Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Testing Effectiveness of Metamorphic Relations: A Case Study

One fundamental challenge for software testing is the oracle problem, which means that either there does not exist a mechanism (called oracle) to verify the test output given any possible program input, or it is very expensive, if not impossible, to apply the oracle. Metamorphic testing is an innovative approach to oracle problem. In metamorphic testing, metamorphic relations are derived from the innate characteristics of the software under test. These relations can help to generate test data and verify the correctness of the test result without the need of oracle. The effectiveness of metamorphic relations can play a significant role in the testing process. It has been argued that the metamorphic relations that cause different software execution behaviors should have high fault detection ability. In this paper, we conduct a case study to analyze the relationship between the execution behavior and the fault-detection effectiveness of metamorphic relations. Some code coverage criteria are used to reflect the execution behavior. It is shown that there is a certain degree of correlation between the code coverage achieved by a metamorphic relation and its fault-detection effectiveness.
Compact Dual-Band CPW-Fed Filtering Antenna for WLAN Applications

A compact dual-band printed flltering antenna fed by CPW(co planar wave guide) is presented. Though printing on the same substrate board like as a conventional antenna, the proposed structure not only own the unit of radiator of the antenna, but also a second-order band-pass fllter, with two fllter poles provided by two rectangular -- circle with a stub. According to the fllter speciflcations, the antenna design process for the proposed flltering antenna is depicted in enough detail. And the operating bandwidth of the proposed antenna is broadened and high selectivity is also improved correspondingly. The measured results of the proposed antenna, including the S-parameters, total radiated power, current distributions and antenna gains versus frequency, have a very good agreement with the original design and simulation. The proposed novel antenna, with a very small area of 32.7×28.4 mm2, is single board structure and generates two usable resonant frequencies at about, 5.2(5.15-5.35), 5.8 (5.725-5.825) GHz for WLAN applications.
I Will Not Eat ! A Review of the Online Pro-Ana Movement

Eating disorders are a persistent concern in the psychiatric community given their often elusive causes and high mortality rates (Crow et al., 2009; Polivy & Herman, 2002); In a longitudinal assessment (years 1979-1997) by Crow et al. (2009), mortality rates were 4.0% for anorexia nervosa and 3.9% for bulimia nervosa. Pro-eating disorder websites have been studied in recent years for their impact on body image and eating disorder pathology among viewers. This paper is a review of current literature about pro-eating disorder websites, which provide nutritional information, images of thinspiration (a portmanteau of the words thin and inspiration), and message boards for social interaction, all with the goal of promoting eating disorders. The content and emerging themes of pro-eating disorder websites are discussed in this paper order to understand the context of the interaction between website and viewer. Next, the social interaction that takes place on these sites is examined in order to understand the nature of social support and social exclusion existing on these sites. Finally, studies that have investigated the effects of pro-eating disorder viewership on affect, body image, and eating behavior are discussed.
Structure and Motion by Fusion of Inertial and Vision-Based Tracking 1

Institute of Electrical Measurement and Measurement Signal Processing Graz University of Technology, Austria chen@emt.tugraz.at axel.pinz@tugraz.at Abstract We present a new structure and motion framework for real-time tracking applications combining inertial sensors with a camera. Our method starts from initial estimation of the state vector which is then used for the structure from motion algorithm. The algorithm can simultaneously determine the position of the sensors, as well as estimate the structure of the scene. An extended Kalman filter is used to estimate motion by fusion of inertial and vision data. It includes two independent measurement channels for the low frequency vision-based measurements and for the high frequency inertial measurements, respectively. A bank of Kalman filters are designed to estimate the 3D structure of the real scene by using the result of motion estimation. These two parts work alternately. Our experimental results show good convergence of estimated scene structure and ground truth. Potential applications are in mobile augmented reality and in mobile robotics.
A method of test generation for path delay faults using stuck-at fault test generation algorithms

In this paper, we propose a test generation method for non-robust path delay faults using stuck-at fault test generation algorithms. In our method, we first transform an original combinational circuit into a circuit called a partial leaf-dag using a path-leaf transformation. Then we generate test patterns using a stuck-at fault test generation algorithm for stuck-at faults in the partial leaf-dag. Finally we transform the test patterns into two-pattern tests for path delay faults in the original circuit. We prove the correctness of the approach and experimental results on several benchmark circuits show the effectiveness of it.
The Importance of Being Isolated: An Empirical Study on Chromium Reviews

As large scale software development has become more collaborative, and software teams more globally distributed, several studies have explored how developer interaction influences software development outcomes. The emphasis so far has been largely on outcomes like defect count, the time to close modification requests etc. In the paper, we examine data from the Chromium project to understand how different aspects of developer discussion relate to the closure time of reviews. On the basis of analyzing reviews discussed by 2000+ developers, our results indicate that quicker closure of reviews owned by a developer relates to higher reception of information and insights from peers. However, we also find evidence that higher engagement in collaboration by a developer is associated with slower closure of the reviews she owns. Within the scope of our study, these results lead us to conclude that peer review of code may have a distinct dynamic that is facilitated by developers working in relative isolation.
Activity Coverage : Activities and Transition

Systematic exploration of Android apps is an enabler for a variety of app analysis and testing tasks. Performing the exploration while apps run on actual phones is essential for exploring the full range of app capabilities. However, exploring real-world apps on real phones is challenging due to non-determinism, non-standard control flow, scalability and overhead constraints. Relying on end-users to conduct the exploration might not be very effective: we performed a 7-user study on popular Android apps, and found that the combined 7-user coverage was 30.08% of the app screens and 6.46% of the app methods. Prior approaches for automated exploration of Android apps have run apps in an emulator or focused on small apps whose source code was available. To address these problems, we present A 3 E, an approach and tool that allows substantial Android apps to be explored systematically while running on actual phones, yet without requiring access to the app's source code. The key insight of our approach is to use a static, taint-style, dataflow analysis on the app bytecode in a novel way, to construct a high-level control flow graph that captures legal transitions among activities (app screens). We then use this graph to develop an exploration strategy named Targeted Exploration that permits fast, direct exploration of activities, including activities that would be difficult to reach during normal use. We also developed a strategy named Depth-first Exploration that mimics user actions for exploring activities and their constituents in a slower, but more systematic way. To measure the effectiveness of our techniques, we use two metrics: activity coverage (number of screens explored) and method coverage. Experiments with using our approach on 25 popular Android apps including BBC News, Gas Buddy, Amazon Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from Permissions@acm.org. Mobile, YouTube, Shazam Encore, and CNN, show that our exploration techniques achieve 59.39–64.11% activity coverage and 29.53–36.46% method coverage.
LFQC: A lossless compression algorithm for FASTQ files

MOTIVATION Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have revolutionized genomic research by reducing the cost of whole-genome sequencing. One of the biggest challenges posed by modern sequencing technology is economic storage of NGS data. Storing raw data is infeasible because of its enormous size and high redundancy. In this article, we address the problem of storage and transmission of large Fastq files using innovative compression techniques. RESULTS We introduce a new lossless non-reference-based fastq compression algorithm named lossless FastQ compressor. We have compared our algorithm with other state of the art big data compression algorithms namely gzip, bzip2, fastqz, fqzcomp, G-SQZ, SCALCE, Quip, DSRC, DSRC-LZ etc. This comparison reveals that our algorithm achieves better compression ratios. The improvement obtained is up to 225%. For example, on one of the datasets (SRR065390_1), the average improvement (over all the algorithms compared) is 74.62%. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The implementations are freely available for non-commercial purposes. They can be downloaded from http://engr.uconn. edu/∼rajasek/FastqPrograms.zip.
User Authentication Interfaces in Mobile Devices: Some Design Considerations

The use of mobile devices has been increasing for the last decade. With more powerful capabilities, they are replacing desktop computers. With this, there are also security concerns, one of which is the user authentication. When dealing with mobile phones, an important aspect is usability, as often users may play more importance to how usable programs or functionalities are than how secure they may be. In this paper, we look at user authentication from the perspective of usability. We aim to see what can constitute secure user authentication interfaces for mobile devices. We explore what has been done, and what considerations, from both the hardware to software to usability issues of these interfaces. We hope that just as important as security is, designers should also look at usability concerns.
Self-Recognition of One's Own Fall Recruits the Genuine Bodily Crisis-Related Brain Activity

While bipedalism is a fundamental evolutionary adaptation thought to be essential for the development of the human brain, the erect body is always an inch or two away from falling. Although the neural mechanism for automatically detecting one's own body instability is an important consideration, there have thus far been few functional neuroimaging studies because of the restrictions placed on participants' movements. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the neural substrate underlying whole body instability, based on the self-recognition paradigm that uses video stimuli consisting of one's own and others' whole bodies depicted in stable and unstable states. Analyses revealed significant activity in the regions which would be activated during genuine unstable bodily states: The right parieto-insular vestibular cortex, inferior frontal junction, posterior insula and parabrachial nucleus. We argue that these right-lateralized cortical and brainstem regions mediate vestibular information processing for detection of vestibular anomalies, defensive motor responding in which the necessary motor responses are automatically prepared/simulated to protect one's own body, and sympathetic activity as a form of alarm response during whole body instability.
Automatic Categorization of Announcements on the Australian Stock Exchange

This paper compares the performance of several machine learning algorithms for the automatic categorization of corporate announcements in the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) Signal G data stream. The article also describes some of the applications that the categorization of corporate announcements may enable. We have performed tests on two categorization tasks: market sensitivity, which indicates whether an announcement will have an impact on the market, and report type, which classifies each announcement into one of the report categories defined by the ASX. We have tried Neural Networks, a Näıve Bayes classifier, and Support Vector Machines and achieved good results.
Tourism destination competitiveness: the french regions case

In this paper we assess and compare tourism destinations in terms of their performance. The proposed efficiency assessment procedure is based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and precisely on the Directional Distance Function. This methodology is here explained as easiest as possible and it is applied to the evaluation of the twenty-two French regions. The motivation for the analysis lies in the fact that these destinations have to (or will have to) face a decrease in their competitiveness. Then, the aim of the paper is to start a reflection on the performance of the 22 French regions; for that, its only objective is to measure the efficiency of these destinations. Indeed, knowing what the best practices are is good news for Destination Management Organizations and tourism institutions in the perspective of a benchmarking procedure. The paper still tries to explain the scores.
A Cooperation Strategy Based on Game Theory in Cooperative UWB Networks

In most research, cooperation is associated with a node's willingness to sacrifice resources for the benefit of other nodes in the networks. But in WAPN applications especially in power limited UWB networks, nodes are independent selfish individuals and they do not voluntary to help other nodes. Cooperation strategy based on the game theory method is studied here. An unsymmetrical system model is constructed, and a price game based on a new payoff function is proposed to describe the cooperation in this model. The proposed pricing game is shown to converge to Nash equilibrium by the iteration algorithm, which effectively increases the payoffs of the users and the system.
The Design of an API for Particle Systems

Simulation of dynamic particle systems has been used in computer animation for several years and has more recently been used in real time simulation and video games. Much research has explored ways to compute and render particle systems, but relatively little research has discussed suitable application programmer interfaces to the particle systems. What constructs and abstractions are useful for specifying particle effects? How can the API be made general so that unforeseen effects can be created? What set of functionality should be provided that can be implemented on either the application CPU or within specialized graphics hardware? The result of our research is the Particle System Application Programmer Interface (API). This is a C++ function library specification that allows applications to simulate the dynamics of particles. The API was created for easily adding a variety of particle-based effects to interactive graphics applications such as games and virtual environments. The API is also well suited for non-interactive graphics systems such as modeling and rendering packages for computer animation. It is not intended for scientific simulation, although principles of Newtonian physics have been used to implement the particle dynamics where applicable, and the accuracy of the numeric integration is scalable.
New heuristic function in ant colony system algorithm

NP-hard problem can be solved by Ant Colony System (ACS) algorithm.However, ACS suffers from pheromone stagnation problem, a situation when all ants converge quickly to one sub-optimal solution.ACS algorithm utilizes the value between nodes as heuristic value to calculate the probability of choosing the next node.However, the heuristic value is not updated throughout the process to reflect new information discovered by the ants.This paper proposes a new heuristic function for the Ant Colony System algorithm that can reflect new information discovered by ants.The credibility of the new function was tested on travelling salesman and grid computing problems.Promising results were obtained when compared to classical ACS algorithm in terms of best tour length for the travelling sales-man problem. Better results were also obtained for the grid scheduling problem in terms of makespan and utilization.
Profiling of Childhood Adversity-Associated DNA Methylation Changes in Alcoholic Patients and Healthy Controls

The increased vulnerability to alcohol dependence (AD) seen in individuals with childhood adversity (CA) may result in part from CA-induced epigenetic changes. To examine CA-associated DNA methylation changes in AD patients, we examined peripheral blood DNA methylation levels of 384 CpGs in promoter regions of 82 candidate genes in 279 African Americans [AAs; 88 with CA (70.5% with AD) and 191 without CA (38.2% with AD)] and 239 European Americans [EAs; 61 with CA (86.9% with AD) and 178 without CA (46.6% with AD)] using Illumina GoldenGate Methylation Array assays. The effect of CA on methylation of individual CpGs and overall methylation in promoter regions of genes was evaluated using a linear regression analysis (with consideration of sex, age, and ancestry proportion of subjects) and a principal components-based analysis, respectively. In EAs, hypermethylation of 10 CpGs in seven genes (ALDH1A1, CART, CHRNA5, HTR1B, OPRL1, PENK, and RGS19) were cross validated in AD patients and healthy controls who were exposed to CA. P values of two CpGs survived Bonferroni correction when all EA samples were analyzed together to increase statistical power [CHRNA5_cg17108064: Padjust = 2.54×10−5; HTR1B_cg06031989: Padjust = 8.98×10−5]. Moreover, overall methylation levels in the promoter regions of three genes (ALDH1A1, OPRL1 and RGS19) were elevated in both EA case and control subjects who were exposed to CA. However, in AAs, CA-associated DNA methylation changes in AD patients were not validated in healthy controls. Our findings suggest that CA could induce population-specific methylation alterations in the promoter regions of specific genes, thus leading to changes in gene transcription and an increased risk for AD and other disorders.
Combining Evidence from Homologous Datasets

With Machine Translation and/or Automatic Speech Recognition, there can be different versions of the same data with distinct expressions. We argue that combining evidence from these “homologous” datasets can give us better representation of the original data, and our experiments show that a model combining all sources outperforms each individual dataset in retrieval.
Diamond Dialogue: A Tool to Explore Alcohol-related Harm and Strengthen Community Action

The Diamond Dialogue has previously been used as a research tool, as a way of evaluating the effectiveness of development of interventions in changing quality of life in a variety of contexts. This paper aims to describe the development of the Diamond Dialogue as a community intervention tool to reduce alcohol-related harm. This was part of an action research study. Focus groups, using the Diamond Dialogue, were conducted during workshops to reduce alcohol-related harm in two different villages. The Diamond Dialogue was initially used as a tool to better understand how drinking was affecting their quality of life. The Diamond Dialogue was intentionally used as part of the intervention in one village, with the discussion on alcohol and quality of life leading into discussion on community level change to reduce alcohol-related harm. The discussion notes were analysed for themes related to quality of life and alcohol use. Alcohol was seen by community members to have both positive and negative effects on the community. Using the Diamond Dialogue as an intervention lead to greater levels of engagement, created a collective motivation to change and led to community level action planning. Exploring community ambivalence towards alcohol, acceptance of both the positive and negative effects and validation of the communityâ€™s views provided a platform for engagement. This then lead to â€œchange talkâ€ about adopting low-risk drinking and ownership of possible solutions for alcohol related problems.
Benefits of Yoga for Psychosocial Well-Being in a US High School Curriculum: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To test feasibility of yoga within a high school curriculum and evaluate preventive efficacy for psychosocial well-being. Methods: Grade 11 or 12 students (N = 51) who registered for physical education (PE) were cluster-randomized by class 2:1 yoga:PE-as-usual. A Kripalu-based yoga program of physical postures, breathing exercises, relaxation, and meditation was taught 2 to 3 times a week for 10 weeks. Self-report questionnaires were administered to students 1 week before and after. Primary outcome measures of psychosocial well-being were Profile of Mood States—Short Form and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children. Additional measures of psychosocial well-being included Perceived Stress Scale and Inventory of Positive Psychological Attitudes. Secondary measures of self-regulatory skills included Resilience Scale, State Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2™, and Child Acceptance Mindfulness Measure. To assess feasibility, yoga students completed a program evaluation. Analyses of covariance were conducted between groups with baseline as the covariate. Results: Although PE-as-usual students showed decreases in primary outcomes, yoga students maintained or improved. Total mood disturbance improved in yoga students and worsened in controls (p = .015), as did Profile of Mood States-Short Form (POMS-SF) Tension-Anxiety subscale (p = .002). Although positive affect remained unchanged in both, negative affect significantly worsened in controls while improving in yoga students (p = .006). Secondary outcomes were not significant. Students rated yoga fairly high, despite moderate attendance. Conclusions: Implementation was feasible and students generally found it beneficial. Although not causal due to small, uneven sample size, this preliminary study suggests preventive benefits in psychosocial well-being from Kripalu yoga during high school PE. These results are consistent with previously published studies of yoga in school settings.