Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IL-2/TKD-Activated NK Cells Human Carcinomas in SCID/Beige Mice with Control of Metastasized Pancreatic

Pancreatic carcinoma, the ﬁfth leading cause of cancer-related mortality, frequently presents the stress-inducible heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) on the cell membrane. Therefore, we explored an immunological approach exploiting the efﬁcacy of NK cells activated either with low dose IL-2 plus Hsp70-peptide TKDNNLLGRFELSG (TKD; IL-2/TKD) or with IL-2 alone in a xenograft pancreatic carcinoma model. An orthotopic injection of either 2.5 (cid:1) 10 6 or 1 (cid:1) 10 6 Colo357 cells in SCID/beige mice resulted in rapidly growing primary tumors and the development of hepatic metastases on days 5 and 10, respectively. In line with results of in vitro migration assays, these NK cells also had the capacity to inﬁltrate pancreatic tumors and liver metastases in tumor-bearing mice. In vitro, a combined treatment of NK cells with IL-2/TKD but neither of the two treatments alone causes a profound increase in the lytic capacity against Hsp70 membrane-positive Colo357 cells. In vivo, a single i.v. injection of these NK cells on day 15 post-tumor inoculation resulted in a signiﬁcant reduction in tumor weights, a delayed onset of hepatic metastases, and a prolonged life expectancy. In contrast, identically treated T cells and NK cells treated with IL-2 alone were signiﬁcantly less efﬁcient in controlling pancreatic tumors and metastases. Most importantly, four repeated i.v. infusions of IL-2/TKD-activated NK cells eradicated primary tumors and prevented hepatic metastases. In summary, our mouse data have implicated that NK cells preactivated with IL-2/TKD might provide a novel therapeutic tool for the treatment of aggressive, Hsp70-positive pancreatic carcinoma.
Promising Therapeutics with Natural Bioactive Compounds for Improving Learning and Memory — A Review of Randomized Trials

Cognitive disorders can be associated with brain trauma, neurodegenerative disease or as a part of physiological aging. Aging in humans is generally associated with deterioration of cognitive performance and, in particular, learning and memory. Different therapeutic approaches are available to treat cognitive impairment during physiological aging and neurodegenerative or psychiatric disorders. Traditional herbal medicine and numerous plants, either directly as supplements or indirectly in the form of food, improve brain functions including memory and attention. More than a hundred herbal medicinal plants have been traditionally used for learning and memory improvement, but only a few have been tested in randomized clinical trials. Here, we will enumerate those medicinal plants that show positive effects on various cognitive functions in learning and memory clinical trials. Moreover, besides natural products that show promising effects in clinical trials, we briefly discuss medicinal plants that have promising experimental data or initial clinical data and might have potential to reach a clinical trial in the near future.
Biological Learning and Control: Shadmehr and Mussa-ivaldi 6 Learning to Make Accurate Predictions

In the previous couple of chapters we suggested that as the brain sends a motor command to the muscles, it also predicts the sensory consequences. When the sensory system reports on the consequences, the brain combines the observations with its own predictions to form an estimate of the state of the body and the environment. However, combining predictions with observations makes sense only if the predictions are unbiased estimates of the observations. If trial after trial there are persistent differences between predictions and observations, that is, the brain " s predictions are consistently biased, then there is something wrong in these predictions. Occasionally, our predictions are quite wrong. For example, one of us (RS) has a couple of teenagers at home who occasionally raid the refrigerator, drinking the milk carton almost dry. On more than one occasion picking up the carton has resulted in his hand jerking upward. The brain predicted the carton to be heavier than reality, and so the motor commands produced an unexpected motion, resulting in a difference between the expected sensory feedback and the observed quantities. Combining a biased prediction with an unbiased sensory feedback results in a biased estimate of state, something that we would generally want to avoid. Therefore, it seems rational that the brain should somehow change its predictions so that eventually the predictions agree with what the sensory system reports. How should it do this? That is, how should the brain go about improving its predictions? The problem of forming unbiased predictions of sensory observations is one of the fundamental problems of learning (the other is learning how to produce useful motor commands, something that we will tackle in a few chapters). For example, when you have formed an accurate representation, i.e., an internal model, of your arm, you can apply motor commands to it and (on average) accurately predict the sensory consequences of those commands in terms of what you will see and what you will feel. An internal model is simply a map that mimics – in its relation between input and output signals-certain aspects of reality in which the brain is immersed. For example, if you hold a golf club in your hand, learning an accurate internal model of your arm and the club allows you to apply motor commands and produce a motion of the club, and the ball, that agrees with your predictions. Professional athletes are particularly …
Differences in impact factor across fields and over time

The impact factor of an academic journal for any year is the number of times the average article published in that journal in the previous two years are cited in that year. From 1994-2005, the average impact factor of journals listed by the ISI has been increasing by an average of 2.6 percent per year. This paper documents this growth and explores its causes.
Reference Dependent Preferences and Overbidding in Private and Common Value Auctions

This paper proposes a tractable model of reference dependent preferences to explain overbidding in private and common value auctions. It is assumed that the reference point is proportional to the value of the object and that losses are weighed more heavily than gains in the utility function. Equilibrium bidding strategies are derived for first- and second-price private and common value auctions. It is found that this model fits the data of all experiments analyzed better than a standard risk neutral model; moreover, it explains overbidding in private value auctions better than other alternatives. These results suggest that reference dependence, among other factors, might play a role in the widespread tendency of subjects to overbid in most experimental auctions.
A novel hybrid method for reliability prediction of high-power LED luminaires

High power light-emitting diode (LED) has gained more and more applications because LED has many advantages over traditional light sources. However, it is extremely time-consuming and complicated to evaluate the LED luminaires reliability, in particular, the luminous degradation. In this work, a novel hybrid method, which combines the thermal modeling and temperature measurement, is proposed to estimate the junction temperature of high-power LEDs at system level, and therefore predict the lifetime of LED luminaries based on the known LM-80 data. First, a reference point at a luminaire system is selected to measure the temperature in the operating mode. Secondly, thermal modeling is performed to predict the reliable relationship between the junction temperature and the temperature of reference point (measuring point). Finally, the relationship between lifetime and junction temperature provided by the known LM-80 database is applied to estimate the LED luminaire's lifetime. To validate the predicted junction temperature, the thermal measuring experiments combined with the thermal tester T3ster are also implemented in this paper. It is found that, after a luminaire operates to a steady situation, the temperature difference between the reference point and the junction point reaches a constant, which indicates the thermal resistance between them can be simplified as a stable value. Therefore, the junction temperature of a luminaire can be obtained based on the temperature measurement of a measuring point and the thermal modeling. The lifetime predicted with the proposed method meets closely the lifetime estimated by vendor. The proposed method is expected to be very useful in future LED luminaire qualification test specification, instead of running lumen maintenance test to extrapolate the lifetime.
Improved marker-controlled watershed segmentation with local boundary priors

Separating touching or overlapping objects in an image is one of the most challenging image processing operations. The marker-controlled watershed segmentation is often applied to resolve this problem and shows effectiveness and practicability. But the boundaries of the objects can sometimes be imprecise or completely wrong, which will significantly affect the subsequent image quantification. This paper describes a new technique that incorporates local boundaries of the touching or overlapping objects to improve the segmentation of marker-controlled watershed segmentation algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed technique can significantly improve the separation of touching or overlapping objects and produce precise boundaries.
Introduction to Network Flow Problems

1 Basic definitions and properties Definition 1.1. A flow networkis a directed graphD = (V,E) with two distinguished vertices and t called thesourceand thesink, respectively. Moreover, each arc (u, v) ∈ E has a certaincapacity c(u, v) ≥ 0 assigned to it. If (u, v) / ∈ E (including pairs of the form(u, u)), we assumec(u, v) = 0. In this note, we shall restrict ourselves to the case where capacities are all rational numbers. Some of the capacities might be∞. Definition 1.2. Let G = (V,E) be a graph or a digraph. Let X be a proper non-empty subset of V . Let X̄ := V −X, then the pair(X, X̄) forms a partition ofV , called acutof G. The set of edges of G with one end point in each of X andX̄ is called anedge cutof G, denoted by[X, X̄]. Definition 1.3. A source/sink cut of a networkD is a cut(S, T ) with s ∈ S andt ∈ T . (Note that, implicitly T = S̄.) Definition 1.4. A flow for a networkD = (V,E) is a functionf : V × V → R, which assigns a real number to each pair (u, v) of vertices. A flowf is called afeasible flowif it satisfies the following conditions: (i) 0 ≤ f(u, v) ≤ c(u, v),∀(u, v) ∈ E. These are thecapacity constraints . (If a capacity is∞, then there is no upper bound on the flow value on that edge.) (ii) For all v ∈ V − {s, t}, the total flow intov is the same as the total flow out of v: ∑
Effect of growth duration to the electrical properties of Zn doped SnO2 thin film toward humidity sensor application

This technical paper investigates the electrical properties of the Zinc doped SnO2 (Zn-doped SnO2) nanostructures that have been prepared by the immersion method by different period of immersion process. The experiment was conducted in 3 different time constraint. The thin films were characterized by using current-voltage (I-V) measurement (Keithley 2400). The results analyzed were for time duration of 6, 12 and 24 hour. At initial stage, the substrate which is a glass was deposited by ZnO using RF magnetron sputtering method. Zn has been doped by SnO2 using immersion process. The optical and structural properties has been characterized using photoluminescence (PL) measurement (Horiba Jobin Yvon-DU420A-OE-325 system) and field emmision scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) (JEOL JSM 6701F) respectively. The sensor were characterized using I-V measurement (Keithley 2400) in a humidity chamber (ESPEC SH-261) and the chamber has been set at same room temperature (25°C) but different percent relative humidity (RH %) at 40 RH% to 90 RH. The highest sensitivity was resulted at 24 hours immersion process. PL measurement revealed one peak at about between range red emission for all Zn-doped SnO2 thin film while for ZnO catalyst reveal two peaks at UV region (380 nm) and visible range (600 nm). FESEM image show the possible growth of nanoparticle and nanocube Zn-doped SnO2 growth on the nucleation site of ZnO catalyst.
Ways Out of Poverty: Diffusing Best Practices and Creating Capabilities - Perspectives on Policies for Poverty Reduction

Fundamentally, poverty reduction is about bringing growth processes to poor areas. Because poor areas can benefit from technical and organizational innovations made elsewhere in the world, it is possible today to create productive jobs faster and in greater quantity than ever before. The puzzle is what helps spread such"best practices. "Saving, investment, education, resources, and new technology are all needed-and fairly easy to obtain. What is hard to obtain are the institutions that allow these factors of production to be combined and translated into productive job creation. Firms are the key vehicles that spread best practices and productive jobs to areas where poor people live. Because we can never be sure which firm will be successful, it is necessary that new firms can enter markets, that substandard firms are allowed to fail, and that good firms face few barriers to growth. This is the definition of competition, and competition is what selects good firms and thus drives the spread of best practice and productive jobs. Governments need to provide the framework in which capable firms can emerge. Yet, the right mix of state activity and how it best interacts with firms are not fully understood. Some selection mechanism, which allows for policy experiments and selects successful ones, is valuable for national, provincial, and local governments. Thus competition among jurisdictions and firms is an integral part of dynamic social systems that hold promise for creating wealth and ending poverty.
Sodium Excretion and Racial Differences in Ambulatory Blood Pressure Patterns

The influence of Na+ excretion and race on casual blood pressure and ambulatory blood pressure patterns was examined in a biracial sample of healthy, normotensive children and adolescents (10–18 years; n=140). The slopes relating 24-hour urinary Na+ excretion to systolic blood pressure were different for both black and white subjects for casual blood pressure (p<0.001) and blood pressure during sleep (p<0.03). For casual blood pressure, the slope was significant for black subjects (β=0.17;p<0.001) but not for white subjects. For blood pressure during sleep, the slope was again significant for black subjects (β=0.08; p<0.0l) but not for white subjects. Na+ excretion was also related to awake levels of systolic blood pressure for black subjects (β=0.08, r=0.36; p<0.01), although the slopes for both black and white subjects were not significantly different. Further analyses indicated the results were not due to racial differences in 24-hour urinary K+ excretion. However, plasma renin activity was marginally related to Na+ excretion in white subjects (r=0.22; p<0.06) but not black subjects, a finding that is consistent with previous studies. Na+ excretion was not associated with diastolic blood pressure or heart rate in either group under any condition. The results of this study support research that has demonstrated a stronger relation between Na+ handling and casual blood pressure in black subjects and extend these findings to blood pressure while the subject is both awake and asleep.
RFID In Mobile Supply Chain Management Usage

The main aim of supply chain management is to produce, distribute, logistics and deliver goods and equipment in right location, right time, right amount to satisfy costumers, with minimum time and cost waste. So implementing techniques that reduce project time and cost, and improve productivity and performance is very important. Wireless technologies such as GSM,GPRS (2.5G),UMTS(3G), WiFi, WiMax , RFID and GPS play important role as value added services in communication systems and mobile commerce these days. One of the important usage of these telecommunication technologies is Location Base Services (LBS) as a good solution in Supply Chain Management systems for tracing and monitoring goods and products and capturing data on movements of goods and other events. (Mobile SCM). Describing wireless communication technologies and usage of RFID in a supply chain management is the most relevant aspect in this paper. At the end we will discuss it in a firm as a node of a MSCM in which we balance the assembly line by authors program in c#, based on RPW algorithm. I. Introduction These days implementing techniques that reduce project time and cost, and improve productivity and performance is very important. The need for new ways to face these challenges has long been recognized. Recent years have also seen a movement towards using methods that influence and effect on the internet platform, in this way evaluation of mobile technology from second generation network (2G=GSM) towards 2.5G (GPRS, EDGE), 3G (UTMS) and Next Generation Network (NGN) which are all IP based technologies, and other wireless techniques such as Wi-Fi, WiMax, RFID are take placed to allow their users to use web services and semantic web services through mobile devices. Managing and sailing the Web content to mobile users, based on their preferences and locations and controlling the products during producing, distributing, logistics and delivering are becoming now a leading point in a mobile electronic commerce (m-commerce) and mobile supply chain management. In this paper we will introduce wireless technologies and then focus on RFID as a solution for Mobile SCM. In a brief view, this paper is structured as follows: Section 1 is an introduction . In section 2 the meaning of supply chain management and mobile supply chain management will be reviewed. In section 3 the wireless telecommunication technologies such as GSM/GPRS/EDGE/UMTS, WiFi, WiMax and RFID will be discussed and section 4 will show integrating of SCM and RFID as …
Scaling Linear Colliders to 5 TeV and Above

Detailed designs exist at present for linear colliders in the 0.5-1.0 TeV center-of-mass energy range. For linear colliders driven by discrete rf sources (klystrons), the rf operating frequencies range from 1.3 GHz to 14 GHz, and the unloaded accelerating gradients from 21 MV/m to 100 MV/m. Except for the collider design at 1.3 GHz (TESLA) which uses superconducting accelerating structures, the accelerating gradients vary roughly linearly with the rf frequency. This correlation between gradient and frequency follows from the necessity to keep the ac {open_quotes}wall plug{close_quotes} power within reasonable bounds. For linear colliders at energies of 5 TeV and above, even higher accelerating gradients and rf operating frequencies will be required if both the total machine length and ac power are to be kept within reasonable limits. An rf system for a 5 TeV collider operating at 34 GHz is outlined, and it is shown that there are reasonable candidates for microwave tube sources which, together with rf pulse compression, are capable of supplying the required rf power. Some possibilities for a 15 TeV collider at 91 GHz are briefly discussed.
Quality Assessment for Speaker Diarization and Its Application in Speaker Characterization

There are many applications related to speaker characterization, specially in telephone environments, where large datasets are available but not directly useful since there are two speakers involved in every recording. Even with very accurate speaker diarization systems, we can expect to find some recordings with low diarization accuracy. The use of these recordings may reduce the accuracy of any speaker characterization technology. Therefore, it is highly desirable to detect those recordings where the speakers are correctly segmented, in order to discard or process manually the remaining ones before feeding them into the application. In this work we propose a set of confidence measures to assess the quality of a hypothetical diarization output, in order to detect those recordings that are correctly segmented. We show that these confidence measures enable us to retrieve most of the desired recordings from a given dataset, discarding those recordings that degrade the overall accuracy of an application that make use of speaker characterization technologies.
The Cornell ERL prototype project

Synchrotron light sources based on Energy Recovery Linacs (ERLs) show promise to deliver X-ray beams with both brilliance and X-ray pulse duration far superior to the values that can be achieved with storage ring technology. Cornell University, in collaboration with Jefferson Laboratory, has proposed the construction of a prototype ERL. This 100MeV, 100mA CW superconducting electron accelerator will be used to study and resolve the many accelerator physics and technology issues of this type of machine. These studies are essential before ERLs can be confidently proposed for large-scale applications such as synchrotron light sources. Key issues include the generation of high average current, high brightness electron beams; acceleration and transport of these beams while preserving their brightness; adequate damping of higher order modes (HOMs) to assure beam stability; removal of large amounts of HOM power from the cryogenic environment; stable RF control of cavities operating at very high external Q; reduction of beam losses to very low levels; and the development of precision non-intercepting diagnostics to allow beam setup, control and characterization. Our prototype design allows us to address these and other issues over a broad range of parameter space. This design, along with recent progress on understanding these issues, will be presented.
Diierential Methods in Logic Program Analysis Diierential Methods in Logic Program Analysis

Program analysis based on abstract interpretation has proven very useful in compilation of constraint and logic programming languages. Unfortunately, the traditional goal-dependent framework is inherently imprecise. This is because they handle call and return in such a way that dataaow information may be reasserted unnecessarily, leading to a loss of precision for many description domains. For a few speciic domains, the literature contains proposals to overcome the problem, and some implementations use various unpublished tricks that sometimes avoid the precision loss. The purpose of this paper is to map the landscape of goal-dependent, goal-independent, and combined approaches to generic analysis of logic programs. This includes formalising existing methods and tricks in a way that is independent of speciic description domains. Moreover, we suggest new methods for overcoming the loss of precision|altogether eight diierent semantics are considered and compared. We provide theoretical results determining the relative accuracy of the approaches. These show that two of our new semantics are uniformally more accurate than existing approaches. Experiments that we have performed (for two description domains) with implementations of the eight diierent approaches enable a discussion of their relative runtime performances. We discuss the expected eeect on other domains as well and conclude that our new methods can be trusted to yield signiicantly more accurate analysis for a small extra implementation eeort, without compromising the eeciency of analysis.