Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation Of The Triple Helix Mohammad Natsir In Arabic Education

The integration of mosque institutions, Islamic boarding schools, and campuses in the educational process, according to Mohammad Natsir, is essential. He believes this concept is very in line with the culture of Indonesian society. According to him, the educational process that integrates the three institutions can make graduates become intellectually, emotionally, and spiritually intelligent people. This research uses qualitative techniques and data sourced from documentation studies, and interviews, the data analysis techniques used are Miles and Huberman data analysis techniques, namely data analysis techniques consisting of three stages of analysis, namely collecting data and data reduction, displaying data, and conclusion. The findings are the implementation of Mohammad Natsir's triple helix at Arraayah University Indonesia, including 1) implementation of Arabic language teaching in the Arraayah Mosque through into kalimah activities (short speech), halaqah of the Qur'an (tahfidz), mashrohiyyah (Arabic theatrical), scientific competitions. 2) The implementation of Arabic language teaching at Pesantren Arraayah is carried out in various places such as in madrasahs through Arabic language learning activities, dormitories through study group activities, monitoring Arabic-language discipline, direct evaluation from the senior student, Arabic environment conditioning, sports fields through Arabic-language conditioning activities in various sports activities, open spaces and in other public facilities in pesantren through activities jalsah tarbawiyyah. 3) The implementation of Arabic language teaching at the Arraayah Campus is carried out in lecture classes through learning materials for Arabic and Islamic studies as well as the development of Arabic language education through teaching practices and research in the Arabic teaching studies.
Stabilization of a class of plants with possible loss of outputs or actuator failures

The loss of one or more outputs of a plant is reflected by one or more rows of zeros in the plant's transfer function. In this note, the simultaneous stabilization of a plant and the same plant with loss of outputs is considered. Necessary and sufficient conditions for simultaneous stabilization of a class of plants are given as well as a simple test to determine the existence of such a controller. Actuator failure is also considered at the end as a dual problem.
Sustainability policies for circularity in Latin America

This paper analyses public policies concerning sustainability in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico; and examines their contribution to the transformation of the productivity practices towards circular economy (CE). The findings allow for a distinction among three fields: renewable energy and energy transition, sustainable production and consumption, and waste management. This paper points out elements for formulation of public policies directed towards CE, such as the need for stability and normative clarity to handle actions from active participators; the creation of taxes and economic/financial incentives to industrial updating processes and making of profit out of externalities; the formation and training of human capital to align business’ goals with sustainable practices; and both the education and sensitization of the population that drive policies dissemination.
Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and the Incidence of Dementia in the Elderly of England: The ELSA Cohort

Increasing evidence suggests an adverse association between ambient air pollution and the incidence of dementia in adult populations, although results at present are mixed and further work is required. The present study investigated the relationships between NO2, PM10, PM2.5 and ozone on dementia incidence in a cohort of English residents, aged 50 years and older, followed up between 2004 and 2017 (English Longitudinal Study of Ageing; n = 8525). Cox proportional hazards models were applied to investigate the association between time to incident dementia and exposure to pollutants at baseline. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated per 10 μg/m3. Models were adjusted for age, gender, physical activity, smoking status and level of education (the latter as a sensitivity analysis). A total of 389 dementia cases were identified during follow-up. An increased risk of developing dementia was suggested with increasing exposure to PM2.5 (HR: 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88, 1.37), whilst NO2, PM10 and ozone exhibited no discernible relationships. Hazard ratios were 0.97 (CI: 0.89, 1.05) for NO2; 0.98 (CI: 0.89, 1.08) for PM10; 1.01 (CI: 0.94, 1.09) for ozone. In the London sub-sample (39 dementia cases), a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10 was found to be associated with increased risk of dementia by 16%, although not statistically significant (HR: 1.16; CI: 0.90, 1.48), and the magnitude of effect for PM2.5 increased, whilst NO2 and ozone exhibited similar associations as observed in the England-wide study. Further work is required to fully elucidate the potentially adverse associations between air pollution exposure and dementia incidence.
Modulation effect of mouse hippocampal neural oscillations by closed-loop transcranial ultrasound stimulation

Objective. Closed-loop transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) can be applied at a specific time according to the state of neural activity to achieve timely and precise neuromodulation and improve the modulation effect. In a previous study, we found that closed-loop TUS at the peaks and troughs of the theta rhythm in the mouse hippocampus was able to increase the absolute power and decrease the relative power of the theta rhythm of local field potentials (LFPs) independent of the peaks and troughs of the stimulus. However, it remained unclear whether the modulation effect of this closed-loop TUS-induced mouse hippocampal neural oscillation depended on the peaks and troughs of the theta rhythm. Approach. In this study, we used ultrasound with different stimulation modes and durations to stimulate the peaks (peak stimulation) and troughs (trough stimulation) of the hippocampal theta rhythm. The LFPs in the area of ultrasound stimulation were recorded and the amplitudes and power spectra of the theta rhythm before and after ultrasound stimulation were analyzed. Main results. The results showed that (a) the relative change in amplitude of theta rhythm decreases as the number of stimulation trials under peak stimulation increases; (b) the relative change in the absolute power of the theta rhythm decreases as the number of stimulation trials under peak stimulation increases; (c) the relative change in amplitude of the theta rhythm increases nonlinearly with the stimulation duration (SD) under peak stimulation, and; (d) the relative change in absolute power exhibits a nonlinear increase with SD under peak stimulation. Significance. These results suggest that the modulation effect of closed-loop TUS on theta rhythm is dependent on the stimulation mode and duration under peak stimulation. TUS has the potential to precisely modulate theta rhythm-related neural activity.
Collective motion of Josephson vortices in intrinsic Josephson junctions in Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+y

We report on the experimental observation of moving Josephson vortices in mesa structures patterned on the surface of ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{8+\mathrm{y}}$ single crystals. Mesas form stacks of typically 100 intrinsic Josephson junctions. In magnetic fields parallel to the superconducting copper oxide layers, a flux-flow branch develops on the current-voltage (I-V) characteristic. We investigate this branch in magnetic fields H up to 15 kOe for junctions with lateral dimensions ranging from 20\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}20 \ensuremath{\mu}${\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ to 500\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}20 \ensuremath{\mu}${\mathrm{m}}^{2}$. Investigations show that the voltage of the branch scales with 1/H. For mesas of the same height its slope is inversely proportional to the junction area showing that the flux-flow resistance is independent of the particular junction length. Microwave emission is sensitive to the direction of fluxon motion. This shows that the flux-flow branch in the I-V characteristic is caused by the collective motion of vortices. We compare our data to numerical simulations based on the coupled sine-Gordon equations for strongly coupled, stacked Josephson junctions. We show that the observed branch can be understood as a flux-flow state caused by vortices moving with the lowest collective-mode velocity of the system. The value derived for the Swihart velocity is in good agreement with recent measurements of the c-axis Josephson plasma frequency.
Origin and Acceleration of the Slow Solar Wind

This Letter uses Doppler dimming measurements by SOHO UVCS to elucidate the origin and acceleration of the slow solar wind. By investigating plasma flow in the corona over an active region during 2000 May 14-16, we confirm what has been suggested by the presence of the imprint of active regions in the solar wind near Earth orbit, that active regions are a source of slow wind. The observed active region does not have an associated streamer in the outer corona. We explain how this implies that any related heliospheric current sheet must be transverse to the line of sight. It is this favorable geometry of a transverse heliospheric current sheet that allows the plasma flow over the active region to be isolated in path-integrated Doppler dimming measurements. The results also show that acceleration of the slow wind associated with active regions toward its terminal speed is faster than that along the heliospheric current sheet. These differences in acceleration explain why the signatures of the heliospheric current sheet are dissimilar in velocity, but not in density, between the corona and solar wind measured near Earth orbit.
Stochastic functional fourier series, Volterra series, and nonlinear systems analysis

A functional Fourier series is developed with emphasis on applications to the nonlinear systems analysis. In analogy to Fourier coefficients, Fourier kernels are introduced and can be determined through a cross correlation between the output and the orthogonal basis function of the stochastic input. This applies for the class of strict-sense stationary white inputs, except for a singularity problem incurred with inputs distributed at quantized levels. The input may be correlated if it is zero-mean Gaussian. The Wiener expansion is treated as an example corresponding to the white Gaussian input and this modifies the Lee-Schetzen algorithm for Wiener kernel estimation conceptually and computationally. The Poisson-distributed white input is dealt with as another example. Possible links between the Fourier and Volterra series expansions are investigated. A mutual relationship between the Wiener and Volterra kernels is presented for a subclass of analytic nonlinear systems. Connections to the Cameron-Martin expansion are examined as well The analysis suggests precautions in the interpretation of Wiener kernel data from white-noise identification experiments.
Content Validation of Digital Instrument for Measurement of Pedagogic Competence for Social Science Teacher Candidates in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era in Indonesia

The primary objective of this study is to determine the content validity of digital instruments used to assess social studies teacher candidates in Indonesia during the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The development of instruments was used as a research strategy. Two experts were used as content validity test subjects. Multiple-choice questions were used to elicit information on the pedagogical abilities of prospective social studies teachers. In this study, the instrument’s content validity was determined using an expert test based on the Gregory formula. According to the findings of this investigation, the instrument’s content validity is very high.
Elastomeric silicone substrates for terahertz fishnet metamaterials

In this work, we characterize the electromagnetic properties of polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) and use this as a free-standing substrate for the realization of flexible fishnet metamaterials at terahertz frequencies. Across the 0.2–2.5 THz band, the refractive index and absorption coefficient of PDMS are estimated as 1.55 and 0–22 cm−1, respectively. Electromagnetic modeling, multi-layer flexible electronics microfabrication, and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy are used in the design, fabrication, and characterization of the metamaterials, respectively. The properties of PDMS add a degree of freedom to terahertz metamaterials, with the potential for tuning by elastic deformation or integrated microfluidics.
Training and delayed reinforcements in Q‐learning agents

Q‐learning can greatly improve its convergence speed if helped by immediate reinforcements provided by a trainer able to judge the usefulness of actions as stage setting with respect to the goal of the agent. This article experimentally investigates this hypothesis studying the integration of immediate reinforcements (also called training reinforcements) with standard delayed reinforcements (namely, reinforcements assigned only when the agent–environment relationship reaches a peculiar state, such as when the agent reaches a target). The article proposes two new algorithms (TL and MTL) able to exploit even locally wrong and misleading training reinforcements. The proposed algorithms are tested against Q‐learning and other algorithms (AB–LEC and BB–LEC) described in the literature [S. D. Whitehead, TR‐365, University of Rochester, NY, 1991], which also make use of training reinforcements. Experiments are run in a grid world where a Q‐agent, a simple simulated robot, must learn to reach a target. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
DSGAN: a generative model for speckle noise reduction in retinal optical coherence tomography images

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) enables non-invasive imaging of biological tissue and has become one of the most effective tools for monitoring the retinal structures and detecting retinal diseases. However, the existence of speckle noise severely degrades the OCT image quality and makes it difficult to identify the retinal disorders accurately. In this work, a deep generative model, named as despeckling generative adversarial network (DSGAN), is proposed for retinal OCT image despeckling. The proposed DSGAN is composed of two components, i.e., a despeckling generator and a discriminator. The despeckling generator employs the residual-in-residual dense block-based U-shape network to learn how to map the noisy image to the clean image. The discriminator learns to accurately discriminate whether the real clean images are relatively more realistic than the image generated by the generator. To improve the structure preservation ability during speckle noise reduction, the structural similarity index measure (SSIM) loss is introduced into the objective function of DSGAN to achieve more structural constraints. The proposed DSGAN was evaluated and analyzed on two public OCT datasets. The qualitative and quantitative comparison results show that the proposed DSGAN can achieve higher image quality, and is more effective in both speckle noise reduction and structural information preservation than previous despeckling methods.
Symplectic integrators: An introduction

Symplectic integrators very nearly conserve the total energy and are particularly useful when treating long times. We demonstrate some of the properties of these integrators by exploring the structure of first-, second-, and fourth-order symplectic integrators and apply them to the simple harmonic oscillator. We consider numeric, geometric, and analytic aspects of the integrators with particular attention to the computed energies.
Hybrid DC-DC Converter for DC Microgrid Applications

This article, presents a hybrid converter for micro-grid application is proposed. It consists of a Solar PV as a DC source, and a storage battery to power a local DC load. The proposed converter is a simple circuit that integrated a bidirectional half-bridge DC-DC converter and a boost converter to perform charging, discharging of storage battery, and MPPT control respectively. The MPPT control for solar PV is achieved using Perturb and Observe method. A closed-loop control system is developed using PI control to charge and Discharge the battery. This DC micro-grid is integrated with the grid system and the performance of the converter is evaluated using MATLAB/Simulink software. In comparison to existing converters, the proposed converter has a lower number of power components and achieved an efficiency of 95.7%.
CLONING, SEQUENCING AND IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF AN AMYLASE OF STREPTOCOCCUS LUTETIENSIS RB4 ISOLATED FROM BOVINE RUMEN

Streptococcus lutetiensis RB4 was isolated from the rumen of beef cattle. An amylase gene from the isolate RB4 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli DH5α by using pGEMT-Easy vector system. S. lutetiensis is a member of S. bovis / S. equinus complex. Sequence characterization of the cloned gene AmySL displayed a 1640 bp long with an open reading frame coding 298 amino acids. AmySL has a molecular mass of 33.456 Da which was considerably smaller. The optimal pH and temparature for AmySL werepH 6.5 and 40oC, respectively. AmySL hydrolyzed starch to maltose and other oligosaccarides as the final products. Random coils (37.25%) and α-helix (34.23%) were dominated the secondary structure of AmySL. S. lutetiensis RB4 grouped together with S. macedanicus and S. pasterurianus according to phylogenetics analysis. This research identified some features of the amylase gene isolated from S. lutetiensis. Although S. bovis, which has an important place in amylolytic bacteria, is known to be an important factor in ruminal acidosis, the number of studies on the amylases of the SBSEC group is surprisingly low. Therefore, this study will add to our understanding of the enzymes belonging to the SBSEC complex involved in the breakdown of rumen starch.
PET Imaging of Fructose Metabolism in a Rodent Model of Neuroinflammation with 6-[18F]fluoro-6-deoxy-D-fructose

Fluorine-18 labeled 6-fluoro-6-deoxy-D-fructose (6-[18F]FDF) targets the fructose-preferred facilitative hexose transporter GLUT5, which is expressed predominantly in brain microglia and activated in response to inflammatory stimuli. We hypothesize that 6-[18F]FDF will specifically image microglia following neuroinflammatory insult. 6-[18F]FDF and, for comparison, [18F]FDG were evaluated in unilateral intra-striatal lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-injected male and female rats (50 µg/animal) by longitudinal dynamic PET imaging in vivo. In LPS-injected rats, increased accumulation of 6-[18F]FDF was observed at 48 h post-LPS injection, with plateaued uptake (60–120 min) that was significantly higher in the ipsilateral vs. contralateral striatum (0.985 ± 0.047 and 0.819 ± 0.033 SUV, respectively; p = 0.002, n = 4M/3F). The ipsilateral–contralateral difference in striatal 6-[18F]FDF uptake expressed as binding potential (BPSRTM) peaked at 48 h (0.19 ± 0.11) and was significantly decreased at one and two weeks. In contrast, increased [18F]FDG uptake in the ipsilateral striatum was highest at one week post-LPS injection (BPSRTM = 0.25 ± 0.06, n = 4M). Iba-1 and GFAP immunohistochemistry confirmed LPS-induced activation of microglia and astrocytes, respectively, in ipsilateral striatum. This proof-of-concept study revealed an early response of 6-[18F]FDF to neuroinflammatory stimuli in rat brain. 6-[18F]FDF represents a potential PET radiotracer for imaging microglial GLUT5 density in brain with applications in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.
A Low-Cost Method Shows Potentially Toxic Element Levels in Dust Correlated with Elevated Blood Levels of These Chemicals in Children Exposed to an Informal Home-Based Production Environment

Dust is recognized as a route of exposure to environmental pollutants. The city of Limeira, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, is a production center for jewelry and fashion jewelry, where part of this jewelry production is home-based, informal, and outsourced. The aim of this study was to evaluate exposure to Potentially Toxic Elements (PTE: Cr, Sn, Mn, Sb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, and As) in dust among children from households of informal workers using electrostatic dust cloths (EDC). Dust samples were collected in 21 exposed and 23 control families using EDC from surfaces where dust deposits had accumulated for approximately 14 days. In exposed families, dust samples were also collected from welders’ workstations. PTE concentrations were then determined using inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results raised concerns in relation to Cr, As, and Cd exposure among children within the informal home-based production environment. Blood PTE concentrations in children showed a moderate correlation with levels of Cr (Rho 0.40), Zn (Rho −0.43), and As (Rho 0.40), and a strong correlation with Cd (Rho 0.80) (p < 0.05), detected in dust. In conclusion, analyzing dust collected using EDC proved a potentially low-cost tool for determining PTE in dust. In addition, the results confirmed that informal home-based work poses a risk for children residing in these households. Public policies are needed to assist these families and promote better conditions of occupational health and safety for the whole family.
Universal amplitudes in finite-size scaling: the antiperiodic 3D spherical model

The antiperiodic 3D spherical model is studied on a hypercube lattice, two sides of which are finite and the other infinite. The universal correlation length finite-size scaling amplitude in the conjectured relationship xi /L=A/x is calculated exactly and found to be A=0.1361 . , which should be compared with the antiperiodic 3D Ising model value of A approximately=0.12.
Clock-Latency-Aware Fault-Tolerant DLL for Multi-Die Clock Synchronization

A delay-locked loop (DLL) circuit is indispensable for clock synchronization in a chip incorporating several heterogeneous dice. It has been shown previously that a fault and soft-error-tolerant DLL can be achieved by triple-module redundancy (TMR) enhanced with a timing correction scheme. However, the prior work still has a severe limitation—it does not consider the latency of the clock tree, and this limitation will make it infeasible in realistic situations. We demonstrate in this article that this limitation can be overcome by a new “clock-latency-aware” architecture, thereby making a fault and soft-error-tolerant DLL truly realistic.
EFFECT OF FISCAL AND MONETARY POLICY ON PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN VIETNAM

This paper aims to identify the effect of fiscal and monetary policy on private investment in Vietnam, a transition economy having robust economic growth. The quantitative analyze process employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model with a quarterly database in 2004–2020. The bound test study indicates that there is a long-term cointegration relationship between the policy variables and private investment. In the long run, the estimated result shows that the government expenditure and money supply have positive and significant impacts on private investment, however, the exchange rate has a negative and significant impact on private investment. In the short run, government expenditure also has a significant positive impact on private investment in Vietnam, besides, the lag of the private investment variable has a positive and significant which shows the supporting impact on private investment on itself. The coefficients of the tax revenue are positive and insignificant in the estimated functions. Therefore, the evidence suggests that the government needs to increase its expenditure which helps improve private investment in Vietnam in the future.