Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between physical activity levels and physical fitness of young (15-17 ages)

The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between physical activity levels and physical fitness of young people (aged 15-17). In total, 200 students participated in this study voluntarily. Physical activity levels were determined by the application of International Physical Activity Questionnaire to the participants. Body composition was also determined by the Body Mass Index calculation. V sit - reach test, 30 seconds sit-up test, 20 meters sprint, 1 mile run and walk test, standing long jump and medicine ball throw tests. The MET scores were calculated for the determination of physical activity levels. The relation with physical fitness was determined by the Pearson correlation test (p<0.05). It was found that the male was physically more active than the female, and the physical activity levels decreased as the age of the participants grow. In conclusion, it can be said that the physical activity level and physical fitness are correlated.
Camera-aided human navigation: Advances and challenges

We examine the use of visual navigation techniques for improving human navigation and localization in GPS-denied environments. While many advances have been made in navigation techniques using stereo and monocular motion estimation, significant hurdles exist for a practical system, including size, weight, power, and cost limitations. Humans often move and rotate faster and with more complex motions than robots, therefore requiring increased processing speed and robustness and the use of specialized algorithms. Systems for long-range navigation in previously unmapped environments must deal with error drift. Monocular systems face the additional issue of scale drift, since the relative scale must be estimated repeatedly. Furthermore, the orientation of the system relative to the frame-of-reference must be initialized accurately. We have evaluated these issues using a simulator and discuss possible solutions.
Content Matters: Neuroimaging Investigation of Brain and Behavioral Impact of Televised Anti-Tobacco Public Service Announcements

Televised public service announcements are video ads that are a key component of public health campaigns against smoking. Understanding the neurophysiological correlates of anti-tobacco ads is an important step toward novel objective methods of their evaluation and design. In the present study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the brain and behavioral effects of the interaction between content (“argument strength,” AS) and format (“message sensation value,” MSV) of anti-smoking ads in humans. Seventy-one nontreatment-seeking smokers viewed a sequence of 16 high or 16 low AS ads during an fMRI scan. Dependent variables were brain fMRI signal, the immediate recall of the ads, the immediate change in intentions to quit smoking, and the urine levels of a major nicotine metabolite cotinine at a 1 month follow-up. Whole-brain ANOVA revealed that AS and MSV interacted in the inferior frontal, inferior parietal, and fusiform gyri; the precuneus; and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dMPFC). Regression analysis showed that the activation in the dMPFC predicted the urine cotinine levels 1 month later. These results characterize the key brain regions engaged in the processing of persuasive communications and suggest that brain fMRI response to anti-smoking ads could predict subsequent smoking severity in nontreatment-seeking smokers. Our findings demonstrate the importance of the quality of content for objective ad outcomes and suggest that fMRI investigation may aid the prerelease evaluation of televised public health ads.
The Design and Implementation of Mondrian

The Haskell dialect Mondrian is designed using the explicit philosophy of keeping things simple and consistent. Mon-drian generalizes some of Haskell's (too) complex constructs, and adds a few simple new ones. This results in a small, intuitively comprehensible language with an object oriented avor. In this paper, we will present the design decisions we made for Mondrian. Furthermore, some of Mondrian's language constructs will be deened by translations into Haskell.
Video quality prediction in the presence of MAC contention and wireless channel error

This paper proposes an integrated model to predict the quality of video, expressed in terms of mean square error (MSE) of the received video frames, in an IEEE 802.1 le wireless network. The proposed system takes into account contention at the MAC layer, wireless channel error, queueing at the MAC layer, parameters of different 802.1 le access categories (ACs), and video characteristics of different H.264 data partitions (DPs). To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first system that takes these network and video characteristics into consideration to predict video quality in an IEEE 802.1 le network. The proposed system consists of two components. The first component predicts the packet loss rate of each H.264 data partition by using a multi-dimensional discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC) coupled to a M/G/l queue. The second component uses these packet loss rates and the video characteristics to predict the MSE of each received video frames. We verify the accuracy of our combination system by using discrete event simulation and real H.264 coded video sequences.
A Model of the Level of E-commerce in SMEs

E-commerce provides both opportunities and risks to SMEs. The objective of this study is to identify the state of use of e-commerce and the factors that influence the level to which SMEs use e-commerce. A research model is postulated that contains eight potential independent variables and hypotheses under three broad categories - technological, organizational and environmental characteristics. The dependent variable, level of e-commerce, is measured as the degree of adoption of e-commerce by the firm. The model is tested with data from 156 firms. The results of data analysis indicate that five factors in the conceptual model are important determinants that will influence the level of adoption of e-commerce activity in SMEs.
Compression in cache design

Increasing cache capacity via compression enables designers to improve performance of existing designs for small incremental cost, further leveraging the large die area invested in last level caches. This paper explores the compressed cache design space with focus on implementation feasibility. Our compression schemes use companion line pairs -- cache lines whose addresses differ by a single bit -- as candidates for compression. We propose two novel compressed cache organizations: the companion bit remapped cache and the pseudoassociative cache. Our cache organizations use fixed-width physical cache line implementation while providing a variablelength logical cache line organization, without changing the number of sets or ways and with minimal increase in state per tag. We evaluate banked and pairwise schemes as two alternatives for storing compressed companion pairs within a physical cache line. We evaluate companion line prefetching (CLP), a simple yet effective prefetching mechanism that works in conjunction with our compression scheme. CLP is nearly pollution free since it only prefetches lines that are compression candidates. Using a detailed cycle accurate IA-32 simulator, we measure the performance of several third-level compressed cache designs simulating a representative collection of workloads. Our experiments show that our cache compression designs improve IPC for all cache-sensitive workloads, even those with modest data compressibility. The pairwise pseudo-associative compressed cache organization with companion line prefetching is the best configuration, providing a mean IPC improvement of 19% for cache-sensitive workloads, and a best-case IPC improvement of 84%. Finally, our cache designs exhibit negligible overall IPC degradation for cache-insensitive workloads.
Strangers and friends in caves: an exploratory study of collaboration in networked IPT systems for extended periods of time

This study examines pairs of subjects who used networked immersive projection technology systems to collaborate on five tasks over an extended period of time (210+ minutes). The aim was to compare zero history and mutual history partners, to examine how their experience changed over time, and compare their experience of different tasks. Analysis yields a number of interesting findings for these comparisons. Overall, the study shows that users could collaborate effectively over an extended period of time, but that understanding the intentions and activities of the other person remained a hindrance.
Do Women Derogate Attractive Others as a Relationship Maintenance Strategy? Examining the Role of Commitment and Conception Risk

DO WOMEN DEROGATE ATTRACTIVE OTHERS AS A RELATIONSHIP MAINTENANCE STRATEGY? EXAMINING THE ROLE OF COMMITMENT AND CONCEPTION RISK Name: Smith, Nicholette Taylor University of Dayton Advisor: Dr. Erin O'Mara Women experience a change in mate preferences across the ovulatory cycle. At high conception risk when ovulation is likely, women prefer men who display cues of genetic fitness and therefore can ostensibly pass on the best genes to their offspring (Gangestad & Thornhill, 1998). This change in mate preferences during periods of high and low conception risk can be detrimental for long-term relationships. Women are more likely to engage in extrapair relationships during ovulation (Bellis & Baker, 1990) and they are more attracted to physically attractive alternative partners when they are ovulating, particularly when their partner is physically unattractive (Larson, Pillsworth, & Haselton, 2012). Research finds that compared to single men, attached men will derogate extrapair women when the extrapair women are ovulating (Miller & Maner, 2010). Evidence from the current study suggests that, similarly, women who are highly iii committed to their partners derogate physically attractive men at high conception risk. Results demonstrate that single women and women in a relationship did not rate photos of physically attractive men differently. However, own commitment and conception risk interacted such that women with high own commitment rated men less physically attractive at high conception risk compared to low conception risk. High perceived partner constraint commitment was associated with high ratings of the physically attractive alternative partner. The findings suggest that for women, own commitment is a more important factor than relationship status that motivates women to derogate physically attractive alternative partners. However, when women perceive their partner to be constrained to the relationship, women will be more open to seeking out physically attractive alternative options, following the dual-mating strategy (Pillsworth & Haselton, 2006). Findings are discussed in context of the contemporary relationship literature on evolutionary motivations in mate selection and relationship commitment.
A pseudorandom postfix OFDM modulator - semi-blind channel estimation and equalization

This paper details a new orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM) modulator based on the use of a pseudorandom postfix (PRP)-OFDM and discusses low-complexity equalization and channel estimation/tracking architectures. The main property of this new modulation scheme is the ability to estimate and track the channel variations semi-blindly using order-one statistics of the received signal. Compared with known cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) pilot-symbol-assisted modulation (PSAM) schemes, the pilot overhead is avoided: The channel estimation is performed based on the exploitation of pseudorandomly weighted postfix sequences replacing the guard interval contents of CP-OFDM. PRP-OFDM is shown to be of advantage if the target application requires 1) a minimum pilot overhead, 2) low-complexity channel tracking (e.g., high mobility context), and 3) adjustable receiver complexity/performance trade-offs (available due to the similarities of PRP-OFDM to the zero-padded OFDM (ZP-OFDM) modulation scheme) without requiring any feedback loop to the transmitter.
Unstable F-Actin Specifies the Area and Microtubule Direction of Cell Expansion in Arabidopsis Root Hairs Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.007039.

Plant cells expand by exocytosis of wall material contained in Golgi-derived vesicles. We examined the role of local instability of the actin cytoskeleton in specifying the exocytosis site in Arabidopsis root hairs. During root hair growth, a specific actin cytoskeleton configuration is present in the cell's subapex, which consists of fine bundles of actin filaments that become more and more fine toward the apex, where they may be absent. Pulse application of low concentrations of the actin-depolymerizing drugs cytochalasin D and latrunculin A broadened growing root hair tips (i.e., they increased the area of cell expansion). Interestingly, recovery from cytochalasin D led to new growth in the original growth direction, whereas in the presence of oryzalin, a microtubule-depolymerizing drug, this direction was altered. Oryzalin alone, at the same concentration, had no influence on root hair elongation. These results represent an important step toward understanding the spatial and directional regulation of root hair growth.
Lack of Electricity Production by Pelobacter carbinolicus Indicates that the Capacity for Fe(III) Oxide Reduction Does Not Necessarily Confer Electron Transfer Ability to Fuel Cell Anodes

ABSTRACT The ability of Pelobacter carbinolicus to oxidize electron donors with electron transfer to the anodes of microbial fuel cells was evaluated because microorganisms closely related to Pelobacter species are generally abundant on the anodes of microbial fuel cells harvesting electricity from aquatic sediments. P. carbinolicus could not produce current in a microbial fuel cell with electron donors which support Fe(III) oxide reduction by this organism. Current was produced using a coculture of P. carbinolicus and Geobacter sulfurreducens with ethanol as the fuel. Ethanol consumption was associated with the transitory accumulation of acetate and hydrogen. G. sulfurreducens alone could not metabolize ethanol, suggesting that P. carbinolicus grew in the fuel cell by converting ethanol to hydrogen and acetate, which G. sulfurreducens oxidized with electron transfer to the anode. Up to 83% of the electrons available in ethanol were recovered as electricity and in the metabolic intermediate acetate. Hydrogen consumption by G. sulfurreducens was important for ethanol metabolism by P. carbinolicus. Confocal microscopy and analysis of 16S rRNA genes revealed that half of the cells growing on the anode surface were P. carbinolicus, but there was a nearly equal number of planktonic cells of P. carbinolicus. In contrast, G. sulfurreducens was primarily attached to the anode. P. carbinolicus represents the first Fe(III) oxide-reducing microorganism found to be unable to produce current in a microbial fuel cell, providing the first suggestion that the mechanisms for extracellular electron transfer to Fe(III) oxides and fuel cell anodes may be different.
Topographic Distribution, Frequency, and Intensity Dependence of Stimulus-Specific Adaptation in the Inferior Colliculus of the Rat

The ability to detect unexpected sounds within the environment is an important function of the auditory system, as a rapid response may be required for the organism to survive. Previous studies found a decreased response to repetitive stimuli (standard), but an increased response to rare or less frequent sounds (deviant) in individual neurons in the inferior colliculus (IC) and at higher levels. This phenomenon, known as stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA) has been suggested to underpin change detection. Currently, it is not known how SSA varies within a single neuron receptive field, i.e., it is unclear whether SSA is a unique property of the neuron or a feature that is frequency and/or intensity dependent. In the present experiments, we used the common SSA index (CSI) to quantify and compare the degree of SSA under different stimulation conditions in the IC of the rat. We calculated the CSI at different intensities and frequencies for each individual IC neuron to map the neuronal CSI within the receptive field. Our data show that high SSA is biased toward the high-frequency and low-intensity regions of the receptive field. We also find that SSA is better represented in the earliest portions of the response, and there is a positive correlation between the width of the frequency response area of the neuron and the maximum level of SSA. The present data suggest that SSA in the IC is not mediated by the intrinsic membrane properties of the neurons and instead might be related to an excitatory and/or inhibitory input segregation.
A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF THE DOMAIN OF EVIDENCE-BASED DESIGN *

Purpose: Adherence is a critical factor for success for both the health of the customer and the financial outcomes of the firm. Central to the success of adherence behavior is the co-productive role of the customer which is determined by service perceptions as well as individual attributes. Based on social cognition theory, this paper examines the factors that influence past adherence behavior and whether past adherence behavior predicts future intentions.
Sequential Sampling in Noisy Multi-Objective Evolutionary Optimization

Most real-world optimization problems behave stochastically. Evolutionary optimization algorithms have to cope with the uncertainty in order to not loose a substantial part of their performance. There are diﬀerent types of uncertainty and this thesis studies the type that is commonly known as noise and the use of resampling techniques as countermeasure in multi-objective evolutionary optimization. Several diﬀerent types of resampling techniques have been proposed in the literature. The available techniques vary in adaptiveness, type of information they base their budget decisions on and in complexity. The results of this thesis show that their performance is not necessarily increasing as soon as they are more complex and that their performance is dependent on optimization problem and environment parameters. As the sampling budget or the noise level increases the optimal resampling technique varies. One result of this thesis is that at low computing budgets or low noise strength simple techniques perform better than complex techniques but as soon as more budget is available or as soon as the algorithm faces more noise complex techniques can show their strengths. This thesis evaluates the resampling techniques on standard benchmark functions. Based on these experiences insights have been gained for the use of resampling techniques in evolutionary simulation optimization of real-world problems.
Gender-associated violence at a women's hospital in Nairobi, Kenya.

OBJECTIVE To describe the pattern of gender-associated violence amongst adult survivors. DESIGN Descriptive case analysis of prospectively collected data. SETTING The gender violence and recovery centre (GVRC), a shelter and violence treatment facility for the gender-associated violence at the Nairobi Women's hospital (NWH). SUBJECTS Data on 663 consecutive adult patients who presented to GVRC between February 2003 and April 2004 were evaluated. RESULTS The patients age ranged from 18 to 74 years (mean 27.7 years). Four hundred and eight patients (61.5%) presented following sexual assault. Most of assaults were perpetrated at night. A stranger was the assault perpetrator in 75.1% and 2% of sexual and non-sexual assault respectively. An intimate partner was the perpetrator in majority (86.5%) of nonsexual violence. Most physical injuries were minor bruises and swellings. The rate of positive spermatozoa from high vaginal swabs was only 15.9% in cases of sexual assault. Sexual assault was significantly associated with single status of the victim and assault by more than one assailant. CONCLUSIONS Violence against women is a common public health problem in the city of Nairobi. Women are vulnerable both in and out of the home. More efforts, including massive public education, are needed to protect this vulnerable population.
Social navigation model based on human intention analysis using face orientation

We propose a social navigation model that allows a robot to navigate in a human environment according to human intentions, in particular during a situation where the human encounters a robot and he/she wants to avoid, unavoid (maintain his/her course), or approach the robot. Avoiding, unavoiding, and approaching trajectories of humans are classified based on the face orientation on a social force model and their predicted motion. The proposed model is developed based on human motion and behavior (especially face orientation and overlapping personal space) analysis in preliminary experiments. Our experimental evidence demonstrates that the robot is able to adapt its motion by preserving personal distance from passers-by, and approaching persons who want to interact with the robot. This work contributes to the future development of a human-robot socialization environment.
Imaging of z ∼ 2 QSO Host Galaxies with the Hubble Space Telescope

We report on deep imaging in two filters with the planetary camera of the Hubble Space Telescope of five QSOs at redshift of ∼2, with a range of optical and radio luminosity. The observations included a suite of point-spread function (PSF) observations that were used to construct new PSF models, described elsewhere by Dumont et al. The new PSF models were used to remove the QSO nucleus from the images. We find that the host galaxies have resolved flux of the order of 10% of the QSO nuclei and are generally luminous and blue, indicating active star formation. While most have clearly irregular morphologies, the bulk of the flux can be modeled approximately by an R1/4 law. However, all host galaxies also have an additional approximately exponential luminosity profile beyond a radius of about 0. ″8, as also seen in ground-based data with larger telescopes. The QSOs all have a number of nearby faint blue companions that may be young galaxies at the QSO redshift. We discuss implications for evolution of the host galaxies, their spheroidal populations, and central black holes.
Six new candidate ultracompact X-ray binaries

Ultracompact X-ray binaries (UCXBs) appear able to sustain accretion onto the compact accretor at rates lower than in wider X-ray binaries. This may be understood by the smaller accretion disks in UCXBs: a lower X-ray luminosity suffices to keep a disk completely ionized through irradiation and, thus, keep the viscosity at a sufficiently high level to allow effective transport of matter to the compact object. We employ this distinguishing factor on data from RXTE and BeppoSAX to identify six new candidate UCXBs, thus increasing the population by one quarter. The candidates are drawn from the population of persistently accreting and type-I X-ray bursting lowmass X-ray binaries. The X-ray bursts establish the low-mass X-ray binary nature and provide a handle on the accretion rate. We find that the low accretion rates are supported by the long burst recurrence times and the hard X-ray spectra of the persistent emission as derived from the 2nd INTEGRAL catalog of soft γ-ray sources. We discuss the peculiar light curves of some new UCXB candidates.