Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spiritual Therapy in Coping with Cancer as a Complementary Medical Preventive Practice

There are many of methods of treating cancer. However, the concept of curing the cancer is beyond our current knowledge. Some patients who have the cancer may seek an alternative manner of curing their disease. Alternative medicines, such as spiritual and complementary therapy, are able to cure the cancer and, at the least, are safe. Research on the importance of spirituality in cancer care has mainly been performed in geographically heterogeneous populations. The results are limited to these specific religious-cultural contexts and enlightened by contributions from ethnicity and religion. This article focused on the religiousness and spiritual support of cancer patients from diverse and heterogeneous groups around the globe. An electronic search of peer-reviewed articles was systematically performed to obtain the relevant literature with the CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases. The keywords included religion, cancer, illness, psychotherapy, and spiritual and alternative treatment/therapies. The inclusion criteria for the reviews were that the documents were original quantitative research and published in English. Articles that were not directly relevant to the present objective were excluded. The present outcome of these review resources suggest that it may be helpful for clinicians to address spirituality, particularly with regard to prevention, healing, and survival of cancer patients. This article indicates that it may be useful for clinical oncologists to be informed of the prevalence of the use of spiritual medicine in their specialized field. In addition, patients should routinely be asked about the use of spiritual medicine as part of every cancer patient’s evaluation.
Book Reviews

This new collection attempts to apply the critical tools of postcolonial theory to organizational analysis, particularly in its progressive sub-discipline of Critical Management Studies (CMS). In 12 chapters, written by an international group of contributors (mostly based in the USA and the UK), the anthology offers an engaging and multidisciplinary discussion of the colonial aspects of management and organizations in an age of globalization. The book is organized into two parts: (1) a series of discussions of postcolonial management and organization theory; and (2) a series of case studies of postcolonial management scholarship. Two chapters, which make the general argument for an intellectual cross-pollination between postcolonialism and organization studies, frame these sections. In the introduction, editor Anshuman Prasad, who is extremely well versed in postcolonial theory, provides the reader with an admirably lucid summary of this discourse’s key scholars and their arguments. Prasad expands the common triumvirate of Edward W. Said, Homi K. Bhabha, and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak to a quadrumvirate by adding Ashis Nandy, who is less well known in the West. In his formidable task, Prasad shows himself to be an excellent synthesizer, but never a simplifier, and he is clearly aware of the ambiguities and heterogeneities inherent in the postcolonial project. Postcolonial theory, which originated in literary theory and has traditionally concerned itself primarily with the cultural aspects of the colonial encounter, has hitherto been curiously absent from management and organization studies, and Prasad argues that this oversight has been detrimental to the discipline’s ability to understand contemporary management and organizational processes. The main contribution which postcolonial theory can offer to organization studies is providing scholars with a fresh look at common phenomena through the technique of defamiliarization (the term was coined by the Russian Formalist Viktor Shklovksy, but Prasad appears unaware of its literary pedigree). By viewing contemporary phenomena like globalization and multiculturalism through the lens of postcolonial theory, organization studies gains access not only to a sophisticated theoretical vocabulary, but also to an ethically powerful critique of western modernity and its concomitant economic, cultural, social, and ecological effects. Organization Studies 25(1): 315–327 ISSN 0170–8406 Copyright © 2004 SAGE Publications (London, Thousand Oaks, CA & New Delhi) 315 Authors name
Utility and productivity enhancing public capital in a growing economy

We examine the impact of scal policy on macroeconomic performance and welfare when public capital provides both productive and utility services to the private sector. When these services are subject to congestion, a consumption tax is distortionary, generating a dynamic adjustment that contrasts with that of an income tax. In correcting for congestion, an income tax-consumption subsidy combination is the preferred policy when factor-substitutability in production is limited. On the other hand, an increase in the elasticity of substitution in production raises the e¢ cacy of a consumption tax as an alternative to the income tax. Not recognizing the relative importance of public capital in utility services might lead the scal authority to incorrectly estimate the impact of public policies on welfare. The design of optimal scal policy demonstrates the possibilities for using both incomeand consumption-based scal instruments as opposed to relying on only the income tax rate. Department of Economics, Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Phone: +1-706-542-3696. Email: schatt@terry.uga. edu yCorresponding Author: Department of Economics and Finance, Brunel Business School, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, United Kingdom. Phone:+44-1895-266887. Email: Sugata.Ghosh@brunel.ac. uk
Proving Pointer Program Properties. Part 1: Context and overview

Efforts to reason formally about programs, and in particular to prove their properties mathematically, have no practical value unless they can handle all the language facilities on which realistic programs depend. It is then not surprising that one of the biggest obstacles to the spread of such correctness-guaranteeing methods has been the lack of a good way to model the highly dynamic nature of the run-time structures created by object-oriented programs — and by most plain C or Pascal programs — with their heavy use of pointers, or references, from object to object. The present discussion proposes a mathematical theory for modeling pointer-rich object structures and proving their properties. The model only uses simple concepts from set theory: sets, relations, functions, composition, restriction, image. For run-time operations all it needs is the notion of event, a function yielding a new program state from an existing one. The model has two principal applications: •T he coarse-grained version of the model, considering only the existence or not of a reference between an object and another, gives a basis for discussing overall properties of the object structure, defining as a result the correctness constraints of memory management and especially garbage collection, full or incremental. Mathematically, this model uses a binary relation. •T he fine-grained version, based on functions which together make up the relation of the coarse-grained version, integrates the properties of individual object fields. As a result, it allows proving the correctness of classes describing structures with luxurious pointer foliage, from linked lists and graphs to B-trees and double-ended queues. This is part of a series of 3 articles. Parts 2 and 3 will be published in the May-June 2003 issue of JOT.
From Earth to Mars: Sex Differences and Their Implications for Musculoskeletal Health

&NA; Historically, most diagnostic and treatment modalities have been based on a male model. Osteoporosis is one of the few diseases in which there has been sex‐based research and treatment bias in favor of women. As such, it is not known whether treatments developed for women will be efficacious for men. Similarly, scientists are just beginning to research whether sex‐based differences in musculoskeletal health exist with extended space travel. Both women and men lose muscle and bone with extended space travel, but the low numbers of female astronauts combined with a lack of discrete data make it challenging to accurately pinpoint sex‐based differences. More data collection is needed to ensure that the musculoskeletal health of astronauts is better managed both on earth and in space.
Multicommodity facility location under group Steiner access cost

Motivated by publish-subscribe mechanisms in networks, we introduce a new class of multicommodity facility location problems: Multicommodity Group Steiner Facility Location (MGSFL). The input to MGSFL consists of a metric space over a given set of locations, a cost function which provides a building cost for each commodity at each location, a set of clients located at various points in the metric, and the set of commodities that each client is interested in reaching. A solution to MGSFL consists of (a) for each commodity, the locations where facilities are built, and (b) for each client, a tree connecting the client to at least one facility for each commodity in its interest set. The goal is to minimize the sum of the total facility building costs and the metric cost of the client trees. MGSFL is a natural generalization of the well-studied Group Steiner Tree problem, which is equivalent to the special case of MGSFL in which every building cost is either 0 or ∞ and there is only one client. We also note that given the facility locations, the best client tree is an optimal solution to an appropriate Group Steiner Tree instance. Since the Group Steiner Tree problem is hard to approximate to within a factor of Ω(log2−∈ m) times optimum unless NP has quasi-polynomial Las Vegas algorithms, where m is the number of commodities, the same hardness result immediately extends to MGSFL. Our main result is a randomized 2O(√log n log log n)-approximation algorithm for MGSFL, where n is the number of clients. We also present deterministic poly-logarithmic approximations for three special cases. We give an O(log n)-approximation algorithm when the facility building costs differ only by commodity, not by location. We present an O(log4 n log m)-approximation algorithm when the interest sets are laminar --- i.e., for each pair of clients, either their interest sets do not intersect or else one client's interest set is contained within the other client's interest set. We end with an O(log n)-approximation algorithm when there are no building costs but each commodity must be built exactly once.
A simple visual navigation system for an UAV

We present a simple and robust monocular camera-based navigation system for an autonomous quadcopter. The method does not require any additional infrastructure like radio beacons, artificial landmarks or GPS and can be easily combined with other navigation methods and algorithms. Its computational complexity is independent of the environment size and it works even when sensing only one landmark at a time, allowing its operation in landmark poor environments. We also describe an FPGA based embedded realization of the method's most computationally demanding phase.
Transpersonal Psychology in Heart-Centered Therapies

We look at areas of potential conflict in spiritual involvement in psychotherapy: the degree of the therapist's personal openness, dogmatic rigidity or unresolved spiritual conflicts that may influence the client through countertransference. We review areas of intersection between spiritual realms and Heart-Centered therapies, particularly ways of directly accessing the client's soul or, conversely, healing loss of soul through soul retrieval. One of the traditions that provides the needed "technology of consciousness" is the shamanistic healing approach. We note similarities between the shamanic state of consciousness (SSC) and that of clients in Heart-Centered therapeutic states, as well as the experience of young children ("Except ye become as little children, ye shall not enter into the kingdom of heaven"). Other traditions that provide "technologies of consciousness" for incorporating spiritual with psychological growth include Jungian psychology and Kundalini meditation.
Knowledge and Perceptions of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Chinese Immigrants in a Canadian Urban Centre

Background. Since most tuberculosis (TB) cases in immigrants to British Columbia (BC), Canada, develop from latent TB infection (LTBI), treating immigrants for LTBI can contribute to the eradication of TB. However, adherence to LTBI treatment is a challenge that is influenced by knowledge and perceptions. This research explores Chinese immigrants' knowledge and perceptions towards LTBI in Greater Vancouver. Methods. This mixed methods study included a cross-sectional patient survey at BC's Provincial TB clinics and two focus group discussions (FGDs) with Chinese immigrants. Data from FGDs were coded and analyzed in Simplified Chinese. Codes, themes, and selected quotes were then translated into English. Results. The survey identified a mean basic knowledge score: 40.0% (95% CI: 38.3%, 41.7%). FGDs confirmed that Chinese immigrants' knowledge of LTBI was low, and they confused it with TB disease to the extent of experiencing LTBI associated stigma. Participants also expressed difficulties navigating the health system which impeded testing and treatment of LTBI. Online videos were the preferred format for receiving health information. Conclusion. We identified striking gaps in knowledge surrounding an LTBI diagnosis. Concerns of stigma may influence acceptance and adherence of LTBI treatment in Chinese immigrants. Integrating these findings into routine health care is recommended.
Recovery by triple junction motion in aluminium deformed to ultrahigh strains

Commercial purity aluminium at true strains ϵ=2∼5.5 was annealed in a wide temperature range (from room temperature to 220°C), and the evolution of microstructure was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) techniques. Triple junctions in an ultrafine lamellar structure are classified into three categories based on the structural morphology, and a relationship is formulated between the density (length per unit volume) of triple junctions and the boundary spacing. The triple junction density increases with increasing strain during plastic deformation and decreases during isochronal and isothermal annealing. Based on TEM and EBSD observations, thermally activated triple junction motion is identified as the key process during the recovery of highly strained aluminium, leading to the removal of thin lamellae with small dihedral angles at the ends and structural coarsening. A mechanism for recovery by triple junction motion is proposed, which can underpin the general observation that a lamellar structure formed by plastic deformation during annealing can evolve into an equiaxed structure, preceding further structural coarsening and recrystallization. Within this framework, the grain boundary surface tension on triple junctions is discussed based on the structural parameters characterizing the deformed and annealed microstructure.
A Novel Synchronous Scheduling Service for CORBA-RT Applications

Although distributed real-time (RT) systems are intrinsically complex to develop and maintain, the use of certain object-oriented (OO) technologies such as CORBA and CORBA-RT facilitates those tasks. This is the main reason why these technologies are becoming increasingly popular. Moreover, CORBA is complemented with additional services that solve specific requirements for some applications, so developers may concentrate on the application functionality. Following this approach, this paper presents a new service that allows the synchronous scheduling of different activities in a distributed RT system in a simple and flexible way. This paper also explains how this service can be used for optimizing that access to shared resources in a distributed system and presents several experimental data that show the service performance
Adaptive contact probing mechanisms for delay tolerant applications

In many delay tolerant applications, information is opportunistically exchanged between mobile devices who encounter each other. In order to effect such information exchange, mobile devices must have knowledge of other devices in their vicinity. We consider scenarios in which there is no infrastructure and devices must probe their environment to discover other devices. This can be an extremely energy consuming process and highlights the need for energy conscious contact probing mechanisms. If devices probe very infrequently, they might miss many of their contacts. On the other hand, frequent contact probing might be energy inefficient. In this paper, we investigate the trade-off between the probability of missing a contact and the contact probing frequency. First, via theoretical analysis, we characterize the trade-off between the probability of a missed contact and the contact probing interval for stationary processes. Next, for time varying contact arrival rates, we provide an optimization framework to compute the optimal contact probing interval as a function of the arrival rate. We characterize real world contact patterns via Bluetooth phone contact logging experiments and show that the contact arrival process is self-similar. We design STAR, a contact probing algorithm which adapts to the contact arrival process. Via trace driven simulations on our experimental data, we show that STAR consumes three times less energy when compared to a constant contact probing interval scheme.
Neuroblast Division during Migration toward the Ischemic Striatum: A Study of Dynamic Migratory and Proliferative Characteristics of Neuroblasts from the Subventricular Zone

Ischemic stroke induces neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ), and newly generated neurons in the SVZ migrate toward the ischemic boundary. However, the characteristics of migrating SVZ cells have not been investigated after stroke. Using time-lapse imaging in both SVZ cells and organotypic brain slice cultures, we measured the dynamics of SVZ cell division and migration of adult rats subjected to stroke. In normal brain slices, SVZ cells primarily migrated dorsally and ventrally along the lateral ventricular surface. However, in stroke brain slices, SVZ cells migrated laterally toward the striatal ischemic boundary. Cultured stroke-derived SVZ cells exhibited a significant (p < 0.01) increase in the migration distance (212 ± 21 μm) compared with the nonstroke-derived SVZ cells (97 ± 12 μm). Migrating stroke-derived SVZ cells spent significantly (p = 0.01) less time in cytokinesis (0.63 ± 0.04 h) compared with the time (1.09 ± 0.09 h) for nonstroke-derived SVZ cells. Newborn cells with a single leading process exhibited fast migration (7.2 ± 0.8 μm/h), and cells with multiple processes showed stationary migration (3.6 ± 0.8 μm/h). Stroke SVZ daughter cells further divided during their migration. The morphology of doublecortin (DCX)-positive cells in fixed brain sections resembled those observed in cultured newborn cells, and the DCX-positive cells proliferated in the ischemic striatum. Collectively, the present study suggests that stroke promotes cytokinesis of migrating neuroblasts, and these cells migrate toward the ischemic striatum with distinct migratory behaviors and retain the capacity for cell division during migration.
Gap junctions in the inner ear: Comparison of distribution patterns in different vertebrates and assessement of connexin composition in mammals

The distribution and size of gap junctions (GJ) in the sensory epithelia of the inner ear have been examined in a reptile (gecko), birds (chicken and owl), and mammals (mouse, guinea pig, gerbil, and bat), and the connexin composition of GJs in the mammalian inner ear has been assessed. Freeze fracture revealed a common pattern of GJ distribution in auditory and vestibular sensory epithelia in the different vertebrate classes. In all these tissues, GJs are numerous, often occupying more than 25% of the plasma membrane area of supporting cells and sometimes composed of more than 100,000 channels. Screening for 12 members of the connexin family in the mammalian inner ear by RT‐PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry revealed four connexin isotypes, cx26, cx30, cx31, and cx43, in the cochlea and three, cx26, cx30, and cx43, in the vestibular organs. With antibodies characterised for their specificity, cx26 and cx30 colocalised in supporting cells of the organ of Corti, in the basal cell region of the stria vascularis, and in type 1 fibrocytes of the spiral ligament. No other connexin was detected in these regions. Cx31 was localised among type 2 fibrocytes below the spiral prominence, a region where cx30 was not expressed and cx26 expression appeared to be low. Cx43 was detected only in the region of “tension fibrocytes” lining the inner aspect of the otic capsule. This suggests separate functional compartments in the cochlea. In addition to cx26 and cx30, cx43 was detected in supporting cells of the vestibular sensory epithelia. Where cx26 and cx30 were colocalised, double immunogold labelling of thin sections showed both cx26 and cx30 evenly distributed in individual GJ plaques, a pattern consistent with the presence of heteromeric connexons. Coimmunoprecipitation of cochlear membrane proteins solubilised with a procedure that preserves the oligomeric structure of connexons confirmed the presence of heteromeric cx26/cx30 connexons. Heteromeric cx26/cx30 connexons may be unique to the inner ear, which could be one factor underlying the non‐syndromic character of the deafness caused by mutations in cx26. J. Comp. Neurol. 467:207–231, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cross-layer latency minimization in wireless networks with SINR constraints

Recently, there has been substantial interest in the design of cross-layer protocols for wireless networks. These protocols optimize certain performance metric(s) of interest (e.g. latency, energy, rate) by jointly optimizing the performance of multiple layers of the protocol stack. Algorithm designers often use geometric-graph-theoretic models for radio interference to design such cross-layer protocols. In this paper we study the problem of designing cross-layer protocols for multi-hop wireless networks using a more realistic Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) model for radio interference. The following cross-layer latency minimization problem is studied: Given a set V of transceivers, and a set of source-destination pairs, (i) choose power levels for all the transceivers, (ii) choose routes for all connections, and (iii) construct an end-to-end schedule such that the SINR constraints are satisfied at each time step so as to minimize the make-span of the schedule (the time by which all packets have reached their respective destinations). We present a polynomial-time algorithm with provable worst-case performance guarantee for this cross-layer latency minimization problem. As corollaries of the algorithmic technique we show that a number of variants of the cross-layer latency minimization problem can also be approximated efficiently in polynomial time. Our work extends the results of Kumar et al. (Proc. SODA, 2004) and Moscibroda et al. (Proc. MOBIHOC, 2006). Although our algorithm considers multiple layers of the protocol stack, it can naturally be viewed as compositions of tasks specific to each layer --- this allows us to improve the overall performance while preserving the modularity of the layered structure.
Randomness of Horner’s rule and a new method of generating random numbers

In this paper we first show that we can obtain uniform random numbers using Horner's rule in the domain of cancellation error. Then we generalize its mechanism of randomness and introduce a new method of generating random numbers which we call the Shift-Real method (SR). The (SR) is a very flexible method and can generate many series of random numbers easily and in parallel.