Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Closed Loop Control of Bridgeless Cuk Converter Using Fuzzy Logic Controller for PFC Applications

— This paper is based on the bridgeless single-phase Ac– Dc Power Factor Correction (PFC) converters with Fuzzy Logic Controller. High frequency isolated Cuk converters are used as a modular dc-dc converter in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) of operation of Power Factor Correction. The aim of this paper is to simplify the program complexity of the controller by reducing the number of fuzzy sets of the Membership Functions (MFs) and to improve the efficiency and to eliminate the power quality problems. The output of Fuzzy controller is compared with High frequency triangular wave to generate PWM gating signals of Cuk converter. The proposed topologies are designed to work in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) to achieve a unity power factor and low total harmonic distortion of the input current. The Fuzzy Logic Controller gives additional advantages such as accurate result, uncertainty and imprecision and automatic control circuitry. Performance comparisons between the proposed and conventional controllers and circuits are performed based on circuit simulations.
Research-doctorate programs in the United States: continuity and change

Doctoral programs at U.S. universities play a critical role in the development of human resources both in the United States and abroad. This volume reports the results of an extensive study of U.S. research-doctorate programs in five broad fields: physical sciences and mathematics, engineering, social and behavioral sciences, biological sciences, and the humanities. Research-Doctorate Programs in the United States documents changes that have taken place in the size, structure, and quality of doctoral education since the widely used 1982 editions. This update provides selected information on nearly 4,000 doctoral programs in 41 subdisciplines at 274 doctorate-granting institutions. This volume also reports the results of the National Survey of Graduate Faculty, which polled a sample of faculty for their views on the scholarly quality of program faculty and the effectiveness of doctoral programs in preparing research scholars/scientists. This much-anticipated update of such an essential reference will be useful to education administrators, university faculty, and students seeking authoritative information on doctoral programs.
Diagnostic Models for Procedural Bugs in Basic Mathematical Skills

A new diagnostic modeling system for automatically synthesizing a deep-structure model of a student's misconceptions or bugs in his basic mathematical skills provides a mechanism for explaining why a student is making a mistake as opposed to simply identifying the mistake. This report is divided into four sections: The first provides examples of the problems that must be handled by a diagnostic model. It then introduces procedural networks as a general framework for representing the knowledge underlying a skill. The challenge in designing this representation is to find one that facilitates the discovery of misconceptions or bugs existing in a particular student's encoding of this knowledge. The second section discusses some of the pedagogical issues that have emerged from the use of diagnostic models within an instructional system. This discussion is framed in the context of a computer-based tutoring/gaming system developed to teach students and student teachers how to diagnose bugs strategically as well as how to provide a better understanding of the underlying structure of arithmetic skills. The third section describes our uses of an executable network as a tool for automatically diagnosing student behavior, for automatically generating “diagnostic” tests, and for judging the diagnostic quality of a given exam. Included in this section is a discussion of the success of this system in diagnosing 1300 school students from a data base of 20,000 test items. The last section discusses future research directions. Development of the general framework of Diagnostic Models which underlies this research was supported, in part, by the Advanced Research Projects Agency, Air Force Human Resources Laboratory, Army Research Institute for Behavioral and Social Sciences, and Navy Personnel Research and Development Center under Contract No. MDA903-76-C-0108.
From Gutenberg to the Global Information Infrastructure

From the Publisher: Winner of the American Society for Information Science and Technology's 2001 Best Book Award Will the emerging global information infrastructure (GII) create a revolution in communication equivalent to that wrought by Gutenberg, or will the result be simply the evolutionary adaptation of existing behavior and institutions to new media? Will the GII improve access to information for all? Will it replace libraries and publishers? How can computers and information systems be made easier to use? What are the trade-offs between tailoring information systems to user communities and standardizing them to interconnect with systems designed for other communities, cultures, and languages? This book takes a close look at these and other questions of technology, behavior, and policy surrounding the GII. Topics covered include the design and use of digital libraries; behavioral and institutional aspects of electronic publishing; the evolving role of libraries; the life cycle of creating, using, and seeking information; and the adoption and adaptation of information technologies. The book takes a human-centered perspective, focusing on how well the GII fits into the daily lives of the people it is supposed to benefit. Taking a unique holistic approach to information access, the book draws on research and practice in computer science, communications, library and information science, information policy, business, economics, law, political science, sociology, history, education, and archival and museum studies. It explores both domestic and international issues. The author's own empirical research is complemented by extensive literature reviews and analyses.
Evaluation of a Regional Approach to Standards for Plug‐in Battery Electric Vehicles in Future Light‐Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Regulations

Representing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions attributable to plug‐in electric vehicles (PEV) in vehicle GHG emissions regulations is complex because of spatial and temporal variation in fueling sources and vehicle use. Previous work has shown that the environmental performance of PEVs significantly varies depending on the characteristics of the electricity grid and how the vehicle is driven. This article evaluates the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) GHG emissions accounting methodology in current and future standards for new electrified vehicles. The current approach employed by the EPA in their 2017–2025 model year light‐duty vehicle GHG regulation is compared with an accounting mechanism where the actual regional sales of PEVs, and the regional electricity emission factor in the year sold, are used to determine vehicle compliance value. Changes to the electricity grid over time and regional vehicle sales are included in the modeling efforts. A projection of a future GHG regulation past the 2017–2025 rule is used to observe the effect of such a regional regulation. The results showed that the complexity involved in tracking and accounting for regional PEV sales will not dramatically increase the effectiveness of the regulations to capture PEV electricity‐related GHG emissions in the absence of a major policy shift. A discussion of the feasibility and effectiveness of a regional standard for PEVs, and notable examples of region‐specific regulations instated in past energy policies, is also addressed.
Untangling the food web: farm-to-market distances in British Columbia, Canada

One of the stated missions of many farmers' markets and their advocates is to bring consumers closer to their producers, providing enhanced social capital between the two groups, increased loyalty to local food producers and increased economic opportunity to those producers. Most markets also imply an environmental benefit from shopping locally through a reduction in food miles and thus a corresponding reduction in carbon emissions and resource use. To better understand this claim, farm-to-market distances need to be available in a clear, understandable and accessible way. This paper introduces food webs, a graphical representation of the distance travelled and the regional catchment for producers of urban farmers' markets, as demonstrated in British Columbia, Canada. The food webs show farm locations in an easily accessible manner, the degree to which farmers' markets are serving local food producers and the nature of those producers. The results show a large variation in distance travelled to markets and suggest that a critical examination of what “local” means in the context of farmers' market is needed.
Functional Equivalence between Intertemporal and Multisectoral Investment Adjustment Costs

Two types of adjustment cost specifications coexist in macroeconomic models with investment: intertemporal adjustment costs which involve a nonlinear substitution between capital and investment in capital accumulation, and multisectoral costs which are captured by a nonlinear transformation between consumption and investment. This paper demonstrates a functional equivalence between these two specifications. One surprising result is that an increase in multisectoral adjustment costs can be equivalent to a decrease in intertemporal adjustment costs, depending upon the size of the intertemporal costs. We then observe that the functional equivalence implies a problem in identifying the two types of adjustment costs and show ways to solve the problem.
Determinants of regional unemployment: some evidence from Austria

Badinger H. and Url T. (2002) Determinants of regional unemployment: some evidence from Austria, Reg. Studies 36, 977–988. Using a spatial filtering technique we estimate an empirical model of regional unemployment for a sample of Austrian regions. The spatial filtering technique removes the spatial correlation from the data and allows us to assess the importance of purely spatial effects. We find significant relations between the regional unemployment rate and relative regional wages transaction costs as reflected by the share of public housing, job vacancies, the share of employees in the manufacturing sector and a social assistance variable. Spatial effects account for about one-fifth of the variation in the unemployment rate.
Analysis and Design of a Wireless Power Transfer System with Dual Active Bridges

Nowadays, work on Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems with dual active bridges is attracting great attention due to their low conduction losses, power regulation, load transformation and reactance compensation. However, in these studies limitations such as overall analysis, design and realization techniques of the system were not considered properly. To address the aforementioned issues, this paper presents a detailed analysis, design and realization of a Series-Series (SS) WPT system with dual active bridges, which will improve the overall performance. Three independent Phase Angles (PAs) have been analyzed and designed in this study, one PA on the primary side and the other two PAs on the secondary side. This Multiple Degrees of Phase Control (MDPC) method can achieve additional reactance compensation, load transformation and output regulation simultaneously. To realize the proposed method in practice, key implementation techniques have been investigated in detail, including additional reactance estimation, mutual inductance estimation, phase detection and synchronization. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system is verified through simulation and experimental results.
Overcoming the specific performance measurement challenges of knowledge‐intensive organizations

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to identify practical ways to overcome the specific performance measurement challenges of knowledge-intensive organizations. By reviewing performance measurement, service management and human resources management literature the paper recognizes two aspects that are crucial for the success of knowledge-intensive organizations: the performance and well-being of individual knowledge workers and the ability to provide value for the customer. The authors evaluate three measurement solutions for measuring these aspects, in three empirical settings. Design/methodology/approach - Qualitative case approach, carried out as an action research, is used with empirical data obtained through interviews, workshops and analysis of documentation related to measurement systems. The empirical study consists of three case studies where two main phases were carried out: investigating the status of existing measurement practices; and development and evaluation of new measurement approaches and tools. Findings - The results of the evaluation of proposed measurement approaches provide understanding of their potential in different workplaces. Eventually, this potentially supports the managers of knowledge-intensive organizations in developing not only the measurement practices but also the overall performance of their organizations. Originality/value - As the key academic contribution, the study provides new understanding on the potential of selected measurement approaches in overcoming the specific performance measurement challenges in knowledge-intensive organizations. The results take into account the perspectives of an individual knowledge worker, a customer and an organization as a whole. In many previous studies, the main focus has been solely on the organizational perspective.
Transient Immunologic Effects of Betamethasone in Human Pregnancy After Suppression of Preterm Labor

ABSTRACT: Maternal immune suppression is a potentially significant adverse effect when betamethasone is used to hasten lung maturation of the fetus at risk for preterm delivery. However, increased incidence of infection has not been observed consistently after betamethasone treatment of pregnant women. This study was designed to determine if the cellular immune response to steroids may be modified during pregnancy in a way that would diminish the infection risk associated with steroid treatment.
Soft-MS and Computational Mapping of Oleuropein

Olive oil and table olives are rich sources of biophenols, which provides a unique taste, aroma and potential health benefits. Specifically, green olive drupes are enriched with oleuropein, a bioactive biophenol secoiridoid. Olive oil contains hydrolytic derivatives such as hydroxytyrosol, oleacein and elenolate from oleuropein as well as tyrosol and oleocanthal from ligstroside. Biophenol secoiridoids are categorized by the presence of elenoic acid or its derivatives in their molecular structure. Medical studies suggest that olive biophenol secoiridoids could prevent cancer, obesity, osteoporosis, and neurodegeneration. Therefore, understanding the biomolecular dynamics of oleuropein can potentially improve olive-based functional foods and nutraceuticals. This review provides a critical assessment of oleuropein biomolecular mechanism and computational mapping that could contribute to nutrigenomics.
The Legislative Response to the Shareholders V Stakeholders Debate: A Comparative Overview

The debate as to whose interests should be considered by directors in terms of their duty to act in the best interests of the corporation—shareholders or stakeholders—has been popular among corporate law scholars for a number of years. In some jurisdictions the judiciary indicated a willingness to depart from a strict shareholder-centric approach by recognising that the interests of creditors become paramount under certain circumstances. Until relatively recently the legislature remained silent on this topic. However, corporate law reform afforded the legislature an opportunity to revisit this debate in at least four common law jurisdictions—Australia, the UK, South Africa and Singapore. This article provides a comparative overview and analysis of relevant legislation in these jurisdictions to illustrate the extent to which, if at all, the legislatures in these jurisdictions have been persuaded to depart from the notion of shareholder supremacy and ultimately assesses the implications of a particular approach adopted by the respective legislatures.
Targeted inhibition of tumor‐cell growth by recombinant heregulin‐toxin fusion proteins

Fusion of functional domains of proteins by in vitro recombination of gene fragments can be used to generate novel anti‐tumor agents. The combination of tumor‐cell‐recognition functions and toxic functions results in cytotoxic molecules with a high specificity for tumor cells. Human adenocarcinomas are frequently characterized by over‐expression of members of the epidermal‐growth‐factor (EGF) receptor family (ErbB‐1, 2, 3 and 4), when compared with normal cells. These tumors are particularly suited to treatment with recombinant toxins. The human heregulins (HRG) and their rat counterparts (neu differentiation factor, NDF) have been identified as ligands for these receptors. Two chimeric heregulin‐toxin fusions consisting of the EGF‐like receptor recognition domain of the heregulin isoforms HRGα and HRGβ1, and the domains II, lb and III of the Pseudomonas exotoxin A (ETA) were constructed. HRGβ1‐ETA is highly cytotoxic for the mammary carcinoma cell lines SK‐BR‐3 and MDA‐MB‐453. HRGα‐ETA was less active than HRGβ1‐ETA. The killing activity of the recombinant toxins correlated with the expression levels of ErbB‐3 and/or ErbB‐4 in the cell lines studied. High expression of ErbB‐2 is not sufficient to confer sensitivity towards the HRG‐ETA. Treatment of mice with 0.4 mg/kg/day of HRGβ1‐ETA caused growth retardation of transplanted human breast tumor cells. Higher levels of HRGβ1‐ETA administration resulted in acute hemorrhagic necrosis of the liver.
Stock forecasting using Support Vector Machine

This paper compares the performance in financial market prediction of a Neural Network approach and an approach using the regression feature of SVM. The historical values used are those of the Hang Sang Index (HSI) from 2002 to 2007 and data for January 2007 and January 2008. SVM performs well in the short term forecast.
Care work in the context of austerity

This introduction establishes the context for a series of articles exploring the outcomes for work, employment, worker orientation and service quality from the emerging context of austerity in public services in three countries – Canada, the UK and Australia. The paper outlines the development of outsourcing in care under new public management and identifies broad trends in work and employment pre-austerity. It reveals contracting-out and new public management-diminished public provision, radically altering the non-profit sector. The financial crisis is the latest in successive rounds of market-based reform that are deepening these tendencies. Despite some national variations, new public management led to the pay of the predominantly female front line workforce across the three countries failing to keep pace with public sector counterparts, as well as cuts in pensions, sick pay, and travel and subsistence allowances. Finally, it outlines how the accompanying papers explore new facets and themes in care work during austerity.
Struggles over Unlicensed Housing in Seoul, 1960—80

What happens when an exceptionally strong state takes on an especially rapid expansion of squatter settlements? A dramatic struggle of such proportions—between the forces of fast industrialisation pulling rural people into the city and an effective, modernising state intolerant of squatting—was played out in Seoul, South Korea, in the 1960s and 1970s, when that city was one of the world's fastest-growing metropolises. This paper documents battles over unlicensed housing in Seoul and finds that leaders repeatedly failed in their endeavour to clear the city's shantytowns, despite the impressive coercive capacity of the South Korean state. Instead, the state was forced to accommodate other interests, including industrial employers, more-privileged urban residents, land investors and squatters themselves. The remarkable case of Seoul offers insight into broader questions about the politics of housing the urban poor in the developing world.
Controllability of discrete-time consensus protocol under fixed and switched leaders

In this work, we consider the controlled discrete-time consensus problem in multi-agent systems, where a subset of agents take on leader roles while the remaining agents perform general consensus protocols with control inputs provided by the leaders. First, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the controllability under fixed and switched leaders, respectively. Further, we consider the problem of selecting a subset of followers to connect with leader for yielding fastest converging controlled consensus which can be cast as a convex optimization problem.
Comparison of two water vapor retrieval algorithms for HJ1A hyperspectral imagery

HJ-1A is one member of the Environment and Disaster Monitoring Microsatellite Constellation, which carries a HyperSpectral Imager (HSI) with the spectral resolution about 5nm from 450nm to 950nm. Retrieving columnar water vapor content is essential to the quantitative applications of hypespectral imagery. The ideal best band (940nm) for water vapor retrieval has lower signal-tonoise( S/N) value. In this paper, we choose another weak water absorption band (820nm) to retrieval the columnar water vapor content. Two common water vapor retrieval algorithms, called the Continuum Interpolated Band Ratio (CIBR) and the Atmospheric Precorrected Differential Absorption (APDA), are implemented and compared with each other. Simulation results show that these two algorithms have less difference in the accuracy of water vapor retrieval because the weak water vapor absorption effect in 820nm. The water vapor contents derived from HJ-1A HSI by CIBR algorithm are compared with MODIS products and a systematic error may exist in the radiometric calibration of HSI.
Creeping Competence: The Expanding Agenda of the European Community

ABSTRACT The article attempts to explain the expansion of the European Community (EC) policy agenda to new policy areas such as the environment, regional development and research and technological development, and the variations in policy development from one area to another. Lowi's classification of policy types-regulatory, redistributive and distributive-is adapted for use in the EC context. Each policy type, it is argued, deals with a distinct arena featuring different actors, different institutional decision rules, and different types of Council bargaining, and each therefore corresponds to a distinctive pattern of task expansion. Thus, regulatory policies can be explained in terms of functional spillover from the Internal Market, while redistributive policies can be understood as side-payments in larger intergovernmental bargains, and distributive policies are the result of the Commission's policy entrepreneurship and log-rolling Council bargaining. These three patterns of task expansion are examined in an empirical study of policy development across six areas.