Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A PRACTICAL WAY FOR ESTIMATING TAIL DEPENDENCE FUNCTIONS

Estimating tail dependence functions is important for applications of multivariate extreme value theory, and only a fraction of the upper order statistics are involved in the estimation. How to choose the sample fraction or threshold is of importance in practice. Motivated by the recent methodologies on threshold selection for a tail index in Guillou and Hall (2001) and Peng (2009a), we apply the idea in Peng (2009a) to obtain a data-driven method for choosing the threshold in estimating a tail dependence function. Further we propose a simple bias-reduction estimator, and the combination of the bias-reduction estimator with the thresh- old selection procedure gives a satisfactory way of estimating a tail dependence function. This is supported by a simulation study. Moreover, a sub-sample boot- strap method is proposed to construct a confidence interval for a tail dependence function.
High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Winds Associated with T Tauri Stars

We carried out optical high-resolution spectroscopy of T Tauri stars using the Subaru Telescope. Using archived data from the Keck Telescope and the Very Large Telescope, we detected forbidden lines of [S II] at 4069 Å, in addition to those of [O I] at 5577 Å and 6300 Å, for 13 T Tauri stars. We consider that low-velocity components of these forbidden lines emanate from the wind associated with T Tauri stars. Using two flux ratios of the three lines, we simultaneously determined the hydrogen density and temperature of the winds. The winds of T Tauri stars have a hydrogen density of 2.5 × 106 cm−3 − 2.5 × 109 cm−3 and a temperature of 10800 –18 000 K. The mass loss rates by the wind are estimated to lie in the range from 2.0 × 10−10 M⊙ yr−1 to 1.4 × 10−9 M⊙ yr−1. The mass loss rates are found to increase with increasing mass accretion rates. The ratio of the mass loss rate to the mass accretion rate is 0.001–0.1 for classical T Tauri stars and 0.1–1 for transitional disk objects.
TWO GENERALIZED CONFORMING QUADRILATERAL THICK PLATE ELEMENTS BASED ON ANALYTICAL TRIAL FUNCTIONS

Two generalized conforming quadrilateral thick plate elements are developed in this paper. From the governing equations of Mindlin-Reissner plate theory, the fundamental analytical solutions are first derived and then used as the trial functions to formulate the element. Numerical examples show that the proposed elements, ATF-PQ4a and ATF-PQ4b, are free from shear locking and exhibit excellent performance.
Evaluating The Effect of Varying Occlusal Thicknesses On The Fracture Resistance Of The Lithium Disilicate Endocrowns: An In-Vitro Study

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of varying occlusal thickness on the fracture resistance of lithium disilicate endocrowns Material and Methods: Endocrown preparation was done on the mandibular first molar typodont tooth and a metal die was obtained. A total of 30 specimens, were divided into three groups with varying occlusal thickness of endocrowns; Group 1 (G1) = 2mm occlusal thickness, Group 2 (G2) = 4mm occlusal thickness, and Group 3 (G3) = 5.5mm occlusal thickness were fabricated. Specimens were placed on the Universal Testing Machine (UTM) and subjected to axial load. The maximum force which led to the fracture of endocrowns was recorded. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for intergroup comparisons and turkey’s pot hoc test for pairwise comparison was used. Results: Maximum fracture resistance was seen in group 3 (G3) with an occlusal thickness of 5.5mm (4253.5 N), followed by group 2 (G2) with an occlusal thickness of 4mm (2876.2 N) and least in group 1 (G1) with an occlusal thickness of 2mm (836.2 N). ANOVA for the intergroup comparison showed a high statistically significant difference in fracture resistance of lithium disilicate endocrowns between all the 3 groups (p<0.001). A statistically high significant difference was found in the fracture resistance of lithium disilicate endocrowns via post hoc Tukey’s test among all three groups. Conclusion: The fracture resistance of endocrowns fabricated from lithium disilicate increases with the increasing occlusal thickness of the endocrowns upon the axial loading.
Simulation Design and Characteristic Research of Electromagnetic Metasurface Absorber

: Electromagnetic metasurface technology is one of the most promising technologies for electromagnetic energy regulation. It is formed by an artificial periodic structure of discrete subwavelengths at the interface, allowing wavefront control and polarization control at the subwavelength scale, exhibiting a variety of special electromagnetic response capabilities, including abnormal beam bending, polarization transformation, electromagnetic wave absorption, etc. We propose a wide-angle, polarization-insensitive infrared perfect metasurface absorber made of an opaque gold ground layer, a dielectric spacer layer, and a hole-shaped gold patch on the spacer layer. The absorption spectrum of the metasurface absorber is simulated by the finite element method, and the results show that the absorber produces an absorption peak with a maximum absorption rate of 99.91% and a half-height and full width of 0.52um in the visible light band.
Is Knowledge Closed under Known Entailment

If you know that P is true, and you know that the truth of P guarantees the truth of Q, then you are thereby automatically in a position to know that Q is true. All you need to do is competently deduce Q. In short, knowledge is closed under known entailment. That is, roughly, what the epistemic closure principle says. Fred Dretske rejects the closure principle. Dretske points out that closure principles for mental states other than knowledge, such as regret, are false. Dretske also points out that there are intuitive counterexamples to the epistemic closure principle. For example, if you’re at the zoo and see black-and-white striped equine animals in the pen marked “Zebra,” you know that the animals are zebras; and their being zebras guarantees that they’re not cleverly painted mules; but many think you don’t know that they’re not cleverly painted mules. In his response to Dretske, John Hawthorne usefully distinguishes several versions of the closure principle, and defends his preferred version. Hawthorne argues that if we give up his preferred version of the closure principle, we’ll have to also give up the “Distribution” principle, which says that if you know the conjunction P and Q, and you’re able to deduce P therefrom, then you’re in a position to know P. Hawthorne argues furthermore that Dretske’s view runs into trouble when we combine it with the very plausible thesis that knowledge is the norm of assertion. Hawthorne also raises several problems for Dretske’s positive theory of knowledge, which features the notion of conclusive reasons.
Infrared Image Denoising Based on Improved Threshold and Inter-scale Correlations of Wavelet Transform

In order to remove noise in infrared images more e? ectively,an infrared image denoising method based on improved threshold and inter-scale correlations of wavelet transform is proposed.On the one hand,by using the threshold correction scheme and the new thresholding function,the wavelet threshold denoising method is improved.On the other hand,by utilizing inter-scale correlations to estimate wavelet coe? cients near a threshold,the accuracy to estimate wavelet coe? cients with threshold is increased.Experimental results show that compared to the wavelet threshold denoising method,the proposed method is more e? ective in infrared image denoising,achieves higher peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR),edge preserved index(EPI) and better visual quality,and has a good practicability.
A Study of BOS Investment Strategy Based on BP Neural Network Prediction

: As a new type of trading method, quantitative trading has been developing rapidly in recent years in developed countries such as the United States. By building BP neural network models and BOS models, we analyze the rise and fall of gold and bitcoin prices, develop the best trading strategies, and guide investors in their investment decisions. The future trading day prices of gold and bitcoin were predicted using the BP neural network model; based on the known historical data, the distribution law of the corresponding rise and fall and the distribution law of the number of consecutive rises and falls were obtained using the Apriori algorithm, respectively, to develop the BOS (buy or sell) system. The resulting return curves were found to have an annualized return of roughly 5.43% for gold and 56.86% for bitcoin, with a relatively smooth fluctuation for gold and a relatively large fluctuation for bitcoin. Then, the impact of the change in transaction cost on the BOS model and total return is investigated by varying the transaction cost several times. The model is discussed in three aspects to provide the best strategy.
The Child Tax Credit over Time by Family Type: Benefit Eligibility and Poverty

We examine disparities in Child Tax Credit (CTC) eligibility and antipoverty effects since 1998 by family type. Initially, single mothers were least likely to be eligible and were underrepresented among those lifted from poverty by the CTC, because the credit was virtually nonrefundable. By 2017, disparities by family type mostly disappear, as eligibility and antipoverty effectiveness of the CTC among single mothers increases dramatically because of reforms increasing CTC refundability. When the credit doubles in 2018, disparities revert toward initial levels, as eligibility and the antipoverty effectiveness of single mothers rises least, because of a phaseout threshold expansion and partial refundability.
Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Post-Stroke Depression

: Stroke is one of the public health problems widely concerned by many countries in the modern world. It is a kind of cerebrovascular disease with high risk. Most patients will have sequelae after stroke, such as hemiplegia, speech impairment, limited walking, etc. Depression is also one of the common sequelae. Patients are mainly characterized by low mood, unwilling to communicate with others, insomnia, and even negative thoughts of suicide. Post-stroke depression has adverse effects on patients and society, which greatly affects the normal life and work of patients and affects social stability. Western medicine treatment of post-stroke depression is mainly based on oral drugs, but it will bring many adverse reactions, such as drug resistance, dependence, and drug toxicity. Long-term medication treatment brings certain economic pressure. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a medicine with rich experience accumulated for a long time in China. It has a positive effect on the treatment of stroke and post-stroke depression. It has the characteristics of simplicity, low price and low toxicity, and is widely accepted by society and patients. There are various treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine. This article reviews a large number of clinical observations to clarify the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of post-stroke depression.
ROW AND COLUMN MATRICES IN MULTIPLE CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS WITH ORDERED CATEGORICAL AND DICHOTOMOUS VARIABLES

In multiple correspondence analysis, whenever the number of variables exceeds the number of observations, row matrix should be used, but if the number of variables is less than the number of observations column matrix is the suitable procedure to follow. One of the following matrices (rows, columns) leads to loss of information that can be found by the other method, therefore, this paper developed a proposal to overcome this problem, which is: to find a shortcut method allowing the use of the results of one matrix to obtain the results of the other matrix. Taking advantage of all information available, the phenomenon was studied. Some of these results are: Eigenvectors, factor loadings and factor scores based on ordered categorical and dichotomous data. This method is illustrated by using a real data set. Results were obtained by using Minitab program. As a result, it is possible to shortcut transformation between the results of row and column matrices depending on factor loadings and factor scores of the row and column matrices.
Random Sampling of Ordered Trees according to the Number of Occurrences of a Pattern

In this paper we describe an algorithm to automatically build the combinatoric specication of ordered trees according to their size and the number of occurrences of a given pattern. This specication can easily be converted into an algebraic system, enabling the use of classical analytic combinatorics methods including the ones used for random sampling. We also give a linear pattern matching algorithm which is an adaptation of the localization automaton on trees.
Numerical Simulation Of Three-dimensionalBubble Oscillations

The radial, axisymmetric, and three-dimensional shape oscillations of compressible bubbles with negligible density, suspended in an effectively inviscid ambient liquid, are reviewed and discussed with emphasis on the mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of the finite-amplitude motion. A generalized representation of the flow in the ambient liquid is presented, wherein the disturbance potential due to the bubble oscillations is described in terms of (a) an interfacial distribution of potential dipoles amounting to a double-layer harmonic potential, and (b) a point source situated inside the bubble accounting for changes in the bubble volume. In the numerical implementation, the interface is discretized into a surface grid of quadratic elements whose nodes are convected either with the liquid velocity or with the normal component of the liquid velocity. The strength density of the double-layer potential is interpolated isoparametrically based on the interfacial grid, and calculated by solving an integral equation of the second kind using an iterative method. Once the solution is available, the tangential and normal components of the interfacial velocity are evaluated, respectively, in terms of tangential derivatives of the harmonic or vector potential. The latter is evaluated as a single-layer potential in terms of the strength of the interfacial vortex sheet underlying the double-layer potential. Numerical instabilities are filtered out by smoothing the interfacial distribution of the potential by Fourier–Legendre spectrum truncation. The method is applied to simulate the simultaneous volume and shape oscillations of stationary and moving bubbles. The results confirm the occurrence of resonance and illustrate salient features of the three-dimensional nonlinear motion. www.witpress. com, ISSN 1755-8336 (on-line) WIT Transactions on State of the Art in Science and Engineering, Vol 6, © 2005 WIT Press doi:10.2495/1-85312-785-X/02 44 Instability of Flows
ADVANCE COLLABORATIVE FILTERING FOR IMAGE INPAINTING

Image inpainting is technique to recovering the missing or corrupted parts of an image so that the reconstructed image looks natural. Image Inpainting methods can be classified broadly into: Texture synthesis and Structure synthesis. We have chosen a combination of the above two methods combining the advantages of these algorithms because: Capable of inpainting large regions. Also some inpainting method cannot recover good result of the image. We have tried to provide a solution to this through our approach. Image Inpainting The function of this module would be to reconstruct the image based on the best exemplar approach. Non-local exemplar-based image inpainting techniques fill the target portion of the image using the best neighboring area. The exemplar based technique is work with combine both structure and texture synthesis. The method is based on patch filling process. So first find the best priority patch, and then highest priority patch will fill first. Now best match patch find from images to fill that patch. We present a bi-polar exemplar based method for filling in the missing information in an image. Which is combine like and dislike set. The method it fills the damaged region in an image, with surrounding color and texture. The algorithm is based on patch base filling process. Output result is also depends on mask that is defined by user. Using above experiment we conclude that output image quality is depend on patch size. From result we observe that if small scratch in image then small patch size gives batter results. Keywords—Texture, Structure, patch, image inpaint technique.
District and School Leaders’ Efforts Concerning the Public Gender Transition of a High School Teacher

Purpose This case study examined the efforts of district and school level leaders related to the public gender transition of one high school teacher over a 2-year period. We employed Theoharis’ (2007) conceptualization of social justice education leadership to guide our analysis. Research Methods This qualitative inquiry drew from in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the superintendent, transgender teacher, high school principal and relevant teacher union leaders. Related documents were also collected to triangulate the data sources. Data analysis involved open coding to identify themes and significant features of participants’ actions and experiences. Findings The findings are presented in the form of a chronological narrative about district and school leaders’ actions as one teacher underwent a public gender transition. Following this narrative, we explore three critical characteristics of the educational leaders’ actions: Collaborative communication, intentionality and anticipation, and framing. Implications This study addresses a significant gap in the literature concerning how educational leaders might work to create safe school environments for LGBTQ educators. While the efforts made by district and school level leaders in this case represent important steps toward creating safe environments for transgender educators, additional professional development and policy making are critical actions that could build on the efforts detailed in this case.
Analysis of the performances of 45 degrees tilted deformable mirrors for the EST MCAO

The European Solar Telescope (EST) will be best suited for very high accuracy polarization measurements. Indeed, its optical design is such that the telescope as a whole does not modify the polarization state of the incoming light. For this reason, a mutually compensating configuration with non-standard 45 degrees tilted deformable mirrors (DMs) is proposed for its multi-conjugated adaptive optics (MCAO) system. We studied such non-standard configuration and the impact of DMs with large incidence angles on the overall performances of the EST MCAO system. In this work we present some preliminary results derived from our study.
How should voice assistants be heard? The mitigating effect of verbal and vocal warmth in voice assistant service failure

ABSTRACT Voice assistants have become increasingly popular touchpoints in AI-infused service encounters in the hospitality industry. Although we have seen a growing body of research in this area, little attention has been paid to specific service failures involving exclusively voice interactions. Drawing from the Computers As Social Actors (CASA) research paradigm and the Stereotype Content Model, this research explores how warmth can mitigate the negative consequences of service failure involving voice assistants. In two experiments using both physiological (EDA) and psychological measures, we show that the perception of warmth improves consumers’ emotional reactions and increases re-patronage intention following a negative service outcome. We also found that the optimal voice to be used for a voice assistant is a dynamic speech style combined with emotionally expressive and warm verbal content. These findings contribute to the knowledge of voice-based smart service interaction and provide insight into how to mitigate the negative consequences of service failure involving voice assistants.
Analysis of Changes in Electrolytes Level in Serum After Death and Its Correlation With Postmortem Interval

Background Apropos estimation of postmortem interval is an important and difficult task for forensic pathologists. In routine practice, postmortem interval is deduced by conventional or physical methods such as early and late postmortem changes, which are subjective methods and prone to errors. Estimating time since death by thanatochemistry is a more objective method as compared to routine conventional or physical methods. The present study is an attempt to analyze the changes in electrolytes level in serum after death and its correlation with postmortem interval. Materials and methods Blood samples were taken from the deceased who were brought for a medicolegal autopsy. The concentration of electrolytes, mainly sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate, was evaluated in the serum. The deceased were grouped on the basis of time since death. Log-transferred regression analysis was done to establish the correlation of the concentration of electrolytes with time since death and regression formulas were derived for each parameter. Results Sodium concentration in serum showed a negative correlation with time since death. Potassium, calcium, and phosphate showed a positive correlation with time since death. No statistically significant difference exists in the concentration of electrolytes between males and females. No significant difference was observed in the electrolytes concentration between the age groups. Conclusion Considering the findings of this study, we infer that the concentration of electrolytes, primarily sodium, potassium, and phosphates, in the blood can be used to approximate the amount of time that has passed since death. Nonetheless, until 48 hours after death, electrolyte levels in the blood can be considered for the calculation of the postmortem interval.
How mixture of plant and prey diets affects long-term rearing of predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

The phytoseiid mite Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is one of the well-known natural enemies across the globe which can feed on different types of pests and pollen grains. This predator was reared on the mixture of the stored products mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acari: Acaridae) (as prey diet) along with different plant pollens (as plant diet) including almond (TA), cattail (TC), castor-bean (TCb), date (TD), saffron (TS), and mixed pollens of almond, cattail, castor bean, and date (TP) for 20 generations (G1–G20). The effects of the mixed plant and prey diets on biological parameters of N. cucumeris were evaluated under laboratory conditions at 25 ± 1°C, 60 ± 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D) h every 10 generations (G1, G10, and G20). N. cucumeris showed the highest performance on the mixed pollens + T. putrescentiae (TP diet) among the diets tested. Our findings revealed almost stable performance of the predator by long-term feeding on a mixture of pollen and prey diet and this combination can use as a suitable alternative food for mass rearing of N. cucumeris. Graphical Abstract
Non-Financial Information Disclosure and High-Tech Executives' Insider Trading

: This study investigates the relationship between non-financial information disclosed in annual reports and the probability of high-tech executives' insider trading by analyzing the readability of annual reports of high-tech companies listed on A-share markets from 2007 to 2021. The study finds that the lower the readability of the annual report, the higher the likelihood of insider trading by high-tech executives. This suggests that executives may manipulate annual reports to "conceal the obvious. " Further research indicates that transparency in financial information, private ownership, and institutional investor holdings can restrain executives' opportunistic motives. This study offers insight for improving existing market supervision mechanisms for high-tech companies.