Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Higher-Order Numerical Solutions Using Cubic Splines

The cubic spline collocation procedure for the numerical solution of partial differential equations was reformulated so that the accuracy of the second-derivative approximation is improved and parallels that previously obtained for lower derivative terms. The final result is a numerical procedure having overall third-order accuracy for a nonuniform mesh and overall fourth-order accuracy for a uniform mesh. Application of the technique was made to the Burger's equation, to the flow around a linear corner, to the potential flow over a circular cylinder, and to boundary layer problems. The results confirmed the higher-order accuracy of the spline method and suggest that accurate solutions for more practical flow problems can be obtained with relatively coarse nonuniform meshes.
The evolutionary history of the interacting Galaxy system NGC 7714/7715 (Arp 284)

The distribution and kinematics of atomic hydrogen in an interacting galaxy pair are studied to develop a model of its formation and assess its implications. H I gas peaks, bridges, and tails for NGC 7714/7715 (Arp 284) are identified with the VLA observations, and the velocity field appears to indicate that of an inclined rotating disk. A parabolic off-center collision is modeled for two disk galaxies with different masses, and formation scenario leads to results consistent with the observations. The point of closest approach occurred 1.1 x 10 exp 8 years ago, and the inclination angle for NGC 7714 is given at around 30 deg. This ring galaxy's lack of star formation is attributed to the large impact parameter associated with the parabolic off-center collision considered for Arp 284. Star formation and the initial mass function of the interacting galaxy pair are studied to assess the age and composition of the objects.
Alternative Regime Switching Models for Forecasting Inflation

US inflation appears to undergo shifts in its mean level and variability. We evaluate the performance of three useful models for capturing such shifts. The models studied are the Markov switching models, state space models with heavy-tailed errors, and state space models with compound error distributions. Our study shows that all three models have very similar performance when evaluated in terms of the mean squared or mean absolute forecast errors. However, the latter two models are considerably more parsimonious, and easily beat the more profligately parameterized Markov switching models in terms of model selection criteria, such as the AIC or the SBC. Thus, these may serve as useful continuous alternatives to the popular discrete Markov switching models for capturing shifts in time series. Copyright © 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
‘Ahhh it was like paradise, but inside’: children’s experiences and perceptions of a free physical activity program

ABSTRACT As most Canadian children are not attaining the recommended 60 minutes of daily physical activity, it is imperative that affordable and accessible programs are implemented to help children become more physically active. Specifically, community-based programs that are free and easy to access have shown to be advantageous for promoting beneficial health behaviours at a population level. The Grade 5 ACT-i-Pass (G5AP) is a community-based physical activity program in the mid-sized Canadian city of London, Ontario that offers free programming to all grade 5 children (ages 9–11 years) at various recreational facilities across the city. The data from 28 focus groups with past G5AP participants (n = 101) were analysed to understand the influence of the program on children’s perceived physical activity levels, and to investigate the enablers and/or barriers that children believe influenced their participation in, or access to, G5AP programming. Five distinct themes were identified during the analysis, including two themes describing participants’ perceived changes to their physical activity levels (i.e. additional physical activity opportunities, and well-being and self-efficacy), and three themes explaining enablers and/or barriers to G5AP programming (i.e. program structure and implementation, spatial accessibility of programming, and social supports and constraints). The findings from the focus groups were used to generate recommendations for current and future community-based physical activity programs as a means to improve the health and well-being of children.
Black Holes in Supergravity with Applications to String Theory

This thesis is devoted to the study of black hole solutions in ungauged four-dimensional extended Supergravity. We characterize the most general spherically symmetric and static black-hole solution of ungauged Supergravity, and use the result to study the hidden conformal symmetries of Supergravity black holes, obtaining the full Virasoro algebra of the dual conformal field theory. We obtain also all the supersymmetric black-hole metrics of all extended Supergravities using the properties of the groups of Type E7. We introduce the H-F.G. K. formalism, which simplifies the construction of non-supersymmetric black-hole solutions in N=2 Supergravity, and apply it to a class of theories corresponding to Type-IIA String Theory compactified on a Calabi-Yau threefold. As a result we obtain the so-called "quantum" black holes, which only exist when certain quantum corrections (perturbative or non-perturbative, depending on the solution) are included in the prepotential. For the case of non-perturbative black holes, we elaborate on the potential consequences of the appearance on the solution of multi-valued functions in relation to the no-hair theorem for four-dimensional black holes. This thesis also contains the relevant mathematical background to formulate extended ungauged Supergravity in four-dimensions, that is, Special K\"ahler Geometry and homogeneous spaces, as well as a brief introduction to the mathematical structure of four-dimensional extended ungauged Supergravity.
Short-termmemory for faces relates to general intelligencemoderately ☆

Article history: Received 15 January 2016 Received in revised form 9 April 2016 Accepted 4 May 2016 Available online 21 May 2016 The results associated with a small number of investigations suggest that individual differences in memory for faces, as measured by the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT), are independent of intelligence. Consequently, memory for faces has been suggested to be a special construct, unlike other cognitive abilities. However, previous investigations have measured intelligence with only one or two subtests. Additionally, the sample sizes upon which previous investigations were based were relatively small (N= 45 to 80). Consequently, in this investigation, a battery of eight cognitive ability tests and the CFMTwere administered to a relatively large number of participants (N=211). Based on a correlated-factor model, memory for faces was found to be correlated positively with fluid intelligence (.29), short-termmemory (.23) and lexical knowledge ability (.19). Additionally, based on a higher-order model, memory for faces was found to be associated with g at . 34. The results are interpreted to suggest thatmemory for faces, asmeasured by the CFMT,may be characterised as a relatively typical narrow cognitive ability within the Cattell–Horn–Carroll (CHC) model of intelligence, rather than a special ability (i.e., independent of other abilities). Future research with a greater diversity in the measurement of face recognition ability is encouraged (e.g., long-term memory), as the CFMT is a measure of short-term face memory ability. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Features Linear Fusion Based on AP Clustering and AASC Algorithm

In the field of mechanical fault diagnosis, in order to improve the diagnosis accuracy with high feature dimension, a method of features linear fusion method based on AP(Affinity propagation clustering) and AASC(Affinity Aggregation for Spectral Clustering) algorithm was proposed. Low dimension space was obtained by AP clustering, then using AASC algorithm to fuse this selected features, and gained a new feature, meanwhile which can be used independently as a new feature. In the phase of experiment, this method was compared with respectively LPP and PCA, it’s result indicates that this method is excellent in improving diagnosis accuracy.
Independent Stepwise Residuals for Testing Homoscedasticity

Abstract Regression models which specify independent, homoscedastic and normally distributed errors may be analyzed in a stepwise manner to produce calculated residuals having this same property. If the nth residual is calculated as the deviation of the nth observation from its predicted value based on a least squares fit to only the first n observations then the resulting sequence of residuals, appropriately normalized, are not only mutually independent and homoscedastic but are also independent of all of the calculated regression functions. If error variance is a monotonic function of the mean then, under certain regularity conditions, the calculated stepwise residuals are likewise monotonically heteroscedastic. Simple linear regression with equally spaced values of the independent variable constitutes one such regular case, and a Monte Carlo study of the “peak-test” of homoscedasticity in this instance shows that for small samples the stepwise residuals are substantially more sensitive to monotonic het.
The Effect of COVID-19 Safety Protocols on Hospital Workers’ Mental Health: A Moderated-Mediation Model of COVID-19 Anxiety and Psychological Resilience

Social distancing measures can create psychological issues, especially among hospital staff who constantly deal with emergency patients. To explore the mediating role of COVID-19 anxiety on the association between COVID-19 safety protocols and mental health, and to test the moderating role of resilience between COVID-19 safety protocols and COVID-19 anxiety, this work collected data on hospital staff in terms of COVID-19 safety protocols, psychological resilience, COVID-19 anxiety, and improving staff mental health. The effects of the use of COVID-19 safety protocols on COVID-19 anxiety and the mental health of hospital workers in China were also analyzed. The experimental results showed that resilience remarkably moderated COVID-19 safety protocols and COVID-19 anxiety among Chinese hospital staff.
Intercombination lines in delayed beam-foil spectra

The intrinsic time resolution of the beam-foil light source has been utilized in order to single out and to identify intercombination lines in the Mg i, Al i, and Si i isoelectronic sequences for ions with nuclear charge Z = 18–30 (Ar, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn). The method is described, and wavelength and lifetime data are presented. For the ions in the Al i and Si i sequences, the level positions of the high–spin term systems (lowest quartet and quintet levels, respectively) have been determined.
Antimicrobial activity of jambu mawar [Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston] leaf extract against foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms

The present work evaluated the antimicrobial potential of the ethanolic extract of jambu mawar [Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston] leaves against various foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms via the disc diffusion assay (DDS) and the time-kill curve assay. These microorganisms included bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC13773, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC19112, Proteus mirabilis ATCC21100, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC9027, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29737, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC17802), yeasts (Candida albicans ATCC10231, C. krusei ATCC32196, C. glabrata ATCC2001, and C. parapsilosis ATCC22019), and moulds (Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC26430, A. niger ATCC9029, Rhizopus oligosporus ATCC22959, and R. oryzae ATCC22580). The inhibition zone of DDA ranged from 7.00 ± 0.23 to 10.25 ± 0.29 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal (MBC/MFC) of the ethanolic leaf extract were obtained at the concentrations of 0.01 to 2.50 and 0.01 to 5.00 mg/mL, respectively. The time-kill curve assay showed that except for P. mirabilis, other microorganisms were completely killed at MIC concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 4× MIC. In comparison, P. mirabilis showed a growth reduction of > 3 log10 CFU/mL for 4 h. Meanwhile, the conidial germination of A. fumigatus was fully inhibited at 0.5× MIC. Though not fully inhibited, the ethanolic leaf extract significantly reduced the conidial germination of A. niger, R. oryzae, and R. oligosporus to 7.0, 7.0, and 11.0%, respectively. Overall, the ethanolic leaf extract of S. jambos exhibited antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms.
Investigation on doping dependency of solution-processed Ga-doped ZnO thin film transistor

Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) thin film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated based on the solution-processed method and GZO TFTs were investigated according to the variation of the Ga doping concentration [Ga∕Zn (%)]. A field-effect mobility of 1.63cm2∕Vs and a drain current on/off ratio of 4.17×106 were observed in the 5.4 % Ga-doped TFT. This result shows good agreement with its structural properties and electrical properties of the GZO channel layer. It is believed that the optimal and desirable electrical properties of the TFTs can be obtained by adjusting the Ga doping concentration.
Noise Thermometry in the Range 630-962°C

A noise thermometer has been developed at IMGC and has been used to realize the Thermodynamic Scale (TS). Differences between TS, as realized at IMGC, and the IPTS-68 were determined in the range 630-962°C and the results are presented. The discussion of results primarily deals with the factors introducing measurement uncertainties and with the comparison of noise thermometer results with those of recent radiation thermometry and gas thermometry experiments. Data fitting provides the TS versus IPTS-68 differences as a continuous function of the Celsius temperature in the range 630-1064°C. For this, data from monochromatic pyrometry experiments are taken into account in order to cover the range from the freezing point of silver to the freezing point of gold.
An overview of abdominal segmentation methods using General Adversarial Network (GAN)

Applications ranging from image-guided surgery to computer-assisted diagnosis depend on the segmentation of abdominal anatomy. The uses of the General Adversarial Network (GAN) in the automatic segmentation of abdominal pictures are discussed in this review article. Discussion in this paper starts off by reviewing the underlying theory of GAN and its variations, then covering the most recent abdominal segmentation techniques. In addition, it introduces the variety of applications and datasets included for these imaging studies. The quantitative performances (evaluated using Dice Similarity Coefficient and F-scores) of 13 representative studies are summarized and compared. Overall, a more precise abdominal segmentation can be achieved using GAN-based methods of image analysis.
Explained Variation for Logistic Regression - Small Sample Adjustments, Confidence Intervals and Predictive Precision

Summary The proportion of explained variation in logistic regression can be expressed by the multiple R 2 origin- ally developed for the general linear model (cf. Mittlboc k and Schemper (1996)). In this paper we present a detailed investigation of this measure in small samples and/or with many covariates and propose either of two adjustments, one being a direct analogue of R 2 of the general linear model, and the other being based on shrinkage. Furthermore, we explore the use of bootstrap confidence intervals and give a table of the expected variability of estimates of explained variation for samples of varying sizes. We recommend to quantify gains of predictive precision due to prognostic factors by both rela- tive and absolute measures. For binary outcomes the components of the relative measure, R 2 , are suita- ble absolute measures of predictive precision. They are interpretable as average absolute residuals con- ditional on using prognostic factors and without such information. We motivate application of the presented measures by the statistical analysis of a study of physical characteristics of urine possibly related to the presence of calcium oxalate crystals.
Operation of the Stokes Profile Synthesis Routine

The Stokes Profile Synthesis Routine (SPSR) calculates the Stokes vector emerging from a model atmosphere using the Diagonal Element Lambda Operator (DELO) method described in Rees, Murphy, and Durrant (1989). The DELO technique combines speed, accuracy, and robustness making it well suited to the problem of radiative transfer in the presence of magnetic fields. This technical note describes the data required by the SPSR and also the format of its results.
Event‐triggered dynamic surface control of uncertain nonlinear networked systems subject to transmission delays

In this paper, an event‐triggered dynamic surface control technique is proposed for strict‐feedback uncertain nonlinear networked systems in the presence of network‐induced time delays. First, an event‐based dynamic surface control law is designed. Then, by rewriting the control law as a communication‐delay‐distribution‐dependent model, the closed‐loop error dynamics is derived and modeled as a linear time‐delay system with perturbation terms. Next, a periodic event‐triggering condition is designed by imposing some inequality constraints on the perturbations. A theorem related to the H∞$$ {H}_{\infty } $$ ultimate boundedness and quadratic tracking of the closed‐loop system is presented. The proposed technique is utilized to design a decentralized dynamic surface control structure with event‐triggered inter‐vehicle communications for a vehicle platoon.
A systematic literature review of studies on attitudes towards gambling using the Attitudes Towards Gambling Scale (ATGS)

ABSTRACT Several studies have investigated attitudes toward gambling using the Attitudes Towards Gambling Scale (ATGS), however, their findings have not previously been synthesized or systematically reported. Thus, we conducted a systematic literature review on studies employing the ATGS to summarize the current evidence. Database searches were conducted in January 2022 in Cinahl, Embase, PsycInfo, Pubmed, Web of Science, GreyNet, and Google Scholar. Papers were included if they presented data based on the ATGS and were published in a European language. Twenty-six papers presenting the results from 23 unique studies met the inclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. Most of the studies were cross-sectional and used the short (8-item) version of ATGS. The synthesis indicates an overall incline towards negative attitudes. More positive attitudes were associated with being male, younger age, and higher gambling frequency. Studies were divergent in findings concerning problem gambling and gambling attitudes, which could be due to variance in problem gambling severity in the samples. The current evidence base is encumbered by limitations in study quality and designs. Future research should emphasize longitudinal designs, include non-western samples, and investigate the directionality and causality of variables associated with attitudes towards gambling.
Sub‐syllable segment‐based voice conversion using spectral block clustering transformation functions

Abstract This paper presents a novel framework for voice conversion based on sub‐syllable spectral block clustering transformation functions. The speech signal is first transferred to a spectrum by Fast Fourier transform. A sonority measure is used to extract sub‐syllable segments from input utterances by computing the energy concentration measure among frequency components. According to the syllable structure of Mandarin, Hidden Markov Model based syllable clustering is used to deal with the variety among different syllables. Dynamic programming is applied to align the spectral blocks of the parallel corpus to constrain the mapping between the spectral unit of the source speaker and that of the listener speaker under the constraint that mapped unities should be constrained to the same sub‐syllable and sub‐band in the Mel‐scale filter bank. A content based image retrieval algorithm is employed to find the target spectral block in the transformation phase. This paper illustrates voice conversion by spectral block transformation that transfers the speech signal of the source speaker to that of the listener. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective in voice conversion, and the discrimination with regard to speaker identification is better than with traditional approaches. However, there remain additional noises, especially in high frequency components, which reduce the signal quality carried in the transformation phase, due to the fact that speech is not smooth.
Dispersal by randomly varying currents

The long-term oceanic dispersal of persistent contaminants is approached as a problem in turbulent diffusion, with tidal, wind-driven, and other variable currents relegated to turbulence. The mean advection velocity in this problem is typically small compared with the r.m.s. fluctuation. Therefore, close to a continuous concentrated source, puffs of contaminant of all ages are present and have significant effects. Old puffs, i.e. those released a long time previously, give rise to a background concentration field. Young puffs affect the local contaminant concentration p.d. f. according to the probability of their presence, quantified by the visitation frequency. The behaviour of young puffs is governed by variable advection and may be described approximately in terms of probability distributions obtainable from current-meter data. The visitation frequency can be calculated from the distribution of escape probability density, a Lagrangian equivalent of flux. A long-term effect of variable advection is the distribution of the contaminant over an ‘extended’ source, which serves as a starting point for the random walk of old puffs. The conventional approach of using the diffusion equation to describe this random walk is therefore valid as a description of the near-source background concentration field, provided that the extended source is used in place of the physical source. A sample calculation for a typical open coastal case shows that the background concentration plume becomes wide compared with source dimensions, of order KH/U, with KH horizontal (eddy and shear) diffusivity, U mean advection velocity. The near-source value of the background concentration is correspondingly low, of order m/hKn, with m the mass-release rate and h the water depth. Visitation frequencies calculated with the aid of current statistics drop rapidly with distance from the source, especially in the cross-shore direction. The typical cross-shore diameter of the extended source region is a few kilometres.
THE METHOD OF SYSTEMATIC RELAXATION APPLIED TO SURVEY PROBLEMS

Abstract This paper reviews and elaborates the application of the “Method of Systematic Relaxation of Constraints”, originally devised by R. V. Southwell for the calculation of the forces in frameworks, to the problem of the adjustment of survey networks to conform to the condition of least squares. The method is illustrated by the solution of a simple example of a triangulation network, and its application to larger surveys is discussed.