Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Select human milk oligosaccharide supplementation in post‐weanling rats affects metabolism and gut microbiota into adulthood

Feeding infants with human milk versus formula can produce long‐lasting benefits, including reduced risk of inflammatory diseases. Most infant formulas do not contain human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are important carbohydrates in human breast milk displaying prebiotic properties. The study's aim was to examine the effect of select HMOs in the post‐weaning period.
Role of probiotics in chronic rhinosinusitis: a systematic review of randomised, controlled trials

Abstract Objective This review evaluated the safety profile and efficacy of probiotics in chronic rhinosinusitis and was registered with Prospero (Centre for Reviews and Dissemination number: 42020193529). Method Literature databases were searched through inception to August 2022. Randomised, controlled trials exploring adjunctive probiotics in adult chronic rhinosinusitis patients were included. From 948 records screened, 4 randomised, controlled trials were included. Results Probiotics-associated adverse effects comprised epistaxis and abdominal pain. No reduction in Sino-Nasal Outcome Test values before 4 weeks (p = 0.58) or beyond 8 weeks (p = 0.08) of treatment or reduction of severe symptom frequency (p = 0.75) was observed. Symptom relapse in probiotic-treated patients was significantly lower across all timepoints (p = 0.045). Lower sinusitis relapse risks during treatment (risk ratio = 0.49; p = 0.019) and 8 months post-treatment (risk ratio = 0.56, p = 0.013) were observed. Probiotics demonstrated potential in improving Sino-Nasal Outcome Test symptom subscales, including sleep, psychological and rhinology subscales. Conclusion The optimal mode of probiotic administration, treatment duration and target patient subgroups requires further study to evaluate the utility of probiotics.
Examining the Long-term Association Between Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Obesity and Obesity-related Unhealthy Behaviors Among Children: Results From the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study

Abstract Background Literature has focused on neighborhood environments and their possible impacts on obesity and obesity-related behaviors. However, few longitudinal studies have examined the effect of neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) on childhood obesity. Purpose Investigate the longitudinal association between nSES and obesity and obesity-related unhealthy behaviors. Methods We obtained data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 2,072). The main exposure was nSES (measured using an index of five variables representing wealth, income, education, and occupation from the Decennial Census 2000) at ages 3, 5, and 9. The outcome was children’s body mass index z-score (BMIz) at ages 5, 9, and 15. Three measures of obesity-related behaviors (i.e., child- or caregiver-reported soda/snack food intake, fast-food intake, and sedentary behaviors) at ages 5, 9, and 15 were included as mediators and outcomes. Cross-lagged path analyses were conducted. Results Higher nSES at a previous wave was associated with consuming less soda/snack foods (βs = −0.15 to −0.11 [varying by ages], p < .05) and fast-food intake (βs = −0.21 to −0.14 [varying by ages], p < .01), and less frequent sedentary behaviors (βs = −0.14 to −0.06 [varying by ages], p < .01), but not with BMIz (βs = −0.08 to 0.05 [varying by ages], p > .05). Unhealthy behaviors did not mediate the nSES–BMIz association at alpha . 05. Conclusion Health policies need to target low-socioeconomic neighborhoods to shape healthy lifestyles in children. To develop effective interventions, future research needs to examine comprehensive potential mediators like obesity-related parenting skills, home environments, and built and social environments on the risk of childhood obesity and obesity-related behaviors.
Social gaze cueing elicits facilitatory and inhibitory effects on movement execution when the model might act on an object

Social cues, such as eye gaze and pointing fingers, can increase the prioritisation of specific locations for cognitive processing. A previous study using a manual reaching task showed that, although both gaze and pointing cues altered target prioritisation (reaction times [RTs]), only pointing cues affected action execution (trajectory deviations). These differential effects of gaze and pointing cues on action execution could be because the gaze cue was conveyed through a disembodied head; hence, the model lacked the potential for a body part (i.e., hands) to interact with the target. In the present study, the image of a male gaze model, whose gaze direction coincided with two potential target locations, was centrally presented. The model either had his arms and hands extended underneath the potential target locations, indicating the potential to act on the targets (Experiment 1), or had his arms crossed in front of his chest, indicating the absence of potential to act (Experiment 2). Participants reached to a target that followed a nonpredictive gaze cue at one of three stimulus onset asynchronies. RTs and reach trajectories of the movements to cued and uncued targets were analysed. RTs showed a facilitation effect for both experiments, whereas trajectory analysis revealed facilitatory and inhibitory effects, but only in Experiment 1 when the model could potentially act on the targets. The results of this study suggested that when the gaze model had the potential to interact with the cued target location, the model’s gaze affected not only target prioritisation but also movement execution.
Array‐fed dual‐polarized wideband fabry–perot antenna based on metasurface

A high gain dual‐polarized wideband Fabry–Perot (FP) antenna fed by 1 × 2 antenna array is proposed. A metasurface consisting of patch and mesh array is employed as a partially reflective surface, which produces a reflection phase with a positive slope over a wideband frequency range for increasing antenna's gain bandwidth. To obtain dual polarizations and further improve the gain of antenna, a 1 × 2 patch array coupled by two orthogonal slots is designed as the feed of the FP antenna. A prototype is fabricated and measured. The measured results demonstrate that this proposed antenna has a 3‐dB gain bandwidth of 22.2% in both polarizations. The peak gain of 15.7 dBi and 15.2 dBi is obtained at two polarization ports, respectively. Within the 3‐dB gain bandwidth, good impedance matching with high isolation over 35 dB between the two ports is achieved as well. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2316–2321, 2016
Clinical data mining with Kernel-based algorithms

Cette these traite le developpement d’un systeme d’aide a la decision et se focalise sur la creation de "modele" : la selection de modele optimal, la selection de variables les plus significatives, l’interpretabilite du modele et sa validation historique. Ces questions sont traitees avec l’algorithme machine a vecteurs supports a unique et multiples noyaux. Deux applications cliniques ont ainsi ete choisies: la prediction de cas d’infection nosocomiale et la classification de tissus pulmonaires caracterises par des maladies interstitielles. Cette these apporte ses contributions a quatre principales problematiques : 1) la methode d’analyse de donnees desequilibrees sur lesquelles les methodes de fouille de donnees peuvent avoir un faible taux d’erreur sans etre sensibles aux cas mal representes ; 2) la portabilite de modeles predictifs en les evaluant dans le temps ; 3) l’analyse du compromis interpretabilite de modele et sa complexite et/ou stabilite ; 4) l’analyse de l’exploitation des resultats obtenus.
The pathogenesis of a 2022 North American highly pathogenic clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 avian influenza virus in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)

ABSTRACT Highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza viruses (AIVs) of the clade 2.3. 4.4 goose/Guangdong/1996 H5 lineage continue to be a problem in poultry and wild birds in much of the world. The recent incursion of a H5N1 clade 2.3. 4.4b HP AIV from this lineage into North America has resulted in widespread outbreaks in poultry and consistent detections of the virus across diverse families of birds and occasionally mammals. To characterize the pathobiology of this virus in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), which are a primary reservoir of AIV, a challenge study was conducted with 2-week-old birds. The 50% bird infectious dose was determined to be < 2 log10 50% egg infectious doses (EID50) and all exposed ducks, including ducks co-housed with inoculated ducks, were infected. Infection appeared to be subclinical for 58.8% (20/34) of the ducks, one duck was lethargic, about 20% developed neurological signs and were euthanized, and 18% developed corneal opacity. The mallards shed virus by both the oral and cloacal routes within 24–48 h post-infection. Oral shedding substantially decreased by 6–7 days post-infection, but 65% of the ducks continued to shed virus cloacally through 14 days post-exposure (DPE) for the direct inoculates and 13 DPE for contact-exposed ducks. Based on the high transmissibility, high virus shed titres, and mild-to-moderate disease, mallards could serve as efficient reservoirs to amplify and disseminate recent North American clade 2.3. 4.4b viruses.
Development and validation of a prediction model for the early occurrence of acute kidney injury in patients with acute pancreatitis

Abstract Background Acute pancreatitis (AP) is associated with a high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI). This study aimed to develop a nomogram for predicting the early onset of AKI in AP patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Method Clinical data for 799 patients diagnosed with AP were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. Eligible AP patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. The independent prognostic factors for the early development of AKI in AP patients were determined using the all-subsets regression method and multivariate logistic regression. A nomogram was constructed for predicting the early occurrence of AKI in AP patients. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results Seven independent prognostic factors were identified as predictive factors for early onset AKI in AP patients. The AUC of the nomogram in the training and validation cohorts were 0.795 (95% CI, 0.758–0.832) and 0.772 (95% CI, 0.711–0.832), respectively. The AUC of the nomogram was higher compared with that of the BISAP, Ranson, APACHE II scores. Further, the calibration curve revealed that the predicted outcome was in agreement with the actual observations. Finally, the DCA curves showed that the nomogram had a good clinical applicability value. Conclusion The constructed nomogram showed a good predictive ability for the early occurrence of AKI in AP patients.
Surface Modification of Si3N4-Coated Silicon Plate for Investigation of Living Cells

We report a simple new method to improve the cell adhesion ability on the Si3N4 surface. Light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) have become a powerful tool for studying the biological action of cells. The Si3N4 surface of a LAPS structure was coated with poly-L-ornithine and laminin to improve its cell adhesion ability. The thickness of the coated layer was very thin, about 4 nm, as determined by atomic force microscopy measurement and thus this treatment surface is suitable for biological sensing applications such as the detection of cell activities.
Intra-brain vascular models within the ICRP mesh-type adult reference phantoms for applications to internal dosimetry

Objective. Phantoms of the International Commission on Radiological Protection provide a framework for standardized dosimetry. The modeling of internal blood vessels—essential to tracking circulating blood cells exposed during external beam radiotherapy and to account for radiopharmaceutical decays while still in blood circulation—is, however, limited to the major inter-organ arteries and veins. Intra-organ blood is accounted for only through the assignment of a homogeneous mixture of parenchyma and blood [single-region (SR) organs]. Our goal was to develop explicit dual-region (DR) models of intra-organ blood vasculature of the adult male brain (AMB) and adult female brain (AFB). Approach. A total of 4000 vessels were created amongst 26 vascular trees. The AMB and AFB models were then tetrahedralized for coupling to the PHITS radiation transport code. Absorbed fractions were computed for monoenergetic alpha particles, electrons, positrons, and photons for both decay sites within the blood vessels and for tissues outside these vessels. Radionuclide S-values were computed for 22 and 10 radionuclides commonly employed in radiopharmaceutical therapy and nuclear medicine diagnostic imaging, respectively. Main results. For radionuclide decays, values of S(brain tissue ← brain blood) assessed in the traditional manner (SR) were higher than those computed using our DR models by factors of 1.92, 1.49, and 1.57 for therapeutic alpha-emitters, beta-emitters, and Auger electron-emitters, respectively in the AFB and by factors of 1.65, 1.37, and 1.42 for these same radionuclide categories in the AMB. Corresponding ratios of SR and DR values of S(brain tissue ← brain blood) were 1.34 (AFB) and 1.26 (AMB) for four SPECT radionuclides, and were 1.32 (AFB) and 1.24 (AMB) for six common PET radionuclides. Significance. The methodology employed in this study can be explored in other organs of the body for proper accounting of blood self-dose for that fraction of the radiopharmaceutical still in general circulation.
Supervisors’ Work Engagement Is Associated With Interactivity and Carefulness in Supporting Subordinates

Using text mining method, this study revealed that supervisors with high work engagement frequently mentioned about information retrieval, information transmission, and carefulness in supporting their subordinates. Supervisors with high work engagement probably have active communication with their subordinates and support them on a daily basis. Objective This study aimed to structure supervisory support and clarify the relationship between supervisors’ work engagement and support for their subordinates. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in a manufacturing company using a questionnaire survey. Supervisors provided open-ended responses regarding the provision of support for their subordinates. Using text mining, we structured these descriptions into multiple categories, assigned words to them, and analyzed frequently mentioned categories by the level of work engagement. Results We obtained responses from 729 participants that included 13,968 words. We structured supervisory support by three categories (contents, direction, and attitude toward support) and 11 subcategories. As supervisors’ work engagement increased, the rates of mentioning information retrieval, information transmission, and carefulness increased. Conclusions Supervisors with work engagement could communicate with each other and be careful in providing support to their subordinates.
Dietary nano-Se supplementation regulates lipid deposition, protein synthesis and muscle fibre formation in grass carp fed with high-fat diet

Abstract The current study aims to confirm the positive effects of dietary nano-Se on nutrients deposition and muscle fibre formation in grass carp fed with high-fat diet (HFD) before overwintering and to reveal its possible molecular mechanism. The lipid deposition, protein synthesis and muscle fibre formation in grass carp fed with regular diet (RD), HFD or HFD supplemented with nano-Se (0·3 or 0·6 mg/kg) for 60 d were tested. Results show that nano-Se significantly reduced lipid content, dripping loss and fibre diameter (P < 0·05), but increased protein content, post-mortem pH24 h and muscle fibre density (P < 0·05) in muscle of grass carp fed with HFD. Notably, dietary nano-Se decreased lipid deposition in the muscle by regulating amp-activated protein kinase activity and increased protein synthesis and fibre formation in muscle by activating target of rapamycin and myogenic determining factors pathways. In summary, dietary nano-Se can regulate the nutrients deposition and muscle fibre formation in grass carp fed with HFD, which exhibit potential benefit for improving flesh quality of grass carp fed with HFD.
Depth camera for 3DTV applications

In this paper, we present the depth value accuracy requirements for novel view synthesis in 3DTV and our approach for depth camera based on hybrid method of structured light and active stereo matching. We first review the background on the use of multiview video plus depth(MVD) representation for future 3DTV system, depth acquisition methods and tools for real-time and non-real-time dense depth map acquisition in terms of performance and limitations. Then we use a simple analysis model for novel view synthesis based on DIBR to draw depth value accuracy requirements. Finally we present our approach on depth camera development along with future directions and huddles in developing real-time depth camera usable for 3DTV content production.
Lithium Chloride Exerts Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects by Inhibiting Microglial Activation in LPS-Induced Retinal Injury

Purpose To explore the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of lithium chloride (LiCl) in LPS-induced retinal injury. Methods In vitro, primary retinal microglia were pretreated with LiCl and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pro-inflammatory cytokine production, microglial morphological changes, and inflammation-associated signaling pathways were measured by real-time PCR (RT-PCR), western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Primary retinal neurons were cultured with microglial-derived conditioned medium in the absence or presence of LiCl. Neurotoxicity was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and γ-H2AX detection. In vivo, an endotoxin-induced uveitis mice model was established, and each animal was given intraperitoneal injection of LiCl or vehicle. The retinal inflammatory response was measured by hematoxylin and eosin and fluorescent staining, RT-PCR, western blotting, and TUNEL assay. Retinal thickness and function were evaluated by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and electroretinography. Results In vitro, LiCl exerted no obvious toxic effects on microglia and significantly decreased proinflammatory factor (inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6) production, inhibited microglial activation in morphology, and suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Akt, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) phosphorylation. Moreover, LiCl promoted retinal neuron survival and reduced cell apoptosis and the expression of γ-H2AX. In vivo, LiCl reduced inflammatory infiltrating cells in the vitreous cavity and decreased proinflammatory cytokine expression in retinas. LiCl suppressed LPS-induced microglial activation, proliferation, and migration. Additionally, LiCl reduced LPS-induced apoptosis of ganglion cells and retinal edema and rescued retinal functional damage. Conclusions This study demonstrates that LiCl exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects by inhibiting microglial activation via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway in LPS-induced retinal injury. LiCl provides a novel and promising option to treat retinal inflammatory diseases.
Treatment outcomes of extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma

Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma (EES), is a rare soft tissue sarcoma. Treatment for EES commonly involves chemotherapy and surgical resection (ST) or less commonly combined chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy (ST + RT). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate our institutional experience treating EES.
Linear perturbation response of self-similar ablative flows relevant to inertial confinement fusion

A family of exact similarity solutions for inviscid compressible ablative flows in slab symmetry with nonlinear heat conduction is proposed for studying unsteadiness and compressibility effects on the hydrodynamic stability of ablation fronts relevant to inertial confinement fusion. Dynamical multi-domain Chebyshev spectral methods are employed for computing both the similarity solution and its time-dependent linear perturbations. This approach has been exploited to analyse the linear stability properties of two self-similar ablative configurations subjected to direct laser illumination asymmetries. Linear perturbation temporal and reduced responses are analysed, evidencing a maximum instability for illumination asymmetries of zero transverse wavenumber as well as three distinct regimes of ablation-front distortion evolution, and emphasizing the importance of the mean flow unsteadiness, compressibility and stratification.
Clinical association between intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence imaging pattern, preoperative Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging findings, and histological differentiation in hepatocellular carcinoma

We aimed to evaluate the association between the intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging (FI) pattern, preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings using gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd‐EOB‐DTPA), preoperative diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) of MRI, and histological differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
The Influence of Part-Time Occlusion Therapy on Control of Intermittent Exotropia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background: Intermittent exotropia is the most prevalent subtype of exotropia in children. Part-time occlusion (PTO) as an anti-suppression therapy was applied for nonsurgical management of intermittent exotropia. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of PTO therapy and observation in the treatment of intermittent exotropia. Method: An exhaustive search of the literature from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was carried out until July 2022. No language restrictions were applied. The literature was rigorously screened against eligibility criteria. Weighted mean differences and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Results: A total of 4 articles with 617 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Our pooled results showed that PTO exhibited superior effects compared to observation, with greater decrease in exotropia control at distance and near (MD = −0.38, 95% CI: −0.57 to −0.20, p < 0.001; MD = −0.36, 95% CI: −0.54 to −0.18, p < 0.001); patients subjected to PTO therapy had greater decrease in distance deviations (MD = −1.95, 95% CI: −3.13 to −0.76, p = 0.001), and there was greater improvement in near stereoacuity among the PTO group in comparison with the observation group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The present meta-analysis indicated that PTO therapy showed a better effect in improving control and near stereopsis and decreasing distance exodeviation angle of children with intermittent exotropia in comparison with observation.