Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wideband H-Plane T-Junction Power Divider With Compensation Elements Using Double Ridged Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide

The empty substrate integrated waveguide (ESIW) presents the same advantages as the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW): low cost, low profile, and easy integration, but with lower insertion losses because the dielectric is removed. In order to increase the operational usable bandwidth, one or two ridge layers can be added to the ESIW, leading to the single ridge ESIW (RESIW) or the double ridge ESIW (DRESIW). A transition from microstrip to DRESIW has already been presented, but no other passive components have been implemented in this technology yet. This letter presents a broadband 3-dB DRESIW power divider based on an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-plane T-junction with compensation elements, which can be easily manufactured using standard planar circuit manufacturing techniques. The manufactured prototype presents measured return losses greater than 12 dB from 6.9 to 20.4 GHz, representing a 99% fractional bandwidth (FBW), whereas the power division is rather symmetric since the maximum <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S_{21}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S_{31}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> parameters are −3.98 and −3.78 dB, respectively.
Classification model with collinear grouping of features

ABSTRACT Pattern recognition procedures operate on data represented as sets of multidimensional feature vectors. A small sample of data appears when the dimension of the feature vectors (number of features) is much larger than the number of feature vectors (objects). Small datasets often emerge in practice, for example in genetics. The design of classification or prognostic models on small data sets requires the development of new types of methods. Methods based on L 1 geometry can play an important role in this regard.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol on How Best to Use Non-Pharmacologic Therapies to Manage Chronic Low Back Pain and Associated Depression

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of different non-pharmacologic therapies (NPTs) on relieving depressive symptoms and pain intensity in individuals living with chronic low back pain (LBP) and associated depression. Methods A comprehensive search of seven English databases and two Chinese databases from inception to the search date will be undertaken. The reference lists of previously published relevant reviews and included trials will also be searched. Only peer-reviewed and published moderate-to-high quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for chronic LBP and associated depression treated with NPTs will be considered. Two independent reviewers will identify studies, extract data, assess risk of bias, and evaluate the strength of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Meta-analysis will be conducted to estimate the treatment effect of various NPTs. Heterogeneity will be assessed using Cochrane’s Q and the I-squared statistics. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be performed to assess the robustness of findings. A funnel plot will be developed to evaluate reporting bias, and Begg’s and Egger’s tests will be used to assess funnel plot symmetries. Results This protocol outlines the planned scope and methodology for an upcoming systematic review and meta-analysis, which will provide up-to-date evidence on 1) which NPTs are associated with improvements in depressive symptoms and pain intensity and 2) whether the effects of NPTs on chronic LBP and associated depression vary according to clinical condition, participant, and treatment characteristics. Conclusion Our meta-analyses of moderate-to-high quality RCTs will help to develop specific recommendations on prescribing NPTs in patients with chronic LBP and associated depression. Study Registration This protocol is registered on the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (INPLASY) protocols platform as record No. INPLASY202260055.
DynNetSLAM: Dynamic Visual SLAM Network Offloading

Existing Visual Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (vSLAM) approaches that offload the complex self-localization computations from mobile robots over a wireless network to edge computing are limited to static offloading, i.e., the offloaded computation tasks are offloaded permanently. However, wireless networks are inherently dynamic and may excessively delay the transmissions between a mobile device and the edge during periods of poor wireless network quality, e.g., from fading or temporary obstructions. We propose and evaluate Dynamic Visual SLAM Network Offloading (DynNetSLAM) to dynamically adapt the vSLAM computation offloading according to the measured wireless network latency. As groundwork towards developing DynNetSLAM, we first enhance the existing state-of-the-art vSLAM approaches through judicious parameter settings and parallel map updates to enable the tracking of common fast vSLAM data sets. We introduce an offloading latency threshold along with a safe zone and a hysteresis around the threshold to control the dynamic offloading. Our extensive evaluations with public vSLAM data sets indicate that DynNetSLAM with the hysteresis substantially reduces the probability of track loss events compared to the state-of-the-art ORB-SLAM2 approach for processing statically on the mobile device and the enhanced static Edge SLAM. Also, DynNetSLAM nearly attains the low absolute position error and only slightly increases the CPU utilization compared to the enhanced static Edge SLAM.
Control and stabilization of the periodic fifth order Korteweg-de Vries equation

We establish local exact control and local exponential stability of periodic solutions of fifth order Korteweg-de Vries type equations in Hs(𝕋), s > 2. A dissipative term is incorporated into the control which, along with a propagation of regularity property, yields a smoothing effect permitting the application of the contraction principle.
Reliable Autonomous Driving Environment Model With Unified State-Extended Boundary

From the early stage of robotic applications to current autonomous driving technologies, environment modeling has been acting as the middleware for connecting perception and decision layers. In robotic applications, space-oriented models (e.g., grid map, drivable area) are widely applied to faithfully reflect the space occupation. With the development of autonomous driving, highly dynamic and complex road environment brings rising need to understand the type and motion status of objects, thus element list has became the mainstream environment model. However, along comes the reliablity problem caused by missed detection and irregular objects, which is still inevitable despite the detection accuracy improvement. In view of this, a new view of driving environment is proposed as the unified state-extended boundary (USEB), aiming to improve the reliablity of element-oriented model. For driving decision requirements, different types of elements are consistently converted into driving constraints. Semantics and dynamics are expressed as the status of drivable area boundary, making it possible to merge space occupation to improve reliability against missed detection and irregular objects. Evaluation of USEB is carried out on the nuScenes dataset. Comparative results show that the proposed USEB could cover the required information for driving decision, whereas achieving higher reliability than the commonly applied element-oriented model.
Highly biased prime number races

Chebyshev observed in a letter to Fuss that there tends to be more primes of the form $4n+3$ than of the form $4n+1$. The general phenomenon, which is referred to as Chebyshev's bias, is that primes tend to be biased in their distribution among the different residue classes $\bmod q$. It is known that this phenomenon has a strong relation with the low-lying zeros of the associated $L$-functions, that is if these $L$-functions have zeros close to the real line, then it will result in a lower bias. According to this principle one might believe that the most biased prime number race we will ever find is the Li$(x)$ versus $\pi(x)$ race, since the Riemann zeta function is the $L$-function of rank one having the highest first zero. This race has density 0.99999973. , and we study the question of whether this is the highest possible density. We will show that it is not the case, in fact there exists prime number races whose density can be arbitrarily close to 1. An example of race whose density exceeds the above number is the race between quadratic residues and non-residues modulo 4849845, for which the density is 0.999999928. We also give fairly general criteria to decide whether a prime number race is highly biased or not. Our main result depends on the General Riemann Hypothesis and on a hypothesis on the multiplicity of the zeros of a certain Dedekind zeta function. We also derive more precise results under a linear independence hypothesis.
Wideband Dual-Polarized Gap Waveguide Antenna Array Based on Novel 3-D-Printed Feeding-Network Topologies

A wideband dual-polarized array based on gap waveguide technology using new feeding-network topologies is proposed in this article for millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) applications. Compared with the traditional dual-polarized gap waveguide antenna array, this feeding-network of the proposed subarray exhibits only two layers (polarization separation layer and power divider layer). Two orthogonal polarizations are excited by two orthogonal modes of a cylindrical cavity. A high-order mode cavity acts as a 1 to 4 power divider. The proposed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 2 subarray has an overall bandwidth of 24% (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert S_{11}\vert < -10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert S_{21}\vert < -10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB and gain fluctuations within 3 dB) with a peak gain of 15.2 dBi. Although the overall bandwidth of the subarray is wide, the port isolation is low (about 15 dB) and the cross-polarization level is relatively high due to the polarization separation being realized on a one-layer structure. In the array design, a dual-polarized feeding network with high isolation above 40 dB is realized by using ridge gap waveguide and groove gap waveguide transmission lines. Since the feed network is designed symmetrically, the cross-polarization is also canceled out. The simulated cross-polarization ratio of the array is higher than 50 dB. Based on the new feeding network topologies, measured results demonstrate that the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 4 array achieves an overall bandwidth of 22.8% (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert S_{11}\vert < -10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert S_{21}\vert < -40$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB and gain fluctuations within 3 dB) with a peak gain of 19.8 dBi. The proposed antenna features a wide overall bandwidth with dual polarization, low cost, and good radiation performance, which is well suited for 5G mm-Wave applications.
Planar Pose Estimation System Design via Explicit Spatial Representation Model of Concurrent AC Magnetic Fields

This study proposes a new approach to pose estimation algorithm and system implementation based on concurrent ac magnetic fields from an array of magnetic coils. The typical dipole model used in the existing research has inappropriate prediction characteristics when the operating range of dynamic objects is widened, as in the cases of mobile robots or drones. An enlarged circular loop with a meter-sized coil dimension and its corresponding excitation electronics are developed to overcome this shortcoming. In designing a pose estimation algorithm, a compact mathematical model is derived through the suggested spatial representation and the partial derivatives with respect to states. As a result, an accurate and computationally efficient pose estimation framework has been achieved, which validates the feasibility of the developed spatial representation model with actual magnetic measurements. While the proposed method can provide a general formula for a 3-D dynamic case, yet a reduced model is specifically presented for a typical indoor 2-D application. The performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through the ground experiment in an indoor building environment with 50-m2 coverage. Compared with the ground truth, static error variation from the low-order polynomial case is computed to be sub-centimeter, which allows an onboard algorithm implementation. Finally, the experiment via dynamic trajectory tests demonstrated the relative position accuracy of 1.2% and heading error of about 2° within the operating range.
Continuous and discrete fractional operators and some fractional functions

The classical orthogonal polynomials are usually defined by the Rodrigues' formula. This paper refers to a fractional extension of the classical Hermite, Laguerre, Jacobi, Charlier, Meixner, Krawtchouk and Hahn polynomials. By means of the Caputo operator of fractional calculus, C-Hermite, C-Laguerre, C-Legndre and the C-Jacobi functions are defined and their representation in terms of the hypergeometric functions are provided. Also, by means of the Gray and Zhang fractional difference oparator, fractional Charlier, Meixner, Krawtchouk and Hahn functions are defined and their representation in terms of the hypergeometric functions are provided. Some other properties of the new defined functions are given.
Automorphism groups of designs with $\lambda=1$

If $G$ is a finite group and $k =q>2$ or $k=q+1$ for a prime power $q$ then, for infinitely many integers $v$, there is a $2$-$(v,k,1)$-design ${\bf D}$ for which ${\rm Aut} {\bf D}\cong G$.
A Proof of the Gaudin Bethe Ansatz Conjecture

Gaudin algebra is the commutative subalgebra in $U(\mathfrak{g})^{\otimes N}$ generated by higher integrals of the quantum Gaudin magnet chain attached to a semisimple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$. This algebra depends on a collection of pairwise distinct complex numbers $z_1,\ldots,z_N$. We prove that this subalgebra has a cyclic vector in the space of singular vectors of the tensor product of any finite-dimensional irreducible $\mathfrak{g}$-modules, for all values of the parameters $z_1,\ldots,z_N$. We deduce from this result the Bethe Ansatz conjecture in the Feigin-Frenkel form which states that the joint eigenvalues of the higher Gaudin Hamiltonians on the tensor product of irreducible finite-dimensional $\mathfrak{g}$-modules are in 1-1 correspondence with monodromy-free ${}^LG$-opers on the projective line with regular singularities at the points $z_1,\ldots,z_N,\infty$ and the prescribed residues at the singular points.
Perfect sampling for Gibbs point processes using partial rejection sampling

We present a perfect sampling algorithm for Gibbs point processes, based on the partial rejection sampling of Guo et al. (2017). Our particular focus is on pairwise interaction processes, penetrable spheres mixture models and area-interaction processes, with a finite interaction range. For an interaction range $2r$ of the target process, the proposed algorithm can generate a perfect sample with $O(\log(1/r))$ expected running time complexity, provided that the intensity of the points is not too high.
Promotive role of IRF7 in ferroptosis of colonic epithelial cells in ulcerative colitis by the miR-375-3p/SLC11A2 axis

Ferroptosis is implicated in the progression of ulcerative colitis (UC), and interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) contributes to cell death. This study probed the mechanism of IRF7 in ferroptosis of colonic epithelial cells (ECs) in mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC. The UC mouse model and the in vitro ferroptosis model were, respectively, established by DSS feeding and the treatment with FIN56 (a ferroptosis inducer). Results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting revealed the upregulation of IRF7 and solute carrier family 11 member 2 (SLC11A2/NRAMP2/DMT1) and the downregulation of microRNA (miR)-375-3p in DSS-treated mice and FIN56-treated ECs. Silencing of IRF7 improved the symptoms of UC in DSS-induced mice and decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and interleukin 1β, reactive oxygen species, iron ions, lipid peroxidation, and increased glutathione and glutathione peroxidase 4. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase assays showed that binding of IRF7 to the miR-375-3p promoter inhibited miR-375-3p expression, and miR-375-3p suppressed SLC11A2 transcription. The rescue experiments revealed that knockdown of miR-375-3p neutralized the role of silencing IRF7 in alleviating ferroptosis of colonic ECs. Overall, IRF7 upregulated SLC11A2 transcription by inhibiting miR-375-3p expression, thereby prompting ferroptosis of colonic ECs and UC progression in DSS-treated mice.
A Reconfigurable AC Power Cycling Test Setup for Comprehensive Reliability Evaluation of GaN HEMTs

To address the challenges in long-term reliability testing of GaN power devices, this paper proposes a reconfigurable AC power cycling test setup. While addressing the limitations of existing aging tests, the proposed setup enables accelerated aging of GaN devices under a wide range of realistic stress conditions. Specifically, various hard and soft switching modes can be tested to realistically emulate different application scenarios. In addition to the ability to control test temperature, the setup also features adjustable power loop inductance that enables precise control over voltage overshoot during hard switching transients. Further, an on-state resistance based junction temperature estimation technique is used for closed loop junction temperature control. For this, a fast drain-source voltage measurement circuit along with an algorithm for closed-loop control of the mean junction temperature is presented in detail. Furthermore, the magnitudes of the temperature swing under different operation conditions are discussed in depth which provides a good insight to control temperature swings. Finally, a prototype is built to validate the proposed test design.
Uniform random colored complexes

We present here random distributions on (D + 1)‐edge‐colored, bipartite graphs with a fixed number of vertices 2p. These graphs encode D‐dimensional orientable colored complexes. We investigate the behavior of those graphs as p→∞. The techniques involved in this study also yield a Central Limit Theorem for the genus of a uniform map of order p, as p→∞.
Criteria of valid line sum arrays for multidimensional matrices

Gale and Ryser found a criterion for existence of a binary matrix with given row and column sums. Mirsky extended the theorem of Gale and Ryser to $q$-ary matrices. In this paper, we are interested in higher dimensional extension of these theorems. We first introduce multidimensional matrices as a higher dimensional generalization of matrices. We next replace the concept of row and columns in matrices by lines in multidimensional matrices. We finally find a criterion for existence of a $q$-ary multidimensional matrices with given line sums.
Metagenomic Insights into Microbial Community Structure, Function, and Salt Adaptation in Saline Soils of Arid Land, China

Soil salinization is spread in the dryland of NW China due to the dry or extreme dry climate. Increased salinization damages the health and function of soil systems and influences the microbial community structure and function. Some studies have been conducted to reveal the microbial community structure and isolate the microorganisms of saline soil or salt-lake sediments in this region. However, the functions of microorganisms and their response to salinization, i.e., their adaptation strategy to a wide salinization range in arid environments, are less understood. Here, we applied metagenomics technology to investigate the microbial community structure, function, and their relationship with salinization, and discussed the adaptative strategy of microorganisms to different saline environments. A total of 42 samples were sequenced on the Illumina PE500 platform. The archaea and bacteria constituted the dominant kingdoms; Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were the dominant bacterial phyla; and Euryarchaeota were the dominant archaeal phylum. The microbial communities showed significant structure divergence according to the salt concentration (saline (mean EC 22 mS/cm) and hypersaline (mean EC 70 mS/cm)), wherein the communities were dominated by bacteria in saline soils and archaea in hypersaline soils. Most of the dominant bacterial representation decreased with salinity, while the archaea increased with salinity. KEGG functional annotation showed that at level 2, the cell motility, environmental adaptation, signal transduction, signaling molecules and interaction, glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, and metabolism of other amino acids were reduced from saline to hypersaline, whereas the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, folding sorting and degradation, replication and repair, transcription and translation, amino acid biosynthesis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and carbon fixation increased with salinity. The increased salt content decreased the carbohydrate activities of microorganisms. The osmolyte regulation substance synthesis and absorption-related genes were more abundant in saline soils than in hypersaline soils, whereas the Na+/H+ antiporter genes (mnhB-E) and H+/Na+-transporting ATPase genes (atpA-F, I, K) were significantly higher in hypersaline soils. This indicated that in saline soils, microorganisms primarily synthesize and/or uptake compatible solutes to cope with osmotic stress, whereas in the hypersaline habitat, the high-salt-in strategy was predicated to be adopted by the halophilic/extremely halophilic microorganisms, coupled with a high abundance of replication and repair, cofactors and vitamin metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and carbon fixation to provide energy and ensure cell regeneration. In conclusion, increases in salinity influence the microbial communities’ structure and function, as well as the adaptation of microorganisms.