Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributions of Order Patterns of Interval Maps

A permutation σ describing the relative orders of the first n iterates of a point x under a self-map f of the interval I=[0,1] is called an order pattern. For fixed f and n, measuring the points x ∈ I (according to Lebesgue measure) that generate the order pattern σ gives a probability distribution μn(f) on the set of length n permutations. We study the distributions that arise this way for various classes of functions f. Our main results treat the class of measure-preserving functions. We obtain an exact description of the set of realizable distributions in this case: for each n this set is a union of open faces of the polytope of flows on a certain digraph, and a simple combinatorial criterion determines which faces are included. We also show that for general f, apart from an obvious compatibility condition, there is no restriction on the sequence {μn(f)}n=1,2,. In addition, we give a necessary condition for f to have finite exclusion type, that is, for there to be finitely many order patterns that generate all order patterns not realized by f. Using entropy we show that if f is piecewise continuous, piecewise monotone, and either ergodic or with points of arbitrarily high period, then f cannot have finite exclusion type. This generalizes results of S. Elizalde.
Towards Safe and Secure Autonomous and Cooperative Vehicle Ecosystems

Semi-autonomous driver assists are already widely deployed and fully autonomous cars are progressively leaving the realm of laboratories. This evolution coexists with a progressive connectivity and cooperation, creating important safety and security challenges, the latter ranging from casual hackers to highly-skilled attackers, requiring a holistic analysis, under the perspective of fully-fledged ecosystems of autonomous and cooperative vehicles. This position paper attempts at contributing to a better understanding of the global threat plane and the specific threat vectors designers should be attentive to. We survey paradigms and mechanisms that may be used to overcome or at least mitigate the potential risks that may arise through the several threat vectors analyzed.
An Ontological Approach to Analyze the Data Required by a System Quality Scheme

According to IEEE, software quality is the degree to which software possesses a desired combination of attributes. Quality attributes have been of interest to the software community since 1970 and in the past few years this interest has increase. However, still is not clear how product quality should apply in the development process. The need to know what quality characteristics influence a specific entity and which is the information required to cover its measurement is the objective of this work. This paper presents an ontology to document a quality scheme with a specification based on ISO/IEC 25010. This contribution includes rules and queries that help to determine the data required to carry out the measurement process.
Mourning for a hacktivist: grieving the death of Aaron Swartz on a digital memorial

This study examines the discursive and semantic patterns underpinning the collective mourning activity on the digital memorial for Aaron Swartz (hacker/software developer/activist). More specifically, it questions if and how online mourning for hacktivists might result in a cultural reconfiguration of cyberspace through the grassroots and collective redefinition of the limits of users’ agency. To this end, all the comments present on Swartz’s digital memorial are collected, coded and, subsequently, analysed to detect their narrative and semantic structures. The results of this linguistic analysis are interpreted through a topological information model. Accordingly, the study discusses (1) the hero-making processes underlying online mourning for hacktivists and (2) the related redefinition of the Internet as the domain of a value-based community of users.
Current status and future perspectives in laparoendoscopic single‐site and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic urological surgery

Objective of this study is to provide an evidence‐based analysis of the current status and future perspectives of scarless urological surgery. A PubMed search has been performed for all relevant urological literature regarding natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) and laparoendoscopic single‐site surgery (LESS). In addition, experience with LESS and NOTES at our own institution has been considered. All clinical and investigative reports for LESS and NOTES procedures in the urological literature have been considered. A wide variety of clinical procedures in urology have been succesfully completed by using LESS techniques. Thus far, experience with NOTES has largely been investigational, although early clinical reports are emerging. Further development of instrumentation and platforms is necessary for both techniques to become more widely adopted throughout the urological community.
Oscillating D-strings from type IIB matrix theory

We present a class of BPS solutions of the type IIB matrix theory which preserves 1/4 supersymmetry. The solutions describe $D$-string configurations with left-moving oscillations. We demonstrate that the one-loop quantum effective action of matrix theory vanishes for this solution, confirming its BPS nature. We also study the world-volume gauge theory of oscillating strings and show its connection with static $D$-strings.
PTI Channel Assignment Algorithm for Multi-Radio Multi-Channel Wireless Mesh Networks

In order to increase the network capacity and improve the network performance of wireless mesh networks (WMNs), a possible solution is to make the nodes equipped with multiple radios which tuned on multiple non-overlapping channels. Efficient channel assignment is necessary for throughput optimization of mesh nodes. This paper proposed a novel channel assignment algorithm which is very suitable for multi-radio multi-channel WMNs. The proposed solution, called link Priority-aware, Traffic loads-aware, and Interference-aware (PTI) channel assignment algorithm, alleviates the "hot spot" problem, link load unfairness problem and link interference problem in WNMs. Simulation results shows that our proposed PTI channel assignment algorithm can increases throughput significantly.
The role of central 5‐HT3 receptors in vagal reflex inputs to neurones in the nucleus tractus solitarius of anaesthetized rats

Brainstem 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT, serotonin)‐containing neurones modulate cardiovascular reflex responses but the differing roles of the many 5‐HT receptors have not been thoroughly investigated. The present experiments on anaesthetized rats investigated the role of 5‐HT3 receptors in modulating vagal afferent evoked activity of nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) neurones. Recordings were made from 301 NTS neurones receiving an input at long (> 20 ms) minimum onset latency from stimulation of the vagus nerve. These included 140 neurones excited by activating non‐myelinated cardiopulmonary afferents by right atrial injection of phenylbiguanide (PBG). Ionophoretic application of PBG, a highly selective 5‐HT3 receptor agonist, significantly increased activity (from 2.4 ± 0.4 to 5.5 ± 0.8 spikes s−1) in 96 of 106 neurones tested and in all 17 neurones tested the increase in activity (3.4 ± 1.1 to 7.0 ± 1.9 spikes s−1) was significantly attenuated (3.0 ± 0.9 to 3.8 ± 1.1 spikes s−1) by the selective 5‐HT3 receptor antagonist granisetron. Ionophoretic application of PBG potentiated responses to vagus nerve and cardiopulmonary afferent stimulation, and granisetron significantly attenuated this cardiopulmonary input (20.2 ± 5.7 to 10.6 ± 4.1 spikes burst−1) in 9 of 10 neurones tested. Ionophoretic application of AMPA and NMDA also excited NTS neurones and these excitations could be selectively antagonized by the non‐NMDA and NMDA receptor antagonists DNQX and AP‐5, respectively. At these selective currents, DNQX and AP‐5 also attenuated PBG‐ and cardiopulmonary input‐evoked increases in NTS activity. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that vagal inputs, including non‐myelinated cardiopulmonary inputs to the NTS, utilize a 5‐HT‐containing pathway which activates 5‐HT3 receptors. This excitatory response to 5‐HT3 receptor activation may be partly a direct postsynaptic action but part may also be due to facilitation of the release of glutamate which in turn acts on either non‐NMDA or NMDA receptors to evoke excitation.
The Acute Effects of The Voluntary Pre-Activity Hyperventilation on Jump and Sprint Performance in Female Volleyball Players

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the acute effects of pre-activity brief maximal voluntary hyperventilation (HP) on the jumping and sprint performances. Methods: Fourteen young female volleyball players (16.7 ± 1.2 years; 61.1 ± 10.3 kg; 173 ± 8 cm) voluntarily participated in this study. All subjects performed 30s HP protocol followed by 30s passive rest. After the rest period, participants applied jump or sprint performance. All participants practiced HP and normal ventilation (NV) conditions in each test sections and conditions on separate days. Paired sample T-test was used to determine whether there was a significant mean difference between performance values with HP condition compared to NV. Results: The results of the analyses showed that there were significant differences in 10-m sprint times between HP and NV (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were determined in countermovement jump, squat jump heights and 20-m sprint time between conditions. Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggested that the pre-activity HP protocol can be effective for 10-m sprint time in moderately trained young female volleyball players. These results indicated that pre-activity HP may be useful to enhance acute athletic performance or training effectiveness.
Experimentation of Geometric Information Routing on Content Locators

Information-centric networking has been proposed to achieve efficient and reliable distribution of content. We propose a model to assign content locators to content names. Information routing decision is made based on geometric routing using the assigned locators. We consider a geometric routing scheme known as geodesic geometric routing. We demonstrate on the iLab.t virtual wall the successful operation of the proposed scheme and the gain of using content locators on capacity utilization by means of caching.
ISOMORPHISMS IN ℓ¹-HOMOLOGY

Taking the ℓ 1-completion and the topological dual of the singular chain complex gives rise to ℓ 1-homology and bounded cohomology respectively. In contrast to ℓ 1-homology, major structural properties of bounded cohomology are well understood by the work of Gromov and Ivanov. Based on an observation by Matsumoto and Morita, we derive a mechanism linking isomorphisms on the level of homology of Banach chain complexes to iso-morphisms on the level of cohomology of the dual Banach cochain complexes and vice versa. Therefore, certain results on bounded cohomology can be transferred to ℓ 1-homology. For example, we obtain a new proof of the fact that ℓ 1-homology depends only on the fundamental group and that ℓ 1-homology with twisted coefficients admits a description in terms of projective resolutions. The latter one in particular fills a gap in Park's approach. In the second part, we demonstrate how ℓ 1-homology can be used to get a better understanding of simplicial volume of non-compact manifolds.
Dissolving a Partnership Efficiently

Several partners jointly own an asset that may be traded among them. Each partner has a valuation for the asset; the valuations are known privately and drawn independently from a common probability distribution. We characterize the set of all incentive-compatible and interim- individually- rational trading mechanisms, and give a simple necessary and sufficient condition for such mechanisms to dissolve the partnership ex post efficiently. A bidding game is constructed that achieves such dissolution whenever it is possible. Despite incomplete information about the valuation of the asset, a partnership can be dissolved ex post efficiently provided no single partner owns too large a share; this contrasts with Myerson and Satterthwaite's result that ex post efficiency cannot be achieved when the asset is owned by a single party.
Oligomerization of Clostridium perfringens Epsilon Toxin Is Dependent upon Caveolins 1 and 2

Evidence from multiple studies suggests that Clostridium perfringens ε-toxin is a pore-forming toxin, assembling into oligomeric complexes in the plasma membrane of sensitive cells. In a previous study, we used gene-trap mutagenesis to identify mammalian factors contributing to toxin activity, including caveolin-2 (CAV2). In this study, we demonstrate the importance of caveolin-2 and its interaction partner, caveolin-1 (CAV1), in ε-toxin-induced cytotoxicity. Using CAV2-specific shRNA in a toxin-sensitive human kidney cell line, ACHN, we confirmed that cells deficient in CAV2 exhibit increased resistance to ε-toxin. Similarly, using CAV1-specific shRNA, we demonstrate that cells deficient in CAV1 also exhibit increased resistance to the toxin. Immunoprecipitation of CAV1 and CAV2 from ε-toxin-treated ACHN cells demonstrated interaction of both CAV1 and -2 with the toxin. Furthermore, blue-native PAGE indicated that the toxin and caveolins were components of a 670 kDa protein complex. Although ε-toxin binding was only slightly perturbed in caveolin-deficient cells, oligomerization of the toxin was dramatically reduced in both CAV1- and CAV2-deficient cells. These results indicate that CAV1 and -2 potentiate ε-toxin induced cytotoxicity by promoting toxin oligomerization – an event which is requisite for pore formation and, by extension, cell death.
A Unified Database of Dependency Treebanks: Integrating, Quantifying & Evaluating Dependency Data

This paper describes a database of 11 dependency treebanks which were unified by means of a two-dimensional graph format. The format was evaluated with respect to storage-complexity on the one hand, and efficiency of data access on the other hand. An example of how the treebanks can be integrated within a unique interface is given by means of the DTDB interface.
A hybrid spectrum sensing technique with multiple antenna based on GLRT

Spectrum sensing is the core for any cognitive radio network. Quick detection of the primary user signal allows for higher spectrum efficiency. In this paper, we introduce and implement a new hybrid spectrum sensing technique that is based on combining GLRT with energy detection and utilizing multiple antennas. Our system introduces a compromise between speed and complexity. When the SNR goes below the SNR wall for the low complexity energy detection, our system switches to the more expensive GLRT algorithm. A practical prototype of our system is implemented on the WARP FPGA-based nodes to study its efficiency and complexity. In addition to practical experimental results, we derive theoretical closed form expressions for the probability of false alarm and the probability of detection for our new approach when using multiple antennas at the secondary users. We also compare the multiple antenna approach to the collaborative detection approach.
Homogeneity analysis for object-action relation reasoning in kitchen scenarios

Modeling and learning object-action relations has been an active topic of robotic study since it can enable an agent to discover manipulation knowledge from empirical data, based on which, for instance, the effects of different actions on an unseen object can be inferred in a data-driven way. This paper introduces a novel object-action relational model, in which objects are represented in a multi-layer, action-oriented space, and actions are represented in an object-oriented space. Model learning is based on homogeneity analysis, with extra dependency learning and decomposition of unique object scores into different action layers. The model is evaluated on a dataset of objects and actions in a kitchen scenario, and the experimental results illustrate that the proposed model yields semantically reasonable interpretation of object-action relations. The learned object-action relation model is also tested in various practical tasks (e.g. action effect prediction, object selection), and it displays high accuracy and robustness to noise and missing data.
Mesenchymal stromal cell density is increased in higher grade myelodysplastic syndromes and independently predicts survival.

OBJECTIVES We retrospectively tested the prognostic and diagnostic significance of CD271+ mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) density in cytopenic patients who underwent bone marrow biopsy to evaluate for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). METHODS CD271+ MSC density was quantitated by automated image analysis of tissue microarray cores in 125 cytopenic patients: 40 lower grade MDS (<5% marrow blasts), 24 higher grade MDS, and 61 benign. RESULTS CD271+ MSC density was increased in higher grade MDS compared with benign (P = .006) and lower grade MDS (P = .02). CD271+ MSC density was predictive of survival among patients with MDS independent of Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R), history of transfusion, therapy-related MDS, and fibrosis (hazard ratio, 3.4; P < .001). Among low or intermediate IPSS-R patients, median survival was significantly shorter in the high CD271+ MSC density group (47 vs 18 months, P < .02). CONCLUSIONS High CD271+ MSC density is characteristic of higher grade MDS and is associated with poor risk independent of known prognostic factors.
Fatigue life prediction of rear axle using time series model

The rear axle is one of the key parts of the automobile, lots failure of rear axle resulted from fatigue failure of the spiral bevel gears. A new method is proposed to solve the problem of accurately predicting the fatigue life of spiral bevel gears in rear axle. The method uses the recurrence tracing and difference method to improve the autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model prediction accuracy, which uses variables determined from on-line measurements to characterize the state of the deterioration rear axle. The experimental results show the proposed method has relatively high prediction accuracy.
Reliability and performance analysis of new fault tolerant irregular network

A lot of work and analysis has been done on regular fault-tolerant MINs but irregular MINS have the inherent concept of favorite memory module offering lower latency. The multipath nature of these networks provides a non-blocking operation. This work introduces a new network, named as MFT-2 network, which contributes fault-tolerance by providing dynamic full-access capability in the presence of faults. MFT-2 network is improvement on irregular Four Tree network (FT). In case of any fault the system is reconfigured which operates in a degraded mode owing to the increased latency. But this approach minimizes the overheads of providing fault-tolerance, both in terms of cost and performance, during normal operation of the system. Irregular nature of these networks has reduced latency, improved dynamic fault-tolerant routing, high reliability and performance. The probabilistic approach is used to analyze the MINs based on independent request assumptions.
Multimodal pattern-oriented software architecture for self-optimization and self-configuration in autonomic computing system using multi objective evolutionary algorithms

Current autonomic computing systems are ad hoc solutions that are designed and implemented from the scratch, and there are no universal standard (or well established) software methodologies to develop. There are also significant limitations to the way in which these systems are validated. When designing software, in most cases two or more patterns are to be composed to solve a bigger problem. A composite design patterns shows a synergy that makes the composition more than just the sum of its parts which leads to ready-made software architectures. As far as we know, there are no studies on composition of design patterns and pattern languages for autonomic computing domain.In this paper we propose multimodal pattern-oriented software architecture for self-optimization and self-configuration in autonomic computing system using design patterns composition, multi objective evolutionary algorithms, and service oriented architecture (SOA) that software designers and/or programmers can exploit to drive their work. We evaluate the effectiveness of our architecture with and without design patterns compositions. The use of composite design patterns in the architecture and quantitative measurements are presented. A simple UML class diagram is used to describe the architecture.
Identification of Target Domains of the Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor to Correct Channel Disorder in Failing Hearts

Background— We previously demonstrated that defective interdomain interaction between N-terminal (0 to 600) and central regions (2000 to 2500) of ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) induces Ca2+ leak in failing hearts and that K201 (JTV519) inhibits the Ca2+ leak by correcting the defective interdomain interaction. In the present report, we identified the K201-binding domain and characterized the role of this novel domain in the regulation of the RyR2 channel. Methods and Results— An assay using a quartz-crystal microbalance technique (a very sensitive mass-measuring technique) revealed that K201 specifically bound to recombinant RyR2 fragments 1741 to 2270 and 1981 to 2520 but not to other RyR2 fragments from the 1 to 2750 region (1 to 610, 494 to 1000, 741 to 1260, 985 to 1503, 1245 to 1768, 2234 to 2750). By further analysis of the fragment1741–2270, K201 was found to specifically bind to its subfragment2114–2149. With the use of the peptide matching this subfragment (DP2114–2149) as a carrier, the RyR2 was fluorescently labeled with methylcoumarin acetate (MCA) in a site-directed manner. After tryptic digestion, the major MCA-labeled fragment of RyR2 (155 kDa) was detected by an antibody raised against the central region (Ab2132). Moreover, of several recombinant RyR2 fragments, only fragment2234–2750 was specifically MCA labeled; this suggests that the K201-binding domain2114–2149 binds with domain2234–2750. Addition of DP2114–2149 to the MCA-labeled sarcoplasmic reticulum interfered with the interaction between domain2114–2149 and domain2234–2750, causing domain unzipping, as evidenced by an increased accessibility of the bound MCA to a large-size fluorescence quencher. In failing cardiomyocytes, the frequency of spontaneous Ca2+ spark was markedly increased compared with normal cardiomyocytes, whereas incorporation of DP2114–2149 markedly decreased the frequency of spontaneous Ca2+ spark. Conclusions— We first identified the K201-binding site as domain2114–2149 of RyR2. Interruption of the interdomain interaction between the domain2114–2149 and central domain2234–2750 seems to mediate stabilization of RyR2 in failing hearts, which may lead to a novel therapeutic strategy against heart failure and perhaps lethal arrhythmia.