Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diffractive Vector Meson Photoproduction from Dual String Theory

We study diffractive vector-meson photoproduction using string theory via AdS/CFT. The large s behavior of the cross sections for the scattering of the vector meson V on a proton is dominated by the soft Pomeron, {sigma}{sub V}{approx}s{sup 2{epsilon}}{sup -2{alpha}{sub P}{sup '}}{sup /B}, where from the string theory model of [arXiv:hep-th/0501039], {epsilon} is approximately 1/7 below 10 GeV, and 1/11 for higher, but still sub-Froissart, energies. This is due to the production of black holes in the dual gravity. In {phi} photoproduction the mesonic Regge poles do not contribute, so that we deal with a pure Pomeron contribution. This allows for an experimental test. At the gauge theory 'Planck scale' of about 1-2 GeV, the ratios of the soft Pomeron contributions to the photoproduction cross sections of different vector mesons involve not only the obvious quark model factors, but also the Boltzmann factors e{sup -4M{}sub V}{sup /T{}sub 0}, with T{sub 0} the temperature of the dual black hole. The presence of these factors is confirmed in the experimental data for {rho}, {omega}, {phi}, J/{psi}, and {psi}(2S) photoproduction and is compatible with the meager {upsilon} photoproduction data. Throughout, we use vector-meson dominance, and from the data we obtain T{sub 0} of aboutmore » 1.3 GeV, i.e. the gauge theory ''Planck scale,'' as expected. The ratio of the experimental soft Pomeron onset scale E-circumflex{sub R}{approx}9 GeV and of the gauge theory Planck scale, T{sub 0}{approx}1.3 GeV, conforms to the theoretical prediction of N{sub c}{sup 2}/N{sub c}{sup 1/4}. « less
Clarity in the Usage of the Terms Ontology , Taxonomy and Classification

There is a lack of clarity when discussing the following three terms: classifications, taxonomies and ontologies. A general cause of confusion is caused by a trend, observed at a recent conference, to use the most fashionable of the three terms: “ontology”, without further qualifications. This lack of clarity prompted the writing of this paper with the aim of clarifying the terminology used. A detailed extract from all relevant papers of the EBEW-conference 2001 on the use of the three terms was made to provide a quantification of the usage of the three terms. The recommendation by the author is to make a specific choice of label (“ontology”, “taxonomy” or “classification”) for your dataset and to provide further qualification on top of that label to remove ambiguity.
Design and Analysis of Silicon Photonics Wave Guides Using Symbolic Methods

Although the demise of Moore's law has been predicted many times in the recent past, the emergence of silicon photonics has the potential to extend the lifetime of Moore's law significantly. Using conventional CMOS processing for the generation, routing, and processing of light waves, silicon photonics has finally brought the full power of photonics to very large scale integration (VLSI). However, along with these benefits, significant challenges in computer aided design of silicon photonics have also arisen. This paper presents a novel symbolic method based on Gröbner basis of tangent space polynomials of parametric curves to address these challenges. We analyze the design, optimization and verification of silicon photonic wave guides using parametric polynomials, and demonstrate the powerful method of Gröbner basis functions to solve complex problems such as envelope generation, rectification, manufacturability, singularity detection, reticle and etch processing model generation, tapering loss minimization, and bend loss minimization. We present the use of computer algebra systems such as MAXIMA and REDUCE, to analyze waveguide arrays. In addition, the methods presented in this paper can also be used for the analysis of curves arising from micro-electronic mechanical systems and micro-fluidics VLSI layouts.
Cyber Criminal Activity Analysis Models using Markov Chain for Digital Forensics

Recognizing links between offender patterns is one of the most crucial skills of an investigator. Early recognition of similar patterns can lead to focusing resources, improving clearance rates, and ultimately saving lives in terms of digital forensics. In this paper we propose a forensics methodology using Markov chain during a given time interval for tracking and predicting the degree of criminal activity as it evolves over time. In other words, we describe intrusion scenario, and classify profiling of user's behavior by prior probability based Markov chain. Also, we apply the noise page elimination algorithm (NPEA) to reduce an error of probability prediction. Finally, we have experiment our model on dataset and have analysis their accuracy by Monte Carlo simulation.
Expansion of First-in-Class Drug Candidates That Sequester Toxic All-Trans-Retinal and Prevent Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration

All-trans-retinal, a retinoid metabolite naturally produced upon photoreceptor light activation, is cytotoxic when present at elevated levels in the retina. To lower its toxicity, two experimentally validated methods have been developed involving inhibition of the retinoid cycle and sequestration of excess of all-trans-retinal by drugs containing a primary amine group. We identified the first-in-class drug candidates that transiently sequester this metabolite or slow down its production by inhibiting regeneration of the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal. Two enzymes are critical for retinoid recycling in the eye. Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) is the enzyme that traps vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) from the circulation and photoreceptor cells to produce the esterified substrate for retinoid isomerase (RPE65), which converts all-trans-retinyl ester into 11-cis-retinol. Here we investigated retinylamine and its derivatives to assess their inhibitor/substrate specificities for RPE65 and LRAT, mechanisms of action, potency, retention in the eye, and protection against acute light-induced retinal degeneration in mice. We correlated levels of visual cycle inhibition with retinal protective effects and outlined chemical boundaries for LRAT substrates and RPE65 inhibitors to obtain critical insights into therapeutic properties needed for retinal preservation.
GENERATION OF TOPOGRAPHIC AND THEMATIC PLANETARY MAPS USING THE SOFTWARE

Introduction: The “Planetary Image Mapper” (PIMap) is a cartographic software package for the generation of topographic image maps and also thematic maps. Such products are usually based on orthoimages and supplemented with topographic data, i.e. contour lines and named surface features, and/or thematic information. The entire topographic content, grids, frame lines, map titles and sheet designation as well as typical marginal elements can be automatically generated “all in one” with the PIMap software system. Basically, the software was designed for the operational production of the Topographic Image Map Mars 1:200,000, the standard map series of the Mars Express mission [1,3]. However, due to its flexibility regarding reference body definitions, projections, scales, and layout specifications, PIMap is broadly applicable in planetary cartography. It is not only used for Mars at TU Berlin and in the HRSC on Mars Express team but, moreover, it has been implemented at DLR to map Saturnian satellites as part of the Cassini mission. Software Features: PIMap has been developed at TU Berlin in ANSI C++; it is executable under both Microsoft Windows and Linux environments [5]. The software is controlled by solely one initialization file in ASCII format, which contains all parameters (keyword equals value) to define map properties, contents, and layout. Depending on the particular task, further input is required. The following data can be processed:
Intelligent assist devices in industrial applications: a review

The state-of-the-art in intelligent assist devices (IADs) is reviewed. IADs are computer-controlled tools that enable production workers to lift, move and position payloads quickly, accurately, and safely. Several examples of industrial applications are given, illustrating typical configurations and functionality, including strength amplification and virtual surfaces. The concept of human intent sensing is introduced and discussed, as are IAD safety and control considerations.
Hermeneutics of Art and Poetry Through the Lens of Neuroscience: Letter to Editor

Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IR Iran Research Offices for the History of Persian Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IR Iran Department of English Languages, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IR Iran Department of Psychology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IR Iran Corresponding author: Seyyed Amir Yasin Ahmadi, Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9392838309, E-mail: yasin_ahmadi73@yahoo.com
Country Cartels ∗

We analyze collusion under demand uncertainty by cartels such as OPEC that care about the utility derived from profits by citizens. When citizens are sufficiently risk averse and fixed operating costs are non-trivial, it becomes difficult for cartels to collusively restrict output both when demand is low and marginal dollars are highlyvalued, and when demand is high and potential defection profits are high: output relative to monopoly levels becomes a U-shaped function of demand. Greater risk aversion or higher fixed operating costs make collusion more difficult to support in recessions, but easier in booms. ∗We thank Odilon Camara for helpful comments. †Department of Economics, University of Illinois, David Kinley Hall, Urbana, IL 61820. E-mail: danber@illinois.edu ‡Department of Finance, Orfalea College of Business, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407. E-mail: mrastad@calpoly.edu
Cyber-Stalking or Just Plain Talking?: Investigating the Linguistic Properties of Rape-Threat Messages as Compulsive Behaviours

In the United Kingdom there were a number of rape threats made to prominent public figures who identify feminists. It led to three people being jailed, namely Isabella Sorley, John Nimmo and Peter Nunn. This was at a time when the UK police had identified around 50,000 online sex offenders but said they could not all be prosecuted. This study investigates the use of rape threats and other threatening language based on those tweeted by these people to see the contexts in which they are used. The study finds that most rape and other threats made are done as a joke and not with any real malicious intent. The chapter recommends on the basis of the evidence necessary for the authorities to use the judgement in DPP v Chambers, which would mean the context of an alleged abusive message would be considered.
The Opportunity of Linked Data for the European Higher Education Area

The european higher education area (EHEA) aims to create a more comparable, compatible and coherent space of Higher Education in Europe. After a decade of reforms, most of the required instruments are already in place, so the next years are key to complete the implementation and consolidation of the EHEA. However, data challenges pose a threat to pivotal EHEA processes such as credit recognition that require institutions to cooperate and integrate their datasets scattered across diverse repositories in multiple data formats. Linked Data principles and practices have the potential to address such difficulties, as demonstrated with the emergence of a global data space –the Web of Data. This paper first discusses the benefits of Linked Data for the emergent EHEA, devising a new set of Linked Data-driven scenarios that leverage current EHEA processes. Further, a set of preliminary Linked Data deployments is examined to assess the advantages and identify the challenges ahead in the EHEA landscape.
Incremental and SQL-Based Data Grid Mining Algorithm for Mobility Prediction of Mobile Users

In this paper, we propose a new SQL based incremental distributed algorithm for predicting the next location of a mobile user in a mobile web environments. Parallel and Distributed data mining algorithm is applied on moving logs stored in geographically distributed data grid to generate the mobility pattern, which provides various location based services to the mobile users. One of the existing works for deriving mobility pattern is re-executing the algorithm from scratch results in excessive computation. In our work, we have designed new incremental algorithm by maintaining infrequent mobility patterns, which avoids unnecessary scan of full database. We built data grid system on a cluster of workstation using open source Globus Toolkit (GT) and Message Passing Interface extended with Grid Services (MPICH-G2). The experiments were conducted on original data sets with incremental addition of data and the computation time was recorded for each data sets. We analyzed our results with various sizes of data sets and it shows the time taken to generate mobility pattern by incremental mining algorithm is less than re-computing approach.
Racial Discrimination and Substance Use among Korean American Adolescents

Purpose: The goal of this study was to examine the association between perceived racial discrimination and substance use and the potential moderating effect of perceived parental affection between the two variables. Methods: A total of 101 Korean American adolescents participated in this cross-sectional study utilized an online survey. Descriptive statistics were used to describe for means and frequencies and the patterns of substance use. Logistic regression analysis was also used to examine the association between perceived discrimination and substance use. Results: Ninety percent of the participants reported perceiving racial discrimination, and 21% had used at least one kind of substance in the month prior to taking the survey. The most frequently used substance was alcohol, followed by marijuana and tobacco products. Logistic regression analysis revealed a link between perceived racial discrimination and substance use (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.01, 3.00). However, parental affection did not moderate between racial discrimination and substance use. Conclusion: These findings suggest that perceived racial discrimination is positively associated with substance use among Korean American adolescents, and health care providers, counselors, and school nurses should screen for discrimination-related stress and substance use in this population.
Viruses in food: scientific advice to support risk management activities: meeting report

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) or of the World Health Organization (WHO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of FAO nor of WHO nor of their affiliated organization(s). All reasonable precautions have been taken by FAO and WHO to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall FAO or WHO be liable for damages arising from its use.
Uncorrelated Discriminant Locality Aware Embedding for Face Recognition

In this paper, we describe a feature extraction algorithm called Discriminant Uncorrelated Locality Aware Embedding, DULAM for short, which is based on LPP (locality preserving projection). LPP can preserve the local structure of the data, but does not take the class information into account, besides, the extracted feature might be highly correlated. To overcome these drawbacks, DULAM is proposed, which not only preserves the locality of the data, but also takes the class information into consideration, and an uncorrelated constraint is also imposed to reduce the redundancy, thus it betters the recognition performance. Experiments validate the correctness and effectiveness of the algorithm.
A robust underwater acoustic communication approach for pipeline transmission

As a special but important scenario, the critical requirement on robust and effective wireless acoustic communication through the pipeline is increased in the applications such as oil exploration and geological exploration. However, due to the complexity of the pipeline environment including strict band limitation, multi reflection and refraction from state-mixed transmission media of liquid, gas and solid, such a multipath channel is so sophisticated that relevant practical research is still a blank. In this article, after several field experiments, the characteristic of underwater pipeline channels is deeply tested and presented. Then a group of robust approaches mainly based on chirp signals for underwater communication through the pipeline is systematically proposed, where mainly including synchronization, timing and frequency offset estimation and signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimation for signal identification. Under conditions with center frequency 12 kHz and 1.1 kHz, both simulations and field experiments were performed. Their numerical results validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approaches via the good and stable performance of detection, synchronization, estimation and demodulation under the ultra-low power consumption even at long distances.
Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Adult Urinary Bladder: A Rare Case Report of Misclassification as Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) of the adult urinary bladder is a rare malignant tumour. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) of the bladder is a benign genitourinary tumour that may appear variable histologically but usually lacks unequivocal malignant traits. Techniques like flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry may be used to differentiate these two tumours. Our patient, a 46-year-old male, had rapidly recurring lower urinary tract symptoms after two transurethral resections of the prostate. He subsequently underwent a transvesical prostatectomy which showed IMT on histology. However, his symptoms did not resolve and an open resection done at our institution revealed a 6 cm tumour arising from the right bladder neck. This time, histology was ERMS with diffuse anaplasia of the bladder. Rapid recurrence of urinary symptoms with prostate regrowth after surgery is unusual. Differential diagnoses of uncommon bladder malignancies should be considered if there is an inconsistent clinical course as treatment approaches are different.
Extended Diffraction Tomography

We present the development of extended diffraction tomography, a new approach to the solution of the linear seismic waveform inversion problem. This method has several appealing features, such as the use of arbitrary depth-dependent reference models and the decomposition of the full 2D or 3D inverse problem into a large number of independent 1D problems. This decomposition makes the method naturally highly parallelizable. Careful implementation yields significant robustness with respect to noise. Several synthetic examples are shown which characterize the benefits of our method and demonstrate the usefulness of choosing realistic 1D reference media.
Intertwined Epidemics: National Demographic Trends in Hospitalizations for Heroin- and Opioid-Related Overdoses, 1993–2009

The historical patterns of opiate use show that sources and methods of access greatly influence who is at risk. Today, there is evidence that an enormous increase in the availability of prescription opiates is fuelling a rise in addiction nationally, drawing in new initiates to these drugs and changing the geography of opiate overdoses. Recent efforts at supply-based reductions in prescription opiates may reduce harm, but addicted individuals may switch to other opiates such as heroin. In this analysis, we test the hypothesis that changes in the rates of Prescription Opiate Overdoses (POD) are correlated with changes in the rate of heroin overdoses (HOD). ICD9 codes from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample and population data from the Census were used to estimate overall and demographic specific rates of POD and HOD hospital admissions between 1993 and 2009. Regression models were used to test for linear trends and lagged negative binomial regression models were used to model the interrelationship between POD and HOD hospital admissions. Findings show that whites, women, and middle-aged individuals had the largest increase in POD and HOD rates over the study period and that HOD rates have increased in since 2007. The lagged models show that increases in a hospitals POD predict an increase in the subsequent years HOD admissions by a factor of 1.26 (p<0.001) and that each increase in HOD admissions increase the subsequent years POD by a factor of 1.57 (p<0.001). Our hypothesis of fungibility between prescription opiates and heroin was supported by these analyses. These findings suggest that focusing on supply-based interventions may simply lead to a shift in use to heroin rather minimizing the reduction in harm. The alternative approach of using drug abuse prevention resources on treatment and demand-side reduction is likely to be more productive at reducing opiate abuse related harm.
A Portable &amp; Cost Effective Human Computer Interface Device for Disabled

The development of the computers has made human life more comfortable. Human -- computer Interaction (HCI) involves the study, planning, and design of the interaction between people (users) and computers. This research paper aims at the development of a portable and cost effective wireless eye movement-controlled HCI which can be used for the disabled who have motor paralysis and their hands cannot be used in multiple applications. A new mouse is proposed as an input device whose operation is based on measurement of rotations of the user's head and detection of eye blinks. The software and hardware implementation of this HCI interface have been done using Linux platform and ATMEGA328 microcontroller respectively. The results show that the proposed system works efficiently and produces an error rate that allows it to be used as part of HCI. Thus, the system provides a flexible and cost effective method for the disabled to improve the quality of life.
Comparing Community Structure to Characteristics in Online Collegiate Social Networks

We study the structure of social networks of students by examining the graphs of Facebook “friendships” at five U.S. universities at a single point in time. We investigate the community structure of each single-institution network and employ visual and quantitative tools, including standardized pair-counting methods, to measure the correlations between the network communities and a set of self-identified user characteristics (residence, class year, major, and high school). We review the basic properties and statistics of the employed pair-counting indices and recall, in simplified notation, a useful formula for the $z$-score of the Rand coefficient. Our study illustrates how to examine different instances of social networks constructed in similar environments, emphasizes the array of social forces that combine to form “communities,” and leads to comparative observations about online social structures, which reflect offline social structures. We calculate the relative contributions of different characteristics to the community structure of individual universities and compare these relative contributions at different universities. For example, we examine the importance of common high school affiliation at large state universities and the varying degrees of influence that common major can have on the social structure at different universities. The heterogeneity of the communities that we observe indicates that university networks typically have multiple organizing factors rather than a single dominant one.