Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adopted-away offspring.

To the Editor. — In regard to the article in theArchives"Psychopathology in Adopted-away Offspring of Biologic Parents With Antisocial Behavior" by Cadoret (35:176-184, 1978), the author's conclusion that there is a "Significant correlation of antisocial adoptee diagnosis in the adult adoptee sample with a biologic parent diagnosis of antisocial personality or behavior" does not appear to be supported by the data presented. He notes that there are four adult adoptees with antisocial diagnoses as compared with 18 biologic parent antisocial diagnoses, resulting in 22% incidence. However, three of four of the adoptees had biologic mothers who were retarded. This obscures the data in that retarded women may more easily be led into various behaviors without necessarily being antisocial themselves. In addition, the offspring of such women are at risk for neurological abnormalities. Thus, Cadoret's sample of antisocial biologic parents might have been better reduced to 12 with but one
The covariance structure of multifractional Brownian motion, with application to long range dependence

Multifractional Brownian motion (mBm) was introduced to overcome certain limitations of the classical fractional Brownian motion (fBm). The major difference between the two processes is that, contrarily to fBm, the almost sure Holder exponent of mBm is allowed to vary along the trajectory, a useful feature when one needs to model processes whose regularity evolves in time, such as Internet traffic or images. Various properties of mBm have been studied in the literature, related to its dimensions or the statistical estimation of its pointwise Holder regularity. However, the covariance structure of mBm has not been investigated so far. We present in this work an explicit formula for this covariance. Since mBm is a zero mean Gaussian process, this provides a full characterization of its stochastic properties. We report on some applications, including the synthesis problem and the long term structure: in particular, we show that the increments of mBm exhibit long range dependence under general conditions.
Hantavirus Infection among Wild Small Mammals in Vellore, South India

Wild indigenous small mammals including 83 rodents (bandicoot and black rats, and house mice) and a shrew captured from multiple sites in Vellore, south India, were tested for serological and molecular evidence of hantavirus infection. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using Hantaan virus (HTNV) antigen indicated hantavirus‐reactive antibodies in 16 (19.3%) of 83 rodents (bandicoot and black rats). Western blot (WB) using Thailand virus (THAIV) antigen confirmed hantavirus‐reactive antibodies in nine of the 16 HTNV IFA‐positive rodents. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) of lung and kidney tissue of captured mammals resulted in the detection of partial S segment sequence in a bandicoot rat. This study complements our earlier reports on hantavirus epidemiology in south India and documents first laboratory evidence for rodent‐associated hantaviruses in south India.
Concurrent biopsies of both grafts in recipients of simultaneous pancreas and kidney demonstrate high rates of discordance for rejection as well as discordance in type of rejection – a retrospective study

It is commonly assumed that in simultaneous pancreas and kidney (SPK) recipients, rejection of the two organs is concordant. As a result, concurrent biopsies of both organs are rarely performed and there are limited histological data on how often rejection is in fact discordant. We reviewed all SPK recipients transplanted at the University of Wisconsin between January 01, 2001, and December 31, 2016, that underwent biopsy of both organs. We included all patients whose biopsies were within 30 days. If patients were treated for rejection between biopsies, they were excluded if the biopsies were more than 4 days apart. Ninety‐one simultaneous biopsies were performed within 30 days of each other, and 40 met our inclusion criteria. A total of 25 (62.5%) patients had concordance of biopsy findings: 11 had rejection of both organs, and 14 had no rejection of either organ. The other 15 (37.5%) were discordant for rejection, with 10 having pancreas‐only rejection and five kidney‐only rejection. It was striking to find that four of the 11 patients with concordance for rejection (36%) had different types (AMR, ACR, or mixed) of rejection in the two organs. This large series of simultaneous pancreas and kidney biopsies demonstrates the continued utility of performing biopsies of both organs.
Barrett's esophagus.

The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research is an Open-Access Journal. All articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. REVIEW ISSN 1738-3331, http://dx.doi. org/10.7704/kjhugr.2014. 14.3. 131 The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research, 2014;14(3):131-162
Counterexample-guided approach to finding numerical invariants

Numerical invariants, e.g., relationships among numerical variables in a program, represent a useful class of properties to analyze programs. General polynomial invariants represent more complex numerical relations, but they are often required in many scientific and engineering applications. We present NumInv, a tool that implements a counterexample-guided invariant generation (CEGIR) technique to automatically discover numerical invariants, which are polynomial equality and inequality relations among numerical variables. This CEGIR technique infers candidate invariants from program traces and then checks them against the program source code using the KLEE test-input generation tool. If the invariants are incorrect KLEE returns counterexample traces, which help the dynamic inference obtain better results. Existing CEGIR approaches often require sound invariants, however NumInv sacrifices soundness and produces results that KLEE cannot refute within certain time bounds. This design and the use of KLEE as a verifier allow NumInv to discover useful and important numerical invariants for many challenging programs. Preliminary results show that NumInv generates required invariants for understanding and verifying correctness of programs involving complex arithmetic. We also show that NumInv discovers polynomial invariants that capture precise complexity bounds of programs used to benchmark existing static complexity analysis techniques. Finally, we show that NumInv performs competitively comparing to state of the art numerical invariant analysis tools.
Nanopillar spin filter tunnel junctions with manganite barriers.

The potential of a manganite ferromagnetic insulator in the field of spin-filtering has been demonstrated. For this, an ultrathin film of Sm0.75Sr0. 25MnO3 is integrated as a barrier in an epitaxial oxide nanopillar tunnel junction and a high spin polarization of up to 75% at 5 K has been achieved. A large zero-bias anomaly observed in the dynamic conductance at low temperatures is explained in terms of the Kondo scattering model. In addition, a decrease in spin polarization at low bias and hysteretic magneto-resistance at low temperatures are reported. The results open up new possibilities for spin-electronics and suggest exploration of other manganites-based materials for the room temperature spin-filter applications.
A HYBRID MODEL FOR BUSINESS FAILURE PREDICTION { UTILIZATION OF PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES

Bankruptcy has long been an important topic in flnance and account- ing research. Recent headline bankruptcies have included Enron, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Washington Mutual, Merrill Lynch, and Lehman Brothers. These bankruptcies and their flnancial fallout have become a serious public concern due to huge in∞uence these companies play in the real economy. Many researchers be- gan investigating bankruptcy predictions back in the early 1970s. However, until recently, most research used prediction models based on traditional statistics. In recent years, however, newly-developed data mining techniques have been applied to various flelds, including performance prediction systems. This research applies particle swarm optimization (PSO) to obtain suitable parameter settings for a sup- port vector machine (SVM) model and to select a subset of beneflcial features without reducing the classiflcation accuracy rate. Experiments were conducted on an initial sample of 80 electronic companies listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation (TSEC). This paper makes four critical contributions: (1) The results indicate the busi- ness cycle factor mainly afiects flnancial prediction performance and has a greater in∞uence than flnancial ratios. (2) The closer we get to the actual occurrence of flnancial distress, the higher the accuracy obtained both with and without fea- ture selection under the business cycle approach. For example, PSO-SVM without feature selection provides 89.37% average correct cross-validation for two quarters prior to the occurrence of flnancial distress. (3) Our empirical results show that PSO integrated with SVM provides better classiflcation accuracy than the Grid search, and genetic algorithm (GA) with SVM approaches for companies as normal or under threat. (4) The PSO-SVM model also provides better prediction accu- racy than do the Grid-SVM, GA-SVM, SVM, SOM, and SVR-SOM approaches for seven well-known UCI datasets. Therefore, this paper proposes that the PSO- SVM approach could be a more suitable method for predicting potential flnancial distress.
Lead-free piezoelectric materials for medical application

In this work, K0.5Na0.5NbO3, (KNN) and K0.495Na0. 495Ca0.005NbO3 thin films for biomedical applications have been prepared from an aqueous precursor solutions with 2.5 or 5.0 mol% of alkali excess. Ca2+ was introduced as dopant to enhance the hygroscopic properties of KNN. The precursor solutions were deposited on SrTiO3 substrates by spin coating with subsequent pyrolysis at 550 ◦C and final annealing in air at 700 ◦C. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy revealed that 5 mol% alkali excess is necessary to obtain phase pure thin films with homogeneous microstructure. Nanoindentation was used to investigate the effect of doping with 0.5 mol% Ca2+, on the hygroscopicity of KNN thin films. This was done by looking at the change in mechanical properties after exposure the films to an aqueous solution at 37 ◦C for 0 to 14 days. The mechanical properties showed relatively small changes after soaking, and only marginally improved stability of the mechanical properties was observed with Ca2+ doping. Although both KNN and Ca-KNN thin films displayed weak and leaky ferroelectric hysteresis loops, doping with 0.5 mol% Ca2+ subtly improved the saturation polarisation, and slightly enhanced the piezoelectric coefficient (18.6 ±0.16 pC N−1) compared to pure KNN thin films (17.44 ±0.69 pC N−1). The results from this work imply that further improvements of the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties are necessary. However, the mechanical measurements are promising, and show that KNN thin films are potential candidates for biomedical applications.
Do Variations in Mast Cell Hyperplasia Account for Differences in Radiation-Induced Lung Injury among Different Mouse Strains, Rats and Nonhuman Primates?

The role of mast cell infiltrates in the pathology of radiation damage to the lung has been a subject of continuing investigation over the past four decades. This has been accompanied by a number of proposals as to how mast cells and the secretory products thereof participate in the generation of acute inflammation (pneumonitis) and the chronic process of collagen deposition (fibrosis). An additional pathophysiology examines the possible connection between mast cell hyperplasia and pulmonary hypertension through the release of vasoactive mediators. The timing and magnitude of pneumonitis and fibrosis are known to vary tremendously among different genetic mouse strains and animal species. Therefore, we have systematically compared mast cell numbers in lung sections from nine mouse strains, two rat strains and nonhuman primates (NHP) after whole thorax irradiation (WTI) at doses ranging from 10–15 Gy and at the time of entering respiratory distress. Mice of the BALB/c strain had a dramatic increase in interstitial mast cell numbers, similar to WAG/Rij and August rats, while relatively low levels of mast cell infiltrate were observed in other mouse strains (CBA, C3H, B6, C57L, WHT and TO mice). Enumeration of mast cell number in five NHPs (rhesus macaque), exhibiting severe pneumonitis at 17 weeks after 10 Gy WTI, also indicated a low response shared by the majority of mouse strains. There appeared to be no relationship between the mast cell response and the strain-dependent susceptibility towards pneumonitis or fibrosis. Further investigations are required to explore the possible participation of mast cells in mediating specific vascular responses and whether a genetically diverse mast cell response occurs in humans.
Overexpression of BAT3 Alleviates Prion Protein Fragment PrP106‐126‐Induced Neuronal Apoptosis

Prion diseases are a group of infectious neurodegenerative diseases characterized by neuronal death and degeneration. Human leukocyte antigen‐B‐associated transcript 3 (BAT3) is an important apoptosis regulator. We therefore investigated the interactions between BAT3 and prion protein and the potential role of BAT3 in PrP106‐126‐induced apoptosis.
Projection of waste quantities: The case of e-waste of the People’s Republic of China

Although waste quantification and projection are important data for waste management, the reliability of their results is difficult to verify. The present study attempted to identify the best waste quantification methods using e-waste quantification studies of mainland China as case studies. Large discrepancies in the predicted amounts of e-waste generated were found no matter whether the same or different methods of estimation are used. Moreover, even when agreements between studies were found, the agreed figures were not necessarily the correct figures. However, since without hindsight it is not possible to tell whether a projection figure is accurate, the convergence rule and a prudent approach to counting on studies conducted with meticulous scientific procedures should be adopted. Two worrying trends are noted. First, the transparency of data collection and computation methods in these studies was not high; second, irresponsible citation practices were found to have already spread to academic studies. As a result, leading organizations in the academic community should consider establishing a platform devoted to the reporting of false or dubious citations.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with coronary artery calcification

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to risk factors of coronary artery disease, such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, which are closely linked with visceral adiposity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether NAFLD was associated with coronary artery calcification (CAC), which is used as a surrogate marker for coronary atherosclerosis independent of computed tomography (CT)‐measured visceral adiposity. Out of 5,648 subjects who visited one of our health screening centers between 2003 and 2008, we enrolled 4,023 subjects (mean age, 56.9 ± 9.4 years; 60.7% males) without known liver disease or a history of ischemic heart disease. CAC score was evaluated using the Agatston method. On univariate analysis, the presence of CAC (score >0) was significantly associated with age, sex, body mass index, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and increased risk of diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and NAFLD. Increasing CAC scores (0, <10, 10‐100, ≥100) were associated with higher prevalence of NAFLD (odds ratio [OR], 1.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.61‐2.10; P<0.001). Multivariable ordinal regression analysis was adjusted for traditional risk factors, and CT‐measured visceral adipose tissue area in a subgroup of subjects showed that the increased CAC scores were significantly associated with the presence of NAFLD (OR, 1.28, 95% CI, 1.04‐1.59; P = 0.023) independent of visceral adiposity. Conclusion: Patients with NAFLD are at increased risk for coronary atherosclerosis independent of classical coronary risk factors, including visceral adiposity. These data suggest that NAFLD might be an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. (HEPATOLOGY 2012)
Chapter 10:Beyond Thermogels – Other Forms of Noncovalently Formed Polymeric Hydrogels

Chemically crosslinked covalent hydrogels form a permanent and often strong network, and they have been extensively used in drug delivery and tissue engineering. Noncovalently formed hydrogels show promise as inherently reversible systems with an ability to change in response to dynamic environments, and they have garnered strong interest recently. In this chapter, we describe a few key attractive properties of noncovalent hydrogels and summarise recent developments in hydrogels crosslinked using various noncovalent interactions. These hydrogels offer control of modulating material properties and are more relevant mimics of biological systems.
Association of Sweet Taste Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Dental Caries Experience in School Children

Sweet taste is a powerful factor influencing food acceptance. The peripheral taste response to sugar is mediated by the TAS1R2/TAS1R3 taste receptors. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between TAS1R2 (rs35874116 or rs9701796) and/or TAS1R3 (rs307355) single nucleotide polymorphisms with dental caries experience in schoolchildren. A total of 184 schoolchildren aged between 7 and 12 years (101 girls, 83 boys) were included in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples and the genotypes were identified by qPCR. The genotype frequencies were as follows: 6.6% for homozygous wild type, 41.8% for heterozygous and 51.6% for homozygous polymorphic genotype carriers of TAS1R2 gene rs35874116; 27.8% for heterozygous and 72.2% for homozygous polymorphic genotype carriers of TAS1R2 gene rs9701796, and 83.1% for homozygous wild type and 16.9% for heterozygous genotype carriers of TAS1R3 gene rs307355 polymorphism. A significant association was observed between total caries experience (dft + DMFT - decayed filled primary teeth + decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth) and TAS1R2 rs35874116 (p = 0.008) and TAS1R3 rs307355 (p = 0.04) gene polymorphisms but not for TAS1R2 gene rs9701796 polymorphism. TAS1R3 gene rs307355 polymorphism has been found to be an independent risk factor for dental caries experience by logistic regression analysis and to have increased the risk of caries. Moderate caries experience (4-7 caries) was found to be associated with TAS1R3 rs307355 heterozygous genotype, whereas high-risk caries experience (>8 caries) was found to be associated with TAS1R2 rs35874116 homozygous polymorphic genotype.
Modeling stigma, help-seeking attitudes, and intentions to seek behavioral healthcare in a clinical military sample.

OBJECTIVE This study examined the relationship between public and self-stigma of seeking behavioral health services, and help-seeking attitudes and intent in a sample of active duty military personnel currently being assessed for traumatic brain injuries in a military health center. Although it has been suggested that many military personnel in need of care do not seek services due to concerns with stigma it is not fully clear what role different types of stigma play in the process. METHOD Using previously collected data from a clinical sample of 97 military personnel, we conducted path analyses to test the mediation effects of self-stigma on the relationship between public stigma and attitudes toward and intentions to seek behavioral health care. RESULTS In contrast to a model of military stigma but in line with research with civilian samples, results from this study indicate that self-stigma fully mediates the relationship between public stigma and help-seeking attitudes and intentions. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE These results indicate that programming aimed at increasing mental health care use in the military might best focus on reducing self-stigma associated with seeking mental health services.
NANOMATERIALS-BASED SENSORS FOR PEROXYNITRITE DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION

Peroxynitrite (ONOO, PON) plays a crucial role in several cardiovascular dysfunctions and other diseases triggered by oxidative stress. PON is a strong oxidizing agent produced from the diffusion-controlled reaction between nitric oxide radical (NO) and superoxide anion-radical (O2 ). It is also a member of the reactive oxygen nitrogen species family, which attacks vital components inside the body and initiates deleterious effects via direct and indirect interactions. PON reacts directly with lipids, DNA, and proteins, whereas indirectly, it acts as an initiator of radical-chain reactions. In this work, we have explored various interfaces of manganese-oxide-decorated graphene/hemin and selenium containing compound for PON detection and quantification. The combination of manganese oxide nanoparticles with the graphene/hemin matrix has allowed for more hemin molecules to be adsorbed on the final composite matrix. As a result, the adsorbed hemin has enhanced the catalytic activity of the final composite and improved the sensitivity towards PON detection. In the same context, a seleniumcontaining compound (aniline-selenide) has been synthesized and grafted on the electrode surface using the chemistry of diazonium salt. The aniline-selenide-modified electrode showed an increase of approximately 40 times the catalytic current as the aniline-modified electrode. Throughout this project, the preparation methods of the electroactive nanomaterials were described in detail. Moreover, the characterizations of the prepared-materials have