Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The management of acute myocardial infarction.

UNTIL recently approximately 30°4 of all patients entering hospital following a myocardial infarction died. This figure is remarkably consistent throughout the hospitals of the world. The majority of deaths occurred within the first few hours and up to 1 week following the infarction. The cause of death is not always clear but we can place it under the following headings: 1. Arrhythmias. 2. Myocardial weakness and failure. 3. Biochemical disturbances. 4. Embolism. 5. Misuse of drugs. In 1960, standing at the side of a bed of a patient seriously ill following a myocardial infarction, we felt that we were extremely ignorant of what was happening to the circulation and what effect our therapeutic endeavours were having. As a result we decided to set aside a special room in which a patient could be nursed and continuously observed with facilities for measuring intravenous pressures, output of the heart, respiratory function and renal function. At the same time the electrocardiogram could be continuously recorded on magnetic tape in a central recording room. Continuous recording of the electrocardiogram on magnetic tape has shown that some form of arrhythmia occurs in over 90°4 of all patients at some time in the first few days following a myocardial infarction. In fifty cases studied in our Coronary Care Unit the following incidence of arrhythmias was found: supraventricular tachycardia group 14°4, supraventricular bradycardia group 24%. , nodal rhythm 6%Y, ventricular tachycardia 4°4, ventricular bradycardia 15%Y, extrasystoles only 20%4 and ventricular fibrillation 4%°. The arrhythmias are often transient and may last from a few seconds to hours or days. Their unpredictable behaviour often with spontaneous recovery makes assessment of the value of drugs in their treatment difficult. In many cases where the arrhythmia does not signify the risk of the development of more serious complications no specific treatment is indicated. In others, the right treatment may be life-saving. For the purposes of discussion the arrhythmias may be classified under the headings of extrasystoles, supraventricular and ventricular bradycardia, supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias and disturbances in atrioventricular conduction and asystole.
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Organ Transplant Recipients

Non-melanoma skin cancers represent a major cause of morbidity after organ transplantation. Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are the most common cutaneous malignancies seen in this population, with a 65–100 fold greater incidence in organ transplant recipients compared to the general population. In recent years, human papillomaviruses (HPV) of the beta genus have been implicated in the pathogenesis of post-transplant SCCs. The underlying mechanism of carcinogenesis has been attributed to the E6 and E7 proteins of HPV. Specific immunosuppressive medications, such as the calcineurin inhibitors and azathioprine, are associated with a higher incidence of post-transplant SCCs compared to other immunosuppressive agents. Compared to other immunosuppressives, mTOR inhibitors and mycophenolate mofetil have been associated with a decreased risk of developing post-transplant non-melanoma skin cancers. As a result, they may represent ideal immunosuppressive medications in organ transplant recipients. Treatment options for post-transplant SCCs include surgical excision, Mohs micrographic surgery, systemic retinoid therapy, adjunct topical therapy, electrodessication and curettage, and radiation therapy. This review will discuss the epidemiology, risk factors, and management options of post-transplant SCCs. In addition, the underlying mechanisms of beta-HPV mediated carcinogenesis will be discussed.
A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Explanations for Product Reviews

Cosmetic products are inherently personal. Many people rely on product reviews when choosing to purchase cosmetics. However, reviewers can have tastes that vary based on personal, demographic or cultural background. Prior work has discussed methods for generating attribute-based explanations for item ratings on cosmetic products, based on associated text-based reviews. This paper focuses on evaluating explanation interfaces for product reviews and related attributes. We present the results of a cross-cultural user study that evaluates five associated explanation interfaces for cosmetic product reviews across groups of participants from three di↵erent cultural backgrounds. We applied a 3 by 2 within subjects experimental design in a user study (N=150) to evaluate e↵ects of UI design and personalization on a range of user experience metrics in a cosmetics shopping scenario. Results of the study show that 1) Korean and Japanese speakers chose the most complex UI more often than English speakers. 2) older participants also preferred more options in cosmetic product selection, regardless of cultural background. 3) personalization of product ratings did not show an e↵ect on user experience. 4) Attributebased explanations were preferred over star-ratings for all three cultures. 5) Rating propensity evaluation showed that Japanese provided significantly higher ratings than Korean or English participants, and that Females provided higher ratings than Males, regardless of background.
Effect of resin-modified glass ionomer containing bioactive glass on the flexural strength and morphology of demineralized dentin.

INTRODUCTION Recently, bioactive materials have been incorporated into glass ionomer cements to promote the precipitation of calcium phosphates in surrounding tooth structures. This in vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) containing bioactive glass (RMGI-BAG) on the flexural strength (FS) of demineralized dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 dentin bars (2×2×6 mm) were prepared from sound human third molars. Of these, 60 bars were immersed in a demineralizing solution for 96 hours. This produced dentin in two demineralization conditions (DC): untreated and demineralized. Each dentin bar was immersed for 14 days in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C. Three immersion conditions (IC) were investigated: IC1-SBF only; IC2-SBF + an RMGI bar; IC3-SBF + an RMGI-BAG bar. The combination of the DCs and ICs produced six groups (n=20). FS values of the specimens were measured using a three-point bending test. The microstructural changes and the elemental contents of dentin surfaces were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the effects of the two independent variables, ie, DC and IC, on mean flexural strength. Tukey multiple comparison tests and simple main effects models were used as needed. The significance level of all tests was set at α=0.05. RESULTS Both DC (p=0.001) and IC (p=0.049) significantly influenced FS (two-way ANOVA). The interaction between DC and IC did not significantly affect FS (p=0.36). For undemineralized dentin, IC did not affect the mean FS (simple main effects model; p=0.4). However, for demineralized dentin, IC significantly affected FS (small main effects model; p=0.008). The Tukey test showed that for demineralized dentin, the mean FS produced by immersion in SBF + RMGI-BAG was significantly stronger than that produced by either immersion in SBF only (p=0.011) or in SBF + RMGI (p=0.034). Scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analyses revealed more calcium and phosphate ions on the surface of dentin immersed in SBF + RMGI-BAG than on dentin immersed in SBF + RMGI. CONCLUSION Immersion in SBF + RMGI-BAG increased the FS of demineralized dentin more than immersion in SBF + RMGI.
3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and computerised image analysis in the evaluation of rheumatoid hand joints

Objective: To explore development and testing of a new patient positioning device during wrist MRI. To evaluate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) wrist 3T MRI with computerised image analysis tools including bone segmentation techniques, semiquantitative scoring and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE-MRI) for synovitis measures, with similar assessments on healthy subjects. To examine the relationship between X-ray/MRI disease activity measures and bone mineral density loss using computerised digital X-ray radiogammetry (DXR). Methods: Preliminary study was about development and evaluation of a new patient positioning device for wrist imaging and its evaluation against current standard positions. In the main longitudinal MRI study, 13 RA and 10 healthy subjects (HV) were recruited with 10 RA and 7 HV completing the study. Hand/wrist MRI and radiographs were performed over a year and assessed using semi-quantitative scoring and exploratory computerised image analysis tools, which included pilot work on bone segmentation techniques, including manual and semi-automated methods; bone mineral density loss assessment using DXRonline and its comparison with MRI disease activity measures; and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) analysis using Dynamika software. Result: A developed bridge patient positioning device allowed for comfortable, good quality and reproducible imaging as compared to standard positions (Bridge vs hand by the side vs hand above head position: comfort score (out of 10) (mean±std) – 7.3±0.7 vs 7.1±0.8 vs 6.1±1.6, and image quality (Signal to noise/contrast to noise ratio) – 6.1±1.7/3.1±0.5 vs
Care transitions service: a pharmacy-driven program for medication reconciliation through the continuum of care.

PURPOSE A quality-improvement program at University of New Mexico Hospital (UNMH) encompassing admission, discharge, and postdischarge medication reconciliation activities is described, with a report on initial assessments of the program's impact on rates of medication-related problems (MRPs). METHODS Pharmacists conducted a five-month evaluation of the UNMH Care Transitions Service (CTS), which serves inpatients admitted to the hospital's family medicine service, providing medication reconciliation and targeted MRP interventions. Selected patients who received CTS services from November 2012 through March 2013 (n = 191) were included in the analysis. The study endpoints were the rates and types of MRPs identified, the most commonly implicated medication classes, and predictors of MRPs. Postdischarge MRP rates during a two-month trial of CTS services at a UNMH outpatient clinic were also evaluated. RESULTS During the five-month evaluation of inpatient CTS services, a total of 1140 MRPs were identified (an average of 6 per patient), about 70% of which were resolved independently of provider review using pharmacy-driven protocols. During the two-month pilot test of CTS outpatient services (n = 16), a total of 28 MRPs were identified; in over 80% of cases, there was a decline in the number of MRPs from the admission to the postdischarge medication reconciliation. CONCLUSION MRPs were identified through the continuum of care. The majority of MRPs identified in both the inpatient and outpatient settings involved patient variables and patient nonadherence. Seventy percent of inpatient MRPs were resolved independently by the CTS team under pharmacy-driven protocols.
Plasma hTERT mRNA discriminates between clinically localized and locally advanced disease and is a predictor of recurrence in prostate cancer patients

Introduction: Since the introduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, new prostate cancer (PCa) patients are diagnosed earlier and most have localized and locally advanced disease. Current diagnosis methods lack specificity and sensitivity, leading to overdiagnosis and overtreatment of patients with low-risk organ-confined localized disease. Therefore, new non-invasive molecular tools are needed to discriminate between localized and locally advanced disease. Methods: Plasma telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA levels were determined by qRT-PCR in 49 patients with localized and locally advanced PCa. Diagnostic accuracy and efficacy as a prognostic factor of biochemical recurrence of plasma hTERT mRNA were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses and compared with conventional tumor markers. Results: Patients with locally advanced disease had significantly (p < 0.05) higher plasma hTERT mRNA and serum PSA levels than those with localized disease. Plasma hTERT mRNA test showed lower sensitivity (83% vs. 100%), higher specificity (73% vs. 43%), AUC ROC curve (0.911 vs. 0.757), and positive likelihood ratios (6.17 vs. 1.76) than the PSA assay in discriminating between localized and locally advanced disease. At multivariate analysis, plasma hTERT mRNA levels and age but not PSA showed a positive trend (p = 0.05) in the risk of locally advanced PCa. On univariate analysis, plasma hTERT mRNA and serum PSA were identified as significant prognostic factors of biochemical recurrence. Using ROC curves and the appropriate cutoff, both tests showed high sensitivity (85%) and specificity (72%). Kaplan–Meier curves confirmed the significant differences between the groups and patients with higher levels than the cutoff value showed diminished recurrence-free survival (p < 0.05). At multivariate analysis, Gleason score and PSA were the strongest factors associated with biochemical recurrence (p < 0.05), whereas hTERT mRNA did not reach statistical significance, although a positive trend was observed (p = 0.09). Conclusion: Plasma hTERT mRNA quantification can be both a useful non-invasive tumor marker for discriminating between localized and locally advanced PCa, as well as a prognostic factor of recurrence at the molecular level.
A Receiver Unit of Photodetectors for a Laser Pointer as a Wireless Controller

PCT No. PCT/DE95/01547 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 24, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 24, 1997 PCT Filed Nov. 3, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/23287 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 1, 1996A money-operated entertainment machine is provided with a game device including a plurality of display components (5) which are illuminated according to specific payoffs. The entertainment machine is further provided with a computer-controlled unit for controlling the course of the game. In order to render the game interesting for spectators, the game device takes the form of a risk game device (1) which increases the stake or a portion or multiple thereof when there is a risk of losing. The risk game device (1) includes a risk -display column (3) which is placed on a stand (2) and includes a display scale (4) which is composed of superimposed display components (5).
MC1R variants, melanoma and red hair color phenotype: A meta‐analysis

Melanocortin‐1‐receptor (MC1R) is one of the major genes that determine skin pigmentation. MC1R variants were suggested to be associated with red hair, fair skin, and an increased risk of melanoma. We performed a meta‐analysis on the association between the 9 most studied MC1R variants (p.V60L, p.D84E, p.V92M, p.R142H, p.R151C, p.I155T, p.R160W, p.R163Q and p.D294H) and melanoma and/or red hair, fair skin phenotype. Eleven studies on MC1R and melanoma, and 9 on MC1R and phenotype were included in the analysis. The 7 variants p.D84E, p.R142H, p.R151C, p.I155T, p.R160W, p. R163Q and p.D294H were significantly associated with melanoma development, with ORs (95%CI) ranging from 1.42 (1.09–1.85) for p.R163Q to 2.45 (1.32–4.55) for p.I155T. The MC1R variants p.R160W and p.D294H were associated both with red hair and fair skin, while p.D84E, p.R142H, and p.R151C were strongly associated with red hair only‐ ORs (95%CI) ranged from 2.99 (1.51–5.91) for p.D84E to 8.10 (5.82–11.28) for p.R151C. No association with melanoma or phenotype was found for p.V60L and p.V92M variants. In conclusion this meta‐analysis provided evidence that some MC1R variants are associated both with melanoma and phenotype, while other are only associated with melanoma development. These results suggest that MC1R variants could play a role in melanoma development both via pigmentary and non‐pigmentary pathways. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Disseminated cryptococcosis presenting with generalized lymphadenopathy

Cryptococcosis is a common opportunistic infection among immunocompromised individuals. Some of the commonly affected sites are respiratory and central nervous system. Lymph node is an unusual site of involvement which could mimic tuberculosis, as seen in our case. We report a 32-year-old male immunocompromised patient presenting with generalized lymphadenopathy who was clinically suspected to have tuberculous lymphadenitis. He was diagnosed to have disseminated cryptococcosis on fine needle aspiration cytology and fungal isolation on culture.
Postnatal expansion of the natural killer and keller cell population in humans identified by the monoclonal HNK-1 antibody

Human natural killer (NK) and killer (K) cells were directly enumerated using a monoclonal antibody (HNK-1) and an immunofluorescence assay. The frequency of cells bearing surface HNK-1 antigen was very low in the newborn (less than 1.0%) and increased progressively through childhood and into adult life. This was correlated with an age-related increase in functional NK and K cell activities. Males had a slightly higher proportion of HNK-1+ cells than females. In addition to HNK-1 expression on the surface membrane, a prominent cytoplasmic expression of HNK-1 antigen was found in some but not all surface HNK-1+ cells. The cytoplasmic accumulation of HNK-1 molecules appeared to occur in more mature cells of this lineage.
Optimal Diagnosis of Heterogeneous Systems with Random Faults

We consider the problem of fault diagnosis in multiprocessor systems. Processors perform tests on one another; fault-free testers correctly identify the fault status of tested processors, while faulty testers can give arbitrary test results. Processors fail with arbitrary probabilities and all failures are independent. The goal is to identify correctly the status of all processors, based on the set of test results. A diagnosis algorithm is optimal if it has the highest probability of correctness (reliability) among all (deterministic) diagnosis algorithms. We give a fast diagnosis algorithm and prove its optimality for arbitrary values of failure probabilities. This is the first time that optimal diagnosis is given for systems without any assumptions on the behavior of faulty processors or on the values of failure probabilities. We also investigate locally optimal diagnosis algorithms: For any set of test results, they return the most probable configuration of faulty and fault-free processors that could yield it. We show a fast diagnosis which is always locally optimal. If all processors have failure probabilities smaller than 1/2 , a locally optimal diagnosis is proved to be optimal. However, if some processors have failure probabilities exceeding 1/2 , a locally optimal diagnosis need not have the highest reliability. We even show examples that it may have arbitrarily small reliability when the number of processors increases, while optimal reliability remains constant.
Development of a High-Performance 3,300V Silicon Carbide MOSFET

To address stringent performance and reliability requirements of industrial and traction power conversion systems we have developed planar 3,300V MOSFETs at a 6-inch SiC-compatible silicon CMOS foundry. By optimizing the unit cell structure and using a deep current-spreading layer we demonstrated a low MOSFET specific on-resistance RDSA=11.2 mΩ·cm2 (ID=5A, VGS=15V) and fast switching for the baseline design. Robust short-circuit handling (7.5μs at Vds=1500V and 5.0μs at Vds=2200V) was demonstrated with an alternative unit cell design with RDSA=14.8 mΩ·cm2 (ID=5A, VGS=15V).
Right patient, right treatment, right time: biosignatures and precision medicine in depression

trate”, and “negative feelings”. Patients do attach more importance to restoration of positive mood and cognitive functioning than to decrease of negative mood. However, standard rating scales do not assess positive mood. We feel that, before we can move from artisanal prescription patterns into precision medicine, patients’ characteristics, beliefs and attitudes should be better taken into account, and diagnostic and assessment tools should be revised.
Neuroprotective, Neuroplastic, and Neurobehavioral Effects of Daily Treatment With Levetiracetam in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury

Background. Prophylactic treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) has been recommended to prevent early seizure onset in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the potential neuroprotective and/or detrimental effects of prophylactic AED treatment on behavioral and cognitive function after TBI are not well studied. Objective. To investigate the effects of a novel AED, levitiracetam (LEV), on behavioral and cognitive function after experimental TBI in rats. Methods. Adult male rats were administered LEV (intraperitoneal 50 mg/kg) or vehicle (saline; SL) daily for 20 days beginning 1 day after controlled cortical impact (CCI; 2.8 mm; 4 m/s) or sham surgery. Beam performance (days 1-6), Y-maze (day 7), and Morris water maze (days 14-19) postinjury testing was assessed. Results. Daily LEV treatment improved motor function, increased novel arm exploration in the Y-maze, elicited greater hippocampal cell sparing, and decreased contusion volumes compared with CCI/SL rats. Daily LEV administration also reversed a TBI-induced decrease in regional glutamate transporter expression and neuroplastic marker proteins present 20 days post-CCI. Also, daily LEV treatment decreased regional IL-1β expression after TBI. Conclusions. These results suggest that daily LEV treatment has beneficial effects on histological, molecular, and behavioral elements of neurological recovery after TBI, in part, via modulation of neuroinflammatory and excitatory pathways.
Inhibition of cell growth and induction of inflammation by endosulfan in HUVEC‐C cells

Endosulfan is one of the organochlorine pesticides. It has been associated with a wide range of adverse health effects. However, it is unknown whether endosulfan causes endothelial dysfunction. In the present study, we investigated the effects of endosulfan on human vascular endothelial cells. We exposed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC‐C) to varying concentrations of endosulfan for 48 h. The results showed that endosulfan lowered cell viability and inhibited cell proliferation in a dose‐dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis showed that endosulfan at 60 μM induced G1 cell cycle arrest, a response attributed to down‐regulation of CDK6 and pRb dephosphorylation. We observed that endosulfan at 40 and 60 μM induced a considerable percentage of cells to undergo apoptosis, as detected by Annexin‐V binding assays. Endosulfan reduced mitochondrial transmembrane potential, leading to the release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm; meanwhile, endosulfan also inhibited the mRNA expression level of survivin, which resulted in the activation of caspase‐3. These results indicated that the intrinsic mitochondria‐mediated pathway was involved in apoptotic process. Exposure to endosulfan increased the secretion and mRNA expression levels of inflammation factors interleukin (IL)−6 and IL‐8, suggesting that endosulfan could cause inflammation. Overall, these findings suggested that endosulfan is toxic to HUVEC‐C cells, resulting in endothelial dysfunction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1785–1795, 2016.