Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Topic Modeling to Infer the Influence of Research Citations on IPCC Assessment Reports

A common Big Data problem is the need to integrate large temporal data sets from various data sources into one comprehensive structure. Having the ability to correlate evolving facts between data sources can be especially useful in supporting a number of desired application functions such as inference and influence identification. As a real world application we use climate change publications based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which publishes climate change assessment reports every five years, with currently over 25 years of published content. Often these reports reference thousands of research papers. We use dynamic topic modeling as a basis for combining report and citation domains into one structure. We are able to correlate documents between the two domains to understand how the research has influenced the reports and how this influence has changed over time. In this use case, the topic report model used a total number of 410 documents and 5911 terms in the vocabulary while in the topic citations the vocabulary consisted of 25,154 terms and the number of documents was closer to 200,000 research papers.
Verification of asynchronous interface circuits with bounded wire delays

We address the problem of verifying that the gate-level implementation of an asynchronous circuit, with given or extracted bounds on wire and gate delays, is equivalent to a specification of the asynchronous circuit behavior described as a classical flow table. We give a procedure to extract the complete set of possible flow tables from a gate-level description of an asynchronous circuit under the bounded wire delay model. Given an extracted flow table and the initial flow table specification, we give procedures to construct a product flow table so as to check for machine equivalence under various modes of operation.
Energy Crisis and Productive Inefficiency: Micro-Evidence from Textile Sector of Faisalabad

This study measures productive inefficiency in the textile sector of Faisalabad due to recent energy crisis in Pakistan. Primary data is collected randomly from 125 firms of the industry. Results explain that these firms are facing huge production loss which varies from 23 to 65 percent in 8-hour shift and 21 to 60 percent in 10-hour shift. Spinning and textile firms are facing severe electricity outage while dyeing, chemical and processing firms have huge production losses due to gas shortage. The study further explains that 64 percent of the firms are willing to pay for uninterrupted energy supply and their willingness to pay varies on average in the range of PAK Rs 5 to 9 per unit of electricity.
Bailout Nation: How Greed and Easy Money Corrupted Wall Street and Shook the World Economy

Foreword. Acknowledgments. Introduction Bailout Nation. PART I A BRIEF HISTORY OF BAILOUTS. Chapter 1 A Brief History of Bailouts. Chapter 2 The Creation of the Federal Reserve, and Its Role in Creating Our Bailout Nation. Chapter 3 Pre-Bailout Nation (1860 1942). Chapter 4 Industrial-Era Bailouts (1971 1995). Intermezzo A Pattern Emerges. PART II THE MODERN ERA OF BAILOUTS. Chapter 5 Stock Market Bailouts (1987-1995). Chapter 6 The Irrational Exuberance Era (1996-1999). Chapter 7 The Tech Wreck (2000-2003). Chapter 8 The Backwards, Rate-Driven Economy. Intermezzo A Brief History of Finance and Credit. Chapter 9 The Mad Scramble for Yield. PART III MARKET FAILURE. Chapter 10 The Machinery of Subprime. Intermezzo A Memo Found in the Street: Uncle Sam the Enabler. Chapter 11 Radical Deregulation, Nonfeasance. Chapter 12 Strange Connections, Unintended Consequences. Chapter 13 Moral Hazard: Why Bailouts Cause Future Problems. PART IV BAILOUT NATION. Chapter 14 2008: Suicide by Democracy. Chapter 15 The Fall of Bear Stearns. Chapter 16 Dot-Com Penis Envy. Chapter 17 Year of the Bailout, Part I: The Notorious AIG. Chapter 18 The Year of the Bailout, Part II: Too Big to Succeed? Intermezzo Idiots Fiddle While Rome Burns. PART V POST-BAILOUT NATION. Chapter 19 Casting Blame. Chapter 20 Misplaced Fault. Chapter 21 The Virtues of Foreclosure. Chapter 22 Casino Capitalism. Postscript Advice to a New President. Notes. Index.
Modeling and preclinical trials for gliomas.

Glioma is the most common form of primary brain tumor. Although surgical resection of the tumor may be achieved, recurrence is almost inevitable because of the propensity of gliomas for infiltrative growth far into functionally intact brain tissue. Gliomas are classified into four clinical grades, with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) being the most aggressive type (World Health Organization [WHO] Grade IV). GBMs develop de novo, as primary glioblastomas, or through progressive malignification of lower-grade gliomas, termed secondary glioblastomas. Gliosarcomas and giant cell glioblastomas are two rare variants that also sort into the GBM diagnosis. Diffuse gliomas (WHO Grade II) are categorized into astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and mixed oligoastrocytomas, depending on the cells’ resemblance to astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. WHO Grade III gliomas constitute a more aggressive form and include anaplastic astrocytomas and anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (25).
Globalising food : agrarian questions and global restructuring

In an increasingly global world, societies are being provisioned from a bewildering array of sources as new countries and new food commodities are drawn into international markets. Globalising Food provides an innovative contribution to the area of political economy of agriculture, food and consumption through a revealing investigation of the globalisation and restructuring of localised agricultural sectors and food systems. The book draws on new theoretical perspectives and wide-ranging case studies from Britain, the USA, India, South Africa, New Zealand and Latin America. The key themes addresses range from giant multinational food corporations, rural industrialisation and World Bank policies, to the regulation of pollution, labour relations, urban food politics and environmental sustainability. Globalising Food offers important insights into the problems, consequences and limits of the industrialisation of agriculture and the provisioning of food in a global world as we approach the new millenium.
Feature Selection Based on Grouped Sorting

As an effective dimensionality reduction method, feature selection can remove the irrelevant variables and increase the accuracy in machine learning. In this paper, a feature selection method based on grouped sorting is proposed to solve the problem of high-dimensional data processing. As in this work, feature grouping is firstly carried out with the redundancy between the features as the group criteria and then we sort the features in each group by the classifying capacity. Finally we select the feature of the front rank in each group to constitute a new feature space. Through this, the redundant and irrelevant features are removed. We test the proposed method in numerical experiments on several data sets by different typical classifiers. The experimental results suggest that the method is effective.
Risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases in women in China: surveillance efforts.

OBJECTIVE To investigate risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their determinants in Chinese women. METHODS Data from the 2010 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance survey, comprising a nationally representative sample of women, were obtained to determine the prevalence of eight risk factors for chronic NCDs: current smoking, harmful use of alcohol, insufficient intake of fruit and vegetables, physical inactivity, overweight and obesity, raised blood pressure, raised fasting blood glucose and raised total serum cholesterol. The mean number of risk factors per woman was estimated. Their independent demographic and socioeconomic covariates were also examined with ordinal logistic regression. FINDINGS THE FOLLOWING PREVALENCES WERE FOUND: insufficient intake of fruit and vegetables, 51.7%; overweight and obesity, 32.3%; raised blood pressure, 29.7%; physical inactivity, 18.3%; raised total serum cholesterol, 18.1%; raised blood glucose, 7.0%; current smoking, 2.4%; and harmful use of alcohol, 1.3%. The mean number of risk factors per woman was 1.61; 48.0% of the women had at least two risk factors. Women who were older, poorer, from rural areas or from eastern or central China had more risk factors, but only being more than 35 years old, poorly educated and a resident of eastern or central China independently increased the likelihood of having multiple risk factors. CONCLUSION Risk factors for chronic NCDs are common among Chinese women aged 18 or older. Interventions to reduce these factors are needed and should target women who are older, who live in eastern or central China or who are poorly educated.
Effective Corporate Income Tax Rate In Romania: A Micro-Backward Looking Approach

Within the framework of micro-backward looking methodology, the paper computes the effective corporate income tax rate for Bucharest Stock Exchange non-financial companies for 2000 - 2009 period, using data from companies financial reports. We find that effective tax rate computed as profit tax/pre-tax income ratio was below the statutory tax rate, throughout the period, except for the year 2009 (when an alternative minimum tax was introduced) and the differences have diminished since the flat tax was adopted (2005). When applying a correlation analysis, we find that the difference between this effective tax rate and the statutory tax rate presents a strong negative correlation with the return on assets ratio (ROA). Also, we have find that commerce is enjoying the most favourable tax regime, while energy is the most heavily taxed.
Military Leadership and its Consequences on Ledership in Civil Organizations

The military leadership is a specific type of activity, presenting motivational, emotional and intellectual chellenges to the character of a military leader. The United States Army defines leadership as 'the process of influencing people by providing purpose, direction, and motivation while operating to accomplish the mission and inproving the organization' (Department of the Army 2006, pp. 1-2). The United States Air Force (USAF) has the similar definition of leadership: 'the art and science of influencing and directing people to accomplish the assigned mission' (Department of the Air Force 2006, p.1). In these two definitions we can quite clearly highlight two important elements, which are inherent to the leadership process, it is the mission to lead people and followers who should perform delivered tasks.In our opinion, the army has achieved a big success in the development of leadership unlike other organizations, because the issue of leadeship was arising in the military sphere much earlier than in civil organizations. In proof of this position, we can recall scientific works, which were written by such great people as Sun Tzu (The Art of War, about 500-600 B.C.), Maurice (The Strategikon, 6th or 7th century A.D.) and Carl von Clausewitz (On War, published in 1832).
Impact of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Pyogenic Vertebral Osteomyelitis: A Prospective Cohort Study

Objective. Pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO) are frequently misdiagnosed and patients often receive anti-inflammatory drugs for their back pain. We studied the impact of these medications. Methods. We performed a prospective study enrolling patients with PVO and categorized them depending on their drugs intake. Then, we compared diagnosis delay, clinical presentation at hospitalization, incidence of complications, and cure rate. Results. In total, 79 patients were included. Multivariate analysis found no correlation between anti-inflammatory drug intake and diagnosis delay, clinical presentation, complications, or outcome. Conclusion. Anti-inflammatory drugs intake does not affect diagnostic delay, severity at diagnosis, or complications of PVO.
Multimodal interaction in process control rooms: are we there yet?

Although process control rooms are advanced digital environments with a multitude of desktop and large displays, there still exists a gap between the interaction technologies being employed in pervasive displays used in other settings and those used in control rooms. Previous research on large displays is extensively geared towards investigating social interaction in non-serious environments. The potential of employing multimodal interactive displays to support work and collaboration in process control rooms is underexplored. This paper explores modern control rooms as interactive collaborative environments and presents a multimodal prototype that promotes the users' freedom and flexibility of work through gestural and spoken interaction. The design of the prototype was informed by three feedback sessions and two user studies with various stakeholders. Our findings indicate multimodal interaction in process control rooms should (a) support the feeling of control and safety during the interaction, (b) enable efficient access to information provided by system from a distance, and (c) provide freedom and flexibility of use anywhere in the control room.
Research on a photovoltaic system of MPPT hysteresis control based on adaptive FIR filter

The characteristics of photovoltaic array are relate to some environmental factors such as temperature and radiation intensity, load and the aging degree of the battery. Then the maximum power point will change with them. We can improve the tracking velocity and accuracy by using finite impulse response(FIR) filter predictive control algorithm and hysteresis control method. A simulation system based on MATLAB/simulink is developed. The result shows that the system could trace the maximum power point of the photovoltaic array in time and achieve the maximum power point tracing control rapidly and stably.
Rapid , CompetitiveEnzymoimmunoassayforAlbuminin Urine

In this solid-phase competitive enzymoimmunoassayfor albuminin human urine,antiserumto humanserum albumin labeled with horseradish peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) is Incubated with solid-phase-boundhuman serum albuminin the presenceof sample or standard.Resultsobtained correlate well (r = 0.96) withthoseof an establishedfluoroimmunoassay.The presentassaycoversthe range0.9 to200 mg/Land can be performedwithin1 h. These characteristics,together withthe simplicityof the assay protocol,make it veryuseful for monitoringlow concentrationsof albuminin unne. Detection of such minimal albuminuriaallows initiationof therapy that may prevent development of clinical proteinuria and associateddiabetic nephropathy.
Rządzenie aktywizacją – ujęcie metodologiczne

Podstawowym celem artykułu jest określenie użyteczności koncepcji rządzenia (governance) dla analizy programów aktywnej polityki społecznej (APS). W opracowaniu wykazano, że governance jest szeroka perspektywą badawczą, która pozwala na wielowymiarowe badania empiryczne. Rządzenie jest właściwą kategoria do analizowania funkcjonowania podmiotów polityki społecznej odpowiedzialnych za programy aktywnej polityki społecznej. Podstawową zaletą governance jest aktualność tego podejścia, którą dobrze oddaje hasło „rządzenia bez rządu” w ramach powiązań sieciowych i z wykorzystaniem szerokie spektrum instrumentów współczesnego zarządzania.
Proper finite-element discretization for torque computation of cage induction motors

In finite-element analysis of electrical machines, torque is typically computed using a method based on Maxwell's stress or virtual work. The accuracy of these methods is sensitive to the quality of the finite-element mesh in the air-gap region. The effects of the spatial discretization on the computed torque are studied. Power balance of the electrical machine is used as a reference to assess the accuracy of the direct torque computation.
Automated Exploration and Inspection: Comparing Two Visual Novelty Detectors

Mobile robot applications that involve exploration and inspection of dynamic environments benefit, and often even are dependant on reliable novelty detection algorithms. In this paper we compare and discuss the performance and functionality of two different on-line novelty detection algorithms, one based on incremental Principal Component Analysis and the other on a Grow-When-Required artificial neural network. A series of experiments using visual input obtained by a mobile robot interacting with laboratory and real-world environments demonstrate and measure advantages and disadvantages of each approach.
Image Segmentation By Multi-Shape Gc-Oaam

Image segmentation plays a crucial role in many medical-imaging applications, by automating or facilitating the delineation of anatomical structures and other regions of interest. The liver image is segmented by using confusion algorithm. The performance is improved by the implementation of multiple MTANN. The MTANN supervised filter was effective for enhancement in medical images and is useful for improving the sensitivity and specificity. Multi-shape GC – OAAM segmentation methods have implemented on abdomen MRI and edge detection on liver image. It improves the object delineation time than the existing method. This approach for segmentation of medical images can help in the proper detection of the region of interest and also can be very helpful for doctor’s diagnoses, medical teaching, learning and research. The salient feature of the algorithm is that it can automatically choose an optimal shape prior from among multiple priors at each voxel by minimizing the proposed sub-modular energy function. The minimization is per-formed in a sequential manner by the fusion move algorithm that uses the QPBO min-cut algorithm. Multi-shape GCs are proven to be more beneficial than single-shape GCs. Hence, the segmentation methods are validated by calculating statistical measures. The false positive (FP) is reduced and sensitivity and specificity improved by multiple MTANN. The comparative performance analysis is done between GC-OAAM and MTANN outputs. The performance of the MTANN is directly applied to the false positives. The multi resolution decomposition/composition techniques with two down/up-sampling steps allowed MTANNs to support a 28.8-by-28.8 mm square region.
Principles of Automatic Differentiation

This article provides an overview of some of the mathematical principles of Automatic Differentiation (AD). In particular, we summarise different descriptions of the Forward Mode of AD, like the matrix-vector product based approach, the idea of lifting functions to the algebra of dual numbers, the method of Taylor series expansion on dual numbers and the application of the push-forward operator, and explain why they all reduce to the same actual chain of computations. We further give a short mathematical description of some methods of higher-order Forward AD and, at the end of this paper, describe the Reverse Mode and explain its relation to the Forward Mode.
Automatic Reflection Detection on Dermatological Images Acquired via Mobile Devices

The late detection of skin cancer, especially melanoma, leads to an increase in mortality rates, therefore it is high time to embrace mobile teledermatology and adapt the existing methodologies to check out the malignancy level of a mole. Though, the usage of a smartphone camera gives rise to new pre-processing challenges like the treatment of reflections caused by the flash light or uneven illumination conditions. In this work, a new methodology to detect reflections on mobile-acquired dermatological images is presented, based on the different behaviour in terms of highlights invariance of the L and H colour channels, from the CIE L*a*b* and HSV color spaces, respectively. The achieved results confirm the good quality of the suggested algorithm.
The Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on the Management Capability and Sustainable Innovation (Study on Batik Small and Medium Enterprises in East Java Indonesia)

This study aims to examine and explain the effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the ability of management and continuous innovation in SMEs batik in East Java province of Indonesia. The findings of the study noted that Entrepreneurial orientation have a significant effect on the management capability but no significant effect on sustainable innovation. Management capabilities have a significant effect on continuous innovation. The study's findings also confirmed that entrepeneurial orientation will affect the sustainable innovation that has the support of management capabilities. In order to perform sustainable innovation, batik SMEs have the opportunity to develop a differentiation strategy. Innovation comes from creativity which is a collection of ideas, knowledge, skills and human experience. Innovation is also required to identify customer needs and develop new solutions to meet customer needs in the future. In order to perform sustainable innovation , batik SMEs have the opportunity to develop a differentiation strategy. Innovation comes from creativity which is a collection of ideas, knowledge, skills and human experience . Innovation is also required to identify customer needs and develop new solutions to meet customer needs in the future.
Glucagon-Like Peptide I Receptors in the Subfornical Organ and the Area Postrema Are Accessible to Circulating Glucagon-Like Peptide I

The intestinal incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide I (GLP-I) inhibits gastric motility and secretion in normal, but not in vagotomized subjects, pointing to a centrally mediated effect. Therefore, our aim was to study the availability of rat brain GLP-I receptors to peripherally injected 125I-labeled GLP-I. The specificity of the binding was tested by co-injection of excess amounts of unlabeled GLP-I. Using light microscopical autoradiography of rat brain sections, we found specific 125I-GLP-I binding exclusively in the subfornical organ and the area postrema. This binding was abolished when an excess amount of unlabeled GLP-I was co-injected with the labeled GLP-I. We conclude that cells in the subfornical organ and the area postrema could be responsive to blood-borne GLP-I. The observed binding of peripherally administered GLP-I to the subfornical organ and the area postrema, which both have close neuroanatomical connections with hypothalamic areas involved in water and appetite homeostasis, is consistent with the potential roles of circulating GLP-I in the central regulation of appetite and autonomic functions.
MFCC and ARM algorithms for text categorization

Text categorization is continuing to be one of the most researched NLP problems due to the ever-increasing amounts of electronic documents and digital libraries. In this paper, we present a novel text categorization method that combines the multitype features coselection for clustering and Association rule mining, for constructing text classifiers. The high dimensionality of text in a document has not been fruitful for the task of categorization, for which reason, feature clustering has been proven to be an ideal alternative to feature selection for reducing the dimensionality. We, therefore, use multitype features coselection for clustering (MFCC) to generate an efficient representation of documents and apply Association rule mining for training text classifiers. The method was extensively tested and evaluated. The proposed method achieves higher or comparable classification accuracy and F1 results compared with Decision tree. MFCC improves clustering performance.
The Profinite Grothendieck Conjecture for Closed Hyperbolic Curves over Number Fields

In this paper, we extend the results of [Tama] on the Grothendieck Conjecture for affine hyperbolic curves over finite fields to obtain a Grothendieck Conjecture-type result for singular, proper, stable log-curves over finite fields. Using this result, we derive a strong Grothendieck Conjecture-type result for smooth, proper hyperbolic curves over number fields, and a weak Grothendieck Conjecture-type result for smooth, proper, hyperbolic curves over local fields with ordinary reduction.