Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FPGA based implementation of a Hopfield neural network for solving constraint satisfaction problems

The paper discusses the implementation of Hopfield neural networks for solving constraint satisfaction problems using field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). It discusses techniques for formulating such problems as discrete neural networks, and then it describes the N-Queen problem using this formulation. A prototype implementation of a number of different N-Queen problems is described and results are presented that illustrate that a speedup of up to 3 orders of magnitude is possible using current FPGA devices.
L'idée de précarité revisitée

L'A. analyse les trajectoires depuis la sortie du systeme scolaire sur le long terme et cette perspective permet de sortir des schemas d'evaluation emploi-formation; l'insertion dans le monde des adultes est concue dans une double perspective, a la fois professionnelle et non professionnelle; enfin, la saturation du marche de l'emploi ou les « handicaps » a l'insertion de certaines categories de jeunes sont des facteurs explicatifs reels mais insuffisants de la precarite vecue par les jeunes. Les trajectoires observees sont heterogenes, complexes, reversibles. La precarite s'analyse ici comme l'un des elements des strategies d'adaptation que developpeent les individus face a une societe en pleine mutation, avare de modeles comme de regles de conduite
PowerRush : Efficient transient simulation for power grid analysis

Transient analysis is the most practical and effective approach for power grid validation, but which is very challengeable for large scale VLSI chips because it is really time consuming and requires large memory resources. In this paper we proposed a parallel transient simulation approach for efficient power grid analysis. Firstly we adopt symmetric formulation for NA equation of RLC power grid to reduce memory usage. Meanwhile, fast Cholesky factorization solver can be used to improve simulation efficiency. Secondly, we perform partition-based parallel transient simulation for naturally independent subnets without accuracy lost. Thirdly, we propose a composite simulation flow for efficient and practical transient analysis for industrial power grid. Finally, several industrial power grid benchmarks are evaluated on our approaches for high accurate transient simulation with extremely low memory consumption.
Force-frequency effect on the Q-factor of thickness- shear mode quartz and langasite resonator at high temperatures

A theoretical study was conducted for a 20 MHz circular resonator to investigate the force-frequency effect on the Q-factor value for the slow (C-) and fast (B-) thickness-shear mode using the 3-D Lagrangian finite-element model (FEM), and the Sinha-Tiersten perturbation method. The calculations were carried out for doubly rotated quartz cuts and single rotated langasite (LGS) cut. Based on the frequency spectrum analysis, the best aspect ratio for each crystal cut angle was investigated for the force-frequency effect at 25 and 300°C. The Q-factor calculations are based on the intrinsic viscosity of crystalline quartz and LGS. This paper provides the foremost computational result for the force-frequency constants and the Q-factor at 300°C for doubly rotated quartz cuts, and single rotated LGS cut.
The Interface RUMINATION : Relationships with Physical Health

ABSTRACT Rumination is a form of perserverative cognition that focuses on negative content, generally past and present, and results in emotional distress. Initial studies of rumination emerged in the psychological literature, particularly with regard to studies examining specific facets of rumination (e.g., positive vs. negative rumination, brooding vs. self-reflection, relationships with catastrophic thinking, role of impaired disengagement, state vs. trait features) as well as the presence of rumination in various psychiatric syndromes (e.g., depression, alcohol misuse, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, bulimia nervosa). Rumination studies are now emerging in the somatic literature, particularly in relationship to pain. In these studies, rumination appears to be associated with symptom magnification as well as poorer clinical outcomes. While still a nascent field, the assessment and treatment of rumination in primary care settings is beginning to unfold.
Using Coherent Value Speculation to Improve Multiprocessor Performance

Transmission of cache lines in cache-coherent shared memory machines is necessary for communication but can cause significant latencies across the system. The ongoing growth in cache capacities shifts the distribution of cache misses from capacity and conflict misses to coherence misses, which consist of misses caused by both true and false sharing. In this paper we propose coherence decoupling and coherent value speculation to improve multiprocessor performance. Coherence decoupling splits the caching operation from the coherence operation, allowing processors to speculate on the load value or the data access permission, despite not having both for that operation. Coherent value speculation provides speculatively-coherent values for a coherencedecoupled system. In this paper we focus on using shared value prediction for coherent value speculation. We describe and profile the potential of three value prediction schemes: address-cache-based, PC-table-based, and PC+address-table-based. The first scheme simply uses the stale values existing in the cache, while the other two predict using recent value tables. We present early results that suggest excellent potential for coherent value speculation.
A Bayesian approach to Markov modelling in cost‐effectiveness analyses: application to taxane use in advanced breast cancer

Summary. The paper demonstrates how cost‐effectiveness decision analysis may be implemented from a Bayesian perspective, using Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation methods for both the synthesis of relevant evidence input into the model and the evaluation of the model itself. The desirable aspects of a Bayesian approach for this type of analysis include the incorporation of full parameter uncertainty, the ability to perform all the analysis, including each meta‐analysis, in a single coherent model and the incorporation of expert opinion either directly or regarding the relative credibility of different data sources. The method is described, and its ease of implementation demonstrated, through a practical example to evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of using taxanes for the second‐line treatment of advanced breast cancer compared with conventional treatment. For completeness, the results from the Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation model are compared and contrasted with those from a classical Monte Carlo simulation model.
The use of stem cells for treatment of premature ovulation failure and generation of oocytes

Background: Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) is a life-changing condition that affects 1% of women under the age of 40. POF is also known as premature menopause, and hyper gonadotropic hypogonadism; POF can be primary (spontaneous) or secondary which is usually induced by radiation, chemotherapy or surgery. It comprises of amenorrhea, high menopausal levels of gonadotropin and sex steroid deficiency. The use of mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of POF has been reviewed using different sources of MSCs of umbilical cord, bone marrow transplantation, amniotic fluid and adipose tissue. Many authors have highlighted the importance of re-establishment of hormone or cytokine profiles supporting stem cell follicular development is crucial for the improvement of both the damaged ovary function and fertility recovery.
The Machine Translation Toolpack for LoonyBin: Automated Management of Experimental Machine Translation HyperWorkflows

The Machine Translation Toolpack for LoonyBin: Automated Management of Experimental Machine Translation HyperWorkflows Construction of machine translation systems has evolved into a multi-stage workflow involving many complicated dependencies. Many decoder distributions have addressed this by including monolithic training scripts - train-factored-model.pl for Moses and mr_runmer. pl for SAMT. However, such scripts can be tricky to modify for novel experiments and typically have limited support for the variety of job schedulers found on academic and commercial computer clusters. Further complicating these systems are hyperparameters, which often cannot be directly optimized by conventional methods requiring users to determine which combination of values is best via trial and error. The recently-released LoonyBin open-source workflow management tool addresses these issues by providing: 1) a visual interface for the user to create and modify workflows; 2) a well-defined logging mechanism; 3) a script generator that compiles visual workflows into shell scripts, and 4) the concept of Hyperworkflows, which intuitively and succinctly encodes small experimental variations within a larger workflow. In this paper, we describe the Machine Translation Toolpack for LoonyBin, which exposes state-of-the-art machine translation tools as drag-and-drop components within LoonyBin.
Communicating Organizational Culture in the Workplace through Writing

COMMUNICATING ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN THE WORKPLACE THOUGH WRITING Jacob B. Weyant, MA George Mason University, 2008 Thesis Director: Douglas Eyman Organizational culture is vital to business success in everything from mergers to attracting high-quality personnel. This article explores how writing influences organizational culture. This study examines the professional writing practices and artifacts of a medium-sized technology company through several theoretical lenses from the discipline of professional writing. Genre, articulation, and structuration theories provide a framework for studying the company’s writing practices in a way unexplored by previous research. Combining this analysis with employee interviews, the study catalogues tactics and strategies within the firm that have meaningful consequences for the company’s organizational culture and, consequently, its business success. The results indicate that the study and management of writing practices within an organization are vital to creating a strong organizational culture. The analysis also suggests several strategies to that end.
The possible correlation of growth rate and expression of transformation with temperature-dependent modification in high-molecular-weight membrane glycoproteins in mammalian cells transformed by a wild-type and by a thermosensitive mutant of avian sarcoma virus.

glycoprotein in preparations from cells grown at 33Â°. A similar study of normal rat kidney cells transformed by the wild-type avian virus in which the transformed cells were grown at 37Â° and 33Â° revealed no temperature-mediated difference in the morphology and transformed properties of the cells. However, a comparison of plasma membrane preparations from wild-type-transformed cells grown at 37Â° and 33Â°did reveal a marked decrease of a high-molecular weight glycoprotein in cells grown at 37Â°,concurrent with an increased rate of growth in cells propagated at that tempera ture.
Strong Spatial Mixing and Rapid Mixing with Five Colours for the Kagome Lattice

We consider proper 5-colourings of the kagome lattice. Proper q-colourings correspond to configurations in the zero-temperature q-state anti-ferromagnetic Potts model. Salas and Sokal have given a computer assisted proof of strong spatial mixing on the kagome lattice for q>=6 under any temperature, including zero temperature. It is believed that there is strong spatial mixing for q>=4. Here we give a computer assisted proof of strong spatial mixing for q=5 and zero temperature. It is commonly known that strong spatial mixing implies that there is a unique infinite-volume Gibbs measure and that the Glauber dynamics is rapidly mixing. We give a proof of rapid mixing of the Glauber dynamics on any finite subset of the vertices of the kagome lattice, provided that the boundary is free (not coloured). The Glauber dynamics is not necessarily irreducible if the boundary is chosen arbitrarily for q=5 colours. The Glauber dynamics can be used to uniformly sample proper 5-colourings. Thus, a consequence of rapidly mixing Glauber dynamics is that there is fully polynomial randomised approximation scheme for counting the number of proper 5-colourings.
Lexicalization and Generative Power in CCG

The weak equivalence of Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG) and Tree-Adjoining Grammar (TAG) is a central result of the literature on mildly context-sensitive grammar formalisms. However, the categorial formalism for which this equivalence has been established differs significantly from the versions of CCG that are in use today. In particular, it allows restriction of combinatory rules on a per grammar basis, whereas modern CCG assumes a universal set of rules, isolating all cross-linguistic variation in the lexicon. In this article we investigate the formal significance of this difference. Our main result is that lexicalized versions of the classical CCG formalism are strictly less powerful than TAG.
Methods and rationale used in a matched cohort study of the incidence of new primary cancers following prostate cancer

Objectives We describe several methodological issues that were addressed in conducting a Danish population-based matched cohort study comparing rates of new primary cancers (NPCs) in men with and without prostate cancer (PC). Methods We matched 30,220 men with PC to 151,100 men without PC (comparators) on age (±2 years) and PC diagnosis/index date. We focused on several methodological issues: 1) to address survival differences between the cohorts we compared rates with and without censoring comparators on the date their matched PC patient died or was censored; 2) to address diagnostic bias, we excluded men with a history of cancer from the comparator cohort; 3) to address prostate cancer immunity, we graphed the hazard of NPC in both cohorts, with and without prostate cancer as an outcome; 4) we used empirical Bayes methods to explore the effect of adjusting for multiple comparisons. Results After 18 months of follow-up, cumulative person-time was lower in the PC than comparator cohort due to higher mortality among PC patients. Terminating person-time in comparators at the matched PC patient’s death or loss to follow-up resulted in comparable person-time up to 30 months of follow-up and lower person-time among comparators thereafter. The hazard of NPC was lower among men with PC than comparators throughout follow-up. There was little difference in rates beyond the first four years of follow-up after removing PC as an outcome. Empirical Bayes adjustment for multiple comparisons had little effect on the estimates. Conclusion Addressing the issues of competing risks, treatment interference or diagnostic bias, prostate cancer immunity due to radical prostatectomy, and multiple comparisons lowered the deficit rate of NPCs among men with a history of PC compared with those without PC. However, the differing rates of NPCs may also be due to risk factor differences between the cohorts.
Utilizing a Massively Parallel Neural Network and a HPC Data Environment for Cancer Diagnosis

Recent improvements disk prices and network speeds, have outstripped even the continuing exponential growth in computational power. Scientists have greatly increased the data created by their applications and can now exceed 10 Terabytes and may approach 100 Terabytes in a single run, with the computational time used to examine the output possibly more than expended in its creation. At the same time, enormous increases in the number of processors available to work on a single problem, is opening up new opportunities for computation to move into new areas. In this paper, we consider such an example, explain its computational environment at the San Diego Supercomputer Center, and describe how we plan to use neural networks.
From exposure to disease: the role of environmental factors in susceptibility to and development of tuberculosis.

Throughout the first three quarters of the 20th century, the incidence of tuberculosis declined in industrialized countries (1,2) (figure 1). Part of this decline may have been due to isolation of infectious tuberculosis patients in sanitariums and the pasteurization of milk, but it is generally thought that improved housing and habitat, decreased crowding, better hygiene and sanitation, use of clean water, and better nutrition all contributed to decreased tuberculosis notification (3-5). Since the mid-1980s, however, this decreasing trend has slowed down and has even reversed in some countries, such as the United States and the United Kingdom, calling for rapid epidemiologic investigations (6, 7). In the United States, the resurgence of the disease in the 1980s was attributed to a group of factors, including the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, diminished public health efforts to control tuberculosis, rising poverty, homelessness, overcrowded conditions, and immigration from countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis (8, 9). Identification of these high-risk groups and behaviors has stimulated actions to improve tuberculosis control activities, resulting in a reversed trend in tuberculosis notification rates after 1994 (10, 11). However, developing countries never experienced such a substantial drop, and the number of reported tuberculosis cases increased dramatically during the 1980s, especially in Africa south of the Sahara, where tuberculosis is a leading cause of mortality (12). From 1985 to 1991, the annual number of reported new cases tripled in Zambia, doubled in Malawi, and increased by 76 percent in Tanzania (13) (figure 2). This increase in tuberculosis case rates in developing countries has been attributed mainly to the combined effects of HIV infection, population growth, and poorly organized tuberculosis control programs with low case finding and cure rates
Social Browsing on Flickr

The new social media sites—blogs, wikis, del.icio. us and Flickr, among others—underscore the transformation of the Web to a participatory medium in which users are actively creating, evaluating and distributing information. The photo-sharing site Flickr, for example, allows users to upload photographs, view photos created by others, comment on those photos, etc. As is common to other social media sites, Flickr allows users to designate others as "contacts" and to track their activ- ities in real time. The contacts (or friends) lists form the social network backbone of social media sites. These social networks facilitate new ways of interacting with information, e.g., through what we call social browsing. The contacts inter- face on Flickr enables users to see latest images submitted by their friends. Through an extensive analysis of Flickr data, we show that social browsing through the contacts' photo streams is one of the primary methods by which users find new images on Flickr. This finding has implications for creat- ing personalized recommendation systems based on the user's declared contacts lists.
Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Dysfunction in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

ABSTRACT: Obesity and the related metabolic syndrome have become a worldwide epidemic. Inactivity appears to be a primary causative factor in the pathogenesis of this obesity and metabolic syndrome. There are two possible, perhaps not mutually exclusive, events that may lead to intramyocellular lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with obesity. First, obesity, with high intake-associated lipid accumulation in muscle may interfere with cellular mitochondrial function through generation of reactive oxygen species leading to lipid membrane peroxidative injury and disruption of mitochondrial membrane-dependent enzymes. This in turn leads to impaired oxidative metabolism. Secondly, a primary defect in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism may be responsible for a reduction in fatty acid oxidation leading to intramyocellular lipid accumulation as a secondary event. Non-invasive techniques such as proton (1H) and phosphorus (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy, coupled with specific magnetic resonance imaging techniques, may facilitate the investigation of the effects of various ergometric interventions on the pathophysiology of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Exercise has positive effects on glucose metabolism, aerobic metabolism, mitochondrial density, and respiratory chain proteins in patients with metabolic syndrome, and we propose that this may be due to the exercise effects on AMP kinase, and a prospective physiological mechanism for this benefit is presented. A physiological model of the effect of intramyocellular lipid accumulation on oxidative metabolism and insulin mediated glucose uptake is proposed.
Cross-Protection in Hamsters Immunized with Group A Arbovirus Vaccines

Cross-protection between Venezuelan, Eastern, and Western equine encephalomyelitis (VEE, EEE, WEE) viruses was studied in the hamster by using challenge responses and neutralizing antibody titers as indexes of protection. Formalin-inactivated vaccines induced only homologous protection regardless of the sequence of vaccination or the combination of vaccines employed. Use of attenuated VEE vaccine, singly, produced absolute homologous protection as well as 37 and 59% protection against WEE and EEE challenges, respectively. Neither deleterious nor enhancing interaction occurred when attenuated VEE and inactivated WEE and EEE vaccines were employed in various sequences of immunization and all possible combinations. The most rapid and simple immunization scheme eliciting excellent homologous protection consisted of a single dose of combined attenuated VEE and inactivated WEE and EEE vaccines. Studies with attenuated strains of VEE, EEE, and WEE viruses showed that all elicited excellent homologous protection when administered singly. However, use of these live strains in many combinations and sequences resulted in a significant (P < 0.05 to <0.001) decrease in the protective efficacy of the WEE or EEE strains. These results are discussed in relation to serum neutralization test data obtained on sera drawn pre- and postchallenge.
Pseudo-samples generation in Gaussian mixture distribution for software defect prediction

In this paper, we present GCRF method based on pseudo-samples generation and conditional random field (CRF) for software defect prediction in Gaussian Mixture Distribution. In the proposed method, firstly, we leverage Gaussian Mixture Distribution (GMM) to generate pseudo-samples, which can increase the samples of minority class for balancing the train dataset. Secondly, we propose to apply CRF model in the balanced train dataset because the CRF model can handle complex features in nonlinear high dimensional subspace. Moreover, in order to avoid explicit modeling of the observed data, the proposed method can incorporate the classification of software defect data with different statistics characteristics into a unified probabilistic framework. Interestingly, the experiments show that the GCRF method achieves much better prediction performance than the other approach as shown in the software defect data classification task.