Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unsupervised Formation Matching in Highly Inflected Languages

There have been multiple attempts to resolve the various formation matching problem in information retrieval. Stemming is a common strategy to this end. Among many approaches for stemming, statistical stemming has shown to be effective in a few number of languages, particularly those highly inflected ones. Common statistical approaches heavily relies on string similarity in terms of prefix and suffix matching. In this paper we propose a method that is able to find any popular affix in any position of a word; specifically finding infixes is a required task in Persian, Arabic, and Malay particularly in irregular formations and is a future challenge in informal texts. The proposed method aims at finding a number of transformation rules for expanding a word with its inflectional/derivation formations. Our experimental results on CLEF 2008 and CLEF 2009 English-Persian CLIR tasks indicate that the proposed method significantly outperforms all the baselines in terms of MAP.
Visualizing voltage dynamics in zebrafish heart

The zebrafish heart provides a useful vertebrate cardiovascular model with outstanding advantages, including genetic manipulatability, optical accessibility and rapid development. In addition, an emerging topic in cardiotoxicity assay and drug discovery is its use in phenotype‐based chemical screening. Here, we report a technique that allows non‐invasive voltage mapping in beating heart using a genetically encoded probe for transmembrane potential. Application of the anti‐allergy compound astemizole resulted in aberrant propagation of excitation, which accounted for a lack of ventricular contraction. This optical method will provide new opportunities in broad areas of physiological, developmental and pharmacological cardiovascular research.
Desflurane for ambulatory anaesthesia: A comparison with sevoflurane for recovery profile and airway responses

Background and Aims: Desflurane and sevoflurane have low blood gas solubility co-efficients, allowing a rapid awakening from anaesthesia. However, desfluraneis pungent and may cause airway irritability. We compared desflurane and sevoflurane with respect to recovery and occurrence of adverse airway responses in spontaneously breathing patients while using the ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway (LMA). Methods: Ninety-four adult patients undergoing hysteroscopic procedures were divided into sevoflurane (S) group or desflurane (D) group. Patients were premedicated with midazolam 0.03 mg/kg and fentanyl 1μg/kg. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol 2.0–2.5 mg/kg, followed by insertion of a ProSeal™ LMA. Adverse airway responses such as cough, hiccups, laryngospasm and breathholding were recorded. In the post-operative period: time to awakening, response to verbal commands, orientation, ability to sit with support and the recovery room Aldrete score were recorded. Results: Three patients in group S (6.4%) and six patients (13.3%) in Group D had adverse airway events. The mean time to eye opening (Group S-10.75 ± 7.54 min, Group D-4.94 ± 1.74 min), obeying verbal commands (Group S-13.13 ± 8.75 min, Group D-6.55 ± 1.75 min), orientation (Group S-15.42 ± 8.46 min, Group D-6.23 ± 2.4 min) and to sit with support (Group S-36.09 ± 12.68 min, Group D-14.35 ± 3.75 min) were found to be lesser with desflurane than with sevoflurane (P < 0.001). The mean time to recovery was delayed in Group S-46.00 ± 12.86 min compared to Group D-26.44 ± 5.33 min (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Desflurane has faster awakening properties than sevoflurane without an increase in adverse airway events when used during spontaneous ventilation through a ProSeal™ LMA along with propofol and fentanyl.
Using Joint Sentiment Topic Detection with Bigrams to improve the classification in Weakly Supervised Sentiment Analysis

Online reviews evolve rapidly over time, which demands much more efficient and flexible algorithms for sentiment analysis than the current approaches. Current approaches detect the overall sentiment of a document, without performing an in–depth analysis to discover. We propose a Document level sentiment classification in conjunction with topic detection and topic sentiment analysis of bigrams simultaneously. This model is based on the weakly supervised Joint Sentiment-Topic model, and this extends the Latent Dirichlet Allocation by adding the sentiment layer. Bigrams are considered in order to increase the accuracy of sentiment analysis. A sentiment thesaurus is created with positive and negative lexicons and this is used to find the sentiment polarity of the bigrams. This model can be shifted to other domains. This is verified experimentally through four different domains which even outperforms the existing semisupervised approaches. Keywords-Sentiment Analysis, Opinion Mining, Joint Sentiment topic (JST) model, Sentiment Classification, Maximum Entropy.
Concurrent constraint programming

This paper presents a new and very rich class of (concurrent) programming languages, based on the notion of computing with partial information, and the concomitant notions of consistency and entailment.1 In this framework, computation emerges from the interaction of concurrently executing agents that communicate by placing, checking and instantiating constraints on shared variables. Such a view of computation is interesting in the context of programming languages because of the ability to represent and manipulate partial information about the domain of discourse, in the context of concurrency because of the use of constraints for communication and control, and in the context of AI because of the availability of simple yet powerful mechanisms for controlling inference, and the promise that very rich representational/programming languages, sharing the same set of abstract properties, may be possible. To reflect this view of computation, [Sar89] develops the cc family of languages. We present here one member of the family, cc(↓, →) (pronounced “cc with Ask and Choose”) which provides the basic operations of blocking Ask and atomic Tell and an algebra of behaviors closed under prefixing, indeterministic choice, interleaving, and hiding, and provides a mutual recursion operator. cc(↓, →) is (intentionally! ) very similar to Milner's CCS, but for the radically different underlying concept of communication, which, in fact, provides a general—and elegant—alternative approach to “value-passing” in CCS. At the same time it adequately captures the framework of committed choice concurrent logic programming languages. We present the rules of behavior for cc agents, motivate a notion of “visible action” for them, and develop the notion of c-trees and reactive congruence analogous to Milner's synchronization trees and observational congruence. We also present an equational characterization of reactive congruence for Finitary cc(↓, →).
Circadian clustering of spontaneous epileptic seizures emerges after pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus

Seizures in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) associated with hippocampal sclerosis are thought to develop with various latency intervals after an initial transient brain insult. To study seizure dynamics after an initial transient precipitating insult in a systematic fashion, we utilized continuous video–electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring after the induction of status epilepticus (SE) in a mouse MTLE model.
Investigation of Integral Composite T-Joints under Mixed Mode Loading

This paper presents experimental and numerical results on the deformations and failureof integral composite T-joints subjected to a realistic combined tensile and bending (mixed mode)load case. For this reason, standard pull-off and mixed mode load cases are experimentally studiedby means of a novel test fixture which keeps the force angle constant to the T-joint’s base and allowsfor repositioning of the specimen in order to minimize constraining forces. Two types of specimenswith varying deltoid radius are investigated. Additionally, kinematically nonlinear numerical simulationsare performed to locate damage onset and deformations of the specimens. It is found that thesimulations are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Designing a low voltage amplifier through bulk driven technique with 0 . 6 V supply voltage

An ultra-low voltage rail-to-rail operational trans conductance amplifier (OTA) based on a standard digital 0.18μm CMOS process is described in this paper. Techniques for designing a 0.6 volt fully differential OTA are discussed including bias and reference current generator circuit. To rail-to-rail operation complementary input differential pairs are used where Bulk driven technique is used to reduce the threshold limitation of the MOSFET transistors. The OTA gain is increased by using auxiliary gain boosting amplifier and a inverting amplifier. The designed circuit was simulated by HSPICE software and 0.18 micrometer technology. This circuit is supplied with 0.6 v with a consume power of 30 microwatt and open loop gain voltage of 63 dB.
Solution NMR Structure of the Ca2+-bound N-terminal Domain of CaBP7

Background: CaBP7 is an EF-hand-containing transmembrane protein that inhibits PI4KIIIβ activity. Results: PI4KIIIβ interacts with CaBP7 NTD, which exhibits an expansive hydrophobic pocket. Conclusion: The structure of CaBP7 NTD is similar to that of CaM NTD but has a more expansive hydrophobic pocket containing fewer methionine residues. Significance: Regulation of PI4P synthesis is essential for vesicle trafficking and secretory pathway function. Calcium-binding protein 7 (CaBP7) is a member of the calmodulin (CaM) superfamily that harbors two high affinity EF-hand motifs and a C-terminal transmembrane domain. CaBP7 has been previously shown to interact with and modulate phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase III-β (PI4KIIIβ) activity in in vitro assays and affects vesicle transport in neurons when overexpressed. Here we show that the N-terminal domain (NTD) of CaBP7 is sufficient to mediate the interaction of CaBP7 with PI4KIIIβ. CaBP7 NTD encompasses the two high affinity Ca2+ binding sites, and structural characterization through multiangle light scattering, circular dichroism, and NMR reveals unique properties for this domain. CaBP7 NTD binds specifically to Ca2+ but not Mg2+ and undergoes significant conformational changes in both secondary and tertiary structure upon Ca2+ binding. The Ca2+-bound form of CaBP7 NTD is monomeric and exhibits an open conformation similar to that of CaM. Ca2+-bound CaBP7 NTD has a solvent-exposed hydrophobic surface that is more expansive than observed in CaM or CaBP1. Within this hydrophobic pocket, there is a significant reduction in the number of methionine residues that are conserved in CaM and CaBP1 and shown to be important for target recognition. In CaBP7 NTD, these residues are replaced with isoleucine and leucine residues with branched side chains that are intrinsically more rigid than the flexible methionine side chain. We propose that these differences in surface hydrophobicity, charge, and methionine content may be important in determining highly specific interactions of CaBP7 with target proteins, such as PI4KIIIβ.
Decibel: The Relational Dataset Branching System

As scientific endeavors and data analysis become increasingly collaborative, there is a need for data management systems that natively support the versioning or branching of datasets to enable concurrent analysis, cleaning, integration, manipulation, or curation of data across teams of individuals. Common practice for sharing and collaborating on datasets involves creating or storing multiple copies of the dataset, one for each stage of analysis, with no provenance information tracking the relationships between these datasets. This results not only in wasted storage, but also makes it challenging to track and integrate modifications made by different users to the same dataset. In this paper, we introduce the Relational Dataset Branching System, Decibel, a new relational storage system with built-in version control designed to address these shortcomings. We present our initial design for Decibel and provide a thorough evaluation of three versioned storage engine designs that focus on efficient query processing with minimal storage overhead. We also develop an exhaustive benchmark to enable the rigorous testing of these and future versioned storage engine designs.
A storage system for scalable knowledge representation

Twenty years of AI research in knowledge representation has produced frame knowledge representation systems (FRSs) that incorporate a number of important advances. However, FRSs lack two important capabilities that prevent them from scaling up to realistic applications: they cannot provide high-speed access to large knowledge bases (KBs), and they do not support shared, concurrent KB access by multiple users. Our research investigates the hypothesis that one can employ an existing database management system (DBMS) as a storage subsystem for an FRS, to provide high-speed access to large, shared KBs. We describe the design and implementation of a general storage system that incrementally loads referenced frames from a DBMS, and saves modified frames back to the DBMS, for two different FRSs: LOOM and THEO. We also present experimental results showing that the performance of our prototype storage subsystem exceeds that of flat files for simulated applications that reference or update up to one third of the frames from a large LOOM KB.
Globally fuzzy model based adaptive variable structure control for a class of nonlinear time-varying systems

In this paper, a nonlinear time-varying dynamic system is first approximated by N fuzzy-based linear state-space subsystems. To track a trajectory dominant by a specific frequency, the reference models with desired amplitude and phase features are established by the same fuzzy sets of the system rule. It is known that linear state feedback control for each fuzzy subsystem is inferior to that using nonlinear feedback control. It is also known that most of the fuzzy adaptive controls must be in a specific domain for the function approximation. To overcome the above shortcomings, we propose a globally fuzzy model based adaptive variable structure control with a switching function to determine when the learning law should be used. As the norm of the switching surface is inside of a defined set, the learning law starts; simultaneously, as it is outside of the other set which is larger than the previous defined set, the learning law stops. In this situation, the proposed control is verified to converge into a convex set, which is smaller than the set for the function approximation. For the purpose of smoothing the discontinuity of control input, a transition between outside and inside of approximated set is also assigned. Under these circumstances, the proposed control can automatically tune as a control without or with the learning compensation of uncertainties. Finally, the stability of the overall system is verified by Lyapunov stability theory.
Marine Biosurfactants, II. Production and Characterization of an Anionic Trehalose Tetraester from the Marine Bacterium Arthrobacter sp. EK 1

Within a screening for biosurfactants we could isolate various n-alkanes utilizing marine bacteria which were capable of synthesizing glycolipids. One strain was identified as Arthrobacter sp. EK 1 which produced trehalose lipids. After purification by column and thick layer chromatography the main fraction, an anionic 2,3,4,2′-trehalose tetraester, was obtained. The chain lengths of fatty acids ranged from 8 up to 14, furthermore succinate could be detected. Since the place of substitution of succinate has so far not been cited in literature, a definitive structural elucidation was carried out chemically by hydroboration and by 1H, 2 D1H, 13C and 13C - 1H correlation NMR measurements. All investigations confirmed the exact position of succinate at C2 atom of trehalose. After improvement of growth conditions the production of the trehalose tetraester increased up to 4.8 g/1 during a fermentation in a 20 1 bioreactor under nitrogen limitation.
Black holes at accelerators

This is my contribution to the proceedings of Stephen Hawking's 60th birthday celebration. If the ideas of TeV scale gravity are correct, then black holes should be produced at accelerators that probe the TeV scale, and their decays should evidence one of Stephen's greatest discoveries, the phenomenon of black hole radiance.
Effect of capping rate on InAs/GaAs quantum dot solar cells

The unavoidable presence of the wetting layer (WL) in Stranski-Krastanov quantum dots (QD) has typically a negative impact on the performance of QD solar cells. In this work, a simple method to engineer the WL of InAs/GaAs QD solar cells is investigated. In particular, we show that covering the QDs at high GaAs capping rates reduces In-Ga intermixing and, therefore, In redistribution from the QDs to the WL. This results not only in larger QDs, but also in thinner WLs, with larger quantum confinement energies and reduced potential barriers for electrons and holes. Carrier trapping by the WLs and subsequent recombination is therefore reduced, resulting in larger photocurrent values of the QD solar cells under short circuit conditions.
Rap1GAP alters leukemia cell differentiation, apoptosis and invasion in vitro.

Rap1GAP which regulates the GTP-GDP form switch of Rap1 is a member of the GTPase-activating protein (GAP) family and has recently received substantial attention. Rap1GAP is thought of as a putative tumor suppressor gene and plays an important role in human tumor progression including pancreatic cancer, thyroid cancer and melanoma. In the current study, we found that the expression of Rap1GAP was lower in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients compared to non-malignant blood disease patients. The expression of Rap1GAP was also low in HL-60, NB4, U937 and SHI-1 myeloid leukemia cell lines. Upregulated Rap1GAP in NB4 and HL-60 cells promoted cell differentiation induced by ATRA or TPA compared to the empty vector control cells. Furthermore, Rap1GAP-transfected cells also showed a higher rate of apoptosis in response to arsenic trioxide compared to the control counterpart cells. In addition, we found that increased expression of Rap1GAP promoted leukemia cell invasion may be due to matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). In conclusion, these results demonstrated that Rap1GAP promoted leukemia cell differentiation and apoptosis, but increased leukemia cell invasion in vitro.
Language Learning and Development

There are an infinite number of possible word-to-world pairings. One way children could learn words at an early stage is by computing statistical regularities across different modalities—pairing spoken words with possible referents in the co-occurring extralinguistic environment, collecting a number of such pairs, and then figuring out the common elements. This paper provides computational evidence that such a statistical mechanism is possible for object name learning. Moreover, young children learn words much more effectively and efficiently at later stages. Could statistical learning account for this behavioral change? The current paper explores this question by presenting a developmental model of word learning that relies on a general associative mechanism and recruits previously learned words to guide subsequent word learning. This mechanism leads to increasingly fast learning and corresponding behavioral changes. Simulation studies are conducted using the data collected from a series of picture-book reading episodes wherein parents were asked to narrate books to their 20-month-old children. The results show that previously learned lexical knowledge can narrow the search space and therefore reduce the degree of ambiguity in word-to-world mappings. This results in the bootstrapping of lexical acquisition without changing the underlying statistical learning mechanism. Hence, this work suggests that using lexical knowledge accumulated in prior statistical learning could play an important role in vocabulary growth. To our knowledge, this is the first model that attempts to simulate the effects of cumulative knowledge on subsequent learning using realistic data collected from child-caregiver
Knowledge based Services for Devices in Automation

The integration of manufacturing design and production processes around aggregated shared knowledge improves production efficiency. In this paper, planning level faults on the assembly lines or conflicts in product design are identified and picked up in real time via the use of integrated knowledge based services. Issues with the supply chain can also be fed into the model by linking the services to Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. In the production process, errors and/or faults are fed back into the knowledge base system to aid confident future planning. This approach allows more targeted alerts and reports of failures, empowering the production operative and allowing more problems to be solved at the source of
Movement Patterns in Spoken Language

When babies start to babble, they babble some sounds more often than others. In his Perspective, Locke discusses the findings of a new analysis of babbling babies in environments where English or other languages such as French, Swedish, or Japanese are spoken (MacNeilage and Davis). It turns out that babies preferentially babble four sequences of consonant and vowel sounds, a tendency that is reflected in the structure of protowords found in many of the world9s languages.
Granularity Metrics for IT Services

Many articles discuss the design of fine- or coarse-grained IT services without defining what granularity exactly means. However, this is important to know since the granularity influence e.g. the reusability or the composition effort of services and thus the development, maintenance and composition costs of a service realization. Therefore, we present different metrics to evaluate and compare the granularity of various service realizations of a process where each metric represents a different perspective on service granularity. In addition, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these metrics and argue that a reasonable measurement of service granularity can usually be obtained by the combination of the metrics. Furthermore, we illustrate that the proposed metrics may constitute a first step towards the evaluation of the total costs of various service realizations. The application of the metrics as well as the discussion of the practical benefits is illustrated by a real world case.
Bleeding Per Rectum in a Patient with an Amputated Finger

A 42-year-old female who had her right index finger amputated 13 months back now presented to the department of gastroenterology with symptoms of abdominal pain and bleeding per rectum. On examination the patient had iron deficiency anemia and features of cachexia. Upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy and colonoscopy were done but did not reveal any lesion. The patient underwent computed tomography (CT) scan on a Siemens 64-slice CT scanner, which showed multiple rounded, markedly enhancing, small gut (jejunal) lesions, along with an enteroenteric intussusception [Figures ​[Figures11–3]. A similarly enhancing lesion was also found in the left gluteus medius muscle. Figure 1 MDCT coronal image showing two markedly enhancing lesions in the jejunum Figure 3 Axial MDCT image showing enteroenteric intussusception, with an enhancing lesion as the lead point Figure 2 Axial MDCT image showing markedly enhancing lesions in the jejunum