Revision of the genus Ocypode with the description of a new genus, Hoplocypode (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura)

A taxonomic revision of Ocypode Weber, 1795, has resulted in the recognition of a new genus, Hoplocypode containing a single species H. occidentalis (Stimpson, 1860) that is endemic to the East Pacific. Ocypode is now recognised to contain 21 valid species. Of these, one eastern Pacific, one western Atlantic, and two eastern Atlantic species tend to have widespread distributions within their respective regions. Conversely, many of the 17 Indo-Pacific species exhibit relatively restricted ranges. Only three of them, O. cordimanus, O. ceratophthalma and O. pallidula are widespread. Morphological features and their import ance in identification are discussed, and a key to all species is provided. q Ocypode, taxonomy, new genus, biogeography, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean. Species in the genus Ocypode are a common and conspicuous feature of tropical and sub tropical sandy beaches worldwide. This is the reason why specimens have been collected since early times, and there has been so much interest in studying them. However, there have long been problems in identifying some species, and there has been considerable confusion over the correct names to use. Some species were described from very few specimens and types have been subsequently lost, some have had confusion over their original labeling, or were attributed to vague or even wrong localities. Thus, the present world revision has, by necessity, attempted to carefully re-examine all earlier published specimens, including the types, as well as the extensive collections of the Sencken berg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum in Frankfurt am Main, and a number of other museums from around the world. We give complete keys, descriptions, and figures of all the species of the genus known to date to finally resolve problems in identification. Detailed descriptions and figures of the male Go1, and the female genital opening, have been provided for the first time for many species, and these have proved very important in helping to define species and genera, and in helping to understand their phylogenetic relationships. Abbreviations. c. = ca. ; Car = carapace; Go1 = Gonopod 1; Mxp3 = Maxilliped 3; P1 = pereio pod 1; P2–5 = pereiopods 2–5. The measurements of carapace length and width (CL/CW) in the descriptions of the species and the material lists are given in mm. AMS = Australian Museum, Sydney; IRSNB = Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles; MCM = Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano; MCG = Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova; MZT = Museo e Istituto di Zoologia sistematica dell'Univesitá di Torino; MBL = Museu Bocage Lisboa; MCZ = Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusets; MHNG = Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Genève; MI = Mauritius-Institute, Port Louis, Mauritius; Memoirs of the Queensland Museum — Nature  2013  56(2)  www.qm. qld.gov. au 665 Citation: Sakai, K. & Türkay, M. 2013 06 30. Revision of the genus Ocypode with the description of a new genus, Hoplocypode (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum — Nature 56(2): 665–793. Brisbane. ISSN 0079–8835. MNHN = Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris; MW = Museum Wiesbaden, Naturwissen schaftliche Sammlungen; MZUT = Zoological Museum of the Turin University; NHM = Natural History Museum, London; NHMB = Naturhistorisches Museum Basel; NHCY = National Natural History Collection Yemen (collection presently at Senckenberg, Frankfurt); NHMW = Naturhistorisches Museum Wien; NHRS = Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm; QM = Queensland Museum, Brisbane; RMNH = Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden [now ‘Naturalis’]; SMF = Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main; SNMNH = Saudi National Museum of Natural History (collection presently at Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main); USNM = U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C.; UZMK = Universitetets Zoologiske Museum, Køben havn; WAM = Western Australian Museum, Perth; ZRCNUS = Zoological Reference Collect ions, National University of Singapore; ZSI = Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta; ZSM = Zoologische Staatssammlung, München; ZMA = Zoologisch Museum Universiteit van Amster dam; ZMG = Zoologisches Museum Göttingen (on Permanent loan to Senckenberg); ZMH = Zoologisches Museum Hamburg; ZMK = Zoologisches Museum Kiel.