Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La "traduction" de l'innovation en compétences dans les PME:un outil à l'intention des conseils en gestion des ressources humaines;The "translation" of innovation into competences in SME:a tool for Human Resource consultants

(VF)Ce cahier de recherche presente la construction d'un outil de gestion et son utilisation dans une entreprise. Cet outil est concu a partir des travaux de Callon et Latour en sociologie de l'innovation (Callon & Latour 1986, 1988, 1989, 2001). Il permet d'apprecier et de guider l'evolution des competences en periode d'innovation. Il est principalement destine a des conseils en Ressources Humaines intervenant dans des PME pour mettre en phase innovation et competences. (VA)This working paper presents the construction of a management tool and its use in a firm. This tool is built on Callon and Latour works in innovation sociology (Callon & Latour 1986, 1988, 1989, 2001). It is aimed at taking into account and to guide the competences changes during innovation. It is mainly meant for Human Resource consultants acting in SME to adjust innovation and competences.
Genetic VLSI circuit partitioning with two-dimensional geographic crossover and zigzag mapping

A B S T R A C T W e s u g g e s t a n e w g e n e t i c a l g o r i t h m for c i rcu i t r a t i o c u t p a r t i t i o n i n g p r o b l e m . G e n e t i c s p a c e s e a r c h is s t r e n g t h e n e d by t h e g e o g r a p h i c c r o s s o v e r w h i c h e n a b l e s m o r e p o w e r to c r e a t e d i v e r s e s o l u t i o n s . F u r t h e r m o r e , s o l u t i o n s are e m b e d d e d in to t w o d i m e n s i o n a l c h r o m o s o m e s by a n e w e m b e d d i n g ru le to e f f e c t i v e l y u t i l i z e g e n e s ' g e o g r a p h i c a l l inkages . O n e x p e r i m e n t s w i t h t h e pub l i c A C M / S I G D A b e n c h m a r k c i rcu i t s , t h e n e w g e n e t i c a l g o r i t h m s i g n i f i c a n t l y o u t p e r f o r m e d r e c e n t l y p u b l i s h e d s t a t e o f t h e a r t app r o a c h e s .
Dynamic Time Transformations for Visualizing Multiple Trajectories in Interactive Space-time Cube

Space-time cube is a visualization technique representing (geographic) space and time by three display dimensions. This technique is used to visualize and explore trajectories of moving objects. However, it may be ineffective when the number of different trajectories is large and/or the time span of the data is long. We overcome the limitations in two complementary ways: first, clustering of trajectories by spatial similarity, and, second, transformation of the temporal references within the trajectories to facilitate comparisons within and between clusters. We demonstrate the work of the approach on a real data set about individual movement over one year. INTRODUCTION Interactive space-time cube (STC) has become a common technique for visualizing trajectories (Kraak 2003, Kapler and Wright 2005). STC can support comparison of spatial, temporal, and dynamic properties of several trajectories when they are close in time (dynamic properties include the speed profile over time and stops occurring on the way). However, exploration of a large number of trajectories distributed over a long time period is not effectively supported. One of the problems is visual clutter resulting from numerous intersections of lines representing spatially dissimilar trajectories. Another problem is that trajectories distant in time are hard to compare since the lines representing them are distant in the cube. The problems are illustrated below.
Effects of Exenatide on Measures of β-Cell Function After 3 Years in Metformin-Treated Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE We previously showed that exenatide (EXE) enhanced insulin secretion after 1 year of treatment, relative to insulin glargine (GLAR), with a similar glucose-lowering action. These effects were not sustained after a 4-week off-drug period. This article reports the results after additional 2 years of exposure. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Sixty-nine metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes were randomized to EXE or GLAR. Forty-six patients entered the 2-year extension study in which they continued their allocated therapy. Thirty-six completed (EXE: n = 16; GLAR: n = 20) the 3-year exposure period. Insulin sensitivity (M value) and β-cell function were measured by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp followed by hyperglycemic clamp with arginine stimulation at pretreatment (week 52) and 4 weeks after discontinuation of study medication (week 56 and week 172). First-phase glucose stimulated C-peptide secretion was adjusted for M value and calculated as the disposition index (DI). RESULTS At 3 years, EXE and GLAR resulted in similar levels of glycemic control: 6.6 ± 0.2% and 6.9 ± 0.2%, respectively (P = 0.186). EXE compared with GLAR significantly reduced body weight (−7.9 ± 1.8 kg; P < 0.001). After the 4-week off-drug period, EXE increased the M value by 39% (P = 0.006) while GLAR had no effect (P = 0.647). Following the 4-week off-drug period, the DI, compared with pretreatment, increased with EXE, but decreased with GLAR (1.43 ± 0.78 and −0.99 ± 0.65, respectively; P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS EXE and GLAR sustained HbA1c over the 3-year treatment period, while EXE reduced body weight and GLAR increased body weight. Following the 3-year treatment with EXE, the DI was sustained after a 4-week off-drug period. These findings suggest a beneficial effect on β-cell health.
Wireless network instabilities in the wild: Prevalence, App (non)resilience, and OS remedy

While the bandwidth and latency improvement of both WiFi and cellular data networks in the past decade are plenty evident, the extent of signal strength fluctuation and network disruptions (unexpected switching or disconnections) experienced by mobile users in today's network deployment remains less clear. This paper makes three contributions. First, we conduct the first extensive measurement of network disruptions and signal strength fluctuations (together denoted as instabilities) experienced by 2000 smartphones in the wild. Our results show that network disruptions and signal strength fluctuations remain prevalent as we moved into the 4G era. Second, we study how well popular mobile apps today handle such network instabilities. Our results show that even some of the most popular mobile apps do not implement any disruption-tolerant mechanisms. Third, we present JANUS, an intelligent interface management framework that exploits the multiple interfaces on a handset to transparently handle network disruptions and improve apps' QoE. We have implemented JANUS on Android and our evaluation using a set of popular apps shows that Janus can (1) transparently and efficiently handle network disruptions, (2) reduce video stalls by 2.9 times and increase 31% of the time of good voice quality compared to naive solutions.
Automatic Stimulus-Induced Medial Premotor Cortex Activation without Perception or Action

Who has ever been surprised to return to the bowl of salted peanuts without realizing it, even after having eating a moderate number and deciding to stop? Using rapid event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy volunteers, we investigated the neural correlates of automatic processes induced by subliminal stimuli. We demonstrated that the automatic activation of motor programs elicited unconsciously in the medial premotor cortex was normally restricted to specific contexts set by the environment, but can occur below the threshold of awareness even when no movement was executed. This novel finding expands our view on brain mechanisms underlying unconscious motor control and provides new evidence that activation of the motor preparation system and consciousness are not obligatory linked.
On the mean number of $2$-torsion elements in the class groups, narrow class groups, and ideal groups of cubic orders and fields

Given any family of cubic fields defined by local conditions at finitely many primes, we determine the mean number of 2-torsion elements in the class groups and narrow class groups of these cubic fields when ordered by their absolute discriminants. For an order $\cal O$ in a cubic field, we study the three groups: $\rm Cl_2(\cal O)$, the group of ideal classes of $\cal O$ of order 2; $\rm Cl^+_2(\cal O)$, the group of narrow ideal classes of $\cal O$ of order 2; and ${\cal I}_2(\cal O)$, the group of ideals of $\cal O$ of order 2. We prove that the mean value of the difference $|\rm Cl_2({\cal O})|-\frac14|{\cal I}_2(\cal O)|$ is always equal to $1$, whether one averages over the maximal orders in real cubic fields, over all orders in real cubic fields, or indeed over any family of real cubic orders defined by local conditions. For the narrow class group, we prove that the mean value of the difference $|\rm Cl^+_2({\cal O})|-|{\cal I}_2(\cal O)|$ is equal to $1$ for any such family. For any family of complex cubic orders defined by local conditions, we prove similarly that the mean value of the difference $|\rm Cl_2(\mathcal O)|-\frac12|{\cal I}_2(\cal O)|$ is always equal to $1$, independent of the family. The determination of these mean numbers allows us to prove a number of further results as by-products. Most notably, we prove---in stark contrast to the case of quadratic fields---that: 1) a positive proportion of cubic fields have odd class number; 2) a positive proportion of real cubic fields have isomorphic 2-torsion in the class group and the narrow class group; and 3) a positive proportion of real cubic fields contain units of mixed real signature. We also show that a positive proportion of real cubic fields have narrow class group strictly larger than the class group, and thus a positive proportion of real cubic fields do not possess units of every possible real signature.
Experimentation and the Returns to Entrepreneurship

Previous studies have argued that entrepreneurs earn less and bear more risk than salaried workers with otherwise similar characteristics. In a simple model of entrepreneurship, I show that estimates of mean and variance of returns to entrepreneurship used by these previous studies are biased, as they fail to account for the option value of experimenting with new ideas. Using longitudinal data, I find patterns that are consistent with entrepreneurship as experimentation and returns to entrepreneurship that are more attractive than established by previous research. Received October 31, 2015; accepted February 24, 2016 by Editor Andrew Karolyi.
A Tripartite Approach to Right‐Wing Authoritarianism: The Authoritarianism‐Conservatism‐Traditionalism Model

Right‐Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) has been conceptualized and measured as a unidimensional personality construct comprising the covariation of the three traits of authoritarian submission, authoritarian aggression, and conventionalism. However, new approaches have criticized this conceptualization and instead viewed these three "traits" as three distinct, though related, social attitude dimensions. Here we extend this approach providing clear definitions of these three dimensions as ideological attitude constructs of Authoritarianism, Conservatism, and Traditionalism. These dimensions are seen as attitudinal expressions of basic social values or motivational goals that represent different, though related, strategies for attaining collective security at the expense of individual autonomy. We report data from five samples and three different countries showing that these three dimensions could be reliably measured and were factorially distinct. The three dimensions also differentially predicted interpersonal behaviour, social policy support, and political party support. It is argued that conceptualizing and measuring RWA as a set of three related ideological attitude dimensions may better explain complex sociopolitical phenomena than the currently dominant unidimensional personality based model.
Visibly different: coping with disfigurement

SECTION ONE: The experience of being visibly different Introduction to the section Congenital disfigurement Acquired disfigurement Living visibly different SECTION TWO: Perspectives from research and assessment: Introduction to the section Types, causes and physical treatment of visible differences Historical and anthropological perspectives on appearance Psychological research on visible differences in adults Problems faced by children and families living with visible differences Individual differences in adjusting to visible differences Assessment and measurement in clinical practice Anthropometry: the physical measurement of visible differences SECTION THREE: Coping with visible difference: Introduction to the section Meeting the needs: current service provision Decision making about treatment Understanding the problems Case studies Support for professional carers The role of support groups Conclusion: the way forward Index.
Generalized Context Transformations -- Enhanced Entropy Reduction

Context transformations is a very simple data transformation method that we presented recently and it is used to decrease uncertainty in input data. The transformation is based on exchange of two different di-grams. This paper is focused on new consequences of the relationships discovered subsequently. We were able to find a mathematical model which predicts the efficiency of each transformation. The new type of the transformation, Generalized context transformation, developed recently is more efficient than the previous one and it is able to remove almost all redundancy based on the symbols mutual information. The newly developed algorithm is computationally and entropic ally more efficient than the previous one.
Post mortem survey of dental disorders in 349 donkeys from an aged population (2005-2006). Part 1: prevalence of specific dental disorders.

REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY Donkey dental disorders are being recognised with increased frequency worldwide and have important welfare implications; however, no detailed investigations of dental disorders in donkeys appear to have been published. OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of specified dental disorders in donkeys by performing a prospective post mortem study on donkeys that were subjected to euthanasia or died for other reasons at the Donkey Sanctuary, UK. METHODS Post mortem examinations were performed on 349 donkeys over an 18 month period, 2005-2006. The presence and extent of specified dental disorders were recorded and these data analysed to determine their prevalence and common locations. RESULTS A high prevalence (93%) of disorders was noted in the population with a median age of 31 years. In particular, cheek teeth diastemata (85% prevalence) were very common, often associated with advanced periodontal disease. Other disorders observed included missing teeth (in 55.6% of donkeys), displaced teeth (43%), worn teeth (34%), local overgrowths (15%), focal sharp overgrowths (3%) and dental-related soft tissue injuries (8%). CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE Aged donkeys have a high prevalence of significant dental disease, especially cheek teeth diastemata. These findings highlight the importance of routine dental examinations and prophylactic dental treatments to improve the dental health and welfare of donkeys.
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy in pediatric and congenital heart disease patients: a single tertiary center experience in Korea

Purpose The use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) to prevent sudden cardiac death is increasing in children and adolescents. This study investigated the use of ICDs in children with congenital heart disease. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on the clinical characteristics and effectiveness of ICD implantation at the department of pediatrics of a single tertiary center between 2007 and 2011. Results Fifteen patients underwent ICD implantation. Their mean age at the time of implantation was 14.5±5.4 years (range, 2 to 22 years). The follow-up duration was 28.9±20.4 months. The cause of ICD implantation was cardiac arrest in 7, sustained ventricular tachycardia in 6, and syncope in 2 patients. The underlying disorders were as follows: ionic channelopathy in 6 patients (long QT type 3 in 4, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia [CPVT] in 1, and J wave syndrome in 1), cardiomyopathy in 5 patients, and postoperative congenital heart disease in 4 patients. ICD coils were implanted in the pericardial space in 2 children (ages 2 and 6 years). Five patients received appropriate ICD shock therapy, and 2 patients received inappropriate shocks due to supraventricular tachycardia. During follow-up, 2 patients required lead dysfunction-related revision. One patient with CPVT suffered from an ICD storm that was resolved using sympathetic denervation surgery. Conclusion The overall ICD outcome was acceptable in most pediatric patients. Early diagnosis and timely ICD implantation are recommended for preventing sudden death in high-risk children and patients with congenital heart disease.
RoleNet: Movie Analysis from the Perspective of Social Networks

With the idea of social network analysis, we propose a novel way to analyze movie videos from the perspective of social relationships rather than audiovisual features. To appropriately describe role's relationships in movies, we devise a method to quantify relations and construct role's social networks, called RoleNet. Based on RoleNet, we are able to perform semantic analysis that goes beyond conventional feature-based approaches. In this work, social relations between roles are used to be the context information of video scenes, and leading roles and the corresponding communities can be automatically determined. The results of community identification provide new alternatives in media management and browsing. Moreover, by describing video scenes with role's context, social-relation-based story segmentation method is developed to pave a new way for this widely-studied topic. Experimental results show the effectiveness of leading role determination and community identification. We also demonstrate that the social-based story segmentation approach works much better than the conventional tempo-based method. Finally, we give extensive discussions and state that the proposed ideas provide insights into context-based video analysis.
Capacity Region of the Finite-State Multiple-Access Channel With and Without Feedback

The capacity region of the finite-state multiple-access channel (FS-MAC) with feedback that may be an arbitrary time-invariant function of the channel output samples is considered. We characterize both an inner and an outer bound for this region, using Massey's directed information. These bounds are shown to coincide, and hence yield the capacity region, of indecomposable FS-MACs without feedback and of stationary and indecomposable FS-MACs with feedback, where the state process is not affected by the inputs. Though multiletter in general, our results yield explicit conclusions when applied to specific scenarios of interest. For example, our results allow us to do the following. 1. Identify a large class of FS-MACs, that includes the additive mod2 noise MAC where the noise may have memory, for which feedback does not enlarge the capacity region. 2. Deduce that, for a general FS-MAC with states that are not affected by the input, if the capacity (region) without feedback is zero, then so is the capacity (region) with feedback. 3. Deduce that the capacity region of a MAC that can be decomposed into a multiplexer concatenated by a point-to-point channel (with, without, or with partial feedback), the capacity region is given by Sigmam Rm les C, where C is the capacity of the point to point channel and m indexes the encoders. Moreover, we show that for this family of channels source-channel coding separation holds.
Symmetries, Isometries and Length Spectra of Closed Hyperbolic Three-Manifolds

Previously known algorithms to compute the symmetry group of a cusped hyperbolic three-manifold and to test whether two cusped hyperbolic three-manifolds are isometric do not apply directly to closed manifolds. But by drilling out geodesics from closed manifolds one may compute their symmetry groups and test for isometries using the cusped manifold techniques. To do so, one must know precisely how many geodesics of a given length the closed manifold has. Here we prove the propositions needed to rigorously compute a length spectrum, with multiplicities. We also tabulate the symmetry groups of the smallest known closed hyperbolic three-manifolds.
Extrinsic Information Memory Reduced Architecture for Non-Binary Turbo Decoder Implementation

Two methods are presented that can substantially reduce the memory requirements of non-binary turbo decoders by efficient representation of the extrinsic information. In the case of the duo-binary turbo decoder employed by the IEEE 802.16e standard, the extrinsic information can be reduced by about 43%, which decreases the total decoder complexity by 18%. We also show that the proposed algorithm can be implemented by simple hardware architecture.
Robots in Groups and Teams

Over the last decade, the idea that robots could become an integral part of groups and teams has developed from a promising vision into a reality. Robots are increasingly designed to interact with groups and teams of people, yet most human-robot interaction research still focuses on a single humans interacting with a single robot. The goal for the workshop is therefore to advance research in computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) and human robot interaction (HRI) by raising awareness for the social and technical challenges that surround the placement of robots within work-groups and teams. The workshop will be organized around three central questions: (1) How do robots shape the dynamics of groups and teams in existing settings? (2) How does a robot's behavior shape how humans interact with each other in dyads and in larger groups and teams? (3) How can robots improve the performance of work groups and teams by acting on social processes? These core issues will be covered across a set of presentations that initiate in- depth discussions around each question to improve the quality of and support the growth of research in the CSCW community that focuses on the intersection of robots, groups, and teams.
Electroconvulsive therapy for catatonia in juvenile neuropsychiatric lupus

Neuropsychiatric manifestations are serious and frequent complications of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor disturbance (including waxy flexibility and catalepsy), stupor, excitement, negativism, mutism, echopraxia and echolalia. Catatonia associated with SLE has been only rarely reported, especially in children. Here we present a case of a 14-year-old patient encountered in consultation-liaison psychiatry who presented catatonia associated with SLE. Her catatonia was refractory to treatment with pulse methylprednisolone, intravenous cyclophosphamide and rituximab. The patient responded to a combined therapy of electroconvulsive therapy and benzodiazepines. The present case suggests that although rarely reported, catatonia seen in the background of SLE should be promptly identified and treated to reduce the morbidity.
Translation and Adaptation of Disruptive Behaviour Disorder Rating Scale

1In the present study, Disruptive Behavior Disorder (DBD) rating scale developed by Pelham, Gnagy, Greenslade, and Milich (1992) was translated and adapted for the assessment of childhood behavioral problems in Pakistani children. The DBD rating scale was translated into Urdu using back-translation technique and validated through factor analysis. Primary class children in the age range of 9 to 13 years ( N = 280; mean age = 9.98 years), including 179 boys (mean age = 9.98 years) and 101 girls (mean age = 9.97 years) were rated by their class teachers on Urdu DBD rating scale. The alpha coefficients for the subscales of Urdu DBD rating scale ranged from . 80 to . 91. Exploratory Factor analysis yielded a fourfactor solution for the Urdu DBD rating scale.