Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of regional citrate anticoagulation during 8-hour sustained low-efficiency dialysis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Patients who may benefit from sustained low-efficiency dialysis therapy are often at risk for bleeding. A safe and simple "regional" anticoagulation strategy would be beneficial. The modification of existing regional citrate anticoagulation protocols to typically performed 8-h sustained low-efficiency dialysis is necessary. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Sustained low-efficiency dialysis was performed at blood and dialysate rates of 250 and 300 ml/min, respectively. The circuit was anticoagulated with 4% sodium citrate (citrate 136, sodium 408 mmol/L) and reversed with CaCl(2). Every 2 h, electrolytes, ionized circuit, and patient calcium were monitored during the first two versions. The second version differed by an increased infusion of CaCl(2) and lower infusion of citrate, both by 10%. The third version measured only laboratory values before and after sustained low-efficiency dialysis. RESULTS There were 41 treatments in the first iteration, 42 in the second, and 34 in the final iteration. All versions were titrated to maintain patient ionized calcium of 4.0 to 4.8 mg/dl (1.0 to 1.2 mmol/L) and the circuit ionized calcium between 0.8 and 1.6 mg/dl (0.2 and 0.4 mmol/L). The final protocol infusion was 31 mmol/h citrate and 41 mmol/h elemental calcium, which kept circuit and patient ionized calcium at targets. No unexpected metabolic complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS Compared with continuous renal replacement therapy, one must increase the calcium infusion because of the more efficient removal of the calcium citrate complex. Safe and effective regional citrate anticoagulation can be performed in 8-h sustained low-efficiency dialysis without metabolic complications with laboratory surveillance only before and after sustained low-efficiency dialysis treatment; however, certain safeguards are mandatory.
A Coalition based Incentive Mechanism for P2P Content Distribution Systems

P2P systems suffer from free-loaders, peers that consume many more resources or contents (bandwidth) than they contribute. One of the reasons for this is that the mechanisms used for downloading and sharing in the P2P systems, do no take selfish behavior of the peers into account at the design stage. Therefore, it is important to find mechanisms that provide incentives and encourage cooperative behavior among the peers. One possible solution could be to use an economic framework that provides them with incentives. We propose the application of a coalition formation scheme based on game theory to P2P file sharing systems. The main idea for the coalition formation scheme is based on the fact that peers that contribute more get a better quality of service. A peer that participates in a coalition lends ”bandwidth” to other peers of the coalition, in exchange for utility and consequently far greater download bandwidth. Simulation results have shown the effectiveness of the mechanism in stopping the free-riding peers and encouraging cooperation, increasing the performance of a P2P network and obtaining an improvement in time download performance.
A Chord-based super-node selection algorithm for load balancing in hybrid P2P networks

The Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network has grown significantly over the last few years. To improve the performance of P2P network, hybrid P2P network arranges a Super-Node (SN) and some Ordinary-Nodes (ONs) into a group, where SN acts as a central server to the ONs. Thus, an SN bears load generated by all ONs in its group. Therefore, it is important to balance load among SNs to provide quality service. While there are many schemes for SN selection, this paper proposes a scheme on balancing the load among SNs, supposing that a new ON should select the lightest loaded SN currently in the network. Then, how can a new ON efficiently search out such SN? In this paper, we address this problem by extending Chord algorithm, which is well-known in P2P network for its simplicity and efficiency, and propose a scheme to reduce the maintenance cost when SN's priority changing. Finally, we performed experiments to verify the selection efficiency and the maintenance cost.
The effect of correlated faults on software reliability

The reliability models often assume random testing and statistical independence of faults to keep the analysis tractable. In practice, these assumptions do not hold. This paper presents a reliability modeling approach that considers nonrandom testing. This approach is used to calculate the fault exposure ratio, which characterizes the testing process. The analysis of the experimental data suggests that the fault exposure ratio varies differently in the early and the later stages of testing. The analysis here presents an explanation of this behavior.
Cardiac function during resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock with polymerized bovine hemoglobin-based oxygen therapeutic

Abstract Hemorrhage impairs myocardial contractile function and decreases oxygen delivery. This study investigates how polymerized bovine hemoglobin (PolyHb) solutions affect cardiac function after resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock (HS). Hamsters were hemorrhaged and resuscitated with PolyHb at 8.5 g/dL and 11.5 g/dL. Left ventricle (LV) function was assessed during shock and resuscitation using a miniaturize conductance catheter. PolyHb resuscitation had no beneficial effects in cardiac function; it increased cardiac afterload and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) of 46 and 116% for 8.5 and 11.5 g/dL, respectively. Study findings indicate that preclinical evaluation of cardiac function is essential to develop safe and efficacious alternatives to blood transfusion.
ViRdB: integrating virtual reality and multimedia databases for customized visualization of cultural heritage

Introdution In recent years there has been a growing interest in the use of innovative computer graphic technologies to provide far better representations and user-friendly visualization of cultural heritage and in general multimedia information. However, whereas a lot of effort has been devoted to create realistic reconstructions of relevant historical places or ad-hoc 3D tours of important museum exhibitions, not enough work has been carried out to enable dynamic interaction and customization for £nal-users. In this abstract we describe ViRdB – a scalable system with the goal of providing a ¤exible and personalized environment for accessing multimedia contents. In particular, by using an innovative approach for querying a database within a VR environment, the user can retrieve and visualize all and only the information he/she is interested to explore (based on his/her interests, domain experiences, etc), and thus he/she has the freedom of fully customizing the visit.
Clinical applications of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system to gynecologic diseases

The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS), originally designed for contraception, has since been applied to various gynecologic diseases. This article summarizes the current status of clinical applications of LNG-IUS to the treatment of gynecologic diseases such as heavy menstrual bleeding, endometriosis, leiomyoma, adenomyosis, endometrial hyperplasia, and early-stage endometrial cancer.
Psychosocial rehabilitation in a chronic care hospital in South Africa: views of clinical staff.

OBJECTIVE The study was based at a South African hospital providing inpatient care for people with chronic mental disorders, and aimed at investigating the multidisciplinary team (MDT) members' views, understanding and attitudes towards psychosocial rehabilitation (PSR). METHOD A survey method was used, with the MDT members completing a questionnaire that tapped, inter alia, their understanding of PSR, perceived aims and goals of PSR, adequacy of their professional training to implement PSR, availability of resources to implement PSR, and their views of chronic mentally ill patients, including their functional skills, needs and prognosis. RESULTS Of 114 respondents, 19.3% felt they had sufficient knowledge of PSR practice, 53.5% reported that their professional training included teaching on PSR, 90.4% wanted to undertake further training in PSR, 64.9% believed that the hospital environment lends itself to PSR, and 23.7% felt the hospital had sufficient resources to perform PSR. Most (93%) believed that patients with chronic mental disorders can improve their functioning, and 65.8% thought that such patients could make decisions for themselves. CONCLUSION It is not surprising that most of the clinical staff in this investigation do not feel sufficiently equipped to perform PSR interventions, considering that past mental health policies and training failed to emphasize this component of mental health care. The need for training programmes to address this deficit is evident.
A Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism of TaGS5 Gene Revealed its Association with Kernel Weight in Chinese Bread Wheat

TaGS5 genes were cloned from bread wheat and were physically mapped on 3AS and 3DS. Sequencing results revealed that a SNP was found in the sixth exon of TaGS5-A1 gene. The SNP resulted in amino acid change from alanine to serine at the 303 bp position of TaGS5-A1. These two alleles were designated as TaGS5-A1a (alanine at the 303 bp position) and TaGS5-A1b genes (serine at the 303-bp position). Analysis of association of TaGS5-A1 alleles with agronomic traits indicated that cultivars with TaGS5-A1b possessed wider kernel width and higher thousand-kernel weight, as well as significantly lower plant height, spike length, and internode length below spike than those of cultivars with TaGS5-A1a over 3 years. These trait differences between TaGS5-A1a and TaGS5-A1b genotypes were larger in landraces than in modern cultivars. This finding suggested that TaGS5 gene played an important role in modulating yield-related traits in the landraces, which possibly resulted from numerous superior genes gathering in modern cultivars after strong artificial selection. The preferred TaGS5-A1b haplotype underwent very strong positive selection in Chinese modern wheat breeding, but not in Chinese landraces. Expression analysis of the TaGS5-A1 gene indicated that TaGS5-A1b allele possessed significantly higher expression level than TaGS5-A1b allele in differently developmental seeds. This study could provide relatively superior genotype in view of agronomic traits in wheat breeding programs. Likewise, this study could offer important information for the dissection of molecular and genetic basis of yield-related traits.
Multitarget Passive Coherent Location with Transmitter-Origin and Target-Altitude Uncertainties

Passive coherent location (PCL) systems, which use existing commercial signals (e.g., FM broadcast, digital TV) as the illuminators of opportunity, is an emerging technology in air defence systems. PCL systems have many advantages such as low cost, covert operation, and low vulnerability to electronic countermeasures, over conventional radar systems. However, the limitations of PCL include lack of control over illuminators, limited observability, and poor detection due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This leads to high clutter with low probability of detection of target. Also, it is possible to transmit through multiple transmitters the same signal/frequency inside the coverage region of the receiver. Even though using multiple transmitters will facilitate better estimates of the target states due to spatial diversity, one cannot use these measurements without resolving transmitter- and measurement-origin uncertainties. Another limitation is that the elevation measurement, which is required to estimate the target altitude, is not available in most currently available PCL system receivers. In this paper, multiple target tracking algorithms for PCL systems are derived to handle low probability of detection and high nonlinearity in the measurement model due to high measurement error. Also, tracking algorithms are proposed to track multiple targets by resolving transmitter-origin uncertainty. Finally, algorithms are proposed for fusing multiple PCL system estimates by incorporating the altitude estimate uncertainty in order to improve the tracking accuracy and to increase the area coverage. The major contributions of this paper are the new algorithms for tracking using PCL systems with transmitter-origin and target-altitude uncertainties. The feasibility of using transmitters of opportunity for tracking airborne targets is shown on simulated and real data sets.
N-(2-Chloro-2,2-difluoroacetyl)-N′,N′′-diisopropylphosphoric triamide

In the title compound, C8H17ClF2N3O2P, the phosphoryl group and the NH unit of the C(O)NHP(O) moiety adopt a syn conformation with respect to each other. The P atom is in a tetrahedral coordination environment and the environment of the N atom of the C(O)NHP(O) moiety is essentially planar. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are linked via N—H⋯O =P and N—H⋯O =C hydrogen bonds, building R 2 2(8) and R 2 2(12) rings in a linear arrangement parallel to [110].
Ratios: A short guide to confidence limits and proper use

Researchers often calculate ratios of measured quantities. Specifying confidence limits for ratios is difficult and the appropriate methods are often unknown. Appropriate methods are described (Fieller, Taylor, special bootstrap methods). For the Fieller method a simple geometrical interpretation is given. Monte Carlo simulations show when these methods are appropriate and that the most frequently used methods (index method and zero-variance method) can lead to large liberal deviations from the desired confidence level. It is discussed when we can use standard regression or measurement error models and when we have to resort to specific models for heteroscedastic data. Finally, an old warning is repeated that we should be aware of the problems of spurious correlations if we use ratios.
Towards Group Communication for Mobile Participants [ Extended Abstract ]

Group communication will undoubtedly be a useful paradigm for many applications of wireless networking in which reliability and timeliness are requirements. Moreover, locationawareness is clearly central to mobile applications such as traÆc management and smart spaces. In this paper, we introduce our de nition of proximity groups in which group membership depends on location and then discuss some requirements for a group membership management service suitable for proximity groups. We describe a novel approach to eÆcient coverage estimation, giving applications feedback on the proportion of the area of interest covered by a proximity group, and also discuss our approach to partition anticipation.
SCENE: a scalable two-stage personalized news recommendation system

Recommending news articles has become a promising research direction as the Internet provides fast access to real-time information from multiple sources around the world. Traditional news recommendation systems strive to adapt their services to individual users by virtue of both user and news content information. However, the latent relationships among different news items, and the special properties of new articles, such as short shelf lives and value of immediacy, render the previous approaches inefficient. In this paper, we propose a scalable two-stage personalized news recommendation approach with a two-level representation, which considers the exclusive characteristics (e.g., news content, access patterns, named entities, popularity and recency) of news items when performing recommendation. Also, a principled framework for news selection based on the intrinsic property of user interest is presented, with a good balance between the novelty and diversity of the recommended result. Extensive empirical experiments on a collection of news articles obtained from various news websites demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of our approach.
Mode Mixity and Crack Tip Yield Zones in TSD Sandwich Specimens with PVC Foam Core

In an effort to examine the relation between core fracture toughness and face/core debond toughness, fracture mechanics analysis was conducted on core and debond fracture specimens. H30, H80, H100, H200 and R400 PVC foam cores were examined. Stress intensity factors and size of the plastic zone around the crack tip in foam core Single-Edge Notch Bend (SENB), and Tilted Sandwich Debond (TSD) specimens with foam core were estimated from the elastic displacement and stress fields near the crack tip. Analysis of the influence of core thickness and crack depth on the plastic zone size was performed on TSD specimens with H100 and R400 cores. It was found that the crack loading in the TSD specimen is essentially mode I, and that shear loading is not a factor explaining the higher debond than core toughness. At onset of fracture, the plastic zone height in the TSD specimen is much larger than that in a corresponding foam SENB specimen. It is believed that the plastic zone enlargement is a major factor explaining the elevation of debond toughness over the core toughness.
30 Days in the Life: Daily Nutrient Balancing in a Wild Chacma Baboon

For most animals, the ability to regulate intake of specific nutrients is vital to fitness. Recent studies have demonstrated nutrient regulation in nonhuman primates over periods of one observation day, though studies of humans indicate that such regulation extends to longer time frames. Little is known about longer-term regulation in nonhuman primates, however, due to the challenges of multiple-day focal follows. Here we present the first detailed study of nutrient intake across multiple days in a wild nonhuman primate. We conducted 30 consecutive all day follows on one female chacma baboon (Papio hamadryas ursinus) in the Cape Peninsula of South Africa. We documented dietary composition, compared the nutritional contribution of natural and human-derived foods to the diet, and quantified nutrient intake using the geometric framework of nutrition. Our focus on a single subject over consecutive days allowed us to examine daily dietary regulation within an individual over time. While the amounts varied daily, our subject maintained a strikingly consistent balance of protein to non-protein (fat and carbohydrate) energy across the month. Human-derived foods, while contributing a minority of the diet, were higher in fat and lower in fiber than naturally-derived foods. Our results demonstrate nutrient regulation on a daily basis in our subject, and demonstrate that she was able to maintain a diet with a constant proportional protein content despite wide variation in the composition of component foods. From a methodological perspective, the results of this study suggest that nutrient intake is best estimated over at least an entire day, with longer-term regulatory patterns (e.g., during development and reproduction) possibly requiring even longer sampling. From a management and conservation perspective, it is notable that nearly half the subject’s daily energy intake derived from exotic foods, including those currently being eradicated from the study area for replacement by indigenous vegetation.
Sox17 Regulates Insulin Secretion in the Normal and Pathologic Mouse β Cell

SOX17 is a key transcriptional regulator that can act by regulating other transcription factors including HNF1β and FOXA2, which are known to regulate postnatal β cell function. Given this, we investigated the role of SOX17 in the developing and postnatal pancreas and found a novel role for SOX17 in regulating insulin secretion. Deletion of the Sox17 gene in the pancreas (Sox17-paLOF) had no observable impact on pancreas development. However, Sox17-paLOF mice had higher islet proinsulin protein content, abnormal trafficking of proinsulin, and dilated secretory organelles suggesting that Sox17-paLOF adult mice are prediabetic. Consistant with this, Sox17-paLOF mice were more susceptible to aged-related and high fat diet-induced hyperglycemia and diabetes. Overexpression of Sox17 in mature β cells using Ins2-rtTA driver mice resulted in precocious secretion of proinsulin. Transcriptionally, SOX17 appears to broadly regulate secretory networks since a 24-hour pulse of SOX17 expression resulted in global transcriptional changes in factors that regulate hormone transport and secretion. Lastly, transient SOX17 overexpression was able to reverse the insulin secretory defects observed in MODY4 animals and restored euglycemia. Together, these data demonstrate a critical new role for SOX17 in regulating insulin trafficking and secretion and that modulation of Sox17-regulated pathways might be used therapeutically to improve cell function in the context of diabetes.
Biometrics Systems Under Spoofing Attack: An evaluation methodology and lessons learned

Biometrics already form a significant component of current and emerging identification technologies. Biometrics systems aim to determine or verify the identity of an individual from their behavioral and/or biological characteristics. Despite significant progress, some biometric systems fail to meet the multitude of stringent security and robustness requirements to support their deployment in some practical scenarios. Among current concerns are vulnerabilities to spoofing? persons who masquerade as others to gain illegitimate accesses to protected data, services, or facilities. While the study of spoofing, or rather antispoofing, has attracted growing interest in recent years, the problem is far from being solved and will require far greater attention in the coming years. This tutorial article presents an introduction to spoofing and antispoofing research. It describes the vulnerabilities, presents an evaluation methodology for the assessment of spoofing and countermeasures, and outlines research priorities for the future.
Infections in burns.

Infections remain a leading cause of death in burn patients. For patients with burn size greater than 40% TBSA, 75% of all deaths are due to infection. Traditionally, gram-positive bacteria infect wounds during the first 48 hours after burn, followed by gram-negative and yeast in the next 5 to 7 day
Crosstrainer: testing the use of multimodal interfaces in situ

We report the results of an exploratory 8-day field study of CrossTrainer: a mobile game with crossmodal audio and tactile feedback. Our research focuses on the longitudinal effects on performance with audio and tactile feedback, the impact of context such as location and situation on performance and personal modality preference. The results of this study indicate that crossmodal feedback can aid users in entering answers quickly and accurately using a variety of different widgets. Our study shows that there are times when audio is more appropriate than tactile and vice versa and for this reason devices should support both tactile and audio feedback to cover the widest range of environments, user preference, locations and tasks.
stringgaussnet: from differentially expressed genes to semantic and Gaussian networks generation

MOTIVATION Knowledge-based and co-expression networks are two kinds of gene networks that can be currently implemented by sophisticated but distinct tools. We developed stringgaussnet, an R package that integrates both approaches, starting from a list of differentially expressed genes. CONTACT henri-jean.garchon@inserm.fr. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Freely available on the web at http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/stringgaussnet.