Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lactose and benign ovarian tumours in a case–control study

We investigated the relation between benign ovarian tumours and lactose among 746 case women identified at seven New York metropolitan hospitals and 404 community controls, age and hospital frequency matched to the expected case distribution. No increase in risk was found for lactose (highest quartile versus lowest: adjusted odds ratio = 0.82 (95% CI 0.57–1.20) or for any other lactose foods. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer. com
Reincarnation in the Ambiance: Devices and Networks with Energy Harvesting

Miniaturization of devices with higher computational capacity coupled with advancement in communication technologies is driving the growth of deployment of sensors and actuators in our surroundings. To keep up the pace with this growth, these tiny, battery-powered devices need small-sized and high-energy density batteries for longer operational time, which calls for improvement in battery technologies. An alternative is to harvest energy from the environment. An important aspect of energy harvesting is that the devices go through birth and death cycles with respect to their power unlike battery powered ones. Another important aspect is that contextual information is also generated while devices harvest energy from their ambiance. In this article we provide a comprehensive study of various types of energy harvesting techniques. We then provide some models used in energy harvesting systems and the design of such systems. We also throw light on the power management and networking aspects of the energy harvesting devices. At the end we discuss the major issues and avenues for further research.
Effect of Task-Based Mirror Therapy on Motor Recovery of the Upper Extremity in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study

Abstract Background and Aims: Mirror therapy (MT) is an alternative therapeutic intervention that uses the interaction of visuomotor-proprioception inputs to enhance movement performance of the impaired limb. Despite strong evidence for task-specific training in stroke, MT has been investigated using nontask movements. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the effectiveness of task-based MT on motor recovery of the upper extremity in chronic stroke patients. Method: In a pretest-posttest single-group design, a convenience sample of 13 chronic stroke patients at an occupational therapy department of a rehabilitation institute was assessed on a task-based MT intervention. Participants received a task-based MT program, performing various tasks by the less affected upper extremity and observing in the mirror box along with conventional management, 4 days per week for 4 weeks. Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), which includes subsection upper extremity (FMA-UE) and subpart upper arm (FMA-UA) and hand (FMA-WH), was used as an outcome measure. Results: Participants showed no significant improvement for FMA-UE and FMA-UA at postassessment. FMA-UE changed from 43% to 51%. Post FMA-UA score showed only 2% improvement. However, there was statistically significant improvement on mean scores of FMA-WH at postassessment (16.21 ± 3.06) as compared with the prescores (12.29 ± 3.1; P < .05). FMA-WH improved from 41% to 54%. Conclusions: The preliminary findings suggest that task-based MT is effective in improving wrist and hand motor recovery in chronic stroke patients. Further studies in the form of randomized trials are needed to validate its effectiveness.
Quantification of biomedical NMR data using artificial neural network analysis: Lipoprotein lipid profiles from 1H NMR data of human plasma

Artificial neural network (ANN) analysis is a new technique in NMR spectroscopy. It is very often considered only as an efficient ‘black‐box’ tool for data classification, but we emphasize here that ANN analysis is also powerful for data quantification. The possibility of finding out the biochemical rationale controlling the ANN outputs is presented and discussed. Furthermore, the characteristics of ANN analysis, as applied to plasma lipoprotein lipid quantification, are compared to those of sophisticated lineshape fitting (LF) analysis. The performance of LF in this particular application is shown to be less satisfactory when compared to neural networks. The lipoprotein lipid quantification represents a regular clinical need and serves as a good example of an NMR spectroscopic case of extreme signal overlap. The ANN analysis enables quantification of lipids in very low, intermediate, low and high density lipoprotein (VLDL, IDL, LDL and HDL, respectively) fractions directly from a 1H NMR spectrum of a plasma sample in <1 h. The ANN extension presented is believed to increase the value of the 1H NMR based lipoprotein quantification to the point that it could be the method of choice in some advanced research settings. Furthermore, the excellent quantification performance of the ANN analysis, demonstrated in this study, serves as an indication of the broad potential of neural networks in biomedical NMR.
MULTI-TENANT DATABASES FOR SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE

Multi Tenant Architecture is basically nothing more than "I am going to run multiple customers on one instance. " So for example, Salesforce.com puts all of its customers on the same database, with just a simple partition in the database to make sure they can't look at each other's data. It gives them all relatively unsophisticated front-end functionality so they can tweak it much like you might tweak a My Yahoo interface. In the implementation of hosted business services, multiple tenants are often consolidated into the same database to reduce total cost of ownership. Common practice is to map multiple single-tenant logical schemas in the application to one multi-tenant physical schema in the database. Such mappings are challenging to create because enterprise applications allow tenants to extend the base schema, e.g., for vertical industries or geographic regions.
Pyramidal and extrapyramidal involvement in experimental infection of cynomolgus monkeys with enterovirus 71

Among the enteroviruses, polioviruses and enterovirus 71 (EV71) are two major neurotropic viruses causing serious neurological manifestations. While polioviruses are being eradicated globally by vaccination, EV71 still has the potential to cause a large outbreak such as that in Taiwan in 1998, in which there were many fatalities. In this study, we determined the neurovirulence of EV71 by neuropathological analysis of cynomolgus monkeys after experimental infection with five EV71 strains, which were isolated from individual patients with fatal encephalitis; meningitis; and hand, foot, and mouth disease. After intraspinal inoculation, the monkeys developed neurological manifestations within 1–6 days post‐inoculation, irrespective of the inoculated strains. These manifestations included not only pyramidal tract signs such as flaccid paralysis, but also extrapyramidal tract signs such as tremor and ataxia. Histological and viral examinations confirmed virus replication in the spinal cord, brainstem, cerebellar cortex, and dentate nuclei, and cerebrum. The strains isolated during the 1970s and 1990s showed no particular differences with respect to neurotropism. Thus, it is clear that EV71 has a wider neurotropism than that of polioviruses. J. Med. Virol. 67:207–216, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bacterial, Fungal, Parasitic, and Viral Myositis

SUMMARY Infectious myositis may be caused by a broad range of bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral agents. Infectious myositis is overall uncommon given the relative resistance of the musculature to infection. For example, inciting events, including trauma, surgery, or the presence of foreign bodies or devitalized tissue, are often present in cases of bacterial myositis. Bacterial causes are categorized by clinical presentation, anatomic location, and causative organisms into the categories of pyomyositis, psoas abscess, Staphylococcus aureus myositis, group A streptococcal necrotizing myositis, group B streptococcal myositis, clostridial gas gangrene, and nonclostridial myositis. Fungal myositis is rare and usually occurs among immunocompromised hosts. Parasitic myositis is most commonly a result of trichinosis or cystericercosis, but other protozoa or helminths may be involved. A parasitic cause of myositis is suggested by the travel history and presence of eosinophilia. Viruses may cause diffuse muscle involvement with clinical manifestations, such as benign acute myositis (most commonly due to influenza virus), pleurodynia (coxsackievirus B), acute rhabdomyolysis, or an immune-mediated polymyositis. The diagnosis of myositis is suggested by the clinical picture and radiologic imaging, and the etiologic agent is confirmed by microbiologic or serologic testing. Therapy is based on the clinical presentation and the underlying pathogen.
Multi-temporal wet snow mapping in alpine context using polarimetric Radarsat-2 time-series

The temporal monitoring of snow cover in mountainous areas is a very important challenge in order to predict snow melting. A way to solve this problematic is the snow detection using polarimetric SAR data. By this way, a set of eight Radarsat-2 images have been acquired over the French Alps during 2009 and 2010. This project proposes to apply snow detection algorithms with some improvements to map dry/no snow cover over the study area under different snow conditions.
IL-23 Contributes to Control of Chronic Helicobacter Pylori Infection and the Development of T Helper Responses in a Mouse Model1

The immune response to Helicobacter pylori involves a mixed T helper-1, T helper-2, and T helper-17 response. It has been suggested that T helper cells contribute to the gastric inflammatory response during infection, and that T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 17 (Th17) subsets may be required for control of H. pylori colonization in the stomach. The relative contributions of these subsets to gastritis and control of infection are still under investigation. IL-23 plays a role in stabilizing and expanding Th17 cell cytokine expression. Expression of IL-23, which is induced in dendritic cells and macrophages following co-culture with H. pylori, has also been reported to increase during H. pylori infection in humans and animal models. To investigate the role of IL-23 in H. pylori, we infected IL-23p19 deficient mice (IL-23−/−) and wild-type littermates with H. pylori strain SS1. At various time points post-infection, we assessed colonization, gastric inflammation, and cytokine profiles in the gastric tissue. Specifically, H. pylori-infected IL-23−/− mice have higher levels of H. pylori in their stomachs, significantly less chronic gastritis, and reduced expression of IL-17 and IFNγ compared to H. pylori-infected wild-type mice. While many of these differences were significant, the H. pylori infected IL-23−/− had mild increases in our measurements of disease severity. Our results indicate that IL-23 plays a role in the activation of the immune response and induction of gastritis in response to H. pylori by contributing to the control of infection and severity of gastritis.
Modulation of host matrix metalloproteinases by bacterial virulence factors relevant in human periodontal diseases.

OBJECTIVE Bacterial pathogens involved in periodontal diseases exert a part of their destructive effect by triggering and inducing host cells to elevate their secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Pathogen-secreted phospholipase (PLC) is one bacterial product that may trigger this host response. The roles of exogenous PLC leading to the release, secretion and expression of MMPs by peripheral blood neutrophils (PMNs), cultured epithelial cells of human gingiva and porcine periodontal ligament were investigated. Also the activities of PLC in the diseased and healthy gingival sulcular fluid (crevicular fluid, GCF) and molecular forms of gelatinases present in dental plaque were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS GCF, salivary and dental plaque samples were analyzed for PLC and proteinase activities. The abilities of PLC to induce PMNs and oral epithelial cells to release and express their MMPs were examined by specific functional, immunological and molecular biology means. RESULTS PMN-derived MMPs were found to predominate in periodontitis GCF and plaque, and PLC activities were higher in GCF of adult periodontitis patients than in healthy controls. Purified bacterial PLC (1 mU ml(-1)) efficiently induced PMN degranulation. PLC also induced MMP expression in the cultured epithelial cells. The strongest response was seen in MMP-9 and less in MMP-2. The induction was dose-dependent in the range of 0.0-1.0 U ml(-1) PI-PLC, and quiescent cultures were more responsive than proliferating ones. PLC induction of MMPs was polar, with increased levels of MMP-9 in the apical region and increased MMP-2 levels secreted in the basal direction. Northern analysis showed a strong increase in mRNA levels of MMP-9 and a smaller increase for MMP-2 and MMP-1. In the second part of the study we investigated the molecular forms of the released MMPs during periodontitis. In bacterial plaque of periodontitis patients the MMP-9 were found to be converted into lower molecular weight forms. Isolated proteinase from Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277) was able to convert human proMMPs to their active forms. CONCLUSION Bacterial PLC may induce degranulation of PMN MMPs and increase MMP expression in oral epithelial cells. The released proteases can be converted into active form by the proteases of plaque bacteria. Thereby, the pathogenic oral bacteria may indirectly participate in the destruction of periodontal tissues.
Distance-based Outlier Detection in Data Streams

Continuous outlier detection in data streams has important applications in fraud detection, network security, and public health. The arrival and departure of data objects in a streaming manner impose new challenges for outlier detection algorithms, especially in time and space efficiency. In the past decade, several studies have been performed to address the problem of distance-based outlier detection in data streams (DODDS), which adopts an unsupervised definition and does not have any distributional assumptions on data values. Our work is motivated by the lack of comparative evaluation among the state-of-the-art algorithms using the same datasets on the same platform. We systematically evaluate the most recent algorithms for DODDS under various stream settings and outlier rates. Our extensive results show that in most settings, the MCOD algorithm offers the superior performance among all the algorithms, including the most recent algorithm Thresh_LEAP.
Towards a proper treatment of coercion phenomena

The interpretation of coercion constructions (to begin a book) has been recently considered as resulting from the operation of type changing. For instance, a phrase of type o (object) is coerced to a phrase of type e (event) under the influence of the predicate. We show that this procedure encounters empirical difficulties. Focussing on the begin/commencer case, we show that the coercion interpretation results both from general semantic processes and properties of the predicate, and we argue that it is best represented at the lexical level. The solution is formulated in the HPSG formalism, where the lexical description of heads includes a specification of the argument and articulates syntax and semantics. We propose that the properties attached to the complement remain the same as they are outside the construction, but that the semantics of the predicate is enriched to include an abstract predicate of which the complement is an argument.
The "bad news scene" as clinical drama part I: writing scenes.

Editor’s Note: In this column, teachers who are currently using literary and artistic materials as part of their curricula will briefly summarize specific works, delineate their purposes and goals in using these media, describe their audience and teaching strategies, discuss their methods of evaluation, and speculate about the impact of these teaching tools on learners (and teachers). Submissions should be three to five double-spaced pages with a minimum of references. Send your submissions to me at University of California, Irvine, Department of Family Medicine, 101 City Drive South, Building 200, Room 512, Route 81, Orange, CA 92868-3298. 949-824-3748. Fax: 714-456-7984. jfshapir@uci.edu.
Glucuronidation of Mycophenolic Acid by Wistar and Mrp2-Deficient TR- Rat Liver Microsomes

In humans, mycophenolic acid (MPA) is metabolized primarily by glucuronidation in the liver to mycophenolate ether glucuronide (MPAGe) and mycophenolate acyl glucuronide (MPAGa). We have previously reported that in perfused livers of TR- rats (lacking the Mrp2 transporter), the clearance and hepatic extraction ratio of MPA were significantly lower compared with control Wistar rats, suggesting a difference in the capacity of the TR- rats to metabolize MPA in situ. There is very little information regarding the phase II metabolic capabilities of TR- rats; therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro glucuronidation of MPA in Wistar and TR- rat liver microsomal protein. A second aim was to determine whether MPAGa, cyclosporine (CsA), and/or its metabolites AM1, AM1c, and AM9 inhibit the metabolism of MPA to MPAGe in rat liver microsomes. MPAGe formation rates by Wistar and TR- microsomes were 0.48 and 0.65 nmol/min/mg, respectively (p = 0.33). Km values for control and TR- microsomes were 0.47 and 0.50 mM, respectively (p = 0.81). The mean (S.E.M.) ratios of MPAGe formation by Wistar rat liver microsomes incubated with 50 μM MPA plus inhibitor versus 50 μM MPA alone were MPAGa 1.2 (0.1), CsA 0.7 (0.1) (p < 0.05), AM1 2.2 (0.3) (p < 0.05), AM1c 1.2 (0.2), and AM9 1.0 (0.2). Our results suggest that lower in situ glucuronidation of MPA in TR- rats may be because of inhibition of glucuronidation by endogenous and exogenous compounds that accumulate in the transporter-deficient rat. Whereas CsA inhibits glucuronidation of MPA, its metabolite AM1 enhances MPAGe formation by rat liver microsomes.
Study And Analysis Of Enhancement And Edge Detection Method For Human Bone Fracture X-Ray Image

Recent developments in medical imaging techniques have brought a new research field in image processing which comprises medical image enhancement and edge detection. The principal aim is to improve medical diagnosis to obtain imagebased information, such as the detection and localization of pathological deformations. X-ray digital real-time imaging detection technology has been widely used with its quick speed, high sensitivity, low cost characteristics and so on. Using various types of filters we can remove the noise from degraded image. The edge function is used to detect edges, which are those places in an image that correspond to object boundaries.
A Blueprint for Joint Research between Academia and Industry

This paper suggests a blueprint for research initiatives between academia and industry. It is meant to stimulate the discussion of the benefits arising from such collaborative work between researchers in universities and practitioners in the field. We show how both rigour and relevance can be ensured in such a collaborative setting. The paper presents a generic model (the CBR Model), developed over eight years and successfully implemented in an existing longitudinal collaboration. The model consists of four different key areas (funding, topic, cooperation, interpretation) as well as three layers relating to time intervals ((yearly, medium term (3 years), long term). The model is designed to provide researchers with a guideline for setting up similar collaborative arrangements between researchers and industry partners.
Urban area temporal changing analysis and modeling in Chiang Mai, Thailand

The objective of this research was to study the change temporal of urban community by using case studies of Chiang Mai municipality and the surrounding area with the technique application of Satellite Remote Sensing data analysis as the study tool in order to understand the existing issues more obvious and then use the basic information for supporting the infrastructure for person who requires developing the structure or urban community pattern in the future. The result of the study indicated that the central business district and residential area has tripled in size between 1989 and 2011. Specially, after year 2000 urban sprawl in Chiang Mai municipality caused large scale encroachment on high potential agricultural lands. The study indicated that the land allocation system in the Chiang Mai municipality overrode the landuse plan, which caused the loss of agricultural land. The residential area became a central business district. The recommended policy options might support decision makers to resolve further loss of agricultural land and plantation.
The influence of coconut fibre and salts composite used for eliminating slipperiness and on roads on soils

The subject of the study is analyzing the impact of coconut fibre and salt mixture used for eliminating slipperiness on roads on roadside soil. The tests were done on the soil samples taken from the fixed areas twice: in the autumn before applying the composite and in the following spring. Laboratory tests indicated decrease of conduciveness in soil after using the composite in wintertime. This can cause decreasing saltiness of roadside soil. In contrast to commonly used methods of eliminating slipperiness on roads with salts only applying the composite could diminish the negative effects of roadside soil saltiness.
Reversible Paresis of the Left Hand Related to a Migraine Without Aura Attack

Introduction:The comorbidity between migraine and stroke continues to be a debated topic. Prior cases of reversible neuroradiologic lesions have been described in migrainous patients and in particular for those suffering from migraine with aura or complicated migraine attacks. Case Report:We describe a patient that presented with a migraine without aura (MO) attack followed by paresis of the left hand that resolved completely within 4 days. An early brain magnetic resonance image (MRI) showed congruent cytotoxic-like alteration, whereas the lesion was no longer detectable on a standard 8-day MRI follow-up. A focused high-resolution MRI disclosed a very small cortical lesion, whereas a functional MRI demonstrated normal activation of the previously affected cortex at 8-month follow-up. Conclusions:This MO patient presented with an ischemic-like lesion associated with migraine that reversed completely on MRI examination suggesting that migrainous infarction can occur in MO. Focused high-resolution sequences at follow-up might disclose subtle cortical lesions that could be more frequent than thought, coexisting with the well-known white matter hyperintensities not associated with neurological signs.
Factors Influencing Implementation of 4G with Mobile Ad-hoc Networks In m-Governance Environment

Mobile Governance is at implementation stage in various countries including India. The mGovernance can be a whole range of government services and applications, available via various mobile networks which are designed for a broad range of devices. The m-Governance environment need low cost infrastructure which must also provide high quality transmission and constant connectivity. Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETS) are self-creating, self-organizing, and self-administrating. MANET offer unique benefits and versatility if the environment and application is appropriate and m-governance is one such application. Due to this reason MANETS can be easily adapted to m-Governance. The Fourth Generation (4G) of communication systems, which also combines wireless local networks and cellular networks, are expected to significantly influence the design and implementation of MANETS in m-Governance environment. In this paper, an attempt is made to provide an understanding of 4G concepts and identify its potential in design and implementation in m-Governance environment of wireless networks such as MANETS. This paper will also discuss factors influencing the commercial deployment into MANET.