Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Soil Health Indicators in Different Land Uses

Soil health plays an important role in environmental sustainability and food security, but measuring soil health is still uncertain. An evaluation of soil health indicators was conducted using soils from five land uses: forest land, grassland, farmland in corn, farmland in soybean and urban construction land. With the exception of the construction site all of the soils were taken from Agronomy Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. The following indicators of soil health were selected and analyzed in the laboratory: bulk density, field moisture content, pH, total carbon and nitrogen, carbon and nitrogen mineralization rates and soil enzyme activities (fluorescein diacetate, s-glucosidase, arylamidase, acid phosphatase, and arylsulfatase). The experimental data showed that the selected indicators of soil health are sensitive, and all were more favorable in the forest and grassland than in soybean and corn cropland. The least favorable values were in the soil from the construction site. It is clear that land use can influence soil health and these indicators are sensitive to cropping practices.
Agent-based distributed consensus algorithm for decentralized economic dispatch in Smart Grid

The agent based solutions are successfully applied in research and have impressive results. However, at the present, the agent technology is the realm of theory and laboratory simulation. The paper presents an attempt to bridge the gap. To facilitate migration of agent technology to the field, we propose to apply industrial standards such as IEC 61499 to design and implement the agent based algorithms. IEC 61499 is reference architecture for development of distributed systems. As an example of agent based solution to power system problem we consider Incremental Cost Consensus (ICC) algorithm for solving economic dispatch problem. The original system was simulated in Matlab. The agent based 5 node system was developed using IEC 61499 and deployed to 5 industrial controllers, then tested. With the proposed approach the agent algorithms can be designed, tested and deployed within one framework without the overhead of re-coding the solution for different stages. The proposed approach enables directly executable agent solutions and paves the way to the industrial adoption of the agent technology in power system domain.
Message Framing and Collectivistic Appeal in Green Advertising—A Study of Chinese Consumers

ABSTRACT This study examined the effects of message framing (positive vs. negative) and appeal types (individualistic vs. collectivistic) in green advertising on Chinese consumers’ attitude toward the ad, attitude toward the brand, green trust (trust of green messages), and purchase intention. It was found that negative frames and collectivistic appeal generated more favorable advertising and brand attitude and a higher level of green trust and purchase intention. Interaction effects suggested that, for ads with collectivistic appeals, there was no significant difference in terms of message framing. However, when individualistic appeals were used, ads with negative message frames generated more favorable responses than ads with positive frames.
Lactic Acidosis in the Setting of Antiretroviral Therapy for the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Type B lactic acidosis, a rare but often fatal disorder, has been reported in 21 AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We present an AIDS patient with severe and prolonged lactic acidosis on stavudine and lamivudine. The lactic acidosis occurred in the absence of mitochondrial myopathy, hepatomegaly, or liver failure. This is the second report of lactic acidosis in a patient on stavudine and lamivudine. This patient recovered after aggressive supportive therapy including intravenous alkali and fluid administration as well as continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration. A single dose of dichloroacetate (DCA) was associated with a decrease in the serum lactate level by 20%, which persisted for more than 24 h. Seventeen months after recovery, the patient was rechallenged with ART without recurrence of lactic acidosis. We review and summarize all reported cases of patients with ART-associated lactic acidosis reported in the English literature.
Principal Preferences and the Uneven Distribution of Principals Across Schools

The authors use longitudinal data from one large school district to investigate the distribution of principals across schools. They find that schools serving many low-income, non-White, and low-achieving students have principals who have less experience and less education and who attended less selective colleges. This distribution of principals is partially driven by the initial match of first-time principals to schools, and it is exacerbated by systematic attrition and transfer away from these schools. The authors supplement these data with surveys of principals and find that their stated preferences for school characteristics mirror observed distribution and transfer patterns: Principals prefer to work in easier-to-serve schools with favorable working conditions, which tend to be schools with fewer poor, minority, and low-achieving students.
Active learning for HPSG parse selection

We describe new features and algorithms for HPSG parse selection models and address the task of creating annotated material to train them. We evaluate the ability of several sample selection methods to reduce the number of annotated sentences necessary to achieve a given level of performance. Our best method achieves a 60% reduction in the amount of training material without any loss in accuracy.
The cannabinoid antagonist SR144528 enhances the acute effect of WIN 55,212‐2 on gastrointestinal motility in the rat

Background In the absence of pathology, cannabinoid‐induced depression of gastrointestinal (GI) motility is thought to be mediated primarily by CB1 receptors, whereas the role of CB2 receptors is still unclear. The aim of this work was to radiographically analyze the acute effect of the mixed cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212‐2 (WIN) on GI motor function in the rat, focusing on the involvement of CB1 and CB2 receptors.
Complications of a buried penis in an extremely obese patient

The buried penis syndrome in adults is a rare condition of different aetiologies. Today extreme obesity is considered as a major contributor. We present a case of a 30‐year‐old extremely obese patient (BMI 65 kg/m2) with purulent infection of the penile cavity, a phlegmon of the mons pubis and urinary retention due to a buried penis. Whereas acute complications of a buried penis in obese patients include local infection and urinary retention, chronic problems are undirected voiding, disturbed vaginal penetration and erectile dysfunction. Even though several surgical techniques are described, weight reduction should be primarily preferred.
Familial breast cancer in the family‐cancer database

We use the population‐based Family‐Cancer Database from Sweden to study familial breast cancer. The size of the population and the nation‐wide registration of cancer offer unique possibilities for epidemiological studies of familial cancer, including complete and unbiased identification of cases in the probands and in their relatives, and complete and unbiased identification of the family relationships. Using the Database, we wanted to answer the following questions: (i) proportion of familial breast cancer among all breast cancers; (ii) familial relative risks in breast cancer alone or in combination with another cancer, defined either through the mother or the daughter; (iii) modification of familial risk by age; and (iv) effects of paternal breast cancer alone or in combination with maternal breast cancer. The proportion of familial female breast cancer among all breast cancers before 54 years of age in Sweden was 8.7%. The familial relative risk was about 1.8, but is likely to decrease to about 1.5 in the ageing population. The higher familial relative risks were evident in young women, being 4.0 when both the mothers and their daughters were diagnosed at ages <40 years. Paternal breast cancer, in combination with maternal breast cancer, caused a large (but not statistically significant) risk in the daughters. In mothers and daughters, ovarian but not colon cancer was increased in combination with breast cancer. Int. J. Cancer 77:386–391, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A rare complication following maxillary third molar extraction: infratemporal fossa abscess

Infratemporal fossa abscess formation is a very rare and life threatening condition and also its differential diagnosis is a very difficult process. Infratemporal fossa abscess following the non-infected, asymptomatic, erupted maxillary third molar extraction in a young and healthy patient is an unexpected and unusual complication. A 25 years old, male patient with a significant infratemporal fossa abscess and his treatment protocol was presented in this case report.
Transparent modules with fully syntatic signatures

ML-style modules are valuable in the development and maintenance of large software systems, unfortunately, none of the existing languages support them in a fully satisfactory manner. The Official SML'97 Definition does not allow higher-order functors, so a module that refers to externally defined functors cannot accurately describe its import interface. MacQueen and Tofte [26] extended SML'97 with fully transparent higher-order functors, but their system does not have a type-theoretic semantics thus fails to support fully syntactic signatures. The systems of manifest types [19, 20] and translucent sums [12] support fully syntactic signatures but they may propagate fewer type equalities than fully transparent functors. This paper presents a module calculus that supports both fully transparent higher-order functors and fully syntactic signatures (and thus true separate compilation). We give a simple type-theoretic semantics to our calculus and show how to compile it into an F&omega;-like &lambda;-calculus extended with existential types.
Linux Software RAID Level 0 Technique for High Performance Computing by using PCI-Express based SSD

The Linux-based legacy server systems are configured and used with software RAID to improve the performance of the disk I/O. Server systems requiring high performance prefer a special SSD that connects directly with the PCI-express bus to the SATA interface. However, the problem is that the current Linux kernel and software RAID are difficult to optimize the high-performance SSD based on PCI-Express because it is designed to be optimized for the conventional hard disk. Therefore, we propose the efficient method using re-combination and remapping techniques to improve the performance of software RAID level-0 provided on the Linux kernel level. This proposed method is designed to have more bandwidth at a time by reducing the number of system calls considering the block I/O characteristics of Linux kernel and RAID level 0. As a low-level I/O benchmarking tool, XDD is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. According to the experimental results, our performance gains are 28.4% on write bandwidth and 13.77% on read bandwidth compared with legacy software RAID. Moreover, CPU occupancy rates are decreased 81.2% and 77.8%, respectively. Keywords—Software RAID, PCI-E Express SSD, High Performance Computing, Disk I/O, Memory Block Device
Autonomous Hovering of a Noncyclic Tiltrotor UAV: Modeling, Control and Implementation

The aim of this paper is to present a mini tilt-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle which is capable to perform hover flight. Unlike conventional full-scale tiltrotors, in our design we avoid the use of swashplate and we propose a simpler mechanical design which use only the tilting rotors to stabilize the vehicle dynamics. A detailed mathematical model is derived via the Newton-Euler formalism. A nonlinear control scheme, incorporating bounded smooth function, is obtained from the decoupled dynamics and applied to real prototype for controlling hover flight.
Programming with Ghosts

Best practices in programming typically imply incremental coding with classes and interfaces that are either not yet defined or only partially defined. Yet integrated development environments (IDEs) don't support incremental coding well, and recent enhancements and third-party plug-ins fail to provide a seamless experience. We propose to reify undefined entities as ghosts, properly supported by the IDE. A Ghost View provides an integrated, modular view of each ghost, reflecting the current set of assumptions about a given undefined entity. This view is built unobtrusively and on the fly, without interrupting the programming workflow, and it supports program understanding tasks such as navigating from ghosts to the places where they're used. Ghosts and their usages are type-checked automatically as soon as they're defined. Busting a ghost generates a complete skeleton, in the background. Ghosts are a simple and useful metaphor to better support incremental development.
Akt activation correlates with adverse outcome in tongue cancer

Recent data have shown a significant association between phosphorylated‐Akt (p‐Akt) and failure of local disease control by radiation therapy in head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC), and also that Akt activation correlates with histologic progression of HNSCC from premalignant lesions to invasive cancer. This study evaluated the role of Akt in previously untreated preneoplastic lesions of oral cavity and invasive tongue carcinoma on patient outcome and cancer development.
Iodine content in bulk feeds in western and southern Bohemia

In 1997–2001 a total of 304 samples of bulk feeds were analysed. Iodine was determined spectrophotometrically by Sandell and Kolthoff’s method (Bednář et al., 1964). The highest content of iodine was determined in grass silage (213.3 ± 169.3 μg/kg DM). The lowest concentration was measured in maize silage (110.0 ± 97.2) and hay (112.1 ± 93.9). Pasture herbage contained on average 148.9 ± 105.1. Feeds originating from foothill areas of western Bohemia (geological bedrock built of crystalline schists and igneous intrusions of earlier granite) contained a higher amount of iodine than feeds from foothill areas of southern Bohemia (geological bedrock in which crystalline schists prevail). The largest difference in iodine content in relation to feed origin was found out in hay: western Bohemia 168.0, southern Bohemia 78.0 (P < 0.01). From May to July pasture herbage contained 101.3 ± 73.6 and from August to October 214.5 ± 107.3 μg/kg DM (P < 0.01).
Hardware-Software Co-Design for Network Performance Measurement

Diagnosing performance problems in networks is important, for example to determine where packets experience high latency or loss. However, existing performance diagnoses are constrained by limited switch mechanisms for measurement. Alternatively, operators use endpoint information indirectly to infer root causes for problematic latency or drops. Instead of designing piecemeal solutions to work around such switch restrictions, we believe that the right approach is to co-design language abstractions and switch hardware primitives for network performance measurement. This approach provides confidence that the switch primitives are sufficiently general, i.e., they can support a variety of existing and unanticipated use cases. We present a declarative query language that allows operators to ask a diverse set of network performance questions. We show that these queries can be implemented efficiently in switch hardware using a novel programmable key-value store primitive. Our preliminary evaluations show that our hardware design is feasible at modest chip area overhead relative to existing switching chips.
Treatment of Multiple Intracranial Aneurysms with 1-Stage Coiling

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although multiple intracranial aneurysms are frequent, determining treatment strategy and methods for them is often complicated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of 1-stage coiling for multiple intracranial aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients who underwent 1-stage coiling for ≥2 aneurysms were identified from a prospectively registered neurointerventional data base during 10 years. The patient characteristics and clinical and angiographic outcomes at discharge and follow-up were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-seven patients (male/female ratio, 30:137; mean age, 58 years) with multiple aneurysms (418 aneurysms; mean, 2.5 aneurysms/patient) underwent attempted 1-stage coiling for ≥2 aneurysms (359 aneurysms; mean, 2.1 aneurysms/patient). In 131 patients (78.4%), all detected aneurysms were treated with coiling only. Treatment-related morbidity and mortality at discharge were 1.8% and 0.6% per patient, respectively. Of the 132 patients without subarachnoid hemorrhage, 129 (97.7%) had favorable outcomes (mRS 0–2) at discharge; of the 35 patients with SAH, 27 (77.1%) had favorable outcomes at discharge. Of the 162 patients (97%) for whom clinical follow-up was available (mean, 35.8 months), 154 patients (95.1%) had favorable outcomes. Immediate posttreatment angiography showed complete occlusion in 186 (51.8%) aneurysms, neck remnants in 134 (37.3%), sac remnants in 33 (9.2%), and failure in 6 (1.7%). Of the 262 (73.9%) aneurysms that underwent follow-up imaging (mean, 24.8 months), 244 (93.1%) showed a stable or improved state, with 12 (4.6%) minor and 6 (2.3%) major recurrences. CONCLUSIONS: One-stage coiling of multiple aneurysms seems to be safe and effective, with low morbidity and mortality.
The effects of some attitudinal and organizational factors on transfer outcome

Two attitudinal (training value and training motivation) and two organizational (opportunity to transfer and transfer reward) factors were proposed to affect the transfer of MBA knowledge to the job and were tested using multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that only training value was significantly related to transfer outcome. In other words, the greater the perception of training value, the more would be the training applications. Other factors were shown to have little impact. It might be due to the fact that testing of the transfer of MBA knowledge required a longitudinal approach that should incorporate the identification of what MBA knowledge was to be transferred. Future studies were also suggested to include other individual, attitudinal, and environmental factors to study their effects on training transfer.
Modeling and Characterization of Current Gain Versus Temperature in 4H-SiC Power BJTs

Accurate physical modeling has been developed to describe the current gain of silicon carbide (SiC) power bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), and the results have been compared with measurements. Interface traps between SiC and SiO2 have been used to model the surface recombination by changing the trap profile, capture cross section, and concentration. The best agreement with measurement is obtained using one single energy level at 1 eV above the valence band, a capture cross section of 1 × 10-5 cm2, and a trap concentration of 2 × 1012 cm-2. Simulations have been performed at different temperatures to validate the model and characterize the temperature behavior of SiC BJTs. An analysis of the carrier concentration at different collector currents has been performed in order to describe the mechanisms of the current gain fall-off at a high collector current both at room temperature and high temperatures. At room temperature, high injection in the base (which has a doping concentration of 3 × 1017 cm-3) and forward biasing of the base-collector junction occur simultaneously, causing an abrupt drop of the current gain. At higher temperatures, high injection in the base is alleviated by the higher ionization degree of the aluminum dopants, and then forward biasing of the base-collector junction is the acting mechanism for the current gain fall-off. Forward biasing of the base-collector junction can also explain the reduction of the knee current with increasing temperature by means of the negative temperature dependence of the mobility.
The mutational status of p53 protein in gastric and esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines predicts sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents

Resistance to chemotherapy remains a serious problem in the successful treatment of gastric and esophageal cancers. DNA‐damaging agents alter levels of p53 protein in several cell types and it has been speculated that regulation of p53 can be involved in the resistance or sensitivity of cancer cells to some chemotherapeutic drugs, depending on whether cells have mutant or wild‐type p53; however, little is known about the relationship of p53 to drug sensitivity in gastric/esophageal cancers. Here we have examined human gastric/esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines for p53 mutational status, chemorensitivity to 5‐fluorouracil, mitomycin C, and cis‐dichlorodiammin‐eplatinum(II), alteration in p53 levels following exposure of cells to these drugs, and the mechanisms involved in regulating p53 levels. Our results indicate that wild‐type p53 protein levels increase after treatment with each of these drugs via either post‐translational and/or translational mechanisms and that this increase in wild‐type p53 appears to be required for effective chemotherapeutic growth control of gastric/esophageal adenocarcinoma cells. In contrast, gastric/esophageal cancer cells expressing either mutated p53 protein or no p53 protein are more resistant to the growth‐inhibitory effects of these drugs, despite the fact that drug exposure can also increase mutant p53 levels by a translational mechanism. Thus, these data indicate that the mutational status of p53 is predictive of chemosensitivity of gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas, and suggest a mechanism in which p53 protein contributes to the cellular response to chemotherapy. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Les investissements directs français à l'étranger et l'emploi en France

L’influence de l’investissement direct a l’etranger (IDE) sur les niveaux d’emploi et de salaires est theoriquement equivoque. En revanche, d’apres les donnees statistiques, l’IDE francais s’inscrit dans une strategie de conquete de parts de marche a l’etranger : la majorite des IDE est realisee dans le secteur des services et a destination des pays de l’OCDE. Les etudes empiriques confirment que le cout du travail est un facteur secondaire de la decision d’implantation a l’etranger. Le niveau de l’emploi et des salaires dans la maison mere apparait d’ailleurs positivement correle avec l’activite des filiales a l’etranger. S’il ne semble pas y avoir substitution avec l’investissement domestique, l’investissement sortant semble au contraire exercer une influence positive sur le niveau des exportations. Mots-cles : investissement direct a l’etranger, commerce international, emploi, salaires