Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Relative Distance Based Clustering Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy efficiency is especially important for the cluster of the wireless sensor network (WSN). This paper studies how to increase availability and survivability of WSN by selecting a suitable cluster head. For this purpose, we propose a hybrid relative distance based clustering scheme (HRDCS), to promote the efficiency of energy utilization. In HRDCS, both the relative distance and the residual energy are taken into consideration for cluster head selection. Simulation results present that HRDCS has better performance than the well-known LEACH scheme.
A qualitative self-study of Retinitis Pigmentosa

Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a retinal dege nerative disease causing progressive blindness. Most research on RP is biomedical, and mostly from an observer perspective, therefore poorly reflecting the lived experience of having RP. Accordingly, the researcher conducted a retrospective qualitative self-study, to analyse reflections on his own experience of diagnosis and receiving a mobility cane, as contained in emails sent to friends and colleagues. This analysis yielded a number of interesting themes significant to the RP experience, namely diagnosis, impact and dealing with RP. Reference is made to literature encouraging ophthalmologists to be actively involved in the facilitation of adjustment to loss of vision. Other significant issues relevant to visual impairment, such as the stigma associated with the long cane and challenging the dominant social discourse regarding disability, are discussed. In addition, the importance of qualitative research to elicit the stories of blind individuals is highlighted.
Are joints affected by gout also affected by osteoarthritis?

Objectives: To determine whether joints affected by gout are also affected by osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: A postal questionnaire was sent to all adults aged over 30 years registered with two general practices. The questionnaire assessed a history of gout (doctor diagnosed, or episodes suggestive of acute crystal synovitis) and medication use. Patients who possibly had gout attended for clinical assessment to verify the diagnosis on clinical grounds and assess the distribution of joints affected by acute attacks of gout and OA. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated between the history of an acute attack of gout and the presence of OA at an individual joint adjusted for age, gender, body mass index and prior diuretic use in a binary logistic regression model. Results: A total of 4249 completed questionnaires were returned (32%). From 359 attendees, 164 cases of gout were clinically confirmed. A highly significant association existed between the site of acute attacks of gout and the presence of OA (aOR 7.94; 95% CI 6.27, 10.05). Analysis at individual joint sites revealed a significant association at the first metatarsophalangeal joint (aOR 2.06; 95% CI 1.28, 3.30), mid-foot (aOR 2.85; 95% CI 1.34, 6.03), knee (aOR 3.07; 95% CI 1.05, 8.96) and distal interphalangeal joints (aOR 12.67; 95% CI 1.46, 109.91). Conclusion: Acute attacks of gout at individual joint sites are associated with the presence of clinically assessed OA at that joint suggesting that OA may predispose to the localised deposition of monosodium urate crystals.
The new psychology of men.

A New Psychology of Men. Ronald F. Levant & William S. Pollack (Eds.). New York: Basic Books. 1995. 402 pp. Hardcover ISBN 0-46508656-X. $40.00. There was a time when male psychology was seen as the model of health, and female psychology was seen as pathological. Assertive, active masculinity was contrasted with passive, dependent femininity. But those days are gone. As Pollack (1995) states, "The monuments built of men, by men, and for men are tumbling. Even their virtues are suspected as vices. " Although the pace of change is slow, men's roles at home and at work are being redefined, and the psychology of men-how they develop and how they function psychologically as adults-is also changing. Perhaps the rate of change in men's roles crossed a threshold in the 1990s, triggering a surge of new interest in men's needs, their responsibilities, and the roles they have entered in post-industrial, post-feminist, post-modern America. For example, the 1995 Million Man March in Washington, DC, brought attention to African American men, along with a public debate about their roles in families, the economy, and the community. Several national conferences have made fatherhood the central focus for the year. National debates have centered on the responsibilities of single and divorced fathers, as well as the rights of gay men. Robert Bly's Men's Movement continues to attract new warriors, despite the attacks by critics. On many fronts, men and women are actively redefining what it means to be male. To understand the changes in men and to become current with some of the most solid research programs aimed at both the old style masculinity and the emerging new psychology of men, Levant and Pollack's edited volume is essential reading. It is a readable collection of theoretical papers on male development and psychological functioning, reviews of research on men, clinical approaches to men's changing roles, as well as analyses of the diverse developmental experiences of minority males. The papers present a refreshing social-scientific approach to men's roles, without the ideological cliches of either radical feminists or neo-masculinists. The chapters document a 15-year program of theory development, research, and applications spawned by Joseph Pleck's (1981) gender rolestrain paradigm. Pleck's theory was one of the earliest attempts to integrate the emerging critical views of traditional male roles, and it laid the groundwork for the social constructionist perspectives on gender roles that emerged in the 1980s. He argued that the traditional ideals of masculinity-which include the demands for achievement, aggressiveness, toughness, sexual prowess, and psychological autonomy-were bad for men's health. First, the standards were inconsistent with human needs and were so unachievable that many men felt they never lived up to them. Second, in trying to live up to the self-destructive standards, many boys and young men went through traumatizing experiences that damaged them psychologically. …
Route Planning with Flexible Objective Functions

We present the first fast route planning algorithm that answers shortest paths queries for a customizable linear combination of two different metrics, e. g. travel time and energy cost, on large scale road networks. The precomputation receives as input a directed graph, two edge weight functions t(e) and c(e), and a discrete interval [L, U]. The resulting flexible query algorithm finds for a parameter p ∈ [L, U] an exact shortest path for the edge weight t(e)+p·c(e). This allows for different tradeoffs between the two edge weight functions at query time. We apply precomputation based on node contraction, which adds all necessary shortcuts for any parameter choice efficiently. To improve the node ordering, we developed the new concept of gradual parameter interval splitting. Additionally, we improve performance by combining node contraction and a goal-directed technique in our flexible scenario.
Acceptability and satisfaction with a telecarer approach to the management of type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To examine patients' views of the acceptability of and satisfaction with telephone care center support provided to improve blood glucose control in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Pro-Active Call-Center Treatment Support (PACCTS) Trial randomized patients from 47 general practices in a deprived urban area in northwest England to usual care or to proactive call center support in addition to usual care. Satisfaction with care was assessed in all 591 patients at baseline and the end of the study using the Diabetes Satisfaction and Treatment Questionnaire (DTSQ). Acceptability was assessed in 394 intervention patients after at least three proactive calls from the call center and at the end of the trial. A purposive sample of 25 patients took part in in-depth semistructured interviews. RESULTS The response rates to the questionnaires were 79% (DTSQ) and 65% (acceptability). Persons receiving the intervention continued to report high levels of satisfaction with their treatment (95% CI 32.3-33.2 at 1 year), and >90% strongly agreed or agreed that the telecarer approach was acceptable. Qualitative comments pointed to the importance of a personalized service; increased feelings of well-being, including confidence and self-control; help with problem-solving; and patients developing rapport and a strong bond with the telecarers. CONCLUSIONS A personalized PACCTS approach is acceptable to patients. A service giving priority to the interpersonal dimension leads to increased commitment from patients to improve long-term glycemic control.
Nonmetropolitan sex-role ideologies: a longitudinal study.

Using the two waves (1987-88 and 1992-94) from the National Survey of Families and Households the author focused on the 3792 Main Respondents (MRs) living in sexual unions at Wave 1 who along with spouse or domestic partner were successfully recontacted at Wave 2. MRs from both formal marriages and nonmarital cohabitations were included. An identically worded set of questions about proper roles for men and women was posed to each member of the pair at Wave 1 and again at Wave 2. An Exploratory Factor Analysis uncovered two factors. A conservative orientation on the Sexuality/Reproduction Factor (#1) defined legal marriage as the only acceptable domain for sexual intercourse pregnancy and childbirth. An orthodox perspective on the Childcare Factor (#2) assigned mothers the primary responsibility for the care of young children and men responsibility for earning the main living. In this study the authors tested the hypotheses that non-metro residents would be more conservative on both sex-role dimensions than metro residents at Wave 1 would be slower than metro residents to adopt more egalitarian attitudes and thus would remain more traditional on both sex-role dimensions at Wave 2. The influence of non-metro-to-metro and metro-to-non-metro migration as well as the sway over attitudes of the spouse/partner was taken into account. (authors)
Mycoplasma genitalium: prevalence, clinical significance, and transmission

Objectives: To study the prevalence, symptoms and signs of Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis infections in STD clinic attendees and in partners of M genitalium infected patients. Methods:M genitalium and C trachomatis were detected by polymerase chain reaction from urethral and endocervical swab specimens in a cross sectional study among 445 female and 501 male STD clinic attendees. Partners of 26 female and 26 male M genitalium positive index patients were examined. Results: The prevalence of C trachomatis and M genitalium was 4% and 6.3%, respectively, among the women and 5.4% and 6%, respectively, among the men. Dual infections were uncommon. M genitalium was strongly associated with urethritis in both men and women and with cervicitis in women. Among M genitalium infected men, symptomatic urethritis was more common than asymptomatic urethritis. M genitalium and C trachomatis were not associated with symptoms of urethritis or cervicitis in women. Of 26 male partners of M genitalium positive female index patients, 38% were positive, and 77% of the negative partners had symptoms of urethritis. The concordance rate for 22 female partners of male index patients was 45%. For both men and women the M genitalium prevalence was significantly higher in partners of M genitalium positive index patients than in M genitalium negative index patients with urethritis and/or cervicitis. Conclusions:M genitalium is associated with urethritis in both men and women and with cervicitis in women. A high concordance rate was found among sexual partners of M genitalium infected patients, indicating that the infection is sexually transmitted.
The Norm of Internality in an Organizational Context

Explaining what people do oneself and others and what happens to them is an everyday activity in the professional life of numerous decision-makers managers, headhunters, recruiting officers, teachers, work and organizational psychologists, clinical psychologists, educational psychologists, etc. In this article we shall see that such activities, due to their social utility, can be not just the expression of an act specific to an individual or an organization, but the expression of a norm, the norm of internality. We shall look first at a certain number of results which confirm the theory of the norm of internality and its general nature. We shall note that: 1 causal explanations of events are socially acquired and that some explanations internal are deemed more acceptable than others external; 2 that this predilection can lead to a social selection process which favours those giving internal explanations, and that this is especially prevalent in particular situations where people have to give a good impres.
Social Interactions at Work and Psychological Health: The Role of Leader–Member Exchange and Work Group Integration1

The objectives of this study are to test the effects that the quality of leader–member exchange (LMX) and work group integration (WGI) may have on psychological health, as well as their interaction effect. Psychological health is defined both in terms of subjective well-being and psychological distress. Data were gathered from a sample of 249 employees working in a prison setting. Results indicated that LMX and WGI are positively related to subjective well-being and are negatively related to psychological distress. In addition, LMX and WGI exert a synergistic interaction effect on both dimensions of psychological health. Overall, the results show that the quality of the social environment may greatly enhance psychological health in a high-risk workplace.
The Four-Colour Theorem

The four-colour theorem, that every loopless planar graph admits a vertex-colouring with at most four different colours, was proved in 1976 by Appel and Haken, using a computer. Here we give another proof, still using a computer, but simpler than Appel and Haken's in several respects.
Automated docking using a Lamarckian genetic algorithm and an empirical binding free energy function

A novel and robust automated docking method that predicts the bound conformations of flexible ligands to macromolecular targets has been developed and tested, in combination with a new scoring function that estimates the free energy change upon binding. Interestingly, this method applies a Lamarckian model of genetics, in which environmental adaptations of an individual's phenotype are reverse transcribed into its genotype and become heritable traits (sic). We consider three search methods, Monte Carlo simulated annealing, a traditional genetic algorithm, and the Lamarckian genetic algorithm, and compare their performance in dockings of seven protein–ligand test systems having known three‐dimensional structure. We show that both the traditional and Lamarckian genetic algorithms can handle ligands with more degrees of freedom than the simulated annealing method used in earlier versions of AUTODOCK, and that the Lamarckian genetic algorithm is the most efficient, reliable, and successful of the three. The empirical free energy function was calibrated using a set of 30 structurally known protein–ligand complexes with experimentally determined binding constants. Linear regression analysis of the observed binding constants in terms of a wide variety of structure‐derived molecular properties was performed. The final model had a residual standard error of 9.11 kJ mol−1 (2.177 kcal mol−1) and was chosen as the new energy function. The new search methods and empirical free energy function are available in AUTODOCK, version 3.0. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 19: 1639–1662, 1998
Bonding psychotherapy , an effective group therapy for attachment problems

Bonding psychotherapy is an intensive form of group therapy with the goal of overcoming the fear of intimacy and rejection. The theory, method and the research results of the bonding psychotherapy are described in this article. The ultimate aim of the bonding psychotherapy is to increase the ability to fulfil the biopsychosocial basic needs, to be able to enter into positive relationships and to enjoy life. Bonding is the process of becoming emotionally open and physically close to another person. Exercises with other group members help to experience and fulfil the need for bonding. During these exercises intense emotions often surface that are linked to past painful experiences. With the described method, trust in others is increased and negative attitudes concerning oneself in relation to others become more positive. These are emotionally corrective experiences. An overview of the research results is given and these are surprisingly good
Topography Measurement of Large-Range Microstructures through Advanced Fourier-Transform Method and Phase Stitching in Scanning Broadband Light Interferometry

Scanning broadband light interferometry (SBLI) has been widely utilized in surface metrology due to its non-contact and high-accuracy method. In SBLI, phase evaluation through Fourier Transform (FT) is a prevalent and efficient technique, where the topography measurement can often be achieved through one interferogram. Nevertheless, the accuracy of the FT method would be significantly influenced by intensity modulation depth: “the lower the modulation of the pixel, the higher the error probability of its phase assignment”. If the structure has a large enough range along the z-axis, several areas in an individual interferogram would be weakly modulated due to the limited depth of focus (DOF). In this paper, we propose an advanced FT-based method when it comes to large-height structures. Spatial modulation depth is first calculated for each interferogram independently. After that, a binary control mask is reasonably constructed to identify the pixels that are valid for phase unwrapping. Then, a phase stitching method along the z-axis is carried out to conduct the large-height topography measurement within a giving field of view. The theoretical principle, simulation, and experimental validation are elaborated to demonstrate that the method can achieve an improved robustness for the reconstruction of large-range microstructures, the advantages of which include the elimination of stepping errors, the suppression of light fluctuations, and the freedom of a limited DOF.
Jisuikang, a Chinese herbal formula, increases neurotrophic factor expression and promotes the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury

The Chinese medicine compound, Jisuikang, can promote recovery of neurological function by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, scavenging oxygen free radicals, and effectively improving the local microenvironment after spinal cord injury. However, the mechanism remains unclear. Thus, we established a rat model of acute spinal cord injury using a modified version of Allen's method. Jisuikang (50, 25, and 12.5 g/kg/d) and prednisolone were administered 30 minutes after anesthesia. Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor scale scores and the oblique board test showed improved motor function recovery in the prednisone group and moderate-dose Jisuikang group compared with the other groups at 3–7 days post-injury. The rats in the moderate-dose Jisuikang group recovered best at 14 days post-injury. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy showed that the survival rate of neurons in treatment groups increased after 3–7 days of administration. Further, the structure of neurons and glial cells was more distinct, especially in prednisolone and moderate-dose Jisuikang groups. Western blot assay and immunohistochemistry showed that expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in injured segments was maintained at a high level after 7–14 days of treatment. In contrast, expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) was down-regulated at 7 days after spinal cord injury. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that expression of BDNF and NGF mRNA was induced in injured segments by prednisolone and Jisuikang. At 3–7 days after injury, the effect of prednisolone was greater, while 14 days after injury, the effect of moderate-dose Jisuikang was greater. These results confirm that Jisuikang can upregulate BDNF and NGF expression for a prolonged period after spinal cord injury and promote repair of acute spinal cord injury, with its effect being similar to prednisolone.
Decision tree ensemble hardware accelerators for embedded applications

This paper presents four different architectures for the hardware acceleration of axis-parallel, oblique and non-linear decision tree ensemble classifier systems. Hardware architectures for the implementation of a number of ensemble combination rules are also presented. The proposed architectures are optimized for size, making them particularly interesting for embedded applications where the size of the system is critical constraint. Proposed architectures are suitable for the implementation using FPGA and ASIC technology. Experiment results obtained using 29 datasets from the standard UCI Machine Learning Repository database suggest that the FPGA implementations offer significant improvement in the classification time in comparison with the pure software implementations.
Outcome in adolescent eating disorders

A consecutive series of 60 adolescent patients with eating disorders was followed up after a mean period of 58 months. At intermediate follow-up, 4 (6.65) of the former patients were reported deceased, and 6 could either not be traced or refused to cooperate. Follow-up assessment revealed the following diagnostic pattern in 50 patients who were followed up: 5 (10%) of the patients still suffered from anorexia nervosa, 2 (4%) from anorexia nervosa with bulimia, 7 (14%) from partial syndromes of anorexia nervosa, 2 (4%) from partial syndromes of bulimia nervosa, and 34 (68%) had recovered. Questionnaire findings indicated that the improvements that occurred during inpatient treatment were intact at follow-up. No significant findings were revealed by the analysis of a large scale of potential prognostic factors.