Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serum Concentrations of Gastrin after Famotidine and Omeprazole Administration to Dogs

Background The duration of antacid‐induced hypergastrinemia after cessation of administration of omeprazole and famotidine apparently has not been determined in dogs. Hypothesis That serum gastrin will return to basal concentrations by 7 days after cessation of famotidine or omeprazole administration. Animals Nine healthy, adult, male, research colony dogs. Methods Randomized, cross‐over design. Serum gastrin was determined daily for 7 days to establish baseline concentrations. Famotidine (1.0 mg/kg q24h) or omeprazole (1.0 mg/kg q24h) was administered PO for 7 days followed by a 14‐day washout. Serum concentrations of gastrin were determined daily during 7 days of administration and daily for 7 days after cessation of administration. Each drug was evaluated in 8 of the 9 dogs. Results Omeprazole caused a significant increase in serum gastrin concentration (37.2 ± 7.3 to 71.3 ± 19.0 ng/L; P = .006). Famotidine induced a transient increase in serum gastrin (37.2 ± 7.3 to 65.5 ± 38.5 ng/L; P = .02) that peaked at administration day 3 and declined thereafter. By day 7 after cessation of both drugs, there was no difference in serum gastrin concentrations compared to those before administration (famotidine P = .99; omeprazole P = .99). During or after administration, gastrin concentrations above 3 times the upper reference range were rare (12 of 224 samples). Conclusions and Clinical Importance A 7‐day withdrawal from short‐term administration of famotidine or omeprazole is sufficient for serum gastrin to return to baseline concentrations. Withholding famotidine or omeprazole for longer before investigating pathologic causes of hypergastrinemia is unnecessary.
Methylphenidate modifies the motion of the circadian clock Lamotrigine in mood disorders and cocaine dependence Cortical glutamate in postpartum depression Effects of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase ( FAAH ) Inhibitors in Non-Human Primate Models of Nicotine Reward and Relapse

Cite this article as: Zuzana Justinova, Leigh V Panlilio, Guillermo Moreno-Sanz, Godfrey H Redhi, Alessia Auber, Maria E Secci, Paola Mascia, Tiziano Bandiera, Andrea Armirotti, Rosalia Bertorelli, Svetlana I Chefer, Chanel Barnes, Sevil Yasar, Daniele Piomelli, Steven R Goldberg, Effects of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH) Inhibitors in Non-Human Primate Models of Nicotine Reward and Relapse, Neuropsychopharmacology accepted article preview 10 March 2015; doi: 10.1038/npp.2015. 62.
Origin of Emotion Effects on ERP Correlates of Emotional Word Processing: The Emotion Duality Approach

We distinguish two evaluative systems which evoke automatic and reflective emotions. Automatic emotions are direct reactions to stimuli whereas reflective emotions are always based on verbalized (and often abstract) criteria of evaluation. We conducted an electroencephalography (EEG) study in which 25 women were required to read and respond to emotional words which engaged either the automatic or reflective system. Stimulus words were emotional (positive or negative) and neutral. We found an effect of valence on an early response with dipolar fronto-occipital topography; positive words evoked a higher amplitude response than negative words. We also found that topographically specific differences in the amplitude of the late positive complex were related to the system involved in processing. Emotional stimuli engaging the automatic system were associated with significantly higher amplitudes in the left-parietal region; the response to neutral words was similar regardless of the system engaged. A different pattern of effects was observed in the central region, neutral stimuli engaging the reflective system evoked a higher amplitudes response whereas there was no system effect for emotional stimuli. These differences could not be reduced to effects of differences between the arousing properties and concreteness of the words used as stimuli.
Learning Similar Tasks From Observation and Practice

This paper presents a case study of learning to select behavioral primitives and generate subgoals from observation and practice. Our approach uses local features to generalize across tasks and global features to learn from practice. We demonstrate this approach applied to the marble maze task. Our robot uses local features to initially learn primitive selection and subgoal generation policies from observing a teacher maneuver a marble through a maze. The robot then uses this information as it tries to traverse another maze, and refines the information during learning from practice
Unsupervised video-shot segmentation and model-free anchorperson detection for news video story parsing

News story parsing is an important and challenging task in a news video library system. We address two important components in a news video story parsing system: shot boundary detection and anchorperson detection. First, an unsupervised fuzzy c-means algorithm is used to detect video-shot boundaries in order to segment a news video into video shots. Then, a graph-theoretical cluster analysis algorithm is implemented to classify the video shots into anchorperson shots and news footage shots. Because of its unsupervised nature, the algorithms require little human intervention. The efficacy of the proposed method is extensively tested on more than five hours of news programs.
Preface The seventh Distributed and Parallel Systems conference ( DAPSYS ) is organized by MTA SZTAKI Computer and Automation Research Institute in Debrecen

Volunteer computing platforms have become a popular means of providing vast amounts of processing power to scientific applications through the use of personal home computers. To date, with little exception, these systems have focused solely on exploiting idle CPU cycles and have yet to take full advantage of other available resources such as powerful video card processors, hard disk storage capacities, and high-speed network connections. As part of the EDGeS project, we are working to expand this narrow scope to also utilize available network and storage capabilities. In this paper we outline the justifications for this approach and introduce how decentralized P2P networks are being built in the project to distribute scientific data currently on the Grid.
Orientation Bandwidth: the and Temporal Frequency

The orientation bandwidths of psychophysically defined channels of human vision were estimated by two techniques for a wide range of spatial and temporal frequencies. The first technique was an adaptation paradigm, where the subjects’ ability to see patterns of various orientations was measured before and after adapting to a high contrast pattern. The second technique evaluated subjects’ ability to discriminate between two gratings of different orientations in relation to their ability to detect the patterns. Bandwidths were unaffected by temporal frequency at high spatial frequencies but increased with temporal frequency at low spatial frequencies. Bandwidths increased modestly with decreasing spatial frequency at low temporal frequencies but more drastically at high temporal frequencies. Both techniques gave similar results except for patterns with very low spatial and high temporal frequencies. In this region the stimulus appears “spatial-frequency doubled” which may be used as a cue for the orientation discrimination task.
Web Mining for Compiling and Accessing Encyclopedic Contents

Reflecting the growth and diversity of information on the Web, it has become common to consult search engines and portal sites for various topics. This paper describes a retrieval system called “Cyclone”, which is intended to enhance the utility of the Web as an encyclopedia. Cyclone compiles an encyclopedic content consisting of term descriptions and related terms automatically. The number of current headwords is approximately 600,000, which is larger than those for existing encyclopedias. To guide users to useful information, the content can be accessed by various methods.
A Hypnic Hypothesis of Alzheimer's Disease

Background: Understanding the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is of fundamental importance for improved diagnosis, monitoring and ultimately, treatment. Objective: A role for the sleep-wake cycle in the pathogenesis of AD has been proposed, but remains to be worked out in detail. Methods: Here we draw together several lines of previous work to outline a ‘hypnic hypothesis' of AD. Results: We propose that altered function of brainstem neurotransmitter pathways associated with sleep, promotes regionally specific disintegration of a cortico-subcortical ‘default mode' brain network that is selectively vulnerable in AD. Conclusion: The formation of a dynamic toxic state within this vulnerable network linked to sleep-wake disruption, would in turn lead to failure of synaptic repair, increased transmission of pathogenic misfolded proteins and a self-amplifying neurodegenerative process. We consider the evidence for this hypnic hypothesis and the implications that follow on from it.
A circulating permeability factor in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: the hunt continues

Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the major causes of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, and renal prognosis in patients with steroid-resistant FSGS is poor. It has been long speculated that a circulating permeability factor should be implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease because a substantial portion of the patients with primary FSGS experience recurrence shortly after transplantation. Although molecules such as cardiotrophin-like cytokine 1 (CLC-1) and anti-CD40 antibody have been proposed to be potential circulating permeability factors, a definitive factor remains to be discovered. Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) has attracted substantial attention and garnered scrutiny by renal researchers since Reiser's group suggested that it was linked to the pathogenesis of primary FSGS and that it might be useful as a diagnostic biomarker. A number of different cohort studies have shown that serum suPAR levels are negatively associated with renal function and can scarcely differentiate FSGS from the other glomerular/renal diseases. In contrast to initial studies, several in vivo studies investigating the effects of forced suPAR upregulation could not show the induction of proteinuria or podocyte injury. Currently it is suggested that a different form of suPAR, which cannot be measured by presently available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, might be the culprit; however, it remains to be determined whether this is the case. Because a circulating permeability factor might be a useful biomarker for diagnosing FSGS as well as a potent therapeutic target for primary and recurrent FSGS, further dedicated work will be needed.
The discrete logarithm problem in cyclic subgroups of not necessary cyclic groups

The security of many cryptographic techniques depends on the intractability of the discrete logarithm problem (DLP). As a starting point, we consider the particular case of this problem, the discrete logarithm problem in subgroups of Zopfp* (p prime number), which is of special interest because its presumed intractability is the basis for the security of the U.S. Government NIST Digital Signature Algorithm, among other cryptographic techniques. Our intention is to generalize the discrete logarithm problem in subgroups of Zopfp*, first by considering an arbitrary finite cyclic group G, instead of Zopfp*; and then, more generally, by considering an arbitrary finite group G instead of Zopfp*. Then, following the same idea, we try to generalize a problem closely related to the DLP, the Diffie-Hellman problem (DHP), which is of significance to public-key cryptography because its apparent intractability forms the basis for the security of many cryptographic schemes, including Diffie-Hellman key agreement and its derivatives, and ElGamal public-key encryption. Our paper will give the mathematical description of the general problems, using group theory, as well as provide a mathematical algorithm for solving them.
University of Birmingham Identification of maternally-loaded RNA transcripts in unfertilized eggs of Tribolium castaneum

Background: Maternal RNAs play a critical role in early development. Variation in the diversity and levels of maternally derived gene transcripts may be central to the origin of phenotypic novelty – a longstanding problem in evolution and development. By studying maternal transcriptomes within and between divergent species, a better understanding of the evolutionary forces acting on maternal RNA allocation is possible. Results: We present the first maternal transcriptome of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Using a tiled whole-genome microarray, we found that 58.2% of T. castaneum genes are maternally loaded into eggs. Comparison of known Drosophila melanogaster maternal genes to our results showed widespread conservation of maternal expression with T. castaneum. Additionally, we found that many genes previously reported as having sex or tissue specific expression in T. castaneum were also maternally loaded. Identification of such pleiotropy is vital for proper modeling and testing of evolutionary theory using empirical data. The microarray design also allowed the detection of 2315 and 4060 novel transcriptionally active regions greater in length than 100 bp in unfertilized and fertilized T. castaneum eggs, respectively. These transcriptionally active regions represent novel exons of potentially unknown genes for future study. Conclusions: Our results lay a foundation for utilizing T. castaneum as a model for understanding the role of maternal genes in evolution.
EXTENDING POST-HARVEST LIFE OF SWEET PEPPER ( Capsicum annum L . ‘ California Wonder ’ ) WITH MODIFIED ATMOSP HERE PACKAGING AND STORAGE TEMPERATURE

The post-harvest performance of sweet pepper ‘California Wonder’ was tested under three different packages (open trays, non -perforated and perforated polyethylene bags) stored at temperatures of 4°C, 6.5°C and ambient (17°C) for 25 days. Data on weight loss, skin green colour retention, incidences of chilling injury and diseases were collected and subjected to statistical analysis. Fruit weight loss was significantly lowest at storage temperatures of 4°C and 6.5°C and non-perforated packaging. Skin green colour retention was significantly highest on fruits held at 4°C and 6.5°C on day 5 and at 6.5°C on days 10 to 25 compared to ambient storage. However, packaging did not significantly affect colour retention. The interaction of 6.5°C and non-perforated packaging had significantly (p<0.05) highest level of green colour retention throughout the storage period. Storage temperature did not significantly affect the incidence of diseases in sweet pepper, whereas, non-perforated packaging had significantly (p<0.05) highest incidence of disease. The interaction of storage at 4°C and non-perforated packaging had significantly (p<0.05) highest incidence of diseases. Interactions between non-perforated packaging and storage temperatures of 4°C and 6.5 °C showed significantly (p<0.05) higher incidences of diseases after exposure to ambient conditions for 2 days. Temperature was the major factor in determining the post-harvest performance of sweet pepper. However, the interaction of storage at 6.5°C and perforated polythene packaging produced the best results.
Design of bursting in two-dimensional discrete-time neuron models

We propose a design method for bursting neuron models with a specified average angular frequency and duty ratio by using the bifurcation theory . There are some pairs of two-periodic points in the models. When a Hopf bifurcation for the two-periodic points occurs, there exist two pairs of non-isolated invariant closed curves surrounding each two-periodic point. The proposed design method derives parameters and initial conditions in the models. We also show the effectivity of the proposed design method by simulation.
MRI of Arterial Flow Reserve in Patients with Intermittent Claudication: Feasibility and Initial Experience

Objectives The aim of this work was to develop a MRI method to determine arterial flow reserve in patients with intermittent claudication and to investigate whether this method can discriminate between patients and healthy control subjects. Methods Ten consecutive patients with intermittent claudication and 10 healthy control subjects were included. All subjects underwent vector cardiography triggered quantitative 2D cine MR phase-contrast imaging to obtain flow waveforms of the popliteal artery at rest and during reactive hyperemia. Resting flow, maximum hyperemic flow and absolute flow reserve were determined and compared between the two groups by two independent MRI readers. Also, interreader reproducibility of flow measures was reported. Results Resting flow was lower in patients compared to controls (4.9±1.6 and 11.1±3.2 mL/s in patients and controls, respectively (p<0.01)). Maximum hyperemic flow was 7.3±2.9 and 16.4±3.2 mL/s (p<0.01) and the absolute flow reserve was 2.4±1.6 and 5.3±1.3 mL/s (p<0.01), respectively in patients and controls. The interreader coefficient of variation was below 10% for all measures in both patients and controls. Conclusions Quantitative 2D MR cine phase-contrast imaging is a promising method to determine flow reserve measures in patients with peripheral arterial disease and can be helpful to discriminate patients with intermittent claudication from healthy controls.
Potential-field based navigation in StarCraft

Real-Time Strategy (Rts) games are a sub-genre of strategy games typically taking place in a war setting. Rts games provide a rich challenge for both human- and computer players (bots). Each player has a number of workers for gathering resources to be able to construct new buildings, train additional workers, build combat units and do research to unlock more powerful units or abilities. The goal is to create a strong army and destroy the bases of the opponent(s). Armies usually consists of a large number of units which must be able to navigate around the game world. The highly dynamic and real-time aspects of Rts games make pathfinding a challenging task for bots. Typically it is handled using pathfinding algorithms such as A*, which without adaptions does not cope very well with dynamic worlds. In this paper we show how a bot for StarCraft uses a combination of A* and potential fields to better handle the dynamic aspects of the game.
Implementing Frequency Selective Fading for OPNET's Wireless LAN Modules

In OFDM-based IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs, adapting the modulation type per sub-carrier to the frequency selectivity of the wireless channel leads to significant performance improvements. To integrate adaptive modulation into IEEE 802.11a/g networks, some minor modifications to the standard are needed in order to acquire the subcarrier gains and signalize the modulation assignments (on a per-packet basis), amongst others. However, to implement adaptive modulation in OPNET some changes have to be performed at the physical layer processing to include a frequency selective fading profile and to accurately compute packet error events based on the frequencyselective channel profile. We take an analytical approach for this and demonstrate a much more precise packet error behavior than with standard OPNET modules.
Supporting Modularization in Textual DSL Development

A domain-specific language DSL provides a notation tailored towards an application domain. The closer the language is to their target domain, the more useful the language is for developers. But this increment in the level of specificity raises the issue of duplication of concepts among different languages, and leads to the definition of a family of languages. Despite the advance in tool support for defining the abstract and concrete syntaxes of DSLs, developing a family of DSLs still requires a significant amount of duplicated effort. In this work we present an infrastructure for implementing families of textual DSLs. We introduce a technique based on XText that reduces the effort required to create editors and interpreters by enabling the modularization of the common features and the smooth specification of variability between the DSLs.
Development of a 12-Item Abbreviated Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale (3D-WS-12)

Wisdom has been reported to be associated with better mental health and quality of life among older adults. Over the past decades, there has been considerable growth in empirical research on wisdom, including the development of standardized measures. The 39-item Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale (3D-WS) is a useful assessment tool, given its rigorous development and good psychometric properties. However, the measure’s length can prohibit use. In this article, we used a sample of 1,546 community-dwelling adults aged 21 to 100 years (M = 66 years) from the Successful AGing Evaluation (SAGE) study to develop an abbreviated 12-item version of the 3D-WS: the 3D-WS-12. Balancing concerns for measurement precision, internal structure, and content validity, factor analytic methods and expert judgment were used to identify a subset of 12-items for the 3D-WS-12. Results suggest that the 3D-WS-12 can provide efficient and valid assessments of Wisdom within the context of epidemiological surveys.
Coons BVH for freeform geometric models

We present a compact representation for the bounding volume hierarchy (BVH) of freeform NURBS surfaces using Coons patches. Following the Coons construction, each subpatch can be bounded very efficiently using the bilinear surface determined by the four corners. The BVH of freeform surfaces is represented as a hierarchy of Coons patch approximation until the difference is reduced to within a given error bound. Each leaf node contains a single Coons patch, where a detailed BVH for the patch can be represented very compactly using two lists (containing curve approximation errors) of length proportional only to the height of the BVH. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our compact BVH representation using several experimental results from real-time applications in collision detection and minimum distance computation for freeform models.
Detecting the Intention to Move Upper Limbs from Electroencephalographic Brain Signals

Early decoding of motor states directly from the brain activity is essential to develop brain-machine interfaces (BMI) for natural motor control of neuroprosthetic devices. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the detection of movement information before the actual movement occurs. This information piece could be useful to provide early control signals to drive BMI-based rehabilitation and motor assisted devices, thus providing a natural and active rehabilitation therapy. In this work, electroencephalographic (EEG) brain signals from six healthy right-handed participants were recorded during self-initiated reaching movements of the upper limbs. The analysis of these EEG traces showed that significant event-related desynchronization is present before and during the execution of the movements, predominantly in the motor-related α and β frequency bands and in electrodes placed above the motor cortex. This oscillatory brain activity was used to continuously detect the intention to move the limbs, that is, to identify the motor phase prior to the actual execution of the reaching movement. The results showed, first, significant classification between relax and movement intention and, second, significant detection of movement intention prior to the onset of the executed movement. On the basis of these results, detection of movement intention could be used in BMI settings to reduce the gap between mental motor processes and the actual movement performed by an assisted or rehabilitation robotic device.