Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
One-Step Dry Coating of Hybrid ZnO–WO3 Nanosheet Photoanodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting with Composition-Dependent Performance

In this study, the potential of zinc oxide (ZnO), tungsten oxide (WO3), and their composites (ZnO–WO3) as photoanodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting was investigated. ZnO–WO3 nanocomposites (NCs) were deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates at room temperature using a one-step dry coating process, the nanoparticle deposition system, with no post-processes. Different compositions of ZnO–WO3 NCs were optimized to enhance the kinetics of the PEC water-splitting reaction. Surface morphology analysis revealed the transformation of microsized particle nanosheets (NS) powder into nanosized particle nanosheets (NS) across all photoanodes. The optical characteristics of ZnO–WO3 photoanodes were scrutinized using diffuse reflectance and photoluminescence emission spectroscopy. Of all the hybrid photoanodes tested, the photoanode containing 10 wt. % WO3 exhibited the lowest bandgap of 3.20 eV and the lowest emission intensity, indicating an enhanced separation of photogenerated carriers and solar energy capture. The photoelectrochemical results showed a 10% increase in the photocurrent with increasing WO3 content in ZnO–WO3 NCs, which is attributed to improved charge transfer kinetics and carrier segregation. The maximum photocurrent for a NC, i.e., 10 wt. % WO3, was recorded at 0.133 mA·cm−2 at 1.23V vs. a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). The observed improvement in photocurrent was nearly 22 times higher than pure WO3 nanosheets and 7.3 times more than that of pure ZnO nanosheets, indicating the composition-dependence of PEC performance, where the synergy requirement strongly relies on utilizing the optimal ZnO–WO3 ratio in the hybrid NCs.
Palynofloral patterns of terrestrial ecosystem change during the end-Triassic event – a review

Abstract A review of the palynofloral succession at the well-documented Triassic–Jurassic boundary sites – Kuhjoch (Austria), St Audrie's Bay (UK), Stenlille (Denmark), Astartekløft (Greenland), Sverdrup Basin (Arctic Canada), Northern Carnarvon Basin (Western Australia), Southeast Queensland (eastern Australia) and New Zealand – show all sites experienced major to moderate re-organization of the terrestrial vegetation during the end-Triassic event. The changes led to subsequent taxonomic losses of between 17% and 73% of the Rhaetian pre-extinction palynoflora. The majority of the typical Rhaetian taxa that disappear are so far not known from in situ occurrences in reproductive structures of macrofossil plant taxa. From an ecological perspective, the most dramatic changes occurred in the Sverdrup Basin, Stenlille, Kuhjoch and Carnarvon Basin, where the pre- and post-extinction palynofloras were fundamentally different in both composition and dominance. These changes correspond to ecological severity Category I of McGhee et al. (2004), while the remaining sites are placed in their Subcategory IIa because there the pre-extinction ecosystems are disrupted, but recover and are not replaced post-extinction. Increased total abundances of spores on both hemispheres during the extinction and recovery intervals may indicate that environmental and/or climatic conditions became less favourable for seed plants. Such conditions may include expected effects of volcanism in the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province, such as acid rain, terrestrial soil and freshwater acidification due to volcanic sulfur dioxide emissions, fluctuating ultraviolet flux due to ozone depletion caused by halogens and halocarbon compounds, and drastic changes in climatic conditions due to greenhouse gas emissions.
Review on new approach methods to gain insight into the feto-maternal interface physiology

Non-human animals represent a large and important feature in the history of biomedical research. The validity of their use, in terms of reproducible outcomes and translational confidence to the human situation, as well as ethical concerns surrounding that use, have been and remain controversial topics. Over the last 10 years, the communities developing microphysiological systems (MPS) have produced new approach method (NAMs) such as organoids and organs-on-a-chip. These alternative methodologies have shown indications of greater reliability and translatability than animal use in some areas, represent more humane substitutions for animals in these settings, and – with continued scientific effort – may change the conduct of basic research, clinical studies, safety testing, and drug development. Here, we present an introduction to these more human-relevant methodologies and suggest how a suite of pregnancy associated feto-maternal interface system-oriented NAMs may be integrated as reliable partial-/full animal replacements for investigators, significantly aid animal-/environmental welfare, and improve healthcare outcomes.
IoT Sea Level Monitoring Development and Field Testing Study

The measurement of sea level is essential to oceanography because it provides vital information about the ocean environment, such as tides, currents, and water temperature. This research aimed to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based sea level monitoring device that can precisely measure sea level and transmit data in real time. An ESP32 microcontroller, a GSM module, an MS5803-14BA sensor, and a battery constituted the device. To protect the electronics from the ocean environment, the components were assembled on a PCB board and placed within a waterproof box. The field test was conducted for 17 hours at the Class 1 Navigation Office Port in Tanjungpinang, and the Ubidots platform was used to monitor the data. The device accurately measured sea level with an RMSE of 0.69 cm and an accuracy rate of 99.47%, according to the results. However, the field test also revealed problems with data transmission, with 18.81% of the data not being transmitted to the server. This low data transmission rate may have been caused by low RSSI levels and signal quality issues with the operator. To understand the causes of these data losses and improve the device's overall performance, additional research is required. This study demonstrated the viability of utilizing an Internet of Things-based sea level monitoring device to precisely measure sea level and transmit data in real time. It provides valuable information for the improvement and further development of sea level monitoring systems.
The Role of Subslab Low‐Velocity Anomalies Beneath the Nazca Ridge and Iquique Ridge on the Nazca Plate and Their Possible Contribution to the Subduction Angle

Subducting the buoyant crustal material of an aseismic oceanic ridge has been regarded as a dominant contributor to flat slab subduction. However, normal‐dip subduction is also observed in some cases where ridges are subducting. In this study, we compare the subduction of two ridges on the Nazca Plate: Nazca Ridge (flat slab) and Iquique Ridge (normal‐dip slab). Anisotropy determined by shear wave splitting observation suggests that the low‐velocity anomalies found beneath the ridges are mapping anisotropic structure into isotropic velocities. After a tomographic inversion incorporating anisotropy models for both ridges, we find that the low‐velocity anomalies found beneath the Nazca Ridge are not anisotropic and therefore likely represent warm mantle, and those beneath the Iquique Ridge are caused by anisotropy. We conclude that subslab mantle buoyancy has a larger impact on the subduction angle than the crustal material of the ridge.
Changes in the Liver Transplant Waiting List after Expanding to the ‘Up-to-Seven’ Criteria for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

We aimed to assess changes in the composition of the waiting list for liver transplantation (LT) after expanding from Milan to “up-to-seven” criteria in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A consecutive cohort of 255 LT candidates was stratified in a pre-expansion era (2016–2018; n = 149) and a post-expansion era (2019–2021; n = 106). The most frequent indication for LT was HCC in both groups (47.7% vs. 43.4%; p = 0.5). The proportion of patients exceeding the Milan criteria in the explanted liver was nearly doubled after expansion (12.5% vs. 21.1%; p = 0.25). Expanding criteria had no effect in drop-out (12.3% vs. 20.4%; p = 0.23) or microvascular invasion rates (37.8% vs. 38.7%; p = 0.93). The length on the waiting list did not increase after the expansion (172 days [IQR 74–282] vs. 118 days [IQR 67–251]; p = 0.135) and was even shortened in the post-expansion HCC subcohort (181 days [IQR 125–232] vs. 116 days [IQR 74–224]; p = 0.04). Tumor recurrence rates were reduced in the post-expansion cohort (15.4% vs. 0%; p = 0.012). In conclusion, expanding from Milan to up-to-seven criteria for LT in patients with HCC had no meaningful impact on the waiting list length and composition, thus offering the opportunity for the adoption of more liberal policies in the future.
Design and Simulation Optimization of an Ultra-Low Specific On-Resistance LDMOS Device

The design of LDMOS (Lateral double diffused metal oxide semiconductor) devices with CFP (Contact field plate) has been of great significance in recent years, according to its advantages of low resistance and high switch efficiency. In this paper, this ultra-low <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{\mathrm{ on,sp}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (Specific on-resistance) LDMOS device is simulated, designed, and fabricated. The effects on FOM (Figures-of-merits) characters from physical dimensions, including field plate length <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, field plate thickness <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${H}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and slot contact width <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, have been analyzed and discussed. The best device structure is proposed through simulation, and a related fabrication process is introduced correspondingly. Finally, the electrical measurement results show that <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{\mathrm{ on,sp}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> can achieve as low as 6.9m<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega \cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula>mm2 when the source-drain <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${BV}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>(Breakdown voltage) arrives at 34.1V, which is improved by 47.1% compared with conventional devices. Furthermore, the TLP (Transmission line pulse) test results indicate that the device owns an ideal SOA (Safe operation area) from both typical devices (W <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$=\,\,10~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and very large devices (W = 2mm).
Social Desirability Bias among Prejudice Instruments An Integrated Threat

A considerable amount of research has examined the extent to which members of dominant cultures perceive minority groups as threatening their way of life. While various instruments measure these perceptions of threat, few researchers have empirically analysed the statistical properties of these scales. Specifically, studies have not adequately explored social desirability of threat scales. The current study investigates the extent to which one set of threat scales is internally consistent or reliable (González et al., 2008), and explores social desirability within the González et al. (2008) integrated threat instruments by comparing self-reports to other reports (intimate other and friend reports). Results indicate the instruments are internally consistent and that self-reports and other reports of threat do not differ on most indices of threat.
A Study on the Influence of Linguistic Distance on China's Outward Foreign Direct Investment

This paper will introduce linguistic distance as a key variable and select the top 20 countries in China's Outward Foreign Direct Investment stock from 2012 to 2021 as samples to build a fixed effect model to explore the relationship between linguistic distance and China's OFDI stock. The conclusion shows that linguistic distance has a significant negative relationship with China's OFDI stock. this paper also puts forward some targeted suggestions at the national level and the enterprise level.
The production of upstream space (area) of river as tourism site in economic recovery post-COVID-19

This study seeks to explore and analyze the production of the upstream area of the river on the western Anjasmoro flank as a tourism site in economic recovery post-COVID-19. The focus of this research is on the spatial practice, representations of space, and representational spaces carried by the migrants on the flanks of Mount Anjasmoro. The informants were determined using the snowball technique with a subject of seven informants consisting of three key informants and four supporting informants. The results showed that the spatial practice was observed from the method by which migrants obtained the place they desired, and the local society survived as a form of their existence during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, the representation of the upstream river area has undergone a complex transformation. The land that was originally used as productive land has turned into built-up land, creating a gap between local society and migrants that triggers spatial conflicts. Third, the representational space of an agropolitan area into a tourist destination is created and advertised worldwide to accelerate its marketing and consumption. In the end, the production of upstream river areas carried out by migrants presents a positive impact on the economy of local society, as it increases their economy.
How Demographics and General Economic Mood Affect Investor Risk Tolerance?

Investment decisions made ​​by investors are strongly influenced by their risk tolerance. Individual risk tolerance will influence their asset allocation decision. This paper used primary data to examine the factors influencing investor risk tolerance. Two factors considered in this study are demographics and general economic mood. Demographic characteristics include gender, occupation, age, marital status, income, and education. General economic mood is people's perceptions about the prospects for a country's economy at present and in the future. Using convenience sampling, we distributed questionnaires to investors in the Indonesia Stock Exchange and senior students. The total number of data used in this research is 200 respondents. This research found that the general economic mood, gender, and occupation positively impact investor risk tolerance. In contrast, our research found the negative impact of education and average monthly income on investors' risk tolerance. Further, age and marital status do not affect the investor's risk tolerance. This finding is important for financial planners to advise on personal investment decisions.
Compressional wave attenuation in oceanic basalts

To understand better the seismic attenuation in the upper volcanic regions of the oceanic crust, compressional wave attenuations of oceanic basalts have been measured as a function of confining pressure using an ultrasonic pulse-echo spectral ratio technique capable of measuring attenuations to pressures of 500 MPa. Seven basalts, five from Deep Sea Drilling Project cores and two from dredge samples, have wide ranges of densities, porosities, and alterations, making possible an analysis of the parameters influencing basalt attenuation. Attenuation increases with the volume of secondary minerals present and with increasing porosity. Thus vesicularity and compositional changes associated with basalt alteration will produce variations in attenuation. With the application of hydrostatic pressure, cracks close, thereby reducing attenuations. This pressure dependence should be manifested in oceanic layer 2 by decreasing attenuation with depth. An inverse relationship between velocity and attenuation is observed at high hydrostatic pressures. Water saturation increases attenuation at pressures below 200 MPa and enhances the sensitivity of attenuation to pressure, thus making the state of saturation important in the 40 to 100 MPa range generally found in layer 2. These results provide a framework for interpreting marine attenuation data.
Heparin versus normal saline for the care of peripheral intravenous catheters in children: A meta‐analysis

Abstract Aim To conduct a meta‐analysis to evaluate the role of heparin versus normal saline lock in the care of peripheral intravenous catheters. Design A meta‐analysis. Methods This meta‐analysis searched nine databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on heparin versus normal saline for the care of peripheral intravenous catheters in children up to April 5, 2023. The quality of included RCTs was evaluated using the risk of bias tool of Cochrane library. RevMan5.3 software was used for data analysis. Results Ten RCTs with a total of 1255 children were involved. Meta‐analysis indicated that heparin lock reduced the incidence of blockage of peripheral intravenous catheter [OR = 2.01, 95% CI (1.42,2.84), p < 0.001], prolonged the duration of peripheral intravenous catheter indwelling[MD = ‐0.43, 95% CI (−0.75, −0.11), p = 0.008]. There were no statistical differences in the incidence of phlebitis [OR = 1.02, 95% CI (0.59, 1.74), p = 0.95 W]. Public contribution Heparin may have more benefits in the nursing care of peripheral intravenous catheters compared with normal saline.
Ordovician A-type plutons in the Antigonish Highlands, Nova Scotia1This article is one of a series of papers published in CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.

Previously unrecognized A-type granitoid and gabbroic rocks cover an area of ∼100 km 2 in the central Antigon- ish Highlands in Avalonian northern mainland Nova Scotia. The granitoid rocks in this suite occur, together with minor gab- bro, in separate mappable bodies named the Brora Lake, Haggarts Lake, West Barneys River, McGraths Mountain, and Leadbetter Road plutons and are the focus of this study. They are mainly alkali feldspar granite and quartz syenite with var- ied texture and modal mineralogy. Close spatial association, gradational contact relations, and magma-mingling relationships suggest that all of these rocks, including the gabbro, are coeval. Hence a U-Pb (zircon) age of 469.4 +/- 0.5 Ma obtained for a quartz syenite sample from the Brora Lake pluton is interpreted to indicate a Middle Ordovician age for all of these granitoid and gabbroic rocks. Most granitic and quartz syenitic samples have hypersolvus texture, characterized by strongly perthitic alkali feldspar, and some also contain interstitial granophyre, both features indicative of shallow emplacement. Mafic minerals include iron-rich calcic and calcic-sodic amphibole, hedenbergite, and in some samples fayalite. Most of the rocks have high concentrations of K, Na, P, Ti, and Fe and are alkalic, with agpaitic indices as high as 0.98. Discrimination diagrams indicate that they are A-type granitoid rocks formed in a within-plate extensional setting. Age correlatives of these A-type granitoid and gabbroic rocks are not yet known elsewhere in Avalonia. The available data suggest that this ca. 470 Ma magmatism occurred while Avalonia was a separate microcontinent in the Rheic Ocean. Resume : Des roches gabbroiques et granitoides de type A, auparavant non reconnues, recouvrent un secteur d'environ 100 km 2 dans les hautes terres centrales d'Antigonish dans la partie continentale septentrionale de l'Avalonie en Nouvelle-
Understanding Public Preferences for Molluscan Shellfish Aquaculture: The Role of Production Technology and Environmental Impacts

Molluscan aquaculture is often promoted as an alternative to wild shellfisheries, yet expansion of growing areas is sometimes opposed by groups concerned with aesthetics and use conflicts. Amidst these conflicts, public preferences remain unquantified in rigorous terms. This article presents a discrete choice experiment that elicits preferences for large-scale molluscan aquaculture with different production technologies and impacts. Results for a Connecticut (US) case study show that willingness to pay (WTP) is heterogeneous, with the largest effects on preferences due to localized water clarity impacts and employment gains. Preferences vary over alternative locations for growing areas but are positive on average, suggesting widespread public support. Results suggest that policies aiming to optimize WTP for molluscan aquaculture expansion should allow aquaculture attributes to vary over locations, consistent with public preferences.
A new method to calculate end‐member thermodynamic properties of minerals from their constituent polyhedra II: heat capacity, compressibility and thermal expansion

Thermodynamic calculations in petrology are generally performed at pressures and temperatures beyond the standard state conditions. Accurate prediction of mineral equilibria therefore requires knowledge of the heat capacity, thermal expansion and compressibility for the minerals involved. Unfortunately, such data are not always available. In this contribution we present a data set to estimate the heat capacity, thermal expansion and compressibility of mineral end‐members from their constituent polyhedra, based on the premise that the thermodynamic properties of minerals can be described by a linear combination of the fractional properties of their constituents. As such, only the crystallography of the phase of interest needs to be known. This approach is especially powerful for hypothetical mineral end‐members and for minerals, for which the experimental determination of their thermodynamic properties is difficult. The data set consists of the properties for 35 polyhedra in the system K–Na–Ca–Li–Be–Mg–Mn–Fe–Co–Ni–Zn–Al–Ti–Si–H, determined by multiple linear regression analysis on a data set of 111 published end‐member thermodynamic properties. The large number of polyhedra determined allows calculation of a much larger variety of phases than was previously possible, and the choice of constituents together with the large number of thermodynamic input data results in estimates with associated uncertainty of generally <5%. The quality of the data appears to be sufficiently accurate for thermodynamic modelling as demonstrated by modelling the stability of margarite in the CASH system and the position of the talc–staurolite–chloritoid–pyrope absent invariant point in the KMASH system. In both cases, our results overlap within error with published equivalents.
Toward accurate Amazigh part-of-speech tagging

Part-of-speech (POS) tagging is the process of assigning to each word in a text its corresponding grammatical information POS. It is an important pre-processing step in other natural language processing (NLP) tasks, so the objective of finding the most accurate one. The previous approaches were based on traditional machine learning algorithms, later with the development of deep learning, more POS taggers were adopted. If the accuracy of POS tagging reaches 97%, even with the traditional machine learning, for high resourced language like English, French, it’s far the case in low resource language like Amazigh. The most used approaches are traditional machine learning, and the results are far from those for rich language. In this paper, we present a new POS tagger based on bidirectional long short-term memory for Amazigh language and the experiments that have been done on real dataset shows that it outperforms the existing machine learning methods.