Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An enactive approach to the design of new tangible musical instruments

In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework for the design of tangible interfaces for musical expression. The main insight for the proposed approach is the importance and utility of familiar sensorimotor experiences for the creation of engaging and playable new musical instruments. In particular, we suggest exploiting the commonalities between different natural interactions by varying the auditory response or tactile details of the instrument within certain limits. Using this principle, devices for classes of sounds such as coarse grain collision interactions or friction interactions can be designed. The designs we propose retain the familiar tactile aspect of the interaction so that the performer can take advantage of tacit knowledge gained through experiences with such phenomena in the real world.
Trends in the Consumption of Opioid Analgesics in a Tertiary Care Hospital from 2000 to 2012

Background: World Health Organization considers opioid analgesic use as an important measure in the treat- ment of pain relief. However, there are limited data about the pattern of opioid analgesic use in tertiary care hospitals in Korea. The aim of this study was to describe the trends in the prescribed amount of the opioid for 13 years from 2000 to 2012 in a single tertiary care hospital. Methods: The data from the prescribed amount of opioid use in patients aged over 18 years were retrieved from medical charts and longitudinal pharmacy records of Seoul National University Hospital. Yearly prescribed amount of opioids were calculated using defined daily dose adjusted by hospital stay (DDD/1000HS). Results: Over the 13 years of the study period, overall use of opioid has increased by 64.1%. Although, the opioid use by hospitalized patients comprised 98%~99% of total amount of opioid use, the proportions of opioid use by outpatient and by cancer patient increased from 1.1% to 2.2% and from 60.5% to 69.3%, respectively. The use of non-injectable opioids has increased by 47% and that of injectables has increased by 70%. While the amount of codeine and morphine use has decreased, the use of both transdermal and injection formulation of fentanyl has increased dramatically. Also, the use of oxycodone has increased, especially in outpatient setting. Conclusion: This longitudinal study showed that opioid analgesic use in tertiary hospital, especially in outpatient is continuously increasing. Improvement in pain management in tertiary care hospital can be cautiously inferred based on this results.
Early Diagnosis of Johne's Disease in the American Bison by Monoclonal Antibodies Directed against Antigen 85

Abstract: Several monoclonal antibodies derived from hybridomas from mice that had been immunized with recombinant Mycobacterium bovis antigen 85 (Ag85) were tested for reactivity against antigen 85 (Ag85) from M. bovis and against sera from 100 bison inoculated with M. paratuberculosis and from 100 control bison from a disease‐free herd. Monoclonal antibodies mAb85.1, mAb85.44. 1, mAb85.44. 9, and mAb85.96 reacted against three or four 30‐33‐kDa bands of the Ag85 complex of M. bovis. Importantly, these mAbs also reacted with bands of similar molecular weight in the sera of bison inoculated with M. paratuberculosis. Additionally, when sera from 198 bison in four herds were reacted against mAb85.1 and mAb85.96, 26 bison reacted positively for the presence of Ag85 by either mAb or by both. These preliminary results indicate that monoclonal antibodies may eventually lead to a reliable diagnostic test for the early detection of M. paratuberculosis infections in ruminants as well as to a means for identifying contaminated dairy products.
Harmonic pulse analysis to detect biologically plausible gene regulatory networks

This paper presents Harmonic Pulse Analysis (HPA), an evaluation criteria and method to measure the “biological likeliness” of artificially generated gene regulatory networks, without the use of biological knowledge associated to genes, proteins and small molecules that constitute the target gene regulatory network. HPA is essential for the prediction of gene regulatory networks, which are mostly unknown. To evaluate the HPA, 1,000 networks were generated by successive modification of the gene regulatory network of Sea urchin endomesoderm, maintaining the number of genes and injection points. Additions, deletions and changes of links among genes were introduced to measure the variation of the networks' pulse density value, in order to extrapolate the discrimination threshold between truly biological network and approximatedly biological network. Generated networks were analyzed by the harmonic pulse analysis. 2% of systematically generated networks were within 1% margin of the harmonic pulse density of the Sea urchin early embryo network. 7% of networks were within 5% margin, and 28% within 10% margin.
Early brain overgrowth in autism associated with an increase in cortical surface area before age 2 years.

CONTEXT Brain enlargement has been observed in 2-year-old children with autism, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate early growth trajectories in brain volume and cortical thickness. DESIGN Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. SETTING Academic medical centers. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-nine children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 38 control children. INTERVENTION Children were examined at approximately 2 years of age. Magnetic resonance imaging was repeated approximately 24 months later (when aged 4-5 years; 38 children with ASD; 21 controls). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cerebral gray and white matter volumes and cortical thickness. RESULTS We observed generalized cerebral cortical enlargement in individuals with ASD at both 2 and 4 to 5 years of age. Rate of cerebral cortical growth across multiple brain regions and tissue compartments in children with ASD was parallel to that seen in the controls, indicating that there was no increase in rate of cerebral cortical growth during this interval. No cerebellar differences were observed in children with ASD. After controlling for total brain volume, a disproportionate enlargement in temporal lobe white matter was observed in the ASD group. We found no significant differences in cortical thickness but observed an increase in an estimate of surface area in the ASD group compared with controls for all cortical regions measured (temporal, frontal, and parieto-occipital lobes). CONCLUSIONS Our longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study found generalized cerebral cortical enlargement in children with ASD, with a disproportionate enlargement in temporal lobe white matter. There was no significant difference from controls in the rate of brain growth for this age interval, indicating that brain enlargement in ASD results from an increased rate of brain growth before age 2 years. The presence of increased cortical volume, but not cortical thickness, suggests that early brain enlargement may be associated with increased cortical surface area. Cortical surface area overgrowth in ASD may underlie brain enlargement and implicates a distinct set of pathogenic mechanisms.
The global diabatic circulation of the stratosphere as a metric for the Brewer–Dobson circulation

Abstract. The circulation of the stratosphere, also known as the Brewer–Dobson circulation, transports water vapor and ozone, with implications for radiative forcing and climate. This circulation is typically quantified from model output by calculating the tropical upwelling vertical velocity in the residual circulation framework, and it is estimated from observations by using time series of tropical water vapor to infer a vertical velocity. Recent theory has introduced a method to calculate the strength of the global mean diabatic circulation through isentropes from satellite measurements of long-lived tracers. In this paper, we explore this global diabatic circulation as it relates to the residual circulation vertical velocity, stratospheric water vapor, and ozone at interannual timescales. We use a comprehensive climate model, three reanalysis data products, and satellite ozone data. The different metrics for the circulation have different properties, especially with regards to the vertical autocorrelation. In the model, the different residual circulation metrics agree closely and are well correlated with the global diabatic circulation, except in the lowermost stratosphere. In the reanalysis products, however, there are more differences throughout, indicating the dynamical inconsistencies of these products. The vertical velocity derived from the time series of water vapor in the tropics is significantly correlated with the global diabatic circulation, but this relationship is not as strong as that between the global diabatic circulation and the residual circulation vertical velocity. We find that the global diabatic circulation in the lower to middle stratosphere (up to 500 K) is correlated with the total column ozone in the high latitudes and in the tropics. The upper-level circulation is also correlated with the total column ozone, primarily in the subtropics, and we show that this is due to the correlation of both the circulation and the ozone with upper-level temperatures.
Da sensibilidade à consciência: o conhecimento morfológico e o modelo de Redescrição Representacional

The present investigation is dedicated to the study of the Brazilian Portuguese children’s morphological knowledge and its relation with levels of mental representations as postulated by the Representational Redescription model (KARMILOFF-SMITH, 1992). The data consist of regularized verbal forms, changes of inflectional suffixes as well as lexical novelty (morphological variant forms) taken from spontaneous speech and of three morphological tests, which involve derivation and inflection of nonce words, extraction of nonce base from derived nonce words, and judgment of words as well as a metalinguistic explanation. The survey of the responses reveals morphological knowledge that goes from sensitivity – morphological variant forms – to linguistic awareness – morphology tests. Thus, the data pointed to the plausibility of all the different levels of representation across development. In our view, this work embodies a first step towards an explanation of the mental representations that underlie both the comprehension and production of children’s growing morphological knowledge and goes beyond the simple implicit/explicit dichotomy used in most previous work.
Effect of Preparation Method on Chemical Property of Different Thai Rice Variety

Improving benefits and reducing risk of staple food consumption are of interest among researchers nowadays. Rice is the major staple foods consumed in Asia. It has been reported that rice consumption has a positive association with the risk of chronic diseases. The effects of rice variety and preparation process on chemical characteristics of rice were investigated in the current study. Three Thai rice varieties, Khao Dok Mali 105 (KDML 105), Sao Hai (SH) and Riceberry (RB), underwent parboiling or non-parboiling as well as polishing or non-polishing prior to chemical property analysis. It was found that parboiling process possessed greater content of mineral as indicated by ash content as well as fiber and total phenolic content (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity when compared to non-parboiling treatments, whereas the reduction in amylose and TAC content, GI value and starch digestibility were observed in this sample. On the other hand, polishing process led to reduction in ash, amylose, fiber, TPC and TAC content and DPPH values. GI value and starch digestibility of non-parboiled rice were lowest in SH, RB and KDML 105, respectively. However, with parboiling treatment, GI values among rice varieties were not significantly different. It can be concluded that natural composition of each rice variety is different and it affects human health. However, preparation process can alter the chemical property of rice as well as influence health benefit of rice.
Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides presenting with a solitary lesion: Clinicopathological features and long‐term follow‐up data in a series of 9 cases

Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (FMF) is a distinct variant of mycosis fungoides, which in rare cases may present with a solitary lesion. Reported cases describe an excellent prognosis, but follow up was generally short. Herein, clinicopathologic characteristics, long‐term follow‐up data of 9 patients with solitary FMF are presented and differential diagnosis is discussed.
The Disk Covering Tour Problem in the Wireless Sensor Network

The paper discusses the disk covering tour problem for reducing the mobile devices' mobile electricity costs consumed in the wireless sensor network. The DCTP discusses how to find a tour whose cost is the minimum under the condition of the defined initial points and some planar points. The tour starts from the initial stop point. After passing many stop points, the tour returns to the initial stop point. Although the stop point is unnecessary to be in the defined points, the distance between each defined point and a certain stop point during the tour at least should be within the de- fined disk radius. The electricity can be consumed much when the mobile devices move in and out the stop points. There- fore, the less the number of the stop points is, the less the tour cost is. How to reduce the number of the stop points is re- garded as the disk covering problem. The decreasing k-means algorithm is proposed to try finding out the nearly mini- mum disk for covering all defined points, and then the Lin-Kernighan heuristic is introduced to find out the approximating shortest tour through the obtained stop points. The experimental simulations compare solution algorithms between the method proposed in the paper and other related methods with the Qi-Ferry method for finding out the shortest tour, and then the results show that the method proposed in the paper has the advantage of having a smaller tour cost.
Chromosomal Characterization of Armored Catfish Harttia longipinna (Siluriformes, Loricariidae): First Report of B Chromosomes in the Genus

The B chromosomes are accessory elements that are widely distributed among eukaryotic genomes and often show non-Mendelian inheritance. They are considered dispensable for the growth, development, and reproduction of organisms. Some studies have suggested that these elements may affect sex determination. Harttia is a small armored catfish genus that shows sexual dimorphism, including hypertrophied odontodes on the pectoral fin spines and along the margins of the snout in mature males. They exhibit considerable karyotypic diversity with diploid number (2n) variation and heteromorphic sex system in H. carvalhoi. To date, no occurrences of B chromosomes in the Harttia genus were detected and no relation to sexual differentiation in Neotropical fish has been determined. To determine the validity of this claim, the present paper characterized specimens of Harttia longipinna by classical and molecular cytogenetic methods. The 2n found was 58 (16m + 12sm + 16st + 14a), but of the 50 specimens analyzed (30 male and 20 female), 23 specimens (16 males and seven females) show an intra-individual from 0 to 2 micro B chromosomes. The B chromosomes were completely heterochromatic. The single NORs were shown in the first acrocentric pair with silver staining and 18S rDNA probing. FISH performed with 5S rDNA probe showed a single cistron in the proximal region of the short arm of a small metacentric pair. Thus, the cytogenetic data obtained in this study of H. longipinna highlight the karyotypic diversity found within the genus Harttia, and represent the first description of B chromosomes for this genus.
The concept of coupling blood flow to brain function: Revision required?

A tight coupling exists between brain function and cerebral perfusion in most situations. The Roy and Sherrington hypothesis has been widely accepted to account for the phenomenon: Increased neuronal metabolic activity will give rise to the accumulation of vasoactive catabolites, which decrease vascular resistance and thereby increase blood flow until normal homeostasis is reestablished. However, the hypothesis does not account for the disproportionate increase in flow that occurs in a number of circumstances. There are additional difficulties in reconciling more recent experimental data with the Roy and Sherrington hypothesis. In this review we direct attention toward the rich perivascular nerve supply to all parts of the cerebral circulation as possibly being an alternative control system allowing for rapid parallel changes in flow and neuronal activity.
Development and psychometric evaluation of patient needs assessment in palliative care (PNAP) instrument

Abstract Objective: Although assessment of palliative patients' needs is a key issue in palliative care, a suitable instrument for identification of such needs is not available in Central European countries. Our objectives were to produce an adequate tool for identifying the importance and satisfaction of palliative patients' needs and to verify its psychometric properties. Method: The patient needs assessment in palliative care (PNAP) instrument was constructed based on a literature review and qualitative research (focus groups, n = 5). The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were verified by a cross-sectional study. The convergent validity of the questionnaire was determined by confirmatory factor analysis. Furthermore, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and construct validity were also tested. The qualitative research group comprised 30 participants (27 experts in palliative care, 1 patient, and 2 family members). Psychometric properties were evaluated in a group of 349 hospital inpatients terminally ill with chronic disease or cancer and receiving palliative care. Results: Based on the qualitative data analysis, a questionnaire was constructed that contained 42 items grouped into 5 domains. When testing the psychometric properties of the questionnaire, a new model containing 40 items in 7 domains was produced. Cronbach's α for the entire PNAP questionnaire was 0.89 on the importance scale and 0.80 on the satisfaction scale. Test–retest reliability was higher than 0.7 for all domains in both scales. Significance of Results: The results of tests on the psychometric properties of the PNAP questionnaire showed at least satisfactory validity and reliability, and it can be employed to assess the needs of palliative care patients in Central European countries.
Discrete quark-lepton symmetry need not pose a cosmological domain wall problem.

Quarks and leptons may be related to each other through a spontaneously broken discrete symmetry. Models with acceptable and interesting collider phenomenology have been constructed which incorporate this idea. However, the standard hot big bang model of cosmology is generally considered to eschew spontaneously broken discrete symmetries because they often lead to the formation of unacceptably massive domain walls. We point out that there are a number of plausible quark-lepton-symmetric models which do [ital not] produce cosmologically troublesome domain walls. We also raise what we think are some interesting questions concerning anomalous discrete symmetries.
High‐resolution 1H NMR imaging of regional ischemia in the isolated perfused rabbit heart at 4.7 T

High‐resolution 1H NMR images of the isolated perfused rabbit heart were recorded before and after the induction of regional ischemia while the heart was arrested. On T2‐weighted images the ischemic region appeared darker than the surrounding tissue and a 28% reduction in T2 was measured from the images. Infusion of an NMR contrast agent demonstrated that the hypointense region on the T2‐weighted image was from the ischemic region, which was further confirmed by histological analysis of the heart. It is proposed that the decreased T2 in the ischemic region may be a consequence of changes in water compartmentalization. It is possible that these changes may be used to follow the evolution of tissue injury during ischemia, and therefore provide information regarding the transition between reversible to irreversible injury in the isolated perfused heart. © 1991 Academic Press, Inc.
Modification of tenascin-R expression following unilateral labyrinthectomy in rats indicates its possible role in neural plasticity of the vestibular neural circuit

We have previously found that unilateral labyrinthectomy is accompanied by modification of hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan staining in the lateral vestibular nucleus of rats and the time course of subsequent reorganization of extracellular matrix assembly correlates to the restoration of impaired vestibular function. The tenascin-R has repelling effect on pathfinding during axonal growth/regrowth, and thus inhibits neural circuit repair. By using immunohistochemical method, we studied the modification of tenascin-R expression in the superior, medial, lateral, and descending vestibular nuclei of the rat following unilateral labyrinthectomy. On postoperative day 1, tenascin-R reaction in the perineuronal nets disappeared on the side of labyrinthectomy in the superior, lateral, medial, and rostral part of the descending vestibular nuclei. On survival day 3, the staining intensity of tenascin-R reaction in perineuronal nets recovered on the operated side of the medial vestibular nucleus, whereas it was restored by the time of postoperative day 7 in the superior, lateral and rostral part of the descending vestibular nuclei. The staining intensity of tenascin-R reaction remained unchanged in the caudal part of the descending vestibular nucleus bilaterally. Regional differences in the modification of tenascin-R expression presented here may be associated with different roles of individual vestibular nuclei in the compensatory processes. The decreased expression of the tenascin-R may suggest the extracellular facilitation of plastic modifications in the vestibular neural circuit after lesion of the labyrinthine receptors.
Algorithm for Assessing the Convergence of a Cyclic Voltammetry to Its Limit Cycle

The authors are very grateful to the Generalitat Valenciana (Vali+d postdoctoral grant APOSTD/2018/001), to the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Project CTQ2015-65202-C2-1-R), to the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) and to the European Social Fund, for their economic support.