Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Memories of Tomorrow: Children, Labor, and the Panacea of Formal Schooling

This article provides a critical reading of current efforts in India to enroll in school all children between six and fourteen years of age. These efforts usually gain moral certitude through their being constructed within a binary frame of reference i.e. formal schooling as the space that "saves" child laborers. Neither exhaustive in its review of existing literature nor in its attempt to address the working of this binary worldwide, this article largely draws on different narratives to reveal the ways in which international policy discourse relies on a particular construction of children, childhood, and family in the non-Western world. The framing of the issue that the binary sets in place and its subsequent impact on policies is discussed through an interrogation of its underlying assumptions as well as its influence on the local. To transcend a culturally relativistic reading of these narratives as local examples, incapable of exercising larger analytic weight, the article utilizes these to discuss three dominant constructions that underlie this binary, namely constructions of the child, of school, and of labor.
Infarct zone viability influences ventricular remodelling after late recanalisation of an occluded infarct related artery

Objective: To investigate the influence of infarct zone viability on remodelling after late recanalisation of an occluded infarct related artery. Methods: A subgroup of 26 volunteers from TOAT (the open artery trial) underwent dobutamine stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance at baseline to assess the amount of viable myocardium present with follow up to assess remodelling at one year. TOAT studied patients with left ventricular dysfunction after anterior myocardial infarction (MI) associated with isolated proximal occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery with randomisation to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent at 3.6 weeks after MI (PCI group) or to medical treatment alone (medical group). Results: In the PCI group there was a significant relation between the number of viable segments within the infarct zone and improvement in end systolic volume index (−7.7 ml/m2, p = 0.02) and increased ejection fraction (4.1%, p = 0.03). The relation between viability and improvements in end diastolic volume index (−8.8 ml/m2, p = 0.08) and mass index (−6.3 g/m2, p = 0.01) did not reach significance (p = 0.27 and p = 0.8, respectively). In the medical group, there was no significant relation between the number of viable segments in the infarct zone and the subsequent changes in end diastolic (p = 0.84) and end systolic volume indices (p = 0.34), ejection fraction (p = 0.1), and mass index (p = 0.24). Conclusion: The extent of viable myocardium in the infarct zone is related to improvements in left ventricular remodelling in patients who undergo late recanalisation of an occluded infarct related artery.
Dynamic and Transparent Binary Translation

High-frequency design and instruction-level parallelism (ILP) are important for high-performance microprocessor implementations. The Binary-translation Optimized Architecture (BOA), an implementation of the IBM PowerPC family, combines binary translation with dynamic optimization. The authors use these techniques to simplify the hardware by bridging a semantic gap between the PowerPC's reduced instruction set and even simpler hardware primitives. Processors like the Pentium Pro and Power4 have tried to achieve high frequency and ILP by implementing a cracking scheme in hardware: an instruction decoder in the pipeline generates multiple micro-operations that can then be scheduled out of order. BOA relies on an alternative software approach to decompose complex operations and to generate schedules, and thus offers significant advantages over purely static compilation approaches. This article explains BOA's translation strategy, detailing system issues and architecture implementation.
Finding the Right Process Mix in the Real World

Developing shrinkwrap hypertext and engineering products inside entrepreneurial companies provides an instructive set of process mixes to study. One-man projects with some process elements were often successful. Team projects with no process ingredients were generally failures. A lightweight, XP-like process, consisting of shared story, lo-fi requirements, throw-away design artifacts, coding standards, unit testing, and continuous release, was most successful of all. Different code ownership models have proven successful: clarity of code ownership is more important than the exact model. Software tools suited to lightweight processes share certain characteristics and must be chosen carefully. When project scope and organizational culture dictate that communication, not artifacts, should be the point of requirements and design, then light is right. But light or agile must be a conscious choice: In the absence of a process decision, software development will reflect the organization’s default process, which may lead to disaster.
Henoch-Schoenlein purpura.

The distinctive syndrome of Henoch-Schoenlein purpura (HSP) was first described by Heberden before 1800, and in 1808 English physician Robert Willan described a patient who had swollen, painful joints and a rash. The syndrome owes its name to two German physicians. In 1837, Johan Schoenlein described several cases of purpura associated with arthritis, which he termed "peliosis rheumatica. " In 1868, Edouard Henoch pointed out that the term "peliosis rheumatica" was inappropriate and restrictive because patients who had urticarial purpura and acute arthritis also manifested gastrointestinal symptoms, such as vomiting, colicky abdominal pain, and melena. He described four children who had purpura, colicky abdominal pain, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and joint pain as well as renal involvement.1 Since these first descriptions, HSP also has been referred to as anaphylactoid, allergic, or rheumatoid purpura; leukocytoclastic vasculitis; and allergic vasculitis.1,2 Epidemiology Seventy-five percent of all cases of HSP occur in children between 2 and 11 years of age, with younger children rarely affected. Children younger than 2 y experience a milder course of illness, with less frequent renal and gastrointestinal manifestations.3 HSP is exceedingly rare in adults, among whom other causes of vasculitis should be considered more likely. The incidence of HSP is greater in males, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5 to 2.0:1.
Mate Value Discrepancy as Predictor of Forgiveness and Jealousy in Romantic Relationships

Mate value discrepancy (MVD), the perceived difference in resource value between self and partner in romantic relationships, may impact both forgiveness and jealousy. One hundred seventy-nine participants rated their own and their partner's mate value, and self-reported forgiveness and jealousy. MVD was associated with forgiveness in romantic relationships in that the higher the value of one's mate in relation to self, the more likely an individual would forgive that partner's transgression. Similarly, MVD played a role with jealousy in that the higher the value of the partner, the more likely an individual experienced jealousy. Additionally, individuals were more likely to forgive transgressions when their partners had higher mate values than theirs, even when jealousy is experienced.
Problem–Solving Model for Decision Making with High–Incidence Disabilities: The Minneapolis Experience

The problem–solving model (PSM) is used in the Minneapolis Public Schools to guide decisions regarding: (1) interventions in general education, (2) referral to special education, and (3) evaluation for special education eligibility for high–incidence disability areas. District implementation was driven by four themes: the appropriateness of intelligence tests and the IQ–achievement discrepancy for determination of eligibility, bias in assessment, allocation of school psychologist time, and linking assessment to instruction through curriculum–based measurement. This article describes how the PSM was designed as a three–stage process to measure response to intervention and used in the special education eligibility process. Program evaluation data collected since initial implementation in 1994 is reported in the areas of child count, achievement, referral, eligibility, and disproportion. The authors discuss the limitations of conducting PSM research in school settings, barriers to implementation of PSM, and make suggestions for enhancing treatment integrity.
Combined Targeting of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and MDM2 by Gefitinib and Antisense MDM2 Cooperatively Inhibit Hormone-Independent Prostate Cancer

Purpose: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) may play a relevant role in the progression, hormone therapy resistance, and prognosis of prostate cancer patients. Also MDM2, a negative p53 regulator that interacts with retinoblastoma (Rb), E2F, p19arf and the ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) cascade plays an important role in prostate cancer progression and prognosis. On the basis of the EGFR and MDM2 role in integrating signaling pathways critical for prostate cancer progression, we investigated whether their selective combined blockade may have a cooperative antitumor effect in prostate cancer. For this purpose, we have used the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib (ZD1839, Iressa) and a second generation hybrid oligonucleotide antisense MDM2 (AS-MDM2), respectively. Experimental Design: Gefitinib and AS-MDM2 were administered to hormone-refractory and hormone-dependent human prostate cancer cells in vitro and to mice bearing tumor xenografts, evaluating the effects on growth, apoptosis, and protein expression, in vitro and in vivo. Results: We demonstrated that the combination of gefitinib and AS-MDM2 synergistically inhibits the growth of hormone-independent prostate cancer cells in vitro. This effect is accompanied by the inhibition of MDM2, phosphorylated Akt (pAkt), phosphorylated MAPK (pMAPK), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and by Rb hypophosphorylation. The combination of the two agents in nude mice bearing the same hormone-independent tumors caused a potent cooperative antitumor effect. Tumor samples analysis confirmed the inhibition of MDM2, pAkt, pMAPK, VEGF, and basic fibroblast growth factor expression. Conclusions: This study shows that EGFR and MDM2 play a critical role in the growth of prostate cancer, especially hormone-dependent, and that their combined blockade by gefitinib and AS-MDM2 causes a cooperative antitumor effect, supporting the clinical development of this therapeutic strategy.
Late tricuspid surgery: predicting outcome with computed tomography

Tricuspid regurgitation can progressively worsen years after left-sided heart valve surgery, requiring surgical intervention for which the prognostic factors are unclear. This study aimed to assess the prediction of surgical outcome using right ventricular function obtained from computed tomography. We prospectively enrolled 24 patients who underwent isolated tricuspid repair or replacement from 2005 to 2008. Right ventricular computed tomography was carried out before surgery. The primary endpoint was survival with symptomatic improvement after one year. Twelve patients survived with improvement of at least one New York Heart Association functional class, and 12 died or had no symptomatic improvement. All baseline characteristics, echocardiogram data, and surgical details were similar in both groups. Right ventricular computed tomography parameters including end-systolic volume, indexed end-systolic volume, end-diastolic volume, and indexed end-diastolic volume were significantly different between the two groups. We concluded that right ventricular function assessed by computed tomography can predict the surgical outcome in patients undergoing surgery for isolated late tricuspid regurgitation.
Student and staff expectations of NZQA levels

In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed 275 students from representative courses across four levels of the New Zealand Qualifications Framework (NZQF) to elicit their expectations of the nature of the skills and knowledge, and the degree of self-management and collaboration, required for their courses. We compared their responses to the expectations set out in the qualifications framework. We also surveyed 9 lecturers and compared their expectations to both students and the framework. We found significant differences between student and framework expectations; student expectations were clearly lower than the framework. Moreover, student expectations remained at a low level, even in higher level courses and the gap was wider at the higher levels. We also found significant differences between student and lecturer expectations. At the higher course levels, lecturer expectations were broadly between those of students and the framework, which suggests that lecturer expectations are a compromise between both of these. Any misalignment of expectations poses a challenge for educators. We suggest practical measures for aligning these expectations.
Prenatal predictors of infant self-regulation: the contributions of placental DNA methylation of NR3C1 and neuroendocrine activity

We examined whether placental DNA methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene, NR3C1 was associated with self-regulation and neuroendocrine responses to a social stressor in infancy. Placenta samples were obtained at birth and mothers and their infants (n = 128) participated in the still-face paradigm when infants were 5 months old. Infant self-regulation following the still-face episode was coded and pre-stress cortisol and cortisol reactivity was assessed in response to the still-face paradigm. A factor analysis of NR3C1 CpG sites revealed two factors: one for CpG sites 1–4 and the other for sites 5–13. DNA methylation of the factor comprising NR3C1 CpG sites 5–13 was related to greater cortisol reactivity and infant self-regulation, but cortisol reactivity was not associated with infant self-regulation. The results reveal that prenatal epigenetic processes may explain part of the development of infant self-regulation.
VERSÃO PORTUGUESA DO MOTHER AND BABY SCALES (MABS)

This article present the Portuguese version of The Mother and Baby Scales (Wolke, 1995). The MABS was developed to assess the mother's confidence in the care of baby, in particular, assesses the negative emotions of newborns and their behaviors alert, and perceptions of parents about their confidence providing care to the baby. The original version of the instrument divides in two major areas "Your baby and your feelings" and "Feeding of my baby" and it's constituted by 64-items distributed by 8-sub- scales. The evaluation of the psychometric properties was done from sample of 430 mothers. The 8 factor model showed a poor fit to the variance-covariance matrix of scale's items (X 2 /df=2.69; CFI=0.68; GFI=0.71; TLI=0.66; RMSEA=0.06; P(RMSEA<=0.05)<0.001). To improve the factorial validity of the 8 factor structure, items with factor loadings smaller than 0.4 and modification indices suggesting correlations with different factors from those were the items originally loaded were removed. The improved model with only 30 of the original items showed a good fit to the 8 factor structure (X 2 /df=1.87; CFI=0.88; GFI=0.87; RMSEA=0.03; P(RMSEA 0.05)=1). The stability of the new reduced 30-item scale was tested on an independent sample of 200 mothers, aged 18 to 45. Invariance analysis demonstrated the external validity of the 8-factor/30-items structure (Factor weights: 2 (22)=32.61;
Interaction weaknesses of personal navigation devices

Automotive navigation systems, especially portable navigation devices (PNDs), are gaining popularity worldwide. Drivers increasingly rely on these devices to guide them to their destination. Some follow them almost blindly, with devastating consequences if the routing goes wrong. Wrong messages as well as superfluous and unnecessary messages can potentially reduce the credibility of those devices. We performed a comparative study with current PNDs from different vendors and market segments, in order to assess the extent of this problem and how it is related to the interaction between device and driver. In this paper, we report the corresponding results and identify multiple interaction weaknesses that are prevalent throughout all tested device classes.
The Role of Graphic Organizers and Social Structure in Content Area Instruction

This study investigated the effectiveness of three techniques for informing sixth-grade students of content area information. Students were taught content area information through either a graphic organizer strategy, a directed reading strategy, or an SQ3R strategy. Students were also taught content area information in either a group social structure or an individual, independent work structure. The results of the study suggest that the use of a graphic organizer strategy in a group social structure is more effective in facilitating comprehension of content area information than a graphic organizer strategy used in an independent structure or a directed reading strategy used in a group structure. Results of a transfer test revealed that the graphic organizer and the SQ3R strategies were more effective than the directed reading approach.
Masculinities and college men’s depression: Recursive relationships

Abstract Depression is a significant problem among college men. This qualitative study examines the interplay between masculinities and depression among Canadian-based college men who self-identified or were formally diagnosed with depression. The resulting three themes – mind matters, stalled intimacy and lethargic discontent – reveal the recursive relationships between masculinities and depression whereby depression quashed men’s aspirations for embodying masculine ideals, with depression potentially triggered by self-doubt and concerns about harbouring a faulty masculinity. Key findings include participants’ juxtaposing their private negative self-talk with attempts to pass as self-assured in public; anxieties about neediness and vulnerability negating their efforts to initiate or maintain an intimate relationship; and ruptured ideologies about a mind–body dualism whereby severe depression negatively impacted physical wellbeing.
Transcription of the E2F-1 gene is rendered cell cycle dependent by E2F DNA-binding sites within its promoter

The cell cycle-regulatory transcription factor E2F-1 is regulated by interactions with proteins such as the retinoblastoma gene product and by cell cycle-dependent alterations in E2F-1 mRNA abundance. To better understand this latter phenomenon, we have isolated the human E2F-1 promoter. The human E2F-1 promoter, fused to a luciferase cDNA, gave rise to cell cycle-dependent luciferase activity upon transfection into mammalian cells in a manner which paralleled previously reported changes in E2F-1 mRNA abundance. The E2F-1 promoter contains four potential E2F-binding sites organized as two imperfect palindromes. Gel shift and transactivation studies suggested that these sites can bind to E2F in vitro and in vivo. Mutation of the two E2F palindromes abolished the cell cycle dependence of the E2F-1 promoter. Thus, E2F-1 appears to be regulated at the level of transcription, and this regulation is due, at least in part, to binding of one or more E2F family members to the E2F-1 promoter.
Dating Lineages: Molecular and Paleontological Approaches to the Temporal Framework of Clades

The recent proliferation of methodological advances in molecular phylogenetic and paleobiological research has resulted in powerful approaches to investigate the temporal framework of lineages. This article is a review of molecular and paleontological methods to estimate ages of clades. Inferring ages of clades is complicated by the nature of the process of molecular substitution and the uncertainties of the paleontological record. Some of the greatest problems associated with molecular methods include the stochastic nature of molecular substitution, the assumption of rate constancy among lineages when such constancy is absent, and the inextricable link between substitution rate and elapsed time on the branches of phylogeny. Molecular methods to estimate ages are ultimately based on the fact that as time elapses, molecular differences accumulate among sequences. Under rate constancy, methods to estimate ages include linear regression of molecular distance on elapsed time and maximum likelihood optimization of node ages under a single rate. Recently developed methods that allow rate heterogeneity are powerful approaches to estimate rates and divergence times under more realistic assumptions. Among‐lineage rate variation is introduced as a compound Poisson process or more frequently is guided by the principle of temporal rate autocorrelation. These methods are based on numerical, semiparametric, and Bayesian parametric approaches, and some allow incorporation of constraints on the ages of nodes (derived, e.g., from fossils), conferring additional realism to age estimates. The paleontological record provides times of first appearances of morphological traits but not of lineage divergences; nevertheless, it represents one of the few sources of absolute information to decouple rates and times in a phylogeny. Analytical methods applied to paleontological data provide an alternative source of information about lineage duration. Stratigraphic confidence intervals that contain the time of origin of a lineage under a known probability are based on the frequency and abundance of fossil finds through the lineage’s fossil record. Tests of postulated lineage durations, derived, for example, from a molecular age estimate, are available under probabilistic or likelihood frameworks. A powerful approach toward achieving more robust inferences about evolutionary rates and timing of lineage divergence lies in the complementary use of molecular‐ and paleontological‐based approaches. While incorporating fossil information as age constraints confers further realism to molecular‐estimated rates and ages, such estimates may be evaluated against expectations derived from paleontological information.
Joomla, Drupal and WordPress - a statistical comparison of open source CMS

In the present time open source content management system (CMS) has gained a big market. Lots of varieties are available based on functionality and platform. As no CMS is best for everyone but when content management principles are concerned, two to three CMS names like Joomla, Drupal and WordPress stick in mind. These CMSs perform well in their preferred conditions. But if anyone wants informative types of website and doesn't require much functionality the question arises that out of these three CMSs which is to be preferred. As there are lot of surveys has been carried out in this area, we have tried to prove statistically by comparing their page performance criteria that which CMS is to be preferred. For doing the same we have created same pages in three CMSs to evaluate their page performance. To evaluate the page performance of these CMSs the pages had been hosted on local as well as live server. By requesting this page from client side different values of page performance criteria were recorded like page load time (PLT), page size (PS), number of request, number of CSS and JS files etc. while comparing all these parameters we could come to conclusion that which CMS should be used under what conditions.