Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceived Discrimination, Perceived Stress, and Mental and Physical Health Among Mexican-Origin Adults

This study provided a test of the minority status stress model by examining whether perceived discrimination would directly affect health outcomes even when perceived stress was taken into account among 215 Mexican-origin adults. Perceived discrimination predicted depression and poorer general health, and marginally predicted health symptoms, when perceived stress was taken into account. Perceived stress predicted depression and poorer general health while controlling for the effects of perceived discrimination. The influence of perceived discrimination on general health was greater for men than women, and the effect of perceived stress on depression was greater for women than men. Results provide evidence that discrimination is a source of chronic stress above and beyond perceived stress, and the accumulation of these two sources of stress is detrimental to mental and physical health. Findings suggest that mental health and health practitioners need to assess for the effects of discrimination as a stressor along with perceived stress.
The Global Nitrogen Regulator NtcA Regulates Transcription of the Signal Transducer PII (GlnB) and Influences Its Phosphorylation Level in Response to Nitrogen and Carbon Supplies in the Cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Strain PCC 7942

ABSTRACT The PII protein is encoded by a unique glnBgene in Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942. Its expression has been analyzed in the wild type and in NtcA-null mutant cells grown under different conditions of nitrogen and carbon supply. RNA-DNA hybridization experiments revealed the presence of one transcript species 680 nucleotides long, whatever the nutrient conditions tested. A second transcript species, 620 nucleotides long, absent in the NtcA null mutant, was observed in wild-type cells that were nitrogen starved for 2 h under both high and low CO2and in the presence of nitrate under a high CO2concentration. Primer extension analysis indicated that the two transcript species are generated from two tandem promoters, a ς70Escherichia coli-type promoter and an NtcA-dependent promoter, located 120 and 53 nucleotides, respectively, from the glnB initiation codon. The NtcA-dependent promoter is up-regulated under the conditions mentioned above, while the ς70E. coli-type promoter displays constitutive levels of transcripts in the NtcA null mutant and slightly different levels in the wild-type cells, depending on the nitrogen and carbon supplies. In general, a good correlation between the amounts of the two transcript species and that of the PII protein was observed, as revealed by immunodetection with specific antibodies. The phosphorylation level of PII in the wild type is inversely correlated with nitrogen availability and directly correlated with higher CO2 concentration. This regulation is correspondingly less stringent in the NtcA null mutant cells. In contrast, the dephosphorylation of PII is NtcA independent.
Verilogo : proactive phishing detection via logo recognition

Defending users against fraudulent Web sites (i.e., phishing) is a task that is reactive in practice. Blacklists, spam filters and takedowns all depend on first finding new sites and verifying that they are fraudulent. In this thesis we explore an alternative approach that uses a combination of computer-vision techniques to proactively identify likely phishing pages as they are rendered, interactive queries to validate such pages with brand holders, and a single keyboard-entry filter to minimize false positives. We have developed a prototype version of this approach within the Firefox browser and evaluate it for both accuracy and performance. While no such approach is perfect, we believe our technique offers a significant new capability for minimizing response time in combating a wide range of phishing scams
A circadian gene expression atlas in mammals: Implications for biology and medicine

Significance We generated high-resolution multiorgan expression data showing that nearly half of all genes in the mouse genome oscillate with circadian rhythm somewhere in the body. Such widespread transcriptional oscillations have not been previously reported in mammals. Applying pathway analysis, we observed new clock-mediated spatiotemporal relationships. Moreover, we found a majority of best-selling drugs in the United States target circadian gene products. Many of these drugs have relatively short half-lives, and our data predict which may benefit from timed dosing. To characterize the role of the circadian clock in mouse physiology and behavior, we used RNA-seq and DNA arrays to quantify the transcriptomes of 12 mouse organs over time. We found 43% of all protein coding genes showed circadian rhythms in transcription somewhere in the body, largely in an organ-specific manner. In most organs, we noticed the expression of many oscillating genes peaked during transcriptional “rush hours” preceding dawn and dusk. Looking at the genomic landscape of rhythmic genes, we saw that they clustered together, were longer, and had more spliceforms than nonoscillating genes. Systems-level analysis revealed intricate rhythmic orchestration of gene pathways throughout the body. We also found oscillations in the expression of more than 1,000 known and novel noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Supporting their potential role in mediating clock function, ncRNAs conserved between mouse and human showed rhythmic expression in similar proportions as protein coding genes. Importantly, we also found that the majority of best-selling drugs and World Health Organization essential medicines directly target the products of rhythmic genes. Many of these drugs have short half-lives and may benefit from timed dosage. In sum, this study highlights critical, systemic, and surprising roles of the mammalian circadian clock and provides a blueprint for advancement in chronotherapy.
Further Manifestations of the MOMM Phenomenon

A frequent response to papers by John Horan and Leo Goldman attributes the predominance of graduates and employees from MOMM institutions (the University of Minnesota, Ohio State University, the University of Maryland, and the University of Missouri) in all Division 17 governance structures to greater achievement. Others argue that given alternative baselines, MOMM graduates and employees (MOMMs) might prove to be underrepresented. In this study, data on the scholarly productivity of MOMMs and outsiders, at the time of their appointments to the editorial boards of the Journal of Counseling Psychology and The Counseling Psychologist, suggest that outsiders are more productive than MOMMs and that there is a significant disposition to appoint relatively unpublished MOMMs to JCP's editorial board. Our data further indicate that outsiders are indeed underrepresented; moreover, an unexpected and conspicuous decline in their membership percentage between 1973 and 1989 is an ominous indicator of Division 17's organizational health.
UNCERTAINTY / SENSITIVITY METHODOLOGIES FOR SAFETY ASSESSMENTS OF LOW-LEVEL WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES

Safety assessment for low-level waste facilities requires the interaction of a large number of disciplines in order to model environmental phenomena necessary to evaluate safety of disposal. The physical systems involved can often be very complex. The initial purpose of the safety analysis is to better understand the system under study. Eventually, as the system behavior becomes understood more fully, the assessment is used to support regulatory decisions. Corresponding to the specific goals of the project the objectives for uncertainty and sensitivity analysis will also vary, depending on the stage of the analysis. Typically, the safety analyst has to simplify the physical system into a conceptual model that can be modeled mathematically. The first step in this process involves defining an exposure scenario and this is often a significant source of uncertainty (future climate assumptions or individual habits). Simplification of the physical system to a mathematical model is another source of uncertainty, commonly called model uncertainty. Other sources of uncertainties include parameter estimation and random variability in parameters measurements. In assessments the analyst may need to rely on expert judgment due to lack of data, lack of knowledge concerning future conditions and parameter values (and distributions), or any aspects of the system under study that are not well understood by current science. This generates another kind of uncertainty, “subjective uncertainty”.
In-store shopping environment and impulsive buying

The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of in-store shopping environment on impulsive buying among consumers. The impulsive decision making theory and the consumer decision making model were used to substantiate the study (Schiffman and Kanuk, 2007). A total of 320 shoppers conveniently sampled at a selected shopping mall served as the sample. A 5% test of significance showed that in-store factors of an economic nature such as price and coupons were more likely to influence impulsive buying than those with an atmospheric engagement effect like background music and scent. Key words: Impulsive buying, determinants of impulsive buying, in-store shopping environment, consumer decision making, retailing.
Domain model relations discovering in educational texts based on user created annotations

Domain model with its metadata is essential part of every adaptive educational system. At the same time it is often a bottleneck as quality metadata is essential requirement and their manual creation is difficult or even impossible in some extent. So any effort in automated acquisition of metadata is crucial for effective learning supported by an educational system. In this paper we propose a method of discovering relations in educational texts using annotations created by users (learners). As annotations we use links to external educational resources related to educational texts. We integrate external resources into the learning course and analyze their content. Based on the content analysis we construct a graph consisting of educational content, external resources and existing concepts in the domain model and use graph algorithms to derive new relations. Besides the benefit of discovered relations, our approach enriches educational content with additional information resources.
Marine Fisheries in Tanzania

Abstract Fishery resources are a vital source of food and make valuable economic contributions to the local communities involved in fishery activities along the 850 km stretch of the Tanzania coastline and numerous islands. Small-scale artisanal fishery accounts for the majority of fish catch produced by more than 43 000 fishermen in the country, mainly operating in shallow waters within the continental shelf, using traditional fishing vessels including small boats, dhows, canoes, outrigger canoes and dinghys. Various fishing techniques are applied using uncomplicated passive fishing gears such as basket traps, fence traps, nets as well as different hook and line techniques. Species composition and size of the fish varies with gear type and location. More than 500 species of fish are utilized for food with reef fishes being the most important category including emperors, snappers, sweetlips, parrotfish, surgeonfish, rabbitfish, groupers and goatfish. Most of the fish products are used for subsistence purposes. However, some are exported. Destructive fishing methods such as drag nets and dynamite fishing pose a serious problem as they destroy important habitats for fish and other organisms, and there is a long-term trend of overharvested fishery resources. However, fishing pressure varies within the country as fishery resources are utilized in a sustainable manner in some areas. For this report more than 340 references about Tanzanian fishery and fish ecology were covered. There are many gaps in terms of information needed for successful fishery management regarding both basic and applied research. Most research results have been presented as grey literature (57%) with limited distribution; only one-fifth were scientific publications in international journals.
Isolation and characterization of glioblastoma‐associated homozygously deleted DNA fragments from chromosomal region 9p21 suggests involvement of multiple tumour suppressor genes

Representational difference analysis (RDA) of a human glioblastoma xenograft resulted in the isolation of five tumour‐associated homozygously deleted DNA fragments, all originating from chromosome 9, region p21. Subsequent analysis of a series of ten glioblastomas using the newly isolated RDA fragments in conjunction with a series of known 9p21 DNA markers revealed homozygous deletions in nine of the ten (90 per cent) tumours. These deletions encompass the p15/p16 complex and two additional putative tumour suppressor loci. The RDA fragments correspond to the latter two loci. Taken together, these results suggest the involvement of multiple tumour suppressor genes from the 9p21 region in glioblastoma tumourigenesis. The novel RDA fragments will be instrumental in the isolation of the relevant genes. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
La evaluación del perfeccionismo: utilidad de la Escala Multidimensional de Perfeccionismo en población española

espanolLa Escala Multidimensional de Perfeccionismo (MPS) de Frost et al. (1990) es uno de los instrumentos con mas tradicion empirica y mayor influencia en el estudio del perfeccionismo. El objetivo de este trabajo es traducir y validar la MPS para su uso en poblacion espanola. Para ello, 434 participantes (77% mujeres; edad media: 23,38 anos), completaron la version espanola de la MPS junto con cuestionarios de obsesividad, trastornos alimentarios, y preocupaciones ansiosas, para evaluar la validez convergente de la MPS. El analisis de componentes principales (varianza explicada: 56%), revelo una estructura de 4 factores en lugar de los 6 originales: Miedo a los errores, Influencias paternas, Expectativas de logro y Organizacion. La consistencia interna de la escala total y sus subescalas fueron excelentes (a= 0,87 a 0,93). La MPS mostro una validez convergente adecuada a traves de su asociacion con diferentes medidas de psicopatologia, en especial con las referidas a obsesiones. EnglishThe Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS; Frost et al. 1990) has been extensively used in empirical research and is one of the most theoretically influential instruments in the research about perfectionism. The aim of the present study has been to translate and validate the MPS for its use in the Spanish population. To this end, 434 participants (77% women; mean age: 23.38 years), completed the Spanish version of the MPS, together with questionnaires measuring obsessiveness, eating disorders and anxious worries, in order to measure the MPS� convergent validity. A principal component analysis (% of explained variance: 56%) revealed a four-factor structure instead of the originally proposed six dimensions: Fear of mistakes, Parental influences, Achievement expectation, and Organization. Internal consistencies for the scale and its subscales were excellent (a values ranging from 0.87 to 0.93). The MPS showed an adequate convergent validity through its association to measures of psychopathology, especially with obsessivecompulsive disorder instruments.
A High-Throughput Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Protocol

State-machine replication (SMR) is a software technique for tolerating failures and for providing high availability in large-scale systems, through the use of commodity hardware. A replicated state-machine comprises a number of replicas, each of which runs an agreement protocol, with the goal of ensuring a consistent state across all of the replicas. In hostile environments, such as the Internet, Byzantine fault tolerant state-machine replication (BFT) is an important technique for providing robust services. During the past decade, we have seen an emergence of various BFT protocols. In order to be adopted, besides providing correctness, a BFT must provide good performance as well. Consequently, all of the new protocols focus on improving performance under various conditions. However, a closer look at the performance of state-of-the-art BFT protocols reveals that even in best-case execution scenarios, they still remain far behind their theoretical maximum. Based on exhaustive evaluation and monitoring of existing BFT protocols, we highlight a few impediments to their scalability. These obstructions include the use of IP multicast, the presence of bottlenecks due to asymmetric replica processing, and an unbalanced network bandwidth utilization. The goal of this thesis is to evaluate the actual impact of these scalability impediments, and to offer a solution for a high-throughput BFT protocol in the case in which the network itself is the bottleneck. To that end, we have developed Ring, a new BFT protocol which circumvents the aforementioned impediments. As its name suggests, Ring uses the ring communication topology, in the fault-free case. In the ring topology, each replica only performs point-to-point communications with two other replicas, namely its neighbors on the ring. Moreover, all of the replicas equally accept requests from clients and perform symmetric processing. Our performance evaluation shows that, with the network as the bottleneck, Ring outperforms all other, state-of-the-art BFT protocols. Ring achieves 118 Mbps on the Fast Ethernet – a 24% improvement in throughput over previous protocols. Finally, we conducted an extensive practical and analytic evaluation of Ring. In order to analyse benefits (and drawbacks) of Ring (and other protocols) under different settings, without resorting to costly experimentation, we developed an analytical performance model. Our performance model is based on queueing theory, and relies only on a handful of protocolagnostic measurements of the environment.
Potenciales evocados y cognición

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT In this paper a special kind of evoked potentials, known as endo- genous potentials, is presented. They are consequence of a con- trolled sensorial stimulus and, at the same time, are associated to internal psychological processes that have been triggered by the external stimulus. Therefore, they are products of the brain processing due to the stimulation. For this kind of PE the physiolo- gical origin is analyzed, several forms of stimulation are descri- bed for every one of them, the morphology of the signals is spe- cified, some of the most important characteristics and properties are remarked as well as some of their most common clinical appli- cations are detailed.
Mediating sport, myth, and masculinity: the National Hockey League's "Inside the Warrior" advertising campaign.

This study examines the development and production of the National Hockey League’s (NHL) 2005–2006 “Inside the Warrior” advertising campaign. Three aspects of the creative process are explored: (1) the context of the 2004–2005 NHL lockout season that led to the League’s ensuing relaunch and rebranding exercise for a new professional ice hockey product within the entertainment industry; (2) the promotional devices used in the campaign that accentuate its explicit hypermasculine “warrior” theme; and (3) interviews with executives from Conductor that offer important insights on their construction of a warrior theme and the existent nature of the crisis of masculinity. Taken collectively, it is argued that the NHL’s “Inside the Warrior” campaign is exemplary for exploring the crisis of masculinity inasmuch as it highlights how one major sport-entertainment-media partnership created, produced, and (re)presented a mythical form of hegemonic masculinity, a contemporary hockey warrior hero, for public consumption.
Reducing Artifacts in Surface Meshes Extracted from Binary Volumes

We present a mesh filtering method for surfaces extracted from binary volume data which guarantees a smooth and correct representation of the original binary sampled surface, even if the original volume data is inaccessible or unknown. This method reduces the typical block and staircase artifacts but adheres to the underlying binary volume data yielding an accurate and smooth representation. The proposed method is closest to the technique of Constrained Elastic Surface Nets (CESN). CESN is a specialized surface extraction method with a subsequent iterative smoothing process, which uses the binary input data as a set of constraints. In contrast to CESN, our method processes surface meshes extracted by means of Marching Cubes and does not require the binary volume. It acts directly and solely on the surface mesh and is thus feasible even for surface meshes of inaccessible or unknown volume data. This is possible by reconstructing information concerning the binary volume from artifacts in the extracted mesh and applying a relaxation method constrained to the reconstructed information.
Formal modeling and quantitative analysis of KLAIM-based mobile systems. — Full Version —

KLAIM is an experimental language designed for modeling and programming distributed systems composed of mobile components where distribution awareness and dynamic system architecture configuration are key issues, like most web-based service implementations. In this paper we propose STOcKLAIM, a STOchastic extension of cKLAIM, the core subset of KLAIM. cKLAIM includes process distribution, process mobility, and asynchronous communication. The extension makes it possible to integrate the modeling of quantitative aspects of mobile systems—e.g. performance—with the functional specification of such systems. At the conceptual level, our proposal is based on the assumption that any action of a process in a cKLAIM network takes some time to be executed. At the technical level, the time associated to the execution of an action is determined by a continuous random variable with an exponential distribution. Consequently, process actions in STOcKLAIM are equipped with the rate of such distributions. We present a formal operational semantics of STOcKLAIM, which associates a labeled transition system to each STOcKLAIM network and a translation from such labeled transition systems to Continuous Time Markov Chains for quantitative analysis. We also show how STOcKLAIM can be used by means of two simple examples: namely a distributed mobile service and the spreading of a virus.
Hantology-A Linguistic Resource for Chinese Language Processing and Studying

Hantology, a character-based Chinese language resource is created to provide an infrastructure for language processing and research on the writing system. Unlike alphabetic or syllabic writing systems, the ideographic writing system of Chinese poses both a challenge and an opportunity. The challenge is that a totally different resources structure must be created to represent and process speakers conventionalization of the language. The rare opportunity is that the structure itself is enriched with conceptual classification and can be utilized for ontology building. We describe the contents and possible applications of Hantology in this paper. The applications of Hantology include: (1) an account for the diachronic development of Chinese lexica (2) character-based language processing, (3) a study of conceptual structure differences in Chinese and English, and (4) comparisons of different ideographic writing systems.