Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selective Delivery of Tofacitinib Citrate to Hair Follicles Using Lipid-Coated Calcium Carbonate Nanocarrier Controls Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia Areata

Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is one of the common side effects in cancer treatment. The psychological distress caused by hair loss may cause patients to discontinue chemotherapy, affecting the efficacy of the treatment. The JAK inhibitor, Tofacitinib citrate (TFC), showed huge potential in therapeutic applications for treating baldness, but the systemic adverse effects of oral administration and low absorption rate at the target site limited its widespread application in alopecia. To overcome these problems, we designed phospholipid-calcium carbonate hybrid nanoparticles (PL/ACC NPs) for a topical application to target deliver TFC. The results proved that PL/ACC-TFC NPs showed excellent pH sensitivity and transdermal penetration in vitro. PL/ACC NPs offered an efficient follicular targeting approach to deliver TFC in a Cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced alopecia areata mouse model. Compared to the topical application of TFC solution, PL/ACC-TFC NPs significantly inhibited apoptosis of mouse hair follicles and accelerated hair growth. These findings support that PL/ACC-TFC NPs has the potential for topical application in preventing and mitigating CYP-induced Alopecia areata.
Control over ordering in colloidal crystals using surface templating

Summary form only given. Colloidal crystals offer a simple and versatile route to implement photonic crystals without recourse to complex top-down nanolithographic patterning. Colloidal crystals fabricated by sedimentation from a dispersion of colloid spherical particles often have small grain size and a high density of defects. We here report the deposition of colloidal crystals on holographically produced textured substrates that induce long-range ordering in the crystal. The crystalline arrangement of the first layer of spheres in contact with the substrate can be controlled by choosing a spatial period of the grating commensurate with the diameter of the colloidal spheres.
On measuring closed-loop nonlinearity : a topological approach using the v-gap metric

All chemical processes are inherently nonlinear. However, a nonlinear process does not necessarily require a nonlinear control since the feedback control itself has a certain degree of linearizing effect. This leads to an interesting and often subtle question: "When is a linear controller sufficient to control a nonlinear process? ". This thesis aims to answer such a question and develop a systematic approach to quantify closed-loop nonlinearity from a controller design perspective. An immediate consequence arising from the quest of the answer for the above question leads to the two major contributions of this thesis. Firstly, a novel way to quantify closed-loop nonlinearity and a practical computational algorithm are developed. Secondly, the nonlinearity measure presented in this thesis can be used as an effective decision making tool when dealing with the question of choosing an appropriate strategy for a class of nonlinear plants that can be recast into a quasi-linear parameter varying (quasi-LPV) representation. An additional contribution of this thesis is the development of a pictorial approach that provides a better insight and understanding to the gap metric theory. In this thesis, the î -gap metric arising from the graph topology is used to quantify the "distance" of a nonlinear process and its linearized model in a closed-loop fashion. Since the ẑ -gap metric is developed for linear time invariant (LTI) systems, the nonlinear system is recast into a quasi-LPV form. As a result, the largest ^-gap induced by the closed-loop nonlinearity together with a time variation penalty (i.e. the developed nonlinearity measure) can be obtained. The theoretical optimal stability margin is subsequently computed and compared with the largest ^-gap to check the severity of the closed-loop nonlinearity. If the developed nonlinearity measure is smaller than the theoretical optimal stability margin, then the closed-loop nonlinearity is manageable
FIRM PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES AND SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING: A CASE OF LISTED NON-FINANCIAL COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

Stakeholders all over the world are concerned about the environmental damage that corporations are engaged in and how it affects their lives. Social sustainability reporting in Nigerian as affected by firm performance attributes was investigated. To understudy the effect, ex-post facto research design, non-probability (purposive) sampling technique, and Panel regression estimation was employed with reliance on annual report (secondary data ) of listed 112 non-financial companies from 2012-2021 out of which 82 firms were selected. Also, hausman test (random effect) was conducted using of E-views. The findings of the study shows that firm size has positive significant effect on social disclosure index while firm age has positive negligible effect on social disclosure index of non-financial companies in Nigeria. According to the findings, the social sustainability reporting of listed non-financial companies in Nigeria is significantly influenced by firm performance attributes. Therefore, the study recommends that non-financial companies' management should increase the size of their firms in relation to the total assets due to the positive multiplier effect it has on the company's social sustainability reporting.
Potential Clinically Relevant Effects of Sialylation on Human Serum AAG-Drug Interactions Assessed by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry: Insight into Pharmacoglycomics?

Human serum alpha-1 acid glycoprotein is an acute-phase plasma protein involved in the binding and transport of many drugs, especially basic and lipophilic substances. It has been reported that the sialic acid groups that terminate the N–glycan chains of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein change in response to certain health conditions and may have a major impact on drug binding to alpha-1 acid glycoprotein. The interaction between native or desialylated alpha-1 acid glycoprotein and four representative drugs—clindamycin, diltiazem, lidocaine, and warfarin—was quantitatively evaluated using isothermal titration calorimetry. The calorimetry assay used here is a convenient and widely used approach to directly measure the amount of heat released or absorbed during the association processes of biomolecules in solution and to quantitatively estimate the thermodynamics of the interaction. The results showed that the binding of drugs with alpha-1 acid glycoprotein were enthalpy-driven exothermic interactions, and the binding affinity was in the range of 10−5–10−6 M. Desialylated alpha-1 acid glycoprotein showed significantly different binding with diltiazem, lidocaine, and warfarin compared with native alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, whereas clindamycin showed no significant difference. Therefore, a different degree of sialylation may result in different binding affinities, and the clinical significance of changes in sialylation or glycosylation of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein in general should not be neglected.
A novel classification‐based shilling attack detection approach for multi‐criteria recommender systems

Recommender systems are emerging techniques guiding individuals with provided referrals by considering their past rating behaviors. By collecting multi‐criteria preferences concentrating on distinguishing perspectives of the items, a new extension of traditional recommenders, multi‐criteria recommender systems reveal how much a user likes an item and why user likes it; thus, they can improve predictive accuracy. However, these systems might be more vulnerable to malicious attacks than traditional ones, as they expose multiple dimensions of user opinions on items. Attackers might try to inject fake profiles into these systems to skew the recommendation results in favor of some particular items or to bring the system into discredit. Although several methods exist to defend systems against such attacks for traditional recommenders, achieving robust systems by capturing shill profiles remains elusive for multi‐criteria rating‐based ones. Therefore, in this study, we first consider a prominent and novel attack type, that is, the power‐item attack model, and introduce its four distinct variants adapted for multi‐criteria data collections. Then, we propose a classification method detecting shill profiles based on various generic and model‐based user attributes, most of which are new features usually related to item popularity and distribution of rating values. The experiments conducted on three benchmark datasets conclude that the proposed method successfully detects attack profiles from genuine users even with a small selected size and attack size. The empirical outcomes also demonstrate that item popularity and user characteristics based on their rating profiles are highly beneficial features in capturing shilling attack profiles.
Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research on Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 in the Field of Pain

Background Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a heat-activated cation channel modulated by inflammatory mediators, which is closely related to pain and serves as a potential analgesic target. However, the bibliometric analyses summarizing TRPV1 in the field of pain are scarce. This study aims to summarize the current status of TRPV1 in pain and the potential research direction. Methods Articles regarding TRPV1 in the pain field between 2013 and 2022 were extracted from the Web of Science core collection database on 31 December 2022. Scientometric software (VOSviewer and CiteSpace 6.1.R6) were used to perform bibliometric analysis. This study provided data on the trend of the annual outputs, countries/regions, institutions, journals, authors, co-cited references and keywords. Results A total of 2462 publications related to TRPV1 in the field of pain were extracted from 2013 to 2022, which were written by 12,005 authors of 2304 institutions, 68 countries/regions in 686 journals, with 48,723 citations totally. The number of publications has grown rapidly over the past 10 years. Most publications were from the USA and China; the Seoul Natl Univ was the most active institution; Tominaga M published the most papers and Caterina MJ was the most productive co-cited author; The top-contributing journal was Pain; The most cited references was the article authored by Julius D. “Neuropathic pain”, “inflammatory pain”, “visceral pain” and “migraine” were the most common types of pain in this field. The mechanism of TRPV1 in pain was one of the main research directions. Conclusion This study presented an overview of the major research directions of TRPV1 in the pain field by bibliometric methods over the past decade. The results could reveal the research trends and the hotspots in the field and provide helpful information for clinical treatments of pain.
Generalized projective synchronization and tracking control of complex Dynamos systems

Based on the system stability theory，a new tracking control method is proposed to acquire asymptotically generalized projective synchronization of full states of a complex dynamos system and arbitrary trajectories. It also allows us to drive a complex dynamos system to arbitrary periodic orbits or fixed point. The technique can direct the scaling factor to a desired value. Sinusoidal waves，chaotic systems，hyper-chaotic systems and fixed points are taken as examples respectively. Numerical simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Nanolithography for oxide nanoarrays and their application in medical devices

Using lithographic patterning techniques, normally we aim for the integration of structural elements into a more complex apparatus, which can be at various length scales, for example hand-held equipment. Nanoscale fabricated pillars, holes or wires have shown unique properties already and ordering these in specific arrangements results in novel phenomena normally not present in natural occuring materials. Such materials are called nanoarrays. Engineered nanoarrays belong therefore to the class of metamaterials. One example of a metamaterial is a material with a negative refractive index created by design of artificial structure. These exciting material properties bring about also new opportunities for applications. A functional device or system demanding some level of ordering in a material also requires a carefully designed manufacturing process. Here, we will present an overview of nanolithographic techniques for oxide nanoarrays. Bio-inspired templated nanoarrays will be described in perspective to other nanolithography techniques. These nanostructures can deliver new functionality, too. Moreover, (nano)structured materials can deliver specific functionality at the interface with biological material. Developing these materials, subsequently, we can look for medical applications where the properties of oxide nanoarrays are explored. Photonic crystals, for example, can be applied in medical diagnostic devices. In this paper, therefore oxide nanoarrays are introduced and the emerging technology for modification and tuning of medical device performance utilizing oxide nanoarrays is discussed.
Towards Large Eddy Simulation of Boundary Layer Flows at High Reynolds Number: Statistical Modeling of the Inner Layer

Most fluid flows of practical interest involve and are affected by turbulence. One of the most promising computational methods for the prediction of turbulent flows is the so-called large eddy simulation (LES) methodology. Experience over the past decades have shown the capability of LES to provide accurate predictions for several types of flow at a reasonable computational cost. It has also become clear, however, that the LES methodology fails when applied to boundary layer flows at high Reynolds numbers. Since many engineering applications fall in exactly that category, this failure is often considered the most severe bottleneck of LES. The present thesis is an attempt to move towards a solution of this problem. Inspired by the idealized picture of a turbulent boundary layer, a statistical model is used for the approximately universal turbulence in the inner boundary layer, whereas the more flow dependent outer boundary layer is solved by LES. Ideally, this results in a computational method that provides accurate predictions of rather general turbulent flows, while maintaining a tractable computational cost. In practice, the results are a vast improvement compared to LES without any inner layer modeling, but a transition layer appears where the state of the turbulence changes from being modeled statistically to resolved by LES. This so-called ‘artificial buffer layer’ results in the skin friction being consistently underpredicted by 10-15%. The physics and dynamics of this artificial buffer layer are investigated and characterized, and it is argued that there exist several similarities with true buffer layer turbulence. Additional forcing of the momentum equations is used as a means to trigger resolved turbulence motions more quickly, and it is demonstrated that the results are better: the artificial buffer layer is smaller, the skin friction is accurately predicted, and the dynamics in the inner layer have more correct length scales. The results with the additional forcing are very sensitive to the forcing amplitude, and a simple control algorithm for this parameter is proposed and tested with favourable results.
A Novel Spatiotemporal Analysis Framework for Air Pollution Episode Association in Puli, Taiwan

Air pollution has been a global issue that solicits proposals for sustainable development of social economics. Though the sources emitting pollutants are thoroughly investigated, the transportation, dispersion, scattering, and diminishing of pollutants in the spatiotemporal domain are underexplored, and the relationship between these activities and atmospheric and anthropogenic conditions is hardly known. This paper proposes machine learning approaches for the spatiotemporal analysis of air pollution episode associations. We deployed an internet of low-cost sensors for acquiring the hourly time series data of PM2.5 concentrations in Puli, Taiwan. The region is resolved into 10 × 10 grids, and each grid has an area size of 400 × 400 m2. We consider the monitored PM2.5 concentration at a grid as its gray intensity, such that a 10 × 10 PM2.5 image is obtained every hour or a PM2.5 video is obtained for a time span. We developed shot boundary detection methods for segmenting the time series into pollution episodes. Each episode corresponds to particular activities, such as pollution concentration, transportation, scattering, and diminishing, in different spatiotemporal ways. By accumulating the concentrations within the episode, we generate a condensed but effective representation for episode clustering. Three clustering approaches are proposed, ranging from histogram-, edge-, and deep-learning-based. The experimental results manifest that the episodes contained in the same cluster have homogeneous patterns but appear at different times in a year. This means that some particular patterns of pollution activities appear many times in this region that may have relations with local weather, terrain, and anthropogenic activities. Our clustering results are helpful in future research for causal analysis of regional pollution.
A Repeated Half­Sample Bootstrap and Balanced Repeated Replications for Randomly Imputed Data

In this paper, we discuss the application of the bootstrap with a re­imputation step to capture the imputation variance (Shao and Sitter 1996) in stratified multistage sampling. We propose a modified bootstrap that does not require rescaling so that Shao and Sitter’s procedure can be applied to the case where random imputation is applied and the first­stage stratum sample sizes are very small. This provides a unified method that works irrespective of the imputation method (random or nonrandom), the stratum size (small or large), the type of estimator (smooth or nonsmooth), or the type of problem (variance estimation or sampling distribution estimation). In addition, we discuss the proper Monte Carlo approximation to the bootstrap variance, when using re­imputation together with resampling methods. In this setting, more care is needed than is typical. Similar results are obtained for the method of balanced repeated replications, which is often used in surveys and can be viewed as an analytic approximation to the bootstrap. Finally, some simulation results are presented to study finite sample properties and various variance estimators for imputed data.
Predictors of Parental Recall of Newborn Hearing Screening Program in Saudi Arabia

Hearing impairment is a prevalent disabling condition among children; all newborns should undergo a universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS). Unfortunately, many newborns who fail the screening test are lost to follow-up. Our study aims to evaluate parents’ perceptions of UNHS and to identify predictors for newborn hearing screening recall in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study involving Saudi parents with 0-to-18-year-old children born in Saudi Arabia was conducted. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to describe the participants’ characteristics and to identify UNHS recall predictors. A total of 1533 parents were surveyed. Overall, 29.9% of them recalled a hearing screening at birth, while 22.2% reported no hearing screening, and 47.8% were unable to remember. Only (6.9%) participants reported a failed hearing screening, of which 75.9% recalled a follow-up recommendation. Females, parents aged 30–34 years, consanguineous parents, and parents of newborns who were treated with antibiotics were more likely to recall hearing screening compared to others. This study highlights inadequate awareness of UNHS among parents. Our findings support the need to improve the reporting system of UNHS results and implement educational programs to increase parents’ recall of hearing test results and ensure early follow-ups for neonates with failed test results.
The Role of Single Positive Cultures in Presumed Aseptic Total Hip and Knee Revision Surgery—A Systematic Review of the Literature

(1) Background: Prior to revision hip (THA) or knee arthroplasty (TKA), periprosthetic low-grade infection (PJI) should be ruled out. Despite advances in preoperative diagnosis, unsuspected positive cultures (UPCs) may occur in initially planned aseptic revisions. Particularly, single UPCs pose a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma, as their impact on outcome is unclear and recommendations are heterogeneous. This review investigates the frequency of single UPCs and their impact on implant survivorship. (2) Methods: In July 2022, a comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed and Cochrane Library search. In total, 197 articles were screened. Seven retrospective studies with a total of 5821 cases were able to be included in this review. (3) Results: Based on the cases included, UPCs were found in 794/5821 cases (14%). In 530/794 cases (67%), the majority of the UPCs were single positive. The most commonly isolated pathogens were coagulase negative Staphylococci and Cutibacterium acnes. Five of seven studies reported no influence on revision- or infection-free survival following a single positive culture. In two studies, single UPCs following THA revision were correlated with subsequent re-revision for PJI. (4) Conclusions: Single UPCs of a non-virulent pathogen following presumed aseptic TKA revision may be interpreted as contaminants. A single UPC following THA revision may be a risk factor for subsequent PJI. The role of systemic antibiotic treatment remains unclear, but it should be considered if other risk factors for PJI are present.
Fullerene modification of WO3 electron transport layer toward high‐efficiency MA‐free perovskite solar cells with eliminated light‐soaking effect

In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the light‐soaking effect, which means device performance changes obviously under continuous light illumination, is potentially harmful to loaded devices as well as accurately assessing their efficiency. Herein, chemically stable tungsten trioxide (WO3) with high electron mobility is used as electron transport material in methylamine (MA)‐free PSCs. However, the light‐soaking effect is observed apparently in our devices. A fullerene derivative, C60 pyrrolidine Tris‐acid (CPTA), is introduced to modify the interface between WO3 and perovskite (PVK) layers, which can bond with WO3 and PVK simultaneously, leading to the passivation of the defect and the suppression of trap‐assisted nonradiative recombination. What is more, the introduction of CPTA can enhance the built‐in electric field between WO3 and PVK layers, thereby facilitating the electron extraction and inhibiting the carrier accumulation at the interface. Consequently, the light‐soaking effect of WO3‐based PSCs has been eliminated, and the power conversion efficiency has been boosted from 17.4% for control device to 20.5% for WO3/CPTA‐based PSC with enhanced stability. This study gives guidance for the design of interfacial molecules to eliminate the light‐soaking effect.