Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scientific Rationale and Clinical Basis for Clindamycin Use in the Treatment of Dermatologic Disease

Clindamycin is a highly effective antibiotic of the lincosamide class. It has been widely used for decades to treat a range of skin and soft tissue infections in dermatology and medicine. Clindamycin is commonly prescribed for acne vulgaris, with current practice standards utilizing fixed-combination topicals containing clindamycin that prevent Cutibacterium acnes growth and reduce inflammation associated with acne lesion formation. Certain clinical presentations of folliculitis, rosacea, staphylococcal infections, and hidradenitis suppurativa are also responsive to clindamycin, demonstrating its suitability and versatility as a treatment option. This review describes the use of clindamycin in dermatological practice, the mechanism of protein synthesis inhibition by clindamycin at the level of the bacterial ribosome, and clindamycin’s anti-inflammatory properties with a focus on its ability to ameliorate inflammation in acne. A comparison of the dermatologic indications for similarly utilized antibiotics, like the tetracycline class antibiotics, is also presented. Finally, this review addresses both the trends and mechanisms for clindamycin and antibiotic resistance, as well as the current clinical evidence in support of the continued, targeted use of clindamycin in dermatology.
CSMA-Based Bandwidth Estimation for Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks

Given the highly variable physical layer characteristics in cognitive radio sensor networks, it is indispensable to estimate the near stable bandwidth for cognitive radio users for smooth operations of the higher layer protocols. Taking into account the dynamic spectrum access, this paper formulates the approximate bandwidth available to secondary users (SUs) for a given set of traffic channels operated under the exclusively available common control channel. Performance analysis reveals that dedicating a common control channel for SUs enhances their aggregated bandwidth approximately 5 times through the possibility of concurrent transmissions on different traffic channels.
Inderiati, Retno

Bangle rhizome extract (zingiber cassumunar roxb.) is an herbal plant widely consumed in Indonesia and also has broad medical properties. This research aimed to determine the yield of Bangle Extract (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) using the solvents Aquadest, Aceton, Ethanol 70%, Ethanol 96% and Methanol. Besides that, we find out the results of phytochemical screening tests and Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC). The research results on the yield of Bangle rhizome extract with the five solvents obtained the most significant yield, namely with distilled water, 7.2 percent. Based on the phytochemical screening test, Bangle rhizome extract was positive for containing secondary metabolites such as tannins, alkaloids, triterpenoids, steroids and saponins. The lowest MIC results for the Bangle extract were in a solvent called Aquadest at 6.25 mg/mL with a value of 0.049 mg/mL. They continued in 70% ethanol solvent with a titer at 3.125 mg/mL in the fungus Trichophyton rubrum and in the fungus Trichophyton mentagrophytes with a titer at 3.125 mg/mL. At the same time, the greatest MIC value was obtained in the solvents acetone, ethanol 96% and methanol with a value of 0.049 mg/mL for both fungi. The best solvents used in this research were high concentration organic solvents (acetone, alcohol 96% and methanol), but that toxicity needs further research.
Neuropsychological stimulation for children living in low socioeconomic level suburbs from Guatemala City: A study protocol (preprint)

Background Guatemala remains one of the poorest countries in the American continent and suffers from high rates of social inequality and violence. Among other potential disadvantages, this unfavourable socioeconomic context poses a risk to children’s emotional and cognitive development (1, 2). In addition to the negative impact that two years without attending school has had on Guatemalan children, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the country’s economic stability has worsened the socioeconomic divide that these children face. The present work presents a registered protocol designed for the implementation and assessment of a cognitive and emotional stimulation program that aims to increase the academic performance of these children and consequently improve their quality of life.Methods The protocol proposes the implementation of a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of a 24-session-long cognitive and emotional stimulation program. The program contains activities targeting the cognitive functions of attention, language, executive functions, and social cognition using the digital neurorehabilitation platform NeuronUP. The 5th grade participants (n = 480) will be randomly assigned to either the Experimental or Control group. Pre- and post-intervention assessments will be carried out, together with a follow-up in the following academic year, in which both groups will change roles. This will be done to ensure that all participants can benefit from the intervention, as mandated by current ethical research principles.Discussion Mid- and long-term results are still unknown, however if the program achieves the intended impact on the participants, effective interventions based on this protocol are expected to facilitate the following benefits for the participants: (1) Develop cognitive and emotional abilities to a level that would previously have been difficult to achieve; (2) Improve academic performance and subsequent educational level; (3) As a consequence of the first two points, provide the children with a better chance of accessing more resources and life opportunities.Trial registration: This project has been registered in the Open Science Foundation data base on the 10th of February 2022 (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/JVZ6W).
TECHNOLOGY AND LEARNING FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD AND PRIMARY EDUCATION

This paper was commissioned by the Global Education Monitoring Report as background information to assist in drafting the 2023 GEM Report, Technology in education. It has not been edited by the team. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and should not be attributed to the Global Education Monitoring Report or to UNESCO. The papers can be cited with the following reference: “Pape r commissioned for the 2023 Global Education Monitoring Report, Technology in education”. For further information, please contact gemreport@unesco.org.
Causal Inquiry in Historical Social Science : Reading Max Weber in Light of Contemporary Approaches

This memo seeks to crystallize Max Weber’s approach to historical causal inquiry by comparing and contrasting it to contemporary quantitative and qualitative methodologies. I argue that Weber’s logic is fundamentally congruent with the contemporary scholarship on process-tracing, but that both approaches differ from statistical methods in important and revealing ways. I begin by outlining how process-based and outcome-focused historical inquiry differs in its underlying assumptions and causal logic from frequentist and variable-focused inquiry. I subsequently outline how both Weber and contemporary process-tracing methodologists utilize counterfactual logic for causal leverage, embrace a deterministic understanding of causation, construct logical ‘tests’ to isolate the historical conditions of greatest causal importance, and emphasize the role of causal mechanisms.
Inhibitory Effect of Chlorogenic Acid on the Expression of the TLR7 Signaling Pathway in the Presence of H1N1 Infection In vitro

Chlorogenic acid, a natural compound widely found in a great variety of natural products, with its wide range of potentially practical values, has been quite frequently researched in many basic scientific experiments for its biological activities, such as antimicrobial properties, and other physicochemical effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-virus role of chlorogenic acid on the toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) signaling pathway in diverse immune cells infected with H1N1. Through the course of obtaining peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) from fresh umbilical cord blood, and stimulations by inducing factors, rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4, separately, we established a co-culture system of distinct immune cells with the medium of the H1N1 virus-infected cells(human respiratory epithelial cell). Then chlorogenic acid was added into the system as an drug intervention. The cell supernatant and immune cells were collected for RT-PCR to determine the expression levels of cytokines related to the TLR7 pathway. The results indicated that chlorogenic acid could ameliorate H1N1 virus-infected cell survival and down-regulate the expression levels of the TLR7 pathway cytokines, thus avoiding too much damage from the over-reactive immune system.
The Relationship between IT and Organizations: Review of Theoretical Perspectives over Half a Century

Without being exhaustive, this study reviews important theoretical perspectives used by information system (IS) researchers to study the influence of information technology (IT) on organizations and their members in the last five decades. We illustrate these theoretical perspectives by selecting and describing exemplars published in each decade and explain their implications for researchers and practitioners. Our results show that in each of the last five decades, a new theoretical perspective was developed and adopted to extend the previous decade’s rhetoric by getting further away from technological determinism in the sixties and closer to more balanced causal arguments explaining the consequences of IT on organizations and their members. Our analysis suggests important implications such as the need for IS researchers to restore theoretical attention to material IT artifacts in IS research and potential approaches that can be used to achieve this goal.
Application of Computation Offloading in Edge Computing-Based Level Crossing Violation Detection Systems

— Level crossings remain a problem in several cities due to high violations. Currently, surveillance at level crossings is still performed conventionally. Since problems at level crossings are increasingly complex and conventional solutions are no longer effective, an intelligent video surveillance system is necessary. Intelligent video surveillance system implementation is a complex task and requires devices with extensive computing resources. This research aims to optimize the system for processing data in real-time by conducting computation near the data source and dividing computing tasks across several edge devices. This research proposes a solution in the form of an edge computing-based intelligent video surveillance system with a computation offloading method on limited devices. This research has two development stages. The initial stage involved developing an object detection model using a dataset of level crossings in Bandung City. The second stage was developing an edge computing-based system by applying the computation offloading method on limited computing devices. The edge computing method extends cloud computing to the network’s edge, enabling calculations near the data source. Conversely, the computation offloading method improves edge computing performance by dividing computing tasks. Results showed an increase in computing speed of around 1.5 times faster, with a violation detection accuracy rate reaching 89.4%. Additionally, GPU temperature decreased by 5.50 °C, GPU usage decreased by 44.05%, memory usage decreased by 301 Mb, and power consumption decreased by 2.28 W. The system developed is effective and efficient in optimizing the performance of the violation detection system in level crossings on limited computing devices.
Context-aware notification for wearable computing

In this paper we propose to use context information obtainedfrom body-worn sensors to mediate notifications fora wearable computer. In particular we introduce a modelwhich uses two axes, namely personal and social interruptabilityof the user in order to decide both whether or notto notify the user and to decide which notification modalityto use. Rather than to model and recognize the completecontext of the user we argue that personal and social interruptabilitycan be derived directly from various sensors bythe combination of tendencies. First experimental resultsshow the feasibility of the approach using acceleration, audio,and location sensors.
Experiences of the Postoperative Recovery Process: An Interview Study

Few researchers have described postoperative recovery from a broad, overall perspective. In this article the authors describe a study focusing on patient and staff experiences of postoperative recovery using a qualitative descriptive design to obtain a description of the phenomenon. They performed 10 individual interviews with patients who had undergone abdominal or gynecological surgery and 7 group interviews with registered nurses working on surgical and gynecological wards and in primary care centers, surgeons from surgical and gynecological departments, and in-patients from a gynecological ward. The authors analyzed data using qualitative content analysis. Postoperative recovery is described as a Dynamic Process in an Endeavour to Continue With Everyday Life. This theme was further highlighted by the categories Experiences of the core of recovery and Experiences of factors influencing recovery. Knowledge from this study will help caregivers support patients during their recovery from surgery.
Open-Set Object Detection By Aligning Known Class Representations Supplementary Material

Open-Set Object Detection (OSOD) has emerged as a contemporary research direction to address the detection of unknown objects. Recently, few works have achieved remarkable performance in the OSOD task by employing contrastive clustering to separate unknown classes. In contrast, we propose a new semantic clustering-based approach to facilitate a meaningful alignment of clusters in semantic space and introduce a class decorrelation module to enhance inter-cluster separation. Our approach further incorporates an object focus module to predict objectness scores, which enhances the detection of unknown objects. Further, we employ i) an evaluation technique that penalizes low-confidence outputs to mitigate the risk of misclassification of the unknown objects and ii) a new metric called HMP that combines known and unknown precision using harmonic mean. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed model achieves significant improvement on the MS-COCO & PASCAL VOC dataset for the OSOD task.
Flexible Timing Simulation of Multiple-Cache Configurations

As the gap between processor and memory speeds increases, cache performance becomes more critical to overall system performance. Behavioral cache simulation is typically used early in the design cycle of new processor/cache configurations to determine the performance of proposed cache configurations on target workloads. However, behavioral cache simulation does not account for the latency seen by each memory access. The Latency-Effects (LE) cache model presented in this paper accounts this nominal latency as well as the additional latencies due to trailing-edge effects, bus width considerations, port conflicts, and the number of outstanding accesses that a cache allows before it blocks. We also extend the LE cache model to handle the latency effects of moving data among multiple caches. mlcache, a new, easily configurable and extensible tool, has been built based on the extended LE model. We show the use of mlcache in estimating the performance of traditional and novel cache configurations, including odd/even, 2-level, Assist, Victim, and NTS caches. We also show how the LE cache timing model provides more useful, realistic performance estimates than other possible behavioral-level cache timing models.
On the Design of Optimal Training Sequence for Bi-Directional Relay Networks

In this letter, the problem of training sequence design in a bi-directional relay network is investigated. The two nodes, Tx1 and Tx2, communicate with each other via a relay (RL). The RL receives the signals that are transmitted simultaneously from both nodes and then broadcasts the superposition back to the two nodes. Single carrier cyclic prefix (SCCP) is deployed in the transmission from the two nodes and the RL as well for combating intersymbol interference (ISI). We are interested in the channel estimation problem in this scenario. We propose a design of training sequences from two nodes to minimize the mean-square error (MSE) of the channel estimation according to zero forcing (ZF) criterion. We do not separate the links between each node to RL but incorporate them into the composite channels. Simulation results show that our design performance suffers only 1-dB loss in terms of bit-error rate (BER) as compared to the case with perfect channel information.
COCO-P ERIPH : B RIDGING THE G AP B ETWEEN H UMAN AND M ACHINE P ERCEPTION IN THE P ERIPHERY

Evaluating deep neural networks (DNNs) as models of human perception has given rich insights into both human visual processing and representational properties of DNNs. We extend this work by analyzing how well DNNs perform compared to humans when constrained by peripheral vision – which limits human performance on a variety of tasks, but also benefits the visual system significantly. We evaluate this by (1) modifying the texture tiling model (TTM), a well tested model of peripheral vision, to be more flexibly used with DNNs, (2) generating a large dataset which we call COCO-Periph that contains images transformed to capture the information available in human peripheral vision, and (3) comparing DNNs to humans at peripheral object detection using a psychophysics experiment. Our results show that common DNNs underperform at object detection compared to humans when simulating peripheral vision with TTM. Training on COCO-Periph begins to reduce the gap between human and DNN performance and leads to small increases in corruption robustness, but DNNs still struggle to capture human-like sensitivity to peripheral clutter. Our work brings us closer to accurately modeling human vision, and paves the way for DNNs to mimic and sometimes benefit from properties of human visual processing.
Using models to inform the field community: Far-field sea level data applications

References Andersen, M.B. , Stirling, C.H. , Potter, E. -K. , Halliday, A.N. , Blake, S.G. , McCulloch, M.T. , Ayling, B.F. and O'Leary, M. 2008: High-precision U-series measurements of more than 500,000 year old fossil corals, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 265: 229-245. Gallup, C.D. , Edwards, R.L. and Johnson, R.G. 1994: The timing of high sea levels over the past 200,000 years, Science, 263: 796-800. Potter, E. -K. , Esat, T.M. , Schellmann, G. , Radtke, U. , Lambeck, K. and McCulloch, M.T. 2004: Suborbital-period sea-level oscillations during marine isotope substages 5a and 5c, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 225(1-2): 191-204. Scholz, D. and Mangini, A. 2007: How precise are U-series coral ages? Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 71: 1935-1948. Thompson, W.G. , Spiegelman, M.W. , Goldstein, S.L. and Speed, R.C. 2003: An open-system model for the U-series age determinations of fossil corals, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 210: 365-381.
History of “Lacunar Infarction”

: The concept of lacunar infarction has evolved over the last 200 years, from the ﬁrst neuropathological observations to the current deﬁnition based on neuroimaging. In this chapter, the historical evolution of the deﬁnition of lacunar infarcts is reviewed, from the ﬁrst original description by Amédée Dechambre to the detailed studies by Maxime Durand-Fardel and Virchow. The evolution of the pathogenetic and the etiological considerations from those of Binswanger, Alzheimer, and Pierre Marie to the memorable work of C. Miller Fisher is also revised. The critics of the lacunar hypothesis and the modern neuroimaging aspects are also considered.
Tectónica alpina, neotectónica y sismotectónica en la terminación occidental de los relieves cantábricos (noroeste del macizo ibérico). Marco tectónico de las crisis sísmicas de luego

Los relieves generados por las estructuras tectonicas responsables del Orogeno Pirenaico tienen su terminacion en el noroeste de la Peninsula Iberica. Esta region forma parte del Macizo Iberico y se caracteriza por tratarse de terrenos polideformados y fracturados durante la Orogenia Varisca, con escaso y disperso registro terciario. Todo ello dificulta el reconocimiento y estudio de la actividad tectonica cenozoica. Este estudio ha sido abordado en esta Tesis, habiendose desarrollado para ello una nueva metodologia para este tipo de regiones. Para ello se han adaptado tecnicas del analisis morfotectonico, estructural, de termocronologia de huellas de fision, gravimetrico y sedimentario. De esta manera se ha reconocido la geometria, cinematica y evolucion de las principales estructuras con actividad cenozoica en esta zona. La tectonica pineraica que se genera durante el choque de la placa iberica y la Euroasiatica, se registra en la zona de estudio durante el Eoceno y Oligoceno por medio de fallas de desgarre sinestral NNE-ESSO y sedimentacion distal de abanicos aluviales. Esta actividad tectonica continua durante todo el Neogeno, produciendo cabalgamientos que elevan los principales relieves de la terminacion occidental de la Cordillera Cantabrica (Sierra de Ancares) por medio de una estructura tipo pop-up. Con posterioridad, y relacionado, no ya con la colision de la placa iberica con la Euroasiatica, sino con la colision con la Africana y dentro de una tectonica intraplaca, se generan los cabalgamientos vergentes al NO-NNO, que elevan los Montes Galaico-Leoneses y la Sierra del Caurel. Estas estructuras cabalgan los depositos mas modernos del Terciario siendo las responsables de la segmentacion y disposicion actual de las cuencas terciarias de El Bierzo, O Barco de Valdeoras y Quiroga. Esta actividad tectonica continua hasta la actualidad y se refleja en la actividad sismica que se registra en Lugo. La crisis s
Assessing the Accuracy of Volunteered Geographic Information arising from Multiple Contributors to an Internet Based Collaborative Project

The recent rise of neogeography and citizen sensing has increased the opportunities for the use of crowdsourcing as a means to acquire data to support geographical research. The value of the resulting volunteered geographic information is, however, often limited by concerns associated with its quality and the degree to which the contributing data sources may be trusted. Here, information on the quality of sources of volunteered geographic information was derived using a latent class analysis. The volunteered information was on land cover interpreted visually from satellite sensor images and the main focus was on the labeling of 299 sites by seven of the 65 volunteers who contributed to an Internet‐based collaborative project. Using the information on land cover acquired by the multiple volunteers it was shown that the relative, but not absolute, quality of the data from different volunteers could be characterized accurately. Additionally, class‐specific variations in the quality of the information provided by a single volunteer could be characterized by the analysis. The latent class analysis, therefore, was able to provide information on the quality of information provided on an inter‐ and intra‐volunteer basis.