Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic synchronous behavior of Kuramoto type models with frustrations

We present a quantitative asymptotic behavior of coupled Kuramoto oscillators with frustrations and give some sufficient conditions for the parameters and initial condition leading to phase or frequency synchronization. We consider three Kuramoto-type models with frustrations. First, we study a general case with nonidentical oscillators; i.e., the natural frequencies are distributed. Second, as a special case, we study an ensemble of two groups of identical oscillators. For these mixture of two identical Kuramoto oscillator groups, we study the relaxation dynamics from the mixed stage to the phase-locked states via the segregation stage. Finally, we consider a Kuramoto-type model that was recently derived from the Van der Pol equations for two coupled oscillator systems in the work of Luck and Pikovsky [27]. In this case, we provide a framework in which the phase synchronization of each group is attained. Moreover, the constant frustration causes the two groups to segregate from each other, although they have the same natural frequency. We also provide several numerical simulations to confirm our analytical results.
A robust approach to extract biomedical events from literature

MOTIVATION The abundance of biomedical literature has attracted significant interest in novel methods to automatically extract biomedical relations from the literature. Until recently, most research was focused on extracting binary relations such as protein-protein interactions and drug-disease relations. However, these binary relations cannot fully represent the original biomedical data. Therefore, there is a need for methods that can extract fine-grained and complex relations known as biomedical events. RESULTS In this article we propose a novel method to extract biomedical events from text. Our method consists of two phases. In the first phase, training data are mapped into structured representations. Based on that, templates are used to extract rules automatically. In the second phase, extraction methods are developed to process the obtained rules. When evaluated against the Genia event extraction abstract and full-text test datasets (Task 1), we obtain results with F-scores of 52.34 and 53.34, respectively, which are comparable to the state-of-the-art systems. Furthermore, our system achieves superior performance in terms of computational efficiency. AVAILABILITY Our source code is available for academic use at http://dl.dropbox. com/u/10256952/BioEvent.zip.
How Well Do Individuals Predict the Selling Prices of Their Homes?

Self-reported home values are widely used as a measure of housing wealth by researchers employing a variety of data sets and studying a number of different individual and household level decisions. The accuracy of this measure is an open empirical question, and requires some type of market assessment of the values reported. In this research, we study the predictive power of self-reported housing wealth when estimating sales prices utilizing the Health and Retirement Study. We find that homeowners, on average, overestimate the value of their properties by between 5% and 10%. More importantly, we are the first to document a strong correlation between accuracy and the economic conditions at the time of the purchase of the property (measured by the prevalent interest rate, the growth of household income, and the growth of median housing prices). While most individuals overestimate the value of their properties, those who bought during more difficult economic times tend to be more accurate, and in some cases even underestimate the value of their house. These results establish a surprisingly strong, likely permanent, and in many cases long-lived, effect of the initial conditions surrounding the purchases of properties, on how individuals value them. This cyclicality of the overestimation of house prices can provide some explanations for the difficulties currently faced by many homeowners, who were expecting large appreciations in home value to rescue them in case of increases in interest rates which could jeopardize their ability to live up to their financial commitments.
Pathogenic viruses of the respiratory tract – A review

*Corresponding author: Dr. Md. Shahidul Kabir, Professor, Director, Department of Microbiology, Institutional Quality Assurance Cell (IQAC), 44 Satmosjid Road, Dhanmondi, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh. Tel: +8801949622783 E-mail: kabir@stamforduniversity.edu. bd The journal implements double-blind peer review practiced by specially invited international editorial board members.
Optimality in Motor Control Thesis Proposal

PCT No. PCT/DE82/00076 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 27, 1983 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 27, 1983 PCT Filed Apr. 1, 1982 PCT Pub. No. WO83/00193 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 20, 1983.An apparatus is proposed for generating a signal train dependent on rotary speed from the periodic voltage of an inductive transducer arrangement, especially for controlling ignition systems in internal combustion engines. The transducer voltage is delivered to a threshold stage. In order to reduce an inherent systematic error, means are provided which shift the transducer voltage, before it is supplied to the threshold stage, in accordance with amplitude in such a manner that the switching point of the threshold stage is invariant for a given rotary angle.
A sliding mode control measure based multiple output feedback technical for discrete system with time-delays

In this note, a measure that the original discrete uncertain system with time-delays is simplified to a discrete uncertain system without time-delays is introduced, and the lacks of usual measures are given, then a new reaching law is designed and an algorithm using the reaching law and multiple output feedback technical is presented for the discrete system; It is shown that the system trajectory using new control law not only can decreasingly approach to zero for certain system but also the control law of uncertain system based on the new algorithm is more simple than using the usual measure. Effectiveness of the proposed control method is demonstrated by simulation.
Acetylcholinesterase Involvement in Apoptosis

To date, more than 40 different types of cells from primary cultures or cell lines have shown AChE expression during apoptosis and after the induction apoptosis by different stimuli. It has been well-established that increased AChE expression or activity is detected in apoptotic cells after apoptotic stimuli in vitro and in vivo, and AChE could be therefore used as a marker of apoptosis. AChE is not an apoptosis initiator, but the cells in which AChE is overexpressed undergo apoptosis more easily than controls. Interestingly, cells with downregulated levels of AChE are not sensitive to apoptosis induction and AChE deficiency can protect against apoptosis. Some tumor cells do not express AChE, but when AChE is introduced into a tumor cell, the cells cease to proliferate and undergo apoptosis more readily. Therefore, AChE can be classified as a tumor suppressor gene. AChE plays a pivotal role in apoptosome formation, and silencing of the AChE gene prevents caspase-9 activation, with consequent decreased cell viability, nuclear condensation, and poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase cleavage. AChE is translocated into the nucleus, which may be an important event during apoptosis. Several questions still need to be addressed, and further studies that address the non-classical function of AChE in apoptosis are needed.
Fusion of SIFT and hue moments features for cloning tamper detection

Image tamper detection is a new branch of digital forensics. Image tamper detection is having two approaches that are active and passive approach. In active approach we have pre-embedded knowledge of an image but passive approach we do not have that. Hence passive approach is more challenging as compared to active approach. The passive approach is categorized into image splicing, image re-touching and cloning. Again cloning tampered detection is divided into key-point based and block-based depends on pixel level and block level feature extraction respectively. But, there are some drawbacks in these techniques. We can elevate these drawbacks by combining global and local features of block-based and key-point based respectively. This paper shows that fusion of these approaches gives effective results in less time as compared to traditional approach.
EMMA, a cost‐ and time‐effective diagnostic method for simultaneous detection of point mutations and large‐scale genomic rearrangements: application to BRCA1 and BRCA2 in 1,525 patients

The detection of unknown mutations remains a serious challenge and, despite the expected benefits for the patient's health, a large number of genes are not screened on a routine basis. We present the diagnostic application of EMMA (Enhanced Mismatch Mutation Analysis®, Fluigent, Paris, France), a novel method based on heteroduplex analysis by capillary electrophoresis using innovative matrices. BRCA1 and BRCA2 were screened for point mutations and large rearrangements in 1,525 unrelated patients (372 for the validation step and 1,153 in routine diagnosis) using a single analytical condition. Seven working days were needed for complete BRCA1/2 screening in 30 patients by one technician (excluding DNA extraction and sequencing). A total of 137 mutations were found, including a BRCA2 duplication of exons 19 and 20, previously missed by Comprehensive BRACAnalysis®. The mutation detection rate was 11.9%, which is consistent with patient inclusions. This study therefore suggests that EMMA represents a valuable short‐term and midterm option for many diagnostic laboratories looking for an easy, reliable, and affordable strategy, enabling fast and sensitive analysis for a large number of genes. Hum Mutat 32:1–10, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of Aortic Stiffness Attenuation on Survival of Patients in End-Stage Renal Failure

Background —Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a predictor of mortality in patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRF). The PWV is partly dependent on blood pressure (BP), and a decrease in BP can attenuate the stiffness. Whether the changes in PWV in response to decreases in BP can predict mortality in ESRF patients has never been investigated. Methods and Results —One hundred fifty ESRF patients (aged 52±16 years) were monitored for 51±38 months. From entry until the end of follow-up, the changes of PWV in response to decreased BP were measured ultrasonographically. BP was controlled by adjustment of “dry weight” and, when necessary, with ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and/or &bgr;-blockers, in combination if necessary. Fifty-nine deaths occurred, including 40 cardiovascular and 19 noncardiovascular events. Cox analyses demonstrated that independent of BP changes, the predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were as follows: absence of PWV decrease in response to BP decrease, increased left ventricular mass, age, and preexisting cardiovascular disease. Survival was positively associated with ACE inhibitor use. After adjustment for all confounding factors, the risk ratio for the absence of PWV decrease was 2.59 (95% CI 1.51 to 4.43) for all-cause mortality and 2.35 (95% CI 1.23 to 4.41) for cardiovascular mortality. The risk ratio for ACE inhibitor use was 0.19 (95% CI 0.14 to 0.43) for all-cause mortality and 0.18 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.55) for cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions —These results indicate that in ESRF patients, the insensitivity of PWV to decreased BP is an independent predictor of mortality and that use of ACE inhibitors has a favorable effect on survival that is independent of BP changes.
Gravity anomalies without geomagnetic disturbances interfere with pigeon homing – a GPS tracking study

The gravity vector theory postulates that birds determine their position to set a home course by comparing the memorized gravity vector at the home loft with the local gravity vector at the release site, and that they should adjust their flight course to the gravity anomalies encountered. As gravity anomalies are often intermingled with geomagnetic anomalies, we released experienced pigeons from the center of a strong circular gravity anomaly (25 km diameter) not associated with magnetic anomalies and from a geophysical control site, equidistant from the home loft (91 km). After crossing the border zone of the anomaly – expected to be most critical for pigeon navigation – they dispersed significantly more than control birds, except for those having met a gravity anomaly en route. These data increase the credibility of the gravity vector hypothesis.
Regression Testing: A Spectrum-based Approach

Regression testing involves re-run of all test suite or selective run of a sub-set of existing test cases on the modified version of program to reveal the regression faults due to changes in code and use of these non obsolete test cases from pre-existing test suite to explore and eradicate regression faults. This paper addresses the fundamental limitations of conventional regression testing approach and presents a spectrum-based fault localization strategy by which the stated limitations are resolved in effective manner. Spectrum-based fault localization strategy utilizes various program spectra to identify the behavioral differences between old and new version of the program under test. This comparison is also useful in pinpointing the cause of failures or errors and presence of difference in program spectra may indicate those test cases for which the construction of expected output or oracle or specification is not needed. The present approach can identify and localize the faults effectively and also identify those test cases from pre-existing test suite available for existing program that exercise the changed behavior of the modified code. Further the developer can easily identify whether the differences recorded in modified version of code is due to regression faults or due to changes made in the code.
Equivalence-based Security for Querying Encrypted Databases: Theory and Application to Privacy Policy Audits

To reduce costs, organizations may outsource data storage and data processing to third-party clouds. This raises confidentiality concerns, since the outsourced data may have sensitive information. Although semantically secure encryption of the data prior to outsourcing alleviates these concerns, it also renders the outsourced data useless for any relational processing. Motivated by this problem, we present two database encryption schemes that reveal just enough information about structured data to support a wide-range of relational queries. Our main contribution is a definition and proof of security for the two schemes. This definition captures confidentiality offered by the schemes using a novel notion of equivalence of databases from the adversary's perspective. As a specific application, we adapt an existing algorithm for finding violations of a rich class of privacy policies to run on logs encrypted under our schemes and observe low to moderate overheads.
Genetic Complementation in Female (BXSB × NZW)F2 Mice 1

F1 hybrids among New Zealand Black (NZB), New Zealand White (NZW), and BXSB lupus-prone strains develop accelerated autoimmunity in both sexes regardless of the specific combination. To identify BXSB susceptibility loci in the absence of the Y chromosome accelerator of autoimmunity (Yaa) and to study the genetics of this complementation, genome-wide quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was performed on female (BXSB × NZW)F2 mice. Six QTL were identified on chromosomes 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 17. Survival mapped to chromosomes 5 and 17, anti-chromatin Ab to chromosomes 4 and 17, glomerulonephritis to chromosomes 6 and 17, and splenomegaly to chromosomes 1, 7, and 17. QTL on chromosomes 4 and 6 were new and designated as Lxw1 and -2, respectively. Two non-MHC QTL (chromosomes 1 and 4) were inherited from the BXSB and the rest were NZW-derived, including two similar to previously defined loci. Only two of 11 previously defined non-MHC BXSB QTL using male (Yaa+) crosses were implicated, suggesting that some male-defined BXSB QTL may require coexpression of the Yaa. Findings from this and other studies indicate that BXSB and NZB backgrounds contribute completely different sets of genes to complement NZW mice. Identification of susceptibility genes and complementing genes in several lupus-prone strain combinations will be important for defining the epistatic effects and background influences on the heterogeneous genetic factors responsible for lupus induction.
Influence of Olfactory Innervation on Neurogenesis in the Developing Olfactory Bulb of the Frog, Xenopus laevis a

ABSTRACT: Previous research on development of the Xenopus olfactory bulb from our laboratory has shown that mitral cells begin to differentiate after olfactory axons make contact with the olfactory bulb, and the number of olfactory axons is correlated with the number of mitral cells throughout development. In embryos, removal of all afferent innervation before the mitral cells begin to differentiate results in a failure of the bulb to form; removal of half the olfactory axons, results in development of half the normal number of mitral cells. At larval stages, transection of the olfactory nerve results in a decrease in the number of neurons in the olfactory bulb. Thus, the olfactory axons play a major role in stimulating or maintaining development of the olfactory bulb neurons. Since we have found that neurogenesis in the bulb continues through metamorphosis, the goal of the current study was to determine whether olfactory axons influence cell genesis and/or neuronal maturation in the larval olfactory bulb. To study cell genesis, we cut the olfactory nerves, and 6 days later, injected the animals with [3H]thymidine. After 6 hr, the animals were killed and the tissue was processed for autoradiography. The number of labeled cells in the ventricular zone of the olfactory bulb was determined in every fifth section through the bulb in control and experimental animals. There was no statistical difference (Mann‐Whitney rank sum test) in the number of labeled ventricular cells between controls and experimentals. Thus, olfactory axon innervation does not appear to play a role in precursor cell division during larval development. To study the influence of olfactory axon innervation on the ability of newly generated neurons to mature, we followed the same procedures. However, the animals were killed 21 days after the [3H]thymidine injection. The results from this experiment showed that there are many fewer labeled mitral cells in the experimental animals at 21 days. Together these results suggest that sensory deafferentation influences mitral cell differentiation or survival even during late stages of larval development.
Location of Prorenin Receptors in Primate Substantia Nigra: Effects on Dopaminergic Cell Death

Angiotensin II acts via angiotensin type 1 receptors and is a major inducer of inflammation and oxidative stress. Local renin-angiotensin systems play a major role in the development of age-related disorders in several tissues. These processes are delayed, but not totally abolished, by blockade of angiotensin signaling. A specific receptor for renin and its precursor prorenin has recently been identified. We previously showed that neurotoxin-induced dopaminergic (DA) cell loss is decreased by inhibition of angiotensin receptors, but the location and functional effects of prorenin receptor (PRR) in the brain, including theDA system, are unknown. In the substantia nigra of Macaca fascicularis and in rat primary mesencephalic cultures, double immunofluorescence analysis revealed PRR immunoreactivity in neurons (including DA neurons) and microglia, but not in astrocytes. Administration of the PRR blocker, handle region peptide, led to a significant decrease in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced DA cell death in the cultures,whereas administration of renin with simultaneous blockade ofangiotensin receptors led to an increase in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced cell death. These results suggest that active agent angiotensin II-independent PRR intracellular signaling may contribute to exacerbation of DA cell death in vivo. Therefore, potential neuroprotective strategies for DA neurons in Parkinson disease should address both angiotensin and PRR signaling.
The psychometric property and validation of a fatalism scale

In this article, we conceptualised fatalism as a set of health beliefs that encompass the dimensions of predetermination, luck and pessimism. A 20-item scale was developed as a measurement instrument. Confirmatory factor analyses were performed to test the dimensionality of the scale. Three external variables (i.e. genetic determinism, perceived benefits of lifestyle change and intention to engage in healthy behaviour) were used as reference variables to test the construct validity of the scale. Data from a web-based national survey (N = 1218) showed that the scale was unidimensional on the second order, and with good reliability (α = 0.88). The relationships between the external variables and the first- and second-order factors provided evidence of the scale's external consistency and construct validity.
Investigation of Antibacterial Activity on Cotton Fabrics with Cold Plasma in the Presence of a Magnetic Field

It has been recognized that microorganisms, can thrive on a textile substrate. Natural fibers such as cotton are more susceptible than synthetics because their porous hydrophilic structure retains water, oxygen, and nutrients, providing a perfect environment for bacterial growth. A variety of antibacterial finishes have now been developed for application to textiles. Earlier efforts were based on insolubilization of inorganic compounds, like copper and other organometallic salts. Copper sterilization capabilities prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and germs. Low temperature plasma (LTP) is a useful technique for surface modification of polymers and textile fabrics in dry systems. In this study, we have used a DC magnetron sputtering system for creating antibacterial properties on cotton fabrics. A copper anode and cathode were used, and samples were placed on the anode. The cathode particles were scattered by attacking active ions, radicals, and electrons. Copper particles were deposited on the surface of cotton samples, and the antibacterial has been developed, through incorporation of copper particles on fabric surfaces. The antibacterial properties of the fabrics were connected with the presence of copper on their surface. After plasma treatment, the physical and chemical properties of the fabrics were examined by surface analysis methods and textile technology tests. Also the antibacterial efficiency was determined by the Halo method. The experimental work suggests that the change in properties induced by LTP can effect an improvement in certain textile products.
ENGAGE: Early Insights in Measuring Multi-Device Engagements

Users are increasingly accessing content through a complex device eco-system involving both public and private screens. Traditional research into display eco-systems has focused on developing new multi-screen applications and on techniques for understanding how interactions and activities such as shopping flow across screens and devices. There has been relatively little research into the more fundamental question of how users actually engage with multiple screens and in particular how levels of engagement can be systematically monitored. In this paper we describe our early experiences with ENGAGE -- a toolkit designed to help researchers explore user engagement across multiple devices.