Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Bidirectional Relationship between Positive Mental Health and Social Rhythm in College Students:A Three-Year Longitudinal Study

Social rhythm refers to the general regularity of engaging in basic social activities during the week, and was found to be associated with individuals’ positive mental health. The present study investigated the relationship between social rhythm and emotional well-being in a cohort of 2,031 college students over 3 years with a cross-lagged longitudinal panel design. Results revealed that regularity of social rhythm positively predicted emotional well-being in the following year, and vice versa, when the level of both factors in the previous year was controlled. Our study provides evidence of a longitudinal positive reciprocal relationship between social rhythm and positive mental health in younger adult populations.
1 The Bayesian view of the Jury Theorem 1 . 1 Criticism on the Bayesian view

1 The Bayesian view of the Jury Theorem 1.1 Criticism on the Bayesian view Recall the model setup: let s ∈ {±1} be the true state of the world. We shall assume a uniform prior on s, that is, P (s = +) = P (s = −) =
The Kinetics of Acetylcholine Turnover in a Resting Cholinergic Nerve Terminal and the Magnitude of the Cytoplasmic Compartment

Abstract: The magnitude of the cytosolic pool of acetylcholine in the cholinergic electromotor nerve terminals of Torpedo marmorata has been calculated to be 22 ± 3% of the total by comparing the isotopic ratio of acetylcholine with that of choline when slices of electric organ were incubated with 10 μM deuterated choline. The calculation is based on a two‐compartment model that assumes the presence, in unstimulated tissue, of a vesicular pool of acetylcholine that does not exchange, under resting conditions, with a second cytosolic pool; the latter, by contrast, is subject to ‘futile recycling’ and comes into isotopic equilibrium with the tissue choline pool.
5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolines ameliorate NDEA-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis in rats through IL-6 downregulation along with oxidative and metabolic stress reduction

5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline scaffold is known to have an antitumor effect on certain types of malignancies; however, its effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Previously, we reported p-toluenesulfonic acid-promoted syntheses, molecular modeling and in vitro antitumor activity of 5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline against human hepatoma (Hep-G2) cells where compounds 4A and 6A were found to be potent inhibitors among the series. In continuation to our previous effort to develop novel therapeutic strategies for HCC treatment, here we investigated the in vivo antitumor activity and the mechanism underlying the effects of 4A and 6A in N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)-induced HCC using male Wistar rats. NDEA was administered weekly intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 6 weeks. Various physiological and morphological changes, oxidative parameters, liver marker enzymes and cytokines were assessed to evaluate the antitumor effect of 4A and 6A. In addition, proton nuclear magnetic resonance-based serum metabolomics were performed to analyze the effects of 4A and 6A against HCC-induced metabolic alterations. Significant tumor incidences with an imbalance in carcinogen metabolizing enzymes and cellular redox status were observed in carcinogenic rats. Tumor inhibitory effects of 4A and 6A were noted by histopathology and biochemical profiles in NDEA-induced hepatic cancer. Compounds 4A and 6A had a potential role in normalizing the elevated levels of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10. At molecular level, the real-time quantitative reverse-transcribed polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that 4A and 6A attenuated the IL-6 gene overexpression in hepatic cancer. Further, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis scores plot demonstrated a significant separation of 4A and 6A-treated groups from carcinogen control group. Both the compounds have potential to restore the imbalanced metabolites due to HCC, signifying promising hepatoprotective activities. All these findings suggested that 4A and 6A could be potential drug candidates to treat HCC.
Induction of Vascular GTP-Cyclohydrolase I and Endogenous Tetrahydrobiopterin Synthesis Protect Against Inflammation-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Human Atherosclerosis

Background— The endothelial nitric oxide synthase cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is essential for maintenance of enzymatic function. We hypothesized that induction of BH4 synthesis might be an endothelial defense mechanism against inflammation in vascular disease states. Methods and Results— In Study 1, 20 healthy individuals were randomized to receive Salmonella typhi vaccine (a model of acute inflammation) or placebo in a double-blind study. Vaccination increased circulating BH4 and interleukin 6 and induced endothelial dysfunction (as evaluated by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation) after 8 hours. In Study 2, a functional haplotype (X haplotype) in the GCH1 gene, encoding GTP-cyclohydrolase I, the rate-limiting enzyme in biopterin biosynthesis, was associated with endothelial dysfunction in the presence of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in 440 coronary artery disease patients. In Study 3, 10 patients with coronary artery disease homozygotes for the GCH1 X haplotype (XX) and 40 without the haplotype (OO) underwent S Typhi vaccination. XX patients were unable to increase plasma BH4 and had a greater reduction of flow-mediated dilation than OO patients. In Study 4, vessel segments from 19 patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery were incubated with or without cytokines (interleukin-6/tumor necrosis factor-&agr;/lipopolysaccharide) for 24 hours. Cytokine stimulation upregulated GCH1 expression, increased vascular BH4, and improved vasorelaxation in response to acetylcholine, which was inhibited by the GTP-cyclohydrolase inhibitor 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine. Conclusions— The ability to increase vascular GCH1 expression and BH4 synthesis in response to inflammation preserves endothelial function in inflammatory states. These novel findings identify BH4 as a vascular defense mechanism against inflammation-induced endothelial dysfunction.
Modeling dissolved organic carbon in temperate forest soils: TRIPLEX-DOC model development and validation

Abstract. Even though dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the most active carbon (C) cycling in soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, it receives little attention from the global C budget. DOC fluxes are critical to aquatic ecosystem inputs and contribute to the C balance of terrestrial ecosystems, but few ecosystem models have attempted to integrate DOC dynamics into terrestrial C cycling. This study introduces a new process-based model, TRIPLEX-DOC, that is capable of estimating DOC dynamics in forest soils by incorporating both ecological drivers and biogeochemical processes. TRIPLEX-DOC was developed from Forest-DNDC, a biogeochemical model simulating C and nitrogen (N) dynamics, coupled with a new DOC process module that predicts metabolic transformations, sorption/desorption, and DOC leaching in forest soils. The model was validated against field observations of DOC concentrations and fluxes at white pine forest stands located in southern Ontario, Canada. The model was able to simulate seasonal dynamics of DOC concentrations and the magnitudes observed within different soil layers, as well as DOC leaching in the age sequence of these forests. Additionally, TRIPLEX-DOC estimated the effect of forest harvesting on DOC leaching, with a significant increase following harvesting, illustrating that land use change is of critical importance in regulating DOC leaching in temperate forests as an important source of C input to aquatic ecosystems.
Effectiveness of sparse Bayesian algorithm for MVAR coefficient estimation in MEG/EEG source-space causality analysis

This paper examines the effectiveness of a sparse Bayesian algorithm to estimate multivariate autoregressive coefficients when a large amount of background interference exists. This paper employs computer experiments to compare two methods in the source-space causality analysis: the conventional least-squares method and a sparse Bayesian method. Results of our computer experiments show that the interference affects the least-squares method in a very severe manner. It produces large false-positive results, unless the signal-to-interference ratio is very high. On the other hand, the sparse Bayesian method is relatively insensitive to the existence of interference. However, this robustness of the sparse Bayesian method is attained on the scarifies of the detectability of true causal relationship. Our experiments also show that the surrogate data bootstrapping method tends to give a statistical threshold that are too low for the sparse method. The permutation-test-based method gives a higher (more conservative) threshold and it should be used with the sparse Bayesian method whenever the control period is available.
Using Hadoop to Identify False Positives in Bacterial Strain Typing from DNA Fingerprints

Pyroprinting is a novel technique used by the Department of Biological Sciences to obtain “fingerprints” from the DNA of E. coli isolates in order to categorize them into strains. To determine the number of false positives that occur in the pyroprinting process, isolates with the same pyroprints needed to be sequenced to see if their underlying alleles match. If they do match, this shows they are indeed the same strain and are a true positive. If the alleles don’t match, they are different strains and are a false positive. To do this 100 isolates with nucleotide identifiers were sequenced. Over five million sequences were then analyzed using a program implemented on Hadoop. This program provided a general indicator of the efficacy of pyroprinting by grouping the sequences into their respective isolate buckets and analyzing them to determine which were false positives. The Hadoop implementation proved to be reliable and highly scalable. This method of analysis is generally applicable to many areas within bioinformatics, as well as potential uses in other industries. The results from the experiment are still being analyzed to determine the frequency of false positives, and how this can inform the use of pyroprinting. Keywords—Hadoop, Distributed Computing, Pyroprinting, Bacterial Strain Typing, E. coli, DNA
MOTIVATION AND ITS IMPACT ON LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY AT HOTEL BUSINESS “A CONCEPTUAL STUDY”

Human resources especially for the hotel business play a crucial role for the success of the business. At the hotel business, people do the service for the people and it is not excellent service production expectation is done the motivation of staff. Motivating staff can be used a tool for increasing productivity. Top level management should properly analyse the staff and their economical, social and psychosocial needs. Motivation tools may differ as economical, psychosocial, organizational and organizational-administrative motivation tools. The purpose of the study was to understand the importance of work motivation at hospitality industry and to strees on the differential effects of each motivation tool when the organizations choose to implement. The study also aims to show the importance of choosing appropriate form of motivation tool at hotel business to increase productivity. For the written world the study provides to understand both the intricacies and the smilarities and differencies of common motivation tools for the hotel organizations when needed to use. As a conclusion the study study suggest an “organization motivation model” fostered from explanation at the literature. Keywords: Hotel business, motivation tools, employees and productivity.
On the Observability and Self-Calibration of Visual-Inertial Navigation Systems

We examine the observability properties of visual-inertial navigation systems, with an emphasis on self-calibration of the six degrees-of-freedom rigid body transform between a camera and an inertial measurement unit (IMU). Our analysis depends on a dierential geometric formulation of the calibration problem, and on an algebraic test for the ‘observability rank condition’, originally dened by Hermann and Krener. We demonstrate that self-calibration of the camera-IMU transform is possible, under a variety of conditions. In contrast with previous work, we show that, in the presence of a known calibration target, both the local gravity vector and the IMU gyroscope and accelerometer biases are simultaneously observable (given sucient excitation of the system). Further and more generally, we show that for a moving monocular camera and IMU, the absolute scene scale, gravity vector, and the IMU biases are all simultaneously observable. This result implies that full self-calibration is possible, without the need for any prior knowledge about the environment in which the system is operating.
Measuring cell adhesion forces of primary gastrulating cells from zebrafish using atomic force microscopy

During vertebrate gastrulation, progenitor cells of different germ layers acquire specific adhesive properties that contribute to germ layer formation and separation. Wnt signals have been suggested to function in this process by modulating the different levels of adhesion between the germ layers, however, direct evidence for this is still lacking. Here we show that Wnt11, a key signal regulating gastrulation movements, is needed for the adhesion of zebrafish mesendodermal progenitor cells to fibronectin, an abundant extracellular matrix component during gastrulation. To measure this effect, we developed an assay to quantify the adhesion of single zebrafish primary mesendodermal progenitors using atomic-force microscopy (AFM). We observed significant differences in detachment force and work between cultured mesendodermal progenitors from wild-type embryos and from slb/wnt11 mutant embryos, which carry a loss-of-function mutation in the wnt11 gene, when tested on fibronectin-coated substrates. These differences were probably due to reduced adhesion to the fibronectin substrate as neither the overall cell morphology nor the cell elasticity grossly differed between wild-type and mutant cells. Furthermore, in the presence of inhibitors of fibronectin-integrin binding, such as RGD peptides, the adhesion force and work were strongly decreased, indicating that integrins are involved in the binding of mesendodermal progenitors in our assay. These findings demonstrate that AFM can be used to quantitatively determine the substrate-adhesion of cultured primary gastrulating cells and provide insight into the role of Wnt11 signalling in modulating cell adhesion at the single cell scale.
Surgical Versus Nonoperative Treatment for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Four-Year Results of the Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial

Study Design. Randomized trial and concurrent observational cohort study. Objective. To compare 4 year outcomes of surgery to nonoperative care for spinal stenosis. Summary of Background Data. Surgery for spinal stenosis has been shown to be more effective compared to nonoperative treatment over 2 years, but longer-term data have not been analyzed. Methods. Surgical candidates from 13 centers in 11 US states with at least 12 weeks of symptoms and confirmatory imaging were enrolled in a randomized cohort (RC) or observational cohort (OC). Treatment was standard decompressive laminectomy or standard nonoperative care. Primary outcomes were SF-36 bodily pain (BP) and physical function scales and the modified Oswestry Disability index assessed at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and yearly up to 4 years. Results. A total of 289 patients enrolled in the RC and 365 patients enrolled in the OC. An as-treated analysis combining the RC and OC and adjusting for potential confounders found that the clinically significant advantages for surgery previously reported were maintained through 4 years, with treatment effects (defined as mean change in surgery group minus mean change in nonoperative group) for bodily pain 12.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.5–16.7); physical function 8.6 (95% CI, 4.6–12.6); and Oswestry Disability index −9.4 (95% CI, −12.6 to −6.2). Early advantages for surgical treatment for secondary measures such as bothersomeness, satisfaction with symptoms, and self-rated progress were also maintained. Conclusion. Patients with symptomatic spinal stenosis treated surgically compared to those treated nonoperatively maintain substantially greater improvement in pain and function through 4 years.
Error correction of high-throughput sequencing datasets with non-uniform coverage

Motivation: The continuing improvements to high-throughput sequencing (HTS) platforms have begun to unfold a myriad of new applications. As a result, error correction of sequencing reads remains an important problem. Though several tools do an excellent job of correcting datasets where the reads are sampled close to uniformly, the problem of correcting reads coming from drastically non-uniform datasets, such as those from single-cell sequencing, remains open. Results: In this article, we develop the method Hammer for error correction without any uniformity assumptions. Hammer is based on a combination of a Hamming graph and a simple probabilistic model for sequencing errors. It is a simple and adaptable algorithm that improves on other tools on non-uniform single-cell data, while achieving comparable results on normal multi-cell data. Availability: http://www.cs. toronto.edu/~pashadag. Contact: pmedvedev@cs.ucsd. edu
Multiplicité des utilisateurs et pertinence des systèmes d'information multidimensionnels : l'exemple du secteur bancaire

Les changements dans l’environnement ces dernieres annees ont entraine la creation de nouvelles fonctions menant le systeme comptable a satisfaire une multiplicite d’utilisateurs dont les besoins sont detailles et specifiques. Notre objectif consiste a montrer - en prenant l’exemple du secteur bancaire - que cette multiplicite pousse a une reorganisation de l’architecture selon une approche multidimensionnelle. En s’appuyant sur un cadre theorique combinant les theories evenementielle et de la contingence, nous avons realise deux etudes de cas et une analyse quantitative de 52 questionnaires. Cela a demontre la pertinence de l’approche multidimensionnelle - dont l’application est aussi bien partielle que contingente - vers laquelle evolue le modele comptable devenant de plus en plus un module au sein d’un progiciel de gestion integree. Une typologie de situations a illustre l’importance des systemes d’information hybrides en tant qu’etape intermediaire dans cette evolution.
Fabrication of calcium phosphate films for coating on titanium substrates heated up to 773 K by RF magnetron sputtering and their evaluations

Calcium phosphate films were fabricated on titanium substrates heated up to 773 K using radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. The deposition rate, phase and preferred orientation of the calcium phosphate films were studied. Immersion tests for the films were conducted using Hanks' solution and PBS(−), and the surface reactions on the specimens coated with the calcium phosphate films were investigated. The bonding strength between the coating films and the titanium substrates before and after the immersion tests was evaluated; the bonding strength decreased after the immersion tests. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of SaOS-2 cells on a titanium plate coated with a calcium phosphate film was examined by conducting a culture test. Calcium phosphate coating increased the ALP activity of SaOS-2 cells cultured for 3 and 7 days. Titanium cylinders were coated with an amorphous calcium phosphate film and implanted into the mandibles of beagle dogs. An increase in the extent of bone-implant contact for the coated titanium cylinders was confirmed 8 to 12 weeks after implantation and compared with the case for uncoated titanium cylinders.
Neuromorphic Computation Using Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is a paradigm for low-power, general-purpose, classical computing beyond the transistor era. In classical QCA, the elementary device is a cell, a system of quantum dots with a few mobile charges occupying some dots. Device switching is achieved by quantum mechanical tunneling between dots, and cells are interconnected locally via the electrostatic field. Logic is constructed by laying out arrays of QCA cells on a two-dimensional substrate. Several different implementations of QCA exist. Neuromorphic computing is computing which mimics aspects of how our brains compute. This includes parallel processing using highly interconnected primitives which combine local processing and memory. Viable neuron-like devices suitable for neuromorphic computation require a weighted signal fan-in, a way to aggregate signals, and a spike (pulse) output mechanism. The inputs to a neuron can be "excitatory" or "inhibitory" which refers to their ability to encourage or discourage a neuron to fire. We briefly review the concept of QCA and discuss how QCA cells satisfy these requirements. Viable implementations for QCA-based neuromorphism, and challenges that exist for implementing neuromorphic devices in QCA also will be discussed.
Interactions Among Heparin, Cold-Insoluble Globulin, and Fibrinogen in Formation of the Heparin Precipitable Fraction of Plasma

Fibrinogen and the cold-insoluble globulin of plasma (CIg) are the main protein components of the heparin cryoprecipi table fraction (HPF) of normal plasma. The interactions between these proteins and heparin were examined. Heparin formed a cold precipitable complex with purified CIg or with mixtures of CIg and fibrinogen (T/2, 0.2; pH 7.2) but not with fibrinogen alone. Cryoprecipitation could be augmented by addition of Ca++ or by selection of optimal heparin levels; it could be reduced or even abolished by raising the ionic strength or pH or both, or by raising the heparin level above that needed for maximum precipitation of CIg. Fibrinogen reduced the threshold level of CIg at which heparin-induced cryoprecipitation occurred and, by co-precipitating with heparin and CIg, increased the total precipitate that formed. In contrast to the HPF from normal plasma which contained both fibrinogen and CIg, that from afibrinogenemic plasma contained CIg but lacked fibrinogen. Normal plasma depleted of CIg failed to form a heparin-induced cryoprecipitate. Thus, CIg is essential for heparin-induced cryoprecipitation to occur. Fibrinogen, as assessed by chromatographic experiments with heparin-Sepharose columns, has a considerably lower heparin-binding affinity than does CIg, indicating that it participates in formation of the HPF mainly, if not entirely, by virtue of its affinity for CIg.
Analytic materials

The theory of inhomogeneous analytic materials is developed. These are materials where the coefficients entering the equations involve analytic functions. Three types of analytic materials are identified. The first two types involve an integer p. If p takes its maximum value, then we have a complete analytic material. Otherwise, it is incomplete analytic material of rank p. For two-dimensional materials, further progress can be made in the identification of analytic materials by using the well-known fact that a 90° rotation applied to a divergence-free field in a simply connected domain yields a curl-free field, and this can then be expressed as the gradient of a potential. Other exact results for the fields in inhomogeneous media are reviewed. Also reviewed is the subject of metamaterials, as these materials provide a way of realizing desirable coefficients in the equations.