Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying The Most Relevant Arguments From User Meta-Data

Title: Identifying The Most Relevant Arguments From User Meta-Data Author: Roussi Roussev Major Advisor: Marius Silaghi, PhD Arguments are essential objects in a debate. In the DirectDemocracyP2P system, they occur in association with signatures for petitions. The arguments of a signer on a given issue are grouped into one single justification, are classified by the type of signature, in our case supporting or opposing, and can be subject to various types of relations such as refute, subsume or more recent. Given those signatures and relations, the addressed problems are: (i) what makes a good supporting or opposing justification (ii) how to recommend the best justification to a new voter, (iii) how to recommend a compact list of justifications subsuming the majority of known arguments for or against an issue. In this dissertation, we investigate solutions based on weighted bipartite graphs within the context of the DirectDemocracyP2P (DDP2P) system. We describe algorithms based on computing transitive closures covering different types of edges in those graphs, refutes and subsumes. Due to the decentralized design of DDP2P, the system can be in a constantly inconsistent state as peers come up and down,
Security analysis and implementation of a simple method for prevention and detection against Evil Twin attack in IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN

Over the past few years, there has been a rapid growth in the use of wireless networks. The Network name and the MAC address are the only available network identifiers by IEEE 802.11 convention by which a device can be connected to a wireless network access point. The widespread practice of the wireless network in public realm gave rise to the most provocative security menace known as Evil Twin attack. The presence of such a menace continuously results in significant loss of information. In this paper, we discussed the types of security threats which have still not been resolved by IEEE 802.11i amendment. We also discussed an Evil Twin attack on WPA2 encrypted network. The majority of the solutions proposed previously required an installation of additional hardware as well as software. We present a straightforward solution for the prevention and detection of Evil Twin attack which requires minimal modifications to the Operating System, Probe Response frame, and Access Point.
Identification of Audio Titles on Internet

The increasing usage of the Internet for the distribution of audio content and the increasing number of audio broadcasting stations require new supporting tools and methods for the observation of occurrence frequencies and of possible copyright-infringements. This paper describes a general approach for the identification of audio titles and its application on Internet observation. The concept of an AudioDNA is developed, allowing a highly compressed representation of a sequence of acoustic events. Audio titles are identified by using a sequence matching method which determines similarities between observed and reference AudioDNA stored in a database. This method is implemented in an highly scaleable architecture allowing to identify several audio titles in parallel. The first results with this system are very promising, only highly distorted audio titles are not identified correctly.
Polarization of Gamma-Ray Bursts via Scattering off a Relativistic Sheath

Gamma-ray burst fireballs could be ensheathed by a relativistic, baryon-enriched outflow that would in selected directions scatter a polarized beam of gamma rays. The strong polarization recently announced by RHESSI is attainable by the scattering mechanism, although not most of the time. The scattering mechanism, when acting in addition to the synchrotron mechanism, could circumvent some of the predictions implied by a purely synchrotron origin for the polarization. The time profile of the scattered component could differ from that of the primary gamma rays.
Inequity in disability pension: an intersectional analysis of the co-constitution of gender, education and age. The Hordaland Health Study

Abstract Social position, education, gender and increasing age are all identified as important risk factors for disability pension. This study takes an intersectionality approach and examines their co-constitution, in relation to inequity in disability pension. The population included 22,203 middle-aged men and women participating in the community-based Hordaland Health Study, Western Norway (1997–1999). The participants were categorised in four exposure groups: higher educated men, higher educated women, lower educated men and lower educated women. The outcome was disability pension from 1992 to end of 2007, from a national registry. Using recommendations for intersectionality-informed quantitative research, we estimated the main effects of gender and educational attainment on disability pension, and potential statistical multiplicative interactions between gender and education in relation to cause-specific and all-cause disability pension. For all-cause disability pension, men with higher education had the lowest risk for disability pension (rate per 1000 person-years: 2.01) during the course of working life (from age 35 to 57), followed by higher educated women (rate 3.56), and lower educated men (rate 4.59). Finally, women with lower education had a substantially increased risk already in early middle age (rate 8.39). We found a statistical multiplicative effect of lower education and female gender on all-cause disability pension and disability pension with musculoskeletal disorders compared with men with higher education. The discussion highlights that inequity in disability pension is not only about defining vulnerable groups, but also about understanding how privileges and disadvantages are unequally distributed.
Taxonomic reexamination of Portulaca okinawensis (Portulacaceae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago of Japan based on molecular and morphological data

We used molecular phylogenetic and morphological data to reexamine the taxonomic status of Portulaca okinawensis (≡ P. pilosa subsp. okinawensis ) endemic to the central Ryukyu islands, southwestern Japan. Our molecular analyses showed that P. okinawensis is monophyletic, sister to the clade of P. psammotropha and P. tuberosa and it is not closely related to P. pilosa subsp. pilosa . Two subclades, one comprising plants from the Okinawa Islands and the other from the Amami Islands, were recognized. The plants from the Okinawa Islands had more than 20 stamens, orange-yellow nallowly obovate to oblanceolate petals, and reddish-green stems (as the holotype), while the plants from the Amami Islands had less than 20 stamens, lemon-colored obovate petals, and bright-green stems. The molecular and morphological data support a taxonomic treatment of Walker & Tawada (1951) regarding P. okinawensis as a separate species, also suggesting that the plants from the Amami and Okinawa islands should be treated as different taxa. A new variety Portulaca okinawensis var. amamiensis was here described.
Simulated Diffusion of Phosphorylated CheY through the Cytoplasm of Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT We describe the use of a computational model to study the effects of cellular architecture and macromolecular crowding on signal transduction in Escherichia coli chemotaxis. A newly developed program, Smoldyn, allows the movement and interaction of a large number of individual molecules in a structured environment to be simulated (S. S. Andrews and D. Bray, Phys. Biol., in press). With Smoldyn, we constructed a three-dimensional model of an E. coli cell and examined the diffusion of CheYp from the cluster of receptors to the flagellar motors under control conditions and in response to attractant and repellent stimuli. Our simulations agree well with experimental observations of cell swimming responses and are consistent with the diffusive behavior expected in wild-type and mutant cells. The high resolution available to us in the new program allows us to calculate the loci of individual CheYp molecules in a cell and the distribution of their lifetimes under different cellular conditions. We find that the time delay between stimulus and response differs for flagellar motors located at different positions in the cell. We explore different possible locations for the phosphatase CheZ and show conditions under which a gradient of CheYp exists in the cell. The introduction of inert blocks into the cytoplasm, representing impenetrable structures such as the nucleoid and large protein complexes, produces a fall in the apparent diffusion coefficient of CheYp and enhances the differences between motors. These and other results are left as predictions for future experiments.
Brain's Night Symphony (BraiNSy): A Methodology for EEG Sonification

This paper describes a method for converting sleep Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals into music. For that purpose, a new segmentation procedure is used for extracting relevant information from the sleep EEG that is then translated into sequences of notes, chords, arpeggios and pauses, with a varying tempo that is defined by sleep stages. The final outcome is a direct time-domain conversion of the brain activity during sleep into sound. Since typical sleep EEGs vary with age and sleep disorders, different groups of subjects were used in the experiments: babies, sane adults and patients with air-flow limitation.
Person Identification using Gait by Combined Features of Width and Shape of the Binary Silhouette

—Current image-based individual human recognition methods, such as ﬁngerprints, face, or iris biometric modalities generally require a cooperative subject, views from certain aspects, and physical contact or close proximity. These methods cannot reliably recognize non-cooperating individuals at a distance in the real world under changing environmental conditions. Gait, which concerns recognizing individuals by the way they walk, is a relatively new biometric without these disadvantages. The inherent gait characteristic of an individual makes it irreplaceable and useful in visual surveillance. In this paper, an efﬁcient gait recognition system for human identiﬁcation by extracting two features namely width vector of the binary silhouette and the MPEG-7-based region-based shape descriptors is proposed. In the proposed method, foreground objects i.e., human and other moving objects are extracted by estimating background information by a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and subsequently, median ﬁltering operation is performed for removing noises in the background subtracted image. A moving target classi-ﬁcation algorithm is used to separate human being ( i.e., pedestrian) from other foreground objects ( viz., vehicles). Shape and boundary information is used in the moving target classiﬁcation algorithm. Subsequently, width vector of the outer contour of binary silhouette and the MPEG-7 Angular Radial Transform coefﬁcients are taken as the feature vector. Next, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to the selected feature vector to reduce its dimensionality. These extracted feature vectors are used to train an Hidden Markov Model (HMM) for identiﬁcation of some individuals. The proposed system is evaluated using some gait sequences and the experimental results show the efﬁcacy of the proposed algorithm.
Crystal structure of a photoactivated deprotonated intermediate of rhodopsin

The changes that lead to activation of G protein-coupled receptors have not been elucidated at the structural level. In this work we report the crystal structures of both ground state and a photoactivated deprotonated intermediate of bovine rhodopsin at a resolution of 4.15 Å. In the photoactivated state, the Schiff base linking the chromophore and Lys-296 becomes deprotonated, reminiscent of the G protein-activating state, metarhodopsin II. The structures reveal that the changes that accompany photoactivation are smaller than previously predicted for the metarhodopsin II state and include changes on the cytoplasmic surface of rhodopsin that possibly enable the coupling to its cognate G protein, transducin. Furthermore, rhodopsin forms a potentially physiologically relevant dimer interface that involves helices I, II, and 8, and when taken with the prior work that implicates helices IV and V as the physiological dimer interface may account for one of the interfaces of the oligomeric structure of rhodopsin seen in the membrane by atomic force microscopy. The activation and oligomerization models likely extend to the majority of other G protein-coupled receptors.
Cellular neural networks with memristive cell devices

In this paper, we present simulation measurements of a memristor crossbar device. We designed a PCB memristor package and the appropriate measurement board. Technical details of these circuits are presented. Cellular like topology of this crossbar device can provide high density and local connectivity. We gave a formula to evaluate the direction of the change of the states of the memristor array in case of a given voltage input. Our simulation results show that a memristor crossbar can be a trainable weight-matrix of a fully connected neural network if the memristors have ohmic non-linearity.
Chapter 27 Tail Inequalities

Theorem 27.1. 2 (Chebychev inequality) Let X be a random variable with μx = E[X] and σx be the standard deviation of X. That is σX = E [ (X − μx) ] . Then, Pr [|X − μX | ≥ tσX] ≤ 1 t2 . Proof: Note that Pr [|X − μX | ≥ tσX] = Pr[(X − μX) ≥ t2σ2X] . Set Y = (X − μX). Clearly, E [ Y ] = σX. Now, apply Markov inequality to Y . This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA.
Interpretation of thyroid function tests

Thyroid function tests are one of the most common endocrine panels in general practice because a good understanding of when to order them, interpretation of their results and indications for treatment are important for the optimal treatment of thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) should be the first test to be performed on any patient with suspected thyroid dysfunction and in follow-up of individuals on treatment. It is useful as a first-line test because even small changes in thyroid function are sufficient to cause a significant increase in TSH secretion. Thyroxine levels may be assessed in a patient with hyperthyroidism, to determine the severity of hyperthyroxinemia. Antithyroid peroxidase measurements should be considered while evaluating patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and can facilitate the identification of autoimmune thyroiditis during the evaluation of nodular thyroid disease. The measurement of TSH receptor antibody must be considered when confirmation of Graves' disease is needed and radioactive iodine uptake cannot be done.
Deployment and interface design considerations for Radio Environment Maps

Radio Environment Map (REM) is an integrated database consisting of multi-domain information including the spectrum availability profile, geographical features, regulations, relevant policies, radio equipment profile, past experiences, etc. In this paper we analyse the integration of REM with the wider communication system and how it interfaces with the relevant network entities. REM is primarily designed to facilitate network establishment and to improve operational performance and radio resource management. The REM computes complex temporal and spatial aspects of radio environment by gathering information from various spectrum sensing sources, and thus has interface with heterogeneous devices. In this paper we particularly look at the different interfaces of REM with other potential entities in the architecture. The interface design must take into consideration the stakeholders providing REM facilities and the architecture in which the functions are mapped. These are necessarily scenario specific as they depend on the motivation, benefits and incentives for using the REM approach. For selected use case scenarios, we draw architectural interface design considerations and network mapping.
Context-Sensitive Arabic Spell Checker Using Context Words and N-Gram Language Models

This paper addresses real-word spell checking using context words and n-gram language models. A corpus that consists of different Arabic topics is collected. A collection of confusion sets is normally used in addressing real-word errors. Twenty eight confusion sets are chosen in our experiments. These sets were collected from the most common confused words made by non-native Arabic speakers and from OCR misrecognized words. The probabilities of the context words of the confusion sets are estimated using a window-based technique. N-gram language models are used to detect real-word errors and to choose the best correction for the errors once found. An automatic context-sensitive spell checking prototype that detects and corrects real-word errors in Arabic text is implemented. The experimental results showed promising correction accuracy.
A threshold proxy signature scheme based on bilinear parings

Aiming at the technology of threshold proxy signature is not yet perfect, there are still several problems about security and performance, the paper introduces bilinear pairings to signature scheme, suggests a threshold proxy signature scheme based on new probability signature. The scheme not only has all properties that a strongly-secure threshold proxy signature scheme should has, but also has short length of secret key and fast speed of encryption comparing with present schemes.
Detection of specific antinuclear reactivities in patients with negative anti-nuclear antibody immunofluorescence screening tests.

BACKGROUND For detection of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) and antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens (ENAs), samples frequently are screened with indirect immunofluorescence (IIF); further determination of anti-ENA antibodies is performed only when the result is positive. However, because anti-ENA reactivities are found in samples with low fluorescence intensities, we determined anti-ENA antibodies in samples with negative IIF and thus calculated the sensitivity of IIF for specific ANAs. METHODS We collected 494 samples consecutively referred by rheumatologists for routine ANA testing. IIF on HEp-2 and HEp-2000 (HEp-2 cells transfected with Ro60 cDNA) and line immunoassay (LIA) for the detection of specific ANAs were performed on all samples. RESULTS Fluorescence intensities and patterns on HEp-2 were strongly correlated with those on HEp-2000 [Spearman rho = 0.852 (P <0.001) and 0.838 (P <0.001), respectively]. Sixty-eight of 494 samples were positive on LIA, of which only 72% (confidence interval, 68-76%) were detected with HEp-2 and 75% (confidence interval, 70-78%) with HEp-2000. Of 291 samples negative on both substrates, 12 were positive on LIA. Connective tissue diseases were diagnosed in four of these patients and suspected in at least three others. CONCLUSION The HEp-2 and HEp-2000 substrates perform comparably for fluorescence intensities and patterns and for detecting specific ANAs, but some patients with negative IIF show reactivity on LIA. We recommend testing for fine reactivities, regardless of the IIF result, when the clinical suspicion for rheumatic connective tissue disease is high.
The Association between the Stress Relief Method and High-Risk Alcohol Drinking: The 2005 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Background: The importance of stress relief methods is becoming an important issue in developed societies. However, no studies have examined the effects of stress relief methods on the risk of engaging in high-risk alcohol consumption. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between stress relief methods and high-risk alcohol consumption. Methods: This study included a total of 5,313 subjects who participated in the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. To evaluate high-risk alcohol consumption, we used the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT-K). Regarding the stress relief method, participants were divided into three groups as follows: 1) those who were non-smokers and relieved stress using methods other than smoking (Group A), 2) those who were smokers but relieved stress using methods other than smoking (Group B), and 3) those who relieved stress by smoking (Group C). Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between the stress relief method and high-risk alcohol consumption. Results: The mean scores of AUDIT-K were 5.7 for Group A, 10.0 for Group B, and 11.4 for Group C (P-value<0.001). Compared to Group A, the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals for high-risk alcohol consumption were 3.91 (1.96–7.80) for Group B and 6.26 (2.99–13.10) for Group C after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, household income, education levels, residential area, marital status, stress levels, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Conclusion: We found that the participants who relieved stress by smoking had a significantly higher risk of engaging in high-risk alcohol consumption.
Making a Difference: Dyslexia and Social Identity in Educational Contexts

Dyslexia is known as a Learning Disability (LD), a reading disability and a neurological disability; yet there is confusion about dyslexia and the associated support required in learning. Challenges are experienced by adult students with dyslexia in both social and organisational contexts. This study explored the life experiences of adult students with dyslexia, in Technical and Further Education (TAFE) Colleges in Australia. The shift from a prior negative self‐perception to a current positive social identity in adult students with dyslexia can be developed through key supporting relationships and interactions in educational institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Load Balancing in Cloud Computing: A Survey on Popular Techniques and Comparative Analysis

Cloud Computing is universally accepted as the most intensifying field in web technologies today. With the increasing popularity of the cloud, popular website’s servers are getting overloaded with high request load by users. One of the main challenges in cloud computing is Load Balancing on servers. Load balancing is the procedure of sharing the load between multiple processors in a distributed environment to minimize the turnaround time taken by the servers to cater service requests and make better utilization of the available resources. It greatly helps in scenarios where there is misbalance of workload on the servers as some machines may get heavily loaded while others remain under-loaded or idle. Load balancing methods make sure that every VM or server in the network holds workload equilibrium and load as per their capacity at any instance of time. Static and Dynamic load balancing are main techniques for balancing load on servers. This paper presents a brief discussion on different load balancing schemes and comparison between prime techniques. GJCST-B Classification: H.3. m LoadBalancinginCloudComputingASurveyonPopularTechniquesandComparativeAnalysis Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of: Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology: B Cloud and Distributed Volume 18 Issue 1 Version 1.0 Year 2018 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Online ISSN: 0975-4172 | Print ISSN: 0975-4350 | DOI: 10.17406