Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Five Facets of Musical Expression: A Psychologist's Perspective on Music Performance

The aim of this article is to outline a psychological approach to expression in music performance that could help to provide a solid foundation for the teaching of expressive skills in music education. Drawing on previous research, the author suggests that performance expression is best conceptualized as a multi-dimensional phenomenon consisting of five primary components: (a) Generative rules that function to clarify the musical structure; (b) Emotional expression that serves to convey intended emotions to listeners; (c) Random variations that reflect human limitations with regard to internal time-keeper variance and motor delays; (d) Motion principles that prescribe that some aspects of the performance (e.g. timing) should be shaped in accordance with patterns of biological motion; and (e) Stylistic unexpectedness that involves local deviations from performance conventions. An analysis of performance expression in terms of these five components - collectively referred to as the GERMS model - has important implications for research and teaching of music performance.
Implementing Investors in People: a case study from the NHS

The National Health Service (NHS) is the largest employer in the UK and has a diverse workforce with many different professional groups. This can make introducing a planned programme of change a complex and difficult task. Examines the process in the shape of Investors in People (IIP) within a public sector context. The findings come from a case study of a successful IIP project in a combined acute and community trust hospital. Drawing largely on direct experience of managing an IIP project, interview, survey and documentary evidence, the paper concludes by exploring the question of whether the IIP standard can be used as a tool for managing change and if it is sophisticated enough to reach a diverse workforce.
What programmers really want: results of a needs assessment for SDK documentation

This paper steps the reader through a needs assessment of programmers that was conducted by instructional designers. The assessment's purpose was to identify what learning support programmers need and want to successfully use a new software development kit (SDK). The paper includes the challenges the researchers encountered, the questions asked and the responses, the types of individuals interviewed, and the conclusions reached from the research. Recommendations also are presented. Those responsible with developing documentation, training, and other learning support systems for programmers may find this assessment helpful. Marketing, product development and customer support people may also find value in learning more about the needs of this unique audience.
Evaluating Social Skills of Sexual Aggressives

A frequently overlooked element of any rapist or child molester's behavior is his social skills. We know that some sexual aggressives are very adept at interacting socially with a female, expressing themselves to others, requesting others to change their behavior, and accurately empathizing or appreciating the feeling states of others. On the other hand, some sexual aggressives are unable to maintain an adequate social interaction with an adult female, are unable to assert themselves appropriately with others, and, finally, some are cold and indifferent to others' feelings. In the past, these skills deficits have been viewed as characteristic of aggressives, but no formal means of evaluating or treating these deficits was available. In recent years behavioral approaches have begun to identify those behaviors that reflect good social skills. Concomitantly, skills training, a reeducative approach to teaching new skills, has been applied to a diverse group of clients, ranging from shy college students to inappropriately aggressive business executives. More recently these same skills assessment and training techniques have been applied to sexual deviates, and even more recently to sexual aggressives. The article by Becker, Abel, Blanchard, Murphy, and Coleman outlines the current means of assessing various social skills and applying skills training treatments to sexual aggressives when needed. A major finding was that treatment in one skills area does not generalize into other skills areas. That is, specific skills deficits must be resolved by treatment to improve that very deficit, since generalization from other skills areas is minimal. Finally, the interrelationship between various social skills deficits and rape behavior has to be worked out. Self-report measures confirm that in some rapists and child molesters, a close correlation exists between failures in the social skills area and increased urges to rape or molest, but this relationship is far from absolutely clear.
PBX2 and PBX3, new homeobox genes with extensive homology to the human proto-oncogene PBX1

Two new homeobox genes, PBX2 and PBX3, were isolated on the basis of their extensive homology to PBX1, a novel human homeobox gene involved in t(1;19) translocation in acute pre-B-cell leukemias. The predicted Pbx2 and Pbx3 proteins are 92 and 94% identical to Pbx1 over a large region of 266 amino acids within and flanking their homeodomains, but all three proteins diverge significantly near their amino and carboxy termini. Chromosome in situ hybridizations demonstrated that the PBX genes are not clustered but map to separate chromosomal loci: PBX1, 1q23; PBX2, 3q22-23; PBX3, 9q33-34. Expression of PBX2 or PBX3 was not restricted to particular states of differentiation or development, as mRNA transcripts of these genes were detected in most fetal and adult tissues and all cell lines, unlike PBX1, which is not expressed in lymphoid cell lines. Similar to PBX1 RNA, PBX3 RNA is alternatively spliced to yield two translation products with different carboxy termini, a feature not observed for PBX2. Their extensive sequence similarity and widespread expression suggest a generalized, overlapping role for Pbx proteins in most cell types. Differences in their amino and carboxy termini may modulate their activities, mediated in part by differential splicing and, for PBX1, protein fusion following t(1;19) chromosomal translocation.
How Instructional Coaches Support Data-Driven Decision Making

This article examines the convergence of two popular school improvement policies: instructional coaching and data-driven decision making (DDDM). Drawing on a mixed methods study of a statewide reading coach program in Florida middle schools, the article examines how coaches support DDDM and how this support relates to student and teacher outcomes. Authors find that although the majority of coaches spent time helping teachers analyze student data to guide instruction, data support was one among many coach activities. Estimates from models indicate that data analysis support, nevertheless, has a significant association with both perceived improvements in teaching and higher student achievement.
Integrating Usage Control with SIP-Based Communications

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a signaling protocol used for establishing and maintaining communication sessions involving two or more participants. SIP was initially designed for voice over IP and multimedia conferencing, and then was extended to support other services such as instant messaging and presence management. Today, SIP is also adopted to be used with 3G wireless networks, thus it becomes an integral protocol for ubiquitous environment. SIP has various methods that support a variety of applications such as subscribing to a service, notification of an event, status update, and location and presence services. However, when it comes to security, the use of wireless and mobile communication technologies and the pervasive nature of this environment introduce higher risks to security than that of the old simple environment. In this paper, we introduce new architecture that implements a new type of access control called usage access control (UCON) to control the access to the SIP-based communication at preconnection, during connection, and postconnection. This will enable prescribers of SIP services to control who can identify their locations to approve or disapprove their subsequent connections, and to also set some parameters to determine whether a certain communication can continue or should terminate.
Managing Understandings: Politics, Symbolism, Niche Marketing and the Quest for Legitimacy in IT Implementation

This paper focuses on the political processes through which legitimacy was sought for a large information technology system by its sponsors and key supporters. It is suggested that this was accomplished by means of a niche marketing campaign in which key stakeholder groups were fed radically differ ent explanations regarding the motivations which prompted investment in the system and its likely implications for them and the organization. The system was legitimated by a combination of 'rational' arguments which appealed to stakeholder self-interest and cultural norms, control over the flow of informa tion, and symbolic action. The research contribution this paper makes is to illustrate the symbolic and political processes, some of which can be inter preted as hypocritical, by which a select group attempted to manipulate other actors' understandings of a large and complex IT system.
Extraction And Determination Of Physico-Chemical Properties Of Watermelon Seed Oil (Citrullus Lanatus L) For Relevant Uses

Oil extract from a number of fruits, nuts and seeds are used in cooking, soap making and as ingredient in confectioneries of baked or fried foods. Seeds of many edible fruit are often thrown out as waste despite. They are important source of edible oils and potential source of high quality protein and vitamins. Dried and pulverized watermelon seed (Citrullus lanatus L), family Cucurbitaceae was extracted with solvent extraction method using hexane solvent at 60-70 o C. The physiochemical properties estimated for the extracted oil include Acid Value, Saponification value, Iodine value, Percentage oil content, Moisture content, Specific Gravity, Refractive Index, Viscosity and PH with values of 2.37 mgNaOH/g, 183.13 mgNaOH/g, 121.51 Wijs, 45.77%, 2.04%, 0.85, 1.47, 2.48 St and 6.40 respectively. The yield of 41.32±0.5% per 100gm of pulverised seed was appreciable and could be used domestically for commercial purposes and as complimentary vegetable oil rather than as waste where the crop is grown in abundance.
A randomized study on migration of the Spectron EF and the Charnley flanged 40 cemented femoral components using radiostereometric analysis at 2 years

Background and purpose We performed a randomized study to determine the migration patterns of the Spectron EF femoral stem and to compare them with those of the Charnley stem, which is regarded by many as the gold standard for comparison of implants due to its extensive documentation. Patients and methods 150 patients with a mean age of 70 years were randomized, single-blinded, to receive either a cemented Charnley flanged 40 monoblock, stainless steel, vaquasheen surface femoral stem with a 22.2-mm head (n = 30) or a cemented Spectron EF modular, matte, straight, collared, cobalt-chrome femoral stem with a 28-mm femoral head and a roughened proximal third of the stem (n = 120). The patients were followed with repeated radiostereometric analysis for 2 years to assess migration. Results At 2 years, stem retroversion was 2.3° and 0.7° (p < 0.001) and posterior translation was 0.44 mm and 0.17 mm (p = 0.002) for the Charnley group (n = 26) and the Spectron EF group (n = 74), respectively. Subsidence was 0.26 mm for the Charnley and 0.20 mm for the Spectron EF (p = 0.5). Interpretation The Spectron EF femoral stem was more stable than the Charnley flanged 40 stem in our study when evaluated at 2 years. In a report from the Norwegian arthroplasty register, the Spectron EF stem had a higher revision rate due to aseptic loosening beyond 5 years than the Charnley. Initial stability is not invariably related to good long-term results. Our results emphasize the importance of prospective long-term follow-up of prosthetic implants in clinical trials and national registries and a stepwise introduction of implants.
Logical limitations to the “catastrophe” models of fatigue during exercise in humans

A central debate in the exercise sciences is the cause of the fatigue that develops especially during high intensity exercise of short duration. The most popular theory holds that this form of exercise is limited by a peripherally based, metabolite induced failure of skeletal muscle contractile function, independent of reduced muscle activation by the central nervous system; so-called peripheral fatigue. This theory arose originally from studies undertaken by Nobel Laureate Sir Archibald Vivian Hill and colleagues in Manchester, UK in the 1920s. In turn, their interpretations were crucially influenced by the earlier 1907 findings of Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins, Nobel Laureate for his discovery of the vitamins, and Walter Morley Fletcher. The original model of Hill and his colleagues proposed that performance during exercise of high intensity was limited by skeletal muscle anaerobiosis that developed as the result of a limiting skeletal muscle blood flow, following the onset of myocardial ischaemia. Such skeletal muscle anaerobiosis ultimately prevented the neutralization of the lactic acid that, Hill believed, initiated muscle contraction. The resulting lactic acid accumulation impaired skeletal muscle relaxation, causing the (involuntary) termination of exercise. The evolutionary progression of this model led to the “catastrophe theory” of Richard Edwards, which posits that exercise terminates when the physiological and biochemical limits of the body are exceeded, causing a catastrophic failure of intracellular homeostasis. This paper addresses six hallmark physiological requirements that must be correct if Hill’s cardiovascular/ anaerobic/catastrophic model is the exclusive explanation for the fatigue that develops during maximum exercise to exhaustion. This leads to a review of the evidence supporting other, related “catastrophe” models that have been developed to explain fatigue during exercise of lower intensities and longer durations. It is concluded that there is little published evidence supporting the theory that fatigue occurs only after physiological homeostasis fails according to the prediction of these catastrophe models. Rather, it is proposed that fatigue in any form of exercise may form part of a regulated, anticipatory response co-ordinated in the subconscious brain. The ultimate goal of this regulation is to preserve homeostasis in all physiological systems during exercise, regardless of intensity or duration or the environmental conditions in which it is undertaken.
Accurate Prediction for Atomic-Level Protein Design Implies High Similarity in the Near-Optimal Sequence Space

The task of engineering a protein to assume a target three-dimensional structure is known as protein design. Computational search algorithms are devised to predict a minimal energy amino acid sequence for a particular structure. In practice, however, an ensemble of low energy sequences is often sought. Primarily, this is performed since an individual predicted low energy sequence may not necessarily fold to the target structure due to both inaccuracies in modeling protein energetics and the non-optimal nature of search algorithms employed. Additionally, some low energy sequences may be overly stable and thus lack the dynamic flexibility required for biological functionality. In this paper, we present a conceptually novel algorithm that rapidly predicts the set of lowest energy sequences. Based on the theory of probabilistic graphical models, it performs efficient inspection and partitioning of the near-optimal sequence space, without making any assumptions of positional independence. We benchmark its performance on a diverse set of relevant protein design examples and show that it consistently yields sequences of lower energy than those derived from state-of-the-art techniques. Furthermore, examination of the predicted ensembles indicates that, for each structure, the amino acid identity at a majority of positions must be chosen extremely selectively so as to not incur significant energetic penalties. We investigate this high degree of similarity and demonstrate how more diverse near-optimal sequences can be predicted in order to overcome this bottleneck for computational design. Finally, we exploit this in-depth analysis of a collection of the lowest energy sequences to suggest an explanation for previously observed experimental design results. The novel methodologies introduced here accurately portray the sequence space compatible with a protein structure and further supply a scheme to yield heterogeneous low energy sequences, thus providing a powerful instrument for future work on protein design.
Predictors of Workplace Accommodations for Employees With Mobility-Related Disabilities

Our understanding of reasonable accommodations in the workplace is incomplete. Frequently, research on disability either neglects issues of accommodation or examines the receipt of any accommodation, without specifying type. However, people with disabilities need specific accommodations, not any accommodation. This article uses comprehensive models to test the predictors of four types of accommodations received by employees with mobility-related disabilities. Overall, the results show that different factors predicted receipt of different types of accommodations. Furthermore, factors that facilitate or constrain an employer's capacity to make particular accommodations were more powerful predictors than an individual's need for accommodation or socioeconomic status.
Extending WebDAV With Multiple-Granularity Locking

In distributed Web authoring, shared documents can be accessed concurrently by multiple authors who must be coordinated to avoid conflicts. The current Web standard for distributed authoring and versioning uses a two-phase locking to coordinate concurrent access. As the degree to which authors work concurrently may vary though among cooperative sessions, it is necessary to extend the aforementioned standard so as to support a multitude of lock granularity levels. In this paper, we first examine related protocols from the database literature, and then, we comment on their suitability for distributed authoring in the World Wide Web. Our main contribution is a multiple-granularity locking protocol, in which the locks are optional and they convey the meanings of access mode, locking scope, and locking effect. This protocol allows synchronous collaboration by guaranteeing a conflict-free environment and avoiding update loss while it also supports version control. Specifically, by identifying and timestamping object versions, the protocol preserves author intention and operation causality, which were possible so far with operational transformation only. The protocol's efficiency, finally, is demonstrated by a real test with human users and evaluated with simulation experiments, which reveal significant advantages over other protocols of this kind.
Consumption Conundrum of Bottled Water in India

The rapid growth in consumption of bottled water across the globe has drawn attention of policy makers and academicians alike. However, its consumption practices have been examined primarily in the context of industrialized countries. Drawing on studies of Science, Technology and Society, Public Understanding of Science, and institutions, this article explores the nuances of the consumption conundrum of bottled water in India. This mixed method study relies on data collected through surveys and ethnography of consumption practices at selected sites in Delhi. We find reasons for bottled water consumption to vary with the site of consumption. Although the notions of “purity” and “scarcity” drive consumption behavior, these attributes are far from being objective. Rather, they are shaped by a complex mix of sociocultural factors, public understanding of science, and trust on various institutional mechanisms of water provisioning.
Efficient use of the grammar scale factor to classify incorrect words in speech recognition verification

The goal of verification in speech recognition systems is to detect words in the hypothesized sentence that are likely to have been misrecognized. This decision can be based on the persistence of the different words in the output of the speech recognizer when some recognition parameter is varied. To this end, a parameter that proves particularly adequate is the so called grammar scale factor (which balances acoustic and language model scores). The main disadvantage of this method is that it needs to repeat the recognition process many times. In the paper, after formulating it as a statistical pattern classification problem, we show how to speed-up this method, so that less than two average repetitions of the recognition process are enough to achieve essentially the same verification performance as with the many more repetitions needed by the original proposal.
Mediodorsal Thalamic Lesions Impair Long-Term Visual Associative Memory in Macaques

This study investigates the role of the pontine grey as a link between the auditory system and the cerebellum in the bat, Rhinolophus rouxi. We recorded response properties of single neurons in the pontine grey and, in the same preparation, injected wheat germ agglutinin horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) in areas responsive to sound. Thus the functional evidence was correlated with retrograde and anterograde transport. The main results are: (i) all auditory neurons in the pontine grey are tuned within one of two harmonically related frequency ranges of the echolocation call. The upper range corresponds to the constant frequency and frequency modulated components of the second harmonic, but the lower range corresponds only to the frequency modulated component of the first harmonic. There is no systematic tonotopic organization; (ii) discharge patterns are extremely variable, latencies cover a wide range, and about half of the neurons are binaurally responsive with excitation from both ears; (iii) most pontine auditory neurons respond preferentially to frequency modulated stimuli; (iv) there is massive input to the pontine grey from the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus; (v) cortical input to the pontine grey does not originate in tonotopically organized auditory cortex. The input is from a dorsal belt area that is specialized for processing combinations of sounds with specific frequency ratios and delays; (vi) projections from the auditory region of the pontine grey are widespread within the cerebellar cortex. The data suggest that the pontine grey transmits to the cerebellum information contained in specific components of the bat's biosonar signal.
Cultural Mistrust and Mental Health Services for African Americans

The underutilization of mental health services by African Americans may be due, in part, to their cultural mistrust. The purpose of this article is twofold: (a) to conduct a meta-analysis of the correlations between cultural mistrust in African Americans and their attitudes and behaviors related to mental health services use, comparing them to the correlations between cultural mistrust and measures relevant to other psychosocial domains, and (b) to test some methodological hypotheses about the Cultural Mistrust Inventory, the most popular measure of cultural mistrust. The meta-analysis suggests that the negative effects of Blacks’ cultural mistrust in interracial situations are not unique to counseling and psychotherapy but represent a broader perspective. The meta-analysis also suggests that development of the Cultural Mistrust Inventory with a male-only college sample did not compromise its external validity. The implications of these results for the provision of mental health services to African Americans are discussed.