Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Black Families' Experiences of Developmental Screening: Review of Well-Child Visits to Inform Enhanced Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk Assessment

ABSTRACT: Objective: Black families face barriers to early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most work emphasizes systemic delays to diagnosis rather than how existing screening procedures may affect identification. Our goal was to examine pediatric care visits in which screening was most likely to occur to document behaviors of parents and providers. Methods: We examined 18- to 36-month primary care visits in our electronic health record system (n = 99) of thirty-nine 4- and 8-year-old Black children later diagnosed with ASD. We extracted qualitative and quantitative data and engaged in consensus coding. We captured whether formal screening occurred, the content of concerns of parents and providers, and referral patterns for follow-up care or evaluation. Results: Consistent with existing work, we found differences in parent and provider concerns and discrepancies in referral rates. Parents often endorsed concerns about language, sleeping or eating habits, behavior, or motor skills rather than ASD, but specific mention of ASD as a concern increased over time. Referrals for follow-up care were more likely when providers, not parents alone, expressed concerns about patient development. Conclusion: Pediatric providers cannot place the burden on families to raise autism concerns. Although some level of developmental risk was noted at most visits for children later diagnosed with ASD, referrals were only made when providers were also concerned, and most of these were for speech-language evaluation. Ongoing work is necessary to better understand how existing care systems interact with diverse families to inform the creation of inclusive screening practices that mitigate diagnostic delays.
Effects of ethanol extract of Afrostyrax lepidophyllus seeds on reproductive parameters and oxidative stress markers in male guinea pigs ( Cavia porcellus ) exposed to Paraquat

Paraquat is a contact herbicide, particularly effective for weeds control. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of ethanol extract of Afrostyrax lepidophyllus (EEAL) seeds on reproductive toxicity and oxidative stress caused by paraquat in male Guinea pigs. 60 male guinea pigs were randomly assigned to 6 treatment groups (n = 8) which orally received varied concentration of solutions for 115 days. Group 1 (G1) received distilled water; group 2 (G2) was given 4 mg kg -1 of body weight of paraquat (PQ), group 3 (G3) received 4 mg kg -1 bw of PQ and 100 mg kg -1 bw of Vitamin C (Vit C) while groups 4, 5 and 6 were co-treated with PQ (4 mg kg -1 ) plus EEAL at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg kg -1 bw respectively. Serum testosterone, total cholesterol, the reaction time, sexual organ weights, sperm count, motility and anomalies (minors and majors), spermatozoa with entire plasma membrane, testicular malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and total peroxidases activities were assessed. Result showed that the co-administration of paraquat and EEAL significantly ( p< 0.05) reduced the reaction time, serum concentrations of testosterone and total cholesterol, sperm anomalies and testicular levels of MDA, SOD, CAT, peroxydases and total proteins compared to the receiving paraquat only group. The co-administration of paraquat and EEAL significantly ( p< 0.05) alleviated sperm count and motility, percentage of spermatozoa with the normal plasma membrane, seminal vesicle and prostate weights with reference to guinea pigs given PQ only. In conclusion, paraquat negatively affected animal reproductive function and induced oxidative stress. The co-administration of EEAL alleviated the toxic effects of paraquat on the reproductive function of male guinea pigs.
Does Experiencing Fieldwork Strengthen or Dampen Indonesian Preservice Biology Teachers’ Attitude and Self-Reported Behavior towards Environment?

The current study examines the impact of fieldwork activities on Indonesian preservice biology teachers’ attitudes towards the environment and self-reported conservation behavior. A total of 283 Indonesian preservice biology teachers (16% male and 84% female) participated in the study and four different instruments were used to explore the research questions. Validity and reliability of the research instruments were tested by performing Rasch model analysis. To explore the moderation effect of fieldwork on correlated variables, multiple-regressions test was conducted. The findings showed that fieldwork acted as a moderating factor in creating the relationships between Ecocentric Concern and Personal Conservation Behavior and between Human Utilization attitude and Personal Conservation Behavior. The correlation between findings and the Indonesian preservice biology teachers’ curriculum are discussed.
Horticultural Approach for Ex-situ Conservation of Endangered Mangifera species

— Mango ( Mangifera indica L. ) is grown as one of the major fruit crops in all the countries of tropical and subtropical Africa, America and Asia pacific. As there is huge export marketing demand for mango the industrial sector depends on few of the commercial cultivars, resulting in narrowing of the genetic base and flourishing pertaining to the loss of wild species by several anthropogenetic ecological impacts. There is record of more than 60 wild Mangifera species identified in South East Asia many are now locally rare and are enclosed on the IUCN Red List categorized as Mangifera andamanica (near threatened) , Mangifera camptosperma (near threatened) , Mangifera casturi (extinct), Mangifera griffithii (no entries found) , Mangifera indica (data deficient), Mangifera odorata (data deficient) , Mangifera sylvatica (least-concern) and Mangifera zeylanica (vulnerable), although there are some conservation initiatives the biodiversity of these wild Mangifera species continue to descent. The present study was designed to vegetatively propagate M. andamanica, M. camptosperma and M. griffithii, for long-term sustainment in the gene bank. The establishment of these Mangifera species through ex-situ conservation was successful using current grafting techniques on Mangifera indica root stocks (polyembryonic) and ongoing with initiation in DNA characterisation and assessing for the purpose of breeding.
HW-Flow: A Multi-Abstraction Level HW-CNN Codesign Pruning Methodology

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have produced unprecedented accuracy for many computer vision problems in the recent past. In power and compute-constrained embedded platforms, deploying modern CNNs can present many challenges. Most CNN architectures do not run in real-time due to the high number of computational operations involved during the inference phase. This emphasizes the role of CNN optimization techniques in early design space exploration. To estimate their efficacy in satisfying the target constraints, existing techniques are either hardware (HW) agnostic, pseudo-HW-aware by considering parameter and operation counts, or HW-aware through inflexible hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) setups. In this work, we introduce HW-Flow, a framework for optimizing and exploring CNN models based on three levels of hardware abstraction: Coarse , Mid and Fine . Through these levels, CNN design and optimization can be iteratively refined towards efficient execution on the target hardware platform. We present HW-Flow in the context of CNN pruning by augmenting a reinforcement learning agent with key metrics to understand the influence of its pruning actions on the inference hardware. With 2 × reduction in energy and latency, we prune ResNet56, ResNet50, and DeepLabv3 with minimal accuracy degradation on the CIFAR-10, ImageNet, and CityScapes datasets, respectively
Frequency-dependent electrical response of holes in poly(p- phenylene vinylene)

Transport of holes in poly(p-phenylene vinylene! has been studied as a function of frequency, temperature, dc bias, and polymer thickness. For such a low mobility material we demonstrate that the specific frequency dependence of the response reflects the wide distribution in transit times of the injected carriers due to dispersive transport. The dc mobility is shown to correspond to the average of this dispersion and follows the empirical ln(mdc)}AE law. @S0163-1829~99! 51736-0#
Absolute frequency measurement and spectroscopy of gas laser transitions in the far infrared.

Absolute frequencies of the 311‐μ and the 337‐μ transitions of the CN gas laser are measured to within a few parts in 107. This is achieved by mixing the laser frequencies with high order harmonics of a microwave signal in a silicon diode. The beat frequencies of these two transitions which falls at 73.5 GHz is also measured directly. The Zeeman effect of these two laser transitions is studied. Based on a detailed analysis, it is found that the existing identification of these transitions is inconsistent with our observations.
Layout optimization with assist features placement by model based rule tables for 2x node random contact

As the industry pushes to ever more complex illumination schemes to increase resolution for next generation memory and logic circuits, sub-resolution assist feature (SRAF) placement requirements become increasingly severe. Therefore device manufacturers are evaluating improvements in SRAF placement algorithms which do not sacrifice main feature (MF) patterning capability. There are known-well several methods to generate SRAF such as Rule based Assist Features (RBAF), Model Based Assist Features (MBAF) and Hybrid Assisted Features combining features of the different algorithms using both RBAF and MBAF. Rule Based Assist Features (RBAF) continue to be deployed, even with the availability of Model Based Assist Features (MBAF) and Inverse Lithography Technology (ILT). Certainly for the 3x nm node, and even at the 2x nm nodes and lower, RBAF is used because it demands less run time and provides better consistency. Since RBAF is needed now and in the future, what is also needed is a faster method to create the AF rule tables. The current method typically involves making masks and printing wafers that contain several experiments, varying the main feature configurations, AF configurations, dose conditions, and defocus conditions – this is a time consuming and expensive process. In addition, as the technology node shrinks, wafer process changes and source shape redesigns occur more frequently, escalating the cost of rule table creation. Furthermore, as the demand on process margin escalates, there is a greater need for multiple rule tables: each tailored to a specific set of main-feature configurations. Model Assisted Rule Tables(MART) creates a set of test patterns, and evaluates the simulated CD at nominal conditions, defocused conditions and off-dose conditions. It also uses lithographic simulation to evaluate the likelihood of AF printing. It then analyzes the simulation data to automatically create AF rule tables. It means that analysis results display the cost of different AF configurations as the space grows between a pair of main features. In summary, model based rule tables method is able to make it much easier to create rule tables, leading to faster rule-table creation and a lower barrier to the creation of more rule tables.
Duality in Mechanics

Given an electric network Ee which has M meshes and P node‐pairs, its electric dual Ei will have P meshes and M node‐pairs and its classical mechanical analog Mf will have M + 1 nodes, M independent node‐pairs and P independent node cycles. A second mechanical system Mv, the classical analog of Ei, will have M cycles and P node‐pairs. If, for example, M = 2, P = 3, the system Ee, and Mv, analogs in the Firestone or “mobility” method, will be governed by two mesh equations, expressing that the algebraic sum of the voltages or velocities around any loop is zero; the systems Ei and Mf, also Firestone analogs, will satisfy two node equations, expressing that the algebraic sum of the currents or forces leaving any node is zero. These four sets of equations are identical, interchanging symbols suitably. The consideration of the four systems, Ee, Ei, Mv, Mf, forming a complete set, shows the advantages of the Firestone over the classical system of analogies and suggests a systematic use of duality in mechanical .
Injection locking of coupled‐stripe diode laser arrays

The control of the far‐field beam pattern and the spectrum of 10‐element laser diode array by injection locking to a single‐mode master laser are described. With less than 3 mW of injected power an array output of 105 mW at a single frequency with a 0.5° wide far‐field lobe is obtained. Similar results are observed when the entire array is illuminated by the master laser beam, or when only one of the stripes is illuminated. The narrow lobe contains 60–70% of the total power and is centered at an angle of about 4° relative to the normal of the array facet.
Reflectance Spectra of κ-(BEDT-TTF)2I3:Electronic Structure of Dimeric BEDT-TTF Salts

Polarized reflectance spectra of a single crystal of κ-(BEDT-TTF) 2 I 3 were measured at 295 K and 15 K over the spectral range from 500 cm -1 to 25000 cm -1 . The infrared property was two-dimensional. Non-Drude mid-infrared features were observed in spite of the metallic dc conductivity. A comparison with β- and θ-(BEDT-TTF) 2 I 3 shows that this behavior has a close connection with the dimeric structure of κ-salts. We analyzed the observed line shape by the curve-fitting analysis, and obtained optical effective masses. On the basis of the perturbation theory, an effective tight-binding band model for κ-salt was derived. We estimated the transfer integrals using this model.
A Spatiotemporal Analysis of Historical Droughts in Korea

The climatological characteristics of drought in South Korea were investigated using daily precipitation data for 1777‐2008. The effective drought index was used to quantify the drought intensity. As a result, five characteristics were discovered. First, South Korea can be divided into four drought subregions (the central, southern, and east coastal regions and Jeju Island) using hierarchical cluster analysis. Second, a map for longterm drought conditions in the four subregions is created that allows identification of the spatiotemporal distribution of droughts for the 231 yr at a glance. Third, droughts in South Korea have time scales that depend on the onset season. Spring (March‐May) droughts tend to be short (#200 days) because the summer (June‐September)rainyseasonfollows.Summerdroughtstendtobelong(.200days)becausethedryseason (October‐February) follows. In the dry season, droughts tend to be sustained or become severe rather than being initiated or relieved. Fourth, 5-, 14-, 34-, and 115-yr drought cycles were identified by spectral analysis. The 5-yr cycle was dominant in all of the regions, the 14-yr cycle was observed over the southern and east coastal regions, and the 34-yr cycle was observed over the central region. Fifth, the most extreme drought occurred in 1897‐1903 (return period: 233 yr) and was associated with the 115-yr drought cycle. After this drought, severe droughts (return period of .10 yr) occurred in 1927‐30, 1938‐40, 1942‐45, 1951‐52, 1967‐69, and 1994‐96; they were caused by the consecutive shortage of summer rainfall for two or more years.
MINIMUM DIMENSION ANALYSIS MDA

In the present paper, the method of minimum dimension analysis (MDA) is given with examples. This method belongs to the same genre as smallest space analysis (SSA) by L. Guttman. Let Rij be the relation between i-element and j-element, i, j = 1,2,. , N. If Rij is given in the form of rank order, SSA gives the configuration of the elements with less inconsistancy in Euclidean space having smallest dimension. MDA reveals the configuration of those in the case where Rij is given in the form of rank ordered group.
SME filter approach to multiple target tracking with false and missing measurements

The symmetric measurement equation (SME) filter for track maintenance in multiple target tracking is extended to the general case when there are an arbitrary unknown number of false and missing position measurements in the measurement set at any time point. It is assumed that the number N of targets is known a priori and that the target motions consist of random perturbations of constant-velocity trajectories. The key idea in the paper is to generate a new measurement vector from sums-of-products of the elements of 'feasible' N-element data vectors that pass a thresholding operation in the sums-of-products framework. Via this construction, the data association problem is completely avoided, and in addition, there is no need to identify which target measurements may correspond to false returns or which target measurements may be missing. A computer simulation of SME filter performance is given, including a comparison with the associated filter (a benchmark) and the joint probabilistic data association (JPDA) filter.
Methodology and Application of the Kruskal-Wallis Test

This paper describes the methodology and application of the very popular nonparametric test which is a rank based test named as Kruskal-Wallis. This test is useful as a general nonparametric test for comparing more than two independent samples. It can be used to test whether such samples come from the same distribution. This test is powerful alternative to the one-way analysis of variance. Nonparametric ANOVA has no assumption of normality of random error but the independence of random error is required. If the Kruskal-Wallis statistic is significant, the nonparametric multiple comparison tests are useful methods for further analysis. The statistical analysis of the application data in this paper was performed with software MATLAB.
Design of primers for evaluation of some gram-negative bacteria isolated from intensive care unit patients in Wasit province, Iraq

Intensive care unit (ICU) patients frequently have consequences from healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which include bacteremia, pneumonia, urinary tract, skin, or soft tissue infections. In this study, a total of 100 clinical specimens (urine, sputum and pus) were collected from patients admitted in the ICU. Results showed eighty two were positive growth culture and admitted to the intensive care unit distributed 1 (1.2%) Klebsiella oxytoca, 5(6.25%) Proteus mirabilis, 2 (2.4%) Acinetobacter baumannii , 1 (1.2%) Serratia marcescens and 1 (1.2%) Burkholderia cepacia group bacteria . The results of this study showed that the diagnostic test for 16S rRNA bacteria ( Proteus mirabilis ), which numbered 5 (100%), bacteria ( Acinetobacter baumannii ), which numbered 2 (100%), bacteria ( Burkholderia cepacia ), which numbered 1 (100%), bacteria ( Serratia marcescens ), which numbered 1 (100%), and Bacteria ( klebsiella oxytoca ), which numbered 1 (100%) after completing the phenotypic and biochemical diagnosis diagnostic test ( 16S rRNA ).
Deep Learning-Based UAV Aerial Triangulation without Image Control Points

: The emerging drone aerial survey has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and flexible use. However, UAVs are often equipped with cheap POS systems and non-measurement cameras, and their flight attitudes are easily affected. How to realize the large-scale mapping of UAV image-free control supported by POS faces many technical problems. The most basic and important core technology is how to accurately realize the absolute orientation of images through advanced aerial triangulation technology. In traditional aerial triangulation, image matching algorithms are constrained to varying degrees by preset prior knowledge. In recent years, deep learning has developed rapidly in the field of photogrammetric computer vision. It has surpassed the performance of traditional handcrafted features in many aspects. It has shown stronger stability in image-based navigation and positioning tasks, especially it has better resistance to unfavorable factors such as blur, illumination changes, and geometric distortion. Based on the introduction of the key technologies of aerial triangulation without image control points, this paper proposes a new drone image registration method based on deep learning image features to solve the problem of high mismatch rate in traditional methods. It adopts SuperPoint as the feature detector, uses the superior generalization performance of CNN to extract precise feature points from the UAV image, thereby achieving high-precision aerial triangulation. Experimental results show that under the same pre-processing and post-processing conditions, compared with the traditional method based on the SIFT algorithm, this method achieves suitable precision more efficiently, which can meet the requirements of UAV aerial triangulation
The epiglottis as an articulator

We believe that the importance of the epiglottis in speech has been generally underestimated in the phonetic literature. Our evidence leads us to conclude that the epiglottis is an active and independent articulator in the production of pharyngeal consonants and that it is involved in the production of the vowel [a] and in whisper. In earlier phonetic works that we have examined, to the extent that the epiglottis is mentioned at all, it is generally said to have no speech function. An exception to this is the work of Russell (1931), Appelman (1967) and Wilson (1976), where they suggest that the epiglottis is crucial to the production of [a], but because they rely on lateral x-rays, they are unable to complete a convincing case.
Phase error in Fourier transform spectrometers employing polarization interferometers

Phase error is common in reflective interferometers, such as the Michelson. This yields highly asymmetric interferograms that complicate the post-processing of single-sided interference data. Common methods of compensating for phase errors include the Mertz, Forman, and Cannes phase correction techniques. However, birefringent interferometers often have highly symmetric interferograms; thus, compensating for phase errors may represent an unnecessary and/or detrimental step in post processing. In this paper, an analysis of the phase error generated by the Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging Polarimeter (IHIP) is conducted. First, a model of the IHIP is presented that quantifies the phase error in the system. The error associated with calculating spectra from single-sided interferograms, using Mertz phase correction and simple singlesided to double-sided mirroring, is then investigated and compared to "true" double-sided Cannes phase corrected spectra. These error calculations are set within the context of measurements taken from a Michelson interferometer-based Fourier transform spectrometer. Results demonstrate that the phase error of the IHIP is comparatively small and that Mertz phase correction may not be necessary to minimize error in the spectral calculation.
From Affiliation Matrices to Adjacency Matrices: Methods and Techniques for the Analysis of Centrality

In the analysis of 2-mode networks, the transition from affiliation matrices to adjacency matrices formalizes the information on overall actors' participation in the occasions, in a way that does not allow to exploit the whole amount of information in some analysis, such as centrality. In this article, I propose a procedure for the calculation of a different and more informative adjacency matrix; moreover, I propose an adaptation for Freeman centrality indices; this adaptation accounts for the different organization of the information on the intersubset ties, which allows the computation of centrality using all the available information. Finally, I empirically illustrate the introduced procedures, and the information they allow to retrieve, analyzing a real 2-mode network known in the literature.