Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Building a Wireless Ice Hockey Personnel Management System

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are currently one of the most researched topics in the eld of Computer Science. One particular area in which WSNs are implemented is human health monitoring systems. In such systems, the focus is on wirelessly observing and tracking physiological data such as heart rate, blood-sugar level, stress level and skin temperature. This paper proposes an extension to such health monitoring systems that is tailored to measure human fatigue in the context of sports, namely ice hockey. While commercial products exist to track basic vital health information for a group of people, the presentation and management of this data is not suited for use in live athletic competitions. Additionally, current commercial products are prohibitively expensive, notably wireless respiratory rate monitors. A novel technique involving audio processing is presented to measure respiratory rates without the need for expensive sensors. A complete fatigue management system would assist team managers and trainers in making sound personnel decisions based on real-time physiological data. Additionally, such a monitoring system would add a level of safety for the players; when trainers have the ability to detect life threatening health conditions such as irregular heart patterns or severe dehydration, they can act preemptively and avoid catastrophic events from taking place during a game.
Steganography over video file using Random Byte Hiding and LSB technique

Steganography is an art of hiding the secret information inside digitally covered information. The hidden message can be text, image, speech or even video and accordingly the cover can be chosen from either an image or a video. Here in this paper, the hidden message is text and it is implemented over video file. The traditional well known method uses image as cover which has the limitation of embedding dimension. So, cover should be a video to overcome the limitation of embedding dimension. Nowadays, the use of a video based steganography is common and numbers of steganalysis tools are available to check whether the video is stego-video or not. Most of the tools are checking for information hided by LSB, DCT, Frequency Domain Analysis etc and finds whether the video has hidden or secret data or not. In this paper, LSB and Random Byte Hiding techniques are implemented and MATLAB based implementation is done to simulate the results.
LOCALIZATION OF LIPOPHOSPHONOGLYCAN ON BOTH SIDES OF ACANTHAMOEBA PLASMA MEMBRANE

Recent studies have shown that approximately 30% of the plasma membrane of Acanthamoeba castellanli consists of a complex carbohydrate termed lipophosphonoglycan (6, Il, 13). Lipophosphonoglycan contains about 14% long chain saturated and 2-hydroxy fatty acids, 10% aminophosphonic acids, 3% esterified phosphate, 26% neutral sugars, and 3% amino sugars . The neutral sugars are glucose, mannose, galactose, and xylose in the mole ratio of 5 :4 : I : I, and the amino sugars are galactosamine and glucosamine, 3 : I . Because of this chemical composition it was expected that lipophosphonoglycan would react with stains that are selective for complex carbohydrates . By use of selective stains that can be visualized in the electron microscope we hoped to obtain information about the distribution of lipophosphonoglycan in the ameba plasma membrane . The results with three such stains, concanavalin A, ruthenium red, and phosphotungstic acid-chromic acid, indicate that the sugars and acidic groups of lipophosphonoglycan are exposed at both sides of the Acanthamoeba plasma membrane . Acanthamoeba castellanii (Neff strain) was cultured axenically in 1 . 5% proteose peptone-1 . 5% glucose solution with added vitamins in rotating low-form culture flasks (13) . Plasma membranes were isolated according to procedures described previously (27) . The procedure of Bernhard and Avrameas (3) was used to stain membranes with concanavalin A-horseradish peroxidase (Con A-HRP) . Approximately I mg of unfixed plasma membranes was incubated in 20 ml of 0.01 M Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7 . 4, containing 25 μg/ml of Con A for 25 min followed by two buffer rinses . The membranes were resuspended in the same buffer with I mg/ml HRP for 15 min, washed once in buffer, and fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde for 30 min . The fixative was washed out and the membranes were incubated in 3,3'diaminobenzidine solution for 15 min (8) . The membranes were then pelleted, refixed in 3% glutaraldehyde for l5 min, postfixed in OsO, for I h, and embedded in Epon (14) . The incubations, fixations, and embedments were carried out at room temperature . Control preparations were treated identically except for the addition of 0 . 02 M a-methyl mannoside to the Con A solution 10-20 min before the incubation of the membranes . Whole cells were rinsed twice in 0 . 1 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6 . 8, then once in 0 . 02 M NaCI
Cancelable Voiceprint Templates Based on Knowledge Signatures

Biometric-based authentication can provide strong safety guarantee of user identity, but creates other concerns pertaining to template security. How to prevent the templates from being abused, and how to protect the users' privacy well are important problems. This paper proposes an approach based on knowledge signatures to solve these problems, which provides a cancelable template. Only a non-invertible transformed version of the biometrics is stored in the server, and the original data can't be obtained, so the users' privacy can be protected well. Moreover, distinguished with other cancelable templates, it only needs an incompact association between the key and the biometrics feature, even if the key is disclosed, the original biometrics feature wouldn't be revealed. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is practical.
Synchronization and desynchronization in epilepsy: controversies and hypotheses

Abstract Epilepsy has been historically seen as a functional brain disorder associated with excessive synchronization of large neuronal populations leading to a hypersynchronous state. Recent evidence showed that epileptiform phenomena, particularly seizures, result from complex interactions between neuronal networks characterized by heterogeneity of neuronal firing and dynamical evolution of synchronization. Desynchronization is often observed preceding seizures or during their early stages; in contrast, high levels of synchronization observed towards the end of seizures may facilitate termination. In this review we discuss cellular and network mechanisms responsible for such complex changes in synchronization. Recent work has identified cell‐type‐specific inhibitory and excitatory interactions, the dichotomy between neuronal firing and the non‐local measurement of local field potentials distant to that firing, and the reflection of the neuronal dark matter problem in non‐firing neurons active in seizures. These recent advances have challenged long‐established views and are leading to a more rigorous and realistic understanding of the pathophysiology of epilepsy.
Towards the Design of Robust Inter-domain Routing Protocols ∗

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), the inter-domain routing protocol for the Internet, allows for a wide variety of routing policies that may interact in unintended and unstable ways. Recent work on BGP and related protocols has begun to incorporate formal protocol models, which have enabled rigorous descriptive analyses of BGP. More recently, such models have been used to give prescriptive guidelines for the design of new protocols. These guidelines include both sufficient conditions for good routing behavior and limitations on what can be achieved without coordination between routers. Here we review potential routing problems, various formal protocol models, and the design guidelines that they have been used to prove.
Restoration of Central Programmed Movement Pattern by Temporal Electrical Stimulation-Assisted Training in Patients with Spinal Cerebellar Atrophy

Disrupted triphasic electromyography (EMG) patterns of agonist and antagonist muscle pairs during fast goal-directed movements have been found in patients with hypermetria. Since peripheral electrical stimulation (ES) and motor training may modulate motor cortical excitability through plasticity mechanisms, we aimed to investigate whether temporal ES-assisted movement training could influence premovement cortical excitability and alleviate hypermetria in patients with spinal cerebellar ataxia (SCA). The EMG of the agonist extensor carpi radialis muscle and antagonist flexor carpi radialis muscle, premovement motor evoked potentials (MEPs) of the flexor carpi radialis muscle, and the constant and variable errors of movements were assessed before and after 4 weeks of ES-assisted fast goal-directed wrist extension training in the training group and of general health education in the control group. After training, the premovement MEPs of the antagonist muscle were facilitated at 50 ms before the onset of movement. In addition, the EMG onset latency of the antagonist muscle shifted earlier and the constant error decreased significantly. In summary, temporal ES-assisted training alleviated hypermetria by restoring antagonist premovement and temporal triphasic EMG patterns in SCA patients. This technique may be applied to treat hypermetria in cerebellar disorders. (This trial is registered with NCT01983670.)
Performance Comparison of ILP Machines with Cycle Time Evaluation

Many studies have investigated performance improvement through exploiting instruction-level parallelism (ILP) with a particular architecture. Unfortunately, these studies indicate performance improvement using the number of cycles that are required to execute a program, but do not quantitatively estimate the penalty imposed on the cycle time from the architecture. Since the performance of a microprocessor must be measured by its execution time, a cycle time evaluation is required as well as a cycle count speedup evaluation. Currently, superscalar machines are widely accepted as the machines which achieve the highest performance. On the other hand, because of hardware simplicity and instruction scheduling sophistication, there is a perception that the next generation of microprocessors will be implemented with a VLIW architecture. A simple VLIW machine, however, has a serious weakness regarding speculative execution. Thus, it is a question whether a simple VLIW machine really outperforms a superscalar machine. We recently proposed a mechanism called predicating that supports speculative execution for the VLIW machine, and showed a significant cycle count speedup over a scalar machine. Although the mechanism is simple, it is unknown how much it imposes a penalty on the cycle time, and how much the performance is improved as a result. This paper evaluates both the cycle count speedup and the cycle time for three ILP machines: a superscalar machine, a simple VLIW machine, and the VLIW machine with predicating. The evaluation results show that the simple VLIW machine slightly outperforms the superscalar machine, while the VLIW machine with predicating achieves a significant speedup of 1.41x over the superscalar machine.
Robust AAM Fitting by Fusion of Images and Disparity Data

Active Appearance Models (AAMs) have been popularly used to represent the appearance and shape variations of human faces. Fitting an AAM to images recovers the face pose as well as its deformable shape and varying appearance. Successful fitting requires that the AAM is sufficiently generic such that it covers all possible facial appearances and shapes in the images. Such a generic AAM is often difficult to be obtained in practice, especially when the image quality is low or when occlusion occurs. To achieve robust AAM fitting under such circumstances, this paper proposes to incorporate the disparity data obtained from a stereo camera with the image fitting process. We develop an iterative multi-level algorithm that combines efficient AAM fitting to 2D images and robust 3D shape alignment to disparity data. Experiments on tracking faces in low-resolution images captured from meeting scenarios show that the proposed method achieves better performance than the original 2D AAM fitting algorithm. We also demonstrate an application of the proposed method to a facial expression recognition task.
Individual Differences in Selfishness as a Major Dimension of Personality: A Reinterpretation of the Sixth Personality Factor

Research on the structure of personality has identified a sixth major trait that emerges in addition to the Big Five. This factor has been characterized in a number of ways—as integrity, morality, trustworthiness, honesty, values, and, most commonly, honesty-humility. Although each of these labels captures some of the attributes associated with the trait, none of them fully represents the range of associated characteristics. In this article, we provide a reinterpretation of the sixth factor as reflecting individual differences in selfishness and review research that supports this interpretation. Interpreting the sixth trait as dispositional selfishness parsimoniously represents the array of variables that are associated with the sixth factor and reflects the behaviors of people who score low versus high on the trait. This reinterpretation provides greater coherence to six-factor models of personality and suggests new directions for research on the sixth factor and on dispositional selfishness more generally.
A Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Loci Influencing Height and Other Conformation Traits in Horses

The molecular analysis of genes influencing human height has been notoriously difficult. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for height in humans based on tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of samples so far revealed ∼200 loci for human height explaining only 20% of the heritability. In domestic animals isolated populations with a greatly reduced genetic heterogeneity facilitate a more efficient analysis of complex traits. We performed a genome-wide association study on 1,077 Franches-Montagnes (FM) horses using ∼40,000 SNPs. Our study revealed two QTL for height at withers on chromosomes 3 and 9. The association signal on chromosome 3 is close to the LCORL/NCAPG genes. The association signal on chromosome 9 is close to the ZFAT gene. Both loci have already been shown to influence height in humans. Interestingly, there are very large intergenic regions at the association signals. The two detected QTL together explain ∼18.2% of the heritable variation of height in horses. However, another large fraction of the variance for height in horses results from ECA 1 (11.0%), although the association analysis did not reveal significantly associated SNPs on this chromosome. The QTL region on ECA 3 associated with height at withers was also significantly associated with wither height, conformation of legs, ventral border of mandible, correctness of gaits, and expression of the head. The region on ECA 9 associated with height at withers was also associated with wither height, length of croup and length of back. In addition to these two QTL regions on ECA 3 and ECA 9 we detected another QTL on ECA 6 for correctness of gaits. Our study highlights the value of domestic animal populations for the genetic analysis of complex traits.
On the numerical quadrature of highly‐oscillating integrals I: Fourier transforms

Highly-oscillatory integrals are allegedly difficult to calculate. The main assertion of this paper is that that impression is incorrect. As long as appropriate quadrature methods are used, their accuracy increases when oscillation becomes faster and suitable choice of quadrature points renders this welcome phenomenon more pronounced. We focus our analysis on Filon-type quadrature and analyse its behaviour in a range of frequency regimes for integrals of the form ∫ h 0 f(x)e iωx w(x)dx, where h > 0 is small and |ω| large. Our analysis is applied to modified Magnus methods for highly-oscillatory ordinary differential equations.
Cystatin C: an improved estimator of glomerular filtration rate?

BACKGROUND Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is routinely assessed by measuring the concentrations of endogenous serum markers such as blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (SCr). Although widely used, these endogenous markers are not ideal and do not perform optimally in certain clinical settings. The purpose of this review is to critically review the potential utility of cystatin C (CysC), especially in patient populations in which CysC may have an advantage over routinely used endogenous markers of GFR. APPROACH In a narrative approach, we extensively review publications, primarily from the last 5 years, that address the development of methods to measure CysC, reference intervals, and the diagnostic accuracy of CysC to assess GFR. Between June 2000 and September 2001 Medline was searched using "cystatin c" as a textword, and articles that examined >75 individuals (except for renal transplant studies) and/or used accepted "gold standards" for assessing GFR were selected for inclusion. A total of 17 studies are reviewed that provide reference interval data for several populations. A total of 24 studies make conclusions about the utility of CysC vs SCr and/or creatinine clearance, with 20 providing data on the sensitivity and specificity of CysC for detecting impaired GFR. These publications are organized into subgroups that deal with specific patient populations or clinical situations. CONTENT This review focuses on two areas: (a) the evolution of immunoassays used to determine the concentration of CysC in serum, their analytic sensitivity, and reference intervals; and (b) the diagnostic performance of CysC against other renal markers in the general population and in specific subpopulations of patients. SUMMARY Studies of reference intervals for CysC overwhelmingly demonstrated that CysC values in blood are independent of age and sex. Of the 24 studies that examined clinical utility, 15 concluded that CysC is superior to SCr, whereas 9 concluded that CysC is equivalent but provides no advantage. Summary ROC plot analysis of 20 studies that provide sensitivity and specificity data strongly suggests that CysC will be superior to SCr for detecting impaired GFR. Taken together, it is clear that CysC performs at least as well as SCr in the population at large and that it is likely to be superior to SCr in specific patient populations.
HIGH-PERFORMANCE FLEXIBLE MATRIX COMPOSITE ACTUATORS FOR TRAILING EDGE FLAP CONTROL

Novel smart material and actuator technology will ultimately lead to the development of aerodynamically efficient air vehicles capable of radical shape change that can accomplish various mission types with superior performance. In this research, active skins based upon pressurized flexible matrix composites (FMCs) are investigated for trailing edge flap control of a glider wing. The new active flexible FMC skins consist of embedded pressurized composite tubes in an elastomeric resin. A mathematical model for a single pressurized FMC composite tube is developed and presented. Using the single tube model, a Rule of Mixtures (ROM) is employed to find the effective properties of the multitube active skin. Modeling the top and bottom skins of the trailing edge as active FMC skins, the effective parameters are used to derive the equations for bending and axial extension of the active material using Hamilton’s Principle. The two-dimensional vortex panel method is utilized for estimating the aerodynamic loading on the trailing edge flaps. From the mathematical representation of the FMC trailing edge flaps with aerodynamic loading, analysis is performed for insight and design.
Speech-to-speech Translation: the Project Verbmobil

1 Summary The research project Verbmobil combines the research branches of continuous speech recognition and machine translation. A consortium of more than 20 universities and 8 companies in Germany as well as two partner institutes in USA and Japan is enganged in the development of a system for translation of spontaneous and continuous speech input to speech output. In the rst phase the language pair German and Japanese has been chosen with English as a presentation language (to check the translation quality). The domain of discourse is appointment scheduling. The nal application may be an appointment negotiation among two industrial managers from Japan and Germany. In the second project phase the domain will be extended to include travel planning discussions. There exists a prototype implementation integrating the modules of the partners. Additional background research has been carried out to investigate prablems e.g. of dialogue and discourse modelling , stochastic parsing and innovative software architectures. This paper gives an overview of the project, its goals and results. It describes in more details research done on integrative architectures. 2 Aims of the project Verbmobil combines research activities in continuous speech recognition and in machine translation. It tries to develop a speech-to-speech translation prototype as a feasibility study. The methods to achieve this goal vary among the partners and result in rather heterogeneous modules. Especially in syntax, rule based approaches (mostly \deep" analysis) vs. stochastic approaches (mostly \shal-low" understanding components) are tested and reened in parallel. This fact reeects not only the current situation in computational linguistics but may also stem from diierent cognitive theories about holistic understanding. To handle such heterogeneous components a lot of research has been done on innovative architectures The technical aim at the end of the rst project phase is: 70 % approximately correct translation (end-to-end) on unknown examples within the domain of appointment scheduling and within the lexical set of the given 2285 words.
Women's experiences of perinatal mental health : a qualitative exploration of women's experiences of mental health during pregnancy and a review of women's views of peer support interventions and their effectiveness

A concise and factual abstract is required. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but if essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself. Graphical
Diet-induced obesity causes peripheral and central ghrelin resistance by promoting inflammation

Ghrelin, a stomach-derived orexigenic peptide, transmits starvation signals to the hypothalamus via the vagus afferent nerve. Peripheral administration of ghrelin does not induce food intake in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. We investigated whether this ghrelin resistance was caused by dysfunction of the vagus afferent pathway. Administration (s.c.) of ghrelin did not induce food intake, suppression of oxygen consumption, electrical activity of the vagal afferent nerve, phosphorylation of ERK2 and AMP-activated protein kinase alpha in the nodose ganglion, or Fos expression in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of mice fed a HFD for 12 weeks. Administration of anti-ghrelin IgG did not induce suppression of food intake in HFD-fed mice. Expression levels of ghrelin receptor mRNA in the nodose ganglion and hypothalamus of HFD-fed mice were reduced. Inflammatory responses, including upregulation of macrophage/microglia markers and inflammatory cytokines, occurred in the nodose ganglion and hypothalamus of HFD-fed mice. A HFD blunted ghrelin signaling in the nodose ganglion via a mechanism involving in situ activation of inflammation. These results indicate that ghrelin resistance in the obese state may be caused by dysregulation of ghrelin signaling via the vagal afferent.