Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Creativity and Confucianism Among American and Korean Educators

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in creative styles and Confucian ideas between Koreans and Americans and to examine the relationship between creativity and Confucianism. A total number of 579 educators (227 American and 352 Korean) participated in this study. Eastern-Western Perspective Scale was used to measure participants’ level of Confucianism and the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking-Figural was used to measure participants’ level of creative potential. The results indicate that Koreans have strikingly more Confucian ideals than Americans, whereas Americans have more creative strengths and are more adaptively creative than Koreans. The results also indicate higher levels of Confucianism relate to lower levels of creativity. The Confucian elements that show negative relationships with creativity are suppression of expression, gender inequality, gender role expectations, and filial piety.
Environmental Communication and the Cultural Politics of Environmental Citizenship

This paper presents a comparative analysis of how representatives from the public, private, and voluntary sectors of two cities [Nottingham (United Kingdom) and Eindhoven (The Netherlands)] responded to the challenge of communicating more effectively with citizens about issues of sustainability. The analysis is set in the context of literature about the need to widen participation in the determination of Local Agenda 21 policies, and the drive for more inclusionary forms of communication in planning and politics. Workshop members discussed the results of surveys and in-depth discussion groups with local residents which had revealed considerable scepticism and mistrust of environmental communications and environmental expertise. Three themes are explored. First, there is consensus in attributing responsibility for public alienation and resistance to environmental communications to the content and styles of media reporting. Second, there are contrasting discursive constructions of the ‘public’, which reflect different political cultures—with the Nottingham workshop supporting a strategy to share power and knowledge more widely than hitherto, whereas the Eindhoven strategy proposed greater rigour, clarity, and authority from the local state. Third, responding to evidence of public resistance to calls for more sustainable practices, workshop participants in both cities focused on what institutions themselves can and should do to progress environmental goals. Workshop participants in both countries acknowledged the urgent need for public, private, and voluntary sector organisations to match their own practices to their environmental rhetoric.
In Pursuit of the Underclass

ABSTRACT The 1970s saw a wide ranging debate in Britain, initiated by Sir Keith Joseph, on the apparent existence of a ‘cycle of deprivation’. Most participants viewed this debate as having originated in the 1960s, but in fact versions of the general concept of an inter-generational ‘underclass’ have figured prominently in social debates during the past one hundred years. In particular, in the inter-war period there were several investigations of an hereditary ‘social problem group’, investigations which were crucial to a wider conservative social reformist strategy. These investigations produced inconclusive results, however, because ultimately the underclass is a statistical artefact, the existence of which can only be argued by the use of several serious methodological contradictions.
A new signal-on electrochemistry-based detection platform for DNA and polymerase enzyme on a microchip without probe immobilization chemistry

We report a new DNA and polymerase detection method that utilizes the competition between a ferrocene-labeled PNA probe and the target DNA or a polymerase-elongated DNA primer to hybridize with a DNA probe/template. Due to the electrostatic interaction between the negative DNA backbones and a negatively-charged electrode, the results of the competition were reflected in the electrochemical signal of ferrocene, which was used to determine the presence of the target DNA or the DNA polymerase. This detection technology is simple, fast and more reliable compared to previously reported signal-off detection schemes, which make it a promising candidate for point-of-care applications.
THE MYTH OF AMATEUR CROWDS

This paper analyzes the discourse of amateurism as it relates to crowdsourcing, a now relatively common model where organizations engage online communities to design goods and solve problems. This paper's findings are twofold: (1) crowdsourcing is discussed in the popular press as a process driven by amateurs and hobbyists, yet empirical research on crowdsourcing indicates that crowds are largely self-selected professionals and experts who opt-in to crowdsourcing arrangements; and (2) the myth of the amateur in crowdsourcing ventures works to label crowds as mere hobbyists who see crowdsourcing ventures as opportunities for creative expression, as entertainment, or as opportunities to pass the time when bored. This amateur/hobbyist label then undermines the fact that large amounts of real work and expert knowledge are exerted by crowds for relatively little reward and to serve the profit motives of companies. The myth of amateur crowds thus has critical implications for labor rights in the digital age. To support this claim, a critical discourse analysis was performed on a corpus of more than 100 popular press articles containing ‘crowdsourcing’ and ‘amateur’ in the LexisNexis database. This paper argues that a discourse about crowdsourcing more focused on the truth that these crowds largely comprise professionals and experts would refocus the attention on individuals in the crowd as laborers, and thus people deserving of worker's rights, ethical treatment, and fair pay.
Modeling and exploiting heterogeneous bibliographic networks for expertise ranking

Recently expertise retrieval has received increasing interests in both academia and industry. Finding experts with demonstrated expertise for a given query is a nontrivial task especially from a large-scale Web 2.0 systems, such as question answering and bibliography data, where users are actively publishing useful content online, interacting with each other, and forming social networks in various ways, leading to heterogeneous networks in addition to the large amounts of textual content information. Many approaches have been proposed and shown to be useful for expertise ranking. However, most of these methods only consider the textual documents while ignoring heterogeneous network structures or can merely integrate with one additional kind of information. None of them can fully exploit the characteristics of heterogeneous networks. In this paper, we propose a joint regularization framework to enhance expertise retrieval by modeling heterogeneous networks as regularization constraints on top of document-centric model. We argue that multi-typed linking edges reveal valuable information which should be treated differently. Motivated by this intuition, we formulate three hypotheses to capture unique characteristics for different graphs, and mathematically model those hypotheses jointly with the document and other information. To illustrate our methodology, we apply the framework to expert finding applications using a bibliography dataset with 1.1 million papers and 0.7 million authors. The experimental results show that our proposed approach can achieve significantly better results than the baseline and other enhanced models.
F ¨ Ur Mathematik in Den Naturwissenschaften Leipzig Multigrid Accelerated Tensor Approximation of Function Related Multi-dimensional Arrays Multigrid Accelerated Tensor Approximation of Function Related Multidimensional Arrays *

In this paper, we describe and analyze a novel tensor approximation method for discretized multidimensional functions and operators in R d , based on the idea of multigrid acceleration. The approach stands on successive reiterations of the orthogonal Tucker tensor approximation on a sequence of nested refined grids. On the one hand, it provides a good initial guess for the nonlinear iterations to find the approximating subspaces on finer grids; on the other hand, it allows us to transfer from the coarse-to-fine grids the important data structure information on the location of the so-called most important fibers in directional unfolding matrices. The method indicates linear complexity with respect to the size of data representing the input tensor. In particular, if the target tensor is given by using the rank-R canonical model, then our approximation method is proved to have linear scaling in the univariate grid size n and in the input rank R.T h em e t h o di s tested by three-dimensional (3D) electronic structure calculations. For the multigrid accelerated low Tucker-rank approximation of the all electron densities having strong nuclear cusps, we obtain high resolution of their 3D convolution product with the Newton potential. The accuracy of order 10 −6 in max-norm is achieved on large n × n × n grids up to n =1 . 6 · 10 4 ,w i t ht h et i m es c a l ei ns e v e r a l minutes. 1. Introduction. In recent years tensor approximation methods have opened challenging perspectives for a feasible numerical solution of multidimensional problems arising in large scale electronic and molecular structure The success of tensor methods based on low-rank separable approximation can be explained by their intrinsic nearly one-dimensional (1D) data structure organization. In fact, this allows us to avoid the so-called curse of dimensionality inherent in traditional numerical methods, which usually scale exponentially in the physical dimension d. However, there are fundamental difficulties in the systematic promotion of tensor techniques due to • challenging problems in a rigorous theoretical analysis of tensor methods, • high-dimensional nonlinear approximation problems, • the need of the relevant and physically consistent, though normally hidden, well-formatted data-sparse representations of large and highly redundant data in R d. Hence efficient rank-structured tensor methods are required for approximation of high-order tensors representing physically relevant functions and operators in R d ,
Modeling temporal dependencies in data using a DBN-LSTM

Since the advent of deep learning, it has been used to solve various problems using many different architectures. The application of such deep architectures to auditory data is also not uncommon. However, these architectures do not always adequately consider the temporal dependencies in data. We thus propose a new generic architecture called the Deep Belief Network - Long Short-Term Memory (DBN-LSTM) network that models sequences by keeping track of the temporal information while enabling deep representations in the data. We demonstrate this new architecture by applying it to the task of music generation and obtain state-of-the-art results.
A meta-analysis on the influence of inflammatory bowel disease on pregnancy

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a typical onset during the peak reproductive years. Evidence of the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in IBD is important for the management of pregnancy to assist in its management. Aim: To provide a clear assessment of risk of adverse outcomes during pregnancy in women with IBD. Design: The Medline literature was searched to identify studies reporting outcomes of pregnancy in patients with IBD. Random-effect meta-analysis was used to compare outcomes between women with IBD and normal controls. Patients and setting: A total of 3907 patients with IBD (Crohn’s disease 1952 (63%), ulcerative colitis 1113 (36%)) and 320 531 controls were reported in 12 studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria. Results: For women with IBD, there was a 1.87-fold increase in incidence of prematurity (<37 weeks gestation; 95% CI 1.52 to 2.31; p<0.001) compared with controls. The incidence of low birth weight (<2500 g) was over twice that of normal controls (95% CI 1.38 to 3.19; p<0.001). Women with IBD were 1.5 times more likely to undergo caesarean section (95% CI 1.26 to 1.79; p<0.001), and the risk of congenital abnormalities was found to be 2.37-fold increased (95% CI 1.47 to 3.82; p<0.001). Conclusion: The study has shown a higher incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with IBD. Further studies are required to clarify which women are at higher risk, as this was not determined in the present study. This has an effect on the management of patients with IBD during pregnancy, who should be treated as a potentially high-risk group.
Defining the QP‐site of Escherichia coli fumarate reductase by site‐directed mutagenesis, fluorescence quench titrations and EPR spectroscopy

We have used fluorescence quench titrations, EPR spectroscopy and steady‐state kinetics to study the effects of site‐directed mutants of FrdB, FrdC and FrdD on the proximal menaquinol (MQH2) binding site (QP) of Escherichia coli fumarate reductase (FrdABCD) in cytoplasmic membrane preparations. Fluorescence quench (FQ) titrations with the fluorophore and MQH2 analog 2‐n‐heptyl‐4‐hydroxyquinoline‐N‐oxide (HOQNO) indicate that the QP site is defined by residues from FrdB, FrdC and FrdD. In FQ titrations, wild‐type FrdABCD binds HOQNO with an apparent Kd of 2.5 nm, and the following mutations significantly increase this value: FrdB‐T205H (Kd = 39 nm); FrdB‐V207C (Kd = 20 nm); FrdC‐E29L (Kd = 25 nm); FrdC‐W86R (no detectable binding); and FrdD‐H80K (Kd = 20 nm). In all titrations performed, data were fitted to a monophasic binding equation, indicating that no additional high‐affinity HOQNO binding sites exist in FrdABCD. In all cases where HOQNO binding is detectable by FQ titration, it can also be observed by EPR spectroscopy. Steady‐state kinetic studies of fumarate‐dependent quinol oxidation indicate that there is a correlation between effects on HOQNO binding and effects on the observed Km and kcat values, except in the FrdC‐E29L mutant, in which HOQNO binding is observed, but no enzyme turnover is detected. In this case, EPR studies indicate that the lack of activity arises because the enzyme can only remove one electron from reduced MQH2, resulting in it being trapped in a form with a bound menasemiquinone radical anion. Overall, the data support a model for FrdABCD in which there is a single redox‐active and dissociable Q‐site.
TASK SCHEDULING ALGORITHM BASED ON PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION (PSO) AND INVASIVE WEED OPTIMIZATION TO EXECUTE TASKS IN OVERLOADED SITUATION FOR PREEMPTIVE SYSTEM

So many studies have been done in order to execute all the tasks in real-time scheduler systems. However, different researcher are tried to tackle overload situation in real-time systems by using swarm algorithm. These studies have been categorized based on the various parameters which are important in real-time systems. As an instance, system cost, processor waiting time, number of tasks, balance use of system and etc. By increasing number of the task in task set, process time will be increased. In this situation, processor waiting time will be high when the number of the task increased and as result system cost is raising. To solve mentioned issue the authors proposed a task scheduler which is used PSO algorithm in order to cover deficiencies of previous studies in overloaded situation. This algorithm is suggested for preemptive tasks in uniprocessor in real-time systems. The result of the research has been shown PSO perform better while other common scheduling algorithm same as EDF and ACO are being over loaded. The authors by combine PSO and Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) suggest a new algorithm that is called HPI algorithm which can perform better than PSO and schedule more tasks in overload situation.
A 4.75GOPS single-chip programmable processor array consisting of a multithreaded processor and multiple SIMD and IO processors

This paper describes a configurable platform chip integrating 9 heterogeneous processors, which is designed to enable rapid prototyping and verification without translating functional behaviors into hardware blocks. The chip consists of a 32-bit multithreaded RISC processor for fast context switching, four 32-bit SIMD processors for data-intensive applications, and four IO processors for handling I/O protocols. The prototype chip has been designed and fabricated in 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS technology and the die size is 8/spl times/8 mm/sup 2/ including eighty-kilobyte internal memories.
Zoonotic hepatitis E: animal reservoirs and emerging risks

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is responsible for enterically-transmitted acute hepatitis in humans with two distinct epidemiological patterns. In endemic regions, large waterborne epidemics with thousands of people affected have been observed, and, in contrast, in non-endemic regions, sporadic cases have been described. Although contaminated water has been well documented as the source of infection in endemic regions, the modes of transmission in non-endemic regions are much less known. HEV is a single-strand, positive-sense RNA virus which is classified in the Hepeviridae family with at least four known main genotypes (1–4) of mammalian HEV and one avian HEV. HEV is unique among the known hepatitis viruses, in which it has an animal reservoir. In contrast to humans, swine and other mammalian animal species infected by HEV generally remain asymptomatic, whereas chickens infected by avian HEV may develop a disease known as Hepatitis-Splenomegaly syndrome. HEV genotypes 1 and 2 are found exclusively in humans while genotypes 3 and 4 are found both in humans and other mammals. Several lines of evidence indicate that, in some cases involving HEV genotypes 3 and 4, animal to human transmissions occur. Furthermore, individuals with direct contact with animals are at higher risk of HEV infection. Cross-species infections with HEV genotypes 3 and 4 have been demonstrated experimentally. However, not all sources of human infections have been identified thus far and in many cases, the origin of HEV infection in humans remains unknown.
William M. O'Barr, Linguistic evidence: Language. power, and strategy in the courtroom . (Studies on Law and Social Control.) New York: Academic, 1982. Pp. xv + 192.

of this decision for the future, for both research and education. One of Taylor's most important contributions (and one that he initially made over a decade ago) is to point out the variation among black Americans in their linguistic repertoires. Thus he differentiates, for example, Standard Black English (i.e., standard English grammar combined with other features which allow a speaker to reflect a black identity) from Vernacular Black English. In addition to the increasing socioeconomic differentiation within ethnic minority groups, issues are raised by the phenomenon of marriage across groups. As Americans increasingly intermarry, it is reasonable to ask how the children of these marriages identify themselves. Are they (by and large) bicultural or assimilated to the mainstream culture? Or are they forging a new culture (and language system) which combines elements of many? Opinions vary, and emotions are fervent on this issue, but ultimately it is an empirical question which researchers could pursue. This book ends with Taylor's reminder that future research and thought on the "Black English question" must be interdisciplinary: Linguistic research has provided the ground on which this decision stands, but it cannot answer all the questions related to the topic. Finally, Taylor points out that these issues are not restricted in relevance to the United States, but are actually issues "germane to Black populations throughout the world. " I would add that these issues are in fact germane to many other (than black) populations, both here in the United States and in other parts of the world. They are issues of cultural contact and change which ultimately affect everyone.
Abortion and Subsequent Substance Abuse

A statistical association between a history of substance abuse and a history of abortion has been identified in several studies, but this association has not yet been thoroughly analyzed. This study draws on a subset of data from a reproductive history survey that included a nonparametric self-assessment of past substance abuse distributed to a random sample of American women. Analysis of this substance abuse variable showed that a report of substance abuse following a first pregnancy was associated significantly with (a) abortion for all women, (b) abortion for adolescents, and (c) abortion for women over 19 years of age. Women who aborted a first pregnancy were five times more likely to report subsequent substance abuse than women who carried to term, and they were four times more likely to report substance abuse compared to those who suffered a natural loss of their first pregnancy (i.e., due to miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, or stillbirth). Women with a history of abortion or a history of substance abuse were significantly more likely to feel discomfort in responding to the survey. The findings of this study have important implications for the design of future studies examining substance abuse, adolescents, and women. These findings may also have clinical and counseling implications.
PSD-95 is required for activity-driven synapse stabilization

The activity-dependent regulation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors and the stabilization of synapses are critical to synaptic development and plasticity. One candidate molecule implicated in maturation, synaptic strengthening, and plasticity is PSD-95. Here we find that acute knockdown of PSD-95 in brain slice cultures by RNAi arrests the normal development of synaptic structure and function that is driven by spontaneous activity. Surprisingly, PSD-95 is not necessary for the induction and early expression of long-term potentiation (LTP). However, knockdown of PSD-95 leads to smaller increases in spine size after chemically induced LTP. Furthermore, although at this age spine turnover is normally low and LTP produces a transient increase, in cells with reduced PSD-95 spine turnover is high and remains increased after LTP. Taken together, our data support a model in which appropriate levels of PSD-95 are required for activity-dependent synapse stabilization after initial phases of synaptic potentiation.
Architecture and development of olivocerebellar circuit topography

The cerebellum has a simple tri-laminar structure that is comprised of relatively few cell types. Yet, its internal micro-circuitry is anatomically, biochemically, and functionally complex. The most striking feature of cerebellar circuit complexity is its compartmentalized topography. Each cell type within the cerebellar cortex is organized into an exquisite map; molecular expression patterns, dendrite projections, and axon terminal fields divide the medial-lateral axis of the cerebellum into topographic sagittal zones. Here, we discuss the mechanisms that establish zones and highlight how gene expression and neural activity contribute to cerebellar pattern formation. We focus on the olivocerebellar system because its developmental mechanisms are becoming clear, its topographic termination patterns are very precise, and its contribution to zonal function is debated. This review deconstructs the architecture and development of the olivocerebellar pathway to provide an update on how brain circuit maps form and function.