Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Androgen receptor gene GGN repeat length and reproductive characteristics in young Swedish men.

BACKGROUND The human androgen receptor (AR) gene contains two polymorphisms of CAG and GGN repeats respectively. The GGN repeat function is still largely unknown and to date there are no in vivo data on this segment with respect to the general population. METHODS We investigated the impact of CAG and GGN repeats on male reproductive function, one by one and in interaction with each other, in 220 adolescent men from the general Swedish population. Physical examination and semen analysis, including accessory sex gland markers and measurement of reproductive hormone levels, were performed. Lifestyle-associated factors, including maternal smoking during pregnancy, were recorded. GGN and CAG repeat lengths were determined by sequencing. RESULTS GGN<23 was associated with lower semen volume when compared to GGN=23 (mean difference -0.6 ml, P=0.02) and GGN>23 (mean difference -0.9 ml, P=0.002). Men with GGN<23, exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy, had higher body mass index compared to men with other GGN lengths, no matter whether their mother had smoked or not during pregnancy (mean difference 4.8 kg/m2, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Short GGN repeats seem to be associated with decreased semen volume, possibly due to suboptimal AR activity. Body composition may be influenced by the combination of fetal exposure to maternal smoking and certain AR genotypes.
Rough reduction algorithm for reduction of metagenomic DNA digital signature

The renewal of sequencing technology have promoted the rapid development of metagenomics, which have lead to the sharply increasing of sequenced metagenome DNA sequences number. But most of DNA sequences species are unknown and the current method is to extract nearly ten thousands digital features as the species label, and oversize feature dimension will make large amount of calculation, so how to reduce those large metagenome DNA digital features is a problem that bioinformatics faced. A rough reduction method based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is designed which take use of rough theory and combine PSO algorithm. This algorithm have been applied to reduce the metagenome DNA sequences on the level of genera which have approved that it can make effective reduction for metagenome DNA digital features and get more classification accuracy rate than before.
Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Frames Infilled by Masonry Walls with Different Heights

This study carried out comparative seismic performance of reinforced concrete frames infilled by masonry walls with different heights. Partial and fully infilled reinforced concrete frames were modeled for the research objectives and the analysis model for a bare reinforced concrete frame was also established for comparison. Non–linear static analyses for the studied frames were performed to investigate their structural behavior under extreme seismic loads and to find out their collapse mechanism. It was observed from analysis results that the strengths of the partial infilled reinforced concrete frames are increased and their ductilities are reduced, as infilled masonry walls are higher. Especially, reinforced concrete frames with higher partial infilled masonry walls would experience shear failures. Non–linear dynamic analyses using 10 earthquake records show that the bare and fully infilled reinforced concrete frame present stable collapse mechanism while the reinforced concrete frames with partially infilled masonry walls collapse in more brittle manner due to short-column effects. Keywords—Fully infilled RC frame, partially infilled RC frame, masonry wall, short–column effects.
Machine learned regression for abductive DNA sequencing

We construct machine learned regressors to predict the behaviour of DNA sequencing data from the fluorescent labelled Sanger method. These predictions are used to assess hypotheses for sequence composition through calculation of likelihood or deviation evidence from the comparison of predictions from the hypothesized sequence with target trace data. We machine learn a means for comparing the measures taken from competing hypotheses for the sequence. This is a machine learned implementation of our proposal for abductive DNA basecalling. The results of the present experiments suggest that neural nets are a more effective means for predicting peak sizes than decision tree regressors, and for assembling evidence for competing hypotheses in this context. This is despite the availability of variance estimates in our decision tree regressors.
The joint contribution of sex, age and type of myocardial infarction on hospital mortality following acute myocardial infarction

Objective: Younger, but not older, women have a higher mortality than men of similar age after a myocardial infarction (MI). We sought to determine whether this relationship is true for both ST elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI). Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: 1057 USA hospitals participant in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction between 2000 and 2006. Patients: 126 172 STEMI and 235 257 NSTEMI patients. Main outcome measure: Hospital death. Results: For both STEMI and NSTEMI, the younger the patient’s age, the greater the excess mortality risk for women compared with men, while older women fared similarly (STEMI) or better (NSTEMI) than men (p<0.0001 for the age–sex interaction). In STEMI, the unadjusted women-to-men RR was 1.68 (95% CI 1.41 to 2.01), 1.78 (1.59 to 1.99), 1.45 (1.34 to 1.57), 1.08 (1.02 to 1.14) and 1.03 (0.98 to 1.07) for age <50 years, age 50–59, age 60–69, age 70–79 and age 80–89, respectively. For NSTEMI, corresponding unadjusted RRs were 1.56 (1.31 to 1.85), 1.42 (1.27 to 1.58), 1.17 (1.09 to 1.25), 0.92 (0.88 to 0.96) and 0.86 (0.83 to 0.89). After adjusting for risk status, the excess risk for younger women compared with men decreased to approximately 15–20%, while a better survival of older NSTEMI women compared with men persisted. Conclusions: Sex-related differences in short-term mortality are age-dependent in both STEMI and NSTEMI patients.
To Search and Summarize on Internet with Human Language Technology

More and more text are available on the Internet and we need tools to tame this flow. Automatic text summarization is one solution, a text is given to the computer and it returns a non-redundant shorter text. Automatic text summarization can also be used in search engines to decrease time finding documents. To further improve search engines one can use human language technology in form of word analysis as stemming and spell checking. Other methods that can be used are multilingual or cross language information retrieval in searching and finding documents written in other languages than the languages one has knowledge in. In understanding foreign languages one can use machine translation techniques that today had become good enough for practical use. Machine translation (MT) is the technique where the computer translates automatically between natural languages. The MT-techniques have been developed since the early 50’ies.
Quantitative polymerase chain (QPCR) reaction using the MIMIC approach to estimate Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, an intestinal pathogen, in municipal water treatment sludge samples.

An accurate estimation of the number of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in water treatment plant sludge was determined using the Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (QPCR) method. Approximately 8x10(6)purified viable oocysts were spiked into raw water and treated by conventional water treatment methods. The settled sludge was collected and the DNA extracted. The QPCR Mimic produced two competing products that were 300 and 435 base pairs in size. The log ratio of the products were used in the standard curve to determine a final estimation of oocysts in the sludge sample. The final number of oocysts in the sludge sample was estimated at 258 oocyst per two litres of treated water. This is the first time sludge from a water treatment process has been tested for presence of C. parvum oocysts, which is a known contaminant of drinking water. The QPCR method can be used to test other sludge samples and help estimate the sanitary risks associated with using sludge to fertilize agricultural lands.
Expected and Unexpected Uncertainty: ACh and NE in the Neocortex

Inference and adaptation in noisy and changing, rich sensory environments are rife with a variety of specific sorts of variability. Experimental and theoretical studies suggest that these different forms of variability play different behavioral, neural and computational roles, and may be reported by different (notably neuromodulatory) systems. Here, we refine our previous theory of acetylcholine's role in cortical inference in the (oxymoronic) terms of expected uncertainty, and advocate a theory for norepinephrine in terms of unexpected uncertainty. We suggest that norepinephrine reports the radical divergence of bottom-up inputs from prevailing top-down interpretations, to influence inference and plasticity. We illustrate this proposal using an adaptive factor analysis model.
Natural Dye from Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz Bark and Application on Silk Fabric by Using Pad-Batch Dyeing: A Study on Mordant Concentrations Efficiency

The dyeing and fastness properties of silk fabric dyed with natural dye extraction from the bark of Garcinia Dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz by the pad-batch process was studied. The effect of dyes at different mordant concentration levels on their colour strength was also investigated. Silk fabrics dyed with Garcinia Dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz bark extract showed a pale yellow shade, while those dyed with alum and stannous chloride bright yellow and light yellow colour, respectively. Silk substrates dyed with CuSO4 gave a yellowish green colour, while those dyed with FeSO4 had a dark brown colour. The fastness properties showed fair to good rating, whereas the colour fastness to perspiration was at a poor level.
Feature Identification from the Source Code of Product Variants

In order to migrate software products which are deemed similar into a product line, it is essential to identify the common features and the variations between the product variants. This can however be tedious and error-prone as it may involve browsing complex software and a lot of more or less similar variants. Fortunately, if arte facts of the product variants (source code files and/or models) are available, feature identification can be at least partially automated. In this paper, we thus propose a three-step approach to feature identification from source code of which the first two steps are automated.
Bioactivity Improvement of Forsterite-Based Scaffolds with nano-58S Bioactive Glass

Forsterite-based composite scaffolds with interconnected pore architecture were successfully manufactured via selective laser sintering. The nano-58S bioactive glass (BG) was added to forsterite for purpose of improving the bioactivity of the composite scaffolds. The effect of nano-58S BG contents on the biological behavior and mechanical properties was investigated. The results showed that the composite scaffolds could induce the formation of apatite compared with the pure forsterite scaffolds. Moreover, with increasing nano-58S BG, the scattered spherical apatite particles accumulated continuously and covered the whole surface. At last the apatite layer became sponge-like shape. The presence of apatite was confirmed with scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, MG-63 cells adhesion was enhanced with increase in the amount of the nano-58S BG. Besides, the maximum compressive strength was 43.9 ± 1.1 MPa when the nano-58S BG was 20.0 wt%. This study indicated that the composite scaffolds have a potential for bone tissue engineering.
Capacity Bounds and Exact Results for the Cognitive Z-Interference Channel

We study the discrete memoryless Z-interference channel where the transmitter of the pair that suffers from interference is cognitive. We first provide an outer bound on the capacity region of this channel. We then show that, when the channel of the transmitter-receiver pair that does not experience interference is deterministic and invertible, our proposed outer bound matches the best known inner bound. The obtained results imply that in the considered channel, superposition encoding at the noncognitive transmitter as well as Gel'fand-Pinsker encoding at the cognitive transmitter is needed in order to minimize the impact of interference. As a byproduct of the obtained capacity region, we obtain the capacity under the generalized Gel'fand-Pinsker setting where a transmitter-receiver pair communicates in the presence of interference noncausally known at the encoder.
Assessing Carotenoid Content in Plant Leaves with Reflectance Spectroscopy¶

Abstract Spectral reflectance of maple, chestnut and beech leaves in a wide range of pigment content and composition was investigated to devise a nondestructive technique for total carotenoid (Car) content estimation in higher plant leaves. Reciprocal reflectance in the range 510 to 550 nm was found to be closely related to the total pigment content in leaves. The sensitivity of reciprocal reflectance to Car content was maximal in a spectral range around 510 nm; however, chlorophylls (Chl) also affect reflectance in this spectral range. To remove the Chl effect on the reciprocal reflectance at 510 nm, a reciprocal reflectance at either 550 or 700 nm was used, which was linearly proportional to the Chl content. Indices for nondestructive estimation of Car content in leaves were devised and validated. Reflectances in three spectral bands, 510 ± 5 nm, either 550 ± 15 nm or 700 ± 7.5 nm and the near infrared range above 750 nm are sufficient to estimate total Car content in plant leaves nondestructively with a root mean square error of less than 1.75 nmol/cm2.
Handover schemes in satellite networks: state-of-the-art and future research directions

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites will work as an important component in future data communication networks. LEO satellites provide low end-toend delays and efficient frequency spectrum utilization, making them suitable for personal communication. However, due to high satellite speed, ongoing communication using LEO constellations experiences frequent handover. In this article we provide an up-to-date, comprehensive literature survey on proposed handover schemes for LEO satellite systems. We also present a detailed classification of handover schemes based on a common framework. We first classify the schemes into link-layer and network-layer handover schemes. Link-layer handover schemes are further classified into three categories: spotbeam handover schemes, satellite handover schemes, and ISL handover schemes. Spotbeam handover schemes are categorized based on channel capacity, handover guarantee, and handover prioritization techniques. Network-layer handover schemes are also classified depending on connection transfer strategies. Finally, we compare the handover schemes using different quality of service (QoS) criteria.
Customer exposure to MTBE, TAME, C6 alkyl methyl ethers, and benzene during gasoline refueling.

We studied customer exposure during refueling by collecting air samples from customers' breathing zone. The measurements were carried out during 4 days in summer 1996 at two Finnish self-service gasoline stations with "stage I" vapor recovery systems. The 95-RON (research octane number) gasoline contained approximately 2.7% methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), approximately 8.5% tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), approximately 3.2% C6 alkyl methyl ethers (C6 AMEs), and 0.75% benzene. The individual exposure concentrations showed a wide log-normal distribution, with low exposures being the most frequent. In over 90% of the samples, the concentration of MTBE was higher (range <0.02-51 mg/m3) than that of TAME. The MTBE values were well below the short-term (15 min) threshold limits set for occupational exposure (250-360 mg/m3). At station A, the geometric mean concentrations in individual samples were 3.9 mg/m3 MTBE and 2. 2 mg/m3 TAME. The corresponding values at station B were 2.4 and 1.7 mg/m3, respectively. The average refueling (sampling) time was 63 sec at station A and 74 sec at station B. No statistically significant difference was observed in customer exposures between the two service stations. The overall geometric means (n = 167) for an adjusted 1-min refueling time were 3.3 mg/m3 MTBE and 1.9 mg/m3 TAME. Each day an integrated breathing zone sample was also collected, corresponding to an arithmetic mean of 20-21 refuelings. The overall arithmetic mean concentrations in the integrated samples (n = 8) were 0.90 mg/m3 for benzene and 0.56 mg/m3 for C6 AMEs calculated as a group. Mean MTBE concentrations in ambient air (a stationary point in the middle of the pump island) were 0.16 mg/m3 for station A and 0.07 mg/m3 for station B. The mean ambient concentrations of TAME, C6 AMEs, and benzene were 0.031 mg/m3, approximately 0.005 mg/m3, and approximately 0.01 mg/m3, respectively, at both stations. The mean wind speed was 1.4 m/sec and mean air temperature was 21 degreesC. Of the gasoline refueled during the study, 75% was 95 grade and 25% was 98/99 grade, with an oxygenate (MTBE) content of 12.2%. ImagesFigure 1Figure 2Figure 3Figure 4
Role of Verbs in Document Analysis

We present results of two methods for assessing the event profile of news articles as a function of verb type. The unique contribution of this research is the focus on the role of verbs, rather than nouns. Two algorithms are presented and evaluated, one of which is shown to accurately discriminate documents by type and semantic properties, i.e. the event profile. The initial method, using WordNet (Miller et al. 1990), produced multiple cross-classification of articles, primarily due to the bushy nature of the verb tree coupled with the sense disambiguation problem. Our second approach using English Verb Classes and Alternations (EVCA) Levin (1993) showed that monosemous categorization of the frequent verbs in WSJ made it possible to usefully discriminate documents. For example, our results show that articles in which communication verbs predominate tend to be opinion pieces, whereas articles with a high percentage of agreement verbs tend to be about mergers or legal cases. An evaluation is performed on the results using Kendall's Tau. We present convincing evidence for using verb semantic classes as a discriminant in document classification.
Using query contexts in information retrieval

User query is an element that specifies an information need, but it is not the only one. Studies in literature have found many contextual factors that strongly influence the interpretation of a query. Recent studies have tried to consider the user's interests by creating a user profile. However, a single profile for a user may not be sufficient for a variety of queries of the user. In this study, we propose to use query-specific contexts instead of user-centric ones, including context around query and context within query. The former specifies the environment of a query such as the domain of interest, while the latter refers to context words within the query, which is particularly useful for the selection of relevant term relations. In this paper, both types of context are integrated in an IR model based on language modeling. Our experiments on several TREC collections show that each of the context factors brings significant improvements in retrieval effectiveness.
Shame and implicit self-concept in women with borderline personality disorder.

OBJECTIVE Shame is considered to be a central emotion in borderline personality disorder and to be related to self-injurious behavior, chronic suicidality, and anger-hostility. However, its level and impact on people with borderline personality disorder are largely unknown. The authors examined levels of self-reported shame, guilt, anxiety, and implicit shame-related self-concept in women with borderline personality disorder and assessed the association of shame with self-esteem, quality of life, and anger-hostility. METHOD Sixty women with borderline personality disorder completed self-report measures of shame- and guilt-proneness, state shame, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, quality of life, and clinical symptoms. Comparison groups consisted of 30 women with social phobia and 60 healthy women. Implicit shame-related self-concept (relative to anxiety) was assessed by the Implicit Association Test. RESULTS Women with borderline personality disorder reported higher levels of shame- and guilt-proneness, state shame, and anxiety than women with social phobia and healthy comparison subjects. The implicit self-concept in women with borderline personality disorder was more shame-prone (relative to anxiety-prone) than in women in the comparison groups. After depression was controlled for, shame-proneness was negatively correlated with self-esteem and quality of life and positively correlated with anger-hostility. CONCLUSIONS Shame, an emotion that is prominent in women with borderline personality disorder, is associated with the implicit self-concept as well as with poorer quality of life and self-esteem and greater anger-hostility. Psychotherapeutic approaches to borderline personality disorder need to address explicit and implicit aspects of shame.
Labeling schemes for vertex connectivity

This article studies labeling schemes for the vertex connectivity function on general graphs. We consider the problem of assigning short labels to the nodes of any <i>n</i>-node graph is such a way that given the labels of any two nodes <i>u</i> and <i>v</i>, one can decide whether <i>u</i> and <i>v</i> are <i>k</i>-vertex connected in <i>G</i>, that is, whether there exist <i>k</i> vertex disjoint paths connecting <i>u</i> and <i>v</i>. This article establishes an upper bound of <i>k</i><sup>2</sup>log <i>n</i> on the number of bits used in a label. The best previous upper bound for the label size of such a labeling scheme is 2<sup><i>k</i></sup>log <i>n</i>.
A Cell-Specific, Prenylation-Independent Mechanism Regulates Targeting of Type II RACs Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.005561.

The RHO proteins, which regulate numerous signaling cascades, undergo prenylation, facilitating their interaction with membranes and with proteins called RHO·GDP dissociation inhibitors. It has been suggested that prenylation is required for RHO function. Eleven RHO-related proteins were identified in Arabidopsis. Eight of them are putatively prenylated. We show that targeting of the remaining three proteins, AtRAC7, AtRAC8, and AtRAC10, is prenylation independent, requires palmitoylation, and occurs by a cell-specific mechanism. AtRAC8 and AtRAC10 could not be prenylated by either farnesyltransferase or geranylgeranyltransferase I, whereas AtRAC7 could be prenylated by both enzymes in yeast. The association of AtRAC7 with the plasma membrane in plants did not require farnesyltransferase or a functional CaaX box. Recombinant AtRAC8 was palmitoylated in vitro, and inhibition of protein palmitoylation relieved the association of all three proteins with the plasma membrane. Interestingly, AtRAC8 and a constitutively active mutant, Atrac7mV15, were not associated with the plasma membrane in root hair cells, whose elongation requires the localization of prenylated RHOs in the plasma membrane at the cell tip. Moreover, Atrac7mV15 did not induce root hair deformation, unlike its prenylated homologs. Thus, AtRAC7, AtRAC8, and AtRAC10 may represent a group of proteins that have evolved to fulfill unique functions.