Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Le Nouveau Management Public est-il pathogène ?

Le Nouveau Management Public (NMP) induit de profonds changements dans les services publics de nombreux pays depuis trente ans. S’il existe un ensemble de discours sur les consequences humaines des changements organisationnels et manageriaux qu’il entraine, l’impact de ces changements sur la souffrance au travail n’a pas ete mesure empiriquement. Notre recherche se propose d’examiner l’impact de ces evolutions sur une forme specifique de souffrance au travail : l’epuisement professionnel. Pour cela nous presentons les resultats d’une enquete menee dans une collectivite territoriale francaise mettant en relation la perception, par les agents, de changements lies au NMP et des indicateurs d’intensification et de souffrance au travail. L’analyse realisee sur un echantillon de 1118 agents publics permet d’indiquer que le NMP a un impact sur l’epuisement professionnel par l’intermediaire de ses effets sur la charge de travail percue par les agents et sur le climat de violence psychologique.
Linguistic Dimensions of Language Contact : The State of the Art in Interlinguistics

Cet article propose une synthese des diverses orientations de recherche qui ont marque le champ d’etude des langues en contact. Quatre dimensions majeures sont explorees : 1) l’aspect psychologique (les aspects psychologiques et neurologiques du bilinguisme, l’acquisition d’une langue seconde, l’approche psychosociale du bilinguisme); 2) les aspects sociaux du bilinguisme (les caracteristiques sociologiques des communautes bilingues, le changement dans l’usage des langues, la mort des langues, la planification linguistique, l’education bilingue); 3) l’usage des langues dans les communautes bilingues, (les strategies de neutralite, le melange des codes et les codes utilises pour parler aux etrangers); 4) les consequences linguistiques du contact entre les langues (emprunt, changement linguistique, pidginisation et creolisation). L’auteur illustre chacun des points par des exemples tires d’etudes sur le contact linguistique entre l’espagnol, le quechua et l’aymara dans la region andine. L’article se termine par une discussion sur les perspectives theoriques de recherche dans le domaine de l’interlinguistique.
A Cross-Cultural Perspective on Romantic Love

The anthropological study of romantic (or passionate) love is virtually nonexistent due to the widespread belief that romantic love is unique to Euro-American culture. This belief is by no means confined to anthropology. The historian Philippe Aries (1962), for example, argues that affection was of secondary importance to more utilitarian ambitions throughout much of European history. Lawrence Stone (1988:16) goes further, insisting that "if romantic love ever existed outside of Europe, it only arose among the nonwestern nation-states' elite who had the time to cultivate an aesthetic appreciation for subjective experiences. " Underlying these Eurocentric views is the assumption that modernization and the rise of individualism are directly linked to the appearance of romantic notions of love.
Operational trust in Clouds' environment

Cloud infrastructure is expected to support Internet scale critical applications (e.g. hospital systems and smart grid systems). Critical infrastructure and even organizations will not outsource their critical resources on public Cloud without strong assurance about the trustworthiness of the Cloud Infrastructure. In this paper we focus on an important angle in this direction, which is about providing assurance to Cloud users about the trustworthiness of service delivery in a Cloud's environment (it is also known as operational trust). Specifically, we focus on analyzing the most important Clouds' properties, which enable different interested parties to assess the operational trust of a Cloud provider for delivering services. The assessment of operational trust enables Cloud users, auditors, collaborating Cloud providers, and others to compare multiple Cloud providers and decide on the best value for money. It also enables Cloud providers to understand what could be done to improve the level of services.
Urban Elementary School Teachers' Perspectives Regarding Collaborative Teaching Practices

Collaborative teaching has grown in popularity as students with disabilities have been increasingly moved to general education classrooms. Despite the growth of these models, little empirical evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of these practices. In this investigation, general and special education teachers (N = 118) from 20 urban elementary schools were surveyed regarding their perceptions of collaborative teaching. The survey instrument elicited teacher perceptions about collaboration, their views regarding inclusion, and what is needed to ensure effective collaborative teaching. Findings indicate that 92% of respondents thought that collaboration was occurring in their school but that only 57% reported use of the practices in their own classrooms. Respondents valued inclusive practices, although special educators had more positive perceptions than did general educators. The interpersonal and structural factors valued by these teachers included team processes, positive attitudes, resources, professional development, leadership, university training, accountability, shared responsibility, and communication.
Why the Rigour-Relevance Gap in Management Research is Unbridgeable

In this paper we discuss, on the basis of system theory, the rigour–relevance gap in management research and the proposal to overcome it. From a system theory perspective, social systems are self-referential or autopoietic, which means that communication elements of one system, such as science, cannot be authentically integrated into communication of other systems, such as the system of a business organization. Social systems can only irritate – provoke – each other, i.e. alter conditions in such a way that other systems are forced to respond. Because of the differences between management science and practice it is impossible to assess relevance of research output within the system of science. On the basis of our analysis we show that neither action research nor Mode 2 research nor recent approaches to collaborative research can succeed in producing research that is rigorous as well as relevant. Researchers and practitioners cannot collaboratively produce research, they can only irritate each other. However, sometimes irritations or provocations turn out inspiring.
Making career choice: A study of Chinese managers

Compared with the extensive research on managerial careers in the West, little has emerged from China and South-East Asia. This exploratory study used Schein's concept of Career Anchors to investigate how 117 Taiwanese managers made their initial career choice and the values which shaped their subsequent careers. The findings indicate how cultural specificity and political dynamics impacted on the managers' career experience. The Taiwanese subjects valued independence, a balanced lifestyle and entrepreneurial opportunities. The findings further indicate how career pathways can be of an individual's own making, embracing life in its broadest aspects and not exclusively forged within organizations. The study sheds light on the field of vocational choice and adjustment within the Chinese context.
Local Delivery of Human Tissue Kallikrein Gene Accelerates Spontaneous Angiogenesis in Mouse Model of Hindlimb Ischemia

BackgroundHuman tissue kallikrein (HK) releases kinins from kininogen. We investigated whether adenovirus-mediated HK gene delivery is angiogenic in the context of ischemia. Methods and ResultsHindlimb ischemia, caused by femoral artery excision, increased muscular capillary density (P <0.001) and induced the expression of kinin B1 receptor gene (P <0.05). Pharmacological blockade of B1 receptors blunted ischemia-induced angiogenesis (P <0.01), whereas kinin B2 receptor antagonism was ineffective. Intramuscular delivery of adenovirus containing the HK gene (Ad.CMV-cHK) enhanced the increase in capillary density caused by ischemia (969±32 versus 541±18 capillaries/mm2 for control, P <0.001), accelerated blood flow recovery (P <0.01), and preserved energetic charge of ischemic muscle (P <0.01). Chronic blockade of kinin B1 or B2 receptors prevented HK-induced angiogenesis. ConclusionsHK gene delivery enhances the native angiogenic response to ischemia. Angiogenesis gene therapy with HK might be applicable to peripheral occlusive vascular disease.
A Method of Scaling with Applications to the 1968 and 1972 Presidential Elections

A method of scaling is proposed to estimate the positions of candidates and voters on a common issue dimension. The scaling model assumes that candidates occupy true positions in an issue space and that individual level perceptual data arise from this in a two step process. The first step consists of a stochastic component, satisfying the standard Gauss Markov assumptions, which reflects true misperception. The second step consists of a linear distortion which is introduced in the survey situation. Estimates of the parameters of the model are developed by applying the least squares criterion, and distributions of the estimates are investigated by Monte Carlo methods. The scaling technique is applied to the seven-point issue scales asked in the 1968 and 1972 SRC survey. The resulting ideal point estimates are related to candidate positions in 1968 to test a simple Downsian voting model.
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Optical Jets of PKS 0521–365, 3C 371, and PKS 2201+044

Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations have led to the discovery of the optical counterpart of the radio jet of PKS 2201+044 and to a detailed analysis of the optical jets of PKS 0521-365 and 3C 371. At HST spatial resolution these jets are well resolved, displaying knotty morphologies. When compared with radio maps of appropriate resolution, a clear one-to-one correspondence between optical and radio structures is found, showing that all detected optical structures are indeed related to the radio synchrotron emission. Photometry of the brightest knots shows that the radio-to-optical spectral index and the derived intensity of the equipartition magnetic field are approximately constant along the jet. Thus, present observations suggest that the electron energy distribution does not change significantly all along the jet.
Parallel Depth Recovery By Changing Camera Parameters

A new method is described for recovering the distance of objects in a scene from images formed by lenses. The recovery is based on measuring the change in the scene’s image due to a known change in the three intrinsic camera parameters: (i) distance between the lens md the image detector, (ii) focal length of the lens, and (iii) diameter of the lens aperture. The method is parallel involving simple local computations. In comparison with stereo vision and structure-from-motion methods, the correspondence problem does not arise. This method for depthmap recovery may also be used for (i) obtaining focused images (i.e. images having large depth of field) from two images having finite depth of field, and (ii) rapid autofocusing of computer controlled video cameras.
Death Awareness and Brain Disease

There has been little discussion of the effects of brain disease on the awareness and perception of death. Several patients are presented with different types of brain disorders in which death awareness is affected. Brain diseases may prevent the development of the awareness of death or prevent the development of the abstract conception of death. Alternatively, these diseases may result in a loss of death awareness or produce a change in how death is perceived.
Bullying in Dublin Schools

In a study to discover the nature and incidence of bullying in Dublin primary schools 783 children (285 boys and 498 girls) between 7 and 13 years of age in four National Schools in Dublin were questioned about their experiences of being bullied and bullying others. The most common types of bullying reported were: teasing, being hit and kicked, being ‘picked on’ and rejection. Overall, 10.5% of the children reported they were involved in serious bullying, either as the bully or the victim. These figures indicate an incidence that is twice as high as in some North European countries, such as Norway, where a 5% incidence inspired their Department of Education to launch a national campaign to combat bullying in schools.
Mixed leaf litter effects on decomposition rates and soil microarthropod communities in an oak–pine stand in Japan

Rates of decomposition, and soil faunal abundance and diversity associated with single-species and mixed-species litters were studied in a litter bag experiment in an oak–pine forest. We used two canopy species of leaf litter, pine and oak, and one shrub species, Sasa, and compared decomposition rates, and soil microarthropod abundance and community structure of oribatid mites in the litter bags. Mass loss of single species decreased in the order: oak > pine > Sasa. While the total mass loss rates of mixed litter were intermediate between those of the constituent species, enhancement of mass loss from the three-species mixture and from mixed slow-decomposing litters (pine and Sasa) was observed. Faunal abundance in litter bags was higher in mixed-species litter than in those with single-species litter, and species richness of oribatid mites was also higher in the three-species mixed litter. Faunal abundance in single-species litter bags was not correlated with mass loss, although enhancement of mass loss in mixed litter bags corresponded with higher microarthropod abundance. Habitat heterogeneity in mixed litter bags seemed to be responsible for the more abundant soil microarthropod community.
DNA Methylation as a Noninvasive Epigenetic Biomarker for the Detection of Cancer

In light of the high incidence and mortality rates of cancer, early and accurate diagnosis is an important priority for assigning optimal treatment for each individual with suspected illness. Biomarkers are crucial in the screening of patients with a high risk of developing cancer, diagnosing patients with suspicious tumours at the earliest possible stage, establishing an accurate prognosis, and predicting and monitoring the response to specific therapies. Epigenetic alterations are innovative biomarkers for cancer, due to their stability, frequency, and noninvasive accessibility in bodily fluids. Epigenetic modifications are also reversible and potentially useful as therapeutic targets. Despite this, there is still a lack of accurate biomarkers for the conclusive diagnosis of most cancer types; thus, there is a strong need for continued investigation to expand this area of research. In this review, we summarise current knowledge on methylated DNA and its implications in cancer to explore its potential as an epigenetic biomarker to be translated for clinical application. We propose that the identification of biomarkers with higher accuracy and more effective detection methods will enable improved clinical management of patients and the intervention at early-stage disease.
Evaluation of blood ordering algorithms.

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Patterns of orchid bee species diversity and turnover among forested plateaus of central Amazonia

The knowledge of spatial pattern and geographic beta-diversity is of great importance for biodiversity conservation and interpreting ecological information. Tropical forests, especially the Amazon Rainforest, are well known for their high species richness and low similarity in species composition between sites, both at local and regional scales. We aimed to determine the effect and relative importance of area, isolation and climate on species richness and turnover in orchid bee assemblages among plateaus in central Brazilian Amazonia. Variance partitioning techniques were applied to assess the relative effects of spatial and environmental variables on bee species richness, phylogeny and composition. We hypothesized that greater abundance and richness of orchid bees would be found on larger plateaus, with a set of core species occurring on all of them. We also hypothesized that smaller plateaus would possess lower phylogenetic diversity. We found 55 bee species distributed along the nine sampling sites (plateaus) with 17 of them being singletons. There was a significant decrease in species richness with decreasing size of plateaus, and a significant decrease in the similarity in species composition with greater distance and climatic variation among sampling sites. Phylogenetic diversity varied among the sampling sites but was directly related to species richness. Although not significantly related to plateau area, smaller or larger PDFaith were observed in the smallest and the largest plateaus, respectively.
Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems ( MCIS ) 2012 BELONGING TO TOR L-PROFESSION ? ABOUT PROFESSIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHALLENGES FOR KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

Organizations have been even more knowledge-intensive and profession-orientated during the last years. Professional work has generally certain specific properties related to its working context. Professions working in organizations will add another dimensions of organization structure, culture, strategy and organizational effectiveness in creating, managing and sharing of knowledge. Two different case studies have been made, within two different work disciplines; within aircraft maintenance and emergency health care. This paper explores the conditions for knowledge management activities within different types of professions in the timeand life-critical work practices. The types of professions are called Tand L-professions. The aim of this paper is to examine the challenges of different types of professions characteristics on the knowledge creation, management and sharing in organizations dealing with timeand life-critical activities. Different characteristics exist of the Tand L-professions, respectively. The differences relate to different challenges within the knowledge management in organizations.
Modulation of in vivo alloreactivity by inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase

The role of nitric oxide in the immune response to allogeneic tissue was explored in an in vivo cardiac transplant model in the rat. Nitric oxide production during organ rejection was demonstrated by elevations in systemic serum nitrite/nitrate levels and by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Messenger RNA for the inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme was detected in the rejecting allografted heart, but not in the nonrejecting isografted heart. The enzyme was demonstrated to be biologically active by the in vitro conversion of L-arginine to L- citrulline and was immunohistochemically localized to the infiltrating inflammatory cells. Treatment with aminoguanidine, a preferential inhibitor of the inducible nitric oxide synthase isoform, prevented the increased nitric oxide production in the transplanted organ and significantly attenuated the pathogenesis of acute rejection. Aminoguanidine treatment prolonged graft survival, improved graft contractile function, and significantly reduced the histologic grade of rejection. These results suggest an important role for nitric oxide in mediating the immune response to allogeneic tissue. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase may provide a novel therapeutic modality in the management of acute transplant rejection and of other immune-mediated processes.
Expert-model based 3D reconstruction of the beating left ventricle using echographic images

Using a rotating probe combined with an ECG gating technique the authors acquire transthoracic datasets (20 Images per ECG cycle for 9-18 rotations). The aim of this research is the automated left ventricle (LV) reconstruction (3D+t) for later diagnoses. One of the main stages during the reconstruction process is the detection of the moving wall boundaries. Here, the authors propose an approach based on a pre-calculated model of the displacement field of the heart to guide the detection process in combination with active contours. The numerical model obtained during a learning phase can later be used for diagnoses as well.
Satisficing Among Reluctant Respondents in a Cross-National Context

Higher response rates are commonly assumed to be associated with higher survey quality. Nevertheless, increasing response rates without attention to response quality may result in an increase of measurement error if it is associated with reluctance to participate in surveys. This article exam- ines the nature of the relationship between reluctance and response quality. The question is studied in a cross-national context using data from the Eu- ropean Social Survey, Round 3, conducted in 2006-2007. Hypotheses are tested separately and compared across four countries: Belgium, the Nether- lands, Norway, and Sweden. A measure of response quality, satisficing, is developed through latent class analysis using the indicators of ''don't know,'' straight-lining, inconsistent, and ''extreme þ middle'' responses. To explore the relationship between the latent variables of reluctance and satisficing, before and after controlling for cognitive ability, structural equation modeling is used. The findings suggest that the relationship be- tween reluctance and response quality is present but spurious, being com- pletely explained by cognitive ability. The observed effects are not only consistent but also invariant in their magnitudes across the countries. The implications of this study for future data collection are discussed.
Promoting the use of higher level cognitive processes in a quantitative analysis course

Students in two iterations of a statistics course were required to develop work-related research questions that could be analyzed by the statistical techniques discussed in class. They were also expected to present the question and other research design components in a manner that could be comprehended by statistical novices. To provide sufficient class time for the groups to begin work on their assignments, the course’s second iteration substituted Kahn Academy videos for a portion of the lecture material. However, observations of the students’ behaviors and qualitative analysis of the responses to open-ended course evaluation questions indicate that efforts to encourage self-directed learning were undermined by an allegiance to stimulus-response learning, i.e. a preference for courses in which students are told what they need to know. Since the preference is based on a desire to maximize the grades generated by a given investment of time, the impending iteration of the course incentivizes self-directed learning by incorporating into the course grade calculation the students’ contributions to their group’s efforts and participation in class discussions. The revised grading structure is intended to encourage self-directed learning in which students teach and learn from one another and thereby engage in deep learning.