Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sampling Rules for Tensor Reconstruction in Hierarchical Tucker Format

The subject of this article is the development of an algorithm that reconstructs a high-dimensional tensor by a hierarchical (H-) Tucker tensor with the help of a non-adaptive sampling rule. This sampling rule supports our approximation scheme coming from the matrix cross approximation and guarantees that we can build a tensor A H in the desired format from only a few entries of the original tensor A. Under mild assumptions A H is a reconstruction of A. In the numerical experiments we obtain convenient approximations also for tensors without low rank representation and for per-tubed tensors.
Developmental arborization of sensory neurons in the leech Haementeria ghilianii. II. Experimentally induced variations in the branching pattern

The sharp, nonoverlapping boundaries of the major and minor receptive fields of the mechanosensory neuron Pv of the leech, as well as the mutual exclusion during embryonic development of growing axon branches belonging to the same Pv cell, have suggested that peripheral axon arborization of these neurons is constrained by a process of neuronal self-avoidance. To provide a direct experimental test of this proposal, the development of the major and minor receptive fields of the Pv neuron was studied in embryos of the leech, Haementeria ghilianii, after surgically preventing or delaying the outgrowth of the axon branches which establish only a minor or only the major field of that neuron. As predicted by the proposal of self-avoidance, interference with the outgrowth of a minor field axon branch resulted in the spread of the major field axon branch into what is normally minor field territory. Conversely, similar interference with the establishment of the major field resulted in the spread of the minor field axon branches into what is normally major field territory. The findings presented here indicate that neuronal self-avoidance does play a significant role in the development of mechanosensory receptive field structure but suggest also that the detailed pattern of arborization of the sensory axons is guided by prespecified pathways of only ephemeral availability or recognizability.
An improved moving target detecting and tracking based on Optical Flow technique and Kalman filter

Optical Flow is a well known method for motion estimation and explanation. We can use it to detect and track the moving target, as it always reflects to the motion field of the captured scene in the image. In this paper, we first propose an improved optical flow method which is based on the technology of point matching and the strategy of uniform sampling. Then the goal of detecting and tracking moving target is achieved efficiently by the proposed method in the graying flow field. Especially, the detecting and tracking are improved due to the introduction of Kalman filter. Experiments show that, the calculation speed of our proposed method is relatively high and our approach can successfully detect and track moving targets in a real time.
Research on Detection and Tracking of Moving Target in Intelligent Video Surveillance

Now the visual surveillance system has been studied extensively, and has made great progress, but many surveillance systems are only applied in specific sites, and the level of intelligence is not high. Intelligent video surveillance system mainly carries out research on techniques of detection and tracking of moving targets, which are very important for detection and understanding of abnormal behaviors, so the effect of moving detection directly affects the overall effect of video surveillance systems, moving detection of intelligent visual surveillance is mainly target classification, tracking, detection, behavior recognition and so on. Detection and tracking of moving targets in surveillance applications has greatly improved intelligence, accuracy and reliability of video surveillance and has greatly reduced the burden on staff.
Parameter estimation techniques for a rehabilitation hand exoskeleton

In this paper we study several techniques regarding the parameter estimation for a rehabilitation hand exoskeleton. Several solutions for the control system are proposed and discussed. The technical constraints determine the difficulty of the sensor placement on the exoskeleton area. In order to avoid these problems, a disturbance torque observer is used. Two control solutions are proposed. First, we discuss a conventional control with velocity and force observers. Then, the torque observer is used to compensate the compliance effects of the human hand and to control the actuation torque. Several simulation examples prove the proposed methods.
VINCE: Exploiting visible light sensing for smartphone-based NFC systems

This paper presents VINCE - a novel visible light sensing design for smartphone-based Near Field Communication (NFC) systems. VINCE encodes information as different brightness levels of smartphone screens, while receivers capture the light signal via light sensors. In contrast to RF technologies, the direction and distance of such a Visible Light Communication (VLC) link can be easily controlled, preserving communication privacy and security. As a result, VINCE can be used in a wide range of NFC applications such as contactless payments and device pairing. We experimentally profile the impact of screen brightness levels and refresh rates of smartphones, and then use the results to guide the design of light intensity encoding scheme of VINCE. We adopt several signal processing techniques and empirically derive a model to deal with the significant variation of received light intensity caused by noises and low screen refresh rates. To improve the communication reliability, VINCE adopts a feedback-based retransmission scheme, and dynamically adjusts the number of encoding brightness levels based on the current light channel condition. We also derive an analytical model that characterizes the relation among the distance, SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), and BER (Bit Error Rate) of VINCE. Our design and theoretical model are validated via extensive evaluations using a hardware implementation of VINCE on Android smartphones and the Arduino platform.
Indexing of Compressed Time Series

We describe a procedure for identifying major minima and maxima of a time series, and present two applications of this procedure. The first application is fast compression of a series, by selecting major extrema and discarding the other points. The compression algorithm runs in linear time and takes constant memory. The second application is indexing of compressed series by their major extrema, and retrieval of series similar to a given pattern. The retrieval procedure searches for the series whose compressed representation is similar to the compressed pattern. It allows the user to control the trade-off between the speed and accuracy of retrieval. We show the effectiveness of the compression and retrieval for stock charts, meteorological data, and electroencephalograms.
A Hybrid Metaheuristic for the Lot Streaming Problem in Job Shops

This paper presents a hybrid metaheuristic for solving the lot streaming problem in job shop production systems. In contrast with conventional tabu search implementations, where the disjunctive graph is adopted to represent the scheduling problem, our tabu search approach is based on permutation with repetition. Moreover, a specific procedure inspired by genetic algorithms is incorporated to seek better sublot sizes for a given schedule. By combining two metaheuristics, good solutions can be found in reasonable computing times and experimental results confirm the remarkable advantage of lot streaming.
π-SIFT: A photometric and Scale Invariant Feature Transform

For many years, various local descriptors that are insensitive to geometric changes such as viewpoint, rotation, and scale changes, have been attracting attention due to their promising performance. However, most existing local descriptors including the SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) are based on luminance information rather than color information thereby resulting in instability to photometric variations such as shadows, highlights, and illumination changes. In this paper, we propose a novel local descriptor, π-SIFT, that are invariant to both geometric and photometric variations. In order to achieve photometric invariance, we adopt photometric quasi-invariant features based on the dichromatic reflection model. The performance of the proposed descriptor is evaluated with SIFT.
Minimum formalin fixation time for consistent estrogen receptor immunohistochemical staining of invasive breast carcinoma.

To identify the minimum time necessary for consistent immunohistochemical estrogen receptor (ER) results in our laboratory, we evaluated results in timed fixation blocks and cases with disparate and similar needle core biopsy and partial mastectomy specimens. Tissue sections of 24 ER-positive, invasive breast carcinomas were fixed for 3, 6, 8, and 12 hours and 1, 2, and 7 days. ER values were quantified using the Q score (0-7). In timed fixation blocks, the mean Q score per block was 2.46 for blocks fixed for 3 hours, 5.75 for blocks fixed for 6 hours, and 6.70 for blocks fixed for 8 hours (P < .001). The difference between the case maximum and mean block Q scores was a plateau of almost 0 at 6 to 8 hours of formalin fixation. For needle core biopsy specimen fixation times, the means for specimens with ER-disparate and ER-similar results were 1.2 and 6.3 hours, respectively (P = .01). The minimum formalin fixation time for reliable immunohistochemical ER results is 6 to 8 hours in our laboratory, regardless of the type or size of specimen.
Natural agonists for aryl hydrocarbon receptor in culture medium are essential for optimal differentiation of Th17 T cells

Th17 cell differentiation is dependent on interleukin (IL)-6 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and it is modulated by activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). In this study, we show that differentiation of Th17 cells, but not Th1 or induced regulatory T (iT reg) cells, is increased by endogenous AhR agonists present in culture medium. Th17 development from wild-type mice is suboptimal in the presence of the AhR antagonist CH-223191, similar to the situation in AhR-deficient mice, which show attenuated IL-17 production and no IL-22 production. The presence of natural AhR agonists in culture medium is also revealed by the induction of CYP1A1, a downstream target of AhR activation. However, the most commonly used medium, RPMI, supports very low levels of Th17 polarization, whereas Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium, a medium richer in aromatic amino acids, which give rise to AhR agonists, consistently results in higher Th17 expansion in both mouse and human cells. The relative paucity of AhR agonists in RPMI medium, coupled with the presence of factors conducive to IL-2 activation and enhanced Stat5 phosphorylation, conspire against optimal Th17 differentiation. Our data emphasize that AhR activation plays an essential part in the development of Th17 cells and provide a rational explanation for the poor in vitro polarization of Th17 cells that is reported in the majority of publications for both mouse and human cells.
Enhancing low-light color images using an RGB-NIR single sensor

In this paper, we propose a method to enhance the color image of a low-light scene by using a single sensor that simultaneously captures red, green, blue (RGB) and near-infrared (NIR) information. Typical image enhancement methods require two cameras to simultaneously capture color and NIR images. In such cases, meticulous calibration is required to adjust the pixel positions of the two cameras. By contrast, our proposed system is calibration free, but achieves accurate color image restoration. We divide the captured multi-spectral data into RGB and NIR information based on the spectral sensitivity of our imaging system. Using the NIR information for guidance, we reconstruct the corresponding clear color image based on a joint demosaicking and denoising technique. Our experiments show the effectiveness of our method using raw data captured by our imaging system.
Simulating and mitigating ionospheric effects in synthetic aperture radar

The ionosphere is magnetized plasma that forms above the neutral atmosphere due to solar ionization of upper atmosphere constituents. It presents an obstacle to space based synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems since it affects the radar signals traveling through it. Its impact can be split into two groups: uniform effects (those caused by a spatially uniform non-turbulent ionosphere) and nonuniform effects (those caused by irregularities in the ionosphere). In this paper, we present a method for simulating the uniform non-turbulent effects such as dispersion, group delay, Faraday rotation, and phase shift. This method is then validated using PALSAR data of Washington, DC. We also show the coherence in this scene after ionospheric effects are added. Finally, the model is used to predict the level of ionospheric effects in future space based SAR systems such as ALOS-2.
Regularized approximate residual weighted subsampling for visual tracking

In discriminative tracking algorithms, the accuracy of classifier which relies heavily on the selection of training samples can directly influence the performance of visual tracking. Motivated by above, a tracking algorithm is presented based on regularized approximate residual weighted subsampling in the paper. Through the subsampling procedure, the corrupted samples which exert adverse impacts on the estimated classifier are ensured to be selected infrequently, thus making the classifier trained with the selected sample subset more robust to the noise caused by object appearance variations. Furthermore, an effective model updating strategy is adopted to enhance the flexibility of the tracker to the changes. Compared with some state-of-the-art trackers, our tracking algorithm performs better on a typical benchmark.
Spatial Interpolation of Meteorologic Variables in Vietnam using the Kriging Method

This paper presents the applications of Kriging spatial interpolation methods for meteorologic variables, including temperature and relative humidity, in regions of Vietnam. Three types of interpolation methods are used, which are as follows: Ordinary Kriging, Universal Kriging, and Universal Kriging plus Digital Elevation model correction. The input meteorologic data was collected from 98 ground weather stations throughout Vietnam and the outputs were interpolated temperature and relative humidity gridded fields, along with their error maps. The experimental results showed that Universal Kriging plus the digital elevation model correction method outperformed the two other methods when applied to temperature. The interpolation effectiveness of Ordinary Kriging and Universal Kriging were almost the same when applied to both temperature and relative humidity.
2H-3 Imaging of Murine Infarcts Using Myocardial Elastography at Both High Temporal and Spatial Resolution

Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution, and high precision. In this paper, in vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day post-LAD ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770 VisualSonics Inc.). Radio-frequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in long-axis view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using the retrospective ECG gating technique, an extremely high frame rate (up to 8 kHz) was achieved that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Results clearly depicted the contraction, relaxation, thickening and thinning of LV in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole, rather than thickening as in the normal case. Preliminary statistical results from nine normal mice and seven infarcted mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infarcted from normal myocardium. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (0.125 ms) and spatial (50 mum) resolution, as well as high precision (minimum displacement 0.05 mum). Myocardial elastography was capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle at that resolution and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo
Design of model predictive control for time-varying nonlinear system based on gaussian process regression modeling

In this work, modeling and control of a time-varying nonlinear system is studied. The modeling is under the Gaussian process regression (GPR) framework, which is a data-driven approach. To address he time-varying phenomenon which commonly exists in the manufacturing processes, an online GPR algorithm is adopted. Next, model predictive control (MPC) is designed based on the obtained GPR model which aims to minimize the difference between the actual process output and the reference or target. The advantage of incorporating the GPR modeling in the MPC design is that, GPR based prediction not only gives the predicted output but also the associated prediction uncertainty. By utilizing the additional information, the tolerance for prediction uncertainty is set as one of the constrains in the MPC design. From practical point of view, the GPR based MPC design provides the opportunity for safe operation or quality control by knowing and setting the tolerance for the prediction uncertainty, which is significantly important in manufacturing process control. The effectiveness of the proposed methods are validated through simulation based studies.
Commentary on Tikellis et al: There is more to discover about angiotensin-converting enzyme.

Irvine H. Page used to say that the regular occurrence of constant amounts of a substance in the body is seldom without purpose and that organisms exhibit an inner economy and prudence by using one substance for several functions. Almost 50 years later, we are now challenged again to decipher just how complicated and how physiologically relevant are newly discovered biochemical pathways contributing to the formation of biologically active forms of angiotensin peptides. The need to revisit the role of angiotensin-forming enzymes was stimulated by the finding of a new gene encoding a protein having highest homology to the testes-specific isoform of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). 1,2 In 1991, we first suggested3 that angiotensin II (Ang II) should be viewed as one but not the sole principal product of the renin-angiotensin system. The proposal was based on the characterization of biological actions of the heptapeptide angiotensin-(1–7) [Ang-(1–7)] and its forming enzymes. There was reluctance to accept this concept in part because the potential role of Ang-(1–7) in cardiovascular regulation was still at an embryonic stage, there was little evidence that Ang II could act at more than one receptor, and a full characterization of other enzymic pathways for angiotensin peptide formation had not been achieved yet. The situation is quite different today; a growing body of literature now implicates Ang-(1–7)3–7 and angiotensin IV (Ang-3–8)8 as components of the system, and additional work has identified chymase, prolyl endopeptidase 24.26, neutral endopeptidase 24.11, metalloendopeptidase 24.15,9 and …
National Conference On " Information and Communication Technology " / NCICT-IOJ ENGLISH TO SANSKRIT MACHINE TRANSLATOR LEXICAL PARSER AND SEMANTIC MAPPER

Here we propose to develop a converter which converts English Sentence to Sanskrit sentence. TheProposed modules are as follows: MODULE I: LEXlCAL PARSER MODULE 2: SEMANTICMAPPER MODULE 3: ITRANSLATOR MODULE 4: COMPOSER Here we would concentrate only on the first two modules. Thefirst module i.e. Lexical parser which parses 0 English sentence and the second module i.e. Semantic Mapper which maps the English semantic word with Sanskrit semantic word.
Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution Cc by a Review on Efficient Method of Single Image Dehazing Centered on Multi-scale Fusion

The visibility of the outdoor images is degraded on account of bad atmosphere conditions. That is principally because of the environment particles such as haze and fog that spread and absorb the light. Haze is an atmospheric singularity that significantly degrades the visibility of outdoor scenes. This paper presents a new single image strategy for the improvement of the visibility of degraded images that are changed. Image fusion is an activity which combines the data from two or more resource images from the same landscape to create one solitary image including more exact information of the scene than the resource images. To preserve the regions with good visibility, their important features get filtered by computing three measures (weight maps): luminance, chromaticity, and saliency. The derived images are weighted by specific weight map followed by Laplacian and Gaussian pyramid representations to reduce artifacts occurred due to weight maps. Subsequently the resulting picture is going to be improved from your past and more obvious. Several studies and research has been completed in the disciplines such as Computer Vision, Parallel and distributed processing, Automatic object detection, Image processing, Robotics and Remote sensing. This paper show effectiveness and the power of a fusion-based strategy of dehazing centered on single degraded image. The method performs a per-pixel manipulation, which is straightforward to implement and then apply the directed filter to improve the image quality. Our effective method demonstrates to yield comparative and even better results than the more complex state-of-the-art techniques but has the advantage to be appropriate for real-time applications.
Current Use of Depression Rating Scales in Mental Health Setting

Objective This study was to investigate the current use of depression rating scales by psychiatrists and clinical psychologists in Korea. Methods The questionnaires from many psychiatrists and clinical psychologists were included in the analysis. The questionnaire was composed of items about examining the percentage of patients clinically using depression rating scales, reasons for not use of them, the degree of satisfaction, the perceived agreement rate between the result of depression rating scales and doctor's clinical interview in the evaluation of patients with depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed by χ2 and independent t-test. Results The clinical use of depression rating scales was more frequent in the psychologists than in the psychiatrists. The purposes for using depression rating scales were assessed into six areas, there was no significant difference in between two groups, and both groups pointed out their purpose as rating of severity and screening. The reasons for not using scales were that their interview may be sufficient for diagnosis and assessment of depressive patients and they are not familiar with the use of depression rating scales. The psychiatrists usually prefer the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Symptom Checklist 90-Revision (SCL-90-R) in order of frequency, and the clinical psychologists are more likely to use the BDI, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and SCL-90-R. Overall rate of satisfaction in the use of the scales was 67.29±14.45% and overall perceived agreement rate was 70.89±16.45%. Conclusion Currently used depression rating scales at the clinical practice were not various. Therefore, to heighten clinicians' utility of these depression rating scales measures, either educational efforts or advertisements, or both, will be necessary to spread them wildly.