Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A BLE-Based Pedestrian Navigation System for Car Searching in Indoor Parking Garages

The continuous global increase in the number of cars has led to an increase in parking issues, particularly with respect to the search for available parking spaces and finding cars. In this paper, we propose a navigation system for car owners to find their cars in indoor parking garages. The proposed system comprises a car-searching mobile app and a positioning-assisting subsystem. The app guides car owners to their cars based on a “turn-by-turn” navigation strategy, and has the ability to correct the user’s heading orientation. The subsystem uses beacon technology for indoor positioning, supporting self-guidance of the car-searching mobile app. This study also designed a local coordinate system to support the identification of the locations of parking spaces and beacon devices. We used Android as the platform to implement the proposed car-searching mobile app, and used Bytereal HiBeacon devices to implement the proposed positioning-assisting subsystem. We also deployed the system in a parking lot in our campus for testing. The experimental results verified that the proposed system not only works well, but also provides the car owner with the correct route guidance information.
WBI@BioCreative Track 4: Mining protein interactions and mutations for precision medicine (PM)

—Precision Medicine has recently been attracting increased interest from the scientific community. This is to be attributed both to availability of gold standard data sets as well as advances in text mining. We approached a task as a three step process, each dealing with one of the IE problems: document triage/classification, named entity recognition and relationship extraction as a joint task and finally named entity normalization. Our work relies on a combination of rule based dictionary/string matching, machine learning as well as neural networks.
Time in Causal Structure Learning

A large body of research has explored how the time between two events affects judgments of causal strength between them. In this article, we extend this work in 4 experiments that explore the role of temporal information in causal structure induction with multiple variables. We distinguish two qualitatively different types of information: The order in which events occur, and the temporal intervals between those events. We focus on one-shot learning in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, we explore how people integrate evidence from multiple observations of the same causal device. Participants’ judgments are well predicted by a Bayesian model that rules out causal structures that are inconsistent with the observed temporal order, and favors structures that imply similar intervals between causally connected components. In Experiments 3 and 4, we look more closely at participants’ sensitivity to exact event timings. Participants see three events that always occur in the same order, but the variability and correlation between the timings of the events is either more consistent with a chain or a fork structure. We show, for the first time, that even when order cues do not differentiate, people can still make accurate causal structure judgments on the basis of interval variability alone.
Complementary middle‐down and intact monoclonal antibody proteoform characterization by capillary zone electrophoresis – mass spectrometry

High‐resolution capillary zone electrophoresis – mass spectrometry (CZE‐MS) has been of increasing interest for the analysis of biopharmaceuticals. In this work, a combination of middle‐down and intact CZE‐MS analyses has been implemented for the characterization of a biotherapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) with a variety of post‐translational modifications (PTMs) and glycosylation structures. Middle‐down and intact CZE separations were performed in an acidified methanol‐water background electrolyte on a capillary with a positively charged coating (M7C4I) coupled to an Orbitrap mass spectrometer using a commercial sheathless interface (CESI). Middle‐down analysis of the IdeS‐digested mAb provided characterization of PTMs of digestion fragments. High resolution CZE enabled separation of charge variants corresponding to 2X‐deamidated, 1X‐deamidated, and non‐deamidated forms at baseline resolution. In the course of the middle‐down CZE‐MS analysis, separation of glycoforms of the FC/2 fragment was accomplished due to hydrodynamic volume differences. Several identified PTMs were confirmed by CZE‐MS2. Incorporation of TCEP‐HCl reducing agent in the sample solvent resulted in successful analysis of reduced forms without the need for alkylation. CZE‐MS studies on the intact mAb under denaturing conditions enabled baseline separation of the 2X‐glycosylated, 1X‐glycosylated, and aglycosylated populations as a result of hydrodynamic volume differences. The presence of a trace quantity of dissociated light chain was also detected in the intact protein analysis. Characterization of the mAb under native conditions verified identifications achieved via intact analysis and allowed for quantitative confirmation of proteoforms. Analysis of mAbs using CZE‐MS represents a complementary approach to the more conventional liquid‐chromatography – mass spectrometry‐based approaches.
"This Is New To Me": The Importance of Coaching For First- Time Technology Use In Primary Grades

This exploratory, qualitative case study conducted in an urban elementary school examined a second-grade teacher’s experience of first-time Chromebook use. The teacher implemented Chromebooks with the support of a technology coach, using them with her students for reading responses during guided reading. Students comprised a mixed group of twenty-five students from four second-grade classrooms. This study explored the teacher’s perspective as to possible advantages and disadvantages of Chromebook use through teacher interviews, lesson observations and debriefs, and classroom observations. Findings included: a) Despite her limited experience with Chromebooks, the teacher was willing to implement new technology, b) The technology coach was key to implementation of Chromebooks for teacher support and student use, c) Establishing clear expectations was important for sustained Chromebook use when only one teacher was in the room, and d) Students gained skills from Chromebook use that went beyond typing and familiarity with a single reading response form. This study affirmed the importance of the teacher’s beliefs and perceptions on the success of implementing new technology. The study also demonstrated the importance of a technology coach and how this teacher needed more than technology for her students; she also needed knowledge and skills in how to use technology with her students in meaningful ways. The need for mentoring was one of the strongest findings in this study in connection with teacher beliefs impacting their implementation of technology. Implications include that teachers need continued support at their level of competence, confidence, and experience in order to accomplish technology integration.
Isolation and Characterization of N-acyl Homoserine Lactone-Producing Bacteria From Cattle Rumen and Swine Intestines

Quorum sensing systems regulate gene expression in response to bacterial population density. Acyl-homoserine lactones are a class of quorum sensing molecules found in cattle rumen that are thought to regulate the gene expression of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli and thus help this pathogen survive in animal gastrointestinal tracts. However, the specific bacteria that produce these signaling molecules in bovine and porcine gastrointestinal tracts are unknown. Here we developed methods to concentrate gastrointestinal fluids and screen the bacteria that produce acyl-homoserine lactones. We isolated a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain YZ1 from cattle rumen, and an Aeromonas hydrophila strain YZ2 from pig intestine. Mass spectrometry analysis of culture supernatants indicated at least three specific classes of acyl-homoserine lactones produced by YZ1, and a C4-acyl-homoserine lactone produced by YZ2. Transformation of E. coli with P. aeruginosa or A. hydrophila luxI homologs,which can produce short- or long-chain acyl-homoserine lactones conferred upon E. coli the ability to synthesize acyl-homoserine lactones and affected gene expression, motility, and acid tolerance of E. coli. This is the first study reporting the isolation and characterization of acyl-homoserine lactone synthase-positive bacteria from cattle rumen and swine intestines.
Control of mitotic chromosome condensation by the fission yeast transcription factor Zas1

Although the formation of rod-shaped chromosomes is vital for the correct segregation of eukaryotic genomes during cell divisions, the molecular mechanisms that control the chromosome condensation process have remained largely unknown. Here, we identify the C2H2 zinc-finger transcription factor Zas1 as a key regulator of mitotic condensation dynamics in a quantitative live-cell microscopy screen of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. By binding to specific DNA target sequences in their promoter regions, Zas1 controls expression of the Cnd1 subunit of the condensin protein complex and several other target genes, whose combined misregulation in zas1 mutants results in defects in chromosome condensation and segregation. Genetic and biochemical analysis reveals an evolutionarily conserved transactivation domain motif in Zas1 that is pivotal to its function in gene regulation. Our results suggest that this motif, together with the Zas1 C-terminal helical domain to which it binds, creates a cis/trans switch module for transcriptional regulation of genes that control chromosome condensation.
Oncogenic signaling in uveal melanoma

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary cancer of the eye, and despite rapidly emerging insights into the molecular profile of this disease, prognosis of patients with metastatic uveal melanoma remains poor with mortality rates unchanged in over 35 years. Early genetic events activate G protein‐coupled receptor signaling in nearly all uveal tumors via mutually exclusive mutations in the GNAQ, GNA11, CYSLTR2, or PLCB4 genes. A multitude of signaling cascades downstream of G protein activation, including protein kinase C and mitogen‐activated protein kinase activity, are actionable, and many ongoing clinical trials are targeting these pathways. Additional cytogenetic and genetic changes, however, including chromosome 3 monosomy, mutations in the BAP1 tumor suppressor gene, alterations in the splicing factors SRSF2/SF3B1, and mutations in the translation initiation factor EIF1AX, modulate signaling output in uveal tumors and modify the risk of metastases. Here, we review the complex interactions between genetic, molecular signaling, and prognostic profiles in uveal melanoma; the clinical implications of these interactions; and the latest potential targets for rational therapy.
Development of a multistage six-axis force sensor with a high dynamic range

This study proposes a high dynamic range measurement method for a six-axis force sensor. The sensor used in this method is composed of high-rigidity and low-rigidity flexure elements. The low-rigidity flexure element is combined with an overload protection mechanism to prevent an overload in the measurement range of the high-rigidity flexure element. A high dynamic range measurement is achieved by switching the output of the two flexure elements such that the low-rigidity flexure element measures a small force and the high-rigidity flexure element measures a large force. A loading test for the designed sensor is performed, and the results indicate that it is possible to use an overload protection mechanism to prevent an overload with respect to the low-rigidity flexure element. Furthermore, the findings confirm that the sensor measures force with a high dynamic range.
Effect of intraocular scattering in macular pigment optical density measurements

Abstract. Fundus reflectometry is a common in-vivo, noninvasive method to estimate the macular pigment optical density (MPOD). The measured density, however, can be affected by the individual’s intraocular scattering. Scattering causes a reduction in the contrast of the fundus image, which in turn leads to an underestimation of the measured density. Intraocular scattering was measured optically in a group of seven young, healthy subjects using the method of optical integration and was subsequently used to correctly estimate the MPOD from fundus images. It was shown that when scattering is not considered, the measured optical density using fundus reflectometry can be underestimated by as high as 16% for our group of subjects.
Derivation of Reference Equation for 6-Minute Walk Test in Healthy North Indian Young Adult Males and Females Aged 20-40 Years

Background: Six-min walk test (6MWT) is a globally recognised assessment tool for functional capacity. It is a clinical tool to determine the prognosis and effectiveness of any therapeutic/medical intervention. However, previous reference equations for the sixminute walk distance (6MWD) have failed to accurately predict the 6MWD due to variations in population. Objective: The aims of this study were 1) to measure 6MWD in healthy North Indian young adult males and females, 2) to compare the established 6MWD with the previous studies, and 3) to develop a regression equation for healthy north Indian males and females. Material and Method: 200 healthy subjects (males=116, females=84) between 20-40 years of age were enrolled after screening. A standardized 6MWT was administered and distance was measured. Results: The mean (±SD) distance of 6MWT was 626.08±64.49 m. The previous published equation did not correctly predict the distance in north Indian population. Gender, height, age, physical activity score (PAS) and socioeconomic status (SES) showed a significant relationship with the 6MWD which Predicted 6MWD: 160.903 1.640*Age (years) + 2.540*Height (cm) – 3.708*BMI (kg/m) + 29.098*PAS + 6.931*SES + 34.815*Gender (where female = 1; male = 2) which explained around 62.5% of variance of 6MWD, whereas Gender, height and age Predicted 6MWD: 188.633 – 2.902*Age (years) + 3.257* Height (cm) + 26.780*Gender (where female = 1; male = 2) which explained 54.7% of variance of 6MWD. Conclusion: Published equations are not valid for predicting the 6MWD in healthy north Indian young adult males and females.
Handedness in shearing auxetics creates rigid and compliant structures

Giving a hand to metamaterials Auxetic materials expand in an unusual way: perpendicular to the direction in which they are stretched. Lipton et al. engineered a type of auxetic material that also has handedness. When this material is sheared, it twists either to the right or the left. By tiling the underlying patterns onto spheres and cylinders, rigid or compliant structures can be made. Linear and 4-degree-of-freedom actuators can thus be made from hollow tubes, which could be valuable for a variety of engineering and medical applications. Science, this issue p. 632 Translating two-dimensional auxetic tilings to spheres and cylinders allows engineering of rigid or compliant structures. In nature, repeated base units produce handed structures that selectively bond to make rigid or compliant materials. Auxetic tilings are scale-independent frameworks made from repeated unit cells that expand under tension. We discovered how to produce handedness in auxetic unit cells that shear as they expand by changing the symmetries and alignments of auxetic tilings. Using the symmetry and alignment rules that we developed, we made handed shearing auxetics that tile planes, cylinders, and spheres. By compositing the handed shearing auxetics in a manner inspired by keratin and collagen, we produce both compliant structures that expand while twisting and deployable structures that can rigidly lock. This work opens up new possibilities in designing chemical frameworks, medical devices like stents, robotic systems, and deployable engineering structures.
Cytomegalovirus: an unlikely ally in the fight against blood cancers?

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a potentially fatal complication in patients receiving haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but recent evidence indicates that CMV has strong anti‐leukaemia effects due in part to shifts in the composition of natural killer (NK) cell subsets. NK cells are the primary mediators of the anti‐leukaemia effect of allogeneic HSCT, and infusion of allogeneic NK cells has shown promise as a means of inducing remission and preventing relapse of several different haematological malignancies. The effectiveness of these treatments is limited, however, when tumours express human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐E, a ligand for the inhibitory receptor NKG2A, which is expressed by the vast majority of post‐transplant reconstituted and ex‐vivo expanded NK cells. It is possible to enhance NK cell cytotoxicity against HLA‐Epos malignancies by increasing the proportion of NK cells expressing NKG2C (the activating receptor for HLA‐E) and lacking the corresponding inhibitory receptor NKG2A. The proportion of NKG2Cpos/NKG2Aneg NK cells is typically low in healthy adults, but it can be increased by CMV infection or ex‐vivo expansion of NK cells using HLA‐E‐transfected feeder cells and interleukin (IL)‐15. In this review, we will discuss the role of CMV‐driven NKG2Cpos/NKG2Aneg NK cell expansion on anti‐tumour cytotoxicity and disease progression in the context of haematological malignancies, and explore the possibility of harnessing NKG2Cpos/NKG2Aneg NK cells for cancer immunotherapy.
Believe Her! The Woman Never Lies Myth

Empirical evidence does not support the widespread belief that women are extremely unlikely to make false accusations of male sexual misconduct. Rather the research on accusations of rape, sexual harassment, incest, and child sexual abuse indicates that false accusations have become a serious problem. The motivations involved in making a false report are widely varied and include confusion, outside influence from therapists and others, habitual lying, advantages in custody disputes, financial gain, and the political ideology of radical feminism. Male sexual misconduct — rape, incest, stalking, sexual harassment, child molestation, pornography trafficking — has, according to some observers, become a problem so big that it demands a big solution, not only the reform of our legal system but of our entire society. Yet the increasingly heated debate over this crisis has focused primarily on how these misbehaviors are defined and how often they occur. The estimated numbers keep mounting. We hear that perhaps 31 million women are suffering from some form of rape, 41 million from harassment, 58 million from child sexual abuse, and all 125 million of them — from toddlers to grandmothers — from a toxic "rape culture" that suffocates the feminine spirit. Much less discussed is how often an allegation of male sexual misconduct is false. The question seldom enters the debate because, presumably, it had long ago been settled. Pennsylvania State Law Professor Philip Jenkins (1993), in a review of the "feminist jurisprudence" which leads the sex crisis counterattack, reports that in response to the question its proponents have established an "unchallengeable orthodoxy. " It is that "women did not lie about such victimization, never lied, not out of personal malice, not from mental instability or derangement" (p.19).
Incidence and Risk Factors of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Population-Based Diabetic Foot Cohort (ADFC Study)—Two-Year Follow-Up Study

Aim/Introduction This study was carried out to assess the incidence and risk factors of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Materials and Methods In this prospective cohort study in a university hospital, all the participants were examined and followed up for new DFU as final outcome for two years. To analyze the data, the variables were first evaluated with a univariate analysis. Then variables with P value < 0.2 were tested with a multivariate analysis, using backward-elimination multiple logistic regression. Results Among 605 patients, 39 cases had DFU, so we followed up the remaining 566 patients without any present or history of DFU. A two-year cumulative incidence of diabetic foot ulcer was 5.62% (95% CI 3.89–8.02). After analysis, previous history of DFU or amputation [OR = 9.65, 95% CI (2.13–43.78), P value = 0.003], insulin usage [OR = 5.78, 95% CI (2.37–14.07), P value < 0.01], gender [OR = 3.23, 95% CI (1.33–7.83), P value = 0.01], distal neuropathy [OR = 3.37, 95% CI (1.40–8.09), P value = 0.007], and foot deformity [OR = 3.02, 95% CI (1.10–8.29), P value = 0.032] had a statistically significant relationship with DFU incidence. Conclusion Our data showed that the average annual DFU incidence is about 2.8%. Independent risk factors of DFU development were previous history of DFU or amputation, insulin consumption, gender, distal neuropathy, and foot deformity. These findings provide support for a multifactorial etiology for DFU.
Occlusal features and need for orthodontic treatment in persons with osteogenesis imperfecta

The aim of the study was to (a) analyse dental occlusion and determine the need for orthodontic treatment of persons with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) in comparison with the healthy population and (b) investigate the associations between OI and malocclusion. A case‐control study included 26 OI persons and 400 healthy participants (control group). Occlusal features and the need for orthodontic treatment were defined according to Dental Health Component‐Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need and Dental Aesthetic Index. Results showed that Angle Class I, II, and III relationship was found in 23.1%, 3.8%, and 73.1% of OI group, and in the control group, it was 67%, 17.5%, and 15.5%, respectively. OI group had significantly higher prevalence of reverse overjet >1 mm (76.9%), missing teeth (42.3%), posterior crossbite (34.6%), and open bite >2 mm (19.2%) compared to the control group (8.5%, 2.2%, 6.2%, and 3.5%, respectively). OI group had less incisal segment crowding and more incisal segment spacing than the control group (p < 0.05). The need for orthodontic treatment of OI group according to Dental Health Component‐Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need and Dental Aesthetic Index was 88.5% and 61.5%, respectively, while in the control group, it was 24.8% and 51.8%. The malocclusion in OI persons was associated with reverse overjet > 1 mm (OR = 13.3, 95% CI = 3.9–44.7, p < .001), Angle Class III malocclusion (OR = 8.0, 95% CI = 2.0–30.8, p = .003), and missing teeth (OR = 4.7, 95% CI = 1.0–22.4, p = .049). In conclusion, there is the high probability of malocclusion in OI persons. Persons with OI require early orthodontic treatment because of significant correlation of OI disease with Angle Class III malocclusion, reverse overjet, and missing teeth.
Action synchronization with biological motion

The ability to predict the actions of other agents is vital for joint action tasks. Recent theory suggests that action prediction relies on an emulator system that permits observers to use information about their own motor dynamics to predict the actions of other agents. If this is the case, then predictions for self-generated actions should be more accurate than predictions for other-generated actions. We tested this hypothesis by employing a self/other synchronization paradigm where prediction accuracy for recording of self-generated movements was compared with prediction accuracy for other-generated movements. As expected, predictions were more accurate when the observer’s movement dynamics matched the movement dynamics of the recording. This is consistent with that idea that the observer’s movement dynamics influence the predictions they generate.