Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Large-Scale Measurement and Characterization of Cellular Machine-to-Machine Traffic

Cellular network-based machine-to-machine (M2M) communication is fast becoming a market-changing force for a wide spectrum of businesses and applications such as telematics, smart metering, point-of-sale terminals, and home security and automation systems. In this paper, we aim to answer the following important question: Does traffic generated by M2M devices impose new requirements and challenges for cellular network design and management? To answer this question, we take a first look at the characteristics of M2M traffic and compare it to traditional smartphone traffic. We have conducted our measurement analysis using a week-long traffic trace collected from a tier-1 cellular network in the US. We characterize M2M traffic from a wide range of perspectives, including temporal dynamics, device mobility, application usage, and network performance. Our experimental results show that M2M traffic exhibits significantly different patterns than smartphone traffic in multiple aspects. For instance, M2M devices have a much larger ratio of uplink-to-downlink traffic volume, their traffic typically exhibits different diurnal patterns, they are more likely to generate synchronized traffic resulting in bursty aggregate traffic volumes, and are less mobile compared to smartphones. On the other hand, we also find that M2M devices are generally competing with smartphones for network resources in co-located geographical regions. These and other findings suggest that better protocol design, more careful spectrum allocation, and modified pricing schemes may be needed to accommodate the rise of M2M devices.
A Model Checking Method to Verify BPEL4People Processes

WS-BPEL extension for people (BPEL4People) introduces human activity to Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WS-BPEL/BPEL). It's crucial to ensure the correctness and consistency of business process with constraints. Some works have been done on the verification of BPEL processes, but there are fewer works on the verification of BPEL4People processes. In this paper, we propose a model checking method to verify BPEL4People processes. First, we translate BPEL4People processes into PROMELA. During the translation, Petri net is used to model BPEL activities and the authorization step of TBAC is used to model the authorization of a human task. In practice, a tool, B2P, is developed to translate automatically. Then, by validating the generated PROMELA code in SPIN, some potential deadlocks and conflicts with user defined constraints in BPEL4People processes can be detected.
Tensions and contradictions in sport’s quest for legitimacy as a political actor: the politics of Swedish public sport policy hearings

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to and analyse strategic representations and legitimacy production in sport policy advocacy processes. Considering it as a case of public consultation in part made possible by contemporary governing systems, the empirical base of the study is the public hearings with representatives of six parliamentary parties that were arranged by the Swedish Sports Confederation (SSC) prior to the 2014 election to the Swedish parliament. Using verbatim transcripts of these hearings as data and the notion of policy advocacy as institutionally situated production of legitimising accounts, two research questions are addressed: (1) What legitimising accounts are produced and deployed by the SSC during the hearings? (2) To what wider systems of meaning are those legitimising accounts connected and how? The analysis shows three sets of legitimising accounts and how both long-standing and contemporary ideas of the sport–government relationship in Sweden were used as cultural resources in these framing processes. Two aspects of policy advocacy processes arising from the study are discussed. First, the possible reasons for and consequences of the contradictory nature of legitimising accounts advanced, and second the transformations of the institutional conditions of sport that are implied by the emergence of phenomena, such as the hearings under analysis.
The Determinants of Child Labor and Schooling in Honduras , Nicaragua , and Panama May , 2005

Child labor occurs predominantly in developing countries, but its causes are debatable. This paper investigates the supply-side determinants of child labor in Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama using data collected under the Statistical Information and Monitoring Programme on Child Labour (SIMPOC) program of the ILO. A multinomial logit analysis of the data challenges the commonly accepted assumption that child labor is driven by household poverty constraints. I find that variables that capture parents’ incentives, such as parental schooling, are much stronger determinants of child labor in the countries studied. Cross-country differences in the results confirm earlier studies that show that economic progress decreases child labor, but the country-specific results suggest that this is more likely due to factors associated with economic progress other than increase in household incomes. ∗ I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Professor John Pencavel for his patient guidance throughout the course of the year. It is a student’s honor and privilege to have worked with such a devoted teacher. This paper is dedicated to my parents for a lifetime of support and inspiration.
Conditional mutual inclusive information enables accurate quantification of associations in gene regulatory networks

Mutual information (MI), a quantity describing the nonlinear dependence between two random variables, has been widely used to construct gene regulatory networks (GRNs). Despite its good performance, MI cannot separate the direct regulations from indirect ones among genes. Although the conditional mutual information (CMI) is able to identify the direct regulations, it generally underestimates the regulation strength, i.e. it may result in false negatives when inferring gene regulations. In this work, to overcome the problems, we propose a novel concept, namely conditional mutual inclusive information (CMI2), to describe the regulations between genes. Furthermore, with CMI2, we develop a new approach, namely CMI2NI (CMI2-based network inference), for reverse-engineering GRNs. In CMI2NI, CMI2 is used to quantify the mutual information between two genes given a third one through calculating the Kullback–Leibler divergence between the postulated distributions of including and excluding the edge between the two genes. The benchmark results on the GRNs from DREAM challenge as well as the SOS DNA repair network in Escherichia coli demonstrate the superior performance of CMI2NI. Specifically, even for gene expression data with small sample size, CMI2NI can not only infer the correct topology of the regulation networks but also accurately quantify the regulation strength between genes. As a case study, CMI2NI was also used to reconstruct cancer-specific GRNs using gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). CMI2NI is freely accessible at http://www.comp-sysbio.org/cmi2ni.
Measurement coding for compressive imaging using a structural measuremnet matrix

Compressive imaging can acquire image signal in an under-sampled (i.e., under Nyquist rate) representation called measurement. However, measurement compression still has an essential problem in its overall rate-distortion performance. In this paper, we propose a measurement prediction method in which the best predictor is directionally selected in order to reduce the entropy of measurement to be sent. Generally, the measurement prediction usually works well with a small block while the quality of recovery is known to be better with a large block. In order to overcome this dilemma, we propose to use a structural measurement matrix with which compressive sensing is done in a small block size but recovery is performed in a large block size. In this way, both prediction and recovery are expected to be improved at the same time. Experimental results show its superiority in measurement coding amounting up to bitrate reduction by 39 %.
Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Activity of Fourteen Wild Edible Fruits from Burkina Faso

A total of fourteen (14) species of wild edible fruits from Burkina Faso were analyzed for their phenolic and flavonoid contents, and their antioxidant activities using the DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods. The data obtained show that the total phenolic and total flavonoid levels were significantly higher in the acetone than in the methanol extracts. Detarium microcarpum fruit had the highest phenolic and the highest flavonoid content, followed by that of Adansonia digitata, Ziziphus mauritiana, Ximenia americana and Lannea microcarpa. Significant amounts of total phenolics were also detected in the other fruit species in the following order of decreasing levels: Tamarindus indica > Sclerocarya birrea > Dialium guineense > Gardenia erubescens > Diospyros mespiliformis > Parkia biglobosa > Ficus sycomorus > Vitellaria paradoxa. Detarium microcarpum fruit also showed the highest antioxidant activity using the three antioxidant assays. Fruits with high antioxidant activities were also found to possess high phenolic and flavonoid contents. There was a strong correlation between total phenolic and flavonoid levels and antioxidant activities.
A Bayes Optimal Approach for Partitioning the Values of Categorical Attributes

In supervised machine learning, the partitioning of the values (also called grouping) of a categorical attribute aims at constructing a new synthetic attribute which keeps the information of the initial attribute and reduces the number of its values. In this paper, we propose a new grouping method MODL founded on a Bayesian approach. The method relies on a model space of grouping models and on a prior distribution defined on this model space. This results in an evaluation criterion of grouping, which is minimal for the most probable grouping given the data, i.e. the Bayes optimal grouping. We propose new super-linear optimization heuristics that yields near-optimal groupings. Extensive comparative experiments demonstrate that the MODL grouping method builds high quality groupings in terms of predictive quality, robustness and small number of groups.
TESTING THE CONSISTENCY OF DYNAMIC UML DIAGRAMS

The Unified Modeling Language (UML) offers different diagrams to depict the behavior of a modeled system and its elements. When employing different diagrams during modeling, it has to be ensured that these different specifications are consistent. The consistency conditions depend on the diagrams involved, the development process employed, and the current stage of the development. In order to ensure consistency, there is a need for a co nsistency description which is formal and precise, yet understandable and easily adoptable to new requirements. Furthermore, an automatic validation of models according to the consistency conditions is necessary. We pr opose dynamic meta modeling rules as a notation for the consistency conditions and provide the concept for an automated testing environment using these rules.
LOFAR MSSS: Detection of a low-frequency radio transient in 400 h of monitoring of the North Celestial Pole

We present the results of a four-month campaign searching for low-frequency radio transients near the North Celestial Pole with the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR), as part of the Multifrequency Snapshot Sky Survey (MSSS). The data were recorded between 2011 December and 2012 April and comprised 2149 11-minute snapshots, each covering 175 deg^2. We have found one convincing candidate astrophysical transient, with a duration of a few minutes and a flux density at 60 MHz of 15-25 Jy. The transient does not repeat and has no obvious optical or high-energy counterpart, as a result of which its nature is unclear. The detection of this event implies a transient rate at 60 MHz of 3.9 (+14.7, -3.7) x 10^-4 day^-1 deg^-2, and a transient surface density of 1.5 x 10^-5 deg^-2, at a 7.9-Jy limiting flux density and ~10-minute time-scale. The campaign data were also searched for transients at a range of other time-scales, from 0.5 to 297 min, which allowed us to place a range of limits on transient rates at 60 MHz as a function of observation duration.
Recurrent Neural Network for syntax learning with flexible predicates for robotic architectures

We present a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), namely an Echo State Network (ESN), that performs sentence comprehension and can be used for Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). The RNN is trained to map sentence structures to meanings (i.e. predicates). We have previously shown that this ESN is able to generalize to unknown sentence structures. Moreover, it is able to learn English, French or both at the same time. The are two novelties presented here: (1) the encapsulation of this RNN in a ROS module enables one to use it in a robotic architecture like the Nao humanoid robot, and (2) the flexibility of the predicates it can learn to produce (e.g. extracting adjectives) enables one to use the model to explore language acquisition in a developmental approach.
ACK pushout to achieve TCP fairness under the existence of bandwidth asymmetry

On a bandwidth asymmetric link, such as an ADSL cable or a wireless link over an IEEE802.11-based wireless LAN, TCP flows are likely either data bottlenecked or ACK bottlenecked, where a data (ACK) bottlenecked flow means the one whose ACK (data) segments are rarely lost but data (ACK) segments are frequently lost. The bandwidth asymmetry causes two types of unfairness problems. One is the unfairness between data- and ACK-bottlenecked flows; ACK bottlenecked flows obtain larger bandwidths than data bottlenecked flows. The other is the unfairness among ACK bottlenecked flows; some of ACK bottlenecked flows consume most of bandwidths. In this article, we propose a buffer management scheme, called the ACK pushout, in order to cope with the two types of unfairness problems simultaneously. To improve the unfairness between data- and ACK-bottlenecked flows, the ACK pushout simply removes an ACK segment from the buffer when a data segment arriving at the buffer finds that it is fully occupied. To improve the unfairness among ACK-bottlenecked flows, the ACK pushout discards one of ACK segments of the flow that has the largest number of ACKs in the buffer when an ACK segment arriving at the buffer finds that it is fully occupied. Through extensive simulation experiments by ns2, we verify that the ACK pushout greatly improves the fairness.
Hubungan Self Esteem dengan Impulse Buying pada Mahasiswa Angkatan 2013 Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas X Bandung

Abstract. College students year of 2013 in Faculty of Economy University X Bandung feel unsatisfied with their self, that is caused by how unsatisfied they feel towards the personality they had so the also feel it hard to get attention from their friends and make them really easy to be affected by their friends including in the way how they dress.To increase their self esteem they buy up to date fashion items to support their appearance and self-assesment because that is the thing that being considered by their environment. The purpose of this research is to know how closely the relationship between self esteem and impulse buying college students year of 2013 in Faculty of Economy University X Bandung . The method that used is corellational method with the amount of subject is 38 persons . The standard measuring tool for self esteem is adapted from the theory of Coopersmith (1967),“Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory”, and the standard measuring tools for impulse buying is adapted from the Verp lanken theory (2001),“The Impulse buying tendencies scal e”. According to processed data by Rank Spearman corellation, there are a negative significance relationship between self esteem and impulse buying (rs = -0,516 ). Abstrak. Mahasiswa Angkatan 2013 Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas X Bandung merasa tidak puas dengan dirinya, hal tersebut disebabkan karena mereka merasa kurang puas dengan kepribadian yang mereka miliki, sehingga mereka juga merasa sulit untuk diperhatikan oleh teman-temannya sehingga membuat mereka mudah terpengaruh oleh teman-temannya, termasuk cara berpakainnya. Untuk meningkatkan penghargaan diri mereka melakukan pembelian produk fashion yang up to date untuk menunjang penampilan mereka dan meningkatkan rasa penilaian diri karena diperhatikan oleh lingkungannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa erat hubungan self esteem dengan impulse buying mahasiswa Angkatan 2013 Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas X Bandung. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode korelasional dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 38 orang. Alat ukur baku self esteem diadaptasi dari teori Coopersmith (1967) yaitu “Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory”, dan alat ukur baku impulse buying yang diadaptasi dari teori Verplanken (2001) yaitu “the impulse buying tendency scale”. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data dengan menggunakan korelasi Rank Spearman didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat hubungan negatif signifikan antara self esteem dengan impulse buying (rs = -0,516).
Defining bioidentical hormones for menopause-related symptoms

In the last decade, the use of bioidentical hormones (BHs) to treat menopause-related symptoms has become increasingly popular. However, the many different definitions of BHs have led to a great deal of confusion often making it difficult for health care providers to discuss this area with patients. Objective The purpose of this paper was to produce a concise definition of bioidentical hormones, based on a review of the literature. Methods Searches, using systematic review methodology, were conducted from inception to June 2010 in PubMed, EMBASE, IPA, The Journal of International Compounding and the Internet to identify definitions of bioidentical hormones. There were no restrictions on type, date or language of publication. Included papers/website included those that contained a definition of BHs. Definitions were extracted, similarities and differences summarized, and these were then examined to produce a concise definition. Results Sixty-three definitions were found. Based on the analysis of similarities and differences, the following definition, comprised of three components (term being defined; category to which term belongs; distinctive characteristics of term) was produced: “Bioidentical hormones are chemical substances that are identical in molecular structure to human hormones. ” Conclusions This definition clearly and concisely explains the meaning of BHs which should lead to a common understanding of the term and limit confusion among health care providers, the general public and the scientific community.
General network analysis of national soccer teams in FIFA World Cup 2014

This study analyzed the network characteristics of successful and unsuccessful national teams that participated in FIFA World Cup 2014. The relationship between the variables of overall team performance and the network characteristics measured on the basis of the passes between teammates was also investigated. A dataset of 37,864 passes between teammates in 64 soccer matches enabled the study on network structure and team performance of 32 national soccer teams. Our results showed significant differences in the dependent variables of network density (F4,123 = 2.72; p = 0.03; η2p = 0.04; small effect size) and total links (F4,123 = 2.73; p = 0.03; η2p = 0.04; small effect size) between the teams that reached the later stages of the tournament. Goals scored presented a small positive correlation with total links (r = 0.24; p = 0.001), network density (r = 0.24; p = 0.001), and clustering coefficient (r = 0.17; p > 0.050). High levels of goals scored were associated with high levels of total links, network density, and clustering coefficient. This study showed that successful teams have a high level of network density, total links, and clustering coefficient. Thus, large values of connectivity between teammates are associated with better overall team performance.
An Overview of the Factors Responsible for GPS Signal Error: Origin and Solution

An overview of the factors responsible in degradation of GPS (Global Positioning System) is described. Moreover, the major sources of error, their cause and how to reduce their effects are briefly discussed. Range errors such as ionospheric and tropospheric delays and equipment errors such as noise and multipath are separately explained. The latest developments in enhancing the quality of GPS technology are mentioned.
A critical review of manufacturing and supply chain research through co-words analysis: 2004–2014

The present work carries out a comprehensive and systematic review of academic research on supply chain and manufacturing flexibility, using -a specific type of bibliometric indicator-co-words analysis. This approach provides a more methodical view of the development and size of this research line, synthesise and organise existing knowledge through the identification of research clusters, and identify potential avenues for future research. The results reveal that this field has a rich, complex structure and various branches of topics with different levels of development. We found well developed themes, such as Performance; emerging themes, such as Perspective and Product Development; peripheral themes, such as Model; and specialized themes, such as Marketing Channel.
The morphoelectrotonic transform: a graphical approach to dendritic function

Electrotonic structure of dendrites plays a critical role in neuronal computation and plasticity. In this article we develop two novel measures of electrotonic structure that describe intraneuronal signaling in dendrites of arbitrary geometry. The log-attenuation Lij measures the efficacy, and the propagation delay Pij the speed, of signal transfer between any two points i and j. These measures are additive, in the sense that if j lies between i and k, the total distance Lik is just the sum of the partial distances: Lik = Lij + Ljk, and similarly Pik = Pij + Pjk. This property serves as the basis for the morphoelectrotonic transform (MET), a graphical mapping from morphological into electrotonic space. In a MET, either Pij or Lij replace anatomical distance as the fundamental unit and so provide direct functional measures of intraneuronal signaling. The analysis holds for arbitrary transient signals, even those generated by nonlinear conductance changes underlying both synaptic and action potentials. Depending on input location and the measure of interest, a single neuron admits many METs, each emphasizing different functional consequences of the dendritic electrotonic structure. Using a single layer 5 cortical pyramidal neuron, we illustrate a collection of METs that lead to a deeper understanding of the electrical behavior of its dendritic tree. We then compare this cortical cell to representative neurons from other brain regions (cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal, region CA1 hippocampal pyramidal, and cerebellar Purkinje). Finally, we apply the MET to electrical signaling in dendritic spines, and extend this analysis to calcium signaling within spines. Our results demonstrate that the MET provides a powerful tool for obtaining a rapid and intuitive grasp of the functional properties of dendritic trees.