Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of direct transition to risperidone long-acting injectable in patients treated with various antipsychotic therapies

The maintained antipsychotic efficacy of risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI) was investigated in patients with schizophrenia or other psychoses who were transitioned directly from their previous antipsychotic medication. Patients symptomatically stable, but considered to require a treatment change, received 25 mg of RLAI (increased to 37.5 or 50 mg, if necessary) every 2 weeks for 6 months. Assessments included Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression–Severity (CGI-S), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), SF-36 Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire and Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale (ESRS). Of 1876 patients enrolled, 74% completed the 6-month study. The most frequent reasons for treatment change were non-compliance (38%), insufficient efficacy (33%) and side-effects (26%). There was a significant reduction from baseline to endpoint in mean total PANSS score and in the scores on all PANSS subscales and symptom factors (P<0.001). CGI-S improved significantly, as did mean GAF score, all factors on the SF-36 and patient satisfaction with treatment. Scores on ESRS showed significant, sustained improvements throughout the study period. Direct initiation of RLAI was effective and well tolerated. RLAI provides an advancement in the treatment options available for a wide range of patients requiring long-term antipsychotic therapy.
European Conference on Information Systems ( ECIS ) Summer 10-6-2011 SWIQA – A SEMANTIC WEB INFORMATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK

The internet is currently evolving from the "Web of Documents" into the "Web of Data" where data is available on web-scale in the so called Semantic Web (1) to retrieve information or (2) for data reuse, e.g. within applications for a higher degree of automation. At present, there is already a lot of data available on the Semantic Web, but unfortunately we do not know much about their quality due to missing techniques and methodologies for information quality assessment. In this paper, we provide a framework for information quality assessment of Semantic Web data called SWIQA by solely using Semantic Web technologies. Other than survey-based techniques for information quality assessment SWIQA employs data quality rule templates to express quality requirements which are automatically used to identify deficient data and calculate quality scores. Hence, using our approach minimizes manual effort while providing transparency about the quality of Semantic Web data. SWIQA may, therefore, be used by data consumers to find high quality data sources or by data owners to keep track of the quality of their own data.
A Systematic Approach to Measuring Advertising Transparency Online: An Australian Case Study

Illicit sharing of infringing content, such as movies and TV, remains a persistent and ongoing threat to the viability of Australia's creative industries. The revenue model that underpins torrent indexing and file locker sites which enable this sharing -- like much of the World Wide Web -- is based on advertising. Recent research has suggested that there has been a shift from mainstream to High-Risk advertising on these sites. In this study, advertising targeting Australians was analysed from the Top 500 Google-upheld DMCA complaints for movies and TV distributed by major Hollywood studios, with 10 sites from each complaint sampled for all ads displayed. It was found that only one site carried mainstream advertising with ads targeting Australian consumers. The policy implications of this result and future research directions, including methodology enhancements, are discussed.
Conversion of WordNet to a standard RDF/OWL representation

This paper presents an overview of the work in progress at the W3C to produce a conversion of WordNet to the RDF/OWL representation language in use in the Semantic Web community. Such a standard representation is useful to provide application developers a high-quality resource and to promote interoperability. Important requirements in this conversion process are that it should be complete and should stay close to WordNet's conceptual model. The paper explains the steps taken to produce the conversion and details design decisions such as the composition of the class hierarchy and properties, the addition of suitable OWL semantics and the chosen format of the URIs. Additional topics include a strategy to incorporate OWL and RDFS semantics in one schema such that both RDF(S) infrastructure and OWL infrastructure can interpret the information correctly, problems encountered in understanding the Prolog source files and the description of the two versions that are provided (Basic and Full) to accommodate different usages of WordNet.
The UCS family of myosin chaperones

The canonical UCS (UNC-45/Cro1/She4p) protein, Caenorhabditis elegans UNC-45, was one of the earliest molecules to be shown genetically to be necessary for sarcomere assembly. Genetic analyses of homologues in several fungal species indicate that the conserved UCS domain functionally interacts with conventional type II and unconventional type V myosins. In C. elegans and other invertebrate species, UNC-45 and its orthologues interact with both sarcomeric and non-sarcomeric myosins whereas, in vertebrates, there are two UNC-45 isoforms: a general cell (GC) and a striated muscle (SM) isoform. Although the mechanism of action of UCS proteins is unknown, recent biochemical studies suggest that they may act as molecular chaperones that facilitate the folding and/or maturation of myosin.
Accounting Comparability and Loan Contracting

This study examines whether accounting comparability is associated with the contracting cost of private loans. Using a sample of U.S. public firms from the years 1982 to 2009, we find strong evidence that accounting comparability is significantly negatively associated with private loan interest spread, consistent with the view that accounting comparability facilitates information processing by lenders. The findings are robust to alternative model specifications and estimation methods. We also find that the negative association between comparability and private loan spread is stronger for borrowers without Standard & Poor’s credit ratings and borrowers with non-collateralized loans. Further analyses show that accounting comparability is significantly positively associated with the number of lenders and negatively associated with the share of loan held by lead lender(s), confirming our main evidence of the relationship between accounting comparability and loan contracting cost. JEL Classification: G12, G14, M41.
LuxS-Based Signaling in Streptococcus gordonii: Autoinducer 2 Controls Carbohydrate Metabolism and Biofilm Formation with Porphyromonas gingivalis

ABSTRACT Communication based on autoinducer 2 (AI-2) is widespread among gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, and the AI-2 pathway can control the expression of genes involved in a variety of metabolic pathways and pathogenic mechanisms. In the present study, we identified luxS, a gene responsible for the synthesis of AI-2, in Streptococcus gordonii, a major component of the dental plaque biofilm. S. gordonii conditioned medium induced bioluminescence in an AI-2 reporter strain of Vibrio harveyi. An isogenic mutant of S. gordonii, generated by insertional inactivation of the luxS gene, was unaffected in growth and in its ability to form biofilms on polystyrene surfaces. In contrast, the mutant strain failed to induce bioluminescence in V. harveyi and was unable to form a mixed species biofilm with a LuxS-null strain of the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Complementation of the luxS mutation in S. gordonii restored normal biofilm formation with the luxS-deficient P. gingivalis. Differential display PCR demonstrated that the inactivation of S. gordonii luxS downregulated the expression of a number of genes, including gtfG, encoding glucosyltransferase; fruA, encoding extracellular exo-β-d-fructosidase; and lacD encoding tagatose 1,6-diphosphate aldolase. However, S. gordonii cell surface expression of SspA and SspB proteins, previously implicated in mediating adhesion between S. gordonii and P. gingivalis, was unaffected by inactivation of luxS. The results suggest that S. gordonii produces an AI-2-like signaling molecule that regulates aspects of carbohydrate metabolism in the organism. Furthermore, LuxS-dependent intercellular communication is essential for biofilm formation between nongrowing cells of P. gingivalis and S. gordonii.
Amplitude mapping and phoneme recognition in cochlear implant listeners.

OBJECTIVE Speech and other environmental sounds must be compressed to accommodate the small electric dynamic range in cochlear implant listeners. The objective of this paper is to study whether and how amplitude compression and dynamic range reduction affect phoneme recognition in quiet and in noise for cochlear implant listeners. DESIGN Four implant listeners using the Nucleus-22 SPEAK speech processor participated in this study. The amount of compression was varied by manipulating the Q-value in the SPEAK processor. The size of the dynamic range was systematically reduced by increasing the threshold level and decreasing the comfortable level in the processor. Both female- and male-talker vowel and consonant materials were used to evaluate speech recognition performance in quiet and in noise. Speech-spectrum-shaped noise was mixed with the speech signal and presented continuously to the speech processor through a direct electric connection. Signal to noise ratios were changed over a 30 to 40 dB range, within which phoneme recognition increased from chance to asymptotic performance. Phoneme recognition scores were obtained as the number of active electrodes was reduced from 20 to 10 to 4. For purposes of comparison, phoneme recognition data also were collected in four normal-hearing listeners under comparable laboratory conditions. RESULTS In both quiet and noise, the amount of amplitude compression did not significantly affect phoneme recognition. The reduction of dynamic range marginally affected phoneme recognition in quiet, but significantly degraded phoneme recognition in noise. Generally, the 20- and 10-electrode processors produced similar performance, whereas the 4-electrode processor produced significantly poorer performance. Compared with normal-hearing listeners, cochlear-implant listeners required higher signal to noise ratios to achieve comparable recognition performance and produced significantly lower recognition scores at the same signal to noise ratios. CONCLUSIONS The amount of amplitude compression does not significantly affect phoneme recognition, whereas reducing dynamic range significantly lowers phoneme recognition, particularly in noise and for vowels. Because the SPEAK processor extracts mostly spectral peaks, the present conclusions may not be applied to other types of processors extracting temporal envelope cues. The present results also suggest that more than four electrodes are required to optimize speech recognition in multiple-talker and noise conditions. A significant performance gap in speech recognition still remains between cochlear implant and normal-hearing listeners at the same signal to noise ratios. Improved cochlear implant designs and fitting procedures are required to narrow and, hopefully, close this performance gap.
Hacia una computadora cuántica de diamante

Nowadays, quantum computation is the object of multiple investigations in several different directions. The manufacture of a solid state quantum computer is a challenge for the studious of this discipline. Recent investigations allude to a defect in diamond (the absence of an atom in its molecular structure) that, together with the implant of a nitrogen atom in the immediate neighbor of this hollow, would make this highly esteemed mineral an ideal candidate for the quantum processing of information.
Tree‐centric mapping of forest carbon density from airborne laser scanning and hyperspectral data

Forests are a major component of the global carbon cycle, and accurate estimation of forest carbon stocks and fluxes is important in the context of anthropogenic global change. Airborne laser scanning (ALS) data sets are increasingly recognized as outstanding data sources for high‐fidelity mapping of carbon stocks at regional scales. We develop a tree‐centric approach to carbon mapping, based on identifying individual tree crowns (ITCs) and species from airborne remote sensing data, from which individual tree carbon stocks are calculated. We identify ITCs from the laser scanning point cloud using a region‐growing algorithm and identifying species from airborne hyperspectral data by machine learning. For each detected tree, we predict stem diameter from its height and crown‐width estimate. From that point on, we use well‐established approaches developed for field‐based inventories: above‐ground biomasses of trees are estimated using published allometries and summed within plots to estimate carbon density. We show this approach is highly reliable: tests in the Italian Alps demonstrated a close relationship between field‐ and ALS‐based estimates of carbon stocks (r2 = 0·98). Small trees are invisible from the air, and a correction factor is required to accommodate this effect. An advantage of the tree‐centric approach over existing area‐based methods is that it can produce maps at any scale and is fundamentally based on field‐based inventory methods, making it intuitive and transparent. Airborne laser scanning, hyperspectral sensing and computational power are all advancing rapidly, making it increasingly feasible to use ITC approaches for effective mapping of forest carbon density also inside wider carbon mapping programs like REDD++.
Distinct signaling mechanisms activate the target of rapamycin in response to different B‐cell stimuli

Phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a downstream kinase, are both required for proliferation of splenic B cells. However, the functions of PI3K and mTOR in response to different stimuli and among B cell subsets have not been fully elucidated. We used flow cytometry and magnetic cell sorting to examine the requirement for PI3K and mTOR in responses of splenic B cell subsets to BCR and LPS stimulation. BCR‐mediated phosphorylation of Akt and Erk is sensitive to the PI3K catalytic inhibitor wortmannin in both marginal zone (MZ) and follicular (FO) cells. BCR‐mediated mTOR activation in both subsets is inhibited by wortmannin, though less strongly in MZ cells. In contrast, LPS‐induced mTOR signaling is strikingly resistant to wortmannin in both subsets. Similarly, functional responses to LPS are partially wortmannin resistant yet sensitive to mTOR inhibition by rapamycin. We also observed mitogen‐independent mTOR activity that is regulated by nutrient availability, and is significantly elevated in MZ cells relative to FO cells. These data define both similarities and differences in PI3K/mTOR signaling mechanisms in MZ and FO cells, and suggest that mTOR signaling can occur in the absence of PI3K activation to promote B cell responses to LPS.
Phytate Hydrolysis in Rat Gastrointestinal Tracts, as Observed by 31P Fourier Transform Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Phytate hydrolysis was followed through rat gastrointestinal tracts by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. No phytate hydrolysis products were detected in the diet, stomach, or small intestine. It was concluded that cecal bacteria were responsible for phytate hydrolysis, which continued in the colon and fecal pellet.
Matrix converter efficiency in a high frequency link offshore WECS

An offshore wind park layout of series connected turbines with HVDC transmission is presented in this paper. The Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) features a matrix converter as full converter interface. The efficiency of the matrix converter is the object of this paper and a preliminary loss investigation is conducted to determine which matrix converter topology and switch configuration are the most efficient.The two different topologies of the matrix converter that are investigated by simulation are the conventional and indirect matrix converter. Furthermore the losses in the matrix converter will be computed for different implementations of the switches, using both RB-IGBTs connected in anti-parallel and IGBTs in anti-series with diodes in anti-parallel. RB-IGBTs are not available at high ratings and series and parallel connections of small rating devices are necessary. High rating IGBTs and diodes are available. However they present poorer switching behavior than small rating devices. Thus the losses are computed both for high rating IGBTs and diodes and series and parallel connections of low rating IGBTs and diodes.
Real-time geo influence in social networks

Exponential burst of real-time information generated through Social Media Networks in recent years, creates a hot ubiquitous platform for research among data scientists. Main area under spotlight in Social Networks Analysis (SNA) is friendship networks, user influence and computation of how deep and how fast the information diffuses. Amidst recent upsurge in Smartphone usage statistics, there is spectacular rise in tagging of feeds and post them with locations due to GPS localizations (Geo-tags and location coordinates of images and news feeds). For the local advertisers and social campaigners, it is vital to carve out phase based user reach models in a particular city/location. In this paper, an algorithm to calculate real-time geo influence of twitter users pertaining to location and time constraints is proposed and necessitate its requirement to meet the vital requisite to find out how fast information is spread by a particular user in a certain city/area and hence providing a platform for ranking them based on their influence in a particular place, and measuring speed of information travel. Subject Descriptors-Data mining and social computing, Social and Behavioural Sciences.
Linked Target Selection for Saccadic and Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements

In natural situations, motor activity must often choose a single target when multiple distractors are present. The present paper asks how primate smooth pursuit eye movements choose targets, by analysis of a natural target-selection task. Monkeys tracked two targets that started 1.5° eccentric and moved in different directions (up, right, down, and left) toward the position of fixation. As expected from previous results, the smooth pursuit before the first saccade reflected a vector average of the responses to the two target motions individually. However, post-saccadic smooth eye velocity showed enhancement that was spatially selective for the motion at the endpoint of the saccade. If the saccade endpoint was close to one of the two targets, creating a targeting saccade, then pursuit was selectively enhanced for the visual motion of that target and suppressed for the other target. If the endpoint landed between the two targets, creating an averaging saccade, then post-saccadic smooth eye velocity also reflected a vector average of the two target motions. Saccades with latencies >200 msec were almost always targeting saccades. However, pursuit did not transition from vector-averaging to target-selecting until the occurrence of a saccade, even when saccade latencies were >300 msec. Thus, our data demonstrate that post-saccadic enhancement of pursuit is spatially selective and that noncued target selection for pursuit is time-locked to the occurrence of a saccade. This raises the possibility that the motor commands for saccades play a causal role, not only in enhancing visuomotor transmission for pursuit but also in choosing a target for pursuit.
Exposure to Flaxseed or Purified Lignan During Lactation Influences Rat Mammary Gland Structures

Previous investigation demonstrated that feeding a 10% flaxseed (10F) diet during pregnancy and lactation enhanced the differentiation of highly proliferative terminal end bud (TEB) structures of rat mammary gland into less proliferative alveolar buds and lobules. From this study, it was hypothesized that the lignan component in flaxseed mediated the observed effects. Because mammary glands with more TEBs are more susceptible to carcinogens, exposure to flaxseed during early postnatal life may reduce the risk of developing mammary cancer. Our objectives were to elucidate whether exposure to flaxseed during lactation only and during pregnancy and lactation can similarly influence the differentiation of mammary gland structures and also to identify whether the lignan component of flaxseed is the biologically active agent. Offspring were exposed to a 10F diet or a dose of purified lignan equivalent to that in a 10F diet (10S) during lactation only or from lactation to postnatal Day 50. Compared with controls, exposure to 10F or 10S during lactation only or from lactation to postnatal Day 50 reduced the number of TEBs and resulted in a rise in the number of alveolar buds. In conclusion, exposure to flaxseed or its purified lignan during lactation is a critical period in which mammary gland development may be promoted by enhancing the differentiation of the mammary gland structures. However, continuous exposure, particularly to purified lignans, resulted in the most differentiation of the mammary gland. The next step is to determine whether the changes in mammary gland structures are chemopreventive in rats challenged with a carcinogen.
A 28 GHz 5-Bit Phase Shifter MMIC with 5.4° RMS Phase Error in GaN HEMT Process

A 28-GHz 5-bit phase shifter is designed and fabricated in 0.15-µm GaN HEMT technology. The phase shifter covers 180° with 32 discrete phase states in 5.625° step. Switched-line topology is employed for 5.625 °, 11.25 °, and 22.5 ° stages, and switched-filter topology is employed for 45 ° and 90 ° stages. The measured results of the fabricated chip have shown the minimum RMS phase error of 5.4 ° and the insertion loss of <11 dB at 28 GHz. It is also demonstrated that the RMS phase error can be improved to 4. 7° by utilizing the LSB for phase tuning, and further improved to 3.7° by employing the 2-bit LSB for phase tuning. The die size is 1.02 mm2.
Capacitative calcium entry.

The original idea that calcium might enter cells through a capacitative mechanism was first introduced by Jim Putney [1]. The somewhat surprising hypothesis was that calcium entry was regulated by the state of filling of the calcium stores. By analogy with a capacitor in an electrical circuit, the calcium stores prevent entry when they are charged up but immediately begin to promote entry as soon as stored calcium is discharged. This capacitative entry mechanism is present in many cells and has properties which are very similar from one cell to the next [2-6]. Capacitative calcium entry can be switched on by a great variety of stimuli such as normal agonists or pharmacological agents all of which share a common property of releasing stored calcium. Examples include calcium-mobilizing agonists [7-13], the calcium-mobilizing second messenger inositol 1,4,5trisphosphate (InsP3) [11,12,14-18], the calcium ionophore ionomycin [14,19], inhibitors of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) pumps such as thapsigargin [8,10,12,20] and cyclopiazonic acid [20,21] or simply by incubating cells in Ca2+-free conditions [12,14,15]. All this evidence indicates that the entry of external calcium is somehow controlled by the calcium content of the ER. This review is focused primarily on the mechanism ofcapacitative Ca2+ entry.