Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES FOR THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS

Diabetes, an epidemic, has become a point of concern as far as healthcare crisis are concerned in developing and developed countries. The therapy against type 2 diabetes is aimed to get control over metabolism of glucose with due consideration on safety point also. The target of therapy is to maintain the HbA1c value 8.5%, one should move to second step which includes addition of a second drug with a synergistic action. Out of various available options of OHA, the dose and combination individualization are supposed to be carried out. The condition, if not under control, even after step 2, this is a call for the third step, which incorporates either oral triple therapy or introduction of basal insulin (condition apply that patient is not insulin- resistant).
Time‐Series Plots Integrated in Parallel‐Coordinates Displays

We present a natural extension of two‐dimensional parallel‐coordinates plots for revealing relationships in time‐dependent multi‐attribute data by building on the idea that time can be considered as the third dimension. A time slice through the visualization represents a certain point in time and can be viewed as a regular parallel‐coordinates display. A vertical slice through one of the axes of the parallel‐coordinates display would show a time‐series plot. For a focus‐and‐context Integration of both views, we embed time‐series plots between two adjacent axes of the parallel‐coordinates plot. Both time‐series plots are drawn using a pseudo three‐dimensional perspective with a single vanishing point. An independent parallel‐coordinates panel that connects the two perspectively displayed time‐series plots can move forward and backward in time to reveal changes in the relationship between the time‐dependent attributes. The visualization of time‐series plots in the context of the parallel‐coordinates plot facilitates the exploration of time‐related aspects of the data without the need to switch to a separate display. We provide a consistent set of tools for selecting and contrasting subsets of the data, which are important for various application domains.
Synthesis of One Degree-Of-Freedom 6-Bar Linkages from Three Degree-Of-Freedom Open 4-Bar Chain Using Structural Code Technique

This paper presents a systematic methodology to convert planar 3 degree-of-freedom open 4-bar chain into planar 1 degree-of-freedom 6-bar linkages. This objective is achieved by adding 2RR chains to the original mechanism. Hence, these additional chains mechanically constrain the relative movement of the end-effector to reach a required set of task positions. Graphical enumeration technique is applied for structural synthesis of all possible 6-bar linkages. Structural code technique is introduced as a new method for structural isomorphism. The proposed methodology produces 7 different forms of 6-bar linkages.
The cerebellum on the rise in human emotion

For decennia the cerebellum has largely been excluded from scientific enquiry beyond motor function. However, the intimate afferent and efferent connections to the midbrain and limbic system provide for the neuroanatomical foundation of cerebellar involvement in emotion and emotional disorders. Moreover, an increasing body of empirical evidence indicates that the cerebellum may be involved in emotion regulation. Both functional and structural abnormalities of the cerebellum have been demonstrated in emotional disorders, including depression and schizophrenia. Research shows that the functional repertoire of the cerebellum is broader than previously thought and its involvement in emotion is noteworthy.
Conceptual Multidimensional Models

A variety of multidimensional data models have recently been proposed by both academic and industry communities. but consensus on formalism or even a common terminology has not yet emerged. In this chapter, we first discuss the requirements that an ideal conceptual multidimensional model should fulfill. These requirements are suggested by general information system modeling principles and the specific characteristics of OLAP applications. Building on these requirements, we then present a general conceptual multidimensional data model and show how it can be used to describe the basic aspects of a business application in a way that is easy to understand and independent of the criteria for actual data organization in the various systems. Starting from the characteristics of the model proposed, we summarize the general features that a multidimensional conceptual model should support. We then survey various multidimensional models proposed and relate their characteristics to these general features. Finally, we discuss the main points raised in the chapter and some problems that remain to be solved in this context.
Extensive Sinovenous Thrombosis and Hemorrhagic Infarction During Therapy for T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Abstract Sinovenous thrombosis (SVT) is a well-recognized and serious complication in children treated for acute leukemia. This frequently occurs during or immediately upon completion of induction therapy and is commonly attributed to asparaginase therapy. Headache is the first and most common clinical symptom to occur during the early development of SVT. With advancement of the thrombosis, the clinical symptoms can progress to increased sleepiness, focal neurological deficit, seizures, and altered consciousness. We report the case of a 4-year-old girl who presented after several days of headaches and anorexia, which then progressed to seizures, left-sided weakness, and altered consciousness. She was later found to have a widespread and occlusive SVT with right cerebral hemorrhagic infarction. This case is notable for the extensive nature of the cerebral SVT and the child’s complete clinical recovery from the neurological event. The report discusses the relation of the thrombosis and leukemia and also emphasizes the importance of early recognition and prompt management, while incorporating a collaborative multidisciplinary approach to prevent long-term consequences.
Security configuration management in intrusion detection and prevention systems

This paper aims to study the impact of security enforcement levels on the performance and usability of an enterprise information system. We develop a new analytical model to investigate the relationship between the Intrusion Detection and Prevention System performance and the rules mode selection. In particular, we analyze the IDPS rule-checking process along with its consequent action on the resulting security of the network and on the average service time per event. Simulation was conducted to validate our performance analysis study. The results demonstrate that it is desirable to strike a balance between system security and network performance.
The Road to Popularity: The Dilution of Growing Audience on Twitter

On social media platforms, like Twitter, users are often interested in gaining more influence and popularity by growing their set of followers, aka their audience. Several studies have described the properties of users on Twitter based on static snapshots of their follower network. Other studies have analyzed the general process of link formation. Here, rather than investigating the dynamics of this process itself, we study how the characteristics of the audience and follower links change as the audience of a user grows in size on the road to user's popularity. To begin with, we find that the early followers tend to be more elite users than the late followers, i.e., they are more likely to have verified and expert accounts. Moreover, the early followers are significantly more similar to the person that they follow than the late followers. Namely, they are more likely to share time zone, language, and topics of interests with the followed user. To some extent, these phenomena are related with the growth of Twitter itself, wherein the early followers tend to be the early adopters of Twitter, while the late followers are late adopters. We isolate, however, the effect of the growth of audiences consisting of followers from the growth of Twitter's user base itself. Finally, we measure the engagement of such audiences with the content of the followed user, by measuring the probability that an early or late follower becomes a retweeter.
Moderating Effect of Impression Management On the Relationship of Emotional Intelligence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior

This study has examined the moderating impact of impression management motive on the relationship of emotional intelligence (EI) and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCBs). Data were collected by administering self rated questionnaires to male middle level executives (N = 250) based in motor cycle manufacturing organizations based in northern India. Results as analyzed through moderated regression analysis demonstrated the significant negative impact of impression management motive on the relationship of EI and OCBs. However, EI and impression management had predicted OCBs positively. These findings advance the research on the concepts of EI, impression management and OCBs in the area of organizational psychology.
Bitmap Based Partition in Structural Join of XML

XML numbering scheme was analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of RangePartitionJoin algorithm were analyzed. According to the feature of structural join, Bitmap based partition method was proposed. The determination method of partition boundaries was expounded. The corresponding structural join algorithms——Parent-Child structural join algorithm and Ancestor-Descendant structural join algorithm were presented. In order to test the performance of the algorithms, the experiments were design. The experiment result showed that proposed algorithms are effective
Characteristics of inner‐city children with asthma: The National Cooperative Inner‐City Asthma Study

Asthma morbidity has increased dramatically in the past decade, especially among poor and minority children in the inner cities. The National Cooperative Inner‐City Asthma Study (NCICAS) is a multicenter study designed to determine factors that contribute to asthma morbidity in children in the inner cities. A total of 1,528 children with asthma, ages 4 to 9 years old, were enrolled in a broad‐based epidemiologic investigation of factors which were thought to be related to asthma morbidity. Baseline assessment included morbidity, allergy evaluation, adherence and access to care, home visits, and pulmonary function. Interval assessments were conducted at 3, 6, and 9 months after the baseline evaluations.
Design and characterization of Silicon On Insulator (SOI) based rib waveguides operating at 1550 nm for single mode transmission in integrated nanophotonics

In this paper, the characterization of single mode Silicon On Insulator (SOI) rib waveguides operating at 1550 nm wavelength is presented for three separate cases. The mode profile of the output is observed when two waveguides are joined together with the presence of a taper or a gap. The designed waveguides are analyzed at different geometrical conditions and then the results are used to design a splitter. The results of the splitter design are used to explore the boundary conditions for single mode operation.
A Reinforcement Learning Based Clustering and Cooperative Channel Sensing Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Wireless Sensor Network

Energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency are two main challenges in the realization of Cognitive Radio-Wireless Sensor Network (CR-WSN). Clustering is a well-known technique that could be used to achieve energy efficient communication and to enhance dynamic channel access in cognitive radio through cooperative sensing. While the energy efficiency issue has been well investigated in conventional wireless sensor networks, the latter has not been extensively explored. In this paper, a Reinforcement Learning (RL) based clustering algorithm is proposed to address energy and Primary Users (PUs) detection challenges in CR-WSN. The scheme minimizes network energy consumption, improves channel utilization and enhances PUs detection performance through RL based spectrum-aware clustering and cooperative channel sensing schemes. In the schemes, a cluster member node learns energy and cooperative sensing costs for neighboring clusters through exploration to select optimal cluster, while Cluster head learns channels dynamic behaviors in terms of channel availability, channel sensing energy cost and channel impairment to achieve optimal sensing sequence and optimal set of channels. Simulation results show convergence, learning and adaptability of the RL based algorithms to dynamic environment toward achieving the optimal solutions. Performance comparison of the proposed algorithm with other scheme indicates viability of the RL based scheme over the other bench mark schemes in terms of energy efficiency and PU detection performance.
Radiofrequency Ablation for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Objectives/Hypothesis Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is due to pharyngeal obstructions, which can take place at the level of the soft palate. Temperature‐controlled radiofrequency ablation has been introduced as being capable of reducing soft tissue volume and excessive compliance. The aim of the study was to evaluate prospectively the possible efficacy of temperature‐controlled radiofrequency ablation applied to the soft palate in subjects with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
Application of a hydrogel sealant improves watertight closures of duraplasty onlay grafts in a canine craniotomy model.

OBJECT The authors evaluated whether a polyethylene glycol-based hydrogel sealant system improved dural closures with collagen-based duraplasty onlay grafts. METHODS Dural defects 1.5 cm in diameter were created in 12 canines and repaired with one of two commercially available duraplasty onlay products. In six animals, hydrogel was applied onto the dural onlays, and the other six animals underwent duraplasty only. Before bone flap replacement, watertight closure was assessed. Before the animals were killed, the craniotomy was reopened, adhesions were rated by a neurosurgeon blinded to the treatment groups, and dural integrity was assessed using pressure testing. RESULTS The animals that received the hydrogel sealant in addition to the duraplasty withstood intraoperative Valsalva maneuvers up to 20 cm H2O without cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. The duraplasty-only animals leaked CSF at spontaneous pressures (p = 0.0022). Postoperatively, all six duraplasty-only dogs developed CSF subcutaneous accumulations, compared with only one (16.7%) dog who underwent hydrogel application (p = 0.0152). At the time of harvesting (8 weeks after implantation), duraplasty-only dogs had extensive scarring between the bone flap and the dura mater (median adhesion score 4, range 3-4). The animals receiving hydrogel showed minimal scarring (median adhesion score 0.5, range 0-2). In hydrogel-treated dogs, the mean adhesion score was 82.6% lower than the scores in duraplasty-only animals (p = 0.0043). In animals receiving hydrogel, the mean dural leak pressure was 56.8 +/- 2.5 cm H2O compared with 9.8 +/- 3.8 cm H2O in duraplasty-only dogs (p = 0.0392). Application of the hydrogel was not associated with neurotoxicity, delayed healing, degenerative changes, or increased dura-cortex adhesions. CONCLUSIONS The hydrogel sealant applied to collagen-based dural grafts significantly reduced CSF leakage and functioned as an adhesion barrier. Such technology could be an important tool for cranial surgery.
A Behavioral Economics Approach to Residential Electricity Consumption

Consumer behavior is complex and is difficult to represent in traditional economic theories of decision-making. This paper focuses on the development of an agent-based approach to analyze people’s behavior in consuming electricity using a behavioral economics framework, where the consumer is the main agent of power systems. This approach may bring useful insights for distribution companies and regulatory agencies, helping to shift thinking to a more user-centric approach. The emergent properties of electricity consumption are modeled by the means of consumer’s heuristics, taking into account the electricity price, consumer’s satisfaction level, willingness to invest in new technologies, social interactions, and marketing strategies by the power utility. Analysis on the emergent behavior of this approach through simulation studies showed that it is indeed valuable, as does not require in-depth data of all details on human behavior. However, it contributes to the understanding of relations among various objects involved in electricity consumption.
Polymorphisms in Nucleotide Excision Repair Genes, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-DNA Adducts, and Breast Cancer Risk

Genes involved in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, which removes bulky DNA adducts, are potential low-penetrance cancer susceptibility genes. We recently reported an association between detectable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts and breast cancer risk. Using a population-based breast cancer case-control study on Long Island, New York, we examined whether polymorphisms in NER genes modified the association between PAH-DNA adducts and breast cancer risk. We examined polymorphisms in ERCC1 (3′-untranslated region 8092C/A), XPA (5′-untranslated region −4G/A), XPD (Asp312Asn in exon 10), XPF (Arg415Gln in exon 8), and XPG (Asp1104His in exon 15) in 1,053 breast cancer cases and 1,102 population-based controls. The presence of at least one variant allele in XPD was associated with a 25% increase in the odds ratio [OR, 1.25; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.04-1.50] for breast cancer. The increase associated with homozygosity of the variant alleles for XPD and ERCC1 was stronger among those with detectable PAH-DNA adduct levels (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.22-2.76 and OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.14-3.25 for detectable versus nondetectable adducts and homozygous wild-type genotype for XPD and ERCC1, respectively). We found no association between XPA, XPF, and XPG genotypes, PAH-DNA adducts, and breast cancer risk. When we combined genotypes for these NER pathway genes, there was a significant trend for increasing breast cancer risk with increasing number of putative high-risk alleles. Overall, this study suggests that the risk of breast cancer may be elevated among women with polymorphisms in NER pathway genes and detectable PAH-DNA adducts. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(10):2033–41)
Testalgia Associated With Rubella Infection

&NA; Investigation of an outbreak of rubella on a college campus provided an opportunity to study the occurrence of orchids, or testalgia, in male adolescents and young adults. Of 68 subjects with rubella infection, five reported pain without swelling in one or both testicles lasting up to three days. Two of them had laboratory-confirmed rubella infection. Since the majority of all currently reported cases of rubella in the United States occur in persons 15 years of age and older, an increased awareness of rubella as a possible cause of testicular pain, and perhaps of orchitis, in postpubertal boys and men may result in further characterization of this symptom.
Effects of intrathecal morphine, baclofen, clonidine and R‐PIA on the acute allodynia‐like behaviours after spinal cord ischaemia in rats

The present study assessed the efficacy and potency of intrathecal (i.t.) administration of the opiate morphine, the γ‐aminobutyric acid‐B (GABAB) receptor agonist baclofen, the α2‐adrenoceptor agonist clonidine and the adenosine A1‐receptor agonist R‐phenylisopropyl‐adenosine (R‐PIA) on the acute allodynia‐like behaviour after photochemically induced spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Rats displaying allodynia‐like behaviours to brushing, von Frey hairs and cold stimulation 1–2 days after photochemically induced SCI were studied. In a cumulative dose regime, morphine (0.1–10 μ g), baclofen (0.1–1 μ g), clonidine (0.1–10 μ g) and R‐PIA (0.01–10 nmol) were administered i.t. through an implanted catheter at the lumbar spinal cord. All tested drugs dose‐dependently reduced the brushing, von Frey hairs and cold stimulation‐induced allodynia‐like behaviour. No increase in adverse effects such as motor deficits was found for morphine, clonidine and R‐PIA. There was a slight increase in motor impairments at the highest dose of baclofen. For the mechanical allodynia, morphine appeared to be most effective, whereas baclofen, clonidine and R‐PIA only provided a partial alleviation. For the cold allodynia, morphine and baclofen were more effective than clonidine and R‐PIA. In relieving acute mechanical and cold allodynia‐like behaviours in rats 1–2 days after SCI, i.t. morphine and baclofen were superior to clonidine and R‐PIA.
Testing efficacy of distance and tree-based methods for DNA barcoding of grasses (Poaceae tribe Poeae) in Australia

In Australia, Poaceae tribe Poeae are represented by 19 genera and 99 species, including economically and environmentally important native and introduced pasture grasses [e.g. Poa (Tussock-grasses) and Lolium (Ryegrasses)]. We used this tribe, which are well characterised in regards to morphological diversity and evolutionary relationships, to test the efficacy of DNA barcoding methods. A reference library was generated that included 93.9% of species in Australia (408 individuals, x¯ = 3.7 individuals per species). Molecular data were generated for official plant barcoding markers (rbcL, matK) and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. We investigated accuracy of specimen identifications using distance- (nearest neighbour, best-close match, and threshold identification) and tree-based (maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference) methods and applied species discovery methods (automatic barcode gap discovery, Poisson tree processes) based on molecular data to assess congruence with recognised species. Across all methods, success rate for specimen identification of genera was high (87.5–99.5%) and of species was low (25.6–44.6%). Distance- and tree-based methods were equally ineffective in providing accurate identifications for specimens to species rank (26.1–44.6% and 25.6–31.3%, respectively). The ITS marker achieved the highest success rate for specimen identification at both generic and species ranks across the majority of methods. For distance-based analyses the best-close match method provided the greatest accuracy for identification of individuals with a high percentage of “correct” (97.6%) and a low percentage of “incorrect” (0.3%) generic identifications, based on the ITS marker. For tribe Poeae, and likely for other grass lineages, sequence data in the standard DNA barcode markers are not variable enough for accurate identification of specimens to species rank. For recently diverged grass species similar challenges are encountered in the application of genetic and morphological data to species delimitations, with taxonomic signal limited by extensive infra-specific variation and shared polymorphisms among species in both data types.
An Efficient Spectrum-Sensing Method Based on Analog-to-Information Converter

Spectrum sensing for detecting channel occupancy is one of the key issues in cognitive radio networks. This paper investigates a power spectrum sensing method that uses an analog-to-information converter (AIC). In the literature, power spectrum reconstruction must be conducted before performing spectrum sensing. In this work, a new approach for AIC-based power spectrum sensing is developed, which is capable of directly estimating the average power in each channel from the samples produced by AIC. In addition, we demonstrate that the proposed method requires less computational operations because the reconstruction of power spectrum is not required. Furthermore, the simulation results illustrate that the proposed approach has improved performance in not only the MSE of average power estimation, but also in the detection probability.