Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A method for identifying simultaneously-transmitted signals from different transmit antennas in multi-antenna channel sounding experiments

A method is described for identifying simultaneous signals from different transmit antennas in multi-antenna sounders. Multiple orthogonal signals are produced from one pseudorandom code by using it to modulate RF carriers at pre-calculated offset frequencies. Although their frequency spectra are interleaved, the spectral lines from different transmitters are separable by Fourier transform at the receiver output. Since there is a one-to-one relationship between the length of the signal required for Fourier analysis and the number of orthogonal sounding signals, any arbitrary number of such signals can be generated, but Doppler spreads limit the number that can be employed with acceptable isolation among them.
Altered expression of MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 in predisposition to hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.

PURPOSE A considerable fraction (30% to 70%) of families with verified or putative hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer fails to show mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Our purpose was to address the genetic etiology of such families. MATERIALS AND METHODS We scrutinized a population-based cohort of 26 families from Finland that had screened mutation-negative by previous techniques. Blood was tested for allelic messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 by single nucleotide primer extension (SNuPE), and tumor tissue for MMR protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) as well as for microsatellite instability (MSI). Full-length cDNAs of genes implicated by SNuPE or IHC were cloned and sequenced. RESULTS Unbalanced mRNA expression of MLH1 alleles was evident in two families. An inherited nonsense mutation was subsequently identified in one family, and complete silencing of the mutated allele was identified in the other family. Extinct protein expression by IHC implicated MLH1 in these two and in four other families, MSH2 in four families, and MSH6 in one family. Although no unequivocal genomic mutations were detected in the latter families, haplotype and other findings provided support for heritable defects. With one exception, all tumors with IHC alterations showed MSI, in contrast to the remaining families, which showed neither IHC changes nor MSI. CONCLUSION Our expression-based strategy stratified the present "mutation-negative" cohort into two discrete categories: families linked to the major MMR genes MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 (11 [42%] of 26) and those likely to be associated with other, as yet unknown susceptibility genes (15 [58%] of 26).
How to lose at winning strategies

r n udging from the amount of published re5 g search on the topic, the random walk hypothesis must rank as one of the most important ideas in investment. On the other hand, it certainly is not the most popular few other concepts have attracted so many attempts to disprove its rather unpalatable implications. This paper shares with its predecessors the search for profitable trading strategies. It also has the aim of reminding researchers of some ground rules that they should observe if readers are to be convinced that the search has been successful and that the advice should be followed. The essence of our argument is that competent researchers with simple computational skills and historical data will always be able to find trading rtrategies that would have been profitable in the past. The difficulty is identifying strategies that will work tomorrow! +
Efficient Adeno‐Associated Virus‐Mediated Gene Expression in Human Placenta‐Derived Mesenchymal Cells

Mesenchymal cells from various sources are pluripotent and are attractive sources for cell transplantation. In this study, we analyzed recombinant adeno‐associated virus (rAAV)‐mediated gene expression in human placenta‐derived mesenchymal cells (hPDMCs), which reside in placental villi. After transduction of AV‐CAG‐EGFP, a rAAV expressing enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP), hPDMCs showed much higher level of EGFP expression than human umbilical vein endothelial cells or rat aortic smooth muscle cells. The number of EGFP‐positive hPDMCs infected by AV‐CAG‐EGFP alone did not increase significantly by coinfection of adenovirus, which enhanced expression level of the rAAV vector. Moreover, flow cytometric analysis showed discrete positive fraction of EGFP‐expressing hPDMCs, which is about 15–20% of the cells infected with AV‐CAG‐EGFP. Therefore, some cell population in hPDMCs might be highly susceptible to rAAV‐mediated gene transduction. In addition, stable EGFP expressions were observed in about 1% of hPDMCs infected with AV‐CAG‐EGFP at 4 weeks post‐infection. Collectively, hPDMCs have characters favorable for rAAV‐mediated gene expression.
Cultural Tourism Innovation Systems – The Roskilde Festival

Abstract It is only recently that the “innovation systems approach” has become a framework for micro‐economic research in new institutional economics in tourism‐related businesses and activities. There is still much to be explored. Cultural tourism phenomena constitute noteworthy objects for illustrative case studies, embedded as they are in business as well as maintaining relations with public governance structures and voluntary organizations. Since 1971, Roskilde Festival (Denmark) has developed its role as a leading element in an emerging cultural innovation system. Festival organizers maintain long‐term, dense and multi‐faceted relations. Funds from the (non‐profit) festival are efficiently channelled into cultural and sports facilities, enhancing the attractiveness of the region. To keep ahead in the festival market, innovators in the field of managerial systems, technologies and services are deliberately invited to use the grounds as test benches for new ideas. The concept of innovation systems allows for a better understanding of the complex driving forces and mechanisms that mediate the conditions, the extent and the outcomes of innovative behaviour. Roskilde is a not static event. Since 2001 especially, wider ranging organizational structures have been constructed and politically enforced with the aim of nurturing spin‐offs, and including strong representation within the educational and research sectors.
Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of an Induction Motor with Adaptive Backstepping Design of an Input-Output Feedback Linearization Controller in Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle

In this paper using adaptive backstepping approach an adaptive rotor flux observer which provides stator and rotor resistances estimation simultaneously for induction motor used in series hybrid electric vehicle is proposed. The controller of induction motor (IM) is designed based on input-output feedback linearization technique. Combining this controller with adaptive backstepping observer the system is robust against rotor and stator resistances uncertainties. In additional, mechanical components of a hybrid electric vehicle are called from the advanced vehicle simulator software library and then linked with the electric motor. Finally, a typical series hybrid electric vehicle is modeled and investigated. Various tests, such as acceleration traversing ramp, maximum speed, fuel consumption and emission are performed on the proposed model of a series hybrid vehicle. Computer simulation results obtained, confirm the validity and performance of the proposed IM control approach using for series hybrid electric vehicle.
INSURANCE CYCLES: INTEREST RATES AND THE CAPACITY CONSTRAINT MODEL

Although financial pricing models imply that profits of property-liability insurance firms should conform to an unpredictable time series process, cycles are widely reported. Some controversy exists as to whether the "underwriting cycle" is a mere accounting artifact or whether it has real resource effects. We show that changes in interest rates simultaneously affect the insurer's capital structure and the equilibrium level of underwriting profit. Depending on factors such as asset and liability durations, access to capital markets, and availability of capital substitutes such as reinsurance, insurers will be differently affected by changing interest rates. Over time, we find that the average market response to changing interest rates roughly tracks market clearing prices, although the response is somewhat dampened. However, firms with mismatched assets and liabilities, as well as those with more costly access to new capital and reinsurance, are more likely to respond to interest rate changes by either rationing supply or instituting abnormal price changes.
Design Approach for Integration ofAntennas with Electromagnetic Band Gap Structures

This paper illustrates the design of integrated EBG-antenna system using the transmission line approach. The approach is feasible using transverse EM (TEM) guide in HFSS (a finite element commercial solver), enabling fast and accurate designs. The effect of using single or multiple EBG cells on the radiation pattern is discussed. Designs featuring broadside to end fire radiations are addressed. Such variation in radiation is useful in pattern diversity applications. Issues such as reduced mutual coupling and circular polarizations are also presented. Finally, results for three different compact EBG-antenna prototypes are reported in quest for miniaturized integrated systems
Dynamics of commercial real estate asset markets, return volatility and the investment horizon

The term structure of return volatility is estimated for both UK and US direct and securitised commercial real estate, using vector autoregressions. In a similar manner to the general stock market, returns of UK direct real estate and property shares, as well as US real estate investment trust returns, exhibit strong mean reversion. By contrast, US direct real estate returns show a considerable mean aversion effect over short investment horizons. This can be explained by the positive correlation between cash-flow and discount rate news, which can be interpreted as an under-reaction to cash-flow news. When estimating the return volatility of direct real estate markets, long-term investors need not be concerned about the choice of the parameter value used to unsmooth appraisal-based returns, because estimates of long-term volatility are almost unaffected by this choice.
Age and human lenticular fluorescence.

This critical survey of studies on the fluorescence of human eye lenses covers basic problems of metrology and their relation to comparative measurements on extracts, on in vivo, and on in vitro material. Attention is drawn to the effects of lenticular refraction and absorbance, and to potential photic involvement on the part of ambient illumination. The extent to which fluorescence may interfere with vision is also reviewed.
Research and Publishing: Relevance and Irreverence

The value, relevance, and efficacy of conducting and publishing research has been widely debated throughout the agricultural economics profession. On the one hand, some argue that the research process creates little value and directly competes with teaching/outreach output. On the other hand, others argue that research provides answers to important questions, improves human capital, and complements teaching/outreach activities. I argue that the research and publishing process develops human capital, improves the quality of teaching/outreach, reduces bias, generates new ideas, improves societal welfare, creates innovation, and is essential for public policy debate.
Micropower energy scavenging

More than a decade of research in the field of thermal, motion, and vibrational energy scavenging has yielded increasing power output and smaller embodiments. Power management circuits for rectification and DC-DC conversion are becoming able to efficiently convert the power from these energy scavengers. This paper summarizes recent energy scavenging results and their power management circuits.
Automated CAPTCHA Generation from Annotated Images Using Encoder Decoder Architecture

A CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a program that protects websites from bots by generating and grading assessments that humans can pass but current computer programs cannot. CAPTCHAs provide security from bots in applications such as preventing comment spam in blogs, protecting website registrations etc. Recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have led to development of systems which can crack current image based CAPTCHAs with over 90% accuracy. This necessitates the need for new types of image based CAPTCHA which would be plausible for a human to solve it, and, at the same time, pose a challenge for a bot to break the CAPTCHA. To this end, the paper proposes a novel type of image based CAPTCHA where the user is presented with a set of images and a multiple answer based question based on the contents of the image-set. The question generated is such that a human is able to answer the question easily, whereas a bot would have to delve into the intricacies of image recognition, natural language processing on the question and then perform a knowledge correlation with the options to crack the CAPTCHA which is a rather tedious task to achieve. The novelty in the CAPTCHA presented can be expressed in terms of the CAPTCHA type itself as well as the deep learning architecture employed to synthesize the CAPTCHA. The proposed CAPTCHA generation system uses an Encoder Decoder architecture whose basic building block is a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) - a type of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). The proposed system also facilitates a dynamic CAPTCHA generation mechanism eliminating the need to store a mapping between the images and questions.
Tradeoffs in Design of Low-Power Gated-Oscillator Clock and Data Recovery Circuits

This article describes some techniques for implementing low- power clock and data recovery (CDR) circuits based on gated- oscillator (GO) topology for short distance applications. Here, the main tradeoffs in design of a high performance and power-efficient GO CDR are studied and based on that a top-down design methodology is introduced such that the jitter tolerance (JTOL) and frequency tolerance (FTOL) requirements of the system are simultaneously satisfied. A test chip has been implemented in standard digital 0.18 μm CMOS while the proposed CDR circuit consumes only 10.5 mW and occupies 0.045 mm2 silicon area in 2.5 Gbps data bit rate. Measurement results show a good agreement to analyses proofs the capabilities of the proposed approach for implementing low-power GO CDRs.
The significance and performance of French REITs (SIICs) in a mixed‐asset portfolio

Purpose – REITs have taken on increased significance in Europe in recent years, with French REITs (Societe d'Investissement Immobilier Cotee (SIICs)) becoming an important property investment vehicle since 2003. The purpose of this paper is to assess the significance, risk‐adjusted performance and portfolio diversification benefits of SIICs in a mixed‐asset portfolio context in France over 2003‐2012. The impact of the global financial crisis (GFC) on SIICs and their post‐GFC recovery are also assessed.Design/methodology/approach – Using monthly total returns, the risk‐adjusted performance and portfolio diversification benefits of SIICs over 2003‐2012 are assessed, with efficient frontiers and asset allocation diagrams used to assess the role of SIICs in a mixed‐asset portfolio. Sub‐period analyses are conducted to assess the impact of the GFC on SIIC performance, as well as their post‐GFC recovery.Findings – SIICs delivered superior risk‐adjusted returns compared to stocks over 2003‐2012, but with limited.
CS principles professional development: only 9,500 to go!

Our grand challenge is to scale high-quality computer science curriculum and instruction to reach all high school students. CS10K -- an NSF and ACM-sponsored project -- is working to do just that by supporting curriculum development, computer education research and professional development through the Computing Education for the 21st Century (CE21) program at NSF. Professional Development (PD) is a key piece of the project, as we need to train 10,000 teachers to teach rigorous computing courses in 10,000 high schools by 2016 -- the school year that a new Advanced Placement Course will be rolled out. This panel will provide an overview of the PD landscape and then each panelist will discuss the unique aspects of their PD project for high school teachers.
Perspektiven und Grenzen der Verwendung geldpolitischer Regeln

Abstract Monetary policy rules that take the form of interest rate rules are becoming more and more popular and widely-used in research on monetary theory, and some authors even recommend their use in practical monetary policy. This paper systemizes the variety of proposed interest rate rules and draws connections to their theoretical roots. On the basis of new research results the paper also discusses possibilities of using such rules in practice. Due to a variety of problems the scope for practical use remains very limited.
Some characteristics of positive and bipolar lightning flashes recorded on the Säntis tower in 2010 and 2011

We present an analysis of measured current waveforms associated with positive and bipolar flashes recorded on the Säntis tower, Switzerland, from May 2010 till January 2012. The overall number of recorded flashes in the considered period was 201, of which 30 were of positive polarity (effectively transported positive charge to ground) and three were bipolar. The recorded positive flashes were mainly concentrated in the summer months, August being the month during which most of them occurred (6 events in 2010 and 16 events in 2011). The observed positive flashes are characterized by a median peak current of 11.8 kA, and a median flash duration of 80 ms. These values are consistent with those associated with the data recorded at the Gaisberg Tower in Austria. On the other hand, the amount of transferred charge is substantially larger in our dataset, with a median value of 169 C (6 times as large as the values obtained in Monte San Salvatore and in Japan, and 3 times as large as the value obtained in Austria). Eight flashes out of 30 transported positive charge to the ground in excess of 500 C. The obtained results confirm also the findings of Saba et al. according to which positive lightning flashes may combine high peak currents with high charge transfers (or flash durations). The three bipolar flashes recorded during the considered time period occurred during one storm occurred on August 27, 2011. The relative number of bipolar flashes (1.5%) is found to be lower than the values reported in previous studies in Austria and in Switzerland (3 to 6%). On the basis of the classification proposed by Rakov, two of the three observed bipolar flashes belonged to Type 2 and one to Type 3.
Economic analysis of inventory systems

Abstract Traditional inventory analysis is based on undiscounted constant cycle costs. Often it has been argued that incorporating the time value of money will not have a significant effect on the lot size. This paper presents discounted cost analysis of a few inventory models. Effect of discounting rate on the economic order quantity is studied. Alternative discounted profit functions are also given
Cardiac Sarcomas: An Update

Primary cardiac sarcomas are rare and represent 20% of all primary cardiac tumors. Symptoms depend on the chambers and the cardiac structures involved. Transthoracic echocardiography is commonly used to identify a cardiac mass. The diagnosis of cardiac sarcoma requires adequate sampling and the careful use of ancillary diagnostic techniques. In the most recent histologic classification, angiosarcoma is the most common malignant tumor of the heart with recognizable differentiation. Undifferentiated sarcomas account for one-third of all cardiac sarcomas and have been incorporated in the malignant fibrous histiocytoma/pleomorphic sarcoma subgroup. Elective cardiac sarcoma therapy includes complete surgical excision when possible, followed by radio and chemotherapeutic regimen, the latter preferably containing anthracyclines, ifosfamide, or taxanes. Prognosis of cardiac sarcomas is very poor, with mean survival ranging from 9.6 to 16.5 months. A less-aggressive course seems related to the left atrium location, a low histologic grading with scarce cellular pleomorphism and low-mitotic activity, absence of necrosis, myxoid tumor appearance, and absence of metastasis at diagnosis.
Exploring Faculty Insights into Why Undergraduate College Students Leave STEM Fields of Study- A Three-Part Organizational Self-Study.

An institutional self-study at a Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) explored factors thought to impact students’ decisions to persist in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields of study. This self-study is presented as a model first step for Institutions of Higher Education interested in launching efforts to improve STEM education and STEM student success and persistence. A methodology combining qualitative and quantitative analysis approaches was used to examine different aspects of the overarching research question, “Why do undergraduate students leave college STEM fields of study? ” A quantitative review of institutional data was used to identify four particular gaps in student persistence and success in STEM fields of study at Texas State University. An online survey and a focus group guide were developed based on existing but more broadly focused instruments and used to collect faculty insights regarding faculty and student experiences and possible reasons for student attrition in STEM. A review of retention theories was undertaken to better inform the process of generating remedies to the STEM persistence issue. Data were collected and analyzed separately for each component to produce two sets of findings. Findings indicated that there were retention issues in regard to STEM majors in general and underrepresented student groups in particular. Underrepresented students do not pursue STEM degrees percentage wise in comparison to other degrees. The self-study and retention theories suggest the following remedial measures: supporting faculty to transform their teaching, providing supplemental instruction in math and science and including discipline specific introductory courses and early internship experiences.
Determinants of trade with solar energy technology components: evidence on the porter hypothesis?

Studies analysing renewable energy (RE) market development usually investigate electricity capacity or investment. Characteristics, roles and determinants of trade with RE system components remain blurred. Policies are important in promoting RE utilization and innovation. Yet, their effect on determining exports remains ambiguous. The Porter hypothesis and the lead-market literature argue that environmental regulation leads to comparative export advantages. Empirical studies, however, reach diverging conclusions, rarely focus on the RE-sector and use broad proxies of environmental regulation. Focusing on solar energy technology components (SETCs), we believe this is the first study describing structure and development of international trade and estimating the role of RE policies on determining trade flows. We empirically estimate a gravity trade model using Poisson-Pseudo-Maximum-Likelihood (PPML) estimation to test the role of RE policies and trade barriers on SETC exports. We use panel data representing annual bilateral trade flows of 21 OECD countries exporting SETCs to 118 importing countries between 1999 and 2007. We find a rapidly growing market with trade dominated by Europe. The study supports the Porter and the lead-market hypotheses as early adopters of RE policies gained a comparative advantage. Analysing the importer side, the study suggests that regulatory policies and import tariffs determine SETC export flows.