Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Negative biases and risk for depression; integrating self‐report and emotion task markers

Background: Negativity biases and their impact on reactivity to negative emotion are implicated in the mechanisms of risk for depression. The aim of this study was to determine whether self‐reported negativity bias is related to objective cognitive measures of emotional reactivity. Methods: A previously established Web self‐report measure of negativity bias was used to assess 1,080 volunteers from the Brain Resource International Database (overseen by the nonprofit BRAINnet Foundation). We identified matched subgroups of “High Risk” (n = 216) and “Low Risk” (n = 216) participants using a psychometric high‐risk method, which classified High Risk as the sample's top 30% of negativity bias scores and Low Risk as the bottom 30%. These subsamples also completed the WebNeuro cognitive tasks for assessing both conscious and nonconscious reactions to facial emotions. Task performance was quantified by accuracy, reaction time, and misidentification errors. Results: The High Risk (high negativity bias) subgroup was distinguished by greater reactivity to negative emotion in both conscious and nonconscious processing. The High Risk profile was reflected in higher accuracy for sadness (nonconsciously) and disgust (consciously), and more frequent misidentification of neutral as anger (consciously). Conclusions: These results are consistent with seminal theories that a systematic cognitive negativity bias produces a hyper‐reactivity to negative emotion, which can impact nonconscious as well as conscious processing. The results provide a step toward objective markers of risk for depression that would help the community act regarding preventative programs. Replication in patient samples is warranted. Depression and Anxiety, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimating Accuracy from Unlabeled Data

We consider the question of how unlabeled data can be used to estimate the true accuracy of learned classifiers. This is an important question for any autonomous learning system that must estimate its accuracy without supervision, and also when classifiers trained from one data distribution must be applied to a new distribution (e.g., document classifiers trained on one text corpus are to be applied to a second corpus). We first show how to estimate error rates exactly from unlabeled data when given a collection of competing classifiers that make independent errors, based on the agreement rates between subsets of these classifiers. We further show that even when the competing classifiers do not make independent errors, both their accuracies and error dependencies can be estimated by making certain relaxed assumptions. Experiments on two data real-world data sets produce estimates within a few percent of the true accuracy, using solely un-labeled data. These results are of practical significance in situations where labeled data is scarce and shed light on the more general question of how the consistency among multiple functions is related to their true accuracies.
Performance Effect Analysis of False Sharing Problem in Clusters with Single I/O Space

With the development of cluster of workstations, more and more researches are focused on the single system image (SSI). Single I/O space plays an important role in the I/O intensive applications. Based on the study of the different I/O architectures of cluster, false sharing problem in the distributed RAID with single I/O space is arisen. Identification of false sharing problem plays an important role for the performance improvement of the storage system in the cluster environment. We give out the precise definition of different cases of false sharing. In order to evaluate the false sharing effect to the I/O system performance, we define a performance measurement method. Based on the precise definition of false sharing and the measurement metric, simulation is carried out to test the false sharing effect to the overall I/O system performance. From the simulation result, we can see that because of the false sharing effect, the overall I/O system performance will not increase with the increasing of the stripe unit size. This is quite different from the scenario of centralized disk array.
Self-Micro-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System to Enhance the Solubility of the Hydrophobic Drugs

Self-micro-emulsifying drug delivery system is the one of the approach for enhancing the solubility of the hydrophobic drug. The drugs which are insoluble in water can be formulated in this method by solubilising it in the lipid vehicle to absorb through the membranes. The lipid and surfactants are used to increase the solubility of the drug and improve absorption. This improves the dissolution rate of the drug by increasing its solubility. Many of the hurdles and solutions are described in this article. This technique gained attention as it also enhances the bioavailability of the drug. This article has complete review about SMEDDS for present work and for future perspective also.
Improvements in printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells via thinner spacer layers

Printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells based on TiO2/ZrO2/carbon mesoporous scaffolds have a promising future in commercialization due to their stability and ease of large-scale manufacturing, in which the mesoporous ZrO2 (mp-ZrO2) spacer is crucial in decreasing charge carrier recombination. To obtain high-performance devices, 2–3 μm thick mp-ZrO2 is usually needed. However, such thickness leads to an increased loading amount of perovskite material and causes problems such as reproducibility, pollution, and waste. Herein, we provide a universal solution to enhance VOC in printable mesoscopic PSCs with thin mp-ZrO2 layers. By depositing a thin layer of Al2O3 using a spraying pyrolysis method, we successfully retard the recombination between the TiO2 and carbon electrode. We further find the modification could down-shift the conduction band minimum (CBM) and increase the carrier transportation. Finally, we successfully reduce the mp-ZrO2 thickness of devices from 3 μm to 1.2 μm while retaining comparable device performance. Thanks to thinner ZrO2 layers, the usage of solvent and PbI2 is also reduced, which makes the device both more cost-efficient and environmentally friendly. This modification strategy will pave the way to the commercialization of printable mesoscopic PSCs with greener and cheaper processes.
Angiogenic Gene Therapy (AGENT) Trial in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris

Background—The angiogenic response to myocardial ischemia can be augmented in animal models by gene transfer with the use of a replication defective adenovirus (Ad) containing a human fibroblast growth factor (FGF) gene. Methods and Results—The objectives of the Angiogenic GENe Therapy (AGENT) trial were to evaluate the safety and anti-ischemic effects of 5 ascending doses of Ad5-FGF4 in patients with angina and to select potentially safe and effective doses for subsequent study. Seventy-nine patients with chronic stable angina Canadian Cardiovascular Society class 2 or 3 underwent double-blind randomization (1:3) to placebo (n=19) or Ad5-FGF4 (n=60). Safety evaluations were performed at each visit and exercise treadmill testing (ETT) at baseline and at 4 and 12 weeks. Single intracoronary administration of Ad5-FGF4 seemed to be safe and well tolerated with no immediate adverse events. Fever of <1-day duration occurred in 3 patients in the highest-dose group. Transient, asymptomatic elevations in liver enzymes occurred in 2 patients in lower-dose groups. Serious adverse events during follow-up (mean, 311 days) were not different between placebo and Ad5-FGF4. Overall, patients who received Ad5-FGF4 tended to have greater improvements in exercise time at 4 weeks (1.3 versus 0.7 minutes, P =NS, n=79). A protocol-specified, subgroup analysis showed the greatest improvement in patients with baseline ETT ≤10 minutes (1.6 versus 0.6 minutes, P =0.01, n=50). Conclusions—Results show evidence of favorable anti-ischemic effects with Ad5-FGF4 compared with placebo, and it appears to be safe. Angiogenic gene transfer with Ad5-FGF4 shows promise as a new therapeutic approach to the treatment of angina pectoris.
Coarse graining, fractional moments and the critical slope of random copolymers

For a much-studied model of random copolymer at a selective interface we prove that the slope of the critical curve in the weak-disorder limit is strictly smaller than 1, which is the value given by the annealed inequality. The proof is based on a coarse-graining procedure, combined with upper bounds on the fractional moments of the partition function.
The 5'-flanking region of the mouse thymidylate synthase gene is necessary but not sufficient for normal regulation in growth-stimulated cells

The thymidylate synthase (TS) gene is a housekeeping gene that is expressed at much higher levels in proliferating cells than in quiescent cells. We have studied the role of the TS 5'-flanking sequences in regulating the level of expression of the mouse TS gene. A variety of chimeric TS minigenes that contain different promoters linked either to the TS coding region (with or without introns) or to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) coding region were constructed. The activities of the minigenes were determined by transfecting them into cultured cells and measuring the levels of mRNA or enzyme derived from the chimeric genes. We found that the mouse TS promoter had about the same strength as the simian virus 40 early promoter but was significantly stronger than the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase promoter. Stable transfection studies revealed that minigenes consisting of the normal TS promoter (extending to -1 kb), coding region, and polyadenylation signal were regulated normally in response to growth stimulation. When the TS promoter was replaced by the simian virus 40 early promoter or by a TS promoter that retained only 60 nucleotides upstream of the first transcriptional start site, the minigene was expressed constitutively. A minigene consisting of the TS promoter (extending to -1 kb) linked to the CAT coding region was also expressed constitutively. These observations indicate that sequences upstream of the transcriptional start sites of the TS gene are necessary, although not sufficient, for normal growth-regulated expression of the mouse TS gene.
Potential Mass Surveillance and Privacy Violations in Proximity-Based Social Applications

Proximity-based social applications let users interact with people that are currently close to them, by revealing some information about their preferences and whereabouts. This information is acquired through passive geo-localisation and used to build a sense of serendipitous discovery of people, places and interests. Unfortunately, while this class of applications opens different interactions possibilities for people in urban settings, obtaining access to certain identity information could lead a possible privacy attacker to identify and follow a user in their movements in a specific period of time. The same information shared through the platform could also help an attacker to link the victim's online profiles to physical identities. We analyse a set of popular dating application that shares users relative distances within a certain radius and show how, by using the information shared on these platforms, it is possible to formalise a multilateration attack, able to identify the user actual position. The same attack can also be used to follow a user in all their movements within a certain period of time, therefore identifying their habits and Points of Interest across the city. Furthermore we introduce a social attack which uses common Facebook likes to profile a person and finally identify their real identity.
Why the braking indices of young pulsars are less than 3

In this letter we discuss two possible reasons which cause the observed braking indices n of young radio pulsars to be smaller than 3: (a) the evolving spin-down model of the magnetic field component $B_{\perp}$ increases with time; (b) the extrinsic braking torque model in which the tidal torques exerted on the pulsar by the fallback disk, and carries away the spin angular momentum from the pulsar. Based on some simple assumptions, we derive the expression of the braking indices, and calculate the spin-down evolutionary tracks of pulsars for different input parameters.
Changes in lipid profile during infliximab and corticosteroid treatment in rheumatoid arthritis

Objective: To evaluate the effects of infliximab and corticosteroid treatment on the lipid profile in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: Infliximab infusions were given at weeks 0, 2, 6 and then every 8 weeks. Before each infusion, disease activity parameters (Disease Activity Index 28-Joint Score (DAS28)) C reactive protein (CRP) and lipid levels (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1) and apolipoprotein B) were measured in 80 consecutive patients with RA, who completed the study period of 48 weeks. Longitudinal analyses were used to investigate (1) the course of lipid levels over a period of time and (2) the relationship between lipids, prednisone dose and disease activity. Results: Infliximab treatment causes a significant reduction in disease activity and a concomitant decrease in prednisone dose. Although they initially improved significantly, all lipid levels had returned to baseline levels after 48 weeks, except for apo A1. Longitudinal analyses revealed significant yet opposite associations between lipid levels and disease activity and between lipid levels and prednisone dose. DAS28 improvement by 1 point was associated with an increase of 0.016 mmol/l (0.618 mg/dl) total cholesterol and 0.045 mmol/l (1.737 mg/dl) HDL-cholesterol. Reduction of 10 mg prednisone was associated with a decrease of 0.04 mmol/l (1.544 mg/dl) total cholesterol and 0.16 mmol/l (6.177 mg/dl) HDL-cholesterol. Conclusion: Overall, no changes in serum lipid levels were observed after 48 weeks of infliximab treatment. The initial beneficial effects of infliximab on the lipid profile, by means of a reduction of disease activity, are attenuated by a concomitant decrease in prednisone dose.
Handling Overload in Publish/Subscribe Systems

A new approach for handling overload in Publish/ Subscribe systems is presented. We address the issues of how to cope (1) with the limitations imposed by the external environment (e.g., network congestion or link failures) and (2) the limitations resulting directly from within the service itself (e.g., high message load). These two issues are handled in a graceful way while ensuring that the most valuable information is given the highest chance of a successful delivery.
A Robust Rotation Invariant Multiview Face Detection in Erratic Illumination Condition

The major challenge of face detection techniques lies in handling varying poses, i.e., detection of faces in arbitrary indepth rotations. The face image differences caused by rotations are often larger than the inter-person differences used in Rotation the research toward pose-invariant face recognition in recent years and many prominent approaches have been proposed. However, several issues in face recognition across pose still remain open. The aim of Rotation invariant multiview face detection (MVFD) is to detect faces with arbitrary rotation-in-plane (RIP) and rotation off-plane (ROP) angles in still images. MVFD is crucial as the first step in automatic face processing for general applications since face images are usually upright and frontal unless they are taken in cooperation with the person. This paper, proposes a innovative methods to construct a high-performance rotation invariant multiview face detector. This multiview face detector reduces the computational complexity and has broad detection scope. The detection accuracy is high on the testing set of images. The existing techniques are discussed in detail and are compared with the proposed method. A new pose invariant face recognition system based on MBWM histogram matching is proposed. The classification is performed by using the Multiclass support vector machine of a test face and training faces in the database. The proposed system gives 98.80% recognition rate on the HP database of 15 face subjects.
A New Approach for Secure Data Transfer based on Wavelet Transform

In today's world, there are a number of cryptographic and steganographic techniques used in order to have secured data transfer between a sender and a receiver. In this paper we present a new hybrid approach that integrates the merits of cryptography and Image steganography based on multi resolution wavelet domain. First, the original message is encrypted using modified blowfish algorithm and the resultant cipher text is embedded into a cover image. After that the Steg image is decomposed into approximation and detailed image using discrete wavelet transform. The resultant reduced image is transmitted to the receiver and the reverse process is done in order to get back the original plain text. Our experimental results show that our system is unique in its design as well as it is suspicion less.
A lightweight management protocol for IPv6-based wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we propose a lightweight management protocol for IPv6-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs). IPv6-based WSNs use large numbers of battery-operated devices with limited computing and energy resources. Network performance is influenced by link quality and energy resources of node devices and node failure in networks may affect the end-to-end communications. Thus real-time network management is important for the network performance. To meet the demands of the management service in resource limited WSNs and the real-time network management requirements of local area networks, an interactive communication model and a management information base (MIB) for device are firstly designed. Then we develop common and unified access methods for management objects and attributes, and specifically, to realize the management of frequently-used attributes, specific command frames are proposed. Compared to the traditional management protocols, the proposed lightweight protocol reduces the management packet length, consumes less energy and saves code space. Test results show that the protocol runs well in the practical IPv6-based WSNs and manages devices effectively.
Adenylyl Cyclase 1 Is Required for Ethanol-Induced Locomotor Sensitization and Associated Increases in NMDA Receptor Phosphorylation and Function in the Dorsal Medial Striatum

Neuroadaptive responses to chronic ethanol, such as behavioral sensitization, are associated with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) recruitment. Ethanol enhances GluN2B-containing NMDAR function and phosphorylation (Tyr-1472) of the GluN2B-NMDAR subunit in the dorsal medial striatum (DMS) through a protein kinase A (PKA)–dependent pathway. Ethanol-induced phosphorylation of PKA substrates is partially mediated by calcium-stimulated adenylyl cyclase 1 (AC1), which is enriched in the dorsal striatum. As such, AC1 is poised as an upstream modulator of ethanol-induced DMS neuroadaptations that promote drug responding, and thus represents a therapeutic target. Our hypothesis is that loss of AC1 activity will prevent ethanol-induced locomotor sensitization and associated DMS GluN2B-NMDAR adaptations. We evaluated AC1’s contribution to ethanol-evoked locomotor responses and DMS GluN2B-NMDAR phosphorylation and function using AC1 knockout (AC1KO) mice. Results were mechanistically validated with the AC1 inhibitor, NB001. Acute ethanol (2.0 g/kg) locomotor responses in AC1KO and wild-type (WT) mice pretreated with NB001 (10 mg/kg) were comparable to WT ethanol controls. However, repeated ethanol treatment (10 days, 2.5 g/kg) failed to produce sensitization in AC1KO or NB001 pretreated mice, as observed in WT ethanol controls, following challenge exposure (2.0 g/kg). Repeated exposure to ethanol in the sensitization procedure significantly increased pTyr-1472 GluN2B levels and GluN2B-containing NMDAR transmission in the DMS of WT mice. Loss of AC1 signaling impaired ethanol-induced increases in DMS pGluN2B levels and NMDAR-mediated transmission. Together, these data support a critical and specific role for AC1 in striatal signaling that mediates ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization, and identify GluN2B-containing NMDARs as an important AC1 target.
Astronomy and Astrophysics Detection of Deuterium Balmer Lines in the Orion Nebula

The detection and first identification of the deuterium Balmer emission lines, Dα and Dβ, in the core of the Orion Nebula is reported. These lines are very narrow , have identical 11 km s −1 velocity shifts with respect to Hα and Hβ, are probably excited by UV continuum flu-orescence from the Lyman (D i) lines and arise from the interface between the H ii region and the molecular cloud.
DEVELOPING THE PROCESS FOR THROUGH-ETCHING OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL QUARTZ IN INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMAS

The possibility of using the Taguchi method to create an optimized process for deep-through plasmachemical etching of single-crystal quartz with a minimum number of experiments is considered. The technological parameters of the PCE process in CH4/H2 and SF6/O2 plasmas have been ranked according to the degree of significance of their influence on the etching rate. The influence nature of these parameters on the etching rate is analyzed.
End-to-end delay of an adaptive selective repeat ARQ protocol

This paper analyzes the end-to-end delay of a selective-repeat ARQ protocol which tries to adaptively use the channel idle time. The end-to-end delay consists of three parts: queueing delay at the transmitter, transmission delay over the channel, and resequencing delay at the receiver. Although this paper succeeds only in obtaining approximate end-to-end delay, the agreement with simulation is generally good. >
Chest computed tomography findings in severe influenza pneumonia occurring in neutropenic cancer patients

OBJECTIVE: To describe the chest computed tomography findings for severe influenza H1N1 infection in a series of hospitalized neutropenic cancer patients. METHODS: We performed a retrospective systematic analysis of chest computed tomography scans for eight hospitalized patients with fever, neutropenia, and confirmed diagnoses of influenza H1N1. The clinical data had been prospectively collected. RESULTS: Six of eight patients (75%) developed respiratory failure and required intensive care. Prolonged H1N1 shedding was observed in the three mechanically ventilated patients, and overall hospital mortality in our series was 25%. The most frequent computed tomography findings were ground-glass opacity (all patients), consolidation (7/8 cases), and airspace nodules (6/8 cases) that were frequently moderate or severe. Other parenchymal findings were not common. Five patients had features of pneumonia, two had computed tomography findings compatible with bronchitis and/or bronchiolitis, and one had tomographic signs of chronicity. CONCLUSION: In this series of neutropenic patients with severe influenza H1N1 infection, chest computed tomography demonstrated mainly moderate or severe parenchymatous disease, but bronchiolitis was not a common feature. These findings associated with febrile neutropenia should elicit a diagnosis of severe viral infection.