Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A class of chemotaxis systems with growth source and nonlinear secretion

In this paper, we are concerned with a class of parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis systems encompassing the prototype $$\left\{\begin{array}{lll} &u_t = \nabla\cdot(\nabla u-\chi u\nabla v)+f(u), & x\in \Omega, t>0, \\[0.2cm] &0= \Delta v -v+u^\kappa, & x\in \Omega, t>0 \end{array}\right. $$ with nonnegative initial condition for $u$ and homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in a smooth bounded domain $\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^n(n\geq 2)$, where $\chi>0$, $\kappa>0$ and $f$ is a smooth growth source satisfying $f(0)\geq 0$ and $$ f(s)\leq a-bs^\theta, \quad s\geq 0, \text{with some} a\geq 0, b>0, \theta>1. $$ Firstly, it is shown, either $$ \kappa \kappa+1, $$ or $$ \theta-\kappa=1, \ \ b\geq \frac{(\kappa n-2)}{\kappa n}\chi, \eqno(*) $$ that the corresponding initial-value problem admits a unique classical solution that is uniformly bounded in space and time. Our proof is elementary and semigroup-free. Whilst, with the particular choices $\theta=2$ and $\kappa=1$, Tello and Winkler \cite{TW07} use sophisticated estimates via the Neumann heat semigroup to obtain the global boundedness under the strict inequality in ($\ast$). Thereby, we improve their results to the "borderline" case $b=(\kappa n-2)/(\kappa n)\chi$ in this regard. Next, for an unbounded range of $\chi$, the system is shown to exhibit pattern formations, and, the emerging patterns are shown to converge weakly in $ L^\theta(\Omega)$ to some constants as $\chi\rightarrow \infty$. While, for small $\chi$ or large damping $b$, precisely $b>2\chi$ if $f(u)=u(a-bu^\kappa)$ for some $a, b>0$, we show that the system does not admit pattern formation and the large time behavior of solutions is comparable to its associated ODE+algebraic system.
Hedgehog Signaling in Papillary Fibroblasts Is Essential for Hair Follicle Regeneration during Wound Healing

Patients suffering from large scars such as burn victims not only encounter aesthetic challenges but also ongoing itching or pain that substantially deteriorates their quality of life. Skin appendages such as hair follicles rarely regenerate within the healing wound. Because they are crucial for skin homeostasis and the lack thereof constitutes one of the main limitations to scarless wound healing, their regeneration represents a major objective for regenerative medicine. Fibroblasts, the main resident cell type of the skin dermis, mediate embryonic hair follicle morphogenesis and are particularly involved in wound healing because they orchestrate extracellular matrix remodeling and collagen deposition in the wound bed. Importantly, dermal ﬁbroblasts originate from two distinct developmental lineages with unique functions that differently mediate the response to epidermal signals such as Hedgehog signaling. In this study, we show that Hedgehog signaling in the reticular ﬁbroblast lineage promotes the initial phase of wound repair, possibly by modulating angiogenesis and ﬁbroblast proliferation, whereas Hedgehog signaling in papillary ﬁbroblasts is essential to induce de novo hair follicle formation within the healing wound.
The algebra of two dimensional generalized Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator

In the previous works of Borzov and Damaskinsky [“Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator,” Theor. Math. Phys.175(3), 765–772 (2013)] and [“Ladder operators for Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator,” in Proceedings of the Days on Diffraction, 2013], the authors have defined the oscillator-like system that is associated with the two variable Chebyshev-Koornwinder polynomials. We call this system the generalized Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator. In this paper, we study the properties of infinite-dimensional Lie algebra that is analogous to the Heisenberg algebra for the Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator. We construct the exact irreducible representation of this algebra in a Hilbert space of functions that are defined on a region which is bounded by the Steiner hypocycloid. The functions are square-integrable with respect to the orthogonality measure for the Chebyshev-Koornwinder polynomials and these polynomials form an orthonormalized basis in the space . The generalized oscillator which is studied in the work can be considered as the simplest nontrivial example of multiboson quantum system that is composed of three interacting oscillators. H H
Time‐reversal invariance of quantum kinetic equations II: Density operator formalism

Time‐reversal symmetry is a fundamental property of many quantum mechanical systems. The relation between statistical physics and time reversal is subtle, and not all statistical theories conserve this particular symmetry—most notably, hydrodynamic equations and kinetic equations such as the Boltzmann equation. Here, we consider quantum kinetic generalizations of the Boltzmann equation using the method of reduced density operators, leading to the quantum generalization of the Bogolyubov‐Born‐Green‐Kirkwood‐Yvon (BBGKY) hierarchy. We demonstrate that all commonly used approximations, including Vlasov; Hartree‐Fock; and the non‐Markovian generalizations of the Landau, T‐matrix, and Lenard‐Balescu equations, are originally time‐reversal invariant, and we formulate a general criterion for time reversibility of approximations to the quantum BBGKY hierarchy. Finally, we illustrate, through the example of the Born approximation, how irreversibility is introduced into quantum kinetic theory via the Markov limit, making the connection with the standard Boltzmann equation. This paper is a complement to paper I (Scharnke et al., J. Math. Phys., 2017, 58, 061903), where the time‐reversal invariance of quantum kinetic equations was analysed in the frame of the independent non‐equilibrium Green functions formalism.
Routine Application of Lung Ultrasonography in Respiratory Care: Knowledge, Perceptions, and Barriers to Instigate

Background Lung Ultrasound (LUS) had proved to be beneficial in detecting respiratory disorders at the bedside. Understanding the important role of Respiratory Therapists (RTs) in the critical care, we aimed to assess their knowledge, perceived relevance of LUS to clinical practice, current skill gaps, and barriers to practice. Methods A cross-sectional, nationwide survey conducted among the RTs working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The validated questionnaire included 4 sections; the demographics, knowledge and perceptions, applicability and self-reported proficiency, and barriers to the use of LUS by RTs. Results A total of 256 RTs across different regions of Saudi Arabia participated in this survey. 71.9% of them were males, and 46.1% of the participants were having <5 years of working experience. Only (18.1%) of the participants used LUS in their clinical practice, and (43%) of them had never received any training. 66% of the participants perceived LUS as an effective tool in the RT practice and immensely valuable in their daily practice (70%). A large proportion of RTs perceived LUS to be ineffective in calculating the lung score (50.4%), assessing the diaphragm (40.2%), and detecting pulmonary edema (38.3%). Calculating lung score has a lower mean score of 2.55 on both skills, and identifying its applicability to clinical practice with a mean score of 2.71 than other indications. Lack of training and curriculum (154/256; 60.2%) remains the top barrier that prevented RTs from using LUS in their clinical practice. Conclusion While many RTs in Saudi Arabia perceived LUS as an effective tool in the RT practice, considerable competence gap exist, indicating the need for LUS training. There is a need for incorporating LUS into the curriculum of RT schools and promoting competency-based training for the current RT workforce to help improve patient care.
A Bidirectional WPT System Using Double-sided LCC Compensation Topology and Full-bridge Active Rectifier

A bidirectional wireless power transfer (BWPT) system is proposed in this paper. It can work in both forward and reverse modes. The grid charges the electric vehicle wirelessly in forward mode while the electric vehicle transmits power to the grid wirelessly in reverse mode. Hence, the proposed system is termed wireless vehicle-to-grid (V2G) system. Symmetrical double-sided LCC compensation topology is employed to facilitate bidirectional power transfer. The full-bridge active rectifier (FBAR) is utilized. Hence, wireless communication between the primary and secondary sides is not needed. An FBAR control strategy is proposed. And the question about discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) is analyzed when the load increases to a certain threshold value. A solution by increasing the harmonic impedance is suggested to extend the load range. Constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) charging can be realized by controlling the drive signals of the lower two MOSFETs in the FBAR. The feasibility of the proposed control method is verified by simulation. The system efficiency is up to 93% at the maximum power in forward and reverse modes.
Optimal packings of bounded degree trees

We prove that if $T_1,\dots, T_n$ is a sequence of bounded degree trees so that $T_i$ has $i$ vertices, then $K_n$ has a decomposition into $T_1,\dots, T_n$. This shows that the tree packing conjecture of Gyarfas and Lehel from 1976 holds for all bounded degree trees (in fact, we can allow the first $o(n)$ trees to have arbitrary degrees). Similarly, we show that Ringel's conjecture from 1963 holds for all bounded degree trees. We deduce these results from a more general theorem, which yields decompositions of dense quasi-random graphs into suitable families of bounded degree graphs. Our proofs involve Szemeredi's regularity lemma, results on Hamilton decompositions of robust expanders, random walks, iterative absorption as well as a recent blow-up lemma for approximate decompositions.
Energy-aware online task dispatching and scheduling for edge systems with energy harvesting

In this paper, we consider the problem of online task dispatching and scheduling in a system of devices that may possess energy harvesting capabilities. The objective is twofold, namely to maximize the cumulative weight of tasks that can be completed before their deadlines and to minimize the total energy consumption. Our proposed solution, termed ELISE, operates in an online fashion in that for each newly arriving task it decides between three alternatives (execute before another previously scheduled task, replace an existing task, or place in the waiting line) so as to meet the objectives. We analyze the complexity of ELISE and further provide performance guarantees in terms of bounds on the gap to optimality with regards to the two objectives. Extensive simulations attest to superior aggregate weight, energy consumption, guarantee ratio, and energy consumption per task, over baseline algorithms.
Regularized Non-Gaussian Image Denoising

In image denoising problems, one widely-adopted approach is to minimize a regularized data-fit objective function, where the data-fit term is derived from a physical image acquisition model. Typically the regularizer is selected with two goals in mind: (a) to accurately reflect image structure, such as smoothness or sparsity, and (b) to ensure that the resulting optimization problem is convex and can be solved efficiently. The space of such regularizers in Gaussian noise settings is well studied; however, non-Gaussian noise models lead to data-fit expressions for which entirely different families of regularizers may be effective. These regularizers have received less attention in the literature because they yield non-convex optimization problems in Gaussian noise settings. This paper describes such regularizers and a simple reparameterization approach that allows image reconstruction to be accomplished using efficient convex optimization tools. The proposed approach essentially modifies the objective function to facilitate taking advantage of tools such as proximal denoising routines. We present examples of imaging denoising under exponential family (Bernoulli and Poisson) and multiplicative noise.
Combined Regularization Factor for Affine Projection Algorithm Using Variable Mixing Factor

The affine projection algorithm with a fixed regularization parameter is subject to a compromise concerning the convergence speed and steady-state misalignment. To address this problem, we propose to employ a variable mixing factor to adaptively combine two different regularization factors in an attempt to put together the best properties of them. The selection of the mixing factor is derived by minimizing the energy of the noise-free a posteriori error, and for the sake of suppressing large fluctuations, a moving-average method is designed for updating the mixing factor. Based on a random walk model, we also prove that the proposed mixing factor is as well available for the non-stationary system. The mathematical analysis including the stability performance, steady-state mean square error, and computational complexity are performed. In practice, we compare with the existing related algorithms in system identification and echo cancellation scenarios, the results illustrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms them with notable margins.
Grid Fault Detection of DFIG Wind Farms using a High-Fidelity Model and Machine Learning

A fault detection algorithm is proposed in this paper for wind farms. The algorithm is based on machine learning adopting Support Vector Machines (SVM). The focus is on the detection of grid faults for a Wind Farm of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (WF-DFIG). A high-fidelity model is used to simulate the system performance in faulty and healthy conditions. Statistical features based on steady-state signal analysis of measured signals are extracted. Machine learning results on a 9MW model WF-DFIG Grid-connected are provided by MATLAB/SIMULINK. The model performance is clarified and success in fault detection is illustrated.
Diophantine approximation and special Liouville numbers

This paper introduces some methods to determine the simultaneous approximation constants of a class of well approximable numbers $\zeta_{1},\zeta_{2},. ,\zeta_{k}$. The approach relies on results on the connection between the set of all $s$-adic expansions ($s\geq 2$) of $\zeta_{1},\zeta_{2},. ,\zeta_{k}$ and their associated approximation constants. As an application, explicit construction of real numbers $\zeta_{1},\zeta_{2},. ,\zeta_{k}$ with prescribed approximation properties are deduced and illustrated by Matlab plots.
The canonical central exact sequence for locally compact quantum groups

For a locally compact quantum group G we define its center, Z(G) , and its quantum group of inner automorphisms, Inn (G) . We show that one obtains a natural isomorphism between Inn (G) and G/Z(G) , we characterize normal quantum subgroups of a compact quantum group as those left invariant by the action of the quantum group of inner automorphisms and discuss several examples.
Application of microlocal analysis to an inverse problem arising from financial markets

One of the most interesting problems discerned when applying the Black–Scholes model to financial derivatives, is reconciling the deviation between expected and observed values. In our recent work, we derived a new model based on the Black–Scholes model and formulated a new mathematical approach to an inverse problem in financial markets. In this paper, we apply microlocal analysis to prove a uniqueness of the solution to our inverse problem. While microlocal analysis is used for various models in physics and engineering, this is the first attempt to apply it to a model in financial markets. First, we explain our model, which is a type of arbitrage model and illustrate our new mathematically applying microlocal analysis to the integral equation, we prove our uniqueness of the solution to our new mathematical model in financial markets. Finally we propose and test the numerical algorithm for our model.
Nutritive and Phytochemical Composition of Aromatic Microgreen Herbs and Spices Belonging to the Apiaceae Family

Microgreens represent a new generation of food products, commonly used to garnish and embellish culinary dishes, and recently associated with an increasing interest in their nutraceutical and phytochemical profiles. Four Apiaceae species: Pimpinella anisum L. (anise), Anthriscus cerefolium L. (chervil), Carum carvi L. (caraway), and Anethum graveolens L. (dill) were assessed for fresh yield, macro- and microminerals, total chlorophylls, total ascorbic acid, carotenoids, polyphenols, and their antioxidant activity. Anise was the species yielding the most (2.53 kg m−2) and having the highest lutein content (18.4 µg g−1 dry weight (DW)). Chervil and dill were characterized by the highest total ascorbic acid content (~151 mg AA g−1 fresh weight (FW)). The phenolic profile highlighted the presence of five flavonoid derivatives and 12 phenolic acid derivatives, with quinic acid derivatives being the most abundant phenols in the species tested. In addition, anise, caraway, and dill proved to be considerably rich in total polyphenols (~11056 μg g−1 DW). Caraway and dill were characterized by the highest antioxidant activity measured by the DPPH and ABTS methods, whereas the FRAP method revealed caraway as having the highest antioxidant activity. Such results highlight the potential of Apiaceae species as an alternative to other families which are commonly used for microgreens production.
On extended graphical calculus for categorified quantum $sl(n)$

We study the properties of the extended graphical calculus for categorified quantum $sl(n)$. The main results include proofs of Reidemeister 2 and Reidemeister 3-like moves involving strands corresponding to arbitrary thicknesses and arbitrary colors -- the results that were anounced in [M. Stosic: Indecomposable objects and Lusztig's canonical basis, Math. Res. Lett. 22, no. 1 (2015), 245-278].
Ground state energy of mixture of Bose gases

We consider the asymptotic behavior of a system of multi-component trapped bosons, when the total particle number [Formula: see text] becomes large. In the dilute regime, when the interaction potentials have the length scale of order [Formula: see text], we show that the leading order of the ground state energy is captured correctly by the Gross–Pitaevskii energy functional and that the many-body ground state fully condensates on the Gross–Pitaevskii minimizers. In the mean-field regime, when the interaction length scale is [Formula: see text], we are able to verify Bogoliubov’s approximation and obtain the second order expansion of the ground state energy. While such asymptotic results have several precursors in the literature on one-component condensates, the adaptation to the multi-component setting is non-trivial in various respects and the analysis will be presented in detail.
Efficient Preparation of Small-Sized Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanosheets by Polymer-Assisted Ball Milling

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets (TMDC NSs) have attracted growing interest due to their unique structure and properties. Although various methods have been developed to prepare TMDC NSs, there is still a great need for a novel strategy combining simplicity, generality, and high efficiency. In this study, we developed a novel polymer-assisted ball milling method for the efficient preparation of TMDC NSs with small sizes. The use of polymers can enhance the interaction of milling balls and TMDC materials, facilitate the exfoliation process, and prevent the exfoliated nanosheets from aggregating. The WSe2 NSs prepared by carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC)-assisted ball milling have small lateral sizes (8~40 nm) with a high yield (~60%). The influence of the experimental conditions (polymer, milling time, and rotation speed) on the size and yield of the nanosheets was studied. Moreover, the present approach is also effective in producing other TMDC NSs, such as MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2. This study demonstrates that polymer-assisted ball milling is a simple, general, and effective method for the preparation of small-sized TMDC NSs.
Modulation of Lipid Profile and Lipoprotein Subfractions in Overweight/Obese Women at Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases through the Consumption of Apple/Berry Juice

Polyphenol-rich foods protect the cellular systems of the human body from oxidative damage, thereby reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated the effect of phenolic-rich apple/berry juice (chokeberry, blueberry, and cranberry) on lipidemic profiles in overweight/obese women. The 6 week single-arm pre–post intervention study involved 20 women (mean age 52.95 ± 5.8 years, body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, and ≥1 CVD risk factors) consuming 300 mL/day of the apple/berry juice. Lipid profile, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions assessed using Lipoprint® electrophoresis, and other parameters related to cardiovascular risk (C-reactive protein, glucose, blood pressure) were analyzed before and again after the intervention in the monitored group of women. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased from 1.30 ± 0.29 to 1.55 ± 0.32, magnesium from 0.85 ± 0.03 to 0.90 ± 0.05, and total antioxidant status from 1.68 ± 0.08 to 1.81 ± 0.10. The LDL/HDL ratio significantly decreased from 3.40 ± 0.99 to 2.66 ± 0.63 mmol/L, and the glucose from 5.50 ± 0.72 to 5.24 ± 0.74 mmol/L. However, the hs-CRP did not change significantly. Women with atherogenic subfractions LDL3-7 at baseline (n = 6) showed a significant reduction from 0.45 ± 0.19 to 0.09 ± 0.07 mmol/L. Overweight/obese women may benefit from apple/berry juice as part of a healthy lifestyle to improve their lipid profile, and thus, contribute to cardiovascular health.
Performance Analysis of User-Centric Clustering Under Composite Fading Channels

In this paper, the issue of user-centric clustering in cloud radio access networks is investigated. Specially, the outage probability of the typical user is derived by taking void cell and composite fading into account. The locations of remote radio heads and users working on the same resource block are modeled as the Poisson point process (PPP) and Mat $\acute {e}$ rn hard-core point process of type II (MHCPP), respectively. Due to intractability of MHCPP, the PPP-based approximation is adopted. Then the closed expression of Laplace transform of the probability density function of the interfering power under composite fading channels is derived by Gauss-Hermite quadrature. Based on the approximated PPP, we obtain the outage probability of the typical user with user-centric clustering in the presence of void cell. Finally, the outage probability with or without considering void cell is verified and analyzed under different system parameters (i.g., the density of nodes, the radius of cluster, and the threshold of signal quality) and channel fading conditions (i.g., the pathloss exponent, shadowing standard deviation) through extensive simulations. Simulation results show that the effect of void cell on the system performance should be considered, especially when the density of nodes or the size of cluster is limited.
School Vouchers and College Enrollment: Experimental Evidence From Washington, DC

Washington, DC’s Opportunity Scholarship Program (OSP), the only federally funded school voucher program in the United States, has provided private school scholarships to low-income students in DC since 2004. From its inception, the program has received significant attention in national debates and has been the subject of rigorous evaluations mandated by Congress. We conduct an experimental evaluation of the effect of the OSP on college enrollment by comparing the college enrollment rates of students offered a scholarship in lotteries held in 2004 and 2005 with those of students who applied but did not win a scholarship. Students who won scholarships to attend private schools were not significantly more or less likely to enroll in college than students who did not.