Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supporting Tailorability of Groupware through Component Architectures

Tailorability is generally regarded as a key property of CSCW-systems, because cooperative activities provide for very dynamic and diversified requirements. Extensive tailorability has to be supported by the architecture of the application, which is determined by the design of the groupware platform. This contribution points out the value of a scaleable component architecture for groupware applications and raises some research questions concerning this approach. We propose a model of a tailorable architecture for CSCW-systems, which is based on the component paradigm. The architectural model supports tailoring activities by changing parameter settings of single components, changing the composition of components, and changing the implementation of components. Hierarchical composition of components allows for tailoring operations on different levels of abstraction and complexity. We introduce the concepts ofion and complexity. We introduce the concepts of tailoring constraints, tailoring constructs, and tailoring rights, which allow a controlled evolution of the system.
Evaluation and design of variable step size adaptive algorithms

This paper presents a new methodology for evaluation and design of variable step size adaptive algorithms. The new methodology is based on a learning plane, which combines the evolutions of both the step size and the mean square error. It includes both transient and steady-state behaviors and can be used to compare performances of different algorithms against an optimum trajectory in the learning plane. The new technique can also be used for algorithm optimization in system identification applications.
The Catholic school advantage and common school effect examined: a comparison between Muslim immigrant and native pupils in Flanders

ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of Catholic schooling on academic achievement of native Belgian and Muslim immigrant pupils. The distinctive characteristics of Catholic schools in Belgium (Flanders) form an exceptionally suitable context to study this. Multilevel latent growth curve analyses are conducted with data from approximately 5,000 pupils across 200 primary schools. No support was found for the Catholic school advantage hypothesis as the overall achievement growth for math and reading was not significantly better in Catholic schools than in public schools. Likewise, no evidence was found for the so-called “common school effect” hypothesis: The learning growth of Muslim pupils was not significantly better in Catholic schools. In fact, the initial achievement gap was found to be higher in Catholic schools than in public schools. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Left atrium size and the risk of cardiovascular death in middle-aged men.

BACKGROUND The echocardiographic identification of subclinical risk markers may enhance risk stratification for the development of cardiovascular outcomes in the general population. Although echocardiography is widely used in the evaluation of cardiac structures and function, the prognostic value of echocardiographic assessment of left atrium (LA) size for risk stratification of cardiovascular death is unknown. METHODS Left ventricular (LV) mass and LA size were measured by using M-mode echocardiography in a representative population-based sample of 830 men (age, 42-61 years) from eastern Finland. There were 54 deaths due to cardiovascular disease during an average follow-up of 13 years. RESULTS The strongest risk factors for cardiovascular death were smoking, family history of coronary heart disease, low exercise capacity, elevated blood pressure, exercise-induced myocardial ischemia, and large LA diameter. Men in the highest tertile of LA diameter (>43 mm) had a 2.3-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.1-5.0) risk of cardiovascular death compared with men in the lowest tertile of LA diameter (<39 mm), after adjusting for other risk factors and the use of antihypertensive medications. The excess risk for cardiovascular mortality appeared to reside largely in the highest tertile of LA size. After additional adjustment for LV mass, the relation between LA size and mortality did not remain statistically significant (relative risk, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.8-4.1; P = .15) in this group. CONCLUSIONS This prospective population-based study shows that echocardiographically defined LA diameter was directly related to the risk of cardiovascular death. The association of LA enlargement to cardiovascular death appears to be partially related to LV hypertrophy.
THE MINIMAL CURVATURE OF THE UNIVERSE IN MODIFIED GRAVITY AND CONFORMAL ANOMALY RESOLUTION OF THE INSTABILITIES

We discuss the modified gravity which may produce the current cosmic acceleration of the universe and eliminate the need for dark energy. It is shown that such models where the action quickly grows with the decrease of the curvature define the FRW universe with the minimal curvature. Infinite time is required to reach the minimal curvature during the universe evolution. It is demonstrated that quantum effects of conformal fields may strongly suppress the instabilities discovered in modified gravity. We also briefly speculate on the modification of gravity combined with the presence of the cosmological constant dark energy.
COUNTING THE OCCURRENCES OF GENERALIZED PATTERNS IN WORDS GENERATED BY A MORPHISM

We count the number of occurrences of certain patterns in given words. We choose these words to be the set of all finite approximations of a sequence generated by a morphism with certain restrictions. The patterns in our considerations are either classical patterns 1-2, 2-1, 1-1- � � � -1, or arbitrary generalized patterns without internal dashes, in which repetitions of letters are allowed. In particular, we find the number of occurrences of the patterns 1-2, 2-1, 12, 21, 123 and 1-1- � � � -1 in the words obtained by iterations of the morphism 1 → 123, 2 → 13, 3 → 2, which is a classical example of a morphism generating a nonrepetitive sequence.
Transient Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Analysis of a Novel Metal-On-Metal Hip Prosthesis with a Non-Spherical Femoral Bearing Surface

Effective lubrication performance of metal-on-metal hip implants only requires optimum conformity within the main loaded area, while it is advantageous to increase the clearance in the equatorial region. Such a varying clearance can be achieved by using non-spherical bearing surfaces for either acetabular or femoral components. An elastohydrodynamic lubrication model of a novel metal-on-metal hip prosthesis using a non-spherical femoral bearing surface against a spherical cup was solved under loading and motion conditions specified by ISO standard. A full numerical methodology of considering the geometric variation in the rotating non-spherical head in elastohydrodynamic lubrication solution was presented, which is applicable to all non-spherical head designs. The lubrication performance of a hip prosthesis using a specific non-spherical femoral head, Alpharabola, was analysed and compared with those of spherical bearing surfaces and a non-spherical Alpharabola cup investigated in previous studies. The sensitivity of the lubrication performance to the anteversion angle of the Alpharabola head was also investigated. Results showed that the non-spherical head introduced a large squeeze-film action and also led to a large variation in clearance within the loaded area. With the same equatorial clearance, the lubrication performance of the metal-on-metal hip prosthesis using an Alpharabola head was better than that of the conventional spherical bearings but worse than that of the metal-on-metal hip prosthesis using an Alpharabola cup. The reduction in the lubrication performance caused by the initial anteversion angle of the non-spherical head was small, compared with the improvement resulted from the non-spherical geometry.
Sex, Coalitions, and Politics in Preindustrial Societies

Broadly defined, political activity normally involves some form of coalition, usually centering upon resource acquisition, and is not restricted to humans. Male and female mammals appear to have evolved to seek and use resources differently—males to get mates (mating effort) and females to raise healthy, successful offspring (parental effort). Because the return curves for these two types of effort differ in shape, several predictions follow about sex differences in political activity. These predictions are tested using the 93 odd-numbered societies of the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample. Results offer insights into current patterns of male and female political activity in Western societies.
Inhibition of calcium channels in rat CA3 pyramidal neurons by a metabotropic glutamate receptor

L-Glutamate rapidly and reversibly suppressed Ca channel current in freshly dissociated pyramidal neurons from the CA3 region of the rat hippocampus. L-Glutamate inhibition of Ca channel current could be distinguished from activation of background conductance by appropriate ionic conditions and by distinct pharmacological profiles. Ca channel inhibition by glutamate was mimicked by quisqualate, ibotenate, racemict-ACPD and 1S,3R-ACPD but not by kainate, AMPA, L-aspartate, NMDA, L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid, or 1R,3S-ACPD; 6-cyano-7- nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione did not inhibit the response. All agonists inhibited a similar fraction of high-voltage-activated Ca channel current, typically approximately 30%. Concentration-response relations for the agonists were consistent with mediation by a metabotropic glutamate receptor. The stereospecific agonist 1S,3R-ACPD was especially useful since it did not activate background conductances. The fraction of Ca channel current sensitive to 1S,3R-ACPD was partially blocked by omega-conotoxin GVIA but was not sensitive to dihydropyridine antagonists or agonists. The suppression of Ca channels by 1S,3R-ACPD became irreversible when cells were dialyzed with GTP- gamma-S. 1S,3R-ACPD suppressed Ca channel currents in outside-out membrane patches but not in cell-attached patches when applied outside the patch. These results suggest that metabotropic glutamate receptors suppress the activity of N-type Ca channels in CA3 neurons by a mechanism involving G-proteins but not readily diffusible second messengers.
Design and analysis of a novel 3-D micromanipulator with large range of motion

A novel parallel micromanipulator with large range of motion based on flexible hinges is designed and analyzed in this paper, which has three degrees of freedom motions along x, y and z axes. The Pseudo-Rigid-Body (PRB) model method is applied to obtain the kinetic performance and inputting stiffness. To calculate the natural frequency of the mechanism, the Lagrange method is used to achieve the dynamic and frequency equations. In addition, the working range of the architecture is also calculated, analyzed and compared with other similar structures by using ANSYS software, our designed micromanipulator has larger workspace than other existed stages.
Cell cycle and growth stage-dependent changes in the transport of nucleosides, hypoxanthine, choline, and deoxyglucose in cultured Novikoff rat hepatoma cells

Populations of Novikoff rat hepatoma cells (subline N1S1-67) were monitored for the rates of transport of various substrates and for their incorporation into acid-insoluble material as a function of the age of cultures of randomly growing cells in suspension as well as during traverse of the cells through the cell cycle. Populations of cells were synchronized by a double hydroxyurea block or by successive treatment with hydroxyurea and Colcemid. Kinetic analyses showed that changes in transport rates related to the age of cultures or the cell cycle stage reflecte alterations in the V max of the transport processes, whereas the Km remained constant, indicating that changes in transport rates reflect alterations in the number of functional transport sites. The transport sites for uridine and 2-deoxy-D-glucose increased continuously during traverse of the cells through the cell cycle, whereas those for choline and hypoxanthine were formed early in the cell cycle. Increases in thymidine transport sites were confined to the S phase. Synchronized cells deprived of serum failed to exhibit normal increases in transport sites, although the cells divided normally at the end of the cell cycle. Arrest of the cells in mitosis by treatment with Colcemid prevented any further increases in transport rates. The formation of functional transport sites was also dependent on de novo synthesis of RNA and protein. Inhibition of DNA synthesis in early S phase inhibited the increase in thymidine transport rates which normally occurs during the S phase, but had no effect on the formation of the other transport systems. Transport rates also fluctuated markedly with the age of the cultures of randomly growing cells, reaching maximum levels in the mid-exponential phase of growth. The transport systems for thymidine and uridine were rapidly lost upon inhibition of protein and RNA synthesis, and thus seem to be metabolically unstable, whereas the transport systems for choline and 2- deoxy-D-glucose were stable under the same conditions.
Analysis of Chicken Mucosal Immune Response to Eimeria tenella and Eimeria maxima Infection by Quantitative Reverse Transcription-PCR

ABSTRACT The recent cloning of chicken genes coding for interleukins, chemokines, and other proteins involved in immune regulation and inflammation allowed us to analyze their expression during infection with Eimeria. The expression levels of different genes in jejunal and cecal RNA extracts isolated from uninfected chickens and chickens infected with Eimeria maxima or E. tenella were measured using a precise quantitative reverse transcription-PCR technique. Seven days after E. tenellainfection, expression of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA was increased 80-fold. Among the chemokines analyzed, the CC chemokines K203 (200-fold) and macrophage inflammatory factor 1β (MIP-1β) (80-fold) were strongly upregulated in the infected ceca, but the CXC chemokines IL-8 and K60 were not. However, the CXC chemokines were expressed at very high levels in uninfected cecal extracts. The levels of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) (300-fold), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (200-fold), and myelomonocytic growth factor (MGF) (50-fold) were also highly upregulated during infection with E. tenella, whereas cyclooxygenase 2 showed a more modest (13-fold) increase. The genes upregulated during E. tenella infection were generally also upregulated during E. maxima infection but at a lower magnitude except for those encoding MIP-1β and MGF. For these two cytokines, no significant change in expression levels was observed after E. maximainfection. CD3+ intraepithelial lymphocytes may participate in the IFN-γ upregulation observed after infection, since both recruitment and upregulation of the IFN-γ mRNA level were observed in the infected jejunal mucosa. Moreover, in the chicken macrophage cell line HD-11, CC chemokines, MGF, IL-1β, and iNOS were inducible by IFN-γ, suggesting that macrophages may be one of the cell populations involved in the upregulation of these cytokines observed in vivo during infection with Eimeria.
Sequential targeted optimality as a new criterion for teaching and following in repeated games

In infinitely repeated games, the act of teaching an outcome to our adversaries can be beneficial to reach coordination, as well as allowing us to 'steer' adversaries to outcomes that are more beneficial to us. Teaching works well against followers, agents that are willing to go along with the proposal, but can lead to miscoordination otherwise. In the context of infinitely repeated games there is, as of yet, no clear formalism that tries to capture and combine these behaviours into a unified view in order to reach a solution of a game. In this paper, we propose such a formalism in the form of an algorithmic criterion, which uses the concept of targeted learning. As we will argue, this criterion can be a beneficial criterion to adopt in order to reach coordination. Afterwards we propose an algorithm that adheres to our criterion that is able to teach pure strategy Nash Equilibria to a broad class of opponents in a broad class of games and is able to follow otherwise, as well as able to perform well in self-play.
CUIDADORES FAMILIARES CAMPESINOS: DEPRESIÓN, TIEMPO DE CUIDADO Y DEPENDENCIA

Objective: To establish the association of the burden of family caregivers with care time and the degree of functionality of the elderly peasant. Materials and methods: quantitative study with cross-sectional correlational range, with a sample of 50 family caregivers. It was applied: one sociodemographic survey; Zarit scale, measuring caregiver burden, and the Barthel Index, which measures the degree of functional dependence. Results: Family caregivers are usually women (76%); over 60 (50%), married (40%) and single (30%); with low socioeconomic status (94%) and education (66%). No significant association between caregiver burden and the degree of functionality (p = 0.249) was found, nor between caregiver burden and time as caregiver (p = 0.476). Conclusions: A high proportion of rural women are family caregivers. The study reports that caring time and degree of functionality are not predictors of elder care burden on the peasant family caregiver. More research and inquire is needed to determine if there are cultural aspects that influence the experience and meaning construction of care. The need for educational programs for rural carers through processes of self-recognition and self-determination in accordance with their culture and capabilities is suggested.
Identification of the Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group I Gene, FANCI

To identify the gene underlying Fanconi anemia (FA) complementation group I we studied informative FA-I families by a genome-wide linkage analysis, which resulted in 4 candidate regions together encompassing 351 genes. Candidates were selected via bioinformatics and data mining on the basis of their resemblance to other FA genes/proteins acting in the FA pathway, such as: degree of evolutionary conservation, presence of nuclear localization signals and pattern of tissue-dependent expression. We found a candidate, KIAA1794 on chromosome 15q25-26, to be mutated in 8 affected individuals previously assigned to complementation group I. Western blots of endogenous FANCI indicated that functionally active KIAA1794 protein is lacking in FA-I individuals. Knock-down of KIAA1794 expression by siRNA in HeLa cells caused excessive chromosomal breakage induced by mitomycin C, a hallmark of FA cells. Furthermore, phenotypic reversion of a patient-derived cell line was associated with a secondary genetic alteration at the KIAA1794 locus. These data add up to two conclusions. First, KIAA1794 is a FA gene. Second, this gene is identical to FANCI, since the patient cell lines found mutated in this study included the reference cell line for group I, EUFA592.
A Framework for Lexical Selection in Natural Language Generation

A~M~'g~ef~ This t ~ i ~ dc:~cdbcs a proeedmc Ru' lexical se. le=,:! [~ia~ of OlW, n-claSS k:xicN items in a natmal langp.age gca~:~atkm sysRm. A,l optimum R;xical seleetiol; ua}t~nig ~mlst [i~. : able tO Ira|nice. rt~. lizati,'m decisions mldc; vary-. i~g rcugextna~ cit'cmastances. First, it must be N)le to iy;;,? -,i~ ~, withont the illlhlCUCe of coiitext~ based ou |llCT, ll. lug cm~e~poadcuces I~elwcen elemeuls of couccptual ill" imt a,,d ~hu k:xic. ~l i~e~'emo~y of thc talget language. S(mO~ld, it must t~.~ ~,bh~ to use contextl~d constlaims, as sup° F ;~f~ by coll~,.:adoaM iaf(~nuatio~ ii~ tfie gcneralion lexb c(m. '~ hi~d, ihcru lilllSt ])! ) illt oplion O~ realizing input tepresenh liolts laonomiaally or th~ongh detinite dc.scripliuns. t,'il! ;iii3, the~e nntst alsu b(3 au option of tLsing elliplical co~tstruciions. The ~tttum of 1)ackgtouud kuowledgc and th{; all o~ithu~ v/c sugge. ~t lbr this task are. dcscrilav& The icxical xetcctiou pr t~dt t re iS a part of a couq)fehgnsive j~eltcra{ton Systeub D[OGI,2qE%
ICASE Report No . 91-72 ICASE VIENNA FORTRAN m A FORTRAN LANGUAGE EXTENSION FOR DISTRIBUTED MEMORY MULTIPROCESSORS

Exploiting the performance potential of distributed memory machines requires a careful distribution of data across the processors. Vienna Fortran is a language extension of Fortran which provides the user with a wide range of facilities for such mapping of data structures. However, programs in Vienna Fortran are written using global data references. Thus, the user has the advantages of a shared memory programming paradigm while explicitly controlling the placement of data. In this paper, we present the basic features of Vienna Fortran along with a set of examples illustrating the use of these features. *The work described in this paper is being carried out as part of the research project "Virtual Shared Memory for Multiprocessor Systems with Distributed Memory" funded by the Austrian Research Foundation (FWF) under the grant number P7576-TEC and the ESPRIT project "An Automatic Parallelization System for Genesis" funded by the Austrian Ministry for Science and Research (BMWF). This research was also supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under NASA contract NAS1-18605 while the authors were in residence at ICASE, Mail Stop 132C, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23666. The authors assume all responsibility for the contents of the paper. tDepartment of Statistics and Computer Science, University of Vienna, Rathausstrasse 19/II/3, A1010 Vienna AUSTRIA tICASE, MS 132C, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton VA. 23666 USA
Performing Cognitive Bias Modification training on a smartphone compared to an online version in young adults

Excessive substance abuse in young adults could develop into addiction. A possible cost-effective intervention that could reduce excessive alcohol consumption is Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM). However, this intervention causes a low motivation to train. This study will examine the effects of performing a CBM intervention. Participants (n = 64) completed a CBM training either on a computer or on their mobile device. Performing the CBM on a smartphone led to more completed CBM training blocks. No change in alcohol approach bias and alcohol use were found.
Novel Three-Dimensional Embedded FPGA Technology and Achitecture

In this paper we present a high density three-dimensional (3D) interconnect network implementation based on a modified Mesh-of-Trees (MoT) topology for an embedded FPGA architecture design targeted for high performance 3D integration. To obtain the optimal MoT-based interconnect structure, the routing architecture of the 2D MoT-based FPGA is modified to include long routing segments that span multiple switch blocks in every row and column. By adjusting the percentage of long wire and span, a 2.5D or 3D high density MoT-based embedded FPGAs can be designed. For the 3D multi-stacked MoT-based FPGAs, the 2D MoTbased FPGA is sliced into two or more equal sections by adjusting the length of the long wire span. The long wire segments are realized using 3D through silicon via (TSVs) and 2.5D interposer-based multi-FPGAs, we increase the number of cuts and apply appropriate optimization models to scale down the number of long wires and horizontal inter-FPGA interposer wires. Using our 2.5/3D CAD models, we demonstrate the speed and area of 3D MoT-based FPGA architecture improved by 54% and 41% respectively in comparison to 3D Mesh-based FPGAs.