Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potential Regulatory Interactions of Escherichia coli RraA Protein with DEAD-box Helicases

Background: DEAD-box helicases in bacteria play a key role in cellular RNA metabolism. Results: The trimeric protein RraA binds to Escherichia coli DEAD-box proteins. Conclusion: The mechanism of interaction between RraA and SrmB is shown by x-ray crystallography. Significance: Structural basis of potential regulation of a bacterial DEAD-box helicase. Members of the DEAD-box family of RNA helicases contribute to virtually every aspect of RNA metabolism, in organisms from all domains of life. Many of these helicases are constituents of multicomponent assemblies, and their interactions with partner proteins within the complexes underpin their activities and biological function. In Escherichia coli the DEAD-box helicase RhlB is a component of the multienzyme RNA degradosome assembly, and its interaction with the core ribonuclease RNase E boosts the ATP-dependent activity of the helicase. Earlier studies have identified the regulator of ribonuclease activity A (RraA) as a potential interaction partner of both RNase E and RhlB. We present structural and biochemical evidence showing how RraA can bind to, and modulate the activity of RhlB and another E. coli DEAD-box enzyme, SrmB. Crystallographic structures are presented of RraA in complex with a portion of the natively unstructured C-terminal tail of RhlB at 2.8-Å resolution, and in complex with the C-terminal RecA-like domain of SrmB at 2.9 Å. The models suggest two distinct mechanisms by which RraA might modulate the activity of these and potentially other helicases.
The Retirement Decision in OECD Countries

This paper examines the main determinants of the decision to retire from the labour market in OECD countries, and in particular the role of social security systems in driving down the labour-force participation rate of older people in recent decades. It demonstrates that old-age pension systems in virtually all OECD countries in the mid-1990s made it financially unattractive to work after the age of 55, and the implicit tax on continued work has risen strongly since the 1960s in most countries. Financial disincentives to continued work have been amplified by various de facto early-retirement programmes, including unemployment-related and disability schemes. Pooled cross-country time-series regressions show that increased disincentives to work at older ages have contributed significantly to the drop in labour-force participation rates of older males, but also demonstrate that the deterioration of labourmarket conditions in many countries has played a significant role as well . Cet article examine les principaux determinants de la decision de quitter le marche du travail, dans certains pays de l’OCDE, et en particulier le role des systemes de securite sociale dans la diminution du taux d’activite des personnes âgees dans les dernieres decennies. Il demontre que dans quasiment tous les pays de l’OCDE au milieu des annees 90, les systemes d’assurance-vieillesse ont rendu financierement peu attrayant le fait de travailler apres 55 ans, et que l’impot implicite sur la poursuite de l’activite a fortement cru depuis les annees 60 dans la plupart des pays. Les contre-incitations financieres a la poursuite du travail ont ete amplifies par divers programmes de retraite anticipee, parmi lesquels des systemes lies au chomage et a l’invalidite. Les regressions des series chronologiques transversals regroupees montrent que des contre-incitations accrues a travailler a un âge tardif ont significativement contribue a la baisse du taux d’activite des hommes âges, mais .
Öz-Yeterlik Kaynaklarının Matematik Başarısını Yordama Gücü

The relations between self-efficacy and mathematics achievement were examined in this study. The research was carried out with 350 (51% male and 49% female) 7th grade students who are in different schools in the centre of Konya. Sources of mathematics self-efficacy scale was used to determine the self-efficacy sources of students and end-of-term mathematics grades were used to determine their mathematics achievement. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis were used in the analysis of the data. According to the results, there are high and medium-level significant relations between mathematics self-efficacy sources and mathematics achievement. The order of importance of self-efficacy sources on mathematics achievement is as follows: personal experiences, social persuasions, physiological states and vicarious experiences. Personal experiences, social persuasions and physiological states are significant predictors of mathematics achievement. Vicarious experiences have not a significant effect on mathematics achievement. The variables that predict the mathematics achievement explain nearly 59% of the change in mathematics achievement. Some recommendations were made for practice considering the findings.
Führungspositionen im Ehrenamt – ein weiterer Bereich der Benachteiligung von Frauen?

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag geht mit Hilfe einer Analyse der Daten des Freiwilligensurveys 2009 der Frage nach, ob es im Bereich unbezahlter, ehrenamtlicher Arbeit Hinweise auf eine Benachteiligung von Frauen bei der Besetzung von Führungspositionen gibt. Es zeigt sich, dass Frauen eine deutlich verringerte Wahrscheinlichkeit als Männer aufweisen, in ihrer ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeit Führungspositionen zu übernehmen. Dieser Zusammenhang ist auch dann stabil, wenn (Selbst-)Selektionseffekte sowie eine Reihe zentraler soziodemografischer, sozioökonomischer und engagementspezifischer Faktoren berücksichtigt werden. Eine differenzierte Analyse zeigt zudem eine Benachteiligung von Frauen hinsichtlich der Übernahme ehrenamtlicher Leitungsfunktionen insbesondere für bestimmte Tätigkeitsbereiche oder in bestimmten Organisationsformen. Vor allem Vereine und Kirchen bzw. religiöse Organisationen offenbaren hier deutliche Defizite. Dies sind wichtige Hinweise darauf, dass strukturelle und organisatorische Faktoren eine wesentliche Bedeutung für die Erklärung und mithin auch für eine zukünftige Beseitigung der auch im Bereich des Ehrenamtes vielfach existierenden „Gläsernen Decke“ zukommt.AbstractBased on data of the 2009 German Volunteer Survey (“Freiwilligensurvey”) the paper analyses whether there is evidence for a discrimination of women in filling management positions in the volunteer sector. It turns out that women have a significant lower propensity to take up an unpaid volunteer management position. This correlation is also robust when we control for self-selection bias as well as certain important socio-demographic, socio-economic and volunteer-specific determinants. Further on we can show that this kind of gender-specific discrimination can be found particularly in leisure-time clubs and religious organisations. These results indicate that structural and organisational parameters play an important role to explain gender specific differences in filling volunteer management positions.
Occupational Therapy Students' and Graduates' Satisfaction with Professional Education and Preparedness for Practice

Background. Occupational therapy students' and graduates' perceptions of their professional education have received limited attention. Purpose. This paper presents the perspectives of occupational therapy students and graduates regarding satisfaction with their professional education and preparedness for practice. Methods. Students and graduates provided feedback as part of an occupational therapy educational program evaluation at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. Data were collected through surveys, focus groups, and telephone interviews. Results. Both students and recent graduates reported that they felt they lacked technical, intervention skills. Longer-term graduates were comfortable with their knowledge and skills, especially their ability to provide individualized intervention. Overall, students and graduates were satisfied with their education; however, it appeared to take between six months and two years of clinical practice for therapists to feel clinically competent. Implications. The results of this evaluation may have important implications for educational programs, students, graduates, fieldwork supervisors, and employers.
Timing of Thyroid Hormone Action in the Developing Brain: Clinical Observations and Experimental Findings

The original concept of the critical period of thyroid hormone (TH) action on brain development was proposed to identify the postnatal period during which TH supplement must be provided to a child with congenital hypothyroidism to prevent mental retardation. As neuropsychological tools have become more sensitive, it has become apparent that even mild TH insufficiency in humans can produce measurable deficits in very specific neuropsychological functions, and that the specific consequences of TH deficiency depends on the precise developmental timing of the deficiency. Models of maternal hypothyroidism, hypothyroxinaemia and congential hyperthyroidism have provided these insights. If the TH deficiency occurs early in pregnancy, the offspring display problems in visual attention, visual processing (i.e. acuity and strabismus) and gross motor skills. If it occurs later in pregnancy, children are at additional risk of subnormal visual (i.e. contrast sensitivity) and visuospatial skills, as well as slower response speeds and fine motor deficits. Finally, if TH insufficiency occurs after birth, language and memory skills are most predominantly affected. Although the experimental literature lags behind clinical studies in providing a mechanistic explanation for each of these observations, recent studies confirm that the specific action of TH on brain development depends upon developmental timing, and studies informing us about molecular mechanisms of TH action are generating hypotheses concerning possible mechanisms to account for these pleiotropic actions.
Continuities between Motivation Research and Whole Language Philosophy of Instruction

The purpose of this article is to show that motivation research is generally compatible with and supportive of the whole language philosophy of instruction and to provide explicit motivational reasons why whole language practices might be effective. Both motivation research and whole language instruction emphasize the following: providing choice in order to foster perceptions of autonomy, emphasizing the mastery goal of learning in order to improve personal competence rather than the ego goal of doing better than other people, using assessment that encourages a deep personal construction of meaning and learning for understanding, providing students with experiences that will increase their belief that they can succeed, modeling appropriate literacy activities, responding to students' social goals, providing an emotionally supportive atmosphere, and making learning interesting. Whole language classrooms provide settings where motivation researchers can investigate the success of motivation principles, and whole language classrooms might benefit from the motivation technique of goal setting. It would be useful for practitioners if whole language and motivation researchers investigated appropriate levels of teacher control more precisely.
Inside Architecture Evaluation: Analysis and Representation of Optimization Potential

The share of software in embedded systems has been growing permanently in the recent years. Thus, software architecture as well as its evaluation has become an important part of embedded systems design to define, assess, and assure architecture and system quality. Furthermore, design space exploration can be based on architecture evaluation. To achieve an efficient exploration process, architectural decisions need to be well considered. In this paper, analysis of architecture evaluation is performed to uncover dependencies of the quality attributes which are the first class citizens of architecture evaluation. With an explicit representation of such dependencies, valuable changes of an architecture can be calculated. Next to the exploration support, the analysis results help to document architecture knowledge and make architectural decisions explicit and traceable. The development process can now be based on dependable and well documented architectural decisions. Effects of changes become more predictable. Time and costs can be saved by avoiding suboptimal changes.
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology Performance Improvement of Mc-cdma System through Dstbc Site Diversity

Multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) systems receive a great deal of attention due to their great potential in achieving high data rates in wireless communication. Nevertheless, when transmission over fading channel multi-cell interference occurs and this degrades the performance of the system. Site diversity technique is applied to the system to overcome this problem. Due to non orthogonality of spreading codes multi-cell interference is not completely eradicated. In this paper space time block code (STBC) site diversity with multiple input multiple output technique (MIMO) is proposed to improve the performance of MC-CDMA systems and is extended to differential space time block codes (DSTBC). Investigation is done with combining techniques under Rayleigh channel conditions. Simulation results shows that DSTBC outperforms STBC site diversity.
Love Me Tender: new entry in popular music

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate new entry as a process of organizational change against the background of the digital revolution in the music industry.Design/methodology/approach – The study analyzes questionnaire data gathered from 131 companies active in the Dutch music industry that collectively engaged in 215 new entries in the wake of the introduction of new information and communication technologies.Findings – The most salient finding concerns a strong positive relationship between financial performance and having access to the dominant set of institutional gatekeepers, i.e. radio DJs.Originality/value – This investigation prompts rethinking the concept of new entry, highlighting the importance of the institutional context in which it takes place. Beyond entry modes and new entry motivations, special consideration is given to specific resources that grant new entrants access to institutional gatekeepers because they are key predictors of performance upon new entry.
Evaluation of a Subunit H 5 Vaccine and an Inactivated H 5 N 2 Avian InfluenzaMarker Vaccine in Ducks Challenged with Vietnamese H 5 N 1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus

1 School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, 90 South Street Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia 2 Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore, 5 Maxwell Road, Singapore 069110 3 Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital Compound, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 4 Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1, Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604
Emotion, Understanding, and Social Skills among Boys at Risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

There is growing interest in the role of emotional competence in middle school children's adjustment and functioning, yet many populations remain underresearched. Few studies have explored the emotional competence, especially emotion understanding, of children with, or at risk of, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and even fewer have examined the role emotion understanding plays in these children's social skills. Our study investigates a profile of the emotion understanding capacities of Israeli boys at risk of ADHD and evaluates its association with their social skills. One hundred and fifty-two boys (grades 4–6) were each assigned to an at-risk (n = 66) or comparison (n = 86) group based on their scores on an ADHD symptoms questionnaire (Conners Rating System–Revised). The two groups were matched on age, socioeconomic status and class, and school environment. Group comparisons revealed that relative to their non–at-risk counterparts, at-risk boys demonstrated less mature emotion understanding. Finally, our findings indicate that poor emotion understanding plays a more notable role in the social functioning of at-risk than non–at-risk children. This study's contribution to the understanding and school treatment of children with ADHD emotional and social competencies is discussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Significance of Heavy-Ion Beam Irradiation-Induced Avermectin B1a Production by Engineered Streptomyces avermitilis

Heavy-ion irradiation technology has advantages over traditional methods of mutagenesis. Heavy-ion irradiation improves the mutation rate, broadens the mutation spectrum, and shortens the breeding cycle. However, few data are currently available regarding its effect on Streptomyces avermitilis morphology and productivity. In this study, the influence of heavy-ion irradiation on S. avermitilis when cultivated in approximately 10 L stirred-tank bioreactors was investigated. The specific productivity of the avermectin (AVM) B1a-producing mutant S. avermitilis 147-G58 increased notably, from 3885 to 5446 μg/mL, approximately 1.6-fold, compared to the original strain. The mycelial morphology of the mutant fermentation processes was microscopically examined. Additionally, protein and metabolite identification was performed by using SDS-PAGE, 2- and 3-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE and 3DE). The results showed that negative regulation gene deletion of mutants led to metabolic process upregulating expression of protein and improving the productivity of an avermectin B1a. The results showed that the heavy-ion beam irradiation dose that corresponded to optimal production was well over the standard dose, at approximately 80 Gy at 220 AMeV (depending on the strain). This study provides reliable data and a feasible method for increasing AVM productivity in industrial processes.
Investigation of Amino Acids As Herbicides for Control of Orobanche minor Parasitism in Red Clover

Certain amino acids induce inhibitory effects in plant growth due to feedback inhibition of metabolic pathways. The inhibition patterns depend on plant species and the plant developmental stage. Those amino acids with inhibitory action on specific weeds could be utilized as herbicides, however, their use for weed control has not been put into practice. Orobanche minor is a weed that parasitizes red clover. O. minor germination is stimulated by clover root exudates. The subsequent seedling is an obligated parasite that must attach quickly to the clover root to withdraw its nutrients. Early development of O. minor is vulnerable to amino acid inhibition and therefore, a series of in vitro, rhizotron, and field experiments were conducted to investigate the potential of amino acids to inhibit O. minor parasitism. In in vitro experiments it was found that among a collection of 20 protein amino acids, lysine, methionine and tryptophan strongly interfere with O. minor early development. Field research confirmed their inhibitory effect but revealed that methionine was more effective than lysine and tryptophan, and that two successive methionine applications at 308 and 543 growing degree days inhibited O. minor emergence in red clover up to 67%. We investigated additional effects with potential to influence the practical use of amino acids against broomrape weeds, whether the herbicidal effect may be reversible by other amino acids exuded by host plants or may be amplified by inducing host resistance barriers against O. minor penetration. This paper suggests that amino acids may have the potential to be integrated into biorational programs of broomrape management.
Variant of SCN5A Sodium Channel Implicated in Risk of Cardiac Arrhythmia

Every year, ∼450,000 individuals in the United States die suddenly of cardiac arrhythmia. We identified a variant of the cardiac sodium channel gene SCN5A that is associated with arrhythmia in African Americans (P = 0.000028) and linked with arrhythmia risk in an African-American family (P = 0.005). In transfected cells, the variant allele (Y1102) accelerated channel activation, increasing the likelihood of abnormal cardiac repolarization and arrhythmia. About 13.2% of African Americans carry the Y1102 allele. Because Y1102 has a subtle effect on risk, most carriers will never have an arrhythmia. However, Y1102 may be a useful molecular marker for the prediction of arrhythmia susceptibility in the context of additional acquired risk factors such as the use of certain medications.
The Timing of Change Detection and Change Perception in Complex Acoustic Scenes

We investigated how listeners perceive the temporal relationship of a light flash and a complex acoustic signal. The stimulus mimics ubiquitous events in busy scenes which are manifested as a change in the pattern of on-going fluctuation. Detecting pattern emergence inherently requires integration over time; resulting in such events being detected later than when they occurred. How does delayed detection time affect the perception of such events relative to other events in the scene? To model these situations, we use rapid sequences of tone pips with a time-frequency pattern that changes from random to regular (“REG-RAND”) or vice versa (“RAND-REG”). REG-RAND transitions are detected rapidly, but RAND-REG take longer to detect (∼880 ms post nominal transition). Using a Temporal Order Judgment task, we instructed subjects to indicate whether the flash appeared before or after the acoustic transition. The point of subjective simultaneity between the flash and RAND-REG does not occur at the point of detection (∼880 ms post nominal transition) but ∼470 ms closer to the nominal acoustic transition. In a second experiment we halved the tone pip duration. The resulting pattern of performance was qualitatively similar to that in Experiment 1, but scaled by half. Our results indicates that the brain possesses mechanisms that survey the proximal history of an on-going stimulus and automatically adjust perception so as to compensate for prolonged detection time, thus producing more accurate representations of scene dynamics. However, this readjustment is not complete.
Revealing the programming process

One of the most important goals of an introductory programming course is that the students learn a systematic approach to the development of computer programs. Revealing the programming process is an important part of this; however, textbooks do not address the issue -- probably because the textbook medium is static and therefore ill-suited to expose the process of programming. We have found that process recordings in the form of captured narrated programming sessions are a simple, cheap, and efficient way of providing the revelation.We identify seven different elements of the programming process for which process recordings are a valuable communication media in order to enhance the learning process. Student feedback indicates both high learning outcome and superior learning potential compared to traditional classroom teaching.