Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Software configuration management for software product line paradigm: A systematic mapping study

The exponential development of software and the need to reduce time and cost in the construction of software products, have made the reuse of components a common practice. In this context, emerged the idea of applying Software Product Line Engineering, which is a set of systems sharing a manageable group of characteristics in order to satisfy a specific segment of the market. In this sense, the present work, made a study of the literature related to Systematic Mapping in order to search, analyze, and select articles related to Software Configuration Management for Product Line. The results showed the scarce existence of articles. Specifically, 136 articles from 1996 to 2016 were analyzed and only 7 were selected because they identified the proposed approach about the variability and evolution of products in the Software Product Line. Furthermore, it was evidenced that these investigations were not consolidated, were isolated, and seemed not to promote a whole solution to the management of software products in the Software Product Line, making this a novel topic which requires proposals of solution.
THEFT ON CAMPUS: AN ANALYSIS OF LARCENY-THEFT AT AN URBAN UNIVERSITY

ABSTRACT Larceny- theft is the most frequently reported index crime in the United States, in virtually all 50 states and on most college campuses. Larceny-theft, (herein after referred to simply as theft) is the unlawful taking of property in which no use of violence, force or fraud occurs. It thus differs from embezzlement, “con games”, forgery or similar crimes. In 1993, 7.8 million of the 14.1 million index crimes reported in the Uniform Crime Report were thefts (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1994). Review of state by state data reveals that theft is also the most prevalent index crime in each of the 50 states (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1994:68-78). More germane to the focus of this paper is that theft is also the most frequently reported crime at all but eight of the 431 college and universities which reported crime data for inclusion in the Uniform Crime Reports in 1993, (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1994:158-167). This pattern of the prevalence of theft among index crime statistics has.
Enhanced Harmonic Content and Vocal Note Based Predominant Melody Extraction from Vocal Polyphonic Music Signals

A method based on the production mechanism of the vocals in the composite vocal polyphonic music signal is proposed for vocal melody extraction. In the proposed method, initially the non-pitched percussive source is suppressed by observing its wideband spectral characteristics to emphasise the harmonic content in the mixture signal. Further, the harmonic enhanced signal is segmented into vocal and non-vocal regions by thresholding the salience energy contour. The vocal regions are further divided into vocal note like regions by their spectral transition cues in the frequency domain. The melody contour in each vocal note is extracted by detecting the locations of instant of significant excitation by passing it through adaptive zero frequency filtering (ZFF) in the time domain. The experimental results showed that the proposed method is indeed comparable to the state-of-the-art saliency based melody extraction method.
Rapid detection of the CYP2D6*3, CYP2D6*4, and CYP2D6*6 alleles by tetra-primer PCR and of the CYP2D6*5 allele by multiplex long PCR.

BACKGROUND Interindividual differences in CYP2D6 activity range from total absence of metabolism of certain drugs to ultrafast metabolism and can produce adverse effects or lack of therapeutic effect under standard therapy. Several mutations have been described in the CYP2D6 gene that abolish CYP2D6 activity. However, four mutations explain the majority of the poor metabolizers. We describe four single-tube assays to detect these mutations. METHODS Three tetra-primer PCR assays were developed to detect the mutations in the CYP2D6*3, *4, and *6 alleles. In these single-tube assays, the CYP2D6 locus is amplified directly, followed by the allele-specific amplification on this new template. In addition, a multiplex long PCR was developed to genotype the CYP2D6*5 allele. Two long PCR amplifications for detection of the deletion of CYP2D6 (*5) and for detection of the CYP2D6 gene region were combined in one tube. RESULTS Analysis of 114 alleles showed no CYP2D6*3 allele, and allele frequencies of 28.1% for CYP2D6*4, 2.6% for CYP2D6*5, and 0. 9% for CYP2D6*6. Re-analysis of the DNA samples by restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing analysis confirmed these results. Furthermore, re-analysis of sequenced genomic DNA by tetra-primer PCR analysis (7-11 times) always showed identical results. CONCLUSIONS Our set of single-tube assays allows rapid and reproducible genotyping of the majority of CYP2D6 poor metabolizers.
Software-defined reconfigurable antenna using slotted substrate integrated waveguide for Ka-band satellite-on-the-move communication

A software-defined pattern reconfigurable Ka-band antenna for high-speed satellite-on-the-move (SOTM) application is presented. The proposed antenna employs the concept of travelling-wave slotted integrated waveguide to achieve a high-directivity radiation beam as needed for satellite communications. The substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is employed as the antenna's main structure to lower the antenna's cost and weight. To realize the radiation-pattern configurability at a certain frequency, hundreds of computer-controlled PIN diodes are installed on the top slotted layer of the SIW structure to control the effective distance between the slots. The design parameters of the antenna are calculated using the leaky-wave space harmonic theory and further verified by full-wave simulations. As a proof of concept, a linear array with total length of 20 cm×1 cm is designed and simulated. Up to ±20° steering range of the main beam can be achieved with 15 dBi gain. In a planar structure of dimensions 20 cm×20 cm, the gain is increased to 22 dBi gain at 20 GHz.
GC/MS Analysis of Anandamide and Quantification of N‐Arachidonoylphosphatidylethanolamides in Various Brain Regions, Spinal Cord, Testis, and Spleen of the Rat

Abstract: Anandamide [N‐arachidonoylethanolamide (NAE)] was initially isolated from porcine brain and proposed as an endogenous ligand for cannabinoid receptors in 1992. Accumulating evidence has now suggested that, in the tissue, NAE is generated from N‐arachidonoylphosphatidylethanolamides (N‐ArPEs) by phosphodiesterase. In this study a sensitive and specific procedure was developed to quantify NAE and N‐ArPE, including organic solvent extraction, reversephase C‐18 cartridge separation, derivatization, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. NAE is converted by a two‐step derivatization procedure to a pentafluorobenzoyl ester followed by pentafluoropropionyl acylation. Quantification was performed by isotope dilution GC/MS using deuterium‐labeled NAE (NAE‐2H8) as an internal standard. The same chemical derivatization was applicable to N‐ArPE quantification. The separated N‐ArPE fractions were converted by a two‐step cleavage/derivatization procedure into the pentafluorobenzoyl ester of NAE and then to its pentafluoropropionyl amide. The derivative was quantified by GC/MS using deuterium‐labeled 1,2‐[2Ha]dioleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phospho(arachidonoyl) ethanolamide as an internal standard. Using these methods, we have found that endogenous NAE levels in rat brain, spleen, testis, liver, lung, and heart were below the level of quantification achievable (0.1 pmol/mg of protein) but that N‐ArPE is readily quantifiable and is widely distributed in the rat CNS with the highest level in the spinal cord. The striatum, hippocampus, and accumbens contain intermediate concentrations of N‐ArPE, whereas the value is lowest in the cerebellum.
Les capital-risqueurs comme « transiteurs » de l'innovation dans la Silicon Valley

L’innovation radicale resulte de la transition reussie de connaissances creees par des activites d’exploration vers des activites d’exploitation (March, 1991). Cet article analyse la coordination interorganisationnelle des acteurs de l’innovation radicale. La creation d’entreprise est analysee comme une phase de transition de l’innovation radicale entre les phases d’exploration et d’exploitation. Le cluster de hautes technologies de la Silicon Valley est apprehende comme un lieu de coordination interorganisationnelle d’acteurs geographiquement localises dans la meme region. Dans la phase de transition, l’entrepreneur est aide par des « transiteurs » de l’innovation dont le role est tenu par les societes de capital-risque. L’emergence d’industries ecologiques dans la Silicon Valley permet d’analyser les facteurs de reussite de la coordination interorganisationnelle de l’innovation radicale et du role de « transiteurs » des societes de capital-risque.
Developmental regulation of nicotinic ACh receptor subunit mRNAs in the rat central and peripheral nervous systems

In the present study we have investigated the anatomical distribution pattern of nAChR alpha 3, alpha 4, beta 2, and beta 4 subunit mRNAs during prenatal and perinatal development of the rat CNS and PNS. Three main developmental patterns have been recognized. (1) In the majority of cases studied (caudal brain, spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia, trigeminal and geniculate ganglia) all four subunit mRNAs are initially (E11–13) detected but, during subsequent prenatal development, the level of some of these subunit mRNAs (alpha 3 and beta 4 in the brain and spinal cord, alpha 4 and beta 4 in the dorsal root ganglia, alpha 4 in the visceral sensory ganglia, and alpha 3, alpha 4, and beta 4 in the somatic sensory ganglia) become undetectable. (2) In the case of the cerebral cortex a pair of subunit mRNAs (alpha 3-beta 2) is initially (E12–13) expressed followed by a repression of the alpha 3 subunit (E15) and the subsequent (E17–19) induction of the alpha 4 subunit. (3) Only some subunit mRNAs are initially (E13–15) expressed in the retina (alpha 3-alpha 4-beta 2-beta 4), parasympathetic or sympathetic motor ganglia (alpha 3-beta 2-beta 4), and vestibulo- cochlear ganglia (alpha 4-beta 2) and their level remains stable throughout prenatal and early postnatal development. Overall, in most central and peripheral structures the appearance of nAChR subunit mRNAs is precocious and temporally related to the timing of neuronal differentiation. In addition, in several structures the expression of certain subunits (alpha 3, alpha 4 or beta 4) is transient, although not beta 2. Finally, the comparison of the different regional distribution patterns suggests that a limited number of structure- specific receptor isoforms are functional during development of CNS and PNS.
Taking a Closer Look: Reasserting the Role of the Self-Concept in Dissonance Theory

In an early revision of Festinger's theory of cognitive dissonance, Aronson argued that dissonance was aroused when an important element of the self-concept was violated. More recently, Cooper and Fazio's "New Look" version of the theory maintains that dissonance is the result of feeling personally responsible for an aversive outcome. This article examines the claims of these two positions, ultimately arguing for the superiority of Aronson's formulation. The authors maintain that research findings in support of the New Look can also be explained by the self-concept formulation. In addition, they argue that the twin postulates of the New Look position-personal responsibility and aversive consequences-lack adequate conceptual grounding without reference to the self-concept. Finally, previous research is examined that is incompatible with the New Look, as well as new data suggesting that aversive consequences are not necessary for dissonance arousal.
Poor efficacy of antimalarial biguanide-dapsone combinations in the treatment of acute, uncomplicated, falciparum malaria in Thailand.

Combinations of dapsone with proguanil or chlorproguanil have proved effective in the treatment of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria in Africa and for prophylaxis in Asia. These combinations have not been used for treatment in areas with multi-drug-resistant parasites such as in Thailand. Combinations of dapsone (approximately 4 mg/kg) plus ether proguanil (approximately 8 mg/kg; DP regimen; N = 10) or chlorproguanil (approximately 1.4 mg/kg; DC regimen; N = 16) were given once a day for 3 days to adult Thai patients with acute, uncomplicated, falciparum malaria. The two regimens were well tolerated and had no side-effects, but the cure rates, assessed at 28-day follow-up, were only 10% for DP (60% with RI response and 30% with RII) and 14% for DC (29% with RI response and 57% with RII). The mean (S.D.) fever-clearance times in those patients who were cured (S) or whose infections recrudesced (RI response) were 103 (56) h for those given DP and 90 (42) h for 6 those given DC. The corresponding parasite-clearance times were 83 (46) for DP and 53 (21) h for DC. In-vitro susceptibility testing of isolates obtained both before treatment and at recrudescence demonstrated marked resistance to cycloguanil, dapsone, chloroquine and mefloquine. The results demonstrate that short-course treatment with dapsone plus either proguanil or chlorproguanil is ineffective for the treatment of falciparum malaria in Thailand.
Neurobehavioral Deficits and Increased Blood Pressure in School-Age Children Prenatally Exposed to Pesticides

Background The long-term neurotoxicity risks caused by prenatal exposures to pesticides are unclear, but a previous pilot study of Ecuadorian school children suggested that blood pressure and visuospatial processing may be vulnerable. Objectives In northern Ecuador, where floriculture is intensive and relies on female employment, we carried out an intensive cross-sectional study to assess children’s neurobehavioral functions at 6–8 years of age. Methods We examined all 87 children attending two grades in the local public school with an expanded battery of neurobehavioral tests. Information on pesticide exposure during the index pregnancy was obtained from maternal interview. The children’s current pesticide exposure was assessed from the urinary excretion of organophosphate metabolites and erythrocyte acetylcholine esterase activity. Results Of 84 eligible participants, 35 were exposed to pesticides during pregnancy via maternal occupational exposure, and 23 had indirect exposure from paternal work. Twenty-two children had detectable current exposure irrespective of their prenatal exposure status. Only children with prenatal exposure from maternal greenhouse work showed consistent deficits after covariate adjustment, which included stunting and socioeconomic variables. Exposure-related deficits were the strongest for motor speed (Finger Tapping Task), motor coordination (Santa Ana Form Board), visuospatial performance (Stanford-Binet Copying Test), and visual memory (Stanford-Binet Copying Recall Test). These associations corresponded to a developmental delay of 1.5–2 years. Prenatal pesticide exposure was also significantly associated with an average increase of 3.6 mmHg in systolic blood pressure and a slight decrease in body mass index of 1.1 kg/m2. Inclusion of the pilot data strengthened these results. Conclusions These findings support the notion that prenatal exposure to pesticides—at levels not producing adverse health outcomes in the mother—can cause lasting adverse effects on brain development in children. Pesticide exposure therefore may contribute to a “silent pandemic” of developmental neurotoxicity.
Fast-Lock Hybrid PLL Combining Fractional- $N$ and Integer-$N$  Modes of Differing Bandwidths

We introduce a single-loop PLL that operates in a narrower-bandwidth, integer-N mode during phase lock and in a wider-bandwidth, fractional-N mode during transient. This hybrid PLL, as a generalization of the conventional variable-bandwidth PLL that shifts only its bandwidth, simultaneously achieves the fast-locking advantage of the fractional-N PLL and design simplicity of the integer-N PLL, and as such, brings benefits in certain important PLL applications. In addition, the frequency division mode switching, unique in the hybrid PLL, enables a new, more digital protocol to execute bandwidth switching. A CMOS IC prototype attests to the validity of the proposed approach.
On Successive Refinement for the Kaspi/Heegard–Berger Problem

Consider a source that produces independent copies of a triplet of jointly distributed random variables {Xi,Yi,Zi }z =1∞. The process {Xi} is observed at the encoder, and is supposed to be reproduced at two decoders, decoder Y and decoder Z, where {Yi} and {Zi} are observed, respectively, in either a causal or noncausal manner. The communication between the encoder and the decoders is carried in two successive stages. In the first stage, the transmission is available to both decoders and they reconstruct the source according to the received bit-stream and the individual side information ( {Zi} or {Yi}). In the second stage, additional information is sent to both decoders and they refine the reconstructions of the source according to the available side information and the transmissions at both stages. It is desired to find the necessary and sufficient conditions on the communication rates between the encoder and decoders, so that the distortions incurred (at each stage) will not exceed given thresholds. For the case of causal availability of side information at the decoders, an exact single-letter characterization of the achievable region is derived for the case of pure source-coding. Then, for the case of communication between the encoder and decoders carried over independent memoryless discrete channels with random states known causally/noncausally at the encoder and with causal side information about the source at the decoders, a single-letter characterization of all achievable distortion in both stages is provided and it is shown that the separation theorem holds. The results are derived without assuming any structural restrictions on side information, such as a Markov structure, etc. Finally, for noncausal degraded side information, inner and outer bounds to the achievable rate-distortion region are derived. These bounds are shown to be tight for certain cases of reconstruction requirements at the decoders. Due to the system setup, these results also shed some light on a problem of successive refinement with side information which is not degraded in the usual sense.
Application of Rough Set and Support Vector Machine in competency assessment

Rough Set (RS) and Support Vector Machine(SVM) have gradually been becoming hot spots in the territory of artificial intelligence, machine learning and data mining research. In this paper, RS and SVM theories have been discussed, a new hybrid RS-SVM model was proposed based on the attribute reduction of RS and the classification principles of SVM, which has been analyzed its possibility of application in competency assessment and has been applied in competency assessment. Firstly, the attribute reduction of RS has been applied as preprocessor to delete redundant attributes and conflicting objects without losing efficient information. Then, an SVM classification model is built to make a forecast. Finally, compared the RS-SVM model with neural network model or grade regression model. Empirical results shown that RS-SVM model obtains good classification performance, and it highly reduces the complexity in the process of SVM classification and prevents the over-fit of training model in a certain extent.
On the effect of inband signaling and realistic channel knowledge on dynamic OFDM-FDMA systems

Dynamically assigning subcarriers of OFDM systems to multiple different terminals in a cell has been shown to be beneficial in terms of different transmission metrics. However, the success of such a scheme depends on the ability of the access point to inform terminals of their newest subcarrier assignments as well as on the accuracy of the channel state information used to generate new assignments. It is not clear whether the overhead required to implement these two system abilities consumes all of the potential performance increase possible by dynamically assigning subcarriers. In this paper, a specific MAC structure is selected enabling the operation of a dynamic OFDM system. Then, we study the question of the required overhead. A static assignment variant serves as a comparison scheme. We investigate the performance difference of these two schemes for various scenarios where at first signaling and then realistic channel knowledge is added to the system model. The results in terms of average throughput and goodput per terminal are obtained for a varying number of terminals in the cell as well as for a varying transmit power. We find that the performance is not only decreased for the dynamic scheme but also for the static one, such that the overall ratio favors the dynamic rather than the static scheme especially in realistic system environments.
How wrong can you be: Perception of static orientation errors in mixed reality

Tracking technologies are becoming an affordable commodity due to the wide use in mobile devices today. However, all tracking technologies available in commodity hardware is error prone due to problems such as drift, latency and jitter. The current understanding of human perception of static tracking errors is limited. This information about human perception might be useful in designing tracking systems for the display of AR and VR scenarios on commodity hardware. In this paper we present the findings of a study on the human perception of static orientation errors in a tracking system, using two different setups leveraging a handheld viewfinder: a classical augmented scenario and an indirect augmented one. By categorizing static orientation errors by scenario and local orientation axis, new insights into the users' ability to register orientational errors in the system are found. Our results show that users are much more aware of errors in classical AR scenarios in comparison to indirect AR scenarios. For both scenarios, the users registered roll orientation errors differently from both pitch and yaw orientation errors, and pitch and yaw perception is highly dependent on the scenario. However, the users performance ranking for orientational errors in AR scenarios was unexpected.
ACaZoo: A Distributed Key-Value Store Based on Replicated LSM-Trees

In this paper we describe the design and implementation of ACaZoo, a key-value store that combines strong consistency with high performance and high availability. ACaZoo supports the popular column-oriented data model of Apache Cassandra and HBase. It implements strongly-consistent data replication using primary-backup atomic broadcast of a write-ahead log, which records data mutations to a Log-structured Merge Tree (LSM-Tree). ACaZoo scales by horizontally partitioning the key space via consistent primary-key hashing on available replica groups (RGs). LSM-Tree compactions can hamper performance, especially when they take place at RG primaries. ACaZoo addresses this problem by changing RG leadership prior to heavy compactions, a method that can improve throughput by up to 40% in write-intensive workloads. We evaluate ACaZoo using the Yahoo Cloud Serving Benchmark (YCSB) and compare it to Oracle's NoSQL Database and to Cassandra providing serial consistency via an extension of the Paxos algorithm.
ASSIMILATION OF PROBLEMATIC EXPERIENCES BY CLIENTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY

DAVID A. SHAPIRO AND GILLIAN HARDYMRC/ESRC Social and Applied Psychology UnitUniversity of SheffieldIn successful psychotherapy,problematic experiences (threatening orpainful thoughts, feelings, memories,etc.) are gradually assimilated intoschemata that are introduced by thetherapist or developed in the therapist-client interaction by modification of oldschemata. As it is assimilated, aproblematic experience passes throughpredictable stages. The client movesfrom being oblivious, to experiencingthe content as acutely painful, then asless distressing, merely puzzling, thenunderstood, and finally as confidentlymastered.