Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asteroseismic analysis of the roAp star α Circini: 84 d of high-precision photometry from the WIRE satellite

We present a detailed study of the pulsation of α Circini, the brightest of the rapidly oscillating Ap stars. We have obtained 84 d of high-precision photometry from four runs with the star tracker on the WIRE satellite. Simultaneously, we collected ground-based Johnson B observa- tions on 16 nights at the South African Astronomical Observatory. In addition to the dominant oscillation mode at 2442 μHz, we detect two new modes that lie symmetrically around the prin- cipal mode to form a triplet. The average separation between these modes isf = 30.173 ± 0.004 μHz and they are nearly equidistant with the separations differing by only 3.9 nHz. We compare the observed frequencies with theoretical pulsation models based on constraints from the recently determined interferometric radius and effective temperature, and the recently updated Hipparcos parallax. We show that the theoretical large separations for models of α Cir with global parameters within the 1σ observational uncertainties vary between 59 and 65 μHz. This is consistent with the large separation being twice the observed value off , indicating that the three main modes are of alternating even and odd degrees. The frequency differences in the triplet are significantly smaller than those predicted from our models, for all possible combinations of mode degrees, and may indicate that the effects of magnetic perturbations need to be taken into account. The WIRE light curves are modulated by a double wave with a period of 4.479 d, and a peak-to-peak amplitude of 4 mmag. This variation is due to the rotation of the star and is a new discovery, made possible by the high precision of the WIRE photometry. The rotational modulation confirms an earlier indirect determination of the ro- tation period. The main pulsation mode at 2442 μHz has two sidelobes split by exactly the rotation frequency. From the amplitude ratio of the sidelobes to the central peak, we show that the principal mode is consistent with an oblique axisymmetric dipole mode (l = 1, m = 0) or with a magnetically distorted mode of higher degree with a dominant dipolar component.
The role of arts-based curricula in professional identity formation: results of a qualitative analysis of learner’s written reflections

ABSTRACT Background Professional identity formation is an important aspect of medical education that can be difficult to translate into formal curricula. The role of arts and humanities programs in fostering professional identity formation remains understudied. Analyzing learners’ written reflections, we explore the relationship between an arts-based course and themes of professional identity formation. Materials and methods Two cohorts of learners participated in a 5-day online course featuring visual arts-based group activities. Both cohorts responded to a prompt with written reflections at the beginning and end of the course. Using a thematic analysis method, we qualitatively analyzed one set of reflections from each cohort. Results Themes included the nature of the good life; fulfilling, purposeful work; entering the physician role; exploration of emotional experience; and personal growth. Reflections written at the end of the course engaged significantly with art – including literature, poetry, lyrics, and film. One student disclosed a mental illness in their reflection. Conclusions Our qualitative analysis of reflections written during a visual arts-based course found several themes related to professional identity formation. Such arts-based courses can also enrich learners’ reflections and provide a space for learners to be vulnerable. Practice Points (five short bullets conveying the main points) Arts-based courses can support learners’ professional identity formation Reflection themes related to professional identity formation included entering the physician role, fulfilling clinical work, and personal growth At the end of the course, learners’ reflections included significant engagement with art Reflective writing in small, arts-based learning communities can provide space for learners to be vulnerable The Role of Arts-Based Curricula in Professional Identity Formation: Results of A Qualitative Analysis of Learner’s Written Reflections
Early Activation of iNKT Cells Increased Survival Time of BALB/c Mice in a Murine Model of Melioidosis

Melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. High interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels in naive mice were reported to mediate protection against B. pseudomallei infection. ABSTRACT Melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. High interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels in naive mice were reported to mediate protection against B. pseudomallei infection. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells can produce and secrete several cytokines, including IFN-γ. When iNKT cell-knockout (KO) BALB/c mice were infected with B. pseudomallei, their survival time was significantly shorter than wild-type mice. Naive BALB/c mice pretreated intraperitoneally with α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), an iNKT cell activator, 24 h before infection demonstrated 62.5% survival at the early stage, with prolonged survival time compared to nonpretreated infected control mice (14 ± 1 days versus 6 ± 1 days, respectively). At 4 h after injection with α-GalCer, treated mice showed significantly higher levels of serum IFN-γ, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, and IL-12 than control mice. Interestingly, the IFN-γ levels in the α-GalCer-pretreated group were decreased at 4, 24, and 48 h after infection, while they were highly increased in the control group. At 24 h postinfection in the α-GalCer group, bacterial loads were significantly lower in blood (no growth and 1,780.00 ± 51.21, P < 0.0001), spleens (no growth and 34,300 ± 1,106.04, P < 0.0001), and livers (1,550 ± 68.72 and 13,400 ± 1,066.67, P < 0.0001) than in the control group, but not in the lungs (15,300 ± 761.10 and 1,320 ± 41.63, P < 0.0001), and almost all were negative at 48 h postinfection. This study for the first time shows that early activation of iNKT cells by α-GalCer helps clearance of B. pseudomallei and prolongs mouse survival.
Dynamic of the accelerated expansion of the universe in the DGP model

According to experimental data of SNe Ia (Supernovae type Ia), we will discuss in detial dynamics of the DGP model and introduce a simple parametrization of matter $\omega$, in order to analyze scenarios of the expanding universe and the evolution of the scale factor. We find that the dimensionless matter density parameter at the present epoch $\Omega^0_m=0.3$, the age of the universe $t_0= 12.48$ Gyr, $\frac{a}{a_0}=-2.4e^{\frac{-t}{25.56}}+2.45$. The next we study the linear growth of matter perturbations, and we assume a definition of the growth rate, $f \equiv \frac{dln\delta}{dlna}$. As many authors for many years, we have been using a good approximation to the growth rate $f \approx \Omega^{\gamma(z)}_m$, we also find that the best fit of the growth index, $\gamma(z)\approx 0.687 - \frac{40.67}{1 + e^{1.7. (4.48 + z)}}$, or $\gamma(z)= 0.667 + 0.033z$ when $z\ll1$. We also compare the age of the universe and the growth index with other models and experimental data. We can see that the DGP model describes the cosmic acceleration as well as other models that usually refers to dark energy and Cold Dark Matter (CDM).
MODELING MAGNETOROTATIONAL TURBULENCE IN PROTOPLANETARY DISKS WITH DEAD ZONES

Turbulence driven by magnetorotational instability (MRI) crucially affects the evolution of solid bodies in protoplanetary disks. On the other hand, small dust particles stabilize MRI by capturing ionized gas particles needed for the coupling of the gas and magnetic fields. To provide an empirical basis for modeling the coevolution of dust and MRI, we perform three-dimensional, ohmic-resistive MHD simulations of a vertically stratified shearing box with an MRI-inactive “dead zone” of various sizes and with a net vertical magnetic flux of various strengths. We find that the vertical structure of turbulence is well characterized by the vertical magnetic flux and three critical heights derived from the linear analysis of MRI in a stratified disk. In particular, the turbulent structure depends on the resistivity profile only through the critical heights and is insensitive to the details of the resistivity profile. We discover scaling relations between the amplitudes of various turbulent quantities (velocity dispersion, density fluctuation, vertical diffusion coefficient, and outflow mass flux) and vertically integrated accretion stresses. We also obtain empirical formulae for the integrated accretion stresses as a function of the vertical magnetic flux and the critical heights. These empirical relations allow us to predict the vertical turbulent structure of a protoplanetary disk for a given strength of the magnetic flux and a given resistivity profile.
Assessing students interprofessional competence using a Swedish version of the Interprofessional Collaborator Assessment Rubric

ABSTRACT Valid instruments to assess interprofessional competence in students during clinical studies are needed, especially considering an increasingly pressured healthcare environment where supervisors have various experience of supervision and assessment. The aim of this study was to explore the applicability of a Swedish version of the Interprofessional Collaborator Assessment Rubric (ICAR) in different clinical education contexts from both student and supervisor perspectives. The study used a qualitative design. Data was collected using focus group discussions with students (n = 35) and individual interviews with supervisors (n = 8). Data was recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using content analysis. The findings show that the instrument was perceived as a relevant working tool for assessing interprofessional competencies. The importance for learning was highlighted, which included an increased understanding and insight about different professions’ roles and responsibilities, created opportunities of self-reflection and stimulated discussion about students’ individual assessments. In terms of the interpretation and understanding of included concepts and user instructions, different suggestions for clarification emerged. Views about time for assessment varied between students and supervisors. In this study, the Swedish version of ICAR was considered an adequate assessment tool for assessing students’ progression of interprofessional competencies in relation to course specific learning outcomes.
Traveling magnetopause distortion related to a large‐scale magnetosheath plasma jet: THEMIS and ground‐based observations

[1] Here, we present a case study of THEMIS and ground-based observations of the perturbed dayside magnetopause and the geomagnetic field in relation to the interaction of an interplanetary directional discontinuity (DD) with the magnetosphere on 16 June 2007. The interaction resulted in a large-scale local magnetopause distortion of an “expansion – compression – expansion” (ECE) sequence that lasted for ∼15 min. The compression was caused by a very dense, cold, and fast high-βmagnetosheath plasma flow, a so-called plasma jet, whose kinetic energy was approximately three times higher than the energy of the incident solar wind. The plasma jet resulted in the effective penetration of magnetosheath plasma inside the magnetosphere. A strong distortion of the Chapman-Ferraro current in the ECE sequence generated a tripolar magnetic pulse “decrease – peak– decrease” (DPD) that was observed at low and middle latitudes by some ground-based magnetometers of the INTERMAGNET network. The characteristics of the ECE sequence and the spatial-temporal dynamics of the DPD pulse were found to be very different from any reported patterns of DD interactions with the magnetosphere. The observed features only partially resembled structures such as FTE, hot flow anomalies, and transient density events. Thus, it is difficult to explain them in the context of existing models.
Fermi Surface Deformation Near Charge-Ordering Transition

We study the deformation of a Fermi surface (FS) near charge-ordering (CO) transition. By applying a fluctuation–exchange approximation to the two-dimensional extended Hubbard model, we show that the FS is largely modified by strong charge fluctuations when the wave number of the CO pattern does not match the nesting vector of the FS in a noninteracting system. We also discuss the enhanced anisotropy in quasiparticle properties in the resultant metallic state.
Revisiting the involvement of tau in complex neural network remodeling: analysis of the extracellular neuronal activity in organotypic brain slice co-cultures

Objective. Tau ablation has a protective effect in epilepsy due to inhibition of the hyperexcitability/hypersynchrony. Protection may also occur in transgenic models of Alzheimer’s disease by reducing the epileptic activity and normalizing the excitation/inhibition imbalance. However, it is difficult to determine the exact functions of tau, because tau knockout (tauKO ) brain networks exhibit elusive phenotypes. In this study, we aimed to further explore the physiological role of tau using brain network remodeling. Approach. The effect of tau ablation was investigated in hippocampal-entorhinal slice co-cultures during network remodeling. We recorded the spontaneous extracellular neuronal activity over 2 weeks in single-slice cultures and co-cultures from control and tauKO mice. We compared the burst activity and applied concepts and analytical tools intended for the analysis of the network synchrony and connectivity. Main results. Comparison of the control and tauKO co-cultures revealed that tau ablation had an anti-synchrony effect on the hippocampal-entorhinal two-slice networks at late stages of culture, in line with the literature. Differences were also found between the single-slice and co-culture conditions, which indicated that tau ablation had differential effects at the sub-network scale. For instance, tau ablation was found to have an anti-synchrony effect on the co-cultured hippocampal slices throughout the culture, possibly due to a reduction in the excitation/inhibition ratio. Conversely, tau ablation led to increased synchrony in the entorhinal slices at early stages of the co-culture, possibly due to homogenization of the connectivity distribution. Significance. The new methodology presented here proved useful for investigating the role of tau in the remodeling of complex brain-derived neural networks. The results confirm previous findings and hypotheses concerning the effects of tau ablation on neural networks. Moreover, the results suggest, for the first time, that tau has multifaceted roles that vary in different brain sub-networks.
13CO(J = 1–0) On-the-Fly Mapping of the Giant H II Region NGC 604: Variation in Molecular Gas Density and Temperature due to Sequential Star Formation

We present 13 CO(J = 1–0) line emission observations with the Nobeyama 45-m telescope toward the giant H II region NGC 604 in the spiral galaxy M 33. We detected 13 CO(J = 1–0) line emissions in 3 major giant molecular clouds (GMCs) labeled as GMC-A, B, and C beginning at the north. We derived two line intensity ratios, 13 CO(J = 1–0)= 12 CO(J = 1–0), R13=12 ,a nd 12 CO(J = 3–2)= 12 CO(J = 1–0), R31, for each GMC at an angular resolution of 25 00 (100 pc). The averaged values of R13=12 and R31 are 0.06 and 0.31 within the whole GMC-A, 0.11 and 0.67 within the whole GMC-B, and 0.05 and 0.36 within the whole GMC-C, respectively. In addition, we obtained R13=12 = 0.09 ˙ 0.02 and R31 = 0.76 ˙ 0.06 at the 12 CO(J = 1–0) peak position of the GMC-B. Under the Large Velocity Gradient approximation, we determined a gas density of 2.8 � 10 3 cm � 3 and a kinetic temperature of 33 +9 � 5 Ka t the 12 CO(J = 1–0) peak position of the GMC-B. Moreover, we determined 2.5 � 10 3 cm � 3 and 25 ˙ 2 K as the averaged values within the whole GMC-B. We concluded that dense molecular gas is formed everywhere in the GMC-B because the derived gas density not only at the peak position of the GMC, but also averaged over the whole GMC, exceeds 10 3 cm � 3 . On the other hand, the kinetic temperature averaged over the whole GMC-B, 25 K, is significantly lower than that at the peak position, 33 K. This is because the H II regions are lopsided to the northern part of the GMC-B; thus, OB stars can heat only the northern part, including the 12 CO(J = 1–0) peak position, of this GMC.
A prospective study of BurstDR™ spinal cord stimulation for non‐operated discogenic low back pain

Chronic discogenic low back pain (CD‐LBP) is caused by degeneration of the disc due to trauma to the annulus or by unprovoked degeneration, resulting in chronic pain. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) employing the BurstDR™ waveform has been shown to be an effective treatment in a variety of chronic pain conditions. The aim of this prospective case study was to determine the effect of BurstDR™ SCS on pain relief, disability, and patient satisfaction in a population with CD‐LBP.
Detection and Quantitation of DNA Damage on a Genome‐wide Scale Using RADAR‐seq

The formation and persistence of DNA damage can impact biological processes such as DNA replication and transcription. To maintain genome stability and integrity, organisms rely on robust DNA damage repair pathways. Techniques to detect and locate DNA damage sites across a genome enable an understanding of the consequences of DNA damage as well as how damage is repaired, which can have key diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Importantly, advancements in technology have enabled the development of high‐throughput sequencing‐based DNA damage detection methods. These methods require DNA enrichment or amplification steps that limit the ability to quantitate the DNA damage sites. Further, each of these methods is typically tailored to detect only a specific type of damage. RAre DAmage and Repair (RADAR) sequencing is a DNA sequencing workflow that overcomes these limitations and enables detection and quantitation of DNA damage sites in any organism on a genome‐wide scale. RADAR‐seq works by replacing DNA damage sites with a patch of modified bases that can be directly detected by Pacific Biosciences Single‐Molecule Real Time sequencing. Here, we present three protocols that enable detection of thymine dimers and ribonucleotides in bacterial and archaeal genomes. Basic Protocol 1 enables construction of a reference genome required for RADAR‐seq analyses. Basic Protocol 2 describes how to locate, quantitate, and compare thymine dimer levels in Escherichia coli exposed to varying amounts of UV light. Basic Protocol 3 describes how to locate, quantitate, and compare ribonucleotide levels in wild‐type and ΔRNaseH2 Thermococcus kodakarensis. Importantly, all three protocols provide in‐depth steps for data analysis. Together they serve as proof‐of‐principle experiments that will allow users to adapt the protocols to locate and quantitate a wide variety of DNA damage sites in any organism. © 2022 New England Biolabs. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Within-person associations of optimistic and pessimistic expectations with momentary stress, affect, and ambulatory blood pressure

ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: Although dispositional optimism and pessimism have been prospectively associated with health outcomes, little is known about how these associations manifest in everyday life. This study examined how short-term optimistic and pessimistic expectations were associated with psychological and physiological stress processes. Methods: A diverse sample of adults (N = 300) completed a 2-day/1-night ecological momentary assessment and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) protocol at ∼45-minute intervals. Results: Moments that were more optimistic than typical for a person were followed by moments with lower likelihood of reporting a stressor, higher positive affect (PA), lower negative affect (NA), and less subjective stress (SS). Moments that were more pessimistic than typical were not associated with any affective stress outcome at the following moment. Neither optimism nor pessimism were associated with ABP, and did not moderate associations between reporting a stressor and outcomes. Discussion: These findings suggest that intraindividual fluctuations in optimistic and pessimistic expectations are associated with stressor appraisals.
SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES IN GALACTIC NUCLEI WITH TIDAL DISRUPTION OF STARS. II. AXISYMMETRIC NUCLEI

The tidal disruption (TD) of stars by supermassive central black holes from dense rotating star clusters is modeled by high-accuracy direct N-body simulations. As in a previous paper on spherical star clusters, we study the time evolution of the stellar tidal disruption rate and the origin of tidally disrupted stars, which are now accorded to several classes of orbits that only occur in axisymmetric systems (short-axis tube and saucer orbits). Compared with that in spherical systems, we found a higher TD rate in axisymmetric systems. The enhancement can be explained by an enlarged loss cone in phase space that stems from the fact that the total angular momentum J ? > is not conserved. As in the case of spherical systems, the distribution of the last apocenter distance of tidally accreted stars peaks at the classical critical radius. However, the angular distribution of the origin of the accreted stars reveals interesting features. Inside the influence radius of the supermassive black hole the angular distribution of disrupted stars has a conspicuous bimodal structure with a local minimum near the equatorial plane. Outside of the influence radius this dependence is weak. We show that the bimodal structure of orbital parameters can be explained by the presence of two families of regular orbits, namely short-axis tube and saucer orbits. Also, we present the consequences of our results for the loss cone in axisymmetric galactic nuclei.
Optogenetic stimulation of infralimbic cortex projections to the paraventricular thalamus attenuates context‐induced renewal

Contexts associated with prior reinforcement can renew extinguished conditioned responding. The prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL) cortices are thought to mediate the expression and suppression of conditioned responding, respectively. Evidence suggests that PL inputs to the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) drive the expression of cue‐induced reinstatement of drug seeking and that IL inputs to the PVT mediate fear extinction retrieval. However, the role of these projections in renewal of appetitive Pavlovian conditioned responding is unknown. We trained male and female Long‐Evans rats to associate a conditioned stimulus (CS; 10 s white noise) with delivery of a 10% sucrose unconditioned stimulus (US; .2 ml/CS) to a fluid port in a distinct context (Context A). We then extinguished responding by presenting the CS without the US in a different context (Context B). At test, rats were returned to Context A, and optogenetic stimulation was delivered to either the IL‐to‐PVT or PL‐to‐PVT pathway during CS presentations. Optically stimulating the IL‐to‐PVT, but not the PL‐to‐PVT pathway, attenuated ABA renewal of CS port entries, and this effect was similar in males and females. Further, rats self‐administered optical stimulation of the IL‐to‐PVT but not the PL‐to‐PVT pathway suggesting that activation of the IL‐to‐PVT pathway is reinforcing. The effectiveness of optical stimulation parameters to activate neurons in the IL, PL and PVT was confirmed using Fos immunohistochemistry. These findings provide evidence for novel neural mechanisms in renewal of responding to a sucrose‐predictive CS, as well as more generally in contextual processing and appetitive associative learning.