Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Online Recognition of Fallen-Off Bond Wires in IGBT Modules

As a core component of power conversion systems, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules continually suffer from severe thermal damage caused by temperature swings and shear stress, resulting in fatigue failure. Bond wires falling off is one of the failure modes of IGBT modules. Given that the number of fallen-off bond wires is a significant parameter to evaluate the health status of the IGBT modules, this paper proposes an online identification model to recognize the number of fallen-off bond wires during normal operation. Firstly, a database containing datum Vce,on−Tj−IC (collector–emitter on-state voltage Vce,on, chip junction temperature Tj, collector current IC) planes with different fallen-off bond wires is built based on an offline aging test. Secondly, a Foster network model and a special circuit are designed to measure the junction temperature Tj and the collector–emitter on-state voltage Vce,on, respectively. Thirdly, the feature points of the IGBT module represented by Vce,on, Tj, and IC are given to the database to recognize the number of fallen-off bond wires according to the position of the feature points in the datum plane. The experimental results show that the proposed method can determine the fallen-off bond wires under the operation condition.
Towards on line monitoring the evolution of the myocardium infarction scar with an implantable electrical impedance spectrum monitoring system

The human heart tissue has a limited capacity for regeneration. Tissue and cellular therapies based on the use of stem cells may be useful alternatives to limit the size of myocardial infarction. In this paper, the preliminary results from an experimental campaign for on-line monitoring of myocardium scar infarction are presented. This study has been carried out under a research project that has as main objective the development and application of a bioactive patch implant for regeneration of myocardial infarction. Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) has been chosen as a tissue state monitoring technique. What is presented in this communication is the first results of an implantable EIS measurement system which has been implanted in a subset of the animals corresponding to the control group, along one month. In all the animals, the myocardial infarction was induced by the ligation of the first circumflex marginal artery. In the animal group presented, the bioactive patch scaffold and the electrodes were implanted without the stem cells load. The scaffold is a piece of decellularized human pericardium, lyophilized and rehydrated with hydrogel RAD16-I. Nanogold particles were also placed near the electrodes to improve the electrode area conductivity. The results presented correspond to the subset of animals (n= 5), which had implanted the bioimpedance system monitoring the electrical impedance spectrum in vivo during 1 month. Two electrodes were connected to the bioactive patch implant. A total of 14 logarithmically spaced frequencies were measured every 5 minutes, from 100 Hz to 200 kHz. Results show a convergence of low-frequency and high frequency impedance magnitudes along the measurement period, which is coherent with the scar formation.
Two features combination with gated recurrent unit for visual speech recognition

Recently, deep learning has attracted in the visual speech recognition (VSR) field, however, most of approaches use single feature. This paper proposes two features; image-based feature by autoencoder, and motion-based feature based on feature points, and combination approach with gated recurrent unit for VSR task. The proposed method was evaluated on a public dataset Oulu VS, and the speaker independent setting was carried out. Compared with the state-of-the-art, our method obtained the highest accuracy.
Electrospun L-Lysine/Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Loaded Core-Sheath Nanofibers for Managing Oral Biofilm Infections and Promoting Periodontal Tissue Repairment

Introduction Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease prevalent worldwide, is primarily treated through GTR for tissue regeneration. The efficacy of GTR, however, remains uncertain due to potential infections and the intricate microenvironment of periodontal tissue. Herein, We developed a novel core-shell structure multifunctional membrane using a dual-drug-loaded coaxial electrospinning technique (Lys/ACP-CNF), contains L-lysine in the outer layer to aid in controlling biofilms after GTR regenerative surgery, and ACP in the inner layer to enhance osteogenic performance for accelerating alveolar bone repair. Methods The biocompatibility and cell adhesion were evaluated through CCK-8 and fluorescence imaging, respectively. The antibacterial activity was assessed using a plate counting assay. ALP, ARS, and RT-qPCR were used to examine osteogenic differentiation. Additionally, an in vivo experiment was conducted on a rat model with acute periodontal defect and infection. Micro-CT and histological analysis were utilized to analyze the in vivo alveolar bone regeneration. Results Structural and physicochemical characterization confirmed the successful construction of the core-shell fibrous structure. Additionally, the Lys/ACP-CNF showed strong antibacterial coaggregation effects and induced osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in vitro. The in vivo experiment confirmed that Lys/ACP-CNF promotes new bone formation. Conclusion Lys/ACP-CNF rapidly exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, protected PDLSCs from infection, and was conducive to osteogenesis, demonstrating its potential application for clinical periodontal GTR surgery.
Evaluation of the effects of systemic treatment with a sclerostin neutralizing antibody on bone repair in a rat femoral defect model

Systemic administration of a sclerostin neutralizing antibody (Scl‐Ab) has been shown to enhance fracture callus density and strength in several animal models. In order to further evaluate the potential of Scl‐Ab to improve healing in a bone defect model, we evaluated Scl‐Ab in a 3 mm femoral defect in young male outbred rats. Scl‐Ab was given either continuously for 6 or 12 weeks after surgery or with 2 weeks of delay for 10 weeks. Bone formation was assessed by radiographs, µ‐CT, and histology. Complete bony union was achieved in only a few defects after 12 weeks of healing (Scl‐Ab treated 5/30, vehicle treated 1/15). µ‐CT evaluation demonstrated a significant increase in the BV/TV in the defect in the delayed treatment group (65%, p < 0.05), but a non‐significant increase in the continuous group (35%, p = 0.11) compared to control. However, both regimens induced an anabolic response in the bone proximal and distal to the defect and in the un‐operated femurs. We demonstrate that treatment with Scl‐Ab can enhance bone repair in a bone defect and in the surrounding host bone, but lacks the osteoinductive activity to heal it. This agent seems to be most effective in bone repair scenarios where there is cortical integrity. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:197–203, 2014.
Secure strategic mail application with hardware device

With the growth of technology most of the sensitive data transactions are happening over the internet, which has to be protected against unauthorized access. The design and development of a Secure Hardware Token (SHT), is explained in this paper, which will protect the sensitive data from most of the threats, As it generates the highly secure onetime passwords (Time based OTP) [2] ensuring that only legitimate users are authorized to access sensitive data/applications and the SHT will perform cryptographic functionalities [7] like Key Generation (RSA), Digital Signature creation, Signature verification, Encryption, Decryption & Hashing techniques. Since all the functionalities are happening in Hardware token there is no risk of Operating System dependent vulnerabilities. SHT will also act as secure USB Storage device, which stores Private Key of the respective user securely. In this paper, a Secure Mail application is shown, which makes use of SHT to perform authentication of the user(for login with OTP) to do all the cryptographic operations for Secure mail application system. Such types of applications are needed where highly confidential data flows across the public network.
Dystonia as a presenting sign of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1

We report on a 39‐year‐old man who presented initially with marked blepharospasm, oromandibular dystonia and retrocollis and one year later developed mild ataxia. Our findings suggest that dystonia can be a disabling presenting sign of SCA1 and support the clinical heterogeneity of SCA1, highlighting the importance of considering this entity in patients combining dystonia and cerebellar ataxia. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Providing the Caribbean Community with VIIRS-Derived Weather Satellite and Dust Model Output in Preparation for African Dust Impacts

Acknowledgements: This project is sponsored by NOAA-JPSS: a two year effort to investigate SAL phenomenology and provide the National Weather Service in San Juan, Puerto Rico with environmental resources to assess and predict SAL events in timely fashion . These products are intended to augment their suite of AWIPS-II resources. We also wish to acknowledge Dr. Joseph Prospero & Dr. Brent Holben for use of their AERONET resources. Set of resources that monitor the dusty SAL event before, during , and after its passage through Ragged Pt (RP). Times for all plots are focused on 12Z for each day. (a) NAAPS dust model forecasts, (b) Sfc based lidar profiles featuring SAL-related dust in middle panel, (c) vertical profile of aerosol extinction with annotated arrow relating SAL dust feature, (d) Skew-T plots identifying SAL profile in middle panel(red dashed lines), and (e) AERONET profiles highlighting peak AOT value during SAL passage at ~12Z on 25 June. www.nrlmry. navy.mil/SAL.html
BASC, a Bottom-up Approach to automated design of Spatial Coordination

The design of spatial coordination mechanisms for a group of agents is a challenging problem to which the top-down approach of traditional Artificial Intelligence often fails to find convincing solutions. Bottom-up approaches have given more promising results, but they often rely on a tedious manual hand-crafting that raises scalability issues. In this paper, we show that combining a bottom-up spatial coordination mechanisms with specially designed evolutionary methods to search the space of solutions is an efficient approach to such problems. More precisely, we show the benefits of our platform, BASC, through a quantitative comparison with previous work published by Balch and Hybinette and we conclude on the methodological issues raised by our work.
Anthrax Toxin

Anthrax is primarily a disease of herbivores caused by Gram-positive, aerobic, spore-forming Bacillus anthracis. Humans are accidental hosts through the food of animal origin and animal products. Anthrax is prevelant in most parts of the globe, and cases of anthrax have been reported from almost every country. Three forms of the disease have been recognized: cutaneous (through skin), gastrointestinal (through alimentary tract), and pulmonary (by inhalation of spores). The major virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis are a poly-D glutamic acid capsule and a three-component protein exotoxin. The genes coding for the toxin and the enzymes responsible for capsule production are carried on plasmid pXO1 and pXO2, respectively. The three proteins of the exotoxin are protective antigen (PA, 83 kDa), lethal factor (LF, 90 kDa), and edema factor (EF, 89 kDa). The toxins follow the A-B model with PA being the B moeity and LF/EF, the alternative A moeities. LF and EF are individually nontoxic, but in combination with PA form two toxins causing different pathogenic responses in animals and cultured cells. PA + LF forms the lethal toxin and PA + EF forms the edema toxin. During the process of intoxication, PA binds to the cell surface receptor and is cleaved at the sequence RKKR (167) by cell surface proteases such as furin generating a cell-bound, C-terminal 63 kDa protein (PA63). PA63 possesses a binding site to which LF or EF bind with high affinity. The complex is then internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Acidification of the vesicle leads to instertion of PA63 into the endosomal membrane and translocation of LF/EF across the bilayer into the cytosol where they exert their toxic effects. EF has a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase activity. Recent reports indicate that LF is a protease that cleaves the amino terminus of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases 1 and 2 (MAPKK1 and 2), and this cleavage inactivates MAPKK1 and thus inhibits the mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathway. We describe in detail the studies so far done on unraveling the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of Bacillus anthracis.
Functional Analysis of the Helicobacter pylori cag Pathogenicity Island Reveals Both VirD4-CagA-Dependent and VirD4-CagA-Independent Mechanisms

ABSTRACT The type IV secretion machinery encoded by the cag pathogenicity island (PAI) of Helicobacter pylori has been implicated in a series of host responses during infection. Here, we analyzed the function of 12 cag PAI genes from both cag I and cag II loci, including the complete virB/D complex (virB4, virB7, virB8, virB9, virB10, virB11, and virD4). We monitored interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion, CagA translocation and tyrosine phosphorylation, and induction of a scattering (“hummingbird”) phenotype upon H. pylori infection of AGS gastric epithelial cells. For the first time, we have complemented individual cag PAI gene knockout mutants with their intact genes expressed from a shuttle vector and showed that complemented CagA and VirD4 restored wild-type function. Our results demonstrate that phenotypic changes and phosphorylation of CagA depended on all virB/D genes and several other genes of the cag PAI. Induction of IL-8 secretion depended largely on the same set of genes but was independent of CagA and VirD4. Thus, CagA translocation and induction of IL-8 secretion are regulated by VirD4-CagA-dependent and VirD4-CagA-independent mechanisms, respectively. The function of VirD4 as a possible adapter protein which guides CagA into the type IV secretion channel is presented in a model.
Responses in early visual areas to contour integration are context dependent

It has been shown that early visual areas are involved in contour processing. However, it is not clear how local and global context interact to influence responses in those areas, nor has the interarea coordination that yields coherent structural percepts been fully studied, especially in human observers. In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure activity in early visual cortex while observers performed a contour detection task in which alignment of Gabor elements and background clutter were manipulated. Six regions of interest (two regions, containing either the cortex representing the target or the background clutter, in each of areas V1, V2, and V3) were predefined using separate target versus background functional localizer scans. The first analysis using a general linear model showed that in the presence of background clutter, responses in V1 and V2 target regions of interest were significantly stronger to aligned than unaligned contours, whereas when background clutter was absent, no significant difference was observed. The second analysis using interarea correlations showed that with background clutter, there was an increase in V1–V2 coordination within the target regions when perceiving aligned versus unaligned contours; without clutter, however, correlations between V1 and V2 were similar no matter whether aligned contours were present or not. Both the average response magnitude and the connectivity analysis suggest different mechanisms support contour processing with or without background distractors. Coordination between V1 and V2 may play a major role in coherent structure perception, especially with complex scene organization.
From Isolated Handwritten Characters to Fields Recognition: There's Many a Slip Twixt Cup and Lip

Recognition of handwritten characters has been a popular task for the evaluation of classification algorithms for many years. Looking at the latest results on databases such as USPS or MNIST, one could think that character recognition is a solved problem. In this paper, we claim that this is not the case for two reasons : first because the classical databases for digit recognition are realistic but too simple and second because digit recognition is not a real-world task but only a part of it. In this paper, we contribute to a better understanding of these two aspects with new results. In a first part, we compare three state-of-the-art recognizers on a digit recognition task extracted from a real world application and show that the error rates on this database can not be extrapolated from MNIST. Then, in a second part, we present and evaluate a system designed for an industrial application based on character recognition : document identification with floating field recognition.
Gabapentin in Naive Childhood Absence Epilepsy: Results From Two Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Studies

Efficacy and safety of gabapentin monotherapy were evaluated in 33 children with newly diagnosed absence epilepsy in two identical, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in which a 2-week double-blind treatment phase was followed by a 6-week open-label phase. Primary efficacy criterion was seizure frequency change from baseline to end of double-blind treatment derived from quantified electroencephalograms. Primary efficacy analyses compared treatment differences in the 2-week double-blind phase. Gabapentin did not significantly decrease or increase seizure frequency compared with placebo. Low dosages with possibly subtherapeutic plasma levels may have contributed to the lack of demonstrable efficacy. Somnolence and dizziness were the only adverse events reported by at least two patients during gabapentin treatment. No clinically important changes in laboratory assessments or other safety parameters were observed. Gabapentin monotherapy at dosages ranging from 9.7 through 19.1 mg/kg/day is well tolerated in pediatric patients aged 4 through 12 years with absence epilepsy. (J Child Neurol 1996;11:470-475).
SU-E-T-74: Effect of Energy and Field Size On Angular Dependence of a 2D Diode Array.

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of energy and field size on directional response (angular dependence) of 2D diode array detector, Sun Nuclear MapCHECK 2. METHODS The MapCHECK 2 with MapPHAN-MC2 (a solid water block with water equivalent buildup of 5.0 cm above and below the detector plane) was irradiated using the Varian TrueBEAM STx for six different energies (6MV, 6MV-FFF (Flattening Filter Free), 8MV, 10MV, 10MV-FFF, and 15MV) and three field sizes (3cm×3cm, 5cm×5cm, and 10cm×10cm) for every 10 degree. The angular dependence was investigated by comparing these dose measurements with the corresponding dose calculations by the Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS). A mean dose difference ((Measurement-Plan)/Planx100%) at the comparison points (5 points (1cm×1cm) around the isocenter for 3cm×3cm; 13 points (2cm×2cm) for 5cm×5cm and 10cm×10cm fields) was computed. In addition, dependence of calibration on field size was investigated by calibrating MapCHECK 2 with the standard calibration field of 10cm×10cm and a small field size of 3cm×3cm. RESULTS The angular dependence was substantial at 90+/-20° and 270+/-20° (mostly >5% for all energies except 15MV). The maximum differences decreased substantially with increasing energies (e.g., for 3cm×3cm at 270°, 53.3+/-3.1% (6MV-FFF), 37.8+/-2.3% (6MV), 23.2+/-2.0% (8MV), 19.2+/-2.0% (10MV-FFF), 9.7+/-2.3% (10MV), -0.1+/-2.0% (15MV)). The FFF beams showed higher angular dependence than conventional beams (∼10%). The standard calibration using 10cm×10cm field underestimated dose for the 3cm×3cm field by ∼2%. The calibration dependence on field size was approximately 1% smaller using FFF beams. The 15MV beam relatively did not show any substantial angular response. This is probably due to low response of diode to high energy scattered radiation. CONCLUSION The MapCHECK QA for IMAT (RapidArc or VMAT) with beam incident angles around 90° and 270° should be carefully examined because of the directional response and underdosing of diode for small beam segments.
Temperature until the ‘eyed stage’ of embryogenesis programmes the growth trajectory and muscle phenotype of adult Atlantic salmon

We investigated how adult growth in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) was affected by changing embryonic temperature from fertilization until the completion of eye pigmentation. Fertilized eggs from several hundred families were divided between four temperature treatments (2, 5, 8 or 10°C) and subsequently reared in identical conditions in replicated tanks. Fish exposed to 2 and 5°C treatments were significantly smaller at smoltification than groups at higher temperatures, but showed substantial compensatory catch-up growth. Remarkably, temperature during this short window of embryogenesis dictated adult myogenic phenotype three years later with significant treatment effects on the muscle fibre final number (FFN), maximum diameter, nuclear density and size distribution. FFN was highest for the 5°C treatment and was reduced at higher and lower treatment temperatures. Our results require direct temperature effects on embryonic tissues, such as the stem cell-containing external cell layer, in order to produce persistent effects on juvenile and adult growth.
Updated Stability Analysis of the PF/CC Models With the ITER DINA 2016 Plasma Scenario

In the ITER project, the Poloidal Field (PF) and Correction Coils (CC) - all made of Nb-Ti conductors - share the same supercritical Helium cooling loop at about 4.5 K. Recently, the associated thermo-hydraulic model developed with SuperMagnet has been updated to obtain a more accurate description of this cryomagnetic system. These changes include integration of feeders, more detailed cryodistribution circuits and refined coil geometries, with the general aim at approaching as much as possible the as-built configuration. In parallel, currents, magnetic field maps and magnet heat loads (mainly AC losses) associated with the ITER DINA 2016 plasma scenario have been included in this model together with refined nuclear heating to evaluate the corresponding PF and CC conductor minimum temperature margins; the objective being to ensure that they remain above the specification value of 1.5 K.