Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pathology of acute and chronic coronary stenting in humans.

BACKGROUND Despite the increasing use of stents, few reports have described human coronary artery morphology early and late after stenting. METHODS AND RESULTS Histology was performed on 55 stents in 35 coronary vessels (32 native arteries and 3 vein grafts) from 32 patients. The mean duration of stent placement was 39+/-82 days. Fibrin, platelets, and neutrophils were associated with stent struts </=11 days after deployment. In stents implanted for </=3 days, only 3% of struts in contact with fibrous plaque had >20 associated inflammatory cells compared with 44% of struts embedded in a lipid core and 36% of struts in contact with damaged media (P<0.001). Neointimal growth determined late histological success, and increased neointimal growth correlated with increased stent size relative to the proximal reference lumen area. Neointimal thickness was greater for struts associated with medial damage than struts in contact with plaque (P<0.0001) or intact media (P<0.0001). When matched for time since treatment, neointimal cell density in stented arteries was similar to that in unstented arteries that had undergone balloon angioplasty and showed similar proteoglycan deposition. CONCLUSIONS Morphology after coronary stenting demonstrates early thrombus formation and acute inflammation followed by neointimal growth. Medial injury and lipid core penetration by struts result in increased inflammation. Neointima increases as the ratio of stent area to reference lumen area increases. Deployment strategies that reduce medial damage and avoid stent oversizing may lower the frequency of in-stent restenosis.
Iejimalides A and B inhibit lysosomal vacuolar H+‐ATPase (V‐ATPase) activity and induce S‐phase arrest and apoptosis in MCF‐7 cells

Iejimalides are novel macrolides that are cytostatic or cytotoxic against a wide range of cancer cells at low nanomolar concentrations. A recent study by our laboratory characterized the expression of genes and proteins that determine the downstream effects of iejimalide B. However, little is known about the cellular target(s) of iejimalide or downstream signaling that lead to cell‐cycle arrest and/or apoptosis. Iejimalides have been shown to inhibit the activity of vacuolar H+‐ATPase (V‐ATPase) in osteoclasts, but how this inhibition may lead to cell‐cycle arrest and/or apoptosis in epithelial cells is not known. In this study, MCF‐7 breast cancer cells were treated with iejimalide A or B and analyzed for changes in cell‐cycle dynamics, apoptosis, lysosomal pH, cytoplasmic pH, mitochondrial membrane potential, and generation of reactive oxygen species. Both iejimalides A and B sequentially neutralize the pH of lysosomes, induce S‐phase cell‐cycle arrest, and trigger apoptosis in MCF‐7 cells. Apoptosis occurs through a mechanism that involves oxidative stress and mitochondrial depolarization but not cytoplasmic acidification. These data confirm that iejimalides inhibit V‐ATPase activity in the context of epithelial tumor cells, and that this inhibition may lead to a lysosome‐initiated cell death process. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 634–642, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Interleukin-6 Gene Polymorphisms with Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome that may be dangerous especially to the fetus. Different cytokines have been found to be elevated in women with preeclampsia and may have possible roles in the development of this disorder. Alleles of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) genes are associated with preeclampsia in several studies in different populations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between IL-6 (G174C) and TNF-α (G-308A) gene polymorphisms with preeclampsia in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh of India. The TNFA (-308 A/G) and IL6 (-674G/C) genotypes were determined in 100 preeclamptic women and 100 normal pregnant women as control group, using allele-specific oligonucleotides-polymerase chain reaction method. Data was analyzed using chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. TNF-α (G-308A) G/G genotype showed a significantly higher frequency among the preeclamptic group than the control group (odds ratio, 0.4603, 95% confidence interval, (0.2521- 0.8405); P = . 005). G/A genotype also showed higher frequency among the preeclamptic group compared to control group (odds ratio, 2.508, 95% confidence interval, ((1.341-4.689); P = . 001). IL-6 (G174C) genotype significantly higher frequency among the preeclamptic group than the control group (odds ratio, 0.4603, 95% confidence interval, (0.2521- 0.8405); P = . 005). The present study might suggest a role for TNF-α (G-308A) and -174 GC of IL-6 genotype in the development of preeclampsia; suggesting that they are of differing genetic predisposition/pathophysiology.
Unsupervised Model Adaptation using Information-Theoretic Criterion

In this paper we propose a novel general framework for unsupervised model adaptation. Our method is based on entropy which has been used previously as a regularizer in semi-supervised learning. This technique includes another term which measures the stability of posteriors w.r. t model parameters, in addition to conditional entropy. The idea is to use parameters which result in both low conditional entropy and also stable decision rules. As an application, we demonstrate how this framework can be used for adjusting language model interpolation weight for speech recognition task to adapt from Broadcast news data to MIT lecture data. We show how the new technique can obtain comparable performance to completely supervised estimation of interpolation parameters.
Price Discrimination in Many-to-Many Matching Markets !

We study second-degree price discrimination in markets where the product traded by the monopolist is access to other agents. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the welfareand the profit-maximizing mechanisms to employ a single network or a menu of non-exclusive networks. We characterize the optimal matching schedules under a wide range of preferences, derive implications for prices, and deliver testable predictions relating the structure of the optimal pricing strategies to conditions on the distribution of match qualities. Our analysis sheds light on the distortions associated with the private provision of broadcasting, health insurance and job matching services. JEL Classification Numbers:D82
Analysis and Design of Anti-Penetration Property of Ceramic/Metal Composite Target Plate

The property of anti-penetration plays a leading role in modern composite target plate. In order to research the mechanism of anti-penetration, a 12.7mm wadcutter was used to penetrate an AD95 Ceramic / Metal composite target plate. ANSYS / LS-DYNA non-linear finite element analysis software was applied to establish and mesh the model based on 3D Lagrange equation. A comparison was made between experimental and numerical analyzing results. A design is given by adding a constrained steel plate and analyzing the best thickness to maximize the property of anti-penetration. The research provides guidance not only for structure configuration and optimal design, also for penetration experiment in the future.
Distribution of pellets in the gastrointestinal tract. The influence on transit time exerted by the density or diameter of pellets

The influence on transit time exerted by the density or diameter of pellets has been established in six ileostomy subjects. An increase in density from 1·0 to 1·6 significantly increased the average transit time of pellets in the small intestine. The average transit time for the light and heavy pellets being 7 and 25 h respectively. The diameter of pellets is of minor significance. The findings suggest the use of density as a means of modifying the period of absorption of controlled‐release pellets.
Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy in Food Anaphylaxis

Specific immunotherapy (SIT) protocols for nutritional allergens have only recently been established with a focus on oral allergy syndrome because of pollen cross-reacting antibodies. For these patients, a substantial number of studies have been published suggesting benefits from SIT. The situation in true anaphylaxis to food allergens such as peanut allergy is more complex, and therapeutic strategies are based on individual protocols rather than controlled studies. However, in defined cases, SIT represents a promising approach for a durable protection from life-threatening risks after accidental ingestion.
Sparse short-distance connections enhance calcium wave propagation in a 3D model of astrocyte networks

Traditionally, astrocytes have been considered to couple via gap-junctions into a syncytium with only rudimentary spatial organization. However, this view is challenged by growing experimental evidence that astrocytes organize as a proper gap-junction mediated network with more complex region-dependent properties. On the other hand, the propagation range of intercellular calcium waves (ICW) within astrocyte populations is as well highly variable, depending on the brain region considered. This suggests that the variability of the topology of gap-junction couplings could play a role in the variability of the ICW propagation range. Since this hypothesis is very difficult to investigate with current experimental approaches, we explore it here using a biophysically realistic model of three-dimensional astrocyte networks in which we varied the topology of the astrocyte network, while keeping intracellular properties and spatial cell distribution and density constant. Computer simulations of the model suggest that changing the topology of the network is indeed sufficient to reproduce the distinct ranges of ICW propagation reported experimentally. Unexpectedly, our simulations also predict that sparse connectivity and restriction of gap-junction couplings to short distances should favor propagation while long–distance or dense connectivity should impair it. Altogether, our results provide support to recent experimental findings that point toward a significant functional role of the organization of gap-junction couplings into proper astroglial networks. Dynamic control of this topology by neurons and signaling molecules could thus constitute a new type of regulation of neuron-glia and glia-glia interactions.
Facial image prediction using exemplar-based algorithm and non-negative matrix factorization

Human aging face prediction is a popular research topic because of its various useful applications such as security system, missing persons search system, etc. In this study, we propose Exemplar-based Algorithm whose property considers the environment of human growth. Moreover, both the non-negative matrix factorization and linear interpolation methods are used to perform the prediction for six facial ROIs. In the proposed method, we employ the family images, in which each family member has more than one images at different ages. And we predict the image ROIs to replace the original ones to obtain the prediction result. However, it is difficult to collect the facial image ROI of families at various age, we also refer the databases from the internet. In experimental results, the correlation coefficient between the real and predicted images can reach 0.82. However, the factor such as expression and light in the reference images could result in lower correlation coefficient.
Scleral buckling for stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Both vitrectomy and scleral buckling have been used to treat patients with stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The standard procedure of scleral buckling for treatment of stage 4 ROP is encircling scleral buckling. The effectiveness of segmental scleral buckling is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze the surgical results of patients with stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity treated with either encircling or segmental scleral buckling. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the anatomic outcomes of 23 eyes (18 infants) with stage 4 A or B ROP treated with scleral buckling. Segmental buckling was used to treat 15 eyes with detachment limited to the temporal side of the retina, while 9 eyes with detachment involving both the nasal and temporal sides were treated with encircling scleral buckling. RESULTS Macular reattachment during a mean follow-up period of 34 months (range: 2 weeks to 9 years) was accomplished in 11 (79%) of the 14 eyes treated with segmental scleral buckling and 4 (44%) of the 9 eyes that received encircling scleral buckling. There were no intraoperative complications recorded. None of the eyes that achieved macular reattachment developed recurrent macular detachment during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Scleral buckling appears to be effective for treatment of stage 4 ROP. In patients with temporal side retinal detachment only, segmental scleral buckling provides adequate treatment for stage 4 ROP.
Parity, Mode of Delivery, and Pelvic Floor Disorders

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the associations between parity, mode of delivery, and pelvic floor disorders. METHODS: The prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse, stress urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and anal incontinence was assessed in a random sample of women aged 25–84 years by using the validated Epidemiology of Prolapse and Incontinence Questionnaire. Women were categorized as nulliparous, vaginally parous, or only delivered by cesarean. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each disorder were calculated with logistic regression, controlling for age, body mass index, and parity. RESULTS: In the 4,458 respondents the prevalence of each disorder was as follows: 7% prolapse, 15% stress urinary incontinence, 13% overactive bladder, 25% anal incontinence, and 37% for any one or more pelvic floor disorders. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of disorders between the cesarean delivery and nulliparous groups. The adjusted odds of each disorder increased with vaginal parity compared with cesarean delivery: prolapse = 1.82 (95% CI 1.04–3.19), stress urinary incontinence = 1.81 (95% CI 1.25–2.61), overactive bladder = 1.53 (95% CI 1.02–2.29), anal incontinence = 1.72 (95% CI 1.27–2.35), and any one or more pelvic floor disorders = 1.85 (95% CI 1.42–2.41). Number-needed-to-treat analysis revealed that 7 women would have to deliver only by cesarean delivery to prevent one woman from having a pelvic floor disorder. CONCLUSION: The risk of pelvic floor disorders is independently associated with vaginal delivery but not with parity alone. Cesarean delivery has a protective effect, similar to nulliparity, on the development of pelvic floor disorders when compared with vaginal delivery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II-2
Using visual analytics to detect problems in datasets collected from photo-sharing services

Datasets that are collected for research often contain millions of records and may carry hidden pitfalls that are hard to detect. This work demonstrates how visual analytics can be used for identifying problems in the spatial distribution of crawled photographic data in different datasets: Picasa Web Albums, Panoramio, Flickr and Geograph, chosen to be potential data sources for ongoing doctoral research. This poster summary describes a number of problems found in the datasets using visual analytics and suggests that greater attention should be paid to assessing the quality of data gathered from user-generated photographic content. This work is the first part of a three-year PhD project aimed at producing a pedestrian-routing system that can suggest attractive pathways extracted from user-generated photographic content.
A statistical study of binary and multiple clusters in the LMC

Based on the Bica et al. (1999) catalogue, we studied the star cluster system of the LMC and provide a new catalogue of all binary and multiple cluster candidates found. As a selection criterion we used a maximum separation of 1: 4 corresponding to 20 pc (assuming a distance modulus of 18.5 mag). We performed Monte Carlo simulations and produced artificial cluster distributions that we compared with the real one in order to check how many of the found cluster pairs and groups can be expected statistically due to chance superposition on the plane of the sky. We found that, depending on the cluster density, between 56% (bar region) and 12% (outer LMC) of the detected pairs can be explained statistically. We studied in detail the properties of the multiple cluster candidates. The binary cluster candidates seem to show a tendency to form with components of similar size. When possible, we studied the age structure of the cluster groups and found that the multiple clusters are predominantly young with only a few cluster groups older than 300 Myr. The spatial distribution of the cluster pairs and groups coincides with the distribution of clusters in general; however, old groups or groups with large internal age dierences are mainly located in the densely populated bar region. Thus, they can easily be explained as chance superpositions. Our findings show that a formation scenario through tidal capture is not only unlikely due to the low probability of close encounters of star clusters, and thus the even lower probability of tidal capture, but the few groups with large internal age dierences can easily be explained with projection eects. We favour a formation scenario as suggested by Fujimoto & Kumai (1997) in which the components of a binary cluster formed together and thus should be coeval or have small age dierences compatible with cluster formation time scales.
Point-Based Incremental Pruning for Monte-Carlo Tree Search

Monte-Carlo tree search (MCTS) combines the generality of stochastic simulation and the accuracy of tree search, which has attracted the great attention of scholars. However, the MCTS search requires a sufficient number of iterations to converge to a good solution, which is more difficult to optimize. In order to solve this problem, this paper presents a point-based incremental pruning (PIP) for Monte-Carlo tree search. Instead of reasoning about the whole policy trees space when pruning the cross-sums of the value functions during policy construction, our algorithm uses boundary belief points to perform exact pruning, and exploits intermediate points to perform approximate pruning by generating policy trees, then uses real-time belief states to get the optimal policy in policy execution. The theoretical analysis and empirical results indicate that PIP can speed up the tree search efficiently.
A case of Prader – Willi syndrome arising as a result of familial unbalanced translocation t(11;15)(q25;q13)

We report on a case of Prader‐Willi syndrome (PWS) with a true reciprocal unbalanced translocation, 45,XX,‐15,der(11)t(11;15)pat. The proposita was diagnosed clinically as having severe PWS. Molecular studies revealed loss of the paternal methylation pattern at locus D15S63 and a deletion encompassing the loci from at least D15S10 to D15S97 of paternal chromosome 15. FISH studies confirmed the deletion of 15q11‐q13 region and the presence of two telomeres on all chromosomes. The proposita's father, the father's sister and their mother are all carriers of the same balanced translocation t(11;15)(q25;q13). By genomic imprinting we would expect that if the father's sister were to give birth to a child with the same unbalanced translocation as the proband, it would be affected by Angelman syndrome.
Lte-advanced and 4g Wireless Communications: Part 2 Overload Control for Machine-type-communications in Lte-advanced System Rach Procedure Signaling Flow Ue Behaviors Ran Overload Control Method

INTRODUCTION Machine-Type-Communications (MTC) applications are automated applications, which involve communications between machines or devices without human intervention. Such applications are widely adopted in our everyday life [1]. Though cellular mobile networks could offer MTC ubiquitous network access service with widely deployed infrastructure, they were originally designed for voice call and simple messag-ing for Human-to-Human (H2H), Human-to-Machine (H2M) and Machine-to-Human (M2H) applications, which are different from MTC in essence. Thus, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) [2] standardizes the deployment of MTC applications in 3GPP networks (UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) and LTE). As suggested in [3], deployment of massive MTC devices would generate a huge amount of signaling/data flow that congests random access network (RAN) and core network (CN). The former issue, RAN overload, is still an open problem [3] for further research since no efficient contention resolution can fairly accommodate such massive accesses of MTC devices at present. Though various RAN level contention resolution mechanisms have been proposed in 3GPP meetings, none of them are widely acknowledged as the best solution. Even so, some methods are specified in [4] as workable solutions, and some mechanisms are interesting and informative from the view of research. Thus, in this article, we introduce different RAN overload resolution methods, and evaluate some of them by examining their performance under an agreed simulation scenario. Additionally, we also indicate the latest development of CN overload control methods in 3GPP LTE. This article is organized as follows. We give an overview of random access procedure (RACH procedure) in LTE to serve as the preliminary knowledge for RAN overload resolution method. We describe different kinds of RAN overload control methods and the issue of CN overload control in 3GPP LTE-A. After that, we provide a concrete performance evaluation followed by a detailed introduction about simulation settings presented later, some of which have not been introduced in the 3GPP specification but essential to the system performance. Then, as an extension of our previous simulation results [5], we compare these algorithms to pave the way for further study, which is followed by the conclusion. When an idle UE (user equipment) attempts to connect to the LTE network, it must RRC connection setup procedure whose signaling flow is shown in Fig. 1 [6, 7]. The first four signaling steps of the procedure, also known as random access procedure (RACH procedure), are introduced as follows. Random-Access Preamble Transmission — The first step …
Schema bandits for binary encoded combinatorial optimisation problems

We introduce the schema bandits algorithm to solve binary combinatorial optimisation problems, like the trap functions and NK landscape, where potential solutions are represented as bit strings. Schema bandits are inﬂuenced by two different areas in machine learning, evolutionary computation and multi-armed bandits. The schemata from the schema theorem for genetic algorithms are structured as hierarchical multi-armed bandits in order to focus the optimisation in promising areas of the search space. The proposed algorithm is not a standard genetic algorithm because there are no genetic operators involved. The schemata bandits are non standard schemata nets because one node can contain one or more schemata and the value of a node is computed using information from the schemata contained in that node. We show the efﬁciency of the designed algorithms for two binary encoded combinatorial optimisation problems.