Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Anterior Cingulate and Amygdala After Cognitive Behavior Therapy of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may develop from impaired extinction of conditioned fear responses. Exposure-based treatment of PTSD is thought to facilitate extinction learning (Charney, 2004). Fear extinction is mediated by inhibitory control of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) over amygdala-based fear processes (Phelps, Delgado, Nearing, & LeDoux, 2004; Quirk, Russo, Barron, & LeBron, 2000). Most neuroimaging studies of PTSD reveal reduced vmPFC activity (particularly in rostral anterior cingulate cortex, or rACC; Lanius et al., 2001; Shin et al., 2005), and some find increased amygdala activity during threat processing (Shin et al., 2005). In addition, increased amygdala activity during fear conditioning and reduced vmPFC activity during extinction have been reported in PTSD (Bremner et al., 2005). Although PTSD patients show increased orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal activity following treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs; Fernandez et al., 2001; Seedat et al., 2004), no studies have investigated neural networks before and after exposure-based treatment of PTSD. We report the first such study. We hypothesized that symptom reduction would be associated with increased rACC activity and reduced amygdala activity during fear processing.
Multi-objective path planning using spline representation

Off-line point to point navigation to calculate feasible paths and optimize them for different objectives is computationally difficult. Path planning problem is truly a multi-objective problem, as reaching the goal point in short time is desirable for an autonomous vehicle while ability to generate safe paths in crucial for vehicle viability. Path representation methodologies using piecewise polynomial and B-splines have been used to ensure smooth paths. Multi-objective path planning studies using NSGA-II algorithm to optimize path length and safety measures computed using one of the three metrics (i) an artificial potential field, (ii) extent of obstacle hindrance and (iii) a measure of visibility are implemented. Multiple tradeoff solutions are obtained on complex scenarios. The results indicate the usefulness of treating path planning as a multi-objective problem.
Sexual Isolation in Acinetobacter baylyi Is Locus-Specific and Varies 10,000-Fold Over the Genome

Naturally transformable bacteria acquire chromosomal DNA from related species at lower frequencies than from cognate DNA sources. To determine how genome location affects heterogamic transformation in bacteria, we inserted an nptI marker into random chromosome locations in 19 different strains of the Acinetobacter genus (>24% divergent at the mutS/trpE loci). DNA from a total of 95 nptI-tagged isolates was used to transform the recipient Acinetobacter baylyi strain ADP1. A total of >1300 transformation assays revealed that at least one nptI-tagged isolate for each of the strains/species tested resulted in detectable integration of the nptI marker into the ADP1 genome. Transformation frequencies varied up to ∼10,000-fold among independent nptI insertions within a strain. The location and local sequence divergence of the nptI flanking regions were determined in the transformants. Heterogamic transformation depended on RecA and was hampered by DNA mismatch repair. Our studies suggest that single-locus-based studies, and inference of transfer frequencies from general estimates of genomic sequence divergence, is insufficient to predict the recombination potential of chromosomal DNA fragments between more divergent genomes. Interspecies differences in overall gene content, and conflicts in local gene organization and synteny are likely important determinants of the genomewide variation in recombination rates between bacterial species.
Optimal Opinion Control: The Campaign Problem

Opinion dynamics is nowadays a very common field of research. In this article we formulate and then study a novel, namely strategic perspective on such dynamics: There are the usual 'normal' agents that update their opinions, for instance according the well-known bounded con dence mechanism. But, additionally, there is at least one strategic agent. That agent uses opinions as freely selectable strategies to get control on the dynamics: The strategic agent of our benchmark problem tries, during a campaign of a certain length, to influence the ongoing dynamics among normal agents with strategically placed opinions (one per period) in such a way, that, by the end of the campaign, as much as possible normals end up with opinions in a certain interval of the opinion space. Structurally, such a problem is an optimal control problem. That type of problem is ubiquitous. Resorting to advanced and partly non-standard methods for computing optimal controls, we solve some instances of the campaign problem. But even for a very small number of normal agents, just one strategic agent, and a ten-period campaign length, the problem turns out to be extremely dicult. Explicitly we discuss moral and political concerns that immediately arise, if someone starts to analyze the possibilities of an optimal opinion control.
Specific deletion of Cdc42 does not affect meiotic spindle organization/migration and homologous chromosome segregation but disrupts polarity establishment and cytokinesis in mouse oocytes

Oocyte-specific deletion of Cdc42 has little effect on meiotic spindle organization and migration to the cortex but inhibits polar body emission, although homologous chromosome segregation occurs. The failure of cytokinesis is due to loss of polarized Arp2/3 accumulation and actin cap formation, and thus the defective contract ring.
Online assessment and checking of SQL: detecting and preventing plagiarism.

The automatic checking of online assessments and tutorials offers a significant advantage to students. Such students can work out-of-hours, from home or work, managing their own time allocation. This allows formal practical sessions to concentrate on learning, and not on assessments. However, there is a danger that students will abuse such systems, invalidating the assessment process. This paper investigates the plagiarism detected in a learning environment for SQL, and the effectiveness of the different techniques that it has used to eliminate plagiarism.
An object-oriented modeling of the history of optimal retrievals

Learning techniques are used in IR to exploit userfeedback in order that the system can improve its peflormance with respect to particular queries. This process involves the construction of an optimal query that best separates the documents known to be relevant from those that are not. Since obtaining relevance judgments and constructing an oplitnal query involve a great deal of effort, in this paper, we develop a framework for organizing the history of optimal retrievals. The j? amework involves the identi~cation of a hierarchy of document classes such that the concepts corresponding to higher level classes are more general than those of the lower level classes. The ways in which such a hierarchy may be used to retrieve answers to new queries are outlined. This approach has the advantage that the query specification is conceptbased, where as the retrieval mechanism is numericallyoriented involving optimal query vectors. It is shown that the construction of a hierarchy of optimal queries can correspond to an object-oriented modeling of IR objecm. Furthermore, the resulting model can be easily implemented using a relational DBMS.
Detecting Exotic Heavy Leptons at the Large Hadron Collider

New almost-degenerate charged and neutral heavy leptons are a feature of a number of theories of physics beyond the standard model. The prospects for detecting these at the Large Hadron Collider using a time-of-flight technique are considered, along with any cosmological or experimental constraints on their masses. Based on a discovery criterion of 10 detected exotic leptons we conclude that, with an integrated luminosity of 100 fb−1, it should be possible to detect such leptons provided their masses are less than 950 GeV. It should also be possible to use the angular distribution of the produced particles to distinguish these exotic leptons from supersymmetric scalar leptons, at a better than 90% confidence level, for masses up to 580 GeV.
The PTPN22 C1858T functional polymorphism and autoimmune diseases--a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE To assess whether combined evidence shows the association between the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 (PTPN22) C1858T polymorphism and autoimmune diseases, and to summarize the effect size of the polymorphism associated with susceptibility of autoimmune diseases. METHODS We surveyed studies on the PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism and autoimmune diseases using comprehensive Medline search and review of the references. Meta-analysis was performed for genotypes T/T (recessive effect), T/T + C/T (dominant effect) and T-allele in random effects models. RESULTS Twenty-nine studies with 43 comparisons including 13 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), six systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), six type-1 DM (T1D), three Grave's disease (GD), four inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), three juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), two psoriasis, two multiple sclerosis, two Addison's disease and two Celiac disease were available for the meta-analysis. The overall odds ratios (ORS) for T-allele, T/T and T/T + C/T genotypes were significantly increased in RA, SLE, GD and T1D (OR for T-allele = 1.58, 1.49, 1.85, 1.61, respectively, P < 0.00001). This meta-analysis showed the association between the T-allele and the T/T genotype and JIA (OR = 1.34, P = 0.03; OR = 1.97, P = 0.02) but did not reveal the association between the PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism and IBD, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, Addison's disease and Celiac disease. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis demonstrates that the PTPN22 1858T allele confers susceptibility to RA, SLE, GD, T1D and JIA, supporting evidence of association of the PTPN22 gene with subgroup of autoimmune diseases.
Red cell distribution width and early mortality in elderly patients with severe sepsis and septic shock

Objective To investigate the association of red cell distribution width (RDW) with 30-day mortality in elderly patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. Methods Patients were recruited from a single tertiary emergency department. Patients with age over 65 years were selected. The main outcome was 30-day mortality. Potential confounders as Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score along with initial vital signs were collected. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of 30-day mortality. The discriminative ability of RDW for 30-day mortality was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results Overall, 458 patients were included. Univariate analysis showed that patients’ survival was significantly associated with sites of infection, comorbidities, and severity scores. In the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, the RDW was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality (hazards ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.17; P<0.001). Conclusion In this study, initial RDW values were significantly associated with 30-day mortality in older patients hospitalized with severe sepsis and septic shock.
Assessing the Equity of Kentucky's SEEK Formula: A 10-Year Analysis

response to the landmark ruling of the Kentucky Supreme Court in Rose v. Council for Better Education1 in June 1989, the Kentucky General Assembly dramatically changed the system of public K-12 education in that state. Among the many components of that ruling, the Kentucky Supreme Court upheld an earlier Circuit Court ruling2 holding that the state's school finance system violated the Kentucky Constitution's education clause, which requires the General Assembly "to provide an efficient system of common schools throughout the Commonwealth. "3 In assessing the constitutionality of the Kentucky school finance system, the Circuit Court had found that:4 1. There was marked variation in property wealth of school districts 2. The allocation of state aid did not compensate for the variation in wealth 3. There was a wide disparity in the per-pupil revenue of schools districts 4. The quality of education was contingent on available revenue The Circuit Court concluded that an efficient school finance
Hierarchical Clustering for Complex Data

In this paper we introduce a new tree-structured self-organizing neural network called a dynamical growing self-organizing tree (DGSOT). This DGSOT algorithm constructs a hierarchy from top to bottom by division. At each hierarchical level, the DGSOT optimizes the number of clusters, from which the proper hierarchical structure of the underlying data set can be found. We propose a K-level up distribution (KLD) mechanism. This KLD scheme increases the scope for data distribution in the hierarchy, which allows the data mis-clustered in the early stages to be re-evaluated at a later stage increasing the accuracy of the final clustering result. The DGSOT algorithm, combined with the KLD mechanism, overcomes the drawbacks of traditional hierarchical clustering algorithms (e.g., hierarchical agglomerative clustering). The DGSOT algorithm has been tested on two benchmark data sets including gene expression complex data set and we observe that our algorithm extracts patterns with different levels of abstraction.
Sniffing Around for Providing Navigation Assistance

In this paper we describe an approach to adaptive navigation assistance that is meant to enhance a user’s information scent. The navigation assistance is composed of a combination of predictive user navigation modeling and common information retrieval methods. Besides assistance in forward browsing, the assistant helps users in deciding when to switch to searching or backtracking, while taking their navigation preferences into account.
Developmental Psychopathology Approach in Addiction Diagnosis in Adolescence

In order to provide multilevel potential explanations for the co-occurrence of addiction disorders and their developmental complex influence, developmental psychopathology has been considered to be an integrative perspective in re-search and in clinical treatment. This paper examined developmental psycho-pathology approach in addiction diagnosis and treatment. There is an historical and informative perspective that discusses two issues. The former is connected with the antecedents of addiction diagnosis. The latter parts of the article refer to the principles of developmental psychopathology and studies carried out in this field. In conclusion, the value of this perspective in diagnostic deci-sion-making processes in adolescents is also discussed.
Electromigration analyses of open TSVs

A study of electromigration in open through silicon vias (TSVs) is presented. First, the possible effects of the aluminium/tungsten interface are studied in a very simplified structure to find the parameters utmost concerning electromigration. The blocking interface without vacancy sink is found to have the highest resulting vacancy concentrations. This result is further used to model the interface inside the cylindric TSV structure. The simulations show that the highest stresses are located at the inner surface of the aluminium cylinder above the interface between aluminium and tungsten. This is near the region where the current is introduced into the TSV, which happens to be the location of the highest current density at the interface.
Analysis and Design of SIW Components Based on H-Plane Planar Circuit Approach

A waveguide whose sidewalls are replaced with densely arranged metallic posts has been proposed. This guide enables the easy realization of circuit patterns by the arrangement of metallic posts periodically in a parallel-plate waveguide or a grounded dielectric substrate. This type of waveguide is called the post-wall waveguide (PWW) (Hirokawa & Ando, 1998;Ando et al., 1998) or the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) (Wu, 2001; Deslandes & Wu , 2005). This SIW technology is applied to a feed waveguide for a slot array antenna, or a leakage wave antenna. In particular, recently, for the purpose of making use of merits such as low loss, low cost, and high-density integration of microwave and millimeter-wave components and subsystems, a SIW short-slot 90° hybrid coupler, and a six-port receiver consisting of the 90° couplers and/or power dividers have been developed. Since this technology is a relatively new concept, it is desired that more SIW circuit components and subsystems appear to open a new vista (Xu et al., 2005; Moldovan et al., 2006). With regard to the analytical method of the SIW structure, the derivation of the propagation constant for the straight section of the guide has been studied on the basis of the Galerkin's method of moment (Hirokawa & Ando, 1998). Then widths of the SIW structure that is equal to the cutoff frequency of the rectangular waveguide with perfectly metalized sidewalls have been obtained. Also, empirical equations for the equivalent widths have been proposed through experiments and simulations (Xu & Wu, 2005; Cassivi et al., 2002). In (Xu & Wu, 2005), the FDTD method and the multimode calibration method are used to analyze the dispersion characteristics of the complex propagation constants of the SIW structure. However, in the case of designing and analyzing the circuit components for practical use, a full-wave em-simulator (Ansoft HFSS) has been employed (Moldovan et al., 2006). Since the simulation requires a relatively long computing time, it is desirable to develop a faster solver for the optimization requiring recursive computations. In this study, an analysis of the SIW structure is attempted by applying the analytical technique of the H-plane waveguide discontinuities based on the planar circuit approach (Kishihara et al., 2006; Kishihara et al., 2004). This technique can reduce the computation 10
Structural priming across languages

In structural priming, the structure of one sentence is echoed in the structure of a second sentence that may be otherwise unrelated to the first. It can occur without the intention to create syntactic parallelism and without specific pragmatic, thematic, and lexical support across utterances. To explore whether it can also occur without specific language support, when the source of priming is an utterance in a different language, we investigated structural priming in fluent German-English bilinguals. After producing a designated sentence in either their first (German) or second (English) language, speakers extemporaneously described an unrelated pictured event in the other language. The primed constructions were datives (prepositional and double-object datives) and transitives (actives and passives). The results showed that the production of German dative sentences primed the subsequent use of English datives, and the production of English datives primed German datives. German and English passives with different structures did not prime one another. The results offer evidence for a structural source of priming and suggest a common psycholinguistic scaffolding for the bilingual phenomena of codeswitching and transfer. More broadly, they support the argument for basic psycholinguistic continuities among language learning, normal and bilingual language use, and language change.
Out there

"Out there" is increasingly becoming a topic of concern in HCI. Thanks to various clarion calls, researchers in the field are turning their attention to technology-mediated activities that are shaped less by Euro-American sensibilities and defined more by how they are culturally and geographically distinct. Fieldwork and ethnography researchers, for instance, are beginning to investigate ICT use at religious and spiritual sites, by the socially excluded and disenfranchised, and by people in developing regions. In this paper, I concentrate on the latter focus on development to reflect on HCI's disciplinary turn "out there". Specifically, I take the following three themes as common rhetorical devices in such work: (i) the network, (ii) difference and (iii) complexity. Through examples, I discuss how each of these themes has been mobilised. I then use materials from anthropology, science and technology studies, and to a lesser extent geography and postcolonial studies to complicate and in some cases question the interpretative frames that are being applied. Thus, my hope is that this paper is seen as a thought piece that deepens our thinking around HCI's efforts to look "out there" by paying critical attention to what is going on "in here".
Observer-based robust adaptive control for uncertain stochastic Hamiltonian systems with state and input delays

This paper investigates the observer-based robust adaptive control problem for a class of stochastic Hamiltonian systems. The systems under consideration relate to parameter uncertainties, unknown state time-delay and input delay. The purpose is to design a delay-dependent observer-based adaptive control law such that for all admissible uncertainties, as well as stochasticity, the closed-loop error system is robustly asymptotically stable in the mean square. Several sufficient conditions are presented to ensure the rationality and validity of the proposed control laws and observers, which are derived based on Lyapunov functional method. Numerical simulations spell out to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theories.
Adjuvant trastuzumab cardiotoxicity in patients over 60 years of age with early breast cancer: a multicenter cohort analysis.

BACKGROUND Adjuvant Trastuzumab with chemotherapy is the gold standard for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive early breast cancer (HER2+ EBC). Older patients have been largely under-represented in clinical trials, and few data on Trastuzumab cardiotoxicity have been reported in this subgroup. PATIENTS AND METHODS Four hundred and ninety-nine consecutive HER2+ EBC patients were treated with adjuvant trastuzumab and chemotherapy (aTrastC) at 10 Italian institutions. We evaluated disease prevalence and patient characteristics in the patients older than 60 years of age (over-60), prevalence of aTrastC cardiotoxicity and risk factors. RESULTS There were 160 'over-60' patients (32%), in whom a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, renal dysfunction, dyslipidemia and treatment with ACEi (40 versus 8%) and beta blockers (20 versus 8%) was found than in the younger patients (339 = 68%). Clinical heart failure occurred in 6% of the 'over-60' and in 2% of the younger patients. A reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction of >10 points was detected in 33% of the 'over-60' and in 23% of the younger patients (all P < 0.05). aTrastC was discontinued in 10% of the 'over-60' and in 4% of the younger patients (P = 0.003), restarted in 44% of the 'over-60' and in 58% of the younger women (P = ns). CONCLUSION In clinical practice, 32% of HER2+ EBC patients treated with aTrastC are 'over-60'. These patients have an increased cardiovascular risk profile and develop aTrastC cardiotoxicity commonly.
How to Overcome Communication Barriers in Global Software Development ?

This research study was conducted to identify team-level coordination issues and to make strategies that help in overcoming these hurdles between Global Software Engineering (GSE) teams. In GSE projects, a steady flow of communication and coordination between the team members is required throughout the project. Communication and coordination make top in the list of challenges currently faced by GSE projects. Geographically dispersed teams members often face lack of coordination problems because of minimal communication. In GSE, teams coordinate on different level from requirement engineering (RE) phase to project deployment phase. Our main focus in this research was achieving coordination between dispersed GSE teams of requirements engineers, software designers and software developer.