Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Konsep dan Penerapan Intervensi Prehospital pada Stroke: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka

ABSTRACT Stroke patients require immediate medical treatment before 4.5 hours to reduce the risk of death and disability. Stroke patients may experience impaired brain function caused by damage or death of brain tissue. Delay in treating stroke in patients can cause brain damage that appears more severe. Prehospital intervention can be an important initial treatment for stroke patients either while the patient is still at home or during the transfer process to the hospital. This literature review aims to determine the concept and application of prehospital interventions that can be given to stroke patients. This research is a literature review using the Pubmed database and the Google Scholar search engine. The English keywords used “stroke AND prehospital intervention OR emergency medical services OR EMS”. Meanwhile, the Indonesian keywords used “stroke AND intervensi prehospital OR emergency medical services OR EMS”. The results obtained were 19 full-text articles discussing prehospital stroke interventions with the year of publication 2012-2022. In conclusion, the prehospital aspect of stroke in Indonesia still needs development in terms of human resources and infrastructure in order to provide optimal service for patients who have had a stroke. Keywords: Emergency Medical Services, Mobile Stroke Unit, Prehospital, Stroke ABSTRAK Pasien serangan stroke memerlukan penanganan medis segera sebelum 4,5 jam untuk mengurangi risiko kematian dan kecacatan. Pasien serangan stroke dapat mengalami gangguan fungsi otak yang disebabkan oleh adanya kerusakan atau kematian jaringan otak. Terlambatnya penanganan stroke pada pasien dapat menyebabkan kerusakan otak yang muncul semakin berat. Intervensi prehospital dapat menjadi upaya awal yang penting dilakukan untuk pasien stroke baik saat pasien masih di rumah atau saat proses transfer ke rumah sakit. Tinjauan pustaka ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep dan penerapan intervensi prehospital yang dapat diberikan kepada pasien stroke. Penelitian ini berupa tinjauan pustaka menggunakan database Pubmed dan search engine google scholar. Kata kunci bahasa Inggris yang digunakan adalah “stroke AND prehospital intervention OR emergency medical services OR EMS”. Sedangkan, kata kunci Bahasa Indonesia yang digunakan adalah “stroke AND intervensi prehospital OR emergency medical services OR EMS”. Hasil didapatkan terdapat 19 artikel full-text yang membahas mengenai intervensi prehospital stroke dengan tahun publikasi 2012-2022. Kesimpulannya, aspek prehospital stroke di Indonesia masih perlu pengembangan dari segi sumber daya manusia maupun infrastrukturnya agar dapat memberikan pelayanan yang optimal bagi pasien yang mengalami serangan stroke. Kata Kunci: Emergency Medical Services, Mobile Stroke Unit, Prehospital, Stroke
Adaptive Neural Discrete-Time Fractional-Order Control for a UAV System With Prescribed Performance Using Disturbance Observer

In this paper, an adaptive neural discrete-time (ANDT) fractional-order tracking control scheme is proposed for an unmanned aerial vehicle system with prescribed performance in the presence of system uncertainties and unknown bounded disturbances based on a discrete-time disturbance observer (DTDO). The system uncertainties are handled using neural network (NN) approximation. To compensate for the adverse effects of unknown disturbances, an NN-based DTDO is designed. On the basis of the NN, the designed DTDO and the backstepping technology, an ANDT fractional-order control scheme with prescribed performance is developed. Then, the tracking errors are convergent under the proposed control scheme. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed discrete-time control scheme is demonstrated by numerical simulation results.
Immunochemical Identification of the Main Cell Wall Polysaccharides of the Early Land Plant Marchantia polymorpha

Plant primary cell walls are composite structures surrounding the protoplast and containing pectins, hemicelluloses, and cellulose polysaccharides, as well as proteins. Their composition changed during the evolution of the green lineage from algae to terrestrial plants, i.e., from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment. The constraints of life in terrestrial environments have generated new requirements for the organisms, necessitating adaptations, such as cell wall modifications. We have studied the cell wall polysaccharide composition of thalli of Marchantia polymorpha, a bryophyte belonging to one of the first land plant genera. Using a collection of specific antibodies raised against different cell wall polysaccharide epitopes, we were able to identify in polysaccharide-enriched fractions: pectins, including low-methylesterified homogalacturonans; rhamnogalacturonan I with arabinan side-chains; and hemicelluloses, such as xyloglucans with XXLG and XXXG modules, mannans, including galactomannans, and xylans. We could also show the even distribution of XXLG xyloglucans and galactomannans in the cell walls of thalli by immunocytochemistry. These results are discussed with regard to the cell wall proteome composition and in the context of the evolution of the green lineage. The cell wall polysaccharides of M. polymorpha illustrate the transition from the charophyte ancestors of terrestrial plants containing xyloglucans, xylans and mannans as hemicelluloses, and embryophytes which do not exhibit mannans as major primary cell wall polysaccharides.
Safety Assessment of Cooperative Platooning in Mixed Traffic

: The safety impacts of cooperative platooning in mixed trafﬁc consisting of human-driven, connected, and connected–automated vehicles were evaluated. The cooperative platooning, in the case of the mixed trafﬁc control algorithm evaluated here, was cooperative adaptive cruise control with an unconnected vehicle (CACCu). Its safety and string stability were evaluated using a high-ﬁdelity simulation based on real-world vehicle trajectories. An adaptive cruise control (ACC) algorithm was selected for comparison purposes. The results indicate that the cooperative platooning in mixed trafﬁc control algorithm (CACCu) maintains string stability and operates with greater safety than the ACC.
Forces at the interface of gradability and quantification

This paper ties together four cross-linguistic generalizations: (i) proportional readings for quantity superlatives are typologically marked; (ii) adverbial superlatives have only relative readings; (iii) quantity superlatives agree in number with the noun on proportional, but not relative readings; (iv) adverbial morphosyntax can be used with quantity superlatives on relative readings. We propose that the commonalities between quantity and adverbial superlatives are due to the fact that comparison is being made among degrees or events rather than individuals, and offer a compositional account.
Makespan Minimization for the Two-Stage Hybrid Flow Shop Problem with Dedicated Machines: A Comprehensive Study of Exact and Heuristic Approaches

This paper presents a comprehensive approach for minimizing makespan in the challenging two-stage hybrid flowshop with dedicated machines, a problem known to be strongly NP-hard. This study proposed a constraint programming approach, a novel heuristic based on a priority rule, and Tabu search procedures to tackle this optimization problem. The constraint programming model, implemented using a commercial solver, serves as the exact resolution method, while the heuristic and Tabu search explore approximate solutions simultaneously. The motivation behind this research is the need to address the complexities of scheduling problems in the context of two-stage hybrid flowshop with dedicated machines. This problem presents significant challenges due to its NP-hard nature and the need for efficient optimization techniques. The contribution of this study lies in the development of an integrated approach that combines constraint programming, a novel heuristic, and Tabu search to provide a comprehensive and efficient solution. The proposed constraint programming model offers exact resolution capabilities, while the heuristic and Tabu search provide approximate solutions, offering a balance between accuracy and efficiency. To enhance the search process, the research introduces effective elimination rules, which reduce the search space and simplify the search effort. This approach improves the overall optimization performance and contributes to finding high-quality solutions. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The heuristic approach achieves complete success in solving all instances for specific classes, showcasing its practical applicability. Furthermore, the constraint programming model exhibits exceptional efficiency, successfully solving problems with up to n=500 jobs. This efficiency is noteworthy compared to instances solved by other exact solution approaches, indicating the scalability and effectiveness of the proposed method.
New results of mixed-delay-dependent robust stability criteria for uncertain neutral systems

This paper investigates the problem of the delay-dependent stability of neutral systems with mixed-delay and time-varying structured uncertainties. Different from the existing techniques, some less conservative criteria are presented by combining the free-weighting matrix technique and Wirtinger-based integral inequality technique. Numerical examples illustrate the improvement of this approach over previous methods.
Effect of postoperative residual astigmatism on visual outcomes after trifocal intraocular lens implantation

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of residual astigmatism on postoperative visual outcomes after trifocal intraocular lens implantation. Methods In this prospective observational study, we divided 156 eyes into two groups according to postoperative astigmatism measured by subjective optometry and followed them up for 3 months. Visual acuity, modulation transfer function (MTF) curves, Strehl ratio (SR), Visual Function Index-14 scores, and photic phenomena were compared. Results Linear regression analysis revealed a weak correlation between residual astigmatism and uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) (r = 0.190, P = 0.016) at 3 months and a significant between-group difference at 1- and 3-month postoperative UDVA (P = 0.038, P = 0.018, respectively). MTF curve values and SR (MTF-10 total, MTF-10 cornea, MTF-30 total, MTF-30 cornea, SR Total, and SR cornea) were significantly worse (P < 0.001), and the Visual Function Index-14 scores were lower in the 0.5 < astigmatism ≤ 1.25 D group (P < 0.05) than in the astigmatism ≤ 0.5 D group. No significant differences were found in the frequency, severity, and bothersomeness of photic phenomena (P > 0.05). Conclusion Postoperative residual astigmatism affects the UDVA of the trifocal intraocular lens-implanted eyes. Although we found no significant differences in uncorrected intermediate and near visual acuity, both objective and subjective visual quality were affected, suggesting the need for surgical planning when the anticipated postoperative astigmatism is >0.5 D.
X-ray telescope mirror mounting and deformation reduction using ThermoYield actuators and mirror geometry changes

Recently, the X-ray optics community has been developing technology for high angular resolution, large collecting area X-ray telescopes such as the Lynx mission concept. To meet the high collecting area requirements of such telescope concepts, research is being conducted on thin, segmented optics. The precision mounting posts that fixture and align segmented optics must be the correct length to sub-micron accuracy to satisfy the angular resolution goals of such a concept. Mirror distortion caused by adhesive shrinkage at mount points on the mirror surface also needs to be controlled to micron-radian tolerances. We report on two solutions to these problems. Set-and-forget adjustable length optical mounting posts have been developed to control mirror spacer length. The actuator consists of a metal cylinder with a cylindrical neck cut halfway along the length. To change the length of this actuator, an axial force is applied and the neck is momentarily heated to the plastic deformation temperature via resistive heating. All of the plastic deformation that occurs becomes permanent after cooling. Both compression and expansion of these actuators has been demonstrated in steps ranging from 6 nm to several microns. This paper will describe an experimental setup, show, and discuss data. Additionally, a stress relief technique to reduce mirror distortion caused by shrinkage of the adhesive bond to the actuator is proposed and demonstrated by modelling.
QEHLR: A Q-Learning Empowered Highly Dynamic and Latency-Aware Routing Algorithm for Flying Ad-Hoc Networks

With the growing utilization of intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) clusters in both military and civilian domains, the routing protocol of flying ad-hoc networks (FANETs) has promised a crucial role in facilitating cluster communication. However, the highly dynamic nature of the network topology, owing to the rapid movement and changing direction of aircraft nodes, as well as frequent accesses and exits from the network, has resulted in an increased interruption rate of FANETs links. While traditional protocols can satisfy basic network service quality (QoS) requirements in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) with relatively fixed topology changes, they may fail to achieve optimal routes and consequently restrict information dissemination in FANETs with topology changes, which ultimately leads to elevated packet loss and delay. This paper undertakes an in-depth investigation of the challenges faced by current routing protocols in high dynamic topology scenarios, such as delay and packet loss. It proposes a Q-learning empowered highly dynamic, and latency-aware routing algorithm for flying ad-hoc networks (QEHLR). Traditional routing algorithms are unable to effectively route packets in highly dynamic FANETs; hence, this paper employs a Q-learning method to learn the link status in the network and effectively select routes through Q-values to avoid connection loss. Additionally, the remaining time of the link or path lifespan is incorporated into the routing protocol to construct the routing table. QEHLR can delete predicted failed links based on network status, thereby reducing packet loss caused by failed route selection. Simulations show that the enhanced algorithm significantly improves the packet transmission rate, which addresses the challenge of routing protocols’ inability to adapt to various mobility scenarios in FANETs with dynamic topology by introducing a calculation factor based on the QEHLR protocol. The experimental results indicate that the improved routing algorithm achieves superior network performance.
AI-Assisted Hybrid Approach for Energy Management in IoT-Based Smart Microgrid

Power generation (PG) prediction from renewable energy sources (RESs) plays a vital role in effective energy management in smart cities. However, harnessing the potential of edge intelligence in well-controlled Internet of Things (IoT) networks poses significant challenges. To address this, we propose an IoT-based framework for intelligent and efficient PG prediction in smart microgrids. The framework begins by acquiring data from various RESs, including wind and solar. Before the training process, the data undergoes cleaning and normalization steps that use denoising and cleansing filters. For forecasting renewable energy (RE), we introduce a hybrid model that integrates a multi-head attention (MHA)-based deep autoencoder (AE) with extreme gradient boosting (XGB) algorithm. The AE’s encoder component extracts discriminative features from the cleaned data sequence, which are then learned by XGB to provide a final PG forecast. This edge computing layer facilitates information sharing through fog computing, which ensures power balancing between suppliers and consumers. Furthermore, the framework also incorporates various power consumption (PC) sectors and entities within smart cities, such as transportation and healthcare, to ensure efficient management. We evaluate the proposed hybrid model using publicly accessible benchmarks and locally gathered data sets, demonstrating state-of-the-art performance in terms of error metrics. The computational complexity of the proposed model is also suitable for resource-constrained IoT devices connected to a shared IoT-Fog setup, enabling seamless communication with smart microgrids for effective power management.
Integral passivity‐based control of underactuated mechanical systems with actuator dynamics and constant disturbances

This work investigates the energy shaping control of a class of underactuated mechanical systems with first‐order actuator dynamics and subject to both matched and unmatched constant additive disturbances. To this end, a new nonlinear control law which includes two independent integral actions is presented. The controller design is outlined for systems with first‐order actuator dynamics, and also for systems with direct actuation. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated with numerical simulations on an inertia wheel pendulum and on a ball‐on‐beam system, both actuated by electric DC motors and subject to constant disturbances.
Sensitivity analysis of the parameters of a cholera model

In this paper, a deterministic mathematical model is formulated to analyse the degree of sensitivity of some factors that aid cholera transmission and management. We obtain the disease-free equilibrium point and conduct the local stability of the disease-free and endemic equilibria of the model. Reproduction number with interventions is stated and the method of normalised forward sensitivity index is employed to determine the numerical value of the key model parameters with respect to the effective reproduction number in order to determine their relative importance to cholera transmission and management. The results obtained show that the most important parameter to cholera transmission is the contact rate between susceptible and infectious individuals while the most crucial parameter to cholera management is the rate of cholera awareness. Keywords: Mathematical model, stability analysis, reproduction number, sensitivity index
System of Transmission of Electrical Energy. Specification Forming Part of Letters Patent no. 645,576, dated March 20, 1900

Editorial Border of the Journal ‘Space and Time’ represents Nikola Tesla’s famous patent for electrical energy transmission system (that was his first patent in this series) translated by Sergey G. Gevorkyan, Ph.D. (Physics and Mathematics), with parallel textes in English and in Russian. The subject matter of this Tesla’s patent gave ground for decision of US Supreme Court to recognize the priority of Tesla as inventor of radio in 1943. The main idea, on which Tesla based in his work, was the idea of the high conductivity of upper atmosphere. This translation in Russian is done for the first time and is published now in honor of the 160th anniversary of the birth of great inventor. conductivity; electrical energy; electrical energy transmission; Tesla’s patrnt; invention of radio Tesla, N. "System of Transmission of Electrical Energy. Specification Forming Part of Letters Patent No. 645,576, Dated March 20, 1900. " Space and Time 3/4 (2016): 72–85. (In English and Russian). Fixed network address 2226-7271provr_st3_4-25_26. 2016.33.
Dispersion has a large effect (Cohen's d) on crop yield in crop residue application

Background: Crop residue application can maintain soil fertility and sustain agriculture. However, the effects of residue application are unstable because of variable weather conditions and the residual effects of crop residue application. Residue application often reduces crop yields. I tried to clarify effective residue application factors in an environment which was has stable weather conditions and low residual effects. Methods: Majuro atoll, a coral sand atoll near the equator, was selected for the experiment site because of its stable weather and low residual effect of coral sand. A factorial design experiment using sweet corn was conducted based on the following four factors: fungi propagation before application, cutting residue into pieces, dispersion (or accumulation) of applied residue, and placement (on the surface or incorporation) with an equal amount of crop residue. The effects of each factors on the corn yields were evaluated using Cohen’s power analysis. Results: The dispersion showed the largest effect (p = 0.045, Cohen’s d = 1.2), which exceeded the effect of incorporation (p = 0.223, Cohen’s d = 0.7). The interaction of dispersion and incorporation showed a huge effect on corn yield (p = 0.005, Cohen’s d = 4.9). Discussion: The effect of dispersion was not positive but it avoided the negative effects of residue clustering. The toxicity of the plant residue and generation of toxic substances by anaerobic decomposition are widely known. Anaerobic decomposition occurs inside the residue clusters. However, dispersion reduced the toxicity by adsorption in soil and avoiding anaerobic decomposition. Furthermore, incorporation showed an interaction effect, but surface placement did not. Conclusion: The dispersion of crop residue enhanced the positive effect of crop residue incorporation by avoiding the toxicity from crop residue. This finding adds a new viewpoint for the controversy between conventional and conservation agriculture.
Phase-only Robust Minimum Dispersion Beamforming

A phase-only robust minimum dispersion (PO-RMD) beamformer is devised for non-Gaussian signals. The proposed PO-RMD employs a constant-modulus constraint on the weights, which is equivalent to simply phase shifting at each antenna. It adopts the minimum dispersion criterion to utilize the non-Gaussianity of the signals while employing the worst-case constraint to achieve the robustness against model uncertainty. A gradient projection algorithmic framework is developed to solve the resulting nonconvex optimization problem. In order to find a feasible point in the intersection of the constant-modulus and robustness constraint sets, an alternating projection algorithm is devised. More importantly, the closed-form expressions of the projection onto the two sets are derived, respectively. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness, accuracy and robustness of the PO-RMD.
Revisiting extracranial cysticercosis: A rare case series of mycoparasitism affecting the cervicofacial region from an endemic zone

A systemic parasitic infestation caused by the larval stages of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium is known as Cysticercosis. While encysted form of the larval stage is attributed to rare variant of Cysticercosis of soft tissues. Muscle infestation by this parasite can lead to vague clinical presentation. We are presenting a series of 4 rare cases of extracranial, cervicofacial cysticercosis their clinical attributes and imaging characteristics leading to diagnosis of cysticercosis and approach to successful outcome with pharmacotherapy alone that spared the need of surgical management.