Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automated fringe-pattern extrapolation for patterned surface profiling by interference microscopy with Fourier transform analysis

Fringe pattern demodulation by the Fourier transform method associated with fringe extrapolation by the Gerchberg algorithm was investigated in details for its application to fast profiling of surfaces with small patterns and/or cuttings. For such surfaces, spectral leakage is a major concern as it corrupts data in a large part of the areas of interest if extrapolation is not carried out. Simulated fringe patterns or real interferograms recorded on micromechanical devices by interference microscopy were used for this evaluation. Different filter shapes in the Fourier space were tested for the determination of valid areas in the interferogram, for the fringe extrapolation stage and for the final phase demodulation. It is demonstrated that filters with a shape adapted to the modulation sidelobe in the Fourier space allow automated measurements without user expertise while maintaining a high accuracy. Some practical rules for the choice of extrapolation margins, fringe density, fringe extrapolation iteration number and other parameters are clarified to reach accurate and fast automated measurements.
Trimmed trees and embedded particle systems

In a supercritical branching particle system, the trimmed tree consists of those particles which have descendants at all times. We develop this concept in the superprocess setting. For a class of continuous superprocesses with Feller underlying motion on compact spaces, we identify the trimmed tree, which turns out to be a binary splitting particle system with a new underlying motion that is a compensated h-transform of the old one. We show how trimmed trees may be estimated from above by embedded binary branching particle systems.
Stability and Long-Time Behavior of a Pendulum with an Interior Cavity Filled with a Viscous Liquid

We show asymptotic, exponential stability of the equilibrium configuration, $\smallL$, of a hollow physical pendulum with its inner part entirely filled with a viscous liquid, corresponding to the center of mass being in the lowest position. Moreover, we prove that every weak solution with initial data possessing finite total initial energy and belonging to a "large" open set, becomes eventually smooth and decays exponentially fast to the equilibrium $\smallL$. These results are obtained also as byproduct of a "generalized linearization principle" that we show for evolution equations with non-empty "slow" center manifold.
Vibrations of an elastic structure with shunted piezoelectric patches: efficient finite element formulation and electromechanical coupling coefficients

This article is devoted to the numerical simulation of the vibrations of an elastic mechanical structure equipped with several piezoelectric patches, with applications for the control, sensing and reduction of vibrations. At first, a finite element formulation of the coupled electromechanical problem is introduced, whose originality is that provided a set of non‐restrictive assumptions, the system's electrical state is fully described by very few global discrete unknowns: only a couple of variables per piezoelectric patches, namely (1) the electric charge contained in the electrodes and (2) the voltage between the electrodes. The main advantages are (1) since the electrical state is fully discretized at the weak formulation step, any standard (elastic only) finite element formulation can be easily modified to include the piezoelectric patches (2) realistic electrical boundary conditions such that equipotentiality on the electrodes and prescribed global charges naturally appear (3) the global charge/voltage variables are intrinsically adapted to include any external electrical circuit into the electromechanical problem and to simulate shunted piezoelectric patches. The second part of the article is devoted to the introduction of a reduced‐order model (ROM) of the problem, by means of a modal expansion. This leads to show that the classical efficient electromechanical coupling factors (EEMCF) naturally appear as the main parameters that master the electromechanical coupling in the ROM. Finally, all the above results are applied in the case of a cantilever beam whose vibrations are reduced by means of a resonant shunt. A finite element formulation of this problem is described. It enables to compute the system EEMCF as well as its frequency response, which are compared with experimental results, showing an excellent agreement. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Existence and applications of Ricci flows via pseudolocality

We prove the short-time existence of Ricci flows on complete manifolds with scalar curvature bounded below uniformly, Ricci curvature bounded below by a negative quadratic function, and with almost Euclidean isoperimetric inequality holds locally. In particular, this result applies to manifolds with both Ricci curvature and injectivity radius bounded from below. We also study the short-time behaviour of these solutions which may have unbounded curvature at the initial time, and provide some applications. A key tool is Perelman's pseudolocality theorem.
Non-Autonomous Inertial Manifold Reduction

Techniques are developed for decoupling dissipative differential equations. The approach considered is based upon obtaining a sufficient gap in the time dependent linear portion of the equation that corresponds to the linear variational equation. This is done using an orthogonal change of variables that has proven useful in the computation of Lyapunov to decompose the differential equation in terms of slow and fast variables. Numerically this is accomplished in our implementation using smooth, time dependent Householder reflectors. The the nonlinear decoupling transformation or inertial manifold is obtained by solving a boundary value problem (BVP) which allows for a Newton iteration as opposed to the traditional Lyapunov-Perron approach via a fixed point iteration. Finally, the efficacy of the technique is shown using some challenging examples.
On the number of generalized Sidon sets

A set A of nonnegative integers is called a Sidon set if there is no Sidon 4-tuple, i.e., ( a, b, c, d ) in A with a + b = c + d and { a, b }∩{ c, d } = ø;. Cameron and Erdős proposed the problem of determining the number of Sidon sets in [ n ]. Results of Kohayakawa, Lee, Rodl and Samotij, and Saxton and Thomason have established that the number of Sidon sets is between $${2^{\left( {1.16 + o\left( 1 \right)} \right)\sqrt n }}$$ and $${2^{\left( {6.442 + o\left( 1 \right)} \right)\sqrt n }}$$ . An α -generalized Sidon set in [ n ] is a set with at most α Sidon 4-tuples. One way to extend the problem of Cameron and Erdős is to estimate the number of α -generalized Sidon sets in [ n ]. We show that the number of ( n / log^4 n )-generalized Sidon sets in [ n ] with additional restrictions is $${2^{\Theta \left( {\sqrt n } \right)}}$$ . In particular, the number of ( n /log^5 n )-generalized Sidon sets in [ n ] is $${2^{\Theta \left( {\sqrt n } \right)}}$$ . Our approach is based on some variants of the graph container method.
GaNAsSb material for ultrafast microwave photoconductive switching application

We report a photoconductive switch with GaNAsSb as active material for microwave switching application. The GaNAsSb layer was grown by molecular beam epitaxy in conjunction with a rf plasma-assisted nitrogen source and a valved antimony cracker source. The 0.5 μm thick GaNAsSb photoabsorption layer contains 3.5% of N and 9% of Sb. The switch exhibits pulsed response with full width at half maximum of 30 ps and photoresponse of up to 1.6 μm. In microwave switching application, the switch shows ON/OFF ratio of 11 dB at 1 GHz and response up to 15 GHz.
Horseshoe and periodic orbits for quasi-periodic forced systems

In this paper, we investigate chaotic phenomena on quasi-periodic forced systems. We introduce the notion of random periodic orbits and random horseshoe for a quasi-periodic forced system $(M\times \Omega,\phi)$ by viewing $\phi$ as a random dynamical system over the metric dynamical system $(\Omega,\theta)$. When $\phi$ is transitive and Anosov on fibers, we prove that $\phi$ has an abundance of random periodic points, Spectral Decomposition Theorem and existence of random horseshoes.
Towards the fundamental spectrum of the quantum Yang-Mills theory

In this work we focus on the quantum Einstein-Yang-Mills sector quantized by the methods of loop quantum gravity. We point out the improved UV behavior of the coupled system as compared to pure quantum Yang-Mills theory on a fixed, classical background spacetime as was considered in a seminal work by Kogut and Susskind. Furthermore, we develop a calculational scheme by which the fundamental spectrum of the quantum Yang-Mills Hamiltonian can be computed in principle and by which one can make contact with the Wilsonian renormalization group, possibly purely within the Hamiltonian framework. Finally, we comment on the relationship of the fundamental spectrum to that of pure Yang-Mills theory on a (flat) classical spacetime.
Metastable energy strata in numerical discretizations of weakly nonlinear wave equations

The quadratic nonlinear wave equation on a one-dimensional torus with small initial values located in a single Fourier mode is considered. In this situation, the formation of metastable energy strata has recently been described and their long-time stability has been shown. The topic of the present paper is the correct reproduction of these metastable energy strata by a numerical method. For symplectic trigonometric integrators applied to the equation, it is shown that these energy strata are reproduced even on long time intervals in a qualitatively correct way.
Smart Charging and Parking of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles in Microgrids Considering Renewable Energy Sources

With the current trend of transforming a centralized power system into a decentralized one for efficiency, reliability, and environment reasons, the concept of microgrid that integrates a variety of distributed energy resources (DERs) on the distribution network is gaining popularity. In this paper, we investigate the smart charging and parking of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in microgrids with renewable energy sources (RES), such as solar panels, in grid-connected mode. To address the uncertainties associated with RES power output and PHEVs charging condition in the microgrid, we propose a two-stage scenario-based stochastic optimization approach with the objective of providing a proper scheduling for parking and charging of PHEVs that minimizes the average total operating cost while maintaining the reliability of the microgrid. A case study is conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Extensive simulation results show that the microgrid can minimize the operating cost and ensure its reliability.
Feasibility Analysis of Ensemble Sensitivity Computation in Turbulent Flows

In chaotic systems, such as turbulent flows, the solutions to tangent and adjoint equations exhibit an unbounded growth in their norms. This behavior renders the instantaneous tangent and adjoint solutions unusable for sensitivity analysis. The Lea-Allen-Haine ensemble sensitivity (ES) estimates provide a way of computing meaningful sensitivities in chaotic systems by utilizing tangent/adjoint solutions over short trajectories. In this paper, we analyze the feasibility of ES computations under optimistic mathematical assumptions on the flow dynamics. Furthermore, we estimate upper bounds on the rate of convergence of the ES method in numerical simulations of turbulent flow. Even at the optimistic upper bound, the ES method is computationally intractable in each of the numerical examples considered.
Induced time-dependent polarization and the Cherenkov effect

We review the idea of the generation of time-dependent elemental dipoles in a material medium due to a point charge moving with constant velocity inside it. We obtain that if the velocity of the point charge is greater than the velocity of light in such medium, that is nu >c/ square root epsilon , there is a coherent superposition of the radiation emitted by each elemental dipole; we identify the total coherent radiation as the Cherenkov radiation.
Influence of optical polarization on the improvement of light extraction efficiency from reflective scattering structures in AlGaN ultraviolet light-emitting diodes

The improvement in light extraction efficiency from reflective scattering structures in AlGaN ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UVLEDs) emitting at ∼270 nm is shown to be influenced by optical polarization. Three UVLEDs with different reflective scattering structures are investigated and compared to standard UVLEDs without scattering structures. The optical polarization and therefore the direction of light propagation within the various UVLEDs are altered by changes in the quantum well (QW) thickness. The improvement in light extraction efficiency of the UVLEDs with reflective scattering structures increases, compared to the UVLEDs without scattering structures, as the fraction of emitted light propagating parallel to the QW plane increases. Additionally, the light extraction efficiency increases as the average distance to the reflective scattering structures decreases.
Hydrodynamical simulations of relativistic jets

We have performed simulations of relativistic pressure-matched slab jets with beam Lorentz factors in the range 4. 1 to 22.4 using a modern high-resolution shock-capturing technique based on an approximate relativistic Riemann solver. Our results show that the basic structural components found in Newtonian simulations, i.e. beam, cocoon, working surface and bow shock, are also present in relativistic jets. We further find that the head of the jet propagates at relativistic speed which depends on the beam velocity in a very non-linear way, and that relativistic jets seem to be more stable than Newtonian ones. Finally, our preliminary results strongly support the necessity of a more detailed study of the morphology and dynamics of relativistic jets
Matrix Algebras and Semidefinite Programming Techniques for Codes

This PhD thesis is concerned with SDP bounds for codes: upper bounds for (non)-binary error correcting codes and lower bounds for (non)-binary covering codes. The methods are based on the method of Schrijver that uses triple distances in stead of pairs as in the classical Delsarte bound. The main topics discussed are: 1) Block-diagonalisation of matrix *-algebras, 2) Terwilliger-algebra of the nonbinary Hamming scheme (including an explicit block-diagonalisation), 3) SDP-bounds for (nonbinary) error-correcting codes and covering codes (including computational results), 4) Discussion on the relation with matrix-cuts, 5) Computational results for Affine caps.
Gossez’s skew linear map and its pathological maximally monotone multifunctions

In this note, we give a generalization of Gossez's example of a maximally monotone multifunction such that the closure of its range is not convex, using more elementary techniques than in Gossez's original papers. We also discuss some new properties of Gossez's skew linear operator and its adjoint. While most of this paper uses elementary functional analysis, we correlate our results with those obtained by using the Stone-Cech compactification of the integers.
Cosmetic surgery and the $SL(2,\mathbb{C})$ Casson invariant for two-bridge knots

We consider the cosmetic surgery problem for two-bridge knots in the 3-sphere. It is seen that all the two-bridge knots at most 9 crossings other than $9_{27} = S(49,19)=C[2,2,-2,2,2,-2]$ admits no purely cosmetic surgery pairs. Then we show that any two-bridge knot of the Conway form $[2x,2,-2x,2x,2,-2x]$ with $x \ge 1$ admits no cosmetic surgery pairs yielding homology 3-spheres, where $9_{27}$ appears for $x=1$. Our advantage to prove this is using the $SL(2,\mathbb{C})$ Casson invariant.
Application of the τ‐function theory of Painlevé equations to random matrices: PV, PIII, the LUE, JUE, and CUE

With 〈·〉 denoting an average with respect to the eigenvalue PDF for the Laguerre unitary ensemble, the object of our study is $$ \tilde{E}_N(I;a,\mu) := \bigg\langle \prod_{l=1}^N \chi_{(0,\infty)\setminus I}^{(l)} (\lambda - \lambda_l)^\mu \bigg \rangle $$ for I = (0, s) and I = (s, ∞), where χ I(l) = 1 for λl ∈ I and χ I(l) = 0 otherwise. Using Okamoto's development of the theory of the Painlevé V equation, it is shown that ẼN(I; a, μ) is a τ‐function associated with the Hamiltonian therein, and so can be characterized as the solution of a certain second‐order second‐degree differential equation, or in terms of the solution of certain difference equations. The cases μ = 0 and μ = 2 are of particular interest, because they correspond to the cumulative distribution and density function, respectively, for the smallest and largest eigenvalue. In the case I = (s, ∞), ẼN(I; a, μ) is simply related to an average in the Jacobi unitary ensemble, and this in turn is simply related to certain averages over the orthogonal group, the unitary symplectic group, and the circular unitary ensemble. The latter integrals are of interest for their combinatorial content. Also considered are the hard‐edge and soft‐edge scaled limits of ẼN(I; a, μ). In particular, in the hard‐edge scaled limit it is shown that the limiting quantity Ẽhard((O, s); a, μ) can be evaluated as a τ‐function associated with the Hamiltonian in Okamoto's theory of the Painlevé III equation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Convergence of the alternating split Bregman algorithm in infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces

We prove results on weak convergence for the alternating split Bregman algorithm in infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces. We also show convergence of an approximate split Bregman algorithm, where errors are allowed at each step of the computation. To be able to treat the infinite dimensional case, our proofs focus mostly on the dual problem. We rely on Svaiter’s theorem on weak convergence of the Douglas-Rachford splitting algorithm and on the relation between the alternating split Bregman and DouglasRachford splitting algorithms discovered by Setzer. Our motivation for this study is to provide a convergent algorithm for weighted least gradient problems arising in the hybrid method of imaging electric conductivity from interior knowledge (obtainable by MRI) of the magnitude of one current.
Canonical immunity and genericity

Whereas the usual notions of immunity -- e.g., immunity, hyperimmunity, etc. -- are associated with Cohen genericity, canonical immunity, as introduced by Beros, Khan and Kjos-Hanssen, is associated instead with Mathias genericity. Specifically, every Mathias generic is canonically immune and no Cohen 2-generic computes a canonically immune set.
Education , job and return migration of French University graduates

Using French surveys of six generations between 1998 and 2013, we examine the migration of university students and graduates by describing their evolving spatial patterns. Trivariate sequential and truncated probit model indicates highly educated youths tend to stay in the same region for higher education. Although they remain the majority profile, NonMigrants decrease in proportion over the generations. The increase in mobility is partly captured by the rise in Return Migrants. It demonstrates the relational anchorage of graduates and the risk for territories to engage in attractivity policies. This research work benefited from the financial support of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, CPER Insect. Citation: Bastien Bernela and Liliane Bonnal, (2022) ''Education, job and return migration of French University graduates'', Economics Bulletin, Volume 0, Issue 0, pages 275-287 Contact: Bastien Bernela bastien.bernela@univ-poitiers.fr, Liliane Bonnal liliane.bonnal@univ-poitiers.fr. Submitted: March 16, 2022. Published: November 16, 2022.
Therapeutic Evaluation of the Antioxidant Capacity of Flavonoid-Rich Seed Extract of Buchholzia coriacea Engler (Capparaceae)

: Inflammation is a complex process frequently associated with pain and fever, involving increased vascular permeability, increased protein denaturation, and alteration of the membrane. The clinical symptoms such as fever, aches, and pains associated with several diseases are directly or indirectly due to inflammatory disorders. Most biological proteins lose their biological activities or functions when denatured. An evergreen shrub which is distributed in African countries including Nigeria, among others, belonging to the family of Capparidaceae has been used in traditional medicine as a valuable alternative therapy in the treatment of Malaria, asthma and cough, diarrhoea, rheumatism, ulcers, worm infection, diabetes, hypertension, psychiatric disorders, and impotence. This work studies the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant performance of a flavonoid-rich extract of Buchholzia coriacea Engler (Capparaceae) seed. The in vitro anti-inflammatory studies for the extract were done using protease inhibition activity, membrane stabilization, and albumin denaturation inhibition assays, and antioxidant activities were performed by determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), and 2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity assays as well as total antioxidant capacity. The ethanol flavonoid-rich extract of B. coriacea seed was effective in inhibiting the denaturation of albumin in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory ability of the extract on protease increased significantly ( p < 0.05) with increased concentration. The flavonoid-rich extract of the seeds of B. coriacea like indomethacin significantly ( p < 0.05) protected the human erythrocyte membrane against lyses induced by hypotonic solution when compared to the control. The plant extract at different concentrations inhibited significantly ( p < 0.05) oxidative stress caused by H s O 2 , DPPH, NO radicals when compared to the control. The fla-vonoid-rich extract was found to possess radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities as determined by albumin denaturation, protease inhibition, membrane stabilization, hydrogen perox-ides (H 2 O 2 ) 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging activities, and total antioxidant capacity data. Further research on isolating, purifying, and characterizing the particular class of flavonoids responsible for the aforementioned activities may be undertaken, and they may be incorporated into existing anti-inflammatory herbal compositions to improve their efficacy.
Administrative Eﬀects of Chinese Arrivals in Taiwan - the Travel Agencies’ Prospects

A sophisticated administrative design that considers the number of arrivals, tourism quality, economic contributions, and social beneﬁts is an essential strategy for sustainable tourism. Taiwan’s thoughtful and comprehensive design for managing the Chinese inbound market to maintain tourism quality, as well as prevent excessive arrivals and low-price groups, provides a strong model. This study introduces importance performance analysis, impact-range performance analysis, and impact-asymmetry analysis to conduct empirical research on Taiwan’s tourism administration. By examining travel agencies’ satisfaction with various policies, and implementing their suggestions, the policies in Taiwan’s case explain theoretical results where countermeasures that diverge from the expectations of the travel agencies are prioritized for reconsideration. The prioritizing analysis also provides decision makers and authorities with information to improve the quality of tourism administration. Finally, this study illustrates that travel agencies are likely to support important policies. Accompanied by such support, the countermeasures can then achieve the administrative goals.