Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving medication management for patients: the effect of a pharmacist on post-admission ward rounds

Problem: Medication management in the NHS has been highlighted by the UK Department of Health as an area for improvement. Pharmacist participation on post-take (post-admission) ward rounds was shown to reduce medication errors and reduced prescribing costs in the USA and in UK teaching hospitals, which can contribute to improved medication management. We sought to demonstrate the problem in our hospital by collecting data on prescribing practice from three consecutive general medical post-take ward rounds. Setting: Northwick Park Hospital, a district general hospital in north-west London, which provides acute medical services to a population of 300 000. Strategy for change: A pharmacist was invited to become a member of the post-take ward round team that reviewed medical patients admitted within the preceding 24 hours. Patients also continued to receive care from a ward based pharmacist. Patient notes were analysed for cost of drugs on admission and discharge, discrepancies between admission drug history and pharmacist history, number of admission drugs stopped before discharge, and pharmacist recommendations. Pharmacist recommendations and actions were classified using a National Patient Safety Agency risk matrix. Effects of change: Discrepancies between the admission and the pharmacist derived drug history were noted in 26 of 50 in the pre-intervention group and 52 of 53 in the intervention group. The annual drug cost per patient following discharge increased by £181 in the pre-intervention group and by £122 in the intervention group. Five pre-admission drugs were stopped in three pre-intervention patients saving £276 per annum, while the 42 drugs stopped in 19 intervention patients saved £4699 per annum. No ward based pharmacist recommendations were recorded in the pre-intervention group. Recommendations regarding drug choice, dose, and need for drug treatment were most common; 58 minor, 48 moderate and four major risks to patients were potentially avoided. Lessons learnt: The presence of a pharmacist on a post-take ward round improved the accuracy of drug history documentation, reduced prescribing costs, and decreased the potential risk to patients in our hospital. As a result of this work a full time pharmacist has now been funded to attend daily post-take ward rounds on a permanent basis.
Comparative Properties of Models of the Uk Economy

This paper describes the overall properties of six major macroeconomic models, through dynamic multiplier analysis of a number of standard simulation exercises. The models are those of the London Business School (LBS), the National Institute of Economic and Social Research (NIESR), HM Treasury (HMT), the Bank of England (BE), the City University Business School (CUBS) and the Liverpool University Research Group in Macroeconomics (LPL), as deposited with the ESRC Macroeconomic Modelling Bureau in late 1987. The simulations demonstrate the response of the models to changes in key policy instruments and to exogenous shocks; they are conducted, as far as possible, in a consistent manner across the models.
Neural Skill Transfer from Supervised Language Tasks to Reading Comprehension

Reading comprehension is a challenging task in natural language processing and requires a set of skills to be solved. While current approaches focus on solving the task as a whole, in this paper, we propose to use a neural network `skill' transfer approach. We transfer knowledge from several lower-level language tasks (skills) including textual entailment, named entity recognition, paraphrase detection and question type classification into the reading comprehension model. We conduct an empirical evaluation and show that transferring language skill knowledge leads to significant improvements for the task with much fewer steps compared to the baseline model. We also show that the skill transfer approach is effective even with small amounts of training data. Another finding of this work is that using token-wise deep label supervision for text classification improves the performance of transfer learning.
Word Sense Induction: Triplet-Based Clustering and Automatic Evaluation

In this paper a novel solution to automatic and unsupervised word sense induction (WSI) is introduced. It represents an instantiation of the ‘one sense per collocation’ observation (Gale et al., 1992). Like most existing approaches it utilizes clustering of word co-occurrences. This approach differs from other approaches to WSI in that it enhances the effect of the one sense per collocation observation by using triplets of words instead of pairs. The combination with a two-step clustering process using sentence co-occurrences as features allows for accurate results. Additionally, a novel and likewise automatic and unsupervised evaluation method inspired by Sch¨ utze’s (1992) idea of evaluation of word sense disambiguation algorithms is employed. Offering advantages like reproducability and independency of a given biased gold standard it also enables automatic parameter optimization of the WSI algorithm.
Network Attack Analysis and the Behaviour Engine

Behaviour Engines allow the acquirement of tacit (implicit or none verbalists) knowledge by using an acquire-by-action workflow and provide a direct interaction platform between the domain expert and the evolving project code based on an intuitive justification-conclusion language, thus surpassing legacy policy engines by being a self developing and learning mechanism. This paper seeks to formulate the current state of the art in technology and processes and attempts to merge the application of ontological decision techniques of behaviour engines with network packet capture data, to detect data exfiltration attempts over covert channelling. The final goal of the research will be to develop a behaviour engine/intrusion detection solution for pre-emptive counter-measures to anomalous behaviour from within or without a network.
EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF AN INDIRECT FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TEST FOR DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES TO SARCOCYSTIS NEURONA, USING SERUM AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF NATURALLY AND EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED, AND VACCINATED HORSES

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) using serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of horses naturally and experimentally infected with Sarcocystis neurona, to assess the correlation between serum and CSF titers, and to determine the effect of S. neurona vaccination on the diagnosis of infection. Using receiver-operating characteristic analysis, the areas under the curve for the IFAT were 0.97 (serum) and 0.99 (CSF). Sensitivity and specificity were 83.3 and 96.9% (serum, cutoff 80) and 100 and 99% (CSF, cutoff 5), respectively. Titer-specific likelihood ratios (LRs) ranged from 0.03 to 187.8 for titers between <10 and 640. Median time to conversion was 22–26 days postinfection (DPI) (serum) and 30 DPI (CSF). The correlation between serum and CSF titers was moderately strong (r = 0.6) at 30 DPI. Percentage of vaccinated antibody-positive horses ranged from 0 to 95% between 0 and 112 days after the second vaccination. Thus, the IFAT was reliable and accurate using serum and CSF. Use of LRs potentially improves clinical decision making. Correlation between serum and CSF titers affects the joint accuracy of the IFAT; therefore, the ratio of serum to CSF titers has potential diagnostic value. The S. neurona vaccine could possibly interfere with equine protozoal myeloencephalitis diagnosis.
Comparative assessment of two interfaces for delivering a multimedia medical course in the French-speaking Virtual Medical University (UMVF)

The UMVF aims at helping medical students during their normal curriculum via the facilities provided by Internet based techniques. This paper describes a comparative assessment of two interfaces delivering a multimedia course: a conventional web server (WS) and an integrated e-learning platform in the form of a Virtual Campus (VC). Eleven students were arbitrarily divided into two groups. We used a qualitative method for comparing their acceptance of the on line course provided by the two different interfaces. The two groups were globally satisfied. However, a decrease in satisfaction was noted at the end of the experimentation in the VC group. This may be explained by a more complex Graphical User Interface (GUI) of the VC and some constraints which do not exist with the WS. The current e-learning platforms are probably not optimised for working conditions where presential and virtual activities are mixed. We think that a new type of "light" platforms should be developed for these specific working conditions. Students of the two groups also had limitations about the multimedia environment. They may change their opinion if they get more accustomed with the multimedia environment and if their teachers make a more adequate use of the multimedia techniques.
Processing Document Collections to Automatically Extract Linked Data: Semantic Storytelling Technologies for Smart Curation Workflows

We develop a system that operates on a document collection and represents the contained information to enable the intuitive and efﬁcient exploration of the collection. Using various NLP, IE and Semantic Web methods, we generate a semantic layer on top of the collection, from which we take the key concepts. We deﬁne templates for structured reorgan-isation and rearrange the information related to the key concepts to ﬁt the respective template. The use case of the system is to support knowledge workers (journalists, editors, curators, etc.) in their task of processing large amounts of documents by sum-marising the information contained in these documents and suggesting potential story paths that the knowledge worker can then process further.
Viktiga aspekter i sjuksköterskors strategier i omvårdnaden av ungdomar med anorexia nervosa och deras föräldrar : En litteraturstudie

Syftet med denna deskriptiva litteraturstudie var att beskriva viktiga aspekter i omvardnaden av ungdomar med anorexia nervosa och deras foraldrar ur ungdomars, foraldrars och sjukskoterskors persp .
Identification of thymocyte progenitors in hemopoietic tissues of the rat. I. A quantitative assay system for thymocyte regeneration.

A quantitative adoptive transfer system is described which can be used to precisely monitor the generation of thymocytes and peripheral T cell subsets by precursor cells in hemopoietic tissues of rats. This assay utilizes the rat pan-T cell alloantigens, A.R. T. -1a and A.R. T. -1b, and the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) to directly enumerate donor- and host-origin thymocytes and T cells in irradiated, histo-compatible recipients. The assay has the advantage over related systems in that it detects more than 95% of total newly-formed thymocytes and T cells at all stages of differentiation; that it is highly sensitive (as few as 1% of the appropriate A.R.T.-1 bearing cells can be detected in cell mixtures); and that it permits selective recovery of donor-and/or host-origin cells for further characterization. The results show that, after a lag period of 10-12 days, the regenerative kinetics of donor-origin thymocytes are linear with respect to time and cell dose, over a range of 2.5 to 50 X 10(6) bone marrow cells. Above a threshold of approximately 400R, the regenerative kinetics of donor-origin thymocytes are independent of irradiation dose, but are inversely related to the age of the recipient. On a per cell basis, bone marrow cells are more efficient than spleen cells at regenerating the thymus. By 4 months after bone marrow cell transfer, permanent chimeras are established in which the proportion of donor-origin T cells approximates that of donor-origin thymocytes, and in which the ratio of presumptive helper (W3/25+) and suppressor/cytotoxic (OX8+) donor-origin T cells is normal. The assay therefore appears to be suitable for following both the purification of prothymocytes from rat hemopoietic tissues and the proliferation and differentiation of their progeny in thymus and peripheral lymphoid tissues.
Electron Accepting Porphycenes on Graphene

The versatility of nanographene (NG) as an electron donor is demonstrated when integrated together with an electron accepting porphycene into a novel electron NG hybrid. This feature is further exploited in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), in which photoanodes (ZnO) reveal a cascade of electron flow as modus operandi.
Economic demand response model in liberalised electricity markets with respect to flexibility of consumers

Before restructuring in the electricity industry, the primary decision-makers of the electricity market were deemed to be power generation and transmission companies, market regulation boards, and power industry regulators. In this traditional structure, consumers were interested in receiving electricity at flat rates while paying no attention to the problems of this industry. This attitude was the source of many problems, sometimes leading to collapse of power systems and widespread blackouts. Restructuring of the electricity industry however provided a multitude of solutions to these problems. The most important solution can be demand response (DR) programs. This study proposes an economic DR model for residential consumers in liberalised electricity markets to change their consumption pattern from times of high-energy prices to other times to maximise their utility functions. This economic model is developed based on constant elasticity of substitution utility function known as one of the most popular utility functions in microeconomics. Simulation results indicate that the proposed model is adaptable to any group of residential consumers with any disposition towards participation in DR programs and can be adjusted for any time period according to the preference given by the residential consumer.
Label-Based Access Control Policy Enforcement and Management

To effectively participate in modern collaborations, member organizations must be able to share specific data and functionality with collaboration partners, while ensuring their resources are safe from inappropriate access. This requires access control models, policies, and enforcement mechanisms for the shared resources. This paper specifically addresses how to reduce the information leaks caused by authorization policies used in collaborative computing environment. The basic principle is defining some labels that specify the information flow constraints, and assigning them to authorization policy components. The usages of labeled policy components must obey the information flows constraints defined by the labels in order to avoid authorization policy components being misused. This label can also improve the authorization policy administration
Chloroquine enhances human CD8+ T cell responses against soluble antigens in vivo

The presentation of exogenous protein antigens in a major histocompatibility complex class I–restricted fashion to CD8+ T cells is called cross-presentation. We demonstrate that cross-presentation of soluble viral antigens (derived from hepatitis C virus [HCV], hepatitis B virus [HBV], or human immunodeficiency virus) to specific CD8+ T cell clones is dramatically improved when antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) are pulsed with the antigen in the presence of chloroquine or ammonium chloride, which reduce acidification of the endocytic system. The export of soluble antigen into the cytosol is considerably higher in chloroquine-treated than in untreated DCs, as detected by confocal microscopy of cultured cells and Western blot analysis comparing endocytic and cytosolic fractions. To pursue our findings in an in vivo setting, we boosted groups of HBV vaccine responder individuals with a further dose of hepatitis B envelope protein vaccine with or without a single dose of chloroquine. Although all individuals showed a boost in antibody titers to HBV, six of nine individuals who were administered chloroquine showed a substantial CD8+ T cell response to HBV antigen, whereas zero of eight without chloroquine lacked a CD8 response. Our results suggest that chloroquine treatment improves CD8 immunity during vaccination.
Boosting the scalability of botnet detection using adaptive traffic sampling

Botnets pose a serious threat to the health of the Internet. Most current network-based botnet detection systems require deep packet inspection (DPI) to detect bots. Because DPI is a computational costly process, such detection systems cannot handle large volumes of traffic typical of large enterprise and ISP networks. In this paper we propose a system that aims to efficiently and effectively identify a small number of suspicious hosts that are likely bots. Their traffic can then be forwarded to DPI-based botnet detection systems for fine-grained inspection and accurate botnet detection. By using a novel adaptive packet sampling algorithm and a scalable spatial-temporal flow correlation approach, our system is able to substantially reduce the volume of network traffic that goes through DPI, thereby boosting the scalability of existing botnet detection systems. We implemented a proof-of-concept version of our system, and evaluated it using real-world legitimate and botnet-related network traces. Our experimental results are very promising and suggest that our approach can enable the deployment of botnet-detection systems in large, high-speed networks.
Les expériences françaises sur la formulation des questions d'enquête. Résultats d'un premier inventaire

Jean-Paul Gremy : Die franzosischen Erfahrungen in der Formulierung der Fragestellungen bei Umfragen : Ergebnisse einer ersten Bestandaufnahme. ; ; Die angelsachsischen Erfahrungen zur Beeinflussung der Antworten durch die Formulierung der Fragen in einem Fragebogen sind sehr zahlreich und ziemlich gut bei den franzosischen Spezialisten fur extensive Umfragen bekannt. Allgemein sind jedoch die Experimentierungen in der franzosischen Sprache unbekannt, obwohl einige davon veroffentlicht wurden. Dieser Aufsatz zeichnet auf und erlautert kurz die Ergebnisse von sechsundzwanzig sei 1945 in Frankreich durchgefuhrten Versuchen nach der Methode der gegabelten Befragung.
USC/ISI at TREC 2011: Microblog Track

This paper describes the search system we developed for the inaugural TREC 2011 Microblog Track. Our system makes use of best-practice ranking techniques, including term, phrase, and proximity-based text matching via the Markov random field model, pseudo-relevance feedback using Latent Concept Expansion, and a feature-based ranking model that uses a simple, but effective learningto-rank model. We adapted each of these approaches to the specifics of the microblog search task, giving rise to a highly effective end-to-end search system. The official results from the TREC evaluation suggest that pseudorelevance feedback and learning-to-rank yield significant improvements in precision at early rank under different evaluation scenarios.
A correlation between nano and micro-hardness properties of TiN nanoparticles strengthened SAF 2205

This work studied the correlation between Vickers and nano-hardness of SAF 2205 reinforced with TiN nanoparticles for the convenience of assessing its mechanical properties. Spark plasma sintering was used to fabricate the composites. Micro and nanoindentations were performed to determine micro and nanohardness values of the fabricated composite. Optical microscope was used to assess the microstructure. The microstructure revealed that the TiN dominated the ferrite/ferrite, ferrite/austenite and austenite/austenite grain boundaries. The micro and nanohardness at the TiN dominated grain boundaries were higher compared to the grain hardness. Hardness also increased considerably as the TiN nanoparticles increases. This is also owed to the strengthening effect played by TiN at the grain boundaries by disrupting dislocation motion in the composite. The determined Vickers hardness was plotted as a function of the corresponding nanohardness, a good linear relation was found between Vickers hardness and nanohardness. A linear relationship (HV = 215.15 + 15.03Hnano) was established which indicates that there is no difference in behavior for the Vickers hardness and nanohardness.
Interventions to increase the duration of breastfeeding in obese mothers: the Bassett Improving Breastfeeding Study.

OBJECTIVE Maternal obesity is associated with poor breastfeeding outcomes, yet no intervention has been developed to improve them. To ascertain whether increased breastfeeding support or provision of a breast pump is a feasible, effective intervention to improve breastfeeding, we enrolled obese women who intended to breastfeed in two randomized trials. METHODS In Bassett Improving Breastfeeding Study (BIBS) 1, 40 women received targeted breastfeeding support in the hospital and via telephone or usual care. Information regarding breastfeeding was collected via telephone for 7 days after delivery and at 30 and 90 days postpartum. In BIBS 2, 34 obese mothers received a manual or electric breast pump to use for 10-14 days or no pump; data collection was similar. RESULTS In both experiments, randomization failed to distribute women of differing postpartum body mass index adequately among the treatment groups. When analyses were adjusted for this, there was no difference in BIBS 1 between targeted and usual care groups and in BIBS 2 among the treatment groups in the proportion of women still breastfeeding at the times studied. CONCLUSIONS In future studies of obese women, stratified randomization may be necessary. Further development of interventions to help obese women achieve optimal breastfeeding outcomes is required.
Calpain Mediates Progressive Plasma Membrane Permeability and Proteolysis of Cytoskeleton-Associated Paxillin, Talin, and Vinculin during Renal Cell Death

The goal of the present study was to determine the role of calpain in changes in plasma membrane permeability and cytoskeleton-associated paxillin, vinculin, talin, and α-actinin levels during acute renal cell death. The mitochondrial inhibitor antimycin A or hypoxia produced graded plasma membrane permeability in renal proximal tubules (RPTs), first allowing propidium iodide (PI, molecular mass 668 Da) influx and then lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, molecular mass 130 kDa) release. Cytoskeleton-associated paxillin levels decreased concomitantly with PI influx and before LDH release, whereas cytoskeleton-associated talin and vinculin levels decreased concomitantly with LDH release. Cytoskeleton-associated α-actinin levels did not change during antimycin A exposure or hypoxia. Purified μ-calpain cleaved paxillin, talin, vinculin, but not α-actinin. The dissimilar calpain inhibitors 3-(4-iodophenyl)-2-mercapto-(Z)-2-propenoic acid (PD150606) or chloroacetic acidN′-[6,7-dichloro-4-phenyl)-3-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2-yl] hydrazide (SJA7029) preserved cytoskeleton-associated paxillin, talin, and vinculin levels and prevented PI influx and LDH release in antimycin A-exposed or hypoxic RPTs. These results suggest that calpain mediates increased plasma membrane permeability and hydrolysis of cytoskeleton-associated paxillin, vinculin, and talin during renal cell death.
Framing design in the third paradigm

This paper develops vocabulary to discuss the phenomena related to the new design paradigm, which considers designing as a situated and constructive activity of meaning making rather than as problem solving. The paper studies how design projects proceed from the fuzzy early phases towards the issues of central relevance to designing. A central concept is framing, and it is elaborated with examples from two case studies. Several aspects of framing are explicated, exploratory, anticipatory and social framing, and related concepts of 'focusing', 'priming', and 'grounding' are explained. The paper concludes that understanding designing as a situated and constructive making of meaning has bearings on how designing needs to be supported.