Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Breaking Bad: Extraction of Verb-Particle Constructions from a Parallel Subtitles Corpus

The automatic extraction of verb-particle constructions (VPCs) is of particular interest to the NLP community. Previous studies have shown that word alignment methods can be used with parallel corpora to successfully extract a range of multi-word expressions (MWEs). In this paper the technique is applied to a new type of corpus, made up of a collection of subtitles of movies and television series, which is parallel in English and Spanish. Building on previous research, it is shown that a precision level of 94±4.7% can be achieved in English VPC extraction. This high level of precision is achieved despite the difficulties of aligning and tagging subtitles data. Moreover, many of the extracted VPCs are not present in online lexical resources, highlighting the benefits of using this unique corpus type, which contains a large number of slang and other informal expressions. An added benefit of using the word alignment process is that translations are also automatically extracted for each VPC. A precision rate of 75±8.5% is found for the translations of English VPCs into Spanish. This study thus shows that VPCs are a particularly good subset of the MWE spectrum to attack using word alignment methods, and that subtitles data provide a range of interesting expressions that do not exist in other corpus types.
An Identity Authentication System Based on Chebyshev Polynomials

In this paper, traditional identity authentication based on discrete logarithms is first given, and the faults of the algorithm are pointed out. Secondly we research on the semi-group characteristics of Chebyshev Polynomials, and find a new one-way trap-door function. In the end, an identity authentication scheme based on the function is present, and the feasibility and security of the algorithm are analysized.
Thermal excitations of warped membranes.

We explore thermal fluctuations of thin planar membranes with a frozen spatially varying background metric and a shear modulus. We focus on a special class of D-dimensional "warped membranes" embedded in a d-dimensional space with d ≥ D + 1 and a preferred height profile characterized by quenched random Gaussian variables {h(α)(q)}, α = D + 1,. ,d, in Fourier space with zero mean and a power-law variance h(α)(q(1))h(β)(q(2)) ∼ δ(α,β)δ(q(1),-q(2))q(1)(-d(h)). The case D = 2, d = 3, with d(h) = 4 could be realized by flash-polymerizing lyotropic smectic liquid crystals. For D < max{4,d(h)} the elastic constants are nontrivially renormalized and become scale dependent. Via a self-consistent screening approximation we find that the renormalized bending rigidity increases for small wave vectors q as κ(R) ∼ q(-η(f)), while the in-hyperplane elastic constants decrease according to λ(R),μ(R) ∼ q(+η(u)). The quenched background metric is relevant (irrelevant) for warped membranes characterized by exponent d(h) > 4-η(f)((F)) (d(h) < 4-η(f)((F))), where η(f)((F)) is the scaling exponent for tethered surfaces with a flat background metric, and the scaling exponents are related through η(u) + η(f) = d(h) -D (η(u) + 2η(f) = 4-D).
The Impact of Technology-Enhanced Classroom Physical Activity Interventions on Executive Function, Motivation, and Physical Fitness.

This study examined the impact of short bursts of coordinated bilateral physical activities on executive function in elementary school children. Participants (N=113) in fifth grade from two elementary schools were assigned to three groups: two intervention groups and one comparison group. The two intervention groups were given Fitbit Charge Heart Rate Monitors. The first group was a Fitbit-Only (Fitbit-O) intervention. The second intervention group took part in six minutes of daily Physical Activities Engaging the Brain (PAEB), as well as a Fitbit Challenge (C). All participants were preand post-tested with the d2 Test of Attention (d2 test). Change scores in the d2 test scores were analyzed using a general linear model. All participating children showed significant improvements from preto post-test. Children in the PAEB-C group showed stronger improvements from preto post-test than both the comparison and the Fitbit Only groups in areas of concentration performance, fluctuation rate, and total number of items processed. These results are consistent with prior studies that used classroom-based physical activities to improve executive functions. The results suggest that daily brief coordinated bilateral activities can improve attention and concentration in fifth grade students over the course of four weeks.
Tropical Cyclone Intensity Change from a Simple Ocean–Atmosphere Coupled Model

Abstract The interaction between a tropical cyclone (TC) and the underlying ocean is investigated using an atmosphere–ocean coupled model. The atmospheric model is developed from the Pennsylvania State University (Penn State)–National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) mesoscale model version 4 MM4 and the ocean model consists of a mixed layer and an inactive stagnant layer beneath. Coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean models is achieved through wind stress and surface heat and moisture fluxes that depend on the sea surface temperature (SST). In the absence of a background flow, the atmospheric component consists of only a predefined vortex with an initial central pressure and the radius of the 15 m s−1 wind. The basic control experiments demonstrate that the coupled model can simulate the development of a TC and its interaction with the ocean. Changes in TC intensity are sensitive to those of SST and the response is almost instantaneous. An SST of ∼27°C is found to be the threshold for TC de.
Malicious Code Detection Using Opcode Running Tree Representation

An opcode behavior based method is proposed to detect malware. Opcode behaviors are represented as opcode sequences from a decompiled executable. To accurately describe the malware behaviors, we construct the opcode running tree to simulate the dynamic execution of a program, and opcode n-grams are extracted to represent the features of an executable. The experimental results show that the opcode behaviors extracted by this method can fully represent the behavior characteristics of an executable. Compared with the detection method based the opcode distributions, the proposed method has higher overall accuracy and a lower false positive rate.
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) upregulates IL-1 receptor antagonist production from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by delaying mRNA degradation

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) have been identified as cells capable of producing a number of pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines in response to specific agonists. Previously, we showed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and IL-8, are produced by PMN after stimulation with agonists, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, we demonstrate that LPS is also a potent stimulus for the mRNA expression and release of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). In addition, we show that the release of IL-1ra from LPS-stimulated PMN is markedly potentiated in the presence of IL-10 (from two to threefold after 18 h of stimulation). Moreover, we observed that this upregulation of IL-1ra production by IL-10 in LPS- stimulated PMN took place through IL-1ra mRNA stabilization. Indeed, the half-life of IL-1ra mRNA was prolonged in PMN stimulated in the presence of IL-10 and LPS, as compared with cells stimulated with LPS alone. That IL-10 selectively upregulates IL-1ra production in LPS- activated PMN, while it inhibits the production of IL-1 beta, TNF, and IL-8 under the same conditions, suggests that IL-10 may be an important physiologic regulator of cytokine production from PMN, and emphasizes the potential role of IL-10 in inflammatory responses.
Fundamentals of Semantic Web Technologies in Medical Environments: A Case in Breast Cancer Risk Estimation

Risk estimation of developing breast cancer poses as the first prevention method for early diagnosis. Furthermore, data integration from different departments involved in the process plays a key role. In order to guarantee patient safety, the whole process should be orchestrated and monitored automatically. Support for the solution will be a linked data cloud, composed by all the departments that take part in the process, combined with rule engines.
Adaptive trajectory tracking for UAV guidance with bayesian filtering

The objective of this paper is to design algorithms for tracking the trajectory of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A reference path is generated and recorded by flight simulator software, X-Plane, which provides the flight information to guide the UAV towards the target path. The flight motion is modeled with linear ordinary differential equations, considering both longitudinal and lateral motion. The stability derivatives and aerodynamic coefficients of dynamic equations are derived from flying situations and specifications of UAV and airfoil. Based on the flight dynamics, Bayesian filtering is applied to estimate the control inputs of dynamic equations. The proposed algorithm is verified via simulations for takeoff, level flight and landing, which show that the proposed scheme is feasible for UAV guidance.
Design of a Software Tool for Mobile Application User Mental Models Collection and Visualization

Mental model is a fundamental term in human-computer interaction (HCI). The process of HCI creates different qualitative levels of user experience (UX) which can be determined by the quality of communication between a technological product (the system) and a user of this product. The level of user experience is indirectly derivable from measurement of different qualitative and quantitative aspects of the interaction (achievement of objectives, satisfaction, comfort, time required to perform the task). The user experience is the key factor which determines the popularity of web or mobile applications and software applications in general. During the HCI, the user is unconsciously comparing his mental model (own idea of functionality) with the system image (the real graphical user interface – GUI). The distance between the user’s mental model and the system image should be minimal. Creation of successful GUI requires a real user-application interaction testing and statistical evaluation of the testing data. This paper describes a design of a software tool for user mental model collection and visualization in the area of mobile applications with emphasis on context of the HCI.
Online-Submitting System Based on a Safe and Anonymous Protocol

In today's society, there are more and more Onlinesubmitting Systems recently. For example, the system of submitting the excessive amount of exhaust which can regulate the misconducts set up by Department of Environmental Protection. Though the system seems like very convenient, there are some hiding problems like anonymity, verifiability, non-repudiation, and lying problem. Here we propose a protocol that is safe and anonymous. By using public key cryptosystem, partially blind signature and multi-authority structure, this proposed scheme can not only protect the reporter's privacy well but also help the institution and the reporter to reduce the cost and the human resource.
Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity pattern is different in isolated impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose: the risk factor in Impaired Glucose Tolerance for Atherosclerosis and Diabetes study.

OBJECTIVE Isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are two risk categories for type 2 diabetes. This study compared both categories with respect to the degree of insulin secretion abnormalities and insulin resistance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This is a crossover comparison of a population at high risk for type 2 diabetes. The subjects were recruited from the Risk Factor in Impaired Glucose Tolerance for Atherosclerosis and Diabetes (RIAD) study. They underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, with measurement of specific insulin, C-peptide, proinsulin, and free fatty acids at baseline and every 30 min after load for 2 h. Factor analysis was performed to evaluate the importance of insulin resistance and secretion abnormalities in both categories. RESULTS All categories of prediabetic hyperglycemia had a higher cardiovascular risk factor level when adjusted for sex, age, and BMI compared to control subjects with normal glucose tolerance. Subjects with isolated IFG were more insulin resistant than those with IGT. By contrast, subjects with isolated IGT exhibited a more severe deficit in early- and late-phase insulin secretion versus IFG subjects. As shown with factor analysis, in IFG the insulin resistance factor explained 28.4% of the variance, whereas in IGT the insulin secretion factor was dominant, explaining 31.1% of the total variance. CONCLUSIONS Our cross-sectional data from the RIAD study demonstrate that isolated IFG and isolated IGT are different with respect to the degree of insulin resistance and anomalies in insulin secretion, and that subjects with IGT exhibit a deficit in the early and late phases of insulin secretion. This finding may be important for a differential approach in primary prevention of type 2 diabetes.
Fast prediction computation in learning classifier systems using CUDA

Computing the system prediction is one of the most important and computationally expensive tasks in Learning Classifier Systems. In this paper, we provide a parallel solution to the problem of computing the prediction array in XCS using the NVIDIA's Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). We performed several experiments to test our parallel solution using two different types of GPUs and to study how performances are affected by (i) the problem size, (ii) the number of problem actions, and (iii) the number of classifiers in the population. Our experimental results show a speedup that ranges from slightly less than 2X up to 32X.
The Making of a Neuromorphic Visual System

1: Seeing: Blazing Processing Characteristics 1.1 An Infinite Reservoir of Information 1.2 Speed 1.3 Illusions 1.4 Recognition Evolvement 1.5 Basic-Level Categorization 1.6 Memory Capacity and Access 1.7 Summary 2: Category Representation and Recognition Evolvement 2.1 Structural Variability Independence 2.2 Viewpoint Independence 2.3 Representation and Evolvement 2.4 Recapitulation 2.5 Refining the Primary Engineering Goal 3: Neuroscientific Inspiration 3.1 Hierarchy and Models 3.2 Criticism and Variants 3.3 Speed 3.4 Alternative 'Codes' 3.5 Alternative Shape Recognition 3.6 Insight from Cases of Visual Agnosia 3 7 Neuronal Level 3.8 Recapitulation and Conclusion 4: Neuromorphic Tools 4.1 The Transistor 4.2 A Synaptic Circuit 4.3 Dendritic Compartments 4.4 An Integrate-and-Fire Neuron 4.5 A Silicon Cortex 4.6 Fabrication Vagrancies require Simplest Models 4.7 Recapitulation 5: Insight From Line Drawings Studies 5.1 A Representation with Polygons 5.2 A Representation with Polygons and their Context 5.3 Recapitulation 6: Retina Circuits Signaling and Propagating Contours 6.1 The Input: a Luminance Landscape 6.2 Spatial Analysis in the Real Retina 6.3 The Propagation Map 6.4 Signaling Contours in Gray-Scale Images 6.5 Recapitulation 7: The Symmetric-Axis Transform 7.1 The Transform 7.2 Architecture 7.3 Performance 7.4 SAT Variants 7.5 Fast Waves 7.6 Recapitulation 8: Motion Detection 8.1 Models 8.2 Speed Detecting Architectures 8.3 Simulation 8.4 Biophysical Plausibility 8.5 Recapitulation 9: Neuromorphic Architectures: Pieces and Proposals 9.1 Integration Perspectives 9.2 Position and Size Invariance 9.3 Architecture for a Template Approach 9.4 Basic-Level Representations 9.5 Recapitulation 10: Shape Recognition with ContourPropagation Fields 10.1 The Idea of the Contour Propagation Field 10.2 Architecture 10.3 Testing 10.4 Discussion 10.5 Learning 10.6 Recapitulation 11: Scene Recognition 11.1 Objects in Scenes, Scene Regularity 11.2 Representation, Evolvement, Gist 11.3 Scene Exploration 11.4 Engineering 11.5 Recapitulation 12: Summary 12.1 The Quest for Efficient Representation and Evolvement 12.2 Contour Extraction and Grouping 12.3 Neuroscientific Inspiration 12.4 Neuromorphic Implementation 12.5 Future Approach Terminology References Index Keywords Abbreviations
Living and working as a domestic worker in the Middle East: the experience of migrant returnees in Girana town, North Wollo, Ethiopia

ABSTRACT This article explores the migration experiences of Ethiopian migrant returnees from domestic work in the Gulf countries and Lebanon. The returnees reside in the town of Girana located in Habru sub-district, North Wollo zone of Amhara region. There is much female work migration to the Arab Middle East from the town, particularly to Saudi Arabia through Muslim pilgrimage. Employing a qualitative method, the study examines how the returnee women perceived and experienced labour migration and analyzes the impacts of labour migration on childcare, family survival back home, and debt payment. The returnees made voluntary regular and irregular labour migration to the region and engaged in domestic work, which is not preferred by the host society. However, domestic work is unregulated by the labour policy of the destination countries. This made the returnees’ employment situation rather exploitative, exacerbating their vulnerability to abuses, ethnic denigration, and undermining of cultural identity.
Glial Reaction in Parkinson ’ s Diseases : Inflammatory Activation Signaling of Glia as a Potential Therapeutic Target

Although the main cause of many neurodegenerative diseases is unknown, the glial reaction is considered to be a consequence of neuronal cell death in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. In Parkinson's disease, postmortem examination and experimental animal models exposed to neurotoxin reveals a dramatic loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra associated with a massive astrogliosis and the presence of activated microglial cells. These glial cells can release deleterious compounds such as proinflammatory prostaglandins and cytokines, which may act by stimulating reactive oxygen species in glial cells, or which may exert a more direct effect on dopaminergic neurons by activating receptors that contain death domains involved in neuronal apoptosis. The anti-inflammatory drugs and the tetracycline derivative minocycline have been shown to reduce glial activation and protect the substantia nigra in an animal model of the disease. Inhibition of the glial reaction and the inflammatory processes may thus represent a therapeutic target to reduce neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease. Elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying intracellular signal transductions of glial activation will provide promising means of controlling neuroinflammation and the subsequent neurodegeneration.
Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration in Low-Cost FPGAs

Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) market is growing rapidly with various applications in different industries. There is a new concept evolving in FPGA industry called dynamic partial reconfiguration (DPR) with has a greater exposure in different applications. Partial reconfiguration is nothing but reconfiguring the selected areas of an FPGA after its initial configuration at runtime. In this paper we reconfigure some specific region of the FPGA with a new functionality at runtime while the remaining areas remain static during this time. The complexities during the runtime can be simplified by a tool called PLANAHEAD which was introduced by Xilinx that is able to implement run time reconfigurable systems for all VIRTEX FPGAs. This re- sults in low computational cost and low power FPGAs, PLANAHEAD is the first graphical environment for partial reconfiguration. In this context partial reconfiguration gives the flexibility for reducing the board space ( effective utilization of resources), change a design in the field and also reduces the power consumption.
Experiments to Improve Named Entity Recognition on Turkish Tweets

Social media texts are significant information sources for several application areas including trend analysis, event monitoring, and opinion mining. Unfortunately, existing solutions for tasks such as named entity recognition that perform well on formal texts usually perform poorly when applied to social media texts. In this paper, we report on experiments that have the purpose of improving named entity recognition on Turkish tweets, using two different annotated data sets. In these experiments, starting with a baseline named entity recognition system, we adapt its recognition rules and resources to better fit Twitter language by relaxing its capitalization constraint and by diacritics-based expansion of its lexical resources, and we employ a simplistic normalization scheme on tweets to observe the effects of these on the overall named entity recognition performance on Turkish tweets. The evaluation results of the system with these different settings are provided with discussions of these results.
Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer Survey of the Local Interstellar Medium within 200 Parsecs

We present Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer observations of the interstellar gas toward 30 white dwarf stars and one subdwarf (SdO) star. These sight lines probe the Local Bubble (LB) and the local interstellar medium (LISM) near the LB. We systematically measure the column densities for the following species: C II, C II*, C III, N I, N II, O I, Ar I, Si II, P II, Fe II, Fe III, and H2. Our survey detected only diffuse H2 molecular clouds (fH2 ≲ 10-4) along six sight lines. There is no evidence from this study that H2 exists well inside the perimeter of the LB. The kinematical temperature for H2 is less than the usual temperature observed in the local interstellar clouds, implying different gas phases in the LISM. The relative abundance ratios of Si II, P II, and Fe II give insight about the dust content. These ratios vary but are similar to the depletion patterns observed in warm and halo diffuse clouds in more distant sight lines in the Galaxy. The N I/O I and Ar I/O I ratios are significantly subsolar within the LB. Outside the LB a larger scatter is observed from subsolar to solar. Because Ar and N are only weakly depleted into dust grains if at all, the deficiencies of their neutral forms are likely due to photoionization. The evidence for significant ionization of N (and hence Ar) is strengthened by the detection and measurement of N II, which is a dominant ion for this element toward many sight lines. C III appears to be ubiquitous in the LISM toward our sight lines, but C II remains the dominant ionization stage of C. The limits on Fe III/Fe II imply that Fe II is the dominant ion. These observations imply that photoionization is the main ionization mechanism in the LISM and do not support the existence of a highly ionized condition in the past. In view of the variations observed in the different atomic and ionic ratios, the photoionization conditions vary significantly in the LB and the LISM. The cooling rate in the LISM, lc [in ergs s-1 (H I atom)-1], derived from the emission of the C II 157.7 μm line has a mean value of log lc = -25.59 ± 0.32 dex, very similar to previous determinations.