Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of diabetes mellitus on formation of coronary collateral vessels.

BACKGROUND Although myocardial ischemia is known to be significantly related to the development of coronary collateral vessels (CCVs), there is considerable variation between patients with ischemic heart disease in the presence of collateral development. The nature of this variability is not well known. Likewise, it remains unclear whether diabetes mellitus (DM) has any effect on CCVs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of DM on CCVs. METHODS AND RESULTS Of the patients who underwent coronary angiography during the interval between March 1, 1993, and June 20, 1998, in our institution, 306 were diabetic. Those patients in whom coronary angiography is normal or severity of coronary artery stenosis is thought not to be sufficient for the development of CCVs (<75%) were excluded from the study. A total of 205 patients (mean age, 59+/-8 years) met the criteria for the DM group. For case-control matching, 205 consecutive nondiabetic patients (mean age, 58+/-9 years) who had >/=1 diseased vessel with >75% stenosis were included in the control group. The CCVs were graded according to the Rentrop scoring system, and the collateral score was calculated by summing the Rentrop numbers of every patient. There was no statistical difference between patients with and without DM in clinical baseline characteristics. The mean number of diseased vessels in the DM group (1.58+/-0.68) was higher than that in the nondiabetic group (1.42+/-0.65, P=0.005). The mean collateral score was 2.41+/-2.20 in the DM group and 2.60+/-2.39 in the control group. After confounding variables were controlled for, the collateral score in the diabetic group was significantly different from that in the nondiabetic group (P=0.034). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that CCV development is poorer in patients with than in patients without DM. Thus, we can speculate that DM is an important factor affecting CCV development.
Acanthosis nigricans in obese adolescents: prevalence, impact, and management challenges

Obesity in adolescence is a public health priority because it usually tracks into adulthood, resulting in enormous medical and social costs. This underscores the importance of early identification and intervention. Acanthosis nigricans (AN) was once considered a rare paraneoplastic dermatosis, but is now frequently observed in obese adolescents. Current understanding suggests that it is associated with insulin resistance and has a unique role in secondary prevention. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a comprehensive overview of AN in obese adolescents, covering its history, current knowledge on the condition, its clinical significance, management challenges, and the direction of future research.
Démocratie de représentation et démocratie de participation dans les villes françaises.

Les deux textes presentent certains aspects de l'organisation et du fonctionnement de la democratie communale dans les villes francaises, en evoquant en particulier les rapports entre les gouvernements municipaux, les citoyens et les associations. La democratie locale est fondamentalement une democratie de representation fondee sur l'election, la separation representant/represente et la delegation de pouvoir. Ce modele qui beneficie d'un enracinement historique ancien, conserve malgre ses limites et certaines critiques, une forte legitimite. Il a ete neanmoins conteste des la fin des annees soixante. On lui a reproche d'etre insuffisamment ouvert a la participation directe des citoyens, des mouvements sociaux et des associations. Son efficacite dans la mise en oeuvre des politiques locales a ete egalement mise en cause. Un projet alternatif de democratie locale, fondee sur une participation plus directe des citoyens lui a ete oppose. Plusieurs municipalites ont experimente dans ce sens en creant de nouvelles structures d'information, de participation et de decision.
Devising an Instrument for Determining Students' Preparedness for an Education through Science Learning Approach within the Topic of Natural Hazards.

As global average temperatures rise, there has been an increase in the frequency and magnitude of meteorological natural hazards. To survive in the world and thrive in the work place, students need to utilize educational skills (such as creative thinking, non-routine problem solving, collaboration and systems thinking) and become independent thinkers. Such learning can be encompassed under the heading of education through science. This study strives to develop a research instrument, which meaningfully determines student preparedness for dealing with natural hazards, based on their education through science learning, including student understanding of the Nature of Science (NOS) and Nature of Technology (NOT). The instrument, piloted with students in grades 7th/8th and 10th/11th in North America and Europe, is designed to allow comparisons across cultures. Outcomes show that the devised instrument is suitable for determining student competences and understanding of NOS/NOT associated with values and attitudes for students from different cultural backgrounds, and determining awareness of natural hazards and the use of appropriate behavioural actions related to disaster risk reduction for students from different cultural backgrounds.
Clonal expansion of ovarian germline stem cells during niche formation in Drosophila

Stem cell niches are specific regulatory microenvironments formed by neighboring stromal cells. Owing to difficulties in identifying stem cells and their niches in many systems, mechanisms that control niche formation and stem cell recruitment remain elusive. In the Drosophila ovary, two or three germline stem cells (GSCs) have recently been shown to reside in a niche, in which terminal filaments (TFs) and cap cells are two major components. We report that signals from newly formed niches promote clonal expansion of GSCs during niche formation in the Drosophila ovary. After the formation of TFs and cap cells, anterior primordial germ cells (PGCs) adjacent to TFs/cap cells can develop into GSCs at the early pupal stage while the rest directly differentiate. The anterior PGCs are very mitotically active and exhibit two division patterns with respect to cap cells. One of these patterns generates two daughters that both contact cap cells and potentially become GSCs. Our lineage tracing study confirms that one PGC can generate two or three GSCs to occupy a whole niche (`clonal expansion'). decapentaplegic (dpp), the Drosophila homolog of human bone morphogenetic protein 2/4, is expressed in anterior somatic cells of the gonad, including TFs/cap cells. dpp overexpression promotes PGC proliferation and causes the accumulation of more PGCs in the gonad. A single PGC mutant for thick veins, encoding an essential dpp receptor, loses the ability to clonally populate a niche. Therefore, dpp is probably one of the mitotic signals that promote the clonal expansion of GSCs in a niche. This study also suggests that signals from newly formed niche cells are important for expanding stem cells and populating niches.
Micro base stations in load constrained cellular mobile radio networks

Future cellular mobile radio networks will exhibit a much more dense base station deployment than 2nd or 3rd generation communications systems, particularly with regard to traffic coverage. Hence, a significant increase in power consumption of cellular networks can be expected. In order to counter this trend, energy efficiency of such networks should be increased considerably. Concerning energy efficiency, utilizing micro base stations with their smaller power consumption capabilities appear promising. In this paper we study various homogeneous and heterogeneous deployment strategies incorporating micro base stations with focus on energy efficiency represented by power consumption and throughput. Further, we deal with the impact of different load scenarios on energy efficiency of the various network topologies in more detail.
Diurnal In Vivo and Rapid In Vitro Effects of Estradiol on Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons

A robust surge of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release triggers the luteinizing hormone surge that induces ovulation. The GnRH surge is attributable to estradiol feedback, but the mechanisms are incompletely understood. Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) regulate hormone release and neuronal excitability, and may be part of the surge-generating mechanism. We examined VGCCs of GnRH neurons in brain slices from a model exhibiting daily luteinizing hormone surges. Mice were ovariectomized (OVX), and a subset was treated with estradiol implants (OVX+E). OVX+E mice exhibit negative feedback in the A.M. and positive feedback in the P.M. GnRH neurons express prominent high-voltage-activated (HVA) and small low-voltage-activated (LVA) macroscopic (whole-cell) Ca currents (ICa). LVA-mediated currents were not altered by estradiol or time of day. In contrast, in OVX+E mice, HVA-mediated currents varied with time of day; HVA currents in cells from OVX+E mice were lower than those in cells from OVX mice in the A.M. but were higher in the P.M. These changes were attributable to diurnal alternations in L- and N-type components. There were no diurnal changes in any aspect of HVA-mediated ICa in OVX mice. Acute in vitro treatment of cells from OVX and OVX+E mice with estradiol rapidly increased HVA currents primarily through L- and R-type VGCCs by activating estrogen receptor β and GPR30, respectively. These results suggest multiple mechanisms contribute to the overall feedback regulation of HVA-mediated ICa by estradiol. In combination with changes in synaptic inputs to GnRH neurons, these intrinsic changes in GnRH neurons may play critical roles in estradiol feedback.
Performance Modelling of Multiprocessor System with one High Performance Server

Multiprocessor system models at present are very important and widely used in modelling transaction processing systems, communication networks, mobile networks, and flexible machine shops with groups of machines. Heterogeneous processors system with one faster main server and several identical servers are studied. In this paper reconfiguration and rebooting delays are considered to study the performance measures for both bounded and unbounded system. Numerical results are presented for various performability parameters.
5 G-The Future of Mobile Network

Since the 4G concepts have already moved to the standardization phase, we must begin to work on the building blocks of the following generation (which we refer to as 5G) wireless networks. These networks will facilitate the provision of ubiquitous and affordable broadband (very high speed) wireless connectivity. This paper aims at highlighting some of the concepts and technologies which will facilitate the affordable provision of very high data rates with virtually ubiquitous coverage in 5G wireless networks. We refer to this goal as enabling the 4A paradigm: “any rate, anytime, anywhere, affordable”. In particular, the paper will focus on the coherent integration of advanced radio resource management (RRM) techniques with certain advanced physical layer (PHY) operations in the presence of advanced radio access network (RAN) architectures; we refer to this design principle as the “integrated cross-layer cross-network design”. 5G technologies will change the way most high-bandwidth users access their phones. With 5G pushed over a VOIPenabled device, people will experience a level of call volume and data transmission never experienced before. 5G technology will offer the services in Product Engineering, Documentation, supporting electronic transactions (e-Payments, e-transactions) etc. Today you will hardly witness a cell phone without an mp3 player with huge storage memory and a camera. You can even use the new 5G cell technologies to hook your phone to your laptop for broadband Internet access. The modern day cell phone resembles a hand held computer more than it does a phone, as most of them contain cameras, video players, MP3 recording, and much more. Keywords—4G Cellular networks, RRM , VOIP ,WIMAX.
Nonlinear regularization path for the modified Huber loss Support Vector Machines

Regularization path algorithms have been proposed to deal with model selection problem in several machine learning approaches. These algorithms allow to compute the entire path of solutions for every value of regularization parameter using the fact that their solution paths have piecewise linear form. In this paper, we propose nonlinear regularization path for the Support Vector Machine (SVM) with a modified Huber loss. We first show that the solution path of the modified Huber loss SVM is represented as piecewise nonlinear function. Since the solutions between two breakpoints are characterized by a rational function, the breakpoint itself can be identified solving the rational equations. Then we develop an efficient iterative algorithm to solve these rational equations with quadratic convergence rate. Note that our algorithm is NOT a predictor-corrector type method that can only follow nonlinear regularization path with rough approximation. We show the algorithm performance on some artificial and real data sets
Implementation of extended Kalman filtering algorithm with improved flux estimator on TMS320F28335 processor for induction sensorless drive

This paper describes a real-time speed estimation of an induction motor (IM) based on the extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The algorithm was implemented on the TMS320F28335 digital signal processor (DSP), which is capable to perform complex mathematical transformations. The proposed vector control system was firstly modelled in MATLAB Simulink and then verified using Code Composer Studio (CCS). An improved rotor flux estimator is introduced, which makes the presented estimation technique similar to the MRAS-based estimators.
Astroglial Metabolic Networks Sustain Hippocampal Synaptic Transmission

www.sciencemag. org (this information is current as of January 5, 2009 ): The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/322/5907/1551 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/322/5907/1551/DC1 can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/322/5907/1551#otherarticles , 5 of which can be accessed for free: cites 13 articles This article http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/collection/neuroscience Neuroscience : subject collections This article appears in the following http://www.sciencemag. org/about/permissions.dtl in whole or in part can be found at: this article permission to reproduce of this article or about obtaining reprints Information about obtaining
Recovering Component Dependencies Hidden by Frameworks--Experiences from Analyzing OSGi and Qt

In this paper we present experiences we made in the identification and analysis of software dependencies in the context of two popular software development frameworks: OSGi and Qt. Both frameworks are designed for minimizing coupling between software entities by enabling late binding. In case of OSGi, it is the service-oriented bundle concept, in Qt it is the signals and slots mechanisms, that hide dependencies from the programmer at development-time. However, in order to keep an overview of the system it is mandatory to reveal a bigger picture in terms of components and their connections as they are going to exist during runtime. In this paper, we elaborate on the experiences we made in dependency identification and analysis in the context of an industrial and an academic project. In particular, we show how the framework mechanisms of Qt and OSGi can be analyzed in order to reveal a system's component dependencies without having to execute the software.
MICE-f: Financial Reviews Analysis using Category Model

In the domain of financial, financial news, articles, reports about financial reviews are helpful and important information which give investors or financial analyst an indication to help decision making in financial matters. However, due to the volume of this information and the diversity of financial topics, it is difficult for a human to track and interpret each of them in a consistent manner. Based on this motivation, we propose that this information can be classified into categories, in which the categories are based on a particular objective and goal as required by a user. In each category, the financial information is further classified based on a status indicator, to reflect the positive, neutral or negative status in term of financial outlook stated in the information. Thus, user can directly focus on interested financial topic, and get an indication about the financial outlook of that topic. For classification purpose, we propose to combine linguistic technique and statistical technique to select features to represent the categories and status indicators. In this work, we present the architecture of MICE-f that will crawl financial information from multiple financial sources and classify them based on the defined categories and status indicators.
A review of wave energy converter technology

Abstract Ocean waves are a huge, largely untapped energy resource, and the potential for extracting energy from waves is considerable. Research in this area is driven by the need to meet renewable energy targets, but is relatively immature compared to other renewable energy technologies. This review introduces the general status of wave energy and evaluates the device types that represent current wave energy converter (WEC) technology, particularly focusing on work being undertaken within the United Kingdom. The possible power take-off systems are identified, followed by a consideration of some of the control strategies to enhance the efficiency of point absorber-type WECs. There is a lack of convergence on the best method of extracting energy from the waves and, although previous innovation has generally focused on the concept and design of the primary interface, questions arise concerning how best to optimize the powertrain. This article concludes with some suggestions of future developments.
Redesigning xen's memory sharing mechanism for safe and efficient I/O virtualization

Xen's memory sharing mechanism, called the grant mechanism, is used to share I/O buffers in guest domains' memory with a driver domain. Previous studies have identified the grant mechanism as a significant source of network I/O overhead in Xen. This paper describes a redesigned grant mechanism to significantly reduce the associated overheads. Unlike the original grant mechanism, the new mechanism allows guest domains to unilaterally issue and revoke grants. As a result, the new mechanism makes it simple for the guest OS to reduce the number of grant issue and revoke operations that are needed for I/O by taking advantage of temporal and/or spatial locality in its use of I/O buffers. Another benefit of the new mechanism is that it provides a unified interface for memory sharing, whether between guest and driver domains, or between guest domains and I/O devices using IOMMU hardware. We have developed an implementation of the new grant mechanism that fully supports driver domains, but not yet IOMMUs. The paper presents performance results using this implementation which show that the new mechanism reduces per-packet overhead by up to 31% and increases network throughput by up to 52%.
The somatotopic organization of the olfactory bulb in elasmobranchs

The olfactory bulbs (OBs) are bilaterally paired structures in the vertebrate forebrain that receive and process odor information from the olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in the periphery. Virtually all vertebrate OBs are arranged chemotopically, with different regions of the OB processing different types of odorants. However, there is some evidence that elasmobranch fishes (sharks, rays, and skates) may possess a gross somatotopic organization instead. To test this hypothesis, we used histological staining and retrograde tracing techniques to examine the morphology and organization of ORN projections from the olfactory epithelium (OE) to the OB in three elasmobranch species with varying OB morphologies. In all three species, glomeruli in the OB received projections from ORNs located on only the three to five lamellae situated immediately anterior within the OE. These results support that the gross arrangement of the elasmobranch OB is somatotopic, an organization unique among fishes and most other vertebrates. In addition, certain elasmobranch species possess a unique OB morphology in which each OB is physically subdivided into two or more “hemi‐olfactory bulbs. ” Somatotopy could provide a preadaptation which facilitated the evolution of olfactory hemibulbs in these species. J. Morphol. , 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantum Simulators

Ultimate Simulator Many body problems are difficult to model analytically and are often so complex that they cannot be simulated accurately on a classical computer. Because quantum systems can be inherently correlated, it has been proposed that such systems could be used to simulate other complex problems. Buluta and Nori (p. 108) review the progress being made toward realizing quantum simulators, describing some of the implementations and potential applications of using such controlled quantum systems as simulator tools. Quantum simulators are controllable quantum systems that can be used to simulate other quantum systems. Being able to tackle problems that are intractable on classical computers, quantum simulators would provide a means of exploring new physical phenomena. We present an overview of how quantum simulators may become a reality in the near future as the required technologies are now within reach. Quantum simulators, relying on the coherent control of neutral atoms, ions, photons, or electrons, would allow studying problems in various fields including condensed-matter physics, high-energy physics, cosmology, atomic physics, and quantum chemistry.
Researching Forensic Linguistics

Researching Forensic Linguistics is an informative hands-on guide to conducting research in forensic linguistics that can underpin legal and justice practices and address social justice problems involving language. Georgina Heydon takes readers step by step through the research process using case studies that draw on different types of forensic and legal language data such as police interviews, anonymous reports of sexual assault, threatening letters and justice stakeholder interviews. Each chapter is framed by a language problem arising from either forensic linguistic case work or a key issue in language and the law. Up-to-date research methods in forensic linguistics are presented, including authorship attribution using online corpora, practice-based linguistic analysis and experimental techniques. This is an ideal companion for linguists who want to apply their skills to a forensic setting, for practitioners in the legal and justice fields seeking to understand how linguistic analysis can support their work, and any student undertaking research in forensic linguistics within English language, linguistics, applied linguistics and legal studies.
Current and former relationship with ex-partner: How is it related to psychological adaptation to grey divorce?

Reference • Amato, P. R. (2000). The consequences of divorce for adults and children. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62(4), 1269-1287. Figure 1. Psychological adaptation across three waves, predicted by prior and current relation to the ex-partner, personality traits and socio-demographic variables (final latent autoregressive model). Depr = depressive Symptoms; Life satis = life satisfaction. For simplicity, we omitted the effects of control variables. All the reported parameters are standardized. Fit indices: χ2 (2804) = 3331, p <. 001, CFI = . 967; TLI = . 965; RMSEA = . 026, 90% Cl [. 023 . 030]. †p < . 10. *p < . 05. **p < . 01. ***p < . 001. Study description and statistical analyses