Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TGFR2 is a major target of miR-93 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma aggressiveness.

Background: MiR-17-92 cluster and its paralogues have emerged as crucial regulators of many oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Transforming growth factor-β receptor II (TGF β R2), as an important tumor suppressor, is involved in various cancer types. However, it is in cancer that only two miRNAs of this cluster and its paralogues have been reported so far to regulate TGF β R2. MiR-93 is oncogenic, but its targetome in cancer has not been fully defined. The role of miR-93 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) still remains largely unknown. Methods: We firstly evaluated the clinical signature of TGF β R2 down-regulation in clinical samples, and next used a miRNA expression profiling analysis followed by multi-validations, including Luciferase reporter assay, to identify miRNAs targeting TGF β R2 in NPC. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to further investigate the effects of miRNA-mediated TGF β R2 down-regulation on NPC aggressiveness. Finally, mechanism studies were conducted to explore the associated pathway and genes influenced by this miRNA-mediated TGF β R2 down-regulation. Results: TGF β R2 was down-regulated in more than 50% of NPC patients. It is an unfavorable prognosis factor contributing to clinical NPC aggressiveness. A cluster set of 4 TGF β R2-associated miRNAs was identified; they are all from miR-17-92 cluster and its paralogues, of which miR-93 was one of the most significant miRNAs, directly targeting TGF β R2, promoting cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo . Moreover, miR-93 resulted in the attenuation of Smad-dependent TGF-β signaling and the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway by suppressing TGF β R2, further promoting NPC cell uncontrolled growth, invasion, metastasis and EMT-like process. Impressively, the knockdown of TGF β R2 by siRNA displayed a consentaneous phenocopy with the effect of miR-93 in NPC cells, supporting TGF β R2 is a major target of miR-93. Our findings were also substantiated by investigation of the clinical signatures of miR-93 and TGF β R2 in NPC. Conclusion: The present study reports an involvement of miR-93-mediated TGF β R2 down-regulation in NPC aggressiveness, thus giving extended insights into molecular mechanisms underlying cancer aggressiveness. Approaches aimed at blocking miR-93 may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for treating NPC patients.
Zooplankton spatial and temporal distribution in an equatorial estuary (Amazon littoral, Brazil)

ABSTRACT Palma, M.B. , Costa, K.G. da, Magalhães, A. , Flores Montes, J., Pereira, L.C. C. and Costa, R.M. da, 2013. Zooplankton it gl spatial and temporal distribution in an equatorial estuary (Amazon littoral, Brazil). In: Conley, D.C., Masselink, G. , Russell, P.E. and O'Hare, T.J. (eds.) Few data are available on the zooplankton communities of the Amazonian littoral zone. Given this, the present study investigated the structure and spatial-temporal variation in these organisms in the Taperaçu estuary. Samples were taken at three different stations during neap flood tides in rainy and dry seasons. Samples were taken from the subsurface water with a plankton net coupled to a flowmeter. Additional water samples were collected from the sub-surface in order to determine the chlorophyll-a concentrations. Salinity and pH were measured in situ. The lowest salinity (3.25) was recorded in the innermost station in February (2011), favouring the development of a number of oligohaline species, such as Bosmina sp. , Daphnia sp. , and Diaphanossoma sp. The highest salinity recorded at this station was 27.88. A total of 68 taxa were identified. The copepods were the most important group. Oithona oswaldocruzi and Acartia lilljeborgii were the predominant species in the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. The highest mean zooplankton densities were recorded during the rainy season at the innermost station (4,459,354.58±7,666,682.09 ind.m−3). While the Taperaçu estuary was dominated by saline waters throughout the study period, both coastal and estuarine species were able to develop during the rainy season. A limited freshwater pulse was observed in the rainy season, when adjacent marshes fed into the estuary, indicating that salinity (influenced by rainfall rates) was the main factor controlling the composition and density of the local zooplankton community.
COMMON-POOL RESOURCES - A CHALLENGE FOR LOCAL GOVERNANCE Experimental Research in Eight Villages in the Mekong Delta of Cambodia and Vietnam

We use field experiments to study underlying strategic actions Cambodian and Vietnamese natural resource users take in regard to voluntary contribution to a public good and appropriation of common-pool resources. Two experimental games were implemented to investigate the importance of communication, leadership and monitoring on resource users' strategies in regard to co-operative natural resource use. This paper presents findings regarding cooperation levels of players in eight villages in Cambodia and Vietnam. We compare results between the countries, draw conclusions from the experimental outcomes, and make suggestions for further research.
Gill proteome networks explain energy homeostasis during salinity stress in Oreochromis mossambicus

Acclimations of Oreochromis mossambicus to elevated salinity were conducted with multiple rates of salinity increase and durations of exposure to determine the rate-independent maximum salinity limit and the incipient lethal salinity. Quantitative proteomics of over 3000 gill proteins simultaneously was performed to analyze molecular phenotypes associated with treatments representative of key zones in the salinity-level x duration matrix. For this purpose, a species-and tissue-specic data-independent acquisition (DIA) assay library of MSMS spectra was created. From these DIA data, protein networks representing complex molecular phenotypes associated with salinity acclimation were generated. Organismal performance indicators of salinity tolerance were then correlated with salinity-regulated protein networks. O. mossambicus was determined to have a wide “zone of resistance” from approximately 75g/kg salinity to 120g/kg, which �sh survive for a limited period with eventual loss of function. Crossing the critical threshold salinity into the zone of resistance corresponds with blood osmolality increasing beyond 400 mOsm, signi�cantly reduced body condition factor, and cessation of feeding. Gill protein networks impacted at extreme salinity levels both above and below the critical salinity threshold include increased energy metabolism, especially upregulation of electron transport chain proteins, and regulation of speci�c osmoregulatory proteins. Cytoskeletal, cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix proteins are enriched in regulation network patterns that are sensitive to the critical salinity threshold. Network analysis of these patterns provides deep insight into speci�c mechanisms of energy homeostasis during salinity stress.
Assessing Tropospheric Correction Models for InSAR Used to Monitor Ground Deformation: A Case Study in Zhejiang Province, China

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a powerful and cost-effective technology to monitor ground deformation. Its accuracy is highly in�uenced by the atmospheric characteristic of the monitoring area. Separating the true ground deformation from atmospheric signals remains one of the major challenges in the application of InSAR. In this paper, the phase-based linear model, high spatial-resolution weather model (MERRA-2 and GACOS) and combination of MERRA-2 and phase-based linear model selected, and their performances in reducing the Tropospheric delay are assessed based on detrending standard deviation (DStd) of all Persistent Scattered (PS) points. A framework for the assessment is proposed and applied to a selected region of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China. 26 Sentinel-1A images are used and processed by the method of PS-InSAR. It is found that the phase-based linear model outperforms the other models by at least 6.6% if the whole monitoring time span of the SAR images in the study area are considered. The proper tropospheric correction model in different seasons is not the same. The phase-based linear model is robust against the variations of atmospheric characteristics of the four seasons.
MIT Open Access Articles Ten years of genetics and genomics: what have we achieved and where are we heading?

To celebrate the first 10 years of Nature Reviews Genetics , we asked eight leading researchers for their views on the key developments in genetics and genomics in the past decade and the prospects for the future. Their responses highlight the incredible changes that the field has seen, from the explosion of genomic data and the many possibilities it has opened up to the ability to reprogramme adult cells to pluripotency. The way ahead looks similarly exciting as we address questions such as how cells function as systems and how complex interactions among genetics, epigenetics and the environment combine to shape phenotypes
The buffering effects of virtual coachingduring crisis: A quasi-experimental study ofchanges in well-being, work, and socialoutcomes before and during the COVID-19pandemic

We examined the buffering effects of virtual coaching during the COVID-19 pandemic.Through a pre-post quasi-experimental design, we compared change in well-being, socialbehaviour, and work outcomes for coached and non-coached samples (n = 1,005). We foundthat post-COVID outcomes were generally more positive for those who received coaching:they experienced positive gains in optimism, life satisfaction, authenticity, and productivitywhile those who did not receive coaching experienced a decline in those outcomes. Further,those who received coaching experienced larger growth in resilience and social connection.Changes in work engagement did not differ by group. © 2022. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching and Mentoring. All Rights Reserved.
Females don’t always sing in response to male song, but 1 when they do, they sing to males with higher pitched songs 2

18 The long-held view that bird song is exclusively a male trait has been challenged 19 recently by a number of studies and reviews highlighting the prevalence of female 20 song. In spite of that, there remains a lack of knowledge on the function of female 21 song, with most evidence thus far focusing on females performing duets with males in 22 courtship displays, typically for joint territory defence or mate guarding purposes. 23 Here we show in a tracheophone suboscine passerine Formicarius moniliger , a 24
'enseignement supérieur Post-Secondary Student Belonging in a Virtual Learning Environment During COVID-19

Psychological and social adjustment and academic success in post-secondary institutions are supported by a sense of belonging to a social group and having meaningful relationships with other students, staff, and faculty members. This exploratory study used a qualitative approach to investigate post-secondary students’ sense of belonging in the virtual learning environment during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted at a small Western Canadian university. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants who were undergraduate students
Chromosomal Instability in Pathogenesis and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer

Background: Colorectal cancers are characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations. This study aimed to explore the timing of promoter methylation and relationship with mutations and chromosomal alterations in colorectal carcinogenesis. Methods: In a series of 47 nonprogressed adenomas, 41 progressed adenomas (malignant polyps), 38 colorectal carcinomas and 18 paired normal tissues, we evaluated promoter methylation status of hMLH1, O 6 MGMT, APC, p14 ARF , p16 INK4A , RASSF1A, GATA-4, GATA-5 , and CHFR using methylation-specifi c PCR. Mutation status of TP53, APC and KRAS were studied by p53 immunohistochemistry and sequencing of the APC and KRAS mutation cluster regions. Chromosomal alterations were evaluated by comparative genomic hybridization. Results: Our data demonstrate that nonprogressed adenomas, progressed adenomas and carcinomas show similar frequencies of promoter methylation for the majority of the genes. Normal tissues showed signifi cantly lower frequencies of promoter methylation of APC, p16 INK4A, GATA-4 , and GATA-5 (P-values: 0.02, 0.02, 1.1 x 10 -5 and 0.008 respectively). P53 immunopositivity and chromosomal abnormalities occur predominantly in carcinomas (P values: 1.1× 10 -5 and 4.1 × 10 -10 ). Conclusions: Since promoter methylation was already present in nonprogressed adenomas without chromosomal alterations, we conclude that promoter methylation can be regarded as an early event preceding TP53 mutation and chromosomal abnormalities in colorectal cancer development. be explained by the fact that in 6 of the 18 pairs (33.3%) the carcinomas part showed microsatellite instability, data not shown. In 5 of these 6 pairs, the carcinoma as well as the paired normal tissue showed hMLH1 methylation). In 8 of the 9 pairs in which normal tissue showed hMLH1 promotermethylation, carcinoma tissue was methylated as well. In 6 cases a difference in methylation was present of which in 5 cases hMLH1 was methylated in the carcinomas while unmethylated in the paired normal mucosa. Comparable patterns were observed for promoter methylation of O 6 MGMT, RASSF1A and CHFR . More difference between paired carcinomas and normal tissues were observed for p14 ARF methylation. In 4 of the 9 cases in which a difference within pairs was observed, normal tissue displayed gene methylation while p14 ARF was not methylated in the corresponding carcinomas.
Selection of Bands for Secondary Metabolites in R. Arboreum using Hyperspectral Data

Monitoring and management of threatened, and medicinally important floral species in the complicated terrain are challenging and thus need advanced technological development. In this study, hyperspectral bands selected from radiometer data were used to identify sensitive bands for the marker compound at the genus level which could be upscaled to a larger scale for precise monitoring. Rhododendron is one of the keystone altitudinal species which is used for such purposes. Rhododendron arboreum flower is reported to be effective as a diuretic, choleretic, chronic diarrhoea, and anti-irritable bowel syndrome therapy. Its leaves are often used as a substitute for another famous plant drug Rohitaka. R. Arboreum, a tree species whose hyperspectral data were acquired in the complicated terrain in different regions of the Western Himalayas by sampling. Secondary metabolite (marker biomedicinal compound) was measured using chromatographic techniques and corresponding wavebands on their hyperspectral signature were identified using several sophisticated filtering techniques to denoise and select the desired feature with feature selection algorithms. Two band combination was developed using these identified wavebands for the secondary metabolite concentration estimation (Quer.) which provided satisfactory results for the same.Since these compounds are metabolic products, multiple aspects such as edaphic, biochemical, and topographic factors need to be assessed in determining the variation in the flavonoid content accordingly. Along with sensor-based hyperspectral band combination information was tested together with statistical unfolding approaches to understanding the influencing factors for flavonoids in the montane region. The result implies that R. arboreum developed band combinations based on selected wavebands only to determine the desired secondary metabolite concentration. On spectra, its values do not coincide with any other primary metabolite found in the R. arboreum. Hence the hyperspectral data are suitable for the estimation of phytochemical compounds. This will help in precise long-term mapping and monitoring of this species at a spatial scale without reciprocating any lab-scale technique each time.
Evaluating YOLO Models for Grape Moth Detection in Insect Traps

The grape moth is a common pest that affects grapevines by consuming both fruit and foliage, rendering grapes deformed and unsellable. Integrated pest management for the grape moth heavily relies on pheromone traps, which serve a crucial function by identifying and tracking adult moth populations. This information is then used to determine the most appropriate time and method for implementing other control techniques. This study aims to find the best method for detecting small insects. We evaluate the following recent YOLO models: v5, v6, v7, and v8 for detecting and counting grape moths in insect traps. The best performance was achieved by YOLOv8, with an average precision of 92.4% and a counting error of 8.1%.
Analysis and Validation on The Impact of Constellation Configuration over Multistatic Sar Images

Multistatic SAR offers a potential solution to overcome the limitations of conventional monostatic architectures. The imaging performance of multistatic SAR is greatly influenced by the observation geometry. However, due to the high degree of freedom, designing an efficient constellation is challenging. Through simulations, it has been confirmed that optimal image quality can be achieved by forming a seamless Doppler spectrum with an appropriate baseline value for the Along-Track Formation. Furthermore, the enhanced imaging performance of a well-designed multistatic constellation has been demonstrated by simulating distributed targets in complex terrains.
Interplay of Surface Passivation and Electric Field in Determining ESD Behaviour of p-GaN Gated AlGaN/GaN HEMTs

In this paper, the electric field dependence of ESD robustness of p-GaN gated HEMTs is presented. The tuning parameter Al% in the bilayer AlxTi1-xO/SiO2 passivation is used to modulate the distribution of the electric field. The ESD robustness of the devices was observed to increase when the electric field intensity close to the gate edge decreased. Two distinct failure modes associated with field distribution are revealed by leakage behavior, electroluminescence microscopy and SEM imaging of ESD-damaged devices. Devices with higher electric field peaks close to the gate edge show a sudden rise in TLP leakage at snapback and are subject to gate-driven failures. Alternatively, devices with suppressed peak intensity have gradual increase in leakage after snapback, higher ESD robustness, and experience a drain to source driven failure mechanism.
Design of Remote Control Algorithm for Robot Arm Based on RBF Neural Network

The robot arm is a complex structure with multiple degrees of freedom. The forward and inverse kinematics of the robot arm must be calculated when the robot arm is remotely controlled. However, due to the special nature of the environment in which space robotic arms are remotely controlled, such as free floating and weightlessness, the difficulty of designing space robotic arm remote control has greatly increased. It is difficult to directly promote the remote control method of ground fixed base robotic arms. At the same time, how to apply remote control theory and methods to minimize the energy consumption of the driving system to protect the environment has become one of the key issues in research. In this regard, this article designs a remote control algorithm for the robotic arm based on RBFNN (RBF Neural Network), and establishes a mechanical borrowing remote control system in the article to adjust the operating speed of the robotic arm in real-time. Finally, simulation examples were used to verify that the method proposed in this paper has relatively high accuracy, stable network, good prediction performance, and good universality after network training. It can be seen that the adaptive control scheme based on RBF neural network adopted in this article can effectively remotely control the joints of the robotic arm to accurately complete the desired motion.
Pocketqube L-Band RFI Detection Payload

In the last decades, the number of wireless devices has notably increased, and improper RF filtering has resulted in an increase in Radio Frequency Interference (RFI). At L-band this is due to a plethora of reasons: from VHF/UHF harmonics, higher frequency band (e.g. WiFi boosters) emissions, or even intentional RFI created by Personal Privacy Devices (PPD), all these have resulted in a degradation of both Active and Passive Microwave Remote Sensing [1], [2]. Almost simultaneously, there has been an explosion of smallsats, notably following the CubeSat and PocketQube [3] form factors, both being excellent hands-on project topics for introducing students into the aerospace domain [4]. In these circumstances, the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing (GRSS) Open PocketQube Kit [5] initiative was started. The goal is to develop a set of flight ready Picosatellites with Earth Observation payloads complete with assembly, integration and testing tutorials and video tutorials. Each of these PocketQubes, while identical in all other regards, will house different Remote Sensing oriented payloads. One of them, and the focus of this work, is a L-band (1-2 GHz) Radio Frequency Interference Monitor, notably for the L1, L2 and L5-bands of GNSS [6] systems, and the 1400-1427 Mhz band reserved for passive observations.
Multi-Spectral Super-Resolution of Thermal Infrared Data Products for Urban Heat Applications

We evaluate recent developments in deep-learning based Single-Image Super Resolution (SISR) on two multi-spectral datasets in the setting of urban heat analysis. The datasets target a Land Surface Temperature (LST) product and top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) LWIR radiance, respectively. In doing so, we demonstrate the potential of generative modeling approaches, particularly a Super Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (SRGAN), to increase the spatial resolution of thermal data products. We extend the original SRGAN model with additional bands from the visible optical spectrum to increase the spatial resolution up to four times and estimate the model’s predictive uncertainty. This Multi-Spectral Super Resolution (MSSR) approach yields increases in Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR) of 3dB to 6dB when compared against bicubic upsampling, which is comparable with proceedings in state-of-the-art Multi-Image Super Resolution (MISR) [1]. We further discuss the transferability to other sensors and the limitations of using this approach.
Spatiotemporal Patterns and Influencing Factors Of Soil Moisture At A Global Scale

Soil moisture (SM) is influenced by changes in meteorological elements and vegetation, as well as by environmental heterogeneity. Due to the prevalence of extreme events in the past two decades, this complexity is growing in the 21st century. In this study, the global spatiotemporal trend of SM and its possible influencing factors were investigated by using the satellite-based ESA CCI SM from 2000-2021. The results reveal global SM generally declines at a rate of -1×10-4 m3m-3yr-1, dominated by a drying trend in the southern hemisphere. From a global perspective, the driving force of precipitation and vegetation on SM fluctuation is stronger than that of temperature. Different environmental variables (e.g., land cover, soil texture, and terrain) have different regulatory effects on SM changes. In contrast to other types, there are general wetting trends of SM in croplands, savannas, forests, loam soils, and high elevations (> 1000 m). The response of SM to temperature and vegetation is greatly limited under barren and forests, respectively. The impact of temperature on SM is enhanced with increasing clay content or decreasing sand content. The high positive correlation between precipitation and SM is rarely influenced by environmental factors compared to temperature and vegetation.