Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tensor total variation approach to optical coherence tomography reconstruction for improved visualization of retinal microvasculature

A novel optical coherence tomography (OCT) reconstruction approach is introduced for improved visualization of inner-retina capillaries in retinal OCT tomograms. The proposed method utilizes a minimization framework based on a tensor total variation (TTV) energy functional, to enforce capillary structural characteristics in the spatial domain. By accounting for structure tensor characteristics, the TTV reconstruction method allows for contrast enhancement of capillary structural characteristics. The novel TTV method was tested on high resolution OCT images acquired in-vivo from the foveal region of the retina of a healthy human subject. Experimental results demonstrate significant contrast and visibility enhancement of the inner retina capillaries in the retinal OCT tomograms, achieved by use of the TTV reconstruction method. Therefore, the TTV method has a strong potential for improved disease progression analysis based on the study of disease-induced changes in the inner retina vasculature.
Optically Unseen H I Detections toward the Virgo Cluster Detected in the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey

We report the discovery by the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) survey of eight H I features not coincident with stellar counterparts in the Virgo Cluster region. All of the H I clouds have cz < 3000 km s-1 and, if at the Virgo distance, H I masses between 1.9 × 107 and 1.1 × 109 M☉. Four of the eight objects were reported or hinted at by previous studies and "rediscovered" by ALFALFA. While some clouds appear to be associated with optical galaxies in their vicinity, others show no clear association with a stellar counterpart. Two of them are embedded in relatively dense regions of the cluster and are associated with M49 and M86; they were previously known. The others are mostly located in peripheral regions of the cluster. Especially notable are a concentration of objects toward the so-called M cloud, 3°-5° to the northwest of M87, and a complex of several clouds projected roughly halfway between M87 and M49. The object referred to as VIRGOHI 21 and proposed to be a "dark galaxy" is also detected and shown to be a tidal feature associated with NGC 4254.
Active Control of Instabilities in Laminar Boundary-layer Flow{ Part I: an Overview

This paper (the rst in a series) focuses on using active-control methods to maintain laminar ow in a region of the ow in which the natural instabilities, if left unattended, lead to turbulent o w. The authors review previous studies that examine wave cancellation (currently the most prominent method) and solve the unsteady, nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations to evaluate this method of controlling instabilities. It is denitively shown that instabilities are controlled by the linear summation of waves (i.e., wave cancellation). Although a mathematically complete method for controlling arbitrary instabilities has been developed (but not yet tested), the review, duplication, and physical explanation of previous studies are important steps for providing an independent v erication of those studies, for establishing a framework for subsequent w ork which will involve automated transition control, and for detailing the phenomena by-which the automated studies can be used to expand knowledge of ow control.
Achievable catalog size in peer-to-peer video-on-demand systems

We analyze a system where n set-top boxes with same upload and storage capacities collaborate to serve r videos simultaneously (a typical value is r = n). We give upper and lower bounds on the catalog size of the system, i.e. the maximal number of distinct videos that can be stored in such a system so that any demand of at most r videos can be served. Besides r/n, the catalog size is constrained by the storage capacity, the upload capacity, and the maximum number of simultaneous connections a box can open. We show that the achievable catalog size drastically increases when the upload capacity of the boxes becomes strictly greater than the playback rate of videos.
User tasks for evaluation: untangling the terminology throughout visualization design and development

User tasks play a pivotal role in evaluation throughout visualization design and development. However, the term 'task' is used ambiguously within the visualization community. In this position paper, we critically analyze the relevant literature and systematically compare definitions for 'task' and the usage of related terminology. In doing so, we identify a three-dimensional conceptual space of user tasks in visualization. Using these dimensions, visualization researchers can better formulate their contributions which helps advance visualization as a whole.
Osmose

Osmose is an immersive virtual environment, produced by Softimage in 1994/95. One of the primary goals of Osmose was to push the expressive capabilities of existing 3D tools, to demonstrate that an alternative aesthetic and interactive sensibility is possible for real-time, interactive, 3D computer graphics. Osmose was created under the direction of Char Davies, the Director of Visual Research at Softimage. A former painter, as well as a creator of 3D computer graphic stills, Davies has a particular artistic vision which has driven the project. Davies has been striving for years to represent space as a luminous enveloping medium. This has led her from painting to 3D computer graphics, and finally into creating immersive virtual spaces. One of Davies' intentions for Osmose was to create a space that is "psychically innovating," one in which, to quote Bachelard, participants do not change "place," but change their own nature. Osmose was therefore designed to explore the potential of immersive virtual space to allow participants to shed their habitual ways of looking at (and behaving in) the world. By doing this, we hoped they would then emerge from the virtual world to experience the real world in a fresh way, reawakening a fundamental sense of their own "being-in-the-world. " We hoped that this could be accomplished through the visual, aural and interactive aesthetic of the work.
Optimized Rapeseed Oils Rich in Endogenous Micronutrients Protect High Fat Diet Fed Rats from Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress

Micronutrients in rapeseed exert a potential benefit to hepatoprotection, but most of them are lost during the conventional refining processing. Thus some processing technologies have been optimized to improve micronutrient retention in oil. The aim of this study is to assess whether optimized rapeseed oils (OROs) have positive effects on hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress induced by a high-fat diet. Methods: Rats received experiment diets containing 20% fat and refined rapeseed oil or OROs obtained with various processing technologies as lipid source. After 10 weeks of treatment, liver was assayed for lipid accumulation and oxidative stress. Results: All OROs reduced hepatic triglyceride contents. Microwave pretreatment-cold pressing oil (MPCPO) which had the highest micronutrients contents also reduced hepatic cholesterol level. MPCPO significantly decreased hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP1) but increased peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) expressions, and as a result, MPCPO significantly suppressed acetyl CoA carboxylase and induced carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 and acyl CoA oxidase expression. Hepatic catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) contents remarkably increased and lipid peroxidation levels decreased in parallel with the increase of micronutrients. Conclusion: OROs had the ability to reduce excessive hepatic fat accumulation and oxidative stress, which indicated that OROs might contribute to ameliorating nonalcoholic fatty liver induced by high-fat diet.
TEXES OBSERVATIONS OF M SUPERGIANTS: DYNAMICS AND THERMODYNAMICS OF WIND ACCELERATION

We have detected [Fe ii] 17.94 μm and 24.52 μm emission from a sample of M supergiants (μ Cep, α Sco, α Ori, CE Tau, AD Per, and α Her) using the Texas Echelon Cross Echelle Spectrograph on NASA's Infrared Telescope Facility. These low opacity emission lines are resolved at R ≃ 50, 000 and provide new diagnostics of the dynamics and thermodynamics of the stellar wind acceleration zone. The [Fe ii] lines, from the first excited term (a4F), are sensitive to the warm plasma where energy is deposited into the extended atmosphere to form the chromosphere and wind outflow. These diagnostics complement previous Kuiper Airborne Observatory and Infrared Space Observatory observations which were sensitive to the cooler and more extended circumstellar envelopes. The turbulent velocities of Vturb ≃ 12–13 km s−1 observed in the [Fe ii] a4F forbidden lines are found to be a common property of our sample, and are less than that derived from the hotter chromospheric C ii] 2325 Å lines observed in α Ori, where Vturb ≃ 17–19 km s−1. For the first time, we have dynamically resolved the motions of the dominant cool atmospheric component discovered in α Ori from multiwavelength radio interferometry by Lim et al. Surprisingly, the emission centroids are quite Gaussian and at rest with respect to the M supergiants. These constraints combined with model calculations of the infrared emission line fluxes for α Ori imply that the warm material has a low outflow velocity and is located close to the star. We have also detected narrow [Fe i] 24.04 μm emission that confirms Fe ii is the dominant ionization state in α Ori's extended atmosphere.
CHERI: a research platform deconflating hardware virtualisation and protection

Contemporary CPU architectures conflate virtualization and protection, imposing virtualization-related performance, programmability, and debuggability penalties on software requiring finegrained protection. First observed in micro-kernel research, these problems are increasingly apparent in recent attempts to mitigate software vulnerabilities through application compartmentalisation. Capability Hardware Enhanced RISC Instructions (CHERI) extend RISC ISAs to support greater software compartmentalisation. CHERI’s hybrid capability model provides fine-grained compartmentalisation within address spaces while maintaining software backward compatibility, which will allow the incremental deployment of fine-grained compartmentalisation in both our most trusted and least trustworthy C-language software stacks. We have implemented a 64-bit MIPS research soft core, BERI, as well as a capability coprocessor, and begun adapting commodity software packages (FreeBSD and Chromium) to execute on the platform.
Pedestrian Detection Using Structured SVM

With the advent of smart car and even driverless cars, the importance of intelligent driver’s system has been rapidly growing. Accordingly, driver’s vision has become one of the most popular issues and especially detecting some obstacles and pedestrians on the road are at the center of the vision problem in order to prevent accidents. Motivated by the importance of such topics, we implemented the human detector in the project. Our approach is based on Deformable Part Model[1], one of the most powerful method for object detection. In the learning part of the system, we applied Structured SVM (SSVM) instead of Latent SVM (LSVM) which is used in [1]. The major goal of this project is not only to understand how differnt types of SVM can work on the detection problem but also to apply SSVM on our pedestrian detection problem.
A Method for Modeling Multiple Antenna Channels

In this paper we propose a method for modeling the correlation between the received signals by two or more antennas operating in a multipath environment. Considering the maximum excess delay in the channel being modeled, an elliptical region surrounding both transmitter and receiver antennas is produced. A number of scatterers are randomly distributed in this region and scatter the incoming waves. The amplitude and phase of incoming waves are computed and used to obtain statistical properties of the received signals. This model has the distinguishable advantage of being applicable for any configuration of antennas. Furthermore the common PDF (Probability Distribution Function) of received wave amplitudes for any pair of antennas can be calculated and used to produce statistical parameters of received signals. Keywords—MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), SIMO (Single Input Multiple Output), GBSBEM (Geometrically Based Single Bounce Elliptical Model).
Quantum fractals on n-spheres

Using the Clifford algebra formalism we extend the quantum jumps algorithm of the Event Enhanced Quantum Theory (EEQT) to convex state figures other than those stemming from convex hulls of complex projective spaces that form the basis for the standard quantum theory. We study quantum jumps on n-dimensional spheres, jumps that are induced by symmetric configurations of non-commuting state monitoring detectors. The detectors cause quantum jumps via geometrically induced conformal maps (Mobius transformations) and realize iterated function systems (IFS) with fractal attractors located on ndimensional spheres. We also extend the formalism to mixed states, represented by “density matrices” in the standard formalism, (the nballs), but such an extension does not lead to new results, as there is a natural mechanism of purification of states. As a numerical illustration we study quantum fractals on the circle (one-dimensional sphere and pentagon), two–sphere (octahedron), and on three-dimensional sphere (hypercube-tesseract, 24 cell, 600 cell, and 120 cell). The attractor, and the invariant measure on the attractor, are approximated by the powers of the Markov operator. In the appendices we discuss the Hamilton’s “icossian calculus” and its application to quaternionic realization of the binary icosahedral group that is at the basis of the 600 cell and its dual, the 120 cell.
Steady-state dynamics of Cajal body components in the Xenopus germinal vesicle

Cajal bodies (CBs) are evolutionarily conserved nuclear organelles that contain many factors involved in the transcription and processing of RNA. It has been suggested that macromolecular complexes preassemble or undergo maturation within CBs before they function elsewhere in the nucleus. Most such models of CB function predict a continuous flow of molecules between CBs and the nucleoplasm, but there are few data that directly support this view. We used fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) on isolated Xenopus oocyte nuclei to measure the steady-state exchange rate between the nucleoplasm and CBs of three fluorescently tagged molecules: U7 small nuclear RNA, coilin, and TATA-binding protein (TBP). In the nucleoplasm, the apparent diffusion coefficients for the three molecules ranged from 0.26 to 0.40 μm2 s−1. However, in CBs, fluorescence recovery was markedly slower than in the nucleoplasm, and there were at least three kinetic components. The recovery rate within CBs was independent of bleach spot diameter and could not be attributed to high CB viscosity or density. We propose that binding to other molecules and possibly assembly into larger complexes are the rate-limiting steps for FRAP of U7, coilin, and TBP inside CBs.
A recoverable watermarking for authentication using Singular Value Decomposition

In this paper, we propose a new method for authentication, and recoverability of digital images using Singular Value Decomposition. Using this technique, we can detect any modification made to the image and indicate the specific locations where the modification was made. The new method is recoverable in the sense that, if the image is deemed authentic, the distortion on the extraction procedure can be removed to obtain the original image data. Authentication data is produced from XOR operation between watermark image and binary bits obtained from singular value of one block image. If the unmodified watermarked image is used, the extraction process will return the correct watermark signal and exact original image. The techniques provide new assurance tools for integrity protection of sensitive imagery such as medical images.
Reaction time as recovery time after pertubation

This paper introduces a preliminary model of reaction time that is derived from dynamic system theory. This alternative for the random walk model of reaction time applies another definition of information change and, as a consequence, another stop-criterion. Where the random walk in random walk models stops when a bound is reached, the walk in the dynamical model stops when it converges, or, in other words, when the system recovers stability. The mathematical formulation of the dynamical model is not yet complete. However, by computer simulation it can be shown that the model yields correct predictions about the reaction time distribution. First we will explain the background of this new model of reaction time, then the model is explained and compared with the
Chapter 2 Extracting Information From Spike Trains

A fundamental task of any information theoretic analysis of the neural code is to estimate the mutual information (MI) that neural responses convey about a set of stimuli. This estimation task is then used as a building block for more advanced questions such as " What aspects of the stimuli do neurons code? " or " How do neurons interact to transmit information together? ". This information estimation task involves both methodological aspects-the degree of accuracy and robustness of the estimation, and scientific implications identifying the components of spike trains that carry the information , and the stimulus components about which neurons are informative. These two aspects are the focus of the current chapter. The current chapter therefore focuses on the methodology of extracting information from spike trains, and as a by-product, characterizes the relative importance of certain components of the neural code. This is achieved by comparing different MI estimation methods, each focusing on different aspects of neural activity. The chapter is organized as follows. The next section introduces the motivation for dimensionality reduction for MI estimation. Section 2.2 discusses the issue of estimating the joint distribution of stimuli and responses, as well as estimating the MI encapsulated in this joint distribution from finite samples. Then, section 2.3 systematically reviews and applies a series of dimensionality reduction methods to our data that 22
Development of mechanical load adjusting device with motion measurement interface for robotic assistive rehabilitation system

The development of a rehabilitation-load adjusting device is addressed in this paper. From the viewpoint of improving the efficiency of robotic assistive rehabilitation, we designed a robot control system, in which a multi load state can be provided for a patient in a single robotic system. This system can provide the multi load state with various dynamics between the patient and a robotic rehabilitation system. The multi load state including its transition is effective and efficient in the rehabilitation. A single load state has easily been provided by the impedance control of the robot motion thus far; however, the multi load state and its transition are difficult to realize using a conventional control scheme. The proposed control scheme differs widely from a conventional impedance control scheme in that the multi load state as well as both active and passive state cannot be induced in the single robotic system. Under the proposed control scheme, the load state can be adjusted and varied with the various dynamics in the active or passive state. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control system, a human-robot cooperative experiment is carried out. Experimental results show that the proposed control scheme can provide the multi load state in the robotic rehabilitation.
Grasp recognition by time-clustering, fuzzy modeling, and Hidden Markov Models (HMM) - a comparative study

This paper deals with three different methods for grasp recognition for a human hand. Grasp recognition is a major part of the approach for programming-by-demonstration (PbD) for five-fingered robotic hands. A human operator instructs the robot to perform different grasps wearing a data glove. For a number of human grasps, the finger joint angle trajectories are recorded and modeled by fuzzy clustering and Takagi-Sugeno modeling. This leads to grasp models using the time as input parameter and the joint angles as outputs. Given a test grasp by the human operator the robot classifies and recognizes the grasp and generates the corresponding robot grasp. Three methods for grasp recognition are presented and compared. In the first method the test grasp is compared with model grasps using the difference between the model outputs. In the second one, qualitative fuzzy models are used for recognition and classification. The third method is based on hidden-Markov-models (HMM) which are commonly used in robot learning.
OverView-Dynamic Visualization of Java-Based Highly Reconfigurable Distributed Systems ∗

Online visualization enables developers to test, debug, and monitor the behavior of distributed systems, while they are running. While important in software development, online visualization of distributed systems is largely unaddressed by conventional tools. Distributed systems are often programmed using high-level abstractions that facilitate reasoning about them, e.g., actors, processes, sessions, or ambients. OverView is an entity specification language-driven Eclipse plug-in for visualization of distributed systems that preserves the high level of abstraction, and enables online visualization of critical distributed system properties such as component naming, location, remote communication, and migration. OverView’s architecture is generic in that different abstractions can reuse the visualization module requiring changes only in the entity specifications that drive the visualization process.
Joint Collaborative Team on 3 D Video Coding Extension Development of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO / IEC JTC 1 / SC 29 / WG 11

Draft 3 of 3D-HEVC Test Model Description Ed. Notes (WD3) (changes compare to JCT3V-B1005):  ----------Release d1 ---------- (3DC-GT2) Editorial improvements, small corrections.  ----------Release d0 ---------- Split of Test Model text and specification text  (3DE-05) Alignment with MV-HEVC draft 3.  (3DE-01) Reordered sub-clauses related to disparity estimation and additional motion candidates.  (3DN-20) Alignment of JCT3V-C0152 + JCT3V-C0137.  (3DN-07/JCT3V-C0137) Texture motion vector candidate for depth.  (3DN-07/JCT3V-C0137) Removal of MPI.  (3DN-19) Camera parameters  (3Dn−03) Wedgelet pattern generation process.  (3Dn-01) Incorporated missing intra-predicted wedgelet partition mode  (3DN-08/JCT3V-C0138) Removal of parsing dependency for inter-view residual prediction.  (3DN-18/JCT3V-C0160) QTL disabled for RAP.  (3DN-17/JCT3V-C0154) Reference sub-sampling for SDC and DMM.  (3Dc-03) Fix SDC  (3DN-16/JCT3V-C0096) Removal of DMM 2 from SDC.  (3DN-15/JCT3V-C0034) Delta DC processing for DMMs.  (3DN-14/JCT3V-C0044) Signalling of wedgeIdx for DMM3.  (3DN-02/JCT3V-C0152) View synthesis prediction (without disparity derivation part).  (3DN-03/JCT3V-C0112) Restricted search of max disparity.  (3DN-01,02/JCT3V-C0131,JCT3V-C0152) Disparity derivation from depth maps.  (3Dc-02) Incorporated missing conditions of long/short-term pictures in AMVP (related to JCT3V-B0046).  (3DN-13/JCT3V-C0116) Inter-view vector scaling for AMVP.  (3DE-03) Incorporated derivation process for AMVP from base spec.  (3DN-12/JCT3V-C0115) Signalling of inter-view motion vector scaling.  (3DE-02) Incorporated TMVP text from base spec.  (3DN-09/JCT3V-C0047) Alternative reference index for TMVP.  (3DN-10/JCT3V-C0051) Unification of inter-view candidate derivation.  (3DE-01) Revised text related to residual prediction.  (3DN-06/JCT3V-C0129) Vertical component in residual prediction.  (3DN-05/JCT3V-C0097/JCT3V-C0141) Temporal blocks first in DV derivation.