Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tunneling of an optical soliton through a fiber junction

Two cases involving soliton tunneling through a finite-length junction between two long optical fibers are considered. First, it is shown that a junction with a certain length and a properly chosen dispersion, intermediate to that of the adjacent main fibers, can give rise to efficient chirp-free pulse compression. Second, conditions for solitons to survive tunneling through a junction dominated by linear dispersive effects are investigated.
A multi-layered split ring metamaterial for a multiwavelength and tunable lasing spaser

We report a multiwavelength and tunable lasing spaser realized by a gain-assisted metamaterial. The metamaterial consists of three regularly spaced parallel arrays of weakly asymmetric metallic split rings, with the first-layered array located on the gain medium surface and the other two-layered arrays embedded in it. Our simulations demonstrate that the three-layered metamaterial can radiate three-wavelength electromagnetic waves with high Q factors and transmission enhancement, which can be tuned by varying the gain coefficient.
Recovery of Biologically Active Compounds from Stinging Nettle Leaves Part II: Processing of Exhausted Plant Material after Supercritical Fluid Extraction

Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) is one fantastic plant widely used in folk medicine, pharmacy, cosmetics, and food. This plant’s popularity may be explained by its chemical composition, containing a wide range of compounds significant for human health and diet. This study aimed to investigate extracts of exhausted stinging nettle leaves after supercritical fluid extraction obtained using ultrasound and microwave techniques. Extracts were analyzed to obtain insight into the chemical composition and biological activity. These extracts were shown to be more potent than those of previously untreated leaves. The principal component analysis was applied as a pattern recognition tool to visualize the antioxidant capacity and cytotoxic activity of extract obtained from exhausted stinging nettle leaves. An artificial neural network model is presented for the prediction of the antioxidant activity of samples according to polyphenolic profile data, showing a suitable anticipation property (the r2 value during the training cycle for output variables was 0.999).
Coupling of hierarchical piezoelectric plate finite elements via Arlequin method

Coupling of piezoelectric plate elements based on different through-the-thickness expansions and variational principles through the Arlequin method is proposed in this article. Computational cost is reduced assuming refined models only in those zones of the structure where high accuracy is needed. Piezoelectric finite elements are formulated on the basis of a unified formulation. Higher order, layer-wise and mixed finite elements are easily obtained via unified formulation. This formulation is extended to the Arlequin method in the piezoelectric context to derive matrices related to coupling zones. Two electro-mechanical coupling operators are proposed. Multilayered plates are investigated. Numerical results show that the Arlequin method in the context of unified formulation couples sub-domains having different piezoelectric finite elements effectively.
Experimental Evaluation of Theories for Trailing Edge and Incidence Fluctuation Noise

Tests were conducted to evaluate conflicting theories for trailing edge noise and for incidence fluctuation noise. A flat-plate airfoil with flush-mounted surface pressure transducers was tested in an anechoic wind tunnel at velocities of 31.5-177 m/sec (108-580 fps) and nominal 4 and 6°7o grid-generated turbulence levels. In one series of runs, the airfoil was faired into the tunnel nozzle and extended beyond the nozzle lip for studies of trailing edge noise without a leading edge and with flow on only one side. Such noise was found to vary with velocity to the fifth power and turbulence level squared, as predicted by Ffowcs Williams and Hall and by Chase. Power spectral density at high frequencies decayed approximately inversely with frequency to the 10/3 power, as predicted by Chase. The data were poorly predicted by Hayden's correlation. Additional tests were conducted with the airfoil mounted on the tunnel centerline, with flow on both sides and turbulence convected past the leading edge. Surface pressure spectra caused by incidence fluctuations were reasonably predicted by the theories of Filotas and Mugridge at high frequencies, but were more closely predicted by that of Filotas at low frequencies. Far-field spectra decayed more rapidly than was predicted by their theory within a compact source analysis when the product of Strouhal number and Mach number was larger than about 0.5. Hayden's correction for acoustic noncompactness, which may also describe a phase cancellation effect on lift force, brought Filotas' theory into agreement with far-field spectra.
Towards Optimized K Means Clustering Using Nature-Inspired Algorithms for Software Bug Prediction

7 In today’s software development environment, the necessity for providing quality software 8 products has undoubtedly remained the largest diﬀiculty. As a result, early software bug 9 prediction in the development phase is critical for lowering maintenance costs and improving 10 overall software performance. Clustering is a well-known unsupervised method for data 11 classification and finding related patterns hidden in datasets.
Quench protection analysis of the Mu2e production solenoid

The Muon-to-Electron conversion experiment (Mu2e), under development at Fermilab, seeks to detect direct muon to electron conversion to provide evidence for a process violating muon and electron lepton number conservation that cannot be explained by the Standard Model of particle physics. The Mu2e magnet system consists of three large superconducting solenoids. In case of a quench, the stored magnetic energy is extracted to an external dump circuit. However, because of the fast current decay, a significant fraction of the energy dissipates inside of the cryostat in the coil support shells made of structural aluminum, and in the radiation shield. A 3D finite-element model of the complete cold-mass was created in order to simulate the quench development and understand the role of the quench-back. The simulation results are reported at the normal and non-standard operating conditions.
The Ly-alpha/H-alpha ratio in high-redshift radio galaxies

The first spectroscopic detection of H-alpha emission from radio galaxies at z greater than 2 are presented. Strong H-alpha emission is detected at z = 2.429 in B3 0731 + 438, and H-alpha is directed at z = 2.428 in 0406 - 244 at a significant level of greater than 6 sigma. The resulting Ly-alpha/H-alpha ratios for 0731 + 438 and 0406 - 244 are 3.9 and 3.2 with 3 sigma uncertainties of 1.5 for each. A range of possible extinctions is derived depending on the reddening-free Ly-alpha/H-alpha ratio assumed and the extinction curve employed. The most important result of this study is the demonstration that the Ly-alpha/H-alpha ratio in distant galaxies can now be measured with relative ease.
Improved Model Predictive Control With Reduced DC-Link Capacitor RMS Current for Back-to-Back Converter-Fed PMSM Drives

A low root mean square (RMS) current flowing through the intermediate dc-link capacitor is always desired in the back-to-back (BTB) voltage source converters (VSCs)-fed motor drive, such that the designed capacitor lifespan can be extended or a lower dc-link size could be the alternative with improved power density. The conventional modulator-based control involves the inherent carrier-based switching operation, and hence the dominant harmonics at carrier frequency multiplier and carrier sideband are introduced into the capacitor current. Therefore, the finite-control-set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) is proposed to optimize the capacitor RMS current. The switching pulse is generated directly without using the carrier, which can give a distinctive capacitor current spectrum and more possible current pulse cancelation between the BTB VSCs can be conveniently achieved through the cost function. Besides, the acceptable grid-current quality and the motor performance are maintained by using a tunable weighting factor. The simulated and experimental results highlight the effectiveness and benefits of the proposed method in terms of 20%–35% capacitor RMS current reduction compared to the synchronous carrier-based space vector pulsewidth modulation scheme and also significant improvements over the distributed predictive manner.
Grid-Forming Controller Based on Virtual Admittance for Power Converters Working in Weak Grids

The high penetration of distributed energy resources, based on power electronics, is giving rise to stability issues in the electrical network, as initially those plants were not required to provide either voltage or frequency support. Due to this, transmission system operators (TSOs) and distribution system operators (DSOs) have set new requirements for them to provide grid support functionalities. This article presents a grid forming control strategy for power converters which is based on a virtual admittance loop. By means of this strategy it is possible to use a conventional current control based inverter, just adding this outer loop. By doing so, the converter is not only able to perform current control, but also frequency and voltage support functionalities. In this article, the proposed control is described and analyzed, checking as well its stability boundaries. After this analysis, the results obtained in a hardware-in-the-loop platform, where faulty scenarios, islanding or black start conditions, will be shown. Finally, the results obtained in an experimental true scale workbench will show its effectiveness for providing such services.
The Problem of Regression Assumptions and the Use of Predictive Modeling

Predictive modeling includes regression, both logistic and linear, depending upon the type of outcome variable. However, as the datasets are generally too large for a p-value to have meaning, predictive modeling uses other measures of model fit. Generally, too, there are enough observations so that the data can be partitioned into two or more datasets. The first subset is used to define (or train) the model. The second subset can be used in an iterative process to improve the model. The third subset is used to test the model for accuracy. The definition of “best” model needs to be considered as well. In a regression model, the “best” model is one that satisfies the criteria of uniform minimum variance unbiased estimator. In other words, it is only “best” in the class of unbiased estimators. As soon as the class of estimators is expanded, “best” no longer exists, and we must define the criteria that we will use to determine a “best” fit. There are several criteria to consider. For a binary outcome variable, we can use the misclassification rate. However, especially in medicine, misclassification can have different costs. A false positive error is not as costly as a false negative error if the outcome involves the diagnosis of a terminal disease. We will discuss the similarities and differences between the types of modeling. Another consideration is the assumptions required for regression; predictive modeling is more nonparametric in nature. We will examine the assumption of normality and the use of the Central Limit Theorem.
Performance Comparison for Hearth Rate Signal Detection for Different Location in Fingertip and Wrist Using Sensor MAX30102

Abstract. Measuring vital body signals is essential to measure basic body functions, prevent misdiagnosis, detect underlying health problems and motivate healthy lifestyle changes. Vital body signals are measured at the fingertips because the skin is thin, and the blood vessels are transparent. Visible light is passed at the fingertips, and the pulses generated are still acceptable on the outer nail. However, the body's vital signal measuring device continuously attached to the fingertip causes discomfort to the user. Therefore, in this study, it is proposed to measure the body's vital signals in other body parts. The wrist was chosen to be attached to the body's vital signal measuring device because the measuring device attached to the wrist allows it to continue to be used. This study aims to measure the body's vital signals, especially heart rate, on the wrist so that the correlation level of the measurement data is known. The main contribution of this study is built an electronic system to measure vital body signals, especially heart rate at the wrist with the help of the MAX30102 sensor that uses visible light with 650 - 670 nm. The MAX30102 sensor, which uses visible light with 650 - 670 nm, was selected for measurement. The ratio of the light reflected through the fingertips compared to the wrist. The result of measuring the heart rate signal on the wrist is in the form of a relatively flat wave so that the data sharpening process is carried out using the detrend method. The results showed that the measurement of heart rate signals at the wrist and fingertips of 15 respondents had accuration 85%. The accuration value shows that the data from the heart rate signal at the wrist is closely correlated with the data from the measurement of the heart rate signal at the fingertips. Therefore, measurements of heart rate signals, usually performed on the fingertips, can also be performed on the wrist. From the test results with a strong accuration, measurements are always taken when the hand can measure the place to measure vital signals, which is usually done at the fingertips.
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Perceived Immunity Among the Saudi Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is a model of a sustainable dietary pattern. It has a protective role against coronary heart diseases, but nowadays it is hypothesized against many other diseases. Aim of the study This study aims to assess the prevalence of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its association with immune status among the general Saudi population. Subjects and methods A cross-sectional study design was conducted over a sample size of 327 Saudi adults living in Jeddah. A self-administered online questionnaire was distributed in a digital Google Form via various social networks using the convenient sampling technique. The questionnaire had four major divisions: sociodemographic, general health characteristics, adherence to MedDiet, and immune status. The data were collected, validated, and subjected to statistical analysis. Results The study showed a statistically significant association between adherence to MedDiet and perceived immune status (p-value <0.05). However, the associations between adherence to MedDiet and having any chronic illness, and perceived general health were not statistically significant (p-value >0.05). Multivariable regression models showed that sex and occupation are significant predictors of adherence to MedDiet. Conclusion This study concluded that despite low adherence to MedDiet among Saudis, there was an association between adherence to MedDiet and immune status. This study recommends the implementation of MedDiet as an intervention for the management of chronic diseases to be considered by policymakers and guideline developers.
Detection sensitivity enhancement of magnon Kerr nonlinearity in cavity magnonics induced by coherent perfect absorption

We show how to enhance the detection sensitivity of magnon Kerr nonlinearity (MKN) in cavity magnonics. The considered cavity-magnon system consists of a three-dimensional microwave cavity containing two yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres, where the two magnon modes (one has the MKN, while the other is linear) in YIG spheres are simultaneously coupled to microwave photons. To obtain the effective gain of the cavity mode, we feed two input fields into the cavity. By choosing appropriate parameters, the coherent perfect absorption of the two input fields occurs, and the cavity-magnon system can be described by an effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Under the pseudo-Hermitian conditions, the effective Hamiltonian can host the third-order exceptional point (EP3), where the three eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian coalesce into one. When the magnon frequency shift $\Delta_K$ induced by the MKN is much smaller than the linewidths $\Gamma$ of the peaks in the transmission spectrum of the cavity (i.e., $\Delta_K\ll \Gamma$), the magnon frequency shift can be amplified by the EP3, which can be probed via the output spectrum of the cavity. The scheme we present provides an alternative approach to measure the MKN in the region $\Delta_K\ll \Gamma$ and has potential applications in designing low-power nonlinear devices based on the MKN.
A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF CORRELATION METHODOLOGY WIDELY USED IN HEAT TRANSFER AND FLUID FLOW

The correlation methodology widely used in heat transfer and fluid flow is based on fitting power laws to data. Because all power laws of positive exponent include the point (0,0), this methodology includes the tacit assumption that phenomena are best described by correlations that include the point (0,0). • If a phenomenon occurs near (0,0), the assumption is obviously valid. For example, laminar flow occurs near (0,0), and therefore the assumption is valid for laminar flow pressure drop correlations. • If a phenomenon does not occur near (0,0), the assumption is obviously invalid. For example, turbulent flow does not occur near (0,0)—it occurs only after a critical Reynolds number is reached. Therefore the assumption is invalid for turbulent flow pressure drop correlations. When the assumption is invalid, the correlation methodology widely used in heat transfer and fluid flow is lacking in rigor. The impact of the lack of rigor is evidenced by examples that demonstrate that, when this methodology is applied to phenomena that do not occur in the vicinity of (0,0), highly nonlinear power laws oftentimes result from data that exhibit highly linear behavior. Because the widely used methodology lacks rigor when applied to phenomena that do not occur near (0,0), power laws based on this methodology are suspect if they purport to describe phenomena that do not occur near (0,0). Data cited in support of such power laws should be recorrelated using rigorous correlation methodology. Rigorous correlation methodology is also used in heat transfer and fluid flow. It is described in the text, and should become the methodology in general use.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
Spin-Wave Analysis of Specific Heat and Magnetization in EuO and EuS

Recent neutron scattering measurements of the spin-wave spectrum have shown that the second-nearest-neighbor exchange constant in EuO is ferromagnetic, in disagreement with previously published results from both specific-heat and magnetization measurements. We undertook a thorough study of the bulk data on both EuO and its isomorph EuS, including some previously unpublished specific-heat data. The new analysis resolved the controversy regarding the specific heat, which is actually in good agreement with the neutron scattering results. However, the NMR data are more sensitive to effects other than the exchange energy, making this technique inferior to the two other techniques regarding determination of the exchange constants. We obtained a set of "recommended" values for the nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor exchange constants in EuO and EuS. For EuO they are $\frac{{J}_{1}}{k}=0.606\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008$ and $\frac{{J}_{2}}{k}=0.119\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.015$; and for EuS they are $\frac{{J}_{1}}{k}=0.228\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004$ and $\frac{{J}_{2}}{k}=\ensuremath{-}0.102\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005$.
Analysis on Hopf Bifurcation and Complexity of one Kind Financial System

From a mathematical model of one kind complicated financial system, we make a dynamic analysis on this kind of system on the basis of studies of scholars both at home and abroad. We find characteristics of various dynamic systems driven by different parameters, and study possible Hopf bifurcation as well as the relationship between Hopf bifurcation and the values of parameters. Besides, we make use of algorithm to analyze complexity of the system. The results of numerical simulation prove that the theory used in the thesis is correct. This study is regarded with good theoretical and practical value.
A novel lipid metabolism gene signature for clear cell renal cell carcinoma using integrated bioinformatics analysis

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), which is the most prevalent type of renal cell carcinoma, has a high mortality rate. Lipid metabolism reprogramming is a hallmark of ccRCC progression, but its specific mechanism remains unclear. Here, the relationship between dysregulated lipid metabolism genes (LMGs) and ccRCC progression was investigated. Methods: The ccRCC transcriptome data and patients’ clinical traits were obtained from several databases. A list of LMGs was selected, differentially expressed gene screening performed to detect differential LMGs, survival analysis performed, a prognostic model established, and immune landscape evaluated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Gene Set Variation Analysis and Gene set enrichment analysis were conducted to explore the mechanism by which LMGs affect ccRCC progression. Single-cell RNA-sequencing data were obtained from relevant datasets. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were used to validate the expression of prognostic LMGs. Results: Seventy-one differential LMGs were identified between ccRCC and control samples, and a novel risk score model established comprising 11 LMGs (ABCB4, DPEP1, IL4I1, ENO2, PLD4, CEL, HSD11B2, ACADSB, ELOVL2, LPA, and PIK3R6); this risk model could predict ccRCC survival. The high-risk group had worse prognoses and higher immune pathway activation and cancer development. Conclusion: Our results showed that this prognostic model can affect ccRCC progression.
Acoustic and hydrodynamic analysis of the flow around an aerofoil with trailing-edge serrations

Abstract Direct numerical simulations of the flow around a NACA-0012 aerofoil are conducted, employing an immersed boundary method to represent flat-plate trailing-edge extensions both with and without serrations. Properties of the turbulent boundary layer convecting over the trailing edge are similar for both cases. For cases with serrations, the trailing-edge noise produced by the flow over the aerofoil is observed to decrease in amplitude, and the frequency interval over which the noise reduction occurs differs depending on the serration length. The directivity and spanwise coherence of the trailing-edge noise appears largely unaffected by the serrations. The hydrodynamic behaviour in the vicinity of the trailing-edge extensions is investigated. The streamwise discontinuity imparted upon the turbulent flow by the straight trailing edge can clearly be observed in statistical quantities, whereas for the serrated case no spanwise homogeneous discontinuities are observed. The trailing-edge serrations appear to break up the larger turbulent structures convecting into the wake, and to promote the development of horseshoe vortices originating at the serrations themselves.