Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radar Observations of MJO and Kelvin Wave Interactions During DYNAMO/AMIE/CINDY2011

The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), a tropical phenomenon that exists on the time scale of 30-90 days, commonly initiates over the Indian Ocean and slowly propagates into the western Pacific as a series of convective events, which have time scales on the order of hours or days. These events and the overall MJO convective envelope may interact with convectively coupled waves such as Kelvin waves that propagate more rapidly eastward with time scales of 3-5 days. Radar and sounding data collected during the DYNAMO/AMIE/CINDY2011 field campaign from October 2011 to February 2012 in the central Indian Ocean are used to study the interaction between Kelvin waves and the MJO in terms of atmospheric and cloud properties. The focus is on characterizing the precipitation characteristics, convective cloud spectrum, and atmospheric profiles of Kelvin waves during the active and suppressed phases of the MJO to gain insight on MJO initiation. Characteristics of waves identified using different satellite thresholds and filtering methods are compared. Composites of the radar and sounding observations are calculated for a total of ten Kelvin waves and three MJO events that occurred during the field campaign. Analyzed radar products include convective-stratiform classification of rain rate, rain area, and echo-top heights, as well as cloud boundaries. Sounding data includes profiles of wind speed and direction and relative humidity. Kelvin waves that occur during the suppressed MJO are convectively weaker than Kelvin waves during the active MJO, but display previously documented structure of low-level convergence and a moist atmosphere prior to the wave passage. During the active MJO, Kelvin waves have stronger convective and stratiform rain, and the entire event is longer, suggesting a slower moving wave. The Kelvin wave vertical structure
Genes, Related to Trastuzumab and Lapatinib Resistance in Breast Cancer: Bioinformatic Analysis and Comprehensive Review

Trastuzumab and lapatinib are commonly used medicals for therapy of HER2-Enriched Breast Cancer. In this study, we discovered the genes, that make the clinical effort in the resistance to the therapy, with the usage of modern bioinformatic tools and meta-analysis of current tendencies in the clinic. We have searched for genes, which expression levels can predict the response to trastuzumab and lapatinib, found the differences between sensitive and resistant groups. Final gene signatures were chosen from the pool of differentially expressed genes. We have merged the results with the data from open sources and made a gene network. Finally, we have found genes which expression is reliably connected with the sensitivity or resistance to the therapy and discovered previously not well-known most likely potentially significant genes. Our research will be modified and refined. The results will be of interest both to the scientific community in terms of a more detailed description of the signatures we have identified, and useful in the clinic to provide a more targeted approach in the treatment of breast cancer.
The Northern Humboldt Current Ecosystem and its resource dynamics: Insights from a trophic modeling and time series analysis

The Northern Humboldt Current Ecosystem (NHCE) is one of the most productive in the world. Wind-driven coastal upwelling brings cool, nutrient-rich water to the photic zone where rich plankton communities develop. This high productivity supports large populations of small plankton-grazing pelagic fish, which are an important food source for many higher predators and support a large fish meal industry. The NHCE is subject to strong interannual environmental variability from the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which has direct and indirect effects on the biotic components of the ecosystem. This complex mixture of environmental, trophic, and human influences calls for a holistic approach for management. This thesis contributes to our understanding of the NHCE by shedding light on the changes in energy flow that occur during strong "El Nino" events (warm phase of ENSO) as well as differentiating between the relative importance of environmental, trophic, and human influences in reproducing historical changes in fisheries resources. Methods included the application of time-series and trophic modeling analyses for two NHCE subsystems of different scale: i) the nearshore benthic ecosystems of Independencia Bay and Sechura Bay (2 models, include the area of <30m depth), and ii) the larger coastal upwelling system (4°-16°S with a 110km extension from the coast). Comparisons of steady-state trophic models between a normal upwelling year (~1995/96) and a strong El Nino year (1997/98) describe the changes in energy flow structure. Longer-term dynamics were explored with multivariate analyses for the scallop species Argopecten purpuratus, and with dynamic simulations of the trophic model. Results show that during normal upwelling the NHCE is quite efficient on a large scale, with most energy utilized (3.6% of total flows are exports). The nearshore subsystem is much less efficient (~28% of total flows are exports) due to higher primary production and low oxygen concentrations, preventing efficient utilization by primary consumers. During El Nino, both subsystems show increased overall efficiency due primarily to improved usage of the (reduced) primary production. El Nino appears to negatively affect flows at higher trophic levels most, as observed through statistics of flow organization and development (relative ascendancy, A/C) and cycling of energy (predatory cycling index, PCI). Explorations of dynamics revealed a dominance of bottom-up control among predator-prey interactions. The larger coastal upwelling subsystem showed a higher importance of trophic interactions on dynamics than the nearshore benthic system. Fishing-related changes are also more important in the larger upwelling system, while dynamics appear to be dominated by environmental effects in the nearshore subsystem.
Effects of Fear and Anger on Perceived Risks of Terrorism

The aftermath of September 11th highlights the need to understand how emotion affects citizens' responses to risk. It also provides an opportunity to test current theories of such effects. On the basis of appraisal-tendency theory, we predicted opposite effects for anger and fear on risk judgments and policy preferences. In a nationally representative sample of Americans (N = 973, ages 13–88), fear increased risk estimates and plans for precautionary measures; anger did the opposite. These patterns emerged with both experimentally induced emotions and naturally occurring ones. Males had less pessimistic risk estimates than did females, emotion differences explaining 60 to 80% of the gender difference. Emotions also predicted diverging public policy preferences. Discussion focuses on theoretical, methodological, and policy implications.
A Content-Based Authentication Using Digital Speech Data

A watermarking technique for speech content and speaker authentication scheme, which is based on using abstracts of speech features relevant to semantic meaning and combined with an ID for the speaker is proposed in this paper. The ID which, represents the watermark for the speaker, is embedded using spread spectrum technique. While the extracted abstracts of speech features are used to represents the watermark for the speech, is embedded in the original speech file using secret key. The abstracts speech feature is implemented using B-spline curve interpolation. The paper provides a background knowledge for the concept of speaker watermarking and content-fragile watermarking based on digital speech data. Then, the suggested feature based authentication scheme is develop and the results from the evaluation are presented. It shows that the suggested scheme is successful for combining speech and speaker watermark authentication.
The Eyes Have It: Visual Feedback Methods to Make Walking in Immersive Virtual Reality More Accessible for People With Mobility Impairments While Utilizing Head-Mounted Displays

The use of Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) in Virtual Reality (VR) can cause gait disturbance problems for users because they are unable to see the real world while in VR. This is particularly challenging for individuals with mobility impairments who rely heavily on visual cues to maintain balance. The limited research that has been conducted on this issue has not focused on ways to solve it. IN this study, we investigated how different visual feedback methods affect walking patterns (i.e., gait) in VR. The study involved 50 participants, including 25 individuals with mobility impairments due to multiple sclerosis and 25 without mobility impairments. The participants completed timed walking tasks in both the real world and in VR environments that included various types of visual feedback, such as spatial, static, and rhythmic. The results showed that static and rhythmic visual feedback significantly improved gait performance in VR for people with mobility impairments compared to no visual feedback in VR. The results will help to make more accessible virtual environments for people with mobility impairments.
The relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal parasites in individuals from Khartoum state, Sudan: a

In developing countries, infection is Background: Helicobacter pylori common, as are intestinal parasites. Socioeconomic circumstances and low personal hygiene lead to the spread of these infections. This research aimed to evaluate the relationship between intestinal parasites and H. pylori in Khartoum, Sudan. This study was conducted in various hospitals in Khartoum Methods: between June and October 2018. The study involved 200 individuals: 100 patients with as a case group and 100 healthy individuals as a H. pylori control group. A stool sample was taken from each individual, and wet preparation, saturated sodium chloride flotation and formal ether concentration were used to detect intestinal parasites. The results showed that 23% of patients and 10% of Results: H. pylori healthy individuals had gastrointestinal parasites; Entamoeba histolytica was found in 12% of cases followed by (7%) and H. pylori Entamoeba coli (4%). Control group: in 5% followed Giardia lamblia Entamoeba histolytica by in 3% and E. coli in 2% of individuals. There was a significant G. lamblia difference in the prevalence of intestinal parasites between groups (P = 0.013). The prevalence rate of intestinal parasites among men and women was 24% and 22%, respectively, in the case group, and 9% and 11%, respectively, in the control group. In the case group, the highest prevalence rates (40% and 38%) were found among the age groups 1-15 and 46-60 years old, respectively, while the lowest rate (10.7%) was found among the 31-45 age group. In the control group, the highest prevalence rate (15%) was among the 31-45 age group, the lowest prevalence rate (8%) was found among the 16-30 age group. Together, we found that intestinal parasites are more Conclusion: common in patients with . We also noticed that the rate of infection H. pylori was not affected by gender while the age group was affected.
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURE IN OECD COUNTRIES SINCE 1990: Turkey Country Section

This country section is an extract from chapter 3 of the OECD publication (2008) Environmental Performance of Agriculture in OECD countries since 1990, which is available at the OECD website indicated below. A summary version of this report is published as Environmental Performance of Agriculture: At a Glance, see the OECD website which also contains the agri-environmental indicator time series database at: 1.1. Agricultural production and land 1.2. Nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus balances) 1.3. Pesticides (use and risks) 1.4. Energy (direct on-farm energy consumption) 1.5. Soil (water and wind soil erosion) 1.6. Water (water use and water quality) 1.7. Air (ammonia, methyl bromide (ozone depletion) and greenhouse gases) 1.8. Biodiversity (genetic, species, habitat) Each of the 30 OECD country reviews (plus a summary for the EU) are structured as follows: Structure This chapter provides an analysis of the trends of environmental conditions related to agriculture for each of the 30 OECD member countries since 1990, including an overview of the European Union, and the supporting agri-environmental database can be accessed at www.oecd. org/tad/env/indicators. Valuable input for each country section was provided by member countries, in addition to other sources noted below. The country sections are introduced by a figure showing the national agri-environmental and economic profile over the period 2002-04, followed by the text, structured as follows: ● Agricultural sector trends and policy context: The policy description in this section draws on various OECD policy databases, including the Inventory of Policy Measures Addressing Environmental Issues in Agriculture (● Environmental performance of agriculture: The review of environmental performance draws on the country responses to the OECD agri-environmental questionnaires (unpublished) provided by countries and the OECD agri-environmental database supporting Chapter 1 (see website above). ● Overall agri-environmental performance: This section gives a summary overview and concluding comments. ● Bibliography: The OECD Secretariat, with the help of member countries, has made an extensive search of the literature for each country section. While this largely draws on literature available in English and French, in many cases member countries provided translation of relevant literature in other languages. At the end of each country section a standardised page is provided consisting of three figures. The first figure, which is the same for every country, compares respective national performance against the OECD overall average for the period since 1990. The other two figures focus on specific agri-environmental themes important to each respective country. Additional information is also provided …
Shared Decision-Making: A Phenomenological Study of Student Service Learning

The concept of collaborative shared decision-making began with the quality assurance and research efforts associated with the late 1970’s effort of the United States of America President Jimmy Carter. The value of service-learning has been well documented in medical and allied health education. Several studies have examined the cultural experiences and clinical reasoning abilities of persons involved in service-learning. What has not been well-examined is the concept of shared decision-making by those engaged in service-learning. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to identify how Occupational Therapy (OT) and Physical Therapy (PT) students defined shared decision-making while engaged in a weeklong international service-learning experience with an underserved population in Guatemala City, Guatemala. Through facilitated and recorded discussion, the researchers used qualitative methods to unearth the lived experience and shared decision-making of student participants during the daily service-learning activities. Concepts related to a shared decision-making definition evolved during the week of service-learning for these students. Thoughtful reflection identified processes whereby collective problem-solving contributed to both student experiential learning while addressing the broader needs of the client and the underserved population. Participants defined shared decision-making as a collaborative and interprofessional experience. The beliefs and values of team members, including the patient/client, were found to be influential and relevant to the definition.
Effects of Peer Firms’ Government Certification on Focal Firm's Innovation Investment

Researchers have investigated how receiving certification (i.e., from the government) affects a firm's investment in innovation. However, previous studies have paid little attention to the influence of the certification of peer firms on a focal firm's investment in innovation. Drawing from the literature on competitive dynamics and the awareness–motivation–capability (AMC) framework, in this article, we propose an indirect “certification spillover effect,” where the extent to which the high-tech enterprises (HTEs) certification of peer firms in the industry positively affects the focal firm's investment in innovation. We further argue that this relationship is contingent on the awareness (i.e., HTE-certified industry peer firm's size), motivation (i.e., financial performance gap between HTE-certified industry peer firms and focal firm), and capability (i.e., top management team members have backgrounds in research and development) of the focal firm to react to competitive tension from its industry peers. Using data from Chinese-listed manufacturing firms from 2008 to 2017, we find support for our theory. We contribute to research on the antecedents of innovation, the role of certification, and extend the AMC framework to a new context.
Synthesis , Crystal Structure , Hirshfeld Surface Analysis , and Physicochemical Study of an Anhydrous Organic Acidic

studies on both monophosphates and condensed phosphates have been reported with various structures investigating hybrid compounds as well as complex materials [3–8]. In this context, the sudy of hybrid cyclohexaphosphates have been developed since the identification of the Li6P6O18 salt (Schûlke et al.) [9]. This salt was then used as a starting material to prepare organic, inorganic or complex cyclohexaphosphates. Despite this possibility of synthesis, the study of hybrid cyclohexaphosphates remains limited with compare to others hybrid compounds with simple anions as monophosphates, sulfates, nitrates and perchlorates due to their easiest protocol of synthesis. Several synthetic parameters are involved in determining the final structure of these materials such as temperature, pH and the organic amine used as structure directing agent. The size, shape, and charge of the organic template may affect the process of assembly, hence the important role of the choosed amine in the construction of obtained structures. The literature shows various organic and/or inorganic cyclohexaphosphates but the study and the development of structures with acidic phosphoric anions are very limited and even for the two reported acidic hybrid cyclohexaphosphates [10, 11], we note that their studies were limited to the synthesis and crystallographic parameters. It has been shown also that the majority of synthesized cyclohexaphosphates are hydrated and only two of them are anhydrous; [C5H6ClN2]4H2P6O18 [11] and [m-C H3C6H4NH3]6P6O18 [12]. Furthermore, these materials are synthesized using organic amines with substituents in meta with respect to the amine function (-NH2). In continuation of our recent researches on condensed phosphates [13–15], in this paper, we report synthesis and characterization of a new anhydrous organic acidic cyclohexaphos-phate synthesized using the Abstract The new organic–inorganic hybrid [5-Cl2-(CH3)C6H3NH3]4H2P6O18 has been synthesized by the slow evaporation method. X-ray diffraction on a single crystal shows that this acidic cyclohexaphosphate crystallized in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 33.89(11) Å, b = 9.16(16) Å, c = 13.68(3) Å, β = 91.35(2)°, V = 4244.9(19) Å3 and Z = 4. 31P MASNMR and 13C CP/MAS-NMR results are in accordance with X-ray findings. Fluorescent study shows the blue photoluminescence. Furthermore, FT-IR analysis was studied and the complete vibrational assignments were done. Intermolecular interactions were analyzed using Hirshfeld surface analysis and the associated 2D fingerprint plots.
Semantic Segmentation and Regions of Interest for Obstacles Detection and Avoidance in Autonomous Surface Vessels

This paper proposes methodology for identifying and circumventing obstacles during the navigation of unmanned surface vessels (USVs). Our proposal leverages real-time visual data captured by onboard cameras to detect and avoid potential barriers. We start our pipeline processing with a convolutional neural network to provide semantic segmentation, aiming to reduce the number of features in the original images. Following we use a technique that we developed to determine the horizon line, which is identified in order to separate specific regions of interest in the image, thus reducing the computational cost. Through these results and the defined regions of interest, we apply traditional computer vision methods to detect obstacles that may be on a collision route with the vessel, as well as suggest a safe direction for the vessel to follow. We evaluate this work through a dataset of videos collected with a real USV operating under different lighting conditions, types of obstacles, and maritime traffic. Data augmentation is performed to provide a better training for the network. The experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, with accuracy which is above 90%.
Value of information analysis of geophysical data for drilling decisions

Value of Information (VOI) analysis is conducted for different geophysical data (seismic and electromagnetic data). VOI is a concept in decision theory for analysing the value of obtaining additional information, before purchasing and revealing the data. Gathering the right kind and amount of geophysical information is crucial for resolving difficult reservoir decision situations. We focus on drilling decisions, and structure situations according to the spatial decision alternatives and value function complexity. The geostatistical modeling plays an integral part of the prior decision making, and for the pre-posterior evaluation of the various data gathering schemes.
ADAR1 protects pulmonary macrophages from sepsis-induced pyroptosis and lung injury through miR-21/A20 signaling

Acute lung injury is a serious complication of sepsis with high morbidity and mortality. Pyroptosis is a proinflammatory form of programmed cell death that leads to immune dysregulation and organ dysfunction during sepsis. We previously found that adenosine deaminase acting on double-stranded RNA 1 (ADAR1) plays regulatory roles in the pathology of sepsis, but the mechanism of ADAR1 in sepsis-induced pyroptosis and lung injury remains unclear. Here, we mainly investigated the regulatory effects and underlying mechanism of ADAR1 in sepsis-induced lung injury and pyroptosis of pulmonary macrophages through RNA sequencing of clinical samples, caecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic mouse models, and in vitro cellular experiments using RAW264.7 cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The results showed that pyroptosis was activated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with sepsis. In the CLP-induced septic mouse model, pyroptosis was mainly activated in pulmonary macrophages. LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells showed significantly increased activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. ADAR1 was downregulated in PMBCs of patients with sepsis, and overexpression of ADAR1 alleviated CLP-induced lung injury and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Mechanistically, the regulatory effects of ADAR1 on macrophage pyroptosis were mediated by the miR-21/A20/NLRP3 signalling cascade. ADAR1 attenuated sepsis-induced lung injury and hindered the activation of pyroptosis in pulmonary macrophages in sepsis through the miR-21/A20/NLRP3 axis. Our study highlights the role of ADAR1 in protecting pulmonary macrophages against pyroptosis and suggests targeting ADAR1/miR-21 signalling as a therapeutic opportunity in sepsis-related lung injury.