Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can follicular fluid 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine predict the clinical outcomes in ICSI cycle among couples with normospermia male?

Objective Oxidative stress (OS) occurs when excess free radicals damage the DNA. Moreover, 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a well-known biomarker for OS linked to cellular damage and gene instability. However, its role in female subfertility has not been properly assessed. We aimed to examine the level of OS represented by 8-OHdG based on the cause of subfertility and to test its correlation with reproductive hormones, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) parameters, and outcomes. Methods A cross-sectional study examined 108 subfertile couples with endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), tubal factors, and unexplained infertility undergoing ICSI treatment with two different stimulation programs. We included couples whose partners had normal sperm parameters. Levels of follicular fluid (FF) 8-OHdG were correlated with the causes of subfertility and fertilization rates and compared between pregnant and non-pregnant cases. Results Based on the causes of subfertility, FF 8-OHdG was the highest among endometriosis cases, followed by PCOS cases. Furthermore, FF 8-OHdG was higher in non-pregnant (2.37±0.75 ng/mL) vs. pregnant (1.58±0.39 ng/mL), P<0.001. A two-way analysis of variance showed that only subfertility affected ICSI outcomes, whereas the stimulation program did not. FF 8-OHdG correlated positively with female age and inversely with estradiol and good-quality embryos. The receiver operating characteristic estimated 8-OHdG cutoff value of 1.8 ng/mL predicted clinical pregnancies with 86.7% sensitivity and 74.4% specificity (P<0.001). Conclusion Higher FF 8-OHdG levels negatively impacted ICSI outcomes. FF 8-OHdG discriminated between cases of clinical pregnancy with good specificity and sensitivity. Because OS can be measured and treated, this opens up a therapeutic and prognostic avenue for improving ICSI outcomes.
Force trace characteristics in anterior cruciate ligament deficient and uninjured knees during a maximal isometric task

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency has been shown to alter the muscle function of the leg. This study aimed to investigate differences in force trace characteristics of a maximal isometric task between ACL deficient and uninjured knees. Six ACL injured and uninjured participants completed maximal adduction, extension, and flexion isometric contractions. Peak, mean, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variance (CV), frequency and signal regularity were calculated for all trials. Mean flexion force was larger in the ACL intact (0.91 N/kg) compared to their deficient (0.67 N/kg; p<0.05) knee. SD, CV and frequency composition of the extension trial differed between limbs in the uninjured (p<0.05). Analysis of variability, frequency and regularity of a signal may provide information on the function of the knee.
COVID-19 and Hospital-Acquired Pressure Injuries: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between COVID-19-related variables and hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) incidence. DATA SOURCES The authors searched four databases: Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL. The literature search contained key terms such as “COVID-19,” “hospital-acquired pressure injuries,” “pressure ulcer,” “pressure injury,” “decubitus ulcer,” and “hospitalization. ” STUDY SELECTION The systematic search of the literature identified 489 publications that matched the inclusion criteria. Articles were included in the review if they were peer-reviewed publications that reported HAPI incidence for patients who were hospitalized and COVID-19 positive. Two reviewers performed the screen simultaneously, and 19 publications were included. DATA EXTRACTION Two reviewers followed a standardized extraction form that included study and patient characteristics, COVID-19 status, HAPI characteristics, prone positioning, length of hospitalization, and HAPI prevention and treatment strategies. DATA SYNTHESIS The authors carried out a narrative synthesis of the extracted data because the data obtained were too heterogeneous for meta-analysis. The primary outcome was HAPI incidence. CONCLUSIONS This review identified that HAPI incidence was high among men who were COVID-19 positive, had longer hospital stays, experienced prone positioning, and had care teams without a skin and wound care expert. Future research should use more robust methodology and focus on quantitative modeling to iteratively improve inpatient HAPI guidelines.
Comb Detection for Measuring Shear Wave Propagation

Plane wave compounding (PWC) is widely used to measure the propagation of shear waves. Implementing PWC on most commercial ultrasound scanners is challenging because all channel (>128) data must be processed or transferred to the host computing unit in real time. Comb detection transmits multiple focused beams simultaneously and results in a reduced number of receive lines to be processed in parallel. These comb beams are scanned laterally to acquire receive lines at different lateral positions in order to obtain data over a large region of interest (ROI). One of the potential issues with using multiple simultaneously transmitted beams is the issue of crosstalk between the beams. Crosstalk is analyzed through simulated beam patterns, simulated B-mode images, and motion data from shear wave elastography (SWE) experiments. Using a Hamming window on transmit and receive can suppress crosstalk to 1.2% root-mean-square error (RMSE, normalized RMSE to the peak magnitude of the reference signal) for shear wave motion signals. Four comb beams with three laterally scanned locations cover almost the entire field of view (FOV) and achieve the same frame rate as PWC with three angles. Phantom and in vivo studies demonstrate comparable motion data of comb detection to PWC in terms of motion signal quality and measured phase velocity. In addition, comb detection provides motion with lower noise and stronger signals than PWC, which is believed to be due to the advantages of transmitting focused beams rather than plane waves (PWs).
Center-of-mass effects in the 12c (p, t) 10c reaction at 80 mev

Angular distributions for the 12C(p,t) 10C reaction for E = 80 M('V are analyzed within the framework of the zero-ranqe distort~-wavcPBorn approximation (DWBA). An approximation i5 formulated to account for cen- ter-of-mass (CM) effects in the 10C + 2n form factor. The CM approximation can be implemented by altering the input to DWBA corles 5uch as DWUCK or MERCURY. Forro factor CM corrections lead to significant improvements in the shape of the calculated 12C(p,t) angular distribution for the qround and excited state transitions. In addition, improved nonnalization5: are obtained for heavier maS5 target reactions sllchas 40Ca (t.p) and :"f)Apb(p, t).
Generation and engineering of potent single domain antibody-based bispecific IL-18 mimetics resistant to IL-18BP decoy receptor inhibition

ABSTRACT Here, we generated bispecific antibody (bsAb) derivatives that mimic the function of interleukin (IL)-18 based on single domain antibodies (sdAbs) specific to IL-18 Rα and IL-18 Rβ. For this, camelids were immunized, followed by yeast surface display (YSD)-enabled discovery of VHHs targeting the individual receptor subunits. Upon reformatting into a strictly monovalent (1 + 1) bispecific sdAb architecture, several bsAbs triggered dose-dependent IL-18 R downstream signaling on IL-18 reporter cells, as well as IFN-γ release by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the presence of low-dose IL-12. However, compared with IL-18, potencies and efficacies were considerably attenuated. By engineering paratope valencies and the spatial orientation of individual paratopes within the overall design architecture, we were able to generate IL-18 mimetics displaying significantly augmented functionalities, resulting in bispecific cytokine mimetics that were more potent than IL-18 in triggering proinflammatory cytokine release. Furthermore, generated IL-18 mimetics were unaffected from inhibition by IL-18 binding protein decoy receptor. Essentially, we demonstrate that this strategy enables the generation of IL-18 mimetics with tailor-made cytokine functionalities.
Piccolino is required for ribbon architecture at cochlear inner hair cell synapses and for hearing

Cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) form specialized ribbon synapses with spiral ganglion neurons that tirelessly transmit sound information at high rates over long time periods with extreme temporal precision. This functional specialization is essential for sound encoding and is attributed to a distinct molecular machinery with unique players or splice variants compared to conventional neuronal synapses. Among these is the active zone (AZ) scaffold protein piccolo/aczonin, which is represented by its short splice variant piccolino at cochlear and retinal ribbon synapses. While the function of piccolo at synapses of the central nervous system has been intensively investigated, the role of piccolino at IHC synapses remains unclear. In this study, we characterize the structure and function of IHC synapses in piccolo gene‐trap mutant rats (Pclogt/gt). We find a mild hearing deficit with elevated thresholds and reduced amplitudes of auditory brainstem responses. Ca2+ channel distribution and ribbon morphology are altered in apical IHCs, while their presynaptic function seems to be unchanged. We conclude that piccolino contributes to the AZ organization in IHCs and is essential for normal hearing.
A decade of change – lessons learned from prenatal diagnostics in Central Denmark region in 2008–2018

In 2011, it was decided to implement chromosomal microarray in prenatal testing in the Central Denmark Region, mainly due to the expected higher diagnostic yield. Chromosomal microarray was introduced gradually for an increasing number of pregnancies and without a transition period where both karyotyping and chromosomal microarray were performed: first malformations (2011), then large nuchal translucency (2013), then high risk at combined first trimester risk screening (2016) and finally for all indications (2018). This retrospective study summarizes 11 years of using chromosomal microarray in invasive prenatal testing and presents the effect on diagnostic yield and turnaround time. Furthermore, the concerns when introducing chromosomal microarray are presented and discussed.
Survival benefit of sentinel lymph node biopsy in Asian melanoma patients

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) provides important prognostic information for early‐stage melanomas. However, statistics regarding the survival comparison between SLNB and nodal observation in Asia, where acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) predominates, are limited. This study aimed to identify if SLNB offered survival benefits over nodal observation in early‐stage melanomas in Taiwan. The retrospective study included 227 patients who met the SLNB criteria according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines and were treated at National Taiwan University Hospital from June 1997 to June 2021. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Of the study population, ALM accounted for 73.1%; 161 patients (70.9%) underwent SLNB and 66 patients (29.1%) were under nodal observation. Multivariate analysis showed significantly improved melanoma‐specific survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.6; p = .02) in the SLNB group. Among those who underwent completion lymph node dissection (CLND), the non‐sentinel node positivity rate was 44.4%. Immediate CLND resulted in significantly longer melanoma‐specific survival and distant‐metastasis‐free survival (DMFS) compared to nodal observation. (HR, 0.2; p = .01 for melanoma‐specific survival. HR, 0.3; p = .046 for DMFS). In conclusion, SLNB may provide survival benefits of cutaneous melanoma over nodal observation in the Taiwanese population.
Fuzzy Mathematical Model Relative Analysis For The Effect Of Oxytocin In Pph

In this study we discussed relative analysis for the various fuzzy mathematical models based on generalized gamma distribution, log-logistic distribution, generalized Rayleigh distribution and Rayleigh distribution for the effect of oxytocin.Testing of hypothesis between the expected values of cardiac output changes after the administration of oxytocinfor different distribution models.
Risk mapping for Taenia solium: Applying multicriteria decision analysis in Lao PDR

Taenia solium is ranked the most significant global foodborne parasite and the leading cause of epilepsy in low and middle‐income countries. Diagnostic challenges have hampered disease control efforts to date and WHO has called for the development of risk mapping tools to assist endemic countries. This study describes the application of multicriteria decision analysis to map the risk of T. solium in Lao PDR and acts as a case study for other endemic countries.
The use of home-based digital technology to support post-stroke upper limb rehabilitation: A scoping review

Objective To identify, map and synthesize the extent and nature of existing studies on the use of home-based digital technology to support post-stroke upper limb rehabilitation. Data sources A comprehensive literature search was completed between 30 May 2022 and 05 April 2023, from seven online databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PubMed, ScienceDirect, IEEExplore, Web of Science and PEDro), Google Scholar and the reference lists of already identified articles. Methods A scoping review was conducted according to Arksey and O’Malley (2005), and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. All English-language studies reporting on the use of home-based digital technology to support upper limb post-stroke rehabilitation were eligible for inclusion. Results The search generated a total of 1895 records, of which 76 articles met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 52 were experimental studies and the rest, qualitative, case series and case studies. Of the overall 2149 participants, 2028 were stroke survivors with upper limb impairment. The majority of studies were aimed at developing, designing and/or assessing the feasibility, acceptability and efficacy of a digital system for poststroke upper limb rehabilitation in home settings. The thematic analysis found six major categories: Tele-rehabilitation (n = 29), games (n = 45), virtual reality (n = 26), sensor (n = 22), mobile technology (n = 22), and robotics (n = 8). Conclusion The digital technologies used in post-stroke upper limb rehabilitation were multimodal, and system-based comprising telerehabilitation, gamification, virtual reality, mobile technology, sensors and robotics. Furthermore, future research should focus to determine the effectiveness of these modalities.
Characteristics of genotype, drug resistance, and molecular transmission network among newly diagnosed HIV‐1 infections in Shenzhen, China

The HIV‐1 pandemic has persisted for four decades, and poses a major challenge to global public health. Shenzhen, a city with large number of migrant populations in China, is suffering HIV‐1 epidemic. It is necessary to continuously conduct the molecular surveillance among newly diagnosed HIV‐1 patients in these migrant population. In this study, plasma samples of newly diagnosed and ART‐naive HIV‐1 infections were collected from Shenzhen city in China. The partial genes of HIV‐1 gag and pol were amplified and sequenced for the analysis of genotype, drug resistance, and molecular transmission network. Ninety‐one sequences of pol gene were obtained from newly diagnosed HIV‐1 infections in Shenzhen, and seven HIV‐1 subtypes were revealed in this investigation. Among them, the circulating recombinant form (CRF) 07_BC was the mostly frequent subtype (53.8%, 49/91), followed by CRF01_AE (20.9%, 19/91), CRF55_01B (9.9%, 9/91), unique recombinant forms (URFs) (8.8%, 8/91), B (3.3%, 3/91), CRF59_01B (2.2%, 2/91), and CRF08_BC (1.1%, 1/91). The overall prevalence of pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) was 23.1% (21/91), and 52.38% (11/21) of the PDR was specific for the nonnucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Furthermore, a total of 3091 pol gene sequences were used to generate 19 molecular transmission clusters, and then one growing cluster, a new cluster, and a cluster with growth reactivation were identified. The result revealed that more sexual partner, CRF_07BC subtype, and seven amino acid deletions in gag p6 region might be the influencing factors associated with the high risk of transmission behavior. Compared with CRF01_AE subtype, CRF07_BC subtype strains were more likely to form clusters in molecular transmission network. This suggests that long‐term surveillance of the HIV‐1 molecular transmission should be a critical measure to achieve a precise intervention for controlling the spread of HIV‐1 in China.
Interventions to Prevent Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a global health and human rights problem. This systematic review assesses the effects of preventive interventions on the occurrence of IPV experience or perpetration. Twenty-six studies published between January 1, 2008 and March 31, 2022 were included, contributing 91 effect sizes. Multilevel meta-analysis showed a protective pooled effect (risk ratio = 0.85, 95% CI [0.77, 0.99]). Interventions (also) including men were more effective than interventions for women only. No other moderators were found. Findings underscore that various IPV prevention interventions are now available that can improve the health and rights of women in diverse settings.
Implementation and maintenance of an enhanced pulmonary rehabilitation program in a single centre: An implementation study

Background Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has major benefits for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). An enhanced PR program was developed with a self-management education intervention. The objective of our study was to evaluate the implementation of the enhanced PR program into a single centre. Methods Pre-post implementation study consisted of two evaluation periods: immediately after implementation and 18 months later. Guided by the RE-AIM framework, outcomes included: Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance. Results Reach: 70–75% of referred patients agreed to a PR program (n = 26). Effectiveness: Clinically important improvements occurred in some patients in functional exercise capacity (64% of the patients achieved clinical important difference in 6-min walk test in the first evaluation period and 44% in the second evaluation period), knowledge, functional status, and self-efficacy in both evaluation periods. Adoption: All healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in PR (n = 8) participated. Implementation: Fidelity for the group education sessions ranged from 76 to 95% (first evaluation) and from 82 to 88% (second evaluation). Maintenance: The program was sustained over 18 months with minor changes. Patients and HCPs were highly satisfied with the program. Conclusions The enhanced PR program was accepted by patients and HCPs and was implemented and maintained at a single expert center with good implementation fidelity.
X‐ray micro‐computed tomography of Xenopus tadpole reveals changes in brain ventricular morphology during telencephalon regeneration

Xenopus tadpoles serve as an exceptional model organism for studying post‐embryonic development in vertebrates. During post‐embryonic development, large‐scale changes in tissue morphology, including organ regeneration and metamorphosis, occur at the organ level. However, understanding these processes in a three‐dimensional manner remains challenging. In this study, the use of X‐ray micro‐computed tomography (microCT) for the three‐dimensional observation of the soft tissues of Xenopus tadpoles was explored. The findings revealed that major organs, such as the brain, heart, and kidneys, could be visualized with high contrast by phosphotungstic acid staining following fixation with Bouin's solution. Then, the changes in brain shape during telencephalon regeneration were analyzed as the first example of utilizing microCT to study organ regeneration in Xenopus tadpoles, and it was found that the size of the amputated telencephalon recovered to >80% of its original length within approximately 1 week. It was also observed that the ventricles tended to shrink after amputation and maintained this state for at least 3 days. This shrinkage was transient, as the ventricles expanded to exceed their original size within the following week. Temporary shrinkage and expansion of the ventricles, which were also observed in transgenic or fluorescent dye‐injected tadpoles with telencephalon amputation, may be significant in tissue homeostasis in response to massive brain injury and subsequent repair and regeneration. This established method will improve experimental analyses in developmental biology and medical science using Xenopus tadpoles.
Capsule Shimming Developments for National Ignition Facility (NIF) Hohlraum Asymmetry Experiments

Abstract Capsule drive in National Ignition Facility indirect-drive implosions is generated by X-ray illumination from cylindrical hohlraums. The cylindrical hohlraum geometry is axially symmetric but not spherically symmetric, causing capsule–fuel drive asymmetries. It is hypothesized that fabricating capsules asymmetric in wall thickness (shimmed) may compensate for drive asymmetries and improve implosion symmetry. Simulations suggest that for high-compression implosions, Legendre mode P4 hohlraum flux asymmetries are the most detrimental to implosion performance. General Atomics has developed a diamond-turning method to form a glow discharge polymer capsule outer surface to a Legendre mode P4 profile. The P4 shape requires full capsule surface coverage. As a result, in order to avoid tool-lathe interference, flipping the capsule part way through the machining process is required. This flipping process risks misalignment of the capsule, causing a vertical step feature on the capsule surface. Recent trials have proven this step feature height can be minimized to ~0.25 µm.
Distribution of Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) cryptic species complex in the United States and reproductive host assessment of its dominant member

Chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, is a cryptic species complex of at least 9 species, 2 of which (South Asia 1 and East Asia 1) have been confirmed damaging >50 plant taxa in the United States. To develop a knowledge-based management program for this pest in the United States, the objectives of the study were to (i) survey for S. dorsalis species complex in the suspected regions and (ii) assess the reproductive hosts of the predominant member available. Thrips samples received from collaborators were subjected to morpholomolecular characterization. Of the 101 thrips populations received across the United States between 2015 and 2021, 71 populations were confirmed as S. dorsalis, with ∼25% further identified as East Asia 1, compared with ∼41% identified as South Asia 1, suggesting the latter species is more prevalent in the US. East Asia 1 was primarily found in samples collected from Hydrangea sp. (95%) in Massachusetts, NewYork, and Pennsylvania, indicating geographic range expansion in the Northeast and successful overwintering in areas with hard freezes. While assessing the host range of South Asia 1 (dominant species), 62 plant taxa were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Among these, 40 feeding and reproductive hosts were confirmed in Florida. We also found 18 new reproductive hosts and 3 feeding hosts of S. dorsalis, which were not previously reported in the literature. The results provide insight into the increasing host range and expanded geographical distribution of S. dorsalis species and will enable the development of a species-specific monitoring and management program.