Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Development of a Fiqh Study Learning Model with a Contextual Approach in the Department of Islamic Education in Higher Education

This study aims to develop a Fiqh Study Learning Model using a contextual approach. The research is based on the demands of the ’Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) curriculum and the learning needs of fiqh studies to connect with everyday life. The learning development also strives to enhance the pedagogic and professional competence of prospective teachers of Islamic Education. This research follows the Research and Development model using the ADDIE analysis (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). The researchers collected data through observation, questionnaires and expert validation methods. The sample comprised 196 students from the Department of Islamic Education at three universities: Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Bandung, and Universitas Negeri Padang. The researchers selected participants using stratified and random sampling techniques. The results of the validity analysis, employing SEM, and the reliability test, using Alpha Cronbach and SPSS, showed a significant need. The use of AIKEN V in expert validation has demonstrated the reliability and validity of the data. The findings also indicate the validity of each aspect of the indicator dimension against the question item on the development model instrument. Evidently, employing contextual approaches and authentic assessments to teach fiqh studies can enhance students’ ability to connect fiqh study learning with daily contexts. Keywords: Fiqh study, contextual learning, Islamic Education (IE)
Factors Influencing Thai Muslims' Willingness to Donate Cash Waqf to Religious Project

Purpose — Muslim communities in Thailand have lately used cash waqf as a creative strategy to raise seed money from Muslim contributors to implement religious projects such as building religious institutions like mosques and Islamic schools. The factors influencing this unique kind of giving have, to date, rarely been studied. This research attempts to examine the motivational and economic elements that impact people’s willingness to donate (WTD) cash waqf to such religious projects. Design/Methodology/Approach — The study utilised a Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) and an ordinal logistic regression method to examine the effects of various independent variables on the WTD. A validated structured questionnaire was utilised to collect primary data from 404 cash waqf donors in the southernmost provinces of Thailand. Findings — When comparing donors with medium income levels to those with higher salary levels, the findings show that donors in the higher salary category were more likely to generate a higher WTD propensity. The probability of donors’ WTD was positively influenced by any reductions in debt levels. Furthermore, factors such as belief in the afterlife, the salience of one’s Muslim identity, and the experience of a warm glow were found to have a positive impact on individuals’ WTD cash waqf to religious projects. Originality/Value — This study utilised the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to examine the cash waqf practices, which has received limited attention in previous scholarly works. Furthermore, the variables employed in this research serve to broaden the scope of understanding in the realm of Islamic philanthropy, surpassing the confines of the attitude-intention framework. Research Limitations/Implications — The factors used in this study encompass the internal drives of potential donors. In reality, a number of external circumstances, such as the validity of the waqf project and the donor’s accessibility to other options, may have an impact on the donor’s choice. Additionally, the scope of this study was restricted to the southern border provinces of Thailand. It would be of interest to conduct additional research that broadens the sample size and geographical scope to include other regions within the country or even other countries with diverse cultural and socioeconomic contexts. This would enable the generalisation of the findings obtained from this study. Practical Implications — Waqf fundraising organisations should focus on boosting awareness among high-income, low-debt people. This population group donates more than middle- and lower-class people. Mosques and religious organisations can use a strategy to help donors reassess the spiritual benefits of waqf giving in relation to the afterlife, the reinforcement of their Muslim identity, and the emotional satisfaction of giving. These motivators will increase the likelihood of mosque donations.
13C mixed triglyceride breath test

There is no easy and reliable test universally accepted in clinical practice to measure fat digestion. Fat balance studies are insensitive and unpleasant for regular clinical assessment, direct measures of pancreatic function are impractical for repeated use, the “steatocrit” method is not quantitative; tubeless tests have not proved to be effective substitutes; and clinical measures, such as stool frequency, appearance, and consistency, are subjective. In 1981 an isotope breath test named the “mixed triglyceride (MTG) breath test” was described by Ghoos et al to measure intraduodenal lipase activity as an index of exocrine pancreatic function in adults.1 It was later modified by the substitution of 13C for 14C.2 The labelled carbon, originating from the labelled fat as a result of digestion, absorption, and oxidation, can be detected in exhaled carbon dioxide and the amount recovered in the breath is an indirect measure of lipolysis within the small intestine. The MTG breath test derives its name from the presence in the test molecule of both long and medium chain fatty acids. The labelled substrate consists of a triglyceride with two molecules of stearic acid at the Sn-1 and three positions and 13C octanoic acid in the Sn-2 position (1,3-distearyl [13C octanoyl] glycerol). The MTG has a number of advantages over other triglycerides, such as trioctanoin and triolein,3 which have been used as substrates with which to measure fat digestion in adults and children.4 5 Although the MTG is not representative of a naturally occurring dietary fat, the rate limiting step in its digestion is hydrolysis of the two stearyl groups by pancreatic lipase. Normal diet contains little octanoate, and the labelled tracer is not therefore diluted by unlabelled substrate. Octanoic acid, as a medium chain fatty acid, is rapidly and completely absorbed …
Deep and shallow overturning circulations in the tropical atmosphere

DEEP AND SHALLOW OVERTURNING CIRCULATIONS IN THE TROPICAL ATMOSPHERE This dissertation examines the dynamics of zonally symmetr ic, deep and shallow overturning circulations in the tropical atmosphere. The dynamics are d iscussed in the context of idealized analytical solutions of the equatorial β-plane version of the Eliassen meridional circulation equa tion that arises in balanced models of the Hadley circulation. Th is elliptic equation for the meridional circulation has been solved analytically by first performin g a vertical normal mode transform that converts the partial differential equation into a system of ordinary differential equations for the meridional structures of all the vertical modes. These meri dional structure equations can be solved via the Green’s function, which can be expressed in terms of p arabolic cylinder functions of halfinteger order. The analytical solutions take simple forms i n two special cases: (1) Forcing by deep diabatic heating that projects only onto the first internal m ode in the absence of Ekman pumping; (2) Forcing by Ekman pumping in the absence of any diabat c heating. Case (1) leads to deep overturning circulations, while case (2) leads to shallow o verturning circulations. Both circulations show a marked asymmetry between the winter hemisphere and su mmer hemisphere overturning cells. This asymmetry is due to the basic anisotropy introdu ce by the spatially varying inertial stability coefficient in the Eliassen meridional circulation e quation. A simple physical interpretation is that fluid parcels forced near the equator to overturn by di abatic and frictional processes tend to move much more easily in the horizontal direction because th e resistance to horizontal motion (i.e. inertial stability) is so much less than the resistance to ve rtical motion (i.e., static stability).
QbD-Driven Development and Validation of a Bioanalytical LC–MS Method for Quantification of Paliperidone in Human Plasma

This paper discusses how a Quality by Design (QbD) strategy was used to develop and test an HPLC-MS bioanalytical method for detecting plasma Paliperidone concentration. A C18 column and an isocratic mobile phase of organic solvents and water were improved for chromatographic separation. To optimise method performance, Box-Behnken design was used to study column temperature, mobile phase composition, and flow rate. The research used a logical QbD methodology to build an optimised HPLC-MS technology that meets US-FDA standards. Validation studies evaluated selectivity, sensitivity, carryover effects, matrix factor determination, linearity, accuracy and precision testing, recovery, dilution veracity, ruggedness, stability, and reinjection reproducibility, with supporting documentation. The validation studies showed the method's suitability and met acceptance requirements. The QbD framework was successfully used to build and validate an HPLC-MS bioanalytical technique for Paliperidone measurement in human plasma. This method improves chromatographic performance and Paliperidone quantification in clinical and pharmacokinetic studies.
Muscle-related parameters-based machine learning model for predicting postinduction hypotension in patients undergoing colorectal tumor resection surgery

Objectives This study used machine learning algorithms to identify important variables and predict postinduction hypotension (PIH) in patients undergoing colorectal tumor resection surgery. Methods Data from 318 patients who underwent colorectal tumor resection under general anesthesia were analyzed. The training and test sets are divided based on the timeline. The Boruta algorithm was used to screen relevant basic characteristic variables and establish a model for the training set. Four models, regression tree, K-nearest neighbor, neural network, and random forest (RF), were built using repeated cross-validation and hyperparameter optimization. The best model was selected, and a sorting chart of the feature variables, a univariate partial dependency profile, and a breakdown profile were drawn. R2, mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), and root MSE (RMSE) were used to plot regression fitting curves for the training and test sets. Results The basic feature variables associated with the Boruta screening were age, sex, body mass index, L3 skeletal muscle index, and HUAC. In the optimal RF model, R2 was 0.7708 and 0.7591, MAE was 0.0483 and 0.0408, MSE was 0.0038 and 0.0028, and RMSE was 0.0623 and 0.0534 for the training and test sets, respectively. Conclusion A high-performance algorithm was established and validated to demonstrate the degree of change in blood pressure after induction to control important characteristic variables and reduce PIH occurrence.
E-Learning Adoption: Designing a Network-Based Educational and Methodological Course on "Humans and Their Health"

This study aims to explore the factors influencing the adoption of e-learning platforms in biology education and examine the impact of online learning on students’ performance. This study investigates the relationships between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude toward e-learning, flexibility, content quality, and students’ behavioral intention to adopt e-learning activities. A mixed-methods approach was employed consisting of two phases: a questionnaire survey with structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze data and an experiment with an independent sample t-test to assess the impact of online learning on student performance. Findings disclosed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude toward e-learning, flexibility, and content quality positively impacted students’ behavioral intention to adopt e-learning and their performance. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of the factors influencing e-learning adoption in biology education. Practical recommendations are provided for educators, instructional designers, and policymakers to facilitate the implementation of e-learning platforms in biology education. These recommendations include promoting the perceived usefulness and ease of use of e-learning platforms, fostering a positive attitude toward e-learning, enhancing flexibility, ensuring high-quality content, providing training and support for educators, and considering the needs of students with disabilities. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-06-014 Full Text: PDF
A Ranking for the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympic Games Based on a Hyerarchcical Copeland Method

In this work we are interested in studying the results of the Winter Olympic Games, held in Vancouver in 2010, in order to propose a new ranking to the countries that took part in the Games. Traditionally, as discussed in Soares de Mello et al (2009), the International Olympic Committee (IOC) shows the results of both Summer and Winter Olympic Games in a table that rank the nations by the number of gold medals won. This is a Lexicographic method. Although this is not an official ranking, to the media and people in general, this is a summary of the participation of the nations, i.e., their production in the games.
Cloud type classification using deep learning with cloud images

Clouds play a pivotal role in determining the weather, impacting the daily lives of everyone. The cloud type can offer insights into whether the weather will be sunny or rainy and even serve as a warning for severe and stormy conditions. Classified into ten distinct classes, clouds provide valuable information about both typical and exceptional weather patterns, whether they are short or long-term in nature. This study aims to anticipate cloud formations and classify them based on their shapes and colors, allowing for preemptive measures against potentially hazardous situations. To address this challenge, a solution is proposed using image processing and deep learning technologies to classify cloud images. Several models, including MobileNet V2, Inception V3, EfficientNetV2L, VGG-16, Xception, ConvNeXtSmall, and ResNet-152 V2, were employed for the classification computations. Among them, Xception yielded the best outcome with an impressive accuracy of 97.66%. By integrating artificial intelligence technologies that can accurately detect and classify cloud types into weather forecasting systems, significant improvements in forecast accuracy can be achieved. This research presents an innovative approach to studying clouds, harnessing the power of image processing and deep learning. The ability to classify clouds based on their visual characteristics opens new avenues for enhanced weather prediction and preparedness, ultimately contributing to the overall accuracy and reliability of weather forecasts.
Crop yield response to water

ing from the scientific understanding and technological advances achieved over the last few decades, and relying on a network of several scientific institutions, FAO has packaged a set of tools in this Irrigation and Drainage Paper to better assess and enhance crop yield response to water. These tools provide the means to sharpen assessment and management capacities required to: sustainably intensify crop production; close the yieldgap in many regions of the world; quantify the impact of climate variability and change on cropping systems; more efficiently use natural resources; and minimize the negative impact on the environment caused by agriculture. These tools are invaluable to various agricultural practitioners including, but not limited to: water managers and planners; extension services; consulting engineers; governmental agencies; non-governmental organizations and farmers' associations; agricultural economists and research scientists. Representing FAO’s state-of-the-art work in water and crop productivity, it is our hope that this publication provides easy access to, and better understanding of, the complex relationships between water and food production and, in this way, help improve the management of our precious water resources. Preface Parviz Koohafkan Director Land and Water Division Alexander Müller Assistant Director-General Natural Resources and Environment
Pre- and postsaddle fission dynamics using lead on proton reactions in complete kinematic measurements

Fission is a clear example of the evolution from a metastable to a quasi-equilibrium regime. The dynamics of this process can be described in terms of the potential-energy surface, friction, diffusion and inertia. The investigation of different experimental observables has shown evidences that the nuclear friction parameter or viscosity of the medium changes with the deformation, but also with the nuclear temperature. However, these ideas are still under debate because these conclusions could be biased by the experimental conditions. Therefore, we propose to investigate these effects with complete kinematic measurements of the fission products at high excitation energy, low angular momentum and small compound nucleus deformation, where dissipative effects should manifest in a clear way. In this work, we will report recent results obtained at GSI (Darmstadt) for the reactions 208Pb(370A, 500A, and 650A MeV) + p and 208Pb(500A MeV) + 27Al. These reactions fulfill the optimum conditions for the investigation of dissipative effects in fission. Moreover, the use of the SOFIA (Studies On FIssion with Aladin) setup together with the inverse kinematics technique allowed us to construct new observables that provide information on the fissioning compound nucleus, and its saddle and scission configurations. In particular, the unambiguous identification in mass and atomic number of both fission fragments, obtained for the first time in this experiment, was a key achievement. Total and partial fission cross sections, light-charged particle multiplicities and charge distributions of the fission fragments are used to characterize the fission dynamics at small deformation. We also present the results concerning to the neutron excess and isotopic widths of the fission fragments, their kinematic properties and the average pre- and postscission neutron multiplicities, which should help us to investigate the postsaddle dynamics.
Seasonality in Primates: Human hunting seasonality

Human hunting strategies, like those of many non-human primates, vary seasonally with fluctuations in prey abundance, encounter rates, and profitability (Winterhalder 1981; Smith 1991). Temporality in resource supply has profound social effects as well, and some of the earliest studies of hunter–gatherers emphasized the impact of seasonality on settlement size, mobility, general economic organization, and even property rights, religion, family structure, and the sexual division of labor (Mauss & Beuchat 1906; Thomson 1936). For Mauss and Beuchat (1906), seasonality meant temperature: they suggested that Inuit families were organized very differently in the summer than in the winter as a result of the nature of changes in foraging opportunities. For Thomson (1936), seasonality meant rainfall, commenting that the effect of distinct wet and dry seasons in northern Australia might lead one to think that they were observing two different ‘‘tribes’’ of people. Anthropological interest in seasonality and its effects on human social organization has waned since then, frustrated by an inability to find correlations between seasonality and human behavior. Our goal in this chapter is to explore the utility of two approaches to understanding the relationship between seasonality and social behavior. One attempts to use comparative ecological data across groups to explain differences in aspects of social and economic behavior such as mobility and land tenure decisions; the other examines how different individuals within a group may respond differently to resource seasonality. Toward this end, we focus on a single case study: explaining why we see seasonal sex differences in hunting game among Western Desert Australian aborigines.
Validity of Routine Health Data To Identify Safety Outcomes of Interest For Covid-19 Vaccines and Therapeutics in the Context of the Emerging Pandemic: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Introduction Regulatory guidance encourages transparent reporting of information on the quality and validity of electronic health record data being used to generate real-world benefit-risk evidence for vaccines and therapeutics. We aimed to provide an overview of the availability of validated diagnostic algorithms for selected safety endpoints for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and therapeutics in the context of the emerging pandemic prior to December 2020. Methods We reviewed the literature up to December 2020 to identify validation studies for various safety events of interest, including myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, myocarditis, acute cardiac injury, vasculitis/vasculopathy, venous thromboembolism, stroke, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), pneumonitis, cytokine release syndrome (CRS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and renal failure. We included studies published between 2015 and 2020 that were considered high quality assessed with QUADAS and that reported positive predictive values (PPVs). Results Out of 43 identified studies, we found that diagnostic algorithms for cardiovascular outcomes were supported by the highest number of validation studies (n=17). Accurate algorithms are available for myocardial infarction (median PPV 80%; IQR 22%), arrhythmia (PPV range >70%), venous thromboembolism (median PPV: 73%) and ischaemic stroke (PPV range ≥85%). We found a lack of validation studies for less common respiratory and cardiac safety outcomes of interest (eg, pneumonitis and myocarditis), as well as for COVID-specific complications (CRS, RDS). Conclusion There is a need for better understanding of barriers to conducting validation studies, including data governance restrictions. Regulatory guidance should promote embedding validation within real-world EHR research used for decision-making.
Multi-Epoch Optical Spectroscopy Variability of the Changing-Look AGN Mrk 883

In this work, we present multi-epoch optical spectra of the Seyfert 1.9 galaxy Mrk 883. Data were obtained with the Gran Telescopio Canarias and the MEGARA Integral Field Unit mode, archival data from the SDSS-IV MaNGA Survey and the SDSS-I Legacy Survey, and new spectroscopic observations obtained at San Pedro Mártir Observatory. We report the appearance of the broad component of Hβ emission line, showing a maximum FWHM ∼ 5927 ± 481 km s−1 in the MaNGA spectra, finding evidence for a change from Seyfert 1.9 (23 June 2003) to Seyfert 1.8 (18 May 2018). The observed changing-look variation from Sy1.9 to Sy1.8 has a timescale Δt ∼15 y. In addition, we observe profile and flux broad emission line variability from 2018 to 2023, and a wind component in [OIII]5007 Å, with a maximum FWHM = 1758 ± 178 km s−1, detected on 15 April 2023. In all epochs, variability of the broad lines was found to be disconnected from the optical continuum emission, which shows little or no variations. These results suggest that an ionized-driven wind in the polar direction could be a possible scenario to explain the observed changing-look variations.