Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anticipatory Resource Allocation for ML Training

Our analysis of a large public cloud ML training service shows that resources remain unused likely because users statically (over-)allocate resources for their jobs given a desire for predictable performance, and state-of-the-art schedulers do not exploit idle resources lest they slow down some jobs excessively. We consider if an anticipatory scheduler, which schedules based on predictions of future job arrivals and durations, can improve over the state-of-the-art. We find that realizing gains from anticipation requires dealing effectively with prediction errors, and even the best predictors have errors that do not conform to simple models (such as bounded or i.i.d. error). We devise a novel anticipatory scheduler called SIA that is robust to such errors. On real workloads, SIA reduces job latency by an average of 2.83× over the current production scheduler, while reducing the likelihood of job slowdowns by orders of magnitude relative to schedulers that naïvely share resources.
Balanced phosphorus fertilization on grassland in a mixed grazing and mowing system: a 13-year field experiment.

In the Netherlands the legal phosphorus (P) application standard is decreasing from the year 2006 to 2013, to balanced P fertilization (input equals output). The long term effect of balanced P fertilization on grassland is estimated by simulations, not in experiments. In a field experiment from 1997 to 2009 the development in time of dry matter (DM) yield and P content of grass at balanced P fertilization is compared with positive P surpluses at two N levels on four permanent grassland sites (sand1 and sand2, clay and peat). The plots were grazed and mown. Three P surpluses (0, 10 and 20 kg P ha–1 yr–1) and two N surpluses (180 and 300 kg N ha–1 yr–1) were applied. The mean DM yield at balanced P fertilization was lower than at 20 kg P ha–1 yr–1 surplus, 690 kg DM ha–1 yr–1 on sand and 526 kg DM ha–1 yr–1 on peat. On clay the difference was reversed. The average P content of the grass at a surplus of 20 kg P ha–1 was 0.3 g P kg–1 DM higher than at balanced P fertilization. At all locations, except on clay, the P content of grass from balanced P fertilization declined to values below the Dutch standard for grass in dairy cattle rations with silage maize.
Planktonic foraminiferal species in Pacific sediments

"Planktonic species of foraminifera in the Recent sediments of the Pacific are discussed within the framework of a modified classification. Two families, Globigerinidae and Globorotaliidae, are represented. The family affiliation of Globigerinita and Candeina is uncertain. Genera are reclassified with added stress on the characteristic of some to have long, thin spines as a floating mechanism. Three new species, Globigerina calida, Globorotalia pumilio, and Globigerinita iota, are described. Gross distributional data in the south Pacific are given for each species. "
Satellite‐based assessment of the impact of sea‐surface winds on regional atmospheric circulations over the Korean Peninsula

In order to clarify the impact of sea‐wind satellite‐data assimilation under fair and calm weather conditions over the Korean Peninsula, several numerical experiments were carried out. The numerical model used in this study was the Fifth Mesoscale Model (MM5), verified by many previous studies; satellite data of sea winds were gathered by the QuikSCAT sensor launched on ADEOS II. During the daytime, the change in mesoscale circulations according to the assimilation of sea‐wind data increased in the coastal area and decreased deep inland. Although variations in mesoscale circulations due to satellite‐based sea‐wind data assimilation occurred near the coastal area, the mixing height far inland over the Korean Peninsula often changed according to the intensity of inflow from the surrounding seas and that of the topographic effect. In this study, a lower mixing height inland was generated by a numerical simulation using QuikSCAT sea‐wind data assimilation. The lower mixing height was caused by strong westerly and weak easterly winds from the Yellow Sea and the East Sea, respectively. The validation of the sea‐wind influence was verified quantitatively by RMSD and IOA analyses. The accuracy of weather forecasting increased at the East Sea and Korea Strait and decreased at the Yellow Sea. These different accuracy levels were caused by the inhomogeneity of sea‐wind data quality. The maintenance of the uniform quality of satellite‐based data on sea wind is an important factor in the reasonable forecasting of mesoscale circulations.
Real Estate & Planning Working Papers in Real Estate & Planning 14 / 1 1

We evaluate a number of real estate sentiment indices to ascertain current and forward-looking information content that may be useful for forecasting the demand and supply activities. Our focus lies on sector-specific surveys targeting the players from the supply-side of both residential and non-residential real estate markets. Analyzing the dynamic relationships within a Vector Auto-Regression (VAR) framework, we test the efficacy of these indices by comparing them with other coincident indicators in predicting real estate returns. Overall, our analysis suggests that sentiment indicators convey important information which should be embedded in the modeling exercise to predict real estate market returns. Generally, sentiment indices show better information content than broad economic indicators. The goodness of fit of our models is higher for the residential market than for the non-residential real estate sector. The impulse responses, in general, conform to our theoretical expectations. Variance decompositions and out-of-sample predictions generally show desired contribution and reasonable improvement respectively, thus upholding our hypothesis. Quite remarkably, consistent with the theory, the predictability swings when we look through different phases of the cycle. This perhaps suggests that, e.g. during recessions, market players‟ expectations may be more accurate predictor of the future performances, conceivably indicating a „negative‟ information processing bias and thus conforming to the precautionary motive of consumer behaviour.
Sorry Seems to be the Hardest Word: Reinforcing Institutional Identities through Newspaper Apologies for Racist Past

ABSTRACT Following the early twenty-first Century’s “age of apologies,” news organizations have been among the institutions apologizing for their historical role in promoting racist rhetoric by directly addressing their inherent racialized biases. Guided by literature on organizational and racial apologia bolstered by the theory of “institutional myth”, this study analyzes 13 apologies published by 12 media organizations to understand how they are performing and communicating reparative actions towards communities of color. Despite their long role in promoting harmful stereotypes and in some cases a complete erasure of narrative from communities of color, news organizations presented “surface-level” apologies that paved the initial path to reconciliation. However, these organizations vigorously defend and uphold the institutional myth of established journalism norms and practices that have been instrumental in their failures, which have led to these apologies. We argue that the reparative work of journalism needs to start by creating an inclusive journalistic paradigm that centers on the ideologies and voices of all groups within our society.
Perception of Malaysian Consumers Towards Probiotics in Fermented Foods and Their Benefits to Human Health

Consumers demonstrated an increase in awareness and interest in food that are closely associated with health benefits. As such, consumers are interested in consuming probiotic products and foods. Probiotics are bacteria that offer various benefits to human health when consumed in sufficient quantities. Numerous probiotic products have been listed, including fermented foods that contain probiotics that are beneficial to human health. Hence, consumers should be aware of these products. This study aimed to analyze the knowledge and awareness of consumers about probiotics and their benefits to human health and to evaluate the perception of consumers towards probiotics in fermented foods based on the socio-demographic profiles. The questionnaire was developed using Google Forms and distributed through social media. The data was analyzed using SPSS software. 150 respondents were involved, but only 133 of the data were selected. Descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the frequency of data from the socio-demographic profiles. Meanwhile, statistical analyses using chi-square analysis was conducted to identify significant difference at p-value < 0.05 between consumers’ socio-demographic profile and their awareness, knowledge, and perceptions of probiotics and probiotics in fermented food. Overall, the survey indicated that consumers were well aware of, and had the knowledge and good perceptions towards probiotics and their presence in fermented foods.
Subduction-related Eocene shoshonites from the Cenozoic Urumieh-Dokhrat magmatic arc (Qaleh-Khargooshi area, West of the Yazd province, Iran)

The fifth phase of Eocene volcanism in the central part of the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc (UDMA), comprises lavas with shoshonitic characteristics, ranging from trachybasalt to trachydacite. In shoshonites of the Qaleh-Khargooshi area, leucite changes to analcime, analcime to albite, sanidine to albite and anorthoclase, and clinopyroxene to albite. These reactions, together with other field, petrographic and geochemical features, are evidence of an original absarokitic magma which was changing to generate the different rock units. The parental magma of these shoshonites was produced by a low degree of partial melting from a metasomatized enriched mantle source. During the ascent of shoshonitic magma through the continental crust, crustal contamination, chemical changes and mineralogical transformations took place. The geochemistry of these shoshonitic rocks is similar to potassic volcanic rocks of continental arcs or convergent margins.
Precision Medicine in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review Framed by Lived Experience

Purpose of review: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) for which many treatments exist that have been shown to prevent CKD progression and kidney failure. However, DKD is a complex and heterogeneous etiology of CKD with a spectrum of phenotypes and disease trajectories. In this narrative review, we discuss precision medicine approaches to DKD, including genomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and their potential role in the management of diabetes mellitus and DKD. A patient and caregivers of patients with lived experience with CKD were involved in this review. Sources of information: Original research articles were identified from MEDLINE and Google Scholar using the search terms “diabetes,” “diabetic kidney disease,” “diabetic nephropathy,” “chronic kidney disease,” “kidney failure,” “dialysis,” “nephrology,” “genomics,” “metabolomics,” and “proteomics. ” Methods: A focused review and critical appraisal of existing literature regarding the precision medicine approaches to the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of diabetes and DKD framed by a patient partner’s/caregiver’s lived experience. Key findings: Distinguishing diabetic nephropathy from CKD due to other types of DKD and non-DKD is challenging and typically requires a kidney biopsy for a diagnosis. Biomarkers have been identified to assist with the prediction of the onset and progression of DKD, but they have yet to be incorporated and evaluated relative to clinical standard of care CKD and kidney failure risk prediction tools. Genomics has identified multiple causal genetic variants for neonatal diabetes mellitus and monogenic diabetes of the young that can be used for diagnostic purposes and to specify antiglycemic therapy. Genome-wide-associated studies have identified genes implicated in DKD pathophysiology in the setting of type 1 and 2 diabetes but their translational benefits are lagging beyond polygenetic risk scores. Metabolomics and proteomics have been shown to improve diagnostic accuracy in DKD, have been used to identify novel pathways involved in DKD pathogenesis, and can be used to improve the prediction of CKD progression and kidney failure as well as predict response to DKD therapy. Limitations: There are a limited number of large, high-quality prospective observational studies and no randomized controlled trials that support the use of precision medicine based approaches to improve clinical outcomes in adults with or at risk of diabetes and DKD. It is unclear which patients may benefit from the clinical use of genomics, metabolomics and proteomics along the spectrum of DKD trajectory. Implications: Additional research is needed to evaluate the role of the use of precision medicine for DKD management, including diagnosis, differentiation of diabetic nephropathy from other etiologies of DKD and CKD, short-term and long-term risk prognostication kidney outcomes, and the prediction of response to and safety of disease-modifying therapies.
Impact of wind on the dispersion of contaminants in the Lebanese northern marine area

Batroun coastal marine zone – North Lebanon – is subjected to the discharges of two terrestrial sources of contamination, the phosphate plant of Selaata and AlJaouz River. In the aim to study their impact on the horizontal variability of sea water characteristics at short spatio-temporal scale, the displacement of water masses was followed under different wind conditions through the movement of a free drifting drogue. The wind regime played an essential role in the displacement and spreading of various contaminants over a wide area. The impact of Selaata chemical plant was shown not to be limited to Batroun marine area but its impact may invade further neighbouring northern marine area of the Lebanese coast.
Illinois River dredged sediment: Characterization and utility for brownfield reclamation

Brownfield reclamation in some ways is similar to surface mine reclamation. The similarities are that in both cases there is a large area of once productive ground that was severely impacted as part of a no-longer active resource extraction or augmentation industry. The differences include possible toxic soils or substrate and generally a lack of nearby quality soil for the brownfields given their typically urban settings. In contrast, reclamation is now part of a surface mining permit, soils are stockpiled to be replaced after mining, or topsoil substitutes are located and approved to serve as a final cover at a mine site. Brownfields, however, are usually located in urban areas where topsoils are difficult to obtain and transport. We conducted a large field demonstration project involving a brownfield in Chicago that was reclaimed with dredged spoils from the Illinois River. Disposal of dredged spoil often presents a problem in and of itself, and utilization as a topsoil substitute presents several advantages. In the case of the Peoria River sediments, the chemical and physical attributes are generally favorable as a topsoil substitute. These sediments tend to be fine textured, Silty Clay Loams and Silty Clays with about 3-5% organic matter content. Metal content is typically elevated above reference soils, but is generally not a problem. This paper presents our experience with this reclamation approach.
Effect of Ferulago lutea (Poir.) Grande Essential Oil on Molecular Hallmarks of Skin Aging

With the increase in global life expectancy, maintaining health into old age becomes a challenge, and research has thus concentrated on various strategies which aimed to mitigate the effects of skin aging. Aromatic plants stand out as promising sources of anti-aging compounds due to their secondary metabolites, particularly essential oils (EOs). The aim of this study was to ascribe to Ferulago lutea EO several biological activities that could be useful in the context of skin aging. The EO was obtained using hydrodistillation and characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The anti-inflammatory potential was assessed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. The effect on cell migration was disclosed using scratch wound assay. Lipogenesis was induced using T0901317, hyperpigmentation with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxantine (IBMX) and senescence with etoposide. Our results show that the EO was characterized mainly by α-pinene and limonene. The EO was able to decrease nitric oxide (NO) release as well as iNOS and pro-IL-1β protein levels. The EO promoted wound healing while decreasing lipogenesis and having depigmenting effects. The EO also reduced senescence-associated β-galactosidase, p21/p53 protein levels and the nuclear accumulation of γH2AX. Overall, our study highlights the properties of F. lutea EO that make it a compelling candidate for dermocosmetics applications.
Land Use Changes in Gediz Delta (Turkey) and Their Negative Impacts on Wetland Habitats

ABSTRACT Bolca, M. ; Özen, F. , and Güneş, A. , 2014. Land use changes in Gediz Delta (Turkey) and their negative impacts on wetland habitats. In this research, we investigate Izmir Bird Paradise, which is located on the coast of Gediz Delta (Turkey) and is protected via the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, Especially as Waterfowl Habitat (International Ramsar Agreement). We determined land use changes in salty–alkali areas and changes in biological habitats by using remote sensing techniques and geographic information systems (GIS). We determined temporal changes in different types of land by using 1/20,000 scaled aerial photos of the research area from 1963 and 1996 and Quickbird satellite images with 61-cm resolution from 2005 and 2010. We noted existing biological changes in the same period by associating them with different land use types. At the end of the research, we studied changes to biological habitats in wetlands in coastal Gediz Delta due to the pressures of urban and industrial settlements and agricultural areas. According to the data, between 1963 and 2010 there was a ∼84.40% increase in urban–industrial settlements, a ∼13.74% increase in agricultural areas, and a ∼65.59% increase in saltpan areas. On the other hand, there was a ∼37.65% decrease in habitat and nutrition areas of biological variations (bird habitat, wetland flora, and fauna), a ∼41.54% decrease in coastal–sand dune–salty alkali areas, and a ∼30.63% decrease in swamp and wetland areas. As a result of these changes, numerous species in the wetlands have died or decreased.
EUTROPHICATION MODELING FOR ESTUARINE WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT

This paper presents an overview of estuarine eutrophication modeling for water quality management. The current modeling approach is first presented, followed by a discussion of key model components in estuarine models. Field data are shown to play a key role in supporting model development and calibration. The issue of linking different model components is also discussed. Finally, select case studies of modeling estuaries and tidal rivers are presented to demonstrate recent applications.
Unveiling Apple Diversity: The Quality of Juice Produced from Old vs. Commercial Apple Cultivars

This research is focused on comparing the compositions of juice produced from old and commercially grown apple cultivars. We examined factors such as pH, total acids, soluble dry matter, polyphenol profile, and antioxidant activity, which impact the attributes, safety, shelf life, and nutritional value of the juice. Our analysis revealed differences between these two groups of cultivars. For instance, pH values ranged from 3.04 (in ‘Bobovec’) to 3.69 (in ‘Fuji’). The proportions of acids varied from 0.07 g/100 mL (in ‘Fuji’) to 0.19 g/100 mL (in ‘Wagener’). Soluble dry matter content ranged from 14.10% (in ‘Fuji’) to 18.50% (in ‘Kraljevčica’). We also observed variations in sugar content and composition among cultivars; for example, sucrose levels varied from 16.11 g/L (‘Fuji’) to 39.36 g/L (‘Golden Delicious). Glucose levels ranged from 4.95 g/L (‘Jonagold’) to 19.18 g/L (‘Fuji’), while fructose levels spanned from 50.78 g/L (‘Austrougarka’) to 427.97 g/L (‘Ilzer Rosenapfel’). Furthermore, old apple cultivars exhibited higher concentrations of phenols and flavonoids compared to commercial ones; we also noted significant variations in flavonol levels among different cultivars. The ‘Wagener’ and ‘Božićnica’ apple varieties had levels of myricetin measuring 0.53 and 0.52 µg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, ‘Bobovec’ stood out for its content of procyanidin B2 with a concentration of 422.61 µg/mL. When examining non-flavonoid compounds, it was found that old apple cultivars had higher concentrations of gallic acid, trans-ferulic acid, and chlorogenic acid. However, commercial cultivars showed dominance in caffeic and p-coumaric. Comparisons of antioxidant capacity using DPPH and ABTS assays clearly demonstrated the superiority of old apple cultivars. Overall, this study highlights the importance of utilizing apple cultivars for juice production. Their distinct compositions and higher antioxidant capacities contribute to potential health benefits. Preserving these cultivars for enhanced juice quality and nutritional value is encouraged. Further research could explore cultivation practices’ impact on composition and health benefits.
A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR GLOBAL ESTIMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FLOW

There is a great concern for water resources scarcity all over the world, and global modeling of water resources assessment is required for many reasons. Environmental flow has become one of major water users in some part of the world and is estimated to grow rapidly in other part of the world, but its global estimation has not been carried out. Many studies and practices in various countries are overviewed to pick up significant factors which affect the setting procedure of environmental flow in a wide variety of regions. Those factors are then categorized into three types; climate, geographical, and human dimensions. The world can be divided to sub regions using these factors, and then appropriate environmental flow methods will be applied to each sub region to assess environmental flow requirement.
Spatiotemporal variability of precipitation concentration in Pakistan

Precipitation is a meteorological variable that plays a vital role in determining water resources and managing water risks. The intensity and frequency of precipitation extremes have increased in recent years; however, the changes in precipitation regimes across Pakistan remain unclear. This study analysed spatial and temporal changes in the precipitation concentration index (PCI) and concentration index (CI) from 100 meteorological stations across Pakistan from 1981 to 2017. Using innovative trend analysis (ITA) and Pettitt's test, we detected trends and change points in the annual and wet season PCI and CI. Additionally, we examined the relationship between PCI/CI values and latitude and altitude. The results revealed that the CI and PCI ranged between 0.48–0.78 and 10–55, respectively, with higher values being more prevalent in the dry and hot zones of the country. The study established a linear relationship between PCI/CI values, latitude and altitude, with higher values at lower altitudes and a decrease in values from south to north. Most stations presented a significant positive ITA trend for PCI and CI from 1981 to 2017, with a change between 1985 and 1995, indicating an overall increase in heavy precipitation events in the area. These findings are crucial for disaster preparedness, water resource planning, the mitigation of drought and flood risks, and conservation efforts.