Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How well do patients' assessments of their diabetes self-management correlate with actual glycemic control and receipt of recommended diabetes services?

OBJECTIVE Although patient diabetes self-management is a key determinant of health outcomes, there is little evidence on whether patients' own assessments of their self-management correlates with glycemic control and key aspects of high-quality diabetes care. We explored these associations in a nationwide sample of Veterans' Affairs (VA) patients with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We abstracted information on achieved level of glycemic control (HbA(1c)) and diabetes processes of care (receipt of HbA(1c) test, eye examination, and nephropathy screen) from medical records of 1032 diabetic patients who received care from 21 VA facilities and had answered the Diabetes Quality Improvement Program survey in 2000. The survey included sociodemographic measures and a five-item scale assessing the patients' diabetes self-management (medication use, blood glucose monitoring, diet, exercise, and foot care [alpha = 0.68]). Using multivariable regression, we examined the associations of patients' reported self-management with HbA(1c) level and receipt of each diabetes process of care. We adjusted for diabetes severity and comorbidities, insulin use, age, ethnicity, income, education, use of VA services, and clustering at the facility level. RESULTS Higher patient evaluations of their diabetes self-management were significantly associated with lower HbA(1c) levels (P < 0.01) and receipt of diabetes services. Those in the 95th percentile for self-management had a mean HbA(1c) level of 7.3 (95% CI 6.4-8.3), whereas those in the 5th percentile had mean levels of 8.3 (7.4-9.2). For every 10-point increase in patients' ratings of their diabetes self-management, even after adjusting for number of outpatient visits, the odds of receiving an HbA(1c) test in the past year increased by 15% (4-27%), of receiving an eye examination increased by 16% (7-27%), and of receiving a nephropathy screen increased by 13% (2-26%). CONCLUSIONS In this sample, patients' assessments of their diabetes self-care using a simple five-question instrument were significantly associated both with actual HbA(1c) control and with receiving recommended diabetes services. These findings reinforce the usefulness of patient evaluations of their own self-management for understanding and improving glycemic control. The mechanisms by which those patients who are more actively engaged in their diabetes self-care are also more likely to receive necessary services warrant further study.
Notice of RetractionStock market and economic growth: The empirical study of China

This paper investigates the long-term relationship between stock market development and economic development in China. Although there were evidences that they are interacting, some argued stock market development spurred the economy growth and some didn't find this link. In this paper, a cointegration and causal test are used to study relationship on them in China. The data set are divided into three subsections. We find that stock market development did not caused economic growth. This reason might be that the market institution is not mature.
Anti-extinction Following Unilateral Parietal Damage

Following unilateral damage to the parietal cortex, extinction of sensory events on the side of space opposite the lesion frequently occurs: A contralesional event is detected when it occurs alone, but missed when it is accompanied by an ipsilesional event. We describe a patient with left visuospatial neglect subsequent to a right parietal infarct, who shows the opposite of this typical extinction pattern: On brief visual presentations, he consistently shows better detection and identification of contralesional targets when they appear simultaneously with an ipsilesional target, compared to when the contralesional target appears alone. This benefit for contralesional targets on simultaneous presentation is found most clearly when the same task is performed with both contra- and ipsilesional items. These findings first provide a very clear demonstration of neglect in the absence of extinction. Second, our results demonstrate that visuospatial neglect can be mitigated by non-perceptual task variables.
Mapping the Intricacies of Young Adults' Developmental Journey from Socially Prescribed to Internally Defined Identities, Relationships, and Beliefs

Recent research has called for complex holistic models of college student development, but traditionally, scholars have focused heavily if not exclusively on creating models that emphasize only psychological explanations and probe only one dimension or aspect of development. This article synthesizes a wide range of theories and models to construct an integrated map of both the psychological and sociological factors that influence young adults' learning and development. Moreover, the synthesis discusses the conditions that foster cognitive, interpersonal, and intrapersonal growth.
Proteomic analysis of the rat vestibular nucleus complex following unilateral labyrinthectomy

Conclusion: The appearance of some candidate proteins may be essential for compensation as spatio-temporal expression patterns and this proteomic analysis may be a useful tool to understand the molecular basis of vestibular compensation. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the proteins expressed in vestibular nucleus complexes (VNCs) using proteomics following unilateral labyrinthectomy. Materials and methods: Proteomic analysis was performed in VNCs of rats at 6 h, 72 h, and 7 days following unilateral labyrinthectomy in comparison to normal VNC. Twenty-seven interesting spots in both normal and study groups were selected for MALDI-TOF MS. Expression of some selected genes was confirmed by RT-PCR. Results: In all, 22 of 27 spots were matched after MALDI-TOF MS. Among these, 14 proteins were highly expressed in normal VNCs and 8 were newly expressed following labyrinthectomy. Among these 14 normal proteins, 9 were consistently expressed in both normal and labyrinthectomized VCNs, while 5 were down-regulated following labyrinthectomy. Eight were newly expressed following labyrinthectomy. Expression patterns of nine genes at RT-PCR were compatible with protein expression patterns.
Chapter DOPAMINERGIC AND GLUTAMATERGIC DYSFUNCTIONS IN THE NEUROPATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

Schizophrenia is a devastating mental disorder that affects almost 1% of the human population. Although the etiology and fundamental pathological processes associated with schizophrenia remain unclear, abnormalities of the dopamine and glutamate systems have been implicated in their occurrence. The putative role of dopamine in the pathophysiology and treatment of schizophrenia has been studied intensively in past decades. The central importance of dopaminergic dysfunctions is clearly evidenced by the efficacy of dopamine D2 receptor antagonists in the treatment of clinical symptoms. Studies focusing on the dopamine system have purported the hypothesis of a dopamine imbalance in mesocorticolimbic circuit, i.e., either excessive subcortical dopamine or deficient prefrontal dopamine will cause schizophrenia symptoms. However, it is clear that drugs specifically targeting dopamine receptors are not sufficient for the treatment of schizophrenia. Novel approaches are urgently needed. Recent studies have proposed that schizophrenia is closely associated with interacting abnormalities of both the dopamine and glutamate systems. Indeed, besides dopamine, several lines of evidence support the hypothesis of the persistent dysfunction of glutamatergic transmission, especially Nmethyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. In the past decade, a number of studies have shown that the function of aberrant NMDA receptors may underlie many aspects of molecular, cellular, and behavioral aberrations associated with schizophrenia. We review the current literature and explain the onset and * Correspondence: Wen-Jun Gao, Ph.D. Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, 2900 Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129; Phone: (215) 991-8907; Fax: (215) 843-9802. Email: wgao@drexelmed.edu
The test anxiety inventory: A confirmatory factor analysis

Abstract The study was a confirmatory investigation of the factor structure of the Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) proposed by Spielberger, Gonzalez, Taylor, Algaze, and Anton (1978). The subjects were 752 college students (200 men and 542 women; 10 subjects did not report gender). The viability of a two-factor (emotionality and worry) oblique model was examined as compared to a two-factor orthogonal model, a single-factor model, and a null model. Results clearly supported the two-factor oblique solution. In addition, the invariance of the TAI factor structure across gender was supported as results indicated that a two-factor oblique solution with equal loadings and equal factor covariances provided a good model fit across both men and women. It was noted that two particular items, though empirically confirmed, appeared to be placed on the wrong factors. In addition, the necessity for a twenty-item, as opposed to a sixteen-item, TAI was questioned as the internal consistencies (coefficient alpha) of the two .
Inattention and Response to the ABRACADABRA Web-Based Literacy Intervention

Abstract Inattention is often associated with reduced response to reading intervention. This study explored attention as a predictor of individual variation in response to a free-access Web-based literacy intervention, ABRACADABRA (http://abralite.concordia.ca) in typical Grade 1 children. A randomized control design was used to contrast two interventions, a phoneme-based Synthetic and a rime-based Analytic Phonics approach, against a regular classroom control condition. Attention measured by parent ratings and a sustained attention task, was correlated with reading. Attention also predicted growth in blending and reading comprehension for students receiving only regular classroom teaching. However, in the most successful intervention, Synthetic Phonics, attention no longer predicted reading outcome. An omnibus analysis of effect sizes that combined all attention measures across all areas of literacy attainment improved by ABRCADABRA confirmed that there were significant differences between the regular classroom teaching control and the synthetic phonics intervention: Attention predicted significantly more variance in attainment in the control condition. These results suggest that the computer-based literacy intervention, ABRACADABRA, can influence the associations between literacy and attention and may support students at risk of reading and attention difficulties.
Gaze control and recollective experience in face recognition

In two experiments, we examined the relation between gaze control and recollective experience in the context of face recognition. In Experiment 1, participants studied a series of faces, while their eye movements were eliminated either during study or test, or both. Subsequently, they made remember/know judgements for each recognized test face. The preclusion of eye movements impaired explicit recollection without affecting familiarity-based recognition. In Experiment 2, participants examined unfamiliar faces under two study conditions (similarity vs. difference judgements), while their eye movements were registered. Similarity vs. difference judgements produced the opposite effects on remember/know responses, with no systematic effects on eye movements. However, face recollection was related to eye movements, so that remember responses were associated with more frequent refixations than know responses. These findings suggest that saccadic eye movements mediate the nature of recollective experience, and that explicit recollection reflects a greater consistency between study and test fixations than familiarity-based face recognition.
Different Challenges, Different Well-Being: A Comparison of Psychological Well-Being Across Stepmothers and Biological Mothers and Across Four Categories of Stepmothers

Although previous research has indicated stepfamilies experience poorer mental well-being than biological families, it has focused primarily on stepfather-led families. In contrast, this study focuses on the well-being of stepmothers. It is also the first to compare well-being across all combinations of residential, nonresidential, simple, and complex stepfamilies and to measure anxiety and depression as indicators of stepmother well-being. Participants were 333 biological mothers and stepmothers. Among the results, in comparison to biological mothers, full complex and part simple stepmothers reported significantly higher mean levels of, respectively, depression and anxiety. Results also suggest that, for biological mothers but not for stepmothers, having a long-term partner might be a buffer against anxiety and depression.
Naming latencies as evidence for two modes of lexical retrieval

ABSTRACT Data are reported for response latencies to naming pictures of objects which show a systematic relationship between naming latency and two measures of item difficulty. Of primary interest was a reanalysis of full latency distributions on a picture-by-picture basis to explore the possibility that overall mean latencies could in actuality be composed of multiple independent latency populations. Results are discussed in terms of “automatic” versus “voluntary search” modes of word retrieval.
Gender Relations and Schooling in the New Century: Conflicts and challenges

This paper highlights the challenges that schools in the future may face in relation to egalitarianism (in relation to gender, ethnicity and social class). It argues that new forms of egalitarian politics are likely to emerge, first, around differentiations within rather than between subordinated and powerful groups and, second, around the individualisation of learning processes and flexible educational careers. New gender concerns will challenge the concepts of educational excellence, the masculinisation of science, and schools' responses to disengagement. Traditional gender identities are changing and schools may have to respond to the gap between the educational success of young women and the discrimination they face on the labour market, and the disadvantages associated with a celebration of masculinity. The processes of individualisation and globalisation suggest that educationists and feminists have to engage with male and female experiences that could be even more different and unequal.
What Makes Protégés Take Mentors’ Advice in Formal Mentoring Relationships?

This study examines the factors affecting a protégé’s willingness to take a mentor’s advice. The sample for this study consisted of 183 protégés from two different South Korean organizations who were part of formal mentoring programs. We found protégé commitment to be the principal factor that predisposes a protégé to take advice from mentors and protégé-perceived relationship quality as the antecedent of protégé commitment. In particular, protégé commitment was identified as a full mediator between relationship quality and willingness to take mentor’s advice. In addition, a protégé’s trust in a mentor was regarded as a partial mediator between protégé-perceived relationship quality and protégé commitment. The theoretical and managerial implications of our findings are also discussed herein.
A low power and low noise CMOS chopper amplifier for use in capacitive type accelerometer

This paper presents a low power, low-g and low noise accelerometer. By using chopper topology, an integrated low pass filter and zero and hold (ZOH) low pass filter, the low noise and low power are achieved. The integrated low-pass filter eliminates the chopping ripple voltage caused by the demodulation. The ZOH low pass filter provides a nulling function at chopping frequency to notch the residual voltage from the first modulator and amplifying gain to achieve greater sensor sensitivity. The circuit achieves a ±6 g dynamic range, and the simulated noise is 75 μg/rtHz with a current consumption of 11 μA.
Cortico-Cortical Modulation Induced by 1-Hz Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Temporal Cortex

Background and Purpose Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has potential as a noninvasive neuromodulation treatment method for various neuropsychiatric disorders, and repeated sessions of rTMS are more likely to enhance the therapeutic efficacy. This study investigated neurophysiologic and spatiodynamic changes induced by repeated 1-Hz rTMS of the temporal cortex using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) indices and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). Methods Twenty-seven healthy subjects underwent daily 1-Hz active or sham rTMS of the right temporal cortex for 5 consecutive days. TMS indices of motor cortical excitability were measured in both hemispheres daily before and after each rTMS session, and 2 weeks after the last stimulation. FDG-PET was performed at baseline and after the 5 days of rTMS sessions. Results All subjects tolerated all of the sessions well, with only three of them (11.1%) reporting mild transient side effects (i.e., headache, tinnitus, or local irritation). One-Hz rTMS decreased motor evoked potential amplitudes and delayed cortical silent periods in the stimulated hemisphere. Statistical parametric mapping of FDG-PET data revealed a focal reduction of glucose metabolism in the stimulated temporal area and an increase in the bilateral precentral, ipsilateral superior and middle frontal, prefrontal and cingulate gyri. Conclusions Repeated rTMS sessions for 5 consecutive days were tolerated in all subjects, with only occasional minor side effects. Focal 1-Hz rTMS of the temporal cortex induces cortico-cortical modulation with widespread functional changes in brain neural networks via long-range neural connections.
The kindlin family: functions, signaling properties and implications for human disease

ABSTRACT The kindlin (or fermitin) family of proteins comprises three members (kindlin-1,-2 and -3) of evolutionarily conserved focal adhesion (FA) proteins, whose best-known task is to increase integrin affinity for a ligand (also referred as integrin activation) through binding of β-integrin tails. The consequence of kindlin-mediated integrin activation and integrin-ligand binding is cell adhesion, spreading and migration, assembly of the extracellular matrix (ECM), cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. Another hallmark of kindlins is their involvement in disease. Mutations in the KINDLIN-1 (also known as FERMT1) gene cause Kindler syndrome (KS) – in which mainly skin and intestine are affected, whereas mutations in the KINDLIN-3 (also known as FERMT3) gene cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III (LAD III), which is characterized by impaired extravasation of blood effector cells and severe, spontaneous bleedings. Also, aberrant expression of kindlins in various forms of cancer and in tissue fibrosis has been reported. Although the malfunctioning of integrins represent a major cause leading to kindlin-associated diseases, increasing evidence also point to integrin-independent functions of kindlins that play an important role in the pathogenesis of certain disease aspects. Furthermore, isoform-specific kindlin functions have been discovered, explaining, for example, why loss of kindlins differentially affects tissue stem cell homeostasis or tumor development. This Commentary focuses on new and isoform-specific kindlin functions in different tissues and discusses their potential role in disease development and progression. Summary: Integrin-dependent and -independent function of kindlin isoforms and their regulation in homeostasis, disease and cancer.
Coping with parental death as seen from the perspective of children who attended a grief camp

In this qualitative case study researchers interviewed 16 parentally bereaved children and their 11 surviving parents in order to conceptualize the emotional impact of losing a parent to death and to understand the possible influence of one bereavement program’s attempt to address these issues. An inductive constant comparative method was used to identify themes which were enriched through deductive computer assisted analysis. Themes presented by children and parents are discussed in terms of the emotional impact of the death and the influence of the program on each issue. Themes revealed were Sadness, Anger, Being Set Apart, Worries, Trauma, and Contemplation of Suicide.
Comparisons of patient and physician expectations for cancer survivorship care.

PURPOSE To compare expectations for cancer survivorship care between patients and their physicians and between primary care providers (PCPs) and oncologists. METHODS Survivors and their physicians were surveyed to evaluate for expectations regarding physician participation in primary cancer follow-up, screening for other cancers, general preventive health, and management of comorbidities. RESULTS Of 992 eligible survivors and 607 physicians surveyed, 535 (54%) and 378 (62%) were assessable, respectively. Among physician respondents, 255 (67%) were PCPs and 123 (33%) were oncologists. Comparing patients with their oncologists, expectations were highly discrepant for screening for cancers other than the index one (agreement rate, 29%), with patients anticipating significantly more oncologist involvement. Between patients and their PCPs, expectations were most incongruent for primary cancer follow-up (agreement rate, 35%), with PCPs indicating they should contribute a much greater part to this aspect of care. Expectations between patients and their PCPs were generally more concordant than between patients and their oncologists. PCPs and oncologists showed high discordances in perceptions of their own roles for primary cancer follow-up, cancer screening, and general preventive health (agreement rates of 3%, 44%, and 51%, respectively). In the case of primary cancer follow-up, both PCPs and oncologists indicated they should carry substantial responsibility for this task. CONCLUSION Patients and physicians have discordant expectations with respect to the roles of PCPs and oncologists in cancer survivorship care. Uncertainties around physician roles and responsibilities can lead to deficiencies in care, supporting the need to make survivorship care planning a standard component in cancer management.
Learning to repeat to interact: Learner's repetitions in the language acquisition process of adults

The present study will go into developmental aspects of repetitions in the second language acquisition process of adult immigrants: learners of Dutch. Given their experience with another language, these learners are certainly acquainted with the basic features of communication. The central aim of the present study is to explore the interactional characteristics of repetitions. The question is how adult second language-learners use part of what their NS-interlocutor has said as efficient means to interact. It will concentrate upon how the repetitive procedures are related to the process of learning a new language.