Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the tubulin folding pathway: new roles in centrosomes and cilia

Abstract Centrosomes and cilia are critical eukaryotic organelles which have been in the spotlight in recent years given their implication in a myriad of cellular and developmental processes. Despite their recognized importance and intense study, there are still many open questions about their biogenesis and function. In the present article, we review the existing data concerning members of the tubulin folding pathway and related proteins, which have been identified at centrosomes and cilia and were shown to have unexpected roles in these structures.
Sistem jaringan governans untuk Langkawi Geopark: pengkisahan konseptual

In June 2007, Langkawi was accorded a ‘geopark’ status by UNESCO Global Geopark Networks. This status recognises that Langkawi has valuable natural resources such as geological, ecological, cultural and archaeological, that are of high heritage and conservation value, and which could contribute to sustainable economic development through geo-tourism. Since 2007, the management of Langkawi as a geopark involves elements such as work relationships, management structure, functions, “actors” (government and non-government agencies) and various activities for geopark development. These elements are similar to elements found in the governance of any organisation, area or project, geared towards sustainable development and heritage conservation. This article proposes that the management and administration of Langkawi would be better conceptualised and understood as ‘governance,’ namely governance network system. This article also briefly sets out the governance network elements that can strengthen the existing governance system based on the geopark concept. It also aims to provide a holistic conceptual and theoretical understanding of the current governance network system, and concepts related to governance effectiveness. The understanding is developed from a combination of some findings from an on-going research on the governance system of Langkawi Geopark, some conventional and basic governance ideas and sociological ideas about social networks. Through such understanding, this article hopes to identify existing governance problems and put forward proposals to resolve key issues and strengthen existing systems that will enable Langkawi to be governed more efficiently and effectively as a geopark.
Draft Whole-Genome Sequence of OXA-48-Producing Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae KP_ST11_OXA-48

ABSTRACT We present the draft genome sequence of a blood culture isolate of OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (sequence type 11 [ST11]) obtained in the course of a hospital outbreak in Spain. Sequence analysis showed 121 genes related to antibiotic and antiseptic resistance, including blaOXA-48, which was located in an IncL/M plasmid.
The Decision to Export in Colombia: An Empirical Model of Entry with Sunk Costs

Recent theoretical models of entry predict that, in the presence of sunk costs, current market participation is affected by prior experience. This paper quantifies the effect of prior exporting experience on the decisions of Colombian manufacturing plants to participate in foreign markets. It develops a dynamic discrete-choice model of exporting behavior that separates the roles of profit heterogeneity and sunk entry costs in explaining plants' exporting status. Sunk costs are found to be significant and prior export experience is shown to increase the probability of exporting by as much as sixty percentage points. Copyright 1997 by American Economic Association.
Full RDO-Support Power-Aware CABAC Encoder With Efficient Context Access

In this paper, we propose a full-hardware context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coder (CABAC) encoder, which is the entropy coding tool adopted in the main and higher profiles of the video coding standard H.264/AVC. All CABAC coding features are implemented in hardware (HW), and different coding modes including rate-distortion optimization (RDO) are fully supported. An efficient memory access scheme is also proposed to reduce context RAM access frequency, context RAM size, and operation delay for RDO context state backup and restoration. Constant throughput of 1 bin per cycle is achieved in different coding configurations. The CABAC encoder is physically implemented in 0.13 mum process, and its post-layout simulation can be run at 328 MHz. The chip takes up 1.41 mm2, and dissipates 0.79 mW to support 720p60 HDTV real-time encoding in RDO-off mode. Compared to the state-of-the-art reference design, the most significant advantage of this design is that a full HW implementation of CABAC encoder is proposed, which minimizes the computation on the host processor and data transfer on the system bus. Power consumption is minimal compared to reference designs using the same technology.
The economic return to college attendance for major league baseball players

Using recently collected Major League Baseball free agent data, this study identifies a contract value premium for nonpitchers who attended college. Simultaneous equations and the more traditional earnings regressions are used to report results which support the implications of the human capital model and the schooling-earnings theory. The results also suggest that the labour market for baseball players may not be purely talent driven and that choosing college may slow down a player's accession to the majors.
Clinical Significance of Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Vascular Hyperintensities in Transient Ischemic Attack

Background and Purpose— Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery vascular hyperintensity (FVH) is often identified in patients with acute ischemic stroke. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical significance of FVH in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods— Consecutive inpatients with TIA who underwent MRI within 24 hours of symptom onset were studied. The frequency, relative factors, and time course of FVH were determined. Results— Of the 202 patients who were enrolled (76 women, mean age, 69.0±13.2 years), FVH was identified in 41 patients (20%). Multivariate analysis showed that atrial fibrillation (odds ratio, 7.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.69–18.1), arterial occlusive lesion (odds ratio, 4.89; 95% CI, 3.03–12.2), and hemiparesis (odds ratio, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.17–7.48) was independently associated with FVH. Of 23 recurrence-free patients with FVH positive undergoing follow-up MRI at a median of 7 days after the onset, FVH was no longer positive in 15 patients (65%). Atrial fibrillation was more common (P=0.027) and arterial occlusive lesion was less common (P<0.001) in patients with transient FVH compared with those with persistent FVH. Within 90 days after the onset, 13 patients developed recurrent TIA or ischemic stroke. After Cox proportional hazard analysis, FVH (hazard ratio, 3.65; 95% CI, 1.09–12.7), arterial occlusive lesion (hazard ratio, 4.15; 95% CI, 1.18–17.1), and coexistence of FVH and arterial occlusive lesion (hazard ratio, 13.9; 95% CI, 3.36–71.0) were significantly associated with recurrent TIA or ischemic stroke. Conclusions— The presence of FVH early after symptom onset may help to diagnosis TIA, to identify the potential mechanisms of TIA and to predict recurrence risk after a TIA.
Integrated Managerial Training: A Program for Strategic Management Development

The notion of strategic training is premised upon the idea that organized developmental activities must be directly linked to the mission or the core business of the organization. This article presents a case study of a managerial training program implemented in a large nonprofit organization. The training program encouraged dialogue among managers of different hierarchical levels with different areas of expertise, to help improve the processes of vertical and horizontal integration required for effective performance. The program enabled participants to link their local decisions and daily operations to the broader organizational mission, consequently improving organizational effectiveness and learning. This paper suggests that human resource managers and trainers can enhance the effectiveness of managerial training programs by making a conscious effort to provide opportunities for horizontal and vertical integration within the training experience, independent of the content areas addressed in the program. Some of the consequences of implementing this approach include a more open and expanded communications process, the generation of professional attachments, bonding between members of the managerial team, and better coordination of services among participants from the various hierarchical levels and functional areas.
Effects of Nutrition Facts Panel Values, Nutrition Claims, and Health Claims on Consumer Attitudes, Perceptions of Disease-Related Risks, and Trust

In a between-subjects experiment, the authors examine how differences in Nutrition Facts information on fat and fiber, coupled with differing claims for these nutrients (including multiple nutrient claims and a health claim), influence consumers’ product evaluations, perceptions and awareness of disease risk, and trust of the claims and Nutrition Facts information. Results show that the Nutrition Facts information regarding fat affects consumers’ evaluations and perceptions of disease risk but that information on fiber does not. Claims do not affect product evaluations or purchase intentions, and there is a weak effect of inclusion of a health claim on disease risk perceptions. Consumers are less likely to recognize incongruencies in claim and Nutrition Facts information about fiber than fat. Incongruencies regarding the level of fat in the product result in lower trust in the claim information but do not affect trust in the Nutrition Facts data. The authors discuss implications for consumer welfare and public policy.
The Implications on Economic Performance in Europe of Further Liberalization of the Transatlantic Air Market

The European Union Commission's involvement in moving toward greater transatlantic aviation market liberalization in late 2006 in a recent provisional agreement represents a continuation in sector regulatory reforms. Looking at change implications to-date has received considerable effort, but has tended to focus on United States and European regulatory reform impacts with longer-haul markets receiving less attention. Also, the implications of various forms of air transport sector 'deregulation' have been studied, rather than on the involved national and regional economies' wider economic benefits. The authors examine, in a wider economic context, the opening up of the transatlantic market's potential effects.
Five-year all-cause mortality rates across five categories of substantiated elder abuse occurring in the community

ABSTRACT Elder abuse increases the likelihood of early mortality, but little is known regarding which types of abuse may be resulting in the greatest mortality risk. This study included N = 1,670 cases of substantiated elder abuse and estimated the 5-year all-cause mortality for five types of elder abuse (caregiver neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse, financial exploitation, and polyvictimization). Statistically significant differences in 5-year mortality risks were found between abuse types and across gender. Caregiver neglect and financial exploitation had the lowest survival rates, underscoring the value of considering the long-term consequences associated with different forms of abuse. Likewise, mortality differences between genders and abuse types indicate the need to consider this interaction in elder abuse case investigations and responses. Further mortality studies are needed in this population to better understand these patterns and implications for public health and clinical management of community-dwelling elder abuse victims.
Consider your campus housing policy on emotional support animals in light of legal claims

In 2011, the Justice Department sued the University of Nebraska at Kearney and several of its officials under the Fair Housing Act. DOJ alleged two basic claims — the defendants unlawfully denied requests by two students to permit emotional support animals in campus housing as accommodations for depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, and the institution had a pattern and practice of disability discrimination against students seeking to live with emotional support animals as accommodations for psychiatric disabilities.
G1/S Transcription Factor Orthologues Swi4p and Swi6p Are Important but Not Essential for Cell Proliferation and Influence Hyphal Development in the Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans

ABSTRACT The G1/S transition is a critical control point for cell proliferation and involves essential transcription complexes termed SBF and MBF in Saccharomyces cerevisiae or MBF in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In the fungal pathogen Candida albicans, G1/S regulation is not clear. To gain more insight into the G1/S circuitry, we characterized Swi6p, Swi4p and Mbp1p, the closest orthologues of SBF (Swi6p and Swi4p) and MBF (Swi6p and Mbp1p) components in S. cerevisiae. The mbp1Δ/Δ cells showed minor growth defects, whereas swi4Δ/Δ and swi6Δ/Δ yeast cells dramatically increased in size, suggesting a G1 phase delay. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of transcription profiles revealed that genes associated with G1/S phase were significantly enriched in cells lacking Swi4p and Swi6p. These expression patterns suggested that Swi4p and Swi6p have repressing as well as activating activity. Intriguingly, swi4Δ/Δ swi6Δ/Δ and swi4Δ/Δ mbp1Δ/Δ strains were viable, in contrast to the situation in S. cerevisiae, and showed pleiotropic phenotypes that included multibudded yeast, pseudohyphae, and intriguingly, true hyphae. Consistently, GSEA identified strong enrichment of genes that are normally modulated during C. albicans-host cell interactions. Since Swi4p and Swi6p influence G1 phase progression and SBF binding sites are lacking in the C. albicans genome, these factors may contribute to MBF activity. Overall, the data suggest that the putative G1/S regulatory machinery of C. albicans contains novel features and underscore the existence of a relationship between G1 phase and morphogenetic switching, including hyphal development, in the pathogen.
Mismatch: A Framework for Thought

The rise in European unemployment is often blamed on increased mismatch between labour supply and demand- either by age, skill or region. To investigate this, we first develop models to explain differences in unemployment rates - both where labour supply is given and where it responds through labour mobility. Evidence supporting the model is presented using regional data for Britain and the US. We then ask how the intersectoral dispersion in unemployment rates is related to the overall average unemployment rate. We conclude from our model that average unemployment increases with the variance of relative unemployment rates across groups. Since this variance is substantial, it explains a good part of total unemployment. But, since the variance has not risen for skill groups or regions, it cannot explain the overall rise in European unemployment. We then turn to policy. If labour supply is given, there is a strong case for taxes and subsidies to redirect demand to high unemployment groups. But if there is a perfect labour mobility (infinitely elastic supply across groups), then even with job rationing there is no efficiency case for intervention except where there are externalities. With partial labour mobility the conclusion lies in between. Given the positive externalities of training and possible congestion externalities of migration, there may be a case for subsidies to training and to unemployment in high-unemployment areas.
GAAP Convergence or Convergence Gap: Unfolding Ten Years of Accounting Change

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to add to the literature on accounting change in explaining a decade-long effort by the FASB and IASB to develop a set of global accounting standards accepted by markets worldwide. This research studies the effort as one of “convergence” in accounting standards and aims to bring theoretical and empirical clarity as to how we can conceptualize the notion of convergence. Design/methodology/approach - – Through a longitudinal study of 23 key FASB-IASB projects undertaken between 2002 and 2011, this paper analyzes processes of accounting change using a blend of institutional theory and political economy. A process perspective provides a method to unfold variants of accounting change by identifying patterns that help us to understand the conditions for and characteristics of convergence. Findings - – The author highlights specific variants of accounting change observed during the convergence effort – direct emulation, difference reduction and progressive redesign – as analogous to institutional processes. Where direct emulation and difference reduction reflect institutional processes of imitation and editing or translation, respectively, the author shows how progressive redesign of accounting standards goes beyond these classical categorizations to encompass the notion of “institutional co-construction” (Djelic, 2008). Research limitations/implications - – A longer (shorter) period of study and a greater (lesser) number of projects could be argued for a more comprehensive (more detailed) study; however, limiting the period and project to the terms of the formal convergence program allows for forces driving this particular process to be isolated and their effects extrapolated to broader thinking on accounting and global regulation. Originality/value - – This research informs the global standard-setting community of the evolution of convergence and the factors which impact that evolution by revealing the influence of various institutions, actors and events over time. In particular, the author identifies the impact of the competitive and cooperative conditions under which the FASB-IASB convergence effort operated and reveal how these conditions were influenced by the macro-level economic and political developments occurring over the period.
Self‐assessment and the tax audit lottery: the Australian experience

Suggests that, as the UK moves to a system of self‐assessment for determining income tax liability, it is instructive to look at the experience of Australia, where such a system has operated for the last ten years. Reports that the Australian experience identifies significant changes in the operations of accountants, the ethical pressures to which they are subject and the rise of the “tax agent” as a specialized tax practitioner, all of which we might anticipate to be mirrored in the UK.
Effects of Budget Deficits on the Current Account Balance in Nigeria: A Simulation Exercise

This paper examines the effect of budget deficit on the current account balance in Nigeria, covering the period from 1973 to 1993. This is motivated by the fact that the magnitude of government has increased with amazing rapidity since the early 1 980s. Simultaneously, the current account balance recorded deficits, to the extent that there is a high correspondence between these variables. A macroeconometric model that captures the salient interrelationships between government budgetary developments, credit creation and the current account balance is constructed. Quantitative evidence suggests that budget policy affects the current account balance in Nigeria. In particular, simulation experiments show that budget deficit, engendered by increased expenditure, leads to a deterioration of the current account, whether it is financed through bank credit or external borrowing. It is argued that budget discipline is necessary for the achievement of external balance in Nigeria.
Intelligent space

Artificial intelligence (AI), neural networks (NN) and fuzzy systems (FS) have been studied in parallel and have had a measures of success in many areas in the past few decades. AI, NN and FS have one thing in common, they all attempt to make the computer duplicates the behaviors of human's intelligence, i.e., their goal is to produce intelligent machines. However, with different methodologies, the three techniques are performing with advantages and limitations respectively. The main idea of the intelligent engineering (IE) is to combine all of the techniques together to share the advantages and avoid the limitations in solving engineering problems. The concept of IE and other definitions have been defined and studied in the author's previous papers (1995, 1997). In this paper, an intelligent space is defined and the theoretical approaches of IE are studied in the intelligent space. The effectiveness of IE is proved in this paper.
Clinical aspects of pleural fluid pH October 2009

Pleural fluid pH is of greatest value for the assessment of patients whose pleural effusion is due to respiratory infection (pneumonia), but that is not the limit of the test’s utility. In addition to the clinical value of measuring pleural fluid pH, the article includes consideration of measuring method and sample collection; it begins, however, with a brief discussion of some relevant anatomy and physiology.
Bilateral Progressive Visual Loss in an Epileptic, Mentally Retarded Boy

Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited, monosymptomatic disorder, characterized by severe central vision loss and optic atrophy that most frequently affects young men. The classic LHON phenotype is associated to three mitochondrial DNA mutations, mostly homoplasmic, in the Mt-ND4, Mt-ND6, and Mt-ND1 genes, encoding for complex I subunits of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Rare cases have been described in the literature in association with variable central nervous system involvement in a syndromic form called LHON ‘plus. ’ In the present study, we report the case of a 16-year-old boy with the 3460/ND1 mutation who presented with epilepsy, migraine, and mental retardation as non-ophthalmic features. We also investigated his relatives who all had the 3460/ND1 mutation.
Molecular Ecology of Tetracycline Resistance: Development and Validation of Primers for Detection of Tetracycline Resistance Genes Encoding Ribosomal Protection Proteins

ABSTRACT Phylogenetic analysis of tetracycline resistance genes encoding the ribosomal protection proteins (RPPs) revealed the monophyletic origin of these genes. The most deeply branching class, exemplified bytet and otrA, consisted of genes from the antibiotic-producing organisms Streptomyces rimosus andStreptomyces lividans. With a high degree of confidence, the corresponding genes of the other seven classes (Tet M, Tet S, Tet O, Tet W, Tet Q, Tet T, and TetB P) formed phylogenetically distinct separate clusters. Based on this phylogenetic analysis, a set of PCR primers for detection, retrieval, and sequence analysis of the corresponding gene fragments from a variety of bacterial and environmental sources was developed and characterized. A pair of degenerate primers targeted all tetracycline resistance genes encoding RPPs except otrA and tet, and seven other primer pairs were designed to target the specific classes. The primers were used to detect the circulation of these genes in the rumina of cows, in swine feed and feces, and in swine fecal streptococci. Classes Tet O and Tet W were found in the intestinal contents of both animals, while Tet M was confined to pigs and Tet Q was confined to the rumen. The tet(O) and tet(W) genes circulating in the microbiota of the rumen and the gastrointestinal tract of pigs were identical despite the differences in animal hosts and antibiotic use regimens. Swine fecal streptococci uniformly possessed thetet(O) gene, and 22% of them also carriedtet(M). This population could be considered one of the main reservoirs of these two resistance genes in the pig gastrointestinal tract. All classes of RPPs except Tet T and TetB P were found in the commercial components of swine feed. This is the first demonstration of the applicability of molecular ecology techniques to estimation of the gene pool and the flux of antibiotic resistance genes in production animals.