-1-GFP) was constructed and expressed in 293 cells (293/MCAT-1-GFP). 293/MCAT-1-GFP cells displayed green fluorescence primarily at the cell membrane and supported wild-type levels of MoMuLV vector binding and transduction. Using immunofluorescence labeling and confocal microscopy, it was demonstrated that the surface envelope protein (SU) gp70 of MoMuLV virions began to appear inside cells 5 min after virus binding and was colocalized with MCAT-1-GFP. However, clathrin was not colocalized with MCAT-1-GFP, suggesting that MoMuLV entry, mediated by MCAT-1, does not involve clathrin. Double immunofluorescence labeling of SU and clathrin in 293 cells expressing untagged receptor (293/MCAT-1) gave the same results, i.e., SU and clathrin did not colocalize. In addition, we examined the transduction ability of MoMuLV vector on HeLa cells overexpressing the dominant-negative GTPase mutant of dynamin (K44A). HeLa cells overexpressing mutant dynamin have a severe block in endocytosis by the clathrin-coated-pit pathway. No significant titer difference was observed when MoMuLV vector was tranduced into HeLa cells overexpressing either wild-type or mutant dynamin, while the transduction ability of vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein pseudotyped vector into HeLa cells overexpressing mutant dynamin was decreased significantly. Taken together, these data suggest that MoMuLV entry does not occur through the clathrin-coated-pit-mediated endocytic pathway.
Cystic Tumors Mistaken for Pancreatic Pseudocysts

A small fraction of pancreatic cysts are neoplastic rather than inflammatory in origin. Failure to recognize the true nature of a neoplastic cyst will lead to an incorrect treatment strategy. This is a report of eight patients whose cystic neoplasms were mis- diagnosed and maltreated. Five of the eight tumors proved to be malignant. Five were drained by anastomosis to a viscus and one by aspiration; drainage was recommended for the other two. Treatment by drainage led to complications (persistent painful gastric ulcer, infection in the cysts), growth of new cysts, no cures, but missed opportunities to cure cancer. Three patients with no metastases at first operation had metastatic spread to the liver, omentum, or lungs at reoperation. In three of the five cases initially treated by cystenterostomy (including one cancer), subsequent resection was possible and probably curative. One cystadenocarcinoma was watched for 3 years before apparently curative resection. Guidelines based on serum and cyst amylase levels, morphologic appearance, angiography, pancreatography, and biopsy are given for the purpose of differentiating inflammatory cysts from neoplastic cysts of the pancreas. Confusion of these entities should not occur, but errors can often be corrected.
Process Deviations in Cyber-Physical Production Systems

 Abstract — Global markets lead to the development of new production techniques, to guarantee competitiveness especially in high-wage countries. In this context, the German federal government supports the research and development of production systems based on cyber-physical systems (Industrie 4.0). In cyber-physical production systems all participants of the production process possess individual information about themselves and are equipped with actors, sensors, and a communication interface. Machines, workers, resources and components can interact and autonomously develop and execute process relevant decisions. Cyber-physical production systems are characterized as highly flexible systems that enable adaptive production processes. The processes for each individual component of the same product can vary in the order of the process steps and the performing manufacturing stations. For each product, a standard process and alternative processes are defined. If a deviation in the standard process occurs during the production of an individual component, the standard process is not feasible anymore. Through the interaction of process participants, the system can autonomously define an appropriate reaction and execute it by using actors of the participants and the intralogistics. Regardless of the deviation, the production of the individual component can proceed in cyber-physical production systems. In this paper, process deviations and appropriate reactions of cyber-physical production systems are analyzed, described in models, and simulated, to illustrate the benefits of cyber- physical production systems and to develop a process deviation management system for actual, physical production systems based on cyber-physical systems.
Adipokines and Osteoarthritis: Novel Molecules Involved in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Disease

Obesity has been considered a risk factor for osteoarthritis and it is usually accepted that obesity contributes to the development and progression of osteoarthritis by increasing mechanical load of the joints. Nevertheless, recent advances in the physiology of white adipose tissue evidenced that fat cells produce a plethora of factors, called adipokines, which have a critical role in the development of ostearthritis, besides to mechanical effects. In this paper, we review the role of adipokines and highlight the cellular and molecular mechanisms at play in osteoarthritis elicited by adipokines. We also emphasize how defining the role of adipokines has broadned our understanding of the diversity of factors involved in the genesis and progression of osteoarthritis in the hope of modifying it to prevent and treat diseases.
A Time Series Based Sequence Prediction Algorithm to Detect Activities of Daily Living in Smart Home

Summary Objectives: The goal of smart homes is to create an intelligent environment adapting the inhabitants need and assisting the person who needs special care and safety in their daily life. This can be reached by collecting the ADL (activities of daily living) data and further analysis within existing computing elements. In this research, a very recent algorithm named sequence prediction via enhanced episode discovery (SPEED) is modified and in order to improve accuracy time component is included. Methods: The modified SPEED or M-SPEED is a sequence prediction algorithm, which modified the previous SPEED algorithm by using time duration of appliance’s ON-OFF states to decide the next state. M-SPEED discovered periodic episodes of inhabitant behavior, trained it with learned episodes, and made decisions based on the obtained knowledge. Results: The results showed that M-SPEED achieves 96.8% prediction accuracy, which is better than other time prediction algorithms like PUBS, ALZ with temporal rules and the previous SPEED. Conclusions: Since human behavior shows natural temporal patterns, duration times can be used to predict future events more accurately. This inhabitant activity prediction system will certainly improve the smart homes by ensuring safety and better care for elderly and handicapped people.
of Geophysical Research : Space Physics Electron Energy Spectrum and Auroral Power Estimation From Incoherent Scatter Radar Measurements

Differential energy flux of electrons precipitating into the high-latitude ionosphere can be estimated from incoherent scatter radar observations of the ionospheric electron density profile. We present a method called ELSPEC for electron spectrum estimation from incoherent scatter radar measurements, which is based on integration of the electron continuity equation and spectrum model selection by means of the Akaike information criterion. This approach allows us to use data with almost arbitrary time resolutions, enables spectrum estimation with dense energy grids, avoids noise amplifications in numerical derivatives, and yields statistical error estimates for all the output parameters, including the number and energy fluxes and upward field-aligned currents carried by the precipitating electrons. The technique is targeted for auroral energies, 1–100 keV, which ionize the atmosphere mainly between 80 and 150 km altitudes. We validate the technique by means of a simulation study, which shows that Maxwellian, kappa, and mono-energetic spectra, as well as combinations of those, can be reproduced. Comparison study for two conjugate satellite measurements to the EISCAT UHF radar are shown, for Reimei and Swarm, showing an agreement with the results. Finally, an example of a 2-hr measurement by the EISCAT radar is shown, during which we observe a variety of precipitation characteristics, from soft background precipitation to mono-energetic spectra with peak energies up to 60 keV. The upward field-aligned current varies from 0 to 10 μAm−2 and the total energy flux from 0 to 250 mWm−2.
Portably Solving File TOCTTOU Races with Hardness Amplification

The file-system API of contemporary systems makes programs vulnerable to TOCTTOU (time of check to time of use) race conditions. Existing solutions either help users to detect these problems (by pinpointing their locations in the code), or prevent the problem altogether (by modifying the kernel or its API). The latter alternative is not prevalent, and the former is just the first step: programmers must still address TOCTTOU flaws within the limits of the existing API with which several important tasks can not be accomplished in a portable straightforward manner. Recently, Dean and Hu addressed this problem and suggested a probabilistic hardness amplification approach that alleviated the matter. Alas, shortly after, Borisov et al. responded with an attack termed "filesystem maze" that defeated the new approach. We begin by noting that mazes constitute a generic way to deterministically win many TOCTTOU races (gone are the days when the probability was small). In the face of this threat, we (1) develop a new user-level defense that can withstand mazes, and (2) show that our method is undefeated even by much stronger hypothetical attacks that provide the adversary program with ideal conditions to win the race (enjoying complete and instantaneo us knowledge about the defending program's actions and being able to perfectly synchronize accordingly). The fact that our approach is immune to these unrealistic attacks suggests it can be used as a simple and portable solution to a large class of TOCTTOU vulnerabilities, without requiring modifications to the underlying operating system.
WormBase 2016: expanding to enable helminth genomic research

WormBase (www.wormbase.org) is a central repository for research data on the biology, genetics and genomics of Caenorhabditis elegans and other nematodes. The project has evolved from its original remit to collect and integrate all data for a single species, and now extends to numerous nematodes, ranging from evolutionary comparators of C. elegans to parasitic species that threaten plant, animal and human health. Research activity using C. elegans as a model system is as vibrant as ever, and we have created new tools for community curation in response to the ever-increasing volume and complexity of data. To better allow users to navigate their way through these data, we have made a number of improvements to our main website, including new tools for browsing genomic features and ontology annotations. Finally, we have developed a new portal for parasitic worm genomes. WormBase ParaSite (parasite.wormbase.org) contains all publicly available nematode and platyhelminth annotated genome sequences, and is designed specifically to support helminth genomic research.
Finite-time Lyapunov exponents and metabolic control coefficients for threshold detection of stimulus–response curves

ABSTRACT In biochemical networks transient dynamics plays a fundamental role, since the activation of signalling pathways is determined by thresholds encountered during the transition from an initial state (e.g. an initial concentration of a certain protein) to a steady-state. These thresholds can be defined in terms of the inflection points of the stimulus–response curves associated to the activation processes in the biochemical network. In the present work, we present a rigorous discussion as to the suitability of finite-time Lyapunov exponents and metabolic control coefficients for the detection of inflection points of stimulus–response curves with sigmoidal shape.
Named Entity Recognition for Digitised Historical Texts

We describe and evaluate a prototype system for recognising person and place names in digitised records of British parliamentary proceedings from the late 17th and early 19th centuries. The output of an OCR engine is the input for our system and we describe certain issues and errors in this data and discuss the methods we have used to overcome the problems. We describe our rule-based named entity recognition system for person and place names which is implemented using the LT-XML2 and LT-TTT2 text processing tools. We discuss the annotation of a development and testing corpus and provide results of an evaluation of our system on the test corpus.
Functional Analysis of Novel Polymorphisms in the Human SLCO1A2 Gene that Encodes the Transporter OATP1A2

The solute carrier organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 (OATP1A2, SLCO1A2) is implicated in the cellular influx of a number of drugs. We identified five novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in coding exons of the SLCO1A2 gene in a cohort of subjects: G550A, G553A, G673A, A775C, and G862A, that encoded the OATP1A2 variants E184K, D185N, V255I, T259P, and D288N, respectively. The function and expression of these variant transporters were assessed in HEK-293 cells. We found that the novel variants, E184K, D185N, T259P, and D288N, were associated with impaired estrone-3-sulfate, imatinib, and methotrexate transport (∼20–50% of wild-type control); function was retained by OATP1A2-V255I. From biotinylation assays, the decreased function of these variants was due, at least in part, to impaired plasma membrane expression. The four loss-of-function variants were studied further using mutagenesis to produce variants that encode residues with different charges or steric properties. From immunoblotting, the replacement of negatively charged residues at amino acid positions 184 and 185 impaired membrane expression, while either a positive or negative charge at residue 288 supported the correct membrane targeting of OATP1A2. Replacement of T259 with bulky residues disrupted transporter stability. From molecular models, E184, D185, and D288 were located near several charged residues such that intramolecular ionic interactions may stabilize the transporter structure. Individuals who carry these novel SNPs in the SLCO1A2 gene may be at risk from impaired efficacy or enhanced toxicity during treatment with drugs that are substrates for OATP1A2.
Real-time object tracking using color-based probability matching

The motivation of the proposed method is to solve typical problem for multiple object tracking like partial background change, motion blur, object's occlusion, temporal movement, merging of object(s), etc. In this paper, we have proposed a color-based probability matching for real-time object(s) tracking. The proposed method is capable to detect moving object(s) and track the same object(s) which appear in the subsequent frame. Initially, object detection is carried by using two different approaches (i.e. Background Subtraction Modeling and Optical Flow Method) and pros and cons of both methods are discussed. Then, color-based probability is calculated for an individually detected object(s) in ensuing frames.
Power efficiency analysis of envelope elimination and restoration technique in different topologies

Modern wireless communication transmit systems require power efficient and linear power amplifiers. This paper investigates different topologies of power processing systems applied to EDGE and WLAN systems, based on envelope elimination and restoration (EER). The analysis takes into account the power distribution of the signals, the the power dissipated at the source and the output power. By comparing the power processing systems, assuming the power amplifier as the load impedance, the most suitable topology is determined. The results indicate power efficiency above 50% and 32% for EDGE and WLAN systems respectively over a wide output power range.
Image Processing in Material Analyses of Artworks

In this paper we present a system for processing, description and archiving material analyses used during art restoration Nephele. The aim of the material analyses of painting layers is to identify inorganic and organic compounds using microanalytical methods, and to describe stratigraphy and morphology of layers. The results are used to interpret the applied painting technique. The Nephele system is a database system for material analysis reports, extended with image preprocessing modules and image retrieval facility. The implemented digital image processing methods are image registration, layers segmentation, and grains segmentation. In the archiving part of the Nephele, in addition to traditional database functions we have incorporated image-based retrieval methods into the developed system. They are based on feature descriptions such as the Haralick descriptors of co-occurrence matrices. The presented examples of achieved results show the applicability of
Influence du développement racinaire et du régime hydrique sur l’évolution des propriétés physiques et hydrauliques de substrats horticoles organiques

La gestion de l’irrigation et de la fertilisation dans les systemes de production hors sol est particulierement cruciale afin de limiter tous risques d’asphyxie racinaire, de lessivage d’elements mineraux, voire de developpement de pathogenes lies a une irrigation excedentaire, ou, a l’inverse, de rehumectation delicate et de stress hydrique de la plante dans des conditions limitantes en eau. Ayant pour finalite d’ameliorer l’efficience de l’eau pour les plantes cultivees sur substrats, les travaux developpes dans cette these ont vise a analyser l’evolution des proprietes hydrauliques de differents substrats au cours de laculture, en se focalisant tout particulierement sur les effets combines du developpement racinaire et de la gestion de l’irrigation.Des essais culturaux ont ete menes sur tourbe, fibres de coco, fibres de bois et ecorce, prenant pour plante modele utilisee le rosier Knock Out®. Des mesures de biomassesracinaires et aeriennes, ainsi que celles des proprietes de retention en eau et en air, de conductivite hydraulique, de diffusivite des gaz et de mouillabilite ont ete effectuees surchaque substrat soumis a des regimes d’irrigation differents (variant d’un optimum hydrique a des conditions de stress hydrique). Les resultats montrent d'importantes modifications aufil du temps, principalement en raison de l'histoire hydrique. Cela conduit a des modifications(1) de la distribution et de la taille des pores, traduite par une reduction de leur tortuositequi genere une augmentation de la diffusion gazeuse dans le milieu, ainsi que (2) unediminution de
Midkine: A Novel Prognostic Biomarker for Cancer

Since diagnosis at an early stage still remains a key issue for modern oncology and is crucial for successful cancer therapy, development of sensitive, specific, and non-invasive tumor markers, especially, in serum, is urgently needed. Midkine (MK), a plasma secreted protein, was initially identified in embryonal carcinoma cells at early stages of retinoic acid-induced differentiation. Multiple studies have reported that MK plays important roles in tumor progression, and is highly expressed in various malignant tumors. Because increased serum MK concentrations also have been reported in patients with various tumors, serum MK may have the potential to become a very useful tumor marker. Here, we review and discuss the possibility and usefulness of MK as a novel tumor marker.
Cross-Layer Error Control Optimization in WiMAX

WiMAX is one of the most promising emerging broadband wireless technologies. As a consequence, data transfer performance optimization represents a crucial issue due to TCP limitations in wireless environment. In this study, we focus on the overhead deriving from the multilayer ARQ employed at the link and transport layers. To the aim of reducing unnecessary burden on the wireless link, we propose a cross-layer ARQ approach, called ARQ proxy, which substitutes the transmission of TCP ACK packet with a short MAC layer request on the radio link. Packet identification is achieved through the use of hash functions applied to the packet headers. Performance of the ARQ proxy is evaluated using an IEEE 802.16e system level simulator which includes realistic physical layer implementation. The results demonstrate good agreement with the design objectives and achieve the expected levels of system capacity increase, reduction of round trip time, and higher error rate tolerance.
Efficient peer-to-peer data dissemination in mobile ad-hoc networks

Without infrastructural support from base stations, mobile nodes in an ad hoc network communicate with each other in a peer-to-peer fashion. This poses a challenge in data dissemination among the mobile peers, each having limited transmission range and unpredictable mobility. We first propose a novel mobility model to characterize user mobility in a civilian environment, such as a college campus. We then propose the application of Tornado coding as an efficient solution to the challenge of ad hoc peer-to-peer data dissemination. A mobile node is able to download coded file segments from different peers-at different times and in different locations. When it receives sufficient segments, it will be able to re-construct the original file. Although Tornado coding itself is not new, we for the first time propose its application to mobile ad hoc data dissemination. Furthermore, we show how Tornado coding parameters affect the performance of peer-to-peer data dissemination.