Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fairness in Employment Testing: Validity Generalization, Minority Issues, and the General Aptitude Test Battery

Declining American competitiveness in world economic markets has renewed interest in employment testing as a way of putting the right workers in the right jobs. A new study of the U.S. Department of Labor's General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB) Referral System sheds light on key questions for America's employers: How well does the GATB predict job success? Are there scientific justifications for adjusting minority test scores? Will increased use of the GATB result in substantial increases in productivity? Fairness in Employment Testing evaluates both the validity generalization techniques used to justify the use of the GATB across the spectrum of U.S. jobs and the policy of adjusting test scores to promote equal opportunity.
The significance of grouping of motor unit activity

Contraction in normal voluntary muscle involves the activity of variable numbers of motor units, which fire at rates below their twitch fusion frequencies in all but the most powerful efforts (Adrian & Bronk, 1929; Smith, 1934; Lindsley, 1935; Gordon & Holbourn, 1949). The smoothness of the contraction is generally believed to be due to the asynchronous nature of the discharge in the various units (Fulton & Liddell, 1925; Gordon & Holbourn, 1948; Reid, 1949). It has been noticed, however, that action potentials in the electromyogram of steadily contracting muscle sometimes appear to be occurring in bursts rather than asynchronously (Athanasiu, 1923; Adrian & Bronk, 1929; Adrian, 1947; Bigland & Lippold, 1954 a, b). The purpose ofthe present work is to examine the causes of this apparent tendency towards synchronization of motor unit activity.
The Amplitude and Inactivation Properties of the Delayed Potassium Currents Are Regulated by Protein Kinase Activity in Hair Cells of the Frog Semicircular Canals

In hair cells dissected from the frog crista ampullaris, the combination of a calcium-dependent (IKCa) and a purely voltage-dependent component (IKV) gives rise to the delayed potassium current complex (IKD). These currents have been recently reported to display slow depolarization-induced inactivation and biphasic inactivation removal by hyperpolarization. The amplitude and inactivation kinetics of both IKCa and IKV are drastically modulated by a previously unrecognized mechanism of protein phosphorylation (sensitive to kinase inhibitors H89 and KT5823), which does not interfere with the transient potassium current (IA) or the calcium current (ICa). IKD amplitude was stable in cells patched with pipettes containing 8 mM ATP or under perforated-patch; under these conditions, a 10 min treatment with 10 µM H89 or 1–10 µM KT5823 reduced IKD amplitude by a mean of 67% at +40 mV. Similarly affected was the isolated IKV component (ICa blocked with Cd2+). Thus, a large potassium conductance can be activated by depolarization, but it is made available to the cell to a variable extent that depends on membrane potential and protein kinase activity. The total gKD ranged 4.6–44.0 nS in control cells, according to the level of steady-state inactivation, and was reduced to 1.4–2.7 nS after protein kinase inhibition. When sinusoidal membrane potential changes in the −70/−10 mV range were applied, to mimic receptor response to hair bundle deflection, IKD proved the main current dynamically activated and the only one regulated by PK: H89 decreased the total outward charge during each cycle by 60%. Phosphorylation appears to control both the amount of IKCa and IKV conductance activated by depolarization and the fraction thereof which can be rescued by removal of inactivation. The balance between the depolarizing transduction current and the repolarizing potassium current, and eventually the transmitter release at the cytoneural junction, are therefore modulated by a phosphorylation-mediated process.
Diagnosis and management of smoldering multiple myeloma: the razor’s edge between clonality and cancer

Abstract Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is a rare plasma cell disorder, and as the disease is asymptomatic, diagnosis is often incidental. SMM is characterized by increased marrow infiltration by clonal plasma cells and/or elevated serum M-protein in the absence of a myeloma-defining event (MDE). In recent years, SMM has gained increased attention owing to a broadening of the criteria for MDE, which include apart from the CRAB criteria, three additional parameters. Survival advantage may be offered by early treatment in the high-risk subset, based on a single trial. In this review, we assess the risk factors and models for progression to multiple myeloma. A review of our diagnostic and management approaches to SMM is presented.
Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printed Indium–Zinc–Oxide Thin-Film Transistors

Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet-printed indium-zinc-oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) were prepared at various annealing temperatures. The EHD jet was achieved by optimizing the process parameters; such as the precursor viscosity, driving voltages, and substrate temperatures. The EHD jet-printed IZO films were characterized using a range of analytical methods. Metal oxide formation was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The EHD jet-printed IZO TFTs showed good electrical properties: a mobility of 4.8 cm2/V·s, a threshold voltage of 8.4 V, an on-to-off current ratio of 107, and a subthreshold slope of 1.2 V/dec at 400 °C. The positive and negative bias stability were also analyzed.
Efficient Intertemporal Allocations with Recursive Utility

In this article, our objective is to determine efficient allocations in economies with multiple agents having recursive utility functions. Our main result is to show that in a multiagent economy, the problem of determining efficient allocations can be characterized in terms of a single value function (that of a social planner), rather than multiple functions (one for each investor), as has been proposed thus far (Duffie, Geoffard and Skiadas (1994)). We then show how the single value function can be identified using the familiar technique of stochastic dynamic programming. We achieve these goals by first extending to a stochastic environment Geoffard's (1996) concept of variational utility and his result that variational utility is equivalent to recursive utility, and then using these results to characterize allocations in a multiagent setting.
Resistance to Neoliberalism in France

While the Right's victory in the 2007 French presidential and legislative elections have further tilted the relationship of forces against those millions of men, women, students and youth who have taken to the streets in recent years against neoliberal reforms, it would be premature to declare the definitive triumph of neoliberalism in France. President Sarkozy faces two major difficulties. The first is the breadth of the resistance to neoliberalism in France, and the eroded political legitimacy of the neoliberal project on a global scale. In the first part of our essay we explore the strengths and weaknesses of resistance to neoliberalism in France--focusing on the cycle of anti-liberal struggles and critical thinking that began with the massive strike and protest movement of late 1995, and the striking resilience of anti-neoliberal resistance since that time. The second difficulty Sarkozy faces is the particular character of his victory. Precisely in order to reckon with the depth of anti-neoliberal feeling in France, Sarkozy's neoliberal fervour often takes a back seat to neoconservative and populist appeals to xenophobic and authoritarian sentiments. Indeed, his victory depended quite heavily on a strategy aimed at obscuring socio-economic questions and capturing the electorate of Jean- Marie Le Pen's neofascist Front National. Though very much a part of the right-wing political establishment going back many years, and tied into the country's most powerful industrial and media interests, Sarkozy has also succeeded in portraying himself as an outsider poised to rescue France from crisis and various real or imagined internal and external threats.
Ostracism

257 the flat rejection of Ath. Pol. 45. 1. That passage is supported by a fairly detailed account of a particular incident, and Rhodes has no equally specific evidence on his side. Indeed, there is little evidence of any sort about the boule in the first half of the fifth century; but I am more reluctant than Rhodes to argue from this silence that the boule in fact did little at that period. It may be safer to admit that we do not really know how much of its development was due to Cleisthenes, how much to Ephialtes, and how much to others in between whose names are unrecorded. University of Glasgow DOUGLAS M. M A C D O W E L L
L'identification du client à l'entreprise : une étude des conséquences relationnelles dans le secteur non marchand

A transdisciplinary literature review enabled us to identify a new construct in the marketing research field, i.e., customer-company identification. It is defined as the process whereby customer's beliefs about a company become self-defining and whereby he defines himself by the same attributes he believes define the other customers of this company. This research aims at developing a measurement scale of the construct and showing its relational consequences, such as knowledge about the company, empathy, relationship investment and attachment.
On the Wisdom of Rewarding A While Hoping for B

We explain the deeper organizational wisdom behind what Steven Kerr called the "folly" of seemingly inconsistent reward structures. Modern organizations-even those Kerr specifically criticizes as "fouled-up"-frequently need to serve two contradictory goals at the same time. Three conditions in particular require sophisticated organizations to reward A while nonetheless hoping for B. First, operative goals-e.g., for a police department-may require practical activities like "social work" that do not conform to the official culture of "crime fighting command bureaucracy. " Attempting to reward only these police activities which support the official goals would harm both the force and the citizens they serve. Second, times of great change-e.g., for environmental clean-up in Eastern Europe-require short-term inconsistencies such as supporting a highly polluting factory in order to accomplish long term ends. At one moment in time, a snapshot exposes a "foolish" inconsistency, but a long-term view reveals the wisdom of not attempting to treat complex problems with simple solutions. Third, some conditions of the real world will always require the individual to serve two masters, as in a classic matrix structure. Product and functional demands cannot be made perfectly consistent with each other, and to expect the organization to make them so is to wish for the impossible. Under the above conditions, it is better to teach individuals how to handle complex, inconsistent demands than it is to hold organizations responsible for eliminating them. While Kerr would work towards an organization in which "no one needs goodness," we would hold our teaching and training systems responsible for making "goodness" and complexity part of the talent an individual brings to the organization. To put complexity and goodness beyond the individual and entirely in the province of the organization is to demand of the organization the impossible, and demean the human beings who are its substance and soul.
Recognition of Chinese character in snapshot translation system

In this paper, we presents a mobile based snapshot translation system, Cyclops. The system takes an image of Chinese text as its input and translates the textual content of the image into either Portuguese or English, or both. The underneath design idea is to provide user a comprehensive user interface in using language translation tool to access the meaning of non-native text. The system has been developed based on different technologies including image processing, Chinese optical character recognition and machine translation. In this article, we focus on describing the character recognition module which uses Peripheral Direction Contributivity (PDC) for representing the features of Chinese character. Most importantly, it has been tailored to run on common use mobile devices which have memory and storage limitations.
Money and Sex, The Illusory Universal Sex Difference: Comment on Kanazawa

Kanazawa tests the hypothesis, derived from Evolutionary Psychology, that men's income enhances their ability to engage in copulation with more partners and at a greater frequency. However, the results presented in Kanazawa's article fail to appropriately test for interaction effects and some of the analyses may suffer from sample-selection bias. I reestimate the equations appearing in Kanazawa's study and find (given the author's original methodological decisions) evidence in support of the evolutionary prediction in only two of the four original analyses. Had the same methodological decisions been consistently applied in the original study, then only one of the four analyses provides very weak evidence in favor of a sex difference in the returns to income. Furthermore, I conduct cross-national analyses with International Social Survey Program data from four other industrialized nations: Australia, Bulgaria, Ireland, and Poland. In only one of the nations (Ireland) and for only two of the four dependent variables is there any compelling evidence that men with higher incomes have more sex partners. Since the term “sex partner” may be ambiguous, I also use data from the National Health and Social Life Survey where detailed questions were asked that may better measure evolutionarily significant forms of copulation. The data are not consistent with the evolutionary psychological theory of sexual behavior.
Individual differences in the impact of odor-induced emotions on consumer behavior

iv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW AND HYPOTHESES 13 Literature review 13 Olfaction 13 Emotions 26 Research framework 31 Hypotheses 33 CHAPTER 3: MATERIALS AND METHODS 40 Overview of studies 40 Experiment 1: Odor-elicited emotions 41 Experiment 2: Emotions-elicited in odor-associated images and olfactory mental imagery . 45 Experiment 3: The “contagion effects” of odors on judgment and decision making 48 Experiment 4: Are emotions enhanced by smell cues in ads? 54 Data analyses 57 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS 59 Experiment 1: Odor-elicited emotions 60 Experiment 2: Emotions-elicited in odor-associated images and olfactory mental imagery . 65 Experiment 3: The “contagion effects” of odors on judgment and decision making 68 Experiment 4: Are emotions enhanced by smell cues in ads? 84 CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION 99
Pervasive Monitoring of Motion and Muscle Activation: Inertial and Mechanomyography Fusion

Muscle activity and human motion are useful parameters to map the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological and movement disorders. In laboratory and clinical environments, electromyography and motion capture systems enable the collection of accurate, high-resolution data on human movement and corresponding muscle activity. However, controlled surroundings limit both the length of time and the breadth of activities that can be measured. Features of movement, critical to understanding patient progress, can change during the course of a day and daily activities may not correlate to the limited motions examined in a laboratory. We introduce a system to measure motion and muscle activity simultaneously over the course of a day in an uncontrolled environment with minimal preparation time and ease of implementation that enables daily usage. Our system combines a bespoke inertial measurement unit (IMU) and mechanomyography sensor, which measures the mechanical signal of muscular activity. The IMU can collect data continuously, and transmit wirelessly, for up to 10 h. We describe the hardware design and validation, and outline the data analysis (including data processing and activity classification algorithms) for the sensing system. Furthermore, we present two pilot studies to demonstrate utility of the system, including activity identification in six able-bodied subjects with an accuracy of 98%, and monitoring motion/muscle changes in a subject with cerebral palsy and of a single leg amputee over extended periods ($\sim$ 5 h). We believe these results provide a foundation for mapping human muscle activity and corresponding motion changes over time, providing a basis for a range of novel rehabilitation therapies.
Upper limit on the prompt muon flux derived from the LVD underground experiment

M.Aglietta, B.Alpat, E.D. Alyea, P.Antonioli, G.Badino, G.Bari, M.Basile, V.S. Berezinsky, F.Bersani, M.Bertaina, R.Bertoni, G.Bonoli, A.Bosco, G.Bruni, G.Cara Romeo, C.Castagnoli, A.Castellina, A.Chiavassa, J.A. Chinellato, L.Cifarelli1,†, F.Cindolo, G.Conforto, A.Contin, V.L. Dadykin, A.De Silva, M.Deutsch, P.Dominici, L.G. Dos Santos, L.Emaldi, R.I. Enikeev, F.L. Fabbri, W.Fulgione, P.Galeotti, C.Ghetti, P.Ghia, P.Giusti, R.Granella, F.Grianti, G.Guidi, E.S. Hafen, P.Haridas, G.Iacobucci, N.Inoue, E.Kemp, F.F. Khalchukov, E.V. Korolkova, P.V. Korchaguin, V.B. Korchaguin, V.A. Kudryavtsev10,‡, K.Lau, M.Luvisetto, G.Maccarone, A.S. Malguin, R.Mantovani, T.Massam, B.Mayes, A.Megna, C.Melagrana, N.Mengotti Silva, C.Morello, J.Moromisato, R.Nania, G.Navarra, L.Panaro, L.Periale, A.Pesci, P.Picchi, L.Pinsky, I.A. Pless, J.Pyrlik, V.G. Ryasny, O.G. Ryazhskaya, O.Saavedra, K.Saitoh, S.Santini, G.Sartorelli, M.Selvi, N.Taborgna, V.P.Talochkin, J.Tang, G.C. Trinchero, S.Tsuji, A.Turtelli, I.Uman, P.Vallania, G. Van Buren , S.Vernetto, F.Vetrano, C.Vigorito, E. von Goeler, L.Votano, T.Wada, R.Weinstein, M.Widgoff, V.F. Yakushev, I.Yamamoto, G.T. Zatsepin, A.Zichichi University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna, Italy Brown University, Providence, USA University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil INFN-LNF, Frascati, Italy INFN-LNGS, Assergi, Italy University of Houston, Houston, USA Indiana University, Bloomington, USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA Northeastern University, Boston, USA Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Okayama University, Okayama, Japan Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Japan University of Perugia and INFN-Perugia, Italy Saitama University, Saitama, Japan Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Ashikaga, Japan Institute of Cosmo-Geophysics, CNR, Torino, University of Torino and
Social Experiences with Peers and High School Graduation: A review of theoretical and empirical research

This article reviews theoretical and empirical work on the relations between child and adolescent peer experiences and high school graduation. First, the different developmental models that guide research in this domain will be explained. Then, descriptions of peer experiences at the group level (peer acceptance/rejection, victimisation, and crowd affiliation) and at the dyadic level (friendship and clique membership) will be presented, together with their relation to graduation and other indicators of school adjustment. Finally, major theoretical issues and recommendations for future research will be discussed. Specifically, the necessity of including all relevant predictors and control variables in empirical studies and of dealing appropriately with time‐related issues will be highlighted. Methodological challenges associated with these recommendations will be explored.
Phase II trial of neoadjuvant temozolomide in resectable melanoma patients.

BACKGROUND We treated melanoma patients with temozolomide (TMZ) in the neoadjuvant setting and collected cryopreserved tumor samples before and after treatment. The primary objective was to determine whether the response proportion was higher than previously reported in widely metastatic patients. A secondary objective was to test the feasibility of obtaining adequate tissue before and after treatment for genetic testing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemotherapy-naive melanoma patients who were candidates for surgical resection were eligible. TMZ was administered orally at 75 mg/m(2)/day for 6 weeks of every 8-week cycle. Cycles were repeated until complete response (CR), progression, or stable disease (SD) for two cycles. RESULTS Of 19 assessable patients, 2 had CRs and 1 had partial response. Four patients had SD; 12 progressed. Tumor O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter was unmethylated in all nine patients analyzed including from the two CR patients. Pretreatment tumor microarray results were obtained in 16 of 19 patients. CONCLUSIONS The response proportion to TMZ in the neoadjuvant setting was 16%, not different than in the metastatic setting. Responses were seen even in tumors with a methylated MGMT promoter. Pretreatment cryopreserved tumor adequate for microarray analysis could be obtained in most, but not all, patients. Post-treatment tumor was unavailable in complete responders.
Regulated complex assembly safeguards the fidelity of Sleeping Beauty transposition

The functional relevance of the inverted repeat structure (IR/DR) in a subgroup of the Tc1/mariner superfamily of transposons has been enigmatic. In contrast to mariner transposition, where a topological filter suppresses single-ended reactions, the IR/DR orchestrates a regulatory mechanism to enforce synapsis of the transposon ends before cleavage by the transposase occurs. This ordered assembly process shepherds primary transposase binding to the inner 12DRs (where cleavage does not occur), followed by capture of the 12DR of the other transposon end. This extra layer of regulation suppresses aberrant, potentially genotoxic recombination activities, and the mobilization of internally deleted copies in the IR/DR subgroup, including Sleeping Beauty (SB). In contrast, internally deleted sequences (MITEs) are preferred substrates of mariner transposition, and this process is associated with the emergence of Hsmar1-derived miRNA genes in the human genome. Translating IR/DR regulation to in vitro evolution yielded an SB transposon version with optimized substrate recognition (pT4). The ends of SB transposons excised by a K248A excision+/integration- transposase variant are processed by hairpin resolution, representing a link between phylogenetically, and mechanistically different recombination reactions, such as V(D)J recombination and transposition. Such variants generated by random mutation might stabilize transposon-host interactions or prepare the transposon for a horizontal transfer.
Mutation Rates and Dominance Levels of Genes Affecting Total Fitness in Two Angiosperm Species

Theories about the evolution of sex and the effects of inbreeding depend on knowledge of the mutation rate and dominance level of deleterious alleles affecting total fitness. In two species of largely self-fertilizing annual plants, minimal estimates of such mutation rates were found to be 0.24 to 0.87 per sporophyte genome per generation, but confidence intervals exceeded 1.0 in each of the four populations. Dominance levels were near zero in one species and intermediate (0.28 to 0.35) in the other. These results suggest that the detrimental effects of inbreeding are a result of new partially recessive mutations rather than overdominance.
The Effect of Feature Composition on the Localization Accuracy of Visual SLAM Systems

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping, SLAM, for mobile robots using a single camera, has attracted several researchers in the recent years. In this paper, we study the effect of feature point geometrical composition on the associated localization errors. The study will help to design an efficient feature management strategy that can reach high accuracy using fewer features. The basic idea is inspired from camera calibration literature which requires calibration target points to have significant perspective effect to derive accurate camera parameters. When the scene have significant perspective effect, it is expected that this will reduce the errors since it implicitly comply with the utilized perspective projection model. Experiments were done to explore the effect of scene features composition on the localization errors using the state of the art visual Mono SLAM algorithm.