Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gig-workers’ motivation: thinking beyond carrots and sticks

Purpose High-quality employee motivation can contribute to an organization’s long-term success by supporting employees’ well-being and performance. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of research concerning how organizations motivate workers in non-traditional work contexts. In the algocratic context of the gig-economy, the purpose of this paper is to understand the role that technology can play in motivating workers. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the self-determination theory, job-characteristic theory and enterprise social media research, this conceptual paper explores how the architecture of the digital labor platforms underlying the gig-economy (and the characteristics of jobs mediated through these IT artifacts) can impact key antecedents of self-motivation. Findings Combining theory and empirical evidence, this paper develops a mid-range theory demonstrating how organizations can support the self-motivation of gig-workers through the thoughtful design of their digital labor platforms and the integration of two social media tools (namely, social networking and social badging). Research limitations/implications This paper answers calls for psychologically-based research exploring the consequences of gig-work as well as research studying the impacts of advanced technologies in interaction with work contexts on motivation. In theorizing around a large set of social-contextual variables operating at different levels of analysis, this paper demonstrates that individual-level motivation can be influenced by both task-based and organizational-level factors, in addition to individual-level factors. Originality/value The proposed theory provides novel insight into how gig-organizations can leverage widely accessible social media technology to motivate platform workers in the absence of human supervision and support. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Replicatively senescent cells are arrested in G1 and G2 phases

Most human somatic cells do not divide indefinitely but enter a terminal growth arrest termed replicative senescence. Replicatively senescent cells are generally believed to arrest in G1 or G0 stage of the cell cycle. While doing cell cycle analysis on three different lines of normal human fibroblasts we observed that 36-60% of the replicatively senescent cells had 4N DNA content. Only up to 5% of senescent cells had more than one nucleus ruling out the possibility that the 4N cell population were G1-arrested bi-nucleated cells. Furthermore, it is unlikely that the 4N cells are tetraploids, because actively dividing pre-senescent cultures lacked the 8N tetraploid G2 population. Collectively these results suggest that the 4N population consists of G2 arrested cells. The notion that a large fraction of senescent cell population is arrested in G2 is important for understanding the biology of replicative senescence.
DESIGN , FABRICATION AND TESTING OF A MEMS SYRINGE

Drugs can be delivered effectively and painlessly into the epidermal layer under the stratum corneum above the capillary bed into which the drug diffuses. This approach has even been demonstrated for lyophilized compounds that are advantageous for many situations because of their long-term stability. For this purpose a disposable syringe has been developed and fabricated using a combination of standard silicon MEMS technology and soft lithography. The MEMS syringe is based on an array of hollow pointed silicon microneedles and a deformable PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) reservoir for a suspension of lyophilized drug. The associated phenomenon of clog formation in the needle channel due to shear-induced particle sedimentation is described in terms of its impact on system design. The complete system has been successfully tested on a model tissue.
Operational versus definitional: a perspective on programming paradigms

Various paradigms that support high-level programming are discussed independently of supporting languages. The paradigms are grouped according to their approach to problem solving. The operational approach describes step-by-step how to construct a solution. The demonstrational approach is a variation on it that illustrates the solution operationally for specific examples and lets the system generalize these example solutions for other cases. The definitional approach is different. It states properties about the solution to constrain it without describing how to compute it. These three approaches are viewed on a continuum from operational to definitional. A pure language solution to the problem of sorting a list into some linear order is presented for each paradigm. <<ETX>>
MicroRNAs, SNPs and Cancer

MiRNAs are probable regulators of cell events such as differentiation, propagation and apoptosis. These cellular phenomena are also associated with benign and malignant tumor cells, therefore, it is presumed that miRNAs act as natural oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Whether a particular miRNA serves as either could almost be moot when the additional problems of SNPs enter the fray. A miRNA involved with SNPs (miR-SNPs) on any regulatory level, whether naturally cancerinducing or not, could easily undergo an oncogenic transformation. This work reviews targets of miRNAs and the miRNAs themselves frequently containing SNPs reflecting different risks and markers of cancer with emphasis on familial groups and populations of shared heredity.
LEADERSHIP IN VIRTUAL TEAMS

Today’s organizations use virtual teams in order to respond to their dynamic environments. Members in virtual teams geographically dispersed and coordinate their work predominately via information and communication technology (ICT). Leadership in virtual teams need to redefined, it is surely different from the traditional one. In this paper we try to answer this question: How does ICT affect the leadership?
ORIENTATION CORRELATION IN SIMPLIFIED MODELS OF POLYMER MELTS

We investigate mutual local chain order in systems of fully flexible polymer melts in a simple generic bead-spring model. The excluded-volume interaction together with the connectivity leads to local ordering effects which are independent of chain length between 25 and 700 monomers, i.e. in the Rouse as well as in the reptation regime. These ordering phenomena extend to a distance of about 3 to 4 monomer sizes and decay to zero afterwards.
Trust Me

When a society is characterized by a climate of distrust, how does this impact the professional practices of news journalism? I focus on the practice of balance, or fair presentation of both sides in a story. I articulate a two-step model of how trust modulates the acceptance of testimony and draw out its implications for justifying the practice of balance.
Guava Psidium guajava seed flour and dry Aspergillus niger mycelium as nitrogen sources for the production of biomass and antimicrobial compounds produced by Weissella confusa

Background: The fermentation substrate efficiency of glucose supplemented with guava seed flour (GGSF) or glucose supplemented with dry Aspergillus niger mycelium (GANM) was evaluated during the production of biomass and antimicrobial compounds by the lactic acid bacteria Weissella confusa . Results: The fermentation substrate efficiency was measured by comparing the biomass formation, substrate consumption, substrate conversion, antimicrobial activity and product yield. The antimicrobial activity was measured against a commercial Staphylococcus aureus strain. The results were compared against fermentations performed in a commercial substrate (CS), the MRS (Man-Rogosa-Sharpe) substrate. The fermentations were performed discontinuously for 4 hrs at 100 rpm and 32oC. The biomass production exhibited a statistically significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) between treatments. The biomass production was 13.98% higher in the CS than in the GGSF and GANM substrates; however, there were no statistically significant differences for the specific growth rate. Conclusions: The GGSF and GANM substrates favored an antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus during the second and third hours of fermentation (inhibition diameter was 6.11% and 4.72%, respectively). The GGSF, GANM and CS substrates did not present statistically significant differences for the production of antimicrobial substances against Staphylococcus aureus . Therefore, GGSF and GANM can be considered as viable and economical alternative nitrogen sources for the production of the antimicrobial compounds formed by Weissella confusa in submerged fermentations .
A generative spectral model for semantic mapping of buildings

Consider a mobile robot exploring an initially unknown school building and assume that it has already discovered some classrooms, offices, and bathrooms. What can the robot infer about the presence and the locations of other classrooms and offices in the school building? This paper makes a step toward providing an answer to the above question by proposing a system based on a generative model that is able to represent the topological structures and the semantic labeling schemas of buildings and to predict the structure and the schema for unexplored portions of these environments. We represent the buildings as undirected graphs, whose nodes are rooms and edges are physical connections between them. Given an initial knowledge base of graphs, our approach, relying on a spectral analysis of these graphs, segments each graph for finding significant subgraphs and clusters them according to their similarity. A graph representing a new building or an unvisited part of a building is eventually generated by sampling subgraphs from clusters and connecting them.
A Hypomorphic Mutation Reveals a Stringent Requirement for the ATM Checkpoint Protein in Telomere Protection During Early Cell Division in Drosophila

Using Drosophila as a model system, we identified a stringent requirement for the conserved function of Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) in telomere protection during early embryonic development. Animals homozygous for a hypomorphic mutation in atm develop normally with minimal telomere dysfunction. However, mutant females produce inviable embryos that succumb to mitotic failure caused by covalent fusions of telomeric DNA. Interestingly, although the atm mutation encodes a premature stop codon, it must not have eliminated the production of the mutant protein, and the mutant protein retains kinase activity upon DNA damage. Moreover, although the embryonic phenotype of this mutation resembles that of hypomorphic mutations in the MRN complex, the function of MRN appears normal in the atm embryos. In contrast, there is a prominent reduction of the level of HipHop, an essential member of the Drosophila capping complex. How ATM functions in telomere protection remains poorly understood. The amenability of Drosophila embryos to molecular and biochemical investigations ensures that this newly identified mutation will facilitate future studies of ATM in telomere maintenance.
Using Defect Tracking and Analysis to Improve Software Quality

Defect tracking is a critical component to a successful software quality effor t. In fact, Robert Grady of Hewlett-Packard stated in 1996 that “software defect data is [the ] most important available management information source for software process improveme nt decisions,” and that “ignoring defect data can lead to serious consequences for an organization’s business” [Grady96]. However, classifying defects can be a difficult t ask. As Ostrand and Weyuker paraphrased a 1978 report by Thibodeau, defect classification schemes of that time period often had serious problems, including “ambiguous, overlapping, and incomplete categories, too many categories, and confusion of error causes, fault symptoms, and actual faults. ” [OstrandWeyuker84]. Yet the classific ation of defects is very important, and by examining the lessons learned by other organizations, one hopes to be in better position to implement or improve one’s own defect classification and analysis efforts. To this end, this report discusses five defect categorization and analysis efforts f rom four different organizations. This list of organizations should be taken as a sample of the range of schemes covered in research and in industry over the previous twenty-five years.
Iteration-complexity of block-decomposition algorithms and the alternating minimization augmented Lagrangian method

In this paper, we consider the monotone inclusion problem consisting of the sum of a continuous monotone map and a point-to-set maximal monotone operator with a separable two-block structure and introduce a framework of block-decomposition prox-type algorithms for solving it which allows for each one of the single-block proximal subproblems to be solved in an approximate sense. Moreover, by showing that any method in this framework is also a special instance of the hybrid proximal extragradient (HPE) method introduced by Solodov and Svaiter, we derive corresponding convergence rate results. We also describe some instances of the framework based on specific and inexpensive schemes for solving the singleblock proximal subproblems. Finally, we consider some applications of our methodology to: i) propose new algorithms for the monotone inclusion problem consisting of the sum of two maximal monotone operators, and; ii) study the complexity of the classical alternating minimization augmented Lagrangian method for a class of linearly constrained convex programming problems with proper closed convex objective functions.
Loss of Postsynaptic GABAA Receptor Clustering in Gephyrin-Deficient Mice

The tubulin-binding protein gephyrin, which anchors the inhibitory glycine receptor (GlyR) at postsynaptic sites, decorates GABAergic postsynaptic membranes in various brain regions, and postsynaptic gephyrin clusters are absent from cortical cultures of mice deficient for the GABAA receptor γ2 subunit. Here, we investigated the postsynaptic clustering of GABAA receptors in gephyrin knock-out (geph −/−) mice. Both in brain sections and cultured hippocampal neurons derived fromgeph −/− mice, synaptic GABAA receptor clusters containing either the γ2 or the α2 subunit were absent, whereas glutamate receptor subunits were normally localized at postsynaptic sites. Western blot analysis and electrophysiological recording revealed that normal levels of functional GABAAreceptors are expressed in geph −/− neurons, however the pool size of intracellular GABAA receptors appeared increased in the mutant cells. Thus, gephyrin is required for the synaptic localization of GlyRs and GABAA receptors containing the γ2 and/or α2 subunits but not for the targeting of these receptors to the neuronal plasma membrane. In addition, gephyrin may be important for efficient membrane insertion and/or metabolic stabilization of inhibitory receptors at developing postsynaptic sites.
Temperature effects on respiration and photosynthesis in three diatom-dominated benthic communities

Short-term temperature effects on respiration and photosynthesis were investigated in intact diatom-dominated benthic communities, collected at 2 temperate and 1 high-arctic subtidal sites. Areal rates of total (TOE) and diffusive (DOE) O2 exchange were determined from O2-microsen- sor measurements in intact sediment cores in the temperature range from 0 to 24°C in darkness and at 140 µmol photons m -2 s -1 . In darkness, the O2 consumption increased exponentially with increas- ing temperature for both TOE and DOE, and no optimum temperature was observed within the applied temperature range. Q10 was calculated from the linear slope in Arrhenius plots and ranged between 1.7 and 3.3 at the respective sites. The volume-specific rate (Rdark,vol) solely representing the biological temperature response was somewhat stronger, with Q10 values of 2.6 to 5.2. The Q10 values were overall not correlated to the in situ water temperature or geographical position. Accordingly, no difference in the temperature acclimation or adaptation strategy of the microbial community was observed. Slurred oxic sediment samples showed a Q10 of 1.7 and were, hence, lower than estimates based on intact sediment core measurements. This can be ascribed to changes in physical and biolog- ical controls during resuspension. Gross photosynthesis was measured with the light-dark shift method at the 2 temperate sites. Both areal (Pgross) and volumetric (Pgross,vol) rates increased with tem- perature to an optimum temperature at 12 and 15°C, with a Q10 for Pgross of 2.2 and 2.6 for the 2 sites, respectively. The gross photosynthesis response could be categorised as psychrotrophic for both sites and no temperature adaptation was observed between the 2 sites. Our measurements document that temperature stimulates heterotrophic activity more than gross photosynthesis, and that the benthic communities gradually become heterotrophic with increasing temperature. This has implications for C-cycling in shallow water communities experiencing seasonal and diel temperature fluctuations.
Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm for Association Rule Mining Using a Homogeneous Dedicated Cluster of Workstations

This study presents a fast and scalable multi-objective association rule mining technique using genetic algorithm from large database. The objective functions such as confidence factor, comprehensibility and interestingness can be thought of as different objectives of our association rule- mining problem and is treated as the basic input to the genetic algorithm. The outcomes of our algorithm are the set of non-dominated solutions. However, in data mining the quantity of data is growing rapidly both in size and dimensions. Furthermore, the multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) tends to be slow in comparison with most classical rule mining methods. Hence, to overcome these difficulties we propose a fast and scalability technique using the inherent parallel processing nature of genetic algorithm and a homogeneous dedicated network of workstations (NOWs). Our algorithm exploit both data and control parallelism by distributing the data being mined and the population of individuals across all available processors. The experimental result shows that the algorithm has been found suitable for large database with an encouraging speed up.
On explicit suboptimal LQR with state and input constraints

Optimal feedback solutions to the infinite-horizon LQR problem with state and input constraints based on receding horizon real-time quadratic programming are well known. In this paper we develop an explicit solution to the same problem, eliminating the need for real-time optimization. A suboptimal strategy, based on a suboptimal choice of a finite horizon and imposing additional limitations on the allowed switching between active constraint sets on the horizon, is suggested in order to address the computer memory and processing capacity requirements of the explicit solution. It is shown that the resulting feedback controller is piecewise linear, and the piecewise linear structure is exploited for computational analysis of stability and performance as well as efficient real-time implementation.
From Word Hypotheses to Logical Form: an Eecient Interleaved Approach from Word Hypotheses to Logical Form: an Eecient Interleaved Approach

Gehh ort zum Antragsabschnitt: 15.7 Architektur integrierter Parser f ur gesprochene Sprache 15.8 Nichtsyntaktische Information f ur die semantische Auswertung Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde im Rahmen des Verbundvorhabens Verbmobil vom Bundesministerium f ur Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie (BMBF) unter dem FF orderkennzeichen 01 IV 101 G geff ordert. Die Verantwor-tung f ur den Inhalt dieser Arbeit liegt bei den Autoren. Abstract This paper revisits word lattice search whose task is to nd a plausible semantic interpretation for a given utterance. Our approach of interleaved search and analysis is designed to break the frontier of \toy" applications. The framework is implemented in two interacting modules, running in parallel. Instead of simply parsing a word lattice, we rather do tree decoding with a probabilistic approximation of a given grammar, employing a beam search strategy. Logical form is build up in tandem according to the decoded derivation histories, using a codescriptive HPSG grammar for dialog turns. The proposed architecture only uses the knowledge necessary in every processing step, the key aspect being an asynchronous coupling of the two specialized modules.
Validation of Scales to Research the Personal Financial Management

Purpose – The paper describes the test of preexistent scales to measure behaviors of personal financial management, buying impulsiveness and financial strain Design/methodology/approach – From the back translation of scales published in English, an empirical research was carried out to certify the reliability and validity of these instruments. A survey through the internet was carried out with 195 respondents (postgraduate students and teachers from five Brazilian states, connected to business administration courses). Findings – The scales are reliable and showed construct validity. In the examination of scales’ nomological validity, there is a negative relation between buying impulsineness and financial management. Financial manegement has a negative effect on financial strain, and partially mediates the positive relationship between impulsiveness and financial strain. Originality/value – Results motivates the use of the scales in order to evaluate this trait of personal competence, supporting programs of financial education and the marketing planning of credit institutions.
Glucocorticoid Receptor (NR3C1) Variants Associate with the Muscle Strength and Size Response to Resistance Training

Glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) polymorphisms associate with obesity, muscle strength, and cortisol sensitivity. We examined associations among four NR3C1 polymorphisms and the muscle response to resistance training (RT). European-American adults (n = 602, 23.8±0.4yr) completed a 12 week unilateral arm RT program. Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) assessed isometric strength (kg) and MRI assessed biceps size (cm2) pre- and post-resistance training. Subjects were genotyped for NR3C1 -2722G>A, -1887G>A, -1017T>C, and +363A>G. Men carrying the -2722G allele gained less relative MVC (17.3±1.2vs33.5±6.1%) (p = 0.010) than AA homozygotes; men with -1887GG gained greater relative MVC than A allele carriers (19.6±1.4vs13.2±2.3%) (p = 0.016). Women carrying the -1017T allele gained greater relative size (18.7±0.5vs16.1±0.9%) (p = 0.016) than CC homozygotes. We found sex-specific NR3C1 associations with the muscle strength and size response to RT. Future studies should investigate whether these associations are partially explained by cortisol’s actions in muscle tissue as they interact with sex differences in cortisol production.
Lightweight Approach to Detect Drive-by Download Attacks Based on File Type Transition

A web-based attack, drive-by download attack, has been posing serious threats to Internet users. There are code analysis based methods and rule-based methods as countermeasures against drive-by download attacks. However, code analysis based methods require high analytical costs. Also, rule-based methods have difficulty in forming comprehensive detection rules to keep up with a change in the attack pattern. For network administrators to inspect a huge amount of communication data, a detection method must be developed that requires less costs to describe the attack's distinctive features and less effort to form detection rules. In this paper, we propose a lightweight and machine learning-based approach and evaluate the effectiveness.