Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of Storage-Independent Model for SPARQL-to-SQL Translation Algorithms

This paper describes the performance evaluation of a storage-independent model used for SPARQL-to-SQL translation algorithms. Recently, several web ontology languages have been developed for realizing Semantic Web. In particular, query language and web ontology storages based on RDB have been developed for searching and managing web ontology data. Among the proposed query languages, SPARQL is the most representative. However, SPARQL cannot be used to search data in an RDB. To solve this problem, an SPARQL query must be translated to an SQL query (SQL is the RDB query language). Recently, several translation algorithms have been proposed for SPARQL-to-SQL translation. However, the disadvantage of these algorithms is that they are dependent on the storage structure. We have previously developed a model for storage-independent translation algorithms. In this study, we evaluate the performance of a storage-dependent model and a storage-independent model and discuss the obtained results.
Discovering Optimization Algorithms Through Automated Learning

In this paper, we describe the supervised learning approach to op- timization problems in the spirit of the PAC learning model. By this approach, we discover domain-specific algorithms by learning from an oracle, which is also an optimization algorithm for the problem in question. We describe examples of learning backtracking-based algorithms and algorithms that implement the dynamic programming paradigm.
Optimized parallel joint springs in dynamic motion: Comparison of simulation and experiment

Inspired by human tendon function, parallel springs in the joints of bipedal walking robots allow for a significant reduction of the cost of locomotion in simulation. An experimental setup is presented here which enables to verify the simulation results. The beneficial effects of parallel springs are investigated for a four-link robot arm equipped with a parallel spring at the last link. The desired motion results from simultaneous optimization of spring properties and motion which was shown to achieve the best reduction of actuation effort. Spring utilization is considered for two types of motion, free space motion and motion including contact with the environment at the end-effector. It is shown that the absolute reduction of effort through the utilization of an optimal spring is independent of friction. Hence, influence of the spring on effort is more relevant at higher speeds where the motion itself requires more actuation effort. Furthermore, for motion with environmental contact, a spring can reduce actuation effort more than in free space motion, especially for stiffer environments.
AVIAN INFLUENZA SHEDDING PATTERNS IN WATERFOWL: IMPLICATIONS FOR SURVEILLANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSMISSION, AND DISEASE SPREAD

Despite the recognized importance of fecal/oral transmission of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) via contaminated wetlands, little is known about the length, quantity, or route of AI virus shed by wild waterfowl. We used published laboratory challenge studies to evaluate the length and quantity of low pathogenic (LP) and highly pathogenic (HP) virus shed via oral and cloacal routes by AI-infected ducks and geese, and how these factors might influence AI epidemiology and virus detection. We used survival analysis to estimate the duration of infection (from virus inoculation to the last day virus was shed) and nonlinear models to evaluate temporal patterns in virus shedding. We found higher mean virus titer and longer median infectious period for LPAI-infected ducks (10–11.5 days in oral and cloacal swabs) than HPAI-infected ducks (5 days) and geese (7.5 days). Based on the median bird infectious dose, we found that environmental contamination is two times higher for LPAI- than HPAI-infectious ducks, which implies that susceptible birds may have a higher probability of infection during LPAI than HPAI outbreaks. Less environmental contamination during the course of infection and previously documented shorter environmental persistence for HPAI than LPAI suggest that the environment is a less favorable reservoir for HPAI. The longer infectious period, higher virus titers, and subclinical infections with LPAI viruses favor the spread of these viruses by migratory birds in comparison to HPAI. Given the lack of detection of HPAI viruses through worldwide surveillance, we suggest monitoring for AI should aim at improving our understanding of AI dynamics (in particular, the role of the environment and immunity) using long-term comprehensive live bird, serologic, and environmental sampling at targeted areas. Our findings on LPAI and HPAI shedding patterns over time provide essential information to parameterize environmental transmission and virus spread in predictive epizootiologic models of disease risks.
The BRCA1 Breast Cancer Suppressor: Regulation of Transport, Dynamics, and Function at Multiple Subcellular Locations

Inherited mutations in the BRCA1 gene predispose to a higher risk of breast/ovarian cancer. The BRCA1 tumor suppressor is a 1863 amino acid protein with multiple protein interaction domains that facilitate its roles in regulating DNA repair and maintenance, cell cycle progression, transcription, and cell survival/apoptosis. BRCA1 was first identified as a nuclear phosphoprotein, but has since been shown to contain different transport sequences including nuclear export and nuclear localization signals that enable it to shuttle between specific sites within the nucleus and cytoplasm, including DNA repair foci, centrosomes, and mitochondria. BRCA1 nuclear transport and ubiquitin E3 ligase enzymatic activity are tightly regulated by the BRCA1 dimeric binding partner BARD1 and further modulated by cancer mutations and diverse signaling pathways. This paper will focus on the transport, dynamics, and multiple intracellular destinations of BRCA1 with emphasis on how regulation of these events has impact on, and determines, a broad range of important cellular functions.
Monetary Policy, Output Composition and the Great Moderation

This paper shows how US monetary policy contributed to the drop in the volatility of US output fluctuations and to the decoupling of household investment from the business cycle. I estimate a model of household investment, an aggregate of non durable consumption and corporate sector investment, inflation and a short-term interest rate. Subsets of the models' parameters can vary along independent Markov Switching processes. ; A specific form of switches in the monetary policy regimes, i.e. changes in the size of monetary policy shocks, affect both the correlation between output components and their volatility. A regime of high volatility in monetary policy shocks, that spanned from 1970 to 1975 and from 1979 to 1984 is characterized by large monetary policy shocks contributions to GDP components and by a high correlation of household investment to the business cycle. This contrasts with the 1960's, the 1976 to 1979 period and the post 1984 era where monetary policy shocks have little impact on the fluctuations of real output.
A Review of Attacks and Security Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

With the development of the wireless communication technology and the improvement of the performance of the MEMS sensor, wireless sensor networks are widely used in various application scenarios such as smart building, intelligent transportation, ubiquitous and unobtrusive health monitoring system, etc. As information communicated among these networks is usually of privacy, so security in wireless sensor networks is of particular importance, and sensitive information must be protected from unauthorized usage for personal advantages and fraudulent acts. While, due to the extremely stringent constraints of energy, memory and computation ability, securing the communication among the sensors has posed various challenges to researchers. And at present, studies toward completely secure sensor networks are still in their infancy stages. In this paper, we explained the basic conceptions and the essential knowledge in the area of wireless senor network; and then we introduced and classified the common security attacks designed to demolish the wireless sensor networks, and the corresponding countermeasures against these issues are followed; examples of security problems in the application of health monitoring field are specially presented in the last section; and finally, we summarized the paper and imagined the possible future development of the security problems of the wireless sensor networks. I hope through this paper, one can learn the recent development of the attack and securing technology in the wireless sensor network and then develop more advanced anti-attack methods.
A Preliminary Study on Injury Risk Factors of Perak Athletes

The objective of this study is to identify the injury risk factors of Perak male and female athletes who participating in contact and non-contact sports, meanwhile to suggest preventive strategies to all the sports personnel. The research design chosen was retrospective descriptive epidemiological study. The data from this study is examined based on intrinsic risk factors (Self Induce and Attire) and extrinsic risk factors (Third Party, Environment and Equipment). The descriptive statistics was utilized to analyze the research variables. The data collected for self status in self induce factor, finding revealed that body composition (51.1%) as highest risk followed by body status to play (41.7%), self-attitude (5.8%) and age difference (1.4%). Whereby, for factor of attire, more injuries occurred due to not wearing appropriate protective gear (47.5%) compared to inappropriate footwear (34.5%) and inappropriate clothing (18.0%). The extrinsic factors of third party that lead to injuries were mostly due to opponent (89.2%), contrary to referee (10.8%) and none from audiences. There was no injury reported due to playing equipment. This study finding revealed that playing surface was reported highest (75.5%) in environment factors followed by weather (24.5%). In the nutshell, injury rates can be reduced by identifying the injury risk factors and thus the life span of high performance athletes will be prolonged.
Spectrum sharing through distributed coordination in dynamic spectrum access networks

Spectrum sharing in open spectrum systems is a challenging problem, particularly since users experience dynamic spectrum availabilities that vary over time and location. In the absence of any centralize infrastructure, users coordinate their spectrum usage to support fair access of spectrum and avoid interference. One critical challenge is to construct an efficient signalling path in the presence of spectrum dynamics, where users exchange control and negotiation information reliably. In this paper we propose a distributed coordination protocol (HDMAC) to construct an in-band control path without relying on the existence of a pre-assigned out-of-band control channel. In particular, we propose a distributed group formation to construct coordination path using local common channels, and a heterogeneity-aware ranking scheme to select channels for data transmissions. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and reliability of the proposed approach.
Linear Decomposition of Planar Shapes

The issue of decomposing digital shapes into sets of digital primitives has been widely studied over the years. Practically all existing approaches require perfect or cleaned shapes. Those are obtained using various pre-processing techniques such as thinning or skeletonization. The aim of this paper is to bypass the use of such pre-processings, in order to obtain decompositions of shapes directly from connected components. This method has the advantage of taking into account the intrinsic thickness of digital shapes, and provides a decomposition which is also robust to
Vassiliev invariants of knots in a spatial graph

Dedicated to Professor Kazuaki Kobayashi for his 60th birthday. We show that the Vassiliev invariants of the knots contained in an embedding of a graph G into R 3 satisify certain equations that are independent of the choice of the embedding of G. By a similar observation we define certain edge-homotopy invariants andvertex-homotopy invariants of spatial graphs basedon the Vassiliev invariants of the knots containedin a spatial graph. A graph G is calledad aptable if, given a knot type for each cycle of G, there is an embedding of G into R 3 that realizes all of these knot types. As an application we show that a certain planar graph is not adaptable.
Incidence of pulmonary embolism during COPD exacerbation*, **

OBJECTIVE: Because pulmonary embolism (PE) and COPD exacerbation have similar presentations and symptoms, PE can be overlooked in COPD patients. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of PE during COPD exacerbation and to describe the clinical aspects in COPD patients diagnosed with PE. METHODS: This was a prospective study conducted at a university hospital in the city of Ankara, Turkey. We included all COPD patients who were hospitalized due to acute exacerbation of COPD between May of 2011 and May of 2013. All patients underwent clinical risk assessment, arterial blood gas analysis, chest CT angiography, and Doppler ultrasonography of the lower extremities. In addition, we measured D-dimer levels and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) levels. RESULTS: We included 172 patients with COPD. The prevalence of PE was 29.1%. The patients with pleuritic chest pain, lower limb asymmetry, and high NT-pro-BNP levels were more likely to develop PE, as were those who were obese or immobile. Obesity and lower limb asymmetry were independent predictors of PE during COPD exacerbation (OR = 4.97; 95% CI, 1.775-13.931 and OR = 2.329; 95% CI, 1.127-7.105, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of PE in patients with COPD exacerbation was higher than expected. The association between PE and COPD exacerbation should be considered, especially in patients who are immobile or obese.
An investigation into the effects of Text-To-Speech voice and 3D avatars on the perception of presence and flow of live help in electronic commerce

Expansion and growth of online shopping has led many companies to provide real-time communications on their Web sites to facilitate human-to-human interaction between service representatives and customers. The current study analyzes the interface design of such Live Help functions. More specifically, it attempts to understand whether or not the implementation of Text-To-Speech (TTS) voice communication and 3D avatars in the user interface of Live Help affects consumers' views of their own interactions with a service person.A laboratory experiment was designed to empirically test the hypotheses that TTS voice communication and 3D avatars can significantly affect consumers' perceptions of presence and flow. A 2*3 full factorial design was used (assessing three options for the use of voice and text, and two options for the use of avatars). The results of the experiment demonstrate that the presence of TTS voice significantly increases consumers' perceptions of flow (a construct depicting a user's interaction with a computer as playful and exploratory), while 3D avatars enhance consumers' feelings of telepresence (a user's experience of seeming to be present in a remote environment by means of a communication medium). These findings offer practitioners guidelines on how to improve interface designs for real-time human-to-human communications on electronic commerce Web sites.
Does reverberation affect upper limits for auditory motion perception?

We report three experiments measuring the upper limits, defined as auditory velocity thresholds beyond which listeners are no longer able to perceptually resolve a smooth circular trajectory in various reverberate conditions. These thresholds were measured for white noise, band-limited white noise and band-limited white noise mixed with a pure tone, in different reverberation conditions: acoustically dry room, two simulated source-image-based reverberations and natural reverberation with different configurations of loudspeaker arrays. Experiment 1 took place in a dry room and thresholds were measured with and without a reverberation simulation of an actual reverberant room. In Experiment 2, various simulated reverberation parameters were tested in the same dry room, and two different loudspeaker configurations were tested in a reverberant room. Experiment 3 investigated the effect of audio source type in simulated reverberation condition and for high velocities. No significant effects were observed among reverberation conditions, suggesting that the upper limit is robust against reverberation.
Model of e-commerce in Chinese medicine: Based on strategic management perspective

Thinking about the development of Traditional medicine from a macro perspective,we reference the development of the western hospital as the basic frame nowaday, Chinese medicine in China and its development of e-commerce is not optimistic about Chinese medicine in order to survive and develop the growth path of exploration, and information technology to another and the power of e-commerce to create a variety of e-commerce information platform of Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine will be e-commerce information platform for the Internet Age with a combination of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine is the only way to grow.
Sirnultaneous Speculation Scheduling

Absrracr-Simullaneous Speculation Schcduling (5 3) is a combined compiler and architecture technique to control multiple path execution. lt can be applied for dual path branch speculation in case of unpredictable branches and for mulliple path speculative execution of loop iterations. Loop-carried dcpendences are handled by data dependence prediction. Architectural requirements are a minimal fonn of mullithreaded pro-cessar architecture and three new instructions (fork, sync, waiJ). Simu· latíon results show performance gains of up to 40% over purely static scheduling techniques by applying the S 3 technique to branches in kernel sections of SPECint95 benchmark programs.
Enzyme-like proteins by computational design

We report the development and initial experimental validation of a computational design procedure aimed at generating enzyme-like protein catalysts called “protozymes. ” Our design approach utilizes a “compute and build” strategy that is based on the physical/chemical principles governing protein stability and catalytic mechanism. By using the catalytically inert 108-residue Escherichia coli thioredoxin as a scaffold, the histidine-mediated nucleophilic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate as a model reaction, and the ORBIT protein design software to compute sequences, an active site scan identified two promising catalytic positions and surrounding active-site mutations required for substrate binding. Experimentally, both candidate protozymes demonstrated catalytic activity significantly above background. One of the proteins, PZD2, displayed “burst” phase kinetics at high substrate concentrations, consistent with the formation of a stable enzyme intermediate. The kinetic parameters of PZD2 are comparable to early catalytic Abs. But, unlike catalytic Ab design, our design procedure is independent of fold, suggesting a possible mechanism for examining the relationships between protein fold and the evolvability of protein function.
The Tangible Virtual Mirror : New Visualization Paradigm for Navigated Surgery

Real-time in-situ visualization of virtual data overlaid on its real counterpart is getting increasing attention. Augmented Reality (AR) for intra-operative visualization and navigation has been a subject of intensive research and development during the last decade [2], [9], [12]. Besides accuracy and speed of the system one of the challenges to improve acceptance of medical AR systems is the lack of appropriate visualization paradigms that exploit the potential of these new 3D visualization technologies. In-situ visualization offers a higher degree of freedom for the programmer than classical visualization on a screen. The existing paradigms for interaction with 3D objects are however not satisfactory since the majority of them rotate and move the object of interest. The classic manipulation of virtual objects cannot be used while keeping real and virtual spaces in alignment. Other classic medical imaging user interfaces provide multiple orthographic views of virtual objects, which do not reveal spatial relationships if points of interest are not by accident in the same slice. This paper introduces a simple and efficient interaction paradigm allowing the users to interact with 3D objects and visualize them from arbitrary viewpoints without disturbing the in-situ visualization, or requiring the user to change the viewpoint. We present a virtual, tangible mirror as a new paradigm for interaction with 3D models. The concept borrows its visualization paradigm in some sense from methodology used by dentists to examine the oral cavity without constantly changing their own viewpoint or moving the patients head. The paper also presents a medical application for the hand-held virtual mirror in order to demonstrate its crucial role in intra-operative AR visualization for computer aided spine surgery. Results not only include simulated optical mirrors but also introduce the concept of medical imaging mirrors reflecting volume rendering. This new concept can be easily combined with all kinds of visualization techniques, e.g. digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR), which is highly interesting since mirroring X-rays is not physically possible, but could be perceptually accepted and extremely useful for 3D medical in-situ visualization. CR Categories: I.3. 6 [Methodology and Techniques]: Interaction ∗e-mail: bichlmei@in.tum. de †e-mail: sielhors@cs.tum. edu ‡e-mail: navab@cs.tum. edu techniques—;
Summarizing RST trees focusing on referential chains : A case study

In this paper we introduce RHeSumaRST, a heuristics based system that aims at pruning an RST tree in order to yield its corresponding summary. Those heuristics focus especially on identifying when a discursive segment that embed an anaphoric term is chosen to compose the summary, in which case the discursive segment that embed its antecedent must also be chosen. To both address referentiality and rhetorical structuring, Veins Theory is added to RST Theory in order to drive pruning. A preliminary case study is presented that assesses pruning of RST trees resulting from discourse-analyzing texts written in Brazilian Portuguese.