Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluationof New 1,2-diaryl-4, 5, 6, 7-Tetrahydro-1H-benzo[d] Imidazolesas Tubulin Inhibitors

A new series of 1,2-diaryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazoles, possessing trimethoxyphenyl pharmacophore, were synthesized to evaluate their biological activities as tubulin inhibitors. Cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds 7a-f was assessed against several human cancer cell lines, including MCF-7 (breast cancer cell), HEPG2 (liver hepatocellular cells), A549 (adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells), T47D (Human ductal breast epithelial tumor cell line) and fibroblast. According to our results, HEPG2 seems to be the most sensitive, while MCF7 was the most resistant cell line to the compounds. All the compounds expect 7b, possessed satisfactory activity against HEPG2 with mean IC50 values ranging from 15.60 to 43.81 µM.
Reciprocal Regulation of LTA4 Hydrolase Expression in Human Monocytes by γ-Interferon and Interleukins 4 and 13: Potential Relevance to Leukotriene Regulation in Glomerular Disease

Background/Aims: Leukotriene A<sub>4</sub> (LTA<sub>4</sub>) hydrolase catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of leukotriene B<sub>4</sub> (LTB<sub>4</sub>). TH-1- and TH-2-derived cytokines may regulate LTB<sub>4</sub> synthesis by monocytes through their actions on the expression of LTA<sub>4</sub> hydrolase. Methods: Freshly isolated monocytes were incubated with pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines for 36 h. mRNA expression was determined by Northern blot, protein expression was determined by Western blot and LTB<sub>4</sub> synthesis was determined by ELISA. Results: Interferon-γ (a TH-2-derived cytokine) increased significantly LTA<sub>4</sub> hydrolase mRNA expression, whereas interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 (both TH-2-derived cytokines) decreased LTA<sub>4</sub> hydrolase mRNA expression in these cells. The same effects were seen on the expression of immunoreactive LTA<sub>4</sub> hydrolase after incubating the monocytes with either TH-1- or TH-2-derived cytokines. The monocyte-derived cytokine IL-1β did not show any significant effect on LTA<sub>4</sub> hydrolase mRNA expression. When LTB<sub>4</sub> release was measured, both IL-1β and interferon-γ significantly increased LTB<sub>4</sub> production by monocytes, while TH-2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) decreased it. Conclusion: The opposing effects of TH-1- and TH-2-derived cytokines on the expression of LTA<sub>4</sub> hydrolase mRNA may regulate LTB<sub>4</sub> synthesis by monocytes during inflammation.
Perspective Reformulations of the CTA Problem with L2 Distances

Any institution that disseminates data in aggregated form has the duty to ensure that individual confidential information is not disclosed, either by not releasing data or by perturbing the released data while maintaining data utility. Controlled tabular adjustment CTA is a promising technique of the second type where a protected table that is close to the original one in some chosen distance is constructed. The choice of the specific distance shows a trade-off: although the Euclidean distance has been shown and is confirmed here to produce tables with greater “utility,” it gives rise to mixed integer quadratic problems MIQPs with pairs of linked semi-continuous variables that are more difficult to solve than the mixed integer linear problems corresponding to linear norms. We provide a novel analysis of perspective reformulations PRs for this special structure; in particular, we devise a projected PR P2R, which is piecewise-conic but simplifies to a nonseparable MIQP when the instance is symmetric. We then compare different formulations of the CTA problem, showing that the ones based on P2R most often obtain better computational results.
A Virtual-ADC Digital Background Calibration Technique for Multistage A/D Conversion

A nonlinear adaptive digital calibration technique for multistage analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is presented. The approach is derived from a replica-path scaling principle inspired by the parallel-ADC equalization architecture. The treatment of residue gain nonlinearities leads to potentially significant power savings for a simple modification of the first ADC stage. The design tradeoffs involved in this technique, particularly a band-limited interpolator employed, are discussed in detail. Computer simulations demonstrate signal-to-noise-plus-distortion-ratio and spurious-free-dynamic-range improvements from 40 to 90 dB and 45 to more than 100 dB, respectively, for a 15-bit pipelined ADC.
The inclusión of soybean oil in the diets of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) in relation to growth quality and fillet acceptability

Normal 0 21 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of soybean oil in the diet of female silver catfish ( Rhamdia quelen ) and its effect on the growth, composition, lipid profile and fillet acceptability thereof. In this experiment, 144 fish (237.75 ± 22.35 g) were distributed among 18 tanks (280 L) for 80 days. The use of 10% soybean oil in the fishes’ diet promoted higher weights (373.82 g) and better feed conversion ratios (1.5) for female silver catfish. The soybean oil levels tested did not interfere with fillet acceptability. Increasing soybean oil in the diet increased the quantity of unsaturated fatty acids in the fillets, which enhanced their nutritional quality. The use of 10% soybean oil is recommended for the female silver catfish diet. /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;}
BackSpace: Formal Analysis for Post-Silicon Debug

Post-silicon debug is the problem of determining what's wrong when the fabricated chip of a new design behaves incorrectly. This problem now consumes over half of the overall verification effort on large designs, and the problem is growing worse. We introduce a new paradigm for using formal analysis, augmented with some on-chip hardware support, to automatically compute error traces that lead to an observed buggy state, thereby greatly simplifying the post-silicon debug problem. Our preliminary simulation experiments demonstrate the potential of our approach: we can "backspace" hundreds of cycles from randomly selected states of some sample designs. Our preliminary architectural studies propose some possible implementations and show that the on-chip overhead can be reasonable. We conclude by surveying future research directions.
Query Evaluation for Mediators over Web Catalogs

The Web catalogs like Yahoo! and Open Directory are very useful for browsing and querying the Web. Although they index only a fraction of the pages that are indexed by search engines these catalogs are hand-crafted by domain experts and are therefore of high quality. We present a model for building mediators over Web catalogs, so as to provide users with cus-tomized views of such catalogs. We focus on query evaluation, speciically on the complexity of query answering by the mediator .
Diamond: electronic ground state of carbon at temperatures approaching 0 K.

The relative stability of graphite and diamond is revisited with hybrid density functional theory calculations. The electronic energy of diamond is computed to be more negative by 1.1 kJ mol(-1) than that of graphite at T=0 K and in the absence of external pressure. Graphite gains thermodynamic stability over diamond at 298 K only because of the differences in the zero-point energy, specific heat, and entropy terms for both polymorphs.
Brain and Behavior Changes during Sleep Deprivation

Cognitive performance is critical to military and civilian operational success. Sleep deprivation produces deficits in alertness and general cognitive performance, especially performance requiring higher-order mental processes such as attention, memory, anticipation, planning, and decision making. To demonstrate the degradation on cognitive performance and its brain correlates during sleep deprivation, we have used positron emission tomography (PET), a brain imaging technique, and 2-[‘*F]fluoro-2deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), an index of regional cerebral glucose metabolic rate (rCMRglu) and brain activity. We report that 24 hours of sleep deprivation results in decreased alertness and cognitive performance, and in decreased rCMRglu, predominantly in prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices, and thalamus. Our results provide evidence that the impairments produced by sleep deprivation have a biological basis in reduced brain activity in regions subserving higher-order cognitive and alertness functions. These findings have relevance for educational and sleep management programs, as well as the use of countermeasures.
Vision-Based Traffic Data Collection Sensor for Automotive Applications

This paper presents a complete vision sensor onboard a moving vehicle which collects the traffic data in its local area in daytime conditions. The sensor comprises a rear looking and a forward looking camera. Thus, a representative description of the traffic conditions in the local area of the host vehicle can be computed. The proposed sensor detects the number of vehicles (traffic load), their relative positions and their relative velocities in a four-stage process: lane detection, candidates selection, vehicles classification and tracking. Absolute velocities (average road speed) and global positioning are obtained after combining the outputs provided by the vision sensor with the data supplied by the CAN Bus and a GPS sensor. The presented experiments are promising in terms of detection performance and accuracy in order to be validated for applications in the context of the automotive industry.
P 300 as an index of attention to self-relevant stimuli q

Past work suggests that information related to the self receives preferential access to the limited pool of attentional resources. However, these studies have been limited by their reliance on response–time measures, which require overt responding and represent the combined effects of multiple stages of information processing. One aim of the present study was to extend past work by obtaining a response-independent index of attention allocation sensitive to changes in discrete stages of information processing. An additional goal was to explore the potential time course of differential sensitivity to self-relevant cues. We assessed the P300, an ERP component that provides an index of attentional resources, evoked by autobiographical self-relevant stimuli (e.g., one s own name). As expected, P300 was augmented for self-relevant stimuli relative to control stimuli. In addition, analyses of P300 latency indicate that the effects of self-relevance are present during higher-order stages of cognitive processing related to selective attention. These results complement and extend previous work on the role of self-relevance in the selection of material for further processing. 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Ritual Conflict as Social Conflict: Liturgical Reform in the Roman Catholic Church

Controversy over the reform of the liturgy has been a key area of conflict among Roman Catholics in the wake of the Second Vatican Council. Resistance to alterations in the Tridentine liturgy and to the mandatory implementation of a new rite of the Mass (Novus Ordo Missae) has been interpreted almost exclusively along theological, psychological, or administrative lines. Little attention has been given to examining how conflict over "which rite is right? " is related to broader social tensions and structural dissolutions in contemporary Catholicism. The analysis in this article approaches ritual as a culture symbol that gives expression to social codes (identity, role, status, power). When viewed from this perspective, resistance to liturgical reform gives expression to class and interestgroup conflict linked to the weakening of Catholic identity in a pluralistic society, to a crisis of role status loss among clerical elites, and to the emergence and empowerment of a new knowledge class within the Church. Examination of these issues sheds additional light on the impact of social change on the Roman Catholic Church and relates the transformation of ritual to broad social changes associated with modernization. With the possible exception of the furor surrounding Humanae Vitae, no single aspect of the turmoil besetting American Catholicism in the wake of Vatican II ignited as much discontent, anger, alienation, and outright opposition as did the dramatic alterations in the centuries-old liturgical traditions of the Church, especially changes in the central act of Catholic devotional piety-the "Holy Sacrifice of the Mass. " Although the conflict over liturgical reform has been overshadowed in the last decade by controversies over abortion, issues of peace and justice, liberation theology, and the role of women in the Church and, in spite of the fact that a new generation of Catholics have been socialized into the liturgical norms of Vatican II, criticism of the reforms, uncertainty over their wisdom and impact, Vatican anxiety over "arbitrary initiatives" (Inaestimabile Donum, 1980) and outright opposition have persisted. Gallup polls have twice indicated sizable support (64% in 1979; 40% in 1984) among American Catholics for a return to the old Tridentine liturgy-at least as an alternative rite in the Church. Objections to the new liturgy have been identified as a precipitating factor among older Catholic dropouts (Hoge, 1981: 91). ' Lay Catholic organizations such as the Latin Liturgical Association, the Traditional Mass Society, the Society for the Preservation of the Mass, and Una Voce have continued to petition the Vatican for the reinstatement or alternative use of the Tridentine liturgy. In addition, self-proclaimed "Roman Catholic traditionalists" have made preservation of the "true Mass" (the Latin Tridentine rite)
A Parallel Nonlocal Means Algorithm for Remote Sensing Image Denoising on an Intel Xeon Phi Platform

The nonlocal means (NLM) algorithm is one of the best image denoising algorithms because of its superior capability to retain the texture details of an image and is widely used in remote sensing (RS) image preprocessing. However, the time complexity of the algorithm is very high due to its nonlocality when searching for similar pixels. As a result, the NLM algorithm cannot satisfy the near real-time requirements of some specific applications. To resolve this issue, a parallel NLM algorithm based on Intel Xeon Phi hardware with Intel’s many integrated cores (MIC) architecture was designed and implemented in this paper. The parallel algorithm achieved satisfactory speedup, but the speedup obtained showed a step-like distribution for different image sizes. This result was not expected based on the theoretical analysis, which predicted that the speedup should be independent of input data set size. To address this problem, the parallel algorithm was further optimized by adding pretreatment approaches and cutting down the number of nested loops in the MIC. Finally, experiments using the standard and optimized versions were carried out using the RS images of different sizes. Several conclusions could be drawn from the experimental results: 1) the standard parallel algorithm can obtain better speedup with only one MIC card and 2) the optimized parallel algorithm can completely eliminate the step distribution of the speedup and can also accelerate RS image processing significantly.
Attended and Non-Attended States in Working Memory: Accessing Categorized Structures

Abstract Following several recent approaches, working memory is argued to consist of a subset of representations that are within the scope of active processing and a larger set of recently activated, but non-attended representations. A response-signal speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) and complementary reaction time variant of a probe recognition task were used to measure the retrieval of categorized material from working memory. In SAT, two distinct retrieval speeds were found: A fast rate for items from the last studied category and a slower rate common to all items from other categories in the list. This difference in retrieval speed was evident in the shapes of the reaction time distributions. The faster retrieval speed for items from the last category is argued to reflect a matching process in which the recognition probe is rapidly compared to the current contents of awareness.
Timing of initiation of chromosome replication in individual Escherichia coli cells.

The synchrony of initiation of chromosome replication at multiple origins within individual Escherichia coli cells was studied by a novel method. Initiation of replication was inhibited with rifampicin or chloramphenicol and after completion of ongoing rounds of replication the numbers of fully replicated chromosomes in individual cells were measured by flow cytometry. In rapidly growing cultures, with parallel replication of several chromosomes, cells will end up with 2n (n = 1, 2, 3) chromosomes if initiation occurs simultaneously at all origins. A culture with asynchronous initiation may in addition contain cells with irregular numbers (not equal to 2n) of chromosomes. The frequency of cells with irregular numbers of chromosomes is a measure of the degree of asynchrony of initiation. After inhibition of initiation and run‐out of replication in rapidly growing B/r A and K‐12 cultures, a small fraction of the cells (2‐7%) contained 3, 5, 6 or 7 chromosomes. From these measurements it was calculated that initiation at four origins in a single cell occurred within a small fraction, 0.1, of the doubling time (tau). A dnaA(Ts) mutant strain grown at permissive temperature exhibited a very large fraction of cells with irregular numbers of chromosomes after drug treatment demonstrating virtually random timing of initiation. A similar pattern of chromosome number per cell was found after treatment of a recA strain.
On impact decoupling properties of elastic robots and time optimal velocity maximization on joint level

Designing intrinsically elastic robot systems, making systematic use of their properties in terms of impact decoupling, and exploiting temporary energy storage and release during excitative motions is becoming an important topic in nowadays robot design and control. In this paper we treat two distinct questions that are of primary interest in this context. First, we elaborate an accurate estimation of the maximum contact force during simplified human/obstacle-robot collisions and how the relation between reflected joint stiffness, link inertia, human/obstacle stiffness, and human/obstacle inertia affect it. Overall, our analysis provides a safety oriented methodology for designing intrinsically elastic joints and clearly defines how its basic mechanical properties influence the overall collision behavior. This can be used for designing safer and more robust robots. Secondly, we provide a closed form solution of reaching maximum link side velocity in minimum time with an intrinsically elastic joint, while keeping the maximum deflection constraint. This gives an analytical tool for determining suitable stiffness and maximum deflection values in order to be able to execute desired optimal excitation trajectories for explosive motions.
Risk-Aversive Behavior Planning under Multiple Situations with Uncertainty

This paper addresses the problem of future behavior evaluation and planning for upcoming ADAS, especially for inner city traffic scenarios. Situations in inner city traffic scenarios are generally highly complex and of high uncertainty. The behavior in such complex scenarios differs strongly depending on the actually occurring situation. In general the current situation can only be determined with high uncertainty based on current and past sensory measurements of the ego entity and the other involved entities. Additionally a situation can change very quickly, e.g. if a traffic participant suddenly changes its behavior. Here we propose an approach how to plan safe, but still efficient future behavior under consideration of multiple possible situations with different occurrence probabilities. For each situation we predict prototypical future trajectories of all involved entities using a highly general, interaction aware model Foresighted Driver Model (FDM). Then, based on a continuous, probabilistic model for future risk, we build so-called predictive risk maps, one for each possible situation, and plan the own behavior while minimizing overall risk and utility. We show that our approach generates efficient behavior for situations with high probability, while generating a "plan b" to safely deal with improbable but risky situations.
Structures of a platelet-derived growth factor/propeptide complex and a platelet-derived growth factor/receptor complex

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their receptors (PDGFRs) are prototypic growth factors and receptor tyrosine kinases which have critical functions in development. We show that PDGFs share a conserved region in their prodomain sequences which can remain noncovalently associated with the mature cystine-knot growth factor domain after processing. The structure of the PDGF-A/propeptide complex reveals this conserved, hydrophobic association mode. We also present the structure of the complex between PDGF-B and the first three Ig domains of PDGFRβ, showing that two PDGF-B protomers clamp PDGFRβ at their dimerization seam. The PDGF-B:PDGFRβ interface is predominantly hydrophobic, and PDGFRs and the PDGF propeptides occupy overlapping positions on mature PDGFs, rationalizing the need of propeptides by PDGFs to cover functionally important hydrophobic surfaces during secretion. A large-scale structural organization and rearrangement is observed for PDGF-B upon receptor binding, in which the PDGF-B L1 loop, disordered in the structure of the free form, adopts a highly specific conformation to form hydrophobic interactions with the third Ig domain of PDGFRβ. Calorimetric data also shows that the membrane-proximal homotypic PDGFRα interaction, albeit required for activation, contributes negatively to ligand binding. The structural and biochemical data together offer insights into PDGF-PDGFR signaling, as well as strategies for PDGF-antagonism.
Inflammation and cardiac dysfunction during sepsis, muscular dystrophy, and myocarditis

Inflammation plays an important role in cardiac dysfunction under different situations. Acute systemic inflammation occurring in patients with severe burns, trauma, and inflammatory diseases causes cardiac dysfunction, which is one of the leading causes of mortality in these patients. Acute sepsis decreases cardiac contractility and impairs myocardial compliance. Chronic inflammation such as that occurring in Duchenne muscular dystropshy and myocarditis may cause adverse cardiac remodeling including myocyte hypertrophy and death, fibrosis, and altered myocyte function. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms for inflammatory cardiomyopathy are still controversial probably due to multiple factors involved. Potential mechanisms include the change in circulating blood volume; a direct inhibition of myocyte contractility by cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β); abnormal nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling; mitochondrial dysfunction; abnormal excitation-contraction coupling; and reduced calcium sensitivity at the myofibrillar level and blunted β-adrenergic signaling. This review will summarize recent advances in diagnostic technology, mechanisms, and potential therapeutic strategies for inflammation-induced cardiac dysfunction.