Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of the Rectangular-Like Output Waveforms of a 720 kV Coaxial Marx Generator

The mechanism of generation of unique output voltages of a low-inductance coaxial Marx generator, developed for producing relativistic electron beams or ion beams, is investigated using an equivalent circuit in which two kinds of stray capacitance are taken into account. One of these is that which exists between each Marx module and the Marx outer conductor, and the other is that which exists between the two electrodes of the spark gap. The former capacitance is found to be useful for generating rectangular-like output voltages, which the latter capacitance is found to be harmful.
Implementasi Metode User Centered Design (UCD) dengan Framework Kanban dalam Membangun Desain Interaksi

Desain interaksi sekarang tersebar luas dalam pengembangan produk dan layanan. Berbagai pengembang perangkat lunak berlomba untuk menciptakan aplikasi yang dapat memberikan pengalaman menyenangkan bagi penggunanya. Hal ini berdampak terhadap loyalitas pengguna dalam menggunakan sebuah aplikasi menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi pengembang untuk terus menerus meningkatkan kualitas dan memberikan pengalaman bagi pengguna sehingga dapat dengan mudah dan mudah dipahami bagaimana alur dari aplikasi alur dari aplikasi tersebut dengan baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah bagaiman menerapkan metode User Centered Design (UCD) dengan kerangka kerja Kanban dalam merancang sebuah desain interaksi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna, sehingga pengguna dengan dengan mudah memahami dan mengunakan aplikasi tersebut. Dalam mencapai tujuan dari penelitian, diterapkan metode User Centered Design (UCD) dimana metode ini berfokus kepada perancangan dengan melibatkan pengguna langsung dalam kegiatan pengembangan sistemnya. Selain itu dibuat kerangka kerja menggunakan kanban sebagai proses monitioring selama penelitian berjalan. Sebagai kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan desain interaksi menggunakan metode UCD dan kerangka kerja Kanban dapat menciptakan sebuah desain interaksi yang mudah digunakan.
“Anger, embarrassment, less than a woman”: the emotional impact of Black women’s sexual pain

ABSTRACT Limited research has examined the emotions Black women report when thinking about sexual pain. To fill this gap in the literature, we explored the types of emotions that emerged when N = 126 premenopausal Black women thought about pain during sex. Open-ended responses to the following research question were analyzed: “What feelings emerge when you think about sexual pain? ” Structural tabular thematic analysis was used to find commonalities in participants’ responses. Findings indicated five families, or categories, of emotions: self-judgment, anger/disgust, sadness, anxiety, and emotions felt somatically. Additionally, women’s reports were predominantly within the feeling state and cognitive appraisal components of emotion. Implications for health providers and therapists are discussed.
An Empirical Study of Ancient Wisdom : Effect of Anasakti (Non-Attachment) and Ahamkara (Ego) on Well-Being Amongst Indians

Introduction: According to Indian psychology, anasakti (non-attachment) and ahamkara (ego) play a significant role in determining true happiness. Aims: To study the role of anasakti (non-attachment) and ahamkara (ego) on the level of well-being amongst Indian adults. Methods: For the current study, 240 educated, urban Indian adults (Females = 104, Males = 136) were surveyed to investigate the relationship of anasakti (non-attachment) and ahamkara (ego) with well-being variables. Results: Anasakti (“non-attachment”) was revealed to be a significant factor in ensuring life satisfaction and experiencing positive emotions. Although ahamkara (“ego”) contributed significantly toward higher cognitive well-being and affective states, it better predicted negative emotions. Conclusions: The current study’s findings may widen our understanding of “What makes people happy? ” and may add to the global well-being literature.
Cross-reactive aeroallergens – the main cause of food allergy

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify allergenic cross-reacting allergens in patients with inhalation and food allergy using molecular diagnostics ISAC test. The study group consisted of 50 adult patients. The control group contained 20 healthy people. In the study group 92% patients were found to have the asIgE component responsible for cross-allergy between plant pollens and foods. The presence of asIgE was the most common for the Bet v 1 component. AsIgE was also detected for the component responsible for the presence of a true allergy to 26% patients. A statistically significant frequency of sensitization to 12 cross-reactive components was demonstrated, 10 of them belonged to the PR-10 proteins. An allergy profile of the studied population was created based on the ISAC results. The results of the study suggest that cross-reactions are the main cause of food allergy, and their frequency rises with increased sensitization to inhaled allergens.
A comparison of subgrid‐scale models for large‐eddy simulations of convection in the Earth's core

SUMMARY Large-eddy simulations provide a strategy for modelling large-scale flow when the smallest scales are not resolved. The approach relies on spatial filtering to eliminate scales smaller than the grid spacing, but requires models for the influence of the subgrid scales. We investigate four subgrid-scale models in numerical calculations of magnetoconvection in the Earth's core. Three of the models are based on eddy diffusivities, while the fourth is the similarity model of Bardina et al. (1980). The predictions of the subgrid-scale models are tested using a direct numerical simulation (DNS), which resolves the smallest dissipative scales. In order to achieve the required resolution we restrict the calculations to a small volume of the core with periodic boundary conditions. The grid is a cube with 128 × 64 × 32 nodes, oriented so that the z-coordinate is aligned with the rotation axis and the y-coordinate is parallel to an imposed magnetic field. The direction of gravity may be oriented arbitrarily in the x–z plane and several representative cases are considered. Output from the DNS is filtered on to a coarser grid prior to evaluating the subgrid-scale models. The results are compared with estimates of the subgrid-scale heat and momentum fluxes calculated from the fully resolved solution. Substantial anisotropy in the subgrid-scale fluxes is caused by the influences of rotation and the imposed magnetic field. Models based on scalar eddy diffusivities are incapable of reproducing this anisotropy, whereas the similarity model gives a good match to the amplitude and spatial distribution of the subgrid-scale fluxes.
On the relationship between finite volume and finite element methods applied to the Stokes equations

We investigate the relationship between finite volume and finite element approximations for the lower‐order elements, both conforming and nonconforming for the Stokes equations. These elements include conforming, linear velocity‐constant pressure on triangles, conforming bilinear velocity‐constant pressure on rectangles and their macro‐element versions, and nonconforming linear velocity‐constant pressure on triangles and nonconforming rotated bilinear velocity‐constant pressure on rectangles. By applying the relationship between the two methods, we obtain the convergence finite volume solutions for the Stokes equations. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 17: 440–453, 2001.
Low oxytocin levels in schizophrenia patients involved in crime and the relationship of these levels to aggression, empathy and forgiveness

ABSTRACT In this study, we aimed to measure the oxytocin levels of patients with schizophrenia who were involved in crime. A total of 130 people (50 patients with schizophrenia who had been involved in crime, 40 patients with schizophrenia who had not been involved in crime and 40 healthy controls) were included in the study. Serum oxytocin levels of all participants were measured. The oxytocin levels of the schizophrenia group involved in crime were lower than those of the other groups (p < 0.001). In patients with schizophrenia, the oxytocin levels of patients negatively correlated with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score (r = −0.339, p = 0.016 < 0.05) and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) total score (r = −0.551, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with the Affective and Cognitive Measure of Empathy (ACME) total score (r = 0.699, p < 0.001) and Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS) total score (r = 0.682, p < 0.001). Those who committed murder had lower oxytocin levels than those who committed other crimes (p < 0.05). In patients with schizophrenia, early measurement of oxytocin levels and the addition of oxytocin to the treatment may be beneficial.
Precise measurements of atomic energy levels: D lines and fine-structure interval in K

We use a diode laser locked to a Rb transition as the frequency reference, along with a scanning Michelson interferometer, to make precise frequency measurements of atomic energy levels. The high precision is possible because the Rb reference frequency is known with submegahertz accuracy. We measured the frequencies of the D lines in K and obtained the following values: 12985.169 60(20) cm1 for the 4P 1/2 state (D 1 line), 13042.875 95(21) cm1 for the 4P 3/2 state (D 2 line), and 57.706 35(24) cm1 for the 4P 3/2 4P 1/2 fine-structure interval. The errors represent approximately an order-of-magnitude improvement over tabulated values.
Image segmentation for night-vision surveillance camera based on deep learning

Under low illumination environments, the insufficient visible light and the existence of near-infrared light will cause photon noise and color distortion for the imaging of night-vision CMOS sensor. The light source highly affects the imaging of surveillance camera and declines the accuracy of semantic segmentation. In this work, we report a modified convolutional neural network based on DeepLabV3+. We modify the backbone of the network from Xception to MobileNetV2 to deal with the real-time vision task of night-vision surveillance camera. Linear bottleneck and inverted residuals are adopted in MobileNetV2, and they greatly reduce parameters of the network. A real-world low-light dataset with fine annotations for night-vision surveillance camera is proposed to train and evaluated the new framework. Aiming at the problem of insufficient training samples, transfer learning and a new image enhancement strategy are carried out to complete the training. We also change the loss function to a joint loss function to further improve the results of segmentation. Comparing with other existing state-of-the-art algorithms, the modified neural network shows competitive performance on both subjective and objective assessments. The ablation study comparing with the baseline model proves the effectiveness of the modifications.
The Distribution of Energy Perturbations for Halley's and Some Other Comets

As a result of conversations with Dr. J. M. Hammersley the writer became interested in the "random walk" which a comet performs along the energy scale when making its successive revolutions about the sun. The subject is of course far from being a new one; in particular, significant papers by H. N. Russell [13], A. J. J. van Woerkom [17], and J. H. Oort [12] must be mentioned. Recently, however, J. M. Hammersley and R. A. Lyttleton [9] have taken up some of the stochastic problems involved in great detail, and following on their work the relevant integral equations have been investigated (Kendall [10]) from a slightly different point of view. In all this analysis a conspicuous role is played by the frequency distribution of energy perturbations suffered by a comet during the transition from one aphelion to the next, and it therefore seemed appropriate to collect and discuss some empirical evidence on the form of this distribution which is available in virtue of earlier computations. It is important for the theoretical work that one should know the distribution of energy perturbations for strongly bound as well as for loosely bound comets, and it is fortunate that the evidence is not entirely restricted to the loosely bound comets, even though the fragment of evidence relating to the other end of the energy scale concerns just one comet (Halley's) and that not a specially typical one.
Momentary links between adolescents' social media use and social experiences and motivations: Individual differences by peer susceptibility.

This longitudinal ecological momentary assessment study examined whether adolescents' use of social media to interact with peers relates to their experiences of social connectedness, social craving, and sensation seeking on an hourly level. Further, we investigated whether these associations differ for adolescents who were nominated by their peers as more or less susceptible to social influences, because highly susceptible youth may be more strongly impacted by social media due to heightened focus on peer behaviors and social feedback. The sample was 212 adolescents in the southeastern United States (Mage = 15 years; range 14 to 17; 56.2% female; 40% White, 28% Latinx, 26% African American, 15% mixed/other race). Controlling for both daily and between-subjects effects, we found a consistent pattern of hourly-level results that were robust to sensitivity analyses. When highly susceptible adolescents used social media to interact with peers in the last hour, they felt less socially connected to others and more strongly craved social connections and novel sensations. Youth who are particularly sensitive to social input from peers may feel less connected to others and crave more connections and exciting stimuli within 1 hr after using social media to interact with peers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Modulating Directional Movement of Graphene Nanoflake Using a Channel

The graphene-based nano-mechanical systems have attracted a lot of attention due to their unique properties. Owing to its planar shape, it is hard to control the direction of motion of graphene. In this study, a directional system based on graphene with a channel driven by a thermal gradient was examined by means of molecular dynamics simulations. The results showed that the channel could direct the motion and correct the rotation of graphene nanoflakes. The movement of graphene nanoflake not only depended on the interaction between the nanoflake and the substrate, but also the configuration of the graphene in the channel. A larger thermal gradient was needed to drive a hydrogen-passivated graphene nanoflake. However, the movement of a passivated nanoflake was more stable. Our results showed that a passivated graphene nanoflake could move steadily along a direction in a channel, which might shed light on the design of nano-mechanical systems based on graphene.
Visibility graph analysis on heartbeat dynamics of meditation training

We apply the visibility graph analysis to human heartbeat dynamics by constructing the complex networks of heartbeat interval time series and investigating the statistical properties of the network before and during chi and yoga meditation. The experiment results show that visibility graph analysis can reveal the dynamical changes caused by meditation training manifested as regular heartbeat, which is closely related to the adjustment of autonomous neural system, and visibility graph analysis is effective to evaluate the effect of meditation.
Adaptive bandwidth choice

In this paper, we consider the problem of bandwidth choice in the parallel settings of nonparametric kernel smoothed spectral density and probability density estimation. We propose a new class of ‘plug-in’ type bandwidth estimators, and show their favorable asymptotic properties. The new estimators automatically adapt to the degree of underlying smoothness which is unknown. The main idea behind the new estimators is the use of infinite-order ‘flat-top’ kernels for estimation of the constants implicit in the formulas giving the asymptotically optimal bandwidth choices. The proposed bandwidth choice rule for ‘flat-top’ kernels has a direct analogy with the notion of thresholding in wavelets. It is shown that the use of infinite-order kernels in the pilot estimator has a twofold advantage: (a) accurate estimation of the bandwidth constants, and (b) easy determination of the required ‘pilot’ kernel bandwidth.
Examining Teachers’ Perceptions of E-Learning Tools: A Survey from Indonesian EAP Classrooms

Given the fact that online teaching has been widely implemented across the globe during this Covid-19 pandemic, teachers are required to have a high level of IT skills to be able to conduct online teaching. It is without exception that EAP (English for Academic Purpose) teachers need to familiarize themselves with electronic devices due to the benefits they have to offer in an e-learning environment. The current study aims at examining teachers’ perceptions of using e-learning tools in the context of Indonesian EAP classrooms. Forty-five Indonesian EAP teachers participated in the current study with different ages, academic backgrounds, and lengths of EAP teaching experiences. The instruments used to collect the research data were an online survey and semi-structured interviews. The results showed that video and VLEs were the two most commonly-used e-learning tools among the teachers with “self-taught” and “colleagues” being the two most favorite approaches the teachers have employed to learn such tools. Besides, promoting student engagement and developing learner autonomy were perceived as positive impacts of using e-learning tools by the teachers. Pedagogical implications of this study’s findings suggested that school authorities should organize more regular pre-service teacher training programs with the purpose to help novice teachers to improve their IT skills. Besides, e-learning tools should be more used in online teachings due to the benefits they have to offer for promoting student engagement and facilitating learner autonomy. A number of limitations in the current study are also presented along with some suggestions for future studies
Extended Energy-Expenditure Model in Soccer: Evaluating Player Performance in the Context of the Game

Every soccer game influences each player’s performance differently. Many studies have tried to explain the influence of different parameters on the game; however, none went deeper into the core and examined it minute-by-minute. The goal of this study is to use data derived from GPS wearable devices to present a new framework for performance analysis. A player’s energy expenditure is analyzed using data analytics and K-means clustering of low-, middle-, and high-intensity periods distributed in 1 min segments. Our framework exhibits a higher explanatory power compared to usual game metrics (e.g., high-speed running and sprinting), explaining 45.91% of the coefficient of variation vs. 21.32% for high-, 30.66% vs. 16.82% for middle-, and 24.41% vs. 19.12% for low-intensity periods. The proposed methods enable deeper game analysis, which can help strength and conditioning coaches and managers in gaining better insights into the players’ responses to various game situations.
Pressure and stress tensor expressions in the fluid mechanical formulation of the Bose condensate equations

It is shown that a momentum equation identical in form to that of the familiar Navier-Stokes fluid, can be derived for the fluid condensate of a weakly interacting Bose gas. For the condensate the pressure is given by the simple barotropic relation p= rho 2/4, while the anisotropic stress tensor sigma ij' depends only on the density and density of gradients.
Turbulent mixing in uniform channels of irregular cross-section

A new method is presented for modelling three-dimensional turbulent dispersion problems in open channels with an arbitrary, but uniform, cross-section. The semi-analytical technique is applicable when investigating the steady discharge of effluent into a channel which has distributions of longitudinal velocity and turbulent diffusivities specified over its cross-section. Implementation of the method is discussed, along with an example illustrative of the effects of three-dimensional mixing. Predictions are also compared with the experimental results of Wood and Liang (1989) for mixing in a flood-plain/main channel geometry.
Bio-Organic Fertilizer Combined with Different Amendments Improves Nutrient Enhancement and Salt Leaching in Saline Soil: A Soil Column Experiment

Salt-affected soils frequently experience leaching and desalination issues, which severely restrict plant growth and water uptake. Hence, in this experiment, four treatments including CG (no amendments addition); OF (organic fertilizer addition); OH (organic fertilizer and Hekang amendment addition); and OB (organic fertilizer and fulvic acid addition) were designed to examine the effect of organic amendment on soil chemical properties, water and salt transport, and soil desalination laws of coastal saline soil. The results showed that the addition of organic amendments significantly reduced soil pH (8.47–8.52) and salt content (2.06–2.34 g kg−1), while increasing soil organic matter content, available phosphorus, and available potassium. OH treatment has a higher available phosphorus content than other treatments. OH and OB treatments elevated the soil desalination ratio (32.95% and 32.12%, respectively) by raising the leaching volume and leaching rate. Organic amendments significantly promoted Na+ (4.5–32%) and SO42− (12–27%) leaching compared to CG. Organic treatments, particularly OB treatment, not only increased the content of soil organic matter and available nutrients but also promoted salt ion leaching, improved soil permeability and increased soil desalination and water leaching rates. Our results may provide a theoretical basis for revealing the desalination law of coastal saline soil.
Effects of MgSO4 Alone or Associated with 4-PBA on Behavior and White Matter Integrity in a Mouse Model of Cerebral Palsy: A Sex- and Time-Dependent Study

Cerebral palsy (CP) is defined as permanent disorders of movement and posture. Prematurity and hypoxia–ischemia (HI) are risk factors of CP, and boys display a greater vulnerability to develop CP. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is administered to mothers at risk of preterm delivery as a neuroprotective agent. However, its effectiveness is only partial at long term. To prolong MgSO4 effects, it was combined with 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA). A mouse model of neonatal HI, generating lesions similar to those reported in preterms, was realized. At short term, at the behavioral and cellular levels, and in both sexes, the MgSO4/4-PBA association did not alter the total prevention induced by MgSO4 alone. At long term, the association extended the MgSO4 preventive effects on HI-induced motor and cognitive deficits. This might be sustained by the promotion of oligodendrocyte precursor differentiation after HI at short term, which led to improvement of white matter integrity at long term. Interestingly, at long term, at a behavioral level, sex-dependent responses to HI were observed. This might partly be explained by early sex-dependent pathological processes that occur after HI. Indeed, at short term, apoptosis through mitochondrial pathways seemed to be activated in females but not in males, and only the MgSO4/4-PBA association seemed to counter this apoptotic process.