Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vital Sign Detection of FMCW Radar Based on Improved Adaptive Parameter Variational Mode Decomposition

Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar has become increasingly popular for contactless vital sign detection. In this article, an improved adaptive parameter variational mode decomposition (IAPVMD) algorithm is proposed for FMCW radar vital sign detection. The proposed IAPVMD algorithm can adaptively select the mode number and penalty coefficient of the variational mode decomposition (VMD) by using the energy loss rate and mode discrimination result as evaluation criteria. With the optimal decomposed parameters, the reliable and accurate reconstruction of respiration and heartbeat signals can be obtained. The experimental results show that the proposed IAPVMD algorithm achieves the estimation accuracy of respiration rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) with the mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.6 and 2.1 bpm. Compared to the existing ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN), successive VMD (SVMD), and adaptive parameter VMD (APVMD) algorithms, the proposed IAPVMD algorithm can provide more accurate and robust RR and HR for different human subjects, different aspect angles, and distances between the radar and the human subject.
Retrieval of temperature and humidity profiles from ground-based high-resolution infrared observations using an adaptive fast iterative algorithm

Abstract. Various retrieval algorithms have been developed for retrieving temperature and water vapor profiles from Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) observations. The physical retrieval algorithm, named AERI Optimal Estimation (AERIoe), outperforms other retrieval algorithms in many aspects except the retrieval time, which is significantly increased due to the complex radiative transfer process. The calculation of the Jacobian matrix is the most computationally intensive step of the physical retrieval algorithm. Interestingly, an analysis of the change in AERI observations' information content with respect to Jacobians revealed that the AERIoe algorithm's performance presents negligible dependence on these metrics. Thus, the Jacobian matrix could remain unchanged when the variation in the atmospheric state is small in the retrieval process to reduce the most time-consuming computation. On the basis of the above findings, a fast physical–iterative retrieval algorithm was proposed by adaptively recalculating Jacobians in keeping with the changes in the atmospheric state. Experiments with synthetic observations demonstrate that the proposed method experiences an average reduction in retrieval time by an impressive 59 % compared to the original AERIoe algorithm while achieving maximum root-mean-square errors of less than 0.95 K and 0.22 log(ppmv) for heights below 3 km for the temperature and water vapor profile, respectively. Further analyses revealed that the fast-retrieval algorithm reached an acceptable convergence rate of 98.7 %, marginally lower than AERIoe's 99.9 % convergence rate for the 826 cases used in this study.
Procedencia y uso de madera de pino silvestre y pino laricio en edificios históricos de Castilla y Andalucía

The productive cycle of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and black pine ( Pinus nigra Arn.) within the medieval Castilian and Andalusian carpentry is here analysed. New criteria to identify both timbers and its dendrochronological date are shown as previous facts to determine their geographical origin. Historical names of these species and other names, such as alerce, with a vague allocation are also studied. Main historical areas of resource and river ways of Tajo and Guadalquivir used to transport the wood (black pine) to interior cities (Sevilla, Toledo, Madrid …) are thus identified. On the other hand, wood’s diversification and its selective use is analysed regarding its resistance value. Availability also determines that a sort of wood becomes fossil-guide ( especie-guia ), which is proposed as chronological indicator for several periods and constructive contexts. Some timber remains dating to the first millennium are studied in detail. They belong to the Mosque of Cordoba and four early medieval churches sited in the Duero valley (La Nave, Banos, Quintanilla and Barriosuso). The empiric dating and analysis of this material offer a post quem chronology for the building of these churches and new facts about the distribution of theses wood’s species in the north-western Iberian peninsula.
Shanghai Soft X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility

Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser facility (SXFEL) is the first coherent X-ray light source in China with the shortest wavelength down to 2 nm. SXFEL is based on a 1.5 GeV C-band linac, including one seeded FEL line, one self-amplified spontaneous emission FEL line and five experimental stations. The development of SXFEL is in two stages, the test facility SXFEL-TF and the user facility SXFEL-UF. SXFEL-TF is based on a 0.84 GeV linac, aiming to master the key technologies of a cascaded FEL with high gain harmonic generation (HGHG) and echo-enabled harmonic generation (EEHG) scheme. Meanwhile, the object of SXFEL-UF is to start user operation at the end of 2019. This paper presents the design, construction and commissioning status of SXFEL. © 2019, Chinese Lasers Press. All right reserved.
Real-time monitoring strategies for optimization of in vitro transcription and quality control of RNA

RNA-based therapeutics and vaccines are opening up new avenues for modern medicine. To produce these useful RNA-based reagents, in vitro transcription (IVT) is an important reaction that primarily determines the yield and quality of the product. Therefore, IVT condition should be well optimized to achieve high yield and purity of transcribed RNAs. To this end, real-time monitoring of RNA production during IVT, which allows for fine tuning of the condition, would be required. Currently, light-up RNA aptamer and fluorescent dye pairs are considered as useful strategies to monitor IVT in real time. Fluorophore-labeled antisense probe-based methods can also be used for real-time IVT monitoring. In addition, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based method that can monitor IVT reagent consumption has been developed as a powerful tool to monitor IVT reaction in near real-time. This mini-review briefly introduces some strategies and examples for real-time IVT monitoring and discusses pros and cons of IVT monitoring methods.
Thickening of Jakobshavns Isbræ, West Greenland, measured by airborne laser altimetry

NASA flights over southern Greenland in 1991, 1992 and 1993, using a scanning laser altimeter with Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation, have demonstrated a capability to measure ice-surface elevations to an accuracy of 10-15 cm. Flights over Jakobshavns Isbræ revealed winter thickening by several meters between September 1991 and April 1992. By July 1993, surface elevations showed a small additional increase, possibly associated with the cold 1992 summer. Data collected over the ice sheet east of Jakobshavns Isbræ show negligible change over the same period; but further south, at latitude 65 N, the western part of the ice sheet appears to have thickened by up to 2 m between 1980 and 1993. It is clear that such measurements must be continued over many years, both to quantify the effects of inter-annual variability and to measure long-term trends. To this end, we plan to complete a first survey of all major drainage basins on the ice sheet in May-June 1994, and then to resurvey all flight lines at 5a intervals, with more frequent flights over selected routes.
Managing cultural landscapes: A case study of Stirling, Alberta

The Village of Stirling, Alberta, is the subject of a case study to developan approach to planning for cultural landscapes. The cultural landscape planning approach is an adaptation of character planning and has the following components: Melnick characteristics for inventorying cultural landscapes, an analysis of the cultural landscape natural, cultural, visual, and meaning categories to define geographic cultural landscape character areas, and an adaptation of Canada Federal Heritage Review Office heritage building character statement concept to the development of a cultural landscape character statement. The cultural landscape character statement serves as a reference point for planning and acts as a catalyst for developing planning concepts. Cultural landscape character planning provides a holistic perspective from which to provide planning strategies for the conservation and interpretation of Stirling cultural landscape.
The Prognostic Value of the Novel Global Immune-Nutrition-Inflammation Index (GINI) in Stage IIIC Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy

Simple Summary We investigated the prognostic significance of the newly created Global Immune-Nutrition-Inflammation Index (GINI) in IIIC non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who received definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). A total of 802 newly diagnosed stage IIIC NSCLC patients were included. The optimal pre-CCRT GINI cutoff was 1562 (area under the curve: 76.1%; sensitivity: 72.4%; specificity: 68.2%; Youden index: 0.406). GINI ≥ 1562 was associated with significantly shorter median locoregional progression-free (p < 0.001), progression-free (p < 0.001), and overall survival (p < 0.001) than GINI < 1562. For each survival endpoint, the association between GINI and survival outcomes appeared independent of other confounding variables (p < 0.05 for each). The novel GINI index effectively stratified patients with stage IIIC NSCLSC into two distinct subgroups, demonstrating significant differences in both median and long-term survival rates. Abstract Background: We sought to determine the prognostic value of the newly developed Global Immune-Nutrition-Inflammation Index (GINI) in patients with stage IIIC non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Methods: This study was conducted on a cohort of 802 newly diagnosed stage IIIC NSCLC patients who underwent CCRT. The novel GINI created first here was defined as follows: GINI = [C-reactive protein × Platelets × Monocytes × Neutrophils] ÷ [Albumin × Lymphocytes]. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the optimal pre-CCRT GINI cut-off value that substantially interacts with the locoregional progression-free (LRPFS), progression-free (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: The optimal pre-CCRT GINI cutoff was 1562 (AUC: 76.1%; sensitivity: 72.4%; specificity: 68.2%; Youden index: 0.406). Patients presenting with a GINI ≥ 1562 had substantially shorter median LRPFS (13.3 vs. 18.4 months; p < 0.001), PFS (10.2 vs. 14.3 months; p < 0.001), and OS (19.1 vs. 37.8 months; p < 0.001) durations than those with a GINI < 1562. Results of the multivariate analysis revealed that the pre-CCRT GINI ≥ 1562 (vs. <1562), T4 tumor (vs. T3), and receiving only 1 cycle of concurrent chemotherapy (vs. 2–3 cycles) were the factors independently associated with poorer LRPS (p < 0.05 for each), PFS (p < 0.05 for each), and OS (p < 0.05 for each). Conclusion: The newly developed GINI index efficiently divided the stage IIIC NSCLSC patients into two subgroups with substantially different median and long-term survival outcomes.
Does Heuristic Bias Matter for Long And Short-Term Investment Decision-Making During The COVID-19 Pandemic?

Introduction/Main Objectives: This study examines the effect of heuristic behavior on investment decision-making in the long- and short-term during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Indonesian capital market. Background Problems: Traditional finance cannot fully explain how investors behave in the capital market. Investors will tend to use heuristics when making investment decisions because humans have cognitive limitations, as explained in the bounded rationality theory. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, investors have shown their irrationality due to the high uncertainty and panic caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This phenomenon can only be explained by behavioral finance. Novelty: This study examines the effect of bias on the invest­ment decision-making of investors who make long-term and short-term investments. Previous studies only tested the impact of bias directly, without differentiating the length of time of the investment. Research Methods: This study used partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with WarpPLS tool. Testing the moderating effect was undertaken using multi-group analysis (MGA). Finding/ Results: The results of this study indicate that anchoring and availability bias have a positive effect on investment decision-making, while representativeness bias has no significant impact. Investment time moderates the effect of representativeness bias on irrational investment decision-making, while anchoring and availability bias are not supported. Conclusion: Anchoring and availability heuristics will increase irrational investment decisions, while the effect of representativeness heuristics on irrational investment decisions will decrease when investors make long-term investments.
Canaries’ Microbiota: The Gut Bacterial Communities along One Female Reproductive Cycle

Investigations of bacterial communities are on the rise both in human and veterinary medicine. Their role in health maintenance and pathogenic mechanisms is in the limelight of infectious, metabolic, and cancer research. Among the most considered, gut bacterial communities take the cake. Their part in animals was assessed mainly to improve animal production, public health, and pet management. In this regard, canaries deserve attention, being a popular pet and source of economic income for bird-keepers, for whom breeding represents a pivotal point. Thus, the present work aimed to follow gut bacterial communities’ evolution along on whole reproductive cycle of 12 healthy female canaries. Feces were collected during parental care, molting, and resting phase, and submitted for 16S rRNA sequencing. Data were analyzed and a substantial presence of Lactobacillus aviarius along all the phases, and a relevant shift of microbiota during molting and rest due to an abrupt decrease of the Vermiphilaceae family were detected. Although the meaning of such change is not clear, future research may highlight unforeseen scenarios. Moreover, Lactobacillus aviarius may be deemed for normal bacteria flora restoration in debilitated birds, perhaps improving their health and productivity.
High resistivity free-standing crosslinked graphene oxide substrates: hopping conduction mechanism and application to recyclable electronics

Graphene oxide (GO) is an oxidized derivative of graphene that can be formed into free-standing wafers by aqueous processing methods. We propose GO as a potential alternative printed electronic substrate material to mitigate the waste electronic and electrical equipment problem. By dissolving these substrates in water, GO permits the mechanical separation and recovery of discrete components from defunct circuits, thus closing the life cycle of printed circuits. In this work we measure the anisotropic, frequency dependent resistivity of free-standing GO wafers under DC and AC (f = 0.1 Hz–500 kHz) excitation and in varying relative humidity (RH) conditions. Unmodified GO and GO crosslinked with calcium ions, borate ions, and glutaraldehyde were characterized. AC resistivity measurements reveal charge transport in free-standing GO occurs by several distinct hopping conduction mechanisms that are sensitive to the crosslinking formulation. GO crosslinked with calcium ions exhibits the highest DC resistivity, 4.6 × 105 Ωm and 2.6 × 104 Ωm, for out-of-plane and in-plane directions, respectively, at 17% RH. Both AC and DC resistivities decrease with increasing RH. We demonstrate that GO wafers can be used as dielectric substrates in the construction of simple electronic circuits with discrete electronic components. Finally, we present a proof-of-concept for electrical trace and component recovery via disassembly of GO wafers in water.
Coupled Electromagnetic–Fluid–Thermal Analysis of a Fully Air-Cooled Pumped Storage Generator Motor

With the continuous increase in the capacity of the pumped storage generator motor, the overheating of the rotor area is becoming increasingly severe, which has a significant effect on the safe and reliable operation of the machine. The heat dissipation of the machine rotor by fully air-cooled is one of the key technologies to develop the new generation of pumped storage generator motors. In this paper, the electromagnetic field and fluid–thermal coupled field of a pumped storage generator motor are analyzed. The 2D transient time-step finite element model of the electromagnetic field of a pumped storage generator motor is established, and the eddy current loss of damping bars of the rotor is calculated by the finite element method. The additional loss of the rotor pole surface is calculated by analytical method. The mathematical and geometric models of the 3D fluid–thermal coupled field of the pumped storage generator motor are established and calculated. The complex fluid velocity distribution and the temperature distribution at different positions of the rotor under fully air-cooled fanless cooling conditions are investigated in detail. The calculated temperature of field winding is compared with the measured value, and the result shows that the calculated result coincident well with the test data. This research provides the technical reference for the development and temperature rise calculation for large pumped storage generator motors.
Radar resolution and complex-image analysis

Modern Approaches to Modern Radar Problems: Target Detection Methods, Old and New. Discriminating Man-Made Targets from Clutter. Target Identification. Summary of Conventional Radar Imaging. Radar Imaging Terminology. The Backscattering Behavior of Man-Made Targets: The Applicability of the Point-Target Resolution Theory. General Scatterer Classes and Their Significance. The Problem of Target Modeling. Sideband Responses. The Resolution Problem: Resolution and Measurement Precision. Resolution Performance. Radar Signals and Resolution. Measurement Principles for Point Reflectors: The Single-Point Scatterer. Multiple Fixed-Point Scatterers with Constant Dopplers. Two Unresolved Fixed-Point Scatterers. Curved Phase Functions from Unresolved Multiple Fixed-Point Scatterers. Specific Target Features: Smooth Curved Surfaces or Sliding Point Scatterers. Multiple-Bounce Reflectors. Features with Shifting Phase Centers. Smooth Backscattering Modes from Extended Features. Features with Irregular Phase Center Motions. Curved Surfaces. Multiple Delayed Returns. Features with Traveling Wave Responses. Ground Bounce Returns. Motion Compensation for Moving Targets: Terminology and Scope of the Treatment. Requirements on the Motion Compensation. Motion Compensation Steps. Generation of the Target Outline: Measurement Procedure. Basic Measurement Principles. Example of Outline Generation for a Ground Vehicle. Example of a Case with Very Weak Edge Scatterers. Significance and Problems of Crossrange Resolution: Resolution versus Measurement Precision. Measurements on Images with Different Degrees of Crossrange Resolution. Imaging at Broadside Aspects. Processing Algorithms: Algorithms for Scatterer Resolution. Discrimination Algorithms for Responses from Man-Made Targets. Algorithms for Two-Dimensional Resolution. Algorithms for One-Dimensional Resolution in Range.
Ebselen, Iron Uptake Inhibitor, Alleviates Iron Overload-Induced Senescence-Like Neuronal Cells SH-SY5Y via Suppressing the mTORC1 Signaling Pathway

Increasing evidence highlights that excessive iron accumulation in the brain plays a vital role in neuronal senescence and is implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, the chemical compounds that eliminate an iron overload may provide better protection against oxidative stress conditions that cause the accumulation of senescent cells during brain aging. Ebselen has been identified as a strongly useful compound in the research on redox biology mechanisms. We hypothesized that ebselen could alleviate an iron overload-induced oxidative stress and consequently reverses the senescence-like phenotypes in the neuronal cells. In the present study, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) before ebselen, and the evaluation of the cellular iron homeostasis, the indicators of oxidative stress, and the onset of senescence phenotypes and mechanisms were carried out accordingly. Our findings showed that ebselen ameliorated the FAC-mediated iron overload by decreasing the expression of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferritin light chain (FT-L) proteins. In contrast, it increased the expression of ferroportin 1 (FPN1) protein and its correlation led to a decrease in the expression of the cytosolic labile iron pool (LIP). Furthermore, ebselen significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and rescued the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Notably, ebselen restored the biomarkers of cellular senescence by reducing the number of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) positive cells and senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASP). This also suppressed the expression of p53 protein targeting DNA damage response (DDR)/p21 cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor through a mTORC1 signaling pathway. Potentially, ebselen could be a therapeutic agent for treating brain aging and AD by mitigating iron accumulation and restoring senescence in SH-SY5Y cells.
Multilevel Privacy Protection for Social Media Based on 2-D Compressive Sensing

Currently, the popularity of social networks has brought us rich and colorful displays and pleasant experiences. However, social networking is also a double-edged sword. While pleasing us, it also raises the issue of privacy disclosure of social media images. How to protect the privacy of media images has become a significant issue for social networks. When we post large quantities of images on social networks to share our daily lives, sometimes we only want to share them with specific friends or want friends with different permissions to see different image content, which involves hierarchical privacy protection. In particular, when the image to be shared contains multiple privacy-sensitive areas of different levels, and we only want to protect the privacy-sensitive areas rather than the whole image, how to protect each privacy-sensitive area is a major problem. Aiming at the above problems, a multilevel privacy protection scheme for image sharing in social networks based on 2-D compressive sensing is proposed. This scheme has the advantages of compressive sampling, privacy protection and controllable access. In addition, we propose a 2-D projected gradient algorithm with accompanying privacy region decryption (2DPG-APRD) for implementing the hierarchical privacy-preserving function of the proposed scheme. Experimental results show that our scheme has multilevel reconstruction quality, high-security intensity for different authorized users, and can well protect the privacy information of images. Therefore, the proposed scheme suits for many practical multilevel encryption situations.