Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DP RIETI Discussion Paper Series 13E-055 Existence and Uniqueness of Equilibrium for a Spatial Model of Social Interactions

We extend Beckmann's spatial model of social interactions to the case of a two-dimensional spatial economy involving a large class of utility functions, accessing costs, and space-dependent amenities. We show that spatial equilibria derive from a potential functional. By proving the existence of a minimiser of the functional, we obtain that of spatial equilibrium. Under mild conditions on the primitives of the economy, the functional is shown to satisfy displacement convexity, a concept used in the theory of optimal transportation. This provides a variational characterisation of spatial equilibria. Moreover, the strict displacement convexity of the functional ensures the uniqueness of spatial equilibrium. Also, the spatial symmetry of equilibrium is derived from that of the spatial primitives of the economy. Several examples illustrate the scope of our results. In particular, the emergence of multiplicity of equilibria in the circular economy is interpreted as a lack of convexity of the problem.
PENERAPAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (GCG) DI LEMBAGA PERBANKAN SYARIAH

Tulisan ini membahas kondisi tata kelola perusahaan yang buruk akan menyebabkan tidak terjadinya peningkatan nilai (value added) dan kinerja (performance) korporasi yang maksimal serta kurangnya pemahaman para karyawan tentang Good Corporate Governance (GCG) sesuai Prinsip Syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan prinsip-prinsip GCG pada Perbankan Syariah yaitu Transparansi, Akuntabilitas, Pertanggungjawaban, Profesional dan Kewajaran yang dapat dipahami perusahaan dan karyawan agar dapat mencapai tujuan perusahaan atau perbankan syariah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diterapkannya Good Corporate Governance (GCG) di Indonesia sangat penting untuk menunjang pertumbuhan dan stabilitas ekonomi yang berkesinambungan bagi Bank untuk dapat selalu menjaga kinerjanya dengan baik terutama tingkat profitabilitasnya yang tinggi dan mampu membagikan deviden dengan baik serta prospek usahanya dapat selalu berkembang dan dapat memenuhi ketentuan prudential banking regulation dengan baik, maka memberikan kenyamanan dan aman para nasabah dan investor dalam berinvestasi dalam perbankan syariah.
Anisotropic MoS 2 nanosheets grown on self-organized nanopatterned substrates

macro-and the nano-scale. In particular, strongly anisotropic phonon modes are observed depending on the polarization orientation with respect to the ripple axis. Moreover, the rippled morphology induces localization of strain and charge doping at the nanoscale, thus causing substantial red shifts of the phonon mode frequencies and a topography-dependent modulation of the MoS 2 workfunction, respectively. Our study paves the way to a controllable tuning of the anisotropy via substrate pattern engineering in CVD-grown two-dimensional nanosheets.
Baseline survey of Tamar Estuary shoreline banks

As part of an interdisciplinary study investigating the potential impacts of the widescale eradication of Spartina anglica (Rice Grass), an intertidal surveying program has been established to enable the assessment of the morphology and stability of Spartina marshes throughout the Tamar Estuary, Tasmania. Erosional scarps have developed in the past few years, on the outer margins of marshes and in high water banks, indicating that sediment banks are retreating. This gives downstream consequences of increased turbidity in the water column, and perhaps re-deposition of sediment elsewhere. The primary objective of this report is to provide baseline data and to facilitate the continuation of the Tamar Estuary intertidal surveying program, which will provide an understanding of the medium and long term process acting on intertidal banks, and allow for the timely implementation of appropriate management strategies. This report provides details of the methodology used in this baseline survey as well as maps to assist in the location of survey benchmarks for future maintenance and resurveying. Baseline survey profiles are also detailed to show the type of information that can be obtained. General comments and recommendations on major findings are briefly discussed. Results show that two main marsh morphologies exist within the Tamar Estuary, differentiated from each other by edge type and the extent of vertical development. Outer margins of marshes in the upper estuary are most susceptible to erosional processes. Retreat of the outer edge of Spartina marshes has accelerated in the past 17 years, most likely resulting from an increase in recreational boating in the Tamar Estuary and possible changes in climatic conditions such as increased incidences of extreme weather events. Erosion of high water banks both landward of Spartina marshes and where marshes are absent is also of concern. Erosion of these landforms is likely to be contributed to by, if not caused by non-marine erosional processes such as groundwater ‘sapping’. Detailed geomorphologic assessment of these landforms and associate erosional processes is required to enable appropriate future management. Cross-sectional profiles facilitate the assessment of the long-term stability of marshes. It is recommended that the profiles be re-measured every five years to allow quantification of long term change in marsh morphology and stability, to provide to appropriate management objectives.
International Journal of Education Humanities and Social Science

This study seeks to describe the discourse structures when Swazi English as Second Language (ESL) Grade 3 students produce English oral and written narratives. The third graders were typically developing children (TD) and were asked to perform two language tasks. They had to speak and write in English based on a less used wordless cartoon entitled “The boy who learned to fly, Usain Bolt”. ELAN software was used to transcribe and code samples of oral language. The findings were that, both oral and written narrative discourse production had similar narrative structures. However, the differences emanated from the linguistic structures. The written narrative discourse productions were compressed, laden with ungrammatical language and phonetic spelling while oral narrative discourse productions were long, used code-switching, direct speech, contractions, and repairs. Furthermore, the differences in the linguistic discourse structures have a great connection with the students’ varying achievement levels. The implications of these results are that language practitioners/instructors need to help language learners get acquainted with language used in the spoken and written modalities, particularly the middle and lower achievement categories. This could be achieved by focusing their teaching on language forms and provide the learners with proper contexts in which these modes can be used appropriately in English language for academic success.
Do Assessments of Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness In�uence Subsequent Reported Physical Activity? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Clinicians strive to motivate healthy lifestyle behaviors such as exercise. Cardiorespiratory �tness (CRF) and muscular strength are important for good health and their measurement could potentially provide motivation to exercise. We investigated if measurements of CRF and muscular �tness (MF) would in�uence subsequent self-reported physical activity. Volunteer subjects at a State Fair were randomized in 1:1 parallel fashion to control and intervention groups. The baseline Exercise Vital Sign (EVS) and type of physical activity were obtained from all subjects. The intervention group received estimated maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) using a step test and muscular strength using a hand grip dynamometer with age-speci�c norms for both measurements. All subjects were provided exercise recommendations and follow up surveys during the following year regarding their EVS and physical activity.
Articular inflammation is controlled by myeloid cell-derived interleukin 1 receptor antagonist during the acute phase of arthritis in mice

Objectives To define the cell type (myeloid vs other cells) specific effect of interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) deficiency on the acute inflammatory phase of arthritis. Methods Arthritis was induced by K/BxN serum transfer in wild-type (WT), IL-1Ra-deficient (IL-1Ra−/−) and conditional knockout mice. In the latter, IL-1Ra production was specifically targeted in myeloid cells (IL-1RaΔM) or in both hepatocytes and myeloid cells (IL-1RaΔH+M). Arthritis severity was clinically evaluated and ankle sections were scored for synovial inflammation and cartilage erosion. Quantitative RT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemical analyses measured expression, localisation and cellular sources of the different IL-1Ra isoforms in arthritic joints. Results Total and myeloid cell-specific IL-1Ra deficiency was associated with increased arthritis severity, although disease incidence was similar to that of WT mice. Increased clinical scores were associated with exacerbated synovial inflammation. All IL-1Ra isoforms, except for intracellular (ic)IL-1Ra2, were expressed in arthritic joints of WT mice. In contrast, production of secreted (s)IL-1Ra and icIL-1Ra3 isoforms was markedly decreased in arthritic joints of both IL-1RaΔM and IL-1RaΔH+M mice. Immunohistochemical and western blot analyses suggested that the icIL-1Ra1 isoform is produced primarily by synovial fibroblasts. Conclusion Myeloid cell-derived IL-1Ra, including both sIL-1Ra and icIL-1Ra3 isoforms, controls articular inflammation during the acute phase of K/BxN serum transfer-induced arthritis.
Modelling Firm Innovation using Panel Probit Estimators

Firm-level innovation is investigated using three probit panel estimators, which control for unobserved heterogeneity, and a standard probit estimator. Results indicate the standard probit model is misspecified and that inter-firm networks are important for innovation. and Victorian Department of State Developm ent. The view s expressed in this pap er represent those of the authors and not the view s of the collaborative partners.
United Nations Peacekeeping in Africa Since 1960

Acknowledgements. Abbreviations and Acronyms. 1 The Setting: the History, Politics and Law of United Nations Engagement with Africa. 2 Patrolling the Ethnic Frontier: Central Africa. 3 Managing Delayed Decolonization: Southern Africa. 4 Controlling the Warlords: West Africa. 5 Reconstructing and Defining the Post-Cold War State: The Horn of Africa. 6 Making Borders: Trans-Saharan Africa. 7 Conclusions: 'Firing into a Continent' - or Making a Difference? Bibliography and Further Reading. Appendix I Chronology. Appendix II UN Peacekeeping Operations in Africa. Maps.
A framework for information quality assessment

One of the main components in information quality (IQ) assurance is an IQ measurement model design and operationalization. One cannot manage IQ without first being able to measure it meaningfully and establishing a causal connection between the source of IQ change, the IQ problem types, the types of activities affected, and their implications. A better understanding is needed of the roots of IQ change through the development of a systematic, predictive, reusable IQ assessment framework. The framework should enable effective IQ reasoning through the disambiguation of IQ problem sources, and through the rapid and inexpensive development of context-specific IQ measurement models. Here we propose a general IQ assessment framework. In contrast to context-specific IQ assessment models, which usually focus on a few variables determined by local needs, our framework consists of comprehensive typologies of IQ problems, related activities, and a taxonomy of IQ dimensions organized in a systematic way based on sound theories and practices. The framework can be used as a knowledge resource and as a guide for developing IQ measurement models for many different settings. The framework was validated and refined by developing specific IQ measurement models for two large-scale collections of two large classes of information objects: Simple Dublin Core records and online encyclopedia articles. Some of the results of the collection-specific operationalization of the framework are reported.
Antimicrobial , Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity of Marine Streptomyces MS-60 Isolated from Bay of Bengal

The main aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of crude extract of Marine Streptomyces species isolated from soil of Chennai coast, Tamilnadu. Primary and Secondary screening for antimicrobial activity was determined by Cross streak method and Agar well diffusion method respectively. Gram positive bacteria were found most sensitive to the actinomycetes isolate MS-60 in both primary and secondary screening. The actinomycete isolate was identified as a species of the genus Streptomyces on the basis of microscopic and biochemical characteristics. The compounds present within the crude extract of Marine Streptomyces MS-60 showed maximum antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans(34mm), and minimum activity against Klebsiella pneumonia(13 mm). Antioxidant activity of the crude extract of MS-60 was tested by 1, 1-Diphenyl-pircrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and it exhibit potent scavenging activity at (Ic5012 μg/ml). The anticancer activity of the secondary metabolite of actinomycetes was evaluated on HT-29 (Human colon cancer cell) line by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay on Human colon cancer cell line [HT-29] revealed that the secondary metabolite had the strongest cytotoxicity with Ic5026. 5μg/ml.
Aalborg Universitet Real-Time Acquisition of High Quality Face Sequences from an Active Pan-Tilt-Zoom Camera

General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain ? You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us at vbn@aub.aau. dk providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Abstract Traditional still camera-based facial image acquisition systems in surveillance applications produce low quality face images. This is mainly due to the distance between the camera and subjects of interest. Furthermore, people in such videos usually move around, change their head poses, and facial expressions. Moreover, the imaging conditions like illumination, occlusion, and noise may change. These all aggregate the quality of most of the detected face images in terms of measures like resolution, pose, brightness, and sharpness. To deal with these problems this paper presents an active camera-based real-time high-quality face image acquisition system, which utilizes pan-tilt-zoom parameters of a camera to focus on a human face in a scene and employs a face quality assessment method to log the best quality faces from the captured frames. The system consists of four modules: face detection, camera control, face tracking, and face quality assessment before logging. Experimental results show that the proposed system can effectively log the high quality faces from the active camera in real-time (an average of 61.74ms was spent per frame) with an accuracy of 85.27% compared to human annotated data.
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for One-stage Object Detector using Offsets to Bounding Box

Most existing domain adaptive object detection methods exploit adversarial feature alignment to adapt the model to a new domain. Recent advances in adversarial feature alignment strives to reduce the negative effect of alignment, or negative transfer, that occurs because the distribution of features varies depending on the category of objects. However, by analyzing the features of the anchor-free one-stage detector, in this paper, we find that negative transfer may occur because the feature distribution varies depending on the regression value for the offset to the bounding box as well as the category. To obtain domain invariance by addressing this issue, we align the feature conditioned on the offset value, considering the modality of the feature distribution. With a very simple and effective conditioning method, we propose OADA (Offset-Aware Domain Adaptive object detector) that achieves state-of-the-art performances in various experimental settings. In addition, by analyzing through singular value decomposition, we find that our model enhances both discriminability and transferability.
Glaciers and Glaciation

Glaciers and Glaciation is the classic textbook for all students of glaciation. Stimulating and accessible, it has established a reputation as a comprehensive and essential resource. In this new edition, the text, references, and illustrations have been thoroughly updated to give today's reader an up-to-the minute overview of the nature, origin, and behavior of glaciers and the geological and geomorphological evidence for their past history on earth. The first part of the book investigates the processes involved in forming glacier ice, the nature of glacier/climate relationships, the mechanisms of glacier flow, and the interactions of glaciers with other natural systems such as rivers, lakes, and oceans. In the second part, the emphasis moves to landforms and sediment, the interpretation of the earth's glacial legacy, and the reconstruction of glacial depositional environments and palaeoglaciology.
On Distinctiveness and Symmetry in Ear Biometrics

In this procedure, a gender categorization and authentication system have been implemented using ear biometrics. A lot of real-world applications need for the ability to recognise people and categorise them as male or female. The fundamental reference point for identifying a person has been thought to be the earhole. In order to determine the relative distances (Euclidean distance) amongst the ear identifying spots (ear features) and the ear hole, the features are taken. The outer lobe edge, the outer and inner curves of the helix, along with edges are taken into consideration. For the categorization, we used a dataset with both male and female participants. The major goal of this technique is to identify a person and determine their gender using a photograph of their ears.Moreover, to increase the process' accuracy and decrease the ear region's feature mismatching
Integration of Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) and 3D GIS for recording and managing cultural heritage sites

This paper outlines a two stage approach for digitally recording cultural heritage sites. This approach involves a 3D modeling stage and the integration of the 3D model into a 3D GIS for further management and analysis. The modeling stage is carried out using a new concept; Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) which has been developed at the Dublin Institute of Technology [12]. Historic Building Information Modeling is a system for modeling historic structures from laser scan and photogrammetric data using Building Information Modeling (BIM) software. The HBIM process involves a reverse engineering solution whereby parametric objects representing architectural elements are mapped onto laser scan or photogrammetric survey data. A library of parametric architectural objects has been designed from historic manuscripts and architectural pattern books. These parametric objects were built using an embedded scripting language within the BIM software called Geometric Descriptive Language (GDL). These objects are combined and mapped onto the survey data to build the entire model. After the 3D model has been created the next stage involves integrating the 3D model into a 3D GIS for further analysis. The international framework for 3D city modeling, CityGML has been adopted for this purpose. CityGML provides an interoperable framework for modeling 3D geometries, semantics, topology and appearance properties [13]. The aim of this research is to bridge the gap between parametric CAD modeling and 3D GIS while using benefits from both systems to help document and analyze cultural heritage sites.
Shorter Periconception Maternal Telomere Length and the Risk of Congenital Cardiac Outflow Defects in the Offspring: a case control study

Objective: Congenital cardiac outflow defects (COD) are the largest group of congenital heart defects, with ventricular septal defect (VSD) as the most prevalent phenotype. Increased maternal age, excessive oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathophysiology and enhance telomere length (TL) shortening. We aim to study the association between periconception maternal TL, as future predictive biomarker, and the risk of having a child with COD. Design: HAVEN-study, a multicenter case-control triad study conducted in the Netherlands. Setting and population: 306 case mothers of a child with COD and 424 control mothers of a child without a congenital malformation were selected. Methods: TL was estimated, on DNA from venous blood samples, by qPCR. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compute crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) per standard deviation (SD) decrease between maternal T/S ratio and COD and VSD risk. Main outcome measures: The risk of COD in offspring. Results: A significant association was shown between maternal TL shortening (per standard deviation) and a 29% increased risk of VSD in offspring (OR 1.29(95% CI 1.04-1.61), P= 0,02), which remained significant after additional adjustment for maternal age (adjOR 1.25(95% CI 1.01-1.55), P= 0,04). No association between maternal TL and the risk of overall COD in offspring was observed. Conclusion: Shortening of maternal TL, due to maternal conditions including age, is associated with an approximately 1.3-fold increased risk, per SD in TL-shortening, of VSD in the offspring. These findings need further confirmation in other studies on the predictive value of maternal TL.
Newly identified lineages of porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus exhibit respiratory phenotype

Abstract Swine pathogens have a long history of zoonotic transmission to humans, occasionally leading to sustained outbreaks or pandemics. Through a retrospective epidemiological study of swine populations in China, we describe novel lineages of porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV) complex coronaviruses (CoVs) that cause exclusively respiratory symptoms with no signs of the neurological symptoms typically associated with classical PHEV infection. Through large-scale epidemiological surveillance, we show that these novel lineages have circulated in at least eight provinces in southeastern China. Phylogenetic and recombination analyses of twenty-four genomes identified two major viral lineages causing respiratory symptoms with extensive recombination within them, between them, and between classical PHEV and the novel respiratory variant PHEV (rvPHEV) lineages. Divergence times among the sampled lineages in the PHEV virus complex date back to 1886–1958 (mean estimate 1928), with the two major rvPHEV lineages separating approximately 20 years later. Many rvPHEV viruses show amino acid substitutions at the carbohydrate-binding site of hemagglutinin esterase (HE) and/or have lost the cysteine required for HE dimerization. This resembles the early adaptation of human CoVs, where HE lost its hemagglutination ability to adapt to growth in the human respiratory tract. Our study represents the first report of the evolutionary history of rvPHEV circulating in swine and highlights the importance of characterizing CoV diversity and recombination in swine to identify pathogens with outbreak potential that could threaten swine farming.