Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The P-body component USP52/PAN2 is a novel regulator of HIF1A mRNA stability

HIF1A (hypoxia-inducible factor 1α) is the master regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia and is implicated in cancer progression. Whereas the regulation of HIF1A protein in response to oxygen is well characterized, less is known about the fate of HIF1A mRNA. In the present study, we have identified the pseudo-DUB (deubiquitinating enzyme)/deadenylase USP52 (ubiquitin-specific protease 52)/PAN2 [poly(A) nuclease 2] as an important regulator of the HIF1A-mediated hypoxic response. Depletion of USP52 reduced HIF1A mRNA and protein levels and resulted in reduced expression of HIF1A-regulated hypoxic targets due to a 3′-UTR (untranslated region)-dependent poly(A)-tail-length-independent destabilization in HIF1A mRNA. MS analysis revealed an association of USP52 with several P-body (processing body) components and we confirmed further that USP52 protein and HIF1A mRNA co-localized with cytoplasmic P-bodies. Importantly, P-body dispersal by knockdown of GW182 or LSM1 resulted in a reduction of HIF1A mRNA levels. These data uncover a novel role for P-bodies in regulating HIF1A mRNA stability, and demonstrate that USP52 is a key component of P-bodies required to prevent HIF1A mRNA degradation.
Meeting the Challenges of Intensive Parenting Culture: Gender, Risk Management and the Moral Parent

In recent years, academics have shown interest in the phenomenon of intensive parenting, which has predominantly focused on mothers as primary caregivers. In this article we seek to move beyond approaches which invoke a maternal lens in order to consider fathers’ experience of intensive parenting in relation to their lives with partners. Drawing on data from a qualitative longitudinal study of men over the transition to fatherhood we explore men’s experiences of the benefits and challenges of an intensive parenting approach. Despite increased involvement in childcare, men appear to be relatively insulated against the demands of intensive parenting, describing the importance of autonomous decision-making over following expert advice. However, this article considers the way in which other aspects of contemporary parenting may be experienced more intensively by men, pointing to gender differentiation in risks related to a moral parenthood identity.
A Multifaceted Perspective at Data Analysis: A Study in Collaborative Intelligent Agents $^{\ast}$

Multiagent systems are inherently associated with their distributivity, which enforces a great deal of communication mechanisms. To effectively arrive at meaningful solutions in a vast array of problem-solving tasks, it becomes imperative to establish a sound machinery of reconciling findings which might form partial solutions to an overall problem. In this paper, we focus on a broad category of problems of collaborative data analysis realized by a collection of agents having access to their individual data and exchanging findings through their collaboration activities. Such problems of data analysis arise in the context of building a global view at a certain phenomenon (process) by viewing it from different perspectives (and thus engaging various collections of attributes by various agents). Our goal is to develop some interaction between the agents so that they could form an overall perspective, where the knowledge available locally is shared and reconciled. The underlying format of knowledge built by the agents is that of information granules and fuzzy sets in particular. We develop a comprehensive optimization scheme and discuss its two-phase nature in which the communication phase of the granular findings intertwines with the local optimization being realized by the agents at the level of the individual datasite and exploits the evidence collected from other sites. We show how the mechanism of fuzzy granulation realized in the form of a well-known fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering can be augmented to support collaborative activities required by the agents. For this purpose, we introduce augmented versions of the original objective function used in the FCM and derive algorithmic details. We also discuss an issue of optimizing the strength of collaborative linkages, so that the reconciled findings attain the highest level of consistency (agreement). The presented experimental studies include some synthetic data and selected data sets coming from the Machine Learning repository.
The 1994 Mexican Elections: Manifestation of a Divided Society?

Mexico's 1994 federal elections received unprecedented scrutiny from Mexican citizens' groups, international observers, and the press, both domestic and foreign, and with good reason. The highly contested 1988 presidential elections produced a president whose legitimacy was in question even before he took office. That president, Carlos Salinas de Gortari, then embarked on the most drastic change in socioeconomic development strategy of Mexico since the 1930s, if not since the Revolution itself. His neoliberal economic policies, crowned by the conclusion of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), led many Mexicans to a prosperity not before known in Mexico and caused many others to bear a burden of adjustment that meant a dramatic lowering in their quality of life and an uncertainty about their future. The events of the first months of 1994, the rebellion in Chiapas and the assassination of presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio, Salinas's chosen successor, suggested a society deeply divided about its future and more inclined to the use of violence than at any time since the 1920s. Opinion polls repeatedly indicated that nearly a majority of citizens even doubted the integrity of the electoral process.1 Much was at stake when Mexicans cast their ballots on August 21, 1994. At first glance, the electoral results suggest little change in Mexico. Ernesto Zedillo, presidential candidate of the ruling Partido
District Central Office Leadership as Teaching

Purpose: Research on educational leadership underscores the importance of principals operating as instructional leaders and intensive job-embedded supports for such work; this research also identifies central office staff as key support providers. However, it teaches little about what central office staff do when they provide such support and how to distinguish what they do as more or less supportive of principals’ development as instructional leaders. This article addresses that gap with findings from an in-depth comparative case study of the work practices of executive-level central office staff in three districts dedicated to providing instructional leadership support to principals. Research Design: The conceptual framework drawn from sociocultural and cognitive learning theories identifies practices that deepen professional practice in authentic work settings. Data came from 283 interviews and approximately 265 observation hours and 200 documents. Findings: Departing from other studies that do not empirically elaborate central office work practices or that call generally for central office leadership, this analysis identified specific practices of central office administrators consistent with helping principals learn to strengthen their instructional leadership. These practices anchor a conception of central office staff in these roles as teachers of principals’ instructional leadership. Key mediators of their work included their own conceptions of their roles and their opportunities to consult with colleagues, among other conditions. Conclusions: Advancing such work in practice and building knowledge about it in research will require significant shifts throughout school district systems and new approaches to the study of educational leadership.
Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour regarding breast cancer screening among women from different socio-economic regions in southwest China: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND In most developed countries, breast cancer screening (BCS) is a well-established practice which is widely accepted by women. In contrast, national BCS projects in China were only launched in the last two years, so little is known about their public response. METHODS We surveyed 1,162 Chinese women from different socio-economic regions in Sichuan Province to assess participants' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour regarding BCS. ANOVA/t-test, Chi-square test, SNK test, and covariance analyses were used to compare subgroups and a multinomial logistic regression model was adopted to examine factors associated with BCS attendance. RESULTS Statistically significant differences in scores of BCS knowledge were seen across regions. Most women from all four regions were interested in knowing the risk factors for (1,053, 90.6%) and means of prevention (912, 78.5%) of breast cancer. Eight hundred thirty-seven (72.0%) women expressed willingness to pay extra insurance fees when young in exchange for reimbursement for cancer screening when they reached the age at which screening is recommended. Approval of primary medical institutions was generally low. Regional socio-economic level, work status, and education were strong predictors of BCS attendance. CONCLUSION To eliminate geographic disparities and raise the participation rate of BCS, future health education should be adjusted to local conditions and strengthened for women in under-developed regions. Incorporating BCS into a regular program of community-based prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases, and increasing medical insurance funds to cover BCS, especially in rural areas, may be effective means to increase BCS attendance.
Estresse e hardiness entre residentes multiprofissionais de uma universidade pública

Aim: to verify the association between stress and Hardiness among Multidisciplinary Residents of a Rio Grande do Sul public University. Method: this is an analytical, cross-sectional and quantitative study. We applied a sociodemographic data form, the Work Stress Scale and Hardiness Scale in 37 residents between April and June 2011. P values <0,05 were considered significant. Results: we observed that 51,35% of residents presented low stress and 48,65% high stress. Hardiness Personality was observed in 24,32% of professionals, and, of these, 21,62% had low stress intensity. There was significant and negative correlation (p = 0,001, r = - 0,5105) between Hardiness and stress intensity. Conclusions: these results confirm the hypothesis that Hardy individuals have lower stress intensity. We suggest the development of strategies to promote Hardiness considering its benefits to the resident’s health.
Mentoring Needs of Female, Minority, and International Graduate Students: A content analysis of academic research guides and related print material

A content analysis was conducted of 22 top-selling academic research guides and other print material about writing dissertations and supervising doctoral students to determine the extent to which they identified needs unique to female, minority, and international students and what types of advice were given regarding those needs. Literature review guided construction of the coding protocol. Results indicated that the works examined in this content analysis rarely identified those unique needs. All but two of those that did were published in Great Britain, where institutional and financial pressures have been applied to improving doctoral study. Findings reveal a possible training deficit for faculty as well as for students.
Effects of chronic alcohol treatment on acoustic startle reactivity during withdrawal and subsequent alcohol intake in high and low alcohol drinking rats.

AIMS The purpose of the present study is to determine whether the inverse genetic association between alcohol withdrawal magnitude and genetic propensity for alcohol drinking that we have previously identified in alcohol-naive rats given alcohol acutely, would also be seen following chronic alcohol exposure. The effect of forced, chronic alcohol treatment on subsequent voluntary alcohol drinking was also examined. METHODS Male rats from the high alcohol drinking (HAD2) and low alcohol drinking (LAD2) lines received two intragastric (IG) infusions of alcohol (3.0 g/kg BW; 25% v/v) or an equal volume of water, separated by 5 h, every day for 20 consecutive days (chronic alcohol treatment). Acoustic startle reactivity was assessed at 10, 14, and 18 h after the second infusion on days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20. After acoustic startle testing was completed, all rats received two IG infusions of 3.0 g alcohol/kg BW, separated by 5 h, and blood alcohol content was assessed at 10, 14, and 18 h after the second alcohol infusion. All rats were then given a 24 h free-choice between alcohol and water for 8 weeks. RESULTS Startle magnitude to a 120 dB tone was suppressed during alcohol withdrawal in both alcohol-treated HAD2 and LAD2 rats after 5, 10, and 15 days of alcohol treatment. Forced, chronic alcohol treatment produced metabolic tolerance in both the HAD2 and LAD2 lines and significantly suppressed subsequent voluntary alcohol intake in rats of the HAD2 line. CONCLUSIONS Reduced acoustic startle reactivity during alcohol withdrawal in both HAD2 and LAD2 rats is consistent with our previous findings in the HAD2 but not the LAD2 line and may reflect reduced CNS excitability during withdrawal from forced alcohol exposure. Forced alcohol exposure robustly retarded the expression of a genetic predisposition toward alcohol drinking in rats selectively bred for high alcohol intake.
The boat hull model: adapting the roofline model to enable performance prediction for parallel computing

Multi-core and many-core were already major trends for the past six years, and are expected to continue for the next decades. With these trends of parallel computing, it becomes increasingly difficult to decide on which architecture to run a given application. In this work, we use an algorithm classification to predict performance prior to algorithm implementation. For this purpose, we modify the roofline model to include class information. In this way, we enable architectural choice through performance prediction prior to the development of architecture specific code. The new model, the boat hull model, is demonstrated using a GPU as a target architecture. We show for 6 example algorithms that performance is predicted accurately without requiring code to be available.
High-Resolution Genomic Copy Number Profiling of Glioblastoma Multiforme by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism DNA Microarray

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an extremely malignant brain tumor. To identify new genomic alterations in GBM, genomic DNA of tumor tissue/explants from 55 individuals and 6 GBM cell lines were examined using single nucleotide polymorphism DNA microarray (SNP-Chip). Further gene expression analysis relied on an additional 56 GBM samples. SNP-Chip results were validated using several techniques, including quantitative PCR (Q-PCR), nucleotide sequencing, and a combination of Q-PCR and detection of microsatellite markers for loss of heterozygosity with normal copy number [acquired uniparental disomy (AUPD)]. Whole genomic DNA copy number in each GBM sample was profiled by SNP-Chip. Several signaling pathways were frequently abnormal. Either the p16(INK4A)/p15(INK4B)-CDK4/6-pRb or p14(ARF)-MDM2/4-p53 pathways were abnormal in 89% (49 of 55) of cases. Simultaneous abnormalities of both pathways occurred in 84% (46 of 55) samples. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway was altered in 71% (39 of 55) GBMs either by deletion of PTEN or amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor and/or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor/platelet-derived growth factor receptor α. Deletion of chromosome 6q26-27 often occurred (16 of 55 samples). The minimum common deleted region included PARK2, PACRG, QKI, and PDE10A genes. Further reverse transcription Q-PCR studies showed that PARK2 expression was decreased in another collection of GBMs at a frequency of 61% (34 of 56) of samples. The 1p36.23 region was deleted in 35% (19 of 55) of samples. Notably, three samples had homozygous deletion encompassing this site. Also, a novel internal deletion of a putative tumor suppressor gene, LRP1B, was discovered causing an aberrant protein. AUPDs occurred in 58% (32 of 55) of the GBM samples and five of six GBM cell lines. A common AUPD was found at chromosome 17p13.3-12 (included p53 gene) in 13 of 61 samples and cell lines. Single-strand conformational polymorphism and nucleotide sequencing showed that 9 of 13 of these samples had homozygous p53 mutations, suggesting that mitotic recombination duplicated the abnormal p53 gene, probably providing a growth advantage to these cells. A significantly shortened survival time was found in patients with 13q14 (RB) deletion or 17p13.1 (p53) deletion/AUPD. Taken together, these results suggest that this technique is a rapid, robust, and inexpensive method to profile genome-wide abnormalities in GBM. (Mol Cancer Res 2009;7(5):665–77)
A Genetic Algorithm based Solution to the Teaching Assignment Problem

Allocation of educators to diverse and rapidly evolving educational programmes of study such as those within Computing and under increasingly tighter budgetary constraints is a non-trivial task. Suitability and availability of expertise coupled with a need to limit disruption to existing teaching assignments can often result in first fit solutions that are less than optimal in terms of suitability. This system is highly sensitive to even small changes, which ripple out through assignments and make it a difficult problem for solution. This paper presents a methodology for profiling programmes of study and, by association, educator expertise that provides a basis for exploring a large number of potential teaching assignments utilising a genetic algorithm. The teaching assignment problem is exponential in problem size and is combinatorially large. Here, a genetic algorithm implementation generates teaching assignments and informs management decision making for continuity planning. The process rapidly achieved very good solutions to a difficult problem, informed scheduling for the coming academic year and determined the acquisition of educators from other areas where local expertise was insufficient for needs. General Terms Automated Teaching Assignment
Children's Affective Reactions and Coping under Threat of Uprooting

This study examines the response of children in the Golan Heights to the ambiguous situation during the continuing peace talks between Israel and Syria concerning a possible evacuation of the region's settlers. The study sample consisted of 218 fourth-grade children who responded to an adaptation of the Bar-Ilan Picture Test for Children (Itskovitz and Strauss, 1982, 1986). The results suggest that social support, defensiveness, religion and living in smaller settlements predicted better coping, whereas less social support and high emotional expressiveness predicted greater anxiety. The implications of these findings for school psychologists are discussed.
Bacterial Cell Surface Display of an Enzyme Library for Selective Screening of Improved Cellulase Variants

ABSTRACT The bacterial surface display method was used to selectively screen for improved variants of carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase). A library of mutated CMCase genes generated by DNA shuffling was fused to the ice nucleation protein (Inp) gene so that the resulting fusion proteins would be displayed on the bacterial cell surface. Some cells displaying mutant proteins grew more rapidly on carboxymethyl cellulose plates than controls, forming heterogeneous colonies. In contrast, cells displaying the nonmutated parent CMCase formed uniform tiny colonies. These variations in growth rate were assumed to result from altered availability of glucose caused by differences in the activity of variant CMCases at the cell surface. Staining assays indicate that large, rapidly growing colonies have increased CMCase activity. Increased CMCase activity was confirmed by assaying the specific activities of cell extracts after the expression of unfused forms of the variant genes in the cytoplasm. The best-evolved CMCases showed about a 5- and 2.2-fold increase in activity in the fused and free forms, respectively. Sequencing of nine evolved CMCase variant genes showed that most amino acid substitutions occurred within the catalytic domain of the enzyme. These results demonstrate that the bacterial surface display of enzyme libraries provides a direct way to correlate evolved enzyme activity with cell growth rates. This technique will provide a useful technology platform for directed evolution and high-throughput screening of industrial enzymes, including hydrolases.
Testing and Verifying Concurrent Objects

Abstract A concurrent object is a data structure shared by concurrent processes. We present a two-pronged approach for establishing the correctness of implementations of concurrent objects. Our approach is based on a notion of correctness called linearizability : each concurrent object has a sequential specification, which describes how it behaves in sequential executions. Each concurrent execution is required to be equivalent to some sequential execution. We advocate using both testing and verification as complementary approaches for showing a concurrent object is linearizable. We first describe a simulation environment for simulating, testing, and analyzing implementations of concurrent objects. We can use the simulator to gain assurance that an implementation is correct or to detect errors in an incorrect one. The simulator provides a systematic way to testing implementations of any data type. Whereas testing is useful in practice, verification is more definitive. We provide a library of verified concurrent objects; specifically, we give the specifications, implementations, and proofs of correctness for the FIFO queue, semiqueue, and stuttering queue data types. Implementors of objects of other data types can use our library by following the patterns of design and proof that we give; at the same time, clients of our library need not reimplement commonly used abstractions from scratch and are freed from the tedium of their verification.
Kinetic Imaginations: Exploring the Possibilities of Combining AI and Dance

This paper presents an interdisciplinary project which aims at cross-fertilizing dance with artificial intelligence. It utilizes AI as an approach to explore and unveil new territories of possible dance movements. Statistical analyzes of recorded human dance movements provide the foundation for a system that learns poses from human dancers, extends them with novel variations and creates new movement sequences. The system provides dancers with a tool for exploring possible movements and finding inspiration from motion sequences generated automatically in real time in the form of an improvising avatar. Experiences of bringing the avatar to the studio as a virtual dance partner indicate the usefulness of the software as a tool for kinetic exploration. In addition to these artistic results, the experiments also raise questions about how AI generally relates to artistic agency and creativity. Is the improvising avatar truly creative, or is it merely some kind of extension of the dancer or the AI researcher? By analyzing the developed platform as a framework for exploration of conceptual movement spaces, and by considering the interaction between dancer, researcher and software, some possible interpretations of this particular kind of creative process can be offered.
Countercontrol: A New Look at Some Old Problems

Countercontrol can explain many of the difficulties teachers sometimes have controlling the behavior of students. Despite the potential seriousness of the topic, it is rarely discussed. In this article, the authors describe countercontrol through the use of examples and briefly discuss a large study of countercontrol that was conducted with school students and their teachers. The results of the study suggest possible characteristics of teachers who are countercontrolled and students who countercontrol. Finally, possible courses of action are considered so educators can reduce the extent to which countercontrol occurs.