Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flush+Flush: A Stealthier Last-Level Cache Attack

Research on cache attacks has shown that CPU caches leak significant information. Recent attacks either use the Flush+Reload technique on read-only shared memory or the Prime+Probe technique without shared memory, to derive encryption keys or eavesdrop on user input. Efficient countermeasures against these powerful attacks that do not cause a loss of performance are a challenge. In this paper, we use hardware performance counters as a means to detect access-based cache attacks. Indeed, existing attacks cause numerous cache references and cache misses and can subsequently be detected. We propose a new criteria that uses these events for ad-hoc detection. These findings motivate the development of a novel attack technique: the Flush+Flush attack. The Flush+Flush attack only relies on the execution time of the flush instruction, that depends on whether the data is cached or not. Like Flush+Reload, it monitors when a process loads read-only shared memory into the CPU cache. However, Flush+Flush does not have a reload step, thus causing no cache misses compared to typical Flush+Reload and Prime+Probe attacks. We show that the significantly lower impact on the hardware performance counters therefore evades detection mechanisms. The Flush+Flush attack has a performance close to state-of-the-art side channels in existing cache attack scenarios, while reducing cache misses significantly below the border of detectability. Our Flush+Flush covert channel achieves a transmission rate of 496 KB/s which is 6.7 times faster than any previously published cache covert channel. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work discussing the stealthiness of cache attacks both from the attacker and the defender perspective.
Detection, Properties, and Frequency of Local Calcium Release from the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum in Teleost Cardiomyocytes

Calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) plays a central role in the regulation of cardiac contraction and rhythm in mammals and humans but its role is controversial in teleosts. Since the zebrafish is an emerging model for studies of cardiovascular function and regeneration we here sought to determine if basic features of SR calcium release are phylogenetically conserved. Confocal calcium imaging was used to detect spontaneous calcium release (calcium sparks and waves) from the SR. Calcium sparks were detected in 16 of 38 trout atrial myocytes and 6 of 15 ventricular cells. The spark amplitude was 1.45±0.03 times the baseline fluorescence and the time to half maximal decay of sparks was 27±3 ms. Spark frequency was 0.88 sparks µm−1 min−1 while calcium waves were 8.5 times less frequent. Inhibition of SR calcium uptake reduced the calcium transient (F/F0) from 1.77±0.17 to 1.12±0.18 (p = 0.002) and abolished calcium sparks and waves. Moreover, elevation of extracellular calcium from 2 to 10 mM promoted early and delayed afterdepolarizations (from 0.6±0.3 min−1 to 8.1±2.0 min−1, p = 0.001), demonstrating the ability of SR calcium release to induce afterdepolarizations in the trout heart. Calcium sparks of similar width and duration were also observed in zebrafish ventricular myocytes. In conclusion, this is the first study to consistently report calcium sparks in teleosts and demonstrate that the basic features of calcium release through the ryanodine receptor are conserved, suggesting that teleost cardiac myocytes is a relevant model to study the functional impact of abnormal SR function.
Novel Aurora/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor dual kinase inhibitor as treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma

We previously identified Aurora B kinase as the only independent factor predictive of the aggressive recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this preclinical study, JNJ‐28841072, a novel Aurora/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor dual kinase inhibitor, was evaluated for treatment of HCC. In vitro and in vivo effects of JNJ‐28841072 were analyzed using human HCC cell cultures and xenograft models. An orthotopic liver xenograft model was used for the pharmacobiological effects on Aurora kinase and vascularization in hepatic tumors. JNJ‐28841072 suppressed in vitro phosphorylation of histone H3 with induction of cell polyploidy and death in a dose‐dependent manner (IC50 = 0.8–1.2 μM). In s.c. human HCC xenografts, remarkable inhibition of tumor growth was observed after JNJ‐28841072 treatment (P = 0.0005). In orthotopic liver xenografts, the treatment with JNJ‐28841072 significantly suppressed in vivo phosphorylation of histone H3 (P = 0.0008), vessel formation (P = 0.018), normoxic area (P = 0.0001), and hepatoma growth (P = 0.038). Our preclinical studies indicate that JNJ‐28841072 is a promising novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of HCC. It might be worthy of evaluation in further studies.
Collaborative User Number Selection Based on Saturation Throughput and Sensing Performance

The number of collaborative users in a cognitive radio network is selected by maximizing the effective throughput of the cognitive radio network that considers both the spectrum-sensing performance and the saturation throughput performance. Numerical results show that the optimum number of collaborating users depends on the physical-layer techniques used, the physical channel conditions, and the upper-layer network parameters. These results give useful guidance on choosing the number of collaborative users involved in collaborative spectrum sensing.
Determination of High-Frequency $d$- and $q$-axis Inductances for Surface-Mounted Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines

This paper presents a reliable method for the experimental determination of high-frequency d- and q -axis inductances for surface-mounted permanent-magnet synchronous machines (SMPMSMs). Knowledge of the high-frequency d- and q-axis inductances plays an important role in the efficient design of sensorless controllers using high-frequency signal injection techniques. The proposed method employs a static locked-rotor test using an ac +dc power supply. By injecting a high-frequency rotating voltage vector into the machine, the d- and q-axis inductances may simultaneously be determined with no need to change the rotor position. Measurements are carried out at steady state. The recording of instantaneous waveforms using a dedicated data acquisition system is avoided. In this paper, experimental results are presented, on a commercial SMPMSM, using the proposed method.
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of infliximab in a rat model of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of infliximab on oxidative stress, cell proliferation and apoptosis in the rat intestinal mucosa after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). A total of 30 male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: sham, I/R and I/R+ infliximab; each group comprised 10 animals. Sham group animals underwent laparotomy without I/R injury. I/R groups after undergoing laparotomy, 1 hour of superior mesenteric artery ligation occurred, which was followed by 1 hour of reperfusion. In the infliximab group, 3 days before I/R, infliximab (3 mg/kg) was administered intravenously. All animals were killed at the end of reperfusion and intestinal tissues samples were obtained for biochemical and histopathological investigation in all groups. To date, no biochemical and histopathological changes have been reported regarding intestinal I/R injury in rats due to infliximab treatment. Infliximab treatment significantly decreased the elevated tissue malondialdehyde levels and increased reduced superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities in intestinal tissues samples. I/R caused severe histopathological injury including mucosal erosions, inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis, hemorrhage, and villous congestion. Infliximab treatment significantly attenuated the severity of intestinal I/R injury, inhibiting I/R-induced apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, infliximab pretreatment may have protective effects on the experimental intestinal I/R model of rats.
The disposition of pyrimethamine base and pyrimethamine pamoate in the mouse: effect of route of administration.

We have investigated the plasma pharmacokinetics and mass fate in mice, of pyrimethamine administered as either the base or as the poorly soluble pamoate salt, in each case by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) routes. Following the administration of pyrimethamine base (i.p. and s.c.) and pyrimethamine pamoate (i.p.), maximum measured plasma levels of pyrimethamine were attained within 1 h, before declining monoexponentially. There was no significant difference between these three groups in the clearance (0.29 +/- 0.05, 0.30 +/- 0.03, 0.26 +/- 0.05 ml min-1), elimination half-life (4.5 +/- 0.5, 4.8 +/- 0.8, 4.9 +/- 0.5 h) and AUC (19.4 +/- 4.4, 17.3 +/- 2.2, 21.1 +/- 4.4 micrograms.h ml-1). By contrast, after s.c. dosage of pyrimethamine pamoate, drug absorption was significantly delayed, maximum plasma levels being reached after 4 h, these levels being approximately one-third of those in the other three groups. Absorption was however complete, as the values for AUC and clearance were not significantly different from the other groups. The pattern of faecal and urinary elimination of 14C radioactivity was unaffected by either dose site or formulation of pyrimethamine. The majority of the dose (44.5-64.2 per cent) was eliminated in the faeces suggesting extensive biliary excretion. Localization of 14C radioactivity in the major organs was negligible in all groups. Following each dose, between 85 and 98 per cent of the dose was accounted for. These studies indicate that of the four treatment groups only pyrimethamine pamoate on s.c. administration demonstrates a sustained release action from the dose site. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Self-Rated Health as a Predictor of Disability Retirement – The Contribution of Ill-Health and Working Conditions

Objective Self-rated health is a generic health indicator predicting mortality, many diseases, and need for care. We examined self-rated health as a predictor of subsequent disability retirement, and ill-health and working conditions as potential explanations for the association. Methods Self-rated health and the covariates were obtained from the Helsinki Health Study baseline mail surveys in 2000–2002 conducted among municipal employees aged 40–60 years (n = 6525). Data for disability retirement events (n = 625) along with diagnoses were linked from the Finnish Centre for Pensions, with a follow-up by the end of 2010. Hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using competing risks models. Results Less than good self-rated health predicted disability retirement due to all causes among both women (HR = 4.60, 95% CI = 3.84–5.51) and men (HR = 3.83, 95% CI = 2.64–5.56), as well as due to musculoskeletal diseases (HR = 5.17, 95% CI = 4.02–6.66) and mental disorders (HR = 4.80, 95% CI = 3.50–6.59) among women and men pooled. Ill-health and physical working conditions partly explained the found associations, which nevertheless remained after the adjustments. Among the measures of ill-health limiting long-standing illness explained the association most in all-cause disability retirement and disability retirements due to musculoskeletal diseases, whereas common mental disorders explained the association most in disability retirements due to mental health disorders. Among working conditions physical work load and hazardous exposures at work explained the association most, although much less than ill-health. Conclusions Self-rated health is a strong predictor of disability retirement. This can be partly explained by ill-health and working conditions. Poor self-rated health provides a useful marker for increased risk of work disability and subsequent disability retirement.
Male response to historical and geographical variation in bird song

In many species, individuals discriminate among sexual signals of conspecific populations in the contexts of mate choice and male–male competition. Differences in signals among populations (geographical variation) are in part the result of signal evolution within populations (temporal variation). Understanding the relative effect of temporal and geographical signal variation on signal salience may therefore provide insight into the evolution of behavioural discrimination. However, no study, to my knowledge, has compared behavioural response to historical signals with response to current signal variation among populations. Here, I measured the response of male white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys) to historical songs compared with current songs from their local population, a nearby non-local population and a distant population. Males responded most strongly to current local songs, less, but equally, to historical local and current non-local songs, and least to songs of the distant population. Moreover, response to both temporal and geographical variation in song was proportional to how much songs differed acoustically from current local songs. Signal evolution on an ecological time scale appears to have an effect on signal salience comparable to differences found between current neighbouring populations, supporting the idea that behavioural discrimination among learned signals of conspecific populations can evolve relatively rapidly.
Towards stability analysis of jump linear systems with state-dependent and stochastic switching

This paper analyzes the stability of hierarchical jump linear systems where the supervisor is driven by a Markovian stochastic process and by the values of the supervised jump linear system¿s states. The stability framework for this class of systems is developed over infinite and finite time horizons. The framework is then used to derive sufficient stability conditions for a specific class of hybrid jump linear systems with performance supervision. New sufficient stocbnstic stability conditions for discrete-time jump linear systems are also presented.
HCA587 Antigen Expression in Normal Tissues and Cancers: Correlation with Tumor Differentiation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The HCA587 gene, identified by serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression library (SEREX) from a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient, encodes a new member of cancer-testis antigens. HCA587 mRNA expression in normal tissues and cancers has been previously reported. To estimate its immunogenicity to induce immune response, it is essential to analyze HCA587 expression at the protein level. In this study anti-HCA587 polyclonal antibody, termed “TC-1,” was generated, and the expression of HCA587 protein was assessed by immunohistochemical staining in a panel of normal and tumor tissue sections. No HCA587 protein was shown in normal tissues except germ cells in testis and Purkinji cells in cerebellum. In HCC specimens the HCA587 protein was expressed in 37.1% (26 of 70) samples. The expressed protein was either located in the cytoplasm or nucleus depending on the individual samples. More importantly, there appears to be correlation between the tumor differentiation of HCC and HCA587 protein expression, ie, the lower differentiation, the higher percentage of protein expression. Coincidentally, seroreactivity showed that the Ab specific to recombinant HCA587 protein was detected only in the sera of three patients with poorly differentiated HCCs. HCA587 antigen was also expressed in different proportions in melanoma, lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, and lung cancer.
Image Filtering of Colored Noise Based on Kalman Filter

This paper presents a core approach to design and develop a real-time based Vehicle Tracking System using Kalman filter. It is used to determine the current location of a target device in terms of UTC time , Data status, latitude, longitude, UTC date, Speed over ground in knots, Magnetic variation ,Mode indicators and Checksum information by utilizing the sms features of GSM technology. An attempt is made to improve the accuracy in locating GPS receiver by filtering out the irregularities using Kalman filter. A linear recursive filtering technique, Kalman filter is used for estimating noise co-variance at current state (Q) and measurement error (R) from sensor noise measurement. The result of this proposed adaptive Kalman filter technique gives better accuracy with more consistency and provides better performance level as compared to the standard one.
Vibration and impact monitoring of a composite-wing model using piezoelectric paint

This study investigates a piezoelectric paint sensor for large area sensing applications, and its sensing characteristics under dynamic loading conditions such as impact and vibration. The piezoelectric paint is composed of the Pb(Nb,Ni)O3-Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PNN–PZT) powder and epoxy resin. The PNN–PZT is a kind of soft piezoelectric material that offers many advantages such as high piezoelectric properties, easy poling, and so on. The PNN–PZT/epoxy paint sensor can be easily applied to various engineering structures, even to those having a complex geometry or curved shapes because of its flexibility. In this study, the PNN–PZT/epoxy paint was coated on a composite-wing model. One electrode was made on the upper surface of the piezoelectric paint, while the graphite/epoxy composite structure itself was used as the other electrode. Then poling was conducted at room temperature (20 °C) under a 4 kV/mm electric field for 10 min. When the composite-wing model was subjected to free-vibration, its vibration response was monitored by measuring the output voltage of the piezoelectric paint sensor; when the composite-wing model was impacted by an impact hammer, its impact signal was also measured by the piezoelectric paint sensor. The vibration and impact test results showed that the PNN–PZT/epoxy paint sensor captured the dynamic responses of the composite-wing structure very well. We believe that the piezoelectric paint sensor can be useful in many engineering applications such as real-time vibration and impact monitoring, damage detection, nondestructive structural health monitoring, and so on.
Analysis of Natural Allelic Variation of Arabidopsis Seed Germination and Seed Longevity Traits between the Accessions Landsberg erecta and Shakdara, Using a New Recombinant Inbred Line Population1

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping was used to identify loci controlling various aspects of seed longevity during storage and germination. Similar locations for QTLs controlling different traits might be an indication for a common genetic control of such traits. For this analysis we used a new recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between the accessions Landsberg erecta (Ler) and Shakdara (Sha). A set of 114 F9 recombinant inbred lines was genotyped with 65 polymerase chain reaction-based markers and the phenotypic marker erecta. The traits analyzed were dormancy, speed of germination, seed sugar content, seed germination after a controlled deterioration test, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment, and on abscisic acid. Furthermore, the effects of heat stress, salt (NaCl) stress, osmotic (mannitol) stress, and natural aging were analyzed. For all traits one or more QTLs were identified, with some QTLs for different traits colocating. The relevance of colocation for mechanisms underlying the various traits is discussed.
Microstructure and magnetic properties of ordered La0.62Pb0.38MnO3 nanowire arrays

Highly ordered La0.62Pb0. 38MnO3 nanowire arrays are successfully fabricated using an improved sol–gel template method. The x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microcopy results reveal that the nanowires are polycrystalline with uniform diameter around 50 nm. Magnetic measurement indicates that the ferromagnetic transition temperature TC of the nanowires is around 308 K, which is lower than that of the corresponding bulk material. The nanowire arrays demonstrate the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy as a result of shape anisotropy and enhanced coercivity compared with bulk materials and the temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization exhibits a T1.25 behaviour. The growth mechanism of the nanowires is also briefly discussed.
Surface Topographical Modification of Coronary Stent: A Review

Driven by the urge of mediating the inflammatory response from coronary stent implant to improve patency rates of the current coronary stent, concern has been focusing on reducing the risk of in-stent restenosis and thrombosis for long-term safety. Surface modification approach has been found to carry great potential due to the surface is the vital parts that act as a buffer layer between the biomaterial and the organic material like blood and vessel tissues. Nevertheless, manipulating cell response in situ using physical patterning is very complex as the exact mechanism were yet elucidated. Thus, the aim of this review is to summarise the recent efforts on modifying the surface topography of coronary stent at the micro- and nanometer scale with the purpose of inducing rapid in situ endothelialization to regenerate a healthy endothelium layer on biomaterial surface. In particular, a discussion on the surface patterns that have been investigated on cell selective behaviour together with the methods used to generate them are presented. Furthermore, the probable future work involving the surface modification of coronary stent were indicated.
X-Ray Flashes from Off-Axis Gamma-Ray Bursts

K. Ioka and T. Nakamura proposed a simple jet model that is compatible with the peak luminosity-spectral lag relation, the peak luminosity-variability relation, and various other relations in the gamma-ray bursts. If the viewing angle is much larger than the collimation angle of the jet in the model by Ioka and Nakamura, for appropriate model parameters we obtain the observational characteristics of the X-ray flashes, such as the peak flux ratio and the fluence ratio between the γ-ray (50-300 keV) and the X-ray (2-10 keV) band, the X-ray photon index, the typical duration, and the event rate, ~100 yr-1. In our model, if the distance to the X-ray flashes is much larger than ~1 Gpc (or z ≳ 0.2) they are too dim to be observed, so the spatial distribution of the X-ray flashes should be homogeneous and isotropic.
DMT of weighted parallel channels: Application to broadcast channels

In a broadcast channel with random packet arrival and transmission queues, the stability of the system is achieved by maximizing a weighted sum rate capacity with suitable weights that depend on the queue size. The weighted sum rate capacity using Dirty Paper Coding (DPC) and Zero Forcing (ZF) is asymptotically equivalent to the weighted sum capacity over parallel single-channels. In this paper, we study the Diversity Multiplexing Tradeoff (DMT) of the fading broadcast channel under a fixed weighted sum rate capacity constraint. The DMT of both identical and different parallel weighted MISO channels is first derived. Finally, we deduce the DMT of a broadcast channel using DPC and ZF precoders.