Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute stress evokes sexually dimorphic, stressor-specific patterns of neural activation across multiple limbic brain regions in adult rats

Abstract Stress enhances the risk for psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. Stress responses vary across sex and may underlie the heightened vulnerability to psychopathology in females. Here, we examined the influence of acute immobilization stress (AIS) and a two-day short-term forced swim stress (FS) on neural activation in multiple cortical and subcortical brain regions, implicated as targets of stress and in the regulation of neuroendocrine stress responses, in male and female rats using Fos as a neural activity marker. AIS evoked a sex-dependent pattern of neural activation within the cingulate and infralimbic subdivisions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), lateral septum (LS), habenula, and hippocampal subfields. The degree of neural activation in the mPFC, LS, and habenula was higher in males. Female rats exhibited reduced Fos positive cell numbers in the dentate gyrus hippocampal subfield, an effect not observed in males. We addressed whether the sexually dimorphic neural activation pattern noted following AIS was also observed with the short-term stress of FS. In the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the amygdala, FS similar to AIS resulted in robust increases in neural activation in both sexes. The pattern of neural activation evoked by FS was distinct across sexes, with a heightened neural activation noted in the prelimbic mPFC subdivision and hippocampal subfields in females and differed from the pattern noted with AIS. This indicates that the sex differences in neural activation patterns observed within stress-responsive brain regions are dependent on the nature of stressor experience.
Schoolyard Characteristics, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behavior: Combining GPS and Accelerometry.

BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is decreasing among children, while sedentary behavior (SB) is increasing. Schoolyards seem suitable settings to influence children's PA behavior. This study investigated the associations between schoolyard characteristics and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and SB of children aged 8-11 years at schoolyards. METHODS Twenty primary schools in the Netherlands were involved. A total of 257 children wore an accelerometer and global positioning system (GPS) device for 5 consecutive days to objectively assess their PA levels and presence at the schoolyard, respectively. Accelerometer and GPS data were merged using the personal activity and location measurement system. Multilevel linear regression analyses were used to study correlates of MVPA and SB at schoolyards. RESULTS On average, children spent 54 minutes a day at the schoolyard, 9 minutes of which were spent in MVPA and 20 minutes in SB. Boys engaged in MVPA longer than girls at the schoolyard. Fixed equipment, such as high bars and soccer goals, teacher-initiated activities, and the presence of a ball games policy were correlates of more MVPA and less SB. CONCLUSION Well-designed schoolyards, including PA-enhancing fixed equipment, a supportive PA climate created by teachers, and supportive schoolyard policies may contribute to increased PA and decreased SB during school recess among school-aged children.
Early Surgery Confers 1-Year Mortality Benefit in Hip-Fracture Patients

Background: To evaluate the relationship between surgical timing and 1-year mortality in patients requiring hip fracture repair. Methods: We analyzed all 720 patients (>65 years) who had hip fracture surgery between March 2005 and February 2015, identifying patients by ICD-9 diagnosis and procedure codes using electronic data query. Mortality data were obtained from the institutional database, state and Social Security Death Indices. The relationship between surgical timing (defined as the interval from admission to the start of surgery) and 1-year mortality was assessed using a multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for baseline clinical status and surgical factors. Results: Among the 720 patients, 159 patients (22%) died within 1 year. The median time from admission to surgery was 30 hours. A linear relationship between the surgical timing and 1-year mortality was demonstrated. Delaying surgery was significantly associated with increased 1-year mortality, odds ratio 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02–1.08) per 10-hour delay (P = 0.001). Conclusions: A linear relationship was observed between surgical timing and 1-year mortality. Each 10-hour delay from admission to surgery was associated with an estimated 5% higher odds of 1-year mortality. Therefore, we suggest that hip fractures should be treated urgently similar to other time-sensitive pathology such as stroke and myocardial ischemia. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Donor Human Milk Protects against Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common complication after preterm birth. Pasteurized donor human milk (DHM) has increasingly become the standard of care for very preterm infants over the use of preterm formula (PF) if the mother’s own milk (MOM) is unavailable. Studies have reported beneficial effects of DHM on BPD. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies on the effects of DHM on BPD and other respiratory outcomes. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of RCTs could not demonstrate that supplementation of MOM with DHM reduced BPD when compared to PF (three studies, risk ratio (RR) 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60–1.32). However, meta-analysis of observational studies showed that DHM supplementation reduced BPD (8 studies, RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.67–0.90). An exclusive human milk diet reduced the risk of BPD, compared to a diet with PF and/or bovine milk-based fortifier (three studies, RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.68–0.95). Feeding raw MOM, compared to feeding pasteurized MOM, protected against BPD (two studies, RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62–0.96). In conclusion, our data suggest that DHM protects against BPD in very preterm infants.
A Novel Ensemble based Cluster Analysis using Similarity Matrices and Clustering Algorithm (SMCA)

today's world data analytics is gaining popularity due to user's motivation towards online data storage. This storage is not organized because of content types and data handling schemes complexity. User aims to retrieve data in lesser time with logical outcomes as desired can be achieved by applying data mining. Clustering in data mining is one of the known categorization approach used for formation of groups of similar elements having certain properties in common with other elements. This formation sometime creates noisy result in terms of formatted clusters. It depends on various factors such as distance measures, proximity values, objective functions, categorical or numerical attribute types etc. Over the last few years various schemes are suggested by different authors for improving the performance of tradition clustering algorithms. Among them, one is ensemble based clustering. Ensemble uses the mechanism for criteria selection from newly formed clusters with a defined portioning and joining methods to generate a single result instead of multiple solutions. The generation results are affected by various environmental parameters such as number of cluster, partitioning types, proximity values, objective function etc. This paper propose a novel SMCA based ensemble clustering algorithm for improvements over the existing issues defined in the paper. At the primary level of work and analytical evaluations, it shows the promising results in near future.
Propagation characteristics of massive MIMO measurements in a UMa scenario at 3.5 & 6 GHz with 100 & 200 MHz bandwidth

Massive multi-input and multi-output (MIMO), which uses large-scale antenna arrays to improve spatial efficiency, strengthen performance robustness, etc., is one of primary technologies of 5G wireless communication. To gain further insights into the massive MIMO channel, measurements with the virtual antenna array of the same structure (256 antennas at transmitter and 16 antennas at receiver) are performed in an urban macrocell scenario (UMa) at different frequencies (3.5 & 6 GHz) with different bandwidths (100 & 200 MHz). The enormous collected channel impulse responses enable us to present comparative results including the power delay profile, delay spread and extract angular parameters via SAGE algorithm. Furthermore, angle spread values are illustrated as a direct reflection of massive MIMO channel propagation, then we present comparative channel capacity results. Collectively, these results will shed light on the design of massive MIMO system in UMa environments.
To sell or not to sell: Exploring sellers' trust and risk of chargeback fraud in cross‐border electronic commerce

Over the past few decades, chargeback fraud from buyers has been identified as a major risk faced by online sellers, particularly small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises, in cross‐border electronic commerce. However, most previous studies have focused on trust and perceived risk from the buyers' perspective and in domestic online marketplaces, while neglecting the importance of sellers' trust and perceived risk in the success of online transactions and the significance of cross‐border transactions. To fill this gap in the literature, this study examines both the antecedents and the impacts of sellers' trust in buyers and their perceived risk of chargeback fraud on sellers' intention to trade with buyers in the context of cross‐border e‐commerce. To this end, we develop a conceptual model that identifies a set of institutional mechanisms to enhance sellers' trust and reduce their perceived risk. Hypotheses are tested via a survey of 443 sellers on DHgate.com, one of the major cross‐border e‐commerce websites connecting the small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises of mainland China with overseas buyers. Our research makes concrete contributions to e‐commerce research and generates useful insights for third‐party online transaction platforms and online trade policy makers.
Suppression of the IgM Response by Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation in Human Primary B Cells Involves Impairment of Immunoglobulin Secretory Processes

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) activation by 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is well established at suppressing humoral immunity. Previous studies in mouse B cells revealed that decreased IgM production was due to a significant suppression in the mRNA levels of the immunoglobulin M components (IgH, IgJ, and Igκ chains) and subsequent decrease in IgM synthesis. In contrast, the current study shows that activation of AHR in human B cells also results in a significant suppression of the number of IgM-secreting cells, but this is not due to a decrease in the transcription or translation of IgH, IgJ, and Igκ chains. Instead, the reduced humoral response is due to the impairment of IgM secretion. This is further evidenced by an accumulation of intracellular IgM in human B cells, which indicates that activation of AHR alters distinct regulatory pathways in human and mouse B cells leading to the suppressed primary IgM response. Collectively, these results demonstrate that although AHR activation mediates suppression of humoral immune responses across many different animal species, the mechanism of action is not necessarily conserved across species.
Design of slot antenna array for tracking radar using particle swarm optimization

This work presents the design of slot antenna array for tracking radar applications at X-band (9.375 GHz). To meet the requirements of tracking radar, sum pattern array of 3 × 6 is synthesized using particle swarm optimization (PSO), while the difference pattern array of 2 × 5 is synthesis by using Bayliss current distribution technique. The sum pattern array has a feeding structure based on 3 element inclined slot array and difference pattern array has opposite excitation. From full wave simulation, the gain for sum pattern is noted to be 16.84 dB with a side lobe level of — 18.59 dB. The depth of principal null for difference pattern is equal to — 27.2dB. It is also observed from simulations that VSWR < 2 is for both cases. Furthermore, the overall difference between sum and difference patterns is 43.9 dB at θ = 0°.
Personality, movie preferences, and recommendations

Personality is an important factor that influences people's decisions, actions, and tastes. While previous research has used surveys to establish a connection between personality and media preferences, to date there has been no research that connects these attributes to users' opinions of and use of recommender systems nor to their movie rating and viewing histories. In this paper, we present our results on the relationship between personality and users' movie preferences, and their opinions about, use of, and trust in recommender systems. Using surveys and analysis of system data for 73 Netflix users, we show correlations between personality and preferences for specific movie genres that replicate and extend previous results. Our most significant result is that the personality trait of Conscientious is consistently positively correlated with a higher opinion about the usefulness and trustworthiness of recommendations, self-reports of how frequently they were used, and ratings of recommended items. We discuss the implications these results have for evaluating and improving recommender systems.
Direct Imaging of Minority Charge Carrier Transport in Luminescent Semiconductors

Abstract : A quantitative method for extracting minority carrier diffusion and drift lengths is developed and demonstrated in a heavily-doped semiconductor heterostructure. This method advances the high resolution transport imaging technique yielding key material parameters with a single non-destructive measurement. This is the first demonstration of an SEM-based contact-free non-destructive technique for high-resolution minority carrier lifetime measurement. The measured values are in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations. The imaging transport technique is also employed to image the nature of the generation region as a function of beam energy probe current and sample atomic number. These types of images should be useful to allow for experimental verification of resolution limits in CL and EBIC associated with interaction volume effects in bulk materials and can be obtained without additional sample preparation. Finally several suggestions for further research are offered including mapping of radiation damage in solar cells near-contact E field mapping and studies of low-dimensional structures such as superlattices and quantum wires. These nanoscale structures are poised to usher-in the next revolution in solid-state electronic devices.
Theoretical aspects of antimatter and gravity

In this short contribution, I review the physical case of studying the gravitational properties of antimatter from a theoretical perspective. I first discuss which elements are desirable for any theory where the long-range interactions between matter and antimatter differ from those of matter with itself. Afterwards I describe the standard way to hide the effects of new forces in matter–matter interactions which still allows one to generate ponderable matter–antimatter interactions. Finally, I comment on some recent ideas and propose some possible future directions. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Antiproton physics in the ELENA era’.
Sulodexide pretreatment attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

Sulodexide is a potent antithrombin agent, however, whether it has beneficial effects on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains unknown. In the present study, we assessed the therapeutic effects of sulodexide in renal IRI and tried to investigate the potential mechanism. One dose of sulodexide was injected intravenously in Sprague-Dawley rats 30 min before bilateral kidney ischemia for 45 min. The animals were sacrificed at 3h and 24h respectively. Our results showed that sulodexide pretreatment improved renal dysfunction and alleviated tubular pathological injury at 24h after reperfusion, which was accompanied with inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation and cell apoptosis. Moreover, we noticed that antithrombin III (ATIII) was activated at 3h after reperfusion, which preceded the alleviation of renal injury. For in vitro study, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury model for HK2 cells was carried out and apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were evaluated after sulodexide pretreatment. Consistently, sulodexide pretreatment could reduce apoptosis and ROS level in HK2 cells under H/R injury. Taken together, sulodexide pretreatment might attenuate renal IRI through inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis, and activation of ATIII.
Clinical Features of Friedreich Ataxia

Friedreich ataxia, the most common hereditary ataxia, affects approximately 1 per 29,000 white individuals. In about 98% of these individuals, it is due to homozygosity for a GAA trinucleotide repeat expansion in intron 1 of FXN; in the other 2%, it is due to compound heterozygosity for a GAA expansion and point mutation or deletion. The condition affects multiple sites in the central and peripheral nervous system as well as a number of other organ systems, resulting in multiple signs and symptoms. Onset of this autosomal recessive condition is usually in the first 2 decades of life. Major clinical features include progressive ataxia, absent lower limb reflexes, upgoing plantar responses, and peripheral sensory neuropathy. The main nonneurological sites of morbidity are the heart, resulting in cardiomyopathy, and the pancreas, resulting in diabetes mellitus. In this review, we provide an overview of the clinical features of Friedreich ataxia and discuss differential diagnoses.
Restoration of conformation of mutant p53.

Background: Compounds correcting the mutated anti-tumor protein p53 have been sought since its discovery almost 30 years ago. This transcription factor has a role in the regulation of DNA repair, metabolism, invasion and metastasis, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Between 50-60% of human tumors contain a mutated form of the p53 gene TP53, making it the most commonly mutated gene in human cancer [1] and almost 2000 mutations have been identified. In contrast to other tumor suppressor genes, TP53 is commonly inactivated by a missense mutation, leading to a single amino acid substitution which suppresses the transcriptional activation function of wild type p53. However, an increasing number of the resulting mutant proteins have been shown to have gain-offunction (GOF) properties contributing to the oncogenic potential, including invasive and metastatic properties [1-3]. Hence, mutant p53 can be oncogenic despite wild-type (wt) p53 being a tumor suppressor. Mutant p53 protein may be a driver of tumorigenesis either by binding to DNA, to transcription factors or co-factors directly or as part of aggregates. There is also evidence for a complex
Compact semiconductor laser sources for photoacoustic imaging

We present a multi-wavelength semiconductor laser source for photoacoustic imaging. We discuss the abilities of the system and its limitations. In detail we analyze how this laser diode system might be used to increase the spectral contrast of ultrasonic systems. In a first test set-up we prove in principle the spectral sensitivity of this device.
A Semantic Web Model for Ad Hoc Context-aware Virtual Communities - Application to the Smart Place Scenario

In this paper, we propose a model for an open framework that allows mobile users to create and to participate to context-aware virtual communities. The model we propose and implement is a generic data model fully compliant with the semantic web data model RDF. This model is suited to let mobile end-users use, create and customize virtual communities. We combine fundamentals for a decentralized semantic web social network with context-aware virtual communities and services. Smart cities scenarios are typically targeted with this approach. It can be implemented in places like metro stations, museums, squares, cinemas, etc. to provide ad hoc context-aware information services to mobile users.
Body-specific representations of action verbs: Neural evidence from right- and left-handers

According to theories of embodied cognition, understanding a verb like throw involves unconsciously simulating the action of throwing, using areas of the brain that support motor planning. If understanding action words involves mentally simulating one’s own actions, then the neurocognitive representation of word meanings should differ for people with different kinds of bodies, who perform actions in systematically different ways. In a test of the body-specificity hypothesis, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare premotor activity correlated with action verb understanding in right- and left-handers. Right-handers preferentially activated the left premotor cortex during lexical decisions on manual-action verbs (compared with nonmanual-action verbs), whereas left-handers preferentially activated right premotor areas. This finding helps refine theories of embodied semantics, suggesting that implicit mental simulation during language processing is body specific: Right- and left-handers, who perform actions differently, use correspondingly different areas of the brain for representing action verb meanings.
A Game Theoretic Approach Based Access Control Mechanism

In ubiquitous computing environment, resources become invisible, heterogeneous and anywhere. Traditional access control mechanism could not handle such dynamic and complex environment. In our proposed work, we view access control mechanism as a non-cooperative game. Thus, a game theoretic model for access control has been proposed to assist such mechanism. Different from traditional one, which depended on complex policies for decision-making, our model uses game theory to evaluate all possible results and select the most expected one as final decision. In the end, a practical example has been presented and its result shows that our access control model is more suitable for nowadays dynamic access control environment.
Progressive noradrenergic deficits in the locus coeruleus of Mecp2 deficient mice

Methyl‐CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is a transcriptional regulator. Mutations in this gene cause a wide range of neurological disorders. Mecp2 deficiency has been previously associated to catecholaminergic dysfunctions leading to autonomic defects in the brainstem and the sympathoadrenergic system of the mouse. The present study was undertaken to determine if the locus coeruleus (LC), the main noradrenergic cell group of the brain, is affected. Using real type PCR, we found a reduction of the tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) mRNA level, the rate‐limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis, in the whole pons of P15 (‐36%), P30 (‐47%) and P50 (‐42%) Mecp2 null male as well as in adult heterozygous female (‐44%) mice. Using immunoquantification we did not observe any difference of the Th staining level in P30 null male mice. However at P50, we demonstrated a significant decrease in both the Th staining level (‐24%), and the number of Th‐positive neurons (‐23%). We subsequently characterized a reduction (‐28%) of the dendritic density of the Th‐positive fibers surrounding the LC in P50 null male mice. In heterozygous female mice immunoquantification did not revealed significant modifications, but only a tendency towards reduction. Finally, we did not found any apoptotic neurons in the pons indicating that LC neurons are not dying but are more likely loosing their catecholaminergic phenotype. In conclusion, our results showing a progressive catecholaminergic deficit in the LC of Mecp2 deficient null male mice could open new perspectives to better understand the autonomic and cognitive deficits due to the lack of Mecp2. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.