Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the diffuse-domain method for solving PDEs in complex geometries

In recent work, Li et al.\ (Comm.\ Math.\ Sci., 7:81-107, 2009) developed a diffuse-domain method (DDM) for solving partial differential equations in complex, dynamic geometries with Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions. The diffuse-domain method uses an implicit representation of the geometry where the sharp boundary is replaced by a diffuse layer with thickness $\epsilon$ that is typically proportional to the minimum grid size. The original equations are reformulated on a larger regular domain and the boundary conditions are incorporated via singular source terms. The resulting equations can be solved with standard finite difference and finite element software packages. Here, we present a matched asymptotic analysis of general diffuse-domain methods for Neumann and Robin boundary conditions. Our analysis shows that for certain choices of the boundary condition approximations, the DDM is second-order accurate in $\epsilon$. However, for other choices the DDM is only first-order accurate. This helps to explain why the choice of boundary-condition approximation is important for rapid global convergence and high accuracy. Our analysis also suggests correction terms that may be added to yield more accurate diffuse-domain methods. Simple modifications of first-order boundary condition approximations are proposed to achieve asymptotically second-order accurate schemes. Our analytic results are confirmed numerically in the $L^2$ and $L^\infty$ norms for selected test problems.
$r$-Tuple Error Functions and Indefinite Theta Series of Higher-Depth

Theta functions for definite signature lattices constitute a rich source of modular forms. A natural question is then their generalization to indefinite signature lattices. One way to ensure a convergent theta series while keeping the holomorphicity property of definite signature theta series is to restrict the sum over lattice points to a proper subset. Although such series do not have the modular properties that a definite signature theta function has, as shown by Zwegers for signature $(1,n-1)$ lattices, they can be completed to a function that has these modular properties by compromising on the holomorphicity property in a certain way. This construction has recently been generalized to signature $(2,n-2)$ lattices by Alexandrov, Banerjee, Manschot, and Pioline. A crucial ingredient in this work is the notion of double error functions which naturally lends itself to generalizations to higher dimensions. In this work we study the properties of such higher dimensional error functions which we will call $r$-tuple error functions. We then construct an indefinite theta series for signature $(r,n-r)$ lattices and show they can be completed to modular forms by using these $r$-tuple error functions.
16-20 MJup Radial Velocity Companion Orbiting the Brown Dwarf Candidate Cha Hα 8

We report the discovery of a 16-20 MJup radial velocity companion around the very young (~3 Myr) brown dwarf candidate Cha Hα 8 (M5.75-M6.5). Based on high-resolution echelle spectra of Cha Hα 8 taken between 2000 and 2007 with UVES at the VLT, a companion was detected through RV variability with a semiamplitude of 1.6 km s-1. A Kepler fit to the data yields an orbital period of the companion of 1590 days and an eccentricity of e = 0.49. A companion minimum mass M2 sin i between 16 and 20 MJup is derived when using model-dependent mass estimates for the primary. The mass ratio q ≡ M2/M1 might be as small as 0.2 and, with a probability of 87%, it is less than 0.4. Cha Hα 8 harbors most certainly the lowest mass companion detected so far in a close (~1 AU) orbit around a brown dwarf or very low mass star. From the uncertainty in the orbit solution, it cannot completely be ruled out that the companion has a mass in the planetary regime. Its discovery is in any case an important step toward RV planet detections around brown dwarfs. Further, Cha Hα 8 is the fourth known spectroscopic brown dwarf or very low mass binary system with an RV orbital solution and the second known very young one.
The phase transitions of the planar random-cluster and Potts models with q larger than 1 are sharp

We prove that random-cluster models with q larger than 1 on a variety of planar lattices have a sharp phase transition, that is that there exists some parameter p_c below which the model exhibits exponential decay and above which there exists a.s. an infinite cluster. The result may be extended to the Potts model via the Edwards-Sokal coupling. Our method is based on sharp threshold techniques and certain symmetries of the lattice; in particular it makes no use of self-duality. Part of the argument is not restricted to planar models and may be of some interest for the understanding of random-cluster and Potts models in higher dimensions. Due to its nature, this strategy could be useful in studying other planar models satisfying the FKG lattice condition and some additional differential inequalities.
Brightness Temperature Analysis in the Miniaturization of Pyramidal Calibration Targets for Sub-Millimeter Wave Radiometers

In this work, the authors investigate the calibration target design for sub-millimeter wave radiometer applications, with specific focus on further improving the brightness temperature radiation accuracy during the miniaturization. The investigation is based on latest design of curved inner kernel for the frequently utilized periodic coated pyramidal target. The numerical study combines the electromagnetic and thermal analysis; then, the overall brightness temperature performance can be investigated. Within the typical frequency range of 50–500 GHz, results show that the target miniaturization can lead to clearly improved brightness temperature radiation accuracy, however, only in case the correct design strategy is applied. The key is that the coating thickness should be proportionally reduced during the miniaturization, so that the temperature gradient at the tips can be notably relieved. On the contrary, keeping the coating thickness unchanged will result in a notable degradation of brightness temperature accuracy. The investigation also includes the important aspect of coating material, for comprehensively referencing for sub-millimeter wave radiometer applications.
Characterization of Imaging System for Satellite-Borne Polarization Camera Based on Scientific Grade CCD

The cloud and aerosol polarization camera (CAPC) is an ultrawide angle satellite-borne polarization sensor, which adopts a scientific-grade array charge-coupled device (CCD) with the feature of smearing effect. To realize shorter exposure time and increase the dynamic range for the CCD imaging box of CAPC, the idea of charge dumping is introduced into the CCD timing driving design. Then, the design of power supply, driving timing, and analog front-end (AFE) is studied in detail. Finally, the comprehensive performance of the CCD imaging box is compared by utilizing the large aperture integrating sphere light source. The measurement results indicate that the exposure time of CCD is controlled between 5 and 80 ms, and the linearity error of CAPC at various bands is lower than 0.5%. Under the condition of 90% saturation exposure, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of CAPC is 52.63 dB. The CCD dynamic range can achieve 62.91 dB. The experimental results meet the working requirements of the CAPC and verify the effectiveness of the CCD imaging design.
Inverse scattering theory and trace formulae for one-dimensional Schrödinger problems with singular potentials

Inverse scattering theory is extended to one-dimensional Schrödinger problems with near-boundary singularities of the form v ( z → 0 ) ≃ − z − 2 / 4 + v − 1 z − 1 ? > . Trace formulae relating the boundary value v0 of the nonsingular part of the potential to spectral data are derived. Their potential is illustrated by applying them to a number of Schrödinger problems with singular potentials.
A note on higher extremal metrics

In this paper we introduce higher extremal Kahler metrics. We provide an example of the same on a minimal ruled surface. We also prove a perturbation result that implies that there are non-trivial examples of higher constant scalar curvature metrics, which are basically metrics where the top Chern form is harmonic. We also give a relatively short proof of a formula due to Liu for the Bando-Futaki invariants (which are obstructions for the existence of harmonic Chern forms) of hypersurfaces in projective space.
Comprehensive Phenotyping in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Search for Biomarker Algorithms in the Transkingdom Interactions Context

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the most common form of intestinal inflammation associated with a dysregulated immune system response to the commensal microbiota in a genetically susceptible host. IBD includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), both of which are remarkably heterogeneous in their clinical presentation and response to treatment. This translates into a notable diagnostic challenge, especially in underdeveloped countries where IBD is on the rise and access to diagnosis or treatment is not always accessible for chronic diseases. The present work characterized, for the first time in our region, epigenetic biomarkers and gut microbial profiles associated with UC and CD patients in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan area and revealed differences between non-IBD controls and IBD patients. General metabolic functions associated with the gut microbiota, as well as core microorganisms within groups, were also analyzed. Additionally, the gut microbiota analysis was integrated with relevant clinical, biochemical and epigenetic markers considered in the follow-up of patients with IBD, with the aim of generating more powerful diagnostic tools to discriminate phenotypes. Overall, our study provides new insights into data analysis algorithms to promote comprehensive phenotyping tools using quantitative and qualitative analysis in a transkingdom interactions network context.
Aquatic Macrophytes Shape the Foraging Efficiency, Trophic Niche Breadth, and Overlap among Small Fish in a Neotropical River

Aquatic macrophytes are generally recognized to influence fish–prey interactions. We assessed how fish consume particular foods, and how their foraging efficiency, trophic niche breadth, and niche overlap respond to gradients of macrophyte density and diversity. We sampled fish and macrophytes in 30 stands distributed over a 13.7 km stretch of the littoral zone of a river in Brazil. By generating generalized linear models, we showed that increasing macrophyte density (from 366 to 7066 g DW m−3) favored herbivory and fish foraging efficiency. Beta regressions showed that fish reduced their trophic niche breadth along the gradient of macrophyte density, while niche overlap increased until a certain extent of plant density when species started to segregate the niche more strongly. However, niche breadth responses varied according to the trophic guild considered, with omnivorous and herbivorous fish generally showing opposite responses. Macrophyte diversity was important for the preferred food items of the fish, with stomach contents shifting from higher plants, algae, and detritus to insects with increasing macrophyte diversity. Therefore, in addition to the presumable effects of macrophyte density on resource availability and prey encounter rates, our findings highlight the importance of maintaining diverse macrophyte stands for the conservation of fish diversity.
A symplectic Brezis–Ekeland–Nayroles principle

We propose a modification of the Hamiltonian formalism which can be used for dissipative systems. This work continues a previous work on Hamiltonian inclusions and advances by the introduction of a symplectic version of the Brezis–Ekeland–Nayroles principle. As an application we show how standard plasticity can be treated in our formalism.
Strategi Adaptasi Penerapan Program MBKM yang Kolaboratif dan Partisipatif

Freedom to Learn and Independent Campus (Merdeka Belajar- Kampus Merdeka or MBKM) was established by Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) in 2020, creating challenges for Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). HEIs needs adaptation strategies to set up and implement the program. This article aims to discuss the adaptation strategies to be consider by HEIs in order to implement participative and collaborative learning for the new curriculum framework, especially in design-based study program for architecture major. Data collection method was done by survey, distributed questionnaires, interviewing the curriculum executant, and literature study. Data analysis was carried out using quantitative distributive method for questionnaires and qualitative textual analysis for interview data. As the result, there are five adaptation strategies found. They are (1) identifying similar program that already been conducted, (2) giving students freedom to choose by providing variation of program, (3) constructing a set of devices to perform the new curriculum, (4) integrating program funding with funder, and (5) starting simple activitties.
Maintaining Links in the Highly Dynamic FANET Using Deep Reinforcement Learning

Routing protocols do not respond quickly to environmental changes due to the high mobility of nodes in the Flying Ad Hoc Network (FANET), to obtain reliable transmission links. This paper proposes an adaptive link maintenance method based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL-MLsA), which can dynamically adjust the time interval of broadcasting Hello packets. This method can cope with the highly dynamic network environment, and adapt to both active routing and table-driven routing protocols. The method considers the channel model of the signal and investigates the impact of UAV communication range on link maintenance. We can get an agent by perceiving the degree of changes in the number of neighbors in a dynamic environment. The optimal broadcast cycle was obtained to maximize the energy of the node to send and receive task data. We substituted the single-output network model with a competitive network to overcome the reward overestimation problem, which also improves the convergence speed of the algorithm. Simulation results showed that DRL-MLsA can reduce the communication overhead for link maintenance, while at the same time increase the throughput of the network and decrease the packet loss of transmission.
Angles between Curves in Metric Measure Spaces

Abstract The goal of the paper is to study the angle between two curves in the framework of metric (and metric measure) spaces. More precisely, we give a new notion of angle between two curves in a metric space. Such a notion has a natural interplay with optimal transportation and is particularly well suited for metric measure spaces satisfying the curvature-dimension condition. Indeed one of the main results is the validity of the cosine formula on RCD*(K, N) metric measure spaces. As a consequence, the new introduced notions are compatible with the corresponding classical ones for Riemannian manifolds, Ricci limit spaces and Alexandrov spaces.
Polarization effect on dressed plasmonic waveguides

We present the polarization effect on surface plasmonic polariton (SPP) modes in plasmonic waveguides under high-intensity radiation via the Floquet engineering methods. First, we analyze the strong light coupling to the metallic system using a nonperturbative procedure. Then, we describe the behavior of dressed metal fermion system using the Floquet state solutions. Furthermore, we examine the impurity scattering effects on electron transport in disordered plasmonic metals using the generalized Floquet-Fermi golden rule. We also show that we can reduce the SPP propagation losses in plasmonic metals by applying a dressing field. We introduce a new figure of merit to compare the performance of popular plasmonic metals, assessing their performance enhancements under two different polarization types of dressing fields. Our study can be applied to accurately interpret the usage of strong external radiation as a tool in quantum plasmonic circuits and devices.
AMS: Adaptive Multiget Scheduling Algorithm for Distributed Key-Value Stores

Distributed key-value stores provide the Multiget API, where many key-value operations are batched together, to meet the parallel requirement of applications. Correspondingly, reducing the latency of Multigets is crucial for the responsiveness of the distributed key-value stores. The latency of a Multiget depends on both which replica server its key-value operations are scheduled to, i.e., the replica selection for each key-value operation, and when these key-value operations are served, i.e., the scheduling of the service sequence at different replica servers. Existing solutions solely focus on either one of them and accordingly lead to suboptimal latency for Multigets. To address these issues, this article proposes an Adaptive Multiget Scheduling (AMS) algorithm in this article, and specifically, our AMS re-architectures the framework to remove the conflict between replica selection and service sequence scheduling in the existing solution Rein. Based on the new framework, a sophisticated replica selection method is designed. Furthermore, AMS guides both replica selection and service sequence scheduling by the piggybacked information of replica servers, being adaptive to the heterogeneous time-varying server performance. Consequently, AMS can respectively reduce the median, 95th, and 99th percentile latencies of Multigets by a factor of 4, 3.1, and 1.86 compared to the default FIFO algorithm and significantly outperforms Rein.
Anchoring of Nanocomposites Based on Novel Metal Nanocomplexes/Nanocarbonaceous Surfaces and Assessing Their In Vivo Anticancer Effects on Ehrlich Ascites Tumor

Nanotechnology is the study of materials’ unique properties at the nanoscale. Nanomedicine is the application of nanotechnology in medicine, which has been utilized to treat some common diseases, such as cancer. The aim of the present work is to synthesize the cadmium (Cd) nanocomplex using paracetamol as a ligand with a molar ratio of 1:2 M/L that was characterized by different physicochemical methods and to explore the effect of the synthesized Cd nanocomplex on the immune system and the redox status of the body and their anticancer effects on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) induced in mice. Eighty female albino mice were separated into Group I: control; Group II: EAC; Group III: EAC treated with a low-dose Cd nanocomplex; and Group IV: EAC treated with a high-dose Cd nanocomplex. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), and 8-hydroxy 2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Peroxynitrite level and glutathione peroxidase activity were assessed by spectrophotometry. NRF2 mRNA expression, cadmium content, and liver and renal toxicity were estimated. Results: There was a significant increase in IL-6, NLRP3, 8-OHdG, peroxynitrite, and NRF2 mRNA expressions and in the glutathione peroxidase activity in EAC treated with low- and high-dose Cd nanocomplexes. However, the EAC treated with high-dose Cd nanocomplex group showed significant liver and renal toxicity. Conclusion: Cadmium nanocomplex has anticancer effects on EAC induced in mice via its effects on the immune system and redox status as well as pyroptosis and epigenetic instability of the body, while high doses of Cd nanocomplex can cause liver and renal toxicity.
Interventions Designed to Improve Adherence to Growth Hormone Treatment for Pediatric Patients and Their Families: A Narrative Review

Even though growth hormone (GH) treatment is still the only active treatment option to correct growth failure and increase stature for patients with GH deficiencies, evidence has shown that non-adherence remains high. The aim of this review was to identify and review the existing interventional strategies that have been designed to address and improve adherence to GH treatment for pediatric patients and their families. An extensive search of several electronic databases was undertaken to identify relevant interventional studies, published in English, between 1985 and 2021. Additional search strategies included hand-searching topic review articles to identify eligible studies. Articles were screened against the inclusion eligibility criteria and data on sample characteristics, intervention features, and key findings was extracted. A total of fifteen interventional studies were included in the review. The interventions identified were divided into two broad categories: novel injection devices, and patient choice of device. In conclusions, this review acknowledges that there is a lack of evidence-based, theory-driven intervention strategies, designed with the purpose of optimizing treatment adherence and improve clinical and psychosocial outcomes.
On the crystalline cohomology of Deligne-Lusztig varieties

Let X → Y 0 be an abelian prime-to-p Galois covering of smooth schemes over a perfect field k of characteristic p > 0. Let Y be a smooth compactification of Y 0 such that Y − Y 0 is a normal crossings divisor on Y . We describe a logarithmic F -crystal on Y whose rational crystalline cohomology is the rigid cohomology of X , in particular provides a natural W [F ]lattice inside the latter; here W is the Witt vector ring of k. If a finite group G acts compatibly on X , Y 0 and Y then our construction is G-equivariant. As an example we apply it to Deligne-Lusztig varieties. For a finite field k, if G is a connected reductive algebraic group defined over k and L a k-rational torus satisfying a certain standard condition, we obtain a meaningful equivariant W [F ]-lattice in the cohomology (l-adic or rigid) of the corresponding Deligne-Lusztig variety and an expression of its reduction modulo p in terms of equivariant Hodge cohomology groups.
On arithmetic general theorems for polarized varieties.

We apply Schmidt's Subspace Theorem to establish two Arithmetic General Theorems. For example, we establish an Arithmetic General Theorem for projective varieties over number and function fields. That result extends a recent analogous result of Ru-Vojta. One aspect to its proof makes use of a filtration construction which is due to Autisser-Levin-Ru-Vojta. Further, we consider recent work of Ru-Wang which pertains to an extension of Roth's theorem for projective varieties in the sense of McKinnon-Roth. Motivated by these works, we establish a form of Roth's theorem for exceptional divisors.
Electric-Magnetic Duality of Topological Gauge Theories from Compactification

In this note, we discuss electric-magnetic duality between a pair of 4d topological field theories (TQFTs) by considering their compactifications to 2 dimensions. These TQFTs control the long-distance behavior of loop and surface operators in 4d gauge theories with gapped phases. These were recently used in work by S. Gukov and A. Kapustin in detecting phases not distinguishable by the Wilson-'t Hooft criterion and by A. Kapustin and the author to construct discrete theta-angles for lattice Yang-Mills theories. The strong-weak duality is manifested in an exchange of dynamical and background degrees of freedom in the compactified TQFTs.