Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Smart Interactive and Collaborative Online Coding Platform for Programming Education using Machine Learning and Web Socket

Amidst the swift digital evolution of the 21st century, the incorporation of computer science education across industries has become imperative [13]. This paper addresses the challenges of real-time collaboration and accessibility in programming education, introducing a collaborative coding platform. The platform empowers educators, students, and programmers to seamlessly engage in coding projects while efficiently managing progress and fostering interactive learning. By harnessing cloud databases and real-time editors, the platform provides a unified workspace for collaborative endeavors, communication, and project sharing [14]. Challenges associated with real-time collaboration across devices and compatibility were adeptly handled through Fire pad integration and platform-specific optimizations. Through empirical assessment involving students and educators, the platform's efficacy, user satisfaction, and transformative potential were gauged. The findings underscored heightened collaboration efficiency and user contentment with real-time capabilities, while also highlighting the importance of refining accessibility [15]. Ultimately, this platform presents a holistic solution to elevate programming education and collaboration, rendering it an invaluable asset across diverse scenarios.
Double-Difference relocation and focal mechanisms of Lucanian Apennine (southern Italy) seismicity.

EV: 020713 0557 Z= 19.61 km Fig.6: Composite focal mechanisms computed for three clusters located in the Irpinia area (see Fig.5b, d). Introduction The Lucanian Apennine belongs to the southern Apenninic chain which is located within the complex, articulated central Mediterranean plate boundary zone between the Eurasian and African plates. The geodynamic setting of this region is characterized by the NNW-SSE relative plate convergence between Eurasia and Africa. The tectonics of the Lucanian Apennine is accommodated by the collision between the Adria microplate and the Apenninic belt. Recent geodetic data suggest that the Adria is a microplate separated from the Eurasian and African plates, while its southern border is ambiguously defined. The eastward migration of the extension-compression system of the Apenninic chain is related to the subduction process of the Adria microplate lithosphere and the opening of the Tyrrhenian back arc basin. Since the Early Pleistocene, the active extension within the chain produced a broad and complex system of NW-trending normal faults and related basins. Seismological data and recent geodetic studies reveal that the Apenninic chain is undergoing a NE-trending extension, with seismic deformation rates higher in the southern portion. The southern Apenninic chain is one of the main seismically active regions of Italy (Fig.1). In the last four centuries, this area was characterized by moderate to strong events. Among the strongest earthquakes supported by historical records, the 1694 events (Me = 6.9) hit the Irpinia area and the 1857 Basilicata earthquake (Me = 6.9) hit the upper Val d’Agri and Vallo di Diano area, both with effects of the XI degree on the Mercalli–Cancani–Sieberg (MCS) scale. The least strong earthquake in this region hit the Irpinia area in 1980 (Ms = 6.9) with effects of the X degree MCS and normal mechanism of rupture. Depth Magnitude
International of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Explorative Relational Analysis of Big Data with Cloud Computing New Research Direction

— In the present scenario the cessation users are more concern about how to organize their data, how to label different kinds of it (structured, unstructured, semi-structured, internal and external), which technologies one uses to store it and retrieve. Sizably voluminous Data is a broader concept then just data that transpire to be sizably voluminous. Massive magnification in the scale of data or sizably voluminous data engendered through cloud computing has been observed. Addressing astronomically immense data is a challenging and time- authoritatively mandating task that requires an astronomically immense computational infrastructure to ascertain prosperous data processing and analysis. The elevate of immensely colossal data in cloud computing is reviewed in this study. The definition, characteristics, and relegation of sizably voluminous data along with some discussions on cloud computing are introduced. The relationship between immensely colossal data and cloud computing, astronomically immense data storage systems, and Hadoop technology are additionally discussed. Furthermore, research challenges are investigated, with fixate on scalability, availability, data integrity, data transformation, data quality, data heterogeneity, privacy, licit and regulatory issues, and governance. Lastly, open research issues that require substantial research efforts are summarized. On the other hand, many cloud applications, i.e. distributed systems, have an abundance of expeditious data to track, typically as transforming immutable event streams and pre-aggregating them into OLAP stores for later query. Anyhow, cloud applications need to scale in their database back end as well, and that is where NewSql, BigSql, NoSql and Expeditious Data (a variation of Sizably Voluminous Data) are in play. This paper fixates on such an immensely colossal intersection between cloud applications and sizably voluminous data. As a conclusion, Astronomically immense Data represents content and Cloud Computing is infrastructure.
Mental travel in the social domain

“Mental travel” is the ability to imagine oneself in different places and times and to adopt other people’s point of view (POV), also termed “Theory of Mind (ToM)”. While ToM has been extensively investigated, self-projection with respect to ones’ own and others’ social networks has yet to be systematically studied. Here we asked participants to “project” themselves to four different POVs: a significant other, a non-significant other, a famous-person, and their own-self. From each POV they were asked to rate the level of affiliation (closeness) to different individuals in the respective social network while undergoing functional MRI. Participants were always faster making judgments from their own POV compared to other POVs (self-projection effect) and for people who were personally closer to their adopted POV (self-reference effect). Brain activity at the medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex in the self POV condition was found to be higher compared to all other conditions. Activity at the right temporoparietal junction and medial parietal cortex was found to distinguish between the personally related (self, significant- and non-significant others) and unrelated (famous-person) individuals within the social network. Regardless of the POV, the precuneus, anterior cingulate cortex, prefrontal cortex, and temporoparietal junction distinguished between relatively closer and distant people. Representational similarity analysis (RSA) implicated the left retrosplenial cortex as crucial for social distance processing across all POVs.
Can low rates of imazapyr or glyphosate improve graminicide activity on torpedograss?

Invasive grass control remains one of the greatest challenges in aquatic plant management. High rates of glyphosate or imazapyr are commonly used but lack the selectivity desired by many aquatic managers. Recent progress with graminicides has demonstrated marked efﬁcacy on torpedograss and excellent selectivity for many nontarget aquatic plants. However, torpedograss control has yet to be maximized with any graminicides, and regrowth can be considerable. To this end, tank mixes of reduced rates of glyphosate or imazapyr could be useful to both increase efﬁcacy and maintain selectivity. Unfortunately, graminicides also have a long history of antagonism with several other classes of herbicides including acetolac-tate synthase inhibitors. The potential interactions between graminicides and glyphosate and imazapyr are unknown in aquatic settings. To address these issues, greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of sethoxydim applied at 0.53 kg ha (cid:2) 1 and ﬂuazifop-p-butyl applied at 0.42 kg ha (cid:2) 1 when tank mixed with glyphosate (applied at 0.84 or 1.68 kg ae ha (cid:2) 1 ) or imazapyr (applied at 0.07 or 0.14 kg ai ha (cid:2) 1 ). At 60 d after treatment, we found no beneﬁt to tank mixing glyphosate or imazapyr with either graminicide because biomass reductions were not improved compared to the graminicides alone. No antagonism was found between the graminicides and imazapyr, and limited antagonism was found between glyphosate and both graminicides. This antagonism was observed as a reduced impact of the tank mix on belowground biomass when compared to the expected reduction of the tank mix. Overall, these studies indicate that reduced rates of the two most commonly used herbicides for aquatic invasive grass control do not improve graminicide activity on torpedo-grass.
PM speciation and sources in Mexico during the MILAGRO-2006 Campaign

X. Querol, J. Pey, M. C. Minguillón, N. Pérez, A. Alastuey, M. Viana, T. Moreno, R. M. Bernabé, S. Blanco, B. Cárdenas, E. Vega, G. Sosa, S. Escalona, H. Ruiz, and B. Artı́ñano Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra “Jaume Almera”, CSIC. C/ Lluı́s Solé i Sabaŕıs s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain Centro Nacional de Investigación y Capacitación Ambiental, CENICA. Periférico 5000, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, C.P. 04530, Delegación Coyoacán, México D.F. , Mexico Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152, Col. San Bartolo Atepehuacan. Delegación Gustavo A. Madero. 07730, México, D.F, Mexico CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 22, 28040 Madrid, Spain Received: 5 July 2007 – Accepted: 18 July 2007 – Published: 23 July 2007 Correspondence to: X. Querol (xavier.querol@ija.csic.es)
Randomization Yields Simple O(n Log ? N) Algorithms for Difficult (n) Problems

We use here the results on the innuence graph 1 to adapt them for particular cases where additional information is available. In some cases, it is possible to improve the expected randomized complexity of algorithms from O(n log n) to O(n log ? n). This technique applies in the following applications : triangulation of a simple polygon , skeleton of a simple polygon, Delaunay triangulation of points knowing the EMST (euclidean minimum spanning tree).
Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews for Questions of Therapy and
 Prevention Published in the Urological Literature (2016–2021) Fails to Improve

ObjectivesPrior studies have suggested that few systematic reviews (SRs) published in the urological literature provide reliable evidence. We performed this study to provide a longitudinal analysis of the methodological quality of SRs published in 5 major urology journals over a 6-year period (2016–2021). MethodsAs an extension of a prior study with a written a priori protocol, we systematically searched and analyzed all SRs related to questions of therapy or prevention published in the 5 major urology journals. Three independent reviewers working in pairs selected eligible studies and abstracted the data in duplicate. We used the updated Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2) instrument to assess SR quality. We performed pre-planned statistical hypothesis testing by time period and journal of publication in SPSS Version 27.0. ResultsOur updated search (2019–2021) identified 563 references of which 114 ultimately met inclusion criteria, which we added to the database of the prior 144 studies (2016–2018). Overall, among 258 SRs, only 6 (2.3%) and 9 SRs (3.5%), achieved a “high” (no critical weakness; up to one non-critical weakness) or “moderate” (no critical weakness; more than one non-critical weakness) confidence rating, respectively. Most SRs published had very low confidence rating (195; 75.6%). The proportion of studies with a high or moderate rating (6.1% versus 4.9%; P = 0.481) did not increase over time.ConclusionsMost SRs published in the urological literature continue to have serious methodological limitations and should not be relied upon. There is a critical need for greater awareness for established methodological standards.
Characterization of the microbiomes from Salton Sea Trough mud volcanoes, seeps, and enrichment cultures: predominance of H2-autotrophy, H2-producing organotrophy, acetate cycling, and sulfur reduction

The Salton Sea Trough has a range of geothermal features, including mud volcanoes, pots, and seeps that express ﬂuids at temperatures ranging from ambient to 65 to 100 C. The features produce 99% CO2/0.5% CH4 gas of a thermogenic origin and contain hydrothermally-produced petroleum. The mud/clay from the Davis-Schrimpf mud volcanoes has an elemental sulfur (S0) concentration of 317 microM, suggesting that sulfur metabolism should be important in the system. Surprisingly, there has been very little microbiological characterization of these features. Described here are microbial communities, determined by Illumina sequencing of the 515F – 806R 16S rRNA gene fragment, from mud volcanoes/seeps from the Davis-Schrimph seep ﬁeld and nearby areas with surface feature temperatures from ambient, 65 C, and 100 C. In addition, we have characterized the communities that developed over 1 month at 65 C in enrichment cultures from the 65 C mud volcanoes incubated with a range of electron acceptors (ferrihydrite, S0, SO42-, and S2O32-) and electron donors (tryptone/yeast/casamino acids, crude oil, and CH3CO2-). The 65 C mud and enrichment culture communities were generally predominated by autotrophic H2-oxidizers and organotrophic H2-producers, acetogens, acetotrophs and heterotrophic S0, SO42-, and S2O32-reducers, including many relatives of microbes previously observed in the deep subsurface and from petroleum ﬁelds or production waters. While methanogens were present, they were generally at low levels, and few obvious methylotrophs or anaerobic methane oxidizers were detected. Overall, these results provide evidence for a subsurface lithoautotrophic microbial ecosystem (or SliME) in the Salton Sea trough subsurface.
Elevational Range Shifts Driven by Climate Change in Tropical Mountains: Assessment and Conservation Opportunities

Elevational Range Shifts Driven by Climate Change in Tropical Mountains: Assessment and Conservation Opportunities by German Forero Medina University Program in Ecology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Stuart L. Pimm, Supervisor ___________________________ Jennifer Swenson ___________________________ Nicholas Haddad ___________________________ Norman Christensen An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University Program in Ecology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2012 Copyright by German Forero Medina 2012
Towards Legal Contract Formalization with Controlled Natural Language Templates

Automated formalization of legal texts in order to remove ambiguities, conflicts and incompleteness has been a challenge for Requirements Engineering (RE) research for decades. This work seeks to make an incremental step towards this objective for legal contracts by making use of contract templates. Our proposed approach starts with a natural language contract template, together with a manually formalized specification of that template. A contract writer can make customizations to the template, which trigger the automatic formalization of the corresponding customized contract. Our target specification language is Symboleo, which is created specifically for contract verification and monitoring. Starting with a manually formalized template reduces the complexity associated with a fully automated formalization. Typical contract templates use simple fill-in-the-blank parameters, which serve as customizations to formalize in our framing of the problem. Our approach pushes the boundaries of these templates by allowing the contract writer to enter complex natural language customizations, such as prepositional phrases and conditional statements. This work explores what types of natural language patterns can be used in that context by analyzing relevant linguistics and real legal contracts. It also introduces a tool, SymboleoNLP, that suggests the feasibility of the formalization process.
Weekly-derived top-down VOC fluxes over Europe from TROPOMI HCHO data in 2018–2021

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key precursors of particulate matter and tropospheric ozone. Although the terrestrial biosphere is by far the largest source of VOCs into the atmosphere, the emissions of biogenic VOCs remain poorly constrained at regional scale. In this work, we derive top-down biogenic emissions over Europe using weekly-averaged TROPOMI formaldehyde (HCHO) data from 2018 to 2021. The systematic bias of the TROPOMI HCHO columns is characterized and corrected for based on comparisons with FTIR data at seven European stations. The top-down fluxes of bio-5 genic, pyrogenic, and anthropogenic VOC sources are optimized using an inversion framework based on the MAGRITTEv1.1 chemistry transport model and its adjoint. The inversion leads to strongly increased isoprene emissions with respect to the MEGAN-MOHYCAN inventory over the model domain (from 8.1 to 18.5 Tg yr − 1 ) which is driven by the high observed TROPOMI HCHO columns in southern Europe. The impact of the inversion on biomass burning VOCs ( +13% ) and anthropogenic VOCs ( − 17% ) is moderate. An evaluation of the optimized HCHO distribution against ground-based remote sensing 10 (FTIR and MAX-DOAS) and in situ data provides generally improved agreement at stations below about 50 ◦ N, but indicates overestimated emissions in northern Scandinavia. Sensitivity inversions show that the top-down emissions are robust with respect to changes in the inversion settings and in the model chemical mechanism, leading to differences of up to 10% in the total emissions. However, the top-down emissions are very sensitive to the bias correction of the observed columns, as the biogenic emissions are three times lower when the correction is not applied. Furthermore, the use of different a priori biogenic emissions
Migration strategy and pathogen risk : non-breeding distribution drives 1 malaria prevalence in migratory waders 2 3

29 Pathogen exposure has been suggested as one of the factors shaping the myriad 30 of migration strategies observed in nature. Two hypotheses relate migration 31 strategies to pathogen infection: the “avoiding the tropics hypothesis” predicts 32 that pathogen prevalence and transmission increase with decreasing non33 breeding (wintering) latitude, while the “habitat selection hypothesis” predicts 34 lower pathogen prevalence in marine than in freshwater habitats. We tested 35 these scarcely investigated hypotheses by screening wintering and resident 36 wading shorebirds (Charadriiformes) for avian malaria blood parasites 37 (Plasmodium and Haemoproteus spp.) along a latitudinal gradient in Australia. 38 We sequenced infections to determine if wintering migrants share malaria 39 parasites with local shorebird residents, and we combined prevalence results 40 with published data in a global comparative analysis. Avian malaria prevalence 41 in Australian waders was 3.56% and some parasite lineages were shared 42 between wintering migrants and residents, suggesting active transmission at 43 wintering sites. In the global dataset, avian malaria prevalence was highest 44 during winter and increased with decreasing wintering latitude, after controlling 45 for phylogeny. The latitudinal gradient was stronger for waders that use marine 46 and freshwater habitats (marine+freshwater) than for marine-restricted species. 47 Marine+freshwater wader species also showed higher overall avian malaria 48 parasite prevalence than marine-restricted species. By combining datasets in a 49 global comparative analysis, we provide empirical evidence that migratory 50 waders avoiding the tropics during the non-breeding season experience a 51 decreased risk of malaria parasite infection. We also find global support for the 52 hypothesis that marine-restricted shorebirds experience lower parasite 53 pressures than shorebirds that also use freshwater habitats. Our study indicates 54 that pathogen transmission may be an important driver of site selection for non55 breeding migrants, a finding that contributes new knowledge to our 56 understanding of how migration strategies evolve. 57 58 59 60 61
A Literature Survey on Handwritten Character Recognition

Handwriting recognition has gained a lot of attention in the field of pattern recognition and machine learning due to its application in various fields. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and Handwritten Character Recognition (HCR) has specific domain to apply. Various techniques have been proposed to for character recognition in handwriting recognition system. Even though, sufficient studies and papers describes the techniques for converting textual content from a paper document into machine readable form. In coming days, character recognition system might serve as a key factor to create a paperless environment by digitizing and processing existing paper documents. This paper presents a detailed review in the field of Handwritten Character Recognition.
IMPACT OF SHEAR DEFORMATIONS ON THE LOCATION OF THE CENTERS OF TORSION OF SHEAR WALL BUILDINGS

It is well known that shear deformations are of paramount importance in the planar (2D) analysis of shear wall systems, both for strains and stresses, so they should be included in the analyses of such systems. Shear deformations are also included in 3D analyses of shear wall systems; however, to the authors’ knowledge, the impact of shear deformations on the 3D behavior of structures has not been previously assessed. This paper presents a study where the impact of shear deformations of wall systems in the location of centers of rigidity or torsion (CTs) and static eccentricities (es) of shear wall buildings are assessed, comparing to the results when shear deformations are not included. It is shown that shear deformations associated to the rotational degrees of freedom of walls impact the location of CTs and es, therefore, the aspect ratio of the walls (h/L) is an important variable to consider for these systems. Also, for these systems one cannot define an elastic vertical axis, this is, a geometrical locus of the elastic centers of rigidity of the floors, even for systems with the same distribution of walls in all floors.
Application of Pinniped Vibrissae to Aeropropulsion

Vibrissae (whiskers) of Phoca Vitulina (Harbor Seal) and Mirounga Angustirostris (Elephant Seal) possess undulations along their length. Harbor Seal Vibrissae have been shown to reduce vortex induced vibrations and reduce drag compared to appropriately scaled cylinders and ellipses. Samples of Harbor Seal vibrissae, Elephant Seal vibrissae and California Sea Lion vibrissae were collected from the Marine Mammal Center in California. CT scanning, microscopy and 3D scanning techniques were utilized to characterize the whiskers. Leading edge parameters from the whiskers were used to create a 3D profile based on a modern power turbine blade. The NASA SW-2 cascade wind tunnel facility was used to perform hotwire surveys and pitot surveys in the wake of the ‘Seal Blades’ to provide validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations were used to study the effect of incidence angles from −37 to +10 degrees on the aerodynamic performance of the Seal blade. The tests and simulations were conducted at a Reynolds number of 100,000 based on inlet conditions and blade axial chord. The Seal blades showed consistent performance improvements over the baseline configuration. It was determined that a fuel burn reduction of approximately 5% could be achieved for a fixed wing aircraft.Copyright © 2015 by ASME