Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pathophysiology of Hypertension Analysis of responses to the TRPV 4 agonist GSK 1016790 A in the pulmonary vascular bed of the intact-chest rat

Pankey EA, Zsombok A, Lasker GF, Kadowitz PJ. Analysis of responses to the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A in the pulmonary vascular bed of the intact-chest rat. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 306: H33–H40, 2014. First published November 1, 2013; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00303. 2013. —The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel is a nonselective cation channel expressed on many cell types, including the vascular endothelium and smooth muscle cells. TRPV4 channels play a role in regulating vasomotor tone and capillary permeability. The present study was undertaken to investigate responses to the TRPV4 agonist GSK101790A on the pulmonary and systemic vascular beds in the rat. Intravenous injection of GSK1016790A at doses of 2–10 g/kg produced dose-dependent decreases in systemic arterial pressure, small decreases in pulmonary arterial pressure, and small increases in cardiac output, and responses were not altered by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor meclofenamate or the cytochrome P-450 inhibitor miconazole. Injection of GSK1016790A at a dose of 12 g/kg iv produced cardiovascular collapse that was reversible in some animals. GSK1016790A produced dose-related decreases in pulmonary and systemic arterial pressure when baseline tone in the pulmonary vascular bed was increased with U-46619. After treatment with the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, GSK1016790A produced larger decreases in systemic arterial pressure and dose-dependent increases in pulmonary arterial pressure followed by a small decrease. These results demonstrate that GSK1016790A has vasodilator activity in pulmonary and systemic vascular beds and that when NOS is inhibited, GSK1016790A produced pulmonary vasoconstrictor responses that were attenuated by the L-type Ca channel antagonist isradipine. The presence of TRPV4 immunoreactivity was observed in small pulmonary arteries and airways. The present data indicate that responses to TRPV4 are modulated differently by NOS in pulmonary and systemic vascular beds and are attenuated by the TRPV4 antagonist GSK2193874.
Epilepsy Surgery in Infancy

It has been demonstrated that intractable seizures in children can be eliminated or become more responsive to anticonvulsant medication after surgical resection of the epileptogenic focus or dysfunctional hemisphere. We describe our surgical experience with 4 infants treated at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta Egleston Hospital between 1994 and 2002. All infants, ranging in age from 5 to 9 months, presented with severe seizure disorders and failed trials of anticonvulsants. All had preoperative EEG monitoring and MRI studies; 2 had PET functional imaging. One infant underwent a temporal resection for a low-grade glioma. The rest had cortical resections for malformations and dysplasia. All had improvement, with 2 infants free of seizures off medication. We argue for early intervention in severe cases, as the potential for recovery can be dramatic.
Secure handover in enterprise WLANs: capwap, hokey, and IEEE 802.11R

As wireless LANs become more and more ubiquitous, the number and types of applications they support are ever increasing. As realtime performance requirements begin to emerge, the latency involved in a handover from one access point to another becomes crucial. CAPWAP and HOKEY are two suites of protocols being defined and standardized within the IETF that include support for fast handover. IEEE 802.11R is implementing extensions to the IEEE 802.11 base specification to directly support fast handover in the MAC protocol. This article details all three protocols, and compares their relative security properties, performance, and use cases.
Stage-III and -IV endometrial cancer: A single oncology centre review of 104 cases

The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of advanced endometrial cancer (EC). Patients who underwent surgery for advanced EC between January 1995 and December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with missing data, concurrent cancers or uterine sarcomas and those who did not undergo surgery were excluded. The effects of clinicopathological factors on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. A total of 104 patients were included. Most presented with endometrioid histology (74%) and stage-III disease (87.5%), and 76.9% underwent optimal cytoreduction. A multivariate analysis confirmed that lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) is an independent poor prognostic factor for PFS [odds ratio (OR): 21.37, p = 0.005] and OS [OR: 8.09, p = 0.044]. Suboptimal cytoreduction is another independent poor prognostic factor for PFS [OR: 5.68, p < 0.001]. Our study demonstrated that LVSI and optimal cytoreduction are the most significant factors affecting the survival of advanced EC patients.
Chronic muco-cutaneous candidiasis and oral neoplasia

Two patients with chronic muco-cutaneous candidiasis who subsequently developed oral neoplasia are presented. In both cases the tumours appeared in the fourth decade of life. The natural history of these tumours was not unique but varied from the norm. In one patient there was an obvious propensity for metastasis; in the other, three separate tumours evolved. An argument could be made to link the unusual features evident in these two cases with the state of altered immunity known to occur in chronic muco-cutaneous candidiasis, although the suggestion is speculative.
[Polymorphisms of ERCC1 gene and outcomes in epithelial ovarian cancer patients with platinum-based chemotherapy].

OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship among single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of excision repair cross-complementing 1(ERCC1) gene, chemotherapy sensitivity and clinical outcomes of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients treated with platinum. METHODS Six tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNP;rs11615, rs3212986, rs735482, rs3212955, rs12610134 and rs3212958) were chose from ERCC1 gene. The genotypes of 6 tagSNP were determined by Snapshot method in 220 EOC patients. Primary clinical outcomes parameter contained EOC patients' responses to platinum-based chemotherapy, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analysed. RESULTS The rs11615 C/T SNP of ERCC1, CC, CT and TT genotype frequencies were 53.1%, 45.6%, 1.4% in responders to platinum-based chemotherapy, while 52.0%, 35.6%, 12.3% in non-responders, respectively, in which there was significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.002) . Compared with the patients with CC genotype, the patients carrying TT genotype had a significantly poor response to platinum-based chemotherapy (OR = 6.22, 95%CI:1.12-34.42). Similarly, the genotypes frequencies distribution of rs11615 C/T SNP of ERCC1 was different between the recurrence and non-recurrence group, death and survival group (all P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the genotypes frequencies distribution of rs11615 C/T SNP of ERCC1 was associated with PFS and OS (P < 0.01) of EOC patients. Cox's multivariate analysis suggested that patients with TT genotype had a shorter PFS (HR = 2.19, 95%CI:1.14-4.22, P = 0.009) and OS (HR = 2.22, 95%CI:1.06-4.64, P = 0.021) compared with those carrying CC genotype [adjusting for age, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, pathological type, grade and tumor residual size]. The genotypes frequencies distribution of rs3212986, rs735482, rs3212955, rs12610134 and rs3212958 SNP of ERCC1 did not show the significant difference between the responders to platinum-based chemotherapy and non-responders. The other 5 tagSNP may not be associated with the PFS and OS of EOC patients (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The rs11615 SNP of ERCC1 may become a valuable prognostic biomarker for EOC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.
Replication Cycle and Molecular Biology of the West Nile Virus

West Nile virus (WNV) is a member of the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae. Flaviviruses replicate in the cytoplasm of infected cells and modify the host cell environment. Although much has been learned about virion structure and virion-endosomal membrane fusion, the cell receptor(s) used have not been definitively identified and little is known about the early stages of the virus replication cycle. Members of the genus Flavivirus differ from members of the two other genera of the family by the lack of a genomic internal ribosomal entry sequence and the creation of invaginations in the ER membrane rather than double-membrane vesicles that are used as the sites of exponential genome synthesis. The WNV genome 3' and 5' sequences that form the long distance RNA-RNA interaction required for minus strand initiation have been identified and contact sites on the 5' RNA stem loop for NS5 have been mapped. Structures obtained for many of the viral proteins have provided information relevant to their functions. Viral nonstructural protein interactions are complex and some may occur only in infected cells. Although interactions between many cellular proteins and virus components have been identified, the functions of most of these interactions have not been delineated.
Microgravity environment and compensatory: Decompensatory phases for intracranial hypertension form new perspectives to explain mechanism underlying communicating hydrocephalus and its related disorders

The pathogenesis underlying communicating hydrocephalus has been centered on impaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) outflow secondary to abnormal CSF pulsation and venous hypertension. Hydrodynamic theory of hydrocephalus fares better than traditional theory in explaining the possible mechanisms underlying communicating hydrocephalus. Nonetheless, hydrodynamic theory alone could not fully explain some conditions that have ventriculomegaly but without hydrocephalus. By revisiting brain buoyancy from a fresher perspective, called microgravity environment of the brain, introducing wider concepts of anatomical and physiological compensatory-decompensatory phases for a persistent raise in intracranial pressure, and along with combining these two concepts with the previously well-accepted concepts of Monro-Kellie doctrine, intracranial hypertension, cerebral blood flow, cerebral perfusion pressure, brain compliance and elasticity, cerebral autoregulation, blood-brain and blood-CSF barriers, venous and cardiopulmonary hypertension, Windkessel phenomenon, and cerebral pulsation, we provide plausible explanations to the pathogenesis for communicating hydrocephalus and its related disorders.
Perspectives on lifestyle intervention: The views of general practitioners who have taken part in a health promotion study

Aim: A study was carried out to discover the views of Danish general practitioners on the possibility of intervening in their patients' lifestyles in general and on the obstacles to doing so, based on their experience of participating in a health promotion study. Method: A focus group interview was conducted with five general practitioners who had participated in ``The Ebeltoft Health Promotion Study'' to assess their views on their preventive role. Results: The general practitioners have internalized the view advanced by society and the medical profession that they have an important role to play in preventing lifestyle-related illness. However, they are sceptical about the effectiveness of intervention and have ethical concerns about giving lifestyle advice. They are also somewhat irritated by the fact that patients are chiefly interested in having their health checked, rather than in following up by changing their behaviour. The general practitioners differ in their views as to when, and how actively, they should initiate discussions with individual patients to encourage them to change their lifestyles. Conclusions: If the medical profession and those responsible for overall health policy wish to make general practitioners change their behaviour towards their patients, it is important that they understand the aims, values, and working conditions of general practitioners that underlie their present attitudes and behaviour.
Enabling Adaptive Autonomy : Brain & Body Sensing for Adaptive Vehicles

Introduction The promise of advanced autonomous capabilities in vehicles has potentially game-changing implications for drivers and passengers on the road. As the role of the driver in the system moves from direct control of the vehicle to a more supervisory role, the possibilities for in-vehicle experiences open, as do the safety implications. To enable appropriate adaptive behavior of the in-vehicle technology and autonomy mechanisms, we aim to understand the changing cognitive state of the driver through detection of natural physiological and brain signals occurring during driving. Through simulator and on-road studies of drivers performing secondary tasks during driving, we have developed models to identify user cognitive state based on physiology, brain signals and driver metrics. Here, we focus on the integration of functional near-infrared spectroscopy brain sensing into our sensing platform and the steps so far to identify patterns related to cognitive workload. This work is a step towards real-time detection of the driver’s changing cognitive state, which can be used to enable appropriate adaptive vehicle autonomy and adaptive user experiences.
Mathematical Study and Numerical Simulation of Multispectral Bioluminescence Tomography

Multispectral bioluminescence tomography (BLT) attracts increasingly more attention in the area of optical molecular imaging. In this paper, we analyze the properties of the solutions to the regularized and discretized multispectral BLT problems. First, we show the solution existence, uniqueness, and its continuous dependence on the data. Then, we introduce stable numerical schemes and derive error estimates for numerical solutions. We report some numerical results to illustrate the performance of the numerical methods on the quality of multispectral BLT reconstruction.
SMALL: A Strategy-proof Mechanism for radio spectrum allocation

With the growing deployment of wireless communication technologies, radio spectrum is becoming a scarce resource. Thus mechanisms to efficiently allocate the available spectrum are of interest. In this paper, we model the radio spectrum allocation problem as a sealed-bid reserve auction, and propose SMALL, which is a Strategy-proof Mechanism for radio spectrum ALLocation. Furthermore, we extend SMALL to adapt to multi-radio spectrum buyers, which can bid for more than one radio.
Prevalence of Gastric Motility Disorders in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia

Background/Aims Gastric motility abnormalities have been considered to be pathophysiological features of functional dyspepsia (FD) that are closely related to dyspepsia symptoms, especially postprandial distress syndrome (PDS). The aims of this study are to (1) investigate the prevalence of gastric motility disorders and (2) evaluate the association between gastric motility abnormalities and dyspeptic symptoms using gastric scintigraphy in the PDS type of FD. Methods Forty healthy subjects and 94 PDS type FD patients were enrolled in the study. The volunteers and patients ingested a radiolabeled (technetium-99m) solid test meal, and scintigraphic images were recorded. Gastric accommodation and emptying were assessed by scintigraphic imaging. The patients’ dyspeptic symptoms were also explored using self-completed symptom questionnaires with 10 variables (4 scales, 0–3 points) at the same time. Results In 94 Japanese FD patients, the prevalence of impaired gastric accommodation and delayed emptying were 14.9% (14/94) and 10.6% (10/94), respectively. Gastric motility abnormalities were seen in 25.5% (24/94) of FD patients. There was no association between gastric motility abnormalities and dyspeptic symptoms. Conclusions Gastric motility abnormalities were seen in 25.5% of Japanese PDS type FD patients. However, there was no association between gastric motility abnormalities and dyspeptic symptoms on gastric scintigraphy.
Ephrin-As and Patterned Retinal Activity Act Together in the Development of Topographic Maps in the Primary Visual System

The development of topographic maps in the primary visual system is thought to rely on a combination of EphA/ephrin-A interactions and patterned neural activity. Here, we characterize the retinogeniculate and retinocollicular maps of mice mutant for ephrins-A2, -A3, and -A5 (the three ephrin-As expressed in the mouse visual system), mice mutant for the β2 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (that lack early patterned retinal activity), and mice mutant for both ephrin-As and β2. We also provide the first comprehensive anatomical description of the topographic connections between the retina and the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. We find that, although ephrin-A2/A3/A5 triple knock-out mice have severe mapping defects in both projections, they do not completely lack topography. Mice lacking β2-dependent retinal activity have nearly normal topography but fail to refine axonal arbors. Mice mutant for both ephrin-As and β2 have synergistic mapping defects that result in a near absence of map in the retinocollicular projection; however, the retinogeniculate projection is not as severely disrupted as the retinocollicular projection is in these mutants. These results show that ephrin-As and patterned retinal activity act together to establish topographic maps, and demonstrate that midbrain and forebrain connections have a differential requirement for ephrin-As and patterned retinal activity in topographic map development.
Investigating the Resilience of Unstructured Supernode Networks

In this letter, we present a novel analytical framework to analyze the resilience of Unstructured Supernode Networks (USNs), where a "leaf" node can be promoted, after a fixed time interval, to the role of "supernode," with non-preferential attachment to a given number of existing supernodes. In particular, relying on an Absorbing Markov Chain (AMC)-based model of a supernode behavior, we derive an efficient approximation of the node degree distribution of an USN. This model also allows to estimate a supernode's probability of isolation. The proposed analytical framework is validated by simulation results.
Low-Power Network Standby in the Home and Office

Offices have long been networked, but the home is becoming an increasingly electronic and networked place. As the public demands (and governments mandate) an energy-efficient home, and everything from TVs to printers and refrigerators becomes networked, the energy consumption of these devices becomes critical. Most of these networked edge devices spend the majority of their time idle, but still need to remain present on the network. This creates the need for a new energy conservation technique—minimizing power while network-connected and idle—but the devices still need to be ready to respond at a moment’s notice. This paper analyzes the nature of embedded computing systems, reviewing system-level power optimizations to minimize network standby power. Then, in the context of low-power embedded systems in the home and office, we investigate and propose three ways to handle the network traffic at the heart of a lowpower network standby system—packet classification, packet accumulation and autorespond proxies.
DREAM-(L)G: A Distributed Grouping-Based Algorithm for Resource Assignment for Bandwidth-Intensive Applications in the Cloud

Increasingly, many bandwidth-intensive applications have been ported to the cloud platform. In practice, however, some disadvantages including equipment failures, bandwidth overload and long-distance transmission often damage the QoS about data availability, bandwidth provision and access locality respectively. While some recent solutions have been proposed to cope with one or two of disadvantages, but not all. Moreover, as the number of data objects scales, most of the current offline algorithms solving a constraint optimization problem suffer from low computational efficiency. To overcome these problems, in this paper we propose an approach that aims to make fully efficient use of the cloud resources to enable bandwidth-intensive applications to achieve the desirable level of SLA-specified QoS mentioned above cost-effectively and timely. First we devise a constraint-based model that describes the relationship among data object placement, user cells bandwidth allocation, operating costs and QoS constraints. Second, we use the distributed heuristic algorithm, called DREAM-L, that solves the model and produces a budget solution to meet SLA-specified QoS. Third, we propose an object-grouping technique that is integrated into DREAM-L, called DREAM-LG, to significantly improve the computational efficiency of our algorithm. The results of hundreds of thousands of simulation-based experiments demonstrate that DREAM-LG provides much better data availability, bandwidth provision and access locality than the state-of-the-art solutions at modest cloud operating costs and within a small and acceptable range of time.
Risk factors for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a case-control study in China.

AIM To study the association between hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC) and pre-existing medical conditions. METHODS Three hundred and thirteen HC patients admitted to the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital (Shanghai, China) in 2000-2005 and 608 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Association between HC and pre-existing medical conditions was studied with their adjusted odds ratio (OR) calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of choledocholithiasis (adjusted OR = 2.704, P = 0.039), hepatolithiasis (adjusted OR = 3.278, P = 0.018), cholecystolithiasis (adjusted OR = 4.499, P < 0.0001), cholecystectomy (adjusted OR = 7.012, P = 0.004), biliary ascariasis (adjusted OR = 7.188, P = 0.001), liver fluke (adjusted OR = 10.088, P = 0.042) and liver schistosomiasis (adjusted OR = 9.913, P = 0.001) was higher in HC patients than in healthy controls. CONCLUSION Biliary tract stone disease (choledocholithiasis, hepatolithiasis, cholecystolithiasis) and parasitic liver disease (biliary ascariasis, liver fluke, liver schistosomiasis) are the risk factors for HC in Chinese population.
Analysis of memristor based model reference adaptive controller (MRACs)

In this paper, for the first time, we propose an adaptive controller based on a new electrical element “Memristor” which will not only improve the system stability and performance, but also maintain that stability for a longer time, irrespective of different perturbation factors. Memristor changes its resistance on changing voltage or current through it which makes our proposed stability controller more flexible during runtime, compared to traditional stability controller. To illustrate this, a highly unstable plant is taken as an example which demands continuous stability for a long duration. The output results are demonstrated by simulation results and are verified by mathematical reasoning to support the unusual and unexpected characteristics.