Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Mixed-Methods Study Using a Nonclinical Sample to Measure Feasibility of Ostrich Community: A Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program for Individuals With Debt and Associated Stress

Background There are increasing concerns about the health and well-being of individuals facing financial troubles. For instance, in the United Kingdom, the relationship between debt and mental health difficulties is becoming more evident due to the economic downturn and welfare reform. Access to debt counseling services is limited and individuals may be reluctant to access services due to stigma. In addition, most of these services may not be appropriately resourced to address the psychological impact of debt. This study describes outcomes from an Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) program, Ostrich Community (OC), which was developed to provide support to those struggling with debt and associated psychological distress. Objective The aim of this feasibility study was to assess the suitability and acceptability of the OC program in a nonclinical sample and examine mental health and well-being outcomes from using the program. Methods A total of 15 participants (who were not suffering from severe financial difficulty) were assisted in working through the 8-week ICBT program. Participants rated usability and satisfaction with the program, and after completion 7 participants took part in a semistructured interview to provide further feedback. Before the first session and after the final session all participants completed questionnaires to measure well-being and levels of depression, stress, and anxiety and pre- and postscores were compared. Results Satisfaction was high and themes emerging from the interviews indicate that the program has the potential to promote effective financial behaviors and improve financial and global psychosocial well-being. When postcompletion scores were compared with those taken before the program, significant improvements were identified on psychometric measures of well-being, stress, and anxiety. Conclusions The OC program is the first ICBT program that targets poor mental health associated with financial difficulty. This feasibility study indicates that OC may be an effective intervention for increasing financial resilience, supporting individuals to become financially independent, and promoting positive financial and global well-being. Further work with individuals suffering from debt and associated emotional difficulties will help to examine clinical effectiveness more closely.
Physical-based analytical model of flexible a-IGZO TFTs accounting for both charge injection and transport

Here we show a new physical-based analytical model of a-IGZO TFTs. TFTs scaling from L=200 μm to L=15 μm and fabricated on plastic foil are accurately reproduced with a unique set of parameters. The model is used to design a zero-VGS inverter. It is a valuable tool for circuit design and technology characterization.
Down‐regulation of the non‐coding RNA H19 and its derived miR‐675 is concomitant with up‐regulation of insulin‐like growth factor receptor type 1 during neural‐like differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

The differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into specific lineages offers new opportunities to use the therapeutic efficiency of these pluripotent cells in regenerative medicine. Multiple lines of evidence have revealed that non‐coding RNAs play major roles in the differentiation of BMSCs into neural cells. Here, we applied a cocktail of neural inducing factors (NIFs) to differentiate BMSCs into neural‐like cells. Our data demonstrated that during neurogenic induction, BMSCs obtained a neuron‐like morphology. Also, the results of gene expression analysis by qRT‐PCR showed progressively increasing expression levels of neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) as well as microtubule‐associated protein 2 (MAP‐2) and immunocytochemical staining detected the expression of these neuron‐specific markers along differentiated BMSC bodies and cytoplasmic processes, confirming the differentiation of BMSCs into neuronal lineages. We also compared differences in the expression levels of the long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 and H19‐derived miR‐675 between undifferentiated and neurally differentiated BMSCs and found that during neural differentiation down‐regulation of the lncRNA H19/miR‐675 axis is concomitant with up‐regulation of insulin‐like growth factor type‐1 (IGF‐1R), a well‐established target of miR‐675 involved in neurogenesis. The findings of the current study provide support for the hypothesis that miR‐675 may confer functionality to H19, suggesting a key role for this miRNA in the neural differentiation of BSMCs. However, further investigation is required to gain deeper insights into the biological roles of this miRNA in the complex process of neurogenesis.
Variations in Facebook Posting Patterns Across Validated Patient Health Conditions: A Prospective Cohort Study

Background Social media is emerging as an insightful platform for studying health. To develop targeted health interventions involving social media, we sought to identify the patient demographic and disease predictors of frequency of posting on Facebook. Objective The aims were to explore the language topics correlated with frequency of social media use across a cohort of social media users within a health care setting, evaluate the differences in the quantity of social media postings across individuals with different disease diagnoses, and determine if patients could accurately predict their own levels of social media engagement. Methods Patients seeking care at a single, academic, urban, tertiary care emergency department from March to October 2014 were queried on their willingness to share data from their Facebook accounts and electronic medical records (EMRs). For each participant, the total content of Facebook posts was extracted. Using the latent Dirichlet allocation natural language processing technique, Facebook language topics were correlated with frequency of Facebook use. The mean number of Facebook posts over 6 months prior to enrollment was then compared across validated health outcomes in the sample. Results A total of 695 patients consented to provide access to their EMR and social media data. Significantly correlated language topics among participants with the highest quartile of posts contained health terms, such as “cough,” “headaches,” and “insomnia. ” When adjusted for demographics, individuals with a history of depression had significantly higher posts (mean 38, 95% CI 28-50) than individuals without a history of depression (mean 22, 95% CI 19-26, P=.001). Except for depression, across prevalent health outcomes in the sample (hypertension, diabetes, asthma), there were no significant posting differences between individuals with or without each condition. Conclusions High-frequency posters in our sample were more likely to post about health and to have a diagnosis of depression. The direction of causality between depression and social media use requires further evaluation. Our findings suggest that patients with depression may be appropriate targets for health-related interventions on social media.
Iatrogenic Effect? Cautions when Utilizing an Early Health Education for Post-concussion Symptoms

Objective Patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) usually suffer from the post-concussion symptoms (PCS). PCS could recover by 3 months post-injury, but some patients still persistently complain of those symptoms for years. Accordingly, the Chang-Gung University Brief Intervention for Post-Concussion Symptoms (CGU-BIPCS) was developed to intervene PCS based on the established advantages of health education. This prospective study thus aims to evaluate the effectiveness of CGU-BIPCS for patients with MTBI. Methods A total of 130 participants, which included 53 healthy participants and 77 patients with MTBI. Patients were further subdivided as two groups: "regular intervention" (RI) and "health education intervention" (EI). PCS of patients with MTBI were respectively evaluated at 2 weeks and 3 months post-injury, and symptoms of healthy participants were also examined. Results Both patients in RI and EI reported significantly more PCS than healthy participants did at 2 weeks and 3 months post-injury but less PCS at 3 months than at 2 weeks post-injury. However, the PCS endorsement of patients in RI and EI were not significantly different. In addition, more patients in EI reported significantly PCS deterioration than patients in RI did at 3 months post-injury. Conclusions Although establishing the effectiveness of CGU-BIPCS was unsuccessful in this study, it is further suggested that a potential iatrogenic effect from this kind of early interventions should never be overlooked.
Observation of Skyrmions at Room-temperature in Amorphous Fe/Gd Films

Magnetic bubbles, investigated in the 1970s as potential data storage media 1 , have seen a recent surge in scientific inquiry due to the their topological spin textures [1]. A specific type of bubble with whirling magnetic spins (see Fig. 1) called a skyrmion is the major driving force behind these investigations. Skyrmions are characterized by a non-zero chirality or topological charge, given by Ns = ∫ m ∙ (∂xm × ∂ym)dxdy, where m is the normalized in-plane magnetization m = M(x, y) |M(x, y)| ⁄ . These spin textures were first observed in MnSi using neutron scattering [2-4]. Much of the excitement surrounding skyrmions is due to their high potential for application in spintronics [5,6]. Yu et al. observed skyrmion motion in FeGe using LTEM at current densities as low as 10 A・m, ~10 orders of magnitude lower than that required to move domain walls in ferromagnetic devices making them promising for racetrack memory applications [5-7]. While previous magnetic skyrmion research has largely been focused on non-centrosymmetric crystals where the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) stabilizes the skyrmion phase, here we present a LTEM study of an amorphous ferromagnetic material with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, consisting of an Fe/Gd multilayer film.
Long-Delay Arterial Spin Labeling Provides More Accurate Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements in Moyamoya Patients: A Simultaneous Positron Emission Tomography/MRI Study

Background and Purpose— Arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI is a promising, noninvasive technique to image cerebral blood flow (CBF) but is difficult to use in cerebrovascular patients with abnormal, long arterial transit times through collateral pathways. To be clinically adopted, ASL must first be optimized and validated against a reference standard in these challenging patient cases. Methods— We compared standard-delay ASL (post-label delay=2.025 seconds), multidelay ASL (post-label delay=0.7–3.0 seconds), and long-label long-delay ASL acquisitions (post-label delay=4.0 seconds) against simultaneous [15O]-positron emission tomography (PET) CBF maps in 15 Moyamoya patients on a hybrid PET/MRI scanner. Dynamic susceptibility contrast was performed in each patient to identify areas of mild, moderate, and severe time-to-maximum (Tmax) delays. Relative CBF measurements by each ASL scan in 20 cortical regions were compared with the PET reference standard, and correlations were calculated for areas with moderate and severe Tmax delays. Results— Standard-delay ASL underestimated relative CBF by 20% in areas of severe Tmax delays, particularly in anterior and middle territories commonly affected by Moyamoya disease (P<0.001). Arterial transit times correction by multidelay acquisitions led to improved consistency with PET, but still underestimated CBF in the presence of long transit delays (P=0.02). Long-label long-delay ASL scans showed the strongest correlation relative to PET, and there was no difference in mean relative CBF between the modalities, even in areas of severe delays. Conclusions— Post-label delay times of ≥4 seconds are needed and may be combined with multidelay strategies for robust ASL assessment of CBF in Moyamoya disease.
Mean curvature and texture constrained composite weighted random walk algorithm for optic disc segmentation towards glaucoma screening

Accurate optic disc (OD) segmentation is an important step in obtaining cup-to-disc ratio-based glaucoma screening using fundus imaging. It is a challenging task because of the subtle OD boundary, blood vessel occlusion and intensity inhomogeneity. In this Letter, the authors propose an improved version of the random walk algorithm for OD segmentation to tackle such challenges. The algorithm incorporates the mean curvature and Gabor texture energy features to define the new composite weight function to compute the edge weights. Unlike the deformable model-based OD segmentation techniques, the proposed algorithm remains unaffected by curve initialisation and local energy minima problem. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified with DRIVE, DIARETDB1, DRISHTI-GS and MESSIDOR database images using the performance measures such as mean absolute distance, overlapping ratio, dice coefficient, sensitivity, specificity and precision. The obtained OD segmentation results and quantitative performance measures show robustness and superiority of the proposed algorithm in handling the complex challenges in OD segmentation.
Cytoskeletal mechanisms in positioning of the second‐division spindles and meiotic restitution in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) microsporogenesis

Microsporogenesis patterns of the polyploid (2n = 4x = 96) and diploid (2n = 2x = 48) Nicotiana tabacum L. (cv. Havana Petit line SR1) plants have been analyzed and compared. Four types of abnormal positions of the second‐division spindles—tripolar, parallel, proximal, and fused—have been observed. Of these abnormalities, only tripolar (2.4%) and parallel (1.4%) spindles are observable in diploid plants. As for polyploids, the increased ploidy is accompanied by an increase in the incidence of tripolar (22.8%) and parallel (8.1%) spindle orientations and emergence of two remaining abnormalities (proximal and fused spindles, 3.3%). As has been shown, the spindle position abnormalities in diploid plants have no effect on the meiotic products, whereas both dyads and triads are detectable among the tetrads in polyploid plants. Analysis of cytoskeletal remodeling has allowed for the insight into the role of interzonal radial microtubule system in spindle positioning during the second division. The reason underlying the change in spindle positioning is disturbed polymerization–depolymerization processes and interdigitation of microtubule plus ends within the interzonal cytoskeleton system in late telophase I–interkinesis and prophase II. As has been demonstrated, fused second‐division spindles are formed as a result of fused cytoskeletal structures in prophase–prometaphase II in the case when the nuclei are drawn abnormally close to one another.
Dynamic Network Bandwidth Resizing for Big Data Applications

Big Data concerns processing of large volumes of digital data with high velocity and variety. Big Data technologies allow the analysis of data in real time, which is critical for various eScience applications. In order to meet the growing demand of Big Data applications, the infrastructures must be flexible enough to adapt to the characteristics of the applications. Most of the solutions presented in the literature to support Big Data applications focus on scaling processors and memory to handle a variable demand from applications. In a complementary way, this article targets the problem of adapting the network bandwidth to the amount of data to be transferred to and from the applications in order to improve the performance of the applications. For this purpose, we propose the use link aggregation protocol along with Software-Defined Network capabilities for management of the network flow. Results showed that the proposed approach improves the application's performance by up to 33%.
Quality‐of‐Life Metrics Correlate With Disease Severity in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis

Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (ISGS) can have significant impacts on quality of life (QOL), but it remains unclear how patients’ subjective responses correlate with objective measurement of disease severity. Peak expiratory flow percentage (PEF%) has been shown to be an effective measure of disease severity in subglottic stenosis. This study aims to identify the key QOL questions correlated with PEF% and proposes a statistical model for prediction of disease severity.
The Analysis of Real Data Using a Stochastic Dynamical System Able to Model Spiky Prices

In this paper we use filtering and maximum likelihood methods to solve a calibration problem for a stochastic dynamical system used to model spiky asset prices. The data used in the calibration problem are the observations at discrete times of the asset price. The model considered has been introduced by V.A. Kholodnyi in [1,2] and describes spiky as-set prices as the product of two independent stochastic processes: the spike process and the process that represents the asset prices in absence of spikes. A Markov chain is used to regulate the transitions between presence and absence of spikes. As suggested in [3] in a different context the calibration problem for this model is translated in a maximum likelihood problem with the likelihood function defined through the solution of a filtering problem. The estimated values of the model parameters are the coordinates of a constrained maximizer of the likelihood function. Furthermore, given the calibrated model, we develop a sort of tracking procedure able to forecast forward asset prices. Numerical examples using synthetic and real data of the solution of the calibration problem and of the performance of the tracking procedure are presented. The real data studied are electric power price data taken from the UK electricity market in the years 2004-2009. After calibrating the model using the spot prices, the forward prices forecasted with the tracking procedure and the observed forward prices are compared. This comparison can be seen as a way to validate the model, the formulation and the solution of the calibration problem and the forecasting procedure. The result of the comparison is satisfactory. In the website: http://www.econ.univpm.it/recchioni/finance/w10 some auxiliary material including animations that helps the understanding of this paper is shown. A more general reference to the work of the authors and of their coauthors in mathematical finance is the website: http://www.econ.univpm.it/ recchioni/finance.
Opposing roles of ICAT and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in NSC67657-induced monocytic differentiation

NSC67657 is a new steroid drug that induces monocytic differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells. Here, we demonstrate that NSC67657 has opposing effects on expression of downstream targets of inhibitor of β-catenin and TCF (ICAT) and Wnt signaling in HL60 cells. ICAT binds to β-catenin, and this interaction is further increased in NSC67657-differentiated cells. ICAT overexpression decreases expression of Wnt downstream targets and increases sensitivity of HL60 cells to NSC67657, while ICAT silencing increases Wnt signaling and delays the NSC67657-induced cell differentiation. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling increases the NSC67657-induced cell differentiation, while activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibits the differentiation, indicating Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibits NSC67657-induced monocytic differentiation of HL60 cells. Our data demonstrate the opposing roles of ICAT and Wnt signaling in the NSC67657-induced monocytic differentiation, and suggest that ICAT and Wnt signaling may serve as therapeutic targets for leukemia chemotherapy.
Exploring the Relationship Between Household Income and High School Graduation Rates in Georgia Counties

To better understand the factors that contributed to the rise in high school graduation rates between 2008 and 2015, this study explored the relationship between average household income and average four-year graduation rates for public high schools in Georgia counties in 2015. Additional economic factors including teacher salary, spending per pupil, local education revenue, maintenance and operation (M&O) tax, poverty rate and Gini index as well as social factors, including unemployment, class size, educational attainment and teen pregnancy rate were studied. Four ordinary least squares (OLS) models were generated to understand the impact of change in household income on high school graduation rates at all income levels and at the income extremes. Analysis of the results shows that household income is not statistically significant throughout the models for our full data set. When looking solely, at the upper and lower​ ​income​ ​brackets,​ ​household​ ​income​ ​is​ ​significant​ ​at​ ​the​ ​5%​ ​level.
N‐Glycomic Profiling of Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas Separates Metastatic and Nonmetastatic Disease

Context: No effective methods for separating primary pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas with metastatic potential are currently available. The identification of specific asparagine‐linked glycan (N‐glycan) structures, which are associated with metastasized pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas, may serve as a diagnostic tool. Objective: To identify differences in N‐glycomic profiles of primary metastasized and nonmetastasized pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. Setting: This study was conducted at Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, and Glykos Finland Ltd. and included 16 pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas: 8 primary metastasized pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas and 8 nonmetastasized tumors. Methods: N‐glycan structures were analyzed with matrix‐assisted laser desorption‐ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) profiling of formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue samples. Main Outcome Measure: N‐glycan profile of tumor tissue. Results: Four groups of neutral N‐glycan signals were more abundant in metastasized tumors than in nonmetastasized tumors: complex‐type N‐glycan signals of cancer‐associated terminal N‐acetylglucosamine, multifucosylated glycans (complex fucosylation), hybrid‐type N‐glycans, and fucosylated pauci‐mannose‐type N‐glycans. Three groups of acidic N‐glycans were more abundant in metastasized tumors: multifucosylated glycans, acid ester‐modified (sulfated or phosphorylated) glycans, and hybrid‐type/monoantennary N‐glycans. Fucosylation and complex fucosylation were significantly more abundant in metastasized paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas than in nonmetastasized tumors for individual tests but were over the false positivity critical rate, when adjusted for multiplicity testing. Conclusions: MALDI‐TOF MS profiling of primary pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas can identify diseases with metastatic potential based on their different N‐glycan profiles. Thus, malignancy‐linked N‐glycan structures may serve as potential diagnostic tools for pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas.