Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3D Gesture Recognition and Adaptation for Human–Robot Interaction

Gesture-based human-robot interaction has been an important area of research in recent years. The primary aspect for the researchers has always been to create a gesture detection system that is insensitive to lighting and backdrop surroundings. This research proposes a 3D gesture recognition and adaption system based on Kinect for human-robot interaction. The framework comprises the following four modules: pointing gesture recognition, 3D dynamic gesture recognition, gesture adaptation, and robot navigation. The proposed dynamic gesture recognition module employs three distinct classifiers: HMM, Multiclass SVM, and CNN. The adaptation module can adapt to new and unrecognized gestures applying semi-supervised self-adaptation or user consent-based adaptation. A graphical user interface (GUI) is built for training and testing the proposed system on the fly. A simple simulator along with two different robot-navigation algorithms are developed to test robot navigation based on the recognized gestures. The framework is trained and tested through a five-fold cross-validation method with a total of 3,600 gesture instances of ten predefined gestures performed by 24 persons (three age categories: Young, Middle-aged, Adult; each with 1,200 gestures). The proposed system achieves a maximum accuracy score of 95.67% with HMM for the Middle-aged category, 92.59% with SVM for the Middle-aged category, and 89.58% with CNN for the Young category in dynamic gesture recognition. Considering all the three age categories, the system achieves average accuracies of 94.61%, 91.95%, and 88.97% in recognizing dynamic gestures with HMM, SVM, and CNN respectively. Moreover, the system recognizes pointing gestures in real-time.
Temperature-Insensitive Ka-Band Transceiver With Ultralow-Noise Self-Calibrated Low Dropout Regulator in 65-nm CMOS

This article proposes a Ka-band transceiver with an integrated local oscillator (LO) generator and multiple low dropout regulators (LDOs) to eliminate the strict requirements to the external power supply network. The proposed self-calibrated LDO eliminates the use of a bandgap reference circuit and its large flicker noise contribution in traditional power regulators to achieve ultralow-noise performance. The output of the proposed LDO is self-calibrated with temperature and process variations by autoconfiguring the feedback coefficient through a digital loop to guarantee the stable performance of its loaded high-speed circuits. The stable gain and output power of the transceiver with temperature variation are achieved by on-chip multiple self-compensation schemes, which include a self-sensing LDO for the power amplifier, a constant-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$G_{\! m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> bias circuit for the amplification stages, and the temperature-compensated intermediate-frequency amplifiers (TC IFAs) with proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) gain to further compensate for the gain deviation caused by the second-order effect and large-signal performance difference. Implemented in 65-nm CMOS technology, measurements indicate that the output noise of the proposed LDO is as low as 15 nV/sqrt (Hz) at 10-kHz offset and the integrated power network greatly reduces the noise influence on the LO signal compared with the traditional bandgap-referenced LDO. Furthermore, due to the adoption of the proposed temperature compensation scheme, the small-signal gains of the receiver and transmitter only fluctuate by 1.1 and 1.3 dB from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$- 40\,\,^{\circ }\text{C}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$85~^{\circ }\text{C}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively, and the output saturated power of the transmitter varies by 0.7 dBm over the entire temperature range.
Alteration in the Synaptic and Extrasynaptic Organization of AMPA Receptors in the Hippocampus of P301S Tau Transgenic Mice

Tau pathology is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other tauopathies, but how pathological tau accumulation alters the glutamate receptor dynamics driving synaptic dysfunction is unclear. Here, we determined the impact of tau pathology on AMPAR expression, density, and subcellular distribution in the hippocampus of P301S mice using immunoblot, histoblot, and quantitative SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling (SDS-FRL). Histoblot and immunoblot showed differential regulation of GluA1 and GluA2 in the hippocampus of P301S mice. The GluA2 subunit was downregulated in the hippocampus at 3 months while both GluA1 and GluA2 subunits were downregulated at 10 months. However, the total amount of GluA1-4 was similar in P301S mice and in age-matched wild-type mice. Using quantitative SDS-FRL, we unraveled the molecular organization of GluA1-4 in various synaptic connections at a high spatial resolution on pyramidal cell spines and interneuron dendrites in the CA1 field of the hippocampus in 10-month-old P301S mice. The labeling density for GluA1-4 in the excitatory synapses established on spines was significantly reduced in P301S mice, compared to age-matched wild-type mice, in the strata radiatum and lacunosum-moleculare but unaltered in the stratum oriens. The density of synaptic GluA1-4 established on interneuron dendrites was significantly reduced in P301S mice in the three strata. The labeling density for GluA1-4 at extrasynaptic sites was significantly reduced in several postsynaptic compartments of CA1 pyramidal cells and interneurons in the three dendritic layers in P301S mice. Our data demonstrate that the progressive accumulation of phospho-tau is associated with alteration of AMPARs on the surface of different neuron types, including synaptic and extrasynaptic membranes, leading to a decline in the trafficking and synaptic transmission, thereby likely contributing to the pathological events taking place in AD.
Cutoff for Random Walk on Dynamical Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi Graph

We consider dynamical percolation on the complete graph $K_n$, where each edge refreshes its state at rate $\mu \ll 1/n$, and is then declared open with probability $p = \lambda/n$ where $\lambda > 1$. We study a random walk on this dynamical environment which jumps at rate $1/n$ along every open edge. We show that the mixing time of the full system exhibits cutoff at $\log n/\mu$. We do this by showing that the random walk component mixes faster than the environment process; along the way, we control the time it takes for the walk to become isolated.
Full Lumped Element-Based Equivalent Circuit Model for Connected Slot Antenna Arrays

A full lumped element-based equivalent circuit model for connected slot antenna arrays (CSAA) is proposed with three configurations of the CSAA being considered: infinite, semi-infinite, and finite slots. First, an equivalent circuit model was developed from the available Green’s Function (GF) based analytical expression of the active impedance of CSAA. It was demonstrated that by combining PI or T networks with parallel RLC resonant circuits and modeling the higher order modes via the series inductor, the active impedance and the reflection characteristics of the CSAA can be represented in an efficient and accurate manner. Secondly, utilizing the proposed equivalent circuit model, a generalized design procedure was developed to assist the design and analysis of arbitrary configurations of CSAA at both microwave and millimeter wave (mm-wave) bands. Finally, the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed approach are validated by several numerical and measured results. A 2x2 CSAA prototype was fabricated at $3\:GHz$ to validate the proposed equivalent circuit model. For the finite slot case, the proposed RLC+T network outperforms both the available transmission line-based equivalent circuit model and the proposed RLC+PI network, in describing the resonance frequencies and the values of the impedances of the finite slot. It was demonstrated that the proposed equivalent circuit model had a maximum of 4.55% and 5.27% average errors for the real and imaginary parts of the impedances, as compared with the full-wave simulator, while the computational time was reduced by more than two orders of magnitude.
Sharp Reilly-type inequalities for submanifolds in space forms

Let $M$ be an $n(>2)$-dimensional closed orientable submanifold in an $(n+p)$-dimensional space form $\mathbb{R}^{n+p}(c)$. We obtain an optimal upper bound for the second eigenvalue of a class of elliptic operators on $M$ defined by $L_{T}f=-div(T\nabla f)$, where $T$ is a general symmetric, positive definite and divergence-free $(1,1)$-tensor on $M$. The upper bound is given in terms of an integration involving $tr T$ and $|H_T|^2$, where $tr T$ is the trace of the tensor $T$ and $H_T=\sum_{i=1}^nA(Te_i,e_i)$ is a normal vector field associated with $T$ and the second fundamental form $A$ of $M$. Furthermore, we give the sufficient and necessary conditions when the upper bound is attained. Our main theorem can be viewed as an extension of the famous `Reilly inequality'. The operator $L_{T}$ can be regarded as a natural generalization of the well-known operator $L_r$ which is the linearized operator of the first variation of the $(r+1)$-th mean curvature for hypersurfaces in a space form. As applications of our main theorem, we generalize the results of Grosjean ([16]) and Li-Wang ([19]) for hypersurfaces to higher codimension case.
Live Coding in Music Theater—A Comprehensive Technique? The Case of Dumrul and the Grim Reaper

Abstract The author analyzes the play Dumrul and the Grim Reaper as a case study to explore the possibilities of live coding in the context of music theater. The live coding method, which focuses on a single main application window, allows one to effectively execute several distributed tasks simultaneously, such as music composition, sound design, sound effects, and musical performance in real-time without losing track of the theatrical text’s flow. In terms of the compositional approach, live coding will be proposed as a holistic sound and music creation technique that centers on using textual systems to depict elaborate forms of artistic expression.
Entanglement of four qubit systems: A geometric atlas with polynomial compass I (the finite world)

We investigate the geometry of the four qubit systems by means of algebraic geometry and invariant theory, which allows us to interpret certain entangled states as algebraic varieties. More precisely we describe the nullcone, i.e., the set of states annihilated by all invariant polynomials, and also the so-called third secant variety, which can be interpreted as the generalization of GHZ-states for more than three qubits. All our geometric descriptions go along with algorithms which allow us to identify any given state in the nullcone or in the third secant variety as a point of one of the 47 varieties described in the paper. These 47 varieties correspond to 47 non-equivalent entanglement patterns, which reduce to 15 different classes if we allow permutations of the qubits.
Unmixed d-uniform r-partite hypergraphs

In this paper, we characterize all unmixed d-uniform r-partite hypergraphs under a certain condition. Also we give a necessary condition for unmixedness in d-uniform hypergraphs with a perfect matching of size n. Finally we give a sufficient condition for unmixednes in d-uniform hypergraphs with a perfect matching.
Higher Syzygies of Elliptic Ruled Surfaces

Let L be a normally generated line bundle on X; we say L satisfies property N_p (notation after Mark Green) if the matrices in the free resolution of R (the homogeneous coordinate ring of X) over S (the homogeneous coordinate ring of the projective space corresponding to the complete linear series |L|) have linear entries until the p-th stage. In this article we prove the following result: Let X be an elliptic ruled surface and let L be a product of p+1 base point free and ample line bundles on X. Then L satisfies property N_p. In particular we prove that numerical classes of all divisors which satisfies property N_p form a convex set. (Recall that Num(X) is generated by the class of a minimal section C_0 and by the class of a fiber f and that C_0 is ample. ) As a corollary of the above result we show that the adjoint bundle K_X+(2p+3)A satisfies property N_p, if A is an ample line bundle.
Urban hazards caused by ground deformation and building subsidence over fossil lake beds: a study from Taipei City

Abstract Widespread land subsidence has become an increasing problem in urban areas worldwide and is caused by a combination of effects, of which in particular climate change, growing urbanization trends, and unbalanced groundwater extraction are considered to be the primary ones. While groundwater extraction can be a dominant reason for inland subsidence, other factors comprise excessive surface load of buildings or unsuitable substrate for foundations. In this study, a closer look is taken at Taipei City, which has been facing challenges of ground subsidence, and whose ground movement has been investigated using time series of Sentinel-1 remote sensing data. The results indicate that a specific region of the city experiences significant surface subsidence in local areas of former (dormant) river and lake beds with rates of up to 60 mm between 2017 and 2020. Furthermore, a precise spatio-temporal heterogeneity of deformation was identified upon combination of precipitation and groundwater level data. It can be shown that widespread monitoring using remote-sensing data is a feasible tool to identify and track locations exposed to subsidence hazards for urban planning and urban development phases in the future.
Lie theory for fusion categories: A research
 primer

A diverse collection of fusion categories may be realized by the representation theory of quantum groups. There is substantial literature where one will find detailed constructions of quantum groups, and proofs of the representation-theoretic properties these algebras possess. Here we will forego technical intricacy as a growing number of researchers study fusion categories disjoint from Lie theory, representation theory, and a laundry list of other obstacles to understanding the mostly combinatorial, geometric, and numerical descriptions of the examples of fusion categories arising from quantum groups. This expository piece aims to create a self-contained guide for researchers to study from a computational standpoint with only the prerequisite knowledge of fusion categories.
Semiclassical limits, Lagrangian states and coboundary equations

Assume that $f$ is a continuous transformation $f:S^1 \to S^1$. We consider here the cases where $f$ is either the transformation $f(z)=z^2$ or $f$ is a smooth diffeomorphism of the circle $S^1$. Consider a fixed continuous potential $\tau:S^1=[0,1) \to \mathbb{R}$, $\nu\in \mathbb{R}$ and $\varphi:S^1 \to \mathbb{C}$ (a quantum state). The transformation $\hat F_{\nu}$ acting on $\varphi:S^1 \to \mathbb{C}$, $\hat F_{\nu}(\varphi) = \phi$, defined by $\displaystyle \phi(z) = \hat F_{\nu} (\varphi(z)) = \varphi(f(z))e^{i\nu\tau(z)}$ describes a discrete time dynamical evolution of the quantum state $\varphi$. Given $S: \mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ we define the Lagrangian state $$\varphi_{x}^S(z) = \sum_{k\in\mathbb{Z}} e^{\frac{iS (z-k)}{\hbar}} e^{-\frac{(z-k-x)^2}{4\hbar}}. $$ In this case $\hat F_{\nu}(\varphi_{x}^S(z)) = \sum_{k\in\mathbb{Z}}e^{\frac{iS (f(z)-k)}{\hbar}}e^{-\frac{(f(z)-k-x)^2}{4\hbar}}e^{i\nu\tau(z)}$. Under suitable conditions on $S$ the micro-support of $\varphi^S_x (z)$, when $\hbar \to 0$, is $(x,S'(x))$. One of meanings of the semiclassical limit in Quantum Mechanics is to take $\nu=\frac{1}{\hbar}$ and $\hbar \to 0$. We address the question of finding $S$ such that $\varphi^S_x$ satisfies the property: $ \forall x$, we have that $\hat{F}_\nu(\varphi^S_x)$ has micro-support on the graph of $y\to S'(y)$ (which is the micro-support of $\varphi^S_x$). In other words: which $S$ is such that $\hat{F}_\nu$ leaves the micro-support of $\varphi^S_x$ invariant? This is related to a coboundary equation for $\tau$, twist conditions and the boundary of the fat attractor.
Macroscale, slowly varying, models emerge from the microscale dynamics

Many practical approximations in physics and engineering invoke a relatively long physical domain with a relatively thin cross-section. In this scenario we typically expect the system to have structures that vary slowly in the long dimension. Extant mathematical approximation methodologies are typically self-consistency or limit arguments as the aspect ratio becomes unphysically infinite. The proposed new approach is to analyse the dynamics based at each cross-section in a rigorous Taylor polynomial. Then centre manifold theory supports the local modelling of the system's dynamics with coupling to neighbouring locales treated as a non-autonomous forcing. The union over all cross-sections then provides powerful new support for the existence and emergence of a centre manifold model global in the long domain, albeit finite sized. Our resolution of the coupling between neighbouring locales leads to novel quantitative estimates of the error induced by long slow space variations. Four examples help develop and illustrate the approach and results. The approach developed here may be used to quantify the accuracy of known approximations, to extend such approximations to mixed order modelling, and to open previously intractable modelling issues to new tools and insights.
On conservative partially hyperbolic abelian actions with compact center foliation

We consider smooth partially hyperbolic volume preserving Z^k actions on smooth manifolds, with uniformly compact center foliation. We show that under certain irreducibility condition on the action, bunching and uniform quasiconformality conditions, the action is a smooth fiber bundle extension of an Anosov action, or the center foliation is pathological. We obtain several corollaries of this result. For example, we prove a global dichotomy result that any smooth conservative circle extension over a maximal Cartan action is either essentially a product of an action by rotations and a linear Anosov action on the torus, or has a pathological center foliation.
The protective role of raltegravir in experimental acute lung injury in vitro and in vivo

Disruption of pulmonary endothelial permeability and associated barrier integrity increase the severity of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study investigated the potential ability of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) integrase inhibitor raltegravir to protect against acute lung injury (ALI) and the underlying mechanisms. Accordingly, the impact of raltegravir treatment on an in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (HPMEC) model of ALI and an in vivo LPS-induced two-hit ALI rat model was examined. In the rat model system, raltegravir treatment alleviated ALI-associated histopathological changes, reduced microvascular permeability, decreased Evans blue dye extravasation, suppressed the expression of inflammatory proteins including HMGB1, TLR4, p-NF-κB, NLRP3, and MPO, and promoted the upregulation of protective proteins including claudin 18.1, VE-cadherin, and aquaporin 5 as measured via western blotting. Immunohistochemical staining further confirmed the ability of raltegravir treatment to reverse LPS-induced pulmonary changes in NLRP3, claudin 18.1, and aquaporin 5 expression. Furthermore, in vitro analyses of HPMECs reaffirmed the ability of raltegravir to attenuate LPS-induced declines in VE-cadherin and claudin 18.1 expression while simultaneously inhibiting NLRP3 activation and reducing the expression of HMGB1, TLR4, and NF-kB, thus decreasing overall vascular permeability. Overall, our findings suggested that raltegravir may represent a viable approach to treating experimental ALI that functions by maintaining pulmonary microvascular integrity.
Building a Real-Time Testing Platform for Unmanned Ground Vehicles with UDP Bridge

Perception and vehicle control remain major challenges in the autonomous driving domain. To find a proper system configuration, thorough testing is needed. Recent advances in graphics and physics simulation allow researchers to build highly realistic simulations that can be used for testing in safety-critical domains and inaccessible environments. Despite the high complexity of urban environments, it is the non-urban areas that are more challenging. Nevertheless, the existing simulators focus mainly on urban driving. Therefore, in this work, we describe our approach to building a flexible real-time testing platform for unmanned ground vehicles for indoor and off-road environments. Our platform consists of our original simulator, robotic operating system (ROS), and a bridge between them. To enable compatibility and real-time communication with ROS, we generate data interchangeable with real-life readings and propose our original communication solution, UDP Bridge, that enables up to 9.5 times faster communication than the existing solution, ROS#. As a result, all of the autonomy algorithms can be run in real-time directly in ROS, which is how we obtained our experimental results. We provide detailed descriptions of the components used to build our integrated platform.
Assessing social configurations in teacher learning groups: the ‘Dimensions of Social Learning Questionnaire’

ABSTRACT Increasingly, teacher learning groups (TLGs) are being deployed as a way to realise high-quality educational designs. There is a need for monitoring and for insights into the development of TLGs. Therefore, in the present study, the ‘Dimensions of Social Learning Questionnaire’ (DSL-Q) is developed that can be used to map the social configuration of TLGs. This article describes the validation of the questionnaire for student teachers, teacher educators and in-service teachers (n = 488) by means of successive exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, resulting in an instrument with good psychometric properties. The final version of the questionnaire contains 13 items, divided into three factors: practice integration, long-term orientation and goals, and shared identity and equal relationships. The instrument is suitable for quantitative research to gain more insights into the conditional and the outcome variables of social learning. Future research can incorporate theoretical dimensions regarding the value of the social learning process and its outcomes as well as insights concerning socially shared regulation of learning.
Commodification of Mobile Banking Interface Design for Elderly Users

The design planning of the Mobile Banking Interface Design for Elderly Users aims to redesign the mobile banking application interface to be more effective and easier for elderly users. This research uses a mixed-method of explanatory sequential, which sequentially uses quantitative and qualitative modes. The quantitative model uses questionnaires and bodystorming simulations to obtain data on the needs and behavior of the elderly. The qualitative model is based on the User-Centered Design (UCD) design process. The research resulted in the following: (1) data on the needs of elderly users when using mobile banking applications (2) data on the behavior of elderly users to better understand the interface of the mobile banking application. Based on these data, a mobile banking interface was developed to suit the needs of elderly users, which includes a more simplified display, enlarged text size, enlarged button size and additional spacing, adjusted icon shape to the understanding of elderly users, and display layout arrangements that are very concerned for making the interaction process more comfortable. Evaluation of the interface design results on mobile banking applications for elderly users shows that the application is more acceptable, more understandable, and easier for elderly use.