Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MFGCN: A Multimodal Fusion Graph Convolutional Network for Online Car-Hailing Demand Prediction

The rapid growth of online car hailing provides an excellent opportunity to provide convenient travel services. However, with the tremendous increase of users and online taxis, online car-hailing prediction systems face several challenges: 1) the difficulty of modeling nonlinear spatiotemporal interactions between users and vehicles, 2) the difficulty of incorporating context information and multimodal attribute enhancement data, and 3) the problems of data sparsity. To cope with these challenges, we propose a novel multimodal fusion graph convolutional network (MFGCN) for online car-hailing prediction. The model consists of a multimodal origin destination graph convolutional network module that contains three graph convolutional networks to extract spatial patterns from geography, semantics, and functional correlation; a multimodal attribute enhancement module that incorporates weather and temporal activity patterns; and a temporal attention skip-long short-term memory module that captures the periodic variations. Extensive experiments conducted on real-world taxi demand datasets show that MFGCN outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
Apolipoprotein A1 and serum amyloid A in dogs with sepsis and septic shock

Introduction Apolipoprotein-A1 (Apo-A1) acts as a negative acute phase protein (APP) during inflammatory states, and has a potential prognostic value in people and dogs with sepsis. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the association of serum Apo-A1 concentration with disease severity, multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and outcome in a population of dogs with sepsis, and to assess its correlation with major canine APPs. Methods Ninety-nine dogs with uncomplicated sepsis (n = 78) or septic shock (n = 21) were included. The serum concentration of Apo-A1, C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) were recorded, alongside the canine acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation fast (APPLEfast) score and the presence of MODS. Results Dogs with septic shock had significantly lower serum Apo-A1 concentrations (106.3 ± 22.7 mg/dl; reference interval: 123.0–142.3 mg/dl), higher APPLEfast score (30, 13–38) and greater frequency of MODS (67%) compared to those with uncomplicated sepsis (117.9 ± 19.3 mg/dl; 25, 6–33 and 8%, respectively) (P = 0.0201; P = 0.0005; P < 0.0001, respectively). Similarly, dogs with MODS had significantly lower serum Apo-A1 concentrations (104.1 ± 4.6 mg/dl) and higher APPLEfast score values (31, 13–38) compared to those without MODS (118.32 ± 2.1 mg/dl and 26, 6–33, respectively) (P = 0.0050 and P = 0.0038, respectively). Conversely, neither CRP nor SAA were different between these groups. No difference in serum APPs concentrations was detected between survivors and non-survivors. Significant negative correlations were detected between serum Apo-A1 and SAA (P = 0.0056, r = −0.277), and between serum Apo-A1 and the APPLEfast score (P = 0.0027, r = −0.3). In this population, higher values of the APPLEfast score and the presence of MODS were independently associated with a higher risk of death. Discussion Our study shows that Apo-A1 is a useful biomarker of sepsis severity in dogs, since it is decreased in those with septic shock and MODS. Further prospective investigations are deemed to evaluate the applicability of Apo-A1 to predict sepsis course and response to treatment in septic dogs.
Retrieval of Separated Intracanal Endodontic Instruments: A Series of Four Case Reports

The separation of an endodontic instrument during a root canal procedure is one of the most common endodontic mishaps. Separation of endodontic instruments may block access to the apical portion of the root and hamper the disinfection process. It obstructs the appropriate debridement of the canal apical to the fragment, jeopardizing the treatment's outcome. However, due to the advancements in the methods and armamentarium, the effective retrieval of a separated instrument (SI) from the root canal has become possible. This paper includes a case series of management of separated instruments whereby SI was successfully removed in four cases. The instruments were separated intracanal at various levels in the middle and apical third of maxillary and mandibular molar teeth. The level of separation was located, staging performed, and SI was removed using an ultrasonic device under magnification. Removal of the SI was followed by obturation till the entire working length and subsequent post-endodontic restoration. Patient satisfaction with treatment outcomes in all cases was good. Case evaluation, good armamentarium, adequate knowledge along with good clinical skills and experience aid in the successful retrieval of separated instruments. Removal of the instrument without further damage to radicular dentin is important to maintain the integrity of the tooth.
Transcriptome analysis of the biofilm formation mechanism of Vibrio parahaemolyticus under the sub-inhibitory concentrations of copper and carbenicillin

Biofilm formation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus enhanced its tolerance to the environment, but caused many serious problems to food safety and human health. In this paper, the effects of copper and carbenicillin (CARB) stress on the formation of the biofilms of V. parahaemolyticus organisms were studied, and RNA sequencing technology was used to compare the differences in transcriptome profiles of the biofilm-related genes of V. parahaemolyticus organisms under different sub-inhibitory stresses. The results proved that V. parahaemolyticus had a large growth difference under the two stresses, copper and CARB at 1/2 minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), and it could form a stable biofilm under both stress conditions. The amount of biofilm formed under CARB stress was significantly higher than that of copper stress (p < 0.05). Based on the analysis of transcriptome sequencing results 323, 1,550, and 1,296 significantly differential expressed genes were identified in the three treatment groups namely 1/2 MIC CARB, Cu2+, and Cu2++CARB. Through COG annotation, KEGG metabolic pathway analysis and gene expression analysis related to biofilm formation, the functional pathways of transcriptome changes affecting V. parahaemolyticus were different in the three treatment groups, and the CARB treatment group was significantly different from the other two groups. These differences indicated that the ABC transport system, two-component system and quorum sensing were all involved in the biofilm formation of the V. parahaemolytic by regulating flagellar motility, extracellular polysaccharides and extracellular polymer synthesis. Exploring the effects of different stress conditions on the transcriptome of V. parahaemolyticus could provide a basis for future research on the complex network system that regulates the formation of bacterial biofilms.
Tumor Spheroids as Model to Design Acoustically Mediated Drug Therapies: A Review

Tumor spheroids as well as multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) are promising 3D in vitro tumor models for drug screening, drug design, drug targeting, drug toxicity, and validation of drug delivery methods. These models partly reflect the tridimensional architecture of tumors, their heterogeneity and their microenvironment, which can alter the intratumoral biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of drugs. The present review first focuses on current spheroid formation methods and then on in vitro investigations exploiting spheroids and MCTS for designing and validating acoustically mediated drug therapies. We discuss the limitations of the current studies and future perspectives. Various spheroid formation methods enable the easy and reproducible generation of spheroids and MCTSs. The development and assessment of acoustically mediated drug therapies have been mainly demonstrated in spheroids made up of tumor cells only. Despite the promising results obtained with these spheroids, the successful evaluation of these therapies will need to be addressed in more relevant 3D vascular MCTS models using MCTS-on-chip platforms. These MTCSs will be generated from patient-derived cancer cells and nontumor cells, such as fibroblasts, adipocytes, and immune cells.
Investigation of the shift of Raman modes of graphene flakes

In the present work, we use Raman spectroscopy as sensitive tool for the characterization of graphene samples. We observed diverse shifts in the position of the Raman mode close to 2650 cm–1 in various as‐prepared graphene flakes. In order to elucidate the reason for this variation, we checked different substrates (Si/SiO2 and Si/Al2O3) and the effect of the annealing of graphene in argon. We find that most of as‐prepared graphene flakes were non‐intentional doped by holes, i.e. by physisorbed water and/or oxygen. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Model Equation for Optical Tunnelling

A problem in perturbation theory of differential equations is described which leads to some interesting technical difficulties in asymptotics. The leading behaviour of the imaginary part of the perturbed eigenvalues is obtained in the difficult case when this is of a much smaller order of magnitude than the real part. Although relatively small, the imaginary part is of importance in estimating radiation losses in bent optical fibre waveguides, where it represents the rate at which energy leaks out of the core
Ultra-high speed video capturing of time dependent dielectric breakdown of metal-oxide-silicon capacitor up to 10M frame per second

In this paper, the ultra-high speed (UHS) video capturing results of time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) of MOS capacitors using the UHS camera with the maximum frame rate of 10M frame per second (fps) are reported. In order to capture the breakdown, we set a trigger circuit which detects the rapid current increase through the MOS capacitor. Some movies have succeeded to capture the intermittent light emissions on some points of the gate during the breakdown. From the movies taken at 100K to 1M fps, the distribution centers of the light emission time and the period were 10 sec and 30 μsec, respectively. From the movies taken at 10M fps, the light emission time and the period were less than 10 μsec. The random failure mode has higher percentage of single light emissions than that of the wear-out failure mode, indicating a correlation between of the light emission mode and the TDDB failure mode.
Topological signature of first-order phase transitions in a mean-field model

We study a mean-field Hamiltonian system whose potential energy V({qi}i = 1.N) is expressed as a sum of k-body interactions and we show that in the thermodynamic limit the presence and the energy position of first-order phase transitions can be inferred by the study of the topology of configuration space induced by V, without resorting to any statistical measure. The thermodynamics of our model is analytically solvable and—depending on the value of k—displays no transition (k = 1), second-order (k = 2) or first-order (k > 2) phase transition. This rich behaviour is quantitatively retrieved by the investigation of one of the topological invariants (the Euler characteristic χ(v)) of the subsets Mv defined by Mv = {(q1,.,qN)V({qi})/N ≤ v}.
Experimental studies of stability and beta limit in JET

The paper presents results on the use of resonant field amplification for experimental probing of stability and β-limits (β is the ratio of the plasma pressure to the magnetic field pressure) in JET. It is found that an externally applied helical magnetic field is strongly enhanced when the plasma exceeds the ideal no-wall stability limit or approaches proximity to other marginally stable (i.e. current-driven) modes. This effect is known as the resonant field amplification (RFA) and was used for the systematic probing of stability in different advanced regimes on JET. The application of this technique on JET is discussed in the paper and the results of the RFA measurements are presented and related to the observed limitations in β.
Climate and climate impact scenarios for Europe in a warmer world

Abstract Scenarios for Europe in a warmer world, such as may result from increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, have been constructed using the early 20th century warming as an analogue. Mean temperature, Precipitation and pressure patterns for the period 1934–53 were compared with those for 1901–20. These are the warmest and cooler twenty-year periods this century based on Northern Hemisphere annual mean surface air temperature data, differing by 0.4°C. The climate scenarios show marked subregional scale differences from season to season, and individual season scenarios often show little similarity to the annual scenario. Temperature scenarios show warming for the annual mean and for spring, summer and autumn. The largest positive changes are found in higher latitudes. Winters over a large part of Europe are actually cooler and show greater interannual variability during the warmer period. These changes appear to be associated with a greater frequency of blocking activity. Precipitation changes occ.
Astrobiology in Space: A Comprehensive Look at the Solar System

The field of astrobiology aims to understand the origin of life on Earth and searches for evidence of life beyond our planet. Although there is agreement on some of the requirements for life on Earth, the exact process by which life emerged from prebiotic conditions is still uncertain, leading to various theories. In order to expand our knowledge of life and our place in the universe, scientists look for signs of life through the use of biosignatures, observations that suggest the presence of past or present life. These biosignatures often require up-close investigation by orbiters and landers, which have been employed in various space missions. Mars, because of its proximity and Earth-like environment, has received the most attention and has been explored using (sub)surface sampling and analysis. Despite its inhospitable surface conditions, Venus has also been the subject of space missions due to the presence of potentially habitable conditions in its atmosphere. In addition, the discovery of habitable environments on icy moons has sparked interest in further study. This article provides an overview of the origin of life on Earth and the astrobiology studies carried out by orbiters and landers.
Multichannel ECG Filtering: Source Consistency Filtering, Eigenfiltering and Traditional Methods

Noise reduction is a fundamental aspect of stress electrocardiogram <tex>$(ECG)$</tex> recording. In this setting, muscular noise represents the main antagonist to signal quality. A possible solution to muscle noise in stress <tex>$ECG$</tex> is to exploit the information redundancy in 12 - lead recordings to reduce noise while preserving the <tex>$ECG$</tex> signal. Source Consistency Filtering <tex>$(SCF)$</tex> is a spatial redundancy filter that follows this principle. In this paper, we compare the muscle noise rejection performance of conventional <tex>$25Hz$</tex> and <tex>$40Hz$</tex> low-pass filters (LPFs), the SC <tex>$F$</tex> ‘ and a method based on singular value decomposition <tex>$(SVD)$</tex> which exploits both the spatial and temporal correlation in the <tex>$ECG$</tex> signal. Our results indicate that the <tex>$SCF$</tex> can afford a <tex>$QRS$</tex> complex distortion lower than that of a 40 <tex>$Hz$</tex> lowpass filter while still maintaining a high noise rejection. The <tex>$QRS$</tex> detection accuracy on the filtered <tex>$ECG$</tex> was comparable for all methods except for the <tex>$SVD$</tex> filter, which allowed a superior detection performance score in all the records.
Generating functions for the coupling-recoupling coefficients of SU(2)

A general formula for the generating function of an arbitrary coupling-recoupling coefficient of SU(2) is derived via the Bargmann formalism and graphical calculations. The result is expressed in terms of sums over two finite sets only of subgraphs of the Jucys graph of the coefficient. A new explicit expression for the coefficient is obtained.
Heart failure and depression: A perspective from bibliometric analysis

Background Depression commonly occurs in heart failure patients, and negatively influences quality of life and disease prognosis. This study explored heart failure and depression-related research from a bibliometric perspective. Methods Relevant publications were searched on June 24, 2022. The Bibliometrix package in R was used to conduct quantitative analyses including the trends in publications, and related countries, articles, authors and keywords. VOSviewer software was used to conduct the visualization map on co-word, co-author, and institution co-authorship analyses. CiteSpace software was used to illustrate the top keywords with citation burst. Results A total of 8,221 publications in the heart failure and depression-related research field were published between 1983 and 2022. In this field, the United States had the most publications (N = 3,013; 36.65%) and highest total citation (N = 149, 376), followed by China, Germany, Italy and Japan. Author Moser and Duke University were the most productive author and institution, respectively. Circulation is the most influential journal. Apart from “heart failure” and “depression,” “quality of life,” “mortality” and “myocardial infarction” were the most frequently used keywords in this research area; whereas more recently, “self care” and “anxiety” have been used more frequently. Conclusion This bibliometric analysis showed a rapid growth of research related to heart failure and depression from 1989 to 2021, which was mostly led by North America and Europe. Future directions in this research area include issues concerning self-care and anxiety about heart failure. As most of the existing literature were published in English, publications in other languages should be examined in the future.
Optimally Localized Approximate Identities on the 2-Sphere

We introduce a method to construct approximate identities on the 2-sphere that have an optimal localization. This approach can be used to accelerate the calculations of approximations on the 2-sphere essentially with a comparably small increase of the error. The localization measure in the optimization problem includes a weight function that can be chosen under some constraints. For each choice of weight function, existence and uniqueness of the optimal kernel are proved as well as the generation of an approximate identity in the bandlimited case. Moreover, the optimally localizing approximate identity for a certain weight function is calculated and numerically tested.
Multi-View Registration Based on Triangle Constraint and Global Optimization

The measurement technology of 3D scanning in automation level is low, its measurement process is not stable, and the measurement error is large. After the principle of binocular structured light measurement was analyzed, match the marked point to multi-view registration based on the relative distance of any two marked point in space is unchanged. A multi-view registration is proposed using triangle constraint and global optimization. The method includes: remove the false matching points in possible matching points by joining triple constraint; after the first registration, use the center of marking points to global optimization through least squares principle method. The realization of the algorithm by use of tools such as VC++ and Open CV demonstrates that this method has the advantage of better restraining the accumulative error, keeping the process stable, and fast and realizing automatic registration.
Modified Variable Kernel Length ResNets for Heart Murmur Detection and Clinical Outcome Prediction Using Phonocardiogram Recordings

In this work, we describe an end-to-end deep learning architecture for Heart Murmur Detection from Phonocar-diogram(PCG) recordings as part of The George B. Moody PhysioNet Challenge 2022. Our team, “Team_IITH” received a weighted accuracy score of 0.708 (ranked 19th out of 40 teams) and Challenge cost of 13264 (ranked 22nd out of 39 teams) on the official hidden test set. In our approach, the PCG recordings are first down-sampled to 1000 Hz before being passed through a Butterworth's low and high pass filter to remove baseline wanders and high-frequency noise present in the recordings. The PCG recordings are then broken down into 10-second segments and normalized to bring all trainable samples to the same size. To extract embeddings more efficiently, we built a custom 1-dimensional Residual Network (ResNet) where the 10-second inputs are passed through variable-sized kernel ResNets in parallel, before being concatenated and passed through the next ResNet layer to account for different length dependencies across the PCG signal. The output of this custom ResNet is then fed to a 2-layer feed-forward network for final classification. Cross-Entropy Loss with class weights was employed to account for class imbalance. Our approach obtained a 5-fold Cross-Validation weighted accuracy score of 0.71 and challenge cost score of 12067 on the training set.
Aufstellung von Fließbedingungen für Schnittgrößen von Flächentragwerken

Es wird eine Methode zur Bestimmung der Fliesbedingung im Raum der Schnittgrosen angegeben, die nur von dem Prinzip von Feinberg Gebrauch macht und somit ohne Verformungsbetrachtungen auskommt. Anhand einiger Beispiele wird auserdem gezeigt, wie die erhaltenen Ergebnisse naherungsweise umgeformt werden mussen, damit sie bei der numerischen Integration der Gleichgewichtsbedingungen angewandt werden konnen. A method presented for determining the flow condition in section quantities space, based solely on Feinberg's principle and hence not involving any considerations about deformation. With the help of examples it is shown how the results obtained may be approximately transformed so as to capable of use for the numerical integration of the equilibrium conditions.
Superfluid and insulating phases in an interacting-boson model: mean-field theory and the RPA

The bosonic Hubbard model is studied via a simple mean-field theory. At zero temperature, in addition to yielding a phase diagram that is qualitatively correct, namely a superfluid phase for non-integer fillings and a Mott transition from a superfluid to an insulating phase for integer fillings, this theory gives results that are in good agreement with Monte Carlo simulations. In particular, the superfluid fraction obtained as a function of the interaction strength U for both integer and non-integer fillings is close to the simulation results. In all phases the excitation spectra are obtained by using the random phase approximation (RPA): the spectrum has a gap in the insulating phase and is gapless (and linear at small wave vectors) in the superfluid phase. Analytic results are presented in the limits of large U and small superfluid density. Finite-temperature phase diagrams and the Mott-insulator-normal-phase crossover are also described.