Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Value-based argumentation frameworks

In this paper I introduce the notion of Value-Based Argumentation Frameworks (VAF). I start from a standard notion of argumentation frameworks which has been widely used to analyse logics for defeasible argument, and extend it so as to make defeat dependent on the relative importance of the values the arguments advance or protect. The idea is to re-introduce an element which has been abstracted away in standard argumentation frameworks, and which can be used to ground a rational choice between alternatives which are equally tenable from the more abstract point of view. The key result of the paper is to show that in a VAF it may be possible to force rational acceptance of particular arguments within the VAF, irrespective of how the values are ranked. Such arguments can be seen as objectively acceptable. In addition to the definition of VAFs, and exploration of their properties, particularly for the special, but rather common, case where there are precisely two values involved, the paper gives a detailed analysis of a well known moral dispute in terms of a VAF, and presents some heuristics for extending a given VAF to change the status of particular arguments.
Human Detection Based on Fusion of Histograms of Oriented Gradients and Main Partial Features

In this paper, a new method for human detection based on Adaboost is proposed: selecting the proper partial features of human which include Haar features and histograms of gradients with new extraction and combining them to form a structure to detect humans. We analyze the robustness of different part detectors of human and gain better features through experiments. And a new method based on histograms of gradients is proposed to reduce the false positives. At last, a whole process framework is constructed for human detection. The results of detection experiments show its validity. Keywords-detection; partial; Haar; HOG; adaboost
The Study of Correlation between Online English Learning Anxiety and Achievement for Chinese College Students

The popularization of mobile internet devices is the foundation of the reformation in foreign language learning learning mode. And studies on online foreign language learning anxiety has been the hot topic recently. This thesis applied Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale to explore the relationship between online English learning anxiety and achievement. And the results demonstrated that Chinese college students are showing moderate English learning anxiety. Online English learning anxiety is negatively correlated with language achievement. It worth noting that there exist significant differences between female and male students towards detailed elements in language anxiety scale.
Hanzi grid: toward a knowledge infrastructure for Chinese character-based cultures

The long-term historical development and broad geographical variation of Chinese character (Hanzi/Kanji) has made it a cross-cultural information sharing platform in East Asia. In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework for the knowledge representation of Hanzi in the cross-cultural context. Our proposal is mainly based on two resources: Hantology and Generative Lexicon Theory. Hantology is a comprehensive Chinese character-based knowledge resource created to provide a solid foundation both for philological surveys and language processing tasks, while Generative lexicon theory is extended to catch the abundant knowledge information of Chinese characters within its proposed qualia structure. We believe that the proposed theoretical framework will have great influence on the current research paradigm of Hanzi studies, and help to shape an emergent model of intercultural collaboration.
Effects of a Multispecies Probiotic Mixture on Glycemic Control and Inflammatory Status in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Objective. This trial aims to examine the effects of a Probiotic Mixture (VSL#3) on glycemic status and inflammatory markers, in women with GDM. Materials and Methods. Over a period of 8 weeks, 82 women with gestational diabetes were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n = 41) which were given VSL#3 capsule or to a control group which were given placebo capsule (n = 41). Fasting plasma glucose, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, glycosylated hemoglobin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, Interferon gamma, and interleukin-10 were measured before and after the intervention. Results. After 8 wk of supplementation FPG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and insulin levels remained unchanged in the probiotic and placebo groups. The comparison between the two groups showed no significant differences with FPG and HbA1c, but there were significant differences in insulin levels and HOMA-IR (16.6 ± 5.9; 3.7 ± 1.5, resp.). Unlike the levels of IFN-g (19.21 ± 16.6), there was a significant decrease in levels of IL-6 (3.81 ± 0.7), TNF-α (3.10 ± 1.1), and hs-CRP (4927.4 ± 924.6). No significant increase was observed in IL-10 (3.11 ± 5.7) in the intervention group as compared with the control group. Conclusions. In women with GDM, supplementation with probiotics (VSL#3) may help to modulate some inflammatory markers and may have benefits on glycemic control.
major histocompatibility complex class Ib antigens gamma / delta expressing T cells with specificity for host nonclassical Lethal murine graft-versus-host disease induced by donor

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A mobility based link layer approach for mobile wireless sensor networks

Several MAC protocols have been proposed for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). These include T-MAC, D-MAC and the more commonly utilized SMAC. In this paper, we propose a new MAC layer approach to support mobility in WSNs. The proposed technique utilizes an adaptive frame size approach to overcome the effect of frame losses caused by the Doppler shifts under mobile scenarios. An extended Kalman filter is used to predict the frame size for each transmission, which also directly enhances the energy efficiency of the system. Our results show that based on the adaptive frame size predictor and its comparison with the SMAC protocol, the proposed technique can improve overall system performance and deliver enhanced energy efficiency of 24% under mobility. The current implementation of ns-2 does not take into consideration the packet error rate. As another contribution of our work, we have developed a physical layer model for ns-2, which processes the received frame based not only on the fading characteristics of the signal but also the SNR and relative velocity between the nodes. To characterize a more accurate wireless sensor networks' physical layer, we have modeled the Mica-2 sensors in MATLAB and implemented the model in ns-2 for simulations
A Vision of Vision : Recognition and Imagery in a Hierarchical Model

Motivation: Natural objects are hierarchical. For example, a face consists of individual p arts, like eyes, a nose and a mouth, which are objects themselves. A dilemma becomes apparent when ones tries to include information about the parts in the representation of the whole object: Having the neurons th at code for the parts, e.g. for a mouth, feed into the units that code for the face leads to implausible constraints on the eural architecture. Placing them on the same level in the hierarchy would in turn seem to preclude any possibility of m deling the “part-whole” relationship.
Entropy of the Randall–Sundrum black brane world to all orders in the Planck length

We study the effects, to all orders in the Planck length from a generalized uncertainty principle (GUP), on the statistical entropy of massive scalar bulk fields in the Randall–Sundrum black brane world. We show that the Bekenstein–Hawking area law is not preserved, and contains a correction term proportional to the black hole inverse area.
A Design-Oriented Soft Error Rate Variation Model Accounting for Both Die-to-Die and Within-Die Variations in Submicrometer CMOS SRAM Cells

Submicrometer static random access memory cells are more susceptible to particle strike soft errors and increased statistical process variations, in advanced nanometer CMOS technologies. In this paper, analytical models for the critical charge variations accounting for both die-to-die and within-die variations are proposed. The derived models are verified and compared to Monte Carlo simulations by using industrial 65-nm CMOS technology. This paper provides new design insights such as the impact of the coupling capacitor, one of the most common soft error mitigation techniques, on the critical charge variability, especially, at lower supply voltages. It demonstrates that two extreme values of this coupling capacitor exist. The first value results in maximum relative variations and the other results in minimum relative variations. Therefore, the circuit designers can utilize these results to design the coupling capacitor to limit the variations under power and performance constraints in early design cycles. The derived analytical models account for the impact of the supply voltage and different particle strike conditions. These results are particularly important for soft error tolerant and variation tolerant designs in submicrometer technologies, especially, for low power operations.
Review of photodynamic therapy in actinic keratosis and basal cell carcinoma

The number of non-melanoma skin cancers is increasing worldwide, and so also the demand for effective treatment modalities. Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) using aminolaevulinic acid or its methyl ester has recently become good treatment options for actinic keratosis and basal cell carcinoma; especielly when treating large areas and areas with field cancerization. The cure rates are usually good, and the cosmetic outcomes excellent. The only major side effect reported is the pain experienced by the patients during treatment. This review covers the fundamental aspects of topical PDT and its application for treatment of actinic keratosis and basal cell carcinoma. Both potentials and limitations will be reviewed, as well as some recent development within the field.
Locality-Preserving Dynamic Load Balancing for Data-Parallel Applications on Distributed-Memory Multiprocessors

Load balancing and data locality are the two most important factors affecting the performance of parallel programs running on distributed-memory multiprocessors. A good balancing scheme should evenly distribute the workload among the available proc- essors, and locate the tasks close to their data to reduce communication and idle time. In this paper, we study the load balancing problem of data-parallel loops with predictable neighborhood data references. The loops are characterized by variable and unpredict- able execution time due to dynamic external workload. Nevertheless the data refer- enced by each loop iteration exploits spatial locality of stencil references. We combine an initial static BLOCK scheduling and a dynamic scheduling based on work stealing. Data locality is preserved by careful restrictions on the tasks that can be migrated. Ex- perimental results on a network of workstations are reported.
Evaluating and Improving Recursive Descent Parsers

Time formulas are symbolic formulas which express the execution time of a program as a function of its input data and of variables representing the time to execute individual operations (e.g., push, pop, transfer, etc.). It is shown that in many cases the time formulas for recursive descent parsers may be generated automatically by a simple inspection of the parser code. These time formulas are instrumental in estimating the gains attained by various types of optimizations. Several of these optimizations are presented and their efficiency gains are estimated. A parser for a simple programming language is generated, optimized, and evaluated using the proposed techniques.
Gardner the Unfolded Protein Response Unfolded Proteins Are Ire 1-Activating Ligands That Directly Induce

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Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Girl with a De Novo X;19 Balanced Translocation

Balanced X-autosome translocations are rare, and female carriers are a clinically heterogeneous group of patients, with phenotypically normal women, history of recurrent miscarriage, gonadal dysfunction, X-linked disorders or congenital abnormalities, and/or developmental delay. We investigated a patient with a de novo X;19 translocation. The six-year-old girl has been evaluated due to hyperactivity, social interaction impairment, stereotypic and repetitive use of language with echolalia, failure to follow parents/caretakers orders, inconsolable outbursts, and persistent preoccupation with parts of objects. The girl has normal cognitive function. Her measurements are within normal range, and no other abnormalities were found during physical, neurological, or dysmorphological examinations. Conventional cytogenetic analysis showed a de novo balanced translocation, with the karyotype 46,X,t(X;19)(p21.2;q13.4). Replication banding showed a clear preference for inactivation of the normal X chromosome. The translocation was confirmed by FISH and Spectral Karyotyping (SKY). Although abnormal phenotypes associated with de novo balanced chromosomal rearrangements may be the result of disruption of a gene at one of the breakpoints, submicroscopic deletion or duplication, or a position effect, X; autosomal translocations are associated with additional unique risk factors including X-linked disorders, functional autosomal monosomy, or functional X chromosome disomy resulting from the complex X-inactivation process.
Cannabidiol for neurodegenerative disorders: important new clinical applications for this phytocannabinoid?

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid with therapeutic properties for numerous disorders exerted through molecular mechanisms that are yet to be completely identified. CBD acts in some experimental models as an anti‐inflammatory, anticonvulsant, anti‐oxidant, anti‐emetic, anxiolytic and antipsychotic agent, and is therefore a potential medicine for the treatment of neuroinflammation, epilepsy, oxidative injury, vomiting and nausea, anxiety and schizophrenia, respectively. The neuroprotective potential of CBD, based on the combination of its anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidant properties, is of particular interest and is presently under intense preclinical research in numerous neurodegenerative disorders. In fact, CBD combined with Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol is already under clinical evaluation in patients with Huntington's disease to determine its potential as a disease‐modifying therapy. The neuroprotective properties of CBD do not appear to be exerted by the activation of key targets within the endocannabinoid system for plant‐derived cannabinoids like Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol, i.e. CB1 and CB2 receptors, as CBD has negligible activity at these cannabinoid receptors, although certain activity at the CB2 receptor has been documented in specific pathological conditions (i.e. damage of immature brain). Within the endocannabinoid system, CBD has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the inactivation of endocannabinoids (i.e. inhibition of FAAH enzyme), thereby enhancing the action of these endogenous molecules on cannabinoid receptors, which is also noted in certain pathological conditions. CBD acts not only through the endocannabinoid system, but also causes direct or indirect activation of metabotropic receptors for serotonin or adenosine, and can target nuclear receptors of the PPAR family and also ion channels.
Survey of model and techniques for online social networks

The emergence of social network application and rapid development, makes the human use of the Internet has a great way to change. An in-depth understanding of the online social networks is necessary to insight into questions of human social behavior, study the structure of online social network, to design future online social network, and to understand the impact of online social networks on the Internet. In this paper, we present a brief review of the related work on social networks. Social network research mainly includes three aspects: the structure characteristics of the social network, user group and its behavior, and information dissemination and influence analysis in social network.
Force generation by groups of migrating bacteria

Significance Bacterial migration, aggregation, and even host infection depend on the generation of mechanical force. Despite their biomedical importance, forces between bacteria and surfaces have not yet been measured during migration. We present a first study of bacterial cell–substrate traction using Myxococcus xanthus as a model organism. M. xanthus exhibits two common mechanisms of motility, namely, twitching and gliding. We find that these mechanisms lead to distinct patterns of traction during motion as an individual or in groups. Twitching leads to local, uncoordinated traction, and gliding in groups allows for collective emergence of directional traction. The forces produced by twitching or gliding of individual cells are significantly amplified when cells move in groups. From colony formation in bacteria to wound healing and embryonic development in multicellular organisms, groups of living cells must often move collectively. Although considerable study has probed the biophysical mechanisms of how eukaryotic cells generate forces during migration, little such study has been devoted to bacteria, in particular with regard to the question of how bacteria generate and coordinate forces during collective motion. This question is addressed here using traction force microscopy. We study two distinct motility mechanisms of Myxococcus xanthus, namely, twitching and gliding. For twitching, powered by type-IV pilus retraction, we find that individual cells exert local traction in small hotspots with forces on the order of 50 pN. Twitching bacterial groups also produce traction hotspots, but with forces around 100 pN that fluctuate rapidly on timescales of <1.5 min. Gliding, the second motility mechanism, is driven by lateral transport of substrate adhesions. When cells are isolated, gliding produces low average traction on the order of 1 Pa. However, traction is amplified approximately fivefold in groups. Advancing protrusions of gliding cells push, on average, in the direction of motion. Together, these results show that the forces generated during twitching and gliding have complementary characters, and both forces have higher values when cells are in groups.
Placental Failure in Mice Lacking the Mammalian Homolog of Glial Cells Missing, GCMa

ABSTRACT The GCM family of transcription factors consists ofDrosophila melanogaster GCM, an important regulator of gliogenesis in the fly, and its two mammalian homologs, GCMa and GCMb. To clarify the function of these mammalian homologs, we deleted GCMa in mice. Genetic ablation of murine GCMa (mGCMa) is embryonic lethal, with mice dying between 9.5 and 10 days postcoitum. At the time of death, no abnormalities were apparent in the embryo proper. Nervous system development, in particular, was not impaired, as might have been expected in analogy to Drosophila GCM. Instead, placental failure was the cause of death. In agreement with the selective expression of mGCMa in labyrinthine trophoblasts, mutant placentas did not develop a functional labyrinth layer, which is necessary for nutrient and gas exchange between maternal and fetal blood. Only a few fetal blood vessels entered the placenta, and these failed to thrive and branch normally. Labyrinthine trophoblasts did not differentiate. All other layers of the placenta, including spongiotrophoblast and giant cell layer, formed normally. Our results indicate that mGCMa plays a critical role in trophoblast differentiation and the signal transduction processes required for normal vascularization of the placenta.
Effects of Combination Treatment of Alpha 1-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists on Voiding Dysfunction: Study on Target Organs in Overactive Bladder Rats

Purpose Overactive bladder (OAB) causes urinary urgency, usually accompanied by frequency and nocturia. Alpha 1-adrenergic receptor (α1-AR) antagonists are known to improve lower urinary tract symptoms associated with OAB. The α1-AR antagonists constitute a variety of drugs according to the receptor subtype affinity. This study investigated the efficacy of tamsulosin, naftopidil, and a combination of the two on OAB rats. Methods The OAB rat model was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide for 14 days. The experimental groups were divided into 5 groups: control group, OAB-induction group, OAB-induction and tamsulosin monotherapy group, OAB-induction and naftopidil monotherapy group, and OAB-induction and tamsulosin-naftopidil combination therapy group. For the drug-treated groups, each drug was administrated for 14 days after the OAB induction. Cystometry for urodynamic evaluation and immunohistochemical stain for c-Fos and nerve growth factor (NGF) expressions in the central micturition centers were performed. Results Increased contraction pressure and time with enhanced c-Fos and NGF expressions in the central micturition centers were found in the OAB rats. Tamsulosin suppressed contraction pressure and time while inhibiting c-Fos and NGF expressions. Naftopidil showed no significant effect and combination therapy showed less of an effect on contraction pressure and time. Naftopidil and combination therapy exerted no significant effect on the c-Fos and NGF expressions. Conclusions Tamsulosin showed the most prominent efficacy for the treatment of OAB compared to the naftopidil and combination. The combination of tamsulosin with naftopidil showed no synergistic effects on OAB; however, further studies of addon therapy might provide opportunities to find a new modality.
Debugging Remote Services Developed on the Cloud

Cloud based development platforms are getting more widely used as the cloud services become more available and the performance of such platforms increase. One of the key issues in providing a cloud based development platform is to enable the developers to debug their code just as efficiently and effectively as they would perform in a desktop IDE development session. However, especially if the development of a remote service is being carried out, the debugging client and the server running the actual code is separated, disclosing many problems which are not present in a usual debugging session. This paper proposes a record/replay approach to deal with the problems of remote debugging. To keep the communication overhead of the proposed approach as small as possible,the debugger saves the variable values only for external data access such as getting the data from a database query or a web service call. The proposed approach is integrated to a real world cloud based development platform and the run-time overhead is measured on real world case studies to demonstrate the usefulness of the approach.