Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protein kinase C acylation by palmitoyl coenzyme A facilitates its translocation to membranes.

Protein kinase C (PKC) translocation to specific subcellular membrane loci after cellular stimulation is mediated, in part, through its interaction with diacylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, and calcium. Herein, we present multiple lines of evidence which demonstrate that purified rabbit brain PKC undergoes specific acylation with palmitoyl CoA that facilitates its interaction with membrane bilayers. First, incubation of purified rabbit brain PKC with [14C]palmitoyl CoA (5 microM) resulted in the radiolabeling of an 80 kDa band demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography, while incubation of PKC with other acyl CoA molecular species (e.g., [3H]myristoyl CoA or [14C]arachidonoyl CoA), fatty acids (e.g., [14C]palmitic and [14C]arachidonic acid), or [14C]diacylglycerol did not result in the incorporation of radiolabel. Second, multiple extractions of [14C]palmitoyl CoA-treated PKC with butanol did not remove the radiolabeled moiety from the 80 kDa PKC band. Third, incubation of the [14C]palmitoyl CoA-radiolabeled PKC moiety with neutral hydroxylamine, hydrochloric acid, or sodium hydroxide released incorporated radiolabel which identified the association between PKC and palmitic acid as a covalent thioester linkage. Fourth, formation of the [14C]palmitoyl CoA-radiolabeled PKC adduct could be prevented by pretreatment of PKC with either dithiobis(nitrobenzoic acid) or N-ethylmaleimide. Fifth, limited trypsinolysis of palmitoylated PKC demonstrated that palmitic acid was exclusively present in the regulatory fragment of PKC without detectable amounts of palmitic acid associated with the catalytic fragment. Sixth, palmitoylated PKC was resolved from its nonpalmitoylated counterpart by Mono Q chromatography, and palmitoylated PKC preferentially associated with cellular membranes while nonpalmitoylated PKC did not. Both palmitoylated and nonpalmitoylated PKC were activated by phosphatidylserine, diacylglycerol, and calcium ion. Collectively, these results demonstrate the acylation of PKC by palmitoyl CoA and identify a novel mechanism which may facilitate the interaction of PKC with biologic membranes.
Effect of preoperative use of long-acting octreotide on growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma and transsphenoidal surgery.

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether somatostatin analog octreotide long acting release (LAR) shrinks growth hormone (GH) secreting adenomas, and improves the results of subsequent transsphenoidal surgery. METHODS Seventeen previously untreated active acromegalic patients with pituitary adenomas were treated with LAR (30 mg intramuscular injection every 28 days) for 3 months prior to transsphenoidal surgery. Clinical reaction, mean GH secretion, and tumor volume were measured under basal conditions and after LAR treatment. RESULTS Presurgical treatment improved acromegaly symptoms and induced a significant reduction of GH under the 5 ng/mL limit in microadenoma (P < 0.05), while only 18.2% (2/11) in macroadenoma. Meanwhile, tumor shrinkage occurred in 58.8% (10/17) patients, with 1 case in the microadenoma group. All marked shrinkage (> 25%) occurred in the macroadenoma group. Statistical analysis showed tumor shrinkage caused by LAR was greater in macroadenoma group than that in microadenoma group (P < 0.05). During operation, adenoma was soft in 15 cases, with the exception of 2 cases in which the soft tumor was divided by fibrous septa, but all tumor removal was smooth. CONCLUSIONS A short term administration of preoperative LAR may induce a significant decrease in GH-secretion level and adenoma volume. Presurgical use of octreotide LAR improves surgical results especially in macroadenomas.
Society, Power and Climate Change: A social critique of public climate change receptivity in Ireland

ii Acknowledgements . iii Chapter 1 Socializing Climate Change . 11 1.1 A Call to Order: Bringing Society Back into Climate Change . 11 1.2 Ireland’s Role in Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions . 15 1.3 Enriching an Impoverished Climate Change Debate: Contributions from Sociology . 19 1.4 How my Work adds to the Debate: The Bourdieusian Approach to Merging ‘Climate Change’ with the Irish Everyday . 23 1.5 Research Questions . 28 1.6 Thesis structure . 31 Chapter 2 Revitalising the Social in the Social Science of Climate Change: Bourdieu’s Socio-cultural Model . 34 2.1 Juxtaposing Atomistic and Social Individuals . 34 2.2 Behavioural Models and Substantialist Fallacies: Conjuring Individuals out of Thin Air. 38 2.3 Bourdieu’s Model of the Individual within the Model of Society . 46 2.3.1 Bourdieu’s Concept of Field: Where Society is Not Just a “Passing Reference” . 48 2.3.2 The Systemic, Social and Historical Being of Habitus . 52 2.3. 3 Species of Capital . 55 2.3. 4 Differential Relations of Class, Power and Climate Change . 57 2.3. 5 Agency and the Everyday Structuring of Relations of Power . 61 2.3. 6 A Response to his Critics: Reading Bourdieu through the Substantialism of “Pots and Pans”63 2.4 Conclusion. 67 Chapter 3 Operationalising the Bourdieusian Framework . 69 3.1 Introducing the Research’s Double Reading . 69 3.2 Constructing the Prevailing Regularities of Irish Society and Climate Change . 74
Investissement et croissance à long terme: les complémentarités public-privé

En Europe, cinq ans apres la recession de 2009, la faiblesse persistante de l'investissement est un sujet majeur de preoccupation. Dans quelle mesure une relance de l'investissement public pourrait-elle contribuer a re-dynamiser l'investissement prive et a faire repartir la croissance ? Nos simulations montrent que l'investissement du secteur public renforce a moyen terme l'investissement prive, tandis que son impact sur la croissance est superieur a celui des autres depenses budgetaires. La creation que nous preconisons d'un Systeme Europeen de Banques d'Investissement (SEBI) pourrait accompagner la mise en œuvre du Plan Juncker initie fin 2014 pour reorienter l'epargne et certaines depenses publiques vers un investissement a visee pleinement europeenne.
Self-identity and discourses of race : exploring a group of white South Africans' narratives of early experiences of racism.

This research project falls under the broader Apartheid Archives Project. The aim of the project was to collect the narratives of black and white South Africans, of their earliest quotidian or everyday racist experiences. This project focused particularly on the nature of the experiences of racism of (particularly „ordinary‟) white South Africans under the old apartheid order and their continuing effects on individual and group functioning in contemporary South Africa, especially on the ways in which white South Africans are positioned by racialised discourses and the reproduction of power relations through these positions. The project utilised narratives that were written by white South Africans and were available on the Apartheid Archive Project‟s database. In total, the narratives of twelve white, middle-aged, middle class South Africans were analysed using Parker (1992) and Willig‟s (2008) guidelines for analysis of the discourses which converge with Foucault‟s ideas. This research report gives prominence to the discourses of race present in the narratives of white South Africans which were examined and it also focuses on how racialised discourses offer the narrators different subject positions to occupy in present day South Africa. Three discursive themes were identified, namely rationalising discursive strategies, race and racism discourses and discourses of redemption. Rationalising discursive strategies were found to utilise discourses of innocence, discourses of denial and discourses that avoid complicity. These discourses enabled the narrators to be positioned as victims. Race and racism discourses included othering discourses, discourses of whiteness and discourses of interracial relationships. Through an appeal to these kinds of discourses narrators were able to occupy opposing positions, such as perpetrator, hero, privileged and non-racial. Finally, discourses of redemption were also found to be prominent in the narratives. These comprised of religious discourses and notions of white liberalism. The utilisation of such discourses enabled constructions of the narrators as moral, virtuous and honest.
Life-history theory and risky drinking.

AIMS Life-history theory, a major theory related to evolutionary biology and behavioral ecology, is applied to analyze patterns in alcohol abuse and dependence. The life-history approach examines how intensity of reproductive competition affects the benefits and costs of risk-taking, which are typically greater for young men than for women or older men. We used this framework to predict demographic variation in hazardous patterns of alcohol use, assuming that they reflect risk-taking in general. DESIGN This paper is a review of literature on demographic patterns in risky drinking and alcohol dependence. Predictions are generated using evolutionary analysis of risk-taking. Existing surveys of drinking behavior are reviewed, and findings are compared to predictions. FINDINGS Results were generally consistent with predictions. The frequency of risky drinking and dependence is higher for men, and people of younger age, single marital status, childless parental status or unstable environmental resources. An exception is the effect of educational attainment. which is inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS Risky drinking behavior, as with other forms of physical risk-taking, is more frequently observed in young men, and it increases where environmental instability is higher. The utility of life-history theory is compared to alternate conceptions of risky drinking and dependence. Implications of this perspective for research and clinical efforts are explored.
Life on the edge: thermal optima for aerobic scope of equatorial reef fishes are close to current day temperatures

Equatorial populations of marine species are predicted to be most impacted by global warming because they could be adapted to a narrow range of temperatures in their local environment. We investigated the thermal range at which aerobic metabolic performance is optimum in equatorial populations of coral reef fish in northern Papua New Guinea. Four species of damselfishes and two species of cardinal fishes were held for 14 days at 29, 31, 33, and 34 °C, which incorporated their existing thermal range (29–31 °C) as well as projected increases in ocean surface temperatures of up to 3 °C by the end of this century. Resting and maximum oxygen consumption rates were measured for each species at each temperature and used to calculate the thermal reaction norm of aerobic scope. Our results indicate that one of the six species, Chromis atripectoralis, is already living above its thermal optimum of 29 °C. The other five species appeared to be living close to their thermal optima (ca. 31 °C). Aerobic scope was significantly reduced in all species, and approached zero for two species at 3 °C above current‐day temperatures. One species was unable to survive even short‐term exposure to 34 °C. Our results indicate that low‐latitude reef fish populations are living close to their thermal optima and may be more sensitive to ocean warming than higher‐latitude populations. Even relatively small temperature increases (2–3 °C) could result in population declines and potentially redistribution of equatorial species to higher latitudes if adaptation cannot keep pace.
Clinical Caveats on Medical Assessment and Treatment of Pain After TBI

The diagnosis and management of pain in the patient with traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be difficult in light of the limitations imposed by the cognitive, language, and behavioral deficits. With patients in the acute rehabilitation setting, one must be vigilant for the often subtle signs and symptoms of pain. Causes more commonly seen in the population with TBI as a consequence of the injury itself include dysautonomia, neuropathic pain, spasticity, and heterotopic ossification. Headaches may be a consequence of TBI or associated with it for other reasons. Sources of pain associated with TBI include deep venous thrombosis and others. The reader is reminded that patients with TBI are subject to all the causes of pain that affect the general population.
Cost-benefit Analysis and Health Care Evaluations, Second Edition

Cost–benefit analysis is the only method of economic evaluation that can effectively indicate whether a health care treatment or intervention is worthwhile. In this thoroughly updated and revised second edition, Robert Brent expands the scope of the field by including the latest concepts and applications throughout all regions of the world. This book attempts to strengthen the link between cost–benefit analysis and the mainstream health care evaluation field, which is dominated by non-economists. The need to build a bridge between the two is more important than ever before, as the general understanding of cost-benefit analysis appears to have regressed.
The impact of hydration changes in fresh bio-tissue on THz spectroscopic measurements

We present a study of how residual hydration in fresh rat tissue samples can vastly alter their extracted terahertz (THz) optical properties and influence their health assessment. Fresh (as opposed to preserved) tissue most closely mimics in vivo conditions, but high water content creates many challenges for tissue handling and THz measurement. Our THz measurements of fresh tissue over time highlight the effect of tissue hydration on tissue texture and dimension, the latter directly influencing the accuracy of calculated optical properties. We then introduce lyophilization (freeze drying) as a viable solution for overcoming hydration and freshness problems. Lyophilization removes large amounts of water while retaining sample freshness. In addition, lyophilized tissue samples are easy to handle and their textures and dimensions do not vary over time, allowing for consistent and stable THz measurements. A comparison of lyophilized and fresh tissue shows for the first time that freeze drying may be one way of overcoming tissue hydration issues while preserving tissue cellular structure. Finally, we compare THz measurements from fresh tissue against necrotic tissue to verify freshness over time. Indeed, THz measurements from fresh and necrotic tissues show marked differences.
A STUDY ON THE KNOWLEDGE SHARING BEHAVIOR OF LOCAL PUBLIC SERVANTS IN KOREA: STRUCTURAL EQUATION ANALYSIS

What socio-psychological route do public servants take to make knowledge-sharing decisions in local public administration? This research is designed to develop and test a structural equation model based on the understanding of factors that affect the public servant's knowledge sharing. The development of research model is based on the theory of reasoned action. We propose, based on analysis results, the implied practical and theoretical meanings that help to explain the knowledge sharing behavior of local public servants. This study gives the following suggestions in relation to knowledge sharing behavior of local public servants. First, it was confirmed that reward system should be carefully established. Second, positive mood toward social association should be built, and a feedback system to improve self-efficacy is required. Third, fair procedures should be built for promoting of organizational climate, resulting in enhancing of knowledge sharing behavior. Fourth, public organizations should strive for improvement of the level to use information technology.
Low expression of ITIH5 in adenocarcinoma of the lung is associated with unfavorable patients' outcome

Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 5 (ITIH5) is supposed to be involved in extracellular matrix stability and thus may play a key role in the inhibition of tumor progression. The current study is the first to analyze in depth ITIH5 expression and DNA methylation, as well as its potential clinical impact in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). We examined ITIH5 mRNA expression in tumor and adjacent normal lung tissue specimens of NSCLC patients. In addition, methylation frequency of the ITIH5 promoter was investigated using methylation-specific PCR and pyrosequencing. Significance of our data was validated by independent data sets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Kaplan-Meier Plotter platform. Furthermore, ITIH5 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry utilizing a tissue microarray with 385 distinct lung tissue samples. Based on our tissue collections, ITIH5 mRNA expression was significantly decreased in NSCLC compared to normal lung tissue in line with an increased methylation frequency in lung cancer tissue. Independent TCGA data confirmed significant expression loss of ITIH5 in lung cancer concordant with ITIH5 promoter hypermethylation in NSCLC. Of interest, low ITIH5 mRNA expression was particularly found in the magnoid and squamoid ADC expression subtype, concordant with an unfavorable patients' outcome in squamoid as well as tobacco smoking ADC patients. In conclusion, ITIH5 may be a novel putative tumor suppressor gene in NSCLC with a potential molecular significance in the squamoid ADC subtype and further clinical impact for risk stratification of adenocarcinoma patients. In addition, ITIH5 may serve as a novel biomarker for prognosis of tobacco smoking ADC patients.
Emerging treatments for traumatic brain injury.

BACKGROUND This review summarizes promising approaches for the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that are in either preclinical or clinical trials. OBJECTIVE The pathophysiology underlying neurological deficits after TBI is described. An overview of select therapies for TBI with neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects is presented. METHODS A literature review of preclinical TBI studies and clinical TBI trials related to neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapeutic approaches is provided. RESULTS/CONCLUSION Nearly all Phase II/III clinical trials in neuroprotection have failed to show any consistent improvement in outcome for TBI patients. The next decade will witness an increasing number of clinical trials that seek to translate preclinical research discoveries to the clinic. Promising drug- or cell-based therapeutic approaches include erythropoietin and its carbamylated form, statins, bone marrow stromal cells, stem cells singularly or in combination or with biomaterials to reduce brain injury via neuroprotection and promote brain remodeling via angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and synaptogenesis with a final goal to improve functional outcome of TBI patients. In addition, enriched environment and voluntary physical exercise show promise in promoting functional outcome after TBI, and should be evaluated alone or in combination with other treatments as therapeutic approaches for TBI.
Example‐based inverse kinematics using cage

This paper presents a cage‐based inverse kinematics (CageIK) that enables interactive posing of character models in a wide range of mesh representations using handle points. By providing a set of cage geometries as examples, CageIK optimizes deformations of the cage according to handle movements and reconstructs the model using a subspace deformation method based on Green Coordinates. CageIK therefore not only poses the model naturally but also preserves details even when leaving the example space. Furthermore, by blending deformations based on bounded biharmonic weights, CageIK can edit the pose of the model locally. Because example cages can be generated from existing models, we can reuse animation assets that were already created by artists or simulations, which avoids repeating the time‐consuming process of creating examples. We show that CageIK can edit a wide variety of models, including multicomponent meshes, polygon soups, and quadrilateral meshes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contention-Based Transmission for Decentralized Detection

In this work, we propose a contention-based protocol for general decentralized detection problem in the context of wireless sensor networks. In this scheme, fusion task is implemented in a multi-stage fashion: sensors are first grouped according to the informativeness of their data; fusion center then polls the sensor sets sequentially in the order of their informativeness until a target performance is reached. Within one stage, all polled sensors compete for a common channel medium where exists near-far effect, Raleigh fading, and shadowing. To determine the optimal transmission probability, we propose a novel Bayesian update algorithm utilizing both sensing information and channel feedback. The proposed dynamic protocol is applied to signal detection in Gaussian noise. As shown by our simulations, incorporating sensing information greatly improves efficiency over a generic Bayesian update scheme relying only on channel feedback. Our results also show that exploiting capture effect can significantly improve communication and energy efficiency. Comparison with fixed sample size test and sequential probability ratio test shows that the proposed scheme achieves significant efficiency gain over existing fusion strategies.
Relationship between insulin resistance and an endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor.

CONTEXT Increased levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are associated with endothelial dysfunction and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Several cardiovascular risk factors are associated with reduced sensitivity to insulin, but elevated ADMA concentrations have not been fully linked to the metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between insulin sensitivity and plasma ADMA concentrations, and to determine whether a pharmacological treatment that increases insulin sensitivity would also modulate ADMA concentrations. DESIGN, SETTING, AND SUBJECTS Cross-sectional study, containing a nonrandomized controlled trial component, of 64 healthy volunteers without diabetes (42 women, 22 men; 48 with normal blood pressure and 16 with hypertension), which was conducted at a university medical center between October 2000 and July 2001. INTERVENTION Rosiglitazone (4 mg/d for 4 weeks and then 4 mg twice daily for 8 weeks), an insulin-sensitizing agent, was given to 7 insulin-resistant subjects with hypertension. These subjects were studied before and after 12-week treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Insulin sensitivity measured by the insulin suppression test, and fasting plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and ADMA concentrations. RESULTS Plasma ADMA concentrations were positively correlated with impairment of insulin-mediated glucose disposal in nondiabetic, normotensive subjects (r = 0.73; P<.001). Consistent with the metabolic syndrome, ADMA levels were also positively correlated with fasting triglyceride levels (r = 0.52; P<.001) but not with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (r = 0.19; P =.20). Plasma ADMA concentrations increased in insulin-resistant subjects independent of hypertension. Pharmacological treatment improved insulin sensitivity and reduced mean (SD) plasma ADMA concentrations from 1.50 (0.30) to 1.05 (0.33) micromol/L (P =.001). CONCLUSION A significant relationship exists between insulin resistance and plasma concentrations of ADMA. Pharmacological intervention with rosiglitazone enhanced insulin sensitivity and reduced ADMA levels. Increases in plasma ADMA concentrations may contribute to the endothelial dysfunction observed in insulin-resistant patients.