Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical Solution of Fractional Differential Equation in a Model of HIV Infection of CD4+T Cells

The Laplace transform provides a powerful technique for solving linear fractional differential equations, but for solving the nonlinear case it can not be used alone. However, we can combine it with the Adomian decomposition method for solving nonlinear equations. In this paper, we solve the nonlinear system of fractional differential equations which appear in a model of HIV infection of CD4+T cells. We propose the Laplace Adomian method for solving this system. The numerical examples shows the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.
Predicting Slow Walking Speed From a Pooled Cohort Analysis: Sarcopenia Definitions, Agreement, and Prevalence in Australia and New Zealand

Abstract Background Recent operational definitions of sarcopenia have not been replicated and compared in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) populations. We aimed to identify sarcopenia measures that discriminate ANZ adults with slow walking speed (<0.8 m/s) and determine the agreement between the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) and revised European Working Group for Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) operational definitions of sarcopenia. Methods Eight studies comprising 8 100 ANZ community-dwelling adults (mean age ± standard deviation, 62.0 ± 14.4 years) with walking speed, grip strength (GR), and lean mass data were combined. Replicating the SDOC methodology, 15 candidate variables were included in sex-stratified classification and regression tree models and receiver operating characteristic curves on a pooled cohort with complete data to identify variables and cut points discriminating slow walking speed (<0.8 m/s). Agreement and prevalence estimates were compared using Cohen’s Kappa (CK). Results Receiver operating characteristic curves identified GR as the strongest variable for discriminating slow from normal walking speed in women (GR <20.50 kg, area under curve [AUC] = 0.68) and men (GR <31.05 kg, AUC = 0.64). Near-perfect agreement was found between the derived ANZ cut points and SDOC cut points (CK 0.8–1.0). Sarcopenia prevalence ranged from 1.5% (EWGSOP2) to 37.2% (SDOC) in women and 1.0% (EWGSOP2) to 9.1% (SDOC) in men, with no agreement (CK <0.2) between EWGSOP2 and SDOC. Conclusions Grip strength is the primary discriminating characteristic for slow walking speed in ANZ women and men, consistent with findings from the SDOC. Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium and EWGSOP2 definitions showed no agreement suggesting these proposed definitions measure different characteristics and identify people with sarcopenia differently.
Recent applications of rational approximation theory: a guided tour

Rational functions have a clear advantage compared to polynomials. They can simulate singularities and different kinds of asymptotic behaviour. These features of rational functions have proved to be very useful in a lot of applications including communication networks, EM models, shape reconstruction and the verified computation of special functions. We present a number of the more recent results.
Effect of a Hospital-To-Home Transitional Intervention Based on an Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior for Adult Patients with Stroke

ABSTRACT To develop and identify the effectiveness of a hospital-to-home transitional intervention based on an interaction model of client health behavior in adult patients with stroke. A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest. Thirty-eight patients participated (18=intervention, 20=control); the intervention group received 12 weeks of the intervention. The intervention influenced anxiety, disease severity, health behavior adherence, patient satisfaction, and quality of life in adult patients with stroke. Transitional programs have potential to improve the health behaviors of subjects, and community health nurses can assist in the implementation of these programs. Health behaviors and quality of life scores were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group; these findings support the need for continuity of nursing care during the transitional period for patients with stroke. Given the challenges faced by adult stroke patients after stroke, community nurses should pay attention to patients’ transitional experiences.
Comparison of wavefront control algorithms and first results on the high-contrast imager for complex aperture telescopes (hicat) testbed

The next generation of space telescopes for direct imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanets includes telescopes with a monolithic mirror, such as the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) [1] and Large Ultra-Violet Optical Infrared (LUVOIR) telescopes with segmented primary mirror, like ATLAST [2, 3] or HDST [4].
A deep learning method for predicting the minimum inhibitory concentration of antimicrobial peptides against Escherichia coli using Multi-Branch-CNN and Attention

ABSTRACT Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising alternative to antibiotics to combat drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria. However, the development of AMPs with high potency and specificity remains a challenge, and new tools to evaluate antimicrobial activity are needed to accelerate the discovery process. Therefore, we proposed MBC-Attention, a combination of a multi-branch convolution neural network architecture and attention mechanisms to predict the experimental minimum inhibitory concentration of peptides against Escherichia coli. The optimal MBC-Attention model achieved an average Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) of 0.775 and a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.533 (log μM) in three independent tests of randomly drawn sequences from the data set. This results in a 5–12% improvement in PCC and a 6–13% improvement in RMSE compared to 17 traditional machine learning models and 2 optimally tuned models using random forest and support vector machine. Ablation studies confirmed that the two proposed attention mechanisms, global attention and local attention, contributed largely to performance improvement. IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potential candidates for replacing conventional antibiotics to combat drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of AMPs quantitatively. However, wet-lab experiments are labor-intensive and time-consuming. To accelerate the evaluation process, we develop a deep learning method called MBC-Attention to regress the experimental minimum inhibitory concentration of AMPs against Escherichia coli. The proposed model outperforms traditional machine learning methods. Data, scripts to reproduce experiments, and the final production models are available on GitHub. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potential candidates for replacing conventional antibiotics to combat drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of AMPs quantitatively. However, wet-lab experiments are labor-intensive and time-consuming. To accelerate the evaluation process, we develop a deep learning method called MBC-Attention to regress the experimental minimum inhibitory concentration of AMPs against Escherichia coli. The proposed model outperforms traditional machine learning methods. Data, scripts to reproduce experiments, and the final production models are available on GitHub.
Weldability of CuZn30 Brass/DP600 Steel Couple by Friction Stir Spot Welding

This study deals with the weldability and assessment of the friction stir spot welding of dissimilar CuZn30 brass/DP600 steel couple. The effects of axial tool load and tool hold time were evaluated in the joining experiments. The tool load forces of 3.2 − 4.8 kN and the tool hold times of 8 s and 12 s were applied to brass/steel bimetal sheets. Tensile-shear test was employed to investigate the mechanical properties of the joint. Optical and scanning electron microscopies were utilized to characterize the microstructure of the joint having the better mechanical performance, as well as the microhardness test. Temperature measurements were also performed between the lapped sheet faces. The results show that the vertical tool load value has reached more significant influence than the tool hold time. Furthermore, the tensile-shear failure load has increased with increasing tool load and hold time and has reached the highest value of 4.6 kN. The EDS analyses on the fractured surface depict that the copper and zinc concentrations are similar to those of CuZn30 base metal. A peak temperature of 607 ◦C was measured in the weld centre of this joint. No significant microstructural change was observed in the steel sheet, while the fine grains with onion rings were revealed in the brass. Different hardness values were measured depending on microstructural change in the weld zone. Although the onion rings made a contribution to the microhardness, a softened stir zone (129.8 HV), with regard to the brass base metal (149.1 HV), was observed.
Ablation of KIF2C in Purkinje cells impairs metabotropic glutamate receptor trafficking and motor coordination in male mice

Kinesin family member 2C (KIF2C)/mitotic centromere‐associated kinesin (MCAK), is thought to be oncogenic as it is involved in tumour progression and metastasis. Moreover, it also plays a part in neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease and psychiatric disorders such as suicidal schizophrenia. Our previous study conducted on mice demonstrated that KIF2C is widely distributed in various regions of the brain, and is localized in synaptic spines. Additionally, it regulates microtubule dynamic properties through its own microtubule depolymerization activity, thereby affecting AMPA receptor transport and cognitive behaviour in mice. In this study, we show that KIF2C regulates the transport of mGlu1 receptors in Purkinje cells by binding to Rab8. KIF2C deficiency in Purkinje cells results in abnormal gait, reduced balance ability and motor incoordination in male mice. These data suggest that KIF2C is essential for maintaining normal transport and synaptic function of mGlu1 and motor coordination in mice.
Improved integration of ultra-thin high-k dielectrics in few-layer MoS2 FET by remote forming gas plasma pretreatment

The effective and high-quality integration of high-k dielectrics on two-dimensional (2D) crystals is essential to the device structure engineering and performance improvement of field-effect transistor (FET) based on the 2D semiconductors. We report a 2D MoS2 transistor with ultra-thin Al2O3 top-gate dielectric (6.1 nm) and extremely low leakage current. Remote forming gas plasma pretreatment was carried out prior to the atomic layer deposition, providing nucleation sites with the physically adsorbed ions on the MoS2 surface. The top gate MoS2 FET exhibited excellent electrical performance, including high on/off current ratio over 109, subthreshold swing of 85 mV/decade and field-effect mobility of 45.03 cm2/V s. Top gate leakage current less than 0.08 pA/μm2 at 4 MV/cm has been obtained, which is the smallest compared with the reported top-gated MoS2 transistors. Such an optimized integration of high-k dielectric in 2D semiconductor FET with enhanced performance is very attractive, and it paves the way t.
3D printing of vascularized hepatic tissues with a high cell density and heterogeneous microenvironment

Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as an appealing approach for creating functional tissues; however, a lack of suitable bioinks with high cell density and printability has greatly limited our ability to print functional tissues. We address this limitation by developing a granular cell aggregate-based biphasic (GCAB) bioink based on densely packed cell aggregates. The GCAB bioink exhibited the desired shear-thinning and shear-recovery properties for extrusion bioprinting and hyperelastic behaviors postprinting for modeling the mechanical characteristics of soft biological tissues. The GCAB bioink displayed a high cell density (∼1.7 × 108 cells cm−3) without compromising viability (∼83%). We printed dense hepatic tissue constructs with enhanced vascularization and metabolic functions by preorganization of GCAB bioink with a defined heterogeneous microenvironment. By simultaneously printing the GCAB bioink and an endothelial cell-laden gelatin bioink, we successfully produced functional hepatic tissues with a high cell density and a perfusable vascular network. The design of the generalizable GCAB bioink opens new avenues to create functional tissues for therapeutic applications.
An Energy-Efficient Small-Area Configurable Analog Front-End Interface for Diverse Biosignals Recording

We introduce a fully integrated configurable analog front-end (CAFE) sensor intended to accommodate various types of bio-potential signals in this article. The proposed CAFE is composed of an AC-coupled chopper-stabilized amplifier to effectively reduce 1/f noise and an energy- and area-efficient tunable filter to tune this interface to the bandwidth of various specific signals of interest. A tunable active-pseudo-resistor is integrated into the amplifier's feedback to realize a reconfigurable high-pass cutoff frequency and enhance its linearity, while the filter is designed using a subthreshold-source-follower-based pseudo-RC (SSF-PRC) topology to attain the required super-low cutoff frequency without the need for extremely low biasing current sources. Implemented in TSMC 40 nm technology, the chip occupies an active area of 0.048 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{mm}^{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> while consuming 2.47 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>W DC power from a 1.2-V supply voltage. Measurement results indicate that the proposed design achieved a mid-band gain of 37 dB, with an integrated input-referred noise (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{IRN}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) of 1.7 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu V_{rms}$</tex-math></inline-formula> within 1-260 Hz. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the CAFE is below 1 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> with a 2.4 m<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{pp}$</tex-math></inline-formula> input signal. With a wide-range bandwidth adjustment capability, the proposed CAFE can be used in both wearable and implantable recording devices to acquire different bio-potential signals.
Long Term Quadrotor Stabilization

One major research thrust of the Advanced Navigation and Technology (ANT) Center at the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) is navigating in environments where signals from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), are either unavailable or unusable due to low signal strength or multipath effects. These environments include indoor, urban, and underground environments and can include environments where these signals are being actively denied either intentionally or unintentionally. The ANT Center has identified small, hovering, unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) as one of the best solutions since they offer greater mobility in these environments than fixed wing UAVs or unmanned ground vehicles. Quadrotors were selected over more traditional helicopter configurations because of their mechanical simplicity. In order to navigate in these type of environments, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) is used and typically augmented with other sensors. The work of this thesis focuses on achieving better IMU long term stability and a better navigation solution. This is done in two ways. First, the IMU accelerometer output is examined to determine if it is possible to use accelerometers to determine attitude. If the quadrotor is stationary or moving at constant velocity, the roll and pitch angles can be determined. Additionally, the accelerometers can be used to determine angular accelerations and angular rates which are integrated to determine heading, but this is impractical with current technology. The second approach models the quadrotor and uses the models in Kalman Filters along with the IMU measurements to determine the best possible navigation solution.
Mixing dynamics and fluid residence time in split-injection gaseous jets

The effects of split-injection on the mixing and the fluid residence time distribution in turbulent gaseous jets are investigated using Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). The mixing physics identified in this study are important for the understanding of split-injection compressionignition engine operation, in which mixing rates and fuel residence time control the rate of heat release and pollutant formation. The configuration involves a round turbulent jet issuing from a flat plate, subject to single-pulse, doublepulse, and continuous injection. A novel analysis of fluid residence time is performed by solving a transport equation for the fluid age. A similarity scaling is determined for the residence time in the continuous jet case. It is then shown that the radial gradients of the age of injected fluid are greater in the continuous jet suggesting that, in continuous fuel injection, entrainment of older more-reacted fluid provides a mechanism to promote ignition further upstream compared to pulsed jets. The implications of scalar dissipation and entrainment rate transients for combustion are discussed. INTRODUCTION The overall rate of entrainment of ambient fluid into the jet is important in many transient-jet mixing applications. This study is motivated by the application of transient-jets to fuel injection in compression ignition (e.g. Diesel) engines in which scalar dissipation and the fuel residence time are also important factors in the evolution of the combustion process. Several studies have shown that entrainment is reduced in accelerating jet flow (Kato et al., 1987), and the converse is observed in decelerating jets (Musculus, 2009, and Craske and van Reeuwijk, 2014). These entrainment effects have been attributed to the changing amount of jet fluid and vorticity available to feed the growth of large structures, so that the rate of ambient fluid entrainment adjusts in compensation. Musculus (2009) developed a one dimensional model for the evolution of the cross-stream integrated momentum flux ? ̇? in a decelerating jet. Assuming that the velocity profile in the unsteady-jet remains self-similar and neglecting axial interactions he obtained the following wave equation,
The rural and interprofessional education and collaborative practice interface: Findings from a qualitative study

ABSTRACT While rural health-care settings are said to be ideal places for the facilitation of interprofessional education and collaborative practice (IPECP) in students, little is known about the rural-IPECP interface. This study explored this interface through student and clinical educator experiences following implementation of a structured IPECP student placement model. Data were gathered through 11 focus groups with 34 students and 24 clinical educators. Content analysis was used to analyze data and two categories were developed for reporting. The power of place and space, highlighting the importance of flexibility, co-location, and lack of hierarchy in promoting IPECP, as well as the role of shared accommodation in enhancing social connectedness within and outside placement were highlighted. This study unpacks the characteristics of rural health-care settings that make it ideal for IPECP despite the resource constraints. Future studies can investigate the rural-IPECP interface through a patient lens.
Lipopolysaccharide augments microglial GABA uptake by increasing GABA transporter‐1 trafficking and bestrophin‐1 expression

Gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, affects numerous immune cell functions. Microglia, the brain's resident innate immune cells, regulate GABA signaling through GABA receptors and express the complete GABAergic machinery for GABA synthesis, uptake, and release. Here, the use of primary microglial cell cultures and ex vivo brain tissue sections allowed for demonstrating that treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased microglial GABA uptake as well as GABA transporter (GAT)‐1 trafficking. This effect was not entirely abolished by treatment with GAT inhibitors (GAT‐Is). Notably, LPS also induced microglial upregulation of bestrophin‐1 (BEST‐1), a Ca2+‐activated Cl− channel permeable to GABA. Combined administration of GAT‐Is and a BEST‐1 inhibitor completely abolished LPS‐induced microglial GABA uptake. Interestingly, increased microglial GAT‐1 membrane turnover via syntaxin 1A was detected in LPS‐treated cultures after BEST‐1 blockade. Altogether, these findings provided evidence for a novel mechanism through which LPS may trigger the inflammatory response by directly altering microglial GABA clearance and identified the GAT‐1/BEST‐1 interplay as a potential novel mechanism involved in brain inflammation.
Influence of the particle size on polarization-based range-gated imaging in turbid media

The influence of size of the scatterer on the image contrast for polarization-based range-gated imaging in turbid media is investigated here by Monte Carlo method. Circularly polarized light would be more efficient to eliminate the noise photons for both the isotropic medium as well as the anisotropic medium, as compared with linearly polarized light. The improvement in contrast is pronounced for isotropic medium using either linear or circular polarization. The plausible explanations for these observations are also presented.
Effectiveness and safety of Tolvaptan in infants with congenital heart disease

Tolvaptan (TLV) is a selective vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist administered for congestive heart failure (CHF) after inadequate response to other diuretics. The effectiveness and safety of TLV have been evaluated well in adult patients. However, reports on its use in pediatric patients, especially infants, are scarce.
Distribution Similarity based Data Partition and Nearest Neighbor Search on Uncertain Data

-Databases are build with the fixed number of fields and records. Uncertain database contains a different number of fields and records. Clustering techniques are used to group up the relevant records based on the similarity values. The similarity measures are designed to estimate the relationship between the transactions with fixed attributes. The uncertain data similarity is estimated using similarity measures with some modifications. Clustering on uncertain data is one of the essential tasks in mining uncertain data. The existing methods extend traditional partitioning clustering methods like k-means and density-based clustering methods like DBSCAN to uncertain data. Such methods cannot handle uncertain objects. Probability distributions are essential characteristics of uncertain objects have not been considered in measuring similarity between uncertain objects. The customer purchase transaction data is analyzed using uncertain data clustering scheme. The density based clustering mechanism is used for the uncertain data clustering process. This model produces results with minimum accuracy levels. The clustering technique is improved with distribution based similarity model for uncertain data. The nearest neighbor search technique is applied on the distribution based data environment. The system is designed using java as a front end and oracle as a back end.