Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An English Grammar Checker as a Writing Aid for Students of English as a Second Language

This paper describes an implemented on-line English grammar checker for students of English as a second language. This sys-tem focuses on a limited category of frequently occurring grammatical mistakes in essays written by students in the English Language Programs at the University of X. The grammar checker exploits the syntactic domain of locality from a Combinatory Categorial Grammar for the purpose of identifying speci(cid:12)c types of grammatical mistakes as well as accepting grammatical expressions. It includes grammatical mistakes as ungrammatical variations of the constituents that can be related to given lexical entries in a categorial lexicon. The grammarchecker is developed using one set of essays and tested against another set of essays. Unpredicted grammatical mistakes are either incorporated into the next revision or left as they are, depending on the di(cid:14)culty and desirability of detecting them. The system also provides an interactive Internet interface for convenience of use. Finally, we discuss issues of constructing a full-scale English lexicon for an educational domain.
Complete genome sequence of Coriobacterium glomerans type strain (PW2T) from the midgut of Pyrrhocoris apterus L. (red soldier bug)

Coriobacterium glomerans Haas and König 1988, is the only species of the genus Coriobacterium, family Coriobacteriaceae, order Coriobacteriales, phylum Actinobacteria. The bacterium thrives as an endosymbiont of pyrrhocorid bugs, i.e. the red fire bug Pyrrhocoris apterus L. The rationale for sequencing the genome of strain PW2T is its endosymbiotic life style which is rare among members of Actinobacteria. Here we describe the features of this symbiont, together with the complete genome sequence and its annotation. This is the first complete genome sequence of a member of the genus Coriobacterium and the sixth member of the order Coriobacteriales for which complete genome sequences are now available. The 2,115,681 bp long single replicon genome with its 1,804 protein-coding and 54 RNA genes is part of the GenomicEncyclopedia ofBacteria andArchaea project.
Daesiho-Tang Is an Effective Herbal Formulation in Attenuation of Obesity in Mice through Alteration of Gene Expression and Modulation of Intestinal Microbiota

Background Obesity has become a major global health challenge due to its increasing prevalence, and the associated health risk. It is the main cause of various metabolic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke and certain forms of cancer. Methods and Results In the present study we evaluated the anti-obesity property of Daesiho-tang (DSHT), an herbal medicine, using high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice as a model. Our results showed that DSHT ameliorated body weight gain, decreased total body fat, regulated expression of leptin and adiponectin genes of adipose tissue and exerted an anti-diabetic effect by attenuating fasting glucose level and serum insulin level in HFD-fed animals. In addition, DSHT-treatment significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and increased high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) levels in serum and reduced deposition of fat droplets in liver. DSHT treatment resulted in significantly increased relative abundance of bacteria including Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, Akkermansia Bifidobacterium. , Lactobacillus, and decreased the level of Firmicutes. Using RT2 profiler PCR array, 39 (46%) genes were found to be differentially expressed in HFD-fed mice compared to normal control. However, normal gene expressions were restored in 36 (92%) genes of HFD-fed mice, when co-exposed to DSHT. Conclusion/Major Findings The results of this study demonstrated that DSHT is an effective herbal formulation in attenuation of obesity in HFD-fed mice through alteration of gene expressions and modulation of intestinal microbiota.
Perceived Duration Increases with Contrast, but Only a Little

Recent adaptation studies provide evidence for early visual areas playing a role in duration perception. One explanation for the pronounced duration compression commonly found with adaptation is that it reflects adaptation-driven stimulus-specific reduction in neural activity in early visual areas. If this level of stimulus-associated neural activity does drive duration, then we would expect a strong effect of contrast on perceived duration as electrophysiological studies shows neural activity in early visual areas to be strongly related to contrast. We employed a spatially isotropic noise stimulus where the luminance of each noise element was independently sinusoidally modulated at 4 Hz. Participants matched the perceived duration of a high (0.9) or low (0.1) contrast stimulus to a previously presented standard stimulus (600 ms, contrast = 0.3). To achieve perceptually equivalent durations, the low contrast stimulus had to be presented for longer than the high contrast stimulus. This occurred when we controlled for stimulus size and when we adjusted for individual differences in perceived temporal frequency. Further, we show that the effect cannot be explained by shifts in perceived onset and offset and is not explained by a simple contrast-driven response bias. The direction of our results is clearly consistent with the idea that level of neural activity drives duration. However, the magnitude of the effect (~10% duration difference over a 0.9–0.1 contrast reduction) is in marked contrast to the larger duration distortions that can be found with repetition suppression and the oddball effect; particularly when these may be associated with smaller differences in neural activity than that expected from our contrast difference. Taken together, these results indicate that level of stimulus-related neural activity in early visual areas is unlikely to provide a general mechanism for explaining differences in perceived duration.
Evaluation of the substrate noise effect on analog circuits in mixed-signal designs

This paper describes an approach used to simulate the bulk in such a way that we can evaluate the substrate noise effect on analog designs. For these simulations a simple model is used in order to reduce the time needed for the simulations. In this model we take into account the effect of the bonding wire and the bulk resistance. This simulation technique was applied to a sample and hold circuit.
Towards Checking Tampering of Software

Measuring integrity of software after deployment is important to ensure that software is not tampered with. Software tampering problem manifests itself in different ways: (i) done by an attacker to harm the user/system (e.g., infection by virus), and (ii) done by the user himself to use the software in ways that the creator of software did not intend/permit (e.g., tamper the software to bypass checks for subscription). In either case, software tampering can result in a great loss to resources, reputation, etc. and is a serious problem that demands robust solutions. Software providers would want to measure integrity of their software and also the environment in which it executes. This would help to ensure that the user does not tamper with the software so as to use it in unintended ways. For example, unlocking certain restricted features in a demo version. In Kosar, Christodorescu, & Iverson (2003), authors present a mechanism to bypass license checks usABSTRACT
Electromagnetic wave reflection and transmission by a fine-stratified semiconductor-dielectric periodic structure in an external magnetic field

Propagation of electromagnetic waves in a structure formed by periodically alternating semiconductor and dielectric layers is studied for the case where an external magnetic field is applied parallel to the boundaries of the layers. The expressions for effective permittivity were obtained in the long-wave limit. It was shown that, investigated structure represents a biaxial crystal. The dependence of transmission spectra of electromagnetic waves that propagate through a fine-stratified periodic structure on the external magnetic field, frequency and thicknesses of the layers was examined theoretically.
Proarrhythmia in KCNJ2-linked short QT syndrome: insights from modelling.

AIMS One form of the short QT syndrome (SQT3) has been linked to the D172N gain-in-function mutation to Kir2.1, which preferentially increases outward current through channels responsible for inward rectifier K(+) current (I(K1)). This study investigated mechanisms by which the Kir2.1 D172N mutation facilitates and perpetuates ventricular arrhythmias. METHODS AND RESULTS The ten Tusscher et al. model for human ventricular action potentials (APs) was modified to incorporate changes to I(K1) based on experimentally observed changes to Kir2.1 function: both heterozygous (WT-D172N) and homozygous (D172N) mutant scenarios were studied. Cell models were incorporated into heterogeneous one-dimensional (1D), 2D tissue, and 3D models to compute the restitution curves of AP duration (APD-R), effective refractory period (ERP-R), and conduction velocity (CV). Temporal and spatial vulnerability of ventricular tissue to re-entry was measured and dynamic behaviour of re-entrant excitation waves (lifespan and dominant frequency) in 2D and 3D models of the human ventricle was characterized. D172N 'mutant' I(K1) led to abbreviated APD and ERP, as well as steeper APD-R and ERP-R curves. It reduced tissue excitability at low excitation rates but increased it at high rates. It increased tissue temporal vulnerability for initiating re-entry, but reduced the minimal substrate size necessary to sustain re-entry. SQT3 'mutant' I(K1) also stabilized and accelerated re-entrant excitation waves, leading to sustained rapid re-entry. CONCLUSION Increased I(K1) due to the Kir2.1 D172N mutation increases arrhythmia risk due to increased tissue vulnerability, shortened ERP, and altered excitability, which in combination facilitate initiation and maintenance of re-entrant circuits.
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia among patients undergoing dialysis-focus on dialysis catheter-related cases

Background. Central venous catheter-related infections are the most common cause of nosocomial S. aureus bacteraemia in Denmark. Central venous catheters are often used for dialysis, and patients on dialysis often run into staphylococcal infections. The purpose of this study was to investigate S. aureus bacteraemia among dialysis patients, especially those related to dialysis catheters. Methods. This was a retrospective study of 14387 consecutive S. aureus bacteraemia cases during the period 1976-93, of which 793 cases occurred among dialysis patients. By reviewing the case records, 65 dialysis catheter-related cases were described more thoroughly. Results. The number of S. aureus bacteraemia cases among dialysis patients as a proportion of all cases in Denmark has increased from 5.2 to 14.7% during the study period, but the annual incidence among these patients has been almost stable during the period (median 5.7% (3.2-9.0%)). Patients on dialysis had a lower mortality than other patients with S. aureus bacteraemia (18.9 vs 29.0%), but a four times higher mortality from central venous catheter-related S. aureus bacteraemia (5.3 vs 1.3%, P<O.OOI). The mortality from dialysis catheter-related S. aureus bacteraemia was correlated with greater age (median 71 years (57-73) vs median 56.5 years (15-76), P<O.OI) and with septic shock (55.5 vs 7.1%, P<0.05). Patients on dialysis had a lower frequency of S. aureus endocarditis (3.3 vs 5.4%, P<O.OI) and of S. aureus bone and joint infections (3.3 vs 8.2%, P<O.OOI) than other patients. Patients undergoing dialysis had a later onset of catheter-related S. aureus bacteraemia than other patients (median 15 days (1-145) vs 5 days (1-134), P<0.05). Conclusions. Patients on dialysis are at a high risk of S. aureus bacteraemia and they have a four times higher mortality from central venous catheter-related S. aureus bacteraemia than other patients. There is Correspondence and offprint requests to: Janne Nielsen MD, Department of Research and Development, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. need for prospective studies in which patients as well as catheters are followed more thoroughly to study the pathogenesis of dialysis catheter-related infections.
On being a non-white academic in physical education and sport pedagogy

ABSTRACT Conversation regarding the challenges and pressures that Early Career Academics (ECAs) face in the current context of the neoliberal university sector has begun to grow generally, and in the field of Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy (PESP) in particular. However, the additional challenges faced by non-white PESP academics in their early careers have, as yet, been absent from the ECA conversation. In this paper, I draw upon my own experiences as a non-white, female ECA with English as an additional language (EAL), working in the field of PESP in a developed English-speaking country, to explore racialised discourses and practices in the academia. To do so, I make use of a critical whiteness lens and an autoethnographic approach. In the analysis of the narratives, I invite others to reflect on how race is socially constructed, on the ‘extra effort’ that non-white academics with EAL must expend in order to survive colour-blind academia, and on the limited options for agency among non-white ECAs. The paper concludes with reflections on how academics need to open the dialogue ‘just a bit more’ to include non-white academics in the conversation about ECAs working in neoliberal university contexts to create spaces for equitable work.
Gait motion analysis based on WB-4 sensor with quaternion algorithm

Up to now, with the increasing of the elderly population, more and more patients are suffering from hemiplegia. The needs for hemiplegic rehabilitation is increasing quickly. As traditional rehabilitation, each patient must be treated by therapist, one by one. However, because of the different levels of therapists, the rehabilitation cannot be performed as the as the same. Normally, the rehabilitation status diagnosing is still be performed by therapists with the subjective experience. It caused the inhomogeneity on rehabilitation evaluation. It also sometimes causes negative influence on the rehabilitation effect. To solve these problems, many researches focusing on assessing the status of the hemiplegic patients quantitatively are proposed rehabilitation evaluation systems. Rehabilitation motion detection is the basis of the evaluation system, and it requires the participation of therapist. In this paper, a method is presented to detect lower limb motion of hemiplegic patients based on inertial sensor technology. The gesture quaternion of lower limb can be obtained through LPMS. With the matrix and Euler angle changing algorithm, combining with the simplified lower limb motion model, the rotation angle of joint can be computed. Finally, the curve of rotation angle of knee is established.
A Robust Wavelet-Based Watermarking Scheme Using Quantization and Human Visual System Model

In this paper, a highly robust watermarking scheme based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is proposed. It has the following features. First, unlike conventional proposed watermarking techniques, a watermark is embedded into the lowest frequency components. Second, the Human Visual System (HVS) model is adopted to improve the transparency of the watermarked image. Several experiments are conducted to demonstrate the robustness property of this watermarking scheme. Furthermore, it i s worthwhile to mention that the proposed scheme is resistant to the counterfeiting attack. In addition, comparison of the proposed scheme with other state-of-the-art watermarking schemes based on DWT shows that our scheme is more effective.
Benefits of Structured After-School Literacy Tutoring by University Students for Struggling Elementary Readers

ABSTRACT This study examines the effectiveness of minimally trained tutors providing a highly structured tutoring intervention for struggling readers. We screened students in Grades K–6 for participation in an after-school tutoring program. We randomly assigned those students not meeting the benchmark on a reading screening measure to either a tutoring group or a control group. Students in the tutoring group met twice per week across one school year to receive tutoring from non–education major college students participating in a service-learning course. The goal of this study was to determine whether tutors without prior teaching experience or instruction could improve student reading outcomes with minimal training, a structured reading curriculum, and access to ongoing coaching. Tutored students displayed significantly more growth than control students in letter-word identification, decoding, and passage comprehension, with robust effect sizes of 0.99, 1.02, and 0.78, respectively. We discuss the implications and limitations of these findings.
Unsupervised detection of local errors in image registration

Image registration is used extensively in medical imaging. Visual assessment of its quality is time consuming and not necessarily accurate. Automatic estimation of registration accuracy is desired for many clinical applications. Current methods rely on learning a relationship between image features and registration error. In this paper we propose an unsupervised method for the detection of local registration errors of a user-specified magnitude. Our method analyses the consistency error of registration circuits, does not require image intensity information, and achieves an error detection accuracy of 82% for 3D liver MRI registration of breathing phases.
Plateforme Ouverte de Supervision et de Traçabilité pour les Environnements Confinés

Les environnements confines sont caracterises par un ensemble de normes d'usage et de concep- tion tres strictes. Dans les environnements confines medicaux, ou il s'agit notamment de lutter contre les infections liees aux soins, il n'existe actuellement pas d'outil permettant d'en realiser la qualification avant usage, la supervision pendant usage et l'audit apres usage. Cette lacune tient a la difficulte de rassembler les differents elements intriques constituant le profil de l'envi- ronnement confine medical (l'arrangement des locaux, les normes de conception et d'usage, l'ins- trumentation y etant deployee) en un seul modele qu'il serait possible de valider statiquement et d'utiliser dynamiquement afin de le confronter a un flot d'evenements. Cette problematique constitue le cadre d'une these de doctorat, debutee recemment en partenariat avec un industriel de la sante, visant a definir une plateforme logicielle ouverte permettant de satisfaire les besoins de tracabilite avant, pendant et apres usage. Cet article s'attachera a introduire le contexte, de- tailler les besoins et la problematique, et presenter les axes de recherche envisages et les travaux en cours.
A brain-computer interface using binary phase-shift keying visual stimuli

Steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) enable brain-computer interfaces to achieve efficient performance in command detection accuracy and information transfer rate (ITR). However, a limited bandwidth of SSVEPs causes a limited number of possible command in BCIs. Moreover since the amplitude of SSVEP at a particular frequency depends on users, some BCI commands could be executed easily (higher accuracy) and the others hardly (lower accuracy). To solve these problems, the present paper proposes a paradigm of BCI using phase-modulated visual stimuli. The commands of BCI are represented by a combination of binary codes. Two different phases of flickering stimuli correspond to binary codes. A command is determined by the sequence of binary codes which is demodulated from the phases of SSVEP. This protocol can be analogues of binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) in digital communications. Experimental results show that the proposed paradigm achieves even probabilities of command execution, although only a single electrode was used for SSVEP detection.
Opinion Marks : A Human-Based Computation Approach to Instill Structure into Unstructured Text on the Web

Despite recent improvements in computational approaches such as machine learning, natural language processing, and computational linguistics, making a computer understand human-generated unstructured text still remains a difficult problem to solve. To alleviate the challenges, we propose an approach called “Opinion Marks,” which enables writers to mark positive and negative aspects of a topic on their own text. In addition, Opinion Marks incorporates an automatic marking suggestion algorithm to offload a user’s marking effort. The phrases marked with Opinion Marks can be further used to clarify the sentiments of other text in a similar context. We implemented Opinion Marks at a question answering website http://caniask.net. To test the efficacy of Opinion Marks, we conducted a crowdsourced experiment with 144 participants in a between-subject design under three different conditions: 1) human marking only; 2) machine marking only (automatic marking suggestion); and 3) human-machine collaboration (Opinion Marks). This study revealed that Opinion Marks significantly improves the quality of marked phrases and usability of the system.
ANTI-ANGIOGENIC THERAPY IN CANCER TREATMENT AS AN OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEM

Anti-angiogenic therapy is a novel treatment approach in cancer therapy that aims at preventing a tumor from developing its own blood supply system that it needs for growth. In this paper a mathematical model for anti-angiogenic treatments based on a biologically validated model by Hahnfeldt, Panigrahy, Folkman and Hlatky is analyzed as an optimal control problem and a full solution of the problem is given. Geometric methods from optimal control theory are utilized to arrive at the solution.
Testing of interconnections with use of reduced-size signature-based diagnostic dictionary

The paper presents a new method for size reduction of a signature-based diagnostic dictionary that is normally used for testing of static and delay faults in interconnections that are tested by means of an R-LFSR ring register. The newly developed method, similarly to the previous studies of the authors, assume that the n-bit bus under test is split into b fragments with their width of k bits each. Next, each fragment of the bus is tested with use of a separate 2k-bit R-LFSR. This paper, suggests subdivision of the test procedure into four phases and alternate operation of odd and even registers. Such an approach eliminates effect of mutual impact between states of neighbouring R-LFSR's in case of shorts between feedback lines of these registers. These possible interactions were a drawback of previous solutions as they limited the possibility to reduce size of the diagnostic dictionary. Owing to application of this new technique to full detection, localization and identification of all the considered faults that may occur on an n-bit bus, the new solution needs much smaller dictionary, where its size is determined by the multiplicity r of faults within each k-bit fragment, even if the bus width n≫k.