Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of the Size of BN NSs on Silkworm Development and Tissue Microstructure

Boron nitride nanosheets (BN NSs) have emerged as promising materials in a wide range of biomedical applications. Despite the extensive studies on these bio-nano interfacial systems, one critical concern is their toxicity, which is affected by a variety of factors, including size. This study aimed at assessing the relationship between BN NSs size and toxicity. Two silkworm strains (qiufeng × baiyu and Nistari 7019) were used as model organisms to investigate the effect of different sizes of BN NSs (BN NSs-1, thickness of 41.5 nm and diameter of 270.7 nm; BN NSs-2, thickness of 48.2 nm and diameter of 562.2 nm) on silkworm mortality, growth, cocoon weight, and tissue microstructure. The findings show that exposure to BN NSs in this work has no lethal adverse effects on silkworm growth or tissue microstructure. BN NSs have a higher effect on the growth rate of qiufeng × baiyu compared to Nistari 7019, demonstrating that the same treatment does not favorably affect the Nistari 7019 strain, as there is no significant increase in cocoon weight. Overall, the study suggests that the sizes of BN NSs employed in this study are relatively safe and have less negative impact on silkworms. This offers significant insights into the effect of BN NSs size, a crucial factor to consider for their safe use in biomedical applications.
Design of graphene-like nanowall arrays and their optical absorption properties

Abstract. Bulk-layered materials were constructed into nanowall arrays, and their optical absorption properties were investigated by the finite-difference time-domain technique. The results showed that the nanowall array exhibits excellent absorption properties in both ultraviolet and visible bands. For WS2, MoS2, WSe2, MoSe2, and MoTe2, when the excitation wavelength increases to a certain value, the absorption begins to obviously decrease, and the corresponding excitation wavelength shows a redshift trend. However, the absorptivity of graphene nanowall arrays remains above 0.9 in the 350- to 1200-nm band. In addition, with similar structural parameters, the absorption properties of nanowall arrays are better than those of nanorod arrays. The change in the structural parameter and morphology can lead to an increase in the pore number, specific surface area, and multistage reflection and achieve optical absorption enhancement. Graphene nanowall arrays show excellent absorption properties by our experimental measurement.
A remote sensing work-flow recommendation algorithm based on logical structure

With the development of remote sensing products towards the direction of civilianization and popularization, work-flow customization plays an important role in the production of remote sensing products. The traditional customized work-flow model has large time cost, complex operation and high requirements for professional knowledge. The work-flow recommendation system can improve the construction efficiency of remote sensing work-flow to some extent and assist users to design high-quality remote sensing work-flow models. However, most of the existing remote sensing work-flow modeling methods ignore the logical structure characteristics of the work-flow, leading to large errors in the calculation results of similarity. Difficult to make work-flow recommendations effectively. Therefore, this paper proposes a customized recommendation algorithm for remote sensing work-flow based on logical structure. By focusing on logical structure, the reliability of similarity calculation between work-flow is improved, so as to find similar work-flow to help users recommend the next modeling node. Firstly, the work-flow model needs to be preprocessed: the user converts the constructed work-flow model into a process structure tree by using Petri net workflow, and uses the path table generation algorithm based on logical structure to convert the model information into data information and store it in the database for subsequent data processing; Then the flow data in the flow tree set was converted into a path table according to certain rules, and then the longest common subsequence similarity of each data in the path table was calculated to obtain the similarity calculation results based on the logical structure characteristics, the most similar work-flow in the work-flow library is found and the recommendation is made for the user. The method proposed in this paper is evaluated experimentally on the real data set, in terms of recall, precision and F1-score, which shows that the method proposed in this paper can effectively improve the recommendation efficiency and meet the actual needs of users.
Hydrodynamics, stability and scale-up of slot-rectangular spouted beds

Slot-rectangular spouted beds, with rectangular cross-section and slotted gas inlets, have been proposed as a solution to overcoming scale-up difficulties with conventional axisymmetric spouted beds. They can be utilized in gas/particle processes such as drying of coarse particles and coating of tablets. However, application of this spouted bed was limited because of instability and insufficient hydrodynamic studies. The present work is therefore aimed at the study of hydrodynamics, stability and scale-up of slot-rectangular spouted beds. The hydrodynamic study was carried out in four slot-rectangular columns of various width-to-thickness ratios combined with various slot configurations, particles of different properties and a range of operating conditions. Hydrodynamics of slot-rectangular spouted beds showed major similarity with conventional spouted beds. However, equations and mechanistic models adopted from conventional axisymmetric spouted beds generally failed to provide good predictions for the three-dimensional slot-rectangular geometry. New empirical correlations were derived for the minimum spouting velocity and maximum pressure drop for different slot configurations. Slot-rectangular spouted beds also showed more flow regimes than conventional spouted beds. Nine flow regimes, as well as unstable conditions, were identified based on frequency and statistical analysis of pressure fluctuations. Slot geometrical configuration was found to be the main factor affecting the stability of slot-rectangular spouted beds. A comprehensive hydrodynamic study on the effect of slot configuration was therefore carried out. Slots of smaller length-to-width ratio, smaller length and greater depth were found to provide greater stability. Stable criteria for the
N-Doped Graphene and Polymer Sequent Nanocomposite—Nitty-Gritties and Scoping Insights

ABSTRACT Graphene is an important type of nanocarbon having two-dimensional sp2 hybridized nanostructure. Nitrogen doping has been applied as an effective method to modify the properties and potential applications of graphene. In N-doped graphene, nitrogen doping results in insertion of pyridinic N, pyrrolic N, and graphitic N in graphene nanostructure. Similar to graphene, N-doped graphene has been reinforced in polymeric matrices to form the nanocomposite. In this regard, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene derivative, poly(vinyl fluoride), and other polymers have been used. Notable applications of high performance polymer/N-doped graphene nanocomposites have been observed in sensors, light emitting diodes, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
What emotions do male prisoners experience in the lead-up to suicide and violence? A participatory visual method study

ABSTRACT Rates of suicide and violence are higher amongst male prisoners than the general population. This study aimed to explore the emotional experiences of male prisoners in the distal and immediate lead-up to acts of suicide and violence. Nine male prisoners created drawings of their emotions in the lead-up to an act of suicide and/or violence. Accompanying verbal interview data was collected to explore the narrative of these drawings. Polytextual thematic analysis was conducted on both the visual and audio data. Three themes were found. ‘The outside picture’ depicted the emotions that male prisoners exhibited externally. ‘The inside picture’ illustrated the internal emotions felt by male prisoners which were often complex and abstract. ‘The complexity of the picture’ denotes the complicated relationship between emotions and suicide/violence. Male prisoners experience a range of emotions in the lead up to acts of suicide and violence, with a similar set of emotions being experienced immediately prior to both suicide and violence. This study has illustrated the benefits of using a novel and creative methodology, and has demonstrated that future research with male prisoners could benefit from adopting a participatory visual methodology.
Exploring the Bacterial Community in Aged Fecal Sources from Dairy Cows: Impacts on Fecal Source Tracking

(1) Background: This paper discusses the impact of agricultural activities on stream health, particularly in relation to dairy cow fecal pollution. The study explores the fecal microbiome of cattle and the potential ecological implications of aging fecal pollution on waterways. (2) Methods: The study examines changes in the bacterial community available for mobilization from in-situ decomposing cowpats and the effects of simulated rainfall. The microbiome of individual cowpats was monitored over 5.5 months. We used 16S rRNA metagenomics and machine learning software, FEAST (Fast Expectation-mAximization for microbial Source Tracking), for bacterial and fecal source assignments. (3) Results: The phyla Bacillota and Bacteroidota are dominant in the fecal microbiota of fresh cow feces but shift to Pseudomonodota, Actinomycetota, and environmental Bacteroidota in aged cowpats. Potential impacts of these bacterial community shifts on inputs to local agricultural streams are discussed in relation to water quality monitoring and aging sources of fecal contamination. We identified taxon orders that are potential indicators of fresh cattle sources (Oscillospirales and Bacteroidales) and aged sources (Peptostreptococcales-Tissierellales) in water bodies. (4) The paper highlights that bacterial metagenomic profiling can inform our understanding of the ecology of microbial communities in aquatic environments and the potential impacts of agricultural activities on ecosystem health.
Survival Probability of Hollow Cylindrical Mesh Tether Under Space-Debris Impact

The use of a hollow cylindrical mesh for an electrodynamic tether to improve its survivability in space is proposed. The proposed tether is expected to be used in space missions to remove uncontrollable satellites in orbit. Although the mass of the hollow cylindrical tether is the same as that of a conventional solid and cylindrical (i.e., round) tether, it has a larger diameter, which improves its survivability. To investigate the damage to the proposed hollow cylindrical mesh tether by debris impact, hypervelocity-impact experiments were performed by using a two-stage light-gas gun. A high-speed camera was used to photograph the debris cloud generated by the impact of debris on the mesh tether, and the damaged area of the mesh tether after impact was compared with the expansion size of the debris cloud. Numerical simulations were conducted by using the smoothed-particle hydrodynamics method to interpolate the experimental data. The experimental and simulation results confirmed the potentially increased .
Exploring the drivers of tropospheric hydroxyl radical trends in the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory AM4.1 atmospheric chemistry–climate model

Abstract. We explore the sensitivity of modeled tropospheric hydroxyl (OH) concentration trends to meteorology and near-term climate forcers (NTCFs), namely methane (CH4) nitrogen oxides (NOx=NO2+NO) carbon monoxide (CO), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) and ozone-depleting substances (ODSs), using the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL)'s atmospheric chemistry–climate model, the Atmospheric Model version 4.1 (AM4.1), driven by emissions inventories developed for the Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and forced by observed sea surface temperatures and sea ice prepared in support of the CMIP6 Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) simulations. We find that the modeled tropospheric air-mass-weighted mean [OH] has increased by ∼5 % globally from 1980 to 2014. We find that NOx emissions and CH4 concentrations dominate the modeled global trend, while CO emissions and meteorology were also important in driving regional trends. Modeled tropospheric NO2 column trends are largely consistent with those retrieved from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite, but simulated CO column trends generally overestimate those retrieved from the Measurements of Pollution in The Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite, possibly reflecting biases in input anthropogenic emission inventories, especially over China and South Asia.
Organotypic 3D Co-Culture of Human Pleura as a Novel In Vitro Model of Staphylococcus aureus Infection and Biofilm Development

Bacterial pleural infections are associated with high mortality. Treatment is complicated due to biofilm formation. A common causative pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Since it is distinctly human-specific, rodent models do not provide adequate conditions for research. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of S. aureus infection on human pleural mesothelial cells using a recently established 3D organotypic co-culture model of pleura derived from human specimens. After infection of our model with S. aureus, samples were harvested at defined time points. Histological analysis and immunostaining for tight junction proteins (c-Jun, VE-cadherin, and ZO-1) were performed, demonstrating changes comparable to in vivo empyema. The measurement of secreted cytokine levels (TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-1β) proved host–pathogen interactions in our model. Similarly, mesothelial cells produced VEGF on in vivo levels. These findings were contrasted by vital, unimpaired cells in a sterile control model. We were able to establish a 3D organotypic in vitro co-culture model of human pleura infected with S. aureus resulting in the formation of biofilm, including host–pathogen interactions. This novel model could be a useful microenvironment tool for in vitro studies on biofilm in pleural empyema.
Instability of the finite‐difference split‐step method applied to the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. III. external potential and oscillating pulse solutions

This is the final part of a series of articles where we have studied numerical instability (NI) of localized solutions of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation (gNLS). It extends our earlier studies of this topic in two ways. First, it examines differences in the development of the NI between the case of the purely cubic NLS and the case where the gNLS has an external bounded potential. Second, it investigates how the NI is affected by the oscillatory dynamics of the simulated pulse. The latter situation is common when the initial condition is not an exact stationary soliton. We have found that in this case, the NI may remain weak when the time step exceeds the threshold quite significantly. This means that the corresponding numerical solution, while formally numerically unstable, can remain sufficiently accurate over long times, because the numerical noise will stay small. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 33: 633–650, 2017
Impact Of Structural Shifts on Variance Persistence in Asymmetric Garch Models: Evidence From Emerging Asian and European Markets

In this study we examined the effect of structural break points in conditional volatility on variance persistency of asymmetric GARCH models. We used Bai and Perron methodology to detect structural break points in conditional variance of daily stock returns of 7 emerging markets (4-European and 3-Asian) from 1997 to 2014. We implied Exponential GARCH or EGARCH and Threshold GARCH or T-GARCH models with and without sudden structural breaks and tried to evaluate persistency in variance and leverage effect while estimating conditional volatility. We concluded that persistence in variance reduces while considering regime shifts in conditional volatility of these models. The half-lives of shock to volatility significantly decline when we consider these sudden break points. Moreover by comparing these two models we concluded that T-GARCH model reduces persistency more gladly than EGARCH model when we account these sudden changes.
Analysis and Design of LCCL Resonant Converter Based on Time-Domain Model for Bidirectional Onboard Charger Applications

A novel bidirectional LCCL resonant dc–dc converter is proposed in this article. By substituting the magnetizing inductance of CLLC with a parallel resonant capacitor, the LCCL resonant converter obtains enhanced voltage gain regulation capability compared to CLLC while maintaining zero-voltage switching (ZVS) for the inverting side and zero-current switching for the rectifier side during bidirectional power flow. The state of the isolated bidirectional dc–dc converters is thoroughly reviewed in this article. The operating principle and gain characteristic of LCCL under bidirectional power flow are explored in detail adopting time-domain model, which effectively overcomes the drawback of the lower accuracy of the first harmonic approximation in wide voltage range applications and guarantees the achievement of ZVS in time-domain accuracy. A parameters optimization method of LCCL is provided to address the wide voltage range of battery applications, which is capable of achieving the required bidirectional voltage gain and ZVS operation over the designed frequency range under the desired load conditions while minimizing reactive power. Finally, a laboratory prototype rated at 1 kW is developed to convert between 400 and 250–450 V bidirectional. The experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed LCCL topology and the validity of the corresponding parameters optimization method.
Co-Creating a Feasible, Acceptable and Safe Home-Based High-Intensity Interval Training Programme for People with Parkinson’s: The HIIT-Home4Parkinson’s Study

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is useful and feasible for some people with Parkinson’s (PwP), although long-term adherence may be problematic. If practical, undertaking HIIT in the home setting could be a way to encourage continued participation. However, no home-based HIIT programme has been developed for this population. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to co-create a feasible, accessible, and safe home-based HIIT programme for PwP, including intervention components and logic model. This supports the longer term aim to assess the practicality and utility of home-based HIIT for PwP. The study included three stages. Firstly, an initial HIIT programme and logic model proposal was developed based on existing evidence. This was refined through an iterative, co-creative process of focus groups, exercise testing and interviews involving end-users and relevant stakeholders. Finally, a draft intervention was produced with further co-creator input. During the iterative process, five focus groups, 10 exercise testing sessions and 10 post exercise interviews were undertaken, involving academic researchers, 6 PwP, one family member and two clinicians. These co-creators developed HIIT-Home4Parkinson’s (HH4P), a 12-week thrice weekly home-based HIIT programme for PwP based on adaptability, individualisation, and remote support. Despite methodological limitations within the development process, the co-created HH4P programme could be feasible, safe, and useful for PwP. A feasibility study should now be undertaken to address remaining uncertainties prior to a full trial.
Peculiarities of thermomodernization of the heating system of military infrastructure complexes

Purpose. To develop a solution for modernization of heat supply systems (HSS) of infrastructure complexes including, in particular, in military towns (MT), the problem of both efficient and effective heating of which is especially important at present. To develop a mathematical model for finding an effective solution to the problem of modernizing heating and detecting leaks of the heat-conductor. Methodology. Special and general methods are used: mathematical formalization – to build mathematical model of the problem of heat supply of MT and detection of heat-conductor leaks; induction and deduction – for choosing and substantiating the expediency of using equipment for HSS of MT; analysis and synthesis – for the development of a schematic solution HSS of MT. Findings. Decision options regarding the choice of heat-generating equipment for the modernization of HSS of MT are substantiated. A combined system using boilers and solar collectors is proposed. For the combined system, a schematic solution for integrating equipment into a single autonomous HSS of MT and an economical option for automatic system control are developed. For boilers of the combined system, it is suggested to use cheap and affordable fuel – pellets. A mathematical model has been developed for finding an effective system solution for HSS of MT and detecting heat-conductor leaks. Originality. Special requirements for HSS of MT were formulated: autonomy; high level of reliability, survivability; flexibility in ensuring the volume of heat supply during the day, week, season; minimizing the cost of equipment and fuel for it; the possibility of inexpensive repair and renewal. Variants of modernization of HSS in MT have been analyzed and a schematic solution of an integrated HSS of MT with combined use of generating equipment has been developed. Practical value. The developed mathematical model and schematic solution of HSS in MT as well as proposed options for using equipment and fuel for it allow ensuring the proper level of fulfillment of special requirements for HSS in MT.
Annotation Guidelines for NomBank ñ Noun Argument Structure for PropBank 2007

In the PropBank project [11, 10, 29], a research group at the University of Pennsylvania annotated the verbal argument structure for the Wall Street Journal Corpus of the Penn Treebank (PTB). This document outlines a new effort, called NomBank, undertaken at New York University. In this project, we annotate nominal argument structure on the same corpus, using the same formalism. Our goal is to annotate each “markable” NP, marking the head, its arguments and “allowed” adjuncts in the style of PropBank. Some sample annotation is given as figure 1. To get a general sense of the annotation, note that for most obvious nominalizations (knowledge, solicitation, director), the subjects of the corresponding verbs are (usually) ARG0 and the objects are (usually) ARG1.1 This generalization also holds even if one takes a fanatically broad view of the definition of nominalization and assume that picture, assembly and type are nominalizations. Under this interpretation, we would take the transitive verb of assemble as a model for assembly (John assembled the shareholders in a room), the verbs photograph or draw as the basis of the entry for picture in Mary’s picture of John and a verb like categorize as the basis for the lexical entry for type in a type of cheese even though type lacks the ARG0 argument – the one doing the classification. In other words, we attempt to find previously marked predicates that take similar arguments as these nouns, regardless of whether or not there is a morphological connection between the model verb and the noun under analysis. The motivation is that we would like the whole system (PropBank, NomBank, EtcBank)2 to be as consistent