Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Device control protocol using mobile phone

The capabilities of smart phone is raising the interest of the smart home and home network technologies. These has used smart phone as a remote controller. However, the technologies of each vendor are different, connections between the products of other companies are difficult. We suggest the protocol that can control multiple devices with a single application in the smart phone.
Selection for growth rate in pigs on restricted feeding : genetic parameters and responses in growth rate and body composition traits for group housed ad libitum fed pigs.

Estimation of genetic parameters for lifetime daily liveweight gain and carcass traits were carried out on 1892 records of pigs fed ad libitum in groups. Estimates of heritability (standard errors in parentheses) were 0.19 (0.04) for lifetime daily liveweight gain (LWDG), 0.13 (0.04) for daily carcass weight gain (CWDG), 0.35 (0.06) for carcass backfat (CF) and 0.33 (0.06) for predicted lean percentage in the carcass (LEAN). Genetic correlations among carcass traits were favourable. Lifetime daily liveweight gain exhibited a negative genetic correlation with carcass fat. After four years of divergent selection for 6 week post-weaning growth rate on restricted feeding, pigs performance tested on ad libitum feeding in groups exhibited changes in estimated breeding values (EBV) of 9.97, -11.14 (g/d) for LWDG, 6.36, -8.79 (g/d) for CWDG, -1.82, 1.49 (mm) for CF and 3.2, -0.79 (%) for LEAN for the high and low lines, respectively.
Epigenetic regulation of adaptive responses of forest tree species to the environment

Epigenetic variation is likely to contribute to the phenotypic plasticity and adaptative capacity of plant species, and may be especially important for long-lived organisms with complex life cycles, including forest trees. Diverse environmental stresses and hybridization/polyploidization events can create reversible heritable epigenetic marks that can be transmitted to subsequent generations as a form of molecular “memory”. Epigenetic changes might also contribute to the ability of plants to colonize or persist in variable environments. In this review, we provide an overview of recent data on epigenetic mechanisms involved in developmental processes and responses to environmental cues in plant, with a focus on forest tree species. We consider the possible role of forest tree epigenetics as a new source of adaptive traits in plant breeding, biotechnology, and ecosystem conservation under rapid climate change.
Second Primary Cancers Following Breast Cancer in the Japanese Female Population

To assess the risk of developing second primary cancers following breast cancer in Japanese females, we performed a retrospective cohort study of 2786 patients who were newly diagnosed with breast cancer at our hospital between 1970‐1994, until the end of 1995 (average follow‐up period, 8.6 years). The expected number of each second primary cancer was calculated by multiplying the number of appropriate person‐years at risk by the corresponding age‐ and calendar period‐specific cancer incidence rates for women obtained from the Osaka Cancer Registry. One hundred and seventeen patients developed a second primary cancer other than subsequent breast cancer, yielding an observed‐to‐expected ratio (O/E) of 1.3 [95% confidence interval (CI)=1.1‐1.6]. The risk for developing a second primary cancer was significantly elevated during the first year following the diagnosis of breast cancer, and decreased with the passage of tune to unity. A significantly increased risk was noted for the development of ovarian cancer (O/E=2.4, 95% CI=1.0‐4.6), thyroid cancer (O/E=3.7, 95% CI=1.5‐7.6) and non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (O/E=3.5, 95% CI=1.4‐7.1) among the breast cancer patients compared with the general population. Patients who received hormonal therapy as the breast cancer treatment showed a significantly increased risk for ovarian cancer (O/E=5.5, 95% CI=1.8‐12.9). Patients who received chemotherapy as the breast cancer treatment had an increased risk for NHL (O/E=5.0, 95% CI=1.6‐11.6). These findings indicate that Japanese female patients with breast cancer had a 30% higher risk of developing a second primary cancer than the general population, the higher risk being manifested in the early period following the diagnosis of breast cancer. Medical surveillance of breast cancer patients for NHL, as well as for ovarian cancer and thyroid cancer, is required.
Learning Actively for Sequence Classification

In this investigation, we discuss a classification issue of sequence data. Generally, we assume a set of training data to construct classifiers, but the construction is not easy to obtain such data set. We take an approach of probabilistic classification based on Hidden Markov Model (HMM). We build a classifier to each class, apply to sequence data and estimate the class of the maximum likelihood. HMM requires less amount of training data but these data help HMM to work better. We propose an active learning approach to construct classifiers. The basic idea is that HMM takes a new training data autonomously to polish up the classifiers whenever HMM expects the more likelihood.
What Drives Acquisition Premiums and Why do Targets Reject Offers? Evidence from Failed Acquisition Offers

Using a hand-collected sample of 1,246 failed acquisition offers from 1979 to 2016, we investigate whether acquisition premiums are driven by the market’s revaluation of the target (the information hypothesis) or potential synergies (the synergy hypothesis). Partitioning the sample into acquisition offers that fail due to the target’s rejection (rejection group) and those that fail due to other reasons (non-rejection group), we find that the information hypothesis applies to both groups, reversing the interpretation of prior studies. Overall, our paper shows that identifying the failure reason is of prominent importance for research in mergers and acquisitions.
Hybrid Satellite Terrestrial Relay Networks With Cooperative Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access

In this letter, we investigate the outage probability (OP) and ergodic capacity of the downlink hybrid satellite terrestrial relay networks (HSTRNs) with a cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (C–NOMA) scheme, in which a user with better channel condition acts as a relay node and forwards information to other users, thus alleviating the masking effect of users with poor channel conditions in heavy shadowing. Specifically, the exact analytical expression for the OP of the considered system is derived. Furthermore, the ergodic capacity expression is also developed to facilitate performance evaluation of the proposed framework. Finally, the simulations are provided to show the impact of key parameters on the considered system and the superiority of introducing the C–NOMA scheme to the HSTRNs.
Bread Quality of Spelt Wheat and Its Starch

ABSTRACT Flours from five spelt cultivars grown over three years were evaluated as to their breadbaking quality and isolated starch properties. The starch properties included amylose contents, gelatinization temperatures (differential scanning calorimetry), granule size distributions, and pasting properties. Milled flour showed highly variable protein content and was higher than hard winter wheat, with short dough-mix times indicating weak gluten. High protein cultivars gave good crumb scores, some of which surpassed the HRW baking control. Loaf volume was correlated to protein and all spelt cultivars were at least 9–51% lower than the HRW control. Isolated starch properties revealed an increase in amylose in the spelt starches of 2–21% over the hard red winter wheat (HRW) control. Negative correlations were observed for the large A-type granules to bread crumb score, amylose level, and final pasting viscosity for cultivars grown in year 1999 and to pasting temperature in 1998 samples. Positive correlatio.
Using historical click data to increase interleaving sensitivity

Interleaving is an online evaluation method to compare two alternative ranking functions based on the users' implicit feedback. In an interleaving experiment, the results from two ranking functions are merged in a single result list and presented to the users. The users' click feedback on the merged result list is analysed to derive preferences over the ranking functions. An important property of interleaving methods is their sensitivity, i.e. their ability to reliably derive the comparison outcome with a relatively small amount of user behaviour data. This allows testing of changes in the search engine ranking functions frequently and, as a result, rapid iterations in developing search quality improvements can be achieved. In this paper we propose a novel approach to further improve interleaving sensitivity by using pre-experimental user behaviour data. In particular, the click history is used to train a click model, which is then used to predict which interleaved result pages are likely to contribute to the experiment outcome. The probabilities of presenting these interleaved result pages to the users are then optimised, such that the sensitivity of interleaving is maximised. In order to evaluate the proposed approach, we re-use data from six actual interleaving experiments, previously performed by a commercial search engine. Our results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms a state-of-the-art baseline, achieving up to a median of 48% reduction in the number of impressions for the same level of confidence.
Optimal Legal Moments and Stabilization Rules

Lawmakers implement stabilization rules to prevent crises and reduce the magnitude of downturns from benchmark legal environments. Stabilization rules often depend upon complementary citizen action for increasing their effectiveness. For instance, preventive climate change policy that entails infrastructure spending can be enhanced through citizen relocation near planned evacuation routes and public transportation. Financial stabilization policy that entails capital injections can be enhanced through increased private lending and business expansion. We develop a model that illustrates an optimal legal effective date given a fixed lawmaking cost and a time-variant probability of legal downturn. Citizens take beneficial action if the policy arrives early enough, but lawmakers risk error if they implement the policy too soon and the downturn never arrives.
Proposal of a Robot for Conveying Nod of Listeners in a Conversation and Evaluation Using Heart Rate Analysis

In order to support an aging society, it is important to improve the quality of life for the elderly. One of the methods is to connect the elderly who live alone and form a community. It is helpful for the elderly to join activity and communicate with others. Thus, a conversation is also indispensable factor for community formation. We have researched robot based conversation support. In the previous research [1], the robot encouraged people to talk compared to video conversation. However, from investigation of heart rate analysis during conversation, the delay between robot movement and human movement might increased participant's stress value. In this research, in order to solve the above problem, we proposed a robot synchronized with listener's nod to reduce the amount of information to be transmitted. Moreover, we examined participant's stress value. The results showed the participant's stress value of our proposed robot could be stable at lower value than that of the previous one.
Environmental Context of Information Seeking Behavior: Applying a Diffusion Model to Account for Intervening Variables

Most current models of information seeking behavior (ISB) do not explicitly address the effects of the environmental context on ISB. Wilson (1996) identified several intervening variables, but these have not been systematically considered. This chapter explores the use of the Katz, Levin and Hamilton (1963) model of diffusion of innovations to provide a framework for examining the various elements of an environmental context. In particular, this model provides the means to account for the cultural, social, communicative, and actor components of ISB. The model is described and its use as a supplementing analytic framework in ISB is examined, paying particular attention to its use in research in developing nations.
Performance evaluation of spot detection algorithms in fluorescence microscopy images

Detection of messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) spots in fluorescence microscopy images is of great importance for biologists to better understand cell function. Fluorescence microscopy and specific staining methods make biological molecules appear as bright spots in image data. Manual analysis of such data is both time consuming and laborious and can lead to errors. In this study we compare several computer-based methods for detection of spots in fluorescence microscopy images. The algorithms under comparison are, Isotropic Undecimated Wavelet Transform, Feature Point Detection, H-Dome transformation and Laplacian of Gaussian. The performance of the algorithms is validated using synthetic and real image data. The synthetic images were corrupted by Gaussian noise of different levels and the real images were obtained using fluorescence microscopy. Algorithm performance is compared based on detection accuracy.
Compliance Construction in the Context of Environmental Regulation

This article explores compliance in the context of environmental regulation. It rejects a formal concept of compliance according to which statements about compliance can be made by assessing a self-contained notion of social practices of the regulated in the light of formal legal rules. Linked to this type of analysis is the notion of a 'gap' between formal legal requirements and what the regulated do in practice. In examining this perspective critically the article argues that the concepts of rules and social practices have to be seen not as self-contained categories but as closely linked. These close links are created both on a level of behaviour, through what the regulators and the regulated actually do in practice, and on a level of meaning of rules. Thus the notion of a 'gap' needs to be complemented through a concept of integration between rules and social practices. The article develops this argument by drawing first on literature on enforcement, discretion and creative compliance; and second by relying on qualitative empirical data on the implementation of a waste management site licence by staff at a waste treatment plant and the enforcement activities of waste control officers.
Risk factors for radiation pneumonitis after radiotherapy in lung cancer patients : a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: To study the risk factors for radiation pneumonitis after radiotherapy in lung cancer patients in order to find prognostic parameters and provide reference standard for the best treatment plans. Methods: The database of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and CNKI were searched from the date of their establishment to Feb. 2015, and other sources as supplied were also retrieved. Meta-analysis on literatures predicting radiation pneumonitis after radiotherapy was conducted by using RevMan 5.2 software. Results: A total of 75 articles were primarily included in systematic review. The exposure factors included demographics (sex, age, chronic lung diseases, pulmonary function, diabetes, tumor site) and treatment factors (operation before radiotherapy, combined radio chemotherapy, using radiotherapy sensitization agent-Amifostine). Meta-analysis results showed that the OR and 95% CI of each were: 0.97 [0.82, 1.15], 0.90 [0.63, 1.28], 2.18 [1.59, 3.00], 0.27 [0.11, 0.65], 2.46 [1.33, 4.58], 0.71 [0.57, 0.90], 0.92 [0.67, 1.25], 1.41 [1.17, 1.71] and 2.38 [1.79, 3.16]. Conclusion: The risk factors for radiation pneumonitis are chronic lung diseases, pulmonary function, diabetes, tumor located in left lower lung, combined radio chemotherapy and using Amifostine. The study results indicate that upper lung cancer patients with strong pulmonary functions and without complications such as diabetes or chronic pulmonary disease have less chance getting radiation pneumonitis after radiotherapy undertaken the simple radiotherapy added with Amifostine.
Predator inadvertent social information use favours reduced clumping of its prey

When animals forage socially, individuals can obtain prey from their own searching (producer tactic) or by using the behaviour of others (scrounger tactic) when it provides inadvertent social information (ISI) that food has been located. This ISI may either indicate the location of food (social information, SI), or it may indicate the quality of the resource (public information, PI). To date, few studies have explored the selective consequences for prey of being exploited by predators that use ISI. Prey exploited by such predators should evolve traits that favour high levels of ISI use (scrounging) because this would result in lower predator search efficiency given that fewer predators would be searching directly for the prey. Our simulations confirm that ISI-using predators should increase their use of ISI when their prey form larger clumps resulting in higher prey survival. Our objective therefore is to explore whether prey will evolve towards higher clumpiness when their predators use ISI, using genetic algorithm simulation. The prey were subjected to one of three types of predators for over 500 prey generations. The predators either used: (1) no social information (NS), (2) SI only, or (3) PI. Surprisingly, the prey evolved the highest clumpiness for NS predators. Prey evolved towards smaller clump sizes with SI predators and the clumps were marginally larger when predators used PI. The result is due to the prey evolving the minimum clumpiness required to cause maximal ISI use by their predators. We discuss how this response by prey may favour the use of PI over SI in their ISI-using predators.
Effect of Freeze‐Thawing Breast Milk on Vertical HTLV‐I Transmission from Seropositive Mothers to Children

Breast feeding is known to be a major cause of vertical transmission of HTLV‐I from mothers to her children. The infectiousness of HTLV‐I in breast milk was reported to be lost during freezing and thawing processes. We therefore administered frozen‐and‐thawed breast milk of HTLV‐I carriers to their babies. Among the 13 babies given the frozen‐and‐thawed breast milk (now 12 months of age), no infection has been found yet. This result suggests that freezing and thawing of breast milk is a promising method for the prevention of vertical HTLV‐I infection to breast‐fed babies.
Leukoaraiosis and risk of intracranial hemorrhage and outcome after stroke thrombolysis

Background The impact of leukoaraiosis on the risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) after stroke thrombolysis is conflicting, and the data on Asian populations are lacking. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the association between leukoaraiosis and SICH, and the association between leukoaraiosis and the 90-day functional outcome in the Asian population. Methods Data were collected from a two-center prospective registry of acute ischemic stroke patients given intravenous tissue plasminogen activator between 2006 and 2014. A total of 614 pretreatment brain CT and 455 posttreatment MRI were retrospectively assessed using two different rating scales for the presence of leukoaraiosis. Outcome measures were the occurrence of SICH with three definitions and any hemorrhage after thrombolysis and functional outcome at 3 months. Results Of the 614 patients assessed, 30.3% showed severe leukoaraiosis on the baseline brain CT. The SICH rate was 4.6% - 7.2% based on different definitions, and overall, 24.9% of patients showed any post-tPA hemorrhage. No association was observed between the severity of leukoaraiosis and SICH, regardless of having used different leukoaraiosis rating scales or as assessment using different imaging modalities. However, severe leukoaraiosis was independently associated with poor functional outcome at 3 months (OR 1.96, 95% C1 1.24–3.11, P = 0.004) after adjustment for confounders. Conclusions Our results showed no association between leukoaraiosis and the risk of SICH. Although the presence of severe leukoaraiosis predicted a poor functional outcome after stroke, IV thrombolysis might not be withheld in acute ischemic stroke patients solely based on the presence of severe leukoaraiosis on pre-thrombolytic CT scans.
The Return of Coppersmith's Attack: Practical Factorization of Widely Used RSA Moduli

We report on our discovery of an algorithmic flaw in the construction of primes for RSA key generation in a widely-used library of a major manufacturer of cryptographic hardware. The primes generated by the library suffer from a significant loss of entropy. We propose a practical factorization method for various key lengths including 1024 and 2048 bits. Our method requires no additional information except for the value of the public modulus and does not depend on a weak or a faulty random number generator. We devised an extension of Coppersmith's factorization attack utilizing an alternative form of the primes in question. The library in question is found in NIST FIPS 140-2 and CC~EAL~5+ certified devices used for a wide range of real-world applications, including identity cards, passports, Trusted Platform Modules, PGP and tokens for authentication or software signing. As the relevant library code was introduced in 2012 at the latest (and probably earlier), the impacted devices are now widespread. Tens of thousands of such keys were directly identified, many with significant impacts, especially for electronic identity documents, software signing, Trusted Computing and PGP. We estimate the number of affected devices to be in the order of at least tens of millions. The worst cases for the factorization of 1024 and 2048-bit keys are less than 3 CPU-months and 100 CPU-years on single core of common recent CPUs, respectively, while the expected time is half of that of the worst case. The attack can be parallelized on multiple CPUs. Worse still, all susceptible keys contain a strong fingerprint that is verifiable in microseconds on an ordinary laptop -- meaning that all vulnerable keys can be quickly identified, even in very large datasets.
High suckling rates and acoustic crypsis of humpback whale neonates maximise potential for mother–calf energy transfer

This work was funded by a Sir Walter Murdoch Honorary Professorship along with Carlsberg and FNU funding to P.T. M. L.B. was funded by Murdoch University, and M.J. was funded by the Marine Alliance for Science and Technology, Scotland, and by a Marie Curie Career Integration Grant. Data for this paper are deposited in the Dryad Digital Repository https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.m8j17 (Videsen et al. 2017).
A Study on Warning Construction of "Jiao/Rang"

As a sentence structure,"Wo jiao/rang ni ku"(N1+jiao/rang+N2+VP)is ambiguous in its meaning and function.There are two different ways to interpret it,one is a common imperative sentence,while the other is a warning construction.As a warning construction,it means that N2 in the sentence arouses an unexpected action which leads N1's dissatisfaction,therefore N1 needs to warn N2 in order to stop this action.This paper analyses the syntactic and semantic features of this construction,and the semantic types of its concomitant actions.A futher discussion of its formation is also involved.