Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dietary Cholesterol Plays a Role in CD36-Mediated Atherogenesis in LDLR-Knockout Mice

Objective—CD36 has been shown to play a role in atherosclerosis in the apolipoprotein E–knockout (apoEo) mouse. We observed no difference in aortic lesion area between Western diet (WD)–fed LDLRo and LDLRo/CD36o mice. The objective was to understand the mechanism of CD36-dependent atherogenesis. Methods and Results—ApoEo mice transplanted with bone marrow from LDLRo/CD36o mice had significantly less aortic lesion compared with those transplanted with LDLRo marrow. Reciprocal macrophage transfer into hyperlipidemic apoEo and LDLRo animals showed that foam cell formation induced by in vivo modified lipoproteins was dependent on the lipoprotein, not macrophage type. LDLRo and LDLRo/CD36o mice were fed a cholesterol-enriched diet (HC), and we observed significant lesion inhibition in LDLRo/CD36o mice. LDL/plasma isolated from HC-fed LDLRo mice induced significantly greater jnk phosphorylation, cytokine release, and reactive oxygen species secretion than LDL/plasma from WD-fed LDLRo mice, and this was CD36-dependent. HC-fed LDLRo mice had higher circulating levels of cytokines than WD-fed mice. Conclusions—These data support the hypothesis that CD36-dependent atherogenesis is contingent on a proinflammatory milieu that promotes the creation of specific CD36 ligands, not solely hypercholesterolemia, and may explain the greater degree/accelerated rate of atherosclerosis observed in syndromes associated with inflammatory risk.
Social Sochi: using social network analysis to investigate electronic word-of-mouth transmitted through social media communities.

The 2012 London Summer Games earned the nickname 'the Twitter Olympics' for the social media coverage of the mega-event (Whiteside, 2014), and the 2014 Sochi Winter Games witnessed a marked increase in this activity. This study examined social media communities formed during the 2014 Olympic Games. Employing the word-of-mouth (WOM) conceptual framework and social network analysis (SNA), the study examined three social media communities within Twitter - #WeAreWinter, #CheersToSochiand #SochiProblems - and messages posted from February 7-25, 2014, incorporating one of the three hash tags. The findings revealed communities first characterised by spikes in growth often coinciding with viral posts, and later by eventual network decay as the Olympic Games concluded. The most viral messages contained either celebratory information or satirical content. Additionally, key users emerged in each community, most frequently individuals rather than corporate entities and media outlets. Theoretical and practical implications will be discussed.
MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY UPDATE

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a prevalent condition throughout the civilian and military populations. Although TBI can be classified as mild, moderate, or severe, most TBIs are considered mild. Understanding the pathophysiologic mechanism(s) of mild TBI through basic science and clinical cohort studies is an area of active research. While it is well understood that most people recover from a mild TBI with minimal treatment, some patients experience long-term consequences that require rehabilitation and specialized care. Common characteristics of brain injury include loss of consciousness (LOC), posttraumatic amnesia (PTA), and postconcussion syndrome (PCS). The development of LOC, PTA, and PCS greatly depends on the nature of the injury, and the degrees to which they develop are not necessarily consistent with symptom presentation. In recent years, sports concussions have become an area of increased research and public interest in the civilian population; similarly, blast TBI has gained attention in the military. Depending on the nature of the injury, different outcomes may result in the two populations. Consequently, treatments for mild TBI are rather diverse, and early intervention is the key to maximizing outcomes following a TBI. These topics and more will be discussed throughout this article.
Changing Scripts at Work: Managers and Professionals

In this article, the authors explore how structural changes in the labor market for professional and managerial employees might be changing the nature of emotional labor required in these occupations. They first draw on ethnographic data in a firm noted for stable long-term employment to illustrate how efforts to create a corporate culture focus on shaping employees' emotional labor toward displays of loyalty and commitment to their employer. This is followed by a speculative analysis of how the current shift toward market-based forms of employment and an entrepreneurial work ethic is changing both the substance and the style of emotional labor.
alpha-Tocopherol transfer protein inhibition is effective in the prevention of cerebral malaria in mice.

BACKGROUND Nutritional status likely plays an important role in determining the outcome of protozoan infections. Despite the evidence of Plasmodium sensitivity to oxidative stress, the potential role of vitamin E, a free radical scavenger, on the outcome of cerebral malaria (CM) has yet to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of vitamin E on Plasmodium parasite development and murine CM outcome, alpha-tocopherol transfer protein (alpha-TTP), a regulator of vitamin E in the host circulation, was abrogated. DESIGN alpha-TTP knockout mice were infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA, and survival rate, parasitemia, brain histologic alterations, and brain barrier permeability were assessed. In addition, mRNA expression of the cytokines and adhesion molecules involved in this neurologic pathology were monitored. RESULTS alpha-TTP knockout mice infected with P. berghei ANKA did not exhibit any clinical or pathologic signs of CM, and a histologic analysis of the brain tissues in these animals showed no alteration of blood-brain barrier integrity compared with that in control mice. Interestingly, protection of the blood-brain barrier in these infected alpha-TTP knockout mice was lost when dietary supplementation with vitamin E was added to their diet. Moreover, interleukins and adhesion molecule transcripts in the brain of control mice were significantly up-regulated compared with those in the alpha-TTP knockout mice. CONCLUSION It appears that a deficiency of alpha-tocopherol in the circulation prevents CM and suggests that alpha-TTP is a putative target for the early prevention of CM.
Oncologists' reactions to cancer patients' verbal cues

The diagnosis and treatment of cancer cause considerable psychological distress and morbidity. Consequently, cancer patients have high needs for informational and emotional support and doctors vary in their ability to recognise and address these needs. This study investigated patients' attempts to gain informational and emotional support through the use of verbal cues. The sample consisted of 298 patients with heterogeneous cancers, seeing one of five medical and four radiation oncologists for the first time. Sociodemographic variables and patient anxiety and satisfaction ratings were obtained. Transcripts of the audiotaped consultations were analysed and question‐asking, use of indirect cues, cue type (informational or emotional), content categories in which questions and cues occurred and doctor response (responded to or not responded to), were recorded. Patients asked a median of 11 questions and gave two cues per consultation, usually during treatment discussions. Patients gave, and doctors responded to, more informational than emotional cues. Patients gave significantly more informational cues during longer consultations. Younger and female patients gave more cues for emotional support and asked questions. No demographic variables were associated with the doctors' response to emotional and informational cues; however, consultations in which more informational cues were responded to were shorter, even when controlling for the number of cues given. Satisfaction with the consultation and patient anxiety were unaffected by doctors' responses to cues. Overall, results showed that doctors effectively identify and respond to the majority of informational cues; however, they are less observant of and able to address cues for emotional support. Cues can be addressed without lengthening the consultation or increasing patient anxiety. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Is the Invocation of Inherent Jurisdiction the Same as the Exercise of Inherent Powers?: Re Nalpon Zero Geraldo Mario

In Re McC (A Minor), Lord Bridge of Harwich remarked that few words have been ‘used with so many different shades of meaning in different contexts’ and ‘have so freely acquired new meanings’ as the word ‘jurisdiction’. The definitional conundrum deepens when ‘jurisdiction’ is combined with the adjective ‘inherent,’ yet common law courts around the world routinely claim to invoke inherent jurisdiction for a wide array of purposes in civil and criminal matters, ranging from the reception of evidence to the ensuring of a fair trial, and this necessarily raises questions about the limits of such an exercise.
Two Studies of Connectedness to Parents and Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior in Children and Adolescents

We tested hypotheses that greater connectedness to parent(s) is associated with lower risk for nonlethal suicidal thoughts and behavior (STB), termed direct protective effects, and that parent connectedness serves to moderate (lower) the risk for STB associated with psychopathology including major depressive episode (MDE), termed moderating protective effects. Independent samples of children and adolescents recruited for a multicenter study of familial alcoholism were studied. Generalized estimating equation models were used that adjusted for age, sex, and youth psychopathology variables. The sample for Study 1 was assessed at baseline and about 2- and 4-year follow-ups, with baseline characteristics of n = 921, M age = 14.3 ± 1.8 years, and 51.8% female. The sample for Study 2 was assessed at baseline and about 5-year follow-up, with baseline characteristics of n = 867, M age = 12.0 ± 3.2 years, and 51.0% female. In both studies, increased perceived connectedness to father but not mother was associated with lower risk for measures of STB, consistent with direct protective effects. In Study 1, measures of parent connectedness were associated with lower risk for STB but only for youth that did not experience MDE (or alcohol use disorder), inconsistent with moderating protective effects. Study 2 showed that connectedness to fathers was associated with lower risk for suicide plans or attempts (severe STB) but not frequent thoughts of death or dying (nonsevere STB). Improved connectedness to fathers may lower risk for STB in children and adolescents, consistent with direct protective effects. Hypotheses about moderating protective effects were not supported.
The Polls—Trends Twenty Years of Public Opinion about Global Warming

Over the past 20 years, there have been dozens of news organization, academic, and nonpartisan public opinion surveys on global warming, yet there exists no authoritative summary of their collective findings. In this article, we provide a systematic review of trends in public opinion about global warming. We sifted through hundreds of polling questions culled from more than 70 surveys administered over the past 20 years. In compiling the available trends, we summarize public opinion across several key dimensions including (a) public awareness of the issue of global warming; (b) public understanding of the causes of global warming and the specifics of the policy debate; (c) public perceptions of the certainty of the science and the level of agreement among experts; (d) public concern about the impacts of global warming; (e) public support for policy action in light of potential economic costs; and (f) public support for the Kyoto climate treaty.
Epidemiology and aetiology of basal cell carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a malignant epithelial neoplasm of the skin preferentially affecting male caucasians and is rarely observed in patients with more intense skin pigmentation. A characteristic feature of BCCs are their extremely low risk to metastasize. Epidemiological data indicate that the overall incidence is increasing worldwide significantly by about 3–10% per annum. 1–3 Based on the increasing incidence of this usually not life‐threatening tumour BCC appears to develop into a growing public health problem. This review elucidates the risk factors for the development and for the progression of BCC leading to an improved understanding of this tumour.
Three-dimensional brain growth abnormalities in childhood-onset schizophrenia visualized by using tensor-based morphometry

Earlier studies revealed progressive cortical gray matter (GM) loss in childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS) across both lateral and medial surfaces of the developing brain. Here, we use tensor-based morphometry to visualize white matter (WM) growth abnormalities in COS throughout the brain. Using high-dimensional elastic image registration, we compared 3D maps of local WM growth rates in COS patients and healthy children over a 5-year period, based on analyzing longitudinal brain MRIs from 12 COS patients and 12 healthy controls matched for age, gender, and scan interval. COS patients showed up to 2.2% slower growth rates per year than healthy controls in WM (P = 0.02, all P values corrected). The greatest differences were in the right hemisphere (P = 0.006). This asymmetry was attributable to a right slower than left hemisphere growth rate mapped in COS patients (P = 0.037) but not in healthy controls. WM growth rates reached 2.6% per year in healthy controls (P = 0.0002). COS patients showed only a 1.3% per year trend for growth in the left hemisphere (P = 0.066). In COS, WM growth rates were associated with improvement in the Children's Global Assessment Scale (R = 0.64, P = 0.029). Growth rates were reduced throughout the brain in COS, but this process appeared to progress in a front-to-back (frontal-parietal) fashion, and this effect was not attributable to lower IQ. Growth rates were correlated with functional prognosis and were visualized as detailed 3D maps. Finally, these findings also confirm that the progressive GM deficits seen in schizophrenia are not the result of WM overgrowth.
Normative Values for 18-30 Age Group of Benton Visual Retention Test Scores and Pre-morbid Intelligence Quotients: New Data Comparisons for Diagnosing Memory and Visual Spatial Deficits in Alzheimer's Disease and Stroke

The Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT) is a well known test used to assess visual memory deficits and visual spatial abilities in patients. Normative data for the 18-30 age group is not presently covered thoroughly; hence, this study continues the work of previous series that examined data comprising BVRT scores, intelligence quotients (IQ), anxiety and depression levels, and gender effects. Correlations between pre-morbid estimates of IQ across different BVRT administrations were examined and discussed in order to compile a database of new data comparisons for this age group.
Shifting score fusion: on exploiting shifting variation in iris recognition

Iris recognition applies pattern matching techniques to compare two iris images and retrieve a comparison score that reflects their degree of (dis-)similarity. While numerous approaches to generating iris-codes have been proposed for the relatively young discipline of automated iris recognition, there are only few, usually simple, comparison techniques, e.g. fractional Hamming distance. However, in case of having access to specific iris-codes only or black-boxed feature extraction, there may be situations where improved comparison (even at potentially higher processing cost) is desirable. In this paper we present a new strategy for comparing iris-codes, which utilizes variations within comparison scores at different shift positions. We demonstrate that by taking advantage of this information, which even comes at negligible cost, recognition performance is significantly improved. The soundness of the approach is confirmed by experiments using two different iris-code based feature extraction algorithms.
What Do I Do With the Division for Early Childhood Recommended Practices ?

The Mountainview Early Childhood Program is located in a large metropolitan area and serves children from birth to age 5 with and without disabilities and their families. Historically, Mountainview has served children only without disabilities but in recent years began including children with disabilities. Some of the teachers have expressed concern that they don’t know how to work with the children with disabilities. Mr. Lester, the supervisor of the preschool classrooms, recently attended a presentation on the Division for Early Childhood’s (DEC’s) Recommended Practices in Early Intervention/Early Childhood Special Education (Sandall, Hemmeter, Smith, & McLean, 2005). He thinks the DEC Recommended Practices will be useful to the preschool teachers and wants to help them learn to use the practices. He is not quite sure where to begin,
Human upper-limb force capacities evaluation with robotic models for ergonomic applications: effect of elbow flexion

The aim of this study was to apply models derived from the robotics field to evaluate the human upper-limb force generation capacity. Four models were compared: the force ellipsoid (FE) and force polytope (FP) based on unit joint torques and the scaled FE (SFE) and scaled FP (SFP) based on maximum isometric joint torques. The four models were assessed from four upper-limb postures with varying elbow flexion (40°, 60°, 80° and 100°) measured by an optoelectronic system and their corresponding isometric joint torques. Ten subjects were recruited. Three specific ellipsoids and polytopes parameters were compared: isotropy, principal force orientation and volume. Isotropy showed that the ellipsoids and polytopes were elongated. The angle between the two ellipsoids main axis and the two polytopes remained low but increased with the elbow flexion. The FE and FP volumes increased and those of SFE and SFP decreased with the elbow flexion. The interest and limits of such models are discussed in the framework of ergonomics and rehabilitation.
Internet Addiction Pathology with Emphasis on Sexual Behaviors

Objectives: Nowadays, the number of Internet users in all over the world and in Iran is growing. This luxurious application has become something practical and tangible. Although this technology has some advantages and usefulness, it has some defects that we can mention to addiction particularly sexual addiction. Method: This article is recognizing and categorizing Internet addiction pathology with emphasis on sexual behaviors with research library method. Findings: The findings indicate that Internet sex addiction can have devastating effects. As users become comfortable with virtual forms of sex material they experience changes in their behavior. And once unlocked online sex material it can be difficult to return to the initial state. Internet sex addiction follows a progressive set of stages. The addiction process involves discovery, experimentation escalation, compulsion and hopelessness. Results: At the end, according to the understanding reached, in order to reduce the harm caused by Internet addiction it is suggested that before these harmful relationships occurred public education is as essential as to be considered with urgency because public education helps to reduce the cultural lag between technology and the consumer culture.
Concomitant administration of a bivalent Haemophilus influenzae type b-hepatitis B vaccine, measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and varicella vaccine: safety, tolerability and immunogenicity

Background. The study was done to verify that concomitant administration of a bivalent Haemophilus influenzae type b-hepatitis B vaccine (Comvax), measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (M-M-RII) and varicella vaccine (Varivax) would be well-tolerated and suitably immunogenic with respect to all vaccine antigens. Methods. We randomized 822 healthy 12- to 15-month-old children (1:1) to receive concomitant injections of Comvax, M-M-RII and Varivax (concomitant group) or Comvax followed 6 weeks later by injections of M-M-RII and Varivax (nonconcomitant group). Blood samples taken before and 6 weeks after vaccination were tested for antibodies to all vaccine antigens. Results. Vaccinations were generally well-tolerated. Children in the concomitant and nonconcomitant treatment groups were similar with respect to the safety endpoint of primary interest (16.1 and 19.5%, respectively, had a fever ≥103°F rectally at any time within 14 days after either of two clinic visits). Fifteen serious adverse events were reported (eight in the concomitant group and seven in the nonconcomitant group); all resolved. Elements of two serious adverse events (fever, fever and measles-like rash; both in concomitant group children) were considered possibly related to vaccination. One child was withdrawn from the study because of a nonserious adverse event subsequently judged to be unrelated to vaccination. Similar proportions of vaccinees in the concomitant and nonconcomitant groups developed satisfactory antibody responses to the H. influenzae polysaccharide, polyribosylribitol phosphate (97.8 to 98.7%), hepatitis B surface antigen (99.2 to 100%), measles virus (99.4 to 99.6%), mumps virus (98.4 to 99.2%), rubella virus (100%) and varicella virus (93.2 to 94.6%). Conclusion. Concomitant administration of Comvax, M-M-RII and VARIVAX at the 12- or 15-month clinic visit is one satisfactory way of delivering some of the multiple vaccines indicated during the second year of life.
Perturbation Modeling and Data Analysis in ASIAEX

Abstract : Shallow water acoustics and the performance of sonar systems in littoral environments are critical areas of interest to the US Navy. In response to this, the Office of Naval Research sponsored a series of acoustics experiments in the East and South China Seas, hereafter referred to as ASIAEX. Components of these experiments included studies of shallow water reverberation, geoacoustic properties, and short-range propagation variability. The long-term goals of this study are to provide a better understanding of shallow water reverberation, its statistics, and the primary mechanisms that define its structure, as well as the influence of geoacoustic and water column variability on shallow water propagation. By improving our understanding, the negative influence of such variability on active systems may be reduced through smarter data processing.
Generation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletants and basic phenotypic analysis of eight novel genes from the left arm of chromosome XIV

The disruption of eight novel genes was realized in two genetic backgrounds. Among these open reading frames, NO333, NO348 and NO364 presented homologies with other proteins of yeast or other organisms, whereas NO320, NO325, NO339, NO384 and NO388 showed no similarity with any protein. Tetrad analysis of heterozygous deletant strains revealed that NO348, NO364 and NO388 are essential genes for vegetative growth, whereas NO320, NO325, NO333, NO339 and NO384 are non‐essential. Basic phenotypic analyses of the non‐lethal deletant strains as suggested in the six‐pack B0 programme did not reveal any significant differences between parental and mutant strains. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.