Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Venous thromboembolic events and organ‐specific occult cancers: a review and meta‐analysis

Summary. Background: Despite a recognized association between venous thromboembolic events (VTE) and cancer, little is known about the strength and the features of this association. We performed a meta‐analysis in order to clarify this issue. Methods: We retrieved data from 40 reports published between 1982 and 2007: 12 contained cancer risk estimates for patients with either idiopathic or secondary VTE vs. subjects without VTE and 17 for patients with idiopathic vs. secondary VTE. We also pooled risk estimates from four cohort studies to assess the association between VTE and specific forms of cancer and conducted a proportional incidence study, based on the remaining 28 reports, which did not provide risk estimates. Results: The pooled relative risk (RR) of cancer was 3.2 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.4–4.5] for patients with any form of VTE vs. no VTE, 2.7 (95% CI 1.9–3.9) for patients with idiopathic vs. no VTE and 3.8 (95% CI 2.6–5.4) for patients with idiopathic vs. secondary VTE. In the pooled cohort studies, RRs for VTE vs. no VTE were significantly elevated for cancers of the ovary (RR 7.0), pancreas (RR 6.1), liver (RR 5.6), blood (4.2), brain (RR 3.8), kidney (RR 3.4), lung (3.1), colon (2.9), and esophagus (2.1). In the proportional incidence study, cancers of the pancreas, colon, and blood were significantly more frequently observed than in the general population. Conclusions: Overall we found a 3‐fold excess risk of occult cancer in patients with VTE. The risk varies according to tumor site and is highest for cancers of the ovary, pancreas, and liver.
O Papel do Ambiente Físico e Social na Construção de Comunidades Saudáveis. Ensaio Metodológico Aplicado à Amadora

RESUMO O reconhecimento do papel do ambiente na determinacao da qualidade de vida e da saude atribuiu ao lugar a capacidade de explicar os padroes de vida, saude, doenca e morte dos individuos. Nesta perspectiva, varios estudos concluem que as situacoes de vulnerabilidade formam clusters , sugerindo uma amplificacao do risco identificada pela simultaneidade de varios factores, sobressaindo lugares onde residem pessoas envelhecidas, pouco instruidas, doentes, com alojamentos precarios e escassez de oportunidades locais capazes de proporcionar vidas mais saudaveis e ate de transportes publicos que permitiriam a deslocacao e obtencao de servicos e bens noutros locais. Este texto procura avaliar areas de risco para a saude na Amadora utilizando tecnicas de estatistica espacial e multivariada que, dando a conhecer a geografia de algumas determinantes da saude, poderao vir a constituir-se como auxiliares de intervencoes estrategicas ao nivel do planeamento urbano.
NRC: Infused Phrase Vectors for Named Entity Recognition in Twitter

Our submission to the W-NUT Named Entity Recognition in Twitter task closely follows the approach detailed by Cherry and Guo (2015), who use a discriminative, semi-Markov tagger, augmented with multiple word representations. We enhance this approach with updated gazetteers, and with infused phrase embeddings that have been adapted to better predict the gazetteer membership of each phrase. Our system achieves a typed F1 of 44.7, resulting in a third-place finish, despite training only on the official training set. A post-competition analysis indicates that also training on the provided development data improves our performance to 54.2 F1.
The Uroepithelium: Not Just a Passive Barrier

The uroepithelium lines the inner surface of the renal pelvis, the ureters, and the urinary bladder, where it forms a tight barrier that allows for retention of urine, while preventing the unregulated movement of ions, solutes, and toxic metabolites across the epithelial barrier. In the case of the bladder, the permeability barrier must be maintained even as the organ undergoes cyclical changes in pressure as it fills and empties. Beyond furthering our understanding of barrier function, new analysis of the uroepithelium is providing information about how detergent‐insoluble membrane/protein domains called plaques are formed at the apical plasma membrane of the surface umbrella cells, how mechanical stimuli such as pressure alter exocytic and endocytic traffic in epithelial cells such as umbrella cells, and how changes in pressure are communicated to the underlying nervous system.
Strengthening North-South Partnerships for Sustainable Development

Although U.S. private voluntary organizations (PVOs) have been working for more than adecade on improving their partnerships with Southern nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), current surveys indicate that there is still a gap between PVO and Southern NGO perceptions of effectiveness. On the basis of a comparative analysis of four case studies of partnership between U.S. PVOs and African NGOs, this article suggests that the remaining barriers to effective partnership are found in the PVOs’ internal systems for financial and management control. These systems are more attuned to the demands of accountability, as conceptualized in agency theories, than to the demands of partnership as conceptualized in collaboration theories. This article proposes an integrative concept, collaborative accountability, and recommends a number of proactive and practical change strategies for PVOs that wish to continue to improve their partnerships.
Conditional immortalization of mouse myelomonocytic, megakaryocytic and mast cell progenitors by the Hox‐2.4 homeobox gene.

The murine myelomonocytic cell line WEHI‐3B exhibits ectopic expression of the genes encoding the homeobox protein, Hox‐2.4, and the myeloid growth factor, interleukin‐3 (IL‐3). We showed previously that concomitant expression of IL‐3 and Hox‐2.4 in bone marrow cells induced the development of transplantable growth factor‐independent tumours resembling the WEHI‐3B tumour. We have now investigated the effect of enforced expression of Hox‐2.4 alone. Bone marrow cells were infected with Hox‐2.4 retrovirus and then either cultured in agar or transplanted into irradiated mice. In vitro, colonies derived from virus‐infected cells readily yielded IL‐3‐dependent, non‐tumorigenic cell lines of the myelomonocytic, megakaryocytic and mast cell lineages. Surprisingly, both the establishment and maintenance of these lines required very high concentrations of IL‐3 and reduced levels promoted differentiation. Transplanted mice analysed after 3 months appeared normal but their spleen and bone marrow contained abundant provirus‐bearing progenitor cells, from which IL‐3‐dependent long‐term cell lines could readily be established in vitro. Four of 18 animals monitored for up to 12 months eventually developed clonal leukaemia, associated in three cases with IL‐3 production. Thus ectopic expression of Hox‐2.4 enhances self‐renewal of immature myeloid progenitors and progression to a fully malignant state is favoured by somatic mutations conferring autocrine production of IL‐3.
Severity of depression and benzodiazepine comedication in relationship to efficacy of antidepressants in acute trials. A meta‐analysis of moclobemide trials

The severity of depression at baseline, measured by the 17‐item Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAM‐D), was analysed as a predictor of the response to treatment, with response being defined as a 50 per cent improvement on the HAM‐D or a good/very good outcome on the clinical global assessment over four weeks treatment. There is a good correlation between the two outcome measures (r = 0.67), but the question of the optimal outcome measure in very mild depression remains unsolved.
Neuroimmunoendocrine Interactions in Patients with Recurrent Major Depression, Increased Early Life Stress and Long-Standing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

Background: Traumatic events experienced in childhood may lead to psychiatric diseases in adult life, including major depressive disorder (MDD). It remains obscure to what extent early life stress (ELS) is associated with biologically relevant changes in MDD. Objective: We investigated both neuroendocrine and immunological correlates in recurrent MDD with ELS and current posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Methods: Thirty-eight female MDD patients with or without childhood trauma and 15 healthy controls took part in this study. Salivary cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were assessed by radioimmunoassays. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and T cell proliferation and cellular sensitivity to steroids and DHEAS were evaluated by colorimetric assays. Th1/Th2 cytokines were assessed by cytometric bead arrays. Results: MDD patients with or without previous trauma had similarly lower salivary cortisol and DHEAS in parallel with blunted T cell proliferation. PBMCs of depressives were significantly less sensitive to dexamethasone or epinephrine than those of the controls. PBMCs of MDD patients produced significantly lower interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels when compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: We found that a history of ELS did not modify the blunted neuroendocrine and immunological alterations presented by recurrent depressed patients.
Early Victimization, Drug Use, and Criminality

Comparative analysis of the relative victimization of 1,030 adult male prisoners and 500 adult female prisoners in Texas reveals significant gender differences in childhood and adult maltreatment and subsequent substance use and criminality. Female inmates report significantly more maltreatment as children than do male inmates. Moreover, the maltreatment of women increases when they become adults, whereas the maltreatment of men drops sharply. The study found childhood maltreatment to be more strongly associated with adult depression and substance dependence among women than among men. The severity of substance misuse and problems associated with it are stronger predictors of female rates of criminal activity than male rates. Recent literature from the social sciences is presented to account for the findings. A female empowerment treatment model to help women attain control over their lives is suggested.
Development of Cefotaxime Impregnated Chitosan as Nano-antibiotics: De Novo Strategy to Combat Biofilm Forming Multi-drug Resistant Pathogens

Frequent incidents of antibiotic-resistant biofilm forming pathogens in community-associated and hospital-acquired infections have become a global concern owing to failure of conventional therapies. Nano-antibiotics (NABs) are de novo tools to overcome the multi-drug resistant mechanisms employed by the superbugs. Inhibition of biofilm formation is one of those strategies to curb multi drug resistance phenomenon. In the current study, the anti-biofilm and antibacterial potential of newly synthesized cefotaxime loaded chitosan based NABs have been investigated. Both bare and cefotaxime loaded NABs were prepared by ionotropic gelation method. They were found carrying positive zeta potential of more than +50 mV, indicating highly stable nano-dispersion. Moreover, microscopic studies revealed their size as less than 100 nm. NABs were tested against clinical isolates of multi drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and wherein they demonstrated broad-spectrum anti-biofilm and anti-pathogenic activity. Thus, in vitro synergistic action of cephalosporin drugs and chitosan polymer at nano-scale in contrast to free antibiotics can be an improved broad-spectrum strategy to thwart resistance mechanisms in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative resistant pathogens.
Grist and mills: on the cultural origins of cultural learning

Cumulative cultural evolution is what ‘makes us odd’; our capacity to learn facts and techniques from others, and to refine them over generations, plays a major role in making human minds and lives radically different from those of other animals. In this article, I discuss cognitive processes that are known collectively as ‘cultural learning’ because they enable cumulative cultural evolution. These cognitive processes include reading, social learning, imitation, teaching, social motivation and theory of mind. Taking the first of these three types of cultural learning as examples, I ask whether and to what extent these cognitive processes have been adapted genetically or culturally to enable cumulative cultural evolution. I find that recent empirical work in comparative psychology, developmental psychology and cognitive neuroscience provides surprisingly little evidence of genetic adaptation, and ample evidence of cultural adaptation. This raises the possibility that it is not only ‘grist’ but also ‘mills’ that are culturally inherited; through social interaction in the course of development, we not only acquire facts about the world and how to deal with it (grist), we also build the cognitive processes that make ‘fact inheritance’ possible (mills).
The combination of ipratropium and albuterol optimizes pulmonary function reversibility testing in patients with COPD.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine whether the combination of ipratropium bromide and albuterol results in greater and more consistent pulmonary function test (PFT) response rates than ipratropium bromide or albuterol alone in patients with COPD. DESIGN Retrospective review of two recently completed 3-month, randomized, double-blind, parallel, multicenter, phase III trials. SETTING Outpatient. PATIENTS A total of 1,067 stable patients with COPD. INTERVENTIONS Ipratropium bromide (36 microg qid), albuterol base (180 microg qid), or an equivalent combination of ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate (42 microg and 240 microg qid, respectively). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS PFT response rates were analyzed using 12% and 15% increases in FEV1 compared with baseline values and were measured in the various treatment groups on days 1, 29, 57, and 85 in these trials. Regardless of whether a 12% or a 15% increase in FEV1 was used to define a positive response, an equivalent combination of ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate was superior to the individual agents (p < 0.05; all comparisons within 30 min). In addition, a 15% or more increase in FEV1 was seen in > 80% of patients who received the combination of ipratropium and albuterol sulfate during the initial PFT and continued to be observed 3 months after initial testing. CONCLUSIONS Use of a combination of ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate is superior to the individual agents in identifying PFT reversibility in patients with COPD.
Interação comunicativa entre pais de crianças e adolescentes deficientes auditivos que utilizam comunicação oral

Introduction: The family involvement is one of the most important aspects of language interventionwith deaf children and adolescents, and through this intervention pragmatic situations will turn intoimportant opportunities in the development of hearing and oral communication. Objective: To analyzethe communicative interaction between parents and hearing impaired children and adolescents who useoral communication. Methodology: This study included four parents with their deaf children. The deafparticipants were two children, aged two years, one being user of Device Personal Sound Amplification(HA) and the other user of cochlear implant (CI) and the other two were two teenagers aged 12 and 14years, one being user of hearing aids and the other IC user. The procedure used was the checklist whichpresents 22 behaviors analyzing the interaction for stimulation of hearing and language, punctuatedby judges, from a Likert scale and classified as “rarely”, “is” and “often”. Results: The agreementbetween the judges was 97.8 %. The scoring and ranking established by the judges stands out that: inall interactions parents often encouraged hearing and language. Conclusion: The results demonstratethat parents of hearing impaired children or adolescents inserted into an aurioral program, in whichthere is great emphasis on family guidance, have an appropriate behavior in the stimulation of hearingand language when interacting with their children.
Endothelium‐Removal Decreases Relaxations of Canine Coronary Arteries Caused by β‐Adrenergic Agonists and Adenosine

Experiments were designed to investigate the importance of the endothelium in relaxation of isolated coronary arteries caused by β-adrenoceptor agonists or adenosine. Rings of canine left circumflex coronary arteries were suspended for isometric tension recording in organ chambers filled with physiological salt solution. Norepinephrine. isoproterenol. adenosine. acetylcholine. and sodium nitroprusside caused relaxations of control rings contracted with prostaglandin F2 or KCl. The relaxations to all substances tested were relatively smaller during contractions evoked by KCl than those caused by prostaglandin F2. Mechanical removal of the endothelium abolished the relaxations caused by acetylcholine. reduced those caused by the catecholamines and adenosine. sine did not affect the relaxations to sodium nitroprusside during contractions to prostaglandin F2. Endothelium-removal did not affect relaxations to β-adrenergic agonists or adenosine during contractions to KCl or alter pretreatment of the arteries with indomethacin. In-domethacin did not affect responses to acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside. hut augmented those in response to β-adrenoceptor stimulation and adenosine. These results suggest that the endothelial cells of the canine coronary artery produce a signal in response to β-adrenergic agonists and adenosine. which facilitates the direct inhibitory action of these substances on vascular smooth muscle.
Conclusion: Theoretical Convergencies and Empirical Evidence in the Study of Immigrant Transnationalism

Conclusions to books or journal issues commonly seek to summarize the preceding articles or chapters and offer some general guidelines about the relevant subject matter. This is a demanding but feasible task when the preceding material consists of empirical studies that lend themselves to an effort of synthesis. When the contents of the book or journal are, as in this case, themselves summaries of the literature and general reflections on the character of the field, the synthetic enterprises become far more demanding. It is difficult to agree with the conclusions and prescriptions of some authors without disagreeing with those of others. It is also unfair to take advantage of having the last word to comment critically on the arguments or recommendations advanced in the preceding articles. The editors of this issue have ably summarized in their introduction the principal arguments presented in each article. It would be an unnecessary duplication to do so here. Instead, I propose to do the opposite of what is generally expected in a conclusion. That is, instead of presenting theoretical reflections on empirical materials, I intend to supplement the abundant theoretical arguments contained in this issue with a summary presentation of actual results. The latter come from the recently completed surveys of the Comparative Immigrant Entrepreneurship Project (CIEP). Before doing so, however, it would be useful to summarize some of the empirical and conceptual points on which the until-recently contentious literature on transnationalism has reached a measure of consensus. They represent indicators of progress, insofar as the weight of evidence and subsequent reflection on it have gradually led scholars from very different perspectives to agree on the tenability of certain arguments and the weakness of others.
Transitions To and From Self- Employment Among Older People With Disabilities in Europe

This paper analyses the labor-market transitions among older people with disabilities in Europe as compared to their non-disabled counterparts. Particular attention is paid to the workers’ transitions to and from self-employment. Using data from the two first waves (2004 and 2007) of a panel data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we estimate employment transition matrices for disabled and non-disabled individuals aged 50 years or over, taking into account the possible transitions in disability status that individuals may experience throughout our panel data. The results show that older people with disabilities (especially females) who are self-employed in 2004 are less likely to remain in the same labor status three years later. In contrast, transitions from self-employment to “out of labor force” were relatively higher for disabled individuals as compared to non-disabled ones. In addition, the results vary when we take into consideration the disability trajectories. Areas of future research and policy recommendations are given.
Dropouts from Higher Education: Path Analysis of a National Sample

Path analysis was used to test the Tinto model of college dropout using a sample drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972. Through path analysis, a more parsimonious causal model was derived. Pre-college characteristics predicted college integration, but did not directly affect the dropout decisions. Factors related to the integration of the student into the college's academic setting appeared to be far more important to subsequent dropout decisions than were factors related to integration into the social setting. The commitment of the student to the goal of college completion had the strongest positive effect on the decision to remain in school.
The Application of RFID Technology in the Warehouse Management Information System

A new logistics management mode applied RFID technology and Internet integration will totally change the dynamic coordination level of various taches about control of goods flow, such as production, transportation, storage, sales, etc., in which RFID technology opens a new huge market. This assay mainly introduced the basic structure and working principle of the management system based on RFID technology, compared the advantages of RFID with the traditional bar codes in the warehouse management, analyzed the managed objects and tasks in warehouse, brought forward the technological architecture and functions of warehouse management system. and finally stated in detail the specific application of RFID technology in warehouse management system.
Evaluating Second Life as a tool for collaborative scientific visualisation

This paper explores the potential of using the online digital world Second Life as a scientific visualisation tool, in particular, for remote collaborative exploration of scientific datasets. Second Life at its core provides a means whereby multiple remote participants can engage with 3D geometry within a virtual environment. It has been chosen for this evaluation for a number of reasons, these include the easy to learn user interface, its relatively widespread uptake, the availability of the player on the three main computer platforms, its non-aggressive social networking foundation, and the scripting capability. This paper will outline the desirable characteristics expected of any online collaborative tool in science research and will discuss, through examples, the extent to which Second Life meets those expectations.
The psychology of emotion regulation: An integrative review

The present article reviews modern research on the psychology of emotion regulation. Emotion regulation determines the offset of emotional responding and is thus distinct from emotional sensitivity, which determines the onset of emotional responding. Among the most viable categories for classifying emotion-regulation strategies are the targets and functions of emotion regulation. The emotion-generating systems that are targeted in emotion regulation include attention, knowledge, and bodily responses. The functions of emotion regulation include satisfying hedonic needs, supporting specific goal pursuits, and facilitating the global personality system. Emotion-regulation strategies are classified in terms of their targets and functions and relevant empirical work is reviewed. Throughout this review, emotion regulation emerges as one of the most far-ranging and influential processes at the interface of cognition and emotion.