Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complications after transcatheter aortic valve implantation using transfemoral and transapical approach in general anaesthesia

Background Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat degenerative heart valve disease. The implantation requires a highly specific and interdisciplinary management approach. Currently, TAVI is performed with the patient under local or general anaesthesia. Methods This study was a retrospective analysis of all TAVI procedures performed at the University Hospital of Regensburg between January 2009 and July 2015. All pre-, intra and postoperative data focusing on perioperative complications were recorded. Results A total of 853 transfemoral- and transapical-TAVI patients were included in the study. All patients underwent general anaesthesia. The ASA classifications were primarily 3–4. The average logistic EuroScores for the transfemoral- and transapical-TAVI patients were 18 ± 12% and 21 ± 15% (p = 0.002), respectively. The anaesthesia coverage time was 170 ± 49 min., including 37 ± 12 minutes for anaesthetic management. Overall, 458 complications were recorded; with pneumonia, acute renal failure, indication for a permanent pacemaker and non-extubation in the operating theatre the most frequently recorded complications. Conclusion In the present study, we showed that our patients’ outcomes are comparable to those reported in the available literature. Compared to TF, TA patients show an overall worse physical condition as well as a higher perioperative morbidity and mortality. Consequently TA patients need additional care and should only be operated in appropriately experienced medical centres.
Piecemeal Reform of Trade and Environmental Policy When Consumption Also Pollutes

We incorporate endogenous (price-responsive) consumption pollution into a dual trade model to assess welfare effects of coordinated trade and environmental piecemeal reform in a small, open and distorted economy. Pollution is generated by production and consumption. Producers control the level of pollution and face incentives to abate both types of pollution. We identify sufficient conditions for welfare-improving reforms of trade and environmental policies. An additional domestic environmental policy instrument must be imposed on exportables because of their supply response to foreign environmental taxes.
A Data-Driven Approach to Artificial Pancreas Verification and Synthesis

This paper presents a case study of a data driven approach to verification and parameter synthesis for artificial pancreas control systems which deliver insulin to patients with type-1 diabetes (T1D). We present a new approach to tuning parameters using non-deterministic data-driven models for human insulin-glucose regulation, which are inferred from patient data using multiple time scales. Taking these equations as constraints, we model the behavior of the entire closed loop system over a five-hour time horizon cast as an optimization problem. Next, we demonstrate this approach using patient data gathered from a previously conducted outpatient clinical study involving insulin and glucose data collected from 50 patients with T1D and 40 nights per patient. We use the resulting data-driven models to predict how the patients would perform under a PID-based closed loop system which forms the basis for the first commercially available hybrid closed loop device. Futhermore, we provide a re-tuning methodology which can potentially improve control for 82% of patients, based on the results of an exhaustive reachability analysis. Our results demonstrate that simple nondeterministic models allow us to efficiently tune key controller parameters, thus paving the way for interesting clinical translational applications.
Replantation of Avulsed Mature Permanent Teeth: Emergency Management. Report of Two Cases

Crown fractures and luxations are the most common dental injuries [2, 8] but avulsion is the most serious one. It represents between 8.7% and 30% of all the traumatic injuries [9]. It is the most urgent situation that can be seen in paediatric dentistry department, because the examination and the diagnosis have to be as fast as the treatment plan to enhance the prognosis. The immature permanent teeth are more frequently affected because of the short root and the periodental ligament laxity [10, 11].
Chronic Maternal Depression Is Associated with Reduced Weight Gain in Latino Infants from Birth to 2 Years of Age

Background Latino children are at increased risk for mirconutrient deficiencies and problems of overweight and obesity. Exposures in pregnancy and early postpartum may impact future growth trajectories. Objectives To evaluate the relationship between prenatal and postnatal maternal depressive symptoms experienced in pregnancy and infant growth from birth to 2 years of age in a cohort of Latino infants. Methods We recruited pregnant Latina mothers at two San Francisco hospitals and followed their healthy infants to 24 months of age. At 6, 12 and 24 months of age, infants were weighed and measured. Maternal depressive symptoms were assessed prenatally and at 4-6 weeks postpartum. Women who had high depressive symptoms at both time periods were defined as having chronic depression. Logistic mixed models were applied to compare growth curves and risk for overweight and underweight based on exposure to maternal depression. Results We followed 181 infants to 24 months. At 12 and 24 months, respectively, 27.4% and 40.5% were overweight, and 5.6% and 2.2% were underweight. Exposure to chronic maternal depression was associated with underweight (OR = 12.12, 95%CI 1.86-78.78) and with reduced weight gain in the first 2 years of life (Coef = -0.48, 95% CI -0.94—0.01) compared with unexposed infants or infants exposed to episodic depression (depression at one time point). Exposure to chronic depression was also associated with reduced risk for overweight in the first 2 years of life (OR 0.28, 95%CI 0.03-0.92). Conclusions Exposure to chronic maternal depression in the pre- and postnatal period was associated with reduced weight gain in the first two years of life and greater risk for failure to thrive, in comparison with unexposed infants or those exposed episodically. The infants of mothers with chronic depression may need additional nutritional monitoring and intervention.
ICSV 14 Cairns • Australia 9-12 July , 2007 EXPERIMENTAL MODAL ANALYSIS OF AN ACTIVELY CONTROLLED SCALED METRO VEHICLE CAR BODY

This paper deals with the experimental modal analysis of an a ctively controlled scaled laboratory model of a flexible metro vehicle car body. To investigat e such a control system a 1/10scaled laboratory model of a metro vehicle car body has been b uilt. Control forces are applied to the structure by two piezoelectric stack actuators mount ed in specially designed consoles, which are bonded to the side members of the structure. The car body itself is suspended in a test bed frame by four coil springs to obtain a free-free susp en ion configuration. An electrodynamic shaker is used to generate broad band excitation for ces, which in real operation enter the structure at the application points of the secondary sus pension system. The state feedback controller and the observer are designed by an LQR-based mod al weighting procedure implemented in Matlab/SIMULINK. To investigate the reduction of the amplitudes of the shaker induced vibrations a non-contact measurement utilizing a l aser scanning vibrometer is applied. In order to verify the achieved performance, open and closed loop disturbance-displacement transfer functions and the mode shape corresponding to spec ific natural modes are identified by an experimental modal analysis. Since the ride quality is ma inly influenced by the lowest global vibration modes, the investigation is focused on the first to rsional mode and a low vertical bending mode of the car body.
Program verification techniques for xml schema-based technologies

Representation and verification techniques for XML Schema types, structures, and applications, in a program verification system PVS are presented. Type derivations by restriction and extension as defined in XML Schema are represented in the PVS type system using predicate subtyping. Availability of parametric polymorphism in PVS makes it possible to represent XML sequences and sets via PVS theories. Powerful PVS logic capabilities are used to express complex constraints of XML Schema and its applications. Transaction verification methodology developed in the paper is grounded on declarative, logic-based specification of the frame constraints and the actual transaction updates. A sample XML application given in the paper includes constraints typical for XML schemas such as keys and referential integrity, and in addition ordering and range constraints. The developed proof strategy is demonstrated by a sample transaction verification with respect to this schema. The overall approach has a model theory based on the view of XML types and structures as theories.
On the Number of Water Molecules Necessary To Stabilize the Glycine Zwitterion

A thorough ab initio study of how the addition of successive water molecules shifts the gas phase zwitterion-neutral equilibrium of the amino acid glycine toward that of the solution phase is presented. Of particular interest is the number of water molecules necessary to stabilize the zwitterion, and how the solvent effects conformational preference. It is found that two water molecules can stabilize the glycine zwitterion, that is, give rise to a potential energy minimum with at least one vibrational level. The results are analyzed and explained using localized charge distributions. 35 refs., 11 figs., 4 tabs.
Incomplete inhibition of HIV infection results in more HIV infected lymph node cells by reducing cell death

HIV has been reported to be cytotoxic in vitro and in lymph node infection models. Using a computational approach, we found that partial inhibition of transmission which involves multiple virions per cell could lead to increased numbers of live infected cells if the number of viral DNA copies remains above one after inhibition, as eliminating the surplus viral copies reduces cell death. Using a cell line, we observed increased numbers of live infected cells when infection was partially inhibited with the antiretroviral efavirenz or neutralizing antibody. We then used efavirenz at concentrations reported in lymph nodes to inhibit lymph node infection by partially resistant HIV mutants. We observed more live infected lymph node cells, but with fewer HIV DNA copies per cell, relative to no drug. Hence, counterintuitively, limited attenuation of HIV transmission per cell may increase live infected cell numbers in environments where the force of infection is high.
A Survey on Data‐driven Dictionary‐based Methods for 3D Modeling

Dictionaries are very useful objects for data analysis, as they enable a compact representation of large sets of objects through the combination of atoms. Dictionary‐based techniques have also particularly benefited from the recent advances in machine learning, which has allowed for data‐driven algorithms to take advantage of the redundancy in the input dataset and discover relations between objects without human supervision or hard‐coded rules. Despite the success of dictionary‐based techniques on a wide range of tasks in geometric modeling and geometry processing, the literature is missing a principled state‐of‐the‐art of the current knowledge in this field. To fill this gap, we provide in this survey an overview of data‐driven dictionary‐based methods in geometric modeling. We structure our discussion by application domain: surface reconstruction, compression, and synthesis. Contrary to previous surveys, we place special emphasis on dictionary‐based methods suitable for 3D data synthesis, with applications in geometric modeling and design. Our ultimate goal is to enlight the fact that these techniques can be used to combine the data‐driven paradigm with design intent to synthesize new plausible objects with minimal human intervention. This is the main motivation to restrict the scope of the present survey to techniques handling point clouds and meshes, making use of dictionaries whose definition depends on the input data, and enabling shape reconstruction or synthesis through the combination of atoms.
Cardiometabolic Risk Profile and its Relation with the Waist Circumference to Height Ratio in Turkish School-Age Children

Cardiometabolic risk refers to a high risk for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes due to obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension [1, 2]. As the school-age children have increasingly common sedentary life styles and tendency to consume junk food, they have become more vulnerable to obesity and related cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF). These children should be defined and regularly controlled due to the increased morbidity and mortality risks later in adult life [1, 3, 4]. Although waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) are used as the major determinants of obesity, WC correlates more strongly with visceral adipose tissue than BMI, both in adults and in children. However, cardiometabolic risks are expected to be different between two people with the same WC, but different heights [5]. This study was designed to determine the cardiometabolic characteristics, BMI and WHtR of Turkish school-age children and to analyze whether WHtR could be utilised for screening the children with increased CMRF.
The endogenous cannabinoid anandamide inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation.

Anandamide was the first brain metabolite shown to act as a ligand of "central" CB1 cannabinoid receptors. Here we report that the endogenous cannabinoid potently and selectively inhibits the proliferation of human breast cancer cells in vitro. Anandamide dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 and EFM-19 cells with IC50 values between 0.5 and 1.5 microM and 83-92% maximal inhibition at 5-10 microM. The proliferation of several other nonmammary tumoral cell lines was not affected by 10 microM anandamide. The anti-proliferative effect of anandamide was not due to toxicity or to apoptosis of cells but was accompanied by a reduction of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. A stable analogue of anandamide (R)-methanandamide, another endogenous cannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and the synthetic cannabinoid HU-210 also inhibited EFM-19 cell proliferation, whereas arachidonic acid was much less effective. These cannabimimetic substances displaced the binding of the selective cannabinoid agonist [3H]CP 55, 940 to EFM-19 membranes with an order of potency identical to that observed for the inhibition of EFM-19 cell proliferation. Moreover, anandamide cytostatic effect was inhibited by the selective CB1 receptor antagonist SR 141716A. Cell proliferation was arrested by a prolactin mAb and enhanced by exogenous human prolactin, whose mitogenic action was reverted by very low (0.1-0.5 microM) doses of anandamide. Anandamide suppressed the levels of the long form of the prolactin receptor in both EFM-19 and MCF-7 cells, as well as a typical prolactin-induced response, i.e., the expression of the breast cancer cell susceptibility gene brca1. These data suggest that anandamide blocks human breast cancer cell proliferation through CB1-like receptor-mediated inhibition of endogenous prolactin action at the level of prolactin receptor.
Increasing Physical Activity With Mobile Devices: A Meta-Analysis

Background Regular physical activity has established physical and mental health benefits; however, merely one quarter of the U.S. adult population meets national physical activity recommendations. In an effort to engage individuals who do not meet these guidelines, researchers have utilized popular emerging technologies, including mobile devices (ie, personal digital assistants [PDAs], mobile phones). This study is the first to synthesize current research focused on the use of mobile devices for increasing physical activity. Objective To conduct a meta-analysis of research utilizing mobile devices to influence physical activity behavior. The aims of this review were to: (1) examine the efficacy of mobile devices in the physical activity setting, (2) explore and discuss implementation of device features across studies, and (3) make recommendations for future intervention development. Methods We searched electronic databases (PubMed, PsychINFO, SCOPUS) and identified publications through reference lists and requests to experts in the field of mobile health. Studies were included that provided original data and aimed to influence physical activity through dissemination or collection of intervention materials with a mobile device. Data were extracted to calculate effect sizes for individual studies, as were study descriptives. A random effects meta-analysis was conducted using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software suite. Study quality was assessed using the quality of execution portion of the Guide to Community Preventative Services data extraction form. Results Four studies were of “good” quality and seven of “fair” quality. In total, 1351 individuals participated in 11 unique studies from which 18 effects were extracted and synthesized, yielding an overall weight mean effect size of g = 0.54 (95% CI = 0.17 to 0.91, P = .01). Conclusions Research utilizing mobile devices is gaining in popularity, and this study suggests that this platform is an effective means for influencing physical activity behavior. Our focus must be on the best possible use of these tools to measure and understand behavior. Therefore, theoretically grounded behavior change interventions that recognize and act on the potential of smartphone technology could provide investigators with an effective tool for increasing physical activity.
Infantile Colic, Is There an Association With The Source Of Early Infant Nutrition?

The most frequently accepted definition of colic is that of Wessel of a well thriving infant who has paroxysms of crying lasting for three hours per day for more than three days a week for longer than three weeks [1]. Schmitt suggested the practical definition of “colic as an intermittent unexplained crying during the first three months that reaches a point where parents complain about it and starts before 2 weeks of age and usually stops by 3-4 months of age, it is not the result of bad parenting, nor caused by too much gas [2]. Colic’s onset usually occurs between the 2nd and 6th weeks of life and its disappearance around 3 months. Its prevalence ranges from 5% to 40% depending on the definition and methods used. It remains enigmatic, despite its relatively frequent occurrence. While apparently innocuous, an infant colic can prompt lasting parental distress [3-5]. Gastrointestinal causes [6-8], psychological causes [9-11] and hormonal factors “increase production of serotonin unopposed by the production of melatonin” [11-13] have been suggested for the colic’s development. Other investigators found the correlation between infant colic and allergic products of food and advised the use of hypoallergenic formula in the management of some cases of infant colic [14-16]. An interview of literature, doctors who study colic, have interesting observations: Colicky infants have an increased amount of the hormone motilin in their blood which stimulates gastrointestinal tract to cause cramping [17]. Colicky infants have abnormal contractility of the gallbladder and have increased intestinal permeability [18]. Recently, the composition of intestinal microflora has been attributed as an independent risk factor for colic. Studies indicate that inadequate amounts of lactobacillus and increased amounts of coliform bacteria like E coli, Klebsiellosis and anaerobes in the intestine may influence gut motor function and gas production which subsequently contributes to the occurrence of colic [19]. Replacing microflora Abstract
Type and Severity of Cognitive Decline in Older Adults after Noncardiac Surgery

Background:The authors investigated type and severity of cognitive decline in older adults immediately and 3 months after noncardiac surgery. Changes in instrumental activities of daily living were examined relative to type of cognitive decline. Methods:Of the initial 417 older adults enrolled in the study, 337 surgery patients and 60 controls completed baseline, discharge, and/or 3-month postoperative cognitive and instrumental activities of daily living measures. Reliable change methods were used to examine three types of cognitive decline: memory, executive function, and combined executive function/memory. SD cutoffs were used to grade severity of change as mild, moderate or severe. Results:At discharge, 186 (56%) patients experienced cognitive decline, with an equal distribution in type and severity. At 3 months after surgery, 231 patients (75.1%) experienced no cognitive decline, 42 (13.6%) showed only memory decline, 26 (8.4%) showed only executive function decline, and 9 (2.9%) showed decline in both executive and memory domains. Of those with cognitive decline, 36 (46.8%) had mild, 25 (32.5%) had moderate, and 16 (20.8%) had severe decline. The combined group had more severe impairment. Executive function or combined (memory and executive) deficits involved greater levels of functional (i.e., instrumental activities of daily living) impairment. The combined group was less educated than the unimpaired and memory groups. Conclusion:Postsurgical cognitive presentation varies with time of testing. At 3 months after surgery, more older adults experienced memory decline, but only those with executive or combined cognitive decline had functional limitations. The findings have relevance for patients and caregivers. Future research should examine how perioperative factors influence neuronal systems.
Endophytic Bacillus spp. from medicinal plants inhibit mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and promote plant growth

Abstract Plant growth-promoting bacteria that are also capable of suppressing plant pathogenic fungi play an important role in sustainable agriculture. There is a critical need for conducting research to discover, characterize and evaluate the efficacy of new strains of such bacteria in controlling highly aggressive plant pathogens. In this study, we isolated endophytic bacteria from medicinal plants of Bangladesh and evaluated their antagonistic capacity against an important phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Growth-promoting effects of those isolates on cucumber and rice seedlings were also assessed. Among 16 morphologically distinct isolates, BDR-2, BRtL-2 and BCL-1 significantly inhibited the growth of S. sclerotiorum through induction of characteristic morphological alterations in hyphae and reduction of mycelial dry weight. When cucumber and rice seeds were treated with these endophytic bacteria, seven isolates (BCL-1, BDL-1, BRtL-2, BRtL-3, BDR-1, BDR-2 and BBoS-1) enhanced seed germination, seedling vigor, seedling growth and number of roots per plant at a varying level compared to untreated controls. All isolates produced high levels of indole-3-acetic acid (6 to 63 μg/mL) in vitro. Two most potential isolates, BDR-2 and BRtL-2, were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and B. subtilis, respectively, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These results suggest that endophytic Bacillus species from native medicinal plants have great potential for being used as natural plant growth promoter and biopesticides in sustainable crop production.
A 5.8nW, 45ppm/°C on-chip CMOS wake-up timer using a constant charge subtraction scheme

This work presents an ultra-low power oscillator designed for wake-up timers in compact wireless sensors. A constant charge subtraction scheme removes continuous comparator delay from the oscillation period, which is the source of temperature dependence in conventional RC relaxation oscillators. This relaxes comparator design constraints, enabling low power operation. In 0. 18μm CMOS, the oscillator consumes 5.8nW at room temperature with temperature stability of 45ppm/°C (-10°C to 90°C) and 1%V line sensitivity.