Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RELACIÓN ENTRE LA DENSIDAD ESTOMÁTICA, LA TRANSPIRACIÓN Y LAS CONDICIONES AMBIENTALES EN FEIJOA (Acca sellowiana [O. BERG] BURRET)

Pineapple guava is a plant with a high adaptation to environmental conditions of the Andean region. Although there exists an increased national and international demand, there are many physiological aspects that still need to be known. This study aimed to evaluate the transpiration rate, the density of stomata, and the associated environmental factors in the upper and lower stratum of the tree crown of the pineapple guava crop in Tibana municipality (Boyaca, Colombia), under open air conditions. Measurements were made of leaf temperature, transpiration rate, irradiance and relative humidity (RH) in two strata during 7 daily hours (8:00, 9:00, 10:00, 11:00, 12:00, 13:00 and 14:00 h). The upper stratum showed a higher transpiration rate and a major average number of stomata, 91/mm2 vs. 78/mm2 in the lower stratum. Leaf transpiration increased directly with increasing temperature (more in the upper stratum than in the lower stratum) and with the irradiance; while transpiration increased as the relative humidity decreased.
Dot-product engine as computing memory to accelerate machine learning algorithms

Currently, intense work is underway to develop memristor crossbar arrays for high density, nonvolatile memory applications. However, another capability of memristor crossbars - natural dot-product operation for vectors and matrices - holds even greater potential for next-generation computing, including accelerators, neuromorphic computing, and heterogeneous computing. In this paper, we present a dot-product engine (DPE) based on memristor crossbars optimized for dense matrix computation, which is dominated in most machine learning algorithms. We explored multiple methods to enhance DPE's dot-product computing accuracy. Moreover, instead of training crossbars, we try to directly use existing software-trained weight matrices on DPEs so no heroic effort is needed to innovate learning algorithms for new hardware. Our results show that computations utilizing DPEs can achieve 1000 ~ 10000 times better speed-efficiency product comparing to a state-of-art ASIC [1]. And machine learning algorithm utilizing DPEs can easily achieve software-level accuracy on testing. Both experimental demonstrations and data-calibrated circuit simulations are presented to demonstrate the realistic implementation of a memristor crossbar DPE.
Migration patterns and income change: implications for the human capital approach to migration: reply.

sideration of specific SMSA destinations rather than a census region; study of more recent migration using the 1970 Census; and analysis of West-North and North-North migrants as well as South-North movers. The basic income change patterns observed in other studies are found to hold in our data for West-East as well as South-North migrants, while a different pattern holds for movers within the North. These findings cast doubt upon conclusions drawn from simple human capital models of migration processes. A more complex alternate hypothesis applying a job-search model is advanced. This approach is found to explain observed migration patterns and it suggests that rates of return to migration may have been seriously overstated by past studies. Other implications of the job-search model for migration flows are tested and found to hold. The first two sections of this paper describe human capital models of migration along with empirical results that appear to be in conflict with the theory. The third section presents a job-search model that is consistent with observed empirical relationships. Tests of the implications of the job-search model appear in the next two sections. These find
Framework and meta-model for specifying business components

Purpose – Component‐based software development is a potential reuse paradigm for the future. While the required technologies for a component‐style system development are widely available (e.g. Sun's Enterprise Java Beans), the breakthrough of the component paradigm in business application domains is impeded by the following problem: compared with traditional engineering disciplines there is a lack of standardized methods to describe business components. The objective of this paper is to develop a holistic approach to specify business components.Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, a design science approach is used. Based on well‐known specification notations, a new specification framework is proposed. The usefulness of the framework is demonstrated by an example.Findings – It is argued that a specification framework for business components has to address several aspects: what services are offered and requested by a business component? How can these services be used? Are there any interdependencies.
Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY): A New Challenge for Pediatric Diabetologists

The differential diagnosis of hyperglycemia in childhood and adolescence has to take into consideration early-onset non-insulin-dependent diabetes, defined as maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY). To date, mutations in genes of five proteins have been shown to cause MODY: glucokinase (MODY2), hepatic nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF-1 alpha) (MODY3), hepatic nuclear factor-4 alpha (HNF-4 alpha) (MODY1), insulin promoter factor 1 (IPF-1) (MODY4) and hepatic nuclear factor-1 beta (HNF-1 beta) (MODY5), but other MODY genes still await elucidation. Clinical and metabolic heterogeneity of these subtypes of type 2 diabetes need to be defined, as deficiency of each factor has its own phenotype. Pediatric diabetologists should be aware of the increasing importance of MODY as a possible cause of hyperglycemia in children and adolescents. This will allow for the early diagnosis of these metabolic conditions and for the appropriate follow-up and treatment.
Prediction of burden in family caregivers of patients with dementia: A perspective of optimism based on generalized expectancies of control

The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of burden for informal caregivers of patients with dementia. Based on a multidimensional approach of the optimism model proposed by Palenzuela, we assessed the moderating role of generalized expectancies of control (GEC) between caregiver stress and burden. A total of 130 patients with dementia and their main family caregivers were assessed from different rural areas of the province of Salamanca (Spain). Patients with dementia underwent a protocol to assess dementia stage, cognitive–functional impairment and behavioural symptoms. Meanwhile, the 20-item Battery of Generalized Expectancies of Control Scales of Palenzuela was completed by the family caregivers. Clinical variables of patients with dementia (progression and behavioural disorders) and GEC (success, self-efficacy, contingency, helplessness and luck) were considered as potential predictors of burden in the hierarchical regression analysis. The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) Scale was used as an outcome measure. The results indicated that the clinical variables could not predict burden in caregivers significantly; however, beliefs in personal abilities (self-efficacy) and internal locus of control (contingency) explained up to 32% of the variance in the ZBI scores. Family caregivers with high expectancies of self-efficacy and contingency are less vulnerable to stress. This research supports a base for interventions with informal caregivers and further study.
Synaptic arrangements between inner hair cells and tunnel fibers in the mouse cochlea

Hair cells, the sensory cells of the organ of Corti, receive afferent innervation from the spiral ganglion neurons and efferent innervation from the superior olivary complex. The inner and outer hair cells are innervated by distinctive fiber systems. Our electron microscopical studies demonstrate, however, that inner hair cells, in addition to their own innervation, are also synaptically engaged with the fibers destined specifically to innervate outer hair cells, within both the afferent and efferent innervation. Serial sections of the afferent tunnel fibers (destined to innervate outer hair cells) in the apical turn demonstrate that, while crossing toward the tunnel of Corti, they receive en passant synapses from inner hair cells. Each inner hair cell (in a series of five in the apical turn) was innervated by two tunnel fibers, one on each side. We show here for the first time that, in the adult, the afferent tunnel fibers receive a ribbon synapse from inner hair cells and form reciprocal contacts on their spines. Vesiculated efferent fibers from the inner pillar bundle (which carries the innervation to outer hair cells) form triadic synapses with inner hair cells and their synaptic afferent dendrites; the vesiculated terminals of the lateral olivocochlear fibers from the inner spiral bundle synapse extensively on the afferent tunnel fibers, forming triadic synapses with both afferent tunnel fibers and their synaptic inner hair cells. This intense synaptic activity involving inner hair cells and both afferent and efferent tunnel fibers, at their crossroad, implies functional connections between both inner and outer hair cells in the process of hearing. Synapse 52:299–315, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association between polymorphisms in cell cycle genes and advanced prostate carcinoma

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with a variety of malignancies including prostate carcinoma (PCa). Since a high percentage of PCa patients have low risk disease, of particular interest is not whether SNPs are associated with localized PCa, but whether they are associated with aggressive, potentially lethal disease. Herein, we explored the role of SNPs in cell cycle genes to determine if they were associated with advanced PCa.
Instructions energy consumption on a heterogeneous multicore platform

Today more than ever, energy and power distribution on heterogeneous multicore platforms have immense influence on hardware and software architectures because of general tendencies towards energy efficient solutions. This paper provides an insight into the overall energy and power distribution on an ultra-low power heterogeneous multicore platform designed for hearing aids, especially focusing on energy dissipation that is caused by instructions execution. This research has been conducted in order to provide instruction set energy profile that could be used during instructions selection for both developer and compiler. Also, information about instructions energy consumption could be used for power profiling of entire firmware solutions, therefore providing valuable feedback to developers. Experiments have been conducted using customized Eclipse based Integrated Development Environment (IDE), the toolchain (Compiler, Assembler, Linker) developed for that particular target platform, and true RMS multimeter used for measurements. The outcome of the experiments has unequivocally confirmed that the obtained instruction set energy profile provides reliable information that could be used in various ways.
A Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Mianserin and Amitriptyline in Depressive Inpatients

As with other second-generation antidepressants, the antidepressive efficacy of mianserin was investigated in double-blind control group studies, mostly under outpatient conditions. This study tested the antidepressive efficacy and safety of mianserin as compared to amitriptyline in a sample of 51 depressed inpatients suffering from major depression. No statistically significant difference was found with regard to the main efficacy outcome criterion, the HAMD. The tolerability results demonstrated a superiority of mianserin with respect to vegetative symptoms and especially with respect to dryness of the mouth.
News and Prices Divorce: Investment Strategies from Behavioral Finance

In this research letter we outline the interesting results of the new frontier of interdisciplinary field of behavioural finance and complex interacting systems. Indeed, empirical analysis of financial markets has shown number of stylized facts such as heavy tails or volatility "bursts" which are difficult to explain in terms of evolution of fundamental economic variables. The non-Gaussian, non-stable character of empirical distributions, such as excess demand or stock returns, demonstrate the weakness of any "independent agent" approach to model the real market. Extending the work of Bornholdt and extending the Brock and Durlauf work, we sketch the interest of analyzing stylized toy models of interacting agents whose payoff exhibit both a strategic complementarity with their nearest neighbors actions and an eventual global substitutability with the global market state. This approach may allows a deeper understanding of market dynamics in the quest of potential market inefficiencies to be exploited in Hedge Funds investment strategies.
New epoxy composite insulating material with nano fillers and micro fillers of silica with higher thermal conductivity

This article describes the influence of thermal properties of materials to properties of electrical insulating systems (EIS) in electrical rotating machines. Multi-component composite materials combine the advantage of the individual materials, and allow generate new materials with better properties than those of individual components (the synergistic effect). The objective of this experiment is to improve the thermal and electrical properties of epoxy composites using nano fillers and micro fillers of silica 1% (SiO<sub>2</sub> supplementing fillers of silica with better thermal conductivity (1,5 (W·m<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup>)) to the electrical insulating systems with typical values of thermal conductivity λ = 0,2 (W·m<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup>) can be modified (to increase) of its thermal conductivity [1], [7]. The electrical insulating systems consists of glass cloth (λ = 0,6 - 1,2 (W·m<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup>)), an epoxy resin (binder) (λ = 0,2 (W·m<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup>)) and a standard mica paper (λ = 0,3 - 0,6 (W·m<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup>)) [1], [18]. Fillers with low thermal conductivity form a barrier to the flow path of heat from the beginning (from winding) in the electrical device to the cooling medium. Furthermore, this article describes the electrical properties of nanocomposites based on epoxy resin filled of nano particles of hydrophobic and hydrophilic silica (1%).
Financial Development and The Aggregate Savings Rates: A Hump-Shaped Relationship

This study has documented a hump-shaped empirical relationship between financial development and the national saving rate across 12 East Asian and 31 OECD economies. An incomplete-market model featuring both heterogeneous households and heterogeneous firms is provided to explain this hump-shaped relationship. The key insight of the model is that financial development tends to reduce the precautionary-saving incentives of households but increase firms ability to borrow and invest. As a result, the aggregate saving rate may rise initially with financial development because of greater investment by fi rms, but then declines with further financial development because of substantially reduced precautionary savings by households. The model also predicts that the market interest rate lies substantially below the rate of return to capital in emerging economies, but the gap diminishes with fi nancial development, as observed in the data.
Molecular mechanisms of resistance to cetuximab and panitumumab in colorectal cancer.

Personalized cancer medicine based on the genetic milieu of individual colorectal tumors has long been postulated, but until recently this concept was not supported by clinical evidence. The advent of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) -targeted monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab has paved the way to the individualized treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Here we discuss the evidence that mCRCs respond differently to EGFR-targeted agents and that the tumor-specific response has a genetic basis. We outline how, from the initial observation that cetuximab or panitumumab as monotherapy is effective only in 10% to 20% of mCRCs, knowledge has being gained on the molecular mechanisms underlying primary resistance to these agents. The role of oncogenic activation of EGFR downstream effectors such as KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and PTEN on response to therapy is discussed. We suggest that CRCs lacking oncogenic alterations in these four genes have the highest probability of response to anti-EGFR therapies and are defined as "quadruple negative. " The rapid and effective translation of these findings into predictive biomarkers to couple EGFR-targeted antibodies to the patients who benefit from them is presented as a paradigm of modern clinical oncology. Finally, unresolved questions such as understanding the molecular basis of response as well the mechanisms of secondary resistance are presented as the future fundamental goals in this research field.
Overcoming the Barriers of International Chinese Direct to Consumer E-commerce: The Case of Ali Express

This paper offers detailed insight into the growing phenomenon of Chinese E-commerce directed towards sales in the United States. Such ventures appear to be growing strongly in popularity and have the potential to open up greater choice as well as the boon of lower prices to consumers. Despite these potential advantages, significant barriers exist due to differences in geography, language and culture. This paper uses website statistics, social media statistics, and consumer review data to offer a detailed identification and discussion of these barriers along with potential solutions and insights for future research into the area.
Increased kidney and liver insulin-like growth factor II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor concentration in experimental diabetes in rats.

Diabetic renal hypertrophy is preceded by a transient increase in kidney insulin-like growth factor I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein concentration suggesting a renotropic function in diabetic kidney growth. In order to further examine the possible involvement of the insulin-like growth factor system in initial diabetic kidney growth, we have studied the expression of the kidney insulin-like growth factor II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor during the first 4 days after induction of diabetes in rats. Using a specific antiserum (#3637) raised against the insulin-like growth factor II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor of rat chondrosarcoma a specific band with an apparent molecular weight of 220 kDa was identified in Western blotting experiments with kidney and liver protein extracts. In untreated diabetic rats a transient increase of the kidney and liver insulin-like growth factor II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor concentration was measured 24-48 h after the induction of diabetes (mean increase in kidney 140% and liver 112%, n = 5). This increase was followed by a subsequent decrease in the insulin-like growth factor II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor protein concentration after 3-4 days of diabetes. Insulin treatment prevented the rise both in kidney and liver tissue. Kidney weight in untreated diabetic rats increased by 25% after 4 days. In conclusion, the present study shows a transient increase of insulin-like growth factor II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor concentration in hypertrophying diabetic kidneys and in diabetic livers, contemporarily with the previously described increase in kidney insulin-like growth factor I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein content. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Density-dependent changes in effective area occupied for sea-bottom-associated marine fishes

The spatial distribution of marine fishes can change for many reasons, including density-dependent distributional shifts. Previous studies show mixed support for either the proportional-density model (PDM; no relationship between abundance and area occupied, supported by ideal-free distribution theory) or the basin model (BM; positive abundance–area relationship, supported by density-dependent habitat selection theory). The BM implies that fishes move towards preferred habitat as the population declines. We estimate the average relationship using bottom trawl data for 92 fish species from six marine regions, to determine whether the BM or PDM provides a better description for sea-bottom-associated fishes. We fit a spatio-temporal model and estimate changes in effective area occupied and abundance, and combine results to estimate the average abundance–area relationship as well as variability among taxa and regions. The average relationship is weak but significant (0.6% increase in area for a 10% increase in abundance), whereas only a small proportion of species–region combinations show a negative relationship (i.e. shrinking area when abundance increases). Approximately one-third of combinations (34.6%) are predicted to increase in area more than 1% for every 10% increase in abundance. We therefore infer that population density generally changes faster than effective area occupied during abundance changes. Gadiformes have the strongest estimated relationship (average 1.0% area increase for every 10% abundance increase) followed by Pleuronectiformes and Scorpaeniformes, and the Eastern Bering Sea shows a strong relationship between abundance and area occupied relative to other regions. We conclude that the BM explains a small but important portion of spatial dynamics for sea-bottom-associated fishes, and that many individual populations merit cautious management during population declines, because a compressed range may increase the efficiency of harvest.
An In-Depth Analysis of Ring Oscillators: Exploiting Their Configurable Duty-Cycle

Ring oscillators are used in many applications, but for all of them the system output is a clock signal with a 50% duty cycle. Our work sets the analytical basis for understanding and designing a ring oscillator whose outputs are clock signals with fully-configurable duty cycles different from 50%. We present two models in order to vary the output duty cycle with reduced area overhead: the first model is based on the layout design, focusing on the transistor sizing of each inverter gate; and the second model establishes a relation between the output duty cycle and different bias voltage schemes. These models are validated by simulation with a 40 nm commercial technology. The simulations include the impact of variability and the characterization of the oscillator phase noise. We also discuss the utilization of our new approach in many different applications for heterogeneous environments.
Bactericidal Action of a Complement-Independent Antibody against Relapsing Fever Borrelia Resides in Its Variable Region12

A single chain variable fragment (scFv) of CB515, a complement-independent bactericidal monoclonal IgM against a relapsing fever Borrelia, was constructed to investigate the region wherein the unique bactericidal function resides. Monomeric CB515 scFv (26 kDa) was capable of binding its Ag on whole organisms and by immunoblot. This binding was shown to be species and serotype-specific to the 19 kDa variable small protein, recognized by its parent monoclonal IgM. A dose-dependent bactericidal effect of the CB515 scFv was detected by direct enumeration of spirochetes. Spirochetes incubated with the CB515 scFv before inoculation into mice grew into escape mutants, whereas spirochetes incubated with an irrelevant scFv developed as the original infecting serotype. This bactericidal effect, as seen at the ultrastructural level, was due to disruption of the outer membrane and to severe membrane blebbing eventually progressing to lysis. These results indicate that the variable region of CB515 is responsible for this bactericidal activity and that the constant region of the Ab is dispensable.