Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of mitochondrial haplogroups in a small avar-slavic population from the eigth-ninth century AD.

OBJECTIVES In the sixth century AD, Avars came to Central Europe from middle Eurasian steppes and founded a strong Empire called the Avar Khagante (568-799/803 AD) in the Pannonian basin. During the existence of this empire, they undertook many military and pugnacious campaigns. In the seventh century, they conquered the northern territory inhabited by Slavs, who were further recruited in Avar military and were commissioned with obtaining food supplies. During almost 200 years of Avar domination, a significant influence by the Avar culture (especially on the burial rite) and assimilation with indigenous population (occurrence of "East Asian"cranial features) could be noticed in this mixed area, which is supported by achaeological and anthropologcal research. Therefore we expected higher incidence of east Eurasian haplogroups (introduced by Avars) than the frequencies detected in present-day central European populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mitochondrial DNA from 62 human skeletal remains excavated from the Avar-Slavic burial site Cífer-Pác (Slovakia) dated to the eighth and ninth century was analyzed by the sequencing of hypervariable region I and selected parts of coding region. Obtained haplotypes were compared with other present-day and historical populations and genetic distances were calculated using standard statistical method. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In total, the detection of mitochondrial haplogroups was possible in 46 individuals. Our results prooved a higher frequency of east Eurasian haplogroups in our analyzed population (6.52%) than in present-day central European populations. However, it is almost three times lower than the frequency of east Eurasian haplogroups detected in other medieval Avar populations. The statistical analysis showed a greater similarity and the lowest genetic distances between the Avar-Slavic burial site Cifer-Pac and medieval European populations than the South Siberian, East and Central Asian populations. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the transfer of Avar genetic variation through their mtDNA was rather weak in the analyzed mixed population.
Perceived Stress Predicts Lower Physical Activity in African-American Boys, but not Girls.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine cross-sectional relationships of psychological stress, stress coping, and minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in Amer- ican-American (AA) boys and girls. METHODS A community-based sample of 139 AA adolescents (mean age 14.7 years; SD = 1.8 years; 64.7% girls; 30% obese) from Washtenaw County, Michigan was included in this analysis. Psychological stress was assessed using the Daily Stress Inventory and the Perceived Stress Scale. Coping strategies were evaluated using the Schoolager's Coping Strategies questionnaire. Physical activity was measured objectively via accelerometry. RESULTS Compared to boys, girls participated in approximately 13 fewer minutes of MVPA (p < .001) per day and reported significantly higher levels of daily stress (p = .03) and perceived stress (p < .001). In addition, girls reported using a greater number of coping strategies (p = .01) at a greater frequency (p = .04) compared to boys. However, perceived stress significantly predicted lower levels of MVPA (p = .03) in boys only. CONCLUSIONS There are important gender differences in how AA girls perceive, experience, and cope with stress compared to AA boys. Although AA girls reported higher levels of stress and employed more coping strategies, perceived stress was associated with physical inactivity in AA boys, but not girls. Additional research is warranted to better understand the influence of stress on the choice to be physically active in AA youth.
Phishing identification: An efficient neuro-fuzzy model without using rule sets

The Internet has brought enormous benefits to mankind, but it could be many potential risks. Internet crimes are growing rapidly, phishing is one of the new type of online crime. Phishing site is a fake-site aimed to steal personal information such as password, banking account and credit card information, etc. Most of these phishing pages look similar to the real pages in terms of interface and uniform resource locator (URL) address. Many techniques have been proposed to identify phishing sites. However, the numbers of victims have been increasing due to inefficient protection technique. In this paper, we develop a neuro-fuzzy model for phishing identification efficiently. The model eliminates the subjective factors to improve efficiency such as if-then rule sets, the parameters of membership functions, etc. Moreover, the efficiency features to identify phishing were used for the neuro-fuzzy model. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is examined with large-scale datasets collected from phishing sites and legitimate sites. The results show that the proposed technique can identify over 99% phishing sites.
Meta‐analysis: explicit value of mono‐component proteases in monogastric diets

ABSTRACT A meta‐analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of mono‐component proteases on performance and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility (AIAAD, %) in monogastrics. A total of 67 experimental trials were included in the meta‐analysis from published and internal reports, contributing 467 lines of data. Poultry and swine data accounted for 81 and 19% of the dataset, respectively. Forty‐four different proteases were included in the meta‐analysis, accounting for commercial and non‐commercial products. Mixed Model analysis was used to assess protease effect and the influence of inherent characteristics of the control on protease response. The mean performance response to protease was a reduction in feed conversion ratio (FCR) for poultry (1%, P < 0.05) and swine (4%, P > 0.05). The mean relative effect of protease on AIAAD over the control was 1.6 ± 0.3%, ranging from 1.2% for Arg, Phe and Trp to 2.6% for Cys. For the majority of amino acids, inherent AIAAD of control diets influenced (P < 0.05) the magnitude of the protease response such that, as inherent digestibility increased, the effect of protease on amino acid digestibility decreased. The dataset was subsequently divided into 2 subgroups: diets with and without other enzymes, namely non‐starch polysaccharide degrading enzymes (NSPase) and phytase. Addition of protease in diets containing no other enzymes significantly (P < 0.05) increased AIAAD for the majority of amino acids and tended (P < 0.10) to improve Met, Trp, Pro, Gly, and Tyr. However, when other enzymes were included in the experiment, the beneficial effect of protease on AIAAD was lost (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that when other enzymes are already included in the diet, addition of protease requires further justification for use in monogastric diets.
Analyzing data-flow implementations for distributed execution of inter-organizational processes

Inter-organizational business processes can be designed top-down following the public to private approach. First, a global process model is designed. In a second step, each activity is assigned to one of the business partners. Finally, processes (or views/stubs for refinement) are generated for each partner. The resulting inter-organizational process is executed in a fully distributed way by the set of communicating local processes. Existing approaches concentrate on the control-flow and ignore the data-flow or follow rather simple approaches for implementing the data-flow. However, automatically generating message-exchanges is a challenging task since numerous solutions with hugely varying advantages and disadvantages are possible. In this paper, we present criteria for assessing data-flow implementation and discuss baseline approaches that each optimize one of these criteria. All algorithms are implemented and evaluated for a variety of different process classes.
Remote access of electronic resources for thermal plant using mobile devices

This paper proposes a framework that extends a typical intelligent thermal system management that enables field engineers retrieving vital resources from centralised management station using mobile devices with limited memory, such as PDAs and cell phones. The user enters the input through a Java MIDlet running on the mobile device. The inputs are then transferred to a Java Servlet running on a server to access the electronic resources. A case study on the computation of thermodynamic properties for steam and refrigerant on the server is demonstrated. The computed properties are transmitted back to the mobile device for display.
Composite-Path Switching

Hybrid switching combines a high-bandwidth optical circuit switch in parallel with a low-bandwidth electronic packet switch. It presents an appealing solution for scaling datacenter architectures. Unfortunately, it does not fit many traffic patterns produced by typical datacenter applications, and in particular the skewed traffic patterns that involve highly intensive one-to-many and many-to-one communications. In this paper, we introduce composite-path switching by allowing for composite circuit/packet paths between the two switches. We show how this enables the datacenter network to deal with skewed traffic patterns, and offer a practical scheduling algorithm that can directly extend any hybrid-switching scheduling algorithm. Through extensive evaluations using modern datacenter workloads, we show how our solution outperforms two recently proposed state-of-the-art scheduling techniques, both in completion time and in circuit utilization.
RGB Emission From RE Ions Doped Titania/PVP Hybrid Matrix

RGB emission is observed from titania/PVP hybrid material codoped with RE ions (Eu3+ and Tb3+), were prepared by the non hydrolytic sol‐gel method. Down conversion of light is used for the generation of white light which involves the conversion of UV into visible light by the involvement of phosphors. These activated phosphors with two rare earth ions in the hybrid host represent an efficient way to produce white light emission with CIE chromaticity coordinates of x = 0.291 and y = 0.338, which shows it is a potential phosphor for applications in white UV‐LED and field emission display devices.
Internalized Homonegativity and Substance Use Among U.S. Men Who Have Sex with Men Only (MSMO) and Men Who Have Sex with Men and Women (MSMW)

ABSTRACT Background: Internalized homonegativity may promote substance use among U.S. men who have sex with men only (MSMO) and men who have sex with men and women (MSMW). However, studies have produced mixed findings, used non-representative samples, and not adequately examined MSMW. Objectives: We investigated (1) internalized homonegativity in relation to substance use and (2) the extent of temporal change in internalized homonegativity among MSMO and MSMW. Methods: Using merged 2002, 2006–2010, and 2011–2013 cycles of the National Survey of Family Growth—a nationally representative U.S. sample of persons aged 15–44 years—we acquired subsamples of MSMO (n = 419) and MSMW (n = 195). Rao-Scott chi-square tests examined internalized homonegativity in relation to past-month binge drinking and use of marijuana. These tests examined past-year use of any illicit substance, cocaine, crack, injection drugs, and methamphetamine. Multivariable logistic regression models controlled for covariates. Rao-Scott chi-square tests examined temporal changes in internalized homonegativity. Results: Among MSMO, internalized homonegativity was associated with increased odds of using any illicit substance, cocaine, and methamphetamine. Among MSMW, however, internalized homonegativity was associated with decreased odds of using any illicit substance, cocaine, crack, injection drugs, and methamphetamine. The proportion of MSMO and MSMW who expressed internalized homonegativity did not significantly change during 2002–2013. Conclusions/Importance: Internalized homonegativity may be positively associated with substance use among MSMO, but negatively associated with substance use among MSMW. Future studies should seek to better understand internalized homonegativity and other determinants of substance use among MSMO and MSMW.
Modeling the conflicting demands of parallelism and Temporal/Spatial locality in affine scheduling

The construction of effective loop nest optimizers and parallelizers remains challenging despite decades of work in the area. Due to the increasing diversity of loop-intensive applications and to the complex memory/computation hierarchies in modern processors, optimization heuristics are pulled towards conflicting goals, highlighting the lack of a systematic approach to optimizing locality and parallelism. Acknowledging these conflicting demands on loop nest optimization, we propose an algorithmic template capable of modeling the multi-level parallelism and the temporal/spatial locality of multiprocessors and accelerators. This algorithmic template orchestrates a collection of parameterizable, linear optimization problems over a polyhedral space of semantics-preserving transformations. While the overall problem is not convex, effective algorithms can be derived from this template delivering unprecedented performance portability over GPU and multicore CPU. We discuss the rationale for this algorithmic template and validate it on representative computational kernels/benchmarks.
Modification of Hydroxyapatite/gelatin Nanocomposite with the Addition of Chondroitin Sulfate

In the preparation of hydroxyapatite (HAp)/gelatin (GEL) nanocomposite, GEL matrix was modified by the introduction of chondroitin sulfate (ChS) to obtain a strongly organized composite body. The formation reaction of the HAp/GEL-ChS nanocomposite was then investigated via XRD, DT/TGA, FT-IR, TEM and SEM. The organic-inorganic interaction between HAp nanocrystallites and GEL molecules was confirmed from DT/TGA and FT-IR. According to the DT/TGA results, the exothermal temperature zone between 300 and 550℃ showed an additional peak temperature that indicated the decomposition of the combined organics of the GEL and ChS. From the FT-IR analysis, calcium phosphate (Ca-P) was covalently bound with the GEL macromolecules modified by ChS. From TEM and ED, the matrix of the GEL-ChS molecules was mineralized by HAp nanocrystallites and the dense dried nanocomposite body was confirmed from SEM micrographs.
Vulnerabilities Scoring Approach for Cloud SaaS

It is known to be full of challenges to score vulnerabilities of cloud services developed by different third-party providers. Although there have been a few systems for scoring vulnerabilities (e.g., CVSS) of many existing softwares, most of them are unable to be leveraged to score vulnerabilities in cloud services, because they fail to consider some important factors located in the clouds such as business context (i.e., Dependency relationships between services). This paper presents VScorer, a novel security framework to score vulnerabilities in various cloud services based on different given requirements. By inputting concrete business context and security requirement into VScorer, cloud provider can get a ranking list of vulnerabilities in the business based on the given security requirement. Following the ranking list, cloud provider is able to patch the most critical vulnerabilities first. We developed a prototype and demonstrate VScorer can work better than current representative vulnerability scoring system CVSS.
Hybrid cooperative spectrum sensing with cyclostationary detector and improved energy detector for cognitive radio networks

In this paper, the primary user (PU) is detected by a hybrid detector which is the blend of cyclostationary detection (CD) and improved energy detection (IED). The detection is done by a combination of IED followed by CD. In our proposed hybrid technique, a CD is employed for low SNR and an IED is employed for high SNR. The performance with this proposed scheme is compared individually with conventional energy detection (CED), IED, CD and a hybrid scheme which is a combination of CED and CD.
Detection of anomalous behavior of smartphones using signal processing and machine learning techniques

Different applications in smartphones result in different power consumption patterns. The fact that every application has been coded to perform different tasks leads to the claim that every action onboard (whether software or hardware) will consequently have a trace in the power consumption of the smartphone. Even though the power consumed by the application might not be the same every time it is used, there still remains a similarity in the power consumption pattern. An anomalous behavior on the smartphone would result in a reduction in the similarity of the power consumption pattern. This change in similarity can be used to detect the presence of anomalous behavior of smartphones. We have proposed two approaches to detecting anomalous behavior on smartphones based on the power consumption pattern. The first approach is based on signal processing and the second approach explores the area of statistical learning in detecting malware. The two approaches have been analysed, evaluated, and compared. It has been observed that the signal processing method of detection performed better for anomalous behavior of lower intensity and the statistical learning method performed better for higher intensity anomalous behavior. It was also observed that both the methods are complementary.
Sparsity and level set regularization for diffuse optical tomography using a transport model in 2D

In this paper we address an inverse problem for the time-dependent linear transport equation (or radiative transfer equation) in 2D having in mind applications in diffuse optical tomography (DOT). We propose two new reconstruction algorithms which so far have not been applied to such a situation and compare their performances in certain practically relevant situations. The first of these reconstruction algorithms uses a sparsity promoting regularization scheme, whereas the second one uses a simultaneous level set reconstruction scheme for two parameters of the linear transport equation. We will also compare the results of both schemes with a third scheme which is a more traditional L2-based Landweber–Kaczmarz scheme. We focus our attention on the DOT application of imaging the human head of a neonate where the simpler diffusion approximation is not well-suited for the inversion due to the presence of a clear layer beneath the skull which is filled with ‘low-scattering’ cerebrospinal fluid. This layer, even if its location and characteristics are known a priori, poses significant difficulties for most reconstruction schemes due to its ‘wave-guiding’ property which reduces sensitivity of the data to the interior regions. A further complication arises due to the necessity to reconstruct simultaneously two different parameters of the linear transport equation, the scattering and the absorption cross-section, from the same data set. A significant ‘cross-talk’ between these two parameters is usually expected. Our numerical experiments indicate that each of the three considered reconstruction schemes do have their merits and perform differently but reasonably well when the clear layer is a priori known. We also demonstrate the behavior of the three algorithms in the particular situation where the clear layer is unknown during the reconstruction.
Treatment of a pediatric patient with MET‐amplified signet ring cell adenocarcinoma of the stomach with crizotinib

Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma (SRCA) of the stomach is an aggressive form of gastric cancer that correlates with an advanced disease stage and poor overall survival in pediatric patients.1–3 Herein, we report a case of stage IV SRCA of the stomach with mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET) amplification that responded to crizotinib, a dual anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK)/MET inhibitor, and conduct a literature review.
2.45 GHz /5.8 GHz dual-band power amplifier for wireless power transfer in space applications

Recently wireless power transfer (WPT) has received special attention due to the increasing need for autonomous devices to implement concepts such as the Internet of Things (IoT). This work deals with the design of a dual-band power amplifier for wireless power transfer. The ISM frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz were selected as they are typically used in far-field WPT systems. Among the available technologies for the design of circuits operating at the microwave and millimetre wave frequency bands stands the Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology that combines the advantages of a bulky metallic waveguide such as low-losses and high isolation and microstrip technology such as ease of fabrication and reduced fabrication cost. This work combines the concept of Composite Right/Left-Handed (CRLH) unit cells and SIW technology for the implementation of an efficient power amplifier. A 10 W RF power GaN HEMT transistor from Cree was selected for the design. The simulated results showed a PAE of 55% and a gain of 14 dB at 2.4 GHz and a PAE of 36% and a gain of 9.7 dB at 5.8 GHz.
Radio-Based Traffic Flow Detection and Vehicle Classification for Future Smart Cities

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) providing vehicle-related statistical data are one of the key components for future smart cities. In this context, knowledge about the current traffic flow is used for travel time reduction and proactive jam avoidance by intelligent traffic control mechanisms. In addition, the monitoring and classification of vehicles can be used in the field of smart parking systems. The required data is measured using networks with a wide range of sensors. Nevertheless, in the context of smart cities no existing solution for traffic flow detection and vehicle classification is able to guarantee high classification accuracy, low deployment and maintenance costs, low power consumption and a weather-independent operation while respecting privacy. In this paper, we propose a radiobased approach for traffic flow detection and vehicle classification using signal attenuation measurements and machine learning algorithms. The results of comprehensive measurements in the field prove its high classification success rate of about 99%.
Development of coronal cementum in hypsodont horse cheek teeth

The horse is a grazing herbivore whose cheek teeth are hypsodon; that is, they possess long crowns that are completely covered by coronal cement at eruption. For elucidation of the sequential events in the formation of this coronal cementum in the mandibular horse cheek teeth, in the present study the lower 3rd permanent premolar teeth (PM4) from 3.5‐, 4‐, and 5‐year‐old horses were compared by using radiography, microcomputed tomography (Miro‐CT), light microscopy (LM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The present study clearly showed that prior to coronal cementogenesis tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)‐positive odontoclasts resorbed on the enamel surface of the reserve crown in horse cheek tooth. Enamel resorption areas were relatively narrow, and started from the cuspal tips, and moved in the apical direction during tooth development. A primary cementum was initially deposited on the irregularly pitted enamel–cementum junction (ECJ) of the infolding and peripheral enamel. The infolding cementum filled grooves completely by the time of tooth eruption. On the other hand, in the peripheral cementum, the secondary and tertiary cementum layers were sequentially deposited on the primary cementum. These two cementum layers were sites for the insertion of the periodontal ligaments, and were continually laid down on the primary cementum coronally rather than apically throughout the life. The results of the present study suggest that the coronal cementum of horse cheek teeth is a multistructural and multifunctional tissue, meeting the requirements of its many different functions. Anat Rec, 297:716–730, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.