Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Symmetry breaking in high frequency, symmetric capacitively coupled plasmas

Two radially propagating surface wave modes, “symmetric,” in which the upper and lower axial sheath fields (Ez) are aligned, and “anti-symmetric,” in which they are opposed, can exist in capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) discharges. For a symmetric (equal electrode areas) CCP driven symmetrically, we expected to observe only the symmetric mode. Instead, we find that when the applied rf frequency f is above or near an anti-symmetric spatial resonance, both modes can exist in combination and lead to unexpected non-symmetric equilibria. We use a fast 2D axisymmetric fluid-analytical code to study a symmetric CCP reactor at low pressure (7.5 mTorr argon) and low density (∼3 × 1015 m−3) in the frequency range of f = 55 to 100 MHz which encompasses the first anti-symmetric spatial resonance frequency fa but is far below the first symmetric spatial resonance fs. For lower frequencies such that f is well below fa, the symmetric CCP is in a stable symmetric equilibrium, as expected, but at higher frequencies such that f is near or greater than fa, a non-symmetric equilibrium appears which may be stable or unstable. We develop a nonlinear lumped circuit model of the symmetric CCP to better understand these unexpected results, indicating that the proximity to the anti-symmetric spatial resonance allows self-exciting of the anti-symmetric mode even in a symmetric system. The circuit model results agree well with the fluid simulations. A linear stability analysis of the symmetric equilibrium describes a transition with increasing frequency from stable to unstable.Two radially propagating surface wave modes, “symmetric,” in which the upper and lower axial sheath fields (Ez) are aligned, and “anti-symmetric,” in which they are opposed, can exist in capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) discharges. For a symmetric (equal electrode areas) CCP driven symmetrically, we expected to observe only the symmetric mode. Instead, we find that when the applied rf frequency f is above or near an anti-symmetric spatial resonance, both modes can exist in combination and lead to unexpected non-symmetric equilibria. We use a fast 2D axisymmetric fluid-analytical code to study a symmetric CCP reactor at low pressure (7.5 mTorr argon) and low density (∼3 × 1015 m−3) in the frequency range of f = 55 to 100 MHz which encompasses the first anti-symmetric spatial resonance frequency fa but is far below the first symmetric spatial resonance fs. For lower frequencies such that f is well below fa, the symmetric CCP is in a stable symmetric equilibrium, as expected, but at higher frequencies such .
Modeling and Analysis of the Impact of Risk Culture on Human Behavior during a Catastrophic Event

In a world more and more affected by natural and/or industrial disasters, it is essential to understand, analyze and control human behavior during such events. The work presented in this article is one of the results of a transdisciplinary collaboration between geographers, psychologists, mathematicians, computer scientists, operational staff and stakeholders in risk management. This collaboration made it possible to identify the diverse behavioral reactions that can occur during a disaster and to propose a categorization of these behavioral states and their transitions. These behavioral dynamics are described by the APC (Alert–Panic–Control) mathematical model, which integrates two key elements (among others) during disasters: cognition and social contagion. Several scenarios are developed, and a qualitative analysis of the model is conducted to better understand the role of crowd density and risk culture on behavioral dynamics.
Nutrient-Sensing Ghrelin Receptor in Macrophages Modulates Bisphenol A-Induced Intestinal Inflammation in Mice

Bisphenols are environmental toxins with endocrine disruptor activity, yet bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogs are still widely used in manufacturing plastic products. There is evidence showing that BPA elicits inflammation in humans and animals, but the target cell types of BPA are not well understood. In this study, we sought to determine BPA’s direct effect on macrophages and BPA immunotoxicity in mouse intestine. Ghrelin is an important nutrient-sensing hormone, acting through its receptor growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) to regulate metabolism and inflammation. We found that BPA promotes intestinal inflammation, showing increased infiltrating immune cells in colons and enhanced expression of Ghsr and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as Il6 and Ccl2, in colonic mucosa. Moreover, we found that both long- and short-term BPA exposure elevated pro-inflammatory monocytes and macrophages in mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and peritoneal macrophages (PM), respectively. To determine the role of GHSR in BPA-mediated inflammation, we generated Ghsr deletion mutation in murine macrophage RAW264.7 using CRISPR gene editing. In wild-type RAW264.7 cells, the BPA exposure promotes macrophage pro-inflammatory polarization and increases Ghsr and cytokine/chemokine Il6 and Ccl2 expression. Interestingly, Ghsr deletion mutants showed a marked reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine expression in response to BPA, suggesting that GHSR is required for the BPA-induced pro-inflammatory response. Further understanding how nutrient-sensing GHSR signaling regulates BPA intestinal immunotoxicity will help design new strategies to mitigate BPA immunotoxicity and provide policy guidance for BPA biosafety.
Meaning in life as a protective factor against depression

The main objective of this study was to analyze the mediating role that meaning in life has between emotion dysregulation and depressive symptomatology in Spanish university students. Five hundred and sixty-six Spanish university students participated in the study. All of them completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Purpose in Life Test (PIL-10). A mediation model was performed to test the hypothesis that meaning in life mediates the effect of emotional dysregulation on depressive symptomatology in college students. The results show a positive, moderate, and statistically significant correlation between depression and emotional dysregulation. In addition, a negative, moderate, and statistically significant correlation was found between depression and meaning in life, and a negative, small, and statistically significant correlation between emotional dysregulation and meaning in life. Finally, the results of the mediation model evidence the role of meaning in life in different emotional dysregulation strategies and depressive symptomatology. These findings suggest the importance of incorporating the meaning in life variable in the development and implementation of prevention and treatment programs for psychological disorders.
FPFH-based graph matching for 3D point cloud registration

Correspondence detection is a vital step in point cloud registration and it can help getting a reliable initial alignment. In this paper, we put forward an advanced point feature-based graph matching algorithm to solve the initial alignment problem of rigid 3D point cloud registration with partial overlap. Specifically, Fast Point Feature Histograms are used to determine the initial possible correspondences firstly. Next, a new objective function is provided to make the graph matching more suitable for partially overlapping point cloud. The objective function is optimized by the simulated annealing algorithm for final group of correct correspondences. Finally, we present a novel set partitioning method which can transform the NP-hard optimization problem into a O(n3)-solvable one. Experiments on the Stanford and UWA public data sets indicates that our method can obtain better result in terms of both accuracy and time cost compared with other point cloud registration methods.
Multimodel ELM-Based Identification of an Aircraft Dynamics in the Entire Flight Envelope

The development of a multiple model-based identification algorithm is addressed in this paper for nonlinear modeling of a conventional aircraft in the entire flight envelope. The dynamic model of an aircraft varies significantly depending on changes in the flight condition of the air vehicle including the altitude and the equivalent air speed. Therefore, the conventional identification approaches for generating a single nonlinear model with time-invariant parameters cannot be used in the entire flight envelope of an aircraft. Accordingly, a multiple model-based approach using nonlinear autoregressive exogenous neural networks is introduced in this paper as a powerful tool in identifying complex nonlinear dynamic systems. Different methods of validity function determination are introduced in order to aggregate the separate local models into a single model. The obtained results show that the proposed approach using the extreme learning machine-based validity function determination method has a significant capability to predict the aircraft outputs in various flight conditions. Further, the proposed identification scheme can be used effectively as a precise multistep ahead predictor of nonlinear multivariable systems outputs.
The Profile of Creative Thinking Skills of Junior High School Students in Science Learning About Alternative Energy

This research aims to explore junior high school students' creative thinking skill profile in science learning about alternative energy. This research was a quantitative descriptive essay test method. Respondents were 128 7th-grade junior high school students in Jember, East Java, Indonesia. The essay test consists of eight open-ended questions. Every indicator of creative thinking skill consists of two questions number. The Test score would be analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistic 23 using descriptive analyses, frequency analyses, one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, validity tests by Pearson correlation, reliability tests, linearity tests, and regression analyses. The results showed that the creative thinking skills of junior high school students were unsatisfactory. Creative thinking skills still need improvement in science learning. Some students had challenges finding and designing a unique creative work on alternative energy. The results of this study implied that creative thinking skills must improve by developing learning methods, strategies, activities, approaches, media, context, and interaction in the discussion process.
The Efficient Fuel Combustion Using Chemical Looping

This paper discusses Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC). That is the system for energy generation and pollutant control which can capture carbon dioxide (CO2). CLC uses the carrier of solid oxygen that can transfer the oxygen from air to fuel during combustion, eliminating the need for an air separation unit (ASU), and allowing to production of an approximately pure stream of carbon dioxide for the purpose of capturing and storing. The paper also discusses the history of CLC, the types of fuels that can be used in CLC, and the challenges and difficulties this technology is facing. The second part of the paper centers on the topic of different types of solid oxygen carriers, including copper oxides, manganese oxides, and iron-based oxygen carriers. The paper also discusses utilizing solid fuels in CLC systems, particularly coal. All the essential components required for expansion are presented and accounted for. Various inexpensive oxygen transport substances have undergone extended trials and have exhibited satisfactory levels of effectiveness and durability. Overall, CLC is a promising technology for reducing the environmental impact of energy production and industrial processes.
Pattern recognition using binary masks based on the fractional Fourier transform

Abstract This paper presents two new methodologies for pattern recognition invariant to position and rotation. The two methods use the correlation of signatures obtained using a binary rings mask created from the fractional Fourier transform (FRFT). An analysis of fragmented information was performed with 21 images of fossil diatom species. The methodologies were applied to 30 species of phytoplankton to test the performance when rotation distortion is present in a target. Also, a noise analysis was performed. Higher signature correlation values are achieved by working outside the Fourier plane by changing the order of the FRFT.
Flow depth estimates and avulsion behaviour in alluvial stratigraphy (Willwood Formation, Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA)

The size and geometry of river channels play a central role in sediment transport and the character of deposition within alluvial basins across spatiotemporal scales spanning the initiation of grain movement to the filling of accommodation generated by subsidence. This study compares several different approaches to estimating palaeoflow depths from fluvial deposits in the early Palaeogene Willwood Formation of north‐west Wyoming, USA. Fluvial story heights (n = 60) and mud plug thicknesses (n = 13) are statistically indistinguishable from one another and yield palaeoflow depth estimates of 4 to 6 m. The vertical relief on bar clinoforms (n = 112) yields smaller flow depths, by a factor of ca 0.3, with the exception that the largest bar clinoforms match story heights and mud plug estimates. This observation is consistent with modern river data sets that indicate unit bar clinoforms do not capture the reach‐mean bank‐full flow depths except in rare circumstances. Future studies should use story heights (i.e. compound bar deposits) and mud plugs to estimate bank‐full flow depths in alluvial strata. Additionally, the thickness of multi‐storied fluvial sandbodies (n = 102) and overbank cycles composed of paired crevasse splay and palaeosol deposits (n = 45) were compared. The two depositional units display statistically indistinguishable mean and median values. Building upon previous depositional models, these observations suggest basin rivers aggraded approximately one flow depth prior to major avulsion. This avulsion process generated widespread crevasse splay deposition across the floodplain. Once the main river channel stem was reestablished, overbank flooding and palaeosol development dominated floodplain settings. The depositional model implies river aggradation autogenically generated topography in the basin that was effectively filled during the subsequent avulsion. This constitutes a meso‐timescale (103–104 years) compensational pattern driven by morphodynamics that may account for the high completeness of fossil and palaeoclimate records recovered from the basin.
The Horizontal Rain-Cell Span and Wind Impact on Multisite Diversity Scheme in a Tropical Region during El-Niño and La-Niña

Site diversity is the most effective way to recover a signal lost during heavy downpours, especially in tropical regions since other mitigation techniques such as adaptive power control and code modulation may be unreliable during such. Duplicated links at diverse sites are deployed, and the least-attenuated signal of either site will be routed to the prime site for further operation. Since the deployment is costly, a diversity-gain model is used to estimate the appropriateness of selected sites. Diversity gain is known to depend on site-separation distance and elevation angle and, optionally, baseline angle and signal frequency, based on the region of research. In addition to these factors, the horizontal rain-cell span and the wind’s impact on the gain are ongoing investigations, especially in tropical regions. This article presented the rain analysis from the year 2014 to mid-July 2017 at eight sites in the Gombak and Sepang districts of Malaysia to investigate the dependency relevancies. The rain rates were then used to predict the attenuation using the ITU-R P.618-13 rain-attenuation model, and the inter- and cross-district gain characteristics were evaluated. The observation of diurnal rain during the northeast seasons yielded that the northeast wind stimulates intense rain at locations along its direction, thus, extending the horizontal rain-cell span to 15 km distant from a host. Meanwhile, sites located at 5 km distant, slightly perpendicular to the wind direction, and from 90° to 180° from due north of the host, experience less rain. The baseline angle variation establishes nonimpact to the gain and lengthening the site-separation distance presented equal chances to the shorter span towards diversity-gain increment. The research outcome is necessary to formulate a more reliable diversity-gain model to be used in the industry.
Enhanced electrocardiogram machine learning-based classification with emphasis on fusion and unknown heartbeat classes

Building an electrocardiogram (ECG) heartbeat classification model is essential for early arrhythmia detection. This research aims to build a reliable model that can classify heartbeats into five heartbeat types: normal beat (N), supraventricular ectopic beat (SVEB), ventricular ectopic beat (VEB), fusion beat (F), and unknown beat (Q), with a focus on enhancing the predictions of the uncommon Q and F heartbeats. The base dataset used is the MIT-BIH SupraVentricular Database, which was used to train and compare the performance of five machine learning models: logistic regression, Random Forest (RF), K-nearest neighbor, linear support vector machine, and linear discriminant analysis. In addition to using the synthetic minority oversampling technique, data extracted from multiple databases for the F and Q classes were combined with the original base dataset. These methods resulted in significant improvement in the recall for the rare F and Q classes when compared to the literature. The RF algorithm produced the best performance with an accuracy of 97% and recall values equal to 97%, 93%, 95%, 95%, and 30% for N, SVEB, VEB, F, and Q, respectively.
On the intersection of two distinct $k$-generalized Fibonacci sequences

Let $k\geq 2$ and define $F^{(k)}:=(F_n^{(k)})_{n\geq 0}$, the $k$-generalized Fibonacci sequence whose terms satisfy the recurrence relation $F_n^{(k)}=F_{n-1}^{(k)}+F_{n-2}^{(k)}+\cdots + F_{n-k}^{(k)}$, with initial conditions $0,0,\dots ,0,1$ ($k$ terms) and such that the first nonzero term is $F_1^{(k)}=1$. The sequences $F:=F^{(2)}$ and $T:=F^{(3)}$ are the known Fibonacci and Tribonacci sequences, respectively. In 2005, Noe and Post made a conjecture related to the possible solutions of the Diophantine equation $F_n^{(k)}=F_m^{(\ell )}$. In this note, we use transcendental tools to provide a general method for finding the intersections $F^{(k)}\cap F^{(m)}$ which gives evidence supporting the Noe-Post conjecture. In particular, we prove that $F\cap T=\{0,1,2,13\}$.
Comparison of magnetic islands stabilization strategies from Magneto-Hydro-Dynamic simulations ; Stratégies de stabilisation des îlots magnétiques établies par des simulations Magnéto-Hydro-Dynamiques

The degradation of plasma conﬁnement in tokamaks by magnetic islands motivates to better understand their possible suppression using Electron Cyclotron Current Drive (ECCD) and to investigate the vari-ous strategies relevant for this purpose. In this work, we evaluate the eﬃciency of several control methods through nonlinear simulations of this process with the toroidal MHD code XTOR L¨utjens and Luciani (2010), which has been extended to incorporate in Ohm’s law a source term modeling the RF driven current resulting from the interaction of the RF waves with the plasma. A basic control system has been implemented in the code, allowing testing advanced strategies that require feedback on island position or phase. We focus in particular on the robustness of the control strategies towards the uncertainties that apply on the control and ECCD systems, such as the risk of misalignment of the current deposition or the possible inability to generate narrow current deposition.
Climate-related corporate reporting and cost of equity capital

Purpose This study aims to examine the reaction of stakeholders (i.e. capital providers) to climate-related corporate reporting. Climate-related corporate reporting is captured by the level of voluntary carbon disclosure, while the recognition and appreciation of capital providers are captured through the cost of equity capital (COE). Design/methodology/approach This study uses a sample including the 350 largest companies by market capitalization on the London Stock Exchange, UK (FTSE350) from 2015 to 2019. The authors use fixed-effects regression models to examine the effect of climate-related corporate reporting on the COE. Findings This study finds that voluntary carbon disclosure proxied by carbon disclosure score is negatively associated with COE. This suggests that firms’ superior quality disclosure of carbon information could contribute to a lower COE. This implies that the market and stakeholders positively appreciate the involvement in climate-related reporting by businesses. Originality/value The finding provides insights to regulators, investors and other stakeholders in terms of the positive economic implication of actively engaging in reducing climate change impact through voluntary carbon disclosure. These findings also motivate corporates to be proactively involved in climate-related reporting by extending the quality of carbon information disclosure.
Low-Complexity PAPR Reduction by Coded Data Insertion on DVB-T2 Reserved Carriers

Digital terrestrial video broadcasting systems based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), such as the second generation of terrestrial digital video broadcasting standard (DVB-T2), often include carriers reserved for peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction. This paper presents a low-complexity PAPR reduction method that inserts coded data onto a subset of reserved carriers. Using differential binary phase shift keying (DBPSK) with repetition coding, the proposed method generates a time-domain peak-cancellation signal that carries also additional information. The carrier selection, as well as the signal amplitudes, of the coded DBPSK data is optimized, taking also under control the regrowth of other peaks. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the tone reservation (TR) algorithm of the DVB-T2 standard in terms of both PAPR reduction performance and computational complexity. The proposed algorithm is also significantly less complex than the clipping-and-filtering (CF) algorithm and the active constellation extension (ACE) algorithm of the DVB-T2 standard, paying a small price in terms of PAPR. Noteworthy, the compatibility with existing DVB-T2 receivers is fully guaranteed, since the proposed method modifies only the reserved carriers.