Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intervention with Intimate Partner Violence: Application of Attachment and Personality Disorders

The goal of this study was to examine the influence attachment theory and personality disorders have on the clinical interventions currently used with individuals who have committed intimate partner violence. Qualitative interviews were conducted with four professionals currently working with IPV perpetrators in group or individual therapeutic settings. Six themes were developed: (a) Multiple Risk Factors of IPV, (b) Societal Views on Perpetration and Victimization, (c) Mental Health Informed Intervention Options for IPV, (d) Training or Educational Background Dictating Conceptual Framework, (e) Trauma and (f) Negative Connotations of Personality Disorders. The findings of this small exploratory study suggest that while mental health has become a major component of IPV intervention, more can be done to address some of the mental health underpinnings of IPV, and more research needs to be done to identify the most effective methods to support that area of focus. INTERVENTION WITH INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE 3
Sigmoid gradient vector flow for medical image segmentation

Active contour model has a good performance in consecutive boundary extraction for medical images. The gradient vector flow (GVF) field is one of the most popular external forces that can increase the capture range and converge to concavities, although it is sensitive to image noise and easy to leak in weak edge. Here we propose a novel sigmoid gradient vector flow (SGVF) force model for improving contour performance. This novel external force field is insensitive to noises and may prevent the weak edge leakage. To further illustrate the advantages associated with the proposed GVF field formulation, synthetic images and real images are conducted when the proposed method is applied in ultrasound image and magnetic resonance image for suppressing noise and extracting the weak edges. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method leads to more accurate segmentation.
Effect of the Topology and Delayed Interactions in Neuronal Networks Synchronization

As important as the intrinsic properties of an individual nervous cell stands the network of neurons in which it is embedded and by virtue of which it acquires great part of its responsiveness and functionality. In this study we have explored how the topological properties and conduction delays of several classes of neural networks affect the capacity of their constituent cells to establish well-defined temporal relations among firing of their action potentials. This ability of a population of neurons to produce and maintain a millisecond-precise coordinated firing (either evoked by external stimuli or internally generated) is central to neural codes exploiting precise spike timing for the representation and communication of information. Our results, based on extensive simulations of conductance-based type of neurons in an oscillatory regime, indicate that only certain topologies of networks allow for a coordinated firing at a local and long-range scale simultaneously. Besides network architecture, axonal conduction delays are also observed to be another important factor in the generation of coherent spiking. We report that such communication latencies not only set the phase difference between the oscillatory activity of remote neural populations but determine whether the interconnected cells can set in any coherent firing at all. In this context, we have also investigated how the balance between the network synchronizing effects and the dispersive drift caused by inhomogeneities in natural firing frequencies across neurons is resolved. Finally, we show that the observed roles of conduction delays and frequency dispersion are not particular to canonical networks but experimentally measured anatomical networks such as the macaque cortical network can display the same type of behavior.
Identification of Opinions in Arabic Texts Using Ontologies

A powerful tool to track opinions in forums, blogs, e-business sites, etc., has become essential for companies, politicians as well as for customers, and that because of the huge amount of texts available which make the manual exploration more and more difficult and useless. In this paper, we present our approach of identification of opinions based on an ontological exploration of texts. This approach aims to study the role of domain ontologies and their contributions in the identification phase. In our approach, domain ontology and sentiments lexicon are needed as pre-requirements.
Integration of Novel Low-Cost Colorimetric, Laser Photometric, and Visual Fluorescent Techniques for Rapid Identification of Falsified Medicines in Resource-Poor Areas: Application to Artemether–Lumefantrine

The availability of falsified antimalarial drugs can be reduced with effective drug regulatory agencies and proper enforcement. Fundamental to these agencies taking action, rapid identification must be made as soon as they appear in the market place. Since falsified antimalarials occur mostly in developing countries, performing drug analysis presents itself with unique challenges. A fundamental factor in choosing a useful technique is affordability and simplicity. Therefore, we suggest a three-tiered drug evaluation strategy for identifying a falsified drug in resource-poor areas. Tier I is a simple comparison of a tablet's weight and dimensions with official specifications. Tier II uses inexpensive photometric devices (laser and fluorescence) to evaluate a tablet. Suspicious samples from Tier I and II assessments are then subjected to a colorimetric assay for active ingredients identification and quantification. In this article, we evaluate a novel colorimetric assay for the simultaneous assessment of both lumefantrine and artemether in co-formulated Coartem™ tablets, and integrate the method with two novel, low-cost, fluorescence and laser photometric devices. Image analysis software is used for the assessments. Although artemether–lumefantrine is used as an example, the strategy may be adapted to other medicines.
On the non-local geometry of turbulence

A multi-scale methodology for the study of the non-local geometry of eddy structures in turbulence is developed. Starting from a given three-dimensional field, this consists of three main steps: extraction, characterization and classification of structures. The extraction step is done in two stages. First, a multi-scale decomposition based on the curvelet transform is applied to the full three-dimensional field, resulting in a finite set of component three-dimensional fields, one per scale. Second, by iso-contouring each component field at one or more iso-contour levels, a set of closed iso-surfaces is obtained that represents the structures at that scale. The characterization stage is based on the joint probability density function (p.d.f.), in terms of area coverage on each individual iso-surface, of two differential-geometry properties, the shape index and curvedness, plus the stretching parameter, a dimensionless global invariant of the surface. Taken together, this defines the geometrical signature of the iso-surface. The classification step is based on the construction of a finite set of parameters, obtained from algebraic functions of moments of the joint p.d. f. of each structure, that specify its location as a point in a multi-dimensional ‘feature space’. At each scale the set of points in feature space represents all structures at that scale, for the specified iso-contour value. This then allows the application, to the set, of clustering techniques that search for groups of structures with a common geometry. Results are presented of a first application of this technique to a passive scalar field obtained from 5123 direct numerical simulation of scalar mixing by forced, isotropic turbulence (Reλ = 265). These show transition, with decreasing scale, from blob-like structures in the larger scales to blob- and tube-like structures with small or moderate stretching in the inertial range of scales, and then toward tube and, predominantly, sheet-like structures with high level of stretching in the dissipation range of scales. Implications of these results for the dynamical behaviour of passive scalar stirring and mixing by turbulence are discussed.
Psychological Science in the Public Interest Rethinking Giftedness and Gifted Education a Proposed Direction Forward Based on Psychological Science

For nearly a century, scholars have sought to understand, measure, and explain giftedness. Succeeding theories and empirical investigations have often built on earlier work, complementing or sometimes clashing over conceptions of talent or contesting the mechanisms of talent development. Some have even suggested that giftedness itself is a misnomer, mistaken for the results of endless practice or social advantage. In surveying the landscape of current knowledge about giftedness and gifted education, this monograph will advance a set of interrelated arguments: The abilities of individuals do matter, particularly their abilities in specific talent domains; different talent domains have different developmental trajectories that vary as to when they start, peak, and end; and opportunities provided by society are crucial at every point in the talent-development process. We argue that society must strive to promote these opportunities but that individuals with talent also have some responsibility for their own growth and development. Furthermore, the research knowledge base indicates that psychosocial variables are determining influences in the successful development of talent. Finally, outstanding achievement or eminence ought to be the chief goal of gifted education. We assert that aspiring to fulfill one's talents and abilities in the form of transcendent creative contributions will lead to high levels of personal satisfaction and self-actualization as well as produce yet unimaginable scientific, aesthetic, and practical benefits to society. To frame our discussion, we propose a definition of giftedness that we intend to be comprehensive. Giftedness is the manifestation of performance that is clearly at the upper end of the distribution in a talent domain even relative to other high-functioning individuals in that domain. Further, giftedness can be viewed as developmental in that in the beginning stages, potential is the key variable; in later stages, achievement is the measure of giftedness; and in fully developed talents, eminence is the basis on which this label is granted. Psychosocial variables play an essential role in the manifestation of giftedness at every developmental stage. Both cognitive and psychosocial variables are malleable and need to be deliberately cultivated. Our goal here is to provide a definition that is useful across all domains of endeavor and acknowledges several perspectives about giftedness on which there is a fairly broad scientific consensus. Giftedness (a) reflects the values of society; (b) is typically manifested in actual outcomes, especially in adulthood; (c) is specific to domains of endeavor; (d) is the result of the coalescing of biological, …
Microbe Associated Molecular Pattern Signaling in Guard Cells

Stomata, formed by pairs of guard cells in the epidermis of terrestrial plants, regulate gas exchange, thus playing a critical role in plant growth and stress responses. As natural openings, stomata are exploited by microbes as an entry route. Recent studies reveal that plants close stomata upon guard cell perception of molecular signatures from microbes, microbe associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), to prevent microbe invasion. The perception of MAMPs induces signal transduction including recruitment of second messengers, such as Ca2+ and H2O2, phosphorylation events, and change of transporter activity, leading to stomatal movement. In the present review, we summarize recent findings in signaling underlying MAMP-induced stomatal movement by comparing with other signalings.
VISTAnet and MICA: medical applications leading to the NCIH

Medical applications employing an ATM network have been under development with the VISTAnet and Medical Information Communication Application (MICA) trials in North Carolina. The extraordinary switching and transport capabilities of ATM networks represent an enabling technology for many health care applications. VISTAnet and MICA have provided early experience with the networks to support such applications. The NCIH will provide a public ATM platform to expand such efforts throughout North Carolina, and will ultimately provide universal access to a myriad of public information services. VISTAnet has enabled studies in high-speed computation and networking, along with real-time multidimensional imaging. As a result, a new dynamic radiation therapy planning process has been developed that promises to advance the state of the art for radiation treatment. This articles describes the early medical prototype applications of VISTAnet and MICA, and discusses some of the emerging medical applications to be implemented in the NCIH, based on the information learned in the VISTAnet and MICA trials. <<ETX>>
Fabp4-CreER lineage tracing revealstwo distinctive coronary vascular populations

Over the last two decades, genetic lineage tracing has allowed for the elucidation of the cellular origins and fates during both embryogenesis and in pathological settings in adults. Recent lineage tracing studies using Apln‐CreER tool indicated that a large number of post‐natal coronary vessels do not form from pre‐existing vessels. Instead, they form de novo after birth, which represents a coronary vascular population (CVP) distinct from the pre‐existing one. Herein, we present new coronary vasculature lineage tracing results using a novel tool, Fabp4‐CreER. Our results confirm the distinct existence of two unique CVPs. The 1st CVP, which is labelled by Fabp4‐CreER, arises through angiogenic sprouting of pre‐existing vessels established during early embryogenesis. The 2nd CVP is not labelled by Fabp4, suggesting that these vessels form de novo, rather than through expansion of the 1st CVP. These results support the de novo formation of vessels in the post‐natal heart, which has implications for studies in cardiovascular disease and heart regeneration.
Assessment of Normal Sagittal Alignment of the Spine and Pelvis in Children and Adolescents

Aim. We aimed to determine spinopelvic balance in 8–19-year-old-people in order to assess pelvic and spinal parameters in sagittal view. Methods. Ninety-eight healthy students aged 8–19 years, who lived in the central parts of Tehran, were assessed. Demographic data, history of present and past diseases, height (cm), and weight (kg) were collected. Each subject was examined by an orthopedic surgeon and spinal radiographs in lateral view were obtained. Eight spinopelvic parameters were measured by 2 orthopedic spine surgeons. Results. Ninety-eight subjects, among which 48 were girls (49%) and 50 boys (51%), with a mean age of 13.6 ± 2.9 years (range: 8–19) were evaluated. Mean height and weight of children were 153.6 ± 15.6 cm and 49.9 ± 13.1 kgs, respectively. Mean TK, LL, TT, LT, and PI of subjects were 37.1 ± 9.9°, 39.6 ± 12.4°, 7.08 ± 4.9°, 12.0 ± 5.9°, and 45.37 ± 10.7°, respectively. Conclusion. Preoperation planning for spinal fusion surgeries via applying PI seems reasonable. Predicating “abnormal” to lordosis and kyphosis values alone without considering overall sagittal balance is incorrect. Mean of SS and TK in our population is slightly less than that in Caucasians.
Inter-task communication via overlapping read and write windows for deadlock-free execution of cyclic task graphs

Multimedia applications process streams of values and can often be represented as task graphs. For performance reasons, these task graphs are executed on multiprocessor systems. Inter-task communication is performed via buffers, where the order in which values are written into a buffer can differ from the order in which they are read. Some existing approaches perform inter-task communication with first-in-first-out buffers and reordering tasks and require applications with affine index expressions. Other approaches communicate containers, in which values can be accessed in any order, such that a reordering task is not required. However, these containers delay the release of locations, which can cause deadlock in cyclic task graphs. In this paper, we introduce circular buffers with overlapping windows for deadlock-free execution of cyclic task graphs that may contain non-affine index expressions. Inside the windows, values can be written or read in an arbitrary order, such that a reordering task is not required. Deadlock is avoided by releasing a written location directly from the write window. The approach is demonstrated for the cyclic task graph of an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) receiver application, containing non-affine index expressions.
Bodywork: Tuning the Instrument of the Soul

Instrumental musicians are among groups of professionals at high risk for overuse injuries, including pain, fatigue, loss of range of motion, as well as loss of endurance and fine motor control [i] . Factors contributing to overuse injuries include, but not limited to, ergonomic errors and posture misalignment due to poor fit between instrument and musician, heavy instruments, as well as repetitive strain due to prolonged daily practice and/or performance [ii] . Massage therapy may target musician specific injuries by focusing on relaxing restrictive, overused muscles, enhancing circulation, and improving range of motion by increasing length of fascia and muscles, and breaking down adhesions [iii] .
Funky wall: presenting mood boards using gesture, speech and visuals

In our studies aimed at understanding design practice we have identified the creation of mood boards as a relevant task for designers. In this paper we introduce an interactive wall-mounted display system that supports the presentation of mood boards. The system allows designers to easily record their mood board presentations while capturing the richness of their individual presentation skills and style. Designers and clients can play back, explore and comment on different aspects of the presentation using an intuitive and flexible interaction based on hand gestures thus supporting two-way communication. The system records the presentation and organizes it into three information layers (i.e. gesture, sound and visuals), which are first used to segment the presentation into meaningful parts, and later for playback. Exploratory evaluations show that designers are able to use the system with no prior training, and see a practical use of the proposed system in their design studios.
1 What is complexity ? Is it increasing ?

Most people don’t need to be persuaded that the physical world is bewilderingly complex. Everywhere we look, from molecules to clusters of galaxies, we see layer upon layer of complex structures and complex processes. The success of the scientific enterprise over the last 300 years largely stems from the assumption that beneath the surface complexity of the universe lies an elegant mathematical simplicity. The spectacular progress in particle and atomic physics, for example, comes from neglecting the complexity of materials and focusing on their relatively simple components. Similarly, the amazing advances in cosmology mostly ignore the complications of galactic structure and treat the universe in a simplified, averaged-out, approximation. Such simplified treatments, though they have carried us far, sooner or later confront the stark reality that many everyday phenomena are formidably complex and cannot be captured by traditional reductionist approaches. The most obvious and important example is biology. The techniques of particle physics or cosmology fail utterly to describe the nature and origin of biological complexity. Darwinian evolution gives us an understanding of how biological complexity arose, but is less capable of providing a general principle of why it arises. “Survival of the fittest” is not necessarily “survival of the most complex”.
Singularities in the Bethe solution of the XXX and XXZ Heisenberg spin chains

We examine the question of whether Bethe's ansatz reproduces all states in the periodic Heisenberg XXZ and XXX spin chains. As was known to Bethe himself, there are states for which the Bethe momenta $k_n$ diverge: these are in fact the simplest examples of ``string'' solutions. The coefficients of the Bethe wavefunction, too, diverge. When there are only two down spins in the system (the case considered by Bethe), we can renormalize these coefficients to get a sensible (and correct) wavefunction. We show that this is not always possible when there are more than two down spins. The Bethe equations have several such divergent solutions, and some of these correspond to genuine eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian, but several do not. Nor do they reproduce the correct energy eigenvalues. Moreover, we point out that the algebraic Bethe ansatz, an alternative way to construct the wavefunctions proposed by Faddeev, Takhtajan et al., leads to vanishing wavefunctions for all these solutions. Thus, the Bethe ansatz solution of the Heisenberg model must be regarded as either incomplete, or inaccurate.
Prejudice at the Intersection of Ambiguous and Obvious Groups: The Case of the Gay Black Man

We often think of stigmatized individuals as encountering only one stereotype set at a time. Yet, many individuals belong to multiple stigmatized groups, and stereotypes associated with these groups jointly influence how perceivers evaluate targets. Research suggests that perceivers integrate stereotypes about targets’ obvious identities during impression formation; however, no work has examined whether targets’ obvious (e.g., race) and ambiguous (e.g., sexual orientation) identities jointly influence impressions. Given that gay stereotypes are activated automatically, I expected the co-activation of contradictory Black (e.g., aggressive) and gay (e.g., warm) stereotypes to arouse conflict, weakening activation of negative stereotypes and improving evaluations of Black gay targets compared with Black straight targets. Participants in Study 1 rated faces of White straight men as more likable than White gay men, but rated Black gay men as more likable than Black straight men. Participants in Study 2 performed a race-categorization task designed to make race salient; nevertheless, sexual orientation still influenced impressions, producing a pattern similar to Study 1. Participants in Studies 3A (approach-avoidance task) and 3B (evaluative priming task) formed implicit impressions that converged with the explicit evaluations in Studies 1 and 2. In 3A, participants approaching Whites responded faster to iii straights than gays, whereas participants approaching Blacks responded faster to gays than straights. In 3B, participants recognized positive words somewhat (but not significantly) faster when primed with White straight (versus White gay) and Black gay (versus Black straight) faces. Studies 4A – C suggest that ambiguous categories modify the activation of obvious stereotypes, but do not make targets’ features look less prototypical of their obvious groups. In 4B, participants were slower to recognize Black-stereotypic words (piloted in 4A) when primed with Black gay (versus Black straight) faces. In 4C, participants rated Black straight and gay faces as similarly prototypical of Black phenotypes. Taken together, this work presents implications for stereotyping in the case of multiply-categorizable targets and for impression formation involving ambiguous categories.