Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In vivo assessment of coronary artery angioplasty and stent deployment from balloon pressure–volume data

This study assessed the clinical and practical value of angioplasty balloon pressure–volume data, obtained by a computer-controlled balloon inflation device, during standard percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures. Stent deployment was studied for 57 lesions in 34 patients. Angiographic predilation data were available in 9 patients. Vessel lumen improvement with pre-dilation was determined using the area difference under the pressure–volume curves of two consecutive inflations and compared to the angiographically determined lumen improvement. Stent opening pressure, the inflation volume needed to unfold the stent and the shape of the pressure–volume curve were assessed for differences between stent sizes (diameter, length) and manufacturer types. A Pearson correlation of 0.8 between the pressure–volume area difference and the angiographic lumen improvement was significant (p = 0.01), confirming that pressure–volume curves are useful in assessing lumen improvement after pre-dilation. There was a significant difference in stent opening pressure between stent types but not between different stent sizes (length, diameter). The inflation volume measured during the unfolding process of the stent correlated with the calculated stent lumen when deployed (Pearson correlation: 0.65, p = 0.001). The shape of the pressure–volume curve during stent deployment illustrated differences between different stent sizes (length, diameter) during inflation. Pressure–volume curves obtained from an automatic balloon inflation device have shown their usefulness in providing additional feedback about lumen improvement and the mechanical characteristics and quality of stent deployment.
Reliable monitoring of oil and gas pipelines using wireless sensor network (WSN) — REMONG

Development in the domain of embedded systems and communication technologies have created an industrial need to automate tasks and to render more control. Rapid advancement in data processing technologies, wireless communication, evolution of Micro-Electromechanical Systems, business intelligence, process planning and control has created a room for improvement in all areas of industrial practices related to oil and gas processing. Reliable monitoring whilst reporting to remote control rooms in a timely manner for oil and gas carrying pipelines creates a bigger challenge due to its lengthy span. In this paper, we investigate and propose an oil and gas pipeline monitoring solution based on wireless sensor networks with reliability focus on leakage sensing and wireless data communication. The system is developed indigenously and provides capability of reporting pipeline health related statistics stretched over large geographical areas.
Reconfigurable control system design for fault diagnosis and accommodation

The necessary and sufficient conditions for system online stability under catastrophic failures have been derived based upon the discrete-time Lyapunov stability theory. An online fault accommodation control framework is proposed to deal with the desired trajectory-tracking problem for systems suffering from various unknown and unanticipated catastrophic component failures. The approach is to continuously monitor the system performance and identify the system's current state by using an efficient online fault detection scheme based upon the best knowledge of the nominal system and nominal controller. Once a fault is detected, an artificial neural network is suggested as the online estimator to learn and approximate the unknown system failure dynamics. Effective control signals to accommodate the dynamic failures are then computed through the realization of the neural network estimator for the unknown failures based only upon the partially available information of the faults. Extensive simulation studies have been completed to validate the proposed online control framework.
Genomic Hotspots for Adaptation: The Population Genetics of Müllerian Mimicry in Heliconius erato

Wing pattern evolution in Heliconius butterflies provides some of the most striking examples of adaptation by natural selection. The genes controlling pattern variation are classic examples of Mendelian loci of large effect, where allelic variation causes large and discrete phenotypic changes and is responsible for both convergent and highly divergent wing pattern evolution across the genus. We characterize nucleotide variation, genotype-by-phenotype associations, linkage disequilibrium (LD), and candidate gene expression patterns across two unlinked genomic intervals that control yellow and red wing pattern variation among mimetic forms of Heliconius erato. Despite very strong natural selection on color pattern, we see neither a strong reduction in genetic diversity nor evidence for extended LD across either patterning interval. This observation highlights the extent that recombination can erase the signature of selection in natural populations and is consistent with the hypothesis that either the adaptive radiation or the alleles controlling it are quite old. However, across both patterning intervals we identified SNPs clustered in several coding regions that were strongly associated with color pattern phenotype. Interestingly, coding regions with associated SNPs were widely separated, suggesting that color pattern alleles may be composed of multiple functional sites, conforming to previous descriptions of these loci as “supergenes. ” Examination of gene expression levels of genes flanking these regions in both H. erato and its co-mimic, H. melpomene, implicate a gene with high sequence similarity to a kinesin as playing a key role in modulating pattern and provides convincing evidence for parallel changes in gene regulation across co-mimetic lineages. The complex genetic architecture at these color pattern loci stands in marked contrast to the single casual mutations often identified in genetic studies of adaptation, but may be more indicative of the type of genetic changes responsible for much of the adaptive variation found in natural populations.
In vivo imaging in the rabbit as a model for the study of ovulation-inducing factors

The study of factors responsible for eliciting ovulation in rabbits has been hampered by the lack of a suitable method of monitoring the ovaries in vivo. Ovarian imaging by ultrasound biomicroscopy was used in two experiments designed to determine the effects of seminal plasma on the ovulatory response in rabbits. In Experiment 1, female rabbits were group-housed and treated intramuscularly with saline, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), or seminal plasma of llamas or rabbits (n = 4 to 6 per group). Rabbits were euthanized eight days later to evaluate the ovarian response by ultrasound biomicroscopy ex situ. No differences among groups were detected in the proportion of rabbits that ovulated or in the number and size of corpora lutea. The high incidence of ovulation in the negative control group was unexpected, and confounded determination of an ovulation-inducing effect of seminal plasma. In Experiment 2, female rabbits were caged individually, and treated as in Experiment 1 (n = 5 to 7 per group). The ovarian response was evaluated in vivo by transcutaneous ultrasound biomicroscopy. Ovulation and formation of corpora lutea were detected only in rabbits given GnRH. A preovulatory surge in plasma luteinizing hormone concentration and a post-ovulatory rise in plasma progesterone concentration were detected only in rabbits treated with GnRH. Surgical translocation of the ovaries to a subcutaneous position enabled longitudinal assessment of the ovulatory response by ultrasound biomicroscopy. Results clearly documented the effect of physical/social interaction on ovulation in rabbits, and did not support the hypothesis that seminal plasma elicits ovulation in rabbits.
On the Road to Translation for PTSD Treatment: Theoretical and Practical Considerations of the Use of Human Models of Conditioned Fear for Drug Development

The use of quantitative, laboratory-based measures of threat in humans for proof-of-concept studies and target development for novel drug discovery has grown tremendously in the last 2 decades. In particular, in the ﬁ eld of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), human models of fear conditioning have been critical in shaping our theoretical understanding of fear processes and importantly, validating ﬁ ndings from animal models of the neural substrates and signaling pathways required for these complex processes. Here, we will review the use of laboratory-based measures of fear processes in humans including cued and contextual conditioning, generalization, extinction, reconsolidation, and reinstatement to develop novel drug treatments for PTSD. We will primarily focus on recent advances in using behavioral and physiological measures of fear, discussing their sensitivity as biobehavioral markers of PTSD symptoms, their response to known and novel PTSD treatments, and in the case of d-cycloserine, how well these ﬁ ndings have translated to outcomes in clinical trials. We will highlight some gaps in the literature and needs for future research, discuss bene ﬁ ts and limitations of these outcome measures in designing proof-of-concept trials, and offer practical guidelines on design and interpretation when using these fear models for drug discovery.
Thick-film strain sensor on textile

In this paper preliminary investigations about integrating strain sensor based on thick-film strain gauge into fabric. When solid particles start to collect on the fabric, as a consequence of the clogging of the filter meshes, the pressure increases and this increase causes the deformation of the fabric. Strain sensor consists of carbon based piezoresistive layers terminated with silver conducting lines. Structure is realised by thick-film technology. Gauge factor of piezorestive sensor and microstructure of printed layers were determined.
Ceftaroline fosamil: a new cephalosporin active against resistant Gram-positive organisms including MRSA

The growing prevalence of resistant Gram-positive pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus continues to pose a dilemma to clinicians. With strains developing reduced susceptibility to vancomycin, effective and well-tolerated antibiotics to combat these resistant pathogens are needed. Ceftaroline is a new parenteral cephalosporin that has been available in the USA for almost 2 years. Similar to other cephalosporins, it is well tolerated with mostly mild adverse events; however, compared with existing parenteral cephalosporins, ceftaroline has the unique attribute of being bactericidal against resistant Gram-positive aerobes including both hospital- and community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus, S. aureus strains with reduced susceptibility or complete resistance to vancomycin, and resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae including multidrug-resistant strains. Current indications in the USA and Europe include treatment of adults with complicated skin, skin-structure infections and community-acquired pneumonia. This paper will review the properties of ceftaroline, its spectrum of activity, clinical use, safety profile and future role.
Lysobacter solanacearum sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere of tomato.

A bacterial strain, designated T20R-70T, was isolated from tomato rhizosphere soil collected in Yecheon-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do in South Korea. Growth was observed within the ranges 10-40 °C (optimally at 28-30 °C), pH 7.0-8.0 (optimally at pH 7.0) and 0-1 % NaCl (optimally at 0 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence showed the highest similarities with those of Lysobacter hankyongensis KTCe-2T (98.7 %), Lysobacter brunescens KCTC 12130T (98.0 %), 'Lysobacter daecheongensis' Dae08 (97.2 %) and Lysobacter oligotrophicus 107-E2T (97.1 %). The phylogenetic tree showed that strain T20R-70T formed a clade with Lysobacterhankyongensis KTCe-2T and Lysobacterbrunescens KCTC 12130T. The dominant fatty acids (>10 %) were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, iso-C17 : 1ω9c and summed feature 3 (including iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or iso-C16 : 1ω7c). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The major respiratory quinone was Q-8. DNA-DNA hybridization data revealed that strain T20R-70T had a hybridization value of 42±4 % (mean±sd) to the most closely related species of the genus Lysobacter. The DNA G+C content was 63.0 mol%. The physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic data allowed the discrimination of the new isolate from its phylogenetic relatives. Strain T20R-70T is thus considered to be a representative of a novel species of the genus Lysobacter, for which the name Lysobactersolanacearum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is T20R-70T (=KACC 18656T=NBRC 111881T).
MRI in Crohn's disease

Technological developments have extended the role of MRI in the evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract. The potential of MRI to evaluate disease activity in Crohn's disease has been investigated extensively, as MRI has intrinsic advantages over other techniques, including noninvasiveness and the absence of ionizing radiation. For perianal fistulizing disease MRI has become a mainstay in evaluation of disease, as localization and extent of disease can be very well appreciated using both T2‐weighted and T1‐weighted sequences, fat suppression, and intravenous contrast medium. Imaging of the small bowel and colon in Crohn's disease is more complicated due to bowel peristalsis and respiratory movement. However, using fast breathhold sequences and intravenous spasmolytic medication, images of good diagnostic quality can be acquired. To obtain sufficiently distended bowel, which in our estimation is a prerequisite for evaluation of the bowel, MR enteroclysis can be performed. However, applicability of different oral contrast media has been studied, as a noninvasive method for bowel distension would be preferable. Abdominal MRI is a valuable imaging technique for evaluation of luminal, transmural, and extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn's disease as degree of disease activity, presence of luminal pathology (e.g., stenoses), and extraintestinal manifestations of disease (e.g., abscesses, fistulas) can be accurately assessed. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005;22:1–12. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nuclear Export of the Yeast mRNA-binding Protein Nab2 Is Linked to a Direct Interaction with Gfd1 and to Gle1 Function*

Nuclear export of mRNA is mediated by interactions between soluble factors and nuclear pore complex (NPC) proteins. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Nab2 is an essential RNA-binding protein that shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The mechanism for trafficking of Nab2-bound mRNA through the NPC has not been defined. Gle1 is also required for mRNA export, and Gle1 interactions with NPC proteins, the RNA helicase Dbp5, and Gfd1 have been reported. Here we report that Nab2, Gfd1, and Gle1 associate in a complex. By using immobilized recombinant Gfd1, Nab2 was isolated from total yeast lysate. A similar biochemical assay with immobilized recombinant Nab2 resulted in coisolation of Gfd1 and Gle1. A Nab2-Gfd1 complex was also identified by coimmunoprecipitation from yeast lysates. In vitro binding assays with recombinant proteins revealed a direct association between Nab2 and Gfd1, and two-hybrid assays delineated Gfd1 binding to the N-terminal Nab2 domain. This N-terminal Nab2 domain is distinct from its RNA binding domains suggesting Nab2 could bind Gfd1 and RNA simultaneously. As Nab2 export was blocked in a gle1 mutant at the restrictive temperature, we propose a model wherein Gfd1 serves as a bridging factor between Gle1 and Nab2-bound mRNA during export.
Aneurysms at Nonbranching Sites in the Supraclinoid Portion of the Internal Carotid Artery: Internal Carotid Artery Trunk Aneurysms

OBJECTIVEAneurysms at nonbranching sites in the supraclinoid internal carotid artery (ICA), known as blood blister-like aneurysms or ICA anterior or dorsal wall aneurysms, are not well understood. To clarify this clinical entity, 7408 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage who were treated during a 5-year period were analyzed. METHODSForty-eight patients had aneurysms that were intraoperatively confirmed to be located at a nonbranching site in the supraclinoid portion of the ICA. Neuroradiological and clinicopathological features and outcomes were studied. RESULTSThe aneurysms were divided into the “blister type,” with a blood blister-like configuration and fragile walls, and the “saccular type,” with a saccular configuration and a relatively firm neck, like ordinary berry aneurysms. The most frequent origin was the anteromedial wall for both types. ICA dissection was associated only with the blister type, and hypertension was more frequent with the blister type (P = 0.0978). The preoperative conditions of the patients were the same, but the outcomes for patients with blister-type aneurysms were worse, because of frequent intra- and postoperative aneurysmal bleeding. Saccular-type aneurysms were safely clipped. Treatment of blister-type aneurysms by clipping on wrapping material achieved good results, but ICA trapping (P = 0.0952), clipping (P = 0.0146), and wrapping (P = 0.0110) were associated with much worse results. CONCLUSIONBlister-type and saccular-type aneurysms have different shapes and wall characteristics. The saccular type can be treated by clipping, whereas the blister type requires clipping on wrapping material. ICA trunk aneurysms may be a better designation to express the diversity of these aneurysms, rather than ICA blood blister-like or anterior or dorsal wall aneurysms.
Valproate embryopathy: Clinical and cognitive profile in 5 siblings

Valproate embryopathy is a well recognized syndrome caused by prenatal exposure to the anticonvulsant valproic acid (Depakote). We report five half‐siblings with the same mother (four different fathers) who all have valproate embryopathy. Valproic acid was the sole anticonvulsant in all five pregnancies, with doses ranging from 500 to 2,000 mg per day. All children were examined by a clinical geneticist and developmental pediatrician, and had formal developmental testing. Mean birth weight at term was 2,900 g (range: 2,400–3,400 g). Common features in the five children included: flat, broad nasal bridge (5/5), hypoplastic midface (4/5), apparent hypertelorism/telecanthus (4/5), smooth philtrum (4/5), thin upper lip (5/5), long thin tapering fingers (4/5), hypoplastic 5th toenails (2/5), and irregularly placed toes (2/5). Less frequent features were micro/brachycephaly (2/5), cleft palate (1/5), duplication cyst of small intestine (1/5), and hemangioma (1/5). None had neural tube defect. Neuropsychologic testing of the three children older than 4 years of age showed cognitive ability in the low normal or borderline range (mean IQ = 83; range: 75–86), with significantly lower scores in adaptive behavior and motor skills. Study of this family offers insight into the potentially high risk of valproate embryopathy in exposed pregnancies, and affords a unique opportunity to study the variability of expression and cognitive profile of the syndrome within one family. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chromosomal localization, gene structure, and expression pattern of DDAH1: comparison with DDAH2 and implications for evolutionary origins.

Endogenously produced asymmetrically methylated arginine residues are competitive inhibitors of all three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). The enzyme dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) specifically hydrolyzes these asymmetrically methylated arginine residues to citrulline and methylamines. Previously we have proposed that regulation of asymmetric methylarginine concentration by DDAH may provide a novel mechanism for the regulation of NOS activity in vivo. Recently we reported the cloning of human DDAH and identified a novel human DDAH isoform (DDAH I and DDAH II, respectively). Here we report that the DDAH1 gene maps to chromosome 1p22 and confirm that DDAH2 maps to the MHC III region of chromosome 6p21.3. Extensive analysis of the distribution of DDAH1 and DDAH2 mRNA in 50 human tissues indicates differential expression of DDAH isoforms in brain regions, in immune cells, and during development. DDAH2 expression predominates in highly vascularized tissues that express the endothelial NOS isoform and in immune tissues that can express iNOS. Whereas DDAH2 is expressed at relatively high levels in all fetal tissues examined, DDAH1 expression varies little between fetal and adult tissues. The chromosomal localization of the DDAHs is consistent with gene duplication, and consistent with this, comparison of the gene structures indicates that the intron/exon organization is highly conserved. Phylogenetic analysis of DDAH sequences from diverse species suggests that DDAH gene duplication occurred prior to the emergence of bony fish some 400 million years ago. Overall the data suggest that DDAH2 may be the more ancient of the two genes.
Improvement of psychic and somatic symptoms in adult patients with generalized anxiety disorder: examination from a duloxetine, venlafaxine extended-release and placebo-controlled trial

Background This study examined the efficacy and tolerability of duloxetine and venlafaxine extended-release (XR) treatment for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), with a secondary focus on psychic and somatic symptoms within GAD. Method The design was a 10-week, multi-center, double-blind placebo-controlled study of duloxetine (20 mg or 60–120 mg once daily) and venlafaxine XR (75–225 mg once daily) treatment. Efficacy was measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), which includes psychic and somatic factor scores. Tolerability was measured by occurrence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and discontinuation rates. Results Adult out-patients (mean age 42.8 years; 57.1% women) with DSM-IV-defined GAD were randomly assigned to placebo (n=170), duloxetine 20 mg (n=84), duloxetine 60–120 mg (n=158) or venlafaxine XR 75–225 mg (n=169) treatment. Each of the three active treatment groups had significantly greater improvements on HAMA total score from baseline to endpoint compared with placebo (p=0.01–0.001). For the HAMA psychic factor score, both duloxetine treatment arms and venlafaxine XR demonstrated significantly greater improvement compared with placebo (p=0.01–0.001). For the HAMA somatic factor score, the mean improvement in the duloxetine 60–120 mg and venlafaxine XR groups was significantly greater than placebo (p⩽0.05 and p⩽0.01 respectively), whose mean improvement did not differ from the duloxetine 20 mg group (p=0.07). Groups did not differ in study discontinuation rate due to adverse events. Conclusions Duloxetine and venlafaxine treatment were each efficacious for improvement of core psychic anxiety symptoms and associated somatic symptoms for adults with GAD.