Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of Human-Pathogenic Lactococcus garvieae LG-ilsanpaik-gs201105 That Caused Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis

ABSTRACT Lactococcus garvieae, which is generally known as a marine and freshwater fish pathogen, is now considered to be an emerging zoonotic pathogen in both human and veterinary medicine. In recent years, we have reported the infection of L. garvieae LG-ilsanpaik-gs201105 in the gallbladder of an old fisherman. In this study, we present the draft genome sequence of L. garvieae LG-ilsanpaik-gs201105, with a total genome size of 1,960,261 bp in 53 contigs and a 38.1% average G+C content. Interestingly, the capsule gene cluster, which was known as one of the crucial virulence factors in L. garvieae, was not detected in our isolate. This is the first genome sequence of human-pathogenic L. garvieae, which caused acute acalculous cholecystitis.
Bilingualism and identity construction in the digital discourse

ABSTRACT This study explores: (a) how Urdu/English bilinguals flag-up social identities and power relations in the digital discourse, and (b) whether or not bilingualism favours mixing and/or diffusing local identity in the global discourse. The data were sampled from 200 Bachelor of Science students (who had Urdu as their primary language of communication and English as one of the academic languages or the most prestigious second language) of 5 universities situated in Lahore, Pakistan. The data were delimited to their Facebook conversations ‘on the wall’. The analysis procedure was based on the Sociocultural Communication Approach to unpack selective discursive practices responsible for linguistic choices by Urdu/English bilinguals in the digital discourse. In addition to English–Urdu code-switching as an identity marker, they use a range of linguistic features covering linguistic reduction, neologism and paralinguistic features to reflect solidarity, power and gender within their speech community. The study further anticipates that prevalence of certain linguistic forms among the participants depends on their position in the social systems. It is hoped that the patterns found in this study regarding how Urdu/English bilinguals identify themselves in the digital discourse will continue to be relevant in the future.
Aerosol Association with Severe Weather in the Great Plains

Aerosols particles may serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and therefore play an important role in modulating cloud microphysics, to the point where convective storm intensity may be altered. The purpose of this study is to determine the impacts of biomass burning aerosols on convective storms over the Great Plains, especially the southern Great Plains, and to show synoptic regimes characterizing differing aerosol concentrations. A new technique to identify days with a high concentration of biomass burning aerosols was developed by using organic carbon, potassium, zinc, and bromine as the predominant tracers. An eleven-year climatology (2002-2012) for the biomass burning tracers was produced to identify days on which biomass burning particles were present, and an average concentration of these tracers was obtained from two different sensors in western Oklahoma: Ellis and Wichita Mountains. Once prevalence of biomass burning particles was identified for each day, days were classified into high (upper 30%), medium (middle 40%), and low (lowest 30%) biomass burning particle concentration. Only March through June was considered since this is climatologically the convective season in the Southern Great Plains. Days with severe thunderstorms and with similar thermodynamic (CAPE) and kinematic (shear) environments were chosen as case study days, from which storm report data were obtained and compared. Additionally, composite synoptic regime and a set of trajectories were obtained for each aerosol concentration category. Lastly, differential reflectivity and correlation coefficient values were examined to compare the microphysics of thunderstorms occurring on days of different aerosol concentration. Case studies of High Plains and Oklahoma storms were examined. This study is one of the first observational studies to examine aerosol effects on convective storms in the Great Plains region. i Acknowledgements The work presented would have not been possible without the suggestions, guidance, and encouragement of many. I would first like to thank my advisor, Dr. Matthew Van Den Broeke, who frequently provided the knowledge that greatly increased my understanding of the polarimetric radar variables and who guided me through the research process. I would also like to thank my committee members, Dr. Adam Houston and Dr. Jun Wang, for their superb insight and knowledge as I went through the research process. I would also like to express thanks to the Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln for providing me with a teaching assistantship that helped cover the costs to attend graduate school and complete this project. …
A small gain theorem for discrete-time stochastic periodic systems

This paper is concerned with a class of discrete-time stochastic systems with periodic coefficients and multiplicative noise. By use of an invariant-subspace approach, a simplified criterion is derived for detectability of the concerned systems. This spectral criterion can be verified by only examining the spectra of monodromy operator associated with real positive semi-definite matrices. Based on the proposed detectability criterion, a mean square small gain theorem is shown to supply a sufficient condition which guarantees the stability of single-loop interconnected stochastic periodic systems.
ADOPTION OF SOIL CONSERVATION PRACTICES: A REVEALED PREFERENCE APPROACH

The existing empirical literature on farmers' use of soil-conserving, runoff-reducing farming practices, while sizable, contains relatively little information on the influence of cost on adoption decisions and on how farmers combine multiple practices into an overall conservation package. Such knowledge is important in light of current interest in reorienting agricultural policy toward environmental and resource conservation goals. This paper uses farmer survey data combined with information on standard unit costs of installing seven soil-conserving, runoff-reducing practices obtained from a state cost sharing program to estimate latent demand models for each of these seven practices. All seven exhibit downward sloping demand. Topographical variations in adoption conform to expectations as well. The estimation results suggest that cost sharing should have substantial effects on the adoption of four practices. They also indicate strong complementarity among four others. The results are then used to derive implications for the design and implementation of cost sharing programs, which have been the principal policy used to address nonpoint source water pollution problems emanating from agriculture.
Validating Electronic Health Records Using Archetypes and XML

Developing software systems in domains, which have many different types of data and have new data requirements emerging all the time, is a highly challenging task. A typical example of such a domain is ‘Healthcare’. In Health, there is a wide variety of different types of data (from textual to multimedia), there are over 300,000 clinical concepts, and medical tests and procedures are constantly being created and modified. The GEHR (Good Electronic Health Record), an EHR (Electronic Health Record) architecture, has been specifically developed with these challenges in mind. The GEHR architecture combines a small reference model, used to represent the wide variety of clinical data, with a flexible constraint mechanism, used to define how valid clinical models (called archetypes) can be constructed from the reference model. Building an archetype-based system, however, proved to be a non-trivial exercise. In this paper, we document some of the experiences gained from designing and building such a system. In particular, we describe our attempts to use various XML technologies to support the validation of XML-formatted GEHR records. Validation was required both in terms of the more structured reference model constraints, and the more flexible archetype constraints. In this paper, we consider XML constraint languages, such as XML Schema, RELAX NG, Schematron and other XML technologies, such as XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language – Transformations).
Spontaneous forniceal rupture: Can it be treated conservatively?

Context: Spontaneous forniceal rupture is one of the possible complications of urolithiasis. The mechanism of forniceal rupture is not well explained in the literature. Most of the cases presented with sudden onset of acute renal colic and diagnosed by noncontrast CT (NCCT). Until now there is no solid consensus about the ideal management of such a condition. Aim: To study indications and validity of conservative management of spontaneous caliceal rupture. Settings and Design: This is an observational prospective study. Materials and Methods: All cases diagnosed as spontaneous forniceal rupture in our departments from 2011 to 2015 were enrolled. All cases were diagnosed with NCCT or CT-Urography. Non complicated patients were primarily managed conservatively. Intervention (DJ stent insertion, nephrostomy tube insertion, or urgent ureteroscopy) was reserved to complicated cases or solitary kidney. Drainage of urinoma was done in cases with sizable urinoma (more than 100 ml3). Results: A total of 40 patients: Twenty eight (70%) patients had normal serum creatinine level at presentation, while 12 (30%) patients had elevated serum creatinine. Twenty three (57.5%) patients were successfully managed conservatively, their mean size of stone was 6.2 ± 2 mm and the hospital stay was 3.1 ± 1.9 days. Eighteen patients (42.5%) underwent interventions. Their stone size was 4.5 ± 2.1 mm and the hospital stay for the interventional group was 4.2 ± 1.8 days. Statistical Analysis Used: Mann-Whitney test was used for testing difference between means because the data groups are not parametric. Otherwise, simple descriptive statestics were used. Conclusion: Spontaneous forniceal rupture is more likely to occur with smaller distal ureteric stones. Conservative management is a valid option in non-complicated cases. Intervention should be reserved to complicated cases or cases with sizable urinoma.
Scanning the structure of ill‐known spaces: Part 2. Principles of construction of physical space

An abstract lattice of empty set cells is shown to be able to account for a primary substrate in a physical space. Space‐time is represented by ordered sequences of topologically closed Poincare sections of this primary space. These mappings are constrained to provide homeomorphic structures serving as frames of reference in order to account for the successive positions of any objects present in the system. Mappings from one section to the next involve morphisms of the general structures, representing a continuous reference frame, and morphisms of objects present in the various parts of this structure. The combination of these morphisms provides space‐time with the features of a non‐linear generalized convolution. Discrete properties of the lattice allow the prediction of scales at which microscopic to cosmic structures should occur. Deformations of primary cells by exchange of empty set cells allow a cell to be mapped into an image cell in the next section as far as the mapped cells remain homeomorphic. However, if a deformation involves a fractal transformation to objects, there occurs a change in the dimension of the cell and the homeomorphism is not conserved. Then, the fractal kernel stands for a “particle” and the reduction of its volume (together with an increase in its area up to infinity) is compensated by morphic changes of a finite number of surrounding cells. Quanta of distances and quanta of fractality are demonstrated. The interactions of a moving particle‐like deformation with the surrounding lattice involves a fractal decomposition process, which supports the existence and properties of previously postulated inerton clouds as associated to particles. Experimental evidence of the existence of inertons is reviewed and further possibilities of experimental proofs proposed.
Human Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells: Rational for Use as a Neuroprotectant in Ischemic Brain Disease

The use of stem cells for reparative medicine was first proposed more than three decades ago. Hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow, peripheral blood and human umbilical cord blood (CB) have gained major use for treatment of hematological indications. CB, however, is also a source of cells capable of differentiating into various non-hematopoietic cell types, including neural cells. Several animal model reports have shown that CB cells may be used for treatment of neurological injuries. This review summarizes the information available on the origin of CB-derived neuronal cells and the mechanisms proposed to explain their action. The potential use of stem/progenitor cells for treatment of ischemic brain injuries is discussed. Issues that remain to be resolved at the present stage of preclinical trials are addressed.
Random Finite Sets (RFSs) approach in particle-based multi-target multisensor Bayesian filtering

Various algorithms on multi-target multisensor tracking have been developed to provide reliable performance, in terms of tracking accuracy and computational efficiency. Propagating full multi-target posterior of the states at every time step of estimation process would certainly not be a suitable option due to its computational costs. To alleviate this problem, Random Finite Sets (RFSs) approach which leads to the implementation of Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD) filter offers more effective method. Based on the theory of Finite Set Statistics (FISST), RFSs represents the multi-target states and multisensor observations as a single meta-state and a single meta-observation, respectively. And the system propagates only the first moment, or PHD, associated with multi-target posterior in every recursion time step. This paper is evaluating the performance of this approach using simulation on a nonlinear range and bearing tracking problem, which is employed to track multi-target using several sensors to get the observations. Simulation results show that the algorithm successfully tracks the targets over the surveillance region, with slightly decreasing performance when the level of noise is higher and the clutter density is denser.
CAFe: Coarray Fortran Extensions for Heterogeneous Computing

Emerging hybrid accelerator architectures are often proposed for inclusion as components in an exascale machine, not only for performance reasons but also to reduce total power consumption. Unfortunately, programmers of these architectures face a daunting and steep learning curve that frequently requires learning a new language (e.g., OpenCL) or adopting a new programming model. Furthermore, the distributed (and frequently multi-level) nature of the memory organization of clusters of these machines provides an additional level of complexity. This paper presents preliminary work examining how Fortran coarray syntax can be extended to provide simpler access to accelerator architectures. This programming model integrates the Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) features of Fortran with some of the more task-oriented constructs in OpenMP 4.0 and OpenACC. It also includes the potential for compiler-based transformations targeting the Open Community Runtime (OCR) environment. We demonstrate these CoArray Fortran extensions (CAFe) by implementing a multigrid Laplacian solver and transforming this high-level code to a mixture of standard coarray Fortran and OpenCL kernels.
Agent architecture for building Robocode players with SWI-Prolog

Effective study of autonomous agents is a challenging activity, for researchers and programmers alike. In this paper we introduce a new agent environment built on top of the tank-simulation game Robocode. We consider this game a good choice for testing agent programming strategies and an excellent learning opportunity. We integrated SWI-Prolog into Robocode and built an architecture for writing agents with Prolog. Game generated events are translated by our framework into predicate invocations, allowing the agent to perceive the environment. An API to issue commands to the tank from Prolog acts as agentpsilas effectors. We tested our architecture by implementing a simple autonomous agent that uses a static strategy.
An Incremental Approach for MEDLINE MeSH Indexing

As an increasing number of new journal articles being added to the MEDLINE database each year, it becomes imperative to build effective systems that can automatically suggest Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) to reduce effort from human annotators. In this paper, we propose three approaches, one building upon another in an incremental way, to automatic MeSH term suggestion: 1) MetaMap-based labeling, which relies on the MetaMap tool to detect MeSH-related concepts for indexing; 2) Search-based labeling, which builds on MetaMap-based approach and further leverages information retrieval techniques for finding similar articles whose existing annotations are used for MeSH suggestion; 3) LLDA-based labeling, which further trains a multi-label classifier based on MeSH ontology for MeSH candidate list pruning. The evaluation on the BioASQ challenge data shows promising results.
Compounds in dictionary-based cross-language information retrieval

Abstract Compound words form an important part of natural language. From the cross-lingualinformation retrieval (CLIR) point of view it is important that many natural languagesare highly productive with compounds, and translation resources cannot include entriesfor all compounds. Also, compounds are often content bearing words in a sentence. InSwedish, German and Finnish roughly one tenth of the words in a text prepared forinformation retrieval purposes are compounds. Important research questions concerningcompound handling in dictionary-based cross-language information retrieval are 1)compound splitting into components, 2) normalisation of components, 3) translation ofcomponents and 4) query structuring for compounds and their components in the targetlanguage. The impact of compound processing on the performance of the cross-languageinformation retrieval process is evaluated in this study and the results indicate that theeffect is clearly positive. 1 Introduction Cross-language information retrieval (CLIR) deals with the problem of presenting a query in onelanguage and retrieving documents in one or several other languages. The use of naturallanguage in topics and documents makes it obvious that many of the research questions deal withaspects of word morphology and semantics (Strzalkowski et al. 1999; Smeaton 1999). Compound words form an important part of natural language, since compounding is a major wayof forming new words. From the information retrieval (IR) point of view, compounds may becontent bearing words in natural language sentences and therefore important for the retrievalresult. Compound words have been discussed in the main forums for research and evaluation oncross-language information retrieval systems, the TREC conferences and the CLEF evaluationforum (1). The problem with compound handling for cross-language information retrieval isacknowledged for many languages, but we still lack research results on the importance andeffects to the retrieval result of compound handling in natural language queries. In this studycompound words are analysed from the cross-language information retrieval perspective.Methods of handling compounds in an automated process as well as the effects of compoundhandling on retrieval results are presented.
Closed-Form Green's Functions in Planar Layered Media for All Ranges and Materials

An important extension of the two-level discrete complex image method is proposed to eliminate any concerns on and shortcomings of the approximations of the spatial-domain Green's functions in closed form in planar multilayered media. The proposed approach has been devised to account for the possible wave constituents of a dipole in layered media, such as spherical, cylindrical, and lateral waves, with the aim of obtaining accurate closed-form approximations of Green's functions over all distances from the source. This goal has been achieved by judiciously introducing an additional level into the two-level approach to pick up the contributions of lateral waves in the spatial domain. As a result, three different three-level algorithms have been proposed, investigated, and shown that they work properly over all ranges of distances from the source. In addition to the accuracy of the results at all distances, these approaches also proved to be robust and computationally efficient as compared to the previous algorithms, which can be attributed to the fact that the sampling of the spectral-domain Green's functions in the proposed approaches gives proper emphasis to the associated singularities of the wave types in the spectral domain. However, the judicious choices of the sampling paths may not be enough to get accurate results from the approximations unless the approximating functions in the spectral domain can provide similar wave natures in the spatial domain. To address this issue, the proposed algorithms employ two different approximations; the rational function fitting methods to capture the cylindrical waves (surface waves), and exponential fitting methods to capture both spherical and lateral waves. It is shown and numerically verified that a linear combination of exponential functions in the spectral domain represent the lateral waves at the interface of the involved layers.
Theoretical foundations of schema restructuring in heterogeneous multidatabase systems

Previous work on schema integration typically has taken either a very ad-hoc approach of identifying a speci c integration problem and providing a solution for it, or a very general approach of providing a rich integration facility, but one that requires writing rule-based, logic-based, or conventional programs to specify an integration. The latter approach is powerful, but places an undue burden on someone to verify the validity of an integration that is de ned, as well as to write and maintain the program(s). Alternatively, one might follow a transformation-based approach where a collection of schema transformations is provided, together with a theoretical basis of validity in applying the transformations. This approach has been applied successfully to certain problem domains, such as the integration of relational schemas with referential integrity. However, one can encode information in arbitrary, complex ways with the relational model, including using non-First Normal Form encodings, and with the incorporation of object technology into the relational model, it is becoming increasingly common for users to create new data types that have their own special semantics. Thus, no speci c theory of schema integration, no matter how complete, can ever account for all possible integration problem domains. To address this situation, we propose an extensible theory of schema integration that can serve as a framework for developing theories of schema integration in new problem areas. We then present some general theoretical results concerning schema equivalence that could be used to apply the theory to a number of problem domains.