Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functions of the Duplicated hik31 Operons in Central Metabolism and Responses to Light, Dark, and Carbon Sources in Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803

ABSTRACT There are two closely related hik31 operons involved in signal transduction on the chromosome and the pSYSX plasmid in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. We studied the growth, cell morphology, and gene expression in operon and hik mutants for both copies, under different growth conditions, to examine whether the duplicated copies have the same or different functions and gene targets and whether they are similarly regulated. Phenotype analysis suggested that both operons regulated common and separate targets in the light and the dark. The chromosomal operon was involved in the negative control of autotrophic events, whereas the plasmid operon was involved in the positive control of heterotrophic events. Both the plasmid and double operon mutant cells were larger and had division defects. The growth data also showed a regulatory role for the chromosomal hik gene under high-CO2 conditions and the plasmid operon under low-O2 conditions. Metal stress experiments indicated a role for the chromosomal hik gene and operon in mediating Zn and Cd tolerance, the plasmid operon in Co tolerance, and the chromosomal operon and plasmid hik gene in Ni tolerance. We conclude that both operons are differentially and temporally regulated. We suggest that the chromosomal operon is the primarily expressed copy and the plasmid operon acts as a backup to maintain appropriate gene dosages. Both operons share an integrated regulatory relationship and are induced in high light, in glucose, and in active cell growth. Additionally, the plasmid operon is induced in the dark with or without glucose.
Economic sport demand determinants

In this paper, the economic and non-economic sport demand determinants are shortly presented in chapter 2 and 3. According to the chosen survey methodology, the economic sport demand determinants of the study are discussed one by one in chapter 4. Chapter 4 also tries to explore the interdependencies with the main dependent variable the sport budget and to settle possible questions each independent variable can answer. In chapter 5 we find the conclusion in form of a research model. In this model all the main variables are put in direct correlation with each other. The paper is meant to be a background document to prepare sport economic field research regarding the success of my PhD thesis “The Sport Consumption in Portugal – The Economic Demand of Sport Merchandise and Sport Services” at the German Sports University Cologne, which is at the same time a research project of the Economic Policies Research Unit of the Minho University in Portugal.
Moderating Impact of Internal communication on the relationship between Job stress and Intention to Leave: An emperical study on front office public sectors

The purpose of this study was to determine the moderating impact of internal communication on the relationship between work stress and employee intention to leave the company. The framework proposed in this study was to study the impact of occupational stress factors on employee intentions to leave work, especially for front-line employees at several public sector companies. Data were collected from 125 front office employees. Data on internal communications, and how they affect the relationship between work stress and their intentions of leaving the job, are collected using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were reported, followed by factor analysis, reliability analysis, Pearson correlation and hypothesis testing using hierarchical multiple regression. These findings can be used by companies or company management to take the necessary approaches to reduce high turnover rates in their companies.
An Efficient Critical Race-Free State Assignment Technique for Asynchronous Finite State Machines

This paper proposes an efficient critical race-free state assignment technique for Asynchronous Finite State Machines. Instead of using the Huffman model, it operates indirectly on the State Graph (SG) model, in which all signals are treated uniformedly and hazards can be characterized as a violation of the complete state coding (CSC) property. The proposed state assignment technique first detects CSC violations and then eliminates them using a modified greedy graph coloring heuristic.
A discrete model of the DC charge-up phase in RFID rectifiers

This paper presents a discrete model of the DC charge-up phase in a single MOS diode rectifier for an inductively coupled RFID system. The model was derived for a rectifier driven by a coil antenna and with a storage capacitor connected to the output. A comparison between the model and a simulation of a rectifier implemented in a 0.35 μm CMOS process demonstrated fast and accurate modeling of the charge up-phase for both LF and HF RFID applications. The model was used to determine the relationship between the voltage induced in the coil antenna and the available chip current based on a specification for the durations of the charge-up and the data-communication phases in a typical LF RFID application.
On a Nonlinear Nonlocal Cauchy Problem

We prove the existence of integral solutions to a nonlinear time-dependent functional differenti al equation with a nonlocal initial condition. The app roach relies on the theory of m-accretive operators and compactness methods. Index Terms-Compact evolution operator, evolution equation, m-accretive operator, nonlocal Cauchy pro blem.
CD4+ and viral load outcomes of antiretroviral therapy switch strategies after virologic failure of combination antiretroviral therapy in perinatally HIV-infected youth in the United States

Objective:This study compared 12-month CD4+ and viral load outcomes in HIV-infected children and adolescents with virological failure, managed with four treatment switch strategies. Design:This observational study included perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV) children in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS) and Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials (PACTG) Protocol 219C. Methods:Treatment strategies among children with virologic failure were compared: continue failing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART); switch to new cART; switch to drug-sparing regimen; and discontinue all ART. Mean changes in CD4+% and viral load from baseline (time of virologic failure) to 12 months follow-up in each group were evaluated using weighted linear regression models. Results:Virologic failure occurred in 939 out of 2373 (40%) children. At 12 months, children switching to new cART (16%) had a nonsignificant increase in CD4+% from baseline, 0.59 percentage points [95% confidence interval (95% CI) −1.01 to 2.19], not different than those who continued failing cART (71%) (−0.64 percentage points, P = 0.15) or switched to a drug-sparing regimen (5%) (1.40 percentage points, P = 0.64). Children discontinuing all ART (7%) experienced significant CD4+% decline −3.18 percentage points (95% CI −5.25 to −1.11) compared with those initiating new cART (P = 0.04). All treatment strategies except discontinuing ART yielded significant mean decreases in log10VL by 12 months, the new cART group having the largest drop (−1.15 log10VL). Conclusion:In PHIV children with virologic failure, switching to new cART was associated with the best virological response, while stopping all ART resulted in the worst immunologic and virologic outcomes and should be avoided. Drug-sparing regimens and continuing failing regimens may be considered with careful monitoring.
Object detection by joint features based on two-stage boosting

In this paper, we propose an object detection method that uses Joint features combined from multiple Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) feature using two-stage boosting. There has been much research in recent years on statistical training methods and object detection methods that combine low-level features obtained from local areas. In our approach, multiple low-level HOG features are combined by using Real AdaBoost to automatically generate Joint features. Joint features represent the co-occurrence of the HOG features of multiple cells combined by the first-stage Real AdaBoost. Next, the generated Joint features pool is input to the second-stage Real AdaBoost, which constructs the final classifier. In this way, it is possible to capture shape symmetry and edge continuity, which single HOG features cannot do, so highly accurate detection is possible. In this paper we report experiments involving the detection of humans and vehicles performed to test the effectiveness of the proposed method. In addition, two-stage boosting classifier is used to represent the co-occurrence of the appearance(HOG) and spatiotemporal(PSA) features for detecting pedestrian. The use of feature co-occurrence, which captures the similarity of appearance, motion, and spatial information within the human class, makes it an effective detector.
Management for Multi-Perspective issues of Ontologies

This paper discusses semantic technologies for multi-perspective issues of ontologies based on ontological viewpoint management. We developed two technologies and implement them in environmental and medical domain. The first one is conceptual map generation tool which allows the users to explore an ontology according to their own perspectives and visualizes them in a user-friendly form, i.e. conceptual map. The other is ondemand reorganization of is-a hierarchy from an ontology. They contribute to integrated understanding of ontologies and a solution of multi-perspective issues of ontologies.
Trajectory tracking control of a 2-degree-of-freedom gantry crane robot with dynamic friction compensation

In order to achieve the accurate trajectory tracking of 2 degree-of-freedom gantry crane robot, the resolved acceleration control scheme based on dynamic friction compensation is used, with Dahl friction model in dynamic modeling. The resolved acceleration controller based on the so-called inverse dynamics technique is an algorithm to solve the pose control of manipulators. Given the same desired trajectory equations, the simulation results have proven that the trajectory control scheme based on the resolved acceleration controller with Dahl-based friction compensation has more rapid response performance, compared with the control scheme with viscous friction compensation, and has the shorter response time and the smaller maximum tracking error value, compared with the control scheme based on differential flatness.
RTT-Based Random Walk Approach to Detect Stepping-Stone Intrusion

Detecting Stepping-stone intrusion, especially resisting in intruders evasion has been widely and deeply studied and explored since 1995. In this paper, we propose a method by counting matched TCP/IP packets to detect stepping-stone intrusion. Our study shows that this approach not only can detect stepping-stone intrusion with an improved performance, but also can resist in intruders' evasion, such as time-jittering, and chaff-perturbation. We model stepping-stone intrusion detection as a one dimensional random-walk process. Theoretical analysis shows that in order to obtain the same false positive rate, this approach needs less number of packets monitored than Blum's approach which is considered state-of-the-art method. The simulation results show that this approach can resist in intruders chaff-perturbation up to 50%.
Correction of Distortion in Flattened Representations of the Cortical Surface Allows Prediction of V1-V3 Functional Organization from Anatomy

Several domains of neuroscience offer map-like models that link location on the cortical surface to properties of sensory representation. Within cortical visual areas V1, V2, and V3, algebraic transformations can relate position in the visual field to the retinotopic representation on the flattened cortical sheet. A limit to the practical application of this structure-function model is that the cortex, while topologically a two-dimensional surface, is curved. Flattening of the curved surface to a plane unavoidably introduces local geometric distortions that are not accounted for in idealized models. Here, we show that this limitation is overcome by correcting the geometric distortion induced by cortical flattening. We use a mass-spring-damper simulation to create a registration between functional MRI retinotopic mapping data of visual areas V1, V2, and V3 and an algebraic model of retinotopy. This registration is then applied to the flattened cortical surface anatomy to create an anatomical template that is linked to the algebraic retinotopic model. This registered cortical template can be used to accurately predict the location and retinotopic organization of these early visual areas from cortical anatomy alone. Moreover, we show that prediction accuracy remains when extrapolating beyond the range of data used to inform the model, indicating that the registration reflects the retinotopic organization of visual cortex. We provide code for the mass-spring-damper technique, which has general utility for the registration of cortical structure and function beyond the visual cortex.
Efficient forward dynamics simulation and optimization of human body dynamics

The modeling of the time dependent, dynamic behavior of the human musculoskeletal system results in a large scale mechanical multibody system. This consists of submodels for the skeleton, wobbling masses, muscles and tendons as redundant actuators. Optimization models are required for the simulation of the muscle groups involved in a motion. In contrast to the inverse dynamics simulation the forward dynamics simulation enables to consider very general problem statements in principle. The paper presents a new approach to the forward dynamics simulation and optimization of human body dynamics which overcomes the enormous computational cost of current approaches for solving the resulting optimal control problems. The presented approach is based on a suitable modeling of the dynamics of the musculoskeletal system in combination with a tailored direct collocation method for optimal control. First numerical results for a human kick demonstrate an improvement in computational time of two orders of magnitude when compared to standard methods.
Value of Brands and Other Attributes: Hedonic Analysis of Retail Frozen Fish in the UK

In the frozen processed seafood market, through branding, product forms, and portion sizes, retailers target certain segments of the market, such as families with children, singles, or value-conscious consumers. To investigate how segmented the UK retail frozen seafood market is, this study utilizes a hedonic pricing model applied to scanner data to determine the relative value of attributes such as species, national and private brands, package size, and product and process forms. The results have implications for the seafood supply chain, as retailers influence what products processors produce. They also contribute to the highly diverse demand patterns facing fishermen and aquaculture producers.
The unfolded protein response has a protective role in yeast models of classic galactosemia

Classic galactosemia is a human autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the GALT gene (GAL7 in yeast), which encodes the enzyme galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase. Here we show that the unfolded protein response pathway is triggered by galactose in two yeast models of galactosemia: lithium-treated cells and the gal7Δ mutant. The synthesis of galactose-1-phosphate is essential to trigger the unfolded protein response under these conditions because the deletion of the galactokinase-encoding gene GAL1 completely abolishes unfolded protein response activation and galactose toxicity. Impairment of the unfolded protein response in both yeast models makes cells even more sensitive to galactose, unmasking its cytotoxic effect. These results indicate that endoplasmic reticulum stress is induced under galactosemic conditions and underscores the importance of the unfolded protein response pathway to cellular adaptation in these models of classic galactosemia.
THE EFFICIENCY OF PRICE DISCOVERY IN THE STOCK MARKET AND MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION

This study seeks to determine whether aggregate stock prices in Nigeria deviate from their underlying fundamental values. The Nigerian stock market was chosen because it possesses many characteristics common to most emerging stock exchanges of the world. It is hypothesized that the empirical evidence obtained in the United States, Britain and Japan could be explained within the context of microstructure theory. The results indicate that there are discrepancies between aggregate stock prices and their underlying fundamental values. Additional tests indicate that deviation between market and rational expectations prices is neither explainable by anticipated nor unanticipated changes in macrovariables. This content downloaded from 157.55. 39.46 on Sat, 11 Jun 2016 06:40:25 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor. org/terms
Declaring victory at half time

"Declaring victory at half-time" is a syndrome which afflicts the entire debate (and debates within the debate: see Appendix) over our current economic situation: optimists are of the opinion that the crisis is all over now, while pessimists think it's only just begun. On this front, as always, I regard history as the best indicator of who may be right, and I can't commend highly enough the site New from 1930, which from January 1 2009 began publishing summaries of the Wall Street Journal from January 1 1930. The last few entries include these pearls of wisdom from February 1931:
Corticostriatal dynamics encode the refinement of specific behavioral variability during skill learning

Learning to perform a complex motor task requires the optimization of specific behavioral features to cope with task constraints. We show that when mice learn a novel motor paradigm they differentially refine specific behavioral features. Animals trained to perform progressively faster sequences of lever presses to obtain reinforcement reduced variability in sequence frequency, but increased variability in an orthogonal feature (sequence duration). Trial-to-trial variability of the activity of motor cortex and striatal projection neurons was higher early in training and subsequently decreased with learning, without changes in average firing rate. As training progressed, variability in corticostriatal activity became progressively more correlated with behavioral variability, but specifically with variability in frequency. Corticostriatal plasticity was required for the reduction in frequency variability, but not for variability in sequence duration. These data suggest that during motor learning corticostriatal dynamics encode the refinement of specific behavioral features that change the probability of obtaining outcomes. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.09423. 001
Mining Best Closed Itemsets for Projection-antimonotonic Constraints in Polynomial Time

The exponential explosion of the set of patterns is one of the main challenges in pattern mining. This challenge is approached by introducing a constraint for pattern selection. One of the first constraints proposed in pattern mining is support (frequency) of a pattern in a dataset. Frequency is an anti-monotonic function, i.e., given an infrequent pattern, all its superpatterns are not frequent. However, many other constraints for pattern selection are neither monotonic nor anti-monotonic, which makes it difficult to generate patterns satisfying these constraints. In order to deal with nonmonotonic constraints we introduce the notion of "projection antimonotonicity" and SOFIA algorithm that allow generating best patterns for a class of nonmonotonic constraints. Cosine interest, robustness, stability of closed itemsets, and the associated delta-measure are among these constraints. SOFIA starts from light descriptions of transactions in dataset (a small set of items in the case of itemset description) and then iteratively adds more information to these descriptions (more items with indication of tidsets they describe).
The Role of Misshapen NCK-related kinase (MINK), a Novel Ste20 Family Kinase, in the IRES-Mediated Protein Translation of Human Enterovirus 71

Human Enterovirus 71 (EV71) commonly causes Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in young children, and occasional occurrences of neurological complications can be fatal. In this study, a high-throughput cell-based screening on the serine/threonine kinase siRNA library was performed to identify potential antiviral agents against EV71 replication. Among the hits, Misshapen/NIKs-related kinase (MINK) was selected for detailed analysis due to its strong inhibitory profile and novelty. In the investigation of the stage at which MINK is involved in EV71 replication, virus RNA transfection in MINK siRNA-treated cells continued to cause virus inhibition despite bypassing the normal entry pathway, suggesting its involvement at the post-entry stage. We have also shown that viral RNA and protein expression level was significantly reduced upon MINK silencing, suggesting its involvement in viral protein synthesis which feeds into viral RNA replication process. Through proteomic analysis and infection inhibition assay, we found that the activation of MINK was triggered by early replication events, instead of the binding and entry of the virus. Proteomic analysis on the activation profile of p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) indicated that the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK was stimulated by EV71 infection upon MINK activation. Luciferase reporter assay further revealed that the translation efficiency of the EV71 internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) was reduced after blocking the MINK/p38 MAPK pathway. Further investigation on the effect of MINK silencing on heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) localisation demonstrated that cytoplasmic relocalisation of hnRNP A1 upon EV71 infection may be facilitated via the MINK/p38 MAPK pathway which then positively regulates the translation of viral RNA transcripts. These novel findings hence suggest that MINK plays a functional role in the IRES-mediated translation of EV71 viral RNA and may provide a potential target for the development of specific antiviral strategies against EV71 infection.
Glomerulonephritisin Autoantibody-Mediated Disease Renal Cells May Promote End-Organ Type I Interferons Produced by Resident

Increased Type I IFNs or IFN-I have been associated with human systemic lupus erythematosus. Interestingly augmenting or negating IFN-I activity in murine lupus not only modulates systemic autoimmunity, but also impacts lupus nephritis, suggesting that IFN-I may be acting at the level of the end-organ. We ﬁnd resident renal cells to be a dominant source of IFN-I in an experimental model of autoantibody-induced nephritis. In this model, augmenting IFN-I ampliﬁed antibody-triggered nephritis, whereas ablating IFN-I activity ameliorated disease. One mechanism through which increased IFN-I drives immune-mediated nephritis might be operative through increased recruitment of inﬂammatory monocytes and neutrophils, though this hypothesis needs further validation. Collectively, these studies indicate that an important contribution of IFN-I toward the disease pathology seen in systemic autoimmunity may be exercised at the level of the end-organ. The Journal of Immunology, 2009, 183: 6831–6838. self-reactive Abs The anti-nuclear Abs, anti-glomerular Abs and related complexes within the end as the signiﬁcant in the development of nephritis and death. Of the multiple cytokines implicated in disease progression, re-search focused on the key role of type I IFNs (IFN-I),