Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison between Fermion Bag Approach and Complex Langevin Dynamics for Massive Thirring Model at Finite Density in 0 + 1 Dimensions

We consider the massive Thirring model at finite density in 0+1 dimension. The fermion bag approach, Langevin dynamics and complex Langevin dynamics are adopted to attack the sign problem for this model. Compared with the complex Langevin dynamics, both fermion bag approach and Langvin dynamics avoid the sign problem. The fermion density and chiral condensate, which are obtained by these numerical methods, are compared with the exact results. The advantages of the fermion bag approach over the other numerical methods are also discussed.
Best Practices for Accelerating Healthy Environmental Policy from Organisation and Government Institutions in Indonesia

This study discussed the escalation of healthy environmental policies by parties such as environmental organizations and the government. We designed this research in a qualitative descriptive manner where we extracted information from several sources. Then we researched it until we got an answer to finish the discussion. We examine this study under a phenomenological approach. Likewise, data analysis involves data coding, high evaluation, in-depth interpretation, and data organization. After discussing the results, we conclude, among others, that the best practices for accelerating healthy environmental policies by the government and other organizations in the country have helped publicize the government's commitment to maintaining a healthy environment, including conducting seminars, workshops by related organizations, supporting symposiums organized by the government. Other best practices are the healthy living community movement driven by the private sector and the environmental love movement to save the earth is also carried out by various non-governmental organizations, all of which want to encourage the acceleration of policies and Implementation of maintaining a healthy environment in Indonesia. It is hoped that these results will be helpful in future similar studies.
The importance of psychological flow in a creative, embodied and enactive psychological therapy approach (Arts for the Blues)

Abstract Psychological flow can be experienced in various occupational, recreational and creative domains and may confer increased well-being. Yet, very few studies have examined flow as a potential feature of creative arts therapies – particularly therapies which prioritise embodied/enactive processes. This study tested the acute effects of a 90-minute workshop (Arts for the Blues; A4B) on participants’ (N = 18) mood and personal goal attainment. Psychological flow was measured, and participants rated the importance of flow in relation to A4B’s psychotherapeutic aims. Results show significantly improved mood, increased goal attainment and substantial flow scores, suggesting that A4B processes may invoke flow. Participants’ importance ratings of different flow dimensions indicate that some were considered as more important than others. Results are discussed in relation to methodological limitations, helpful creative therapeutic factors that may enable flow, and implications for researchers and practitioners who wish to encourage flow in their practice.
Sustained Effects of Animal-Assisted Crisis Response on Stress in School Shooting Survivors

Animal-assisted crisis response (AACR) is an intervention that harnesses the human-animal bond for therapeutic benefit through specially trained animal-handler teams deployed to provide comfort following a mass traumatic event. During the months and years following the shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School on February 14, 2018, therapy animals joined the campus community to promote healing and stress reduction. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the sustained effects on bonding and stress in a sample of survivors of the tragedy who participated in animal-assisted crisis response. Data was collected through a quasi-experimental study of three intervention groups (i.e., discussion of AACR, viewing photos related to AACR, and engaging with therapy animals). Cortisol analysis indicated a reduction in stress post-intervention across groups with the largest difference in the therapy animal interaction group. Implications for AACR and addressing the psychological effects of mass traumas are provided.
Rotational evolution of the Crab pulsar in the wind braking model

The pulsar wind model is updated by considering the effect of particle density and pulsar death. It can describe both the short-term and long-term rotational evolution of pulsars consistently. It is applied to model the rotational evolution of the Crab pulsar. The pulsar is spun down by a combination of magnetic dipole radiation and particle wind. The parameters of the Crab pulsar, including magnetic field, inclination angle, and particle density are calculated. The primary particle density in acceleration region is about 103 times the Goldreich-Julian charge density. The lower braking index between glitches is due to a larger outflowing particle density. This may be glitch induced magnetospheric activities in normal pulsars. Evolution of braking index and the Crab pulsar in P - (P) over dot diagram are calculated. The Crab pulsar will evolve from magnetic dipole radiation dominated case towards particle wind-dominated case. Considering the effect of pulsar 'death', the Crab pulsar (and other normal pulsars) will not evolve to the cluster of magnetars but downwards to the death valley. Different acceleration models are also considered. Applications to other sources are also discussed, including pulsars with braking index measured, and the magnetar population.
Deformable voxel grids for shape comparisons

We present Deformable Voxel Grids (DVGs) for 3D shapes comparison and processing. It consists of a voxel grid which is deformed to approximate the silhouette of a shape, via energy-minimization. By interpreting the DVG as a local coordinates system, it provides a better embedding space than a regular voxel grid, since it is adapted to the geometry of the shape. It also allows to deform the shape by moving the control points of the DVG, in a similar manner to the Free Form Deformation, but with easier interpretability of the control points positions. After proposing a computation scheme of the energies compatible with meshes and pointclouds, we demonstrate the use of DVGs in a variety of applications: correspondences via cubification, style transfer, shape retrieval and PCA deformations. The first two require no learning and can be readily run on any shapes in a matter of minutes on modest hardware. As for the last two, they require to first optimize DVGs on a collection of shapes, which amounts to a pre-processing step. Then, determining PCA coordinates is straightforward and brings a few parameters to deform a shape.
Perceptions Environmental and Health Impacts of Cruise Activity in the Roatan Ports

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of different stakeholders on the environmental impacts of cruise ship activity in the port of Roatan, Honduras, as an activity that has an impact on the region’s blue economy. A descriptive qualitative research design was applied, with 30 people directly related to the cruise ship activity participating in the study. Data collection was carried out through structured interviews with pre-codes based on Green Marine Management performance indicators. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the verbal data. From the analysis of the data, conclusions were drawn that there is a generalized perception of the fundamental role in the control and assurance of the environmental impact of the maritime authorities; however, there is evidence of a lack of specialization in the areas of traceability, which could have an impact on the ecosystem and the health of the population, showing a lack of leadership in the articulation of stakeholders.
The iTEBD algorithm beyond unitary evolution

The infinitetime-evolving block decimation (iTEBD) algorithm [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 070201 (2007)] allo ws to simulate unitary evolution and to compute the ground stat e of one-dimensional quantum lattice systems in the thermodynamic limit. Here we extend the algorithm to tac kle a much broader class of problems, namely the simulation of arbitrary one-dimensional evolution operat o s that can be expressed as a (translationally invariant) tensor network. Relatedly, we also address the problem of fin ding the dominant eigenvalue and eigenvector of a one-dimensional transfer matrix that can be expressed in th e same way. New applications include the simulation, in the thermodynamic limit, of open (i.e. master equation) d ynamics and thermal states in 1D quantum systems, as well as calculations with partition functions in 2D class ical systems, on which we elaborate. The present extension of the algorithm also plays a prominent role in the infinite projected entangled-pair states (iPEPS) approach to infinite 2D quantum lattice systems.
An Empirical Modeling of Far-End Crosstalk and Insertion Loss in Microstrip Lines

The difference in the dielectric permittivity of the different dielectric layers (including air) surrounding the microstrip is one of the major contributors to the far-end crosstalk (FEXT) in microstrip lines. The dielectric of the microstrip in printed circuit boards (PCBs) fabrication usually consists of two layers: the solder mask layer and the substrate layer. The characterization of the relative permittivity (${\boldsymbol{\varepsilon }}_{\boldsymbol{r}}$) and dielectric dissipation factor (tanδ) for the dielectric layers of the microstrip are important parameters for board-level electronic system designs. In addition, the foil surface roughness cannot be ignored for the conductor loss modeling. In this work, an extraction method with high accuracy is proposed to characterize the dielectric material and foil surface roughness properties from the measured S-parameters with known cross-sectional geometry up to 20 GHz. With the extracted properties, the FEXT and insertion loss of the microstrip can be estimated more accurately, providing design guidelines for PCB design and the material selection of the microstrip.
The Times Have Changed: Tracking the Evolution of Gender Norms Over Time

Data on job advertisements from 1950 up to 2020 reveal that there was a significant change among Swiss employers’ stated preferences regarding their prospective employees’ gender. More specifically, the proportion of gender-neutral job posts increased from 5 to almost 95 percent within the observation period. To further corroborate and contextualize this finding, I complement it with time series on the relative frequency of several specific queries, such as equality between men and women, from Google’s German language book corpus. These additional series are broadly consistent with the evolution of the share of gender-neutral job posts. However, it also appears that there are two distinct narratives, one concerned with the personal sphere, identity and intimate relationships, the other with the political and public realm. Interestingly, the narrative on personal relations set off considerably earlier than the change in the proportion of gender-neutral job ads. Overall, the evidence from the different data series shows that gender norms have changed substantively, yet in a complex manner, over the past decades.
Some Theoretical Aspects of Human Categorization Behavior: Similarity and Generalization

ii To my parents. I am indebted to many people who have provided support, help and encouragement over the last couple of years—without them this thesis would not have materialized. Above all I need to thank Felix Wichmann for his supervision and thoughtful advice on all aspects of this work, for teaching me how to run proper psychophysical experiments, and for the right encouragement at the right time. Very special thanks go to Bernhard Schölkopf for introducing me to kernel methods. Without his vision and without his support I would not have started working on this topic. It was a great pleasure and a great opportunity to work in his department that offers a unique and truly interdisciplinary environment for studying learning and perception in man and machine. Many thanks go to all members of AGBS for making the department a place where ideas and insights are happily shared and for making it a fun place to work at. Theresa Cooke, Dilan Görür, Malte Kuss, and I worked together on various projects. Steinke were kind enough to read large parts of this thesis at various stages and provided many helpful comments.
Dielectric properties of Ga2O3‐doped barium iron niobate ceramics

Ga‐doped BaFe0.5Nb0. 5O3 (Ba(Fe1–xGax)0.5Nb0. 5O3) ceramics were fabricated and their properties were investigated. All ceramics showed perovskite structure with cubic symmetry and the solubility of Ga in BFN ceramics had a limit at x = 0.2. Examination of the dielectric spectra indicated that all ceramic samples presented high dielectric constants that were frequency dependent. The x = 0.2 ceramic showed a very high dielectric constant (ϵr > 240 000 at 1 kHz) while the x = 0.4 sample exhibited high thermal stability of dielectric constant with low loss tangent from room temperature (RT) to 100 °C with ϵr > 28 000 (at 1 kHz) when compared to other samples. By using a complex impedance analysis technique, bulk grain, grain boundary, and electrode response were found to affect the dielectric behavior that could be related to the Maxwell–Wagner polarization mechanism
Global insect decline is the result of wilful political failure: A battle plan for entomology

Abstract The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment assessed ecosystem change, human wellbeing and scientific evidence for sustainable use of biological systems. Despite intergovernmental acknowledgement of the problem, global ecological decline has continued, including declines in insect biodiversity, which has received much media attention in recent years. Several roadmaps to averting biological declines have failed due to various economic and political factors, and so biodiversity loss continues, driven by several interacting human pressures. Humans are innately linked with nature but tend to take it for granted. The benefits we gain from the insect world are broad, yet aversion or phobias of invertebrates are common, and stand firmly in the path of their successful conservation. Providing an integrated synthesis for policy teams, conservation NGOs, academic researchers and those interested in public engagement, this article considers: (1) The lack of progress to preserve and protect insects. (2) Examples relating to insect decline and contributions insects make to people worldwide, and consequently what we stand to lose. (3) How to engage the public, governmental organizations and researchers through “insect contributions to people” to better address insect declines. International political will has consistently acknowledged the existence of biodiversity decline, but apart from a few narrow cases of charismatic megafauna, little meaningful change has been achieved. Public values are reflected in political willpower, the progress being made across the world, changing views on insects in the public should initiate a much‐needed political sea‐change. Taking both existing activity and required future actions, we outline an entomologist's “battle plan” to enormously expand our efforts and become the champions of insect conservation that the natural world needs.
Properties of massive star-forming clumps with infall motions

In this work, we aim to characterise high-mass clumps with infall motions. We selected 327 clumps from the Millimetre Astronomy Legacy Team 90-GHz (MALT90) survey, and identified 100 infall candidates. Combined with the results of He et al. (2015), we obtained a sample of 732 high-mass clumps, including 231 massive infall candidates and 501 clumps where infall is not detected. Objects in our sample were classified as pre-stellar, proto-stellar, HII or photo-dissociation region (PDR). The detection rates of the infall candidates in the pre-stellar, proto-stellar, HII and PDR stages are 41.2%, 36.6%, 30.6% and 12.7%, respectively. The infall candidates have a higher H$_{2}$ column density and volume density compared with the clumps where infall is not detected at every stage. For the infall candidates, the median values of the infall rates at the pre-stellar, proto-stellar, HII and PDR stages are 2.6$\times$10$^{-3}$, 7.0$\times$10$^{-3}$, 6.5$\times$10$^{-3}$ and 5.5$\times$10$^{-3}$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$, respectively. These values indicate that infall candidates at later evolutionary stages are still accumulating material efficiently. It is interesting to find that both infall candidates and clumps where infall is not detected show a clear trend of increasing mass from the pre-stellar to proto-stellar, and to the HII stages. The power indices of the clump mass function (ClMF) are 2.04$\pm$0.16 and 2.17$\pm$0.31 for the infall candidates and clumps where infall is not detected, respectively, which agree well with the power index of the stellar initial mass function (2.35) and the cold Planck cores (2.0).
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Temporary Spinal Cord Stimulation versus Pulsed Radiofrequency for Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Objectives The objective of this study is to compare the safety and effectiveness of the temporary spinal cord stimulation (SCS) versus pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) in treating postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Methods From September 1, 2019, to May 30, 2020, 44 PHN patients admitted to the Pain Department of the Foshan First People's Hospital, China were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to SCS and PRF groups in a ratio of 1 : 1 and were given respective therapy for 8 days. Rash, in all patients, was located in the trunk and extremities of the spinal nerve (C4-L5), and the pain intensity was greater than or equal to 7 points on the VAS scale. Subsequently, we evaluated the visual analogue scale (VAS), efficiency rate (ER), complete remission rate (CRR), daily sleep interference score (SIS), patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety disorder assessment (GAD-7), bodily pain (BP), and physical function (PF) sections of the 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) at the following time points: presurgery, as well as 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postsurgery. Results The final analysis was performed on 40 patients (n = 20 SCS cohort, and n = 20 PRF cohort). Both cohorts exhibited comparable baseline values (P > 0 : 05). Particularly, they were similar in age, sex, pain duration, involved dermatome, and comorbidity. Among the variables that demonstrated marked improvements from presurgical data to 1 week postsurgery were VAS, ER, CRR, SIS, PHQ-9, GAD-7, as well as BP and PF of the SF-36 in both cohorts. In addition, this improvement persisted for 6 months. There was no complication related to surgery in any of our patients. Conclusion Based on our analysis, SCS exhibited better efficacy and safety than PRF. This study was prospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100050647).
New complexity metric of chaotic pseudorandom sequences using fuzzy relationship entropy

A new complexity metric to evaluate the unpredictability of the chaotic pseudorandom sequences based on the fuzzy relationship entropy (F-REn) is proposed in the view of maximal randomness of the sequences with arbitrary length. On this condition,two basic properties of F-REn are proved. Simulations and analysis results show that, the proposed F-REn works effectively to discern the changing complexities of the chaotic pseudorandom sequences, and compared with complexity metric based on the approximate entropy(ApEn) and symbolic dynamics approach , F-REn works have obvious advantages in the applicability of symbolic space, the sensitivity of vector dimension and the robustness of resolution parameter.
A study on incidence of vestibular deficits in children with sensory neural hearing loss by using cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (cVEMP)

This study was conducted from an Audiology & rehabilitation clinic in Kerala- India from January 2022 to August 2022.In both evolutionary and embryonic perspective, the organs responsible for hearing and balance (auditory & vestibular system) have a common origin and developmental pattern. Sensory neural hearing loss (SNHL) is a common congenital sensory deficit occurring in large number of children and it is extensively investigated and has well defined management protocols such as hearing aids or cochlear implants and speech-language rehabilitation. But in comparison with the case of SNHL, very little effort has been done to investigate and treat the vestibular deficits which can co-occur along with SNHL. This study is an attempt to throw some light about the incidence of vestibular deficits in hearing impaired children. It was found that abnormal/absent VEMP responses were found in 57% of children with SNHL. VEMP responses were completely absent in 65% of ears with severe to profound hearing loss. Vestibular dysfunction was also present in 19% of children with moderate to moderately severe hearing loss. Incidence of vestibular deficits increases in higher degree of hearing loss such as severe to profound category. Motor delay was also reported in 10 out of 26 participants in this study which could be attributed to lack of visual motor development in children with vestibular deficits. However a large number of vestibular deficits in children with SNHL still remain under reported and uninvestigated which points to the need for conducting vestibular assessment in children diagnosed with SNHL.
Cladribine Reduces Trans-Endothelial Migration of Memory T Cells across an In Vitro Blood–Brain Barrier

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) induced by immune dysregulation. Cladribine has been championed for its clinical efficacy with relatively minor side effects in treating MS. Although it is proposed that cladribine exerts an anti-migratory effect on lymphocytes at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in addition to its lymphocyte-depleting and modulating effects, this has not been properly studied. Here, we aimed to determine if cladribine treatment influences trans-endothelial migration of T cell subsets across an inflamed BBB. Human brain endothelial cells stimulated with pro-inflammatory cytokines were used to mimic the BBB. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from healthy controls, untreated and cladribine-treated MS patients. The trans-endothelial migration of CD4+ effector memory T (TEM) and CD8+ central memory T (TCM) cells was reduced in cladribine-treated MS patients. CD28 expression was decreased on both CD4+ TEM and CD8+ TCM cells, suggesting lowered peripheral activation of these cells thereby maintaining the integrity of the BBB. In addition, these cells have likely reconstituted following cladribine treatment, revealing a long-term anti-migratory effect. These results highlight new mechanisms by which cladribine acts to control MS pathogenesis.