Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders Symptomatology Among Individuals With Down Syndrome

The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) among individuals with Down syndrome (DS) has been difficult to ascertain. This is because many of the phenotypic features of DS may resemble the clinical manifestations of DS and the myriad methodological challenges in diagnosing ADHD in children with intellectual disabilities (ID). With this in mind, the authors set to determine the prevalence of ADHD symptomatology in a cohort of children and young adults in a DS clinic. Subjects were 83 children and adults, ages 5–38, who were attending the Down Syndrome Center at the Hadassah Mount Scopus University Medical Center. All were screened for ADHD. Screening methods included review of medical files, telephone interviews, and use of the ADHD module of the Autism-Tics, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder, and other Comorbidities questionnaire. It was found that 26 (31.3%) of the subjects fulfilled the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.) criteria for ADHD. Of these, 17 (65.4%) were diagnosed as predominantly inattentive type. Four (15.4%) were predominantly impulsive-hyperactive, and five (19.2%) had the combined type. No statistically significant association was found between ADHD and age, sex, number of siblings, presence of heart disease, thyroid dysfunction, sleep disorders, or a family history of ADHD. The prevalence of ADHD symptomatology among individuals with DS in this representative sample is high compared with the general population. ADHD may be underdiagnosed in this special population, hence the need for systematic screening.
Constitutive phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha by casein kinase II occurs preferentially at serine 293: requirement for degradation of free IkappaBalpha

IkappaBalpha is a phosphoprotein that sequesters the NF-kappaB/Rel transcription factors in the cytoplasm by physical association. Following induction by a wide variety of agents, IkappaBalpha is further phosphorylated and degraded, allowing NF-kappaB/Rel proteins to translocate to the nucleus and induce transcription. We have previously reported that the constitutive phosphorylation site resides in the C-terminal PEST region of IkappaBalpha and is phosphorylated by casein kinase II (CKII). Here we show that serine 293 is the preferred CKII phosphorylation site. Additionally, we show compensatory phosphorylation by CKII at neighboring serine and threonine residues. Thus, only when all five of the serine and threonine residues in the C-terminal region of IkappaBalpha are converted to alanine (MutF), is constitutive phosphorylation abolished. Finally, we show that constitutive phosphorylation is required for efficient degradation of free IkappaBalpha, in that unassociated Mutf has a half-life two times longer than wild-type IkappaBalpha. A serine residue alone at position 293, as well as aspartic acid at this position, can revert the Mutf phenotype. Therefore, the constitutive CKII phosphorylation site is an integral part of the PEST region of IkappaBalpha, and this phosphorylation is required for rapid proteolysis of the unassociated protein.
Large scale deletions of the mitochondrial DNA in astheno, asthenoterato and oligoasthenoterato-spermic men

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of large-scale deletions of mtDNA between idiopathic astheno, asthenoterato and oligoasthenoterato-spermic as patient group and normospermic as control group. Forty semen samples including: 10 asthenospermic (A), 10 asthenoteratospermic (AT), 10 oligoasthenoteratospermic (OAT) and 10 normospermic samples as control group, were collected from IVF center. Our analysis of long-range polymerase chain reaction were shown multiple deletions; 4977-bp, 7599-bp and 7491-bp of mtDNA in spermatozoa of patients (A, AT and OAT) and control groups. However, the frequency of multiple mtDNA deletions in astheno (60%), asthenoterato (60%), oligoasthenoterato (70%) spermic groups were significantly higher than normal (40%) group. These results suggest that mtDNA mutations cause infertility through an effect on sperm motility. Therefore, identification of mtDNA mutations and large scale deletions in the pathophysiology of human spermatozoa dysfunction is considered to be important to better understanding of the etiology of idiopathic infertility.
Nutrition and Wound Healing

s, and has been honored by receiving numerous teaching awards, including the University of Pennsylvania Alumni Teaching Award, the Norden/Pfizer Distinguished Teaching Award (twice), and the National SCAVMA Teaching Award. Dr. Ward is also a Diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (SAIM).
Comment se portent les anorexiques traitées par Mara Selvini Palazzoli et ses équipes entre 1971 et 1987

Dans cet article, nous presentons les resultats d’une recherche de follow-up concernant les jeunes filles anorexiques traitees par Mara Selvini Palazzoli et ses equipes. Non seulement les donnees recoltees confirment l’efficacite de la therapie familiale, mais elles demontrent aussi combien la disponibilite de la famille a s’impliquer dans un processus de traitement est importante. Enfin, cette recherche remet en cause les modeles de therapie familiale breve, strategique, bases sur la prescription, au profit de modeles bases sur la prise en charge de plus longue duree et qui integrent aussi bien le travail individuel que le travail familial.
Assessment of Adverse Drug Reactions Based on Spontaneous Signals at Secondary Care Public Hospital

Adverse drug reactions are considered to be among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Approximately 5-25% of hospital admissions are due to adverse drug reactions and 6-15% of hospitalized patients experience serious adverse drug reactions, causing significant prolongation of hospital stay. Thus this study was aimed at determining adverse drug reactions by conducting spontaneous reporting in secondary care Govt. District Head Quarters Hospital at Ooty. A prospective Spontaneous Adverse Drug Reaction reporting study was conducted over a period of 12 months from July 2012 to June 2013. The assessment, categorization, causality, severity and preventability were assessed using standard criteria. A total of 47 suspected adverse drug reactions were reported during the study period. Over all incidences was 1.29% among the study population. Antibiotics (31.91%) were the class of drug most commonly involved, while ciprofloxacin (14.89%) was the most frequently reported. Type H (Hypersensitivity) reactions (51.06%) accounted for majority of the reports and a greater share of the adverse drug reactions are probable (89.36%) based on causality assessment. Mild reactions accounted 82.97% based on modified Hartwig and Siegel severity scale. In 76.59% of the reports, the reaction was considered to be preventable based on Schumock and Thornton preventability scale. The implementation of monitoring based on spontaneous reporting will be useful for the detection and evaluation is associated with increase in morbidity and duration of hospitalization. This study also has established the vital role of clinical pharmacist in the adverse drug reaction monitoring program.
The evaluation of the Conductive Education program and the implementation of a Cognitive Stimulation program in a home for children with developmental disabilities in a rural area of South Africa.

Introduction: A Conductive Education (CE) program and a Cognitive Stimulation (CS) program were implemented in Sizanani Children’s Home, a residential facility in South Africa for children and young adults with mental and physical disabilities, most of them diagnosed as cerebral palsy. The effect of one year CE on the development of functional skills and the effect of three months CS on play abilities were evaluated. Methods: The CE program included 39 participants in the age of 8 to 33 years, whereas the CS program included 18 participants in the age of 8 to 30 years. Gross motor functioning was assessed with the Gross Motor Functioning Classification System (GMFCS), whereas the functional skills were assessed with either the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) or the Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) and with the Functional Motor Assessment Scale (FMAS) and the Level of intervention Observation Instrument (LOI). For the CS program the Play Observation Scale (POS) was developed to measure play abilities. The CS program had two experimental conditions; one with and one without social interaction, in addition to a control condition. Results: One year of CE showed an improvement in the functional motor abilities of the participants measured with the GAS and FMAS. According to the PEDI, functional skills only improved in Caregiver Assistance in the Self-care scale, whereas the LOI showed an improvement in functional skills in dressing. No relation was found between the change in functional skills measured with the FMAS and the LOI and the level of gross motor functioning measured with the GMFCS. The CS program resulted in a non-significant improvement of the play abilities of the participants in the two experimental conditions. Conclusion: The results show that continuation of the CE program is beneficial for the functional skills of the children and young adults of Sizanani Children’s Home. The effectiveness of the CS program at a longer term has to be awaited.
Advances in motivation in sport and exercise

Understanding the dynamics of motivation in physical activity, Glyn C. Roberts the development of motivation in children, Mary Fry enhancing young people's motivation in physical activity contexts, Darren Treasure enhancing motivation in physical education, Stuart Biddle goal perspective research in sport, John L. Duda goal setting in sport and physical activity, Howard K. Hall and Alistair W. Kerr self-efficacy as a determinant and an outcome of exercise, Edward McAuley and Melissa Pena a hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in sport and exercise, Robert Vallerand perceived control, Kimberly A. Dawson, Nancy C. Gyuurcsik et al.
Performance of continuous and blockwise decoded turbo codes

In this letter we define and evaluate the average maximum-likelihood performance of the three ways of co-decoding turbo codes. In all cases the information sequence is split into blocks of N bits (N being the length of the interleaver used by the turbo code), that are encoded by the first constituent encoder and, after interleaving, by the second encoder. In the first operation mode, both constituent encoders work in a continuous fashion, whereas in the second, at the end of each block, a suitably chosen sequence of bits is appended to the information block in order to terminate the trellises of both constituent codes. In the third mode, the operation is similar to the second, but, instead of trellis termination, both constituent encoders are simply reset.
Addressing the challenges of cleft lip and palate research in India

The Indian sub-continent remains one of the most populous areas of the world with an estimated population of 1.1 billion in India alone. This yields an estimated 24.5 million births per year and the birth prevalence of clefts is somewhere between 27,000 and 33,000 clefts per year. Inequalities exist, both in access to and quality of cleft care with distinct differences in urban versus rural access and over the years the accumulation of unrepaired clefts of the lip and palate make this a significant health care problem in India. In recent years the situation has been significantly improved through the intervention of Non Governmental Organisations such as SmileTrain and Transforming Faces Worldwide participating in primary surgical repair programmes. The cause of clefts is multi factorial with both genetic and environmental input and intensive research efforts have yielded significant advances in recent years facilitated by molecular technologies in the genetic field. India has tremendous potential to contribute by virtue of improving research expertise and a population that has genetic, cultural and socio-economic diversity. In 2008, the World Health Organisation (WHO) has recognised that non-communicable diseases, including birth defects cause significant infant mortality and childhood morbidity and have included cleft lip and palate in their Global Burden of Disease (GBD) initiative. This will fuel the interest of India in birth defects registration and international efforts aimed at improving quality of care and ultimately prevention of non-syndromic clefts of the lip and palate.
Genome-wide Analysis of CDX2 Binding in Intestinal Epithelial Cells (Caco-2)*

The CDX2 transcription factor is known to play a crucial role in inhibiting proliferation, promoting differentiation and the expression of intestinal specific genes in intestinal cells. The overall effect of CDX2 in intestinal cells has previously been investigated in conditional knock-out mice, revealing a critical role of CDX2 in the formation of the normal intestinal identity. The identification of direct targets of transcription factors is a key problem in the study of gene regulatory networks. The ChIP-seq technique combines chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with next generation sequencing resulting in a high throughput experimental method of identifying direct targets of specific transcription factors. The method was applied to CDX2, leading to the identification of the direct binding of CDX2 to several known and novel target genes in the intestinal cell. Examination of the transcript levels of selected genes verified the regulatory role of CDX2 binding. The results place CDX2 as a key node in a transcription factor network controlling the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal cells.
Aussageverhalten von traumatisierten Flüchtlingen : eine Untersuchung zum Vorbringen des eigenen Verfolgungsschicksals im Rahmen des Asylverfahrens

Zusammenfassung Theoretischer Hintergrund: In der Erstanhorung des Bundesamtes fur Migration und Fluchtlinge (BAMF) werden Asylbewerber dazu aufgefordert, die Grunde ihrer Flucht anzugeben. Die psychologische Literatur zeigt, dass psychisch traumatisierte Asylbewerber aus storungsspezifischen Grunden hierbei nicht oder unzureichend uber ihr Verfolgungsschicksal berichten konnen. Fragestellungen: Welche soziodemographischen, verfolgungsbezogenen, psychischen und situativen Faktoren haben einen Einfluss auf die Berichterstattung uber das ei-gene Verfolgungsschicksal in der Erstanhorung bei Asylbewerbern mit Posttraumati-scher Belastungsstorung (PTBS)? Methoden: Aus dem Archiv unserer Einrichtung wurden 52 Akten von Fluchtlingen mit PTBS ausgewahlt, die ausfuhrlich psychodiagnostisch untersucht worden waren, und anhand von inhaltsanalytischen und quantitativen Verfahren ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Es zeigte sich, dass folgende Variablen Pradiktoren fur eine undetaillierte Berichterstattung in der Erstanhorung waren: ermordete oder verschwundene Fami-lienmitglieder, das Bildungsniveau, eine erlittene Vergewaltigung, Verdacht auf eine schwere Kopfverletzung sowie politisch im Heimatland nie aktiv gewesen zu sein. Zu-dem zeigte sich ein korrelativer Zusammenhang zwischen der Detailliertheit des Be-richtes und situativen Faktoren der Erstanhorung. Schlussfolgerungen: Soziodemografische, medizinische und psychopathologische Faktoren sowie Gegebenheiten der Verfolgungsgeschichte konnen dazu fuhren, dass traumatisierte Asylbewerber mit PTBS in der Erstanhorung gar nicht oder nur in vagen Andeutungen uber im Herkunftsland erlittene Verfolgung berichten und damit gegen die Mitwirkungspflicht verstosen, was sich auf das Asylverfahren negativ aus-wirkt. Im Asylverfahren sollte dieser Gruppe besser Rechnung getragen werden. Schlusselworter: Posttraumatische Belastungsstorung, Erstanhorung, Asylbewerber Abstract Background: In the first hearing in the federal migration office, asylum seekers are asked to report in detail all aspects of the political persecution they had experienced in their home countries (disclosure requirement). The psychological literature shows that refugees with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) have difficulties to report in detail on the persecution they had experienced due to specific symptoms related to the disorder.
Do popular management techniques improve performance

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to determine whether the adoption of management techniques influences organizational performance and to determine the antecedents of adoption.Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses a survey method to collect data from 106 large businesses in multiple industries.Findings – The findings suggest that the adoption of management techniques influences organizational performance, especially when supported by clear vision and mission statements. Organizational and environmental characteristics act as antecedents for adoption.Research limitations/implications – Further research should focus on efforts for explaining the complex link between adoption and performance.Originality/value – The paper contributes to knowledge on adoption of management ideas in less developed contexts.
Innovation, Firm Dynamics, and International Trade

We present a general equilibrium model of the response of firms’ decisions to operate, innovate, and engage in international trade to a change in the marginal cost of international trade. We find that, although a change in trade costs can have a substantial impact on heterogeneous firms’ exit, export, and process innovation decisions, the impact of changes in these decisions on welfare is largely offset by the response of product innovation. Our results suggest that microeconomic evidence on firms’ responses to changes in international trade costs may not be informative about the implications of changes in these trade costs for aggregate welfare.
Automatic Microelectrode Recording Analysis and Visualization of the Globus Pallidus Interna and Stereotactic Trajectory

Locating deep brain neuronal structures is required to accurately place deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes during stereotactic surgery in patients with Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders. This study investigates the efficacy of automatic microelectrode visualization and analysis methods to help neurosurgeons locate target structures more objectively, consistently, and easily during surgery. Ten patients (4 males and 6 females) who underwent bilateral implantation of DBS electrodes in the globus pallidus interna (Gpi), from 2001 to 2003, at the Oregon Health and Science University and the Portland Veterans Administration Medical Center were included. We compared the efficacy of the microelectrode recording signal energy, power spectral density (PSD), marginal probability density (mPDF), autocorrelation function (ACF), and partial ACF. mPDF and PSD estimates most accurately indicated the borders of the GPi target structure.
The application of spaced theta burst protocols induces long‐lasting neuroplastic changes in the human motor cortex

There is some limited evidence suggesting that the spaced application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protocols may extend the duration of induced neuroplastic changes. However, this has yet to be demonstrated in the human primary motor cortex (M1). We evaluated whether the paired application of an inhibitory rTMS protocol [continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS)] at 10‐min intervals prolonged the duration of induced M1 plasticity. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from the right first dorsal interosseous muscle before and following single and paired cTBS protocols applied with two intensities: 80% of active motor threshold (AMT80) and 70% of resting motor threshold (RMT70). Single cTBS protocols did not significantly influence MEP amplitudes. Whereas paired trains applied at AMT80 had no effect on MEP amplitudes, paired cTBS trains at RMT70 significantly reduced them. MEP amplitudes remained suppressed for at least 2 h following the second train. Control experiments suggested that the contraction used to establish active motor threshold prior to cTBS application may be responsible for blocking the effect of paired cTBS trains at AMT80. The results suggest that the spaced application of cTBS protocols may be an effective approach for establishing long‐lasting M1 neuroplasticity only in the absence of prior voluntary motor activation. These findings may have important implications for the therapeutic application of rTMS.
Trigger shift: participatory design of an augmented theatrical performance with young people

Trigger Shift was a project that involved collaborating with a group of young people to explore the ways commercially available technologies could be appropriated into performance art. The project led to the production of an augmented theatrical performance using the Microsoft Kinect sensor that was presented to live audiences six times over two days. In this paper we describe the bottom-up, 11-month long participatory design process conducted with our young participants. We describe the manner in which the project was introduced to our participants and the techniques used to help them actively make decisions about the design of and role of technology in the final performance. We candidly report on the problems encountered during the design process and how the project team had to be reflexive to the needs of participants and the single predefined end-goal of the project. A number of strengths and weaknesses of bottom-up participatory design with young people are highlighted, and we reflect upon these to provide guidance for future researchers undertaking work in this domain.
Loss of ALS2 Function Is Insufficient to Trigger Motor Neuron Degeneration in Knock-Out Mice But Predisposes Neurons to Oxidative Stress

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the most common motor neuron disease, is caused by a selective loss of motor neurons in the CNS. Mutations in the ALS2 gene have been linked to one form of autosomal recessive juvenile onset ALS (ALS2). To investigate the pathogenic mechanisms of ALS2, we generated ALS2 knock-out (ALS2-/-) mice. Although ALS2-/- mice lacked obvious developmental abnormalities, they exhibited age-dependent deficits in motor coordination and motor learning. Moreover, ALS2-/- mice showed a higher anxiety response in the open-field and elevated plus-maze tasks. Although they failed to recapitulate clinical or neuropathological phenotypes consistent with motor neuron disease by 20 months of age, ALS2-/- mice or primary cultured neurons derived from these mice were more susceptible to oxidative stress compared with wild-type controls. These observations suggest that loss of ALS2 function is insufficient to cause major motor deficits or motor neuron degeneration in a mouse model but predisposes neurons to oxidative stress.
A Content-Based Publish/Subscribe System for Efficient Event Notification over Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Pub/Sub systems over VANETs can be employed to disseminate information in terms of events to vehicle users who desire the information. This paper describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of APUS, a content-based Pub/Sub system for VANETs. APUS can handle the subscriptions with complicated spatial-temporal constraints and forward the notifications to the specified areas so that vehicle users can pick up the notifications there. In regards to the implementation, APUS exploits RSUs (Road Side Units) to relay messages and match subscriptions with events. Simulation experimental results show that APUS achieves high delivery ratios and stable low costs in event notification no matter how the traffic statistics such as vehicle density and vehicle speed change.
Understanding the rapist's mind.

TOPIC The motivations and psychology of the rapist. PURPOSE To provide a framework of sexual perversions so that the motives and psychology of rapists can be better understood. SOURCE Analytic literature. CONCLUSION Unconscious motives leading to rape appear related to issues of control, power, and dominance.