Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lasing Droplets: Highlighting the Liquid-Air Interface by Laser Emission

When dye-doped ethanol droplets are irradiated with an intense pulsed laser beam, the resulting laser emission from individual droplets highlights the liquid-air interface. Photographs of the lasing droplets in the micrometer size range taken in a single 10-nanosecond laser pulse clearly show the dynamic changes in droplet size, shape, and orientation.
MRI development of early white matter signs in cerebellar-type multisystem atrophy

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Building the world-wide community of graphics educators

The fast pace of change in the computer graphics (CG) field makes it difficult for educators to continually design up to date, meaningful and robust curricula that address the full potential of the technology. We feel that the most valuable resource for CG educators is access to an international community of people who teach digital media in all forms. This forum will be a discussion about how we can build that community and how we can provide a method for the people involved to share information.
Inequality in the Built Environment Underlies Key Health Disparities in Physical Activity and Obesity

CONTEXT. Environmental factors are suggested to play a major role in physical activity (PA) and other obesity-related behaviors, yet there is no national research on the relationship between disparity in access to recreational facilities and additional impact on PA and overweight patterns in US adolescents. OBJECTIVE. In a nationally representative cohort, we sought to assess the geographic and social distribution of PA facilities and how disparity in access might underlie population-level PA and overweight patterns. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS. Residential locations of US adolescents in wave I (1994–1995) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 20745) were geocoded, and a 8.05-km buffer around each residence was drawn (N = 42857 census-block groups [19% of US block groups]). PA facilities, measured by national databases and satellite data, were linked with Geographic Information Systems technology to each respondent. Logistic-regression analyses tested the relationship of PA-related facilities with block-group socioeconomic status (SES) (at the community level) and the subsequent association of facilities with overweight and PA (at the individual level), controlling for population density. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES. Outcome measures were overweight (BMI ≥ 95th percentile of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Center for Health Statistics growth curves) and achievement of ≥5 bouts per week of moderate-vigorous PA. RESULTS. Higher-SES block groups had a significantly greater relative odds of having 1 or more facilities. Low-SES and high-minority block groups were less likely to have facilities. Relative to zero facilities per block group, an increasing number of facilities was associated with decreased overweight and increased relative odds of achieving ≥5 bouts per week of moderate-vigorous PA. CONCLUSIONS. Lower-SES and high-minority block groups had reduced access to facilities, which in turn was associated with decreased PA and increased overweight. Inequality in availability of PA facilities may contribute to ethnic and SES disparities in PA and overweight patterns.
Projection matrix decomposition in AR - a study with Access3D

Access3D is an AR application developed for industrial maintenance. An important feature of Access3D is that, in addition to visualization, it allows the user to inquire further information, directly from the AR view through the hyperlinks. In Access3D, we use VRML for visualization, the advantage is the direct database inquiry through the hyperlinks. On the other hand, VRML requires explicit camera parameters for the virtual camera modeling. Explicit camera calibration is often obtained from projection matrix computation (PMC) followed by projection matrix decomposition (PMD). The PMD is known to be numerically bistable, this is a problem of great importance and research interest in computer vision. Different methods, including data normalization have been introduced for finding numerically stable algorithms. Our analysis shows that even if data normalization is applied to the PMC step, a non-favorite distribution of the 3D points may still cause error in the results and numerical instability. This paper provides a look at the numerical instability of PMD from a different point of view.
Large-scale prokaryotic gene prediction and comparison to genome annotation

MOTIVATION Prokaryotic genomes are sequenced and annotated at an increasing rate. The methods of annotation vary between sequencing groups. It makes genome comparison difficult and may lead to propagation of errors when questionable assignments are adapted from one genome to another. Genome comparison either on a large or small scale would be facilitated by using a single standard for annotation, which incorporates a transparency of why an open reading frame (ORF) is considered to be a gene. RESULTS A total of 143 prokaryotic genomes were scored with an updated version of the prokaryotic genefinder EasyGene. Comparison of the GenBank and RefSeq annotations with the EasyGene predictions reveals that in some genomes up to approximately 60% of the genes may have been annotated with a wrong start codon, especially in the GC-rich genomes. The fractional difference between annotated and predicted confirms that too many short genes are annotated in numerous organisms. Furthermore, genes might be missing in the annotation of some of the genomes. We predict 41 of 143 genomes to be over-annotated by >5%, meaning that too many ORFs are annotated as genes. We also predict that 12 of 143 genomes are under-annotated. These results are based on the difference between the number of annotated genes not found by EasyGene and the number of predicted genes that are not annotated in GenBank. We argue that the average performance of our standardized and fully automated method is slightly better than the annotation.
Suicide and the Media

Abstract: Evidence continues to amass on the significant impact of media coverage on suicide. The research literature on the impact of news reports of nonfictional suicides as well as fictional suicide stories is reviewed in order to determine the nature and scope of the influence of the mass media on suicide. The current review, building upon earlier reviews, is limited to English language publications or English translations of articles and/or abstracts. The interactive factors that may moderate the impact of media stories are also reviewed. Such interactive factors include characteristics of the stories (agent), individuals' attributes (host), and social context of the stories (environment). Recommendations are presented for the reporting of suicide stories, which may minimize the risk of imitative suicides. The media's positive role in educating the public about risks for suicide and shaping attitudes about suicide is emphasized. In summary, the existence of suicide contagion no longer needs to be questioned. We should refocus our research efforts on identifying which particular story components promote contagion under which circumstances and which components are useful for preventive programming.
Participation and quality of life outcomes among individuals with earthquake-related physical disability: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE A literature review to evaluate quality of life and participation outcomes of individuals with earthquake-related physical injury. DATA SOURCES A systematic review was performed using National Health Service (NHS) Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL and AMED electronic databases were searched from 1966 to January 2014. STUDY SELECTION Studies that measured quality of life or participation outcomes among individuals who acquired a physical disability as a result of an earthquake injury were included, with no limits on research design. DATA EXTRACTION The search yielded 961 potentially relevant articles after removal of duplicates. Of these, only 8 articles met the inclusion criteria. Studies were rated for quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) guidelines. DATA SYNTHESIS A narrative synthesis was performed due to the heterogeneity of the included studies. RESULTS Injured earthquake survivors in developing countries experience diminished participation and reduced quality of life. Small sample sizes and lack of uniformity in outcome measurement limit generalizability. No studies from developed countries were identified. CONCLUSION To maximize our understanding of quality of life and participation in injured earthquake survivors, future research should consider both the functional consequences of the injury and the environmental impact of the earthquake. The research should be based on representative samples of the injured earthquake survivors and use validated condition-specific outcome measures that are clearly defined within the publications. In addition, research should include all countries that are affected by earthquakes.
Peptide motifs of the single dominantly expressed class I molecule explain the striking MHC-determined response to Rous sarcoma virus in chickens

Compared with the MHC of typical mammals, the chicken MHC is smaller and simpler, with only two class I genes found in the B12 haplotype. We make five points to show that there is a single-dominantly expressed class I molecule that can have a strong effect on MHC function. First, we find only one cDNA for two MHC haplotypes (B14 and B15) and cDNAs corresponding to two genes for the other six (B2, B4, B6, B12, B19, and B21). Second, we find, for the B4, B12, and B15 haplotypes, that one cDNA is at least 10-fold more abundant than the other. Third, we use 2D gel electrophoresis of class I molecules from pulse-labeled cells to show that there is only one heavy chain spot for the B4 and B15 haplotypes, and one major spot for the B12 haplotype. Fourth, we determine the peptide motifs for B4, B12, and B15 cells in detail, including pool sequences and individual peptides, and show that the motifs are consistent with the peptides binding to models of the class I molecule encoded by the abundant cDNA. Finally, having shown for three haplotypes that there is a single dominantly expressed class I molecule at the level of RNA, protein, and antigenic peptide, we show that the motifs can explain the striking MHC-determined resistance and susceptibility to Rous sarcoma virus. These results are consistent with the concept of a “minimal essential MHC” for chickens, in strong contrast to typical mammals.
Haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation for adult acute myeloid leukemia: a position statement from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation

Allogeneic blood or marrow hematopoietic cell transplantation continues to be the most potent anti-leukemic treatment for adult patients with standard, high-risk, or chemo-refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Until recently, this procedure was generally limited to those recipients who had an available matched-sibling donor or matched-unrelated donor. Technical advances in graft cell processing and manipulation, control of bidirectional T cell alloreactivity, graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis, and other supportive measures in haploidentical transplantation now enable nearly all patients with acute myeloid leukemia to benefit from the graft-versus-leukemia effect with substantial reduction in procedure-related mortality. Over recent years, haploidentical donors have been increasingly adopted as a valid donor source in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in the absence of an HLA-matched donor. Among centers of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, the use of haploidentical related donor transplantation has increased by 250% since 2010, and 291% since 2005. On behalf of the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, we summarize recent utilization trends in haploidentical transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia and describe the transformative changes in haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation techniques over the past decade, which have led to the current widespread use of this procedure. Furthermore, we review the efficacy of haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia from available studies, including preliminary comparative studies, and bring attention to remaining unanswered questions and directions for future research. We conclude this report with our recommendations for the role of haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia.
Assessment of variants of LMS algorithms for noise cancellation in low and medium frequency signals

This paper presents a novel approach for Active Noise Cancellation through the technique of Adaptive filtering. In majority applications, algorithm used for practically implementing this concept is LMS (Least Mean Square) Algorithm. The work done here includes testing of LMS algorithm and its variants for Low and Mid Range frequency audio environments. The experimental results demonstrated in this paper are quite beneficial in identification of specific LMS variant corresponding to particular category of signals in terms of application.
Estimation of Systematic Errors of MODIS Thermal Infrared Bands

This letter reports a statistical method to estimate detector-dependent systematic error in Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) thermal infrared (TIR) Bands 20-25 and 27-36. There exist scan-to-scan overlapped pixels in MODIS data. By analyzing a sufficiently large amount of those most overlapped pixels, the systematic error of each detector in the TIR bands can be estimated. The results show that the Aqua MODIS data are generally better than the Terra MODIS data in 160 MODIS TIR detectors. There are no detector-dependent systematic errors in Bands 31 and 32 for both Terra and Aqua MODIS data. The maximum detector errors are 3.00 K in Band 21 of Terra and -8.15 K in that of Aqua for brightness temperatures of more than 250 K
Predicting transformation in follicular lymphoma

The transformation to a more aggressive phase in follicular lymphoma (FL) is clinically marked by rapidly enlarging lymph nodes, development of B-symptoms and often rapidly rising lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and is the most frequent disease-related cause of death in patients with FL. Because of the different definitions and criteria, the incidence of transformation is reported at highly varying levels and can most probably be estimated at a 3% annual risk that remains steady during long follow-up. Several secondary genetic alterations have been associated with transformation leading to a final common result of high proliferation levels and increased metabolism. Mostly, the transformed phase has a morphology of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and more rarely the features reminiscent of Burkitt lymphoma or precursor B-lymphoblastic lymphoma are seen. The risk of transformation may be determined by factors that influence the relative genetic stability of the tumor genome and the relative efficiency at which the mutated clones may be eliminated. The inter-relation of the intrinsic aspects of the tumor cells, the functional composition of the non-malignant microenvironment, and constitutive patient-related properties will determine the individual risk for the transformation in patients with FL.
Adaptive Local Thresholding for Edge Detection

The Edge detection technique plays very important role in computer vision systems. Edges define the boundaries between different regions in an image, which helps in matching the pattern, segment, and recognize an object. In many applications the overall performance of the system depends on the proper detection of the edges such as Text Detection, Shape detection, Finger Print Recognition, Pattern Recognition etc. Hence edge detection is a fundamental aspect of low-level image processing. In this paper, a local threshold based method is proposed to detect the edge of an object. Experimental results suggest that this approach is more efficient in comparison with other traditional techniques like Prewitt, Sobel and Canny Edge detector. In order to test the performance of the proposed technique, twenty five test images have been considered. The experimental results show that the proposed method is better than the conventional techniques.
Uplink performance analysis of a drone cell in a random field of ground interferers

Aerial base stations are a promising technology to increase the capabilities of existing communication networks. However, existing analytical frameworks do not sufficiently characterize the impact of ground interferers on aerial base stations. In order to address this issue, we model the effect of interference coming from coexisting ground networks on the aerial link, which could be the uplink of an aerial cell served by a drone base station. By considering a Poisson field of ground interferers, we characterize aggregate interference experienced by the drone. This result includes the effect of drone antenna pattern, the height-dependent shadowing, and various types of environment. We show that benefits a drone obtains from a better line-of-sight (LoS) at high altitudes is counteracted by a high vulnerability to the interference coming from ground. However, by deriving link coverage probability and transmission rate we show that a drone base station is still a promising technology if the overall system is properly dimensioned according to given density and transmission power of interferers. Particularly, our results illustrate how benefits of such network is maximized by defining the optimal drone altitude and signal-to-interference (SIR) requirement.
A Bimodal Cognitive Architecture: Explorations in Architectural Explanation of Spatial Reasoning

Research in Psychology often involves the building of computational models to test out various theories. The usual approach is to build models using the most convenient tool available. Newell has instead proposed building models within the framework of general-purpose cognitive architectures. One advantage of this approach is that in some cases it is possible to provide more perspicuous explanations of experimental results in different but related tasks, as emerging from an underlying architecture. In this paper, we propose the use of a bimodal cognitive architecture called biSoar in modeling phenomena in spatial representation and reasoning. We show biSoar can provide an architectural explanation for the phenomena of simplification that arises in experiments associated with spatial recall. We build a biSoar model for one such spatial recall task – wayfinding, and discuss the role of the architecture in the emergence of simplification.
Dramatic osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with oral bisphosphonates, periodontitis, and dental implant removal.

INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis affects millions of elderly patients, and anti-resorptive drugs (ARD) such as bisphosphonates (BP) represent the first-line therapy. Despite the benefits related to the use of these medications, osteonecrosis of the jaw is a significant complication in a subset of patients receiving these drugs. CASE PRESENTATION This report documents a case of dramatic bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis associated with periodontitis and dental implant removal in an osteoporotic patient treated with per os bisphosphonates for an uninterrupted period of 15 years. CONCLUSION The aim of this report was to discuss the administration period of BP in the treatment of osteoporosis, the decision-making and clinical management of severe MRONJ and the indications for dental implant placement in these specific patients.
Restoration to normal physiology without the use of excessive fluids.

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