Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards a tracing framework for Model-Driven software systems

Understanding software behavior by analyzing its execution traces is an important enabler for many software engineering tasks. In Model-Driven Development (MDD), dynamic analysis methods are often used to analyze executable models to enable the understanding of software behavior in early stages of the development process. An execution trace of a model can provide information to help reason about executable models. However, understanding an execution trace is not an easy task due to the size and complexity of typical traces. In this work, we aim at tackling this problem by proposing a model tracing framework, comprising compaction techniques to simplify the analysis of large traces at a higher level of abstraction, and a model tracing language, to capture run-time behavior of the executed model adequately.
Effect of game motivation on flow experience and companionship

Motivation crucially influences the willingness to play online games. Game motivation can affect players’ flow experience and player’s companionship with their game roles or avatars. However, the relationship among game motivation, flow experience, and companionship is unclear; therefore, designing online games that improving the playing experience is difficult. This study chose online pet games as study samples, and this study used a game motivation scale, flow experience scale, and the Companionship Scale of Artificial Pets to identify the relationship among game motivation, flow experience, and companionship. According to 216 valid questionnaire responses, this study demonstrated that (a) game motivation for online pet game players was primarily immersion and achievement, (b) compared with achievement motivation, immersion motivation had a greater influence on flow experience and the development of player companionship with online pets, and (c) players with immersion and achievement motivation had a substantially enhanced flow experience and companionship with their online pets.
027 Sampling Functions and Sparse Reconstruction Methods

SUMMARY In this paper we investigate the effects of different sampling operators on the performance of sparse reconstruction methods. The common paradigm in seismic data processing is to favor regular sampling. We will show, however, that regular sampling often hampers our data recovery efforts. Random sampling, on the other hand, can lead to algorithms where the reconstruction is almost perfect when the underlying spectrum of the signal can be assumed sparse. Also, simple 1D, 2D and 3D synthetic examples are provided to test the sparse reconstruction of signals sampled by various sampling functions. Introduction The sampling theorem is an interesting topic of chief importance in the physical sciences and engineering. Sampling methods can be classified into different groups. The most important distinction is between uniform and nonuniform sampling methods. In the uniform sampling method, a signal is sampled periodically at constant intervals. This leads to recovery conditions based on the well-known Nyquist sampling theorem. An overview of uniform sampling and its properties is given by Unser (2000). Meanwhile, in the nonuniform sampling case samples are picked in an irregular fashion. Belmont (1993) gives a nice explanation of nonuniform sampling operators. Regardless of the adopted sampling method, the truly important step is to reconstruct the original signal from sampled data. Reconstruction algorithms utilize specific assumption about the original signal. The most commonly used assumption is the band-limitation. In other words, band-limited signals can completely be recovered from a wide range of sampling methods. Duijndam et al. (1999) utilized band-limiting assumptions in order to reconstruct the irregularly sampled seismic records in the spatial directions. Another important assumption is the sparseness of a signal in the Fourier domain. Liu and Sacchi (2004) used iteratively updated weighting functions of the data spectrum as a sparsity constraint. Zwartjes and Gisolf (2006) compared the performance of several sparsity norms on seismic data and simply addressed the methods as the Fourier reconstruction. Naghizadeh and Sacchi (2007) used band-limiting operators to reconstruct the low frequency portion of the aliased seismic data. Subsequently, they used Multi-Step Auto-Regressive (MSAR) operator to calculate prediction filters to reconstruct all the frequencies. In this paper we will investigate the effects of various sampling schemes on the performance of sparse reconstruction algorithms. First, by developing a mathematical framework for general sampling operators, we try to understand the differences between uniform and nonuniform sampling operators and their spectra. Later, using simple 1D examples we will …
The absence of the 10 um silicate feature in the isolated Herbig Ae star HD 100453

We analyse the optical and IR spectra, as well as the spectral energy distribution (UV to mm) of the candidate Herbig Ae star HD100453. This star is particular, as it shows an energy distribution similar to that of other isolated Herbig Ae/Be stars (HAEBEs), but unlike most of them, it does not have a silicate emission feature at 10 um, as is shown in Meeus (2001). We confirm the HAEBE nature of HD100453 through an analysis of its optical spectrum and derived location in the H-R diagram. The IR spectrum of HD100453 is modelled by an optically thin radiative transfer code, from which we derive constraints on the composition, grain-size and temperature distribution of the circumstellar dust. We show that it is both possible to explain the lack of the silicate feature as (1) a grain-size effect - lack of small silicate grains, and (2) a temperature effect - lack of small, hot silicates, as proposed by Dullemond (2001), and discuss both possibilities.
Solving nonlinear optimization problems using networks of spiking neurons

Most artificial neural networks used in practical applications are based on simple neuron types in a multi-layer architecture. Here, we propose to solve optimization problems using a fully recurrent network of spiking neurons mimicking the response behavior of biological neurons. Such networks can compute a series of different solutions for a given problem and converge into a periodical sequence of such solutions. The goal of this paper is to prove that neural networks like the SRM (Spike Response Model) are able to solve nonlinear optimization problems. We demonstrate this for the traveling salesman problem. Our network model is able to compute multiple solutions and can use its dynamics to leave local minima in which classical models would be stuck. For adapting the model, we introduce a suitable network architecture and show how to encode the problem directly into the network weights.
Human Processing of Behaviorally Relevant and Irrelevant Absence of Expected Rewards: A High-Resolution ERP Study

Acute lesions of the posterior medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in humans may induce a state of reality confusion marked by confabulation, disorientation, and currently inappropriate actions. This clinical state is strongly associated with an inability to abandon previously valid anticipations, that is, extinction capacity. In healthy subjects, the filtering of memories according to their relation with ongoing reality is associated with activity in posterior medial OFC (area 13) and electrophysiologically expressed at 220–300 ms. These observations indicate that the human OFC also functions as a generic reality monitoring system. For this function, it is presumably more important for the OFC to evaluate the current behavioral appropriateness of anticipations rather than their hedonic value. In the present study, we put this hypothesis to the test. Participants performed a reversal learning task with intermittent absence of reward delivery. High-density evoked potential analysis showed that the omission of expected reward induced a specific electrocortical response in trials signaling the necessity to abandon the hitherto reward predicting choice, but not when omission of reward had no such connotation. This processing difference occurred at 200–300 ms. Source estimation using inverse solution analysis indicated that it emanated from the posterior medial OFC. We suggest that the human brain uses this signal from the OFC to keep thought and behavior in phase with reality.
A Fast Motion Estimation Algorithm Scheme Based on Multi-Reference Frame

The new H.264 AVC video coding standard supports searching the best motion vector in multi-reference frame, but searching one by one increases calculation complexity. Herein by fully analyzing the affecting factors in multi-reference frame environment, we put forward a new fast motion estimation method base on multiple-reference frame technique. Experiment shows that this could reduce the complexity of motion estimation effectively while retaining high ratio of signal-to-noise and low bit rate.
Abductive Explanations for Text Understanding: Some Problems and Solutions. Technical Report Number of Training Examples Flex-either Id3 7.2 Multiple Categories: Soybean Results

This chapter describes a multistrategy system that employs independent modules for deductive, abductive, and inductive reasoning to revise an arbitrarily incorrect propositional Horn-clause domain theory to t a set of preclassi ed training instances. By combining such diverse methods, Either is able to handle a wider range of imperfect theories than other theory revision systems while guaranteeing that the revised theory will be consistent with the training data. Either has successfully revised two actual expert theories, one in molecular biology and one in plant pathology. The results con rm the hypothesis that using a multistrategy system to learn from both theory and data gives better results than using either theory or data alone.
The deep evolution of metazoan microRNAs

SUMMARY microRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 22‐nucleotide noncoding RNA regulatory genes that are key players in cellular differentiation and homeostasis. They might also play important roles in shaping metazoan macroevolution. Previous studies have shown that miRNAs are continuously being added to metazoan genomes through time, and, once integrated into gene regulatory networks, show only rare mutations within the primary sequence of the mature gene product and are only rarely secondarily lost. However, because the conclusions from these studies were largely based on phylogenetic conservation of miRNAs between model systems like Drosophila and the taxon of interest, it was unclear if these trends would describe most miRNAs in most metazoan taxa. Here, we describe the shared complement of miRNAs among 18 animal species using a combination of 454 sequencing of small RNA libraries with genomic searches. We show that the evolutionary trends elucidated from the model systems are generally true for all miRNA families and metazoan taxa explored: the continuous addition of miRNA families with only rare substitutions to the mature sequence, and only rare instances of secondary loss. Despite this conservation, we document evolutionary stable shifts to the determination of position 1 of the mature sequence, a phenomenon we call seed shifting, as well as the ability to post‐transcriptionally edit the 5′ end of the mature read, changing the identity of the seed sequence and possibly the repertoire of downstream targets. Finally, we describe a novel type of miRNA in demosponges that, although shows a different pre‐miRNA structure, still shows remarkable conservation of the mature sequence in the two sponge species analyzed. We propose that miRNAs might be excellent phylogenetic markers, and suggest that the advent of morphological complexity might have its roots in miRNA innovation.
Satisfação e os fatores de satisfação relacionados ao trabalho : perspectiva de trabalhadores na estratégia saúde da família

Objetivo: conhecer o nivel de satisfacao e os fatores de satisfacao relacionados ao trabalho na Estrategia Saude da Familia a partir da perspectiva dos trabalhadores. Metodo: estudo exploratorio e descritivo, com triangulacao entre metodos quantitativo e qualitativo, tendo como sujeitos 123 trabalhadores de saude da cidade de Sobral, Ceara (CE), Nordeste do Brasil. Na coleta de dados, foi utilizada a Escala Satisfacao no Trabalho (EST) e questionarios abertos. A analise dos dados ocorreu pelo estabelecimento contabil das variaveis: insatisfacao, satisfacao intermediaria e satisfacao e por meio do metodo do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Este estudo teve o projeto aprovado pelo Comite de Etica em Pesquisa, sob Protocolo no 802. Resultados: evidenciou-se relacao eficaz entre dados qualitativos e quantitativos a partir da analise de diferentes nuances do fenomeno “satisfacao no trabalho”. Conclusao: ha necessidade do fortalecimento de novos arranjos sistematizados de gestao do trabalho e de processos de negociacao que valorizem os trabalhadores da saude.
Identification of a Novel Heterozygous Missense Mutation in the CACNA1F Gene in a Chinese Family with Retinitis Pigmentosa by Next Generation Sequencing

Background. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal degenerative disease, which is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, and the inheritance pattern is complex. In this study, we have intended to study the possible association of certain genes with X-linked RP (XLRP) in a Chinese family. Methods. A Chinese family with RP was recruited, and a total of seven individuals were enrolled in this genetic study. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral leukocytes, and used for the next generation sequencing (NGS). Results. The affected individual presented the clinical signs of XLRP. A heterozygous missense mutation (c.1555C>T, p.R519W) was identified by NGS in exon 13 of the CACNA1F gene on X chromosome, and was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. It showed perfect cosegregation with the disease in the family. The mutation at this position in the CACNA1F gene of RP was found novel by database searching. Conclusion. By using NGS, we have found a novel heterozygous missense mutation (c.1555C>T, p.R519W) in CACNA1F gene, which is probably associated with XLRP. The findings might provide new insights into the cause and diagnosis of RP, and have implications for genetic counseling and clinical management in this family.
Characterization of titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films as materials for dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC)

This paper describes the characteristics of a thin film of TiO2 for Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The active layer of Ti-Nanoxide T / SP is covered by a reflective layer of Ti-Nanoxide R / SP by using the screen printing method. The surface morphology of thin films is generally mesoporous and is in the nanometer size scale. Thin film TiO2 consists of 48.46% oxygen (O) and 51.54% titanium (Ti), which indicates the formation of TiO2 oxide layer. The FTIR spectrum revealed the strong presence of TiO2. UV-Visible spectrum shows absorption is not effective in all regions visible.
A Novel Blocking Effect Reduction Method Based on Human Visual System Features

In this paper, we present a brief study about the performance of nine post-processing methods on blocked images, and two new approaches which propose, respectively, the reduction of the blocking artifact and a measur e for the visual perception of the Human Visual System (HVS) regarding this distortion. The studies concerning the chosen methods consist of detailed analysis about their methodolog y and their computational implementation. A new visual perception metric is introduced, which is called Blocking Visual Effe ct Index (BVEI). It is based on loss of correlation criteria in inter-blocks regions, distortion of local average luminance, and takes into account the contrast perception sensibility of huma n eye. The proposed post-processing method considers the features of HVS when varying the smoothing parameter inside the blocking areas in accordance with the perception of blocking artifacts. Thus, they are smoothed without loss of details. Ai ming at obtaining a consistence with subjective evaluation of post- processed images, this work provides comparative tests for evaluating the performance of the chosen methods and the proposed one, Also it emphasizes the efficiency of the new quality metric. This efficiency is evidenced by the increase of quality of post-processing images, regarding the te st images.
Transferrin-liposome-mediated systemic p53 gene therapy in combination with radiation results in regression of human head and neck cancer xenografts.

The use of cationic liposomes as nonviral vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic molecules is becoming increasingly prevalent in the field of gene therapy. We have previously demonstrated that the use of the transferrin ligand (Tf) to target a cationic liposome delivery system resulted in a significant increase in the transfection efficiency of the complex [Xu, L. , Pirollo, K.F. , and Chang, E.H. (1997). Hum. Gene Ther. 8, 467-475]. Delivery of wild-type (wt) p53 to a radiation-resistant squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) cell line via this ligand-targeted, liposome complex was also able to revert the radiation resistant phenotype of these cells in vitro. Here we optimized the Tf/liposome/DNA ratio of the complex (LipT) for maximum tumor cell targeting, even in the presence of serum. The efficient reestablishment of wtp53 function in these SCCHN tumor cells in vitro, via the LipT complex, restored the apoptotic pathway, resulting in a significant increase in radiation-induced apoptosis that was directly proportional to the level of exogenous wtp53 in the tumor cells. More significantly, intravenous administration of LipT-p53 markedly sensitized established SCCHN nude mouse xenograft tumors to radiotherapy. The combination of systemic LipT-p53 gene therapy and radiation resulted in complete tumor regression and inhibition of their recurrence even 6 months after the end of all treatment. These results indicate that this tumor-specific, ligand-liposome delivery system for p53 gene therapy, when used in concert with conventional radiotherapy, can provide a new and more effective means of cancer treatment.
Fingerprint multilateration for automatically classifying evolved Prisoner's Dilemma agents

We present a novel tool for automatically analyzing evolved Prisoner's Dilemma agents, based on combining two existing techniques: fingerprinting, which turns a strategy into a representation-independent functional summary of its behaviour, and multilateration, which finds the location of a point in space using measured distances to a known set of anchor points. We take as our anchor points the space of 2-state deterministic transducers; using this, we can emplace an arbitrary strategy into 7-dimensional real space by computing numerical integrals and solving a set of linear equations, which is sufficiently fast to be doable online. Several new aspects of evolutionary behaviour, such as the velocity of evolution and population diversity, can now be directly quantified.
Interactive-Rate Animation Generation by Parallel Progressive Ray-Tracing on Distributed-Memory Machines

We describe a dynamic load-balancing algorithm for ray-tracing by progressive refinement on a distributed-memory parallel computer. Parallelization of progressive ray-tracing for single images is difficult because of the inherent sequential nature of the sample location generation process, which is optimized (and different) for any given image. Parallelization of progressive ray-tracing when generating image sequences at a fixed interactive rate is even more difficult, because of the time and synchronization constraints imposed on the system. The fixed frame rate requirement complicates matters and even renders meaningless traditional measures of parallel system performance (e.g., speedup). We show how to overcome these problems, which, to the best of our knowledge, have not been treated before. Exploiting the temporal coherence between frames enables us to both accelerate rendering and improve the load-balance throughout the sequence. Our dynamic load-balance algorithm combines local and global methods to account not only for rendering performance, but also for communication overhead and synchronization issues. The algorithm is shown to be robust to the harsh environment imposed by a time-critical application, such as the one we consider.
Sensorless speed measurement of induction machines using Short Time Fourier Transformation

Sensorless speed measurement of induction machines using short time Fourier transformation (STFT) is presented in this paper. The sensorless speed information of induction motors was derived from space vector angular fluctuation which is obtained from stator current by exploring the position of the current space vector in the space vector plane. By applying STFT to the space vector angular fluctuation signals, the eccentricity associated motor speed information can be extracted. Interpolation technique has been used to improve the accuracy of the STFT. The method has been verified on an ABB 2-pole squirrel-cage induction motor in laboratory in the case of motor starting; very good agreement has been achieved between the estimated speed and the actually measured speed.
Isolation of a Chromosome 1 Region Affecting Blood Pressure and Vascular Disease Traits in the Stroke-Prone Rat Model

Abstract—Recently, a genome-wide screen has shown a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for a stroke-associated phenotype on rat chromosome 1 (RNO1) independent of QTL for blood pressure (BP) in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) of a Heidelberg colony. However, it remains to be elucidated whether these observations reflect the existence of different genes predisposing to each of the disorders. To address this issue, we performed comprehensive approaches in a Japanese colony, Izm, as follows. First, we undertook genome-wide searches in F1(SHRSP/Izm×WKY/Izm)×SHRSP/Izm back-cross (n=63) to pursue a causal relation between hypertension and stroke. Although the strongest linkage to BP (LOD score of 3.4) was identified on RNO1, its relevance to stroke was not supported in the F1 back-cross studied. Second, we also investigated linkage to BP in F2 progeny (n=175) involving the stroke-resistant (or normal) spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). In F2 studies of SHR/Izm, this locus did not appear to constitute a principal BP QTL. Third, we constructed congenic animals with detailed phenotype characterization. Transfer of a chromosomal fragment between markers Klk1 and D1Rat116 from WKY/Izm onto the SHRSP/Izm background lowered systolic BP by 20 to 80 mm Hg, prevented development of apparent stroke, and exaggerated impaired glucose tolerance. In conclusion, we have successfully isolated an RNO1 region affecting BP, stroke, and glucose tolerance in SHRSP/Izm-derived congenic rats. The size of the introgressed region is large, but our novel congenic strain should help delineate complex, genetic impairments underlying BP and associated vascular disease phenotypes.
A new image enhancement algorithm for low illumination environment

To improve the clearness of images captured in the low illumination environment, a new enhancement algorithm was presented based on the popular histogram equalization method. It can transform the histogram to the ordered shape to highlight the contrast of selected interest gray level and fit for the human visual. The experiment has shown that the new algorithm has lower mean square error and higher peak signal to noise ratio. So it can get better performance in dealing with the illumination images both in subjective and objective.