Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mindfulness as a Treatment for Behavioural Addiction

Mindfulness is one of the fastest growing areas of psychological research and over 70% of general practitioners in the United Kingdom now believe that mindfulness/meditation can be beneficial for patients with mental health issues [1]. In a previous issue of the Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy, Penberthy focused on an intervention known as mindfulness-based relapse prevention [MBRP] and argued that MBRP appears to be an effective treatment for reducing substance use relapse [2]. Following a critical review of the latest empirical and clinical evidence, we argue that there may also be applications for mindfulness approaches in the treatment of non-chemical (i.e., behavioural) addictions.
Interactive Volume Rendering with Ray Tracing

Recent research on high-performance ray tracing has achieved real-time performance even for highly complex surface models already on a single PC. In this report we provide an overview of techniques for extending real-time ray tracing also to interactive volume rendering. We review fast rendering techniques for different volume repre-sentations and rendering modes in a variety of computing environments. The physically-based rendering approach of ray tracing enables high image quality and allows for easily mixing surface, volume, and other primitives in a scene, while fully accounting for all of their optical interactions. We present optimized implementations and discuss the use of upcoming high-performance processors for volume ray tracing.
Some hierarchies of QCB 0-spaces

We define and study hierarchies of topological spaces induced by the classical Borel and Luzin hierarchies of sets. Our hierarchies are divided into two classes: hierarchies of countably based spaces induced by their embeddings into Pω, and hierarchies of spaces (not necessarily countably based) induced by their admissible representations. We concentrate on the non-collapse property of the hierarchies and on the relationships between hierarchies in the two classes.
Feynman diagrams, Hopf algebras and renormalization

This paper gives a review of Connes-Kreimer formulation of perturbative renormalization in Quantum Field Theory. We begin with the derivation of the Feynman calculus, the Hopf algebra structure on Feynman diagrams and we show the natural occurence of Birkhoff decomposition in perturbative renormalization. Most of proofs is added in the present paper.
Undulatory Swimming in Sand: Subsurface Locomotion of the Sandfish Lizard

Swimming Through Sand Although composed of solid particles, sand can behave like a fluid. If you had to swim through sand, how would you do it? Would you use your arms and legs for propulsion or would you make your body as compact as possible and try to wiggle and slither your way through? Maladen et al. (p. 314) used x-ray imaging to study the motion of sandfish lizards as they burrowed into sand. The sandfish lizard does not use its limbs, but instead flattens them against its body and uses large-amplitude traveling wave oscillation of its body to propel itself. Modeling can explain the motion the lizard uses to propel itself through a medium that is neither liquid nor solid. X-ray imaging reveals the undulatory motion of a sandfish lizard through a granular fluid. The desert-dwelling sandfish (Scincus scincus) moves within dry sand, a material that displays solid and fluidlike behavior. High-speed x-ray imaging shows that below the surface, the lizard no longer uses limbs for propulsion but generates thrust to overcome drag by propagating an undulatory traveling wave down the body. Although viscous hydrodynamics can predict swimming speed in fluids such as water, an equivalent theory for granular drag is not available. To predict sandfish swimming speed, we developed an empirical model by measuring granular drag force on a small cylinder oriented at different angles relative to the displacement direction and summing these forces over the animal movement profile. The agreement between model and experiment implies that the noninertial swimming occurs in a frictional fluid.
Radiation Damage Synchrotron Radiation Non-rigid Image Registration to Reduce Beam- Induced Blurring of Cryo-electron Microscopy Images

The typical dose used to record cryo-electron microscopy images from vitrified biological specimens is so high that radiation-induced structural alterations are bound to occur during data acquisition. Integration of all scattered electrons into one image can lead to significant blurring, particularly if the data are collected from an unsupported thin layer of ice suspended over the holes of a support film. Here, the dose has been fractioned and exposure series have been acquired in order to study beam-induced specimen movements under low dose conditions, prior to bubbling. Gold particles were added to the protein sample as fiducial markers. These were automatically localized and tracked throughout the exposure series and showed correlated motions within small patches, with larger amplitudes of motion vectors at the start of a series compared with the end of each series. A non-rigid scheme was used to register all images within each exposure series, using natural neighbor interpolation with the gold particles as anchor points. The procedure increases the contrast and resolution of the examined macromolecules.
DISCOVERY OF A HIGHLY ENERGETIC X-RAY PULSAR POWERING HESS J1813−178 IN THE YOUNG SUPERNOVA REMNANT G12.82−0.02

We report the discovery of 44.7 ms pulsations from the X-ray source CXOU J181335.1−174957 using data obtained with the XMM-Newton Observatory. PSR J1813−1749 lies near the center of the young radio supernova remnant G12.82−0.02, which overlaps the compact TeV source HESS J1813−178. This rotation-powered pulsar is the second most energetic in the Galaxy, with a spin-down luminosity of erg s−1. In the rotating dipole model, the surface dipole magnetic field strength is Bs = (2.7 ± 0.6) × 1012 G and the spin-down age –7.5 kyr, consistent with the location in the small, shell-type radio remnant. At an assumed distance of 4.7 kpc by association with an adjacent young stellar cluster, the efficiency of PSR J1813−1749 in converting spin-down luminosity to radiation is ≈0.03% for its 2–10 keV flux, ≈0.1% for its 20–100 keV INTEGRAL flux, and ≈0.07% for the >200 GeV emission of HESS J1813−178, making it a likely power source for the latter. The nearby young stellar cluster is possibly the birthplace of the pulsar progenitor, as well as an additional source of seed photons for inverse Compton scattering to TeV energies.
An optimized low swing CMOS driver-receiver for on-chip interconnects

In this paper a low swing driver-receiver pair (lhos-lp) for driving signals is proposed to optimize the energy dissipation and delay of global interconnect lines. The simulation, performed based on 1V 0. 13µm CMOS technology with HSPICE, for signal transmission along a wire- length of 10 mm. The simulation results show lhos-lp is 18% and 14% better than other similar signaling schemes (lhos-db and lhos-lhos) and consumes 17% lower energy than lhos-lhos and it has similar energy consumption respect to lhos-lp. Also this circuit performs 28% and 20% better than lhos-lhos and lhos-db in a point of energy delay product.
A more recent empirical literature claims that reorganization

Firms’ organizational choices are inuenced by external conditions such as the instabilityof the product market. In order to address this issue in a macroeconomic perspective, we embed the rm’s choice of organizational structure in a model of growth through creative destruction, which induces endogenous market volatility. We nd that an increasing supply of skill or globalization may increase the rate of creative destruction, the skill premium, and the skilled wages, and it may depress the unskilled wages. We use an original data set to test the empirical relevance of our theory.
Patient reports of adverse events associated with acupuncture treatment: a prospective national survey

Objective: The primary aim was to establish from acupuncture patients the type and frequency of adverse events they experienced and attributed to their treatment. Secondary aims included the measurement of patient reported adverse consequences arising from advice received about conventional/prescribed medication or from delayed conventional diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Postal survey of prospectively identified acupuncture patients. One in three members of the British Acupuncture Council (n = 638) invited consecutive patients to participate in the survey. Participating patients gave baseline data and consented to direct follow up by the researchers at 3 months. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on perceived adverse events. Results: 9408 patients gave baseline information and consent and 6348 (67%) completed 3 month questionnaires. Responders were not dissimilar to non-responders for all known characteristics. 682 patients reported at least one adverse event over 3 months, a rate of 107 per 1000 patients (95% CI 100 to 115). Three patients reported a serious adverse event. The most common events reported were severe tiredness and exhaustion, pain at the site of needling, and headache. Patients receiving acupuncture treatment that was not funded by the NHS and patients not in contact with a GP or hospital specialist were less likely to report adverse events (odds ratios 0.59 and 0.66, respectively). 199 (3%) of responding patients reported receiving advice about conventional/prescribed medication, six of whom reported adverse consequences after taking the advice. Two patients reported delayed conventional treatment. Conclusion: Patients report a range of adverse events but these do not prevent most patients seeking further acupuncture. This large scale survey supports existing evidence that acupuncture is a relatively safe intervention when practised by regulated practitioners.
Divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) in the brain: implications for a role in iron transport at the blood-brain barrier, and neuronal and glial pathology

Iron is required in a variety of essential processes in the body. In this review, we focus on iron transport in the brain and the role of the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) vital for iron uptake in most cells. DMT1 locates to cellular membranes and endosomal membranes, where it is a key player in non-transferrin bound iron uptake and transferrin-bound iron uptake, respectively. Four isoforms of DMT1 exist, and their respective characteristics involve a complex cell-specific regulatory machinery all controlling iron transport across these membranes. This complexity reflects the fine balance required in iron homeostasis, as this metal is indispensable in many cell functions but highly toxic when appearing in excess. DMT1 expression in the brain is prominent in neurons. Of serious dispute is the expression of DMT1 in non-neuronal cells. Recent studies imply that DMT1 does exist in endosomes of brain capillary endothelial cells denoting the blood-brain barrier. This supports existing evidence that iron uptake at the BBB occurs by means of transferrin-receptor mediated endocytosis followed by detachment of iron from transferrin inside the acidic compartment of the endosome and DMT1-mediated pumping iron into the cytosol. The subsequent iron transport across the abluminal membrane into the brain likely occurs by ferroportin. The virtual absent expression of transferrin receptors and DMT1 in glial cells, i.e., astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes, suggest that the steady state uptake of iron in glia is much lower than in neurons and/or other mechanisms for iron uptake in these cell types prevail.
Within-Burst Synchrony Changes for Coupled Elliptic Bursters

We study a novel phenomenon for coupled identical bursters: synchronized bursts where there are changes of spike synchrony within each burst. The examples we study are for normal form elliptic bursters where there is a periodic slow passage around a Bautin (codimension two degenerate Andronov-Hopf) bifurcation. This burster has a subcritical Andronov-Hopf bifurcation at the onset of repetitive spiking, while the end of burst occurs via a fold limit cycle bifurcation. We study synchronization behavior of two and three Bautin-type elliptic bursters for a linear direct coupling scheme as well as demonstrating the phenomenon in an approximation of gap-junction and synaptic coupling. Burst synchronization is known to be prevalent among such coupled bursters, while spike synchronization is more dependent on the details of the coupling. We note that higher order terms in the normal form that do not affect the behavior of a single burster can be responsible for changes in the synchrony pattern; more precisely, we find within-burst synchrony changes associated with a turning point in the spiking frequency.
The Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors and Prostate Cancer – What We Rely Know About It?

Abstract Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) represent a group of drugs that are registered for the treatment of erectile dysfunctions predominantly, but recently also for treatment of pulmonary hypertension and benign prostatic hypertrophy. However, more and more research deals with possible antitumor potential of PDE5Is in different types of cancers, including prostate cancer. Prostate cancer represents the one of the most common carcinoma in the male population, whose incidence is continuously increasing. Early detection combined with radical prostatectomy increases the survival rate, but also it is necessary to keep in mind the quality of life of patients undergoing prostatectomy in light of bladder control and erectile function. Authors of various clinical studies presented the results that often lead to totally opposing conclusions. For example, Chavez and colleagues have shown that use of PDE5Is in men with erectile dysfunction decreases the risk of developing prostate cancer, while, on the other hand, Michl and colleagues pointed out the adversely effect of PDE5Is on biochemical recurrence after bilateral nerve sparing radical prostatectomy. In that sense, the aim of this review was to present as many as possible of existing results dealing with of action of PDE5Is in the field of prostatic carcinoma. Taking into account all presented data, it can be concluded that eff ect of PDE5Is on formation, development and outcome of treatment in patients with prostate carcinoma is very intriguing question, whose response requires additional both experimental and clinical research.
Large Group Exposure Treatment: A Feasibility Study of Exposure Combined with Diaphragmatic Breathing in Highly Dental Fearful Individuals

A large-group one session treatment (LG-OST) combining exposure and diaphragmatic breathing as a bodily coping element was carried out to investigate its feasibility and effectiveness in a sample of 43 highly dental fearful individuals treated simultaneously. We assessed subjective dental fear, dysfunctional dental-related beliefs, and perceived control pre- and post-intervention and at four-month follow-up. Participants additionally performed a behavioural approach test (BAT) pre- and post-intervention. During the applied exposure exercises, four participants (9.3%) discontinued the program all reporting too high levels of distress. Regarding subjective dental fear and dysfunctional dental related beliefs post treatment effects, LG-OST showed medium to large effect sizes, ranging from Cohen’s d = 0.51 to d = 0.84 in the Intention-to-Treat analysis. Subjective dental fear improved clinically significantly in about one fourth (25.6%) of therapy completers. All post-treatment effects remained stable over time. Concerning the behavioral fear dimension, we observed a strong ceiling effect. Already at pre-assessment, participants accomplished more than six out of seven BAT-steps. Thus, behavioral approach did not increase significantly following treatment. Overall, the LG-OST protocol proved feasible and efficient. Compared to other one-session individual and multi-session group treatments the observed LG-OST effects were smaller. However, if LG-OST could match the efficacy of highly intensive short treatments delivered in an individual setting in the future, for example, by applying a wider array of exposure exercises, it could be a very useful treatment option as an intermediate step within a stepped care approach.
An Ensemble Method for Selection of High Quality Parses

While the average performance of statistical parsers gradually improves, they still attach to many sentences annotations of rather low quality. The number of such sentences grows when the training and test data are taken from different domains, which is the case for major web applications such as information retrieval and question answering. In this paper we present a Sample Ensemble Parse Assessment (SEPA) algorithm for detecting parse quality. We use a function of the agreement among several copies of a parser, each of which trained on a different sample from the training data, to assess parse quality. We experimented with both generative and reranking parsers (Collins, Charniak and Johnson respectively). We show superior results over several baselines, both when the training and test data are from the same domain and when they are from different domains. For a test setting used by previous work, we show an error reduction of 31% as opposed to their 20%.
Self-transcendent Media Experiences: Taking Meaningful Media to a Higher Level

Interest in the meaningful sides of media entertainment has blossomed over the last decade, with numerous scholars examining how certain media content can enhance social good and well-being. Because social scientific work in this area is relatively new and is rapidly evolving numerous conceptualizations of meaningful media experiences have been introduced. In this paper we argue for the importance of recognizing a unique form of media experience that causes us to look beyond our own concerns, to recognize moral beauty, and to feel unity with humanity and nature-what we label here as ``self-transcendent media experiences. ''
THE POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS’ MENTAL MODEL’S ABOUT THE CREATION PROCESS OF LEARNING OUTCOMES

Aim of this study is to determine postgraduate students’ mental models about the creation process of “Learning Outcomes”. The study was carried out with 44 postgraduate students who study in Educational Science Institute of Karadeniz Technical University within 2012-2013 academic year. In the study, a questionnaire composed of four open-ended questions was used as data collection instrument. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed descriptively- interpretatively. Postgraduate students’ mental models about the “Learning Outcomes” was introduced in three phases; preparation phase, design phase and evaluation phase. At the end of the study, designing a scientific model related to design process of “Learning Outcomes” was suggested.
The Relation of Moral Judgment Development and Educational Experience to Recall of Moral Narratives and Expository Texts

Moral text processing was used as an ecologically valid method for assessing implicit and explicit moral understanding and development. The authors tested undergraduates, seminarians, and graduate students in political science and philosophy for recall of moral narratives and moral expository texts. Multivariate analyses of covariance using educational experience as an independent variable, age and moral judgment score as covariates, and recall of embedded moral arguments as a dependent variable revealed a relation between education and level of moral arguments recalled. Lower stage moral reasoning was best recalled by undergraduates, whereas higher stage reasoning was best recalled by graduate students, with seminarians intermediate for both types of text. Moral judgment score was related to recall of the highest level moral arguments even when age and educational experience were controlled. Moral judgment development appeared to be particularly helpful in recall of expository compared with narrative texts.
In Economics and Social Sciences Working Papers Series Socially-embedded Investments: Explaining Gender Differences in Job-specific Skills Socially-embedded Investments: Explaining Gender Differences in Job-specific Skills

Gender-differences in post-schooling skill investments play a central role in stratification processes. Yet little research has been devoted to explaining how these differences come about. This paper helps to fill this gap by proposing and testing a job-investment model with social-interaction effects that melds substantive ideas of sociology and economics. Firms use strategic compensation profiles in order to protect their job-specific skill investments and this shifts the weight of the investment decision to the supply side. Employees consider the tenure-reward profiles of different job-specific investment options and chose rationally on the basis of their expected survival probabilities in each of them. Given uncertainty, actors are likely to inform their job-survival expectations by observing their social context. Three different forms of social influence are distinguished: social-learning, social norms and role identification. It is further argued that social influences on job-survival expectations can be identified empirically by blocking individuals' work and family preferences. Several hypotheses are derived and tested to a subsample of approximately 2,700 young single wage-earners nested in 261 different European regions and 24 different European countries. Results show that young women's job-investment decisions are significantly correlated with 1) the social visibility of women in highly specialized jobs in the preceding generation; 2) the proportion of men who do housework in their potential marriage markets, and 3) the existing fertility norms. working papers series 2 "The study of the labor market is divided by theory rather than by discipline"
Another Look at Indirect Negative Evidence

Indirect negative evidence is clearly an important way for learners to constrain over-generalisation, and yet a good learning theoretic analysis has yet to be provided for this, whether in a PAC or a probabilistic identification in the limit framework. In this paper we suggest a theoretical analysis of indirect negative evidence that allows the presence of ungrammatical strings in the input and also accounts for the relationship between grammaticality/acceptability and probability. Given independently justified assumptions about lower bounds on the probabilities of grammatical strings, we establish that a limited number of membership queries of some strings can be probabilistically simulated.
Inapproximability of Stable Marriage Problems

The stable marriage problem has received considerable attention both due to its practical applications as well as its mathematical structure. While the original problem has all participants rank all members of the opposite sex in a strict order of preference, two natural variations are to allow for incomplete preference lists and ties in the preferences. Both variations are polynomially solvable by a variation of the classical algorithm of Gale and Shapley. On the other hand, it has recently been shown to be NP-hard to nd a maximum cardinality stable matching when both of the variations are allowed. We show here that it is APX-hard to approximate the maximum cardinality stable matching with incomplete lists and ties. This holds for some very restricted instances both in terms of lengths of preference lists and lengths and occurrences of ties in the lists. We also obtain optimal (N) hardness results for 'egalitarian' and 'minimum regret' variants.