Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RUNNING TITLE PAGE Running Title : Estrogen signaling , ASD and schizophrenia

Estrogens, the primary female sex hormones, were originally characterized through their important role in sexual maturation and reproduction. However, recent studies have shown that estrogens play critical roles in a number of brain functions including cognition, learning and memory, neurodevelopment and adult neuroplasticity. A number of studies from both clinical as well as preclinical research suggest a protective role of estrogen in neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia. Alterations in the levels of estrogen receptors (ERs) have been found in subjects with ASD or schizophrenia, and adjunctive estrogen therapy has been shown to be effective in enhancing the treatment of schizophrenia. This review summarizes the findings on the role of estrogen in the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders with a focus on ASD and schizophrenia. We also discuss the potential of estrogen as a therapeutic target in the above disorders. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. JPET Fast Forward. Published on October 27, 2016 as DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116. 237412 at A PE T Jornals on O cber 1, 2016 jpet.asjournals. org D ow nladed from
Discrepancy estimates for variance bounding Markov chain quasi-Monte Carlo

Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations are modeled as driven by true random numbers. We consider variance bounding Markov chains driven by a deterministic sequence of numbers. The star-discrepancy provides a measure of efficiency of such Markov chain quasi-Monte Carlo methods. We define a pull-back discrepancy of the driver sequence and state a close relation to the star-discrepancy of the Markov chain-quasi Monte Carlo samples. We prove that there exists a deterministic driver sequence such that the discrepancies decrease almost with the Monte Carlo rate $n^{-1/2}$. As for MCMC simulations, a burn-in period can also be taken into account for Markov chain quasi-Monte Carlo to reduce the influence of the initial state. In particular, our discrepancy bound leads to an estimate of the error for the computation of expectations. To illustrate our theory we provide an example for the Metropolis algorithm based on a ball walk. Furthermore, under additional assumptions we prove the existence of a driver sequence such that the discrepancy of the corresponding deterministic Markov chain sample decreases with order $n^{-1+\delta}$ for every $\delta>0$.
MILC: Inverted List Compression in Memory

Inverted list compression is a topic that has been studied for 50 years due to its fundamental importance in numerous applications including information retrieval, databases, and graph analytics. Typically, an inverted list compression algorithm is evaluated on its space overhead and query processing time. Earlier list compression designs mainly focused on minimizing the space overhead to reduce expensive disk I/O time in disk-oriented systems. But the recent trend is shifted towards reducing query processing time because the underlying systems tend to be memory-resident. Although there are many highly optimized compression approaches in main memory, there is still a considerable performance gap between query processing over compressed lists and uncompressed lists, which motivates this work. In this work, we set out to bridge this performance gap for the first time by proposing a new compression scheme, namely, MILC (memory inverted list compression). MILC relies on a series of techniques including offset-oriented fixed-bit encoding, dynamic partitioning, in-block compression, cache-aware optimization, and SIMD acceleration. We conduct experiments on three real-world datasets in information retrieval, databases, and graph analytics to demonstrate the high performance and low space overhead of MILC. We compare MILC with 12 recent compression algorithms and experimentally show that MILC improves the query performance by up to 13.2× and reduces the space overhead by up to 4.7×.
Relationship Standards and Relationship Satisfaction in Chinese, Western, and Intercultural Couples Living in Australia and Hong Kong, China

Partners in an intercultural couple can be similar because of selection effects (they were attracted to each other because of their similarity), accommodation (relationship length diminishes differences), or acculturation (the migrant partner adjusts to the dominant culture). The current study explored these sources of similarity, as well as the association of relationship standards with relationship satisfaction, by comparing intercultural couples (68 Chinese–Western couples) with two groups of monocultural couples (63 Western couples and 66 Chinese couples) across 2 countries of residence (China and Australia). Regardless of country of residence, Chinese couples rated Family Responsibility standards (e.g., relations with the extended family and maintaining relational harmony) as more important than Western couples. Western couples rated Couple Bond standards (e.g., the demonstration of love and caring) as more important than Chinese. Intercultural couples endorsed standards to an intermediate extent between the Chinese and Western couples. There was considerable similarity of partners’ standards within couples in all 3 groups of couples. Endorsement of Couple Bond standards and partner similarity on Family Responsibility standards were associated with relationship satisfaction across all 3 groups and both countries of residence. We conclude that cultural differences in endorsement of relationship standards show little acculturative change, at least in first-generation migrants. The substantial similarity in partners’ standards in intercultural couples seems to be due primarily to selection effects. The association of standards with satisfaction is remarkably similar across countries of residence and cultural groups.
Minimizing Network Coding Nodes in Multicast Tree Construction via Genetic Algorithm

Network coding is a method that increases network throughput by encoding several packets with single packet size length and forwards the packet in a single transmission time slot. At the same time, network coding increases the complexity of packets management and delay of network due to the waiting time for network coding opportunity. A solution based on improved genetic algorithm is proposed to optimize the network coding node resources in network coding. Genetic algorithm will search a multicast tree that fulfils the desired throughput with a desired multicast rate. Mutation rate of the genetic algorithm will change based on the previous solution to avoid from being stuck on the local optima. The simulation result shows that with given multicast rate, improved genetic algorithm is able to search and construct multicast tree with minimal usage of network coding nodes.
SGP HEURISTICS FOR ONE MACHINE SCHEDULING PROBLEM

Each of N jobs is to be processed on a single machine. Only one job can be processed at any given time. Each switch from one job to another requires sequence dependent setup time. The objective is to find a processing order which minimizes the makespan. Let call this problem the OMSC problem. OMSC problem is defined as a grouping problem. A heuristics called SGP Heuristics and based on spectral graph partitioning is presented with some computational results.
Quantitative Analysis of Monocyte Subpopulations in Murine Atherosclerotic Plaques by Multiphoton Microscopy

The progressive accumulation of monocyte-derived cells in the atherosclerotic plaque is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. However, it is now appreciated that monocytes represent a heterogeneous circulating population of cells that differ in functionality. New approaches are needed to investigate the role of monocyte subpopulations in atherosclerosis since a detailed understanding of their differential mobilization, recruitment, survival and emigration during atherogenesis is of particular importance for development of successful therapeutic strategies. We present a novel methodology for the in vivo examination of monocyte subpopulations in mouse models of atherosclerosis. This approach combines cellular labeling by fluorescent beads with multiphoton microscopy to visualize and monitor monocyte subpopulations in living animals. First, we show that multiphoton microscopy is an accurate and timesaving technique to analyze monocyte subpopulation trafficking and localization in plaques in excised tissues. Next, we demonstrate that multiphoton microscopy can be used to monitor monocyte subpopulation trafficking in atherosclerotic plaques in living animals. This novel methodology should have broad applications and facilitate new insights into the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases.
Thomas a. Neff lecture. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systemic disease.

For the first time, the recently published American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) guidelines explicitly recognize that “although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease . affects the lungs, it also produces significant systemic consequences” (1). This is somewhat surprising because we have implicitly known for many years that COPD indeed has systemic consequences. For instance, since 1980, we have known that severe COPD can produce significant arterial hypoxemia (thus, presumably, some degree of “systemic” hypoxia) and that domiciliary oxygen therapy can improve survival in these patients without having any noticeable effect on lung function (2, 3). Likewise, for more than 30 years, we have been aware of the fact that some patients with COPD will develop weight loss and eventually cachexia (“pink puffers”), whereas others (“blue blotters”) will not (4). The former is clearly recognized now as a “systemic effect” of COPD (5, 6). So, what is really new in this field? I believe that what is novel is the realization that COPD is characterized by an abnormal inflammatory response of the lung parenchyma to the inhalation of particles and toxic fumes, mostly tobacco smoking (1), which can also be detected in peripheral blood, thus qualifying it as “systemic inflammation” (5, 6). We have now begun to uncover the origin and consequences of, and seek potential therapy for, this systemic inflammation in COPD, and we are beginning to appreciate that these discoveries may be of great relevance and lead to better management of patients with COPD (5, 6). This presentation first reviews the evidence supporting the presence of systemic inflammation in COPD, then discusses its potential origin and consequences, and finally, discusses potential therapeutic alternatives. Throughout the text, relevant questions, still unanswered, will be identified.
Eating disorders in 12- to 16-year-old diabetic and nondiabetic adolescents from Barcelona, Spain.

Although eating disorders are common in late adolescent diabetic patients, the occurrence in younger populations, particularly male diabetic patients, is not well documented (1,2). The prevalence was studied in 60 boys and 38 girls (13.78 ± 1.05 years of age, range 12–16) with diabetes duration 1.5 ± 3.35 years and in 321 boys and 254 girls as nondiabetic peers (13.73 ± 0.63 years of age, 12–16). Patients and peers completed the Spanish validated …
A Thematic Content Analysis Concerning the Emotional Message Repertory of the TV Commercials of the Products Directed at the Young Target Audience

The purpose of this study is to reveal the emotional message repertory in the television commercials directed at the young target audience. A content analysis is realized in the coverage of the study. The content analysis is used in the study. Total 2482 commercial spots, which are broadcasted in the prime time hours in 4 different national channels are recorded. The number of the commercials addressing to the young target audience between them became 1193. It is seen in the study that the commercials directed at the young target audience realized in 9 different categories. 10 different thematic categories are put forward directed at the young people in these 9 categories. The distribution of the mentioned categories to the channels is performed. In addition to this, most repeated 10 commercials are determined in all of the commercials and young commercials and the message contents of these commercials are examined. It is determined that the maximum messages directed at the young people among all of the commercials are in the food and beverage category with 425 single commercials. When it is looked at the thematic distribution, the messages concerning the difference took part in the first place among all of the commercials with 390 commercials.
Action segmentation and recognition in meeting room scenarios

In this proposal a novel implementation to find and recognize person actions in image sequences of meeting scenarios is introduced. Such extracted information can be used as the basis for content based browsing and the automated analysis of meetings. The presented system consists of four major functional blocks: the detection of a person, the feature extraction to describe actions and a sophisticated segmentation approach to find action boundaries. The fourth module consists of a statistical classifier. Beside the functionality of these blocks, the image material for training and testing purposes is briefly introduced.
Single-tone frequency tracking using a particle filter with improvement strategies

This paper investigates a robust method for extracting frequency online from a noisy sinusoidal signal. A nearly constant frequency (NCF) model, which is adapted from the target tracking discipline, is presented to describe the evolution of the time varying frequency. A particular particle filtering algorithm, called bootstrap filter, is improved with a Gaussian kernel based regularization and a Metropolis-Hastings based Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique, for solving this problem. Some representative scenarios are designed for tests. The results of the simulation using synthetic data show the proposed methodpsilas efficiency and superiority to some existing methods.
On the Need for a Biopsychosocial Victimology: A Foundational Model for Focusing Violence Prevention on Women and Children

ABSTRACT Criminology has traditionally been primarily focused on adolescent male criminality given the perception that most violent crime is perpetrated by boys in their early teens. However, this view neglects the considerable amount of evidence that violent behavior is manifest very early in the life course and that risk factors for violent behavior exist even earlier when the child is in utero. Therefore, violence prevention must concentrate heavily on biological and psychosocial processes early in human development. One profitable avenue is to refocus crime prevention efforts on the needs of mothers and their children. The authors develop and present a biopsychosocial model for violence prevention and intervention that emphasizes the needs of expectant and new mothers along with their children. Policies and programs that address early victimization and the biological and sociological impact of victimization are specifically discussed as mechanisms of violence reduction.
A new analytical model for predicting SWCNT band-gap from geometrical properties

In the following paper we present a complete analytical model that predicts the band-gap (Eg) of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) directly from their diameter (d) and chiral angle (thetas). The proposed analytical model is based on two mathematical expressions that have been derived by curve-fitting the outcome generated from the third-nearest-neighbor tight-binding (TB) method in conjunction with the zone-folding technique. Tests performed on the model demonstrated that 82% of a set of both metallic and semiconducting CNTs were accurately distinguished. In addition, the maximum band-gap error recorded for the semiconducting tubes was 10%. The model was also verified against previously published experimental data where 17 out of 21 tubes were correctly predicted. Finally, it is shown that the proposed model computes Eg with a speed that is 105 times faster compared to the third-nearest-neighbor TB method with zone-folding. The outcome of this work offers a fast and accurate technique for engineers who are seeking to simulate CNT based devices and want to ascertain the CNTpsilas electronic properties with respect to the geometrical variation manifested in their synthesis process.
The algorithm studies of Hidden Markov Model in face distinguishing

Hidden Markov Models(HMM) have been successfully used in speech recognition where data is essentially one-dimensional. An new approach is proposed. In this approach, Dauechies orthogonal wavelet transform is used to preprocess the original face image, resulting in its four sub-images belonging to different frequency bands, and the sub-images are used to learning and recognition based on HMM. A algorithm is designed to combine the multiple sort results, and the Karhunen Loeve Transform (KLT) was used to extract a set of observations that improving the method by Asmaria. This approach increases the ratio of recognition and reduces the time of computing. The experimentations prove the approach is rational.
Biceps Tenotomy Versus Tenodesis in Active Patients Younger Than 55 Years

Background: Proximal biceps pathology is a significant factor in shoulder pain. Surgical treatment options include biceps tenotomy and subpectoral biceps tenodesis. Tenotomy is a simple procedure, but it may produce visible deformity, subjective cramping, or loss of supination strength. Tenodesis is a comparatively technical procedure involving a longer recovery, but it has been hypothesized to achieve better outcomes in younger active patients (<55 years). Hypothesis: This study investigated the outcomes of younger patients who underwent either a biceps tenotomy or tenodesis as part of treatment for shoulder pain. The hypothesis was that, apart from cosmetic deformity, there will be no difference in outcome between the 2 treatment options. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Isometric strength and endurance testing of operative and nonoperative shoulders for forearm supination (FS) and elbow flexion (EF) were tested utilizing an isometric dynamometer. Objective physical assessment was also performed. Subjective outcomes using the modified American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (ASES); Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH); visual analog scale (VAS); and perceived biceps symptoms were collected. Results: A total of 42 patients (22 tenotomy, 20 tenodesis) with an average follow-up of 3.3 years were studied. The average age at follow-up was 49.9 years. Thirty-five percent (7/20) of tenotomy patients exhibited a “Popeye” deformity, compared with 18.2% (4/22) of tenodesis patients. Strength prior to fatiguing exercise was similar between tenodesis and tenotomy for FS (6.9 vs 7.3 lbs; P < .05), EF in neutral (35.4 vs 35.4 lbs), and EF in supination (33.8 vs 34.2 lbs). Strength was not significantly different between groups for isometric strength and endurance measures. Subjective functional outcome measured by the DASH, ASES, and VAS scores were similar between groups. Frequency of complaints of cramping was higher in the tenotomy group (4/20 vs 1/22), and complaints of pain were higher in the tenodesis group (11/22 vs 5/20). Conclusion: Despite increased demands and activity placed on biceps function in a younger population, this study showed no differences in functional and subjective outcome measurements. The choice between biceps tenotomy and tenodesis for pathology of the proximal biceps tendon can continue to be based on surgeon and patient preference.
Construction of polar codes with sublinear complexity

Consider the problem of constructing a polar code of block length N for the transmission over a given channel W. Typically this requires to compute the reliability of all the N synthetic channels and then to include those that are sufficiently reliable. However, we know from [1], [2] that there is a partial order among the synthetic channels. Hence, it is natural to ask whether we can exploit it to reduce the computational burden of the construction problem. We show that, if we take advantage of the partial order [1], [2], we can construct a polar code by computing the reliability of roughly N/ log3/2 N synthetic channels. Such a set of synthetic channels is universal, in the sense that it allows one to construct polar codes for any W, and it can be identified by solving a maximum matching problem on a bipartite graph. Our proof technique consists in reducing the construction problem to the problem of computing the maximum cardinality of an antichain for a suitable partially ordered set. As such, this method is general and it can be used to further improve the complexity of the construction problem in case a new partial order on the synthetic channels of polar codes is discovered.
On Computing the Translations Norm in the Epipolar Graph

This paper deals with the problem of recovering the unknown norm of relative translations between cameras based on the knowledge of relative rotations and translation directions. We provide theoretical conditions for the solvability of such a problem, and we propose a two-stage method to solve it. First, a cycle basis for the epipolar graph is computed, then all the scaling factors are recovered simultaneously by solving a homogeneous linear system. We demonstrate the accuracy of our solution by means of synthetic and real experiments.
Application of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) in Albanian hospitals: a cross-sectional study

Objective To establish the reliability and validity of the translated version of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) by evaluating its psychometric properties and to determine possible differences among nurses and physicians regarding safety attitudes. Design A cross-sectional study utilising the Albanian version of the SAQ and a demographic questionnaire. Setting Four regional hospitals in Albania. Participants 341 healthcare providers, including 132 nurses and 209 doctors. Main outcome measure(s) The translation, construct validity and internal validity of the SAQ. The SAQ includes six scales and 30 items. Results A total of 341 valid questionnaires were returned, for a response rate of 70%. The confirmatory factor analysis and its goodness-of-fit indices (standardised root mean square residual 0.075, root mean square error of approximation 0.044 and comparative fit index 0.97) showed good model fit. The Cronbach's α values for each of the scales of the SAQ ranged from 0.64 to 0.82. The percentage of hospital healthcare workers who had a positive attitude was 60.3% for the teamwork climate, 57.2% for the safety climate, 58.4% for job satisfaction, 37.4% for stress recognition, 59.3% for the perception of management and 49.5% for working conditions. Intercorrelations showed that the subscales had moderate-to-high correlations with one another. Nurses were more hesitant to admit and report errors; only 55% of physicians and 44% of nurses endorsed this statement (χ2=4.9, p=0.02). Moreover, nurses received lower scores on team work compared with doctors (N 45.7 vs D 52.3, p=0.01). Doctors denied the effects of stress and fatigue on their performance (N 46.7 vs D 39.5, p<0.01), neglecting the workload. Conclusions The SAQ is a useful tool for evaluating safety attitudes in Albanian hospitals. In light of the health workforce's poor recognition of stress, establishing patient safety programmes should be a priority among policymakers in Albania.