Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk of ovarian cancer in women with symptoms in primary care: population based case-control study

Objective To identify and quantify symptoms of ovarian cancer in women in primary care. Design Case-control study, with coding of participants’ primary care records for one year before diagnosis. Setting 39 general practices in Devon, England. Participants 212 women aged over 40 with a diagnosis of primary ovarian cancer, 2000-7; 1060 controls matched by age and general practice. Main outcome measures Odds ratios and positive predictive values for symptoms from conditional logistic regression analyses. Results Seven symptoms were associated with ovarian cancer in multivariable analysis. The univariable positive predictive values and multivariable odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) for these were 2.5% (1.2% to 5.9%) and 240 (46 to 1200) for abdominal distension; 0.5% (0.2% to 0.9%) and 24 (9.3 to 64) for postmenopausal bleeding; 0.6% (0.3% to 1.0%) and 17 (6.1 to 50) for loss of appetite; 0.2% (0.1% to 0.3%) and 16 (5.6 to 48) for increased urinary frequency; 0.3% (0.2% to 0.3%) and 12 (6.1 to 22) for abdominal pain; 0.2% (0.1% to 0.4%) and 7.6 (2.5 to 23) for rectal bleeding; and 0.3% (0.2% to 0.6%) and 5.3 (1.8 to 16) for abdominal bloating. In 181 (85%) cases and 164 (15%) controls at least one of these seven symptoms was reported to primary care before diagnosis. After exclusion of symptoms reported in the 180 days before diagnosis, abdominal distension, urinary frequency, and abdominal pain remained independently associated with a diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Conclusions Women with ovarian cancer usually have symptoms and report them to primary care, sometimes months before diagnosis. This study provides an evidence base for selection of patients for investigation, both for clinicians and for developers of guidelines.
Self-Organizing n-gram Model for Automatic Word Spacing

An automatic word spacing is one of the important tasks in Korean language processing and information retrieval. Since there are a number of confusing cases in word spacing of Korean, there are some mistakes in many texts including news articles. This paper presents a high-accurate method for automatic word spacing based on self-organizing η-gram model. This method is basically a variant of η-gram model, but achieves high accuracy by automatically adapting context size.In order to find the optimal context size, the proposed method automatically increases the context size when the contextual distribution after increasing it dose not agree with that of the current context. It also decreases the context size when the distribution of reduced context is similar to that of the current context. This approach achieves high accuracy by considering higher dimensional data in case of necessity, and the increased computational cost are compensated by the reduced context size. The experimental results show that the self-organizing structure of η-gram model enhances the basic model.
Location-based spatial queries

In this paper we propose an approach that enables mobile clients to determine the validity of previous queries based on their current locations. In order to make this possible, the server returns in addition to the query result, a validity region around the client's location within which the result remains the same. We focus on two of the most common spatial query types, namely nearest neighbor and window queries, define the validity region in each case and propose the corresponding query processing algorithms. In addition, we provide analytical models for estimating the expected size of the validity region. Our techniques can significantly reduce the number of queries issued to the server, while introducing minimal computational and network overhead compared to traditional spatial queries.
0.5 V asymmetric three-Tr. cell (ATC) DRAM using 90nm generic CMOS logic process

Asymmetric three-Tr. cell (ATC) DRAM which has one P-and two N-MOS transistors for one unit cell is proposed with "forced feedback sense amplifier" and "write echo refresh". Memory array of ATC DRAM operates at 0.5V and use only logic process with no additional process. A test chip on 90 nm technology dissipates 180 /spl mu/A in refresh current at 1 /spl mu/s cycle refresh on 1Mb with SG mode.
Transduction of the Chinese hamster ovary aprt gene by herpes simplex virus

The Chinese hamster ovary adenine phosphoribosyl transferase gene (aprt) was reengineered to be flanked by sequences from the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of herpes simplex virus. This construct was cotransfected with DNA from herpes simplex virus type 1, and after 3 days, virus was harvested and Tk- plaques were selected after the virus was plated on Tk- cells in the presence of bromodeoxycytosine. Recombinant viruses were identified by dot-blot hybridization, and the arrangement of aprt and tk sequences were determined by Southern blot hybridization. Analysis of the recombinants revealed that acquisition of aprt sequences resulted from insertional inactivation of the tk locus as a consequence of homology-based recombination. Recombination was precise, as evidenced by the failure to detect plasmid sequences or the synthetic restriction endonuclease sites that bounded the mutant tk gene in the aprt-tk construct. Infection of Aprt- mouse or Chinese hamster ovary cells with UV-irradiated virus and selection in medium containing azaserine and adenine resulted in the survival of numerous colonies that stably express the aprt gene. Transformed cells synthesized an aprt mRNA that is identical to wild-type mRNA as determined by Northern blot and S1 nuclease analyses. Cells lytically infected with the recombinant virus do not appear to transcribe the aprt gene. Thus, infected cells differentiate between virus and foreign promoters even when a cellular gene is cis to the virus chromosome.
Assessment of Helicobacter pylori clarithromycin resistance mutations in archival gastric biopsy samples.

AIM First, to assess the clarithromycin resistance (Cla(R)) rate 1) in patients with persistent Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection after eradication,2) in patients with untreated infection and 3) in patients with successful status post eradication. Second, to evaluate the techniques sequencing and line probe hybridisation INNO-LipA for resolution of uniform and mixed populations in archival gastric biopsy samples. METHODS The genomic 2142/43 23s rRNA mutations of the 50S ribosomal subunit conferring Cla(R) were detected by PCR-based assays. RESULTS A total of 130 patients were investigated. Out of 21 patients of a first series with persistent infection after eradication, 19 (90%; CI (95%): 67-99%) exhibited point mutations at position 2142/43. In the second series of untreated patients, primary resistance was observed in 8 out of 93 patients (9%; CI: 4-16%). In a third series of 16 successfully eradicated patients, pure wild type populations (WT; for loci 2142/43) without any minimal mutated part were found (resistance rate 0%; CI: 0-21%). Further, in all 24 biopsies with uniform mutated and in 8 of 11 biopsies with mixed populations the two molecular biological methods yielded concordant results (100%; CI: 86-100% and 73%; CI: 39-94%, respectively). CONCLUSION In the Baden region of Switzerland, most clarithromycin resistant H. pylori strains harbour mutations at position 2142/43. The primary resistance rate is below 10%. Mixed populations, even with minor mutated part, cannot become successfully eradicated. The two investigated techniques are equally valid for resolution of uniform mutated or mixed H. pylori populations in archival biopsy material.
Perapion connexum (Schilsky, 1902) (Coleoptera, Apionidae) in Central Europe, a case of plant expansion chase

Abstract Perapion connexum (Schilsky) is recorded for the first time from Hungary and Kyrgyzstan, and new distribution data from Ukraine and Russia are provided. Preliminary placements of this weevil in faunal checklists for Poland and Slovakia are here documented with detailed data. Its occurrence in Austria based on older evidence, is discussed. The neophytic and invasive in Central Europe sorrel Rumex confertus Willd. is confirmed to be its unique host plant in Poland. Morphology of the newcoming weevil is described and illustrated, and the key to all Central European species of Perapion is presented.
Adaptive Disk I/O Scheduling for MapReduce in Virtualized Environment

Virtual machine (VM) interference has long been a challenging problem for performance predictability and system throughput for large-scale virtualized environments in the cloud. Such interferences are contributed by intertwined factors including the application's type, the number of concurrent VMs, and the VM scheduling algorithms used within the host. Since MapReduce has become an important data processing platform in the cloud, we investigate the impact of disk schedulers in Hadoop. Interestingly, our experimental results report a noticeable variation of the Hadoop performance between different applications when applying different disk pairs' schedulers in both the hyper visor and the virtual machines. Furthermore, a typical Hadoop application consists of different interleaving stages, each requiring different I/O workloads and patterns. As a result, the disk pairs' schedulers are not only sub-optimal for different MapReduce applications, but also sub-optimal for different sub-phases of the whole job. Accordingly, this paper presents a novel approach for adaptively tuning the disk pairs' schedulers in both the hyper visor and the virtual machines during the execution of a single MapReduce job. Our results show that MapReduce performance can be signi„0²3cantly improved, speci„0²3cally, adaptive tuning of disk pairs' schedulers achieves a 25% performance improvement on a sort benchmark with Hadoop.
Brain-controlled functional electrical stimulation for lower-limb motor recovery in stroke survivors

Despite the prevalence of stroke-induced gait impairment due to foot drop, current rehabilitative practices to improve gait function are limited, and orthoses can be uncomfortable and do not provide long-lasting benefits. Therefore, novel modalities that may facilitate lasting neurological and functional improvements, such as brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), have been explored. In this article, we assess the feasibility of BCI-controlled functional electrical stimulation (FES) as a novel physiotherapy for post-stroke foot drop. Three chronic stroke survivors with foot drop received three, 1-hour sessions of therapy during 1 week. All subjects were able to purposefully operate the BCI-FES system in real time. Furthermore, the salient electroencephalographic (EEG) features used for classification by the data-driven methodology were determined to be physiologically relevant. Over the course of this short therapy, the subjects' dorsiflexion active range of motion (AROM) improved by 3°, 4°, and 8°, respectively. These results indicate that chronic stroke survivors can operate the BCI-FES system, and that BCI-FES intervention may promote functional improvements.
Studies on the role of leukotrienes in murine allergic and irritant contact dermatitis

A specific peptidoleukotriene receptor antagonist, Ro 23‐3544, was tested for its efficacy in modulating DNFB‐induced allergic and croton oil‐induced irritant contact dermatitis in mouse ears. Treatment shortly after elicitation of the dermatitis, and for up to 5 days thereafter, was moderately effective in suppressing DNFB‐induced ear swelling in a dose‐dependent fashion. Daily pre‐treatment of the ears for 1 week caused a more marked reduction of DNFB‐induced ear swelling during the first 48 h after elicitation. No reduction, but rather an increase in ear swelling was observed with croton oil‐induced dermatitis. These results indicate that peptidoleukotrienes play a role in the early stages of elicitation of murine allergic, but not irritant contact dermatitis and that a specific receptor antagonist can only partially reverse the effect of peptidoleukotrienes once the dermatitis is established.
EVALUATION OF HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF BARRINGTONIA ACUTANGULA FRUIT EXTRACTS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED HYPERGLYCEMIC WISTAR RATS

The objective of the study is to evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of Barringtonia acutangula (BA) fruit extracts i.e. aqueous, methanol and chloroform in streptozotocin (STZ) 50mg /kg induced hyperglycemic Wistar rats. In addition, the effect off all the three extracts of BA fruit on oral glucose tolerance in glucose loaded normal rats was also determined. Aqueous extract (400 mg/kg) treatment in STZ induced hyperglycemic rats showed significant (P<0.001) decrease in fasting blood glucose levels (BGL) both in acute and chronic study. The activity of the extract was comparable to the standard drug glibenclamide (0.9 mg/kg). Acute administration of aqueous extract (400mg/kg) markedly improved oral glucose tolerance in glucose loaded normal rats, indicating its antihyperglycemic activity. The results of present study indicates that methanol and chloroform extracts do not showed significant hypoglycemic activity whereas aqueous extract of BA fruit possess significant hypoglycemic potential in STZ induced hyperglycemic rats.
A reinforcement learning method based on adaptive simulated annealing

Reinforcement learning is a hard problem and the majority of the existing algorithms suffer from poor convergence properties for difficult problems. In this paper we propose a new reinforcement learning method that utilizes the power of global optimization methods such as simulated annealing. Specifically, we use a particularly powerful version of simulated annealing called adaptive simulated annealing (ASA) (Ingber, 1989). Towards this end we consider a batch formulation for the reinforcement learning problem, unlike the online formulation almost always used. The advantage of the batch formulation is that it allows state-of-the-art optimization procedures to be employed, and thus can lead to further improvements in algorithmic convergence properties. The proposed algorithm is applied to a decision making test problem, and it is shown to obtain better results than the conventional Q-learning algorithm.
Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Barmah Forest Virus Disease in Queensland, Australia

Background Barmah Forest virus (BFV) disease is a common and wide-spread mosquito-borne disease in Australia. This study investigated the spatio-temporal patterns of BFV disease in Queensland, Australia using geographical information system (GIS) tools and geostatistical analysis. Methods/Principal Findings We calculated the incidence rates and standardised incidence rates of BFV disease. Moran's I statistic was used to assess the spatial autocorrelation of BFV incidences. Spatial dynamics of BFV disease was examined using semi-variogram analysis. Interpolation techniques were applied to visualise and display the spatial distribution of BFV disease in statistical local areas (SLAs) throughout Queensland. Mapping of BFV disease by SLAs reveals the presence of substantial spatio-temporal variation over time. Statistically significant differences in BFV incidence rates were identified among age groups (χ2 = 7587, df = 7327,p<0.01). There was a significant positive spatial autocorrelation of BFV incidence for all four periods, with the Moran's I statistic ranging from 0.1506 to 0.2901 (p<0.01). Semi-variogram analysis and smoothed maps created from interpolation techniques indicate that the pattern of spatial autocorrelation was not homogeneous across the state. Conclusions/Significance This is the first study to examine spatial and temporal variation in the incidence rates of BFV disease across Queensland using GIS and geostatistics. The BFV transmission varied with age and gender, which may be due to exposure rates or behavioural risk factors. There are differences in the spatio-temporal patterns of BFV disease which may be related to local socio-ecological and environmental factors. These research findings may have implications in the BFV disease control and prevention programs in Queensland.
Architectural Performance of WiMAX over WiFi with Reliable QoS over Wireless Communication

-------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-------------------------------------------------------------- Due to fast development of technology, future communication and transmission are totally depends upon wireless network. Wireless networks are generally less efficient and irregular compared to wired networks, which make quality of service (QoS) provision a bigger challenge for wireless communications. The wireless medium has limited bandwidth, higher packet error rate, and higher packet overheads that in total to limit the capacity of the network to offer guaranteed QoS. In response to the increasing QoS challenge in wireless networks, researchers have made significant modifications in Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) in the legacy IEEE 802.11 standards to make possible QoS to end users. The design constraints at several layers of the IEEE 802.11 restrict its capacity to deliver guaranteed QoS. Recently, the IEEE 802.16 standard, also known as worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), has emerged as the strongest contender for broadband wireless technology with promises to give guaranteed QoS to wireless application end users over wifi wireless technology. This paper tries to explain the architectural performance issues of WiMax over WiFi wireless communication in the term of wireless network design and management which upgrading the upcoming wireless communication technology over a wide region.
A change in competitive context reverses sexual selection on male size

In studies of sexual selection, larger size is often argued to increase male fitness, and relatively smaller males are explained by genetic and/or environmental variation. We demonstrate that a size–development life‐history trade‐off could underlie the maintenance of a broad, unimodal distribution of size in male redback spiders (Latrodectus hasselti). Larger males are superior in direct competition, but redback males mature rapidly at small size in the presence of females. In field enclosures, we simulated two competitive contexts favouring development of divergent male sizes. Relatively smaller males lost when competing directly, but had 10 times higher fitness than relatively larger males when given the temporal advantage of rapid development. Linear selection gradients confirmed the reversal of selection on size, showing that it is critical to consider life‐history decisions underlying the development of traits related to fitness.
Effectiveness of plant-derived proanthocyanidins on demineralization on enamel and dentin under artificial cariogenic challenge

Dental caries is considered a disease of high prevalence and a constant problem in public health. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are substances that have been the target of recent studies aiming to control or treat caries. Objective The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment with grape seed extract, under cariogenic challenge, to minimize or even prevent the onset of caries in the enamel and dentin. Material and Methods Blocks of enamel and dentin (6.0x6.0 mm) were obtained from bovine central incisors, polished, and selected by analysis of surface microhardness (SH). The blocks were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=15), according to the following treatments: GC (control), GSE (grape seed extract), GF (fluoride – 1,000 ppm). The blocks were subjected to 6 daily pH cycles for 8 days. Within the daily cycling, the specimens were stored in buffered solution. The blocks were then analyzed for perpendicular and surface hardness and polarized light microscopy. Results The means were subjected to statistical analysis using the ANOVA and Fisher’s PLSD tests (p<0.05). For enamel SH, GF showed the highest hardness values. In the dentin, GF was also the one that showed higher hardness values, followed by GSE. Regarding the cross-sectional hardness values, all groups behaved similarly in both the enamel and dentin. The samples that were treated with GSE and fluoride (GF) showed statistically higher values than the control. Conclusion Based on the data obtained in this in vitro study, it is suggested that grape seed extract inhibits demineralization of artificial carious lesions in both the enamel and dentin, but in a different scale in each structure and in a smaller scale when compared to fluoride.
USING DISAGREEMENTS FOR SUPERORDINATE FRAME CONFIGURATION

As an urban planner, Donald Schon (1) provides a remarkable review of the reasons for intractable policy controversies, resistant to evidence, and untikelyto be settled by compromise. Any "agreement" negotiated is then unlikely to hold, since implementing such an agreement usually gives rise to new conditions of disagreement. This was ignored in the Earth Summit (Rio de Janeiro, June 1992) pursuit of environment/development agreements charted by Jim MacNeill (2). Conventional reasons for such differences are emotion, values or politics. Schon argues that these are "junk categories" -a category that can be used to explain phenomena that are poorly understood, without needing to question the validity of one's own approach. In his view these categories rest upon false dichotomies due to distortions of reason.
Inhibition of Adult Neurogenesis by Inducible and Targeted Deletion of ERK5 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Specifically in Adult Neurogenic Regions Impairs Contextual Fear Extinction and Remote Fear Memory

Although there is evidence suggesting that adult neurogenesis may contribute to hippocampus-dependent memory, signaling mechanisms responsible for adult hippocampal neurogenesis are not well characterized. Here we report that ERK5 mitogen-activated protein kinase is specifically expressed in the neurogenic regions of the adult mouse brain. The inducible and conditional knock-out (icKO) of erk5 specifically in neural progenitors of the adult mouse brain attenuated adult hippocampal neurogenesis. It also caused deficits in several forms of hippocampus-dependent memory, including contextual fear conditioning generated by a weak footshock. The ERK5 icKO mice were also deficient in contextual fear extinction and reversal of Morris water maze spatial learning and memory, suggesting that adult neurogenesis plays an important role in hippocampus-dependent learning flexibility. Furthermore, our data suggest a critical role for ERK5-mediated adult neurogenesis in pattern separation, a form of dentate gyrus-dependent spatial learning and memory. Moreover, ERK5 icKO mice have no memory 21 d after training in the passive avoidance test, suggesting a pivotal role for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the expression of remote memory. Together, our results implicate ERK5 as a novel signaling molecule regulating adult neurogenesis and provide strong evidence that adult neurogenesis is critical for several forms of hippocampus-dependent memory formation, including fear extinction, and for the expression of remote memory.