Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifiability and Parameter Estimation of the Single Particle Lithium-Ion Battery Model

This paper investigates the identifiability and estimation of the parameters of the single particle model (SPM) for lithium-ion battery simulation. Identifiability is addressed both in principle and in practice. The approach begins by grouping parameters and partially nondimensionalising the SPM to determine the maximum expected degrees of freedom in the problem. We discover that excluding open-circuit voltage (OCV), there are only six independent parameters. We then examine the structural identifiability by considering whether the transfer function of the linearized SPM is unique. It is found that the model is unique provided that the electrode OCV functions have a known nonzero gradient, the parameters are ordered, and the electrode kinetics are lumped into a single charge-transfer resistance parameter. We then demonstrate the practical estimation of model parameters from measured frequency-domain experimental electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data, and show additionally that the parametrized model provides good predictive capabilities in the time domain, exhibiting a maximum voltage error of 20 mV between the model and the experiment over a 10-min dynamic discharge.
The Youth Employment Challenge in Nigeria

Despite the appreciable economic growth in recent years, youth unemployment is still an unsettling issue in Nigeria. On average, about 4.5 million people enter the labour market annually, most of whom are young jobseekers. Yet, due to slow economic growth, only 10 percent of them could be absorbed by the labour market. In addition, 43.2 million workers operate in the informal economy and wage levels are far below the statutory minimum. The national government should deal with the issues of youth employment generation and poverty eradication, matters which need a wide array of policies that must be able to create decent jobs for the youth. As this comment points out, the devising of well-designed policies is not enough, and strategies must be seen through, evaluated and assessed, and their impact determined so as to address youth employment challenge rigorously.
Transforming reactive auto-scaling into proactive auto-scaling

Elasticity is a key characteristic of cloud platforms enabling resource to be acquired on-demand in response to time-varying workloads. We introduce a new elasticity management framework that takes as input commonly used reactive rule-based scaling strategies but offers in return proactive auto-scaling. The elasticity framework combines reactive and predictive auto-scaling techniques, and we discuss the specification and performance of these individual components. We present a case study, based on real datasets, to demonstrate that our framework is capable of making appropriate auto-scaling decisions that can improve resource utilization compared to that obtained from a purely reactive approach.
Performance Study of a Secure Routing Protocol in Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a special type of mobile wireless network where a collection of mobile devices form a temporary network without any aid of an established infrastructure. Security issues put special challenges in MANET routing protocol design. This paper focuses on the performance study for security of a MANET routing protocol, and particularly on the improvement of the security for dynamic source routing protocol (DSR). We improve the security of routing for the existing DSR protocol by enhancing the concept of trust value, the selection of a secure route will be based on these trust values, ns-2 simulations are performed to evaluate the impact of applying trust value based route selection to the DSR protocol
Dispersion Entropy: A Measure for Time-Series Analysis

One of the most powerful tools to assess the dynamical characteristics of time series is entropy. Sample entropy (SE), though powerful, is not fast enough, especially for long signals. Permutation entropy (PE), as a broadly used irregularity indicator, considers only the order of the amplitude values and hence some information regarding the amplitudes may be discarded. To tackle these problems, we introduce a new method, termed dispersion entropy (DE), to quantify the regularity of time series. We gain insight into the dependency of DE on several straightforward signal-processing concepts via a set of synthetic time series. The results show that DE, unlike PE, can detect the noise bandwidth and simultaneous frequency and amplitude change. We also employ DE to three publicly available real datasets. The simulations on real-valued signals show that the DE method considerably outperforms PE to discriminate different groups of each dataset. In addition, the computation time of DE is significantly less than that of SE and PE.
Motoneuron Excitability and Muscle Spasms Are Regulated by 5-ht 2b and 5-ht 2c Receptor Activity. 2 3 1

Motoneuron excitability and muscle spasms are regulated by 1 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptor activity. 2 3 Katherine C. Murray, Marilee J. Stephens, Edmund W. Ballou, Charles J. Heckman, 4 and David J. Bennett 5 Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Physiology, 6 Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. 7 8 9 Running Title: 5-HT2B receptors on motoneurons 10
Improving 3D Character Posing with a Gestural Interface

The most time-consuming part of character animation is 3D character posing. Posing using a mouse is a slow and tedious task that involves sequences of selecting on-screen control handles and manipulating the handles to adjust character parameters, such as joint rotations and end effector positions. Thus, various 3D user interfaces have been proposed to make animating easier, but they typically provide less accuracy. The proposed interface combines a mouse with the Leap Motion device to provide 3D input. A usability study showed that users preferred the Leap Motion over a mouse as a 3D gestural input device. The Leap Motion drastically decreased the number of required operations and the task completion time, especially for novice users.
Annuity Values in Defined Contribution Retirement Systems: The Case of Singapore and Australia

In this paper we derive and compare the value of life annuity products in an international context. Our specific goal is to assess the money's worth and adverse selection impact of annuities in two countries Singapore and Australia that have mandatory DC-type retirement plans. This similarity in plan type is offset by differences in the two countries' national retirement policies. Our comparison therefore exploits the natural experiment in annuity pricing and purchase behaviour under alternative retirement regimes. The results show that after controlling on administrative loadings, there appear to be important differences in measured adverse selection across countries. Specifically, selection appears to be far stronger in the presence of a generous public benefit scheme that provides a first line of defence against the risk of old-age poverty.
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by delays in socialization and communication skills as well as the presence of rituals and stereotypies (Fernell & Gillberg, 2010; Sevlever & Gillberg, 2010). Additionally, these individuals engage in a variety of challenging behaviors, including aggression, self-injurious behaviors, and stereotypies. These problem behaviors are exhibited by about half of individuals carrying such diagnoses and these difficulties are often the family's initial cause for concern and A B S T R A C T Challenging behaviors are deemed extremely common within the autism spectrum disorders (ASD) population. Numerous factors and their effects upon the presence and severity of challenging behaviors within this population have been investigated. However, there has been limited research to investigate the effects of cultural differences on challenging behaviors. The aim of the current study was to examine differences between cultures in the reported presence and severity of a multitude of challenging behaviors commonly displayed by children with ASD. The Autism Spectrum Disorders-Behavior Problems for Children was used to assess possible differences between the United States and three other countries (South Korea, Israel, and the United Kingdom). Relatively few differences were found between the United States and both South Korea and Israel, with the United States endorsing a higher presence and severity on items that differed. In contrast, the United States and the United Kingdom differed on nearly half of the behavior items assessed with the United Kingdom reporting greater endorsements. The potential implications of these results are discussed.
A ug 2 00 2 Asteroids Observed by The Sloan Digital Sky Survey

We announce the first public release of the SDSS Moving Object Catalog, with SDSS observations for 58,117 asteroids. The catalog lists astrometric and photometric data for moving objects observed prior to Dec 15, 2001, and also includes orbital elements for 10,592 previously known objects. We analyze the correlation between the orbital parameters and optical colors for the known objects, and confirm that asteroid dynamical families, defined as clusters in orbital parameter space, also strongly segregate in color space. Their distinctive optical colors indicate that the variations in chemical composition within a family are much smaller than the compositional differences between families, and strongly support earlier suggestions that asteroids belonging to a particular family have a common origin.
High data rate UHF satcom

Users of UHF satcom require higher data rates to support today's sophisticated C4I mission planning and execution methods that are associated with the digital battlefield of the war fighter. Unfortunately, the UHF satcom channel has characteristics which prevent the implementation of advanced modulation techniques developed in the commercial industry. As an example, the QAM modulation format of cable modems cannot be transmitted through the limiters in the UHF satellites because it does not have a constant waveform envelope. For optimum UHF satellite transponder performance, the modulation must have a constant envelope. This paper discusses modulation formats that have a constant envelope and a bits/Hertz performance much closer to Shannon's (1949) limit than the current waveforms on UHF satcom. A set of waveforms is presented which is compatible with the UHF satcom specifications and provides the desired data rate improvement without requiring additional bandwidth. These waveforms allow a doubling of the current data rates without requiring additional bandwidth. In many applications these increased data rates are available without increased transmitter power.
Sharing Video Emotional Information in the Web

Video growth over the Internet changed the way users search, browse and view video content. Watching movies over the Internet is increasing and becoming a pastime. The possibility of streaming Internet content to TV, advances in video compression techniques and video streaming have turned this recent modality of watching movies easy and doable. Web portals as a worldwide mean of multimedia data access need to have their contents properly classified in order to meet users' needs and expectations. The authors propose a set of semantic descriptors based on both user physiological signals, captured while watching videos, and on video low-level features extraction. These XML based descriptors contribute to the creation of automatic affective meta-information that will not only enhance a web-based video recommendation system based in emotional information, but also enhance search and retrieval of videos affective content from both users' personal classifications and content classifications in the context of a web portal.
Prostatic Disease and Sexual Dysfunction

Prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are common prostatic diseases. Furthermore, the incidence of prostate cancer has recently shown a rapid increase, even in Korea. Pain caused by prostatitis may induce sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction and ejaculatory disturbance. And BPH itself, or treatments for BPH, may affect sexual function. In addition, with increased detection of localized prostate cancer, surgical treatments and radiation therapy have also increased, and the treatments may cause sexual dysfunction. Aging is also an important factor in the deterioration of the quality of life of men. Deterioration of quality of life caused by prostate diseases may be affected not only by the prostate diseases themselves but also by the sexual dysfunction caused by the prostate diseases secondarily. Thus, consideration of these points at the time of treatment of prostate disease is required. Therapies suitable to each condition should be selected with an understanding of the close association of prostate diseases and associated sexual dysfunction with the quality of life of males.
Adaptive Probability Theory: Human Biases as an Adaptation

Humans make mistakes in our decision-making and probability judgments. While the heuristics used for decision-making have been explained as adaptations that are both efficient and fast, the reasons why people deal with probabilities using the reported biases have not been clear. We will see that some of these biases can be understood as heuristics developed to explain a complex world when little information is available. That is, they approximate Bayesian inferences for situations more complex than the ones in laboratory experiments and in this sense might have appeared as an adaptation to those situations. When ideas as uncertainty and limited sample sizes are included in the problem, the correct probabilities are changed to values close to the observed behavior. These ideas will be used to explain the observed weight functions, the violations of coalescing and stochastic dominance reported in the literature.
Automated Instantiation of Heterogeneous Fast Flow CPU/GPU Parallel Pattern Applications in Clouds

Parallel scientific workloads typically entail highly-customised software environments, involving complex data structures, specialised systems software, and even distinct hardware, where virtualisation is not necessarily supported by third-party providers. Considering the expansion of cloud computing in different domains and the development of different proprietary (e.g. Amazon Web Services, Azure) and open source cloud platforms (Eucalyptus, OpenStack, OpenNebula), users should arguably be able to automatically and seamlessly migrate their parallel workloads across cloud platforms using standardised virtual machines. However, even if it is easier to migrate the workload between nodes when the nodes have a similar configuration on the same platform, the transition between different platforms typically raises different issues such as vendor lock-in, portability, and interoperability. In this paper, we describe our work to automatically deploy a complex parallel software stack on heterogeneous hybrid cloud platforms. We have elastically deployed FastFlow - a C/C++ pattern-based programming framework for multi-/many-core and distributed platforms -- using virtual machines on both CPU and GPU-based architectures between heterogeneous virtualised platforms. Our approach relies on the standard Open Virtualization Format (OVF) in order to achieve a universal description of virtual appliances. Such a description is not only useful for elastically migrating and deploying, but also to determine the hardware/system software configuration needed switching to any new (cloud) image format. We have successfully evaluated our work using virtual machines based on VirtualBox and Amazon Web Services on local cluster and public cloud providers.
Secrets of the analog operating panels: can they be revealed digitally in the new training simulator

Design of novel interface technologies is challenging especially when the system is to be used in an advanced process control activity. In this paper, we present the design process of a new interactive operating panel system, "Virtual panels," for a training simulator of a Finnish nuclear power station. The Virtual panel concept has been realized as a part of the training simulator's human-system interface by introducing a set of touch-sensitive wall-mounted and table-top displays. The previously used conventional analogue operating panels provided the model for the new digital panel system. The main design aim has been to be able to capture the quality "look and feel" of the old analogue panel system in digital form. Overall, the Virtual panel development has been an invaluable learning experience for the whole multidisciplinary design team, and many innovative solutions but also defensible compromises has needed to be made in order to realize the new digital operating panel system.
A Distance Function Approach for Estimating Technical and Allocative Inefficiency

This paper presents a procedure for measuring technical and allocative inefficiency in an input distance function framework. The procedure involves solving a system of equations to compute the unobserved cost minimizing input vector that is used to compute the cost of allocative inefficiency. The system is non-linear but a rather simple linear approximation may also be used. Thus we show that the input distance function approach provides information not only on the extent of input over - (under-) utilization but also their impact on cost.
Explaining the Genetic Basis of Complex Quantitative Traits through Prediction Models

The functional characterization of genes involved in many complex traits (phenotypes) of plants, animals, or humans can be studied from a computational point of view using different tools. We propose prediction--from the machine learning point of view--to search for the genetic basis of these traits. However, trying to predict an exact value of a phenotype can be too difficult to obtain a confident model, but predicting an approximation, in the form of an interval of values, can be easier. We shall see that trustable and useful models can be obtained from this relaxed formulation. These predictors may be built as extensions of conventional classifiers or regressors. Although the prediction performance in both cases are similar, we show that, from the classification field, it is straightforward to obtain a principled and scalable method to select a reduced set of features in these genetic learning tasks. We conclude by comparing the results so achieved in a real-world data set of barley plants with those obtained with state-of-the-art methods used in the biological literature.
A New Coincident Index of Business Cycles Based on Monthly and Quarterly Series

Popular monthly coincident indices of business cycles, e.g. the composite index and the Stock-Watson coincident index, have two shortcomings. First, they ignore information contained in quarterly indicators such as real GDP. Second, they lack economic interpretation; hence the heights of peaks and the depths of troughs depend on the choice of an index. This paper extends the Stock-Watson coincident index by applying maximum likelihood factor analysis to a mixed-frequency series of quarterly real GDP and monthly coincident business cycle indicators. The resulting index is related to latent monthly real GDP. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Boundary value problems for stochastic budget distribution in search advertisements

In sponsored search auctions, advertisers have to distribute the budget to a series of temporal slots in order to maximize the expected revenue. There exists a budget demand for each temporal slot, which can not be known exactly by the advertiser due to some uncertainties in the search marketing environments. The estimation of the value range of budget demand in a temporal slot seriously affects the advertising performance. In this paper we study the effect of the value range on the revenue and conduct some experiments to validate our model and identified properties with the real-world data collected from practical advertising campaigns. Experimental results show that, under a certain condition, (a) the higher estimation of the upper bound and the lower bound might increase the expected revenue, and (b) the expected revenue is positively proportional to the mean value of the value range and is negatively proportional to the size.
A 12-bit high performance low cost pipeline ADC

This paper presents the design and implementation of a 2.5V 12-bit high performance and low cost pipeline Analog-to-Digital converter (ADC) architecture using CMOS technology. A modified flash ADC was employed instead of the traditional flash ADC to implement the sub-ADC in the designed pipeline ADC scheme to reduce the device complexity and attain lower system power consumption. The designed pipeline ADC architecture is operated at 400 MHz, consumes a total power of 47.7mW. Results indicates that 40% power saving is obtained at 400MHz when the modified flash ADC is used to implement the pipeline sub-ADC instead of a full flash ADC. Such pipeline ADC is the best candidate for many applications where power and size are the major factors.
Chapter 9 Robot Swarms : Dynamics and Control

The field of swarms and swarm robotics, and the more general field of multi-agent dynamic systems is an active research field which has been popular for more than two decades now. Since the pioneering work by Reynolds [1] on simulation of a flock of birds in flight, extensive work has been done on modeling and analysis of the swarm behavior as well as development of swarm control and coordination algorithms. Collection of some of the related results can be found in the recent special journal issues [2, 3], edited books [4–8] and monographs [9–14] on swarm robotics and multi-agent dynamic systems.
Complementarities in Organizational Dispute Resolution Systems: How System Characteristics Affect Individuals' Conflict Experiences

In 1999–2000, a Canadian national government agency pilot-tested different employment dispute resolution systems (DRSs). The author analyzes how DRS characteristics in this natural quasi-experiment affected employees' approaches to conflict management, their attitudes toward conflict at work, and their rate of success in resolving conflict. A system that added negotiation training to a rights-based grievance procedure, she finds, was actually associated with worse conflict-related problems than a system consisting solely of a rights-based grievance procedure. In contrast, the joint use of a rights-based grievance procedure, negotiation training, and an interest-based neutral generated greatly improved outcomes. The author attributes the superior performance of a three-component DRS to complementarities among the components.
PATHWAYS AND CONDITIONS FOR INNOVATION IN FEMALE PROPERTY COMPANIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TWO COLOMBIAN CITIES

This article aim is to make a comparative analysis of environment pathways and institutional conditions to develop innovation processes in female businesses in Bogota and Bucaramanga cities (Colombia). The research starts from developing field’s theory as an analysis mechanism to set up a conceptual network to identify business women as an important agent of business field, and innovation as a strategic process involved in pathways and specific capitals. The methodology is based on a discursive analysis of induced categories around paths and institutional contexts that emerge from a set of 27 semi-structured interviews to collect business women experiences that have developed innovative processes that have been recognized in different settings. As result, the article identifies that, although there are differences on institutional environment in both cities, business women reach to set up favorable strategies for practices develop aim to innovation from their paths. Even though, Bucaramanga ́s institutional context seems to be more favorable for innovation, discursive expressions does not reveal that Bogota is presented as a hostile context.