Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical study of underwater explosion shock wave based on AUTODYN

For improving the precision of the numerical simulation of underwater shock wave,some parameters which may affect the simulation,such as equation of state(EOS)and element density,were studied based on numerical simulation with AUTODYN program and experiment in a small pool.The simulation results show that a high element density is needed to get a good accuracy both in pressure and impulse simulation,and we also find that the equation of state also has an effect on the simulation result,the study shows that SHOCK EOS of water is better than polynomial EOS in the simulation of pressure in far field.Finally,based on the above study results,we simulate the propagation of shock wave in small experiment pool with a high element density,and a SHOCK EOS of water.Both the numerical peak value and numerical decaying course of pressure are consistent with the experiment data,which show that AUTODYN have a capable in simulating the shock wave.
Vehicle classification in WAMI imagery using deep network

Humans have always had a keen interest in understanding activities and the surrounding environment for mobility, communication, and survival. Thanks to recent progress in photography and breakthroughs in aviation, we are now able to capture tens of megapixels of ground imagery, namely Wide Area Motion Imagery (WAMI), at multiple frames per second from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). WAMI serves as a great source for many applications, including security, urban planning and route planning. These applications require fast and accurate image understanding which is time consuming for humans, due to the large data volume and city-scale area coverage. Therefore, automatic processing and understanding of WAMI imagery has been gaining attention in both industry and the research community. This paper focuses on an essential step in WAMI imagery analysis, namely vehicle classiﬁcation. That is, deciding whether a certain image patch contains a vehicle or not. We collect a set of positive and negative sample image patches, for training and testing the detector. Positive samples are 64 × 64 image patches centered on annotated vehicles. We generate two sets of negative images. The ﬁrst set is generated from positive images with some location shift. The second set of negative patches is generated from randomly sampled patches. We also discard those patches if a vehicle accidentally locates at the center. Both positive and negative samples are randomly divided into 9000 training images and 3000 testing images. We propose to train a deep convolution network for classifying these patches. The classiﬁer is based on a pre-trained AlexNet Model in the Caﬀe library, with an adapted loss function for vehicle classiﬁcation. The performance of our classiﬁer is compared to several traditional image classiﬁer methods using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) features. While the SVM+HOG method achieves an accuracy of 91.2%, the accuracy of our deep network-based classiﬁer reaches 97.9%.
Daughter cells inherit YAP localization from mother cells in early preimplantation embryos

The first stage of cell differentiation during mouse development is the differentiation into the trophectoderm and inner cell mass, which occurs during the 8–32‐cell stages of preimplantation embryos. This differentiation is regulated by the Hippo signaling pathway. At the 32‐cell stage, embryos establish a position‐dependent distribution of the Hippo pathway coactivator, Yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP, encoded by Yap1). The outer and inner cells showed nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of YAP, respectively. However, the process by which embryos establish position‐dependent YAP localization remains elusive. Here, we established a YAP‐reporter mouse line, Yap1mScarlet, and examined YAP–mScarlet protein dynamics during the 8–32‐cell stages using live imaging. During mitosis, YAP–mScarlet diffused throughout the cells. YAP–mScarlet dynamics in daughter cells varied depending on the cell division patterns. YAP–mScarlet localization in daughter cells at the completion of cell division coincided with that in mother cells. Experimental manipulation of YAP–mScarlet localization in mother cells also altered its localization in daughter cells upon completion of cell division. In daughter cells, YAP–mScarlet localization gradually changed to the final pattern. In some divisions during the 8–16‐cell stages, the cytoplasmic YAP–mScarlet localization preceded cell internalization. These results suggest that cell position is not a primary determinant of YAP localization and that the Hippo signaling status of the mother cell is inherited by the daughter cells, which likely contributes to the stabilization of the cell fate specification process beyond cell division.
Exploring a case for education about sexual and gender minorities in postgraduate emergency medicine training: forming recommendations for change

ABSTRACT Social medicine and health advocacy curricula are known to be uncommon in postgraduate medical education. As justice movements work to unveil the systemic barriers experienced by sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations, it is imperative that the emergency medicine (EM) community progress in its efforts to provide equitable, accessible, and competent care for these vulnerable groups. Given the paucity of literature on this subject in the context of EM in Canada, this commentary borrows evidence from other specialties across North America. Trainees across specialties and of all stages are caring for an increasing number of SGM patients. Lack of education at all levels of training is identified as a significant barrier to adequately caring for these populations, thereby precipitating significant health disparities. Cultural competency is often mistakenly attributed to a willingness to treat rather than the provision of quality care. However, positive attitudes do not necessarily correlate with trainee knowledge. Barriers to creating and implementing culturally competent curricula are plentiful, yet facilitating policies and resources are rare. While international bodies continuously publish position statements and calls to action, concrete change is seldom made. The scarcity of SGM curricula can be attributed to the universal absence of formal acknowledgment of SGM health as a required competency by accreditation boards and professional membership associations. This commentary synthesizes hand-picked literature in an attempt to inform healthcare professionals on their journey toward developing culturally competent postgraduate medical education. By thematically organizing evidence into a stepwise approach, the goal of this article is to borrow ideas across medical and surgical specialties to inform the creation of recommendations and make a case for an SGM curriculum for EM programs in Canada.
Production of Humanized Mice through Stem Cell Transfer

The development of “humanized” mice has become a prominent tool for translational animal studies of human diseases. Immunodeficient mice can be humanized by injections of human umbilical cord stem cells. The engraftment of these cells and their development into human lymphocytes has been made possible by the development of novel severely immunodeficient mouse strains. Proven protocols for the generation and analysis of humanized mice in the NSG mouse background are presented here. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Adaptive Harris Corner Detection Algorithm

This paper analyzes the theory of Harris operator,and points out its disadvantage.It proposes an auto-adaptive Harris operator based on the ideology of image break and neighboring point eliminating method.It makes the corners are well-proportioned distributing,and avoids too many corners stay together effectively.Experimental results show that the algorithm can detect corner more reasonable,and can be used in image mosaics well.
Effect of throat contouring on two-dimensional converging-diverging nozzles using URS method

Numerical calculations have been conducted to study the noule internal-performance effect of throat contouring, the result of increasing the circular-arc throat radius. Five nonaxisymmetric converging-diverging nozzles at design conditions were calculated by solving the threedimensional Navier-Stokes equations using Upwind Relaxation-Sweeping(URS) algorithm. Throat contouring resulted in a positive effect on discharge coefficient but showed no significant improvement in internal thrust ratio . All the computational results have been compared with the experiments and they are generally in good agreement.
Long-term follow-up of methimazole-associated insulin autoimmune syndrome: a rare case report

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a rare cause of hypoglycemia and is characterized by the presence of insulin autoantibodies and fasting or late postprandial hypoglycemia. The number of reports on the association of long-term follow-up of IAS in China is limited. We herein report a case of drug-induced IAS in a 44-year-old Chinese woman. She had been taking methimazole for Graves’ disease and had subsequently presented with recurrent hypoglycemic episodes. Laboratory assessments on admission revealed that her serum insulin level was significantly elevated (>1000 µIU/mL) and that she was positive for serum insulin autoantibody, leading to a diagnosis of IAS. Human leukocyte antigen DNA typing identified *04:06/*09:01:02, an immunogenetic determinant associated with IAS. After treatment with prednisone for 2 months, the hypoglycemic episodes disappeared, her serum insulin level gradually declined, and her insulin antibody levels became negative. Clinicians should be aware of the potential for methimazole to trigger autoimmune hypoglycemia in people with a genetic predisposition.
A Review of Reagents for Fluorescence Microscopy of Cellular Compartments and Structures, Part II: Reagents for Non‐Vesicular Organelles

A wide range of fluorescent dyes and reagents exist for labeling organelles in live and fixed cells. Choosing between them can lead to confusion, and optimization for many of them can be challenging. Presented here is a discussion on the commercially available reagents that have shown the most promise for each organelle of interest, including endoplasmic reticulum/nuclear membrane, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, nucleoli, and nuclei, with an emphasis on localization of these structures for microscopy. Included is a featured reagent for each structure with a recommended protocol, troubleshooting guide, and example image. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Association of blood pressure measurements in sitting, supine, and standing positions with the 10-year risk of mortality in Korean adults

OBJECTIVES This prospective cohort study investigated the association between blood pressure (BP) as measured in different body postures and all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality risk. METHODS This population-based investigation included 8,901 Korean adults in 2001 and 2002. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured sequentially in the sitting, supine, and standing positions and classified into 4 categories: (1) normal, SBP <120 mmHg and DBP <80 mmHg; (2) high normal/prehypertension, SBP 120-129 mmHg and DBP <80 mmHg/SBP 130-139 mmHg or DBP 80-89 mmHg; (3) grade 1 hypertension (HTN), with SBP 140-159 mmHg or DBP 90-99 mmHg; and (4) grade 2 HTN, SBP ≥160 mmHg or DBP ≥100 mmHg. The date and cause of individual deaths were confirmed in the death record data compiled until 2013. Data were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression. RESULTS Significant associations were found between the BP categories and all-cause mortality, but only when BPs were measured in the supine position. The multivariate hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals, [CIs]) were 1.36 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.75) and 1.59 (95% CI, 1.06 to 2.39) for grade 1 HTN and grade 2 HTN, respectively, compared with the normal category. The associations between the BP categories and CV mortality were significant regardless of body posture among participants ≥65 years, whereas they were significant for supine BP measurements only in those <65 years. CONCLUSIONS BP measured in the supine position predicted all-cause mortality and CV mortality better than BP measured in other postures.
Exploring the Core Bacteria and Functional Traits in Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) Rhizosphere

The rhizosphere microbiome has been identified as a fundamental factor in maintaining plant health, helping plants to fight the deleterious effects of diseases and abiotic stresses. However, to date, studies on the nut tree microbiome have been scarce. ABSTRACT Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) and Chinese hickory (Carya cathayensis) are important commercially cultivated nut trees. They are phylogenetically closely related plants; however, they exhibit significantly different phenotypes in response to abiotic stress and development. The rhizosphere selects core microorganisms from bulk soil, playing a pivotal role in the plant’s resistance to abiotic stress and growth. In this study, we used metagenomic sequencing to compare the selection capabilities of seedling pecan and seedling hickory at taxonomic and functional levels in bulk soil and the rhizosphere. We observed that pecan has a stronger capacity to enrich rhizosphere plant-beneficial microbe bacteria (e.g., Rhizobium, Novosphingobium, Variovorax, Sphingobium, and Sphingomonas) and their associated functional traits than hickory. We also noted that the ABC transporters (e.g., monosaccharide transporter) and bacterial secretion systems (e.g., type IV secretion system) are the core functional traits of pecan rhizosphere bacteria. Rhizobium and Novosphingobium are the main contributors to the core functional traits. These results suggest that monosaccharides may help Rhizobium to efficiently enrich this niche. Novosphingobium may use a type IV secretion system to interact with other bacteria and thereby influence the assembly of pecan rhizosphere microbiomes. Our data provide valuable information to guide core microbial isolation and expand our knowledge of the assembly mechanisms of plant rhizosphere microbes. IMPORTANCE The rhizosphere microbiome has been identified as a fundamental factor in maintaining plant health, helping plants to fight the deleterious effects of diseases and abiotic stresses. However, to date, studies on the nut tree microbiome have been scarce. Here, we observed a significant “rhizosphere effect” on the seedling pecan. We furthermore demonstrated the core rhizosphere microbiome and function in the seedling pecan. Moreover, we deduced possible factors that help the core bacteria, such as Rhizobium, to efficiently enrich the pecan rhizosphere and the importance of the type IV system for the assembly of pecan rhizosphere bacterial communities. Our findings provide information for understanding the mechanism of the rhizosphere microbial community enrichment process.
A speech-based prognostic model for dysarthria progression in ALS

Abstract Objective We demonstrated that it was possible to predict ALS patients’ degree of future speech impairment based on past data. We used longitudinal data from two ALS studies where participants recorded their speech on a daily or weekly basis and provided ALSFRS-R speech subscores on a weekly or quarterly basis (quarter-annually). Methods Using their speech recordings, we measured articulatory precision (a measure of the crispness of pronunciation) using an algorithm that analyzed the acoustic signal of each phoneme in the words produced. First, we established the analytical and clinical validity of the measure of articulatory precision, showing that the measure correlated with perceptual ratings of articulatory precision (r = .9). Second, using articulatory precision from speech samples from each participant collected over a 45–90 day model calibration period, we showed it was possible to predict articulatory precision 30–90 days after the last day of the model calibration period. Finally, we showed that the predicted articulatory precision scores mapped onto ALSFRS-R speech subscores. Results The mean absolute error was as low as 4% for articulatory precision and 14% for ALSFRS-R speech subscores relative to the total range of their respective scales. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that a subject-specific prognostic model for speech predicts future articulatory precision and ALSFRS-R speech values accurately.
Improving an Electronic Health Record–Based Clinical Prediction Model Under Label Deficiency: Network-Based Generative Adversarial Semisupervised Approach

Background Observational biomedical studies facilitate a new strategy for large-scale electronic health record (EHR) utilization to support precision medicine. However, data label inaccessibility is an increasingly important issue in clinical prediction, despite the use of synthetic and semisupervised learning from data. Little research has aimed to uncover the underlying graphical structure of EHRs. Objective A network-based generative adversarial semisupervised method is proposed. The objective is to train clinical prediction models on label-deficient EHRs to achieve comparable learning performance to supervised methods. Methods Three public data sets and one colorectal cancer data set gathered from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University were selected as benchmarks. The proposed models were trained on 5% to 25% labeled data and evaluated on classification metrics against conventional semisupervised and supervised methods. The data quality, model security, and memory scalability were also evaluated. Results The proposed method for semisupervised classification outperforms related semisupervised methods under the same setup, with the average area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) reaching 0.945, 0.673, 0.611, and 0.588 for the four data sets, respectively, followed by graph-based semisupervised learning (0.450, 0.454, 0.425, and 0.5676, respectively) and label propagation (0.475,0.344, 0.440, and 0.477, respectively). The average classification AUCs with 10% labeled data were 0.929, 0.719, 0.652, and 0.650, respectively, comparable to that of the supervised learning methods logistic regression (0.601, 0.670, 0.731, and 0.710, respectively), support vector machines (0.733, 0.720, 0.720, and 0.721, respectively), and random forests (0.982, 0.750, 0.758, and 0.740, respectively). The concerns regarding the secondary use of data and data security are alleviated by realistic data synthesis and robust privacy preservation. Conclusions Training clinical prediction models on label-deficient EHRs is indispensable in data-driven research. The proposed method has great potential to exploit the intrinsic structure of EHRs and achieve comparable learning performance to supervised methods.
Establishment of a prognostic model to predict chemotherapy response and identification of RAC3 as a chemotherapeutic target in bladder cancer

Cisplatin‐based chemotherapy is considered the primary treatment option for patients with advanced bladder cancer (BCa). However, the objective response rate to chemotherapy is often unsatisfactory, leading to a poor 5‐year survival rate. Furthermore, current strategies for evaluating chemotherapy response and prognosis are limited and inefficient. In this study, we aimed to address these challenges by establishing a chemotherapy response type gene (CRTG) signature consisting of 9 genes and verified the prognostic value of this signature using TCGA and GEO BCa cohorts. The risk scores based on the CRTG signature were found to be associated with advanced clinicopathological status and demonstrated favorable predictive power for chemotherapy response in the TCGA cohort. Meanwhile, tumors with high risk scores exhibited a tendency toward a “cold tumor” phenotype. These tumors showed a low abundance of T cells, CD8+ T cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes, along with a high abundance of cancer‐associated fibroblasts. Moreover, they displayed higher mRNA levels of these immune checkpoints: CD200, CD276, CD44, NRP1, PDCD1LG2 (PD‐L2), and TNFSF9. Furthermore, we developed a nomogram that integrated the CRTG signature with clinicopathologic risk factors. This nomogram proved to be a more effective tool for predicting the prognosis of BCa patients. Additionally, we identified Rac family small GTPase 3 (RAC3) as a biomarker in our model. RAC3 was found to be overexpressed in chemoresistant BCa tissues and enhance the chemotherapeutic resistance of BCa cells in vitro and in vivo by regulating the PAK1‐ERK1/2 pathway. In conclusion, our study presents a novel CRTG model for predicting chemotherapy response and prognosis in BCa. We also highlight the potential of combining chemotherapy with immunotherapy as a promising strategy for chemoresistant BCa and that RAC3 might be a latent target for therapeutic intervention.
Moving Targets Detection Using Codebook

Moving target detection is one of the critical issues in video surveillance.Background subtraction is a typical approach to detect moving targets in surveillance using only one static camera.The performance of background subtraction algorithms depends on how to construct background model.In this paper,codebook is used to estimate the background model using a long clip under limited memory.First,an initialization codebook is constructed for each pixel.Second,codewords in the initialization codebook are selected to construct background codebook based on the assumptions about the background model.The image can be partitioned to foreground and background according to the background codebook,and in the meanwhile codebook is updated correspondingly.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method presented in this paper,even when there are moving clutters in the background and illumination variations.
Stimulation of ectopically expressed muscarinic receptors induces IFN-γ but suppresses IL-2 production by inhibiting activation of pAKT pathways in primary T cells

Significance Studying the functions of G-protein-coupled muscarinic receptors, which are protein tyrosine kinase independent, might inspire new cancer therapies by bypassing classical TCR signaling pathways. Stimulating heterologously expressed muscarinic receptors (M1 and the synthetic hM3Dq) induced calcium responses and phosphorylation of ERK in preactivated T cells if PLCβ1 was coexpressed. Unexpectedly, whereas stimulation of hM3Dq that couples to PLCβ1 induced high IFN-γ, CD69, and CD25 expression, surprisingly, it did not induce high IL-2 expression. Stimulation of hM3Dq reduced IL-2 mRNA stability which correlated with an effect on the IL-2 mRNA stability. The selective effect on IL-2 mRNA may be attributable to reduced pAKT downstream pathway function, suggesting that the pAKT pathway is critical for IL-2 production.
Interactions between intradialytic central venous oxygen saturation, relative blood volume, and all‐cause mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients

In maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients, low central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) and small decline in relative blood volume (RBV) have been associated with adverse outcomes. Here we explore the joint association between ScvO2 and RBV change in relation to all‐cause mortality.