Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3D Printing Progress in Gluten-Free Food—Clustering Analysis of Advantages and Obstacles

Gluten-free food is a huge group of products whose common characteristics are recipes containing non-gluten flour or starches. Most of them are bakery-related products which initially were manufactured based on the recipe containing wheat/wheat flour. Nowadays, the growth of the gluten-free food sector is mainly powered more by trends and personal choices of consumers following the “healthy choice” diet than patients with real medical conditions, who need to follow the strict gluten-free diet. 3D printing is considered a disruptive technology, and being an additive manufacturing technique contributes directly to structure/texture creation. Food 3D printing as a manufacturing technology is struggling with repeatability and precision but is still very promising as a potential problem solver, especially in texture creation, which is the main technological problem for the gluten-free bakery. The article aims to analyze, using clustering analysis, the main obstacles so far identified for gluten-free 3D printing. Meanwhile, the prospects of producing personalized food products using 3D printing and its relationship with the UN Sustainable Development Goals 2030 as the advantages of this technology were discussed. The up-to-date exploitations of 3D printing techniques in gluten-free food manufacturing were discussed.
Semi-Analytical Model of Pressure Perturbations Induced by Fault Leakage in Multilayer System

AbstractLateral and vertical migration capacity of faults has been studied for applications related to fluid extraction and injection from and into the subsurface. Fluid exchange between formations connected by a fault can cause pressure perturbations in nonoperating formations. An analytical model was previously developed to evaluate the leakage rates through a fault in a multilayer system. However, the effect of the fault’s lateral resistance to flow was neglected and therefore the model was not applicable in evaluating the pressure changes caused by fault leakage. Pressure perturbations induced by fault leakage are important to determine the safety of injection operations near faults and/or in characterizing and remediating fault leakage. Here, the previous model on fault leakage to evaluate the pressure changes is extended by accounting for the lateral resistance to flow in all modeling components. As a result, the leakage rates at the two sides of the fault are no longer identical. Also, the model pr.
Digitalisation as a Prospect for Work–Life Balance and Inclusion: A Natural Experiment in German Hospitals

Digitalisation has a wide range of impacts on the workplace, such as enabling new work models with flexible work schedules, changing work content, or increasing workplace control. These changes directly affect not only individuals’ work but also their private lives. Scholars theorise that digitalisation either enables or impedes workers’ ability to maximise their work–life balance, which in turn fosters or inhibits the social inclusion of some societal groups and reduces or reproduces social inequalities. Focusing on the German healthcare sector, I explore the impact of using networked digital technologies on work–life balance, and whether it influences gender and educational inequalities. Pressured by government, economic concerns, and medical innovation, this sector is undergoing a transformation process that is expediting the introduction of new networked digital technologies. Thus, it provides an ideal setting for empirical investigation, as one core assumption about digitalisation is that technological innovation at work has societal consequences that must be individually mastered. To assess the relationship between digitalisation and work–life balance, I use survey data from hospital employees on the use of networked digital technologies and individual outcomes. The research is designed as a natural experiment. The treatment group comprises employees at a university hospital equipped with cutting‐edge networked digital technologies (N = 1,117); the control group comprises employees at several church‐owned hospitals (N = 415) with a level of digitalisation corresponding to the average for the sector. I first discuss confounders and then employ quantitative methods to establish a link between digitalisation and work–life balance, assess its direction, and address gender and educational inequalities.
Glacial meltwater input to the Alaska Coastal Current: Evidence from oxygen isotope measurements

Results of a study of the oxygen isotopic composition of coastal, pelagic, and fresh waters from the northern Gulf of Alaska region are presented. This study was undertaken to investigate whether isotopic tracers could be of use in determining the important freshwater inputs to the Alaska Coastal Current (ACC) and whether they could confirm the presence of the ACC in coastal waters west of Kodiak Island. The Alaska Coastal Current, the major coastal circulation feature of the northern Gulf of Alaska, can be distinguished from oceanic waters on the basis of its lower salinity at least as far west as Kodiak Island. This study adds significantly to the small amount of oxygen isotopic information available for the waters of this region. The isotopic results suggest that in late summer, glacial meltwater may provide a substantial portion of the total freshwater runoff into the ACC, and that the ACC does extend as far to the west as Unimak Pass.
Isotopic fractionation in open systems: application to organic matter decomposition in ocean and land

Stable isotopic evolution of a reservoir from which material is continuously removed with isotopic fractionation is generally described by the Rayleigh equa tion, widely used in geochemical research to describe two-component systems. It has been extended to the case of multi-component sources as well. Here we pre sent an equation describing isotopic fractionation in open systems, wherefrom material is not only removed with isotopic fractionation, but fresh material of a dif ferent isotopic composition is added from an external source, at a given rate, and some examples where this equation is applicable.
Detection and characterization of potential virulence determinants in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and S. schleiferi strains isolated from canine otitis externa in Korea

Background A recent increase in the occurrence of canine skin and soft tissue infections, including otitis externa and pyoderma, caused by antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and S. schleiferi has become a significant public and veterinary health issues. Objective We investigated the virulence potentials associated with the occurrence of canine otitis externa in S. pseudintermedius and S. schleiferi. Methods In this study, the prevalence of genes encoding leukocidins, exfoliative toxins, and staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) was investigated using previously characterized S. pseudintermedius (n = 26) and S. schleiferi (n = 19) isolates derived from canine otitis externa. Susceptibility to cathelicidins (K9CATH and PMAP-36) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was also examined in both staphylococcal species. Results A high prevalence of genes encoding leukocidins (lukS/F-I, lukS1/F1-S, and lukS2/F2-S), exfoliative toxins (siet, expB, and sset), and SEs was identified in both S. pseudintermedius and S. schleiferi isolates. Notably, S. pseudintermedius isolates possessed higher number of SE genes, especially newer SE genes, than S. schleiferi isolates harboring egc clusters. Although no significant differences in susceptibility to K9CATH and H2O2 were observed between the two isolate groups, S. pseudintermedius isolates exhibited enhanced resistance to PMAP-36 compared to S. schleiferi isolates. Conclusions These findings suggest that high a prevalence of various toxin genes together with enhanced resistance to cathelicidins may contribute to the pathogenicity of S. pseudintermedius and S. schleiferi in canine cutaneous infections.
The finite elastic stress-strain function

Hooke'8 Law. -The law proposed by Hooke to account for the results of experiments on elastic bodies is equivalent to:Strain is proportionate to the load, or the stress initially applied to an unstrained mass. The law which passes under Hooke's name is equivalent to: Strain is proportional to the final stress required to hold a strained mass in equilibrium. * It is now UIli versally acknowledged that either law is applicable only to strains so small that their squares are negligible. There are excellent reasons for this limitation. Each law implies that finite external forces ma'y bring about infinite densities or infinite distortions, while all known facts point to the conclusion that in fi nite strains result only from the action of infinite forces. When the scope of the law is confined to minute strains, Hooke's own law and that known as his are easil'y shown to lead to identical results: and the meaning is then simply that the stress-strain curve is a continuous one cutting the axes of no stress and of no strain at an angle whose tangent is finite. Hooke's law in my opinion rests entirely upon experiment, nor does it seem to me conceivable that any process of pnre reason" should reveal the character of the dependence of the geomet! 'ical changes produced in a body on the forces acting upon its elements. "t PUl'pOi'ie of t1~i8 paper. -So far as I know no attempt has been made since the middle of the last centu! 'y to determine the charactel' of the stress-strain cu! 've for the case of finite stress. :! : I have been unable to find even an analysis of a simple finite tl'action and it seems that the subject has fallen into neglect, for this analysis is not so devoid of interest as to be delibel'ately ignored, simple though it is.
Influencing factors that improve mental conditions patients with complementary therapy at Nur Hidayah Hospital, Bantul, Yogyakarta

Mental health is a concern of many parties. Complementary therapy is carried out in line with physical treatment with the aim of reducing the number of cases of mental health disorders, one of them at Nur Hidayah Hospital. This study used random forest and extended Cox regression to determine improvement in the mental condition of patients with complementary therapy. The research data used data from the medical records of 102 patients with Al-Quran Complementary Therapy. Random forest classifier does not give good accuracy only 0.58. Log-rank test showed that the variables attitude, problem Prayer, interaction history and treatment reactions had different survival curves between the categories of each variable. The interaction history variable does not meet the proportional hazard assumption so that the Cox model used is stratified and time-dependent Cox. The best model is the Cox stratified model with the interaction having the smallest AIC value of 286.84. Factors that have a significant effect on the time to improve mental conditions are gender and the main complaint in the patient strata who have a history of interaction and the age variable in the stratum of patients who have had a history of interaction.
A predictive model of UV-A-riboflavin crosslinking treatment on porcine corneas

The crosslinking technique (CXL) is an effective low-risk therapeutic treatment of keratoconus and other ectatic disorders of the human cornea. The effect of corneal CXL is to increase the stiffness of the stroma to prevent the progression of the cornea distortion. Several clinical and experimental studies have shown that the stiffening effects predominantly localize on the anterior portion of the stroma and that the in-depth stiffening distribution is highly dependent on the duration of treatment. Yet, how the stiffening effects distribute through the cornea thickness as a function of the treatment duration is an open question. Here, we propose an analytical model of the stiffening profile due to CXL treatment as a function of the irradiation time. We consider linear and nonlinear variations of the crosslinking effects across the thickness and implement them into a finite element model of the porcine cornea. We present a time-dependent in-depth stiffening profile that allows us to predict the post-operative cornea response to physiological intraocular pressure for different irradiation times. We anticipate that this predictive model will support the development of patient specific three-dimensional models that will allow clinicians to design customized CXL treatment, thus enhancing treatment outcomes.
Comparison of Three Methods for Diagnosing Trichomoniasis in Female Patients with Sexual Activity Attended at a Hospital in Peru

Background Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection that mainly affects women. The diagnosis is made by different methods that identify the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis; therefore, sensitivity, specificity, and performance are essential to guarantee an adequate diagnosis. Our study is aimed at comparing three methods for diagnosing trichomoniasis in patients treated at a hospital in Peru during the year 2018. Methods We designed a cross-sectional study and enrolled women whose vaginal secretion samples were evaluated by direct examination, Papanicolaou staining, and culture in the Diamond medium. Results We evaluated 134 women with a mean age of 36.6 ± 12.1 years and a beginning of sexual activity of 18.5 ± 3.0 years. We found leukocyte infiltration, fetid odor, and strawberry cervix in 66.4%, 35.1%, and 18.7%. The prevalence of trichomoniasis by the culture method, direct examination, and Papanicolaou was 32.1, 21.6, and 11.2%. The direct examination's sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic performance (AUC) were 65.1%, 98.9%, and 82.0%, while for the Pap smear, they were 32.6%, 98.9%, and 65.7%%. Conclusion The culture of T. vaginalis is the gold standard for diagnosing trichomoniasis; however, direct examination is a fast, specific alternative with good diagnostic performance. The Pap test has low sensitivity and should not be used in settings where the prevalence and risk factors for trichomoniasis are high.
An ICP-MS-Based Analytical Strategy for Assessing Compliance with the Ban of E 171 as a Food Additive on the EU Market

A method was developed for the determination of total titanium in food and food supplements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after microwave-assisted acid digestion of samples. Five food supplements, including one certified reference material, and 15 food products were used for method development. Key factors affecting the analytical results, such as the composition of the acid mixture for sample digestion and the bias from spectral interferences on the different titanium isotopes, were investigated. Resolution of interferences was achieved by ICP-MS/MS with ammonia adduct formation and viable conditions for control laboratories equipped with standard quadrupole instruments were identified. The method was successfully validated and enables rapid screening of samples subject to confirmatory analysis for the presence of TiO2 particles. For the latter, single-particle ICP-MS (spICP-MS) analysis after chemical extraction of the particles was used. The two methods establish a viable analytical strategy for assessing the absence of titania particles in food products on the EU market following the E 171 ban as a food additive.
GroundGrid: LiDAR Point Cloud Ground Segmentation and Terrain Estimation

The precise point cloud ground segmentation is a crucial prerequisite of virtually all perception tasks for LiDAR sensors in autonomous vehicles. Especially the clustering and extraction of objects from a point cloud usually relies on an accurate removal of ground points. The correct estimation of the surrounding terrain is important for aspects of the drivability of a surface, path planning, and obstacle prediction. In this letter, we propose our system GroundGrid which relies on 2D elevation maps to solve the terrain estimation and point cloud ground segmentation problems. We evaluate the ground segmentation and terrain estimation performance of GroundGrid and compare it to other state-of-the-art methods using the SemanticKITTI dataset and a novel evaluation method relying on airborne LiDAR scanning. The results show that GroundGrid is capable of outperforming other state-of-the-art systems with an average IoU of 94.78% while maintaining a high run-time performance of 171 Hz.
Geochemistry of the Um Had Plutonites, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt: Implications for Magma Evolution, and Tectonic Setting

Geochemistry of gabbroid and granitoid plutonites from the Um Had area indicates island arc subalkaline basic magma with tholeiitic affinity and calc-alkaline, metaluminous and slightly peraluminous magma, respectively. Although different in age both plutonite types were emplaced under compressional regime, where subduction-related environment was dominant. They were formed under relatively low to moderate water-vapour pressure (1–5 k-bars) at moderate depths (20–30 km). Biotite granites were formed at a relatively high temperature range (800–840 °C), while biotite-muscovite granites were formed under relatively moderate temperature conditions (760–800 °C). These two units may represent evolution from island arc to active continental margin. It is suggested that island arc gabbros might have sourced the late subduction-related calc-alkaline granitoids during the waning stages of the pan-African orogeny. The I-type nature of the investigated plutonites in the study area and elsewhere suggests the juvenile character of the basement complex of the Eastern Desert of Egypt.
Differential Expression of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs between Ovaries and Testes in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Female common carp grow faster than male individuals, implying that rearing females could be more profitable in aquaculture. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) serve as versatile regulators with multiple functions in diverse biological processes. However, the roles of ncRNAs in the sex differentiation of common carp are less studied. In this study, we investigated the expression profiles of ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, in the gonads to comprehend the roles of ncRNAs in sex differentiation in common carp. A substantial number of differentially expressed (DE) ncRNAs in ovaries and testes were identified. Some miRNAs, notably miR-205, miR-214, and miR-460-5p, might modulate hormone synthesis and thus maintain sex. A novel miRNA, novel_158, was predicted to suppress the expression of foxl3. DE lncRNAs were associated with oocyte meiosis, GnRH signaling pathways, and steroid biosynthesis, while DE circRNA target genes were enriched in the WNT signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. We also analyzed ncRNA-mRNA interactions to shed light on the crosstalk between competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), which is the critical mechanism by which lncRNAs and circRNAs function. Some lncRNAs and circRNAs may be able to competitively bind novel_313, a new miRNA, and thus regulate hsd17β3. Our research will provide a valuable resource for understanding the genetic basis of gonadal differentiation and development in common carp.
Accuracy of the END-PAC Model in Predicting the Risk of Developing Pancreatic Cancer in Patients with New-Onset Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives: To investigate the performance of the END-PAC model in predicting pancreatic cancer risk in individuals with new-onset diabetes (NOD). Methods: The PRISMA statement standards were followed to conduct a systematic review. All studies investigating the performance of the END-PAC model in predicting pancreatic cancer risk in individuals with NOD were included. Two-by-two tables, coupled forest plots and summary receiver operating characteristic plots were constructed using the number of true positives, false negatives, true negatives and false positives. Diagnostic random effects models were used to estimate summary sensitivity and specificity points. Results: A total of 26,752 individuals from four studies were included. The median follow-up was 3 years and the pooled risk of pancreatic cancer was 0.8% (95% CI 0.6–1.0%). END-PAC score ≥ 3, which classifies the patients as high risk, was associated with better predictive performance (sensitivity: 55.8% (43.9–67%); specificity: 82.0% (76.4–86.5%)) in comparison with END-PAC score 1–2 (sensitivity: 22.2% (16.6–29.2%); specificity: 69.9% (67.3–72.4%)) and END-PAC score < 1 (sensitivity: 18.0% (12.8–24.6%); specificity: 50.9% (48.6–53.2%)) which classify the patients as intermediate and low risk, respectively. The evidence quality was judged to be moderate to high. Conclusions: END-PAC is a promising model for predicting pancreatic cancer risk in individuals with NOD. The score ≥3 should be considered as optimum cut-off value. More studies are needed to assess whether it could improve early pancreatic cancer detection rate, pancreatic cancer re-section rate, and pancreatic cancer treatment outcomes.
Psychostimulant Misuse Among American Indian, Alaskan Native, or Native Hawaiian College Students in the U.S. From 2015 to 2019

Introduction: This study examines factors associated with psychostimulant misuse, including polysubstance use and social factors, among the understudied American Indian/Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian (AI/AN/NH) college student population. Methods: Data were from the 2015 to 2019 American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment IIc (ACHA-NCHA IIc) survey. Multivariable logistic regression models and odds ratios were used to estimate associations between psychostimulant misuse and potential risk and protective factors among AI/AN/NH college students, including licit and illicit substance use, social support, relationship factors, exposure to violence or abuse, mental health symptoms, drug and alcohol education, and sample demographics. Results: Opioid misuse among AI/AN/NH college students significantly increased the odds of using psychostimulants. Specifically, for cocaine use, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was 3.17 with a 95% confidence interval (C.I.) of 2.17 to 4.63; for methamphetamine use, the aOR was 38.87 (95% C.I. 19.24-78.52). For amphetamine misuse among non-Tobacco users, the aOR was 5.47 (95% C.I. 3.49-8.55), while among Tobacco users, the aOR was 2.65 (95% C.I. 2.07-3.41). For cocaine and other stimulant misuse, the aOR was 3.64 (95% C.I. 2.30-5.67). Additionally, the use of other types of licit and illicit substances was associated with greater odds of psychostimulant use and misuse. Conversely, factors such as age, living on campus, and residing in parental/guardian housing were linked with lower odds of psychostimulant use and misuse. Conclusion: Substance use prevention and treatment interventions targeting AI/AN/NH college students should address polysubstance use, including the combined use of opioids and psychostimulants. Substance use interventions should not be siloed to focus narrowly on single substances but rather should leverage potential protective factors against substance use, such as promoting supportive campus and family living conditions and other social support networks, in broad efforts to reduce multiple forms of substance use among AI/AN/NH students.