Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
L'aménagement de l'habitat du caribou forestier permet-il la conservation de la biodiversité?

Cette etude a evalue l’effet de scenarios d’amenagement de l’habitat du caribou forestier (Rangifer tarandus) sur la diversite aviaire. Un indice d’occupation de 29 especes d’oiseaux a ete developpe a partir d’observations de terrain, puis compare entre sept paysages simulant differentes repartitions des coupes forestieres et deux cycles de rotation de coupe. Alors que la repartition des coupes influencait peu les assemblages d’oiseaux, la diversite aviaire etait maintenue davantage apres une rotation de 100 ans qu’une de 60 ans. Les assemblages d’especes attendus apres ces deux cycles etaient differents de ceux d’un paysage sans coupe, indiquant qu’un temps de revolution plus court que le cycle de perturbations naturelles affecterait la diversite aviaire. Notre methodologie permet donc d’evaluer l’impact de strategies d’amenagement sur la biodiversite avant leur mise en œuvre. Nous avons ainsi pu demontrer que l’amenagement de l’habitat du caribou actuellement preconise ne suffirait pas a conserver les oiseaux boreaux. %%%%This study assessed the effect of habitat management for the recovery of boreal caribou (Rangifer tarandus) on the diversity of boreal birds. An index of occupancy was estimated for 29 bird species from surveyed data, and then compared among seven simulated landscapes contrasting in cut-block distribution and harvest rotation. Whereas cut-block distribution had little effect on bird assemblages, bird diversity was better maintained under a 100-year harvest rotation than a 60-year rotation. Bird assemblages for both harvest rotations differed significantly from assemblages expected in an uncut landscape, implying that rotations shorter than natural disturbance cycles could affect regional biodiversity. Our method thus allows the assessment of the long-term impact of various management strategies on biodiversity prior their implementation. On this basis, we showed that the current habitat management guidelines for boreal caribou recovery would not be sufficient to conserve bird diversity in the boreal forest.
The Effects of Work Stress Towards Turnover Intention Mediated by Burnout (Study on Employees Working in PT Mitra Jaya Raya Borneo Pontianak)

One of the corporate responsibilities towards their employees is to maintain the employees working in the company, with the work environment provided, the workload given, and developing them with good training. In reality, employees often experience work stress in doing their jobs, and the accumulation of work stress triggers burnout, thus encouraging them to leave the company. This study examines the effect of job stress on turnover intention mediated by burnout at PT Mitra Jaya Raya Borneo Pontianak as the object of research, with a population of 35 employees. Using saturation sampling technique, the sample of this study was 35 respondents. This research uses PLS-SEM analysis, using the SmartPLS 3.2. 9 application to process questionnaires data. The results of this study indicate that job stress has a significant positive effect on turnover intention, job stress has a significant positive effect on burnout, burnout has an insignificant positive effect on turnover intention, and burnout does not mediate the relationship between job stress and turnover intention.
Non-destructive techniques as a tool for radioactive waste package performance testing to ensure long-term safety

This paper assesses the applicability of the Non-Destructive Techniques based on electromagnetic, ultrasonic and potential corrosion to monitor the corrosion and intern defect of cementitious packages. The evaluation was undertaken on cementitious package with an optimal formulation water/binder (W/B) ratio of 0.5 and after curing at 20 °C for 28 days. The corrosion mapping results show that the first test considered as the reference specimen has maximum and minimum values of -69 mV and -97 mV, respectively. In tests 2 and 3, we observed a decrease in corrosion potentials of -321 mV and -375 mV after adding steel bars and HCL. R egarding the ultrasonic testing, the results show that the average value of the crack depth equal to 0.032m. The obtained results show that the three techniques used have a strong correlation and complementarity. This means that it will be a good approach if we exploit these NDT in order to enhance and strength the safety related to radioactive cementitious package.
Spirituality and religion / religiosity: the perceptions of people with chronic kidney disease under hemodialytic treatment

Objective: to describe the perceptions of people undergoing hemodialysis treatment on spirituality/ religion/ religiosity. Method: this is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Twenty-eight chronic renal patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment were interviewed in two hemodialysis units of hospitals in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul between April and June, 2022. Results: the data showed that, in the sociodemographic characterization, the majority were female, married, and retired; Catholic and Evangelical religions prevailed. From the interviewees’ statements, two categories emerged: perceptions about spirituality, faith, and religion; spirituality in coping with the disease. Final considerations: the analysis of testimonies showed positive perceptions in the use of spirituality/religiousness as a method of coping with the adversities experienced during hemodialysis treatment. With these findings, we emphasize the importance of implementing spiritual care in the systematization of nursing care in order to provide relief from the suffering of patients with chronic kidney disease.
Pollution of water bodies within and around Dhaka city: the Case of Gulshan lake

Gulshan Lake is the northernmost lake in a chain of water bodies in Dhaka (Gulshan Lake, Hatirjheel, Begunbari Khal, Balu River and Shitalakhya River), all suffering from serious pollution, due to encroachment, disposal of untreated wastewater and dumping of solid wastes. The types of outfalls contributing to the pollution of Gulshan Lake include (i) Storm sewers, (ii) Open channels, (iii) Box culverts, and (iv) Small private outfalls. A total of 102 outfalls have been identified in the Lake, which included 24 major (diameter/ size min. 24 inch or significant flow) outfalls. Outfall discharges are characterized by high concentrations of BOD5 (56-160 mg/l), COD (129-188 mg/l), Ammonia (16-28 mg/l), and Phosphate (3.55-13.4 mg/l). Water quality monitoring of Gulshan Lake showed fluctua tions in chemical composition of Lake water, both spatially and temporally. The Lake water has been characterized by very low DO (mostly below 2 mg/l), and high fecal coliform (FC), BOD5 (up to 46.0 mg/l) and COD (up to 130 mg/l), indicating significant fe cal and organic pollution. A trend of decreasing DO and increasing BOD with the advancement of dry season was observed. The Lake water has been found to contain high concentration of nutrients (10 to 20 mg/l ammonia; up to 8.55 mg/l phosphate) during dry season. Color, TDS and Ammonia showed the most significant seasonal variation; EC and phosphate showed significant spatial variation, with increasing concentration towards downstream. The Lake sediments have high concentrations of Cadmium and Lead, and very high oxygen demand (pSOD), which may be responsible for persistent low DO in Lake water. The inability of the city authority to separate domestic and storm sewer networks is causing serious pollution of not only Gulshan Lake, but all Lakes and water bodie s within the city and the rivers surrounding the city. Discharge of untreated effluent, solid wastes and sludge (including fecal sludge) into storm sewer network is aggravating the pollution scenario. A comprehensive Lake management plan, including development of domestic sewer network in the Gulshan Lake watershed areas, is urgently needed to save the Lake.
Discussion Paper Series

This paper investigates the inuence of peers on criminal behavior, using original data I collected by interviewing homeless people in Milan. Information on friendsnames was elicited, which allows to map each respondents network. Each individual was also asked to report his criminal status prior to becoming homeless. To estimate the causal e¤ects of network size and of the share of criminal friends on (subsequent) criminal behavior, I rely on two instruments. The rst is the share of rainy days since the individual has become homeless: rainfall fosters concentration of homeless individuals in sheltered places and increases the probability of meetings. The second instrument is the fraction of inmates released by Milans authorities during ones period as homeless, which a¤ects the supply of criminal potential friends. I nd that the probability of arrest decreases by 16 percentage points with the network size, but it increases by 20 percentage points with the share of criminal friends in the group. JEL Classi cation: J0; K42 Keywords: Peer e¤ects, crime, homeless University College London and Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (CReAM), Department of Economics, 30 Gordon Street, London WC1H OA. Phone: +44-(0)2-076795451. Fax: +44-(0)2-076791068. Email: l.corno@ucl.ac. uk. This project required the collaboration of many people. First of all, I am deeply indebted with Michela Braga, my co-worker during all stages of the project. The data collection bene ts from the help of many volunteers, in particular from the Italian Red Cross, Caritas and Opera Cardinal Ferrari. I wish to thank Eliana La Ferrara and Edward Miguel for their valuable comments and suggestions. I also bene t from the inputs by Emilio Calvano, Stefano Dellavigna, Gunther Fink, Masayuri Kudamatsu, Enrico Moretti, Tommaso Nannicini, Steve Pischke, Imran Rasul, David Stromberg and seminar participants at Berkeley, Bocconi University, University College London and IIES at Stockholm University. I thank the Regional Agency for the Environmental Protection and the Meteorological Service of the Military Aereonautics for making rainfall data available to me and correctional facilities of S.Vittore, Bollate and Opera to provide me administrative data on inmates. I thank Marzio Barbaglio for sharing data on police force deployment in Italy. Financial support from the Empirical Research in Economics (ERE) and Fondazione Rodolfo De Benedetti (FRdB) is gratefully acknowledged. All errors are my own.
EFFERVESCENT GRANULES – A REVIEW

Effervescent granules are dosage form composed of dry aggregates powder particle; it contain one or more active pharmaceutical ingredient with or without excipients. Due to its low toxicity and onset action will be get fast, so effervescent granules are mostly used. Effervescent granules are uncoated granules containing drug, acid substances, carbonates or hydrogen carbonate which rapidly react with water and liberate CO 2 . In this review, it gives us information regarding basic mechanism of effervescent granules and its fundamentals and excipients used, different formulation development strategies of effervescent granules with suitable pictorial representation and evaluation of effervescent granules. Additionally packaging, advantages, disadvantages and some marketed formulation details also added. Effervescent granules are prepared by various methods such as wet method, dry method, hot melt extrusion method and non-aqueous method. The above mentioned methods are briefly explained in this review.
Untargeted Metabolomics for Beef Flavor Beyond Fat in Ground Beef With Different Lean Sources and Different Fat Content From a Common Fat Source a

: To explore the effects of lean source on the flavor of ground beef patties, beef inside rounds ( n = 9) were procured from each of the following treatment groups: commodity upper two-thirds choice (HC; USDA modest and higher marbling), heart-healthy-branded (HEART), natural grass-fed (NATURAL), and commodity USDA Select (SELECT) beef. Rounds from each source were ground and supplemented with commercially sourced, pre-ground commodity fat trim to form treatment batches containing 10% or 20% total fat. Batches were then fine-ground and formed into 113.5-g patties. Patties were vacuum packaged and frozen until analyzed. Trained sensory panel, fatty acid profile, volatile compound composition, and metabolomic features subsequently were analyzed. Lean source had no impact ( P > 0.05) on any major trained sensory traits, but patties with 20% fat had higher ( P < 0.05) fat-like, buttery, and juiciness scores. Patties made with HEART lean had the highest ( P < 0.05) monounsaturated fatty acids, and those from SELECT lean had the lowest. Those patties made with NATURAL lean and 20% fat tended (0.05 < P < 0.10) to have higher volatile concentrations of alcohol, aldehyde, ketones, and especially terpenoid compounds. Using discriminate analysis, metabolites ( n = 64 metabolites) from raw samples were accurately segregated by lean source only, while the cooked patties showed that the 138 metabolites were able to discriminate lean source for HC, HEART, and NATURAL within both 10% and 20% fat treatments. Patties made with SELECT lean clustered by themselves and generally had the opposite reaction to metabolite concentration as the other lean sources. Overall, while lean sources did not impact flavor, patties with different lean sources impacted the fatty acid content, volatile aroma compounds, and metabolite distribution in ground beef patties. Metabolomics may be another valuable tool to help describe meat quality, and it could be used to determine these traits in lean prior to sensory testing.
of Superheterodyne Free Electron Laser

We analyze multiharmonic interactions of space charge waves (SCWs) in the superheterodyne free electron laser (FEL) amplification section in the submillimeter wavelength range within the framework of the cubic nonlinear approximation. Amplification of electromagnetic waves in the studied parametric su-perheterodyne FEL is provided by a plural three-wave parametric resonance between fast and slow SCWs and a longitudinal periodic reverse pump electric field. We show that the presence of a monochromatic electric pump field is sufficient to amplify higher harmonics of multiharmonic SCWs. Also, we found that the growth increments of higher harmonics of SCWs do not depend on the harmonic number and are determined by the intensity of the pump electric field and the speed of the electron beam. This fact allows to amplify different higher harmonics equally. Using computer simulations, we show that in the studied sys-tem it is possible to amplify multiharmonic SCWs without distorting their amplitude spectrum. In the paper we also researched the effect of generating an additional periodic reverse pump electric field in the linear approximation. The electron beam generates this field and significantly affects the processes in the su-perheterodyne FEL. We show that such an additional electric field under the conditions of the studied sys-tem increases the pump electric field significantly (by 33 %). This leads to an increase in the resulting pump electric field in the system and, therefore, to a significant increase in the growth increments of all harmonics. We demonstrate that the saturation length of SCWs decreases because of generating an additional electric field, which allows engineers to reduce the device dimensions. We show that the effect of the generation of an additional electric field does not destroy the SCW's amplitude spectrum in the process of its amplification along the saturation length. Thus, we propose to use the studied systems for multi-harmonic parametric superheterodyne FELs to amplify multiharmonic signals without distorting their amplitude spectra.
Use of seismic attributes for sediment classification

A study to understand the relationships between seismic attributes extracted from 2D high-resolution seismic data and the seafloor's sediments of the surveyed area. As seismic attributes are features highly influenced by the medium through which the seismic waves are propagated, the authors can assume that it would be possible to characterise the geological nature of the seafloor by using these attributes. Herein, a survey was performed on the continental margin of the South Shetland Islands in Antarctica, where both 2D high-resolution seismic data and sediment gravity cores samples were simultaneously acquired. A computational script was written to extract the seismic attributes from the data, which have been statistically analysed with clustering analyses, such as principal components analysis, dendrograms and k-means classification. The extracted seismic attributes are the amplitude, the instantaneous phase, the instantaneous frequency, the envelope, the time derivative of the envelope, the second derivative of the envelope and the acceleration of phase. Statistical evaluation showed that geological classification of the seafloor's sediments is possible by associating these attributes according to their coherence. The methodologies here developed seem to be appropriate for glacio-marine environment and coarse-to-medium silt sediment found in the study area and may be applied to other regions in the same geological conditions.
Some physical parameters of the sokoto-rima river system in north western Nigeria

Some physical parameters of water samples from Sokoto-Rima River system at the fishing site for Argungu International Fishing and Cultural Festival (AIFCF) were assessed to determine how they influence the water productivity via titrations and instrumentation methods. Data generated were analyzed statistically based on months, wet and dry seasons and five sub-seasons (early, flood, early dry, mid dry and late dry sub-seasons). The annual mean for water temperature was 27.06 ± 1.93oC, transparency was maximum (4.67 ±0.25 cm) in late dry sub-season. The annual mean of water depth was 3.40 ±2.00 m. Total Dissolved Solid recorded annual mean of 0.45 ±0.20 mg/L. The results provide baseline data for further productivity studies.
The Importance of Trend-Cycle Analysis for National Statistics Institutes

Seasonal adjustment is a widely applied statistical method. National Statistics Institutes around the world apply seasonal adjustment methods, such as X-12-ARIMA or TRAMO-SEATS, on a regular basis to help users interpret movements in the time series and aid in decision making. The seasonal adjustment process decomposes the original time series into three main components: a trend-cycle, seasonal and irregular. By definition the seasonally adjusted estimates still contain a degree of volatility as they are just a combination of the trend-cycle and irregular. Typically, as an analytical product, the seasonally adjusted estimates are published alongside the time series of the original estimates. In most countries the trend-cycle estimates are not published. Some countries, such as Australia, regularly publish trend-cycle as additional analytical product alongside the original and seasonally adjusted estimates to inform users. This paper presents the case for the regular calculation and production of trend- cycle estimates at National Statistics Institutes to help inform and educate users about the longer term signals in the time series.
Communications of the IIMA Communications of the IIMA

This paper is an essay on the differences between “formal” Western logic and Indian logical traditions and how the latter impacts present-day AI developments. Upon the colonization of India, Western philosophers often dismissed Indian logical constructs as being underdeveloped or clumsy. Others, however, saw such denigration as emanating from Western racial prejudice rather than objectivity. This debate has persisted. I discuss the salient aspects of this debate, and then focus on the inductive aspects of Indian logic. This is especially relevant to the present, when there is an explosion of artificial intelligence based applications. I discuss the salient features of the new developments in Generative AI, and then attempt to show how the models in Generative AI are connected to Indian logic with its focus on inductive reasoning rather then deductive reasoning. It is useful for students and researchers of present-day AI to be aware of alternate systems of logic, which may be useful in developing newer AI models and applications.
DREAMPlace: Deep Learning Toolkit-Enabled GPU Acceleration for Modern VLSI Placement

Placement for very large-scale integrated (VLSI) circuits is one of the most important steps for design closure. We propose a novel GPU-accelerated placement framework DREAMPlace, by casting the analytical placement problem equivalently to training a neural network. Implemented on top of a widely adopted deep learning toolkit <monospace>PyTorch</monospace>, with customized key kernels for wirelength and density computations, DREAMPlace can achieve around <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$40\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> speedup in global placement without quality degradation compared to the state-of-the-art multithreaded placer RePlAce. We believe this work shall open up new directions for revisiting classical EDA problems with advancements in AI hardware and software.
IARC MONOGRAPHS PROGRAMME ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC RISKS TO HUMANS1

ln 1969, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) initiated a programme to evaluate the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans and to produce monographs on individua1 chemica1s. The MOl1ographs programme has since been expanded to include consideration of exposures to comp1ex mixtures of chemica1s (which occur, for example, in sorne occupations and as a result of human habits) and of exposures to other agents, such as radiation and viruses. With Supplement 6 (lARC, 1987a), the tit1e of the series was modified from IARC MO/1ographs 0/1 the Evaluation of the Carcinogel1ic Risk al Chemicals to Huma/1s to IARC Monographs 011 the Evaluatiol1
The Spreading of a Buoyant Plume Beneath a Landfast Ice Cover

AbstractIdealized numerical simulations using the Regional Ocean Modeling System demonstrate the effects of an immobile landfast ice cover that is frictionally coupled to an underice buoyant plume established by river discharge. The discharge rapidly increases and decreases over a 30-day period and has a maximum of 6000 m3 s−1. This study examined the response to a landfast ice cover of 26-km width and one that encompasses the entire shelf width. The model setting mimics spring conditions on the Alaskan Beaufort Sea (ABS) shelf. In comparison with the ice-free case subject to the same discharge scenario, underice plumes are broader and deeper, and the downwave freshwater flux is substantially decreased and delayed. Multiple anticyclonic bulges form in the ice-free case, but only a single, large bulge forms when ice is present. These differences are because of the frictional coupling between the ice and plume, which results in an Ekman-like underice boundary layer, a subsurface velocity maximum, and fricti.