Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attachment Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, and Adolescent Dating Violence Perpetration: A Longitudinal Mediation Analysis

Adolescent dating violence (ADV) is a prevalent public health issue that has been linked to many negative effects, including attachment anxiety and depressive symptoms. Previous literature suggests that the negative mental states characteristic of attachment anxiety could be associated with dating violence perpetration. Similarly, the negative mental states characteristic of depression have also been linked to perpetration, and might potentially increase an anxiously attached individual’s likelihood of engaging in dating violence perpetration. This study used a 10-month longitudinal design with a sample of 140 middle school and high school students from Southern California. Participants ranged in age from 13 to 18 years and were ethnically diverse. The study aimed at exploring depressive symptoms as a potential mediator for the relationship between attachment anxiety and ADV perpetration. Positive associations were found between attachment anxiety and perpetration (10 months after), attachment anxiety and depressive symptoms (10 months after), and between depressive symptoms and perpetration (both 10 months after). Furthermore, depressive symptoms partially mediated the relationship between attachment anxiety and ADV perpetration (10 months after). These findings have implications for the development of empirically driven school-based prevention and intervention programs.
Neurobehavioural and Neurophysiological Outcomes of Acute Repeated Perchloroethylene Exposure

Deux groupes d'hommes volontaires ont ete soumis respectivement a 50 et a 10ppm (groupe controle) de perchloroethylene (Per) quatre heures par jour pendant quatre jours consecutifs. La plus forte de ces deux concentrations correspond a la valeur MAK courante du Per en RFA. Une version allemande de la batterie NES a ete administree quotidiennement au debut et a la fin de chaque session experimentale; on a prevu un essai minimal de preexposition avant le premier test experimentale. En outre, on a enregistre des potentiels evoques visuels (VEP) et auditifs. Les VEP ont ete obtenus grâce a differents stimuli en damier. L'analyse de covariance, avec l'exploitation des donnees minimales de preexposition, a mis en evidence des deficits significatifs pour la vigilance et la coordination oculo-motrice, ainsi qu'une prolongation limite du temps de reaction simple lors de l'exposition a la concentration elevee de Per (par rapport aux conditions controle). La comparaison des deux groupes a revele une augmentation significative des latencies N75, P100 et N150 de la pointe VEP pendant l'exposition au taux de 50ppm de Per par opposition aux valeurs minimales, tandis qu'elles tendaient a baisser dans le groupe controle. On conclut que le “niveau d'effet non nocif” des signcs aigus de depression CNS est endessous de la valeur MAK courante du Per. Two groups of male volunteers were exposed to 50ppm and 10ppm (controls) perchloroethylene (Per), respectively, for four h/day on four consecutive days. The higher of the two concentrations corresponds to the current MAK value for Per in Germany. A German version of the NES battery was given daily at the beginning and end of each experimental session; a pre-exposure baseline session was run before the first experimental test. Additionally, visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and brainstem auditory evoked potentials were recorded. Analysis of co-variance, with pre-exposure baseline values as co-variates, revealed significant performance deficits for vigilance and eye-hand coordination, as well as borderline prolongation of simple reaction times at elevated Per exposure, as compared to control conditions. A comparison of the two groups revealed a significant increase of the VEP peak latencies N75, P100 and N150 during the exposure to 50ppm Per as compared to the baseline values, whereas they tended to decrease in the control group. It is concluded that the “no adverse-effect level” for acute signs of CNS depression is below the current MAK value for Per.
A la recherche de la firme post­communiste : droits de propriété et débureaucratisation

Un vaste mouvement de transfert des droits de propriete est actuellement en cours dans les pays en transition vers le marche. Ce mouvement se fonde en partie sur une distribution gratuite de coupons echanges ulterieurement contre des actions des firmes privatisees. Les principes inspirant une telle operation supposent que l'actionnariat populaire represente le moyen ideal du passage au capitalisme et que la privatisation des entreprises soit possible avant leur restructuration. Le veritable enjeu reste en realite de privatiser l'economie en permettant au secteur prive de s'imposer progressivement dans l'economie. Les privatisations des entreprises d'Etat apparaissent comme une condition necessaire mais non suffisante. L'Europe de l'Est a surtout un besoin urgent de veritables entrepreneurs et de bons juristes. Les privatisations doivent s'accompagner d'une demonopolisation et d'une debureaucratisation effectives des activites economiques. Il convient egalement de mettre en place un dispositif institutionnel simple mais favorable a l'epanouissement de l'initiative privee dans un contexte marchand. Ce sont les nouvelles entreprises qui devront etre les principales pourvoyeuses de la croissance economique a long terme et non les restes privatises des firmes d'Etat. Le droit des affaires, les lois sur les contrats et la legislation concurrentielle auxquels ces firmes se trouveront confrontees meritent une attention particuliere. Alors que l'autorite publique a certainement un role dans la mise en place d'un tel dispositif, les privatisations, menees de facon technocratique, risquent en fait de renforcer le poids economique d'un Etat politiquement affaibli, sans regler les problemes de gestion et d'efficacite des entreprises d'Etat.
‘Live’ versus ‘Real-time’

The term ‘live electronic music’ faded slowly but steadily from the vocabulary between about 1975 and 1985, giving way to the (albeit correct) term ‘real-time’. But language cannot so simply obscure a fundamental misunderstanding that has come with this change. The human performer has somehow been subsumed into the computer itself, as into the terminology that goes with it. Since the earliest experiments many have seen the unavoidable problem of ‘mixed’ acoustic and electroacoustic resources. The inherent separation of cause and effect (real or apparent), the confusion caused by the recording and reproduction of (for example) improvisation, with many further instances of dislocations and surrogates, has resulted in a host of misunderstood terms, unexamined assumptions and — in the author's view exacerbated not explicated with the advent of computer technology — blind alleys of endeavour in compositional research. This paper hopes to start to unravel some of this confusion, concentrating in the first insta.
Competition Between Unconditioned Stimuli in Attitude Formation: Negative Asymmetry versus Spatio-Temporal Contiguity

Evaluative conditioning (EC) occurs when a neutral stimulus (conditioned stimulus, CS) takes on the valence of a stimulus with which it is paired (unconditioned stimulus, US). The current work sought to examine, when two USs were sequentially paired with the same CS, what factors lead to the CS taking on the valence of one US as opposed to the other. The results showed that negatively valenced USs were more likely to influence evaluations of the CS than positively valenced USs. However, this result was only obtained when the contiguity between the USs and the CS was constant. When one US was closer in space and time to the CS, the valence of the US more contiguous with the CS determined its valence. Spatio-temporal contiguity was extremely important in determining the valence of EC, but when contiguity did not vary, negative USs were used to form attitudes toward the CS.
HOW TO CREATE A SMART MOB : UNDERSTANDING A SOCIAL NETWORK CAPITAL

This paper explores the creation of smart mobs and their ability to gain knowledge, social capital, and expand individual authority through participation. The evolution of smart mobs through computer-mediated communications has extended and expanded the traditional realm of individual influence and authority. In the decade since Rheingold identified smart mobs, this type of behavior has continued to grow and expand, influencing social, political and economic domains. But what makes or breaks a smart mob? Researchers in the last decade have tried unsuccessfully to identify their key components. This paper offers a “recipe” for creating smart mobs, by discovering the must-have characteristics that are necessary for their success: Desire for Communication; Affordable Communication Devices; Opportunities for Instantaneous Communication; Shared Goal; and Small Time Frame. In conclusion we propose that the future of effective smart mobs can be based on a template that has been successfully implemented since 2008, and that as individuals gain authority through the vehicle of smart mobs, governments will have to re-define their role in response to the collective action facilitated by smart mobs.
GROUNDING RELATIONS IN ACTION

This paper describes an attempt to ground the meaning of relational concepts in the sensory-motor dynamics resulting from our active interaction with the world. It is suggested that relations are encoded by executing or mentally simulating actions which are constrained by the environment and the specifics of our physical bodies. The virtues of the approach are demonstrated by a computational simulation of spatial relations recognition. Finally, an empirical study which renders support for the embodied view on relations is reported.
Matrix metalloproteinases in tumor invasion: Role for cell migration

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) play a role in a wide range of tumorigenesis, including early carcinogenesis events, tumor growth and tumor invasion and metastasis. Given that the ability of tumor cells to infiltrate and disseminate widely is what makes the tumors malignant, a role of MMP in cell migration during this invasive and metastatic process is important. There are two types of cancer cell migration: single cell locomotion and cohort migration (cell movement en mass keeping cell–cell contact, which is frequently seen in better differentiated carcinomas). Cell surface localization and activation of MMP is essential for cells to migrate, through rearrangement of extracellular matrix (ECM) to suit cell migration. Certain MMP, such as gelatinases and membrane ‐type 1 MMP, have special mechanisms to localize at leading edges in both types of cell migration. Moreover, in cohort migration, expression of these MMP is regulated via cell–cell contact within migrating cell sheets and confined to the foremost pathfinder cells of the migrating cell sheets. New roles of cell surface MMP, such as cleavage of cell surface receptors or cofactors involved in cell–ECM interactions during cell migration, are also discussed.
A review of ionizing radiation effects in floating gate memories

The effects of ionizing radiation on microelectronics are traditionally a concern for devices intended for the space use, but they are becoming important even at ground level. Ionizing radiation effects can be broadly divided in two classes: total ionizing dose (progressive buildup of defects) and single event effects (macroscopic result of a single microscopic event). In both cases, ionizing radiation can lead to severe degradation of device performance, possibly resulting in device failure. This work is a review of literature results concerning both classes of ionizing radiation-related phenomena on floating gate memories. Regardless of its nature, ionizing radiation impacts two aspects of the performance and reliability of floating gate memories: the functionality and the adherence to specifications of the control circuitry, and the degradation of stored information in the array itself.
Pharmacognostic characterization of Carica papaya L.

Background: Fruits and leaves of Carica papaya L. are widely used for various therapeutic purposes. This study aimed to establish some pharmacognostic parameters. Materials and Methods: For this propose, determination of total ash values, percentages of water matter, and percentages of total ethanol extractable matter, as well total polyphenol, tannins, and flavonoids were quantify using leaves from different seasons in different years. Results: The samples were cultivated under control. The values of percentage of water matter were: Collet (COL)1 = 5.5 ± 0.06, COL2 = 7.07 ± 0.18, COL3 = 9.03 ± 0.03, COL4 = 11.2 ± 0.46, and COL Mix = 11.5% ± 1.15%; values of percentage of total ethanol extractable matter were COL1 = 12.1 ± 1.4, COL2 = 13.5 ± 1.6, COL3 = 16.7 ± 1.2, COL4 = 11.1 ± 0.55, and COL Mix = 14.1% ± 1%. These values were not different between the samples. The total of flavonoids quantified were for COL1 = 835.6 ± 47.5, COL2 = 1202.9 ± 32, COL3 = 962.4 ± 11.3, COL4 = 708.9 ± 11.4, and COL Mix = 1273.8 ± 45.8. The polyphenol quantified were: COL1 = 11.8 ± 0.3, COL2 = 12.9 ± 0.1, COL3 = 27 ± 0.1, COL4 = 28.4±0.2, and COL Mix = 14.2 ± 0.5. Tannins quantified performed for COL1 = 1.7 ± 0.2, for COL2 = 2.1 ± 0.2, for COL3 = 25.6 ± 0.3, for COL4 = 27 ± 0.3, and for COL Mix = 4 ± 0.6. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that production of secondary metabolites by C. papaya L. is influenced by season conditions, soil and water viability.
ENT OrriCIAL NATIONAL IN 6 rITUTt Or POLTiON OR POL tCY The Spacing Effect : Additions to the Theoretical and Empirical Puz / les

ABSTPACT If a series of verbal units is presented for study, and if a unit occurs two or more times in the series, the practice schedule for these multiple occurrences may be massed or distributed. In massed practice (MP) the item occupies adjacent positions; in distributed practice (Dr) successive occurences are separated by at least one other unit. The spacing effect, or the MP-DP effect, refers to better recall following DP schedules than following MP schedules. Four studies discussed in this report examined the spacing effect in four quite different situations: recognition of letters, verbal discrimination, short free recall lists, and recall of MP items presented twice with an intervening interval inserted to produce forgetting. MP-DP differences were found in all studies. Of particular interest were three interactions; subjects with a low criterion of responding in the letter study lost the MP-DP effect over a 3Csecond delay, and subjects with a high criterion did not; a clear MP-DP effect, but no lag effect, was found only with unmixed verbal discrimination lists; and in free recall a sharp lag effect was shown for words presented three times but not for words presented twice. (Author/LL)
SBS 0335-052E+W: deep VLT/FORS+UVES spectroscopy of the pair of the lowest-metallicity blue compact dwarf galaxies

Context. We present deep archival VLT/FORS1+UVES spectroscopic observations of the system of two blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies SBS 0335-052E and SBS 0335-052W. Aims. Our aim is to derive element abundances in different H II regions of this unique system of galaxies and to study spatial abundance variations. Methods. The electron temperature T-e (O III) in all H II regions, except for one, is derived from the [O III] lambda 4363/(lambda 4959+lambda 5007) flux ratio. We determine ionic abundances of helium, nitrogen, oxygen, neon, sulfur, chlorine, argon and iron. The empirical relations for ionization correction factors are used to derive total abundances of these elements. Results. The oxygen abundance in the brighter eastern galaxy varies in the range 7.11 to 7.32 in different H II regions supporting previous findings and suggesting the presence of oxygen abundance variations on spatial scales of similar to 1-2 kpc. Good seeing during FORS observations allowed us to extract spectra of four H II regions in SBS 0335-052W. The oxygen abundance in the brightest region No. 1 of SBS 0335-052W is 7.22 +/- 0.07, consistent with previous determinations. Three other H II regions are much more metal-poor with an unprecedently low oxygen abundance of 12 + log O/H = 7.01 +/- 0.07 (region No. 2), 6.98 +/- 0.06 (region No. 3), and 6.86 +/- 0.14 (region No. 4). These are the lowest oxygen abundances ever derived in emission-line galaxies, supporting earlier conclusions that SBS 0335-052W is the lowest-metallicity emission-line galaxy known. Helium abundances derived for the brightest H II regions of both galaxies are mutually consistent. We derive weighted mean He mass fractions of 0.2485 +/- 0.0012 and 0.2514 +/- 0.0012 for two different sets of He I emissivities. The ratios of neon and sulfur to oxygen abundance are similar to the respective ratios obtained for other emission-line galaxies. On the other hand, the chlorine-to-oxygen abundance ratio in SBS 0335-052E is lower, while the argon-to-oxygen abundance ratio is higher than those in other low-metallicity galaxies. The Fe/O abundance ratios in different regions of SBS 0335-052E are among the highest for emission-line galaxies implying that iron is almost entirely not depleted onto dust grains despite dust being detected in this galaxy in earlier ISO and Spitzer observations. The N/O abundance ratio in both galaxies is slightly higher than that derived for other BCDs with 12 + logO/H < 7.6. This implies that the N/O in extremely metal-deficient galaxies could increase with decreasing metallicity.
An empirical study of Principal Component Analysis for clustering gene expression data

Motivation : There is a great need to develop analytical methodology to analyze and to exploit the information contained in gene expression data. Because of the large number of genes and the complexity of biological networks, clustering is a useful exploratory technique for analysis of gene expression data. Other classical techniques, such as principal component analysis (PCA), have also been applied to analyze gene expression data. Using different data analysis techniques and different clustering algorithms to analyze the same data set can lead to very different conclusions. Our goal is to study the effectiveness of principal components (PC’s) in capturing cluster structure. In other words, we empirically compared the quality of clusters obtained from the original data set to the quality of clusters obtained from clustering the PC’s using both real and synthetic gene expression data sets. Results : Our empirical study showed that clustering with the PC’s instead of the original variables does not necessarily improve, and often degrade, cluster quality. In particular, the ﬁrst few PC’s (which contain most of the variation in the data) do not necessarily capture most of the cluster structure. We also showed that clustering with PC’s has different impact on different algorithms and different similarity metrics. Overall, we would not recommend PCA before clustering except in special circumstances.
Sex-Specific Effects of Childhood Poverty on Neurocircuitry of Processing of Emotional Cues: A Neuroimaging Study

Background: There is accumulating evidence on the negative impacts of childhood poverty on physical and mental health. Previous work has suggested hyperactive neural response to social fear cues, as well as impairment in neural regulatory functions. However, despite differences found between males and females in stress-related and anxiety disorders, possible sex-specific effects of poverty on emotional processing have not been explored. Methods: We analyzed data from three previously reported experiments of childhood poverty effects on emotional processing and regulation, for sex-specific effects. Participants were 52 healthy Caucasian males and females, from a longitudinal cohort of poverty development study, who were recruited for examining the long-term effects of childhood poverty and stress. The three functional MRI studies included emotion regulation task, emotional face assessment task, and shifted attention emotion appraisal task. Brain activations that associated with childhood poverty previously were entered into a regression analysis with interaction of gender by childhood income-to-need ratio as the independent variable, and age and current income-to-need ratio as variables of no interest, separately for males and females. Results: Amygdala reactivity to implicitly processed fearful faces was positively correlated with childhood income-to-need in adult females but not males. On the other hand, activation in dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal regions during emotion regulation by reappraisal was positively correlated with childhood income-to-need in males. Conclusion: Childhood poverty may exert sex-specific effects in adulthood as presented by hypersensitive emotional reactivity of the amygdala in females, and impaired emotion regulatory function of the prefrontal cortex in males. Results suggest further focus on sex-specific effects of childhood poverty.
Assessment of Collaboration and Interoperability in an Information Management System to Support Bioscience Research

Biomedical researchers often have to work on massive, detailed, and heterogeneous datasets that raise new challenges of information management. This study reports an investigation into the nature of the problems faced by the researchers in two bioscience test laboratories when dealing with their data management applications. Data were collected using ethnographic observations, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews. The major problems identified in working with these systems were related to data organization, publications, and collaboration. The interoperability standards were analyzed using a C(4)I framework at the level of connection, communication, consolidation, and collaboration. Such an analysis was found to be useful in judging the capabilities of data management systems at different levels of technological competency. While collaboration and system interoperability are the "must have" attributes of these biomedical scientific laboratory information management applications, usability and human interoperability are the other design concerns that must also be addressed for easy use and implementation.
Diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia.

entricular tachycardia has three typical features: a rate greater than 100 bpm, a wide QRS (generally >120 ms), and dissociation with atrial activity. In its nonsustained form (<30 seconds), it may go unnoticed, or be associated with transient palpitations or pre-syncope. Its importance lies in its sustained forms where it can lead to pulmonary congestion, syncope and cardiogenic shock. In addition to a tachycardia, clinical findings may include hypotension, a raised jugular venous pressure with cannon A waves, and a variable intensity of S1. Figure 1 describes some of the common terms used in association with ventricular tachycardia.
DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITIONS AND THE LIFE COURSE: Lessons from Japanese and American Comparisons

Three features of early life course of Americans and Europeans during the twen tieth century are of note: (1) the increased age-grading of transitions; (2) the closer spacing of different transitions, and (3) the more extensive overlap between economic and family transitions. Historical changes in the structure of individual life histories have been interpreted alternatively, as a consequence of industrialization and urbanization, or as the result of rising levels of the family and personal incomes available for consumption and investment in human capital skills. In this article we bring additional evidence to bear on this debate by comparing historical changes in the early life transitions of men and women in Japan and the United States. Trends in the transition to adulthood systematically relate to the structure of schools and labor markets in the two nations, drawing attention to the various life course implications of the institutional forms under which industrial societies may organize.