Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The twisted radio structure of PSO J334.2028+01.4075, still a supermassive binary black hole candidate

Supermassive binary black holes (BBHs) on sub-parsec scales are prime targets for gravitational wave experiments. They also provide insights on close binary evolution and hierarchical structure formation. Sub-parsec BBHs cannot be spatially resolved but indirect methods can identify candidates. In 2015 Liu et al. reported an optical-continuum periodicity in the quasar PSO J334.2028+01.4075, with the estimated mass and rest-frame period suggesting an orbital separation of about 0.006 pc (0.7 μ arcsec). The persistence of the quasar's optical periodicity has recently been disfavoured over an extended baseline. However, if a radio jet is launched from a sub-parsec BBH, the binary's properties can influence the radio structure on larger scales. Here, we use the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) and Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) to study the parsec- and kiloparsec-scale emission energized by the quasar's putative BBH. We find two VLBA components separated by 3.6 mas (30 pc), tentatively identifying one as the VLBA ‘core’ from which the other was ejected. The VLBA components contribute to a point-like, time-variable VLA source that is straddled by lobes spanning 8 arcsec (66 kpc). We classify PSO J334.2028+01.4075 as a lobe-dominated quasar, albeit with an atypically large twist of 39° between its elongation position angles on parsec- and kiloparsec-scales. By analogy with 3C 207, a well-studied lobe-dominated quasar with a similarly-rare twist, we speculate that PSO J334.2028+01.4075 could be ejecting jet components over an inner cone that traces a precessing jet in a BBH system.
A Surface Density Perturbation in the TW Hydrae Disk at 95 au Traced by Molecular Emission

We present ALMA Cycle 2 observations at 0. ″5 resolution of TW Hya of CS emission. The radial profile of the integrated line emission displays oscillatory features outward of 1. ″5 ( au). A dip-like feature at 1. ″6 is coincident in location, depth, and width with features observed in dust scattered light at near-infrared wavelengths. Using a thermochemical model indicative of TW Hya, gas-grain chemical modeling, and non-LTE radiative transfer, we demonstrate that such a feature can be reproduced with a surface density depression, consistent with the modeling performed for scattered-light observations of TW Hya. We further demonstrate that a gap in the dust distribution and dust opacity only cannot reproduce the observed CS feature. The outer enhancement at 3. ″1 is identified as a region of intensified desorption due to enhanced penetration of the interstellar far-UV radiation at the exponential edge of the disk surface density, which intensifies the photochemical processing of gas and ices.
Analytic solution to field distribution in two-dimensional inhomogeneous waveguides

We present a novel theoretical approach for analytically solving wave propagation through two-dimensional (2D) inhomogeneous slab waveguides. The validity and reliability of our analytical approach is verified by its application to electrical field distribution in 2D waveguides, when compared with numerically exact solution. The main advantage of this theoretical treatment is that the obtained solution is global and can be presented in an analytical form. The effects of the refractive index profile on the guided modes are analyzed by introducing the field distributions of the guided modes. Our analytical calculations show significant potential for use in various applications.
Mn12-acetate film pattern generated by photolithography methods

We demonstrate a straightforward way to lithographically fabricate Mn12-acetate thin film patterns on Si∕SiO2 surfaces, a significant step in light of the chemical volatility of this organic complex. Atomic force micrographs show low surface roughness. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data and magnetic measurements of the Mn12-acetate film indicate properties reminiscent of crystalline Mn12-acetate, suggesting that this approach can be used to fabricate lithographically patterned devices of Mn12-acetate.
Identification and screening of enzymatic abilities of Ktedonobacteria from forest soil of Cisolok Geothermal Area, Indonesia

Abstract. Rachmania MK, Ningsih F, Sari DCAF, Eshananda Y, Sakai Y, Yabe S, Yokota A, Sjamsuridzal W. 2022. Identification and screening of enzymatic abilities of Ktedonobacteria from forest soil of Cisolok Geothermal Area, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4686-4695. This study aimed to provide information on culturable Ktedonobacteria from forest soil in the Cisolok geothermal area and their potential as enzyme producers. Twelve ktedonobacterial isolates were obtained from this study and identified based on full-sequence of the 16S rRNA gene. Seventeen isolates (including five isolates from previous studies) were used for enzymatic screening and phylogenetic analyses. Screening of amylolytic (0.5% soluble starch) and cellulolytic (0.5% carboxymethylcellulose) (CMC) activities from ktedonobacterial isolates was performed on a ten-fold diluted R2A agar medium, and were incubated at 30 °C for 21 days. The EzBioCloud search revealed that all isolates showed low sequence similarities with Dictyobacter aurantiacus S-27T (97.82 to 98.18%) as their closest related species. The phylogenetic tree showed that all isolates belong to the genus Dictyobacter (family Dictyobacteraceae of the class Ktedonobacteria). All isolates formed a monophyletic group and were placed as the sister clade to D. aurantiacus, as supported by a very strong bootstrap value (99%). Screening of amylolytic and cellulolytic abilities showed that most isolates (88.23%) were able to degrade both 0.5% starch and 0.5% CMC as substrates. This study revealed the presence of Ktedonobacteria with amylolytic and cellulolytic abilities in the forest soil of Cisolok geothermal area.
On the photodissociation of H2 by the first stars

The first star formation in the Universe is expected to take place within small protogalaxies, in which the gas is cooled by molecular hydrogen. However, if massive stars form within these protogalaxies, they may suppress further star formation by photodissociating the H2. We examine the importance of this effect by estimating the time-scale on which significant H2 is destroyed. We show that photodissociation is significant in the least massive protogalaxies, but becomes less so as the protogalactic mass increases. We also examine the effects of photodissociation on dense clumps of gas within the protogalaxy. We find that while collapse will be inhibited in low-density clumps, denser ones may survive to form stars.
Galaxy Inclination and the IRX–β Relation: Effects on UV Star Formation Rate Measurements at Intermediate to High Redshifts

At intermediate and high redshifts, measurements of galaxy star formation rates are usually based on rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) data. A correction for dust attenuation, AUV, is needed for these measurements. This correction is typically inferred from UV spectral slopes (β) using an equation known as “Meurer’s Relation. ” In this paper, we study this relation at a redshift of 1.5 using images and photometric measurements in the rest-frame UV (HST) through mid-infrared (Spitzer). It is shown that massive star-forming galaxies (above ) have dust corrections that are dependent on their inclination to the line of sight. Edge-on galaxies have higher AUV and infrared excess (IRX = L(IR)/L(UV)) than face-on galaxies at a given β. Interestingly, dust corrections for low-mass star-forming galaxies do not depend on inclination. This is likely because more massive galaxies have more disk-like shapes/kinematics, while low-mass galaxies are more prolate and have more disturbed kinematics. To account for an inclination-dependent dust correction, a modified Meurer’s Relation is derived: , where b/a is the galaxy axis ratio. This inclination dependence of AUV can be explained by a two-component model of the dust distribution inside galaxies. In such a model, the dust attenuation of edge-on galaxies has a higher contribution from a mixture component (dust uniformly mixed with stars in the diffuse interstellar medium), and a lower contribution from a birth cloud component (near-spherical dust shells surrounding young stars in H ii regions) than that of face-on galaxies. The difference is caused by the larger path lengths through disks at higher inclinations.
Prevalence of Compassion Fatigue and Its Association with Professional Identity in Junior College Nursing Interns: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The issue of compassion fatigue among clinical nurses has received considerable attention, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, the current status of compassion fatigue among junior college nursing interns remains unclear. Additionally, professional identity can modulate the impact of compassion fatigue or burnout on psychological well-being; however, whether professional identity still works in this group is also unclear. This study aimed to reveal the current status of compassion fatigue among nursing interns in junior colleges and also investigate the association between compassion fatigue and professional identity. Methods: This cross-sectional survey evaluated the levels of participants’ compassion fatigue (The Compassion Fatigue Short Scale) and professional identity (Professional Identity Scale) in 2256 nursing interns. Results: The mean score of compassion fatigue was 44.99, and 19.5% of the participants scored above The Compassion Fatigue Short Scale median scores for compassion fatigue. A moderate negative correlation was detected between compassion fatigue and professional identity. Conclusions: The level of compassion fatigue among nursing interns is low but nearly one in five nursing students is at risk of compassion fatigue. More attention should be paid to nursing interns with a high risk of compassion fatigue. Future studies are warranted to explore which pathways could mediate the relationship between professional identify and comparison fatigue.
Tunnelling conductance of clean and doped Al-I-Pb junctions

The measured conductance of clean and doped Al-I-Pb tunnel junctions has been fitted by a WDB calculation of the conductance by varying the barrier parameters. In undoped junctions the barrier so deduced is highly asymmetric with phi 1 approximately=1.5 eV and phi 2 approximately=4.5 eV. A concentration gradient of fractionally charged negative hydroxyl species incorporated within the barrier during its growth is suggested as the cause of the asymmetry. A thin ( approximately 2.5 AA) high ( approximately 10 eV) barrier, associated with the organic layer, in doped samples satisfactorily reproduces the measured conductances in the calculation but it is surprisingly insensitive to the dopant (acetic acid, lauric acid, phenol and m-cresol).
MOF-808: a novel solid-acid catalyst for methanol conversion to environmentally clean fuel dimethyl ether

Abstract In this study, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) based on zirconium which are called MOF-808 were synthesized by solvothermal method. A series of Zr-MOF were synthesized at different temperatures and reaction times to find the best synthesis samples to produce dimethyl ether from dehydration of methanol. As synthesized MOFs were characterized with x-ray diffraction, standard electron microscopy, and BET, they showed high methanol conversion and selectivity for methanol oxidation. The relationship between crystallinity, reactivity and relation catalysts life was discussed. For the first time, this MOF was used as a solid catalyst in the conversion of methanol to dimethyl ether due to its thermal stability and moderate acidity. The results show that all samples had a crystalline structure and were properly synthesized. The performance of the synthesized catalysts, the selectivity, and the effect of reactor temperature in the conversion of methanol to dimethyl ether in a tubular reactor with weight hourly space velocity = 5 h−1 were investigated. The highest surface area is nearly 1360 m2/g, size dimension of samples is in the range of 200–800 nm, and the highest Langmuir surface area is 1530 m2/g.
Determination of polarization field in a semipolar (112¯2) InGa∕GaN single quantum well using Franz–Keldysh oscillations in electroreflectance

We present an electroreflectance study of the polarization field in a semipolar (112¯2) oriented In0.12Ga0. 88N quantum well. We demonstrate that the polarization field in a quantum well can be determined by the electric field in the barrier region measured by Franz–Keldysh oscillations. The polarization field is found to be 575±150kV∕cm, in the same direction as the built-in field. The corresponding polarization is 0.006±0.002C∕m2. Our experimental result indicates that in the semipolar InGaN∕GaN QW there is a crossover angle where the polarization field vanishes, and this crossover angle is less than 58°.
Enhanced Robustness of a Bridge-Type Rf-Mems Switch for Enabling Applications in 5G and 6G Communications

In this paper, new suspended-membrane double-ohmic-contact RF-MEMS switch configurations are proposed. Double-diagonal (DDG) beam suspensions, with either two or three anchoring points, are designed and optimized to minimize membrane deformation due to residual fabrication stresses, thus exhibiting smaller mechanical deformation and a higher stiffness with more release force than previously designed single diagonal beam suspensions. The two-anchor DDGs are designed in two different orientations, in-line and 90°-rotated. The membrane may include a window to minimize the coupling to the lower electrode. The devices are integrated in a coplanar-waveguide transmission structure and fabricated using an eight-mask surface-micro-machining process on high-resistivity silicon, with dielectric-free actuation electrodes, and including glass protective caps. The RF-MEMS switch behavior is assessed from measurements of the device S parameters in ON and OFF states. The fabricated devices feature a measured pull-in voltage of 76.5 V/60 V for the windowed/not-windowed two-anchor DDG membranes, and 54 V/49.5 V for the windowed/not-windowed three-anchor DDG membranes, with a good agreement with mechanical 3D simulations. The measured ON-state insertion loss is better than 0.7 dB/0.8 dB and the isolation in the OFF state is better than 40 dB/31 dB up to 20 GHz for the in-line/90°-rotated devices, also in good agreement with 2.5D electromagnetic simulations.
Two-Channel Detecting Sensor with Signal Cross-Correlation for FTIR Instruments

This paper’s purpose was to demonstrate a performance of a novel approach in a low-noise optical sensor for an FTIR spectrometer. Methods: Compared to the standard FTIR detection setup, our sensor ensures a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and lower signal standard deviation by reducing the uncorrelated noise components (e.g., thermal and 1/f noises of the detection module). Its construction is based on two-channel detection modules and a processing unit with implemented cross-correlation signal analyses. Each module was built of LWIR HgCdTe photodiodes and low-noise transimpedance amplifiers. Results: the experiments demonstrated a decrease in a signal standard deviation of about 1.7 times with a 10 dB-improvement in the SNR. Conclusion: this result indicates our sensor’s main benefit, especially in registered “weak” and noisy interferograms.
Neural network-based motion modeling and control of water-actuated soft robotic fish

Soft actuator has broad application prospects due to its good compliance to different environments. However, its deformation is difficult to be described by the traditional method, so it is impossible to establish an accurate model of its motion, resulting in the difficulty of motion control of the software actuator. In this study, a soft robotic fish is designed, and a motion modeling method is proposed applying the neural network. The neural network-based motion model of the water-actuated soft robotic fish is constructed through neural network training with data collected by visual sensor. Further, a data set of control signals about the desired swing angle of robotic fish is established based on the motion model and stochastic algorithm, and the accurate motion control of the robot is implemented. The accuracy of the motion control method and the free swimming ability of the soft robotic fish using the control method in the water are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively through the static and dynamic swing experiments of the robotic. This study provides a new idea for the motion modeling of soft actuators, which can effectively promote the development of modeling methods and theories of soft robots.
Adaptive Fuzzy Predefined-Time Dynamic Surface Control for Attitude Tracking of Spacecraft With State Constraints

This study focuses on the adaptive fuzzy predefined-time attitude tracking control problem for rigid spacecraft with inertia uncertainties, external disturbances, and state constraints. In control design, fuzzy logic systems are adopted to approximate the unknown nonlinear dynamics, and a quadratic-fraction barrier Lyapunov function is introduced to ensure that the predefined state constraints are not violated. Compared with the existing dynamic surface control approaches, a novel predefined-time filter and an adaptive fuzzy predefined-time controller are presented, such that the filter error and attitude tracking error can converge to a small region in predefined time simultaneously, where the minimum upper bound of settling time can be exactly preset by tuning one control parameter. Comparative simulation results are carried out to verify the superiority and efficacy of the presented strategy.
Structural and chemical embrittlement of grain boundaries by impurities: A general theory and first-principles calculations for copper

First-principles calculations of the $\ensuremath{\Sigma}5(310)[001]$ symmetric tilt grain boundary in Cu with Bi, Na, and Ag substitutional impurities provide evidence that in the phenomenon of Bi embrittlement of Cu grain boundaries electronic effects do not play a major role; on the contrary, the embrittlement is mostly a structural or ``size'' effect. Na is predicted to be nearly as good an embrittler as Bi, whereas Ag does not embrittle the boundary in agreement with experiment. While we reject the prevailing view that ``electronic'' effects (i.e., charge transfer) are responsible for embrittlement, we do not exclude the role of chemistry. However, numerical results show a striking equivalence between the alkali metal Na and the semimetal Bi, small differences being accounted for by their contrasting ``size'' and ``softness'' (defined here). In order to separate structural and chemical effects unambiguously if not uniquely, we model the embrittlement process by taking the system of grain boundary and free surfaces through a sequence of precisely defined gedanken processes; each of these representing a putative mechanism. We thereby identify three mechanisms of embrittlement by substitutional impurities, two of which survive in the case of embrittlement or cohesion enhancement by interstitials. Two of the three are purely structural and the third contains both structural and chemical elements that by their very nature cannot be further unraveled. We are able to take the systems we study through each of these stages by explicit computer simulations and assess the contribution of each to the net reduction in intergranular cohesion. The conclusion we reach is that embrittlement by both Bi and Na is almost exclusively structural in origin; that is, the embrittlement is a size effect.
Biscuits Prepared with Enzymatically-Processed Soybean Meal Are Rich in Isoflavone Aglycones, Sensorially Well-Accepted and Stable during Storage for Six Months

Soybean meal (SBM) is a co-product of the soybean oil industry that is rich in bioactive compounds, such as isoflavones. We aimed to study the effects of processing SBM by fermentation (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (FSBM) and enzymatic hydrolysis (CelluMax C, a commercial cellulase) (ESBM) on its chemical composition, with emphasis on isoflavones. Fermentation increased protein content by 9%, ash content by 7%, dietary fiber by 11% and minerals by up to 38%, except for iron, which decreased by 26%. Fermentation completely removed oligosaccharides from SBM, while enzymatic processing decreased oligosaccharides by 45% in SBM. Both processes converted glycosylated isoflavones into the corresponding aglycones, the content of which increased by up to 7.7-fold. Biscuits containing SBM, FSBM and ESBM could be labeled as dietary sources of dietary fibers, potassium, phosphorous, calcium and zinc, as well as high in proteins, copper, iron, manganese and magnesium. While FSBM biscuits had lower sensory scores compared to SBM biscuits, ESBM biscuits had equivalent scores. During storage for 180 days at room temperature, the isoflavone profile of all biscuits remained stable. Moreover, storage did not impair microbiological and sensory qualities of any biscuits. Altogether, ESBM biscuits show great marketing potential.
Compact 20-pass thin-disk amplifier insensitive to thermal lensing

We present a multi-pass amplifier which passively compensates for distortions of the spherical phase front occurring in the active medium. The design is based on the Fourier transform propagation which makes the output beam parameters insensitive to variation of thermal lens effects in the active medium. The realized system allows for 20 reflections on the active medium and delivers a small-signal gain of 30 with M2 = 1.16. Its novel geometry combining Fourier transform propagations with 4f-imaging stages as well as a compact array of adjustable mirrors allows for a layout with a footprint of 400 mm × 1000 mm.
On averages seen by arrivals in discrete time

A study is made of the limiting behavior of averages from an embedded stochastic process obtained by sampling a discrete-time stochastic process at points of an associated discrete-time stochastic point process. It is determined when the limit of the averages from the embedded process coincides with the limit of the averages from the original process. In a certain stationary Markov framework, this happens if and only if the point process is a Bernoulli sequence with future points being independent of the state of the Markov process. <<ETX>>
Alternative Best Effort (ABE) for Service Differentiation: Trading Loss Versus Delay

The idea of an Alternative Best Effort (ABE) per-hop behaviour (PHB) emerged about 20 years ago. It provides a low-delay traffic class in the Internet at the expense of more packet loss than Best Effort (BE). Therefore, ABE is better suited than BE for loss-tolerant but delay-sensitive applications. Furthermore, ABE traffic should not degrade the service for BE traffic in terms of packet loss and delay. Therefore, Internet service providers may leave the choice of using BE or ABE to their customers as they achieve service differentiation without compromising other traffic. In this work, we revisit ABE and pursue the fundamental question whether an ABE service is technically feasible, how its service would look like and interact with existing transport protocols? We present a novel scheduler called Deadlines, Saved Credits, and Decay (DSCD) for combined scheduling of BE and ABE traffic. It allows to control ABE’s delay advantage over BE and copes with varying bandwidth. We provide an implementation of DSCD in the Linux network stack and demonstrate its efficiency. A side product of the implementation is an efficient approximation of the exponential function in the kernel and a bandwidth estimation method that even works at moderate link utilization. We study DSCD in a semi-virtualized testbed with real networking stacks to understand implications for transport protocols in a BE/ABE Internet. The study analyzes ABE’s impact on loss and delay under various conditions and gives recommendations for configuration.