Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reducing torque ripple of induction motor control via direct torque control

The induction motor is extremely well known and used as an alternating current (AC) machine. Therefore, torque and speed regulations are very essential for this type of machine. This paper presents direct torque control (DTC) based on induction motors (IM). The mathematical model of IM is reported, and the machine is modeled in a synchronous coordinate farm. Classic DTC is applied to IM with two bandwidths of hysteresis controller for electromagnetic torque and stator flux. The system is simulated and investigated via MATLAB/Simulink and the results carry out a high ripple on the torque. There are numerous of improving torque response, one of them is adding a new loop for speed with proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) controllers. IM model with PID based on DTC is simulated through MATLAB. A contrast performance of IM is presented between traditional DTC and DTC with PID. As result, the new DTC with PID carries out improvement in the speed response as well reduces the ripples of torque.
Interplay between cyber supply chain risk management practices and cyber security performance

PurposeThis study aims to examine whether the cyber supply chain risk management (CSCRM) practices adopted by manufacturing firms contribute to achieving cyber supply chain (CSC) visibility. Studies have highlighted the necessity of having visibility across interconnected supply chains. Thus, this study examines the extent of CSCRM practices enabling CSC visibility to act as a mediator in achieving CSC performance.Design/methodology/approachA survey method was used to obtain data from the electrical and electronics manufacturing firms registered with the Federations of Malaysian Manufacturers directory. Data from 130 respondents were analysed using IBM SPSS and PLS-SEM.FindingsThis study empirically proves a dedicated governance team's integral role in setting the security tone within its CSC. The result also confirms the significant role that CSC visibility plays in achieving CSC performance. As theorised in the literature, there is also a strong direct relationship between CSC visibility and CSC performance, assuring manufacturing firms that investments and policies devised to improve CSC visibility are fruitful.Originality/valueThe significance of supply chain visibility in an integrated supply chain is recognised and studied using analytical models, behavioural techniques and case studies. Substantial empirical evidence on the CSCRM practices which contributes towards achieving supply chain visibility is still elusive. This study's major contribution lies in identifying CSCRM practices that can contribute towards achieving CSC visibility, and the mediating role CSC visibility plays in achieving CSC performance.
MIRA : Moment Invariability Analysis of Footprint Features

Person authentication using footprint is still an abandoned field even though it has physiological and behavioral both types of available features due to unavailibilty of dataset. To examine the credibility of footprint we have collected the footprint dataset. This dataset collection is done in 2 phases. 1) We have collected the 2 footprint samples of each foot from 110 persons and 2) We have collected the 5 footprint sample of each foot from 80 people. The paper scanner is used for the data collection and whole footprint is captured. The collected samples are taken at different orientations and position, sometimes scanner is not aligned and creates noise.To overcome these problem a footprint image requires extensive preprocessing. To make any image invariant to translation and rotation, we use Hu’s 7 moment invariant features. It can efficiently check that an input image belongs to a particular person or not even after translation, scaling and rotation. The probability of translation and scaling is very less in footprint, but slight rotation in foot image is noticeable, which could result in different geometry features for same person. This technique is not suitable for the authentication but it can surely reduce the sample space by rejecting the samples. If the difference of 3rd order moment invariant value of two samples is more then the decided threshold, then samples surely does not belong to the same person. This reduced sample size could be used further in authentication. It reduces the time complexity and computation cost. We tested it on 1320 images with the FMR of 4.52% and FNMR of 5.18%. It leads us to the conclusion that 3rd order of moment is enough to make any image rotation invariant.
Refined Noether Normalization Theorem and Sharp Degree Bounds for Dominating Morphisms

Abstract After the proof of a not very known refinement of the Noether Normalization Theorem, we obtain two sharp degree bounds for the geometric degree of a dominating morphism of irreducible affine algebraic varieties and for the degree of the components of the inverse of an isomorphism of such varieties, generalizing by this way the well-known Gabber bound for automorphisms of affine spaces.
Accuracy of period determination

Periods of oscillation are frequently found using one of two methods: least-squares (LSQ) fit or power spectrum. Their errors are estimated using the LSQ correlation matrix or the Rayleigh resolution criterion δv R = 1/ΔT, respectively. It is demonstrated that both estimates are statistically incorrect. On the one hand the LSQ covariance matrix does not account for correlation of residuals from the fit. Neglect of the correlations may cause large underestimation of the variance. On the other hand the Rayleigh resolution criterion is insensitive to signal-to-noise ratio and thus does not reflect quality of observations. The correct variance estimates are derived for the two methods.
A BAYESIAN SIMULATION APPROACH TO INFERENCE ON A MULTI‐STATE LATENT FACTOR INTENSITY MODEL

The influence of economic conditions on the movement of a variable between states (for example a change in credit rating from A to B) can be modelled using a multi‐state latent factor intensity framework. Estimation of this type of model is, however, not straightforward, as transition probabilities are involved and the model contains a few highly analytically intractable distributions. In this paper, a Bayesian approach is adopted to manage the distributions. The innovation in the sampling algorithm used to obtain the posterior distributions of the model parameters includes a particle filter step and a Metropolis–Hastings step within a Gibbs sampler. The feasibility and accuracy of the proposed sampling algorithm is supported with a few simulated examples. The paper contains an application concerning what caused 1049 firms to change their credit ratings over a span of ten years.
Development of a dynamic model for the subfilter scalar variance using the concept of optimal estimators

The concept of optimal estimators, recently introduced by Moreau et al. [Phys. Fluids 18, 1 (2006)] is used as an a priori tool to discuss the accuracy of subfilter models. Placed in the framework of large-eddy simulation of combustion problems, this work focuses on the subfilter models used to evaluate the subfilter variance of a conserved scalar, the mixture fraction. The a priori tests are performed using 5123 direct numerical simulation data of forced homogeneous isotropic turbulence. First, the performance of the most commonly used models for the subfilter variance is studied. Using optimal estimators, the Smagorinsky-type model [Pierce and Moin, Phys. Fluids 10, 3041 (1998)] is shown to have the best set of parameters. However, the conventional dynamic formulation of the model leads to large errors in the variance prediction. It was found that assumptions used in the model formulation are not verified. A new dynamic procedure based on a Taylor series expansion is then proposed to improve the predict.
Dependency of Liquid Crystal of In-Plane Switching Mode on Rubbing Angle

Rubbing angle between rubbing direction and electrode of In-plane switching (IPS) mode, is a key factor deciding liquid crystal behavior. We have derived the solution of liquid crystal (LC) motion of non-zero rubbing angle under weak electric field for IPS mode. Dependence of electro-optical characteristics on rubbing angle of non-negligible size was analyzed.
Measurement of Susceptibility Tensor in Ferrites

Experimental techniques for measuring the magnetic susceptibility tensor components in microwave cavities are described. General expressions for the perturbation of microwave cavities by the magnetic properties of ferrites are developed. Experimental results are given for Ferramic 1331 measured at 9165 Mcps. Since these results indicate that both the real and imaginary parts of the tensor components χ and κ are approximately equal to each other in the resonance region, only measurement of the diagonal components may suffice to specify the complete tensor. However, whenever the small differences between χ and κ are desired, measurement of the tensor susceptibility in a degenerate cavity will be necessary. An attempt has been made to compare the experimental results with the Bloch‐Bloembergen magnetic resonance theory as applied to circularly polarized excitation.
The graph isomorphism problem

A chemically and graph‐theoretically relevant problem is that of determining whether a pair of graphs G and G′ are isomorphic. A two‐stage computational test is developed. In the first stage an “eigenvalue‐eigenprojector” tabular graph‐theoretic invariant is computed, whence if the two tables differ, G and G′ must be nonisomorphic. The second stage, utilizing the tables of the first stage, orders the vertices, thereby leading to a special labeling for them, whence if the associated adjacency matrices for G and G′ are equal, it must be that G and G′ are isomorphic. The computational implementation, and testing of the algorithm is described.
Impact of multiple scattering on simulated infrared cloud scene images

The 3D volumetric character of clouds is a critically important factor in determining cloud structure as seen in infrared imagery. Using a longwave cloud scene simulator which images a 3D cloud volume, the 3D structure has been shown to be particularly important when viewing at low grazing angles. In order to conduct analyses of cloud scene structure in MW and visible bands as well, the longwave simulator has been significantly upgraded to perform imaging of clouds with multiple scattering included. The multiple scattering algorithm is based on a WKB approximation method for the exact radiative transfer problem, and comprehends the spatial variations in optical properties within the cloud volume. As a first analysis, we have generated a cloud scene which is backlit by the sun, and systematically assess the contributions of the thermal, solar, and multiple scattering mechanisms within the imagery. As might be expected, multiple scattering has its greatest impact at the cloud edges in the MW band, where the `silver lining' is formed.
A proper motion survey for pre-main-sequence stars in Taurus-Auriga

A proper motion survey to search for pre-main-sequence stars near the Taurus-Auriga molecular cloud is presented. Spectra of 209 possible Taurus proper motion members selected from an initial sample of 4600 stars with V≤16 in a 8.9 square degree region are obtained. There is no evidence, in this survey, for a population of «post-T Tauri» stars with ages more nearly comparable to the crossing time for the molecular cloud complex
Comparison of SLAM algorithms on omnidirectional four wheel mobile robot

—In this article we present a comparative analysis of various SLAM algorithms. We compared robot trajectories computed by three ROS-based SLAM algorithms to a reference trajectory obtained from Vicon motion capture system. For data acquisition purposes we used mobile robot with four omnidirectional ( mecanum ) wheels. Our mobile platform was equiped with following sensors: 3D lidar, a RGB-D camera and motor encoders. Experiments were conducted indoor in an ofﬁce environment. Acquired dataset was used as an input data for all algorithms that we tested. Following algorithms have been taken into account: Livox Mapping, RTAB-Map and Cartographer.
The Millimeter- and Submillimeter-Wave Spectrum of the trans-trans Conformer of Diethyl Ether (C2H5OC2H5)

Since dimethyl ether is found to have a high abundance in hot cores, it is reasonable to search among such sources for detectable abundances of the more complex analogs ethyl methyl ether (C2H5OCH3) and diethyl ether (C2H5OC2H5). Indeed, preliminary detections of both complex ethers have been reported. Definitive interstellar searches do require laboratory spectra, however, but for many years only low-frequency data have been available for both of these species. Following our recent study of the millimeter-wave and submillimeter-wave spectrum of ethyl methyl ether, we report here the study of the millimeter- and submillimeter-wave spectrum of the lowest energy conformer of diethyl ether. With four different spectrometers, over 1000 new spectral lines have been measured and analyzed at frequencies up to 350 GHz. Fitting the data to a set of spectroscopic parameters from the Watson A-reduced form of the asymmetric-top Hamiltonian has allowed us to predict the frequencies and intensities of many more transitions through 400 GHz. A more precise determination of the electric dipole moment of diethyl ether was also carried out, resulting in μ = μb = 1.0976(9) D.
Scheduling production of common components at a single facility

We consider a model which deals with the fabrication of products at a single facility for later assembly into end products. Each product requires several part types: one unique part and others that are common to all the products. Also each production batch requires a setup. Baker provides a dynamic programming algorithm to determine a production schedule for minimizing the mean completion time for the case where each product requires only two part types: one unique and the other which is common to all products. In this paper we extend his analysis to our more general case.
On the nonlinear interaction between global teleconnection patterns

Processes of nonlinear interaction between teleconnection patterns are addressed. Evidence of chaotic behaviour for the relationship between the Arctic Oscillation (AO), the Southern Oscillation (SO), and the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) is examined using cross‐redundancy and Granger causality. The analysis is carried out for three epochs of the twentieth century, during which different trends of global temperature were observed. To study the influence of low‐frequency variations, a wavelet decomposition is applied. Presented results display many well‐known features of feedbacks between climate change and observed trends in the indices of teleconnection patterns. By using wavelet detail components, some behaviour is revealed as being particularly pure. At the same time, some findings require considerable further work, especially the apparent nonlinear interaction between the AO and the AAO. Our results are encouraging for the prospects of a useful model describing climate changes at the decadal and centurial time‐scales. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society
Master Computer Science Cell Trajectory studies Exploring new cell trajectory tracking algorithms with neutrophil cells

Neutrophil migration has a remarkable effect in many research areas such as cancer cell studies[1], tumor invasion[5], response of wounding[10], etc. Despite numerous researches have been done on neutrophil cells in the past, a large part of it still remains unclear due to its complex nature. Cell trajectory tracking has been one of the common ways to understand neutrophil migration characteristics. Further understanding of cell movement behavior could potentially provide new insights to biologists on their research work. Thus, this research explores new tracking models and evaluates them to the existing ones based on the evaluation methods proposed by Smith Kevin, Gatica-Perez Daniel[9]. Four algorithms namely Viterbi, Viterbi with Multi-Layer Threshold (Viterbi-MLT), Viterbi with Single Layer Threshold (Viterbi-SLT) and Feature weighted routing are developed. Viterbi-MLT an enhanced Viterbi algorithm that is designed to put nearby cell’s trajectory into account during route decision outperformed other algorithms in three out of four evaluation methods and achieved a comparable result on the fourth measurement. On the other hand, it is observed that the top performing models generally do better in either the first three or the last evaluation measurement. Thus, there is no absolutely best algorithm under current evaluation scheme but the individual algorithm has its own advantage. However, the Viterbi-MLT model is conceivably the overall best algorithm despite its slight underperformance in one of the indices.
Job Burnout Effects on Employees' Attitudes in Egyptian Travel Agencies

Due to current competitiveness among the Egyptian travel agencies, they need to provide high quality services to satisfy and meet the expectations of their customers. Consequently, a highly stressed work environment among employees is created. In addition, low salaries, role conflict, and long work hours at travel agencies lead to job burnout, which creates negative effects on employees' attitudes toward work, such as absenteeism, employee turnover, and poor performance . It also affects their physical and psychological health. This study aims to understand the burnout phenomenon and identify sources of burnout among employees in travel agencies. It also investigates the relationship between the burnout dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment and the employees' attitudes toward their work. To achieve the purpose of this paper a questionnaire is designed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to determine burnout feelings of employees. The survey has been applied to284employees in travel agencies. The findings reveal that there is a statistically significant relationship between burnout and the employees' attitudes toward their work. The results also determine that the employees' turnover intentions strongly affected by burnout. Moreover, employees with work experience of 5 to 10 years and group aging between 31 to 40years old are more likely to experience burnout. Finally, the study recommends that travel agencies need to develop strategies to handle burnout effectively.
Extending the UTAUT model to understand the barriers towards SME digitalization

Digitalization has been identified as a core growth driver for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in this digital era. This study investigates the drivers and barriers aligned with the tendency of owner-managers of SMEs to adopt digitalization. A conceptual framework is developed that extends the unified theory of acceptance and technology (UTAUT) with an anxiety-digitalized environment as a moderating factor of SME owner-managers' intention to adopt digitalization. A quantitative methodology is used to gauge responses from 89 respondents (owner-managers). Additionally, the variance-based structural equation modelling approach (PLS-SEM) is used to analyse and validate the proposed model. Results show that attitude positively mediates the relationship between performance expectancy and intention to adopt digitalization. However, effort expectancy and facilitating conditions were found to negatively influence attitude and intention to adopt digitalization. On the contrary, the results obtained did not confirm the significance of an anxiety-digitalized environment in moderation analyses. Consequently, the overall structural model accounted for 51.1% of the variance in the intention to adopt digitalization among SMEs. This study has theoretically and practically contributed to understanding owner-managers' intent to adopt digitalization of SMEs in the Czech Republic.
A scattering approach to the quantization of Hamiltonians in two dimensions-application to the wedge billiard

We extend the scattering approach to quantize general Hamiltonian systems in two dimensions and demonstrate it for the wedge billiard. The resulting energy levels are given by the zeros of a secular equation. The corresponding wavefunctions may also be constructed. We verify analytically that this quantization condition is exact in the case of the integrable wedges. This method has been applied successfully to computing numerically a few thousand levels for various values of the angle. Using these data, we can check the Gutzwiller trace formula and other semiclassical relations involving the scattering matrix and periodic orbits, for which we find excellent agreement.
Empirical modeling of South Africa’s external debt on economic growth (1994 -2020): NARDL Cointegration approach

: The objective of this study is to examine the asymmetric relationship between external debt and economic growth in South Africa for a period spanning from 1994 to 2020. The study consumed an annual time series data. The study further used bounds test cointegration to investigate the long run relationship between GDP and external debt. However, the long run relationship was not found, therefore, the long run NARDL cannot estimated. The short run findings of the study state that the positive and negative shocks in foreign debt stock is -0.198 and -0.288 for each, respectively. Every 1% rise in the foreign debt stock reduces GDP growth by 0.198 percent, whereas every 1% reduction in the external debt stock boosts GDP growth by 0.288 percent When the foreign debt stock value is positive, GDP increases faster than when it is negative. Conversely, falling foreign debt leads to faster GDP growth than rising external debt. Because the estimated elasticities range greatly in importance and direction, it seems that a change in ED has an uneven impact on GDP. Therefore, South African policymakers should concentrate on enacting measures that would allow the South African economy to decrease its foreign debt.
Mind Map Generator

: We are currently living in the so-called information age generating huge volumes of data every second. With such huge volumes of data generated every second the process of going through the entire data and extracting relevant information out of it is tedious. This is where mind maps can be useful as an effective knowledge representation tool. Mind-mapping is a process in which we draw a diagram in a way similar to how our brain visualizes the information. A common problem that arises when people draw these mind-maps manually is that there is no way to verify the correctness of the drawn mind-maps. Moreover, this process is very time-consuming and requires a lot of patience and stamina from the person who is drawing these mind-maps. Therefore, the need to generate mind maps automatically from text arose. This is the main aim of our project.is to automatically generate mind-maps directly from the text given as input using natural language processing and text-mining algorithms. We have developed a full-featured web-application where the user can directly put text and generate the corresponding mind-map of the text.
Have Your Epideictic Rhetoric, and Eat It, Too

This article examines how an “occasional cake”—a cake decorated to celebrate a birthday or other event—is an example of epideictic rhetoric and a potential medium for activism. I support this claim with observations from a personal case study, decorating birthday cakes for a charitable nonprofit that provides personalized birthday parties for children experiencing homelessness. In this process, I discovered that the multimodality of the cakes was a significant factor in making a compelling claim that these children’s lives are worth acknowledging and celebrating. I suggest that the making of activist, epideictic, occasional cakes is a potential multimodal composition assignment that would invite students to consider mode and process, cultural values, and relational ethics. In addition to its pedagogical implications, this study demonstrates the importance of investigating the potential of nondigital mediums for making activist arguments.