Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrated Financial Management Information System Implementation on Financial Performance in Trans Nzoia County, Kenya

Public Finance Management Systems are generally used in the management of finance in the public sector. Although government is not necessarily a profit-making enterprise, sound financial performance is crucial to ensure the right services are rendered to the citizens as is required. Contextual investigations of progressively effective nations demonstrate that variables supporting fruitful execution of financial performance goals emanate from the significant specialists to budgetary change goals. The general objectives of this study was to assess the impact of integrated financial management information system implementation on financial performance in Trans Nzoia county, Kenya The specific objectives were; to establish the effect of IFMIS implementation on financial performance in Trans Nzoia County, to examine the benefits realised from IFMIS implementation on financial performance in Trans Nzoia County, to determine the challenges faced in the IFMIS implementation on financial performance in Trans Nzoia County and to investigate the level of awareness and satisfaction of the public about the IFMIS Implementation on financial performance in Trans Nzoia County. The study is anchored on technology acceptance Model, theory of budgeting and cost reduction theory. Data was examined by descriptive statistics such as mean, mode and median. The study also used inferential statistics such as regression and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The results were statistically presented in forms of frequency distribution tables, charts and bar graphs. The SPSS (version 17) computer software was employed for analyzing data. The study found IFMIS to a great extent, is applied in Trans Nzoia County and there is huge enhancement for duty control and decreased change between spending arrangement and discharges. The greater part of the destinations of IFMIS have been accomplished including upgrading straightforwardness and responsibility, improving public use the executives, encouraging monetary control and limiting dangers. It was uncovered that, through IFMIS, Trans Nzoia County has had the option to build up useful institutional courses of action, create legitimate and administrative system, guarantee rivalry in offering and bolster inward control and responsibility control. The study concluded that there is in this way need to have limit assembling and improved terms of administration for public officials. The utilization of universal measures and strategies in macroeconomic examination, planning, bookkeeping, obtainment, and review requires talented staff that can apply new techniques in proficient way. Presentation of IFMIS and other mechanized framework requires explicit aptitudes and preparing for public officials.
circulating VegF as a biomarker for diagnosis of ovarian cancer: a systematic review and a meta-analysis

: VEGF is a frequently studied angiogenic factor in ovarian cancer (OC), and is considered to have an important role in the progression of OC. However, its diagnostic value has not been widely accepted because the conclusions are inconsistent and even conflicting. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of VEGF in OC. A systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WANFANG databases for relevant published articles (the last search update was November 18, 2014). The diagnosis sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and the summary receiver operating characteristic curves were pooled by Meta DiSc 1.4 software. A total of ten studies with 1,131 subjects were finally included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and summary receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.67 (0.63–0.73), 0.78 (0.75–0.81), 3.08 (6.36–12.22), 0.39 (0.29–0.51), 9.10 (5.43–45.25), and 0.8175, respectively. Furthermore, to explore the sources of heterogeneity, we conducted subgroup analyses based on ethnicity and sample size. The diagnostic accuracy of VEGF was higher in an Asian population than in a Caucasian population. A similar finding was found in subgroups with the smaller sample size (  100 subjects). In conclusion, the present meta-analysis suggests that VEGF has moderate diagnostic accuracy for OC. Considering our limitations and the heterogeneity among our selected studies, larger, well-designed prospective and multicenter validation studies are needed to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum VEGF for
Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction for Single Carrier- Frequency Division Multiple Access using Repeated Clipping and Filtering

: A single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), is a technique that has a similar performance and essentially the same overall complexity as those of orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). The main advantage of SC-FDMA over OFDMA is its lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). In this paper, an enhancement of a SC-FDMA by decreasing the PAPR is addressed. An efficient repeated clipping and filtering (RCF) algorithm is applied to a SC-FDMA system, which results in a significant PAPR reduction. System performance remains the same after applying the RCF algorithm. Simulations show the proposed scheme provides a bit error as that of the conventional system. That is, due to the selection of the optimum clipping ratio (CR). For more accurate validation, simulations of the conventional system and the proposed system have been performed using different types of channels. The proposed scheme provides a PAPR reduction by a gain of approximately 4 dB with a slight increase of complexity.
Liquidity vs. Wealth in Household Debt Obligations: Evidence from Housing Policy in the Great Recession

We use variation in mortgage modifications to disentangle the impact of reducing long-term obligations with no change in short-term payments (“wealth”), and reducing short-term payments with approximately no change in long-term obligations (“liquidity”). Using regression discontinuity and difference-in-differences research designs with administrative data measuring default and consumption, we find that principal reductions that increase housing wealth without affecting liquidity have no effect, while maturity extensions that increase only liquidity have large effects. Our results suggest that liquidity drives borrower default and consumption decisions, and that distressed debt restructurings can be redesigned with substantial gains to borrowers, lenders, and taxpayers.
Nanoinformatics : developing new computing applications for nanomedicine

Nanoinformatics has recently emerged to address the need of computing applications at the nano level. In this regard, the authors have participated in various initiatives to identify its concepts, foundations and challenges. While nanomaterials open up the possibility for developing new devices in many industrial and scientific areas, they also offer breakthrough perspectives for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this paper, we analyze the different aspects of nanoinformatics and suggest five research topics to help catalyze new research and development in the area, particularly focused on nanomedicine. We also encompass the use of informatics to further the biological and clinical applications of basic research in nanoscience and nanotechnology, and the related concept of an extended "nanotype" to coalesce information related to nanoparticles. We suggest how nanoinformatics could accelerate developments in nanomedicine, similarly to what happened with the Human Genome and other -omics projects, on issues like exchanging modeling and simulation methods and tools, linking toxicity information to [. ] MAOJO, V, et al. Nanoinformatics: developing new computing applications for nanomedicine. Computing in Science & Engineering, 2012, vol. 94, no. 6, p. 521-539 DOI : 10.1007/s00607-012-0191-2
Can Shift : Dynamically Adjusting Word Representations Using Nonverbal Behaviours

Humans convey their intentions through the usage of both verbal and nonverbal behaviors during face-to-face communication. Alongside speaker intentions, this form of communication also reveals the sentiment and emotional state of the speaker, as vocal patterns and facial expressions are associated with different sentiment polarities and emotions. Studying these multimodal signals is a new challenge to the field of natural language processing. In this paper, we model the nonverbal aspects of human communication as a shift of its verbal representation. We assume that the intent of words during communication shifts depending on the accompanying nonverbal behaviors. Based on the magnitude and direction of this nonverbal shift vector, the word representation is translated into a different point in the representation space. These shift vectors are learned using a hierarchical recurrent neural network called the Recurrent Attended Variation Embedding Network (RAVEN). By modeling nonverbal behaviors as variations of language representations, RAVEN achieves competitive performance on two publicly available datasets for multimodal sentiment analysis and emotion recognition.
Do Wealth Fluctuations Generate Time-Varying Risk Aversion ? Micro-Evidence on Individuals Asset Allocation

We use data from the PSID to investigate how householdsportfolio allocations change in response to wealth uctuations. Persistent habits, consumption commitments, and subsistence levels can generate time-varying risk aversion with the consequence that when the level of liquid wealth changes, the proportion a household invests in risky assets should also change in the same direction. In contrast, our analysis shows that the share of liquid assets that households invest in risky assets is not a¤ected by wealth changes. Instead, one of the major drivers of householdsportfolio allocation seems to be inertia: households rebalance only very slowly following inows and outows or capital gains and losses. We thank John Campbell, Darrell Du¢ e, Francisco Gomes, Joy Ishii, Frank de Jong, Christian Julliard, Martin Lettau, Chris Malloy, Filippos Papakonstantinou, Jonathan Parker, Jacob Sagi, Ken Singleton, Ilya Strebulaev, Annette Vissing-Jorgensen, Yihong Xia, Motohiro Yogo, and seminar participants at the CEPR Meetings in Gerzensee, the Five-Star Conference at NYU, HECER Helsinki, Humboldt University Berlin, IAEEG Trier, London School of Economics, the Stanford-Berkeley joint nance seminar, and UC Irvine for useful comments. yDepartment of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1021, e-mail: markus@princeton.edu, http://www.princeton.edu/~markus zStanford University, Graduate School of Business, 518 Memorial Way, Stanford, CA 94305, e-mail: Nagel_Stefan@gsb.stanford. edu, http://faculty-gsb.stanford. edu/nagel
The average temperature of the earth

Global climate change is a major concern. It is based on the scientific community's statement that human activities are the cause of a present and future global warming. But can we really define the average temperature of the planet and, if so, measure it? Can we really achieve an accuracy of a few tenths of a degree when we give the warming trends of the last century or when the international community set a target of limiting warming to only 2°C or even 1.5°C? Here we address the question of methodologies for determining the average temperature at the Earth's surface, the accuracy of current reconstructions, and the questions of the observation and causes of its recent evolution.
Združevanje bibliografskih zapisov v COBISS+: začetek novih katalogov v sistemih COBISS

IzvlečekSkupaj z zasnovo COBISS+ smo želeli začeti postopek prestrukturiranja katalogov v sistemu COBISS po modelu FZBZ, vendar smo se po daljši analizi sedanjih odnosov med zapisi v katalogu in katalogizacijskih pravil omejili na tri odnose; to so prevodi, revizije in reprodukcije. Po njih smo oblikovali skupke bibliografskih zapisov (angl. cluster) in jih poimenovali »Vse izdaje in prevodi«. Pri konceptualizaciji skupkov smo imeli več težav. Prva dilema se je pojavila pri obravnavanju intelektualnih in umetniških stvaritev, ki so samostojni deli v okviru širših celot, in istih stvaritev, ki so celota zase. Glede na velikost katalogov ter na obseg domače založniške produkcije smo se odločili, da samostojne dele širših celot obravnavamo enako kot celote. Druga dilema je bila povezana z določanjem dela. V bibliografskih zapisih, ki so zgrajeni po principih opisne katalogizacije, namreč ni dovolj podatkov, ki bi omogočali zanesljivo identifikacijo istih intelektualnih ali umetniških stvaritev oziroma jasno ločitev dela od dela. Zato smo za združevanje zapisov za posamezne vrste virov pripravili celo vrsto različnih algoritmov. Uporaba teh algoritmov nam je omogočila povezovanje dejanske strukture bibliografskih zapisov z našo okvirno shemo, za katero predvidevamo, da bo zanimiva za uporabnike.Analiza skupkov »Vse izdaje in prevodi« bo prispevala k izboljšanju algoritmov, s katerimi identificiramo bibliografske odnose v katalogih. Nadaljnji razvoj strukturiranega kataloga COBISS+ vidimo v prehodu na sodobna katalogizacijska pravila, ki upoštevajo konceptualni model FZBZ oziroma Iflin knjižnični referenčni model (angl. IFLA Library Reference Model ali IFLA LRM). V tem vidimo prostor za prestrukturiranje sedanjih zapisov v zahtevnem postopku določanja entitet in odnosov med njimi, na katerih želimo utemeljiti strukturirane kataloge COBISS v prihodnosti.
Acari (Mite) Abundance And Diversity In Soil And Litter Layers Of Eucalyptus Globulus Labill (Tasmanian bluegum) Plantations In Southwest Western Australia

With the increased planting of E. globulus monoculture plantations, concerns surround the impact these mass plantings will have on the soil environment and wider ecosystem. Soil and litter mites are the dominant saprophages of terrestrial ecosystems, contributing to decomposition processes through their comminution and grazing activities. Despite the importance of mites to decomposition processes, there have been no investigations to date of the litter and soil communities under these plantations within Australia. This study investigated the impact of Eucalyptus globulus subsp. globulus (Tasmanian blue gum) monoculture plantations on the diversity and abundance of the soil and litter acarine (mite) fauna. Mite communities under three 8 year-old E. globulus plantations sited on reclaimed pastureland were compared with an adjacent native E. marginata (jarrah) forest and a grazed pasture in the mediterranean-type region of southwest Western Australia. Sites were sampled in spring 1997 and new sites randomly selected in autumn 1998. Large seasonal variations in abundance and diversity were found between the sampling periods of spring 1997 and autumn 1998, influenced considerably by soil moisture. Species richness was consistently higher in both the soil and litter layers under native jarrah forest, with the E. globulus plantations intermediate in species richness between the native forest and grazed pasture. A total of 114 mite species/morphospecies was recognized; 16 Mesostigmata, 52 Prostigmata, 45 Oribatida (Cryptostigmata) and 1 Astigmata. Species diversity in the surface litter was higher under the native forest, reflecting the greater iii heterogeneity of the litter. Diversity in the underlying soil was similar for the native forest and E. globulus plantation, although there were considerable differences in species richness. Soil diversity in the pasture was very poor in comparison to the two forest systems, reflecting the absence of a litter layer and reduced niche dimensions. The monospecific E. globulus litter possibly reduced niche variety by simplifying the physical habitat and reducing the variety of resources available for the saprophagous fauna, of which the oribatid mites are a major component. Consequently, the number of families represented in the microphytophagous, phytophagous and predator functional groups under the E. globulus plantation may have been reduced. The most common oribatid families under the plantation were those often reported from disturbed habitats, Oppiidae and Tectocepheidae, and those common in many habitats, Oppiinae and Oppiellinae. An important management implication arising from this study is that these plantations would harbour a more diverse mite fauna if planted as a mixed tree stratum.
On the contributions to statistical physics of Giorgio Parisi, Nobel Prize winner 2021

Three Laureates share the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics for their studies of complex phenomena. Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann laid the foundation of our knowledge of Earth’s climate and how humanity influences it. The third laureate, Giorgio Parisi is rewarded for his revolutionary contributions to the theory of disordered and random phenomena. In this article the authors Roberto Benzi and Uriel Frisch, close collaborators and friends of Giorgio Parisi, offer their vision of two of his major contributions, in which they have been respectively involved. Roberto Benzi explains the contribution of Parisi and collaborators to the conceptual understanding of the transitions from temperate to ice age climates. Uriel Frisch discuss one of the oldest unsolved problem in science, concerning the dynamics of turbulence and its proliferation of "fractals". The contributions of the two other laureates are presented in another article under the heading ‘climate’.
Supplementary Material for Improving Visual Representation Learning through Perceptual Understanding

The encoder model architecture follows closely that of the MAE paper [1]. The full configuration of the model and pre-training settings are shown in Table 1. For the ViT-B encoder, the width is set to 768 dimensions and comprises 12 layers each with 12 self-attention heads. For the ViTL encoder, the width is 1024 dimensions and comprises 24 layers each with 16 self-attention heads. The decoder comprises in both cases 8 layers each with 16 self-attention heads and a width of 512 dimensions. A.2. Fine-tuning
Bayesian online change point detection with Hilbert space approximate Student-t process

In this paper, we introduce a variant of Bayesian online change point detection with a reduced-rank Student-t process (TP) and dependent Student-t noise, as a nonparametric time series model. Our method builds and improves upon the state-of-the-art Gaussian process (GP) change point model benchmark of Saatc¸i et al. (2010). The Student-t process generalizes the concept of a GP and hence yields a more flexible alternative. Additionally, unlike a GP, the predictive variance explicitly depends on the training observations, while the use of an entan-gled Student-t noise model preserves analytical tractability. Our approach also uses a Hilbert space reduced-rank representation of the TP kernel, derived from an eigenfunction expansion of the Laplace operator (Solin & S ¨ arkk ¨ a, 2020), to alleviate its computational complexity. Improvements in prediction and training time are demonstrated with real-world data sets.
Investigating the Effectiveness of EVC and PCC as Community-Centered Centrality Measures

As online social networks continue to become an ever pervasive part of the human social experience, the value of their study also increases. Of particular interest is the ability to determine important, or central, nodes in a network. Current measures of centrality, such as Eigenvector Centrality (EVC) and Principal Component Centrality (PCC), take into account a nodes “connectedness” but do not explicitly consider the diversity of resources available to it: its social capital. It is our goal to investigate the usefulness of EVC and PCC as a community centrality measure and eventually develop a new centrality measure if needed.
Ultrastructural mitochondria changes in perihematomal brain and neuroprotective effects of huperzine a after acute intracerebral hemorrhage

Aim: The purpose of the study was to observe the ultrastructural changes of neuronal mitochondria in perihematomal brain tissue and assess the therapeutic potential of Huperzine A (HA, a mitochondrial protector) following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods: Brain hemorrhage was induced in adult Sprague Dawley rats by injecting autologous blood into the striatum and then removing the brains 3, 6, 12, 24, or 48 hours later to analyze mitochondrial ultrastructure in a blinded manner. Parallel groups of ICH rats were treated with HA or saline immediately after ICH. Perihematomal apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), caspase-3 activation and cytochrome C translocation were tracked by immunoblots, and neurobehavioral test results were compared between the groups. Results: Mitochondria in perihematomal neurons demonstrated dramatic changes including mitochondrial swelling, intracristal dilation, and decreased matrix density. HA treatment decreased mitochondrial injury and apoptosis, inhibited caspase-3 activation and cytochrome C translocation, and improved behavioral recovery. Conclusion: These data show that ICH induces dramatic mitochondrial damage, and HA exhibits protective effects possibly through ameliorating mitochondrial injury and apoptosis. Collectively, these findings suggest a new direction for novel therapeutics.
DeepGD3: Unknown-Aware Deep Generative/Discriminative Hybrid Defect Detector for PCB Soldering Inspection

We present a novel approach for detecting soldering defects in Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) composed mainly of Surface Mount Technology (SMT) components, using advanced computer vision and deep learning techniques. The main challenge addressed is the detection of soldering defects in new components for which only samples of good sol-dering are available at the model training phase. To address this, we design a system composed of generative and discriminative models to leverage the knowledge gained from the soldering samples of old components to detect the soldering defects of new components. To meet industrial quality standards, we keep the leakage rate (i.e., miss detection rate) low by making the system "unknown-aware" with a low unknown rate. We evaluated the method on a real-world dataset from an electronics company. It signiﬁcantly reduces the leakage rate from 1.827% ± 3.063% and 1.942% ± 1.337% to 0.063% ± 0.075% with an unknown rate of 3.706% ± 2.270% compared to the discriminative and generative approaches, respectively.