Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An unusual Amphisauropus trackway and its implication for understanding seymouriamorph locomotion

Vertebrate ichnology has proved to be a valuable tool for reconstructing tetrapod locomotion. Grounding on 1, the discovery of a new, exceptionally preserved Amphisauropus trackway (Permian Orobic Basin, Northern Italy), showing continuous tail and pedal scratch impressions; and 2, a comparative analysis of track and bony records, we provide a first synapomorphy-based attribution of Amphisauropus tracks to their most plausible producers, seymouriamorph reptiliomorphs, and propose a detailed reconstruction of the locomotion biomechanics in this group. The markedly sinuous and continuous tail impression with a relatively constant width, the curve arrangement of pedal scratches and the inferred position of head, trunk and tail during the locomotion suggest large lateral movements, while vertical movements were nearly absent, consistently with a primitive sprawling gait. We also document the functional prevalence of the hindlimbs and provide a detailed description of femur biomechanics during step cycle. Trackway parameters suggest that the speed was quite slow: a comparison with a large database of Amphisauropus trackways from Italy and Germany proves that this peculiar preservation was gait- and substrate-related, rather than trackmaker-related. In all, this study sheds light on the locomotion of Seymouriamorpha and aimed to contribute to a full integration of track and skeletal data in exploring locomotory biomechanics of extinct tetrapods.
Constant low-to-moderate mechanical asymmetries during 800-m track running

Introduction Modifications in asymmetry in response to self-paced efforts have not been thoroughly documented, particularly regarding horizontally-derived ground reaction force variables. We determined the magnitude and range of gait asymmetries during 800 m track running. Methods Eighteen physical education students completed an 800 m self-paced run on a 200 m indoor track. During the run, vertical and horizontal ground reaction forces were measured at a sampling frequency of 500 Hz using a 5 m-long force platform system, with data collected once per lap. The following mechanical variables were determined for two consecutive steps: contact time and duration of braking/push-off phases along with vertical/braking/push-off peak forces and impulses. The group mean asymmetry scores were evaluated using the “symmetry angle” (SA) formula, where scores of 0% and 100% correspond to perfect symmetry and perfect asymmetry, respectively. Results There was no influence of distance interval on SA scores for any of the nine biomechanical variables (P ≥ 0.095). The SA scores were ∼1%–2% for contact time (1.3 ± 0.5%), peak vertical forces (1.8 ± 0.9%), and vertical impulse (1.7 ± 1.0%). The SA scores were ∼3%–8% for duration of braking (3.6 ± 1.1%) and push-off (3.2 ± 1.4%) phases, peak braking (5.0 ± 2.1%) and push-off (6.9 ± 3.1%) forces as well as braking (7.6 ± 2.3%) and push-off (7.7 ± 3.3%) impulses. The running velocity progressively decreased at 300 m and 500 m compared to that at 100 m but levelled off at 700 m (P < 0.001). Discussion There were no modifications in gait asymmetries, as measured at 200-m distance intervals during 800-m track running in physical education students. The 800 m self-paced run did not impose greater mechanical constraints on one side of the body. Experimental procedures for characterizing the gait pattern during 800 m track running could be simplified by collecting leg mechanical data from only one side.
Fermentation of Plant-Based Feeds with Lactobacillus acidophilus Improves the Survival and Intestinal Health of Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in a Biofloc System

Simple Summary This study investigated the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation on plant-based aquafeed’s biochemical and nutritional profiles, as well as its impact on the productive performance and intestinal health of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in a biofloc system. Two fermentation times of 6 h and 18 h were assessed over 60 days and compared with positive and negative control diets containing fishmeal or devoid of animal protein, respectively. L. acidophilus fermentation improved the plant-based feed. Fish fed with the diet that was fermented for six hours exhibited improved survival rates. Fermentation worsened feed efficiency and increased feed intake. Fermented feeds positively influenced intestinal health by increasing beneficial bacteria and reducing pathogenic strains in both the rearing water and the fish’s guts. Fermented feeds also enhanced intestinal mucosa development compared to non-fermented diets. These results emphasize the promising impact of aquafeeds fermented with L. acidophilus on fish feeds and health and its sustainability by replacing the use of fishmeal with the use of plant protein. Abstract This study evaluated the effect of fermentation with Lactobacillus acidophilus on the biochemical and nutritional compositions of a plant-based diet and its effects on the productive performance and intestinal health of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in a biofloc technology (BFT) system. The in vitro kinetics of feed fermentation were studied to determine the L. acidophilus growth and acidification curve through counting the colony-forming units (CFUs) mL−1 and measuring the pH. Physicochemical and bromatological analyses of the feed were also performed. Based on the microbial growth kinetics results, vegetable-based Nile tilapia feeds fermented for 6 (FPB6) and 18 (FPB18) h were evaluated for 60 days. Fermented diets were compared with a positive control diet containing fishmeal (CFM) and a negative control diet without animal protein (CPB). Fermentation with L. acidophilus increased lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count and the soluble protein concentration of the plant-based feed, as well as decreasing the pH (p < 0.05). FPB treatments improved fish survival compared with CPB (p < 0.05). Fermentation increased feed intake but worsened feed efficiency (p < 0.05). The use of fermented feeds increased the LAB count and reduced pathogenic bacteria both in the BFT system’s water and in the animals’ intestines (p < 0.05). Fermented plant-based feeds showed greater villi (FPB6; FPB18) and higher goblet cell (FPB6) counts relative to the non-fermented plant-based feed, which may indicate improved intestinal health. The results obtained in this study are promising and show the sustainable potential of using fermented plant-based feeds in fish feeding rather than animal protein and, in particular, fishmeal.
Dermoscopic Image Classification Using Attention Mechanism and Ensemble Learning Approaches

Background and purpose: Skin tumours have become one of the most common diseases worldwide. While benign ones are not usually a threat to human health, malignant ones can develop into skin cancer and become life-threatening if left untreated. Early detection of the disease is important for the treatment of patients with skin tumours and dermoscopy is the most effective means of diagnosing skin tumours. However, the complexity of skin tumour cells makes the diagnosis somewhat erroneous for doctors. Therefore, a dermoscopic classification network based on deep learning and computer-aided diagnostic techniques is needed to obtain a high diagnostic accuracy rate for skin tumours. Methods: In this paper, Deep-skin, a model for dermoscopic image classification is proposed, which is based on both attention mechanism and ensemble learning. Considering the characteristics of dermoscopic images, embedding different attention mechanisms on top of Inception-V3 has been suggested to obtain more potential features. We then improve the classification performance by late fusion of the different models. To demonstrate the effectiveness of Deep-skin, experiments and evaluations are performed on the publicly available dataset Skin Cancer: Malignant vs. Benign and compare the performance of Deep-skin with other classification models. Results: The experimental results indicate that Deep-skin performs well on the dataset in comparison to other models, achieving a maximum accuracy of 87.8%. Conclusion: In this paper, the Deep-skin model is proposed for the classification of dermoscopic images and has shown better performance. In the future, we intend to investigate better classification models for automatic diagnosis of skin tumours. Such models can potentially assist physicians and patients in clinical settings.
Proposal of an AI based approach for Urban Traffic Prediction from Mobility Data

The rapid urbanization of our world has led to an ever-increasing urban population, resulting in significant challenges in managing transportation systems. Traffic congestion, with its associated environmental pollution, safety hazards, and prolonged travel times, continues to plague urban areas. Despite numerous efforts to mitigate these issues, the problem persists and hampers urban development. This paper addresses the pressing need for effective traffic flow forecasting of the city of Catania as a critical element in traffic management. Catania’s rapid urbanization has created a complex transportation network as the city’s population has expanded into suburbs and neighbouring areas, causing congestion, pollution, and increased individual motorization due to the high demand for mobility. This has led to severe traffic congestion in the central district, necessitating an efficient traffic management strategy, particularly through the utilization of traffic flow forecasting. A central challenge in traffic flow prediction is the cost and practicality of sensors deployment on every road. To address this issue, the authors propose a novel two-level machine learning approach. The first level employs an unsupervised clustering model to extract patterns from big data generated by sensors, while the second level employs supervised machine learning models for traffic flow forecasting within each cluster. Importantly, this approach enables predictions for roads lacking sensor data by utilizing a really small subset of these new data from alternative sources and assigning roads to appropriate clusters.
Review of the Technology and Problems Faced by Electric Vehicles Drive Circuits

The use of fossil fuels in transportation systems is the second-largest contributor to the production of greenhouse gases. Electric vehicles, also known as EVs, are widely considered to be an excellent answer to this issue. Due to the fact that the propeller is propelled by an electric motor as opposed to an internal combustion engine, CO2 emissions can be reduced by the EVs. When combined with renewable energy sources, EVs could enable zero-emission transportation. This study reviews the developments of EVs in terms of battery technology trends, charging methods, as well as new research challenges. The aim is to provide an overview of the most recent advancements in the constantly evolving field of electric vehicles. In a comparison study that looks at specific energy and power, cost, and application. Batteries are employed as the major energy storage. This study helps us better grasp the present status of battery technology used in electric vehicles (EVs).
Treatment of corn with lactic acid delayed in vitro ruminal degradation without compromising fermentation: a biological and morphological monitoring study

Grain processed by lactic acid (LA) is known to improve ruminant growth and health. However, the exact mechanism regarding rumen hydrolysis of LA-treated grain is still ambiguous. This experiment was designed to compare the effects of 5% LA treatment on the trophic and morphological variations in corn and to discover the alternations in ruminal hydrolysis between LA-treated and untreated corn macroscopically and microscopically using in vitro fermentation method. The results showed that, compared with untreated corn (CN), corn treated with 5% LA for 48 h (CNLA) experienced a decrease in the dry matter, albumin fraction, aNDFom, and water-soluble carbohydrate content but an increase in the resistant starch content. The in vitro fermentation showed that the pH of CNLA was higher, but dry matter disappearance was lower than that of CN. Most of the fermentation indices were unaffected, except for decreased iso-butyrate and iso-valerate. The abundances of total bacteria, Prevotella spp. , Streptococcus bovis, and Selenomonas ruminantium were higher, but those of Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Ruminococcus albus were lower in CNLA than in CN. There were differences in the scanning electron micrographs between CNLA and CN after 3 h of fermentation. This study suggests that treating corn with LA for 48 h can induce changes in its nutrient composition and alter the bacterial flora during subsequent in vitro fermentation. These changes appeared to be crucial contributors to the beneficial effects observed in rumen fermentation.
Research on the Active Power Control Stability of the Renewable Energy Connected to Weak Grids

This paper proposes a novel method to analyze the stability of grids-connected VSC based on its single-input single-output (SISO) open-loop transfer function model. Unlike the traditional eigenvalue analysis, impedance analysis or complex torque analysis, the transfer function based analysis is applied. And the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) model of grids-connected VSC is derived firstly and simplifies to a SISO model, which yields the open-loop transfer function. Then, the Bode plot and Nyquist curve based stability criterion can be applied to analyze the stability of the weak grids-connected VSC. Impact of the interaction between phase-locked loop and outer loop on system stability is studied by analyzing the phase stability margin of the open-loop transfer function. Finally, the time-domain simulations matches well with the results obtained from the analysis based on Nyquist curve and Bode plot.
Joint Transmit and Receive Array Position Error Calibration for Bistatic MIMO Radar Based on Clutter

The issue of position error estimation for transmit and receive array of a bistatic Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar is investigated, and an algorithm for the joint estimation based on clutter echo is proposed. The algorithm is based on the criterion of minimizing the reconstruction mean-square error of clutter echo under the restraint of 1 l -norm of clutter coefficient. An alternately iterative and convex optimization algorithm is adopted to complete the estimation of clutter scattering coefficients and the position error of both transmit and receive arrays. The simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT WITH URBAN RIVER IMPROVEMENT: THE CASE OF YOGYAKARTA CITY (Melibatkan Masyarakat dalam Memperbaiki Lingkungan Sungai Perkotaan : Kasus Kota Yogyakarta)

ABSTRACT The restoration of urban rivers has shifted from predominantly physical and ecological to community oriented social and economic improvement. Community engagement is needed in the people approach of development. Information sharing and public consultation are not enough. A case study among the riverside communities living in Yogyakarta city indicated that these communities need to move out of poverty and destitution through coaching and mentoring by various experts, and at the same time they would assure the ecosystem functioning of urban rivers. ABSTRACT Restorasi sungai-sungai perkotaan telah bergeser dari peningkatan fisik dan ekologis menjadi lebih berorientasi pada sosial dan ekonomi. Keterlibatan masyarakat dibutuhkan dalam pendekatan manusiawi pembangunan. Pemberian informasi dan konsultasi public tidak cukup studi kasus pada komunitas-komunitas yang hidup di pinggir sungai di kota Yogyakarta menunjukkan bahwa komunitas tersebut perlu mengentaskan diri dari kemiskinan dan keterbelaknagn dengan bantuan ahli, dan pada saat yang sama menjaga fungsi ekosistem sungai-sungai perkotaan.
Tropical Extratropical thermocline water mass exchanges in the community climate model v . 3 Part I : the Atlantic Ocean

Tropical Extra-tropical thermocline water mass exchanges in the community climate model v.3 Part I: the Atlantic Ocean I. Wainer, A. Lazar, and A. Solomon Department of Physical Oceanography, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 2 Laboratoire d’Ocanographie Dynamique et de Climatologie (LODYC), Paris, France 3 National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration-Cooperative Institute Research Environmental Sciences (NOAA-CIRES) Climate Diagnostics Center, Boulder, CO, USA Received: 12 December 2005 – Accepted: 21 January 2006 – Published: 10 May 2006 Correspondence to: I. Wainer (wainer@usp.br)
Mapping Global Shipping Density from AIS Data

Mapping global shipping density, including vessel density and traffic density, is important to reveal the distribution of ships and traffic. The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is an automatic reporting system widely installed on ships initially for collision avoidance by reporting their kinematic and identity information continuously. An algorithm was created to account for errors in the data when ship tracks seem to ‘jump’ large distances, an artefact resulting from the use of duplicate identities. The shipping density maps, including the vessel and traffic density maps, as well as AIS receiving frequency maps, were derived based on around 20 billion distinct records during the period from August 2012 to April 2015. Map outputs were created in three different spatial resolutions: 1° latitude by 1° longitude, 10 minutes latitude by 10 minutes longitude, and 1 minute latitude by 1 minute longitude. The results show that it takes only 56 hours to process these records to derive the density maps, 1·7 hours per month on average, including data retrieval, computation and updating of the database.
Flexible Symmetric-Defection Antenna with Bending and Thermal Insensitivity for Miniaturized UAV

Flexible conformal-enabled antennas have great potential for various developable surface-built unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) due to their superior mechanical compliance as well as maintaining excellent electromagnetic features. However, it remains a challenge that the antenna holds bending and thermal insensitivity to negligibly shift resonant frequency during conformal attachment and aerial flight, respectively. Here, we report a flexible symmetric-defection antenna (FSDA) with bending and thermal insensitivity. By engraving a symmetric defection on the reflective ground, the radiated unit attached to the soft polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) makes the antenna resonate at the ISM microwave band (resonant frequency = 2.44 GHz) and conformal with a miniaturized UAV. The antenna is also insensitive to both the bending-conformal attachment (20 mm < r < 70 mm) and thermal radiation (20~100 °C) due to the symmetric peripheral-current field along the defection and the low-change thermal effect of the PDMS, respectively. Therefore, the antenna in a non-bending state almost keeps the same impedance matching and radiation when it is attached to a cylinder-back of a UAV. The flexible antenna with bending and thermal insensitivity will pave the way for more conformal or wrapping applications.
The Influence of Risk Perception on Visit Decision to Tourism Village: The Mediating Role of Tourist Motivation

Community Tourism Village remains a favorite choice to visit despite the various risks threaten during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the role of tourist motivation in mediating the influence of risk perceptions on visit decisions to Penglipuran Tourism Village, which still has a high number of tourist visits during the pandemic. The population in this study were domestic tourists, with a total sample of 400 obtained using the purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique uses SmartPLS 4 by testing the validity, reliability, and mediating effect test on the research data. The results of the research data analysis show influence from each variable, with 47.0% of the variance of tourist motivation determined by risk perception, and 58.2% of the variance in visiting decisions was determined by risk perception and tourist motivation. Thus, tourist motivation positively and significantly mediates the risk perception in visiting decisions. This research can help tourism village managers and the government prepare and improve the services and facilities provided to become healthy, safe, and low-risk COVID-19 tourist destinations.
Development of a Large-Range XY-Compliant Micropositioning Stage with Laser-Based Sensing and Active Disturbance Rejection Control

This paper presents a novel design and control strategies for a parallel two degrees-of-freedom (DOF) flexure-based micropositioning stage for large-range manipulation applications. The motion-guiding beam utilizes a compound hybrid compliant prismatic joint (CHCPJ) composed of corrugated and leaf flexures, ensuring increased compliance in primary directions and optimal stress distribution with minimal longitudinal length. Additionally, a four-beam parallelogram compliant prismatic joint (4BPCPJ) is used to improve the motion decoupling performance by increasing the off-axis to primary stiffness ratio. The mechanism’s output compliance and dynamic characteristics are analyzed using the compliance matrix method and Lagrange approach, respectively. The accuracy of the analysis is verified through finite element analysis (FEA) simulation. In order to examine the mechanism performance, a laser interferometer-based experimental setup is established. In addition, a linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) is developed to enhance the motion quality. Experimental results illustrate that the mechanism has the capability to provide a range of 2.5 mm and a resolution of 0.4 μm in both the X and Y axes. Furthermore, the developed stage has improved trajectory tracking and disturbance rejection capabilities.
Impact of climate change on the seasonal distribution of runoff in mountainous basins in Slovakia

The potential impact of a changed climate on river basin runoff in mountainous regions in Slovakia was evaluated using a simulation of the runoff changes, carried out using a monthly time step. Several basins were selected as representative areas for various types of seasonal runoff distribution. Precipitation and temperature input into the model were spatially averaged over the basin using a geographical information system. The model used two climate scenarios for this impact study. It was calibrated with data from a standard period, considered to be representative for the distribution of runoff in unchanged conditions. All scenarios show a similar trend in monthly runoff changes, with the maximum increase usually occurring in January or February. The biggest discharge decline in the northern basins falls in the spring months, in southern basins the decline shifts to the summer months.
TERRITORIAL DISPARITIES CONCERNING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE TOURIST SERVICES QUALITY IN ROMANIA

The present study aims to achieve a spatial projecting of the disparities in the distribution of the touristic services in Romania, emphasizing the qualitative aspect of this economic activity. Special attention has been paid for the management of the quality of the touristic services and of the management system. These have been analysed by a systemic approach, thus allowing identifying the variable components, which let the decision factors to interfere by means of decisional impulses, which may permit the observance of the quality standards. Achieving the present study was due to the evolution of the touristic phenomenon in Romania. This evolution presents big differences from one region to another, in terms of comparable touristic resources.