Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The two-step approach to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) provides the only potentially curative option for multiple hematological conditions. However, allogeneic HSCT outcomes rely on an optimal balance of effective immune recovery, minimal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and lasting control of disease. The quest to attain this balance has proven challenging over the past few decades. The two-step approach to HSCT was conceptualized and pioneered at Thomas Jefferson University in 2005 and remains the main platform for allografting at our institution. Following administration of the transplant conditioning regimen, patients receive a fixed dose of donor CD3+ cells (HSCT step one-DLI) as the lymphoid portion of the graft on day -6 with the aim of optimizing and controlling T cell dosing. Cyclophosphamide (CY) is administered after the DLI (days -3 and -2) to induce donor-recipient bidirectional tolerance. On day 0, a CD34-selected stem cell graft is given as the myeloid portion of the graft (step two). In this two-step approach, the stem cell graft is infused after CY tolerization, which avoids exposure of the stem cells to an alkylating agent, allowing rapid count recovery. Here, the two-step platform is described with a focus on key results from studies over the past two decades. Finally, this review details lessons learned and current strategies to optimize the graft-versus-tumor effect and limit transplant-related toxicities.
Migraine: Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment

This article presents a comprehensive review on migraine, a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by chronic headaches, by focusing on their pathogenesis and treatment advances. By examining molecular markers and leveraging imaging techniques, the research identifies key mechanisms and triggers in migraine pathology, thereby improving our understanding of its pathophysiology. Special emphasis is given to the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in migraine development. CGRP not only contributes to symptoms but also represents a promising therapeutic target, with inhibitors showing effectiveness in migraine management. The article further explores traditional medical treatments, scrutinizing the mechanisms, benefits, and limitations of commonly prescribed medications. This provides a segue into an analysis of emerging therapeutic strategies and their potential to enhance migraine management. Finally, the paper delves into neuromodulation as an innovative treatment modality. Clinical studies indicating its effectiveness in migraine management are reviewed, and the advantages and limitations of this technique are discussed. In summary, the article aims to enhance the understanding of migraine pathogenesis and present novel therapeutic possibilities that could revolutionize patient care.
Un modele quantitatif pour l'evaluation des effets de la reforme de la Pac en Italie

L’objectif de cette etude est de decrire les caracteristiques principales d’un modele qui a pour but l’estimation des effets des mesures de politique agricole au niveau des sous-regions et aux niveaux regional et national. Ce modele est base sur l’utilisation de l’information « positive » contenue dans deux bases de donnees differentes, RICA et IACS-AGEA (la base de donnees administrative italienne), et d’outils theoriques, comme la PMP (Programmation Mathematique Positive), capables de reproduire et simuler le comportement entrepreneurial des agriculteurs de chaque region.
Biomimetic Electrospun Self-Assembling Peptide Scaffolds for Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Neural Tissue Engineering

Spinal cord regeneration using stem cell transplantation is a promising strategy for regenerative therapy. Stem cells transplanted onto scaffolds that can mimic natural extracellular matrix (ECM) have the potential to significantly improve outcomes. In this study, we strived to develop a cell carrier by culturing neural stem cells (NSCs) onto electrospun 2D and 3D constructs made up of specific crosslinked functionalized self-assembling peptides (SAPs) featuring enhanced biomimetic and biomechanical properties. Morphology, architecture, and secondary structures of electrospun scaffolds in the solid-state and electrospinning solution were studied step by step. Morphological studies showed the benefit of mixed peptides and surfactants as additives to form thinner, uniform, and defect-free fibers. It has been observed that β-sheet conformation as evidence of self-assembling has been predominant throughout the process except for the electrospinning solution. In vitro NSCs seeded on electrospun SAP scaffolds in 2D and 3D conditions displayed desirable proliferation, viability, and differentiation in comparison to the gold standard. In vivo biocompatibility assay confirmed the permissibility of implanted fibrous channels by foreign body reaction. The results of this study demonstrated that fibrous 2D/3D electrospun SAP scaffolds, when shaped as micro-channels, can be suitable to support NSC transplantation for regeneration following spinal cord injury.
An assessment of the high-gain Streckeisen STS2 seismometer for routine earthquake monitoring in the United States

Issue . At issue is whether the high-gain STS2, with a sensitivity of 20,000 volts/meter/sec, can produce on-scale recordings of earthquake activity within the continental US, or whether the low-gain STS2, with a sensitivity of 1500 volts/meter/sec, is more appropriate for earthquake monitoring due to the relatively lower input velocity required for clipping the recording system. The test ANSS backbone station configuration, considered in this study consists of an STS2 broadband seismometer coupled to a Quanterra Q330 digitizer. The Q330 has a channel sensitivity of 4.19e5 counts/volt and a clip level of 8.38e6 = 8388608 counts (2e23) (20 volts). Therefore, an input ground velocity of only 0.001 m/sec will clip the high-gain system while an input ground velocity of 0.013 m/sec, a factor of 13 larger, is required to clip the lower-gain configuration.
Research Trends on Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Non-Central Nervous System Cancer: Text Network Analysis and Topic Modeling

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the knowledge structure and trends in research on cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) in patients with non-central nervous system (non-CNS) cancer through text network analysis and topic modeling.Methods: From 2011 to 2021, studies on CRCI in patients with non-CNS cancer registered in databases including Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and PsycInfo, were extracted and cleaned into words using Python’s natural language toolkit package. Text network analysis was performed using the NetworkX library, and topic modeling analysis based on the latent Dirichlet allocation algorithm was carried out using the Gensim library.Results: In total, 24,030 keywords were extracted from the abstracts of 490 selected papers, of which “chemotherapy,” “breast cancer,” and “quality of life” showed high frequency and centrality. As a result of the topic modeling analysis, four subject groups were derived, including cognitive impairment due to chemotherapy, breast cancer and cognitive impairment, factors related to cognitive impairment, and symptom experience.Conclusion: These findings will help cancer researchers to understand the trends and insights of research on CRCI in patients with non-CNS cancer and suggest important areas and directions for future studies.
Physiological response and molecular regulatory mechanism reveal a positive role of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide applications in salt tolerance of Cyclocarya paliurus

As a multifunctional tree species, Cyclocarya paliurus leaves are rich in bioactive substances with precious healthy values. To meet the huge requirement of C. paliurus leaf production, sites with some environmental stresses would be potential land for developing its plantations due to the limitation of land resources in China. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are common gas messengers used to alleviate abiotic stress damage, whereas the mechanism of these messengers in regulating salt resistance of C. paliurus still remains unclear. We performed a comprehensive study to reveal the physiological response and molecular regulatory mechanism of C. paliurus seedlings to the application of exogenous NO and H2S under salt stress. The results showed that the application of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) not only maintained the photosynthetic capacity and reduced the loss of leaf biomass, but also promoted endogenous NO synthesis and reduced oxidative damage by activating antioxidant enzyme activity and increasing the content of soluble protein and flavonoids. Moreover, transcriptome and metabolome analysis indicated the expression of genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cytochromeP450 (CYP), chalcone synthase (CHS), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) and flavonol synthase (FLS) in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was all up-regulated by the application of NO and H2S. Meanwhile, 15 transcriptional factors (TFs) such as WRKY, ERF, bHLH and HY5 induced by NO were found to regulated the activities of several key enzymes in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway under salt stress, via the constructed co-expression network. Our findings revealed the underlying mechanism of NO and H2S to alleviate salt stress and regulate flavonoid biosynthesis, which provides a theoretical basis for establishing C. paliurus plantations in the salt stress areas.
Modélisation des flux pariétaux sur les tuyères des moteurs à propergol solide

Les tuyeres des moteurs a propergol solide sont soumises a des flux parietaux intenses. Les composites carbone/carbone sont alors retenus pour assurer l'integrite des composants. Outre leurs excellentes proprietes thermo-mecaniques, ces materiaux sont exposes au phenomene d'ablation : reaction chimique heterogene de surface entre le materiau et les especes oxydantes de l'ecoulement. D'une certaine facon, cette specificite protege la structure car elle permet de reduire considerablement le flux de chaleur entrant dans le solide. En contrepartie, le phenomene doit etre parfaitement controle car il s'accompagne d'une recession de la surface. La prediction des flux parietaux de masse, de quantite de mouvement, et de chaleur, est donc un point crucial pour la conception des tuyeres. La simulation numerique fait maintenant partie des outils de conception incontournables pour la mise au point de nouvelles tuyeres. Neanmoins, au vu de la puissance des calculateurs disponibles, l'emploi de modeles de paroi est une etape necessaire pour pouvoir simuler ces ecoulements a l'echelle 1. Dans ce cadre, on presente une serie de simulations numeriques directes dont l'analyse permet d'elaborer des nouvelles lois de paroi integrant plusieurs phenomenes physiques complexes qui modifient le comportement "classique" de la couche limite turbulente : dilatabilite de l'ecoulement, influence de l'aspect multi-especes reactif du fluide, nombre de Prandtl non unite, transfert radiatif, gradient de pression longitudinal, et ablation des parois. La mise en oeuvre de ces modeles est des a present envisageable.
Plasmalemmal vesicle‐associated protein (PLVAP) is expressed by tumour endothelium and is upregulated by vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF)

Vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF) is an important regulator of vascular permeability. In preclinical studies, VEGF induces endothelial fenestrations in pre‐existing and neo‐vasculature, while inhibition of VEGF leads to a reduction in endothelial fenestrations. Recently, vascular regression in response to VEGF inhibition has been shown to correlate with the presence of endothelial fenestrations. Plasmalemmal vesicle‐associated protein (PLVAP) is believed to be a component of diaphragmed endothelial fenestrations, but a direct relationship with VEGF signalling has not been established. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression pattern of PLVAP and investigate whether PLVAP is a transcriptional target of VEGF signal transduction. The expression pattern of PLVAP was characterized in normal and neoplastic human tissues by in situ hybridization and/or immunohistochemistry. The role of VEGF signal transduction in the regulation of PLVAP expression was investigated in vitro using receptor‐selective engineered forms of VEGF, a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against VEGF, and inhibitors of downstream signalling pathways. PLVAP mRNA and protein were widely expressed in the endothelium of normal and neoplastic tissues. In cultured endothelial cells, VEGF signalling through receptor 2 stimulated expression of PLVAP total RNA and protein. This induction could be blocked with an anti‐VEGF monoclonal antibody and by inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (LY294002) or p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (SB203580), but not by PD98059, a mitogen‐activated protein/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1 inhibitor. These data show that PLVAP is more widely expressed in the vasculature of normal tissues than previously thought and that it is expressed in the vasculature of most human tumours. We suggest that PLVAP is a downstream target of VEGF signalling. This work solidifies the association between VEGF and the appearance and maintenance of fenestrations by providing a potential mechanistic link. Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Altering the Trajectory of Perfusion-Diffusion Deficits Using A BDNF Mimetic Acutely After TBI is Associated with Improved Functional Connectivity

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in metabolic deficits and functionally compromised tissue. The BDNF mimetic R13 has a significant positive effect on both tissue metabolism and behavioral outcome after TBI, indicating a promising therapeutic. To understand the mechanism of action for this intervention, we determined whether there was any association between the underlying metabolic insult and any improvement in resting state functional connectivity (FC) with MRI, or whether R13 acts through mechanisms unrelated to metabolic recovery. We found perfusion deficits could be reasonably approximated by reductions in mean diffusivity (MD) acutely after injury, because a majority of regions with low perfusion matched to regions of low MD, indicative of cell swelling. Injury alone resulted in reduced cross-brain FC and contralateral hyperconnectivity at 1d compared to sham and these were spatially coincident with regions of low MD. R13 intervention at 1–7d altered the tissue trajectory of MD pathology away from pseudo-normalization so that a greater volume of tissue remained with low MD at 7d. These same regions were associated with significant changes in cross-brain and contralateral FC in R13 treated rats compared to injured vehicle-treated rats. These data indicate a likely metabolic effect of R13 acutely after injury.
Variabilité spatiale multiéchelle du zooplancton dans un lagoon récifal côtier (Multiscale spatial variability of zooplankton in a coastal reef lagoon)

Variabilite spatiale multiechelle du zooplancton dans un lagoon recifal cotier - L'identification des changements dans les patrons ecologiques selon l'echelle spatiale et la comprehension des processus qui generent ces changements sont d'une importance considerable en oceanographie. Dans ce contexte, comprendre comment une communaute biologique repond a l'heterogeneite environnementale requiert la connaissance des processus impliques et l'echelle spatiale a laquelle ils operent. Les relations spatiales entre la variabilite du zooplancton et l'heterogeneite environnementale sont encore imprecises dans les ecosystemes tropicaux cotiers. L'objectif de ce travail de these a donc ete de determiner les echelles de dependance spatiale des patrons du zooplancton associe a un lagon recifal cotier et des processus environnementaux sous-jacents. Dans ce contexte, les interets de cette recherche ont ete de quantifier les patrons de la variabilite du zooplancton dans l'espace, de comprendre comment ces patrons changent avec l'echelle spatiale et de determiner les processus physiques et biologiques responsables de ces patrons spatiaux. L'echantillonnage, effectue le long d'un transect de la cote vers le large dans le lagon du Grand-Cul-de-Sac Marin (Guadeloupe), a concerne deux classes de taille du zooplancton (190–600 µm et > 600 µm) pour lesquelles la biomasse et l'abondance ont ete estimees. L'analyse multiechelle a ete utilisee pour caracteriser les patrons du zooplancton aux differentes echelles spatiales (de l'echelle de l'habitat a celle du lagon tout entier) et pour identifier les processus responsables de ces structures spatiales. Cette etude a montre que la variabilite du zooplancton est un phenomene multiechelle dont l'amplitude et la dependance spatiale dependent de la taille des organismes, de leur motilite et de la variable-reponse consideree (biomasse ou abondance). La biomasse et l'abondance du zooplancton varient en reponse a la distribution spatiale du phytoplancton, au comportement du zooplancton, a l'heterogeneite de l'habitat, a l'hydrodynamique et aux evenements meteorologiques. La nature et les effets de ces processus sont dependants de l'echelle spatiale. Ce travail a montre comment le changement d'echelle spatiale met en evidence differents niveaux d'organisation de la communaute zooplanctonique en reponse a l'heterogeneite environnementale.
Dynamical mechanisms for the teleconnection between ENSO and NAO in late winter

The dynamical mechanisms for the late-winter teleconnection between El NiñoSouthern Oscillation (ENSO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) are examined using output from two global climate models and various reanalysis datasets. During El Niño winters, the intensified transient disturbances along the equatorward shifted North Pacific storm track extend their influences farther downstream, thereby leading to eastward extension of eddy vorticity forcing to the North Atlantic region. Such eddy forcing induces negative geopotential height tendencies along the southern lobe of the NAO, thus favoring more occurrences of negative NAO events. It is further demonstrated that these transient eddy effects can be reproduced in atmospheric GCM integrations subjected to ENSO-related SST anomalies in the tropical Pacific region. Analysis of the persistent anomalous circulation episodes in the North PacificNorth America-North Atlantic sector further demonstrate the contributions of downstream eddy development to the ENSO/NAO teleconnection. These episodes are characterized by a strengthened Pacific subtropical jet stream and an equatorwardshifted Pacific storm track. The wave packets that populate the storm tracks travel eastward through downstream development. The pursuant barotropic forcing of the embedded synoptic-scale eddies is conducive to the formation of the negative phase of the NAO. The more frequent and higher persistence of those episodes during El Niño winters contribute to the prevalence of negative NAO conditions. A higher frequency of weak (strong) stratospheric vortex events for El Niño (La Niña) condition is generated in a climate model with a more realistic upper atmosphere. During El Niño events, the enhanced tropospheric stationary wave-1 driving contributes to the increased frequency of stratospheric weak vortex events. The easterly wind anomalies induced by Eliassen-Palm (EP)-flux convergence over the polar cap propagate downward to the lower stratosphere/upper troposphere. Anomalous iii westerly in the subtropics cannot be explained by the stratospheric planetary-wavemean-flow interaction. Rather, it is driven by the upper tropospheric eddy momentum flux convergence, which in turn results from strong poleward wave refraction. This upper-tropospheric westerly anomaly is linked to the lower-troposphere via the eddydriven tropospheric overturning circulation, and the resulting SLP anomaly response resembles the negative NAO in the North Atlantic region.
Rectangular Amplitude Mask-Based Auto-Focus Method with a Large Range and High Precision for a Micro-LED Wafer Defects Detection System

Auto-focus technology plays an important role in the Micro-LED wafer defects detection system. How to accurately measure the defocus amount and the defocus direction of the Micro-LED wafer sample in a large linear range is one of the keys to realizing wafer defects detection. In this paper, a large range and high-precision auto-focus method based on a rectangular amplitude mask is proposed. A rectangular amplitude mask without a long edge is used to modulate the shape of the incident laser beams so that the spot shape distribution of the reflected laser beam on the sensor changes with the defocus amount of the wafer sample. By calculating the shape of the light spots, the defocus amount and the defocus direction can be obtained at the same time. The experimental results show that under the 20× microscopy objective, the linear range of the auto-focus system is 480 μm and the accuracy can reach 1 μm. It can be seen that the automatic focusing method proposed in this paper has the advantages of large linear range, high accuracy, and compact structure, which can meet the requirements of the Micro-LED wafer defects detection equipment.
A Poisson distribution-based general model of cancer rates and a cancer risk-dependent theory of aging

This article presents a formula for modeling the lifetime incidence of cancer in humans. The formula utilizes a Poisson distribution-based “np” model to predict cancer incidence, with “n” representing the effective number of cell turnover and “p” representing the probability of single-cell transformation. The model accurately predicts the observed incidence of cancer in humans when a reduction in cell turnover due to aging is taken into account. The model also suggests that cancer development is ultimately inevitable. The article proposes a theory of aging based on this concept, called the “np” theory. According to this theory, an organism maintains its order by balancing cellular entropy through continuous proliferation. However, cellular “information entropy” in the form of accumulated DNA mutations increases irreversibly over time, restricting the total number of cells an organism can generate throughout its lifetime. When cell division slows down and fails to compensate for the increased entropy in the system, aging occurs. Essentially, aging is the phenomenon of running out of predetermined cell resources. Different species have evolved separate strategies to utilize their limited cell resources throughout their life cycle.