Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Work during Stress-field Translation in the Human TMJ

The pathomechanics of degenerative joint disease of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) may involve fatigue produced by mechanical work on the articulating tissues. This study tested the hypotheses that mechanical work in the TMJ (i) varies with the type of mandibular activity, and (ii) is evenly distributed over TMJ surfaces. Ten healthy human participants were recorded with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and jaw tracking. The data were used to reconstruct and animate TMJ activity. Aspect ratios, instantaneous velocities, and distances of stress-fields translation were used to calculate work (mJ). The results were analyzed by least-squares polynomial regression and ANOVA. Work magnitudes were related to peak velocity (R2 = 0.92) and distance of stress-field translation (R2 = 0.83), and were distributed over the joint surfaces (p < 0.03). During mandibular laterotrusion, average mechanical work was 1.5 times greater in the contralateral joint. Peak magnitudes of work (> 3000 mJ) were 4 times that previously reported.
Wekinating 000000Swan: Using Machine Learning to Create and Control Complex Artistic Systems

In this paper we discuss how the band 000000Swan uses machine learning to parse complex sensor data and create intricate artistic systems for live performance. Using the Wekinator software for interactive machine learning, we have created discrete and continuous models for controlling audio and visual environments using human gestures sensed by a commercially-available sensor bow and the Microsoft Kinect. In particular, we have employed machine learning to quickly and easily prototype complex relationships between performer gesture and performative outcome.
An exploration of how ethics informs physiotherapy and podiatry practice

Introduction Moral complexities exist in every day health care practice creating conflicting responsibilities in providing care. Health care ethics (HCE) enable an applied practical linkage of theory and practice to create professional behaviour that focuses on service user benefit. This thesis explored how physiotherapists and podiatrists embodied health care ethics in their practice. Methods Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) as a hermeneutical approach was utilised in order to explore how HCE informs physiotherapy and podiatry practice. Whilst always involving interpretation, this method has the ability to describe the human experience as it is lived. Using a framework embedded in hermeneutic IPA facilitated an inquiry that promotes the participant’s own reflections of experiential practice (phenomenology) and then interpreting them (hermeneutical) in the relevant and wider context. Purposively sampled individual interviews were carried out (n=21) in an attempt to interpret the participants’ lifeworld of embodied HCE. The preliminary findings were taken to one purposively sampled group interview for discussion which contributed to further interpretation. Findings Five themes emerged from the data. The themes indicated that there is a desire by participants to extol ethical practice, but acknowledged various limitations in the reality of achieving this. The place of empathy has a key role in HCE for clinical reasoning and decision making which may prevent HCPs from passively following performance guidelines and checklists. If empathy and virtue ethics can be taught and utilised by HCPs then guidelines may be considered for individual implementation as an outcome, rather than a prerequisite, of ethical decision making. Conclusion Ethical decision making may be enhanced by reconsidering the education of character virtues including empathy. Empathy is a basic condition and source of morality. As a central component of phronesis, empathy may enable understanding of a service user’s needs and increase motivation for HCPs to act in a caring way, thus making the service user the bearer of an ethical interaction.
Transliteration Generation and Mining with Limited Training Resources

We present DirecTL+: an online discriminative sequence prediction model based on many-to-many alignments, which is further augmented by the incorporation of joint n-gram features. Experimental results show improvement over the results achieved by DirecTL in 2009. We also explore a number of diverse resource-free and language-independent approaches to transliteration mining, which range from simple to sophisticated.
Visualizing the Structure of a Large-Scale News Video Corpus Based on Topic Segmentation and Tracking

An extraction process for nickel, easily reducible as an alloy or in pure state, starting from an ore which contains nickel in a small amount simultaneously with large quantities of other less reducible metals, the extraction being achieved by heating the ore and a reducing mass to a high temperature, the reducing mass being provided by a quantity of the reducer, calculated so as to reduce the totality of the nickel, the cobalt present if any, and a small part of another reducible constituent such as iron present in the ore, being dispersed, or dissolved, in a quantity of matter wherein the volume of the reducer is present in a charge of the reducible substance in a ratio of about 1:3.
Groups of rational points on abelian varieties over finite fields

Let $A$ be an abelian variety with commutative endomorphism algebra over a finite field $k$. The $k$-isogeny class of $A$ is uniquely determined by a Weil polynomial $f_A$ without multiple roots. We give a classification of the groups of $k$-rational points on varieties from this class in terms of Newton polygons of $f_A(1-t)$.
Permittivity and AC conductivity measurement of hydrated phyllosilicate minerals

In the present study, the relationship between the AC conductivity, permittivity and loss of vermiculite is presented. The way that different materials react when an electromagnetic field is applied depends strongly on the materials' dielectric properties. In industrial processes that employ microwaves, it is important to know in advance the properties of the material to be processed in particular, its dielectric characteristics. Another important factor to be considered is the variation of the AC conductivity, which is strongly influenced by the behavior of the charge carriers with frequency, permittivity and loss tangent. The frequencies used in the study were 1.60 GHz, 1.80 GHz, 2.00 GHz and 2.45 GHz. The technique is based on the measured S-parameters, followed by a numerical determination through a MATLAB® code based on the Nicolson - Ross - Weir noniterative method. The study demonstrated that AC conductivity of vermiculite is dependent on the frequency and loss and that this dependency influences the exfoliation rate of vermiculite when exfoliated by microwave radiation.
Neo Resource Theory Under Complexity Science Management

After sorting and reviewing different schools of resource theory, the authors of this article proceeds with a neo resource theory from the perspective of complexity science management. According to this theory, there are tangible resources co-existing with intangible ones, which could be created. The exploration and utilization of resources are a complicated process. In complex conditions, intangible resources can play a more important and decisive role. Ideology serves as the nucleus factor for resources concept. Intangible resources are under development and inexhaustible. The authors also elaborates on some crucial intangible resources.
Religiosity of Muslim adolescents from single parent families living in government-subsidised settlement

Adolescence is a phase of emotionl turmoil and stress. If not balanced with religious practice, it may cause adolescents to fall into moral and social problems such as breach of school discipline, delinquency, drug addiction and sexual permissiveness. Religiosity is one way for adolescents to deal with challenges in life thereby avoiding immoral activities. This is because religiosity may help to balance adolescent emotional, cognitive and social developments.The purpose of this study is to identify the behaviour and level of religiosity among 30 adolescents from single parents families who settle in government-subsidised area of residence, namely known as the Federal Land Development Authority (FELDA). The area is located in the state of Pahang, situated on the eastern part of Malaysia. These adolescents have been selected as research respondents. This research was conducted as a survey using questionnaire as the research instrument. It was constructed based on the guidelines of Islamic Practice Instrument (IPI) (Fariza, 2012) and has already been verified in terms of its validity and reliability. The data analysis has adopted the method of descriptive statistics explained in table form. The research results have found that religiosity or religious behaviour that the adolescents most frequently abide by are staying away from gambling, having good thoughts and expectations of Allah, feeling awed and fear of Allah’s power (taqwa), staying away from fornication (zina) and supplication (doa) to Allah facing the direction of Qibla. The level of religiosity is medium for most adolescents. This factor explains why not many respondents are involved in moral and disciplinary problems at school. This research finds that generally, religiosity protects adolescents from being involved in immoral activities and other vices.
Secretory Vesicles Are Preferentially Targeted to Areas of Low Molecular SNARE Density

Intercellular communication is commonly mediated by the regulated fusion, or exocytosis, of vesicles with the cell surface. SNARE (soluble N-ethymaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins are the catalytic core of the secretory machinery, driving vesicle and plasma membrane merger. Plasma membrane SNAREs (tSNAREs) are proposed to reside in dense clusters containing many molecules, thus providing a concentrated reservoir to promote membrane fusion. However, biophysical experiments suggest that a small number of SNAREs are sufficient to drive a single fusion event. Here we show, using molecular imaging, that the majority of tSNARE molecules are spatially separated from secretory vesicles. Furthermore, the motilities of the individual tSNAREs are constrained in membrane micro-domains, maintaining a non-random molecular distribution and limiting the maximum number of molecules encountered by secretory vesicles. Together our results provide a new model for the molecular mechanism of regulated exocytosis and demonstrate the exquisite organization of the plasma membrane at the level of individual molecular machines.
Structured thoughts: The spatial-motor view

We defend a conception of thoughts that lies between the linguistic and digital views. First we present these views, insisting on their defining features and what distinguishes them. Then we defend what we believe to be the central claim of our view, the idea that spatial and motor thoughts can have compositional structure: non-linguistic thought can be mereological, combinatorial, productive and systematic, and hence may support deductive inferences. Our account draws on robotics, psychological and neuroloscientifics models and datas.
Research Seminar 27 March , 2001 Pathways through homelessness : towards a dynamic analysis

The notion of pathways through homelessness is central to a full understanding of the nature of homelessness and the possibilities for alleviating homelessness. That is to say, consideration needs to be given to the processes and dynamics at work in relation to the housing careers and life trajectories of individuals and households who experience homelessness at some point in their lives. These notions of process and dynamics have become central to contemporary analysis of many social issues and to the whole policy agenda associated with social exclusion/inclusion in Britain and much of Western Europe. To date, however, there has been only limited research which has examined homelessness as a dynamic process concerned with how people do or do not gain access to suitable, affordable housing – and how the housing process interacts with other socio-economic processes. This paper considers whether discrete pathways through homelessness can be identified in relation to key characteristics such as gender, age, race, household type and life experience. The policy implications and practical options for intervention arising from such an analysis are also considered. It is argued that a dynamic, ‘pathways’ approach to researching homelessness can aid understanding of the complexity of the economic and social processes which create and sustain homelessness. Within the context of the United Kingdom, the approach also raises questions about the effectiveness of policy responses. Further, the paper also argues that appropriate research methods are fundamental to a dynamic analysis of homelessness and that contemporary policy research has often lacked a dynamic approach. The paper concludes by setting out a framework whereby a more dynamic approach to homelessness research could help to provide a better understanding of pathways through homelessness and lead to more effective policy interventions.
Bagging for a Region Oriented Symbolic Classifier

Ensemble methods like bagging combine the decisions of multiple classifiers in order to obtain more accuracy than a single classifier. This paper studies the use of bagging for a region oriented symbolic classifier. Experiments with two artificial data sets, generated according to bi-variate normal distributions have been performed in order to show the usefulness of bagging for this symbolic classifier. The prediction accuracy (error rate) of the proposed ensemble is calculated through a Monte Carlo simulation method with 100 replications.
Routing post-disaster traffic floods heuristics

In this paper, we present three heuristics for mitigating post-disaster traffic floods. First exploiting the excess capacity, second rerouting backup paths, finally redistributing the whole traffic by rerouting the working and protection paths to accommodate more floods. Using these mitigation approaches can reduce the blocking by up to 30%.
Extending Telepresent Walking by Motion Compression

Telepresent walking allows visiting remote places such as museums, exhibitions or industrial sites with a high degree of realism. While walking freely around in the user environment, the user sees the remote environment “through the eyes” of a remote mobile teleoperator. For that purpose, the user’s motion is tracked and transferred to the teleoperator. Without additional processing of the motion data, the size of the remote environment to be explored is limited to the size of the user environment. This paper proposes an extension of telepresent walking to arbitrarily large remote or virtual spaces based on compressing wide area motion into the available user space. Motion Compression is a novel technique and does not make use of scaling or walking-in-place metaphors. Turning angles and travel distances are mapped with ratio 1:1.
Effects of Intermittent or Continuous Training on Speed, Jump and Repeated-Sprint Ability in Semi-Professional Soccer Players

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of two different training interventions (Intermittent versus Continuous training) on semi-professional male soccer player's speed, jump and repeated-sprint ability. Thirty four play- ers were divided into an intermittent training group (INT, n=18, age=26.7±4.7, height=175.3±5.2cm, weight=72.9±4.8Kg) and a continuous training group (CONT, n=16, age=26.6±5.1, height=174.9±5.9cm, weight=73.2±7.2Kg). The study lasted for 12 weeks and consisted of 20 minutes per training session in physical conditioning following either CONT or INT training guidelines. The players were tested 3 times during 1st, 6th and 12th week of the season. Testing consisted of 15m and 30m sprint time, squat-jump and countermovement jump height and Bangsbo modified sprint test. Two-way re- peated measures ANCOVA (group: INT, CONT x TIME-POINT: Week1, Week6, Week12) showed that INT was faster than CONT in the 6 th and 12 th weeks for the squat jump, 15m, 30m and Bangsbo Modified Sprint Test and that INT re- covered better from intense efforts than CONT. Our results suggest that both training interventions were able to maintain initial values of speed and jump. However, the INT exhibit larger improvements in repeated-sprint ability. Therefore, the power endurance training (intermittent high intensity exercise) may be more beneficial to prepare soccer players accord- ing to the game cardiovascular and metabolic specific determinants.
Geometric completion of differential systems using numeric-symbolic continuation

Symbolic algorithms using a finite number of exact differentiations and eliminations are able to reduce over and under-determined systems of polynomially nonlinear differential equations to involutive form. The output involutive form enables the identification of consistent initial values, and eases the application of exact or numerical integration methods.Motivated to avoid expression swell of pure symbolic approaches and with the desire to handle systems with approximate coefficients, we propose the use of homotopy continuation methods to perform the differential-elimination process on such non-square systems. Examples such as the classic index 3 Pendulum illustrate the new procedure. Our approach uses slicing by random linear subspaces to intersect its jet components in finitely many points. Generation of enough generic points enables irreducible jet components of the differential system to be interpolated.
Lens aberration aware placement for timing yield

Process variations due to lens aberrations are to a large extent systematic, and can be modeled for purposes of analyses and optimizations in the design phase. Traditionally, variations induced by lens aberrations have been considered random due to their small extent. However, as process margins reduce, and as improvements in reticle enhancement techniques control variations due to other sources with increased efficacy, lens aberration-induced variations gain importance. For example, our experiments indicate that delays of most cells in the Artisan TSMC 90nm library are affected by 2--8% due to lens aberration. Aberration-induced variations are systematic and depend on the location in the lens field. In this article, we first propose an aberration-aware timing analysis flow that accounts for aberration-induced cell delay variations. We then propose an aberration-aware timing-driven analytical placement approach that utilizes the predictable slow and fast regions created on the chip due to aberration to improve cycle time. We study the dependence of our improvement on chip size, as well as use of the technique along with field blading which allows partial reticle exposure. We evaluate our technique on two testcases, AES and JPEG implemented in 90nm technology. The proposed technique reduces cycle time by 4.322% (80ps) at the cost of 1.587% increase in trial-routed wirelength for AES. On JPEG, we observe a cycle time reduction of 5.182% (132ps) at the cost of 1.095% increase in trial-routed wirelength.
Recognition of Handwritten Mathematical Expressions

In recent years, the recognition of handwritten mathematical expressions has recieved an increasing amount of attention in pattern recognition research. The diversity of approaches to the problem and the lack of a commercially viable system, however, indicate that there is still much research to be done in this area. In this thesis, I will describe an on-line approach for converting a handwritten mathematical expression into an equivalent expression in a typesetting command language such as TEX or MathML, as well as a feedback-oriented user interface which can make errors more tolerable to the end user since they can be quickly corrected. The three primary components of this system are a method for classifying isolated handwritten symbols, an algorithm for partitioning an expression into symbols, and an algorithm for converting a two-dimensional arrangements of symbols into a typeset expression. For symbol classification, a Gaussian classifier is used to rank order the interpretations of a set of strokes as a single symbol. To partition an expression, the values generated by the symbol classifier are used to perform a constrained search of possible partitions for the one with the minimum summed cost. Finally, the expression is parsed using a simple geometric grammar. Thesis Supervisor: Paul A. Viola Title: Associate Professor
A Least-Squares Based Two-Phase Face Recognition Method

In this paper, an iterative method for solving linear systems and min is used to calculate the best representations of the test sample as a linear combination of all the training samples. Then a least-squares Based two-phase face recognition algorithm is proposed. This algorithm is as follows: its first phase uses a least-squares method to calculate the contribution between a test sample and each sample in the training sets, and then exploits the contribution of each training sample to determine K nearest neighbors for the test sample. Its second phase represents the test sample as a linear combination of the determined K nearest neighbors and uses the representation result to perform classification. The experimental results show that our method outperforms the two-phase test sample sparse representation methods for use with face recognition (TPTSR).
Use of a mixed radix fitness function to evolve swarm behaviors

Architecting systems designed to elicit group-level behavior beyond the capability of any single agent, however, demands a labor and experimentation-intensive cycle on the part of the programmer. As part of a system to evolve swarm behaviors, we have developed a mixed radix fitness function to overcome the problems encountered with typical fitness functions when used in a multi-objective optimization problem. In this work, we show that mixed radix fitness functions can be used to encode sequential dependencies and prioritize metrics within the context of agent-based swarm behavior. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we construct a mixed radix fitness function and evolve swarm algorithms to solve a complex extension of the classic object collection problem. Further, we show the mixed radix fitness function is successful in driving evolution towards a feasible solution while avoiding local extrema.
The Immune Interplay between the Host and the Pathogen in Aspergillus fumigatus Lung Infection

The interplay between Aspergillus fumigatus and the host immune response in lung infection has been subject of studies over the last years due to its importance in immunocompromised patients. The multifactorial virulence factors of A. fumigatus are related to the fungus biological characteristics, for example, structure, ability to grow and adapt to high temperatures and stress conditions, besides capability of evading the immune system and causing damage to the host. In this context, the fungus recognition by the host innate immunity occurs when the pathogen disrupts the natural and chemical barriers followed by the activation of acquired immunity. It seems clear that a Th1 response has a protective role, whereas Th2 reactions are often associated with higher fungal burden, and Th17 response is still controversial. Furthermore, a fine regulation of the effector immunity is required to avoid excessive tissue damage associated with fungal clearance, and this role could be attributed to regulatory T cells. Finally, in this work we reviewed the aspects involved in the complex interplay between the host immune response and the pathogen virulence factors, highlighting the immunological issues and the importance of its better understanding to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for invasive lung aspergillosis.