Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are men's and women's answers to be equally trusted? A dual collection of birth and marriage histories in a population in Mali (Population, 1, 1997)

Résumé Hertrich (Véronique). - Les réponses des hommes valent-elles celles des femmes ? Une double collecte sur les questions génésiques et matrimoniales dans une population du Mali S 'appuyant sur une double collecte biographique dans un village du Mali, cet article compare les déclarations des hommes et des femmes sur les mariages qui leur sont communs et les naissances qui en sont issues. Contrairement au schéma attendu, les hommes déclarent mieux les grossesses n'ayant pas abouti à une naissance vivante que leurs épouses, probablement en raison d'une occultation ou négligence des femmes à déclarer des événements qui s'affirment comme des échecs de fécondité. L'omission des enfants décédés en bas âge est, en revanche, plus forte de la part des hommes et les estimations de mortalité établies à partir de leurs histoires génésiques sous- estiment ainsi celles que permettent les données féminines. Par rapport à l'ensemble des naissances vivantes, la sous-déclaration des hommes est cependant très modeste et n'entrave pas l'obtention d'une mesure satisfaisante de la fécondité masculine. Du point de vue matrimonial, les déclarations masculines paraissent de meilleure qualité ; elles décrivent plus complètement les composantes du processus préalable à l'union, surtout sur la période ancienne, ce qui tient probablement à leur implication plus importante dans la pratique matrimoniale. Les femmes, associées plus tardivement dans les procédures matrimoniales, en ont une connaissance plus partielle qui rend leurs déclarations moins satisfaisantes pour décrire les procédures matrimoniales et leur évolution. Ces résultats invitent à s'intéresser davantage aux biographies familiales des hommes.
The Performance and Survival of Joint Ventures with Parents of Asymmetric Size

Researchers have argued that IJV performance and survival is affected significantly by its parent firms. In this regard, previous studies mostly focused on the relationship between an IJV and its individual parents, while leaving the relationship between parents firms unexplored. This study considered whether size asymmetry between IJV parents is an additional factor influencing IJV performance and survival. From the perspective of transaction cost economics and resource-based view, we proposed two opposing hypotheses. To test the hypotheses, we used 261 firm-year observations of 145 Japanese IJVs in 1996, 1998 and 2000, with generalized estimating equations (GEEs) and Chi-square tests. No significant relationship was found between size asymmetry between parents and IJV performance and survival. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Outcome of breath tests in adult patients with suspected small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

Aim: The aim was to investigate breath test outcomes in patients with suspected SIBO and indicative symptoms of SIBO, diagnosed by breath testing. Background: Breath testing is used to detect small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) by measuring hydrogen and methane produced by intestinal bacteria. Methods: This retrospective cross sectional study included 311 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms who underwent the breath test for evaluation of SIBO at Celiac Disease Center at Columbia University, New York, in 2014-2015. The patients were divided into two groups based on the physician’s choice: lactulose breath test group (72%) and glucose breath test group (28%). Among them, 38% had a history of celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Results: In total, 46% had a positive breath test: 18% were positive for methane, 24 % positive for hydrogen and 4% positive for both gases (p=0.014). Also, 50% had a positive lactulose breath result and 37% had a positive glucose breath result (p=0.036). The most common symptom for performing the breath test was bloating and the only clinical symptom that significantly showed a positive glucose breath test was increased gas (p=0.028). Conclusion: Lactulose breath test was more often positive than glucose breath test. Positivity for hydrogen was more common than methane. Bloating was the most frequently perceived symptom of the patients undergoing the breath test but the only statistically significant clinical symptom for a positive glucose breath test was increased gas. Furthermore, the results showed that there was no significant association between positive breath test result and gender, age, non-celiac gluten sensitivity or celiac disease.
Local Distributed Decision

A central theme in distributed network algorithms concerns understanding and coping with the issue of {\em locality}. Despite considerable progress, research efforts in this direction have not yet resulted in a solid basis in the form of a fundamental computational complexity theory for locality. Inspired by sequential complexity theory, we focus on a complexity theory for \emph{distributed decision problems}. In the context of locality, solving a decision problem requires the processors to independently inspect their local neighborhoods and then collectively decide whether a given global input instance belongs to some specified language. We consider the standard $\cal{LOCAL}$ model of computation and define $LD(t)$ (for {\em local decision}) as the class of decision problems that can be solved in $t$ communication rounds. We first study the intriguing question of whether randomization helps in local distributed computing, and to what extent. Specifically, we define the corresponding randomized class $BPLD(t,p,q)$, containing all languages for which there exists a randomized algorithm that runs in $t$ rounds, accepts correct instances with probability at least $p$ and rejects incorrect ones with probability at least $q$. We show that $p^2+q = 1$ is a threshold for the containment of $LD(t)$ in $BPLD(t,p,q)$. More precisely, we show that there exists a language that does not belong to $LD(t)$ for any $t=o(n)$ but does belong to $BPLD(0,p,q)$ for any $p,q\in (0,1]$ such that $p^2+q\leq 1$. On the other hand, we show that, restricted to hereditary languages, $BPLD(t,p,q) = LD(O(t))$, for any function $t$ and any $p,q\in (0,1]$ such that $p^2+q&gt, 1$. In addition, we investigate the impact of non-determinism on local decision, and establish some structural results inspired by classical computational complexity theory. Specifically, we show that non-determinism does help, but that this help is limited, as there exist languages that cannot be decided non-deterministically. Perhaps surprisingly, it turns out that it is the combination of randomization with non-determinism that enables to decide \emph{all} languages \emph{in constant time}. Finally, we introduce the notion of local reduction, and establish some completeness results.
Using Timed Base-Choice Coverage Criterion for Testing Industrial Control Software

The base-choice criterion was proposed as a suitable technique for testing software based on its nominal choice of input parameters. Test cases are created based on this strategy by varying the values of one input parameter at a time while keeping the values of the other parameters fixed on the base choice. However, this strategy might not be as effective when used on industrial control software for testing timed behavior. We propose to incorporate time as another parameter when generating and executing tests by defining the timed base-choice coverage criterion. We performed an empirical evaluation using 11 industrial programs written in the IEC 61131-3 programming language. We found that tests generated for timed base-choice criterion show better code coverage (7% improvement) and fault detection (27% improvement) in terms of mutation score than tests satisfying base-choice coverage criterion. The results demonstrate the feasibility of applying timed base-choice criterion for testing industrial control software.
The Density Advantage of Configurable Computing

More and more, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are accelerating computing applications. The absolute performance achieved by these configurable machines has been impressive-often one to two orders of magnitude greater than processor-based alternatives. Configurable computing is one of the fastest, most economical ways to solve problems such as RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adelman) decryption, DNA sequence matching, signal processing, emulation, and cryptographic attacks. But questions remain as to why FPGAs have been so much more successful than their microprocessor and DSP counterparts. Do FPGA architectures have inherent advantages? Or are these examples just flukes of technology and market pricing? Will advantages increase, decrease, or remain the same as technology advances? Is there some generalization that accounts for the advantages in these cases? The author attempts to answer these questions and to see how configurable computing fits into the arsenal of structures used to build general, programmable computing platforms.
Task-Dependent Activations of Human Auditory Cortex during Pitch Discrimination and Pitch Memory Tasks

The functional organization of auditory cortex (AC) is still poorly understood. Previous studies suggest segregation of auditory processing streams for spatial and nonspatial information located in the posterior and anterior AC, respectively (Rauschecker and Tian, 2000; Arnott et al., 2004; Lomber and Malhotra, 2008). Furthermore, previous studies have shown that active listening tasks strongly modulate AC activations (Petkov et al., 2004; Fritz et al., 2005; Polley et al., 2006). However, the task dependence of AC activations has not been systematically investigated. In the present study, we applied high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging of the AC and adjacent areas to compare activations during pitch discrimination and n-back pitch memory tasks that were varied parametrically in difficulty. We found that anterior AC activations were increased during discrimination but not during memory tasks, while activations in the inferior parietal lobule posterior to the AC were enhanced during memory tasks but not during discrimination. We also found that wide areas of the anterior AC and anterior insula were strongly deactivated during the pitch memory tasks. While these results are consistent with the proposition that the anterior and posterior AC belong to functionally separate auditory processing streams, our results show that this division is present also between tasks using spatially invariant sounds. Together, our results indicate that activations of human AC are strongly dependent on the characteristics of the behavioral task.
Evolutionary comparison reveals that diverging CTCF sites are signatures of ancestral topological associating domains borders

Significance Mammalian chromatin is compartmentalized in topologically associating domains (TADs), genomic regions within which sequences preferentially contact each other. This organization has been proposed to be essential to organize the regulatory information contained in mammalian genomes. We show that Six homeobox genes, essential developmental regulators organized in gene clusters across different animal phyla, share a deeply conserved chromatin organization formed by two abutting TADs that predates the Cambrian explosion. This organization is required to generate separate regulatory landscapes for neighboring genes within the cluster, resulting in very different gene expression patterns. Finally, we show that this extremely conserved 3D architecture is associated with a characteristic arrangement of CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) binding sites in diverging orientations, revealing a genome-wide conserved signature for TAD borders. Increasing evidence in the last years indicates that the vast amount of regulatory information contained in mammalian genomes is organized in precise 3D chromatin structures. However, the impact of this spatial chromatin organization on gene expression and its degree of evolutionary conservation is still poorly understood. The Six homeobox genes are essential developmental regulators organized in gene clusters conserved during evolution. Here, we reveal that the Six clusters share a deeply evolutionarily conserved 3D chromatin organization that predates the Cambrian explosion. This chromatin architecture generates two largely independent regulatory landscapes (RLs) contained in two adjacent topological associating domains (TADs). By disrupting the conserved TAD border in one of the zebrafish Six clusters, we demonstrate that this border is critical for preventing competition between promoters and enhancers located in separated RLs, thereby generating different expression patterns in genes located in close genomic proximity. Moreover, evolutionary comparison of Six-associated TAD borders reveals the presence of CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) sites with diverging orientations in all studied deuterostomes. Genome-wide examination of mammalian HiC data reveals that this conserved CTCF configuration is a general signature of TAD borders, underscoring that common organizational principles underlie TAD compartmentalization in deuterostome evolution.
Teresa Urrea, la santa de Cabora

Paz. La paz porfiriana. Se ha llegado a creer que ? ste fue efectivamente el signo de la era porf? rica, pero nada es m? s extra? o a la verdad. En realidad, nunca hubo paz durante el largo per? odo de la dictadura. Pero eso s? : ? cu? ntos cr? menes se cometieron en su nombrel Desde el triunfo de Tuxtepec hasta el de la revoluci? n maderista, el pa? s estuvo estremecido por una serie de movimientos de mayor o menor importancia. El pueblo ofrec? a re sistencia al modo de vida que se le trataba de imponer, y defend? a con su sangre el derecho a vivir en la desorganizaci? n conquistada en 1821, desorden que no era sino una forma an? rquica de la libertad. Don Porfirio, educado en ese estilo de vida pol? tica, no conceb? a otro remedio contra el desorden que la dictadura; y lo grave fue que en ese intento de someter a los profesionales del cuartelazo y de la proclamaci? n de planes de toda ? ndole, acab? tambi? n con los derechos leg? timos del pueblo. "El general D? az ? dijo en un banquete el diputado Alfredo Chavero? ha formado un pedestal de sangre y ca? ones para levantar sobre ? l la estatua de la paz. " Esa estatua era el s? mbolo de la era tux tepecana. Pero a pesar del terror impuesto como norma de gobierno, el pueblo no se someti? jam? s, no abdic? nunca sus derechos. Casi desde el triunfo de Tuxtepec empezaron las dificultades. En el Norte se sublevaron sucesivamente, en 1877, enarbolando la bandera del lerdismo, el coronel Pedro Valdez y el general Mariano Escobedo. El a? o siguiente se rebel? en Jalapa Lorenzo Hern? ndez, secundado en Tlapa coyan por Javier Espino. El 2 de junio de 1879 se lanz? a la lucha en Tepozotl? n el teniente Miguel Negrete, hijo del h? roe del 5 de mayo; el movimiento que se hab? a originado en una proclama subversiva del general Miguel Negrete tuvo ramificaciones en algunas regiones de los Estados de Veracruz y Puebla. En ese mismo mes, el d? a 24, se produjo la famosa matanza organi zada por el general Luis Mier y Ter? n en Veracruz en acatamiento al famoso "m? talos en caliente". Se produjo, por esos mismos d? as, la re beli? n del barco de guerra Libertad. En 1880 se alz? en armas en Sina loa el general Jes? s Ram? rez Terr? n, secundado en la sierra por Heraclio Bernai. Siguieron luego los movimientos fracasados del general Trinidad Garc? a de la Cadena, en Zacatecas, en 1886, y el del general Francisco Ruiz Sandoval en la frontera, en 1890. Dos a? os m? s tarde se produc? an
A rectovaginal fistula after treatment with bevacizumab. A dangerous side effect needing emergency treatment

Despite its effectiveness in the treatment of malignant tumors, bevacizumab is associated with a variety of side effects such as the formation of fistulas (i.e., tracheoesophageal, colovaginal, or rectovaginal). It is important to recognize immediately the emergence of this entity in order to discontinue bevacizumab permanently and treat the fistula.
Estimates of variances due to direct and maternal effects for growth traits of Romanov sheep.

Records of growth traits of 2,086 Romanov lambs were used to estimate variance components for an animal model and genetic correlations between growth traits. Traits analyzed were birth weight (BWT), weaning weight (WW), 90-d weight (W90), and daily gain for the periods birth to weaning (DG1) and weaning to 90 d (DG2). Weaning was at approximately 40 d. Variance components were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood with an animal model including fixed effects for year x season, sex, rearing type, and litter size and random effects for the direct genetic effect of the animal (with relative variance h2), the maternal genetic effect (with relative variance m2), the permanent environmental effect (with relative variance c2), and random residual effect. Genetic correlations were estimated for a model with the same fixed effects and only additive genetic effects. Estimates of the variances of random effects, h2, m2, and c2, respectively, as a proportion of phenotypic variance were . 04, . 22, . 10 (BWT); . 34, . 25, . 0 (WW); . 09, . 01, . 07 (W90); . 26, . 17, . 02 (DG1); and . 15, . 01, . 03 (DG2). Estimates of genetic correlations were . 12 (BWT with WW); . 24 (BWT with W90); . 48 (WW with W90); . 69 (DG1 with DG2); -. 01 (BWT with DG1); . 05 (BWT with DG2); . 59 (WW with DG1); . 47 (WW with DG2); . 67 (W90 with DG1); and . 98 (W90 with DG2). Results suggest that selection should be effective for WW, DG1, and DG2 but less effective for BWT and W90. An important maternal effect was observed for BWT, WW, and DG1. The estimates of genetic correlations showed no genetic antagonisms among the traits.
In vitro inhibition of porcine cytochrome P450 by 17β -estradiol and 17α-estradiol

In vitro inhibition of porcine cytochrome P450 by 17β-estradiol and 17α-estradiol Sexually mature pigs are known to possess high concentrations of testicular steroids, which have been shown to change the activities of cytochrome P450 in vitro. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the regulation of CYP1A and CYP2E1 activity by the steroids dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 3β-androstenol, 17β-estradiol and 17α-estradiol. Catalytic activities of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and 7-methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD) were used as markers of CYP1A activities, while p-nitrophenol hydroxylase (PNPH) was used as a marker of CYP2E1 activities. Of the steroids tested, only 17β-estradiol and 17α-estradiol inhibited EROD and MROD activities. This inhibition was observed when a steroid concentration of 100 μM was used, while lower concentrations showed no inhibitory effect. PNPH activities were inhibited only by 100 μM of 17β-estradiol. The significance of these results in vivo is unknown because inhibition was only found when concentrations of estrogens higher than physiological levels were used. Nevertheless, the results provided further evidence on the important role of estrogens in regulation of porcine cytochrome P450 activities.
Managing dynamic concurrent tasks in embedded real-time multimedia systems

This paper addresses the problem of mapping an application, which is highly dynamic in the future, onto a heterogeneous multiprocessor platform in an energy efficient way. A two-phase scheduling method is used for that purpose. By exploring the Pareto curves and scenarios generated at design time, the run-time scheduler can easily find a good scheduling at a very low overhead, satisfying the system constraints and minimizing the energy consumption. A real-life example from a 3D quality of service kernel is used to show the effectiveness of our method.
Trace minerals intake: Risks and benefits for cardiovascular health

ABSTRACT Minerals play a major role in regulating cardiovascular function. Imbalances in electrolyte minerals are frequent and potentially hazardous occurrences that may lead to the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Transition metals, such as iron, zinc, copper and selenium, play a major role in cell metabolism. However, there is controversy over the effects of dietary and supplemental intake of these metals on cardiovascular risk factors and events. Since their pro-oxidant or antioxidant functions can have different effects on cardiovascular health. While deficiency of these trace elements can cause cardiovascular dysfunction, several studies have also shown a positive association between metal serum levels and cardiovascular risk factors and events. Thus, a J- or U-shaped relationship between the transition minerals and cardiovascular events has been proposed. Given the existing controversies, large, well-designed, long-term, randomized clinical trials are required to better examine the effects of trace mineral intake on cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in the general population. In this review, we discuss the role of dietary and/or supplemental iron, copper, zinc, and selenium on cardiovascular health. We will also clarify their clinical applications, benefits, and harms in CVDs prevention.
Exploiting Rich Telecom Data for Increased Monetization of Telecom Application Stores

With rapid advancement in the capabilities of mobile phones, there has been a tremendous increase in the development and use of mobile applications in recent times. Surprisingly, Telecom operators have not been prominent players in the success of mobile applications and the corresponding mobile Application Stores. We argue that, to offset this going forward, Telecom operators can utilize some of their core strengths to create differentiated Application Stores that will help them compete effectively with their competitors. More specifically, Telecom operators have access to unique data which is not available elsewhere, this can be used to give new insights on their customers and offer them relevant mobile applications. In this paper, we present techniques on how applications can be promoted effectively from a Telecom Application Store utilizing the users' location, their Telecom profiles as well as their social relationships derived from their calling patterns. Moreover, we provide a bidding platform that gives control to developers for highlighting their application by placing bids on multiple Telecom parameters.