Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Transmission Lost for Energy Saving Glass with Different Sheet Resistance Values

Recently, energy saving glass is commonly applied in the modern engineered building. This is due to its advantages of keeping the heat inside the building in winter while rejecting the heat when in summer. The typical energy saving glass is made by applying a very thin metallic oxide such as silver oxide or tin oxide on one side of the float glass. But at the same time, it has the disadvantages of attenuates useful microwave frequencies that ranging from 0.8 2.2 GHz. The examples of the microwave frequency at this range are GSM mobile signal, GPS and personal communication. Frequency selective surface (FSS) has been introduced to overcome this drawback of energy saving glass. In this study, the transmission of the microwave signal is observed through the simulation using Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio. Bandpass frequency selective surface of cross dipole shape is used for the simulation. In the simulation, conductivity and electrical properties of glass and metal oxide thin film are important. The microwave transmission was evaluated at various sheet resistance of metal oxide thin film. The results show that the minimum transmission lost increased with the ohmic resistance increased. On the other hand, the peak frequency at various sheet resistance shows constant value at around 1.25-1.30 GHz. The full width half maximum of the microwave transmission increases with the sheet resistance value. The results suggest that FSS structured metal oxide thin film with lowest sheet resistance transmits more signal in the range for GSM phone signal.
Testing data transformations in MapReduce programs

MapReduce is a parallel data processing paradigm oriented to process large volumes of information in data-intensive applications, such as Big Data environments. A characteristic of these applications is that they can have different data sources and data formats. For these reasons, the inputs could contain some poor quality data that could produce a failure if the program functionality does not handle properly the variety of input data. The output of these programs is obtained from a number of input transformations that represent the program logic. This paper proposes the testing technique called MRFlow that is based on data flow test criteria and oriented to transformations analysis between the input and the output in order to detect defects in MapReduce programs. MRFlow is applied over some MapReduce programs and detects several defects.
The origin of Scorpius X-1

We have used multi-wavelength observations of high precision to derive the space velocity and compute the orbit around the Galactic Centre of the prototype X-ray binary Scorpius X-1. An origin in the local spiral arm of the Milky Way is ruled out. The galactocentric kinematics of Scorpius X-1 is similar to that of the most ancient stars and globular clusters of the inner Galactic halo. Most probably, this low-mass X-ray binary was formed by a close encounter in a globular cluster. However, it cannot be ruled out that a natal supernova explosion launched Scorpius X-1 into an orbit like this from a birth place in the galactic bulge. In any case, the Galactocentric orbit indicates that Scorpius X-1 was formed more than 30 Myrs ago.
The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex from Azotobacter vinelandii. 2. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the gene encoding the succinyltransferase component.

The nucleotide sequence encoding the succinyltransferase component (E2o) of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex from Azotobacter vinelandii has been determined. Previously the cloning in Escherichia coli of the gene encoding lipoamide dehydrogenase from A. vinelandii was reported [Westphal, A.H. & de Kok, A. (1988) Eur. J. Biochem. 172, 299-305]. The 3.2-kb fragment used for the sequence determination contained the main part of the gene encoding succinyltransferase. The complete E2o gene, as well as the gene encoding the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase component, resided on a 14.7-kb fragment from which the 3.2-kb fragment was subcloned. The protein-coding sequence of the gene consists of 1200 bp (400 codons, including the AUG start codon and the UGA stop codon). It is separated from the gene encoding the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase component by 42 bp. No E. coli-like promoter sequence was found. A putative ribosome-binding site is located 9-15 bp upstream from the start codon. No terminator sequences were found downstream of the stop codon. This makes it likely that the three genes of the oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex are transcribed as a single mRNA transcript analogous to the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in E. coli. The intact gene was subcloned from the 14.7-kb fragment and brought to high expression under the influence of the vector-encoded lacZ promoter. The similarity with the E. coli enzyme is high with 63% identity. Like the enzyme from E. coli, it consists of a single lipoyl-binding domain, a putative E1- and E3-binding domain and a catalytic domain. The main difference is found in a 31-residue sequence rich in alanine and proline located between the lipoyl domain and the putative E1- and E3-binding domain. This sequence, usually found in acetyltransferases and there identified as a highly mobile region by 1H-NMR, is replaced by a more polar, charged region in the E. coli enzyme.
Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Flexible Windows for Blast Protection

Abstract : The objective of this program was to fabricate a carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced transparent plastic composite for use as a material for window or as a laminate layer in the blast-resistant glazed window. This program focused exclusively on assembling CNTs into highly organized structures and using CNT assemblies as a filler to reinforce the transparent plastic materials. This program demonstrated that using a highly organized CNT assembly such as CNT yarns as filler was an efficient way to improve the properties of polymeric composite while keeping the transparency of the composite. The reinforcement was significant. When using PMMA (poly(methyl methacrylate)) as the polymeric matrix, the modulus and strength of the composite increased linearly with the increase of CNT content. For the 17 wt% CNT-containing PMMA/CNT-yarn composite, compared to the neat PMMA sheet, the tensile strength, modulus, and toughness of the composite had a 5-fold, 10-fold, and 8-fold improvement, respectively. The composite had more than 40% transmittance even when the CNT content was 9 wt%. The technology developed in this program can be applied to other polymeric matrices.
Effects of microstructure on the creep properties of the lead-free Sn-3.5Ag-Cu solders

The lead-free, Sn-3.5Ag and Sn-3.5Ag-0.7Cu alloys were prepared in two different forms; firstly, bulky as-cast alloys were cold rolled and thermally stabilized before the creep tests so that there would be very small amount of microstructural change during creep (TS), and secondary thin specimens were fast cooled from the melt (FC) to simulate microstructures of as-reflowed solders in flip chips. Cooling rates of the FC specimens ranged between 140 K/sec and 150 K/sec, and the resultant /spl beta/-Sn globule size was about 5/spl sim/10 times smaller than that of the TS specimens. Subsequent creep tests showed /spl sim/10/sup 2/ times lower /spl epsiv//sub min/ and /spl sim/10/sup 2/ times higher t/sub f/ for the FC specimens. Rupture time analyses based on the Kachanov equation proved to be accurate within a factor of three for all cases, however the model based on necking was good only for the TS specimens. Fractographic analyses raised a need to conduct creep tests with thicker specimens for the thin FC specimens.
Width Parameters Beyond Tree-width and their Applications

Besides the very successful concept of tree-width (see [Bodlaender, H. and Koster, A. (2007) Combinatorial optimisation on graphs of bounded treewidth. These are special issues on Parameterized Complexity]), many concepts and parameters measuring the similarity or dissimilarity of structures compared to trees have been born and studied over the past years. These concepts and parameters have proved to be useful tools in many applications, especially in the design of efficient algorithms. Our presented novel look at the contemporary developments of these ‘width’ parameters in combinatorial structures delivers—besides traditional tree-width and derived dynamic programming schemes—also a number of other useful parameters like branch-width, rank-width (clique-width) or hypertree-width. In this contribution, we demonstrate how ‘width’ parameters of graphs and generalized structures (such as matroids or hypergraphs), can be used to improve the design of parameterized algorithms and the structural analysis in other applications on an abstract level.
Metrics for design space exploration of heterogeneous multiprocessor embedded systems

This paper considers the problem of designing heterogeneous multiprocessor embedded systems. The focus is on a step of the design flow: the definition of innovative metrics for the analysis of the system specification to statically identify the most suitable processing elements class for each system functionality. Experimental results are also included, to show the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Characterization of susceptible chiasma configurations that increase the risk for maternal nondisjunction of chromosome 21.

Recent studies of trisomy 21 have shown that altered levels of recombination are associated with maternal non-disjunction occurring at both meiosis I (MI) and meiosis II (MII). To comprehend better the association of recombination with nondisjunction, an understanding of the pattern of meiotic exchange, i.e. the exchange of genetic material at the four-strand stage during prophase, is required. We examined this underlying exchange pattern to determine if specific meiotic configurations are associated with a higher risk of non-disjunction than others. We examined the crossover frequencies of chromosome 21 for three populations: (i) normal female meiotic events; (ii) meiotic events leading to MI non-disjunction; and (iii) those leading to MII non-disjunction. From these crossover frequencies, we estimated the array of meiotic tetrads that produced the observed crossovers. Using this approach, we found that nearly one-half of MI errors were estimated to be achiasmate. The majority of the remaining MI bivalents had exchanges that clustered at the telomere. In contrast, exchanges occurring among MII cases clustered at the pericentromeric region of the chromosome. Unlike the single exchange distributions, double exchanges from the non-disjoined populations seemed to approximate the distribution in the normal population. These data suggest that the location of certain exchanges makes a tetrad susceptible to non-disjunction. Specifically, this susceptibility is associated with the distance between the centromere and closest exchange. This result challenges the widely held concept that events occurring at MII are largely independent of events occurring at MI, and suggests that all non-disjunction events may be initiated during MI and simply resolved at either of the two meiotic stages.
Generalized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit

As a greedy algorithm to recover sparse signals from compressed measurements, orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm has received much attention in recent years. In this paper, we introduce an extension of the OMP for pursuing efficiency in reconstructing sparse signals. Our approach, henceforth referred to as generalized OMP (gOMP), is literally a generalization of the OMP in the sense that multiple <i>N</i> indices are identified per iteration. Owing to the selection of multiple “correct” indices, the gOMP algorithm is finished with much smaller number of iterations when compared to the OMP. We show that the gOMP can perfectly reconstruct any <i>K</i>-sparse signals (<i>K</i> >; 1), provided that the sensing matrix satisfies the RIP with δ<sub>NK</sub> <; [(√<i>N</i>)/(√<i>K</i>+3√<i>N</i>)]. We also demonstrate by empirical simulations that the gOMP has excellent recovery performance comparable to <i>l</i><sub>1</sub>-minimization technique with fast processing speed and competitive computational complexity.
A Multi-faceted Browsing Interface for Digital Photo Collections

Managing photos by using visual features (e.g., color and texture) is known to be a powerful, yet imprecise, retrieval paradigm because of the semantic gap problem. The same is true if search relies only on keywords (or tags), derived from either the image context or user-provided annotations. In this paper we present a new multi-faceted image search and browsing system, named Scenique, that allows the user to manage her photo collections by using both visual features and tags, possibly organized into multiple dimensions (or facets). Each facet can be seen as a coordinate of a multidimensional space describing the image content (for example, the visual appearance, the content type, the geographic location, and so on). We present the basic principles of Scenique and provide evidence of the effectiveness of its visual tools. Feedback supplied by a set of real users indicates that the proposed interface is intuitive, easy-to-use, and that satisfies users' expectations in managing photo collections and quickly locating images of interest.
A Novel Current-Source Gate Driver for Ultra-Low-Voltage Applications

In this paper, a new current-source driver (CSD) is proposed, which consists of two control switches, an inductor, and a capacitor. This driver has some important features such as significant reduction of switching losses due to quick turn-on and turn-off of power switch at transition times, noise immunity, considerable gate drive loss reduction due to gate energy recovery, zero-voltage switching in the drive switches, low number of components, and simplicity of its control circuit. Compared to other CSDs, the introduced circuit has one special advantage, which is useful for low-voltage circuits such as microprocessor applications and power transmission circuits for neural implants. In this CSD, the voltage level of the MOSFET input capacitance rises to more than the gate drive power supply voltage. The proposed gate drive is analyzed and an 800-kHz prototype is implemented to validate the features of the proposed circuit.
An end-to-end industrial software traceability tool

Traceability is an important aspect of software development that is often required by various professional standards and government agencies. Yet current industrial approaches do not typically address end-to-end traceability. Moreover, many industry projects become entangled in process overhead and fail to derive much benefit from current traceability solutions. This paper presents a successful end-to-end software traceability tool developed at Wonderware, a software development company and a business unit of Invensys Systems, Inc. This process-oriented approach achieves comprehensive traceability and supports the entire software development life cycle by focusing on both requirements traceability and process traceability. We offer new perspectives in analyzing the problem as well as general traceability guidelines. These guidelines have emerged from the experience of implementing and deploying the traceability tool within actual company constraints. We discuss encouraging results and point to the advantages gained in using our approach.
Pathogenesis of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) refers to a heterogeneous group of lung disorders in infants that is commonly associated with prematurity and surfactant deficiency. BPD results from the complex interplay between impairments in the premature lung such as surfactant deficiency, perinatal insults such as infection, and damage resulting from supportive care of the infant due to barotrauma or volutrauma from mechanical ventilation and oxygen toxicity from supplemental oxygen administration. These factors result in chronic inflammation in the infant lung with recurring cycles of lung damage and repair that may impair alveolarization and vascularization in the developing lungs. As our insight in how to treat BPD improves along with the ability to do so with developing technology and therapies, the underlying pathogenesis will also change. The term ‘new’ BPD is now commonly used, to describe the changes seen in the post-surfactant era. This discussion reviews the pathogenesis of BPD according to the current medical literature.
OnTheFly: a database of Drosophila melanogaster transcription factors and their binding sites

We present OnTheFly (http://bhapp.c2b2.columbia.edu/OnTheFly/index.php), a database comprising a systematic collection of transcription factors (TFs) of Drosophila melanogaster and their DNA-binding sites. TFs predicted in the Drosophila melanogaster genome are annotated and classified and their structures, obtained via experiment or homology models, are provided. All known preferred TF DNA-binding sites obtained from the B1H, DNase I and SELEX methodologies are presented. DNA shape parameters predicted for these sites are obtained from a high throughput server or from crystal structures of protein–DNA complexes where available. An important feature of the database is that all DNA-binding domains and their binding sites are fully annotated in a eukaryote using structural criteria and evolutionary homology. OnTheFly thus provides a comprehensive view of TFs and their binding sites that will be a valuable resource for deciphering non-coding regulatory DNA.
Uncoupling of T Cell Receptor Zeta Chain Function during the Induction of Anergy by the Superantigen, Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A

Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins have immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we show that Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) induces a strong proliferative response in a murine T cell clone independent of MHC class II bearing cells. SEA stimulation also induces a state of hypo-responsiveness (anergy). We characterized the components of the T cell receptor (TCR) during induction of anergy by SEA. Most interestingly, TCR zeta chain phosphorylation was absent under SEA anergizing conditions, which suggests an uncoupling of zeta chain function. We characterize here a model system for studying anergy in the absence of confounding costimulatory signals.
Photonic bandgap analysis based on the dynamical diffraction theory and its application to multilayer structures

Photonic band gap Crystals (PhC) are usually analyzed using the analogy between photon propagation in artificial periodic structures and electron wave propagation in real crystals. The forbidden band of photons is regarded as equivalent to the energy gap that electrons experience in crystals because of the periodic potential. On the other hand, electron propagation and electromagnetic wave diffraction in periodic solids, respectively developed into band-theory and Dynamical Diffraction Theory (DDT), are formally identical. It appears therefore natural to perform an analysis of the features of an electromagnetic phenomenon, as the PBG, in analogy to the most direct antecedent electromagnetic theory, the DDT, that historically has also represented the direct reference for the derivation of the band-theory of electrons. In this communication, we introduce an analysis of the features of PhCs in analogy with the DDT, underlining the differences between DDT classical application to the x-ray diffraction from real crystals and that from artificial crystals at optical wavelengths. In particular, the high contrast of material refractive indices in PhC makes inapplicable some approximations generally used in x-ray diffraction analysis. Moreover, we discuss in which cases DDT has to be generalized in order to overcome such limitations. The theoretical derivation carried out is validated by the good agreement with the experimental results obtained for very simple 1D photonic crystals, such as porous silicon multilayers and silicon nitride multilayers. The generalization of the proposed approach to the case of 2D and 3D photonic crystals is also discussed.
EFFECT OF MIXES MADE OF COAL BOTTOM ASH AND FLY ASH ON THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH AND POROSITY OF PORTLAND CEMENT

New additions to the cement are needed to achieve a more sustainable and durable construction material. Within this context, bottom ashes can be used as a main constituent of Portland cements when it is mixed in an optimized proportion with fly ashes. The mechanical characteristics of standarized mortars made of mixes of pulverized coal combustion bottom and fly ashes are studied. The mortars were made of ordinary Portland cement (CEM I 42.5 N) and mixes of bottom ashes with fly ashes in similar proportions to those of CEM II/A-V, CEM II/B-V and CEM IV/A (V). Summing up, it can be said that the utilization of bottom ashes mixed with fly ashes in replacement levels from 0% to 100% do not affect significantively on the mechanical caracteristics of the mortars considered in the present study which had an addition maximum content of 35%.
Augmenting a Semantic Verb Lexicon with a Large Scale Collection of Example Sentences

本論文では, 述語項構造解析の精度向上のために必要となる大規模な項構造タグ付き事例を効率的に作成する方法について議論する. 項構造タグ付き事例の効率的な作成方法にはさまざまな方法が考えられるが, 本論文では大規模平文コーパスから抽出した表層格パターンの用例集合をクラスタリングし, 得られたクラスタに項構造タグを付与することでタグ付与コストを削減する手法を提案する. 提案手法では, (i) 表層格パターン同士の類似性と (ii) 動詞間の類似性という2種類の類似性を利用してクラスタリングを行う. 評価実験では, 実際に提案手法を用いて8つの動詞の項構造タグ付き事例を作成し, それを用いた項構造解析の実験を行うことによって, 提案手法のクラスタリングの性能や, 人手でタグ付き事例を作成するコストと項構造解析精度の関係を調査した.
Diaphragmatic function after intense exercise in congestive heart failure patients

Respiratory muscle strength and endurance is reduced in patients with congestive heart failure, making these patients susceptible to diaphragmatic fatigue during exercise. In order to determine whether or not contractile fatigue of the diaphragm occurs in patients with congestive heart failure following intense exercise, twitch transdiaphragmatic pressures (twitch Ptdi) were measured during unpotentiated and potentiated cervical magnetic stimulation (CMS) of the phrenic nerves before and at intervals after cycle endurance exercise. Ten patients aged 65.7±6.0 yrs (mean±sd) with an ejection fraction of 31.2±9.8% performed a constant-load symptom-limited exercise test at 60% of their peak work capacity. Twitch Ptdi at baseline were 15.9±6.3 cmH2O (unpotentiated CMS) and 28.8±10.7 cmH2O (potentiated CMS) and at 10 min postexercise were 16.4±4.7 cmH2O (unpotentiated CMS) and 27.6±10.1 cmH2O (potentiated CMS). One patient demonstrated a sustained fall in twitch Ptdi of ≥15%, considered potentially indicative of diaphragmatic fatigue. Contractile diaphragmatic fatigue is uncommon in untrained patients with congestive heart failure following high-intensity constant-workload cycle exercise. Therefore, diaphragmatic fatigue is an unlikely cause of exercise-limitation during activities of daily living in heart failure patients.