Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sudden Discharging Tests and Overcurrent Tests of a 3T HTS Model Magnet for MRI Systems Equipped With Electrically Conductive Epoxy Resin

A 3 T HTS MRI model magnet equipped with conductive epoxy resin for quench protection was designed and fabricated in 2021 and the REBCO multicoil generated 3 T with 143 A stably with no abnormal voltages. In this coil, the electrically conductive epoxy resin is attached to the edge of the winding as a bypass circuit between turns so that the excessive current can flow across turns in the radial direction to suppress local heat generation automatically. However, when the voltage of the coil rises as a start point in a quench protection process, the DC power supply is shut down by a quench detector and the magnet is suddenly discharged. Then, part of the magnetic stored energy is consumed in the coil and the coil temperature increases, which suggests the load factor increases during the sudden discharging operation. In this study, the sudden discharging tests were performed, and the behavior of the coil voltages and temperatures was evaluated at 30 K and 40 K using the middle-scale REBCO coil that had large inductance and high stored energy (3 T, 91 H, 1 MJ). After that, the overcurrent tests were performed for the verification of the quench protection at 50 K. The coil temperature reached 72 K at maximum, however, thermal runaway was avoided and the REBCO coil was protected.
Portfolio Selection via Graph-Aware Gaussian Processes With Generalized Gaussian Likelihood

Portfolio selection aims to manage the allocation of wealth among different assets, which remains to be a fundamental and challenging financial task. Markowitz's mean-variance analysis is one of the most well-known and widely adopted techniques for this problem. However, it requires accurate estimations of both the mean and variance of the return, while predicting the variance is particularly difficult. In this article, we propose a novel portfolio selection strategy based on a graph-aware Gaussian process model equipped with generalized Gaussian distribution (GGD) likelihood. Our method unleashes the potential of mean-variance analysis by exploiting the Gaussian process model's ability in capturing uncertainty, and the graph information is also incorporated so that correlation among different assets can be utilized. We notice that most existing financial models assume the returns follow the log-normal distribution, whereas we observe that it cannot perfectly explain real-world market data. Based on this discovery, we introduce the GGD as the likelihood function. We further improve our method by proposing a passive variant to address transaction fees, and designing the mean function of the Gaussian process with the mean reversion principle. Thorough experiments were performed on synthetic and real-world financial datasets to verify the effectiveness of our method.
Analytical solutions for steady-state, axisymmetric seepage to toroidal and disk-shaped drainages and tunnels: the Gauss and Weber legacy revisited

ABSTRACT Axisymmetric, steady-state, Darcian flows in homogeneous and isotropic aquifers towards a toroid or disk intake are analytically studied. Both unbounded (infinite) and bounded (by an equipotential soil surface or by an impermeable horizontal caprock-bedrock) aquifers are considered. The Gauss closed-form solution from astronomy for a gravitating circle having a uniform mass distribution and the Weber solution from electrostatics for an equipotential disk are utilized. The scalar/vector fields of piezometric head (potential)/specific discharge allow for reconstruction of stream lines, isobars, isochrones, and isotachs. An air-filled toroid drains much more water than equipotential, or – inversely – at a given flow rate, the size of an empty toroid is much smaller than that of a water-filled one. The hydraulic gradients in the vicinity of modelled wells/tunnels are very high, triggering colmation and suffusion. The functionals of dissipation and drawdown over a specified zone in the far field are evaluated.
Moving contact line on chemically patterned surfaces

We simulate the moving contact line in two-dimensional chemically patterned channels using a diffuse-interface model with the generalized Navier boundary condition. The motion of the fluid–fluid interface in confined immiscible two-phase flows is modulated by the chemical pattern on the top and bottom surfaces, leading to a stick–slip behaviour of the contact line. The extra dissipation induced by this oscillatory contact-line motion is significant and increases rapidly with the wettability contrast of the pattern. A critical value of the wettability contrast is identified above which the effect of diffusion becomes important, leading to the interesting behaviour of fluid–fluid interface breaking, with the transport of the non-wetting fluid being assisted and mediated by rapid diffusion through the wetting fluid. Near the critical value, the time-averaged extra dissipation scales as U, the displacement velocity. By decreasing the period of the pattern, we show the solid surface to be characterized by an effective contact angle whose value depends on the material characteristics and composition of the patterned surfaces.
Polarization modulated transmission spectro‐ellipsometry

A polarization modulated transmission spectro‐ellipsometer (PMTSE) features high sensitivity for retardation and high‐speed data acquisition. Although optical servo control of a photoelastic modulator (PEM) has improved the accuracy of the system, the residual birefringence mainly of the PEM hinders detection of minute retardation. We have installed a compensator in order to cancel out the residual birefringence and realized base line shift that is within 0.2% of full scale. Optical anisotropies are formulated in the Mueller matrices. Accuracy for a large signal was verified from measurements of a sheet polarizer and a quartz rotator. Detectability was ascertained from the retardation spectrum, <1 nm, of a amorphous poly‐olefin film and aqueous solution of a chiral metal complex, Δ−[Co(en)3]3+, whose peak signal magnitude is <1% of full scale. A time resolution of 1 ms was utilized in the dynamic response measurement of a liquid crystal, 5CB, that had a response time of 3–4 ms.
Navigation with Polytopes: A Toolbox for Optimal Path Planning with Polytope Maps and B-spline Curves

To deal with the problem of optimal path planning in 2D space, this paper introduces a new toolbox named “Navigation with Polytopes” and explains the algorithms behind it. The toolbox allows one to create a polytopic map from a standard grid map, search for an optimal corridor, and plan a safe B-spline reference path used for mobile robot navigation. Specifically, the B-spline path is converted into its equivalent Bézier representation via a novel calculation method in order to reduce the conservativeness of the constrained path planning problem. The conversion can handle the differences between the curve intervals and allows for efficient computation. Furthermore, two different constraint formulations used for enforcing a B-spline path to stay within the sequence of connected polytopes are proposed, one with a guaranteed solution. The toolbox was extensively validated through simulations and experiments.
Evaluation of Celligent® Biomimetic Water Gradient Contact Lens Effects on Ocular Surface and Subjective Symptoms

This study aimed to evaluate the non-invasive and subjective symptoms associated with Lehfilcon A water gradient silicone hydrogel contact lenses with bacterial and lipid resistance technology. A prospective, longitudinal, single-centre, self-controlled study was conducted among silicone hydrogel contact lens wearers. Non-invasive analysis of the pre-lens tear film was performed using the Integrated Clinical Platform (ICP) Ocular Surface Analyzer (OSA), and the meibomian glands were evaluated with the Cobra® HD infrared meibographer. After 30 days of contact lens wear, the subjects were re-evaluated to determine the changes in conjunctival redness, subjective dry eye disease, tear meniscus height, lipid pattern, and non-invasive break-up time. Results showed that the lipid layer thickness decreased significantly from 2.05 ± 1.53 to 0.92 ± 1.09 Guillon patterns, and the tear meniscus height decreased from 0.21 ± 0.04 to 0.14 ± 0.03. The mean pre-lens non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT) significantly increased from 15.19 ± 9.54 to 25.31 ± 15.81 s. The standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Disease (SPEED) score also decreased from 7.39 ± 4.39 to 5.53 ± 4.83. The results suggest that Lehfilcon A significantly reduced lipid and aqueous tear film volume but improved break-up time and subjective dry eye symptoms.
The HOL Light manual (1.1)

ing away a bit from the implementation in CAML, we can represent the rules in the usual form as: Γ ` p ∆ ` q Γ ∪∆ ` p ∧ q CONJ 1Although HOL uses a sequent presentation, the conventional derived rules are natural deduction rules, i.e. introduction and elimination on the right, rather than left and right introduction.
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted Unified NOMA Framework

This article investigates the application of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to assist a unified non-orthogonal multiple access (RIS-U-NOMA) framework. More specifically, the proposed RIS-U-NOMA can be applied to RIS assisted code-domain NOMA (RIS-CD-NOMA) and power-domain NOMA (RIS-PD-NOMA). To characterize the performance of RIS-U-NOMA framework, we derive new approximated expressions of outage probability and ergodic rate for a pair of users. Based on the asymptotic expressions, the diversity orders and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) slopes for the nearby and distant users are obtained in details. In addition, the system throughput of RIS-U-NOMA is discussed in the delay-limited and delay-tolerant transmission modes. Monte Carlo simulations are provided to verify the analytical results and indicate that: 1) The outage behaviors of RIS-U-NOMA are better than that of RIS assisted orthogonal multiple access (RIS-OMA) and conventional full/half-duplex decode-and-forward relays; 2) The RIS-U-NOMA networks are competent to obtain superior performance in ergodic rate and achieve steeper slope than RIS-OMA; and 3) The delay-limited and delay-tolerant throughput of RIS-CD-NOMA outperform that of RIS-PD-NOMA.
Computation Approaches for Parameter Estimation of Weibull Distribution

This paper examines the estimation comparison of two methods for Weibull parameters, one is the maximum likelihood method and the other is the least squares method. A numerical simulation study is carried out to understand performance of the two methods. Based on sample root mean square errors, we make a comparison between the two computation approaches. We find that the least squares method significantly outperforms the maximum likelihood when the sample size is small.
Joint MU-MIMO Precoding and Computation Optimization for Energy Efficient Industrial IoT With Mobile Edge Computing

In the fourth industrial revolution, the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) will bring fundamental changes to human communities. This paper proposes to make full use of the under-utilized computing resources of wired edge devices to alleviate the computing burden of the processing center in delay-constrained multi-user networks. Our goal is to minimize the weighted energy consumption while ensuring the required latency. The formulated problems are NP-hard involving joint optimization of the computation task assignment, transmit association design, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) precoding, and computing resource allocation with binary and partial offloading protocols. By utilizing the weighted minimum mean-squared-error method, quadratic transformation, and difference of convex functions algorithm, we propose two joint computation offloading and resource allocation algorithms for binary and partial offloading protocols, respectively. Simulation results confirm the efficiency of the proposed algorithms and demonstrate that the proposed algorithms achieve a significant computation performance enhancement.
Application of reversely connecting circular stapler technique in cervical esophagogastric anastomosis

Introduction The incidence of anastomotic leakage is relatively high (6–26%) in esophagogastrocervical anastomosis. The traditional anastomotic mode has high tissue tension in the process of anastomosis, which can easily cause tissue tear in the anastomotic area and increase the incidence of anastomotic leakage. Aim To investigate the usefulness of reversely connecting circular stapler technique for reducing anastomotic tension and injury of the esophageal and gastric wall, preventing anastomotic leakage in minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy. Material and methods A total of 133 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy from January 2021 to December 2021 were collected. Characteristics, surgical data, and outcomes of patients were recorded and retrospectively analyzed. There were 83 patients in the reverse order connecting circular stapler group and 50 patients in the conventional order connecting group. Results Anastomotic leakage was observed in 2 (2.4%) cases in the reverse order connecting circular stapler group. Compared with the conventional connection group, the reverse connecting group had lower incidence of anastomotic leakage, shorter anastomotic time, shorter hospital stay, and lower incidence of pulmonary and chest infections and hoarseness. Conclusions The reversely connecting circular stapler technique could reduce the incidence of anastomotic leakage. The technique is simple to perform and easy to learn. Therefore, it is useful for the prevention of anastomotic leakage.
Likelihood inference for marked DSPPs with intensity driven by latent MPPs

In recent years, marked point processes have found a natural application in the modeling of ultra-high-frequency financial data since they do not require the integration of the data which is usually needed by other modeling approaches. In this paper we consider a class of marked doubly stochastic Poisson processes in which the intensity is driven by another marked point process. In particular, we focus on an intensity with a shot noise form that can be interpreted in terms of the effect caused by news arriving on the market. For models in this class we study likelihood inferential procedures such as Monte Carlo likelihood and importance sampling Monte Carlo expectation maximization by making use of reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms.
SILICON WAVEGUIDE SIDEWALL SMOOTHING BY RESIST REFLOWING

We present a chip-upending method to reflow the resist and reduce the line edge roughness of submicron single mode waveguide. The resist expansion effect was studied and it was found that the expansion could be suppressed by using the chip-upending method while reflowing the resist. The line edge roughness was estimated to be reduced from ~8 nm to ~6 nm by theoretical calculation. Optical transmission measurements also demonstrated that the sidewall roughness can be smoothed. This kind of reflow process is operated at low temperature and is adaptable for different resists and it could be available for various waveguide materials as well.
Inference in segmented line regression: a simulation study

A segmented line regression model has been used to describe changes in cancer incidence and mortality trends [Kim, H. -J., Fay, M.P., Feuer, E.J. and Midthune, D.N. , 2000, Permutation tests for joinpoint regression with applications to cancer rates. Statistics in Medicine, 19, 335–351. Kim, H. -J., Fay, M.P., Yu, B. , Barrett. , M.J. and Feuer, E.J., 2004, Comparability of segmented line regression models. Biometrics, 60, 1005–1014. ]. The least squares fit can be obtained by using either the grid search method proposed by Lerman [Lerman, P.M. , 1980, Fitting segmented regression models by grid search. Applied Statistics, 29, 77–84. ] which is implemented in Joinpoint 3.0 available at http://srab.cancer. gov/joinpoint/index.html, or by using the continuous fitting algorithm proposed by Hudson [Hudson, D.J., 1966, Fitting segmented curves whose join points have to be estimated. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 61, 1097–1129. ] which will be implemented in the next version of Joinpoint software. Following the least squares fitting of the model, inference on the parameters can be pursued by using the asymptotic results of Hinkley [Hinkley, D.V. , 1971, Inference in two-phase regression. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 66, 736–743. ] and Feder [Feder, P.I. , 1975a, On asymptotic distribution theory in segmented regression Problems-Identified Case. The Annals of Statistics, 3, 49–83. ] Feder [Feder, P.I. , 1975b, The log likelihood ratio in segmented regression. The Annals of Statistics, 3, 84–97. ] Via simulations, this paper empirically examines small sample behavior of these asymptotic results, studies how the two fitting methods, the grid search and the Hudson's algorithm affect these inferential procedures, and also assesses the robustness of the asymptotic inferential procedures.
Determination of Spring Constant for Simulating Deformable Object under Compression

It is not easy to simulate realistic mechanical behaviors of elastically deformable objects with most existing mass-spring systems for their lack of simple and clear methods to determine spring constants considering material properties (e.g. Young's modulus, Poisson’s ratio). To overcome this obstacle, we suggest an alternative method to determine spring constants for mechanical simulation of deformable objects under compression. Using the expression derived from proposed method, it is possible to determine one and the same spring constant for a mass-spring model depending on Young's modulus, geometric dimensions and mesh resolutions of the 3-D model. Determination of one and the same spring constant for a mass-spring model in this way leads to simple implementation of the mass-spring system. To validate proposed methodology, static deformations (e.g. compressions and indentations) simulated with mass-spring models and FEM reference models are compared.
Computer Applications in Libraries.

Summary After a short examination of computer capabilities, a survey is made of library applications, firstly to processes such as ordering and cataloguing and secondly to information retrieval. A brief account of mechanical translation experiments is also given. Present indexing and search techniques are discussed in relation to sample systems, and future trends are reviewed.
Application of Homotopy Analysis Method in One-Dimensional Instability Phenomenon Arising in Inclined Porous Media

During secondary oil recovery process when water is injected in inclined oil formatted area then phenomenon of instability occurs due to viscosity difference of water and oil. The non-linear partial differential equation for this instability phenomenon have been obtained. The Homotopy analysis method has been applied to this governing equation by using appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The guess value of saturation of injected water has been satisfying its initial and boundary conditions. The numerical value and graphical presentation are given by using Maple software and it is concluded that the saturation of injected water is increasing during instability phenomenon in inclined porous media when length of fingers and time increases.
Maximum bilateral bite strength and RMS EMG for the diagnosis of myogenic TMD

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the maximum bilateral molar bite force and the Root Mean Square (RMS) Electromyography (EMG) index of the masticatory muscles in the maximum bilateral molar bite (MMBMax) of women with myogenic Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) and asymptomatic. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, composed of 86 women allocated to the TMD Group (n=43) and Control Group (n=43) diagnosis through the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The maximum bilateral molar bite force was evaluated using a bite dynamometer and the RMS EMG index of the masticatory muscles (anterior temporalis, masseter) during 5 seconds of the MMBMax task. Student t-test was used for data comparison between accuracy of the bite force and RMS EMG of masticatory muscles during the MMBMax. Results: The maximum bilateral molar bite force showed high accuracy (AUC=0.99) for the diagnosis of women with myogenic TMD and asymptomatic women, and the RMS EMG index evaluated during the MMBMax showed a moderate level of accuracy for all masticatory muscles (AUC=0.70 to 0.75). Conclusion: The bilateral bite dynamometer with a surface EMG during bilateral bite can be used to diagnose TMD in young women.
Measurement of Aβ Amyloid Plaques and Tau Protein in Postmortem Human Alzheimer’s Disease Brain by Autoradiography Using [18F]Flotaza, [125I]IBETA, [124/125I]IPPI and Immunohistochemistry Analysis Using QuPath

High-resolution scans of immunohistochemical (IHC) stains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain slices and radioligand autoradiography both provide information about the distribution of Aβ plaques and Tau, the two common proteinopathies in AD. Accurate assessment of the amount and regional location of Aβ plaques and Tau is essential to understand the progression of AD pathology. Our goal was to develop a quantitative method for the analysis of IHC–autoradiography images. Postmortem anterior cingulate (AC) and corpus callosum (CC) from AD and control (CN) subjects were IHC stained with anti-Aβ for Aβ plaques and autoradiography with [18F]flotaza and [125I]IBETA for Aβ plaques. For Tau, [124I]IPPI, a new radiotracer, was synthesized and evaluated in the AD brain. For Tau imaging, brain slices were IHC stained with anti-Tau and autoradiography using [125I]IPPI and [124I]IPPI. Annotations for Aβ plaques and Tau using QuPath for training and pixel classifiers were generated to measure the percent of the area of Aβ plaques and Tau in each slice. The binding of [124I]IPPI was observed in all AD brains with an AC/CC ratio > 10. Selectivity to Tau was shown by blocking [124I]IPPI with MK-6240. Percent positivity for Aβ plaques was 4–15%, and for Tau, it was 1.3 to 35%. All IHC Aβ plaque-positive subjects showed [18F]flotaza and [125I]IBETA binding with a positive linear correlation (r2 > 0.45). Tau-positive subjects showed [124/125I]IPPI binding with a stronger positive linear correlation (r2 > 0.80). This quantitative IHC–autoradiography approach provides an accurate measurement of Aβ plaques and Tau within and across subjects.
Properties of numerical algorithms related to computing controllability

The numerical properties of some methods for computing controllability are used in an expository way to motivate a wider understanding of numerical computations. In particular, the numerical rank of a matrix, the numerical stability of algorithms, the sensitivity of problems, and the scaling of problems are discussed. A numerically stable algorithm is given for computing controllability, but it is pointed out that a measure of the distance of the given system from the nearest uncontrollable system would be more useful, and this appears to be an open computational problem.
GOES Satellite Data Maps Areas of Extreme Cold in Colorado

Abstract Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) enhanced infrared (IR) imagery depicted very cold temperatures over Colorado on the morning of 8 December 1978. The situation was unusual because skies were clear and the cold temperatures were not associated with high cloud tops. Instead, satellite data mapped large areas that were experiencing extremely cold surface temperatures. The GOES data were also examined using the Colorado State University interactive data processing system and it was found that the cold IR readings corresponded well with early morning low temperatures over the state. GOES data can be of use in monitoring surface temperatures and can, in certain situations, provide detailed spatial and temporal information over regions experiencing extreme temperatures.