Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time-series–based prediction of complex oscillator networks via compressive sensing

Complex dynamical networks consisting of a large number of interacting units are ubiquitous in nature and society. There are situations where the interactions in a network of interest are unknown and one wishes to reconstruct the full topology of the network through measured time series. We present a general method based on compressive sensing. In particular, by using power series expansions to arbitrary order, we demonstrate that the network-reconstruction problem can be casted into the form X=G·a, where the vector X and matrix G are determined by the time series and a is a sparse vector to be estimated that contains all nonzero power series coefficients in the mathematical functions of all existing couplings among the nodes. Since a is sparse, it can be solved by the standard L1-norm technique in compressive sensing. The main advantages of our approach include sparse data requirement and broad applicability to a variety of complex networked dynamical systems, and these are illustrated by concrete examples of model and real-world complex networks.
Latent Dirichlet allocation for image segmentation and source finding in radio astronomy images

We present exploratory work into the application of the topic modelling algorithm latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to image segmentation in greyscale images, and in particular, source detection in radio astronomy images. LDA performed similarly to the standard source-detection software on a representative sample of radio astronomy images. Our use of LDA underperforms on fainter and diffuse sources, but yields superior results on a representative image polluted with artefacts --- the type of image in which the standard source-detection software requires manual intervention by an astronomer for adequate results.
The Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab in a Patient with Rheumatoid Spondylitis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is considered as a connective tissue disease while ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a prototype of spondyloarthritis. These diseases are seen concomitantly only very rarely. Also, rituximab has proven efficacy in the treatment of RA while its role in the treatment of AS is unclear. In this presentation, the concomitant presence of RA and AS in a 43-year-old male patient as well as the efficacy and safety of rituximab is discussed. Rituximab was given due to lack of response to treatment with anti-TNF-alpha. Evaluations made at the 6th and 12th months of treatment showed complete response for RA and partial response for AS.
Towards Knowledge Morphing: A Triangulation Approach to Link Tacit and Explicit Knowledge

Current knowledge management systems are largely designed to deal with a single knowledge modality. Given the diversity of knowledge modalities that encompass any given topic/problem it is reasonable to demand access and use of all available knowledge, irrespective of their representation modality, to derive a knowledge-mediated solution. This calls for selecting all knowledge elements (represented in different modalities) that are relevant to the solution of the problem at hand. Thus here we pursue the specification and implementation of such a knowledge-mediated solution using a triangulation approach leading to Knowledge Morphing. In this paper we present a tacit-explicit knowledge morphing (TEKM) system in the healthcare setting that supports the extraction of tacit knowledge from past cases stored in a case-base and mapping it with corresponding explicit knowledge stored in clinical practice guidelines. Here we present the system design and intended functionality of our knowledge management framework.
Juvenile Probation : The Workhorse of the Juvenile Justice System

Generally, juvenile probation officers are college-educated white males, 30–49 years old, with 5–10 years of experience in the field. Typically the officers earn $20,000–$39,000 per year and receive standard benefits packages, but not necessarily annual salary increases. The average caseload is 41 juveniles. Although probation officers have some arrest powers, they do not normally carry weapons.
A Simulation-Based Optimization Of Operational Transconductance Amplifier Using An Evolutionary Algorithm

In this paper we propose a simulation based approach for optimizing the performance of operational transconductance amplifier by use of particle swarm optimization algorithm. There are some trade-offs between Gain, BW, PM, CMRR and PSRR in OTA design which force the designer to accomplish such a long time complicated work to optimize the circuit. In this work the usage of PSO algorithm in automated optimization of OTA has been investigated. The PSO algorithm is implemented in MATLAB which has been linked with an electrical simulator, HSPICE. It gets a netlist as its input while the output is active devices sizes and passive values. Obtained results which compared with three other works prove the effectiveness of this approach.
Distinct T‐cell subtypes induced with whole cell and acellular pertussis vaccines in children

Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that new generation acellular pertussis vaccines can confer protection against whooping cough. However, the mechanism of protective immunity against Bordetella pertussis infection induced by vaccination remains to be defined. We have examined cellular immune responses in children immunized with a range of acellular and whole cell pertussis vaccines. Immunization of children with a potent whole‐cell vaccine induced B. pertussis‐specific T cells that secreted interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), but not interleukin‐5 (IL‐5). In contrast, T cells from children immunized with acellular pertussis vaccines secreted IFN‐γ and/or IL‐5 following stimulation with B. pertussis antigens in vitro. These observations suggest that protective immunity conferred by whole‐cell vaccines, like natural immunity, is mediated by type 1 T cells, whereas the mechanism of immune protection generated with acellular vaccines may be more heterogenous, involving T cells that secreted type 1 and type 2 cytokines.
The Association between Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ORAI1 Gene and Breast Cancer in a Taiwanese Population

Background. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. There is increasing evidence suggesting that ORAI1, components of store-operated calcium channel, play a pivotal role in breast cancer progression and metastasis. Methods. A total of 384 female patients with breast cancer were included in this study. We selected five representative tagging ORAI1 SNPs from HapMap database with minimum allele frequency (MAF) >10%. Genotyping was performed using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. Chi-square (χ 2) test was used to analyze statistical differences among control and patient groups in genotype and allelic frequencies. Results. Two of the ORAI1 SNPs (rs12320939 and rs12313273) were associated with estrogen receptors positive in breast cancer patients under the recessive model. When the Bonferroni correction was performed, the significance still existed. In addition, rs12320939 also associated with the lymph nodal involvement. Conclusion. We showed that genetic polymorphisms of ORAI1 associated strongly with lymph nodal involvement and estrogen receptors (ERs) positive breast cancer patients in a Taiwanese population.
A new tractable model for cellular coverage

Cellular networks are usually modeled by placing the base stations according to a regular geometry such as a grid, with the mobile users scattered around the network either as a Poisson point process (i.e. uniform distribution) or deterministically. These models have been used extensively for cellular design and analysis but suffer from being both highly idealized and not very tractable. Thus, complex simulations are used to evaluate key metrics such as coverage probability for a specified target rate (equivalently, the outage probability) or average/sum rate. We develop general models for multi-cell signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SINR) based on homogeneous Poisson point processes and derive the coverage probability, which is one minus the outage probability. Under very general assumptions, the resulting expressions for the SINR cumulative distribution function involve quickly computable integrals, and in some important special cases of practical interest these integrals can be simplified to common integrals (e.g., the Q-function) or even to exact and quite simple closed-form expressions. We compare our coverage predictions to the standard grid model and an actual base station deployment. We observe that the proposed model is pessimistic (a lower bound on coverage) whereas the grid model is optimistic. In addition to being more tractable, the proposed model may better capture the increasingly opportunistic and dense placement of base stations in urban cellular networks with highly variable coverage radii.
Traditional Perceptrons Do Not Produce the Overexpectation Effect

Perceptrons are typically viewed as being an artificial neural network that embodies the Rescorla-Wagner model of learning. One of the important properties of the Rescorla-Wagner model was its prediction of the overexpectation effect. However, we show below that a typical perceptron is not capable of generating this effect. This result brings into question assumed relationships between artificial neural networks and models of animal learning.
Mixed-model coexpression: calculating gene coexpression while accounting for expression heterogeneity

Motivation: The analysis of gene coexpression is at the core of many types of genetic analysis. The coexpression between two genes can be calculated by using a traditional Pearson's correlation coefficient. However, unobserved confounding effects may cause inflation of the Pearson's correlation so that uncorrelated genes appear correlated. Many general methods have been suggested, which aim to remove the effects of confounding from gene expression data. However, the residual confounding which is not accounted for by these generic correction procedures has the potential to induce correlation between genes. Therefore, a method that specifically aims to calculate gene coexpression between gene expression arrays, while accounting for confounding effects, is desirable. Results: In this article, we present a statistical model for calculating gene coexpression called mixed model coexpression (MMC), which models coexpression within a mixed model framework. Confounding effects are expected to be encoded in the matrix representing the correlation between arrays, the inter-sample correlation matrix. By conditioning on the information in the inter-sample correlation matrix, MMC is able to produce gene coexpressions that are not influenced by global confounding effects and thus significantly reduce the number of spurious coexpressions observed. We applied MMC to both human and yeast datasets and show it is better able to effectively prioritize strong coexpressions when compared to a traditional Pearson's correlation and a Pearson's correlation applied to data corrected with surrogate variable analysis (SVA). Availability: The method is implemented in the R programming language and may be found at http://genetics.cs.ucla.edu/mmc. Contact: nfurlott@cs.ucla.edu; eeskin@cs.ucla.edu
Interactive High-Performance Language Design and Implementation

Motivation: Traditionally there has been a split between programming languages designed for prototyping and those for delivery. Unfortunately, examining the software life-cycle more closely, one sees that a large percentage of cost and effort is spent after first deployment, including a large amount of time spent re-engineering the original code. If an application is first developed in a scripting language and then translated to a delivery language, much of the original design information is lost as well as the rapid prototyping tools that make reengineering so easy. Furthermore, there are many application domains (e.g., robotics and multimedia) where both performance and malleability are important, that is, it is extremely useful to interactively debug and modify optimized code. This suggests the need for a single language and implementation that supports interactive development of optimized code.
Determinants of Patent Citations in Biotechnology: An Analysis of Patent Influence Across the Industrial and Organizational Boundaries

The present paper extends the literature investigating key drivers leading certain patents to exert a stronger influence on the subsequent technological developments (inventions) than other ones. We investigated six key determinants, as (i) the use of scientific knowledge, (ii) the breadth of the technological base, (iii) the existence of collaboration in patent development, (iv) the number of claims, (v) the scope, and (vi) the novelty, and how the effect of these determinants varies when patent influence—as measured by the number of forward citations the patent received—is distinguished as within and across the industrial and organizational boundaries. We conducted an empirical analysis on a sample of 5671 patents granted to 293 US biotechnology firms from 1976 to 2003. Results reveal that the contribution of the determinants to patent influence differs across the domains that are identified by the industrial and organizational boundaries. Findings, for example, show that the use of scientific knowledge negatively affects patent influence outside the biotechnology industry, while it positively contributes to make a patent more relevant for the assignee's subsequent technological developments. In addition, the broader the scope of a patent the higher the number of citations the patent receives from subsequent non-biotechnology patents. This relationship is inverted U-shaped when considering the influence of a patent on inventions granted to other organizations than the patent's assignee. Finally, the novelty of a patent is inverted-U related with the influence the patent exerts on the subsequent inventions granted across the industrial and organizational boundaries.
Perception

I Shall offer a realist theory of perception which in an important sense is neither direct nor representational nor causal. Let us say that we directly perceive something if perceiving it enables us to know of its existence without having evidence of its existence. In this sense, direct perception allows us to have “direct knowledge” of what we perceive. For example, I see after-images directly, since I can know of their existence without having visual evidence of their existence. I do not have to look at them with my eyes. Granted, I do need evidence in order to know that they are after-images; but not in order to know of their existence as colours or shapes. Also, I do have to see them in order to know that they exist. But this is not a condition of having evidence. It is only a condition of their existence, which in turn is a truth condition of my knowing.
Olfactory Horizontal Basal Cells Demonstrate a Conserved Multipotent Progenitor Phenotype

Stem cells of adult regenerative organs share a common goal but few established conserved mechanisms. Within the neural stem cell niche of the mouse olfactory epithelium, we identified a combination of extracellular matrix (ECM) receptors that regulate adhesion and mitosis in non-neural stem cells [intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), β1, β4, and α-1, -3, and -6 integrins] and on horizontal basal cells (HBCs), candidate olfactory neuro-epithelial progenitors. Using ECM receptors as our guide, we recreated a defined microenvironment in vitro that mimics olfactory basal lamina and, when supplemented with epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor α, and leukemia inhibitory factor, allows us to preferentially expand multiple clonal adherent colony phenotypes from individual ICAM-1+ and ICAM-1+/β1 integrin+-selected HBCs. The most highly mitotic colony-forming HBCs demonstrate multipotency, spontaneously generating more ICAM-positive presumptive HBCs, a combination of olfactory neuroglial progenitors, and neurons of olfactory and potentially nonolfactory phenotypes. HBCs thus possess a conserved adhesion receptor expression profile similar to non-neural stem cells, preferential self-replication in an in vitro environment mimicking their in vivo niche, and contain subpopulations of cells that can produce multiple differentiated neuronal and glial progeny from within and beyond the olfactory system in vitro.
Socioeconomic differences in adult mortality and health status.

In all countries there is higher mortality and morbidity among lower socioeconomic groups. The recent evidence suggests that social differentials in mortality have widened over the past 20 years. Economic approaches and social-psychological approaches have been used to examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and health. The effects of poverty and low status occur through absolute deprivation of material resources and through interpersonal stresses and impaired relationships which accumulate over time. Further research is needed to account for a broad range of factors time factors and intervening factors such as biomedical variables on smoking. Most empirical research explains mortality and health status differences in terms of unequal distribution of income and education. Four studies incorporated a wide range of explanatory factors: Marmots study of civil servants in London; Feldmans study indicating that heart disease is more effected by education differentials; Lundbergs study explaining Swedish males mortality by economic deprivation factors and occupation; and Kaplans study of ischemic heart disease with controls for low status poor health practices social network life satisfaction and helplessness. These studies show that intervening variables including access to health care still do not eliminate the impact of socioeconomic factors. In the US differences by race appear to reflect primarily inequality by race in income and education. Economic models have been successfully used to separate endogenous from exogenous variables. Wage models such as those by Madans et al. Zick and Smith and Elish and Lefcowitz offer deprivation explanations which say that poor people suffer ill health because they are poor. Other models include price level of knowledge personal endowments environmental sociopsychological and consumer preference models.
Enhancing and Using an Automatic Design System for Creating FPGAs

Enhancing and Using an Automatic Design System for Creating FPGAs Aaron Charles Egier Master of Applied Science Graduate Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 2005 The creation of integrated circuits has progressed from custom design and layout to the less time-intensive implementation media of ASICs and FPGAs. FPGAs provide the lowest development cost and fastest development time; however, the design of the FPGA itself is still a time-consuming, expensive, custom layout task that takes at least 50 person-years to complete. This work explores new techniques to automate the design and layout of FPGAs. An existing automatic layout system is improved by changing the grouping of transistors that form the basic building blocks of the system. These improvements result in a 16.8% area savings over previous versions and only a 36% area increase compared to equivalent custom designs. The system was also extended to create the first automatic layout of an FPGA from a generic architecture description. These improvements and additions suggest that the automatic layout system is a viable alternative to custom layout of FPGAs.
Cognitive Modeling Versus Game Theory: Why cognition matters

We call into question game theory, as a account of how people play two player zero-sum games. Evidence from a modified version of the game Paper, Rock, Scissors suggests that people do not play randomly, and not according to certain play probabilities. We investigated the relationship between game theory predictions and a cognitive model of game playing based on the detection of sequential dependencies. Previous research has shown that the sequential dependency model can account for a number of empirical findings that game theory cannot. The sequential dependency model has been implemented using both simple neural networks and ACT-R. In this paper we used simple neural networks (a description of how our findings relate to the ACT-R model is included in the Conclusion section). For simple games, such as Paper, Rock, Scissors, game theory has been able to correctly predict aggregate move probabilities. In this paper we show that this is an artifact of the symmetry of the payoffs, and that for asymmetrical payoffs the game theory solution does not predict human behavior. Furthermore, we show that the model of game playing that underlies game theory cannot be used to predict the results no matter what move probabilities are used. Finally, we show that the results can be accounted for by augmenting the network sequential dependency model so that the reward system is related to the game payoffs.
Market-Based Collaborative Robot Exploration

This paper considers the problem of using miniature low-cost robots for real-world tasks. The issues of low quality sensor data, inaccurate odometry, low processing capacity and limited power are approached through the adoption of a flexible, distributed control system. The system is employed in the context of collaborative multi-robot exploration. A market framework used to support efficient task selection and formation of coalitions between robots, where collaboration is employed to increase the accuracy of generated maps.
Caroli's Disease: Current Knowledge of Its Biliary Pathogenesis Obtained from an Orthologous Rat Model

Caroli's disease belongs to a group of hepatic fibropolycystic diseases and is a hepatic manifestation of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). It is a congenital disorder characterized by segmental saccular dilatations of the large intrahepatic bile duct and is frequently associated with congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF). The most viable theory explaining its pathogenesis suggests that it is related to ductal plate malformation. The development of the polycystic kidney (PCK) rat, an orthologous rodent model of Caroli's disease with CHF as well as ARPKD, has allowed the molecular pathogenesis of the disease and the therapeutic options for its treatment to be examined. The relevance of the findings of studies using PCK rats and/or the cholangiocyte cell line derived from them to the pathogenesis of human Caroli's disease is currently being analyzed. Fibrocystin/polyductin, the gene product responsible for ARPKD, is normally localized to primary cilia, and defects in the fibrocystin from primary cilia are observed in PCK cholangiocytes. Ciliopathies involving PCK cholangiocytes (cholangiociliopathies) appear to be associated with decreased intracellular calcium levels and increased cAMP concentrations, causing cholangiocyte hyperproliferation, abnormal cell matrix interactions, and altered fluid secretion, which ultimately result in bile duct dilatation. This article reviews the current knowledge about the pathogenesis of Caroli's disease with CHF, particularly focusing on studies of the mechanism responsible for the biliary dysgenesis observed in PCK rats.