Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
o impacto do trabalho na saúde mental dos profissionais da estratégia saúde da família

Os trabalhadores que atuam na Estrategia Saude da Familia enfrentam, em seu cotidiano, situacoes de trabalho precarias, relacoes de trabalho dificeis, sobrecarga de trabalho, condicoes sociais da comunidade desfavoraveis, que podem acarretar em serio desgaste psiquico e, para agravar a situacao, sua saude nao recebe a devida atencao. Pretendemos, neste estudo, identificar entre os trabalhadores com risco para depressao e ansiedade, identificados em uma pesquisa anterior, aqueles que desenvolveram algum tipo de adoecimento; investigar, entre os trabalhadores que adoeceram, os fatores predisponentes; evidenciar as estrategias defensivas utilizadas para prevencao do adoecimento mental e identificar as praticas de cuidado utilizadas pelos trabalhadores. Trata-se de um estudo que prioriza a abordagem qualitativa, sob o enfoque da epidemiologia social. Fizeram parte deste estudo 36 trabalhadores de 17 Unidades de Saude da Familia do municipio de Joao Pessoa-PB. O material empirico foi produzido por meio de entrevista e estas formaram um banco de dados, submetido a analise pelo software Alceste 4.8. A analise do material deu origem a seis classes/categorias tematicas, discutidas com base no referencial adotado. Evidenciou-se que o trabalho constitui um fator fundamental na genese do sofrimento psiquico. Alem do trabalho, os conflitos familiares e a perda de um ente querido tambem foram relatados como determinantes do sofrimento psiquico. Os trabalhadores evidenciaram a utilizacao de estrategias como forma de amenizar ou evitar o adoecimento mental, tais como, a reclamacao e a existencia de situacoes prazerosas que reduzem o sofrimento, no entanto, neste caso, significa que os trabalhadores nao estao buscando mudancas das causas do sofrimento, mas apenas formas de controla-lo. Esperamos que este estudo funcione como alerta aos gestores sobre a real situacao de saude dos trabalhadores da ESF, atentando, principalmente, sobre a importância da existencia de espacos de discussao onde os trabalhadores possam colocar suas dificuldades e necessidades. E essencial a criacao de ambientes de promocao a saude nos locais de trabalho. Assim, e possivel promover o bem-estar do trabalhador, o que acarretara em melhoria de atendimento prestado aos usuarios.
Stock market volatility: An approach based on Tsallis entropy

One of the major issues studied in finance that has always intrigued, both scholars and practitioners, and to which no unified theory has yet been discovered, is the reason why prices move over time. Since there are several well-known traditional techniques in the literature to measure stock market volatility, a central point in this debate that constitutes the actual scope of this paper is to compare this common approach in which we discuss such popular techniques as the standard deviation and an innovative methodology based on Econophysics. In our study, we use the concept of Tsallis entropy to capture the nature of volatility. More precisely, what we want to find out is if Tsallis entropy is able to detect volatility in stock market indexes and to compare its values with the ones obtained from the standard deviation. Also, we shall mention that one of the advantages of this new methodology is its ability to capture nonlinear dynamics. For our purpose, we shall basically focus on the behaviour of stock market indexes and consider the CAC 40, MIB 30, NIKKEI 225, PSI 20, IBEX 35, FTSE 100 and SP 500 for a comparative analysis between the approaches mentioned above.
Sublinear Models for Graphs

This contribution extends linear models for feature vectors to sublinear models for graphs and analyzes their properties. The results are (i) a geometric interpretation of sublinear classifiers, (ii) a generic learning rule based on the principle of empirical risk minimization, (iii) a convergence theorem for the margin perceptron in the sublinearly separable case, and (iv) the VC-dimension of sublinear functions. Empirical results on graph data show that sublinear models on graphs have similar properties as linear models for feature vectors.
Inhibition of growth of C6 glioma cells in vivo by expression of antisense vascular endothelial growth factor sequence.

Tumor angiogenesis involves a combination of events including the production of inhibitors, proteases, and angiogenic factors that have a chemotactic and mitogenic effect on endothelial cells. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelial cell-specific mitogen that promotes angiogenesis in solid tumors, including brain tumors such as astrocytomas. As an approach to the development of new strategies for gene therapy of brain tumors, we have interrupted the VEGF/VEGF receptor paracrine pathway in an attempt to inhibit angiogenesis and thereby control tumor growth. Rat C6 glioma cells were transfected with a eukaryotic expression vector bearing an antisense-VEGF cDNA. Stable transfectants were observed to express reduced levels of VEGF in culture under hypoxic conditions. When implanted s.c. into nude (nu/nu) mice, growth of the antisense-VEGF cell lines was observed to be greatly inhibited compared to control cells, despite the fact that they have a faster division time in vitro. Analysis of these tumors revealed that they have fewer blood vessels and a higher degree of necrosis, which is a plausible explanation for the reduced tumor size. We believe antisense-VEGF can be successfully used to control tumor growth and may provide the basis for the development of antiangiogenic gene therapy.
Characterising Wildlife Trade Market Supply-Demand Dynamics

The trade in wildlife products can represent an important source of income for poor people, but also threaten wildlife locally, regionally and internationally. Bushmeat provides livelihoods for hunters, traders and sellers, protein to rural and urban consumers, and has depleted the populations of many tropical forest species. Management interventions can be targeted towards the consumers or suppliers of wildlife products. There has been a general assumption in the bushmeat literature that the urban trade is driven by consumer demand with hunters simply fulfilling this demand. Using the urban bushmeat trade in the city of Kumasi, Ghana, as a case study, we use a range of datasets to explore the processes driving the urban bushmeat trade. We characterise the nature of supply and demand by explicitly considering three market attributes: resource condition, hunter behaviour, and consumer behaviour. Our results suggest that bushmeat resources around Kumasi are becoming increasingly depleted and are unable to meet demand, that hunters move in and out of the trade independently of price signals generated by the market, and that, for the Kumasi bushmeat system, consumption levels are driven not by consumer choice but by shortfalls in supply and consequent price responses. Together, these results indicate that supply-side processes dominate the urban bushmeat trade in Kumasi. This suggests that future management interventions should focus on changing hunter behaviour, although complementary interventions targeting consumer demand are also likely to be necessary in the long term. Our approach represents a structured and repeatable method to assessing market dynamics in information-poor systems. The findings serve as a caution against assuming that wildlife markets are demand driven, and highlight the value of characterising market dynamics to inform appropriate management.
Formal Analysis of a Public-Key Algorithm

In this article, a formal specification and verification of the Rabin public-key scheme in a formal proof system is presented. The idea is to use the two views of cryptographic verification: the computational approach relying on the vocabulary of probability theory and complexity theory and the formal approach based on ideas and techniques from logic and programming languages. A major objective of this article is the presentation of the first computer-proved implementation of the Rabin public-key scheme in Isabelle/HOL. Moreover, we explicate a (computer-proven) formalization of correctness as well as a computer verification of security properties using a straight-forward computation model in Isabelle/HOL. The analysis uses a given database to prove formal properties of our implemented functions with computer support. The main task in designing a practical formalization of correctness as well as efficient computer proofs of security properties is to cope with the complexity of cryptographic proving. We reduce this complexity by exploring a light-weight formalization that enables both appropriate formal definitions as well as efficient formal proofs. Consequently, we get reliable proofs with a minimal error rate augmenting the used database, what provides a formal basis for more computer proof constructions in this area. Keywords—public-key encryption, Rabin public-key scheme, formal proof system, higher-order logic, formal verification.
Intensity generalization: physiology and modelling of a neglected topic.

I briefly review empirical data about the generalization of acquired behaviour to novel stimuli, showing that variations in stimulus intensity affect behaviour differently from variations in characteristics such as, for instance, visual shape or sound frequency. I argue that such differences can be seen already in how the sense organs react to changes in intensity compared to changes in other stimulus characteristics. I then evaluate a number of models of generalization with respect to their ability to reproduce intensity generalization. I reach three main conclusions. First, realistic stimulus representations, based on knowledge of the sense organs, are necessary to account for intensity effects. Models employing stimulus representations too remote from the sense organs are unable to reproduce the data. Second, the intuitive notion that generalization is based on similarities between stimuli, possibly modelled as distances in an appropriate representation space, is difficult to reconcile with data about intensity generalization. Third, several simple models, in conjunction with realistic stimulus representations, can account for a wide array of generalization phenomena along both intensity and non-intensity stimulus dimensions. The paper also introduces concepts which may be generally useful to evaluate and compare different models of behaviour.
Spatiotemporal nonlinear optics in arrays of subwavelength waveguides

Silicon on insulator photonic wire waveguides offer tight sub-wavelength confinement of light, high nonlinearities and large and controllable geometrical Group Velocity Dispersion (GVD) [1]. Arranging wires in arrays brings about new opportunities for dispersion control. Strongly dispersive coupling between modes of adjacent wires causes substantial and controllable variation of the zero GVD wavelength between different supermodes [2]. This modifies the phase matching conditions for resonant (Cherenkov) radiation [3], which is one of the distinctive features of solitons in waveguides with sign-changing GVD [4].
Semi-Markov Models for Named Entity Recognition

We described semi-Markov models which relaxes usual Markov assumptions made in hidden Markov models. Semi-Markov models classify segments of adjacent words, rather than single words. We proposed two training strategies, a discriminative training and a generative training for semi-Markov models. Importantly, features for semi-Markov models can measure properties of segments, and transitions within a segment can be non-Markovian. This formalism can incorporate information about the similarity of extracted entities to entities in an external dictionary. This is difficult because most high-performance named entity recognition systems operate by sequentially classifying words as to whether or not they participate in an entity name; however, the most useful similarity measures score entire candidate names. In addition to allowing a natural way of coupling high-performance NER methods and high-performance similarity functions, this formalism also allows the direct use of other useful entity-level features, and provides a more natural formulation of the NER problem than sequential word classification. We applied semi-Markov models to named entity recognition (NER) problems and in experiments of ?
Silhouettes of Development: A Tool for Understanding the Needs and Growth of Science Teachers

ABSTRACT Although much research has examined the professional development (PD) of science teachers, questions remain about what aspects of PD contribute to teacher change. It is important to continue to examine the nuanced ways in which PD can support in-service science teachers as they seek to hone their craft. This study used silhouettes constructed from teacher reflections to examine project-level and teacher-level components of a PD. Three components emerged as most relevant at both levels. It is not surprising that the need for new content knowledge was 2nd and strategies for helping students learn the content was 3rd. However, project-level silhouette analysis indicated that community was the most important component for in-service teachers. For 3 of the 4 exemplar teachers highlighted, community was the strongest component. The literature on belonging and subjective well-being provides insight into why community emerged as most important and the significant role it may play in teacher change.
Towards a structure-based multimedia retrieval model

In this paper, we are interested in multimedia XML document retrieval, whose aim is to find relevant document components (i.e XML elements) that focus on the user needs. We propose to represent multimedia elements using not only textual information, but also hierarchical structure. Indeed, an XML document can be represented as a tree, whose nodes correspond to XML elements. Thanks to this representation, an analogy between XML documents and ontologies can be established. Therefore, to quantify the participation degree of each node in the multimedia element representation, we propose two measures using the ontology hierarchy. Another part of our model consists of defining the best window of multimedia fragments to be returned to the user. Through the evaluation of our model on the INEX 2006 Multimedia Fragments Task, we show the importance of using the document structure in multimedia information retrieval.
Career Planning Confidence Among Facebook Users

As a highly popular social networking site (SNS) for exchanging information about their personal activities, values, goals, and accomplishments with their online “friends,” Facebook (FB)© enables social comparisons and identity negotiations that may influence college students’ career planning confidence. However, to date, no studies have examined whether FB use activities and “friend” networks are uniquely associated with such confidence when dispositional variables associated with students’ needs for belongingness and self-presentation are concurrently controlled. In the present study, participants provided information about their FB use activities and networks and completed self-report measures of adult attachment security, authenticity, career decision self-efficacy, and career aspirations. We hypothesized that, controlling for features of FB use, adult attachment security and authenticity would make significant and incremental contributions to our indicators of career confidence and that authenticity would mediate expected relations between attachment security and these outcomes. Our findings yielded general support for these hypotheses. Implications for career counseling practice that considers both clients’ relational dispositions and uses of social media are discussed.
Quasi-Experiments and Hedonic Property Value Methods

There has recently been a dramatic increase in the number of papers that have combined quasi-experimental methods with hedonic property models. This is largely due to the concern that cross-sectional hedonic methods may be severely biased by omitted variables. While the empirical literature has developed extensively, there has not been a consistent treatment of the theory and methods of combining hedonic property models with quasi-experiments. The purpose of this chapter is to fill this void. An effort is made to provide background information on the traditional hedonic theory, the traditional cross-sectional hedonic methods as well as the newer quasi-experimental hedonic methods that use program evaluation techniques. By connecting these two literatures, the underlying theoretical and empirical assumptions necessary to estimate the marginal willingness to pay for a housing characteristic are highlighted. The chapter also provides a practical how to guide on implementing a quasi-experimental hedonic analysis. This is done by focusing on a series of steps that can help to ensure the reliability of a quasi-experimental identification strategy. We illustrate this process using several recent papers from the literature.
On the restriction of representations of GL2(F) to a Borel subgroup

Abstract Let F be a non-Archimedean local field and let p be the residual characteristic of F. Let G=GL2(F) and let P be a Borel subgroup of G. In this paper we study the restriction of irreducible smooth representations of G on $\overline {\mathbf {F}}_{p}$-vector spaces to P. We show that in a certain sense P controls the representation theory of G. We then extend our results to smooth $\mathcal {O}[G]$-modules of finite length and unitary K-Banach space representations of G, where $\mathcal {O}$ is the ring of integers of a complete discretely valued field K with residue field $\overline {\mathbf {F}}_{p}$.
Ja n 20 01 The Prompt Lepton Cookbook

We review the calculation of the prompt lepton flux, produced in the atmosphere by the semileptonic decay of charmed particles. We describe side by side the intermediary ingredients used by different authors, which include not only the charm production model, but also other atmospheric particle showering parameters. After evaluating separately the relevance of each single ingredient, we analyze the effect of different combinations over the final result. We highlight the impact of the prompt lepton flux calculation upon high-energy neutrino telescopes.
Specific Metabolites in a Phaeodactylum tricornutum Strain Isolated from Western Norwegian Fjord Water

We have searched for special characteristics in growth, protein expression, fatty acids and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a local Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin strain (Bergen Marine Biobank), by comparing it with a common accession strain (CCAP). Differences in growth and expressed proteins were detected between the BMB strain and the CCAP strain, and the BMB strain reached the highest cell densities under the given growth conditions. Fatty acid (FA) analyses showed highest relative eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) levels in the exponential phase (25.73% and 28.31%), and highest levels of palmitoleic acid (16:1 n-7) in the stationary phase (46.36% and 43.66%) in the BMB and CCAP strain, respectively. The most striking finding of the VOCs analyses was the relatively high levels of ectocarpene, 6-((1E)-butenyl)-1,4-cycloheptadiene, hormosirene, and desmarestene and structurally related compounds, which were exclusively detected in the BMB strain. Many of the VOCs detected in the CCAP and, in particular, in the BMB strain have been reported as antimicrobial agents. We suggest that the array of pheromones and antimicrobial substances could be part of an allelopathic strategy of the BMB strain, dominated by oval cells, thus reflecting the benthic life stage of this morphological form. These findings show the potential for bioactive metabolites in the BMB strain.
Sport Hunting, Predator Control and Conservation of Large Carnivores

Sport hunting has provided important economic incentives for conserving large predators since the early 1970's, but wildlife managers also face substantial pressure to reduce depredation. Sport hunting is an inherently risky strategy for controlling predators as carnivore populations are difficult to monitor and some species show a propensity for infanticide that is exacerbated by removing adult males. Simulation models predict population declines from even moderate levels of hunting in infanticidal species, and harvest data suggest that African countries and U.S. states with the highest intensity of sport hunting have shown the steepest population declines in African lions and cougars over the past 25 yrs. Similar effects in African leopards may have been masked by mesopredator release owing to declines in sympatric lion populations, whereas there is no evidence of overhunting in non-infanticidal populations of American black bears. Effective conservation of these animals will require new harvest strategies and improved monitoring to counter demands for predator control by livestock producers and local communities.
Hardware Implementation of Accumulated Value Calculation for Two-Dimensional Continuous Dynamic Programming

We propose an efficient hardware accelerator for the calculation of accumulated values of two-dimensional continuous dynamic programming (2DCDP). The 2DCDP is a powerful optimal pixel-matching algorithm between input and reference images which can be applied to image processing, such as image recognition, image search, feature tracking, 3D reconstruction, and so on. However, it requires large computation time due to its time and space complexities of O(N4). We analyze the computation flow of the 2DCDP algorithm and propose a high-performance architecture for a hardware accelerator. Parallelized accumulated minimum local distance calculators and a toggle memory structure are newly introduced to reduce the computation cost and memory. The proposed architecture is implemented into an FPGA, Stratix IV, EP4SE820. Its maximum operation frequency is 125.71 MHz. The preliminary evaluation reveals that the parallel processing by 32 PEs for the accumulated value calculation for 32x32 input and reference images can be sped up to 77 times at the maximum operation frequency of 100 MHz compared to the processing with a multi-core processor.
Video Surveillance System Using Motion Detection (cid:150)A Survey

- Now a days, much of the video surveillance systems require to manually setting a motion detection sensitivity level to generate motion alarms. The performance of motion detection algorithms, embedded in CCTV camera and digital video recorder usually depends upon the preselected motion sensitivity level, which works in all environmental conditions. Due to the preselected sensitivity level, false alarms and detection failures usually exist in video surveillance systems. The proposed motion detection model based upon variational energy provides a robust detection method at various illumination changes and noise levels of image sequences without tuning any parameter manually.We analyze the structure mathematically and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model with numerous experiments in various environmental conditions. Due to the compact structure and efficiency of the proposed model, it could be implemented in a small embedded system.
Duration refinement for hybrid speech synthesis system using random forest

The hybrid speech synthesis system which combines the hidden Markov model and unit selection method has been widely used and researched in both industry and academia recently due to its naturalness and expressiveness. However, the target duration, which is used to control the duration of selected candidate, is still predicted via the state-based duration model, whose performance is far from satisfactory. As a result, the synthetic speech sounds somewhat bland and even tedious. In this paper, we replace the state-based duration model with Random Forest (RF). Experiments on English database show that the new model yields more accurate predictions, compared with the baseline state-based duration model. The average improvement of phone RMSEs are 4.265 ms and 14.6% in English speech synthesis. The perceptual experiments on the same database further confirm that proposed model have a better performance than the baseline model.