Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Webanalízis , avagy melyik a legértékésebb csúcs egy gráfban ?

A World Wide Web megszületése óta eltelt 20 év alatt az Internet az emberek mindennapjainak részévé vált. A kezdetben csak pár oldalból álló hálózat 2009. márciusában már több mint 25 milliárd [1], napjainkban pedig 35 milliárd [2] egymással hiperhivatkozásokon keresztül összekötött oldalt tartalmaz a legváltozatosabb témákról szolgáltatva információt. Manapság egy átlagos felhasználó az Internet elé ülve a rutinszerű tevékenységei (mint például a postafiók és pár gyakran látogatott oldal meglátogatasa) után vagy véletlenszerűen böngészi tovább a világhalót, vagy célirányosan próbál olyan oldalakat meglátogatni, ahol számára releváns információk lehetnek. Tekintettel a World Wide Web nagyságára, a hasznosnak bizonyuló oldalak megtalálása csupán bolyongással nem célravezető. A probléma megoldására hozták létre a keresőket. A felhasználók megadnak a keresőnek egy kérést, ami tipikusan kulcsszavak listájából áll, amire válaszként weboldalak listáját kapják. Általában ezek az oldalak tartalmazzák a keresőkifejezéseket is, de csupán ennyi nem elegendő, hiszen sok ezer, de akár millió oldal is tartalmazhatja ezen kifejezéseket. Ezért fontos, hogy a találati listát valamilyen módon relevancia szerint rangsoroljuk, hiszen a legtöbb felhasználó csak a tlista első oldalán – annak is az elején – felsorolt oldalakat tekinti meg. A 90-es évek vége felé használatos 4 legelterjedtebb keresőből még csak 1 találta meg saját magát, azaz csak 1-
Compound Eye Adaptations for Diurnal and Nocturnal Lifestyle in the Intertidal Ant, Polyrhachis sokolova

The Australian intertidal ant, Polyrhachis sokolova lives in mudflat habitats and nests at the base of mangroves. They are solitary foraging ants that rely on visual cues. The ants are active during low tides at both day and night and thus experience a wide range of light intensities. We here ask the extent to which the compound eyes of P. sokolova reflect the fact that they operate during both day and night. The ants have typical apposition compound eyes with 596 ommatidia per eye and an interommatidial angle of 6.0°. We find the ants have developed large lenses (33 µm in diameter) and wide rhabdoms (5 µm in diameter) to make their eyes highly sensitive to low light conditions. To be active at bright light conditions, the ants have developed an extreme pupillary mechanism during which the primary pigment cells constrict the crystalline cone to form a narrow tract of 0.5 µm wide and 16 µm long. This pupillary mechanism protects the photoreceptors from bright light, making the eyes less sensitive during the day. The dorsal rim area of their compound eye has specialised photoreceptors that could aid in detecting the orientation of the pattern of polarised skylight, which would assist the animals to determine compass directions required while navigating between nest and food sources.
Eloi, Morlocks, Metropolis, and the Touch of a Sorcerer’s Wand

Language can slip away from us. We write, we get into the flow of it, we get carried away, and we end up saying something we did not set out to say. Sometimes this is a positive experience. The act of writing results in new thinking and learning. Imagine Jack Mezirow writing out his definition of perspective transformation. Having set out to define a single element of his thinking, he ends up with a description of a theory of learning, all in one sentence.
Hurricane Eyewall Replacement Cycle Thermodynamics and the Relict Inner Eyewall Circulation

AbstractFlight-level aircraft data are used to examine inner-core thermodynamic changes during eyewall replacement cycles (ERCs) and the role of the relict inner eyewall circulation on the evolution of a hurricane during and following an ERC. Near the end of an ERC, the eye comprises two thermodynamically and kinematically distinct air masses separated by a relict wind maximum, inside of which high inertial stability restricts radial motion creating a “containment vessel” that confines the old-eye air mass. Restricted radial flow aloft also reduces subsidence within this confined region. Subsidence-induced warming is thus focused along the outer periphery of the developing post-ERC eye, which leads to a flattening of the pressure profile within the eye and a steepening of the gradient at the eyewall. This then causes a local intensification of the winds in the eyewall. The cessation of active convection and subsidence near the storm center, which has been occurring over the course of the ERC, leads to an .
I-Ssp6803I: the first homing endonuclease from the PD-(D/E)XK superfamily exhibits an unusual mode of DNA recognition

MOTIVATION Restriction endonucleases (REases) and homing endonucleases (HEases) are biotechnologically important enzymes. Nearly all structurally characterized REases belong to the PD-(D/E)XK superfamily of nucleases, while most HEases belong to an unrelated LAGLIDADG superfamily. These two protein folds are typically associated with very different modes of protein-DNA recognition, consistent with the different mechanisms of action required to achieve high specificity. REases recognize short DNA sequences using multiple contacts per base pair, while HEases recognize very long sites using a few contacts per base pair, thereby allowing for partial degeneracy of the target sequence. Thus far, neither REases with the LAGLIDADG fold, nor HEases with the PD-(D/E)XK fold, have been found. RESULTS Using protein fold recognition, we have identified the first member of the PD-(D/E)XK superfamily among homing endonucleases, a cyanobacterial enzyme I-Ssp6803I. We present a model of the I-Ssp6803I-DNA complex based on the structure of Type II restriction endonuclease R.BglI and predict the active site and residues involved in specific DNA sequence recognition by I-Ssp6803I. Our finding reveals a new unexpected evolutionary link between HEases and REases and suggests how PD-(D/E)XK nucleases may develop a 'HEase-like' way of interacting with the extended DNA sequence. This in turn may be exploited to study the evolution of DNA sequence specificity and to engineer nucleases with new substrate specificities.
Left ventricular volume measurement with echocardiography: a comparison of left ventricular opacification, three-dimensional echocardiography, or both with magnetic resonance imaging.

AIMS Both contrast enhanced (CE) two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) have been proposed as techniques to improve the accuracy of left ventricular (LV) volume measurements. We sought to examine the accuracy of non-contrast (NC) and CE-2DE and 3DE for calculation of LV volumes and ejection fraction (EF), relative to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 50 patients (46 men, age 63 +/- 10 year) with past myocardial infarction who underwent echocardiographic assessment of LV volume and function. All patients sequentially underwent NC-2DE followed by NC-3DE. CE-2DE and CE-3DE were acquired during contrast infusion. Resting echocardiographic image quality was evaluated on the basis of NC-2DE. The mean LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) of the group by MRI was 207 +/- 79 mL and was underestimated by 2DE (125 +/- 54 mL, P = 0.005), and less by CE-2DE (172 +/- 58 mL, P = 0.02) or 3DE (177 +/- 64 mL, P = 0.08), but EDV was comparable by CE-3DE (196 +/- 69 mL, P = 0.16). Limits of agreement with MRI were similar for NC-3DE and CE-2DE, with the best results for CE-3D. Results were similar for calculation of LVESV. Patients were categorized into groups of EF (< or =35, 35-50, >50%) by MRI. NC-2DE demonstrated a 68% agreement (kappa 0.45, P = 0.001), CE-2DE a 62% agreement (kappa 0.20, P = 136), NC-3DE a 74% agreement (kappa 0.39, P = 0.005) and CE-3DE an 80% agreement (kappa 0.56, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION CE-2DE is analogous to NC-3DE in accurate categorization of LV function. However, CE-3DE is feasible and superior to other NC- and CE-techniques in patients with previous infarction.
Courteous cache sharing: Being nice to others in capacity management

This paper proposes a cache management scheme for multiprogrammed, multithreaded applications, with the objective of obtaining maximum performance for both individual applications and the multithreaded workload mix. In this scheme, each individual application's performance is improved by increasing the priority of its slowest thread, while the overall system performance is improved by ensuring that each individual application's performance benefit does not come at the cost of a significant degradation to other application's threads that are sharing the same cache. Averaged over six workloads, our shared cache management scheme improves the performance of the combination of applications by 18%. These improvements across applications in each mix are also fair, as indicated by average fair speedup improvements of 10% across the threads of each application (averaged over all the workloads).
Extending Collaborative Learning Modeling with Emotional Information

This work presents some initial ideas on a data mining based approach for building affective collaborative systems. In particular, we focused on the modeling issues involved in providing open affective student interaction models by using data mining techniques. The approach facilitates transferability and analysis without human intervention, and extends with emotional information previous data mining based developments.
Série Scientifique Scientific Series Hypergame Analysis in E–commerce: a Preliminary Report Hypergame Analysis in E–commerce: a Preliminary Report

Les cahiers de la série scientifique (CS) visent à rendre accessibles des résultats de recherche effectuée au CIRANO afin de susciter échanges et commentaires. Ces cahiers sont écrits dans le style des publications scientifiques. Les idées et les opinions émises sont sous l'unique responsabilité des auteurs et ne représentent pas nécessairement les positions du CIRANO ou de ses partenaires. This paper presents research carried out at CIRANO and aims at encouraging discussion and comment. The observations and viewpoints expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors. They do not necessarily represent positions of CIRANO or its partners. Résumé / Abstract Dans les jeux classiques, il est supposé que "tous les joueurs voient le même jeu'', i.e., que les joueurs sont au courant des stratégies et des préférences des uns et des autres. Aux vu des applications réelles, cette supposition est très forte dans la mesure où les différences de perception affectant la prise de décision semblent plus relevées de la règle que de l'exception. Des tentatives ont été faites, par le passé, pour incorporer les distorsions aux niveaux des perceptions, mais la plupart de ces tentatives ont été essentiellement basées sur le "quantitatif" (comme les probabilités, les facteurs de risques, etc.) et par conséquent, trop subjectives en général. Une approche qui semble être attractive pour pallier à cela, consiste à voir les joueurs comme jouant "différents jeux'' dans une sorte d'hyper-jeu. Dans ce papier, nous présentons une approche "hyper-jeu'' comme outil d'analyse entre agents dans le cadre d'un environnement multi-agent. Nous donnons un aperçu (très succinct) de la formalisation d'un tel hyper-jeux et nous expliquerons ensuite, comment les agents pourraient intervenir via un agent-médiateur quand ils ont des perceptions différentes. Après cela, nous expliquerons comment les agents pourraient tirer avantage des perceptions différentes. In usual game theory, it is normally assumed that " all the players see the same game " , i.e., they are aware of each other's strategies and preferences. This assumption is very strong for real life where differences in perception affecting the decision making process seem to be the rule rather the exception. Attempts have been made to incorporate misperceptions of various types, but most of these attempts are based on quantities (as probabilities, risk factors, etc.) which are too subjective in general. One approach that seems to be very attractive is to consider that the players are trying to play " different games " in …
COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING ALCOHOL-INDUCED RISKY DRIVING

OF DISSERTATION COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING ALCOHOL-INDUCED RISKY DRIVING Alcohol intoxication represents one situation an individual might increase their amount of risk taking when driving. This dissertation is comprised of three studies that investigate the mechanisms by which alcohol increases driver risk-taking. Study 1 examined the effect of alcohol on driver risk-taking using a proxemics approach. The study also tested whether alcohol-induced increases in risky driving co-occurred with pronounced impairment in the driver’s skill. The study also examined whether the most disinhibited drivers were also the riskiest. Indeed, alcohol increased driver risk-taking and impaired driving skill. The study also revealed risky driving can be dissociable from impairing effects on driver skill and that poor inhibitory control is selectively related to elevated risky driving. Studies 2 and 3 built on this work by addressing whether the apparent dissociation between behavioral measures of driver risk and skill was mediated by perceptions the drivers held. While maintaining the distinction between driver risk and skill, Study 2 tested the relationship between drivers’ BAC estimations and their tendency to take risks on the roadway. Drivers who estimated their BAC to be lower were the riskiest drivers following both alcohol and placebo. Study 3 addressed whether risky driving could be increased by environmental factors that shape perceptions the driver holds. There is evidence post-licensure training programs might inadvertently generate overconfidence in drivers’ perceived ability to operate a motor vehicle and thus fail to perceive dangers normally associated with risky driving behavior. To test this hypothesis, twenty-four drivers received either advanced skill training or no training in a driving simulator. Drivers who received skill training showed increased risky driving under alcohol whereas those who received no training tended to decrease their risk taking. Trained drivers also self-reported more confidence in their driving ability. Taken together, these studies represent a large step towards the betterment of laboratory-based models of driving behavior. The work highlights the importance of distinguishing between driver risk-taking and driving skill. The studies also identified that drivers’ personal beliefs influence alcohol-induced risky driving; this suggests training programs focused on correcting drivers’ misconceptions might be most efficacious in reducing their risk taking on the roadway.
Sentence Type Based Reordering Model for Statistical Machine Translation

Many reordering approaches have been proposed for the statistical machine translation (SMT) system. However, the information about the type of source sentence is ignored in the previous works. In this paper, we propose a group of novel reordering models based on the source sentence type for Chinese-to-English translation. In our approach, an SVM-based classifier is employed to classify the given Chinese sentences into three types: special interrogative sentences, other interrogative sentences, and non-question sentences. The different reordering models are developed oriented to the different sentence types. Our experiments show that the novel reordering models have obtained an improvement of more than 2.65% in BLEU for a phrase-based spoken language translation system.
Evaluating Network-on-Chip for Homogeneous Embedded Multiprocessors in FPGAs

This paper presents performance and area evaluation of a homogeneous multiprocessor communication system based on network-on-chip (NoC) in FPGA platforms. Two homogenous chip multiprocessor proposals were designed and compared for Xilinx FPGAs using MicroBlaze processors: one based on NoC and the other based on shared memory/bus. One of the main findings is the communication performance evaluation of NoC for parallel computing applications. The comparison results show that an efficient implementation of NoC on FPGA can improve communication speed by up to seven times with low area overhead, according to the data size and the number of processors connected to the network.
Rapid 3D City Model Approximation from Publicly Available Geographic Data Sources and Georeferenced Aerial Images

We present a fully automatic, object- centered approach for creating 3D city models by combining public domain geographic information with highly overlapping aerial images. In a first step, we create a polygonal 3D surface mesh from terrain elevation data provided by the Shuttle Radar Topog- raphy Mission. Second, we transfer building outline polygons from 2D vector maps provided by the Open- StreetMap project to georeferenced aerial images and extract image patches of individual buildings. Subsequently, we perform dense multi-view image matching to estimate a depth map for the roof pix- els from which we approximate building heights and roof structures. This allows to reconstruct a polyhe- dral 3D city model of an area of 1 km 2 with more than 700 buildings in less than 10 minutes on commodity hardware. Our model satisfies the CityGML Level- of-Detail accuracy requirements of +/- 2 m, evalu- ated by comparison to reference height data from air- borne laser scanning. The obtained textured meshes are suitable for city planning, interactive visualiza- tion or simulations and may serve as base meshes for future refinement of the geometry.
On the generalized degrees of freedom region of the MIMO interference channel with no CSIT

The generalized degrees of freedom region (GDoF) of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) interference channel (IC) is studied under the “no CSIT” assumption under which there is perfect channel state information (CSI) at the receivers and no CSI at the transmitters (CSIT). In the very weak interference regime, where the ratio of channel gains (in dB) of the interfering and direct links, α, is ≤ 0.5, the GDoF regions are characterized for the two classes of the MIMO ICs defined by (a) M<inf>1</inf> = N<inf>1</inf> > M<inf>2</inf> ≥ N<inf>2</inf> and (b) M<inf>1</inf> = N<inf>1</inf> > N<inf>2</inf> > M<inf>2</inf> (where M<inf>i</inf> is the number of antennas at transmitter i and N<inf>i</inf> is the number of antennas at receiver i, i ∈ {1, 2}). In particular, inner-bounds are obtained by developing CSI-independent coding schemes using which it is shown that for each of the two classes a significant portion of the perfect-CSIT GDoF region can be achieved even without CSIT. Furthermore, tight outer-bounds to the no-CSIT GDoF regions are obtained that simultaneously account for the interference encountered by both the receivers. These bounds are thus fundamentally different from those derived in earlier works which deal with the case of α = 1, i.e., the degrees of freedom (DoF) regions. Interestingly, it is found that the loss of DoFs due to lack of CSIT is much less pronounced for the α ≤ 1 over 2 than it is for α = 1.
Performance Analysis of a Full-Duplex Cooperative Diversity Scheme with Partial Channel Knowledge at the Cooperating Nodes DOI: 10.14209/jcis.2009.5

We propose a cooperative diversity scheme for a communication system consisting of NT cooperating nodes that receive log2(NT) feedback bits from the destination node on the channel state information. This information is used appropriately to obtain cooperative diversity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gains. A simple linear detector and an interference cancelation detector are proposed. It is shown that their error rates are quite close to that of the maximum likelihood detector. An upper bound for the average bit error probability for binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation over a Rayleigh fading channel is derived. In addition, through computer simulations, it is verified that the proposed scheme offers a good error performance when the inter-user channel SNR is high or when the inter-user channel has a well-defined line-of-sight component. In other words, the new scheme becomes interesting when the cooperating nodes are close to each other.
Novel half-bridge resonant converter topology realized by adjusting transformer parameters

This paper shows a new direction as to how the transformer parameters may be best utilized and presents the performance and control of novel DC/DC and AC/DC converter topologies. All three inductances of a transformer have been utilized to realize a CL/sup 3/ topology having excellent characteristics and requiring no external inductor. For the half-bridge topology, the capacitor used for the purpose of input voltage splitting also serves as the resonating capacitor. Thus, in the half-bridge version, the topology is realized only with a specially designed transformer and no other external components. A laboratory setup is produced and experiments conducted for DC/DC and AC/DC applications. A new design procedure and control technique for the converters are also presented. These topologies are very promising in small-power applications.
Human chorionic gonadotropin and growth factors at the embryonic-endometrial interface control leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) secretion by human endometrial epithelium.

BACKGROUND The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms by which the embryo contributes to its implantation is an area of extensive research. The main objective of this study was to investigate the pattern of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion by human endometrial epithelium, and their regulation by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and other growth factors present at the embryonic-endometrial interface. METHODS Endometrial epithelial cells (EEC) were isolated from biopsies collected at both proliferative and secretory phases of fertile women. RESULTS HCG (1-50 IU/ml) increased LIF secretion by EEC cultures derived from follicular phase (up to 285+/-75%) or from secretory phase (up to 212+/-16%). In contrast, hCG reduced IL-6 secretion by EEC in both phases. The hCG/LH receptor gene was transcribed by EEC as evidenced by RT-PCR. Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 increased LIF secretion by EEC. Transforming growth factor beta1 stimulated LIF and reduced IL-6 secretion. CONCLUSIONS Through hCG, the blastocyst may be involved in the control of its implantation (via an increase of proimplantatory LIF) and tolerance (via an inhibition of proinflammatory IL-6). Other growth factors present at the embryonic-endometrial interface are also involved in the control of LIF and IL-6 endometrial secretion.
Analysis and design of compact coplanar waveguide fed slot antenna for wireless applications

In this paper the analysis and design of compact CPW-fed slot antenna that operates in the IEEE 802.11a frequency band from 5.15 GHz to 5.35 GHz for wireless applications through a single grounded coplanar waveguide port for achieving sectorized radiation pattern is presented. The antenna is designed on a RT/duroid 5880 substrate with a permittivity 2.22 and with the size of 18.8 mm times 12.3 mm times 3.175 mm. The antenna has a 5 % VSWR (2.3:1) bandwidth around 5.24 GHz. The fundamental parameters of the antenna such as impedance, return loss, VSWR and polarization are obtained. All meets the acceptable antenna standards. Simulation tool, based on the method of moments (ZELAND IE3D version 12.0) has been used to analyze and optimize the antenna.