Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Many Samples and How Many Culture Media To Diagnose a Prosthetic Joint Infection: a Clinical and Microbiological Prospective Multicenter Study

ABSTRACT Although numerous perioperative samples and culture media are required to diagnose prosthetic joint infection (PJI), their exact number and types have not yet been definitely determined with a high level of proof. We conducted a prospective multicenter study to determine the minimal number of samples and culture media required for accurate diagnosis of PJI. Over a 2-year period, consecutive patients with clinical signs suggesting PJI were included, with five perioperative samples per patient. The bacteriological and PJI diagnosis criteria were assessed using a random selection of two, three, or four samples and compared with those obtained using the recommended five samples (references guidelines). The results obtained with two or three culture media were then compared with those obtained with five culture media for both criteria. The times-to-positivity of the different culture media were calculated. PJI was confirmed in 215/264 suspected cases, with a bacteriological criterion in 192 (89%). The PJI was monomicrobial (85%) or polymicrobial (15%). Percentages of agreement of 98.1% and 99.7%, respectively, for the bacteriological criterion and confirmed PJI diagnosis were obtained when four perioperative samples were considered. The highest percentages of agreement were obtained with the association of three culture media, a blood culture bottle, a chocolate agar plate, and Schaedler broth, incubated for 5, 7, and 14 days, respectively. This new procedure leads to significant cost saving. Our prospective multicenter study showed that four samples seeded on three culture media are sufficient for diagnosing PJI.
A Framework for Model-based Evaluation of Spoken Dialog Systems

Improvements in the quality, usability and acceptability of spoken dialog systems can be facilitated by better evaluation methods. To support early and efficient evaluation of dialog systems and their components, this paper presents a tripartite framework describing the evaluation problem. One part models the behavior of user and system during the interaction, the second one the perception and judgment processes taking place inside the user, and the third part models what matters to system designers and service providers. The paper reviews available approaches for some of the model parts, and indicates how anticipated improvements may serve not only developers and users but also researchers working on advanced dialog functions and features.
Overview on segmentation and classification for the Alzheimer’s disease detection from brain MRI

— The several studies projected that approximately 115 million people will be affected from Alzheimer disease (AD) worldwide by the year 2050. Early detection of AD is important so that preventative measures can be taken place. The human brain Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data have been used to detection of AD. Due to the variation and complexity of brain tissue the MRI data analysis for detection AD is considered as difficult process. The objective of this study is to explore the recent published segmentation and classification techniques and discuss the usability in AD detection of the human brain MRI data.
Penurunan Tingkat Depresi Pada Perempuan Korban Tindak Kekerasan Dengan Guided Imagery

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui efektifitas terapi guided imagery dalam penurunan terhadap depressi pada perempuan korban tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Hipotesis yang diuji adalah ada penurunan terhadap depresi pada perempuan korban tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang menjalani terapi guided imagery. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah BDI-II, panduan wawancara, panduan observasi, dan catatan harian. Subjek penelitian adalah perempuan korban tindak KDRT oleh ayah tiri dan mengalami depresi. Metode yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah single case dengan model desain kasus tunggal yang digunakan dalam ekperimen penelitian ini adalah desain reversal ABA. Berdasarkan analisa yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa terapi guided imagery dapat menurunkan tingkat depresi pada perempuan korban tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan penurunan hasil pengukuran tingkat depresi pada subjek yang merupakan korban tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga setelah diberikan intervensi guided imagery. Perubahan ke arah positif juga ditunjukkan pada aspek-aspek depresi meliputi aspek afeksi, kognitif, perilaku dan fisik, meskipun perubahannya bervariasi.
Analysis of Tactile Elements Based on Classification of a Tactile User Interface

Today, the graphical user interface is rapidly being transformed into a tactile user interface. While the sense of touch and the sense of sight can be considered together in a tactile user interface, the integration of touch and sight is under-investigated. The purpose of this study is to analyze the elements of the tactile user interface of a smartphone through classifying tactile user interfaces. This study explores the definition of the tactile UI and classifies tactile UIs based on different literature reviews. We then extract elements of the tactile UI. It is expected that this study will contribute to expanding the scope of the tactile UI through the understanding of the tactile user interface.
Therapeutic effects of calcium dobesilate on diabetic nephropathy mediated through reduction of expression of PAI-1

The aim of this study was to investigate whether calcium dobesilate (calcium dihydroxy-2,5-benzenesulfonate) may be used to treat diabetic nephropathy. A total of 121 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy received calcium dobesilate (500 mg, 3 times a day) for 3 months. The levels of glycated hemoglobin, fasting serum C peptide, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase, urea nitrogen, creatinine, hematocrit, plasma viscosity, whole blood reduced viscosity, high, medium and low shear rate whole blood viscosity, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and endothelin were determined. The urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) was also determined once a month during the study. The UAER and medium and low shear rate whole blood viscosity were significantly lower in the treated patients. The rate of microalbuminuria normalization was 90%. During the treatment, the UAERs decreased. The results revealed that calcium dobesilate has therapeutic effects on type 2 diabetes patients with microalbuminuria. In addition, the benefit was positively correlated with the calcium dobesilate treatment time. The therapeutic effect may be due to decreases in the levels of PAI-1.
VISUAL MOTION ESTIMATION AND TERRAIN MODELING FOR PLANETARY ROVERS

The next round of planetary missions will require increased autonomy to enable exploration rovers to travel great distances with limited aid from a human operator. For autonomous operations at this scale, localization and terrain modeling become key aspects of onboard rover functionality. Previous Mars rover missions have relied on odometric sensors such as wheel encoders and inertial measurement units/gyros for on-board motion estimation. While these offer a simple solution, they are prone to wheel-slip in loose soil and drift of biases, respectively. Alternatively, the use of visual landmarks observed by stereo cameras to localize a rover offers a more robust solution but at the cost of increased complexity. Additionally rovers will need to create photo-realistic three-dimensional models of visited sites for autonomous operations on-site and mission planning on Earth.
The Impact of PEO and PVDF for Reducing the Phase Segregation in CsPbBr₂I Perovskites

In order to reduce the influence of the phase segregation in CsPbBr2I-based structures, the polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solutions with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent with the various concentrations were used. According to the photoluminescence measurements and morphology analysis, the optimal mass ratios for PEO: PVDF and (PEO+PVDF): CsPbBr2I were in ranges 0,1-0,25 and 0,1-0,2 respectively.
Spectral approximation of time windows in the solution of dissipative linear differential equations

We establish a relation between the length T of the integration window of a linear differential equation x'+ Ax = b and a spectral parameter s * . This parameter is determined by comparing the exact solution x(T) at the end of the integration window to the solution of a linear system obtained from the Laplace transform of the differential equation by freezing the system matrix. We propose a method to integrate the relation s * = s * (T) into the determination of the interval of rapid convergence of waveform relaxation iterations. The method is illustrated with a few numerical examples.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc4+ gene encodes a novel EF-hand protein essential for cytokinesis

Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells divide by medial fission. One class of cell division mutants (cdc), the late septation mutants, defines four genes: cdc3, cdc4, cdc8, and cdc12 (Nurse, P., P. Thuriaux, and K. Nasmyth. 1976. Mol. & Gen. Genet. 146:167-178). We have cloned and characterized the cdc4 gene and show that the predicted gene product. Cdc4p, is a 141-amino acid polypeptide that is similar in sequence to EF-hand proteins including myosin light chains, calmodulin, and troponin C. Two temperature-sensitive lethal alleles, cdc4-8 and cdc4- 31, accumulate multiple nuclei and multiple improper F-actin rings and septa but fail to complete cytokinesis. Deletion of cdc4 also results in a lethal terminal phenotype characterized by multinucleate, elongated cells that fail to complete cytokinesis. Sequence comparisons suggest that Cdc4p may be a member of a new class of EF-hand proteins. Cdc4p localizes to a ringlike structure in the medial region of cells undergoing cytokinesis. Thus, Cdc4p appears to be an essential component of the F-actin contractile ring. We find that Cdc4 protein forms a complex with a 200-kD protein which can be cross-linked to UTP, a property common to myosin heavy chains. Together these results suggest that Cdc4p may be a novel myosin light chain.
Characterization of a Shiga Toxin-, Intimin-, and Enterotoxin Hemolysin-Producing Escherichia coli ONT:H25 Strain Commonly Isolated from Healthy Cattle

ABSTRACT Among bovine fecal and recto-anal mucosal swab samples cultured in our laboratory for Escherichia coli O157:H7, we frequently isolated E. coli organisms that were phenotypically similar to the O157:H7 serotype as non-sorbitol fermenting and negative for β-glucuronidase activity but serotyped O nontypeable:H25 (ONT:H25). This study determined the prevalence and virulence properties of the E. coli ONT:H25 isolates. Among dairy and feedlot cattle (n = 170) sampled in Washington, Idaho, and Alberta, Canada, the percentage of animals culture positive for E. coli ONT:H25 ranged from 7.5% to 22.5%, compared to the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 that ranged from 0% to 15%. A longitudinal 8-month study of dairy heifers (n = 40) showed that 0 to 15% of the heifers were culture positive for E. coli O157:H7, while 15 to 22.5% of the animals were culture positive for E. coli ONT:H25. As determined by a multiplex PCR, the E. coli ONT:H25 isolates carried a combination of virulence genes characteristic of the enterohemorrhagic E. coli, including intimin, translocated intimin receptor, Stx2, and hemolysin (eae-β, tir, stx2vh-a, and hly). E. coli ONT:H25 isolates from diverse geographic locations and over time were fingerprinted by separating XbaI-restricted chromosomal DNA by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) separation. Two strains of E. coli ONT:H25 were highly similar by PFGE pattern. Experimental inoculation of cattle showed that E. coli ONT:H25, like E. coli O157:H7, colonized the bovine recto-anal junction mucosa for more than 4 weeks following a single rectal application of bacteria.
A Rule-based Temporal Alert Correlation System

This paper reports a research work to address the problem of the large number of alerts generated by the detectors in an intrusion detection system. Some of these alerts are redundant and have to be aggregated; others may follow a certain attack pattern that should be correlated. Generally, this operation is referred to as alert correlation. A more detailed explanation of the alert correlation is presented in the paper. Paper proposes a rule-based approach to solve this problem. In the reported work, an inference engine is implemented to derive the correlation between the alerts using a scenario-based knowledge base and to aggregate redundant alerts. Experimental results based on sample alerts and scenarios are reported in this paper.
Ancient origin of placental expression in the growth hormone genes of anthropoid primates

In anthropoid primates, growth hormone (GH) genes have undergone at least 2 independent locus expansions, one in platyrrhines (New World monkeys) and another in catarrhines (Old World monkeys and apes). In catarrhines, the GH cluster has a pituitary-expressed gene called GH1; the remaining GH genes include placental GHs and placental lactogens. Here, we provide cDNA sequence evidence that the platyrrhine GH cluster also includes at least 3 placenta expressed genes and phylogenetic evidence that placenta expressed anthropoid GH genes have undergone strong adaptive evolution, whereas pituitary-expressed GH genes have faced strict functional constraint. Our phylogenetic evidence also points to lineage-specific gene gain and loss in early placental mammalian evolution, with at least three copies of the GH gene present at the time of the last common ancestor (LCA) of primates, rodents, and laurasiatherians. Anthropoid primates and laurasiatherians share gene descendants of one of these three copies, whereas rodents and strepsirrhine primates each maintain a separate copy. Eight of the amino-acid replacements that occurred on the lineage leading to the LCA of extant anthropoids have been implicated in GH signaling at the maternal-fetal interface. Thus, placental expression of GH may have preceded the separate series of GH gene duplications that occurred in catarrhines and platyrrhines (i.e., the roles played by placenta-expressed GHs in human pregnancy may have a longer evolutionary history than previously appreciated).
Sequence variation at the human ABO locus

The ABO blood group is the most important blood group system in transfusion medicine. Since the ABO gene was cloned and the molecular basis of the three major alleles delineated about 10 years ago, the gene has increasingly been examined by a variety of DNA‐based genotyping methods and analysed in detail by DNA sequencing. A few coherent observations emerge from these studies. First, there is extensive sequence heterogeneity underlying the major ABO alleles that produce normal blood groups A, B, AB and O when in correct combination with other alleles. Second, there is also extensive heterogeneity underlying the molecular basis of various alleles producing ABO subgroups such as A2, Ax and B3. There are over 70 ABO alleles reported to date and these alleles highlight the extensive sequence variation in the coding region of the gene. A unifying system of nomenclature is proposed to name these alleles. Third, extensive sequence variation is also found in the non‐coding region of the gene, including variation in minisatellite repeats in the 5′ untranslated region (UTR), 21 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 6 and one SNP in the 3′ UTR. The haplotypes of these variations reveal a specific relationship with the major ABO alleles. Fourth, excluding the common alleles, about half of the remaining alleles are due to new mutations and the other half can better be explained by intragenic recombination (both crossover and gene conversion) between common alleles. In particular, the recombination sites in hybrid alleles can be quite precisely defined through haplotype analysis of the SNPs in intron 6. This indicates that recombination is equally as important as point mutations in generating the genetic diversity of the ABO locus. Finally, a large number of ABO genotyping methods are available and are based on restriction analysis, allele specific amplification, mutation screening techniques or their combinations.
Humanoid social robots in the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy

To increase the interest of a child in motor training we have tried to use a humanoid social robot that acts like a coach to encourage the patient. The humanoid robot "KineTron" was assembled from commercially available Bioloid Premium robotic kit. Nine movement scenarios of robot behaviour combined with voice and music were developed. During the training session, a therapist activates one of the scenarios by pressing a button on the remote. Evaluation of the Rehabilitation Robot was carried out on a group of six children with Cerebral Palsy, aged between 4-9 years. Rehabilitation Robot was used during 5-7 training sessions. All children and parents liked the sessions with the Rehabilitation Robot. This pilot study suggests that there are potential benefits in using humanoid robots in motor training of patients with cerebral palsy. It appears to be motivating for the child and encourages active participation in rehabilitation activities.
A small yet comprehensive subset of human experimental pain models emerging from correlation analysis with a clinical quantitative sensory testing protocol in healthy subjects

Picturing the complexity of pain in human experimental settings has increased the predictivity for clinical pain but requires increasingly complex test batteries. This raises problems in studies in which time is objectively limited, for example by the course of action of an analgesic drug. We addressed the selection of a small yet comprehensive set of pain tests for the use in such a situation.
Rapid conceptus elongation in the pig: An interleukin 1 beta 2 and estrogen‐regulated phenomenon

Establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in the pig involves activating many physiological, cellular, and molecular signaling pathways between the developing conceptus and hormonally regulated maternal endometrium. Rapid elongation of the pig trophoblast allows for the establishment of sufficient placental surface area for the transport of nutrients to the fetus throughout pregnancy. Estrogens secreted by the conceptus during elongation act on uterine epithelia to induce secretion of uterine factors required for conceptus development and for preventing endocrine secretion of prostaglandin F2α, which would cause luteolysis. Thus, trophoblast expansion within the uterine lumen during early gestation is an essential process for implantation and maintenance of pregnancy in species with an epitheliochorial form of placentation. In the pig, rapid conceptus elongation involves the unique expression of interleukin‐1 beta 2 (IL1B2), which establishes pro‐inflammatory effects that may be tempered by the spatiotemporal secretion of estrogen from the conceptuses. The present review provides current information on pig conceptus remodeling and signaling via estrogen and IL1B2 pathways, as well as endometrial responses to those conceptus factors leading to establishment of pregnancy.
cis-Proline-mediated Ser(P)5 Dephosphorylation by the RNA Polymerase II C-terminal Domain Phosphatase Ssu72*

RNA polymerase II coordinates co-transcriptional events by recruiting distinct sets of nuclear factors to specific stages of transcription via changes of phosphorylation patterns along its C-terminal domain (CTD). Although it has become increasingly clear that proline isomerization also helps regulate CTD-associated processes, the molecular basis of its role is unknown. Here, we report the structure of the Ser(P)5 CTD phosphatase Ssu72 in complex with substrate, revealing a remarkable CTD conformation with the Ser(P)5–Pro6 motif in the cis configuration. We show that the cis-Ser(P)5–Pro6 isomer is the minor population in solution and that Ess1-catalyzed cis-trans-proline isomerization facilitates rapid dephosphorylation by Ssu72, providing an explanation for recently discovered in vivo connections between these enzymes and a revised model for CTD-mediated small nuclear RNA termination. This work presents the first structural evidence of a cis-proline-specific enzyme and an unexpected mechanism of isomer-based regulation of phosphorylation, with broad implications for CTD biology.
Regulation of Dendritic Cell Function in Inflammation

Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen presenting cells and link the innate and adaptive immune system. During steady state immune surveillance in skin, DC act as sentinels against commensals and invading pathogens. Under pathological skin conditions, inflammatory cytokines, secreted by surrounding keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and immune cells, influence the activation and maturation of different DC populations including Langerhans cells (LC) and dermal DC. In this review we address critical differences in human DC subtypes during inflammatory settings compared to steady state. We also highlight the functional characteristics of human DC subsets in inflammatory skin environments and skin diseases including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Understanding the complex immunoregulatory role of distinct DC subsets in inflamed human skin will be a key element in developing novel strategies in anti-inflammatory therapy.
Oracles for Distributed Testing

The problem of deciding whether an observed behavior is acceptable is the oracle problem. When testing from a finite state machine (FSM), it is easy to solve the oracle problem and so it has received relatively little attention for FSMs. However, if the system under test has physically distributed interfaces, called ports, then in distributed testing, we observe a local trace at each port and we compare the set of local traces with the set of allowed behaviors (global traces). This paper investigates the oracle problem for deterministic and nondeterministic FSMs and for two alternative definitions of conformance for distributed testing. We show that the oracle problem can be solved in polynomial time for the weaker notion of conformance (⊆w) but is NP-hard for the stronger notion of conformance (⊆), even if the FSM is deterministic. However, when testing from a deterministic FSM with controllable input sequences, the oracle problem can be solved in polynomial time and similar results hold for nondeterministic FSMs. Thus, in some cases, the oracle problem can be efficiently solved when using ⊆s and where this is not the case, we can use the decision procedure for ⊆w as a sound approximation.
Traumatic Brain Injury and NADPH Oxidase: A Deep Relationship

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents one of the major causes of mortality and disability in the world. TBI is characterized by primary damage resulting from the mechanical forces applied to the head as a direct result of the trauma and by the subsequent secondary injury due to a complex cascade of biochemical events that eventually lead to neuronal cell death. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the genesis of the delayed harmful effects contributing to permanent damage. NADPH oxidases (Nox), ubiquitary membrane multisubunit enzymes whose unique function is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), have been shown to be a major source of ROS in the brain and to be involved in several neurological diseases. Emerging evidence demonstrates that Nox is upregulated after TBI, suggesting Nox critical role in the onset and development of this pathology. In this review, we summarize the current evidence about the role of Nox enzymes in the pathophysiology of TBI.