Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The link between hydrology and restoration of tidal marshes in the New York/New Jersey Estuary

The objectives of this paper are to summarize existing knowledge on the hydrologic characteristics of tidal marshes in the New York/New Jersey (NY/NJ) Estuary, to document the extensive linkages between hydrology and tidal marsh function, to underline their importance in designing restoration projects, and to identify research needs in this area. Hydrologic processes are responsible for the evolution, inter- and intra- marsh variability, and functional value of tidal marshes. Hydrology also controls the movement of materials and organisms between estuaries, wetlands, uplands, and the atmosphere. The importance of hydrology to tidal marsh function is widely recognized by the scientific community. Hydrologic research in tidal wetlands of the NY/NJ Estuary, however, is lacking. Anthropogenic development activities have resulted in drastic losses of tidal wetland value, and restoration is now finally a priority in many of the region’s natural resource management plans. The success of tidal marsh restoration efforts depends on how appropriately hydrologic factors and their interdependencies are recognized and incorporated into design; yet, little guidance about how best to restore tidal marsh hydrology is available. There is a need to document better the hydrologic characteristics of existing and historical tidal wetlands, to improve hydrologic modeling capabilities, and to accompany other ecological investigations in tidal marshes with hydrologic documentation.
Predicting Viewer Affective Comments Based on Image Content in Social Media

Visual sentiment analysis is getting increasing attention because of the rapidly growing amount of images in online social interactions and several emerging applications such as online propaganda and advertisement. Recent studies have shown promising progress in analyzing visual affect concepts intended by the media content publisher. In contrast, this paper focuses on predicting what viewer affect concepts will be triggered when the image is perceived by the viewers. For example, given an image tagged with "yummy food," the viewers are likely to comment "delicious" and "hungry," which we refer to as viewer affect concepts (VAC) in this paper. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work explicitly distinguishing intended publisher affect concepts and induced viewer affect concepts associated with social visual content, and aiming at understanding their correlations. We present around 400 VACs automatically mined from million-scale real user comments associated with images in social media. Furthermore, we propose an automatic visual based approach to predict VACs by first detecting publisher affect concepts in image content and then applying statistical correlations between such publisher affect concepts and the VACs. We demonstrate major benefits of the proposed methods in several real-world tasks - recommending images to invoke certain target VACs among viewers, increasing the accuracy of predicting VACs by 20.1% and finally developing a social assistant tool that may suggest plausible, content-specific and desirable comments when users view new images.
Occupational Patterns of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Revisiting Matuska and Christiansen's Model of Lifestyle Balance

We synthesized selected literature from psychology, neuroscience, occupational therapy, nursing, and other fields regarding parents of children with ASD and utilized Matuska and Christiansen's Model of Lifestyle Balance to organize the literature to present a theoretically grounded and occupation-based picture of the life experiences of parents of children with ASD. In doing so, we discerned a complex relationship among the five dimensions suggested by Matuska and Christiansen, prompting a refinement of their model to address this complexity. Overall, a variety of factors associated with caring for children with ASD have the potential to cause or contribute to negative psychological consequences such as stress, anxiety, and depression, as well as functional limitations and other health problems such as hypertension or diabetes. In order to promote health and general well-being, lifestyle changes to enhance balance may be necessary for many parents of children with ASD.
Climate Policy Uncertainty and Investment Behavior: Evidence from Small Hydropower Plants

Using real options theory and a multivariate discrete choice model, we investigate how investments in renewable electricity production are affected by climate policy uncertainty. More specifically, based on panel data of 214 licenses to construct small hydropower plants, we examine whether uncertainty with respect to the introduction of a market for green certificates has affected the timing of investments in small hydropower plants Norway from 2001 to 2010. We find that real options models, which translate uncertainty into investment risk, give better explanation of investors' behavior compared to traditional net present value analysis.
Embodiment of the Rubber Hand Across Different Somatosensory Modalities

The Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) can be induced by synchronous brushing of a seen rubber hand and the subject's real hidden hand. We sought to determine whether the RHI could be induced using one somatosensory modality and maintained using another. In 75 subjects, one of three modalities was used to induce the RHI: touch (brush), vibration (128Hz), or temperature (cooling). We then tested whether the illusion was maintained when only the rubber hand received stimuli from all modalities including kinesthesia (passive movement of arm). The RHI was successfully induced with touch, vibration and cooling modalities in 35 of 75 subjects. When only the seen rubber hand received a stimulus and not the hidden real hand, ownership persisted in 24 of 35 subjects who were successfully induced before. Our results may contribute to the understanding of the RHI and to the development of somatosensory neuroprosthetics. iii Acknowledgements
The transformation of iodate to iodide in marine phytoplankton cultures

Six species of phytoplankton, representing 6 major phylogenetic groups (2 oceanic species: a cyanobacteria, Synechococcus sp., and a coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi; and 4 coastal species: a prasinophyte, Tetraselmis sp., the green algae Dunaliella tertiolecta, the diatom Skele- tonema costatum and a dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae) were tested for their ability to reduce iodate to iodide in batch cultures. They all did so to varying degrees. Thus, the reduction of iodate to iodide by phytoplankton may be a general phenomenon in the marine environment. At ambient con- centrations of iodate, the rates of depletion of iodate and appearance of iodide varied between 0.8 and 0.02, and between 0.3 and 0.02 nmol µg chlorophyll a -1 d -1 , respectively. E. huxleyi was the least efficient while A. carterae was the most efficient in the depletion of iodate. However, in the formation of iodide, while E. huxleyi was also the least efficient, Synechococcus sp. were the most efficient. The rates of appearance of iodide were noticeably slower than the corresponding rates of depletion of iodate, suggesting that part of the iodate might have been converted to forms of iodine other than iodide in these cases. The slight mismatch in the rank order of the rates of depletion of iodate and appearance of iodide between the phytoplankton species was traced to this variable and incomplete conversion of iodate to iodide. These rates were increased by up to over an order of magnitude upon enriching the culture medium with 5 and 10 µM of iodate. The depletion of iodate and appearance of iodide occurred in all growth phases. However, the rates might vary with growth phase and the patterns of these variations might be species-specific. Phytoplankton growth was not impeded even under unnaturally high concentrations of iodate implying that there is little interaction between iodine processing and the metabolic activity of cell growth.
More than just an intermediate: hydrogen sulfide signalling in plants

This article comments on: Aroca A, Benito JM, Gotor C, Romero LC. 2017. Persulfidation proteome reveals the regulation of protein function by hydrogen sulfide in diverse biochemical processes in Arabidopsis. Journal of Experimental Botany 68, 4915–4927.
Defect‐Engineered Graphene for High‐Energy‐ and High‐Power‐Density Supercapacitor Devices

Defects are often written off as performance limiters. Contrary to this notion, it is shown that controlling the defect configuration in graphene is critical to overcome a fundamental limitation posed by quantum capacitance and opens new channels for ion diffusion. Defect-engineered graphene flexible pouch capacitors with energy densities of 500% higher than the state-of-the-art supercapacitors are demonstrated.
Calibrating predictive model estimates to support personalized medicine

Objective Predictive models that generate individualized estimates for medically relevant outcomes are playing increasing roles in clinical care and translational research. However, current methods for calibrating these estimates lose valuable information. Our goal is to develop a new calibration method to conserve as much information as possible, and would compare favorably to existing methods in terms of important performance measures: discrimination and calibration. Material and methods We propose an adaptive technique that utilizes individualized confidence intervals (CIs) to calibrate predictions. We evaluate this new method, adaptive calibration of predictions (ACP), in artificial and real-world medical classification problems, in terms of areas under the ROC curves, the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, mean squared error, and computational complexity. Results ACP compared favorably to other calibration methods such as binning, Platt scaling, and isotonic regression. In several experiments, binning, isotonic regression, and Platt scaling failed to improve the calibration of a logistic regression model, whereas ACP consistently improved the calibration while maintaining the same discrimination or even improving it in some experiments. In addition, the ACP algorithm is not computationally expensive. Limitations The calculation of CIs for individual predictions may be cumbersome for certain predictive models. ACP is not completely parameter-free: the length of the CI employed may affect its results. Conclusions ACP can generate estimates that may be more suitable for individualized predictions than estimates that are calibrated using existing methods. Further studies are necessary to explore the limitations of ACP.
Image-guided navigation: A cost effective practical introduction using the image-guided surgery toolkit (IGSTK)

Teaching the key technical aspects of image-guided interventions using a hands-on approach is a challenging task. This is primarily due to the high cost and lack of accessibility to imaging and tracking systems. We provide a software and data infrastructure which addresses both challenges. Our infrastructure allows students, patients, and clinicians to develop an understanding of the key technologies by using them, and possibly by developing additional components and integrating them into a simple navigation system which we provide. Our approach requires minimal hardware, LEGO blocks to construct a phantom for which we provide CT scans, and a webcam which when combined with our software provides the functionality of a tracking system. A premise of this approach is that tracking accuracy is sufficient for our purpose. We evaluate the accuracy provided by a consumer grade webcam and show that it is sufficient for educational use. We provide an open source implementation of all the components required for a basic image-guided navigation as part of the Image-Guided Surgery Toolkit (IGSTK). It has long been known that in education there is no substitute for hands-on experience, to quote Sophocles, “One must learn by doing the thing; for though you think you know it, you have no certainty, until you try. ”. Our work provides this missing capability in the context of image-guided navigation. Enabling a wide audience to learn and experience the use of a navigation system.
The prevalence of esophagitis in patients with duodenal ulcer or ulcer-like dyspepsia.

OBJECTIVE It has been reported that 30-72% of patients with duodenal ulcer disease also have esophagitis. However, many of these reports included patients who had severe or complicated ulcer disease, so that the high prevalence may reflect pyloric stenosis or gastric hyper-secretion. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of esophagitis in unselected patients with duodenal ulcer disease or ulcer-like dyspepsia. METHOD A prospective study of endoscopic and histological esophagitis in consecutive patients with either duodenal ulcer disease or with ulcer-like dyspepsia. RESULTS Of 27 patients with duodenal ulcer disease, 33% had endoscopic esophagitis, 26% had histological esophagitis, and 48% had esophagitis by either criterion. Of 66 patients with ulcer-like dyspepsia, 35% had endoscopic esophagitis, 47% had histological esophagitis, and 62% had esophagitis by either criterion. Esophagitis was independent of patients' Helicobacter pylori status. CONCLUSIONS Esophagitis is common in patients with duodenal ulcer disease, and the prevalence is similar in patients with ulcer-like dyspepsia. In addition to causing heartburn, esophagitis may also be cause ulcer-like epigastric pain. Concomitant esophagitis may account for the persisting or recurring dyspepsia that has been reported in up to one-third of duodenal ulcer patients after successful eradication of H. pylori.
Review Article Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Prostatic Diseases

Prostatic diseases are characterized by increased activity of cytokines, growth factors, and cyclooxygenases-(COX-) 1 and 2. Activation of COX-1 and COX-2 results in increased levels of prostaglandins and the induction of angiogenic, antiapoptotic and inflammatory processes. Inhibition of COX enzymes by members of the widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) class of drugs decreases prostaglandin production, and exerts a variety of anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antinociceptive effects. While numerous in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies have shown that NSAIDs inhibit the risk and progression of prostatic diseases, the relationship between NSAIDs and such diseases remains controversial. Here we review the literature in this area, critically analyzing the benefits and caveats associated with the use of NSAIDs in the treatment of prostatic diseases.
The prevalence, aetiology and clinical significance of pseudo-sinusoidal fetal heart rate patterns in labour.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of sinusoidal and pseudo-sinusoidal fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns in labour and the relation between the characteristics of the FHR pattern and fetal outcome. DESIGN A prospective observational study over a 6-month period in which all women who had continuous FHR monitoring in labour had their intrapartum cardiotocographs (CTGs) scrutinized for the presence of sinusoidal or pseudo-sinusoidal FHR patterns. SETTING John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford. SUBJECTS 1520 women who had fetal monitoring during labour for various reasons. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Both internal (electrocardiographic) and external (ultrasound) recordings of the FHR were analysed. Abnormal FHR patterns were related to obstetric characteristics and fetal outcome in terms of Apgar scores, umbilical artery pH and admission to the special care unit. RESULTS No true sinusoidal FHR patterns were observed, but pseudo-sinusoidal FHR patterns were found in 230 of the 1520 CTGs examined (15%). Of these, 219 were classified as minor (amplitude 5-15 beats/min) and 11 as intermediate (amplitude 16-24 beats/min). Major pseudo-sinusoidal FHR patterns (amplitude greater than 24 beats/min) were not observed. Minor pseudo-sinusoidal FHR patterns had a mean duration of 21 (SD 13) min and typically occurred once or twice early in labour. Using logistic regression analysis a significant, independent relation was demonstrated between the presence of minor pseudo-sinusoidal FHR patterns and the use of pethidine (RR 1.84, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.59, P less than 0.0001) and epidural analgesia (RR 1.85, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.76, P less than 0.001). Intermediate pseudo-sinusoidal FHR patterns were found in association with both in utero fetal sucking and transient episodes of fetal hypoxia such as that caused by periodic umbilical cord compression. CONCLUSION Pseudo-sinusoidal FHR patterns in labour will usually be associated with a normal fetal outcome but a careful fetal assessment is mandatory.
Draft Genome Sequence of Paenibacillus elgiiB69, a Strain with Broad Antimicrobial Activity

ABSTRACT Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Paenibacillus elgiiB69, which was isolated from soil and has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. As far as we know, the P. elgiigenome is the largest of the Paenibacillusgenus for which genome sequences are available. Multiple sets of genes related to antibiotic biosynthetic pathways have been found in the genome.
Stereopsis method for visually impaired to identify obstacles based on distance

Identification of obstacles in the real time environment is idempotent for human blind to navigate freely without collision. This paper describes a methodology that is required to support the blind to discriminate obstacles based on their distance. The hardware part consists of a sunglass fitted with two mini cameras, laptop computer and stereo earphones. The two cameras capture the visual information infront of blind user. The captured images are then processed using the proposed methodology. The methodology includes image processing module, which isolate objects from the two camera images, and stereo vision module calculates distance through disparity. In the proposed algorithm disparity is obtained with less computation compared to conventional area based stereo correspondence method. Experimentations were conducted in indoor environment, and the results obtained are supportable.
Boolean Network Model Predicts Cell Cycle Sequence of Fission Yeast

A Boolean network model of the cell-cycle regulatory network of fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces Pombe) is constructed solely on the basis of the known biochemical interaction topology. Simulating the model in the computer faithfully reproduces the known activity sequence of regulatory proteins along the cell cycle of the living cell. Contrary to existing differential equation models, no parameters enter the model except the structure of the regulatory circuitry. The dynamical properties of the model indicate that the biological dynamical sequence is robustly implemented in the regulatory network, with the biological stationary state G1 corresponding to the dominant attractor in state space, and with the biological regulatory sequence being a strongly attractive trajectory. Comparing the fission yeast cell-cycle model to a similar model of the corresponding network in S. cerevisiae, a remarkable difference in circuitry, as well as dynamics is observed. While the latter operates in a strongly damped mode, driven by external excitation, the S. pombe network represents an auto-excited system with external damping.
Second trimester rupture in a retroflexed, scarred uterus

cell level and the presence of melanosomes that synthesise melanin have been described (Kaiserling et al. 1994; Pea et al. 1991). Th e management of angiomyolipoma is widely discussed in the available literature. Asymptomatic tumours smaller than 4 cm in size, should be subjected to periodic ultrasound and CT controls every 6 months (Dickinson et al. 1998). Symptomatic, bilateral lesions should be treated with selective arterial embolisation or partial nephrectomy. Radical nephrectomy is required when the patient is haemodynamically unstable, due to retroperitoneal haemorrhage (Dickinson et al. 1998). In our patient, the life-threatening haemodynamic profi le required emergency caesarean section and at the same time, control of retroperitoneum bleeding, with radical left nephrectomy. Despite the fact that most angiomyolipomas are asymptomatic, the presence of acute abdominal or lumbar pain, hypotension or shock ought to suggest the possibility of tumour rupture. A study of the retroperitoneal region aft er stabilisation of the patient should always be included in the diagnostic process. It seems that these benign tumours demonstrate a greater growth rate in pregnant women and in such cases, a discussion that may be raised is when the most suitable period for surgical treatment may be. Th e 2nd trimester of pregnancy seems to be the best time (Stillwell et al. 1987), since the possibility of surgical induced abortion and the technical diffi culties related to a growing uterus are limited. Renal angiomyolipoma with spontaneous rupture during pregnancy is a dangerous condition that may cause mortality in both the mother and the fetus. However, simultaneous caesarean section and radical nephrectomy can be performed safely if the haemodynamic status is stable and the fetus has reached maturity.
Cluster correlation functions in N-body simulations

The correlation function of galaxy clusters has frequently been used as a test of cosmo­ logical models. A number of assumptions are implicit in the comparison of theoretical expectations with data. Here we use an ensemble of ten large N-body simulations of the standard cold dark matter cosmology to investigate how cluster selection criteria and other uncertain factors influence the cluster correlation function. Our study is restricted to the idealized case where clusters are identified in the three-dimensional mass distri­ bution of the simulations. We consider the effects of varying the definition of a cluster, the mean number density (or equivalently the threshold richness or luminosity) in a catalogue, and the assumed normalization of the cosmological model; we also examine the importance of redshift space distortions. We implement five different group-finding algorithms and construct cluster catalogues defined by mass, velocity dispersion or a measure of X-ray luminosity. We find that different cluster catalogues yield correlation functions which can differ from one another by substantially more than the statistical errors in anyone determination. For example, at a fixed number density of clusters, the characteristic clustering length can vary by up to a factor of '" 1.5, depending on the precise procedure employed to identify and select clusters. For a given cluster selection criterion, the correlation length typically varies by '" 20 per cent in catalogues spanning the range of intercluster separations covered by the APM and Abell (richness class ~ 1) catalogues. Distortions produced by peculiar velocities in redshift space enhance the correlation function at large separations and lead to a larger clustering length in red shift space than in real space. The sensitivity of the cluster correlation function to various uncertain model assumptions substantially weakens previous conclusions based on the comparison of model predictions with real data. For example, some of our standard cold dark matter cluster catalogues agree better with published cluster clustering data (particularly on small and intermediate scales) than catalogues con­ structed from similar simulations by Bahcall & Cen and Croft & Efstathiou. Detailed modelling of cluster selection procedures including, for example, the effects of selecting from projected galaxy catalogues is required before the cluster correlation function can be regarded as a high-precision constraint on cosmological models.