Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of volcanism, crustal thickness, and large-scale faulting on the He isotope signatures of geothermal systems in Chile

The Chilean cordillera provides a unique geologic setting to evaluate the influence of volcanism, crustal thickness, and large scale faulting on fluid geochemistry in geothermal systems. In the Central Volcanic Zone (CVZ) of the Andes in the northern part of Chile, the continental crust is quite thick (5070 km) and old (Mesozoic to Paleozoic), whereas the Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ) in central Chile has thinner (60-40 km) and younger (Cenozoic to Mesozoic) crust. In the SVZ, the Liquine-Ofqui Fault System, a major intra-arc transpressional dextral strike-slip fault system which controls the magmatic activity from 38°S to 47°S, provides the opportunity to evaluate the effects of regional faulting on geothermal fluid chemistry. Measurements of 3 He/ 4 He and 4 He/ 36 Ar ratios in Chilean geothermal water and gas samples have been used to guide exploration efforts. He gas samples were collected from the El Tatio geothermal system in the CVZ and the Tinguirgirica, Chillan, and Tolhuaca geothermal systems in the SVZ. The Rc/Ra values for gas samples collected from hot springs and fumaroles at El Tatio range from 1.39 to 2.44. This range of values supports the model that magmatic fluids in the CVZ mix with crustally derived 4 He, which would be more abundant in the thicker, older silicic crust that is present in northern Chile, resulting in lower 3 He/ 4 He values for this region. Higher 3 He/ 4 He values were observed for most of the thermal features sampled in the SVZ. Gas sampled from a distal chloride hot spring at Tinguiririca yielded an Rc/Ra value of 1.4, and a sample collected from a fumarole at Chillan had a value of 3.21. Three fumaroles and two steamheated bicarbonate hot springs were sampled at the Tolhuaca geothermal system, which is located near the Liquine-Ofqui Fault System. The Tolhuaca samples had He Rc/Ra values ranging from 6.16 to 6.71, suggesting that the geothermal fluids from this system have a significant mantle noble gas component, similar to that observed in fluids from active volcanic arc complexes. These new values agree with previously published results for the
Analyzing Morphology, Metabolomics, and Transcriptomics Offers Invaluable Insights into the Mechanisms of Pigment Accumulation in the Diverse-Colored Labellum Tissues of Alpinia

Alpinia plants are widely cherished for their vibrant and captivating flowers. The unique feature of this genus lies in their labellum, a specialized floral structure resulting from the fusion of two non-fertile staminodes. However, the intricate process of pigment formation, leading to distinct color patterns in the various labellum segments of Alpinia, remains a subject of limited understanding. In this study, labellum tissues of two Alpinia species, A. zerumbet (yellow–orange flowers) and A. oxyphylla (white–purple flowers), were sampled and analyzed through morphological structure observation, metabolite analysis, and transcriptome analyses. We found that hemispherical/spherical epidermal cells and undulate cell population morphology usually display darker flower colors, while flat epidermal cells and cell populations usually exhibit lighter flower colors. Metabolomic analysis identified a high concentration of anthocyanins, particularly peonidin derivatives, in segments with orange and purple pigments. Additionally, segments with yellow pigments showed significant accumulations of flavones, flavanols, flavanones, and xanthophylls. Furthermore, our investigation into gene expression levels through qRT-PCR revealed notable differences in several genes that participated in anthocyanin and carotenoid biosynthesis among the four pigmented segments. Collectively, these findings offer a comprehensive understanding of pigmentation in Alpinia flowers and serve as a valuable resource for guiding future breeding efforts aimed at developing Alpinia varieties with novel flower colors.
Changes in Cardiovascular Disease Burden in China after Release of the 2011 Chinese Guidelines for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Bayesian Causal Impact Analysis

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of the 2011 Chinese Society of Cardiology guidelines (2011 CSC guidelines) on the overall and subtype specific cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden in China. Methods: We conducted a Bayesian causal impact analysis to investigate changes in the burden of CVD overall and 13 subcategories, before and after release of the 2011 CSC guidelines, by using publicly available data during 1990–2019. Results: The 2011 CSC guidelines were associated with moderate declines in CVD mortality (5.7%; equivalent to 161 per 100,000) and DALYs (2.9%; 1429 per 100,000), but small increases in incidence and prevalence, with an approximately 1-year lagged effect. Similar impact patterns were observed for ischemic stroke, cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, and aortic aneurysm. Release of the 2011 CSC guidelines increased intracerebral hemorrhage incidence, but sharply decreased rheumatic, ischemic, and non-rheumatic valvular heart disease mortality and DALY rates. The burden of other CVD subcategories was unchanged. Health worker numbers, population size, disposable income, hospital admission rates, and crude death rates were critical contributors to CVD burden beyond the 2011 CSC guidelines. Conclusion: The 2011 CSC guidelines decreased the burden of CVD and several subcategories. However, efforts to enhance health promotion and strengthen healthcare remain urgently needed in China.
LR-Seg: A Ground Segmentation Method for Low-Resolution LiDAR Point Clouds

In outdoor environments, ground segmentation is an important pre-processing task for the local environment perception of autonomous vehicle platforms and is the basis for obstacle detection, classification, and path planning. However, existing ground segmentation algorithms primarily focus on dense point cloud data and often struggle to achieve satisfactory accuracy when applied to sparse point cloud data. In light of this challenge, we propose a novel ground segmentation method, LR-Seg, specifically tailored for sparse point cloud data. Our method aims to address the limitations observed in previous approaches and provide improved performance, particularly on sparse point cloud data. To achieve faster processing speed, the method first divides the original point cloud into sub-regions of different sizes based on the distribution characteristics of the sparse point cloud data in the XOY plane. Then, the point clouds are appropriately assigned, and most of the non-ground points in each sub-region are removed using the PCA plane fitting method. Finally, the point cloud geometric feature information within each sub-region is used to reduce over-segmentation. The experimental results show that our method can perform ground segmentation quickly on flat and slope road sections, and the average F1 score can be maintained above 90% with an average time of 3 ms, which is suitable for various road environments.
Volume of the thalamus and hypothalamus in the Ts1Rhr and Ms1Rhr mouse models relevant to Down syndrome

A variety of mouse models for Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) have been created to test hypotheses about the correlation of phenotypes to gene content and copy number. Ts1Rhr mice are trisomic for a region on mouse chromosome 16 that is homologous to 5.3 Mb of human chromosome 21. Ms1Rhr mice are monosomic for this region. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has revealed characteristic volumetric changes in the brains of humans with Down syndrome such as reductions in the cerebellum, hippocampus, and brain stem, and increases in the ventricles and thalamus. We used MRI with region of interest analysis to measure the volume of the thalamus and hypothalamus in Ts1Rhr, Ms1Rhr, and euploid control mice (n = 10-11 per group). Ts1Rhr mice had a 6.6% reduction and Ms1Rhr mice had an 8.2% reduction in the volume of the thalamus. Ts1Rhr and Ms1Rhr hypothalamic volumes were equivalent to controls. Conflicting data in mouse models show a lack of clarity on causative roles of regions homologous to human chromosome 21 in phenotypes related to the thalamus and hypothalamus in Down syndrome.
Reducing Stress and Anxiety in First-Year Undergraduates Through Biofeedback-Assisted Relaxation Training

Background: College students face many stressors daily, often resulting in psychological challenges such as heightened anxiety and depression. Biofeedback is becoming aware of and learning to modify the body’s physiological functions. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of biofeedback relaxation training in mitigating stress and anxiety levels among medical undergraduates. Methods: This pretest-posttest control group design study was conducted following the ethics committee’s approval. The study selected first-year MBBS students based on their elevated stress and anxiety scores and divided them into intervention and control groups. The study involved subjecting the intervention group to 10 sessions of biofeedback relaxation training, while the control group was not given any treatment. Stress and anxiety levels were assessed before and after the intervention of 10 to 12 weeks using the Perceived Stress Scale-14 and Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale. Results: The study involved 93 students, with 47 of them in the intervention group and the remaining 46 in the control group. After biofeedback, the intervention group showed significantly lower stress and anxiety scores than the control group. Conclusion: Biofeedback training effectively reduced stress and anxiety levels among undergraduate medical students. Biofeedback techniques can be implemented in college settings to support student mental wellness.
The History and Faults of the Body Mass Index and Where to Look Next: A Literature Review

Body mass index (BMI) is an anthropometric index that is commonly used in the medical setting and is a factor in assessing various disease risks but its origins are unknown by many. More importantly, BMI does not properly assess body fat percentage and muscle mass or distinguish abdominal fat from gluteofemoral fat, which is important to note because abdominal fat is associated with insulin resistance, metabolic disease, and cardiovascular complications. Using a less accurate index to assess the relationship between weight and disease risk is conceptually invalid because the use of BMI ultimately trickles into patient treatment, preventive medicine, and overall health outcomes. Several different anthropometric indices that more accurately assess abdominal adiposity through the incorporation of waist circumference exist and have been extensively studied, such as waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, and a body shape index. It is important that we consider replacing BMI’s usage in the healthcare setting with a different anthropometric index: one that considers height, sex, and race differences, accounts for abdominal adiposity, and more accurately predicts the relationship between obesity, mortality, and diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, insulin resistance, and diabetes.
시설 입지 결정에 GIS(Geographic Information System)의 적용 방법에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to show the possibility of application of GIS in location-decision. This study is composed of two parts : one is theoretical part with a analysis of main funtions of GIS, a flow of locaiton-decision and the possible part of GIS-application in locaiton-decision, another is a empirical part with a example in IDRISI, that is a program of many GIS-softwares. It shows a choice of suitable location for a factory with four conditions and for a interchange and route to this factory. The main results are as follows. The location-criteria, that is one of main functions of G IS. Therefore, G IS is adapted for a decision -location and it renders a fast and exact decision to the planner. Complementary, GIS-application is very effective not only in location-decision but also in other urban planning, that treats various data, informations and factors in areas(cities, region…). A continuous and consitent management of database and system between planning units, that is necessary for better applications of GIS.
Review of Lead Phase Out for Air Quality Improvement in the Third World Cities Lessons from Thailand and Indonesia

Due to the rapid economic growth, and increase of motor vehicle ownerships in Asian countries, people are suffering from serious air pollution problems, especially in large cities. There has been a worldwide movement to eliminate lead from gasoline since the 1970s. In accordance with lead elimination from gasoline, the concentration of lead in air and its health impact have also decreased. This paper is an attempt to discuss about environmental measures in Thailand and Indonesia. From a point of view on environmental measures, the case studies show different problem and process of lead phase out policy because of different socio-economic backgrounds, the initial conditions of the oil industries and government capacity. Behinds environmental measures, the case studies indicate that the most important change driver is strong leadership to achieve consensus among different stakeholders.
The Modal Evolution of the Southern Oscillation

Abstract The implementation of a progressive Fourier transform, applied to time series representative of the El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), provides a visual review of the frequency modes that have dominated throughout the available time series record. The modal evolution maps, constructed from the progressive Fourier transform, demonstrate that the ENSO is largely composed of a discrete number of low-frequency modes and that these dominant modes demonstrate a localized influence, in a temporal sense, persisting for periods of years before showing deviations in characteristic frequency. In support of other research, significant energy is maintained in the quasi-biennial and quasi-quadrennial period modes throughout the length of available Southern Oscillation index (SOI) record. Evident through the most recent record of both the SOI and Nino region sea surface temperature (SST) time series is the emergence of energy in the quasi-decadal period modes. The presence of a quasi-decadal mode has also bee.
Atropine does not prevent hypoxemia and bradycardia in tracheal intubation in the pediatric emergency department: observational study

ABSTRACT Objective: The benefit of atropine in pediatric tracheal intubation is not well established. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of atropine on the incidence of hypoxemia and bradycardia during tracheal intubations in the pediatric emergency department. Methods: This is a single-center observational study in a tertiary pediatric emergency department. Data were collected on all tracheal intubations in patients from 31 days to incomplete 20 years old, performed between January 2016 and September 2020. Procedures were divided into two groups according to the use or not of atropine as a premedication during intubation. Records with missing data, patients with cardiorespiratory arrest, cyanotic congenital heart diseases, and those with chronic lung diseases with baseline hypoxemia were excluded. The primary outcome was hypoxemia (peripheral oxygen saturation ≤88%), while the secondary outcomes were bradycardia (decrease in heart rate >20% between the maximum and minimum values) and critical bradycardia (heart rate <60 bpm) during intubation procedure. Results: A total of 151 tracheal intubations were identified during the study period, of which 126 were eligible. Of those, 77% had complex, chronic underlying diseases. Atropine was administered to 43 (34.1%) patients and was associated with greater odds of hypoxemia in univariable analysis (OR: 2.62; 95%CI 1.15–6.16; p=0.027) but not in multivariable analysis (OR: 2.07; 95%CI 0.42–10.32; p=0.37). Critical bradycardia occurred in only three patients, being two in the atropine group (p=0.26). Bradycardia was analyzed in only 42 procedures. Atropine use was associated with higher odds of bradycardia in multivariable analysis (OR: 11.00; 95%CI 1.3–92.8; p=0.028). Conclusions: Atropine as a premedication in tracheal intubation did not prevent the occurrence of hypoxemia or bradycardia during intubation procedures in pediatric emergency.
Development of multilayer PVA-MMT and PVA-CS film structures by spin coating-assisted layer-by-layer technique: Effect of PVA, CS and MMT nanoclay orientation on oxygen barrier properties

The orientation of biopolymer macromolecules and nanoclay, specifically Montmorillonite (MMT) nanoplatelets, plays a crucial role in controlling the properties of multi-layer film structures. Understanding the impact of macromolecule and nanoclay platelets’ orientation on barrier properties of packaging films is essential. To investigate the influence of hydrogen bonding in multilayer films structures, two polymers, namely polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS), were selected and laminated nanocomposite films were fabricated using the spin coating-assisted layer-by-layer (Spin-LbL) assembly technique. This technique facilitates the production of highly oriented nanocomposite films, where polymer chains and nanoclay particles align parallel to the film surface. Multi-directional 2-D wide-angle X-ray diffraction (2D-WADX) was successfully used to accurately assess the orientation and distribution of MMT nanoplatelets. Additionally, the films underwent characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The 2D-WADX analysis revealed a parallel alignment of both the PVA chains and MMT clay nanoplatelets parallel to film surface. The XRD results confirmed the formation of intercalated nanolaminate structures, hydrogen-bonding interactions, and adjustments in the crystalline structure of PVA matrix. Through contact angle and oxygen permeability measurements, we observed that all quadri-layer film structures exhibited hydrophobic properties and reduced oxygen permeability compared to neat PVA films. Furthermore, the integration of MMT nanoclay, even at low concentrations, contributed to the development of nanocomposite films with improved oxygen barrier properties. Consequently, the quadri-layer films demonstrate great potential for food packaging applications.
Assessment of interferometric dems from terrasar‐x stripmap and spotlight stereopairs: case study in istanbul

TerraSAR‐X (TSX) has led to a new era for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, offering high‐resolution (1 m) data that was not previously available from space. The TSX X‐band sensor can be operated in three interferometrically compatible imaging modes: Stripmap (SM), high‐resolution Spotlight (HS) and ScanSAR. Due to the low resolution of ScanSAR (16 to 30 m), SM and HS images are preferred for resolution‐based applications. This paper attempts to validate and compare the digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from TSX SM and HS image pairs. Digital surface models (DSMs) were generated by interferometry in a part of Istanbul with a variety of ground types. These DSMs were converted to DEMs by filtering and then compared with a reference DEM produced from aerial photographs. The quality assessment was performed using advanced analyses concerned with accuracy and morphologic detail. The results of both absolute and relative accuracy analyses clearly reveal that the quality of the TSX HS DEM is better than SM and very consistent with the reference model.
STM2457 Inhibits the Invasion and Metastasis of Pancreatic Cancer by Down-Regulating BRAF-Activated Noncoding RNA N6-Methyladenosine Modification

Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor of the digestive system that is highly malignant, difficult to treat, and confers a poor prognosis for patients. BRAF-activated noncoding RNA (BANCR) has been proven to play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. In this study, we focused on BANCR as a potential therapeutic target for human pancreatic cancer. The BANCR level in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells is affected by m6A methylation. Based on this, the aim of our study was to investigate the effect of a highly potent and selective first-in-class catalytic inhibitor of METTL3 (STM2457) on BANCR m6A methylation and its malignant biological behaviors in pancreatic cancer. The relationship between BANCR expression and BANCR m6A modification was detected with RT-qPCR and MeRIP-PCR. The expression of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), the key enzyme involved in m6A methylation, in pancreatic cancer tissues was detected using a Western blot. STM2457 was used in vitro to investigate its resistance to the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. BANCR was overexpressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells, which was associated with poor clinical outcomes and validated in pancreatic cancer cell lines. m6A modification was highly enriched within BANCR and enhanced its expression. Remarkably, STM2457 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells by down-regulating BANCR m6A modifications. This study demonstrates the promise of BANCR as a new diagnostic and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer and reveals the therapeutic effect that STM2457 exerts on pancreatic cancer by down-regulating BANCR m6A modifications.
Petrography and Geochemistry (Trace, Ree and Pge) of Pedda Cherlo Palle Gabbro-Diorite Pluton, Prakasam Igneous Province, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract Prakasam Igneous Province (PIP) is an important geological domain in the Eastern Dharwar Craton (EDC), found in the junction zone between the EDC and Eastern Ghat Mobile Belt (EGMB). The Pedda Cherlo Palle (PCP) gabbros are massive, leucocratic-mesocractic, and show cumulus textures with minerals plagioclase, cpx, and amphiboles. Compositionally, plagioclase is a labradorite-bytownite, cpx is diopside to augite, olivines are hyalosiderites and amphiboles are magnesiohornblendes. PCP gabbros have normal SiO2, high Al2O3, moderate to high TiO2, Na2O and medium Fe2O3, so, classified as subalkaline tholeiitic gabbros. Fractionated rare earth element (REE) patterns, high abundance of large ion lithofile elements (LILE) and transitional metals coupled with light REE (LREE) relative enrichment over heavy REE (HREE) and Nb are characteristics of partial melting of depleted mantle and melts that have undergone fractional crystalisation. These partial melts are enriched in LREE and LILE, due to the addition of slab derived sediment and fluids. PCP gabbros contain low abundance (5.1 to 24.6 ng/g) of platinum group elements (PGE), and show an increase in the order Ir>Os>Pt>Ru»Pd>Rh. We propose that the subduction related intraoceanic island arc might have accreted to the southeastern margin of India to the east of Cuddapah basin in a collisional regime that took place during Ur to Rodinia amalgamations.