Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Working memory load elicits attentional bias to threat

Anxious individuals tend to show attentional bias to threats and dangers; this is usually in-terpreted as a specific bias in threat-processing. However, they also tend to show general working memory and cognitive control impairments. We hypothesised that the lack of work-ing memory resources might contribute to attentional bias, by limiting anxious individuals’ ability to regulate their responses to emotional stimuli. If this is true, then loading working memory should elicit attentional bias to threat, even in non-anxious participants. We tested this hypothesis in two experiments, with participants unselected for anxiety. In Experiment 1, a phonological working memory load (remembering a string of digits) elicited an attentional bias to fear-conditioned Japanese words. In Experiment 2, a visuo-spatial working memory load (remembering a series of locations in a matrix of squares) elicited an attentional bias to emotional schematic faces. Results suggest that working memory and cognitive control may moderate the attentional bias to threat commonly observed in anxiety.
Automatic aesthetic quality assessment of photographic images using deep convolutional neural network

Aesthetics can be defined as the study of various emotions related to the sense of beauty. Nowadays there is a fast growth in the use of digital images which is used for representing information. With the increase in the number of photos, it has become complicated to evaluate its quality. Image aesthetic evaluation methods depends on many aesthetic features. People give more attention to the photos which are visually satisfying. Evaluation of aesthetic quality is a challenging task which require knowledge about aesthetic features. Some low level features like contrast, sharpness, colorfulness etc are used to calculate aesthetic score of an image. This paper present a system for automatic aesthetic quality assessment of photographic images using deep convolutional neural network.
The risk-utility tradeoff for IP address truncation

Network operators are reluctant to share traffic data due to security and privacy concerns. Consequently, there is a lack of publicly available traces for validating and generalizing the latest results in network and security research. Anonymization is a possible solution in this context; however, it is unclear how the sanitization of data preserves characteristics important for traffic analysis. In addition, the privacy-preserving property of state-of-the-art IP address anonymization techniques has come into question by recent attacks that successfully identified a large number of hosts in anonymized traces. In this paper, we examine the tradeoff between data utility for anomaly detection and the risk of host identification for IP address truncation. Specifically, we analyze three weeks of unsampled and non-anonymized network traces from a medium-sized backbone network to assess data utility. The risk of de-anonymizing individual IP addresses is formally evaluated, using a metric based on conditional entropy. Our results indicate that truncation effectively prevents host identification but degrades the utility of data for anomaly detection. However, the degree of degradation depends on the metric used and whether network-internal or external addresses are considered. Entropy metrics are more resistant to truncation than unique counts and the detection quality of anomalies degrades much faster in internal addresses than in external addresses. In particular, the usefulness of internal address counts is lost even for truncation of only 4 bits whereas utility of external address entropy is virtually unchanged even for truncation of 20 bits.
Improving Quality of Preventive Care at a Student-Run Free Clinic

Student-run clinics increasingly serve as primary care providers for patients of lower socioeconomic status, but studies show that quality of care at student-run clinics has room for improvement. Purpose To examine change in provision of preventive services in a student-run free clinic after implementation of a student-led QI intervention involving prompting. Method Review of patient charts pre- and post-intervention, examining adherence to screening guidelines for diabetes, dyslipidemia, HIV, and cervical cancer. Results Adherence to guidelines among eligible patients increased after intervention in 3 of 4 services examined. Receipt of HIV testing increased from 33% (80/240) to 48% (74/154; p = 0.004), fasting lipid panel increased from 53% (46/86) to 72% (38/53; p = 0.033), and fasting blood glucose increased from 59% (27/46) to 82% (18/22; p = 0.059). Conclusions This student-run free clinic implemented a student-led QI intervention that increased provision of prevention. Such a model for QI could extend to other student-run clinics nationally.
A Framework for Authentication in Vehicular Ad-hoc Network using Identity based approach

: - In Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANETs), security is a primary concern, as it affects traffic safety. Authentication in essence is an important security requirement to avoid attacks on vehicular communication. To provide authentication with some privacy to the users, we propose an authentication framework that uses pseudonyms, which are self-generated are used as key value in communication among vehicles. ID-Based Signature (IBS) Scheme and the ID-Based Online / Offline Signature (IBOOS) Schemes are used, which provides authentication for the basic three types of communication in VANET, namely the vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, Vehicle to Roadside (V2R) communication. and Roadside unit to Vehicle (R2V) communication. Simulation result demonstrate that the use of IBS/IBOOS has improved reduced packet delivery ratio and decreased storage latency and hence this approach proves to be very suitable for VANET architecture.
The Realization of an Area-Efficient CMOS Bandgap Reference Circuit with Less than 1.25 V of Output Voltage Using a Fractional VBE Amplification Scheme

This paper describes a CMOS voltage reference circuit which occupies small die area and has less than 1.25 V of output voltage. The reference voltage is determined by a resistor ratio, and it is possible to set the reference voltage from zero to near the supply voltage with the same temperature independence as those of Widlar's and Brokaw's bandgap voltage references. The temperature-independent reference voltage is formed by adding two voltages: the amplified fractional V BE (base-to-emitter voltage) of a bipolar transistor with a negative TC (temperature coefficient) and the amplified V T (thermal voltage) with a positive TC. When a reference voltage smaller than 1.25V is required, the voltage gain of the amplifier for V BE becomes less than one, and the voltage gain of the amplifier for V T becomes small. This enables the size of bipolar transistors for V T generation to be small. The proposed voltage reference circuit was implemented in a standard 0.35-pm CMOS technology. A temperature-independent current source was also obtained from the same circuit. The results were a TC (temperature coefficient) of46ppm/°C over 130°C change, a line regulation of 2.2 mV/V for the 0.5 V reference voltage with 8.7 7μA of current consumption in the voltage reference part, and a 6% change over 130°C change for the 13μA current source.
Large wood recruitment and redistribution in headwater streams in the southern Oregon Coast Range, U.S.A.

Large wood recruitment and redistribution mechanisms were investigated in a 3.9 km2 basin with an old-growth Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco and Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. forest, located in the southern Coast Range of Oregon. Stream size and topographic setting strongly influenced processes that delivered wood to the channel network. In small colluvial channels draining steep hillslopes, processes associated with slope instability dominated large wood recruitment. In the larger alluvial channel, windthrow was the dominant recruitment process from the local riparian area. Consequently, colluvial channels received wood from further upslope than the alluvial channel. Input and redistribution processes influenced piece location relative to the direction of flow and thus, affected the functional role of wood. Wood recruited directly from local hillslopes and riparian areas was typically positioned adjacent to the channel or spanned its full width, and trapped sediment and wood in transport. In contr.
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause: new terminology for vulvovaginal atrophy from the International Society for the Study of Women's Sexual Health and The North American Menopause Society

Abstract Background In 2012, the Board of Directors of the International Society for the Study of Women's Sexual Health (ISSWSH) and the Board of Trustees of The North American Menopause Society (NAMS) acknowledged the need to review current terminology associated with genitourinary tract symptoms related to menopause. Methods The two societies cosponsored a terminology consensus conference, which was held in May 2013. Results and Conclusion Members of the consensus conference agreed that the term genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a medically more accurate, all-encompassing, and publicly acceptable term than vulvovaginal atrophy. GSM is defined as a collection of symptoms and signs associated with a decrease in estrogen and other sex steroids involving changes to the labia majora/minora, clitoris, vestibule/introitus, vagina, urethra and bladder. The syndrome may include but is not limited to genital symptoms of dryness, burning, and irritation; sexual symptoms of lack of lubrication, discomfort or pain, and impaired function; and urinary symptoms of urgency, dysuria and recurrent urinary tract infections. Women may present with some or all of the signs and symptoms, which must be bothersome and should not be better accounted for by another diagnosis. The term was presented and discussed at the annual meeting of each society. The respective Boards of NAMS and ISSWSH formally endorsed the new terminology – genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) – in 2014.
Gene Expression Profiles Deciphering Leaf Senescence Variation between Early- and Late-Senescence Cotton Lines

Leaf senescence varies greatly among genotypes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutium L), possibly due to the different expression of senescence-related genes. To determine genes involved in leaf senescence, we performed genome-wide transcriptional profiling of the main-stem leaves of an early- (K1) and a late-senescence (K2) cotton line at 110 day after planting (DAP) using the Solexa technology. The profiling analysis indicated that 1132 genes were up-regulated and 455 genes down-regulated in K1 compared with K2 at 110 DAP. The Solexa data were highly consistent with, and thus were validated by those from real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR). Most of the genes related to photosynthesis, anabolism of carbohydrates and other biomolecules were down-regulated, but those for catabolism of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and nutrient recycling were mostly up-regulated in K1 compared with K2. Fifty-one differently expressed hormone-related genes were identified, of which 5 ethylene, 3 brassinosteroid (BR), 5 JA, 18 auxin, 8 GA and 1 ABA related genes were up-regulated in K1 compared with K2, indicating that these hormone-related genes might play crucial roles in early senescence of K1 leaves. Many differently expressed transcription factor (TF) genes were identified and 11 NAC and 8 WRKY TF genes were up-regulated in K1 compared with K2, suggesting that TF genes, especially NAC and WRKY genes were involved in early senescence of K1 leaves. Genotypic variation in leaf senescence was attributed to differently expressed genes, particularly hormone-related and TF genes.
Mídias sociais e administração pública : análise do sentimento social perante a atuação do Governo Federal brasileiro

Este estudo procurou identificar como a analise de sentimento, baseada em textos extraidos de midias sociais, pode ser um instrumento de mensuracao da opiniao publica sobre a atuacao do governo de forma a contribuir para a avaliacao da administracao publica. Trata-se de um estudo aplicado, interdisciplinar, exploratorio, qualitativo e quantitativo. Foram revisadas as principais formulacoes teoricas e conceituais acerca do tema e realizadas demonstracoes praticas, utilizando-se uma ferramenta de mineracao de opiniao que proporcionou precisao satisfatoria no processamento de dados. Para fins de demonstracao, foram selecionados temas que motivaram a realizacao da onda de protestos que envolveu milhoes de pessoas no Brasil em junho de 2013. Foram coletadas, processadas e analisadas, aproximadamente, 130.000 mensagens postadas no Facebook e no Twitter sobre esses temas em dois periodos distintos. Por meio desta investigacao, observou-se que a analise de sentimento pode revelar a opiniao polarizada dos cidadaos quanto a atuacao do governo.
Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution Cc by Efficient Flow Marking Ip Traceback System

For controlling the offense on internet the Internet Protocol (IP) traceback technology is used. In this paper we represents a novel and practical IP trace back system, known as Efficient Flow Marking (EFM) for getting IP address of the attacker when IP spoofing technique is used by attacker. The services given by the resources to the justifiable clients Denial of service attack deny that services. The DOS Attacker uses IP spoofing technology for hiding their own uniqueness, for defending against the denial of service attack the first step is to find out IP address of the attacker to take further action. EFM is belongs from the packet marking family of IP trace back scheme. The new characteristics of EFM is that: at first it can fix the length of marking field according to the network protocols set up (flexible mark length strategy); second, by observing the load of the participating router by a flexible flow based marking method the proposed method adaptively change its marking rate. This paper focuses on implementation of EFM on network processor.
Purposeful retrieval : Applying domain insight for topically-focused groups of biologists

Almost by definition, text retrieval has focused on corpus-wide techniques, i.e., those that provide access to all parts of a corpus, for any user interested in any part of it. But as corpora grow in volume the range of purposes various subsets of users might have suggest specialized techniques that can make retrieval especially useful, just for them. In this paper we describe preliminary efforts towards a retrieval system for a subset of the gigantic PubMed corpus, developed especially for a large group of investigators with a shared research focus: HIV and drug resistance. Such topically-focused tools are not unusual within large industrial (pharma) settings, but the social consequences of HIV and emerging resistance to approved drug therapies has created the need for publicly-available tools that facilitate research across traditional lab boundaries. More generally, we believe the development of such topicallyfocused, “deep” tools can also complement existing corpus-wide, “broad” methods. For example, beyond the scientific literature captured within PubMed, research in this area also depends heavily on several special-purpose databases that have been developed, capturing special features of known HIV mutations and drug resistance interactions. We make good use of these datasets towards increased understanding of the articles’ text. We describe the current state of ABView:HIVResist, a general-purpose bioinformatic retrieval system that has been customized to support research surrounding HIV drug resistance. ABView has been developed as a series of “plug-in” functionalities which become useful as textual database (typically including PubMed) are integrated with genomic resources. For this application, these include:
Reshaping Movements Through Avoidance of Negative Events: A General Adaptive Controller

Precision can be challenging in human movement. Nikolai Bernstein noted that humans exhibit trial-to-trial movement variability in their trajectories when executing repetitive tasks, while displaying a great deal of precision in the endpoint. Thus, he coined the phrase “Repetition without repetition” to describe this phenomenon. Motion patterns that are highly variable can be troublesome if they exceed boundaries of safety or stability. Thus, we assessed the ability for individuals to reshape movements along particular directions through both haptic and visual means, through a virtual reality intervention we call limit-push. For the haptic study, we divided 18 healthy and 10 stroke survivors in two groups that complete a repetitive interception task in a 3d virtual reality environment: a treatment group that receives our virtual intervention and a control group that does not. The virtual intervention consisted of perturbing subject movements by exerting forces on their arm directed away from an invisible box that was 3.75 cm along the anterior-posterior axis, coincident with the interception axis, whenever they were outside during the middle 200 trials of the task. These forces were deactivated in the last 200 trials. We found that healthy subjects redistributed their motions within the box region with moderate success, however stroke survivors as a group could not. However, some stroke survivors could redistribute their motions within the box, while a few were unable to adapt. Both populations showed negligible residual effects of the intervention when the forces were turned off, however. Subsequently, we tested if 9 healthy subjects could adapt to a visual intervention instead. Instead of robotic forces, we displaced the cursor from the hand proportional to the distance that subjects were away from either edge of the box region when they were outside during the middle 200 trials. We observed similar effects to the healthy population that received robotic distortions. In this case, however, we did observe a small residual effect of the intervention once the visual intervention was deactivated, in the initial trials. However, this residual effect disappeared by the end of the experiment. Finally, we developed a new model of motor control that can explain adaptation and the associated variability without resorting to optimization methods through the principle of explore-and-avoid. We demonstrated the ability to recreate distributions observed in the limit-push­ studies described above. Furthermore, we demonstrated the ability for this model to adapt and perform classic motor behavioral tasks, ranging from targeted reaching to visuomotor rotation and obstacle avoidance. Ideally this could be used as a novel robotic controller that can imbue a robot with autonomy. It can also potentially be used as a predictor of individual movement variability and performance in novel tasks, as well as a training simulator and a new tool to help design environments that challenge patients in more precise ways.
The Image of Germany in the World : An Email and Web Mining Approach

In this paper, we propose that email corpora can be as indicative of large-scale Internet user interests and concerns as social media are, and that by being less public than most wikis or blogs, they may also capture voices that are otherwise unheard. We analyse an email corpus from a major German news service whose official role it is to ‘present Germany abroad’, defining images that people could have of Germany. We propose that the emails sent in response to this reflect, to a certain extent, the image that people do have of Germany. Building on the email corpus and on Web site data, and using different forms of LSA-based data analysis, we identify salient topics. We develop measures of pattern interestingness that help to focus the analysis on novel, useful, valid and understandable patterns in the data. We suggest that these methods can also be employed in investigations of other media, producing a multi-perspective view of Internet users’ concerns, thoughts and expectations.
A Tutorial on Transmission Capacity

This tutorial paper unifies a number of recent contributions that have collectively developed a metric for decentralized wireless network analysis known as transmission capacity. Although it is notoriously difficult to derive general end-to-end capacity results for multi-terminal or ad hoc networks, the transmission capacity (TC) framework allows for quantification of achievable single-hop rates by focusing on a simplified physical/MAClayer model. By using stochastic geometry to quantify the multi-user interference in the network, the relationship between the optimal spatial density and success probability of transmissions in the network can be determined, and expressed – often fairly simply – in terms of the key network parameters. The basic model and analytical tools are first discussed and applied to a simple network with path loss only and we present a quite tight upper bound on transmission capacity (lower bound on outage probability) and several approaches for lower bounds on TC of varying compactness and tightness. We then introduce random channels (fading/shadowing) and give TC and outage approximations for an arbitrary channel distribution, as well as exact results for the special cases of Rayleigh and Nakagami fading. We then apply these results to show how TC can be used to better understand scheduling, power control, and the deployment of multiple antennas in a decentralized network. The paper closes by discussing shortcomings in the model as well as future research directions.
Torque control of electric motors without using torque sensor

Accurate torque control of a brushless motor requires the motor's torque characteristics, which can be captured by a periodic function in motor angle. This paper presents a direct adaptive controller for torque control of brushless motors, which estimates the Fourier coefficients of the periodic function based on the measurements of motor phase voltage and angle. It will be analytically shown that the proposed adaptive controller achieves torque tracking regardless of the trajectories of input signals. Moreover, the adaptive controller does not rely on the modeling of the mechanical load, and that makes control implementation simple and modular. Experimental results obtained from the McGill/MIT motor have demonstrated that motor torque converges to the command torque.