Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Fiber Optic Biosensors Based on Chitinase Immobilization on Chitosan Film-Tofu Solid Waste: Metal Ions Monitoring in Water

A fiber-optic biosensor based on the immobilization of chitinase enzyme on chitosan-solid waste tofu film has been proven to be effective for analyzing the presence of Cd (II) ions in the coastal area of Makassar. The working mechanism of the fiber optic biosensor is based on the inhibitory properties of the chitinase enzyme by the metal ion Cd (II). Research objectives determine the optimization of chitosan film by using solid waste tofu immobilized chitinase, characterization of chitosan film - solid waste tofu immobilized kiinase, the characterization of fiber optic biosensors includes inhibition percentage and measurement concentration range, detection limit value, selectivity and reproducibility. The results showed the optimum conditions for chitosan film-solid waste tofu at a concentration ratio of 55%: 45% with an intensity of 32.01, tensile strength of film (tensile strength) of 36.01. The characterization of the biosensor which includes the percentage of inhibition, and the measurement concentration range of Cd (II) ion was obtained at a percentage of 27.126% with a measurement concentration range of 1.0 x 10-5 – 1 x 10-8 M or equivalent to 0.0083 – 8.30 ppm (103 Cd (II) 83.0 ppm). The detection limit value is 6.1 or equivalent to 5.9 x 10-6 M (0.00076 ppm). The fiber optic biosensor is selective for Co (II), Cd (II) and Zn (II) ions with a biosensor reproducibility of 0.1592 + 0.0562. The measurement results for the concentration of metal ion Cd (II) at 4 (four) locations were in the range of 0.1446 – 0.270, the lowest was at the Losari Beach location at 0.1446 ppm while the highest was obtained at the Soekarno Hatta Port location at 0.2194 ppm. The fiber optic biosensor measurement did not differ significantly from the SSA
Feasibility of Cherry Pit Particles as a Natural Reinforcement in Polypropylene

Using natural materials as reinforcements for polypropylene to alter composite properties and cost is a well-known approach. Often, wood particles are used for that. These give reasonable reinforcement, but are also sought after by other industries, e.g., for energy production, and may also not be available everywhere. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate cherry pit particles as an alternative material for polypropylene reinforcement. Cherry pits originate as a by-product from fruit processing and have not been utilized until now as reinforcement. Cherry pit particles were produced by milling the pits, and afterwards composites were produced by compounding and injection molding. Mechanical properties and melt flow were investigated. We found some reinforcement effect, but to a lesser extent than wood particles. The cherry pit particles contain some fatty acid components, which reduce tensile properties and increase the melt flow rate of the composites. For future applications, methods for reducing these fatty acids to improve reinforcement capabilities should be investigated.
Smart villages, rural development and community vulnerability in Indonesia: A bibliometric analysis

Abstract Rural areas are significantly affected by spatial vulnerability, the digital divide, depopulation, and population aging. Marginalized populations seek collective well-being, social inclusion, and local development in smart villages, an area of interest that is increasingly important for scholars and practitioners, as well as rural areas and communities. This article explores global trends in conceptual approaches and smart village planning and identifies whether these trends are in line with smart interventions implemented in Indonesia. To achieve this goal, this research utilizes various existing literature through bibliometric analysis by obtaining data from the Scopus database. This study was built based on bibliometric analysis, this study focuses on identifying the application of the smart village concept that is implemented in local village development in rural Indonesia. The results show that innovation, knowledge, growth, and management seem to have an impact on smart rural planning in Indonesia, while the smart village model which only utilizes information systems and technology shows its limitations so it is necessary to also focus on elements of smart government, smart environment, and smart community. This study shows that there are differences in the goals of smart village development when compared to smart cities and enriches the exploration of smart village theory that can be implemented in various villages in particular. Therefore it is suggested to increase the awareness and active involvement of local stakeholders in Indonesia.
Exploring a Nuclear-Selective Radioisotope Delivery System for Efficient Targeted Alpha Therapy

Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) has garnered significant interest as an innovative cancer therapy. Owing to their high energy and short range, achieving selective α-particle accumulation in target tumor cells is crucial for obtaining high potency without adverse effects. To meet this demand, we fabricated an innovative radiolabeled antibody, specifically designed to selectively deliver 211At (α-particle emitter) to the nuclei of cancer cells. The developed 211At-labeled antibody exhibited a superior effect compared to its conventional counterparts. This study paves the way for organelle-selective drug delivery.
Point target probabilistic multiple hypothesis tracking

Probabilistic Multiple Hypothesis Tracking (PMHT) is an algorithm for multi-target tracking in clutter with computational requirements, which are linear in the number of targets and the number of measurements. In order to achieve this, the PMHT removes the point target constraint, and uses the expectation maximisation procedure to optimise both data association probabilities and the target trajectory state estimates. However, PMHT is known to have high track-loss percentage in comparison with Probabilistic Data Association, at least in point target tracking. The authors propose a new PMHT-like algorithm to solve some problems of PMHT. In this study they revert the point target constraint. The authors call the new algorithm Point target PMHT. Simulation results show the efficiency of this method.
A CORRELATIONAL STUDY TO EXAMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGGRESSION OF ADOLESCENTS AND THEIR PARENTAL BEHAVIOR AMONG ADOLESCENTS OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF DISTRICT PANIPAT

Adolescence is a period of developing knowledge and skills, learning to manage emotions, and acquiring qualities and abilities that will be important for enjoying adolescence and assuming adult roles. Boys have been found to be more aggressive than girls. A quantitative research approach and a non-experimental research design were used to correlate aggression and parental behaviour
Imitation Learning-Based System for the Execution of Self-Paced Robotic-Assisted Passive Rehabilitation Exercises

The development of robotic-assisted rehabilitation exercises involving physical human-robot interaction requires extreme care since an injured limb may be in physical contact with the robot, so compliant behavior is imperative for these tasks. Typical approaches involve force control schemes like admittance controllers that allow humans to adapt the motion. However, when the patient's limb has limited mobility or is potentially injured, unintentional forces may occur during the robot's trajectory that could be incompatible with these controllers. This letter addresses a new way of generating compliant trajectories for passive rehabilitation exercises, considering that previous positions of the trajectory are attainable for the patient, so reversing the trajectory is a safe operation. Since there is no clear way to optimize such a goal due to the physiological variability among patients, the condition of reversal is based on imitation learning by taking the analogous healthy limb of the patient as a reference and encoding the forces using Gaussian Mixture Regression, and reversibility is accomplished by means of Reversible Dynamic Movement Primitives. The system allows for self-paced rehabilitation exercises by back-and-forth movements along the trajectory according to the patient's reaction, and it has been successfully applied to a 4-DOF parallel robot for lower-limb rehabilitation.
Factors Influencing the Usage of E-Business to Improve SME Performance

This article presents a theoretical framework for investigating factors influencing e-commerce implementation among SMEs to enhance their performance, and how these factors—percieved ease of use, perceived usefulness, and perceived privacy—could be used for this purpose. Furthermore, this article examined these factors' influence on e-commerce adoption based on three theories, “resource-based view, unified theory of acceptance and use of technology theories. ” The data was obtained from a novel questionnaire, which was distributed copies to owners and managers of two hundred and five (205) SMEs in Oyo State, Nigeria. PLS-SEM for analysing empirical data derived. It was found that SMEs' e-commerce adoption to enhance their performance is highly impacted by perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. On the other hand, perceived privacy is not significantly linked to e-commerce use. The findings were then used to construct a conceptual framework for e-commerce adoption among SMEs.
Progress on Memristor-Based Analog Logic Operation

There is always a need for low-power, area-efficient VLSI (Very Large-Scale Integration) design and this need is increasing day by day. However, conventional design methods based on Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) devices and Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor (CMOS) technology cannot meet the performance requirements. The memristor, as a promising computing and memory integration device, offers a new research idea for conventional logic circuit structure and architecture innovation, given its non-volatility, scalability, low power consumption, fast switching speed, etc. This paper proposes a brief overview of the characteristics and current status of memristor-based logic circuits and analyzes their applications in numerical expression and memory. The benefits and drawbacks of various analog logic circuit structures are summarized and compared. In addition, some solution strategies for these issues are presented. Finally, this paper offers prospects for the applications of memristors in the logic implementation of large-scale memristor arrays, the novel structure of in-memory computing, and neural network computing.
An Evaluative Review of Barriers to Critical Thinking in Educational and Real-World Settings

Though a wide array of definitions and conceptualisations of critical thinking have been offered in the past, further elaboration on some concepts is required, particularly with respect to various factors that may impede an individual’s application of critical thinking, such as in the case of reflective judgment. These barriers include varying levels of epistemological engagement or understanding, issues pertaining to heuristic-based thinking and intuitive judgment, as well as emotional and biased thinking. The aim of this review is to discuss such barriers and evaluate their impact on critical thinking in light of perspectives from research in an effort to reinforce the ‘completeness’ of extant critical thinking frameworks and to enhance the potential benefits of implementation in real-world settings. Recommendations and implications for overcoming such barriers are also discussed and evaluated.
Based on Multiple Linear Regression Model, Analyze the Influencing Factors of New Energy Vehicle Stock

—With the public’s awareness of environmental protection, new energy vehicles have been favored by more and more consumers. However, in the development process of new energy, in fact, there are risks caused by the fluctuation of many influencing factors. Therefore, how to formulate reasonable technological development routes and market strategies according to China’s actual situation and combined with the characteristics of new energy vehicle technology, so increase international competitiveness and increase stock market value has become an important topic for the development of China’s new energy vehicle industry. First, this paper combines domestic and foreign representative companies of the new energy vehicle industry to analyze the industry status quo. Secondly, it analyzes the strategic environment for the development of new energy automobile industry. In the process of research, the influence hypothesis of China Consumer Price Index (CPI), Exchange rate (USD-CNY) and the company’s net profit on the company’s stock price was put forward. Taking Tesla, BYD and NIO as examples, SPSS software was used to analyze the data from January 2021 to October 2022. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted by using China CPI, Exchange rate (USD-CNY) and the company’s net profit as independent variables. The hypothesis is proved and disproved by BETA coefficient, and the influence of three variables on the company’s stock price and its reasons are analyzed. Finally, it puts forward some policy suggestions to enhance the international competitiveness of the new-energy automobile industry.
Patients’ experiences of treatment migration from ART triple pill to fixed-dose combination therapy in Ngaka Modiri Molema District, North West Province, South Africa

Introduction: Migration of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) from triple pill therapy to a fixed-dose combination (FDC) was initiated to the public sector of South Africa to help with adherence to treatment as it would reduce the pill burden significantly. PLWH experiences regarding the transition from triple pill therapy to FDC in antiretroviral therapy (ART) remain unknown. Material and methods: This study explores and describes the experiences of PLWH regarding migration from triple pill therapy to FDC. The study was conducted in Community Health Centres (CHC) in Ngaka Modiri Molema District in the North West province, South Africa. A qualitative exploratory descriptive design was used and the target population comprised all PLWH who have been on ART for more than a year on the triple pill and are currently on FDC. A purposive sampling technique was used and the sample size was determined by data saturation ( n = 15). Data collection was done using unstructured interviews, using audiotapes and field notes. Data analysis was done using ATLAS.ti and followed the notice-collect-think (NCT) analysis. Results: Results were discussed based on three themes: challenges experienced through the triple pill, factors influencing intake of FDC and other factors that negatively influence the triple pill and FDC intake. Conclusions: These findings provide insight into why patients do not adhere to ART. A focus on treatment education would promote knowledge among patients, increase responsibility, and enhance adherence. Support groups and treatment buddies must be emphasized in the provision of support for clients, even if community health workers can be involved.
Parallel Modeling of Three-dimensional Variably Saturated Ground Water Flows with Unstructured Mesh using Open Source Finite Volume Platform Openfoam

Abstract We report the development of a three-dimensional open source model suGWFoam, based on the multiphysics platform OpenFOAM for variably saturated flow in porous media. The nonlinear Richards equation is spatially discretized on unstructured meshes using finite volume method in conjunction with the modified Picard iterative method, which inherently guarantees conservation of mass. A switching algorithm between different forms of the Richards equation is implemented and three choices of convergence criteria suitable for different simulation scenarios are provided. The linearized equation results in a symmetric matrix system which can be solved with one of the following Krylov subspace linear solvers: preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG), incomplete Cholesky preconditioned conjugate gradient (ICCG) and geometric agglomerated algebraic multigrid (GAMG). Various preconditioners are runtime selectable. Parallel computation through domain decomposition shows good speedup for large scale simulations. Comparing to other available codes for ground water, the merits of this model reside in the architecture of OpenFOAM. Built upon the modularized and hierarchical design of the platform, this model has less than several hundreds of lines of code on its top level and yet has the full functionalities for three-dimensional unstructured mesh, parallel computing, and numerous choices of spatial and temporal discretization schemes. This liberates the researchers in the water resource community from the tedious and long process of coding. It is also extremely easy to couple groundwater flow with surface water hydrodynamics using existing flow solvers (such as channel flows and waves) in OpenFOAM. This model is fully functional and validations show excellent agreement with data in literature for a wide range of applications. It can be used for both fundamental researches and real world applications.
Non-Antibiotic Compounds Synergistically Kill Chronic Wound-Associated Bacteria and Disrupt Their Biofilms

Chronic wounds and their treatment present a significant burden to patients and healthcare systems alike, with their management further complicated by bacterial infection. Historically, antibiotics have been deployed to prevent and treat infections, but the emergence of bacterial antimicrobial resistance and the frequent development of biofilms within the wound area necessitates the identification of novel treatment strategies for use within infected chronic wounds. Here, several non-antibiotic compounds, polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), curcumin, retinol, polysorbate 40, ethanol, and D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate 1000 (TPGS) were screened for their antibacterial and antibiofilm capabilities. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and crystal violet (CV) biofilm clearance against two bacteria frequently associated with infected chronic wounds, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were determined. PHMB was observed to have highly effective antibacterial activity against both bacteria, but its ability to disperse biofilms at MIC levels was variable. Meanwhile, TPGS had limited inhibitory activity but demonstrated potent antibiofilm properties. The subsequent combination of these two compounds in a formulation resulted in a synergistic enhancement of their capability to kill both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and disperse their biofilms. Collectively, this work highlights the utility of combinatory approaches to the treatment of infected chronic wounds where bacterial colonization and biofilm formation remains significant issues.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR CREEP-RUPTURE STRENGTH BASED ON LARSON-MILLER PARAMETER

Though the differentiating and integrating process a mathematical model for creep-rupture was derived based on the attribute of state function and the general formula of Larson-Miller parameter, which correlates the creep-rupture strength with the short time tensile strength of materials at elevated temperature. Using the established model, the linear relationships between the creep-rupture stresses and the times to rupture in logarithm was proved theoretically, and reduced a long-term creep-rupture procedure of materials at elevated temperature to the measure and calculation of a short time tensile experiments at higher temperatures. Moreover, the 10 5 hours creep-rupture strength of steel Mod.9Cr-1Mo at 500℃～550℃ were calculated by this method. The predicting results show that it is consistent with actually tested values.
Additional Enhancement of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectra of Myoglobin Precipitated under Action of Laser Irradiation on Self-Assembled Nanostructured Surface of Ag Films

The modifications of the microstructure of myoglobin deposited onto SERS-active Ag-based substrates by drying a drop of aqueous solution with and without laser irradiation and the corresponding surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra are studied. It is shown that drying with laser irradiation leads to the formation of protein aggregates of various types, including crystal-like aggregates. It is also shown that after such drying, the aggregates generally have SERS spectra characterized by a change in the position of the vibration bands and the ratios of their amplitudes compared to the spectra of proteins dried without additional treatment. In particular, parts of the SERS spectra of aggregates formed under laser irradiation are characterized by an additional enhancement (up to 100×) compared to the SERS spectra of myoglobin dried in air at room temperature. The crystallization processes were modeled using the results of atomic force microscopy morphology studies of dried myoglobin on the SERS-active substrates to determine the conditions under which crystal-like aggregates start to grow at surface irregularities, specifically those with a volume close to that of the critical-size nucleus, and where the lowest energy of formation occurs. A correlation is established between surface irregularities, the amplitude, and the change in the SERS spectra during the drying of a myoglobin solution sample on a nanostructured Ag-based surface.
Correction of Roe's Approximate Riemann Solver for Non-Ideal Gas Equation of State

For the analysis of compressible flow with real gas effect, characteristic form of Roe's Riemann solver was derived again using real gas equation of state and variable specific heat, and it was extended to multi component reactive system. From this study, it is known that some correction should be made for the use of existing numerical algorithm. 1) Sonic speed and characteristic variable should be corrected with real gas effect. 2) Roe's average was applicable only with the assumption of constant properties. 3) Artificial damping term and characteristic variables should be corrected but their influence may not be significant.
Greening rate in North Korea doubles South Korea

South and North Korea have experienced contrasting economic developments since the 1950s while sharing similar climates. Previous studies revealed an overall long-term greening trend across the Korean Peninsula based on greenness data from coarse-resolution satellite images. However, there has been no comprehensive comparison of the greenness patterns and the driving mechanisms between two countries due to the limitations of coarse-resolution satellite data. Here, we performed cross-calibration among Landsat sensors and adopted a phenology-based approach to generate Landsat annual maximum Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVImax) time series for each pixel from 1986 to 2017. We found that over 1986–2017, the greening rate in North Korea was almost twice that of South Korea. Cropland in South Korea is the main source of the greening discrepancy. The expansion of agricultural facilities in the stable cropland area and urbanization in the cropland loss area of South Korea contributed 57% to the significant negative NDVImax trend, which was dominant over the forest NDVImax increase resulting from rising temperatures, CO2 fertilization effects and afforestation projects. However, in North Korea, CO2 fertilization effects in the stable cropland area and transition from grassland to cropland promoted an increase in NDVImax, despite decreasing NDVImax in forest areas due to deforestation. Our results highlight the need for delineating fine-scale land-use changes to advance our understanding of regional vegetation dynamics.