Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physico-chemical characteristics of Anopheles culicifacies and Anopheles varuna breeding water in a dry zone stream in Sri Lanka.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Selected physico-chemical characteristics of flowing and pooled water in a stream that generated two malaria vectors, Anopheles culicifacies s.l. Giles and Anopheles varuna Iyengar, were investigated during August-September 1997 and July 1998 at the Upper Yan Oya watershed in north-central Sri Lanka. METHODS The physico-chemical parameters measured were: temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, carbondioxide, ferrous iron, phosphate, colour and turbidity. In total, 75.5% of 151 samples analysed were mosquito-positive. Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Among physico-chemical parameters, An. culicifacies (the major malaria vector in the country) was positively related only to temperature, and An. varuna (a secondary malaria vector) to calcium. Among habitat characteristics, An. culicifacies was associated with light and vegetation, and negatively associated with the presence of potential predators. An. varuna was positively associated with other aquatic fauna. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Surprisingly this detailed study did not find an association between An. culicifacies and dissolved oxygen as previously found in the few studies that have looked at physico-chemical characteristics of malaria vector breeding habitats in south Asia. This study, along with existing information from other studies indicate that most of the physico-chemical parameters measured under natural conditions within the same habitat type is insufficient to explain the distribution of vectors within such habitats. However, it seems likely that both An. culicifacies and An. varuna follow a strategy whereby ovipositing females scatter their eggs over most of or all of a highly temporary and only transiently available stream bed pool habitat, in order to optimise breeding success.
Validez de la evaluación electroencefalográfica en la identificación del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad

En este trabajo se analiza la validez del EEG como prueba anadida en el diagnostico del TDAH asi como de la SNAP-IV, instrumento empleado con frecuencia en atencion primaria para la deteccion de este trastorno. Han participado 108 ninos con edades comprendidas entre 7 y 14 anos, derivados por presentar sintomatologia hiperactiva– atencional. La validez del EEG se ha estimado a partir de la ratio theta/beta y considerando las variables tarea realizada (mirar un punto fijo, leer, escuchar y dibujar) mientras se realizaba la evaluacion y grupo de edad de los menores que han participado. Los resultados muestran indices de sensibilidad y especificidad entre el 70% y el 80%, con una eficacia en la clasificacion real superior al 75%. La edad se establece como un criterio fundamental tanto a la hora de seleccionar la ratio theta/beta mas adecuada, como las tareas a emplear durante la evaluacion. Estos datos avalan la utilidad del EEG en el diagnostico del TDAH.
A review of astigmatism and its possible genesis

Astigmatism is a refractive condition encountered commonly in clinical practice. This review presents an overview of research that has been carried out examining various aspects of this refractive error. We examine the components of astigmatism and the research into the prevalence and natural course of astigmatic refractive errors throughout life. The prevalence of astigmatism in various ethnic groups and diseases and syndromes is also discussed. We highlight the extensive investigations that have been conducted into the possible aetiology of astigmatism, however, no single model or theory of the development of astigmatism has been proven conclusively. Theories of the development of astigmatism based on genetics, extraocular muscle tension, visual feedback and eyelid pressure are considered. Observations and evidence from the literature supporting and contradicting these hypotheses are presented. Recent advances in technology such as wavefront sensors and videokeratoscopes have led to an increased understanding of ocular astigmatism and with continued improvements in technology, our knowledge of astigmatism and its genesis should continue to grow.
Detection and identification of quinonemethide triterpenes in Peritassa campestris by mass spectrometry.

Analysis of tingenone and tingenol quinonemethide triterpenes was made by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) of their trimethylsilyl (TMS) ethers. An extra TMS group, in addition to those predicted from the known structures, is added to these compounds during the derivatization process. The electron impact mass spectra showed base peaks at m/z 549 and 623, respectively, for the TMS derivatives of tingenone and tingenol, and electrospray (ES) and collision-activated dissociation (CAD) studies indicate that these ions correspond to losses of a methyl group from the derivatives studied. A mechanism, based on ES-MS/MS studies, is suggested for the derivatization and fragmentation pattern.
Atención Plena: Validación del Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) en estudiantes universitarios chilenos

This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) in university students from the city of Temuco, Chile (n = 399). The FFMQ is a self-report test consisting of 39 items, which measures the general tendency to proceed with Mindfulness by using five skills: Observation, Description, Acting with Awareness, Non-judging of inner experience and Non-reactivity to inner experience. The design is descriptive correlational of unique group. The results show adequate reliability and Mindfulness association with personality dimensions of the Five Factor Model of Costa and McCrae, with the Self-Actualization of humanistic theories and an inverse relation to negative emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress. Analyzes show that the Chilean version of FFMQ has adequate psychometric properties for use in Chilean university students and discriminates between meditators and non-meditators.
The impact of Folate Pathway Polymorphisms Combined to Nutritional Deficiency As a Maternal Predisposition Factor for Down Syndrome

Polymorphisms in genes encoding folate metabolizing enzymes have been linked to an increased risk of maternal chromosomal nondisjunction in several populations. With the purpose of evaluating this relationship, we compared the frequencies of 677C>T and 1298A>C polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) and 66A>G in the methionine synthase reductase gene (MTRR) between 103 young mothers of Down syndrome (DS) individuals and 108 control mothers, whose offspring was karyotypically normal, correlating it with an estimative of folate and – related micronutrients levels intake. Maternal and paternal transmission frequencies of MTHFR 677T allele were also examined to access potential parent-of-origin effects. PCR-RFLP for genomic DNA was accomplished and allele/genotype frequencies differences were determined using the x2 test, whereas pattern of transmission of the MTHFR 677 allele was analyzed by transmission disequilibrium test. None of the polymorphisms seemed to be more frequent in case mothers than in controls, either individually or combined. The estimative of nutritional intake revealed that folate consumption median was inadequate in both groups, whereas methionine and zinc consumption medians were significantly greater in control mothers. It suggests that such interaction between genetic profile and environment could predispose this sub group of women to have a DS child. Additional studies focusing the interaction between nutritional intakes, biochemical data and folate pathway polymorphisms are needed to confirm the present results. The possibility of neutralize the biochemical negative effects of folate-related polymorphisms through oral supplementation could provide new targets for DS prevention.
Differential Stability The Effects of Acute and Chronic Construct Accessibility on the Temporal Stability of the Implicit Association Test

The current research explored the stability of the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) depending on contextual constraints and chronic accessibility. Two studies incorporated background pictures into the IAT. In Study 1, the 2-week stability of an IAT assessing anxiety was higher when IAT stimuli were embedded in an anxiety-relevant background (e.g., a snake). In Study 2, this context effect could be replicated in the domain of racial attitudes. Moreover, the context effect in Study 2 was especially pronounced for participants with high chronic access to the relevant concept. The results support the assumption that implicit measures like the IAT are sensitive to contextual constraints and that these constraints can be utilized to enhance the stability of the IAT.
Professionalism and Community: Perspectives on Reforming Urban Schools, Karen Seashore Louis and Sharon D. Druse. 1995. Corwin Press, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA. 272 pages. ISBN: 0-8039-6252-5 (hc); 0-8039-6253-3 (pb). $49.95 (hc); $24.95(pb

PART ONE: PROBLEMS AND CONCEPTS Professionalism and Community - Karen Seashore Louis, Sharon D Kruse and Anthony S Bryk What Is It and Why Is It Important in Urban Schools? An Emerging Framework for Analyzing School-Based Professional Community - Sharon D Kruse, Karen Seashore Louis and Anthony S Bryk PART TWO: CASES FROM URBAN SCHOOLS Professional Community and Its Yield at Metro Academy - Mary Anne Raywid Thomas Paine High School - Jean A King and Daniel A Weiss Professional Community in an Unlikely Setting Catalyzing Professional Community in a School Reform Left Behind - Sharon Rollow and Anthony S Bryk Changing the Tire on a Moving Bus - M Peg Lonnquist and Jean A King Barriers to Professional Community at Whitehead School Dewey Middle School - Daniel A Weiss, Karen Seashore Louis and Jeremy Hopkins Getting Past the First Stages of Restructuring PART THREE: REFLECTIONS ON PROFESSIONAL COMMUNITY IN URBAN SCHOOLS Developing Professional Community in New and Restructuring Urban Schools - Sharon D Kruse and Karen Seashore Louis Getting There - Karen Seashore Louis and Sharon D Kruse Promoting Professional Community in Urban Schools
Correlations of allelic imbalance of chromosome 14 with adverse prognostic parameters in 148 renal cell carcinomas

To investigate cumulative genetic alterations during development and progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), we examined DNAs that were isolated from 148 RCCs for allelic imbalance (AI) at four loci on chromosome arm 3p and at 26 loci on chromosome arm 14q by using polymorphic microsatellite markers and densitometric scanning. Because the analysis of solid tumor unbalanced rearrangements remains difficult due to the large proportion of cells that infiltrate from the stroma, we developed a method for the detection and quantification of AI between control and tumor samples by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of microsatellite markers. This technique allows detection down to 20% of contaminating cells with good accuracy. We detected AI on 3p and 14q in 57 and 28% of RCC, respectively. A comparison of genetic changes with clinicopathological data showed that, in marked contrast to AI on 3p, AI on 14q was correlated significantly with the stage and grade of the tumors, with 56 and 58% of RCC in Stage IV and Grade 4, respectively, showing AI. Our results suggest that tumor suppressor genes on 3p, including the von Hippel‐Lindau gene, may be involved in early steps of carcinogenesis in clear cell carcinoma and that AI on 14q may play an important role in the progression of clear cell and papillary chromophilic cell carcinomas. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on 14q may be a new prognostic factor in RCC. Despite the size of the series of tumors and the number of markers used, only rearrangements that involved the whole length of the long arm of chromosome 14 were observed in the present study. The localization of the putative tumor suppressor gene on 14q will require further investigation of RCC with structural rearrangements of 14q. Genes Chromosom Cancer 17:215–224 (1996). © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transactions are Back—but How Di erent They Are? Relating STM and Databases Consistency Conditions (Preliminary Version)

We describe several database consistency conditions that restrict ongoing transactions (which might later be aborted), and relate them to known consistency conditions for transactional memory. In particular, we show that rigorousness is strictly stronger than opacity, but strictness is incomparable to opacity. The same relationships also hold for virtual world consistency. We also show that all non-eager STMs are strict.
Developmental word-finding difficulties and phonological processing: The case of the missing handcuffs

ABSTRACT The case of a 7-year-old boy (Michael) with severe word-finding difficulties is presented. In an attempt to investigate the cause of these difficulties, a series of theoretically motivated questions was used as a framework for psycholinguistic investigation. A range of tasks was administered, including word association, semantic knowledge, auditory discrimination, auditory lexical decision, naming, and real word and nonword repetition. Michael's performance on the tasks was compared with that of controls matched in terms of chronological and vocabulary age. Results revealed significant differences between Michael's performance and that of the control groups. Although he showed no apparent semantic deficit, he did show pervasive deficits in phonological processing.
Maximizing the Therapeutic Potential of HSP90 Inhibitors

HSP90 is required for maintaining the stability and activity of a diverse group of client proteins, including protein kinases, transcription factors, and steroid hormone receptors involved in cell signaling, proliferation, survival, oncogenesis, and cancer progression. Inhibition of HSP90 alters the HSP90-client protein complex, leading to reduced activity, misfolding, ubiquitination, and, ultimately, proteasomal degradation of client proteins. HSP90 inhibitors have demonstrated significant antitumor activity in a wide variety of preclinical models, with evidence of selectivity for cancer versus normal cells. In the clinic, however, the efficacy of this class of therapeutic agents has been relatively limited to date, with promising responses mainly observed in breast and lung cancer, but no major activity seen in other tumor types. In addition, adverse events and some significant toxicities have been documented. Key to improving these clinical outcomes is a better understanding of the cellular consequences of inhibiting HSP90 that may underlie treatment response or resistance. This review considers the recent progress that has been made in the study of HSP90 and its inhibitors and highlights new opportunities to maximize their therapeutic potential. Mol Cancer Res; 13(11); 1445–51. ©2015 AACR.
Identification of Core Alpha 1,3-Fucosyltransferase Gene From Silkworm: An Insect Popularly Used to Express Mammalian Proteins

Silkworm has great potential as production system of recombinant mammalian proteins. When the protein products are used for medical purpose, it is required to reduce the risk of an allergy, the content of core alpha 1,3-fucosyl residue attached to the N-glycan of proteins, for example. We isolated the gene of an enzyme responsible for the transfer of core alpha 1,3-fucosyl residue, core alpha 1,3-fucosyltransferase (Fuc-T C3), from silkworm. A candidate cDNA for silkworm Fuc-T C3 was isolated as a homolog of the fruit fly enzyme gene fucTA. The gene was located on chromosome 7 of the silkworm genome and was composed of seven exons, which spanned approximately 10 kb on the genome. The coding region of the gene was 1,350 bp and encoded a 450-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of 52.2 kDa. Deduced amino acid sequence of the coding region showed one transmembrane domain in its N-terminal and typical motifs common to fucosyltransferases including Fuc-T C3s of other organisms in its C-terminal. The extract of CHO cells transfected with the cDNA showed Fuc-T C3 activity using GDP-fucose and DABS-GnGn peptide as substrates. These results showed this cDNA clone actually encodes silkworm Fuc-T C3.
‘That is not religion, that is the gods’: Ways of conceiving religious practices in rural Ghana

The increasing interest within development studies in religion is largely based on notions of ‘faith communities’ and ‘belief systems’: that people – especially ‘religious’ people – operate within discrete and coherent systems of belief. An emphasis on belief, however, is not universal, either across religions or across cultures. This paper draws on ethnographic data from a study of churches in rural Ghana to explore whether such frameworks are appropriate for understanding religious practices. Using insights from medical anthropology, it suggests that in this context the basis of ‘religious’ engagement is not belief as a conscious decision to adhere to a recognisably disputable notion. Rather, theoretical knowledge is preceded by practice, and continuity between the physical and the spiritual means that powers such as spirits are not ‘believed in’ (or disbelieved) but accepted as indisputable facts. Although people may identify with a particular religion such as Christianity, they live in a landscape of different ‘religious’ and ‘non-religious’ powers, with which they engage largely on a pragmatic level, entailing eclecticism, multiplicity and fluidity rather than full adherence to one discrete belief system. Thus, not only are assumed boundaries between religious groups and cosmologies challenged; but categories and oppositions used by development theoreticians and practitioners such as ‘religious/secular’ are also called into question.
The Governance of Corporate Forensics Using COBIT, NIST and Increased Automated Forensic Approaches

Today, the ability to investigate internal matters such as policy violations, regulatory compliance, and employee separation has become important in order for corporations to manage risk. The degree of information security threats evolving on a daily basis has increasingly raised concerns for enterprise organizations. These threats include but are not limited to fraud, insider threat and intellectual property (IP) theft. These have increased the demand for organizations to implement corporate forensics as a deterrent to illegitimate acts or for linking perpetrators to their illegitimate acts. This explains why forensic practices are expanding from the traditional role in law enforcement and becoming an essential part of business processes. However, most organizations may not be maximizing the benefits of corporate forensic capabilities because of lack of corporate forensic governance best practices, needed to ensure organizations prepare their operating environment for digital forensic investigation. Corporate forensic governance will help ensure that digital evidence is obtained in an efficient and effective way with minimal interruption to the business. This paper presents a corporate forensic governance framework intended to enhance forensic readiness, governance, and management, and increase the use of automated forensic techniques and in-house forensically sound practices in large organizations that have a need for these practices.
A secure execution framework for Java

The Java platform facilitates to dynamically load and execute code from remote sources which can threaten the security and integrity of a system and the privacy of its users. To address these problems, Java includes a security architecture which is based on a closed policy model. Although this model is su cient to specify arbitrary policies, it easily may become cumbersome to use and is not well-suited for administering a consistent security policy for a complete network. The Java Secure Execution Framework (JSEF) overcomes these drawbacks: it introduces higher-level abstractions which enhance the expressiveness of policy rules; it simpli es the maintenance of security con gurations; and it provides additional functionality and tools to make administration less error-prone. In JSEF we propose a hybrid policy model which supports additive and subtractive permissions with a denial-take-precedence rule to resolve conicts. Security pro les can be expressed in terms of hierarchical groups where a subgroup inherits the policy de ned by its parent. All members of a group share the same set of permissions and users can be members of an arbitrary number of groups. JSEF's administrative model supports the de nition of a network-wide policy which users can tailor to their needs but not break. At runtime JSEF enforces the de ned security policy and supports security negotiation in case of insu cient permissions. A set of graphical tools supports the user in de ning security policies and con guring JSEF.
A tree-approach Pauli decomposition algorithm with application to quantum computing

The Pauli matrices are 2-by-2 matrices that are very useful in quantum computing. They can be used as elementary gates in quantum circuits but also to decompose any matrix of $\mathbb{C}^{2^n \times 2^n}$ as a linear combination of tensor products of the Pauli matrices. However, the computational cost of this decomposition is potentially very expensive since it can be exponential in $n$. In this paper, we propose an algorithm with a parallel implementation that optimizes this decomposition using a tree approach to avoid redundancy in the computation while using a limited memory footprint. We also explain how some particular matrix structures can be exploited to reduce the number of operations. We provide numerical experiments to evaluate the sequential and parallel performance of our decomposition algorithm and we illustrate how this algorithm can be applied to encode matrices in a quantum memory.
Capacity of a Nonlinear Optical Channel With Finite Memory

The channel capacity of a nonlinear, dispersive fiber-optic link is revisited. To this end, the popular Gaussian noise (GN) model is extended with a parameter to account for the finite memory of realistic fiber channels. This finite-memory model is harder to analyze mathematically but, in contrast to previous models, it is valid also for nonstationary or heavy-tailed input signals. For uncoded transmission and standard modulation formats, the new model gives the same results as the regular GN model when the memory of the channel is about ten symbols or more. These results confirm previous results that the GN model is accurate for uncoded transmission. However, when coding is considered, the results obtained using the finite-memory model are very different from those obtained by previous models, even when the channel memory is large. In particular, the peaky behavior of the channel capacity, which has been reported for numerous nonlinear channel models, appears to be an artifact of applying models derived for independent input in a coded (i.e., dependent) scenario.