Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Fertility Practices during Roadside Establishment in Mississippi to Minimize Nonpoint Source Pollutants

Runoff during the revegetation of roadsides can transport sediment and nutrients offsite, leading to surface water quality reductions. Two field experiments were conducted near Starkville, Mississippi in 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the influence of various nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) sources and rates, fertilization timing, and mulch type on vegetative establishment and nutrient and sediment runoff losses. Stainless steel runoff frames (0.75 x 2.0 m) were installed in a randomized complete block with eight treatments and four replications during both experiments. A bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Shreb), sericea lespedeza [Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don], and common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ] mixture was seeded within each frame during Experiment I. Crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) was added for Experiment II. Fertilization of Experiment I consisted of 73.5 or 147 kg N ha-1 as 13-13-13, poultry litter, ammonium nitrate, stabilized urea, polymer coated urea, or diammonium phosphate. Experiment II mulching materials consisted of wheat straw and seven hydromulches; paper fiber, wood fiber, wood/paper fiber blend, flexible growth medium (FGM), extended term-FGM (ET-FGM), bonded fiber matrix (BFM). Runoff from natural and simulated rainfall was analyzed for PO43--P, total P (TP), NH4+-N, NO3- -N, total N (TN), and total solids (TS). Weekly percent vegetative coverage ratings were collected during both experiments. Experiment I results suggest fertilization program did not have an influence on vegetative establishment or TS runoff losses. Generally, the greatest N and P runoff losses occurred during the first runoff event following fertilization. Splitting 147 kg N ha-1 into two separate applications increased N and P losses. Application of organic plus inorganic P increased orthophosphate in runoff compared to inorganic P alone. Experiment II results indicate straw was the most effective mulch for increasing vegetative establishment and limiting solids and nutrients in runoff. However, lack of fertilizer prill dissolution may have influenced N and P runoff losses during dry conditions. FGM, ET-FGM, and BFM were more effective than paper, wood, and paper/wood fiber in reducing solids and nutrients in runoff. These experiments will provide vegetation coordinators with beneficial information regarding fertilization and mulching practices with the least environmental impact.
Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): Activity and Infestation in the High Mountain and Blue Mountain Regions of Jamaica

Simple Summary The coffee berry borer (CBB; Hypothenemus hampei) is an invasive beetle that causes extensive damage to coffee plantations worldwide. Controlling the CBB is difficult because it primarily resides inside coffee berries during its lifecycle, which limits the effectiveness of insecticide applications. Identifying periods of heightened female CBB flight activity can assist growers in making management decisions and evaluating integrated pest management programmes. This study monitored seasonal CBB activity using traps on coffee farms in the high mountain and Blue Mountain regions in Jamaica. Trap collection numbers were compared with berry infestation in the field. The highest CBB infestation levels occurred in November and October in the high mountain region and Blue Mountain region, respectively, coinciding with the presence of susceptible berries. CBB activity and infestation were similar in both study locations and were not significantly influenced by temperature or humidity; however, there was a notable correlation between CBB activity and infestation and the amount of rainfall. Differences in cultural control practices and cropping cycles were also observed between locations. The study lays the groundwork for understanding the dynamics of CBB populations in Jamaica, which is crucial for managing the beetle. Abstract Jamaica produces coffee marketed as Blue Mountain and high mountain (grown outside the Blue Mountains). Since the discovery of the coffee berry borer (CBB; Hypothenemus hampei) in Jamaica in 1978, chemical control has traditionally been the primary approach used to protect the crop from the pest. However, in the last 20 years, there has been an effort to shift towards more sustainable management strategies. The study was conducted to determine CBB activity (trap catch) and field infestation on coffee farms in the high mountains and Blue Mountains of Jamaica, over a crop cycle. A total of 27,929 and 12,921 CBBs were captured at high mountain and Blue Mountain farms, respectively. Peak CBB activity occurred in April in the high mountain region (365 CBBs/trap/month) and February in the Blue Mountain region (129 CBBs/trap/month). The highest levels of infestation were in November (33%) and October (34%) in the high mountain region and Blue Mountain region, respectively. There was no significant difference in the patterns of CBB activity and infestation between the study locations, and neither were related to the temperature or relative humidity. However, there was a significant relationship with rainfall. These data suggest that the population dynamics of the CBB may involve complex interactions among weather conditions, berry development, and agronomic practices.
Anglų kalbos rizominio mokymosi kartografija: einant mokinių nomadiškų klajonių takais

Vyresniųjų klasių mokinių anglų kalbos rizominis mokymasis apima savaiminio mokymosi ir iš dalies neformaliojo mokymosi veiklas, kurios analizuojamos taikant Deleuze ir Guattari (2004) rizomos principus: jungimosi ir heterogeniškumo, daugialypumo ir pertrūkio, kartografijos ir dekalkomanijos. Šiame straipsnyje atskleidžiamas mokinių daugialypis mokymosi kelias, kurį galima pavaizduoti grafiškai bei išskirti veiklas, kurios būdingos sėkmingam anglų kalbos mokymuisi.
Coordinación motora: influencia de la edad, sexo, estatus socio-económico y niveles de adiposidad en niños peruanos

Caracterizar el nivel de la coordinacion motora (CoM) y determinar la infl uencia de la edad, sexo, estatus socioeconomico y de la adiposidad subcutanea en la CoM de escolares peruanos de seis a los once anos de edad. El tamano de la muestra comprendio a 4,007 ninos (mujeres= 1889; varones= 2118) de escuelas del area metropolitana de Lima, Peru. La CoM fue determinado a traves de la bateria de pruebas KTK (Kiphard y Schilling, 1974) que comprende cuatropruebas: equilibrio a la retaguardia (ER), saltos laterales (SL), saltos monopedales (SM) y transposicion lateral (TL). La adiposidad subcutanea fue establecida a partir de la suma de los pliegues cutaneos del triceps, subescapular y pantorrilla. El estatuto socioeconomico (ESE) fue evaluado segun la localizacion fisica de cada escuela (tipo de vecindad). Los analisisestadisticos exploratorios, descriptivos e inferenciales (ANOVA II asi como modelos lineales de regresion) fueron realizados en SPSS 15. Existen incrementos significativos de valores medios de las pruebas de KTK en ambos sexos y a lo largo de la edad. Los ninos con adiposidad elevada presentan rendimientos inferiores en todas las pruebas. Los ninos superan a las ninas. El ESE alto presenta una influencia mayor solo en la prueba de SM, y el ESE bajo ha demostrado ser relevanteen la ejecucion de ER. Conclusiones - La CoM es altamente especifica a cada genero. El nivel de adiposidad presenta una influencia negativa en cada prueba de coordinacion, tambien en la coordinacion total. El ESE no parece ser un predictor concluyente de la coordinacion motora en ninos. The objective of this study was to describe motor coordination (CoM) levels, in addition to the infl uence of age, socioeconomic status (SES), sex and subcutaneous adiposity on the CoM of Peruvian children aged six to eleven years. The sample size was 4007 children (n=1889 females; n=2118 males) from several schools in the metropolitan area of Lima, Peru. CoM was assessed with the KTK (Kiphard and Schilling, 1974) test battery that includes 4 tests: balancing backward (BB), hopping on one leg (HO), jumping sideways (JS) and shifting platforms (SP). Subcutaneous adiposity included the sum of several skinfolds: triceps, subscapular and calf. Socioeconomic status (SES) was evaluated according to the physical location of each school (type of neighborhood). Exploratory, descriptive and inferential statistical analyses (ANOVA II as well as regression linear models) were performed using SPSS 15. Signifi cant increases in mean values of CoM were observed in both sexes and across age. Children with high adiposity exhibited lower performance in all tests. Boys outperformed girls. High SES has a greater infl uence only on HO, and a low SES proved relevant to BB performance. It can be concluded that CoM is highly specifi c to each gender. Body fat levels have a negative infl uence on each coordination test, as well as on overall coordination. SES does not seem to be a conclusive predictor of motor coordination in children.
Biotransformation of Deoxynivalenol by a Dual-Member Bacterial Consortium Isolated from Tenebrio molitor Larval Feces

In this study, a dual-member bacterial consortium with the ability to oxidize deoxynivalenol (DON) to 3-keto-DON, designated SD, was first screened from the feces of Tenebrio molitor larvae. This consortium consisted of Pseudomonas sp. SD17-1 and Devosia sp. SD17-2, as determined by 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analysis. A temperature of 30 °C, a pH of 8.0–9.0, and an initial inoculum concentration ratio of Devosia to Pseudomonas of 0.1 were optimal single-factor parameters for the DON oxidation activity of the bacterial consortium SD. Genome-based bioinformatics analysis revealed the presence of an intact PQQ biosynthesis operon (pqqFABCDEG) and four putative pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes in the genomes of Pseudomonas strain SD17-1 and Devosia strain SD17-2, respectively. Biochemical analyses further confirmed the PQQ-producing phenotype of Pseudomonas and the DON-oxidizing enzymatic activities of two of four PQQ-dependent ADHs in Devosia. The addition of PQQ-containing a cell-free fermentation supernatant from Pseudomonas activated DON-oxidizing activity of Devosia. In summary, as members of the bacterial consortium SD, Pseudomonas and Devosia play indispensable and complementary roles in SD’s oxidation of DON. Specifically, Pseudomonas is responsible for producing the necessary PQQ cofactor, whereas Devosia expresses the PQQ-dependent DON dehydrogenase, together facilitating the oxidation of DON.
The Validity of the Halloween Effect in the Istanbul Stock Exchange

In this study, we analyze the validity of Halloween effect in Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) between January 1990 - December 2010 which implies stock returns are lower during the May-October period versus the November-April period. As well as the Least Squares Method, we use Huber’s M-estimator which is a robust estimator against to outliers, and conclude that there is no Halloween effect in the ISE which shows the finding of Bouman and Jacobsen (2002) is due to disregarding outliers.
Chard powder as natural source of nitrites for fermented dried sausages: physicochemical and microbiological studies

Nitrites are added to sausage products to accelerate ripening, improve color and microbiological indicators. Chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla) is one of the best natural sources of nitrites, as it contains a lot of nitrates – 1680 mg/kg in a fresh vegetable. However, chard has not been used as a source of nitrites in sausage technology and in cooking it is used only in fresh, boiled or sautéed form. There are no technologies for industrial drying and processing of chard into powder. Chard powder was obtained by microwave vacuum drying and grinding to 200 microns, which was determined by the appropriate sieve size. Five samples of fermented dried sausages were prepared and evaluated during the ripening process: C1 (without nitrite and sodium nitrate), C2 (100 mg/kg sodium nitrite and 100 mg/kg sodium nitrate), M1 (0.5 % chard powder), M2 (1 % chard powder) and M3 (1.5 % chard powder). With the addition of 1.5 % chard powder (Sample M3), the protein content increased by 22.74 %, ash content increased by 41.82 %, and dietary fiber content increased by 93.75 % compared to the control sample C2. Nitrite was formed from chard powder during the ripening process, especially in treatments M2 and M3. After the entire production process of fermented dried sausages for 35 days, nitrates were detected only in sample C2. The yield of fermented dried sausages enriched with chard powder decreased by 15.95 % compared to the control sample C2. Chard powder improved the microbiological parameters of sausage products, especially in sample M3. The content of aerobic mesophilic bacteria increased by 5.84 % and the content of lactic acid bacteria increased by 8.96 % in sample M3 compared to control C2 after 35 days of fermentation and drying, which is related to the activity of the starter. The organoleptic parameters of fermented dried sausages enriched with chard powder for samples M2 and M3 were better in terms of color and texture. The results of the analysis of nutritional value, pH, nitrites and nitrates indicate the effectiveness of adding 1.5 % chard powder (Sample M3) obtained by microwave vacuum drying as a potential source of nitrites in fermented dried sausages.
UNVEILING STUDENT MOTIVATIONS: A STUDY OF CHATGPT USAGE IN EDUCATION

This research delves into the Uses and Gratifications of ChatGpt among students, employing a quantitative approach with surveys as the primary data collection tool. The study's primary objective is to uncover the motivations behind students' usage of ChatGpt, leading to a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing their preferences. The analysis reveals that students predominantly utilize ChatGpt for Academic Content Creation, Information Seeking, Novelty, and Convenience. These findings provide valuable insights that can inform the development of more effective AI communication tools tailored to student needs. Moreover, this study expands the realm of the Uses and Gratification theory by investigating the motivations underlying the usage of ChatGpt, an artificial intelligence language model. The outcomes of this research hold significance for academics, researchers, and AI developers, contributing to their understanding of how individuals engage with and derive meaning from media in their daily lives.
Evaluation of Pallet Covers Performance for Produce Protection in Cold Chain Logistics for Chard, Cucumbers and Carrots

Cold chain disruption and refrigeration failures are common issues in the logistics of perishable food products. In these cases, the use of pallet covers should be very useful, delaying the increase of product temperatures inside the pallets until cooling conditions are restored. However, there are no studies about the performance of pallet covers in these types of situations, which could persist for hours. This paper evaluates the performance of three different types of cold chain covers versus having no cover for three different types of vegetables (chard, cucumbers, and carrots). A refrigeration failure during the cold chain was simulated. The three covers presented an improvement in temperature loss compared to the no-cover situation, with the average time for the temperature to increase from 4 to 10 °C with a cover being a range of 214 to 506 min, while for no cover, from 162 to 211 min. Relative humidity (RH) always presented improved preservation with a cover than with no cover, except for one case. The correlation between the thermal images and sensor temperatures was also studied.
On The Design of Nonlinear PID Controller for Nonlinear Quadrotor System

A nonlinear PID controller is proposed to stabilize the motion of a 6-DOF quadrotor and enforce it to track a given trajectory with minimum energy and error. We used the complete nonlinear model of the quadrotor in the design process, taking into account the velocity and acceleration vectors to keep the quadrotor model more accurate and close to the actual system. The asymptotic stability of the closed- loop system is proved using Lyapunov stability theorem under certain conditions. The simulations have been accomplished under MATLAB environment and included three different trajectories, i.e., circular, helical, and square. The proposed nonlinear PID controller has been compared with the linear PID one and the simulations showed the effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear PID controller in terms of speed, control energy, and steady-state error.
A Comparison of Two Models of Urgency

The aim of this study was to test two competing theories concerning the trait of urgency: (a) Urgency reflects the tendency to act rashly/impulsively when emotional, or (b) urgency reflects a general reflexive responsivity to emotions that can lead either to rash action or to ill-advised inaction and thus to either impulsive behavior or depression. Following prior findings that fifth-grade urgency predicted sixth-grade impulsive behavior, we tested whether urgency also predicted sixth-grade depression (n = 1,906). After controlling for sex, early pubertal onset, fifth-grade depression, fifth-grade engagement in addictive behaviors, negative affect, positive affect, and other impulsivity-related traits, fifth-grade urgency level did predict higher levels of depression at the end of sixth grade. This finding is consistent with the view that urgency can lead either to rash action or to ill-advised inaction. Urgency may be of transdiagnostic importance, contributing to both internalizing and externalizing dysfunction.
Organic Compounds, Radiocarbon, Trace Elements and Atmospheric Transport Illuminating Sources of Elemental Carbon in a 300‐Year Svalbard Ice Core

Black carbon (BC) particles produced by incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels warm the atmosphere and decrease the reflectivity of snow and ice, hastening their melt. Although the significance of BC in Arctic climate change is widely acknowledged, observations on its deposition and sources are few. We present BC source types in a 300‐year (1700–2005) Svalbard ice core by analysis of particle‐bound organic compounds, radiocarbon, and trace elements. According to the radiocarbon results, 58% of the deposited elemental carbon (EC, thermal‐optical proxy of BC) is of non‐fossil origin throughout the record, while the organic compounds suggest a higher percentage (68%). The contribution of fossil fuels to EC is suggested to have been elevated between 1860 and 1920, particularly based on the organics and trace element data. A second increase in fossil fuel sources seems to have occurred near the end of the record: according to radiocarbon measurements between 1960 and 1990, while the organics and trace element data suggest that the contribution of fossil fuels has increased since the 1970s to the end of the record, along with observed increasing EC deposition. Modeled atmospheric transport between 1948 and 2004 shows that increasing EC deposition observed at the glacier during that period can be associated with increased atmospheric transport from Far East Asia. Further observational BC source data are essential to help target climate change mitigation efforts. The combination of robust radiocarbon with organic compound analyses requiring low sample amounts seems a promising approach for comprehensive Arctic BC source apportionment.
Protocol for the High-quality Plasmid Isolation from Different Recalcitrant Bacterial Species: Agrobacterium spp., Rhizobium sp., and Bacillus thuringiensis

High yield of good quality plasmid DNA from gram -ve bacteria (Agrobacterium tumefaciens, A. rhizogenes, and Rhizobium sp.) and gram +ve bacterium (Bacillus thuringiensis) is difficult. The widely used plasmid extraction kits for Escherichia coli yield a low quantity of poor-quality plasmid DNA from these species. We have optimized an in-house modification of the QIAprep Spin Miniprep kit protocol of Qiagen, consisting of two extraction steps. In the first, the centrifugation after adding neutralization buffer is followed by ethanol (absolute) precipitation of plasmid DNA. In the second extraction step, the precipitated DNA is dissolved in Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer, followed by an addition of 0.5 volumes of 5 M sodium chloride and 0.1 volumes of 20% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate. After incubation at 65 °C for 15 min, the plasmid DNA is extracted with an equal volume of chloroform:isoamyl alcohol (CIA). RNase (20 mg/mL) is added to the upper phase retrieved after centrifugation and is incubated at 37 °C for 15 min. The extraction of the plasmid DNA with an equal volume of CIA is followed by centrifugation and is precipitated from the retrieved upper phase by adding an equal volume of absolute ethanol. The pellet obtained after centrifugation is washed twice with 70% (v/v) ethanol, air dried, dissolved in TE buffer, and quantified. This easy-to-perform protocol is free from phenol extraction, density gradient steps, and DNA binding columns, and yields high-quality plasmid DNA. The protocol opens an easy scale up to yield a large amount of high-quality plasmid DNA, useful for high-throughput downstream applications. Key features The protocol is free from density gradient steps and use of phenol. The protocol is an extension of the QIAprep Spin Miniprep kit (Qiagen) and is applicable for plasmid DNA isolation from difficult-to-extract bacterial species. The protocol facilitates the direct transformation of the ligation product into Agrobacterium by skipping the step of E. coli transformation. The plasmids isolated are of sequencing grade and the method is useful for extracting plasmids for metagenomic studies. Graphical overview Overview of the plasmid isolation protocol (modified QIAprep Spin Miniprep kit) of the present study
APAP Treatment Acceptance Rate and Cost-Effectiveness of Telemedicine in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose This study evaluated the treatment acceptance rate and cost-effectiveness of the telemedicine model in clinical practice for adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Patients and Methods Patients admitted to the sleep center for snoring were randomly divided into telemedicine and control groups. Patients diagnosed with moderate-to-severe OSA using the Home Sleep Apnea Test (HSAT) were voluntarily treated with auto-adjusted positive airway pressure (APAP) therapy. The acceptance rate of the APAP treatment, cost of patient visits, time cost, and labor cost of doctors in the two groups were observed. Results A total of 57 subjects were included, with an average age of 40.12±11.73 years, including 47 males (82.5%); 26 patients were in the telemedicine group, and 31 were in the control group. Follow-up results showed that the acceptance rate of APAP treatment was 57.7% and 54.8% in the telemedicine and control groups, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.829). The cost-benefit analysis showed that the telemedicine group reduced the cost of patients’ medical treatment [−457.84(−551.19,1466.87)] but increased the extra intervention frequency and time outside the doctor’s office. Further analysis showed that male subjects of older age, higher education level, distant residence, no fatty liver, poor sleep quality, severe insomnia, and higher OSA severity were more likely to receive telemedicine diagnosis and treatment. Conclusion The APAP treatment acceptance rate and compliance of OSA patients in the telemedicine group were similar to those in the control group, and the cost of patients’ medical treatment was reduced. However, telemedicine increases the frequency and duration of additional out-of-hospital interventions.