Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classification of facial features for recognition

A facial feature classification technique that independently captures both the geometric configuration and the image detail of a particular feature is described. The geometric configuration is first extracted by fitting a deformable template to the shape of the feature (for example, an eye) in the image. This information is then used to geometrically normalize the image in such a way that the feature in the image attains a standard shape. The normalized image of the facial feature is then classified in terms of a set of principal components previously obtained from a representative set of training images of similar features. This classification stage yields a representation vector which can be used for recognition matching of the feature in terms of image detail alone without the complication of changes in facial expression. Implementation of the system is described and results are given for its application to a set of test faces. These results show that features can be reliably recognized using the representation vectors obtained. <<ETX>>
Determinants of Employment Status Among a Community-Based Sample of People with Epilepsy

People with epilepsy may face a number of complex and interacting problems and barriers related to employment. Understanding these barriers is an important step toward implementing effective rehabilitation interventions. This article explores the factors that predicted employment status among a community-based sample of adults with epilepsy. Data for the analysis were collected from 146 adults with epilepsy through Epilepsy Foundation chapters in Wisconsin, Kentucky, and Ohio. Several demographic and epilepsy-related variables were analyzed to explore the determinants of employment status. Results of a binary logistic regression analysis suggest that gender, number of antiepilepsy medications used, seizure frequency, and reported interference in daily functioning created by seizures were the best predictors of employment. Additional analyses suggested that the possession of a driver's license was also associated with employment status. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for rehabilitation-based intervention.
Prevalencia de intimidación en dos instituciones educativas del departamento del Valle del Cauca, 2009

Bullying has been defined as the intentional use of force, not occasionally, but maintained over a period of time, with the objective of generating a negative impact on the victim from a powerful position, and therefore unevenness between participants tolerated among a group of peers. As an initial approximation to establishing prevalence in the Valle del Cauca Department, a first cut was performed from a cross-sectional study with an estimated population of 2000 schoolchildren from grades 5 to 10. The first cut corresponded to a population of 366 schoolchildren, 32,2% from 9th grade with an average age of 13. [ED±1,82], in the distribution, 51.4 % were female. The reported prevalence is of verbal bullying 90.1%, Social bullying 86.2 %, Physical bullying 71.3 %, and intimidation by coercion 29.6 %. These early findings make clear the need to implement intervention strategies to strengthen coping capacities against offences, ridicule, and criticism that bullies exert, but complemented by strategies guided at not allowing or encouraging the use of violence, generating both protective and prosocial behavior.
Long-Term Importance of Fundamental Motor Skills: A 20-Year Follow-Up Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential long-term association of motor skill proficiency at 6 years of age and self-reported physical activity (PA) at age 26. Direct motor performance data were collected in 1991 with a follow-up study occurring in 1996, and then indirect questionnaires (self-report) administered in 2001 and 2011. In 2011, 17 participants who were identified as either having high motor proficiency (HMP) or low motor proficiency (LMP) in 1991 completed a series of 4 questionnaires. Analyses were conducted to determine whether there were differences between groups for motor skill proficiency, PA, or sedentary behavior, and whether these outcomes were related across ages. Motor skill proficiency at age 6 was related to self-reported proficiency at age 16 (r = .77, p = .006), and self-reported proficiency between 16 and 26 years (r = .85, p = .001). Motor skill proficiency at age 6 was positively associated with leisure time PA at age 26 in females and participants in the HMP group. The results may provide preliminary evidence about the importance of how early motor skill proficiency relates to long-term PA. More research with larger sample sizes is needed to investigate the importance of motor skills over time
The MYB80 Transcription Factor Is Required for Pollen Development and the Regulation of Tapetal Programmed Cell Death in Arabidopsis thaliana[W][OA]

This work examines downstream targets of MYB80 and shows that an aspartic protease regulated by MYB80 is involved in the timing of programmed cell death of the tapetum in the Arabidopsis anther. Arabidopsis thaliana MYB80 (formerly MYB103) is expressed in the tapetum and microspores between anther developmental stages 6 and 10. MYB80 encodes a MYB transcription factor that is essential for tapetal and pollen development. Using microarray analysis of anther mRNA, we identified 404 genes differentially expressed in the myb80 mutant. Employing the glucocorticoid receptor system, the expression of 79 genes was changed when MYB80 function was restored in the myb80 mutant following induction by dexamethasone. Thirty-two genes were analyzed using chromatin immunoprecipitation, and three were identified as direct targets of MYB80. The genes encode a glyoxal oxidase (GLOX1), a pectin methylesterase (VANGUARD1), and an A1 aspartic protease (UNDEAD). All three genes are expressed in the tapetum and microspores. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays confirmed that MYB80 binds to all three target promoters, with the preferential binding site containing the CCAACC motif. TUNEL assays showed that when UNDEAD expression was silenced using small interfering RNA, premature tapetal and pollen programmed cell death occurred, resembling the myb80 mutant phenotype. UNDEAD possesses a mitochondrial targeting signal and may hydrolyze an apoptosis-inducing protein(s) in mitochondria. The timing of tapetal programmed cell death is critical for pollen development, and the MYB80/UNDEAD system may regulate that timing.
Energy Management by the Consumer with Photovoltaic Generation: Brazilian Market

The use of small renewable energies to supply the consumers are being increasingly encouraged, mainly by reducing the environmental impacts, the diversity of the energy matrix and the possibility to delay conventional energy transmission and distribution infrastructure expansion. Allied to this, there are government incentives for consumers to adopt this measure of generation. In Brazil, the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) by Normative Resolution 482/2012, encourages the implementation of energy generation (here called micro and mini generation) from renewable sources for their own consumption. The main objective of this work is to illustrate a possible energy management for the consumer side with photovoltaic generation. Thus, the problem can be mathematically modeled as an optimization problem, which allows consumers to manage their energy consumption, according to their priority of use, meeting part of its consumption by photovoltaic generating and also considering different values of energy tariffs. This optimization problem is a linear programming, implemented by a simulator, which is used to analyze scenarios for the consumer and to assist their energy management.
Effects of supervised vs non-supervised combined aerobic and resistance exercise programme on cardiometabolic risk factors.

OBJECTIVE We examined the effect of a 6-month combined aerobic and resistance training programme on cardiometabolic risk factors in nondiabetic subjects and compared its effectiveness when executed under strict professional supervision or without direct supervision. METHODS Eighty-five sedentary, non-diabetic subjects (27 men and 58 women), mean age 47.5 +/- 0.6 years, mean body mass index (BMI, 33.8 +/- 0.6 kg/m2) participated in a combined exercise programme assigned to supervised (S, n = 31), non-supervised (NS, n = 24) or control group (C, n = 30). Cardiometabolic risk parameters were assessed at baseline and after the 6-month training. RESULTS In both the S and NS group there was a significant decrease in BMI (-1.6 +/- 0.3, p < 0.001 and -1.0 +/- 0.3 kg/m2, p = 0.004), waist circumference (-10.1 +/- 1.1 cm, p < 0.001 and -7.8 +/- 0.8 cm, p < 0.001), fat mass (-1.8 +/- 0.4%, p < 0.001 and -2.1 +/- 0.6%, p = 0.003), and a significant increase in fat-free mass (+1.7 +/- 0.4%, p < 0.001 and +2.0 +/- 0.7%, p = 0.008), and aerobic capacity (+6.9 +/- 1.1, p < 0.001 and +6.9 +/- 0.8 ml/kg per min, p = 0.008). Fasting glucose did not change in S and NS, but increased in C (p = 0.048). In the S group a significant decrease in fasting insulin (p < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (p < 0.001), highly sensitive C-reactive protein (p = 0.004), leucocytes count (p = 0.04), systolic high (p < 0.001) and diastolic (p = 0.009) blood pressure was found. Comparable significant decreases in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed in all study groups. CONCLUSIONS A 6-month combined exercise programme led to substantial improvement of various cardiometabolic risk factors. This programme was effective even when executed without direct supervision, although the effects were more pronounced in the supervised group. Our findings suggest that non-supervised exercise programmes may be a valuable, cost-effective tool to translate the current physical activity guidelines in a real-life setting.
Young women's views on teenage motherhood: a possible explanation for the relationship between socio‐economic background and teenage pregnancy outcome?

While teenagers from relatively affluent backgrounds usually abort their pregnancies, those from relatively deprived backgrounds tend to keep theirs. It has been suggested that this situation is due to some form of acceptance of teenage motherhood existing among disadvantaged groups. This theory, however, is still to be established. Two hundred and forty‐eight women (mean age 15.6 years) from diverse social and economic backgrounds completed a questionnaire that gathered information on their lives and views of teenage motherhood. Six discussion groups were then held with selected subgroups of these women in order to explore their views in greater detail. It was evident that most participants viewed teenage motherhood in a predominately negative light, but that women from relatively deprived areas were more likely than their relatively affluent peers to predict they would keep a teenage pregnancy. Possible explanations for this difference are discussed, and the validity of the acceptance theory considered.
Pedagogical Problems in Playing Planetary Politics

This article is an assessment of a simulation designed and reported by Sadow, Jordan, and Sanchez-Navarro (1989) and which is used to teach the art of diplomacy. Three courses using it have been conducted, and through them common problems and decisions have surfaced. This article looks at ways to product a simulation of the highest possible quality, given the goal of modeling correctly the political behavior it is designed to teach —the course Conflict and Diplomacy in the Twentieth Century. The material provides instruction for international political interaction of a highly unstructured nature, which should be the guiding philosophy behind simulations to model it.
Videogames, aggression, and self-esteem: A survey

A survey was administered to 153 sixth through twelfth graders, including items on videogame play plus self-esteem and aggression scales. Teachers also rated the children on self-esteem and aggression. Amount of videogame play was found to correlate with aggression but not with self-esteem. About 4,796 of the sample said some videogames might foster anger or aggression. Results also indicated that boys play videogames more than girls and are more aggressive than girls. Self-esteem and aggression were positively correlated on teacher ratings but negatively on self-ratings.
Optimal Control-Based Adaptive NN Design for a Class of Nonlinear Discrete-Time Block-Triangular Systems

In this paper, we propose an optimal control scheme-based adaptive neural network design for a class of unknown nonlinear discrete-time systems. The controlled systems are in a block-triangular multi-input-multi-output pure-feedback structure, i.e., there are both state and input couplings and nonaffine functions to be included in every equation of each subsystem. The design objective is to provide a control scheme, which not only guarantees the stability of the systems, but also achieves optimal control performance. The main contribution of this paper is that it is for the first time to achieve the optimal performance for such a class of systems. Owing to the interactions among subsystems, making an optimal control signal is a difficult task. The design ideas are that: 1) the systems are transformed into an output predictor form; 2) for the output predictor, the ideal control signal and the strategic utility function can be approximated by using an action network and a critic network, respectively; and 3) an optimal control signal is constructed with the weight update rules to be designed based on a gradient descent method. The stability of the systems can be proved based on the difference Lyapunov method. Finally, a numerical simulation is given to illustrate the performance of the proposed scheme.
Thought and Choice in Chess

What does a chessmaster think when he prepartes his next move? How are his thoughts organized? Which methods and strategies does he use by solving his problem of choice? To answer these questions, the author did an experimental study in 1938, to which famous chessmasters participated (Alekhine, Max Euwe and Flohr). This book is still usefull for everybody who studies cognition and artificial intelligence.
Grounded-Encounter Therapy: A Sociodiagnostic and Sociotherapeutic Approach

provides a framework for the development of approaches for situational change and client growth. GET is a dynamic approach that provides a creative interplay between research, theory, education, and practice that produces knowledge and Grounded explanations for the purpose of application by the sociotherapist, and/or the clients to problems that are social in nature. Encounter establishes the methodological basis of the approach, and Grounding establishes the theoretical and application or intervention basis.
On Using Unsatisfiability for Solving Maximum Satisfiability

Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) is a well-known optimization pro- blem, with several practical applications. The most widely known MAXS AT algorithms are ineffective at solving hard problems instances from practical application domains. Recent work proposed using efficient Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) solvers for solving the MaxSAT problem, based on identifying and eliminating unsatisfiable subformulas. However, these algorithms do not scale in practice. This paper analyzes existing MaxSAT algorithms based on unsatisfiable subformula identification. Moreover, the paper proposes a number of key optimizations to these MaxSAT algorithms and a new alternative algorithm. The proposed optimizations and the new algorithm provide significant performance improvements on MaxSAT instances from practical applications. Moreover, the efficiency of the new generation of unsatisfiability-based MaxSAT solvers becomes effectively indexed to the ability of modern SAT solvers to proving unsatisfiability and identifying unsatisfiable subformulas.
Critical Issues: Examining Constructions of Race in Literacy Research: Beyond Silence and other Oppressions of White Liberalism

In this article, we explore our complicity as white liberal literacy researchers in the social and political dynamics that support continued inequities in school-based literacy success. We focus on social constructions of difference, particularly addressing differences related to race and racism. We begin by reviewing what several noted scholars have said about race, racism, and white liberalism. We describe four deleterious patterns within the tradition of white liberalism, showing how these unwittingly undermine the goals for equity that this group espouses. Next, we use our critique of white liberalism as a basis for critiquing our own practice as literacy researchers. We do this by examining two pieces of our own research. In conclusion, we offer suggestions for literacy research that reflect our review and analysis, and we invite others to contribute to the conversation.
Design of Collaborative Codes Achieving Space-Time Diversity

In wireless networks, the use of collaboration has been shown to provide an increase in reliability due to an increase in diversity. Specifically it has been shown that by having a variable time fraction where the relay(s) listen to the source, one can approach the performance of traditional space-time systems. In this paper, a practically realizable coding scheme is introduced. This scheme provides a framework whereupon we can study and analyze the application of well-known error control codes within this network protocol. Using the pairwise error probability, design criteria are developed. Simulation results show the diversity gain as well as the coding gain of simple collaborative codes versus traditional space-time codes.
Teachers’ Professional Development in a Climate of Educational Reform

This essay posits a problem of fit among five streams of reform and prevailing configurations of teachers’ professional development. It argues that the dominant training-and-coaching model—focused on expanding an individual repertoire of well-defined classroom practice—is not adequate to the conceptions or requirements of teaching embedded in present reform initiatives. Subject matter collaboratives and other emerging alternatives are found to embody six principles that stand up to the complexity of reforms in subject matter teaching, equity, assessment, school organization, and the professionalization of teaching. The principles form criteria for assessing professional development policies and practices.
Human Capital Flows: Using Context-Emergent Turnover (CET) Theory to Explore the Process by Which Turnover, Hiring, and Job Demands Affect Patient Satisfaction

The dynamic systems view of voluntary turnover rates advocated in context-emergent turnover theory is used to explore how and why human capital flows impact unit performance over time. We examine hiring rates and employee transfer rates as distinct system components that work alongside voluntary turnover rates to affect job demands, and ultimately patient satisfaction. Our work explores this dynamic system of interrelated constructs, and explains and compares their mutual causality over time. The sample examined consists of 12 nursing units in a large hospital over 72 monthly observations, with patient satisfaction as the measure of unit performance.
How Selfish Are Self-Expression Values? A Civicness Test

Various analyses of World Values Survey data find a syndrome of emancipative orientations, mostly known as “self-expression values,” on the rise throughout all countries with longitudinal evidence. But, as much as scholarship agrees on the rise of self-expression values, there is disagreement on whether these values are civic or uncivic in character. Some declare self-expression values uncivic because they see them as indicative of egoism and weak social capital. Others consider self-expression values as civic for the opposite reasons. They interpret them as a sign of altruism and strong social capital. Cross-cultural evidence from the World Values Surveys supports the civic view on both accounts. First, in a Schwartz value space, self-expression values are associated with altruism, especially at high levels of self-expression values. Second, in a social capital space, self-expression values go together with trust in people and peaceful collective action. The findings qualify self-expression values as a civic form of modern individualism.
Ecological Aspects of Biomass Removal in the Localities Damaged by Air-Pollution

Removal of above-ground biomass is connected with nutrient exclusion from the forest ecosystem. This aspect is essential mainly in the localities with damage of soil conditions, e.g in the air-polluted areas. Therefore, quantification of possible biomass removal must be based on knowledge of current soil conditions (especially forest floor) under forest stands. We illustrate this problem with the example of the forest stands of substitute tree species, which were established in the Czech Republic on the sites where the declining spruce monocultures could not be replaced by ecologically suitable tree species due to continual air pollution impact and damaged forest soils. One of the most heavily air-polluted areas since the 1960s of the last century is the Krusne hory Mts. (figure 1). The Krusne hory Mountains (synonym: The Ore Mts. or Erzgebirge) are located in Central Europe on the border between the Czech Republic and Saxony, Germany. These mountains are known as an area where air pollution has had a very severe impact (Sramek et al., 2008a). Sulphur dioxide, produced mainly by coal power plants and the chemical industry, caused extensive decline of forests in the upper part of the Krusne hory Mountains during the 1970s and 1980s. Therefore, some new tree species, considered to be more resistant to air pollution, substituted the declining spruce in these areas. The substitute tree species stands occupied in this place about 36% of forest land area, i.e. about 41 thousand hectares. The largest percentage of this area is covered with birch (Betula sp.) and blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) or mixtures of these two species. The third species according to covered area is European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) with more than 6.5 thousand hectares of forest land in the Krusne hory Mts. Nowadays, substitute stands are due to air pollution decrease in good health condition and grow well. Consequently, they are now at the beginning of tree species conversion. and the questions are: Is it possible to remove aboveground biomass for chipping (with respect to their effects of forest environment, especially in these heavily disturbed localities)? Presented chapter focuses on the results from above-ground biomass investigation in the substitute stands of blue spruce, European larch and birch located in the Krusne hory Mts. Study was completed with the results of investigation of quantity and quality of forest-floor (humus) horizons and litter-fall under these stands. Possible nutrient loss after removal above-ground biomass for chipping is discussed.
The Dimensional Structure of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales: Factor Identification and Construct Validity

The present study examined the factor structure underlying the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales and the validity of these dimensions. Confirmatory factor analysis with 6137 nonclinical young adults supported a 2-factor model with positive and negative schizotypy dimensions. As predicted, the schizotypy dimensions were differentially related to psychopathology, personality, and social impairment. Both dimensions were related to schizotypal and paranoid symptoms. Positive schizotypy was uniquely related to psychotic-like experiences, substance abuse, mood disorders, and mental health treatment, whereas negative schizotypy was associated with negative and schizoid symptoms. Both dimensions were associated with poorer overall and social functioning, but negative schizotypy was associated with decreased likelihood of intimate relationships. The findings support the construct validity of a multidimensional model of schizotypy and the use of psychometric inventories to assess these dimensions.