Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research of Machine Learning Algorithms for the Development of Intrusion Detection Systems in 5G Mobile Networks and Beyond

The introduction of fifth generation mobile networks is underway all over the world which makes many people think about the security of the network from any hacking. Over the past few years, researchers from around the world have raised this issue intensively as new technologies seek to integrate into many areas of business and human infrastructure. This paper proposes to implement an IDS (Intrusion Detection System) machine learning approach into the 5G core architecture to serve as part of the security architecture. This paper gives a brief overview of intrusion detection datasets and compares machine learning and deep learning algorithms for intrusion detection. The models are built on the basis of two network data CICIDS2017 and CSE-CIC-IDS-2018. After testing, the ML and DL models are compared to find the best fit with a high level of accuracy. Gradient Boost emerged as the top method when we compared the best results based on metrics, displaying 99.3% for a secure dataset and 96.4% for attacks on the test set.
Purulent-Inflammatory Diseases of the Maxillofacial Region in Patients with Various Chronic Diseases

In the practice of doctors of all specialties the proportion of patients suffering from combined diseases (polymorbide states) is steadily increasing. The sphere of dentistry and maxillofacial surgery is not an exception. The paper considers the main etiopathogenetic mechanisms in the combination of purulentinflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region (PID MFR) with somatic pathology (synthropy). Data on the features of the combination of somatic diseases with PID MFR, the role of chronic stress, immunopathies, medico-social factors in the development of pathological processes in the oral cavity and surrounding tissues are summarized. The features of the course of PID MFR in the elderly and elderly patients with polymorbid conditions are shown; persons suffering from drug addiction and alcoholism with visceropathy. The analysis of approaches to the evaluation of the severity of PID MFR and their treatment is carried out. It is emphasized that in the clinic of maxillofacial surgery it is necessary to study complex somatic and mental pathology in a complex way (multidisciplinary principle) and to take into account the results in developing the tactics of patient management. Integral approach will fully realize the principle of personification of medical care.
CROWN Project, towards a European Multifunction AESA system

The project European active electronically scanned array with Combined Radar, Electronic Warfare (EW) and Communications (COMMs) functions for military applications, called CROWN, was launched in July 2021 under the European program of Preparatory Action for Defence Research (PADR) and Electromagnetic Spectrum Dominance Call. It responds to the need of designing and developing high-performance and very compact Multifunction RF systems. Multifunction systems, integrating several functions in only one single system, enable small platforms operating in the complex battlefield of high capabilities, able to adapt and react in real-time to the changing scenarios and working in collaborative way with other systems. Technological challenges are found in the development of broadband antennas, digital beam forming (DBF), smart resource management and compact transmit and receive modules. Other aspects at system level as architecture definition or modelling are also tackled within the project.
Breakdown of Water Saturated Printed Circuit Boards in Dielectric Encapsulation for Deep-Sea Applications

Developments in deep-sea technologies has led to pressure tolerant electrical and electronic systems. These systems do not use pressure resistant enclosures, but instead rely on the encapsulating material to transfer the forces to the embedded components and to provide electrical insulation and protection against water and corrosion. When designing high voltage, high power electronic systems on printed circuit boards (PCBs), the choice of encapsulating material and the integrity of the interfacial boundaries are critical to ensure adequate insulation. In this study, the effect of water ingress on the high voltage breakdown behaviour between two tracks on an encapsulated PCB is investigated. A group of PCBs, with different gaps between their conductive tracks, are encapsulated in an RTV-silicone gel and then immersed in de-ionized-and sea-water respectively to study its breakdown voltage and discharge characteristics over time. Prolonged immersion in deionised water shows a reduction in the breakdown strength between the tracks as well as anomalous breakdown on the rear surface of the PCBs whereas the breakdown behaviour did not change significantly over the evaluation period for the sample immersed in seawater. These results may have been caused by weak bonding between surfaces and the deposition of salts in the outer layer of the test specimens.
Dense Cores in Dark Clouds. XI. A Survey for N2H+, C3H2, and CCS

We have used the 3 mm receiver and upgraded antenna of Haystack Observatory to make high spatial and spectral resolution observations of lines of N2H+ and C3H2 in 60 dense cores. Both species are detected in most of the cores, and the velocities, and line widths are well correlated. This suggests that ions and neutrals are well coupled. We found vD,max ≤ 0.03 km s-1, which is the first observational constraint on the relative speed of ions and neutrals in star-forming dense cores. Twenty of the cores were also observed in the JN = 43-32 line of CCS. From our N2H+ observations, the fractional abundance of the molecular nitrogen N2 is found to be ≃7 × 10-5, consistent with all the nitrogen being in molecular form and not depleted onto dust grains.
Profiles of Work and Quality of Life among Young Adult Cancer Survivors

Work ability, or the perception of one’s ability to work presently and in the future, may impact quality of life (QOL) among young adult (YA) cancer survivors. Through a convergent mixed methods design, we explored work ability, work-related goals, and QOL among YA hematologic cancer survivors within five years of diagnosis. We described associations at the individual- and microsystem (work)- levels; and compared factors across low and high work ability groups. Participants (N = 40) completed a survey and interview via digital platforms. Qualitative analysis revealed self-assessed declines in work ability led to questioning work-related goals and influenced QOL. Integrated analysis led to the development of four profiles, growing our understanding of work’s influence on QOL for YA cancer survivors, and identifying components YAs considered when contemplating work-related goals after a cancer diagnosis. Larger studies are needed to elucidate these profiles and identify modifiable factors to inform targeted interventions to improve QOL.
New method for the decomposition of mixed phase systems

This paper introduces a new method for finding the minimum and maximum phase subsystems of a mixed phase system. The method can be easily extended to adaptive applications because of its iterative nature. Proposed method has been applied to both real and complex systems with good results. The convergence of the algorithm is determined by the roots lying closest to the unit circle. <<ETX>>
Visualizing the Genome: Experimental Approaches for Live-Cell Chromatin Imaging

Over the years, our vision of the genome has changed from a linear molecule to that of a complex 3D structure that follows specific patterns and possesses a hierarchical organization. Currently, genomics is becoming “four-dimensional”: our attention is increasingly focused on the study of chromatin dynamics over time, in the fourth dimension. Recent methods for visualizing the movements of chromatin loci in living cells by targeting fluorescent proteins can be divided into two groups. The first group requires the insertion of a special sequence into the locus of interest, to which proteins that recognize the sequence are recruited (e.g., FROS and ParB-INT methods). In the methods of the second approach, “programmed” proteins are targeted to the locus of interest (i.e., systems based on CRISPR/Cas, TALE, and zinc finger proteins). In the present review, we discuss these approaches, examine their strengths and weaknesses, and identify the key scientific problems that can be studied using these methods.
New method of 3D point reconstruction from monocular camera

Put forward a method of 3D point reconstruction from an image taken by monocular camera. In algorithm, the coordinate conversion factor of the given point can be calculated through a pair of parallel lines, whose positions in the scene are known. Then reconstruction of any points in 3D space which contains parallel lines can be achieved using the coordinate conversion factor. In experiments, the algorithm is used to estimate the trajectory of walking people.
Pattern of life from WAMI objects tracking based on visual context-aware tracking and infusion network models

With the emergence of long lasting surveillance systems, e.g., full motion video (FMV) networks and wide area motion imagery (WAMI) sensors, extracting targets’ long term pattern of life over a day becomes possible. In this paper, we present a framework for extracting the pattern of life (POL) of targets from WAMI video. We first apply a context-aware multi-target tracker (CAMT) to track multiple targets in the WAMI video and obtain the targets’ tracklets, traces, and the locations, from surveillance information extracted from the targets' long-term trajectories. Then, entity networks propagate over time are constructed with targets’ tracklets, traces, and the interested locations. Finally, the entity network is analyzed using network retrieving technique to extract the POL of interested targets.
Geochronology, geochemistry, and geodynamic evolution of Tatric granites from crystallization to exhumation (Tatra Mountains, Western Carpathians)

: The Western and High Tatra Mountains (northern Slovakia, southern Poland) contain the best-exposed rocks record within the Carpathian orogenic belt. Petrological, geochemical, and geochronological data from granitic assemblages across the Western (n = 1) and High Tatra Mountains (n = 19) were used to understand how they responded to an extended tectonic and magmatic history. Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) zircon dating shows a dominant Early Carboniferous (Tournaisian, TuffZirc age = 349.3 + 2.9 / −1.5 Ma at 95 % confidence, n = 119 spots), but Paleoproterozoic/Neoarchean (2544 ± 33 Ma, ±1σ) to Late Carboniferous (Kasimovian, 305.8 ± 6.2 Ma) dates were also found. The age pattern is consistent with granitic assemblages within the European Variscan belt and suggests an affinity with Armorican terranes derived from a northern Gondwanan Cadomian arc. The final stages of Variscan orogenic collapse are timed at ca. 315 Ma based on the youngest zircon age population. Monazite dated in thin section are also Tournaisian, but the youngest age is Permian (Th–Pb, 270.0 ± 9.1 Ma, ±1σ), consistent with timing of large-scale Pangean Permian extension. High Tatra granite K-feldspar 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages indicate slow post-magmatic cooling after granite crystallization. The oldest 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages from two samples near Lomnický štít (LS) suggest a thermal event in the Late Triassic (~220 Ma), but others from the sub-Tatra fault and near Gerlachovský štít (GS) are younger (Early Cretaceous, ~120 Ma). The thermal history from K-feldspar at the base of LS shows pulsed exhumation at faster rates between 70–55 Ma (300–200 ° C) and 45–35 Ma (200–100 ° C). The results document the Paleo-Alpine tectonic imprint of the Western and High Tatra Mountains until the onset of more Neo-Alpine exhumation. The data point to uplift earlier than suggested by models of extrusion tectonics applied to the region. Early uplift is connected with Eocene ALCAPA (ALps–CArpathians–PAnnonia) escape leading later to the development of the Carpathian arc.
A model of the Alfvén speed in the solar corona

We present an analytic model of the Alfven speed vA in the solar corona. The coronal magnetic field is modeled by a radial component representing the global field and by a dipole representing an active region. The free parameters of the model are constrained by actual observations of solar magnetic fields and coronal electron densities. The coronal magnetic field strength in the quiet Sun is determined by coronal seismology, using EIT waves as proxies for the fast magnetosonic speed vms, and thus for the magnetic field strength. Depending on the orientation of the dipole, we find local minima of vA (and vms )a t the coronal base at distances of 0.2-0.3 solar radii from the center of the modelled active region (AR), as well as above the AR at comparable heights. For all dipole orientations, a global maximum is found at 3.5 solar radii. We apply our model to the study of the formation and propagation of coronal shock waves which are observed as flare waves and as type II radio bursts, using a sample of eight solar events. We find that flare waves are initially highly supermagnetosonic (with magnetosonic Mach numbers of Mms ≈ 2-3). During their propagation, they decelerate until Mms = 1 is reached. This behavior can be explained by a strong shock or large-amplitude simple wave that decays to an ordinary fast magnetosonic wave. The observed starting frequencies and Mach numbers of the associated type II bursts are consistent with the predictions of the model.
EdgeKeeper: Resilient and Lightweight Coordination for Mobile Edge Clouds

Mobile Edge Clouds (MEC) have been gaining significant interest from first responders and tactical teams, primarily because they can employ handheld mobile devices to form a computing cluster (for high-computation tasks such as face/scene recognition, and virtual assistance) when connectivity to the cloud is limited or not possible. High user mobility in disaster response and tactical environments make MEC challenging, as wireless links observe substantial fluctuations. Typical cloud-based coordination (e.g., ZooKeeper-based service discovery and coordination, device naming, security) cannot typically work in these environments. Driven by the need for a resilient and lightweight coordination service, in this paper, we design and implement EdgeKeeper to provide cloud-like coordination for MEC systems. EdgeKeeper provides naming, network management, application coordination, and security to distributed edge computing applications. It maintains an edge cluster among devices and intelligently stores its data on a group of replicas to guard against node failure and disconnections. We provide a full-system implementation of EdgeKeeper for Android and Linux platforms. We have integrated EdgeKeeper with existing MEC applications and performed extensive real-world performance evaluations in wide-area search and rescue operations conducted by first responders. Our evaluation shows EdgeKeeper to be lightweight, resilient and suitable for MEC.
Hypoxia-Induced Downregulation of miR-29 in Renal Tumor Cells Affects Collagen IV Subunit Expression through Multiple Sites

Multiple tumor exacerbations and treatment procedures, such as extracellular matrix remodeling, metabolic reprogramming, immunological evasion, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are influenced by intratumoral hypoxia. It is becoming increasingly clear how hypoxia interacts with the extracellular matrix and how this affects the growth of cancer. We analyzed the published sequencing results of hypoxia-stressed mouse kidney tumor cells and found that the expression of miR-29b was significantly downregulated. There are several sites that are complementary to the miR-29 seed sequence in the 3’ non-coding regions (3’UTRs) of various extracellular matrix-related genes, including collagen IV. We analyzed the sequences of the 3’UTRs of different subunits of collagen IV in different species and constructed the corresponding phylogenetic trees. We found that the 3’UTRs of Col4a1 and Col4a4 may have been subjected to particular evolutionary pressures. By cloning the 3’UTRs of collagen IV subunits into the psiCHECKTM-2 vector, we found that seven of the eight sites in the Col4a3–Col4a6 gene complementary to miR-29 were significantly repressed by miR-29a, b (except for the 7774–7781 of Col4a3 gene). The inhibitory efficiency of miR-29a, b on these seven sites was between 27% and 57%. The research on the regulation of miR-29 and extracellular matrix by hypoxia can provide a theoretical basis for tumor and fibrosis research and treatment.
Large Amplitude Oscillations of a Bose Condensate

We analyze the response of condensed trapped atoms to external driving magnetic fields. Solving the time-dependent Gross-Pitaewskii equation within a new, accurate algorithm, we found frequencies and relaxation times of collective oscillations in excellent agreement with the experimental results. Using simple scaling arguments we make quantitative predictions for future experiments. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Electric Field Distribution after Polarity Reversal in HVDC Cables: The Effect of Insulation Characteristics

This paper investigates the effect of the electrical and the thermal characteristics of the insulating material of HVDC cables on the transient development during and after fast and slow polarity reversal events. Three sets of values of temperature and field coefficients of electrical conductivity are investigated in this study. The results show a strong effect of insulating material on both the amplitude of the transient electric field and the duration of the transient. The higher a, b coefficients, the greater the amplitude, but the faster the transient. The lower a, b coefficients, the lower the amplitude, but the longer the transient. The moderate field and temperature dependencies are recommended.
On the Escape Velocity in General Relativity and the Problem of Dark Matter

The paper is concerned with analysis of the escape velocity for a spherical star within the framework of the Classical Gravitation Theory (CGT) and the General Theory of Relativity (GTR). In GTR, two possible results corresponding to the classical and the generalized Schwarzschild solutions are obtained. For the latter solution which, in contrast to the former one, is not singular, the critical radius of the star for which the particle cannot leave the surface even if the initial velocity of the particle is equal to the velocity of light is found and is associated with the radius of the Dark Star introduced in the 18-th century by J. Michel and P. Laplace. As shown, the radius of the largest visible star, i.e., the red supergiant UY Scutti, is much larger than the obtained critical radius. If the Dark Stars whose radii are smaller than the critical radius exist, they are hypothetically not visible and can concentrate the matter that cannot be observed.
Model Averaging and Bootstrap Consensus‐based Uncertainty Reduction in Diffusion MRI Tractography

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) tractography has the unique ability to reconstruct major white matter tracts non‐invasively and is, therefore, widely used in neurosurgical planning and neuroscience. In this work, we reduce two sources of uncertainty within the tractography pipeline. The first one is the model uncertainty that arises in crossing fibre tractography, from having to estimate the number of relevant fibre compartments in each voxel. We propose a mathematical framework to estimate model uncertainty, and we reduce this type of uncertainty with a model averaging approach that combines the fibre direction estimates from all candidate models, weighted by the posterior probability of the respective model. The second source of uncertainty is measurement noise. We use bootstrapping to estimate this data uncertainty, and consolidate the fibre direction estimates from all bootstraps into a consensus model. We observe that, in most voxels, a traditional model selection strategy selects different models across bootstraps. In this sense, the bootstrap consensus also reduces model uncertainty. Either approach significantly increases the accuracy of crossing fibre tractography in multiple subjects, and combining them provides an additional benefit. However, model averaging is much more efficient computationally.
Apples, Oranges & Fruits – Understanding Similarity of Software Repositories Through The Lens of Dissimilar Artifacts

Open-source repositories have facilitated developers to reuse existing software artifacts to develop and maintain new or similar kinds of software. However, finding similar repositories is a challenging task as the notion of similarity varies depending on multiple contexts, and most of the existing approaches tend to find similar repositories by comparing similar software artifacts. This paper aims to determine "whether dissimilar artifacts can be used as one of the criteria to find similar repositories? " Even though, there could be dissimilarity between two similar artifacts, there could also be similarities between two dissimilar artifacts. We define the notion of similarity by defining two categories of similar repositories. Four text-based artifacts are selected for the experiment, i.e., pull-requests, issues, commits, and readme files. The textual similarity is computed between different artifacts. The results show that similarity does exist in dissimilar artifacts. We observed that 10-20% of dissimilar artifact pairs could be used in searching similar repositories. The preliminary results show promising directions where dissimilar artifacts can also be considered while searching for similar repositories motivating the need for further research.
Exploring the Role of Land Transfer and Social Capital in Improving Agricultural Income under the Background of Rural Revitalization

Under the background of rural revitalization in China, with the process of urbanization and the implementation of China’s land system reform, rural workers gradually gain multiple income streams. However, increasing agricultural income remains the final guarantee for professional farmers to shake off poverty, and land is still their last security. We applied the OLS model and mediation model to a dataset of 3789 households in 25 provinces obtained from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to investigate the influence of farmland transfer and social capital on farmers’ agricultural incomes. The results show that farmland “transfer in” and social capital significantly help to increase agricultural income directly, and farmland “transfer in” behavior plays a vital mediating role, influencing the positive effect of social capital on agricultural income. The study examined the logical social capital-agricultural land transfer-agricultural income correlation in the progression of rural society, from “hollow” to “reflux”, under the continuous expansion of rural revitalization strategies, which is of great practical significance for re-recognizing the positive role of rural social capital and agricultural land transfer in improving the income of professional farmers and realizing the overall goal of rural revitalization. The results also provide a theoretical basis for guiding and leveraging the effective use of social capital to promote agricultural land transfer.
Scientific basis of ASTER instrument design

The advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER), a multi- spectral imaging radiometer with 14 spectral bands, is a research facility instrument that will be launched in 1998 on NASA's EOS-AM1 platform. Characteristics of the ASTER data can be summarized as (1) wide spectral coverage from the visible to thermal infrared regions, (2) multispectral thermal infrared data with high spectral and spatial resolution and (3) stereoscopic capability in the along track direction. ASTER is currently being designed to meet the requirements given by the ASTER science team.