Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Techniques for frame synchronization on unknown frequency selective channels

For burst oriented data transmission over frequency selective fading channels, the problem of optimum frame synchronization is discussed. A new criterion for frame synchronization accuracy is derived. In the following, we propose new algorithms that allow to estimate the frame start of a data packet transmitted over a noisy unknown dispersive fading channel. The algorithms are classified in data-aided and non-data aided algorithms. All techniques are successively derived from the ML criterion taking into account less and less information. Frame synchronization may be improved basing the frame start estimate on multiple frames. Solutions working under the constraint of clock inaccuracies are presented. The algorithms are compared using simulation. It is shown that a combination of power-ramp up and data-aided synchronization is best suited for asynchronous transmission. With minor modification, the algorithms may be used for multicarrier modulation as well.
Ultraviolet laser beam and confocal microscopy - A system for rapid patterned photolysis

Fluorescence microscopy is generally used for the research of biology, medical sciences and other life science fields. Especially, recent advances in laser technologies and in optical engineering have made it possible to investigate the nanoscale mechanisms of physiological and molecular biological processes and thus to extend its application to pathological and clinical investigations in therapeutic sciences. Furthermore, quantitative measurements of the small molecules, ions and proteins participated into the processes in living tissues, in vivo and in vitro, its movements, and locations can be observed with these optical technologies. Among them, the confocal microscopy was firstly invented for the purpose of visualization of such small-scale observations by using proper fluorescent molecules together with laser beams. Although contrast and resolution are degraded by strong scattering of the tissue preparations in the wide field conventional fluorescence microscope, the development of the confocal microscope can overcome some of the effects of scattering, since the detector pinhole rejects fluorescence from off-focus locations
OUCS-2005-10 Model Checking Sum and Product

We model the well-known Sum-and-Product problem in a modal logic, and verify its solution in a model checker. The modal logic is public announcement logic. This logic contains operators for knowledge, but also for the informational consequences of public announcements. The logic is interpreted on multi-agent Kripke models. The information in the riddle can be represented in the traditional way by number pairs, so that Sum knows their sum and Product their product, but also as an interpreted system, so that Sum and Product at least know their local state. We show that the different representations are isomorphic. The riddle is then implemented and its solution verified in the epistemic model checker DEMO. This can be done, we think, surprisingly elegantly. It involves reformulations to facilitate the computation.
Hybrid face recognition systems for profile views using the MUGSHOT database

Face recognition has established itself as an important sub-branch of pattern recognition within the field of computer science. Many state-of-the-art systems have focused on the task of recognizing frontal views or images with just slight variations in head pose and facial expression of people. We concentrate on two approaches to recognize profile views (90 degrees) with previous knowledge of only the frontal view, which is a challenging task even for human beings. The first presented system makes use of synthesized profile views and the second one uses a joint parameter estimation technique. The systems we present combine artificial neural networks (NN) and a modeling technique based on hidden Markov models (HMM). One of the main ideas of these systems is to perform the recognition task without the use of any 3D-information of heads and faces such as a physical 3D-models, for instance. Instead, we represent the rotation process by a NN, which has been trained with prior knowledge derived from image pairs showing the same person's frontal and profile view. Another important restriction to this task is that we use exactly one example frontal view to train the system to recognize the corresponding profile view for a previously unseen individual. The presented systems are tested with a sub-set of the MUGSHOT database.
Complex working memory span tasks and higher-order cognition: A latent-variable analysis of the relationship between processing and storage

Complex span tasks, assumed by many to measure an individual's working memory capacity, are predictive of several aspects of higher-order cognition. However, the underlying cause of the relationships between “processing-and-storage” tasks and cognitive abilities is still hotly debated nearly 30 years after the tasks were first introduced. The current study utilised latent constructs across verbal, numerical, and spatial content domains to examine a number of questions regarding the predictive power of complex span tasks. In particular, the relations among processing time, processing accuracy, and storage accuracy from the complex span tasks were examined, in combination with their respective relationships with fluid intelligence. The results point to a complicated pattern of unique and shared variance among the constructs. Implications for various theories of working memory are discussed.
Cone of silence: adaptively nulling interferers in wireless networks

Dense 802.11 wireless networks present a pressing capacity challenge: users in proximity contend for limited unlicensed spectrum. Directional antennas promise increased capacity by improving the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the receiver, potentially allowing successful decoding of packets at higher bit-rates. Many uses of directional antennas to date have directed high gain between two peers, thus maximizing the strength of the sender's signal reaching the receiver. But in an interference-rich environment, as in dense 802.11 deployments, directional antennas only truly come into their own when they explicitly null interference from competing concurrent senders. In this paper, we present Cone of Silence (CoS), a technique that leverages software-steerable directional antennas to improve the capacity of indoor 802.11 wireless networks by adaptively nulling interference. Using in situ signal strength measurements that account for the complex propagation environment, CoS derives custom antenna radiation patterns that maximize the strength of the signal arriving at an access point from a sender while nulling inteference from one or more concurrent interferers. CoS leverages multiple antennas, but requires only a single commodity 802.11 radio, thus avoiding the significant processing requirements of decoding multiple concurrent packets. Experiments in an indoor 802.11 deployment demonstrate that CoS improves throughput under interference.
The Varieties of Self-Transcendent Experience

Various forms of self-loss have been described as aspects of mental illness (e.g., depersonalization disorder), but might self-loss also be related to mental health? In this integrative review and proposed organizational framework, we focus on self-transcendent experiences (STEs)—transient mental states marked by decreased self-salience and increased feelings of connectedness. We first identify common psychological constructs that contain a self-transcendent aspect, including mindfulness, flow, peak experiences, mystical-type experiences, and certain positive emotions (e.g., love, awe). We then propose psychological and neurobiological mechanisms that may mediate the effects of STEs based on a review of the extant literature from social psychology, clinical psychology, and affective neuroscience. We conclude with future directions for further empirical research on these experiences.
Algorytmy dokaadne dla grafowych

Niewiele problemó÷ teorii grafów cieszy si¦ takim zainteresowaniem matematyków i informatyków, jak ró»ne warianty etykietowania grafów. Naukowcy po±wi¦caj¡ im uwag¦ ze wzgl¦du na liczne mo»liwo±ci zastosowa« (za pomoc¡ ró»nych wersji etykietowania mo»emy modelowa¢ wiele problemów ze ±wiata biznesu czy przemysau), a tak»e na ich ciekawe waasno±ci teoretyczne. Jedn¡ z typowych motywacji do zajmowania si¦ problemami etykietowania jest problem przydziaau cz¦stotliwo±ci nadajnikom w sieciach radiowych. Polega on na takim przypisaniu nadajnikom kanaaów cz¦stotliwo±ci (zazwyczaj reprezentownych przez liczby caakowite), aby unikn¡¢ zakaóce« sygnaau. Sposób zde niowania tych zakaóce« (i, co za tym idzie, kon iktów mi¦dzy nadajnikami) de niuje nam ró»ne warianty problemu etykietowania. W niniejszej pracy b¦dziemy zajmowali si¦ problemami tego typu, a zwaaszcza problemem etykietowania L(2, 1) (patrz Griggs, Yeh [13]) oraz problemem tzw. uogólnionego listowego T -kolorowania (patrz Fiala, Král', krekovski [9]). Ostatni problem zostaa zde niowany jako uogólnienie wielu znanych problemów etykietowania grafów. Innym naturalnym uogólnieniem wielu problemów, którymi b¦dziemy si¦ zajmowa¢, jest problem homomor zmu grafów (patrz Hell, Ne2et°il [16]) oraz jego szczególny przypadek, jakim jest problem lokalnie ró»nowarto±ciowego homomor zmu grafów (ang. locally injective homomorphism, patrz Fiala, Kratochvíl [11]).
A new hybrid approach for the visual servoing of VTOL UAVs from unknown geometries

This paper presents a new solution for the visual servoing of the translational kinematics of a Vertical Takeoff and landing (VTOL) vehicle. While previous works mainly focused on the servoing from known objects, the present paper deals with the servoing from objects of unknown geometries. The proposed solution is a hybrid controller that combines the global stability of Position Based (PBVS) schemes with the robustness of Image Based (IBVS) approaches. This is achieved using a switching strategy, which favours the advantageous approach based on the average servoing error. Simulation results, based on a full nonlinear model of a Quadrotor UAV, are provided to validate the proposed solution.
A GPU Algorithm Design for Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem

This work proposes a GPU algorithm for a combinatorial problem known in literature as Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem. To solve this NP-hard problem, Tabu Search meta-heuristic is selected. All computations are performed on the GPU to minimize required communication bandwidth between the GPU and the CPU. In addition, new evaluation algorithm and effective Tabu List implementation are designed especially for GPUs. Achieved results show that the proposed GPU solution outperforms the equivalent CPU version in both quality of solutions and performance speedup.
An energy-efficient mechanism for increasing video quality of service in Wireless Mesh Networks

The continuous growth in user demand for high-quality rich media services puts pressure on Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) resources. Solutions such as those which increase the capacity of the mesh network by equipping mesh routers with additional wireless interfaces provide better Quality of Service (QoS) for video deliveries, but result in higher overall energy consumption for the network. This paper presents LBIS, a distributed solution which combines the benefits of both load-balancing and interface-shifting in order to enhance QoS levels for video services delivered over multi-hop WMNs, while maintaining low energy consumption levels within the network. Simulation-based results show very good performance of our proposed mechanism in terms of QoS metrics (delay, packet loss), Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and energy consumption in mesh network topologies, and with varying video traffic loads and distributions. The results demonstrate how LBIS can increase the QoS for video deliveries by more than 30% at the cost of an insignificant increase of the overall network energy consumption compared to the WMN with multiple radio interfaces without the LBIS adaptation.
Event and state-based debugging in TAU: a prototype

Parallel programs are complex and often require a multilevel debugging strategy that combines both eventand state-based debugging. We report here on preliminary work that combines these approaches within the TAU program analysis environment for pC++. This work extends the use of event-based modeling to object-parallel languages, provides an alternative mechanism for establishing meaningful global breakpoints in object-oriented languages, introduces the TAU program interaction and control infrastructure, and provides an environment for the assessment of mixed eventand state-based strategies.
Decentralized multicell coordinated beamforming with overlapped clusters

This paper studies downlink coordinated beamforming schemes with overlapped clusters, where a base station (BS) may belong to multiple clusters selected by different users. Subject to the inherent constraint on information sharing for overlapped clusters, i.e., the information of a user is shared only within the user's coordinating cluster, we propose two decentralized coordinated beamforming schemes, which can be implemented at every BS individually without the iterations between multiple BSs. Simulation results demonstrate the performance gain of the proposed schemes over existing distributed schemes.
Correlations between cognitive, behavioural and psychological findings and levels of vitamin B12 and folate in patients with dementia

Associations between low levels of folate and vitamin B12 and cognitive impairment in patients with dementia have been reported. Some studies revealed correlations between low levels of vitamin B12 and behavioural and psychological signs and symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Given the lack of studies in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and on folate and given the methodological shortcomings of former publications, we set up a prospective study.
The Importance of Synchrony and Temporal Order of Visual and Tactile Input for Illusory Limb Ownership Experiences – An fMRI Study Applying Virtual Reality

In the so-called rubber hand illusion, synchronous visuotactile stimulation of a visible rubber hand together with one's own hidden hand elicits ownership experiences for the artificial limb. Recently, advanced virtual reality setups were developed to induce a virtual hand illusion (VHI). Here, we present functional imaging data from a sample of 25 healthy participants using a new device to induce the VHI in the environment of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. In order to evaluate the neuronal robustness of the illusion, we varied the degree of synchrony between visual and tactile events in five steps: in two conditions, the tactile stimulation was applied prior to visual stimulation (asynchrony of −300 ms or −600 ms), whereas in another two conditions, the tactile stimulation was applied after visual stimulation (asynchrony of +300 ms or +600 ms). In the fifth condition, tactile and visual stimulation was applied synchronously. On a subjective level, the VHI was successfully induced by synchronous visuotactile stimulation. Asynchronies between visual and tactile input of ±300 ms did not significantly diminish the vividness of illusion, whereas asynchronies of ±600 ms did. The temporal order of visual and tactile stimulation had no effect on VHI vividness. Conjunction analyses of functional MRI data across all conditions revealed significant activation in bilateral ventral premotor cortex (PMv). Further characteristic activation patterns included bilateral activity in the motion-sensitive medial superior temporal area as well as in the bilateral Rolandic operculum, suggesting their involvement in the processing of bodily awareness through the integration of visual and tactile events. A comparison of the VHI-inducing conditions with asynchronous control conditions of ±600 ms yielded significant PMv activity only contralateral to the stimulation site. These results underline the temporal limits of the induction of limb ownership related to multisensory body-related input.
The Metric System: Transforming Prose to Verse

Invoke thy aid to my adventrous Song, That with no middle flight intends to soar Above th' Aonian Mount, while it pursues Things unattempted yet in Prose or Rhime. ABSTRACT The Metric System attempts the following task: Given English text, generate semantically equivalent English text which conforms to a specific poetic meter. The system employs a genetic algorithm to iteratively transform a prose source text into similar-meaning lines of metrical verse based on inputs and analyses from a language model, a semantic similarity model, a metrical model, a pronunciation dictionary, word sense disambiguation, parsing, and part-of-speech tagging.
Diets high in resistant starch and arabinoxylan modulate digestion processes and SCFA pool size in the large intestine and faecal microbial composition in pigs

The effects of a high level of dietary fibre (DF) either as arabinoxylan (AX) or resistant starch (RS) on digestion processes, SCFA concentration and pool size in various intestinal segments and on the microbial composition in the faeces were studied in a model experiment with pigs. A total of thirty female pigs (body weight 63·1 (sem 4·4) kg) were fed a low-DF, high-fat Western-style control diet (WSD), an AX-rich diet (AXD) or a RS-rich diet (RSD) for 3 weeks. Diet significantly affected the digestibility of DM, protein, fat, NSP and NSP components, and the arabinose:xylose ratio, as well as the disappearance of NSP and AX in the large intestine. RS was mainly digested in the caecum. AX was digested at a slower rate than RS. The digesta from AXD-fed pigs passed from the ileum to the distal colon more than twice as fast as those from WSD-fed pigs, with those from RSD-fed pigs being intermediate (P< 0·001). AXD feeding resulted in a higher number of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia intestinalis, Blautia coccoides–Eubacterium rectale, Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. in the faeces sampled at week 3 of the experimental period (P< 0·05). In the caecum, proximal and mid colon, AXD feeding resulted in a 3- to 5-fold higher pool size of butyrate compared with WSD feeding, with the RSD being intermediate (P <0·001). In conclusion, the RSD and AXD differently affected digestion processes compared with the WSD, and the AXD most efficiently shifted the microbial composition towards butyrogenic species in the faeces and increased the large-intestinal butyrate pool size.
Development of processing capacity entails representing more complex relations: Implications for cognitive development

Capacity has proved a difficult and controversial topic, in both cognition and cognitive development. The question of whether processing capacity changes with age has been particularly intractable in cognitive development, and for approximately three decades there have been two, apparently irreconcilable, schools of thought. Some theorists have proposed that growth in processing capacity or efficiency is a factor that has a major explanatory role in cognitive development (Case, 1985; Halford, 1993; McLaughlin, 1963; Pascual-Leone, 1970). There is no suggestion that capacity carries the whole explanatory burden, but that it is an enabling factor that interacts with knowledge acquisition through experience. Other theorists have argued that growth in capacity has no role in cognitive development, and place the whole explanatory burden on acquisition and organisation of knowledge (Carey, 1985; Chi & Ceci, 1987).
Russian 'blues': Controversies of basicness

Sinij and goluboj , the two Russian confounders for ‘blue’, are considered. The question addressed is whether solely sinij or both have status of basic color terms. Results along various lines of experimental research are analyzed. Developmental studies in preschoolers show that with regards to sinij , acquisition of goluboj is overdue, but comparable to that of ‘orange’ and ‘purple’. Psycholinguistic studies indicate that both Russian ‘blues’ are named with high consensus and have circumscribed, though adjoining areas when mapped into a color space. Psychometric studies relate data of Russian and English speakers on color categorization and discrimination within the blue region. Results are indecisive on whether Russian speakers possess a sinij-goluboj category boundary. However, choices of stimuli and/or experimental design were suboptimal. Further controlled psychometric investigation is required. Nevertheless, linguistic (developmental, metonymic, metaphoric) and psycholinguistic analyses provide converging evidence that both Russian ‘blues’ have status of the basic color terms.
Human Intestinal Lumen and Mucosa-Associated Microbiota in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Recent reports have suggested the involvement of gut microbiota in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). We utilized pyrosequencing based analysis of 16S rRNA genes to determine the overall structure of microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer and healthy controls; we investigated microbiota of the intestinal lumen, the cancerous tissue and matched noncancerous normal tissue. Moreover, we investigated the mucosa-adherent microbial composition using rectal swab samples because the structure of the tissue-adherent bacterial community is potentially altered following bowel cleansing. Our findings indicated that the microbial structure of the intestinal lumen and cancerous tissue differed significantly. Phylotypes that enhance energy harvest from diets or perform metabolic exchange with the host were more abundant in the lumen. There were more abundant Firmicutes and less abundant Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in lumen. The overall microbial structures of cancerous tissue and noncancerous tissue were similar; howerer the tumor microbiota exhibited lower diversity. The structures of the intestinal lumen microbiota and mucosa-adherent microbiota were different in CRC patients compared to matched microbiota in healthy individuals. Lactobacillales was enriched in cancerous tissue, whereas Faecalibacterium was reduced. In the mucosa-adherent microbiota, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, and Blautia were reduced in CRC patients, whereas Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, Peptostreptococcus, and Mogibacterium were enriched. In the lumen, predominant phylotypes related to metabolic disorders or metabolic exchange with the host, Erysipelotrichaceae, Prevotellaceae, and Coriobacteriaceae were increased in cancer patients. Coupled with previous reports, these results suggest that the intestinal microbiota is associated with CRC risk and that intestinal lumen microflora potentially influence CRC risk via cometabolism or metabolic exchange with the host. However, mucosa-associated microbiota potentially affects CRC risk primarily through direct interaction with the host.
Annotating WordNet

High-quality lexical resources are needed to both train and evaluate Word Sense Disam-biguation (WSD) systems. The problem of ambiguity persists even in limited domains, thus the necessity for wide-coverage inventories of senses (dictionaries) and corpora sense-tagged to them. WordNet has been used extensively for WSD, for both its broad coverage and its large network of semantic relations. In this paper, we present a report on the state of our current endeavor to increase the connectivity of WordNet through sense-tagging the glosses, the result of which will be to create a more integrated lexical resource.