Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Ziprasidone or Haloperidol on Theory of Mind in Patients With Schizophrenia: A 16-week Pilot Trial

Objectives: Schizophrenia is associated with impairment in theory of mind (ToM), which is defined as the ability to make judgments about mental states and is related to medial prefrontal cortical activity. Ziprasidone, but not haloperidol, is known to have a protective effect in the medial prefrontal cortex. Thus, we hypothesized that these 2 drugs would have different efficacy in improving ToM task performance in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: Patients with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) diagnosis of schizophrenia matched for sex, duration of illness, and education were randomized to receive ziprasidone (n=30) or haloperidol (n=30). All patients were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Personal and Social Functioning Scale. ToM was assessed using a first-order false belief task, a second-order false belief task, the faux-pas task, and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task, in order of developmental complexity and difficulty. The primary outcome was change in ToM performance from baseline to 16 weeks of treatment. Results: For the first-order false belief task, there were no significant differences between the groups (P>0.05). For the second-order false belief task, the interaction effect was significant (P<0.05), and the simple effect of time showed a significant difference only in the ziprasidone group (P<0.001). For the faux-pas task, the interaction effect was not significant (P>0.05). For the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task, the interaction effect was significant (P<0.05), and the simple effect of time showed a significant difference only in the ziprasidone group (P<0.001). The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale results were similar between the groups. The ziprasidone group performed better than the haloperidol group on the Personal and Social Functioning Scale. There were no major safety concerns or adverse events. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that ziprasidone could improve ToM and might be superior to haloperidol for improving complex ToM as well as personal and social functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Register: ChiCTR2200060542.
Constitute and Distributing Character of Salinity in Soil in Xinjiang

Gathered 0～30 cm upper soil of monitoring site,analyzed soil salinity and eight kinds ion for mastering constitute and distributing character of salinity in soil in monitored area,the result shows salinity content in soil in Xinjiang is supernal,salinity type is various,salinity distributing has zonal distributing character.Meanwhile constitute and distributing character of salinity in soil is influenced with change of land using manner.
Neurourology and Urodynamics

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Caremeau University Hospital, Nîmes, France Department of Urogynaecology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Urogynaecology, St. Maryʼs Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, CHU La Croix‐Rousse University Hospital Lyon, Lyon, France Department of Microbiology, CHU Caremeau University Hospital, Montpellier University, Nîmes, France
Aerosol radiative effects under clear skies over Europe and their changes in the period of 2001–2012

In the study, the clear‐sky aerosol radiative effects have been quantified at 52 European sites using empirical and radiative transfer modelling approaches. Furthermore, the trends of the aerosol radiative effects are also determined for the period of 2001–2012. The aerosol radiative effects are simulated using the Mesoscale Atmospheric Global Irradiance Code radiation code with aerosol and water vapour climatology. The annual mean of the surface aerosol radiative effects in clear‐sky situations over Europe is −7.1 ± 2.9 W m−2. The trends of the aerosol radiative effects are derived assigning radiative effects to monthly Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aerosol optical depth time series applying linear fitting. In the indirect approach, the clear‐sky situations are selected from daily surface solar radiation observations from the Word Radiation Data Centre, and the trends of the aerosol radiative effects are delimitated in these clear‐sky radiation time series. The two approaches give good fit, based on the direct approach the annual trend of the aerosol radiative effects on clear‐sky solar surface radiation is −4.41 W m−2 per decade for the period of 2001–2013, while in the case of the indirect approach, this trend is found to be −4.46 W m−2 per decade. The seasonal trends of the aerosol radiative effects vary between −7.57 and −0.17 W m−2 per decade indicating stronger decreases in summertime. The results are presented for four sub‐regions of Europe detecting negative changes in all cases with a stronger decrease in the central, north‐eastern and southern part of the continent. The trends of the aerosol radiative effect have the same magnitude as the trends detected in clear‐sky solar surface radiation, and are an order of magnitude higher than the radiative effects of water vapour (0.20 W m−2 per decade).
THE DEMANDS ON COMPETENCIES FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND THE PERCEPTION OF BUSINESS STUDENTS

: Digital transformation is just as much about people as it is about technology. Little research has been done on the gap between the competencies required in research surveys and business students' points of view. This research explores business university students' perception of the competencies needed for digital transformation. Using the Delphi technique followed by focus groups, the research attempted to capture student perception in depth. The findings revealed that university students of business study programs assess higher level behavioural competencies and technological competencies rank lower, but both domains only by weak consensus. In conclusion, the research also highlights the need for development of specific required technical competencies to meet the business point of view in HEIs programs and to fill the current gap
Machine Learning with Applications

Twitter is a social media site where people post their personal experiences, opinions, and news. Due to the ubiquitous real-time data availability, many rescue agencies monitor this data regularly to identify disasters, reduce risk, and save lives. However, it is impossible for humans to manually check the mass amount of data and identify disasters in real-time. For this purpose, many research have been proposed to present words in machine-understandable representations and apply machine learning methods on the word representations to identify the sentiment of a text. The previous research methods provide a single vector representation or embedding of a word from a given document. However, the recent advanced contextual embedding method (BERT — Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) constructs different vectors for the same word in different contexts. The BERT embeddings have been used successfully in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, yet there is no concrete analysis of how these representations are helpful in disaster-type tweet analysis. This research study explores the efficacy of the BERT embeddings on predicting disaster from Twitter data and compares these to traditional context-free word embedding methods. We provide both quantitative and qualitative results for this study. The results show that the contextual embeddings have the best results in disaster prediction task than the traditional word embeddings. Furthermore, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of contextual embeddings on sentiment analysis of Twitter data.
Kink and BDSM Awareness in Sex Oﬀense Treatment

There has been a recent movement to adopt a sex-positive framework into all areas of psychological practice, including research, practice, supervision, and training in psychology. However, incorporating a sex-positive approach to sex oﬀense treatment has rarely been discussed. As clinicians move to more humanistic and rehabilitative approaches, sex-positivity should be considered. The current article will outline a case study of a client mandated for sex oﬀense treatment who expressed interest in BDSM with his new partner and his therapist’s reactions to this information. Discussion for clinical training and supports for clinicians doing sex oﬀense treatment will be offered.
A critical review of 3D printing and digital manufacturing in construction engineering

Purpose – In recent years, 3D printing technologies have been widely used in the construction industry. 3D printing in construction is very attractive because of its capability of process automation and the possibility of saving labor, waste materials, construction time and hazardous procedures for humans. Signi ﬁ cant researches were conducted to identify the performance of the materials, while some researches focused on the development of novel techniques and methods, such as building information modeling. This paper aims to provide a detailed overview of the state-of-the-art of currently used 3D printing technologies in the construction areas and global acceptance in its applications. Design/methodology/approach – The working principle of additive manufacturing in construction engineering (CE) is presented in terms of structural design, materials used and theoretical background of the leading technologies that are used to construct buildings and structures as well as their distinctive features. Findings – The trends of 3D printing processes in CE are very promising, as well as the development of novel materials, will gain further momentum. The ﬁ ndings also indicate that the digital twin (DT) in construction technology would bring the industry a step forward toward achieving the goal of Industry 5.0. Originality/value – This review highlights the prospects of digital manufacturing and the DT in construction engineering. It also indicates the future research direction of 3D printing in various constriction sectors.
Tansley review Biogeography of global drylands

of interacting plant species largely shape biogeographical patterns in plant – plant and plant – soil interactions, and in plant spatial patterns. Aridity also drives the composition of biocrust communities and vegetation productivity, which shows large geographical variation. We ﬁnish our review by discussing major research gaps, which include: studying regular vegetation spatial patterns; establishing large-scale plant and biocrust ﬁeld surveys assessing individual-level trait measurements; knowing whether the impacts of plant – plant and plant – soil interactions on biodiversityarepredictable;andassessinghowelevatedCO 2 modulatesfuturearidityconditions and plant productivity.
Harnessing the Science of Social Marketing and Behaviour Change for Improved Water Quality in the GBR: a documentary analysis of Reef Trust Tender (Burdekin) and Reef Programme

The intention of the documentary analysis is to assess the way that messages to land managers about water quality in the Great Barrier Reef are presented in terms of their readability, message framing and message tone. Two programmes were selected: (1) the Reef Programme; and (2) the Reef Trust Tender (Burdekin). The programmes selected for evaluation had been marketed within both the wet and the dry tropics, and they had been designed for both graziers and cane farmers. The readability analysis has shown all three programmes to be written at a similar level well above the recommended reading level of grade / year 9. The documents associated with the Reef Programme (Burdekin), with a SMOG score of 13, were slightly more readable than documents associated with the Reef Trust Tender (Wet Tropics) (17) or the Reef Programme (Burdekin) (18).
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Diphthongisation of /i:/ in West Frisian

Contemporary West Frisian (ISO 639-2 fry; henceforth: Frisian) has a rich and symmetrical vowel system, with nine short and nine long monophthongs as well as numerous rising, falling and centring diphthongs. However, the vowel system of this minority language is changing, some of these changes are induced by contact with Dutch, others are more likely to be internal changes. One such sound change in progress is observed in the long high vowel / iː /, which younger speakers tend to realise as a centring diphthong [ iˑə ]. Consequently, the traditional minimal pair wiid / ʋiːt / ‘wide’ ~ wiet / ʋiˑə t/ ‘wet’ becomes homophonic [ ʋiˑə t] . We present the first analysis of this sound change in progress. Based on acoustic analyses of the trajectory of / iː / of 51 speakers from Boarnsterhim, we show that the youngest speakers use this centralising diphthongisation more often than older speakers. Moreover, analyses show that diphthongisation occurs more often before alveolar consonants.
Rapid land use change, biodiversity and ecosystem services in miombo woodland : assessing the challenges for land management in south-west Tanzania

The miombo woodlands of sub-Saharan Africa contain valuable wildlife populations, support the livelihoods of millions of people and contribute vital ecosystem services across local, national and international scales. Rapid conversion of woodland to agriculture is common, but knowledge gaps exist regarding what drives this land use change, how biodiversity responds, and how these responses affect the availability and accessibility of resources to communities. Such information is needed to make appropriate land use management decisions. This thesis aims to advance understanding by addressing these gaps using a case study from the Mbeya Region of south-west Tanzania, a remote region undergoing rapid land use change. An interdisciplinary, mixed methods approach was used to collect ecological and social data from the Kipembawe Division. The thesis provides new contemporary insights on the context and nature of rapid change in this area, demonstrating that cultivation of the main cash crop tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) is the significant driver of land use change. The thesis examines the impact that land cover change has on the availability of goods, services and biodiversity, providing new data on the interdependencies between local communities and woodland resources. The availability of crucial services such as firewood and water is perceived to be decreasing due to agricultural expansion and increased demand. Tree and butterfly species richness, abundance and diversity also decrease with increasing woodland utilisation; although an intermediate disturbance effect was identified, indicating that moderate levels of disturbance can be tolerated. Finally, the thesis draws together empirical insights and related studies to outline five contemporary challenges for the sustainable management of the miombo woodland landscape. These include the lack of knowledge about where the ecological ‘tipping point’ lies in relation to utilisation of miombo woodland, a lack of alternative livelihoods and products, high immigration rates, the remoteness of the area, and weak governance. To develop and implement sustainable land use management strategies an integrated landscape approach is suggested. Due to the ecological and social challenges identified land use management would need to be adaptive and encourage participation at differing governance levels, for which an adaptive co-management approach is appropriate.
The Effect of Psychodrama Group Intervention on the Anxiety Levels of Adolescents Preparing for the University Exams

Background: Anxiety about examinations has long been recognized as a pervasive and serious problem. Highly test anxious students report poorer mental health. Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of psychodrama group intervention on the anxiety levels of adolescents preparing for the university exam. Material and Method: The study was a pretest, posttest intervention study with a control group. In the intervention group, 8 of the students were female and four were male, and in the control group, 10 of them were female and 4 were male. The intervention group received a 12-week psychodrama group sessions and the control group received no intervention. Data were collected by using three major tools before and after the intervention period; Information Form Exam Anxiety Inventory, State and Trait Anxiety Inventory and Subjective Evaluation of Anxiety. Resuts: The difference was found to be statistically significant in the intervention group after the psychodrama group study in the perception score of state anxiety and test anxiety (p<0.001). The interaction effect is significant for the test anxiety total score of the scale (p <0.05). In the control group, it is seen that there is an increase in points against time and the experiment group there is a decrease. The effect size of this change is large (η2=0.227). Conclusion: After the psychodrama group ended in the intervention group, students' subjective evaluation of anxiety and state anxiety decreased meaningfully.
University of Birmingham HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer in the United Kingdom

A rising incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) incidence has occurred throughout the developed world, where it has been attributed to an increasing impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) on disease etiology. This report presents the findings of a multicenter cross-sectional retrospective study aimed at determining the proportion of HPV-positive and HPV-negative OPSCC within the United Kingdom (UK). Archival tumor tissue blocks from 1602 patients previously diagnosed with OPSCC (2002-2011) were collated from 11 centers. HPV status was determined with 3 validated commercial tests to provide valid data for 1474 cases in total. Corresponding national incidence data from the same decade were obtained from UK Cancer registries. The overall proportion of HPV+ OPSCC between 2002-2011 was 51.8% (95% CI:49.3, 54.4) and this remained unchanged throughout the decade (unadjusted risk ratio:1.00 (95% CI:0.99, 1.02). However, over the same period, the incidence of OPSCC in the broader UK population underwent a 2-fold increase (age standardised rate (ASR) 2002:2.1 (95% CI:1.9, 2.2); 2011:4.1(95% CI:4.0, 4.3)). Although the number of OPSCC diagnosed within the UK from 2002-2011 nearly doubled, the proportion of HPV+ cases remained static at ~50%. Our results argue that the rapidly increasing incidence of OPSCC in the UK cannot be solely attributable to the influence of HPV. The parallel increase in HPV+ and HPV-cases we documented warrants further investigation, so that appropriate future prevention strategies for both types of disease can be implemented.
FACTORS INFLUENCING RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY AMONG SMALLHOLDER LOWLAND RICE FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN NORTHERN GHANA

The ability of smallholder farmers to adapt to changing climatic conditions is crucial in achieving domestic and global food security. The study analysed the resilience of smallholder lowland rice farmers to climate variability and the factors influencing the resilience of smallholder rice systems in the Savelugu municipality of the northern region of Ghana. The data was obtained using a cross-sectional questionnaire administered to 241 households and focus group discussions. A multi-dimensional Climate resilience index (CRI) was calculated for household resilience and used to determine relevant factors influencing household resilience through multiple regression analysis. Overall household CRI averaged 0.49, with transformative capacity, a major contributor with an index of 0.69, while adaptive and absorptive capacities were 0.45 and 0.33, respectively. The resilience analysis shows that income and food access, regular access to health, reliable access to improved water, agroecological conditions, resource governance and access to basic services are essential to household resilience against climate variability. The regression analysis results suggest that farmers’ age, cropping diversity, households’ primary income, plot position, soil qu ality, flooding, market access and FBO membership influence household resilience to climate variability. To be effective, policies to improve smallholder farmer resilience to climate variability must include diverse strategies allowing farmers the flexibility of selecting a combination of strategies that suits their socioeconomic and contextual situations; depart from farm-specific and technology-centric interventions to include other value chain dimensions and must address the climatic and non-climatic stressors confronting farmers concurrently to achieve the desired impact.
Climatic Change of Sunshine Duration and Its Influencing Factors over Anhui Province during the Last 50 Years

Using the data of sunshine duration and cloud amount,surface vapor pressure,precipitation and visibility from 80 stations across the Anhui Province from year 1955 to 2005,the annual,seasonal and monthly trend and distribution variations of the sunshine duration are analyzed by using linear trend analysis and t-detected.The trend variation of meteorological factor of impacting on sunshine duration is analyzed.It was found that,the annual sunshine duration has shown a significant decreasing tendency during recent 50 years with a decreasing rate of 88.3h/10a.Except for no obvious trend in spring,the decreasing trend occurred in other seasons.Abrupt changes took place from the late 1960s to the early 1970s and in the late 1970s.Distribution of sunshine duration showed high in northern part and low in southern part.Except for increasing trend in Huaibei station,the decreasing trend occurred in other stations with the maximum decreasing trend in the western part of the Huaibei and the intermediate area of Huaihe River and Changjiang River.The decrease of sunshine duration is mainly caused by the significant increase in surface vapor pressure,precipitation,wet days and decreasing visibility.Visibility,surface vapor pressure,precipitation and cloud amount are factors influencing sunshine duration.The evolution of annual mean sum and low cloud amount in Anhui Province was shown to be insignificant and even in decline over the 45 years,exerting less influence on the decreasing trends in the annual sunshine duration.