The relationship between the family environment, eating behavior and obesity for the secondary school students Orta okul öğrencilerinde aile ortamı, yeme tutumu ve obezite durumları arasındaki ilişki

In this study, the junior school students’ family environments in which they live, their eating behaviors, and obesity have been examined in respect of their genders, levels of class and socio-economic levels. The research is realized by using the relational screening model. The research has been realized on 565 students going to the junior high schools in Kocaeli central township Izmit who are between the ages of 11-14. In the research, the Family Environment Scale and Eating Behavior Test was applied. In addition, the tallness and weights of the students were taken by the researcher. In the calculation of the Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the weight of the body (kg) by the square of the tallness (in meters=m) (BMI= kg/m2). The values of the Body Mass Indices of the students were grouped according to the genders and age intervals by comparing to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) reference values in the year 2007. The correlation analysis is used in order to show the relationship between the variables, and the Kolmogoroy-Smirnov test is utilized in order to test the normalness. In addition, the t-test and one-way analysis of variance is used. At the end of the study, it was found that the rate of those with obesity was 22% in girls and 11% in boys. They concluded that the students with high control points show abnormal eating disorder, and the students with high unity and solidarity show normal eating behaviors. When the family environment and eating behavior are examined according to the variable of gender, there are meaningful differences in favor of girls in respect of unity and solidarity and in favor of boys in respect of control. Also in this study, it is seen that the high socioeconomic level effects obesity and abnormal eating behavior. In the light of the data obtained from the research, it is concluded that the family environment is influential on the abnormal eating behavior, and that the socioeconomic level is a risk factor for abnormal eating behavior and obesity. When these are taken into consideration, it will be very important to arrange studies for developing the relationships within the families. The studies to be done in this respect are expect to prevent abnormal eating behaviors at an important level before they reach clinical levels. Ozet Bu calismada ortaokul ogrencilerinin yasamis olduklari aile ortamlari, yeme tutumlari ve obezite durumlari cinsiyet, sinif duzeyi ve sosyoekonomik duzeyleri yonunden incelenmistir. Arastirma iliskisel tarama yontemi ile gerceklestirilmistir. Arastirma Kocaeli ili Izmit merkez ortaokullarinda okuyan 11-14 yas grubundaki 565 ogrenci ile gerceklestirilmistir. Arastirmada veri toplama amaciyla ogrencilere Aile Ortami Olcegi ve Yeme Tutumu Testi uygulanmistir. Ayrica ogrencilerin boy ve agirliklari arastirmaci tarafindan olculmustur. Beden Kitle Indeksi (BKI)’nin hesaplanmasinda bireyin vucut agirliginin (kg), boy uzunlugunun (m cinsinden) karesine (BKI=kg/m²) bolunmesi formulu kullanilmistir. Ogrencilerin Beden Kitle Indeksi (BKI) degerleri cinsiyete ve yas araligina gore Dunya Saglik Orgutu (WHO)’nun 2007 yili referans degerleri ile karsilastirilarak gruplandirilmistir. Degiskenler arasindaki iliskiyi ortaya koymak icin korelasyon analizi ve normallik sinamasi icin de Kolmogoroy-Smirnov testinden yararlanilmistir. Ayrica t-testi ve tek yonlu varyans analizi uygulanmistir. Arastirma sonucunda obez olanlarin orani kizlarda %22, erkeklerde ise %11 bulunmustur. Denetim puanlari yuksek ogrencilerin bozuk yeme davranisi, birlik beraberlik puani yuksek ogrencilerde ise normal yeme davranisi gosterdikleri sonucuna varilmistir. Cinsiyet degiskenine gore aile ortami ve yeme tutumu incelendiginde birlik beraberlik boyutunda kizlar lehine, denetim boyutunda ise erkekler lehine anlamli farklilik bulunmustur. Ayrica bu calismada yuksek sosyoekonomik yapinin obeziteyi ve anormal yeme davranisini etkiledigi sonucuna varilmistir. Arastirmadan elde edilen veriler isiginda aile ortaminin anormal yeme davranisi uzerinde etkili oldugu, cinsiyetin ve sosyoekonomik duzeyin anormal yeme davranislari ve obezite icin risk faktoru oldugu dusunuldugunde ailelerle yapilacak aile ici iliskileri gelistirici calismalarin duzenlenmesi buyuk onem tasiyacaktir. Bu yonde yapilacak calismalarin bozuk yeme davranislarini klinik duzeye tasimadan, onemli olcude onleyecegi dusunulmektedir.