Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUATING CONTENT EXTRACTION FROM AUDIO SOURCES

This paper discusses evaluation of content extraction from audio sources. The most straightforward approach is to adapt existing methods for written sources to handle audio input. A transcription then becomes the representation of the audio source in written form; it must capture the word stream, but also other information that aids in decoding the overall structure and content of the audio source, e.g., music, speaker changes, and speech repairs. The transcription must also support content annotation superimposed on the underlyin speech transcription. When automated speech recognition is used to generate the transcription, there is the additional problem of evaluating content extraction from a noisy transcription. In addition, audio sources differ from their written counterparts in genre and therefore in structure, vocabulary, and even in how names are used. If the audio includes spontaneous conversational speech, as opposed to planned speech, these differences become still more pronounced. We discuss how these differences affect the adaptation of text-based extraction evaluation to audio input. In addition, we describe two new content extraction evaluations that have been designed for use with both audio and written materials.s
On Generalized-Topic-Based Chinese Discourse Structure

: Due to the lack of external formal marks, components in Chinese discourse can hardly be categorized into the traditional syntactic system. In fact, Chinese is a typical topic-prominent language, so it should rather be analyzed from the point of topic. This paper, targeting at computer processing, raises the concepts of punctuation clause, generalized topic, discourse structure and topic clause
A Mechanism for Providing Innovation Incentives for Digital Goods

Digital goods can be reproduced costlessly. Thus a price of zero would be economically efficient in terms of eliminating deadweight loss. However, zero revenues would eliminate the economic incentives for creating such goods in the first place. We develop a novel mechanism which solves this dilemma by decoupling the price of digital goods from the payments to innovators while maintaining budget balance and incentive compatibility. Specifically, by selling digital goods via large bundles the marginal price for consuming an additional good can be made zero for most consumers. Thus efficiency is enhanced. Meanwhile, we show how statistical sampling can be combined with tiered coupons to reveal the individual demands for each of the component goods in such a bundle. This makes it possible to provide accurate payments to creators which spurs further innovation. In our analysis of the proposed mechanism, we find that it can operate with an efficiency loss of less than 0.1% of the efficiency loss of the traditional price-based system. Innovation incentives in our mechanism are, of course, improved relative to the zero-price approach often favored by content consumers. Surprisingly, we find that innovation incentives are also substantially better than those provided by the traditional system often favored by content owners which is based on excludability and monopoly pricing of individual goods. The technology and legal framework for our proposed mechanism already exist and portions of it have been implemented, although not in any coordinated fashion.
Laser therapy in wound healing associated with diabetes mellitus - Review*

The article discusses the results of a literature review on the application of low intensity laser therapy on the healing of wounds associated diabetes mellitus in the last 10 years. Objective To determine the most effective parameter in healing wounds related to diabetes mellitus, as well as the most widely used type of laser. Methodology consisted of bibliographic searching the databases Bireme, SciELO, PubMed/Medline and Lilacs by using the keywords related to the topic. Were selected from these keywords, papers discussing the use of laser on wounds associated with diabetes, published in the period 2005-2014, in Portuguese or English. Results After analyzing the research, 12 studies consistent with the theme were selected. Conclusion Based on this review, the studies that showed more satisfactory results in healing diabetic wounds were those who applied energy densities in the range of 3-5 J/cm2, power densities equal to or below 0.2 W/cm2 and continuous emission. The He-Ne laser with a wavelength of 632.8 nm was used more often.
Technologies, standards and business models for the formation of virtual collections of 3D replicas of museum objects: The 3D-COFORM project

The paper will address issues related to 3D capture, documentation, storage and management of virtual replicas of museum objects for documentation purposes in view of their inclusion in Europeana. 3D cultural objects present a number of challenges concerning their management. The 3D-COFORM project will provide solutions aiming at making 3D documentation a common practice in the cultural heritage sector. This requires the definition of good practices for data acquisition and storage, together with the design of a novel documentation system for the acquisition and simplification procedures. In fact, these initial steps are often undocumented, and this makes the outcome unreliable for the strict criteria of heritage documentation. The following steps of storing, managing, searching and displaying 3D objects is still an uneasy process, and the project aims at providing state-of-the-art tools to improve the performance in all these stages. Finally, the project will address business processes, mainly through the design and start-up of a Virtual Competence Centre in order to provide guidance to cultural heritage institutions and practitioners wishing to incorporate 3D into their everyday practice.
MythOS -- A Micro-Kernel Threads Operating System

MythOS (Micro-kernel THreads Operating System) is an experimental operating system for embedded systems. The system kernel is a rst implementation of the POSIX \Minimal Real-Time System Proole". It is based on prior work of a library implementation of Pthreads (POSIX threads). The system is fully preemptive. It supports multi-threading within a single process environment with shared kernel and user space. It exhibits remarkable timing predictability intended for hard real-time requirements. This is achieved by a careful design of only few device drivers. The system has been implemented and tested on the SPARC VME architecture. Also presented is a fast context switching algorithm for the SPARC which out-performs the context switch under SunOS 4.x and matches the performance under Solaris 2.3. Furthermore , an implementation-deened extension of Pthreads for deadline scheduling is presented. Overall, the system exhibits slightly faster performance than SunOS 4.x and is considerably more predictable in its timing behavior.
Participatory journalism - the (r)evolution that wasn't. Content and user behavior in Sweden 2007-2013

A contemporary debate in media studies concerns participation and empowerment, and to what extent digital media shift power to the citizens. This study assesses the long-term viability of participatory journalism using Swedish content and user data. Inclusion of comments and blog-links on news sites increased from 2007 to 2010, and decreased rather dramatically from 2011 onward. Posting user comments or writing blogs have never been activities that have appealed to a majority of the Swedes. Participatory journalism seems to have decreasing value to producers and little appeal to users. A shift in how power is distributed in the public sphere is absent. This is not primarily a problem of reluctant producers but, more importantly, a lack of interest from users.
Minimal systems analysis of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis induced by cisplatin

Recently, it was reported that the role of mitochondria-reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating pathway in cisplatin-induced apoptosis is remarkable. Since a variety of molecules are involved in the pathway, a comprehensive approach to delineate the biological interactions of the molecules is required. However, quantitative modeling of the mitochondria-ROS generating pathway based on experiment and systemic analysis using the model have not been attempted so far. Thus, we conducted experiments to measure the concentration changes of critical molecules associated with mitochondrial apoptosis in both human mesothelioma H2052 and their ρ0 cells lacking mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Based on the experiments, a novel mathematical model that can represent the essential dynamics of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway induced by cisplatin was developed. The kinetic parameter values of the mathematical model were estimated from the experimental data. Then, we have investigated the dynamical properties of this model and predicted the apoptosis levels for various concentrations of cisplatin beyond the range of experiments. From parametric perturbation analysis, we further found that apoptosis will reach its saturation level beyond a certain critical cisplatin concentration.
Primary-Backup Based Fault-tolerant Dynamic Scheduling of Tasks in Multiprocessor Real-time Systems

Multiprocessor systems are fast emerging as a powerful computing tool for real-time applications. The reliability required of real-time systems leads to the need for faulttolerance in such systems. One way of achieving faulttolerance is by Primary-Backup (PB) approach in which two versions of a task are run on two di erent processors. In this paper, we compare and contrast three basic PB approaches (i) primary-backup exclusive, (ii) primarybackup concurrent, and (iii) primary-backup overlapping in the context of dynamic scheduling of real-time tasks. Our simulation studies reveal some interesting results about the relative performance of these approaches.
The Performance of Socially Responsible Mutual Funds: The Role of Fees and Management Companies

In this article, we shed light on the debate about the financial performance of socially responsible investment (SRI) mutual funds by separately analyzing the contributions of before-fee performance and fees to SRI funds’ performance, and by investigating the role played by fund management companies in the determination of those variables. We apply the matching estimator methodology to obtain our results and find that in the period 1997–2005, US SRI funds had better before- and after-fee performance than conventional funds with similar characteristics. The differences, however, are driven exclusively by SRI funds run by management companies specialized in SRI. While these funds significantly outperform similar conventional funds, funds run by companies not specialized in SRI underperform their matched conventional funds. We find no significant differences in fees between SRI and conventional funds except in one case: SRI funds are cheaper than conventional funds run by the same management company.
Generative Story Worlds as Linear Logic Programs

Linear logic programming languages have been identified in prior work as viable for specifying stories and analyzing their causal structure. We investigate the use of such a language for specifying story worlds, or settings where generalized narrative actions have uniform effects (not specific to a particular set of characters or setting elements), which may create emergent behavior through feedback loops. We show a sizable example of a story world specified in the language Celf and discuss its interpretation as a story-generating program, a simulation, and an interactive narrative. Further, we show that the causal analysis tools available by virtue of using a proof-theoretic language for specification can assist the author in reasoning about the structure and consequences of emergent stories.
The case for objective Bayesian analysis

Bayesian statistical practice makes extensive use of versions of ob- jective Bayesian analysis. We discuss why this is so, and address some of the criticisms that have been raised concerning objective Bayesian analysis. The dan- gers of treating the issue too casually are also considered. In particular, we suggest that the statistical community should accept formal objective Bayesian techniques with confldence, but should be more cautious about casual objective Bayesian techniques.
Robust face detection from complex scene using multi-experts

In this paper, we propose a robust face detection approach by combining multiple experts in both cascade and parallel manner. We design three detection experts which employ different feature representation schemes of local images: 2D Haar wavelet, gradient direction, and Gabor filter. The three features are classified using the same classification model, namely, a polynomial neural network (PNN) on reduced feature subspace. The detection experts are used in multiple stages. At each stage, only when the output similarity of face exceeds a threshold, is the succeeding expert invoked to output a new similarity. To speed up detection, simpler (less time consuming) experts are used in preceding stages and complex experts are used in the succeeding stages. Meanwhile, the output of each expert is combined with the outputs of its preceding experts to improve detection accuracy. The effectiveness of the multi-expert approach has been demonstrated in experiments on a large number of images.
Forensic applications of the MMPI-2.

Preface - Yossef S Ben-Porath and John R Graham Scientific Bases of Forensic Applications of the MMPI-2 - Yossef S Ben-Porath and John R Graham The Legal Basis of Forensic Applications of the MMPI-2 - James R P Ogloff Psychometric Issues in Forensic Applications of the MMPI-2 - Irving B Weiner Detecting Distortion in Forensic Evaluations with the MMPI-2 - David T R Berry Use of the MMPI-2 in the Assessment of Criminal Responsibility - Richard Rogers and Geoffrey R McKee Use of the MMPI-2 in Correctional Settings - Edwin I Megargee and Joyce L Carbonell Risk Assessment with the MMPI-2 in Forensic Evaluations - Kirk Heilburn and Alfred B Heilburn Jr Personality Patterns of Personal Injury Litigants - James N Butcher The Role of Computer-Based MMPI-2 Evaluations Use of the MMPI and the MMPI-2 in Forensic Neuropsychological Evaluations - Linda D Nelson Use of the MMPI-2/MMPI-A in Child Custody Evaluations - Randy K Otto and Robert P Collins Forensic Applications of the MMPI-2 - John R Graham, Yossef S Ben-Porath and Kathleen P Stafford Current Status and Future Directions
Usability requirements for requirement engineering tools

Requirement engineering (RE) tools are necessary for several reasons: they allow engineers to manage an increasing amount of information, to maintain traceability between requirements, solution and tests, and to evaluate requirement change impact on the solution and test. \This article proposes an analysis of system engineering practices in the aeronautical industry, with a focus on requirement engineering. From contextual interviews, we have identified scenarios reflecting system engineers's activity related to the editing and management of requirements. The analysis of these scenarios has allowed us to elicit usability requirements for RE tools, more precise than "user-friendly". These usability requirements will feed our future work on RE tool design.
Automated Real‐time Analysis of Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiograms

BackgroundAlthough transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) produces real-time images depicting left ventricular (LV) filling and ejection, the quantitative analysis of these images has been too time consuming to be of practical value in the operating room. Therefore, the authors investigated whether a new automated border detection system (ABD) could track the endocardial border continuously and compute the cross-sectional area of the LV cavity. MethodsUsing data from 25 patients who were monitored with TEE as part of their routine clinical care, the authors compared ABD estimates of LV end-diastolic area (EDA in square centimeters), end-systolic area (ESA in square centimeters), and fractional area change (FAC) with the laboratory measurements made independently by an expert. ResultsABD slightly underestimated EDA (10.7 ± 1.0 vs. 11.2 ± 1.0 cm2) and slightly overestimated ESA (5.6 ± 0.7 vs. 4.8 ± 0.6 cm2, mean ± standard error). However, when ABD track-ing of the endocardlal border was judged as “good” or “excellent” (84% of the patients at end diastole and 72% at end systole), the limits of agreement between ABD and the expert's findings were within the limits expected for two experts. By contrast, ABD significantly underestimated FAC (0.44 ± 0.03 vs. 0.56 ± 0.03) and the limits of agreement between ABD and the expert were more than twice as great as expected for experts, even when ABD performance was judged as “excellent. ” ConclusionThe authors conclude that, when ABD appears to be performing adequately, it underestimates LV FAC, but provides valid real-time estimates of LV EDA and ESA. Thus, it warrants further evaluation as a potentially powerful clinical and research tool.
Characterization of the vitamin D-dependent Ca2+-binding sites in rat intestinal Golgi-enriched membrane fractions.

Rat intestinal Golgi-enriched membrane fractions take up Ca2+ by a vitamin D-dependent process that has been shown to recover within 15 min of repletion of vitamin D-deficient animals with intravenous 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. The present paper reports studies characterizing the Ca2+-binding sites of these membrane fractions. Equilibrium binding of Ca2+ at concentrations between 5 and 400 microM showed significant decreases at all concentrations in membranes derived from vitamin D-deficient animals when compared with normal control-diet-fed animals. The predominant class of binding sites had a relatively high affinity for Ca2+ (KD approx. 3 microM). Vitamin D-deficiency did not change the affinity of this class of site, but decreased the number from 347 +/- 26 to 168 +/- 50 nmol of Ca2+ bound/mg of protein (means +/- S.D.). Mg2+ inhibited binding only at low Ca2+ concentrations, and the characteristics of this binding suggested positive co-operativity between two binding sites. Equimolar concentrations of Zn2+, La3+, Pb2+ and Mn2+ inhibited Ca2+ binding by over 50%. Increased ionic strength decreased Ca2+ binding by no more than half. Binding was maximal at pH 7.5 and half-maximal at pH 6.3. The large number of binding sites with relatively high affinity for Ca2+ suggests that it is unlikely that this binding is to any specific protein or to non-specific sites present on many proteins, and that the most likely sites are lipid molecules.
Automated three-dimensional axis mapping with a mobile platform

An axis map (AM) represents the orientations of planar surfaces in an environment and is void of positional information. Three-dimensional axis mapping (3DAM) is a graph-based optimization algorithm that generates an AM, while carefully addressing the parameterization of axes (i.e., normal vectors). 3DAM exploits the lack of positional information to form a densely connected graph. This paper provides a detailed description of the parameterization of axes, an outline of the 3DAM algorithm, as well as outdoor experimental results showing the usefulness of AMs as a tool for mobile autonomous geotechnical mapping.
Applicability of the “Emotiv EEG Neuroheadset” as a user-friendly input interface

We aimed to develop an input interface by using the P3 component of visual event-related potentials (ERPs). When using electroencephalography (EEG) in daily applications, coping with ocular-motor artifacts and ensuring that the equipment is user-friendly are both important. To address the first issue, we applied a previously proposed method that applies an unmixing matrix to acquire independent components (ICs) obtained from another dataset. For the second issue, we introduced a 14-channel EEG commercial headset called the “Emotiv EEG Neuroheadset”. An advantage of the Emotiv headset is that users can put it on by themselves within 1 min without any specific skills. However, only a few studies have investigated whether EEG and ERP signals are accurately measured by Emotiv. Additionally, no electrodes of the Emotiv headset are located over the centroparietal area of the head where P3 components are reported to show large amplitudes. Therefore, we first demonstrated that the P3 components obtained by the headset and by commercial plate electrodes and a multipurpose bioelectric amplifier during an oddball task were comparable. Next, we confirmed that eye-blink and ocular movement components could be decomposed by independent component analysis (ICA) using the 14-channel signals measured by the headset. We also demonstrated that artifacts could be removed with an unmixing matrix, as long as the matrix was obtained from the same person, even if they were measured on different days. Finally, we confirmed that the fluctuation of the sampling frequency of the Emotiv headset was not a major problem.
A framework for applying an intelligent agent to monitor, interpret, and report risk of online computer game addiction in children and early adolescents in Thailand

An intelligent agent for monitoring, interpreting, and reporting risk of online computer game addiction in children and early adolescents in Thailand was designed with the aim to help parents, clinicians, and experts recognize behaviors of young individuals who take part in computer and online gaming. The information studied includes the type of gaming, as well as the duration and frequency of play. Conversations during gaming are also reviewed, which can demonstrate rudeness, anger, and need for control of the game. Such factors are interpreted as a risk of gaming addiction in children and early adolescents, and will consequently lead to a preventive-care plan to prevent a higher level of gaming addiction. Recognition of these factors can also lead to treatment of lower rates of addiction, and can reduce errors in basic gaming addiction assessments. The present-day self-assessment works to ameliorate gaming addiction issues in children and early adolescents in Thailand Self-assessment is a passive practice, but it can work as a very powerful proactive remedy.
Clinical investigation of lesions of the visual pathway: a new objective technique.

There have been several previous reports of the use of the gross electrical brain potentials evoked by visual stimulation (evoked potentials) to provide objective indications in visual disorders (Vaughan, Katzman, and Taylor, 1963; Copenhaver and Beinhocker, 1963; Vaughan and Katzman, 1964; Potts and Nagaya, 1965; Nagata and Jacobson, 1966; Balen, Gon, and Hellendoorn, 1966; Schreinemachers and Henkes, 1968; Jacobson, Hirose, and Suzuki, 1968). A popular method has been to direct brief, very bright, flashes of light into one or both eyes, and to extract the scalp evoked potentials from the spontaneous EEG by computer averaging. The potentials evoked in this way are not easily quantified, and it is therefore difficult to define clearly the difference between 'normal' and 'abnormal' responses. It is also difficult to compare the integrities of foveal and extrafoveal pathways. The notorious variability of evoked potentials imposes a severe limitation on the precision with which relationships may rapidly be measured between responses to stimulations of different areas of the retina, when such stimulations are performed successively (Copenhaver and Beinhocker, 1963; Potts and Nagaya, 1965; Nagata and Jacobson, 1966; Balen et al., 1966; Jacobson et al., 1968; Schreinemachers and Henkes, 1968). This is a preliminary report of a new method of investigating visual field defects which is objective, fairly rapid, non-traumatic, and makes comparatively small demands on the patient. We have developed a method which enables two areas of the retina to be stimulated simultaneously and weakly. The results of this are to minimize the effect of evoked potential variability, to minimize the effect of light scattered within the eye, and to improve patient cooperation. Our method gives results in both visual and quantitative forms, and can distinguish between different parts of the visual field by using different kinds of stimuli.