Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
P‐107: Very Bright and Efficient Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diode with Hole Transport Layer Deposited under Relatively High Pressure

The characteristics of an organic light‐emitting diode depend on the deposition pressure of the hole transport layer. This effect and the effect of dopant concentration in the emitting layer were investigated. Diodes were constructed using NPB as hole‐transport layers, phosphorescent fac tris(2‐phenylpyridine) iridium (III) [Ir(ppy)3] doped CBP materials as emitting layer, BCP as hole blocking layer and Alq3 as an electron injection‐transport layer. The peak efficiencies of the diodes were sensitive to the deposition pressure of the hole transport layer, and to the dopant concentration. With an optimal pressure, an current efficiency of 44Cd/A with 12wt% Ir(ppy)3 concentration was obtained. A maximum brightness of 210,000 Cd/m2 (cw) was obtained with 15wt% Ir(ppy)3 concentration.
Higher dimensional black holes in external magnetic fields

We apply a Harrison transformation to higher dimensional asymptotically flat black hole solutions, which puts them into an external magnetic field. First, we magnetize the Schwarzschild-Tangherlini metric in arbitrary spacetime dimension n ≥ 4. The thus generated exact solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations describes a static black hole immersed in a Melvin ``fluxbrane'', and generalizes previous results by Ernst for the case n = 4. The magnetic field deforms the shape of the event horizon, but the total area (as a function of the mass) and the thermodynamics remain unaffected. The amount of flux through a one-dimensional loop on the horizon exhibits a maximum for a finite value of the magnetic field strength, and decreases for larger values. In the Aichelburg-Sexl ultrarelativistic limit, the magnetized black hole becomes an impulsive gravitational wave propagating in the Melvin background. Furthermore, we discuss possible applications of a similar Harrison transformation to rotating black objects. This enables us to magnetize the Myers-Perry hole and the (dipole) Emparan-Reall ring at least in the special case when the vector potential is parallel to a nonrotating Killing field. In particular, dipole rings may be held in equilibrium even when their spin vanishes, thus demonstrating (infinite) non-uniqueness of magnetized static uncharged black holes in five dimensions. Physical properties of such rings are discussed.
Rheological and mechanical properties of recycled polypropylene

In order to verify the possibility of manufacturing good quality articles by recycled polypropylene (PP), a study on the effect of many recycling operations on the rheological and mechanical properties of PP was conducted. The amount of degradation occurring during the reprocessing was estimated in the melt state by means of rheological measurements and the results obtained were correlated with the weight average molecular weight M w and the molecular weight distribution MWD. Since the properties in the solid state are strictly dependent upon the molecular structure parameters and the morphology, mechanical properties were checked on films produced from virgin and recycled PP with a cast technology. Moreover, in order to estimate the effect of film composition and of the number of reprocessings on the final properties of the manufactured articles, blend films having different percentages of PP recycled several times and virgin PP were prepared.
Esophageal cancer prevention in zinc-deficient rats: rapid induction of apoptosis by replenishing zinc.

BACKGROUND Nutritional zinc deficiency in rats increases esophageal cell proliferation and the incidence of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA)-induced esophageal tumors. Replenishing zinc with a zinc-sufficient diet reduces these effects in zinc-deficient (ZD) rats. We investigated whether apoptosis was involved in the reduction of NMBA-induced esophageal tumors when ZD rats consumed a zinc-sufficient diet. METHODS Weanling rats were fed a ZD diet (zinc at 3-4 ppm) for 5 weeks to establish esophageal cell proliferation, then treated once with NMBA (2 mg/kg body weight), and divided into the following five groups (47-100 per group). One ZD group was fed the ZD diet, and four zinc-replenished (ZR) groups, ZR(1), ZR(24), ZR(72), and ZR(432), were fed a zinc-sufficient diet (zinc at 74-75 ppm) beginning 1, 24, 72, and 432 hours, respectively, after NMBA treatment. From 24 hours to 2 weeks after beginning a zinc-sufficient diet, esophagi from all ZR groups were analyzed for apoptosis and cell proliferation; ZD esophagi were the controls. Tumor incidence was determined 15 weeks after zinc replenishment. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Zinc replenishment initiated shortly after NMBA treatment effectively reduced esophageal tumorigenesis; 8% (three of 37) of ZR(1), 14% (five of 37) of ZR(24), 19% (five of 26) of ZR(72), and 48% (19 of 40) of ZR(432) rats developed esophageal tumors compared with 93% (14 of 15) of ZD animals (all P<.001). Importantly, 24 and 30 hours after zinc replenishment, esophagi had numerous apoptotic cells (% apoptotic cells: 0 hour = 2.9%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.5% to 3.3%; 24 hours = 9.4%, 95% CI = 8.2% to 10.6%), and the expression of the proapoptotic Bax protein doubled. Within 48 hours, the ZR(1) epithelium was three to five cell layers thick compared with 10-20 layers before zinc replenishment. CONCLUSIONS Zinc replenishment of NMBA-treated ZD rats rapidly induces apoptosis in esophageal epithelial cells and thereby substantially reduces the development of esophageal cancer.
On Observability and Design of Observers inTimed Continuous Petri Net Systems

This paper is devoted both to the study of observability criteria and the design of observers in the continuous Petri net setting. The concept of structural observability, regarding the possibility of estimating the marking of places, i.e., the system state, for any speed of the transitions is introduced and studied for the subclass of join-free Petri nets (JF). For non-join-free Petri nets, conditions to compute suitable state estimates are established. The proposed observers are piecewise linear systems that assure the continuity of the estimate even when a switch occurs. The system simulation may allow us to estimate even the unobservable space of the net system during a given time period.
Automatic Correspondence for 3d Modeling: an Extensive Review

To generate a 3D computer model of a free-form object, multiple range images (point clouds) covering its entire surface are acquired from different viewpoints. These views are then aligned in a common coordinate basis by minimizing the distance error between their corresponding points. Establishing correspondences automatically is an inherently challenging problem due to the lack of any type of information other than the geometrical information extracted from the point clouds. Existing "automatic" correspondence techniques achieve automatism at the expense of other important specifications namely, applicability to free-form objects, accuracy, efficiency, robustness to resolution and surface sampling, robustness to overlap, robustness to noise and finally their applicability to simultaneous multiview correspondence. There is also a lack of a review paper that describes and critically analyzes these techniques. In this paper, we present such an extensive review and carry out the analysis of each technique according to the above listed indispensable criteria. Our analysis shows that none of these techniques fully meets these criteria and that there is still a need for the development of practical automatic correspondence algorithms.
Debonding of cellular structures under shear deformation

Many natural materials at millimetre scale are cellular structures, while at micrometre scale, the cell walls are fibrous elastic composites (e.g. plant stems, vegetables, fruit). Cell separation through debonding of the middle lamella in cell walls is key in explaining some important characteristics or behaviour. To model such phenomena, we consider cellular structures with nonlinear hyperelastic cell walls under large shear deformations and incorporate unilateral contact between neighbouring cells. Numerically, we show that, when finite element models of periodic structures with hexagonal cells are sheared, significant cell separation is captured diagonally across the structure. Our analysis further reveals that separation is less likely between cells with high internal cell pressure than between cells where the internal pressure is low.
A distributed fault detection filtering approach for a class of interconnected continuous-time nonlinear systems

This paper develops a filtering approach for distributed fault detection of a class of interconnected continuous-time nonlinear systems with modeling and measurement uncertainties. A distributed fault detection scheme and corresponding thresholds are designed based on filtering certain signals so that the effect of high frequency measurement uncertainty is diminished. The analysis of the proposed distributed fault detection scheme shows that the derived thresholds guarantee that there are no false alarms and characterizes quantitatively the class of detectable faults.
Fast cortical keypoints for real-time object recognition

Best-performing object recognition algorithms employ a large number features extracted on a dense grid, so they are too slow for real-time and active vision. In this paper we present a fast cortical keypoint detector for extracting meaningful points from images. It is competitive with state-of-the-art detectors and particularly well-suited for tasks such as object recognition. We show that by using these points we can achieve state-of-the-art categorization results in a fraction of the time required by competing algorithms.
Hypertext Categorization using Hyperlink Patterns and Meta Data

Hypertext poses new text classi cation research challenges as hyperlinks, content of linked documents, and meta data about related web sites all provide richer sources of information for hypertext classi cation that are not available in traditional text classi cation. We investigate the use of such information for representing web sites, and the e ectiveness of di erent classi ers (Naive Bayes, Nearest Neighbor, and Foil) in exploiting those representations. We nd that using words in web pages alone often yields suboptimal performance of classi ers, compared to exploiting additional sources of information beyond document content. On the other hand, we also observe that linked pages can be more harmful than helpful when the linked neighborhoods are highly \noisy" and that links have to be used in a careful manner. More importantly, our investigation suggests that meta data which is often available, or can be acquired using Information Extraction techniques, can be extremely useful for improving classi cation accuracy. Finally, the relative performance of the di erent classi ers being tested gives us insights into the strengths and limitations of our algorithms for hypertext classi cation.
Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filter With Multiple Notch Bands Using Nonuniform Periodical Slotted Ground Structure

A novel ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter that is capable of integrating multiple notch bands is proposed in this paper. A multilayer nonuniform periodical structure, which can generate multiple transmission zeros, is deployed in the filter design to improve the selectivity and upper stopband performance of the filter. Short-circuited stub resonators are then integrated to obtain multiple notch bands. The compact footprint of the filter is achieved. UWB filters of this type without a notch and with single-, double-, and triple-notch bands are designed to meet the Federal Communications Commission-defined UWB indoor limit. The designed filters are verified by experiments and fabricated by using multilayer liquid-crystal polymer lamination technology. Both full-wave simulated and measured results are presented and good agreement between them is observed. The proposed filter has good performance and is attractive for UWB communication and radar systems.
Hemodynamic responses during lower-limb resistance exercise with blood flow restriction in healthy subjects.

AIM The purpose of this study was to compare hemodynamic responses during low-intensity resistance exercise, with (LI-BFR) and without (LI) blood flow restriction, with high-intensity resistance exercise (HI). METHODS In a randomized crossover design, 17 healthy subjects performed 3 sets (15 repetitions, 20% 1RM, 45-second rest interval between sets) of 45° bilateral leg press exercises for the LI-BFR and LI protocols; and 3 sets (8 repetitions; 80% 1RM; 1-minute rest interval between sets) for the HI protocol. The BFR was established using two sphygmomanometers (18x90 cm) inflated to partially occlude blood flow to the femoral artery. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were evaluated continuously and noninvasively by beat-to-beat measurements during each protocol. RESULTS Significantly smaller values were demonstrated during the LI-BFR session versus the HI session between the first and second sets for SBP; during the first, second and third sets for DBP; during the first set for HR; during the first, second and third sets for SV; during the first set for CO, and during the second set for TPR. Conversely, perceived exertion was significantly higher in the LI-BFR session versus the HI session. CONCLUSION The LI-BFR session was associated with significantly reduced cardiovascular responses versus the HI session, but showed higher values of subjective perceived exertion.
Avoiding Invalid Instruments and Coping with Weak Instruments

Archimedes said, "Give me the place to stand, and a lever long enough, and I will move the Earth. " Economists have their own powerful lever: the instrumental variable estimator. The instrumental variable estimator can avoid the bias that ordinary least squares suffers when an explanatory variable in a regression is correlated with the regression's disturbance term. But, like Archimedes lever, instrumental variable estimation requires both a valid instrument on which to stand and an instrument that isn't too short (or "too weak"). This paper briefly reviews instrumental variable estimation, discusses classic strategies for avoiding invalid instruments (instruments themselves correlated with the regression's disturbances), and describes recently developed strategies for coping with weak instruments (instruments only weakly correlated with the offending explanator).
A convolutional neural network neutrino event classifier

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely applied in the computer vision community to solve complex problems in image recognition and analysis. We describe an application of the CNN technology to the problem of identifying particle interactions in sampling calorimeters used commonly in high energy physics and high energy neutrino physics in particular. Following a discussion of the core concepts of CNNs and recent innovations in CNN architectures related to the field of deep learning, we outline a specific application to the NOvA neutrino detector. This algorithm, CVN (Convolutional Visual Network) identifies neutrino interactions based on their topology without the need for detailed reconstruction and outperforms algorithms currently in use by the NOvA collaboration.
Implementing a distributed firewall

Conventional rewalls rely on topology restrictions and controlled network entry points to enforce traAEc ltering. Furthermore, a rewall cannot lter traAEc it does not see, so, e ectively, everyone on the protected side is trusted. While this model has worked well for small to medium size networks, networking trends such as increased connectivity, higher line speeds, extranets, and telecommuting threaten to make it obsolete. To address the shortcomings of traditional rewalls, the concept of a \distributed rewall" has been proposed. In this scheme, security policy is still centrally de ned, but enforcement is left up to the individual endpoints. IPsec may be used to distribute credentials that express parts of the overall network policy. Alternately, these credentials may be obtained through out-of-band means. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a distributed rewall using the KeyNote trust management system to specify, distribute, and resolve policy, and OpenBSD, an open source UNIX operating system.
Stress corrosion of aligned glass fibre-polyester composite material

AbstractThe main features of the stress-corrosion failure of glass-reinforced plastic tanks and vessels are described. Model experiments using a modified double cantilever beam test have been made on aligned composite materials tested in 0·6M HCI. The rate of crack growth normal to the fibre direction depends on stress intensity. The crack-tip fracture processes for cracks growing in the velocity range 10−9 to 2 × 10−8 m S−l have been determined using fractographic techniques. The stresses in the fibres before fracture at the crack tip have been estimated from the size of the mirror zones. A major feature of stress corrosion is the planar nature of the crack surface and, at low stress intensities, fracture occurs without interface cracking or debonding. An estimate of the strain energy release rate has been made from an analysis of the stress fields at the crack tip and the mechanisms of crack growth. The results are in reasonably good agreement with experimentally determined values.MST/64
Groebner Bases for Everyone with CoCoA-5 and CoCoALib

We present a survey on the developments on Groebner bases showing explicit examples in CoCoA. The CoCoA project dates back to 1987: its aim was to create a mathematician-friendly laboratory for studying Commutative Algebra, most especially Groebner bases. Since then, always maintaining this "friendly" tradition, it has evolved and has been completely rewritten. CoCoA offers Groebner bases for all levels of interest: from the basic quick call in the interactive system CoCoA-5, to problem-specific optimized implementations, to the computer--computer communication with the open source C++ software library, CoCoALib, or the prototype OpenMath-based server. The openness and clean design of CoCoALib and CoCoA-5 are intended to offer different levels of usage, and to encourage external contributions.
Emergence of hysteresis in gait transition by changing walking speed of an oscillator-driven quadruped robot

This study investigated the locomotion of a quadruped robot. The leg motions are generated by nonlinear oscillators using phase resetting. We conducted the numerical simulation and showed that the robot produces various gait patterns through dynamical interactions among the robot mechanical system, oscillator control system, and environment and achieves gait transition by changing the walking speed. Furthermore, we demonstrated that a hysteresis with respect to gait pattern appears during the gait transition similarly to humans and animals, and we examined the mechanisms of the hysteresis from a dynamic viewpoint.
Effects of seasonal changes on the ovulation rate and embryo quality in superovulated Black Suffolk ewes.

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of seasonal changes on the superovulation in Black Suffolk ewes, particularly the ovulation rate and embryo quality. DESIGN Black Suffolk ewes were superovulated either in May (n=22) or in September (n=21), 2013. After estrus synchronization with CIDR, the donor ewes were superovulated with PMSG and seven decreasing doses of FSH (twice daily at 07:00 and 19:00 for four consecutive days. Then, they were subjected to laparoscopic intrauterine artificial insemination. The viable morula and blastocysts were recovered and immediately transferred to recipients. RESULTS Ewes that were superovulated in May had a much higher ovulation rate than those were superovulated in September (16.8 ± 3.23vs. 10.2 ± 2.94, p<0.01); however, the viability rate of the embryo was lower than that of September (56.0 ± 1.92% vs. 92.5 ± 3.26%, p<0.01). There was no significant difference in the survival rate of the transferred viable embryos (33.9 ± 1.00% vs. 36.7 ± 1.64%, p>0.05) and the number of offspring per donor ewe (3.1 ± 0.54 vs. 2.9 ± 0.72, p>0.05) between May and September. In contrast, the offspring/ova ratio of the donor ewes superovulated in May was lower than that of September (18.5 ± 1.64% vs. 32.8 ± 2.14%, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The superovulation of Black Suffolk ewes may be affected by the seasonal changes. Generallly, The ewe's ovulation rate was higher in May, whereas the viability rate of embryo was higher in September.
Do Perceptual Instructions Lead to Enhanced Performance Relative to Behavioral Instructions?

ABSTRACT As people we commonly instruct people in terms of physical actions to carry out to perform any task. However, according to perceptual control theory (Powers, 1973), human action serves to control perception. Using a drawing task, it was hypothesized that instructions describing the perceivable effects of the movement would result in greater accuracy of image drawing than those describing the movement. Participants were asked to draw images using different instructions; describing the expected perceptions and describing the movements. As predicted, it was found that describing the perceptual outcome of the task led to significantly more accurate drawings than describing the movements did. This highlights the importance of instructions based on desired perceptions when precise execution of a skill is necessary.
Essential Oils Modulate Gene Expression and Ochratoxin A Production in Aspergillus carbonarius

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin, mainly produced on grapes by Aspergillus carbonarius, that causes massive health problems for humans. This study aims to reduce the occurrence of OTA by using the ten following essential oils (E.Os): fennel, cardamom, anise, chamomile, celery, cinnamon, thyme, taramira, oregano and rosemary at 1 µL/mL and 5 µL/mL for each E.O. As a matter of fact, their effects on the OTA production and the growth of A. carbonarius S402 cultures were evaluated, after four days at 28 °C on a Synthetic Grape Medium (SGM). Results showed that A. carbonarius growth was reduced up to 100%, when cultured with the E.Os of cinnamon, taramira, and oregano at both concentrations and the thyme at 5 µL/mL. As for the other six E.Os, their effect on A. carbonarius growth was insignificant, but highly important on the OTA production. Interestingly, the fennel E.O at 5 µL/mL reduced the OTA production up to 88.9% compared to the control, with only 13.8% of fungal growth reduction. We further investigated the effect of these E.Os on the expression levels of the genes responsible for the OTA biosynthesis (acOTApks and acOTAnrps along with the acpks gene) as well as the two regulatory genes laeA and vea, using the quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) method. The results revealed that these six E.Os reduced the expression of the five studied genes, where the ackps was downregulated by 99.2% (the highest downregulation in this study) with 5 µL/mL of fennel E.O. As for the acOTApks, acOTAnrps, veA and laeA, their reduction levels ranged between 10% and 96% depending on the nature of the E.O and its concentration in the medium.