Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Developmental Profile of H19 Differentially Methylated Domain (DMD) Deletion Alleles Reveals Multiple Roles of the DMD in Regulating Allelic Expression and DNA Methylation at the Imprinted H19/Igf2 Locus

ABSTRACT The differentially methylated domain (DMD) of the mouse H19 gene is a methylation-sensitive insulator that blocks access of the Igf2 gene to shared enhancers on the maternal allele and inactivates H19 expression on the methylated paternal allele. By analyzing H19 DMD deletion alleles H19ΔDMD and H19Δ3. 8kb-5′H19 in pre- and postimplantation embryos, we show that the DMD exhibits positive transcriptional activity and is required for H19 expression in blastocysts and full activation of H19 during subsequent development. We also show that the DMD is required to establish Igf2 imprinting by blocking access to shared enhancers when Igf2 monoallelic expression is initiated in postimplantation embryos and that the single remaining CTCF site of the H19ΔDMD allele is unable to provide this function. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that sequence outside of the DMD can attract some paternal-allele-specific CpG methylation 5′ of H19 in preimplantation embryos, although this methylation is not maintained during postimplantation in the absence of the DMD. Finally, we report a conditional allele floxing the 1.6-kb sequence deleted from the H19ΔDMD allele and demonstrate that the DMD is required to maintain repression of the maternal Igf2 allele and the full activity of the paternal Igf2 allele in neonatal liver.
“Chemical Imbalance”: A Clinical Non Sequitur

Objective: To discuss the impact on the depressed patient of being told that he or she is suffering from a “chemical imbalance”. Conclusions: This ‘explanation’ encourages a flight from self-reflection - for both patient and psychiatrist - and is likely to perpetuate the former's suffering and the latter's ignorance.
Consumer Perceptions of Iconicity and Indexicality and Their Influence on Assessments of Authentic Market Offerings

Although consumer demand for authentic market offerings has often been mentioned in consumer research, the meaning of the term “authentic” has not been sufficiently specified. Thus, some important differences among authentic market offerings have not been recognized or examined. This article uses Peirce's semiotic framework to distinguish between two kinds of authenticity—indexical and iconic. We identify the cues that lead to the assessment of each kind, and, based on data collected at two tourist attractions, we show that these cues can have a different influence on the benefits of consuming authenticity. Our results also contribute to an understanding of the negotiation of reality and fantasy as a part of consumption.
Synthesis, anticancer, and antibacterial activities of piplartine derivatives on cell cycle regulation and growth inhibition

A series of piplartine derivatives were synthesized via Baylis–Hillman reaction and evaluated for anticancer and antibacterial activities. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was examined in two different human tumor cell lines, IMR-32 and HeLa. The antibacterial activity was examined in Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results showed that compounds 2b, 2e, and 2j were found to be the most active compounds, which displayed line no cytotoxicity, but G2–M cell cycle arrest in tumor cells, and showed cytostatic effects in bacteria.
The Geometry of the Manifold of an Image Class and Its Application to Classification

The Problem: In [3], we address the classic problem of handwritten character recognition. That is, given some classlabeled training examples of images of handwritten characters, identify the class of each of a set of test examples to the greatest possible accuracy. For example, when given a particular image of the character “8”, identify it as such. On isolated single character test images, success rates of over 99 percent have been achieved on standard data sets, so one may question the need to continue addressing this problem. However, there are several good reasons to continue to work on this problem.
THE ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATION BETWEEN IL-6 174 G / C , IL-6 190 G / C , IL-6 572 G / C GENES POLYMORPHISMS AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS DISORDERS IN A CHILD POPULATION FROM ROMANIA

Background Nutritional disorders are plurifactorial diseases in which the genetic aspects have an important role near the lifestyle and dietary habits. The systemic inflammation and cytokines levels are much studied in the etipatogenity of these diseases. We aimed to assess the relation between IL6-174G/C,IL6-190T/C andIL6-572G/C genes polimorphisms and nutritional status in a group of pediatric patients. Methods The study included 385 patients: 173 malnourished, 102 obese and 110 controls in terms of genetic, biochemical and antropometric tests. Results For IL6-174G/Cgene, in obese, predominated of CG genotype (p=0.001); CC genotype was a protective factor, in malnourished, GG and CG genotypes (p=0.0001). Regarding IL6-190T/C gene, genotype CC was more frequent in obese (p=0.0001), in malnourished, CT heterozygotes (p=0.003), and TT genotype having protective function. Analysing IL6-572G/Cgene polimorphisms, CC genotype was more frequent in obese (p=0.0001), GG predominated in both malnourished and controls. BMI, MUAC, TST and albumine levels correlated with CC genotype of IL6-190 and IL6-572 genes in obese, while in malnourished, they correlated with GG and CG genotypes of IL6-174 and IL6-572 genes and with CT genotype of IL6-190 gene. Conclusion: Child nutritional disorders were more frequent associated with IL6-174 G allele carriers. The highest risk of developing obesity was found in C-carriers of IL6-572 gene; CC genotype of IL6-174 may be a protective factor for obesity, while IL6-190 TT genotype could have protective function for malnutrition. Further research would establish the role of certain gene constellations in nutritional status disorders.
Optimal Design of Wireless Power Transmission Links for Millimeter-Sized Biomedical Implants

This paper presents a design methodology for RF power transmission to millimeter-sized implantable biomedical devices. The optimal operating frequency and coil geometries are found such that power transfer efficiency (PTE) and tissue-loss-constrained allowed power are maximized. We define receiver power reception susceptibility (Rx-PRS) and transmitter figure of merit (Tx-FoM) such that their multiplication yields the PTE. Rx-PRS and Tx-FoM define the roles of the Rx and Tx in the PTE, respectively. First, the optimal Rx coil geometry and operating frequency range are identified such that the Rx-PRS is maximized for given implant constraints. Since the Rx is very small and has lesser design freedom than the Tx, the overall operating frequency is restricted mainly by the Rx. Rx-PRS identifies such operating frequency constraint imposed by the Rx. Secondly, the Tx coil geometry is selected such that the Tx-FoM is maximized under the frequency constraint at which the Rx-PRS was saturated. This aligns the target frequency range of Tx optimization with the frequency range at which Rx performance is high, resulting in the maximum PTE. Finally, we have found that even in the frequency range at which the PTE is relatively flat, the tissue loss per unit delivered power can be significantly different for each frequency. The Rx-PRS can predict the frequency range at which the tissue loss per unit delivered power is minimized while PTE is maintained high. In this way, frequency adjustment for the PTE and tissue-loss-constrained allowed power is realized by characterizing the Rx-PRS. The design procedure was verified through full-wave electromagnetic field simulations and measurements using de-embedding method. A prototype implant, 1 mm in diameter, achieved PTE of 0.56% ( -22.5 dB) and power delivered to load (PDL) was 224 μW at 200 MHz with 12 mm Tx-to-Rx separation in the tissue environment.
Response to Comment on: Beverly et al. Do Older Adults Aged 60–75 Years Benefit From Diabetes Behavioral Interventions? Diabetes Care 2013;36:1501–1506

We thank Trento et al. (1) for their interest in our recent article on the benefit of diabetes behavioral interventions for improving A1C in long-duration, poorly controlled older diabetic patients. Our article describes a secondary analysis of data from a three-arm, parallel-designed randomized controlled trial that tested the efficacy of a highly structured behavioral diabetes intervention via comparisons with standard group education and individual education (2). Thus, the original aim of the study was not to assess age differences in group versus individual education. Also, the study did not recruit adults aged 76 years and above, so the findings may not be representative for adults aged 76 years and …
A methodological approach to children's participation in urban planning

Experiments with children's planning in the European context indicate that, if the participation process is well‐structured, children and young people show striking competence in the analysis of environmental problems as well as in the formulation of new ideas. Many studies of children's participation are confined to a descriptive level. It is argued in the paper that the enhancement of children's participation in urban improvement, as that of adults, calls for a combination of normative and explanatory theories. Participatory projects also profit from an action‐research oriented design of implementation, based on a cogenerative learning model. This requires, in addition to traditional methods of data gathering and analysis, enabling techniques which assist in managing change and diversity of interests in terms of age, gender, class and ethnicity.
Reliability assessment of a microgrid distribution system with pv and storage

While microgrid distribution system technology is rapidly increasing, the importance of finding a way to evaluate the effect of adding renewable DGs on the overall grid reliability has become essential. Renewable energies resources are effective because they reduce environmental pollution and improve energy utilization efficiency and reliability, which makes them widely used in the network. In this paper, the impact of adding solar energy sources and energy storage to a microgrid distribution system will be investigated. Markov modeling is used to model the energy source and energy storage as well as to evaluate the overall reliability of the system. Roy Billinton Test System (RBTS) is used to evaluate different load and system indices, including System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI), System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), Customer Average Interruption Duration Index (CADI), Average System Unavailability Index (ASUI) and Energy Not Supplied (ENS).
Statistical Computing with R

This course was originally developed jointly with Benjamin Kedem and Paul Smith. It consists of modules as indicated on the Course Syllabus. These fall roughly into three main headings: (A). R (& SAS) language elements and functionality, including computer-science ideas; (B). Numerical analysis ideas and implementation of statistical algorithms, primarily in R; and (C). Data analysis and statistical applications of (A)-(B). The object of the course is to reach a point where students have some facility in generating statistically meaningful models and outputs. Wherever possible, the use of R and numerical-analysis concepts is illustrated in the context of analysis of real or simulated data. The assigned homework problems will have the same flavor. The course formerly introduced Splus, where now we emphasize the use of R. The syntax is very much the same for the two packages, but R costs nothing and by now has much greater capabilities. Also, in past terms SAS has been introduced primarily in the context of linear and generalized-linear models, to contrast its treatment of those models with the treatment in R. Students in this course have often had a separate and more detailed introduction to SAS in some other course, so in the present term we will not present details about SAS, in order to leave time for interesting data-analytic topics such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and multi-level modeling in R. Various public datasets will be made available for illustration, homework problems and data analysis projects, as indicated on the course web-page. The contents of these notes, not all of which are posted currently, and which will be augmented as the term progresses, are:
Spatial trigger waves: positive feedback gets you a long way

Trigger waves are a recurring biological phenomenon involved in transmitting information quickly and reliably over large distances. Well-characterized examples include action potentials propagating along the axon of a neuron, calcium waves in various tissues, and mitotic waves in Xenopus eggs. Here we use the FitzHugh-Nagumo model, a simple model inspired by the action potential that is widely used in physics and theoretical biology, to examine different types of trigger waves—spatial switches, pulses, and oscillations—and to show how they arise.
‘Click on Miaow!’: How Children of Three and Four Years Experience the Nursery Computer

This article reports the findings of an ecological, mixed-method study of the ways in which children aged three and four, from a variety of class and ethnic backgrounds, learn from the computer in their inner-urban nursery setting. In doing so, it acknowledges and contributes to the ongoing debate over the effects of information and communications technology (ICT) on young children's development and learning (both at home and at school), and explores the claims that are currently made for a positive role for ICT as a context for development in early childhood. The study was undertaken as part of a larger project, DATEC (Developmentally Appropriate Technology in Early Childhood), which is seeking to develop and disseminate exemplary uses of ICT with young children in a range of European settings. DATEC itself follows in the footsteps of an earlier project with European partners, CHAT (Children's Awareness of Technology), which launched a website for the exchange of research ideas and information in this field. Both DATEC and CHAT have aimed to develop cross-national (European) understandings of developmentally appropriate uses of technology, in a manner which parallels the work of the National Association for the Education of Young Children in the USA.
Coupling to a probe in a metal can by an electric dipole

We describe a method to compute the coupling of a signal, caused by an elementary dipole, to a load impedance terminating a coaxial guide whose center conductor protrudes into a conducting can. The can is a right circular cylindrical shell with a flat bottom through which protrudes the coax center conductor. The coax axis is the same as the cylinder axis and its outer conductor terminates at, and is electrically connected to, the can bottom. The can wall and bottom are taken to be vanishingly thin and they are perfect conductors, as are the inner and outer walls of the coaxial waveguide. To perform this computation directly is very difficult so we resort to a method that allows us to realize significant computational savings with no loss in generality. In principle, the approach developed to solve this problem is exact and rigorous. Of course, approximations are made but only when the resulting error is very small. The indirect approach adopted takes advantage of the reciprocity theorem and allows one to determine the signal at the coax terminal load from knowledge of the field radiated by the monopole-can structure under the condition that the excitation results from a current generator impressed at the terminal end of the coax. This scheme depends upon the formulation and solution of a simple integral equation.
Migrant Workers in South Korea: Between Strategic Ambivalence and Systematic Exploitation

Prior to the 1980s, the South Korean workplace was not reliant on migrant workers. However, roughly just before the Seoul Olympics of 1988 were held, there was a noticeable increase in the number of foreign workers in South Korea. From the 1980s onwards, the South Korean government and its exportdependent industries struggled with the rising cost of living in the country and the attendant rise in the wages of Korean workers, creating a need for migrant workers. This essay tackles the challenges faced by South Korea vis-a-vis its growing migrant worker population. Specifically, South Korea had to balance the need of its export-oriented industries to keep labor costs low by maintaining the wages (and other benefits) of migrant workers minimal and the pressures, both internally and externally, to limit exploitation of, and improve the working conditions for, these laborers. Keywords: Migrant workers, dirty, difficult and dangerous (3-D) jobs, labor shortage, trainees
The endometrium from the neonate to the adolescent

Abstract Background: Scientific data on the phenomenon of uterine bleeding in the neonate (NUB) began to appear over a century ago when angiogenesis and petechial haemorrhages in the endometrium of newborn female infants, as well as fluid blood within the uterine cavity, were first described. Methods: A thorough search of the 20th century literature was carried out to identify studies reporting data on NUB. Results: The neonatal endometrium, although not identical to the adult, shows cellular responses of the same type, and at birth the endometrium is proliferative in 2/3 of all newborns with the residual 1/3 showing secretory, decidual or menstrual features. In the latter neonates, the presence of a functional cervical obstruction may expose them to menstrual regurgitation including neonatal mesenchymal stem-like cells. This can represent the origin of early-onset endometriosis. At menarche, partial or full ontogenic progesterone resistance can occur in the majority. If persisting, adolescent pregnancy may be exposed to major obstetrical syndromes including preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. Conclusions: Increasing evidence indicates that the origin of major reproductive disorders in adolescents may lie in the degree of progesterone response in the neonate. The spectrum of progesterone response from resistance till decidualisation may explain the early occurrence of major obstetrical syndromes and endometriosis, respectively.
A decentralized linear motor for electromagnetic aircraft launch system

This paper propose a decentralized coreless linear motor for aircraft launch system design. To obtain high efficiency in high speed process, this motor has a decentralized coreless stator that runs the entire length of travel, and a plate with an array of permanent magnets is used as the secondary. Transient analysis of electromagnetic field is analyzed by specialized electromagnetic finite element analysis. The thrust and thrust ripple of the motor are highly affected by the motor structural parameters. Taking the electromagnetic thrust and thrust ripple as the optimization goal, the influences of the structural parameters are analyzed by finite element analysis method. Through rigorous transient electromagnetic field analyses, optimal electromagnetic parameters of a coreless linear motor are obtained. Experiment and simulation results show that the proposed coreless linear motor has good control characteristic, and in the high speed process, it has higher efficiency than linear motor with armature core and same thrust density.
Fear Conditioning and Extinction Differentially Modify the Intrinsic Excitability of Infralimbic Neurons

Extinction of conditioned fear is an active learning process involving inhibition of fear expression. It has been proposed that fear extinction potentiates neurons in the infralimbic (IL) prefrontal cortex, but the cellular mechanisms underlying this potentiation remain unknown. It is also not known whether this potentiation occurs locally in IL neurons as opposed to IL afferents. To determine whether extinction enhances the intrinsic excitability of IL pyramidal neurons in layers II/III and V, we performed whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in slices from naive, conditioned, or conditioned-extinguished rats. We observed that conditioning depressed IL excitability compared with slices from naive animals, as evidenced by a decreased number of spikes evoked by injected current and an increase in the slow afterhyperpolarizing potential (sAHP). Extinction reversed these conditioning-induced effects. Furthermore, IL neurons from extinguished rats showed increased burst spiking compared with naive rats, which was correlated with extinction recall. These changes were specific to IL prefrontal cortex and were not observed in prelimbic prefrontal cortex. Together, these findings suggest that IL intrinsic excitability is reduced to allow for expression of conditioning memory and enhanced for expression of extinction memory through the modulation of Ca2+-gated K+ channels underlying the sAHP. Inappropriate modulation of these intrinsic mechanisms may underlie anxiety disorders, characterized by exaggerated fear and deficient extinction.
Blackjack in the Kitchen: Understanding Online versus Casino Gambling

About $10 billion a year is spent by consumers worldwide on online gambling, and that number continues to grow. We present a qualitative, image-based study of 30 Las Vegas online and casino gamblers. By examining online gambling as a consumption experience, we examine what happens to consumption meaning as gambling moves away from a regulated physical space to an unregulated online space, one accessed from home. We explore the meaning of online gambling consumption to consumers and flesh out the social welfare implications of our findings. (c) 2008 by JOURNAL OF CONSUMER RESEARCH, Inc.
MULTIMODAL AFFECTIVE INTERACTION: A COMMENT ON MUSICAL ORIGINS

The rigors of establishing innateness and domain specificity pose challenges to adaptationist models of music evolution. In articulating a series of constraints, the authors of the target articles provide strategies for investigating the potential origins of music. We propose additional approaches for exploring theories based on exaptation. We discuss a view of music as a multimodal system of engaging with affect, enabled by capacities of symbolism and a theory of mind.
Matrix Theory Star Products from the Born-Infeld Action

We conjecture that the Sen-Seiberg limit of the Type IIA D2-brane action in a flat spacetime background can be resummed, at all orders in \alpha', to define an associative star product on the membrane. This star product can be independently constrained from the equivalent Matrix theory description of the corresponding M2-brane, by carefully analyzing the known BPS conditions. Higher derivative corrections to the Born-Infeld action on the IIA side are reinterpreted, after the Sen-Seiberg limit, as higher derivative corrections to a field theory on the membrane, which itself can be resummed to yield the known Matrix theory quantum mechanics action. Conversely, given the star product on the membrane as a formal power series in \alpha', one can constrain the higher derivative corrections to the Born-Infeld action, in the Sen-Seiberg limit. This claim is explicitly verified to first order. Finally, we also comment on the possible application of this method to the derivation of the Matrix theory action for membranes in a curved background.