Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In vitro evaluation of temperature rise during different post space preparations

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate temperature alterations on the outer root surface during post space preparation with six different post drills by using an infrared thermometer. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted single-rooted human mandibular incisor teeth were used. After root canal obturation, the specimens were divided into six groups (n = 10). During post space preparation, the temperature rises were measured in the middle third of the roots using a noncontact infrared thermometer with a sensitivity of 0.1°C. The temperature data were transferred from the thermometer to the computer and were observed graphically. Results: The maximum temperature rise was observed in Snowpost 2 (29.95 ± 10.2°C) (P < 0.001), but there were no significant differences among Snowpost 2 (29.95 ± 10.2°C), Snowpost 1 (24.6 ± 8.0°C), and Relyx 2 (17.68 ± 9.1°C) (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Although water coolant used, the critical temperature rise was observed on the outer root surface in all post drill systems.
M2 polarization enhances silica nanoparticle uptake by macrophages

While silica nanoparticles have enabled numerous industrial and medical applications, their toxicological safety requires further evaluation. Macrophages are the major cell population responsible for nanoparticle clearance in vivo. The prevailing macrophage phenotype largely depends on the local immune status of the host. Whereas M1-polarized macrophages are considered as pro-inflammatory macrophages involved in host defense, M2 macrophages exhibit anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties, but also promote tumor growth. We employed different models of M1 and M2 polarization: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon (IFN)-γ was used to generate primary human M1 cells and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)/interleukin (IL)-10 to differentiate M2 monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells were polarized towards an M1 type by LPS/IFN-γ and towards M2 by IL-10. Uptake of fluorescent silica nanoparticles (Ø26 and 41 nm) and microparticles (Ø1.75 μm) was quantified. At the concentration used (50 μg/ml), silica nanoparticles did not influence cell viability as assessed by MTT assay. Nanoparticle uptake was enhanced in M2-polarized primary human MDM compared with M1 cells, as shown by flow cytometric and microscopic approaches. In contrast, the uptake of microparticles did not differ between M1 and M2 phenotypes. M2 polarization was also associated with increased nanoparticle uptake in the macrophage-like THP-1 cell line. In accordance, in vivo polarized M2-like primary human tumor-associated macrophages obtained from lung tumors took up more nanoparticles than M1-like alveolar macrophages isolated from the surrounding lung tissue. In summary, our data indicate that the M2 polarization of macrophages promotes nanoparticle internalization. Therefore, the phenotypical differences between macrophage subsets should be taken into consideration in future investigations on nanosafety, but might also open up therapeutic perspectives allowing to specifically target M2 polarized macrophages.
Molecular Visualizing Synaptic Ribbons in the Living Cell

David Zenisek,1 Nicole K. Horst,2 Christien Merrifield,3 Peter Sterling,4 and Gary Matthews5 1Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and 2Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, 3Medical Research Council Laboratory of Cell Biology, Cambridge CB2 2QH, United Kingdom, 4Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6058, and 5Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
Evolutionarily conserved binding of ribosomes to the translocation channel via the large ribosomal RNA

During early stages of cotranslational protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane the ribosome is targeted to the heterotrimeric Sec61p complex, the major component of the protein‐conducting channel. We demonstrate that this interaction is mediated by the 28S rRNA of the eukaryotic large ribosomal subunit. Bacterial ribosomes also bind via their 23S rRNA to the bacterial homolog of the Sec61p complex, the SecYEG complex. Eukaryotic ribosomes bind to the SecYEG complex, and prokaryotic ribosomes to the Sec61p complex. These data indicate that rRNA‐mediated interaction of ribosomes with the translocation channel occurred early in evolution and has been conserved.
The Impact of Perceived Organizational Support and Core Self-Evaluation on Employee’s Psychological Well-Being

Psychological well-being (PWB) is a concept different from subjective well-being in positive psychology. PWB is conceptualized as a construct which includes the happy emotional experience and the realization of individual potential. This paper assumes that employee’s core self-evaluation and their perceived organizational support have a positive effect on psychological well-being. The result based on 441 valid questionnaires supports our hypothesis that employee’s core self-evaluation and their perceived organizational support are positively related to their reported psychological well-being. Core self-evaluation is also found to moderate the association of perceived organizational support with PWB in such that POS is more strongly related to PWB for employees who are higher, compared with those lower in CSE.
Memory fMRI predicts verbal memory decline after anterior temporal lobe resection

Objective: To develop a clinically applicable memory functional MRI (fMRI) method of predicting postsurgical memory outcome in individual patients. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 50 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (23 left) and 26 controls underwent an fMRI memory encoding paradigm of words with a subsequent out-of-scanner recognition assessment. Neuropsychological assessment was performed preoperatively and 4 months after anterior temporal lobe resection, and at equal time intervals in controls. An event-related analysis was used to explore brain activations for words remembered and change in verbal memory scores 4 months after surgery was correlated with preoperative activations. Individual lateralization indices were calculated within a medial temporal and frontal region and compared with other clinical parameters (hippocampal volume, preoperative verbal memory, age at onset of epilepsy, and language lateralization) as a predictor of verbal memory outcome. Results: In left temporal lobe epilepsy patients, left frontal and anterior medial temporal activations correlated significantly with greater verbal memory decline, while bilateral posterior hippocampal activation correlated with less verbal memory decline postoperatively. In a multivariate regression model, left lateralized memory lateralization index (≥0.5) within a medial temporal and frontal mask was the best predictor of verbal memory outcome after surgery in the dominant hemisphere in individual patients. Neither clinical nor functional MRI parameters predicted verbal memory decline after nondominant temporal lobe resection. Conclusion: We propose a clinically applicable memory fMRI paradigm to predict postoperative verbal memory decline after surgery in the language-dominant hemisphere in individual patients.
Comparison of meconium and neonatal hair analysis for detection of gestational exposure to drugs of abuse

Background: Meconium and hair are two biological markers of in utero exposure to illicit drugs. Objective: To compare the sensitivity of the two tests for different drugs. Setting: Motherisk laboratory which tests in utero drug exposure in Toronto. Methods: Cocaine, benzoylecgonine, opiates, cannabis, benzodiazepines, methadone, and barbiturates were measured in pairs of hair and meconium samples from the same neonates. Results: Meconium was marginally more sensitive than neonatal hair for detection of cocaine and cannabis, possibly because it may detect second trimester exposure whereas hair grows only during the third trimester of pregnancy. There was a significant correlation between hair and meconium concentrations of cocaine, cannabis, and opiates. Conclusion: In cases of clinical suspicion and a negative neonatal urine test, both meconium and hair are effective biological markers of in utero illicit drug exposure. Meconium may be more sensitive, but neonatal hair is available for three months whereas meconium is available for only one or two days. In contrast, the use of meconium, being a discarded material, is more acceptable to some parents than hair testing, which entails cutting scalp hair from the newborn.
Incidence of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients.

The product-limit incidence of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) bacteremia in 1006 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients followed at one institution over a 3-year period from the day of AIDS diagnosis with monthly lysis-centrifugation blood cultures was 21% +/- 2% SE at 1 year and 43% +/- 3% at 2 years. The product-limit incidence of MAC bacteremia at 1 year after the patients' first CD4 cell count was related to both the CD4 cell count and to whether they had an AIDS diagnosis (both P less than .0001) but not to age, sex, or race. This incidence was 39% +/- 6% for CD4 cell counts of less than 10/mm3, 30% +/- 5% for 10-19/mm3, 20% +/- 4% for 20-39/mm3, 15% +/- 4% for 40-59/mm3, 8% +/- 3% for 60-99/mm3, and 3% +/- 1% for 100-199/mm3. MAC may eventually infect most if not all HIV-positive patients who do not die from another HIV-related event.
The Association between Television Viewing and Preschool Child Body Mass Index

This paper is a conceptual and methodological review of the literature on the impact of TV on preschoolers' weight status. A systematic search, of papers published between January 1995 and January 2010, identified twenty-six relevant studies. Fifteen of these were cross-sectional in design and eleven adopted a prospective design; a positive association between hours of TV and child adiposity was found in all but three studies. Although assessed in a limited number of studies, diet may mediate the relationship between TV viewing and BMI. Another likely mediator may be the content of TV programs watched; only three studies examined this association and findings were inconsistent. Our review revealed that research examining mediating effects is limited, focusing more on simple cross-sectional or prospective relationships between TV habits and child body mass index. Further investigation of the mechanisms by which TV viewing affects preschool weight gain is needed.
Simple and fast identity-based encryption from module lattices

Module lattices have many advantages over traditional number theory to construct security schemes. Especially, module lattice-based security schemes are potentially able to resist to quantum attacks which can break traditional number theory based ones. In this vein, this paper designed an extremely fast identity-based encryption (for short IBE) scheme from module lattices. Although the security proof has been conducted in the random oracle (for short RO) model, the keys and the ciphertext expansion rate of our scheme are comparatively small. Moreover, the main idea behind the scheme can be easily understood: combining the provably secure NTRU signature of Stehle and Steinfeld [19] with the CPA secure El Gamal-like encryption scheme proposed by Lyubashevsky, Peikert and Regev [15].
Digit-recurrence algorithm for computing Euclidean norm of a 3-D vector

A digit-recurrence algorithm for computing the Euclidean norm of a 3-dimensional vector is proposed. Starting from the vector component with the highest order of magnitude as the initial value of partial result, correcting-digits produced by the recurrence are added to it step by step. Partial products of the squares of the other two components are added to the residual, step by step. The addition/subtractions in the recurrence are performed without carry/borrow propagation by the use of a redundant representation of the residual. An extension of the on-the-fly conversion algorithm is used for updating the partial result. Different specific versions of the algorithm are possible, depending on the radix, the redundancy factor of the correcting-digit set, the type of representation of the residual, and the correcting-digit selection function.
The Efficacy of Casual Videogame Play in Reducing Clinical Depression: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Abstract Background: Depression is a debilitating illness that is estimated to affect more than 300 million people worldwide. Although there has been some success in treatment of this illness with pharmaceuticals and behavioral techniques like cognitive behavioral therapy, these are often costly and have stigma associated with them. The purpose of this study was to test whether a prescribed regimen of casual videogame (CVG) play could reduce symptoms associated with depression. Subjects and Methods: Participants were screened for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). They were then randomized into the control (n=29) or experimental (n=30) group. Experimental participants were prescribed to play CVGs three times per week (with 24 hours between each session), for 30 minutes, over a 1-month period. Control participants surfed the National Institute of Mental Health's Web page on depression. The instrument used to test the hypothesis was the PHQ-9. Results: Repeated-measures statistical.
A new registration method for three-dimensional knee nearthrosis model using two X-ray images

The purpose of this study is to develop a method to analyse the pose of the knee nearthrosis mounted and to automate the registration procedure for easy use in clinical applications. The proposed registration method is essentially a model-based method, in which the CAD model is acquired by reverse engineering. The CAD model is converted into a two-dimensional (2D) image by a rendering technique, and the compatibility of the X-ray image and the image of the CAD model is investigated. To avoid the optimisation of six unknown parameters with respect to the relative pose between the condyle and tibial models, a 2D coordinate system is set on each component of the X-ray images. A 3D coordinate system is also set on each of the two nearthrosis components. With such a setup, there is only one unknown rotational angle on each component, which is determined by an optimum algorithm in accordance with the contour error between the X-ray image and the image of the CAD model. Extensive computer simulation and in vitro experiments using real X-ray images have been implemented to investigate the feasibility of the proposed registration method.
Is one month treatment with dabigatran before cardioversion of atrial fibrillation sufficient to prevent thromboembolism?

AIMS The use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients undergoing elective direct current (DC) cardioversion of non-acute atrial fibrillation (AF) can potentially shorten the time from initiation of anticoagulation treatment to cardioversion, compared with warfarin. The safety of this strategy needs to be investigated. Data from subgroup analysis from clinical trials with DOAC do not clarify whether 4-week treatment with DOAC is sufficient to prevent thromboembolism (TE) after cardioversion. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the incidence of TE in anticoagulant naive patients converted after one month's pre-treatment with dabigatran. METHODS AND RESULTS We scrutinized the medical records of 631 patients where dabigatran had been used prior to elective DC cardioversion. Transoesophageal echocardiography was rarely performed. Thromboembolism within 30 days of cardioversion was the primary endpoint. A total of 570 patients were naive to OAC when dabigatran was initiated. The mean age in this group was 64.2 ± 11 years and 31.7% were women. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 2.0 ± 1.5. The dose of dabigatran was 150 mg b.i. d. in 94% of the patients. The median time from initiation of dabigatran to cardioversion was 32.0 ± 15 days. In 91% cardioversion resulted in sinus rhythm. During the 30-day follow-up, three TE occurred for an incidence of 0.53% (0.18-1.54). CONCLUSION In this retrospective study from clinical material, we found a low incidence of TE when dabigatran was used as TE prophylaxis in association with elective cardioversion. These results indicate that dabigatran is a safe alternative strategy to warfarin during cardioversion in patients with AF.
Efficient and Low-Complexity Reception Algorithm for Soft Decoded MIMO Communication System

This paper introduces a simple but efficient reception algorithm for the MIMO systems with spatial multiplexing or Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time (BLAST) architecture and soft decoding. We also analyze the optimal maximum likelihood algorithm as well as the minimum mean squared error (MMSE) and MMSE with ordered successive interference cancellation (MMSE-OSIC) algorithms. The performance of these algorithms at the decoder input and output when soft and hard decoding are used is studied. A novel simple MMSE with soft decisions enhancement (MMSE-SDE) algorithm is proposed with improved characteristics for soft decoding. This algorithm provides up to 3 dB gain over MMSE and MMSE-OSIC in the ill-conditioned MIMO channel.
Nitric oxide-induced cellular stress and p53 activation in chronic inflammation

Free radical-induced cellular stress contributes to cancer during chronic inflammation. Here, we investigated mechanisms of p53 activation by the free radical, NO. NO from donor drugs induced both ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)- and ataxia-telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related-dependent p53 posttranslational modifications, leading to an increase in p53 transcriptional targets and a G2/M cell cycle checkpoint. Such modifications were also identified in cells cocultured with NO-releasing macrophages. In noncancerous colon tissues from patients with ulcerative colitis (a cancer-prone chronic inflammatory disease), inducible NO synthase protein levels were positively correlated with p53 serine 15 phosphorylation levels. Immunostaining of HDM-2 and p21WAF1 was consistent with transcriptionally active p53. Our study highlights a pivotal role of NO in the induction of cellular stress and the activation of a p53 response pathway during chronic inflammation.
The Tension between East and West

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Adoption of electronic commerce amongst small and medium enterprises

This paper presents initial phase research results that indicate the adoption of e-commerce applications among Malaysian SMEs from the manufacturing sector.Thruough a review of related research on innovation adoption and diffusion, two dimensional model was developed to depict e-commerce adoption.The results indicate that simple e-commerce apprications would be adopted first before SMEs embarked on more complex e-commerce applications.In terms of extent of usage, it was found that a majority of Malaysian mamfacturing SMEs hove adopted ecommerce applications on a parallel basis while vety few SMEs have substituted e-commerce applications for traditional method- of conducting business.
Variation-aware near threshold circuit synthesis

Near-Threshold Computing (NTC) is shown to be a promising approach for improving the energy efficiency of VLSI circuits. Nevertheless, by reducing the supply voltage the delay impact of process variation significantly increases, leading to up to 20× performance variation compared to the nominal voltage. As a result, it is wasteful of energy and performance to deal with such variation by increasing the timing margins, which is common in nominal voltage. Therefore, considering the impact of process variation during the near-threshold circuit design phase is of decisive importance. In this paper, we propose a variation-aware synthesis flow for NTC to address this problem. The objective is to improve the performance and energy efficiency of a circuit during design time by considering statistical variation information. This is done by providing variation information to the synthesis tool, evaluating the performance of the synthesized circuit by Statistical Static Timing Analysis (SSTA), and adjusting the timing constraints accordingly in an iterative manner. Simulation results for a set of benchmark circuits show that our proposed flow reduces the variation by 86.6% and improves the performance and energy by 24.9% and 7.4%, respectively, at the expense of 4.8% area overhead.
A Secure Base: Clinical Applications of Attachment Theory

Holmes, Preface to the Routledge Classics Edition. Preface. Caring for Children. The Origins of Attachment Theory. Psychoanalysis as Art and Science. Psychoanalysis as a Natural Science. Violence in the Family. On Knowing What You Are Not Supposed To Know and Feeling What You Are Not Supposed To Feel. The Role of Attachment in Personality and Development. Attachment, Communication, and the Therapeutic Process.
Foci of trinucleotide repeat transcripts in nuclei of myotonic dystrophy cells and tissues

We have analyzed the intracellular localization of transcripts from the myotonin protein kinase (Mt-PK) gene in fibroblasts and muscle biopsies from myotonic dystrophy patients and normal controls. In affected individuals, a trinucleotide expansion in the gene results in the phenotype, the severity of which is proportional to the repeat length. A fluorochrome-conjugated probe (10 repeats of CAG) hybridized specifically to this expanded repeat. Mt-PK transcripts containing CTG repeat expansions were detected in the nucleus as bright foci in DM patient fibroblasts and muscle biopsies, but not from normal individuals. These foci represented transcripts from the Mt-PK gene since they simultaneously hybridized to fluorochrome-conjugated probes to the 5'-end of the Mt-PK mRNA. A single oligonucleotide probe to the repeat and the sense strand each conjugated to different fluorochromes revealed the gene and the transcripts simultaneously, and indicated that these focal concentrations (up to 13 per nucleus) represented predominately posttranscriptional RNA since only a single focus contained both the DNA and the RNA. This concentration of nuclear transcripts was diagnostic of the affected state, and may represent aberrant processing of the RNA.
Multidimensional features of emotional speech

The purpose of this study is to investigate the features of emotional speech by means of multidimensional scaling procedure(MDS) based on visual-perceived similarity of vocal parameters. We extracted three vocal parameters (pitch, intensity and spectrogram) from speeches expressed emotions. Three researchers grouped together the cards of parameters in view of visual similarity. According to the result of MDS of spectrogram, we found two dimensions, plesureness(positive-negative) and activation(high activation-low activation), which are similar in structure to auditory perception in vocal emotions. Finally, we concluded that features of spectrogram related to pleasureness.