Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Introduction Live Cell Imaging in Fission Yeast

Live cell imaging complements the array of biochemical andmolecular genetic approaches to provide a comprehensive insight into functional dependencies and molecular interactions in fission yeast. Fluorescent proteins and vital dyes reveal dynamic changes in the spatial distribution of organelles and the proteome and how each alters in response to changes in environmental and genetic composition. This introduction discusses key issues and basic image analysis for live cell imaging of fission yeast.
Symbolic Representation of Algorithmic Game Semantics

In this paper we revisit the regular-language representation of game semantics of second-order recursion free Idealized Algol with infinite data types. By using symbolic values instead of concrete ones we generalize the standard notion of regular-language and automata representations to that of corresponding symbolic representations. In this way terms with infinite data types, such as integers, can be expressed as finite symbolic-automata although the standard automata interpretation is infinite. Moreover, significant reductions of the state space of game semantics models are obtained. This enables efficient verification of terms, which is illustrated with several examples.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance‐GUIDEd management of mild to moderate left ventricular systolic dysfunction (CMR GUIDE): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

The majority of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with heart failure occurs in those with mild‐moderate left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction (LVEF 36–50%) who under current guidelines are ineligible for primary prevention implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) therapy. Recent data suggest that cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) evidence of replacement fibrosis forms a substrate for malignant arrhythmia and therefore potentially identifies a subgroup at increased risk of SCD. Our hypothesis is that among patients with mild‐moderate LV systolic dysfunction, a CMR‐guided management strategy for ICD insertion based on the presence of scar or fibrosis is superior to a current strategy of standard care.
The (Super)Tree of Life: Procedures, Problems, and Prospects

▪ Abstract Supertree construction is a new, rigorous approach for combining phylogenetic information to produce more inclusive phylogenies. It has been used to provide some of the largest, most complete phylogenies for diverse groups (e.g., mammals, flowering plants, and dinosaurs) at a variety of taxonomic levels. We critically review methods for assembling supertrees, discuss some of their more interesting mathematical properties, and describe the strengths and limitations of the supertree approach. To document the need for supertrees in biology, we identify how supertrees have already been used beyond the systematic information they provide to examine models of evolution, test rates of cladogenesis, detect patterns of trait evolution, and extend phylogenetic information to biodiversity conservation.
Bayesian Adaptive Stochastic Process Termination

This paper considers the problem of optimally terminating a number of stochastic processes when the time varying random rewards have distributions belonging to an exponential family with an unknown parameter. The problem is formulated as a Bayesian adaptive control model with the objective of minimizing the difference between the expected reward and the optimal reward when the parameter is known. The paper establishes an asymptotic lower bound on this difference and constructs policies based on a Kullback-Leibler index that obtain this lower bound. The results are applied to models of tree harvesting and destructive testing. A simulation study shows that these policies are efficient when the number of processes is large.
Imbalance Between Postprandial Ghrelin and Insulin Responses to an Ad Libitum Meal in Obese Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may have impairment in the regulation of food intake associated with ghrelin and insulin. In order to compare postprandial ghrelin and insulin responses to an ad libitum meal, we assessed 30 obese women with PCOS and 23 obese women without PCOS (control group). Blood samples were taken under fasting conditions, preprandially, and 15, 45, 75, and 135 minutes after the beginning of an ad libitum meal and ghrelin and insulin concentrations were analyzed. Insulin resistance (IR) was classified using basal insulin, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, and homeostasis model assessment index. Mean ad libitum food intake was similar between the groups (468 ± 150 vs 444 ± 165 g, P = .60). The IR was found in 56.6% in PCOS group compared with 30.4% in the control group (P < .01). The postprandial ghrelin response was similar in both the groups but the insulin area under the curve (AUC) tend to be greater in the PCOS group (12807 ± 8149.4 vs 8654.4 ± 7232.3 μIU/mL/min; P = .057). The ghrelin AUC was negatively correlated with the insulin AUC (r = −.5138; P = .01) only in the control group. The imbalance in the feedback mechanisms between insulin and ghrelin, present in obese women, especially those with IR, may affect food intake throughout the day and that could be a mechanism for the development of obesity in PCOS.
On-line Hot Topic Recommendation Using Tolerance Rough Set Based Topic Clustering

In this paper we present our research of online hot topic detection and label extraction method for our hot topic recommendation system. Using a new topical feature selection method, the feature space is compressed suitable for an online system. The tolerance rough set model is used to enriching the small set of topical feature words to a topical approximation space. According to the distance defined on the topical approximation space, the web pages are clustered into groups which will be merged with document overlap. The topic labels are extracted based on the approximation topical space enriched with the useful but high frequency topical words dropped by the clustering process. The experiments show that our method could generate more information abundant classes and more topical class labels, alleviate the topical drift caused by the non-topical and noise words.
Effect of specific ion channel blockers on cultured schwann cell proliferation

Mitogenesis in a variety of tissues is known to be inhibited by K+ channel blockers such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) and 4‐aminopyridine (4‐AP). Using radiolabeled thymidine as a proliferation index we have examined what role, if any, specific K+ channels have in cultured Schwann cells that have been induced to proliferate by pre‐exposure to mitogens.
Prenatal ontogeny of the epidermal growth factor receptor and its ligand, transforming growth factor alpha, in the rat brain

Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) interacts with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF‐R) to produce its biological effects. TGFα induces the proliferation and differentiation of central nervous system (CNS) astrocytes and pluripotent stem cells, as well as the survival and differentiation of postmitotic CNS neurons. Both TGFα and EGF‐R have been localized to the postnatal CNS. As the majority of CNS neuronal proliferation and migration occurs antenatally, we have examined the ontogeny of TGFα and EGF‐R in the embryonic rat brain by in situ hybridization. EGF‐R mRNA was expressed in the brain as early as embryonic day 11 (E11; the earliest age examined). It was initially detected in the midbrain, with subsequent expression first in multiple germinal zones, followed by expression in numerous cells throughout the brain. In many brain areas, EGF‐R mRNA appeared in germinal centers during the later stages of neurogenesis and the early stages of gliogenesis. In the midbrain, the distribution of EGF‐R mRNA overlapped extensively with that of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA, suggesting that fetal dopaminergic neurons express EGF‐R. Immunocytochemistry was used to demonstrate the presence of EGF‐R‐immunoreactive protein in brain areas that expressed EGF‐R mRNA on E15 and E20. The expression of TGFα in many brain structures preceded that of EGF‐R mRNA. TGFα mRNA was distributed throughout many non‐germinal centers of the brain on E12 and later. Some brain areas, such as the external granule cell layer of the cerebellum, expressed EGF‐R, but not TGFα mRNA. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that mRNA species for both TGFα and EGF‐R were similar in embryos and adults. These data indicate that TGFα and EGF‐R are positioned to have a role in the genesis, differentiation, migration, or survival of numerous cell populations in the embryonic brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 380:243–261, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
COH, SRT22, and multiple functionals

We prove the following result: there is a family $R = \langle R_0,R_1,\ldots \rangle$ of subsets of $\omega$ such that for every stable coloring $c : [\omega]^2 \to k$ hyperarithmetical in $R$ and every finite collection of Turing functionals, there is an infinite homogeneous set $H$ for $c$ such that none of the finitely many functionals map $R \oplus H$ to an infinite cohesive set for $R$. This extends the current best partial results towards the $\mathsf{SRT}^2_2$ vs. $\mathsf{COH}$ problem in reverse mathematics, and is also a partial result towards the resolution of several related problems, such as whether $\mathsf{COH}$ is omnisciently computably reducible to $\mathsf{SRT}^2_2$.
Electromagnetic analysis of axi-symmetric structures

Various types of antennas and transmission media for electromagnetic waves (coax cable, waveguides, etc.) exhibit symmetry around an axis of rotation and hence called bodies of revolution. By analytically extracting the known periodic behavior of the fields in the azimuth, the fields everywhere may be found by solving Maxwell's equations in a single two dimension plane. This body of revolution (BOR) approach has been used in the past with other numerical techniques for solving electromagnetic problems. Although the use of BOR approach with the finite difference time domain (FDTD) technique has already been reported, this paper presents an advanced integration of the FDTD-BOR with the perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition. This implementation significantly reduces the undesired reflection of outgoing waves due to the mesh truncation for a wide range of frequencies. Good agreement with published computed and measured data are obtained with the developed FDTD-BOR-PML technique for dielectric resonators and microstrip antennas. The developed algorithm is used for the analysis and design of new types of axi-symmetric antennas for personal wireless communications.
Communication using eye roll reflective signalling

Body reflections in the ultraviolet (UV) are a common occurrence in nature. Despite the abundance of such signals and the presence of UV cones in the retinas of many vertebrates, the function of UV cones in the majority of taxa remains unclear. Here, we report on an unusual communication system in the razorback sucker, Xyrauchen texanus, that involves flash signals produced by quick eye rolls. Behavioural experiments and field observations indicate that this form of communication is used to signal territorial presence between males. The flash signal shows highest contrast in the UV region of the visual spectrum (λmax∼380 nm), corresponding to the maximum wavelength of absorption of the UV cone mechanism in suckers. Furthermore, these cones are restricted to the dorsal retina of the animal and the upwelling light background is such that their relative sensitivity would be enhanced by chromatic adaptation of the other cone mechanisms. Thus, the UV cones in the sucker have optimal characteristics (both in terms of absorbance and retinal topography) to constitute the main detectors of the flash signal. Our findings provide the first ecological evidence for restricted distribution of UV cones in the retina of a vertebrate.
Re-ranking approach to classification in large-scale power-law distributed category systems

For large-scale category systems, such as Directory Mozilla, which consist of tens of thousand categories, it has been empirically verified in earlier studies that the distribution of documents among categories can be modeled as a power-law distribution. It implies that a significant fraction of categories, referred to as rare categories, have very few documents assigned to them. This characteristic of the data makes it harder for learning algorithms to learn effective decision boundaries which can correctly detect such categories in the test set. In this work, we exploit the distribution of documents among categories to (i) derive an upper bound on the accuracy of any classifier, and (ii) propose a ranking-based algorithm which aims to maximize this upper bound. The empirical evaluation on publicly available large-scale datasets demonstrate that the proposed method not only achieves higher accuracy but also much higher coverage of rare categories as compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Institute of Physics Publishing Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering Design and Fabrication of Artificial Lateral Line Flow Sensors 1. Underwater Flow Sensing

Underwater flow sensing is important for many robotics and military applications, including underwater robots and vessels. We report the development of micromachined, distributed flow sensors based on a biological inspiration, the fish lateral line sensors. Design and fabrication processes for realizing individual lateral line sensor nodes are discussed in this paper, along with preliminary characterization results. The fish uses lateral line sensors to monitor surrounding flow fields for maneuvering and survival under water [1]. A lateral line system, shown in figure 1, consists of an array of distributed sensor nodes (the so-called neuromasts) that span the length of the fish body. Each sensor node, in turn, consists of a cluster of hair cells embedded in protective, gel-like domes. An individual biological hair cell, a fundamental mechanoreceptor, consists of a vertical cilium attached to a neuron. If the cilium of the hair cell is bent by the local fluid flow, the neuron attached to the cilium stretches and produces action potentials. In certain fish species, the lateral line sensor nodes may be directly exposed at the surface of the skin. In others, the sensor nodes may be hidden in subdermal channels in order to minimize wear and damage. Underwater vehicles and robots require reliable flow sensing methods. Engineered flow sensors have been developed in the past based on a number of sensing principles, including thermal (hot-wire) anemometry [2], Doppler frequency shift and indirect inference from pressure differences [3, 4]. Hot-wire anemometers use fine heating elements that double as temperature sensors. The local flow rate is inferred from the extent of forced convective heat transfer from the hot wire. The majority of existing hot-wire anemometers are conventionally made using macroscopic machining methods. Micromachined hot-wire anemometers have also been developed in recent years [5–8]. Sensors based on Doppler frequency shifts consist of an acoustic launcher and a receiver. The overall size of the device is generally large. Existing flow sensors based on pressure distribution measurements also have large sizes and are generally not suitable for forming distributed arrays. In the past two decades, several research groups have developed micromachined flow sensors that are based on a variety of sensing principles including the three principles mentioned above. Microfabrication offers the benefits of high spatial resolution, fast time response, integrated signal processing and potentially low costs. Microsensors [9] based on various principles (including thermal transfer [10–12], torque transfer [13–16] and pressure distribution [17–19]) have been …
Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Fast Nonlocal Means and Envelop Spectrum

The nonlocal means (NL-Means) method that has been widely used in the field of image processing in recent years effectively overcomes the limitations of the neighborhood filter and eliminates the artifact and edge problems caused by the traditional image denoising methods. Although NL-Means is very popular in the field of 2D image signal processing, it has not received enough attention in the field of 1D signal processing. This paper proposes a novel approach that diagnoses the fault of a rolling bearing based on fast NL-Means and the envelop spectrum. The parameters of the rolling bearing signals are optimized in the proposed method, which is the key contribution of this paper. This approach is applied to the fault diagnosis of rolling bearing, and the results have shown the efficiency at detecting roller bearing failures.
The Polish Task within Cultural Heritage in CLEF (CHiC) 2013. Torun Runs

This paper presents the goals and realization of a Polish Task for Cultural Heritage in CLEF (CHiC) 2013 campaign. We present a short intro- duction to Polish language complexity, and problematic issues that may occur during automatic text processing. The organization of a separate ad-hoc task for Polish has been described, as well as collection used for test. We do also de- scribe topics delivered for the task. Last part of the paper presents results analy- sis and comments on used IR techniques and their adequacy for information re- trieval for Polish.
Effect of Prenatal and Natal Administration of Testosterone on Production of Structurally Based Plumage Coloration

Testosterone has been implicated as a developmental mechanism involved in the organization and expression of sexually dimorphic traits, such as plumage coloration, in birds. Although research findings relating testosterone levels to plumage expression is equivocal, few studies have investigated how testosterone may influence the expression of structurally based plumage coloration. Here, we use experimental and correlational evidence to test the hypothesis that testosterone influences the development and maintenance of structurally based plumage coloration in a wild-breeding population of eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis). First, we experimentally manipulated yolk testosterone and measured the effect on the development of plumage coloration of nestlings. Second, we implanted juvenile bluebirds with testosterone and measured the effect on nestling growth, body condition, and plumage coloration of nestlings. Third, we measured covariation between circulating testosterone and plumage coloration of breeding males. Yolk testosterone injections had no significant effect on nestling plumage coloration. Testosterone implantation, however, caused a reduction in plumage brightness, elevated corticosterone, and slower growth in nestlings. Finally, in breeding adult males we found no significant relationship between structural coloration and testosterone; however, males with higher testosterone levels exhibited duller chestnut (melanin-based) plumage. Our observations lead us to reject the hypothesis that testosterone increases structural plumage coloration in male eastern bluebirds.
Augmenting Supervised Emotion Recognition with Rule-Based Decision Model

The aim of this research is development of rule based decision model for emotion recognition. This research also proposes using the rules for augmenting inter-corporal recognition accuracy in multimodal systems that use supervised learning techniques. The classifiers for such learning based recognition systems are susceptible to over fitting and only perform well on intra-corporal data. To overcome the limitation this research proposes using rule based model as an additional modality. The rules were developed using raw feature data from visual channel, based on human annotator agreement and existing studies that have attributed movement and postures to emotions. The outcome of the rule evaluations was combined during the decision phase of emotion recognition system. The results indicate rule based emotion recognition augment recognition accuracy of learning based systems and also provide better recognition rate across inter corpus emotion test data.
Comparing computer-interpretable guideline models: a case-study approach.

OBJECTIVES Many groups are developing computer-interpretable clinical guidelines (CIGs) for use during clinical encounters. CIGs use "Task-Network Models" for representation but differ in their approaches to addressing particular modeling challenges. We have studied similarities and differences between CIGs in order to identify issues that must be resolved before a consensus on a set of common components can be developed. DESIGN We compared six models: Asbru, EON, GLIF, GUIDE, PRODIGY, and PROforma. Collaborators from groups that created these models represented, in their own formalisms, portions of two guidelines: American College of Chest Physicians cough guidelines [correction] and the Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. MEASUREMENTS We compared the models according to eight components that capture the structure of CIGs. The components enable modelers to encode guidelines as plans that organize decision and action tasks in networks. They also enable the encoded guidelines to be linked with patient data-a key requirement for enabling patient-specific decision support. RESULTS We found consensus on many components, including plan organization, expression language, conceptual medical record model, medical concept model, and data abstractions. Differences were most apparent in underlying decision models, goal representation, use of scenarios, and structured medical actions. CONCLUSION We identified guideline components that the CIG community could adopt as standards. Some of the participants are pursuing standardization of these components under the auspices of HL7.
Catalytic tubular microjet propulsion model for endovascular navigation

This paper describes the propulsion of the catalytic tubular microjet using Navier-Stokes equations. Especially, the thrust capability of the microjet is outstanding compared with the other microsystems, but remains only partially understood. Studies have identified the internal precursory mechanisms of the propulsion of the microjet: its inner wall catalyzes the dismutation of aqueous hydrogen peroxide, and an oxygen bubble is then formed and migrates towards its widest opening. This impulses the propulsion of the microjet towards the opposite direction. However, the precise propellant role of the liquid surrounding the jet remains misunderstood. The same goes for the inner wall of the vessel in which the jet navigates, especially in narrowed environment. This article discusses these aspects in a simplified theoretical framework. Calculations are performed by explicit computation of Navier-Stokes equations. The obtained theoretical outcome are in good agreement with experimental results in the literature.
Online modeling method based on dynamic time warping and least squares support vector machine for fermentation process

A new online local modeling method is proposed for fed-batch fermentation processes based on dynamic time warping (DTW) and least squares support vector machine (LS_SVM). In this method, a set of data within the sliding window is set as a query sequence in the current process, and then search for the most similar sub-sequence from the historical batch database to form the training set. At last, this training set will be used for build online local model based on LS_SVM. A forecast model of penicillin's concentration is constructed based on the proposed method and off-line global modeling method using the data generated by the Pensim fermentation simulation platform. The simulation result shows that this method has a higher forecast accuracy and dynamic adaptability compared with the traditional offline modeling method.