Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid simulation of a steel dual system with buckling‐induced first‐story column shortening: A mixed control mode approach

This paper presents a hybrid simulation (HS) with a proposed substructuring technique that captures the effect of first‐story column local buckling and axial shortening on the frame behavior. The HS is applied to examine the seismic response of a two‐dimensional seven‐story, two‐bay steel dual system. The experimental substructure consists of a full‐scale interior column and beam cruciform subassemblage, including a moderately ductile first‐story built‐up box column and two I‐shaped beams. Under combined axial and lateral loads, local buckling can occur near the column base, resulting in column shortening. The specimen is loaded through a four‐degree‐of‐freedom (DOF) mixed‐mode control (three displacement‐ and one force‐control) actuation system that simplifies the actual complex boundary conditions of the frame structure. To account for column shortening in the HS, a new approach consisting of a set of fictitious equivalent forces applied to columns in the numerical model to achieve compatible displacements with the experiment is implemented. Shortening of the two exterior columns in the model is simulated through finite element analysis using the computer program ABAQUS in an attempt to capture the redistribution of axial loads with column shortening. The test results confirm that the proposed modeling and control methods successfully integrate the experimental substructure and ABAQUS simulation into the HS, resulting in a more realistic frame response that captures the effect of column shortening in the analysis. The moderately ductile built‐up box column is verified to perform well in near‐fault earthquake loadings.
A Blockchain-Based Cross-Domain Authentication Management System for IoT Devices

With the emergence of the resource and equipment sharing concept, many enterprises and organizations begin to implement cross-domain sharing of devices, especially in the field of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, there are many problems in the cross-domain usage process of devices, such as access control, authentication, and privacy protection. In this paper, we make the following contributions. First, we propose a blockchain-based cross-domain authentication management system for IoT devices. The sensitive device information is stored in a Merkle tree structure where only the Merkle root is uploaded to the smart contract. Second, a detailed security and performance analysis is given. We prove that our system is secure against several potential security threats and satisfies validity and liveness. Compared to existing schemes, our schemes realize decentralization, privacy, scalability, fast off-chain authentication, and low on-chain storage. Third, we implement the system on Ethereum with varying parameters known as domain number, concurrent authentication request number, and Merkle tree leaf number. Experimental results show that our solution supports the management of millions of devices in a domain and can process more than 10,000 concurrent cross-domain authentication requests, consuming only 5531 ms. Meanwhile, the gas costs are shown to be acceptable.
The Biocompatibility of a New Type of 45S5 Bioactive Graft in a Sheep Model: A Pilot Study

Background Bone is a dramatically regenerating tissue with the ability to heal after trauma, although intensive surgical management is required to treat considerable damage. In this study, 45S5 bioactive grafts were prepared through the melt-quenched method in compliance with the guidelines on medical product requirements (MDD regulations; 93/42/EEC Annex-II section 3&4 and ISO standardizations; ISO 13485:2016) for bone repair and regeneration. Methodology After preparing the graft/scaffold, it was evaluated for biocompatibility according to the principles of “lSO 10993-6 2015 Biological evaluation of medical devices: Tests for local effects after implantation, Annex D ‘Test method for implantation in bone,’” “lSO 10993-2:2005 Biological evaluation of medical devices: Animal welfare requirements,” and “lSO 10993-12 2012 Biological evaluation of medical devices sample preparation rules and standards. ” Defects were created on the tibia of the right hind leg. The defects were filled with 3-mm bioactive granules, and a cylindrical polypropylene biocompatible material was used as a negative control. After 120 days, the sheep were sacrificed, and the tibia were analyzed. Results The results demonstrated the safety of 45S5 bioactive grafts. Histological evaluation showed no signs of pathological changes around the implant area. Hematoxylin and eosin sections demonstrated the presence of a few multinucleated giant cells, macrophages, and non-irritant mild fibrotic changes on the surface of the biomaterial. Conclusions 45S5 bioactive glass was found to be biocompatible in a sheep model, demonstrating its capacity to promote bone consolidation while also justifying its further preclinical application as a bone-bonded material owing to the layer formation of the growing bone mineral.
Lower-order-symmetry induced bandwidth-controllable terahertz polarization converter

A transmission-type terahertz (THz) variable-bandwidth cross-polarization converter consisting of single-layer ultrathin metasurface is designed, fabricated and experimentally demonstrated. Both the simulated and measured results show that the bandwidth of linear polarization conversion is about 0.45 THz with a polarization conversion ratio over 90%. Different from the previous studies that mainly contributed to the geometry phase, the excellent characteristic of our designed device results from field-suppression of co-polarization components and field-enhancement of cross-polarization components, respectively. Even more intriguingly, the bandwidth of cross-polarization conversion is tunable by consecutively breaking the symmetry of the micro-structure, that is, the lower-order rotational symmetry, leading to a lower-order-symmetry-controlled THz cross-polarization conversion. Our study is an important step forward in developing compact, integrated, and bandwidth-controllable THz circuits and functional devices.
Accretion and jets from stellar-mass to supermassive black holes

Accretion and jets occur in many astrophysical systems across a multitude of size and mass scales, and environments. As such, the study of accretion and jet physics has for decades been, and still remains, a hot topic in astrophysics. Accretion onto black holes has particular significance for many reasons, not least because supermassive black holes likely exist at the centres of every galaxy in the universe. The energetic impact of black hole accretion is therefore key to furthering our understanding of the universe as a whole. Over the past few decades we have learned that black hole accretion seems to be a scale-invariant process: despite the orders of magnitude difference in black hole mass, and the diversity of astrophysical environments accretion occurs within, the efficiency and power budget associated with the accretion process appears ignorant to these variables. However, the physical explanation for this scaling is lacking, due to the degeneracy in broadband spectral modelling. In this thesis I show work I have done, alongside many collaborators, to address these modelling degeneracies. I focus on the outflow-dominated states of accreting black holes, from the stellar-mass components of X-ray binaries in the Milky Way, to their supermassive analogues in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei. In addition, I show how this concept of scale-invariance can be used to make predictions about the existence of the more controversial primordial black holes.
What over 1,000,000 participants tell us about online research protocols

With the ever-increasing adoption of tools for online research, for the first time we have visibility on macro-level trends in research that were previously unattainable. However, until now this data has been siloed within company databases and unavailable to researchers. Between them, the online study creation and hosting tool Gorilla Experiment Builder and the recruitment platform Prolific hold metadata gleaned from millions of participants and over half a million studies. We analyzed a subset of this data (over 1 million participants and half a million studies) to reveal critical information about the current state of the online research landscape that researchers can use to inform their own study planning and execution. We analyzed this data to discover basic benchmarking statistics about online research that all researchers conducting their work online may be interested to know. In doing so, we identified insights related to: the typical study length, average completion rates within studies, the most frequent sample sizes, the most popular participant filters, and gross participant activity levels. We present this data in the hope that it can be used to inform research choices going forward and provide a snapshot of the current state of online research.
An Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Approach Between Medical Education and Positive Transcultural Psychotherapy to Lead Suicide Prevention Strategy for Healthcare Students and Healthcare Workers

Suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and completed suicides (CS), seem to be phenomena present globally and in heterogeneous growth. The objectives of this manuscript are to offer an overview of these phenomena related to mental health and mental well-being, focusing on the prevention of SI, SA, and CS, with multidisciplinary team (MDT) and interdisciplinary team (IDT) interventions that can be integrated into the daily activities of healthcare workers (HWs) and medical/healthcare students (MHSs). The role of medical education (MedEd) and counselling/psychotherapy, with particular interest in the PPT (Positive and Transcultural Psychotherapy), can become fundamental in intervention, identification, prevention activities, for MHSs and HWs.
The dynamics of finite-size settling particles

This book contributes to the fundamental understanding of the physical mechanisms that take place in pseudo turbulent particulate flows. In the present work we have considered the sedimentation of large numbers of spherical rigid particles in an initially quiescent flow field. We have performed direct numerical simulations employing an immersed boundary method for the representation of the fluid-solid interface. The results evidence that depending on the particle settling regime (i.e.\ Galileo number and particle-to-fluid density ratio) the particles may exhibit strong inhomogeneous spatial distribution. It is found that the particles are preferentially located in regions with downward fluid motion. The particles inside clusters experience larger settling velocities than the average. The flow in all flow cases is observed to exhibit characteristic features of pseudo-turbulence. The particle-induced flow field is further found to be highly anisotropic with dominant vertical components. The results indicate that, in the present flow configurations, the collective and mobility effects play significant role for the particle and fluid motion.
Constrained Least Mean Logarithmic Square Algorithm: Design and Performance Analysis

This paper introduces a novel constraint adaptive filtering algorithm based on a relative logarithmic cost function which is termed as Constrained Least Mean Logarithmic Square (CLMLS). The proposed CLMLS algorithm elegantly adjusts the cost function based on the amount of error thereby achieves better performance compared to the conventional Constrained LMS (CLMS) algorithm. With no assumption on input, the mean square stability analysis of the proposed CLMLS algorithm is presented using the energy conservation approach. The analytical expressions for the transient and steady state MSD are derived and these analytical results are validated through extensive simulations.
The Emergence of a New Business Approach in the Fashion and Apparel Industry: The Ethical Retailer

This study sought to examine new marketing ethics (ME) practices that can foster strong moral grounding in the fashion and apparel retail firms to delineate a new approach within this industry. We built on the distributive justice and stakeholder orientation literature to conduct a multi-case study with 15 self-proclaimed ethical fashion and apparel retailers to identify whether and how they differ from traditional and fast fashion retailers. Several data collection techniques were used to gather the evidence (i.e., direct observation, physical and online interviews) combined with a netnographic approach (i.e., online observation of websites and social media content). Our findings show that these firms are guided by ethical-centered values, which are reflected in their product components, purpose, communication practices, and sourcing practices, which point to the emergence of a new business approach. We contribute to the macromarketing literature by identifying a new perspective on the role of morality in ME based on distributive justice principles and stakeholder orientation. We also propose a more refined definition of ethical fashion and apparel retailers.
The Effect of Body-Worn Cameras on the Adjudication of Citizen Complaints of Police Misconduct

Abstract We use citizen complaint data from the Chicago Police Department and Civilian Office of Police Accountability filed between 2013-2020 to determine the extent to which Body-worn camera (BWC) footage enhances the efficacy of evidence used to formulate a conclusion of responsibility, and whether racial disparities in investigation outcomes would subsequently be reduced. Accordingly, we exploit the staggered deployment of BWCs across 22 Chicago police districts over time to estimate the effect of BWCs on these outcomes. Findings indicate BWCs led to a significant decrease in the dismissal of investigations due to insufficient evidence (“not sustained”) and a significant increase in disciplinary actions against police officers (“sustained” “outcomes”) with sufficient evidence to sanction their misconduct. We further find that disparities in complaints across racial groups for the “unsustained” category faded away with the implementation of BWCs. The article concludes with theoretical and research implications based on the findings.
Leukocyte recognition with convolutional neural network

Accurate segmentation of leukocytes is a primary and very difficult problem because of the non-uniform color, uneven illumination of blood smear image. An improved algorithm based on feature weight adaptive K-means clustering for extracting complex leukocytes is proposed. In this paper, the initial clustering center is chosen according to the histogram distribution of a cell image; this approach not only improves the clustering effect but also reduces the time complexity of the algorithm from O (n) to O (1). Prior to white blood cell extraction, the color space is decomposed. Then, color space decomposition and K-means clustering are combined for image segmentation. And then adherent complex white blood cells are separated again based on watershed algorithm. Finally, classification experiments based on convolutional neural network were performed and compared with other methods; 368 representative images were used to evaluate the performance of our method. The proposed segmentation method achieves 95.81% segmentation accuracy. The classification accuracy reached a maximum of 98.96%, and the average classification time is 0.39 s. Compared with those in the existing algorithms for WBC, convolutional neural network classification method not only presents obvious advantages but can also be easily improved.
Reconnection at the Heliopause: Predictions for Voyager 2

Predicted and observed properties of the inner and outer heliosheath were recently used to assess whether magnetic reconnection was occurring at the Voyager 1 crossing of the heliopause. It was concluded that reconnection may not have been occurring locally, but may have been occurring at a location remote from Voyager 1. Here observations of 37 to 70 keV electrons measured by the LECP instrument on Voyager 1 are interpreted as possible evidence for remote reconnection and the study is extended to the heliopause near the projected crossing location of Voyager 2, where the plasma depletion layer (PDL) should be significantly stronger. The predicted plasma properties are used to determine if local reconnection is possible at this projected heliopause crossing.
Compression strategies for the chemometric analysis of mass spectrometry imaging data

Application of chemometric methods to mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) data faces a bottleneck concerning the vast size of the experimental data sets. This drawback is critical when considering high‐resolution mass spectrometry data, which provide several thousand points for each considered pixel. In this work, different approaches have been tested to reduce the size of the analyzed data with the aim to allow the subsequent application of typical chemometric methods for image analysis. The standard approach for MSI data compression consists in binning mass spectra for each pixel to reduce the number of m/z values. In this work, a method is proposed to handle the huge size of MSI data based on the adaptation of a liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry data compression method by the detection of regions of interest. Results showed that both approaches achieved high compression rates, although the proposed regions of interest–based method attains this reduction requiring lower computational requirements and keeping utter spectral information. For instance, typical compression rate reached values higher than 90% without loss of information in images and spectra.
Generalized Poisson–Lindley linear model for count data

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to develop a new linear regression model for count data, namely generalized-Poisson Lindley (GPL) linear model. The GPL linear model is performed by applying generalized linear model to GPL distribution. The model parameters are estimated by the maximum likelihood estimation. We utilize the GPL linear model to fit two real data sets and compare it with the Poisson, negative binomial (NB) and Poisson-weighted exponential (P-WE) models for count data. It is found that the GPL linear model can fit over-dispersed count data, and it shows the highest log-likelihood, the smallest AIC and BIC values. As a consequence, the linear regression model from the GPL distribution is a valuable alternative model to the Poisson, NB, and P-WE models.
The Helicobacter pylori single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs associated with multiple therapy resistance in Colombia

The eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) using multiple therapies is used as a prevention strategy. However, its efficacy has been compromised by the emergence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes associated with H. pylori's resistance to multiple antibiotics. To estimate antibiotic resistance rates associated with mutations in H. pylori genes in the high-cancer-risk population in Colombia, we included 166 H. pylori whole genome sequences from a cohort of individuals with a high risk of gastric cancer. By using the reference strain ATCC 26695, we identified mutations in specific genes to evaluate resistance rates for different antibiotics: 23S rRNA for clarithromycin, 16S rRNA for tetracycline, pbp1A for amoxicillin, gyrA for levofloxacin, and rdxA for metronidazole. The phylogenomic analysis was conducted using the core genome consisting of 1,594 genes of H. pylori-ATCC 26695. Our findings revealed that the resistance rate of H. pylori to clarithromycin was 3.62%, primarily associated with mutations A2143G and A2142G in the 23S rRNA gene. For tetracycline, the resistance rate was 7.23%, with mutations A926G, A926T, and A928C observed in the 16S rRNA gene. Amoxicillin resistance was found in 25.9% of cases, with observed mutations in the pbp1A gene, including T556S, T593, R649K, R656P, and R656H. In the gyrA gene, mutations N87K, N87I, D91G, D91N, and D91Y were identified, resulting in a resistance rate of 12.04% to levofloxacin. The most common mutations in the rdxA gene associated with metronidazole resistance were a stop codon, and mutations at D59N and D59S, resulting in a resistance rate of 99.3%. The high resistance rate of H. pylori to metronidazole indicated that this drug should be excluded from the eradication therapy. However, the resistance rates for tetracycline and clarithromycin did not exceed the established resistance threshold in Colombia. The increased resistance rate of H. pylori to levofloxacin and amoxicillin may partially explain the observed therapeutic failures in Colombia. The phylogenomic tree showed that the H. pylori isolate belongs to its own lineage (hspColombia). These findings offer valuable insights to enhance the characterization of treatment protocols for the specific H. pylori lineage (hspColombia) at the local level.
Exploring strongly correlated Rydberg excitations in cold gases using Full Counting Statistics

This Thesis aims to investigate the role of correlations arising in cold Rydberg samples as a consequence of the strong interactions between its constituents. For this purpose, two different approaches, which allow the study of different correlations, are presented here. On the one hand, as a consequence of the interactions between the excitations, resonantly excited Rydberg ensembles exhibit a strong degree of anti-correlation, which becomes visible either through the blockade of the excitation, or through a slowing down of the dynamics. On the other hand, the Rydberg-Rydberg interactions in the off-resonant regime enhance the generation of new excitations, leading the system to exhibit strong correlations. Moreover, by analyzing the full counting statistics (FCS) of the excitation events we get more insight into this process. Thus, in the off-resonant case, the most notable features of these strong correlations are the bimodal shapes of histograms of the counting distributions. Furthermore, under strong dissipative conditions, the FCS analysis reveals signs of a transition between two dynamical phases. Although the afore-mentioned effects were observed in a system governed by an Ising-type Hamiltonian, correlations emerge in other systems as well. For instance, in systems described by Heisenberg XX-type Hamiltonians, the strong interactions lead the dipolar energy exchange between the excitations.
A Brief introduction to Memristor Device

In this paper, a brief introduction to memristor device will be presented. Since 1971, memristor device invented by Leo Chua which included in the fundamental electrical elements besides resistors, capacitors and inductors. Memristor consider as the missing elements that correlate between the flux and the charges of the electrons. Memristor was not realized as a physical component until recently. HP and Knowm are the available physical memristor device in the market with different structure. However, HP memristor is considered to be the most structure have been studied from the researchers. Now a days considered is the core element in AI accelerators which depends on memory processor structure. This paper will discuss the history of memristor and its structure based on HP and Knowm approach with mathematical models. Some fabrication techniques will be discussed and the applications.