Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Factors Associated with Adherence to Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation Among Urban and Rural Pregnant Women in North Western Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia: Comparative Study

Introduction: Iron deficiency is the leading nutrient deficiency in the world affecting the lives of more than 2 billion people, accounting to over 30% of the world’s population. Pregnant women are particularly at high risk of iron deficiency. Objective: To determine and compare the adherence rate and identify factors associated with iron folic acid supplementation among urban and rural pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in North Western Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods: An institution based comparative cross sectional study was employed among 358 urban and 356 rural pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in North Western Zone of Tigray from March to April 2014. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with adherence to iron-folic acid supplementation among urban and rural pregnant women. All tests were two-sided and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The rate of adherence to iron folic acid supplementation among the pregnant women in the urban and rural communities was 37.2% (95%CI, 32.26%-42.25%) and 28.9% (95%CI, 24.4%-33.81%) respectively indicating that there was no significant difference among the two groups with regard to adherence to iron-folic acid supplementation. The independent predictors for maternal adherence to iron folic acid supplementation were early registration (AOR= 1.778, 95% CI= 1.076– 2.936), having four or more visits (AOR=3.784, 95%CI=2.073-6.909), previous anemia (AOR=1.913, 95%CI=1.135-3.223), and current anemia (AOR= 0.408, 95%CI=0.224-0.744) for urban pregnant women. Similarly, elderly age (AOR=0.527, 95%CI=0.315-0.881), early registration (AOR=1.918, 95%CI=1.116-3.296), previous anemia (AOR= 2.472, 95%CI=1.352-4.517) and current anemia (AOR=0.400, 95%CI=0.214-0.749) were the independent predictors for maternal adherence to iron folic acid supplementation for the rural pregnant women. Conclusion: Adherence rate to iron-folic acid supplementation in both urban and rural communities were very low. Comprehensive nutrition education should focus on the importance of adherence to iron folic acid tablets both for urban and rural pregnant women.
The behavior of dietary fiber in the gastrointestinal tract determines its physiological effect

ABSTRACT A diet rich in dietary fiber (DF) is considered healthy and recommended dietary intake of DF is established all over the world. The physiological effect of DF is mostly related to its behavior during digestion. In this review, the behavior of DF in the human digestive tract is discussed and linked to its physiological effect with special attention to four aspects of such behavior: (i) the modulation of bioavailability by the plant cell walls, (ii) the effect of DF on the rheological and colloidal state of digesta, (iii) the binding of DF with phenolic compounds, bile salts, mineral ions, and digestive enzymes, and (iv) DF fermentation in the large intestine and the corresponding effect on microbiota composition. It is stressed that the detailed chemical characterization of DF is crucial to explain its effect on health and that DF behavior in the digestive tract can be modulated by interactions with other food and meal components so that information of the bare content in DF of food is not sufficient to predict its physiological effect.
[Apoptosis induced by cantharidin in human pulmonary carcinoma cells A549 and its molecular mechanisms].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the apoptosis-inducing effect of cantharidin in human lung cancer cells A549 and its molecular mechanisms. METHODS MTT assay was used to determine A549 cells proliferation. Light and electron microscopy, FACScan, Annexin V-FITC staining and DNA gel electrophoresis were used to detect apoptosis. The expression of bcl-2, Bax and survivin were examined by Western blot. RESULTS Cantharidin inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells. The cells treated with cantharidin showed a typical apoptotic morphology and hypodiploid peak before G(1) phase. Flow cytometry analysis with annexin quantitatively further confirmed the increase of cell apoptosis. DNA of treated A549 cells depicted a ladder pattern characteristic of apoptosis, indicating the presence of DNA fragmentation. Western blot assay showed that cantharidin increased the level of Bax expression and inhibited the level of bcl-2 and survivin expression. CONCLUSION Cantharidin can induce A549 cells apoptosis mainly via regulation of Bax, bcl-2 and survivin expression.
Protein Kinase-Dependent Mechanisms Tyrosine Kinase- and Mitogen-Activated Transcription, Protein Synthesis, and Articular Chondrocytes via De Novo of Metalloproteinases-3 Gene Expression in Oncostatin M Up-Regulates Tissue Inhibitor

Cytokines and growth factors regulate physiologic and pathologic turn-over of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) by altering the balance between tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Oncostatin M (OSM) is a cytokine of the IL-6 family whose levels are increased in the serum and synovial ﬂuids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We examined responsiveness of the TIMP-3 gene to OSM in articular chondrocytes and studied the regulatory and signaling mechanisms of this response. OSM induced TIMP-3 mRNA and protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Concomitantly, stromelysin-1 and collagenase-1 RNA and activities were also induced. A cartilage matrix growth factor, TGF- b , induced TIMP-3, but combined OSM and TGF- b did not further increase the extent of induction, suggesting a lack of synergy between the two. OSM induction of TIMP-3 gene expression was dependent upon de novo protein synthesis and transcription. RNA decay time-courses suggested that the OSM-mediated increase of TIMP-3 RNA was not due to enhanced message stability and, along with inhibition by actinomycin-D, suggested a transcriptional control. The antiinﬂammatory glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, down-regulated this augmentation. Investigation of the signaling mechanisms revealed that protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and herbimycin A, as well as the speciﬁc mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase inhibitor PD98059, suppressed OSM-induced TIMP-3 message expression, suggesting the involvement of tyrosine kinases and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades in the signaling of OSM leading to TIMP-3 RNA enhancement. Thus OSM can potentially alter the cartilage
FEMORAL HEAD AND NECK EXCISION ARTHROPLASTY IN A LEOPARD TORTOISE (STIGMOCHELYS PARDALIS)

Abstract: Cases of femoral head and neck excision arthroplasty are infrequently reported in reptiles, and details of surgical technique and clinical outcome in chelonia are lacking. An adult female leopard tortoise (Stigmochelys pardalis) was presented with chronic non–weight-bearing lameness of the left hind limb. Examination and radiography were consistent with coxofemoral luxation, and as a result of the chronic presentation, surgical intervention was recommended. A cranial approach to the joint via the prefemoral fossa afforded good surgical exposure. A depressed lytic acetabular lesion was noted during the procedure, postulated to be a result of abnormal wear from the luxated femoral head. A fiberglass prop was used during recovery to allow extension of the limb without full weight-bearing. Lameness persisted postoperatively, but limb usage significantly improved.
Antagomirs Targeting MiroRNA-134 Attenuates Epilepsy in Rats through Regulation of Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Functions and Autophagy

The effects of the existing anti-epileptic drugs are unsatisfactory to almost one third of epileptic patients. MiR-134 antagomirs prevent pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. In this study, a lithium chloride-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus model was established and treated with intracerebroventricular injection of antagomirs targeting miR-134 (Ant-134). The Ant-134 treatment significantly improved the performance of rats in Morris water maze tests, inhibited mossy fiber sprouting in the dentate gyrus, and increased the survival neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region. Silencing of miR-134 remarkably decreased malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal levels and increased superoxide dismutase activity in the hippocampus. The Ant-134 treatment also significantly increased the production of ATP and the activities of mitochondrial respiratory enzyme complexes and significantly decreased the reactive oxygen species generation in the hippocampus compared with the status epilepticus rats. Finally, the Ant-134 treatment remarkably downregulated the hippocampal expressions of autophagy-associated proteins Atg5, beclin-1 and light chain 3B. In conclusion, Ant-134 attenuates epilepsy via inhibiting oxidative stress, improving mitochondrial functions and regulating autophagy in the hippocampus.
Myocardial ischemia caused by distal coronary-artery constriction in stable angina pectoris.

BACKGROUND In patients with stable coronary artery disease, the ischemic threshold for the production of effort-related angina is often quite variable. Although this feature is commonly attributed to changes in the caliber of coronary arteries at the site of stenosis, it could also be caused by the constriction of distal vessels, collateral vessels, or both. METHODS In order to test this hypothesis, we studied 11 patients with stable angina, total occlusion of a single coronary artery that was supplied by collateral vessels, normal ventricular function, no evidence of coronary-artery spasm, and no other coronary stenoses. These conditions precluded the modulation of coronary flow by vasomotion at the site of the coronary stenosis. RESULTS The ischemic threshold--assessed by multiplying the heart rate by the systolic blood pressure at a 1-mm depression of the ST segment during exercise testing--increased by 19 percent after the administration of nitroglycerin (P less than 0.05) and decreased by 18 percent after the administration of ergonovine (P less than 0.01). Ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring of the patients when not receiving treatment detected 73 ischemic episodes that, in keeping with the history, showed variations of 25 to 52 beats per minute in the heart rate at a 1-mm depression of the ST segment; 12 episodes of sinus tachycardia exceeded the lowest ischemic heart rate by a mean (+/- SD) of 22 +/- 13 beats per minute without ST-segment depression. Furthermore, 21 ischemic episodes occurred at a heart rate more than 25 beats per minute below that at a 1-mm depression of the ST segment during exercise testing. Delayed and reduced filling of collateral and collateralized vessels associated with depression of the ST segment similar to that observed during ambulatory monitoring was detected on angiographic evaluation after the intracoronary administration of ergonovine in three patients. CONCLUSIONS We propose that the constriction of distal coronary arteries, collateral vessels, or both may cause myocardial ischemia in patients with chronic stable angina.
Postnatal Lung Inflammation Increased by Ventilation of Preterm Lambs Exposed Antenatally to Escherichia coli Endotoxin

Chorioamnionitis resulting in exposure of the fetal lung to inflammation is frequent before preterm delivery. The initiation of mechanical ventilation in the preterm recruits granulocytes to the lungs and increases proinflammatory cytokine expression in the lungs. We hypothesized that when the prematurely born newborn with chorioamnionitis was ventilated, inflammation would increase. Therefore, we asked whether inflammatory exposure to the fetal lung caused by intra-amniotic endotoxin (10 mg, Escherichia coli 055:β5) given at 100 d gestation would alter the inflammatory responses to the mechanical ventilation in surfactant-treated preterm lambs delivered at 130 d gestation. Cells in alveolar washes, proinflammatory cytokine expression, and surfactant protein mRNA expression were not different for saline and endotoxin exposed lambs that were not ventilated. The endotoxin- and saline-exposed control animals had similar lung function for 6 h of ventilation. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from the ventilated and antenatal endotoxin-exposed animals contained 5.7 times more monocytes, 12 times more lymphocytes, and a nonsignificant increase in neutrophils. Cells from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid expressed 3-fold more IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA than did cells from the saline exposed comparison animals. An antenatal exposure of the fetal lung to endotoxin enhanced the subsequent inflammatory response of the ventilated preterm lung.
Electromagnetic performance analysis of 1.5MW doubly salient wind power generator

The advantages of doubly salient electromagnetic generator (DSEG) such as simple structure, high reliability, low cost and flexible control, reveals its application prospects in wind power generation system. To establish the two-dimensional model of DSEG, Ansoft Maxwell is used. On the basis, the steady-state and transient performances of megawatts DSEG are further discussed, including no-load characteristics, load characteristics and short-circuit characteristics. Simulation results indicate that megawatts DSEG has good operating performance.
The Dilating Effect of Histamine on Pial Arteries of Cats and Its Mediation by H2 Receptors

We studied the effect of histamine and H1 or H2blockers on the diameter of pial arteries (39-227 μm) using microapplication into the perivascular space. Concentration-response curves for hiatamine showed dilations which started at 10-7 M and were maximal at 10-5 and 10-4 M. The H2 blocker, cimetidine, induced no vascular reaction over the whole concentration range tested (10-7to 10-3M). The H1 blocker, mepyramine, was not vasoactive in the concentration range from 10-7 to 5 × 10-5 M and evoked dilations at higher concentrations. The concentration-response curve for histamine was only slightly displaced by 10-5 M mepyramine but was significantly shifted to the right by 10-5 M cimetidine. The dilating effect of histamine could be reduced in a stepwise manner by increasing concentrations of cimetidine. These findings are in accordance with a selective antagonism between histamine and cimetidine at the H2 receptors of smooth muscle cells of pial arteries. The insignificant role of H1 receptors in histamine-induced dilations is supported by the finding that a combination of H1 and H2 blockers resulted in the same reduction of histamine-induced dilation as did the application of the H2 blocker. Ore Res 44:161-165, 1979
Dyslexia and Counselling

Dyslexia.Dyslexia as an Individual Difference.The Social Landscape of Dyslexia. School.The Effects of The School Environment.The Effects of teachers and Peers.Family. The Family Environment of The Dyslexic Child.The parents of Dyslexic Children. Effects.The Psychological and Social Effects of dyslexia.Isolation. Psychological Strategies and Dyslexia.Counselling. Counselling Practice With Dyslexic Clients.Counselling Process With Dyslexic clients.Specialist Conuselling Approaches.
Decentralised Process Enactment in a Multi-Perspective Development Environment

The ViewPoints framework for distributed and concurrent software engineering provides an alternative approach to traditional centralised software development environments. We investigate the use of decentralised process models to drive consistency checking and conflict resolution in this framework. Our process models use pattern matching on local development histories to determine the particular situation (state) of the development process, and employ rules to trigger situation-dependent assistance to the user. We describe how communication between such process models facilitates the decentralised management of explicitly defined consistency constraints in the ViewPoints framework.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Divergent Human Rhinovirus C Isolate from an Infant with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Colorado, USA

ABSTRACT Here, we report the genome sequence of a divergent human rhinovirus C isolate identified from an infant with a severe community-acquired respiratory infection. RNA sequencing performed on an Illumina platform identified reads aligning to human rhinovirus species, which were de novo assembled to produce a coding-complete genome sequence.
The Role of Managerial Ability in Corporate Tax Avoidance

Most prior studies model tax avoidance as a function of firm-level characteristics and do not consider how individual executive characteristics affect tax avoidance. This paper investigates whether executives with superior ability to efficiently manage corporate resources engage in greater tax avoidance. Our results show that moving from the lower to upper quartile of managerial ability is associated with a 3.15 (2.50) percent reduction in a firm’s one-year (five-year) cash effective tax rate (ETR). We examine how higher ability managers reduce income tax payments and find they engage in greater state tax planning activities, shift more income to foreign tax havens, make more R&D credit claims, and make greater investments in assets that generate accelerated depreciation deductions. Identifying a manager characteristic related to firms’ tax policy decisions adds to our understanding of the factors that explain the substantial variation in corporate income tax payments across firms.
Some Extremal Problems for Edge-Regular Graphs

We consider the class ER(n, d, lambda) of edge-regular graphs for some n > d > lambda, i.e., graphs regular of degree d on n vertices, with each pair of adjacent vertices having lambda common neighbors. It has previously been shown that for such graphs with lambda > 0 we have n >= 3(d - lambda) and much has been done to characterize such graphs when equality holds. Here we show that n >= 3(d - lambda) + 1 if lambda > 0 and d is odd and contribute to the characterization of the graphs in ER(n, d, lambda), lambda > 0, n = 3(d - lambda) + 1 by proving some lemmas about the structure of such graphs, and by classifying such graphs that satisfy a strong additional requirement, that the number t = t(u, v) of edges in the subgraph induced by the lambda common neighbors of any two adjacent vertices u and v is positive, and independent of u and v. The result is that there are exactly 4 such graphs: K-4 and 3 strongly regular graphs.
Through a Glass Darkly: Reflections on Personal Identity in Early America

Preparing the books to read every day is enjoyable for many people. However, there are still many people who also don't like reading. This is a problem. But, when you can support others to start reading, it will be better. One of the books that can be recommended for new readers is through a glass darkly reflections on personal identity in early america. This book is not kind of difficult book to read. It can be read and understand by the new readers.
[Parents "at risk"].

Find loads of the parents at risk book catalogues in this site as the choice of you visiting this page. You can also join to the website book library that will show you numerous books from any types. Literature, science, politics, and many more catalogues are presented to offer you the best book to find. The book that really makes you feels satisfied. Or that's the book that will save you from your job deadline.
Is There a Case for Separate Schools

1_ he 1971 U.S. Supreme Court ruling which allows court-ordered busing to speed integration of Southern schools is an attempt to facilitate enforcement of the Court's 1954 Brown decision. The fact that such an act is necessary in dicates the magnitude of the problem which has been inaccurately defined as segregation. Segregation is the condition of separation which occurs when one group forces another to remain apart. It is an effect, not a cause. What makes one group demand the separation of another group? Racism and oppression are possible answers. Racism is the belief that race is the primary determi nant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce the in herent superiority of a particular race. Oppression is the unjust and cruel ex ercise of authority and power. In the U.S. most institutions promote and pro tect an authoritarian decision-making hierarchy based on the values of white European superiority, male superiority, and the superiority of people with money. This support precludes possibili ties for true integration, for true integra tion demands an end to both racism and oppression.
Telemedicine for Acute Stroke: Triumphs and Pitfalls

Background and Purpose— Telemedicine is emerging as a potential timesaving, efficient means for evaluating patients experiencing acute stroke. In areas where local stroke care specialists are not available, telemedicine can link an emergency department physician with a specialist in a stroke treatment center. This consultation provides an opportunity for administration of thrombolytic drugs within the short therapeutic time window associated with ischemic stroke. Here, we describe our stroke treatment center experiences and report safe administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) during telemedicine consultation. Methods— The University of Maryland Medical Center uses a triplexed integrated services digital network line providing a 30–frames-per-second video link to St Mary’s Hospital >100 miles away. The system uses a pan, tilt, and zoom camera with remote site control, allowing 2-way, real-time, audiovisual communication and CT image transfer. We retrospectively reviewed all acute stroke consultations provided to St Mary’s Hospital between 1999 and 2001. Results— We reviewed 50 consultations. Of the 50, 23 were attempted through telemedicine linkage, and 27 were by traditional telephone conversation, followed by transfer. Of the 23 telemedicine consultations, 2 were aborted because of technical difficulties. Of the patients evaluated by traditional means, 1 of 27 (3.8%) received intravenous rtPA; 5 of 21 (23.8%) received rtPA after telemedicine consultation. No patients experienced complications. Conclusions— Telemedicine consultation provided treatment options not previously available at the remote hospital. Administration of rtPA during telemedicine consultation was feasible and safe, and the system was well received. Lack of reimbursement for telemedicine services will hinder widespread adaptation of this promising technology for remote acute stroke treatment.