Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fault analysis of High Speed Train with DBN hierarchical ensemble

Deep Belief Network (DBN) learns the features of the raw data automatically, and develops a new idea for the study of fault analysis of High Speed Train (HST). Combining deep learning and classification ensemble technology, this paper presents a novel DBN hierarchical ensemble model for HST fault analysis. Firstly, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) coefficients of the HST vibration signals are extracted as the state of the visible layer of the model, and then DBN is used to learn the hierarchical features of the vibration signals automatically. The features of each layer learned by DBN are used to train Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Radial Basis Function (RBF) Neural Network respectively. Finally, the Majority Voting (MV), the Classification Entropy Voting Principle (CE), and the Winner Takes All (WTA) ensemble strategies are used for combination to get the final results. The experiments are conducted by using laboratory data sets and simulation data sets. The results show that the fault recognition rate of the proposed model is much higher than the traditional fault analysis methods. In addition, unlike the DBN model, the proposed model is affected slightly by the number of network layers and the size of hidden units.
Sickness absence as a global measure of health: evidence from mortality in the Whitehall II prospective cohort study

Abstract Objective To examine the association between sickness absence and mortality compared with associations between established health indicators and mortality. Design Prospective cohort study. Medical examination and questionnaire survey conducted in 1985-8; sickness absence records covered the period 1985-98. Setting 20 civil service departments in London. Participants 6895 male and 3413 female civil servants aged 35-55 years. Main outcome measure All cause mortality until the end of 1999. Results After adjustment for age and grade, men and women who had more than five medically certified absences (spells > 7 days) per 10 years had a mortality 4.8 (95% confidence interval 3.3 to 6.9) and 2.7 (1.5 to 4.9) times greater than those with no such absence. Poor self rated health, presence of longstanding illness, and a measure of common clinical conditions comprising diabetes, diagnosed heart disease, abnormalities on electrocardiogram, hypertension, and respiratory illness were all associated with mortality—relative rates between 1.3 and 1.9. In a multivariate model including all the above health indicators and additional health risk factors, medically certified sickness absence remained a significant predictor of mortality. No linear association existed between self certified absence (spells 1-7 days) and mortality, but the findings suggest that a small amount of self certified absence is protective. Conclusion Evidence linking sickness absence to mortality indicates that routinely collected sickness absence data could be used as a global measure of health differentials between employees. However, such approaches should focus on medically certified (or long term) absences rather than self certified absences.
Extractors: optimal up to constant factors

This paper provides the first explicit construction of extractors which are simultaneously optimal up to constant factors in both seed length and output length. More precisely, for every n,k, our extractor uses a random seed of length O(log n) to transform any random source on n bits with (min-)entropy k, into a distribution on (1-α)k bits that is ε-close to uniform. Here α and ε can be taken to be any positive constants. (In fact, ε can be almost polynomially small.Our improvements are obtained via three new techniques, each of which may be of independent interest. The first is a general construction of mergers [22] from locally decodable error-correcting codes. The second introduces new condensers that have constant seed length (and retain a constant fraction of the min-entropy in the random source). The third is a way to augment the "win-win repeated condensing" paradigm of [17] with error reduction techniques like [15] so that the our constant seed-length condensers can be used without error accumulation.
Sampling inspection for the evaluation of time-dependent reliability of deteriorating structures

The paper presents a sampling-inspection strategy for the evaluation of time-dependent reliability of deteriorating structures, where the deterioration is assumed to initiate at random times and at random locations. After initiation, defects are weakening the structure's resistance. The system becomes unacceptable when at least one defect reaches a critical depth. The defects are assumed to initiate at random times modeled as event times of a Non-Homogeneous Poisson Process (NHPP) and to develop according to a non-decreasing time-dependent sta- tionary gamma process. The intensity rate of the NHPP is assumed to be a combination of a known shape function in time and an unknown proportionality constant. When sampling inspection (i.e., inspection of a selected subre- gion of the structure) results in the number of defect initiations, Bayes'theorem can be used to update prior beliefs about the proportionality constant of the NHPP intensity rate to the posterior distribution. On the basis of a time- and space-dependent Poisson process for the defect initiation, an adaptive Bayesian model for sampling inspec- tion is developed to determine the predictive probability distribution of the time to failure. A potential application is, for instance, the inspection of a large vessel or pipeline suffering pitting/localized corrosion in the oil industry.
Vital Interface Components ’ in Online Shopping Tasks

Empirical exploration of how online consumers interpret and value the marketing communication embedded in shopping interface components has the potential to advance knowledge of online consumer behavior and to inform design decisions concerning consumer-oriented Web sites. To date, little research has been completed regarding how interface components hinder or aid consumer perceptions of the online marketing message. This research investigates the relative importance of online shopping interface components for online consumer shopping tasks and the role they play within the context of the Elaboration Likelihood Model’s central and peripheral routes of persuasion. The components convenience, access to information, and trust were implemented in an online shopping task. Specific preferences of respondents for each component were found to differ depending on three market segments: time savers, information seekers, and general surfers. A descriptive model of Web-based marketing components is presented.
A CMOS single stage fully differential folded cascode amplifier employing gain boosting technique

In this paper, a single stage fully differential folded cascode amplifier using gain boosting technique is presented. The amplifier was initially designed for 12 bits 22 MSPS pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC). However, the amplifier alone could not provide a sufficient DC gain in order to meet the ADC requirement. In order to obtain higher DC gain, a gain boosting technique was employed for this op-amp. The amplifier was implemented in 0. 13μm CMOS process technology. The simulation results show that this amplifier has a DC gain of 95dB, a unity gain bandwidth of 414 MHz and a phase margin of 82 degrees.
Improving Processor and Cache Locality in Fine-Grain Parallel Computations using Object-Affinity Scheduling and Continuation Passing

On recent high-performance multiprocessors, there is a potential conflict between the goals of achieving the full performance potential of the hardware and providing a parallel programming environment that makes effective use of programmer effort. On one hand, an explicit coarse-grain programming style may appear to be necessary, both to achieve good cache performance and to limit the amount of overhead due to context switching and synchronization. On the other hand, it may be more expedient to use more natural and finer-grain programming styles based on abstractions such as task heaps, light-weight threads, parallel loops, or object-oriented parallelism. Unfortunately, using these styles can cause a loss of performance due to poor locality and high overhead. We claim that the locality issue in fine-grain parallel programs can be addressed effectively by using object-affinity scheduling and that the overhead can be reduced substantially by representing tasks as templates that are managed using continuation-passing style mechanisms. We present supporting evidence for these claims in the form of experimental measurements of programs running on Mercury, an object-oriented system implemented on an SGI 4D/480 multiprocessor.
Impact of the ΔF508 Mutation in First Nucleotide-binding Domain of Human Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator on Domain Folding and Structure*

Cystic fibrosis is caused by defects in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), commonly the deletion of residue Phe-508 (ΔF508) in the first nucleotide-binding domain (NBD1), which results in a severe reduction in the population of functional channels at the epithelial cell surface. Previous studies employing incomplete NBD1 domains have attributed this to aberrant folding of ΔF508 NBD1. We report structural and biophysical studies on complete human NBD1 domains, which fail to demonstrate significant changes of in vitro stability or folding kinetics in the presence or absence of the ΔF508 mutation. Crystal structures show minimal changes in protein conformation but substantial changes in local surface topography at the site of the mutation, which is located in the region of NBD1 believed to interact with the first membrane spanning domain of CFTR. These results raise the possibility that the primary effect of ΔF508 is a disruption of proper interdomain interactions at this site in CFTR rather than interference with the folding of NBD1. Interestingly, increases in the stability of NBD1 constructs are observed upon introduction of second-site mutations that suppress the trafficking defect caused by the ΔF508 mutation, suggesting that these suppressors might function indirectly by improving the folding efficiency of NBD1 in the context of the full-length protein. The human NBD1 structures also solidify the understanding of CFTR regulation by showing that its two protein segments that can be phosphorylated both adopt multiple conformations that modulate access to the ATPase active site and functional interdomain interfaces.
TCP Dynamics and Adaptive MAC Retry-Limit Aware Link-Layer Adaptation over IEEE 802.11 WLAN

In this paper, we have developed a cross-layer approach which combines real-time Retry-Limit (RTL)adaptation at Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, with Transport Control Protocol (TCP) dynamics aware link adaptation at link-layer in IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks (WLANs). TCP throughput can be enhanced by raising the ¿¿¿, but latency and bandwidth overheads due to retransmission increase with ¿¿¿ and additional control traffic must flow to request retransmissions. Thus, dynamic optimization of Retry-Limit setting within MAC layer is considered in conjunction with link adaptation based on the wireless channel conditions, traffic characteristic, and by invoking the knowledge of TCP protocols in order to achieve higher throughput at low frame loss rate.
N-n-Butyl Haloperidol Iodide Ameliorates Cardiomyocytes Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Extracellular Calcium-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms

N-n-butyl haloperidol iodide (F2) has been shown to antagonize myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by blocking calcium channels. This study explores the biological functions of ERK pathway in cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation injury and clarifies the mechanisms by which F2 ameliorates cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation injury through the extracellular-calcium-dependent and -independent ERK1/2-related pathways. In extracellularcalcium-containing hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes, PKCα and ERK1/2 were activated, Egr-1 protein level and cTnI leakage increased, and cell viability decreased. The ERK1/2 inhibitors suppressed extracellular-calcium-containing-hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced Egr-1 overexpression and cardiomyocytes injury. PKCα inhibitor downregulated extracellularcalcium-containing-hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced increase in p-ERK1/2 and Egr-1 expression. F2 downregulated hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced elevation of p-PKCα, p-ERK1/2, and Egr-1 expression and inhibited cardiomyocytes damage. The ERK1/2 and PKCα activators antagonized F2's effects. In extracellular-calcium-free-hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes, ERK1/2 was activated, LDH and cTnI leakage increased, and cell viability decreased. F2 and ERK1/2 inhibitors antagonized extracellular-calcium-free-hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced ERK1/2 activation and suppressed cardiomyocytes damage. The ERK1/2 activator antagonized F2's above effects. F2 had no effect on cardiomyocyte cAMP content or PKA and Egr-1 expression. Altogether, ERK activation in extracellular-calcium-containing and extracellular-calcium-free hypoxia/reoxygenation leads to cardiomyocytes damage. F2 may ameliorate cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation injury by regulating the extracellular-calcium-dependent PKCα/ERK1/2/Egr-1 pathway and through the extracellular-calcium-independent ERK1/2 activation independently of the cAMP/PKA pathway or Egr-1 overexpression.
Dental Fear and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents: Qualitative Study Using YouTube

BACKGROUND Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) refers to the fear of and anxiety towards going to the dentist. It exists in a considerable proportion of children and adolescents and is a major dilemma in pediatric dental practice. As an Internet social medium with increasing popularity, the video-sharing website YouTube offers a useful data source for understanding health behaviors and perceptions of the public. OBJECTIVE Using YouTube as a platform, this qualitative study aimed to examine the manifestations, impacts, and origins of DFA in children and adolescents from the public's perspective. METHODS To retrieve relevant information, we searched YouTube using the keywords "dental fear", "dental anxiety", and "dental phobia". Videos in English expressing a layperson's views or experience on children's or adolescent's DFA were selected for this study. A video was excluded if it had poor audiovisual quality, was irrelevant, was pure advertisement or entertainment, or contained only the views of professionals. After the screen, we transcribed 27 videos involving 32 children and adolescents, which were reviewed by a panel of 3 investigators, including a layperson with no formal dental training. Inductive thematic analysis was applied for coding and interpreting the data. RESULTS The videos revealed multiple manifestations and impacts of DFA, including immediate physical reactions (eg, crying, screaming, and shivering), psychological responses (eg, worry, upset, panic, helplessness, insecurity, resentment, and hatred), and uncooperativeness in dental treatment. Testimonials from children, adolescents, and their parents suggested diverse origins of DFA, namely personal experience (eg, irregular dental visits and influence of parents or peers), dentists and dental auxiliaries (eg, bad manner, lack of clinical skills, and improper work ethic), dental settings (eg, dental chair and sounds), and dental procedures (eg, injections, pain, discomfort, and aesthetic concerns). CONCLUSIONS This qualitative study suggests that DFA in children and adolescents has multifaceted manifestations, impacts, and origins, some of which only became apparent when using Internet social media. Our findings support the value of infodemiological studies using Internet social media to gain a better understanding of health issues.
Impact of supervised drug consumption services on access to and engagement with care at a palliative and supportive care facility for people living with HIV/AIDS: a qualitative study

Improvements in the availability and effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have prolonged the lives of people living with HIV/AIDS. However, mortality rates have remained high among populations that encounter barriers to accessing and adhering to HAART, notably people who use drugs. This population consequently has a high burden of illness and complex palliative and supportive care needs, but is often unable to access these services due to anti‐drug policies and discrimination. In Vancouver, Canada, the Dr. Peter Centre (DPC), which operates a 24‐bed residential HIV/AIDS care facility, has sought to improve access to palliative and supportive care services by adopting a comprehensive harm reduction strategy, including supervised injection services. We undertook this study to explore how the integration of comprehensive harm reduction services into this setting shapes access to and engagement with care.
Media, Terrorism, and Society: Perspectives and Trends in the Digital Age

With the advent of the new millennium, the number of terrorism attacks increased worldwide. The attacks inspired a series of empirical terrorism studies, and I received a wave of invitations to review the burgeoning research on media and terrorism. Certainly I could feel the topic was critically important, but I felt a troubling sense that behind the invitations was an assumption that my Middle Eastern background qualified me to pronounce on terrorism. And yet, unknown to most of the people asking me for help, they had tapped a raw nerve. During my university days I was the survivor of a terrorist attack, the witness of a deadly bombing when religious extremists detonated a bomb near Cairo’s busiest square in Egypt. Those haunting memories, coupled with a sense of global responsibility and academic enthusiasm, pushed me to ask Dr. Fuyuan Shen, the editor-in-chief of Mass Communication and Society, to offer a special issue on this topic. I felt this issue could offer a forum for inspiring new conversations and advancing studies pertaining to terrorism within the mass communication field. The proposal was competitively selected by Dr. Shen and his editorial board, and the response to the call was unprecedented—almost 50 national and international submissions solid, from which eight were selected after several rounds of peer reviews. Mass Communication and Society, 20:735–739, 2017 Copyright © Mass Communication & Society Division of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication ISSN: 1520-5436 print / 1532-7825 online DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2017. 1382285
Color Image Segmentation by Compacigram Analysis

This work lies within the scope of color image segmentation by pixel classification. Classes of pixels are generally constructed by mode detection applied to the color histogram, but this method tends to fail when the color distributions of the different objects highly overlap in the color space. A new characteristic function of the distribution of the colors within the image is proposed here. The compacigram takes into account both the distribution of colors in the color space and the spatial location of colors in the image plane. Experimental tests on two reference images show that the mode detection technique based on a convexity analysis of the compacigram leads to promising results for segmentation purposes.
Trace-based analyses and optimizations for network storage servers

In this thesis, I show how network storage servers can infer useful information about the requests they are likely to see in the future by analyzing the history of requests they have observed in the past. I also show that this information can be used to improve future decisions about disk block allocation and read-ahead and thereby increase network storage server performance without any change to its clients or the applications running on its clients. The contributions of this thesis are: (1) A new suite of utilities for gathering and analyzing NFS traces. (2) Long-term traces of three contemporary workloads. (3) An analysis of these workloads, showing that they differ in important ways. These differences may offer an opportunity for workload-specific optimizations. (4) Optimizations to the NFS read-ahead heuristic for sequential and non-sequential access patterns that have sequential subcomponents. For the latter type of access pattern, end-to-end read performance can be improved by more than 50%. (5) The discovery that for most files, the create-time attributes of the file (such as its name) are strongly associated with the operations that will be performed on the file. These associations can be discovered automatically by analysis of the network traffic between an NFS server and its clients. (6) A demonstration that these associations can be used to automatically construct models that accurately predict properties such as the eventual size, lifespan, and access patterns of new files. (7) A demonstration that these models can be used to improve on-disk locality of reference by using predictions to enhance the file and directory layout heuristics and thereby arrange for the hottest blocks on the disk to be grouped together.
Evaluation of mesh morphing and mapping techniques in patient specific modeling of the human pelvis

Robust generation of pelvic finite element models is necessary to understand the variation in mechanical behaviour resulting from differences in gender, aging, disease and injury. The objective of this study was to apply and evaluate mesh morphing and mapping techniques to facilitate the creation and structural analysis of specimen‐specific finite element (FE) models of the pelvis. A specimen‐specific pelvic FE model (source mesh) was generated following a traditional user‐intensive meshing scheme. The source mesh was morphed onto a computed tomography scan generated target surface of a second pelvis using a landmarked‐based approach, in which exterior source nodes were shifted to target surface vertices, while constrained along a normal. A second copy of the morphed model was further refined through mesh mapping, in which surface nodes of the initial morphed model were selected in patches and remapped onto the surfaces of the target model. Computed tomography intensity based material properties were assigned to each model. The source, target, morphed and mapped models were analyzed under axial compression using linear static FE analysis and their strain distributions evaluated. Morphing and mapping techniques were effectively applied to generate good quality geometrically complex specimen‐specific pelvic FE models. Mapping significantly improved strain concurrence with the target pelvis FE model. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cost-Efficient Divisible Load Scheduling Using Genetic Algorithm

In the past decades, divisible load scheduling has become an increasingly concerned field in the research of computer science. At the same time, the total system cost of data center has received worldwide attention, and the concept of green computing has been put forward. This paper investigates an cost-efficient divisible load scheduling using genetic algorithm. It focuses on finding an efficient scheduling strategy for distributed environment so that the total system cost is minimum. First, the system cost model is established when the start overheads are considered. Second, the optimization model has a time constraints for the sake of the make span can be tolerant for the user. Third, a novel and efficient generic algorithm is proposed. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that the the proposed algorithm performs well.