Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Binding of the Replication Terminator Protein Fob1p to the Ter Sites of Yeast Causes Polar Fork Arrest*

Fob1p protein has been implicated in the termination of replication forks at the two tandem termini present in the non-transcribed spacer region located between the sequences encoding the 35 S and the 5 S RNAs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, the biochemistry and mode of action of this protein were previously unknown. We have purified the Fob1p protein to near-homogeneity, and we developed a novel technique to show that it binds specifically to the Ter1 and Ter2 sequences. Interestingly, the two sequences share no detectable homology. We present two lines of evidence showing that the interaction of the Fob1p with the Ter sites causes replication termination. First, a mutant of FOB1, L104S that significantly reduced the binding of the mutant form of the protein to the tandem Ter sites, also failed to promote replication termination in vivo. The mutant did not diminish nucleolar transport, and interaction of the mutant form of Fob1p with itself and with another protein encoded in the locus YDR026C suggested that the mutation did not cause global misfolding of the protein. Second, DNA site mutations in the Ter sequences that separately and specifically abolished replication fork arrest at Ter1 or Ter2 also eliminated sequence-specific binding of the Fob1p to the two sites. The work presented here definitively established Ter DNA-Fob1p interaction as an important step in fork arrest.
Community behavior during the evacuation of Mount Merapi eruption disaster

This paper explains attributes that can affect people's behavior in evacuation decision-making from Mount Merapi eruption, starting from pre-evacuation phase, vehicle selection phase, to evacuation route selection phase to reach a safe point. These factors were obtained through previous research, relevant to the characteristics of communities around Mount Merapi in facing an emergency evacuation from Mount Merapi eruption. Located in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Mount Merapi is one of the most active volcanoes in the world which has a unique type of eruption and culture of surrounding communities. In the last stage, this paper also provides guidelines for analysis methods which can be used to solve emergency evacuation problems in order to minimize victims.
Fiscal Decentralization in the EEC Countries

This paper explores the major economic, geographic, and political factors that explain the variations of fiscal decentralization through time-series regression analyses for the EEC countries. The empirical results support much of the theoretical work. It was found that per capita income and population size adequately explain the variations in the fiscal decentralization in the majority of the EEC countries. On the contrary, density of population is less important in accounting for these variations. Regarding the two new factors introduced in this paper, it was found that the time-trend variable is significant, whereas the political factor is not significant.
ADVERSE SELECTION, AGGREGATE UNCERTAINTY, AND THE ROLE FOR MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANIES

A model of insurance markets analogous to that of Rothschild and Stiglitz (1976) is considered, with the additional feature that risk-neutral insurers face aggregate (undiversifiable) risk. In the presence of adverse selection and aggregate uncertainty and under a simple nondegeneracy condition on loss probabilities, the authors show that any equilibrium has the feature that some agents purchase participating policies (from mutual insurers) while others purchase nonparticipating policies (and, hence, do not share risk with their insurer). Specifically, agents with low loss probabilities signal their type by sharing aggregate risks with their insurer. Some empirical support for this prediction is provided. Copyright 1990 by the University of Chicago.
Serial changes on quantitative myocardial perfusion SPECT in patients undergoing revascularization or conservative therapy

BackgroundLittle is known about changes of myocardial perfusion in patients undergoing coronary revascularization or medical therapy. The purpose of this observational study was to assess the long-term effects of revascularization or conservative therapy on serial quantitative myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Methods and ResultsThe study population consisted of 421 patients who underwent serial rest thallium-201/stress technetium-99m sestamibi dual-isotope myocardial perfusion SPECT with at least a 1-year interval between the 2 studies and who had abnormal quantitative scan results on the first stress SPECT. The mean interval between scans was 32.7 ± 15.9 months. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to stress defect extent: group 1 had small stress defects (4%-10%, n = 145), group 2 had intermediate stress defects (>10%-20%, n = 144), and group 3 had extensive stress defects (>20%, n = 132) at baseline. Forty patients in group 1, 44 in group 2, and 54 in group 3 underwent coronary revascularization between 2 SPECT studies; the others had conservative therapy. In group 3 patients with revascularization, stress defect extent and reversible defect extent were remarkably reduced (14.5% ± 13.6% and 13.1% ± 12.5%, respectively; both P < .0001), with greater improvement in those patients reporting increased use of cardiac medications; resting defect extent was slightly reduced (1.9% ± 6.4%, P < .05). In group 3 patients with conservative therapy, a small reduction in stress defect extent was noted (2.3% ± 8.3%, P < .05). In group 2, there were modest, similar reductions in reversible defect extent in both the patients with revascularization (2.7% ± 7.7%, P < .05) and those with conservative therapy (1.8% ± 7.3%, P < .05), as well as a small but significant reduction in stress defect extent in those with conservative therapy (2.1% ± 8.2%, P < .05). In group 1 patients, no significant changes in stress, rest, or reversible defect extent were found with either therapy.ConclusionsThe findings of this study show that improvement in quantitative myocardial perfusion abnormalities over time occurs in some patients with either revascularization or conservative therapy and suggest that, in patients with extensive defects, greater improvement may be seen in those who undergo revascularization.
Patient with advanced gastric cancer responds twice to the same systemic therapy.

annually. of the gastric cancer rates as high as 80 per 100,000 population. In the nearly 50% of all gastric are located at the cardia; represents an approximately sixfold increase the 3 nonpolyposis colorectal (HNPCC), familial and the are alkylating agents, and topoisomerase II inhibitors. Level-I evidence for extending overall survival exists only for docetaxel 5 and cisplatin. 6 We present a report of a patient who experienced prolonged control of his advanced gastric adenocarcinoma whose disease subsequently responded to treatment with the same systemic combination.
A Note on Investment Incentives in the WTO and the Transition Economies

Most of the transition economies are already members of or in the process of accession to the WTO. Therefore their investment incentive regimes need to be compatible with the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures in the WTO. This study compares the fiscal investment incentives in the transition economies provided to foreign investors and shows which are expected to be phased out soon owing to their inconsistency with the current WTO regulations. It would be to their own benefit for these economies to make their investment policies consistent with the relevant WTO provisions, to take steps to eliminate subsidies prohibited in the WTO system and to try not to waste their resources, considering that the incentives may be subjected to countervailing measures by WTO members.
The Foundations of Research in Psychiatry*

Research and treatment in psychiatry are founded upon a tripod, whose three legs can be regarded as the study of the patient's basic constitution and personality, of his physical exchanges with his environment, and of the various mental stresses to which the pattern of his life submits him. These three are probably equally indispensable in the pursuit of knowledge about the mental health or sickness of mankind, and are indeed ultimately only aspects of the underlying and mysterious unity which is man himself. From a technical point of view it is often convenient and sometimes essential to attack the problems of their study separately and piecemeal: but only by constant and patient correlation of all the results in every field can true advance be made.
Rates of magma transfer in the crust: Insights into magma reservoir recharge and pluton growth

Plutons have long been viewed as crystallized remnants of large magma reservoirs, a concept now challenged by high-precision geochronological data coupled with thermal models. Similarly, the classical view of silicic eruptions fed by long-lived magma reservoirs that slowly differentiate between mafic recharges is being questioned by petrological and geophysical studies. In both cases, a key and yet unresolved issue is the rate of magma transfer in the crust. Here, we use thermal analysis of magma transport to calculate the minimum rate of magma transfer through dikes. We find that unless the crust is exceptionally hot, the recharge of magma reservoirs requires a magma supply rate of at least ∼0.01 km 3 /yr, much higher than the long-term growth rate of plutons, which demonstrates unequivocally that igneous bodies must grow incrementally. This analysis argues also that magma reservoirs are short lived and erupt rapidly after being recharged by already-differentiated magma. These findings have significant implications for the monitoring of dormant volcanic systems and our ability to interpret geodetic surface signals related to incipient eruptions.
Percutaneous ultrasonography-guided core needle biopsy of gastrointestinal lesions: what's its actual role in clinical practice? A retrospective study for safety and effectiveness.

PURPOSE Endoscopic biopsy is commonly performed to obtain a pathological diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) lesions. When the lesions are submucosal, subserosal, or exophytic, endoscopic biopsy is often unsuccessful, and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biopsy is considered the procedure of choice in these cases. Nevertheless, in some patients both endoscopic and EUS-guided biopsy are not indicated, or yield inconclusive cyto-histological results. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of percutaneous ultrasonography (US)-guided biopsy of GI wall lesions, and to define its actual role in clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on 45 consecutive US-guided biopsies of GI lesions. All biopsies were performed in patients unsuitable for endoscopic or EUS-guided biopsy, or with lesions inaccessible to endoscopic techniques, or with inconclusive results from endoscopic or EUS-guided biopsy. Biopsies were performed with an 18 or 20-gauge Tru-cut needle under US guidance. Biopsy results were compared with the final diagnosis that was based on surgical pathological findings or clinical instrumental follow-up of at least 20 months. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), overall accuracy, and complication rate of the procedure were calculated. RESULTS One biopsy specimen (2.2 %) was inadequate for cyto-histologic examination. In the remaining 44 cases, US-guided biopsy correctly identified 39 / 40 (97.5 %) malignant lesions, and 4 / 4 (100 %) benign lesions. One case resulted in a false negative (2.2 %). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and overall diagnostic accuracy were 97.5 %, 100 %, 100 %, 80 % and 97.7 %, respectively. Including also the inadequate specimen into the analysis, they were 95.1 %, 100 %, 100 %, 66.7 % and 95.6 %, respectively. No procedure-related complications were observed. In ten cases (22.2 %), US-guided biopsy results made it possible to avoid unnecessary surgical exploration. CONCLUSION Percutaneous US-guided core biopsy of GI wall lesions is an accurate and safe technique that makes it possible in select cases to obtain a correct pathological diagnosis and prevent unnecessary surgical exploration. Although it has been replaced by EUS-guided biopsy as the procedure of choice to sample submucosal or subserosal GI lesions, US-guided biopsy can still play a useful role in the diagnostic workup of GI lesions when endoscopy or EUS is unsuccessful for various reasons or yields inconclusive cyto-histological results.
From Smoot-Hawley to Reciprocal Trade Agreements: Changing the Course of U.S. Trade Policy in the 1930s

Four years after passing the infamous Smoot-Hawley tariff in 1930, Congress enacted the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act (RTAA), which gave the president the authority to undertake tariff-reduction agreements (without Congressional approval) with foreign countries. The resulting trade agreements reduced U.S. tariffs and culminated in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1947. Was the Great Depression responsible for bringing about this fundamental shift in U.S. trade policy? This paper analyzes the changes in U.S. trade policy during this period and argues that (i) the Depression as an international phenomenon motivated the unprecedented Congressional delegation of tariff-making powers, (ii) economic changes more the result of World War II than the Depression blunted Republican opposition to the RTAA and ensured its post-war survival.
A Theory-Based Exercise App to Enhance Exercise Adherence: A Pilot Study

Background Use of mobile health (mHealth) technology is on an exponential rise. mHealth apps have the capability to reach a large number of individuals, but until now have lacked the integration of evidence-based theoretical constructs to increase exercise behavior in users. Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a theory-based, self-monitoring app on exercise and self-monitoring behavior over 8 weeks. Methods A total of 56 adults (mean age 40 years, SD 13) were randomly assigned to either receive the mHealth app (experimental; n=28) or not to receive the app (control; n=28). All participants engaged in an exercise goal-setting session at baseline. Experimental condition participants received weekly short message service (SMS) text messages grounded in social cognitive theory and were encouraged to self-monitor exercise bouts on the app on a daily basis. Exercise behavior, frequency of self-monitoring exercise behavior, self-efficacy to self-monitor, and self-management of exercise behavior were collected at baseline and at postintervention. Results Engagement in exercise bouts was greater in the experimental condition (mean 7.24, SD 3.40) as compared to the control condition (mean 4.74, SD 3.70, P=.03, d=0.70) at week 8 postintervention. Frequency of self-monitoring increased significantly over the 8-week investigation between the experimental and control conditions (P<.001, partial η2=.599), with participants in the experimental condition self-monitoring significantly more at postintervention (mean 6.00, SD 0.93) in comparison to those in the control condition (mean 1.95, SD 2.58, P<.001, d=2.10). Self-efficacy to self-monitor and perceived self-management of exercise behavior were unaffected by this intervention. Conclusions The successful integration of social cognitive theory into an mHealth exercise self-monitoring app provides support for future research to feasibly integrate theoretical constructs into existing exercise apps. In addition, findings provide preliminary support for theory-based apps to increase self-monitoring and exercise behavior in comparison to a control, no-app condition.
Joint Inventory and Markdown Management for Perishable Goods with Strategic Consumer Behavior

In this paper we formulate and analyze a novel model on a firm’s dynamic inventory and markdown decisions for perishable goods. We consider a dynamic stochastic setting, where every period consists of two phases, clearance phase and regular-sales phase. In the clearance phase, the firm decides how much to order for regular sales, as well as whether to markdown some (or all) of the leftover inventory from the previous period that will be disposed otherwise. Since strategic consumers may buy the product during clearance sales for future consumption, markdown may cannibalize future sales at regular price. Hence, the firm needs to make a trade-off between product spoilage and intertemporal demand substitution. We show that the firm should either put all of the leftover inventory on discount or dispose all of it, and the choice depends on the amount of leftover inventory from the previous period. In particular, the firm should introduce markdown when the amount of leftover inventory is higher than a certain threshold, and dispose all otherwise. We also conduct numerical studies to further characterize the optimal policy, and to evaluate the loss of efficiency under static policies when compared to the optimal dynamic policy.
A Transgenerational Model of Status Attainment: the Potential Mediating Role of School Motivation and Education

This paper examines the influences of parental social status, childhood cognitive ability, school motivation and education on social status attainment in early adulthood. Using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), a pathway model of transgenerational status attainment is conceptualised, taking into account the context as well as the timing of individual status transitions. The subjects were 3104 men and 3229 women who participated in the 1958 National Child Development Study and 3049 men and 2692 women from the 1970 British Cohort Study, following their lives from childhood to their mid-thirties. The findings suggest that in both cohorts the number of years spent in full-time education is by far the most important determinant of status attainment among men and women and that there are persistent social inequalities in status attainment. The findings furthermore confirm the hypothesis that social background and cognitive ability are partially mediated through school motivation and education, opening up leverage for possible interventions.
Studies on the Growth Hormone of Plants: III. The Inhibiting Action of the Growth Substance on Bud Development.

It has long been known that when the growing point of a young dicotyledonous plant is removed, the axillary buds on the stem below it begin to develop. As long as the terminal bud is present, the development of the axillary buds is inhibited. A lateral bud may also be inhibited by the rapid growth of another lateral above it, as we have found in our experiments, or opposite it, as in those of Dostal (1926). Furthermore, Snow (1929a) has shown that the inhibition, in Pisum, is principally due to the young leaves in the developing bud. The evidence indicates that this inhibition is probably caused by a special substance (see Snow, 1929b). There was reason to believe that this inhibiting substance is of the same nature as the growth-promoting substance of Avena coleoptiles, and the experiments to be described here confirm this belief.
Response and reconfiguration of cyber-physical control systems: A survey

The integration of physical systems with distributed embedded computing and communication devices offers advantages on reliability, efficiency, and maintenance. At the same time, these embedded computers are susceptible to cyber-attacks that can harm the performance of the physical system, or even drive the system to an unsafe state; therefore, it is necessary to deploy security mechanisms that are able to automatically detect, isolate, and respond to potential attacks. Detection and isolation mechanisms have been widely studied for different types of attacks; however, automatic response to attacks has attracted considerably less attention. Our goal in this paper is to identify trends and recent results on how to respond and reconfigure a system under attack, and to identify limitations and open problems. We have found two main types of attack protection: i) preventive, which identifies the vulnerabilities in a control system and then increases its resiliency by modifying either control parameters or the redundancy of devices; ii) reactive, which responds as soon as the attack is detected (e.g., modifying the non-compromised controller actions).
Extensions of the Stoney formula for substrate curvature to configurations with thin substrates or large deformations

Two main assumptions which underlie the Stoney formula relating substrate curvature to mis-match strain in a bonded thin film are that the film is very thin compared to the substrate, and the deformations are infinitesimally small. Expressions for the curvature-strain relastionship are derived for cases in which thses assumptions are relaxed, thereby providing a biasis for interpretation of experimental observations for a broader class of film-substrate configurations.
The Application of AHP Method for Universities Procurement and Bidding

Accompany with the vigorous development of higher education, the materials and equipment requirements in college are increasing year by year. Just, fair and scientific materials bidding method has a decisive significance to ensure that tendered and bidder’s legitimate rights and interests. So the method to determine the winning company becomes the focus that tender, bidders and bid evaluation committee pay attention. The commonly used methods that review bid, tender side usually depend on the qualitative analysis and logical judgment, lack quantitative analysis. Bid evaluation is multiple objective decision making problem including technology, economy, security, management and other factors. The applications of the AHP method, taking the influence factors of evaluation as a system to consider, show that the qualitative index can be changed into quantitative index, the evaluation process and conclusions is objectively, fairly and reasonably. This paper proposes a method to quantify the relationship between object and factors in bidding universities procurement of materials, based on the AHP Method and analysis of the representative factors in bidding decision. This model is of universal significance in application. Key words: AHP Method; Universities; Procurement of materials; Biding
A Real-Time Bicycle Record System of Ground Conditions Based on Internet of Things

In recent years, bicycles have quickly become one of the major urban sports. At the same time, with the rise of Internet of Things (IoT), embedded system combine IoT devices are widely used and making computing truly ubiquitous. Although bicycles have various functions, they fail to provide cyclists with sufficient exercise-related information and post-exercise analysis. Therefore, this paper introduced a bicycle record system of ground conditions based on IoT which is combining smartphone and embedded system. The event data recorder comprised two parts, a “smartphone-based event data recorder” and “bicycle-based real-time information feedback system. ” Using the event data recorder, this paper integrated and provided various types of real-time information for cyclists while they cycled to help them achieve their desired exercise results. After cycling, the cyclists could view cycling-related information through software analysis. This information included cycling routes taken, total cycling distance, and total calories burned. The event data recorder also saved information related to cycling routes, such as acceleration, deceleration, directional changes, and slope changes. By analyzing the recorded information, cyclists not only gained further insight into their exercise results but were also able to share cycling-related information through the Internet, which would benefit cyclists who had not cycled along this route before. By developing the bicycle record system, this paper aimed to provide cyclists with real-time, accurate, and complete information, enabling them to enjoy a consummate cycling environment.