Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Benders Decomposition, Branch-and-Cut, and Hybrid Algorithms for the Minimum Connected Dominating Set Problem

We present exact algorithms for solving the minimum connected dominating set problem in an undirected graph. The algorithms are based on two approaches: a Benders decomposition algorithm and a branch-and-cut method. We also develop a hybrid algorithm that combines these two approaches. Two variants of each of the three resulting algorithms are considered: a stand-alone version and an iterative probing variant. The latter variant is based on a simple property of the problem, which states that if no connected dominating set of a given cardinality exists, then there are no connected dominating sets of lower cardinality. We present computational results on a large set of instances from the literature.
Cognitive Dynamic Systems

The first half of the paper addresses the rationale for why we need to study cognitive dynamic systems, with particular reference to two wireless applications: cogitative radio for communication, and cognitive radar for remote sensing. The second half of the paper discusses the issues involved in dynamic spectrum management and transmit-power control, which are of particular importance to cognitive radio. The iterative water-filling algorithm, in a noncooperative radio environment is discussed, and its virtues and limitations are highlighted.
Biostable L-DNAzyme for Sensing of Metal Ions in Biological Systems

DNAzymes, an important type of metal ion-dependent functional nucleic acid, are widely applied in bioanalysis and biomedicine. However, the use of DNAzymes in practical applications has been impeded by the intrinsic drawbacks of natural nucleic acids, such as interferences from nuclease digestion and protein binding, as well as undesired intermolecular interactions with other nucleic acids. On the basis of reciprocal chiral substrate specificity, the enantiomer of D-DNAzyme, L-DNAzyme, could initiate catalytic cleavage activity with the same achiral metal ion as a cofactor. Meanwhile, by using the advantage of nonbiological L-DNAzyme, which is not subject to the interferences of biological matrixes, as recognition units, a facile and stable L-DNAzyme sensor was proposed for sensing metal ions in complex biological samples and live cells.
Phenotypic plasticity in evolving neural networks

We present a model based on genetic algorithm and neural networks. The neural networks develop on the basis of an inherited genotype but they show phenotypic plasticity, i.e. they develop in ways that are adapted to the specific environment The genotype-to-phenotype mapping is not abstractly conceived as taking place in a single instant but is a temporal process that takes a substantial portion of an individual's lifetime to complete and is sensitive to the particular environment in which the individual happens to develop. Furthermore, the respective roles of the genotype and of the environment are not decided a priori but are part of what evolves. We show how such a model is able to evolve control systems for autonomous robots that can adapt to different types of environments.
Evolutionary game spectrum sensing in cognitive radio network

Cooperative sensing yields a significant sensing performance improvement. In this paper, we propose an effective sensing algorithm in distributed situation that is considering inband and outband sensing using evolutionary game theory. We drive that the strategy group of secondary users converge to the ESS. Secondary users in ESS state are able to cooperatively sense the channels with optimized group size.
Floating body effects in partially-depleted SOI CMOS circuits

This paper presents a detailed study on the impact of floating body in partially-depleted (PD) SOI MOSFET on various digital VLSI CMOS circuit families. The parasitic bipolar effect resulting from the floating body is shown to degrade the circuit noise margin and stability in general. In certain dynamic circuits and wide multiplexers, the parasitic bipolar effect is shown to cause logic state error if not properly accounted for.
Legume and soy food intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the Shanghai Women's Health Study.

BACKGROUND It has been postulated that a diet high in legumes may be beneficial for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). However, data linking type 2 DM risk and legume intake are limited. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to examine the association between legume and soy food consumption and self-reported type 2 DM. DESIGN The study was conducted in a population-based prospective cohort of middle-aged Chinese women. We followed 64,227 women with no history of type 2 DM, cancer, or cardiovascular disease at study recruitment for an average of 4.6 y. Participants completed in-person interviews that collected information on diabetes risk factors, including dietary intake and physical activity in adulthood. Anthropometric measurements were taken. Dietary intake was assessed with a validated food-frequency questionnaire at the baseline survey and at the first follow-up survey administered 2-3 y after study recruitment. RESULTS We observed an inverse association between quintiles of total legume intake and 3 mutually exclusive legume groups (peanuts, soybeans, and other legumes) and type 2 DM incidence. The multivariate-adjusted relative risk of type 2 DM for the upper quintile compared with the lower quintile was 0.62 (95% CI: 0.51, 0.74) for total legumes and 0.53 (95% CI: 0.45, 0.62) for soybeans. The association between soy products (other than soy milk) and soy protein consumption (protein derived from soy beans and their products) with type 2 DM was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of legumes, soybeans in particular, was inversely associated with the risk type 2 DM.
Randomized Trial of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Subacute Infarct-Related Coronary Artery Occlusion to Achieve Long-Term Patency and Improve Ventricular Function: The Total Occlusion Study of Canada (TOSCA)–2 Trial

Background— In the present study, we sought to determine whether opening a persistently occluded infarct-related artery (IRA) by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients beyond the acute phase of myocardial infarction (MI) improves patency and indices of left ventricular (LV) size and function. Methods and Results— Between May 2000 and July 2005, 381 patients with an occluded native IRA 3 to 28 days after MI (median 10 days) were randomized to PCI with stenting (PCI) or optimal medical therapy alone. Repeat coronary and LV angiography was performed 1 year after randomization (n=332, 87%). Coprimary end points were IRA patency and change in LV ejection fraction. Secondary end points included change in LV end-systolic and end-diastolic volume indices and wall motion. PCI was successful in 92%. At 1 year, 83% of PCI versus 25% of medical therapy–only patients had a patent IRA (P<0.001). LV ejection fraction increased significantly (P<0.001) in both groups, with no between-group difference: PCI 4.2±8.9 (n=150) versus medical therapy 3.5±8.2 (n=136; P=0.47). Median change (interquartile range) in LV end-systolic volume index was −0.5 (−9.3 to 5.0) versus 1.0 (−5.7 to 7.3) mL/m2 (P=0.10), whereas median change (interquartile range) in LV end-diastolic volume index was 3.2 (−8.2 to 13.3) versus 5.3 (−4.6 to 23.2) mL/m2 (P=0.07) in the PCI (n=86) and medical therapy–only (n=76) groups, respectively. Conclusions— PCI with stenting of a persistently occluded IRA in the subacute phase after MI effectively maintains long-term patency but has no effect on LV ejection fraction. On the basis of these findings and the lack of clinical benefit in the main Occluded Artery Trial, routine PCI is not recommended for stable patients with a persistently occluded IRA after MI.
Analysis and evaluation of railway enterprise capability based on customer value

In an increasingly competitive transport market, railway companies need pay attention to competitive power management based on customer value. In order to provide theoretical guidance for enhancing enterprises competitiveness, the paper uses the system theory to study the system structure of customer value creation capability. Then entropy and unascertained measure model are adopted to evaluate customer value creation capability of railway enterprise. It is argued that enterprise customer value creation capability is a capability system consisted of various correlative elements. Example analysis indicates that the model and approach adopted in paper are more suitable and results are more definite and reasonable.
The Design and Operation of Ultra-Sensitive and Tunable Radio-Frequency Interferometers

Dielectric spectroscopy (DS) is an important technique for scientific and technological investigations in various areas. DS sensitivity and operating frequency ranges are critical for many applications, including lab-on-chip development where sample volumes are small with a wide range of dynamic processes to probe. In this work, we present the design and operation considerations of radio-frequency (RF) interferometers that are based on power-dividers (PDs) and quadrature-hybrids (QHs). Such interferometers are proposed to address the sensitivity and frequency tuning challenges of current DS techniques. Verified algorithms together with mathematical models are presented to quantify material properties from scattering parameters for three common transmission line sensing structures, i.e., coplanar waveguides (CPWs), conductor-backed CPWs, and microstrip lines. A high-sensitivity and stable QH-based interferometer is demonstrated by measuring glucose-water solution at a concentration level that is ten times lower than some recent RF sensors while our sample volume is ~ 1 nL. Composition analysis of ternary mixture solutions are also demonstrated with a PD-based interferometer. Further work is needed to address issues like system automation, model improvement at high frequencies, and interferometer scaling.
Genome-wide analysis of mRNA abundance in two life-cycle stages of Trypanosoma brucei and identification of splicing and polyadenylation sites

Transcription of protein-coding genes in trypanosomes is polycistronic and gene expression is primarily regulated by post-transcriptional mechanisms. Sequence motifs in the untranslated regions regulate mRNA trans-splicing and RNA stability, yet where UTRs begin and end is known for very few genes. We used high-throughput RNA-sequencing to determine the genome-wide steady-state mRNA levels (‘transcriptomes’) for ∼90% of the genome in two stages of the Trypanosoma brucei life cycle cultured in vitro. Almost 6% of genes were differentially expressed between the two life-cycle stages. We identified 5′ splice-acceptor sites (SAS) and polyadenylation sites (PAS) for 6959 and 5948 genes, respectively. Most genes have between one and three alternative SAS, but PAS are more dispersed. For 488 genes, SAS were identified downstream of the originally assigned initiator ATG, so a subsequent in-frame ATG presumably designates the start of the true coding sequence. In some cases, alternative SAS would give rise to mRNAs encoding proteins with different N-terminal sequences. We could identify the introns in two genes known to contain them, but found no additional genes with introns. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of the RNA-seq technology to study the transcriptional landscape of an organism whose genome has not been fully annotated.
Collaborative Task Assignment Scheme for Multi-UAV Based on Cluster Structure

This paper addresses the mechanism of task assignment for multi-UAV in uncertain environment and proposed a collaborative task assignment scheme based on cluster structure by comprehensively analyzing the advantage of centralized and distributed systems. The mechanism takes the cluster structure as its basic framework for running the task assignment algorithm, which is divided into three levels: task division inter-clusters, task allocation within cluster and auction-based task coordination inter-clusters. Distributed task cooperation inter-clusters and centralized task allocation inner-cluster can effectively reduce the target conflicts and expand the scope of conflict mediation. In addition, the auction scheme would be triggered inter-clusters if any targets left after completing task distribution inner-cluster, in order to balance task load and advance the process of war. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has optimization capability, and better task load balancing compared with traditional allocation algorithms.
A simple method for balancing network utilization and quality of routing

Applegate and Cohen (2003) computational complexity design demand oblivious routing schemes that achieve low oblivious ratio with no or approximate knowledge of traffic demands. We investigate the quality of oblivious routing with respect to path dispersion, which is concerned with the number of paths; and path variation, which is concerned with how far the paths are from the shortest paths and the variation of path lengths. The results show the dispersion and the variation are high in general. We propose a penalty method to improve the quality of oblivious routing. The penalty method strikes a good balance between the conflicting objectives of minimizing the oblivious ratio and optimizing the quality of oblivious routing. Moreover, we apply the simple penalty method to the problem of minimizing the maximum link utilization given a traffic matrix. With the penalty method, we can achieve almost the same maximum link utilization, and improve the quality of routing to almost perfect, i.e. one or two paths that are very close to the shortest paths between each pair of nodes.
Renal cell carcinoma in renal allograft: Case series and review of literature

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in transplanted kidneys has been reported sporadically with incidence of about 0.5%. There are currently no standard guidelines on the management of allograft RCC in renal transplant recipients. Our objective was to study effectiveness of nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) for allograft RCC. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with RCC in renal allografts managed with NSS in our institution from January 2000 to December 2015. Patient demographics, interval between transplant and RCC diagnosis, operative parameters, perioperative complications, final pathology, and renal function were evaluated. Three females underwent successful NSS for allograft RCC. Cause of end-stage renal disease was IgA nephropathy in all; mean time between renal transplant and diagnosis of RCC was 23 years. We were able to stay extraperitoneal in all the cases. In the final pathology, two had papillary and one had clear cell RCC. One patient developed pyelocutaneous fistula which was managed by stenting. Long-term functional outcomes of NSS are excellent; none of our patients is dialysis dependent.
Temporal Trends in Coronary Heart Disease Mortality and Sudden Cardiac Death From 1950 to 1999: The Framingham Heart Study

Background—Throughout the past 50 years, heart disease has been the leading cause of death in the United States. Although declines in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality have been noted, there is still uncertainty about the magnitude of the decline and whether the trend is similar for sudden cardiac death (SCD). Methods and Results—We examined temporal trends in SCD and nonsudden CHD death in the Framingham Heart Study original and offspring cohorts from 1950 to 1999. SCD was defined as a death attributed to CHD with preceding symptoms that lasted less than 1 hour; all deaths were adjudicated by a physician panel. Log-linear Poisson regression was used to estimate CHD mortality and SCD risk ratios (RRs); RRs were adjusted for age and gender. There were 811 CHD deaths: 453 nonsudden and 358 SCDs. Ninety-one (20%) of nonsudden CHD deaths and 173 (48%) of SCDs were in subjects free of antecedent CHD. From 1950–1969 to 1990–1999, overall CHD death rates decreased by 59% (95% CI 47% to 68%, Ptrend<0.001). Nonsudden CHD death decreased by 64% (95% CI 50% to 74%, Ptrend<0.001), and SCD rates decreased by 49% (95% CI 28% to 64%, Ptrend<0.001). These trends were seen in men and women, in subjects with and without a prior history of CHD, and in smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusions—The risks of SCD and nonsudden CHD mortality have decreased by 49% to 64% over the past 50 years. These trends were evident in subjects with and without heart disease, which suggests important contributions of primary and secondary prevention to the decreasing risk of CHD death and SCD.
Understanding the Needs of Families of Children Who Are Deaf/Hard of Hearing with an Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract Background: There is a significant lack of evidence guiding our understanding of the needs of families of children who are deaf/hard of hearing (Deaf/HH) with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Much of our current knowledge is founded in case report studies with very small numbers of children with the dual diagnosis. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the factors relating to caregiver stress and needs (i.e., supports and interventions) in families of children who are Deaf/HH with ASD. Research Design: Comparison groups of families of children who were Deaf/HH, families with a hearing child with ASD, and families of children who were Deaf/HH with ASD were administered standardized questionnaires of stress with brief qualitative questionnaires focusing on family-identified needs. Study Sample: Six families of children with the dual diagnosis, four families of children who were Deaf/HH, and three families of children with ASD. Data Collection and Analysis: Surveys included demographic and support questionnaires, the Parenting Stress Index (PSI), the Pediatric Hearing Impairment Caregiver Experience, and a qualitative questionnaire. Results: Families of children who were Deaf/HH with ASD had a higher median total stress score on the PSI as compared to families of children who were Deaf/HH only (58.5 versus 41.5, respectively; p = 0.02) and higher Child Domain scores (60 versus 43, respectively; p = 0.02), indicating higher levels of stress in families of children with the dual diagnosis. The families of children who were Deaf/HH with ASD reported similar levels of stress as families of children with ASD. Conclusions: Families of children who are Deaf/HH with an ASD experience stress and describe similar needs and priorities as families of hearing children with ASD. This suggests the needs related to having an autism spectrum disorder are of high priority in families of children with the dual diagnosis.
Open Branes and Little Strings

This is a short review of the newly discovered ODp-theories that are non-gravitational six-dimensional theories defined as the decoupling limit of NS5-branes in the presence of a near-critical (p+1)-form RR fields. We discuss the motivation for these new theories, their definitions and properties, and their relation to NCOS theory, OM theory and Little String Theory, focusing on the cases p=1,2.
Hot spots on an interconnection network for broadcast communication

Due to advances in fiber-optics and VLSI technology, interconnection networks which allow multiple simultaneous broadcasts are becoming feasible. In such large systems, hot-spot contention can occur when several processing nodes concurrently request access to one data structure with resulting severe performance degradation. This paper presents one broadcast architecture, called the SOME-Bus interconnection network. To minimize the effect of hot-spots in the Some-Bus architecture, messages are combined to form a new message containing the payloads of all original messages. We examine the effect of message combining on the performance of SOME-Bus, in the presence of hotspots, using simulation and analytical models, under the message-passing and distributedshared-memory paradigms, and we compare it to similar performance measures on multiprocessor systems based on the crossbar and the torus.
Dietary concentrate level affects the feed sorting behaviour of lambs

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of forage concentration on sorting, nutrient intake and feeding behaviour of growing lambs. Twelve weaned lambs were exposed, in a crossover design with 7-day periods, to each of two treatment diets: (i) lower-concentrate diet (LC; 40.0% concentrate) and (ii) a higher-concentrate diet (HC; 60.0% concentrate). Alfalfa hay was used as forage source. Sorting was determined by subjecting fresh feed and ort samples to particle separation and expressing the actual intake of each particle fraction as a percentage of the predicted intake of that fraction. Lambs sorted against long particles (>19 mm) on both treatments. On the LC diet, lambs sorted for medium particles, whereas animals fed the HC diet did not sort for or against medium particles. Lambs sorted for fine particles (<1.18 mm) on both treatments (p < .05). The extent of sorting for the fine particles was greater on the LC diet compared with the HC diet (p < .05). Dry matter intake was increased by increasing the concentrate content of the diet. Intake per visit and eating rate increased, and total chewing time was decreased in lambs fed HC diet. In conclusion, lambs sorted most against the longest particles and for the fine particles. Furthermore, feed sorting behaviour is affected by the forage level, and lambs sorted more for the fine particles in the LC diet.
Lifting, tilting and fractional programming revisited: a study on mixed integer linear sets

AbstractLifting, tilting and fractional programming, though seemingly di erent, reduce to a common core optimization problem.This connection allows us to revisit key properties of lifting, tilting and fractional programming in a simple commonframework, and extend known results from each of these problems to the other two.Key words: Lifting, Tilting, Fractional programming, Mixed-integer programming1. IntroductionConsider a nonempty mixed integer linear set M =fx2R n : Axh; x i 2Z 8i2Igwhere A2Q m n ,h2Q m and If1;:::;ng. Given a;c2Q n and b;d2Qwe are interested in solvingmaxf: (a T x b) (c T x d) 0 8x2Mg: (1)that is, we would like to either determine an optimal value for this problem, or show that no such value existsbecause the problem is either infeasible or unbounded.Though problem (1) seems to have a very particularstructure, it is a common problem that appears in threeseemingly di erent contexts: lifting, tilting and fractionalprogramming. In this article we explore how these threeproblems are in fact special cases of (1), and present ageneral algorithm for solving (1) which extends the algo-rithms presented in [8] for lifting, in [10] for tilting, andin [7] for fractional programming. Though the connectionbetween these three problems does not require a complexmathematical development, it allows us to show how re-sults from one problem can extend known results for theother two.We start by de ning the three di erent problems inquestion. Throughout this section we will consider that Pis a polyhedron and that Qis a proper face of P. Givenan inequality