Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Culture and Characterization of a Mammary Epithelial Cell Line from Chinese Holstein Dairy Cow

Background The objective of this study was to establish a culture system and elucidate the unique characteristics of a bovine mammary epithelial cell line in vitro. Methodology Mammary tissue from a three year old lactating dairy cow (ca. 100 d relative to parturition) was used as a source of the epithelial cell line, which was cultured in collagen-coated tissue culture dishes. Fibroblasts and epithelial cells successively grew and extended from the culturing mammary tissue at the third day. Pure epithelial cells were obtained by passages culture. Principal Findings The strong positive immunostaining to cytokeratin 18 suggested that the resulting cell line exhibited the specific character of epithelial cells. Epithelial cells cultured in the presence of 10% FBS, supraphysiologic concentrations of insulin, and hydrocortisone maintained a normal diploid chromosome modal number of 2n = 60. Furthermore, they were capable of synthesizing β-casein (CSN2), acetyl-CoA carboxylase-α (ACACA) and butyrophilin (BTN1A1). An important finding was that frozen preservation in a mixture of 90% FBS and 10% DMSO did not influence the growth characteristics, chromosome number, or protein secretion of the isolated epithelial cell line. Conclusions The obtained mammary epithelial cell line had normal morphology, growth characteristics, cytogenetic and secretory characteristics, thus, it might represent an useful tool for studying the function of Chinese Holstein dairy cows mammary epithelial cell (CMECs).
Immune regulation of the L5178Y murine tumor-dormant state. I. In vivo and in vitro effects of prostaglandin E2 and indomethacin on tumor cell growth

Immunization and intraperitoneal challenge of DBA/2 mice with L5178Y lymphoma cells results in the suppression and maintenance of the L5178Y cells in a tumor-dormant state in the peritoneal cavity for many months. Cell-mediated immune responses involving lymphocytes and macrophages are involved in maintenance of the tumor-dormant state. Macrophages that have increased immunosuppressive activity and that produce increased amounts of PGE2 appear in the peritoneal cavity of tumor-dormant mice before the breakdown of the tumor-dormant state and formation of ascitic tumors. We report here that the tumor-dormant state can be terminated with formation of ascitic tumors by treatment of tumor-dormant mice with PGE2. Treatment with indomethacin results in inhibition of tumor cell growth and elimination of all recoverable tumor cells. Cultures of peritoneal cells (PC) from mice harboring L5178Y cells in a tumor-dormant state were used to analyze the PGE2 and indomethacin effects. Tumor cells did not grow out in the high-cell density PC cultures prepared from many tumor-dormant mice, but addition of PGE2 to these cultures resulted in tumor cell growth. The tumor cell growth that did occur in the PC cultures from some tumor-dormant mice was associated with PGE2 production by the associated host cells, and the addition of indomethacin to these cultures inhibited both PGE2 synthesis and tumor cell growth. Removal of plastic-adherent cells from the PC cultures eliminated the restraint on tumor cell growth. These experiments suggest that L5178Y tumor cells are maintained in a tumor- dormant state by host peritoneal cells, which are under PGE2 regulation.
Hyperplasia and Carcinoma in Secretory Endometrium: A Diagnostic Challenge

The diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma in a background of secretory endometrium can be difficult. We attempt to establish the diagnostic criteria to be used in such cases. We examined 80 cases of endometrial hyperplasia, carcinoma, and other conditions with glandular crowding arising in secretory endometrium, analyzed their morphologic features, assessed the volume percentage stroma in each case and performed Ki67 immunostaining on 27 cases. Thirteen cases each of secretory and gestational endometrium served as controls. The mean age of the patients was 45 yr. The non-neoplastic diseases included simple hyperplasia without atypia (56%), endometrial polyps (12.5%), and chronic endometritis with glandular crowding (3%). The proportion of cases with complex hyperplasia without atypia was 10%. Neoplastic diseases included atypical complex hyperplasia (12.5%) and endometrioid carcinoma (6%). The secretory changes were usually less advanced in the hyperplastic glands than in the background endometrium. The morphologic features that best distinguished hyperplasia or carcinoma from secretory endometrium included glandular crowding that stood out from the background; architectural disorder (the long axes of the glands pointing in different directions or parallel to the endometrial surface); dilated, irregularly shaped glands, including budding or branching glands and staghorn-shaped glands; stroma of a polyp; cribriform or confluent glands in cases of carcinoma; nuclear atypia in cases of atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma; and crowded nonsecretory glands. The volume percentage stroma of neoplastic lesions was less than that of non-neoplastic ones (34% vs. 61%, P=0.000001) and that of secretory endometrium (34% vs. 68%, P=0.000038). Non-neoplastic lesions did not have significantly more crowded glands than secretory endometrium (61% vs. 68%, P=0.11). Gestational endometrium had more crowded glands than non-neoplastic lesions (39% vs. 61%, P=0.000004), an approximately equal volume percentage stroma with complex hyperplasia without atypia (39% vs. 43%, P=0.51), and less crowded glands than neoplastic lesions (39% vs. 34%, P=0.03). The Ki67 index of the neoplastic lesions was higher than that of the controls, including secretory and gestational endometria (positive nuclei per 100 epithelial cells, 44.8 vs. 4.6, P=0.0004), of the non-neoplastic lesions (44.8 vs. 5.4, P=0.002) and of complex hyperplasia without atypia (44.8 vs. 9.3, P=0.007). Hyperplasia and carcinoma in secretory endometrium can be diagnosed on the basis of increased glandular crowding, architectural irregularity, nuclear atypia, and increased Ki67 index.
Posting with credibility in Micro-blogging systems using Digital Signatures and Watermarks: A case study on Twitter

Micro-blogs are contemporary broadcasting services for exchanging small elements of content, including video and images. Despite its popularity, micro-blogging is not without issues. So far, various security concerns, such as: privacy and confidentiality of micro-blogging systems have attracted the interest of the scientific community. Nevertheless, in this document we refer to a security issue that is concerned with the posting and circulation of fake messages. With the aim to make micro-blogs a credible source of information, in this work we propose a protocol, as a solution, that can be easily adapted to existing services such as: Twitter and Facebook. With the main keys of the solution being the employment of digital signatures and watermarks, the protocol can serve postings of various types of content. Finally, the solution serves the dual purpose of proofing the fake messages as well as the repudiation of postings.
Global mibility and handover management for heterogeneous network in VANET

Now a days Vehicular Ad hoc Network is an emerging technology. Mobility management is one of the most challenging research issues for Vehicular Ad hoc Network to support variety of intelligent transportation system applications. Vehicular Ad hoc Networks are getting importance for inter-vehicle communication, because they allow the communication among vehicles without any infrastructure, configuration effort, and without the high costs of cellular networks. Besides local data exchange, vehicular applications may be used to accessing Internet services. The access is provided by Internet gateways located on the site of roadside. However, the Internet integration requires a respective mobility support of the vehicular ad hoc network. In this paper we will study about the network mobility approach in vehicular ad hoc network; the model will describe the movement of vehicles from one network to other network. The proposed handover scheme reduces the handover latency, packet loss signaling overhead.
Aspects of Psychosocial Development in Infertile Versus Fertile Men

Background Infertility is one of the most difficult life experiences that a couple might encounter. Infertility as a bio-psycho-social phenomenon, could influence all aspects of life. While paying special attention to the psychological aspects of infertility in couples; many studies have investigated the non-clinical aspects of infertility, however, they rarely have evaluated the psychosocial development of infertile versus fertile men. We aimed to study the effects of infertility on psychosocial development in men. Methods In fact, we designed the study based on “Erikson's theory of psychosocial development”. We focused on the relationship between psychosocial development and some self-conceived indices. For this purpose, we divided the participants volunteers into two groups of cases (80 infertile men) and controls (40 fertile men) and asked them to complete a 112 (questions questionnaire based on “self description”). The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS (version 13) using independent t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and analysis of covariance. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results Data analysis showed significant inter and intra group differences. Infertile and fertile groups showed significant differences in trust, autonomy, generativity and integrity stages (p < 0.05). Infertile intergroup analysis represents us to higher scores in positive than negative stages. Conclusion Infertility as a phenomenon had its own effects on the psychosocial development of infertile men. However, good coping skills are powerful tools to manage these myriad of feelings surrounding infertile men.
Project Title : The Achievement and Validation of Evolution-Oriented Software Systems

Abstract Many recently developed software systems exhibit the characteristics of legacy systems, namely they are difficult to understand, inflexible and costly to modify when requirements change. This document proposes a research project to establish a means of achieving evolution-oriented systems. Evolutionoriented software systems are defined as systems whose initial conception and design is based on the inevitable requirement that they must be adaptable to change over time.
A Comparative Study of Invariant Assertions, Invariant Relations, and Invariant Functions

Invariant assertions play an important role in the analysis and documentation of while loops of imperative programs. Invariant functions and invariant relations are alternative analysis tools that are distinct from invariant assertions but are related to them. In this paper we discuss these three concepts and analyze their relationships. The study of invariant functions and invariant relations is interesting not only because it provides alternative means to analyze loops, but also because it gives us insights into the structure of invariant assertions, and may help us enhance techniques for generating invariant assertions
Impact of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy on Troponin Release During Acute Myocardial Infarction: New Insights From a Comprehensive Translational Study

Background Biomarkers are frequently used to estimate infarct size (IS) as an endpoint in experimental and clinical studies. Here, we prospectively studied the impact of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) on biomarker release in clinical and experimental myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and Results ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients (n=140) were monitored for total creatine kinase (CK) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) over 72 hours postinfarction and were examined by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) at 1 week and 6 months postinfarction. MI was generated in pigs with induced LVH (n=10) and in sham‐operated pigs (n=8), and serial total CK and cTnI measurements were performed and CMR scans conducted at 7 days postinfarction. Regression analysis was used to study the influence of LVH on total CK and cTnI release and IS estimated by CMR (gold standard). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to study the discriminatory capacity of the area under the curve (AUC) of cTnI and total CK in predicting LV dysfunction. Cardiomyocyte cTnI expression was quantified in myocardial sections from LVH and sham‐operated pigs. In both the clinical and experimental studies, LVH was associated with significantly higher peak and AUC of cTnI, but not with differences in total CK. ROC curves showed that the discriminatory capacity of AUC of cTnI to predict LV dysfunction was significantly worse for patients with LVH. LVH did not affect the capacity of total CK to estimate IS or LV dysfunction. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed significantly higher cTnI content in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. Conclusions Peak and AUC of cTnI both significantly overestimate IS in the presence of LVH, owing to the higher troponin content per cardiomyocyte. In the setting of LVH, cTnI release during STEMI poorly predicts postinfarction LV dysfunction. LV mass should be taken into consideration when IS or LV function are estimated by troponin release.
Smart Analysis Oriented Design of Health Statistics Data Model

Research Purpose: design a new data model to effectively analyze publicly opened health statistics data with fixed table structure. Proposed Methods: this paper established a data model based on star model, and used text similarity calculation method to identify the dimensions and correlations of indicators. Results: every table in the yearbook was split as per its properties and by indicator, time, geographic region and dimension, to form a star schema centered on "Yearbook data table", and through text similarity calculation method, the created "indicator table" and "dimension table" were utilized to determine the dimension of an indicator via custom macro program to find out its corresponding upper level indicators. Conclusion: the data model designed can effectively support the intelligent analysis of health statistic data and build foundation for health statistical data analysis systems.
Extraction of Temporal Relation by the Creation of Historical Natural Disaster Archive

In historical science and social science, the influence of natural disaster upon society is a matter of great interest. In recent years, some archives are made through many hands for natural disasters, however it is inefficiency and waste. So, we suppose a computer system to create a historical natural disaster archive. As the target of this analysis, we consider newspaper articles. The news articles are considered to be typical examples that prescribe the temporal relations of affairs for natural disaster. In order to do this analysis, we identify the occurrences in newspaper articles by some index entries, considering the affairs which are specific to natural disasters, and show the temporal relation between natural disasters. We designed and implemented the automatic system of “extraction of the occurrences of natural disaster” and “temporal relation table for natural disaster. ” Keywords—Database, digital library, corpus, historical natural disaster, temporal relation
Noise Tolerance Under Risk Minimization

In this paper, we explore noise-tolerant learning of classifiers. We formulate the problem as follows. We assume that there is an unobservable training set that is noise free. The actual training set given to the learning algorithm is obtained from this ideal data set by corrupting the class label of each example. The probability that the class label of an example is corrupted is a function of the feature vector of the example. This would account for most kinds of noisy data one encounters in practice. We say that a learning method is noise tolerant if the classifiers learnt with noise-free data and with noisy data, both have the same classification accuracy on the noise-free data. In this paper, we analyze the noise-tolerance properties of risk minimization (under different loss functions). We show that risk minimization under 0-1 loss function has impressive noise-tolerance properties and that under squared error loss is tolerant only to uniform noise; risk minimization under other loss functions is not noise tolerant. We conclude this paper with some discussion on the implications of these theoretical results.
Development of an Efficient Face Recognition System based on Linear and Nonlinear Algorithms

This paper presents appearance based methods for face recognition using linear and nonlinear techniques. The linear algorithms used are Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). The two nonlinear methods used are the Kernel Principal Components Analysis (KPCA) and Kernel Fisher Analysis (KFA). The linear dimensional reduction projection methods encode pattern information based on second order dependencies. The nonlinear methods are used to handle relationships among three or more pixels. In the final stage, Mahalinobis Cosine (MAHCOS) metric is used to define the similarity measure between two images. The experiment showed that LDA and KFA have the highest performance of 93.33 % from the CMC and ROC results when used with Gabor wavelets. The overall result using 400 images of AT&T database showed that the performance of the linear and nonlinear algorithms can be affected by the number of classes of the images, preprocessing of images, and the number of face images of the test sets used for recognition.
Global management of cache hierarchies

Cache memories currently treat all blocks as if they were equally important. This assumption of equally important blocks is not always valid. For instance, not all blocks deserve to be in L1 cache. We therefore propose globalized block placement. We present a global placement algorithm for managing blocks in a cache hierarchy by deciding where in the hierarchy an incoming block should be placed. Our technique makes decisions by adapting to access patterns of different blocks. The contributions of this paper are fourfold. First, we motivate our solution by demonstrating the importance of a globalized placement scheme. Second, we present a method to categorize cache block behavior into one of four categories. Third, we present one potential design exploiting this categorization. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of our design. The proposed scheme enhances overall system performance (IPC) by an average of 12% over a traditional LRU scheme while reducing traffic between L1 cache and L2 cache by an average of 20%, using SPEC CPU benchmark suite. All of this is achieved with a table as small as 3 KB.
Effects of nitrogen addition on soil oxidisable organic carbon fractions in the rhizospheric and bulk soils of Chinese pines in north-western China (vol 56, pg 192, 2018)

Increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition caused by human activities has potentially important effects on ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics and different effects on C fractions with different stabilities and chemical compositions. A better understanding of the responses of different C fractions to N addition is vital for maintaining soil quality and protecting vegetation. In order to investigate the differential effects of N addition on total soil organic carbon (SOC) and four SOC fractions with increasing degrees of oxidisability in Pinus tabuliformis rhizospheric and bulk soils, a 6-year pot experiment was performed testing the effects of the addition of N at rates of 2.8, 5.6, 11.2, 22.4 and 44.8 g m year compared with a control (CK) group (no N addition). Addition of N addition had significant (P < 0.05) effects on SOC fractions of very labile C (C1) and recalcitrant C (C4), but negligible effects on total SOC (TOC) and SOC fractions of labile C (C2) and less labile C (C3). The C1 content and ratio of C1 to TOC in rhizospheres decreased following the addition of low levels (N2.8–N5.6) of N, but increased after the addition of high levels (N11.2–N44.8) of N, with minimum values obtained after the addition of 11.2N g m year. Low rates (N2.8–N5.6) of N addition considerably increased C4 and the ratio of C4 to TOC in the rhizosphere, whereas addition of high rates (N11.2–N44.8) of N decreased these parameters. The responses of C1 and C4 in the bulk soil to N addition were opposite. The SOC fraction was significantly higher in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soil, indicating large rhizospheric effects. However, increased N addition weakened these effects. These findings suggest that low rates (N2.8–N5.6) of N addition stabilise SOC against chemical and biological degradation, whereas increased rates of N addition increase the lability of SOC in the bulk soil. Thus, the rhizosphere plays a vital role in soil carbon stability and sequestration in response to N addition. Additional keywords: Pinus tabuliformis, rhizosphere, nitrogen deposition, carbon stabilization. Received 21 December 2016, accepted 21 August 2017, published online 2 November 2017
Brow elevation ratio: a new method of brow analysis.

OBJECTIVE To introduce a novel quantitative method measuring preoperative and postoperative brow position and apply it to a cohort of patients undergoing endoscopic brow suspension. DESIGN Retrospective review of patients who underwent endoscopic brow- and forehead-lift using a consistent operative technique and method of fixation. Changes in brow position were measured using standardized digital photographs of patients taken before and after surgery. Brow elevation was determined using a novel measurement system based on the ratio of the vertical height of the brow to the distance between the lateral corneal limbus and the medial canthus. RESULTS Sixteen consecutive patients (32 eyebrows) underwent surgery between January 7, 2003, and January 15, 2006, without any major complications. With follow-up ranging from 6 to 31 months (mean follow-up, 18 months), a statistically significant elevation of brow position was found. Mean brow ratio measurements increased by 18.0% on the right side and 16.1% on the left side, for an overall mean increase in brow position of 17.1%. The brow elevation ratio remained increased by a mean of 16.8% for patients who were followed up for almost 2 years and beyond. CONCLUSIONS The brow elevation ratio can be applied to patients undergoing brow suspension procedures with standard office photography. The ratios provide the surgeon with a quantitative dimension for assessing outcomes of brow elevation and can be used in comparative analysis of each patient's baseline brow position.