Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Language disorders and language development (Rev. ed.). Margaret Lahey. New York: Macmillan, 1988. Pp. xv + 535.

Di Pietro, R. (1988). Scenario writing: A means to promote interactive discourse. Delaware Papers in Linguistics, 1, 1-9. Pontecorvo, C , & Pontecorvo, M. (1985). Conoscere a scuola. Bologna: il Mulino. T&eschner, T. (1986). Insegnare la lingua straniera. Bologna: il Mulino. Vygotsky, L. S. (1962). Thought and language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (1978). Mind in society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Did they take the same test? Examinee language proficiency and the structure of language tests

This study investigated the relationship between examinee proficiency and the structure of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and the Speaking proficiency in English Assessment Kit (SPEAK). Specifically, using multi-group structural equation modeling, this study tested two competing hypotheses about the relationship: whether or not the dimensions of language ability become more or less differentiated as a function of increasing examinee proficiency. Among four alternative models (a second-order model, a correlated specific factor model, a single general factor model, and a totally divisible model), a second-order factor model was established as a baseline model for three ability groups and then estimated simultaneously with cross-group equality imposed. The results showed that the tests were partially equivalent, thereby supporting neither of the hypotheses. Finally, the multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling analysis suggested that the language backgrounds of test-takers were related to measurement non-invariance.
An Anti-Inflammatory Approach in the Therapeutic Choices for the Prevention of Atherosclerotic Events

Atherosclerosis, with its dramatic events, represents a heavy burden in terms of morbidity and mortality throughout the entire world (Gibbons et al., 2008). Although the risk factors are very well known and addressed by every physician (genetic background, physical inactivity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity and metabolic syndrome, smoking), the precise mechanisms of the plaque formation and rupture are not completely clarified. These limitations are confirmed by the difficulties in obtaining better results in both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events: recent results of completed clinical trials (such as NAVIGATOR, ACCORD, ROADMAP) suggest that we have reached a limit in terms of reducing events by simply addressing common risk factors appropriately (Zanchetti, 2009). As a matter of fact, at the present time we cannot prevent 70% of clinical events, also with administration of all well established anti-atherosclerotic therapeutics. In addition at least 10% of coronary events can occur in apparently healthy subjects in the absence of traditional risk factors (Baigent et al., 2005; Greenland et al., 2003).
SILAM for quantitative proteomics of liver Akt1/PKBα after burn injury

Akt1/protein kinase Bα (Akt1/PKBα) is a downstream mediator of the insulin signaling system. In this study we explored mechanism(s) for its role in burn injury. Akt1/PKBα in liver extracts from mice with burn injury fed with (2H7)-L-Leu was immunoprecipitated and isolated with SDS-PAGE. Two tryptic peptides, one in the kinase loop and a control peptide just outside of the loop were sequenced via nano-LC interfaced with quadruple time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (Q-TOF tandem MS). Their relative isotopologue abundances were determined by stable isotope labeling by amino acids in mammalians (SILAM). Relative quantifications based on paired heavy/light peptides were obtained in 3 steps. The first step included homogenization of mixtures of equal amounts of tissue from burned and sham-treated animals (i.e., isotope dilution) and acquisition of uncorrected data based on parent monoisotopic MS ion ratios. The second step included determination of isotopic enrichment of the kinase from burned mice on Day 7 and the third step enrichment correction of partially labeled heavy and light monoisotopic MS ion ratios for relative quantification of bioactivity (loop peptide) and expression level (control peptide). Protein synthesis and enrichment after injury were found to be dependent on tissue and turnover of individual proteins. Three heavy and light monoisotopic ion ratios for albumin peptides from burned mice indicated ~55% enrichment and ~16.7-fold downregulation. In contract, serum amyloid P had ~66% enrichment and was significantly upregulated. Akt1/PKBα had ~56% enrichment and kinase level in response to the burn injury was upregulated compared with the control peptide. However, kinase bioactivity, represented by the Cys296 peptide, was significantly reduced. Overall, we demonstrated that i) quantitative proteomics can be performed without completely labeled mice; ii) measurement of enrichment of acyl-tRNAs is unnecessary and iii) Cys296 plays an important role in kinase activity after burn injury.
Esoogle: A Semantic-based Expert Information Service System

The existing expert information systems supply services for searching information of experts and help the users to select suitable experts to evaluate all types of projects in different fields, however, almost all of these search services use keyword match, and it is hard to gain high search efficiency. Ontology has been proved to be very useful in sharing concepts across applications in an unambiguous way and used to support information exchange based on semantics. In this paper, we design software architecture for Semantic-based expert information service system (Esoogle) to provide semantic-base information service. Expert information ontology is defined to store the information of experts, and reasoning rules are defined for semantic-based reasoning. Applications show Esoogle improves the recall and precision of searching services compared to the existing systems.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 phenotypically resembling parkinson disease in a black family.

BACKGROUND Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), also known as spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), can present with parkinsonism. However, classically, atypical features, including pyramidal and cerebellar signs, peripheral neuropathy, and/or anterior horn cell dysfunction, are also seen. Levodopa responsiveness is unusual in this disorder. OBJECTIVE To determine the cause of apparent parkinsonism suggestive of Parkinson disease (PD) in a large family of African origin. METHODS We studied a large family in which apparent autosomal dominant parkinsonism suggestive of PD occurs in order to find the causal genetic mutation. Affected and unaffected family members were screened for the presence of a pathogenic expansion at the MJD/SCA3 locus using a polymerase chain reaction polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis-based assay. RESULTS Three of the 4 individuals who were examined have a phenotype reminiscent of PD. Specifically, they have at least 2 of the cardinal features, are levodopa responsive, and have no atypical features. All affected family members were shown to possess pathogenic expansions in the MJD/SCA3 gene. CONCLUSIONS Parkinsonism suggestive of PD due to MJD/SCA3 has not been previously reported, to our knowledge. However, atypical, though also levodopa-responsive, parkinsonism has been previously reported to occur in African American families, suggesting that that this phenotype is associated with African ancestry. In this regard, it is perhaps significant that all the individuals with parkinsonism have relatively low numbers of repeats (normal, 16-34; pathologic, 60-84). In families in which linkage analysis is being performed to determine a locus for autosomal dominant parkinsonism suggestive of PD, evaluation for the MJD/SCA3 mutation is indicated.
Effect of Different Sizes of Tools on the Handwriting of Beginners

writing comparatively large tools, "primary" pencils, and unruled paper or paper with widely spaced lines. In providing such materials, educators have tried to take account of children's lack of fine muscular co-ordination and to encourage movement of the larger arm muscles rather than movement of fingers alone, in order that fatigue might be lessened. Unfortunately this practice is based more on observation and experience than on scientific experimentation. A search through the publications of school-supply manufacturers, of hand-
A Security Assessment of Trusted Platform Modules Computer Science Technical Report TR 2007-597

Trusted Platform Modules (TPMs) are becoming ubiquitous devices included in newly released personal computers. Broadly speaking, the aim of this technology is to provide a facility for authenticating the platform on which they are running: they are able to measure attest to the authenticity of a hardware and software configuration. Designed to be cheap, commodity devices which motherboard and processor vendors can include in their products with minimal marginal cost, these devices have a good theoretical design. Unfortunately, there exist several practical constraints on the effectiveness of TPMs and the architectures which employ them which leave them open to attack. We demonstrate some hardware and software attacks against these devices and architectures. These attacks include Time of Check/Time of Use attacks on the Integrity Measurment Architecture, and a bus attack against the Low Pin Count bus. Further we explore the possibility of side-channel attacks against TPMs.
Formative feedback within plagiarism education: Is there a role for text-matching software?

The need for effective education to enhance students' understanding and development of academic integrity has been well established, particularly for international students new to tertiary study in English-speaking countries. Most research recommends the use of methods such as instruction and warnings, as part of a plagiarism education programme. Few studies have looked at the role of formative feedback through tutorial intervention in the process of academic writing, in which use of the text-matching tool Turnitin is made in ways which support learning, rather than guide assessment. This study addresses that gap using data gathered over three years from cohorts of international students in the United Kingdom (UK) with regard to four identified areas of development: avoidance of plagiarism, decrease in over-reliance on some sources, correct use of citation and appropriate paraphrasing. Individual tutorials were held to give formative feedback on students' own writing, with particular regard to their use of sources. A supportive environment was created in which questions about references could be discussed, by using the Turnitin originality reports directly. The tutorial feedback appeared to have a positive effect on students' understanding of academic integrity reflected in improved drafts. This implies that tutorial feedback using Turnitin could be a key factor in plagiarism education. Recommendations for future use are given at the end of the study.
Multi-vehicle cooperative perception and augmented reality for driver assistance: A possibility to ‘see’ through front vehicle

A typical scenario where a front vehicle (the first vehicle) occludes the view of another vehicle (the second vehicle) is often encountered in traffic environment and can be potentially dangerous. For enhancing traffic safety in this scenario, multi-vehicle cooperative perception between the two vehicles is useful. Besides, better visualization of the cooperative perception result might be needed for driver assistance. Based on these motivations, a method of multi-vehicle cooperative perception which realizes an effect of augmented reality is proposed in this paper; the effect of augmented reality here means a direct and natural visualization of the occluded environment for the second vehicle, as if a person at the second vehicle can see through the front vehicle and directly perceive the environment occluded. The proposed cooperative perception method can be used for applications of completely automated mode while the effect of augmented reality would also be convenient for driver assistance. Theoretical and technical details of the proposed method are described; field tests results are given to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.1
De la question sociale à la question spatiale

L’approche territoriale parait constituer une sorte d’instrument universel, susceptible de traiter a la fois la question sociale et celle du developpement economique. Or, lorsqu’on tente de cerner les effets sociaux et economiques des comportements territoriaux des menages et des entreprises en France, cette equation doit etre discutee. D’une part, la relation entre egalite sociale et egalite territoriale n’est pas simple : la localisation des groupes sociaux dans l’espace peut fort bien aboutir a une egalisation des conditions moyennes a l’echelle d’une region en meme temps qu’a une aggravation des inegalites de revenus a l’echelle communale. D’autre part, les politiques de developpement local visant a conjuguer developpement et cohesion paraissent d’autant plus efficaces qu’elles fonctionnent dans un contexte keynesien (fonde sur la demande), alors qu’elles sont moins performantes dans des contextes neoclassiques (fondes sur l’offre). Des lors, l’appel au developpement local et a l’accroissement de la competition entre territoires pourrait bien aboutir a des formes de conflits d’echelles, dans lesquels les territoires infraregionaux auraient interet a choisir un modele de rente, au detriment de la production de richesse (par ailleurs necessaire a l’alimentation de la rente). Paradoxalement, une logique de developpement territorial poussee a son terme pourrait contribuer a appauvrir un pays comme la France.
Beyond MapReduce: The Next Generation of Big Data Analytics

ET International (ETI) is introducing a way to keep the best aspects of MapReduce and its popular implementation, Apache Hadoop, while reducing the number of add-on tools needed to make it relevant for commercial application. ETI’s novel multisource analytics product "HAMR" runs both batch and real-time streaming. It complements the current paradigm and accommodates the next generation of systems that will begin to render Hadoop MapReduce ‐ as we know it ‐ obsolete. Given that Moore’s Law has an 18-month cycle time, it is urgent that information systems professionals budget and plan now for future generations. [6] MapReduce does what it was intended to do: store and process large datasets in batches, inexpensively. However, many organizations that implemented Hadoop have experienced unexpected challenges, in part because they want to do more than MapReduce was designed to do. In response, an ecosystem emerged that continually introduces additional tools to help overcome some of those challenges. Unfortunately, this has only made implementations more complex and daunting, giving rise to the need for the simpler toolset offered by HAMR.
A missense mutation in the ZFHX1B gene associated with an atypical Mowat–Wilson syndrome phenotype

Mowat–Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare mental retardation—multiple congenital anomalies syndrome associated with typical facial dysmorphism. Patients can show a variety of other anomalies like short stature, microcephaly, Hirschsprung disease, malformations of the brain, seizures, congenital heart defects and urogenital anomalies. Mutations leading to haploinsufficiency of the ZFHX1B gene have been described as the underlying cause of this condition. We report on the clinical findings in a 2½‐year‐old boy with some aspects out of the MWS‐spectrum in addition to unusual anomalies and a novel missense mutation in the ZFHX1B gene. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Homocysteine-Induced Impairment of Insulin Secretion From Clonal Pancreatic BRIN-BD11 &bgr;-Cells Is Not Prevented by Catalase

Objectives: Although detrimental effects of homocysteine attributed to homocysteine auto-oxidation and generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) have been reported in various cell types, such actions have not been considered in pancreatic &bgr;-cells. This study investigates the acute effects of homocysteine on &bgr;-cell integrity and regulation, in particular, the role of H2O2 generated by auto-oxidation. Methods: Assessment of &bgr;-cell function was examined during acute 20- or 40-minute incubations with homocysteine using clonal BRIN-BD11 &bgr;-cells. Results: Homocysteine (50-1000 &mgr;mol/L) inhibited basal and glucose-induced insulin secretion in a concentration-dependent manner. Insulinotropic responses to alanine, arginine, 2-ketoisocaproate, elevated Ca2+, tolbutamide, potassium chloride (KCl), forskolin, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate were also significantly reduced by homocysteine. Likewise, preincubation with homocysteine caused a reduction in the insulinotropic responses to glucose and each of the secretagogues tested. Notably, excess catalase (100 &mgr;g/mL) in the buffer, although sufficient to remove homocysteine-derived H2O2, did not alleviate the detrimental effects of homocysteine. Conclusions: Collectively, these data suggest that homocysteine impairs insulin secretory function by mechanisms independent of H2O2 generation. Although homocysteine may give rise to reactive oxygen species, these observations indicate detrimental non-oxidative pancreatic &bgr;-cell actions of homocysteine.
Live and let die: a REM complex promotes fertilization through synergid cell death in Arabidopsis

Fertilization in flowering plants requires a complex series of coordinated events involving interaction between the male and female gametophyte. We report here molecular data on one of the key events underpinning this process – the death of the receptive synergid cell and the coincident bursting of the pollen tube inside the ovule to release the sperm. We show that two REM transcription factors, VALKYRIE (VAL) and VERDANDI (VDD), both targets of the ovule identity MADS-box complex SEEDSTICK-SEPALLATA3, interact to control the death of the receptive synergid cell. In vdd-1/+ mutants and VAL_RNAi lines, we find that GAMETOPHYTIC FACTOR 2 (GFA2), which is required for synergid degeneration, is downregulated, whereas expression of FERONIA (FER) and MYB98, which are necessary for pollen tube attraction and perception, remain unaffected. We also demonstrate that the vdd-1/+ phenotype can be rescued by expressing VDD or GFA2 in the synergid cells. Taken together, our findings reveal that the death of the receptive synergid cell is essential for maintenance of the following generations, and that a complex comprising VDD and VAL regulates this event. Summary: In the female gametophyte, the synergid cell is required to attract the pollen tube, and then degenerates. Its death, and pollen tube bursting, is controlled by the VDD and VAL transcription factors.
Integrative approach for computationally inferring protein domain interactions

The current need for high-throughput protein interaction detection has resulted in interaction data being generated en masse, using experimental methods such as yeast-two-hybrids and protein chips. Such data can be errorful and they often do not provide adequate functional information for the detected interactions; it is therefore useful to develop an in silico approach to further validate and annotate the detected protein interactions. Given that protein-protein interactions involve physical interactions between protein domains, domain-domain interaction information can be useful for validating, annotating, and even predicting protein interactions. However, large-scale experimentally determined domain-domain interaction data do not exist; as such, we describe an integrative approach to computationally derive putative domain interactions from multiple data sources, including rosetta stone sequences, protein interactions, and protein complexes. We show the usefulness of such an integrative approach by applying the derived domain interactions to predict and validate protein-protein interactions.
The neural basis of scene preferences

What is the neural correlate of preference that governs our spontaneous selection of visual information? With a rapid, event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging design, we showed that the viewing of highly preferred compared to less preferred scenes (as assessed by participant ratings) was associated with greater blood-oxygen level dependent responses in the right parahippocampal cortex but not in the lateral occipital complex, ruling out feed forward and attentional effects. Highly preferred images also produced greater activation in the ventral striatum, suggesting that perceptual preference might engage the conventional reward system. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that high activity in the parahippocampal cortex, an area with a high density of cortical μ-opioid receptors, may be experienced as cognitively pleasurable.
A survey of indoor positioning systems and algorithms

Positioning objects has been an important topic since it is needed to locate people, guide them to a certain place, and assist companies and organizations with their assets management. Several systems and algorithms were proposed to solve the positioning problem and to enhance existing systems. In this paper, we survey various indoor positioning systems to explore the related challenges that exist in this area and evaluate some proposed solutions. We provide a categorization and classification of the current indoor positioning systems and identify some possible areas of enhancements
On the powers of powerful knowledge

The primary aim of this chapter is to make a positive case for the idea of ‘powerful knowledge’ (Young, 2009; 2013) as a sociological concept and as a curriculum principle. We seek to clarify its conceptual bases and to make its meaning, and the arguments it implies, less ambiguous and less open to misunderstanding. This will enable us to suggest some of the research and policy options that it opens up.
Node Replication Attack Detection Algorithms in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey.

The sensor networks are often deployed in hostile environments and are not attended for long time. Deployment of these networks is increased in the recent years, as they help in monitoring and analyzing different properties of the environment. The application of wireless sensor network starts from environment, household monitoring and ranging up to critical military applications. The sensor nodes in the network are prone to different kinds of novel attacks. An attacker, with little effort, may physically capture nodes, exploits the information on the node, reprogram the node and create replicas, and secretly insert these replicas at strategic locations within the network. This is called as node replication attack. Since these replicas have legitimate access to the network (legitimate IDs, keys, other security credentials, etc.), they can participate in the network operations in the same way as a legitimate node, and thus a large variety of insider attacks takes over the network. Using such nodes the attacker can corrupt the data flowing through the network, also the attacker can disconnect some part of the network with other part of the network. Detection of node replication attack is therefore important. So, in this report we will come to know about some node replication detection schemes, out of which some depend primarily on centralized mechanisms where the base station plays very important role, and others depend on distributed detection schemes. The detection probabilities and communication overhead are the major concern while proposing and using the detection techniques. Hence, the design of efficient algorithm to detect node identity replicas is still an open and demanding issue.