Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Position Monitoring using a Smart Wireless Network System

New mobile applications and services in the field of e.g. healthcare, transport and mobile work and business processes implies to manage huge amount of relevant information. In many cases involved people e.g. a patient or a worker are not aware of specific data or not able to take an active role in this managing process. The key to it is the development of Intelligent Wireless Sensor Networks for transferable applications. This is seen as the consequent next step forward within the field of mobile applications and services The upcoming new wireless technologies open the door to a wide field of new possibilities thereby creating the basis for a new approach to communication. This new approach will empower businesses to implement true mobile products and services in leisure, production and enterprise related contexts. Today we have high focus on new mobile services and applications using the existing technology. In the meanwhile the interoperability with other wireless technologies has become more and more important. Our goal is to design and construct a system that can be put into practical use and prove the benefits and potential of this vital data monitoring system. We describe an experimental system for measuring acceleration from which, we could evaluate the problems facing practical use.
Information theoretical versus algebraic constructions of linear unitary precoders for non-ergodic multiple antenna channels

In this paper, we propose a new construction of linear unitary precoders for multiple antenna fading channels based on an information theoretical tool and we compare its performance with some known algebraic precoders. The new precoder has been selected in the ensemble of random unitary precoders by minimizing the outage probability associated to the instantaneous mutual information. Then we consider a bit-interleaved coded modulation where a non-systematic non-recursive convolutional code is cascaded with a linear modulation and a block-fading multiple antenna channel. The word error rate performance of the proposed precoder is illustrated under iterative detection and decoding.
Social class and health services use in Korea.

This study examines social class differences of health services use in Korea focusing on such issues as the amount of use types of services and purposes of using particular types of services as well as the illness experiences by different social classes. The data set used in the study was drawn from a small sample survey conducted by the author in Seoul in 1986. The findings show that the higher class people had more acute illness while the lower class had more chronic cases. Moreover the higher class people use health services more than the lower class. It is also clear from the different hypothetical situations as well as actual use of health series that people in the he higher classes were more likely to use physicians while the lower class tended to visit pharmacies. Visiting physicians is the primary source of care for most of people in the new middle class and petty bourgeoisie. Although the proportion of the working class who used physician services has been increasing pharmacies are still the primary source of car for the lower class in Korea. For symptoms such as a sudden feeling of weakness and joint pains the respondents regardless of social class preferred to use Chinese medicine. In terms of actual utilization however the difference in the use of Chinese Medicine was not as large as the differences in the use of physicians and pharmacies. However it was found that the higher classes were more likely to use Chinese medicine for the purpose of maintaining good health while the lower class people used mostly acupuncture for symptom relief and treatment of acute problems. (authors modified)
Role of the axon initial segment in the regulation of rotein transport and the maintenance of axonal identity

The transmission of information in the brain depends on the highly polarized architecture of neurons. A number of cellular transport processes support this organization, including active targeting of proteins and passive corralling between compartments. The axon initial segment (AIS), which separates the somatodendritic and axonal compartments, has a key role in neuronal physiology, as both the initiation site of action potentials and the gatekeeper of the axonal arborization. Over the years, the AIS main
The Perception of Exploratory Browsing and Trust With Recommender Websites

In view of information overflow on the web, the use of recommender systems seems to be an appropriate means by which to organize information that targets preferences. The purpose of this article is to present a novel model explaining the satisfaction with recommender websites integrating emerging influential factors such as trust, exploratory browsing, and personal factors. Three recommender systems were tested to support a model applicable for different product categories. All three recommenders suggest that trust plays a particularly strong role in the support of the decision-making and purchasing process. Web operators therefore should focus on their role as a “trusted friend” as opposed to “hierarchical controller” of user behavior.
Urbanization Increases Aedes albopictus Larval Habitats and Accelerates Mosquito Development and Survivorship

Introduction Aedes albopictus is a very invasive and aggressive insect vector that causes outbreaks of dengue fever, chikungunya disease, and yellow fever in many countries. Vector ecology and disease epidemiology are strongly affected by environmental changes. Urbanization is a worldwide trend and is one of the most ecologically modifying phenomena. The purpose of this study is to determine how environmental changes due to urbanization affect the ecology of Aedes albopictus. Methods Aquatic habitats and Aedes albopictus larval population surveys were conducted from May to November 2013 in three areas representing rural, suburban, and urban settings in Guangzhou, China. Ae. albopictus adults were collected monthly using BG-Sentinel traps. Ae. albopictus larva and adult life-table experiments were conducted with 20 replicates in each of the three study areas. Results The urban area had the highest and the rural area had the lowest number of aquatic habitats that tested positive for Ae. albopictus larvae. Densities in the larval stages varied among the areas, but the urban area had almost two-fold higher densities in pupae and three-fold higher in adult populations compared with the suburban and rural areas. Larvae developed faster and the adult emergence rate was higher in the urban area than in suburban and rural areas. The survival time of adult mosquitoes was also longer in the urban area than it was in suburban and rural areas. Study regions, surface area, water depth, water clearance, surface type, and canopy coverage were important factors associated with the presence of Ae. albopictus larvae. Conclusions Urbanization substantially increased the density, larval development rate, and adult survival time of Ae. albopictus, which in turn potentially increased the vector capacity, and therefore, disease transmissibility. Mosquito ecology and its correlation with dengue virus transmission should be compared in different environmental settings.
Interference Aware Inverse EEDBR protocol for Underwater WSNs

The unique characteristics of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) attracted the research community to explore different aspects of these networks. Routing is one of the most important and challenging function in UWSNs, for efficient data communication and longevity of sensor node's battery timing. Sensor nodes have energy constraint because replacing the batteries of sensor nodes is an expensive and tough task in harsh aqueous environment. Also interference is a major performance influencing factor. Providing solutions for interference-free communication are also essential. In this paper, we propose three energy-efficient and interference-aware routing protocols named as Inverse Energy Efficient Depth-Based Routing protocol (IEEDBR), Interference-Aware Energy Efficient Depth-Based Routing protocol (IA-EEDBR) and Interference-Aware Inverse Energy Efficient Depth-Based Routing protocol (IA-IEEDBR). Unlike EEDBR, IEEDBR protocol uses depth and minimum residual energy information for selecting data forwarder. While IA-EEDBR takes minimum number of neighbors for forwarder selection. IA-IEEDBR considers depth, minimum residual energy along with minimum number of neighbors for selection of forwarder. Our proposed schemes are validated through simulation and the results demonstrate better performance in terms of improved network lifetime, maximized throughput and reduced path loss.
Rectal Carriage of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 in Slaughtered Cattle

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important cause of diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and potentially fatal human illness. Cattle are considered a primary reservoir of infection, and recent experimental evidence has indicated that the terminal rectum is the principal site of bacterial carriage. To test this finding in naturally colonized animals, intact rectum samples from 267 cattle in 24 separate lots were obtained immediately after slaughter, and fecal material and mucosal surfaces were cultured for E. coli O157 by direct and enrichment methods. Two locations, 1 and 15 cm proximal to the recto-anal junction, were tested. In total, 35 animals were positive for E. coli O157 at at least one of the sites and 232 animals were negative as determined by all tests. The frequency of isolation and the numbers of E. coli O157 cells were higher at the site closer to the recto-anal junction, confirming our previous experimental findings. We defined low- and high-level carriers as animals with E. coli O157 levels of <1 × 103 CFU g−1 or <1 × 103 CFU ml−1 and animals with E. coli O157 levels of ≥1 × 103 CFU g−1 or ≥1 × 103 CFU ml−1 in feces or tissues, respectively. High-level carriage was detected in 3.7% of the animals (95% confidence interval, 1.8 to 6.8%), and carriage on the mucosal surface of the terminal rectum was associated with high-level fecal excretion. In summary, our results support previous work demonstrating that the mucosal epithelium in the bovine terminal rectum is an important site for E. coli O157 carriage in cattle. The data also support the hypothesis that high-level fecal shedding (≥1 × 103 CFU g of feces−1) of enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157 results from colonization of this site.
Concentrations and dose rate estimates of 134137cesium and 90strontium in small mammals at chornobyl, Ukraine

Free‐ranging mammals near the Chornobyl nuclear reactor are experiencing substantial radiation dose rates from intramuscular concentrations of 134137Cs and skeletal 90Sr. Radiocesium concentrations averaged 3,200 Bq/g of dry muscle, compared to a mean of 297 Bq 90Sr/g in bone for mammals in the Exclusion Zone, a region of restricted human activity surrounding the reactor. Estimates of dose rates from intramuscular sources of radiocesium averaged 2.4 mGy/d within 8 km of the reactor and ranged as high as 60 mGy/d. Overall dose rates from internal 90Sr for mammals in the Exclusion Zone averaged 1.0 mGy/d, although doses to specific tissues are likely much higher. Mammals captured 30 km southeast of the reactor averaged only 2 Bq/g of muscle and were receiving an average of 1.4 μuGy/d from internal radiocesium. Dramatic variation exists in the spatial pattern of radiocesium in areas immediately surrounding the reactor and within and between remediated and unremediated regions. The variance of 90Sr for taxa among sites was significantly less than that for 134137Cs. Thermoluminescent dosimeters placed on free‐ranging mice showed that dose rates from external sources of radiation were much greater than the dose rates from internal sources of radiocesium. Estimated dose rates in very small areas of the Chornobyl region exceed those reported to impede reproductive success in mammals.
Existence, Uniqueness, and Optimality of Sibling-Property Codes for Infinite Sources

By definition Huffman codes only exist for finite sources, since the Huffman algorithm cannot be applied to an infinite source. On the other hand, Gallager's sibling property, which was introduced as a characterization of Huffman codes, extends naturally to (countably) infinite sources. Thus we define a Huffman-Gallager code as any code that has the sibling property, and we present some basic facts about such codes. (1) For any source, a Huffman-Gallager code exists and its list of node probabilities is unique. (2) A Huffman-Gallager code is optimal, and given an optimal code, there exists a Huffman-Gallager code with the same codeword lengths. (3) For sources with infinite entropy, the existence and uniqueness results continue to hold, and the optimality results hold for a natural extended form of optimality
A Denotational Definition of the Semantics of DRC, A Domain Relational Calculus

This paper presents a semi-formal denotational definition of the semantics of a version of domain relational calculus called DRC. A single basic design principle governs the semantic definition: each predicate (or formula) of DRC denotes a relation. The definition obtained is precise, short, and systematic. Generalizations of operations of the relational algebra are suggested, which correspond very directly with the semantics of DRC formulas. This work also suggests a more active role of semantic considerations in the design process of a query language, in order to simplify the specification of the language and, eventually , the language itself.
Knowledge Management and Business Modeling based on the Semantics of Contracts

We argue that knowledge management cannot be separated from business modeling. Therefore, we start from a firm modeling methodology hereafter called “Approach Based on Contract” (ABC). In the ABC method, the contract (explicit or implicit) between a firm and its clients is the first step of the modeling. This contract is progressively refined in an interactive topdown and bottom-up approach in which each design team (DT) enters a sub-contracting process with the others DTs involved in same business process. The sub-contractualisation and its parallel design process stop when the model resulting of the lowest DT groups is so simple that it can be operationalized. We then discuss the interest and consequence of our approach on knowledge modeling, knowledge management, on the hierarchy of the firm and on the manpower management.
Faster Mixing for all Conductance Methods

We consider isoperimetric (geometric) methods for showing rapid convergence of Markov chains. Previous isoperimetric proofs involved the conductance Φ, which was bounded through geometric, inductive or canonical path methods. We extend these three methods and obtain bounds on a new isoperimetric quantity known as the blocking conductance φ(x). This leads to mixing time bounds typically within a single order of magnitude from optimal.
Early Prediction of Testability by Analyzing Behavioral VHDL Specifications

A behavioral testability analysis technique is proposed for early prediction of testability by analyzing behavioral specifications written in VHDL. The technique extracts functional properties by an analysis of variable range, statement hardness and dependency relation between variables of the specification. It predicts the testability for the whole design with a low computational cost. Another feature of the proposed technique is that it reduces the number of design iterations since the hard-to-test parts of the design are grouped and several testability improvement techniques can be applied in each design iteration. Experimental results show that the behavioral testability analysis technique predicts the hard-to-test parts accurately and efficiently.
A Magellan IMACS Spectroscopic Search for Lyα-emitting Galaxies at Redshift 5.7

We present results from a blind, spectroscopic survey for z ∼ 5.7 Lyα-emitting galaxies (LAEs) using the Inamori Magellan Areal Camera and Spectrograph. A total of ~200 arcmin2 were observed in the COSMOS and LCIRS fields using a narrowband filter, which transmits between atmospheric emission lines at 8190 Å, and a mask with 100 long slits. This observing technique provides higher emission-line sensitivity than narrowband imaging and probes larger volumes than strong lensing. We find 170 emission-line galaxies and identify their redshifts spectroscopically. We confirm three LAEs, the first discovered using multislit narrowband spectroscopy. Their line profiles are narrow, but fitted models suggest intrinsic, unattenuated widths ~400 km s−1 FWHM. The red wing of the line profiles presents features consistent with galactic winds. The star formation rates of these galaxies are at least 5-7 M☉ yr−1 and likely a factor of 2 higher. We estimate that the number density of L ⩾ 5 × 1042 erg s−1 LAEs is 9.0−4+12 × 10−5 h703 Mpc−3 at redshift 5.7 and constrain the Schechter function parameters describing this population. Galaxies fainter than our detection limit may well be the primary source of ionizing photons at z ∼ 6. We argue, however, that the break luminosity L*,Ly α is not yet well constrained. If this break luminosity is near our detection limit, and somewhat lower than previous estimates, then the detected LAE population could be responsible for ionizing the intergalactic gas at redshift z ∼ 6. We discuss the potential of multislit narrowband spectroscopy for deeper emission-line surveys.
A Quantum Observable for the Graph Isomorphism Problem

Suppose we are given two graphs on $n$ vertices. We define an observable in the Hilbert space $\Co[(S_n \wr S_2)^m]$ which returns the answer ``yes'' with certainty if the graphs are isomorphic and ``no'' with probability at least $1-n! /2^m$ if the graphs are not isomorphic. We do not know if this observable is efficiently implementable.
Image de-hazing based on optimal compression and histogram specification

Haze in the environment will hinder the accurate recognition of objects captured in an image. To overcome this problem, image de-hazing processes have been an active technique applied in many research work. Among the available approaches, the one based on the assumption of dark channel prior is able to produce promising results and improved processing speed by integrating the guided filter. However, there are still some limitations existing in this method; particularly the over-range problem makes the appearance of recovered image unnatural. Moreover, its incapability in preserving image brightness frequently requires user intervention. In order to alleviate these shortcomings, the approach presented in this paper is realized through an effective magnitude compression operation. Histogram specification is further exercised for image post-processing. Finally, parameters of both steps are optimized with the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Experiments were conducted with one hundred and thirty hazy images captured in different environmental conditions. Results showed that the proposed method performs better or equivalently in image de-hazing comparing with the approach based on dark channel prior.
Density Estimation on Delaunay

Density Estimation is a very popular method to compute global illumination solutions in a complex virtual scene. After simulating the reeec-tion paths of a large number of photons in the scene, the illumination at a surface point is approximated by estimating the density of photon hits in the point's surrounding. In this paper we describe a novel approach to compute such a density approximation based on Delaunay trian-gulation and mesh modiication techniques.
Parallel Packet Transmission Based on OFDM

This paper proposes a parallel packet transmission (PPT) scheme based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). The principle of the PPT scheme is to divide a packet into a number of smaller parallel packets, and transmit each smaller packet over an individual subcarrier of the OFDM symbols instead of spreading the data bits in a packet across a number of different subcarriers. It is proved theoretically that the proposed PPT scheme has higher average throughput than the conventional serial packet transmission without precoding. Furthermore, simulation results show that the OFDM system with PPT outperforms the precoded OFDM system with minimum mean squared error equalization in both uncoded and coded cases in terms of average throughput. The PPT scheme provides an alternative and simpler means to combat frequency-selective fading.
CHAPTER 13 Synthesis of clock and power / ground networks

Clock distribution networks and power delivery systems are the two largest types of on-chip interconnect networks. They both play a crucial role in the correct operation of a circuit. A clock network delivers a synchronizing signal across the chip to coordinate the flow of data. A power/ground (P/G) supply network provides a reference voltage for determining the status of a transistor (on or off) and also the current for switching a transistor. This chapter addresses many issues that affect the integrity of clock networks or P/G networks. We begin with a discussion of the timing, power, and robustness issues that one must consider when designing a clock network or P/G network. The chapter then examines the automated analysis, synthesis, and optimization of such large-scale interconnection networks in two sections, one for clock networks and the other one for power supply networks. For each section, we first cover the typical topologies encountered. After presenting the modeling and analysis techniques for such networks, the chapter describes algorithms to synthesize and optimize these networks.
Large-Eddy Simulation of in-Cylinder Flows

Advances in physical models, numerical methods, and computational power together have brought large-eddy simulation (LES) to the point where it warrants serious consideration for computing in-cylinder turbulent flows. This article includes: a discussion of LES and how it differs from Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) modeling; motivation for transitioning to LES for in-cylinder flow in IC engines; and quantitative results for two motored engine configurations. Dynamicsubgrid-scale stress models are emphasized, and results from two different numerical approaches are discussed. Compared to RANS, LES requires a low level of empirical input, provides more complete information on in-cylinder flow structure, and makes previously inaccessible phenomena (e. g. , cycle-to-cycle variability) amenable to analysis.
Conceptual Expansion During Divergent Thinking

Recent research on creative thinking has implicated conceptual expansion as potential cognitive underpinnings. These theories were examined within the context of a laboratory study using two divergent thinking prompts. Participants generated alternative/creative uses for a brick and for a glass bottle (separately) for two minutes and responses were time-stamped using a Matlab GUI. Semantic distances between responses and conceptual representations of the DT prompts were computed using latent semantic analysis. Results showed that semantic distance increased as responding progressed, with significant differences between the two tasks, and intraparticipant variation. Results have implications for theories of creative thinking and represent methodological and analytic advances in the study of divergent thinking.