Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does feeding limit cardiovascular modulation in the Dungeness crab Cancer magister during hypoxia?

SUMMARY Decapod crustaceans inhabit aquatic environments that are frequently subjected to changes in oxygen content. The physiological mechanisms that allow them to cope with periodic episodes of hypoxia have been well documented. Most crustaceans exhibit a bradycardia coupled with diversion of haemolymph from digestive organs towards ventral structures. However, all these experiments were conducted on animals that were starved prior to experimentation in order to avoid increases in metabolism associated with digestive processes. The present study sought to determine how the Dungeness crab Cancer magister balances the demands of physiological systems when they feed and digest in hypoxia. Cardiac parameters and haemolymph flow rates through each arterial system exiting the heart were measured using a pulsed-Doppler flowmeter. Scaphognathite beat frequency (ventilation rate) was calculated by recording changes in pressure in the branchial chamber. There was an increase in both cardiac and ventilatory parameters following feeding. Digestive processes were facilitated by an increase in haemolymph flow rates through the anterior aorta, hepatic arteries and sternal artery. Cancer magister showed a typical bradycardia during hypoxia (3.2 kPa). However, food intake caused a significant reduction in this response. Likewise, ventilation rate also showed effects of addivity, increasing in response to both food intake and hypoxia. Digestion during hypoxia was associated with a decrease in both stroke volume and cardiac output. Blood was diverted away from digestive structures, suggesting that blood flow events are prioritized during hypoxia. The changes in haemolymph flow rates paralleled those in previous reports on reductions in protein synthesis in the hepatopancreas during hypoxia. Haemolymph flow rates through the anterior aorta did not change; thus the blood supply to the supraoesophageal ganglion was maintained during feeding in hypoxia. The results show that the nutritional state of an animal is important in modulating its physiological responses to environmental perturbations. This underscores the importance of an integrative approach, studying physiological responses at the organismal level.
A Benchmarking Dataset for Performance Evaluation of Automatic Surface Reconstruction Algorithms

Numerous techniques were invented in computer vision and photogrammetry to obtain spatial information from digital images. We intend to describe and improve the performance of these vision techniques by providing test objectives, data, metrics and test protocols. In this paper we propose a comprehensive benchmarking dataset for evaluating a variety of automatic surface reconstruction algorithms (shape-from-X) and a methodology for comparing their results.
Total antioxidant status in lung cancer is associated with levels of endogenous antioxidants and disease stage rather than lifestyle factors – preliminary study

Aim of the study Decreased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) has been reported in different neoplasms, including lung cancer. However, no study concerning the relationship between endogenous antioxidants, lifestyle factors, and TAC has been conducted among lung cancer patients. The purpose of the study was to investigate the associations between endogenous antioxidants, severity of disease, lifestyle factors, and TAC in lung cancer patients. Material and methods The study was conducted among 59 lung cancer patients. The levels of total antioxidant status (ATBS method), endogenous antioxidants, and C-reactive protein were measured in patients’ sera automatically. Dietary habits of the subjects were evaluated based on the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) on the day of admission to hospital. Results We found a positive correlation between serum albumin, uric acid (UA), and TAC and a negative correlation between CRP and TAC. Moreover, TAC was significantly positively associated with disease stage. We did not find any significant relationship between the frequency of selected food consumption and TAC in lung cancer patients, except for a positive correlation between the frequency of refined cereal products consumption and TAC level. Smoking status did not correlate with TAC. Conclusions Total antioxidant status of lung cancer patients results from their disease stage and levels of endogenous antioxidants rather than from lifestyle factors. The lack of influence of diet and smoking on the TAC presumably result from disturbed homeostasis in which cancer, while developing, could determine the redox state to a greater extent than lifestyle factors.
Understanding aggression through attachment and social emotional competence in Korean middle school students

In recent years, increase in adolescent crime in the Republic of Korea has put adolescent aggression in the spotlight. This study examines whether the quality of attachment to parents and peers influences aggressive behaviors and whether social emotional competencies serve as significant mediators for middle school students. These relationships were investigated between gender groups. A full mediational model better explained the male sample while a partial mediational model better explained the female sample. Specifically, parent and peer attachment was found to have indirect effects on aggression via behavioral self-control among boys, whereas for girls, parent attachment was found to have both direct and indirect effects on aggression via empathy and behavioral self-control. The findings of the study underscore the importance of parent and peer attachment during adolescent years. Significant implications for teachers and school psychologists as well as aggression-prevention program developers are discussed.
Hydrogen peroxide etching and stability of p-type poly-SiGe films

In this paper, a model is developed for the etching of as-deposited, in-situ, boron-doped, LPCVD poly-SiGe films in hydrogen peroxide. The model is corroborated by etching results for poly-SiGe alloys with Ge content between 55 and 70%. The results indicate that Ge content in the 55 to 65% range is desirable for maintaining high selectivity with respect to poly-Ge sacrificial layers in a peroxide etch while attaining a polycrystalline film structure (at about 425/spl deg/C, 50% Ge content poly-SiGe films are amorphous). The drift in residual stress of poly-SiGe films at room temperature in dry and wet ambients is also reported. Finally, the etching of in-situ, boron-doped, LPCVD poly-Ge films in hydrogen peroxide is studied.
Automatic collision avoidance for manually tele-operated unmanned aerial vehicles

In this paper we present an approach that aids the human operator of unmanned aerial vehicles by automatically performing collision avoidance with obstacles in the environment so that the operator can focus on the global direction of motion of the vehicle. As opposed to systems that override operator control as a last resort in order to avoid collisions (such as those found in modern automobiles), our approach is designed such that the operator can rely on the automatic collision avoidance, enabling intuitive and safe operator control of vehicles that may otherwise be difficult to control. Our approach continually extrapolates the future flight path of the vehicle given the current operator control input. If an imminent collision is predicted our algorithm will override the operator's control input with the nearest control input that will actually let the vehicle avoid collisions with obstacles. This ensures safe flight while simultaneously maintaining the intent of the human operator as closely as possible. We successfully implemented our approach on a physical quadrotor system in a laboratory environment. In all experiments the human operator failed to crash the vehicle into floors, walls, ceilings, or obstacles, even when deliberately attempting to do so.
A constrained hierarchical rule extraction method based on phrase collocations and high-frequency backbone words

: Hierarchical-phrase based machine translation model is a popular translation model which combines advantages of phrase-based translation models and syntax-based translation models. However, since there are no linguistic constraints in the procedure of current hierarchical phrase extraction, there are a large number of redundant generalized rules extracted. In this paper, we propose two strategies to limit the extraction of hierarchical rules and eliminate the number of redundant rules: first, we identify the phrase collocations with the log likelihood ratio, and then we require the phrase collocations should be packed as a whole during the extraction; second, we distinguish the backbone words using the frequency, and then set the limit during extraction that the sub phrases which consist of only backbone words can not be replaced with variables. Experimental results show that our methods substantially reduce the number of generalized rules and have no significant decrease in BLEU score.
Legacies of the War on Poverty

overwhelming passage. Instead, the proposition’s passage reflected a broad coalition, including key actors within law enforcement and political elites, whose support was buttressed by widespread endorsements from major media outlets. This points to another issue that some sociology of punishment scholars might find troublesome. The book does not effectively address factors that have emerged from the growing body of state-level research on penal change even though it is within those sites where the majority of the rhetorical changes that the book focuses on have occurred. This research has convincingly illustrated how penal change reflects broader social and political conflicts within local contexts where actors and interest groups struggle to shape punishment. State institutional arrangements and political dynamics play an important role in shaping the penal playing field, and this context helps give meaning to the rhetoric on cost central to this book. Without a more contextualized and historicized account of how and where these rhetorical changes are occurring, the reader is sometimes forced to accept their emergence and significance as fact. Concerns about punishment’s costs certainly are not new—many politicians only reluctantly embraced prison expansion in the 1980s due to their commitment to fiscal conservatism. But powerful and well-organized groups effectively negated those concerns by citing and driving fear of crime. We can hope future scholarship can do more to help untangle how and why concerns about cost gained traction within specific contexts. These points aside, the book provides an insightful account of how fiscal conservatism’s resurgence has facilitated new political currents around correctional policy. Only time will tell whether humonitarian discourse will continue to play an important role in shaping penal change in the United States now that most state budgets have begun to stabilize. Either way, Aviram’s account provides useful insights into the fissures generated by the fiscal crisis and their potential to generate new political dynamics that might reverse the nation’s penal indulgence. Legacies of the War on Poverty, edited by Martha J. Bailey and Sheldon Danziger. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2013. 324 pp. $39.95 paper. ISBN: 9780871540072.
A mitigation system for ARP cache poisoning attacks

Though the telecommunication protocol ARP provides the most prominent service for data transmission in the network by providing the physical layer address for any host's network layer address, its stateless nature remains one of the most well-known opportunities for the attacker community and ultimate threat for the hosts in the network. ARP cache poisoning results in numerous attacks, of which the most noteworthy ones MITM, host impersonation and DoS attacks. This paper presents various recent mitigation methods and proposes a novel mitigation system for ARP cache Poisoning Attacks. The proposed system works as follows: for any ARP Request or Reply messages a time stamp is generated. When it is received or sent by a host, the host will make cross layer inspection and IP-MAC pair matching with ARP table Entry. If ARP table entry matches and cross layer consistency is ensured then ARP reply with Time Stamp is sent. If in both the cases evaluated to be bogus packet, then the IP-MAC pair is added to the untrusted list and further packet inspection is done to ensure no attack has been deployed onto the network. The time is also noted for each entry made into the ARP table which makes ARP stateful. The system is evaluated based on criteria specified by the researchers.
Studying the Translations of NHSnet

This paper explores the ways in which innovative information systems projects take on a life of their own. The paper begins by reviewing some of the more traditional ways of making sense of this phenomenon--resistance to change, escalation, and unintended results--before introducing the sociology of translation. This provides a theoretical framework for viewing the transformations that an information systems project undergoes. The framework is then applied to the case of the NHSnet project in the United Kingdom. Using the language of sociology of translation, we consider the underlying stakeholder relations in the case study and draw more general conclusions for the responsibilities of stakeholders involved in an information systems life cycle.
Automatic image annotation based on decision tree machine learning

With the rapid development of digital imaging technology, image annotation is an important and challenging task in image retrieval. At present, many machine learning methods have been applied to solve the problem of automatic image annotation (AIA). However, there exists enormous semantic expressive gap between the low-level image features and high-level semantic concepts. Due to the problem, the annotation performance of existing methods is not satisfactory, and needs to be further improved. This paper proposes an automatic annotation framework via a novel decision tree-based Bayesian (DTB) machine learning algorithm. It is a hybrid approach that attempts to utilize the advantages of both DT and Naive-Bayesian (NB). We firstly segment an image into different regions and extract low-level features of each region. From these features, high-level semantic concepts are obtained using a DTB learning algorithm. Finally, experiments conducted on the Corel dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of DTB machine learning. The DTB can not only enhance the classification accuracy, but also associate low-level region features with high-level image concepts. This method presents the advantages of the Bayesian method and the DT. Moreover, this semantic interpretation capability is a natural simulation of human learning.
Virtual technical trainer: learning how to use milling machines with multi-sensory feedback in virtual reality

This paper describes the use and characteristics of a virtual reality system called the virtual technical trainer (VTT). This system is dedicated to vocational training courses on using and programming numerically-controlled milling machines. It aims at replacing the conventional mechanical milling machines which are currently used in such vocational training courses. VTT proposes an interactive manipulation of a cutter of a virtual milling machine, with visual, audio and haptic (force) feedback. VTT uses a haptic device which was specifically designed for the purpose of our pedagogical application. When the virtual cutter mills a piece of material, a plastic deformation algorithm is used and the material is progressively carved. Trainees can feel the cutting effort thanks to a force feedback which varies as a function of different simulation parameters (rotation speed of the tool, type of material to carve, etc). Realistic audio feedback (which was recorded in real situations) and additional visual assistance may be added, in order to increase the perception and understanding of the milling task. A preliminary evaluation of VTT showed that this simulator could be used by vocational trainers successfully. It could help them to teach the basic principles of machining at the first stages of vocational training courses on numerically-controlled milling machines.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cardiac Biopsies From Heart Transplantation Patients: Correlation With Erythrocytes and Response to Supplementation

Background—Omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) appear to reduce the risk of sudden death from myocardial infarction. This reduction is believed to occur via the incorporation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) into the myocardium itself, altering the dynamics of sodium and calcium channel function. The extent of incorporation has not been determined in humans. Methods and Results—We first determined the correlation between red blood cell (RBC) and cardiac omega-3 FA levels in 20 heart transplant recipients. We then examined the effects of 6 months of omega-3 FA supplementation (1 g/d) on the FA composition of human cardiac and buccal tissue, RBCs, and plasma lipids in 25 other patients. Cardiac and RBC EPA+DHA levels were highly correlated (r=0.82, P<0.001). Supplementation increased EPA+DHA levels in cardiac tissue by 110%, in RBCs by 101%, in plasma by 139%, and in cheek cells by 73% (P<0.005 versus baseline for all; responses among tissues were not significantly different). Conclusions—Although any of the tissues examined could serve as a surrogate for cardiac omega-3 FA content, RBC EPA+DHA was highly correlated with cardiac EPA+DHA; the RBC omega-3 response to supplementation was similar to that of the heart; RBCs are easily collected and analyzed; and they have a less variable FA composition than plasma. Therefore, RBC EPA+DHA (also called the Omega-3 Index) may be the preferred surrogate for cardiac omega-3 FA status.
Uniform, Versatile and Efficient Dense and Sparse Multi-Dimensional Arrays

We describe a Java toolkit for rectangular dense and sparse multi-dimensional arrays. Such a toolkit should be usable, efficient and allow for the definition of many algorithms from disparate domains. Balancing these competing requirements is challenging. We address this issue by providing a few non-overlapping general-purpose concepts that a user can combine in a straightforward, uniform and efficient manner to generate complex behaviour. The most important aspect of this approach is that a single polymorphic interface provides uniform access to any matrix or view thereof. Every matrix and view class implements the same interface with exactly the same semantics, no more, no less. Therefore, everything that can be done with a dense matrix can without code change also be done with a sparse matrix, and vice-versa. Everything that can be done with a normal matrix (dense or sparse) can without code change also be done with any (abitrarily nested) matrix view, and vice-versa. We describe non-delegating true matrix views for sub-ranging, striding, transposition, slicing, index flipping, cell selection, as well as sorting, permuting and partitioning. We also describe a space and time efficient sparse representation based on hashing. We then compare the performance with three other toolkits, including C/C++. Throughputs up to 500 MB/s and 100 Mflops/s are demonstrated in the dense case, and normalized up to 24 GB/s and 3 Gflops/s in the sparse case. In every benchmark, our toolkit is among the leading two. Performance is better than C/C++. Our overall conclusion is that rich and complex behaviour cannot only be provided with minimal usability impact, but also with high efficiency.
An Image Processing Language: External and Shallow/Deep Embeddings

Programming language users demand high performance, easy to understand syntax, and tooling such as profilers, debuggers and integrated development environments. Historically they were standalone, each with its own lexer and parser to implement a syntax, and an interpreter or compiler to implement a semantics. This approach incurs substantial engineering costs, both for the initial construction and also for ongoing maintenance as a language and its standard library grows. Modern language technology enables a more cost effective approach, namely to embed new languages inside existing languages, inheriting a host language's tooling, and its community as potential users. This paper uses a small image processing language to compare shallow and deep language embeddings with the external language approach. It focuses on optimisation opportunities, performance, ease of use and engineering costs.
Modification of the response to separation in the infant rhesus macaque through manipulation of the environment.

: Rhesus mother-infant pairs were housed in a playpen apparatus beginning just before the birth of four male infants. The infants were separated from their mothers four times beginning at a mean age of 218 days. In Type A separations (I and IV) the infants were removed and housed away from their familiar environment in a protected setting; in Type B separations (II and III) the infants remained in the familiar setting and mothers were removed. One pair was separated every 2 weeks for 6 days; for a particular infant, a mean of 8 weeks intervened between each of the separations. On the basis of infant behavior during separation. Type B separations appeared to have a more deleterious effect on the infant: infants did not show the typical behavioral signs of depression under Type A housing conditions, whereas, under Type B conditions, infants expressed the typical depressive reaction to separation. However, comparisons of pre- and postseparation behaviors in the mother-infant pairs indicated that Type A separations were more perturbing. Increases in ventral-ventral contact between mothers and infants were greater following Type A separations and increases in time at nipple occurred only after Type A separations; infant grooming by mother increased only after the first, a Type A, separation. Type B separations may have affected mothers more severely in that reciprocity between maternal cradling and infant clinging was greater following Type B separations than following Type A separations when infants clung significantly more often than mother cradled.
DATA COMPRESSION FOR RADAR SIGNALS: AN SVD BASED APPROACH

Multiple platform coherent location systems operate by computing the time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) among signals received at geographically separated platforms. The bandwidth of the data link is the major bottleneck in the processing. Previously developed data compression methods [1, 2] can not satisfy the compression ratio and the accuracy requirements because they were designed for the generic signal case and do not fully exploit the characteristics of the radar signal. A new compression scheme presented in this thesis is built from the ground up with the characteristics of the radar signal in mind. It is based on the idea that a radar pulse train can be modelled as one prototype pulse and a parameter vector for each pulse to transform the prototype pulse to each specific pulse. A compression ratio of 10 ∼ 20 : 1 has been achieved with minor, if any, FDOA/TDOA accuracies degradation in most cases. The two major techniques involved here are the fractional delay filter and the singular value decomposition (SVD). This thesis starts with some preliminary technical background used later in this thesis. Then two chapters are dedicated to the fractional delay filter and the SVD method, respectively. In addition to presenting and verifying our compression scheme, a newly developed LMS adaptive FIR fractional delay filter and an alternative to the cross-ambiguity processing based on the parameterization method are developed. Extensive simulation results are presented throughout the thesis. In the last chapter, conclusions and suggestions for future work are given.