Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing tsunami hazard using heterogeneous slip models in the Mentawai Islands, Indonesia

Abstract Tsunami hazard maps are generated for the coastline of the Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra, Indonesia, to support evacuation and disaster response planning. A random heterogeneous slip generator is used to forward model a suite of earthquake rupture scenarios on the Mentawai Segment of the Sunda Subduction Zone. Up to 1000 rupture models that fit constraints provided by coral and geodetic records of coseismic vertical deformation from major earthquakes in 1797, 1833 and 2007 are used to model inundation and to define a maximum inundation zone that envelopes all of these scenarios. Comparison with single-scenario hazard assessments developed by experts and agreed through scientific consensus shows that there is value in modelling a suite of scenarios in order to obtain a more robust and conservative estimate of potential inundated areas. Although both the model presented here and the single-scenario models are based on assumptions about the characteristics of future events using knowledge of past events, by sampling a range of plausible outcomes we gain a more robust estimate of which areas may be inundated during a tsunami within the bounds of the assumptions applied.
Effectiveness of pharmacotherapies for diabetes on nicotine, food, and water intake in insulin-resistant rats

The intersectionality between diabetes medications and nicotine consumption was assessed in female and male rats. Briefly, the rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or regular diet (RD) for 4 weeks. Then separate groups received vehicle or a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ; 25 mg/kg). Three days later, insulin resistance was assessed by measuring plasma glucose levels for 180 min following an injection of insulin (0.75 U/kg). The rats were then prepared with jugular catheters, and they were given 23 h access to nicotine intravenous self-administration (IVSA) in 4 days cycles with 3 days of forced abstinence in their home cages where they consumed their respective diet. During the IVSA sessions, operant responses for food and water and changes in body weight were recorded. Prior to administration of the pharmacotherapies, the rats were given access to two doses of nicotine (0.015 then 0.03 mg/kg for the remainder of the study). Then, daily injections of the pharmacotherapies were given at the onset of dark cycle (6 p.m.) in the following order: 1) dapagliflozin (3.0 then 10.0 mg/kg), 2) insulin (0.75 U/kg twice), and 3) bromocriptine (3.0 then 10.0 mg/kg). The results suggest that our HFD+STZ regiment induced insulin resistance in female and male rats. Also, the HFD-fed rats displayed higher nicotine intake than RD controls, regardless of sex. Administration of insulin, but not dapagliflozin or bromocriptine, normalized nicotine intake in HFD-fed rats to control levels. These results have clinical implications regarding the potential efficacy of insulin to control excessive nicotine intake in persons with diabetes.
Monitoring post-fire forest recovery using multi-temporal Digital Surface Models generated from different platforms.

Wildfires can greatly affect forest dynamics. Given the alteration of fire regimes foreseen globally due to climate and land use changes, greater attention should be devoted to prevention and restoration activities. Concerning in particular post-fire restoration actions, it is fundamental, together with a better understanding of ecological processes resulting from the disturbance, to define techniques and protocols for long-term monitoring of burned areas. This paper presents the results of a study conducted within an area affected by a stand-replacing crown fire (Verrayes, Aosta (AO), Italy) in 2005, which is part of a long-term monitoring research on post-fire restoration dynamics. We performed a change detection analysis through a time sequence (2008-2015) of DSMs (Digital Surface Models) obtained from LiDAR (ALS - Airborne Laser Scanner) and digital images (UAV - Unmanned Aerial Vehicle flight) to test the ability of the systems (platform + sensor) to identify the ongoing processes. New technologies providing high-resolution information and new devices (i.e. UAV) able to acquire geographic data “on demand” demonstrated great potential for monitoring post disturbance recovery dynamics of vegetation
Genetic Variability for the Yield and Yield-Related Traits in Some Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines in the Central Highland of Ethiopia

After rice and wheat, maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most significant and valuable crop in terms of industrial production in the world. The experiment was conducted to determine the nature and magnitude of genetic variability for various traits of maize inbred lines at the Ambo Plant Protection Research Center experimental field during 2013/2014, the major cropping season. The experiment’s design was described in 5 × 5 triple lattice designs. The results of the analysis of variance revealed that genotypic mean squares were significant for all traits, indicating that the inbred lines under study had a higher level of genetic diversity. In terms of genotypic and phenotypic variation, the largest coefficient was found in grain yield per hectare (28.49 and 35.43) followed by the number of tassel branches (23.14 and 24.92), respectively. Both days to 50% silking (91.57) and days to 50% tasseling (86.56) showed a high magnitude of broad-sense heritability. The results of the phenotypic and genotypic correlation analyses showed that grain yield per plant significantly correlated positively with five traits at both the phenotypic and genotypic levels. The number of kernels per row, aboveground biomass production per plant, harvest index, and grain yield per hectare might all be employed as selection criteria to increase the maize grain yield, according to path coefficient analysis at the phenotypic and genotypic levels. The grain yield and other significant yield components were found to be superior with inbred lines AMH169-55 and AMH169-86. Therefore, it is advised that these lines be used to further enhance the maize crop.
New Formulation–Microporation Combination Approaches to Delivering Ciclopirox across Human Nails

Topical treatments for onychomycosis are of interest to those seeking to avoid systemic drug interactions and to improve systemic safety. This work aimed to develop aqueous-based, simple, and cost-effective vehicles that provide high solubility for ciclopirox and enable the delivery of an active through channels created by nail microporation. Following solubility tests, aqueous gels and thermogels based on hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and poloxamer 407, respectively, were loaded with 8% and 16% ciclopirox. Their performance was then compared to the marketed lacquer Micolamina® in in vitro release tests with artificial membranes and in in vitro permeation tests with human nail clippings with and without poration. Finally, a microbiological assay compared the best gel formulations and the reference product. Little correlation was observed between the in vitro release and the permeation data, and the drug release was highly membrane-dependent. Ciclopirox nail retention in single-dose, porated nails tests was larger than in daily-dosing, non-porated nail conditions. The series of new gel and thermogel vehicles delivered ciclopirox more effectively than Micolamina® in single-dose, porated nail experiments. The inhibition of Trichophyton rubrum activity was significantly increased with microporated nails when the gel formulations were applied but not with Micolamina®. Overall, the results suggest that the new vehicles could be successfully combined with nail microporation to improve the drug delivery and efficacy of topical antifungal medication while reducing the dosing frequency, facilitating patients’ adherence.
Response of Runoff and Sediment Discharge to Precipitation Variation in the Kuye River Basin

The Kuye River basin is the first-order tributary of the middle Yellow River, water resources are important for the environment and development in this region. Since 1960s, runoff of the Kuye River basin has been dramatically decreased and the river basin has been facing serious water resources problems. In this study, we found that annual precipitation and different level precipitation had no significant change trend from 1966 to 2012, the runoff and sediment discharge had a significant decrease trend for the same period. There was an abrupt change for runoff in 1998 and for sediment discharge in 1999.The relationships between runoff, sediment discharge and precipitation had been changed obviously for the two periods, before and after the runoff transition point. For the later period, there was much less runoff or sediment discharge according to the observed data under the same precipitation, the runoff or sediment discharge was not sensitive to precipitation change. Precipitation is not the main cause of runoff and sediment discharge change, buthuman activities were responsible for runoff and sediment discharge decrease.
Molecular Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus: Sample and Timing Matter

Scrub typhus (ST) is an acute febrile illness caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. Laboratory tests are needed to confirm the diagnosis when the characteristic eschar is absent. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of 47 kDa qPCR using clotted and EDTA-treated blood among patients with suspected ST Clotted blood samples from 284 inpatients (IPs) and EDTA-treated blood samples from 194 outpatients (OPs) with suspected scrub typhus were collected from patients who were blood culture- and malaria-negative. ST IgM ELISA and 47 kDa qPCR were performed for detection of ST infections. Among the IPs (n=284) and OPs (n=194), 41% and 63% were confirmed to have ST based on the case definition, respectively; the mortality rate was 1%. The 47 kDa qPCR sensitivity of the buffy coat (65.6%) was greater compared to clotted blood (37.1%). PCR was more likely to be positive in the 1st week of the illness; IgM ELISA positivity increased after the 5th day of the illness. The type of sample and the time of sample collection have a role in the diagnosis of ST. These preliminary results need to be confirmed by prospective multicentric studies.
Social Media, Endometriosis, and Evidence-Based Information: An Analysis of Instagram Content

Social media platforms are used for support and as resources by people from the endometriosis community who are seeking advice about diagnosis, education, and disease management. However, little is known about the scientific accuracy of information circulated on Instagram about the disease. To fill this gap, this study analysed the evidence-based nature of content on Instagram about endometriosis. A total of 515 Instagram posts published between February 2022 and April 2022 were gathered and analysed using a content analysis method, resulting in sixteen main content categories, including “educational”, which comprised eleven subcategories. Claims within educational posts were further analysed for their evidence-based accuracy, guided by a process which included fact-checking all claims against the current scientific evidence and research. Of the eleven educational subcategories, only four categories (cure, scientific article, symptoms, and fertility) comprised claims that were at least 50% or greater evidence-based. More commonly, claims comprised varying degrees of evidence-based, mixed, and non-evidence-based information, and some categories, such as surgery, were dominated by non-evidence-based information about the disease. This is concerning as social media can impact real-life decision-making and management for individuals with endometriosis. Therefore, this study suggests that health communicators, clinicians, scientists, educators, and community groups trying to engage with the endometriosis online community need to be aware of social media discourses about endometriosis, while also ensuring that accurate and translatable information is provided.
To Access or Not to Access: Influencing Factors for Government Microblogging Information Seeking and Avoidance among Chinese Generation Z

In recent years, the effective enhancement of information communication effect through governmental social media in has emerged as a universally concerned issue on government governance within the social media era. As Generation Z represents the primary and frequent users of social media, understanding the factors influencing their behaviors regarding information seeking and avoidance on governmental social media platforms is essential (in China, the principal governmental social media platform is government microblogging). Employing the grounded theory methodology, 31 participants of Chinese Generation Z were recruited for the present study, and data were collected using an in-depth interview. The results showed that the factors influencing the information-seeking behavior of Generation Z towards government microblogging mainly include heuristic seeking factors (personal preference, emotional value, and following hot topics), systematic seeking factors (task demand and expert recommendation), and defensive seeking factors (defending stance, authority seeking, and impression management). The factors influencing the information avoidance behavior of Generation Z towards government microblogging mainly include heuristic avoidance factors (clickbait titles, content layout, excessive length, and high redundancy), systematic avoidance factors (selective ignorance and terminological density), and resource-limited avoidance factors (demand scarcity, time scarcity, and vitality scarcity). This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the government microblogging information behavior of Generation Z. Implications for government microblogging governance, strategy recommendations, and indicates directions for future research are discussed.
Effects of fertirrigation with compost tea of sewage sludge on growth and physiological quality in seedlings of Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers.

In this study were evaluated effects of fertirrigation with different concentrations of compost tea of sewage sludge on cambai-amarelo (Sesbania virgata) growing. Seedlings were grown in nurseries covered 50% shading and watered daily, composted sewage sludge was used in the concentrations 0 (Control), 0.15; 0.20; 0.25 and 0.30 mg.ml-1. The plant height, root growth, steam diameter and plant height/stem diameter ratio, shoot dry matter, roots dry matter and the total dry matter of the plants were determined 150 days after planting. Dickson quality index were calculated. In general, moderate concentrations of composted sewage sludge improves growth and biomass distribution. Composted solid waste showed promise for the production of Sesbania virgata seedlings.
Gene Expression Differences and Similarities between Bipolar Disorder and Gliomas Studied by Brain Expression Data

Both bipolar disorder and glioma are highly prevalent diseases. Bipolar disorder is a significant mental illness, while glioma constitutes 46% of intracranial tumors. By conducting differential expression analysis, Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis, and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis on brain expression data of bipolar disorder and glioma, it was found that these two conditions share three terms: protein localization to organelle, organelle localization, and protein maturation. Exploring targeted therapy and drug-targeting research on these three terms can offer novel insights for the treatment of both bipolar disorder and glioma.
Seasonal dynamics of phyllosphere epiphytic microbial communities of medicinal plants in farmland environment

Introduction The phyllosphere of plants is inhabited by various microorganisms, which play a crucial role in plant physiological metabolism. Currently, there is limited research on the dynamic effects of species and seasons on plant phyllosphere microbial community diversity and microbial interactions. Methods In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the leaf surface parasitic microorganisms of five medicinal plants (Bupleurum chinense, Atractylodes lancea, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Astragalus membranaceus, and Lonicera japonica). Results The results showed that bacteria and fungi clustered into 3,898 and 1,572 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), respectively. Compared to host species, seasons had a more significant impact on the a diversity of bacteria and fungi. The heterogeneity of phyllosphere microbial communities was greater in winter compared to summer. Key species analysis at the OTU level and Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated significant preferences in microbial interactions under plant and seasonal backgrounds. The network connections between bacterial and fungal communities significantly increased during seasonal transitions compared to connections with plants. Discussion This study enhances our understanding of the composition and ecological roles of plant-associated microbial communities in small-scale agricultural environments. Additionally, it provides valuable insights for assessing the biodiversity of medicinal plants.
Infrared stimulated luminescence dating of 19th century fluvial deposits from the upper Rhine River

Abstract Knowledge of the age of fluvial deposits is an important aspect in the understanding of river dynamics, which is pre-requisite for sustainable river management and restoration back to more natural conditions and processes. Presented here is a case study on using feldspar Infrared Stimulated Luminescence (IRSL) to date low-energy fluvial sediments that formed after correction of the Upper Rhine River in the first half of the 19th century. A rigorous testing programme is carried out to characterise the IRSL properties of the samples, including thermal transfer, dose recovery and fading. All samples reveal complex distributions of equivalent dose, implying the presence of differential bleach-ing in the samples. It is shown that multi-grain aliquots overestimate the known-age by up-to 200 years, i.e. apparent IRSL ages are twice as old as the true age of the sediment. The use of single grains results in ages that are in excellent agreement with the expected age, therefore the age overestimation in multi-grain aliquot measurements is likely explained by signal averaging effects. While the application of single grains appears mandatory for dating young low-energy fluvial deposits, the small absolute offset associated with the multi-grain approach might be acceptable when dating sediments of such type that are older than a few 1000 years.
Harnessing Artificial Intelligence to Increase the Efficiency of Education Management in the Future

Education is a process for all time. The dynamic nature of education also means that the acceleration of life must be responded quickly with responsive education services. If education has an activity base that only repeats the past without getting closer to the contestual aspects of the present, then education will become static and will become an activity that does not provide implications at the level of current life solutions. So the future education is education that is not value-free. Valuing education is education that is always based on aspects of usefulness for the development of human life. Education is not only based on exams and textual problem solving. More than that, that education must be a solution to all the problems of today's life. So that no matter how fast the development of life is, education must still embrace that development so that it can be filled with the values of life sourced from religious values and community norms. The purpose of this study is to determine the utilization of artificial intelligence to improve the efficient management of education in the future. This research method uses quantitative research methods, where the data is obtained from the results of distributing questionnaires online. The results showed that creative teaching strategies were able to improve student achievement and motivation to learn. From this research it can be concluded that the utilization of artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency of education management in the future. The limitation of this research is that it can only do the utilization of artificial intelligence even though there are many more utilizations that can improve the efficient management of education in the future. Researchers hope that future researchers can conduct research related to the utilization of artificial intelligence to improve future education management efficiency but with other utilization. This study also recommends that future researchers make this research a reference in conducting research on improving the efficiency of students' future education management through the use of artificial intelligence.
A Novel Closed-Form Approach for Enhancing Efficiency in Pose Estimation From 3D Correspondences

Determining the pose using 3D data captured from two distinct frames holds significant significance in various robotic applications such as odometry, simultaneous localization and mapping and place recognition. Typically, this pose is calculated through the resolution of a least-squares problem, which involves establishing correspondences between points, points and planes, or points and lines. This non-linear least-squares problem can be addressed either through iterative optimization or, with greater efficiency, through closed-form solutions achieved via polynomial system solvers. In this letter, the focus is on enhancing the computational efficiency of polynomial solvers utilizing resultants. The newly proposed methodology outperforms previous techniques in terms of speed, all while maintaining identical levels of accuracy and robustness. Through simulations and real-world experiments, we validate the superior precision and robustness of the proposed algorithm when compared with prior methods.
Well-Being Assessment of Youth in Urban Marginalized Community

This paper examines the well-being of eight domains of youth in the marginalized urban community. Study area was at Low Cost Housing Project of Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur. Four hundred of youth age between 15 – 25 years old has been selected by stratified sampling. The average of well-being score is intermediate for the whole sample. However, the male score is slightly higher compared to female. Moral values show the highest score whilst participation in the community shows the lowest score for both male and female. As a conclusion, there is intermediate score of well-being of youth in the urban marginalized community. © 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creative commons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. Keywords: Well-being; marginalized; community; youth