Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Method of Producing Carcinoma in Upper Aerodigestive Tree and Esophagus of the Syrian Golden Hamster Using Wounding and Instillation of N-Methylnitrosourea

Details of a method for producing carcinoma of the aerodigestive tree of the Syrian golden hamster and the use of this model to evaluate putative agents for chemoprevention of these carcinomas are described. The method produces a majority of squamous carcinomas of the trachea and glottis that follow squamous metaplasia of respiratory epithelium. In addition, seen are adenocarcinomas arising in glands of the respiratory tree. Squamous carcinomas of the digestive epithelium arise in primary squamous epithelium. These tumors of digestive epithelium have a growth pattern that differs from that of the respiratory epithelium in that they grow and invade without filling the epithelial layer with tumor cells. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(8):1644–50) (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(8):1644–50)
An ILP Approach for Optimizing Cache Locality

The delivered performance on modern processors that employ deep memory hierar chies is closely related to the performance of the memory subsystem. Compiler optimizati ons a med at improving cache locality are critical in realizing the performance potential of powerful pro cessors. For scientific applications, several loop transformations have been shown to be useful in i mproving both temporal and spatial locality. Recently, there has been some work in the area of data layout optim izations, i.e., changing the memory layouts of multi-dimensional arrays from the language-defined def ault such as column-major storage in Fortran. The effect of such memory layout decisions is on the s patial locality characteristics of loop nests. While data layout transformations are not constrained b y data dependences, they have no effect on temporal locality. On the other hand, loop transformations ar e not readily applicable to imperfect loop nests and are constrained by data dependences. More importantl y, loop transformations affect the memory access patterns of all the arrays accessed in a loop nest, and as a resu lt, the locality characteristics of some of the arrays may worsen. This paper presents a technique based on integer linear programming(ILP) that attempts to derive the best combination of loop and data layout transformations. Prior att emp s to unify loop and data layout transformations for programs consisting of a sequence of loop nests have been based on heuristics not only for transformations for a single loop nest but also for th e sequence in which loop nests will be considered. The ILP formulation presented here obviates the need for su ch he ristics. The key data structure we use is the memory layout graph(MLG) that allows us to formulate the problems as path problems. The paper discusses the relationship of this ILP approach based on the memory layout graphs to other work in the area including our previous work. Experimental r esults on a MIPS R10000 based system demonstrate the benefits of this approach, and show that the use of the ILP formulation does not increase the compilation time significantly. Corresponding Author: Prof. Prith Banerjee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University MG-80, Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston, IL 60208-3118 Phone: (847) 491-3641, Fax: (847) 491-4455 Email: banerjee@ece.nwu. edu CPDC, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, N orthwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. yDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Louisi ana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. zCentre Europeu de Parallelisme de Barcelona (CEPBA) Dept. d ’Arquitectura de Computadors, Univ. Politecnica de Catalu nya Jordi Girona 1-3, Modul D6, Barcelona 08034, SPAIN.
Generic and real-time detection of specular reflections in images

In this paper, we propose a generic and efficient method for real-time specular reflections detection in images. The method relies on a new thresholding technique applied in the Hue-Saturation-Value (HSV) color space. A detailed experimental study was conducted in this color space to highlight specular reflections' properties. Current state-of-the-art methods have difficulties with lighting jumps by being too specific or computationally expensive for real-time applications. Our method addresses this problem using the following three steps: an adaptation of the contrast of the image to handle lighting jumps, an automatic thresholding to isolate specular reflections and a post-processing step to further reduce the number of false detections. This method has been compared with the state-of-the-art according to our two proposed experimental protocols based on contours and gravity center and offers fast and accurate results without a priori on the image in real-time.
A Highly Efficient 0.2 THz Varactor-Less VCO with -7 dBm Output Power in 130nm SiGe

A highly efficient voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) with a new varactor-less-based frequency-tuning topology for terahertz (THz) frequencies is presented. The tuning technique is based on a variable inductance seen at the emitter node of a base degenerated transistor. Fabricated in a 130nm SiGe BiCMOS process, the VCO achieves a tuning range of 3.5% and output power of -7.25 dBm at 201.5GHz. The VCO consumes 30mW of DC power, resulting in a record-breaking power efficiency of 0.6%. To demonstrate the functionality of the tuning technique, three other VCO prototypes at different oscillation frequencies, including one operating at 222.7~229 GHz range, have been implemented.
An Investigation into Differential Torque Based Strategies for Electronic Stability Control in an In-Wheel Electric Vehicle

327 Abstract—This paper presents a differential torque based electronic stability control (ESC) for in-wheel electric vehicle (EV). To find a suitable and effective differential torque based ESC, several torque based strategies has been investigated. Analysis has been done here considering parameters used in control, control law, vehicle drive train and feasibility of implementation. After analysing several strategies of ESC for independent wheel control, suitable differential torque based ESC system architecture is presented with the simulation. A four in-wheel motors EV has been developed primarily as test bench for practical realization of this proposed differential torque based ESC and this EV can be used for further real-time tests. Simulation results show a promising possibility of implementation of this suitable differential torque based ESC in an in-wheel EV.
The revitalized tutoring center

One high-leverage strategy rooted in a strong research base — the revitalized tutoring center — provides a wealth of opportunity to students who may be otherwise underserved. This embedded, open-all-day tutoring center supports collaborative teacher teams by using peer tutors and community volunteers. By centralizing resources and providing supports during the school day, free to all students and targeted to some, the center helps schools close the opportunity gap without overburdening teachers, schedules, or budgets. One high school in Colorado that implemented the approach experienced a dramatic improvement in on-time graduation rates.
Manager : A Conversation-Centered Approach and Tool for IT Incident Management

© IT Support Conversation Manager: A Conversation-Centered Approach and Tool for IT Incident Management Hamid R. Motahari-Nezhad, Claudio Bartolini, Sven Graupner, Sharad Singhal, Susan Spence HP Laboratories HPL-2010-46 Ad-hoc Business Processes, Best Practice Process Frameworks, IT Processes, Collaboration Applications There is a push in the enterprise towards facilitating processes from best practice frameworks (such as the IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL)) to make them more repeatable, efficient and cost-effective. Best practice processes provide descriptive, high level guidelines rather than prescriptive, precise process model definitions. They are meant to be followed by people and may be adapted and enacted differently in various realizations. Currently, ITIL processes are supported by tools that hard code an interpretation of the process logic, or by people who use productivity tools. This is inefficient due to the rigidity of process logic encoded in existing tools which does not allow collaborative and flexible realizations of processes. Moreover, there is the issue of information loss when people are only using rigid productivity tools that force them to collaborate outside of tools. In this paper, we present a light-weight conversation-centered approach and a tool for dynamic and flexible definition and enactment of best practice processes in a collaborative and interactive manner. It addresses the issue of information loss by using the concept of a conversation as a container of information about the interaction among people in the context of a process. It offers a process template definition language and a semi-structured process model that supports flexible and adaptive processes. We showcase the approach using an illustrative use case based on best practice processes from ITIL, namely incident and problem management. External Posting Date: April 6, 2010 [Fulltext] Approved for External Publication Internal Posting Date: April 6, 2010 [Fulltext] Copyright 2010 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. IT Support Conversation Manager: A Conversation-Centered Approach and Tool for IT Incident Management Hamid R. Motahari-Nezhad, Claudio Bartolini, Sven Graupner, Sharad Singhal, Susan Spence Service Automation and Integration Lab Hewlett Packard Laboratories
Working Memory Capacity Across L2 Speech Proficiency Levels Capacidade de memória de trabalho através de níveis de proficiência oral em L2

This study investigates whether working memory capacity (WMC) varies across languages and in the course of L2 speech proficiency levels. Following suggestions in Finardi and Weissheimer (2009) and Prebianca (2010), who found that WMC varied as a function of L2 speech proficiency, the present study assessed three proficiency levels (elementary, intermediate and advanced) and two languages (L1-Portuguese and L2-English). Two WM tests were used, one in the L1 and another in the L2, both in the speaking mode. Sixty adult learners of English as a foreign language participated in the study: 19 elementar y, 19 intermediate and 22 advanced learners. Results of Kruskal-Wallis and Mann- Whitney tests corroborate Finardi and Weissheimer (2009) and Prebianca (2010) suggesting that WMC measured with a speaking span test in L2 seems to conflate the relationship between speech proficiency levels and WMC.
The cosmological aspects of food in the material world

There is a general tendency today to believe that all truth worth knowing is to be found in the various branches of the physical sciences. If this were so, there could be no place for a philosophy of matter, or by extension the cosmological aspects of food. In order to vindicate cosmology and its extension from the charge of futility it will be necessary to determine: what cosmology is, what it does, and to explore the cosmological aspects of food, and later to perform a similar task for science; in this way only can it be shown that there room for both a culinary philosophy, and a culinary science, including the world of food, each with its own problems and its own methods of investigation.
Please Scroll down for Article Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology Restoration of Disturbed Lands: the Hole-in-the-donut Restoration in the Everglades Restoration of Disturbed Lands: the Hole-in-the-donut Restoration in the Everglades

This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. The Hole-in-the-Donut (HID) wetland restoration project was established on former agricultural land inside Everglades National Park, where rock plowing and fertilization had altered the hy-drology, structure, depth, aeration, and nutrient content of soils. Following the cessation of farming, highly disturbed HID soils were invaded by dense, nearly monospecific stands of Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi). Initial efforts to restore Brazilian pepper-dominated areas failed, and only complete removal of the substrate down to the surface of bedrock was successful. Complete soil removal resulted in the restoration of a plant community dominated by native wetland plants. Following restoration, initially very shallow soils gradually deepened as marl accreted as due to the activities of periphyton. By 15 years postrestoration, an average of 3.7 cm of soil had developed. Initially low nitrogen concentrations increased following restoration, whereas phosphorus was converted to organic forms and diluted by the accumulation of marl. The result of these changes was a gradual switch from nitrogen limitation to phosphorus limitation, eventually mirroring the situation in adjacent undisturbed wetland sites. Complete substrate removal, as used in the HID, could be used to restore other areas of the Ever-glades degraded by nutrient enrichment.
Learning and Nicotine Interact to Increase CREB Phosphorylation at the jnk1 Promoter in the Hippocampus

Nicotine is known to enhance long-term hippocampus dependent learning and memory in both rodents and humans via its activity at nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptors (nAChRs). However, the molecular basis for the nicotinic modulation of learning is incompletely understood. Both the mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) are known to be integral to the consolidation of long-term memory and the disruption of MAPKs and CREB are known to abrogate some of the cognitive effects of nicotine. In addition, the acquisition of contextual fear conditioning in the presence of nicotine is associated with a β2-subunit containing nAChR-dependent increase in jnk1 (mapk8) transcription in the hippocampus. In the present study, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was used to examine whether learning and nicotine interact to alter transcription factor binding or histone acetylation at the jnk1 promoter region. The acquisition of contextual fear conditioning in the presence of nicotine resulted in an increase in phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) binding to the jnk1 promoter in the hippocampus in a β2-subunit containing nAChR dependent manner, but had no effect on CREB binding; neither fear conditioning alone nor nicotine administration alone altered transcription factor binding to the jnk1 promoter. In addition, there were no changes in histone H3 or H4 acetylation at the jnk1 promoter following fear conditioning in the presence of nicotine. These results suggest that contextual fear learning and nicotine administration act synergistically to produce a unique pattern of protein activation and gene transcription in the hippocampus that is not individually generated by fear conditioning or nicotine administration alone.
SMaC: spatial map caching technique for mobile devices

Applications for Location-based Services (LBS) are becoming more and more popular. However, the continuous access to the wireless internet to get map tiles from servers can significantly affect the quality of the user experience, or might be too expensive. In this paper, we present SMaC, Spatial Map Caching, a caching technique devised for storing map tiles on the secondary memory of mobile devices. Differently from classical caching techniques, such as LRU, SMaC is based on the spatial locality principle that characterizes the way maps are shown to moving users.
Growth control in cultured 3T3 fibroblasts. V. Purification of an Mr 13,000 polypeptide responsible for growth inhibitory activity

A growth regulatory factor, which reversibly inhibits DNA synthesis and proliferation of fibroblasts, has been isolated from medium conditioned by exposure to density-inhibited mouse 3T3 cells. This factor, termed FGR-s (13K), yielded a single polypeptide (Mr 13,000) when analyzed by SDS PAGE under both reducing and nonreducing conditions. The dose- response curve of growth inhibition by FGR-s (13K) showed that 50% inhibition of 3T3 cell proliferation was achieved at a concentration of approximately 3 ng/ml, corresponding to approximately 0.23 nM. The activity of FGR-s (13K) was depleted by passing the material over an affinity column containing the monoclonal antibody 2A4; this monoclonal antibody had been previously characterized to bind to the Mr 13,000 polypeptide. These results indicate that we have purified a growth regulatory factor that acts to inhibit the proliferation of cells in an autocrine pathway.
Wake up call to halt the evolving epidemic of sexual offence in India: Urgent need to find out the solutions

Violence against women is a global public health problem of epidemic proportion, requiring urgent action and India ranks 4 th in the world as per recent statistics of rapes. An increasing trend in the incidence of rape has been observed during the periods 2010 - 2014. The reported figures are only the tip of the iceberg. Only 1% of sexual violence victims in India report the crime. The victims of sexual violence experience a wide range of physical and psychological problems. The number of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) lost by women for this is comparable to diseases such as tuberculosis, HIV, cardiovascular diseases or cancer. It contributed about 5% of the total global disease burden. The causes for this problem are multifaceted, so are the solutions. Fear of punishment cannot be the sole solution, as it may lead to increased rate of murder of victim to destroy evidence. Considering the rising incidences of sexual assaults in the society an attempt is made in this article to suggest some measures which can bring down these incidences. The role of yoga, meditation and moral education in different stages of life becomes very crucial in this context. But all these are long term interventions. Hence along with these measures some urgent steps need to be taken to tackle this problem. Measures like decriminalizing/ legalizing prostitution, cuddle cafe and phone sex are being used in some countries as newer approaches to satiate the desire for sex. Keywords: Sexual assault, Rape, Prostitution, Cuddle Sex, Phone Sex
Researchers as enablers of commercialization at an entrepreneurial university

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore and visualize alternative ways – how and by whom – that academic research can come into commercial use. Design/methodology/approach This study in the Swedish context investigates one entrepreneurial university, Chalmers University of Technology. In total, 18 interviews were conducted about researchers’ views on commercialization and on how research comes into commercial use. Findings Five propositions are advocated in relation to researchers’ role as enablers of others’ commercialization. The concept of “need for utilization” is introduced as the critical explanation for researchers’ readiness to transfer knowledge mainly via alumni to established companies. Practical implications This study suggests that both universities and policy should acknowledge alternative ways of commercialization of academic research instead of putting all efforts on trying to transform unwilling academic researchers into entrepreneurs. One alternative is to foster ongoing contacts between researchers and alumni, who make commercial use of academic research in established firms. Originality/value This study furthers the knowledge about researchers’ individual motivation for commercialization, as driven by a “need for utilization. ” By showing how researchers enable others commercialization, this study broadens the prevailing focus on researchers’ formation of university spin-offs as the essential output from entrepreneurial universities. The results also contribute to understanding the role of alumni in knowledge transfer to existing industry.
Distributed simulation of polychronous and plastic spiking neural networks: strong and weak scaling of a representative mini-application benchmark executed on a small-scale commodity cluster

We introduce a natively distributed mini-application benchmark representative of plastic spiking neural network simulators. It can be used to measure performances of existing computing platforms and to drive the development of future parallel/distributed computing systems dedicated to the simulation of plastic spiking networks. The mini-application is designed to generate spiking behaviors and synaptic connectivity that do not change when the number of hardware processing nodes is varied, simplifying the quantitative study of scalability on commodity and custom architectures. Here, we present the strong and weak scaling and the profiling of the computational/communication components of the DPSNN-STDP benchmark (Distributed Simulation of Polychronous Spiking Neural Network with synaptic Spike-Timing Dependent Plasticity). In this first test, we used the benchmark to exercise a small-scale cluster of commodity processors (varying the number of used physical cores from 1 to 128). The cluster was interconnected through a commodity network. Bidimensional grids of columns composed of Izhikevich neurons projected synapses locally and toward first, second and third neighboring columns. The size of the simulated network varied from 6.6 Giga synapses down to 200 K synapses. The code demonstrated to be fast and scalable: 10 wall clock seconds were required to simulate one second of activity and plasticity (per Hertz of average firing rate) of a network composed by 3.2 G synapses running on 128 hardware cores clocked @ 2.4 GHz. The mini-application has been designed to be easily interfaced with standard and custom software and hardware communication interfaces. It has been designed from its foundation to be natively distributed and parallel, and should not pose major obstacles against distribution and parallelization on several platforms.