Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dominant grains network and behavior of sand–silt mixtures: stress–strain modeling

Stress–strain modeling of sand–silt mixtures is important in the analysis and design of earth structures. In this paper, we develop a stress–strain model that can predict the behavior of sand–silt mixtures with any amount of fines content. This model is based on a micromechanics approach, which involves mean‐field assumptions. For the mixtures with low amount of fines, the mechanical behavior is dominated by sand grains network. On the other hand, for the mixtures with high amount of fines, the mechanical behavior is dominated by silt grains network. Using this concept of dominant grains network, the behavior of mixtures with any amount of fines can be predicted from knowing the behavior of sand and silt, alone. We also modeled the critical state friction angle, critical state void ratio, and elastic stiffness for the mixtures as a function of fines content. The applicability of this developed stress–strain model is shown by comparing the simulated and measured results for two different types of sand–silt mixtures with full range of fines content. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DESIGN OF EPITHERMAL NEUTRON BEAM FOR CLINICAL BNCT TREATMENT AT SLOVENIAN TRIGA RESEARCH REACTOR MARKO

The Monte Carlo feasibility study of development of epithermal neutron beam for BNCT clinical trials on Jozef Stefan Institute (JSI) TRIGA reactor is presented. The investigation of the possible use of fission converter for the purpose of enhancement of neutron beam, as well as the set-up of TRIGA reactor core is performed. The optimization of the irradiation facility components is carried out and the configuration with the most favorable cost/performance ratio is proposed. The simulation results prove, that a BNCT irradiation facility with performances, comparable to existing beams throughout the world, could be installed in the thermalizing column of the TRIGA reactor, quite suitable for the clinical treatments of human patients.
Interplay between Finance and Institutions in the Development Process of the Industrial Sector: Evidence from South Africa

Despite the importance of the financial system and quality of institutions to the attainment of economic development goals, the mediating role of institutions in how finance influences the development of the industrial sector across countries has not been given adequate attention in the literature. Therefore, this study assessed the moderating role of institutions in the relationship between finance and industrial development of South Africa for the period 1984–2021. To evaluate the long-run relationship among the variables, the combined cointegration test of Bayer and Hanck was used, while fully modified least squares, dynamic least squares and canonical cointegrating regression were employed to estimate elasticity relationships. The findings of the study revealed that finance impacts industrial development positively in South Africa, but this positive impact is diminished by the quality of institutions in the country. Therefore, the financial system in South Africa needs to be rooted in a high-quality institutional structure for its beneficial impact on the industrial sector to be reinforced for sustainable development. Moreover, there is a need for more reforms in the financial system to promote efficiency that would translate growth in finance into more inclusive growth gains in the industrial sector.
CONSTRAINING THE PROPERTIES OF DELTA SCUTI STARS USING SPECTROSCOPIC ECLIPSING BINARY SYSTEMS

Many stars exhibit stellar pulsations, favoring them for asteroseismic analyses. Interpreting the oscillations requires some knowledge of the oscillation mode geometry (spherical degree, radial, and azimuthal orders). The δ Scuti stars (1.5–2.5 M☉) often show just one or few pulsation frequencies. Although this may promise a successful seismological analysis, we may not know enough about either the mode or the star to use the oscillation frequency to improve the determination of the stellar model or to probe the star's structure. For the observed frequencies to be used successfully as seismic probes of these objects, we need to concentrate on stars for which we can reduce the number of free parameters in the problem, such as binary systems or open clusters. We investigate how much our understanding of a δ Scuti star is improved when it is in a detached eclipsing binary system instead of being a single field star. We use singular value decomposition to explore the precision we expect in stellar parameters (mass, age, and chemical composition) for both cases. We examine how the parameter uncertainties propagate to the luminosity–effective temperature diagram and determine when the effort of obtaining a new measurement is justified. We show that for the single star, a correct identification of the oscillation mode is necessary to produce strong constraints on the stellar model properties, while for the binary system the observations without the pulsation mode provide the same or better constraints on the stellar parameters. In the latter case, the strong constraints provided by the binary system not only allow us to detect an incorrectly identified oscillation mode, but we can also constrain the oscillation mode geometry by comparing the distribution of possible solutions with and without including the oscillation frequency as a constraint.
Spatially, Temporally and Polarization-Resolved Photoluminescence Exploration of Excitons in Crystalline Phthalocyanine Thin Films

: The lack of long range order in organic semiconductor thin films prevents the unveiling of the complete nature of excitons in optical experiments, because the diffraction limited beam diameters in the bandgap region far exceed typical crystalline grain sizes. Here we present spatially-, temporally-and polarization-resolved dichroism microscopy experiments that investigate exciton states within a single crystalline grain in solution-processed phthalocyanine thin films. These experiments reveal the existence of a delocalized singlet exciton, polarized along the high mobility axis in this quasi-1D electronic system. The strong delocalized π orbitals overlap controlled by the molecular stacking along the high mobility axis is responsible for breaking the radiative recombination selection rules. Using our linear dichroism scanning microscopy setup we further established a rotation of molecules (i.e. a structural phase transition) that occurs above 100 K prevents the observation of this exciton at room temperature.
IOT-BASED SMART SYSTEM FOR ACCIDENT DETECTION AND PREVENTION

Nowadays, various factors are responsible for motor vehicle accident fatalities on roads. They may happen due to the human errors or due to the adverse weather. Most of the accidents occur when the visibility conditions are poor or when driver is unable to apply the brakes on time and in many cases the family member and authorities are not informed on time that results in delaying of help reaching the victim suffering due to an accident. The time difference between an accident occurrence and the action taken in response at the accident location is a crucial factor in the survival of the victim after an accident. By reducing the time between an accident occurrence and the action taken in response, the mortality rates may be decreased so that lives can be saved. This paper focuses first to prevent the accidents by means of indication-based techniques and collision prevention techniques, secondly by detecting the accidents by means of the various sensors and thirdly by providing secure and reliable notification methods to notify the relative of the victim and authority so that the necessary action may be taken.
LONG-TERM X-RAY VARIABILITY STUDY OF IC342 FROM XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS

We presented the results of an analysis of four XMM-Newton observations of the starburst galaxy IC342 taken over a four-year span from 2001 to 2005, with an emphasis on investigating the long-term flux and spectral variability of the X-ray point sources. We detected a total of 61 X-ray sources within 35′ × 30′ of the galaxy down to a luminosity of (1–2) × 1037 erg s−1 depending on the local background. We found that 39 of the 61 detected sources showed long-term variability, in which 26 of them were classified as X-ray transients. We also found 19 sources exhibiting variations in hardness ratios or undergoing spectral transitions among observations, and were identified as spectral variables. In particular, eight of the identified X-ray transients showed spectral variability in addition to flux variability. The diverse patterns of variability observed are indicative of a population of X-ray binaries. We used X-ray colors, flux and spectral variability, and in some cases the optical or radio counterparts to classify the detected X-ray sources into several stellar populations. We identified a total of 11 foreground stars, 1 supersoft source (SSS), 3 quasisoft sources (QSSs), and 2 supernova remnants (SNRs). The identified SSS/QSSs are located near or on the spiral arms, associated with young stellar populations; the 2 SNRs are very close to the starburst nucleus where current star formation activities are dominated. We also discovered a spectral change in the nuclear source of IC342 for the first time by a series of X-ray spectrum analysis.
Journal of Computer Science

— Mustache patterns drawn on denim jeans are created with a laser beam device. For this device to draw the desired mustache pattern, the pattern visual must be prepared. For the mustache patterns in the sample jeans taken from the customer to be transferred to the visual, specialist personnel in the Photoshop program should perform an average of 2-3 hours of work. This situation causes the production speed to slow down and human errors occur. In this study, a new approach is proposed that automatically produces the pattern visual by detecting the mustache patterns in the sample jeans samples to be taken from the customer. In this approach, an updated version of the Pix2Pix architecture within the Generative adversarial network (GAN) is used to produce mustache pattern images. The training was carried out with a dataset constructed from jeans and mustache pattern images, and the production of different mustache patterns depending on the personnel was prevented. As a result of the experimental studies, while the production speed of the mustache pattern fell below one second, it is seen that the production accuracy is around 89%. The next study, it is aimed to increase the accuracy by ensuring the standardization of the images in the dataset.
Hamiltonian dynamics of Lovelock black holes with spherical symmetry

We consider spherically symmetric black holes in generic Lovelock gravity. Using geometrodynamical variables we do a complete Hamiltonian analysis, including derivation of the super-Hamiltonian and super-momentum constraints and verification of suitable boundary conditions for asymptotically flat black holes. Our analysis leads to a remarkably simple fully reduced Hamiltonian for the vacuum gravitational sector that provides the starting point for the quantization of Lovelock block holes. Finally, we derive the completely reduced equations of motion for the collapse of a spherically symmetric, charged self-gravitating complex scalar field in generalized flat slice (Painlevé–Gullstrand) coordinates.
Long-Term Functional Hyperemia after Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification: Benefits beyond Restoring Vision

The purpose of the study was to investigate the long-term effects of uncomplicated phacoemulsification on macular perfusion using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in healthy aging subjects. OCTA was performed before phacoemulsification and 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after. Superficial vascular complex (formed of nerve fiber layer vascular plexus and superficial vascular plexus), deep vascular complex (formed of intermediate capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus), as well as choriocapillaris (CC) and large choroidal blood vessels were recorded. Significant changes of vascular parameters in 95 eyes of 95 patients reached plateau 1 week after surgery and remained stable up to 6 months, occurring in all retinal layers but not in choroid and CC. Statistically significant increases in retinal vessels area, vessels percentage area, total number of junctions, junctions density, and total and average vessels length were found, followed by the total number of end points and mean lacunarity decline, proving an increase in blood supply. The study confirmed that uncomplicated phacoemulsification leads to a long-term increase in macular retinal perfusion. The results might ease the decision regarding timing for cataract surgery as long-term perfusion benefits can be achieved. Furthermore, study results provide a normative database of retinal and choroidal vasculature in healthy aging patients.
The gigas effect: A reliable predictor of ploidy? Case studies in Oxalis

The Gigas effect is a prominent phenotypic effect of Whole Genome Duplication (WGD). The enlargement of cells and organs (Gigas effect) is thought to confer potential fitness advantages, enabling polyploids to persist and escape minority cytotype exclusion imposed by co-occurring diploids. The Gigas effect is thought to have an effect size of 20-25% larger in polyploids, and this effect size remains consistent across traits. I focused on traits known to be correlated to the Gigas effect at smaller phenotypic scales (stomata length, pollen grain diameter and epidermal cell area), and found Oxalis polyploids to deviate from the expected pattern of enlargement. I showed, across 24 species from a wide taxonomic background, that the Gigas effect is extremely small, ranging from 10% in stomata length to 0.1% in epidermal cell area. I also showed that the effect size is highly inconsistent across traits and species, even being reversed in some taxa. The large variation in trait responses may be attributed to local adaptation after WGD and as a result, accessions sampled further apart should display greater variability. By only keeping the geographically closest diploid-polyploid pairs within each species, we showed that geographic distance has no correlation with increased variability in measured traits of polyploids. Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za
AI for Zero-Touch Management of Satellite Networks in B5G and 6G Infrastructures

Satellite Communication (SatCom) networks are become more and more integrated with the terrestrial telecommunication infrastructure. In this paper, we shows the current status of the still ongoing European Space Agency (ESA) project ”Data-driven Network Controller Orchestration for Real time Network Management - ANChOR”. In particular, we propose a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)- based methodology to drive the dynamic selection of the optimal satellite gateway station, which will be performed by combining different kinds of information (i.e. traffic profile, network and weather conditions). Some preliminary results on the real world dataset shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
analytics-as-a-Data-Driven Decision-Making in Digital Entrepreneurship

1 Abstract — Data-driven business models are more typical for established businesses than early-stage startups that strive to penetrate a market. This paper provided an extensive discussion on the principles of data analytics for early-stage digital entrepreneurial businesses. Here, we developed data-driven decision-making (DDDM) framework that applies to startups prone to multifaceted barriers in the form of poor data access, technical and financial constraints, to state some. The startup DDDM framework proposed in this paper is novel in its form encompassing startup data analytics enablers and metrics aligning with startups' business models ranging from customer-centric product development to servitization which is the future of modern digital entrepreneurship.
The Added Value of Serum Random Cortisol and Thyroid Function Tests as Mortality Predictors for Critically Ill Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Thyroid hormone and cortisol levels can change during a course of illness. Our study was conducted to assess the ability of the level of these hormones to predict mortality among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The added predictive value of these hormones with APACHE II scores was also evaluated. Methods: Thyroid hormones and random cortisol levels in adult ICU patients were collected on admission. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between hormone levels and mortality. The added value of the mortality predictive ability was determined by area under the receiver operating characteristic (AuROC). Results: A total of 189 patients were included in the study. Free T3 and serum random cortisol levels were statistically significantly related to ICU mortality with OR 0.51 (0.28, 0.97), p = 0.047 and OR 1.02 (1.01, 1.04), p < 0.002, respectively. Free T3 and serum random cortisol significantly enhanced the predictive performance of APACHE II scores with an AuROC of 0.656 (non-added value model) versus 0.729 (added value model), p = 0.009. The scoring system was created with a total score that ranged from 1 to 14. A score above 7.0 indicated a high mortality rate with a sensitivity of 81.5% and a specificity of 33%. Conclusions: Serum free T3 and cortisol levels are significantly associated with ICU mortality and can enhance the ability of APACHE II scores to predict ICU mortality.
Fundamentals of carrier transport

1. The quantum foundation 2. Carrier scattering 3. The Boltzmann transport equation 4. Low-field transport 5. Balance equations 6. Monte Carlo simulation 7. High-field transport in bulk semiconductors 8. Carrier transport in devices 9. Transport in mesoscopic structures Appendices.
Iwasawa theory and zeta elements for $\mathbb{G}_m$

We describe an explicit `higher rank' Iwasawa theory for zeta elements associated to the multiplicative group over abelian extensions of general number fields. We then show that this theory leads to a concrete new strategy for proving special cases of the equivariant Tamagawa number conjecture. As a first application of this approach, we use it to prove new cases of the conjecture for Tate motives over natural families of abelian CM extensions of totally real fields for which the relevant $p$-adic $L$-functions possess trivial zeroes.
Shape, thermal and surface properties determination of a candidate spacecraft target asteroid (175706) 1996 FG3

In this paper, a 3D convex shape model of (175706) 1996 FG3, which consists of 2040 triangle facets and 1022 vertices, is derived from the known light curves. The best-fitting orientation of the asteroid's spin axis is determined to be lambda = 237 degrees.7 and beta = -83 degrees.8 considering the observation uncertainties, and its rotation period is similar to 3.5935 h. Using the derived shape model, we adopt the so-called advanced thermophysical model (ATPM) to fit three published sets of mid-infrared observations of 1996 FG3, so as to evaluate its surface properties. Assuming the primary and the secondary bear identical shape, albedo, thermal inertia and surface roughness, the best-fitting parameters are obtained from the observations. The geometric albedo and effective diameter of the asteroid are reckoned to be p(v) = 0.045 +/- 0.002, D-eff = 1.69(-0.02)(+0.05) km. The diameters of the primary and secondary are determined to be D-1 = 1.63(-0.03)(+0.04) km, respectively. The surface thermal inertia Gamma is derived to be a low value of 80 +/- 40 Jm(-2) s(-0.5) K-1 with a roughness fraction f(R) of 0.8(-0.4)(+0.2). This indicates that the primary possibly has a regolith layer on its surface, which is likely to be covered by a mixture of dust, fragmentary rocky debris and sand. The minimum regolith depth is estimated to be 5-20 mm from the simulations of subsurface temperature distribution, indicating that 1996 FG3 could be a very suitable target for a sample return mission.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A TECHNIQUE FOR THE RAPID MEASUREMENT OF CEREAL ROOT SYSTEMS

This is a final report to HGCA from SAC (registered address West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG) for project no. 2335. The project, which started in May 2000 and lasted for 9 months, was funded by a grant of £29,146 from HGCA. ABSTRACT More rapid, and less expensive techniques for assessing cereal root systems in the field would assist greatly in the development of effective root management strategies. The aim of management is to manipulate the root system to overcome potential limitations on the canopy imposed by adverse soil conditions. Research was undertaken to evaluate a new technique, which has the potential for faster data capture in the field and which avoids the need for time-consuming washing of root samples. The proposed technique involves the use of an air-knife and digital photography. The air-knife delivers a stream of air at high velocity, which enters the pore spaces in soil aggregates causing them to disintegrate. The principle of the proposed technique is to dig a soil-trench within the crop, excavate a known volume of soil from the trench (profile) wall with the air-knife, photograph the exposed roots using a digital camera and measure the length of roots by image analysis. The main objectives of the research were to: was estimated from the root length measured in the photograph and the total volume of soil removed from the profile wall, and was compared with that determined by soil coring. RLD (as a % of that determined by soil coring) ranged from 40% at the shallowest excavation (0.75 cm) to only 7% at the deepest (4.25 cm). The results indicate that extent of root loss increased with increasing depth of excavation. In an additional experiment on mixed grassland, conducted in mid September, mesh screening was used to cover the profile wall during excavation with the air-knife. The hypothesis tested was that reducing the movement of soil particles during excavation would reduce the extent of root loss. Soil was trapped the after excavation, indicating that movement had been reduced, but it no on
Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm-Generative Adversarial Network for Lung Cancer Detection and Classification

: Lung cancer is one of the most dangerous deadly diseases for individuals worldwide. Thus, the survival rate is low due to the difficulty in detecting lung cancer at advanced stages like symptoms; thus, prominence for early diagnosis is important. The detection and treatment of lung cancer is having great importance for early diagnosis. The existing Convolution Neural Network (CNN) based deep learning methods showed tuning was the problem of choosing a set of hyperparameters for the learning algorithm and included outliers that affect the classification result. Therefore, the present research work aims to utilize Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm ( GOA) effectively to solve global unconstrained and constrained optimization issues. Additionally, performing training using the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) model that controlled the behavior of the classifier during training showed a significant impact. The results showed that the proposed method gives better results in terms of accuracy of 98.89% when compared to the existing models such as KNG-CNN of 87.3%, mask region-based CNN of 97.68%, Transferable Texture CNN of 96.69%, Fuzzy Particle Swarm Optimization (FPSO) CNN of 95.62% and E-CNN method of 97%.
Asymptotic solutions of nondiagonal linear difference systems

This paper, relying on dichotomic properties of the matrix difference system $ W(n+1)=A(n)W(n)A^{-1}(n)$, gives conditions under which a perturbed system $ y(n+1)=(A(n)+B(n))y(n)$, by means of a nonautonomous change of variables $ y(n)=S(n)x(n)$, can be reduced to the form $ x(n+1)=A(n)x(n)$. From this, a theory of asymptotic integration of the perturbed system follows, where the linear system $ x(n+1)=A(n)x(n)$ is nondiagonal. As a consequence of these results, we prove that the diagonal system $ x(n+1)=\Lambda(n)x(n)$ has a Levinson dichotomy iff system $ W(n+1)=\Lambda(n)W(n)\Lambda^{-1}(n)$ has an ordinary dichotomy.