Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optical studies of the X-ray transient XTE J2123–058 – II. Phase-resolved spectroscopy

We present time-resolved spectroscopy of the soft X-ray transient XTE J2123–058 in outburst. A useful spectral coverage of 3700–6700 A was achieved spanning two orbits of the binary, with single-epoch coverage extending to 9000 A. The optical spectrum approximates a steep blue power law, consistent with emission on the Rayleigh–Jeans tail of a hot blackbody spectrum. The strongest spectral lines are He ii 4686 A and C iii/N iii 4640 A (Bowen blend) in emission. Their relative strengths suggest that XTE J2123–058 was formed in the Galactic plane, not in the halo. Other weak emission lines of He ii and C iv are present, and Balmer lines show a complex structure, blended with He ii. He ii 4686-A profiles show a complex multiple S-wave structure, with the strongest component appearing at low velocities in the lower-left quadrant of a Doppler tomogram. Hα shows transient absorption between phases 0.35 and 0.55. Both of these effects appear to be analogous to similar behaviour in SW Sex type cataclysmic variables. We therefore consider whether the spectral line behaviour of XTE J2123–058 can be explained by the same models invoked for those systems.
Aloe-emodin suppresses hypoxia-induced retinal angiogenesis via inhibition of HIF-1α/VEGF pathway

Background: Aloe-emodin (AE) has been reported to possess the antiangiogenic effect on laser induced choroidal neovascularization. AE inhibits the vessel formation in the zebrafish embryos. However, it is still unclear whether AE can alleviate neovascularization. Here, we investigated the inhibitory effect of AE on the hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization and the possible mechanisms. Methods: We established a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion model under chemical induced hypoxia by exposure of 150 µM CoCl2 to the ARPE-19 cells, then treated the cells with different concentrations of AE (0.2, 1.0 and 5.0 µg/mL) or a special hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) inhibitor [3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole, YC-1, 1.0 µg/mL]. The cellular supernatants were collected 48 h later to measure the VEGFA concentrations by human VEGFA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, the mRNA expressions of VEGFA, HIF-1α and prolyl hydroxylase-2 (PHD-2) by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and the protein expressions of HIF-1α and PHD-2 by Western blots. For in vivo study, the rat pups with oxygen-induced retinopathy were treated with Conbercept ophthalmic injection (1.0 mg/kg) or AE (5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg) for five days, then the retinal avascular areas were assessed via visualization of the retinal vasculature with ADPase and hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) stains. Results: AE inhibits the VEGFA secretion of ARPE-19 cells under hypoxia condition, decreases the mRNA expressions of VEGFA and PHD-2 and the protein expressions of VEGFA, HIF-1α and PHD-2 in vitro and prevents hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization in vivo. Conclusions: AE ameliorates retinal neovascularization throuth inhibition of the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway. AE may be developed as a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
Evolutionary tracks of FRII sources through the P-D diagram

This is the second in a series of papers presenting an analytical model for the evolution of FRII radio sources. In this paper we evaluate the expected radio emission from a radio source incorporating energy loss processes for the relativistic electrons. By combining these results with our earlier dynamical model we calculate evolutionary tracks through the Power–Linear size diagram. These tracks are in good agreement with the observed distribution of sources in this diagram. The effects of different forms for the evolution of the magnetic field in the cocoon, the redshift of the source, the environment of the source and the defining parameters of the jet are investigated. The evolutionary tracks are found to be insensitive to the assumed form of the magnetic field evolution. Some evidence against protons as a major constituent of the jet material is also found.
Numerical modeling in wave scattering problem for small particles

A numerical solution to the problem of wave scattering by many small particles is studied under the assumption ka<<1, d>>a, where a is the size of the particles and d is the distance between the neighboring particles. Impedance boundary conditions are assumed on the boundaries of small particles. The results of numerical simulation show good agreement with the theory. They open a way to numerical simulation of the method for creating materials with a desired refraction coefficient.
The complex of ASYMMETRIC LEAVES (AS) proteins plays a central role in antagonistic interactions of genes for leaf polarity specification in Arabidopsis

Leaf primordia are born around meristem‐containing stem cells at shoot apices, grow along three axes (proximal–distal, adaxial–abaxial, medial–lateral), and develop into flat symmetric leaves with adaxial–abaxial polarity. Axis development and polarity specification of Arabidopsis leaves require a network of genes for transcription factor‐like proteins and small RNAs. Here, we summarize present understandings of adaxial‐specific genes, ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 (AS1) and AS2. Their complex (AS1–AS2) functions in the regulation of the proximal–distal leaf length by directly repressing class 1 KNOX homeobox genes (BP, KNAT2) that are expressed in the meristem periphery below leaf primordia. Adaxial–abaxial polarity specification involves antagonistic interaction of adaxial and abaxial genes including AS1 and AS2 for the development of two respective domains. AS1–AS2 directly represses the abaxial gene ETTIN/AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR3 (ETT/ARF3) and indirectly represses ETT/ARF3 and ARF4 through tasiR‐ARF. Modifier mutations have been identified that abolish adaxialization and enhance the defect in the proximal–distal patterning in as1 and as2. AS1–AS2 and its modifiers synergistically repress both ARFs and class 1 KNOXs. Repression of ARFs is critical for establishing adaxial–abaxial polarity. On the other hand, abaxial factors KANADI1 (KAN1) and KAN2 directly repress AS2 expression. These data delineate a molecular framework for antagonistic gene interactions among adaxial factors, AS1, AS2, and their modifiers, and the abaxial factors ARFs as key regulators in the establishment of adaxial–abaxial polarity. Possible AS1–AS2 epigenetic repression and activities downstream of ARFs are discussed. WIREs Dev Biol 2015, 4:655–671. doi: 10.1002/wdev.196
Semantic Labelled Tableaux for Propositional BI

In this paper, we study semantic labelled tableaux for the propositional Bunched Implications logic (BI) that freely combines intuitionistic logic (IL) and multiplicative intuitionistic linear logic (MILL). BI is a resource-aware logic that captures interferences between resources and it is well suited, because of its resource-based sharing interpretation, for reasoning about mutable data structures. We propose a labelled tableau calculus for BI 1 based on particular labels and constraints. We prove the soundness and completeness of this calculus w.r. t. the Kripke resource semantics with emphasis on countermodel construction. In addition, we prove the finite model property and as a consequence the decidability of BI . Moreover, we analyse some algorithmic aspects of the tableau construction by providing a free variable variant of the calculus. We also develop the restrictions to IL andMILL that provide new tableau methods for both logics with generation of countermodels.
Aspect Oriented Software Metrics-An Empirical Study

Aspect Oriented Software Development (AOSD) is an emerging paradigm that provides new mechanisms to support the modularization of concerns, which otherwise would crosscut the OO system decomposition. However, the accurate identification of concerns to be aspectized is far from being trivial and it requires a systematic design assessment and reasoning about multiple modularity principles. The achievement of high-quality aspect-oriented (AO) design is a daunting task. According to literature, the inaccurate modularization of crosscutting concerns with aspects leads to the violation of important design principles, such as low coupling, high cohesion, low module complexity, simple module interfaces etc.,. In this paper we provide a quantitative assessment of the AOSD and provide quality design metrics for evaluation of AOSD.
Two-dimensional finite-difference lattice Boltzmann method for the complete Navier-Stokes equations of binary fluids

Based on Sirovich's two-fluid kinetic theory and on a dodecagonal discrete-velocity model, a two-dimensional 61-velocity finite-difference lattice Boltzmann method for the complete Navier-Stokes equations of binary fluids is formulated. Previous constraints, in most existing lattice Boltzmann methods, on the studied systems, like isothermal and nearly incompressible, are released within the present method. This method is designed to simulate compressible and thermal binary-fluid mixtures. The validity of the proposed method is verified by investigating i) the Couette flow and ii) the uniform relaxation process of the two components.
HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE TRAINING INDUCES MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN SKELETAL MUSCLES

In the present study we investigated the effect of two different exercise protocols on fibre composition and metabolism of two specific muscles of mice: the quadriceps and the gastrocnemius. Mice were run daily on a motorized treadmill, at a velocity corresponding to 60% or 90% of the maximal running velocity. Blood lactate and body weight were measured during exercise training. We found that at the end of training the body weight significantly increased in high-intensity exercise mice compared to the control group (P=0.0268), whereas it decreased in low-intensity exercise mice compared to controls (P=0.30). In contrast, the food intake was greater in both trained mice compared to controls (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001 for low-intensity and high-intensity exercise mice, respectively). These effects were accompanied by a progressive reduction in blood lactate levels at the end of training in both the exercised mice compared with controls (P=0.03 and P < 0.0001 for low-intensity and high-intensity exercise mice, respectively); in particular, blood lactate levels after high-intensity exercise were significantly lower than those measured in low-intensity exercise mice (P=0.0044). Immunoblotting analysis demonstrated that high-intensity exercise training produced a significant increase in the expression of mitochondrial enzymes contained within gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscles. These changes were associated with an increase in the amount of slow fibres in both these muscles of high-intensity exercise mice, as revealed by the counts of slow fibres stained with specific antibodies (P < 0.0001 for the gastrocnemius; P=0.0002 for the quadriceps). Our results demonstrate that high-intensity exercise, in addition to metabolic changes consisting of a decrease in blood lactate and body weight, induces an increase in the mitochondrial enzymes and slow fibres in different skeletal muscles of mice, which indicates an exercise-induced increase in the aerobic metabolism.
Finite element analysis of miniscrew placement in mandibular alveolar bone with varied angulations.

SUMMARY BACKGROUND Titanium miniscrews are increasingly used as orthodontic anchorage. Various factors are known to affect the stability of miniscrew. Placement angle is one of the most controversial issues in this area. Thus, the aim of this finite element study was to evaluate the influence of placement angle and direction of force on the stability of miniscrews. MATERIALS AND METHODS Finite element analysis was performed using miniscrews inserted into 1mm of cortical bone and 10mm of trabecular bone at angles of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 degrees to the alveolar bone. Force of 2 Newton (N) was applied to the heads of the miniscrews in two directions of 0 and 30 degrees. RESULTS The finite element analysis showed that inserting miniscrews at 90 degree angle would provide better anchorage than 30, 60, 120, and 150 degree angles at either direction of force. The least trabecular bone von Mises stress was 5.6MPa at 90 degrees at both directions of force and the least cortical bone stress was 31.2MPa at 90 degrees at both directions of force. CONCLUSIONS Insertion of miniscrews at angles less than or greater than 90 degrees to the alveolar process bone might decrease the anchorage stability of the miniscrew.
Using Stereotypes to Identify Risky Transactions in Internet Auctions

Encountering unknown sellers is very common in online auction sites. In such a scenario, a buyer can not estimate trustworthiness of the unknown seller based on the seller's past behavior. The buyer is thus exposed to the risks of being cheated. In this paper we describe a stereotypes based mechanism to determine the risk of a potential transaction even if the seller is personally unknown to not only the buyer but also to the rest of the system. Specifically, our approach first identifies discriminating attributes which are capable of distinguishing successful transactions from unsuccessful ones. A buyer can use its own past transactions (with other sellers) to form such stereotypes. Alternatively, the community's collective knowledge can also be used to build such stereotypes. When posed to a potential transaction with an unknown seller, buyers can estimate trustworthiness (and thus the risk) by combining the corresponding stereotypes. We report experiments over real auction data collected from Allegro, a leading auction site in Eastern Europe. Data driven simulation results show that by setting suitable thresholds our approach can effectively detect (predict) frauds, i.e., has low false positive, with flagging very few successful transactions, that is, it has very low false negative. We also observe from these experiments that local knowledge derived stereotypes are the most accurate, since it is personalized for individual buyers. However, community knowledge derived stereotypes are particularly useful for inexperienced buyers that dominate online auction sites, though there is slight decrease in accuracy. We leverage such analytics to provide a browser (Firefox) based tool to guide buyers during live auctions.
Semantic Visualization Cockpit: Adaptable Composition of Semantics-Visualization Techniques for Knowledge-Exploration

Semantic-Web and ontology-based information processing systems are established technologies and techniques, in more than only research areas and institutions. Different worldwide projects and enterprise companies identified already the added value of semantic technologies and work on different sub-topics for gathering and conveying knowledge. As the process of gathering and structuring semantic information plays a key role in the most developed applications, the process of transferring and adopting knowledge to and by humans is neglected, although the complex structure of knowledge-design opens many research-questions. The following paper describes a new approach for visualizing semantic information as a composition of different adaptable ontology-visualization techniques. We start with a categorized description of existing ontology visualization techniques and show potential gaps. After that the new approach will be described and its added value to existing systems. A case study within the greatest German program for semantic information processing will show the usage of the system in real scenarios.
Quick-motif: An efficient and scalable framework for exact motif discovery

Discovering motifs in sequence databases has been receiving abundant attentions from both database and data mining communities, where the motif is the most correlated pair of subsequences in a sequence object. Motif discovery is expensive for emerging applications which may have very long sequences (e.g., million observations per sequence) or the queries arrive rapidly (e.g., per 10 seconds). Prior works cannot offer fast correlation computations and prune subsequence pairs at the same time, as these two techniques require different orderings on examining subsequence pairs. In this work, we propose a novel framework named Quick-Motif which adopts a two-level approach to enable batch pruning at the outer level and enable fast correlation calculation at the inner level. We further propose two optimization techniques for the outer and the inner level. In our experimental study, our method is up to 3 orders of magnitude faster than the state-of-the-art methods.
Decentralized ordinal optimization (DOO) for networked systems

This paper proposes a method to implement ordinal optimization in a decentralized way to deal with optimization problems in networked systems. The key idea of DOO is that every sub-system takes samples independently and then cooperates among neighboring sub-systems to find good enough solution. Adaptive learning is also incorporated in DOO to narrow the search space. Numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of DOO.
Do bilingual and monolingual preschoolers acquire false belief understanding similarly? The role of executive functioning and language

Bilingual children often show advanced executive functioning (EF) and false belief (FB) understanding compared to monolinguals. The latter has been attributed to their enhanced inhibitory control EF, although this has only been examined in a single study which did not confirm this hypothesis. The current study examined the relation of EF and language proficiency on FB reasoning in bilingual and monolingual preschoolers to answer two questions: (1) Are there differences in bilinguals’ and monolinguals’ FB, language proficiency, and EF? If so, (2) is there a differential role for language proficiency and EF in predicting FB reasoning in these two groups? Thirty-two Spanish–English bilinguals and 33 English monolinguals (three to five years old) were compared. While monolinguals outperformed bilinguals on language proficiency, after controlling for this, bilinguals outperformed monolinguals on FB reasoning, and marginally on EF. General language ability was related to FB performance in both groups, while short-term memory and inhibitory control predicted FB only for monolinguals.
Optimal design of switched reluctance motors

The fundamental theory of the switched reluctance motor is presented with a number of new equations. It is used to show how the practical development of a design calculation should proceed, and this leads to a discussion of physical characteristics required to achieve satisfactory performance and to reduce acoustic noise. The paper makes a few generic observations on the characteristics of successful products that use switched reluctance motors. It is written at a basic engineering level and makes no attempt to apply sophisticated optimization theory.
n instrumented glove for small primates

The Cymanus is a novel flex sensor glove for measuring hand kinematics in primates. It was used to monitor 9 joints of a rhesus macaque performing a grasping task with 25 objects. Over 6 days, the monkey tolerated the glove and showed no significant impairment in performance. The sensors linearly tracked joint angles, with joint trajectories preserved over days. Angular positions discriminated objects as accurately as electromyograms recorded simultaneously from 24 arm and hand muscles, and were maximally eywords:
Exploring Nuanced Gender Perspectives within the HCI Community

With the increasing spread and pervasiveness of technologies, the role of gender in the design of these technologies is a topic of growing importance. Several conference panels and journal issues have focused on the contributions feminism, gender theory, and queer theory can make to HCI. This paper discusses the key developments in the sub-field of Gender HCI over the past five years. We discuss, in particular, how recent approaches to gender in HCI move past questions of how men and women interact differently with technologies. Scholars are focusing on activist, intersectional, and reflexive approaches to gender and identity in design that focus on inclusion and accountability in terms of who technologies are designed for and in what ways. This scholarship draws on a wide variety of theoretical approaches to gender not integrated or well-known in the general literature or education in HCI or computing. We recommend the implementation of a Gender 101 general education module for all computing students to provide fluency in gender theory as a way to promote discussion, inclusivity, and accountability in interaction design and computing practices and organizations.
A New Maximum Power Point Tracking for Photovoltaic Systems

In this paper a new maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic arrays is proposed. The algorithm detects the maximum power point of the PV. The computed maximum power is used as a reference value (set point) of the control system. ON/OFF power controller with hysteresis band is used to control the operation of a Buck chopper such that the PV module always operates at its maximum power computed from the MPPT algorithm. The major difference between the proposed algorithm and other techniques is that the proposed algorithm is used to control directly the power drawn from the PV. The proposed MPPT has several advantages: simplicity, high convergence speed, and independent on PV array characteristics. The algorithm is tested under various operating conditions. The obtained results have proven that the MPP is tracked even under sudden change of irradiation level. Keywords—Photovoltaic, maximum power point tracking, MPPT.
Covering the Egonet: A Crowdsourcing Approach to Social Circle Discovery on Twitter

Twitter and other social media provide the functionality of manually grouping users into lists. The goal is to enable selective viewing of content and easier information acquisition. However, creating lists manually requires significant time and effort. To mitigate this effort, a number of recent methods attempt to create lists automatically using content and/or network structure, but results are far from perfect. In this work, we study the power of the millions of lists that are already created by other twitter users in order to “crowdsource” the task of list creation. We find that in a large dataset, collected specifically for this study, an optimal matching of existing lists from other twitter users to the ground-truth lists in egonets gives an F1 score of 0.43, while the best existing method achieves only 0.21. We explore the informativeness of features derived from network structure, existing lists, and posted content. We observe that different types of features are informative for different lists, and introduce a simple algorithm for ranking candidate lists. The proposed algorithm outperforms existing methods, but still falls short of the optimal selection of existing lists.
300-GHz InP HBT Oscillators Based on Common-Base Cross-Coupled Topology

Two fundamental-mode oscillators operating around 300 GHz, a fixed-frequency oscillator and a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), have been developed in this work based on a 250-nm InP heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) technology. Both oscillators adopted the common-base configuration for the cross-coupled oscillator core, providing higher oscillation frequency compared to the conventional common-emitter cross-coupled topology. The fabricated fixed-frequency oscillator and the VCO exhibited oscillation frequency of 305.8 GHz and 298.1-316.1 GHz (18-GHz tuning range) at dc power dissipation of 87.4 and 88.1 mW, respectively. The phase noise of the fixed-frequency oscillator was measured to be -116.5 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset. The peak output power of 5.3 dBm (3.8% dc-to-RF efficiency) and 4.7 dBm (3.2% dc-to-RF efficiency) were respectively achieved for the two oscillators, which are the highest reported power for a transistor-based single oscillator beyond 200 GHz.