Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of As2O3 nanoparticles on cell growth and apoptosis of NB4 cells

The aim of the present study was to explore the preparation of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) nanoparticles and examine the antitumor effects of these nanoparticles on NB4 cells. As2O3 nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel method and characterized using transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results indicated that the As2O3 nanoparticles prepared in the present study were round or elliptical, well dispersed and had an ~40-nm or <10-nm diameter. The antitumor effects of As2O3 nanoparticles at various concentrations were analyzed by flow cytometry and the MTT assay, and were compared with those of traditional As2O3 solution. At the same concentration and incubation time (48 h), the survival rate of cells treated with As2O3 nanoparticles was significantly lower than that of cells treated with the As2O3 solution. The growth inhibition rate under both treatments was time- and dose-dependent. In addition, at the same concentration and incubation time, the apoptosis rate of the cells treated with As2O3 nanoparticles was significantly higher than that of the cells treated with the As2O3 solution. Furthermore, As2O3 nanoparticles resulted in a greater reduction in the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 compared with the As2O3 solution. In conclusion, As2O3 nanoparticles, prepared using the sol-gel method, were found to produce a stronger cytotoxic effect on tumor cells than that produced by the As2O3 solution, possibly by inhibiting Bcl-2 expression.
On the simplest fuzzy two - term controller structure derived via algebraic product t-norm - bounded sum t-conorm - Mamdani minimum inference combination

Patael and Mohan (2002, Automatica, 38, 981-993) state that the analytical structure of the simplest fuzzy PI controller, derived via algebraic product t-norm, bounded sum t-conorm and Mamdani minimum inference, is not suitable for control purpose. Here we show that the above statement is incorrect, and the above analytical structure is very much suitable for control. Moreover, using the well-known small gain theorem we establish sufficient conditions for bounded-input bounded-output (BIBO) stability of feedback systems containing the above controller as a subsystem.
Beyond ro-vibrational separation

Results are presented for nuclear motion calculations on D+3, H2D+ and the van der Waals complex ArCO in rotationally excited states. These calculations are performed using a two-step variational procedure which allows large ro-vibrational interactions (Coriolis couplings) to be treated accurately. The difficulty of assigning states in systems such as H2D+ where the Coriolis interactions are large is illustrated and the limitations of effective Hamiltonians derived from perturbation theory discussed.
Strategies for Reliable Exploitation of Evolutionary Concepts in High Throughput Biology

The recent availability of the complete genome sequences of a large number of model organisms, together with the immense amount of data being produced by the new high-throughput technologies, means that we can now begin comparative analyses to understand the mechanisms involved in the evolution of the genome and their consequences in the study of biological systems. Phylogenetic approaches provide a unique conceptual framework for performing comparative analyses of all this data, for propagating information between different systems and for predicting or inferring new knowledge. As a result, phylogeny-based inference systems are now playing an increasingly important role in most areas of high throughput genomics, including studies of promoters (phylogenetic footprinting), interactomes (based on the presence and degree of conservation of interacting proteins), and in comparisons of transcriptomes or proteomes (phylogenetic proximity and co-regulation/co-expression). Here we review the recent developments aimed at making automatic, reliable phylogeny-based inference feasible in large-scale projects. We also discuss how evolutionary concepts and phylogeny-based inference strategies are now being exploited in order to understand the evolution and function of biological systems. Such advances will be fundamental for the success of the emerging disciplines of systems biology and synthetic biology, and will have wide-reaching effects in applied fields such as biotechnology, medicine and pharmacology.
Defining Organizational Document Metadata : A Case Beyond Standards

Despite of the vast interest on metadata research and the number of metadata standards proposed for digital documents, a dearth of research efforts on their practical application in organizations outside the public archives and information collections continues. Organizations thus lack practical means to identify, implement, and utilize the organizational metadata needed for effective document management in the enterprise. We report a case in which document metadata in an engineering company with 2600 employees were defined after a major merger. At the outset, a review on 19 metadata standards created a baseline for the definition. The subsequent effort resulted in an organizational metadata definition that included 48 metadata elements, which did not straightforwardly correspond to any standard reviewed. The study can also be considered as a blueprint for a method of defining organizational metadata for digital documents.
Can stable isotope ratios provide for community-wide measures of trophic structure? Comment.

Stable isotope ratios (typically of carbon and nitrogen) provide one representation of an organism's trophic niche and are widely used to examine aspects of food web structure. Yet stable isotopes have not been applied to quantitatively characterize community-wide aspects of trophic structure (i.e., at the level of an entire food web). We propose quantitative metrics that can be used to this end, drawing on similar approaches from ecomorphology research. For example, the convex hull area occupied by species in δ13C–δ15N niche space is a representation of the total extent of trophic diversity within a food web, whereas mean nearest neighbor distance among all species pairs is a measure of species packing within trophic niche space. To facilitate discussion of opportunities and limitations of the metrics, we provide empirical and conceptual examples drawn from Bahamian tidal creek food webs. These examples illustrate how this methodology can be used to quantify trophic diversity and trophic redundancy in food webs, as well as to link individual species to characteristics of the food web in which they are embedded. Building from extensive applications of stable isotope ratios by ecologists, the community-wide metrics may provide a new perspective on food web structure, function, and dynamics.
Mersch J, Jackson MA, Park M, Nebgen D, Peterson SK, Singletary C, Arun BK and Litton JK. Cancers associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations other than breast and ovarian. Cancer. 2015;121:269‐275.

Bladder BRCA1 0 1.282 0 0-2.862 . 554 BRCA2 1 1.373 0.728 0.010-4.053 . 791 Brain and CNS BRCA1 3 1.268 2.367 0.849-8.078 . 269 BRCA2 1 1.077 0.929 0.012-5.168 . 578 Breast, female BRCA1 345 9.349 36.902 33.110-41.009 <. 001a BRCA2 246 8.885 27.688 24.336-31.373 <. 001a Cervical BRCA1 2 1.701 1.176 0.132-4.245 . 990 BRCA2 6 1.361 4.410 1.61-9.599 . 006 Colorectal BRCA1 6 3.800 1.579 0.577-3.437 . 367 BRCA2 2 3.783 0.529 0.059-1.909 . 542 Esophagus BRCA1 1 0.405 2.471 0.032-13.75 . 654 BRCA2 0 0.422 0 0-8.694 . 677 Hodgkin lymphoma BRCA1 3 0.792 3.788 0.761-11.067 . 095 BRCA2 0 0.634 0 0-5.787 . 929 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma BRCA1 0 2.114 0 0-1.735 . 237 BRCA2 1 1.980 0.505 0.007-2.81 . 825 Kidney BRCA1 2 1.806 1.107 0.124-3.998 . 925 BRCA2 3 1.735 1.729 0.348-5.052 . 500 Leukemia BRCA1 5 1.694 2.951 0.951-6.887 . 060 BRCA2 3 1.493 2.010 0.404-5.872 . 376 Lung BRCA1 2 4.547 0.440 0.049-1.588 . 335 BRCA2 5 4.867 1.027 0.331-2.398 . 929 Myeloma BRCA1 1 0.462 2.164 0.028-12.04 . 728 BRCA2 0 0.477 0 0-7.683 . 747 Oral cavity BRCA1 2 1.362 1.468 0.165-5.30 . 784 BRCA2 1 1.298 0.770 0.01-4.286 . 739 Ovarian BRCA1 178 1.280 139.115 119.427-161.122 <. 001 BRCA2 87 1.1614 74.926 60.011-92.422 <. 001
Behavior Observation-Based Rival's Private Information Inferring

It is important for having the initiative in competition to infer the rival's private information accurately. In this paper, the rival's decision-making model is described by influence diagrams. According to the criterion that rival is apt to gain the maximum expected utility in whole multi-steps decision rather than gain the maximum expected utility just in each of the decision steps, we infer rival's private information about cost and bankroll through observing rival's decision behaviors and using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The experiment results show that our proposed method is both accurate and reasonable.
Capacity and BER performance of independent and identically distributed α-μ fading channel under absolute SNR scheduling

In this paper, Probability Density Function (PDF) and Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) expressions for multiuser Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems employing Orthogonal Space-Time Block Coding (OSTBC) over α-μ fading channels are derived. The channel fading parameter and user's SNR are considered as independent and identically distributed (i.i.d). The best user is selected by employing Absolute SNR Scheduling (AS) scheme in this system. These expressions are used to derive analytical expressions for Bit Error Rate (BER) and average capacities per unit bandwidth. The performance analysis for capacity and BER of the system is made for various values of code rate(Rc), increase in the number of receive antennas (nR) and fading parameter (α).
Mental Health Biopsychosocial Update Hiv Prevention News

About Persons With Severe Mental Illnesses Himelhoch, McCarthy, et al. (2007) " examined data from a national sample of veterans who received a diagnosis of serious mental illness [SMI] (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder , and other, nonorganic psycho-ses) in fiscal year 2002 (FY2002) (N=191,625) and from a national random sample of veterans in FY2002 who did not receive [SMI] diagnoses (N=67,965) " (p. 1165). Himelhoch and colleagues found that the crude recorded prevalence of HIV was 1.0% among persons with SMI and 0.5% among persons without SMI. Multivariate analyses indicated that individuals with bipolar disorder were no more likely than those without . [any SMI] to have a recorded HIV diagnosis . , whereas those with other[, non-organic] psychoses were more likely to have one . An interaction was observed between schizophrenia and substance use disorder. Compared with patients who had neither schizo-phrenia nor a substance use disorder , those with schizophrenia without a substance use disorder were less likely to have a recorded HIV diagnosis . , whereas those with a substance use disorder were more likely to have . [one]. (p. 1165) The investigators reason that, [g]iven the continued risk for HIV in this vulnerable population . , ongoing efforts by mental health providers to provide consistent primary and secondary HIV prevention education . [are] warranted . This may be particularly important for individuals with schizophrenia who are known to be abusing drugs or alcohol, because the findings indicate that patients with schizophrenia who also had a substance use disorder were at greater risk of being diagnosed as having HIV. It also may be particularly important for mental health professionals to monitor . and maximize psychiatric treatment interventions that may reduce the risk during an acute psychiatric episode of high-risk sexual behavior or use of illicit substances – for example, optimizing treatment of bipolar disorder to prevent mania. (p. 1171) About Persons Who Use Substances Hendershot, Stoner, George, and Norris (2007) explored dispositional influences on sexual risk taking among 611 heterosexual young adult drinkers of alcohol, a sample that was 49% female and 76% white, with an average age of 25 years. The investigators found that sexual sensation seeking predicted HIV risk directly as well as indirectly via sex-related alcohol expectancies and drinking in sexual contexts. This finding suggests that alcohol expectancies and drinking before sex represent proximal pathways through which dispositional factors such as sexual sensation seeking influence sexual risk behavior. …
La figura compleja de Rey: propiedades psicométricas

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de la aplicacion de la Figura Compleja de Rey, a una muestra de 3,562 sujetos, con un rango de edad de 8 a 80 anos, apartir de los cuales se calcularon las medias y desviaciones estandar para los ensayos de copias y de memoria del instrumento, en distintos grupos de edad. El analisis psicometrico reporto que por medio del nuevo sistema de calificacion utilizado, todas las unidades perceptuales discriminan adecuadamente los puntajes altos de los bajos en ambos ensayos. La confiabilidad alcanzada fue de (a=0.828 para la copia y de a=0.783 para la memoria. El analisis factorial mostro que las 18 unidades perceptuales se agrupan en forma congruente en cuanto factores, que explican el 43.6% de la varianza total para la copia y el 38.6% para la memoria. Los resultados aqui presentados pueden considerarse como parametros de estandarizacion validos y confiables para los sujetos de 8 a 18 anos de edad. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, la poblacion de mayor edad requiere todavia de un nuevo diseno de muestreo.
Discovery of the principal specific transcription factors of Apicomplexa and their implication for the evolution of the AP2-integrase DNA binding domains

The comparative genomics of apicomplexans, such as the malarial parasite Plasmodium, the cattle parasite Theileria and the emerging human parasite Cryptosporidium, have suggested an unexpected paucity of specific transcription factors (TFs) with DNA binding domains that are closely related to those found in the major families of TFs from other eukaryotes. This apparent lack of specific TFs is paradoxical, given that the apicomplexans show a complex developmental cycle in one or more hosts and a reproducible pattern of differential gene expression in course of this cycle. Using sensitive sequence profile searches, we show that the apicomplexans possess a lineage-specific expansion of a novel family of proteins with a version of the AP2 (Apetala2)-integrase DNA binding domain, which is present in numerous plant TFs. About 20–27 members of this apicomplexan AP2 (ApiAP2) family are encoded in different apicomplexan genomes, with each protein containing one to four copies of the AP2 DNA binding domain. Using gene expression data from Plasmodium falciparum, we show that guilds of ApiAP2 genes are expressed in different stages of intraerythrocytic development. By analogy to the plant AP2 proteins and based on the expression patterns, we predict that the ApiAP2 proteins are likely to function as previously unknown specific TFs in the apicomplexans and regulate the progression of their developmental cycle. In addition to the ApiAP2 family, we also identified two other novel families of AP2 DNA binding domains in bacteria and transposons. Using structure similarity searches, we also identified divergent versions of the AP2-integrase DNA binding domain fold in the DNA binding region of the PI-SceI homing endonuclease and the C-terminal domain of the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-like modules of eukaryotes. Integrating these findings, we present a reconstruction of the evolutionary scenario of the AP2-integrase DNA binding domain fold, which suggests that it underwent multiple independent combinations with different types of mobile endonucleases or recombinases. It appears that the eukaryotic versions have emerged from versions of the domain associated with mobile elements, followed by independent lineage-specific expansions, which accompanied their recruitment to transcription regulation functions.
Evaluation of five web search engines in Arabic language

To explore how Arab Internet users can find the information in their mother tongue on the web, the five web search engines Araby, Ayna, Google, MSN and Yahoo were tested on an information retrieval evaluation basis with the consideration of the web-specific evaluation requirements. The test used fifty randomly selected queries from the top searches on the Arabic search engine Araby. The relevance of the top ten results and their descriptions retrieved by each search engine for each query were evaluated by independent jurors. Evaluations of results and descriptions were then compared to assess their conformity. The core finding was that Google performed almost all the times better than the other engines. The difference to Yahoo was however not statically significant, and the difference to the third ranked engine MSN was significant to a low degree. The Arabic search engine Araby showed performance on most of the evaluation measures, while Ayna was far behind all other search engines. The other finding was the big differences between search results and their descriptions for all tested engines.
Eye Detection and Recognition in the Fatigue Warning System

For a driver fatigue warning system, one of the most important problems to solve is eye detectiong and recognition. The blink information was used to preliminary eye location. Modified Susan operator of eye inner corner extraction to accurate eye location. According to the characteristics of the external environment are less prone to interference from eye inner corner, small template of the eye inner corner was extracted for eye tracking. In the methods of eyes state recognition, the correlation between an online generated template of open eyes in the process of eye tracking and the eye region extracted from the image was used. According to the size of correlation, to further determine the eyes state . The experiment result shows that data quantity disposed is little, realized speed is fast and the accuracy rate of the eye recognition is increased in this method.
Patterns of Place - A Toolkit for the Design and Evaluation of Real and Virtual Environments

This invention relates to a process for isomerization and transalkylation of alkylphenols and for phenol-derivatives in the presence of a catalyst comprising ironoxide (s) and at least one additional oxide and in the case of 2,4,6-trimethylphenol and 2,4-dimethylphenol as alkylphenol feed, of ironoxide (s) or of a catalyst comprising ironoxide (s) and at least one additional oxide.
Methodology for the Evaluation of the Algorithms for Text Line Segmentation Based on Extended Binary Classification

Methodology for the Evaluation of the Algorithms for Text Line Segmentation Based on Extended Binary Classification Text line segmentation represents the key element in the optical character recognition process. Hence, testing of text line segmentation algorithms has substantial relevance. All previously proposed testing methods deal mainly with text database as a template. They are used for testing as well as for the evaluation of the text segmentation algorithm. In this manuscript, methodology for the evaluation of the algorithm for text segmentation based on extended binary classification is proposed. It is established on the various multiline text samples linked with text segmentation. Their results are distributed according to binary classification. Final result is obtained by comparative analysis of cross linked data. At the end, its suitability for different types of scripts represents its main advantage.
Improving Mass Transit Operations by Using AVL-Based Systems: A Survey

Intelligent transportation systems based on automated data collection frameworks are widely used by the major transit companies around the globe. This paper describes the current state of the art on improving both planning and control on public road transportation companies using automatic vehicle location (AVL) data. By surveying this topic, the expectation is to help develop a better understanding of the nature, approaches, challenges, and opportunities with regard to these problems. This paper starts by presenting a brief review on improving the network definition based on historical location-based data. Second, it presents a comprehensive review on AVL-based evaluation techniques of the schedule plan (SP) reliability, discussing the existing metrics. Then, the different dimensions on improving the SP reliability are presented in detail, as well as the works addressing such problem. Finally, the automatic control strategies are also revised, along with the research employed over the location-based data. A comprehensive discussion on the techniques employed is provided to encourage those who are starting research on this topic. It is important to highlight that there are still gaps in AVL-based literature, such as the following: 1) long-term travel time prediction; 2) finding optimal slack time; or 3) choosing the best control strategy to apply in each situation in the event of schedule instability. Hence, this paper includes introductory model formulations, reference surveys, formal definitions, and an overview of a promising area, which is of interest to any researcher, regardless of the level of expertise.
Neurotechnology: a new approach for treating brain disorders.

Advances in neuroscience, engineering and computer technologies are creating opportunities to connect the brain directly to devices to treat a variety of disorders, both neurological and psychiatric. They are opening a new field of neuroscience called "neurotechnology. " This article reviews efforts in this area that are ongoing at Brown University and the hospitals affiliated with Brown's Alpert Medical School. Two general approaches are being used. One uses advanced electrodes to "sense" the activity of many individual neurons in the cerebral cortex and then use that activity for therapeutic purposes. The other uses various types of devices to stimulate specific networks in the brain in order to restore normal function and alleviate symptoms.
Mean head and shoulder heights when seated: subconscious postural cycles during discrete computerised stimuli

Discrete, three-minute, computer-presented stimuli (designed to range from engaging to incredibly boring) were used to elicit changes in cognitive/emotional states in seated, healthy volunteers. These stimuli did not require the use of a mouse, so movements were assumed to be non- instrumental. Stimuli included films, games, quizzes and music. Motion capture and video analysis were used to detect changes in head and shoulder position in response to the stimuli. Results include changes occurring between the first half and the second half of each of the main stimuli (i.e. arising in less than one minute as the volunteer "settles in"); in the second half of each stimulus, there were decreases in head height and shoulder height (i.e. position rather than movement). In conclusion, we speculate that non-instrumental changes in head height and shoulder height may suggest loss of vigilance or diminishing arousal in seated computer-users. Our unique contributions are: 1) discrete stimuli, were used on seated volunteers 2) without a mouse, to show that 3) modest (mm) head and shoulder movements in the vertical axis correlated with 4) subtle cyclical changes in boredom, not overall changes in fatigue. Future psychological validation of tutoring systems with discrete stimuli can use these postural parameters as part of a multimodal analysis of engagement.
Spam Zombies from Outer Space

How can better email worms be created? How can spyware claim more victims? How can better spam be sent? It turns out that these three questions are all related. We look at the future threat posed by email worms, spyware, and spammers that use zombie machines in a new way: sophisticated data mining of their victims’ saved email. The end result skirts many defenses, and could trick even experienced users. We present new defenses that can be deployed now against this threat.