Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling Processes of Inferring Good Maximally Redundant Tests

Good test analysis is considered. Two kinds of classification subtasks are defined: attributive and object ones. Some ideas of modeling and optimization of inferring good maximally redundant tests are formalized. An algorithm of inferring good maximally redundant tests based on the decomposition into attributive subtasks is given, where good maximally redundant tests are regarded as concepts of formal concept analysis. An approach to incremental inferring good maximally redundant tests is considered. Keywords—Good classification test, modeling, Galois mappings, decomposition, implications, inferring rules, incremental, formal concept analysis.
On the Vectorization of FIR Filterbanks

This paper presents a vectorization technique to implement FIR filterbanks. The word vectorization, in the context of this work, refers to a strategy in which all iterative operations are replaced by equivalent vector and matrix operations. This approach allows that the increasing parallelism of the most recent computer processors and systems be properly explored. The vectorization techniques are applied to two kinds of FIR filterbanks (conventional and recursi ve), and are presented in such a way that they can be easily extended to any kind of FIR filterbanks. The vectorization approach is compared to other kinds of implementation that do not explore the parallelism, and also to a previous FIR filter vectorization approach. The tests were performed in Matlab and, in order to explore different aspects of the proposed technique.
On the Copula for multivariate Extreme Value distributions

We show that all multivariate Extreme Value distributions, which are the possible weak limits of the $K$ largest order statistics of iid sequences, have the same copula, the so called K-extremal copula. This copula is described through exact expressions for its density and distribution functions. We also study measures of dependence, we obtain a weak convergence result and we propose a simulation algorithm for the K-extremal copula.
Teacher-Librarians in Learning Organizations

Teacher-librarians in a learning organization must function both as members of teams engaged in organizational learning and as leaders of leaders. Teacher-librarians must be a mirror image of teachers, plus contribute more to the school. This paper examines the characteristics of the work of teachers and teacher-librarians in four major categories: knowledge base; technical skills; personal, interpersonal, and team skills; and values and beliefs. The knowledge base and technical skills, plus new information technology provide new mental models for all teachers. The acceptance of resource-based learning, with its emphasis on life long learning, is consistent with personal mastery, a key discipline of the learning organization. To assume this leadership role, teacher-librarians will have to remain on the cutting edge and must be exemplars of personal mastery. In addition, they need strong personal, interpersonal, and team skills. They will succeed in meeting this challenge only if they are motivated by deeply held values and beliefs regarding the development of a shared vision, one that includes the right of all to develop a love of lifelong learning and the skills to make that possible. This right extends not only to students but also to their teachers, for teacher-librarians must increasingly assume a role in staff development and training. For teacher-librarians to fill the leadership role, and to gain the support and respect of the school principal, they must have the credibility that comes from being the mirror-image of other teachers, plus more. (Contains 43 references.) (SWC) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ********************************************************************************
Dynamic labeling and tree kernels with gap penalties

Positive definiteness and computational efficiency are two important factors in designing kernels. In this paper, we focus on kernels for trees, and show an important and useful technique to design positive definite tree kernels that can be computed efficiently based on the dynamic programming methodology. We call the technique dynamic labeling. In combination with the partitionable string kernel technique, this technique yields a useful framework to design tree kernels that has a much wider range of application compared with the framework known in the literature.
Enhanced Adaptive data cache invalidation approach for mobile ad hoc network

A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a collection of mobile nodes communicating within a transmission range and it is a self-configuring network of mobile routers. The concept of caching frequently accessed data provides efficient communication among mobile nodes. The main objective is to avoid the stale data using invalidation policy based on TTL. In this paper we introduce an Enhanced Adaptive TTL (EATTL) algorithm in which each 1-hop distance node's to data cache node maintain a hash table for cache invalidation. Data item name is used as key and TTL used as its value. Simulations are carried out in NS-2 to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme. The simulation results showed that EATTL algorithm can cut the query delay by a factor of 3 and double the throughput compared to the Adaptive TTL.
Prospective validation of EuroSCORE II in patients undergoing cardiac surgery in Argentinean centres.

OBJECTIVES The European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II (EuroSCORE II) is an updated version of the original EuroSCORE that must be extensively validated. The objective was to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of EuroSCORE II in predicting the immediate results of cardiac surgery in Argentinean centres. METHODS A prospective consecutive series of 503 adults who underwent cardiac surgery between January 2012 and April 2013 was studied. EuroSCORE II discrimination and accuracy were assessed in the overall cohort and in two surgically defined subgroups: isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and non-CABG surgery. Additionally, a risk-adjusted cumulative sum control chart analysis was performed. RESULTS In-hospital overall mortality rate was 4.17%, while the mortality rate predicted by the EuroSCORE II was 3.18% (P = 0.402). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated a good overall (area 0.856) and non-CABG subgroup (area 0.857) discrimination (P = 0.0001), while discrimination in the CABG subgroup was poorer (area 0.794, P = 0.014). The model showed good calibration in predicting in-hospital mortality, both overall (Hosmer-Lemeshow, P = 0.082) and for each subgroup (non-CABG, P = 0.308, and CABG, P = 0.150). CONCLUSIONS EuroSCORE II reflects a better current surgical performance and offers a new quality standard to evaluate local outcomes. EuroSCORE showed an overall good discriminative capacity and calibration in this local population; nevertheless, the model performed optimally in non-CABG surgery and in highest-risk patients, underestimating in-hospital mortality in lowest-risk cases. The latter finding may be interpreted as an inadequate behaviour of the model, as a poor performance of surgeons or both. Larger prospective studies will elucidate this hypothesis.
Hierarchical Clustering for Segmenting Fused Image Using Discrete Cosine Transform with Artificial Bee Colony Optimization

In this paper, a robust and improved image segmentation technique is proposed for segmentation of a fused image based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) with Artificial Bee Colony Optimization (ABC) termed as DCTopti. It is very challenging task to perceive details information from a visual image due to variation of light, reflection, existence of shadow etc., while in case of infrared images, as the energy is tracked in the photometry, image can be acquired at night. Mainly image fusion is done to solve the object detection problem from the image, where the resultant fused image contains more information than the input images. K-means, an iterative method for separating a data into k number of groups has been opted to segment the fused images using Hierarchical algorithm. Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) is used for comparing the quality of the resulting fused image using the proposed technique with other benchmark methods. The result of this proposed Hierarchical K-means Clustering (HKmC) method shows its robustness for segmenting the fused images.
Experimental and Numerical investigation of hot-jet ignition with shock effects in a constant-volume combustor

References Pre-chamber jet ignition is a useful approach for lean, low-NOx combustion, and used in natural gas IC engines [2], pulse detonated engines [3], and more recently, in wave rotor combustors (WRC) [1]. Combustion initiated by hot jet ignition is a complex phenomenon which includes jet penetration and mixing, ignition of relatively cold combustible mixture, vortex generation, shock-wave propagation and their interactions. Shock interaction with the density gradients and the resulting baroclinic vorticity accelerates the initial ignition. This can be a means for faster combustion in the WRC, as the vorticity increases mixing, flame surface area, and turbulence, which can all contribute to increased heat release rate. The WRC consists of an array of channels arranged around the axis of a cylindrical drum. When used as a novel combustor in gas turbine engines, the WRC can reduce fuel consumption rate, greenhouse gas emissions, and required engine air flow sizing by up to 20% based on thermodynamics.
Student-Based Budgeting as a Mechanism for Promoting Democratic Decision Making: Testing the Theory of Action

Although student-based budgeting (SBB) is a multifaceted finance, governance, and management reform, little research has examined its governance effects. This article addresses that gap by reporting findings from a “critical case” of SBB, implemented under conditions that might promote meaningful teacher, parent, and community engagement in site-based policy decisions. Anchored in theories of the micropolitics of schools and conceptions of democratic decision making, this case demonstrates that SBB did not alter how principals engaged teachers, parents, and community members in budget decision-making processes. Generally speaking, decision-making processes represented narrow and shallow forms of actor engagement and democratic decision making. Study findings reveal that SBB in its current form is not a robust mechanism for realizing its governance aims and suggest that other factors, including but not limited to the misalignment of accountability and authority, warrant the attention of researchers and policy makers.
Making GUI Testing Practical: Bridging the Gaps

The effort and expertise required for manually crafting the models for model-based testing (MBT) is a major obstacle slowing down its industrial adoption. For implemented and executable systems, there are approaches to automate some part or even the whole process of creating the models for MBT. Recently, using extracted models for testing graphical user interface (GUI) applications has been a popular area of research, but most of the proposed approaches have limitations and restrictions on what can be modeled, and the software industry has not adopted these approaches. In this paper, we try to identify the gaps between the academic approaches and tools and industrial requirements hindering the industrial adoption, and try to suggest practical solutions to the identified gaps.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE CRAYFISH NEUROMUSCULAR APPARATUS

The synapse-bearing nerve terminals of the opener muscle of the crayfish Procambarus were reconstructed using electron micrographs of regions which had been serially sectioned. The branching patterns of the terminals of excitatory and inhibitory axons and the locations and sizes of neuromuscular and axo-axonal synapses were studied. Excitatory and inhibitory synapses could be distinguished not only on the basis of differences in synaptic vesicles, but also by a difference in density of pre- and postsynaptic membranes. Synapses of both axons usually had one or more sharply localized presynaptic "dense bodies" around which synaptic vesicles appeared to cluster. Some synapses did not have the dense bodies. These structures may be involved in the physiological activity of the synapse. Excitatory axon terminals had more synapses, and a larger percentage of terminal surface area devoted to synaptic contacts, than inhibitory axon terminals. However, the largest synapses of the inhibitory axon exceeded in surface area those of the excitatory axon. Both axons had many side branches coming from the main terminal; often, the side branches were joined to the main terminal by narrow necks. A greater percentage of surface area was devoted to synapses in side branches than in the main terminal. Only a small fraction of total surface area was devoted to axo-axonal synapses, but these were often located at narrow necks or constrictions of the excitatory axon. This arrangement would result in effective blockage of spike invasion of regions of the terminal distal to the synapse, and would allow relatively few synapses to exert a powerful effect on transmitter release from the excitatory axon. A hypothesis to account for the development of the neuromuscular apparatus is presented, in which it is suggested that production of new synapses is more important than enlargement of old ones as a mechanism for allowing the axon to adjust transmitter output to the functional needs of the muscle.
Exploring texture-based parameters for noninvasive detection of diffuse liver diseases and liver cancer from ultrasound images

Non-invasive, image based detection of diseases is one of the most important issues in the nowadays research of biomedical images, because it prevents from some serious problems, that could be generated by the invasive techniques and could be dangerous for the patients. Texture is a fundamental visual property of the tissue providing a lot of information concerning its pathological state. Thus, we developed specific methods for texture analysis and recognition, for automatic and semi-automatic detection of some liver diseases from ultrasound images, in order to assist the medical personal in establishing a diagnostic in non-invasive way. We also performed some studies concerning the relevance of these parameters in the case of various liver diseases.
A token-based distributed scheduling for mesh networks with chain topologies

The IEEE 802.11 DCF protocol used in multihop networks with chain topologies does not provide fair throughput to each node due to the hidden/exposed terminal problem and edge node effect. Eliminating the contention from hidden nodes is the key to providing high performance in the mesh network. We propose a token-based distributed scheduling scheme that not only guarantees throughput fairness among nodes but also allows allocation of proportional throughput among nodes.
Polyphosphates in Intraradical and Extraradical Hyphae of an Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus, Gigaspora margarita

ABSTRACT The amount of polyphosphate in the intraradical and extraradical hyphae of Gigaspora margarita was estimated from successive extractions with trichloroacetic acid (TCA), EDTA, and phenol-chloroform (PC). In the intraradical hyphae, most of the polyphosphate was present in TCA- and EDTA-soluble (short-chain and long-chain) fractions, whereas most of the polyphosphate in the extraradical hyphae was present in EDTA- and PC-soluble (long-chain and granular) fractions.
An fMRI study of the neural correlates of incidental versus directed emotion processing in pediatric bipolar disorder.

OBJECTIVE To use functional neuroimaging to probe the affective circuitry dysfunctions underlying disturbances in emotion processing and emotional reactivity in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD). METHOD Equal numbers of controls (HC) and unmedicated patients with euthymia and PBD were matched for age, sex, race, socioeconomic status, and IQ (n = 10 per group; mean age 14.2 years [SD 2.0 years]). The task consisted of a "directed" emotion processing condition where subjects judged whether emotion in facial expression was positive or negative and an "incidental" condition where subjects judged whether faces expressing similar affect were older or younger than 35 years. RESULTS Relative to the directed condition, the incidental condition elicited greater activation in the right amygdala and the right insula, the left middle frontal gyrus, and the left posterior cingulate cortex in patients with PBD, in contrast to the HC that showed greater activation in the right superior frontal gyrus. In both incidental and directed conditions, relative to visual fixation, patients with PBD showed less activation in the right prefrontal cortex (superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyri) and the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex and greater activation in the posterior visual and face-processing regions (i.e., right precuneus/cuneus, fusiform gyrus). CONCLUSIONS Increased amygdala activation observed in patients with PBD elicited by incidental emotional processing relative to directed emotional processing may indicate more intense automatic emotional reactivity. Furthermore, the right prefrontal systems that are believed to modulate affect seem to be less engaged in patients with PBD regardless of whether the emotion processing is incidental or directed, which may signify reduced top-down control of emotional reactivity in PBD.
Performance Evaluation of DOA Estimation using MATLAB

This paper presents the performance analysis of directions of arrival estimation techniques, Subspace and the Non-Subspace methods. In this paper, exploring the analysis category of high resolution and super resolution algorithms, presentation of description, comparison and the performance and resolution analyses of these algorithms are made. Sensitivity to various perturbations and the effect of parameters related to the design of the sensor array itself such as the number of array elements and their spacing are also investigated.
“Weekend effect” on stroke mortality revisited

AbstractPrevious studies have yielded inconsistent results on whether weekend admission is associated with increased mortality after stroke, partly because of differences in case mix. Claims-based studies generally lack sufficient information on disease severity and, thus, suffer from inadequate case-mix adjustment. In this study, we examined the effect of weekend admission on 30-day mortality in patients with ischemic stroke by using a claims-based stroke severity index.This was an observational study using a representative sample of the National Health Insurance claims data linked to the National Death Registry. We identified patients hospitalized for ischemic stroke, and examined the effect of weekend admission on 30-day mortality with vs without adjustment for stroke severity by using multilevel logistic regression analysis adjusting for patient-, physician-, and hospital-related factors. We analyzed 46,007 ischemic stroke admissions, in which weekend admissions accounted for 23.0%. Patients admitted on weekends had significantly higher 30-day mortality (4.9% vs 4.0%, P < 0.001) and stroke severity index (7.8 vs 7.4, P < 0.001) than those admitted on weekdays. In multivariate analysis without adjustment for stroke severity, weekend admission was associated with increased 30-day mortality (odds ratio (OR), 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.34). This association became null after adjustment for stroke severity (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.95–1.20). The “weekend effect” on stroke mortality might be attributed to higher stroke severity in weekend patients. While claims data are useful for examining stroke outcomes, adequate adjustment for stroke severity is warranted.
Structural Changes in Education in England

In discussing the various reforms which have taken place in Great Britain over the last decade, it is always a mistake to assume that there is an existing unified na­ tion. Scotland and to a much more limited extent, Wales, always march to different drummers in matters educational ; therefore, I shall restrict this article as far as possible to educational events in England. This early point on differences in Great Britain is not merely pedantic. The Scots, for example, with
Left atrial function and deformation in chronic primary mitral regurgitation.

AIMS To study global and regional left atrial (LA) mechanics in chronic primary mitral regurgitation (MR) with echocardiography. METHODS AND RESULTS LA volumes during reservoir, conduit, and contractile phases were measured in 27 MR patients and 25 controls. LA ejection fraction (EF) and ejection force were calculated. Reservoir (SR-R), conduit (SR-C), and contractile phase (SR-A) strain rates, and reservoir phase strain were obtained. LA volumes were higher in MR in all phases. In MR, ejection force was increased (21.5 vs. 12.3 kdynes, P = 0.001); reservoir phase strain (32.91 +/- 14.26%), SR-R (2.65 +/- 0.87), SR-C (-2.02 +/- 0.58), and SR-A (-2.55 +/- 1.31 s(-1)) were increased (23.14 +/- 7.96%, 1.62 +/- 0.53, -1.29 +/- 0.59, -1.98 +/- 0.65 s(-1), in controls, respectively, P < or = 0.004). Regional deformation correlated with corresponding volumetric parameters. Despite enhanced SR-A in MR, LA EF was unchanged (31.34 vs. 29.23%, P = ns), and LA contractile tissue velocity (A') was reduced (-5.39 +/- 1.95 vs. -6.91 +/- 1.80 cm/s, P = 0.006). The LA contractile contribution to left ventricular filling was significantly reduced in MR. CONCLUSION LA deformation is increased in all phases in MR. Unchanged LA EF and reduced A' may reflect the reduced contractile contribution to left ventricular filling.
In vivo quantification and perturbation of Myc-Max interactions and the impact on oncogenic potential

The oncogenic bHLH-LZ transcription factor Myc forms binary complexes with its binding partner Max. These and other bHLH-LZ-based protein-protein interactions (PPI) in the Myc-Max network are essential for the physiological and oncogenic activities of Myc. We have generated a genetically determined and highly specific protein-fragment complementation assay based on Renilla luciferase to analyze the dynamic interplay of bHLH-LZ transcription factors Myc, Max, and Mxd1 in vivo. We also applied this PPI reporter to quantify alterations of nuclear Myc-Max complexes in response to mutational events, competitive binding by the transcriptional repressor Mxd1, or perturbations by small-molecule Myc inhibitors, including recently identified potent PPI inhibitors from a Kröhnke pyridine library. We show that the specificity of Myc-Max PPI reduction by the pyridine inhibitors directly correlates with their efficient and highly specific potential to interfere with the proliferation of human and avian tumor cells displaying deregulated Myc expression. In a direct comparison with known Myc inhibitors using human and avian cell systems, the pyridine compounds reveal a unique inhibitory potential even at sub-micromolar concentrations combined with remarkable specificity for the inhibition of Myc-driven tumor cell proliferation. Furthermore, we show in direct comparisons using defined avian cell systems that different Max PPI profiles for the variant members of the Myc protein family (c-Myc, v-Myc, N-Myc, L-Myc) correlate with their diverse oncogenic potential and their variable sensitivity to the novel pyridine inhibitors.