Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of work-integrated learning in rural health and human services under the National Disability Insurance Scheme in Australia

The impact of Australian disability policy reform, known as the National Disability Insurance Scheme, on the capacity of rural health and human service organizations to facilitate higher education has been poorly investigated. This study explored how health professionals perceive the impact of the National Disability Insurance Scheme on nursing and allied health work-integrated learning (WIL) in rural host organizations during the scheme’s implementation in Victoria, Australia. Data collected from 20 health professionals across rural Victoria were thematically analyzed and mapped onto WIL dimensions. This process revealed themes relating to shifts in WIL purpose, context, nature and responsibilities. The findings suggest the National Disability Insurance Scheme may have limited rural organizational capacity to host students undertaking WIL, and in turn, contributed to a decline in rural health education during the implementation phase. Thus, WIL partners may need to pay greater attention to the policy framework surrounding rural WIL opportunities.
CFD Analysis of Eccentricity Effects on Horizontal Wells Cleaning Process

On the drilling process, drill pipe rotation and the weight applied to the bit is what promotes the rock fragmentation. The drilling fluid injected into the column removes these cuttings and return to the surface through the annular space. For horizontal wells, the drill string is usually displaced, due to gravitational effects, generating an eccentric configuration that changes the flow pattern and creates a sedimentation bed, which affects the wellbore cleaning process. This study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in order to evaluate the eccentricity effects on the cleaning process performance. The drilling fluid is a standard fluid, used by a big petroleum company, with non-Newtonian characteristics represented by the Herschel-Bulkley rheological model. The geometry consists of two cylinders. The outer cylinder is static and the inner cylinder rotates, with rotational speed varying from ω = 0 to ω = 400 rpm. The axial flow is characterized by the Reynolds number, which varies from 200 to 1000. Two diameters ratio were evaluated (k = 0.5 and k = 0.9). For all the configurations specified above, five eccentricity values were analysed, varying from ε = 0 (concentric case) to ε = 0.8. The study shows a reduction of the axial velocity in the narrow gap with an increase of eccentricity, which would difficult the cuttings transport and form a cuttings bed at the bottom of the annular. This negative effect is compensated by an increase of the tangential velocity in this sector, which improves the cleaning process efficiency. The study also shows that the increase in eccentricity cause a reduction of pressure drop, demanding less energy to remove the cuttings.
Extremely Warm European Summers driven by Sub-Decadal North Atlantic Heat Inertia

The internal variability of European summer temperatures has been linked to various mechanisms on seasonal to sub-and multi-decadal timescales. We find that sub-decadal time scales dominate summer temperature variability over large parts of the continent, and the mechanisms controlling such sub-decadal variations remain unexplored. Extremely warm summers occurring in sub-decadal periods when abnormally warm summer temperatures conglomerate are controlled by a strengthening of the subtropical gyre, an increase of heat transport, and an accumulation of heat content several years prior to an extremely 5 warm European summer, thereby affecting ocean-atmosphere heat fluxes during extreme summers. This leads to a weakening and northward displacement of the jet stream and increased probability of atmospheric blocking over Scandinavia. Our findings link the occurrence of extremely warm European summers to the inertia of the North Atlantic, whose potential to improve the predictability of extremely warm summers several years ahead is of great societal interest, especially in a warming climate.
Determinants of Poverty: A Mini-Review

This paper aims to review the literature on the determinants of poverty. This study also provides insights into the interplay between demographic, social, economic, and political determinants and their impact on poverty levels. This review concludes by emphasising the interconnectedness of these determinants and the need for comprehensive and integrated approaches to poverty reduction. The literature review results revealed a significant effect of the economic, social, demographic and political determinants on poverty. Finally, the paper provides insights for policymakers and practitioners seeking to develop strategies that promote sustainable development for poverty reduction.
Comprehensive multiphase chlorine chemistry in the box model CAABA/MECCA: implications for atmospheric oxidative capacity

Abstract. Tropospheric chlorine chemistry can strongly impact the atmospheric oxidation capacity and composition, especially in urban environments. To account for these reactions, the gas- and aqueous-phase Cl chemistry of the community atmospheric chemistry box model Chemistry As A Boxmodel Application/Module Efficiently Calculating the Chemistry of the Atmosphere (CAABA/MECCA) has been extended. In particular, an explicit mechanism for ClNO2 formation following N2O5 uptake to aerosols has been developed. The updated model has been applied to two urban environments with different concentrations of NOx (NO + NO2): New Delhi (India) and Leicester (United Kingdom). The model shows a sharp build-up of Cl at sunrise through Cl2 photolysis in both the urban environments. Besides Cl2 photolysis, ClO+NO reaction and photolysis of ClNO2 and ClONO are also prominent sources of Cl in Leicester. High-NOx conditions in Delhi tend to suppress the nighttime build-up of N2O5 due to titration of O3 and thus lead to lower ClNO2, in contrast to Leicester. Major loss of ClNO2 is through its uptake on chloride, producing Cl2, which consequently leads to the formation of Cl through photolysis. The reactivities of Cl and OH are much higher in Delhi; however, the Cl/OH reactivity ratio is up to ≈ 9 times greater in Leicester. The contribution of Cl to the atmospheric oxidation capacity is significant and even exceeds (by ≈ 2.9 times) that of OH during the morning hours in Leicester. Sensitivity simulations suggest that the additional consumption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) due to active gas- and aqueous-phase chlorine chemistry enhances OH, HO2, and RO2 near sunrise. The simulation results of the updated model have important implications for future studies on atmospheric chemistry and urban air quality.
Learning On Whole-Slide Pathological Images

We will show the derivation of Normalized Weighted Geometric Mean (NWGM) approximation used in Eq.(7) in the main paper. In a MIL problem, given the bag feature, let g(·) be a classifier that calculates logits for the k-way bag-level classification. The approximation moves the outer sum into softmax: E[Softmax(g(·))] ≈ Softmax(E[g(·)]). Without loss of generality, the backdoor adjustment formula in Eq.(3) can be written as:
Aﬀine Multibanking for High-Level Synthesis

In the last decade, FPGAs appeared as a credible alternative for big data and high-performance computing applications. However, programming an FPGA is tedious: given a function to implement, the circuit must be designed from scratch by the developer. In this short paper, we address the compilation of data placement under parallelism and resource constraints. We propose an HLS algorithm able to partition the data across memory banks, so parallel accesses will target distinct banks to avoid data transfer serialization. Our algorithm is able to reduce the number of banks and the maximal bank size. Preliminary evaluation shows promising results.
Warden: Multi-Layered Control Flow Integrity in Web Applications

This research introduces Warden, a function-level control ﬂow enforcement for web applications. The goal of Warden is to strengthen the security of the Single Use-Server model by detecting attacks such as code injection and remote code execution. Both of these attacks leverage vulnerabilities to allow a user to execute arbitrary code on a server through a public facing website. Due to the nature of this, the code executed can range from covert (such as cryptomining or leaking data) to overt (such as denial of service or ransomware). While SuS architecture could prevent or mitigate damage from leaking and ransoming data, an attacker with knowledge of the underlying system could craft code injection attacks that would not be caught such as cryptomining. In addition to added security, Warden aims to answer the question of whether an asynchronous and layered approach to control ﬂow enforcement is viable. Traditionally, CFI enforcement software uses a graph of function calls and blocks each time a new function is called to ensure that it is valid (found in the underlying graph). Modern web applications often call thousands of functions from each interaction with the user, and blocking on each one adds signiﬁcant latency. The unique design of Warden is intended to lessen this problem. Warden is able to detect remote code execution in all cases except that which the malicious code was named the same as a valid function, called on the same line, and only used functions that the overwritten function had, on the same lines. However, this added security also increases overhead on the original system, on average increasing utilized CPU by 20%, memory by 8%, and latency by 535%. Cursory optimizations were able to improve this overhead signiﬁcantly and we believe that further work would be able to increase the eﬃciency of threading in the application to reduce the overhead much further.
The effect of antioxidants on the quality and oxidative stability of animal fats

The aim of the work was to determine the influence of natural and synthetic antioxidants on the quality and stability of animal fats. On the samples, with and without the addition of natural antioxidants (extract of sage, rosemary and ginger) added in the fats at a concentracion of 0.2 % and synthetic antio - xidants (PG-propyl galate, BHA-butylhydroxyanisole and BHT-butylhidroxytoluene) added in the fats at a concentracion 0.01 % the values of the peroxide value and the content of free fatty acids were tested. The oxidative stability of fats was determined by the sustainability test at 98 °C during 7 days. Every 24 hours, the peroxide value and free fatty acids were examinedid for all samples of beef, sheep and goat fat. The results of the research show that the applied antioxidants successfully stabilized all animal fats compared to the control sample. Analysis of the composition of fatty acids of base samples (without the addition of natural antioxidants) shows that palmitic, stearic and oleic fatty acids are the most abundant in animal fats. The highest total SFA value was found in sheep fat (66.85 %), and the lowest in goat fat (56.57 %). In beef fat, the total SFA content was 59.26 %. Stearic acid is the most abundant in sheep fat (37.75 %), while beef and goat fat had lower and approximately equal values (27.93 % and 26.91 %). After staeric fat, palmitic fat is the mostabundant in beef fat with 27.78 %, followed by 25.25 % in sheep fat and 24.91 % in goat fat. Of the monounsaturated acids (MUFA), the most abundant in goat fat was oleic acid (38.16 %), while it was somewhat lower in beef (36.61 %), and the lowest in sheep (27.60 %). Total unsa - turated fatty acids (UFA) are most abundant in goat fat (43.51 %), followed by beef (40.82 %), while they are significantly less present in sheep's fat (32.95 %). Among polyunsaturated acids (PUFA), the highest content of linoleic acid was found in sheep fat (4.19 %). In beef fat, linoleic acid was 60 % lower compa - red to sheep fat (0.76 %), and 10% higher compared to goat fat (1.89 %). Based on the content of indivi - dual fatty acids and the content of certain groups of fatty acids: SFA, UFA, MUFA, PUFA, the nutritional indices of the tested fats were calculated. It was concluded that the tested samples of beef, sheep, and goat fat without the addition of antioxidants can not be declared as products of high nutritional value. The nutritional value expressed through the PUFA/SFA ratio for beef fat was 0,01, and sheep fat and goat fat 0.06.
Building Blockchain Frontiers: Ethereum as an Extension of the Californian Ideology

The Ethereum blockchain has emerged as a new technology with particular affordances that lend themselves to entrepreneurial visions aligned with the Californian Ideology. Conceptualizing Ethereum as “the world computer” offers a compelling vision for those inspired by the Californian Ideology. This article examines two case studies—talks presented at DevCon4, the Ethereum community’s largest annual conference—to investigate some of the physical prototypes fueled by a supposedly ethereal technology. We focus on two distinct framings of Ethereum: As part of Silicon Valley elite Stewart Brand’s long-term futurist vision and crypto millionaire Jeff Berns’s utopian community in the Nevada desert. Through an ethnographic analysis of their frontier-themed visions, we argue that Ethereum proponents strategically use elements of the Californian Ideology to situate themselves in a successful history that also blends commercial success with countercultural elements.
ABSOLUTE DISTANCE MEASUREMENT USING FREQUENCY SCANNING INTERFEROMETRY

Absolute distance measurement is necessary for many applications where the distance to a fixed-target is required. In this paper, frequency scanning interferometry is implemented with an external cavity tunable diode laser, which has a wavelength scanning range of (665-675 nm), to measure distances up to 5 m absolutely (achieved by multi-reflection system). An ultra-low expansion (ULE) Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity has been used as a reference to measure the tunable-laser scanning range. Absolute distance is determined by counting the synthetic fringes and FP peaks simultaneously while scanning the laser frequency. A fringe processing technique is developed to perform online distance measurement even though the tunable laser is not mode-hop free. This fringe processing method enables simple, fast and accurate distance measurements with repeatability ±3.9×10-6 L and combined uncertainty ±38.9×10-6 L which is limited by the calibration system used.
Stay with me - Conversational Churn Prevention in Digital subscription Service

Lots of organizations use subscription business models. However, with increasing competition and technological progress switching costs for customers are decreasing. This development can translate to serious issues for subscription-based businesses, requiring action. Traditionally, businesses used mailings or calls, which are costly, time-consuming and often not effective. In this research-in-progress paper, we explore conversational churn prevention as a potential remedy. We present a conversational agent with persuasive design features (e.g., nudges) and first results from a pre-study. We conduct an in-between subject experiment and interviews for our mixed-methods evaluation of our pre-study. Our work contributes to theory, by presenting more insights into the interaction quality of conversational agents in the context of churn prevention of digital services and the role of persuasive design. We support practitioners, by guiding them towards more effective use of conversational agents to improve their services and to predict churn.
Axioms for Rényi Entropy with Signed Measures ∗

The maximum entropy method was introduced to physics as a way of deriving the Boltzmann distribution of statistical mechanics (Jaynes, 1957). This method has subsequently been widely used in information theory, statistics, and many applications besides physics. In this paper, we modify the definition of entropy to handle signed measures. Elsewhere (Brandenburger, La Mura, and Zoble, 2019), we use this modification to provide an entropy-based characterization of the simplest quantum system, namely, the qubit. We consider Rényi entropy (Rényi, 1961), which includes Shannnon entropy (Shannon, 1948) as a special case and is used in communication theory, computer science, and quantum information, among other applications. Rényi entropy for ordinary (unsigned) measures was axiomatized in Rényi (1961) and Daróczy (1963). Here, we modify the Rényi axioms so that they retain their intent when signed measures are introduced, and we derive the family of entropy functionals that satisfies our axioms.
Report of the BSM Working Group of the Physics Beyond Colliders at CERN

The Physics Beyond Colliders initiative is an exploratory study aimed at exploiting the full scientific potential of the CERN’s accelerator complex and scientific infrastructures through projects complementary to the LHC and other possible future colliders. These projects will target fundamental physics questions in modern particle physics. This document presents the status of the proposals presented in the framework of the Beyond the Standard Model physics working group, and explore their physics reach and the impact that CERN could have in the next 10-20 years on the international landscape.
Modal classification in optical waveguides using deep learning

ABSTRACT Single-mode operation is crucial in many on-chip integrated photonic devices, and thus the identification of single-mode geometries is an inevitable design requirement. In this article, we develop deep learning (DL) models for ultra-quick classifications of optical waveguide geometries into single- and multi-modal geometries. The DL model accurately predicts the boundary in the parameter space for the geometry of the waveguide that splits the space into single- and multi-modal regions. Using silicon nitride channel waveguide, and targeting both visible and telecommunication wavelengths, we illustrate how DL models can be developed with a minimal number of exact numerical simulations to Maxwell’s equations.
Screening and evaluation of antidiabetic activities of endophytic fungi associated with Etlingera elatior

Abstract. Nurjannah L, Azhari A, Wulandari AP, Amin S, Supratman U. 2023. Screening and evaluation of antidiabetic activities of endophytic fungi associated with Etlingera elatior. Biodiversitas 24: 3481-3487. Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Sm. has been well-documented to have antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. Among all medical conditions worldwide, diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death. Therefore, research on the discovery of antidiabetic medicines inhibitory to ? -glucosidase (an enzyme for degrading complex dietary carbohydrates into sugar in the digestive process) is urgently needed. This study aims to isolate and evaluate the potential of the fermentation culture of endophytic fungi associated with E. elatior to inhibit the activity of ? -glucosidase. The endophytic fungi were isolated from various parts of E. elatior. A total of 29 isolates were successfully isolated from the plant's roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. The endophytic fungi were tested for their ability to inhibit ? -glucosidase activity in bioassays. Among those isolates, 8 were inhibitory to such an enzyme, and 2 showed the highest inhibitory activities. Morphotype and molecular identification of those isolates, using their Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA (rDNA), identified them as Daldinia eschscholtzii isolate CFL 7 and Hypoxylon trugodes voucher YMJ 57, with IC50 values of 738 µg/mL and 825 µg/mL, respectively. That indicates that they are potentially used in preventing or treating diabetic mellitus.
Comptes Rendus Géoscience Sciences de la Planète

The origin of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) has often been mentioned as a driver of SOM reactivity. This was quantified by statistically relating the isotopic and lipid composition of SOM to benthic nutrient fluxes in 200 intertidal mudflats sampled along the Brittany coast (France). The origin of SOM explained 24% and 31% of the variance of NH + 4 and PO 3 − 4 fluxes, respectively. The NH + 4 fluxes were driven by the uptake by phytoplankton of dissolved anthropogenic N exported from agricultural catchments. Their sedimentation is favoured by low hydrodynamic conditions, enriching the sediments with labile OM. The PO 3 − 4 fluxes were driven by the sedimentation of particulate P exported through agricultural soil erosion.
Do Personality Traits Have Effect on Performance in the Presence of an Audience?

: The aim of this study was to examine whether there are differences in the performance on simple and complex mathematical tasks depending on the personality traits and the presence of an audience. After completing the personality questionnaire, within the first experimental session, participants ( N =70) solved one set of simple and one set of complex mathematical tasks. In the second session participants solved another set of simple and another set of complex tasks. In one of the sessions, participants were solving tasks in front of the audience, while in the other session the audience was absent. The results indicate that presence of an audience facilitates performance of those participants low on neuroticism, but only when they are solving simple tasks.
Simulation and annotation of global acronyms

Abstract Motivation Global acronyms are used in written text without their formal definitions. This makes it difficult to automatically interpret their sense as acronyms tend to be ambiguous. Supervised machine learning approaches to sense disambiguation require large training datasets. In clinical applications, large datasets are difficult to obtain due to patient privacy. Manual data annotation creates an additional bottleneck. Results We proposed an approach to automatically modifying scientific abstracts to (i) simulate global acronym usage and (ii) annotate their senses without the need for external sources or manual intervention. We implemented it as a web-based application, which can create large datasets that in turn can be used to train supervised approaches to word sense disambiguation of biomedical acronyms. Availability and implementation The datasets will be generated on demand based on a user query and will be downloadable from https://datainnovation.cardiff. ac.uk/acronyms/.
Microscopic nature of viscosity and a long range bond-orientational ordering in a model liquid

Recently there have been several considerations by different authors of viscosity and the Green-Kubo stress correlation function from the microscopic perspective. In most of these and earlier works the atomic level stress is the minimal element of stress. It is also possible to consider, for pairwise interaction potentials, as the minimal elements of stress, the stress tensors associated with the pairs of interacting particles. From this perspective, the atomic level stress is not the minimal stress element, but a sum of all pair stress elements in which involved a selected particle. In this paper, we consider the Green-Kubo stress correlation function from a microscopic perspective using the stress tensors of interacting pairs as the basic stress elements. The obtained results show the presence of a long-range bond-orientational order in the studied model liquid and naturally elucidate the connection of the bond-orientational order with viscosity. It turns out that the long-range bond-orientational order is more clearly expressed in the pairs' stress correlation function than in the atomic stress correlation function. On the other hand, previously observed stress waves are much better expressed in the atomic stress correlation functions. We also address the close connection of our approach with the previous bond-orientational order considerations. Finally, we consider the probability distributions for the bond-stress and atomic stress correlation products at selected distances. The results demonstrate that these probability distributions are rather wide and thus raise questions about the significance of the average correlation functions.