Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compressed Sensing Detector for Wideband Radar Using the Dominant Scatterer

Wideband radars transmit wideband linear frequency modulated (FM) pulses to achieve the high range resolution. The scenario that the echo is down-converted by a mixer with a reference signal that is a replica of the transmitted pulse is assumed in this letter. Here, the complex sinusoidal signal basis (CSSB) is introduced to sparely represent the received echo. Then the compressed sensing (CS) radar receiver is designed to reduce the sampling rate; hence, the high resolution range profile (HRRP) can be acquired from low dimensional CS measurements via L1 norm-minimization. Using the statistical characteristic and the dominant scatterer, a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector is proposed to detect the range spread target in the complex Gaussian noise. In the new detector, the cross quasi-ambiguity function (CQAF) is selected to acquire the target feature to distinguish the range spread target from the Gaussian noise, thus constructing a close connection between the sparse basis and the target detection. Finally the proposed method is evaluated by the raw data.
A new move towards updating pheromone trail in order to gain increased predictive accuracy in classification rule mining by implementing ACO algorithm

Ant miner algorithm is used to find the classification rule which helps to do classification of the data. Ant miner uses the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) which deals with artificial systems that is inspired from the foraging behavior of real ants. Here the task is to improve the pheromone update method in the current system. Pheromone updating is dependent mainly on the initial pheromone of the term, and term Q (quality of term) which is added to current accumulated pheromone. In this methods a try is made to lay pheromone on trail such that selection of terms is not biased and unified behavior for the system as a whole, produce a robust system capable of finding high-quality solutions for problems. Here in this approach amount of pheromone added with the used term is not directly dependent on accumulated pheromone but also on the Q( quality of rule). So here in Q is modified and multiplied in a way that help to get better solution. For this use of rule length is done and manipulated in a way that support approach to achieve goal. Thus, aim is to improve the accuracy and sustaining rule list simplicity using Ant Colony Optimization in data mining.
Observing conversational expressiveness of elderly users interacting with a robot and screen agent

While expressiveness in human communication is a natural and widely observed phenomenon, in studies of humans interacting with robots and screen agents it is relatively unexplored. If it occurs however, this could mean that the artificial personality is accepted as a conversation partner by the user. An experiment with a robot and a screen agent in an eldercare institution both in a more and less expressive condition shows that it occurs: participants showed indeed more expressiveness with a more expressive robot or agent. The effect seemed to be stronger for the robot. Although the robot differed in more ways from the agent, this could be an indication of agent embodiment being a moderating factor.
Introduction to the Practice of Telemedicine

Telemedicine is the delivery of health care and the exchange of health-care information across distances. It is not a technology or a separate or new branch of medicine. Telemedicine episodes may be classified on the basis of: (1) the interaction between the client and the expert (i.e. realtime or prerecorded), and (2) the type of information being transmitted (e.g. text, audio, video). Much of the telemedicine which is now practised is performed in industrialized countries, such as the USA, but there is increasing interest in the use of telemedicine in developing countries. There are basically two conditions under which telemedicine should be considered: (1) when there is no alternative (e.g. in emergencies in remote environments), and (2) when it is better than existing conventional services (e.g. teleradiology for rural hospitals). For example, telemedicine can be expected to improve equity of access to health care, the quality of that care, and the efficiency by which it is delivered. Research in telemedicine increased steadily in the late 1990s, although the quality of the research could be improved – there have been few randomized controlled trials to date.
IRRECONCILABLE DIFFERENCES OR THE BEST OF TWO WORLDS: ANALYSING THE SIMILARITIES AND THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC PROCUREMENT RULES AND PRACTICES

As a result of harmonizing legal regulations in relation to the accession of Hungary to the European Union May 1, 2004, certain private companies operating in the energy and utility sectors fell under the scope of the Public Procurement Directives and corresponding national Act. A qualitative research study was initiated to compare the decision making processes of private organizations before and after the regulatory changes and to observe how public procurement requirements would affect supplier relationships. The restricted set of selection and evaluation tools allowed by the Act has resulted in ruthless supplier behaviour and led to tactics not used on the commercial side. It seems that the strategic nature of those relationships may dynamically change from relational to transactional depending on the means available to the purchaser to make contract choices.
K+ channelepsy: progress in the neurobiology of potassium channels and epilepsy

K+ channels are important determinants of seizure susceptibility. These membrane proteins, encoded by more than 70 genes, make the largest group of ion channels that fine-tune the electrical activity of neuronal and non-neuronal cells in the brain. Their ubiquity and extremely high genetic and functional diversity, unmatched by any other ion channel type, place K+ channels as primary targets of genetic variations or perturbations in K+-dependent homeostasis, even in the absence of a primary channel defect. It is therefore not surprising that numerous inherited or acquired K+ channels dysfunctions have been associated with several neurologic syndromes, including epilepsy, which often generate confusion in the classification of the associated diseases. Therefore, we propose to name the K+ channels defects underlying distinct epilepsies as “K+ channelepsies,” and introduce a new nomenclature (e.g., Kx.y-channelepsy), following the widely used K+ channel classification, which could be also adopted to easily identify other channelopathies involving Na+ (e.g., Navx.y-phenotype), Ca2+ (e.g., Cavx.y-phenotype), and Cl− channels. Furthermore, we discuss novel genetic defects in K+ channels and associated proteins that underlie distinct epileptic phenotypes in humans, and analyze critically the recent progress in the neurobiology of this disease that has also been provided by investigations on valuable animal models of epilepsy. The abundant and varied lines of evidence discussed here strongly foster assessments for variations in genes encoding for K+ channels and associated proteins in patients with idiopathic epilepsy, provide new avenues for future investigations, and highlight these proteins as critical pharmacological targets.
The Curse and Blessing of Training the Unemployed in a Changing Economy: The Case of East Germany After Unification

Abstract We analyse the effects of government-sponsored training for the unemployed conducted during East German transition. For the microeconometric analysis, we use a new, large and informative administrative database that allows us to use matching methods to address potential selection bias, to study different types of programmes and to observe labour market outcomes over eight years. We find strong evidence that, on average, the training programmes under investigation increase long-term employment prospects and earnings. However, as an important exception, the longer training programmes are not helpful for their male participants. At least part of the explanation for this negative result is that caseworkers severely misjudged the structure of the future demand for skills.
University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics the Temporal Indeterminacy of Nasal Gestures in Karitiana the Temporal Indeterminacy of Nasal Gestures in Karitiana the Temporal Indeterminacy of Nasal Gestures in Karitiâna

In Karitiana, word-medial nasals occurring between oral vowels may surface as circum-oralized, post-oralized, or completely oralized consonants. For example, the word for 'thing' may surface as [ki. 'dnda], [ki~. 'nda], or [ki. 'da]. Interestingly, this surface variation of Karitiana nasals is due to the temporal indeterminacy of nasal gestures in the language, i.e. the duration of velic aperture varies significantly across tokens. This sort of temporal indeterminacy has not been documented for any language in the literature, and similar surface variation of nasal forms in other languages has been shown to result from asynchrony between velic oscillation and oral occlusion. The author provides acoustic data that illustrate clearly the temporal indeterminacy in question. These data were recently recorded and analyzed in the field, and demonstrate conclusively that velic aperture duration is far from constant in the language. This fact contravenes expectations based on the literature, and it remains to be seen if and how it will be handled by contemporary phonological models.
The Lê numbers of the square of a function and their applications

Lê numbers were introduced by Massey with the purpose of numerically controlling the topological properties of families of non‐isolated hypersurface singularities and describing the topology associated with a function with non‐isolated singularities. They are a generalization of the Milnor number for isolated hypersurface singularities. In this note the authors investigate the composite of an arbitrary square‐free f and z2. They get a formula for the Lê numbers of the composite, and consider two applications of these numbers. The first application is concerned with the extent to which the Lê numbers are invariant in a family of functions which satisfy some equisingularity condition, the second is a quick proof of a new formula for the Euler obstruction of a hypersurface singularity. Several examples are computed using this formula including any X defined by a function which only has transverse D(q, p) singularities off the origin.
Decreased Uncorrected Vision After a Period of Distance Fixation with Spectacle Wear

Myopes of low degree commonly report that their vision seems poorer upon removal of their spectacles compared to that after a period without spectacle wear. Notably, this difference in vision can be appreciated after distance fixation. In this paper, we propose and test several alternative hypotheses to explain the phenomenon: an accommodative response to spectacles, sensory adaptation, or altered criteria for blur of psychological origin. We measured visual acuity (VA), refractive error, and lens thickness on 10 subjects with less than 2.00 D of myopia. Testing was performed after two 90-min sessions viewing at distance. At one session, the subjects wore their current spectacle correction and, at the other session, no correction was worn. VA underwent a slight but significant decrease (0.4 of a line) after the session in which spectacles were worn, but no difference in refractive error or lens thickness was found. The change in acuity in the absence of a refractive shift suggests sensory adaptation to blur. However, the demonstrated change in VA appears to be less than that which is subjectively reported; accordingly, psychological input cannot be ruled out.
DBMS workload control using throttling: experimental insights

Today's database management systems (DBMSs) are required to handle diverse, mixed workloads and to provide differentiated levels of service to ensure that critical work takes priority. In order to meet these needs, it is necessary for a DBMS to have control over the workload executing in the system. Lower priority workloads should be limited to allow higher priority workloads to complete in a timely fashion. In this paper we examine query throttling techniques as a method of workload control. In our approach, a workload class may be slowed down during execution in order to release system resources that can be used by higher priority workloads. We examine two methods of throttling; constant throttling throughout query execution, and a single interruption in which a query is paused for a period of time. A set of experiments using Postresql 8.1 provides insights regarding the performance of these different throttling techniques under different workload conditions and how they compare to using operating system process priority control as a throttling mechanism.
Organizational Learning and Innovation Performance: A Review of the Literature and the Development of a Conceptual Framework and Research Hypotheses.

The purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework and research hypotheses based upon a thorough review of the conceptual and limited published empirical research in the organizational learning and innovation performance literatures. Hypotheses indicate the relationships between organizational learning, its antecedent, perception of the environment, and the outcome variable, innovation performance, at two levels, including individual and organizational-level innovation performance. Implications for testing these hypotheses are articulated from research and practice perspectives.
Is Telling the Truth a New Index for Deception? : An Electrophysiological Approach

Deception detection studies have become a trending topic over the past 34 years. Lie detection seems to have moral, ethical, methodological, clinical, and legal implications. Although researchers have studied the P300 (P3) Event-Related Potential (ERP) component towards an understanding of the phenomenon extensively, deception remains a well-hidden cognitive process. The basic set-up of most of the deception detection studies contains a mock-crime scenario and the use of a Concealed Information Test (CIT). The same design requires a deceptive response from the participants. Towards this direction, the present study employed a fundamental research question via examining if meaningful stimuli can modulate the P300 component compared to target & irrelevant stimuli in guilty participants. The aim of the present study was: a) to check if a non-deceptive design could produce similar results to previous ERP-based deception detection studies, and b) to raise interest concerning the set-up of the experimental design of previous applications. In line with the literature, and with no deceptive behavior, P3 results revealed similar patterns and statistical significance. The unexpected findings of Early Posterior Negativity (EPN) and P100 (P1) provide a new index to be further explored in future deception detection studies. While the present results should not be taken as a new index for deception, they appoint a new path against the phenomenon. Future research suggestions are also addressed.
FRAME SEMANTICS

FRAME SEMANTICS is a research program in empirical semantics which emphasizes the continuities between language and experience, and provides a framework for presenting the results of that research. A FRAME is any system of concepts related in such a way that to understand any one concept it is necessary to understand the entire system; introducing any one concept results in all of them becoming available. In Frame Semantics, a word represents a category of experience; part of the research endeavor is the uncovering of reasons a speech community has for creating the category represented by the word and including that reason in the description of the meaning of the word.
An adaptive thresholding algorithm for the augmented reality toolkit

It is well known that fixed global thresholds have adverse effects on the reliability of marker-based optical trackers under non-uniform lighting conditions. Mobile augmented reality applications, by their very nature, demand a certain level of robustness against varying external illumination from visual tracking algorithms. Currently, ARToolKit depends on fixed-threshold image-binarization in order to detect candidate fiducials for further processing. In an effort to minimize tracking failure due to uniform shadows and reflections on a marker surface, we propose a fast algorithm for selecting adaptive threshold values, based on the arithmetic mean of pixel intensities over a region-of-interest around candidate fiducials.
J an 2 00 6 A convex combination of product states for the separable Werner state

In this paper, we write down the separable Werner state in a two-qubit system as a convex combination of product states explicitly. The Werner state in a two-qubit system has a single real parameter and varies from inseparable state to separable state according to the value of its parameter. The convex combination of product states gives a hidden variable model to the separable Werner state.
Wireless in-situ Sensor Network for Agriculture and Water Monitoring on a River Basin Scale in Southern Finland: Evaluation from a Data User’s Perspective

Sensor networks are increasingly being implemented for environmental monitoring and agriculture to provide spatially accurate and continuous environmental information and (near) real-time applications. These networks provide a large amount of data which poses challenges for ensuring data quality and extracting relevant information. In the present paper we describe a river basin scale wireless sensor network for agriculture and water monitoring. The network, called SoilWeather, is unique and the first of this type in Finland. The performance of the network is assessed from the user and maintainer perspectives, concentrating on data quality, network maintenance and applications. The results showed that the SoilWeather network has been functioning in a relatively reliable way, but also that the maintenance and data quality assurance by automatic algorithms and calibration samples requires a lot of effort, especially in continuous water monitoring over large areas. We see great benefits on sensor networks enabling continuous, real-time monitoring, while data quality control and maintenance efforts highlight the need for tight collaboration between sensor and sensor network owners to decrease costs and increase the quality of the sensor data in large scale applications.
Signalling via CD70, a member of the TNF family, regulates T cell functions

In the present work, we provide data supporting that CD70, a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐related molecule, defined as the CD27 ligand (CD27L), may actively regulate T cell functions similarly to other members of the TNF family (i.e., CD40L and CD30L). Cross‐linking CD70 with specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) stimulated cytotoxicity and cytokine production in human T cell clones. Detection of intracellular‐free calcium mobilization and mitogen‐activated protein kinase phosphorylation upon mAb engagement of CD70 further supported an active signaling role for the TNF‐related molecule. Similar results were obtained in the Jurkat leukaemia T cell line stably transfected with CD70; in that system, induction of Akt phosphorylation was detected, indirectly revealing the involvement of the phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase pathway. Stimulation of CD70+ Jurkat cells, with a CD70‐specific mAb or with COS‐7 cells transiently transfected with CD27, induced transcriptional activity detectable by different reporter gene expression systems. Altogether, our data point out that a reciprocal communication may be established between CD27+ and CD70+ cells during the immune response.
Major complications of airway management in the UK: results of the Fourth National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists and the Difficult Airway Society. Part 2: intensive care and emergency departments.

BACKGROUND The Fourth National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists and Difficult Airway Society (NAP4) was designed to identify and study serious airway complications occurring during anaesthesia, in intensive care unit (ICU) and the emergency department (ED). METHODS Reports of major complications of airway management (death, brain damage, emergency surgical airway, unanticipated ICU admission, prolonged ICU stay) were collected from all National Health Service hospitals over a period of 1 yr. An expert panel reviewed inclusion criteria, outcome, and airway management. RESULTS A total of 184 events met inclusion criteria: 36 in ICU and 15 in the ED. In ICU, 61% of events led to death or persistent neurological injury, and 31% in the ED. Airway events in ICU and the ED were more likely than those during anaesthesia to occur out-of-hours, be managed by doctors with less anaesthetic experience and lead to permanent harm. Failure to use capnography contributed to 74% of cases of death or persistent neurological injury. CONCLUSIONS At least one in four major airway events in a hospital are likely to occur in ICU or the ED. The outcome of these events is particularly adverse. Analysis of the cases has identified repeated gaps in care that include: poor identification of at-risk patients, poor or incomplete planning, inadequate provision of skilled staff and equipment to manage these events successfully, delayed recognition of events, and failed rescue due to lack of or failure of interpretation of capnography. The project findings suggest avoidable deaths due to airway complications occur in ICU and the ED.
Rejection after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation.

BACKGROUND Simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation is an accepted therapy for type 1 diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease. This study analyses the occurrence of rejection episodes in patients undergoing SPK. METHODS The study population was obtained from 205 patients enrolled in the Euro-SPK 001 study and randomized to receive tacrolimus- (n = 103) or cyclosporin microemulsion (ME)-based (n = 102) immunosuppressive therapy. All patients received concomitant antibody induction therapy, mycophenolate mofetil and short-term corticosteroids. RESULTS After 3 years of follow-up, rejection episodes occurred in 41 patients receiving tacrolimus and in 51 patients receiving cyclosporin-ME. The majority of first rejection episodes in both groups occurred during the first 6 months (93 and 90%, respectively) and in most cases were treated with corticosteroids alone (88 vs 90%). Actuarial rejection-free kidney and/or pancreas graft survival was similar for tacrolimus (54%) and cyclosporin-ME (44%). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) compatibility (P = 0.003) and graft vessel extension (P = 0.000001) had a significant influence on rejection-free graft survival. Also, rejection influenced pancreas graft survival (P = 0.01), and pancreas graft loss due to rejection influenced patient survival (P = 0.02). In the intent-to-treat analysis of early rejection, significantly fewer tacrolimus- than cyclosporin-ME-treated patients had (i) more than one rejection episode (11 out of 40 vs 24 out of 47; P = 0.03); (ii) first moderate to severe rejection (one out of 40 vs 12 out of 47; P = 0.004); and (iii) refractory rejection (two out of 40 vs 10 out of 47; P = 0.03). Pancreas survival was lower in late rejectors (53%) than non-rejectors (86%; P = 0.002). Also, serum creatinine was highest in late rejectors. CONCLUSION Tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive therapy demonstrates significant advantages over cyclosporin-ME in terms of the severity of acute rejection in SPK transplant patients.