Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Laser-Assisted Drug Delivery in the Treatment of Scars, Rhytids, and Melasma: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.

While broad reviews on laser-assisted drug delivery (LADD) have been published in the past, an updated focused examination of its utility in the context of common, treatment-resistant, dermatologic conditions has not been published. We conducted a comprehensive scoping review of the potential benefits of LADD compared to laser or drug monotherapy for the treatment of 3 such conditions: scars, rhytids, and melasma. A PubMed (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD) search was conducted using keywords including "laser-assisted drug delivery", "scar", "rhytid", and "melasma". Out-of-scope studies were excluded. To evaluate the efficacy of LADD for the treatment of scars, we categorized relevant articles by scar type; hypertrophic/keloid, atrophic, and hypopigmented. LADD, with both ablative and non-ablative laser types, was studied in combination with corticosteroids, Botulinum Toxin-A (BTX-A), 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) photodynamic therapy (PDT), stem-cells, Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and prostaglandin analogs for the treatment of scars. Some randomized controlled trials demonstrated efficacy with LADD, while others showed no significant differences in clinical outcomes, but demonstrated reduced adverse effects. Regarding rhytids, laser has been combined with varying cosmeceuticals, Polylactic acid (PLLA), topical retinaldehyde, and topical BTX-A. The studies reviewed supported the use of LADD with these drugs compared to monotherapy. Some studies showed that LADD was effective for the absorption of drugs like PLLA and BTX-A which are often not effective topically. For melasma treatment, LADD with tranexamic acid and hydroquinone was superior in some studies, but not significantly different than monotherapy in other studies. LADD with certain drugs could be considered to treat scars, rhytids, and melasma.
The effect of the properties of cell nucleus and underlying substrate on the response of finite element models of astrocytes undergoing mechanical stimulations

Abstract Astrocyte cells play a critical role in the mechanical behaviour of the brain tissue; hence understanding the properties of Astrocytes is a big step toward understanding brain diseases and abnormalities. Conventionally, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used as one of the most powerful tools to characterize the mechanical properties of cells. However, due to the complexities of experimental work and the complex behaviour of living cells, the finite element method (FEM) is commonly used to estimate the cells’ response to mechanical stimulations. In this study, we developed a finite element model of the Astrocyte cells to investigate the effect of two key parameters that could affect the response of the cell to mechanical loading; the properties of the underlying substrate and the nucleus. In this regard, the cells were placed on two different substrates in terms of thickness and stiffness (gel and glass) with varying properties of the nucleus. The main achievement of this study was to develop an insight to investigate the response of the Astrocytes to mechanical loading for future studies, both experimentally and computationally.
Single-cell multiomics identifies clinically relevant mesenchymal stem-like cells and key regulators for MPNST malignancy

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), a highly aggressive Schwann cell (SC)–derived soft tissue sarcoma, arises from benign neurofibroma (NF); however, the identity, heterogeneity and origins of tumor populations remain elusive. Nestin+ cells have been implicated as tumor stem cells in MPNST; unexpectedly, single-cell profiling of human NF and MPNST and their animal models reveal a broad range of nestin-expressing SC lineage cells and dynamic acquisition of discrete cancer states during malignant transformation. We uncover a nestin-negative mesenchymal neural crest-like subpopulation as a previously unknown malignant stem-like state common to murine and human MPNSTs, which correlates with clinical severity. Integrative multiomics profiling further identifies unique regulatory networks and druggable targets against the malignant subpopulations in MPNST. Targeting key epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemness regulators including ZEB1 and ALDH1A1 impedes MPNST growth. Together, our studies reveal the underlying principles of tumor cell-state evolution and their regulatory circuitries during NF-to-MPNST transformation, highlighting a hitherto unrecognized mesenchymal stem-like subpopulation in MPNST disease progression.
Indirect associations between infant sleep, parental sleep, and sexual well-being in new parent couples.

New parents' sexual frequency and desire fluctuate throughout the transition to parenthood (i.e., the first year after childbirth). Poorer infant sleep and parental sleep are each associated with lower sexual frequency and desire in cross-sectional research. According to the theory, infant sleep might shape new parents' sexual frequency and desire in so far as it disrupts parental sleep, though this pathway has yet to be examined. We examined the role of parental sleep in the indirect pathway between infant sleep and sexual frequency and sexual desire in couples, both within and between-person, during the first-year postpartum. In a dyadic longitudinal study, 203 first-time mothers and their partners reported on infant sleep quality, parental sleep, sexual frequency, and sexual desire at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months postpartum. Poorer infant sleep was associated with mothers' (within-couple) and partners' (between-couple) poorer sleep and, in turn, lower sexual frequency for the couple. For both mothers (within-person) and partners (between-person), poorer infant sleep was associated with their own lower sexual desire through poorer parental sleep via the indirect pathway. Ongoing assessment of infant sleep and parental sleep may reveal opportunities to mitigate the negative effects of poor sleep on new parents' sexual relationships. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
MURPHREE FESTSCHRIFT: RESEARCH REPORT Visual outcome, ocular findings, and visual quality of life in patients with Fabry disease

Background: Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal disease, in which diagnosis is often established several years after onset of symptoms. Ocular manifestations can occur in childhood and be a clue to earlier diagnosis. The aim was to report ocular outcome and visual quality of life (QoL) in patients with FD. Material and methods: FD-patients recruited from Karolinska University Hospital underwent ophthalmological examinations including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction, biomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography, keratometry, review of medical records and QoL Inventories. A total severity score (TSS), as estimated via Fabry Stabilization Index, was calculated. Results: Twenty-six FD-patients (16 men) mean age 36.4 years (range 5.0–63.5 years) were included. BCVA was median 1.0 (range 0.5–1.6). Conjunctival blood vessel tortuosity occurred in 15/26 patients, chemosis in 2/26 patients, cornea verticillata in 23/26 patients, lens opacities in 19/26 patients, and tortuous or dilated retinal vessels in 20/25 patients. Group-wise comparisons of adult patients showed no differences regarding age, TSS, or ocular parameters. Overall, TSS was correlated to age (r = 0.53, p = 0.02). A linear regression model showed that age and sex explained 38% of the variance in TSS. Keratometry did not reveal corneal ectasia in any of the 12 patients examined. VFQ 25 in 15 patients showed a high median composite score, 93.6 (range: 78.1–100). Conclusions: BCVA in FD-patients was good despite corneal and lens pathology. Ocular variables did not show an association with TSS in adult patients. Corneal or lens opacities should also lead to a suspicion of FD in children. ARTICLE HISTORY Received June 17, 2022 Revised August 31, 2022 Accepted September 25,
Impact of Virtual Yoga on Management of Sleep and Anxiety in Persons with Vision Impairment

Abstract The goal of this research was to assess the effects of virtual yoga on sleep and anxiety in persons with vision impairment. This study was a quasi-experimental single group design. Thirteen participants engaged in a six-week Hatha yoga experience with weekly sessions presented on a zoom platform with the recorded sessions provided to the participants after each session. Participants completed self-report assessments for sleep quality and anxiety, pre and post intervention. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks tests revealed significant improvements in both outcomes. Participants reported other positive outcomes from this experience, including opportunities for peer support, socialization, and the ability to exercise within the safety of their home environment.
The influence of neighborhood quality on tourism in China: Using Baidu Street View pictures and deep learning techniques

Previous studies have investigated the determinants of urban tourism development from the various attributes of neighborhood quality. However, traditional methods to assess neighborhood quality are often subjective, costly, and only on a small scale. To fill this research gap, this study applies the recent development in big data of street view images, deep learning algorithms, and image processing technology to assess quantitatively four attributes of neighborhood quality, namely street facilities, architectural landscape, green or ecological environment, and scene visibility. The paper collects more than 7.8 million Baidu SVPs of 232 prefecture-level cities in China and applies deep learning techniques to recognize these images. This paper then tries to examine the influence of neighborhood quality on regional tourism development. Empirical results show that both levels of street facilities and greenery environment promote tourism. However, the construction intensity of the landscape has an inhibitory influence on the development of tourism. The threshold test shows that the intensity of the influence varies with the city’s overall economic level. These conclusions are of great significance for the development of China’s urban construction and tourism economy, and also provide a useful reference for policymakers. The methodological procedure is reduplicative and can be applied to other challenging cases.
Understanding Radio-selected Thermal Sources in M33: Ultraviolet, Optical, Near-Infrared, Spitzer Mid-Infrared, and Radio Observations

We present ultraviolet, optical, near-infrared, Spitzer mid-infrared, and radio images of 14 radio-selected objects in M33. These objects are thought to represent the youngest phase of star cluster formation. We have detected the majority of cluster candidates in M33 at all wavelengths. From the near-IR images, we derived ages 2-10 Myr, KS-band extinctions (A) of 0-1 mag, and stellar masses of 103-104 M☉. We have generated spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of each cluster from 0.1 to 160 μm. From these SEDs, we have modeled the dust emission around these star clusters to determine the dust masses (1-103 M☉) and temperatures (40-90 K) of the clusters' local interstellar medium. Extinctions derived from the JHKS, Hα, and UV images are similar to within a factor of 2 or 3. These results suggest that 11 of the 14 radio-selected objects are optically visible young star clusters with a surrounding H II region, that 2 are background objects, possibly active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and that 1 is a Wolf-Rayet star with a surrounding H II region.
Agreement between standard and continuous wireless vital sign measurements after major abdominal surgery: a clinical comparison study

Objective. Continuous wireless monitoring outside the post-anesthesia or intensive care units may enable early detection of patient deterioration, but good accuracy of measurements is required. We aimed to assess the agreement between vital signs recorded by standard and novel wireless devices in postoperative patients. Approach. In 20 patients admitted to the post-anesthesia care unit, we compared heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) as paired data. The primary outcome measure was the agreement between standard wired and wireless monitoring, assessed by mean bias and 95% limits of agreement (LoA). LoA was considered acceptable for HR and PR, if within ±5 beats min−1 (bpm), while RR, SpO2, and BP were deemed acceptable if within ±3 breaths min−1 (brpm), ±3%-points, and ±10 mmHg, respectively. Main results. The mean bias between standard versus wireless monitoring was −0.85 bpm (LoA −6.2 to 4.5 bpm) for HR, −1.3 mmHg (LoA −19 to 17 mmHg) for standard versus wireless SBP, 2.9 mmHg (LoA −17 to 22) for standard versus wireless DBP, and 1.7% (LoA −1.4 mmHg to 4.8 mmHg) for SpO2, comparing standard versus wireless monitoring. The mean bias of arterial blood gas analysis versus wireless SpO2 measurements was 0.02% (LoA −0.02% to 0.06%), while the mean bias of direct observation of RR compared to wireless measurements was 0.0 brpm (LoA −2.6 brpm to 2.6 brpm). 80% of all values compared were within predefined clinical limits. Significance. The agreement between wired and wireless HR, RR, and PR recordings in postoperative patients was acceptable, whereas the agreement for SpO2 recordings (standard versus wireless) was borderline. Standard wired and wireless BP measurements may be used interchangeably in the clinical setting.
Multifractality without fine-tuning in a Floquet quasiperiodic chain.

Periodically driven, or Floquet, disordered quantum systems have generated many unexpected discoveries of late, such as the anomalous Floquet Anderson insulator and the discrete time crystal. Here, we report the emergence of an entire band of multifractal wavefunctions in a periodically driven chain of non-interacting particles subject to spatially quasiperiodic disorder. Remarkably, this multifractality is robust in that it does not require any fine-tuning of the model parameters, which sets it apart from the known multifractality of $critical$ wavefunctions. The multifractality arises as the periodic drive hybridises the localised and delocalised sectors of the undriven spectrum. We account for this phenomenon in a simple random matrix based theory. Finally, we discuss dynamical signatures of the multifractal states, which should betray their presence in cold atom experiments. Such a simple yet robust realisation of multifractality could advance this so far elusive phenomenon towards applications, such as the proposed disorder-induced enhancement of a superfluid transition.
Treatment with topiramate in rats during childhood causes testicular structural impairment at adulthood

Abstract Topiramate (TOP) is a psychotropic drug prescribed for the treatment of epilepsy in children older than 2 years of age and for migraine prophylaxis in adolescents. There is evidence that TOP promotes negative effects on the reproductive system of male rats. This study aimed to evaluate the immediate and late treatment effects of TOP during childhood and adolescence on the male rat reproductive system. Two experimental groups received 41 mg/kg of TOP daily, by gavage, from postnatal day (PND) 16 to 28 (TOPc group) or from PND 28 to 50 (TOPa group). Control groups (CTRc group or CTRa group) received water daily. Half of the anim–als were evaluated 24 h after the end of treatment (PND 29 and PND 51, respectively) and the remainder were evaluated in adulthood (PND120). The following parameters were determined: anogenital distance, sperm evaluation, testis’ histomorphometry and plasma testosterone concentration. At PND 120, the volume (CTRc:62.58 ± 2.13; TOPc: 54.54 ± 2.10*%, p = 0.018) and total length (CTRc: 25.48 ± 1.61; TOPc: 18.94 ± 2.41*, p = 0.035) of seminiferous tubules were decreased and the volume of interstitial tissue (CTRc:37.41 ± 2.13; TOPc: 45.45 ± 2.09*%, p = 0.018) and number of Leydig cells/testis (CTRc: 277.00 ± 36.70; TOPc: 400.20 ± 13.23*, p = 0.013) were increased in the TOPc group. The other parameters remained similar between the groups. Therefore, the present study contributes to our understanding that childhood treatment with TOP has an impact on the rat reproductive system in adulthood, suggesting that this period is more sensitive to TOP exposure than adolescence.
Effects of plyometric training on different 8‐week training intensity distributions in well‐trained endurance runners

The aim of this four‐armed parallel group randomized‐controlled trial was to evaluate if plyometric training could have different effects on running performance and physiological adaptations depending on the training intensity distribution (TID) in an 8‐week intervention in endurance athletes. Sixty well‐trained male runners (age: 34 ± 6 years, relative ⩒O2peak: 69 ± 3 ml kg−1 min−1) were recruited and allocated to a pyramidal (PYR), pyramidal + plyometric training (PYR + PLY), polarized (POL), and polarized + plyometric training (POL + PLY) periodization. The periodization patterns were isolated manipulations of TID, while training load was kept constant. Participants were tested pre‐ and post‐intervention for body mass, velocity at 2 and 4 mmol·L−1 of blood lactate concentration (vBLa2, vBLa4), absolute and relative ⩒O2peak and 5‐km running time trial performance, counter movement jump and squat jump. There were significant group × time interactions for vBla4 (p = 0.0235), CMJ (p = 0.0234), SJ (p = 0.0168), and 5‐km running time trial performance (p = 0.0035). Specifically, vBla4 and 5‐km running time trial performance showed the largest post‐intervention improvements in PYR + PLY (2.4% and 1.6%) and POL + PLY (2.1% and 1.8%), respectively. No significant interactions were observed for body mass, absolute and relative ⩒O2peak, peak heart rate, lactate peak and rating of perceived exertion. In conclusion, an 8‐week training periodization seems to be effective in improving performance of well‐trained endurance runners. Including plyometric training once a week appeared to be more efficacious in maximizing running performance improvements, independently from the TID adopted.
HIF1A-dependent induction of alveolar epithelial PFKFB3 dampens acute lung injury

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe form of lung inflammation causing acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients. ALI pathogenesis is closely linked to uncontrolled alveolar inflammation. We hypothesize that specific enzymes of the glycolytic pathway could function as key regulators of alveolar inflammation. Therefore, we screened isolated alveolar epithelia from mice exposed to ALI induced by injurious ventilation to assess their metabolic responses. These studies pointed us toward a selective role for isoform 3 of the 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFKFB3). Pharmacologic inhibition or genetic deletion of Pfkfb3 in alveolar epithelia (Pfkfb3loxP/loxP SPC-ER-Cre+ mice) was associated with profound increases in ALI during injurious mechanical ventilation or acid instillation. Studies in genetic models linked Pfkfb3 expression and function to Hif1a. Not only did intratracheal pyruvate instillation reconstitute Pfkfb3loxP/loxP or Hif1aloxP/loxP SPC-ER-Cre+ mice, but pyruvate was also effective in ALI treatment of wild-type mice. Finally, proof-of-principle studies in human lung biopsies demonstrated increased PFKFB3 staining in injured lungs and colocalized PFKFB3 to alveolar epithelia. These studies reveal a specific role for PFKFB3 in counterbalancing alveolar inflammation and lay the groundwork for novel metabolic therapeutic approaches during ALI.
Probable Aerosol Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through Floors and Walls of Quarantine Hotel, Taiwan, 2021

We investigated a cluster of SARS-CoV-2 infections in a quarantine hotel in Taiwan in December 2021. The cluster involved 3 case patients who lived in nonadjacent rooms on different floors. They had no direct contact during their stay. By direct exploration of the space above the room ceilings, we found residual tunnels, wall defects, and truncated pipes between their rooms. We conducted a simplified tracer-gas experiment to assess the interconnection between rooms. Aerosol transmission through structural defects in floors and walls in this poorly ventilated hotel was the most likely route of virus transmission. This event demonstrates the high transmissibility of Omicron variants, even across rooms and floors, through structural defects. Our findings emphasize the importance of ventilation and integrity of building structure in quarantine facilities.
Insights into the potential for mutualistic and harmful host–microbe interactions affecting brown alga freshwater acclimation

Microbes can modify their hosts' stress tolerance, thus potentially enhancing their ecological range. An example of such interactions is Ectocarpus subulatus, one of the few freshwater‐tolerant brown algae. This tolerance is partially due to its (un)cultivated microbiome. We investigated this phenomenon by modifying the microbiome of laboratory‐grown E. subulatus using mild antibiotic treatments, which affected its ability to grow in low salinity. Low salinity acclimation of these algal‐bacterial associations was then compared. Salinity significantly impacted bacterial and viral gene expression, albeit in different ways across algal‐bacterial communities. In contrast, gene expression of the host and metabolite profiles were affected almost exclusively in the freshwater‐intolerant algal‐bacterial communities. We found no evidence of bacterial protein production that would directly improve algal stress tolerance. However, vitamin K synthesis is one possible bacterial service missing specifically in freshwater‐intolerant cultures in low salinity. In this condition, we also observed a relative increase in bacterial transcriptomic activity and the induction of microbial genes involved in the biosynthesis of the autoinducer AI‐1, a quorum‐sensing regulator. This could have resulted in dysbiosis by causing a shift in bacterial behaviour in the intolerant algal‐bacterial community. Together, these results provide two promising hypotheses to be examined by future targeted experiments. Although they apply only to the specific study system, they offer an example of how bacteria may impact their host's stress response.