Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Inhibition of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase and Monoacylglycerol Lipase Shares Discriminative Stimulus Effects with Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Mice

Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitors exert preclinical effects indicative of therapeutic potential (i.e., analgesia). However, the extent to which MAGL and FAAH inhibitors produce unwanted effects remains unclear. Here, FAAH and MAGL inhibition was examined separately and together in a Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC; 5.6 mg/kg i.p.) discrimination assay predictive of subjective effects associated with cannabis use, and the relative contribution of N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and caudate putamen to those effects was examined. Δ9-THC dose-dependently increased Δ9-THC appropriate responses (ED50 value = 2.8 mg/kg), whereas the FAAH inhibitors PF-3845 [N-3-pyridinyl-4-[[3-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenyl]methyl]-1-piperidinecarboxamide] and URB597 [(3′-(aminocarbonyl)[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-cyclohexylcarbamate] or a MAGL inhibitor JZL184 [4-nitrophenyl-4-(dibenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl(hydroxy)methyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate] alone did not substitute for the Δ9-THC discriminative stimulus. The nonselective FAAH/MAGL inhibitors SA-57 [4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl ester] and JZL195 [4-nitrophenyl 4-(3-phenoxybenzyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate] fully substituted for Δ9-THC with ED50 values equal to 2.4 and 17 mg/kg, respectively. Full substitution for Δ9-THC was also produced by a combination of JZL184 and PF-3845, but not by a combination of JZL184 and URB597 (i.e., 52% maximum). Cannabinoid receptor type 1 antagonist rimonabant attenuated the discriminative stimulus effects of Δ9-THC, SA-57, JZL195, and the combined effects of JZL184 and PF-3845. Full substitution for the Δ9-THC discriminative stimulus occurred only when both 2-AG and AEA were significantly elevated, and the patterns of increased endocannabinoid content were similar among brain regions. Overall, these results suggest that increasing both endogenous 2-AG and AEA produces qualitatively unique effects (i.e., the subjective effects of cannabis) that are not obtained from increasing either 2-AG or AEA separately.
Theorizing the Phenomenon of Women Empowerment in a Course to Discover the Purpose of Life for Marginalized Women in India—Evidence from Phool

The present study attempts to theorize the phenomenon of empowerment of marginalized women in the context of social enterprises involved in sustainable business practices. To extract the deeper meaning of empowerment of such women, an inductive process using Gioia’s method was employed by interviewing 13 marginalized women working in the social enterprise ‘Phool’. The venture is involved in recycling sacred floral waste into incense sticks, organic fertilizers, and other sustainable packaging solutions. The findings of the study were built on the Social Identity Theory, which emphasizes the fundamental need to be a part of social groups. Our findings suggest that for marginalized women, empowerment manifests in dignity and honour, economic sovereignty and social admittance and embracement. The study contributes to the extant literature on women’s empowerment by intersecting with the phenomenon of marginalization in the context of social enterprise and explains how marginalized women experience empowerment at work.
Genetic polymorphism of five genes associated with growth traits in goat

Genetic polymorphism studies in domestic animals aim at evaluating genetic variations within and across breeds mainly for conservation purposes. In this study, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect polymorphisms of five candidate genes in four Egyptian and Saudi goat breeds (Barki, Zaribi, Ardi and Masri), to detect the genotype of GH, IGF1, POUIF1, MSTN and BMP15 genes in the goat breeds and their allele frequencies. Results of GH gene which encloses a Haelll endonuclease restriction site show four unique PCR-RFLP banding patterns (genotypes AA, AB, CC and CD). The frequencies of the A allele in the samples from the goat breeds varied from 0.410 to 0.620. While IGF-1gene revealed three fragments after digestion with Haelll with genotype AA, AB and BB and the frequencies of allele A varied from 0.432 to 0.731. Furthermore, PCR-RFLP of POUIF1 gene showed two fragments after digestion by Pst1 endonuclease with genotype TT and CC and the frequencies of allele T varied from 0.250 to 0.840. The MSTN gene revealed three fragments after digestion with DraI with genotype AA, BB and AB and the frequencies of allele A varied from 0.240 to 0.630. Meanwhile, the BMP15 gene revealed one fragments of 112 bp for AA after digestion with Hinf1 enzyme.
A utilização de águas de qualidade inferior na agricultura irrigada | The use of lower quality water in irrigated agriculture

RESUMO: A agua e um recurso natural essencial a vida no planeta, e devido ao aumento populacional e uso desordenado este bem esta cada vez mais escasso. O Brasil e um pais privilegiado em termos de recursos hidricos, porem sua distribuicao e bastante irregular. No Nordeste brasileiro as condicoes hidricas sao desfavoraveis, apresentam altas taxas de evapotranspiracao durante todo ano, baixa precipitacao, um subsolo em muitos lugares com agua salobra ou formacao de cristalino e o baixo desenvolvimento economico-social. Com o crescimento demografico faz-se necessario intensificar a producao de alimentos e a agricultura e o setor que mais consome agua superficial no mundo, logo, e necessario a adocao de praticas alternativas de cultivo. O reuso de aguas residuarias para fins agricolas pode favorecer o desenvolvimento dessa regiao, trazendo um aumento de area cultivada e produtividade. Portanto, deve-se atentar para a seguranca alimentar tendo a consciencia da forma de tratamento do esgoto e quais culturas podem ser irrigadas com estes tipos de agua. ABSTRACT: Water is a natural resource essential to life on the planet, and due to population growth and uncontrolled use this well is increasingly scarce. Brazil is a privileged country in terms of water resources, but its distribution is very irregular. In Northeast Brazil the water conditions are unfavorable, have high rates of evapotranspiration throughout the year, low rainfall, a basement in many places with brackish water or formation of crystalline and low economic and social development. With the population growth it is necessary to intensify production of food and agriculture is the sector that most consumes surface water in the world, so the adoption of alternative farming practices is necessary. The reuse of wastewater for agricultural purposes may favor the development of this region, bringing an increase in cultivated area and productivity. Therefore, attention should be paid to food security in the knowledge of the form of sewage treatment and which crops can be irrigated with these types of water.
The Rigmarole of Negotiating Double Binds: A Qualitative Study of Indian Women Academics’ Work-from-home Routines in COVID-19 Times

This study explores how Indian women academics navigated the responsibilities of home, care and paid academic work during the COVID-19 pandemic through the intersectional lens of gendered family role identity and work–home boundary theory. Using a qualitative interpretivist approach and thematic analysis, 30 women academics were interviewed on their work-from-home experiences. The findings show that women struggled to negotiate the increased work–family conflict due to reinforced gendered family role expectations and increasing invasion of work into home space. The study reveals the double bind whereby women are caught wanting to excel both at work and home. Flexible work options may not help Indian working women to achieve work–family balance due to the continued devaluing of care work and the subservient social status of women within the Indian family structure. Despite educational upliftment and financial independence, gender remains at the bottom of the intersectionality of various types of inequalities that affect Indian women academics.
Aproximaciones empíricas a la tasa natural de interés para la economía uruguaya.

Abstract. From 2003 the Central Bank of Uruguay has explicit targets over the inflation rate, and from 2007 onwards the operative target is the one-day interbank rate. In order to assess the monetary policy stance, it is very important to have different estimates of the Natural Interest Rate (NIR). In this paper we address this issue using several approaches over 1992-2009. The diagnostic of the monetary policy stance does not differ among different methods.
Electricity liberalisation in Britain: The quest for a satisfactory wholesale market design

Britain was the exemplar of electricity market reform, demonstrating the importance of ownership unbundling and workable competition in generation and supply. Privatisation created de facto duopolies that supported increasing price-cost margins and induced excessive (English) entry. Concentration was ended by trading horizontal for vertical integration in subsequent mergers. Competition arrived just as the Pool was replaced by New Electricity Trading Arrangements (NETA) intended to address its claimed shortcomings. NETA cost over £700 million, and had ambiguous market impacts. Prices fell dramatically as a result of (pre-NETA) competition, generating companies withdrew plant, causing fears about security of supply and a subsequent widening of price-cost margins.
Validating satellite altimeter measurements of internal tides with long‐term TAO/TRITON buoy observations at 2°S–156°E

Satellite altimetry is regularly used to map the global distribution of mode‐1 internal tides. Validating altimeter measurements of internal tides with in situ data is difficult as the mooring observations typically are too short compared with the altimetry. Here taking advantage of the long‐term (since 1999) Tropical Atmosphere‐Ocean/Triangle Trans‐Ocean Buoy Network (TAO/TRITON) buoy observations at 2°S–156°E located at a TOPEX/Poseidon crossover in a region of strong internal tides, direct comparisons are made between altimeter and in situ measurements over a common 15 year period. The hourly buoy data are decimated every 9.9 day to emulate altimeter measurements. The altimeter and decimated buoy data are highly coherent at the aliased semidiurnal period (~60 day), and they agree well for the stationary semidiurnal internal tide. For the nonstationary internal tide, which consists of a significant annual cycle, the demodulated amplitude from the altimeter appears to be contaminated by nontidal signals. The demodulated amplitude from the decimated buoy data, on the other hand, is capable of resolving the temporal variability. This suggests the potential of mapping nonstationary internal tides from satellites.
Retrieval and Validation of MODIS Subpixel Snow Fraction in Northeast China

Using CBERS-2 CCD data as "ground truth" images and based on the characters of geographic environment and climate in Northeast China,this paper modified the parameters of Salomoson's subpixel snow cover fraction model,retrieved the subpixel snow cover fraction from MODIS data and analyzed the stability and accuracy of the revised model with different ways.The result shows that the modified Salomoson model has stability in different geomorphology-landscape unit,and the little fluctuation comes from the difference of snow physical character,atmospheric effects,and the errors of snow classification images and image registration.In the Northeast Plain,when NDSI ranges from 0.52 to 0.65,the accuracy of modified model is high.However,because NDSI is based on the non-linear transformation of band reflectance,snow cover fraction is little underestimated.The pixels,snow cover fraction of which is overestimated,are located in suburb and rural residential area.In contrast,the pixels,covering cities,towns and roads have a higher accuracy.The main reason is that human activity frequency influences the degree of spectral character difference between snow part and non-snow part in one MODIS pixel.In comparison with MODIS snow products(MOD10A2),snow cover fraction provides much richer information than the traditional snow cover mapping methods,but both of them don't give the exact estimation of snow cover fraction in forest zone.
A multiple mediation model testing whether the relationship between materialism and life satisfaction is explained by gratitude and spiritual jihad

ABSTRACT People with elevated materialistic values often report reduced life satisfaction. To understand this, our study investigated if gratitude and the spiritual jihad mindset, denoting the aspiration to bond with God through spiritual challenges, mediate this relationship. We surveyed 404 Muslim young adults (191 men; 213 women; aged 19–32) from Pakistan. Findings revealed a negative correlation between materialism and gratitude, spirituality, and life satisfaction. Conversely, gratitude, spirituality, and life satisfaction positively correlated with each other. Importantly, spiritual jihad was a negative mediator between materialism and life satisfaction, while gratitude was not significant in this role. Thus, for Muslim Pakistani university students, chasing materialistic ambitions may adversely impact well-being by neglecting spiritual closeness to Allah.
Clinical Oncology Society of Australia position statement on exercise in cancer care

Introduction: Clinical research has established exercise as a safe and effective intervention to counteract the adverse physical and psychological effects of cancer and its treatment. This article summarises the position of the Clinical Oncology Society of Australia (COSA) on the role of exercise in cancer care, taking into account the strengths and limitations of the evidence base. It provides guidance for all health professionals involved in the care of people with cancer about integrating exercise into routine cancer care.
Research Online Research

Worldwide, there is a growing emphasis on reducing coercion and involving social networks in the care of mental health clients. Nurses should encourage their clients to regain control over their lives, preferably with less coercion and with help from their social network. During four years, a Dutch evaluation study was deployed to determine the applicability of mobilising help from social networks of people with psychiatric problems. Specifically the potential of Family Group Conferencing was examined. In this discursive article the question, ‘what Family Group Conferencing adds to the existing methods that aim to reduce coercion in mental health care and promote inclusion’is addressed.
Substation Remote Viewing Image Mosaic based on Canny Operator and Harris Corner Detection

In order to improve the effect of substation operation remote video monitoring system, a new image mosaic method based on Canny operator and Harris corner detection is presented. Firstly, the edge feature points from two images are extracted by Canny edge detection; secondly, the corner feature points are extracted by Harris corner detection based on edge images; thirdly, the corresponding feature point pairs are got by the normalized cross correlation method around the corner feature points; finally, the images can be stitched by matched corner feature point pairs. The experiment of remote viewing image mosaic in substation shows that this method can achieve image mosaic effectively and it will be benefited to improve the safety and reliability of substation operation.
Tourist-virtual assistant communication: the power of attachment and authenticity

ABSTRACT This study analyses tourist-virtual assistant communication by demonstrating the effect of authenticity and attachment as drivers of engagement. A Qualtrics panel sample of 200 users of intelligent virtual assistants (IVA) for the purpose of tourism was recruited to fulfil a survey. Findings show that when users view their communication with IVA as authentic, they become engaged. Yet, the strength of the relationship between attachment and engagement tends to be higher than the relationship between authenticity and engagement. Prominence is more important in creating attachment than self-connection. Tourists who are closer to their IVA, thinking, feeling, and using it to interact with brands are also more related to the information and recommendations given by the IVA and establish a stronger interaction.
Constraining Plant Hydraulics With Microwave Radiometry in a Land Surface Model: Impacts of Temporal Resolution

Vegetation water content (VWC) plays a key role in transpiration, plant mortality, and wildfire risk. Although land surface models now often contain plant hydraulics schemes, there are few direct VWC measurements to constrain these models at global scale. One proposed solution to this data gap is passive microwave remote sensing, which is sensitive to temporal changes in VWC. Here, we test that approach by using synthetic microwave observations to constrain VWC and surface soil moisture within the Climate Modeling Alliance Land model. We further investigate the possible utility of sub‐daily observations of VWC, which could be obtained through a satellite in geostationary orbit or combinations of multiple satellites. These high‐temporal‐resolution observations could allow for improved determination of ecosystem parameters, carbon and water fluxes, and subsurface hydraulics, relative to the currently available twice‐daily sun‐synchronous observational patterns. We find that incorporating observations at four different times in the diurnal cycle (such as could be available from two sun‐synchronous satellites) provides a significantly better constraint on water and carbon fluxes than twice‐daily observations do. For example, the root mean square error of projected evapotranspiration and gross primary productivity during drought periods was reduced by approximately 40%, when using four‐times‐daily relative to twice‐daily observations. Adding hourly observations of the entire diurnal cycle did not further improve the inferred parameters and fluxes. Our comparison of observational strategies may be informative in the design of future satellite missions to study plant hydraulics, as well as when using existing remotely sensed data to study vegetation water stress response.
A comparative study on the current de-speckle methods for polarimetric synthetic aperture radar imagery processing

Speckle filtering seems to be a never-ending topic for polarimetric synthetic aperture radar imagery processing. Constantly emerging literatures demonstrate that this issue deserves further research effort, especially in the context of much more high spatial resolution. A comparative study will be performed in this paper for recently proposed method such as non-local SAR speckle filtering, Extended Sigma filter proposed by Lee, non-local means filter, Bilateral filter, and so on. Their performance on spatial details preserving and polarimetric properties preserving should be measured thoroughly. Further more the computing performance on large-scale dataset should also be measured.
Martian Crustal Model From a Joint Inversion of Receiver Functions and Apparent Shear Wave Velocity

Receiver function (RF) based studies have revealed the layered Martian crustal structure beneath the InSight, which provides key information about the composition, rock alteration, deep magma process, and thermal history of Mars. However, limited by the frequency and trade‐offs between the thickness and velocity, inverting RFs alone is difficult to provide an accurate image of the upper crust. Here, by achieving stable measurements of the apparent shear wave velocities (Vs,app) at different frequencies for high‐quality marsquakes, we perform a joint inversion with the RFs. Our crustal models differ from previous models by having an extra shallow structure in the upper crust, either a layer with a sharp velocity jump interface at 4.0 ± 0.9 km depth or a gradient structure with shear wave velocity increasing gradually from 1.1 ± 0.1 km/s near the surface to 1.7 ± 0.3 km/s at a depth of 6.0 ± 2.4 km, which well fits both RFs and Vs,app's. Such an upper crustal velocity model is consistent with the depth‐decaying of porosity due to self‐compaction and indicates a highly porous upper crust with a surface porosity larger than 30%. Besides, a much higher porosity decay constant than that scaled from the Moon is derived, suggesting different mechanical properties of the lunar and Martian crust.
Climate change projections in the Black Sea region based on CMIP5 model ensemble

Estimates of the future climate changes in the Black Sea region are of particular importance in light of rapidly developing infrastructure. 2014 Sochi Olympic Games, growing marine transportation, possible gas and oil exploration on the sea shelf: all these require an implemention of the growing factor of the global climate change in building strategies for social-economic development in the region. Previously, data of CMIP3 models have been used for analysis of temperature variability in the Black Sea region [1]. Here, we present some results of the analysis of anthropogenic climate change simulations for the 21 century using CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 5) model ensemble [2]. Some models were excluded from the analysis because they provide data only untill 2035. Selected models (23 in total) have different spatial resolutions ranging from 0.75x0. 75 to 2.8x2. 8. Before processing, all models’ data were interpolated on the same 1.0x1. 0 grid. Monthly mean data for the 21st century simulations performed under moderate anthropogenic scenario RCP 4.5 (Representative Concentration Pathways, experiment rcp45, implying 4.5W/m2 radiative forcing to the end of the 21 century) [3] were used for the analysis. Annual and seasonal changes of temperature and precipitation have been analyzed. Due to space limitation, here we present in broad strokes only the annual means. Changes for annual mean surface air temperature (SAT) and precipitation averaged for the selected model ensemble in the Black Sea region (24-48W, 40-50N) for 2006-2100 are shown in Fig. 1. In this region the yearly mean air temperature increase amounts from 1.9 C to 2.5 C. The largest SAT increase by 2.6C for the selected scenario is obtained in the north-eastern and southeastern area of this region, whereas relatively moderate increase in temperature (about 1.92.2C) is found in the central part of the Black Sea region (Fig. 1a) presumably due to larger thermal inertia of the Black Sea surface layer.
The complete plastome sequence of Heuchera micrantha Douglas ex Lindl. (Saxifragaceae), an ornamental plant

Abstract The perennial herb Heuchera micrantha (Saxifragaceae) is a popular ornamental plant. However, the plastome sequence of H. micrantha has not been reported yet. Here, we assembled the complete plastome of H. micrantha using Illumina high-throughput pair-end sequencing. The plastome is a circular DNA molecule of 155,469 bp, comprising a pair of inverted repeat (IR, 25,654 bp) regions, a small single copy (SSC, 18,050 bp) region, and a large single copy (LSC, 86,111 bp) region. It encodes 129 genes, of which 84 are protein-coding genes, 37 are transfer RNAs, and eight are rRNAs. The total GC content is 37.8%. Phylogenetic analysis shows that H. micrantha, together with three other Heuchera species is clustered with Tiarella cordifolia. This complete plastome is beneficial for future genetic research on the Heuchera group.