Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Skill sets for family members and friends to help motivate a smoker to seek treatment: research to practice

Abstract Background: Translation of effective behavioral interventions is a key challenge for the addictions treatment field. With the goal of disseminating an effective behavioral intervention to practice, this narrative study describes tobacco cessation coaches’ skills sets and provides an illustrative case study of a 1-session phone intervention between a coach and a concerned family member who wants to help their smoker quit. Methods: Delivered through a quitline by quitline coaches, the intervention consisted of a 15–30 minute phone session and written materials. The goal of the intervention was for family members and friends (support persons) to encourage their smoker to use a quitline. Data were collected from transcripts of 193 audiotapes of the one session phone intervention from a previous trial (Patten et al., 2017). Using content analysis, major themes regarding barriers and challenges within the sessions and coaches’ solutions assisted in selecting case study illustrating the dialog between a coach and a support person, as well as demonstrating the coaches’ skill sets used to deliver the session. Results: The barriers and challenges among support persons (i.e. uncertainty about how to approach the smoke, the smoker is not ready to quit) and the coaches’ responses and suggestions are illustrated. Conclusions: These types of data could be useful to clinicians, providers and others interested in implementing a behavioral intervention for nonsmokers who want to support a smoker to quit.
Faster production of redex trails: The Hat G-Machine

The Hat system provides a method for tracing a lazy functional program. However Hat works by transforming the source program into a much larger self-tracing variant that runs between 15 and 100 times slower and uses several times as much memory. We show how equivalent traces can be generated much more efficiently by modifying the underlying abstract machine. Our approach shows that it is only necessary to add a few extra machine instructions and change the interpretation of a few others in order to generate Hat traces efficiently.
Introduction to Shape Analysis

The starting point of my thesis is a simple observation: most objects commonly used in computer science, such as arrays, trees or graphs, can be separated into two parts a \shape" part, describing the \structure" of the object, and a list of data. In this way we can split an array into the list of dimensions and the list of entries, a tree with labeled nodes into the underlying unlabeled tree and a list of labels, a graph with weighted edges into an unlabeled graph and a list of weights (in fact, in case of graphs we need an implicit ordering of edges as well). A closer look at this idea reveals that, for example, not every tuple consisting of a list of dimensions and a list of entries gives us an array the product of dimensions has to be equal to the length of the list of entries. The same condition holds for trees the number of nodes has to be the same as the length of the list of labels. So for every \shape" (an unlabeled tree, a list of dimensions) we have its \arity" the number of data that ts into it. We can think about shape as a structure with some holes in it the number of these holes tells us how many pieces of data we have to put in to get a complete object. Categorically, this situation is captured by a pullback
When to Fuse Two Biometrics

Biometric fusion, acquisition and combination of multiple pieces of evidence of identity, can achieve higher accuracy of biometric recognition than using a single biometric. However, fusion increases the cost or throughput of the system since it requires acquisition and processing of more samples. We document a procedure for contingent fusion. That is, two biometrics are fused only if verification on the first presented biometric is rejected. We present results of this approach for both decision and score level fusion, and examine the combination of two different algorithms, two different modalities, and two different instances of a biometric. We conclude that contingent fusion results in comparable accuracy and lower cost as measured by processing time per sample than always fusing two pieces of evidence of the same identity.
Light arrays

The Light Arrays project explores the extension of the body through an array of visible light beams projecting on the environment a dynamic representation of the body, its movement and posture. Interestingly, these light cues are visible both for the user wearing the device as well as for others. The result is an experiential bridge between what we see and what we feel or know about the dynamic, moving body. The Light Arrays afford augmented proprioception, generated through the artificial visual feedback system; enhanced body interaction prompted by the interactively augmented body image (in time and space); as well as a clear visual representation of interpersonal and inter-structural | architectural space.
Dap10 and Dap12 Form Distinct, but Functionally Cooperative, Receptor Complexes in Natural Killer Cells

Many of the activating receptors on natural killer (NK) cells are multisubunit complexes composed of ligand-binding receptors that are noncovalently associated with membrane-bound signaling adaptor proteins, including CD3ζ, FcεRIγ, DAP12, and DAP10. Because the DAP10 and DAP12 genes are closely linked, expressed in NK cells, and have remarkably similar transmembrane segments, it was of interest to determine the specificity of their interactions with ligand-binding receptors and to examine their signaling properties. Despite their similarities, DAP10, DAP12, FcεRIγ, and CD3ζ form specific receptor complexes with their ligand-binding partners in NK cells and transfectants. The transmembrane regions of DAP10 and DAP12 are sufficient to confer specific association with their partners. Although cross-linking of either DAP10- or DAP12-associated receptors has been shown to be sufficient to trigger NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity against Fc receptor–bearing cells, substantial synergy was observed in the induction of cytokine production when both receptors were engaged. Activation of the Syk/ZAP70 tyrosine kinases by the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif–containing DAP12 adaptor and of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway by the YxNM-containing DAP10 adaptor may play an important role in the stimulation of NK cells and T cells.
Detection of Triply Deuterated Ammonia in the Barnard 1 Cloud

We report the detection of the ground-state rotational transition JK = 10 → 00 (0a → 0s) of triply deuterated ammonia at 309.91 GHz in the Barnard 1 cloud, obtained with the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory. The observed, integrated, line intensity of 0.307 ± 0.019 K km s-1 implies an ND3 column density of (2 ± 0.9) × 1012 cm-2, for excitation temperatures in the range 5-10 K. Using previously published H2 and NH3 column density estimates in this source, we derive an ND3 fractional abundance with respect to H2 of (1.5 ± 1) × 10-11 and an ND3-to-NH3 abundance ratio of ~8 × 10-4. The observed abundance ratios can be explained in the framework of gas-phase chemical models, in which the dissociative recombination of partially deuterated ions results in a somewhat higher probability for the ejection of hydrogen atoms than deuterium.
Antipyretic and antinociceptive effects of Nauclea latifolia root decoction and possible mechanisms of action

Context: Nauclea latifolia Smith (Rubiaceae) is a small tree found in tropical areas in Africa. It is used in traditional medicine to treat malaria, epilepsy, anxiety, pain, fever, etc. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Nauclea latifolia roots decoction on the peripheral and central nervous systems and its possible mechanisms of action. Materials and methods: The analgesic investigation was carried out against acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced pain, hot-plate and tail immersion tests. The antipyretic activity was studied in Brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia in mice. Rota-rod test and bicuculline-induced hyperactivity were used for the assessment of locomotor activity. Results: Nauclea latifolia induced hypothermia and had antipyretic effects in mice. The plant decoction produced significant antinociceptive activity in all analgesia animal models used. The antinociceptive effect exhibited by the decoction in the formalin test was reversed by the systemic administration of naloxone, Nω-l-nitro-arginine methyl ester or glibenclamide. In contrast, theophylline did not reverse this effect. Nauclea latifolia (antinociceptive doses) did not exhibit a significant effect on motor coordination of the mice in Rota-rod performance. Nauclea latifolia protected mice against bicuculline-induced behavioral excitation. Discussion and conclusion: Overall, these results demonstrate that the central and peripheral effects of Nauclea latifolia root decoction might partially or wholly be due to the stimulation of peripheric opioid receptors through the action of the nitric oxide/cyclic monophosphate guanosin/triphosphate adenosine (NO/cGMP/ATP)-sensitive- K+ channel pathway and/or facilitation of the GABAergic transmission.
Identification of Priestley-Taylor transpiration Parameters used in TSEB model by Genetic Algorithm

The accuracy degree of extracted canopy latent heat from canopy net radiation is depending extremely to the proposed PriestleyTaylor approximation. This extracting canopy latent heat is an initial approximation to compute iteratively partitioned energy components to soil and vegetation using in Two Source Energy Balance (TSEB) Model. This approximation is using a PriestleyTaylor coefficient (αp) and fractional of Leaf Area Index (fg) that is green. The standard values are 1.26 and 1 for respectively (αp) and (fg). This study is focused to identify these two transpiration parameters (αp) and (fg) by Genetic Algorithm method to accurately predict patterns of turbulent energy fluxes by TSEB Model (Norman et al. 1995), over irrigated olive orchard in semi-arid area (Marrakech, Morocco). The (αp) and (fg) are depending on local climatic characteristics and data measurements accuracy for different periods of the year 2003. In summer 2003, the GA gives optimal values for (αp=0.93) and (fg=0.61). Ten runs of GA computing have been applied to guaranty stability of the optimization process. In fact, the simulation of latent heat becomes improved as presented as below, since comparison to ground measurements shows acceptable representativeness in summer 2003 with enhancement of TSEB Model performance assuming correlation to (0.45), bias is to (+15 W.m-2), and the root mean square have been improved to (63 W.m-2). Thus, the results obtained here show the most important support of Genetic Algorithm through the calibration
Micropuncture study of distal tubular potassium and sodium transport in rat nephron.

MALNIC, GERHARD, RUTH M. KLOSE, AND GERHARD GIEBISCH. Micropuncture study of distal tubular potassium and sodium transport in rat nephron. Am. J. Physiol. z I I (3) : 529-547. 1g66. -Samples of proximal and distal tubular fluid were collected from rats on a control or on a low-Na diet. All animals received inulin-C 14. Plasma (P) and tubular fluid (TF) were analyzed for sodium and potassium by microflame photometry. Transtubular electrical potential differences were measured with glass microelectrodes. Potassium ions were always extensively reabsorbed along the proximal tubule and along Henle’s loop. The importance of net secretion of potassium was demonstrated during hypertonic mannitol, KCI, NaC1, and NaPSO loading. Distal tubular entry of potassium always occurs down an electrochemical potential gradient. Normally, and in the state of dietary Na depletion, net sodium reabsorption along the distal tubule exceeds simultaneous potassium secretion by an order of magnitude or more. Neither the amount of sodium entering the distal tubule nor the intratubular sodium concentration were found rate limiting if a one-to-one exchange of cellular potassium for intratubular sodium were the sole mode of potassium secretion across the distal tubular epithelium.
DYING FAST AND DYING SLOW IN BLACK SPACE

Abstract Aggressive policing strategies have come under scrutiny for stark racial and ethnic inequities. New York City, home to the United States’ largest police force, was subject to a federal class action lawsuit that culminated in its “Stop, Question and Frisk” policies being ruled unconstitutional. In this paper we argue that Stop and Frisk not only violates constitutional rights, but also constitutes a public health problem. Operating as one process in the death world, Stop and Frisk transforms urban space from a resource to a source of danger; induces perceptual dysfunctions that stymie possibilities for Black engagement with the state and make blackness a metonym for crime and disorder; depletes economic and civic resources; and is embodied, by imprinting on the Black body, physically and mentally. Taken together this policing practice induces stress, fear and trauma, marks the Black body as the proper target for erasure by those who would restore the moral order of the polity, and sets Black lives on a trajectory of debility. Stop and Frisk, whatever its intent, is a necropolitical project. Though Achille Mbembe defined necropolitics as the sovereign determination of who lives and dies, we argue that necropolitical projects need not produce a dead body immediately to function. We extend Mbembe’s concept to include diffuse, environmental factors that scale up from individual encounters to Black communities. Though Foucault’s widely cited analysis sees the prison as central in the management and regulation of populations, we hold that Stop and Frisk has more in common with necropower than with biopower, producing dysfunctional bodies awaiting death.
Sparse Code Multiple Access Decoding Based on a Monte Carlo Markov Chain Method

Nonorthogonal multiple access technology has been proposed for use in 5G communications systems. In particular, the sparse code multiple access (SCMA) scheme is believed to be one of the most promising techniques among the various nonorthogonal approaches that have been investigated. In this letter, we focus on reducing the complexity of SCMA decoding and we propose a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) based SCMA decoder. Benefiting from the linearly increasing complexity of the MCMC method, the proposed SCMA decoder has only 10% of the computational load compared to previous state-of-the-art methods when the codebook size is 64. Consequently, the MCMC SCMA decoder has great potential for use in practical system implementations.
Weighted sparse coding residual minimization for visual tracking

Under a complex environment, robust visual tracking is a challenging problem due to the presence of noise, occlusion and variation of illumination. The recently proposed compressed sensing based tracker, has overcome these difficulties to a remarkable extent. Under such framework, it actually assumes that the coding residual follows Gaussian or Laplacian distribution, which may not be general enough to model the coding errors in real application scenarios. Motivated by the recently proposed new scheme for face recognition, namely robust sparse coding (RSC) [6], we propose a weighted sparse coding residue tracker. It is aimed to account for the outliers, beyond the scope of Gaussian and Laplacian noise, which is hard to describe in mathematics but common in practice. The online tracking optimization problem is solved via an efficient iteratively reweighted sparse coding algorithm. Experiments on video sequences show the excellence of the proposed tracker.
Broadcasting of multiple data streams in overlapping beams and suitable decoding methods

We consider a broadcasting scenario in which multiple beams from one or more satellites serve partially overlapping coverage areas. The satellites transmit in the same frequency band and hence create strong interference between the transmitted data streams, in particular at the intersection of the beams. We evaluate various approaches for interference cancellation at the receiver with varying performance-complexity trade-off and with different synchronization requirements, including joint decoding of multiple streams, successive interference cancellation, joint detection with separate decoding and single-user decoding. We compute the channel capacities for a two-beam scenario, which provide the fundamental limits for the described decoding schemes.
Otoferlin Is Critical for a Highly Sensitive and Linear Calcium-Dependent Exocytosis at Vestibular Hair Cell Ribbon Synapses

Otoferlin, a C2-domain-containing Ca2+ binding protein, is required for synaptic exocytosis in auditory hair cells. However, its exact role remains essentially unknown. Intriguingly enough, no balance defect has been observed in otoferlin-deficient (Otof−/−) mice. Here, we show that the vestibular nerve compound action potentials evoked during transient linear acceleration ramps in Otof−/− mice display higher threshold, lower amplitude, and increased latency compared with wild-type mice. Using patch-clamp capacitance measurement in intact utricles, we show that type I and type II hair cells display a remarkable linear transfer function between Ca2+ entry, flowing through voltage-activated Ca2+ channels, and exocytosis. This linear Ca2+ dependence was observed when changing the Ca2+ channel open probability or the Ca2+ flux per channel during various test potentials. In Otof−/− hair cells, exocytosis displays slower kinetics, reduced Ca2+ sensitivity, and nonlinear Ca2+ dependence, despite morphologically normal synapses and normal Ca2+ currents. We conclude that otoferlin is essential for a high-affinity Ca2+ sensor function that allows efficient and linear encoding of low-intensity stimuli at the vestibular hair cell synapse.
Verified AIG Algorithms in ACL2

And-Inverter Graphs (AIGs) are a popular way to represent Boolean functions (like circuits). AIG simplification algorithms can dramatically reduce an AIG, and play an important role in modern hardware verification tools like equivalence checkers. In practice, these tricky algorithms are implemented with optimized C or C++ routines with no guarantee of correctness. Meanwhile, many interactive theorem provers can now employ SAT or SMT solvers to automatically solve finite goals, but no theorem prover makes use of these advanced, AIG-based approaches. We have developed two ways to represent AIGs within the ACL2 theorem prover. One representation, Hons-AIGs, is especially convenient to use and reason about. The other, Aignet, is the opposite; it is styled after modern AIG packages and allows for efficient algorithms. We have implemented functions for converting between these representations, random vector simulation, conversion to CNF, etc., and developed reasoning strategies for verifying these algorithms. Aside from these contributions towards verifying AIG algorithms, this work has an immediate, practical benefit for ACL2 users who are using GL to bit-blast finite ACL2 theorems: they can now optionally trust an off-the-shelf SAT solver to carry out the proof, instead of using the built-in BDD package. Looking to the future, it is a first step toward implementing verified AIG simplification algorithms that might further improve GL performance.
Clk/STY (cdc2-Like Kinase 1) and Akt Regulate Alternative Splicing and Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Pre-Adipocytes

The development of adipocytes from their progenitor cells requires the action of growth factors signaling to transcription factors to induce the expression of adipogenic proteins leading to the accumulation of lipid droplets, induction of glucose transport, and secretion of adipokines signaling metabolic events throughout the body. Murine 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes sequentially express all the proteins necessary to become mature adipocytes throughout an 8–10 day process initiated by a cocktail of hormones. We examined the role of Clk/STY or Clk1, a cdc2-like kinase, in adipogenesis since it is known to be regulated by Akt, a pivotal kinase in development. Inhibition of Clk1 by a specific inhibitor, TG003, blocked alternative splicing of PKCβII and expression of PPARγ1 and PPARγ2. SiRNA depletion of Clk1 resulted in early expression of PKCβII and sustained PKCβI expression. Since Clk1 is a preferred Akt substrate, required for phosphorylation of splicing factors, mutation of Clk1 Akt phosphorylation sites was undertaken. Akt sites on Clk1 are in the serine/arginine-rich domain and not the kinase domain. Mutation of single and multiple sites resulted in dysregulation of PKCβII, PKCβI, and PPARγ1&2 expression. Additionally, adipogenesis was blocked as assessed by Oil Red O staining, adiponectin, and Glut1 and 4 expression. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that Clk1 triple mutant cDNA, transfected into pre-adipocytes, resulted in excluding SRp40 (SFSR6) from co-localizing to the nucleus with PFS, a perispeckle specific protein. This study demonstrates the role of Akt and Clk1 kinases in the early differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells to adipocytes.
On the examination couch: the relationship between the egocentric perspective and the attentional focus

ABSTRACT Determined by anatomical characteristics, the binocular visual field has an elliptical shape. Whereas the focus of attention – that area of the visual field in which objects can be consciously perceived – is significantly smaller, its shape is not necessarily dependent on the same factors. Indeed, it is yet unknown if the maximum extents of the attentional focus’ meridians are dimensionally stable or adapt to the egocentric perspective. In this study, we intended to measure the expansion up to which peripheral stimuli can still be perceived while participants were sitting and lying on the left and on the right body side. Results demonstrate that contrary to the visual field the maximum extents along the attentional focus’ meridians remain stable across different head positions with a greater horizontal than vertical alignment. This indicates that the expansion ratios of the meridians of the attentional focus are not dependent on the egocentric perspective. Rather, they appear stable in space and gravity-based. Findings are discussed in terms of our visual environment and current as well as alternative interpretations are weighed against each other.