Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supergravity duals of noncommutative wrapped D6 branes and supersymmetry without supersymmetry

We construct the supergravity solution in 11 dimensions describing D6-branes wrapped around a Kahler four-cycle with a B-fleld along the ∞at directions of the brane. The conflguration is dual to anN = 2 non-commutative gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions. We also construct the four associated independent Killing spinors. The phenomenon of supersymmetry without supersymmetry appears naturally when compactifying to type-IIA or 8d gauged supergravity. Therefore, this solution also provides an 11d background with four supercharges and four-form ∞ux, which is not obtainable from 8d gauged supergravity.
REDDENING AND DISTANCE OF THE LOCAL GROUP STARBURST GALAXY IC 10

We estimate the reddening and distance of the nearest starburst galaxy IC 10 using deep near-infrared JHKS photometry obtained with the Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru telescope. We estimate the foreground reddening toward IC 10 using the UBV photometry of IC 10 from the Local Group Survey, obtaining E(B − V) = 0.52 ± 0.04 mag. We derive the total reddening including the internal reddening, E(B − V) = 0.98 ± 0.06 mag, using the UBV photometry of early-type stars in IC 10 and comparing the JHKS photometry of red giant branch stars in IC 10 and the Small Magellanic Cloud. Using the Two Micron All Sky Survey point-source catalog of 20 Galactic globular clusters, we derive a relation between the metallicity [Fe/H]CG97 and the slope of the red giant branch in the KS − (J − KS) color–magnitude diagram. The mean metallicity of the red giant branch stars in IC 10 is estimated to be [Fe/H]CG97 = −1.08 ± 0.28. The magnitude of the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) of IC 10 in the KS band is measured to be KS,TRGB = 18.28 ± 0.01. Based on the TRGB method, we estimate the distance modulus of IC 10 to be (m − M)0 = 24.27 ± 0.03(random) ± 0.18(systematic), corresponding to the distance of d = 715 ± 10 ± 60 kpc. This confirms that IC 10 is a member of the Local Group.
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Flame Retardants and Thyroid Hormone during Pregnancy

Background Human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants has increased exponentially over the last three decades. Animal and human studies suggest that PBDEs may disrupt thyroid function. Although thyroid hormone (TH) of maternal origin plays an essential role in normal fetal brain development, there is a paucity of human data regarding associations between exposure to PBDEs and maternal TH levels during pregnancy. Objectives Our goal was to determine whether PBDE serum concentrations are associated with TH levels in pregnant women. Methods We measured the concentration of 10 PBDE congeners, free thyroxine (T4), total T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in 270 pregnant women around the 27th week of gestation. Results Serum concentrations of individual PBDE congeners with detection frequencies > 50% (BDEs 28, 47, 99, 100, and 153) and their sum (∑PBDEs) were inversely associated with TSH levels. Decreases in TSH ranged between 10.9% [95% confidence interval (CI), −20.6 to 0.0] and 18.7% (95% CI, −29.2 to −4.5) for every 10-fold increase in the concentration of individual congeners. Odds of subclinical hyperthyroidism (low TSH but normal T4) were also significantly elevated in participants in the highest quartile of ∑PBDEs and BDEs 100 and 153 relative to those in the first quartile. Associations between PBDEs and free and total T4 were not statistically significant. Results were not substantially altered after the removal of outliers and were independent of the method used to adjust for blood lipid levels and to express ∑PBDEs. Conclusions Results suggest that exposure to PBDEs is associated with lower TSH during pregnancy. Findings may have implications for maternal health and fetal development.
CD9 Tetraspanin Interacts with CD36 on the Surface of Macrophages: A Possible Regulatory Influence on Uptake of Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein

CD36 is a type 2 scavenger receptor with multiple functions. CD36 binding to oxidized LDL triggers signaling cascades that are required for macrophage foam cell formation, but the mechanisms by which CD36 signals remain incompletely understood. Mass spectrometry analysis of anti-CD36 immuno-precipitates from macrophages identified the tetraspanin CD9 as a CD36 interacting protein. Western blot showed that CD9 was precipitated from mouse macrophages by anti-CD36 monoclonal antibody and CD36 was likewise precipitated by anti-CD9, confirming the mass spectrometry results. Macrophages from cd36 null mice were used to demonstrate specificity. Membrane associations of the two proteins on intact cells was analyzed by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and by a novel cross linking assay that detects proteins in close proximity (<40 nm). Functional significance was determined by assessing lipid accumulation, foam cell formation and JNK activation in wt, cd9 null and cd36 null macrophages exposed to oxLDL. OxLDL uptake, lipid accumulation, foam cell formation, and JNK phosphorylation were partially impaired in cd9 null macrophages. The present study demonstrates that CD9 associates with CD36 on the macrophage surface and may participate in macrophage signaling in response to oxidized LDL.
Pathological Features and Survival Outcomes of Young Patients with Operable Colon Cancer: Are They Homogeneous?

Objective To compare the pathological features and survival outcomes at different age subgroups of young patients with colon cancer. Methods Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) population-based data, we identified 2,861 young patients with colon cancer diagnosed between 1988 and 2005 treated with surgery. Patients were divided into four groups: group 1 (below 25 years), group 2 (26–30 years), group 3 (31–35 years) and group 4 (36–40 years). Five-year cancer specific survival data were obtained. Kaplan-Meier methods were adopted and multivariable Cox regression models were built for the analysis of long-term survival outcomes and risk factors. Results There were significant different among four groups in pathological grading, histological type, AJCC stage, current standard (≥12 lymph nodes retrieval), mean number of lymph nodes examined and positive lymph nodes (p<0.001). The 5-year cause specific survival was 71.0% in group 1, 75.1% in group 2, 80.6% in group 3 and 82.5% in group 4, which had significant difference in both univariate (P = 0.002) and multivariate analysis (P = 0.041). Conclusions Young patients with colon cancer at age 18–40 years are essentially a heterogeneous group. Patients at age 31–35, 36–40 subgroups have more favorable clinicopathologic characteristics and better cancer specific survival than below 30 years.
Conceptual study of a class of hybrid hyper-redundant robot

This paper describes geometric and kinematic modelling steps of a class of an hybrid hyper-redundant robot (HHRR). The main problem of such complex manipulator robot structures is the synthesis of an appropriate control of n number of degrees of freedom (DOF). Thus, it is important at the design step, to develop geometric and kinematic models allowing to reconstruct the kinematical behavior of n concatenated modules. The studied structure is considered as modular with multiple DOF and is built by connecting in serial many parallel modules. The coordinate frame distribution is based on space curve differential geometry. The inverse Geometric and kinematic models are calculated analytically for a n-DOF of HHRR manipulator while the final application is applied to the case of a 3-modules robot (18-DOF).
Knowledge Management and TQM: An Integrated Approach to Management

Knowledge management (KM) is the name given to the set of systematic and disciplined actions that an organisation can take to obtain the greatest value from the knowledge available to it. Knowledge management has received increasing attention from 1990. For a few years, it was the next big thing after business process reengineering and total quality management. This paper describes and compares concepts of KM and TQM. At the end, it concludes that KM and TQM are complementary and to be successful, it is necessary to take an integrated approach to management.
A Decentralized Utility-based Scheduling Algorithm for Grids

Grid systems have gain tremendous importance in past years since application requirements increased drastically. The heterogeneity and geographic dispersion of grid resources and applications places some difficult challenges such as job scheduling. A scheduling algorithm tries to find a resource for a job that fulfills the job’s requirements while optimizing a given objective function. Utility is a measure of a user’s satisfaction that can be seen as a objective function that a scheduler tries to maximize. Many utility as an objective scheduling algorithms have been proposed. However, the proposed algorithms do not consider partial requirement satisfaction by awarding an utility based on the total fulfillment of the requirement and follow centralized or hierarchical approaches suffer problems concerning scalability and fault tolerance. Our solution proposes a decentralized scheduling architecture with utility based scheduling algorithm that considers partial requirements satisfaction to overcome the shortcomings of actual solutions.
The role of attachment‐related individual differences in goal adoption for serial arguments

Correspondence Kevin J. Carson, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080. Email: kjc082000@utdallas.edu This study investigated the relations between attachmentrelated individual differences and the adoption of interpersonal goals for conflict in romantic relationships. Additionally, it used the truth and bias model to examine how biased and accurate people are in judging their partner's endorsement of conflict goals, as well as how attachmentrelated individual differences moderate this bias and accuracy. Ninety-four romantic couples completed a measure of attachment-related individual differences and self and informant reports of interpersonal conflict goals. Results revealed that individuals endorsed conflict goals consistent with their attachment orientations. Furthermore, they displayed biases when estimating their partner's goals, with some of these biases relating to attachment orientations. These results suggest that attachment-related individual differences may partially guide conflict-related goals and partner perceptions.
CMOS Integrated Antenna-Coupled Field-Effect Transistors for the Detection of Radiation From 0.2 to 4.3 THz

This paper reports on field-effect-transistor-based terahertz detectors for the operation at discrete frequencies spanning from 0.2 to 4.3 THz. They are implemented using a 150-nm CMOS process technology, employ self-mixing in the n-channels of the transistors and operate well above the transistors' cutoff frequency. The theoretical description of device operation by Dyakonov and Shur is extended in order to describe the device impedance, responsivity, and noise-equivalent power for a novel detection concept, which couples the signal to the drain. This approach enables quasi-static (QS) detection and calibration of the detectors. The different transport regimes (i.e., QS, distributed resistive, and plasmonic mixing) and their transitions are theoretically discussed and experimentally accessed. Responsivity values of 350 V/W at 595 GHz, 30 V/W at 2.9 THz, and 5 V/W at 4.1 THz are reported. At 0.595 THz, we determine the optical noise equivalent power (NEP) to be 42 pW/√Hz ; at 2.9 THz, the value is 487 pW/√Hz. All values are reported for optimum gate bias with respect to NEP at 295 K. For 0.595 THz, theory predicts a NEP value at threshold as low as 2 pW/√Hz for ideal coupling of the radiation.
The Molecular Mechanism of Action of Artemisinin—The Debate Continues

Despite international efforts to ‘roll back malaria’ the 2008 World Malaria Report revealed the disease still affects approximately 3 billion people in 109 countries; 45 within the WHO African region. The latest report however does provide some ‘cautious optimism’; more than one third of malarious countries have documented greater than 50% reductions in malaria cases in 2008 compared to 2000. The goal of the Member States at the World Health Assembly and ‘Roll Back Malaria’ (RBM) partnership is to reduce the numbers of malaria cases and deaths recorded in 2000 by 50% or more by the end of 2010. Although malaria is preventable it is most prevalent in poorer countries where prevention is difficult and prophylaxis is generally not an option. The burden of disease has increased by the emergence of multi drug resistant (MDR) parasites which threatens the use of established and cost effective antimalarial agents. After a major change in treatment policies, artemisinins are now the frontline treatment to aid rapid clearance of parasitaemia and quick resolution of symptoms. Since artemisinin and its derivatives are eliminated rapidly, artemisinin combination therapies (ACT’s) are now recommended to delay resistance mechanisms. In spite of these precautionary measures reduced susceptibility of parasites to the artemisinin-based component of ACT’s has developed at the Thai-Cambodian border, a historical ‘hot spot’ for MDR parasite evolution and emergence. This development raises serious concerns for the future of the artemsinins and this is not helped by controversy related to the mode of action. Although a number of potential targets have been proposed the actual mechanism of action remains ambiguous. Interestingly, artemisinins have also shown potent and broad anticancer properties in cell lines and animal models and are becoming established as anti-schistosomal agents. In this review we will discuss the recent evidence explaining bioactivation and potential molecular targets in the chemotherapy of malaria and cancer.
A framework for memory-efficient levels of detail

We introduce a representation, called a Multi-Level Progressive Mesh, for managing Levels of Detail (LODs) of a triangular mesh, allowing to store in memory an arbitrary number of LODs, with only about a 10 % increase in memory usage with respect to the highest resolution mesh. We assume that LODs were generated by a previous process, and concentrate on representing them efficiently, allowing progressive display and transmission. Our format is particularly adapted for changing LODs interactively (including smooth transitions, or “geomorphs”). We show snapshots of our implementation on a Pentium (TM) 133 Mhz PC, using VRML and Java. One aspect of this approach is to encode the LOD hierarchy using an array of representatives, one for each vertex except a few. The same array provides information to access all the LODs. Another aspect is to partition the vertices and triangles of the mesh in several levels of details (by assigning an integer level to each vertex and triangle), and to re-enumerate the vertices and triangles according to the levels. Key-words : Triangular Mesh, Levels of Detail (LODs), Progressive Transmission.
Simultaneous acquisition of multislice PET and MR images: initial results with a MR-compatible PET scanner.

UNLABELLED PET and MRI are powerful imaging techniques that are largely complementary in the information they provide. We have designed and built a MR-compatible PET scanner based on avalanche photodiode technology that allows simultaneous acquisition of PET and MR images in small animals. METHODS The PET scanner insert uses magnetic field-insensitive, position-sensitive avalanche photodiode (PSAPD) detectors coupled, via short lengths of optical fibers, to arrays of lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) scintillator crystals. The optical fibers are used to minimize electromagnetic interference between the radiofrequency and gradient coils and the PET detector system. The PET detector module components and the complete PET insert assembly are described. PET data were acquired with and without MR sequences running, and detector flood histograms were compared with the ones generated from the data acquired outside the magnet. A uniform MR phantom was also imaged to assess the effect of the PET detector on the MR data acquisition. Simultaneous PET and MRI studies of a mouse were performed ex vivo. RESULTS PSAPDs can be successfully used to read out large numbers of scintillator crystals coupled through optical fibers with acceptable performance in terms of energy and timing resolution and crystal identification. The PSAPD-LSO detector performs well in the 7-T magnet, and no visible artifacts are detected in the MR images using standard pulse sequences. CONCLUSION The first images from the complete system have been successfully acquired and reconstructed, demonstrating that simultaneous PET and MRI studies are feasible and opening up interesting possibilities for dual-modality molecular imaging studies.
Japan’s robotic future

revisited again until the book’s conclusion. The conclusion also introduces another framework for analysis, that of indigenous Chinese concepts of orthopraxy (zheng), efficacy (ling), the virtual/empty (xu), movement (dong) vs. quietness ( jing), and “correlative resonance” (ganying), using these to map Shanghai residents’ diverse interests in and approaches to the sacred. At times, however, the vast material that the authors present in a modest-sized volume feels a little under-analyzed. One is bounced back and forth between different religious communities as one might experience sights and sounds on a ride at the Shanghai Disney Resort without always having clear road marks as to how to make sense of the diversity. This approach might have worked better had the authors divided the book according to the concepts presented in the conclusion and used this as a thread to tie their study together. Some critical engagement with the growing number of works on post-Mao urban Chinese religiosity in settings other than Shanghai would also have enhanced the book. Nonetheless, the authors have put together an impressively vast amount of research in creative and original ways, making Shanghai Sacred an indispensable resource for scholars of contemporary Chinese religion as well as sociologists, anthropologists, and urban geographers interested in the impact of rapid urbanization on sociality in Asia. It should also finally put to rest the notion that religion is not thriving in contemporary China, with or without the support of the state. By the time one finishes reading this book, it is abundantly clear that even the seemingly secular, ultra-modern space of China’s largest city is deeply infused with the sacred.
A Fuzzy Approach for Clustering Gene Expression Time Series Data

Identifying groups of genes that manifest similar expression patterns is crucial in the analysis of gene expression time series data. Choosing a similarity measure to determine the similarity or distance between profiles is an important task. Time series expression experiments are used to study a wide range of biological systems. More than 80% of all time series expression datasets are short (8 time points or fewer). These datasets present unique challenges. On account of the large number of genes profiled (often tens of thousands) and the small number of time points many patterns are expected to arise at random. Most clustering algorithms are unable to distinguish between real and random patterns. However, the shortness of gene expression time-series data limits the use of conventional statistical models and techniques for time-series analysis. To address this problem, this paper proposes the Fuzzy clustering algorithm based on short time-series, which is able to cluster profiles based on the similarity of their relative change of expression level and the corresponding temporal in- formation. One of the major advantages of fuzzy clustering is that genes can belong to more than one group, revealing distinctive features of each gene's function and regulation.
Maternal and paternal infant-directed speech in the family culture of first- and second-born infants

ABSTRACT We compared the structure and the content of mothers’ and fathers’ infant-directed speech as a function of infant birth order. Seven first-born and four second-born infants were video-recorded during their natural dyadic interactions with their mothers and fathers at home from the second to the sixth month after birth at 15-day intervals. Microanalysis of parental speech according to infant birth order revealed structural variations, qualitative and quantitative differences that indicate patterns of complementarity and, stability with mother and father. These results are discussed in relation to the psychobiological theory of intersubjectivity and of the complementary, intimate and trusted company and care both parents give to the developing personality of infants.
Comparing Inhibitory response in Children and Teenagers Diagnosed with Obsessive and Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Behavior disorders are associated with a number of factors that go beyond symptoms, including cognitive functioning and the relationship with the neurofunctional systems. In OCD and ADHD difficulties in executive functioning have been described, being the response inhibition one of the most consistent common failures in different studies despite that the two clinical pictures differ in behavioral characteristics related to this skill. The aim was to compare the inhibitory response of healthy Colombian children and adolescents and diagnosed with ADHD or OCD. A descriptive, comparative, correlational analysis of cases and controls, where the sample of 31 patients with ADHD, 31 with OCD and 66 controls were selected by intention, being of Colombian origin, between 10-19 years old to whom the Test Stroop of Colors and Words second edition was applied doing analysis of the scores T of the calculated interference. Through non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests, we identify general differences between the clinical groups with the controls (K-W:10.979, dƒ = 2, p = 4.13x10-3). And specific differences with the Wilcoxon Test; Between Controls vs TOC (W-T p = 0.03), vs ADHD (W-T p = 2.00x10-3), but not between clinical groups TOC vs ADHD (p = 0.27). When comparing through U-MannWhitney test by age range differences are found between the same groups for participants between 13-16 years in ADHD vs controls (p = 5.00x10-3), identifying correlation between age and interference only for the TOC group (R2 = 0.98). As described in the scientific literature, it is not possible to identify differences in case-control performance in inhibitory control of interference between people with OCD and ADHD, but between these and controls, confirming the common aspect of inhibitory failures, even when differ in behavioral manifestations. Age represents an important element indicating that there is a change component related to maturation of the nervous system, leading to better inhibition performance as the age for the OCD group increases.
Dissociation of MgSiO3 in the Cores of Gas Giants and Terrestrial Exoplanets

CaIrO3-type MgSiO3 is the planet-forming silicate stable at pressures and temperatures beyond those of Earth's core-mantle boundary. First-principles quasiharmonic free-energy computations show that this mineral should dissociate into CsCl-type MgO cotunnite-type SiO2 at pressures and temperatures expected to occur in the cores of the gas giants + and in terrestrial exoplanets. At ∼10 megabars and ∼10,000 kelvin, cotunnite-type SiO2 should have thermally activated electron carriers and thus electrical conductivity close to metallic values. Electrons will give a large contribution to thermal conductivity, and electronic damping will suppress radiative heat transport.