Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A preliminary analysis of vocabulary in mobile app user reviews

Online software distribution channels such as Apple Inc.'s App Store and Google Inc.'s Google Play provide a platform for third-party app distribution. These online stores feature a public review system, allowing users to express opinions regarding purchased apps. These reviews can influence product-purchasing decisions via polarised sentiment (1 to 5 stars) and user expressed opinion. For developers, reviews are a user-facing crowd-sourced indicator of app quality. Hence, high ratings and positive reviews affect the viability of an app's commercial feasibility. However, it is less clear what information is contained within these reviews, and more importantly, if an analysis of these reviews can inform developers of design priorities as opposed to just influencing purchasing decisions. We analysed 8.7 million reviews from 17,330 apps on the App Store and found that the most frequently used words in user reviews lean toward expressions of sentiment despite employment of only approximately 37% of the words within the English language dictionary. Furthermore, the range of words used to express negative opinions is significantly higher than when positive sentiments are expressed.
An Analysis of Leadership Within the Social Work Profession

This article presents the results of a study investigating how individuals currently in leadership positions within the Council on Social Work Education and the National Association of Social Workers perceive social work leadership. A random sample of 75 deans and directors and 75 executive directors and presidents were selected to participate in a telephone survey employing an eight-item, open-ended questionnaire. The findings define leadership within the social work profession and describe social work leadership as different from other professions. The participants identified essential skills for social work leaders and articulated a mission for social work leadership in the 21st century.
Loss Analysis of Low-Voltage TLNPC Step-Up Converters

Power losses in high-efficiency dc-dc step up converters based on the synchronous three-level neutral-point-clamped (TLNPC) configuration were investigated. TLNPC converters benefit from the reduced stress on components and from the noninsulated stacked-boost output stage to provide reduced power losses and large voltage gains. Several prototypes with increasing efficiency were produced and tested; voltage gains larger than 20× were achieved by means of hard-switched prototypes with composite switches consisting of both low-Rds(ON) and highspeed MOSFETs. At lower voltage gains conversion efficiencies exceeding 98% were demonstrated. A thorough loss analysis is reported, extended to subtle power dissipation processes, which in high efficiency converters grow in relevance after weakening of the major loss mechanisms. The related model is proven capable to accurately predict circuit performance in a wide range of operating conditions.
Frequency-Reactive Power Optimization Strategy of Grid-forming Offshore Wind Farm Using DRU-HVDC Transmission

The diode rectifier unit-based high voltage direct current (DRU-HVDC) transmission with grid-forming (GFM) wind turbine is becoming a promising scheme for offshore wind farm(OWF) integration due to its high reliability and low cost. In this scheme, the AC network of the OWF and the DRU has completely different synchronization mechanisms and power flow characteristics from the traditional power system. To optimize the power flow and reduce the net loss, this paper carries out the power flow modeling and optimization analysis for the DRU-HVDC transmission system with grid-forming OWFs. The influence of the DRU and the GFM wind turbines on the power flow of the system is analyzed. On this basis, improved constraint conditions are proposed and an optimal power flow (OPF) method is established. This method can minimize the power loss by adjusting the reactive power output of each wind turbine and internal network frequency. Finally, based on MATLAB, this paper uses YALMIP toolkit and CPLEX mathematical solver to realize the programming solution of the OPF model proposed in this paper. The results show that the proposed optimization strategy can effectively reduce the power loss of the entire OWF and the transmission system with an optimization ratio of network losses exceeding 25.3%.
A top-down approach to VoD traffic transmission over DiffServ domain using AF PHB class

Based on the differentiated services (DiffServ, [S. Blake, et al., December 1998]) model we develop implementation-ready transmission service for video-on-demand (VoD) traffic. In order to satisfy the demands of real-time nature of VoD traffic we propose to use assured forwarding (AF, [B. Davie, et al., March 2002]) per-hop behavior (PHB) group. We provide specific traffic profile parameters which adequately fit to VoD traffic requirements. Using these parameters and AF PHB class we show how to construct a well-defined transmission service that is suitable for VoD traffic delivery. Our service is analytically tractable. It means that using the quality of service (QoS) parameters which should be provided to VoD traffic we can evaluate the required capacity not only within the DiffServ ingress node, but within the interior nodes too. Our transmission service is designed in such way that it is fully characterized by the parameters of DiffServ ingress node, bounds the losses and delay along the path of behavior aggregate and allows us to predict the QoS degradation which can be experienced by both behavior aggregate and single microflows.
[Frequent somatic mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene and its meaning in sporadic human renal clear cell carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the mutation of VHL gene, an important tumor suppressor gene in primary sporadic human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and analyse its relationships with pathological stage and grade of renal cell carcinoma. METHODS We analyzed 57 cases of primary sporadic Chinese renal clear carcinoma using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC). All positive cases in DHPLC analysis were further characterized by direct sequencing. RESULTS Somatic mutations were detected in 30 (53%) of 57 clear cell renal carcinomas including 13 deletions, 2 insertions, and 15 missense mutations. These mutations mainly occurred in the last one-third region of exon 1, 2,and 3. CONCLUSION VHL tumor suppressor gene is one of the major tumor suppressor genes in human renal cell carcinoma and there are frequent mutations of VHL in primary sporadic Chinese renal clear cell carcinomas. The mutations of VHL gene were irrespective of the age and pathological grade and stage of patients.
Md. Nazmus Sadekin Toxoplasmosis and Its Current Status in Ethiopia: A Review

Toxoplasmosis is one of most important worldwide zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular, protozoan parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii. It is transmitted to humans by accidental ingestion of oocyst after cleaning an infected cat's litter box, accidental ingestion of oocyst with water and consumption of raw meat containing cyst causing fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, pulmonary and multivisceral abnormality and encephalitis. The aim of this systemic review is to make a comprehensive document on prevalence and current status of toxoplasmosis in Ethiopia. Cats are definitive host for Toxoplasmosis but cattle, sheep and goat, poultary, pig and camel are reservior host and facilitate the transmission of this disease to human. Toxoplasmosis common in Ethiopia and high prevalence is reported yet routine studies are needed to now accurate prevalence. Therefore, more studies in different geographical areas should be performed to design and implement appropriate intervention measures. Keywords: Toxoplasma, Toxoplasma gondii, obligate intracellular
Effect of ruboxistaurin in patients with diabetic macular edema: thirty-month results of the randomized PKC-DMES clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of orally administered ruboxistaurin (RBX) as a mesylate salt in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). DESIGN Multicenter, double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled study of 686 patients receiving placebo or RBX orally (4, 16, or 32 mg/d) for 30 months. At baseline, patients had DME farther than 300 mum from the center of the macula, an Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study retinopathy severity level from 20 to 47A without prior photocoagulation, and an Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study visual acuity of 75 or more letters in the study eye. The primary study outcome was progression to sight-threatening DME or application of focal/grid photocoagulation for DME. Main Outcome Measure Masked grading of stereoscopic fundus photographs. RESULTS The delay in progression to the primary outcome was not statistically significant (32 mg of RBX vs placebo, P = .14 [unadjusted]; Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for covariates, hazards ratio = 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.53-1.0; P = .06). However, application of focal/grid photocoagulation prior to progression to sight-threatening DME varied by site, and a secondary analysis of progression to sight-threatening DME alone showed that 32 mg of RBX per day reduced progression, compared with placebo (P = .054 [unadjusted]; Cox proportional hazards model, hazards ratio = 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.93; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS Although progression to the primary outcome was not delayed, daily oral administration of RBX may delay progression of DME to a sight-threatening stage. Ruboxistaurin was well tolerated in this study.
Learning Language the Hard Way

This paper analyses and discusses the speech of Vincent, a hearing child of deaf parents who acquired sign language as his first language. When exposed to spoken language, his progress was slow and abnormal. He utilised a number of grammatical devices which may have come from sign language, such as reduplication, copying around, doubling, and afterthought. These were imposed on a fixed kernel sentence which attributed more importance to form than to semantic relations. The possible reasons for this abnormal development are put forward, and their implications discussed.
Fast Iterative Solution of Reaction-Diffusion Control Problems Arising from Chemical Processes

PDE-constrained optimization problems, and the development of preconditioned iterative methods for the efficient solution of the arising matrix systems, is a field of numerical analysis that has recently been attracting much attention. In this paper, we analyze and develop preconditioners for matrix systems that arise from the optimal control of reaction-diffusion equations, which themselves result from chemical processes. Important aspects of our solvers are saddle point theory, mass matrix representation, and effective Schur complement approximation, as well as the incorporation of control constraints and application of the outer (Newton) iteration to take into account the nonlinearity of the underlying PDEs.
Invertrons, a class of structurally and functionally related genetic elements that includes linear DNA plasmids, transposable elements, and genomes of adeno-type viruses

Invertrons are genetic elements composed of DNA with inverted terminal repeats at both ends, covalently bonded to terminal proteins involved in the initiation of DNA replication at both their 5' termini when they exist in the cytoplasm of their host in free form. They function as viruses, linear DNA plasmids, transposable elements, and sometimes combinations of two of these properties. They differ from retroviruses and related retro-type transposons which have direct repeats on both their genomic ends and exploit RNA intermediates for replication of their DNA. A model for replication and integration of invertrons is presented, as well as a model for transposition of transposable elements.
On the capacity of MIMO Wiener phase-noise channels

The capacity of multiple-antenna systems affected by Wiener phase noise is investigated. We present a non-asymptotic capacity upper bound that is shown to be tight in the large-SNR regime. The capacity upper bound is compared with a lower bound obtained by evaluating numerically the information rates achievable with QAM constellations. For a Wiener phase-noise process with standard deviation of the phase increments equal to 6°, our results suggest that QAM constellations incur a penalty of more than 3 dB for medium/high SNR values.
Coherent insulator at arbitrary frequency in a driven atomtronic transistor

We use numerical approach to study non-equilibrium transport of atomic gas in a driven optical lattice atomtronic transistor. The shaken optical lattice transistor displays a property of insulator within some regions of shaking frequency and shaking strength. It is proved that appearance of the insulation is directly connected to coherence of the system. Coherence of the system is accompanied by coherent trapping of non-equilibrium atomic gas in one of the optical wells, which stops atomic currents. Comparing with the effective Hamiltonian approach in Floquet engineering, the time-dependent Hamiltonian approach could be used in any frequency regime of periodically driven quantum system.
Curricular and Professional Authority in Schools

Years ago, in a chapter addressing the uncertainties embedded in the processes of curriculum development and implementation, Walter Werner (1991) described the “divergence” between the planned curriculum and the enacted one, which he called “curriculum-in-use. ” The significant discrepancy between the two, Werner argued, is at least partly caused by the role and actions of teachers and influenced heavily by their personal and professional beliefs and values. This point, which now may seem rather obvious, I suggest has wider implications relating to issues of authority, both curricular and professional. I am using the term “curricular authority” to denote the legitimacy of what Werner would identify as the planned curriculum. It may relate to formalized and standardized curricular guidelines and objectives or less formal initiatives designed to promote student learning, such as schoolbased pilot projects or experimental components infused into the officially sanctioned curriculum. Authority is derived from the inherent defensibility of the curriculum itself. It is not unlike Hansen’s description of the authority invested in an “academic discipline or subject, often expressed in the form of textbooks containing bodies of authorized knowledge to which teachers and students must hearken and rightfully so if the textbook is crafted responsibly” (Hansen, 2006, p. 180). Teachers, then, by virtue of their role and position, are expected to honour the intent of curricular authority in their classroom-based and school-based interactions with the students for whom the curricular initiatives are intended. On the other hand, professional authority is located not within the parameters of those curriculum expectations usually defined by forces external to the teacher, but rather within the teacher’s own capacity to exercise curricular and pedagogical knowledge with discretion, judgement, and proficiency. To cite Hansen (2006) again, “professional authority [is]
Calcium Dynamics in Cortical Astrocytes and Arterioles During Neurovascular Coupling

Neuronal activity in the brain is thought to be coupled to cerebral arterioles (functional hyperemia) through Ca2+ signals in astrocytes. Although functional hyperemia occurs rapidly, within seconds, such rapid signaling has not been demonstrated in situ, and Ca2+ measurements in parenchymal arterioles are still lacking. Using a laser scanning confocal microscope and fluorescence Ca2+ indicators, we provide the first evidence that in a brain slice preparation, increased neuronal activity by electrical stimulation (ES) is rapidly signaled, within seconds, to cerebral arterioles and is associated with astrocytic Ca2+ waves. Smooth muscle cells in parenchymal arterioles exhibited Ca2+ and diameter oscillations (“vasomotion”) that were rapidly suppressed by ES. The neuronal-mediated Ca2+ rise in cortical astrocytes was dependent on intracellular (inositol trisphosphate [IP3]) and extracellular voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel sources. The Na+ channel blocker tetrodotoxin prevented the rise in astrocytic [Ca2+]i and the suppression of Ca2+ oscillations in parenchymal arterioles to ES, indicating that neuronal activity was necessary for both events. Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors in astrocytes significantly decreased the frequency of Ca2+ oscillations in parenchymal arterioles. This study supports the concept that astrocytic Ca2+ changes signal the cerebral microvasculature and indicate the novel concept that this communication occurs through the suppression of arteriolar [Ca2+]i oscillations and corresponding vasomotion. The full text of this article is available online at http://circres.ahajournals. org.
Molecular and cellular analyses of HLA class II-associated susceptibility to autoimmune diseases in the Japanese population

Abstract It is well known that individuals who are positive for particular HLA class II alleles show a high risk of developing autoimmune diseases. HLA class II molecules expressed on antigen-presenting cells present antigenic peptides to CD4+ T cells. Their extensive polymorphism affects the structures of peptides bound to HLA class II molecules to create individual differences in immune responses to antigenic peptides. In order to gain a better understanding of mechanisms of the association between HLA class II alleles and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, it is important to identify self-peptides presented by disease-susceptible HLA class II molecules and triggering disease-causative T cells. Many of the autoimmune diseases are observed in all ethnic groups, whereas the incidence of diseases, clinical manifestations and disease-susceptible HLA class II alleles are different among various ethnic groups for some autoimmune diseases. These phenomena suggest that differences in autoimmune self-peptide(s) in the context of disease-susceptible HLA class II molecules may cause these differences. Therefore, comparisons among disease-susceptible HLA class II alleles, autoantigenic peptides, and clinical manifestations of autoimmune diseases in different ethnic groups would be helpful in elucidating the pathogenesis of the diseases. In this review, we describe our recent findings on (1) the uniqueness of both clinical manifestations and the HLA-linked genetic background of Asian-type (opticospinal form) multiple sclerosis, (2) the characteristics of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) or β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) autoreactive T cells in Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or anti-β2-GPI antibody-associated autoimmunity, respectively, and (3) the generation of an efficient delivery system of peptides to the HLA class II-restricted antigen presentation path-way by utilizing a class II-associated invariant chain peptide (CLIP)-substituted invariant chain, which may be applicable to an evaluation of the "molecular mimicry hypothesis" for the activation of autoreactive T cells.
SurvRNC: Learning Ordered Representations for Survival Prediction using Rank-N-Contrast

Predicting the likelihood of survival is of paramount importance for individuals diagnosed with cancer as it provides invaluable information regarding prognosis at an early stage. This knowledge enables the formulation of effective treatment plans that lead to improved patient outcomes. In the past few years, deep learning models have provided a feasible solution for assessing medical images, electronic health records, and genomic data to estimate cancer risk scores. However, these models often fall short of their potential because they struggle to learn regression-aware feature representations. In this study, we propose Survival Rank-N Contrast (SurvRNC) method, which introduces a loss function as a regularizer to obtain an ordered representation based on the survival times. This function can handle censored data and can be incorporated into any survival model to ensure that the learned representation is ordinal. The model was extensively evaluated on a HEad \&NeCK TumOR (HECKTOR) segmentation and the outcome-prediction task dataset. We demonstrate that using the SurvRNC method for training can achieve higher performance on different deep survival models. Additionally, it outperforms state-of-the-art methods by 3.6% on the concordance index. The code is publicly available on https://github.com/numanai/SurvRNC
Household Level Distributed Energy Management System Integrating Renewable Energy Sources and Electric Vehicles

To reduce the burden on data communication in smart girds, household level distributed energy management systems have become increasingly vital due to their capability of distributed intelligence and scheduling devices. This paper studies the optimal management of storage and electric vehicles at a household level when subject to financial constraints. A model using a real-time pricing structure is used to minimise the final consumer cost, whilst responding to power consumption limits set by the supplier. Implementation of the limits and pricing structure allow the supplier to better balance changes and discrepancies in both demand values and generation values. Using real data, models for solar generation, household load demand, and the pricing structure are proposed and integrated into the overall model for the household system. The model for the household system optimises the power taken from the grid and the power stored for the lowest end cost to the user. A series of laboratory evaluations are run to compare the effects of the electric vehicle, solar generation and limits on the household, and considerations are made to the financial and practical implications of these effects. Evaluation results show important benefits from soft limiting household consumption. This allows a more robust and efficient smart grid system that creates better communication between the supplier and the consumer.
Alcohol consumption and mortality from all causes, coronary heart disease, and stroke: results from a prospective cohort study of Scottish men with 21 years of follow up

Abstract Objectives: To relate alcohol consumption to mortality. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: 27 workplaces in the west of Scotland. Participants: 5766 men aged 35-64 when screened in 1970-3 who answered questions on their usual weekly alcohol consumption. Main outcome measures: Mortality from all causes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and alcohol related causes over 21 years of follow up related to units of alcohol consumed per week. Results: Risk for all cause mortality was similar for non-drinkers and men drinking up to 14 units a week. Mortality risk then showed a graded association with alcohol consumption (relative rate compared with non-drinkers 1.34 (95% confidence interval 1.14 to 1.58) for 15-21 units a week, 1.49 (1.27 to 1.75) for 22-34 units, 1.74 (1.47 to 2.06) for 35 or more units). Adjustment for risk factors attenuated the increased relative risks, but they remained significantly above 1 for men drinking 22 or more units a week. There was no strong relation between alcohol consumption and mortality from coronary heart disease after adjustment. A strong positive relation was seen between alcohol consumption and risk of mortality from stroke, with men drinking 35 or more units having double the risk of non-drinkers, even after adjustment. Conclusions: The overall association between alcohol consumption and mortality is unfavourable for men drinking over 22 units a week, and there is no clear evidence of any protective effect for men drinking less than this.