Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proportional-resonant control method of three-phase grid-connected inverter

In recent years, the research on control strategy of three-phase grid-connected inverter has attracted significant attention. Proportion integration (PI) control method is widely utilized to control the grid-connected inverter. However, coordinate transformation is an essential and complex step during the design process of the conventional PI controller. It is difficult to implement in practice due to the complex coordinate transformation. The proportional-resonant (PR) control method of the three-phase grid-connected inverter is proposed, where the conventional PI controller is replaced by PR controller. PR controller has a simple structure as the complex coordinate transformation can be neglected. In order to improve the power factor and the stability of the system, double closed loop structure is also introduced in the proposed control strategy. In the end, simulation software is developed, and the simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
ON THE CONVERGENCE OF FORMAL MAPPINGS

Let f : (M,p) ! (M ' ,p ' ) be a formal (holomorphic) nonde- generate map, i.e. with formal holomorphic Jacobian Jf not identically vanishing, between two germs of real analytic generic submanifolds in C n , n � 2, p ' = f(p). Assuming the target manifold to be real algebraic, and the source manifold to be minimal at p in the sense of Tumanov, we prove the convergence of the so-called reflection mapping associated to f. From this, we deduce the convergence of such mappings from minimal real analytic generic submanifolds into real algebraic holomorphically nondegenerate ones, as well as related results on partial convergence of such maps. For the proofs, we establish a principle of analyticity for formal CR power series. This principle can be used to reobtain the convergence of formal mappings of real analytic CR manifolds under a standard nondegeneracy condition.
Effect of respiratory muscle endurance training in patients with COPD undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation.

BACKGROUND Respiratory muscle endurance training (hyperpnea training) has been shown to have beneficial effects in patients with COPD. STUDY OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine whether hyperpnea training, when added to an endurance exercise training program, would lead to additional benefits compared with endurance training alone in patients with COPD. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Patients with COPD entering an 8-week outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program. Fifteen patients (mean [+/- SE] FEV1, 45 +/- 6% predicted) were randomized to combined therapy, and 14 patients (mean FEV1, 44 +/- 4% predicted) were randomized to endurance training. METHODS Peak exercise capacity, exercise endurance time during constant workload cycle exercise, 6-min walk distance, quality of life as measured by the chronic respiratory questionnaire, respiratory muscle strength and endurance, and quadriceps fatigability were measured before and after endurance or combined training. RESULTS After rehabilitation, peak exercise capacity, exercise endurance time, 6-min walk distance, and quality of life all increased in both groups, but there was no significant difference in the extent of improvement between groups. Mean respiratory muscle endurance increased to a significantly greater extent in the combined therapy group (17.5 +/- 2.7 vs 8.5 +/- 2.5 min, respectively; p = 0.02). Respiratory muscle strength was significantly increased, and quadriceps fatigability was significantly reduced after rehabilitation in the combined therapy group but not in the endurance training group, but the difference between groups did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION The endurance of the respiratory muscles can be improved by specific training beyond that achieved by endurance training alone in patients with COPD. However, this improvement did not translate into additional improvement in quality of life or exercise performance.
ATIIVIDADE FÍSICA NA PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE E QUALIDADE DE VIDA

From the antiquity the physical activity has been prescribed in the treatment and prevention of several illnesses. In the modern world some studies show the importance of the physical activity in the conditions of the man's health. We know that the lifestyle is one of the factors that cause disease in the current society, owed mainly to the sedentary life and unhealthy life habits in the feeding, therefore the physical activity becomes indispensable to avoid several illnesses that cause disability and precocious death. The measure that the people increase their levels of physical conditioning, they move forward towards a better quality of life with full accomplishment social, psychic, spiritual and laboral, surpassing the stress and the depression. The life activates represents economy, reducing futures medical expenses, decreasing deep responsibilities to the family and the society. The regulate physical activity it serves as a strategy of positive health, an amusement amid the lifestyle disturbed that the human beings take in the technological world of the present time, where the home, the family and the personal values are in an inferiority plan.
Electrical Microstimulation of the Pulvinar Biases Saccade Choices and Reaction Times in a Time-Dependent Manner

The pulvinar complex is interconnected extensively with brain regions involved in spatial processing and eye movement control. Recent inactivation studies have shown that the dorsal pulvinar (dPul) plays a role in saccade target selection; however, it remains unknown whether it exerts effects on visual processing or at planning/execution stages. We used electrical microstimulation of the dPul while monkeys performed saccade tasks toward instructed and freely chosen targets. Timing of stimulation was varied, starting before, at, or after onset of target(s). Stimulation affected saccade properties and target selection in a time-dependent manner. Stimulation starting before but overlapping with target onset shortened saccadic reaction times (RTs) for ipsiversive (to the stimulation site) target locations, whereas stimulation starting at and after target onset caused systematic delays for both ipsiversive and contraversive locations. Similarly, stimulation starting before the onset of bilateral targets increased ipsiversive target choices, whereas stimulation after target onset increased contraversive choices. Properties of dPul neurons and stimulation effects were consistent with an overall contraversive drive, with varying outcomes contingent upon behavioral demands. RT and choice effects were largely congruent in the visually-guided task, but stimulation during memory-guided saccades, while influencing RTs and errors, did not affect choice behavior. Together, these results show that the dPul plays a primary role in action planning as opposed to visual processing, that it exerts its strongest influence on spatial choices when decision and action are temporally close, and that this choice effect can be dissociated from motor effects on saccade initiation and execution. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Despite a recent surge of interest, the core function of the pulvinar, the largest thalamic complex in primates, remains elusive. This understanding is crucial given the central role of the pulvinar in current theories of integrative brain functions supporting cognition and goal-directed behaviors, but electrophysiological and causal interference studies of dorsal pulvinar (dPul) are rare. Building on our previous studies that pharmacologically suppressed dPul activity for several hours, here we used transient electrical microstimulation at different periods while monkeys performed instructed and choice eye movement tasks, to determine time-specific contributions of pulvinar to saccade generation and decision making. We show that stimulation effects depend on timing and behavioral state and that effects on choices can be dissociated from motor effects.
The role of an elementary school principal in the retention of novice teachers: A micropolitical case study

The Role of an Elementary School Principal in the Retention of Novice Teachers: A Micropolitical Case Study. (May 2012) Elizabeth Ann Greninger, B.A., Villanova University; M.S., University of Pennsylvania Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Terah Venzant Chambers Teachers are leaving the education profession at alarming rates and the attrition of teachers has become a serious issue for many schools and districts around the country. The purpose of this study was to investigate the retention and attrition patterns in one elementary school through the lens of micropolitical theory; in particular, principal decision-making processes, leadership activities, and the relationship between principal and teachers were studied. This qualitative, single case exploration included classroom observations, document analysis, and focus group and individual interviews with one principal, seven novice teachers, and one lead mentor. The data was analyzed using categorical aggregation and a constant comparative analysis. Study findings provided evidence that a negative micropolitical state was present at the school under study, including an absence of shared values and goals, lack of positive interpersonal relations, and lack of collegiality, all of which served to discourage the growth of novice teachers as developing professionals. Teacher perceptions revealed that they were less than satisfied with their chosen profession, particularly lacking contentment with the principal leadership.
Submandibular Gland Transfer for the Prevention of Postradiation Xerostomia in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Submandibular gland transfer has been widely used to prevent postradiation xerostomia in head-and-neck cancers. However, there are still some controversies. Methods: Six databases were searched, data extraction was performed and the risk of bias was assessed by 2 reviewers independently. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager, version 5.2. Results: A total of 7 trials (12 articles) and 369 participants were included. Conclusions: The present clinical evidence suggests that submandibular gland transfer might be highly effective to prevent postradiation xerostomia in head-and-neck cancers without serious adverse events. However, more randomized controlled trials are still needed to confirm this conclusion.
Human monoclonal antibodies to glycolipids and other carbohydrate antigens: dissection of the humoral immune response in cancer patients.

Of the many fields of study that have benefited by monoclonal antibody technology, the analysis of molecules that comprise the mammalian cell surface has been particularly revolution ized. Although conventional serology with immune sera had built an admirable edifice of knowledge about blood group antigens, histocompatibility antigens, and differentiation anti gens in mice and humans, the advent of monoclonal antibodies has revealed how much more there was to learn about the rich diversity of molecules displayed on the cell surface. Every aspect of the study of surface antigens has been greatly facilitated by monoclonal antibodies, from biochemical characterization, tis sue distribution, and chromosomal mapping to cloning the genetic sequences coding the antigens. In the study of surface antigens in human cancer, most attention has been focused on monoclonal antibodies of mouse origin, and a rather compre hensive picture of surface glycoprotein and glycolipid antigens has begun to emerge (1-4). Comparable information about the repertoire of human cancer antigens recognized by human monoclonal antibodies has lagged behind, primarily because of technical difficulties involved in generating and stabilizing hu man monoclonal antibodies secreting clones. Although these problems have not been completely solved, techniques for pro ducing human monoclonal antibodies have advanced to the stage that the human humoral response to human cancer can be assessed at a clonal level. This survey is just beginning, but it is already clear that the frequency of antibodies to glycolipids, particularly gangliosides, is particularly high. Reactivity against some of these gangliosides was unpredicted on the basis of serum serology and expression in normal tissues; thus surprises can be expected with regard to the immunogenicity of normal autoantigens as well as tumor antigens. To provide a perspective on the emerging new information about glycolipid immunoge nicity that will be forthcoming through the analysis of human monoclonal antibodies, we will summarize current knowledge about (a) the structure of neutral and acidic glycolipids found in normal and neoplastic human tissues, (b) the specificity of standard mouse monoclonal antibodies recognizing major gly colipid structures, and (c) the immunogenicity of glycolipids surmised through the analysis of antibodies present in sera of normal individuals and individuals with cancer and autoim mune diseases. We will then discuss what is known of the reactivity and fine specificity of the antiglycolipid human mono clonal antibodies that have been isolated to date and conclude by reviewing ongoing applications of human monoclonal anti body methodology and technical limits restricting its usefulness.
Informal Caregiving and Retirement Timing among Men and Women

Informal caregiving, or the provision of unpaid, voluntary care to elderly or disabled family and friends, is an increasingly common experience for both men and women in late midlife. The authors examine the ways in which informal caregiving influences the transition to retirement and how this relationship is shaped by gender. Our data are 763 pension-eligible men and women in the 1994-1995 Cornell Retirement and Well-Being Study. Results from discrete-time event history analyses indicate that certain types of caregiving shape the timing of retirement but that the association depends on the relationship between caregiver and care recipient and is fundamentally moderated by gender. For example, wives caring for their husbands have retirement odds 5 times greater than women who are not caregivers, whereas husbands caring for their wives are substantially slower to retire. Our evidence suggests that in this sample, caregiving responsibilities lead to increased sex role-typical employment behavior in late midlife.
Illiberal Means to Liberal Ends? Understanding Recent Immigrant Integration Policies in Europe

A number of European governments have pronounced multiculturalism a failure and opted for more aggressive means of integrating immigrants into their societies. This paper asks what we are to make of this trend: does it reflect deeply rooted illiberal prejudice or a novel shift in liberal-democratic states' approaches to nation-building? I suggest that aggressive integrationism is reflective of a distinctly ‘Schmittian’ liberalism, which aims to clarify the core values of liberal societies and use coercive state power to protect them from illiberal and putatively dangerous groups. In contrast to liberal multiculturalists, who counsel accommodation, compromise and negotiation among majority and minority groups, Schmittian liberals see the task of immigrant integration as part of a broader campaign to preserve ‘Western civilisation’ from illiberal threats. Their framing of the problem in existentialist terms allows them to justify policies that might otherwise be seen to contravene liberal principles of toleration and equality. As such, Schmittian liberalism complicates our understanding of liberal states' approaches to immigration and immigrant integration policies.
Relationships Among Motivational Climate, Satisfaction, Perceived Ability, and Fair Play Attitudes in Young Soccer Players

The present study examined relationships among perceptions of motivational climate, perceived ability, satisfaction and fair play attitudes in young soccer players. Participants were 472 male Catalan players (from 10 to 14 years). Results indicated that perceptions of a task-involving climate were positively associated with satisfaction in practices and self-referenced perceived ability and were inversely related to rough play attitudes and normative perceived ability. In addition, perceptions of an ego-involving motivational climate were related positively with normative perceived ability and with favorable attitudes towards winning in a soccer game. The differences across motivational climate profiles groups revealed that the highest level of acceptance of rough play was found in the subgroup with a low-task/high-ego orientation. In contrast, the lowest level of acceptance of rough play was found in the opposite subgroup of high-task/low-ego. The findings support the importance of creating a task-involving climate in sports.
Diffeomorphism-invariant generalized measures on the space of connections modulo gauge transformations

The notion of a measure on the space of connections modulo gauge transformations that is invariant under diffeomorphisms of the base manifold is important in a variety of contexts in mathematical physics and topology. At the formal level, an example of such a measure is given by the Chern-Simons path integral. Certain measures of this sort also play the role of states in quantum gravity in Ashtekar's formalism. These measures define link invariants, or more generally multiloop invariants; as noted by Witten, the Chern-Simons path integral gives rise to the Jones polynomial, while in quantum gravity this observation is the basis of the loop representation due to Rovelli and Smolin. Here we review recent work on making these ideas mathematically rigorous, and give a rigorous construction of diffeomorphism-invariant measures on the space of connections modulo gauge transformations generalizing the recent work of Ashtekar and Lewandowski. This construction proceeds by doing lattice gauge theory on graphs analytically embedded in the base manifold.
Phase patterning for ohmic homojunction contact in MoTe2

Making better contacts A key issue in fabricating transistors is making a good electrical contact to the semiconductor gate material. For two-dimensional materials, one route is through a phase transition that converts a hexagonally packed semiconductor phase into a distorted octahedrally packed metallic phase. Cho et al. show that laser heating of molybdenum telluride (MoTe2) achieves this conversion through the creation of Te vacancies. The phase transition improves charge carrier mobility while maintaining the low resistance necessary for improved transistor function. Science, this issue p. 625 A laser-heating method creates a metallic phase on semiconducting molybdenum telluride. Artificial van der Waals heterostructures with two-dimensional (2D) atomic crystals are promising as an active channel or as a buffer contact layer for next-generation devices. However, genuine 2D heterostructure devices remain limited because of impurity-involved transfer process and metastable and inhomogeneous heterostructure formation. We used laser-induced phase patterning, a polymorph engineering, to fabricate an ohmic heterophase homojunction between semiconducting hexagonal (2H) and metallic monoclinic (1T’) molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) that is stable up to 300°C and increases the carrier mobility of the MoTe2 transistor by a factor of about 50, while retaining a high on/off current ratio of 106. In situ scanning transmission electron microscopy results combined with theoretical calculations reveal that the Te vacancy triggers the local phase transition in MoTe2, achieving a true 2D device with an ohmic contact.
Seasonal and spatial variation of nearshore hydrographic conditions in central Chile Diego A . Narv ! aez ,

Numerous oceanographic processes involved in the transport and survival of larval stages of marine organisms, as well as, in nutrient and phytoplankton delivery, occur in nearshore waters. Yet, while large-scale oceanographic patterns are relatively well known for central Chile, little information exists on temporal and spatial variation in the nearshore environment. In this study, we examined the inner shelf hydrography of two sites in central Chile separated by 15 km and with slightly different coastline orientation. Our results show that both sites follow the general oceanographic patterns described for the region, with a well mixed water column and spatial homogeneity in winter months and the onset of a thermocline in spring and through the summer, when upwelling favorable winds intensified. However, despite the proximity of the sites, persistent differences in surface temperature, salinity, stratification, and chlorophyll-a concentration, as well as in the intensity of wind forcing were detected. Time series and cross-correlation analyses between wind and temperature, as well as satellite images, suggest that the intensity and frequency of upwelling varies between these sites, probably due to differences in coastline orientation. The potential existence of a localized upwelling shadow at one site and the influence of riverine input are discussed. The meso-scale oceanographic differences described in this study can have important consequences on the dynamics of nearshore ecosystems and should be born in mind when designing conservation or management strategies. r 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Single-sector thermophysiological human simulator

Thermal sweating manikins are used to analyse the heat and mass transfer phenomena in the skin–clothing–environment system. However, the limiting factor of present thermal manikins is their inability to simulate adequately the human thermal behaviour, which has a significant effect on the clothing microenvironment. A mathematical model of the human physiology was, therefore, incorporated into the system control to simulate human thermoregulatory responses and the perception of thermal comfort over a wide range of environmental and personal conditions. Thereby, the computer model provides the physiological intelligence, while the hardware is used to measure the required calorimetric states relevant to the human heat exchange with the environment. This paper describes the development of a single-sector thermophysiological human simulator, which consists of a sweating heated cylinder ‘Torso’ coupled with the iesd-Fiala multi-node model of human physiology and thermal comfort. Validation tests conducted for steady-state and, to some extent, transient conditions ranging from cold to hot revealed good agreement with the corresponding experimental results obtained for semi-nude subjects. The new coupled system enables overall physiological and comfort responses, health risk and survival conditions to be predicted for adult humans for various scenarios.
A user interaction paradigm for physical browsing and near-object control based on tags

paper, we present a user interaction paradigm for physical browsing and universal remote control. The paradigm is based on three simple actions for selecting objects: pointing, scanning and touching. We also analyse how RFID technology can be used to implement this paradigm. In a few scenarios, we show the po- tential of augmenting physical objects and environment with digital information.