Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Cell Surface Proteome of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Background Multipotent human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are considered as promising biological tools for regenerative medicine. Their antibody-based isolation relies on the identification of reliable cell surface markers. Methodology/Principal Findings To obtain a comprehensive view of the cell surface proteome of bone marrow-derived hMSCs, we have developed an analytical pipeline relying on cell surface biotinylation of intact cells using cell impermeable, cleavable sulfo-NHS-SS-biotin to enrich the plasma membrane proteins and mass spectrometry for identification with extremely high confidence. Among the 888 proteins identified, we found ≈200 bona fide plasma membrane proteins including 33 cell adhesion molecules and 26 signaling receptors. In total 41 CD markers including 5 novel ones (CD97, CD112, CD239, CD276, and CD316) were identified. The CD markers are distributed homogenously within plastic-adherent hMSC populations and their expression is modulated during the process of adipogenesis or osteogenesis. Moreover, our in silico analysis revealed a significant difference between the cell surface proteome of hMSCs and that of human embryonic stem cells reported previously. Conclusions/Significance Collectively, our analytical methods not only provide a basis for further studies of mechanisms maintaining the multipotency of hMSCs within their niches and triggering their differentiation after signaling, but also a toolbox for a refined antibody-based identification of hMSC populations from different tissues and their isolation for therapeutic intervention.
Políticas públicas no Nordeste do Brasil: a produção de enclaves e de desigualdades socioespaciais

O trabalho trata das politicas publicas no Nordeste do Brasil e sua relacao com a producao de enclaves e de desigualdades socioespaciais no contexto regional. A politica publica e relevante por ser um dos instrumentos importantes para o ordenamento territorial. Baseia-se nas criticas aos enfoques espacialistas que atribuem uma autonomia propria a regiao, tanto no nivel da pratica quanto do planejamento, e afirmam que o criterio alternativo e unico para explicar os fenomenos espaciais considerando-os como manifestacoes do modelo e das necessidades nacionais e internacionais de acumulacao de capital em diferentes conjunturas. Pensar o Nordeste e as politicas publicas requer considera-lo a partir de sua insercao no sistema de acumulacao, enquanto regiao periferica, buscando compreender os resultados dessa insercao no territorio e na sociedade. Palavras-chave : Nordeste. Politicas Publicas. Desigualdades Socioespaciais. Estado http://dx.doi. org/10.17127/got/2015.8. 002 Data de submissao: 2015-07-31 Data de aprovacao: 2015-12-04 Data de publicacao: 2015-12-30
History of acoustic beamforming

The development of the beamforming method (also called microphone antenna, phased array of microphones, acoustic telescope, or acoustic camera) is reviewed in this paper. The microphone antenna was invented by Billingsley (1974) and has since seen dramatic improvements due to the availability of better data acquisition and computing hardware. Recent mathematical and software developments invert the beamforming process and allow a quantitative determination of the sources. Beamforming is indispensable for the localization of sound sources on moving objects, on flying aircraft, on high-speed trains, on motor cars in motion, on open rotors like helicopter and wind turbine rotors. In these applications, the ability to follow the motion of the sources is important. The second important applications are source localization tests in the test sections of open and closed wind tunnels. The background noise suppression capability of the beamforming method is required here. The various applications are discussed with a long list of references. 1 Berlin Beamforming Conference
Natural Selection on Functional Modules, a Genome-Wide Analysis

Classically, the functional consequences of natural selection over genomes have been analyzed as the compound effects of individual genes. The current paradigm for large-scale analysis of adaptation is based on the observed significant deviations of rates of individual genes from neutral evolutionary expectation. This approach, which assumed independence among genes, has not been able to identify biological functions significantly enriched in positively selected genes in individual species. Alternatively, pooling related species has enhanced the search for signatures of selection. However, grouping signatures does not allow testing for adaptive differences between species. Here we introduce the Gene-Set Selection Analysis (GSSA), a new genome-wide approach to test for evidences of natural selection on functional modules. GSSA is able to detect lineage specific evolutionary rate changes in a notable number of functional modules. For example, in nine mammal and Drosophilae genomes GSSA identifies hundreds of functional modules with significant associations to high and low rates of evolution. Many of the detected functional modules with high evolutionary rates have been previously identified as biological functions under positive selection. Notably, GSSA identifies conserved functional modules with many positively selected genes, which questions whether they are exclusively selected for fitting genomes to environmental changes. Our results agree with previous studies suggesting that adaptation requires positive selection, but not every mutation under positive selection contributes to the adaptive dynamical process of the evolution of species.
Projects, paths, and practices: sustaining and leveraging project-based relationships

In this article, we examine how project entrepreneurs maintain and leverage long-term project-based relationships in highly uncertain and volatile project businesses with clients and key service providers across ever changing collaborative contexts. Based on a thorough analysis of TV project networks, using both quantitative and qualitative data, we find that project entrepreneurs form core teams with particular clients and service providers, and establish sequences of related projects thereby forming collaborative paths. These paths allow partners to exploit and stretch existing, and explore new capabilities and partner resources across time and contexts of collaboration. Paths are promoted by connecting practices partners apply to establish task and team linkages between past, present and potential future projects. Our findings promote a more processual understanding of project-based organizing and learning, and tie formation and maintenance in dynamic industry contexts.
Foliations and the topology of 3-manifolds

In this announcement we discuss the close relationship between the topology of 3-manifolds and the foliations that is possesses. We will introduce and state the main result, then use it and the ideas of its proof to state some geometric and topological corollaries. Details to almost all the results can be found in [G4]. Given a compact, connected, oriented 3-manifold, when does there exist a codimension-1 transversely oriented foliation 7 which is transverse to dM and has no Reeb components? If such an 7 exists dM necessarily is a (possibly empty) union of tori and M is either SxS (and 7 is the product foliation) or irreducible. The first condition follows by Euler characteristic reasons while the latter basically follows from the work of Reeb [Re] and Novikov [N] although first observed by Rosenberg [Ro]. Our main result says that such conditions are sufficient when Ü2(M, dM) # 0. If such a foliation 7 exists on M then it follows from the work of Thurston [Ti] that any compact leaf L is a Thurston norm minimizing surface [i.e., \x{L')\ < IxCni for any properly embedded T with [T] = [L] G H2{M, dM) (or H2{M) if we were discussing the norm on H2(M)), where S' denotes ^-(sphere and disc components)] for the class [L] G Ü2(M1dM). Our main result says that for a 3-manifold M satisfying the above necessary conditions any norm minimizing surface can be realized as a compact leaf of a foliation without Reeb components.
Draft Genome Sequence of Exiguobacterium sp. KKBO11, Isolated Downstream of a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Houston, Texas

ABSTRACT Exiguobacterium sp. KKBO11, isolated near a wastewater treatment plant in Houston, Texas, USA, possesses a large number of genes involved in stress response and transport critical to survival in adverse environmental conditions. An unusually high copy number of RNA genes also possibly contributes to this microorganism's versatility by promoting nutrient uptake.
Validation of the Diet Quality Index for Adolescents by comparison with biomarkers, nutrient and food intakes: the HELENA study

Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) aim to address the nutritional requirements at population level in order to prevent diseases and promote a healthy lifestyle. Diet quality indices can be used to assess the compliance with these FBDG. The present study aimed to investigate whether the newly developed Diet Quality Index for Adolescents (DQI-A) is a good surrogate measure for adherence to FBDG, and whether adherence to these FBDG effectively leads to better nutrient intakes and nutritional biomarkers in adolescents. Participants included 1804 European adolescents who were recruited in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) Study. Dietary intake was assessed by two, non-consecutive 24 h recalls. A DQI-A score, considering the components' dietary quality, diversity and equilibrium, was calculated. Associations between the DQI-A and food and nutrient intakes and blood concentration biomarkers were investigated using multilevel regression analysis corrected for centre, age and sex. DQI-A scores were associated with food intake in the expected direction: positive associations with nutrient-dense food items, such as fruits and vegetables, and inverse associations with energy-dense and low-nutritious foods. On the nutrient level, the DQI-A was positively related to the intake of water, fibre and most minerals and vitamins. No association was found between the DQI-A and total fat intake. Furthermore, a positive association was observed with 25-hydroxyvitamin D, holo-transcobalamin and n-3 fatty acid serum levels. The present study has shown good validity of the DQI-A by confirming the expected associations with food and nutrient intakes and some biomarkers in blood.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF) Stimulates RANKL-induced Osteoclastogenesis via Coupling of TNF Type 1 Receptor and RANK Signaling Pathways*

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) and the ligand for receptor activator of NF-κB (RANKL) are abundant in sites of inflammatory bone erosion. Because these cytokines are potent osteoclastogenic factors and because their signaling pathways are considerably overlapping, we postulated that under pro-inflammatory conditions RANKL and TNF might synergistically orchestrate enhanced osteoclastogenesis via cooperative mechanisms. We found TNF, via TNF type 1 receptor (TNFr1), prompts robust osteoclastogenesis by osteoclast precursors pretreated with RANKL, and deletion of TNFr1 abrogates this response. Enhanced osteoclastogenesis is associated with high expression of otherwise TNF and RANKL-induced mediators, including c-Src, TRAF2, TRAF6, and MEKK-1, levels of which were notably reduced in TNFr1 knockouts. Recruitment of TRAFs and MEKK1 leads to activation of downstream pathways, primarily IκB/NF-κB, ERKs, and cJun/AP-1. Consistent with impaired osteoclastogenesis and reduced expression of TRAFs and MEKK1, we found that phosphorylation and activation of IκB, NF-κB, ERKs, and cJun/AP-1 are severely reduced in RANKL-treated TNFr1-null osteoclast precursors compared with wild type counterparts. Finally, we found that TNF and RANKL synergistically up-regulate RANK expression in wild type precursors, whereas basal and stimulated levels of RANK are significantly lower in TNFr1 knockout cells. Our data suggest that exuberant TNF-induced osteoclastogensis is the result of coupling between RANK and TNFr1 and is dependent upon signals transmitted by the latter receptor.
Using polynomial reductions to test the suitability of metaheuristics for solving NP-complete problems

We present a method to compare the suitability of evolutionary computation metaheuristics for solving different NP-complete problems. Instead of checking the performance of each metaheuristic for each problem by using a specific benchmark of that problem, polynomial reductions are used to transform instances of a problem into the other. In this way, we avoid assessing each metaheuristic in terms of incomparable benchmarks. Several pairs of NP-complete problems are compared. For each pair, the impact of the difficulty of the polynomial reduction on the capability of an evolutionary method (in particular, genetic algorithms) to achieve a similar performance for both problems is studied.
Phosphor Deposits of β-Sialon:Eu2+ Mixed with SnO2 Nanoparticles Fabricated by the Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) Process

The phosphor deposits of the β-sialon:Eu2+ mixed with various amounts (0–1 g) of the SnO2 nanoparticles were fabricated by the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process. The mixed SnO2 nanoparticles was observed to cover onto the particle surfaces of the β-sialon:Eu2+ as well as fill in the voids among the phosphor particles. The external and internal quantum efficiencies (QEs) of the prepared deposits were found to be dependent on the mixing amount of the SnO2: by comparing with the deposit without any mixing (48% internal and 38% external QEs), after mixing the SnO2 nanoparticles, the both QEs were improved to 55% internal and 43% external QEs at small mixing amount (0.05 g); whereas, with increasing the mixing amount to 0.1 and 1 g, they were reduced to 36% and 29% for the 0.1 g addition and 15% and 12% l QEs for the 1 g addition. More interestingly, tunable color appearances of the deposits prepared by the EPD process were achieved, from yellow green to blue, by varying the addition amount of the SnO2, enabling it as an alternative technique instead of altering the voltage and depositing time for the color appearance controllability.
Coping with Permanent Austerity: Welfare State Restructuring in Affluent Democracies

Paul Pierson : Die Umstrukturierung der Sozialversicherung der fortschrittlichen Gesellschaften in Zeiten der Budgetdisziplin. ; ; Die fortschrittlichen Industriegesellschaften sind immer grosserem Druck zur Reform ihrer Sozialversicherungssysteme ausgesetzt, obwohl die Sozialprogramme allgemein eine grosse politische Unterstutzung finden. Reformpolitiken mussen einerseits die Widerstandsfahigkeit der Sozialeinrichtungen, andererseits die permanente Ausgabendisziplin des Umfeldes berucksichtigen und richten daher allgemein ihre Bemuhungen auf die Erstellung von weitgreifenden Koalitionen aus, mit dem Zweck, den ausgereiften Wohlfahrtsstaat zwar nicht auseinanderzunehmen, sondern ihn eher umzubtrukturieren. Zum Verstandnis der Reformdynamik mussen zunachst die Dimensionen genau unterschieden werden, die der Reform zugrundeliegen und daruber hinaus die spezifibchen institutionellen und politischen Vereinbarungen berucksichtigt werden, die in jedem der Sozialschutzregime vorhanden sind, ob sie liberal, konservativ, korporativ oder sozialdemokratisch sind sondern ihn eher umzubtrukturieren. Zum Verstandnis der Reformdynamik mussen zunachst die Dimensionen genau unterschieden werden, die der Reform zugrundeliegen und daruber hinaus die spezifibchen institutionellen und politischen Vereinbarungen berucksichtigt werden, die in jedem der Sozialschutzregime vorhanden sind, ob sie liberal, konservativ, korporativ oder sozialdemokratisch sind
Failure and Rescue in an Interbank Network

This paper is concerned with systemic risk in an interbank market, modelled as a directed graph of interbank obligations. This builds on the modelling paradigm of Eisenberg and Noe [Eisenberg L, Noe TH 2001 Systemic risk in financial systems. Management Sci. 472:236--249] by introducing costs of default if loans have to be called in by a failing bank. This immediately introduces novel and realistic effects. We find that, in general, many different clearing vectors can arise, among which there is a greatest clearing vector, arrived at by letting banks fail in succession until only solvent banks remain. Such a collapse should be prevented if at all possible. We then study situations in which consortia of banks may have the means and incentives to rescue failing banks. This again departs from the conclusions of the earlier work of Eisenberg and Noe, where in the absence of default losses there would be no incentive for solvent banks to rescue failing banks. We conclude with some remarks about how a rescue consortium might be constructed. This paper was accepted by Wei Xiong, finance.
The use of integral adaptation principle to increase the reliability of “DFIG — Wind turbine” power system

The synergetic control theory (SCT) is a fundamentally new approach in a modern nonlinear control theory. This theory is based on providing stability of object motion by means of relevant design of nonlinear laws of robust and adaptive control ensuring achievements of a control aims as well as suppression of the worst disturbances. The main purpose of this work is developing of nonlinear robust control law design procedure for power system consists of the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) and wind turbine. These laws built in accordance with the SCT's principle of integral adaptation. The derived synergetic laws provide system reposition from an arbitrary initial state in allowed value area to the final state, characterized by the desired reactive power and optimal rotor speed value, and compensation of external piecewise constant disturbance acting on power system. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained nonlinear robust control laws they are compared with traditional PI-controls. This comparison shows that with similar characteristics of transient dynamics the traditional laws does not provide the desired value of reactive power and they are efficient in the less range of wind speeds.
Derivation of a formula for the probability of false alarm for the FFT filter bank-based J-out-of-L CFAR detector

A formula is derived for the probability of false alarm (P/sub fa/) for the FFT filter bank-based J-out-of-L CFAR detector for AWGN channels when the input data is overlapped. Practical approximations for P/sub fa/ are then deduced. These approximations are valid when the overlap ratio, /spl gamma/ > 0, does not exceed 1/4 . For the Blackmail and Blackman-Harris windows, when 1/4 /spl les/ /spl gamma/ /spl les/ 1/2 , these approximations still hold. The validity of these approximations has been confirmed by simulation experiments. In addition, results showing the performance improvement that can be obtained from data overlapping for a given observation time are also given.
An FPGA-Based Multiple-Axis Motion Control Chip

This paper presents the design and implementation of a multiple-axis motion control chip using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). This multiple-axis motion control chip is designed to control a multiple-axis motion system such as a robotic arm manipulator or a computer numerical control machine. The proposed motion control chip has many functions. These include velocity profile generation, interpolation calculation, inverse kinematics calculation, proportional-integral-derivative control, feedback count, pulse integration, data conversion, clock generation, and external interfacing. These functions are designed using the VHSIC hardware description language and implemented on an FPGA according to the electronic design automation design methodology. This allows for a highly sampled, accurate, flexible, compact, low-power, and low-cost motion control system. The detailed design of the proposed motion control chip is presented. A multiple-axis motion control system using this chip is implemented, and its performance is measured. The multiple-axis motion control system is implemented on a platform consisting of a chip-based multiple-axis motion controller, analog ac servo drivers, a selective compliant assembly robot arm robot, and a host personal computer.
Computing isomorphisms and embeddings of finite fields

Let <i>q</i> be a prime power and let F<sub><i>q</i></sub> be a field with <i>q</i> elements. Let <i>f</i> and <i>g</i> be irreducible polynomials in F<sub><i>q</i></sub>[<i>X</i>], with deg <i>f</i> dividing deg <i>g. </i> Define <i>k</i> = F<sub><i>q</i></sub>[<i>X</i>]/<i>f</i> and <i>K</i> = F<sub><i>q</i></sub>[<i>X</i>]/<i>g</i>, then there is an embedding <i>φ</i> : <i>k</i> [EQUATION] <i>K</i>, unique up to F<sub><i>q</i></sub>-automorphisms of <i>k. </i> Our goal is to describe algorithms to efficiently represent and evaluate one such embedding.
Regulation of long-range planar cell polarity by Fat-Dachsous signaling

Fat (Ft) and Dachsous (Ds) are large cadherins that bind each other and have conserved roles in regulating planar cell polarity (PCP). We quantitatively analyzed Ft-Ds pathway mutant clones for their effects on ommatidial polarity in the Drosophila eye. Our findings suggest that the Ft-Ds pathway regulates PCP propagation independently of asymmetric cellular accumulation of Ft or Ds. We find that the Ft effector Atrophin has a position-specific role in regulating polarity in the eye, and that asymmetric accumulation of the atypical myosin Dachs is not essential for production and propagation of a long-range PCP signal. Our observations suggest that Ft and Ds interact to modulate a secondary signal that regulates long-range polarity, that signaling by the Ds intracellular domain is dependent on Ft, and that ommatidial fate specification is genetically separable from long-range signaling.
Fuel Cell Plant Concept with Dynamic Characteristics of a Rotating Generator

Fuel cell plants will be powering future electrical systems. Fuel cells normally generate direct current (DC) which must be converted into alternating current (AC) for transmission efficiency and for broader use by numerous loads of different characteristics. An AC load consists of real power and reactive power. The real power is generated by fuel cells. However, the reactive power must be created by other means. It is possible to create reactive power with DC/AC inverters where the inverter feeds AC to inductors and capacitors. Usually inverters have very little overload capability (1-2X for about a second). On the other hand, if a synchronous condenser is installed on the AC bus, then the AC system needs to draw only the real power through the inverter. The reactive power is supplied by the synchronous condenser. The synchronous condenser could be designed to provide several times its nominal rating during transient or short period of time. Need for such overload is created when motors are started or when lines containing transformers are energized. A synchronous condenser could be the source of leading or lagging reactive power to meet needs of AC loads. A synchronous condenser is a rotating synchronous machine that has inertia and could store energy in its rotating mass. This inertia could be used to store or withdraw energy while fuel cells are reacting to rapid load changes. A fuel cell system together with synchronous condensers could be made to behave as an AC rotating generator with inertia and to supply real and reactive power. This paper discusses an arrangement of such a system