Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Network-Constrained Transactive Control for Multi-Microgrids-Based Distribution Networks With Soft Open Points

Different from most transactive control studies only focusing on economic aspect, this paper develops a novel network-constrained transactive control (NTC) framework that can address both economic and secure issues for a multi-microgrids-based distribution network considering uncertainties. In particular, we innovatively integrate a transactive energy market with the novel power-electronics device (i.e., soft open point) based AC power flow regulation technique to improve economic benefits for each individual microgrid and meanwhile ensure the voltage security of the entire distribution network. In this framework, a dynamic two-timescale NTC model consisting of slow-timescale pre-scheduling and real-time corrective scheduling stages is formulated to work against multiple system uncertainties. Moreover, the original bilevel game problems are transformed into a single-level mixed-integer second-order cone programming problem through KKT conditions, duality, linearization and relaxation techniques to avoid iterations of transitional methods, so as to improve the solving efficiency. Finally, numerical simulations on modified 33-bus and 123-bus test systems with multi-microgrids verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
Ageing, shear rejuvenation and avalanches in soft glassy materials

We study the nonlinear rheological behaviour and the microscopic particle dynamics for a colloidal glass. The measurements allow us to relate the microscopic diffusion dynamics to the macroscopic viscosity of the system. We demonstrate that the competition between the spontaneous restructuration (ageing) and the destruction of the internal structure by the shear ('shear rejuvenation') leads to a bifurcation in rheological behaviour. For a stress smaller than a (time-dependent) critical value, the viscosity increases in time and the material eventually stops flowing. For slightly larger stresses the viscosity decreases continuously with time and the flow accelerates. Thus the viscosity jumps discontinuously to infinity at the critical stress.
Analysis of LPV systems using a piecewise affine parameter-dependent Lyapunov function

This paper presents new finite-dimensional linear matrix inequality (LMI) formulations for the stability and induced L/sub 2/ performance analysis of linear parameter-varying (LPV) systems. The approach is based on the nonsmooth, dissipative system theory using a continuous, piecewise affine parameter-dependent Lyapunov function (PAPDLF). The new method is shown to be less conservative than previously published techniques that are based on either affine parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions or robust control techniques. Conservatism is reduced with this new approach because the analysis is performed over several, smaller subregions of the parameter space rather than the entire region. The new analysis approach also uses a more general class of parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions. In contrast to the gridding approach typically used to develop a computationally feasible algorithm, this proposed approach guarantees the analysis result. While computationally intensive, we show that the numerical results using our approach can be used to develop many new insights into the potential conservatism of various classes of Lyapunov functions for LPV systems.
System Reliability Analysis in the Presence of Dependent Component Failures

We consider the impact that the introduction of dependent component failures has on the computational difficulty of system reliability analysis. We develop general strategies for computing system reliability when components are subject to dependent failures. In the process, we identify a significant number of cases where computing the system reliability in the presence of dependent failures is not significantly harder than writing down the joint probability distribution and computing the system reliability when the components fail independently.
Hematological, Inflammatory, Coagulation, and Oxidative/Antioxidant Biomarkers as Predictors for Severity and Mortality in COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort-Study

Purpose Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are pivotal points in the pathophysiology of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). This study aims to use routine laboratory and oxidative stress/antioxidative biomarkers as predictors for the mortality of the disease. Patients and Methods This prospective cohort study, made up of 120 COVID-19 patients from emergency units in Erbil, Duhok, Kirkuk, and Sulaymaniyah cities in Iraq, from May the 1st to May the 30th, 2021, and 60 healthy controls (HCs) (n = 60). The patients were re-categorized into mild (n = 54), severe (n = 40), and critical (n = 26) groups based on the clinical criteria. Following admission to the hospital, blood was directly collected for measuring routine laboratory biomarkers. Results Neutrophils and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were higher in the critical group, while lymphocytes were lower in the severe and critical groups compared to the mild group. The CRP, ferritin, and D-dimer values were more elevated in severe and critical cases than in mild COVID-19 cases. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and copper were elevated, while the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity level and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level were lower. However, vitamin C, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase activity levels were not changed in the COVID-19 groups compared to the HCs. NO and ferritin were predictors of ICU hospitalization; D-dimer, MDA, and NLR were predictors of mortality. NO, and NLR were predictors of SpO2 depression. Moreover, NO, and copper have both good diagnostic values, their cutoffs were 39.01 and 11.93, respectively. Conclusion There is an association between immune dysregulation and oxidative imbalance. The biomarkers, that could be considered as predictors for the severity and mortality of COVID-19, are the NLR, NO, ferritin, and D-dimer. The age equal to and older than 50 has a poor prognosis in the Kurdish population.
The effect of document source trustworthiness on the evaluation and strategic use of embedded sources when reading health information online

Abstract The organization of sources into layers may have an impact on the way readers evaluate conflicting documents online. Two experiments (n = 131) examined whether undergraduates use metadata from the document to evaluate the contents and embedded sources included in that document. Participants read two texts about treatments for a rare disease put forward by two neutral characters (the embedded sources). Each text was manipulated so that it was published by a trustworthy or untrustworthy document source. In Experiment 1, participants performed the task using their own criteria. In Experiment 2, they received a pre-training on how to evaluate sources. Participants used more information (cited more sources and preferred the treatment) and rated the embedded source as more trustworthy when associated to a trustworthy document, but only in Experiment 2. In conclusion, readers can strategically use multiple source layers, suggesting a networked source representation, but contingent to task specifications.
Stability of the age‐dependent system with delayed dependence of the structure

The paper deals with the problem of the stability for a model of a population with delayed dependence of the structure. We study an equilibrium age distribution. We also give conditions under which such distribution is exponentially asymptotically stable. The work continues authors’ research which begun in 2009. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
STUDY OF PERIOD VARIATION OF THE ECLIPSING BINARY SYSTEM W DELPHINI

A period study of the semi-detached eclipsing binary system W Delphini based on the extensive series of minimum timings covering more than a century(109 years) indicates a cyclic(O-C) variation of the system. This variation can be explained as due either to (1) stellar magnetic activity cycles of the cool subgiant G5 secondary component of the binary with a subsurface magnetic field equals to 3 kG, or (2) a long-term orbital period increases with a rate of day/cycle caused by a mass transfer rate of from the less to more massive component modulated by a light time effect due to a hypothetical third body with period of years. The former explanation is more recommended than the later one since the obtained third body mass value($M_3
A new modeling approach for the dynamics of a micro end mill in high-speed micro-cutting

This study presents a distributed parameter model for the transverse vibration analysis of a micro end mill. Owing to its geometrical nonuniformity, the micro end mill is spatially sub-structured into three distinct spinning elastic systems. With the application of the extended Hamilton’s principle to the energy expressions of the spinning elastic systems, the governing equations of each sub-structured system are obtained. The overall analytical model incorporates a number of nonclassical structural effects that range from rotary inertia, shear deformation, taper ratio, to the rate of twist. For detailed frequency analyses, systematic solution of the elastodynamics governing equations is provided with the spectral finite element method. To assess the accuracy of the presented method, the frequency values of each of the spatial sub-structure are validated through available results in the literature. In the same vein, the solution of the entire ensemble of the distributed parameter system compares well with ANSYS® simulation. The investigation reveals the spinning rate to have the most significant effect on the frequency value of the micro tool followed by the taper ratio and the complex geometry of the micro flute.
Exploring the Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity and Stationarity in the Relationship between Street Vitality and Built Environment

Previous studies substantiate built environment influences street vitality. However, most of them focus on whether the built environmental elements have an influence on the street vitality, and ignore the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the influences at the district scale. Using multisource big data, we comprehensively measure the street vitalities of different periods and the built environment in different dimensions on Xiamen Island. Geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) models are constructed to systematically analyze the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the influences of the built environment on the street vitality. Results show that the influence of function remains constant over time. Transit has the strongest effect on the improvement of street vitality during peak hours. The impact of design is strongest in the evening. The effect of accessibility gradually strengthened over time, reaching the highest in the evening. In terms of the spatial dimension, the heterogeneity brought about by the new and old urban areas is significant. The spatial heterogeneity of design’s influences is prominently brought about by large green lands and landscape streets. Density, bus station and spatial scale have strong temporal and spatial stability. Length is the most unstable during the weekdays. In order to maintain street vitality and form sustainable traffic, differentiated strategies of vitality enhancement should be formulated according to the locations and attributes of the streets.
Investigation on reduction of required superconductor volume in a resistive fault current limiter with Bi2223 bulk superconductor

The bulk high temperature superconductor of low J/sub c/ is difficult to be heated up over T/sub c/ quickly within a period of the initial 1/4 cycle during a fault. Therefore, a large volume of superconductor will be required to obtain the required current limiting impedance, because a short-circuited current has to be limited by the flux flow resistance. Even in case of J/sub c/ of 2000 A/cm/sup 2/, the volume will amount to around 0.1 m/sup 3/ in order to limit a fault current to less than 3 times the J/sub c/ value for 6.6 kV-1000 A fault current limiter. In this paper, a method in which a perpendicular magnetic field is applied automatically to the bulk superconductor during a fault is proposed. And it is revealed that the volume of superconductor will be reduced by three times less than the one required in the conventional method.
Proprioceptive acuity is core for back awareness in chronic low back pain: Further analysis of the content validity of the Spanish version of the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire

Treatments aimed at increasing self-perception may improve chronic low back pain (CLBP) symptomatology and present novel management approaches. Consequently, it is important to have valid, complete, and reliable tools for its assessment, and to understand which variables influence altered back awareness. We aimed to evaluate the face/content validity of the Spanish version of the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FreBAQ-S) among people with and without CLBP, and to explore additional variables suggested to be involved in back awareness. A total of 264 individuals with CLBP and 128 healthy controls (HC) answered an online survey, including the FreBAQ-S, and questions regarding the completeness, comprehensibility, time-to-complete adequacy, and time spent completing it. If participants declared a lack of completeness, they had to report which aspects would be incorporated into the questionnaire to explore additional back-awareness-related variables. A statistically significant difference in completeness emerged between groups (p < 0.01). The questionnaire was comprehensible for more than 85% of participants, regardless of the group (p = 0.45). CLBP participants spent significantly more time in completing the questionnaire than controls (p < 0.01), but no differences were found between groups regarding the time-to-complete adequacy (p = 0.49). Regarding the back-awareness-related variables, 77 suggestions from CLBP group and seven from the HC were received. Most of them were related to proprioceptive acuity such as posture, weight, or movement patterns, among others. The FreBAQ-S demonstrated adequate face/content validity, completeness, comprehensibility, and adequate time of response. The feedback provided will help improve currently available assessment tools.
High performance ZnO nanorod strain driving transistor based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor logic gates

ZnO nanorod strain driving transistor (SDT) with 107 scale “on”-“off” ratio has been fabricated on Kapton substrate by a single-step hydrothermal reaction. The transistor is driven by strain due to the change in Schottky barrier height caused by piezoelectric effect as well as the change of contact area between ZnO bridging nanorods. Moreover, via utilizing two SDTs on the top and bottom surfaces of the substrate as two complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors, several logic operations such as inverter, NAND, NOR, XOR, MUX, and DEMUX with good rectifying behaviors have been demonstrated.
Insights into the Genetic Determination of the Autotetraploid Potato Plant Height

Plant height is an important characteristic, the modification of which can improve the ability of stress adaptation as well as the yield. In this study, genome-wide association analysis was performed for plant height traits in 370 potato cultivars using the tetraploid potato genome as a reference. A total of 92 significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci for plant height were obtained, which were particularly significant in haplotypes A3 and A4 on chromosome 1 and A1, A2, and A4 on chromosome 5. Thirty-five candidate genes were identified that were mainly involved in the gibberellin and brassinolide signal transduction pathways, including the FAR1 gene, methyltransferase, ethylene response factor, and ubiquitin protein ligase. Among them, PIF3 and GID1a were only present on chromosome 1, with PIF3 in all four haplotypes and GID1a in haplotype A3. This could lead to more effective genetic loci for molecular marker-assisted selection breeding as well as more precise localization and cloning of genes for plant height traits in potatoes.
Resonance fluorescence of two asymmetrically pumped and coupled two-level systems

We study a driven-dissipative duo of two-level systems in an open quantum systems approach, modelling a pair of atoms or (more generally) meta-atoms. Allowing for complex-valued couplings in the setup, which are of both a coherent and incoherent character, gives rise to a diverse coupling landscape. We consider several points on this landscape, for example where the coupling between the two coupled two-level systems is dominated by coherent, incoherent, unsymmetrical and even unidirectional interactions. Traversing the coupling terrain leads to remarkable features in the populations of the pair, correlations and optical spectra. Most notably, the famous Mollow triplet spectrum for a single atom may be superseded for a pair by a Mollow quintuplet (or even by a spectral singlet) and the setup allows for population trapping to arise, all depending upon the precise nature of the coupling between the two-level systems.
Practical Automaton proofs in PVS

This thesis is about an approach to modeling, validating and verifying com- puter-based systems. The kinds of systems we examine happen to be em- bedded systems, for the most part, but our approach is generally applicable to computer-based systems. Since veri? cation is essential to the production of safe and reliable systems, we feel the entire process that precedes the actual construction of such a system is in need of formal support; various studies in this thesis show how a systematic approach to modeling and val- idation can be applied to part of the software development lifecycle: the requirements and speci? cation phases. We focus on the practical side of modeling and validation, showing how to approach problems of ambiguity and incompleteness in the informal requirements. We illustrate some of the considerations used in arriving at the approach used in this thesis. The case studies and considerations show how this approach can be effective in ? nd- ing errors in models - errors which, when corrected, lead to better models and higher quality computer-based systems.
TIDAL BORES, AEGIR, EAGRE, MASCARET, POROROCA: THEORY AND OBSERVATIONS

A tidal bore is a series of waves propagating upstream as the tidal flow turns to rising. It forms during spring tide conditions when the tidal range exceeds 4 to 6 m and the flood tide is confined to a narrow funnelled estuary. Its existence is based upon a fragile hydrodynamic balance between the tidal amplitude, the freshwater river flow conditions and the river channel bathymetry, and it is shown that this balance may be easily disturbed by changes in boundary conditions and freshwater inflow. This book demystifies the physics of a tidal bore and it thoroughly documents the tidal bores on our planet with reliable and accurate information. It aims to cultivate a passion for a beautiful, but fragile geophysical process, with in-depth updated content and by over 190 illustrations and photographs.
A mixed finite–element finite–difference method for nonlinear fluid–structure interaction dynamics. I. Fluid–rigid structure interaction

A mixed finite–element finite–difference numerical method is developed to calculate nonlinear fluid–solid interaction problems. In this study, the structure is assumed to be rigid with large motion and the fluid flow is governed by nonlinear, viscous or non–viscous, field equations with nonlinear boundary conditions applied to the free surface and fluid–solid interaction interfaces. A moving coordinate system fixed at a point in the structure is used to describe the fluid flow, and for numerical analysis purposes, an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian mesh system is constructed relative to this moving system. This provides a convenient method of overcoming the difficulties of matching fluid meshes with large solid motion. Nonlinear numerical equations describing nonlinear fluid–solid interaction dynamics are derived through a numerical discretization scheme of study. A coupling iteration process is used to solve these numerical equations. A selection of numerical examples illustrates the developed mathematical model and through numerical simulations it is shown that the proposed approach is practical and useful.
Reported Mental Health, Diet, and Physical Activity in Young Adult Cancer Survivors

Young adult (YA) cancer survivors are at increased risk for chronic diseases and face age-dependent stressors that may hinder their ability to maintain healthy lifestyle behaviors. This study examined associations between reported mental health, eating beliefs, and health behaviors in YA cancer survivors. YA cancer survivors aged 18–39 years (n = 225) completed a self-administered REDCap® survey, including the Perceived Stress Scale 10, PROMIS® Anxiety and Depression, Eating Beliefs Questionnaire, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Dietary Screener Questionnaire, Godin–Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, and demographic and diagnosis-related questions. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multiple linear regression were performed. Participants were mean 31.3 years old and 3.7 years post-treatment; 77.3% were women. Most participants reported White (78%) or Black or African American (11.2%) race and non-Hispanic ethnicity (84%). Adjusting for covariates, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression were associated with increased added sugar intake (p < 0.001) and eating beliefs (p < 0.001). Perceived stress and depression were associated with reduced vegetable intake (p < 0.05). There were no associations with fruit intake or physical activity in the adjusted models. Health behavior interventions for this population may address psychosocial needs by including a stress management or mind–body component. Further research including direct measures of health behaviors is warranted.
Towards Unveiling Exploitation Potential With Multiple Error Behaviors for Kernel Bugs

Nowadays, fuzz testing has significantly expedited the vulnerability discovery of Linux kernel. Security analysts use the manifested error behaviors to infer the exploitability of one bug and thus prioritize the patch development. However, only using an error behavior in the report, security analysts might underestimate the exploitability of the kernel bug because it could manifest various error behaviors indicating different exploitation potentials. In this work, we conduct an empirical study on multiple error behaviors of kernel bugs to understand 1) the prevalence of multiple error behaviors and the possible impact of multiple error behaviors towards the exploitation potential; 2) the factors that manifest multiple error behaviors with different exploitation potential. We collected all the fixed kernel bugs reported on Syzbot from September 2017 to January 2022, including 3,352 bug reports. We observed that multiple error behaviors manifested by kernel bugs are prevalent in the real world, and more error behaviors help unveil the exploitability of kernel bugs. Then we organized Linux kernel experts to analyze a sample of kernel bug dataset (484 bug reports, unique 162 bugs) and identified 6 key contributing factors to the mutiple error behaviors. Finally, based on the empirical findings, we propose an object-driven fuzzing technique to explore all possible error behaviors that a kernel bug might bring about. To evaluate the utility of our proposed technique, we implement our fuzzing tool GREBE and apply it to 60 real-world Linux kernel bugs. On average, GREBE could manifest 2+ additional error behaviors for each of the kernel bugs. For 26 kernel bugs, GREBE discovers higher exploitation potential. We report to kernel vendors some of the bugs – the exploitability of which was wrongly assessed and the corresponding patch has not yet been carefully applied – resulting in their rapid patch adoption.