Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From collective oscillation to chimera state in a nonlocally excitable system

Chimera states, which consist of coexisting domains of spatially coherent and incoherent dynamics, have been widely found in nonlocally coupled oscillatory systems. We demonstrate for the first time that chimera states can emerge from excitable systems under nonlocal coupling in which isolated units only allow for the equilibrium. We theoretically reveal that nonlocal coupling induced collective oscillation is behind the occurrence of the chimera states. We find two different types of chimera states, phase-chimera state and excitability-chimera states, depending on the coupling strength. At weak coupling strength where collective oscillation is localized around the unstable homogeneous equilibrium, the chimera states are similar to the ones in nonlocally coupled phase oscillators. For the chimera states at strong coupling strength, the dynamics of both coherent units and incoherent units shift back and forth between low amplitude oscillation induced by collective oscillation and high amplitude oscillation induced by excitability of local units.
Geometric theory of the natural optical activity in noncentrosymmetric metals

This is a PhD dissertation. Ignited by the chiral anomaly of recently discovered Weyl (semi-)metals, we study the chiral magnetic effect and the natural optical activity of noncentrosymmetric metals. Both phenomena are related to the linear-in-$\mathbf{q}$ spatial dispersion of the optical conductivity tensor, and can be calculated within the formalism of the semiclassical kinetic equation. Therefore, we calculate the dispersion of optical conductivity up to the linear order of the wave vector, in the low frequency regime, with both the semiclassical Boltzmann equation and the Kubo formula. The two different methods of calculation provide us the same result. In this result, the static and dynamic chiral magnetic effects are revealed to have different origin: one comes from topology, related to Berry monopoles, and the other has a geometric origin, which is determined by the orbital magnetic moment. The Faraday rotation of the polarization of light transmitted through a slab of the sample provides us the most direct way to measure the magnitude of dynamic chiral magnetic effect. We develop an effective medium theory for electromagnetic wave propagating through gapless nonuniform systems, to calculate macroscopic sample inhomogeneities induced corrections to the chiral magnetic conductivity. We show that, in metals with low carrier density, the way in which macroscopic fluctuations of the local conductivity affect the frequency dependent of the measured optical polarization rotation angle: by creating a sharp feature near the plasma edge, which can be detected by experiments. Then we narrow down our research a bit further to the current induced magnetization.
First quantum corrections for a hydrodynamics of a nonideal Bose gas

In the paper we consider a hydrodynamical description of a nonideal Bose gas in one-loop approximation. We calculate an eﬀective action which consists of mean ﬁeld contributions and ﬁrst quantum correction . This provides the equations of motion for the density and velocity of the gas where both mean ﬁeld contributions and ﬂuctuations are presented. To fulﬁll the calculation we make use of the formalism of functional integrals to map the problem to a problem of quantum gravity to beneﬁt from a well-developed technique in this ﬁeld. This eﬀective action provides all correlation functions for the system and is a basis for a consideration of dynamics of the gas. Response functions are brieﬂy discussed. Applications to the trapped bosons are reviewed. Together with Ref. [9] the paper provide complete description of the condensate fraction and the deplition in the case of Bose condensed gases.
Hybrid Post-Quantum TLS formal specification in Maude-NPA - toward its security analysis

This paper presents a formal speci � cation of the Hybrid Post-Quantum TLS protocol in Maude-NPA, toward a security analysis of the protocol, where Hybrid Post-Quantum TLS is a quantum-resistant version of TLS proposed by AWS as a preparation against future attacks from quantum computers. The proposed protocol uses a hybrid key exchange mode: one is a classical key exchange algorithm and the other is a post-quantum key encapsulation mechanism. One of our assumptions about the intruder’s capabilities is that the intruder can break the security of the classical key exchange algorithm by utilizing the power of large-scale quantum computers. In the present paper, we focus on presenting how to formally specify the protocol in Maude-NPA, which is a well-known tool for analyzing the security of cryptographic protocols, so that later on we can conduct the formal analysis of the protocol with some security properties.
A spectroscopic study of southern (candidate) gamma Doradus stars. I. Time series analysis

Laboratoire Univ. d’Astroph. de Nice (LUAN), UMR 6525, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 02, FranceReceived 18 June 2005 / Accepted 27 October 2005Abstract. We present results of a spectroscopic study of 37 southern (candidate) γ Doradus stars based on ´echellespectra. The observed spectra were cross-correlated with the standard template spectrum of an F0-type star foran easier detection of binary and intrinsic variations. We identiﬁed 15 objects as spectroscopic binaries, including7 new ones, and another 3 objects are binary suspects. At least 12 objects show composite spectra. We coulddetermine the orbital parameters for 9 binaries, of which 4 turn out to be ellipsoidal variables. For 6 binaries, weestimated the expected time-base of the orbital variations. Clear proﬁle variations are observed for 17 objects,pointing towards stellar pulsation. For 8 of them, we have evidence that the main spectroscopic and photometricperiods coincide. Our results, in combination with prior knowledge from the literature, lead to the classiﬁcationof 10 objects as new bona-ﬁde γ Doradus stars, 1 object as new bona-ﬁde δ Scuti star, and 8 objects as constantstars. Finally, we determined the projected rotational velocity with two independent methods. The resulting vsinivalues range from 3 to 135 km s
Associated Absorption Lines in the Radio-loud Quasar 3C 351: Far-Ultraviolet Echelle Spectroscopy from the Hubble Space Telescope

As one of the most luminous radio-loud quasars showing intrinsic ultraviolet (UV) and X-ray absorption, 3C 351 provides a laboratory for studying the kinematics and physical conditions of such ionized absorbers. We present an analysis of the intrinsic absorption lines in the high-resolution (~7 km s-1) far-UV spectrum that was obtained from observations with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope. The spectrum spans wavelengths from 1150 to 1710 Å and shows strong emission lines from O VI and Lyα. Associated absorption lines are present on the blue wings of the high-ionization emission doublets O VI λλ1032, 1038 and N V λλ1238, 1242, as well as the Lyman lines through Lyϵ. These intrinsic absorption features are resolved into several distinct kinematic components, covering rest-frame velocities from -40 to -2800 km s-1, with respect to the systemic redshift of zem = 0.3721. For the majority of these absorption-line regions, strong evidence of partial covering of both the background continuum source and the broad emission line region is found, which supports the intrinsic absorption origin and rules out the possibility that the absorption arises in some associated cluster of galaxies. The relationship between the far-UV absorbers and X-ray "warm" absorbers is studied with the assistance of photoionization models. Most of the UV-associated absorption components have low values of the ionization parameter and total hydrogen column densities, which is inconsistent with previous claims that the UV and X-ray absorption arises in the same material. Analysis of these components supports a picture with a wide range of ionization parameters, temperatures, and column densities in active galactic nucleus outflows.
A New Species of Pentaloculum (Cestoda: “Tetraphyllidea”) from the Taiwan Saddled Carpetshark, Cirrhoscyllium formosanum (Orectolobiformes: Parascylliidae)

ABSTRACT Collection of cestodes from the Taiwan saddled carpetshark, Cirrhoscyllium formosanum, for the first time led to the discovery of Pentaloculum hoi n. sp. This species provided important insights into the identity of the heretofore monotypic Pentaloculum—known previously only from the blind electric ray, Typhlonarke aysoni, in New Zealand. The new species differs from Pentaloculum macrocephalum in testis number, vitelline follicle and cirrus sac configuration, and in that it is hyperapolytic rather than euapolytic. Maximum-likelihood analysis of sequence data generated for the D1–D3 region of the 28S rDNA gene not only confirmed this generic placement but also confirmed the close affinities between both species of Pentaloculum and specimens previously referred to in the literature as new genus 7 n. sp. 1. Examination of limited material of the latter, including that of a second specimen from which partial 28S rDNA sequence data were generated here, led to the realization that new genus 7 n. sp. 1 represents an undescribed species of Pentaloculum, referred to here as Pentaloculum n. sp. 2. All 3 species share bothridia divided into 1 anterior and 2 consecutive pairs of loculi. Given that Pentaloculum n. sp. 2 parasitizes a member of the second and only other genus of parascylliid sharks (i.e., Parascyllium), we predict that the 4 other species of Parascyllium and the 2 other species of Cirrhoscyllium are likely to host other species of Pentaloculum. The factors that might account for the eclectic host associations of Pentaloculum, which include a torpediniform ray and 2 species of orectilobiform sharks, are currently unclear. The compilation of diet data for these elasmobranchs and determination of the final intermediate hosts for these cestodes would be interesting avenues of further investigation given that cestodes are trophically transmitted between their intermediate and definitive hosts. The phylogenetic affinities of Pentaloculum among elasmobranch cestodes remain unresolved.
Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON): Science, Infrastructure, and Status

The realization of multimessenger astrophysics will open new vistas upon the most energetic events in the universe. Messenger particles of all four of nature's fundamental forces, recorded by detectors on the ground and satellites in space, enable coincidence searches for multimessenger phenomena that will allow us to discover, observe, and explore these sources. The Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON) links multiple high-energy neutrino, cosmic ray, and gamma-ray observatories as well as gravitational wave facilities into a single virtual system, enabling near real-time coincidence searches for multimessenger astrophysical transients and their electromagnetic counterparts, and providing alerts to follow-up observatories. The science case, design elements, partner observatories, and status of the AMON project are presented, followed by recent results from AMON real-time and archival analyses.
A scale-separated approach for studying coupled ion and electron scale turbulence

Multiple space and time scales arise in plasma turbulence in magnetic confinement fusion devices because of the smallness of the square root of the electron-to-ion mass ratio m e / m i 1 / 2 and the consequent disparity of the ion and electron thermal gyroradii and thermal speeds. Direct simulations of this turbulence that include both ion and electron space–time scales indicate that there can be significant interactions between the two scales. The extreme computational expense and complexity of these direct simulations motivates the desire for reduced treatment. By exploiting the scale-separation between ion scales (IS) and electron scales (ES), and expanding the gyrokinetic equations for the turbulence in m e / m i 1 / 2 , we derive such a reduced system of gyrokinetic equations that describes cross-scale interactions. The coupled gyrokinetic equations contain novel terms which provide candidate mechanisms for the observed cross-scale interaction. The ES turbulence experiences a modified drive due to gradients in the IS distribution function, and is advected by the IS E × B drift, which varies in the direction parallel to the magnetic field line. The largest possible cross-scale term in the IS equations is sub-dominant in our m e / m i 1 / 2 expansion. Hence, in our model the IS turbulence evolves independently of the ES turbulence. To complete the scale-separated approach, we provide and justify a parallel boundary condition for the coupled gyrokinetic equations in axisymmetric equilibria based on the standard ‘twist-and-shift’ boundary condition. This approach allows one to simulate multi-scale turbulence using ES flux tubes nested within an IS flux tube.
Chiral crystal in cold QCD matter at intermediate densities

The analogue of Overhauser (particle-hole) pairing in electronic systems (spin-density waves with non-zero total momentum Q) is analyzed in finite-density QCD for 3 colors and 2 flavors, and compared to the color-superconducting BCS ground state (particle-particle pairing, Q=0). The calculations are based on effective nonperturbative four-fermion interactions acting in both the scalar diquark as well as the scalar-isoscalar quark-hole (''{sigma}'') channel. Within the Nambu-Gorkov formalism we set up the coupled channel problem, including multiple chiral density wave formation, and evaluate the resulting gaps and free energies. Employing medium-modified instanton-induced 't Hooft interactions, as applicable around {mu}{sub q}{approx_equal}0.4GeV (or 4 times nuclear saturation density), we find the ''chiral crystal phase'' to be competitive with the color superconductor.
A Circumbinary Disk Scenario for the Negative Orbital-period Derivative of the Ultra-compact X-Ray Binary 4U 1820-303

It is generally thought that an ultra-compact X-ray Binary is composed of a neutron star and a helium white dwarf donor star. As one of the most compact binaries, 4U 1820-303 in globular cluster NGC 6624 was predicted to have an orbital period of yr−1 if the mass transfer is fully driven by gravitational radiation. However, recent analysis of 16 year data from Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and other historical records has yielded a negative orbital-period derivative in the past 35 years. In this work, we propose an evolutionary circumbinary (CB) disk model to account for this anomalous orbital-period derivative. 4U 1820-30 is known to undergo superburst events caused by runaway thermal nuclear burning on the neutron star. We assume that, for a small fraction of the superbursts, part of the ejected material may form a CB disk around the binary. If the recurrence time of such superbursts is ∼10,000 year and ∼10% of the ejected mass feeds a CB disk, the abrupt angular-momentum loss causes a temporary orbital shrink, and the donor’s radius and its Roche lobe radius do not keep in step. Driven by mass transfer and angular-momentum loss, the binary would adjust its orbital parameters to recover a new stable stage. Based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, we find that the required feed mass at the CB disk is approximately ∼10−8 M⊙.
Growing Supermassive Black Holes in Cosmological Simulations of Structure Formation

Abstract We discuss a numerical model for black hole (BH) growth and feedback that allows simultaneous tracking of the evolution of galaxies and their central BHs in fully cosmological simulations. After describing the main features of the numerical model adopted, we show how BHs in these simulations affect the properties of their host halos and how this in turn impacts the growth of the BHs themselves. We also present results from a set of simulations specifically designed to address the issue of BH assembly in the early Universe and discuss whether or not different extensions of the model, in particular rapidly spinning BHs and gravitational recoils, can hamper the formation of the first bright quasars.
The HectoMAP Cluster Survey. I. redMaPPer Clusters

We use the dense HectoMAP redshift survey to explore the properties of 104 redMaPPer cluster candidates. The redMaPPer systems in HectoMAP cover the full range of richness and redshift (0.08 < z < 0.60). Fifteen of the systems included in the Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam public data release are bona fide clusters. The median number of spectroscopic members per cluster is ∼20. We include redshifts of 3547 member candidates listed in the redMaPPer catalog whether they are cluster members or not. We evaluate the redMaPPer membership probability spectroscopically. The purity (number of real systems) in redMaPPer exceeds 90% even at the lowest richness. Three massive galaxy clusters (M ∼ 2 × 1013 M⊙) associated with X-ray emission in the HectoMAP region are not included in the public redMaPPer catalog with λrich > 20, because they lie outside the cuts for this catalog.
Potential Forensic Application of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) as a Novel Biomarker for Estimating Postmortem Interval

Studies which estimate the postmortem interval (PMI) based on diatoms or bacterial communities have been well‐conducted. However, predicting the PMI based on microorganisms has limited accuracy. The objective of this study was to discover specific biomarkers for estimating the PMI for drowning. The in vivo experimental model consisted of rats classified into nine groups (seven drowned groups from Day 1 to Day 7 and two control groups). Their lung tissues were analyzed for the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) mRNA expression determined by qRT‐PCR. RAGE protein levels were determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. RAGE mRNA and protein levels gradually degraded over time. Immunostaining analysis revealed that RAGE in the Day 1 sample was significantly higher than that in the Day 6 or Day 7 samples. These results indicate that RAGE in drowned lungs could be a potential biomarker for the determination of the PMI after drowning.
Age-Related Composition of BMI and Body Composition Based on Fujimmon’s Growth Curve

1. Abstract The pubertal peak in body fat percentage was estimated and its relationship with menarche was previously investigated in regard to changes with age in BMI. However, there are no direct findings on age-related changes in body fat percentage and muscle percentage. In this study, wavelet interpolation model was applied to the values for muscle percentage, body fat percentage, and age-related change in BMI. Then, to compare the age-related change curves of muscle percentage and body fat volume with the described age-re-lated curve of BMI, a cross correlation function was applied and the similarities and dissimilarities between BMI, muscle percentage, and body fat percentage were investigated. Moreover, their dependence on Fujimmon’s growth curve was investigated. The results were judged from three growth patterns based on Fujimmon growth curves. Muscle
Frequency domain evaluation of circle criterion, Popov criterion and off-axis circle criterion in the MIMO case

Many control applications can be described as non-linear feedback systems whose stability properties can, for example, be analysed with the circle criterion, the Popov criterion or the off-axis circle criterion. In the SISO case these sector criteria became very popular because of their simple graphic interpretations; the criteria's significance for multivariable feedback systems remained rather poor since there are almost no practicable ways to evaluate them. In this paper the MIMO versions of the three stability criteria are derived using Popov's theory of hyperstability. The main contribution is the presentation of new methods for a frequency domain evaluation of the sector criteria in the multivariable case. The new methods are based on graphic elements: the 'positivity curves'.
Harnessing Mesorhizobial inoculants on the grain legume Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L .) in Ethiopia and contributions to promoting plant growth: Review

Chickpea is an important legume that serves as a vital source of nutrition in many regions of Ethiopia and sustain cropping system productivity due to its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. Legumes such as chickpea possess seeds with high protein content therefore, require high supply of nitrogen. To realize this requirement, the crop embraces nodule on its root where bacteria of the genus Mesorhizobium live with a specific function of converting the atmospheric nitrogen into plant available form called biological nitrogen fixation. However, the potential of the crop to accomplished the current demand of nitrogen for poor soils is limited by its association with symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria, poor understanding of the relationship between strain diversity and symbiotic performance. Therefore, the present review will be used as a baseline to understand Ethiopian chickpea Mesorhizobium genetic resources for better symbiotic nitrogen fixation in chickpea. Moreover, it allows to supporting research efforts to select efficient rhizobial inoculants in nutrient management for increasing the production and productivity of chickpea as well as maintaining soil health and to solve the future problems.
This in an electronic reprint of the original article ( final draft ).

The economic growth of Finland and the well-being of Finnish society are heavily based on entrepreneurship. Hence, it is important to foster entrepreneurial intentions among students in higher education. Entrepreneurial intentions have been extensively studied in entrepreneurship research for the past twenty years, and most research applies Ajzen’s (1991) Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in the context of entrepreneurial intentions. However, there remains a demand for research: studies employing the full TPB model are rare, and the biggest research gap lies in longitudinal settings. This article contributes to entrepreneurial intention research by examining the TPB model in a longitudinal follow-up of the same individuals from a point during their university studies, to between one and four years after graduation. In addition, the impact of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intentions requires more research and longitudinal settings. My article contributes to this research by examining the long-term effect of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intentions as illustrated by Finnish students in higher education. The objectives of this study are as follows: 1) to examine the long-term effect of attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and the subjective norm on entrepreneurial intentions, and 2) to examine the long-term effect of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intentions after graduation. The data for this research were gathered from Finnish students in higher education over the period from 2008 to 2013. The results suggest that attitudes to an entrepreneurial career have explanatory power that is retained with time. Attitudes measured during the period of higher education explained entrepreneurial intentions even two to four years after graduation. Interestingly, the results show that entrepreneurial education has a long-term effect on entrepreneurial intentions among Finnish students in higher education.