Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Approximate Analytical Turning Conditions for Underwater Gliders: Implications for Motion Control and Path Planning

This paper describes analysis of steady motions for underwater gliders, a type of highly efficient underwater vehicle which uses gravity for propulsion. Underwater gliders are winged underwater vehicles which locomote by modulating their buoyancy and their attitude. Several underwater gliders have been developed and have proven their worth as efficient long-distance, long-duration ocean sampling platforms. Underwater gliders are so efficient because they spend much of their flight time in stable, steady motion. Wings-level gliding flight for underwater gliders has been well studied, but analysis of steady turning flight is more subtle. This paper presents an approximate analytical expression for steady turning motion for a realistic underwater glider model. The problem is formulated in terms of regular perturbation theory, with the vehicle turn rate as the perturbation parameter. The resulting solution exhibits a special structure that suggests an efficient approach to motion control as well as a planning strategy for energy efficient paths.
Road Transport for Tourism: Evaluating Policy Measures from Consumer Profiles

A rise in the number of tourists at many destinations and their increased mobility in host countries or regions have led to a growth in tourism-associated externalities. Although there is a trend for governments to centre their transport policies on the supply side, promoting the development of different infrastructures and services or intervening in tourism markets, this paper presents an alternative way of thinking by analysing tourist demand profiles to detect those that tend to opt for private transport. The authors investigate different strategies in tourism policies designed to reduce the number of tourists using private motor vehicle transport and to promote public, group or charter transport at destinations. Taking the Balearic Islands as a case study, discrete choice models are employed to assess different ways of modelling the transport demand function for hire cars, other private cars, public buses and coaches, and thus to identify the corrective potential of the proposed policies.
Virome in Fecal Samples From Wild Giant Pandas (Ailuropoda Melanoleuca)

The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is one of the most endangered mammals in the world; anthropogenic habitat loss and poaching still threaten the survival of wild pandas. Viral infection has become one of the potential threats to the health of these animals, but the available information related to these infections is still limited. In order to detect possible vertebrate viruses, the virome in the fecal samples of seven wild giant pandas from Qinling Mountains was investigated by using the method of viral metagenomics. From the fecal virome of wild giant pandas, we determined six nearly complete genomes belonging to the order Picornavirales, two of which may be qualified as a novel virus family or genus. In addition, four complete genomes belonging to the Genomoviridae family were also fully characterized. This virological investigation has increased our understanding of the gut viral community in giant pandas. Whether these viruses detected in fecal samples can really infect giant panda needs further research.
Testing Identifiability of Cointegrating Vectors

This paper analyzes the identification and normalization of cointegrating vectors. Normalizing a cointegrating relation with respect to one of the relevant variables is with loss of generality; and restrictions which are supposed to identify a vector may fail to do so for particular parameter values. The author proposes to tackle both problems by testing whether particular rank conditions are violated. He shows that S. Johansen and K. Juselius's (1992) class of likelihood ratio statistics for structural hypotheses in a Gaussian vector autoregression may be used for this purpose. The tests are applied to a model of the demand for money in the United Kingdom.
Lean machine manufacturing at Munjal Showa limited

Purpose – The global manufacturing industry is becoming more competitive. Munjal Showa, a shock absorber manufacturer in India, is using indigenous development of lean machines by incorporating concepts of lean manufacturing and low-cost automation techniques to increase their competitiveness. This new approach has helped the company to reduce cost of manufacturing and to increase productivity by reducing cycle time and down time. The purpose of this paper is to offer an in depth study of how at Munjal Showa Ltd lean machines are being developed and manufactured. This paper explores how a cumbersome machine was transformed into a lean machine. Design/methodology/approach – This paper explores how a cumbersome machine was transformed into a lean machine. Findings – This new approach has helped the company to reduce cost of manufacturing and to increase productivity by reducing cycle time and down time. Research limitations/implications – The paper discusses the process of converting one cumbersome machine .
Ca2+-selective Transient Receptor Potential V Channel Architecture and Function Require a Specific Ankyrin Repeat*

Transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins form cation-conducting ion channels with currently 28 known genes encoding TRP channel monomers in mammals. These monomers are thought to coassemble to form homo- or heterotetrameric channels, but the signals governing their assembly are unknown. Within the TRPV subgroup, TRPV5 and TRPV6 show exclusive calcium selectivity and play an important role in calcium uptake. To identify signals that mediate assembly of functional TRPV6, we screened domains for self-association using co-immunoprecipitation, sucrose gradient centrifugation, bacterial two-hybrid assays, and patch clamp analysis. Of the two identified interaction domains within the N-terminal region, we showed that the first domain encompassing the third ankyrin repeat is the stringent requirement for physical assembly of TRPV6 subunits and when transferred to an unrelated protein enables its interaction with TRPV6. Deletion of this repeat or mutation of critical residues within this repeat rendered nonfunctional channels that do not co-immunoprecipitate or form tetramers. Suppression of dominant-negative inhibitors of TRPV6-specific currents was achieved by deletion of ankyrin (ANK) 3. We propose that the third ANK repeat initiates a molecular zippering process that proceeds past the fifth ANK repeat and creates an intracellular anchor that is necessary for functional subunit assembly.
Living with dementia from the perspective of older people: Is it a positive story?

Dementia, even at an early stage, may pose problems and challenge one's quality of life. Having accurate knowledge of what one experiences when living with dementia is important for developing proactive care for individuals with dementia and their families. The aim of our Grounded Theory study was to explore what it means for elderly people to live with early-stage dementia. We interviewed 20 elderly people with probable mild dementia and their family members. Living with dementia was often presented as a positive narrative, one that told of only minor problems and which stressed abilities and contentment with life. Being valued, rather than losing one's cognition or identity was central in their experience. More in-depth analyses of participants’ narratives revealed, however, that they were constantly balancing their feelings of value and worthlessness, struggling to remain someone of value. This struggle was prompted by threats posed by dementia and by the persons’ interactions with others. Superficially, a positive narrative may be understood as a lack of awareness or as denial due to cognitive loss. Our findings suggest, however, that we should look beyond this superficial view and seek to understand the narrative as an expression of one's attempt to counterbalance devaluation.
Could Behavioral Economics Help Improve Diet Quality for Nutrition Assistance Program Participants?

Findings from behavioral and psychological studies indicate that people regularly and predictably behave in ways that contradict some standard assumptions of economic analysis. Recognizing that consumption choices are determined by factors other than prices, income, and information illuminates a broad array of strategies to influence consumers’ food choices. These strategies expand the list of possible ideas for improving the diet quality and health of participants in the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Food Stamp Program; the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); and the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs.
Mesoscale Eddy-Induced Ocean Dynamic and Thermodynamic Anomalies in the North Pacific

Oceanic mesoscale eddies are associated with large thermodynamic anomalies, yet so far they are most commonly studied in terms of surface temperature and in the sense of composite mean. Here we employ an objective eddy identification and tracking algorithm together with a novel matching and filling procedure to more thoroughly examine eddy-induced thermodynamic anomalies in the North Pacific, their relationship with eddy amplitude (SSH), and the percentage of variability they explain on various timescales from submonthly to interannual. The thermodynamic anomalies are investigated in terms of sea surface temperature (SST), isothermal layer depth (ITD), and upper ocean heat content (HCT). Most eddies are weak in amplitude and are associated with small thermodynamic anomalies. In the sense of composite mean, anticyclonic eddies are generally warm eddies with deeper isothermal layer and larger heat content, and the reverse is true for cyclonic eddies. A small fraction of eddies, most probably subsurface eddies, exhibits the opposite polarities. Linear relationships with eddy amplitude are found for each of the thermodynamic parameters but with different level of scatter and seasonality. HCT-amplitude relation scatters the least and has the smallest seasonal difference, ITD-amplitude relation has the largest scatter and seasonality, while SST-amplitude relation is in between. For the Kuroshio and Oyashio Extension region, the most eddy-rich region in the North Pacific, eddies are responsible for over 50% of the total SSH variability up to the intra-seasonal scale, and ITD and HCT variability up to interannual. Eddy-induced SST variability is the highest along the Oyashio Extension Front on the order of 40–60% on submonthly scales. These results highlight the role of mesoscale eddies in ocean thermodynamic variability and in air-sea interaction.
The quest for modernization in Greek foreign policy and its limitations

The rise of Kostas Simitis and his ‘modernizers’ faction to the leadership of PASOK in January 1996 brought certain changes to Greece's foreign policy. Contrary to the widespread belief that Simitis's impact has steered Greece away from its nationalist foreign policy to a modernist/Europeanist direction, this article argues that such conclusions are premature and simplistic. Instead, it suggests an alternative interpretation whereby Simitis's foreign policy is perceived as predominantly dualistic, combining a westernist with a nationalist orientation with the aim of satisfying the two major competing factions of the social democrats and the populists inside PASOK and among the wider Greek electorate. To the extent that modernization in foreign policy presupposes a commitment to international interdependence as a means of attaining security and domestic socio‐economic development, Simitis's impact has had a modest modernizing effect on Greek foreign policy. Greece still remains largely preoccupied with a d.
Prior Information and ARIMA Forecasting

Using the method of ARIMA forecasting with benchmarks developed in this paper, it is possible to obtain forecasts which take into account the historical information of a series, captured by an ARIMA model (Box and Jenkins, 1970), as well as partial prior information about the forecasts. Prior information takes the form of benchmarks. These originate from the advice of experts, from forecasts of an annual econometric model or simply from pessimistic, realistic or optimistic scenarios contemplated by the analyst of the current economic situation. The benchmarks may represent annual levels to be achieved, neighbourhoods to be reached for a given time period, movements to be displayed or more generally any linear criteria to be satisfied by the forecasted values. The forecaster may then exercise his current economic evaluation and judgement to the fullest extent in deriving forecasts, since the laboriousness experienced without a systematic method is avoided.
Alternative Responses of Policy to External Supply Shocks

DURING 1973 and 1974 reductions in supplies of food (through natural causes) and of oil (through unnatural causes) simultaneously lowered the real income of U.S. nonfarm workers and raised the rate of inflation. An inflation-cum-recession induced by lower supplies of raw materials may call for a policy response different from the traditional tonic of demand restriction called for by a "garden-variety" inflation generated by excess demand. In light of the novelty of the 1974 situation, the sharp divergence of policy recommendations among economists is not surprising. Some analyzed the episode within the context of standard macroeconomic demand analysis, treating the 1973-74 acceleration of inflation as a delayed consequence of the acceleration in monetary growth during 1972, and the 1974-75 recession as a delayed consequence of the sharp deceleration in monetary growth that began in June 1974. The policy advice of this group, consisting largely of economists generally identified as "monetarists," was to maintain a constant or even slightly reduced rate of growth of the money supply. ' Arthur
Continuous device positioning and synchronization in 5g dense networks with skewed clocks

Fifth generation (5G) radio networks are expected to provide remarkable improvements in the user experience due to faster data rates and lower latencies, for example. These kind of enhancements are made possible by several technical advances when compared to the existing networks. In particular, densification of network, device-centric network topology and exploitation of smart antennas, among others, will play key roles in network developments. In addition to obvious benefits in solely communications type of services, the aforementioned technological advances allow for completely new kind of applications. In this paper, we focus on user equipment (UE) positioning, and additionally show how also successful network synchronization can be done in 5G networks in a highly sophisticated, but low-complex network-centric solution. We will extend the analysis available in the existing literature to fully unsynchronized networks where the UEs as well as the network remote radio heads (RRHs) have clock offsets and skews with respect to a given reference clock. Our numerical performance analysis, based on realistic network and propagation models, show that the proposed method can provide sub-meter range positioning accuracy and highly accurate synchronization of the network elements.
Infrastructure Needs and Pension Investments: Creating the Perfect Match

The life insurance and pensions sector manages large funds with a truly long time horizon. These investors therefore naturally seek long-dated assets to match their liabilities. Real assets or real cash flows are preferred in order to hedge against inflation, which is particularly relevant for pension funds in order to assure a decent purchasing power for their clients’ retirement income. Many countries have the daunting tasks of refurbishing and expanding infrastructure, maintaining and expanding public real estate – and doing this in an environmentally friendly manner. Well-conceived infrastructure investments promote productivity and efficiency in both the public and private sector and foster economic – potentially also “green” – growth. Large amounts of capital are needed. Many nations cannot tap the private capital markets as easily as before. Infrastructure investments could be the “perfect match” for a portion of pension savings. Therefore, the link between the capital at hand and its accessibility for infrastructure investments needs to be improved, via regulation, co-operation and communication that foster public-private partnerships, as well as government leadership.
Klebsiella spp. as Nosocomial Pathogens: Epidemiology, Taxonomy, Typing Methods, and Pathogenicity Factors

SUMMARY Bacteria belonging to the genus Klebsiella frequently cause human nosocomial infections. In particular, the medically most important Klebsiella species, Klebsiella pneumoniae, accounts for a significant proportion of hospital-acquired urinary tract infections, pneumonia, septicemias, and soft tissue infections. The principal pathogenic reservoirs for transmission of Klebsiella are the gastrointestinal tract and the hands of hospital personnel. Because of their ability to spread rapidly in the hospital environment, these bacteria tend to cause nosocomial outbreaks. Hospital outbreaks of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella spp. , especially those in neonatal wards, are often caused by new types of strains, the so-called extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. The incidence of ESBL-producing strains among clinical Klebsiella isolates has been steadily increasing over the past years. The resulting limitations on the therapeutic options demand new measures for the management of Klebsiella hospital infections. While the different typing methods are useful epidemiological tools for infection control, recent findings about Klebsiella virulence factors have provided new insights into the pathogenic strategies of these bacteria. Klebsiella pathogenicity factors such as capsules or lipopolysaccharides are presently considered to be promising candidates for vaccination efforts that may serve as immunological infection control measures.
Do Fiscal Deficits Influence Current Accounts? A Case Study of India

This paper examines the effects of fiscal deficits on the current account deficits in the Indian economy. In many developing countries, fiscal deficits are mostly financed through monetization, causing crowding out of private investment expenditures. However, fiscal deficits in India are mostly financed through official borrowings from various external sources, leading to higher interest payments and outgoings on the external account. Such a policy could eventually precipitate balance of payments crises despite favorable trade account and real exchange rate. Data over three decades for the Indian economy show that, in addition to the real exchange rate and the ratio of private investment to GDP, fiscal deficits significantly contribute to the current account deficits.
Trade Unions, Collective Voice and Fringe Benefits

The exit/voice model of the labor market predicts that unionized workers will enjoy a greater level of fringe benefits, both absolutely and as a share of total compensation, than non- unionists. This is because unions can, through the medium of collective voice, communicate to management a picture of the preferences of the median worker. In non-union settings, however, management responds to the perceived preferences of the young, mobile workers at the hiring margin and these typically place a low priority on fringe benefits relative to money wages. Using data from the Australian Longitudinal Survey it is found that the hypothesis is supported by the evidence for Australia. Copyright 1992 by The Economic Society of Australia.
Body-Wave Imaging of Earth’s Mantle Discontinuities from Ambient Seismic Noise

Exploiting Seismic Noise Typically, seismic imaging has been based on examining the seismic waves that traveled from a known source, usually an earthquake, to a seismograph. Poli et al. (p. 1063; see the Perspective by Prieto) now show that correlations of body waves in seismic noise can yield information about Earth's deep interior. An array in Finland, supplemented by other stations, was used to examine reflections from two major seismic boundaries within Earth's mantle at depths of about 410 and 660 km thought to be associated with mineralogical changes in Earth's interior. The data imply that the upper discontinuity extends over about 15 kilometers whereas the deeper one is only about 4 km thick. Correlated seismic waves reveal that the mantle boundary at 410 kilometers is three times the thickness of the deeper one at 660 kilometers. Ambient seismic noise correlations are widely used for high-resolution surface-wave imaging of Earth’s lithosphere. Similar observations of the seismic body waves that propagate through the interior of Earth would provide a window into the deep Earth. We report the observation of the mantle transition zone through noise correlations of P waves as they are reflected by the discontinuities associated with the top [410 kliometers (km)] and the bottom (660 km) of this zone. Our data demonstrate that high-resolution mapping of the mantle transition zone is possible without using earthquake sources.
Partial Benefits in the Social Security Disability Insurance Program

type="main" xml:lang="en"> The current U.S. Social Security Disability Insurance program is an all-or-nothing system that has been criticized for creating strong work disincentives. In an empirically grounded and calibrated life-cycle model, I simulate behavioral responses to a partial disability benefit system, a policy alternative to the current program, which allows individuals to claim partial disability and combine earnings with disability benefits. Simulation results show financial savings for the program as well as welfare improvements for individuals with disabilities.
Policy change and network termination: The role of farm groups in agricultural policy making in Australia

As the National Farmers' Federation (NFF) celebrated its 25th anniversary in 2004, it is timely to reflect on the role of farm groups in agricultural policy making in Australia and revisit the policy changes of the 1970s which provided a major impetus for the NFF's formation. Agricultural policy is often presented as the classic case of policy developed by tight policy communities characterised by stability, shared ideology and limited membership. There has been much debate in the literature about the value of the concept of policy communities in explaining policy development processes and policy change. This article suggests that the combination of ideological and institutional change, particularly in the presence of looser policy networks, can disrupt policy making and lead to network termination resulting in policy change.