Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three local conditions on a graded ring

Let R =ZiGRi be a commutative graded Noetherian ring with unit and let A = -iezAi be a finitely generated graded R module. We show that if we assume that AM is a Cohen Macaulay RM module for each maximal graded ideal M of R, then Ap is a Cohen Macaulay RP module for each prime ideal P of R. With A = R we show that the same is true with Cohen Macaulay replaced by regular and Gorenstein, respectively. Introduction. The following question was posed by Nagata in [9]: if R = kjeZ+Ri is a commutative graded Noetherian ring with unit such that RM is Cohen Macaulay for each maximal graded ideal M of R, then is RP Cohen Macaulay for every prime ideal P of R? Paul Roberts [6], M. Hochster and L. J. Ratliff [4] and the author arrived independently at affirmative answers to the question. An expanded version of the question in the case of a graded ring R, graded by the integers, admitting a finitely generated graded R module A with the property that AM is Cohen Macaulay for each maximal graded ideal M of R is answered in Theorem 1.1 below. In ? 2 the same question is answered with R graded by the integers and Cohen Macaulay replaced by regular. If R is graded by the positive integers and is a regular ring, then R admits a structure theorem in the case that R has a finite number of maximal graded ideals. In Proposition 2.3 we show that R is a direct sum of polynomial rings over semilocal regular domains. In ? 3 the question is once again answered when R is graded by the integers, but this time Cohen Macaulay is replaced by Gorenstein. An example is given to show that if R = ZjEZ+Rj is a Gorenstein ring, Ro need not be Gorenstein. In fact in the example RO is not even Cohen Macaulay. Paul Roberts has recently proved these results using methods different from those given below. The basic references for the ideas that follow are [5], [7] and [8]. (1) All rings are commutative Noetherian rings with unit element. R = iGeZRi will Received by the editors February 5, 1974. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 13H05, 13H 10, 13C05, 13E05; Secondary 13C15, 13B25.
Distributions of the HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DRB1, and HLA-DQB1 alleles and haplotype frequencies of 1763 stem cell donors in the Colombian Bone Marrow Registry typed by next-generation sequencing

The HLA compatibility continues to be the main limitation when finding compatible donors, especially if an identical match is not found within the patient’s family group. The creation of bone marrow registries allowed a therapeutic option by identifying 10/10 compatible unrelated donors (URD). However, the availability and frequency of haplotypes and HLA alleles are different among ethnic groups and geographical areas, increasing the difficulty of finding identical matches in international registries. In this study, the HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 loci of 1763 donors registered in the Colombian Bone Marrow Registry were typed by next-generation sequencing. A total of 52 HLA-A, 111 HLA-B, 41 HLA-C, 47 HLA-DRB1, and 20 HLA-DQB1 alleles were identified. The 3 most frequent alleles for each loci were A*24:02g (20,8%), A*02:01g (16,1%), A*01:01g (7.06%); B*35:43g (7.69%), B*40:02g (7.18%), B*44:03g (6.07%); C*04:01g (15.40%), C*01:02g (10.49%), C*07:02g (10.44%); DRB1*04:07g (11.03%), DRB1*07:01g (9.78%), DRB1*08:02g (6.72%); DQB1*03:02g (20.96%), DQB1*03:01g (17.78%) and DQB1*02:01g (16.05%). A total of 497 HLA-A-C-B-DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes were observed with a frequency greater than or equal to 0.05% (> 0.05%); the haplotypes with the highest frequency were A*24:02g~B*35:43g~C*01:02g~DQB1*03:02g~DRB1*04:07g (3.34%), A*29:02g~B*44:03g~C*16:01g~DQB1*02:01g~DRB1*07:01g (2.04%), and A*01:01g~B*08:01g~C*07:01g~DQB1*02:01g~DRB1*03:01g (1.83%). This data will allow the new Colombian Bone Marrow Donor Registry to assess the genetic heterogeneity of the Colombian population and serve as a tool of interest for future searches of unrelated donors in the country.
Pure Molecular Beam of Water Dimer.

Spatial separation of water dimers from water monomers and larger water-clusters through the electric deflector is presented. A beam of water dimers with $93~\%$ purity and a rotational temperature of $1.5~$K was obtained. Following strong-field ionization using a 35~fs laser pulse with a wavelength centered around 800~nm and a peak intensity of $10^{14}~\Wpcmcm$ we observed proton transfer and $46~\%$ of ionized water dimers broke apart into hydronium ions \HHHOp and neutral OH.
Brain-computer interface combined with mental practice and occupational therapy enhances upper limb motor recovery, activities of daily living, and participation in subacute stroke

Background We investigated the effects of brain-computer interface (BCI) combined with mental practice (MP) and occupational therapy (OT) on performance in activities of daily living (ADL) in stroke survivors. Methods Participants were randomized into two groups: experimental (n = 23, BCI controlling a hand exoskeleton combined with MP and OT) and control (n = 21, OT). Subjects were assessed with the functional independence measure (FIM), motor activity log (MAL), amount of use (MAL-AOM), and quality of movement (MAL-QOM). The box and blocks test (BBT) and the Jebsen hand functional test (JHFT) were used for the primary outcome of performance in ADL, while the Fugl-Meyer Assessment was used for the secondary outcome. Exoskeleton activation and the degree of motor imagery (measured as event-related desynchronization) were assessed in the experimental group. For the BCI, the EEG electrodes were placed on the regions of FC3, C3, CP3, FC4, C4, and CP4, according to the international 10–20 EEG system. The exoskeleton was placed on the affected hand. MP was based on functional tasks. OT consisted of ADL training, muscle mobilization, reaching tasks, manipulation and prehension, mirror therapy, and high-frequency therapeutic vibration. The protocol lasted 1 h, five times a week, for 2 weeks. Results There was a difference between baseline and post-intervention analysis for the experimental group in all evaluations: FIM (p = 0.001, d = 0.56), MAL-AOM (p = 0.001, d = 0.83), MAL-QOM (p = 0.006, d = 0.84), BBT (p = 0.004, d = 0.40), and JHFT (p = 0.001, d = 0.45). Within the experimental group, post-intervention improvements were detected in the degree of motor imagery (p < 0.001) and the amount of exoskeleton activations (p < 0.001). For the control group, differences were detected for MAL-AOM (p = 0.001, d = 0.72), MAL-QOM (p = 0.013, d = 0.50), and BBT (p = 0.005, d = 0.23). Notably, the effect sizes were larger for the experimental group. No differences were detected between groups at post-intervention. Conclusion BCI combined with MP and OT is a promising tool for promoting sensorimotor recovery of the upper limb and functional independence in subacute post-stroke survivors.
Identification of novel autoantigens as potential biomarkers in juvenile idiopathic arthritis associated uveitis

Background Many children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) have autoantibodies, targeting nuclear components (anti-nuclear antibodies, ANA). ANA in JIA is associated with uveitis, an eye inflammation which may cause permanent vision impairment if not detected and treated. However, ANA-testing is neither specific nor sensitive enough to be a clinically reliable predictor of uveitis risk, and the precise autoantigens targeted by ANA in JIA are largely unknown. If identified, specific autoantibodies highly associated with uveitis could be used as biomarkers to facilitate identification of JIA patients at risk. Methods Antibodies from six ANA-positive, oligoarticular JIA patients, with and without uveitis, were explored by two large-scale methods: (1) screening against 42,100 peptides on an autoimmunity profiling planar array, and (2) immunoprecipitations from cell lysates with antigen identification by mass spectrometry. Three hundred thirty-five peptide antigens, selected from proteins identified in the large-scale methods and the scientific literature were investigated using a bead-based array in a cohort of 56 patients with oligoarticular- or RF-negative polyarticular JIA, eight of which were having current or previous uveitis. Results In the planar array, reactivity was detected against 332 peptide antigens. The immunoprecipitations identified reactivity towards 131 proteins. Only two proteins were identified by both methods. In the bead-based array of selected peptide antigens, patients with uveitis had a generally higher autoreactivity, seen as higher median fluorescence intensity (MFI) across all antigens, compared to patients without uveitis. Reactivity towards 17 specific antigens was significantly higher in patients with uveitis compared to patients without uveitis. Hierarchical clustering revealed that patients with uveitis clustered together. Conclusion This study investigated autoantigens in JIA and uveitis, by combining two exploratory methods and confirmation in a targeted array. JIA patients with current or a history of uveitis had significantly higher reactivity towards 17 autoantigens and a generally higher autoreactivity compared to JIA patients without uveitis. Hierarchical clustering suggests that a combination of certain autoantibodies, rather than reactivity towards one specific antigen, is associated with uveitis. Our analysis of autoantibodies associated with uveitis in JIA could be a starting point for identification of prognostic biomarkers useful in JIA clinical care.
Moderation effect of community health on the relationship between racial/ethnic residential segregation and HIV viral suppression in South Carolina: A county-level longitudinal study from 2013 to 2018

Background Viral suppression is the ultimate goal of the HIV treatment cascade and a primary endpoint of antiretroviral therapy. Empirical evidence found racial/ethnic disparities in viral suppression among people living with HIV (PWH), but the evidence of the relationship between racial/ethnic residential segregation and place-based viral suppression is scarce. Further exploring potential structural moderators in this relationship has substantial implications for healthcare policymaking and resource allocation. The current study aimed to investigate the spatial-temporal disparities in the HIV viral suppression rate across 46 counties in South Carolina from 2013 to 2018. We also examined the impact of racial/ethnic residential segregation and the moderation effect of community health, one measurement of community engagement and volunteerism. Methods The proportion of PWH who achieved viral suppression for each county and calendar year was calculated using de-identified electronic medical records. The isolation index was calculated and used to measure racial/ethnic residential segregation. The community health index and other county-level factors were directly extracted from multiple publicly available datasets. We used geospatial mapping to explore the spatial-temporal variations of HIV viral suppression rates. Hierarchical quasi-binominal regression models were used to examine the impacts of racial/ethnic residential segregation on county-level viral suppression rate by the extent of community health. Results From 2013 to 2018, the average viral suppression rate across 46 counties in SC increased from 64.3% to 65.4%. Regression results revealed that counties with high racial/ethnic residential segregation were more likely to have a low viral suppression rate (β = −0.56, 95% CI: −0.75 to −0.37). In counties with high levels of community health, the impact of racial/ethnic residential segregation on viral suppression rate decreased as compared with those with low levels of community health (β = 5.50, 95% CI: 0.95–10.05). Conclusions Racial/ethnic residential segregation acts as a structural barrier to placed-based viral suppression rates and compromises the goal of the HIV treatment cascade. Concentrated and sustained county-level interventions aiming to improve community health can be practical approaches to promote health equity in HIV treatment and care.
Counter charge cluster formation in molecular doping of molybdenum disulfide

Studies of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) gas sensor prototypes report orders of magnitude higher sensitivity toward nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over ammonia (NH3). Based on the cluster formation model and density functional theory calculations of charge transfer, NO2 was found to form a tightly bound cluster of counter charges upon carrier donation. In contrast, NH3 forms only a semi-localized cluster of counter charges over a wide area of MoS2, creating a larger collision cross section of coulomb interaction between the charge carrier and the counter charges. We discuss the potential effect of counter charge cluster localization on the efficiency of molecular doping.
Unravelling var complexity: Relationship between DBLα types and var genes in Plasmodium falciparum

The enormous diversity and complexity of var genes that diversify rapidly by recombination has led to the exclusion of assembly of these genes from major genome initiatives (e.g., Pf6). A scalable solution in epidemiological surveillance of var genes is to use a small ‘tag’ region encoding the immunogenic DBLα domain as a marker to estimate var diversity. As var genes diversify by recombination, it is not clear the extent to which the same tag can appear in multiple var genes. This relationship between marker and gene has not been investigated in natural populations. Analyses of in vitro recombination within and between var genes have suggested that this relationship would not be exclusive. Using a dataset of publicly-available assembled var sequences, we test this hypothesis by studying DBLα-var relationships for four study sites in four countries: Pursat (Cambodia) and Mae Sot (Thailand), representing low malaria transmission, and Navrongo (Ghana) and Chikwawa (Malawi), representing high malaria transmission. In all study sites, DBLα-var relationships were shown to be predominantly 1-to-1, followed by a second largest proportion of 1-to-2 DBLα-var relationships. This finding indicates that DBLα tags can be used to estimate not just DBLα diversity but var gene diversity when applied in a local endemic area. Epidemiological applications of this result are discussed.
The frequency of somatic mutations in cancer predicts the phenotypic relevance of germline mutations

Genomic sequence mutations can be pathogenic in both germline and somatic cells. Several authors have observed that often the same genes are involved in cancer when mutated in somatic cells and in genetic diseases when mutated in the germline. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing techniques have provided us with large databases of both types of mutations, allowing us to investigate this issue in a systematic way. Hence, we applied a machine learning based framework to this problem, comparing multiple models. The models achieved significant predictive power as shown by both cross-validation and their application to recently discovered gene/phenotype associations not used for training. We found that genes characterized by high frequency of somatic mutations in the most common cancers and ancient evolutionary age are most likely to be involved in abnormal phenotypes and diseases. These results suggest that the combination of tolerance for mutations at the cell viability level (measured by the frequency of somatic mutations in cancer) and functional relevance (demonstrated by evolutionary conservation) are the main predictors of disease genes. Our results thus confirm the deep relationship between pathogenic mutations in somatic and germline cells, provide new insight into the common origin of cancer and genetic diseases, and can be used to improve the identification of new disease genes.
Should we evoke fear and responsibility in management of obesity-related risk in the press?

COPYRIGHT © 2023 Zhao and Zheng. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Should we evoke fear and responsibility in management of obesity-related risk in the press?
The link between self-uncertainty and conspicuous consumption: Tolerance of uncertainty as a moderator

This study, based on self-affirmation theory, aims to investigate the impact of self-uncertainty on individual consumption behavior. Self-uncertainty was categorized into moral, cognitive, and interpersonal self-uncertainty, and different types of self-uncertainty were manipulated through four experiments, including a moral dilemma, a recall paradigm, and a picture quiz task written by E-Prime software to examine the effects of different types of self-uncertainty on conspicuous consumption and their possible boundary conditions. Our results show that moral, cognitive, and interpersonal self-uncertainty contribute to a stronger tendency to engage in conspicuous consumption. Our results also suggest that tolerance of uncertainty moderates the effect of self-uncertainty on conspicuous consumption, meaning that subjects with a high tolerance of uncertainty are less inclined to engage in conspicuous consumption than those with a low tolerance of uncertainty, even if they have high self-uncertainty. This study may provide an explanation for conspicuous consumption behavior, further validating the theory of compensatory consumption. Additionally, the results from this study also provide a reference for understanding people’s decision-making behavior in an uncertain social context and can provide new guidance to control irrational consumption behavior.
Transport and sedimentation of suspended particles in inertial pressure-driven flow

The dynamics of flowing suspensions of spherical particles in a channel, including their sedimentation under gravity, is studied using lattice Boltzmann simulations. Spherical particles confined to a three-dimensional periodic channel of constant width are driven through it by an applied pressure gradient while gravity acts to deposit the particles on the bottom wall. The particle diameter is 1/10 the channel width and bulk concentrations varying from 0.13 to 0.34 are considered. The simulations cover a range of buoyancy and Reynolds numbers and include the effects of inertia. In the neutral buoyancy case, we observe concentration profiles peaked at the center of the channel, plus secondary peaks near the walls due to layering effects, and velocity profiles which become increasingly blunted as particle concentration rises. Gravity produces a three-layer system with clear fluid, flowing suspension, and dense sediment regions having parabolic, pluglike, and nearly stagnant velocity profiles, respectively. I.
The Effect of Different levels of a Network Reinforced System and Curing Methods on Properties of Different Acrylic Resin Denture Base Materials

Aims and objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of the addition of light-cured fibre SES mesh at different levels (near the polished surface, at the middle, and near the tissue surface) within different acrylic resin denture base materials on the transverse strength and the surface hardness. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty samples were prepared from three types of acrylic resin denture base materials (high impact heat cured, cross-linked heat cured, and microwaved cured acrylic resins) to test the transverse strength and surface hardness. The samples were divided into four groups: Group1(samples without fibre reinforcement, Control group, n = 30); Group 2 (samples reinforced using SES mesh network near the tissue surface of the acrylic resin sample, n = 30); Group 3 (samples reinforced using SES mesh network near to the polished surface of the acrylic resin sample, n = 30); Group 4 (samples reinforced using SES mesh reinforced network at the middle of the acrylic resin sample, n = 30). The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test at a 0.05 level of significance (SPSS software, version 19.0). Results: One-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in the mean values of transverse strength between all levels of fibre mesh applications and without fibre mesh reinforcement (P < 0.05). Tukey’s post hoc test showed that mesh-reinforced fibre in Group 4 had the highest mean value, while the control group showed the lowest mean value. One-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in the mean surface hardness values between cross-linked heat-cured and microwave-cured acrylic resins (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in the mean surface hardness values between all levels of fibre mesh applications and without fibre mesh reinforcement for high-impact heat-cured acrylic resin (P ˃ 0.05). Conclusions: SES-reinforced glass fibre mesh at different levels significantly increased the transverse strength for different acrylic resin materials but had less effect on the surface hardness for all types of acrylic resin materials.
Reviews of Feedback-Based Over-Load Protection Algorithms

Overload protection for electric facilities is a compulsory equipped function in general. Traditional methods may cut the power connection immediately for protection. In this case, however, the facilities may not return to usual work even the malfunction is removed. For this reason, alternative algorithms have been reported using feedback mechanism to resolve this problem. This paper reviews two major schemes based on a feedback principle. The first one uses a feedback-controlling high switching LC algorithm. The second one applies the resonant switching technique with a feedback control strategy. Both approaches achieve a constant-maintained load current for protection purpose. These will be investigated and discussed for more details, and then the conclusions will be made based on the comparison for each other.
Community Detection using Fast Cosine Shared Link Method

Finding communities in a complex network is tedious task. In this paper, we have proposed a Fast Cosine Shared Link (FCSL) method for unveiling and analyzing concealed behavior of the communities in the network. We have used Cosine similarity measure to find the node’s similarity. Further, we have evaluated the time taken to identify the communities in the network. Substantial experiments and results shows the potential of the proposed method to successfully find real world communities in real world network datasets. The experiments we carried out exhibit that our method outperforms other techniques and slightly improve results of the other existing methods, proving reliable results. The performance of methods evaluated in terms of communities, modularity value and time taken to detect the communities in network.