Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial and Habitat Distribution of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) in Banambani Village, Mali

Abstract We studied the larval distribution and composition of Anopheles arabiensis Patton, An. gambiae s.s. Giles, and its forms, among local habitats; and their association with the adults between these habitats in Banambani village, Mali during the mid-rainy seasons of 1997–1999. For species and form identification we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP). Differences among species in the distribution of larvae were observed in 1998, but not in 1997 or 1999, although they were on the borderline of statistical significance. Differences among the M and S molecular forms were statistically significant in 1999 when rainfall was high, but not in the two prior, drier sampling periods. Combining all information into the Fisher multiple comparisons test, there were statistically significant differences between species and molecular forms during the 3-yr study period. Hybrid larvae between the M and S forms were observed (0.57%), the first such observation to our knowledge. In spite of differences among larval distribution, no differences of adult species composition were observed among habitats. Factors that influence the distributions of An. gambiae larval populations are discussed.
Arthroscopic osteochondral autologous transplantation for the treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the femoral head

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the femoral head is an unusual cause of hip pain. It can be associated with other intra-articular pathologies including: acetabular labral tears or bone deformities such as Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease (LCPD). In this article, we propose a modern surgical technique using an arthroscopic antegrade and retrograde osteochondral autologous transplantation (OAT) procedure for assessing and treating OCD lesions of the femoral head.
Arthroscopic Bankart repair augmented by plication of the inferior glenohumeral ligament via horizontal mattress suturing for traumatic shoulder instability.

INTRODUCTION This study aimed to evaluate the two-year clinical outcomes of arthroscopic Bankart repair augmented by plication of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) via horizontal mattress suturing. METHODS This study was a retrospective analysis of 76 arthroscopic Bankart repairs by a single surgeon from 2004 to 2008. Bioabsorbable suture anchors were used, with anchors placed at the 5:30, 4 and 3 o'clock positions of the right shoulder (correspondingly at the 6:30, 8 and 9 o'clock positions for the left shoulder). The lower most anchor was tied via horizontal mattress suture with plication of the IGHL, while the remaining two anchors were tied using simple sutures. The patients were postoperatively assessed, clinically and using the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder rating scale. RESULTS The mean age of the patients at the time of presentation was 24.09 ± 7.98 years, and the mean duration of follow-up was 28.7 months. The postoperative recurrence rate of dislocation was 7.89% (six shoulders), of which five shoulders required revision surgeries. Excluding the revision cases, clinical assessment of the strength of the supraspinatus and the range of motion of the operated shoulders at two years post operation were either maintained or full in all patients. Analysis of the UCLA results showed pre- and postoperative mean scores of 25.94 ± 3.43 and 33.77 ± 3.07, respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Arthroscopic Bankart repair augmented by plication of the IGHL and anchored via horizontal mattress suturing is a safe and reliable treatment for shoulder instability, with good clinical outcomes and low recurrence rates.
Exploiting Data Locality in FFT Using Indirect Swap Network on Cell/B.E.

Communication and synchronization are two main latency issues in computing FFT on parallel architectures. Both latencies have to be either hidden or tolerated to achieve high performance. One approach to achieve this is by multithreading. Another approach to tolerate latency is to map data efficiently onto the processors' local memory and exploiting data locality. Indirect swap networks, an idea proposed in VLSI circuits can be efficiently used to compute the butterfly computations in FFT. Data mapping in the swap network topology reduces the communication overhead by half at each iteration. Cell broadband engine (Cell/B.E.)processor is a heterogeneous multicoreprocessor for stream data applications and high performance computing. Its eight SIMD processing elements, synergistic processor elements (SPEs), provide multi-folded parallelism. In this paper, we investigate the improved Cooley-Tukey FFT algorithm based on indirect swap network, and design the parallel algorithm taking into consideration all the features of the Cell/B.E. architecture. The performance results show that the new algorithm on Cell/B.E. is 3.7 faster than the cluster for 4K input data size and 6.4 faster than the cluster for 16K input data size at the processor level.
Europium abundances in F and G disk dwarfs

Europium abundances for 74 F and G dwarf stars of the galactic disk have been determined from the 4129.7 A Eu II line. The stars were selected from the sample of Edvardsson et al. (1993) and [Eu/Fe] shows a smaller scatter and a slightly weaker trend with [Fe/H] than found by Woolf et al. (1995). The data of the two analyses are homogenized and merged. We also discuss the adopted effective temperature scale.
Acute Rejection After Kidney Transplantation Associates With Circulating MicroRNAs and Vascular Injury

Background Acute rejection (AR) of kidney transplants is associated with the loss of endothelial integrity, microvascular rarefaction and, ultimately, graft dysfunction. Circulating angiogenic microRNAs (miRNAs) may serve as markers for microvascular injury. Here, we investigated the short- and long-term effects of AR after kidney transplantation on systemic vascular injury and the associated circulating miRNA profile. Methods Systemic vascular injury was determined by measuring capillary tortuosity and density within the oral mucosa as well as by assessing circulating levels of angiopoietin-2/angiopoietin-1 ratio, vascular endothelial growth factor and soluble thrombomodulin. After a pilot study, we selected 48 miRNAs to assess the AR- and microvascular injury associated circulating miRNAs. Results In stable transplant recipients (n = 25) and patients with AR (n = 13), which were also studied longitudinally (1, 6, and 12 months post-AR), we found an AR-associated increase in markers of systemic vascular injury, of which vascular endothelial growth factor and soluble thrombomodulin normalized within 1 year after AR. Of the 48 selected miRNAs, 8 were either decreased (miR-135a, miR-199a-3p, and miR-15a) or increased (miR-17, miR-140-3p, miR-130b, miR-122 and miR-192) in AR. Of these, miR-130b, miR-199a, and miR-192 associated with markers of vascular injury, whereas miR-140-3p, miR-130b, miR-122, and miR-192 normalized within 1 year after AR. Conclusions AR after kidney transplantation is characterized by systemic microvascular injury and associates with specific circulating miRNA levels.
University of Birmingham Fabrication of large Ti–6Al–4V structures by direct laser deposition

Ti-6Al-4V samples have been prepared by direct laser deposition (DLD) using varied processing conditions. Some of the as-fabricated samples were stress-relieved or hot isostatically pressed (HIPed). The microstructures of all the samples were characterised using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the tensile properties assessed. It was found that a high laser power together with a reasonably low powder feeding rate was essential for achieving minimum porosity. The build height and geometrical integrity of samples was sensitive to the specified laser nozzle moving step along the build height direction (or Z step) with a too big Z step usually leading to a build height smaller than specified height (or under build) and a too small Z step to excessive building (or excess build). Particularly, scaling-up of samples requires a smaller Z step to obtain specified build height and geometry. The as-fabricated microstructure was characterised by columnar grains together with martensitic needle structure and a small fraction of β phase. This led generally to high tensile strengths but low elongations. The horizontally machined samples showed even lower elongation than vertically machined ones due to the presence of large lack-of-fusion pores at interlayer interfaces. HIPing effectively closed pores and fully transformed the martensites into lamellar α+β phases, which considerably improved ductility but caused slight reduction in strength. With optimisation of processing conditions together with post-DLD HIPing, a couple of large spars with structural integrity comparable to conventionally manufactured parts have been fabricated. Pronounced distortion was observed after unclamping of the as-fabricated structures. HIPing on the unclamped structures was found to significantly ease off the distortion. It is suggested that DLD plus HIPing is a feasible route for manufacturing high quality and high performance aerospace structures.
Multi-pose Face Recognition for Person Retrieval in Camera Networks

In this paper, we study the use of facial appearancefeatures for the re-identification of persons using distributedcamera networks in a realistic surveillance scenario.In contrast to features commonly used for person reidentification,such as whole body appearance, facial featuresoffer the advantage of remaining stable over muchlarger intervals of time. The challenge in using faces forsuch applications, apart from low captured face resolutions,is that their appearance across camera sightings is largelyinfluenced by lighting and viewing pose. Here, a numberof techniques to address these problems are presented andevaluated on a database of surveillance-type recordings. Asystem for online capture and interactive retrieval is presentedthat allows to search for sightings of particular personsin the video database. Evaluation results are presentedon surveillance data recorded with four cameras over severaldays. A mean average precision of 0.60 was achievedfor inter-camera retrieval using just a single track as queryset, and up to 0.86 after relevance feedback by an operator.
A wireless carbon monoxide sensor node with hybrid power supply

Gas monitoring is an important issue since the leakage associated with the penetration of gases in the surrounding environment can result in fatalities and harsh consequences. In this work, we propose a novel sensor node architecture for a wireless outdoor CO monitoring unit. To guarantee an autonomous operation, the sensor node is supported by a hybrid power supply, which takes advantage of both wind and solar ambient energy sources to power the node and to charge super capacitors that act as energy buffers. Also, the gas measurement logic is developed such that the energy consumption is minimized. An additional backup energy storage is based on a Li-ion battery. Using an electrochemical CO sensor, we secure the low power consumption of the node without degrading the sensing capabilities. Our solution can be applied for CO monitoring in urban areas and outdoor industrial facilities.
Comparing the MicroRNA Spectrum between Serum and Plasma

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate various biological processes, primarily through interaction with messenger RNAs. The levels of specific, circulating miRNAs in blood have been shown to associate with various pathological conditions including cancers. These miRNAs have great potential as biomarkers for various pathophysiological conditions. In this study we focused on different sample types’ effects on the spectrum of circulating miRNA in blood. Using serum and corresponding plasma samples from the same individuals, we observed higher miRNA concentrations in serum samples compared to the corresponding plasma samples. The difference between serum and plasma miRNA concentration showed some associations with miRNA from platelets, which may indicate that the coagulation process may affect the spectrum of extracellular miRNA in blood. Several miRNAs also showed platform dependent variations in measurements. Our results suggest that there are a number of factors that might affect the measurement of circulating miRNA concentration. Caution must be taken when comparing miRNA data generated from different sample types or measurement platforms.
Introduction—Telling It Like It Isn’t: The Cognitive Neuroscience of Confabulation

Patients who confabulate provide information or act based on information that is obviously false or that is clearly inappropriate for the context of retrieval. The patients are unaware of these falsehoods, which has led Moscovitch ( 1989 ) to coin the term “honest lying” to describe this intriguing symptom. Patients with confabulation will sometimes cling to their false beliefs even when confronted with the truth or despite being aware of contradictory evidence. Most neuropsychologists could probably agree with the above description; however, despite over a century of research, much else remains controversial. This symposium provides an overview of current ideas about confabulation and presents novel empirical research on the phenomenon. Several aspects of the controversies that characterize the fi eld are represented in this collection of studies. These include even the most basic question of how confabulation should be defi ned and how many types of confabulation there are. The studies also address questions regarding the neural basis of confabulation and regarding the neurocognitive mechanisms that may underlie its occurrence. We briefl y discuss each of these three issues below.
Comparative Study of Various Genomic Data Sets for Protein Function Prediction and Enhancements Using Association Analysis ∗ †

The prediction of protein function is a key task in bioinformatics and a variety of techniques and data sets have been employed for that purpose. Using the popular keyword recovery measure, which is based on standard keyword annotations of the SwissProt database, this paper presents a comparative study of the information provided for protein function prediction by different types of data sets: phylogenetic profiles, protein interaction networks, and gene expression data. The technique employed is to evaluate the average keyword recovery achieved when the top (most strongly connected or similar) pairs of proteins are taken from each data set. The results show that protein interaction data contains the most information, then gene expression data, and finally, phylogenetic profiles. In addition, the average keyword recovery is also computed for the top pairs derived from the raw protein interaction data using a measure, h-confidence, which comes from the data mining area of association analysis. This approach gives improved results over raw protein interaction data and even better results when applied to protein complexes that were computationally generated using the raw protein complex data. The paper also briefly discusses the fact that the different data types appear to be
Whole-body motion of a humanoid robot for passing through a door - opening a door by impulsive force -

There are many kinds of large, heavy objects, or objects with geometrical constraints in our daily life, but non-fixed robots such as humanoid robots are still not able to manipulate them sufficiently well. In this paper we focus on a swing door as a heavy object with geometrical constraints, and present a method for the humanoid robots to open it by using impulsive forces. We first discuss on momentum transfer from the robot to the door. Then we propose a method of generating a whole body motion to impact on the door. We analyze the dynamic model of the door, and we confirm the validity of our method through simulation. At last, we realize a motion of the robot opening a swing door quickly by the method in experiment with the HRP-2 robot hardware.
IP traceback-based intelligent packet filtering: a novel technique for defending against Internet DDoS attacks

Distributed denial of service (DDoS) is one of the most difficult security problems to address. While many existing techniques (e.g., IP traceback) focus on tracking the location of the attackers after-the-fact, little is done to mitigate the effect of an attack while it is raging on. We present a novel technique that can effectively filter out the majority of DDoS traffic, thus improving the overall throughput of the legitimate traffic. The proposed scheme leverages on and generalizes the IP traceback schemes to obtain the information concerning whether a network edge is on the attacking path of an attacker ("infected") or not ("clean"). We observe that while an attacker will have all the edges on its path marked as "infected", edges on the path of a legitimate client will mostly be "clean". By preferentially filtering out packets that are inscribed with the marks of "infected" edges, the proposed scheme removes most of the DDoS traffic while affecting legitimate traffic only slightly. Simulation results based on real-world network topologies (e.g., Skitter) all demonstrate that the proposed technique can improve the throughput of legitimate traffic by 3 to 7 times during DDoS attacks.
The Open Knowledge Kernel

—Web services are pieces of software that can be invoked via a standardized protocol. They can be combined via formalized taskﬂow languages. The OpenKnowledge system is a fully distributed system using P2P technology, that allows users to publish these taskﬂows, and programmers to register their web services or publish implementations of them, for the roles described in these workﬂows. Besides this, the system offers the functionality to select a peer that could coordinate such an interaction model and inform web services when it is their ’turn’. In this paper we describe the architecture and implementation of the OpenKnowledge Kernel which provides the core functionality of the OpenKnowledge system.
Selective inhibition of protein targeting to the apical domain of MDCK cells by brefeldin A

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) is mainly vectorially targeted to the apical surface in MDCK cells. BFA was found to abolish the apical targeting of DPPIV. This BFA effect could be achieved under conditions where the ER to Golgi transport and the total surface expression of DPPIV were essentially unaffected. BFA executed its effect during the transport from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the surface. The inhibition of apical targeting resulted in enhanced mis-targeting to the basolateral surface. The mistargeted DPPIV was transcytosed back to the apical domain only after BFA withdrawal. In contrast, the basolateral targeting of uvomorulin was unaffected by BFA. These results established that the apical targeting of DPPIV was selectively abolished by BFA.
Pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis: different phenotypes

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a frequent and severe complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc). PH in SSc is highly heterogeneous because of the various clinical phenotypes of SSc itself and because the mechanisms of PH can vary from one patient to another. PH in SSc may be due to vasculopathy of the small pulmonary arteries (group 1; pulmonary arterial hypertension), interstitial lung disease (group 3; PH due to lung disease or chronic hypoxia) or myocardial fibrosis leading to left ventricular systolic or diastolic dysfunction (group 2; PH due to chronic left-heart disease). Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease is not uncommon in SSc and may also cause PH in some patients (group 1′). There is a high prevalence of each of these conditions in SSc and, as such, it may be difficult to determine the dominant cause of PH in a particular patient. However, careful phenotyping of PH in SSc is important as the therapy required for each of these underlying conditions is very different. In this review, we will decipher the different phenotypes of SSc-PH. Pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis is heterogeneous with various possible mechanisms http://ow.ly/s98X30f0lcu
On constructing DAG‐schedules with large areas

The Area of a schedule Σ for a directed acyclic graph (DAG) G is a quality metric that measures the rate at which Σ renders G 's nodes eligible for execution. Specifically, AREA(Σ) is the average number of nodes of G that are eligible for execution as Σ executes G node by node. Extensive simulations suggest that, for many distributions of processor availability and power, DAG‐schedules having larger Areas execute DAGs faster on platforms that are dynamically heterogeneous: the platform's processors change power and availability status in unpredictable ways and at unpredictable times. (Clouds and desktop grids exemplify such platforms.) While Area‐maximal schedules can provably be found for everyDAG, efficient generators of such schedules are known only for families of well‐structured DAGs. Our first result shows that the problem of crafting Area‐maximal schedules for general DAGs is NP‐complete, hence likely computationally intractable. We also provide an efficient algorithm that approximates optimal Area to within a factor of 1/(2n) , where n is the number of tasks in the DAG—a factor that is likely interesting only for small DAGs. The lack of efficient Area‐maximizing schedulers for general DAGs has instigated the development of several heuristics for producing DAG‐schedules that have large Areas. We propose a novel polynomial‐time heuristic that produces schedules having quite large Areas; the heuristic is based on the Sidney decomposition of a DAG. (1) Simulations on DAGs having random structure yield the following results. The SIDNEY heuristic produces schedules whose Areas: (a) are at least 85% of maximal; and (b) are at least 1.25 times greater than previously known heuristics. (2) Simulations on DAGs having the structure of random LEGO®;DAGs (as formulated in earlier studies) indicate that the schedules produced by the SIDNEY heuristic have Areas that are at least 1.5 times greater than previously known heuristics. The ‘85%’ result is obtained from formulating the Area‐maximization problem as a linear program (LP); the Areas of DAG‐schedules produced by the SIDNEY heuristic are at least 85% of the Area value produced by the (unrounded) LP. (3) The reported results on random DAGs are essentially matched by a second heuristic, which produces DAG‐schedules by rounding the results of the LP formulation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using keyword spotting to help humans correct captioning faster

Automatic real-time captioning provides immediate and on de-mand access to spoken content in lectures or talks, and is a crucial accommodation for deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) people. However, in the presence of specialized content, like in technical talks, automatic speech recognition (ASR) still makes mistakes which may render the output incomprehensible. In this paper, we introduce a new approach, which allows audience or crowd workers, to quickly correct errors that they spot in ASR output. Prior approaches required the crowd worker to manu-ally “edit” the ASR hypothesis by selecting and replacing the text, which is not suitable for real-time scenarios. Our approach is faster and allows the worker to simply type corrections for misrecognized words as soon as he or she spots them. The system then ﬁnds the most likely position for the correction in the ASR output using keyword search (KWS) and stitches the word into the ASR output. Our work demonstrates the potential of computation to incorporate human input quickly enough to be usable in real-time scenarios, and may be a better method for providing this vital accommodation to DHH people.