Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of United States (US) and non-US pancreas transplants as reported to the International Pancreas Transplant Registry (IPTR) and to the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS).

As of November 1998, more than 11,000 pancreas transplants had been reported to the IPTR, including more than 8,800 US and more than 2,600 non-US cases. The 1994-98 cases (> 4,500) were analyzed, including more than 4,000 US and more than 500 non-US transplants. For all US 1994-98 SPK transplants (n = 3,409), one-year patient, pancreas and kidney graft survival rates were 94%, 90% and 83%, respectively; for all PAK cases (n = 375), one-year patient and graft survival rates were 95% and 71%; and for all PTA cases (n = 181), one-year patient and graft survival rates were 95% and 64%, respectively. Recipient age had only a small impact on outcome, with one-year patient survival rates for all recipients < 45 years of 95% (n = 3,215) versus 91% for those > or = 45 years old (n = 758) (p = 0.005). Pancreas graft survival rates at one year for those < 45 versus > or = 45 years old were 84% versus 78% in the SPK (p < 0.02), 70% versus 78% in the PAK (p = 0.13), and 62% versus 79% in the PTA (p = 0.23) categories, respectively). Nearly one-third of US pancreas transplants for 1994-98 were done by the ED drainage technique. For SPK transplants, the one-year pancreas graft survival rate was 83% for BD (n = 2,369) and 82% for ED (n = 912) (p < or = 0.09). For PAK and PTA transplants, pancreas graft survival rates were significantly higher with BD, 74% (n = 261) and 68% (n = 115), respectively, at one year. The drawback for BD was the need for conversion to ED in 7% of the cases at one year and 11% at 2 years. For TS transplants, the pancreas graft loss due to rejection was very low for SPK transplants, 2% at one year versus 9% for PAK and 15% for PTA cases. The various initial maintenance immunosuppressive regimens (Tac + MMF, Tac + Aza, CsA + MMF, CsA + Aza) resulted in only minor differences in pancreas graft survival rates in the SPK cases (80-86% at 1 year), but in PAK and PTA cases the Tac + MMF combination was associated with significantly higher pancreas graft survival rates. For BD PAK transplant recipients given Tac + MMF, the one-year pancreas graft survival rate was 83% (n = 100). For the corresponding BD PTA group it was 75% (n = 44). For non-US cases the outcomes were similar. For non-US SPK transplants (n = 586), one-year patient, kidney and pancreas graft survival rates were 93%, 85% and 81%, respectively. Cox multivariate analyses and logistical regression were done in each recipient category to assess the factors that influence pancreas graft loss. BD was associated with a significantly lower risk than ED in all categories. Increasing donor age was a risk factor in most categories. MMF was associated with a decreased risk for graft loss in the SPK category, and Tac in the PAK and PTA categories.
O incumprimento do contrato psicológico: contributo para a adaptação de escalas de violação e ruptura

This study is a contribution to the adjustment of scales for the breach of psychological contract, through the scale of psychological contract violation of Morrinson and Robinson (2000) and the scale of psychological contract rupture of Rousseau (2000). The scale of psychological contract violation consists of five items, a Likert scale of 5 points, from the totally disagree to totally agree, with two of the items that are reversed. The rupture of the psychological contract scale (Rousseau, 2000) consists of four items, also distributed on a scale of five points. The final sample consists of 635 human assets of Portuguese public universities. Confirmatory factor in the solution of the scale of rupture of the psychological contract, the data show a better fit in a structure of two factors. The violation of contract scale has also two factors.
Postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Two hundred five consecutive patients who underwent hepatic resection in 15 years.

Objectives: To report the results of our investigation of the postoperative intrahepatic recurrent rates and the patterns of recurrence and to determine the factors that influenced these patterns of recurrence. Design: Case series. Setting: Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Patients: Between 1977 and 1991, 162 men and 43 women with hepatocellular carcinoma underwent hepatic resection. Results: The surgical mortality rate was 4.4%. Of the 196 patients who were discharged from the hospital, 114 have since died and 20 were not available for follow-up. The overall cumulative recurrent rates for the last 5 years (1987 through 1991) were 59.7%, 65.0%, 76.5%, 77.0%, and 79.7%, respectively. Eighty patients experienced intrahepatic recurrence. Of these, 21 (26.2%) had recurrence near the resected stump, 43 (53.8%) had a single nodular recurrence in the remnant liver, and 16 (20%) had widespread multinodular recurrence. The patients with resected margins of less than 1 cm in diameter had relatively higher recurrence rates than those with resected margins of greater than 1 cm in diameter. All recurrences were noted within 3 years of the resection. The preoperative serum α-fetoprotein levels were directly related to the length of time to recurrence (ie, the higher the serum α-fetoprotein level, the sooner the recurrence). Conclusions: The postoperative intrahepatic remnant rate is very high; 80% by 5 years after resection. The preoperative serum α-fetoprotein level and adequacy of the cut margin significantly influenced the recurrence rate. (Arch Surg. 1994;129:738-742)
Automated Lip Contour Detection Using the Level Set Segmentation Method

This paper describes a fully automated technique of detecting lip contours from static face images. Face detection is performed first on the input image using a variation of the AdaBoost classifier trained with Haar- like features extracted from the face. A second trained classifier is applied over this extracted face region for isolating the mouth section. The detection of lip contour is then performed from this isolated mouth region using the level set method of image segmentation. A new variational formulation of level set method, proposed by Li et al. (CVPR-2005), has been applied here that forces the level set function to be close to a signed distance function and therefore completely eliminates the need of the costly reinitialization procedure. The proposed method has been tested on three different face databases that contain images of both neutral faces as well as facial expressions, and a maximum successful lip contour detection rate of 91.08% has been achieved.
Incidence of Gastrointestinal Bleeding After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Single Center Experience

Background Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a hemorrhagic complication after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The purpose of the study is to determine predictors of GI bleeding and impact of GI bleeding on the patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods GI bleeding occurred in 6 (7.1%) of 84 patients with STEMI/NSETMI (ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction/Non ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Results Univariate analysis demonstrates that patients with GI bleeding had a significantly higher previous GI bleeding (16.66% vs. 8.6%, P < 0.001). Higher Killip classification at presentation was associated with higher incidence of GI bleeding (61% vs. 18%, P < 0.01). The use of proton pump inhibitors did not reduce the risk of GI bleeding. The GI bleeding in these patients was associated with higher mortality and morbidity in the post percutaneous coronary intervention period. Conclusion Although, GI bleeding in patients with MI significantly increases mortality and morbidity, previous GI bleeding and higher Killip class are associated with higher incidence of GI bleeding. High-risk patients for GI bleeding can be identified at presentation.
Trogocytosis and killing of IL‐4‐polarized monocytes by autologous NK cells

Cross‐regulations between innate immune cells have been given more and more emphasis. Here, we address the question of bidirectional interactions between activated monocytes and autologous NK cells. Classically activated monocytes (class‐monocytes), obtained by priming with IFN‐γ, drive an inflammatory immune response. On the contrary, alternatively activated monocytes (alt‐monocytes), obtained by stimulation with IL‐4 or IL‐13, engage an anti‐inflammatory immune response. We show that alt‐monocytes inhibit proliferation and production of IFN‐γ by autologous, IL‐2‐activated NK cells, whereas class‐monocytes do not inhibit these NK cell functions. Reciprocally, IL‐2‐activated NK cells interact and undertake intensive synaptic transfer with alt‐monocytes, whereas interactions with class‐monocytes are weaker. This strong trogocytosis correlates with an efficient killing of alt‐monocytes, mediated by natural cytotoxicity receptors and a lowered killing of class‐monocytes. These results suggest that interactions between NK cells and autologous‐activated monocytes modulate inflammatory responses. This might be extended further in the elimination of tumor‐associated macrophages, which actively promote solid tumor progression and metastasis.
A proof of Ollinger's conjecture: undecidability of tiling the plane with a set of $8$ polyominoes

We give a proof of Ollinger's conjecture that the problem of tiling the plane with translated copies of a set of $8$ polyominoes is undecidable. The techniques employed in our proof include a different orientation for simulating the Wang tiles in polyomino and a new method for encoding the colors of Wang tiles.
Impulsive consensus of uncertain multi-agent systems with control gain error

This paper investigates the consensus of multiagent systems with parameter uncertainty and control gain error. In order to decrease the communication cost, the impulsive consensus protocol is derived to achieve the consensus. Due to the inevitable disturbance, parameter uncertainty and control gain error in multi-agent systems are considered simultaneously. One necessary simulation is finally given to show the correctness of the consensus condition.
Influence of bovine growth hormone and growth hormone-releasing factor on messenger RNA abundance of lipoprotein lipase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase in the bovine mammary gland and adipose tissue.

Our objective was to determine the influence of bovine growth hormone (bGH) and bovine growth hormone-releasing factor (bGRF) administration on the mRNA abundance of lipoprotein lipase (LpL) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD). Primiparous Holstein cows received bGH, bGRF, or no treatment from 118 to 181+/-1 d postpartum. We hypothesized that bGH and bGRF treatment would increase the mRNA abundance of both SCD and LpL in the mammary gland with a corresponding reduction in adipose tissue. Milk yield significantly increased but milk fat percentage did not change as a result of bGH or bGRF treatment. Short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acid concentrations in milk were not affected by either bGH or bGRF treatments, with the exception of a modest, but significant, increase in C16:1 and C18:1 following bGH treatment. Analysis was conducted on the genes encoding LpL (E.C. 3.3.1.34), a key enzyme involved in the uptake of fatty acids into tissues, and SCD (E.C. 1.14.99.5), which is the enzyme responsible for introducing delta9 double bonds in fatty acids of 16 and 18 carbons in length. In adipose tissue, treatment with bGH and bGRF reduced the mRNA abundance of LpL to 14.6 and 25.7% respectively, of that observed for control animals. Similarly, these treatments reduced the SCD mRNA abundance to undetectable levels in adipose tissue. In mammary gland, bGH and bGRF had no significant impact on LpL mRNA abundance. Bovine GH did not significantly affect SCD mRNA abundance in the mammary gland, and bGRF reduced SCD mRNA abundance. From this study to examine the role of bGH and bGRF on the expression of the genes encoding these key lipogenic enzymes in cattle, we conclude that the increased substrate required for enhanced milk fatty acid yield may have been provided through redirection of nutrients to the mammary gland away from adipose tissue and through overall increased metabolism in the mammary gland.
Networks as Learning Communities

As technology transforms the institutions of society, changing the way that people work, communicate, and learn, schools must accommodate and adapt to these new conditions. Unfortunately, schools and school systems organized bureaucratically have difficulty changing. Educational reform networks are particularly well suited to making use of new technology and institutional arrangements. By their very nature, they are flexible, borderless, and innovative; they are able to create collaborative environments, focus their efforts, and develop agendas that grow and change with their participants. Studying reform networks, collaboratives, partnerships external to schools, and communities inside schools has taught a great deal about the organizational conditions and practices that support and sustain teacher learning over time. Teacher educators who collaborate with, learn from, and make use of the knowledge created by these networks are helping to recreate the meaning of scholarship itself, not only for teachers, but for themselves as well.
Specific cognitive deficits in a group at genetic high risk of schizophrenia

Background Neuropsychological deficits in schizophrenia patients and their relatives have been thought to represent possible genetic vulnerability markers or endophenotypes of the disorder. The present study describes results from the Edinburgh High Risk Study of computerized testing using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) on a group at genetic high risk (HR) of schizophrenia and a control group. Method A total of 97 HR and 25 control participants were assessed on three tests from the CANTAB – spatial span, spatial working memory, and Stockings of Cambridge. Analyses of covariance were used to compare the HR and control groups on the main outcome measures whilst controlling for intelligence quotient (IQ). Subsequent analysis examined the effects of the presence of symptoms on group differences. Results HR participants had significantly reduced spatial memory capacity [F(1, 118)=4.06, p=0.046] and significantly reduced planning processing speed [F(1, 116)=4.16, p=0.044] compared with controls even after controlling for general intelligence (IQ). Although HR individuals made more errors and showed poorer problem-solving and strategy performance compared with controls, these differences were not significant after controlling for IQ. Subsequent analysis indicated that the presence or absence of psychotic symptoms in the HR group did not influence these specific cognitive deficits. Conclusions Spatial memory capacity and planning processing speed may represent cognitive endophenotypes characterising the genetic predisposition to schizophrenia in this HR group.
Resolving Sets in Temporal Graphs

A $\textit{resolving set}$ $R$ in a graph $G$ is a set of vertices such that every vertex of $G$ is uniquely identified by its distances to the vertices of $R$. Introduced in the 1970s, this concept has been since then extensively studied from both combinatorial and algorithmic point of view. We propose a generalization of the concept of resolving sets to temporal graphs, i.e., graphs with edge sets that change over discrete time-steps. In this setting, the $\textit{temporal distance}$ from $u$ to $v$ is the earliest possible time-step at which a journey with strictly increasing time-steps on edges leaving $u$ reaches $v$, i.e., the first time-step at which $v$ could receive a message broadcast from $u$. A $\textit{temporal resolving set}$ of a temporal graph $\mathcal{G}$ is a subset $R$ of its vertices such that every vertex of $\mathcal{G}$ is uniquely identified by its temporal distances from vertices of $R$. We study the problem of finding a minimum-size temporal resolving set, and show that it is NP-complete even on very restricted graph classes and with strong constraints on the time-steps: temporal complete graphs where every edge appears in either time-step 1 or 2, temporal trees where every edge appears in at most two consecutive time-steps, and even temporal subdivided stars where every edge appears in at most two (not necessarily consecutive) time-steps. On the other hand, we give polynomial-time algorithms for temporal paths and temporal stars where every edge appears in exactly one time-step, and give a combinatorial analysis and algorithms for several temporal graph classes where the edges appear in periodic time-steps.
Baseline Systems for NTCIR-5 CLQA1: An Experimentally Extended QBTE Approach

This paper reports the performance of baseline systems for the NTCIR CLQA1 Task. As a task organizer for CLQA1 and hence a creator of both sample and formal run questions of JE/EJ subtasks, I have deemed it ideal to completely exclude the effect of human knowledge. Consequently, we have taken an approach to statistically construct baseline CLQA systems using only a QA data set. We employed the QBTE (Question-Biased Term Extraction) Model and a preliminary extended model of the QBTE Model, which statistically constructs QA systems only from questionanswer pairs. The extended model uses word and POS dictionaries in addition to Q/A pairs. We constructed CLQA systems on the basis of a sample Q/A data set (300 Q/A pairs) that was provided by CLQA1 organizers. It took only a week to develop baseline CLQA systems, QATRO-JE/EJ/CE, but the results showed that 300 Q/A pairs is too small a number in a CLQA setting thus that only a small number of questions could be correctly answered by our system. An additional analysis after the formal run revealed that the crosslingual setting makes it more difficult for the system to retrieve related documents and pin-point answers because of discrepancies between translated words and words actually appearing in questions and target articles.
A Faropenem, Linezolid, and Moxifloxacin Regimen for Both Drug-Susceptible and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Children: FLAME Path on the Milky Way

Background. The regimen of linezolid and moxifloxacin was found to be efficacious in the hollow fiber system model of pediatric intracellular tuberculosis. However, its kill rate was slower than the standard 3-drug regimen of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide. We wanted to examine the effect of adding a third oral agent, faropenem, to this dual combination. Methods. We performed a series of studies in the hollow fiber system model of intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis, by mimicking pediatric pharmacokinetics of each antibiotic. First, we varied the percentage of time that faropenem persisted above minimum inhibitory concentration (TMIC) on the moxifloxacin-linezolid regimen. After choosing the best faropenem exposure, we performed experiments in which we varied the moxifloxacin and linezolid doses in the triple regimen. Finally, we performed longer-duration therapy validation experiments. Bacterial burden was quantified using both colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) and time to positivity (TTP). Kill slopes were modeled using exponential regression. Results. TTP was a more sensitive measure of bacterial burden than CFU/mL. A faropenem TMIC > 62% was associated with steepest microbial kill slope. Regimens of standard linezolid and moxifloxacin plus faropenem TMIC > 60%, as well as higher-dose moxifloxacin, achieved slopes equivalent to those of the standard regimen based by both TTP and CFU/mL over 28 days of treatment. Conclusions. We have developed an oral faropenem-linezolid-moxifloxacin (FLAME) regimen that is free of first-line drugs. The regimen could be effective against both multidrug-resistant and drug-susceptible tuberculosis in children.
SCIENTIFIC ILLUSTRATION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF A SKULL OF THE DIPLODOCID SAUROPOD DINOSAUR GALEAMOPUS

High-quality scientific illustration is an important visualization tool for natural sciences. In paleontology, drawings help to guide the reader to important features of the fossils under study, and to remove irrelevant information or strong shadows that might obscure parts of photographs. Furthermore, drawings allow for the deformation of the fossils to be corrected. However, for an accurate interpretation of these reconstruction drawings, it is important to provide a detailed report about the creation of the drawings. Herein, we describe the methodology of the reconstruction drawing of a skull of the sauropod dinosaur Galeamopus. After preparation and reconstruction of the skull in the laboratory, illustrations were needed to correct natural deformations, restore missing parts, and highlight critical features for anatomical recognition of the several bones. The illustrations were successful thanks to the collaborative work between the paleontologist and the illustrator.
Fast and scale-adaptive target tracking via keypoint matching

As the main challenge for target tracking is accounting for target scale change and real-time, we combine Mean-Shift and PCA-SIFT algorithm together to solve the problem. We introduce similarity comparison method to determine how the target scale changes, and taking different strategies according to different situation. For target scale getting larger will cause location error, we employ backward tracking to reduce the error. Mean-Shift algorithm has poor performance when tracking scale-changing target due to the fixed bandwidth of its kernel function. In order to overcome this problem, we introduce PCA-SIFT matching. Through keypoint matching between target and template that adjusting the scale of tracking window adaptively can be achieved. Because this algorithm is sensitive to wrong match, we introduce RANSAC to reduce mismatch as far as possible. Furthermore target relocating will trigger when number of match is too small. In addition we take comprehensive consideration about target deformation and error accumulation to put forward a new template update method. Experiments on five image sequences and comparison with 6 kinds of other algorithm demonstrate favorable performance of the proposed tracking algorithm.
Modeling Cadmium Exposures in Low- and High-Exposure Areas in Thailand

Background: Previous U.S. population modeling studies have reported that urinary cadmium (Cd) excretion patterns differ with age, sex, and dietary exposure; associations between Cd exposures and health outcomes also have differed by age and sex. Therefore, it is important to test models used to estimate Cd exposures across an expanded Cd-exposure range. Objectives: We estimated relative Cd exposures from both diet and smoking in low- and high-exposure scenarios to provide data for improving risk assessment calculations. Methods: We used a Cd toxicokinetic–based model to estimate Cd exposures based on urinary Cd levels measured for 399 persons in a low-exposure area (Bangkok) and 6,747 persons in a high-exposure area (Mae Sot) in Thailand. Results: In Bangkok, we estimated dietary Cd exposures of 50–56 µg/day for males and 21–27 µg/day for females 20–59 years of age who never smoked. In Mae Sot, we estimated dietary Cd exposures of 188–224 µg/day for males and 99–113 µg/day for females 20–59 years of age who never smoked. In Bangkok, we estimated Cd exposures from smoking to be 5.5–20.4 µg/day for male smokers 20–59 years of age. In Mae Sot, we estimated Cd exposures from smoking to be 9.8–26 µg/day for male heavy smokers and 26 µg/day for female heavy smokers. Conclusion: This study provides estimates of Cd exposures from diet and smoking in low- and high-exposure scenarios. Our findings suggest a relatively small safety margin between the established tolerable Cd reference exposure of 62 µg/day and exposure levels previously associated with evidence of kidney and bone effects in Mae Sot residents, where dietary Cd exposures among women were only 1.6–2.1 times the reference value.