Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wearables in the Wild: Advocating Real-Life User Studies

Wearable technologies are increasingly evolving into omnipresent companions. They become smaller and less obtrusive while at the same time their list of features constantly expands. Companies such as Samsung, Jawbone and Apple have driven the technological progress, yet information and feedback on how these devices work in real-life settings, what challenges users are facing, and where they see potentials for improvement, remain somewhat under-explored. This paper therefore wants to highlight the need for more 'in the wild' user studies so as to better understand and consequently define the design space for wearable technology.
Temporal phenome analysis of a large electronic health record cohort enables identification of hospital-acquired complications.

OBJECTIVE To develop methods for visual analysis of temporal phenotype data available through electronic health records (EHR). MATERIALS AND METHODS 24 580 adults from the multiparameter intelligent monitoring in intensive care V.6 (MIMIC II) EHR database of critically ill patients were analyzed, with significant temporal associations visualized as a map of associations between hospital length of stay (LOS) and ICD-9-CM codes. An expanded phenotype, using ICD-9-CM, microbiology, and computerized physician order entry data, was defined for hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile (HA-CDI). LOS, estimated costs, 30-day post-discharge mortality, and antecedent medication provider order entry were evaluated for HA-CDI cases compared to randomly selected controls. RESULTS Temporal phenome analysis revealed 191 significant codes (p value, adjusted for false discovery rate, ≤0.05). HA-CDI was identified in 414 cases, and was associated with longer median LOS, 20 versus 9 days, and adjusted HR 0.33 (95% CI 0.28 to 0.39). This prolongation carries an estimated annual incremental cost increase of US$1.2-2.0 billion in the USA alone. DISCUSSION Comprehensive EHR data have made large-scale phenome-based analysis feasible. Time-dependent pathological disease states have dynamic phenomic evolution, which may be captured through visual analytical approaches. Although MIMIC II is a single institutional retrospective database, our approach should be portable to other EHR data sources, including prospective 'learning healthcare systems'. For example, interventions to prevent HA-CDI could be dynamically evaluated using the same techniques. CONCLUSIONS The new visual analytical method described in this paper led directly to the identification of numerous hospital-acquired conditions, which could be further explored through an expanded phenotype definition.
All American Yemeni Girls: Being Muslim in a Public School

1. Introduction: Being American, Being Yemeni: Uncovering a Predicament 2. American Sojourners between Honor and Shame 3. Classroom as Oasis 4. Islam and Conflicting Visions of Literacy 5. The Tensions Teachers Face: Public Education and Islam 6. From Aspiration to Desperation and Living in Ambiguity 7. Living Ethnography: Reflections on Dearborn before and after September 11 * Notes Bibliography Index Acknowledgments
Narrow-band interference error correction in coded OFDM-based PLC systems

This work analyzes different error-correcting schemes for combating the effects of narrow-band interference in coded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing-based narrow-band power line communication systems. In this sense, we analyze an error-correcting scheme widely acclaimed in the literature, which is constituted by the concatenation of a Reed-Solomon (RS) code, a convolutional code and an bit interleaver, and an alternative error-correcting scheme with less computational complexity composed of an RS code concatenated with a short block code. Base on a comparative performance analysis of both error-correcting schemes in terms of bit error rate, we conclude that the alternative error-correcting scheme offers satisfactory performance in terms of bit error rate and considerable computational complexity reduction when compared to the usual one.
The Swarm-bot Experience: Strength and Mobility through Physical Cooperation

In this chapter, we study a collective robotic system that is inspired by the behavior of social insects. The system consists of mobile robots that can autonomously perceive and modify their environment. We investigate the problem of controlling a number of these robots in cooperation based tasks that are too difficult for the robots to solve when operating alone. In social insects, a range of sophisticated macroscopic phenomena can be observed at the level of groups, teams, and entire colonies [H ¨ olldobler and Wil-son (1990); Anderson and McShea (2001)]. These phenomena are usually governed by self-organized processes. Such processes result from numerous local interactions between individual insects and between the individuals and their environment [Camazine et al. (2003)]. None of the individuals have any reference to a global template or pattern. Instead, each individual uses only local information to guide its actions. Designing collective robotic systems according to the principles of decentralized control and self-organization has a number of potential benefits. First of all, self-organized systems are inherently robust with respect to many types of failure. Typically, collective robotic systems have some inherent redundancy as they are comprised of many identical units. Thus, if some robots fail, other robots can take their place. Furthermore, as there is no centralized control in the form of, for instance , a leader robot, there is no single point of failure. Hardware-wise, the units of these robotic systems are typically relatively simple when compared to more traditional robotic systems consisting of a single monolithic robotic entity. Thus, collective robotic systems also tend to have fewer components inside each robotic unit that can fail. It is also typically true that the more units are involved in a given
The Effect of Spectral Space Reduction in Spontaneous Speech on Recognition Performances

Although speech derived from reading texts and similar types of speech, e.g., that from reading newspapers or that from news broadcasts, can be recognized with high accuracy, recognition performance drastically decreases for spontaneous speech. This is due to the fact that spontaneous speech and read speech are significantly different acoustically as well as linguistically. This paper analyzes differences in acoustic features between spontaneous and read speech using a large-scale spontaneous speech database "Corpus of Spontaneous Japanese (CSJ)". Using a linear transformation matrix, experimental results show that spontaneous speech can be characterized by reduced size of spectral space in comparison with that of read speech. These have also clarified that a reduction in the spectral space leads to a reduction in phoneme recognition accuracy. This result indicates that spectral reduction is one major reason for the decrease of recognition accuracy of spontaneous speech.
J an 2 00 1 On Validated Numeric of Values of Some Zeta and L-functions , and Applications

This note is for an introduction to the validated numerics study of values of zeta and L functions. The subject matter of this talk lies in the area between Analysis, Algebra and Validated Numerics [1, 7]. More specifically, I want to discuss the relations between the algebra and analysis of zeta and L functions and the evaluation of values of the functions. The talk is on some observations and partial results related to more general cases, and I would like to ask the permission of the listeners for replacing the notes of my talk by a very introductory exposition. The reason for this ”going down” and taking very elementary examples as the object for discussion lies on my side, i.e. it was useful for the study of more general cases to review the simplest cases. Why Zeta and L-functions are considered? As noted by Don Zagier, zeta and L-functions of various sorts are all-pervasive objects in modern number theory and its applications [8]. They appear in number theory, in algebraic geometry, in algebraic K-theory, in representation theory and in the theory of automorphic forms. Recently zeta and L-functions appear in the theory of dynamical systems [18, 19]. Many mentioned applications connected with computations of zeta and L-functions values in ”critical” points (following Deligne [10] an integer m is called critical if neither m nor h − m is a pole of γ(s), where γ(s) is a ”gamma factor”, which equal to an exponential function A times a finite product of terms Γ(1/2(s+m)) such that the product L∗(s) = γ(s)L(s) satisfies L∗(s) = wL∗(k − s) for some integer h > 0 and sign w = ±1). Then the corresponding critical value L(m) should have the form
The principles of scale space applied to structure and colour in light microscopy

This article shows that scale space theory and spatial colour models can be quantitatively applied to light microscopy images through the use of computer software algorithms. The use of scale space is particularly help- ful in obtaining information about an image in which the conditions were less than optimal, thus reducing the pressure and time during experi- mental setup and data acquisition. In particular, this article considers two dimensional brightfield and fluorescence microscopy. However, the princi- ples described can be applied to other forms of microscopy, including three dimensional images and time series images, thus introducing a number of avenues for assisting in future research.
Politics of issues or of sides : a treatise on what caused the eventual outcome of the 2012 Presidential Elections in Ghana

This article is a preliminary study which analyses the outcomes of the 2012 presidential election in Ghana, which saw the National Democratic Congress retain power. The paper argues that even though issues are supposed to guide voters in making their choices in elections, the outcome of the 2012 election was influenced by other factors also. Key issues that have been studied include respondents' responses on education (free Senior High School and Quality Senior High School); National Health Insurance (NHIS) have been studied. The others include party affiliation, personality of the voters, ethnic orientation and incumbency among others. The Data for this paper was gathered in Adum-Kumasi, a strong business area that has several people from various parts of the country come to do business. The other areas include Kejetia an entrepot and KNUST and Edwase which is a University community. Responses from the thousand (1000) respondents to questionnaires represent the position of Ghanaians from all walks of life. Responses from respondents have been thematically pieced together to form the discussions. The study points us to the future, the need to focus on issues during elections. It proposes that knowledge of the issues affecting the people and succinct appreciation of what parties propose in their manifestos as well as their past and present achievements in the governance of the nation among other significant issues should inform electorates in their choice of a president during presidential elections. It also points out that when the people are able to reach this height of choosing presidents base strongly on issues, we can assume or conclude that multi-party elections in Ghana and the democratization process which took off from 1992 after a long period of military rule, would have been deeply consolidated.
Two New Loaded Compact Palnar Ultra-Wideband Antennas Using Defected Ground Structures

In this paper, two new line-fed loaded planar antennas are proposed for ultra-wideband applications. The first antenna is a circular patch with a circular ring as a Defected Ground Structure (DGS). A 50 Ohm microstrip line passes through the antenna which is symmetrical between the feed and the load. The impedance bandwidth of the first antenna with S11 < −10 dB is more than 10 GHz, from 3 GHz to more than 13 GHz, in both simulation and measurement. It will be shown that the antenna has quite a stable radiation pattern and also high gain over its bandwidth. The second configuration is a rhomboidal patch which a 50 Ohm microstrip line passes through it. A rhomboidal DGS ring is employed to widen the bandwidth of the proposed antenna. The impedance bandwidth with VSWR < 2 is more than 10 GHz, from 3 GHz to more than 13 GHz, in both simulations and measurement. The second antenna has also quite a stable radiation pattern and high gain values in its frequency band. For these antennas, a wideband 50 Ohm load has been used. Finally, it should be mentioned that the antennas have very compact structures as well as very simple configurations.
Aspect of Thrombolytic Therapy: A Review

Thrombolytic therapy, also known as clot busting drug, is a breakthrough treatment which has saved untold lives. It has been used in the clinical area to treat venous and arterial thromboembolic complaints which are a foremost cause of death. In 1761, Morgagni lead the way of thrombolytic therapy. Now day's different types of thrombolytic drugs are currently available in market: alteplase, anistreplase, urokinase, streptokinase, tenecteplase, and so forth. Thrombolytic therapy should be given with maintaining proper care in order to minimize the risk of clinically important bleeding as well as enhance the chances of successfully thrombolysis of clot. These cares include preinfusion care, during the infusion care, and postinfusion care. Besides proper knowledge of contraindication, evolutionary factor, and combination of drug is essential for successful thrombolytic therapy. In these review we discussed about these aspect of thrombolytic therapy.
Non-stationary Noise Estimation Based on Non-negative Matrix Factorization

In this paper, we apply a non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) technique to propose a method of estimating noise occurring in non-stationary environments. In the proposed method, the basis matrix of the target noise is first obtained via NMF training. The noise basis is then applied to estimate an activation matrix of the target noise from the noisy signal. The proposed method is finally applied to reduce the auto-focus (AF) noise in a digital camera. It is shown from the experiment that the proposed method provides a better estimate of the AF noise than a conventional method based on signal-presence probability.
EFFECTS OF GOP ON MULTIVIEW VIDEO CODING OVER ERROR PRONE CHANNELS

In this paper, an investigation of the effects of group of pictures on H.264 multiview video coding content over an error prone environment with varying packet loss rates is presented. We analyse the bitrate performance for different GOP and error rates to see the effects on the quality of the reconstructed multiview video. However, by analysing the multiview video content it is possible to identify an optimum GOP size depending on the type of application used. A comparison is demonstrated for the performances between widely known H.264 data partitioning error resilience technique and multi-layer data partitioning technique with different error rates and GOP in terms of their perceived quality. Our simulation results turned out that Multi-layer data partitioning technique shows a better performance at higher error rates with different GOP. Further experiments in this work have shown the effects of GOP in terms of visual quality and bitrate for different multiview video sequences.
The Community College Conscience: Service-Learning and Training Tomorrow's Teachers. Issue Paper.

Across the landscape of American higher education, one senses the increasing intellectual colonization of higher education by advocates of accountability and gurus of management. Business and private-sector terms, such as "risk taking," "restructuring," "client focused" and "responsive to market demands" weave their way through what many call the "creeping vocationalism" of higher education. At the same time, universities, colleges, nonprofit organizations and private business extol the virtues of thoughtful "mission statements" designed to focus energy and activities within the organization and represent the organization to its "clientele. " Rarely, however, does one hear about or challenge the "conscience" of organizations in relation to the communities they serve. The conscience of America's community colleges is one area that needs to be examined. For example, one of the major challenges confronting America's communities is school reform. How has the community college movement responded? When U.S. Secretary of Education Richard Riley called for two million new teachers over the next 10 years, did community colleges rise to the challenge? Have they responded to the teacher shortage with the same enthusiasm and resources as they have to meeting the shortage of technology workers? More seriously, are community colleges truly addressing community needs, or are they catering to a corporate agenda?
Mitigating and Monitoring Program Security Vulnerabilities Area : Software Security

Today's programs are implemented in a variety of languages and contain serious vulnerabilities which can be exploited to cause security breaches. These vulnerabilities have been exploited in real life and resulted in damages to related stakeholders such as program users. As most vulnerabilities belong to program code, many techniques have been applied to mitigate vulnerabilities before and after program deployment. Unfortunately, there is no comprehensive comparative analysis of different vulnerability mitigation works. As a result, there exists an obscure mapping between the techniques, the addressed vulnerabilities, and the limitations of different approaches. This paper attempts to address these issues. The paper extensively compares and contrasts the existing program security vulnerability mitigation (testing, static analysis, and hybrid analysis) and monitoring techniques. We also discuss other techniques employed to mitigate the most common program security vulnerabilities: secure programming, patching, and program transformation. The survey provides a comprehensive understanding of the current program vulnerability mitigation approaches and challenges as well as their key characteristics and limitations. Moreover, our discussion highlights the open issues and future research directions in the area of program security vulnerability mitigation and monitoring.
A Hybrid Information Filtering Model

To address the issues that user evaluation data is extremely sparse, the user-accessing matrix based on Web log mining is established, which takes the frequencies of user accessing, browsing time and the length of the pages into consideration. Furthermore, a novel collaborative filtering algorithm based on Web page rating prediction is proposed. This method predicts Web page ratings that users have not rated by the similarity of Web page, and uses the correlative similarity measure to find the target users' neighbors. Eventually, a hybrid-filtering model is proposed to overcome the drawbacks of the content-based filtering and the collaborative filtering models. The experimental results show that the hybrid-filtering model can efficiently cope with the faults of traditional filtering models and greatly improve the recommendation quality
Who Commits Virtual Identity Suicide? Differences in Privacy Concerns, Internet Addiction, and Personality Between Facebook Users and Quitters

Social networking sites such as Facebook attract millions of users by offering highly interactive social communications. Recently, a counter movement of users has formed, deciding to leave social networks by quitting their accounts (i.e., virtual identity suicide). To investigate whether Facebook quitters (n=310) differ from Facebook users (n=321), we examined privacy concerns, Internet addiction scores, and personality. We found Facebook quitters to be significantly more cautious about their privacy, having higher Internet addiction scores, and being more conscientious than Facebook users. The main self-stated reason for committing virtual identity suicide was privacy concerns (48 percent). Although the adequacy of privacy in online communication has been questioned, privacy is still an important issue in online social communications.
Task-Specific Response Strategy Selection on the Basis of Recent Training Experience

The goal of training is to produce learning for a range of activities that are typically more general than the training task itself. Despite a century of research, predicting the scope of learning from the content of training has proven extremely difficult, with the same task producing narrowly focused learning strategies in some cases and broadly scoped learning strategies in others. Here we test the hypothesis that human subjects will prefer a decision strategy that maximizes performance and reduces uncertainty given the demands of the training task and that the strategy chosen will then predict the extent to which learning is transferable. To test this hypothesis, we trained subjects on a moving dot extrapolation task that makes distinct predictions for two types of learning strategy: a narrow model-free strategy that learns an input-output mapping for training stimuli, and a general model-based strategy that utilizes humans' default predictive model for a class of trajectories. When the number of distinct training trajectories is low, we predict better performance for the mapping strategy, but as the number increases, a predictive model is increasingly favored. Consonant with predictions, subject extrapolations for test trajectories were consistent with using a mapping strategy when trained on a small number of training trajectories and a predictive model when trained on a larger number. The general framework developed here can thus be useful both in interpreting previous patterns of task-specific versus task-general learning, as well as in building future training paradigms with certain desired outcomes.