Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Foundry-Enabled Scalable All-to-All Optical Interconnects Using Silicon Nitride Arrayed Waveguide Router Interposers and Silicon Photonic Transceivers

This paper summarizes our latest results of integrated all-to-all optical interconnect systems using compact, low-loss silicon nitride (SiN) arrayed waveguide grating router (AWGR) through AIM photonics’ multiple-project-wafer services. In particular, we have designed, taped out, and initially characterized a chip-scale silicon photonic low-latency interconnect optical network switch (Si-LIONS) system with an 8 × 8 200 GHz spacing cyclic SiN AWGR, 64 microdisk modulators, and 64 on-chip germanium photodector (PD). The 8 × 8 SiN AWGR in design has a measured insertion loss of 1.8 dB and a crosstalk of –13 dB, with a footprint of 1.3 mm × 0.9 mm. We measured an error-free performance of the microdisk modulator at 10 Gb/s upon 1Vpp voltage swing. We demonstrated wavelength routing with error-free data transmission using the on-chip modulator, SiN AWGR, and an external PD. We have designed and taped out the optical interposer version of the all-to-all system using SiN waveguides and low-loss chip-to-interposer couplers. Finally, we illustrate our preliminary designs and results of 16 × 16 and 32 × 32 SiN AWGRs, and discuss the possibility of scaling beyond 1024 × 1024 all-to-all interconnections with reduced number of wavelengths (e.g., 64) using the Thin-CLOS architecture.
Patterned firing of parietal cells in a haptic working memory task

Cells in the somatosensory cortex of the monkey are known to exhibit sustained elevations of firing frequency during the short‐term mnemonic retention of tactile information in a haptic delay task. In this study, we examine the possibility that those firing elevations are accompanied by changes in firing pattern. Patterns are identified by the application of a pattern‐searching algorithm to the interspike intervals of spike trains. By sequential use of sets of pattern templates with a range of temporal resolutions, we find patterned activity in the majority of the cells investigated. In general, the degree of patterning significantly increases during active memory. Surrogate analysis suggests that the observed patterns may not be simple linear stochastic functions of instantaneous or average firing frequency. Therefore, during the active retention of a memorandum, the activity of a ‘memory cell’ may be characterized not only by changes in frequency but also by changes in pattern.
Relationship between Lipid per oxidation, Lepton and Lipid Profile in Iraqi Women with Preeclampsia

The present study was carried out on two groups of pregnant Iraqi women . Group one consisted of 45 preeclampsia 23 mild and 22 severe preeclampsia compared to second group consisted of 25 normotensive pregnant women . The two groups were with same age, body mass indices and gestational age. Serum lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid profile, leptin, total antioxidant capacity (TAO) and paraoxanse activity (PON) were measured. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure between preeclamptic and control group showed a marked difference ( p<0.01) ranging from 154.67 ± 4.2 and 118.73 ± 3.7mmHg in severe preeclampsia, 135.3 ± 4.8 and 95.45 ± 4.2 mmHg in mild preeclampsia compared to 120.2 ± 1.88 and 70.50 ± 2.2 mmHg in control respectively . Serum MDA level was significantly higher in women with severe preeclampsia (3.51 ± 0.45 µmoles /dl) than mild preeclampsia (2.52 ± 0.14 µmoles /dl) compared with (0.92 ± 0.12 µmoles /dl) in control group, when adjusting to cholesterol, the peroxidation remained significantly increased MDA/Cholesterol ratio: 1.41 vs. 1.18 pmol/L.The serum triglycerides and cholesterol were higher in women with preeclampsia especially in the severe preeclampsia. Mean serum leptin level was significantly high (p<0.01) in all preeclamptic (76 ±5.3ng/ml), when compared with a control group (26 ± 3.3ng/ml and the value of serum leptin level was much higher in severe preeclamptics (76 ±5.3ng/ml) than in women with mild preeclampsia (42±4.1ng/ml). All the variables of the lipid profile of preeclamptic patients were found to be significantly elevated as compared to controls. The total lipid profile was also compared to the severity of preeclampsia and total cholesterol was found to be significantly raised (p <0.01) in severe preeclampsia when compared to mild. On correlating serum leptin with lipid profile again total cholesterol was found to be significantly high (p <0.05) in preeclamptic group compared to controls. A significant reduce in TAC status and in paraoxanse activity (PON) was noticed in severe and mild preeclampsia than control group . We conclude that hypercholesterolemia leads to excessive lipid peroxidation. Coexistent diminution in antioxidant activity leads to an imbalance between prooxidants and antioxidants, resulting in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress and elevated atherogenic index may contribute to atherogenicit y in preeclampsia. Keyword: Leptin, paroxonase,lipid profile ,lipid peroxidation ,preeclampsia
Molecular Epidemiological Study of Enteroviruses Associated with Encephalitis in Children from India

ABSTRACT Enteroviruses have been reported in encephalitis cases. However, clinical and epidemiological characteristics of enteroviruses in encephalitis are not fully established. We prospectively investigated 204 children with encephalitis over a period of 2 years (2009 to 2010) for enterovirus. Enterovirus was detected in 45 specimens (22.1%); of these, 40 were typed by seminested reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and sequencing of the VP1 gene. Molecular typing of enterovirus revealed the predominance of echovirus 21 associated with an epidemic during the rainy seasons of 2010 and the circulation of echovirus 1, coxsackievirus B1, enterovirus 75, enterovirus 76, coxsackievirus B5, and echovirus 19. The nucleotide divergence among echovirus 21 strains was 0 to 2% at the nucleotide level. This study suggests that enterovirus is an important cause of encephalitis in children from India. To our knowledge, this is the first report of echovirus 21 in encephalitis cases worldwide.
BIMOS transistor and its applications in ESD protection in advanced CMOS technology

BIMOS transistor is a useful device and now compliant in advanced CMOS technology. This device acts with high controlled current gain. Thus, it is an efficient candidate for Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection. Moreover it is well known that ESD protection for advanced CMOS technologies is a major challenge due to down-scaling which introduces a reduction of the intrinsic robustness. This paper introduces the BIMOS ESD approach with simulations in 45nm. Silicon measurements are performed on 32 nm CMOS high k metal gate.
Contour tracking of contaminant clouds with sequential Monte Carlo methods

Contour tracking for a single source emission is addressed in this paper. This problem is solved by estimating the contour boundary positions using a set of particle filters. The use of Sequential Monte Carlo techniques enables the tracking to performed when the measurements are noisy and the tracking results also includes the estimation uncertainly. The proposed technique is illustrated for a SCIPUFF generated single emission scenario and simulation experiments showed the successful tracking throughout the tracking period.
Planning reconstruction for facial asymmetry

© 2003, UK Simulation Society. All rights reserved. This paper describes the use of 3D shape modeling to plan reconstructive facial surgery for children born with facial asymmetry. The study used 3D images synthesized from high resolution CT scans. The images were manipulated using geometric morphometrics and the principal components of variation were derived. The software developed allows the user to either reconstruct how the whole face would appear without the presence of asymmetry, or to restrict the reconstruction to a smaller region that is surgically feasible to alter. The software aims to allow several observers to warp parts of the face along the principal components of variation until the most aesthetic result is achieved. The subjective assessment of an aesthetic result will be judged by surgeons and non surgeons. Having attained the optimum warp the type and amount of tissue required for surgery can be derived.
An opinion leader perceptual model based on PageRank algorithm

With more and more social public attention from microblog opinion leaders, they have gradually become the essential role to publicize information and influence public opinion in microblog platform, whose ability in monitoring and guiding public opinions also causes public focus. The thesis first proposes to start evaluation about influence of microblog opinion leaders from perspectives of individual activity, node attention degree, and user node quality and so on based on influence characters owned by microblog opinion leaders and constructs the analytical model of microblog information influence combined with PageRank. It can be found from research results that the method proposed in the thesis can analyze accurately and efficiently the influence of information in propagation route of microblog social communication network.
FOR THE SYLLABLE-SIGNAL SYNTHESIS METHOD : TIPW

In this paper, the drawbacks found in PSOLA is briefly discussed. To eliminate these drawbacks, the syllable-signal synthesis method TIPW that was proposed in another work of us is recommended here. The processing steps of TIPW will be briefly described. Besides largely reducing the drawbacks of PSOLA, TIPW also provides a new factor (in addition to duration and pitch contour) for timbre control. Nevertheless, it has its own minor problems, i.e. occasional clicks and slower signal-synthesis speed. In this paper, these two problems are studied. The results are that occasional clicks can now be fully prevented and the speed of signal synthesis is nearly doubled.
RELATIVIZATIONS OF THE = ? 4 / QUESTION

We investigate relativized versions of the open question of whether every language accepted nondeterministically in polynomial time can be recognized deterministically in polynomial time. For any set X, let x (resp. Ax) be the class of languages accepted in polynomial time by deterministic (resp. nondeterministic) query machines with oracle X. We construct a recursive set A such that a Wa. On the other hand, we construct a recursive set B such that B 4: VB. Oracles X are constructed to realize all consistent set inclusion relations between the relativized classes ,x, 4x, and coXx, the family of complements of languages in Xx. Several related open problems are described. Key words, computational complexity, nondeterministic computation, query machines, polynomial-bounded computation
A new Greenland ice core chronology for the last glacial termination

[1] We present a new common stratigraphic timescale for the North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP) and GRIP ice cores. The timescale covers the period 7.9–14.8 kyr before present and includes the Bolling, Allerod, Younger Dryas, and early Holocene periods. We use a combination of new and previously published data, the most prominent being new high-resolution Continuous Flow Analysis (CFA) impurity records from the NGRIP ice core. Several investigators have identified and counted annual layers using a multiparameter approach, and the maximum counting error is estimated to be up to 2% in the Holocene part and about 3% for the older parts. These counting error estimates reflect the number of annual layers that were hard to interpret, but not a possible bias in the set of rules used for annual layer identification. As the GRIP and NGRIP ice cores are not optimal for annual layer counting in the middle and late Holocene, the timescale is tied to a prominent volcanic event inside the 8.2 kyr cold event, recently dated in the DYE-3 ice core to 8236 years before A. D. 2000 (b2k) with a maximum counting error of 47 years. The new timescale dates the Younger Dryas-Preboreal transition to 11,703 b2k, which is 100–150 years older than according to the present GRIP and NGRIP timescales. The age of the transition matches the GISP2 timescale within a few years, but viewed over the entire 7.9–14.8 kyr section, there are significant differences between the new timescale and the GISP2 timescale. The transition from the glacial into the Bolling interstadial is dated to 14,692 b2k. The presented timescale is a part of a new Greenland ice core chronology common to the DYE-3, GRIP, and NGRIP ice cores, named the Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05). The annual layer thicknesses are observed to be log-normally distributed with good approximation, and compared to the early Holocene, the mean accumulation rates in the Younger Dryas and Bolling periods are found to be 47 ± 2% and 88 ± 2%, respectively.
Pattern diversity of path loss compensated antennas for 5G base stations

In this article, a tapered slot antenna (TSA) operating from 27 to 29.8 GHz with an endfire gain of 9 dBi and high pattern integrity is presented. The gain specifications for path loss compensation on ground for a ceiling mounted millimeter wave base station is computed and the gain of the antenna elements with beam angled at ±45° was found to be 12 dBi. To enhance gain with minimal physical footprint, a combination of dielectric loading and electrical resonator metamaterial unit cells were integrated to the proposed TSA to achieve the expected gain enhancement of 3 dB across the band, operating in the same frequency band with aperture efficiency greater than 73% and a 1 dB gain bandwidth of 20.7%. A compact stacking topology for pattern diversity of all three antenna elements for path loss compensation is also investigated. The base station has a coverage of ±60° with uniform illumination and mutual coupling lesser than 35 dB. The detailed simulated and measured results are presented.
An overview of character recognition focused on off-line handwriting

Character recognition (CR) has been extensively studied in the last half century and has progressed to a level that is sufficient to produce technology-driven applications. Now, rapidly growing computational power is enabling the implementation of the present CR methodologies and is creating an increasing demand in many emerging application domains which require more advanced methodologies. This paper serves as a guide and update for readers working in the CR area. First, the historical evolution of CR systems is presented. Then, the available CR techniques, with their superiorities and weaknesses, are reviewed. Finally, the current status of CR is discussed and directions for future research are suggested. Special attention is given to off-line handwriting recognition, since this area requires more research in order to reach the ultimate goal of machine simulation of human reading.
Global Dissemination of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Serotype O3:K6 and Its Serovariants

SUMMARY Vibrio parahaemolyticus is recognized as a cause of food-borne gastroenteritis, particularly in the Far East, where raw seafood consumption is high. An unusual increase in admissions of V. parahaemolyticus cases was observed at the Infectious Diseases Hospital in Calcutta, a city in the northeastern part of India, beginning February 1996. Analysis of the strains revealed that a unique serotype, O3:K6, not previously isolated during the surveillance in Calcutta accounted for 50 to 80% of the infections in the following months. After this report, O3:K6 isolates identical to those isolated in Calcutta were reported from food-borne outbreaks and from sporadic cases in Bangladesh, Chile, France, Japan, Korea, Laos, Mozambique, Peru, Russia, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, and the United States. Other serotypes, such as O4:K68, O1:K25, and O1:KUT (untypeable), that had molecular characteristics identical to that of the O3:K6 serotype were subsequently documented. These serotypes appeared to have diverged from the O3:K6 serotype by alteration of the O:K antigens and were defined as “serovariants” of the O3:K6 isolate. O3:K6 and its serovariants have now spread into Asia, America, Africa, and Europe. This review traces the genesis, virulence features, molecular characteristics, serotype variants, environmental occurrence, and global spread of this unique clone of V. parahaemolyticus.
Construction of Triple-Transfected Cells [Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide (OATP) 1B1/Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein (MRP) 2/MRP3 and OATP1B1/MRP2/MRP4] for Analysis of the Sinusoidal Function of MRP3 and MRP4

Multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) 3/ABCC3 and MRP4/ABCC4 are ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters expressed in the sinusoidal membrane of hepatocytes. The purpose of the present study was to establish organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1/MRP2/MRP3 and OATP1B1/MRP2/MRP4 triple transfectants as in vitro model of the hepatobiliary transport of anionic drugs. To find in vivo relevant Mrp3 probes, wild-type and Mrp3(−/−) mice were given gemfibrozil, 6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethyl-2-methylamino-4-(3-pyridymethyl)benzothiazole (E3040), troglitazone, bisphenol A, and 4-methylumbelliferone orally. Plasma concentrations of the glucuronide conjugates were significantly lower in Mrp3(−/−) mice than in wild-type mice. The systemic exposure of gemfibrozil, E3040, and troglitazone were similar in wild-type and Mrp3(−/−) mice. 4-Methylumbelliferone and bisphenol A were undetectable in the plasma. In MRP3-expressing membrane vesicles, ATP-dependent uptakes of the glucuronide conjugates of estradiol, gemfibrozil, E3040, and troglitazone were markedly greater than those in controls, whereas MRP4-expressing membrane vesicles exhibited significant ATP-dependent uptake of gemfibrozil glucuronide and estradiol glucuronide. MRP3 or MRP4 was expressed in the OATP1B1/MRP2 double transfectants using adenovirus. The expression levels of OATP1B1 and MRP2 proteins were maintained both in the OATP1B1/MRP2/MRP3 and OATP1B1/MRP2/MRP4 triple transfectants, whereas MRP3 and MRP4 were localized in the basal membrane. Significant reductions in the basal-to-apical flux of the glucuronide conjugates of estradiol, gemfibrozil, E3040, and troglitazone were observed in the OATP1B1/MRP2/MRP3 triple transfectants compared with those in the double transfectants, whereas significant reduction was observed only for gemfibrozil glucuronide and estradiol glucuronide in the OATP1B1/MRP2/MRP4 triple transfectants. These results suggest that MRP3- or MRP4-triple transfectants provide a simple and useful in vitro system for evaluating their importance in the hepatobiliary transport of drugs.
Validating The Intel Pentium 4 Processor 1 Validating The Intel ® Pentium ® 4 Processor

Developing a new leading-edge Intel ® Architecture microprocessor is an immensely complicated undertaking. The microarchitecture of the Pentium  4 processor is significantly more complex than any previous Intel Architecture microprocessor, so the challenge of validating the logical correctness of the design in a timely fashion was indeed a daunting one. In order to meet this challenge, we applied a number of innovative tools and methodologies, which enabled us to keep functional validation off the critical path to tapeout while meeting our goal of ensuring that first silicon was functional enough to boot operating systems and run applications. This in turn enabled the post-silicon validation teams to quickly " peel the onion " , resulting in an elapsed time of only ten months from initial tapeout to production shipment qualification, an Intel record for a new IA-32 microarchitecture. This paper describes how we went about the task of validating the Pentium 4 processor and what we found along the way. We hope that other microprocessor designers and validators will be able to benefit from our experience and insights. As Doug Clark has remarked " Finding a bug should be a cause for celebration. Each discovery is a small victory; each marks an incremental improvement in the design. " [1]
Crystal structure of a T cell receptor Valpha11 (AV11S5) domain: new canonical forms for the first and second complementarity determining regions.

We describe the X-ray crystallographic structure of a murine T cell receptor (TCR) Valpha domain ("Valpha85.33"; AV11S5-AJ17) to 1.85 A resolution. The Valpha85.33 domain is derived from a TCR that recognizes a type II collagen peptide associated with the murine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule, I-A(q). Valpha85.33 packs as a Valpha-Valpha homodimer with a highly symmetric monomer-monomer interface. The first and second complementarity determining regions (CDR1 and CDR2) of this Valpha are shorter than the CDRs corresponding to the majority of other Valpha gene families, and three-dimensional structures of CDRs of these lengths have not been described previously. The CDR1 and CDR2 therefore represent new canonical forms that could serve as templates for AV11 family members. CDR3 of the Valpha85.33 domain is highly flexible and this is consistent with plasticity of this region of the TCR. The fourth hypervariable loop (HV4alpha) of AV11 and AV10 family members is one residue longer than that of other HV4alpha regions and shows a high degree of flexibility. The increase in length results in a distinct disposition of the conserved residue Lys68, which has been shown in other studies to play a role in antigen recognition. The X-ray structure of Valpha85.33 extends the database of canonical forms for CDR1 and CDR2, and has implications for antigen recognition by TCRs that contain related Valpha domains.
Realistic mesh compression based on geometry image

In order to show the realistic 3D mesh in geometry image-based 3D mesh compression, in addition to coding geometry image, normal-map image is usually required to code. But normal-map image are difficult to compress because it captures more details of the original mesh, and it has less spatial correlation between pixels than geometry image. This paper proposes a novel coding framework to solve this problem, we effectively predict the normal-map image based on the correlation between geometry image and normal-map image, and we also utilize the strong correlation among three components of normal-map image to improve the predicting accuracy. In this framework we only need to code geometry image and residual image which generated from normal-map image and its prediction. Experimental results show that comparing with the method which coding geometry image and normal-map image using JPEG2000 directly, our coding framework not only improves the coding efficiency of geometry images and normal-map images, but also enhances the realistic effect of 3D mesh significantly.