Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performa Klasifikasi K-NN dan Cross-validation pada Data

I. Pendahuluan Cardiovascular merupakan organ manusia yang berperan dalam sistem peredaran darah. Penyakit cardiovascular adalah sebuah kondisi jantung tidak dapat melaksanakan tugasnya dengan baik. Secara global, penyebab kematian nomor satu setiap tahunnya adalah penyakit cardiovascular. Penyakit cardiovascular adalah penyakit yang disebabkan gangguan fungsi jantung dan pembuluh darah, seperti penyakit jantung koroner, INFORMASI ARTIKEL ABST RAK
Automated remote sensing of sediment plumes for identification of runoff from the Greenland ice sheet

Abstract The viability of employing sediment plumes emanating from outlets along the western margin of the Greenland ice sheet as indicators of runoff is assessed. An automated sediment plume quantification system based on daily 250 m Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) band 1 reflectance imagery is developed. Coherent plumes are identified using spectral thresholds and polygon tracing. Validation employs imagery quality-control procedures and manual verification of plume areas. Outlets at land-terminating margins with wide and straight fjord geometries deliver the most accurate and consistent results. Plume area observations are also possible at marine-terminating margins with relatively static fronts and low proximal sea-ice concentrations. Variability in plume area is examined with reference to Special Satellite Microwave Imager (SSM/I)-derived daily melt extent at the hydrologic catchment scale. At annual timescales, plume areas tend to co-vary with surface melt extent, indicating that more mass is lost by runoff during years of extensive melting. Some synchronicity in plume areas from different catchments is apparent. At seasonal and daily timescales, plumes from individual outlets primarily relate to catchment-specific melting.
Posterior sternoclavicular dislocation in a 15-year old boy: case report

Posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation is a very rare injury, representing less than 5% of all shoulder girdle injuries. While anterior dislocations may be treated non-operatively, posterior dislocations should either be reduced closed or open and fixed. In cases of concomitant injuries to the mediastinal structures, an open reduction is mandatory. We present a case of a 15-year old boy who presented with a posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation without concomitant injuries in whom we have performed a chest X-ray but a computerised tomography was needed for a definitive diagnosis. An open reduction and cerclage with 3 non-absorbable sutures provided a stable fixation and the patient remained free of symptoms during the follow-up period.
Expenditure-based segmentation of tourists to the Kruger National Park

Although expenditure-based segmentation is a popular method, it has never previously been applied in the study of national parks in South Africa. The advantage of this method is that one can distinguish between different levels of expenditure markets. This article aims to apply expenditure-based segmentation of tourists to the Kruger National Park in South Africa. Only tourists per definition formed part of this study, excluding day visitors. Tourist surveys were conducted between 2001 and 2007, yielding 2904 completed questionnaires. Bestedingsgebaseerde segmentering van toeriste aan Kruger Nasionale Park Alhoewel segmentering op grond van bestedingspatrone 'n gewilde metode is, is ditnog nooit voorheen toegepas in die studie van nasionale parke in Suid-Afrika nie. Die voordeel van hierdie metode is dat dit onderskeiding tussen verskillende vlakkevan bestedingsmarkte moontlik maak. Die doel van hierdie artikel is daarom ombestedingsgebaseerde segmentering van toeriste toe te pas op die Kruger Nasionale Park in Suid-Afrika. Slegs toeriste per definisie het deel gevorm van hierdie studie, en dagbesoekers is uitgesluit. Toeristepeilings is tussen 2001 en 2007 onderneem en het 2904 voltooide vraelyste opgelewer.
TRENDS IN SNOWFALL VERSUS RAINFALL FOR THE WESTERN UNITED STATES, 1949-2001

DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Energy Commission. It does not necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, its employees or the State of California. The Energy Commission, the State of California, its employees, contractors and subcontractors make no warrant, express or implied, and assume no legal liability for the information in this report; nor does any party represent that the uses of this information will not infringe upon privately owned rights. This report has not been approved or disapproved by the California Energy Commission nor has the California Energy Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the information in this report. iii iv Preface The Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program supports public interest energy research and development that will help improve the quality of life in California by bringing environmentally safe, affordable, and reliable energy services and products to the marketplace. The PIER Program, managed by the California Energy Commission (Energy Commission), conducts public interest research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) projects to benefit California's electricity and natural gas ratepayers. The PIER Program strives to conduct the most promising public interest energy research by partnering with RD&D entities, including individuals, businesses, utilities, and public or private research institutions. PIER funding efforts are focused on the following RD&D program areas: by efforts at other research institutions. Priority research areas defined in PIER's five‐year Climate Change Research Plan are: monitoring, analysis, and modeling of climate; analysis of options to reduce greenhouse gas emissions; assessment of physical impacts and of adaptation strategies; and analysis of the economic consequences of both climate change impacts and the efforts designed to reduce emissions. The California Climate Change Center Report Series details ongoing Center‐sponsored research. As interim project results, the information contained in these reports may change; authors should be contacted for the most recent project results. By providing ready access to this timely research, the Center seeks to inform the public and expand dissemination of climate change information; thereby leveraging collaborative efforts and increasing the benefits of this research to California's citizens, environment, and economy. Figure 1. (a) Winter (Nov–Mar) SFE/P trends: Symbol size is proportional to study‐period changes, measured in standard deviations as indicated; circles indicate high trend significance (p < 0.05), squares indicate lower trend significance (p > 0.05). (b) Water year (WY) 2001 winter SFE/P vs. WY 1949 winter SFE/P, with highly …
A note on procedures used for accuracy assessment in land cover maps derived from AVHRR data

We present results from analyses conducted to evaluate the performance of advanced supervised classification algorithms (decision trees and neural nets) applied to AVHRR data to map regional land cover in Central America. Our results indicate that the sampling procedure used to stratify ground data into train and test sub-populations can substantially bias accuracy assessment results. In particular, we found spatial autocorrelation in test data to inflate estimates of classification accuracy by up to 50 points. Results from evaluations performed using independent train and test data suggest that the feature space provided by AVHRR NDVI data is poorly suited for most land cover mapping problems, with the exception of those involving highly generalized classes.
Fast multi-resolution shading of acquired reflectance using bandwidth prediction

Shading complex materials such as acquired reflectances in multi-light environments is computationally expensive. Estimating the shading integral involves stochastic sampling of the incident illumination independently at several pixels. The number of samples required for this integration varies across the image, depending on an intricate combination of several factors. Ignoring visibility, adaptively distributing computational budget across the pixels for shading is already a challenging problem. In this paper we present a systematic approach to accelerate shading, by rapidly predicting the approximate spatial and angular variation in the local light field arriving at each pixel. Our estimation of variation is in the form of local bandwidth, and accounts for combinations of a variety of factors: the reflectance at the pixel, the nature of the illumination, the local geometry and the camera position relative to the geometry and lighting. The speed-up, using our method, is from a combination of two factors. First, rather than shade every pixel, we use this predicted variation to direct computational effort towards regions of the image with high local variation. Second, we use the predicted variance of the shading integrals, to cleverly distribute a fixed total budget of shading samples across the pixels. For example, reflection off specular objects is estimated using fewer samples than off diffuse objects.
Rapid city modeling based on oblique photography and 3ds Max technique

Modeling using aerial stereo pair in city modeling is less time consuming with high degree of automation and is fit for large scale modeling.While it is difficult to get the side textures of the constructions directly by the method,and needs much labor with low efficiency.Thus a new method that combined the technology of oblique photography with 3ds Max plug in development was proposed to support the 3-dimensional city modeling in the paper,which would provide a practical and efficient means of semiautomatic city modeling.The result showed that the 3-dimensional modeling and texture auto-mapping could be realized under one measurement,and the model could be modified on 3ds Max platform directly.
Prehistoric Chamorro household activities and refuse disposal patterns on the Micronesian Island of Tinian, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands

This study presents new data from the investigation of six prehistoric habitation sites on the Micronesian island of Tinian in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) to interpret the nature of domestic activities and refuse disposal patterns associated with Latte Period households and their communities. Domestic refuse around elevated house foundations (called latte sets in the Mariana Islands) was examined through the medium of systematic shovel tests and limited excavation to reveal the extent and composition of subsurface deposits. Five groups of cultural materials (lusong or stone mortars, pottery / burned clay daub, unworked marine shell remains / faunal bone, stone and shell tools / debitage, and human remains) were used as indicators of various domestic activities. Artifact assemblages and their spatial dis- tribution around each household appeared to indicate the sharing of food preparation, cooking or food and water storage, eating, tool manufacture or use, and human burial between habitations regardless of structure size or date of occupation, suggesting the importance of communal daily
PERUBAHAN LANSKAP EKOLOGI DAN RESILIENSI NAFKAH RUMAHTANGGA PETANI DI SEKITAR HUTAN DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR

Ekspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit menghasilkan lanskap perubahan ekologi, deforestasi, hilangnya daerah tanaman dan hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati. Ini memberikan dampak pada sistem mata pencaharian rumah tangga di wilayah tersebut. Selain itu, pertanian keluarga yang hidup di sekitar hutan yang tergantung pada lahan dan hutan. Ini berarti bahwa perkebunan kelapa sawit rentan terhadap kaus kaki pada sistem kehidupan rumah tangga pertanian. Rumahtangga pertanian mencoba untuk mengurangi kerentanan oleh beberapa strategi yang menggunakan lima modal (keuangan, fisik, sumber daya manusia, sumber daya alam, dan sosial). Jika rumah tangga pertanian dapat mengurangi rentan sehingga rumah tangga pertanian membangun ketahanan penghidupan berhasil. Pertanyaan penelitian adalah (1) Bagaimana perubahan ekologi lanskap mempengaruhi ketahanan rumah tangga pertanian? (2) Bagaimana dampak perubahan ekologi lanskap pada struktur kehidupan rumah tangga pertanian ? Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Merapun, Kecamatan Kelay, Kabupaten Berau, Kalimantan Timur. Metode ini menggunakan metode survei. 30 responden seleksi melalui random sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah faktor-faktor ketahanan rumah tangga pertanian adalah jenis kelamin kepala rumah tangga, jumlah anggota rumah tangga, tingkat modal, pendapatan rumah tangga dan tingkat kepercayaan pada jaringan. Kata kunci: Ekologi Lansekap Perubahan, Ketahanan, Livelihood System, Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit, Pertanian Rumah Tangga
Evaluation of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum L.) variety tolerance to foliar diseases at Kenya Agricultural Research Institute Centre-Kitale in North west Kenya

Most vegetable cultivar evaluation trials focus on yield and quality attributes. However, disease tolerance is not routinely evaluated along with other parameters. The objective of this study was to evaluate new tomato cultivar for yield, quality and tolerance to foliar diseases. The most ubiquitous and devastating pathogen that infects tomatoes in the North rift Kenya is Phytophthora infestans that causes late blight and Alternaria solanithat causes early blight. There are several disease management practices that can be implemented to manage this disease including rotation, mulching, spacing, fungicide applications, and use of tolerant varieties. This study aimed at testing different varieties. Six new tomato cultivars, TKA143-33, TKA158-6, TKA193-28, TKA155-18, TKA193-2, TKA195-43 alongside a local check, CALJ were evaluated. The trial was laid out in completely randomized Block design (RCBD) layout replicated four times. The results showed that there were significant differences among varieties during the long season but not short rain season on yield. The local check CAL-J gave the least yield. There was low incidence of foliar diseases on the newly introduced varieties. This suggests that some of the new varieties could be good candidates for long and short season production seasons. Key words: Tomato, variety, on-station trial, disease tolerance, evaluation Kenya.
Social Network Sites: Antecedents of User Adoption and Usage

The use of social networking websites has become a current international phenomenon. Popular websites include MySpace, Facebook, and Friendster. Their rapid widespread use warrants a better understanding. However, there has been little empirical research studying the factors that determine the use of this hedonic computer-mediated communication technology This study contributes to our understanding of the antecedents that influence adoption and use of social networking websites by examining the effect of the perceptions of playfulness, critical mass, trust, and normative pressure on the use of social networking sites. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the patterns of inter-correlations among the constructs and to empirically test the hypotheses. Each of the antecedents has a significant direct effect on intent to use social networking websites, with playfulness and critical mass the strongest indicators. Intent to use and playfulness had a significant direct effect on actual usage.
Ad-hoc network positioning system for large scale disaster mitigation

Human beings living on the earth always face with natural problem of disasters that are caused by both nature and human beings themselves. Actually, all of us do not like disasters to happen. But when they already happened, we have to mitigate their affects by rescuing people and precious things belonging to the cultural heritage of the world or a nation. In most disasters (from earthquakes to volcanoes, and even fires or explosions), we get difficulty in locating the people or things to rescue because they are somewhere in the ruin, we can not excavate the whole ruin of a city to find out them. So, it is very convenient to know their positions to reduce the finding time. This paper proposes a technical solution by using distributed GPS-free ad-hoc network SOM based positioning algorithm in such disaster cases. With the results from intensive simulations, it is showed that the algorithm can yield a good accuracy suitable in disaster situations.
Derivation and validation of a non-invasive optoacoustic imaging biomarker for patients with intermittent claudication

Background Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT), a molecular sensitive ultrasound, offers a non-invasive diagnostic approach to image the deep-tissue biomarkers. Objectives The authors aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of MSOT to distinguish between healthy volunteers (HV) and patients with intermittent claudication (IC) by assessing hemoglobin-related biomarkers in calf muscle tissue. Methods In this monocentric, cross-sectional diagnostic trial using derivation (DC) and validation cohorts (VC) yll subjects underwent standardized PAD diagnostics. This included pulse palpation, ankle brachial index (ABI), duplex sonography, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and assessment of health-related quality of life (VASCUQOL-6). The vascular occlusion profile in IC patients was confirmed by angiography (aggregated TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus classification, aTASC). MSOT imaging of calf muscle was performed before and after standardized heel raise provocation. Participants Of 123 screened individuals, 102 completed the study. MSOT-derived oxygenation (msO2) after the exercise differentiated IC and HV with an area under curve the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUROC) in DC by 0.99 (95%CI 0.97;1.00, p<0.001, sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 95.8%) and in the VC by 0.95 (95%CI 0.95;1.00, p<0.001, sensitivity: 96.2%, specificity: 96.0%). mSO2 positively correlated with the ABI post-exercise (R=0.83, 95%CI 0.75;0.88, P<0.001), the absolute walking distance in the 6MWT (R=0.77, 95%CI 0.68;0.84, P<0.001), the VASCUQOL-6 (R=0.79, 95%CI 0.70;0.85, P<0.001) and negatively with aTASC classification (R=-0.80, 95%CI -0.86;-0.72, P<0.001). Conclusions Post-exercise MSOT-derived saturation in the calf muscle was validated as a new and promising diagnostic biomarker to distinguish between HV and IC patients yielding high sensitivity and specificity. (NCT05373927)
Regional quantification of cardiac metabolism with hyperpolarized [1-13C]-pyruvate MRI evaluated in an oral glucose challenge

Background: The heart has metabolic flexibility, which is influenced by fed/fasting states, and pathologies such as myocardial ischemia and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Hyperpolarized (HP) 13C-pyruvate MRI is a promising new tool for non-invasive quantification of myocardial glycolytic and Krebs cycle flux. However, human studies of HP 13C-MRI have yet to demonstrate regional quantification of metabolism, which is important in regional ischemia and HCM patients with asymmetric septal/apical hypertrophy. Methods: We developed and applied methods for whole-heart imaging of 13C-pyruvate, 13C-lactate and 13C-bicarbonate, following intravenous administration of [1-13C]-pyruvate. The image acquisition used an autonomous scanning method including bolus tracking, real-time magnetic field calibrations and metabolite-specific imaging. For quantification of metabolism, we evaluated 13C metabolite images, ratio metrics, and pharmacokinetic modeling to provide measurements of myocardial lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) mediated metabolic conversion in 5 healthy volunteers (fasting & 30 min following oral glucose load). Results: We demonstrate whole heart coverage for dynamic measurement of pyruvate-to-lactate conversion via LDH and pyruvate-to-bicarbonate conversion via PDH at a resolution of 6x6x21 mm3 (13C-pyruvate) and 12x12x21 mm3 (13C-lactate, 13C-bicarbonate) . 13C-pyruvate and 13C-lactate were detected simultaneously in the RV blood pool, immediately after intravenous injection, reflecting LDH activity in blood. In healthy volunteers, myocardial 13C-pyruvate-SNR, 13C-lactate-SNR, 13C-bicarbonate-SNR, 13C-lactate/pyruvate ratio, 13C-pyruvate-to-lactate conversion rate, kPL, and 13C-pyruvate-to-bicarbonate conversion rate, kPB, all had statistically significant increases following oral glucose challenge. kPB, reflecting PDH activity and pyruvate entering the Krebs Cycle, had the highest correlation with blood glucose levels and was statistically significant. Conclusions: We demonstrate first-in-human regional quantifications of cardiac metabolism by HP 13C-pyruvate MRI that aims to reflect LDH and PDH activity.
A comparison of fMRI presurgical mapping techniques with intraoperative brain mapping-based validation

Introduction Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) could enable preoperative risk assessment and intraoperative guidance for patients who cannot undergo task-based fMRI (tbfMRI). We investigated differences in accuracy between tbfMRI and rsfMRI acquired with single (sTE) at voxel size of 2mm and 3mm, and multi-echo (mTE) scans using intraoperative mapping with direct electrical stimulations (DES) as the ground truth. Material and methods Functional sensory-motor mapping results of hands and feet were spatially compared relative to positive (pDES, functional effect) and negative (nDES, no functional effect) coordinates in 16 preoperative patients. General linear model analysis was used for tbfMRI, and seed-based analysis (SBA) for rsfMRI. Minimum Euclidean distances between fMRI and DES were calculated and compared between fMRI methods. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare accuracy and determine distance cutoffs for fMRI agreement with DES, and binary agreement rates were compared at different cutoffs. Two-part mixed-effects linear models were used to compare fMRI methods while accounting for unequal inter-subject DES repetition. Results Only minor differences were found between fMRI methods in unthresholded distances (mean differences ~ 2 mm). ROCs and binary agreement measures showed comparable accuracy for tbfMRI and sTE-rsfMRI 2mm, but mildly worse for sTE-rsfMRI 3mm and mTE-rsfMRI. However, differences in relative accuracy between sTE- and mTE-rsfMRI were minor when the same distance cutoff was applied to all methods. This was also reflected on comparing rates of binary agreement and confirmed by the two-part linear models, which showed no significant differences between fMRI methods and a significant effect of DES response. Conclusion The similar accuracy for SBA rsfMRI functional sensory-motor mapping compared to tbfMRI for the hands and feet, indicate that rsfMRI may be suitable for presurgical mapping. The differences in relative accuracy between sTE- and mTE rsfMRI warrant further investigation in a larger sample.