Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Dual-Transition Survey of CO in the Coma Cluster of Galaxies

We present CO (1–0) and (2–1) observations of 33 galaxies in the Coma/Abell 1367 supercluster made with the IRAM 30 m telescope. In addition, we observed four of the galaxies with the 15 m JCMT, at CO (2–1). The indicative molecular gas mass correlates strongly with the dust mass, and a stronger relationship is seen between the far-infrared and CO surface brightnesses than between the simple luminosities. Comparison of CO (2–1) spectra from IRAM and JCMT allows an estimate of the size of the CO emission region, which varies between 10% and 100% of the size of the optical disk, contrary to earlier estimates that the CO is contained within the optical half-light radius. There is a slight suggestion that starburst galaxies have a lower ratio of brightness temperatures, Tb(2–1)/Tb(1–0), than other galaxies.
Discretized Lyapunov functional for systems with distributed delay and piecewise constant coefficients

The stability problem for systems with distributed delay is considered using discretized Lyapunov functional. The coefficients associated with the distributed delay are assumed to be piecewise constant, and the discretization mesh may be non-uniform. The resulting stability criteria are written in the form of linear matrix inequality. Numerical examples are also provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the method. The basic idea can be extended to a more general setting with more involved formulation.
THE USE OF RUQYAH QUR’ANIYAH THERAPY ON THE EFFECT OF BRAIN WAVES HEALING TOURETTE SYNDROME PATIENTS

Ruqyah is a prayer therapy used for specific treatments, which consists of a particular series of readings from the sources of the verses of the Qur’an and the hadith of the Prophet Muhamad SAW. Imam Qurtubi believed that ‘ruqyah quraniyah’ therapy could contribute to healing physical and spiritual ailments. The resonance effect on the ruqyah therapy of the verses of the Qur’an has a tremendous impact on each reading that is heard (voiced) for various objects. The Research question in this research is how the effectiveness of using ruqyah quraniyah on the effect of brain waves on the healing of Tourette syndrome patients at dr.Sardjito Yogyakarta? This study uses a qualitative method with an experimental phenomenological approach. The experimental stage stimulated it with a variant of the codification of the ruqyah verses in the form of ‘Hizb Bahr,’ which was tested on pediatric neurology patients for eight weeks so that the patient’s brain memory records resulted in refraction and habits. This result indicates that patients with TS change to improve along with psychological conditions that can be calmed by listening to the beauty of the ‘Hizb Bahr’ in daily life for eight consecutive weeks. The state of listening to the beauty of reading the Qur’an in this ‘ruqyah quraniyah’ codification model essentially conditions the patient’s brain waves at the alpha level. No frontal beta makes the patient perform reflex activities as long as his psychological state is calm and controlled.
Results from the opacity project and TOPbase

The main results from the international Opacity Project are described, emphasizing its atomic database service, TOPbase, installed at the Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg, France, since January 1993. A critical evaluation of the numerical approach used in the Project to compute atomic data (energy levels, gf-values and photoionization cross sections) for astrophysical applications is also given, in particular in relation to recent developments to treat bound-bound transitions in intermediate-coupling as applied to the intercombination lines of the Be isoelectronic sequence.
Whole Dietary Patterns, Cognitive Decline and Cognitive Disorders: A Systematic Review of Prospective and Intervention Studies

Dementia prevalence is a global public health concern. Adherence towards a healthy dietary pattern (DP) may reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. This narrative systematic review aimed to synthesise prospective and intervention study data to evaluate the impact of a-posteriori and a-priori derived DPs on cognitive ageing, from cognitive decline to incident dementia. Ninety-three studies were included: 83 prospective studies and 10 randomised controlled trials (RCT). Most prospective studies (77%) examined a-priori DPs, with the Mediterranean diet examined most frequently. A total of 52% of prospective and 50% of RCTs reported a protective relationship between ‘healthy’ DPs and global cognitive decline. Overall, 59% of prospective studies reported positive associations between healthy DPs and risk of cognitive disorder. Incident cognitive disorder was examined by only one intervention study (subgroup analysis) which reported a beneficial effect of a low-fat diet on risk of probable dementia in women. Unhealthy DPs were examined less frequently (n = 17; 21%), with 41% of these studies reporting associations between adherence and poorer cognitive outcomes. Overall, there were mixed results for healthy and unhealthy DPs on cognition, likely due to between-study heterogeneity. Standardisation of diet exposure and cognitive outcome measurement would help to reduce this. Future research would benefit from investigating effects of culturally appropriate DPs on individual cognitive domains and incident cognitive disorders in diverse and high-risk populations.
A Voxel-Based Morphometric Study of Gray Matter in Specific Phobia

The objective of this study was to analyze the neurostructural abnormalities of brain areas responsible for the acquisition and maintenance of fear in small animal phobia by comparing gray matter volume (GMV) in individuals with phobia and non-fearful controls. Structural magnetic resonance imaging was obtained from 62 adults (79% female) assigned to one of two groups: 31 were diagnosed with small animal phobia and 31 were non-fearful controls. To investigate structural alterations, a whole-brain voxel-based morphometry analysis was conducted to compare the GMV of the brain areas involved in fear between both groups. The results indicated that individuals with a small animal specific phobia showed smaller GMV in cortical regions, such as the orbitofrontal (OFC) and medial frontal cortex, and greater GMV in the putamen than non-fearful controls. These brain areas are responsible for avoidant behavior (putamen) and emotional regulation processes or inhibitory control (prefrontal cortex (PFC)), which might suggest a greater vulnerability of phobic individuals to acquiring non-adaptive conditioned responses and emotional dysregulation. The findings provide preliminary support for the involvement of structural deficits in OFC and medial frontal cortex in phobia, contributing to clarify the neurobiological substrates for phobias.
Effect Of Membrane Bending Stiffness On The Deformation Of Elastic Capsules In Extensional Flow: A Lattice Boltzmann Study

The transient deformation of liquid capsules enclosed by elastic membranes in two-dimensional extensional flow is studied numerically, using an improved immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of interfacial bending stiffness on the deformation of such capsules, under the subcritical elasticity capillary number conditions. The present model can simulate flow-induced deformation of capsules with arbitrary resting shapes (concerning the in-plane tension) and bending-free configurations. The deformation of capsules with initially circular, elliptical, and biconcave resting shapes was investigated in the present study; the capsules' bending-free configurations were considered as either circular shapes or their initially resting shapes. The results show that for capsules with bending-free configuration as circles, membrane bending rigidity has significant rounding effect on the steady deformed profiles. For elliptical and biconcave capsules with resting shapes as the bending-free configurations, it is found that with the bending stiffness increasing, the capsules' steady shapes are more akin to their initial shapes.
Photoabsorption and photoionization of HeH

The photoabsorption spectrum of the HeH{sup +} molecular ion is investigated. The theoretical study includes transitions to electronically excited states and to the ionization continuum. The influence of autoionizing resonances is discussed. In the absorption spectrum, vibrational motion is considered within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, whereas the reflection approximation is applied for the photoionization spectrum. The importance of the photoabsorption spectrum for the ongoing tritium neutrino-mass experiments is discussed. In order to assess the accuracy of the numerical approach, the doubly excited states of HeH{sup +} (position and width) and the photoionization spectrum of H{sub 2} are compared to literature data.
Free-space electro-optic sampling with a high-repetition-rate regenerative amplified laser

The use of a high-repetition-rate (250 kHz) regenerative amplified laser with μJ pulse energy in a free-space THz beam electro-optic sampling system has produced a significant improvement in both the signal-to-noise ratio (>105) and absolute probe beam photomodulation depth (>19%). Focal plane images of the electric field distribution (strength and polarity) in dipole and quadrupole planar photoconductive emitters are presented. Preliminary results of real-time 2D THz images of moving objects have also been obtained.
On the Reliability and Calibration of Ensemble Forecasts

Abstract An important aspect of ensemble forecasting is that the resulting probabilities are reliable (i.e., the forecast probabilities match the observed frequencies). In the medium-range forecasting context, the literature tends to focus on the requirement that, for a reliable ensemble, the ensemble spread should be representative of the uncertainty in the mean, whereas in the seasonal forecasting context, the literature tends to focus on the requirement that, for a reliable ensemble, the ensemble forecasts should have the same climatological variance as the truth. In this note, the authors emphasize that both of these requirements are necessary for reliability and they clarify that a popular calibration method actually achieves both of these requirements.
Water-Quality Monitoring with a UAV-Mounted Multispectral Camera in Coastal Waters

Remote-sensing ocean colour studies have already been used to determine coastal water quality, coastal biodiversity, and nutrient availability. In recent years, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with multispectral sensors, originally designed for agriculture applications, have also enabled water-quality studies of coastal waters. However, since the sea surface is constantly changing, commonly used photogrammetric methods fail when applied to UAV images captured over water areas. In this work, we evaluate the applicability of a five-band multispectral sensor mounted on a UAV to derive scientifically valuable water parameters such as chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration and total suspended solids (TSS), including a new Python workflow for the manual generation of an orthomosaic in aquatic areas exclusively based on the sensor’s metadata. We show water-quality details in two different sites along the Maltese coastline on the centimetre-scale, improving the existing approximations that are available for the region through Sentinel-3 OLCI imagery at a much lower spatial resolution of 300 m. The Chl-a and TSS values derived for the studied regions were within the expected ranges and varied between 0 to 3 mg/m3 and 10 to 20 mg/m3, respectively. Spectral comparisons were also carried out along with some statistics calculations such as RMSE, MAE, or bias in order to validate the obtained results.
The Fault Diagnosis Algorithm of PLS-LSSVM Process Based on Base Vector Space

The method of least squares support vector machine has been improved based on base vector space theory, which solved the problem of weak handling ability of nonlinear, sparsity and variable multiple correlation in the fault diagnosis process for LSSVM. This article proposed a double sections fault diagnosis algorithm combined PLS with LSSVMBVS, it first builds regression analysis model, then puts the detected fault data in the trained LSSVMBVS classifier, diagnosing troubles. It verified the algorithm has better prediction accuracy and generalization performance by the TE platform.
Two-dimensional speckle spectroscopy of Hα features

In May 2002, the solar chromosphere was observed with a two-dimensional spectrometer which is mounted in the German Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) at the Observatorio del Teide/Tenerife. The aim of this observation was to investigate the fine structure of the solar chromosphere seen in Hα. We took narrow-band filtergrams (Δλ ≈ 72 mA) by scanning through this line. Broad-band images taken strictly simultaneously with the narrow-band filtergrams were restored by speckle methods. The instantaneous optical transfer function from this restoration procedure was used for the reconstruction of the narrow-band images. Some results of this high spatial resolution observation are presented below.
Wavelet-Based Harmonic Magnitude Measurement in the Presence of Interharmonics

The increasing proliferation of power electronic converters, nonlinear loads, and distributed generation are leading to increased levels of harmonic and interharmonics in power networks. As a consequence, power quality (PQ) has become a critical performance indicator for power utilities and end-users. This study proposes a novel harmonic estimation method based on the real-time stationary discrete wavelet packet transform (RT-SDWPT). The proposed technique decomposes an input signal into frequency bands with harmonic information at cutoff frequencies and uses a compensation strategy to estimate root mean square (RMS) values of harmonics at every sampling period. The performance and effectiveness of the proposed method are assessed using real measurement data from field cases and experimental setup. The real measurements include challenging scenarios with harmonics, subharmonics, interharmonics, frequency deviation, and non-stationary PQ events. The proposed method outperforms the harmonic estimation provided by the discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based approach and existing wavelet packet-based methods in terms of accuracy and speed.
An In Vivo Screening Model for Investigation of Pathophysiology of Human Implantation Failure

To improve current infertility treatments, it is important to understand the pathophysiology of implantation failure. However, many molecules are involved in the normal biological process of implantation and the roles of each molecule and the molecular mechanism are not fully understood. This review highlights the hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ; Sendai virus) envelope (HVJ-E) vector, which uses inactivated viral particles as a local and transient gene transfer system to the murine uterus during the implantation period in order to investigate the molecular mechanism of implantation. In vivo screening in mice using the HVJ-E vector system suggests that signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (Stat-3) could be a diagnostic and therapeutic target for women with a history of implantation failure. The HVJ-E vector system hardly induces complete defects in genes; however, it not only suppresses but also transiently overexpresses some genes in the murine uterus. These features may be useful in investigating the pathophysiology of implantation failure in women.
The influence of collapse wall on self-excited oscillation pulsed jet nozzle performance

The self-excited oscillation pulsed jet (SOPJ) is widely used owing to its simple structure and good separation of pressure source and system. The structure of nozzle is one of the main factors that influence the performance of the SOPJ nozzle. Upper collapse wall and lower collapse wall is important to the formation and transmission of eddy in oscillation cavity. In this paper, the influence of collapse wall on SOPJ nozzle was analyzed by numerical simulation. The LES algorithm was used to simulate the flow of different combinations of collapse wall. The result showed that when both collapse walls are of the same type, the SOPJ nozzle will have a good performance; the influence of upper collapse wall is more obvious than lower one; model of two-semi-circle upper collapse wall is the first choice when we design SOPJ nozzle.
Acoustic modeshape inversion using deep water ambient noise measurements

Assuming that ambient noise can be represented by a sum of uncorrelated acoustic modes, the eigenvectors of the noise covariance matrix for a vertical line array should correspond to the sampled modeshapes. In previous work several authors have investigated using an eigendecomposition of the noise covariance to estimate the mode functions in shallow water, e.g., Wolf et al. [Proc. of the 1993 IEEE Oceans Conf. ,vol. I, pp. 99‐104], Hursky et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , 109(4), pp. 1355‐1366], and Nielsen and Westwood [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , 111(2), pp. 748‐756]. While the same approach should work for deep water scenarios, only few deep water experiments have deployed arrays with sufficient aperture to resolve the modes, e.g., the work D'Spain et al. [Pure appl. geophys. , Vol. 158, pp. 475‐512]. This paper explores the problem of inverting for the acoustic modes of a deep water waveguide using ambient noise measurements. In particular the paper focuses on important signal processing issues, including data snapshot requirements, and the effects of array tilt. Data from a deep water propagation experiment will be used to quantify how well the empirical modes match the true modes derived from measured environmental data. [Work supported by an ONR Young Investigator Award. ]
GeV Wakefield acceleration of low energy electron bunches using Petawatt lasers

The possibility of accelerating electrons to the GeV level using a Petawatt laser focused in a uniform plasma is investigated. The proposed scheme relies on the wakefield acceleration of an electron bunch from a state-of-the-art radio-frequency accelerator. Using an analytical model as well as numerical simulations performed with WAKE [P. Mora and T. M. Antonsen, Phys. Plasmas 4, 217 (1997)], a systematical study of the injector parameters is carried out. In particular, it is found that the quality of the accelerated electron bunch—in terms of bunch length and energy spread—depends crucially on the injection energy. Injection energies of a few MeV lead to a GeV electron beam with sub-100fs bunches and 10% energy spreads. Most of the features of the acceleration process can be explained within the linear response framework, including both the reduction of energy spread and bunch length at low injection energies. The role of nonlinear effects is discussed.
Nonlinear Bragg reflection waveguide

The ability of Bragg reflection waveguides to support TE‐polarized nonlinear guided waves is studied. The dispersion relation for these waves is derived analytically. The numerical studies address the dependence of their propagation constants upon the interface intensity, the guided field power, and their evolution as they propagate down the guide. The characteristic features of the nonlinear guided waves are identified as power thresholds, instability on positively‐sloped branches of the dispersion curve and symmetry breaking with the formation of spatial solitons.
Error field experiments in JET

Error field induced modes have been a significant concern for next step devices. Experiments on JET, using the lower saddle coils to simulate such fields, have determined the critical scaling dependences of error field sensitivity in terms of global plasma parameters, under the conditions most relevant to next step operation. These experiments indicate relatively weak toroidal field scaling for the error field strength required to induce a locked mode, while confirming the linear density scaling observed on other devices. Correction of intrinsic errors improves low density access and assists end-of-pulse disruption avoidance. Additional heating studies have shown a strong effect of q = 2 rotation on the threshold, but a much weaker dependence on β and the H mode transition. Error field modes have also led to neoclassical tearing modes at appropriate collisionality and β. Other parameter dependences have been examined: plasma inductance has a strong effect, but plasma configuration (limiter or divertor) is less important. Application of a dimensional scaling constraint enables determination of machine size scaling, which is found to be weak. This leads to the relatively tolerable error field sensitivity expected for devices such as ITER FDR. However, there remain some important questions to be answered about the effects of rotation on error field sensitivity, and for ITER FDR some means of correction remains prudent.
Attenuating the large-scale turbulent oscillations sustained by shallow cavities with a perforated lid

Marine engineers face a challenging problem when designing recessed cavities that require perforated covers. Under certain geometric and kinematic conditions, the separated shear layers directly above the perforations support the spatial maturity of periodic large-scale structures. Intermittent spoilers attenuate the structure's maturity by interrupting communication between the shear layer and the adjacent inner cavity, but this success fails during transient flow conditions. In the far-field, the corresponding noise pulse is easily detectable. Evolutionary growth of the streamwise structures originates from small Kelvin–Helmholtz (K–H) waves within the shear layers just after separation and are sustained by a pressure feedback mechanism that occurs within the cavity itself. Herein, the resolved physics from large-eddy simulations along with the previous experimental evidence show analogous fundamental characteristics between the open and perforated covered cavities regardless of whether upstream separation is laminar or turbulent. These quantitative analogies are equally similar for lids perforated by staggered circular holes or slots that are tightly spaced in the streamwise direction. An alternative measure permits formation of the K–H waves, then successfully mitigates their streamwise growth by elongating the distance between perforations. This latter corrective measure reverses the mean resultant lid force to the preferred outboard direction.
Quantifying the Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of PM2.5 Pollution and Its Determinants in 273 Cities in China

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution brings great negative impacts to human health and social development. From the perspective of heterogeneity and the combination of national and urban analysis, this study aims to investigate the variation patterns of PM2.5 pollution and its determinants, using geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) in 273 Chinese cities from 2015 to 2019. A comprehensive analytical framework was established, composed of 14 determinants from multi-dimensions, including population, economic development, technology, and natural conditions. The results indicated that: (1) PM2.5 pollution was most severe in winter and the least severe in summer, while the monthly, daily, and hourly variations showed “U”-shaped, pulse-shaped and “W”-shaped patterns; (2) Coastal cities in southeast China have better air quality than other cities, and the interaction between determinants enhanced the spatial disequilibrium of PM2.5 pollution; (3) The determinants showed significant heterogeneity on PM2.5 pollution—specifically, population density, trade openness, the secondary industry, and invention patents exhibited the strongest positive impacts on PM2.5 pollution in the North China Plain. Relative humidity, precipitation and per capita GDP were more effective in improving atmospheric quality in cities with serious PM2.5 pollution. Altitude and the proportion of built-up areas showed strong effects in western China. These findings will be conductive to formulating targeted and differentiated prevention strategies for regional air pollution control.