Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fatigue Study Of E-Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite Under Fully Reversed Loading And Spectrum Loading

Study of the fatigue behaviors experimentally and theoretically of a composite material manufactured for this paper by stacking four layers of E-glass fiber in different angle orientations (0 o ,± 45 o , 0 o /90 o ) immersed in polyester resin with total thickness 4 mm. They were tested under two types of dynamic loads in fully reversible tension-compression load at (R=-1) and spectrum load as fatigue testing, to estimate life curves and microscopic an examination was carried out for stress affected and fracture areas. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using ANSYS Workbench™ was used to evaluate the composite behaviour under fatigue conditions. The results of the fatigue test show that the uniaxial [04] composite has the highest strength and the fatigue degradation is also the highest. The high magnification optical microscopy method shows that the failure of laminas at ± 45 o and 0 o / 90 o is due to matrix failure in the direction of the fiber, whereas for the unidirectional lamina at 0 o , the failure is due to
Environmental exposure to zinc and copper influences sperm quality in fertile males.

INTRODUCTION The presented study was designed to investigate the associations between environmental exposure to zinc and copper and levels of the parameters of oxidative stress and antioxidant defence system and selected cytokines in the seminal plasma of fertile males. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population consisted of 65 fertile male volunteers from the southern region of Poland. Based on the medians of the levels of copper and zinc in seminal plasma, the study subjects were divided into 4 subgroups: groups with low and high environmental exposure to copper (Cu-L and Cu-H), groups with low and high environmental exposure to zinc (Zn-L and Zn-H). RESULTS Semen volume, pH, count, motility and morphology of sperm cells in the Cu-L and Cu-H groups did not differ significantly. In the Cu-H group, TOS was increased significantly by 243% when compared to the Cu-L group. Similarly, median of IL-10 level in the Cu-H group was increased by 144% compared to the Cu-L group. Spearman correlation showed positive correlations between the levels of copper and TOS and IL-10. Negative correlations between copper and G-CSF and GM-CSF were also shown. In the Zn-L group, the percentage of progressively motile sperm cells after 1 hour was significantly higher by 17%, compared to the Zn-L group. In the Zn-H group, levels of G-CSF and MCP-1 were significantly higher by 70% and 145%, respectively, compared to the Zn-L group. The level of IL-10 was significantly lower in the Zn-H group by 60%, compared to the Zn-L group. Spearman correlation indicated that there is a positive correlation between the level of zinc and thiol groups, G-CSF and GM-CSF. Negative correlations between zinc and TOS and IL-10 were also shown. CONCLUSION Zinc enhances motility in fertile men. This beneficial effect of zinc may be due to zinc-induced reduction in the plasma oxidative stress intensity and modulations of the immune response. This study confirms the antagonistic relationship between zinc and copper.
Complications in Distal Radius Fracture Fixation: A Comparative Case Series

Aim: To compare the complication rate for 471 distal radius fracture treated with either the synthes two column plate or the DePuy distal volar radius plate (DVR) for fixation of distal radius fractures. Methods: A retrospective study was performed by gathering data from all patients treated with internal fixation for distal radius fractures at University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire, a level-one trauma centre, between October 2011 and April 2015. Data was collected by reviewing clinic electronic medical records and hospital logs to verify consecutive cases, fixation method, and complications. Radiographs were reviewed to identify nature of complication. The primary end point was complication directly related to plating that necessitated reoperation. Statistical analysis was performed by graph pad. Results: Between October 2011 and April 2015, 471 patients underwent fixation of a distal radius fracture by 31 different orthopedic consultants at a level 1 trauma centre. One hundred and fifty seven distal radius fractures were treated with a Synthes 2 column plate and 314 distal radius fractures were treated with a DVR plate. The average age was 56 (15-94) years in the DVR group and 52.3 (17-91) years in the Synthes group. Fifty six percent of the Synthes 2 column plate cohort was female with 66% of the DVR cohort being female. No significant difference between complication rates existed between the two cohorts. Ten patients (6.5%) in the Synthes cohort required a secondary procedure with 2 (1.3%) suffering failure of fixation and subsequent fusion. Twenty-two patients (7.0%) in the DVR cohort required secondary procedure, including 2 tendon ruptures (0.6%) and one failure of fixation (0.3%). Conclusion: This study has shown no difference in complication rate associated with the use two commonly used distal radius fracture implants.
Subcortical differentiation of stop consonants relates to reading and speech-in-noise perception

Children with reading impairments have deficits in phonological awareness, phonemic categorization, speech-in-noise perception, and psychophysical tasks such as frequency and temporal discrimination. Many of these children also exhibit abnormal encoding of speech stimuli in the auditory brainstem, even though responses to click stimuli are normal. In typically developing children the auditory brainstem response reflects acoustic differences between contrastive stop consonants. The current study investigated whether this subcortical differentiation of stop consonants was related to reading ability and speech-in-noise performance. Across a group of children with a wide range of reading ability, the subcortical differentiation of 3 speech stimuli ([ba], [da], [ga]) was found to be correlated with phonological awareness, reading, and speech-in-noise perception, with better performers exhibiting greater differences among responses to the 3 syllables. When subjects were categorized into terciles based on phonological awareness and speech-in-noise performance, the top-performing third in each grouping had greater subcortical differentiation than the bottom third. These results are consistent with the view that the neural processes underlying phonological awareness and speech-in-noise perception depend on reciprocal interactions between cognitive and perceptual processes.
Human Pose Estimation for Multiple Frames

Human pose estimation is a well studied topic in vision. However, most modern techniques in human pose estimation on multiple, consecutive frames, or motion capture, require 3D depth data, which is not always readily available. Prior work using single view 2D data, on the other hand, has been limited to pose estimation in single frames. This raises some interesting questions. Can human pose estimation in multiple frames be effected using 2D single frame techniques, thereby discarding the expensive reliance on 3D data? Can these 2D pose estimation models be improved upon by taking advantage of the data similarities across multiple consecutive images? In this paper, we endeavor to answer these questions. We take Yang et al.’s [1] single frame pose estimation model using flexible mixture of parts and apply it in a multi-frame context. We demonstrate that we can achieve improvements on the original method by taking advantage of the inherent data similarities between consecutive frames. We achieve speed improvements by restricting Yang et al.’s to search locally in intermediate frames and, under certain circumstances, accuracy improvements by running a second, corrective, pass using SVMs trained for instance recognition.
Transglutaminase inhibition: possible therapeutic mechanisms to protect cells from death in neurological disorders

Transglutaminases are a family of Ca 2+ -dependent enzymes which catalyze post-translational modifications of proteins. The main activity of these enzymes is the cross-linking of glutaminyl residues of a protein/peptide substrate to lysyl residues of a protein/peptide co-substrate. In addition to lysyl residues, other second nucleophilic co-substrates may include monoamines or polyamines (to form mono- or bi-substituted/crosslinked adducts) or −OH groups (to form ester linkages). In absence of co-substrates, the nucleophile may be water, resulting in the net deamidation of the glutaminyl residue. Transglutaminase activity has been suggested to be involved in molecular mechanisms responsible for both physiological or pathological processes. In particular, transglutaminase activity has been shown to be responsible for human autoimmune diseases, and Celiac Disease is just one of them. Interestingly, neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, supranuclear palsy, Huntington’s Disease and other polyglutamine diseases, are characterized in part by aberrant cerebral transglutaminase activity and by increased cross-linked proteins in affected brains. Here we describe the possible molecular mechanisms by which these enzymes could be responsible for such diseases and the possible use of transglutaminase inhibitors for patients with diseases characterized by aberrant transglutaminase activity.
Evaluation of a regional trauma registry.

BACKGROUND For decades, trauma registries have been the primary source of data for resource allocation, quality improvement efforts and hypothesis-generating research in trauma care. Surprisingly, the quality and completion of data in these registries has rarely been reported. In preparation for a research program on population-based epidemiology of severe trauma, we evaluated the Calgary component of the Alberta Trauma Registry (ATR). METHODS We identified the ATR records of all adult trauma patients (aged > or = 16 yr) admitted to hospitals in the Calgary Health Region (CRH) between April 1, 2001 and March 31, 2002 with severe injuries (Injury Severity Score > or = 12). From these registry data, we randomly selected 100 patient records, and we compared 14 fields, sampling parameters from prehospital care to discharge, with information from the hospital chart. RESULTS Only 9 of 100 records were found to be incomplete. Of these, none had more than 1 field incomplete. Of the approximately 1400 data fields assessed, only 9 were missing data, resulting in a 99% (1391/1400) completion rate. Of 100 records, 22 were found to have inaccurate data; of these, 18 had 1 incorrect field, 2 had 2 incorrect fields and 2 had 3 incorrect fields. Overall, the ATR is 98% accurate. CONCLUSIONS The Calgary component of the ATR can be considered accurate and complete. Some of its inaccuracy is attributable to a change in the way time to operating room was recorded. Data from all other fields collected in a standard manner can continue to be used with confidence for administrative and research purposes.
Evaluating Plans and Human Response Using a Normative Multi-Agent System

We describe a socio-technical system designed to train different organisations in emergency management during the preparedness phase. In this system, both humans and the system work together in building organisational context awareness. The system uses a normative multi-agent system and a tangible table for user interaction. Real time virtual feedbacks are used to draw users' attention to the validity of their actions with respect to the emergency plan. Feedback allows the actors to be aware of the other factors that impact the validity of their action (actions of other actors, environment etc.) and to identify the behaviour that is expected of them by the other organisations. The system is still in its prototype phase. Its behaviour is illustrated by example scenarios, showing that it is possible to support collaboration amongst distant actors, in a way that only relevant information is shown.
UHRF2 regulates local 5-methylcytosine and suppresses spontaneous seizures

ABSTRACT The 5-methylcytosine (5mC) modification regulates multiple cellular processes and is faithfully maintained following DNA replication. In addition to DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family proteins, ubiquitin-like PHD and ring finger domain-containing protein 1 (UHRF1) plays an important role in the maintenance of 5mC levels. Loss of UHRF1 abolishes 5mC in cells and leads to embryonic lethality in mice. Interestingly, UHRF1 has a paralog, UHRF2, that has similar sequence and domain architecture, but its biologic function is not clear. Here, we have generated Uhrf2 knockout mice and characterized the role of UHRF2 in vivo. Uhrf2 knockout mice are viable, but the adult mice develop frequent spontaneous seizures and display abnormal electrical activities in brain. Despite no global DNA methylation changes, 5mC levels are decreased at certain genomic loci in the brains of Uhrf2 knockout mice. Therefore, our study has revealed a unique role of UHRF2 in the maintenance of local 5mC levels in brain that is distinct from that of its paralog UHRF1.
Experimental investigation of immiscible liquids flow in a T-shaped microchannel

Flow regime visualization for immiscible liquid-liquid flow in a T-shaped microchannel with rectangular cross-section was done. For three sets of immiscible liquids, kerosene – water, paraffin oil – water and castor oil – paraffin oil flow patterns in a wide range of Weber numbers were obtained. Following typical flow patterns were observed: parallel flow, slug flow, plug flow, dispersed (droplet) flow and rivulet flow. The main difference of the experiment is in wettability of channel walls by all liquids used. As the consequence of that rivulet flow existence and absence of annular flow were observed. At high Weber numbers new flow pattern called serpentine flow was found. It was shown that flow pattern maps based on Weber numbers for different liquid sets does not match well. Weber number multiplied by liquid viscosity proposed as universality parameter for universal flow map. For plug flow regime plug length, velocity and flow circulation inside plug were evaluated.
Fully Transparent Nanocomposite Coating with an Amorphous Alumina Matrix and Exceptional Wear and Scratch Resistance

This study presents a method for high temperature stabilization of amorphous alumina. The strain‐induced stabilization is obtained by dispersion of rigid globular polycarbosilane macromolecules within an alumina matrix. The alumina matrix remains amorphous even at 1200 °C. This study confirms the chemical composition of the coating with an advanced chemical depth‐profile analysis and shows its nanostructure by transmission electron microscopy. Based on this amorphous nanocomposite, a new facile and inexpensive coating for mechanical protection of glass surfaces is further developed. The nanocomposite coating is characterized by a full optical transparency and exceptional tribological characteristics. The wear resistance exceeds that of the current advanced ion‐exchanged boroaluminosilicate glass by a factor of 25–35 whereas its scratch resistance is exceeded by more than an order of magnitude.
Cytochrome P450‐mediated interaction between perazine and risperidone: implications for antipsychotic polypharmacy

BACKGROUND Although clinically widespread, scientific evidence for antipsychotic polypharmacy is still limited. Combining different drugs increases the potential for drug-drug interactions, enhancing the risk of adverse drug reactions. We aimed to unravel the potential pharmacokinetic interactions between risperidone (RIS) and perazine. METHODS Using a therapeutic drug monitoring database containing plasma concentrations of RIS and its active metabolite [9-hydroxyrisperidone (9-OH-RIS)], we considered two groups: a group of patients under antipsychotic monotherapy with RIS (n = 40) and a group of patients that was comedicated with perazine (n = 16). Groups were matched for demographic characteristics and daily dosage of RIS. Plasma concentrations, concentrations corrected for the dose (C/D) of RIS, 9-OH-RIS and the active moiety (RIS + 9-OH-RIS), as well as the metabolic ratios of concentrations of 9-OH-RIS/RIS, were compared using nonparametric tests. RESULTS All parameters other than plasma concentrations and the C/D ratio of 9-OH-RIS differed between groups. Median values for plasma concentrations of the active moiety and C/D of the active moiety were higher in the perazine group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Differences were driven by variations in the plasma concentrations and C/D of RIS, which were higher in the perazine group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Metabolic ratios were lower in the perazine group (P = 0.003). DISCUSSION The coadministration of perazine in RIS-medicated patients leads to significantly higher plasma concentrations and C/D values of RIS and its active moiety, and a lower metabolic ratio, reflecting the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 phenotype. We suggest that the mechanism underlying the effect of perazine on RIS metabolism is based on an inhibition of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 activity.
Systems medicine: evolution of systems biology from bench to bedside

High‐throughput experimental techniques for generating genomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, metabolomes, and interactomes have provided unprecedented opportunities to interrogate biological systems and human diseases on a global level. Systems biology integrates the mass of heterogeneous high‐throughput data and predictive computational modeling to understand biological functions as system‐level properties. Most human diseases are biological states caused by multiple components of perturbed pathways and regulatory networks rather than individual failing components. Systems biology not only facilitates basic biological research but also provides new avenues through which to understand human diseases, identify diagnostic biomarkers, and develop disease treatments. At the same time, systems biology seeks to assist in drug discovery, drug optimization, drug combinations, and drug repositioning by investigating the molecular mechanisms of action of drugs at a system's level. Indeed, systems biology is evolving to systems medicine as a new discipline that aims to offer new approaches for addressing the diagnosis and treatment of major human diseases uniquely, effectively, and with personalized precision. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2015, 7:141–161. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1297
Assessment of interleukin‐1&bgr;, interleukin‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐&Agr; levels in the peri‐implant sulcular fluid among waterpipe (narghile) smokers and never‐smokers with peri‐implantitis

BACKGROUND It is hypothesized that levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are significantly higher in the peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) of waterpipe-smokers (WS) compared with never-smokers with peri-implantitis. PURPOSE The aim of the present convenience sample case-control study was to compare the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the PISF of WS and never-smokers with peri-implantitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Demographic data was collected using a questionnaire. Peri-implant probing depth (PPD) was measured and crestal bone loss (CBL) was measured on digital bitewing radiographs. PISF samples were collected using paper strips and the collected PISF volume was determined. levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Study sample-size was estimated and statistical analysis was performed. P values less than . 05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Sixty-six individuals (33 individuals in group-1 and 33 in group-2) were included. In groups 1 and 2, 41 and 44 implants, respectively were placed. The mean total PPD (P < .001) and peri-implant CBL (P < .001) was statistically significantly higher around implants affected by peri-implantitis in group-1 compared with group-2. The PISF volume (P < .05) collected and levels of IL-1β (P < .01), IL-6 (P < .01), and TNF-α (P < .01) were statistically significantly higher among individuals in group-1 compared with group-2. CONCLUSION WS with peri-implantitis present increased expression of local proinflammatory cytokines in the PISF than never-smokers.
Application of Navier-Stokes Code PAB3D With k-c Turbulence Model to Attached and Separated Flows

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Heterozygous mutation in OTX2 associated with early-onset retinal dystrophy with atypical maculopathy

Purpose Heterozygous mutations in OTX2 have been associated with a range of ocular and pituitary abnormalities. We report a novel heterozygous deletion in OTX2 underlying early-onset retinal dystrophy with atypical maculopathy. Methods Clinical examination included electroretinography and multimodal retinal imaging. Molecular genetic testing was composed of next-generation sequencing of a panel of retinal dystrophy genes. Results A now 17-year-old boy presented 12 years earlier with a history of progressively poor vision since birth, nyctalopia, and early-onset retinal dystrophy with atypical maculopathy. He also had bilateral microphthalmos and a slim prepubertal appearance; growth hormone levels were within normal ranges. Next-generation sequencing of a retinal dystrophy gene panel revealed a heterozygous deletion c.485delC (p.Pro162G.Infs*24) in exon 5 of OTX2. Conclusions This second report of maculopathy associated with a heterozygous mutation in OTX2 confirms that mutations in OTX2 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical hereditary maculopathy, with or without rod-cone dystrophy.
Implants Placed Simultaneously With Lateral Window Sinus Augmentation Using a Putty Alloplastic Bone Substitute for Increased Primary Implant Stability: A Retrospective Study

Introduction:The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the primary stability of implants placed in significantly pneumatized maxillary sinuses with minimum residual bone height. Materials and Methods:Seventeen patients who had been treated with simultaneous implant placement in sites with <5 mm of vertical bone height using a modified direct sinus lift technique were included. Implants placed in adjacent sites with at least 5 mm of bone height were included as quasi-controls. Results:A total of 30 implants were inserted with a maximum insertion torque number >20 N/cm2. Logistic regression analysis failed to show any association between residual bone height and primary implant stability. Implant survival was 96.67% (29/30) during a mean follow-up of 15.74 months postloading. Conclusions:The diminished preoperative vertical dimensions of the residual ridges did not seem to negatively influence the osseointegration of implants placed in this study. The prerequisite for simultaneous sinus augmentation and implant placement is an adequate primary stability of the implant and not a fixed minimum bone height level.