Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding

The provinces of Papua and West Papua have abundant of natural resources; therefore, the Indonesian government wants to improve the agricultural, plantation, and maritime sectors, especially in the coffee plantation sector. One way to improve the plantation sector is to open cooperation on the Green Investment program, which is expected to run effectively and be environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study discusses the efforts made by Starbucks in the Green Investment program held by the Indonesian government in Papua and West Papua Provinces. The problems raised in this study can be answered by using descriptive qualitative methods and research techniques through interviews, observations, and literature studies to analyze the topics raised. The analysis process of this research was carried out using the theory and concept of Multi-National Corporations (MNC) and Green Investment (GI). The results of the study explained that the implementation of the Green Investment program has been running, but it has not been optimal because it is hampered by the Covid-19 pandemic, even so, Starbucks can help in improving the plantation sector in Papua and West Papua Provinces through investments made in an environmentally friendly manner and based on environmental, social, and governance principles contained in ESG.
Spatial correlation and demography.

Demographers often use maps and regional tabulations to evidence the spatial dimension of population characteristics. While they display considerable ability to test the strength of statistical links between phenomena, they rarely attempt to use similar tools to investigate the nature and extent of spatial correlation between demographic variables. This paper examines this question by combining theoretical and practical issues in the measurement of spatial autocorrelation, using recent Indian demographic variables. After a brief summary of the basic tools commonly used to examine geographical differentials, the paper includes a review of recent spatial exploratory and geostatistical tools. The second part of the paper is devoted to the application of these tools to a set of district-level variables derived from the Indian 2001 census, representing the major population characteristics as well other non-demographic variables. The conclusion sums some of the benefits and difficulties associated with spatial analysis in demography.
A novel approach for object-based change image generation using multitemporal high-resolution SAR images

ABSTRACT Object-based change detection offers a unique approach for high-resolution images to capture meaningful detailed change information while suppressing noise in change detection results. In this approach, mean intensities of objects are commonly used as a feature and images comparison is carried out based on simple mathematical operations such as ratioing. The strong intensity variations within an object – a consequence of high spatial resolution – combined with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image speckle degrade the accuracy of object mean intensity estimate, and consequently, affect the quality of the estimated object-based change image. A change quantification approach that takes into account the characteristics of high-resolution SAR images, that is, SAR speckle and the strong intensity variation, is proposed. By descending to the pixel level, a new representation of change data (i.e. the change signal) is proposed. With this representation, change quantification boils down to measuring the roughness of the change signal. Two techniques to assess the intensity of change at the object-level, based on Fourier and wavelet transforms (WT) of the change signal, are proposed. Their main advantages lie in their ability to capture the dominant change behaviour of the object, while being insusceptible to irrelevant disturbances. The proposed approach is evaluated using two multitemporal data sets of TerraSAR-X images acquired over Beijing and Shanghai. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of the results demonstrate the superior discrimination power of the proposed change variables compared with the object-based modified ratio (MR) and the absolute log ratio (LR) images.
The post‐2002 global surface warming slowdown caused by the subtropical Southern Ocean heating acceleration

The warming rate of global mean surface temperature slowed down during 1998–2012. Previous studies pointed out role of increasing ocean heat uptake during this global warming slowdown, but its mechanism remains under discussion. Our numerical simulations, in which wind stress anomaly in the equatorial Pacific is imposed from reanalysis data, suggest that subsurface warming in the equatorial Pacific took place during initial phase of the global warming slowdown (1998–2002), as previously reported. It is newly clarified that the Ekman transport from tropics to subtropics is enhanced during the later phase of the slowdown (after 2002) and enhanced subtropical Ekman downwelling causes accelerated heat storage below depth of 700 m in the subtropical Southern Ocean, leading to the post‐2002 global warming slowdown. Observational data of ocean temperature also support this scenario. This study provides clear evidence that deeper parts of the Southern Ocean play a critical role in the post‐2002 warming slowdown.
Shadow Education In Chongqing, China: Factors underlying Demand And Policy Implications

As in many parts of the world, China has seen rapid growth of the shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring. Despite its major social and economic impact on individuals, households, and education systems, the phenomenon remains under-researched. Based on data from a mixed-methods study, this article explores factors at multiple levels that underlie the demand for private supplementary tutoring in Chongqing, the largest of China’s semi-autonomous municipalities. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the most significant factors underlying demand and was supplemented by findings from interviews and case studies. Following the analysis, the article discusses policy implications.
The Point of no Return in Climate Change

Abstract. Earth's global mean surface temperature has increased by about 1.0 °C over the period 1880–2015. One of the main causes is thought to be the increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases. If greenhouse gas emissions are not substantially decreased, several studies indicate that there will be a dangerous anthropogenic interference with climate by the end of this century. However, there is no good quantitative measure to determine when it is too late to start reducing greenhouse gas emissions in order to avoid such dangerous interference. In this study, we develop a method for determining a so-called point of no return for several greenhouse gas emission scenarios. The method is based on a combination of aspects of stochastic viability theory and linear response theory; the latter is used to estimate the probability density function of the global mean surface temperature. The innovative element in this approach is the applicability to high-dimensional climate models as demonstrated by the results obtained with the PlaSim model.
The adaptive sliding synchronization of uncertain Duffing-Holmes fractional-order chaotic systems with dead-zone

This article investigates the problem of adaptive sliding synchronization for Duffing-Holmes fractional-order chaotic systems in the presence of dead-zone, disturbance, and uncertainty. It starts by estimating dead-zone parameters, and then adaptive laws are used to compensate the dead-zone parameters. In the second step, a sliding mode controller is designed so that the slave system can follow the master system. The fractional type of Lyapunov is implemented to prove stability. The proposed adaptive sliding mode controller guarantees the asymptotic stability of system despite the presence of the dead-zone and uncertainty. Simulation results show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed controller for synchronization of Duffing-Holmes fractional-order chaotic systems perturbed by the dead-zone, disturbance, and uncertainty.
Palaeobotanical study of Polichnitos region, southern part of Lesbos Island, Greece (preliminary results on angiosperm wood).

Η eν λόγω eργασία φέρνeι στο φως νέα eπιστημονικά δeδομένα για την παλαιοχλωρίδα της Λέσβου που βασίζονται σe νeοσυλλeχθέντα φυτικά απολιθώματα τα οποία ήρθαν στο φως το 2011και προέρχονται από έξι νέeς θέσeις από το νότιο τμήμα της νήσου Λέσβου. Η συγκeκριμένη μeλέτη ανακeφαλαιώνeι τα ήδη δημοσιeυμένα δeδομένα αναφορικά μe την σύνθeση της παλαιοβλάστησης του Απολιθωμένου Δάσους καθώς και μe την παλαιογeωγραφία της νήσου Λέσβου κατά το Νeογeνές. Η νέα παλαιοβοτανική μeλέτη μe πeρισσότeρα από eβδομήντα νέα δeίγματα απολιθωμένων δέντρων από την eυρύτeρη πeριοχή του Πολυχνίτου δίνeι νέeς πληροφορίeς σχeτικά μe το παλαιοβοτανικό και παλαιοντολογικό πeριeχόμeνο της συγκeκριμένης πeριοχής. Στην eν λόγω eργασία γίνeται για πρώτη φορά αναφορά στην ύπαρξη ποικίλων συγκeντρώσeων απολιθωμένου ξύλου από το νότιο τμήμα του νησιού, καθώς και ο προσδιορισμός τριών τύπων της οικογένeιας των Δαφνίδων σύμφωνα μe τα χαρακτηριστικά των ιδιόβλαστων κυττάρων τους.
CUSTOMER-CONTACT EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT AND RESILIENCE OF QUICK SERVICE RESTAURANTS

The QSR industry in Nigeria has witnessed the emergence and disappearance of several actors. Some stride the industry for a couple of years; others fade away as quickly as they surfaced. Yet there are QSRs that have thrived and endured in the industry. Several factors could be responsible for this phenomenon. However, the current study investigated the extent to which employee empowerment can account for resilience of QSRs. ECD, DoA and EPDM are used as indicators of employee empowerment. The study adopted an explanatory research design and used a questionnaire to collect primary data; while the Spearman’s rank order correlation (rho) was employed as the test statistic. The study relied on SPSS version 20.0 for data analyses. The study observed that employee empowerment associates strongly with resilience of QSRs as all the dimensions of employee empowerment posted strong, positive and statistically significant relationship with resilience of QSRs. The study concludes that employee empowerment informs resilience of QSRs, or that resilience of QSRs depends on DoA, EPDM, and ECD; and recommends that QSRs that desires resilience in the business-scape must continually update the competencies of their customer-contact employees, involve them in decision-making and give them adequate powers to perform tasks and discharge duties assigned to them. Article visualizations:
Youth Ministry as an Agent for Reconciliation in the Breakdown of Coloured Families, from Urban Communities in Cape Town: A Post- Apartheid Perspective 1

Reconciliation in its most basic definition means coming together especially in the light of misunderstanding and prejudices. When one thinks of reconciliation from a South African perspective, apartheid, racial segregation and injustices spring to mind with various results and negative consequences. One such consequence is the breakdown of the family and while there are many contemporary factors that continually threaten the family; it is not hard to acknowledge and understand the effects that apartheid and social injustices has had on the family. This paper will therefore highlight some of the effects that the apartheid system has had on the family structure with particular reference to the Coloured Community of the Cape Flats, some of the consequences the breakdown of the family has on the youth i and how youth ministry can act as an agent for reconciliation in the family within this context.
Recent advances on 3D‐bioprinted gelatin methacrylate hydrogels for tissue engineering in wound healing: A review of current applications and future prospects

Abstract Advancements in 3D bioprinting, particularly the use of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels, are ushering in a transformative era in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. This review highlights the pivotal role of GelMA hydrogels in wound healing and skin regeneration. Its biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties and support for cellular proliferation make it a promising candidate for bioactive dressings and scaffolds. Challenges remain in optimizing GelMA hydrogels for clinical use, including scalability of 3D bioprinting techniques, durability under physiological conditions and the development of advanced bioinks. The review covers GelMA's applications from enhancing wound dressings, promoting angiogenesis and facilitating tissue regeneration to addressing microbial infections and diabetic wound healing. Preclinical studies underscore GelMA's potential in tissue healing and the need for further research for real‐world applications. The future of GelMA hydrogels lies in overcoming these challenges through multidisciplinary collaboration, advancing manufacturing techniques and embracing personalized medicine paradigms.
Network pharmacology integrated with experimental verification reveals the antipyretic characteristics and mechanism of Zi Xue powder

Abstract Context Zi Xue Powder (ZXP) is a traditional formula for the treatment of fever. However, the potential mechanism of action of ZXP remains unknown. Objective This study elucidates the antipyretic characteristics of ZXP and the mechanism by which ZXP alleviates fever. Materials and methods The key targets and underlying fever-reducing mechanisms of ZXP were predicted using network pharmacology and molecular docking. The targets of ZXP anti-fever active ingredient were obtained by searching TCMSP, STITCH and HERB. Moreover, male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), ZXP (0.54, 1.08, 2.16 g/kg), and positive control (acetaminophen, 0.045 g/kg); the fever model was established by intraperitoneal LPS injection. After the fever model was established at 0.5 h, the rats were administered treatment by gavage, and the anal temperature changes of each group were observed over 10 h after treatment. After 10 h, ELISA and Western blot analysis were used to further investigate the mechanism of ZXP. Results Network pharmacology analysis showed that MAPK was a crucial pathway through which ZXP suppresses fever. The results showed that ZXP (2.16 g/kg) decreased PGE2, CRH, TNF-a, IL-6, and IL-1β levels while increasing AVP level compared to the LPS group. Furthermore, the intervention of ZXP inhibited the activation of MAPK pathway in LPS-induced fever rats. Conclusions This study provides new insights into the mechanism by which ZXP reduces fever and provides important information and new research ideas for the discovery of antipyretic compounds from traditional Chinese medicine.
Detraining Neutralizes the Adaptation Effect of Aquatic and Land Based Exercise on Menopausal Symptoms During COVID-19

10.30699/jogcr.8. 5.472 Background & Objective: Some evidence has shown the beneficial effects of exercise on reducing menopausal symptoms. However, the effect of type of exercise (aquatic and land-based exercise) and cessation of exercise is still unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the menopausal symptoms in two aquatic and land-based trained groups before and after cessation of exercise due to COVID-19 outbreak. Materials & Methods: 90 postmenopausal women participated in the study voluntarily. The daily and sport physical activities and menopausal symptoms were assessed through interviews three months after cessation of sport activities and qestions were designed and obtained from daily physical activity form and menopausal rating scale (MRS) questionnaire respectively. Results: Before the cessation of exercise, the somatic, psychological, and sexual symptoms of menopause were lower in both active groups than the inactive group, while there was no significant difference in three categories of menopausal symptoms between aquatic and land-based exercise groups. After the cessation of exercise, menopausal symptoms in the two groups of previously active women increased significantly compared to the inactive group, so that there was no significant difference in menopausal symptoms between the exercise and inactive groups. Conclusion: Aquatic and land-based exercise reduces the symptoms of menopause similarly, while the beneficial effects of exercise on menopausal symptoms can disappear after the cessation of exercise for three months.
Research into The Attenuation Characteristics of Cloud and Fog against Electromagnetic Wave Propagation

This paper studies the attenuation characteristics of cloud and fog against the electromagnetic wave propagation,on the basis of cloud and fog attenuation principle model,gives the engineering calculation model of the cloud and fog attenuation,the required parameters are fewer and the calculation is easy,and the error of the model is satisfactory to the demands of engineering calculation,analyzes the influence of the parameters such as electromagnetic wave frequency,temperature,launching angle and the type of fog shaped,etc.on the fog characteristic attenuation rate through the simulation.When the radio wave frequency is higher than 10 GHz,the attenuation of cloud and fog against the electromagnetic wave should be considered;only when the frequency is higher than 50 GHz,the attenuation of cloud and fog against the electromagnetic wave seems important.The attenuation that cloud and fog against electromagnetic wave propagation increases with the increase of radio wave frequency,temperature,launching angle and moisture content.
Study of the genetic variability of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) in the face of combined stress: water and heat

Abstract The devastating effects and extent of abiotic stress on cereal production continue to increase globally, affecting food security in several countries, including Tunisia. Heat waves and the scarcity of rainfall strongly affect durum wheat yields. The present study aims to screen for tolerance to combined water and heat stresses in durum wheat at the juvenile stage. Three combined treatments were tested, namely: T0 (100% field capacity (FC) at 24 °C), T1 (50% FC at 30 °C), and T2 (25% FC at 35 °C). The screening was carried out based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical criteria. The results showed that the combined stress significantly affected all the measured parameters. The relative water content (RWC) decreased by 37.6% under T1 compared to T0. Quantum yield (Fv/m) and photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/0) decreased under severe combined stress (T2) by 37.15% and 37.22%, respectively. Under T2 stress, LT increased by 63.7%. A significant increase in osmoprotective solutes was also observed, including proline, which increased by 154.6% under T2. Correlation analyses of the combination of water and heat stress confirm that the traits RWC, chlorophyll b content, Fv/m, proline content, Fv/0 and leaf temperature can be used as reliable screening criteria for the two stresses combined. The principal component analysis highlighted that Aouija tolerates the two levels of stresses studied, while the genotypes Karim and Hmira are the most sensitive. The results show that the tolerance of durum wheat to combined water and heat stress involves several adaptation mechanisms proportional to the stress intensity.
Simulating Biodegradation of Hydrocarbon Pollutants under Slow Nutrient Delivery Conditions

Aim: Bacterial growth and petroleum hydrocarbon degradation kinetics was studied under controlled laboratory conditions, to determine and numerically simulate the fate of hydrocarbon pollutants. Study Design: A 35-day study was setup to investigate crude oil degradation and bacterial growth dynamics in water, using slow-release fertilizer formulations. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, between January and June 2015. Methodology: Crude oil degradation studies were carried out in six (6) 500 ml capacity conical flask containing 200 ml mineral salt solution and 0.25% crude oil. The setups were inoculated with suspensions of 24-h old pure cultures of bacterial isolates ( Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp. and Micrococcus sp.). Results: At the end of the study, the crude-oil concentration (S) was reduced from an initial value of 11250 ppm to 6360.6 ppm and 1471.3 ppm at weeks 5 and 10, respectively. The bacterial biomass on the other hand increased from 4.69 at the start of the experiment, to 19.36 and 34.03 (Log. 10 cfu/ml) at weeks 5 and 10, respectively. Results from the numerical simulations showed that a 50% variation (reduction) on the maximum degradation rate (q max ) led to 332.32% biodiversity gain in hydrocarbon substrate (S) and a concomitant 43.11% biodiversity loss on bacterial biomass (X) after a ten-week period of simulation. Also, an 80% variation (reduction) on q max led to a 132.93% biodiversity gain on hydrocarbon substrate and a 17.24% biodiversity loss on bacterial biomass. Conclusion: This study revealed that lower rates of crude oil utilization leads to increased volume of petroleum hydrocarbon in the environment as well as a concomitant loss in species diversity. Nutrient amendment as well as seeding with bacteria consortium is recommended for faster rates of crude oil degradation.
Fracture analysis in 2D plane strain problems for composite materials containing hard inclusions and voids using an extended consecutive-interpolation quadrilateral element

This paper investigates fracture mechanics in particle-reinforced composites by using the extended finite element method enhanced by the consecutive-interpolation quadrilateral element. These composite materials have discontinuous boundaries such as cracks, voids, holes, and soft inclusions. And the extended consecutive-interpolation quadrilateral element (XCQ4) is employed to model these boundaries in two-dimensional linear elastic deformation problems. XCQ4 combines the enrichment functions in the traditional extended finite element method with the consecutive interpolation on a 4-node quadrilateral element. This element uses both nodal values and averaged nodal gradients as interpolated conditions. In fracture analysis, the stress intensity factors (SIFs) are important parameters that must be defined. In this study, the values of SIFs at the crack tips are evaluated with the help of the interaction integrals approach. The obtained numerical results are compared with other reliable results showing high accuracy and convergence rate of the XCQ4 element.
Contamination and Risk Assessment of Lead and Cadmium in Commonly Consumed Fishes as Affected by Habitat

This study determined the concentrations of lead and cadmium in 18 species of commonly consumed fish and assessed the risk based on provisional tolerable weekly (monthly) intakes [PTW(M)I] % as affected by behavioral characteristics, such as migration and settlement. In the 18 species, the mean conc.