Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient filtration for similarity search with spaced k-mer neighbors

In DNA and protein sequence similarity search, seeding (or filtration) has been widely used to trade search sensitivity with search speed. In this paper, a new seeding method, called spaced k-mer neighbors, is introduced to provide a more efficient tradeoff between the speed and sensitivity in protein similarity search. The new method pre-selects a set of spaced k-mers as neighbors, and uses the neighbors to detect hits between the query and database sequences. An efficient heuristic algorithm is proposed for the neighbor selection. We demonstrate that the method can improve the tradeoff efficiency over existing seeding methods.
L’homicide conjugal à Montréal, ses raisons, ses conditions et son déroulement

Conjugal homicide is a situation where one person murders another person with whom he or she is involved through a matrimonial, quasi-matrimonial or other romantic relationship, the study of this type of homicide is based on the entirety of conjugal murders known to police (77) and committed in different municipalities on the island of Montreal during two time periods, namely 1954 to 1962 and 1985 to 1989. The great majority of these crimes are committed by a man onto a woman. Analyses show that possessiveness — understood to be the desire of one person to exclusively control the other — is by far the reason which leads a man to murder the woman he supposedly loves. However, this desire to possess or control is not in itself sufficient for a man to execute his criminal activity, since a number of conditions must coexist : the woman questions her relationship with the man ; the man may physically strike the woman ; the man has the advantage of greater physical strength; the period of time involved is sufficiently lengthy allowing the crisis to develop and enter its critical phase and finally, the perpetrator succeeds in surpassing the inhibitions which initially impede one from killing another.
NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ANAESTHETICS 9 RC 1

The treatment of ischemic brain disease remains a challenge. There is as yet no clinical evidence that any commonly used agent affords significant neuroprotection against ischemic injury. However, a large volume of experimental data shows confirms that anaesthetics do have at least have short term neuroprotective properties in vitro as well as in vivo in animals. This article will commence with a brief summary of the main changes in brain metabolism, triggered by ischemic/anoxic injury and neuronal death. I will then review some experimental data showing that anaesthetics exhibit neuroprotective properties both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, I will discuss the clinical relevance of these findings and the prospects for the future.
Knowledge cybernetics: a new metaphor for social collectives

Abstract Knowledge cybernetics is principally concerned with the development of agents like autonomous social collectives that survive through knowledge and knowledge processes. Deriving from epistemological antecedents created by Stafford Beer and explored through notions of ontology by Eric Schwarz, a new form of knowledge management arises that is connected with the notions of Marshall and her new radical classifications for knowledge. These ideas can be closely associated with concepts of lifeworld and the ideas of communicative action by Habermas, and leads to a useful knowledge cybernetic framework. This has the capacity to relate to and develop a variety of what might be thought of as otherwise disparate theories that can ultimately be expressed in terms of knowledge.
Control Over Multiple Forms of Instructional Assistance While Learning the Cascade Juggle

The purpose of this study was to examine the juggling performance and self-control behaviors of individuals in a self-controlled motor learning protocol. Of particular interest were behaviors related to how participants used four types of instructional assistance as they learned 3-ball cascade juggling: (a) Instructions; (b) video demonstration; (c) verbal feedback about their most critical error; and (d) verbal timing information about their previous attempt. Additionally the study addressed the potential interplay of performance, self-efficacy, self-control behaviors, and self-regulatory skills such as task clarification, goal generation, and use of learning strategies. Twenty undergraduate students completed practice sessions on four consecutive days. On the fifth day, participants returned for a 10-attempt retention test. They also completed a 10attempt transfer test requiring them to juggle balls that differed in weight. In addition, participants completed up to four self-efficacy assessments and a post-training interview asking them to rate and describe their preferences for assistance, goal-related behaviors, and use of learning strategies. Juggling performance was assessed in terms of catches per attempt and participants were divided into groups based on performance in retention and transfer testing: Late Learners (n = 6) averaged fewer than 4 catches per attempt in retention and transfer; Emerging Learners (n = 8) averaged between 4 and 20 catches per attempt in retention or transfer; and Proficient Learners (n = 6) averaged greater than 20 catches per attempt in retention or transfer. Regardless of proficiency level, participants demonstrated a tendency to decrease requests for informational forms of assistance throughout acquisition. Requests for KR increased throughout acquisition for those who became increasingly proficient. Participants reported requesting KR after primarily good attempts and utilizing KR to monitor progress and increase confidence. Participants reported requesting KP after both good and bad attempts and utilizing
A New Approach for Optimal Multiple Watermarks Injection

The digital imaging technology has grown explosively for multimedia applications in recent years. The need for the copyrighted digitalized media becomes urgent nowadays. An approach for the digital copyright protection is to employ advanced watermarking techniques, where watermarks can reveal the ownership identities. Generally speaking, the watermarks are embedded into image or video signals. In this paper, we will investigate digital watermarking techniques and propose a new optimal watermarking scheme. When multiple embedded watermarks are considered, a new analysis for the signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratios (SINRs) with respect to the subject signal and the watermark signals is carried out. The objective quality measure for the digital watermarking applications should essentially consist of both signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio for the subject signal and similarity coefficients for the watermarks. In order to optimize the aforementioned objective measure, we design a novel efficient scale-factor optimization scheme, which can lead to the maximum overall SINR for both subject signal and watermarks. Simulation results are also demonstrated to illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Gibberellin-Mediated Proteasome-Dependent Degradation of the Barley DELLA Protein SLN1 Repressor Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.006197.

DELLA proteins are nuclear repressors of plant gibberellin (GA) responses. Here, we investigate the properties of SLN1, a DELLA protein from barley that is destabilized by GA treatment. Using specific inhibitors of proteasome function, we show that proteasome-mediated protein degradation is necessary for GA-mediated destabilization of SLN1. We also show that GA responses, such as the aleurone α-amylase response and seedling leaf extension growth, require proteasome-dependent GA-mediated SLN1 destabilization. In further experiments with protein kinase and protein phosphatase inhibitors, we identify two additional signaling steps that are necessary for GA response and for GA-mediated destabilization of SLN1. Thus, GA signaling involves protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation steps and promotes the derepression of GA responses via proteasome-dependent destabilization of DELLA repressors.
QUALITY CONTROL

This study of local British newspaper journalists focuses on three aspects of entrenched newsroom culture—news values and norms, work routines and outputs, and occupational roles—to explore the boundaries that journalists see as distinguishing them from outside contributors. Findings suggest they view user-generated content (UGC) from a traditional professional perspective and weigh its benefits in terms of its contribution to the journalism they produce. While most are open to its inclusion on newspaper websites, particularly as a traffic builder and supplemental source of hyperlocal information, they believe UGC can undermine journalistic norms and values unless carefully monitored—a gatekeeping task they fear cannot fit within newsroom routines threatened by resource constraints of increasing severity.
Measurement of integrated healthcare delivery: a systematic review of methods and future research directions

Background Integrated healthcare delivery is a policy goal of healthcare systems. There is no consensus on how to measure the concept, which makes it difficult to monitor progress. Purpose To identify the different types of methods used to measure integrated healthcare delivery with emphasis on structural, cultural and process aspects. Methods Medline/Pubmed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, WHOLIS, and conventional internet search engines were systematically searched for methods to measure integrated healthcare delivery (published – April 2008). Results Twenty-four published scientific papers and documents met the inclusion criteria. In the 24 references we identified 24 different measurement methods; however, 5 methods shared theoretical framework. The methods can be categorized according to type of data source: a) questionnaire survey data, b) automated register data, or c) mixed data sources. The variety of concepts measured reflects the significant conceptual diversity within the field, and most methods lack information regarding validity and reliability. Conclusion Several methods have been developed to measure integrated healthcare delivery; 24 methods are available and some are highly developed. The objective governs the method best used. Criteria for sound measures are suggested and further developments should be based on an explicit conceptual framework and focus on simplifying and validating existing methods.
The hydH/G Genes from Escherichia coli code for a zinc and lead responsive two-component regulatory system.

The hydH/G genes from Escherichia coli code for a two-component regulatory system that has been implicated in the regulation of hydrogenase 3 formation. In a detailed study of the function of HydH/G employing hycA'-'lacZ reporter gene fusions, it was shown that HydH/G indeed led to a stimulation of activation of the hycA promoter responsible for hydrogenase 3 synthesis but only when hydG is overexpressed from a plasmid in a strain lacking FhlA. Since the stimulation was not observed with an fdhF'-'lacZ fusion, and since it was independent from a functional hydH gene product, it must be considered as unspecific cross-talk. An extensive search for the actual physiological signal of HydH/G showed that the system responds to high concentrations of zinc or lead in the medium. Expression of zraP, a gene inversely oriented to hydH/G whose product seems to be involved in acquisition of tolerance to high Zn(2+) concentrations, is stimulated by high Zn(2+) and Pb(2+) concentrations and this stimulation requires both HydH and HydG. Purified HydG in the presence of phosphoryl donors binds to a region within the zraP-hydHG intergenic region that is characterised by two inverted repeats separated by a 14 bp spacer. Putative -12/-24 sigma(54)-dependent promoter motifs are present upstream of both the zraP and the hydHG transcriptional units; in accordance, transcription of zraP is strictly dependent on the presence of a functional rpoN gene. The expression of hydH/G is autoregulated: high Zn(2+) and Pb(2+) concentrations lead to a significant increase of the HydG protein content which took place only in a hydH(+) genetic background. Since HydH binds to membranes tightly, it is assumed that the HydH/G system senses high periplasmic Zn(2+) and Pb(2+) concentrations and contributes to metal tolerance by activating the expression of zraP. The redesignation of hydH/G as zraS/R is suggested.
Touring TV Soap Operas: Genre in Film Tourism Research

There is a growing body of literature that addresses the relationships between film and television programmes and tourism. However, we argue in this paper that much of this research has not considered the critical issue of genre and how this may be a key factor in shaping tourist demand, expectation, experience and behaviour. In particular, we suggest that the distinctive characteristics of TV soap operas have been neglected, with much of the literature focused on English language, ‘blockbuster’ Hollywood produced film releases. In this paper, we address TV soap operas as genre in relation to audience consumption and their possible links with tourism. We discuss the defining features of soap operas including their serialisation, the level of audience exposure and emotional engagement along with their connections with personal and domestic everyday life. We note their being a platform for interpersonal, intercultural and inter-textual discourse. We argue in the context of film tourism, that viewing soap operas may promote identification, empathy, emotional connection and parasocial interactions, and that these may motivate some audience members to visit soap opera locations, and also contextualise their anticipation concerning what they might expect to experience.
Early Increase and Late Decrease of Purkinje Cell Dendritic Spine Density in Prion-Infected Organotypic Mouse Cerebellar Cultures

Prion diseases are infectious neurodegenerative diseases associated with the accumulation of protease-resistant prion protein, neuronal loss, spongiform change and astrogliosis. In the mouse model, the loss of dendritic spines is one of the earliest pathological changes observed in vivo, occurring 4–5 weeks after the first detection of protease-resistant prion protein in the brain. While there are cell culture models of prion infection, most do not recapitulate the neuropathology seen in vivo. Only the recently developed prion organotypic slice culture assay has been reported to undergo neuronal loss and the development of some aspects of prion pathology, namely small vacuolar degeneration and tubulovesicular bodies. Given the rapid replication of prions in this system, with protease-resistant prion protein detectable by 21 days, we investigated whether the dendritic spine loss and altered dendritic morphology seen in prion disease might also develop within the lifetime of this culture system. Indeed, six weeks after first detection of protease-resistant prion protein in tga20 mouse cerebellar slice cultures infected with RML prion strain, we found a statistically significant loss of Purkinje cell dendritic spines and altered dendritic morphology in infected cultures, analogous to that seen in vivo. In addition, we found a transient but statistically significant increase in Purkinje cell dendritic spine density during infection, at the time when protease-resistant prion protein was first detectable in culture. Our findings support the use of this slice culture system as one which recapitulates prion disease pathology and one which may facilitate study of the earliest stages of prion disease pathogenesis.
Discharge patterns of single geniculate neurons during the rapid eye movements of sleep.

SEVERAL RECENT STUDIES HAVE SHOWN that sleep with EEG slow waves is periodically interrupted by brief episodes of sleep with low-voltage fast EEG activity and rapid eye movements (REMs) (7, 8, 18, 19). During these episodes, single waves or groups of two to three waves appear in the lateral geniculate body in association with the REMs (6, 21). Each wave has an amplitude of 100-200 pV. , a duration of about 150 msec. , and is predominantly monophasic (6). During sleep with REMs the monophasic waves appear synchronously in both geniculates (3, 23). It has recently been found that depolarization of optic tract terminals lasting about 150-200 msec. OCcurs during the monophasic geniculate waves (2, 17). Thus, the REMs of sleep are associated both with a change in polarization of optic tract terminals and with a monophasic wave in the lateral geniculate. The present experiment was performed in order to study the discharge of geniculate neurons while these two events are taking place. The findings indicate that the majority of geniculate neurons fire impulses in bursts during REM sleep and that the monophasic wave appearing in the lateral geniculate during the REM is correlated with this unitary discharge. These findings were obtained both in intact cats and in cats whose eyes had been enucleated.
The maxillary sinus floor in the oral implantology.

UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to establish the mean distances between the maxillary sinus floor and the roots of the lateral maxillary teeth in dentate subjects, respectively the mean height of the available bone for oral implant placement in the corresponding area, in edentulous ones. MATERIAL AND METHODS We determined the maxillary sinus floor position in relation to morphoclinical alveolodental benchmarks on 50 dry skulls, dentate 30 and edentulous 20, and correlations were performed by use of 40 CT-scans of the targeted area. In addition, 20 human adult cadavers were bilaterally dissected in order to bring topographical evidence at that level. RESULTS The data we obtained lead us to define three dentosinusal relations: tangent (close) relation 60.8%; distanced relation 25.6%; penetrating relation: 13.6%; three subantral classes in edentulous patients, emphasizing the direct relation of the age of the edentulism and the degree of bone resorption. We discuss the results we obtained from the viewpoint of their application in the field of oral implantology. CONCLUSIONS The maxillary sinus floor represents the danger zone for the oral implantology.
The Ottawa Mental Skills Assessment Tool (OMSAT-3*)

The purpose of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Ottawa Mental Skills Assessment Tool (OMSAT-3), an instrument developed to measure a broad range of mental skills (Salmela, 1992). The OMSAT-3 was administered to 335 athletes from 35 different sports. An initial first-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed that the model displayed an inadequate fit, which led to the postulation of a more robust version, the OMSAT-3*. A CFA on this latter version, which included 48 items and 12 mental skill scales grouped under three broader conceptual components—foundation, psychosomatic, and cognitive skills—indicated that the proposed model fit well the data. A second-order CFA assessing the validity of the three broader conceptual components also yielded adequate indices of fit. The OMSAT-3* significantly discriminated between competitive and elite level athletes and its scales yielded acceptable internal consistency and temporal stability. Implications for consultants, coache.
Direct Marketing Response Models using Genetic Algorithms 4 ypJHYT \ruL

Direct marketing response models seek to identify individuals most likely to respond to marketing solicitations. Such models are commonly evaluated on classification accuracy and some measure of fit-to-data. Given large customer files and budgetary limitations, only a fraction of the total file is typically selected for mailing promotional material. This desired mailing-depth presents potentially useful information that is not considered by conventional methods. This paper presents a genetic algorithm based approach for developing response models aimed at maximizing performance at the desired mailing depth. Here, depth of file information is explicitly taken into account during model development. Two modeling objectives, response maximization at selected mailing depth and fit-to-data, are considered and tradeoffs amongst these empirically explored. Resampling approaches, effective for controlling overfit to training data, are also investigated.
Integration in psychoanalytic psychotherapy – an attachment meta-perspective

Effective therapists need guiding models, but, paradoxically, the benefits of psychoanalytic psychotherapy may not flow from its espoused theories. Using an attachment framework, it is argued that psychoanalytic psychotherapy in common with all therapies, has three principal components: an attachment relationship; meaning-making; and change-promotion. Secure and insecure models of attachment help us to understand how therapists guide the therapeutic relationship in helpful or unhelpful directions. Freedom of meaning-making is a mark of secure attachment. Change is promoted by placing clients in a ‘benign bind’ characterized by: close engagement; discrepancy between client transferential expectations and therapist response; exploration and verbal descriptions of the feelings arising from these discrepancies. An attachment meta-perspective helps to reconcile apparent differences between psychoanalytic philosophies, and is inherently integrative.
Towards Eliminating Bias in Cluster Analysis of TB Genotyped Data

The relative contributions of transmission and reactivation of latent infection to TB cases observed clinically has been reported in many situations, but always with some uncertainty. Genotyped data from TB organisms obtained from patients have been used as the basis for heuristic distinctions between circulating (clustered strains) and reactivated infections (unclustered strains). Naïve methods previously applied to the analysis of such data are known to provide biased estimates of the proportion of unclustered cases. The hypergeometric distribution, which generates probabilities of observing clusters of a given size as realized clusters of all possible sizes, is analyzed in this paper to yield a formal estimator for genotype cluster sizes. Subtle aspects of numerical stability, bias, and variance are explored. This formal estimator is seen to be stable with respect to the epidemiologically interesting properties of the cluster size distribution (the number of clusters and the number of singletons) though it does not yield satisfactory estimates of the number of clusters of larger sizes. The problem that even complete coverage of genotyping, in a practical sampling frame, will only provide a partial view of the actual transmission network remains to be explored.
A Longitudinal Study of Cocaine Use Among Juvenile Arrestees

ABSTRACT We report the results of latent growth model analyses examining the continuity of cocaine use among adolescents. This study examined a sample of 278 justice-involved juveniles completing at least one of three follow-up interviews as part of a National Institute on Drug Abuse funded study. Latent growth models were analyzed examining (1) changes in cocaine use over time; (2) the effects of sociodemographic characteristics on cocaine use over time; and (3) the effects of family problem characteristics, deviant peer associations, physical abuse, sexual victimization, and emotional/psychological functioning on cocaine use over time. The results of our analyses indicated that cocaine use among these youths continued over time. Further, consistent with findings from existing literature, cocaine use was significantly related to drug using and delinquent peer associations, and marginally related to family problems with the justice system. Implications for policy and intervention service needs are discussed.