Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering

This paper presents a novel approach to electrical machine current signature analysis based on wavelet transform of the stator current by using labview programming. The novelty of the proposed method lies in the fact that by using WT method the inherent non stationary nature of stator current can be accurately considered. The key characteristics of the proposed method are its ability to provide feature representations of multiple frequency resolutions for faulty modes, ability to clearly differentiate between healthy and faulty conditions, and its applicability to non-stationary signals. Successful implementation of the system for rotor bar breakage is demonstrated here . The condition monitoring of the electrical machines can significantly reduce the costs of maintenance by allowing the early detection of faults, which could be expensive to repair. The applied method is the wavelet transform which utilizes the results of the stator current. Keyword-Electrical machine, Mechanical fault, Wavelet transform, NI USB
A SURVEY ON MASS MOVEMENTS OF THE VULNERABLE PLAIN-POUCHED HORNBILL IN THE BELUM-TEMENGOR FOREST COMPLEX, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

Annually, hundreds of Plain-pouched Hornbills, Aceros subrufi collis, are seen in the Temengor Forest Reserve between the months of August and September. The Malaysian Nature Society (MNS), an environmental non-government organization (NGO), conducted a 64-day survey with assistance from volunteers to count the daily numbers of A. subrufi collis present at dawn and dusk during their mass movements over Pos Chiong. The Plain-pouched Hornbill fl ocks were observed heading north-east during the dawn surveys and south-west during the dusk surveys. The highest number of A. subrufi collis counted during the survey was 3,261 individuals whilst the lowest number was 595 individuals in a single count. This paper was presented at the 5 th International Hornbill Conference jointly organised by the National Parks Board (Singapore) and the Hornbill Research Foundation (Thailand), in Singapore on 22 nd -25 th March 2009.
International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering

166 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: B2243054214/2014©BEIESP  Abstract—Representation of distributed information, with a well defined meaning understandable for different parties, is the major challenge of Semantic Web. Several solutions have been built up. Use of Ontologies is one of the solutions to challenges faced by semantic web. This paper highlights importance of ontologies. This paper has three fold objectives. Firstly the paper throws light on how a semantic web based tool helps producing information using ontologies. Secondly, paper highlights the importance of ontology. Lastly a comparison of various tools for ontology development has been presented on various parameters
International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering

This paper describes the dynamical behavior of two different systems consisting of two preys and a predator. It also deals with the stability of tri-species community in the systems by means of both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The existence and local stability of the equilibrium points of the systems were analyzed. Harvesting activity in both prey and predator populations plays a significant role in controlling the spread of disease.
International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering

Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) has emerged as a hot topic in wireless communications. This is due to possible dramatic increase in reliability and capacity as compared to single antenna solution. In this project we are developing a MIMO System Performance Simulation (MSPS) tool by using MATLAB for making more realistic studies of MIMO systems. By using this simulator one can see the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the system and Minimum Mean Square Error of LMMSE estimator according to given Pilot to Data Power Ratio (PDPR), pilot schemes and based on two types of channel model correlated and non-correlated.
International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering

American Sign Language alpha-numeric character recognition without using any embedded sensor, color glove or without the constraints of an environment is a really difficult task. This paper describes a novel method of static sign recognition using a leap Motion sensor by obtaining feature set based on hand position, distance and angle between different points of hand. A feature set is later trained and tested using different classifiers like MLP (Multilayer Perceptron), GFFNN (Generalized Feed forward Neural Network), SVM (Support Vector Machine). We have collected dataset from 146 people including students of age 20-22 years and few elders age between 28-38 who have performed 32 signs resulting in total dataset of 4672 signs. Out of this 90% dataset is used for training and 10% dataset is used for testing/Cross validation. we have got maximum classification accuracy as 90% on CV/testing dataset using MLP Neural Network.
International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering

46 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: F1087112612/2013©BEIESP  Abstract— Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have attracted significant attention recently. The distributed estimation problem is an important research topic in WSNs. In the distributed estimation problem, the fusion center estimates an unknown parameter based on information gathered from sensors. Usually, it is assumed that sensors have identical gains. However, this may not be true due to manufacture errors or environmental influence. In this paper, we assume sensor gains follow normal distribution and present a maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) approach for distributed estimation in WSNs with normally distributed sensor gains. Moreover, the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) corresponding to this MLE approach is also derived. Simulation results showed that the root square mean (RMS) estimation errors given by this MLE approach were close to the CRLB if the variance of the sensor gains is small. If the variance of the sensor gains was large, the RMS estimation errors were not close to the CRLB.
FORMULATING A BUILDING CLIMATE CLASSIFICATION METHOD

Research experts participating in the International Energy Agency (IEA) Task 40 project on Net Zero Energy Buildings (Net ZEB) were asked to classify their countries climate. Six of the participating countries researchers categorised the residential and non-residential buildings, placed in the same location, into different climate zones. This indicated that a climate zoning for buildings that is based purely on the external climate conditions is not sufficient. This paper proposes an adjustment of the traditional approach to climate classification for buildings by utilising thermal simulation to formulate a building climate classification. This produces a climate indicator that is founded on the locations external conditions and a reference building‘s thermal performance.
Helium diffusion in natural zircon: Radiation damage, anisotropy, and the interpretation of zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronology

Accurate thermochronologic interpretation of zircon (U-Th)/He dates requires a realistic and practically useful understanding of He diffusion kinetics in natural zircon, ideally across the range of variation that characterize typically dated specimens. Here we present a series of date and diffusion measurements that document the importance of alpha dose, which we interpret to be correlated with accumulated radiation damage, on He diffusivity. This effect is manifest in both date-effective uranium (eU) correlations among zircon grains from single hand samples and in diffusion experiments on pairs of crystallographically oriented slabs of zircon with alpha doses ranging from ∼1016 to 1019 α/g. We interpret these results as due to two contrasting effects of radiation damage in zircon, both of which have much larger effects on He diffusivity and thermal sensitivity of the zircon (U-Th)/He system than crystallographic anisotropy. Between 1.2 × 1016 α/g and 1.4 × 1018 α/g, the frequency factor, D0, measured in the c-axis parallel direction decreases by roughly four orders of magnitude, causing He diffusivity to decrease dramatically (for example by three orders of magnitude at temperatures between 140 and 220 °C). Above ∼2 × 1018 α/g, however, activation energy decreases by a factor of roughly two, and diffusivity increases by about nine orders of magnitude by 8.2 × 1018 α/g. We interpret these two trends with a model that describes the increasing tortuosity of diffusion pathways with progressive damage accumulation, which in turn causes decreases in He diffusivity at low damage. At high damage, increasing diffusivity results from damage zone interconnection and consequential shrinking of the effective diffusion domain size. Our model predicts that the bulk zircon (U-Th)/He closure temperature (Tc) increases from about 140 to 220 °C between alpha doses of 1016 to 1018 α/g, followed by a dramatic decrease in Tc above this dose. Linking this parameterization to one describing damage annealing as a function of time and temperature, we can model the coevolution of damage, He diffusivity, and (U-Th)/He date of zircon. This model generates positive or negative date-eU correlations depending on the extent of damage in each grain and the date-eU sample's time-temperature history.
Ant colony optimization

A forage harvester includes four multiple-bladed rotary cutting segments positioned near a shearbar. Four proximity sensors are mounted in shearbar bores near each of the cutting segments, each including a permanent magnet and a sensing coil. Blade motion near the sensors produces an electrical signal in the sensing coils. The signals from each sensing coil are integrated, sampled and averaged. The largest average signal is conditioned and applied to an analog meter for display to a vehicle operator. Switch and logic circuits permit the operator to monitor only selected one or ones of the cutting segments.
Analysis of Micro-seismic Events Through Waveform Identification and Hypocenter Determination Around a Geothermal Field in West Java

We have carefully analyzed micro-seismic events during continuous recording for two years, in a geothermal field in West Java. The seismometer networks in this field record waveform signals not only from areas inside the field but also from outside i.e. regional events. First, in this study, we selected microseismic events occurring around the field, which have characteristics of short duration i.e. less than 10 seconds and the time difference of S-and P-wave arrival times less than 3 seconds. Second, we picked Pand S-wave arrival times of micro-seismic events manually. Third, we then determined the location of micro-seismic events using Geiger’s method with adaptive damping. These steps represent a basic task, which is very important for a routine analysis in seismology. Our results show some reliable patterns that are related to production, injection stimulation, and signature of local fault activities. The approach employed in this study can be used for advanced studies, such as double-difference event relocation, seismic tomography, waveform inversion, and shear wave splitting.
Ant Colony Optimization: An Advanced Approach to the Traveling Salesman Problem

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a widely studied computational problem. This paper walks through the process of designing and implementing an Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm to solve a TSP. We discuss the natural phenomenon behind ACO and how this is turned into an algorithm via pseudocode. The process of parameter selection, including a section in which each of the five variables 𝛼 , 𝛽 , 𝜌 , k, and Q , is highlighted with tests showing that these variables will produce locally optimal results (as far as our limited testing proves) when the cost function c = f( 𝛼 , 𝛽 , 𝜌 , k, Q) is set to c = f( .8, 2, .2, 100, 1000) . We compare ACO to both a Greedy and Branch-and-Bound approach to solving TSP and find that for problem size n ≤ 15, Branch-and-Bound performed slightly better than our ACO algorithm (82.47% of Greedy vs 85.62%). However, ACO performs significantly better (≥ 5% better) than Branch-and-Bound in problem sizes approximately 20-150. After 150, the two algorithms begin to converge to the Greedy algorithms results. Time and space complexity of both Greedy and ACO algorithms are discussed with the time complexity being O(n 3 ) and O(wkn 2 ) respectively, where n = number of cities , k = number of ants, and w = the rate of the ACO implementation’s convergence .
Hyperspectral Image Classification using Mutual Nearest Neighbour Clustering

Hyperspectral image classification is challenging to the high dimensionality brought by the huge number of spectral bands for a given spatial region. Classification of the spectral signatures is an approach to identify usage of land or identification of objects like roads, trees, agriculture lands and crops, buildings, etc. It is commonly noticed that hyperspectral images suffer from a labelling dilemma. Methods for classifying huge datasets in high dimensions have been developed more recently. This paper presents a novel approach to classify the hyperspectral imagery using Mutual Nearest Neighbor Clustering (MNNC). Using the full dimensionality of the pixel data, we compute a similarity matrix. The nearest neighbours are located using the similarity matrix, and dense points collection are discovered for each pixel. These are classified into three categories like noise, weak, and strong points. A homogeneity factor is computed to find clusters for these points. A greedy algorithmic approach is used to label each point into a cluster. The recommended method can produce better classification performance than some of the present methods, according to experimental findings based on numerous hyperspectral image data sets.
Prediction of East African Seasonal Rainfall Using Simplex Canonical Correlation Analysis

Abstract A linear statistical model, canonical correlation analysis (CCA), was driven by the Nelder–Mead simplex optimization algorithm (called CCA-NMS) to predict the standardized seasonal rainfall totals of East Africa at 3-month lead time using SLP and SST anomaly fields of the Indian and Atlantic Oceans combined together by 24 simplex optimized weights, and then “reduced” by the principal component analysis. Applying the optimized weights to the predictor fields produced better March–April–May (MAM) and September–October–November (SON) seasonal rain forecasts than a direct application of the same, unweighted predictor fields to CCA at both calibration and validation stages. Northeastern Tanzania and south-central Kenya had the best SON prediction results with both validation correlation and Hanssen–Kuipers skill scores exceeding +0.3. The MAM season was better predicted in the western parts of East Africa. The CCA correlation maps showed that low SON rainfall in East Africa is associated with cold SST.
DigitalCommons@UNO DigitalCommons@UNO

,indicatinglowerquittingintentionscomparedtothoselower in spirituality. Implications for theory and practice are discussed. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Preliminary Analysis of Effects of Evapotranspiration Distribution on Streamflow Generation in a Steep Headwater Catchment

We analyzed effects of evapotranspiration d stribution streamflow in a forested catch ment using a lumping model. The model was developed to understand the interrelation between components of water budget in two zones, source zone and hillslope zone. In this study, hydrological observations of precipitation, stream discharge, and soil moisture were conducted in a granitic steep headwater catchment inEtajima experimental forests, Hiroshima, Japan. We found a significant correlation between baseflow and saturation ofsource area. We analyzed effects of evapotranspiration on stand conditions onbaseflow by changing the transpi ration rate of each zone in the model. The results howed that (i) the annual trend of baseflow was strongly affected by evapotranspiration of the upper hillslope and (ii) the effects ofevapo transpiration f source zone on baseflow appeared only during the dry period. We conclude that it is important toestimate each stand type of evapotranspiration and its distribution for under standing baseflow generation i the steep forested catchments.
DigitalCommons@UNO DigitalCommons@UNO

—We employ a unique data set and new time-series techniques to reexamine the existence of trends in relative primary commodity prices. The data set comprises 25 commodities and provides a new historical perspective, spanning the seventeenth to the twenty-ﬁrst centuries. New tests for the trend function, robust to the order of integration of the series, are applied to the data. Results show that eleven price series present a signiﬁcant and downward trend over all or some fraction of the sample period. In the very long run, a secular, deteriorating trend is a relevant phenomenon for a signiﬁcant proportion of primary commodities.
DigitalCommons@UNO DigitalCommons@UNO

Agricultural activities in the Midwestern United States have potentially altered geochemical ﬂuxes within the critical zone (CZ) compared to native prairie systems that previously dominated the region. To quantify the impact of agricultural land use on soil and stream solute behavior, we are studying two watersheds in the region: Glacier Creek Preserve (GCP) in eastern Nebraska and the Intensively Managed Landscapes Critical Zone Observatory (IML-CZO) in eastern Iowa. Both watersheds were initially under agricultural land use for over 100 years
DigitalCommons@UNO DigitalCommons@UNO

—This paper reports on initial investigation of two emerging technologies, FaceFX and Smartbody, capable of creating life-like animations for embodied conversational agents (ECAs) such as the AVATAR agent. Real-time rendering and animation generation technologies can enable rapid adaptation of ECAs to changing circumstances. The beneﬁts of each package are discussed.
DigitalCommons@UNO DigitalCommons@UNO

While contributions of microglia and astrocytes are regularly studied in various injury models, how these contributions differ across development remains less clear. We previously demonstrated developmental differences in microglial pro ﬁ les across development in an injury model of the gustatory system. Nerves of the rat gustatory system have limited capacity to regenerate if injured during neonatal ages but show robust recovery if the injury occurs in adulthood. Using this developmentally disparate model of regenerative capacity, we quanti ﬁ ed microglia and astrocytes in the rostral nucleus of the solitary tract (rNTS) following transection of the gustatory chorda tympani nerve (CTX) of neonatal and adult rats. We found that neonatal CTX induced an attenuated microglia response but a larger astrocyte response compared to adult CTX. To elucidate the interplay between the microglia and astrocyte responses in the CTX model, we used our novel intraperitoneal injection protocol for the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622 to deplete microglia in the neonatal and adult rat brain prior to and after CTX. PLX5622 depleted microglia by 80 – 90% within 3 days of treatment, which increased to > 90% by 7 days. After 14 days of PLX5622 treatment, microglia were depleted by > 96% in both neonates and adults while preserving baseline astrocyte quantity. Microglia depletion eliminated the adult astrocyte response to CTX, while the neonatal astrocyte response after injury remained robust. Our results show injecting PLX5622 is a viable means to deplete microglia in neonatal and adult rats and suggest developmentally distinct mechanisms for astrogliosis following neural injury.
DigitalCommons@UNO DigitalCommons@UNO

: The privacy of users and information are becoming increasingly important with the growth and pervasive use of mobile devices such as wearables, mobile phones, drones, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Today many of these mobile devices are equipped with cameras which enable users to take pictures and record videos anytime they need to do so. In many such cases, bystanders’ privacy is not a concern, and as a result, audio and video of bystanders are often captured without their consent. We present results from a user study in which 21 participants were asked to use a wearable system called FacePET developed to enhance bystanders’ facial privacy by providing a way for bystanders to protect their own privacy rather than relying on external systems for protection. While past works in the literature focused on privacy perceptions of bystanders when photographed in public / shared spaces, there has not been research with a focus on user perceptions of bystander-based wearable devices to enhance privacy. Thus, in this work, we focus on user perceptions of the FacePET device and / or similar wearables to enhance bystanders’ facial privacy. In our study, we found that 16 participants would use FacePET or similar devices to enhance their facial privacy, and 17 participants agreed that if smart glasses had features to conceal users’ identities, it would allow them to become more popular.
DigitalCommons@UNO DigitalCommons@UNO

： This study examines the determinants of rural-urban migrant wages, paying special attention to the intra-network education spillover effect of the migrants’ social network in China. Using the new migrant sample of Rural Urban Migration in China (RUMiC) 2009 survey data, we find that the migrants’ social network does have a significant impact on their own earnings. In particular, we find evidence that there exists an education spillover effect of the migrants’ social network, which indicates that the education level of the migrants’ social network has a significant positive effect on their earnings. We also find that the education spillover effects differ with gender. The results are robust after considering the potential problem of endogeneity.
Acute Abdomen Synonym : acute abdominal pain

The term 'acute abdomen' represents a rapid onset of severe symptoms that may indicate life-threatening intra-abdominal pathology. Pain is usually a feature but is not always the case. A pain-free acute abdomen is more likely in the elderly, in children and in the third trimester of pregnancy. The differential diagnosis is extremely wide and definitive diagnosis is often difficult, particularly in primary care. This is due to the many different organs within the peritoneal cavity and the potential for referred pain. Abdominal pain is a common problem, ranking in the top three symptoms of patients presenting to accident and emergency departments, but only a few of those patients will have an acute abdomen. Management of the acute abdomen in primary care should focus on careful assessment to reach a differential diagnosis list, with close attention paid to symptoms and signs that may indicate a need to investigate the situation further in hospital. The clinical scenario can change rapidly and conclusions previously reached by you or your colleagues may need to be revised as events evolve. A failure to be open-minded and revise a previous diagnosis is often at the heart of medicolegal claims relating to patients with an acute abdomen. This article will concentrate on diagnosing the important causes of the acute abdomen in primary care/emergency department settings.