Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cysteine cathepsins: their role in tumor progression and recent trends in the development of imaging probes

Papain-like cysteine proteases bear an enormous potential as drug discovery targets for both infectious and systemic human diseases. The considerable progress in this field over the last two decades has also raised interest in the visualization of these enzymes in their native context, especially with regard to tumor imaging. After a short introduction to structure and general functions of human cysteine cathepsins, we highlight their importance for drug discovery and development and provide a critical update on the current state of knowledge toward their involvement in tumor progression, with a special emphasis on their role in therapy response. In accordance with a radiopharmaceutical point of view, the main focus of this review article will be the discussion of recently developed fluorescence and radiotracer-based imaging agents together with related molecular probes.
SELF-DISCLOSURE IN VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT: FACEBOOK

Facebook is still the most popular social media tool among all types of social networks. Besides having an influence on managing online relationships, Facebook may also be determinative of people’s relationships and interactions in their daily lives. Self-disclosure underpins the establishment and maintenance of interpersonal communication. Social networks, especially Facebook, allow people to comfortably self-disclose. The Uses and Gratifications Theory, which focuses on motives and gains related to the use of media, suggests that the use of social networks also motivates people in terms of meeting some of their social and psychological needs. In this sense, the most important motive may be described as self-disclosure. With its various spaces, Facebook allows people to share their emotions and thoughts about themselves and other people, and this gives them a sense of gratification by creating a real relationship perception in everyday life. As a result of self-disclosure behaviour, various needs, such as information sharing, entertainment, relaxation and social interactions, are satisfied through virtual environment. According to Social Information Theory, the rate of sharing personal information on social networks may be similar to/more than their everyday face-to-face interactions. This study analyzes different methods and ways of self-disclosure through Facebook. With this purpose in mind, the researchers aim to reveal the self-disclosure behaviours through the profiles of their Facebook friends based on pre-designated codes by utilizing qualitative content analysis method. Keywords : Facebook, self-disclosure, virtual environment.
Neonatal Restriction of Tactile Inputs Leads to Long-Lasting Impairments of Cross-Modal Processing

Optimal behavior relies on the combination of inputs from multiple senses through complex interactions within neocortical networks. The ontogeny of this multisensory interplay is still unknown. Here, we identify critical factors that control the development of visual-tactile processing by combining in vivo electrophysiology with anatomical/functional assessment of cortico-cortical communication and behavioral investigation of pigmented rats. We demonstrate that the transient reduction of unimodal (tactile) inputs during a short period of neonatal development prior to the first cross-modal experience affects feed-forward subcortico-cortical interactions by attenuating the cross-modal enhancement of evoked responses in the adult primary somatosensory cortex. Moreover, the neonatal manipulation alters cortico-cortical interactions by decreasing the cross-modal synchrony and directionality in line with the sparsification of direct projections between primary somatosensory and visual cortices. At the behavioral level, these functional and structural deficits resulted in lower cross-modal matching abilities. Thus, neonatal unimodal experience during defined developmental stages is necessary for setting up the neuronal networks of multisensory processing.
NeuroLens: Data‐Driven Camera Lens Simulation Using Neural Networks

Rendering with full lens model can offer images with photorealistic lens effects, but it leads to high computational costs. This paper proposes a novel camera lens model, NeuroLens, to emulate the imaging of real camera lenses through a data‐driven approach. The mapping of image formation in a camera lens is formulated as imaging regression functions (IRFs), which map input rays to output rays. IRFs are approximated with neural networks, which compactly represent the imaging properties and support parallel evaluation on a graphics processing unit (GPU). To effectively represent spatially varying imaging properties of a camera lens, the input space spanned by incident rays is subdivided into multiple subspaces and each subspace is fitted with a separate IRF. To further raise the evaluation accuracy, a set of neural networks is trained for each IRF and the output is calculated as the average output of the set. The effectiveness of the NeuroLens is demonstrated by fitting a wide range of real camera lenses. Experimental results show that it provides higher imaging accuracy in comparison to state‐of‐the‐art camera lens models, while maintaining the high efficiency for processing camera rays.
Manipulation Planning with Probabilistic Roadmaps

This paper deals with motion planning for robots manipulating movable objects among obstacles. We propose a general manipulation planning approach capable of addressing continuous sets for modeling both the possible grasps and the stable placements of the movable object, rather than discrete sets generally assumed by the previous approaches. The proposed algorithm relies on a topological property that characterizes the existence of solutions in the subspace of configurations where the robot grasps the object placed at a stable position. It allows us to devise a manipulation planner that captures in a probabilistic roadmap the connectivity of sub-dimensional manifolds of the composite configuration space. Experiments conducted with the planner in simulated environments demonstrate its efficacy to solve complex manipulation problems.
Terrain visualization and data discovery using lunar high-resolution laser altimeter data sets

NASA's latest space mission on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) has produced some of the largest publicly accessible Laser Altimeter data products available to date. The spatial density of these new data products are up to four times greater than laser altimeter data produced from previous space missions. However, partially due to the size, volume and density of the new altimeter data, current software tools provide only limited or no support for real-time cartographical projects, slope analysis, distance measurements or other analyses method critical to physiographic study of planetary systems. We discuss a novel software tool called mVTK, which facilitates the physiographic analysis of the Lunar surface using the newly acquired high resolution altimeter data products. Some of the features provided by m VTK include realtime cartographic projects, slope analysis, distance measurement and visual data discovery.
Resistant Starch, Physicochemical and Structural Properties of Bananas from Different Cultivars with an Effect of Ripening and Processing

The objective was to determine the functionalities of ‘Kluai Hom’, ‘Kluai Khai’, ‘Kluai Lebmuenang’ and ‘Kluai Namwa’ from the green and the green-to-yellow stages. Starch, fl our and fl ake samples were prepared and determined for resistant starch (RS), physicochemical and structural properties. Starch extraction showed the highest yield of 13.5% for Kluai Namwa and all starches from both stages had a very high RS. The starch of Kluai Namwa contained the highest RS of 77.3±1.1 to 81.1±0.4 g per 100g, while the drum-dried bananas had almost no RS. The rapid viscosity analyzer profi les showed a signifi cantly higher peak, fi nal and setback viscosities of the starches than the fl ours and the fl akes from both stages. Kluai Lebmuenang starches showed the highest peak (315.1 ± 0.7 to 318.5 ± 1.5 RVU) and fi nal (308.4 ± 2.3 to 375.5 ± 1.9 RVU) viscosities. The differential scanning calorimeter results showed that the starches from green bananas had similar thermal enthalpies from 17.1 ± 0.3 to 17.9 ± 0.2 J.g -1 , while Kluai Khai in the green-to-yellow stage had the lowest enthalpy of 16.0 ± 0.1 J.g -1 . Kluai Hom showed signifi cantly higher gelatinization temperatures than the others, as infl uenced by molecules of amylose and the more confi ned structure of the amylopectin crystallinity. The lowest gelatinization temperature of Kluai Lebmuenang was accounted for by its lowest relative crystallinity revealed by the X-ray diffractograms and all bananas exhibited typical B-crystallites. The electron micrographs of the starches showed irregularly shapes with elongated and oval forms and the surface looked quite smooth, but a slight blister was found only with the Kluai Hom starch.
An investigation of weight suppression in a population-based sample of female twins.

OBJECTIVE Weight suppression (WS), maintaining a body weight below one's maximum adult weight, is associated with bingeing, purging, and weight gain in clinical samples. METHOD We investigated associations between eating disorder-related variables and WS and additive genetic (A), common (C), and unique (E) environmental contributions to WS in a population-based sample of 1,503 female adult twins. RESULTS Modeling results were similar for participants reporting no binge eating (NBE) and those reporting binge eating plus loss of control (BE + LOC): 20-25% of the variance in WS was due to A and 70-75% due to E. Among NBE participants, restraint, drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and dieting during child/adulthood were related to WS. Restraint, disinhibition, and dieting during childhood were significantly associated with WS in the BE + LOC subsample. DISCUSSION Although maintaining lower body weight could be advantageous, interventionists should take care when addressing weight suppression in individuals vulnerable to eating disorder symptomatology.
Activity of mecillinam against ESBL producers in vitro.

Activity of mecillinam against ESBL producers in vitro K. Thomas, M. J. Weinbren*, M. Warner, N. Woodford and D. Livermore Department of Microbiology, Coventry and Warwickshire Hospital, University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire, Stoney Stanton Road, Coventry CV1 4FH, UK; Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring and Reference Laboratory, Centre for Infections, Health Protection Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK
“Malevolent, Callous, or Selfish”? Experiential Teaching and the Ethics of Student Deception

One of the greatest gifts of writing frequent editorials is the ability to discuss in a very timely way topics that arise within the management education community. A recent series of posts on the OBTS-L discussion list got us thinking (and talking) about trust and ethics in experiential teaching. The exchange began with a request for the name of an Academy of Management MED Best Paper winner that described an exercise in which instructors manipulate students to highlight the value of collective bargaining and union representation. The discussion list poster described a series of steps undertaken by the authors to create an experience that has the potential to replicate the collective organizing process. What intrigued us about the subsequent listserv exchange were postings that focused on the dynamics of the teacher–student relationship and assertions that there seemed to be something unethical about “fooling” students in the pursuit of learning. The first posted response questioned whether the learning purpose was worth the cost of the trust damage done to the students by the instructor (who frightened and angered them based on a deception), and another wondered whether the activity would “pass IRB. ” Once the article was identified, one post noted that the developers of the exercise, Daphne Taras and Piers Steel, talk specifically in their article about the trade-offs they faced with the approach and how they carefully manage their relationship with students (Taras & Steel, 2007). The major trade-off for
Fog Computing for Improving User Application Interaction and Context Awareness: Demo Abstract

New generations of cloud applications are increasingly complex and pose lower latency requirements. The latter is forcing the industry to reduce network latency by adding computation nodes near the edge of the network, also known as Fog Computing. To utilize the Fog nodes efficiently, the dynamic placement and migration of application components must be supported. To this end, a Fog-aware application programming and deployment framework, called Foglets, has been proposed. This demonstration shows how the Foglets framework can be easily used to deploy applications in the Fog Computing infrastructure: A video streaming application allows a moving user to continue watching a video on the closest available screen.
A boundary element method with surface conductive absorbers for 3-D analysis of nanophotonics

Fast surface integral equation (SIE) solvers seem to be ideal approaches for simulating 3-D nanophotonic devices, as these devices generate fields both in an interior channel and in the infinite exterior domain. However, many devices of interest, such as optical couplers, have channels that cannot be terminated without generating reflections. Generating absorbers for these channels is a new problem for SIE methods, as the methods were initially developed for problems with finite surfaces. In this thesis, we show that the obvious approach for eliminating reflections, making the channel mildly conductive outside the domain of interest, is inaccurate. We propose a new method in which the absorber has gradually increasing surface conductivity; such an absorber can be easily incorporated in fast integral equation solvers. We present two types of PMCHW-based formulations to incorporate the surface conductivity into the SIE method. The accuracy of the two-type formulations are examined and discussed using an example of the scattering of a Mie sphere with surface conductivities. Moreover, we implement two different FFT-accelerated algorithms for the periodic non-absorbing region and the non-periodic absorbing region. In addition, we use perturbation theory and Poynting’s theorem, respectively, to calculate the field decay rate due to the surface conductivity. We show a saturation phenomenon when the electrical surface conductivity is large. However, we show that the saturation is not a problem for the surface absorber since the absorber typically operates in a small surface conductivity regime. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the surface conductive absorber by truncating a rectangular waveguide channel. Numerical results show that this new method is orders of magnitude more effective than a volume absorber. We also show that the transition reflection decreases in a power law with increasing the absorber length. We further apply the surface conductive absorber to terminate a waveguide with period-a sinusoidally corrugated sidewalls. We show that a surface absorber that can perform well when the periodic waveguide system is excited with a large groupvelocity mode may fail when excited with a smaller group-velocity mode, and give an asymptotic relation between the surface absorber length, transition reflections and 3 group velocity. Numerical results are given to validate the asymptotic prediction. Thesis Supervisor: Jacob K. White Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Thesis Supervisor: Steven G. Johnson Title: Associate Professor of Mathematics
A fast hierarchical algorithm of maximum intensity projection

The maximum intensity projection (MIP) is a useful tool to visualize 3D images. The processing time of the MIP depends on the number of voxels of the 3D data. Therefore, it is very difficult to realize the MIP of the 3D medical image in real time. In order to overcome the large amount of computation for the MIP, we have developed a hierarchical MIP method that can perform the first-step MIP with sub-sampled image. At the second step, the low-resolution MIP image can be used to save the computation time of the full-resolution MIP image. The hierarchical MIP method was implemented and its computational complexity was analyzed.
Anorexia nervosa: a psychoanalytic commentary.

A discussion of "The Fear of Being Fat," by C. Philip Wilson, M.D. The view is presented that primary emphasis on sexual conflicts, especially Oedipal, as causative psychological factors in anorexia nervosa is a limiting and narrow view of the problem. The symptomatology and sexual and aggressive conflicts and fantasies, with the accompanying defenses, can best be understood within the framework of the process of separation of self from object and the seemingly insoluble dilemma in regard to the struggle to achieve a sense of separateness and individuality. This has its effects on the development of the body image, with its internalized symbolic representations of the environment, and through the body image on the ego, superego, and instinctual life. Anorexia nervosa is an expression of ego-defective development arising from varying degrees of failure to resolve the process of developing a sense of individuality. There result primitive aggression, archaic guilt, and great difficulties in establishing an integrated sense of sexual identity. Sexualization of all aspects of interpersonal relationships is fostered by intensification of the need for sensory stimulation, e.g., by touch, the fantasy of touch, by vision, and by oral fantasies and activities. This leads to intensification of defenses against overt sexual expression on all levels, as well as against primitive aggressive fantasies and guilt. The symbolic significance of various symptoms in anorexia nervosa is discussed.
A manifestação aversiva de racismo: dissociando crenças individuais e crenças culturais

As abordagens actuais do preconceito e racismo tem sugerido que as manifestacoes racistas, apesar de condenaveis a luz das normas vigentes, nao tem diminuido, o racismo surge agora com uma aparencia diferente (indirecta e subtil), mesmo naqueles que se declaram manifestamente anti-racistas (e.g. Gaertner & Dovidio, 1986; Dovidio & Gaertnes, 1998; Devine, 1989). A explicacao para este fenomeno parece passar pelo pressuposto da existencia de duas estruturas distintas de conhecimento: as crencas culturais (estereotipos) facilmente activadas, e as crencas individuais, apenas activadas em algumas circunstâncias (Devine, 1989). A natureza dos julgamentos subsequentes sera funcao da estrutura de conhecimentos que tiver sido activada. Esta hipotese foi abordada em dois estudos, um contextualizado ao nivel de comportamentos criminosos (Estudo 1) e outro ao nivel de transgressoes no emprego (Estudo 2). A activacao destas duas estruturas de conhecimento foi operacionalizada elo objectivo de processamento fornecido aos participantes, que ora se centrava no “que eu penso” ora no que “as pessoas em geral pensam”. Como esperado, a activacao das crencas culturais geraram respostas mais discriminatorias que as crencas individuais. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.17575/rpsicol.v16i2. 486
Mechanisms Involved in Cardiac Sensitization by Volatile Anesthetics: General Applicability to Halogenated Hydrocarbons?

An increased sensitivity of the heart to catecholamines or cardiac sensitization is a recognized risk during acute human exposure to halogenated hydrocarbons used as solvents, foam-blowing or fire-extinguishing agents, refrigerants, and aerosol propellants. Although cardiac sensitization to such “industrial” halocarbons can result in serious arrhythmia and death, research into its mechanistic basis has been limited, whereas the literature on volatile anesthetics (e.g., halothane, chloroform) is comparably extensive. A review of the literature on halocarbons and related volatile anesthetics was conducted. The available experimental evidence suggests that volatile anesthetics at physiologically relevant concentrations interact predominantly with the main repolarizing cardiac potassium channels hERG and IKs, as well as with calcium and sodium channels at slightly higher concentrations. On the level of the heart, inhibition of these ion channels is prone to alter both action potential shape (triangulation) and electrical impulse conduction, which may facilitate arrhythmogenesis by volatile anesthetics per se and is potentiated by catecholamines. Action potential triangulation by regionally heterogeneous inhibition of calcium and potassium channels will facilitate catecholamine-induced afterdepolarizations, triggered activity, and enhanced automaticity. Inhibition of cardiac sodium channels will reduce conduction velocity and alter refractory period; this is potentiated by catecholamines and promotes reentry arrhythmias. Other cardiac and/or neuronal mechanisms might also contribute to arrhythmogenesis. The few scattered in vitro data available for halocarbons (e.g., FC–12, halon 1301, trichloroethylene) suggest inhibition of cardiac sodium (conduction), calcium and potassium channels (triangulation), extraneuronal catecholamine reuptake, and various neuronal ion channels. Therefore, it is hypothesized that halocarbons promote cardiac sensitization by similar mechanisms as volatile anesthetics. Experimental approaches for further investigation of these sensitization mechanisms by selected halocarbons are suggested.
Implementation of CSA with Clone-Mutation Mechanism to the JSSP

—Job Shop scheduling problem (JSSP), which is called NP-Hard, is classified as one of the most difficult problems. Existing methods for the solution of such problems is not enough. Therefore, to solve such problems, some of the artificial intelligence techniques are used. In this study, clonal selection algorithm (CSA), which is one of artificial immune algorithms, is proposed to solve the job shop scheduling problems. In the proposed method the selection of a set of clone and mutation process of selected antibodies were carried out. This method is named after clone-mutation mechanism. The proposed method was applied on some test problems called as Ft06, La01, La03, La04 and La05. Furthermore, the application, in order to understand the effect of the mutation mechanism was executed with values ranging from 0 to 1, and the results are given in the Table VI. The results obtained are compared with the best known makespan values. As a result, the proposed method has been applied successfully in job shop scheduling problems.
A Taxonomy of Interrogation Methods

With a few notable exceptions, the research on interrogation, suspect interviewing, and intelligence collection has been predominantly focused on either broad categories of their methods (e.g., information gathering vs. accusatorial models) or very specific techniques (e.g., using open-ended questions, appealing to the source’s conscience). The broad categories, however, are not meaningful enough to fully describe the dynamic between interrogator and subject, whereas the specific techniques may be too detailed to understand and research the process of interrogation. To remedy this and advance the academic and operational fields, we identified 71 unique techniques and sorted them into six domains: Rapport and Relationship Building, Context Manipulation, Emotion Provocation, Collaboration, Confrontation/Competition, and Presentation of Evidence. The resulting three-level structure consisting of broad categories, the six domains, and specific techniques form a taxonomy of interrogation methods. In addition, we propose a testable model of how the domains may interact in the process of interrogation. The taxonomy and theoretical model offer heuristic devices for both researchers and practitioners searching for a parsimonious and more meaningful way to describe, research, and understand the interviewing and interrogation of those accused of wrong-doing or possessing guilty knowledge.