Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coherence and Spin in GaAs Quantum Dots

This thesis describes a number of experiments performed in quantum dots as well as 2D systems fabricated in GaAs/AlGaAs 2D electron gases. The focus of the studies is set on spin, coherence and interaction effects of electrons in mesoscopic structures. Experiments investigating the rich physics of spin-orbit coupling in confined structures in presence of magnetic fields both perpendicular and parallel to the 2D plane, orbital effects of in-plane fields on average, variance and correlations of conductance as well as few electron physics focusing on the two electron system are presented. In situ control of spin-orbit coupling in coherent transport using a clean GaAs/AlGaAs 2DEG is realized, leading to a gate-tunable crossover from weak localization to antilocalization. The necessary theory of 2D magnetotransport in the presence of spin-orbit coupling beyond the diffusive approximation is developed and used to analyze experimental data. Spin-orbit coupling in ballistic GaAs quantum dots is investigated. Antilocalization that is prominent in large dots is suppressed in small dots, as anticipated theoretically. Effects of parallel fields on average and variance of conductance reflect novel spin-rotation symmetries, consistent with random matrix theory once orbital coupling of the parallel field is included. High sensitivity of mesoscopic conductance fluctuations to magnetic flux in large quantum dots is used to investigate changes in the two-dimensional electron dispersion caused by an in-plane magnetic field. In particular, changes in effective mass and the breaking of momentum reversal symmetry in the electron dispersion are extracted quantitatively from correlations of conductance fluctuations. New theory is presented, and good agreement
Impedance Circle Modeling and Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Contactless Energy Transfer System Under Load Variations in Rotary Ultrasonic Machining

In rotary ultrasonic machining, contactless energy transfer (CET) is developed to transmit energy to the transducer at the series resonant frequency or resonant frequency of the transducer. Specifically, during energy transmission, variations in working conditions such as variable axial forces will change the load of the transducer and introduce undesired dynamic effects into the CET system (CETS). In order to explore the connections between these variations and the working performance more directly and theoretically, a new theoretical model—CETS impedance circle is proposed in this article to reflect the CETS dynamic characteristics, including the CETS frequency characteristics and the relationships between CETS transfer performances at different frequencies under load variations. With the developed theoretical model, the effect of load variations on the trends of CETS impedance circle is investigated. Moreover, based on the impedance circle and its trends, the CETS frequency characteristics, the effect of primary series compensation, and a comparison of the transfer performances at the two working frequencies are theoretically studied. Finally, the CETS impedance circle theories are experimentally verified, and the experimental results are consistent with the analysis of the theoretical model.
Research on loan prediction based on interpretable machine learning

With the rise of personal loans, the rapid growth of bank profits, but also appear a lot of industry chaos: loan violations, fraud from time to time, to the bank and even the society caused huge losses. To solve this problem, many scholars use machine learning methods to predict loans and achieve good results, but these models are very lack of interpretability. Therefore, this paper makes use of the advantage that SHAP can explain machine learning models, and proposes an interpretability method of Xgboost model based on SHAP, which is experimentally verified on the open dataset of Lending Club. The results show that the ACC, Precision, Recall and F1 values of Xgboost model can reach 99.50%, 99.67%, 99.62% and 99.67%, respectively. SHAP can calculate the impact of each feature on the forecast result, which facilitates banks to improve work efficiency and relieve pressure.
Far-infrared pedestrian detection for advanced driver assistance systems using scene context

Abstract. Pedestrian detection is one of the most critical but challenging components in advanced driver assistance systems. Far-infrared (FIR) images are well-suited for pedestrian detection even in a dark environment. However, most current detection approaches just focus on pedestrian patterns themselves, where robust and real-time detection cannot be well achieved. We propose a fast FIR pedestrian detection approach, called MAP-HOGLBP-T, to explicitly exploit the scene context for the driver assistance system. In MAP-HOGLBP-T, three algorithms are developed to exploit the scene contextual information from roads, vehicles, and background objects of high homogeneity, and we employ the Bayesian approach to build a classifier learner which respects the scene contextual information. We also develop a multiframe approval scheme to enhance the detection performance based on spatiotemporal continuity of pedestrians. Our empirical study on real-world datasets has demonstrated the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method. The performance is shown to be better than that of state-of-the-art low-level feature-based approaches.
Needs of family members of patients in intensive care and their perception of medical communication

Objective To understand the perception of medical communication and needs of family members with loved ones in intensive care. Methods The study was mainly qualitative and exploratory, with thematic analysis of comments made by 92 family members with loved ones in intensive care units when answering in-person interviews comprising the Quality of Communication Questionnaire (QoC) and open-ended questions about their need for additional help, the appropriateness of the place where they received information, and additional comments. Results The participants’ mean age was 46.8 years (SD = 11.8), and most of them were female, married and had incomplete or completed elementary education. The following themes were found: perception of characteristics of medical communication; feelings generated by communication; considerations about specific questions in the QoC; family members’ needs; and strategies to overcome needs regarding communication. Characteristics that facilitated communication included attention and listening. Characteristics that made communication difficult included aspects of information sharing, such as inaccessible language; lack of clarity, objectivity, sincerity, and agreement among the team; limited time; and inadequate location. Feelings such as shame, helplessness, and sadness were cited when communication was inadequate. Family members’ needs related to communication included more details about the loved one’s diagnosis, prognosis, and health condition; participation in decisionmaking; and being asked about feelings, spirituality, dying and death. Others were related to longer visitation time, psychological support, social assistance, and better infrastructure. Conclusion It is necessary to enhance medical communication and improve hospital infrastructure to improve the quality of care for family members.
Influences of Weather Conditions, Natural Food Abundance, and the Spacing of Feeders on the Feeding-Table Use by Japanese Squirrels Sciurus lis in a Suburban Forest

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of seasonal and annual changes in weather conditions, natural food abundance (pine seeds), and the spacing of feeders on the use of walnuts on feeding tables by Japanese squirrels (Sciurus lis) in a suburban forest in Nagoya City, in summer (Jul–Aug) and autumn (Sep–Oct) from 2019 to 2021. Feeder-use increased in severe weather conditions, i.e., low temperature and heavy rain in both seasons, and decreased in summer of the year when pine-seeds were abundant. Feeders were used more in autumn for hoarding before the winter. The intervals among eight feeding tables were widened during the study from c. 100 m in 2019–2020 to c. 300 m in 2021. In the years when the feeders were placed at short intervals, we found two behavioral modifications due to the supplemental feeding: a concentrated distribution of many individuals in 2019 and exclusive occupation by a particular female in 2020. In contrast, in 2021 with the feeding tables placed at wider intervals, the distribution of individuals expanded over the entire study area, and the use of supplementary feeding decreased, while seed consumption increased.
The Quantification of Spike Proteins in the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines of the Prototype, Delta, and Omicron Variants by LC–MS

Developing variant vaccines or multivalent vaccines is a feasible way to address the epidemic as the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) posed an increased risk to global public health. The spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was usually used as the main antigen in many types of vaccines to produce neutralizing antibodies against the virus. However, the spike (S) proteins of different variants were only differentiated by a few amino acids, making it difficult to obtain specific antibodies that can distinguish different VOCs, thereby challenging the accurate distinction and quantification of the variants using immunological methods such as ELISA. Here, we established a method based on LC–MS to quantify the S proteins in inactivated monovalent vaccines or trivalent vaccines (prototype, Delta, and Omicron strains). By analyzing the S protein sequences of the prototype, Delta, and Omicron strains, we identified peptides that were different and specific among the three strains and synthesized them as references. The synthetic peptides were isotopically labeled as internal targets. Quantitative analysis was performed by calculating the ratio between the reference and internal target. The verification results have shown that the method we established had good specificity, accuracy, and precision. This method can not only accurately quantify the inactivated monovalent vaccine but also could be applied to each strain in inactivated trivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Hence, the LC–MS method established in this study can be applied to the quality control of monovalent and multivalent SARS-CoV-2 variation vaccines. By enabling more accurate quantification, it will help to improve the protection of the vaccine to some extent.
A Comparative Study of Long Short-Term Memory and Gated Recurrent Unit

replacement for long short term memory. This comparative study presented the performance difference between LSTM and GRU and their bi-directional-based neural networks when they face the task of classifying text data. The evaluation of Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) versus Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and their bi-directional versions were carried out on a task of a website based on its content. Our analysis showed that a gated recurrent unit (GRU) is a good substitute for long short-term memory for text data classification. The bi-directional GRU outperformed the bi-direction LSTM. We recommend a gated recurrent unit as a better alternative to Long Short Term Memory on text data classification.
Slots-Fed Polarization- and Pattern-Diversity Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna With High-Gain Characteristic

This letter proposes a high-gain polarization- and pattern-diversity dielectric resonator antenna (DRA). It makes use of the high-order HEM31δ and TE02δ+1 modes of the cylindrical DRA. To facilitate this diversity design, the dielectric waveguide model is applied to seek the solution for these two DRA modes. In the design, two sets of slot pairs completely underneath the DRA are employed to excite the HEM31δx and HEM31δy modes separately, which produces the polarization-diversity performance. When these two slot pairs (totally four slots) have equal-amplitude and in-phase inputs, the omnidirectional TE02δ+1 mode of the cylindrical DRA is excited, which combines with the previous broadside HEM31δ modes to obtain the pattern-diversity performance. For demonstrating the idea, a slots-fed polarization- and pattern-diversity cylindrical DRA made of K9 glass is designed for WLAN-5.8 GHz application. Measured result show the proposed DRA provides a peak gain of 6.02 dBi, which is a new high by compared with other reported polarization- and pattern-diversity DRAs. Besides, the proposed DRA is more appropriate for the microwave integrated circuit since only the planar slot-feeding is required.
Comparison of the Immune Effects of an mRNA Vaccine and a Subunit Vaccine against Herpes Zoster Administered by Different Injection Methods

Previous studies have shown that the herpes zoster subunit vaccine Shingrix™ performs well in clinical trials. However, the key ingredient in its adjuvant, QS21, is extracted from rare plants in South America, so vaccine production is limited. Compared with subunit vaccines, mRNA vaccines have the advantages of faster production and not requiring adjuvants, but currently, there is no authorized mRNA vaccine for herpes zoster. Therefore, this study focused on herpes zoster subunit and mRNA vaccines. We prepared a herpes zoster mRNA vaccine and compared the effects of vaccine type, immunization route, and adjuvant use on vaccine immunological efficacy. The mRNA vaccine was injected directly into mice via subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. The subunit vaccine was mixed with adjuvants before immunization. The adjuvants include B2Q or alum. B2Q is BW006S + 2395S + QS21. BW006S and 2395S are phosphodiester CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs). Then, we compared the cell-mediated immunity (CIM) and humoral immunity levels of the different groups of mice. The results showed that the immune responses of mice inoculated with the mRNA vaccine prepared in this study were not significantly different from those of mice inoculated with the protein subunit vaccine supplemented with the B2Q. The mRNA vaccine-induced immune responses following subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, and the different immunization routes did not lead to significant differences in immune response intensity. Similar results were also observed for the protein subunit vaccine adjuvanted with B2Q but not alum. The above results suggest that our experiment can provide a reference for the preparation of mRNA vaccines against herpes zoster and has certain reference significance for the selection of the immunization route; that is, there is no significant difference in the immune response caused by subcutaneous versus an intramuscular injection, so the injection route can be determined according to the actual situation of individuals.
A Further Look at Modified ML Estimation of the Panel AR(1) Model with Fixed Effects and Arbitrary Initial Conditions.

In this paper we consider two kinds of generalizations of Lancaster's (Review of Economic Studies, 2002) Modified ML estimator (MMLE) for the panel AR(1) model with fixed effects and arbitrary initial conditions and possibly covariates when the time dimension, T, is fixed. When the autoregressive parameter ρ=1, the limiting modified profile log-likelihood function for this model has a stationary point of inflection and ρ is first-order underidentified but second-order identified. We show that the generalized MMLEs exist w.p.a.1 and are uniquely defined w.p.1. and consistent for any value of ρ≥-1. When ρ=1, the rate of convergence of the MMLEs is N^{1/4}, where N is the cross-sectional dimension of the panel. We then develop an asymptotic theory for GMM estimators when one of the parameters is only second-order identified and use this to derive the limiting distributions of the MMLEs. They are generally asymmetric when ρ=1. One kind of generalized MMLE depends on a weight matrix W_{N} and we show that a suitable choice of W_{N} yields an asymptotically unbiased MMLE. We also show that Quasi LM tests that are based on the modified profile log-likelihood and use its expected rather than observed Hessian, with an additional modification for ρ=1, and confidence regions that are based on inverting these tests have correct asymptotic size in a uniform sense when |ρ|≤1. Finally, we investigate the finite sample properties of the MMLEs and the QLM test in a Monte Carlo study.
Gastrointestinal parasites of wild carnivores from conservation institutions in the Cerrado of Goiás, Brazil

Abstract Increased interaction between wild and urban environments owing to human population growth, increased anthropization of biomes, and habitat loss for wild animals increases the spread of infectious and parasitic agents. The present study reports on the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in carnivorous mammals at two conservation institutions in the state of Goiás, Brazil. Fecal samples from 39 adult carnivores were collected after spontaneous defecation and analyzed by flotation and sedimentation. The structure and management data of each institution were recorded. Parasitism prevalence, binomial confidence intervals (CI) at 95%, variables associated with the presence of contact animals, size of the enclosure and type of food were recorded. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in the samples analyzed was 71.8% (CI 55.1–83.0; 28/39). Ancylostomatidae, Toxocara spp. , Toxascaris leonina, Strongyloides spp. , Calodium hepaticum, and Trematoda eggs, and Cystoisospora spp. oocysts were detected. Environmental conditions were not correlated with parasitism prevalence; however, the parasites found could be managed, considering their biology, such as controlling synanthropic and domestic animals in captivity, feeding with healthy feed.
An Improved Method for Farm Birds Detection Based on YOLOv5s

In view of the economic losses caused by birds pecking crops, a bird detection algorithm based on YOLOv5s is proposed by optimizing the switch strategy of traditional bird repellent machine through real-time detection of birds. Firstly, CBAM (Convolutional Block Attention Module) is fused into C3 module to obtain CBAMC3 module, which improves the ability of network feature extraction and suppresses irrelevant noise information. Secondly, the BiFPN structure is used to replace the original PAN structure, which improves the network’s ability to extract features at different scales. On this basis, choose CIOU (complete integration over union) loss function to replace GIOU (generalized intersection over union) loss function in YOLOv5s algorithm to optimize the training model to improve the identification accuracy. Finally, the results show that compared with the original algorithm, the improved YOLOv5 algorithm improves the precision from 91.8% to 92.9%, the recall rate from 86.3% to 90.0%, and the mAP (mean Average Precision) from 92.0% to 94.7%, thus verifying the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
Characterization of Disease Resistance Induced by a Pyrazolecarboxylic Acid Derivative in Arabidopsis thaliana

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a potent innate immunity system in plants that is induced through the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated signaling pathway. Here, we characterized 3-chloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid (CMPA) as an effective SAR inducer in Arabidopsis. The soil drench application of CMPA enhanced a broad range of disease resistance against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae and fungal pathogens Colletotrichum higginsianum and Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis, whereas CMPA did not show antibacterial activity. Foliar spraying with CMPA induced the expression of SA-responsible genes such as PR1, PR2 and PR5. The effects of CMPA on resistance against the bacterial pathogen and the expression of PR genes were observed in the SA biosynthesis mutant, however, while they were not observed in the SA-receptor-deficient npr1 mutant. Thus, these findings indicate that CMPA induces SAR by triggering the downstream signaling of SA biosynthesis in the SA-mediated signaling pathway.
Integrated Energy Management Strategy Based on Finite Time Double Consistency Under Non-Ideal Communication Conditions

Collaborative energy management is a critical issue in integrated energy system (IES). Aiming at the problem, a novel finite time double consistency algorithm is proposed to solve the energy management problem of IES. By implementing this algorithm, the energy equipment units only need to perform local communication and local calculation, effectively solving the nonlinear coupling optimization problem in the system. Moreover, the algorithm enables the completion of optimal economic dispatch quickly in a finite time. The algorithm utilizes double consistency iteration of the incremental cost price and the estimated value of equipment output to effectively coordinate the relationship among energy equipment outputs. On this basis, an effective combined event trigger mechanism is designed by introducing measurement error, which enables energy equipment to communicate only when necessary, thereby avoiding the need for continuous information exchange. The proposed algorithm considers non-ideal communication environments such as communication delay and disturbance. To address these issues, the consistency theory and the model reduction theory are combined to provide a sufficient condition for the system's stability. Finally, the convergence and stability of the algorithm are verified using the Lyapunov method, and simulation experiments confirm the effectiveness of the designed algorithm.
Spatial Crisis and the Experimental Production of Urban Space in Franco’s Spain: The History of Madrid’s Poblados Dirigidos

The article analyzes the ideological reasoning, planning rationale, and construction of controlled/satellite neighborhoods (poblados dirigidos) in the metropolitan area of Madrid during the 1950s and 1960s. Poblados dirigidos were compact and minutely planned barrios on which the Franco regime (1939-1975) hinged its hopes for re-directing urban growth and controlling informal urbanization. While the phenomenon of poblados dirigidos was investigated by several Spanish architects and urban planners, their work focused mostly on the design of these neighborhoods, the structure of their housing units, and the innovative construction techniques. The current article suggests that the spatial crisis that drove the dictatorship to embrace the planning module of poblados dirigidos cannot be understood in isolation from the political and economic challenges faced by the regime during its “interim decades. ” These challenges led to a progressive shift in the regime’s territorial representations and to a partial shift in its spatial practices, which the article analyzes.
Impact of Grape Seed Powder and Black Tea Brew on Lipid Digestion—An In Vitro Co-Digestion Study with Real Foods

Effects of two foods with bioactive constituents (black tea brew, BTB and grape seed powder, GSP) on lipid digestibility was studied. Lipolysis inhibitory effect of these foods was examined using two test foods (cream and baked beef) with highly different fatty acid (FA) composition. Digestion simulations were performed either using both gastric and pancreatic lipase, or only with pancreatic lipase according to the Infogest protocol. Lipid digestibility was assessed based on the bioaccessible FAs. Results showed the triacylglycerols containing short- and medium-chain FAs (SCFA and MCFA) are non-preferred substrates for pancreatic lipase; however, this is not characteristic for GL. Our findings suggest that both GSP and BTB primarily affect the lipolysis of SCFAs and MCFAs, because the dispreference of pancreatic lipase towards these substrates was further enhanced as a result of co-digestion. Interestingly, GSP and BTB similarly resulted in significant decrease in lipolysis for cream (containing milk fat having a diverse FA profile), whereas they were ineffective in influencing the digestion of beef fat, having simpler FA profile. It highlights that the characteristics of the dietary fat source of a meal can be a key determinant on the observed extent of lipolysis when co-digested with foods with bioactive constituents.