Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Context Masculinities: Media Consumption, Physical Education, and Youth Identities

This article reports findings from a qualitative case study undertaken at a Vancouver high school designed to examine the role of media and physical education (PE) in shaping how young males (n = 36) understand and practice gender. The authors were specifically concerned with developing a nuanced understanding of how interpretations of masculinity relate to performances of masculinity and how interpretations and performances vary depending on social context and according to a youth’s social positioning. Findings revealed how participants criticized media portrayals of “hegemonic masculinities” (i.e., muscular, aggressive, and hyper-heterosexual masculinities) while simultaneously celebrating these same gender identities in PE. The authors used these findings as a foundation for arguing that (a) youth are flexible in their interpretations/performances of masculinity according to context; (b) the participants, in critiquing portrayals of hypermasculinity in media and supporting less radical versions of hegemonic masculinity in PE, were creating personal narratives around masculinity as a potential strategy for coping with feelings of disembodiment and disembeddedness; and (c) students’ critiques of gender portrayals, although offering symbolic challenges to the contemporary gender order, are nonetheless limited by structures that normalize hegemonic masculinities.
Reversible sketches for efficient and accurate change detection over network data streams

Traffic anomalies such as failures and attacks are increasing in frequency and severity, and thus identifying them rapidly and accurately is critical for large network operators. The detection typically treats the traffic as a collection of flows and looks for heavy changes in traffic patterns (<i>e.g.</i>, volume, number of connections). However, as link speeds and the number of flows increase, keeping per-flow state is not scalable. The recently proposed sketch-based schemes [14] are among the very few that can detect heavy changes and anomalies over massive data streams at network traffic speeds. However, sketches do not preserve the key (<i>e.g.</i>, source IP address) of the flows. Hence, even if anomalies are detected, it is difficult to infer the culprit flows, making it a big practical hurdle for online deployment. Meanwhile, the number of keys is too large to record. To address this challenge, we propose efficient <i>reversible hashing</i> algorithms to infer the keys of culprit flows from sketches without storing any explicit key information. No extra memory or memory accesses are needed for recording the streaming data. Meanwhile, the heavy change detection daemon runs in the background with space complexity and computational time sublinear to the key space size. This short paper describes the conceptual framework of the reversible sketches, as well as some initial approaches for implementation. See [23] for the optimized algorithms in details. comment We further apply various emph IP-mangling algorithms and emph bucket classification methods to reduce the false positives and false negatives. Evaluated with netflow traffic traces of a large edge router, we demonstrate that the reverse hashing can quickly infer the keys of culprit flows even for many changes with high accuracy.
A Simplified Model for Passive-Switched-Capacitor Filters With Complex Poles

This brief demonstrates a method to realize complex conjugate poles using passive-switched-capacitor networks. In addition, a simplified continuous-time model will be introduced so that accurate transfer functions and output noise can be obtained without the need for complicated charge-balance equations and thereby allow a better intuitive understanding of these structures. The developed theory is demonstrated through the design of a second-order low-pass Butterworth biquad with applications intended in the design of wireless RF receivers.
The asymmetry of pectoralis muscles is greater in male prepubertal than in professional tennis players

Abstract It is generally accepted that preadolescents have a limited capacity to develop muscle hypertrophy in response to exercise compared with older populations; however, studies are scarce and conflicting. The main aim of the present study was to assess if playing tennis is associated with the hypertrophy of dominant pectoralis muscles (PM) in professional (PRO) and in prepubescent tennis players (PRE). A secondary aim was to assess if the degree of asymmetry of PM is greater in PRO than PRE. The volume of PM of both sides was determined using magnetic resonance imaging in 8 male PRO (21.9 years), 6 male PRE (11 years, Tanner 1–2) and 12 male non-active controls (6 adults: 23.5 years; and 6 prepubescents: 10.7 years, Tanner 1–2). PRO and PRE had 15 and 30% greater volume, respectively, in the dominant than in the contralateral PM (P < .01). No significant side-to-side differences in PM volume were observed in the non-active controls (3%, P = .34 in adults and 5%, P = .17 in children). The degree of side-to-side asymmetry in PM volume was greater in PRE than in PRO (P < .05). In conclusion, tennis practice is associated with marked hypertrophy of dominant PM in tennis players, even at prepubertal age, whilst non-active age-matched control subjects display similar volumes in both sides. The larger asymmetry observed in PRE than in PRO may indicate a greater relative loading in the children or increased contralateral hypertrophy in the professionals. This study demonstrates that prepubertal children respond with marked hypertrophy to loading by tennis.
EEG Based Cognitive Workload Assessment for Maximum Efficiency

Modern work requires multitasking and the need for sustained vigilance, which result in workrelated stress and increase the possibility of human error. So methods for estimating cognitive overload and mental fatigue of the brain during work performance are needed. Cognitive load (CL) refers to the amount of mental demand imposed by a task on a person, and has been associated with the limited capacity of working memory. It is very important to maintain the optimal cognitive load so as to achieve the maximum efficiency and productivity. So real time non invasive measurement of cognitive load is very important. Physiological measures are good for continuous monitoring of workload levels. Five most important physiological areas to measure workload are: cardiac activity, respiratory activity, eye activity, speech measures, and brain activity. Tracking the level of performance in cognitive tasks may be useful in environments, such as aircraft, where the awareness of the pilots is critical for security. EEG has the potential to identify changes in cognitive load in tasks that require continuous and intensive allocation of attention. This paper describes the usefulness of EEG brain activity in the workload prediction. The important benefit of this method is that it can be used continuously without the interference of any task but the drawback is it requires a special instrument to capture process and interpret the signal.
Missing data

This paper raises a practical concern: how can we avoid a situation in which a randomized controlled trial (RCT) shows that a therapy has a statistically significant and clinically important benefit for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, but the credibility of the result is called into question because of missing data? This is a real possibility, and potentially a very serious problem for ALS investigators. It is the responsibility of statisticians and others to recommend steps to minimize it. In this paper we emphasize the importance of missing data in RCTs, and discuss how the problem can be handled in an unbiased way by imputation procedures. We then summarize the limitations of these imputation procedures, and conclude with some recommendations for trial design and conduct that are tailored to RCTs for ALS.
The Role Of Awareness: Divergent Automatic Stereotype Activation And Implicit Judgment Correction

Abstract Two experiments investigated automatic stereotype activation and its correction. In Experiment 1 (n = 57) the category “Blacks” was primed using a lexical decision task. People high and low in prejudice subsequently formed divergent impressions of the target person. Replicating previous findings (Lepore & Brown, 1997), high-prejudice participants' judgments were more negative and low-prejudice people's ratings more positive. Awareness of a connection between priming and impression formation reversed this pattern. Experiment 2 (n = 40) revealed that awareness of a connection, irrespective of priming recall, promoted a correction of the judgment. Unaware high- and low-prejudice participants again showed divergent automatic stereotype activation, but aware respondents corrected their judgments in opposite directions. Thus, when automatic stereotype activation is differentiated, implicit correction processes act upon different accessible knowledge, resulting in divergent judgment corrections. Implica.
Attachment, caregiving, and relationship functioning in couples: effects of self and partner

We examined the links among attachment, caregiving, and relationship functioning in both dating (Study 1) and married couples (Study 2), assessing both partners' perspectives. We found that (1) men and women generally evidenced caregiving characteristics similar to those of their parent% especially their same-sex parent; (2) individuals who reported giving more care to their partner evidenced less fearful-avoidant attachment (Studies 1 and 2) and less preoccupation with attachment (Study 2); and (3) individuals' own attachment models and their partner's attachment models and caregiving jointly predicted relationship functioning, but individuals' own attachment models remained strong predictors even after the partner's attachment and caregiving were taken into account. The results suggest that caregiving learned in childhood attachment relationships may be carried forward into adult romantic relationships, and they support the idea that attachment and caregiving are central components of romantic love.
Not to be Confused about Free Association

The effort to articulate key psychoanalytic concepts in terms of the neurophysiology of action is a promising undertaking that opens perspectives for a fruitful dialogue between psychoanalysis and modern sensorimotor neurosciences. For this to happen it is important to operationalize these psychoanalytic concepts more precisely. In this commentary, articulate distinctions are proposed between free association and, respectively, (1) unconscious processing, (2) a minimally constrained executive task, (3) spontaneity and intentionality, (4) primary-process mentation, and (5) ego function. In particular, the opposite understandings of “free” as either “free of defense” or “able to choose beyond unconscious inclinations” are discussed.
OPTIMIZED MULTIPLE DESCRIPTION SCALAR QUANTIZATION BASED 3 D MESH CODING

In this paper, we propose a Multiple Description Coding (MDC) scheme for 3D models represented by triangular meshes. The objective of MDC is to encode a source into multiple bitstreams, called descriptions, supporting multiple quality levels of decoding. The proposed scheme is based on multiresolution geometry compression achieved by using wavelet transform and modified SPIHT algorithm. We obtain multiple descriptions by applying Multiple Description Scalar Quantization (MDSQ) to wavelet coefficients. Our aim is to minimize expected distortion at the decoder side. Therefore we optimize the index assignment parameters of MDSQ for a given description loss probability and bit budget constraint. The optimization is based on generalized Breiman, Friedman, Olshen, and Stone (BFOS) algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better expected quality compared to single description coding.
An efficient graph representation for arithmetic circuitverification

In this paper, we propose a new data structure called multiplicative power hybrid decision diagrams (*PHDDs) to provide a compact representation for functions that map Boolean vectors into integer or floating-point (FP) values. The size of the graph to represent the IEEE FP encoding is linear with the word size. The complexity of FP multiplication grows linearly with the word size. The complexity of FP addition grows exponentially with the size of the exponent part, but linearly with the size of the mantissa part. We applied *PHDDs to verify integer multipliers and FP multipliers before the rounding stage, based on a hierarchical verification approach. For integer multipliers, our results are at least six times faster than binary moment diagrams. Previous attempts at verifying FP multipliers required manual intervention, but we verified FP multipliers before the rounding stage automatically.
Bronchodilator reversibility, airway eosinophilia and anti‐inflammatory effects of inhaled fluticasone in COPD are not related

Background and objective: Bronchodilator reversibility (BDR) is common in smoking‐related COPD, but the airway pathology underlying this has not been described. In particular, it is not known whether BDR is associated with underlying airway eosinophilia and whether BDR is predictive of a better response to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment.
Variation in Effectiveness Between Private and Public Schools: The Impact of School and Family Networks*

Abstract Building upon the assumption that cohesion between different levels of the school is essential to the schools’ effectiveness, the hypothesis is tested that a close kinship between school and parental community causes a positive effect on student outcomes in primary schools. Recent theories regarding the effects of ‘functional communities’ on academic achievement mainly focus on the characteristics of the parental community that surrounds a school. Recognizing, however, that schools differ regarding their responsiveness to the role of parents and other actors around the school, our expectation is that a definition of functional community which comprises interactions between characteristics of the parental network around the school and the governance structure of the school offers a better explanation of variation in student achievement. Based on a national sample of 90 schools for primary education in the Netherlands, our analysis shows that the differences in math achievement for public and priva.
Get MediaSmart®: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Controversy Around Advertising to Children in the UK

In response to calls for increased regulation of advertising to children (occasioned by concerns over childhood obesity levels) a group of UK advertisers targeting young people have sought to demonstrate social responsibility by providing media literacy education resources for children aged six to eleven through the MediaSmart® initiative. This article draws on Critical Discourse Analysis (Fairclough 2001) to analyse a selection of publicly available accounts of the 2002 launch and operation of MediaSmart® in order to explore how alternative discursive representations of MediaSmart® construct children and advertising in relation to one another, and how these constructions work to further the social practices of which the discourses in question are part. The analysis concludes that the competing discourses have a stake in the problem of advertising to children remaining open‐ended, but suggests that the possibilities of its resolution lie in (a) the incorporation of children's own perspectives in controversy conducted on their behalf by adults, and (b) conceptions of media literacy which are more active and age‐inclusive than those evident in the discourses currently available.
A New Iterative Approach to the Corrective Security-Constrained Optimal Power Flow Problem

This paper deals with techniques to solve the corrective security-constrained optimal power flow (CSCOPF) problem. To this end, we propose a new iterative approach that comprises four modules: a CSCOPF which considers only a subset of potentially binding contingencies among the postulated contingencies, a (steady-state) security analysis (SSSA), a contingency filtering (CF) technique, and an OPF variant to check post-contingency state feasibility when taking into account post-contingency corrective actions. We compare performances of our approach and its possible variants with classical CSCOPF approaches such as the direct approach and Benders decomposition (BD), on three systems of 60, 118, and 1203 buses.
Magnetostrophic balance as the optimal state for turbulent magnetoconvection

Significance What sets the strength of a planet’s magnetic field? Theory suggests that there exists a “sweet spot” for magnetic field generation, in which the constraining influences of the Coriolis force (from planetary rotation) and Lorentz force (from the magnetic field) partially cancel, and the convective flow that generates magnetic energy is maximally efficient. However, this predicted optimal state, termed the magnetostrophic regime, has not yet been observed in computational dynamo simulations and has never been tested in a real, turbulent liquid metal, and so its existence has recently been called into question. Here, we report the first-ever, to our knowledge, turbulent magnetostrophic convection experiments. We observe that the magnetostrophic regime is, in fact, maximally efficient, substantiating the application of magnetostrophic theory to planets. The magnetic fields of Earth and other planets are generated by turbulent convection in the vast oceans of liquid metal within them. Although direct observation is not possible, this liquid metal circulation is thought to be dominated by the controlling influences of planetary rotation and magnetic fields through the Coriolis and Lorentz forces. Theory famously predicts that planetary dynamo systems naturally settle into the so-called magnetostrophic state, where the Coriolis and Lorentz forces partially cancel, and convection is optimally efficient. Although this magnetostrophic theory correctly predicts the strength of Earth’s magnetic field, no laboratory experiments have reached the magnetostrophic regime in turbulent liquid metal convection. Furthermore, computational dynamo simulations have as yet failed to produce a magnetostrophic dynamo, which has led some to question the existence of the magnetostrophic state. Here, we present results from the first, to our knowledge, turbulent, magnetostrophic convection experiments using the liquid metal gallium. We find that turbulent convection in the magnetostrophic regime is, in fact, maximally efficient. The experimental results clarify these previously disparate results, suggesting that the dynamically optimal magnetostrophic state is the natural expression of turbulent planetary dynamo systems.
Crystal Structure of the Drug Discharge Outer Membrane Protein, OprM, of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The OprM lipoprotein of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a member of the MexAB-OprM xenobiotic-antibiotic transporter subunits that is assumed to serve as the drug discharge duct across the outer membrane. The channel structure must differ from that of the porin-type open pore because the protein facilitates the exit of antibiotics but not the entry. For better understanding of the structure-function linkage of this important pump subunit, we studied the x-ray crystallographic structure of OprM at the 2.56-Å resolution. The overall structure exhibited trimeric assembly of the OprM monomer that consisted mainly of two domains: the membrane-anchoring β-barrel and the cavity-forming α-barrel. OprM anchors the outer membrane by two modes of membrane insertions. One is via the covalently attached NH2-terminal fatty acids and the other is the β-barrel structure consensus on the outer membrane-spanning proteins. The β-barrel had a pore opening with a diameter of about 6–8 Å, which is not large enough to accommodate the exit of any antibiotics. The periplasmic α-barrel was about 100 Å long formed mainly by a bundle of α-helices that formed a solvent-filled cavity of about 25,000 Å3. The proximal end of the cavity was tightly sealed, thereby not permitting the entry of any molecule. The result of this structure was that the resting state of OprM had a small outer membrane pore and a tightly closed periplasmic end, which sounds plausible because the protein should not allow free access of antibiotics. However, these observations raised another unsolved problem about the mechanism of opening of the OprM cavity ends. The crystal structure offers possible mechanisms of pore opening and pump assembly.
The Impact of Financial Information and Voluntary Disclosures on Contributions to Not‐For‐Profit Organizations

This study uses a field‐based experiment combined with a follow‐up laboratory experiment to investigate whether accounting information reduces perceived uncertainty about nonprofit operations. Potential donors were sent, via a direct mail campaign, fundraising appeals containing varying amounts of financial and nonfinancial information in order to determine whether individual donors are more likely to contribute when accounting information or voluntary disclosures are provided. Participants in a lab experiment were asked to assess the usefulness of the different versions of the fundraising appeals. A logistic regression provides evidence that some donors who have previously donated use financial accounting information when making a donation decision. The results are inconclusive regarding whether donors use nonfinancial service efforts and accomplishments disclosures to determine whether and how much to give, but participants in the lab experiment judged the nonfinancial disclosures to be useful for makin.