Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of a four-phase interleaved boost circuit with closed-coupled inductors

In this paper, a novel magnetic structure suitable for boost converters is proposed. Multi-phase interleaved method using coupled-inductor has gained attention in electric powertrains for electric, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles in order to achieve high power density. In fact, a four-phase boost converter using coupled inductor is used in the drive system of the Honda CLARITY. In particular, magnetic coupling method is used in coupled inductors, Loosely-Coupled Inductors (LCI) and Closed-Coupled Inductors (CCI). This study is focused on these methods, especially using the CCI. This paper presents a design method of a closed-coupled inductors using generic cores for a four-phase interleaved boost converter. In addition a comparison between the proposed topology with other conventional non-coupled methods is carried out. Furthermore, the evaluation of miniaturization is studied. As a result, the proposed method can achieve a huge reduction in the core volume and mass.
Reduced proliferation and enhanced migration: Two sides of the same coin? Molecular mechanisms of metastatic progression by YB-1

Hyperproliferation induced by various oncogenic proteins, including activated Ras, is the most prominent and well characterized feature of cancerous cells. This property has been exploited in the development of the most successful anti-cancer treatments to target rapidly dividing cells. Here we argue that hyperproliferation may in fact be detrimental to survival during particular stages of cancer progression such as dissemination from primary tumor and establishing metastatic outgrowth. Our recent work has demonstrated that elevation of YB-1 protein levels, which is frequently observed in human cancers, is associated with reduced proliferation rates in disseminated mesenchymal-like breast carcinoma cells. In breast cancer cell lines with activated Ras-MAPK signaling, YB-1 inhibited cellular proliferation, while inducing an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The underlying mechanism involves YB-1-mediated translational repression of pro-growth transcripts and activation of the messages encoding EMT-associated proteins, many of which are also known to inhibit proliferation. In addition to the lack of epithelial polarity, increased mobility and invasiveness, YB-1-overexpressing cells displayed a remarkable ability to shut down proliferation and survive in anchorage-independent conditions. These findings support the view that while an increase in proliferation is important for the initiation and maintenance of primary tumors, growth inhibition could ultimately be crucial for survival of carcinoma cells in the circulation and secondary organs, thereby leading to the development of a more malignant phenotype.
The Rhetorical Dynamics of Gender Harassment On-Line

This article compares two extended interactions that took place recently on the Internet, one from a recreational Internet Relay Chat (IRC)channel, and the other from an academic listserv discussion group. The two interactions exhibit similar gender dynamics, which can be characterized as harassment of female by male participants. This harassment takes different forms, in keeping with the possibilities inherent in the two modes of computer-mediated communication. Whereas female participants on IRC are kicked off the channel, in the discussion group harassers must rely exclusively on language to intimidate and silence. This "rhetoric of harassment" crucially invokes libertarian principles of freedom of expression, constructing women's resistance as "censorship. " A rhetorical analysis of the two harassment episodes thus sheds light on the means used to construct and maintain asymmetrical gender and power dynamics in different modes of CMC.
Genetics of dopamine receptors and drug addiction: a comprehensive review

Drug dependence is a chronic, relapsing disorder in which compulsive drug-seeking and drug-taking behaviours persist despite serious negative consequences. Addictive substances, such as opioids, ethanol, psychostimulants and nicotine, induce pleasant states or relieve distress, effects that contribute to their recreational use. Dopamine is critically involved in drug addiction processes. However, the role of the various dopaminergic receptor subtypes has been difficult to delineate. Here, we will review the information collected implicating the receptors of the D1 family (DRD1 and DRD5) and of the D2 family (DRD2, DRD3 and DRD4) in drug addiction. We will summarize the distribution of these receptors in the brain, the preclinical experiments carried out with pharmacological and transgenic approaches and the genetic studies carried out linking genetic variants of these receptors to drug addiction phenotypes. A meta-analysis of the studies carried out evaluating DRD2 and alcohol dependence is also provided, which indicates a significant association. Overall, this review indicates that different aspects of the addiction phenotype are critically influenced by dopaminergic receptors and that variants of those genes seem to influence some addiction phenotypes in humans.
Key Research Issues for Reconfigurable Network-on-Chip

Network on chip (NoC) has emerged as the design paradigm for scalable System on Chip with harsh bandwidth requirements. However, current NoCs remain not flexible enough to support communication dynamic behaviors (size, instances) inherent to a growing majority of embedded systems. Few solutions have been proposed to make NoC reconfigurable using different methods but,to the best of our knowledges, none of them has a clear and reusable design methodology. The first objective of this paper is to propose an overview of existing work as a starting point for research in this domain. Then to deal with the current situation, we introduce a description of a dynamic reconfiguration model for NoC and enumerate several outstanding research issues organized on three topics: dynamic reconfiguration administration, network infrastructure reconfiguration and network protocols reconfiguration.
Assimilation of Cellulose-Derived Carbon by Microeukaryotes in Oxic and Anoxic Slurries of an Aerated Soil

ABSTRACT Soil microeukaryotes may trophically benefit from plant biopolymers. However, carbon transfer from cellulose into soil microeukaryotes has not been demonstrated so far. Microeukaryotes assimilating cellulose-derived carbon in oxic and anoxic soil slurries were therefore examined by rRNA-based stable-isotope probing. Bacteriovorous flagellates and ciliates and, likely, mixotrophic algae and saprotrophic fungi incorporated carbon from supplemental [U-13C]cellulose under oxic conditions. A previous study using the same soil suggested that cellulolytic Bacteria assimilated 13C of supplemental cellulose. Thus, it can be assumed that ciliates, cercozoa, and chrysophytes assimilated carbon by grazing upon and utilizing metabolic products of Bacteria that hydrolyzed cellulose in the soil slurries.
A Radboud Faces Database como ferramenta para o estudo do reconhecimento de emoções: uma investigação em Portugal

1Laboratório de Reabilitação Psicossocial, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto (ESTSP-IPP); 2Laboratório de Neuropsicofisiologia, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação (FPCEUP); 3Área Técnico-Científica de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto (ESTSP-IPP); 4Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Católica Portuguesa (ICS-UCP); 5Departamento de Neurociências Clínicas e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto (FMUP)
Rosetta in CASP4: Progress in ab initio protein structure prediction

Rosetta ab initio protein structure predictions in CASP4 were considerably more consistent and more accurate than previous ab initio structure predictions. Large segments were correctly predicted (>50 residues superimposed within an RMSD of 6.5 Å) for 16 of the 21 domains under 300 residues for which models were submitted. Models with the global fold largely correct were produced for several targets with new folds, and for several difficult fold recognition targets, the Rosetta models were more accurate than those produced with traditional fold recognition models. These promising results suggest that Rosetta may soon be able to contribute to the interpretation of genome sequence information. Proteins 2001;Suppl 5:119–126. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Congestion driven quadratic placement

This paper introduces and demonstrates an extension to quadratic placement that accounts for wiring congestion. The algorithm uses an A* router and line-probe heuristics on region-based routing graphs to compute routing cost. The interplay between routing analysis and quadratic placement using growth matrix permits global treatment of congestion. Further reduction in congestion is obtained by the relaxation of pin constraints. Experiments show improvements in wireability.
Impact of referral letters on scheduling of hospital appointments: a randomised control trial.

BACKGROUND Communication is essential for triage, but intervention trials to improve it are scarce. Referral Writer (RW), a referral letter software program, enables documentation of clinical data and extracts relevant patient details from clinical software. AIM To evaluate whether specialists are more confident about scheduling appointments when they receive more information in referral letters. DESIGN AND SETTING Single-blind, parallel-groups, controlled design with a 1:1 randomisation. Australian GPs watched video vignettes virtually. METHOD GPs wrote referral letters after watching vignettes of patients with cancer symptoms. Letter content was scored against a benchmark. The proportions of referral letters triagable by a specialist with confidence, and in which the specialist was confident the patient had potentially life-limiting pathology were determined. Categorical outcomes were tested with χ(2) and continuous outcomes with t-tests. A random-effects logistic model assessed the influence of group randomisation (RW versus control), GP demographics, clinical specialty, and specialist referral assessor on specialist confidence in the information provided. RESULTS The intervention (RW) group referred more patients and scored significantly higher on information relayed (mean difference 21.6 [95% confidence intervals {CI} = 20.1 to 23.2]). There was no difference in the proportion of letters for which specialists were confident they had sufficient information for appointment scheduling (RW 77.7% versus control 80.6%, P = 0.16). In the logistic model, limited agreement among specialists contributed substantially to the observed differences in appointment scheduling (P = 35% [95% CI 16% to 59%]). CONCLUSION In isolation, referral letter templates are unlikely to improve the scheduling of specialist appointments, even when more information is relayed.
Divorce : where next?

Divorce - contemporary problems and future prospects, Michael Freeman contemporary divorce and changing family patterns, Colin Gibson divorce reform in England - humbug and hypocrisy, or a smooth transition? , Stephen Cretney norms and negotiation in mediation and divorce, Christine Piper property and money matters, Ruth Deech right to divorce and pension rights, Judith Masson divorce and ethnic minorities, Rhona Schuz can children divorce their parents? , Michael Freeman feminism, gender and the consequences of divorce, June Carbone.
Rapid Prion Neuroinvasion following Tongue Infection

ABSTRACT Food-borne transmission of prions can lead to infection of the gastrointestinal tract and neuroinvasion via the splanchnic and vagus nerves. Here we report that the transmission of transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) is 100,000-fold more efficient by inoculation of prions into the tongues of hamsters than by oral ingestion. The incubation period following TME agent (hereinafter referred to as TME) inoculation into the lingual muscles was the shortest among the five nonneuronal routes of inoculation, including another intramuscular route. Deposition of the abnormal isoform of the prion protein, PrPSc, was first detected in the tongue and submandibular lymph node at 1 to 2 weeks following inoculation of the tongue with TME. PrPSc deposits in the tongue were associated with individual axons, and the initial appearance of TME in the brain stem was found in the hypoglossal nucleus at 2 weeks postinfection. At later time points, PrPSc was localized to brain cell groups that directly project to the hypoglossal nucleus, indicating the transneuronal spread of TME. TME PrPSc entry into the brain stem preceded PrPSc detection in the rostral cervical spinal cord. These results demonstrate that TME can replicate in both the tongue and regional lymph nodes but indicate that the faster route of brain invasion is via retrograde axonal transport within the hypoglossal nerve to the hypoglossal nucleus. Topical application of TME to a superficial wound on the surface of the tongue resulted in a higher incidence of disease and a shorter incubation period than with oral TME ingestion. Therefore, abrasions of the tongue in livestock and humans may predispose a host to oral prion infection of the tongue-associated cranial nerves. In a related study, PrPSc was detected in tongues following the intracerebral inoculation of six hamster-adapted prion strains, which demonstrates that prions can also travel from the brain to the tongue in the anterograde direction along the tongue-associated cranial nerves. These findings suggest that food products containing ruminant or cervid tongue may be a potential source of prion infection for humans.
Dissemination Patterns and Associated Network Effects of Sentiments in Social Networks

Communication in online social networks has been analyzed for some time regarding the expression of sentiments. So far, very little is known about the relationship between sentiments and network emergence, dissemination patterns and possible differences between positive and negative sentiments. The dissemination patterns analyzed in this study consist of network motifs based on triples of actors and the ties among them. These motifs are associated with common social network effects to derive meaningful insights about dissemination activities. The data basis includes several thousand social networks with textual messages classified according to embedded positive and negative sentiments. Based on this data, sub-networks are extracted and analyzed with a dynamic network motif analysis to determine dissemination patterns and associated network effects. Results indicate that the emergence of digital social networks exhibits a strong tendency towards reciprocity, followed by the dominance of hierarchy as an intermediate step leading to social clustering with hubs and transitivity effects for both positive and negative sentiments to the same extend. Sentiments embedded in exchanged textual messages do only play a secondary role in network emergence and do not express differences regarding the emergence of network patterns.
3D Finite Element Analysis for Mechanics of Soil-Tool Interaction

This paper is part of a study to develop robots for farming. As such power requirement to operate equipment attach to such robots become an important factor. Soil-tool interaction plays major role in power consumption, thus predicting accurately the forces which act on the blade during the farming is very important for optimal designing of farm equipment. In this paper, a finite element investigation for tillage tools and soil interaction is described by using an inelastic constitutive material law for agriculture application. A 3-dimensional (3D) nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) is developed to examine behavior of a blade with different rake angles moving in a block of soil, and to estimate the blade force. The soil model considered is an elastic-plastic with non-associated Drucker-Prager material model. Special use of contact elements are employed to consider connection between soil-blade and soil-soil surfaces. The FEA results are compared with experimental ones, which show good agreement in accurately predicting draft forces developed on the blade when it moves through the soil. Also a very good correlation was obtained between FEA results and analytical results from classical soil mechanics theories for straight blades. These comparisons verified the FEA model developed. For analyzing complicated soil-tool interactions and for optimum design of blades, this method will be useful. Keywords—Finite element analysis, soil-blade contact modeling, blade force.
Complex two-component signaling regulates the general stress response in Alphaproteobacteria

Significance Bacteria possess many regulatory systems to monitor their environment and adapt their physiology accordingly. Whereas most systems sense one specific signal, the general stress response (GSR) is activated by many signals and protects cells against a wide range of adverse conditions. In Alphaproteobacteria, the GSR is controlled by the response regulator PhyR, but little is known about the upstream pathways. Here, we establish the GSR as a complex regulatory network composed of a particular family of partially redundant sensor kinases and of additional response regulators that modulate PhyR activity in Sphingomonas melonis. Given the broad conservation of this kinase family, it is possible that it plays a general role in the GSR in Alphaproteobacteria. The general stress response (GSR) in Alphaproteobacteria was recently shown to be controlled by a partner-switching mechanism that is triggered by phosphorylation of the response regulator PhyR. Activation of PhyR ultimately results in release of the alternative extracytoplasmic function sigma factor σEcfG, which redirects transcription toward the GSR. Little is known about the signal transduction pathway(s) controlling PhyR phosphorylation. Here, we identified the single-domain response regulator (SDRR) SdrG and seven histidine kinases, PakA to PakG, belonging to the HWE/HisKA2 family as positive modulators of the GSR in Sphingomonas melonis Fr1. Phenotypic analyses, epistasis experiments, and in vitro phosphorylation assays indicate that Paks directly phosphorylate PhyR and SdrG, and that SdrG acts upstream of or in concert with PhyR, modulating its activity in a nonlinear pathway. Furthermore, we found that additional SDRRs negatively affect the GSR in a way that strictly requires PhyR and SdrG. Finally, analysis of GSR activation by thermal, osmotic, and oxidative stress indicates that Paks display different degrees of redundancy and that a specific kinase can sense multiple stresses, suggesting that the GSR senses a particular condition as a combination of, rather than individual, molecular cues. This study thus establishes the alphaproteobacterial GSR as a complex and interlinked network of two-component systems, in which multiple histidine kinases converge to PhyR, the phosphorylation of which is, in addition, subject to regulation by several SDRRs. Our finding that most HWE/HisKA2 kinases contribute to the GSR in S. melonis Fr1 opens the possibility that this notion might also be true for other Alphaproteobacteria.
A 0.25 $\mu$ m InP DHBT 200 GHz+ Static Frequency Divider

Static frequency dividers are widely used technology performance benchmark circuits. Using a 0.25 μm 530 GHz fT /600 GHz+ fmax InP DHBT process, a static frequency divider circuit has been designed, fabricated, and measured to operate up to 200.6 GHz. The divide-by-two core flip-flop dissipates 228 mW. Techniques used for the divider design optimization and for selecting variants to maximize performance across process changes are also discussed.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain in Children and Adolescents

Part I: Introduction to cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain in children and adolescents 1. The problem of chronic pain in children and adolescents 2. A brief history: development of CBT in pediatric pain management 3. The evidence base for cognitive-behavioral therapy for pediatric chronic pain Part II: Assessment, education, and treatment planning 4. Assessment and evaluation 5. Education and treatment planning Part III: Interventions 6. Relaxation, imagery, and biofeedback training 7. Parental intervention strategies 8. Cognitive skills training 9. School interventions 10. Sleep interventions 11. Lifestyle and physical activity interventions 12. Conclusions and future directions Appendices 1. Pain diary 2. Educational resources for parents 3. Basic abdominal breathing instructions. 4. Progressive muscle relaxation script for younger children (under 10 years) 5. Progressive muscle relaxation script for older children (ages 10 and above) 6. Pleasant place imagery 7. Muscle relaxation with imagery script 8. Relaxation practice tips 9. Relaxation practice log and diary 10. Parent management guidelines 11. Point system contract and tracking calendar 12. Privilege system contract 13. Tips for parents to establish an effective reward system 14. Tips for establishing good communication habits 15. Positive coping self statements worksheet 16. Thought record 17. Thought-stopping instructions 18. Thought continuum exercise 19. School letter sample 20. Sleep diary 21. Tips for improving your sleep 22. Stimulus control instructions 23. Instructions for activity pacing 24. Pleasant activities chart References Index
Bias, Variance , And Arcing Classifiers

Recent work has shown that combining multiple versions of unstable classifiers such as trees or neural nets results in reduced test set error. To study this, the concepts of bias and variance of a classifier are defined. Unstable classifiers can have universally low bias. Their problem is high variance. Combining multiple versions is a variance reducing device. One of the most effective is bagging (Breiman [1996a]) Here, modified training sets are formed by resampling from the original training set, classifiers constructed using these training sets and then combined by voting. Freund and Schapire [1995,1996] propose an algorithm the basis of which is to adaptively resample and combine (hence the acronym-arcing) so that the weights in the resampling are increased for those cases most often missclassified and the combining is done by weighted voting. Arcing is more sucessful than bagging in variance reduction. We explore two arcing algorithms, compare them to each other and to bagging, and try to understand how arcing works.
The start of chemotherapy until the end of radiotherapy in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer

Background/Aims Chemotherapy combined with radiation therapy is the standard treatment for limited stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). Although numerous studies indicate that the overall duration of chemoradiotherapy is the most relevant predictor of outcome, the optimal chemotherapy and radiation schedule for LS-SCLC remains controversial. Therefore we analyzed the time from the start of any treatment until the end of radiotherapy (SER) in patients with LS-SCLC. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 29 patients diagnosed histologically with LS-SCLC and divided them into two groups: a short SER group (< 60 days) and a long SER (> 60 days) group. Patients were treated with irinotecan-based chemotherapy and thoracic radiotherapy. Results Sixteen patients were in the short SER group and 13 patients were in the long SER group. Short SER significantly prolonged survival rate (p = 0.03) compared with that of long SER. However, no significant differences in side effects were observed. Conclusions Short SER should be considered to improve the outcome of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for LS-SCLC.