Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Yeast Num1p associates with the mother cell cortex during S/G2 phase and affects microtubular functions

The NUM1 gene is involved in the control of nuclear migration in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The content of NUM1 mRNA fluctuates during the cell cycle, reaching a maximum at S/G2 phase, and the translation product Num1p associates with the cortex of mother cells mainly during S, G2, and mitosis, as seen by indirect immunofluorescence. The nuclear spindle in NUM1-deficient large-budded cells often fails to align along the mother/bud axis, while abnormally elongated astral microtubules emanate from both spindle pole bodies. A num1 null mutation confers temperature sensitivity to the cold-sensitive alpha-tubulin mutant tub1- 1, and shows synthetic lethality with the beta-tubulin mutant alleles tub2-402, tub2-403, tub2-404, and tub2-405. Deletion mapping has defined three functionally important Num1p regions: a potential EF hand Ca2+ binding site, a cluster of potential phosphorylation sites and a pleckstrin homology domain. The latter domain appears to be involved in targeting Num1p to the mother cell cortex. Our data suggest that the periodically expressed NUM1 gene product controls nuclear migration by affecting astral microtubule functions.
Towards a New Approach for Community Detection Algorithm in Social Networks

In the recent years, social networks emerged rapidly and it's has become more complex. Social networks play an important role in the dissemination of information and the spread of influence. Several research studies are interested to the detection of the structure of complex networks, otherwise, to the community detection and leader detection. The major drawback of most of the proposed algorithms is that they require knowledge of number of communities to detect. Our approach proposes an algorithm for the detection of communities in social networks, especially the detection of leader nodes (influencer’s nodes) without a priori knowledge of the number of communities or leaders to detect. Keywords—Community detection; leader node; centrality; complex networks; graph theory.
Surgical Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases Due to Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Although the treatment of pulmonary diseases due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) requires the long-term use of antibiotics in combination, the treatment success rates are unsatisfactory. We evaluated the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of 23 patients with NTM lung diseases who had underwent pulmonary resection. The median age of the patients was 45 yr. Of the 23 patients, 10 had Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex infection, 12 had M. abscessus infection, and one had M. xenopi infection. The indications for surgery were antibiotic therapy failure (n=11), remnant cavitary lesion with high probability of relapse (n=8), and massive hemoptysis (n=4). The most common procedure was lobectomy (48%). Postoperative complications occurred in eight patients (35%), including postoperative pneumonia (n=3) and late bronchopleural fistula (n=2). Negative sputum culture conversion was achieved and maintained in all except two mortalities. Although it is associated with a relatively high complication rate, patients with NTM lung disease whose disease is localized to one lung and who can tolerate resectional surgery might be considered for surgery, if there has been poor response to drug therapy or if the patients develop significant disease-related complications such as hemoptysis.
A Modified Hybrid RF Predistorter Linearizer for Ultra Wideband 5G Systems

The wide-bandwidth signal transmission is one of the requirements in upcoming 5G communication systems in its quest for high data rates. In this paper, a wideband hybrid RF/digital predistortion (HRF-DPD) linearization technique is reported to compensate for the nonlinearity of ultra-wideband power amplifier (PA) for 5G systems driven by carrier aggregated and wideband modulated signals. The proposed methodology is suitable for 5G PA design, since its power overhead and system bandwidth does not increase with an increase in signal bandwidth. Taking advantage of recent available digital signal processing solutions, the proposed method reduces hardware requirements of the conventional analog predistorter by alleviating the need of vector multiplier, branch line coupler, and delay lines. Such linear operations are controlled digitally, which provides flexibility in terms of digitally compensation of delay, gain and phase control of the signal. For establishing a proof of concept, HRF-DPD is implemented with ZX60V-82+ class AB PA and tested using a 100- and 50-MHz long term evolution-carrier aggregated (LTE-CA) signal at 2 GHz. Experimental results show that the wideband PA along with the proposed predistorter delivers an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of −54 dBc with a cancellation of 30.6 dB for 100-MHz LTE-CA signal. With the proposed method PA, nonlinear distortion outside the 100-MHz band can be linearized leading to filter less architecture which provides 45-dBc ACLR performance.
Development of an Intelligent Perceptual Shaping Function in Digital Image Watermarking

In this paper an intelligent method to develop a perceptual shaping function based on DCT_GP has been proposed. To achieve a trade off between two opposed characteristics of digital image watermarking, robustness and imperceptibility, a genetic programming based algorithm has been applied. In this way, the cover work is divided into some blocks and the DCT coefficients in each block are calculated. One AC coefficient, which is not in the low frequency or high frequency parts, in each block is shaped according to a perceptual shaping function. This function is produced by the genetic programming process and can easily be adaptive by watermark and cover image. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, some digital image processing attacks such as image cropping, noise contamination and JPEG compression has been used. Robustness and imperceptibility of proposed algorithm under experimental results, has have improvements in comparison with other similar methods.
Evidence that Adaptation in Drosophila Is Not Limited by Mutation at Single Sites

Adaptation in eukaryotes is generally assumed to be mutation-limited because of small effective population sizes. This view is difficult to reconcile, however, with the observation that adaptation to anthropogenic changes, such as the introduction of pesticides, can occur very rapidly. Here we investigate adaptation at a key insecticide resistance locus (Ace) in Drosophila melanogaster and show that multiple simple and complex resistance alleles evolved quickly and repeatedly within individual populations. Our results imply that the current effective population size of modern D. melanogaster populations is likely to be substantially larger (≥100-fold) than commonly believed. This discrepancy arises because estimates of the effective population size are generally derived from levels of standing variation and thus reveal long-term population dynamics dominated by sharp—even if infrequent—bottlenecks. The short-term effective population sizes relevant for strong adaptation, on the other hand, might be much closer to census population sizes. Adaptation in Drosophila may therefore not be limited by waiting for mutations at single sites, and complex adaptive alleles can be generated quickly without fixation of intermediate states. Adaptive events should also commonly involve the simultaneous rise in frequency of independently generated adaptive mutations. These so-called soft sweeps have very distinct effects on the linked neutral polymorphisms compared to the standard hard sweeps in mutation-limited scenarios. Methods for the mapping of adaptive mutations or association mapping of evolutionarily relevant mutations may thus need to be reconsidered.
Influence of sward height, daily timing of concentrate supplementation, and restricted time for grazing on forage utilization by lactating beef cows.

To establish the effect of sward height, concentrate feeding time, and restricted time for grazing on forage utilization by grazing cattle, 32 crossbred beef (24 Angus and eight Hereford) cows (632 kg BW) and calves (104 kg BW) were grouped by weight and calving date. They were assigned randomly to two sward height treatments (4 to 8 or 8 to 12 cm), replicated four times. The herbage comprised mainly Kentucky bluegrass, orchardgrass, some forbs, and white clover. The cows were restricted to 12 h/d grazing (0700 to 1900) or unrestricted to 24 h/d grazing and fed a concentrate supplement (4.1 kg DM.cow(-1). d(-1), approximately 0.65% of BW or 33% of total DMI) either at 0700 or 1800. The experiment was repeated over three 15-d periods in May, June/July, and August 2000. The herbage on high sward height pasture was higher (P = 0.06) in NDF and ADF and lower (P < 0.01) in CP than low sward height herbage. For cows restricted to 12 h/d grazing, supplementing at 0700 as opposed 1800 resulted in greater (P = 0.04) forage DMI (8.6 vs. 8.1 kg/d), whereas cows that were unrestricted showed little change (8.2 kg/d at 0700 vs. 8.4 kg/d at 1800). Supplementing at 1800 as opposed to 0700 resulted in greater (P = 0.03) herbage DM digestibility (67.7 vs. 64.5%) for cows on high sward height, whereas cows on low sward height exhibited minimal differences (65.4% at 1800 vs. 66.3% at 0700). Cows restricted to 12 h/d grazing and supplemented at 0700 as opposed to 1800 resulted in greater (P = 0.06) digestible DMI (5.0 vs. 4.7 kg/d), whereas unrestricted cows exhibited the opposite response (4.6 kg/d digestible DMI at 0700 vs. 4.9 kg/d at 1800). Supplementing at 1800 as opposed to 0700 increased the time spent grazing to a greater (P = 0.09) extent for restricted than for unrestricted cows. When forage availability or grazing time was limiting (due to a low forage allowance and restricted access to forage, respectively) supplementing concentrates at 0700 resulted in greater forage utilization and intake rate because of increased forage DMI, DM digestibility, and digestible DMI. However, when forage or grazing time was not limiting, supplementing concentrates at 1800 resulted in greater forage utilization because of increased forage DM digestibility.
Clinical Overview of Extrapulmonary Small Cell Carcinoma

The objective of this study was to review the natural history of extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) with specific emphasis on clinical features, response to treatment and survival. The records of all patients (n=34) with EPSCC treated at Yeungnam University Medical Center and Catholic University of Daegu Medical Center between 1998 and 2005 were retrieved and reviewed. The primary sites of tumor were the esophagus and thymus in 6 patients (17.6%) each, pancreas and stomach in 5 patients each (14.7%); other sites included were the cervix, abdominal lymph nodes, abdominal wall, bladder, colon, maxillary sinus, nasal cavity, ovary, parotid gland and liver. Twenty three patients out of 34 had limited disease. The median survival of all patients was 14 months. Independent prognostic factors included stage and primary tumor location. The prognosis for the patients with extensive disease and in the gastrointestinal group was unfavorable. EPSCC is a non homogeneous disease entity. As a result of its frequent recurrence, multimodal therapy has a better outcome even in cases of limited disease. Combination chemotherapy plays a central role for treatment of extensive disease in EPSCC. Further multicenter studies are now needed to determine more details regarding disease subclass and optimal treatment modality.
Alkaliphilic Bacteria with Impact on Industrial Applications, Concepts of Early Life Forms, and Bioenergetics of ATP Synthesis

Alkaliphilic bacteria typically grow well at pH 9, with the most extremophilic strains growing up to pH values as high as pH 12–13. Interest in extreme alkaliphiles arises because they are sources of useful, stable enzymes, and the cells themselves can be used for biotechnological and other applications at high pH. In addition, alkaline hydrothermal vents represent an early evolutionary niche for alkaliphiles and novel extreme alkaliphiles have also recently been found in alkaline serpentinizing sites. A third focus of interest in alkaliphiles is the challenge raised by the use of proton-coupled ATP synthases for oxidative phosphorylation by non-fermentative alkaliphiles. This creates a problem with respect to tenets of the chemiosmotic model that remains the core model for the bioenergetics of oxidative phosphorylation. Each of these facets of alkaliphilic bacteria will be discussed with a focus on extremely alkaliphilic Bacillus strains. These alkaliphilic bacteria have provided a cogent experimental system to probe adaptations that enable their growth and oxidative phosphorylation at high pH. Adaptations are clearly needed to enable secreted or partially exposed enzymes or protein complexes to function at the high external pH. Also, alkaliphiles must maintain a cytoplasmic pH that is significantly lower than the pH of the outside medium. This protects cytoplasmic components from an external pH that is alkaline enough to impair their stability or function. However, the pH gradient across the cytoplasmic membrane, with its orientation of more acidic inside than outside, is in the reverse of the productive orientation for bioenergetic work. The reversed gradient reduces the trans-membrane proton-motive force available to energize ATP synthesis. Multiple strategies are hypothesized to be involved in enabling alkaliphiles to circumvent the challenge of a low bulk proton-motive force energizing proton-coupled ATP synthesis at high pH.
Calibrating a Measure of Motivation in Using Technology.

This study examines the functioning of an instrument for measuring elementary school students' motivation to learn about technology. The theoretical framework of the study is based on expectancy-value theory, which focuses on cognitive factors in determining achievement behaviors. Participants were 129 sixth grade students. A questionnaire was group administered orally to the students. The 36 items in the questionnaire addressed the following areas thought to bear on a measure of motivation to learn about technology: self-concept of ability, perception of technology, intrinsic causal attribution, extrinsic causal attributions, task-involved motivation, ego-involved motivation, parents' perception, female gender issues, and male gender issues. It is concluded that the attempt to develop an instrument to measure motivation in learning about technology was successful. Several figures and tables presenting survey data are appended. (Contains 17 references.) (MES) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Calibrating a Measure of Motivation in Using Technology Young Suk Hwang, CSUSB William Fisher, LSU Konstantinos Vrongistinos, CSUN A paper presented at the meeting of the American Educational Research Association Seattle, Washington April, 2001 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and improvement --"\ EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND kik This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
Prognostic Value of Exercise Testing During Heart Transplant Evaluation in Children

Background—Maximum oxygen consumption (peak VO2) <50% predicted on exercise testing is a class I indication for heart transplant (HT) listing in children. This recommendation is based on exercise data in adults. We assessed the association of peak VO2<50% predicted during HT evaluation with freedom from death or deterioration in children. Methods and Results—We analyzed all children who underwent exercise testing during HT evaluation at our center between 2002 and 2011. Patients with peak VO2<50% predicted were compared with those with peak VO2≥50% predicted for the composite outcome of death before HT, initiation of mechanical circulatory support, and HT at highest urgency status, using time-to-event analyses. There were 50 children in the study (median age, 15 years; interquartile range, 13–17 years; 24 girls; 18 with palliated single ventricle). Overall, 24 children reached the composite end point. Peak VO2<50% predicted was associated with outcome in children with biventricular circulation (hazard ratio, 4.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.8–12.3; P<0.001) but not in those with a palliated single ventricle (hazard ratio, 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.1–12.0; P=0.80). Similarly, VE/VCO2 slope ≥34 was associated with outcome in children with biventricular circulation (hazard ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–7.1; P<0.001) but not in children with a palliated single ventricle. Conclusions—Exercise testing during HT evaluation in children with biventricular circulation identified those at higher risk of death or deterioration in this small study. Larger studies are needed to assess the role of exercise testing during HT evaluation in children with a palliated single ventricle.
The evolution-creation wars: why teaching more science just is not enough

The creation-evolution “controversy” has been with us for more than a century. Here I argue that merely teaching more science will probably not improve the situation; we need to understand the controversy as part of a broader problem with public acceptance of pseudoscience, and respond by teaching how science works as a method. Critical thinking is difficult to teach, but educators can rely on increasing evidence from neurobiology about how the brain learns, or fails to. LA DISCORDE EVOLUTION-CREATIONNISME : POURQUOI UN ENSEIGNEMENT ACCRU DES SCIENCES NE SUFFIT PAS RESUME. La « controverse » creation-evolution existe depuis plus d’un siecle. Je soutiens que le seul fait d’enseigner plus de sciences n’ameliorera probablement pas la situation : nous devons apprehender la controverse comme faisant partie d’un probleme plus vaste lie a la reception de la population vis-a-vis des pseudosciences et nous devons y repondre en enseignant le fonctionnement des sciences en tant que methode. La pensee critique est difficile a enseigner, mais les educateurs peuvent compter sur l’augmentation des preuves issues de la neurobiologie qui montrent comment le cerveau apprend ou echoue a apprendre. The “controversy” that does not go away The theory of evolution by natural selection (and other natural means) has been socially controversial ever since its elaboration by Darwin and Wallace (1858), and has gone through countless legal challenges, from the infamous Scopes “monkey” trial in Tennessee in 1925 to the recent decision against the teaching of Intelligent Design in Dover, PA (Caudill, 1997; Larson, 1997; Alters & Alters, 2001; Pigliucci, 2002; Forrest & Gross, 2004; Young & Edis, 2004; Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School Board, 2005). Of course, there is no scientific controversy at all. One of my colleagues teaches the difference between a cultural and a scientific controversy in the following manner. He enters the classroom bringing a pitcher full of water
Reactive NUMA: A Design For Unifying S-COMA And CC-NUMA

This paper proposes and evaluates a new approach to directory-based cache coherence protocols called Reactive NUMA (R-NUMA). An R-NUMA system combines a conventional CC-NUMA coherence protocol with a more-recent Simple-COMA (S-COMA) protocol. What makes R-NUMA novel is the way it dynamically reacts to program and system behavior to switch between CC-NUMA and S-COMA and exploit the best aspects of both protocols. This reactive behavior allows each node in an R-NUMA system to independently choose the best protocol for a particular page, thus providing much greater performance stability than either CC-NUMA or S-COMA alone. Our evaluation is both qualitative and quantitative. We first show the theoretical result that R-NUMA's worst-case performance is bounded within a small constant factor (i.e., two to three times) of the best of CC-NUMA and S-COMA. We then use detailed execution-driven simulation to show that, in practice, R-NUMA usually performs better than either a pure CC-NUMA or pure S-COMA protocol, and no more than 57% worse than the best of CC-NUMA and S-COMA, for our benchmarks and base system assumptions.
On the Leibniz bracket , the Schouten bracket and the Laplacian

The Leibniz bracket of an operator on a (graded) algebra is defined and some of its properties are studied. A basic theorem relating the Leibniz bracket of the commutator of two operators to the Leibniz bracket of them, is obtained. Under some natural conditions, the Leibniz bracket gives rise to a (graded) Lie algebra structure. In particular, those algebras generated by the Leibniz bracket of the divergence and the Laplacian operators on the exterior algebra are considered, and the expression of the Laplacian for the product of two functions is generalized for arbitrary exterior forms. PACS: 04.20. -q , 02.40. Hw
Thermal evaluation of different drive train topologies for electric/hybrid vehicles

The aim of this paper is to study the influence of the drive train topology on the temperature of the different components in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives applied to electric/hybrid vehicles. The temperature is a critical parameter because it is directly related to the lifetime and reliability of a device. This is particular important for PMSMs since it also influences the magnetic flux produced by the permanent magnets. Thus, in this paper two different drive train topologies applied to electric/hybrid vehicles are evaluated. The first one comprises a battery pack that directly supplies the inverter, and a PMSM. In the second topology, a step-up bidirectional dc-dc converter is connected between the batteries and the inverter dc supply. A variable voltage control is also applied in this topology to control the inverter supplying voltage. A detailed temperature analysis is presented in the format of three-dimension maps that allow to compare both topologies.
Flexible mechanisms underlie the evaluation of visual confidence

Visual processing is fraught with uncertainty: The visual system must attempt to estimate physical properties despite missing information and noisy mechanisms. Sometimes high visual uncertainty translates into lack of confidence in our visual perception: We are aware of not seeing well. The mechanism by which we achieve this awareness—how we assess our own visual uncertainty—is unknown, but its investigation is critical to our understanding of visual decision mechanisms. The simplest possibility is that the visual system relies on cues to uncertainty, stimulus features usually associated with visual uncertainty, like blurriness. Probabilistic models of the brain suggest a more sophisticated mechanism, in which visual uncertainty is explicitly represented as probability distributions. In two separate experiments, observers performed a visual discrimination task in which confidence could be determined by the cues available (contrast and crowding or eccentricity and masking) or by their actual performance, the latter requiring a more sophisticated mechanism than cue monitoring. Results show that observers’ confidence followed performance rather than cues, indicating that the mechanisms underlying the evaluation of visual confidence are relatively complex. This result supports probabilistic models, which imply the existence of sophisticated mechanisms for evaluating uncertainty.
Quad-Band Minimized Antenna Coexistence with Bluetooth for Mobile Application

This paper proposes a novel coexistence design for both quad-band GSM antenna and Bluetooth antenna. The quad-band antenna is loaded with high dielectric constant materials for minimizing the size. Part of Bluetooth antenna has been etched on the PCB board for space-consuming. More than 20dB isolation is obtained over all the four GSM bands as well as ISM band.