Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of gamma/delta T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with active tuberculosis. A comparison with normal subjects and patients with sarcoidosis.

Studies in experimental animals have suggested that gamma/delta T-cells play an important role in the immune response against mycobacteria, but evidence for the participation of these cells in the course of human tuberculosis remains fragmentary. We have evaluated the number and state of activation of gamma/delta T-cells in the peripheral blood of patients with active tuberculosis using two-color cytofluorometry, and we have sought evidence that these cells might play a role in the impaired responses to recall antigens seen in some patients by comparing the proliferation of blood T-lymphocytes before and after removing gamma/delta T-cells by panning. Results were compared with those obtained for cells from normal subjects and from patients with sarcoidosis. The proportion and absolute number of circulating CD3+ gamma/delta T-cells were not significantly different comparing blood from patients with tuberculosis and that from control subjects [54.6 +/- 39.9 (n = 17) and 59.1 +/- 30.2 cells/microliters (n = 10), respectively, p > 0.2], and the proportion of cells expressing receptors using the V delta 1 variable region remained unchanged in patients with tuberculosis. Few gamma/delta T-cells from patients with tuberculosis expressed surface antigens associated with activation (IL-2R, < 1%; HLA-DR, 2.6 +/- 3.4%). Four of 15 patients with sarcoidosis had a proportion of gamma/delta T-cells that was outside the range observed in normal subjects, but the absolute number of CD3+ gamma/delta T-lymphocytes was not different comparing the two groups (p > 0.2). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Path-Dependent Behavior with Asymmetric Information about Traders' Types

We define path-dependency as the generic phenomenon according to which agents take an action regardless of their private information. Path-dependency can be of two types contingent on whether agents act with the crowd (herding) or against the crowd (contrarianism). We consider a quote-driven market where traders can in some cases observe whether their predecessors were informed, although they cannot observe their private information, while in other cases they are left with the uncertainty that their predecessors acted purely for liquidity motives. In this setting we recover herding and contrarianism and we find that better-informed markets (i.e. where informed traders receive high precision signals) can generate path-dependent behavior more easily than poorly informed ones. Moreover, we illustrate how a market dominated by herding features a price that is more informative of the asset value than the price of a market where traders always follow their signal. We also discuss how contrarianism has the exact opposite effect by decreasing price informativeness.
Data locality aware partitioning schemes for large-scale data stores

Key-value stores are widely recognized as scalable systems with good performance, and are the backbone of several large-scale storage deployments. However, their interface is rather restrictive since it only allows to access objects through their keys. To address this problem, recently proposed systems have developed mechanisms for storing data by mapping it into multiple dimensions, in order to allow searching for objects using their secondary attributes. These solutions, however, pose another serious problem: that of configuring the system such that it may take the best advantage of these multi-dimensional mappings. This work makes two main contributions on configuring such multi-dimensional key-value stores: First, from a detailed description of the inner workings of how operations are mapped to multiple dimensions, we derive a model which describes the behaviour of operations in these systems. We then use this model to predict real throughputs of the system for complex workloads. We also contribute with a generic architecture which allows to automatically adapt the configuration of the multiple dimensions in order to obtain the maximum possible throughput for a given workload.
Basic fibroblast growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor in the serum from severe burn patients stimulates the proliferation of cultured human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells via activation of Notch signaling pathways

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the leading cellular constituents used in regenerative medicine. MSCs repair and reconstruct wounds of acute traumata and radiation-induced burns through proliferation, differentiation, and trophic activity. However, repair effect of MSCs on severe burn wounds remain to be clarified because severe burns are much more complex traumata than radiation-induced burns. Survival and proliferation of MSCs in microenvironments affected by severe burns are very important for improving wound repair/regeneration. This study aimed to elucidate the survival and proliferation effects and the potential proliferation mechanism of serum from severe burn patients (BPS) on human umbilical cord MSCs (hUCMSCs) in vitro. METHODS The hUCMSCs were isolated, cultured, and identified. Next, we evaluated the effects of BPS on cell numbers, cell cycle progression, cyclin D expression, and key proteins and genes of the Notch signaling pathway. Putative mechanisms underlying the proliferation of hUCMSCs were investigated. RESULTS BPS markedly increased the number of hUCMSCs, and the results of the cell cycle studies indicated that BPS induced cell cycle progression into the M phase. Cyclin D expression was higher with BPS than in the control group. Moreover, Notch-1, a key determinant of hUCMSC activation and proliferation, and its target gene Hes-1 were overexpressed after BPS treatment. Proliferation numbers of hUCMSC, rate of proliferation period (G2/M+S), and the expression of cyclin D, Notch-1, and Hes-1 were markedly decreased by Notch signaling inhibitors (DAPT/GSI). In the case of BPS, basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor were the key factors that promoted hUCMSC proliferation. CONCLUSION This study provides novel evidence for the role of BPS in the survival and rapid proliferation of hUCMSCs and suggests that these cells could be used for cell therapy–based clinical applications for treating severe burns. Furthermore, hUCMSC proliferation was induced by basic fibroblast growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor in BPS through activation of Notch signal.
Interactive Proofs for BQP via Self-Tested Graph States

Using the measurement-based quantum computation model, we construct interactive proofs with non-communicating quantum provers and a classical verifier. Our construction gives interactive proofs for all languages in BQP with a polynomial number of quantum provers, each of which, in the honest case, performs only a single measurement. Our techniques use self-tested graph states. In this regard we introduce two important improvements over previous work. Specifically, we derive new error bounds which scale polynomially with the size of the graph compared with exponential dependence on the size of the graph in previous work. We also extend the self-testing error bounds on measurements to a very general set which includes the adaptive measurements used for measurement-based quantum computation as a special case.
Immigrants' Perceptions of their Native Language: Challenges to Actual Use and Maintenance

This study examined immigrants' perceptions of their native language and factors that enhance or hinder its use and maintenance. Participants (N = 208) included immigrants to the United States. Results showed that immigrants perceive their native language positively, desire that their children use it alongside English, and perceive negative consequences related to speaking the native language. Immigrants use English more often than their native language. There were significant differences based on where children were born and visits to the native country. Reported factors enhancing the use of the native language are speaking the native language, exposure to native media, attending cultural events, interacting with other native speakers, and visits to the native country. Challenges are predominant use of English, fear of being perceived as different, friends and spouse who do not speak the same native language, limited visits to the native country, and lack of access to other native speakers.
Biochemical Analysis of Pentraxin 3 and Fibrinogen Levels in Experimental Periodontitis Model

Objective. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), newly discovered inflammation marker, is a member of acute-phase proteins. The hypothesis, synthesis of gingival tissue and serum PTX-3 increases in the experimental periodontitis model (with 10-day and 40-day periods), was tested by detecting gingival tissue and serum PTX-3 levels in rats with experimental periodontitis. Methods. Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups of ten animals each: ligature-induced experimental periodontitis groups (with 10-day (Group1) and 40-day periods (Group2)) and healthy group (Group3). At the end of experimental period, rats were sacrificed, and radiological and histomorphometric analyses were performed on the mandibles. PTX3 levels were measured in gingival tissue and serum samples using ELISA. Plasma fibrinogen levels were measured according to the nephelometric method. Results. Significant alveolar bone resorption and periodontal inflammation were evident in periodontitis groups. Levels of PTX3 in gingival tissue were statistically higher in Group 1 than those in groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.01). No significant difference was found in serum PTX3 levels between experimental periodontitis and control groups (P > 0.05). Plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly increased in the experimental periodontitis groups (P < 0.001). Conclusion. PTX3 seems to be associated with tissue destruction in earlier periods of inflammatory periodontal disease, contrary to the fibrinogen findings.
The Dimensions of Expatriate Acculturation: A Review

A review of empirical studies that directly investigated the overseas adjustment of expatriate managers revealed four dimensions that were related to successful expatriate acculturation: (1) the “self-oriented” dimension; (2) the “others-oriented” dimension; (3) the “perceptual” dimension; and (4) the “cultural-toughness” dimension. The study's implications for expatriate selection and training procedures in multinational corporations are discussed.
Bilingualism and emotions

While several scholars have examined the influence of emotions on bilingual performance (Anooshian and Hertel 1994; Bond and Lai 1986; Javier and Marcos 1989) and second language learning and use (Arnold 1999; Schumann 1994, 1997, 1999), to date very little is known about ways in which bilinguals talk about emotions in their two languages. The present study investigates discursive construction of emotions in the two languages of Russian-English bilinguals. Previous studies (Pavlenko 2002; Wierzbicka 1992, 1998, 1999) have demonstrated that Russian and English differ in ways in which emotions are conceptualized and framed in discourse. The goal of the present study is to examine ways in which late Russian-English bilinguals, who learned their English post puberty, negotiate these differences in narratives elicited in both languages. It will be argued that in cases where the two speech communities differ in the conceptualization of emotions, the process of second language socialization may result in the conceptual restructuring of emotion categories of adult language learners, as evident in instances of second language influence on first language performance.
Is There a “Gender Affinity Effect” in American Politics?

A common assumption people make about American elections is that women voters will be the most likely source of support for female candidates, a phenomenon referred to as the “gender affinity effect. ” Using National Election Study (NES) data from 1990 to 2000, this project expands our understanding of forms that this affinity effect can take by examining two underutilized measures of reactions to candidates: information and candidate affect scores. The author also considers the impact of political party on women's and men's attitudes toward female candidates and examines whether any gender affinity effect in reactions to female candidates is related to people's voting decisions.
Arrakis: A Case for the End of the Empire

In this paper, we argue that recent device hardware trends enable a new approach to the design of operating systems: instead of the operating system mediating access to hardware, applications run directly on top of virtualized I/O devices, where the kernel provides only control plane services. This new division of labor is transparent to the user, except that applications are able to offer more robust extensibility, security and performance than was previously possible. We discuss some of the hardware and software challenges to realizing this vision.
Coordinate Regulation of Drug Metabolism by Xenobiotic Nuclear Receptors: UGTs Acting Together with CYPs and Glucuronide Transporters

Xenobiotic nuclear receptors (PXR, CAR, and the Ah receptor) coordinately induce genes involved in all phases of xenobiotic metabolism including oxidative metabolism, conjugation, and transport. The comment—dedicated to honor the memory of Herbert Remmer, mentor of the author K. W. B. —discusses mechanistic, functional, and evolutionary aspects of xenobiotic nuclear receptors which induce UGTs together with CYPs and glucuronide transporters in human and rodent liver and intestine. Recent findings on regulation of CYPs, UGTs, and transporters suggest that while nuclear receptor signaling induces different CYPs, regulation may converge on single UGTs and transporters. Functional consequences of co‐regulation are discussed using examples from the metabolism of xeno‐ and endobiotics (drugs, bilirubin, bile salts, steroid hormones, and carcinogens). Animal–plant interactions may have been a major driving force in the evolutionary divergence of CYPs and UGTs in mammals and insects as well as in their regulation by nuclear receptors. In addition, regulation by nuclear receptors was probably shaped by the need for homeostatic control of endobiotic signals in the evolution of multicellular organisms.
Capacity Performance Analysis for Decode-and-Forward OFDM Dual-Hop System

In this paper, we propose an exact analytical technique to evaluate the average capacity of a dual-hop OFDM relay system with decode-and-forward protocol in an independent and identical distribution (i.i.d.) Rayleigh fading channel. Four schemes, (no) matching “and” or “or” (no) power allocation, will be considered. First, the probability density function (pdf) for the end-to-end power channel gain for each scheme is described. Then, based on these pdf functions, we will give the expressions of the average capacity. Monte Carlo simulation results will be shown to confirm the analytical results for both the pdf functions and average capacities.
An HMM posterior decoder for sequence feature prediction that includes homology information

MOTIVATION When predicting sequence features like transmembrane topology, signal peptides, coil-coil structures, protein secondary structure or genes, extra support can be gained from homologs. RESULTS We present here a general hidden Markov model (HMM) decoding algorithm that combines probabilities for sequence features of homologs by considering the average of the posterior label probability of each position in a global sequence alignment. The algorithm is an extension of the previously described 'optimal accuracy' decoder, allowing homology information to be used. It was benchmarked using an HMM for transmembrane topology and signal peptide prediction, Phobius. We found that the performance was substantially increased when incorporating information from homologs. AVAILABILITY A prediction server for transmembrane topology and signal peptides that uses the algorithm is available at http://phobius.cgb. ki.se/poly.html. An implementation of the algorithm is available on request from the authors.
Timing Optimization in Sequential Circuit by Exploiting Clock-Gating Logic

Clock gating is a popular technique for reducing power dissipation. In a circuit with clock gating, the clock signal can be shut off without changing the functionality under certain clock-gating conditions. In this article, we observe that the clock-gating conditions and the next-state function of a Flip-Flop (FF) are correlated and can be used for sequential circuit optimization. We also show that the implementation of the next-state function of any FF can be just an inverter if the clock signal is appropriately gated. By exploiting the flexibility between the clock-gating conditions and the next-state function, we propose an iterative optimization algorithm to improve the timing of sequential circuits. We present experimental results of a set of benchmark circuits with a timing improvement of 10.20% on average.
Normobaric hyperoxia--induced improvement in cerebral metabolism and reduction in intracranial pressure in patients with severe head injury: a prospective historical cohort-matched study.

OBJECT The effect of normobaric hyperoxia (fraction of inspired O2 [FIO2] concentration 100%) in the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of normobaric hyperoxia on five cerebral metabolic indices, which have putative prognostic significance following TBI in humans. METHODS At two independent neurointensive care units, the authors performed a prospective study of 52 patients with severe TBI who were treated for 24 hours with 100% FIO2, starting within 6 hours of admission. Data for these patients were compared with data for a cohort of 112 patients who were treated in the past; patients in the historical control group matched the patients in our study according to their Glasgow Coma Scale scores after resuscitation and their intracranial pressure within the first 8 hours after admission. Patients were monitored with the aid of intracerebral microdialysis and tissue O2 probes. Normobaric hyperoxia treatment resulted in a significant improvement in biochemical markers in the brain compared with the baseline measures for patients treated in our study (patients acting as their own controls) and also compared with findings from the historical control group. In the dialysate the glucose levels increased (369.02 +/- 20.1 micromol/L in the control group and 466.9 +/- 20.39 micromol/L in the 100% O2 group, p = 0.001), whereas the glutamate and lactate levels significantly decreased (p < 0.005). There were also reductions in the lactate/glucose and lactate/pyruvate ratios. Intracranial pressure in the treatment group was reduced significantly both during and after hyperoxia treatment compared with the control groups (15.03 +/- 0.8 mm Hg in the control group and 12.13 +/- 0.75 mm Hg in the 100% O2 group, p < 0.005) with no changes in cerebral perfusion pressure. Outcomes of the patients in the treatment group improved. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study support the hypothesis that normobaric hyperoxia in patients with severe TBI improves the indices of brain oxidative metabolism. Based on these data further mechanistic studies and a prospective randomized controlled trial are warranted.
DyHAP: Dynamic Hybrid ANFIS-PSO Approach for Predicting Mobile Malware

To deal with the large number of malicious mobile applications (e.g. mobile malware), a number of malware detection systems have been proposed in the literature. In this paper, we propose a hybrid method to find the optimum parameters that can be used to facilitate mobile malware identification. We also present a multi agent system architecture comprising three system agents (i.e. sniffer, extraction and selection agent) to capture and manage the pcap file for data preparation phase. In our hybrid approach, we combine an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). Evaluations using data captured on a real-world Android device and the MalGenome dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, in comparison to two hybrid optimization methods which are differential evolution (ANFIS-DE) and ant colony optimization (ANFIS-ACO).
Bone Marrow Infusions: Intratibial and Intravenous Routes Compared

The bone marrow as an alternative to the venous route for injections and infusions in man was described by Henning (1940) in Germany and by Torantins (1940) in the U.S.A. In this country the method was recommended by Barford (1943) and by Bailey (1944), and a suitable needle was devised for use in infants by Gimson (1944). Since then a large number of workers have used the method, and it was found that the intrasternal route was suitable for adults, though there was some danger of perforating the sternum, and the intratibial route for infants. Many cases of osteo,myelitis were described as following bone-marrow infusions, and in a review of the literature up to 1945 Quilligan and Turkel (1946) concluded that the bone marrow should be used only as an " emergency " route for parenteral fluids. In this country, however, Ellison (1944) and Gunz and Dean (1945) regarded the method as a satisfactory alternative to the intravenous route, while in the U.S.A. Elston et al. (1947) came to the same conclusion, stating that the incidence of complications is " very low. " Further favourable reports have come from Higgins et al. (1947), Sutton and Kelley (1947), Williams and Lockhart (1948), and Texter and Kaump (1948) in the U.S.A. , Couder (1948) in France, and from Heinild et al. (1947) in Denmark after experience with nearly 1,000 infusions. The reported series of bone-marrow infusions in the literature together with the incidence of osteomyelitis have been compiled in Table I.
U12DB: a database of orthologous U12-type spliceosomal introns

U12-type introns are spliced by the U12-dependent spliceosome and are present in the genomes of many higher eukaryotic lineages including plants, chordates and some invertebrates. However, due to their relatively recent discovery and a systematic bias against recognition of non-canonical splice sites in general, the introns defined by U12-type splice sites are under-represented in genome annotations. Such under-representation compounds the already difficult problem of determining gene structures. It also impedes attempts to study these introns genome-wide or phylum-wide. The resource described here, the U12 Intron Database (U12DB), aims to catalog the U12-type introns of completely sequenced eukaryotic genomes in a framework that groups orthologous introns with each other. This will aid further investigations into the evolution and mechanism of U12-dependent splicing as well as assist ongoing genome annotation efforts. Public access to the U12DB is available at .