Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stem cell technology in breast cancer: current status and potential applications Stem Cells and Cloning: Advances and Applications

: Breast cancer, the leading cause of cancer among females, is supported by the presence of a rare subset of undifferentiated cells within the tumor, identified as breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). BCSCs underlie the mechanisms of tumor initiation and sustenance and are implicated in the dissemination of the primary tumor to metastatic sites, as they have been found circulating in the blood of breast cancer patients. The discovery of BCSCs has generated a great amount of interest among the scientific community toward their isolation, molecular characterization, and therapeutic targeting. In this review, after summarizing the literature on molecular characterization of BCSCs and methodologies used for their isolation, we will focus on recent data supporting their molecular and functional heterogeneity. Additionally, following a synopsis of the latest approaches for BCSC targeting, we will specifically emphasize on the therapeutic use of naïve or engineered normal stem cells in the treatment of breast cancer and present contradictory findings challenging their safety.
Stress and its association with working efficiency of junior doctors during three postgraduate residency training programs

Background: The residency training period in the medical profession is well known for physical and mental stress, which may affect cognitive function and practical life. The aims of this study were to assess prevalence of stress among the resident trainees of the three medical specialties of Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCHS) training programs, namely, Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Family Medicine, and their association with training years, sex, and marital status. This study also aimed to correlate the stress levels with the working efficiency and self-perceived general health problems. Participants and methods: Resident trainee physicians of SCHS were invited to complete a stress inventory Kessler 10, which is used for stress measurement. Pearson’s chi-square test ( χ 2 ) and odds ratios (ORs) were used to quantify the associations between categorical variables. A P -value of  0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 318 (out of 389, with the response rate of 82%) resident trainees participated in this study. The mean ( ± standard deviation) age of the study population was 27.9 ( ± 1.6) years. The results showed 70.4% of resident trainees had stressful conditions, which consisted of severe stress: 22.6%, moderate stress: 20.4%, and mild stress: 27.4%. During the 1st year (R-1), moderate stress (OR = 5.87; 95% confidence interval = 2.93–17.79; P = 0.001) and severe stress (OR = 11.15; 95% confidence interval = 4.35–28.51; P = 0.0001) levels were quite high. The highest stress level was found in Emergency Medicine (80.5%), followed by Internal Medicine (73.6%), and Family Medicine (63.2%) ( χ 2 = 6.42; P = 0.04). The stress level decreased with the increase of years of training in Emergency Medicine ( χ 2 = 23.76; P  0.0001) and Internal Medicine ( χ 2 = 60.12; P  0.0001), whereas increased in Family Medicine ( χ 2 = 11.80; P = 0.008). High stress level was significantly associated with absence from duty days ( χ 2 = 28.48, P  0.0001), inefficient day activities ( χ 2 = 39.15; P  0.0001), and general health problems ( χ 2 = 45.27; P  0.0001) of resident trainees. Conclusion: We found significantly high levels of stress among the resident trainees of SCHS. High levels of stress may have an effect on their working efficiency and general physical health. The high stress level decreased efficient day activity and made
α -Catenin homodimers are recruited to phosphoinositide-activated membranes to promote adhesion

α 2005), A unique feature of α -catenin localized outside the cadherin–catenin complex is its capacity to form homodimers, but the subcellular localization and functions of this form of α -catenin remain incompletely understood. We identified a cadherin-free form of α -catenin that is recruited to the leading edge of migrating cells in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase– dependent manner. Surface plasmon resonance analysis shows that α -catenin homodimers, but not monomers, selec-tively bind phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate–containing lipid vesicles with high affinity, where three basic residues, K488, K493, and R496, contribute to binding. Chemical-induced dimerization of α -catenin containing a synthetic dimerization domain promotes its accumulation within lamellipodia and elaboration of protrusions with ex-tended filopodia, which are attenuated in the α -catenin KKR<3A mutant. Cells restored with a full-length, natively homodi-merizing form of α -catenin KKR<3A display reduced membrane recruitment, altered epithelial sheet migrations, and weaker cell–cell adhesion compared with WT α -catenin. These findings show that α -catenin homodimers are recruited to phosphoinositide-activated membranes to promote adhesion and migration, suggesting that phosphoinositide binding may be a defining feature of α -catenin function outside the cadherin–catenin complex.
Dynamical networks: ﬁnding, measuring, and tracking neural population activity using network theory

Systems neuroscience is in a head-long rush to record from as many neurons at the same time as possible. As the brain computes and codes using neuron populations, it is hoped these data will uncover the fundamentals of neural computation. But with hundreds, thousands, or more simultaneously recorded neurons comes the inescapable problems of visualising, describing, and quantifying their interactions. Here I argue that network theory provides a set of scalable, analytical tools that already solve these problems. By treating neurons as nodes and their interactions as links, a single network can visualise and describe an arbitrarily large recording. I show that with this description we can quantify the eﬀects of manipulating a neural circuit, track changes in population dynamics over time, and quantitatively deﬁne theoretical concepts of neural populations such as cell assemblies. Using network theory as a core part of analysing population recordings will thus provide both qualitative and quantitative advances to our understanding of neural computation.
The Impact of Cyber Security on Preventing and Mitigating Electronic Crimes in the Jordanian Banking Sector

—As technology advances and cyber threats continue to evolve, cyber security professionals play a critical role in developing and implementing robust security measures, staying ahead of potential risks, and mitigating the impact of cyber incidents. Many studies have examined the impact of cyber security on banks, without focusing on electronic crimes. Despite its importance, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies on the impact of cyber security on mitigating electronic crimes in the banking sector. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to ascertain how cyber security affects electronic crimes in the Jordanian banking industry. The study sample consisted of 270 senior Jordanian managers and employees who understand the importance of cyber security in the banking sector in 14 Jordanian commercial banks, listed on the Amman stock exchange. The study used SPSS to evaluate how banks can enhance network security infrastructure to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches and also to find out the role of cybersecurity in granting competitive advantage to banks. A relative importance index (RII) was conducted to rank the importance of variables’ statements and test the hypotheses. The results found the most important method through which banks can effectively mitigate the risk of electronic crimes and ensure the security of customers’ financial data is that banks utilize robust encryption technologies to ensure the protection of customer financial data while it is being transmitted and when it is stored (RII=0.740). About 81.5 % of the sample agree, also, banks that have a strong cyber security system provide a secure platform for digital financial services which increases the competitive advantage as they were ranked first for their relative importance at both the category level and overall ranking with (RII=0.754). The study recommended that the banking industry, must consistently educate its customers on information security techniques and how to avoid hacking into their accounts, and develop an alert system that can raise awareness for both banks and bank customers if there is any possible entry or access to the customer's account or organization confidential information.
Contribution of temporal data to predictive performance in 30-day readmission of morbidly obese patients

Background. Reduction of readmissions after discharge represents an important challenge for many hospitals and has attracted the interest of many researchers in the past few years. Most of the studies in this field focus on building cross-sectional predictive models that aim to predict the occurrence of readmission within 30-days based on information from the current hospitalization. The aim of this study is demonstration of predictive performance gain obtained by inclusion of information from historical hospitalization records among morbidly obese patients.
Musculoskeletal Disorders and Treatment

Introduction: Globally, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) combined account for more than a fifth of the total years lived with disability. This condition affects workers alone and people across the life-course in all regions of the world. Despite this long-standing awareness, MSDs continue to be the main reason associated with people with a work-related illness. The aim of this study is to explore the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among workers in sugar factories in Jinja-Uganda. Methodology: This study implored a cross-sectional study design among the sugar factory workers considering their baseline data. A structured, standardized questionnaire Nordic Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire (NMQ) was used to capture the data. A sample size of 402 was divided equally among two sugar factories, A and B. Ethical approvals were sought from the relevant bodies before conducting the study. Results: The quantitative data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 26, a descriptive statistic such as mean, standard deviation, percentages, and frequencies was conducted. A higher prevalence of 77.1% was reported among Factory A and 28.4% in Factory B in 12 months. The respondents were the lower back region, 63.7%, and the upper back region, 46.3%, was the most affected body region. An independent t-test showed statistical differences between the following variables in both factories; age (p = 0.000), BMI (p = 0.000), duration of work in the field per day (p = 0.033), systolic (p = 0.000), and diastolic rate (p = 0.000). Conclusion: This study revealed a very high prevalence among the sugar factory workers due to high ergonomic risk exposure during respondents' work activities. Due to the recorded high prevalence, an ergonomic intervention among the workers to enhance their wellness by addressing SDGs goal number 3 was recommended. This will reduces the socioeconomic burden of work-related absenteeism and ultimately increases the productivity among the sugar factory workers. Level of evidence: Level I.
Traditional use of medicinal plants in the Chyangthapu-Phalaicha biological sub-corridor, Panchthar District, Kangchenjunga Landscape, Nepal

Background: Chyangthapu-Phalaicha located in the northeastern Panchthar District, is a biodiversity hotspot in the Eastern Himalaya. The area is dominated by the Kirat indigenous community. The present study was conducted to document the knowledge of the ethnomedicinal uses and practices that exist in the area before the associated socio-cultural knowledge on biological diversity is lost. Methods: Ethnomedicinal data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires. Stakeholders meetings were organized for assessing the conservation issues in the sub-corridor. The importance of medicinal plant species was assessed using quantitative indices such as informant consensus factor, relative frequency of citation, relative importance, fidelity level and Rahman’s similarity index. Results: Altogether, 140 medicinal plant species from 68 families and 127 genera were reported, which were used to treat 12 health disorders categories. The dominant families were Asteraceae and Fabaceae which contributed eight species each. Fifty-five percent of the total medicinal plant species comprised of herbs. The most frequently used plant parts were underground parts (33%) and leaf (15%). The most common remedies preparation method was extract. Oral administration was the most common therapeutic mode (60%). Maximum informant consensus factor (0.96) was calculated for gastrointestinal disorders. The highest relative frequency of citation and fidelity level was observed for Swertia chirayita (0.83 and 100% respectively). Artemisia dubia depicted the highest relative importance (91.67). A thorough review of previous literature and analysis of field data revealed new therapeutic use reports for 41 ailments associated with 52 plant species. The Rahman similarity index was high with the studies in neighbouring areas, while it was low with the geographically distant studies. Conclusions: The ethnomedicinal study of the Chyangthapu-Phalaicha biological sub-corridor in the Kangchenjunga Landscape indicates that the area supports significant medicinal plants and associated traditional knowledge. The varied use of reported medicinal plants in the area indicates the need for their domestication, processing and phytochemical investigation, especially for those with high ethnobotanical indices.
An analytical plasma screening potential based on the self-consistent-field ion-sphere model

The radial dependence of the free electron density within the ion sphere radius in finite temperature dense plasmas shows characteristic scaling laws that permit us to derive analytical plasma screening potentials. A generalized analytical approach is developed which shows good agreement with self-consistent quantum mechanical calculations. It is empirically discovered that anomalous strong scaling in the analytical model provides agreement with data obtained in a regime where the lattice structure still prevails.The radial dependence of the free electron density within the ion sphere radius in finite temperature dense plasmas shows characteristic scaling laws that permit us to derive analytical plasma screening potentials. A generalized analytical approach is developed which shows good agreement with self-consistent quantum mechanical calculations. It is empirically discovered that anomalous strong scaling in the analytical model provides agreement with data obtained in a regime where the lattice structure still prevails.
Video night in Kathmandu and other reports from the not-so-far-east / Pico Iyer

When Pico Iyer began his travels, he wanted to know how Rambo conquered Asia. Why did Dire Straits blast out over Hiroshima, Bruce Springsteen over Bali and Madonna over all? If he was eager to learn where East meets West, how pop culture and imperialism penetrated through the world's most ancient civilisations, then the truths he began to uncover were more startling, more subtle, more complex than he ever anticipated. Who was hustling whom? When did this pursuit of illusions and vested interests, with it's curious mix of innocence and calculation, turn from confrontation into the mating dance? Iyer travelled to Bali where despite tourism he realised that Paradise might not be lost after all. He checked on how Tibet was faring as the word's last secret to be revealed to full view. In Nepal, he saw how the Dharma path met Freak Street, and witnessed in China how doors locked to trade were thrown open with breathless courtesy. This is a world where the movie star has become a god and Rajiv Gandhi a celluloid hero, and to travel with Iyer is to experience the seductions and ironies of today's Asian cultures - and our own.
relationship between lower limb position and pelvic floor muscle surface electromyography activity in menopausal women: a prospective observational study

Objectives: In physiotherapeutic practice, special attention is being given to the reciprocal anatomical, physiological, and biomechanical relationship of the pelvis and the structures connected to it. However, the scientific literature shows mainly the theoretical information about their mutual connections. The lack of information about these relations from a practical aspect coupled with the paucity of scientific papers on the impact of posture changes on the pelvic floor led the authors to conduct this study. The primary aim of this study was to compare the resting and functional bioelectrical activities of pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) depending on three different positions of the lower limbs (positions A, B, and C) in the supine position. Materials and methods: This was a prospective observational study evaluating resting and functional activities of the PFM depending on the position of the lower limbs. The study was carried out at the Department and Clinic of Urology, University Hospital in Wroclaw, Poland and the target group were women in the menopausal period. Bioelectrical activity of PFM was recorded using a surface electromyographic instrument in the supine position. Results of the values obtained in A, B, and C positions were compared using a one-way analysis of variance. Results: In position A, the average resting surface electromyography (sEMG) activity of PFM was 6.9 ± 2.6 µ V; in position B, the result was 6.9 ± 2.5 µ V and in position C, the resting sEMG activity was 5.7 ± 1.8 µ V ( P = 0.0102). The results of the functional bioelectrical activity of PFM were as follows: position A – 20.3 ± 11.8 µ V, position B – 19.9 ± 10.6 µ V, and position C – 25.3 ± 10.9 µ V ( P = 0.0104). Conclusion: The results showed that in the supine position, the PFM achieved the lowest resting activity and the highest functional activity. Therefore, the supine position can be recommended for the diagnosis and therapy of weakened PFM.
Estimating amount and spatial distribution of groundwater recharge in the Iullemmeden basin (Niger) based on 3H, 3He and CFC‐11 measurements

A new approach is presented to estimate the amounts and spatial distribution of groundwater recharge based on the groundwater dating tracers 3H, 3He and CFC‐11. The method was applied in a groundwater project in southwest Niger (Africa). The model developed to simulate observed tracer concentrations is composed of a model to account for the water transported through the unsaturated zone followed by a dispersion box model to determine the age distribution of the sampled groundwater volume. For the unsaturated zone transport, a one‐dimensional approach was used considering tracer transport in the water and the gas phase. The calculated tracer concentrations at the groundwater table are then used as input functions for the subsequent dispersion box model. Using a dispersion box model it is possible to outline regions where recharge preferably occurs. To account for the high variance of soil properties in space, a Monte Carlo simulation was performed.
sialylation facilitates self-assembly of 3D multicellular prostaspheres by using cyclo-rgDfK(TPP) peptide

Background: Prostaspheres-based three dimensional (3D) culture models have provided insight into prostate cancer (PCa) biology, highlighting the importance of cell–cell interactions and the extracellular matrix (EMC) in the tumor microenvironment. Although these 3D classical spheroid cyclo-RGDfK(TPP) MCTS. α 2,6-SA than α 2,3-SA. MCTS volume was dose-dependently reduced following pretreatment with α 2,6-SA-specific neuraminidase ( Vibrio cholerae ). Oseltamivir phosphate enhanced cell aggregation and compaction of 3D MCTS formed with PC3 cells. Conclusion: The relative levels of specific sialoglycan structures on the cell surface correlate with the ability of PCa cells to form avascular multicellular prostaspheres.
Lipoate-binding proteins and specific lipoate-protein ligases 1 in microbial sulfur oxidation reveal an atpyical role for an old 2 cofactor 3

Xinyun Cao, Tobias Koch, Lydia Steffens, Julia Finkensieper, Renate Zigann, John E. 4 Cronan, Christiane Dahl 5 1 Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA 6 2 Institut für Mikrobiologie & Biotechnologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 7 Bonn, Germany 8 3 Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA 9 § Authors contributed equally to this work 10
Particulate matter air pollution exposure: role in the development and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

: Due to the rapid urbanization of the world population, a better understanding of the detrimental effects of exposure to urban air pollution on chronic lung disease is necessary. Strong epidemiological evidence suggests that exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution causes exacerbations of pre-existing lung conditions, such as, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. However, little is known whether a chronic, low-grade exposure to ambient PM can cause the development and progression of COPD. The deposition of PM in the respiratory tract depends predominantly on the size of the particles, with larger particles deposited in the upper and larger airways and smaller particles penetrating deep into the alveolar spaces. Ineffective clearance of this PM from the airways could cause particle retention in lung tissues, resulting in a chronic, low-grade inflammatory response that may be pathogenetically important in both the exacerbation, as well as, the progression of lung disease. This review focuses on the adverse effects of exposure to ambient PM air pollution on the exacerbation, progression, and development of COPD.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Polychlorinated Biphenyl Trends and Source Apportionment in Europe Using Back Trajectories

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are classes of organic substances with most of the individual substances being semivolatile and to some degree resisting degradation in the environment (persistent), hence, undergo long-range transport and reach pristine areas in high altitudes and latitudes. PCBs and even more so PAHs pose significant human health hazards in Europe (WHO, 2003).
Neuroimaging in premotor Parkinson ' s disease

The process of neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease begins long before the onset of clinical motor symptoms, resulting in substantial cell loss by the time a diagnosis can be made. The period between the onset of neurodegeneration and the development of motoric disease would be the ideal time to intervene with disease modifying therapies. This pre-motor phase can last many years, but the lack of a specific clinical phenotype means that objective biomarkers are needed to reliably detect prodromal disease. In recent years, recognition that patients with REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) are at particularly high risk of future parkinsonism has enabled the development of large prodromal cohorts in which to investigate novel biomarkers, and neuroimaging has generated some of the most promising results to date. Here we review investigations undertaken in RBD and other preclinical cohorts, including modalities that are well established in clinical Parkinson’s as well as novel imaging methods. Techniques such as high resolution MRI of the substantia nigra and functional imaging of Parkinsonian brain networks have great potential to facilitate early diagnosis. Further longitudinal studies will establish their true value in quantifying prodromal neurodegeneration and predicting future Parkinson’s. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT