Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha is increased in ischemic retina: temporal and spatial correlation with VEGF expression.

PURPOSE Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor composed of HIF-1alpha and HIF-1beta subunits. HIF-1 transactivates multiple genes whose products play key roles in oxygen homeostasis, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This study was designed to determine whether HIF-1 levels are increased in ischemic retina and whether there is a correlation with increased expression of VEGF. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were killed at time points that span retinal vascular development (PO to adult), or on postnatal day (P) 7 they were placed in a 75% oxygen environment for 5 days and then removed to room air and killed after 0, 2, or 6, or 24 hours and 5 or 14 days. Eyes were frozen, and retinas were isolated and used for immunoblot analysis, or eyes were sectioned for immunohisto chemical staining for HIF-1alpha or HIF-1beta, or for in situ hybridization for VEGF. RESULTS Immunoblots of retinal lysates showed low levels of HIF-1alpha at PO that were markedly increased at P4, remained high throughout the period of retinal vascular development and then decreased to an intermediate level in adults. HIF-1beta levels were relatively constant at all time points. In mice with oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy, HIF-1alpha levels were increased in the retina. The peak of increase occurred at 2 hours, and levels returned to baseline by 24 hours. Immunohistochemistry showed increased staining for HIF-1alpha throughout the hypoxic inner retina, but not in the normoxic outer retina. There was no modulation of HIF-1beta levels. There was constitutive expression of VEGF mRNA in the inner nuclear layer that was increased 6 hours after the onset of hypoxia and remained elevated for several days. CONCLUSIONS There are increased levels of HIF-1alpha in ischemic retina that show temporal and spatial correlation with increased expression of VEGF. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that HIF-1 plays a role in upregulation of VEGF in ischemic retina.
Clinical significance of DAPK promoter hypermethylation in lung cancer: a meta-analysis

Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK) is an important serine/threonine kinase involved in various cellular processes, including apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation. DAPK expression and activity are deregulated in a variety of diseases including cancer. Methylation of the DAPK gene is common in many types of cancer and can lead to loss of DAPK expression. However, the association between DAPK promoter hypermethylation and the clinicopathological significance of lung cancer remains unclear. In this study, we searched the MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, systematically investigated the studies of DAPK promoter hypermethylation in lung cancer and quantified the association between DAPK promoter hypermethylation and its clinicopathological significance by meta-analysis. We observed that the frequency of DAPK methylation was significantly higher in lung cancer than in non-malignant lung tissues (odds ratio 6.02, 95% confidence interval 3.17–11.42, P<0.00001). The pooled results also showed the presence of a prognostic impact of DAPK gene methylation in lung cancer patients (odds ratio 3.63, 95% confidence interval 1.09–12.06, P=0.04). In addition, we summarized these findings and discuss tumor suppressor function, clinicopathological significance, and potential drug targeting of DAPK in lung cancer.
Adenoviral vaccine induction of CD8+ T cell memory inflation: Impact of co-infection and infection order

The efficacies of many new T cell vaccines rely on generating large populations of long-lived pathogen-specific effector memory CD8 T cells. However, it is now increasingly recognized that prior infection history impacts on the host immune response. Additionally, the order in which these infections are acquired could have a major effect. Exploiting the ability to generate large sustained effector memory (i.e. inflationary) T cell populations from murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and human Adenovirus-subtype (AdHu5) 5-beta-galactosidase (Ad-lacZ) vector, the impact of new infections on pre-existing memory and the capacity of the host’s memory compartment to accommodate multiple inflationary populations from unrelated pathogens was investigated in a murine model. Simultaneous and sequential infections, first with MCMV followed by Ad-lacZ, generated inflationary populations towards both viruses with similar kinetics and magnitude to mono-infected groups. However, in Ad-lacZ immune mice, subsequent acute MCMV infection led to a rapid decline of the pre-existing Ad-LacZ-specific inflating population, associated with bystander activation of Fas-dependent apoptotic pathways. However, responses were maintained long-term and boosting with Ad-lacZ led to rapid re-expansion of the inflating population. These data indicate firstly that multiple specificities of inflating memory cells can be acquired at different times and stably co-exist. Some acute infections may also deplete pre-existing memory populations, thus revealing the importance of the order of infection acquisition. Importantly, immunization with an AdHu5 vector did not alter the size of the pre-existing memory. These phenomena are relevant to the development of adenoviral vectors as novel vaccination strategies for diverse infections and cancers. (241 words)
Preprint Reference Dark Energy and Modified Gravity

Explanations of the late-time cosmic acceleration within the framework of general relativity are plagued by difficulties. General relativistic models are mostly based on a dark energy field with fine-tuned, unnatural properties. There is a great variety of models, but all share one feature in common – an inability to account for the gravitational properties of the vacuum energy, and a failure to solve the so-called coincidence problem. Two broad alternatives to dark energy have emerged as candidate models: these typically address only the coincidence problem and not the vacuum energy problem. The first is based on general relativity and attempts to describe the acceleration as an effect of inhomogeneity in the universe. If this alternative could be shown to work, then it would provide a dramatic resolution of the coincidence problem; however, a convincing demonstration of viability has not yet emerged. The second alternative is based on infra-red modifications to general relativity, leading to a weakening of gravity on the largest scales and thus to acceleration. Most examples investigated so far are scalar-tensor or [. ] DURRER, Ruth, MAARTENS, Roy. Dark Energy and Modified Gravity. 2008, 28 p.
Orbital characters determined from Fermi surface intensity patterns using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

In order to determine the orbital characters on the various Fermi surface pockets of the Fe-based superconductors Ba0.6K0. 4Fe2As2 and FeSe0.45Te0. 55, we introduce a method to calculate photoemission matrix elements. We compare our simulations to experimental data obtained with various experimental configurations of beam orientation and light polarization. We show that the photoemission intensity patterns revealed from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements of Fermi surface mappings and energy-momentum plots along high-symmetry lines exhibit asymmetries carrying precious information on the nature of the states probed, information that is destroyed after the data symmetrization process often performed in the analysis of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy data. Our simulations are consistent with Fermi surfaces originating mainly from the d(xy), d(xz), and d(yz) orbitals in these materials.
Predicting the Performance of Data Transfer in a Grid Environment

In a Grid environment, implementing a parallel algorithm for data transfer or multiple parallel jobs allocation doesn’t give reliable data transfer. There is a need to predict the data transfer performance before allocating the parallel processes on grid nodes. In this paper we propose a predictive framework for performing efficient data transfer. Our framework considers different phases for providing information about efficient and reliable participating nodes in a computational Grid environment. Experimental results reveal that multivariable predictors provide better accuracy compared to univariable predictors. We observe that the Neural Network prediction technique provides better prediction accuracy compared to the Multiple Linear Regression and Decision Regression. Proposed ranking factor overcomes the problem of considering fresh participating nodes in data transfer.
Progression of white matter hyperintensities of presumed vascular origin increases the risk of falls in older people.

BACKGROUND Greater volume of cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH) of presumed vascular origin may affect postural control and gait. WMH measured at one time point predicts an increased risk of incident multiple falls. However, it is unknown whether WMH progression increases falls risk. We hypothesized that the progression of WMH would be associated with a greater risk of multiple falls. METHODS A population-based sample aged more than 60 years was randomly selected from the electoral roll and followed up 2.5 years apart with two phases of measurement. Magnetic resonance imaging scans from both time points were subjected to automated segmentation to derive WMH volumes. Falls were recorded prospectively over 12 months after the second magnetic resonance imaging measurement. A generalized linear model was used to estimate the relative risk of multiple falls associated with WMH progression adjusted for confounders. RESULTS There were 187 people (mean age 70.4, SD 6.5) with a mean follow-up of 2.5 (SD 0.4) years. Over 12 months, 35 (18.7%) participants reported multiple falls. A greater progression of WMH was associated with an increased risk of multiple falls (adjusted relative risk 1.30, 95% confidence interval 1.00-1.70, p = .05) independent of baseline WMH volume, duration of follow-up, age, sex, and total intracranial volume. This association was unchanged when adjusted for medical history, peripheral sensorimotor factors, gait speed, cognition, medications, mood, and magnetic resonance imaging infarcts. CONCLUSION Greater WMH progression independently increased the risk of multiple falls. Interventions to slow the progression of WMH may be successful in reducing this risk.
A Consensus-based Educational Framework and Competency Set for the Discipline of Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

ABSTRACT Background: Various organizations and universities have developed competencies for health professionals and other emergency responders. Little effort has been devoted to the integration of these competencies across health specialties and professions. The American Medical Association Center for Public Health Preparedness and Disaster Response convened an expert working group (EWG) to review extant competencies and achieve consensus on an educational framework and competency set from which educators could devise learning objectives and curricula tailored to fit the needs of all health professionals in a disaster. Methods: The EWG conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed and non–peer reviewed published literature. In addition, after-action reports from Hurricane Katrina and relevant publications recommended by EWG members and other subject matter experts were reviewed for congruencies and gaps. Consensus was ensured through a 3-stage Delphi process. Results: The EWG process developed a new educational framework for disaster medicine and public health preparedness based on consensus identification of 7 core learning domains, 19 core competencies, and 73 specific competencies targeted at 3 broad health personnel categories. Conclusions: The competencies can be applied to a wide range of health professionals who are expected to perform at different levels (informed worker/student, practitioner, leader) according to experience, professional role, level of education, or job function. Although these competencies strongly reflect lessons learned following the health system response to Hurricane Katrina, it must be understood that preparedness is a process, and that these competencies must be reviewed continually and refined over time. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2008;2:57–68)
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC): ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.

M. Früh1, D. De Ruysscher2, S. Popat3, L. Crinò4, S. Peters5 & E. Felip6, on behalf of the ESMO Guidelines Working Group* Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, Switzerland; Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven/KU Leuven, Belgium; Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK; Department of Oncology, Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Sant Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia, Italy; Département d’Oncologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland; Medical Oncology Service, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain;
Th1 and Th2 ummune responses related to pelvic endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE This study analyzed the relationship between clinical characteristics of endometriosis and Th1/Th2 immune response patterns. METHODS A prospective study was performed with 65 patients with endometriosis (Group A) and 33 without the disease (Group B). Measurement of IL 2, 4 and 10, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma was carried out in peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid. RESULTS Serum TNF-alpha was higher in patients with endometriosis who had deep dyspareunia compared to controls (mean 4.5 pg/ml and 2.3 pg/ml, p<0.05). Among these patients (n=32), 65.5% had deep endometriosis. Patients with endometriosis and infertility had higher IL-2 concentrations in peritoneal fluid than controls (mean 5.9 pg/ml and 0.2 pg/ml, p<0.05). Among these patients (n=22), 63.5% (n=14) had deep endometriosis. A higher concentration of IL-10 was also observed in patients with ovarian endometriosis when compared to those without this type of disease, as well as when compared to control group patients (mean 50 pg/ml, 18.7 pg/ml and 25.7 pg/ml, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that when specific clinical data are associated with a higher production of certain cytokines, there is a Th1 response pattern that may be related to deep infiltrating endometriosis.
Acceleration and Velocity Sensing from Measured Strain

A simple approach for computing acceleration and velocity of a structure from the strain is proposed in this study. First, deflection and slope of the structure are computed from the strain using a two-step theory. Frequencies of the structure are computed from the time histories of strain using a parameter estimation technique together with an autoregressive moving average model. From deflection, slope, and frequencies of the structure, acceleration and velocity of the structure can be obtained using the proposed approach. Simple harmonic motion is assumed for the acceleration computations, and the central difference equation with a linear autoregressive model is used for the computations of velocity. A cantilevered rectangular wing model is used to validate the simple approach. Quality of the computed deflection, acceleration, and velocity values are independent of the number of fibers. The central difference equation with a linear autoregressive model proposed in this study follows the target response with reasonable accuracy. Therefore, the handicap of the backward difference equation, phase shift, is successfully overcome.
Classical Homomorphic Encryption for Quantum Circuits

We present the first leveled fully homomorphic encryption scheme for quantum circuits with classical keys. The scheme allows a classical client to blindly delegate a quantum computation to a quantum server: an honest server is able to run the computation while a malicious server is unable to learn any information about the computation. We show that it is possible to construct such a scheme directly from a quantum secure classical homomorphic encryption scheme with certain properties. Finally, we show that a classical homomorphic encryption scheme with the required properties can be constructed from the learning with errors problem.
Distorted Maternal Mental Representations and Atypical Behavior in a Clinical Sample of Violence-Exposed Mothers and Their Toddlers

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether maternal violence-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), reflective functioning (RF), and/or quality of mental representations of her child predicts maternal behavior within a referred sample of mothers exposed to interpersonal violence and their children (aged 8–50 months). Method: A total of 41 dyads completed 2 videotaped visits including measures of maternal mental representations and behavior. Results: Negative and distorted maternal mental representations predicted atypical behavior (Cohen's d > 1.0). Although maternal PTSD and RF impacted mental representations, no significant relationships were found between PTSD, RF, and overall atypical caregiving behavior. Severity of maternal PTSD was, however, positively correlated with the avoidant caregiving behavior subscale. Conclusions: Maternal mental representations of her child are useful risk indicators that mark dysregulation of trauma-associated emotions in the caregiver.
Eyetracking Reveals Multiple-Category Use in Induction Stephanie

Category information is used to predict properties of new category members. When categorization is uncertain, people often rely on only one, most likely category to make predictions. Yet studies of perception and action often conclude that people combine multiple sources of information nearoptimally. We present a perception-action analog of category-based induction using eye movements as a measure of prediction. The categories were objects of different shapes that moved in various directions. Experiment 1 found that people integrated information across categories in predicting object motion. The results of Experiment 2 suggest that the integration of information found in Experiment 1 were not a result of explicit strategies. Experiment 3 tested the role of explicit categorization, finding that making a categorization judgment, even an uncertain one, stopped people from using multiple categories in our eye-movement task. Experiment 4 found that induction was indeed based on category-level predictions rather than associations between object properties and directions.
Developing Virtual Social Communities

This paper presents two case studies of how the Bohra community and the East Indian community in Mumbai, India make use of social tools that include their own customized community online portals, Facebook and YouTube to create and manage social content for their respective communities. The aim is to contrast and identify learning points with regards to the usefulness and effectiveness of social tools for community engagement, and to infer design and development factors for building social innovations for communities in the future. The findings suggest that five areas are of particular importance: (1) Content and knowledge creation, (2) Preservation of cultural identity, (3) Design for social structures, (4) Engendering community trust, and (5) Adapting appropriate integrated-hybrid models.
Decentralized sliding mode control technique based power system stabilizer (PSS) for multimachine power system

Power system stabilizers (PSSs) are added to excitation system to enhance the damping of low frequency oscillations. In this paper, the design of PSS for multimachine power system (MMPS) using output feedback sliding mode control is proposed. The nonlinear model of a multimachine power system is linearized at various operating points and the linearized model of the plant is obtained. The multirate output feedback sliding mode controller is designed and is applied to nonlinear plant model of the multimachine power system at those operating (equilibrium) points. This method does not require the complete states of the system for feedback and is easily implementable
Year : 2014 Software Developers ’ Perceptions of Productivity

The better the software development community becomes at creating software, the more software the world seems to demand. Although there is a large body of research about measuring and investigating productivity from an organizational point of view, there is a paucity of research about how software developers, those at the front-line of software construction, think about, assess and try to improve their productivity. To investigate software developers’ perceptions of software development productivity, we conducted two studies: a survey with 379 professional software developers to help elicit themes and an observational study with 11 professional software developers to investigate emergent themes in more detail. In both studies, we found that developers perceive their days as productive when they complete many or big tasks without significant interruptions or context switches. Yet, the observational data we collected shows our participants performed significant task and activity switching while still feeling productive. We analyze such apparent contradictions in our findings and use the analysis to propose ways to better support software developers in a retrospection and improvement of their productivity through the development of new tools and the sharing of best practices. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ESEM.2017. 17 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-98324 Originally published at: Meyer, André; Fritz, Thomas; Murphy, Gail C; Zimmermann, Thomas (2014). Software Developers’ Perceptions of Productivity. In: FSE 14, Hong Kong, 16 November 2014 21 November 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ESEM.2017. 17 Software Developers’ Perceptions of Productivity André N. Meyer, Thomas Fritz University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland andre.meyer@uzh.ch, fritz@ifi.uzh.ch Gail C. Murphy University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC Canada murphy@cs.ubc. ca Thomas Zimmermann Microsoft Research Redmond, WA USA tzimmer@microsoft.com
The Effect of Texture and Microstructure on Equibiaxial Fracture in Gallium Embrittled Aluminum Sheet

xiv CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Crystallographic Texture in Aluminum Sheet 6 1.1.1 Deformation Textures 6 1.1.2 Recrystallization Textures in Aluminum Sheet. 7 1.2 Grain Boundaries in Aluminum 8 1.2.1 Characterization of Grain Boundaries 8 1.2.2 Measurement and Calculation of Grain Boundary Character 12 1.2.2.1 Example Determination of a CSL Misorientaton 17 1.2.3 CSL Relationships in Aluminum 19 1.3 Two-Dimensional Microstructures 22 1.3. 1 Experimental Production of 2D Microstructures 22 1.3. 2 Numerical Fracture Simulations Involving 2D Microstructure 23 1.4 Liquid Metal Embrittlement of Aluminum with Gallium 23 1.5 Research Overview 28 CHAPTER 2 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES 31 2.1 Fabrication of Sheet Specimens 31 2.1.1 Fabrication of 2D Microstructures 34 2.1.1.1 Bbiaxial Specimens 34 2.1 . 1.2 Tbiaxial Specimens 35 2.2 Liquid Metal Embrittlement of Aluminum 36 2.3 Fracture Apparatus 38 2.3. 1 The Biaxial Loading Fixture 38