Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An ABA-based Intervention Package for Treating the Inappropriate Use of a Communication Device Within Autistic Populations

The principles of applied behaviour analysis (ABA) are widely used with autistic populations in managing challenging behaviour. The following paper will review supporting literature for creating a treatment package for targeting the misuse of a communication device in brief detail by using key elements in ABA. It will examine various types of attention (or response) that may reinforce the problem behaviour, as well as intervention methods, such as functional communication training and noncontingent reinforcement. In addition, the necessity of extinction for effective intervention will be considered. A review of the literature may help inform the development of a successful treatment package that could be implemented within applied settings. Additional desirable outcomes include: reduction in aberrant behaviour, accessing attention appropriately, establishing the correct use of the communication device and increase in manding levels.
SAARA: a simulated annealing algorithm for test pattern generation for digital circuits

This paper deals with Automated Test Pattern Generation (ATPG) for large synchronous sequential circuits and describes a new approach based on Simulated Annea ling. Simulation-based ATPG tools have several advantages with respect to deterministic and symbolic ones, especially because they can deal with large circuits. A prototypical system named SAARA is used to assess the effectiveness of the Simulated Annealing approach in terms of test quality and CPU time requirements. Results are reported, showing that SAARA is able to deal with large sequential circuits. A comparison with a state-of-the-art ATPG tool based on a Genetic Algorithm shows that SAARA generally improves the attained results in terms of fault co verage.
A Social Information Processing Model of Media Use in Organizations

This article presents a model of how social influence processes affect individuals' attitudes toward communication media and media use behavior. The model integrates two areas of research. One body of work posits that media use patterns are the outcome of objectively rational choices. These choices involve evaluating communication options and selecting an appropriate medium to match the communication requirements of the task. The second perspective is social information processing theory (Salancik & Pfeffer, 1978). This approach proposes that attitudes and behaviors are partially determined by information embedded in the social context. The synthesis of these perspectives asserts that media characteristics and attitudes are in part socially constructed. Furthermore, attitudes are influenced by attributions based on observations of one's own past behavior. This model is shown to explain a wider range of existing empirical findings. Also, new propositions are derived to guide future research. This social construction model of media use has significant implications for the design, conduct, and reporting of future research in organizations.
Table of contents recognition for converting PDF documents in e-book formats

We describe one tool for Table of Content (ToC) identification and recognition from PDF books. This task is part of ongoing research on the development of tools for the semi-automatic conversion of PDF documents in the Epub format that can be read on several E-book devices. Among various sub-tasks, the ToC extraction and recognition is particularly useful for an easy navigation of book contents. The proposed tool first identifies the ToC pages. The bounding boxes of ToC titles in the book body are subsequently found in order to add suitable links in the Epub ToC. The proposed approach is tolerant to discrepancies between the ToC text and the corresponding titles. We evaluated the tool on several open access books edited by University Presses that are partner of the OAPEN EcontentPlus project
Distributed cooperative shared last-level caching in tiled multiprocessor system on chip

In a shared-memory based tiled many-core system-on-chip architecture, memory accesses present a huge performance bottleneck in terms of access latency as well as bandwidth requirements. The best practice approach to address this issue is to provide a multi-level cache hierarchy and a suitable cache-coherency mechanism. This paper presents a method to increase the memory access performance in distributed-directory-coherency-protocol based tiled many-core systems. The proposed method introduces an alternate design for the system-wide shared last-level caches (LLC) placed between the memory and the node private caches (NPC). The proposed system-wide shared LLC layer is distributed over the entire network and it interacts with the home directories of specific cache lines. Results from simulating SPEC2000 benchmark applications executed on a SystemC model of the proposed design show a minimum performance improvement of 20-25% when compared to a model without the shared cache layer at the expense of an additional 2% of the total cache memory space (NPC + LLC memory). In addition, the proposed design shows a minimum 7-15% and an average 14-15% improvement in performance in comparison to centralized system-wide shared LLC of equivalent size and dynamic mapped distributed LLC of equivalent size respectively.
Black rings with varying charge density

We find the general five-dimensional, supersymmetric black ring solutions in M-theory based upon a circular ring, but with arbitrary, fluctuating charge distributions around the ring. The solutions have three arbitrary charge distribution functions, but their asymptotic charges and angular momenta only depend upon the total charges on the ring. The arbitrary density fluctuations thus represent ``hair. '' By varying the charge distributions one can continuously change the entropy of these black rings; to our knowledge this is the first solution in which the entropy depends on classical moduli. We also show that there is a family of solutions, with two arbitrary functions, for which the horizon remains rotationally invariant, and yet the complete solution breaks rotational symmetry. If the horizon area is set to zero then one obtains families of supertube solutions. We find that our general solutions are governed by three harmonic functions that may be thought of as classical excitations of a string. The horizon area provides a natural Lorentz metric on these excitations, and the constancy of the rotational invariance of the horizon imposes a set of Virasoro constraints.
Characteristics of induced discharge on a polymer insulator surface under electro-wetting conditions

In this paper, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the precipitation characteristics and induced surface discharge on polymer insulator specimens under electro-wetting conditions simulated by artificial fog-wetting conditions at different operating voltages. Based on image processing methods, quantitative analysis was carried out on precipitation parameters to obtain the deposited amount, relative distribution area, statistics of droplet size distribution and distributed droplet box dimension in relation with the duration of precipitations and operating voltages. Also, the onset voltage of surface discharge and flashover voltage were measured for the purpose of establishing the influence of the obtained precipitation parameters on the surface discharge. It was found that the precipitation process is in a dynamic balance between fog deposition and droplet evaporation, and is significantly affected by the type and level of operating voltage. Operating voltage increase results in a relatively lower deposit amount and distributing area of water droplets. There are further reduced when the precipitating duration is increased at higher voltage level. The smallsize (<; 1 mm) droplets are dominating on the specimen surface for all the investigated conditions. The large-size (> 2 mm) droplets increase with increasing AC operating voltage, but do not appear significantly under high ±DC operating voltage. When precipitation duration is increased, box dimension of droplet distribution under nonand low- operating voltage shows tendency to increase, but tendency to decrease under high operating voltage. Finally, a relationship between the onset voltage of surface discharge, the flashover voltage and the droplet distribution parameters was established, showing that the increasing precipitation regularity of water droplets on the polymer insulator specimen surface can induce more likely occurrence of surface discharge, even flashover.
A Semantic Map for Evaluating Creativity

We present a semantic map of words related with creativity. The aim is to empirically derive terms which can be used to rate processes or products of computational creativity. The words in the map are based on association studies performed by human subjects and augmented with words derived from the literature (based on human raters). The words are used in a card sorting study to investigate the way they are categorized by human subjects. The results are arranged in a heat map of word relations based on a hierarchical cluster analysis. The cluster analysis and a principal component analysis provide a set of five to six clusters of items related to each other, and as clusters related to creativity. These clusters could form a basis for scales used to rate aspects of computational creativity.
Imaging the future of stroke: I. Ischemia

Envisioning the future of stroke appears daunting considering the milestones already achieved in stroke imaging. A historical perspective on the developments in stroke care provides a striking narrative of how imaging has transformed diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of cerebrovascular disorders. Multimodal imaging techniques such as CT and MRI, incorporating parenchymal depictions, illustration of the vasculature, and perfusion data, can provide a wealth of information regarding ischemic pathophysiology. Key elements of ischemic pathophysiology depicted with imaging include vascular occlusion, compensatory collateral flow, resultant hemodynamic conditions that reflect these sources of blood flow, and the neurovascular injury that ensues. The mantra of “time is brain” has been perpetuated, but this does not provide an entirely accurate reflection of ischemic pathophysiology and imaging insight shows far more than time alone. Maximizing the potential of perfusion imaging will continue to expand the nascent concept that cerebral ischemia may be completely reversible in certain scenarios. Novel modalities provide a fertile ground for discovery of therapeutic targets and the potential to assess effects of promising strategies. Beyond clinical trials, imaging has become a requisite component of the neurological examination enabling tailored stroke therapy with the use of detailed neuroimaging modalities. In this first article on ischemia, the focus is on the most recent imaging advances and exploring aspects of cerebral ischemia where imaging may yield additional therapeutic strategies. A subsequent article will review recent and anticipated imaging advances in hemorrhage. These thematic overviews underscore that imaging will undoubtedly continue to dramatically shape the future of stroke. Ann Neurol 2009;66:574–590
Effects of grain overfeeding and histamine injection on physiological responses related to acute bovine laminitis.

牛蹄葉炎の発病機序を明らかにする目的で圧扁麦の過食とヒスタミンの肢動脈内注射による蹄葉炎の発症試験を実施した. I: 実験圧扁大麦を飽食させた4頭の実験牛は, 12～24時間後から食欲廃絶, 強度の水様性下痢が発現し, 約24時間後から全例蹄に疼痛を示した. しかしこれらの変化は, 一過性であり72時間後には回復した. 実験II: 4頭の実験牛に一側前肢の肢動脈内へ燐酸ヒスタミン30μg/kg注入した. 投与後数分間頸動脈圧の下降およびHt値の上昇がみられたがただちに回復した. ヒスタミン注入前肢では, 肢動脈圧の急激な上昇および肢静脈血Ht値の著明な上昇と同時に疼痛を示し, 浮腫が発現した. しかしこれらは24時間後に全例消失した. 実験III: 4頭の実験牛に実験Iの方法で圧扁麦を飽食させ, 24時間後にヒスタミンを実験IIの方法で投与した. その結果実験IIに比較して蹄の疼痛および浮腫が強く29～101日間跛行が持続した. 疼痛は蹄に限局し, 対照蹄に比べ熱感, 肢静脈の怒張および肢動脈の拍動が増強して明らかに急性蹄葉炎の症状を呈した. 以上の成績から圧扁麦の過食が蹄に軽度の障害を与え, その結果ヒスタミンに対する感受性が増強したものと推察され, ルーメンアシドージスおよびヒスタミンは蹄葉炎の発病に関与する重要な因子であると考えられた.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND CONSUMERS PARTICIPATION IN THE DESIGN OF TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED SERVICES

The primary objective of this paper is to identify the challenges associated with the information systems being used in a telecommunication organization of an emerging economy, when there is a need to include consumers in the design of technologyenabled services. To achieve this purpose, 28 semi-structured interviews from the employees and 7 focus group discussions with the consumers are collected from a largest telecommunication provider of an emerging economy. The unit of the analysis is “service types” and the services of IPTV, mobile broadband services and value-added services on fixed-line services are investigated. The findings from this study use thematic qualitative analysis that allowed us to obtain rich insights into the workings of a telecommunication organization. The reported analysis is from the first round where a data-driven approach is applied. In future, the data will use three conceptual frameworks dominant in Service Science discipline (Alter 2011; Gronroos 2011; Vargo et al. 2010). The use of these models in the analysis and the data-driven analysis will result in bringing out their shared meanings in the form of an enhanced model for service design focused on consumer involvement.
BRIEF REPORT The dynamic aspects of emotional facial expressions

In this study, we presented computer‐morphing animations of the facial expressions of six emotions to 43 subjects and asked them to evaluate the naturalness of the rate of change of each expression. The results showed that the naturalness of the expressions depended on the velocity of change, and the patterns for the four velocities differed with the emotions. Principal component analysis of the data extracted the structures that underlie the evaluation of dynamic facial expressions, which differed from previously reported structures for static expressions in some aspects. These results suggest that the representations of facial expressions include not only static but also dynamic properties.
The Mark of a Criminal Record1

With over 2 million individuals currently incarcerated, and over half a million prisoners released each year, the large and growing number of men being processed through the criminal justice system raises important questions about the consequences of this massive institutional intervention. This article focuses on the consequences of incarceration for the employment outcomes of black and white job seekers. The present study adopts an experimental audit approach—in which matched pairs of individuals applied for real entry‐level jobs—to formally test the degree to which a criminal record affects subsequent employment opportunities. The findings of this study reveal an important, and much underrecognized, mechanism of stratification. A criminal record presents a major barrier to employment, with important implications for racial disparities.
The stem cells of small intestinal crypts: where are they?

Recently, there has been resurgence of interest in the question of small intestinal stem cells, their precise location and numbers in the crypts. In this article, we attempt to re‐assess the data, including historical information often omitted in recent studies on the subject. The conclusion we draw is that the evidence supports the concept that active murine small intestinal stem cells in steady state are few in number and are proliferative. There are two evolving, but divergent views on their location (which may be more related to scope of capability and reversibility than to location) several lineage labelling and stem cell self‐renewing studies (based on Lgr5 expression) suggest a location intercalated between the Paneth cells (crypt base columnar cells (CBCCs)), or classical cell kinetic, label‐retention and radiobiological evidence plus other recent studies, pointing to a location four cell positions luminally from the base of the crypt The latter is supported by recent lineage labelling of Bmi‐1‐expressing cells and by studies on expression of Wip‐1 phosphatase. The situation in the human small intestine remains unclear, but recent mtDNA mutation studies suggest that the stem cells in humans are also located above the Paneth cell zone. There could be a distinct and as yet undiscovered relationship between these observed traits, with stem cell properties both in cells of the crypt base and those at cell position 4.
The Society of Arts and Joseph Banks: a first step in London learned society

Joseph Banks (1743–1820) was President of the Royal Society from 1778 to 1820, the longest anyone has served in that capacity, and during his prolonged tenure Banks was elected to numerous other societies at home and abroad. In the present paper Banks's membership of the Society of Arts and Manufactures is discussed, this being the first society to which he was ever elected in 1761. Of particular interest are the previously unexplained reasons for his withdrawal from the society in 1764, and his eventual re-election in 1791, this being the only example of Banks leaving and then rejoining a society. These events are investigated here. The creation, purpose and early development of the Society of Arts are also considered, as is its membership at a time when subscriptions were falling in the 1760s. Links with the Royal Society are described before, during and after this period of decline, and Joseph Banks's own contribution to the work of the Society of Arts is outlined.
Electrophysiological evidence of atypical visual change detection in adults with autism

Although atypical change detection processes have been highlighted in the auditory modality in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little is known about these processes in the visual modality. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate visual change detection in adults with ASD, taking into account the salience of change, in order to determine whether this ability is affected in this disorder. Thirteen adults with ASD and 13 controls were presented with a passive visual three stimuli oddball paradigm. The findings revealed atypical visual change processing in ASD. Whereas controls displayed a vMMN in response to deviant and a novelty P3 in response to novel stimuli, patients with ASD displayed a novelty P3 in response to both deviant and novel stimuli. These results thus suggested atypical orientation of attention toward unattended minor changes in ASD that might contribute to the intolerance of change.
An improved fast encoding method for vector quantization based on memory-efficient data structure

Within the framework of vector quantization (VQ), the fast search method is a key issue because it is the time bottleneck in the VQ encoding process. To speed up VQ some very effective fast search methods that are based on using statistical features (i.e. the mean, the variance and L2 norm) of a k-dimensional vector have already been proposed. It is rather easy to obtain the mean of an input vector online. However. in order to obtain the variance of an input vector, it needs (2k-1) additions (plusmn), k multiplications (times) and once square root (sqrt) operation on-line. Similarly, to obtain the L2 norm of an input vector, it also needs (k-l) additions (plusmn), k multiplications (times) and once square root (sqrt) operation on-line. Clearly, these operations are a rather heavy overhead in the search process. In addition, all computations in a search process must use real rather than integer value. For each codeword, three extra memories are necessary to store its features. To solve the overhead problem of computing the variance and L2 norm of an input vector on-line and to make all computations in integer form possible, previous works proposed to use the sum and two partial sums only as features of a vector for reducing search space. But they need three extra memories as well for each codeword to store the features. In order to avoid this extra memory requirement this paper proposes a memory-efficient data structure for storing the sum, two partial sums and the original vector to further improve the previous works (Pan et al. (2002), (2003)). Meanwhile, a more efficient computation method for rejection tests is also developed. In addition, all computations can be realized in integer form. Experimental results confirmed that the proposed method outperforms the previous works
Testing for fault activity at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, using independent GPS results from the BARGEN network

Data from BARGEN GPS stations around Yucca Mountain (YM) have been independently processed using GIPSY‐OASIS and GAMIT/GLOBK. The RMS velocity differences between these solutions is 0.06 mm/yr (east component) and 0.10 mm/yr (north), indicating an ability to resolve tectonic signals >0.3 mm/yr with high confidence. Inversion of GPS station velocities for Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) fault parameters produces an unreasonably deep locking depth of ∼30 km for the Death Valley‐Furnace Creek fault system, contradicting seismological evidence. The GPS cluster locally west of YM observes a strain rate of 17.0 ± 1.8 ns/yr, marginally higher than our ECSZ model predicts (13.9 ± 0.7 ns/yr). Significantly, the cluster to the east observes 22.3 ± 2.1 ns/yr, which is 6. 2σ higher than the model (8.6 ± 0.7 ns/yr), suggesting that additional sources of strain more local to YM (<30 km) are currently active, collectively accumulating >0.7 mm/yr.
A dynamic reservation protocol for multi-priority multi-rate data services on GSM networks

This paper presents a new media access control protocol for multi-priority multi-rate data services on GSM networks. In this protocol, which we named dynamic reservation protocol, data terminals can get their uplink channels through contention-free reservation. Therefore this protocol can achieve very high channel utilization efficiency and can significantly improve the service performance under heavy traffic load. The reservation scheme can adapt to traffic variations, by dynamically changing the transmission cycle length. Simulation results show that this protocol offers significantly better delay/throughput performance when compared to other protocols proposed in the literature. Since this protocol is built on the top of the GSM physical layer, its implementation should be very straight forward.
Computer-Based Training Program to Facilitate Learning of the Relationship between Facial-Based and Situation-Based Emotions and Prosocial Behaviors

Individuals with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) have difficulty inferring other people’s feelings from their facial expressions and/or from situational cues, and therefore, they are less able to respond with prosocial behavior. We developed a computer-based training program to help teach the connection between facial-based or situation-based emotions and prosocial behavioral responses. An 8-year-old male school child with ASD participated in the study. In this program, he was trained to identify persons in need of help and appropriate prosocial responses using novel photobased scenarios. When he misidentified emotions from photographs of another’s face, the program highlighted those parts of the face which effectively communicate emotion. To increase the likelihood that he would learn a generalized repertoire of emotional understanding, multiple examples of emotional expressions and situations were provided. When he misidentified persons expressing a need for help, or failed to identify appropriate helping behaviors, role playing was used to help him appreciate the state of mind of a person in need of help. The results of the training indicated increases in prosocial behaviors during a laboratory task that required collaborative work. His homeroom teacher, using a behavioral rating scale, reported that he now understood another’s emotion or situation better than before training. These findings indicate the effects of the training are not limited to the artificial experiment situation, but also carried over to his school life.