Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transfer Function Compensation in Gyroscope-Free Inertial Measurement Units for Accurate Angular Motion Sensing

Gyroscope-free inertial measurement units have been gaining popularity in applications such as motion sensing of handheld microsurgical instruments. Various accelerometer placement configurations have been proposed in the past. However, the effect of nonidentical transfer functions of accelerometers on the accuracy of angular motion sensing has been underestimated and never been taken into consideration. In this letter, significant effect of different phases at different accelerometer outputs due to nonidentical transfer functions on the accuracy is highlighted, and a method is proposed to make the transfer functions of all the accelerometers identical. Effectiveness of the method is confirmed with an experiment using ADXL-203 accelerometers.
Inside Egypt: The Land of the Pharaohs on the Brink of a Revolution (review)

of Egyptian permanence and authenticity, as having the truest understanding of rural conditions, and simultaneously as capable of acquiring “civilized” ‘afandi ways. By the early 20 century yet other images took shape: those of the peasant representing genuine Egyptian values and virtues and of peasantry and elite as part of the same purposeful national collective, “a single people with a unitary fate” (p. 191). Thus evolving images of the peasantry played a central role in the consolidation of a firm sense of Egyptian national identity. Woven through these chapters discussing representations of the fallah is an equally important theme. Repeatedly, the study demonstrates the presence and relevance of Islamic modernist thought in Egyptian reformist literature of the period. The concept of the necessity of a balance between the extremes of rigid adherence to past patterns and blind imitation of the West, initially articulated by Jamal al-Din al-Afghani and promoted thereafter by his disciples, is shown to have resonated through elite representations of themselves as well as through their views regarding peasant conditions and agricultural reform. On the one hand, ‘afandi understandings of their own leading role in society combined ideas of personal rights, national duties, and Muslim virtue in a self-representation that was simultaneously religious and modern; on the other, their writings on the peasant and his condition viewed agricultural reform not merely in terms of technological improvements made for the good of the nation, but also as a moral obligation imposed by Islam. This revisionist interpretation of modern Egyptian intellectual history is convincingly demonstrated in the texts selected for analysis. Whether these texts tell the whole story of the reformist thought of the later 19 and early 20 centuries is another question. The study deals only briefly with a few writers of the period whom it acknowledges as secularists (i.e., the discussion of Shibli and Amin Shumayyil on p. 168), and makes only passing reference to leading intellectual journals of the era such as al-Hilal or al-Muqtataf. Although the work states that it treats the period from the later 1870s to the Egyptian revolution of 1919, it draws on only a few writings of the decade from 1908 to 1918, when influential writers such as Ahmad Lutfi al-Sayyid and Salama Musa and avant-garde journals such as alSufur articulated their vision of the nation. A fuller examination of the concepts of the peasantry, reform, and the nation expressed in this fruitful decade of intellectual production would have been useful both for understanding the place of the peasant in Egyptian national consciousness, and for comprehending the respective importance of religious versus secular strands in modern Egyptian thought.
Proinflammatory cytokines in Egyptian elderly with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background: The pulmonary component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lung to noxious particles or gases. Hypothesis: The levels of the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP), in elderly patients suffering from COPD are increased. Settings and Design: A case control study involving 90 elderly participants from the outpatient clinics of Ain Shams University hospitals. Materials and Methods: The 90 subjects were subdivided into three equal groups ’ group I (control), group II (patients with COPD), and group III (patients with COPD and cardiovascular complications). Comprehensive clinical assessment, pulmonary functions, and echocardiography were performed. The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and CRP were measured in the patients’ serum and compared. Statistical analysis: SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 10. Results: IL1-βand CRP were significantly higher in the third group than the first group (P <0.05). There was a similar significant difference between the second and third group as regards IL1-βand CRP (P < 0.05). Positive significant correlation between CRP and TNF-α with stage of COPD according to FEV1 (P <0.05) were found. Conclusions: Complicated cases of COPD had higher levels of IL1-β and CRP and the more severe the cases, the higher the levels of CRPand TNF-α.
Modulation of c‐Met signaling and cellular sensitivity to radiation

The c‐Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor and its family members are known to promote cancer cell migration and invasion. Signaling within and beyond this pathway contributes to the systemic spread of metastases through induction of the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, a process also implicated in mediating resistance to current anticancer therapies, including radiation. Induction of c‐Met has also been observed after irradiation, suggesting that c‐Met participates in radiation‐induced disease progression through the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition. Therefore, c‐Met inhibition is an attractive target for potentially mitigating radiation resistance. This article summarizes key findings regarding crosstalk between radiotherapy and c‐Met and discusses studies performed to date in which c‐Met inhibition was used as a strategy to increase cellular radiosensitivity. Cancer 2013. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Endothelial cell-associated platelet-activating factor: a novel mechanism for signaling intercellular adhesion

The binding of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes [PMNs]) to endothelial cells (ECs) presents special requirements in the regulation of intercellular adhesion. ECs that are stimulated by certain agonists, including thrombin and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1), generate molecular signals that induce the adhesion of PMNs (endothelial cell-dependent neutrophil adhesion). Our experiments demonstrate that the mechanism of binding induced by thrombin is distinct from that induced by the cytokines based on the time courses, the requirement for protein synthesis, and differential binding of HL60 promyelocytic leukemia cells to ECs activated by the two classes of agonists. The rapid EC-dependent PMN adhesion (initiated in minutes) that occurs when the ECs are stimulated by thrombin is temporally coupled with the accumulation of platelet-activating factor, a biologically active phosphoglyceride that remains associated with ECs and that activates PMNs by binding to a cell surface receptor. A portion of the newly synthesized platelet-activating factor (PAF) is on the EC surface, as demonstrated by experiments in which the rate of hydrolysis of PAF synthesized by activated ECs was accelerated by extracellular PAF acetylhydrolase. When ECs were treated with exogenous PAF they became adhesive for PMNs; the PMN binding was prevented by incubating the ECs with PAF acetylhydrolase or by treating the PMNs with competitive PAF receptor antagonists. Thus PAF associated with the EC plasma membrane induces PMN binding, an observation supported by experiments in which PAF in model membranes (liposomes) stimulated rapid PMN adhesion to ECs and to cell-free surfaces. In addition, competitive antagonists of the PAF receptor inhibited the binding of PMNs to ECs activated by thrombin and other rapidly acting agonists, but not to ECs activated by tumor necrosis factor alpha, indicating that PAF that is endogenously synthesized by ECs can mediate neutrophil adhesion. These experiments demonstrate a novel mechanism by which a cell-associated phospholipid, PAF, can serve as a signal for an intercellular adhesive event.
Symmetric bimanual interaction

We present experimental work that explores the factors governing symmetric bimanual interaction in a two-handed task that requires the user to track a pair of targets, one target with each hand. A symmetric bimanual task is a two-handed task in which each hand is assigned an identical role. In this context, we explore three main experimental factors. We vary the distance between the pair of targets to track: as the targets become further apart, visual diversion increases, forcing the user to divide attention between the two targets. We also vary the demands of the task by using both a slow and a fast tracking speed. Finally, we explore visual integration of sub-tasks: in one condition, the two targets to track are connected by a line segment which visually links the targets, while in the other condition there is no connecting line. Our results indicate that all three experimental factors affect the degree of parallelism, which we quantify using a new metric of bimanual parallelism. However, differences in tracking error between the two hands are affected only by the visual integration factor.
A Simple Technique to Evaluate Model Sensitivity in the Continual Reassessment Method

Summary. The continual reassessment method (CRM) is a sequential design used in phase I cancer trials to determine the maximal dose with acceptable toxicity. It has been established that the CRM is consistent under model misspecification but not generally. When the method does not converge to the target percentile, some dose‐response models will be more sensitive than others in terms of how close the converged recommendation is to the target. In this article, we interpret the main condition under which the CRM is consistent and apply it to evaluate the sensitivity of the model used with the CRM. The technique presented is found to be a useful supplement to simulation when planning a phase I trial.
Lettura digitale vs lettura tradizionale: implicazioni cognitive e stato della ricerca

L’obiettivo del presente lavoro e quello di fare il punto su quanto emerge dalla letteratura di taglio empirico-sperimentale sulle difficolta di comprensione relative alla lettura del testo digitale, in rapporto alle difficolta che si presentano di fronte al testo tradizionale con particolare riferimento a lettori novizi. Ci si chiede se la lettura di un libro elettronico comporti maggiori (o minori) difficolta rispetto a quella di un testo stampato. Nella prima parte del lavoro viene presentato l’oggetto di studio; nella seconda parte vengono passate in rassegna le ricerche attraverso un’analisi della letteratura evidence based; nella terza, e ultima parte, si trae qualche conclusione dai dati emersi.
Sustained clinical benefits of glatiramer acetate in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients observed for 6 years

In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, glatiramer acetate (Copaxone®) reduced the relapse rate and slowed accumulation of disability for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Of the original 251 patients randomized to receive glatiramer acetate or placebo, 208 chose to continue in an open-label study with all patients receiving active drug. The majority of the original double-blind cohort continues to receive glatiramer acetate by daily subcutaneous injection and are evaluated at 6-month intervals and during suspected relapse. The data reported here are from approximately 6 years of organized evaluation, including the double-blind phase of up to 35 months and the open-label phase of over 36 months. Daily subcutaneous injections of 20 mg glatiramer acetate were well tolerated. The mean annual relapse rate of the patients who received glatiramer acetate since randomization and continued into the open-label study was 0.42 (95% confidence interval (CI), CI=0.34-0.51). The rate per year has continued to drop and for the sixth year is 0.23. Of the group who have received glatiramer acetate without interruption for 5 or more years, 69.3% were neurologically unchanged or have improved from baseline by at least one step on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Patients who left the open-label phase were surveyed by questionnaire. The majority responded, providing information about their current status and reasons for dropping out. This study demonstrates the sustained efficacy of glatiramer acetate in reducing the relapse rate and in slowing the accumulation of disability in patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis.
Optimization of the design for a switched reluctance drive controlled by trapezoidal shaped currents

This papers deals with an original way to optimize the pre-designing of a switched reluctance motor (SRM). The analytic equations are treated to make the complete design depend only on two parameters. Particular attention is paid to high rotational speeds and the hypotheses they induce on the design. The hypothesis of a current control is assumed and the methodology tackles the design problem through the angle of the power electronics constraints. The specific problem set by the trapezoidal current shape is highlighted, as much as the direct constraints induced on the motor shape design. Mechanical and thermal limitations, modeled in function of the main material characteristics are deterministically taken into account. An optimization is finally performed, reducing the losses of the motor in terms of the mere lasting parameter.
Non-invasive ventilation – Frequently asked questions

1. When is non-invasive ventilation indicated? There is strong evidence that non-invasive ventilation should be used for the initial management of acute respiratory failure in patients with exacerbated COPD, acute pulmonary edema, disorders with concomitant immunosuppression as well as to facilitate extubation in patients with COPD who have failed weaning attempts[1]. In postoperative patients, non-invasive ventilation should be considered both as a prophylactic and as a therapeutic tool for improving gas exchange[2]. Administration of non-invasive ventilation is also recommended in palliative care for hypercapnic and pulmonary edema patients[3]. In properly selected and monitored patients, non-invasive ventilation should be considered for the treatment of asthma, do-not-intubate (DNI) patients, hypoxemic respiratory failure and weaning failure[1]. For patients who do not demonstrate a favorable initial response to non-invasive ventilation, intubation without delay should be strongly considered[1].
INHERITED MUSCLE AND NERVE DISEASES IN MICE: A TABULATION WITH COMMENTARY *

Although this mutation occurred in the WK/Re strain, it appears to be available now only congenic with C57BL/6J. The only study of dy and dy2J on the same genetic background (C57BL/6J) describes some differences be- tween the two phenotypes but emphasizes the ~imilarities. ~ Other studies, re- viewed elsewhere in this monograph, involve more detailed analyses of the phenotypes but do not utilize a common genetic background. We know of no investigation that has been made on the dy/dy2J phenotype.
Ruh Sağliği Çalişmalarinda Yeni Bir Psikososyal Değişken: Eylemlilik A New Psychosocial Variable in Mental Health Studies: Agency

OZET Eylemlilik, kisinin yasaminin yonune iliskin sorumluluk duygusu, yasami icin sorumluluk almasi, kisinin yasami ile ilgili kararlari kontrol edebilme ve bun- larin sorumlulugunu alma konusundaki inanci ve yasamdaki engellerle bas etmede ve sectigi yasam yonunde ilerlemeye iliskin guveni olarak tanimlan- maktadir. Eylemlilik, oz saygi, yasam amaclari, oz-yeterlilik ve ic denetim odagi olmak uzere dort psikolojik yapinin birlesiminden olusan ust bir psiko- lojik yapidir. Literaturde, eylemlilik konusunda oldukca farkli aciklamalar oldugu dikkati cekmektedir. Bu durumun nedeni, kavrama sosyologlar ve psikologlar tarafindan farkli anlamlar yuklenmesi olabilir. Eylemlilik konusuy- la ilgili hem yurtdisindaki hem de Turkiye'deki arastirmalar diger psikososyal calisma konularina gore nispeten azdir. Turkiye'de yapilacak calismalarda eylemlilik diger bir psikososyal degisken olarak dikkate alinmalidir. Anahtar Sozcukler: eylemlilik, kisisel eylemlilik, bireylesme, eylemli kisilik ABSTRACT The term agency has been defined as a sense of responsibility for one's life course, the belief that one is in control of one's decisions and is responsible for their outcomes, and the confidence that one will be able to overcome obstacles that impede one's progress along one's chosen life course. Agency is an upper psychological structure which consists of self-esteem, purpose in life, self-efficacy (ego strength), and internal locus of control. Literature offers quite different explanations for agency concept. The reason of this situation may be the attribution of different meanings to the concept by psychologists and sociologists. When considering the agency literature in Turkey and other countries, it can be said that the number of studies on agency subject is lower than the number of studies on other psychosocial study subjects. Agency
Key-component Detection on 3D Meshes using Local Features

In this paper, we present a method to detect stable components on 3D meshes. A component is a region on the mesh which contains discriminative local features. Our goal is to represent a 3D mesh with a set of regions, which we called key-components, that characterize the represented object and therefore, they could be used for effective matching and recognition. As key-components are features in coarse scales, they are less sensitive to mesh deformations such as noise. In addition, the number of key-components is low compared to other local representations such as keypoints, allowing us to use them in efficient subsequent tasks. An desirable characteristic of a decomposition is that the components should be repeatable regardless shape transformations. We show in the experiments that the key-components are repeatable under several transformations using the SHREC'2010 feature detection benchmark.
Identifying the integrated neural networks involved in capsaicin-induced pain using fMRI in awake TRPV1 knockout and wild-type rats

In the present study, we used functional MRI in awake rats to investigate the pain response that accompanies intradermal injection of capsaicin into the hindpaw. To this end, we used BOLD imaging together with a 3D segmented, annotated rat atlas and computational analysis to identify the integrated neural circuits involved in capsaicin-induced pain. The specificity of the pain response to capsaicin was tested in a transgenic model that contains a biallelic deletion of the gene encoding for the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1). Capsaicin is an exogenous ligand for the TRPV1 receptor, and in wild-type rats, activated the putative pain neural circuit. In addition, capsaicin-treated wild-type rats exhibited activation in brain regions comprising the Papez circuit and habenular system, systems that play important roles in the integration of emotional information, and learning and memory of aversive information, respectively. As expected, capsaicin administration to TRPV1-KO rats failed to elicit the robust BOLD activation pattern observed in wild-type controls. However, the intradermal injection of formalin elicited a significant activation of the putative pain pathway as represented by such areas as the anterior cingulate, somatosensory cortex, parabrachial nucleus, and periaqueductal gray. Notably, comparison of neural responses to capsaicin in wild-type vs. knock-out rats uncovered evidence that capsaicin may function in an antinociceptive capacity independent of TRPV1 signaling. Our data suggest that neuroimaging of pain in awake, conscious animals has the potential to inform the neurobiological basis of full and integrated perceptions of pain.
Intellectual Property and Contract Law for the Information Age: Foreword to a Symposium

Copyright © 1999 Pamela Samuelson. t Professor of Law and of Information Management, University of California, Berkeley. The Articles and Comments contained in this Symposium were presented at a conference entitled "Intellectual Property and Contract Law for the Information Age: The Impact of Article 2B of the Uniform Commercial Code on the Future of Information and Commerce. " The Conference was convened by the Berkeley Center for Law & Technology, and it took place at the University of California, Berkeley, on April 23-25, 1998. I wish to give special thanks to Laurel Jamtgaard, Mark A. Lemley, and Pat Murphy for their critically important roles in organizing the Conference. I am also deeply grateful both to the John and Mary R. Markle Foundation and to Wilson, Sonsini, Goodrich & Rosati for their generous support of the Conference; to the speakers at the Conference who provided so much food for thought; to the volunteers who did so much to get out information about the Conference and otherwise make the event go smoothly; and to the editors of the California Law Review and the Berkeley Technology Law Journal for their cooperation and support of the Conference, and for making the written Symposium a product of which we can all be proud. I also wish to thank my research assistant Peter Huang for his invaluable assistance in preparing this Foreword. 1. As of this writing, the most recent draft of Article 2B is dated August 1, 1998. [All versions of Article 2B are available on the Internet. See National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, Drafts of Uniform and Model Acts Official Site (last modified Sept. 2, 1998) . The Official Site offers the Article 2B drafts in several file formats, among which the pagination is inconsistent. In this Foreword and throughout this issue of the California Law Review, page references are to the pages as they are numbered in the Acrobat PDF file format. Only the prefaces to the drafts are cited by page number; all other material
Backhaul-constrained resource optimization for distributed femtocell interference mitigation

Femtocell base stations (FBSs) have been widely considered in the next generation cellular systems to enhance spectrum efficiency, but macro-femto and femto-femto interferences are still challenging issues to solve. In this paper, we consider the backhaul interface of FBSs to be home broadband connection (such as ADSL and optical fiber) with capacity lower than the air interface, and propose a novel resource optimization for FBSs to mitigate both the macro-femto and femto-femto interferences. First, the user rate requirements are normalized according to the backhaul capacity. Then, the total spectrum utilized by FBSs is minimized to alleviate the macro-femto interference. To reduce the femto-femto interference, we integrate the Gibbs sampler into the resource optimization to make each FBS select the frequency bands which have lower probability to introduce interference. Via sophisticated simulations based on the 3GPP femtocell evaluation scenario, the resource optimization is demonstrated to be effective and ready for LTE-A.