Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sodium Iodide Symporter ( Na + / I-Symporter ) in Radionuclide Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy

Received 4/21/2003; revised 05/23/2003; accepted 5/30/2003. For correspondence or reprints contact: Wen-Sheng Huang, M.D., Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O. C. Tel: (886)2-87927216, Fax: (886)2-87927217, E-mail: wshuang@ms22.url. com.tw The Na/I symporter (NIS) is the membrane protein mediating iodide translocation across cell membrane into cell using sodium gradient. NIS mediated iodine concentrating activity is the molecular basis for radioiodine imaging and therapy in patients with thyroid disorders. Prior to molecular cloning of NIS, the existence of alternative NIS substrate such as 99mTcO4 and the biodistribution of NIS have been suggested from the practice of nuclear medicine in thyroid and non-thyroid imaging. Now that our understanding of NIS has been expanded through the molecular characterization and regulation of NIS expression. To improve the therapeutic strategy of thyroid cancers by enhancing NIS expression/function has been on trial. Furthermore, a novel therapeutic approach by NIS gene delivery to facilitate radioiodine (or other radioactive NIS substrates) in non-thyroid malignancies has been proposed and studies in animal models. Additionally, the feasibility and usefulness of NIS gene expression as a reporter to monitor transgene activity is actively investigated in world-class research institutes. As a reporter gene, NIS is more attractive for the readiness of single photon emission tomography and the availability of 99mTcO4 in most nuclear medicine facilities. Thus, NIS has the potential to serve as a dual gene for radionuclide imaging and therapy.
Design of low power logic gates by using 32nm and 16nm FinFET technology

In today's world different technologies are present in case of electronics market. The electronics market grown very rapidly because of most of the devices are compact, innovative, giving more efficiency and consumes less power with very small supply voltage. Because of the advancement in the semiconductor technology, integration of whole electronics system on a single chip is practicable. We have seen the change in the semiconductor technology from personal computer to the laptops and then to the cell phones and thus the mobile and computing markets are continue to innovate at dramatic rate. For all this, the most viable successor is a CMOS technology. But the 22nm node of CMOS fails to perform these operations because the shrinking of this CMOS leads to the short channel effect. Multigate FET technology is the most feasible successor to planar CMOS technology at the 22-nm node and beyond. These multi-gate transistors are called fin field-effect transistors (FinFET). Design of NOR and NAND circuits is present in this paper, to improve the speed and power of these gates. Also in this paper, the comparative study of different performance parameters for CMOS and FinFET technology for basic logic gates is present. Dynamic power, current, static power are some parameters which are evaluated with the help of tanner EDA tool.
Automated Re-factoring of Android Apps to Enhance Energy-Efficiency

Mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, are energy constrained by nature. Therefore, apps targeted for such platforms must be energy-efficient. However, due to the use of energy oblivious design practices often this is not the case. In this paper, we present a light-weight re-factoring technique that can assist in energy-aware app development. Our technique relies on a set of energy-efficiency guidelines that encodes the optimal usage of energy-intensive (hardware) resources in an app. Given a prototype for an app, our technique begins by generating a design-expression for it. A design-expression can be described as a regular-expression representing the ordering of energy-intensive resource usages and invocation of key functionalities (event-handlers) within the app. It also generates a set of defect-expressions that are design-expressions representing the negation of energy-efficiency guidelines. A non-empty intersection between an app’s design-expression and a defect expression indicates violation of a guideline (and therefore, potential for re-factoring). To evaluate the efficacy of our re-factoring technique we analyzed a suite of open-source Android apps using our technique. The resultant re-factoring when applied reduced the energy-consumption of these apps between 3 % to 29 %. We also present a case study for one of our subject apps, that captures its design evolution over a period of two-years and more than 200 commits. Our framework found re-factoring opportunities in a number of these commits, that could have been implemented earlier on in the development stages had the developer used an energy-aware re-factoring technique such as the one presented in this work.
Assemblage of a Semi-Arid Annual Plant Community: Abiotic and Biotic Filters Act Hierarchically

The study of species coexistence and community assembly has been a hot topic in ecology for decades. Disentangling the hierarchical role of abiotic and biotic filters is crucial to understand community assembly processes. The most critical environmental factor in semi-arid environments is known to be water availability, and perennials are usually described as nurses that create milder local conditions and expand the niche range of several species. We aimed to broaden this view by jointly evaluating how biological soil crusts (BSCs), water availability, perennial species (presence/absence of Stipa tenacissima) and plant-plant interactions shape a semi-arid annual plant community. The presence and cover of annual species was monitored during three years of contrasting climate. Water stress acted as the primary filter determining the species pool available for plant community assembly. Stipa and BSCs acted as secondary filters by modulating the effects of water availability. At extremely harsh environmental conditions, Stipa exerted a negative effect on the annual plant community, while at more benign conditions it increased annual community richness. Biological soil crusts exerted a contradictory effect depending on climate and on the presence of Stipa, favoring annuals in the most adverse conditions but showing repulsion at higher water availability conditions. Finally, interactions among co-occurring annuals shaped species richness and diversity of the final annual plant assembly. This study sheds light on the processes determining the assembly of annual communities and highlights the importance of Biological Soil Crusts and of interactions among annual plants on the final outcome of the species assembly.
Arterial Stiffness and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Background We investigated the relationship between peripheral neuropathy and parameters of arterial stiffness and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material/Methods The study included 161 patients (80 females and 81 males), 69 of whom had peripheral neuropathy. All patients underwent 24-h blood pressure monitoring, and arterial stiffness parameters were measured. The CIMT was measured using B-mode ultrasonography and patients also underwent transthoracic echocardiographic examination. Results Patients with peripheral neuropathy, compared with those without it, were older (54.68±8.35 years vs. 51.04±7.89 years; p=0.005) and had T2DM for longer periods (60 vs. 36 months; p=0.004). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values (8.55±1.85 mg/dL vs. 7.30±1.51 mg/dL; p<0.001), pulse wave velocity (PWV) (7.74±1.14 m/s vs. 7.15±1.10 m/s; p=0.001), CIMT (anterior 0.74±0.15 mm vs. 0.67±0.13 mm; p=0.01), and left ventricular mass (LVM) index (98.68±26.28 g/m2 vs. 89.71±19.70 g/m2; p=0.02) were all significantly increased in the group with peripheral neuropathy compared to the group without peripheral neuropathy. We determined that duration of diabetes, HbA1c, and LVM index were predictors of peripheral neuropathy. Conclusions A significant relationship was found between diabetic neuropathy and increased PWV, a parameter of arterial stiffness, as well as CIMT, a marker of systemic atherosclerosis. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy may be a determinant of subclinical atherosclerosis in T2DM.
A Comparison of Efficient Global Image Features for Localizing Small Mobile Robots

Global image features are well-suited for the visual self-localization of mobile robots. They are fast to compute, to compare and do not require much storage space. Especially when using small mobile robots with limited processing capabilities and low-resolution cameras, global features can be preferred to local features. In this paper, we compare the accuracy and computation times of different global image features when localizing small mobile robots. We test the methods under realistic conditions, taking illumination changes and translations into account. By employing a particle filter and reducing the image resolution, we speed up the localization process considerably.
GRNN-based error-compensating algorithms in feeding beam of tunnel Rock-drilling robot

Tests showed that, at the feeding beam's end, there are large position and pose error during the boring orientation of Rock-drilling robot. And the error are relate to both the roll angle and the extended length of the feeding beam. With analyzing the flexible deformation about different fed length, it is showed that flexible deformation is not the main reason of the error. The error is also caused by many reasons which are difficult to establish the mathematical model. In this paper, a GRNN (General Regression Neural Network) method is introduced into predicting and compensating orientation error, and satisfactory results have been obtained.
Stress-Inducible Expression of an F-box Gene TaFBA1 from Wheat Enhanced the Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco Plants without Impacting Growth and Development

E3 ligase plays an important role in the response to many environment stresses in plants. In our previous study, constitutive overexpression of an F-box protein gene TaFBA1 driven by 35S promoter improved the drought tolerance in transgenic tobacco plants, but the growth and development in transgenic plants was altered in normal conditions. In this study, we used stress-inducible promoter RD29A instead of 35S promoter, as a results, the stress-inducible transgenic tobacco plants exhibit a similar phenotype with wild type (WT) plants. However, the drought tolerance of the transgenic plants with stress-inducible expressed TaFBA1 was enhanced. The improved drought tolerance of transgenic plants was indicated by their higher seed germination rate and survival rate, greater biomass and photosynthesis than those of WT under water stress, which may be related to their greater water retention capability and osmotic adjustment. Moreover, the transgenic plants accumulated less reactive oxygen species, kept lower MDA content and membrane leakage under water stress, which may be related to their higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activity and upregulated gene expression of some antioxidant enzymes. These results suggest that stress induced expression of TaFBA1 confers drought tolerance via the improved water retention and antioxidative compete ability. Meanwhile, this stress-inducible expression strategy by RD29A promoter can minimize the unexpectable effects by 35S constitutive promoter on phenotypes of the transgenic plants.
Role of fathers in social and emotional development of their adolescents across their working profile

The present research study was carried out to explore and compare the level of social and emotional maturity of adolescents across occupation of fathers. The sample was comprised of randomly selected 277 students studying in class XI at Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. Social Maturity Scale by Rao (1986), Emotional Maturity Scale by Singh and Bharagava (2006) and a self-designed questionnaire were employed to collect data. The result of the study highlighted the significant influence of fathers’ occupation on social and emotional maturity of adolescents. Adolescents of class 1 and class 2 service holders were identified to possess significantly higher level of social and emotional maturity than those of class 3 and class 4 service holders. The findings revealed the importance of father’s occupation in one’s life as adolescents of higher service classwere found significantly morepersonally, inter-personally and socially adequate; emotionally stable and progressive; socially adjusted and independent than their counterparts. Hence, the study suggests that occupational level of father plays an authoritative role in grooming the maturity of an adolescent.
XI-1 Interactive Search Strategies and Dynamic File Organization in Information Retrieval

A great deal of effort has been devoted in recent years to the evaluation of automatic or semi-automatic information retrieval systems. Recent evaluation results indicate that the search effectiveness presently achieved, or likely to be achievable in the foreseeable future, is much smaller than expected by a majority of the potential user population. Furthermore, theoretical advances in language analysis and data organization promise only relatively modest future improvements. The most significant advances in retrieval effectiveness are likely to be obtained by adaptive interaction techniques that extract information from the user during the search process to improve the organization of the data space, thereby providing more effective search and retrieval operations. The various user feedback techniques described either modify the user queries in such a way as to bring these queries close:to existing groups of relevant documents, or modify the document space to bring relevant documents closer to the corresponding search requests. 1. Retrieval System Performance Over the past few years, the design of improved information storage and retrieval systems has become important to an increasing segment of the technically trained population. As a result, considerable attention has been paid to the development of automatic or semi-automatic hardware and software
A Performance of Centrality Calculation in Social Networks

To analyze large social networks a lot of effort and resources are usually required. Network analysis offers many centrality measures that are successfully utilized in the process of investigating the social network characteristics. One of them is node position, which can be used to assess the importance of a given node within either the whole social network or the smaller subgroup. Three algorithms that can be utilized in the process of node position evaluation are presented in the paper: PIN Edges, PIN Nodes, and PIN hybrid. Also, different algorithms for indegree and outdegree prestige measures have been developed and tested. According to the experiments performed, the algorithms based on processing of edges are always faster than the others.
Mechanisms of improvement of respiratory failure in patients with COPD treated with NIV

Background Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) improves gas-exchange and symptoms in selected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure. We hypothesized NIV reverses respiratory failure by one or all of increased ventilatory response to carbon-dioxide, reduced respiratory muscle fatigue, or improved pulmonary mechanics. Methods Nineteen stable COPD patients (forced expiratory volume in one second 35% predicted) were studied at baseline (D0), 5–8 days (D5) and 3 months (3M) after starting NIV. Results Ventilator use was 6.2 (3.7) hours per night at D5 and 3.4 (1.6) at 3M (p = 0.12). Mean (SD) daytime arterial carbon-dioxide tension (PaCO2) was reduced from 7.4 (1.2) kPa to 7.0 (1.1) kPa at D5 and 6.5 (1.1) kPa at 3M (p = 0.001). Total lung capacity decreased from 107 (28) % predicted to 103 (28) at D5 and 103 (27) % predicted at 3M (p = 0.035). At D5 there was an increase in the hypercapnic ventilatory response and some volitional measures of inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength, but not isolated diaphragmatic strength whether assessed by volitional or nonvolitional methods. Conclusion These findings suggest decreased gas trapping and increased ventilatory sensitivity to CO2 are the principal mechanism underlying improvements in gas-exchange in patients with COPD following NIV. Changes in some volitional but not nonvolitional muscle strength measures may reflect improved patient effort.
Stability analysis of discrete-time piecewise-affine systems over non-invariant domains

This paper analyzes stability of discrete-time piecewise-affine systems defined on non-invariant domains. An algorithm based on linear programming is proposed, in order to prove the exponential stability of the origin and to find a positively invariant estimate of the region of attraction. The theoretical results are based on the definition of a piecewise-affine, possibly discontinuous, Lyapunov function. The proposed method presents a relatively low computational burden, and is proven to lead to feasible solutions in a broader range of cases with respect to a previously proposed approach.
N=8 Bps Black Holes Preserving 1/8 Supersymmetry

In the context of N = 8 supergravity we consider BPS black–holes that preserve 1/8 supersymmetry. It was shown in a previous paper that, modulo U –duality transformations of E 7(7) the most general solution of this type can be reduced to a black-hole of the STU model. In this paper we analize this solution in detail, considering in particular its embedding in one of the possible Special Kähler manifold compatible with the consistent truncations to N = 2 supergravity, this manifold being the moduli space of the T 6 /Z Z 3 orbifold, that is: SU (3, 3)/SU (3) × U (3). This construction requires a crucial use of the Solvable Lie Algebra formalism. Once the goup-theoretical analisys is done, starting from a static, spherically symmetric ansätz, we find an exact solution for all the scalars (both dilaton and axion-like) and for gauge fields, together with their already known charge-dependent fixed values, which yield a U –duality invariant entropy. We give also a complete translation dictionary between the Solvable Lie Algebra and the Special Kähler formalisms in order to let comparison with other papers on similar issues being more immediate. Although the explicit solution is given in a simplified case where the equations turn out to be more manageable, it encodes all the features of the more general one, namely it has non-vanishing entropy and the scalar fields have a non-trivial radial dependence.
Going out: robust model-based tracking for outdoor augmented reality

This paper presents a model-based hybrid tracking system for outdoor augmented reality in urban environments enabling accurate, realtime overlays for a handheld device. The system combines several well-known approaches to provide a robust experience that surpasses each of the individual components alone: an edge-based tracker for accurate localisation, gyroscope measurements to deal with fast motions, measurements of gravity and magnetic field to avoid drift, and a back store of reference frames with online frame selection to re-initialize automatically after dynamic occlusions or failures. A novel edge-based tracker dispenses with the conventional edge model, and uses instead a coarse, but textured, 3D model. This yields several advantages: scale-based detail culling is automatic, appearance-based edge signatures can be used to improve matching and the models needed are more commonly available. The accuracy and robustness of the resulting system is demonstrated with comparisons to map-based ground truth data.
Spam ain't as diverse as it seems: throttling OSN spam with templates underneath

In online social networks (OSNs), spam originating from friends and acquaintances not only reduces the joy of Internet surfing but also causes damage to less security-savvy users. Prior countermeasures combat OSN spam from different angles. Due to the diversity of spam, there is hardly any existing method that can independently detect the majority or most of OSN spam. In this paper, we empirically analyze the textual pattern of a large collection of OSN spam. An inspiring finding is that the majority (63.0%) of the collected spam is generated with underlying templates. We therefore propose extracting templates of spam detected by existing methods and then matching messages against the templates toward accurate and fast spam detection. We implement this insight through Tangram, an OSN spam filtering system that performs online inspection on the stream of user-generated messages. Tangram automatically divides OSN spam into segments and uses the segments to construct templates to filter future spam. Experimental results show that Tangram is highly accurate and can rapidly generate templates to throttle newly emerged campaigns. Specifically, Tangram detects the most prevalent template-based spam with 95.7% true positive rate, whereas the existing template generation approach detects only 32.3%. The integration of Tangram and its auxiliary spam filter achieves an overall accuracy of 85.4% true positive rate and 0.33% false positive rate.
Phase space multiple refresh: a versatile statistical enhancement method for Monte Carlo device simulation

In this abstract we describe a new Multiple Refresh (MR) technique for Monte Carlo (MC) device simulation which is an improved version of a method developed for bulk simulations. The purpose of this method is to enhance statistics of rare events (e.g. impact ionisation, oxide injection) without increasing the number of common events (i.e. low energetic particles). The MR technique allows to control directly the stochastic noise of the MC simulation in predefined regions of phase space by maintaining a given number of particles in these regions. We apply the method to an LDD-NMOSFET.
A Coordinate Descent Algorithm for Complex Joint Diagonalization Under Hermitian and Transpose Congruences

This paper deals with the problem of joint complex matrix diagonalization by considering both the Hermitian and transpose congruences. We address the general case where the searched diagonalizing matrix is a priori nonunitary. Based on the minimization of a quadratic criterion, we propose a flexible algorithm in the sense that it allows to directly consider a rectangular diagonalizing matrix and to take into consideration both the Hermitian and transpose congruences within the same framework. The proposed algorithm is a coordinate descent algorithm that is based on an approximate criterion leading to the analytical derivation of the minima arguments. Computer simulations are drawn to illustrate the usefulness and performances of the algorithm and a comparison to state-of-the-art algorithms is presented. Finally, an application to independent component analysis based on fourth-order statistics is also presented.
Claret: using data types for highly concurrent distributed transactions

Out of the many NoSQL databases in use today, some that provide simple data structures for records, such as Redis and MongoDB, are now becoming popular. Building applications out of these complex data types provides a way to communicate intent to the database system without sacrificing flexibility or committing to a fixed schema. Currently this capability is leveraged in limited ways, such as to ensure related values are co-located, or for atomic updates. There are many ways data types can be used to make databases more efficient that are not yet being exploited. We explore several ways of leveraging abstract data type (ADT) semantics in databases, focusing primarily on commutativity. Using a Twitter clone as a case study, we show that using commutativity can reduce transaction abort rates for high-contention, update-heavy workloads that arise in real social networks. We conclude that ADTs are a good abstraction for database records, providing a safe and expressive programming model with ample opportunities for optimization, making databases more safe and scalable.