Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coastal evolution of Late Cretaceous and Pleistocene rocky shores: Pacific rim of northern Baja California, Mexico

Cretaceous on Cretaceous and Pleistocene on Cretaceous unconformities are mapped throughout a 45 km 2 field area surrounding the village of Erendira on the Pacific coast of northern Baja California, Mexico. The unconformities represent a late Pleistocene rocky shore (120000–130000 ka) directly superimposed on a Campanian–early Maastrichtian rocky shore (77–70 Ma). Superb exposure and preservation of coastal features allow for precise paleogeographic restorations. Physical analysis includes a comparison of rocky-shore composition, configuration, and overall length. Paleoecological analysis permits the recognition and comparison of preferred wave directions. High-intensity, windward biotas during the Late Cretaceous included rock-encrusting rudists and coralline red algae, while low-intensity, leeward biotas were characterized by rock-encrusting oysters, scleractinian corals, and bryozoans. During the Pleistocene, the open coast was exploited by the byssate bivalve Mytilus and boring bivalves including Petricola and Penitella , while more protected settings were dominated by the gastropods Olivella and Saxidomus . Amino-acid analysis of Saxidomus nuttalli yielded an age estimate consistent with the last interglacial epoch (oxygen isotope stage 5e). Wave impact was oblique to the paleoshore during the late Pleistocene; onshore winds were generated from the west. In contrast, wave movement was generated from the east to southeast and parallel to shore during the Late Cretaceous. Field data are integrated with paleogeographic reconstructions and predictive models, including computer models for local and global oceanography. Where different paleogeographies and oceanographic models conflict, field mapping of this sort adds a much needed element of ground truth.
Improving Glaucoma Detection: Harnessing the Power of Ensemble Semantic Segmentation for Optic Disc and Optic Cup with Deep Learning

Globally, glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible visual loss. Due to the lack of symptoms in the early stages of the disease, glaucoma is typically not diagnosed until severe vision loss has occurred. One of the most common ways to diagnose glaucoma is with a comprehensive eye exam. However, a substantial commitment of time, money, and specialist equipment and personnel is necessary to carry out such investigations. Using deep learning optic cup and disc segmentation based on retinal fundus images, this work aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a novel, affordable glaucoma screening tool. The research made use of ensemble learning technique to enhance semantic segmentation models. A number of recognized deep learning architectures, including Unet 3Plus, Deep Lab V3P, PSPNET and UW-Net, are combined in the proposed semantic ensemble segmentation model. Ensemble combination involves merging predictions from several models using a weighted averaging technique that considers the accuracy and dependability of each individual model. Metrics such as accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, area under the curve, intersection over union, dice coefficient, and f1-score are used to evaluate the performance in the study. The proposed model was validated on three publicly available datasets, namely ORIGA, REFUGE and RIM-ONE DL. The experimental results show that the suggested method can estimate the Cup to Disc Ratio CDR for thorough glaucoma screening, and it is on par with the state-of-the-art architecture utilized for optic disc and cup segmentation.
Risk Decision-Making Based on Cloud Theory and Prospect Theory for Conditional Maintenance of Power Transformer

Aiming to solve the problem of the commonly used natural language type to evaluate information, the risk of decision-making for transformer state based on cloud theory and prospect theory is suggested whose comprehensive evaluation index is composed of technique index, economic index and safety index. TOPSIS is used to obtain the positive (negative) ideal scheme as its reference and the positive (negative) correlation coefficient matrix was established by grey correlation analysis. Case study verifies its feasibility and effectiveness and shows its higher sensitivity. Introduction Power transformers are one of the important devices for power system   1 , whose operation state directly affect the safe and stable operation of system. Conditional maintenance, a strategy of low maintenance cost, shorter outrage time, high efficiency of the equipment, has a promising future at home and abroad   2-5 . In [3], some of the most important indicators are selected and the corresponding membership function is constructed, compared with three transformer condition maintenance by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Paper [5] constructed an optimization decision model of transformer substation conditional maintenance for the minimum target of the sum of the maintenance risk and faults risk. In this paper, a natural languages assessment information is represented given by decision-makers base on cloud theory, more objective to the quantitative treatment of qualitative indicators in maintenance policy evaluation. Establish the Transformer Condition Maintenance Policy Evaluation System Transformer maintenance policy is determined by many factors. Following the scientific, independence and operability principles, a comprehensive evaluation index system from expert assessment is established in the aspects of technical, economic and security based on the existing research results. Using the Cloud Theory to Realize the Quantitative Conversion of Qualitative Indicators In cloud theory, there are three parameters, expected value x E , entropy n E and hyper entropy e H , constitute the digital signature of cloud theory   6 . For instance, if three numerical characteristics are given, x E = 0.5, n E = 0.15, e H = 0.01, and N = 1000, then the concept of B as shown in Figure 1.
Cautious or marginalized? Perceptions of the riskiness of engaging in corruption and gender differences in corruptness

Previous studies suggest that women are often perceived as less corrupt and more risk averse, possibly due to longstanding asymmetries in power and marginalization that reproduce certain gender stereotypes. However, much remains unclear regarding the origins of these perceptions. Why are some individuals and societies more prone to perceive women as less corrupt than men? We present the first cross‐country examination of these questions utilizing data from the latest wave of the World Values Survey, covering a total of 49 countries. Our results suggest that both perceived riskiness of corruption and attitude toward gender equality, in addition to the overall level of gender inequality in society, matter in explaining a stronger belief in gender differences in corruptness. However, the positive association between a higher perceived riskiness and the perception that women are less corrupt is mostly limited to societies with high levels of corruption and gender inequality.Caillier, James. 2010. “Citizen Trust, Political Corruption, and Voting Behavior: Connecting the Dots. ” Politics & Policy 38(5): 1015–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2010. 00267.Malmberg, Fredrik G. , and Henrik Serup Christensen. 2021. “Voting Women, Protesting Men: A Multilevel Analysis of Corruption, Gender, and Political Participation. ” Politics & Policy 49(1): 126–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12393. Tusalem, Rollin F. 2022. “Does Gendered Representation in National Legislatures Promote Substantive Representation and Human Development? Evidence from the Developing World. ” Politics & Policy 50(6): 1096–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12503.
Concentrated Poverty: A Change in Course

Research on the increasing concentration of poverty in the 1980s gave renewed prominence to the role of neighborhood conditions in social policy. This paper begins an examination of trends in this phenomenon during the 1990s, covering all U.S. metropolitan areas. It opens with data on patterns of increase and decrease in concentrated poverty, nationally and for different regions and types of metropolitan areas. Data are presented using both a 40 percent and a 30 percent poverty rate cut-off for defining high-poverty census tracts. The paper also examines the mechanics by which these changes took place. The central finding is that, after decades of moving in the other direction, poverty became notably less concentrated in the 1990s. The share of the metropolitan poor who live in high-poverty neighborhoods (poverty rates of 30 percent or more) increased from 25 to 31 percent in the 1980s but dropped back to 26 percent in 2000. The share of all such neighborhoods in large central cities and predominantly black populations declined while shares of those in the suburbs and those with predominantly Hispanic populations increased.
Role of Trabecular Metal Augments in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty with Acetabular Bone Defects

Background: Annually, a growing number of total hip arthroplasties (THA) are being conducted, and a comparable upward trend has been noted in revision hip procedures. Objective: The objective of this research endeavour is to assess the initial functional and radiological results in patients who are undergoing revision THA and have acetabular defects; trabecular metal augments (TMA) are utilised for acetabular reconstruction. Patients and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 40 patients undergoing rTHA with loose acetabular component with acetabular defects. The study was done in the period between April 2021 and December 2022 in Benha University Hospital, including forty patients undergoing revision total hip arthroplasty with acetabular defects that necessitate reconstruction. All the patients were followed up for one year. All patients were evaluated with anteroposterior and cross table lateral plain X-ray, immediately postoperatively then at two, six, twelve weeks, six months then annually. Functional outcomes were measured with Oxford Hip Score (OHS). Results: There was no significant difference between Paprosky II and Paprosky III as regard OHS improvement. 2(5%) of patients had fair OHS grade, 16(40%) had good OHS grade, 22(55%) had excellent OHS grade. Conclusions: The promising early results of using THA for acetabular reconstruction convinced more surgeons to start using this system in revision surgeries.
Optimal control of cobalt crust seabed mining parameters based on simulated annealing genetic algorithm

在指明的收集比率和垃圾的使融合的比率的条件下面，保证最少的精力消费，收集头(feed 速度，收集头的轴高度，和 rotate 速度) 的参数被选择为优化参数。 根据切的精选上的力量，钴外壳和基岩和收集的头，的优化精力消费的收集的尺寸收集头的优化设计模型被造。 拿 200 组织海床 microtopography 为在从 4.5 ～ 5.5 厘米的深度排水量的范围宏大，然后使用改进了模仿的退火的基因算法(英雄传奇) ，相应优化结果能被获得。 同时，出发以便加快控制收集，优化结果用海床 microtopography 的第二个参数的回归分析方法，和结论被分析被拉。
In vitro bioavailability studies on phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity potential of Clematis viticella L.

Since biotransformation processes generally affect the biological activities of phytochemical compounds, bioavailability is one of the primary steps in determining the potency of the activity. Previous studies have shown that in vitro antioxidant capacity of phytochemicals cannot completely reflect real health benefits. Clematis species (Ranunculaceae) are used to eliminate the symptoms of many diseases including particularly in the treatment of rheumatic diseases in Turkey, however the number of studies conducted is limited. In the light of this information, the total phytochemical profile of the extract of aerial parts of C. viticella prepared with 80% methanol and the gastrointestinal digestion products and the antioxidant activity profile were evaluated by subjecting them to the in vitro simulation model of the human digestive tract in the study. It was observed that both total phytochemical content and antioxidant activity decreased after simulated human digestion. Moreover, this study was shown potential bioaccessibility and bioavailability of total phenol, phenolic acid, flavonoid, and saponin content found in the aerial parts of Clematis viticella were reduced. Consequently, these indicate that it can result from the complicated interaction of compounds in the plant matrix in an in vitro simulated human digestion.
Career opportunities and guidance among early-career anaesthesiologists – A questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey

Background and Aims: The opportunities to work for early-career anaesthesiologists are in various sectors such as teaching institutes, private practice, and corporate hospitals in India or abroad. The primary aim of the survey was to determine whether early-career anaesthesiologists wanted to work in India or abroad. The secondary objectives were to determine the proportion of early-career anaesthesiologists who wished to pursue further studies and what degree they wanted to pursue. Methods: A validated questionnaire containing questions related to career preferences was circulated by social media among early-career anaesthesiologists via Google Forms. The survey questionnaire focussed on whether the respondents wanted to work in India or abroad or pursue further studies. The survey results were tabulated in an Excel sheet. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data, and the Chi-square test was applied where appropriate. Age-group preferences and gender preferences were also analysed. Results: A total of 684 responses were received. The mean (SD) age of the respondents was 31.4 (2.8) years. Among the respondents, 64.1% were female, and 35.9% were male. Of the respondents, 309 (72.5%) were in a job, 50 (11.7%) were pursuing Society-recognised fellowships, and the rest were pursuing super-specialisation degrees or University-recognised fellowships. Two hundred and eighty-six respondents (75.5%) wanted to study outside India. Only 155 (36.6%) had career guidance from immediate contacts or mentors. Conclusion: Early-career anaesthesiologists want to pursue further degrees and fellowships after their graduation in anaesthesiology. Career guidance is an important aspect of anaesthesiology training.
With Ellenberg indicator values towards the north: Does the indicative power decrease with distance from Central Europe?

Ellenberg indicator values (EIV) are frequently used in regions outside their Central European origin as proxies for environmental conditions, a practice further boosted by the increasing scientific focus on global change. The performance of EIV outside their geographic origin and over long gradients has, however, rarely been tested. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the indicative power of EIV changes over a large geographic gradient and to analyse the potential causes of such changes.
Limited Utility of Biochemical Screening for Pituitary Deficiencies and Adverse Effects in Idiopathic GH Deficiency

Abstract Context In children with isolated growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD), routine biochemical screening for multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies (MPHD) and adverse effects related to growth hormone (GH) treatment are frequently performed. More evidence is needed to support this practice. Objectives To evaluate the rate of development of MPHD among children initially diagnosed with isolated GHD and to assess the utility of screening tests to identify complications of GH therapy. Design Retrospective analysis of subjects treated with GH since 2005. For the first objective, only subjects diagnosed with GHD were included. Subjects were excluded if GHD was associated with an acquired disorder or condition known to be associated with pituitary abnormalities. For the second objective, other GH-treated diagnoses were included. Patients A total of 328 subjects (171 with GHD, 154 with idiopathic short stature, and three with SHOX deficiency). Results In subjects with isolated GHD, MPHD was diagnosed in seven (4.2%) after a mean of 35.4 months (range, 9.4 to 68.0). Sex, age at diagnosis, duration of GH, and peak stimulated GH levels were not associated with developing MPHD. Among subjects with an MRI abnormality, 13.9% developed MPHD (OR, 6.3; 95% CI, 1.2 to 33.7). In the entire cohort, three subjects (0.9%) developed dysglycemia, and no subject had persistently abnormal liver or renal function tests. Conclusions There is a limited role for routine biochemical screening for MPHD in children with idiopathic isolated GHD or for adverse effects in otherwise healthy children. Routine biochemical screening for MPHD should be limited to those with an abnormal MRI.
Research Article Investigation and Validation of Mission Evaluation Models for Space Close-Range Inspection

Space close-range inspection can be used to carry out close-range observation and monitoring of targets for identifying the target ’ s types and working states, which is of great signi ﬁ cance for space missions such as in-orbit services. The e ﬀ ectiveness evaluation of space inspection tasks will signi ﬁ cantly a ﬀ ect the studies on the trajectory design, orbit motion control, and task termination conditions. However, the evaluation models in previous studies are too simple such as that they are usually without considering dynamic changes in the satellite orbit relative motion. Besides, these studies fail to build a comprehensive evaluation model for the whole inspection task process. In this paper, taking the most commonly used optical inspection as an example, the novel multifactor inspection task e ﬀ ectiveness evaluation models were investigated, including the constraint models of observation, the relative distance evaluation model, the e ﬀ ective observation time evaluation model, and the target observation angle evaluation model. These models solve the e ﬀ ectiveness evaluation problem for the complete process of an inspection task, which can support the design of inspection strategies and trajectories better by using the evaluation results. In addition, numerical simulations and 20 semiphysical experiments were carried out to validate the proposed evaluation models.
ACTIVE DEEP LEARNING FOR NONLINEAR OPTICS DESIGN OF A VERTICAL FFA ACCELERATOR

Vertical Fixed-Field Alternating Gradient (vFFA) accelerators exhibit particle orbits which move vertically during acceleration. This recently rediscovered circular accelerator type has several advantages over conventional ring accelerators, such as zero momentum compaction factor. At the same time, inherently non-planar orbits and a unique transverse coupling make controlling the beam dynamics a complex task. In general, betatron tune adjustment is crucial to avoid resonances, particularly when space charge effects are present. Due to highly nonlinear magnetic fields in the vFFA, it remains a challenging task to determine an optimal lattice design in terms of maximising the dynamic aperture. This contribution describes a deep learning based algorithm which strongly improves on regular grid scans and random search to find an optimal lattice: a surrogate model is built iteratively from simulations with varying lattice parameters to predict the dynamic aperture. The training of the model follows an active learning paradigm, which thus considerably reduces the number of samples needed from the computationally expensive simulations.
Computer Vision and Image Understanding

High dynamic range (HDR) imaging from multiple low dynamic range (LDR) images has been suffering from ghosting artifacts caused by scene and objects motion. Existing methods, such as optical flow based and end-to-end deep learning based solutions, are error-prone either in detail restoration or ghosting artifacts removal. Comprehensive empirical evidence shows that ghosting artifacts caused by large foreground motion are mainly low-frequency signals and the details are mainly high-frequency signals. In this work, we propose a novel frequency-guided end-to-end deep neural network (FHDRNet) to conduct HDR fusion in the frequency domain, and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is used to decompose inputs into different frequency bands. The low-frequency signals are used to avoid specific ghosting artifacts, while the high-frequency signals are used for preserving details. Using a U-Net as the backbone, we propose two novel modules: merging module and frequency-guided upsampling module. The merging module applies the attention mechanism to the low-frequency components to deal with the ghost caused by large foreground motion. The frequency-guided upsampling module reconstructs details from multiple frequency-specific components with rich details. In addition, a new RAW dataset is created for training and evaluating multi-frame HDR imaging algorithms in the RAW domain. Extensive experiments are conducted on public datasets and our RAW dataset, showing that the proposed FHDRNet achieves state-of-the-art performance.
A Survey on High Dimensional Computing with Arabic Language A Survey on High Dimensional Computing with Arabic Language Processing Processing

: A growing amount of Arabic textual content comes accessible via the World Wide Web in properties and companies via Internet and Intranet services, there is a pressing need for technology and tools to handle the relevant data. In the context of Arabic processing of language, high-dimensional computation. The stemming method is intended to be used throughout document categorization to lower the high dimensionality of the domain of features, which improves categorization system performance, especially for highly modulating languages such as Arabic. It then digs into other sub-topics, such as methods for decreasing dimensionality, categorization computations, natural language processing jobs, and Arabic-speciﬁc applications. Each sub-topic is explored in depth, emphasising the main ﬁndings, techniques, and signiﬁcant advances documented in the scientiﬁc literature. In addition, the survey report analyses future trends as well as prevalent obstacles in high-dimensional computing with Arabic language processing. It investigates the effectiveness and relevance of existing procedures while also exposing gaps and limits that need to be addressed further. The report provides knowledge of the present situation of the topic and suggests new directions for future studies by critically analysing the examined literature. This survey report is signiﬁcant because of its ability to integrate and synthesise current knowledge, offering researchers as well as practitioners with a complete resource on the combination of high-dimensional computing with Arabic processing of languages. The paper may be utilised as an easy way to ﬁnd pertinent works that cover a given issue for a particular dialect.
Fisheries on Mesopodopsis (Mysida: Mysidae) and Acetes (Decapoda: Sergestidae) in Indonesia

Edible crustaceans belonging to mysids and Acetes have been studied in Indonesia based on field sam plings at fishing grounds and buying materials. Interview surveys were also conducted at public offices and processing industries. Various fishing gears were employed by fishermen to catch these crustaceans. Acetes was caught throughout the year, but the peak fishing season varied depending on the fishing grounds and the alternation of monsoons. There is no exact information regarding the peak season of mysids, but they were available in brackish and salt ponds throughout the year. Best fishing time for mysids and Acetes was during darkness. The catches and values of a mixture of mysids and Acetes (“rebon”) were fluctuating year-by-year and there was a greater annual catch in the sea than in brackish ponds. The catch of “rebon” in Madura was the highest among all locations surveyed, which was about 4 tons/day with the value of Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) 15,300,000 (about US$1,700)/ton in the peak fishing season from February to March. The important species of mysid were Mesopodopsis orientalis and M. tenuipes, and of Acetes were A. indicus, A. serrulatus, A.erythraeus, A. sibogae sibogae, A. japonicus, and A. vulgaris. They were all used for making shrimp paste, the so called “terasi”. The price at market for “rebon” and “terasi” varied depending on the quality of the product and the locality. Dried and fresh “rebon” were sold for IDR 5,000 to 15,000/kg, whereas “terasi” was sold at IDR 3,000 - 40,000/kg.