Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can We Accurately Time the Administration of Antenatal Corticosteroids for Preterm Labor?

Background. Accurate timing of antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) has resulted in improved neonatal outcomes. Objectives. Our primary objective was to determine predictors for optimal timing of ACS in women presenting with spontaneous preterm labor. Study Design. A retrospective cohort study of women receiving ACS for spontaneous preterm birth was conducted. Women were included if they presented with preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes. Accurate timing of ACS was defined as administration within 7 days of delivery. Maternal demographic and obstetrics characteristics were compared between the groups receiving ACS ≤7 days and >7 days from delivery. Statistical analyses were performed using parametric and nonparametric tests. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results. The study included 215 subjects. Median latency from ACS administration to delivery was 6 days (IQR 32). Accurate timing of ACS occurred in 113 (53%) women and was associated with rupture of membranes (OR 13.8, 95% CI 5.9–32.6), cervical change (OR 7.1, 95% CI 3.0–17.1), and cervical dilation ≥ 2 cm (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.5–10.3). Conclusions. Rupture of membranes, cervical change, and cervical dilation ≥ 2 cm were strong predictors of optimal timing. 53% of women with preterm labor received ACS optimally.
Hybrid assistance in KDD task definition

Although some research has been dedicated to the development of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) assistance mechanisms, little effort has been directed to the deployment of tools that assist humans during the KDD task definition stage. In order to satisfy this need for a KDD task definition assistance device, the present work proposes three different approaches: a) the first one is called theoretical approach and is based on concepts from the Theory of Attribute Equivalence in Databases [3] and from Topological Spaces [4]; b) the second employs Artificial Neural Networks [7] to learn mappings between heterogeneous patterns and is called experimental approach; c) the third one combines the abovementioned approaches to implement what is called hybrid approach. These approaches, their models and implementations are described in detail. Experiments with real KDD applications, comparisons and conclusions are reported.
Competition among procrastinators

I consider a situation in which workers have present-biased preferences and tend to procrastinate their tasks, but underestimate the degree of self-control problems that they will face in the future. Brocas and Carrillo (J Risk Uncertain 22:141–164, 2001) show that a form of competition always mitigates delay in a setting where agents are perfectly aware of their future self-control problems. However, I show that the introduction of the competition considered in their paper does not necessarily mitigate delay in a setting where agents underestimate the magnitude of their future self-control problems. The intuition is that competition reinforces their belief that they will complete earlier, which undermines their incentive to complete now. This result holds even when there is only one worker who severely underestimates the degree of his or her future self-control problem, suggesting that the mere existence of a single “irrational” agent can undermine the overall performance of organizations. Moreover, the intuition behind my result implies that, to mitigate procrastination, it is important to design schemes in which workers believe that they will not complete early in the future, e.g., reducing competition over time, increasing cost over time, or even enforcing no work day tomorrow.
Optical identification of the 3C 58 pulsar wind nebula

Context. The Crab-like supernova remnant 3C 58 contains the young pulsar PSR J0295+6449, which powers a radio plerion and a compact torus-like pulsar wind nebula visible in X-rays. Aims. We have performed deep optical imaging of the 3C 58 field to detect the optical counterpart of the pulsar and its wind nebula. Methods. The imaging was carried out with the Nordic Optical Telescope. We also analyzed the archival images of the field obtained with the Chandra/ACIS-S and HRC-S in X-rays and with the Spitzer/IRAC in the mid-infrared. Results. We detect a faint extended elliptical optical object with B = 24. m 06 ± 0.08 and V = 23. 11 ± 0.04, whose center and peak brightness position are consistent at the sub-arcsecond level with the position of the pulsar. The morphology of the object and the orientation of its major axis are in excellent agreement with the torus region of the pulsar wind nebula seen almost edge on in the X-rays, although its extension is only about a half of what is in X-rays. This suggests that in the optical we see only the brightest central part of the torus nebula with the pulsar. The position and morphology of the object are also practically identical to the counterpart of the torus region recently detected in the mid-infrared bands. We do not resolve any point-like source within the nebula that could be identified with the pulsar and estimate that the contribution of the pulsar to the observed optical flux is <10%. Using the archival Chandra/ACIS-S data we analyzed the spectrum of the pulsar+nebula X-ray emission extracted from the spatial region constrained by the optical/infrared source position and extent and find that a single absorbed power law provides an acceptable spectral fit. Combining this fit with the optical and infrared fluxes of the detected candidate torus nebula counterpart, we compile a tentative multi-wavelength spectrum of the central part of the pulsar nebula. Within the uncertainties of the interstellar extinction towards 3C 58, it is reminiscent of either the Crab or PSR B0540-69 pulsar wind nebula spectra. Conclusions. The position, morphology, and spectral properties of the detected source strongly suggest that it is the optical/midinfrared counterpart of the 3C 58 pulsar + its wind nebula system. This makes 3C 58 the third member, together with the Crab and PSR B0540-69, of such a system as identified in the optical and mid-infrared.
DISSEMINATION OF PS-INSAR RESULTS FOR IMPROVED INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS

Persistent Scatterer Interferometry is currently recognized as an efficient method for detection and monitoring of surface deformation such as land subsidence. The abundance of observations, particularly in urban environments, stresses the capabilities for unambiguous data interpretation. This is due to the fact that the behavior of a single PS can be due to localized effects, such as building instability or local groundwater and geotechnical circumstances, as well as due to wide scale phenomena such as subsidence due to the extraction of hydrocarbon resources. For these reasons, it is practically impossible for providers of PS results to unambiguously interpret all the data points. On the other hand, for end-users the PS results are often too difficult to interpret as well, since significant knowledge of the technique is needed to prevent overor under-interpretation of the data. Consequently, the analysis of PS results needs to be performed in close collaboration between the end-users and the providers of the technique. In this study, the options for optimal dissemination of PS results are considered, aiming at PS information sharing with the user-community. We present a MapServer GIS approach for web publishing of PS-InSAR data results in combination with other geodata. The geo-information combination with PS-InSAR results is done at the server side and the user (client) does not require the installation of a dedicated and (expensive) GIS software for visualizing overlays of information layers. The final interface is a simple web browser where the user can visualize and query PS information. Here we use the functionality of an open source Mapserver WMS (Web Map Server) to link the GIS database(s) with PS results and serve the user with information about the PS data attributes and time series of the PS. Besides this possibility, freely available viewers and servers (eg. Google Earth) can be used in conjunction with the PS database.
DDoS Defense Mechanism Analysis Based on Signaling Game Model

DDoS attack and defense is regarded as a multistage signaling game with observable actions. Its extensive form is given out, and its perfect bayesian nash equilibrium is solved. The current problems encountered by DDoS attack defense are discussed. Theoretical analysis proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the service hopping strategy. This paper draws a conclusion that adding service hopping strategy is superior to a pure filtering strategy, also provides beneficial reference on DDoS attack prevention.
Moduli Spaces of Singular Yamabe Metrics

Complete, conformally flat metrics of constant positive scalar cur- vature on the complement of k points in the n-sphere, k ≥ 2, n ≥ 3, were constructed by R. Schoen in 1988. We consider the problem of determining the moduli space of all such metrics. All such metrics are asymptotically peri- odic, and we develop the linear analysis necessary to understand the nonlinear problem. This includes a Fredholm theory and asymptotic regularity theory for the Laplacian on asymptotically periodic manifolds, which is of indepen- dent interest. The main result is that the moduli space is a locally real analytic variety of dimension k. For a generic set of nearby conformal classes the mod- uli space is shown to be a k-dimensional real analytic manifold. The structure as a real analytic variety is obtained by writing the space as an intersection of a Fredholm pair of infinite dimensional real analytic manifolds. Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 E-mail address: mazzeo@math.stanford. edu Department of Mathematics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 E-mail address: pollack@math.uchicago. edu Department of Mathematics, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712 E-mail address: uhlen@math.utexas. edu License or copyright restrictions may apply to redistribution; see http://www.ams. org/journal-terms-of-use
Some Untractable Classes of Constraint Networks

The SAT problem being NP-complete, some authors have partitioned its instances in classes described by simple parameters (e.g. the size of a clause). Some of these classes have been shown NP-complete and some polynomial. It is known that the problem of the existence of a solution in a Constraint Network (CN) is NP-complete. But, for CNs having a particular structure (e.g. trees), we know polynomial algorithms to answer that question. Nevertheless, the literature has never proposed a partition of CNs in classes described by simple parameters (like for the instances of SAT). This paper proposes a partition of CNs in classes described by two simple and essential parameters. Then, for each class, we say if the problem of the existence of solutions is polynomial or NP-complete.
ODE SWS: a framework for designing and composing semantic Web services

Specifying semantic Web services requires designing the semantic description at a conceptual level to guarantee its correctness and avoid inconsistencies. We present a framework for designing and composing semantic Web services at the knowledge level in a language-independent manner. We base our framework on a stack of ontologies that explicitly describes different semantic Web services features, and on the assumption that the semantic Web services are modeled as problem-solving methods (PSMs) that describe the service's internal structure.
Admissible Landmark Heuristic for Multi-Agent Planning

Heuristics are a crucial component in modern planning systems. In optimal multiagent planning the state of the art is to compute the heuristic locally using only information available to a single agent. This approach has a major deficiency as the local shortest path can arbitrarily underestimate the true shortest path cost in the global problem. As a solution, we propose a distributed version of a state-of-the-art LM-Cut heuristic. We show that our distributed algorithm provides estimates provably equal to estimates of the centralized version computed on the global problem. We also evaluate the algorithm experimentally and show that on a number of domains, the distributed algorithm can significantly improve performance of a multiagent planner.
Role of PON in Anoxia-Reoxygenation Injury: A Drosophila Melanogaster Transgenic Model

Background Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a protein found associated with high density lipoprotein (HDL), thought to prevent oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). This enzyme has been implicated in lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease. Anoxia-reoxygenation and oxidative stress are important elements in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. However, the role of PON1 in anoxia-reoxygenation or anoxic injury is unclear. We hypothesize that PON1 prevents anoxia-reoxygenation injury. We set out to determine whether PON1 expression in Drosophila melanogaster protects against anoxia-reoxygenation (A-R) induced injury. Methods Wild type (WT) and transgenic PON1 flies were exposed to anoxia (100% Nitrogen) for different time intervals (from 1 to 24 hours). After the anoxic period, flies were placed in room air for reoxygenation. Activity and survival of flies was then recorded. Results Within 5 minutes of anoxia, all flies fell into a stupor state. After reoxygenation, survivor flies resumed activity with some delay. Interestingly, transgenic flies recovered from stupor later than WT. PON1 transgenic flies had a significant survival advantage after A-R stress compared with WT. The protection conferred by PON1 expression was present regardless of the age or dietary restriction. Furthermore, PON1 expression exclusively in CNS conferred protection. Conclusion Our results support the hypothesis that PON1 has a protective role in anoxia-reoxygenation injury, and its expression in the CNS is sufficient and necessary to provide a 100% survival protection.
Secure AODV using Symmetric Key Cryptography with Cyclic Chain Hash Function (CCHF)

paper, we analyze the network performance with using Symmetric Key Cryptographic technique applying in AODV routing protocol with cyclic chain hash function (CCHF). Throughput and end to end delay of KK cryptographic (KKC) algorithm applying in AODV is less. If Symmetric Key Cryptographic technique used in AODV routing protocol with cyclic chain hash function has given maximum throughput and minimum end to end delay. In this dissertation, Key authentication is used in cyclic chain hash function. The proposed work we have implemented of the network performance. Shows the network performance of the proposed work is analysis of results. Network Simulator 2.34 is used for Simulation of results.
Angular Dependency of Neutron-Induced Multiple Cell Upsets in 65-nm 10T Subthreshold SRAM

This paper reports neutron-induced MCU (Multiple Cell Upset) measured in 0.4-V 65-nm 10T SRAM at two incident angles of 0 <sup>°</sup> and 60 <sup>°</sup>. The measurement results show that the ratio of the number of measured MCUs at the angles of 60<sup>°</sup> to that at 0<sup>°</sup> is 1.13 in 0.4-V operation, while the ratio of neutrons radiated to the test chip was 50% at 60<sup>°</sup> . The spatial MCU patterns measured at 60<sup>°</sup> indicate that forward emission of secondary ions plays an important role to cause the angular dependency in 0.4-V operation. Furthermore, a Monte-Carlo simulation using PHITS (Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System) was performed to confirm the measured angular dependency of neutron-induced MCUs. The simulation results show that the ratio of the number of MCUs at the angles of 60<sup>°</sup> to that at 0<sup>°</sup> is 1.20 and the same tendency of MCU patterns is observed. The measured angular dependency of neutron-induced MCUs is mostly reproduced by the simulated generation and transport of secondary ions.
Are shorter article titles more attractive for citations? Cross-sectional study of 22 scientific journals.

AIM To investigate the correlation between the length of the title of a scientific article and the number of citations it receives, in view of the common editorial call for shorter titles. METHODS Title and the number of citations to all articles published in 2005 in 22 arbitrarily chosen English-language journals (n=9031) were retrieved from citation database Scopus. The 2008 journal impact factors of these 22 journals were also retrieved from Thomson Reuters' Journal Citation Report (JCR). Assuming the article title length as the independent variable, and the number of citations to the article as the dependent variable, a linear regression model was applied. RESULTS The slope of the regression line for some journals (n=6, when titles were measured in characters but 7 when titles were measured in words) was negative - none was significantly different from 0. The overall slope for all journals was 0.140 (when titles were measured in characters) and 0.778 (when titles were measured in words), which is significantly different from 0 (P<0.001 , t test). Overall, articles with longer titles received more citations - Spearman rho=0.266 - when titles were measured in characters, and rho=0.244 when titles were measured in words (P<0.001). This association was found for 7 of 8 journals with impact factor >10 and for 2 out of 14 journals with impact factor <10 (P<0.001, Fisher exact test). CONCLUSION Longer titles seem to be associated with higher citation rates. This association is more pronounced for journals with high impact factors. Editors who insist on brief and concise titles should perhaps update the guidelines for authors of their journals and have more flexibility regarding the length of the title.
Mitigation of Low Frequency Oscillation Phenomenon in Power System by Implementing Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Controlled Power System Stabilizer

The power system stabilizer is used to damp out the low frequency oscillations that improve the small signal stability of the power system. If ignored these low frequency oscillations may lead to cascaded failure of the complete power system. This paper presents the comparative study of conventional power system stabilizer (CPSS) with newly proposed Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Controlled Power System Stabilizer (AFLCPSS) for mitigation of low frequency oscillation phenomenon in Power system.
Exploiting synergies of multiple crossovers: initial studies

Genetic algorithms (GAS) are believed to exploit the synergy between diKerent traversals of the solution space that are afforded by crossover and mutation operators. While dozens of different crossovers are known, comparatively little attention has been devoted to improving performance by using multiple crossover operators within a given GA implementation. Here, we examine various aspects of combining different crossovers; we demonstrate that mixtures of crossovers can outperform any single crossover, and that choosing appropriate mixing proportions is critical for good performance. We conjecture that good crossover mixtures are characterized by “balance” in the crossovers’ respective influences in the population, and explore three adaptive strategies for mixing crossovers.
Oxidative Stress Mediates Tumor Necrosis Factor-&agr;–Induced Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Dysfunction in Cardiac Myocytes

Background—Tumor necrosis factor-&agr; (TNF-&agr;) and angiotensin II (Ang II) are implicated in the development and further progression of heart failure, which might be, at least in part, mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the cause and consequences of this agonist-mediated ROS production in cardiac myocytes have not been well defined. Recently, we demonstrated that increased ROS production was associated with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and dysfunction in failing hearts. We thus investigated whether the direct exposure of cardiac myocytes to TNF-&agr; and Ang II in vitro could induce mtDNA damage via production of ROS. Methods and Results—TNF-&agr; increased ROS production within cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes after 1 hour, as assessed by 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate fluorescence microscopy. TNF-&agr; also decreased mtDNA copy number by Southern blot analysis in association with complex III activity, which was prevented in the presence of the antioxidant &agr;-tocopherol. A direct exposure of myocytes to H2O2 caused a similar decrease in mtDNA copy number. In contrast, Ang II did not affect mtDNA copy number, despite the similar increase in ROS production. TNF-&agr;–mediated ROS production and a decrease in mtDNA copy number were inhibited by the sphingomyelinase inhibitor D609. Furthermore, N-acetylsphingosine (C2-ceramide), a synthetic cell-permeable ceramide analogue, increased myocyte ROS production, suggesting that TNF-&agr;–mediated ROS production and subsequent mtDNA damage were mediated by the sphingomyelin-ceramide signaling pathway. Conclusions—The intimate link between TNF-&agr;, ROS, and mtDNA damage might play an important role in myocardial remodeling and failure.
An unusual case of concurrent insulinoma and nesidioblastosis.

CONTEXT Endogenous hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia in adults is most commonly caused by an insulinoma. Adult nesidioblastosis is rarely reported. To the best of our knowledge the presence of both insulinoma and nesidioblastosis has not been reported before. CASE REPORT We report a case of a 35-year-old female presenting with neuroglycaemic symptoms. A supervised 72-hour fast confirmed hypoglycaemia in the presence of hyperinsulinaemia. Thorough pre-operative biochemical and radiological investigations, including selective splenic, superior mesenteric and portal venous sampling inferred a tentative diagnosis of adult nesidioblastosis. However, a grossly elevated insulin level within the splenic vein on a second set of venous sampling produced a high index of suspicion for the presence of an insulinoma. At surgical exploration both an insulinoma and nesidioblastosis were identified and confirmed by histological examination. CONCLUSION We report an even rarer entity of concurrent insulinoma and nesidioblastosis.
A Metadata Cluster Based on OSD+ Devices

We present the design and implementation of both an enhanced type of OSD device, the OSD+ device, and a metadata cluster based on it. OSD+s support data objects and directory objects. A directory object stores file names and attributes, and supports metadata--related operations. OSD+s profit the directory implementation and features of the underlying file systems used by the storage nodes, achieving a great flexibility, simplicity and small overhead. By using OSD+ devices, we show how a metadata cluster can effectively be managed by all the servers in a system, improving the performance, scalability and availability of the metadata service. The performance of our new metadata cluster has been evaluated and compared with Lustre's. The results show that our proposal obtains a better throughput than Lustre when both use a single metadata server, easily getting improvements of more than 60--80\%, and that the performance scales with the number of OSD+s.
Rectangular Partitioning

Motivation The motivation for Rectangular Partitioning comes from my work. The application I help create has forms that can be designed by third parties, and it also has a layout engine that makes it easy to change the layout of a form based on the size of the form and its contents. The layout engine takes as it’s input a table of cells and their contents, along with attributes specifying how a given cell, row, or column should behave (i.e. expand when the form expands, alignment of controls, etc.). The table of cells may have controls that overlap multiple cells, but each cell may contain at most one control. Third party form designers don’t have direct access to this layout engine, and so we created a conversion from the form they designed to the layout engine input by subdividing the form space into rows and columns based on the placement of individual controls, which are all rectangular. Minimizing the number of rows plus columns is important to the running time of the layout engine, so that is our goal.