Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Policy Options for Sustainable Development in Urban Transport: Analysis of Energy Consumption and Environmental Benefit Influenced by Different Transport Policies in Beijing

Abstract Transportation is a sector with high energy consumption as well as high emissions. Generally speaking, economic growth will inevitably lead to the increase of travel demand and vehicle population, which in turn results into the augmentation of environmental and social costs. For metropolis like Beijing under rapid development, there exist various possibilities and options for transport development policy instruments. But there is no guarantee that they will be suitable for Beijing, although they are effective in their local places. This article assesses what kind of policy can most effectively improve the traffic conditions in Beijing in the future. After literature reviews on the practices of foreign policy and we established several feasible scenarios. Then, we used the Long Range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LREAP) analyzed their corresponding results of reduced energy consumption and emissions. Finally, by simulating and computing the realistic Beijing transportation scenarios, this paper scientifically assesses what kind of policy can most effectively improve the traffic condition in Beijing in the coming decade.
Outcome by Stroke Etiology in Patients Receiving Thrombolytic Treatment: Descriptive Subtype Analysis

Background and Purpose— Treating ischemic stroke with thrombolytic therapy is effective and safe, but limited data exist on its efficacy and safety in different etiologic subtypes. Methods— Patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis between 1995 and 2008 at our hospital were classified according to the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria based on diagnostic evaluation. Clinical outcome of the stroke subtypes by 3-month modified Rankin Scale was compared by multivariate logistic regression. A good outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale ≤2. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was defined according to both National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study criteria. Results— Of the 957 eligible patients, 41% (389) had cardioembolisms, 23% (217) large-artery atherosclerosis, and 11% (101) small-vessel disease (SVD). A good outcome was more common in SVD than in the other subtypes. Patients with SVD were more often male (64% versus 54%), had a lower baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, lower mortality rate, and experienced no symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. Patients with SVD had a prior stroke more often (20% versus 11%), whereas hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and transient ischemic attacks were equally distributed in all subtypes. Patients with SVD had a better outcome even after adjusting for baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and glucose level, age, and hyperdense artery sign (OR, 1.81; 1.01 to 3.23). In the adjusted multivariate model, other etiologic groups showed no significant correlation to good outcome. Conclusions— Patients with SVD were spared from bleeding complications and had the best outcome even after adjustment for confounding factors.
Astrology: The Study of Astro Teller

In this paper, we describe how we address the ICML 2004 Physiological Data Modeling Contest. For the gender prediction task, we employ 5 off-the-shelf machine learning methods: decision tree, neural networks, naive bayes, logistic regression, and Support Vector Machines. We use neural networks for the context prediction tasks. Most of the methods perform reasonably well, acknowledging the success of machine learning as a field. Moreover, we point out that characteristic attributes are highly correlated to the gender in the training data. Hence we argue if using characteristics for the gender prediction will generalize well.
Neurotrophin-3 and FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Receptor in Perinatal Life

Our aim is to determine—in 30 healthy full-term infants and their mothers—circulating levels of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) (important for antenatal and postnatal brain development and implicated in the immune response) and FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (FLT3) (controlling hematopoiesis and found in the nervous tissue), in the fetal and neonatal life. NT-3 levels, in contrast to FLT3 ones, increased significantly on the fourth postnatal day in relation to the low levels found in the mother, fetus, and day 1 neonate (P = .03, respectively). Maternal and umbilical NT3 levels positively correlated with respective FLT3 levels (P = .003 and P = .03). Circulating NT-3 levels increased in early neonatal life, possibly due to exposure to various stimuli soon after birth. FLT3 levels do not seem to behave accordingly, although these two substances probably synergize.
MediaEval 2015: A Segmentation-based Approach to Continuous Emotion Tracking

In this paper we approach the task of continuous music emotion recognition using unsupervised audio segmentation as a preparatory step. The MediaEval task requires predicting emotion of the song with a high time resolution of 2Hz. Though this resolution is necessary to nd exact locations of emotional changes, we believe that those changes occur more sparsely. We suggest that using bigger time windows for feature extraction and emotion prediction might make emotion recognition more accurate. We use an unsupervised method Structure Features [6] to segment the audio both from the development set and the evaluation set. Then we use Gaussian Process regression to predict the emotion of the segment using features extracted with the Essentia and openSMILE frameworks.
Prospective Observations in the Clinical and Electrophysiological Characteristics of Intra‐Isthmus Reentry

ECG and EGM of IIR. Introduction: Intra‐isthmus reentry (IIR) is a circuit within the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI). The purpose of this study is to prospectively define the electrogram and surface ECG characteristics of IIR, and its clinical implications.
Patient demographics and centre description in European palliative care units

Patients in palliative care are elderly, frail and in decline with multisystem disease. These and other factors make palliative care research particularly challenging, and has been one of several reasons why relatively little systematic research has been performed. The European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC) is seeking to emphasise the importance of research. The present project is the first empirical multicentre study organised by the EAPC Research Network, with the aim of identifying the patient population using specialised palliative care, and identifying a network of palliative care services across Europe, able to participate in a multicentre collaboration for research. During a designated week in the autumn of 2000, data on patients were recorded from 143 centres. The survey was carried out by means of two questionnaires, one centre questionnaire and one patient questionnaire. Data were submitted on 3013 patients from 22 different European countries. Almost all patients had cancer (94%), while some had neurological disease (3%). The majority (75%) had been referred to a palliative care service during the six to seven months before the survey was performed. Very few patients had less than one week of expected survival (6%), the majority were expected to live one to six months, while as many as 16% were expected to live more than one year. The majority of the patients (27%) were fully ambulatory - the ability to walk independently without any assistance. The majority of the patients (60%) received care as an outpatient, either at a traditional clinic in an outpatient cancer hospital (12%), in home-care programs from a specialised advisory service (24%), or external nursing care (24%). The population of patients included in this survey was not a sample of dying patients. There were a substantial number of patients with an anticipated life expectancy of more than six months. The study demonstrated a considerable enthusiasm for research in the palliative care community across Europe. The heterogeneity of the sample is evident, and this will need careful consideration for future clinical trials. This calls for an international consensus on how to report on patient characteristics within palliative care research. This is necessary in order to be able to evaluate the representativity of the study population, as well as to compare data between studies. The range of services encountered in the survey highlights the need for the organisational and clinical standards for palliative care, which can be audited.
Use of antibodies directed against synthetic peptides for identifying cDNA clones, establishing reading frames, and deducing the gene order of measles virus

A number of cDNA clones complementary to measles virus mRNA and 50S genome RNA have been generated. These clones have been mapped by restriction enzyme analysis and were subsequently sequenced by the method of Maxam and Gilbert (A. M. Maxam and W. Gilbert, Methods Enzymol. 65:499-560, 1980). Computer analysis of these DNA sequences revealed open reading frames which potentially could code for a number of gene products. Portions of these putative polypeptides were synthesized, and rabbit antibodies directed against peptide-hemocyanin conjugates were produced. These antibodies were used to immunoprecipitate virus-specific polypeptides which were identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. For each of the antisera tested, a unique protein was precipitated whose migration on polyacrylamide gels corresponded to standard gene products identified by monoclonal antibodies and antisera against measles virus. By using this method, we were able to assign the coding regions of cDNA clones to specific protein products and, subsequently, to order the genes of the 3'-terminal third of measles genome RNA.
On the Use of Caffeine as a Contrast Booster for BOLD fMRI Studies

This study explored the possible use of caffeine as an agent to improve the BOLD (blood oxygen level-dependent) signal response in fMRI. Previous research has demonstrated that caffeine has the ability to reset the level of coupling between blood flow and neuronal activity. In the present study, it has been shown that caffeine causes a decrease in cerebral perfusion by as much as 13.2% without a change in performance. Caffeine is a cerebral vasoconstrictor that causes an increase in the concentration of deoxyhemoglobin and thus a decrease in the BOLD baseline resting signal by 4.4%. During activation, the vasculature responds from below-normal baseline levels with a normal increase in blood flow and volume, resulting in an overall increase in the BOLD contrast. This increase can be as large as 22-37% during the performance of a visually cued motor task. The benefit of such a large increase in the BOLD contrast could be used to improve the image resolution, the acquisition scheme, or the task design of fMRI experiments. Caffeine has the potential to be used as a contrast booster for fMRI experiments.
An Occupational Health Study of Emergency Physicians in Japan: Health Assessment by Immune Variables (CD4, CD8, CD56, and NK Cell Activity) at the Beginning of Work

An Occupational Health Study of Emergency Physicians in Japan: Health Assessment by Immune Variables (CD4, CD8, CD56, and NK cell activity) at the Beginning of Work: Hiroteru Okamoto, et al. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Kyorin University—This study was conducted to evaluate the occupational health of Japanese physicians in emergency medicine. Subjects participating in this study were eighty‐nine physicians working at 12 medical facilities (10 critical care emergency centers) in Japan. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire of work conditions and to provide blood samples for immune variable measurements (CD4, CD8, CD56 and natural killer cell (NK cell) activity) before commencing their work. The data collected from seventy‐four of 89 participating physicians were analyzed. The traditional work group comprised of 39 emergency physicians, who were significantly overworked compared to other two groups: the shift work group and the day work group. Among these three groups, no immune variable was significantly different except lymphocyte, number of CD4, and NK cell activity; and the NK cell activity of the shift work group was significantly lower than those of the traditional work group (p<0.01) and the day work group (p<0.01) in terms of Bonferroni's multiple comparison, probably due to circadian rhythm. It was indicated that NK cell activity was significantly lower in samples collected at night versus in the morning (OR=8.34, 95%CI: 1.95–35.6, p<0.01) through multiple logistic regression analyses. NK cell activity was significantly lower in individuals taking 0–3 days off per month, as compared to those taking 4 or more days off (OR=4.65, 95%CI: 1.27–17.0, p=0.02), according to multiple logistic regression analyses. Therefore, the low NK cell activity appears to have reflected the extent of fatigue arising from physicians' overwork. Overwork would have been a potential risk for the physicians' health, resulting in a lower quality of Japanese emergency medical services than that which could have been achieved otherwise. This study suggests that it would be better for the Japanese emergency physicians to take 4 or more days off per month for their health and the quality of their services.
Summer Rainfall Seesaw between Hetao and the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River and Its Relationship with the North Atlantic Oscillation

AbstractUsing the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis and other observational datasets, the authors have investigated the relationship of summer rainfall variations between the Hetao region of northern China and the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River (MLRYR). The results have demonstrated that rainfall in Hetao varies out of phase with that in MLRYR on the interannual time scales. This phenomenon is referred to as the Hetao–Yangtze rainfall seesaw (HYRS). An HYRS index is defined to reveal both spatial and temporal features of HYRS. It is found that the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) affects the HYRS. In years when the NAO is in its positive phase, anomalous divergences in the lower troposphere and anomalous convergences in the upper troposphere are observed in regions of the Mediterranean and eastern Europe. The anomalous convergences in the upper troposphere occur as the positive Rossby wave source excites a circumglobal teleconnection (CGT) in the midlatitudes, exhibiting the eastward propagation of Rossby w.
Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment for lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis.

BACKGROUND Management of degenerative spondylolisthesis with spinal stenosis is controversial. Surgery is widely used, but its effectiveness in comparison with that of nonsurgical treatment has not been demonstrated in controlled trials. METHODS Surgical candidates from 13 centers in 11 U.S. states who had at least 12 weeks of symptoms and image-confirmed degenerative spondylolisthesis were offered enrollment in a randomized cohort or an observational cohort. Treatment was standard decompressive laminectomy (with or without fusion) or usual nonsurgical care. The primary outcome measures were the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form General Health Survey (SF-36) bodily pain and physical function scores (100-point scales, with higher scores indicating less severe symptoms) and the modified Oswestry Disability Index (100-point scale, with lower scores indicating less severe symptoms) at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. RESULTS We enrolled 304 patients in the randomized cohort and 303 in the observational cohort. The baseline characteristics of the two cohorts were similar. The one-year crossover rates were high in the randomized cohort (approximately 40% in each direction) but moderate in the observational cohort (17% crossover to surgery and 3% crossover to nonsurgical care). The intention-to-treat analysis for the randomized cohort showed no statistically significant effects for the primary outcomes. The as-treated analysis for both cohorts combined showed a significant advantage for surgery at 3 months that increased at 1 year and diminished only slightly at 2 years. The treatment effects at 2 years were 18.1 for bodily pain (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.5 to 21.7), 18.3 for physical function (95% CI, 14.6 to 21.9), and -16.7 for the Oswestry Disability Index (95% CI, -19.5 to -13.9). There was little evidence of harm from either treatment. CONCLUSIONS In nonrandomized as-treated comparisons with careful control for potentially confounding baseline factors, patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis treated surgically showed substantially greater improvement in pain and function during a period of 2 years than patients treated nonsurgically. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00000409 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
Ten-Year Survival in 75-Year-Old Men and Women: Predictive Ability of Total Cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C

Objective. The purpose of this study was to investigate prognostic impact of cholesterol and its subfractions among 75-year-old people from the general population. Methods and Results. The study comprised a random sample (222 women and 210 men) from the general population (participation rate 70%). During 10-year follow-up, 19% of women and 35% of men experienced a major cardiovascular event (MCVE). The all-cause mortality was 29% for women and 47% for men. After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, a low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly associated with MCVE (P = .006) and mortality (P = .011) in men but not in women. The prognostic sex disparity was nearly significant (P = .051 for MCVE and .067 for mortality). The associations of adjusted HDL-C to MCVE and mortality were unchanged after excluding individuals with prevalent stroke or MI. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were not significantly related to prognosis in either sex. Main Conclusions. HDL-C was associated with dismal prognosis in men but not in women. Elderly men with HDL-C <40 mg/dL deserve particular attention for cardiovascular prevention.
Compact Semiconductor Tapers for Deep-to-Shallow Etch Transitions

Double-etched taper devices for application as mode converters between shallow and deep-etched waveguides are presented with particular attention paid to the derivation of the taper profile. Finite-difference time-domain simulations of the devices are carried out and compared with fabricated devices along with a transfer matrix method representation that confirms the extraction of values for reflectivity from the transmission spectra of the devices. Tapers of sub-100-mum lengths are shown to exhibit losses of <0.5 dB and reflectivities of <0.05%.
Neural Networks a Head–neck–eye System That Learns Fault-tolerant Saccades to 3-d Targets Using a Self-organizing Neural Model

This paper describes a head–neck–eye camera system that is capable of learning to saccade to 3-D targets in a self-organized fashion. The self-organized learning process is based on action perception cycles where the camera system performs micro saccades about a given head–neck–eye camera position and learns to map these micro saccades to changes in position of a 3-D target currently in view of the stereo camera. This motor babbling phase provides self-generated movement commands that activate correlated visual, spatial and motor information that are used to learn an internal coordinate transformation between vision and motor systems. The learned transform is used by resulting head–neck–eye camera system to accurately saccade to 3-D targets using many different combinations of head, neck, and eye positions. The interesting aspect of the learned transform is that it is robust to a wide variety of disturbances including reduced degrees of freedom of movement for the head, neck, one eye, or any combination of two of the three, movement of head and neck as a function of eye movements, changes in the stereo camera separation distance and changes in focal lengths of the cameras. These disturbances were not encountered during motor babbling phase. This feature points to general nature of the learned transform in its ability to control autonomous systems with redundant degrees of freedom in a very robust and fault-tolerant fashion. In humans, there are basically two types of eye movements. The most common eye movement is to keep the gaze affixed. These gaze holding movements are the result of compensating for head movements by moving the eyes in an equal and opposite amount to the direction of the head movements. These movements are either driven by the balance organs of the inner ear (called the vestibule-ocular reflexes or VOR), or alternatively they can be driven by the retinal image motion in a feedback loop (called the optokinetic responses or OKR). The other main class of eye movement comes about because the fovea (center high resolution portion of the retina), has a high concentration of color sensitive photoreceptor cells called cone cells. The rest of the retina is mainly made up of monochrome photoreceptor cell called rod cells, which are especially good for motion detection. By moving the eye so that small parts of a scene can be sensed with greater resolution, body resources can be used more efficiently. The eye movements disrupt vision and hence …
Ieee Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Manuscropt Id 1 Social Recommendation with Cross-domain Transferable Knowledge

—Recommender systems can suffer from data sparsity and cold start issues. However, social networks, which enable users to build relationships and create different types of items, present an unprecedented opportunity to alleviate these issues. In this paper, we represent a social network as a star-structured hybrid graph centered on a social domain, which connects with other item domains. With this innovative representation, useful knowledge from an auxiliary domain can be transferred through the social domain to a target domain. Various factors of item transferability, including popularity and behavioral consistency, are determined. We propose a novel Hybrid Random Walk (HRW) method, which incorporates such factors, to select transferable items in auxiliary domains, bridge cross-domain knowledge with the social domain, and accurately predict user-item links in a target domain. Extensive experiments on a real social dataset demonstrate that HRW significantly outperforms existing approaches.
The Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath) Secreted Protein, MopE*, Binds Both Reduced and Oxidized Copper

Under copper limiting growth conditions the methanotrophic bacterium Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath) secrets essentially only one protein, MopE*, to the medium. MopE* is a copper-binding protein whose structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The structure of MopE* revealed a unique high affinity copper binding site consisting of two histidine imidazoles and one kynurenine, the latter an oxidation product of Trp130. In this study, we demonstrate that the copper ion coordinated by this strong binding site is in the Cu(I) state when MopE* is isolated from the growth medium of M. capsulatus. The conclusion is based on X-ray Near Edge Absorption spectroscopy (XANES), and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) studies. EPR analyses demonstrated that MopE*, in addition to the strong copper-binding site, also binds Cu(II) at two weaker binding sites. Both Cu(II) binding sites have properties typical of non-blue type II Cu (II) centres, and the strongest of the two Cu(II) sites is characterised by a relative high hyperfine coupling of copper (A|| = 20 mT). Immobilized metal affinity chromatography binding studies suggests that residues in the N-terminal part of MopE* are involved in forming binding site(s) for Cu(II) ions. Our results support the hypothesis that MopE plays an important role in copper uptake, possibly making use of both its high (Cu(I) and low Cu(II) affinity properties.