Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La communication sans fil dans un réseau électrique intelligent (smart grid) : méthodologie de développement

L'evolution des reseaux electriques combines avec les reseaux et les infrastructures des technologies de l'information et de la communication a donne lieu a une nouvelle generation de reseaux appeles Reseaux electriques intelligents (Smart grids). Ces reseaux ont des exigences relativement aux architectures de communication et des services. Cette generation de reseaux requiert egalement la mise en œuvre de services pour leur monitoring et leur surveillance. Avec la venue des compteurs intelligents, il devient possible de faire communiquer les foyers avec un centre de controle et de monitoring, ce qui permet de gerer et de controler a distance les appareils se trouvant dans le foyer. Les reseaux intelligents offrent egalement la possibilite d'integrer des energies alternatives et renouvelables comme l'energie solaire ou l'energie eolienne. Tout foyer connecte au reseau peut non seulement consommer de l'energie provenant d'un reseau electrique comme celui d'Hydro-Quebec, mais egalement produire de l'energie et la rendre disponible aux autres foyers. Dans ce memoire, nous nous sommes interesses a plusieurs de ces aspects et nous formulons des propositions pour repondre aux nouveaux besoins crees par ces reseaux. Nous avons propose des infrastructures de communication impliquant des reseaux sans fil et une architecture permettant de connecter les differents elements du reseau et les equipements des foyers (appareils electriques, appareils electromenagers, etc.). Nous avons propose plusieurs services pour effectuer le controle et le monitoring du reseau et des equipements des foyers a travers les compteurs intelligents. A cet effet, nous avons utilise des services Web. Nous avons propose une procedure d'ordonnancement des appareils electriques et electromenagers des foyers en vue de gerer leurs consommations et faire face aux situations de panne, notamment dans les chutes de tension. Nous avons egalement developpe des services et une application pour donner acces a ces services a travers des appareils portables, notamment les telephones mobiles intelligents. Pour permettre aux fournisseurs d'energie de mettre a la disposition des usagers du reseau le surplus d'energie qu'ils produisent, nous avons mis sur pied une infrastructure et des mecanismes d'echange pour la negociation de l'offre et de la demande d'energie. Ce mecanisme utilise les agents mobiles. Ces agents sont des programmes qui voyagent a travers le reseau grâce a un protocole de routage specifique en vue de trouver les meilleurs fournisseurs qui repondent aux demandes des foyers qui ont un besoin en energie. Ce protocole de routage est evalue par simulation, et les resultats sont presentes et discutes dans ce memoire, demontrant ainsi des bonnes performances. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLES DE L’AUTEUR : reseaux electriques intelligents, compteurs intelligents, monitoring et controle de la distribution d'energie, gestion de la consommation electrique, ordonnancement, communication sans fil, agents mobiles.
Error Exponents for Target-Class Detection in a Sensor Network

We study the target class detection performance of a wireless sensor network with a structured node topology. The target is assumed to be in the far-field of the network and positioned at an angle ¿, which may be known or unknown. The target produces a random signal field that is spatially correlated and dependent on ¿ and the target's class i, i ¿ {0, 1}. We study the Neyman-Pearson detection error exponent for this scenario using large deviations theory. When ¿ is known, we derive a closed-form analytic expression for the probability of miss error exponent and show that it is monotonically decreasing in the node spacing d and bounded as d ¿ 0. When ¿ is unknown, we study its estimation using the Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT). We study the error exponent of the GLRT using both analytic techniques and numerical simulations.
Computer-Mediated Inter-Organizational Knowledge-Sharing: Insights from a Virtual Team Innovating Using a Collaborative Tool

How does a team use a computer-mediated technology to share and reuse knowledge when the team is inter-organizational and virtual, when the team must compete for the attention of team members with collocated teams, and when the task is the creation of a completely new innovation? From a review of the literature on knowledge sharing and reuse using collaborative tools, three propositions are generated about the likely behavior of the team in using the collaborative tool and reusing the knowledge put in the knowledge repository. A multi-method longitudinal research study of this design team was conducted over their ten-month design effort. Both qualitative and quantitative data were obtained. Results indicated that the propositions from the literature were insufficient to explain the behavior of the team. We found that ambiguity of the task does not determine use of a collaborative tool; that tool use does not increase with experience; and that knowledge that is perceived as transient whether it really is transient or not is unlikely to be referenced properly for later search and retrieval. Implications for practice and theory are discussed.
Is more movement better?: a controlled comparison of movement-based games

In this paper, we describe research comparing Nintendo Wii games with game play that elicits low, medium, and high amounts of player motion. We asked players to rate fun, happiness, frustration, and energy level after each round of play, and analyzed the results of these self-reports. We found a statistically significant relationship between amount of movement and self-rating of energy level. We discuss our general approach to developing an empirically-grounded set of design practices and guidelines for movement-based game development.
Hemostasis and Fibrinolysis Factors in First-Degree Relatives of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes without Hypertension

First-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients with or without a family history of hypertension are at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to verify some possible hemostatic alterations in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic, normotensive and hypertensive patients. In 78 non-diabetic, normotensive first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients (47 without a family history of hypertension and 31 with a family history of hypertension) and in 36 normoglycemic, normotensive subjects with no family history of hypertension, we evaluated plasma levels of fasting glucose and insulin, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator-inhibitor (PAI-1), D-dimer (DD) and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1+2). Insulin resistance, calculated by the HOMA model, and plasma levels of t-PA and PAI-1 were significantly higher in relatives of diabetics compared to controls. As far as the thrombin activation indexes are concerned, we detected a significant increase in DD and F1+2 in relatives of diabetics with hypertension compared to other study subjects. In conclusion, our data indicate that familial predisposition may influence the hemostatic system in first-degree relatives of diabetic and/or hypertensive patients.
Comparative patterns of postcranial ontogeny in therian mammals: an analysis of relative timing of ossification events.

Data on the relative sequence of ossification of postcranial elements for eight therian mammals (Myotis lucifugus, Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Mesocricetus auratus, Cavia porcellus, Didelphis albiventris, and Sminthopsis macroura) and three outgroups (Chelydra serpentina, Alligator mississippiensis, and Lacerta vivipara) were taken from the literature. For each species, a matrix was constructed in which the relative timing of the onset of ossification in 24 elements was summarized. This resulted in 276 event pairs (characters) for each species. Thirty-three (33.3)% of the characters examined are uniform across all taxa, 16.3% are variable but uninformative in the phylogeny, and 50.4% potentially deliver diagnostic features for clades of two or more taxa. In all species examined, the clavicle is the first bone to appear. Placentalia is not unequivocally diagnosed by the state of any event pair, while Marsupialia has the largest amount of autapomorphies with 18. The acceleration in the timing of ossification of the scapula in relation to the hindlimb in marsupials is most probably causally correlated to movements after birth and during early phases of pre-weaning life. Marsupials are almost unique among amniotes in that the earliest onset of ossification of at least one element among carpals and among tarsals is simultaneous. Three parsimony analyses, each one with a different reptilian taxon as outgroup, were performed using event pairs as characters. In all cases, results were incongruent with the phylogeny of the studied taxa.
Knowledge, expertise and the professions

Part 1: Introduction and Framing the Issues Outline of the Book Michael Young and Johan Muller. From the Sociology of Professions to the Sociology of Professional Knowledge Michael Young and Johan Muller. Professions Sacred and Profane: Reflections Upon the Changing Nature of Professionalism Gerald Grace Part 2: Knowledge, Judgment and Expertise: Theoretical Perspectives Abstract Rationality in Education: From Vygotsky to Brandom Jan Derry. Know-How and Knowledge in the Professional Curriculum Christopher Winch. Differentiating Forms of Professional Expertise Ben Kotzee. Professional Knowledge and Professional Practice as Continuous Recontextualisation: A Social Practice Perspective David Guile. What Binds Professional Judgment? The Case of Teaching Yael Shalem Part 3: Education and the Professions: Case Studies The Evolution of Engineering Knowledge Hu Hanrahan. On the Cultivation of Decorum: Development of the Pedagogic Discourse of Architecture in France, 1671 - 1968 Francis Carter. Problematising Curriculum: Contemporary Debates in Engineering Education Jennifer Case. Knowledge Matters in Nursing Martin McNamara and Gerard Fealy. Knowledge and Teacher Professionalism: The Case of Mathematics Teaching Nick Taylor.
Behavioral diversity in microbes and low-dimensional phenotypic spaces

Systematic studies of phenotypic diversity—required for understanding evolution—lag behind investigations of genetic diversity. Here we develop a quantitative approach to studying behavioral diversity, which we apply to swimming of the ciliate Tetrahymena. We measure the full-lifetime behavior of hundreds of individual organisms at high temporal resolution, over several generations and in diverse nutrient conditions. To characterize population diversity and temporal variability we introduce a unique statistical framework grounded in the notion of a phenotypic space of behaviors. We show that this space is effectively low dimensional with dimensions that correlate with a two-state “roaming and dwelling” model of swimming behavior. Temporal variability over the lifetime of an individual is correlated with the fraction of time spent roaming whereas diversity between individuals is correlated with the speed of roaming. Quantifying the dynamics of behavioral variation shows that behavior over the lifetime of an individual is strongly nonstationary. Analysis of behavioral dynamics between generations reveals complex patterns of behavioral heritability that point to the importance of considering correlations beyond mothers and daughters. Our description of a low-dimensional behavioral space should enable the systematic study of the evolutionary and ecological bases of phenotypic constraints. Future experimental and theoretical studies of behavioral diversity will have to account for the possibility of nonstationary and environmentally dependent behavioral dynamics that we observe.
Boolean Functions with Ordered Domains in Answer Set Programming

Boolean functions in Answer Set Programming have proven a useful modelling tool. They are usually specified by means of aggregates or external atoms. A crucial step in computing answer sets for logic programs containing Boolean functions is verifying whether partial interpretations satisfy a Boolean function for all possible values of its undefined atoms. In this paper, we develop a new methodology for showing when such checks can be done in deterministic polynomial time. This provides a unifying view on all currently known polynomial-time decidability results, and furthermore identifies promising new classes that go well beyond the state of the art. Our main technique consists of using an ordering on the atoms to significantly reduce the necessary number of model checks. For many standard aggregates, we show how this ordering can be automatically obtained.
Performance-Oriented Fault Tolerance in Computing Systems

In this dissertation we address the overhead reduction of fault tolerance (FT) techniques. Due to technology trends such as decreasing feature sizes and lowering voltage levels, FT is becoming increasingly important in modern computing systems. FT techniques are based on some form of redundancy. It can be space redundancy (additional hardware), time redundancy (multiple executions), and/or information redundancy (additional verification information). This redundancy significantly increases the system cost and/or degrades its performance, which is not acceptable in many cases. This dissertation proposes several methods to reduce the overhead of FT techniques. In most cases the overhead due to time redundancy is targeted, although some techniques can also be used to reduce the overhead of other forms of redundancy. Many time-redundant FT techniques are based on executing instructions multiple times. Redundant instruction copies are created either in hardware or software, and their results are compared to detect possible faults. This dissertation conjectures that different instructions need varying protection levels for the reliable application execution. Possible ways to assign proper protection levels to different instructions are investigated, such as the novel concept of instruction vulnerability factor. By protecting critical instructions better than others, significant performance improvements, power savings, and/or system cost reductions can be achieved. In addition it is proposed to employ instruction reuse techniques such as precomputation and memoization to reduce the number of instructions to be re-executed for fault detection. Multicore systems have recently gained significant attention due to the popular conviction that the instruction level parallelism has reached its limits, and due to power density constraints. In a cache coherent multicore system the correct functionality of the cache coherence protocol is essential for the system operation. This dissertation also proposes a cache coherence verification technique which detects faults at a lower cost than previously proposed methods.
15‐Lipoxygenase‐1 activates tumor suppressor p53 independent of enzymatic activity

15‐LOX‐1 and its metabolites are involved in colorectal cancer. Recently, we reported that 15‐LOX‐1 overexpression in HCT‐116 human colorectal cancer cells inhibited cell growth by induction of p53 phosphorylation (4). To determine whether the 15‐LOX‐1 protein or its metabolites are responsible for phosphorylation of p53 in HCT‐116 cells, we used HCT‐116 cells that expressed a mutant 15‐LOX‐1. The mutant 15‐LOX‐1 enzyme, with a substitution of Leu at residue His361, was devoid of enzymatic activity. HCT‐116 cells transiently transfected with either native or mutant 15‐LOX‐1 showed an increase in p53 phosphorylation and an increase in the expression of downstream genes. Thus, 15‐LOX‐1 induces p53 phosphorylation independent of enzymatic activity. Treatment of A549 human lung carcinoma cells with IL‐4 increased the expression of 15‐LOX‐1 and also increased the expression of downstream targets of p53. This confirmed that the activation of p53 was also observed in wild‐type cells expressing physiological 15‐LOX‐1. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that 15‐LOX‐1 interacts with, and binds to, DNA‐dependent protein kinase (DNA‐PK). The binding of 15‐LOX‐1 to DNA‐PK caused an approximate 3.0‐fold enhancement in kinase activity, resulting in increased p53 phosphorylation at Ser15. Knockdown of DNA‐PK by small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly reduced p53 phosphorylation. Furthermore, confocal microscopy demonstrated a colocalization of 15‐LOX and DNA‐PK in the cells. We propose that the 15‐LOX‐1 protein binds to DNA‐PK, increasing its kinase activity and results in downstream activation of the tumor suppressor p53, thus revealing a new mechanism by which lipoxygenases (LOX) may influence the phenotype of tumor cells. Published 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
XANES spectroscopic analysis of phosphorus speciation in alum-amended poultry litter.

Aluminum sulfate (alum; Al(2)(SO(4))(3). 14H(2)O) is used as a chemical treatment of poultry litter to reduce the solubility and release of phosphate, thereby minimizing the impacts on adjacent aquatic ecosystems when poultry litter is land applied as a crop fertilizer. The objective of this study was to determine, through the use of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and sequential extraction, how alum amendments alter P distribution and solid-state speciation within the poultry litter system. Our results indicate that traditional sequential fractionation procedures may not account for variability in P speciation in heterogeneous animal manures. Analysis shows that NaOH-extracted P in alum amended litters is predominantly organic ( approximately 80%), whereas in the control samples, >60% of NaOH-extracted P was inorganic P. Linear least squares fitting (LLSF) analysis of spectra collected of sequentially extracted litters showed that the P is present in inorganic (P sorbed on Al oxides, calcium phosphates) and organic forms (phytic acid, polyphosphates, and monoesters) in alum- and non-alum-amended poultry litter. When determining land application rates of poultry litter, all of these compounds must be considered, especially organic P. Results of the sequential extractions in conjunction with LLSF suggest that no P species is completely removed by a single extractant. Rather, there is a continuum of removal as extractant strength increases. Overall, alum-amended litters exhibited higher proportions of Al-bound P species and phytic acid, whereas untreated samples contained Ca-P minerals and organic P compounds. This study provides in situ information about P speciation in the poultry litter solid and about P availability in alum- and non-alum-treated poultry litter that will dictate P losses to ground and surface water systems.
Capital social y desarrollo. Aplicación de indicadores de capital social al ámbito turístico

El objetivo es presentar fundamentos teorico-metodologicos y avances de investigacion correspondientes a la dimension social del mencionado proyecto, a traves de la aplicacion y analisis de indicadores de capital social en la ciudad de Tandil, considerando su vinculacion con el desarrollo. La idea central que conduce el trabajo es que la creacion de nuevas posibilidades en territorios con desarrollo turistico implica la necesaria identificacion de los agentes del desarrollo presentes en el tejido social local. En este sentido, el concepto de capital social permite explicar el desarrollo local y el desarrollo turistico, demostrando que la naturaleza y el alcance de las relaciones sociales que se establecen en las comunidades moldean el desarrollo. Distintos autores plantean que el capital social es la suma de recursos reales o potenciales ligados a la posesion de una red duradera de relaciones de reconocimiento mutuo mas o menos institucionalizadas. Las relaciones sociales que se observan en las diferentes comunidades pueden caracterizarse por la presencia del capital social. El hecho de que exista una medida unica del capital social se debe fundamentalmente a que su definicion es multidimensional, ademas debe considerarse que, dado que en definitiva es una construccion social, la naturaleza y las formas del capital social cambian con el tiempo al modificarse valores, creencias y actitudes. No obstante, esto no invalida la posibilidad de aplicar una metodologia adecuada a cada caso en particular. Con este objetivo, se toma como referencia para el caso objeto de estudio, el Cuestionario Integrado para la Medicion del Capital Social del Banco Mundial (2002) que plantea dimensiones tales como: grupos y redes, confianza y solidaridad, accion colectiva y cooperacion, cohesion e inclusion social, y empadronamiento y accion politica.
The Wider Perinatal Significance of the Australian in Vitro Fertilization Data Collection Program

The most recent report (1986) from the Australian Register of In Vitro Fertilization pregnancies comprises 2242 in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies and 261 gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) pregnancies. A review of this data base indicated that this population had a relatively high incidence of both obstetric and perinatal morbidity and perinatal mortality. About 58% of the IVF pregnancies resulted in live births and 36.4% of the infants weighted less than 2500 gm at birth. These high rates could be partially accounted for by maternal prepregnancy risk factors, such as age, and by risk factors associated with the infertility management, such as multiple pregnancy (22% of all pregnancies more than 20 weeks), which accounted for approximately 50% of the preterm births (less than 37 weeks). Singleton pregnancies also had a higher incidence of preterm birth (17.8% at gestational age 24 to 36 weeks), low-birthweight babies (15.9% less than 2500 g) and perinatal mortality rates (35.4% per 1000 live births) than the Australian population at large. This warrants these patients being regarded as high risk. It is reassuring that the incidence of major malformations in IVF births (2.2%) is similar to that in the general population (1.4%).
Anticoagulation and platelet antiaggregation therapy in stroke prevention

Purpose of reviewThe results of recent large clinical trials have modified treatment plans formerly based on inferred mechanisms of ischemic stroke and hazards of certain forms of therapy. Recent findingsStrong data have emerged to support anticoagulation with warfarin for stroke associated with inferred embolism in a setting of atrial fibrillation. No clear advantage for warfarin over aspirin exists for ischemic stroke in a setting of intracranial atheroma, patent cardiac foramen ovale, or elevated levels of antiphospholipid antibody. Among antiplatelet agents, aspirin and clopidogrel have a similar recurrent stroke risk. Combination therapies with aspirin and warfarin show no additional benefits with regard to stroke prevention and carry higher risks of hemorrhage. Treatment with aspirin combined with specially formulated long-acting dipyridamole carries a lower risk of stroke than aspirin alone and does not increase the risk of hemorrhage significantly. The combination of aspirin and clopidogrel does not reduce the risk of stroke over clopidogrel alone and carries a greater risk of bleeding than clopidogrel alone. SummaryChoice of antithrombotic therapy depends on the etiology of the stroke. Oral anticoagulation treatment is the preferred choice for inferred cardioembolism in the setting of atrial fibrillation, while the varying rates of hemorrhage with oral anticoagulants continue to favor antiplatelet therapy in other settings of inferred etiology. Combinations of antithrombotic therapy vary in their lowering of stroke rate, and some raise the risk of hemorrhage. Insufficient data exist to determine whether antithrombotic therapy combined with antihypertensives, statins or other agents will further reduce the risk of stroke in synergistic or supplemental fashion, or give no additional benefit. Abbreviations ER-DIP: extended release dipyridamole; INR: International Normalization Ratio; PFO: patent cardiac foramen ovale; SPAF: Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation; TIA: transient ischemic attack; WARSS: Warfarin–Aspirin Recurrent Stroke Study.