Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advanced technologies for future ground-based, laser-interferometric gravitational wave detectors

We present a review of modern optical techniques being used and developed for the field of gravitational wave detection. We describe the current state-of-the-art of gravitational waves detector technologies with regard to optical layouts, suspensions and test masses. We discuss the dominant sources and noise in each of these subsystems and the developments that will help mitigate them for future generations of detectors. We very briefly summarise some of the novel astrophysics that will be possible with these upgraded detectors.
Bibliography for Ec'12 Tutorial: the Diffusion of Networking Techologies

Marketing. This is the original 1969 paper that proposed the Bass Model [2] for understanding the diffusion of new products. It has been claimed that this model is the most popular model used in marketing. It’s perhaps easier to read this retrospective written by Bass [3], or this earlier more detailed survey on the Bass Model [18]. I also mentioned the Bass-Norton model for successive generations of new technologies proposed in 1987 [20].
Profound and Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Clinically-Relevant Low Dose Scatter Irradiation on the Brain and Behavior

Irradiated cells can signal damage and distress to both close and distant neighbors that have not been directly exposed to the radiation (naïve bystanders). While studies have shown that such bystander effects occur in the shielded brain of animals upon body irradiation, their mechanism remains unexplored. Observed effects may be caused by some blood-borne factors; however they may also be explained, at least in part, by very small direct doses received by the brain that result from scatter or leakage. In order to establish the roles of low doses of scatter irradiation in the brain response, we developed a new model for scatter irradiation analysis whereby one rat was irradiated directly at the liver and the second rat was placed adjacent to the first and received a scatter dose to its body and brain. This work focuses specifically on the response of the latter rat brain to the low scatter irradiation dose. Here, we provide the first experimental evidence that very low, clinically relevant doses of scatter irradiation alter gene expression, induce changes in dendritic morphology, and lead to behavioral deficits in exposed animals. The results showed that exposure to radiation doses as low as 0.115 cGy caused changes in gene expression and reduced spine density, dendritic complexity, and dendritic length in the prefrontal cortex tissues of females, but not males. In the hippocampus, radiation altered neuroanatomical organization in males, but not in females. Moreover, low dose radiation caused behavioral deficits in the exposed animals. This is the first study to show that low dose scatter irradiation influences the brain and behavior in a sex-specific way.
Piecewise Function Approximation With Private Data

We present two secure two party computation (STPC) protocols for piecewise function approximation on private data. The protocols rely on a piecewise approximation of the to-be-computed function easing the implementation in an STPC setting. The first protocol relies entirely on garbled circuits (GCs), while the second one exploits a hybrid construction where GC and homomorphic encryption are used together. In addition to piecewise constant and linear approximation, polynomial interpolation is also considered. From a communication complexity perspective, the full-GC implementation is preferable when the input and output variables can be represented with a small number of bits, while the hybrid solution is preferable otherwise. With regard to computational complexity, the full-GC solution is generally more convenient.
Reflexes from the lungs and airways: historical perspective.

Historical aspects of respiratory reflexes from the lungs and airways are reviewed, up until about 10 yr ago. For most of the 19th century, the possible reflex inputs into the "respiratory center," the position of which had been identified, were very speculative. There was little concept of reflex control of the pattern of breathing. Then, in 1868, Breuer published his paper on "The self-steering of respiration via the Nervus Vagus. " For the first time this established the role of vagal inflation and deflation reflexes in determining the pattern of breathing. Head later extended Breuer's work, and Kratschmer laid a similar basis for reflexes from the nose and larynx. Then, 50-60 yr later, the development of the thermionic valve and the oscilloscope allowed recording action potentials from single nerve fibers in the vagus. In 1933, Adrian showed that slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors were responsible for the inflation reflex. Later, Knowlton and Larrabee described rapidly adapting receptors and showed that they mediated deep augmented breaths and the deflation reflex. Still later, it was established that rapidly adapting receptors were, at least in part, responsible for cough. In 1954, Paintal began his study of C-fiber receptors (J receptors), work greatly extended by the Coleridges. Since approximately 10 yr ago, when the field of this review stops, there has been an explosion of research on lung and airway receptors, many aspects of which are dealt with in other papers in this series.
Issues and Methods for Assessing COTS Reliability, Maintainability, and Availability

Introduction Many vendors produce products that are not domain specific (e.g., network server) and have limited functionality (e.g., mobile phone). In contrast, many customers of COTS develop systems that are domain specific (e.g., target tracking system) and have great variability in functionality (e.g., corporate information system). This discussion takes the viewpoint of how the customer can ensure the quality of COTS components. In evaluating the benefits and costs of using COTS, we must consider the environment in which COTS will operate. Thus we must distinguish between using a non-mission critical application like a spreadsheet program to produce a budget and a mission critical application like military strategic and tactical operations. Whereas customers will tolerate an occasional bug in the former, zero tolerance is the rule in the latter. We emphasize the latter because this is the arena where there are major unresolved problems in the application of COTS. Furthermore, COTS components may be embedded in the larger customer system. We refer to these as embedded systems. These components must be reliable, maintainable, and available, and must interoperate with the larger system in order for the customer to benefit from the advertised advantages of lower development and maintenance costs. Interestingly, when the claims of COTS advantages are closely examined, one finds that to a great extent these COTS components consist of hardware and office products, not mission critical software [ 11.
Trade in Intermediate Producer Services under Imperfect Competition

In this paper a stylized CGE model is constructed to study the impact of liberalization of barriers for foreign providers of intermediate producer services under imperfect competition on the welfare, the downstream industry output, the prices of the factors of production and the pattern of trade. An attempt is made at incorporating oligopoly market structure into the services sector within general equilibrium model. Consequently, a model with firms making output conjectures about domestic and foreign rivals is adopted. The case of a small developing country with less efficient services sector relative to the foreign firms is assumed. In this framework, interaction and the relative significance of mechanisms resulting from the love of variety, anti and pro competitive and the efficiency effects on the outcomes of the services liberalization is analyzed. It is found that the liberalization services trade might be negative in terms of welfare and downstream industry expansion even if the profits of the foreign firms are not shifted abroad. This represents the evidence of dominant anticompetitive effect. It is therefore important to take into consideration the underlying market structure while liberalizing services trade.
An Efficient 64-point Pipelined FFT Engine

The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is a very important algorithm in signal processing, software defined radio and the most promising modulation technique i.e. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). This paper describes the design and implementation of a fully pipelined 64-point FFT engine in programmable logic. The FFT takes 16-bit fixed point complex numbers as input and after a known pipelined latency of 20 clock cycles produces the desired output. The input data samples are fed in parallel to the FFT engine to generate outputs in parallel. The architecture is capable of performing FFT operation without changing the internal coefficients which makes it highly suitable for practical applications. The architecture requires 25% multiplication operations compared to conventional Cooley-Tukey approach. Hence it leads to low power and area saving.
Correlation of maternal-fetal attachment and health practices during pregnancy with neonatal outcomes

Introduction Low birth weight due to preterm delivery or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is the strongest factor contributing to prenatal, neonatal, and postnatal mortality. Maternal–fetal attachment plays a significant role in maternal and fetal health. Health practices performed by the mother during pregnancy constitute one of the factors that may affect neonatal outcomes. The present study was conducted to identify the relationship between maternal–fetal attachment and health practices during pregnancy with neonatal outcomes. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 315 pregnant women with a gestational age of 33–41 weeks who presented to hospitals in Sirjan (Iran) between December 2014 and February 2015. The data collection tools used included the Health Practices in Pregnancy Questionnaire and the Maternal Fetal Attachment Scale. Data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 20, focusing on the Pearson product–moment correlation and the logistic regression model. Statistical significance was set to p<0.05. Results The mean score of maternal–fetal attachment was 60.34, and the mean score of health practices was 123.57. The mean birth weight of the neonates was 3052.38 g. Health practices (p<0.05, r=0.11) and maternal-fetal attachment (p<0.01, r=0.23) were positively and significantly correlated with neonatal outcomes. A significant positive relationship was also observed between maternal–fetal attachment and neonatal outcomes. No significant relationships were observed between health practices during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Conclusion Maternal-fetal attachment and health practices during pregnancy are positively and significantly correlated with neonatal outcomes.
Simulating Term Structure of Interest Rates with Arbitrary Marginals

Decision models under uncertainty rely their analysis on scenarios of the economic factors. A key economic factor is the term structure of interest rates (yields). Simulation models of the yield curve usually assume that the conjugate distribution of the interest rates is lognormal. Dynamic models, like vector auto-regression, implicitly postulate that the logarithm of the interest rates is normally distributed. Statistical analyses have, however, shown that stationary transformations (yield changes) of the interest rates are substantially leptokurtic, thus posing serious doubts on the reliability of the available models. We propose in this paper a VARTA model (Biller and Nelson, 2003) to simulate term structures of the interest rates with arbitrary marginals. We will show that such an approach is able to simulate paths of the entire yield curve with distributional properties very close to those found in the empirical data.
Evaluación de la estructura de la deuda pública de México, 1980-2008

En el documento se estima la mezcla óptima de deuda interna y externa que debería tener el gobierno de México. Para ello, se siguió el modelo propuesto por Miller en el que la estructura óptima depende del tamaño relativo de la deuda pública total, la base monetaria, las varianzas del tipo de cambio real, la inflación interna y la externa, y de la covarianza entre el gasto público y la inflación interna. De acuerdo con la evidencia empírica, la proporción de deuda interna óptima es de 60.9% en contraste con la observada actualmente que representa 77.6%, de tal forma que pareciera que existe una sobreestimación de los riesgos externos.
Industrial districts as ‘learning regions’. A condition for prosperity?

The aim of this book is to present a much-needed conceptualization of ‘the learning region’. The editors scrutinize key concepts and issues surrounding this phenomenon, which are then discussed in the context of recent literature. This unique conceptualization of the learning region presents a state of the art exploration of theories. Leading scholars from across Europe, the USA and South Africa draw upon various disciplines to explain how regional actors perform regional learning.
Within-Genome Evolution of REPINs: a New Family of Miniature Mobile DNA in Bacteria

Repetitive sequences are a conserved feature of many bacterial genomes. While first reported almost thirty years ago, and frequently exploited for genotyping purposes, little is known about their origin, maintenance, or processes affecting the dynamics of within-genome evolution. Here, beginning with analysis of the diversity and abundance of short oligonucleotide sequences in the genome of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25, we show that over-represented short sequences define three distinct groups (GI, GII, and GIII) of repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) sequences. Patterns of REP distribution suggest that closely linked REP sequences form a functional replicative unit: REP doublets are over-represented, randomly distributed in extragenic space, and more highly conserved than singlets. In addition, doublets are organized as inverted repeats, which together with intervening spacer sequences are predicted to form hairpin structures in ssDNA or mRNA. We refer to these newly defined entities as REPINs (REP doublets forming hairpins) and identify short reads from population sequencing that reveal putative transposition intermediates. The proximal relationship between GI, GII, and GIII REPINs and specific REP-associated tyrosine transposases (RAYTs), combined with features of the putative transposition intermediate, suggests a mechanism for within-genome dissemination. Analysis of the distribution of REPs in a range of RAYT–containing bacterial genomes, including Escherichia coli K-12 and Nostoc punctiforme, show that REPINs are a widely distributed, but hitherto unrecognized, family of miniature non-autonomous mobile DNA.
[$Ca^{2+}-activated\;K^+$ Currents of Pancreatic Duct Cells in Guinea-pig

There are numerous studies on transepithelial transports in duct cells including and/or . However, studies on transepithelial transport of normal duct cells in exocrine glands are scarce. In the present study, we examined the characteristics of currents in single duct cells isolated from guinea pig pancreas, using a whole-cell patch clamp technique. Both and conductance were found with KCI rich pipette solutions. When the bath solution was changed to low , reversal potentials shifted to the negative side, , suggesting that this current is dominantly selective to . We then characterized this outward rectifying current and examined its dependency. The currents were activated by intracellular . 100 nM or 500 nM in pipette significantly (P, n=4 or , n=6) at +100 mV membrane potential, compared to those with 0 nM in pipette . We next examined whether this current, recorded with 100 nM in pipette, was inhibited by various inhibitors, including , TEA and iberiotoxin. The currents were inhibited by (n=3), (n=5) and (n=9) by 1 mM , 5 mM TEA and 100 nM iberiotoxin, respectively. Particularly, an almost complete inhibition of the current by 100 nM iberiotoxin further confirmed that this current was activated by intracellular . The current may play a role in secretory process, slnce recycling of is critical for the initiation and sustaining of or secretion in these cells.
Amalgamating Naf and Nai

We deene a new logic language with negation by introducing existential and universal quantiiers in the queries. We call ? general programs and ? general goals the programs and the goals in this language. Negation is handled by using two rules: the NAF rule for universally quantiied negative queries and the NAI rule for existentially quantiied negative queries. We formalize this amalgamation in terms of NAIF-resolution (SLD-resolution with Negation As In-stantiation and Failure), and we prove its correctness w.r. t. the completion semantics. We also show how extended programs and goals, i.e. programs and goals whose body is an arbitrary rst-order formula ((11]), can be transformed into ? general programs and goals and then evaluated using our system.
Molecular mechanisms of nitric oxide regulation. Potential relevance to cardiovascular disease.

N itric oxide (NO) is a recently appreciated regulator molecule for leukocytes, endothelial cells of blood vessels, and neurons in the brain and peripheral nervous system. NO is handled in the body quite differently from other autacoids and neurotransmitters such as the biogenic amines. Whereas the latter are generally stored in vesicles, released by exocytosis, and act at specific receptor proteins on adjacent cells, NO is formed on demand by the action of NO synthase (NOS) on arginine and diffuses to adjacent target cells, where its best characterized "receptor" is the iron at the active site of guanylyl cyclase. This type of intercellular signaling is similar to that used by autacoid messengers, such as prostaglandins. Biologic NO formation was discovered as a physiological regulator molecule independently in blood vessels, macrophages, and, subsequently, neurons. Classic studies of Furchgott and Zawadzki' addressed the obligatory role of endothelium in the vascular relaxation produced by acetylcholine. In vessel segments precontracted with norepinephrine, acetylcholine elicited relaxation only if the endothelium was present, suggesting endothelial release of a substance that diffuses to the smooth muscle. This "endothelium-derived relaxing factor" (EDRF), which in some physiological systems has a half-life of only 3 to 5 seconds, was eventually determined to be NO23 and has subsequently been shown to be the active vasodilating metabolite of nitroglycerin and other organic nitrates.4 More recently, NO has been shown to circulate as an S-nitrosoadduct of serum albumin, which may serve to increase its half-life in blood.5 In macrophages, NO may account for tumoricidal and bactericidal actions. These effects are blocked by deletion of the NO precursor arginine from the medium or by adding derivatives of arginine, such as NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), which compete with arginine for NOS and thus inhibit NO formation. In addition to macrophages, neutrophils possess active NOS. Whether NO formed from inducible NOS fully
Integrating Traffic Data Stream with Public Route Planning Algorithm and Personalizing it for the End Users

Route suggestions for public transportation has been integrated to different mapping services such as Google Maps or Bing Maps. However, those suggestions are often found to be unreliable for the end-users, mainly because of two reasons. Firstly, these route-finding techniques do not consider traffic conditions on the roads. Secondly, routes are generalized for every user, completely ignoring their commuting patterns. We propose an architecture with a modified routing algorithm that aims to solve both the problems. Our system incorporates both real-time and historical traffic-data into public-transit routing framework. We also personalize transit routes for users by analyzing their commuting behavior. By experiments, we show that our system significantly improves the quality of route-suggestions compared to stateof-the-art techniques with minimal overhead (as low as 20 ms for a 3 km long route).
Human Neuroscience

The degree of early life stress predicts decreased medial prefrontal activations and the shift from internally to externally guided decision making: an exploratory NIRS study during resting state and self-oriented task Takashi Nakao and Tomoya Matsumoto have contributed equally to this work. Early life stress (ELS), an important risk factor for psychopathology in mental disorders, is associated neuronally with decreased functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) in the resting state. Moreover, it is linked with greater deactivation in DMN during a working memory task. Although DMN shows large amplitudes of very low-frequency oscillations (VLFO) and strong involvement during self-oriented tasks, these features' relation to ELS remains unclear. Therefore, our preliminary study investigated the relationship between ELS and the degree of frontal activations during a resting state and self-oriented task using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). From 22 healthy participants , regional hemodynamic changes in 43 front-temporal channels were recorded during 5 min resting states, and execution of a self-oriented task (color-preference judgment) and a control task (color-similarity judgment). Using a child abuse and trauma scale, ELS was quantified. We observed that ELS showed a negative correlation with medial pre-frontal cortex (MPFC) activation during both resting state and color-preference judgment. In contrast, no significant correlation was found between ELS and MPFC activation during color-similarity judgment. Additionally, we observed that ELS and the MPFC activation during color-preference judgment were associated behaviorally with the rate of similar color choice in preference judgment, which suggests that, for participants with higher ELS, decisions in the color-preference judgment were based on an external criterion (color similarity) rather than an internal criterion (subjective preference). Taken together, our neuronal and behavioral findings show that high ELS is related to lower MPFC activation during both rest and self-oriented tasks. This is behaviorally manifest in an abnormal shift from internally to externally guided decision making, even under circumstances where internal guidance is required.