Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
QoS-aware dynamic spectrum resource allocation scheme in C-RAN based dense femtocell networks

Cloud-based radio access network is becoming significant in the future wireless network domain, since it can allow for better interference management and on-demand spectrum resource allocation. On the other hand, dense deployment of femtocell networks is also a growing trend of cellular networks due to the exponential growth of traffic demand. Meanwhile, quality of service is always a general requirement of cellular networks. In this paper, we propose a new QoS-aware on-demand dynamic spectrum resource allocation scheme, considering interference mitigation in dense femtocell networks under C-RAN architecture. The scheme consists of two steps: (1) one fixed sub-band is assigned to each femtocell base station based on interference graph using graph coloring algorithms; (2) more sub-bands are dynamically allocated to each FBS according to its current demand. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms benchmark schemes. In other words, our proposed scheme can guarantee the quality-of-service requirements of more femtocell user equipments and improve spectrum reuse efficiency.
The effect of fire on habitat selection of mammalian herbivores: the role of body size and vegetation characteristics.

Given the role of fire in shaping ecosystems, especially grasslands and savannas, it is important to understand its broader impact on these systems. Post-fire stimulation of plant nutrients is thought to benefit grazing mammals and explain their preference for burned areas. However, fire also reduces vegetation height and increases visibility, thereby potentially reducing predation risk. Consequently, fire may be more beneficial to smaller herbivores, with higher nutritional needs and greater risks of predation. We tested the impacts of burning on different sized herbivores' habitat preference in Serengeti National Park, as mediated by burning's effects on vegetation height, live : dead biomass ratio and leaf nutrients. Burning caused a less than 4 month increase in leaf nitrogen (N), and leaf non-N nutrients [copper (Cu), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg)] and a decrease in vegetation height and live : dead biomass. During this period, total herbivore counts were higher on burned areas. Generally, smaller herbivores preferred burned areas more strongly than larger herbivores. Unfortunately, it was not possible to determine the vegetation characteristics that explained burned area preference for each of the herbivore species observed. However, total herbivore abundance and impala (Aepyceros melampus) preference for burned areas was due to the increases in non-N nutrients caused by burning. These findings suggest that burned area attractiveness to herbivores is mainly driven by changes to forage quality and not potential decreases in predation risk caused by reductions in vegetation height.
Regular Adult Aspirin Use Decreases the Risk of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer among Women

Background: Prior studies indicate that use of aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) is associated with a decreased risk of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, results have been contradictory in part because of variation in study design. Few studies have examined the use of aspirin or other NSAIDs on risk of NSCLC in women. Methods: Through a case-control study of African American and Caucasian women with and without NSCLC, we examined the relationship between use of aspirin, NSAIDs, and acetaminophen and risk of NSCLC. Risk was estimated by calculating odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for ever/never use, duration of use, and duration of use category (never, 1-5 years, >5 years) after adjusting for major risk factors for lung cancer. Risk estimates were stratified by race, age, smoking history, and body mass index. Results: Ever use of adult-strength aspirin was associated with a significant reduction in risk of NSCLC (odds ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.46-0.94). Additionally, there was a significant trend toward a reduced risk of NSCLC in adult-strength aspirin users with increasing duration of use (Ptrend = 0.02). In stratified analyses, aspirin use was associated with a significantly reduced risk of lung cancer among Caucasians and 55- to 64-year-olds. Baby aspirin and NSAID use was associated with a significant reduction in risk of NSCLC only among 65- to 74-year-olds. Conclusion: Our results suggest that long-term use of adult-strength aspirin may reduce the risk of NSCLC in women. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(1):148–57)
Le rôle des comportements informationnels dans la prise de conscience de la situation : usage dans le serious game 3D Virtual Operating Room

L’objectif de cette these de doctorat est d’etudier les mecanismes en jeu dans les comportements informationnels lors de la prise de conscience de la situation afin d’en degager des leviers permettant d’orienter ces comportements. Ces travaux s’inscrivent dans le cadre du developpement du Serious Game 3DVOR, dispositif dedie a la gestion des risques au bloc operatoire. Dans un premier temps, nous avons filme puis analyse 6 situations d’operation chirurgicale sans complication et avons observe les comportements informationnels des operateurs du bloc lors d’une simulation numerique d’un cas complexe de chirurgie. Enfin nous avons elabore un scenario permettant d’interagir avec des partenaires virtuels afin d’observer l’impact de leurs actions sur les strategies informationnelles d’un apprenant. Nous avons analyse les donnees recueillies au regard de la litterature sur la conscience de la situation, particulierement le modele d’Endsley (1995). Nos resultats montrent que les comportements informationnels varient selon l’expertise des operateurs et l’ambiguite de la situation. Les experts adaptent leurs strategies lorsque la situation ne leur est pas familiere et varient leurs sources d’informations pour mettre a jour leur representation de la situation. Enfin, nous avons montre que l’engagement de partenaires, meme virtuels, modifient les strategies de traitement de l’information des apprenants face a un dispositif de formation numerique.
Visual feedback and different frames of reference: the impact on gesture interaction techniques for wearable computing

We present the results of an empirical study investigating the effect of visual feedback and body postures on gesture interaction techniques in a dual task setup found, for example, in wearable computing. The conducted experiment uses a novel apparatus called "Hot Wire" that allows retaining the properties of wearable computing even in laboratory environments. Visual feedback was found to impair user performance and caused users to be caught in an attention demanding closed feedback loop once presented in a head-mounted display. Even though continuous feedback was not necessary for gesture interaction, users were unable to ignore it and remain focused on the primary task. The design of an alternative gesture recognition method using a body-centric frame of reference instead of a conventional static one to improve usability, is shown to have an opposed impact both on the performance and subjective perception of users. The presence of novel devices in gesture interaction, such as data gloves, is found to be a major source of erroneous gesture recognition due to unpredictable user behavior. Our detailed result discussion provides guidelines for designing better gesture interaction.
An extension of the Kalman Filter for a class of measurement models inspired by wide-baseline stereo

We consider the application of the Kalman Filter to systems with a certain type of measurement model. In addition to the state at the current time step, these measurements also depend on the state from one time step earlier. Although such measurement models are not encountered very often, they do appear in some practical control applications in robotic vision. In this paper, we derive a generalized Extended Kalman Filter from a modified form of the basic Bayes filter. The dependence of the measurement model on the previous state is made explicit through the law of total probability, which we include as an additional step in the standard prediction-correction cycle of the Bayes filter. We find that this dependence results in an increase in the measurement noise covariance. We present the mathematical formulation along with the proof of the filter equations. In the end, we demonstrate the filter through a simulation of Monocular SLAM with wide-baseline stereo measurements.
Happiness and depression in the traditionally bullied and cyberbullied 12-year-old

ABSTRACT This study investigated the overall happiness, school-related happiness, and depression of traditionally bullied and cyberbullied 12-year-old Finnish students. Among the more than 700 participants, traditional bullying (26%) was more frequent than cyberbullying (18%). Receiving insulting text messages or being the subject of offensive comments on the Internet were the most common forms of cyberbullying. Often those who were cyberbullied were also victims of traditional bullying (the poly-victimized comprised 11% of all participants). We found no differences between genders in traditional bullying rates, but cyberbullying was more common among girls. Being victimized, in either form, was related to a decrease in all measures of psychological well-being, with the poly-victimized scoring the lowest. In particular, being victimized predicted depression, with the poly-victimized scoring the highest. The results indicate a clear need to intervene in early adolescents’ culture of communicating via electronic devices and especially to identify victims of bullying in both the real and cyberworld.
Adaptive Proactive Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks 01 / 03 / 2007 Yangcheng Huang

Proactive MANET routing protocols tend to provide smaller route discovery latency than ondemand protocols because they maintain route information to all the nodes in the network at all time. However, the downside for such protocols is the excessive routing control overhead that is generated by disseminating periodic HELLO messages and topology control messages. Due to the resource-constrained nature of wireless networks, the routing overhead increases channel contention, leads to network congestions and lowers significantly network performance. In order to mitigate the side effects of the soft update control overheads, we propose two adaptive proactive routing algorithms, namely DT MIAD and DT ODPU. By tuning the value of refresh intervals dynamically and automatically, refresh updates are triggered based on traffic conditions and node mobility. We have shown through simulations that, the proposed adaptive routing algorithm outperforms traditional proactive routing protocols like OLSR. UCL DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
On the contribution of microlensing to X-ray variability of high-redshifted QSOs

We consider a contribution of microlensing to the X-ray variability of high-redshifted QSOs. Such an effect could be caused by stellar mass objects (SMO) located in a bulge or/and in a halo of this quasar as well as at cosmological distances between an observer and a quasar. Here, we not consider microlensing caused by deflectors in our Galaxy since it is well- known from recent MACHO, EROS and OGLE observations that the corresponding optical depth for the Galactic halo and the Galactic bulge is lower than 10 −6 . Cosmologically distributed gravitational microlenses could be localized in galaxies (or even in bulge or halo of gravitational macrolenses) or could be distributed in a uniform way. We have analyzed both cases of such distributions. As a result of our analysis, we obtained that the optical depth for microlensing caused by stellar mass objects is usually small for quasar bulge and quasar halo gravitational microlens distributions (τ ∼ 10 −4 ). On the other hand, the optical depth for gravitational microlensing caused by cosmologically distributed deflectors could be significant and could reach 10 −2 −0. 1a tz ∼ 2. This means that cosmologically distributed deflectors may contribute significantlly to the X-ray variability of high-redshifted QSOs (z > 2). Considering that the upper limit of the optical depth (τ ∼ 0.1) corresponds to the case where dark matter forms cosmologically distributed deflectors, observations of the X-ray variations of unlensed QSOs can be used for the estimation of the dark matter fraction of microlenses.
A Multivariate Model of Immigrant Adaptation *

The longitudinal approach to the study of immigrants has many undoubted advantages, to which Professor Appleyard and others have drawn attention (Appleyard, 1964, 1972). When observations are made and information obtained at each stage of the migratory experience, from the original decision to emigrate onward, the data obtained are more reliable than when the researcher must rely upon retrospection. Furthermore, by following a specific cohort over a period of time, it is possible to measure the direct effect of length of residence without the distortion that arises when the characteristics of different cohorts are
A mobile game for engaging students on the study of the novel “Os Maias”

Data collected from a study carried out in Portugal were analyzed to find habits and game preferences of students of various levels of the educational system. This paper aims to summarize the main conclusions regarding secondary school students. Based on these conclusions we outlined the game that is currently being developed in order to engage students in the study of "Os Maias" from Eça de Queirós.
New Chandra Observations of the Jet in 3C 273. I. Softer X-Ray than Radio Spectra and the X-Ray Emission Mechanism

The jet in 3C 273 is a high-power quasar jet with radio, optical, and X-ray emission, whose size and brightness allow a detailed study of the emission processes acting in it. We present deep Chandra observations of this jet and analyze the spectral properties of the jet emission from radio through X-rays. We find that the X-ray spectra are significantly softer than the radio spectra in all regions of the bright part of the jet, except for the first bright "knot A," ruling out a model in which the X-ray emission from the entire jet arises from beamed inverse Compton scattering of cosmic microwave background photons in a single-zone jet flow. Within two-zone jet models, we find that a synchrotron origin for the jet's X-rays requires fewer additional assumptions than an inverse Compton model, especially if velocity shear leads to efficient particle acceleration in jet flows.
Phase III, randomized trial (CheckMate 057) of nivolumab (NIVO) versus docetaxel (DOC) in advanced non-squamous cell (non-SQ) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

LBA109 Background: Options for advanced non-SQ NSCLC patients (pts) who progress after platinum-based doublet chemotherapy (PT-DC) are limited, with minimal improvement in overall survival (OS). We report results from a randomized, global phase III study of NIVO, a fully human IgG4 programmed death-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, vs DOC in pts with advanced non-SQ NSCLC after failure of PT-DC and tyrosine kinase inhibitor, if eligible. METHODS Pts were randomized to NIVO 3 mg/kg Q2W (n=292) or DOC 75 mg/m2 Q3W (n=290) until progression or discontinuation due to toxicity/other reasons. Primary objective was OS; Secondary objectives were investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR; per RECIST v1.1), progression-free survival (PFS), efficacy by PD-L1 expression, quality of life, and safety. RESULTS NIVO demonstrated superior OS (HR=0.73; 96% CI: 0.59, 0.89; P=0.00155) and improved ORR (19.2% vs 12.4%; P=0.0235). HR for PFS was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.77, 1.11; P=0.393). PD-L1 expression was associated with benefit from NIVO (Table). In PD-L1+ pts, NIVO showed improved efficacy across all endpoints at predefined 1%, 5%, and 10% cut- points. Grade 3-5 drug-related AEs occurred in 10.5% (30/287) of NIVO and 53.7% (144/268) of DOC pts. No deaths were related to NIVO vs 1 DOC-related death. After discontinuation, 42.1% of NIVO and 49.7% of DOC pts received subsequent systemic therapy. CONCLUSIONS NIVO demonstrated superior OS vs DOC in pts with advanced non-SQ NSCLC after failure of PT-DC. The safety profile of NIVO 3 mg/kg Q2W was favorable vs DOC. NIVO demonstrated survival benefit across histologies in two randomized phase III trials. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION NCT01673867. [Table: see text].
An ANN Majority Logic Gate (MLG) using Single Electron Nano-Devices

The Single Electron Nano-Devices (SENDs) are attractive candidates for post-CMOS VLSI era mainly due to its very low power consumption. In this paper, the Linear Threshold Gate (LTG) SEND is reviewed. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Majority Logic Gate (MLG) with 3 inputs (MLG3) is proposed. The MLGs with different inputs (from 3 to 7) are implemented using LTG and SET inverter SENDs. The detailed parameters for all used devices as well as the corresponding SIMON 2.0 simulation results of these MLGs are included.
The Effects of Extremely Violent Comic Books on Social Information Processing

This study investigated the effects of reading extremely violent comic books (EVCB) versus non-violent comic books (NVCB) on the interpretation of overt and relational ambiguous provocation situations. Two hundred forty-nine introductory psychology students read either EVCB or NVCB. After reading the comic books, participants read hypothetical stories in which overt or relational aggression occurred but the intent of the provocateur was ambiguous. After each story, participants were asked a series of questions about the provocateur's intent, potential retaliation toward the provocateur, and the provocateur's emotional state. Trait hostility was significantly related to hostile responding. Regardless of the type of aggression, participants reading EVCB responded more negatively than participants reading NVCB did. Males responded more negatively to the overt scenarios, whereas females responded more negatively to the relational scenarios. Results indicate that interpretation of ambiguous material appears to be affected by a number of variables, including gender, trait hostility, and violent media.
Notice of RetractionResearch on human capital accumulation problems in China

In this paper, we focus on the human accumulation problems in China; In order to realize the rapid development of China's economic we must know the problems exist in China's human capital accumulation. On the basis of previous theories presented in Section 2, the human capital accumulation's effect to China's economic growth and its existing problems are discussed in Section 3 and Section 4. By using literatures, and mathematical or physical statistics, the paper shows that human capital accumulation is a kind of endogenous variable which provided strong material support to China's sustainable development.
Two-Level Result Caching for Web Search Queries on Structured P2P Networks

This paper proposes a two-level caching strategy for Web search queries which is devised to operate on P2P networks. The aim is to significantly reduce query traffic going from a large community of users to commercial search engines by placing between them a P2P caching service capable of storing and efficiently distributing frequent queries among users. The proposed design takes into consideration the highly dynamic nature of user queries both in traffic intensity and drastic shifts in user interest which are both usually driven by unpredictable world-wide events. Each peer maintains a LRU result cache (RCache) used to keep the answers for queries originated in the peer itself and queries for which the peer is responsible for by contacting on-demand a Web search engine to get the query answers. When query traffic is predominantly routed to a few responsible peers our strategy replicates the role of ``being responsible for" to neighboring peers so that they can absorb part of the traffic to restore load balance. This is a fairly slow and adaptive process that we call mid-term load balancing. To achieve a short-term fair distribution of queries we introduce in each peer a location cache (LCache) which keeps pointers to peers that have already requested the same queries in the very recent past. This lets these peers share their query answers with newly requesting peers. This process is fast as these popular queries are usually cached in the first DHT hop of a requesting peer which quickly tends to redistribute load among more and more peers. A comparative study shows that the proposed strategy achieves better load balance, significantly smaller communication volume among peers, and larger cache hit ratios than previous strategies.
Accelerated Rejection of Renal Allografts From Brain-Dead Donors

ObjectiveTo define the potential influences of donor brain death on organs used for transplantation. Summary Background DataDonor brain death causes prompt upregulation of inflammatory mediators on peripheral organs. It is hypothesized that this antigen-independent insult may influence the rate and intensity of host alloresponsiveness after engraftment. MethodsThe rates of survival of unmodified Lew recipients sustained by kidney allografts from brain-dead, normal anesthetized, and anesthetized ventilated F344 donors were compared. Brain death was induced by gradually increasing intracranial pressure under electroencephalographic control. Tracheotomized brain-dead animals and anesthetized controls were mechanically ventilated for 6 hours before transplant nephrectomy. The rate and intensity of the acute rejection event were examined by histology, immunohistology, and reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. ResultsAnimals bearing kidneys from brain-dead donors died of renal failure secondary to acute rejection at a significantly faster rate than those from anesthetized living controls or anesthetized animals ventilated for 6 hours. Within 3 hours after placement and reperfusion of brain-dead donor grafts, significant neutrophil infiltration was observed, followed by increasing numbers of macrophages and T cells. mRNA of proinflammatory mediators detected in kidneys within 6 hours of brain death and upregulated even before transplantation increased thereafter and appeared to accelerate and amplify host alloresponsiveness, as manifested by the rapid expression of chemokines, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and major histocompatibility complex class II antigens in the engrafted organ. The process evolved in the controls less intensely and at a slower rate. ConclusionsDonor brain death is a significant risk factor for peripheral organs used for transplantation. The activated state of such organs appears to trigger host immune mechanisms that accelerate the process of acute rejection. The effects of this central injury may explain in part the less satisfactory performance of cadaver organs in human transplantation compared with those from living sources.