Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Innovation and the determinants of company survival

Although many companies compete through the development of new technologies and products, it is well known that innovation is inherently risky and therefore may increase the ex ante likelihood of both exceptional company performance and bankruptcy. However, existing empirical studies consistently find a positive relationship between innovative activity and company survival. We argue that this conclusion may be a result of a simple selection effect caused by the degree of uncertainty embodied in the innovation proxies used. Using a panel of almost 300,000 Australian companies, we estimate a piecewise-constant exponential hazard rate model to examine the relationship between innovation and company survival. As expected, we find that the degree of uncertainty embodied in different innovation proxies does shape the pattern of company survival. Copyright 2010 , Oxford University Press.
Identifying Phrasemes via Interlingual Association Measures -- A Data-driven Approach on Dependency-parsed and Word-aligned Parallel Corpora

It has been understood for a long time that the semantic content of a combination of two or more words often cannot be derived from the semantics of the single words, but that the use of one particular word imposes restrictions upon others (Firth 1957; Evert 2004, 15–17). The semantics is then either determined by the ruling word, e.g., in the case of light verb constructions (attention entails pay in pay attention), or by the entity of all participating words, e.g., in the case of idiomatic expressions or set phrases (so to speak). Many names have been given to this phenomenon, each of which looking at it from a slightly different perspective: collocations, multiword expressions, phrasemes, idioms or formulaic sequences, to name just a few. The term lexical function (Wanner 1996; Mel’čuk 1998) stresses the aspect of one word being the value returned by a function applied to another word. That lack of flexibility of the determined word, which does not contribute much – if anything – to the meaning of the composed expressions is what we make use of in the approach described in this paper. In our work, we address the issue of phraseme identification in one language by searching for corresponding syntactic structures in parallel, word-aligned corpora. We exemplify our approach by retrieving and ranking support verb constructions that consist of a verb and its direct object. The support verb’s nature allows for correspondences that can be regarded as translations only in the context of the whole construction. A suitable translation of the support verb construction pay attention into German is Aufmerksamkeit schenken ‘attention’ + ‘give as a present’/‘make a gift’. While attention and Aufmerksamkeit embody the same semantic concept, pay and schenken can hardly be seen as good translations except for this particular case – and only in conjunction with their direct objects. This paper is structured as follows: In section 2, we give an overview of statistical association measures and their motivation. Section 3 explains the design of our corpus including the choice of corpus material and the annotation and alignment tasks that are required to allow for complex corpus queries such as the ones we use for
“Active” and “Passive” Resettlement: The Influence of Support Services and Refugees' own Resources on Resettlement Style

This paper explores the process of resettlement among recent refugees in Perth, Western Australia. We propose four refugee resettlement styles created through the interaction of a number of factors. These factors can be clustered as: (1) the social features of refugees (their human, social, and cultural capital), and (2) the host society's responses to refugee settlers (Australia's resettlement policy and services and the broader influence of the host society's responses to refugees). We propose that refugees approach their resettlement in predominantly active ("achievers" and "consumers") or passive ("endurers" and "victims") ways and that these are differentially successful strategies. Medicalization of the refugee experience in Australia is a factor that may influence refugees to adopt a passive "victim role", so we propose that a greater emphasis during early resettlement should be placed on refugees' own culturally defined priorities such as employment and stable housing. The argument developed in this paper is supported by data from two qualitative research projects conducted in Western Australia. The fieldwork consisted of interviews, focus groups, and participant observation, and targeted refugees from the former Yugoslavia and the Horn of Africa who arrived in Australia during the 1990s and 2000s, as well as resettlement service providers.
Birds to baby dreaming: connecting visitors to Bininj and wildlife in Australia's Northern Territory

Denise Lawungkurr Goodfellow is a birding/natural history guide, author or co-author of six books (mainly about fauna), ‘old lady’ of an Aboriginal clan, and a PhD student (Southern Cross University). My first guiding experience was unlike any other, and yet in some ways similar. In 1979, I was shooting buffalo in Australia’s Northern Territory (NT) for a pet meat firm, and an American visitor had hired my fellow shooters to find him a beast. My colleagues found the animal and positioned the shooter, and after he killed it, removed, cleaned, and mounted the horns for him. The result was a trophy presentable enough for his living room. In the few hours we were together, the shooter hardly said a word to nor looked at any of us. Nor did the beautiful country appear to make an impression. It was as if nothing existed but that buffalo. Since then I have met birders who behave similarly to that shooter, except, of course, they do not shoot the bird. They want a guide to find and line up the target so they can claim it for their bird list. As a freelance birding guide, I am happy to spend time with almost any type of birder – they can be great company. However, some, like that buffalo shooter, are only focused on that next new trophy, and I try to avoid them.
Layoffs, recalls and unemployment duration: evidence from Sweden

The question addressed in this paper is whether the possibility of exit from unemployment to the previous employer affects the duration of unemployment spells in Sweden. The empirical analysis is performed using an employee–employer dataset that includes a number of enterprise characteristics and provides information on individual tenure. The econometric approach employs estimation of a competing risk duration model to distinguish between exits to the previous employer and exits to a new job. The findings suggest that greater tenure raises the risk of transition to the previous employer, while high education levels increase the risk of obtaining a new job. Moreover, the impact of benefit exhaustion is observed only for transitions to new employment.
Exploring Scale Effects of Best/Worst Rank Ordered Choice Data to Estimate Benefits of Tourism in Alpine Grazing Commons

In many environmental valuation applications standard sample sizes for choice modelling surveys are impractical to achieve. One can improve data quality using more in-depth surveys administered to fewer respondents. We report on a study using high quality rank-ordered data elicited with the best-worst approach. The resulting "exploded logit" choice model, estimated on 64 responses per person, was used to study the willingness to pay for external benefits by visitors for policies which maintain the cultural heritage of alpine grazing commons. We find evidence supporting this approach and reasonable estimates of mean WTP, which appear theoretically valid and policy informative. Copyright 2010, Oxford University Press.
AT2 receptor agonists: hypertension and beyond

Purpose of reviewResearch about the angiotensin AT2 receptor (AT2R) has been hampered in the past by the lack of a specific and selective agonist with in-vivo stability. Such an eagerly awaited agonist, compound 21, has recently become available, giving momentum to AT2R research which so far has resulted in 14 original publications. This article is intending to review those publications which address AT2R function by direct in-vivo stimulation instead of indirect approaches such as receptor blockade or genetic alteration of AT2R expression. Recent findingsStudies reviewed in this article looked at the effect of AT2R stimulation in disease models of hypertension, renal disease, stroke, Alzheimer's disease and myocardial infarction. AT2R stimulation does not have an antihypertensive effect, but promoted tissue protection in all models in which it was tested. Antiinflammation and antiapoptosis seem important features of the AT2R underlying improved outcome in experimental disease models. SummaryAvailability of nonpeptidic, orally active AT2R agonists will facilitate future AT2R research and hopefully contribute to the clarification of many still open questions regarding AT2R signalling and function. Furthermore, AT2R agonists represent a potential novel class of drugs and are expected to enter a phase I clinical study in 2012.
Development: The Malaysian Experience

Politics in Malaysia is dominated by ethnic considerations; hence, the most critical challenge of development in the country has been the issue of national unity. The Malaysian government has attempted to include all ethnic groups in the process of development regardless of their ethnicity or religion especially since the ethnic riots of 1969. Therefore, the Malaysian government designed economic programs such as the New Economic Policy (NEP) and New Economic Model (NEM) to facilitate this process through state- oriented policies and also include all ethnic groups in the process of development. In fact, Malaysia has followed non-conventional theories of development because of the role of government in the development process. This article seeks to explain the ambitious grand programs of the Malaysian government and demonstrate how these programs have followed non-conventional theories of development.
New careers for old? Organizational and individual responses to changing boundaries

Much has been written about the implications for employees in the post-corporate era of boundaryless careers. Much less has been written about the problems and challenges facing employers within a boundaryless career context. This paper contributes to both levels of analysis. At the level of the individual employee, focusing upon the middle of the organization, we suggest that there has been a differential impact upon individuals with some ‘losers’ and some ‘winners’. Skilled specialist employees and younger employees may welcome changing career boundaries, whereas those with more generic skills and older employees may be less enthusiastic. At the employer level, our research suggests that the rise of new career boundaries has left employers marginalized in unforeseen ways from the emerging new social structures that individuals are increasingly reliant upon to support the development of their skills and professional networks. We agree with Van Buren (2003) that the demise of the organization-career poses challenges at the organization and industry level in terms of developing and leveraging knowledge. However, the emergence of new boundaries has compounded the difficulties that organizations and industries now face. Thus it may be that even if employers were willing and eager to tackle the employability challenge, the shifting form of career boundaries make this a significant strategic human resource challenge.
A Na+-translocating Pyrophosphatase in the Acetogenic Bacterium Acetobacterium woodii*

The anaerobic acetogenic bacterium Acetobacterium woodii employs a novel type of Na+-motive anaerobic respiration, caffeate respiration. However, this respiration is at the thermodynamic limit of energy conservation, and even worse, in the first step, caffeate is activated by caffeyl-CoA synthetase, which hydrolyzes ATP to AMP and pyrophosphate. Here, we have addressed whether or not the energy stored in the anhydride bond of pyrophosphate is conserved by A. woodii. Inverted membrane vesicles of A. woodii have a membrane-bound pyrophosphatase that catalyzes pyrophosphate hydrolysis at a rate of 70–120 milliunits/mg of protein. Pyrophosphatase activity was dependent on the divalent cation Mg2+. In addition, activity was strictly dependent on Na+ with a Km of 1.1 mm. Hydrolysis of pyrophosphate was accompanied by 22Na+ transport into the lumen of the inverted membrane vesicles. Inhibitor studies revealed that 22Na+ transport was primary and electrogenic. Next to the Na+-motive ferredoxin:NAD+ oxidoreductase (Fno or Rnf), the Na+-pyrophosphatase is the second primary Na+-translocating enzyme in A. woodii.
Model Reduction by Nice Selections for Linear Switched Systems

A moment-matching method for model reduction of linear switched systems (LSSs) is presented. The method can be seen as a non-trivial extension of the Krylov subspace methods for linear time-invariant (LTI) systems. The procedure is based on the so called “nice selections,” which represent a choice of basis in the reachability or observability space of the LSS. The framework can also be used for exact matching of the input-output behavior of an LSS with a reduced order LSS for a specific switching sequence. Conditions for applicability of the method for model reduction are stated and finally the results are illustrated on numerical examples.
Effect of nitrate injection on the microbial community in an oil field as monitored by reverse sample genome probing

The reverse sample genome probe (RSGP) method, developed for monitoring the microbial community in oil fields with a moderate subsurface temperature, has been improved by (i) isolation of a variety of heterotrophic bacteria and inclusion of their genomes on the oil field master filter and (ii) use of phosphorimaging technology for the rapid quantitation of hybridization signals. The new master filter contains the genomes of 30 sulfate-reducing, 1 sulfide-oxidizing, and 16 heterotrophic bacteria. Most have been identified by partial 16S rRNA sequencing. Use of improved RSGP in monitoring the effect of nitrate injection in an oil field indicated that the sulfide-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing isolate CVO (a Campylobacter sp.) becomes the dominant community component immediately after injection. No significant enhancement of other community members, including the sulfate-reducing bacteria, was observed. The elevated level of CVO decayed at most sampling sites within 30 days after nitrate injection was terminated. Chemical analyses indicated a corresponding decrease and subsequent increase in sulfide concentrations. Thus, transient injection of a higher potential electron acceptor into an anaerobic subsurface system can have desirable effects (i.e., reduction of sulfide levels) without a permanent adverse influence on the resident microbial community.
Construction et évolution de connaissances par confrontation de points de vue : prototype pour la recherche d'information scientifique

Avec le Web 2.0, les utilisateurs, devenus contributeurs, ont pris une place centrale dans les processus de consommation et de production de connaissances ; cependant la paternite des contributions est souvent perdue lors de l'indexation de l'information. Viewpoints est un formalisme de representation des connaissances centre sur le point de vue individuel, humain ou artificiel. Nous considerons trois types d'objets de connaissance : les documents (supports), les agents (emetteurs) et les topics (descripteurs). Un viewpoint emis par un agent exprime son opinion sur la proximite entre deux objets. Les viewpoints permettent de definir et de calculer une distance entre objets qui evolue au fil des interactions (requetes et retours d'utilisation) et de l'ajout de nouveaux viewpoints. Un prototype de moteur de recherche pour des donnees de publications scientifiques tirees de HAL-LIRMM montre comment Viewpoints peut faire emerger, de facon transparente, une intelligence collective a partir des interactions des utilisateurs contributeurs.
Design and development of circular filter using QSIW resonator

In this paper, we present a new Quarter-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide filter (QMSIW). A prototype of the proposed filter operating at 8.88 GHz was simulated under CST Microwave Studio and HFSS software. Return losses represent better than 20dB, while the simulated insertion losses represent 0.4dB. The simulated results of this filter show good agreement, with a size reduction of about 75 and 50 percent compared to the SIW and HMSIW filters, respectively. The proposed QMSIW filter has a wide bandwidth, low losses and a compact size, the total size being less than 12 mm × 6.7 mm × 0.508 mm without the feed lines.
The cost of food safety due to animal by-product regulation in Spain: who pays for it?

This paper puts forward implications of the implementation of Regulation (EC) No. 1774/2002 in Spain, which regulates in an integrated manner all animal by-products that are not intended for human consumption with the maximum hygiene and environmental security. Farmers, slaughter houses, food industries, retailers, animal feed producers, fertilizer producers, transport and logistic businesses, renders, valorisation and waste management plants are activity sectors of great health, environment and economic importance and all of them play an important role in the implementation of the aforementioned regulation. This work analyses in detail the generation and management of the animal by-products in those different stages of the production chain of meat. The focus of the paper is on the transmission of the costs associated to the implementation of the regulation along the production chain. The results show an uneven distribution of the regulation costs, where the farmers face particularly high costs (which are, in general, subsidised by the Government). On the other hand, the transmission of costs to the final consumers depends on the type of animal we considered: for cattle and sheep, the lack of competitiveness in their markets also interferes in the costs transmission.
Intellectual and Social Capitals Development A Case in Malaysian’s ICT Companies

Intellectual capital is said to be a source of competitive advantage and there is evidence that business success can be partly explained by its intellectual capital. It is argued that the main dimensions of social capital of relevance to intellectual capital are structural, cognitive, and relational capitals because these, among other things, foster the exchange of knowledge and resources among the organization members. The objective of this paper is to investigate the importance of social capital in fostering the development of intellectual capital among the engineers. This study used case study method and data were collected through interviews. Data were analysed using within-case and cross-case analysis. The analysis shows that the most important dimension for intellectual capital development is structural capital. The findings also suggest that structural capital is a prerequisite of relational capital among engineers in an organizational project. The findings also demonstrate that frequent meetings and interactions, relationship, hierarchy or status, and shared language are among the factors that foster the sharing of knowledge among engineers. This study also elucidated that structural and relational capitals play important role in knowledge sharing and hence intellectual capital development.
Optimizing duty-cycle perturbation of P&O MPPT technique

In presence of rapidly changing atmospheric conditions, the Perturb and Observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm can be confused due to the fact that it is not able to distinguish the variations of the photovoltaic array output power caused by the duty cycle modulation from those ones caused by the irradiance variation. In this paper, it is shown that the negative effects associated to such a drawback can be greatly reduced if the magnitude of the duty-cycle perturbations is customized to the dynamic behavior of the specific DC-DC converter adopted to realize the P&O MPPT. As an example, a boost battery charger has been studied.
A Model for Assessing Cultural Impacts on International Buyer-Seller Relationships for Key Accounts of Hotel Companies

An understanding of the role of relationship building and the constructs that are important to developing business-to-business relationships can assist salespersons in developing successful strategies. Identifying what kind of relationships are acceptable and desirable is particularly important when operating internationally due to cultural influences. This article presents a model for examining international buyer-seller relationships in the hotel industry. The model was developed from literature in marketing, international business, and sociology as well as related literature in services and hospitality. Major constructs in the model are personal and work values as they relate to national culture, structural and social bonding, communication dimensions, trust, long-term orientation of the buyer, relationship commitment, and a continuum representing the range of potential relationships. Asia and North America are used to provide a frame of reference for examining international relationships within the model.
The Probability of Exit

A firm may leave an industry in at least three ways: through merger, voluntary liquidation, or bankruptcy. There are important economic differences between forms of exit, yet previous work has treated exits as homogeneous. This article develops a model of the relation between the forms of exit and uses it to guide selection of simple, estimated statistical models. An empirical example from the cotton textile industry demonstrates the arguments. The results in this data are that the form of exit is not related to profitability, that there is some heterogeneity across forms of exit, and that information about the characteristics of the firm alone is not sufficient to predict all forms of exit.
Low-Income Families in Their New Neighborhoods

This article investigates short-term changes in neighborhood conditions for families moving from Chicago public housing as part of the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) demonstration program. MTO features a controlled experimental design and thus may be better suited, in the long run, than recent survey-based studies to elucidate the effects of neighborhood conditions on family and children's well-being. We focus on five key aspects of family well-being: neighborhood conditions, feelings of safety, experiences with crime, opportunities and risks for teenagers, and access to services. All mover families experienced significant improvements on each measure, yet those that were required to move to low-poverty neighborhoods experienced the greatest improvements. The only drawback to these low-poverty moves appears to be the relative isolation of the destination, particularly concerning access to public transportation; however, more intensive housing counseling might help families choose neighborhoods with better access to transportation and closer to other services.