Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vertical Structure and Microphysical Characteristics of Frontal Systems Passing over a Three-Dimensional Coastal Mountain Range

As midlatitude cyclones pass over a coastal mountain range, the processes producing their clouds and precipitation are modified, leading to considerable spatial variability in precipitation amount and composition. Statistical diagrams of airborne precipitation radar transects, surface precipitation measurements, and particle size distributions are examined from nine cases observed during the Olympic Mountains Experiment (OLYMPEX). Although the pattern of windward enhancement and leeside diminishment of precipitation was omnipresent, the degree of modulation was largely controlled by the synoptic environment associated with the prefrontal, warm, and postfrontal sectors of midlatitude cyclones. Prefrontal sectors contained homogeneous stratiform precipitation with a slightly enhanced ice layer on the windward slopes and rapid diminishment to a near-complete rain shadow in the lee. Warm sectors contained deep, intense enhancement over both the windward slopes and high terrain and less prominent rain shadows owing to downstream spillover of ice particles generated over terrain. Surface particle size distributions in the warm sector contained a broad spectrum of sizes and concentrations of raindrops on the lower windward side where high precipitation rates were achieved from varying degrees of both liquid and ice precipitation-generating processes. Spillover precipitation was rather homogeneous in nature and lacked the undulations in particle size and concentration that occurred at the windward sites. Postfrontal precipitation transitioned from isolated convective cells over ocean to a shallow, mixed convective–stratiform composition with broader coverage and greater precipitation rates over the sloping terrain.
Fast and Robust Semidirect Monocular Visual-Inertial Odometry for UAV

State estimation is critical for achieving autonomous navigation of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). We present a fast and robust monocular visual-inertial odometry (VIO) algorithm, which achieves real-time pose estimation for UAV. A semidirect method for tracking is used in the front end to address the problem of the slow running speed of traditional VIO on onboard computing platforms, which preserves the fast performance of direct methods and the robustness of feature-based methods. Edgelet features are added to the Shi–Tomasi feature extraction to enhance the robustness of VIO in low-texture environments. Furthermore, a quadtree-based feature extraction algorithm is employed to filter features, which effectively addresses the issue of feature accumulation. In the back end of the VIO system, a sliding-window-based nonlinear optimization method is used to fuse image and inertial information. We evaluate our approach on the public European robotics challenges micro aerial vehicle (EuRoC MAV) dataset and compare it with the state-of-the-art VIO algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed VIO system is capable of operating in challenging scenarios with fast motion, image blur, and weak texture features. Moreover, our proposed VIO system achieves comparable accuracy to the state-of-the-art VIO algorithms while improving tracking speed by 54.28% compared to VINS-Mono.
ATM/Chk2 and ATR/Chk1 Pathways Respond to DNA Damage Induced by Movento® 240SC and Envidor® 240SC Keto-Enol Insecticides in the Germarium of Drosophila melanogaster

DNA damage response (DDR) pathways in keto-enol genotoxicity have not been characterized, and few studies have reported genotoxic effects in non-target organisms. The present study shows that concentrations of 11.2, 22.4, 37.3 mg/L of Movento® 240SC and 12.3, 24.6, 41.1 mg/L of Envidor® 240SC for 72 h oral exposure induced DSBs by significantly increasing the percentage of γH2AV expression in regions 2b and 3 from the germarium of wild type females of Drosophila melanogaster Oregon R, compared to the control group (0.0 mg/L of insecticides), via confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. The comparison between both insecticides’ reveals that only the Envidor® 240SC induces concentration-dependent DNA damage, as well as structural changes in the germarium. We determined that the DDR induced by Movento® 240SC depends on the activation of the ATMtefu, Chk1grp and Chk2lok kinases by significantly increasing the percentage of expression of γH2AV in regions 2b and 3 of the germarium, and that ATRmei−29D and p53dp53 kinases only respond at the highest concentration of 37.3 mg/L of Movento® 240SC. With the Envidor® 240SC insecticide, we determined that the DDR depends on the activation of the ATRmei−29D/Chk1grp and ATMtefu/Chk2lok kinases, and p53dp53 by significantly increasing the percentage of expression of γH2AV in the germarium.
The Beneficial Effect of Resveratrol on the Quality of Frozen-Thawed Boar Sperm

Simple Summary Cryopreservation protocol induces reactive oxygen species formation and leads to a decrease in post-thawed sperm quality and fertilizing capacity. We investigated the effect of resveratrol and its optimal concentration on the quality of post-thawed boar semen and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). Our investigations showed that the supplement of 50–100 µM resveratrol enhanced the quality of the post-thawed semen and decreased the MDA level. However, the maximum concentration of resveratrol (250 µM) tended to decrease sperm motility, sperm viability, intact acrosomes, and mitochondrial membrane potential. The protective or cytotoxic effect of resveratrol on the quality of frozen boar sperm depends on the concentration of resveratrol and extender composition as well as limiting antioxidant uptake capacity in sperm. Abstract This study aimed to determine the effect of resveratrol and its optimal concentration on the quality of frozen-thawed (FT) boar sperm. Semen ejaculates were obtained from 13 Duroc boars aged between 1.5 and 3 years. The sperm sample was separated into 7 groups based on the concentrations of resveratrol in the freezing extender, which were 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 250 µM, respectively. The sperm was frozen using liquid nitrogen vapor and thawed at 50 °C for 12 s. After thawing, total motility, progressive motility, viability, intact acrosomes, mitochondrial membrane potential and level of MDA were assessed. The supplementation of 50–100 µM resveratrol improved the sperm motility and viability of FT sperm in comparison to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the 50 µM resveratrol group was significantly more protective than the control group in terms of intact acrosome, mitochondrial membrane potential, and level of MDA (p < 0.05). Nonetheless, the detrimental effect of resveratrol was found at a concentration of 250 µM. In conclusion, the addition of 50–100 µM resveratrol to a freezing extender is the optimal concentration for enhancing the quality of cryopreserved boar sperm.
Coarray Tensor-Based Angle Estimation for Bistatic MIMO Radar With a Dilated Moving Receive Array

Utilizing sparse arrays is a very effective and commonly used method to enhance the degrees of freedom (DOFs) of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar. Unfortunately, as research on sparse arrays has matured, it has become difficult to greatly improve the DOFs by relying on array structure design only. Moreover, the existing angle estimation methods for sparse MIMO radar would process data under a matrix-based framework rather than the entire coarray tensor, thus suffering some loss in angle estimation performance. In this article, we extend the DOFs of MIMO radar by exploiting sparse array motion and propose an angle estimation method exploiting coarray tensor. First, we not only use sparse arrays at the transmitter and receiver parts of MIMO radar but also dilate the interelement spacing of the receive array on a moving platform. We set the transmitted signal as periodic, and further expand the DOFs and virtual aperture of MIMO radar by using the aperture synthesis technique introduced by array motion. Second, we build a self-correlation tensor model and reshape it to produce an optimal tensor with the highest DOFs that can be obtained under the uniqueness condition of parallel factor decomposition. Third, we theoretically analyze the achievable DOFs of the proposed method and show that the maximum number of detectable targets of bistatic MIMO radar can be increased to about three times. Simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the superior estimation performance of our proposed method.
Association between maternal rheumatoid arthritis and small for gestational age neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background According to reports, maternal rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been suggested as a possible adverse factor for developing small for gestational age (SGA) in offspring. However, some studies have also indicated a need for a more statistically significant association between the two. Understanding the relationship between maternal RA and the risk of SGA is crucial for identifying potential adverse outcomes and implementing appropriate interventions. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the association between maternal RA and the risk of offspring developing SGA. Methods This study was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (ID: CRD42022357590). A systematic literature search was conducted to identify eligible studies up to August 2022. Quality assessment was performed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The Q test and I2 test tested and estimated heterogeneity among studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI were calculated using random or fixed effects models depending on the heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias assessments were also performed. Results Seven studies, including 12,323,918 participants, were included in the analysis. The results showed a statistically significant association between maternal RA and SGA (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.29–2.23, p < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis showed stable results. The funnel plot of the symmetric distribution and the results of Begg’s and Egger’s tests showed no publication bias. Conclusion Maternal RA is associated with an increased risk of SGA in offspring. However, more studies are still needed to explore the potential mechanisms underlying maternal RA and SGA association. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/PROSPERO/, identifier [CRD42022357590].
Ability of a hydrogen atom to be adsorbed on the 2D silicon carbide

Hydrogen bonding on two-dimensional silicon carbide (2D SiC) was studied using molecular dynamics and ab initio calculations. By investigating a converged density functional theory (DFT) calculation, the stable bonding sites of a hydrogen atom on the 2D SiC were found at the top sites (T Si and T C , of which T Si is a more stable adsorption site). The adsorption investigation of the H/SiC system showed the local change in the SiC lattice. The calculated band gap is about 2.2 eV, which was compared with previous studies.
Uniformly shaped harmonization combines human transcriptomic data from different platforms while retaining their biological properties and differential gene expression patterns

Introduction: Co-normalization of RNA profiles obtained using different experimental platforms and protocols opens avenue for comprehensive comparison of relevant features like differentially expressed genes associated with disease. Currently, most of bioinformatic tools enable normalization in a flexible format that depends on the individual datasets under analysis. Thus, the output data of such normalizations will be poorly compatible with each other. Recently we proposed a new approach to gene expression data normalization termed Shambhala which returns harmonized data in a uniform shape, where every expression profile is transformed into a pre-defined universal format. We previously showed that following shambhalization of human RNA profiles, overall tissue-specific clustering features are strongly retained while platform-specific clustering is dramatically reduced. Methods: Here, we tested Shambhala performance in retention of fold-change gene expression features and other functional characteristics of gene clusters such as pathway activation levels and predicted cancer drug activity scores. Results: Using 6,793 cancer and 11,135 normal tissue gene expression profiles from the literature and experimental datasets, we applied twelve performance criteria for different versions of Shambhala and other methods of transcriptomic harmonization with flexible output data format. Such criteria dealt with the biological type classifiers, hierarchical clustering, correlation/regression properties, stability of drug efficiency scores, and data quality for using machine learning classifiers. Discussion: Shambhala-2 harmonizer demonstrated the best results with the close to 1 correlation and linear regression coefficients for the comparison of training vs validation datasets and more than two times lesser instability for calculation of drug efficiency scores compared to other methods.
Optical Properties of Light-Scattering Standards for CCD Photometry

This paper analyzes the light-scattering standards currently used for calibration (verification) and systematic research in photo and spectrophotometry tools. The application specificities in studying the diffuse reflected and transmitted light during biomedical CCD photometry are considered. The advantages of a new class of photometers with non-spherical reflectors as ellipsoids of revolution truncated along the focal planes with the internal mirror surface are presented. The ellipsoid first focal plane is combined with the surface of the under-study media, and the second is optically coupled to the CCD image sensor plane. The principles of zone analysis of spatial distribution reproduced in photometric images on a CCD sensor are substantiated. The illuminance levels of photometric image areas in reflected and transmitted light from the thickness of the standard for the wavelength of laser radiation of 650 nm of different power was experimentally investigated. Polynomial dependences were obtained, and regression coefficients of the illuminance of the external and middle rings in photometric images for the reflected and transmitted light on the laser power were determined.
Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among adolescents in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

AIM: To determine the prevalence of malocclusions and the need for orthodontic treatment in a sample of school-going adolescents in the Najran city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1094 school-going Saudi male adolescents. The age range of the sampled adolescents was 13–18 years, and none of them had any history of orthodontic treatment. A survey chart related to malocclusion was designed and filled up after clinical examination by a single experienced and calibrated examiner. The need for orthodontic treatment was assessed using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). RESULT: The present study's findings demonstrated 61.2% of the samples with Angle's Class I malocclusions, 27.5% with Class II, and 11.4% of samples with Class III malocclusion. A significant difference was observed between the different classes of malocclusion (P < 0.001). Most samples presented normal overjet, crossbite, and no reverse overjet, deep bite, or open bite. The number of samples with no treatment need was 573 (52.37%), with slight treatment in 185 (16.91%) samples, moderate treatment needs in 123 (11.24%) samples, and severe and extreme treatment needs were 109 (9.96%) and 104 (9.50%), respectively. A significant difference was observed between the samples with no or slight treatment need (grades 1 and 2), moderate need (grade 3), and definite treatment need (grades 4 and 5) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of malocclusion and IOTNs among the sample of school-going adolescents in the Najran city was 47.63%. However, 9.63% of those samples required immediate attention for orthodontic treatment.
Remote Sensing of Fast Ice in Lützowholmbukta, East Antarctica, using Satellite NOAA-7, 8 and Aircraft (Abstract)

Lützowholmbukta, East Antarctica, is covered by fast ice except during a short period in April and May, but occasionally the ice cover breaks up and floats out of the bay. The fast ice was observed every day using NOAA-7, 8 infra-red imagery. The satellite signal was received at Syowa Station, located on Ongul Island. In addition, aerial photographs and video pictures were taken using aircraft every fortnight. In 1983, before the break-up of the fast ice in April, a distinctive increase of the infra-red radiance (NOAA AVHRR) was observed, even though the aerial observation showed no change. The increase of the radiance was estimated to be 5°C. It was in this area, where the higher infra-red signal was observed, where the fast ice broke up. In December, in the central part of the northern area of the fast ice, the hummock-ice zone formed in a triangular shape. Before the hummock-ice zone floated out, observation of the infra-red radiance showed that the temperature of the ice had decreased by 3°C.
The Implementation of Visual Grammar in Slovene Classes to Mother Tongue Speakers

The discussion focuses on the implementation of visual grammar in the study program for primary school teachers in the course Slovene language 1 - basics of text. It points out the theoretical premises of the Systemic Functional and Visual Grammar as the basis for discussing the multimodal texts, and along with a case study (34 student exam solutions) and findings from practice, presents the more challenging areas of student acquisition of theory and metalanguage. It justifies the need and shows the possibility of teaching multimodal textual analysis in school education.
Moose to Moccasins: The Story of Ka Kita Wa Pa No Kwe

Born in a tent on Bear Island, Lake Temagami, in 1908, Madeline Katt Theriault recalls an earlier independent and traditional lifestyle in the area more recently the subject of media attention through environmental concerns, native land claims and logging controversies. The author proudly recalls her youth through vivid memories and by drawing on exceptional old family photographs. In her own words, she writes of a time long ago. A time that was difficult but not without personal rewards. "Moose to Moccasins is a remarkable account by Madeline Theriault or Ka Kita Wa Pa No Kwe ('Wise Day Woman') who, in her own words, has lived 'in both cultures, Indian and white man's. ' From her birth in the Temagami region in 1908, to her life in North Bay in the 1970s and 1980s, she takes the reader on a remarkable journey. We travel through the bush with her as a young girl. 'We killed animals only when needed and we could drink water anywhere. Our camp was always fresh; fresh balsam branches for our beds and floors in the camp. Such lively smells and the air was pure. ' We step back into another century, into another universe. There is a wealth of information in these pages about a people, and a way of life, about which most non-natives know almost nothing. "- Donald B. Smith, Professor of History, University of Calgary
LINC01605 Is a Novel Target of Mutant p53 in Breast and Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines

TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers. Most TP53 genomic alterations are missense mutations, which cause a loss of its tumour suppressor functions while providing mutant p53 (mut_p53) with oncogenic features (gain-of-function). Loss of p53 tumour suppressor functions alters the transcription of both protein-coding and non-protein-coding genes. Gain-of-function of mut_p53 triggers modification in gene expression as well; however, the impact of mut_p53 on the transcription of the non-protein-coding genes and whether these non-protein-coding genes affect oncogenic properties of cancer cell lines are not fully explored. In this study, we suggested that LINC01605 (also known as lincDUSP) is a long non-coding RNA regulated by mut_p53 and proved that mut_p53 directly regulates LINC01605 by binding to an enhancer region downstream of the LINC01605 locus. We also showed that the loss or downregulation of LINC01605 impairs cell migration in a breast cancer cell line. Eventually, by performing a combined analysis of RNA-seq data generated in mut_TP53-silenced and LINC01605 knockout cells, we showed that LINC01605 and mut_p53 share common gene pathways. Overall, our findings underline the importance of ncRNAs in the mut_p53 network in breast and ovarian cancer cell lines and in particular the importance of LINC01605 in mut_p53 pro-migratory pathways.
Homogeneity- and Stoichiometry-Induced Electrical and Optical Properties of Cu-Se Thin Films by RF Sputtering Power

P-type Cu-Se thin films were deposited on glass substrates at room temperature using radio frequency magnetron sputtering by a single multi-component CuSe2 target. When using a multi-component target, the impact of the sputtering power on the homogeneity and stoichiometry within the thin films should be investigated in the depth direction to demonstrate a secondary effect on the electrical and optical properties of the thin films. Systematic characterization of the Cu-Se thin films, including the morphology, microstructure, chemical composition, and depth-directional chemical bonding state and defect structure of the thin films, revealed that the sputtering power played an important role in the homogeneity and stoichiometry of the thin films. At very low and very high sputtering power levels, the Cu-Se thin films exhibited more deviations from stoichiometry, while an optimized sputtering power resulted in more homogenous thin films with improved stoichiometry across the entire thin film thickness in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profile, despite showing Se deficiency at all depths. A rapid decrease in carrier concentration, indicating a reduction in the net effect of total defects, was obtained at the optimized sputtering power with less deviation from stoichiometry in the Cu-Se thin films and the closest stoichiometric ratio at an intermediate depth.
Effect of Personality Traits and Demographics on the Employment Status of Latin American Students

Personality traits have been highlighted as factors that affect workers’ behaviour, such as their performance or labour engagement. However, little is currently known about the personality differences between Latin American university students who perform self-employment activities, those who are dependent workers and those who are nonworkers. This research fills this knowledge gap by assessing the influence of the personality traits of 758 university students from Latin America on their employment status. In addition, the effect of gender and age cohort on students’ employment status is assessed. A logistic regression analysis is conducted using the personality traits of the Big Six model, gender and belonging to the millennial generation as independent variables has been conducted. The results support the significant effect of openness, conscientiousness and extraversion on students' employment status. Likewise, effects of gender and age are found. The results contribute to a better understanding of how individual conditions may affect the work activity of university students with regard to dependent employment, self-employment and work inactivity. In addition, the results can guide efforts to support entrepreneurship through the design of effective training programmes according to the students' personality traits and demographic characteristics. Received: 9 May 2023 / Accepted: 27 July 2023 / Published: 5 September 2023