Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trial Intermittent Claudication : A Randomized Controlled With Peripheral Arterial Disease With and Without Treadmill Exercise and Resistance Training in Patients

Supplementary material http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/301/2/165/DC1 Report Video JAMA Correction Contact me if this article is corrected. Citations Contact me when this article is cited. This article has been cited 11 times. Topic collections Contact me when new articles are published in these topic areas. Infarction; Cardiac Diagnostic Tests Controlled Trial; Prognosis/ Outcomes; Cardiovascular Disease/ Myocardial Public Health; Exercise; Cardiovascular System; Quality of Life; Randomized
Prevalence of dyslipidemia in Iranian children and adolescents: A systematic review

Background: Dyslipidemia is considered as an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The link between childhood dyslipidemia and occurrence of atherosclerosis and its sequels in adulthood are well-documented. This study aimed to systematically review the prevalence of dyslipidemia among Iranian children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was conducted on studies published from January 1990 to January 2014. The main international electronic data sources were PubMed and the NLM Gateway (for MEDLINE), Institute of Scientific Information (ISI), and SCOPUS. For Persian databases, we used domestic databases with systematic search capability including IranMedex, Irandoc, and Scientific Information Database (SID). We included all available population-based studies and national surveys conducted in the pediatric age group (aged <21 years). Results: In this review, 1772 articles were identified (PubMed: 1464; Scopus: 11; ISI: 58; SID: 90; IranMedex: 149; Irandoc: 57). During three refine steps and after removing of duplicates, 182 articles related to the study domain were selected. After quality assessment, 46 studies were selected for text appraisal, of which 26 qualified articles were evaluated at the final step. The prevalence range of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were 3-48%, 3-50%, 5-20% and 5-88%, respectively. Low HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia were the most prevalent lipid disorders in this group of population. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is a common health problem among Iranian children and adolescents. Few data were available in preschool children. This finding provides useful information for health policy makers to implement action-oriented interventions for prevention and early control of this important CVD risk factor.
Photosynthesis in Hydrogen-Dominated Atmospheres

The diversity of extrasolar planets discovered in the last decade shows that we should not be constrained to look for life in environments similar to early or present-day Earth. Super-Earth exoplanets are being discovered with increasing frequency, and some will be able to retain a stable, hydrogen-dominated atmosphere. We explore the possibilities for photosynthesis on a rocky planet with a thin H2-dominated atmosphere. If a rocky, H2-dominated planet harbors life, then that life is likely to convert atmospheric carbon into methane. Outgassing may also build an atmosphere in which methane is the principal carbon species. We describe the possible chemical routes for photosynthesis starting from methane and show that less energy and lower energy photons could drive CH4-based photosynthesis as compared with CO2-based photosynthesis. We find that a by-product biosignature gas is likely to be H2, which is not distinct from the hydrogen already present in the environment. Ammonia is a potential biosignature gas of hydrogenic photosynthesis that is unlikely to be generated abiologically. We suggest that the evolution of methane-based photosynthesis is at least as likely as the evolution of anoxygenic photosynthesis on Earth and may support the evolution of complex life.
Tolerance to Optical Feedback of 10-Gb/s Quantum-Dash-Based Lasers Emitting at 1.51 $\mu$m

Tolerance to optical feedback is investigated on quantum-dash-based lasers emitting at 1.51 mum. The onset of coherence collapse regime is experimentally determined using three criteria: optical spectrum broadening, relative intensity noise increase, and bit-error-rate degradation. Measurements were first performed in static operation at different current values, using the first and second criteria. The onset of coherence collapse was found to increase from ~-41 to -27 dB with the bias current. Then tolerance to optical feedback was assessed in dynamic operation at 10 Gb/s, using the third criterion. In spite of a relatively high linewidth enhancement factor , (alphaH ~4.5) a -32-dB onset of coherence collapse corresponding to -24-dB maximum optical return loss tolerance was achieved at 10-Gb/s rate.
Molecular Basis for Recognition of an Arthritic Peptide and a Foreign Epitope on Distinct MHC Molecules by a Single TCR1

KRN TCR transgenic T cells recognize two self-MHC molecules: a foreign peptide, bovine RNase 42–56, on I-Ak and an autoantigen, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 282–294, on I-Ag7. Because the latter recognition event initiates a disease closely resembling human rheumatoid arthritis, we investigated the structural basis of this pathogenic TCR’s dual specificity. While peptide recognition is altered to a minor degree between the MHC molecules, we show that the receptor’s cross-reactivity critically depends upon a TCR contact residue completely conserved in the foreign and self peptides. Further, the altered recognition of peptide derives from discrete differences on the MHC recognition surfaces and not the disparate binding grooves. This work provides a detailed structural comparison of an autoreactive TCR’s interactions with naturally occurring peptides on distinct MHC molecules. The capacity to interact with multiple self-MHCs in this manner increases the number of potentially pathogenic self-interactions available to a T cell.
Role of exogenous proline in ameliorating salt stress at early stage in two rice cultivars

The study evaluated the effect of proline on germination and seedling growth of two Malaysian rice cultivars (MR220 and MR232) under salt stress. The exposure of rice seeds to increasing concentration of NaCl (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mM) had drastically affected germination (%), root and shoot length (mm), chlorophyll content and protein content. It is evident from the result of inhibition in germination rate, reduction in root and shoot length, chlorophyll content and protein content. However, several studies have shown that exogenous application of proline has ameliorated the negative effect of salt stress by regulating cellular osmotic balance. The present study has demonstrated that rice seeds pretreated with proline (1mM, 5mM and 10mM) and grown at different NaCl concentrations counteracted the adverse effect of salt. Pretreatment of proline at a concentration of 1mM was found to be effective and stimulated cellular activities, whereas 10mM proline was ineffective in improving plant growth under high level of salt (300 and 400mM NaCl).
Concepciones y prácticas de los profesores sobre la evaluación de la oralidad

El articulo presenta los resultados finales de la investigacion “Evaluar lo oral para cualificar las practicas de ensenanza-aprendizaje de la lengua materna”, cuyo objetivo central es identificar aspectos comunes con respecto a la evaluacion de la lengua oral, especificamente en lo que se refiere a: ? que se evalua? , ? por que y para que? , ? como se evalua? y ? con que instrumentos? Se trata de una investigacion de caracter interpretativo que permite analizar las concepciones y las practicas de ensenanza y de evaluacion de la lengua oral en instituciones de educacion secundaria ubicadas en Bogota D. C. Los resultados senalan los avances y limitaciones en la formacion de docentes, indican las competencias docentes que requieren cualificacion y, a su vez, aportan herramientas conceptuales y practicas que posibilitan la adecuada recontextualizacion de los avances logrados por las ciencias del lenguaje y la pedagogia.
Characterization of ABT-806, a Humanized Tumor-Specific Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody

Despite clinical efficacy, current approved agents targeting EGFR are associated with on-target toxicities as a consequence of disrupting normal EGFR function. MAb 806 is a novel EGFR antibody that selectively targets a tumor-selective epitope suggesting that a mAb 806-based therapeutic would retain antitumor activity without the on-target toxicities associated with EGFR inhibition. To enable clinical development, a humanized variant of mAb 806 designated ABT-806 was generated and is currently in phase 1 trials. We describe the characterization of binding and functional properties of ABT-806 compared with the clinically validated anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab. ABT-806 binds the mutant EGFRvIII with high affinity and, relative to cetuximab, exhibits increased potency against glioblastoma multiforme cell line and patient-derived xenografts expressing this form of the receptor. ABT-806 also inhibits the growth of squamous cell carcinoma xenograft models expressing high levels of wild-type EGFR, associated with inhibition of EGFR signaling, although higher doses of ABT-806 than cetuximab are required for similar activity. ABT-806 enhances in vivo potency of standard-of-care therapies used to treat glioblastoma multiforme and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. An indium-labeled version of ABT-806, [111In]-ABT-806, used to investigate the relationship between dose and receptor occupancy, revealed greater receptor occupancy at lowers doses in an EGFRvIII-expressing model and significant uptake in an orthotopic model. Collectively, these results suggest that ABT-806 may have antitumor activity superior to cetuximab in EGFRvIII-expressing tumors, and similar activity to cetuximab in tumors highly overexpressing wild-type EGFR with reduced toxicity. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(5); 1141–51. ©2015 AACR.
Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia.

CONTEXT Ground reaction force (GRF) and tibiofemoral force magnitudes and directions have been shown to affect anterior cruciate ligament loading during landing. However, the kinematic and kinetic factors modifying these 2 forces during landing are unknown. OBJECTIVE To clarify the intersegmental kinematic and kinetic links underlying the alteration of the GRF and tibiofemoral force vectors secondary to changes in the sagittal-plane body position during single-legged landing. DESIGN Crossover study. SETTING Laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Twenty recreationally active participants (age = 23.4 ± 3.6 years, height = 171.0 ± 9.4 cm, mass = 73.3 ± 12.7 kg). INTERVENTION(S) Participants performed single-legged landings using 3 landing styles: self-selected landing (SSL), body leaning forward and landing on the toes (LFL), and body upright with flat-footed landing (URL). Three-dimensional kinetics and kinematics were recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Sagittal-plane tibial inclination and knee-flexion angles, GRF magnitude and inclination angles relative to the tibia, and proximal tibial forces at peak tibial axial forces. RESULTS The URL resulted in less time to peak tibial axial forces, smaller knee-flexion angles, and greater magnitude and a more anteriorly inclined GRF vector relative to the tibia than did the SSL. These changes led to the greatest peak tibial axial and anterior shear forces in the URL among the 3 landing styles. Conversely, the LFL resulted in longer time to peak tibial axial forces, greater knee-flexion angles, and reduced magnitude and a more posteriorly inclined GRF vector relative to the tibia than the SSL. These changes in LFL resulted in the lowest peak tibial axial and largest posterior shear forces among the 3 landing styles. CONCLUSIONS Sagittal-plane intersegmental kinematic and kinetic links strongly affected the magnitude and direction of GRF and tibiofemoral forces during the impact phase of single-legged landing. Therefore, improving sagittal-plane landing mechanics is important in reducing harmful magnitudes and directions of impact forces on the anterior cruciate ligament.
Architecture, Implementation, and Experiments of Programmable Network Using OpenFlow

We propose a flexible and scalable architecture for a network controller platform used for OpenFlow. The OpenFlow technology was proposed as a means for researchers, network service creators, and others to easily design, test, and virtually deploy their innovative ideas in a large network infrastructure, which will accelerate research activities on Future Internet architectures. The technology enables the independent evolution of the network control plane and the data plane. Rather than having programmability within each network node, the separated OpenFlow controller provides network control through pluggable software. Our proposed network controller architecture will enable researchers to use their own software to control their own virtual networks. Flexibility and scalability were achieved by designing the network controller as a modularized and distributed system on a cluster of servers. Testing showed that a group of servers can efficiently cooperate to serve as a scalable OpenFlow controller. Testing using the nationwide JGN2plus network demonstrated that high-definition video can be delivered through OpenFlow-based point-to-point and point-to-multipoint paths.
Espacio privado y espacio público en la era posmoderna

En el momento en que los jóvenes hacen estallar revueltas en las periferias, cuando la integración social cede el paso a la dualización de la sociedad y a las bandas de carácter étnico y los medios de comunicación agitan nuevamente el espectro de las "clases peligrosas", nada sería más inexacto que analizar la crisis social urbana contemporánea en los términos del siglo XIX. Cualquiera que sea la especificidad de los problemas de los jóvenes desempleados, desheredados, excluidos por su color o condición, ellos forman parte de una sociedad global radicalmente nueva, con nuevos valores y aspiraciones. Por una parte, las sublevaciones de que somos testigos retoman una lógica clásica de confrontación entre dominados y dominadores, de revuelta contra la exclusión, contra la segregación social y cultural. Pero, por otra, ilustran, a su modo, bajo una forma violenta, el movimiento de fondo que caracteriza las democracias contemporáneas, a saber: el advenimiento de una nueva cultura individualista. Son los ejes básicos de esta mutación histórica dentro del ciclo del individualismo moderno lo que quisiera brevemente analizar. Esa mutación es lo único que permite dar cuenta del estallamiento de nuestros referentes sociales y culturales, de la especificidad posmoderna de la "crisis de la ciudad" y de la juventud marginada o integrada.
Face-to-face: Perceived personal relevance amplifies face processing

Abstract The human face conveys emotional and social information, but it is not well understood how these two aspects influence face perception. In order to model a group situation, two faces displaying happy, neutral or angry expressions were presented. Importantly, faces were either facing the observer, or they were presented in profile view directed towards, or looking away from each other. In Experiment 1 (n = 64), face pairs were rated regarding perceived relevance, wish-to-interact, and displayed interactivity, as well as valence and arousal. All variables revealed main effects of facial expression (emotional > neutral), face orientation (facing observer > towards > away) and interactions showed that evaluation of emotional faces strongly varies with their orientation. Experiment 2 (n = 33) examined the temporal dynamics of perceptual-attentional processing of these face constellations with event-related potentials. Processing of emotional and neutral faces differed significantly in N170 amplitudes, early posterior negativity (EPN), and sustained positive potentials. Importantly, selective emotional face processing varied as a function of face orientation, indicating early emotion-specific (N170, EPN) and late threat-specific effects (LPP, sustained positivity). Taken together, perceived personal relevance to the observer—conveyed by facial expression and face direction—amplifies emotional face processing within triadic group situations.
Preserving order in a forest in less than logarithmic time

We present a data structure, based upon a stratified binary tree, which enables us to manipulate on-line a priority queue whose priorities are selected from the interval 1.n, with an average and worst case processing time of O(log log n) per instruction. The structure is used to obtain a mergeable heap whose time requirements are about as good.
Processing Intrusion Detection Alerts in Large-scale Network

Intrusion detection system will produce large numbers of alerts, most of which are fasle positives. This paper wants to associate multiple intrusion detection systems in large-scale network to reduce overwhelming false alerts and discover real security events in real time. For processing these alerts, two algrithms named reduce and cluster will be developed in this paper, which can remove false alerts with a remarkable periodicity and can cluster multiple homogeneous alerts into one respectively. Experiment shows that over 90% of raw alerts will be filtered and less than 1% of the quantity will remain for analyst to process thoroughly.
Pitt at TREC 2006: Identifying Experts via Email Discussions

Identifying experts in a certain domain or a subject area has always been a challenge in various settings including commercial, academia, and governmental institutions. Our interests in this year's TREC Enterprise track are to utilize the email communications as the basis for identifying experts and their expertise on certain topics. In this report, we presented a method for identifying experts based on the emails they sent around. We hypothesize that experts would be more active in relevant email threads, would send longer emails, and would participate in the discussion at the very beginning of the threads. An algorithm based on these hypotheses was developed and tested in this year TREC enterprise track experiments to find experts for 49 topics based on documents in the W3C collections. Our initial experiment results produced suboptimal performance. This motivated us to examine the hypotheses more closely in the context of provided ground truth. Interestingly, the analysis on ground truth seems to confirm that all of our hypotheses have their merits in finding experts, so one future important question is how to utilize these rules in a right way.
Complete Genome Sequence of Lysinibacillus sphaericus B1-CDA, a Bacterium That Accumulates Arsenic

ABSTRACT Here, we report the genomic sequence and genetic composition of an arsenic-resistant bacterium, Lysinibacillus sphaericus B1-CDA. Assembly of the sequencing reads revealed that the genome size is ~4.5 Mb, encompassing ~80% of the chromosomal DNA.
Combined grid and feature-based occupancy map building in large outdoor environments

This paper presents an approach to create three-dimensional occupancy maps from an aerial vehicle with stereo vision. The main idea is to create an occupancy grid that moves along with the vehicle and extract features into a fixed global map. Vice versa, global features or a-priori knowledge can be inserted into the grid. The maps are calculated onboard to be used for autonomous behavior like path planning and obstacle avoidance. With the described method, maps are created and updated in real-time, and due to its flexibility, the vehicle is not restricted to a pre-defined area. The developed approach has been demonstrated in flights with a small unmanned helicopter.
Evaluation of microvascular structure in humans: a ‘state-of-the-art’ document of the Working Group on Macrovascular and Microvascular Alterations of the Italian Society of Arterial Hypertension

The evaluation of microvascular structure is, in general, not an easy task. Among the methods that may be applied to humans, plethysmographic evaluation of small arteries and wire or pressure micromyography were extensively used in the last decades. The media-to-lumen ratio of small arteries evaluated by micromyography was demonstrated to possess a strong prognostic significance; however, its extensive evaluation is limited by the local invasiveness of the assessment. Noninvasive approaches were then proposed, including capillaroscopy, which provides information about microvascular rarefaction. Recently, the interest of investigators was focused on the retinal microvascular bed. In particular, a noninvasive measurement of the wall-to-lumen ratio of retinal arterioles using scanning laser Doppler flowmetry has been introduced. Recent data suggest a rather good agreement between this approach and micromyographic measurements, generally considered the gold standard approach. Therefore, the evaluation of microvascular structure is progressively moving from bench to bedside, and it could represent, in the immediate future, an evaluation to be performed in all hypertensive patients, in order to obtain a better stratification of cardiovascular risk.
Bringing Together Human and Robotic Environment Representations - A Pilot Study

Human interaction with a service robot requires a shared representation of the environment for spoken dialogue and task specification where names used for particular locations are depending on personal preferences. A question is how such human oriented models can be tied to the geometric robotic models needed for precise localisation and navigation. We assume that this integration can be based on the information potential users give to a service robot about its working environment. We further believe that this information is best given in an interactive setting (a "guided tour") in this particular environment. This paper presents a pilot study that investigates how humans present a familiar environment to a mobile robot. The study is set up within our concept of human augmented mapping, for which we assume an initial "guided tour" scenario to teach a robot its environment. Results from this pilot study are used to validate a proposed generic environment model for a service robot
Emotional design : why we love (or hate) everyday things

By the author of The Design of Everyday Things , the first book to make the connection between our emotions and how we relate to ordinary objects--from juicers to Jaguars. Did you ever wonder why cheap wine tastes better in fancy glasses? Why sales of Macintosh computers soared when Apple introduced the colorful iMac? New research on emotion and cognition has shown that attractive things really do work better, a fact fans of Don Norman's classic The Design of Everyday Things cannot afford to ignore.In recent years, the design community has focused on making products easier to use. But as Norman amply demonstrates in this fascinating and important new book, design experts have vastly underestimated the role of emotion on our experience of everyday objects. Emotional Design analyzes the profound influence of this deceptively simple idea, from our willingness to spend thousands of dollars on Gucci bags and Rolex watches to the impact of emotion on the everyday objects of tomorrow. In the future, will inanimate objects respond to human emotions? Is it possible to create emotional robots? Norman addresses these provocative questions--drawing on a wealth of examples and the latest scientific insights--in this bold exploration of the objects in our everyday world.