Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Applying Cognitive Control Modes to Identify Security Fatigue Hotspots

Security tasks can burden the individual, to the extent that security fatigue promotes habits that undermine security. Here we revisit a series of user-centred studies which focus on security mechanisms as part of regular routines, such as two-factor authentication. By examining routine security behaviours, these studies expose perceived contributors and consequences of security fatigue, and the strategies that a person may adopt when feeling overburdened by security. Behaviours and strategies are framed according to a model of cognitive control modes, to explore the role of human performance and error in producing security fatigue. Security tasks are then considered in terms of modes such as unconscious routines and knowledge-based ad-hoc approaches. Conscious attention can support adaptation to novel security situations, but is error-prone and tiring; both simple security routines and technology-driven automation can minimise effort, but may miss cues from the environment that a nuanced response is required.
Characterizing user interest using heterogeneous media

It is often hard to accurately estimate interests of social media users because their messages do not have additional information, such as a category. In this paper, we propose an approach that estimates user interest from social media to provide personalized services. Our approach employs heterogeneous media to map social media onto categories. To describe the categories, we propose a hybrid method that integrates a topic model with TF-ICF for extracting both explicitly presented and implicitly latent features. Our evaluation result shows that it gives the highest performance, compared to other approaches. Thus, we expect that the proposed approach is helpful in advancing personalization of social media services.
miR-143 and miR-145: molecular keys to switch the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are able to perform both contractile and synthetic functions, which are associated with changes in morphology, proliferation, and migration rates and are characterized by the specific expression of different marker proteins. Under normal physiological conditions, VSMC rarely proliferate in adult tissues, but undergo major phenotypic changes from the contractile to the synthetic in response to environmental cues, a phenomenon known as switching, or phenotypic modulation.1,2 Phenotypic switching is accompanied by production of abundant cytokines, extracellular matrix, and an increased rate of proliferation and migration. Therefore, the transition of VSMCs from a differentiated phenotype to a dedifferentiated state plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, vascular injury, and arteriosclerosis.2,3 However, the molecular mechanisms involved in phenotypic switching remain elusive. The last decade has witnessed an exciting discovery that led to a revolution in our understanding of the extensive regulatory gene expression networks modulated by small, untranslated RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs). 4 miRNAs comprise a novel class of endogenous, small RNAs of ≈20 to 25 nucleotides. Although the mature miRNA is very small, it is derived from a transcriptional product of a few hundred to a few thousand nucleotides. This process of maturation is known as miRNA biogenesis, extensively reviewed by Kim.5 Biogenesis of miR-143 and miR-145 is pictorially presented in Figure 1. Functionally, miRNAs are noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression. In the current, generally accepted model, they act mostly by inducing an inhibition of the translation of their target mRNAs, and, in a minority of cases, via their degradation.6,7 Very recently, however, Bartel's team challenged this view by showing that, in a vast majority of cases, mammalian microRNAs act by destabilizing their target mRNAs and decreasing their levels. …
Counting closed orbits of gradient flows of circle-valued maps

Let M be a closed connected manifold, f be a Morse map from M to a circle, v be a gradient-like vector field satisfying the transversality condition. The Novikov construction associates to these data a chain complex C * = C * (f, v). There is a chain homotopy equivalence between C * and completed simplicial chain complex of the infinite cyclic covering of M. The first main result of the paper is the construction of a functorial chain homo-topy equivalence between these two complexes. The second main result states that the torsion of this chain homotopy equivalence equals to the Lefschetz zeta function of the gradient flow for an arbitrary gradient-like vector field v satisfying the transversality condition.
Projections for the 21st century of the climate potential for beach‐based tourism in the Mediterranean

Climate is a primary resource for beach‐based tourism. It defines the length and quality of the tourist season and plays a major role in destination choices and revenues. The Mediterranean is coincidentally one of the most visited tourist destinations and sensitive areas to climate change worldwide. Social, economic and environmental adaptation to climate change in this region should necessarily evaluate the Mediterranean and European climate resource for beach‐based tourism as well as its projected changes. To this end, the second‐generation climate index for tourism (CIT) has been adopted. ERA‐Interim reanalysis have been used as the regional observed baseline, thus providing daily atmospheric data to derive CIT. For projections, meteorological variables have been obtained from a set of regional climate models (RCMs) within the ENSEMBLES European project. A quantile–quantile adjustment has been applied to the CIT cumulative distribution functions based on each individual RCM output to properly correct biases at regional and local scales. Furthermore, an ensemble strategy is adopted to further cope with uncertainties arising from RCM errors and boundary conditions. The spatial distribution of present climate potential confirms the Mediterranean coast as the most suitable region in Europe for carrying out beach leisure activities. Excellent climatic conditions prevail in most of this coastal region during summer. However, the optimal climate asset is projected to noticeably deteriorate in summer across the Mediterranean, whereas only slightly improving in northwestern Europe by 2075–2094. On the other hand, a general enhancement of ideal climate potential is expected for the shoulder seasons in the former region. That is, optimal climatic conditions may shift from the present peak demand season to spring and autumn. These potential impacts might lead to important drawbacks for the current strongly seasonal‐adjusted beach‐based tourism industry in the Mediterranean. Therefore, main tourism stakeholders will likely need to face these challenges through adaptation and mitigation strategies.
Modeling TEWL‐desorption curves: a new practical approach for the quantitative in vivo assessment of skin barrier

Abstract: The objective of the present study was to test the discriminative capacity of the mathematical modeling of the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) curves that result from a plastic occlusion stress test (POST) to variations in the skin barrier – insults inflicted to the skin or differences in two distinct anatomical regions. This study was exclusively performed in the arm. On the first part of the work, three different insults to the skin barrier were assessed: tape stripping, lipid extraction with ether : acetone, and skin‐surface biopsy. Anatomical differences were studied in the mid‐forearm and in the wrist. All sites were submitted to a POST, after which the desorption curves were recorded. The mathematical model was adjusted to the TEWL data points. Results indicate differences in the parameters obtained in the control and treated sites, which suggests differences in the water dynamics after the damage was inflicted and shows that the method is valid for the objectives proposed. There were also significant differences in the parameters obtained in the wrist and in the volar forearm, which indicates that the method is also sensitive to variations in skin histology and anatomy.
Attentional selection during preparation of prehension movements

In two experiments coupling between dorsal attentional selection for action and ventral attentional selection for perception during preparation of prehension movements was examined. In a dual-task paradigm subjects had to grasp an X-shaped object with either the left or the right hand's thumb and index finger. Simultaneously a discrimination task was used to measure visual attention prior to the execution of the prehension movements: Mask items transiently changed into distractors or discrimination targets. There was exactly one discrimination target per trial, which appeared at one of the four branch ends of the object. In Experiment 1 target position varied randomly while in Experiment 2 it was constant and known to subjects in each block of trials. In both experiments discrimination performance was significantly better for discrimination target positions at to-be-grasped branch ends than for not-to-be-grasped branch ends. We conclude that during preparation of prehension movements visual attention is largely confined to those parts of an object that will be grasped.
An Empirical Study on Price Differentiation Based on System Fingerprints

Price differentiation describes a marketing strategy to determine the price of goods on the basis of a potential customer's attributes like location, financial status, possessions, or behavior. Several cases of online price differentiation have been revealed in recent years. For example, different pricing based on a user's location was discovered for online office supply chain stores and there were indications that offers for hotel rooms are priced higher for Apple users compared to Windows users at certain online booking websites. One potential source for relevant distinctive features are \emph{system fingerprints}, i. \,e. , a technique to recognize users' systems by identifying unique attributes such as the source IP address or system configuration. In this paper, we shed light on the ecosystem of pricing at online platforms and aim to detect if and how such platform providers make use of price differentiation based on digital system fingerprints. We designed and implemented an automated price scanner capable of disguising itself as an arbitrary system, leveraging real-world system fingerprints, and searched for price differences related to different features (e.\,g., user location, language setting, or operating system). This system allows us to explore price differentiation cases and expose those characteristic features of a system that may influence a product's price.
Evidence for the Management of Adolescent Depression

Adolescent depression is a prevalent and disabling condition resulting in emotional suffering and social and educational dysfunction. Care for adolescent depression is suboptimal and could be improved through the development and use of quality indicators (QIs). This article reports on the development of a care pathway and QIs for the primary and specialty care management of adolescent depression from case identification through symptom remission. It presents evidence from a review of adolescent clinical practice guidelines and research literature to support QIs at critical nodes in the pathway, and describes implications for practice based on existing evidence. Barriers to measure development are identified, including gaps in empirical evidence, and a research agenda is suggested.
Control of legged robots during the multi support phase based on the locally defined ZMP

This paper presents a new method for controlling legged robots during the multi support phase, where the robot may have hand contact with the walls, in addition of feet supported on ground. In our method, we consider the contact condition of each foot or hand separately by the locally defined ZMP. The locally defined ZMP are used to plain the robot motion and guaranty the stability. The proposed control algorithm is verified in the real hardware of prismatic joint biped robot. The experimental results show a good performance of the proposed control method.
Investigation of infrastructural solutions to mitigate the impacts of EV recharging at LV networks

Due to environmental and economic incentives, the use of plug-in Electric Vehicles (EVs) is growing in several countries. The batteries of the EVs are recharged by being connected to distribution networks, and the power and energy required during the recharges are high compared to the typical loads. Consequently, the load levels can increase considerably, incurring in negative impacts to the distribution networks. In this paper, infrastructural solutions, which are part of the daily practices of utility engineers, are used to solve the impacts of 25,000 LV networks of a real Brazilian utility. A Monte Carlo algorithm is proposed for the analyses providing the engineers an estimative of the required solutions for a given penetration level of EVs and the required investment per EV. The results obtained for the analyzed networks and the prices practiced in Brazil show that the infrastructural solutions can cost about R$ 180.00 (US$ 60.00) per EV for 30% of penetration level.
Arabidopsis LEAFY COTYLEDON1 represents a functionally specialized subunit of the CCAAT binding transcription factor

LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1) is a central regulator that is required for many aspects of Arabidopsis embryogenesis and sufficient to induce embryo development in vegetative cells when expressed ectopically. We previously showed that LEC1 encodes an HAP3 subunit of the CCAAT binding factor and that the 10 Arabidopsis HAP3 (AHAP3) subunits can be divided into two classes, the LEC1-type and the non-LEC1-type, based on sequence similarity within their B domains. By analyzing the ability of chimeric HAP3 subunits containing different combinations of domains from LEC1 and a non-LEC1-type AHAP3 subunit to suppress genetically the lec1 mutation, we show that the B domain of LEC1 is necessary and sufficient within the context of the protein for its activity in embryogenesis. Moreover, we identify one amino acid residue, Asp-55, specific to the LEC1-type B domain that is required for LEC1 activity in embryogenesis and sufficient to confer partial LEC1 activity to a non-LEC1-type B domain. Based on structural similarities between the HAP3 B domain and histone fold motif, we discuss how the Asp-55 residue may functionally differentiate LEC1 from the non-LEC1-type AHAP3 subunits.
Assortative Mating as a Mechanism for Rapid Evolution of a Migratory Divide

There have been numerous recent observations of changes in the behavior and dynamics of migratory bird populations, but the plasticity of the migratory trait and our inability to track small animals over large distances have hindered investigation of the mechanisms behind migratory change. We used habitat-specific stable isotope signatures to show that recently evolved allopatric wintering populations of European blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla pair assortatively on their sympatric breeding grounds. Birds wintering further north also produce larger clutches and fledge more young. These findings describe an important process in the evolution of migratory divides, new migration routes, and wintering quarters. Temporal segregation of breeding is a way in which subpopulations of vertebrates may become isolated in sympatry.
Rate of Convergence for Vanishing Viscosity Approximations to Hyperbolic Balance Laws

The rate of convergence for vanishing viscosity approximations to hyperbolic balance laws is established. The result applies to systems that are strictly hyperbolic and genuinely nonlinear with a source term satisfying a special mechanism that induces dissipation. The proof relies on error estimates that measure the interaction of waves. Shock waves are treated by monitoring the evolution of suitable Lyapunov functionals, whereas interactions involving rarefaction waves are accommodated by employing a sharp decay estimate.
Improved conversion rates for SNP genotyping of nonmodel organisms

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant form of genetic variation and are highly adaptable to large-scale automated genotyping and population genetics studies. For nonmodel organisms, many SNP discovery projects are based on sequencing and assembly of a transcriptome and the calling of sequence variation in contigs. This paper develops a new method for avoiding intron/exon boundaries in genotyping primer design, based on the mapping of raw genome reads to a transcriptome assembly. Applied to a project in European anchovy SNP discovery, the attained conversion rate of 91.6% is the highest yet reported for a nonmodel teleost SNP discovery project.
WEAKLY NONLINEAR ANALYSIS OF MULTIMODAL FLUVIAL BARS

Fluvial bars are large-scale topography with a planimetric scale of the order of channel width, which appears on riverbeds when the aspect ratio is sufficiently large. In order to describe the formation of such multimodal fluvial bars, a weakly nonlinear analysis is performed in this paper with the use of the amplitude expansion method. In the analysis, the fundamental perturbations with four different harmonic modes are imposed on an initially flat riverbed. The equilibrium bar profiles obtained by the present multimodal analysis are comparable to those obtained from the uni-modal analysis and the numerical analysis when the aspect ratio is small. An irregularity in the time variation of bar amplitude that has not appeared in the uni-modal bar analysis, is promoted with increasing aspect ratio.
5-HT1A Agonist Properties Contribute to a Robust Response to Vilazodone in the Novelty Suppressed Feeding Paradigm

Background: Differences in 5-HT1A receptor function have been implicated in vulnerability to depression and in response to treatment. Adding 5-HT1A partial agonists to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors has been touted as a strategy to increase their efficacy. Here we use the novelty suppressed feeding paradigm to compare the effects of vilazodone, a high-potency selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, with high affinity for 5-HT1A receptors to the reference selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine across several mouse strains that differ in their response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Methods: To confirm 5-HT1A agonist activity, body temperature was measured after acute administration of vilazodone or fluoxetine, as administration of 5-HT1A agonists induces hypothermia. We next used 3 strains of mice to examine the effects of the drugs on latency in the novelty suppressed feeding, a paradigm generally sensitive to chronic but not acute effects of antidepressants. Results: Vilazodone induces robust hypothermia and blocks stress-induced hyperthermia in a 5-HT1A-dependent manner, consistent with agonist effects at 5-HT1A autoreceptors. In 129SvEv mice, vilazodone (10mg/kg/d) reduces the latency to eat in the novelty suppressed feeding test within 8 days, while no effect of fluoxetine (20mg/kg/d) was detected at that time. In contrast, both vilazodone and fluoxetine are effective at decreasing latency to eat in the novelty suppressed feeding paradigm in a strain with low autoreceptor levels. In mice with higher autoreceptor levels, no significant difference was detected between fluoxetine and vehicle (P=.8) or vilazodone and vehicle (P=.06). Conclusion: In mice, vilazodone may offer advantages in time of onset and efficacy over a reference selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in the novelty suppressed feeding test.
Fingerprint Gender Classification using Wavelet Transform and Singular Value Decomposition

A novel method of gender Classification from fingerprint is proposed based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD). The classification is achieved by extracting the energy computed from all the sub-bands of DWT combined with the spatial features of non-zero singular values obtained from the SVD of fingerprint images. K nearest neighbor (KNN) used as a classifier. This method is experimented with the internal database of 3570 fingerprints finger prints in which 1980 were male fingerprints and 1590 were female fingerprints. Finger-wise gender classification is achieved which is 94.32% for the left hand little fingers of female persons and 95.46% for the left hand index finger of male persons. Gender classification for any finger of male persons tested is attained as 91.67% and 84.69% for female persons respectively. Overall classification rate is 88.28% has been achieved.
A head-to-head comparison of the de Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI) and Elderly Mobility Scale (EMS) in an older acute medical population

Abstract Purpose: To compare the clinimetric properties of the de Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI®) and the Elderly Mobility Scale (EMS). Method: A head-to-head comparison of the EMS and DEMMI® with 120 consecutive older acute medical patients. The DEMMI® and EMS were administered within 48 h of hospital admission and discharge. Results: At admission, 6% and 15% of participants scored the lowest scale score for the DEMMI® and EMS, respectively. For the DEMMI®, 17% of participants scored within the minimal detectable change of the lowest scale score compared to 20% for the EMS at admission. At hospital discharge, DEMMI® scores were normally distributed and the EMS had a ceiling effect. Similar evidence of convergent, discriminant and known groups validity were obtained for the DEMMI® and EMS. There was no significant difference in responsiveness to change between the DEMMI® and EMS. The EMS was significantly quicker to administer compared to the DEMMI®. Conclusion: The DEMMI® and EMS are both valid measures of mobility for older acute medical patients. The DEMMI® has a broader scale width than the EMS with interval level measurement and therefore provides a more accurate method for measuring and monitoring changes in mobility for older acute medical patients. Implications for Rehabilitation Mobility of older acute medical patients. Hospitalised older acute medical patients are at “high risk” of mobility decline. Accurate measurement of mobility is essential for preventing and treating mobility decline. Many existing mobility measures have significant measurement limitations. The DEMMI® is a more accurate measure of mobility than the EMS in an older acute medical population.
Prédire la structure des forêts tropicales humides calédoniennes : analyse texturale de la canopée sur des images Pléiades

Cartographier et classifier les forets denses humides (FDH) selon une typologie structurale objective est un enjeu majeur pour leur conservation et leur gestion. Les principales contraintes dans l'etude des FTH sont dues a leur forte heterogeneite et a leur faible accessibilite. Les images satellites Pleiades offrent de nouvelles opportunites pour l'etude, a large echelle, de l'organisation structurale de ces forets. Dans cet article nous avons evalue a travers une etude de cas en Nouvelle-Caledonie leur potentiel pour construire une typologie des FDH a partir d’une analyse de texture de la canopee. La methode FOTO (FOurier-based Textural Ordination) a ete appliquee a des images a tres haute resolution spatiale pour produire des indices de texture de la canopee. Les resultats ont montre que cette methode etait prometteuse pour, d'une part isoler la FDH des autres formations vegetales, et d’autre part mettre en evidence leur diversite structurale a large echelle.