Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Apport de nouvelles techniques dans l’évaluation de patients candidats à une chirurgie d’épilepsie : résonance magnétique à haut champ, spectroscopie proche infrarouge et magnétoencéphalographie

Background: High-field 3.0 Tesla MR scanners provide an improved signal-to-noise ratio which can be translated in higher image resolution, possibly allowing critical detection of subtle epileptogenic lesions missed on standard-field 1.0-1.5T MRIs. In this study, the authors explore the potential value of re-imaging at 3.0T patients with refractory partial epilepsy and negative 1.5T MRI. Methods: We retrospectively identified all patients with refractory partial epilepsy candidate for surgery who had undergone a 3.0T MR study after a negative 1.5T MR study. High-field 3.0T MRIs were reviewed qualitatively by neuroradiologists experienced in interpreting epilepsy studies with access to clinical information. Relevance and impact on clinical management was assessed by an epileptologist. Results. Between November 2006 and August 2009, 36 patients with refractory partial epilepsy candidate for surgery underwent 3.0T MR study after a 1.5T MR study failed to disclose a relevant epileptogenic lesion. A potential lesion was found only in two patients (5.6%, 95% CI ; 1.5-18.1%). Both were found to have hippocampal atrophy congruent with other presurgical localization techniques which resulted in omission of an invasive EEG study and direct passage to surgery. Conclusions: The frequency of detection of a new lesion by re-imaging at 3.0T patients with refractory partial epilepsy candidate for surgery was found to be low, but seems to offer the potential of a significant clinical impact for selected patients. This finding needs to be validated in a prospective controlled study.
Nasal Diagrams: A Tool for Recording the Distribution of Nasal Lesions in Rats and Mice

Knowledge of patterns of lesion distribution can provide insight into the relative roles played by regional tissue dose and local tissue susceptibility in toxic responses to xenobiotics in the nose and assist assessment of potential human risk. A consistent approach is needed for recording lesion distribution patterns in the complex nasal airways of rats and mice. The present work provides a series of diagrams of the nasal passages of the Fischer-344 rat and B6C3F1 mouse, designed for mapping nasal lesions. The diagrams present each of the major cross-sectional airway profiles, provide adequate space for nasal mucosal lesion recording, and are suitable for duplication in a commercial photocopier. Sagittal diagrams are also provided to permit transfer oflesion location data observed in transverse sections onto the long axis of the nose. The distribution of lesions induced by a selected range of xenobiotics is presented. Approaches to application of the diagrams and interpretation of results obtained are discussed in relation to factors responsible for lesion distribution in the nose and their relevance to interspecies extrapolation. A modified approach to anatomical classification of the ethmoturbinates of the rodent is also presented.
Leveraging the Potential of Control-Flow Error Resilient Techniques in Multithreaded Programs

This paper presents a software-based technique to recover control-flow errors in multithreaded programs. Control-flow error recovery is achieved through inserting additional instructions into multithreaded program at compile time regarding to two dependency graphs. These graphs are extracted to model control-flow and data dependencies among basic blocks and thread interactions between different threads of a program. In order to evaluate the proposed technique, three multithreaded benchmarks quick sort, matrix multiplication and linked list utilized to run on a multi-core processor, and a total of 5000 transient faults has been injected into several executable points of each program. The results show that this technique detects and corrects between 91.9% and 93.8% of the injected faults with acceptable performance and memory overheads.
Rate controls in standard transport layer protocols

Flow control mechanisms in current datagram switching networks currently have several responsibilities, including avoiding congestion and avoiding overruns. In particular, networks and end-systems rely heavily upon the window mechanisms specified in current transport protocol standards such as TCP and TP4. These responsibilities will increase in future systems. This paper develops a connection model in order to assess the extent to which transport protocol data rates can be controlled using this available mechanism. Under very low delays, window-based flow control is not effective in slowing the rates at which a sender introduces data to the network or internetwork. Therefore, direct rate controls will be needed to enforce policies or to optimize performance across a variety of users and media.
A fast spectral estimation algorithm based on the FFT

A simple FFT-based algorithm for spectrum estimation is presented. The major difference between this and spectrum estimation using a single pass through the FFT is that the proposed algorithm is iterative and the FFT is used many times in a systematic may to search for individual spectral lines. Using simulated data, the proposed algorithm is able to detect mulitple sinusoids in additive noise. The algorithm is certainly better than the single pass FFT in separating closely spaced sinusoids. Finally the algorithm is applied to some experimental measurements to illustrate its properties. >
Thesis Analysis of Temporal Structure and Normality in Eeg Data Submitted by Analysis of Temporal Structure and Normality in Eeg Data

OF THESIS ANALYSIS OF TEMPORAL STRUCTURE AND NORMALITY IN EEG DATA The thesis examines normality and temporal correlation of samples in EEG data. Presented in the context of Bayesian classification, empirical results quantify the advantages of modeling the temporal information. A connection to the theoretical background of the underlying classifiers is also discussed. Using a five-task six-channel dataset, the experiments demonstrate that an increase in performance can be observed by simple consideration of multiple samples. Exploitation of temporal structure leads to additional improvement, but not always. The measurement of Normality is used to demonstrate an alternative to cross-validation, where each class is considered independently of the others. Artem Sokolov Department of Computer Science Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO 80523 Spring 2007
Swaying: Essays on Intercultural Love

In a world that is becoming increasingly small, where people frequently study, work, and live in cultures other than their own, it is not surprising that many people also make romantic commitments across cultural lines. This engaging anthology of literary non-fiction celebrates the creative potential of choosing diversity and explores in many voices the real-life social, cultural, and spiritual consequences of this choice. It is not a dry study that seeks to label and categorize intercultural relationships, nor is it a collection of fiction that seeks to create a dramatic backdrop for conflict or romance. These are the honest voices of women who have made commitments across national and cultural lines, who have moved toward the revitalizing and educating potential of such partnerships. The fifteen essays in this book, by women of different cultural and national backgrounds, are arranged as a narrative, with three sections reflecting the development of romantic relationships: first, courtship, commitment, and the discovery, celebration, and negotiation of differences; second, integrating marriage ceremonies, understanding and appreciating in-laws, and merging spiritual beliefs and lifestyles; and, finally, the long-term results and effects of intercultural partnerships. Intercultural couples struggle, quite often successfully, with the kinds of questions anyone who wants to live responsibly in a multicultural world must raise. They live, as we must all learn to do, in a place where multiple cultures find expression. These couples find themselves choosing not to choose between their cultures of origin; instead they move among cultures, between struggle and harmony, accepting what they canand negotiating what they cannot.
Unsupervised regionalization of the United States into landscape pattern types

ABSTRACT We present a pattern-based regionalization of the conterminous US – a partitioning of the country into a number of mutually exclusive and exhaustive regions that maximizes the intra-region stationarity of land cover patterns and inter-region disparity between those patterns. The result is a discretization of the land surface into a number of landscape pattern types (LPTs) – spatial units each containing a unique quasi-stationary pattern of land cover classes. To achieve this goal, we use a recently developed method which utilizes machine vision techniques. First, the entire National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) is partitioned into a grid of square-size blocks of cells, called motifels. The size of a motifel defines the spatial scale of a local landscape. The land cover classes of cells within a motifel form a local landscape pattern which is mathematically represented by a histogram of co-occurrence features. Using the Jensen–Shannon divergence as a dissimilarity function between patterns we group the motifels into several LPTs. The grouping procedure consists of two phases. First, the grid of motifels is partitioned spatially using a region-growing segmentation algorithm. Then, the resulting segments of this grid, each represented by its medoid, are clustered using a hierarchical algorithm with Ward’s linkage. The broad-extent maps of progressively more generalized LPTs resulting from this procedure are shown and discussed. Our delineated LPTs agree well with the perceptual patterns seen in the NLCD map.
NetworKIN: a resource for exploring cellular phosphorylation networks

Protein kinases control cellular responses by phosphorylating specific substrates. Recent proteome-wide mapping of protein phosphorylation sites by mass spectrometry has discovered thousands of in vivo sites. Systematically assigning all 518 human kinases to all these sites is a challenging problem. The NetworKIN database (http://networkin.info) integrates consensus substrate motifs with context modelling for improved prediction of cellular kinase–substrate relations. Based on the latest human phosphoproteome from the Phospho.ELM and PhosphoSite databases, the resource offers insight into phosphorylation-modulated interaction networks. Here, we describe how NetworKIN can be used for both global and targeted molecular studies. Via the web interface users can query the database of precomputed kinase–substrate relations or obtain predictions on novel phosphoproteins. The database currently contains a predicted phosphorylation network with 20 224 site-specific interactions involving 3978 phosphoproteins and 73 human kinases from 20 families.
Optimized closed-form power allocation for outage restricted cluster-based cooperative networks over Nakagami-m channels

Distributed MIMO or Cooperative transmission is an appropriate way to use in sensor networks that have constraint on energy consumptions. In this paper, we consider a minimum end to end (e-2-e) total power allocation while satisfying an e-2-e given maximum outage probability as the constraint for a cluster-based multi-hop cooperative network. To simplify this optimization problem, we apply some approximations and propose two power allocation schemes for these networks over Nakagami channels. We derive closed form equations for the maximum e-2-e outage probability, as well as for the power levels, which must be allocated to each node. The numerical results show that the solutions of these two closed-form power allocation schemes are near to optimum solution with the advantage of much lower complexity.
Does Staff See What Experts See? Accuracy of Front Line Staff in Scoring Juveniles’ Risk Factors

Although increasingly complex risk assessment tools are being marketed, little is known about “real world” practitioners’ capacity to score them accurately. In this study, we assess the extent to which 78 staff members’ scoring of juveniles on the California-Youth Assessment and Screening Instrument (CA-YASI; Orbis Partners, Inc., 2008) agree with experts’ criterion scores for those cases. There are 3 key findings. First, at the total score level, practitioners manifest limited agreement (M ICC = .63) with the criterion: Only 59.0% of staff scores the tool with “good” accuracy. Second, at the subscale level, practitioners’ accuracy is particularly weak for treatment-relevant factors that require substantial judgment—like procriminal attitudes (M ICC = .52)—but good for such straightforward factors as legal history (M ICC = .72). Third, practitioners’ accuracy depended on their experience—relatively new staff’s scores were more consistent with the criterion than those with greater years of experience. Results suggest that attention to parsimony (for tools) and meaningful training and monitoring (for staff) are necessary to realize the promise of risk assessment for informing risk reduction.
Mechanisms of Adaptation to Mean Light Intensity in the Chick Retina

Through adaptation, animals can function visually under an enormous range of light intensities. Adaptation to changes in light intensity takes place early, in the retina. One role of adaptation is to regulate the spatiotemporal tuning of retinal outputs via retinal ganglion cells. In my project, I used the optokinetic response (OKR) to characterize contrast sensitivity (CS) in the chick retina as a function of spatial frequency and temporal frequency at different mean light intensities. I first found that adaptation from light to dark caused a shift in tuning preference of CS (Chapter 2). In the daytime, photopic CS of the chick was tuned to spatial frequency; whereas in the nighttime, scotopic CS was tuned to temporal frequency. Later, I explored mechanisms that modulated spatiotemporal CS under different adaptational conditions (Chapter 3). Since dopamine (DA) and nitric oxide (NO) are putative light-adaptation messengers in the retina, I injected agents affecting DA and NO actions and gap junction coupling into the eyes (vitreous bodies) of dark-or light-adapted chicks. Finally, I investigated the role of cell-cell coupling, a downstream mediator of DA or NO actions in the retina, in adaptation. I demonstrated that the chick uses a similar strategy to that used by mammals, to adapt to ambient illumination; and that DA, NO, as well as cell-cell coupling are adaptation-sensitive modulators of spatiotemporal visual processing in the retina. Optokinetic CS is a rapid and noninvasive method for assessing retinal function, which can be manipulated rapidly, conditionally and reversibly by intravitreal injection of specific pharmacological agents. The chick's large eyes, and the similarities of control of light adaptation in chick and other species (e. g., mouse), make the chick a powerful new model for retinal research. iii Acknowledgements
The global burden of disease studies: tracking the progress of a moving train

Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences / Volume 23 / Issue 03 / September 2014, pp 259 262 DOI: 10.1017/S2045796014000353, Published online: 03 June 2014 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge. org/abstract_S2045796014000353 How to cite this article: O. Gureje (2014). The global burden of disease studies: tracking the progress of a moving train. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 23, pp 259-262 doi:10.1017/S2045796014000353 Request Permissions : Click here
How to Assess Metacognition in Infants and Animals

Brinck Q2 and Liljenfors present an interesting argument backed by developmental data that metacognition emerges from intersubjectivity: We maintain that intersubjectivity plays two distinct, yet complementary developmental roles. Intersubjectivity constitutes the foundation of, on the one hand, the awareness of mind and cognition, and on the other, the awareness of cognition about cognition, or metacognition.
Prediction of a New Cascaded Hybrid Multilevel Inverter with Less Device Count

Multilevel inverters have been opted for high power applications due to reduced harmonic distortion, less device voltage stress and modular structure. This work proposes new modified hybrid H-bridge multilevel inverter using auxiliary switch. This proposed inverter produces five levels output with five power devices and clamping diodes as a phase voltage and nine levels as a line voltage.The levels of the inverters are decided based on the phase voltage not on the line voltage. In this paper the performance of the proposed inverter are measured in terms of line voltage. However, by increase in the number of levels the proposed inverter with reduced number of switches produces low switching losses and improves the efficiency of the inverter. This method achieves the variation of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) in the inverter and output voltage is observed for various modulation indices. Simulation is performed using MATLAB-SIMULINK for line to line output voltage. Variable Amplitude Phase Disposition (VAPD) strategy provides output with relatively low distortion for all the strategies. It is also seen that VAPOD is found to perform better for all strategies since it provides relatively higher fundamental RMS output voltage.
Differentiating the Roles of the Hippocampus and Perirhinal Cortex in Processes beyond Long-Term Declarative Memory: A Double Dissociation in Dementia

There is increasing evidence to suggest that the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex may mediate processes beyond long-term declarative memory. We assessed patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or semantic dementia (SD) on a visual oddity judgment task that did not place an explicit demand on long-term memory and is known to be sensitive to hippocampal and perirhinal cortex lesions. Importantly, within the medial temporal lobe, AD is associated with predominant hippocampal atrophy, whereas SD patients have greater perirhinal cortex damage. The AD group was selectively impaired in oddity judgment for scenes, whereas the SD patients demonstrated a deficit in face oddity judgment only. This compelling double dissociation supports the idea that the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex may be critical for the processing of scenes and objects, respectively, in the domain of perception or very short-term working memory.
Does Unlabeled Data Provably Help? Worst-case Analysis of the Sample Complexity of Semi-Supervised Learning

We study the potential benefits of unlabeled data to classification prediction to the learner. We compare learning in the semi-supervised model to the standard, supervised PAC (distribution free) model, considering both the realizable and the unrealizable (agnostic) settings. Roughly speaking, our conclusion is that access to unlabeled samples cannot provide sample size guarantees that are better than those obtainable without access to unlabeled data, unless one postulates very strong assumptions about the distribution of the labels. In particular, we prove that for basic hypothesis classes over the real line, if the distribution of unlabeled data is ‘smooth’, knowledge of that distribution cannot improve the labeled sample complexity by more than a constant factor (e.g., 2). We conjecture that a similar phenomena holds for any hypothesis class and any unlabeled data distribution. We also discuss the utility of semi-supervised learning under the common cluster assumption concerning the distribution of labels, and show that even in the most accommodating cases, where data is generated by two uni-modal label-homogeneous distributions, common SSL paradigms may be misleading and inflict poor prediction performance.
Improving and Adapting Finite State Transducer Methods for Musical Accompaniment

A common area of research within music technology is the automatic generation of musical accompaniment. Of particular interest is the generation of harmonic accompaniment to melody. While there are many approaches to solving this problem, the use of various types of finite state machines is popular. One such finite state machine, the finite state transducer (FST), has been used in a few accompaniment generation systems. Although the FST is widely used in speech recognition, its application in accompaniment generation systems has been relatively unsophisticated. In this paper, we introduce an improved approach to generating harmonic accompaniment to melody based on techniques used in speech recognition. In addition, we describe how we extend this method to the generation of rhythmic accompaniment. Finally, we discuss the integration of these offline accompaniment systems into a real-time system.
One-Form Abelian Gauge Theory as the Hodge Theory

We demonstrate that the two (1+1)-dimensional (2D) free 1-form Abelian gauge theory provides an interesting field theoretical model for the Hodge theory. The physical symmetries of the theory correspond to all the basic mathematical ingredients that are required in the definition of the de Rham cohomological operators of differential geometry. The conserved charges, corresponding to the above continuous symmetry transformations, constitute an algebra that is reminiscent of the algebra obeyed by the de Rham cohomological operators. The topological features of the above theory are discussed in terms of the BRST and co-BRST operators. The super-de Rham cohomological operators are exploited in the derivation of the nilpotent (anti-)BRST, (anti-)co-BRST symmetry transformations and the equations of motion for all the fields of the theory, within the framework of the superfield formulation. The derivation of the equations of motion, by exploiting the super-Laplacian operator, is a completely new result in the framework of the superfield approach to BRST formalism. In an Appendix, the interacting 2D Abelian gauge theory (where there is a coupling between the U(1) gauge field and the Dirac fields) is also shown to provide a tractable field theoretical model for the Hodge theory.
Improved localization of phosphorylation sites in simian virus 40 large T antigen

The location of phosphorylation sites in the large T antigen of simian virus 40 has been studied both by partial chemical cleavage and by partial proteolysis of various forms of large T. These included the full-size wild-type molecule with an apparent molecular weight of 88,000, deleted molecules coded for by the mutants dl1265 and dl1263, and several shortened derivatives generated by the action of a cellular protease. These molecules differed from each other by variations in the carboxy-terminal end. In contrast, a ubiquitous but minor large T form with a molecular weight of 91,000 was found to be modified in the amino-terminal half of the molecule. In addition to the phosphorylation of threonine at position 701 (K.-H. Scheidtmann et al., J. Virol. 38:59-69, 1981), two other discrete domains of phosphorylation were recognized, one at either side of the molecule. The amino-terminal region was located between positions 81 and 124 and contained both phosphothreonine and phosphoserine residues. The carboxy-terminal region was located between approximate positions 500 and 640 and contained at least one phosphoserine residue but no phosphothreonine. The presence in the phosphorylated domains of large T of known recognition sequences for different types of protein kinases is discussed, together with possible functions of large T associated with these domains.