Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relativistic energy density functional from momentum space to coordinate space within a coherent density fluctuation model

In this theoretical study, we have derived a simplified analytical expression for the binding energy per nucleon as a function of density and isospin asymmetry within the relativistic mean-field model. We have generated a new parameterization for the density-dependent DD-ME2 parameter set using the Relativistic-Hartree-Bogoliubov approach. Moreover, this work attempts to revisit the prior polynomial fitting in [Phy. Rev. C {\bf 103}, 024305 (2021)] for the non-linear NL3 force parameter to provide a simplified set of equations for the energy density functional which is used for calculating the surface properties of finite nuclei. The current study improves the existing fitting procedure by effectively proposing a simpler model that provides comparably precise results while lowering the computational expense. To study the surface properties of finite nuclei with these parameterizations, we have adopted the coherent density fluctuation model, which effectively translates the quantities of nuclear matter from momentum space to coordinate space at local density. The isospin properties, such as symmetry energy and its surface and volume components, slope parameter, finite nuclear incompressibility, and surface incompressibility for even-even nuclei, are calculated for different mass regions. Moreover, we have studied the effect of density, weight function, and choice of relativistic force parameters on the surface properties. The consequence of this work will help to determine the properties of nuclei along the nuclear landscape and can facilitate an improved understanding of the island of stability, heavy-ion collision, and nucleosynthesis, among others.
Modulation of secretory factors by lipofundin contributes to its anti‑neuroinflammatory effects

As the global population ages, the prevalence of neuroinflammatory diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and stroke continues to increase. Therefore, it is necessary to develop preventive and therapeutic methods against neuroinflammatory diseases. Lipofundin is a lipid emulsion commonly used in clinical anesthetic solvents and nutritional supplements. Lipid emulsions have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties. However, the potential beneficial effect of lipofundin against neuroinflammation requires elucidation. In the present study, two cell models were used to investigate the efficacy of lipofundin against neuroinflammation. In the first model, BV2 mouse microglial cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce nitric oxide (NO) production as a model of neuroinflammation. In the second model, HMC3 human microglial were activated by LPS, and changes in the secretion of factors associated with inflammation were analyzed using Luminex xMAP® technology. Griess assay results revealed that lipofundin significantly prevented and treated LPS-induced NO production. An anti-neuroinflammatory effect was also observed in HMC3 cells, where lipofundin exhibited excellent preventive and therapeutic properties by reducing the LPS-induced expression and secretion of interleukin-1β. Notably, lipofundin also promoted the secretion of certain growth factors, suggesting a potential neuroprotective effect. These results demonstrate that, in addition to its role as a solvent for drugs and nutritional support, lipofundin may also have beneficial effects in alleviating the progression of neuroinflammation. These findings may serve as an important reference for future translational medicine applications.
Integration of a Deep Convolutional Neural Network With Adaptive Channel Weight Technique for Automated Identification of Standard Fetal Biometry Planes

Ensuring the healthy development of a fetus involves reliable and timely identification of various maternal–fetal anatomical structures during the pregnancy. However, manual screening is highly subjective, laborious, and depends on the knowledge of sonographers in fetal anatomy. To enhance workflow efficiency and improve diagnosis accuracy through automated fashion, a deep learning (DL)-based image classification architecture is proposed in this study for categorizing commonly followed maternal–fetal anatomical structures in 2-D fetal ultrasound (US) images. Automated DL framework utilizes a pre-trained deep convolutional neural network (CNN) and adaptive channel weighting (ACW) for classifying the fetal anatomical structures into various classes, such as the abdomen, femur, thorax, maternal cervix, brain, and other less frequently used planes as other class. Initially, the widely employed pre-trained deep CNN model, VGG-19, extracts anatomical features from the fetal US images. Subsequently, robust discriminative cues are generated by including ACW to mitigate the low inter-class variance of the fetal US images, leading to incorrect assessments that lower classification accuracy. The ACW employs a multiscale channel attention module (MSCAM) at higher-level convolutional blocks of the backbone CNN model to recalibrate the final feature map channel weights using local and global context information. The efficacy of the proposed method was evaluated using two publicly available maternal–fetal US image datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the recent deep CNN and other competing models by achieving 95.33% and 98.20% classification accuracy on both fetal US image datasets.
Cartographies of Fuzziness: Mapping Places and Emotions

Mapping emotions and places is an emerging field in cartography. This article explores expressed emotions related to power places, which are defined as places at which people can recharge and relax. At these places they can find their balance and inner power. Our research is based on empirical experiments in Germany and the USA in which the participants self-identified and mapped their power places. They described them and selected expressions for emotions that best describe how they feel at these places. The main goal of this paper is to compare the results gained on two different continents. Using Russell's Circumplex Model of Affect, we explore the cultural differences by mapping emotions in a two-dimensional circular place. We conclude the article with a discussion of the results and further research directions.
StoryLine : Unsupervised Urban Geo-event Demultiplexing on Social Media without Location Information

Some of the most widely deployed IoT devices in urban areas are smart phones in the possession of urban individuals. Their proliferation has led to the emergence of crowdsensing/crowdsourcing services, where humans collect data about their environment (using phones), and servers aggregate the data for various application purposes of interest. With the emergence of social media, a common alternative form of human data entry has become media posts (e.g., on Twitter). This leads to the prospect of building crowdsensing services on top of social media content, exploiting humans as “sensors”. In this paper, we develop one such service, called StoryLine. The service detects and tracks physical urban events of interest to the user, such as car accidents, infrastructure damage (in the aftermath of a natural disaster), or instances of civil unrest. It offers an interface to client-side software that allows browsing such events in real time, as well as an interface for software applications to a structured representation of the events and their related statistics. The service embodies novel algorithms for real-time detection, demultiplexing, and tracking of physical events using social media data. In our evaluation with Twitter feeds, we show that our service outperforms two state-of-the-art baselines in event detection and demultiplexing. We also conduct two casestudies to show the effectiveness of the real-time event detection capability and event tracking performance of our system.
Enhancing Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities in Bee-Collected Pollen through Solid-State Fermentation: A Comparative Analysis of Bioactive Compounds

The present study investigates the impact of solid-state fermentation on bee-collected pollen using a consortium of Lactobacillus plantarum, Apilactobacillus kunkeei, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Another aim is to compare the nutritional and bioactive properties of natural versus fermented pollen, focusing on macronutrient composition, pH, acidity, lactic acid content, and profiles of polyphenolics and flavonoids. Our results indicated significant enhancements in the contents of amino acids, suggesting improved protein content, alongside increases in polyphenolic and flavonoid contents post-fermentation. According to the heat mapping and cluster analysis, increased antioxidant and antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, particularly E. coli, were observed in the fermented bee-collected pollen samples, which may have been due to the accumulation of phenolic compounds (e.g., ellagic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside). Furthermore, significant positive correlations of the fermented bee-collected pollen samples with non-essential amino acids were recorded compared with the unfermented bee-collected pollen samples, which may have been due to the fermentation process and the conversion of proteins into free amino acids via proteolysis. Future research could explore the underlying mechanisms, the scalability of fermentation, its application in functional foods, and the health benefits of fermented bee-collected pollen in human diets.
Clinical Potential of Transcranial Focused Ultrasound for Neurorehabilitation in Pediatric Cancer Survivors

Cancer survivors are at a high risk for treatment-related late effects, particularly neurocognitive impairment in the attention and executive function domains. These can be compounded in pediatric populations still undergoing neural development, which has increased interest in survivorship studies and neurorehabilitation approaches to mitigate these effects. Cognitive training regimens have shown promise as a therapeutic intervention for improving cognitive function. Therapist-guided and computerized training programs with adaptive paradigms have been successfully implemented in pediatric populations, with positive outcomes on attention and working memory. Another interventional approach is neuromodulation to alter plasticity. Transcranial electrical stimulation can modulate cortical surface activity, and cranial nerve stimulation alters autonomic activity in afferent brainstem pathways. However, they are more systemic in nature and have diffuse spatial targeting. Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) modulation overcomes these limitations with high spatial specificity and the ability to target deeper brain regions. In this review, we discuss the efficacy of tFUS for modulating specific brain regions and its potential utility to augment cognitive training programs as a complementary intervention.
Groundwater quality mapping of Yogyakarta City, Sleman, Kulonprogo and Bantul regency area of Yogyakarta Province

The groundwater quality is equally important as that of quantity. GIS is a powerful tool for representation and analysis of spatial information related to water resources. To attempt this goal, samples were analyzed for various physico-chemical and bacterial parameters such as pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), nitrate, Fe, E. coli, etc have been estimated for all the sampling locations. The spatial variation maps of these groundwater quality parameters were derived and integrated through GIS. An interpolation technique inverse distance weighting was used to obtain the spatial distribution of groundwater quality parameters. The final map classified the groundwater quality in the study area. The results of this research show that groundwater contamination are occurred and the development of the management strategies for the aquifer system is vitally necessary.
Rapid Cenozoic Subsidence in the Gulf of Mexico Resulting From Hess Rise Conjugate Subduction

Enigmatic surface deflections occurred in North America starting from the Cretaceous, including the continental‐scale drainage reorganization and the long‐wavelength subsidence in the Western Interior Seaway. These surface undulations cannot be simply explained by sea level change or flexure loading. Coinciding with the large‐scale surface deflection, the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) has an immense Paleocene sediment deposition probably caused by tectonic subsidence. Increasing evidence indicates a distinct seismic anomaly localized in the mantle below the GOM. With geodynamic models, we show that the Hess Rise conjugate coincides with the position of the seismic anomaly. The basalt‐eclogite transition in the Hess conjugate can lead to a localized dynamic subsidence in the GOM, which is superimposed on the broad surface deflection caused by the Farallon slab. The Hess conjugate, transformed to eclogite, could tilt the surface southward in the U.S. and help frame the GOM as a main depocenter in the Cenozoic.
Elastic Properties of Alloyed Cementite M3X (M = Fe, Cr; X = C, B) Phases from First-Principle Calculations and CALPHAD Model

Fe-Cr-C-B wear-resistant steels are widely used as wear-resistant alloys in harsh environments. The M3X (M = Fe, Cr; X = C, B) cementite-type material is a commonly used strengthening phase in these alloys. This study investigated the mechanical properties of cementite (Fe, Cr)3(C, B) using the first-principle density functional theory. We constructed crystal structures of (Fe, Cr)3(C, B) with different concentrations of Cr and B. The bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and hardness of the material were calculated, and a comprehensive mechanical property database based on CALPHAD modeling of the full composition was established. The optimal concentrations of the (Fe, Cr)3(C, B) phase were systematically evaluated across its entire composition range. The material exhibited the highest hardness, shear modulus, and Young’s modulus at Cr and B concentrations in the range of 70–95 at% and 40 at%, respectively, rendering it difficult to compress and relatively poor in machinability. When the B content exceeded 90 at%, and the Cr content was zero, the shear modulus and hardness were low, resulting in poor resistance to deformation, reduced stiffness, and ease of plastic processing. This study provides an effective alloying strategy for balancing the brittleness and toughness of (Fe, Cr)3(C, B) phases.
A user friendly geographic information system for soil conservation planners : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Agricultural Science in Soil Science at Massey University

Soil conservation is an important activity for sustainable, productive landuse. To ensure sound effective soil conservation planning, the people who are involved in this activity the planners and the decision makers should know (among other things) how best to use a land resource inventory database, which has been stored in a computer. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyse such data is a technique which is being widely advocated. Unfortunately, most GIS computer programs are too difficult for the people like soil conservation planners who usually have little knowledge of computers. To help them understand GIS and then use GIS for their planning, a user friendly interface to the GIS was created. Two systems were created for the Pijiharjo sub-watershed, Indonesia; one with a popup menu, the other with a pull down menu. Both interfaces were created using the SML (Simple Macro Language) command which is available under pc ARC/Info version 3.4D Plus. Although they looked different to the user, both used the same commands to execute the various operations. Once the initial design was completed, an evaluation was held to check whether the design was satisfactory from the user's point of view. The result of the evaluation showed that both systems were simple and easy to understand.
Acceleration in the Global Mean Sea Level Rise: 2005–2015

Global mean sea level rise has been accelerating for more than 100 years, and the acceleration in the last two decades seems to further increase. The latest development in geodetic and marine observations enables us to scrutinize and understand the sources of the sea level acceleration in the last decade. For this end, observations from satellite altimetry, gravimetry, and in situ measurements of the ocean between 2005 and 2015 are combined, and their closure is examined. Our results show that the acceleration during the last decade (0.27 ± 0.17 mm/yr2) is about 3 times faster than its value during 1993–2014. The acceleration comes from three factors, that is, 0.04 ± 0.01 mm/yr2 (~15%) by land ice melting, 0.12 ± 0.06 mm/yr2 (~44%) by thermal expansion of the seawater, and 0.11 ± 0.02 mm/yr2 (~41%) by declining land water storage. Although these values in 11 years may suffer from natural variabilities, they shed light on the underlying mechanisms of sea level acceleration and reflect its susceptibility to the global warming.
Older Adults Affected by Abuse–What about Their Mental Health and Social Participation? A Mixed Methods Study

The purpose of the study was to describe what types of abuse of older adults the healthcare providers in hospital emergency departments are currently able to identify. The study aimed at producing new information about the identification of abuse to enable the development of staff skills in the identification of abuse and in optimal interventions. The study is the first on the topic from the perspective of hospital emergency staff in Finland. The 76 participants represent 5 hospitals. The results are based on a statistical analysis of quantitative questions and on an inductive content analysis of participant experiences of suspected abuse. The inductive content analysis revealed that older adults subjected to abuse have narrowed social networks and many of them surrender to loneliness. Based on the relevant literature, the study discusses how the formal and informal social participation and mental health of this group of people could be promoted. Given the current limited resources, it is proposed that the idea of social prescribing might be applied informally, with help of a volunteer link person. Any interventions should be based on the older adults’ conceptions of what is meaningful to them.
Controls on Millennial‐Scale Atmospheric CO2 Variability During the Last Glacial Period

Changes in atmospheric CO2 on millennial‐to‐centennial timescales are key components of past climate variability during the last glacial and deglacial periods (70–10 ka), yet the sources and mechanisms responsible for the CO2 fluctuations remain largely obscure. Here we report the 13C/12C ratio of atmospheric CO2 during a key interval of the last glacial period at submillennial resolution, with coeval histories of atmospheric CO2, CH4, and N2O concentrations. The carbon isotope data suggest that the millennial‐scale CO2 variability in Marine Isotope Stage 3 is driven largely by changes in the organic carbon cycle, most likely by sequestration of respired carbon in the deep ocean. Centennial‐scale CO2 variations, distinguished by carbon isotope signatures, are associated with both abrupt hydrological change in the tropics (e.g., Heinrich events) and rapid increases in Northern Hemisphere temperature (Dansgaard‐Oeschger events). These events can be linked to modes of variability during the last deglaciation, thus suggesting that drivers of millennial and centennial CO2 variability during both periods are intimately linked to abrupt climate variability.
Chitosan/Virgin Coconut Oil-Based Emulsions Doped with Photosensitive Curcumin Loaded Capsules: A Functional Carrier to Topical Treatment

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in developing smart drug delivery systems based on natural resources combined with stimulus-sensitive elements. This trend aims to formulate innovative and sustainable delivery platforms tailored for topical applications. This work proposed the use of layer-by-layer (LbL) methodology to fabricate biocompatible photo-responsive multilayer systems. These systems are composed of a polyoxometalate inorganic salt (POM) ([NaP5W30O110]14−) and a natural origin polymer, chitosan (CHT). Curcumin (CUR), a natural bioactive compound, was incorporated to enhance the functionality of these systems during the formation of hollow capsules. The capsules produced, with sizes between 2–5µm (SEM), were further dispersed into CHT/VCO (virgin coconut oil) emulsion solutions that were casted into molds and dried at 37 °C for 48 h. The system presented a higher water uptake in PBS than in acidic conditions, still significantly lower than that earlier reported to other CHT/VCO-based systems. The drug release profile is not significantly influenced by the medium pH reaching a maximum of 37% ± 1% after 48 h. The antioxidant performance of the designed structures was further studied, suggesting a synergistic beneficial effect resulting from CUR, POM, and VCO individual bioactivities. The increased amount of those excipients released to the media over time promoted an increase in the antioxidant activity of the system, reaching a maximum of 38.1% ± 0.1% after 48 h. This work represents a promising step towards developing advanced, sustainable drug delivery systems for topical applications.
Temporal dynamics of soil bacterial communities and multifunctionality are more sensitive to introduced plants than to microbial additions in a multicontaminated soil

Soil microbial communities are crucial for regulating the stability and degradation of contaminated land. However, the temporal response strategies of particular microbial groups to biotic introductions and their contributions to ecosystem functions and services (i.e., ‘multifunctionality’) in contaminated soils have yet to be investigated. Here, we present results from a 90‐day microcosm experiment aiming to evaluate the temporal changes in bacterial communities and functions in response to microbial and plant additions in a contaminated agricultural soil. In addition, we quantified the contributions of specific bacterial taxa with different response strategies over time to alterations in ecosystem multifunctionality in pollutant degradation (polyphenol oxidase) and the cycling of carbon (dehydrogenase), nitrogen (urease and available nitrogen), phosphorus (available phosphorus), and potassium (available potassium). Results showed that native bacterial communities exhibited strong resilience to the introduced microbial consortium and were altered by plant growth. Plant‐enriched bacterial taxa were located in the core and central positions of the co‐occurrence networks and had considerable influence on the other nodes. Plant growth substantially influenced soil multifunctionality, in a process driven by specific bacterial taxa with different response strategies. The more tolerant taxa contributed most to multienzyme activities, whereas the more affected taxa largely determined multinutrient levels in the soil. These results provide a new perspective in disentangling the roles of plant‐associated bacteria in the assembly of community interactions and ecosystem multifunctionality of contaminated agricultural soils.