Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel roundness error evaluation method for high-speed EMU train axles

This article proposes a novel roundness error evaluation method for high-speed electric multiple units (EMU) train axles to evaluate the roundness error of the minimum zone circle. This method utilizes the adaptive ability of Bayesian linear regression to the data to solve the initial center of the circle, avoiding the multiple search process, which not only improves the data utilization and simplifies the solving steps but also has a strong noise immunity. The method first establishes a Hough space model, maps the collected data points to the Hough space, and forms different conical surfaces; then, by Bayesian linear regression, the probability density function is set with the distance from the space point to the conical surface as a parameter, and through continuous iteration, the point with the highest probability value is the more accurate initial center of the circle. Finally, the final optimal center of the circle is obtained by the principle of minimum inclusion region. We conducted experimental studies on axles of different diameters and compared them with other methods. The results prove the practicality and effectiveness of the technique.
Early Holocene Inland Occupation in the Semiarid North of Chile

The human occupation of the Pacific Rim of the southern Andes during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition was concentrated near the coast. The Pichasquita rockshelter in the Semiarid North of Chile, however, shows evidence of an early Holocene occupation of the inland mountains. This rockshelter functioned as a residential camp from which local fauna was exploited and vegetal resources were processed. Current information suggests early coastal groups extended their mobility circuits inland after 11,000 cal yr BP.
The Impact of Environmental Regulation Implementation: A Meta-Analysis

Effective environmental regulations are crucial for biodiversity preservation and fostering innovation to mitigate environmental damage. The aim of this research is to set the groundwork for further research into the substantial role of environmental regulatory policies in promoting pro-environmental innovation. This research employs a meta-analysis approach, focusing on correlational studies published between 2001 and 2021 in English. Inclusion criteria for data selection consisted of articles addressing environmental regulations and their implementation. Correlation analyses were conducted using JASP software. The findings indicate a significant relationship between environmental regulations and their implementation, with a correlation coefficient of 0.28. With a 95% confidence interval, the estimated true score range lies between 0.14 and 0.41. Bias testing was performed using the trim and fill method, and no evidence of publication bias was found, supporting the validity of the meta-analysis results. Thus, it can be concluded that environmental regulations play a significant role in encouraging pro-environmental innovation and urging governments in each country to provide certainty about their pro-environmental policies.
The Impact of a Hybrid Hospital at Home Program in Reducing Subacute Rehabilitation

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare health outcomes for patients receiving acute care in their homes through a Hospital at Home (HaH) program to outcomes for inpatients in the traditional hospital setting. Patients and Methods We compared outcomes for patients in a HaH program at Virtua Health in 2022 (N = 271) to traditional inpatients during the same year (N = 13,776) with the same diagnoses. We defined outcomes as recommendations for subacute rehabilitation (SAR) upon discharge as this recommendation indicates the need for additional therapy based on a physician’s assessment of the patient. Specifically, we searched notes in the electronic medical records for terms related to recommendation for SAR using text mining algorithms and a natural language processing (NLP) model to confirm these recommendations. We then compared the proportion of patients within each group that had a SAR recommendation, and controlled for differences in sample size, age, and diagnosis using bootstrapping analyses. Results We observed that the proportion of patients in the HaH program that were recommended for SAR (0.148) was significantly different from the proportion of patients who remained in the traditional hospital setting (0.363), with a reduced need for SAR for HaH patients. We obtained qualitatively similar results when we controlled for sample size and diagnosis. Controlling for age yielded an older control population, and the difference in the proportion of patients with SAR recommendations between the groups widened. Conclusion The reduced need for SAR for HaH patients in this study suggests that HaH programs are a promising alternative care model. Future work may consider how health outcomes vary for patients with different diagnoses, clinical histories and demographics, which may inform how HaH programs operate moving forward.
The complete chloroplast genome of a halophyte glasswort Salicornia europaea

Abstract Salicornia europaea is a salt-tolerant eudicot species in the Amaranthaceae family that is widely distributed in coastal wetlands and other saline-alkali lands. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of S. europaea was determined using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology. The genome was 153,163 bp in length with 132 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The genome displayed a quadripartite structure consisting of a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,953 bp, a large single-copy (LSC) region of 84,566 bp, and two inverted repeats (IRs) of 49,644 bp, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that Salicornia europaea exhibited the closest relationship with S. bigelovii. This study contributes to the pool of salt-tolerant gene species and serves as a valuable reference for further research on Salicornia.
In-situ U-Th/Pb geochronology of (urano)thorite

Abstract A laser-ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICPMS) study of seven thorite and uranothorite [(Th,U)SiO4] samples ranging in age from ∼13 to ∼500 Ma provides new insights into the U-Th/Pb isotope systematics of these geologically significant, high-Th mineral species. Despite extreme actinide enrichment and complex intra-crystal zonation in actinides and rare earth elements, this study demonstrates that radiogenic-lead loss and/or metamictization is minimal and restricted to domains that have undergone significant hydration. Dating of four igneous uranothorites yields ages that are concordant in U/Pb and Th/Pb space, consistent with other high-temperature chronometers, and are inferred to accurately reflect the timing of crystallization of each rock. Similarly, Th/Pb ages of three thorite and/or huttonite-bearing samples yield geologically plausible dates consistent with other mineral chronometers. No evidence of isotopic inheritance was observed in any of the samples. Data presented here demonstrate for the first time the feasibility of extracting accurate and precise U/Pb and Th/Pb ages from Phanerozoic thorite, uranothorite and huttonite using LA-MC-ICPMS at the 5 mm spatial resolution. These phases have the potential to be robust chronometers in igneous and metamorphic rocks as well as to provide important provenance information complementary to more widely used minerals such as detrital zircon.
Peaks-Over-Threshold-Based Regional Flood Frequency Analysis Using Regularised Linear Models

Regional flood frequency analysis (RFFA) is widely used to estimate design floods in ungauged catchments. Most of the RFFA techniques are based on the annual maximum (AM) flood model; however, research has shown that the peaks-over-threshold (POT) model has greater flexibility than the AM model. There is a lack of studies on POT-based RFFA techniques. This paper presents the development of POT-based RFFA techniques, using regularised linear models (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, ridge regression and elastic net regression). The results of these regularised linear models are compared with multiple linear regression. Data from 145 stream gauging stations of south-east Australia are used in this study. A leave-one-out cross-validation is adopted to compare these regression models. It has been found that the regularised linear models provide quite accurate flood quantile estimates, with a median relative error in the range of 37 to 47%, which outperform the AM-based RFFA techniques currently recommended in the Australian Rainfall and Runoff guideline. The developed RFFA technique can be used to estimate flood quantiles in ungauged catchments in the study region.
Additive Effects of Helix aspersa Mucus Fractions with Chemotherapy Drugs in Breast Cancer: Exploring Anti-proliferative Potential

This study investigated the anti-proliferative effects of biologically active substances (BAS) derived from the mucus of the garden snail Helix aspersa on breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and a non-cancerous cell line (MCF-10A). Two mucus fractions with different molecular weights (Mw) were examined, and their interactions with the chemotherapy drugs cisplatin and tamoxifen were evaluated. The results showed that the mucus fractions exhibited a slight anti-proliferative effect on breast cancer cells, with the fraction having Mw above 50 kDa demonstrating stronger activity compared to the fraction with Mw above 20 kDa. Furthermore, the combination of the mucus fractions with cisplatin or tamoxifen resulted in significant reductions in the half effective dose, indicating possible synergistic effects which were more pronounced with the fraction having Mw above 20 kDa. Dose-response curves and microscopic images supported the presence of such effects, revealing lower IC50 values and significant cell death when the cancer cells were treated with the combination of the mucus fractions and chemotherapy drugs. However, the analysis using the (highest single agent) HSA model indicated mostly additive interactions between the mucus fractions and chemotherapy drugs. These findings suggest the potential of biologically active substances derived from Helix aspersa mucus in enhancing the anti-proliferative effects of chemotherapy drugs in breast cancer treatment. The identification of additive interactions provides insights into the development of combination therapies with reduced drug dosage. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of the anti-proliferative effects of Helix aspersa mucus fractions and their interactions with chemotherapy drugs, highlighting their potential as novel therapeutic approaches in breast cancer treatment.
The social dynamics of early bronze age China : a bio-molecular approach to the exploration of the regional and interregional interactions in Shang China

ii Preface. iii Table of Contents . v List of Tables . viii List of Figures. x Acknowledgements. xiii Dedication . xvi 1. Introduction.1 1.1 Early Historiographical and Archaeological Research on Yinxu . 2 1.2 Bioarchaeological Approach. 4 2. Application of Stable Isotope Analysis in Archaeology . 9 2.1 Principals of Stable Isotope Analysis . 10 2.2.1 Palaeodietary Reconstruction . 11 2.2.2 Palaeomobility Pattern Reconstruction . 14 2.3 Analytical Methods.16 2.3.1 Instrumental Analysis . 16 2.3.2 Statistical Analysis. 19 3. Food and Natural Resources . 23 3.1 Early Bronze Age China . 23 3.2 Yinxu.24 3.3 Geology of the Central China Plain and its Implications for Sulfur Isotope Analysis . 26 4. Social and Cultural Differentiation in Xin’anzhaung. 30 4.1 Introduction . 30
Tourism Demand in the Face of Geopolitical Risk: Insights From a Cross-Country Analysis

This paper develops a novel Bayesian heterogeneous panel vector autoregressive model (B-HP-VAR) that quantifies the impact of geopolitical risk shocks on the tourism industry of 14 emerging market and developing economies (EMDE). We find that increasing geopolitical tensions have a persistent negative effect on tourism demand in most of these countries, as shown by our impulse response estimates. Furthermore, evidence from forecast error variance decomposition reveals that geopolitical risk shocks in many EMDE economies constitute the main driver of tourism demand. Analysis from historical decompositions demonstrates that geopolitical tensions have been particularly influential in driving tourism demand in Ukraine, Russia, Turkey, China, Indonesia, Thailand, Colombia, and Mexico. Our main findings are robust to several perturbations to the benchmark specification. Our results have several important implications for policymakers in their efforts to strengthen the ability of the tourism industry to absorb shocks from geopolitical tensions.
Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver and its related factors in Iran: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a systemic disorder with a complex multifactorial and heterogeneous pathogenesis and has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease in many countries around the world. Numerous studies in Iran have presented different results on the prevalence and risk factors of NAFLD, in this study, which has been done in a systematic review and meta-analysis, provides a good estimate of the prevalence and risk factors of the disease in Iran. Following the peer review of electronic search strategies (PRESS and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses [PRISMA] statement, we searched Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Persian scientific searcher (Elmnet) from inception to September 19, 2022. In the present study, 71 articles were reviewed for qualitative and meta-analysis. The overall mean prevalence of NAFLD in children studies was 22.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.9% to 33.9%). The prevalence was notably higher in adult studies 40.5% (95% CI: 35.1% to 46%). In 24 studies, the association between NAFLD and sex was reported, 10 of which showed significant relationships. Out of 46 studies observed that NAFLD prevalence increased significantly with body mass index (BMI). Eight out of 14 studies reported significant associations between FBS and NAFLD in children's studies. Though Iran has a high NAFLD prevalence compared to most areas, and due to the unfavorable situation of risk factors contributing to the NAFLD, it is necessary to take the necessary interventions to control these risk factors and prevent NAFLD.
Extemporaneous Compounding: Prevalence, Risks and Quality Assurance

Extemporaneously compounded products are designed for an individual patient based on a licensed physician’s prescription in response to an identified need. Compounding provides medications for unique medical needs for which commercially manufactured products are unavailable. Compounding practice includes activities such as formulating, mixing, or repacking products. Extemporaneous preparations are not licensed by Drug Regulatory Authorities and hence, are not evaluated for quality, efficacy, and stability. Also, adverse event reporting is not mandatory for these products. The need for extemporaneous preparations is precipitated by a lack of commercially available products for all the medicines and dosage forms that are required by patients. Products intended for topical and pediatric use are the majority. Extemporaneous preparations are generally considered as high-risk products. Common risks of compounded products include calculation errors, microbial contamination, therapeutic failure, and adverse reactions. To reduce the risks, Drug Regulatory Authorities havedeveloped guidelines that describe the minimum standards to be followed when preparing for extemporaneous compounding to ensure product quality and fitness. A comprehensive assessment is performed to justify the need for these products. The preparation process should comply with all the Good Manufacturing Practices including design of compounding areas. Pharmacists performing compounding activities require appropriate knowledge, skills, and competence to undertake the task. The ingredients used in compounding are subject to pharmacopeial quality standards and should be sourced from approved vendors. The final compounded product in some countries is controlled as stipulated in the components standard. Extemporaneous compounding remains an important part of pharmacy practice. Comprehensive risk assessment, adherence to the prescribed manufacturing practices, and use of national formularies are necessary for quality assurance of these preparations.
Collecting Speech Data for Endangered and Under-resourced Indian Languages

The preparation of speech corpora for languages un(der)represented on the web largely depends on the manual methods of data collection and processing from different sources. The methods used in field linguistics and documentary linguistics for collecting data from the speech communities provide a valuable set of resources and methodologies for such data collection but these methods were not developed and optimised for large-scale data collection. However, this limitation could be overcome by combining linguistic field methods with crowdsourcing for data collection. In this paper, we discuss two such ongoing projects - SpeeD-TB and SpeeD-IA - in which we are experimenting with different methods and developing software and other infrastructure to rapidly collect speech data in six Tibeto-Burman - Toto, Chokri, Nyishi, Kok Borok, Bodo and Meitei - and four Indo-Aryan - Awadhi, Bhojpuri, Braj and Magahi - languages in India. Till now we have collected over 40 hours of speech data in these languages and over the period of the next year, we plan to collect a total of approximately 1,200 hours of speech data.
Antinociceptive effect of Nephelium lappaceum L. fruit peel and the participation of nitric oxide, opioid receptors, and ATP-sensitive potassium channels

Introduction: Nephelium lappaceum L. (Sapindaceae) is a plant known as rambutan. It is used for various purposes in traditional medicine. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of the ethanol extract of the fruit peel of N. lappaceum (EENL), the mechanisms involved in these effects, and the acute toxicity in zebrafish. Methods: We performed chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, acute toxicity assay in zebrafish, and evaluation in mice submitted to models of nociception and locomotor activity. Results: We identified (epi)-catechin, procyanidin B, and ellagic acid and its derivatives in EENL. We did not find any toxicity in zebrafish embryos incubated with EENL. The locomotor activity of mice submitted to oral pretreatment with EENL was not changed, but it reduced the abdominal constrictions induced by acetic acid, the licking/biting time in both the first and second phase of formalin testing and capsaicin testing, and carrageenan-induced paw mechanical allodynia. Oral pretreatment with EENL increased latency time in the hot plate test. This antinociceptive effect was significantly reversed by naloxone, L-arginine, and glibenclamide respectively showing the participation of opioid receptors, nitric oxide, and KATP channels as mediators of EENL-induced antinociception. Conclusion: EENL causes antinociception with the participation of opioid receptors, nitric oxide, and KATP channels, and is not toxic to zebrafish.
Casting Product Image Data for Quality Inspection with Xception and Data Augmentation

Casting defects encompass a broad spectrum of imperfections, such as blow holes, pinholes, burrs, shrinkage defects, and various metallurgical anomalies. Detecting these defects manually requires a trained eye, and even the most diligent inspectors can inadvertently overlook subtle irregularities. To address these challenges, there is a growing movement toward automation in quality control. Deep learning models, including the Xception model, are being harnessed to create a robust classification system. Such models have the capacity to analyze thousands of product images with precision, identifying defects that may elude human inspectors. Furthermore, data augmentation techniques are applied to enhance the dataset, allowing the model to generalize more effectively and improve its defect recognition capabilities.
The relationship between moral courage and providing safe care in nurses: A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Moral courage is one of the moral virtues, which can have a great impact on the provision of safe care for patients. Providing safe care is one of the most significant and fundamental principles of healthcare. This study aimed to determine the relationship between moral courage and safe care among nurses and explain the factors predicting safe care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 172 nurses who worked in selected hospitals affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2019. For this purpose, self-report questionnaires on moral courage and safe nursing care were used. The collected data were analyzed in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, percentage, and frequency) and inferential (Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression) statistics. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Mean scores of nurses’ moral courage and safe care were desirable (407.57 ± 53.97) and satisfactory (311.31 ± 39.48), respectively. There was a significant correlation between the scores of nursing safe care and moral courage (r = 0.69, P < 0.001). Moral courage, gender, and work experience explained 54% of the variance of nursing safe care. CONCLUSION: The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between safety care and moral courage. It seems that increasing nurses’ awareness of ethical principles leads to their courageous ethical behaviors, and safety and high-quality care should be one of the goals of all healthcare professionals. Also, the results of this study support the need to improve the knowledge and awareness of nurses and nurse managers regarding the importance of moral courage in providing safe nursing care and improving patient safety.
Improving the microbial quality and sensory properties of pasteurized sweet cream butter during refrigerated storage using chia seed ethanolic extract

Abstract Butter is a perishable food, and its microbial deterioration occurs in refrigeration conditions, leading to a reduction in shelf life and a loss of sensory properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of chia seed extract (CSE) on the microbial and sensory properties of pasteurized sweet cream butter at 2°C. Ethanolic extract of chia seeds was prepared and added to the butter samples in concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.25%, and 0.5% (v/w), and its effects on microbiological and sensory quality were evaluated at 15‐day intervals during 60‐day refrigerated storage. The results indicated that the addition of 0.25% and 0.5% CSE to butter treatments decreased total viable counts by 0.25–0.6 log CFU/g, total psychrotrophic counts by 1–1.5 log CFU/g, and coliform counts by 3–4 log CFU/g compared to the control sample on days 45 and 60 of storage. Moreover, concentrations of 0.1%–0.5% CSE reduced mold and yeast counts by 1.5–2.6 log CFU/g on days 30–60 of storage compared to the control sample. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were not detected in any samples during storage. CSE had a significant effect on the sensory properties (except for aroma) of the butter samples during the 60‐day storage. The best color, flavor, and overall acceptance scores were assigned to the treatments containing 0.1%–0.5% CSE compared to the control sample. It could be concluded that adding 0.1% and 0.25% CSE to refrigerated and pasteurized butter can retard microbial spoilage and improve its sensory properties at the same time.