Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biodiversity of Yeasts Associated to Forest Ecosystem in Arasbaran-Iran

The objective of the present study was to analyze the biodiversity of yeasts associated to soil and plants in Arasbaran Forest Research Station has been selected as a research platform with area of ​​about 12,000 hectares in the basin of Sotan chay by East Azerbaijan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center. Sampling was carried out in two different regions of height. Site 1 and 2 were in above 1500-2000 meters and in low 1000 meters, respectively. The most of trees were including oak ( Quereus L.), black hawthorn or cranberries ( Crataegus ambigus ) and blueberries ( ornus mas L. ). The soil type in this area was undeveloped podzol soil with depth from 2 to 20 cm. The horizon of F / FH as the forest soil cover were used for soil sampling. A total of 60 samples (30 samples from each area) were taken from different parts of forest trees (Including leaves and rotting fruits, blossoms and rotting branches and soil of around the trunk of the trees and the soil under the dry leaves and the like) during the months of April to December in 2009. Representatives of the different morphotypes were purified and identified by the conventional methodology. Species richness was calculated as the number of different species per sampling site. The analysis of biodiversity was done by means of the Shannon-Weaver index. The value of the Shannon-Weaver (H) index of biodiversity in sampling time was higher at research pilot of Arasbaran forest with frequency of (S=129), (H'=3.04 and e H' = 20.83) and at sampling site 1 (S=88) and 2 (S=41) was (H'=3.01 and e H' = 20.25) and (H'=2.72 and e H' = 15.22), respectively. The same occurred with the species richness (S), with the Site 1 presenting greater richness (S = 88) compared to the Site 2 (S = 41).
Th230/U234 age of the Pleistocene corals and oolites of Florida

Determination of the activity ratio Th230/U234 in corals from the Pleistocene Key Largo limestone, a fossil coral reef, leads to the conclusion that the reef-forming corals lived about 130,000 years ago in a sea that stood about 10 meters higher than today. Similar ages for the Pleistocene Miami oolite suggest that this formation represents oolitic sand deposited contemporaneously with the coral reef. The age calculation is based on the assumption that living corals extract no thorium from sea water and thus any Th230 found in fossils results from the decay of U234. Measurements made on Recent corals from the same area generally confirm this assumption.
Family-Centered Care During Constraint-Induced Therapy after Chronic Stroke: A Feasibility Study

Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability (Benjamin et al., 2017) and creates significant societal and familial strain. Because informal caregivers are an integral part of a stroke survivor’s rehabilitation, the term “carepartner” is used to describe the collaborative relationship of the family member and stroke survivor during recovery, emphasizing the active role of the family member as a partner in working with the stroke survivor in recovery (Blanton et al., 2016). Carepartners’ (CPs) involvement can facilitate stroke recovery; but also may result in negative CP psychological outcomes (Clark et al., 2004; Haley et al.,
miR-376b controls starvation and mTOR inhibition-related autophagy by targeting ATG4C and BECN1

Macroautophagy (autophagy) is the major intracellular degradation pathway for long-lived proteins and organelles. It helps the cell to survive a spectrum of stressful conditions including starvation, growth factor deprivation and misfolded protein accumulation. Moreover, abnormalities of autophagy play a role in major health problems including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Yet, mechanisms controlling autophagic activity are not fully understood. Here, we describe hsa-miR-376b (miR-376b) as a new microRNA (miRNA) regulating autophagy. We showed that miR-376b expression attenuated starvation- and rapamycin-induced autophagy in MCF-7 and Huh-7 cells. We discovered autophagy proteins ATG4C and BECN1 (Beclin 1) as cellular targets of miR-376b. Indeed, upon miRNA overexpression, both mRNA and protein levels of ATG4C and BECN1 were decreased. miR-376b target sequences were present in the 3′ UTR of ATG4C and BECN1 mRNAs and introduction of mutations abolished their miR-376b responsiveness. Antagomir-mediated inactivation of the endogenous miR-376b led to an increase in ATG4C and BECN1 levels. Therefore, miR-376b controls autophagy by directly regulating intracellular levels of two key autophagy proteins, ATG4C and BECN1.
On factors responsible for recent secular trend in the onset phase of monsoon intraseasonal oscillations

The timing of the dramatic ‘onset’ and subsequent northward progression of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) are unique features of the monsoon annual cycle and are strongly linked to planning of agricultural activity and water management. Here, we show that the northward propagation of the first episode of intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) associated with the onset phase of ISM has slowed down significantly during the past decade compared with prior decades. The slowdown is due to systematic weakening of two regional climatic features responsible for northward progression of the tropical convergence zone (TCZ) namely, the vertical easterly wind shear and the north–south gradient of the mean low‐level humidity around the equator. Eastward shift of the Walker circulation associated with increasing strength of El Ninos appears to be responsible for weakening of the vertical wind shear over Indian monsoon region. The slow northward propagation during recent decades leads to a climatological sub‐seasonal oscillation representing a predictable component of the onset phase of the ISM. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Title: Presurgical somatostatin receptor ligands treatment does not affect tumor consistency in GH-secreting pituitary macroadenomas

: Purpose: To evaluate whether pre-surgical treatment using long-acting somatostatin receptor ligands (SRL) may change pituitary tumor consistency and improve surgical outcome in GH-secreting pituitary macroadenomas. Methods: Retrospective study of 40 patients with GH-secreting pituitary macroadenomas operated for the first time by endoscopic transsphenoidal approach. Tumor consistency was evaluated intraoperatively and then correlated with histopathological fibrosis parameters and surgical outcomes. Surgical remission was reported based on the 2010 criteria. Results: The mean tumor size of GH-secreting macroadenomas was of 16.9±8.2mm and 25 were invasive pituitary adenomas (PAs). Presurgical treatment with long-acting SRL was performed in 17 patients (11 lanreotide, 6 octreotide). The cure rate was higher in those patients pre-treated with monthly doses ≥30mg of octreotide or ≥90mg of lanreotide than in those treated with lower doses or untreated (8/11 vs 11/29, P=0.049). However, although the proportion of soft tumors increased as higher doses of SRL were considered in the pre-treated group, no statistical significance was reached, even when the highest approved monthly doses were used (6/6 vs 23/34, P=0.102). Moreover, we found that the remission rate was similar between fibrous and soft tumors (P=0.873) and also of surgical complications (P=0.859), despite of the higher prevalence of Knosp>2 (P=0.035) and very large PA (P=0.025) in fibrous tumors than in soft tumors. Conclusions: Although presurgical treatment with high doses of SRL was associated with a 2.2-fold greater chance of surgical remission, this benefit was not related with changes in tumor consistency induced by the presurgical treatment. homogeneity comparison of in comparison correlation (a2), and strong and diffuse positivity for GH (a3) in histological exams. Image b1 (T1 coronal with gadolinium administration) show a very hard Knosp grade 2 GH macroadenoma tumor in a patient not pre-treated with SRL. He was cured after surgery. This tumor presented high cellularity separated by fibrous septa (b2) and diffuse and strong positivity for GH (b3) in histological exams.
Farmers in an urban desert: San Diego County farmers' identity construction amidst a shifting regulatory environment and water scarcity

OF THE THESIS Farmers in an Urban Desert: San Diego County Farmers’ Identity Construction Amidst a Shifting Regulatory Environment and Water Scarcity by Rosemarie Ann Clark Master of Arts in Anthropology San Diego State University, 2010 This thesis focuses on a sample population of San Diego County farmers. Agriculture remains one of the top economic enterprises in the county, therefore a deep understanding of this group of the utmost importance. Currently, there is much literature written about and for San Diego County farmers which employs research methodologies such as surveys, focus groups, and listening sessions, etc. This thesis uses a qualitative approach with semistructured interviews as the main research methodology to describe San Diego County farmers’ perceptions of water and regulations, as well as their sense of collective identity. The history and background of California’s water, agriculture in San Diego County, and the regulations which most affect those interviewed are discussed. Literature focusing on the history of water in anthropology, livelihood, and the local Slow Food movement is also reviewed and used to better explain the results from this study. After conducting semi-structured interviews and analyzing transcripts, it was found that San Diego County farmers have specific perspectives on water and regulations which are influenced by the crop type farmed. San Diego County farmers were also found to collectively identify as a community of farmers and actively distinguished themselves from other professions.
When Giants Learn to Dance

WHEN GIANTS LEARN TO DANCE is the first comprehensive business strategy book to address the pressing challenges facing companies and careers today - an award-winning work that has become a business classic. Rosabeth Moss Kanter has already helped inject entrepreneurial dynamism into the corporate world with her bestselling THE CHANGE MASTERS. In WHEN GIANTS LEARN TO DANCE, she reveals how to avoid the dangers of both hierarchical stagnation and go-for-broke innovation and tells you how to keep your career in step with the corporate world's new and increasingly complex rhythms. The new key to a fast-track career is a flexible package of skills and services that Kanter details with authority and vision. Comprehensive and challenging, her blueprint for success is a must read for anyone in business who wants to stay competitive in the new millennium.
A stratigraphic model to account for complexity in aeolian dune and interdune successions

Wet aeolian systems, in which the water table or its capillary fringe are in contact with the accumulation surface, such that moisture influences sedimentation, are well‐known from modern aeolian systems and several ancient preserved successions are recognized from outcrop. One common mechanism by which accumulation of wet aeolian system deposits occurs is via a progressive rise in the relative water‐table level that is coincident with ongoing dune and interdune migration, the angle of dune climb being determined by the ratio between the rate of relative water‐table rise and the rate of downwind migration of the bedforms. Accumulations of wet aeolian system deposits tend to be characterized by units of climbing dune strata separated by units of damp or wet interdune strata. For simple geometric configurations, where the size of the dune and interdune units, the rate of bedform migration and the rate of aggradation all remain constant over space and time, the resulting accumulation has a simple architecture characterized by sets of uniform thickness inclined at a constant angle. However, the dynamic nature of most aeolian dune systems means that such simple configurations are unlikely in nature. The complexity inherent in these systems is accounted for here by a numerical model in which key controlling parameters, including dune and interdune wavelength and spacing, migration rate and aggradation rate, are allowed to vary systematically both spatially (from a dune‐field centre to its margin) and temporally (in response to changes in sediment availability or water‐table level). The range of synthetic stratigraphic architectures generated by the model accounts for all the best‐known examples of aeolian dune and interdune stratigraphic configurations documented from the stratigraphic record. Modelling results have enabled the erection of a scheme for the classification of dune system type whereby the many elaborate stratal architectures known to exist in nature can effectively be accounted for by only four parameters that are allowed to vary over space and time: dune and interdune wavelength and spacing, rate of bedform migration and rate of accumulation. Results have applied implications, including the modelling of reservoir heterogeneity and the prediction of fluid flow pathways of hydrocarbons, water, CO2 and contaminants in subsurface reservoirs and aquifers, in which low permeability interdune units might act as baffles or barriers.
Structure and internal deformation of the Arnaboll Thrust Sheet, NW Scotland: implications for strain localization in thrust belts

Abstract Descriptions of structural evolution across thrust belts commonly assume a transition from ductile to brittle deformation, reflecting a progressive reduction in temperature accompanying exhumation. The universality of this model is challenged here using field relationships at Ben Arnaboll, in the northern part of the Moine Thrust Belt. Deformation in the Arnaboll Thrust Sheet, an allochthonous basement body of amphibolite-facies gneisses and pegmatite sheets, carried onto Cambrian sediments, includes widely distributed, low-displacement shears developed under greenschist facies with ingress of water. These ductile deformations post-date the emplacement of the thrust sheet as they link kinematically to breaching thrust structures emanating from the footwall of the Arnaboll Thrust. The thrust itself records a transition from mylonitic (ductile) to strongly localized (brittle) deformation that pre-dates the breaching thrusts and therefore the deformation within the thrust sheet itself. The structure of breaching thrusts charts an up-dip transition from localized slip to distributed shearing analogous to the trishear in fold-thrust complexes, Therefore deformation of the Arnaboll Thrust Sheet shows a return from strongly localized translation-dominated brittle deformation to more broadly distributed ductile deformation. This is likely to have been promoted by the ingress of water and the concomitant reaction-enhanced weakening of the basement.
Ex Ante Impact Assessment of a Drought Tolerant Rice Variety in the Presence of Climate Change

Rice productivity and sustainability are continually threatened by abiotic stresses, particularly in the era of global climate change. In severe cases, 100% yield loss can be experienced due solely to abiotic stresses, such as drought. The situation may become worse due to climate change that may multiply the frequency and severity of such abiotic stresses. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop improved varieties that are more resilient to abiotic stresses. This study examines the net economic benefit and potential economic impacts of developing and disseminating a drought tolerant rice variety in South Asia. Drought is one of the most destructive abiotic stresses that not only causes major rice yield losses in South Asia, but also in other parts of Asia and Africa. Using the ORYZA2000 crop simulation model, we demonstrate that the new variety can provide yield gains in South Asia both when there is no change in the climate and also under the different climate scenarios projected by CGCM climate model. Moreover, our economic surplus analysis shows that the economic benefits from the successful development and dissemination of a drought tolerant variety more than outweigh the research investments needed to develop the variety. The partial equilibrium models we used also indicate that rice production is higher and rice prices are lower when a drought tolerant variety is adopted in South Asia (as compared to the case without this new variety). This in turn can lead to more sustainable rice production, improved food security, and better nutritional outcomes for the poor.
On Characterizing Adaptive Events Unique to Modern Humans Authors

1 Ever since the first draft of the human genome was completed in 2001 there has been 2 increased interest in identifying genetic changes that are uniquely human, which could account 3 for our distinct morphological and cognitive capabilities with respect to other apes. Recently, 4 draft sequences of two extinct hominin genomes, a Neanderthal and Denisovan, have been 5 released. These two genomes provide a much greater resolution to identify human-specific 6 genetic differences than the chimpanzee, our closest extant relative. The Neanderthal genome 7 paper presented a list of regions putatively targeted by positive selection around the time of the 8 human-Neanderthal split. We here seek to characterize the evolutionary history of these 9 candidate regions examining evidence for selective sweeps in modern human populations, as 10 well as for accelerated adaptive evolution across apes. Results indicate that 3 of the top 20 11 candidate regions show evidence of selection in at least one modern human population (p 12 <5x10). Additionally, 4 genes within the top 20 regions show accelerated amino acid 13 substitutions across multiple apes (p <0.01), suggesting importance across deeper evolutionary 14 time. These results highlight the importance of evaluating evolutionary processes across both 15 recent and ancient evolutionary timescales, and intriguingly suggest a list of candidate genes that 16 may have been uniquely important around the time of the human-Neanderthal split. 17 18
Imaging the Renner-Teller effect using laser-induced electron diffraction

Structural information on electronically excited neutral molecules can be indirectly retrieved, largely through pump-probe and rotational spectroscopy measurements with the aid of calculations. Here, we demonstrate the direct structural retrieval of neutral carbonyl disulfide (CS$_2$) in the B$^1$B$_2$ excited electronic state using laser-induced electron diffraction (LIED). We unambiguously identify the ultrafast symmetric stretching and bending of the field-dressed neutral CS$_2$ molecule with combined picometer and attosecond resolution using intrapulse pump-probe excitation and measurement. We invoke the Renner-Teller effect to populate the B$^1$B$_2$ excited state in neutral CS$_2$, leading to bending and stretching of the molecule. Our results demonstrate the sensitivity of LIED in retrieving the geometric structure of CS$_2$, which is known to appear as a two-center scatterer.
Test of a Benthic Macroinvertebrate Habitat—Flow Time Series Model Incorporating Disturbance and Recovery Processes

We tested a model [Benthic Invertebrate Time series Habitat Simulation (BITHABSIM)] for simulating the effect of changes in flow on benthic macroinvertebrate habitat and relative abundance. The model calculates a habitat index (WUA2) based on weighted usable area (WUA) modified to account for reduction of invertebrate abundance by flood disturbance and drying followed by recolonization. The test involved a comparison of WUA and WUA2 with a 1‐year abundance time series of the common New Zealand mayfly Deleatidium spp. in a small gravel‐bed river with naturally variable flows. The fit of WUA and WUA2 to the Deleatidium spp. abundance time series was judged on correlation and regression analysis of the magnitudes and slopes of the mean‐standardized indices and abundance versus time. WUA fit the low flow part of the abundance time series fairly well, but not the portion after flood disturbance. Over the entire time series, WUA fit Deleatidium spp. abundance and rate of change poorly. WUA2 fit Deleatidium abundance better, but the correlation was not quite statistically significant at the 95% level. However, it did explain the essential temporal pattern. The fit of the slopes of standardized WUA2 to the slopes of standardized Deleatidium spp. abundance was significant (R2 = 0.66), but with a systematic bias; high slopes were underestimated and low slopes overestimated. BITHABSIM adds biological realism to traditional hydraulic‐habitat modelling based on WUA and so improves the reliability of assessments of effects of flow change on benthic macroinvertebrates over the entire hydrograph. Parameter uncertainty and research needs to improve BITHABSIM and future process‐based models are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Title: Standardized biogeographic grouping system for annotating populations in 1 pharmacogenetic research

: 21 The varying frequencies of pharmacogenetic alleles between populations have important 22 implications for the impact of these alleles in different populations. Current population grouping 23 methods to communicate these patterns are insufficient as they are inconsistent and fail to reflect 24 the global distribution of genetic variability. To facilitate and standardize the reporting of 25 variability in pharmacogenetic allele frequencies, we present seven geographically-defined 26 groups: American, Central/South Asian, East Asian, European, Near Eastern, Oceanian, and 27 Sub-Saharan African, and two admixed groups: African American/Afro-Caribbean and Latino. 28 These nine groups are defined by global autosomal genetic structure and based on data from 29 large-scale sequencing initiatives. We recognize that broadly grouping global populations is an 30 oversimplification of human diversity and does not capture complex social and cultural identity. 31 However, these groups meet a key need in pharmacogenetics research by enabling consistent 32 communication of the scale of variability in global allele frequencies and are now used by 33 PharmGKB.
Half-minute-scale atomic coherence and high relative stability in 1 a tweezer clock 2

8 The preparation of large, low-entropy, highly coherent ensembles of identical quantum systems is 9 foundational for many studies in quantum metrology [1], simulation [2], and information [3]. Here, 10 we realize these features by leveraging the favorable properties of tweezer-trapped alkaline-earth 11 atoms [4–6] while introducing a new, hybrid approach to tailoring optical potentials that balances 12 scalability, high-ﬁdelity state preparation, site-resolved readout, and preservation of atomic coher- 13 ence. With this approach, we achieve trapping and optical clock excited-state lifetimes exceeding 14 40 seconds in ensembles of approximately 150 atoms. This leads to half-minute-scale atomic co- 15 herence on an optical clock transition, corresponding to quality factors well in excess of 10 16 . 16 These coherence times and atom numbers reduce the eﬀect of quantum projection noise to a level 17 that is on par with leading atomic systems [7, 8], yielding a relative fractional frequency stability 18 of 5 . 2(3) × 10 − 17 ( τ/s ) − 1 / 2 for synchronous clock comparisons between sub-ensembles within the 19 tweezer array. When further combined with the microscopic control and readout available in this 20 system, these results pave the way towards long-lived engineered entanglement on an optical clock 21 transition [9] in tailored atom arrays. 22