Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The More You Spend, the More You Get? The Effects of R&D and Capital Expenditures on the Patenting Activities of Biotechnology Firms - IPTS WORKING PAPER on CORPORATE R&D AND INNOVATION - No. 6/2010

This paper provides evidence on the mechanisms influencing the patent output of a sample of biotechnology firms from the input of indirect knowledge acquired from capital expenditure and direct knowledge from in-house R&D. Statistical models of counts are used to analyse the relationship between patent applications and R&D and capital expenditure. It focuses on biotechnology in the period 2002-2007 and is based on a unique data set drawn from various sources including the EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard, the European Patent Office (EPO), the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), and the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO/PCT). The statistical models employed in the paper are Poisson distribution generalisations with the actual distribution of patent counts fitting the negative binomial distribution and gamma distribution very well. Findings support the idea that capital expenditure – taken as equivalent to technological change embodied in new machinery and capital equipment may also play a crucial role in the development of new patentable items from scientific companies. For EPO patents, this role appears even more important than that played by R&D expenditure. The overall picture emerging from our analysis of the determinants of patenting in biotechnology is that the innovation process involves a well balanced combination of inputs from both R&D and new machinery and capital equipment. The mission of the Joint Research Centre is to provide customer-driven scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of European Union policies. As a service of the European Commission, the Joint Research Centre functions as a reference centre of science and technology for the Union. Close to the policy-making process, it serves the common interest of the Member States, while being independent of special interests, whether private or national. LF-N E -2325-E N -C
Cross-Channel Transport in the Upper Delaware Estuary: Numerical Experiments for Contamination Vulnerability Assessment

Cross-Channel Transport in the Upper Delaware Estuary: Numerical Experiments for Contamination Vulnerability Assessment Philip J. Duzinski Michael Piasecki, Ph.D. This research employs a model to examine the potential for material transport across the channel of the upper, non-saline tidal Delaware River in Philadelphia and vicinity. Numerical experiments were designed to explore the possible dynamics of tidally-driven transverse transport, and the potential implications for the Baxter drinking water intake of pollutant sources such as the discharge of a local stream. A 2-D hydrodynamic model was used to investigate the lateral velocity structure in a 2 km domain adjacent to the intake. This analysis reveals that interactions between the barotropic tidal flows and the complex bathymetry and shoreline in that domain produce shears that are capable of generating subtidal lateral velocities on the order of 50% of the longitudinal subtidal flow. In addition, this research found that non-linear interactions between the tidal advective flow and the bathymetry and shoreline produce a protective velocity structure in the lateral cross section adjacent to the Baxter intake, which, under low flow conditions, would take an opposing wind speed of 10 kmh-1 [6 mph] to reverse this structure, and for a 10-year return flow event would take a wind speed of 96 kmh-1 [60 mph].
Combination of surface and borehole seismic data for robust target-oriented imaging

A novel application of seismic interferometry (SI) and Marchenko imaging using both surface and borehole data is presented. A series of redatuming schemes is proposed to combine both data sets for robust deep local imaging in the presence of velocity uncertainties. The redatuming schemes create a virtual acquisition geometry where both sources and receivers lie at the horizontal borehole level, thus only a local velocity model near the borehole is needed for imaging, and erroneous velocities in the shallow area have no effect on imaging around the borehole level. By joining the advantages of SI and Marchenko imaging, a macrovelocity model is no longer required and the proposed schemes use only single-component data. Furthermore, the schemes result in a set of virtual data that have fewer spurious events and internal multiples than previous virtual source redatuming methods. Two numerical examples are shown to illustrate the workflow and to demonstrate the benefits of the method. One is a synthetic model and the other is a realistic model of a field in the North Sea. In both tests, improved local images near the boreholes are obtained using the redatumed data without accurate velocities, because the redatumed data are close to the target.
A comprehensive graph of the essential diagnostics of the nummulites

In anticipation of a condensed standard description of the Nummulites species in general, this article proposes a more extensive use of the graphic presentation of essential diagnostic features of the equatorial section of the microspheric generation. The comprehensive graph in question consists of four curves: 1) the well-known winding curve (connecting the radii of the successive whorls), which roughly reflects the opening step of the spire; 2) the file of the numbers of chambers per whorl on the same scale of whorls; 3) the height of the chamber lumen; and 4) this same height plus the thickness of the spiral cord or lamina. The latter two curves, representing an analysis of the spiral step, confine an irregular ribbon which delineates the thickness of the spinal cord or lamina over the whole spire. The combination of four curves over the same abscissa unveils certain breaks and trends in the course of the spire (or the course of the specimen9s life) which hitherto remained unrecorded.
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: We examine the relationship between entrepreneurship and occupational licensure using data on the universe of over 700,000 tax preparers in the U.S. While extant research focuses on the downsides of occupational licensure for entrepreneurs, we argue that licensure may allow entrepreneurs to signal quality and may enhance their legitimacy. States with licensure have higher average rates of entrepreneurship—approximated by tax practice ownership—and, in high-income ZIP codes, more demand for paid preparer services. In our analysis of the introduction of a federal license in tax preparation in 2013, voluntary early adoption of the announced license among entrepreneurs predicts lower exit rates. Entrepreneurs are less likely to adopt the license early than non-entrepreneurs, unless they lack substitute state-level credentials. Our results thus suggest that licensure represents a trade-off for entrepreneurs between the costs of compliance and the benefits of signaling quality and legitimacy.
6 Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Data in Optimizing Pharmacotherapy of Antiepileptic Drugs

Katarina Vučićević1, Branislava Miljković1, Sandra Vezmar Kovačević1, Zoran Todorović2, Milica Prostran2 and Iztok Grabnar3 1Department of Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 2Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 3Chair of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1,2Serbia 3Slovenia
Oxylipin channeling in Nicotiana attenuata: Lipoxygenase 2 supplies substrates for green leaf volatile production

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File Ox Oy Oz Number of Organizations f 1 Create Modify Modify 3 f 2 Create Modify 2 f 3 Create Modify 2 f 4 Create 1

Previous studies have researched how developer experience affects code quality, but difficulty was ignored although experienced developers are more likely to work on more complex parts of a project. We examine work difficulty by focusing on revised files. Using product metrics, we evaluate file complexity for each type of file origin. Specifically, we analyze three large commercial projects (each with about 250,000 LOC) executed by the same organization to analyze the relationship between previous project experience and developer’s work. Although experienced developers do not necessarily work on more complicated files, they introduce fewer defects, especially if the difference in work difficulty is not significant.
Morphometric Relationships and Catch Composition of Wobbegong Sharks (Chondrichthyes: Orectolobus) Commercially Fished in New South Wales, Australia

Wobbegongs (Orectolobiformes) are commercially targeted in New South Wales, Australia. Catches have declined approximately 60% in a decade, leading to concerns over the fishery's sustainability. However, length and weight composition of the catch is unknown as carcasses are trunked (i.e. beheaded and eviscerated) before landing. We provide parameters for length-length, weight-weight and weight-length relationships to convert carcass length and carcass weight measurements to total lengths and total weights used in fisheries assessments. Neonates and small juveniles were conspicuously absent in the lengthfrequency distributions of all three species, suggesting the potential existence of nursery areas not available to the commercial fishery.
UNIVERSITY OF DORTMUND REIHE COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH CENTER 531 Design and Management of Complex Technical Processes and Systems by means of Computational Intelligence Methods Design and Analysis of an Asymmetric Mutation Operator

Evolutionary algorithms as general randomized search heuristics typically perform a random search that is biased only by the fitness of the search points encountered. In practical applications the use of biased variation operators suggested by problem-specific knowledge may speed-up the search considerably. Problems defined over bit strings of finite length often have the property that good solutions have only very few one-bits or very few zero-bits. Here, one specific mutation operator that is tailored towards such situations is defined and analyzed. The assets and drawbacks of this mutation operator are discussed. This is done by presenting analytical results on illustrative example functions as well as on function classes.
Application of a tailor-made polymer as a selective and sensitive colorimetric sensor for reliable detection of trace levels of uranyl ions in complex matrices

In this study, a new colorimetric chemosensor based on ion imprinted polymer nanoparticles was designed for quantitative detection of uranyl ions at trace levels in environmental water samples. The removal and pre-concentration of uranyl ions using the synthesized imprinted polymer was performed under optimized conditions and the color of the sorbent changed from yellow to violet. UO22+-imprinted polymer nanoparticles were synthesized by a precipitation polymerization technique. The sorbent was characterized using solid state UV-vis analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis (CHN) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR). The color change provides a simple, rapid and reliable method for the sensitive and selective visual detection of trace levels of uranyl ions without the need of sophisticated instruments. The color of the sorbent in the absence and presence of uranyl ions shifts from yellow to violet. The method detection limit of the synthesized chemo-sensor for uranyl ions was 0.0005 ppm. The method was successfully applied for trace detection of uranyl ions in distilled, tap, Caspian Sea and Persian Gulf water samples.
Sigmod Officers, Committees, and Awardees Chair Vice-chair Secretary/treasurer Sigmod Executive Committee: Advisory Board: Information Director, Sigmod Disc and Sigmod Anthology Editor: Associate Information Directors: Sigmod Record Editor-in-chief: Sigmod Record Associate Editors: Awards Committee:

Deco is a comprehensive system for answering declarative queries posed over stored relational data together with data obtained on-demand from the crowd. In this overview paper, we describe Deco’s data model, query language, and system prototype, summarizing material from earlier papers. Deco’s data model was designed to be general, flexible, and principled. Deco’s query language extends SQL with simple constructs necessary for crowdsourcing, and has a precise semantics for arbitrary queries. Deco’s query execution engine and cost-based query optimizer incorporate many novel techniques to address the limitations of traditional query processing techniques in the crowdsourcing setting. Query processing is guided by the objective of minimizing monetary cost and reducing latency.
Effects of a Pleasant Ambient Fragrance on Simulated Driving Performance: The Sweet Smell of … Safety?

Eighty undergraduates performed a simulated driving task that required them to keep a moving target within defined boundaries (compensatory tracking); they also performed this task while responding to randomly occurring visual stimuli (stop signs). They performed these tasks in the presence or absence of a pleasant fragrance and after receiving or not receiving a small gift. A significant Fragrance x Gift interaction indicated that performance on both tasks was significantly enhanced by pleasant fragrance but only when participants did not also receive a gift. A main effect of gift condition indicated that performance on both tasks was significantly reduced by receipt of a small gift. In a follow-up study, 5 minutes of exposure to a pleasant fragrance was found to produce significant increments in participants' positive affect and alertness. Results were interpreted as suggesting that in the absence of other sources of positive affect, exposure to a pleasant fragrance can enhance some aspects of driving p.
Chinese Whispers - an Efficient Graph Clustering Algorithm and its Application to Natural Language Processing Problems

We introduce Chinese Whispers, a randomized graph-clustering algorithm, which is time-linear in the number of edges. After a detailed definition of the algorithm and a discussion of its strengths and weaknesses, the performance of Chinese Whispers is measured on Natural Language Processing (NLP) problems as diverse as language separation, acquisition of syntactic word classes and word sense disambiguation. At this, the fact is employed that the small-world property holds for many graphs in NLP.
WORKING PAPERS Asymmetric Pass-Through in U . S . Gasoline Prices

This paper presents new evidence of asymmetric pass-through, the notion that upward cost shocks are passed through faster than downward cost shocks, in U.S. gasoline prices. Much of the extant literature comes to seemingly contradictory conclusions about the existence of an asymmetry, though the differences may be due to different aggregation (both over time and geographic markets) and the use of different price series including crude oil, wholesale, and retail gasoline prices. I utilize a large and detailed dataset to determine where evidence of a pass-through asymmetry exists, and how it depends on the aggregation and price series chosen by the researcher. Using the standard error correction model, I find evidence of pass-through asymmetry in the response of daily and weekly retail prices to wholesale rack price changes, though the magnitude varies by geographic market. On average, retail prices rise more than four times as fast as they fall. Branded gasoline features significantly more asymmetry with respect to rack prices compared with unbranded gasoline. Over time, nation-wide asymmetry varies significantly from year to year peaking in 2005. Midwest cities, like Louisville and Minneapolis, feature more asymmetry compared with other parts of the country. F-tests broadly confirm the results and illustrate that data selection and aggregation, as well as model specification, can have important implications on the findings of asymmetric passthrough.
Climate Campaigns, Cap and Trade, and Carbon Leakage: Why Trying to Reduce Your Carbon Footprint Can Harm the Climate

Governments and environmental NGOs campaign for carbon footprint reductions by households. Many of the behavioral changes recommended reduce demand for goods produced by sectors covered by cap-and-trade schemes. With a binding cap, greenhouse gas emissions from those sectors do not change. I show that climate campaigns create leakage effects if coverage of cap-and-trade schemes is incomplete. Campaigns that shift demand away from sectors subject to a cap increase aggregate emissions, as do campaigns to reduce carbon footprints generally if the capped sectors are emission intensive. However, campaigns targeting sectors not covered by a cap-and-trade scheme or propagating retiring of emission allowances reduce emissions.
Rationality of Direct Tax Revenue Forecasts under Asymmetric Losses: Evidence from Swiss Cantons

The current debt crisis has shed light on the importance of accurate fiscal forecasts. In particular, the accuracy of revenue forecasts is central since they set the limit within which expenditure should remain in order to reach fiscal balance. Therefore, forecasting tax revenue accurately is a key step in the implementation of sound fiscal policies. The current paper contributes to the empirical literature on budget predictions by providing new evidence about Swiss cantons. Using data from 26 Swiss cantons over 1944-2010, we apply the method developed by Elliott et al. (2005) to test the rationality of direct tax revenue forecasts. We mainly find that 1) when considering the percent forecast error, loss functions are asymmetric in a majority of cantons, 2) allowing for asymmetric losses, results of rationality tests are substantially altered in the sense that more cantons turn out to produce rational forecasts 3) when considering forecasts of growth rates, almost no evidence of asymmetric loss function is found and finally 4) forecasts of tax revenue growth rate turn out to be rational in a higher number of cantons than forecasts of levels of tax revenue.
UST Research Online UST Research Online

Extending the American Psychological Association (APA) report on the Sexualization of Girls, this study investigated how young women identified sources of coerced sex. Findings from three focus groups with 25 Black and White adolescent women uncovered a perceived overarching force that “pushed” them to have sex before they felt ready. Participants identified four domains of coerced sex: (a) Sociocultural Context, (b) Internalized Sexual Scripts, (c) Partner Manipulation of Sexual Scripts, and (d) Developmental Status. Coerced sex was a complex system consisting of cultural, peer, and internal messages that create pressures to engage in sexual activities. Future implications for research and practice are presented.
A pr 2 01 8 Symbolic local bifurcation analysis of scalar smooth maps

The local zero structure of a smooth map may qualitatively change, when the map is subjected to small perturbations. The changes may include births and/or deaths of zeros. The qualitative properties are defined as the invariances of an appropriate equivalence relation. The occurrence of a qualitative change in the zero structures is called a bifurcation and the map is named a singularity. The local bifurcation analysis of singularities has been extensively studied in singularity theory and many powerful algebraic tools have been developed for their study. However, there does not exist any symbolic computer-library for this purpose. We suitably generalize some powerful tools from algebraic geometry for correct implementation of the results from singularity theory. We provide some required criteria along with rigorous proofs for efficient and cognitive computer-implementation. We have accordingly developed a Maple end-user friendly library, named “Singularity”, for an efficient and complete local bifurcation analysis of real zeros of scalar smooth maps. We have further written a comprehensive userguide for Singularity. The main features of Singularity are briefly illustrated along with a few examples.
A continuous-time analog adaptive biquadratic filter : design, construction, and characterization

This thesis presents the design, layout, construction and characterization of a continuoustime analog adaptive biquadratic filter. After reviewing the Wiener-Hopf formula and the Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm to derive the update formulas, this thesis describes the design process by which the transfer function and update formulas were realized using discrete operational amplifiers, analog multipliers, capacitors and resistors. Block diagrams as well as the full schematics and layout drawings are included. The circuit was built up onto a tinned copper-clad ground plane. The adaptive filter's performance was characterized using a two-channel synthesizer and a noise generator for the input stimulus, and monitoring the output with an oscilloscope and spectrum analyzer. Performance was excellent when the filter was required to follow a single-tone's amplitude and phase by adapting the zeroes of its transfer function. When adaptation of poles was required, the filter sometimes had trouble when there were not enough constraints. I determined that the circuitry adapted as well as it could, but would reach a local minimum, where the error was orthogonal to the signal. This is a common problem with IIR filters. The filter was able to duplicate the magnitude response of a reference filter when both were driven by a random noise source. 1.0 INTRODUCTION Adaptive filters are now a common building block in electronic signal processing systems. Digital adaptive filters of the finite impulse response (FIR) variety are dependable, robust, always stable, and not surprisingly the most frequently chosen. Infinite impulse response (UR) filters have a size advantage because they able to meet filter requirements with less stages than FIR filters, but require cautious application because they are not inherently stable. Analog signal processing is chosen over digital signal processing wherever its advantages of low power, low complexity, and high frequency may be put to use, including in adaptive filtering. Analog FIR filters in discrete as well as continuous time are now well known signal processing components. IIR continuous time analog adaptive filters have been simulated, but do not yet see widespread use. This thesis is about a continuous time analog IIR adaptive filter which uses the Modified Equation Error Algorithm as its adaptation process. This architecture has been simulated by James Little [1] and looks promising. My purpose in selecting this topic was to choose a learning vehicle with which I could tie in knowledge from previous engineering courses and take the learning process still further. The objective was to design, build, and characterize an IIR, continuous-time, analog adaptive filter with biquadratic transfer function: