Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Cloning and identification of deltamethrin-resistance or susceptibility associated genes of Culex pipiens pallens].

OBJECTIVE To obtain deltamethrin-resistance or susceptibility associated genes of Culex pipiens pallens. METHODS The differentially expressed genes were obtained by suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), and identified by cDNA microarray and reverse Northern blotting. RESULTS 523 and 286 clones were selected respectively in the two directional SSH. 155 and 42 genes were respectively expressed 2-3 and > 3 times higher in the insecticide-resistant strain than in the susceptible strain; 15 and 9 genes were respectively expressed 2-3 and > 3 times higher in the susceptible strain than in the resistant strain. There were 2 genes only expressed in the insecticide-resistant strain. 51 three times differentially expressed clones and 2 specially expressed clones were sequenced. 44 sequences were obtained which belong to 13 new genes. There were 8 over-expressed genes in resistant strain, 7 of which were similar respectively to mitochondrion rRNA gene, 60S ribosomal protein gene, 40S ribosomal protein S4 gene, trypsin gene, chymotrypsin A gene, ospin gene, and 16S ribosomal RNA gene. There were 5 over-expressed genes in susceptible strain, 2 of them being similar with 40S ribosomal protein S29 gene and myosin regulatory light chain 2 gene. In addition, 2 genes specially expressed in resistant strain were similar respectively to glycogen branching enzyme gene and ribosomal protein 46 gene. CONCLUSION The differentially expressed genes may be associated with deltamethrin-resistance or susceptibility of Culex pipiens pallens.
Distributed fixed‐time consensus tracking for high‐order uncertain non‐linear multi‐agent systems with switching topologies

This study investigates the distributed fixed-time consensus tracking for high-order uncertain non-linear multi-agent systems with switching topologies. Each follower is assumed to be in strict-feedback form with both unknown parameters and mismatched disturbances. Different from traditional centralised tracking control problem, only a subset of the agents can acquire the desired trajectory information. By adopting backstepping method and dynamic surface control technique, the distributed fixed-time consensus protocol and appropriate adaptive laws are designed without requiring knowledge of the upper bounds of disturbances. Moreover, the problem of `explosion of complexity' in standard backstepping design is avoided. Under the proposed control protocol, it is shown from the Lyapunov-based analysis that the tracking errors between all followers and the leader can converge to a small neighbourhood of the origin within a fixed time, even though the communication structures among agents dynamically change over time. Finally, a numerical example is carried out to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Effects of Leadership on Student Success through the Balanced Leadership Framework

Attempts have been made to identify behavior patterns peculiar to leadership by many institutions and organizations; also numerous studies have been conducted in this area. Of all these organizations, The Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium (ISLLC) identifies the definitive standards of school leadership. Examining these standards in detail, Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL) has developed new behavior patterns and focuses on student success related to school leadership; accordingly, in 1998 the Balanced Leadership Framework was suggested as a new leadership approach. In accordance with this framework, to know what to do is not generally considered sufficient to transform classes and schools. It is also significantly important for leaders to know why some actions are necessary, when they need to be applied, and how to apply them in classes and schools skillfully. Hence, the Balanced Leadership Framework has been developed to specify school leaders' own leadership behaviors and to benefit from the research aiming to establish effective school leaders. Thereby, McREL, after the meta-analysis, identifies 21 leadership responsibilities. In this study, after reviewing the literature, a qualitative analysis related to the 8 leadership responsibilities (Culture, Ideals and Beliefs, Communication, Visibility, Input, Relationships, Situational Awareness, Affirmation) that are necessary to form the Purposeful Community has been made. 15 teachers have been asked how leadership responsibilities affect student success and the results are discussed in this study. As a result, the effects of these 8 leadership responsibilities on student success have been clarified explicitly.
Phytophthora Genome Sequences Uncover Evolutionary Origins and Mechanisms of Pathogenesis

Draft genome sequences have been determined for the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae and the sudden oak death pathogen Phytophthora ramorum. Oömycetes such as these Phytophthora species share the kingdom Stramenopila with photosynthetic algae such as diatoms, and the presence of many Phytophthora genes of probable phototroph origin supports a photosynthetic ancestry for the stramenopiles. Comparison of the two species' genomes reveals a rapid expansion and diversification of many protein families associated with plant infection such as hydrolases, ABC transporters, protein toxins, proteinase inhibitors, and, in particular, a superfamily of 700 proteins with similarity to known oömycete avirulence genes.
Effect of high speed reclosing on fault induced delayed voltage recovery

This paper presents the effect on fault induced delayed voltage recovery (FIDVR) of high speed reclosing onto a fault. As most of the faults on the system are temporary or transient faults, auto-reclosing is widely used across the industry to reduce the outage time. However, if the voltage recovery following clearing of a fault is slow and if the fault is permanent in nature, auto-reclosing on to a fault could increase voltage recovery time significantly. This is especially true for the case where the fault cannot be cleared instantaneously. This is may be because the line does not have a pilot protection scheme or the pilot is out of service and the fault is located outside the zone 1 reach of the reclosing end breaker. This paper presents the simulation of this scenario on some of the 230kV lines around the metro Atlanta area. Finally, this paper also discusses a few solution options, if auto-reclosing onto a fault poses a threat of a FIDVR event.
Progress in Documentation: Database Systems

A survey of current work on database systems is presented. The area is divided into three main sectors: data models, data languages and support for database operations. Data models are presented as the link between the database and the real world. Languages range from formal algebraic languages to attempts to use a dialogue in English to formulate queries. The support includes hardware for content addressing, database machines and software techniques for optimizing and evaluating group expressions. Mathematical models are used to organize this support. Throughout there is a tutorial component and evaluation, which in both cases is related to the application of database ideas to documentation.
Low Frequency of Epstein Barr Virus Association and High Frequency of p53 Overexpression in an Argentinean Pediatric T-Cell Lymphoma Series

T-cell non–Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) represent 10% to 15% of all diagnosed lymphomas in Western countries. Various geographic frequencies of T-cell NHL have been documented, in part reflecting increased exposure to pathogenic factors such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Our aims were to assess EBV and p53 expression in Argentine pediatric T-cell lymphoma and to correlate them with patients' survival. Epstein-Barr encoded RNAs (EBERs) in situ hybridization and LMP1 and p53 immunohistochemical staining were performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lymph node biopsies from 25 pediatric T-lymphoma patients. In 17 of 25 samples good-quality DNA was obtained, and EBER polymerase chain reaction was assessed to confirm in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical results. Epstein-Barr virus expression was found in 8.0% of cases. p53-positive staining was distributed in 92% of pediatric cases. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that neither EBV nor p53 expression was statistically significantly associated with event-free survival. Our data showed a low frequency of EBV association with pediatric T-cell lymphoma. It seems that p53 plays an important role in proliferation in our studied population, since it is overexpressed in 92% of T-cell lymphoma cases.
Harmonic matching and reflecting amplifiers with 2nd and 3rd harmonic phase tuning

Efficiency of power amplifiers has been a major issue in the field of wireless transmitters and microwave power transmitters. Accordingly, many techniques for high efficiency have been proposed [1][2]. The use of class-F amplifiers has been considered to be one of the most effective approaches at microwave or higher frequencies. The drain efficiency is 100% for ideal class-F operation with an infinite number of harmonics in operating waveforms [2]. Such operation is realized with complete load conditions [3].
A Vibrational Circular Dichroism Microsampling Accessory: Mapping Enhanced Vibrational Circular Dichroism in Amyloid Fibril Films

We report the first vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) measurement of spatial heterogeneity in a sample using infrared (IR) microsampling. Vibrational circular dichroism spectra are typically measured using a standard IR cell with an IR beam diameter of 10 mm or greater making it impossible to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of a solid film sample. We have constructed a VCD sampling assembly with either 3 mm or 1 mm spatial resolution. An XY-translation stage was used to measure spectra at different spatial locations producing IR and VCD maps of the sample. In addition, a rotating sample stage was employed using a dual photoelastic modulator (PEM) setup to suppress artifacts due to linear birefringence in solid-phase or film samples. Infrared and VCD mapping of an insulin fibril film has been carried out at both 3 and 1 mm spatial resolution, and lysozyme films were mapped at 1 mm resolution. The IR spectra of different spots vary in intensity due primarily to sample thickness. The changes in the VCD intensity across the map largely correlate to corresponding changes in the IR map. Closer inspection of the insulin map revealed changes in the relative intensities of the VCD spectra not present in the parent IR spectra, which indicated differences in the degree of supramolecular chirality of the fibrils in the various spatial regions. For lysozyme films, in addition to different degrees of supramolecular chirality, reversal of the net fibril chirality was observed. The large signal-to-noise ratio observed at 1 mm resolution implies the feasibility of further increasing the spatial resolution by one or two orders of magnitude for protein fibril film samples.
Relationship between mental workload and musculoskeletal disorders among Alzahra Hospital nurses

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a serious problem among the nursing staff. Mental workload is the major cause of MSDs among nursing staff. The aim of this study was to investigate the mental workload dimensions and their association with MSDs among nurses of Alzahra Hospital, affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 247 randomly selected nurses who worked in the Alzahra Hospital in Isfahan, Iran in the summer of 2013. The Persian version of National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) (measuring mental load) specialized questionnaire and Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) was used for data collection. Data were collected and analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient tests in SPSS 20. Results: Pearson and Spearman correlation tests showed a significant association between the nurses’ MSDs and the dimensions of workload frustration, total workload, temporal demand, effort, and physical demand (r = 0.304, 0.277, 0.277, 0.216, and 0.211, respectively). However, there was no significant association between the nurses’ MSDs and the dimensions of workload performance and mental demand (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The nurses’ frustration had a direct correlation with MSDs. This shows that stress is an inseparable component in hospital workplace. Thus, reduction of stress in nursing workplace should be one of the main priorities of hospital managers.
Quantitation of cytomegalovirus DNA in cerebrospinal fluid and serum specimens from AIDS patients using a novel highly sensitive nested competitive PCR and the cobas amplicor CMV monitor™

A novel nested quantitative‐competitive polymerase chain reaction (nQC‐PCR) assay was developed to quantify as few as ten copies per tube of human cytomegalovirus DNA with an overall dynamic range of 10–105 copies per tube. This nQC‐PCR assay is based on co‐amplification of a mimic DNA and it was evaluated with 26 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens and 44 serum specimens from 70 CMV‐infected AIDS patients, 35 of them were diagnosed of CMV retinitis. An excellent correlation was found between nQC‐PCR assay and the commercially available Cobas Amplicor CMV Monitor™ (CACM) assay (R = 0.9999; P < 0.001; n = 42). Moreover, 13 serum samples with CMV viral loads undetectable with the CACM were successfully quantified by nQC‐PCR. CMV viral load was significantly higher in patients with CMV retinitis (P = 0.003). The nQC‐PCR assay described below is a very sensitive test for accurate quantitative detection of CMV DNA in different clinical specimens that avoids the need for high‐cost instrumentation. J. Med. Virol. 72:249–256, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intractable nonlesional epilepsy of temporal lobe origin

Article abstract –We performed a retrospective study of 53 consecutive “nonlesional” temporal lobectomy patients to assess the relative utility of MRI versus interictal single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in this patient population. We compared the seizure lateralizing properties of MRI and SPECT using multiple blinded expert reviewers for both SPECT and MRI with a test-retest reviewer paradigm and measurements of hippocampal volume from MRI. The criterion standard for seizure lateralization was satisfactory postoperative seizure control (n = 43). The rate of correct seizure lateralization was significantly greater for MRI than for SPECT (p ≤ 0.01), and the rate of incorrect lateralization was significantly less for MRI than for SPECT. The most accurate MRI measure was hippocampal volume measurements, which correctly lateralized the seizures in 86.0% of cases. The correct lateralization rate for SPECT was 45.4%. The MRI and SPECT studies tended to be noncomplementary with respect to seizure lateralization, and SPECT was likely to give an incorrect or indeterminate result in patients who were not lateralized by MRI. Concordant MRI-EEG lateralization was a strong predictor of satisfactory postoperative seizure control, while no relationship between postoperative seizure control and SPECT findings was present.
An extended landing force control method for biped robot walking on the slope

The purpose of this paper was to extend a landing force control method on the flat terrain proposed by Y.D Kim etc. [1] to absorb the impulsive ground reaction force for biped robot stable walking on the slope. Firstly, the swing foot and the terrain are modeled as two three-ports network systems that are connected respectively, and exchange energy with each other. Secondly, the impulsive impact of the ground reaction force is suppressed to improve the walking stability of biped robot using the extended time-domain passivity control with admittance causality that has the reaction forces measured by 6-axis Force/Torque sensor equipped in the ankle of biped robot as inputs and the decomposed swing foot's positions (x-axis, y-axis, z-axis) to trim off the forces as the outputs. The experiment data and results are described and analyzed, showing that the extended landing force control strategy can suppress the impulsive force and improve the walking stability during walking on the slope.
Large Ca2+‐dependent facilitation of CaV2.1 channels revealed by Ca2+ photo‐uncaging

CaV2.1 channels constitute a dominant Ca2+ entry pathway into brain neurons, triggering downstream Ca2+‐dependent processes such as neurotransmitter release. CaV2.1 is itself modulated by Ca2+, resulting in activity‐dependent enhancement of channel opening termed Ca2+‐dependent facilitation (CDF). Real‐time Ca2+ imaging and Ca2+ uncaging here reveal that CDF turns out to be strikingly faster, more Ca2+ sensitive, and larger than anticipated on previous grounds. Robust resolution of the quantitative profile of CDF enables deduction of a realistic biophysical model for this process. These results suggest that CaV2.1 CDF would figure most prominently in short‐term synaptic plasticity and cerebellar Purkinje cell rhythmicity.
Evidence for coupling of membrane targeting and function of the signal recognition particle (SRP) receptor FtsY

Recent studies have indicated that FtsY, the signal recognition particle receptor of Escherichia coli, plays a central role in membrane protein biogenesis. For proper function, FtsY must be targeted to the membrane, but its membrane‐targeting pathway is unknown. We investigated the relationship between targeting and function of FtsY in vivo, by separating its catalytic domain (NG) from its putative targeting domain (A) by three means: expression of split ftsY, insertion of various spacers between A and NG, and separation of A and NG by in vivo proteolysis. Proteolytic separation of A and NG does not abolish function, whereas separation by long linkers or expression of split ftsY is detrimental. We propose that proteolytic cleavage of FtsY occurs after completion of co‐translational targeting and assembly of NG. In contrast, separation by other means may interrupt proper synchronization of co‐translational targeting and membrane assembly of NG. The co‐translational interaction of FtsY with the membrane was confirmed by in vitro experiments.
Urinary excretion of angiotensinogen reflects intrarenal angiotensinogen production.

BACKGROUND In rats maintained on a high salt diet (H/S) to suppress basal renal angiotensinogen levels, angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion for 13 days increased renal angiotensinogen mRNA and protein, thus providing a mechanism for further augmentation of intrarenal Ang II levels. The present study tested the hypothesis that enhanced intrarenal angiotensinogen formation during Ang II infusion is reflected by secretion into the tubular fluid leading to increased urinary excretion of angiotensinogen (UAGT). METHODS The effects of chronic Ang II infusion were examined on kidney and plasma Ang II levels and UAGT in male Sprague-Dawley rats maintained on an 8% salt diet for three weeks (N=10). Following one week on the H/S diet, Ang II (40 ng/min) was administered for two weeks via an osmotic minipump to one group (H/S + Ang II, N=5), while the remaining rats were sham-operated (H/S + Sham, N=5). Additionally, a control group was prepared with normal salt diet and sham-operation (N/S + Sham, N=5). RESULTS H/S alone did not alter systolic blood pressure (BP) (103 +/- 2 vs. 104 +/- 2 mm Hg), while Ang II infusion to H/S rats significantly increased systolic BP from 103 +/- 2 to 154 +/- 2 after two weeks. Intrarenal Ang II content in H/S + Ang II was significantly greater than H/S + Sham (435 +/- 153 vs. 65 +/- 14 fmol/g). Ang II infusion significantly increased UAGT (4.0 +/- 0.5 vs. 1.0 +/- 0.2 nmol Ang I/day by radioimmunoassay of generated Ang I; 57 +/- 15 vs. 14 +/- 2 densitometric units by Western blotting analysis) compared to Sham. UAGT by radioimmunoassay was highly correlated with kidney Ang II content (r=0.79); but not with plasma Ang II concentration (r=0.20). CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that chronic Ang II infusion increases urinary excretion rate of angiotensinogen, and suggest that UAGT provides a specific index of intrarenal angiotensinogen production in Ang II-dependent hypertension.
Cloning and Expression of cDNA Encoding a Rat Adrenomedullin Receptor (*)

Adrenomedullin is a potent vasodilator peptide that exerts major effects on cardiovascular function. Its actions are mediated through an abundant class of specific binding sites that activate adenylyl cyclase through a G protein-coupled mechanism. We report here the identification of a cDNA clone for the adrenomedullin receptor that was originally isolated as an orphan receptor from rat lung. The cDNA encodes a polypeptide of 395 residues that contains seven transmembrane domains and has a general structural resemblance to other members of the G protein-linked receptor superfamily. When expressed in COS-7 cells, this receptor mediates a cAMP response to adrenomedullin with an EC of 7 × 10M, and binds I-adrenomedullin with a K of 8.2 × 10M, properties that are consistent with those observed in cardiovascular and other target tissues. The receptor gene is expressed as several mRNA species of which the most prominent is a 1.8-kilobase transcript found in the lung, adrenal, heart, spleen, cerebellum, and other sites. Identification of this receptor cDNA should facilitate further investigation of the cellular actions of adrenomedullin and its regulatory effects in normal and disordered states of cardiovascular function.
The use of celecoxib and dexamethasone for the prevention and control of postoperative pain after periodontal surgery.

BACKGROUND Conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been widely used in the control of postoperative pain, but sparse information is available on the efficacy of celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, or dexamethasone, a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, after periodontal surgeries. The purpose of the present study was to compare the use of celecoxib and dexamethasone in the management of pain after mucoperiosteal flap surgery. METHODS A randomized double-masked cross-over clinical trial was conducted on 20 patients from 27 to 52 years old with generalized moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis. Mucoperiosteal flap surgeries for scaling and root planing were performed under local anesthesia on at least three quadrants, with a 4-week interval between. Each quadrant was randomly assigned to one of the following medication protocols: placebo, 4 mg dexamethasone 1 hour before surgery and 8 hours after the first dose, and 200 mg celecoxib 1 hour before surgery and 12 hours after the first dose. Postoperative pain was accessed during the first 8 hours and on the following 3 days using the visual analog scale (VAS), the 101-point numerical rate scale (NRS-101), and the four-point verbal rating scale (VRS-4). RESULTS Pain perception was statistically significantly lower in the celecoxib group than in the placebo group during the first 4 hours using VAS (P = 0.01) and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 hours using NRS-101 (P = 0.03). The level of pain was lower in the dexamethasone group than in the placebo only at the 3-hour period (P = 0.001). Statistically significant differences could be found among the groups at 1 hour (P = 0.015), 3 hours (P = 0.004), 4 hours (P = 0.02), and 7 hours (P = 0.05) using VRS-4. There was no statistically significant difference between the celecoxib and dexamethasone groups. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that the preemptive and postoperative use of celecoxib or dexamethasone were effective in the management of postoperative pain following open-flap debridement.