Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of vehicle detection methods with OpenCL programming on multi-core systems

Vehicle detection methods are playing an important role for driver assistance systems. Developing a high accuracy and efficiency vehicle detection system thus becomes crucial. One of the popular approaches is the scanning method which is based on the sliding window search for locating the vehicles from the input images. Such method provides a high detection rate with a time consuming process that identifies the vehicle from each sliding window. The searching time can be unacceptable as the searching space grows. This raises an optimization opportunity to exploit modern heterogeneous multicore system to accelerate the vehicle detection process. In this paper, we present a case study to accelerate a sliding-window based vehicle detection algorithm on a heterogeneous multicore systems using OpenCL designs. Unlike transitional detection algorithm, we integrate width model into our vehicle detection method to reduce search space. We give a detail execution profiling on each component of original vehicle detection algorithm and explore the potential parallelism. The experiment is based on a heterogeneous multicore platform that includes an Intel i5-2400 processor and a AMD HD6670 GPU. Also an Open64-based OpenCL compiler is employed to compile the cl code for the GPU. Significant performance speed-up is achieved with our parallelization and optimization, the maximum speed-up for the vehicle detection kernel and whole application is 17.1 and 16.7 respectively.
Gone for Good? Subsidies with Export Share Requirements in China: 2002-2013

This paper presents a simple model of subsidies with export share requirements (ESR) in a heterogeneous firm environment. A two-country general equilibrium version of the model with a single 100% ESR is calibrated using firm-level data from the 2002 wave of the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey collected by the World Bank for China. The calibrated model is used to gauge the change in subsidies with ESR that is consistent with the fall in the share of ‘pure exporters’, firms exporting all their output, observed in China, from 25.7% in 2002 to 11.1% in 2013. Our results indicate that a 6.9% reduction in the ad-valorem subsidy rate available to firms that export all their output is consistent with the observed fall in their share of exporting firms. Expenditure in subsidies (as a share of value-added) falls by 66% and welfare in China increases by 1.76% while real income in the rest of the world falls by 0.59%.
Control of an Interior Permanent-Magnet Screw Motor With Power-Saving Axial-Gap Displacement Adjustment

This paper proposes position and force control of a screw motor with power-saving axial-gap displacement adjustment. The motor has a helical-shape mover, which moves in a helical-shape stator without contact. Due to the fabrication process, the actual helical shapes of the mover and the stator are not completely uniform, and the air-gap length between the mover and the stator slightly changes, depending on the mover rotation angle. The d-axis current remains a finite value, and copper loss arises even when the mover is located at the center between the stator cores. A power-saving axial-gap displacement adjustment method is proposed to solve this problem. The proposed control is experimentally verified.
Structural MRI Differences between Patients with and without First Rank Symptoms: A Delusion?

Objective It has been suggested that specific psychotic symptom clusters may be explained by patterns of biological abnormalities. The presence of first rank symptoms (FRS) has been associated with cognitive abnormalities, e.g., deficits in self-monitoring or in the experience of agency, suggesting that a specific network of neural abnormalities might underlie FRS. Here, we investigate differences in cortical and subcortical brain volume between patients with and without FRS. Methods Three independent patient samples (referred to as A, B, and C) with different mean ages and in different illness stages were included, leading to a total of 348 patients within the schizophrenia-spectrum. All underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. In addition, the presence of FRS was established using a diagnostic interview. Patients with (FRS+, A: n = 63, B: n = 129, and C: n = 96) and without FRS (FRS−, A: n = 35, B: n = 17, and C: n = 8) were compared on global and local cortical volumes as well as subcortical volumes, using a whole brain (cerebrum) approach. Results Nucleus accumbens volume was significantly smaller in FRS+ as compared with FRS− in sample A (p < 0.005). Furthermore, FRS+ showed a smaller volume of the pars-opercularis relative to FRS− in sample B (p < 0.001). No further significant differences were found in cortical and subcortical volumes between FRS+ and FRS− in either one of the three samples after correction for multiple comparison. Conclusion Brain volume differences between patients with and without FRS are, when present, subtle, and not consistent between three independent samples. Brain abnormalities related to FRS may be too subtle to become visible through structural brain imaging.
The structure of consumer energy demand in Australia: an application of a dynamic almost ideal demand system

By parameterising the Almost Ideal (AI) demand system as a vector error correction model (VECM), this paper estimates the structure of consumer energy demand in Australia. To this end, domestic per person expenditure on energy is divided into the expenditure on electricity, gas and a miscellaneous category, residual fuels. To close the system, non-energy household consumption expenditure is introduced, resulting in a four-equation share system, which is estimated using national-level quarterly data. The demand for electricity and gas is price and income inelastic whereas that of other fuels is highly price elastic. Significant substitution possibilities are found between electricity and other fuels and between gas and other fuels. However, electricity and gas – which, together, account for more than 90 per cent of household fuel expenditure – are estimated to be complementary fuels.
Digital Image Stabilization Based on Log-Polar Transform

In this paper we present a novel log-polar transform based digital image stabilization algorithm to estimate large global transformations among consecutive frames. In our proposed algorithm, multi- resolution log-polar transform techniques in spatial domain are introduced as an initial motion estimation module to estimate arbitrary rotations, arbitrary translations and moderate scale changes. Then, a gradient-based nonlinear least squares optimization module is used to achieve sub-pixel accuracy. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can stabilize 15 frames per second in 320 X 240 image sequences with large interframe motions on a 3.0-GHZ Pentium 4 machine.
A large polymorphic repeat in the pericentromeric region of human chromosome 15q contains three partial gene duplications.

We report the identification of a partial duplication of GABRA5 , a gene within the imprinted 15q11-q13 region. The duplicated locus maps to the pericentromeric region of 15q, proximal to the large deletions associated with Angelman and Prader-Willi syndromes. We also observed variation in the number of copies of this locus in different individuals, indicating that the duplication is part of a variable repeat. Investigation of the duplication in individuals with a normal karyotype revealed between one and four copies of the repeat on each chromosome 15, whereas from eight to 20 copies were found in individuals possessing a cytogenetically detectable elongation of the 15q region. The variable region is roughly 1 Mb in size and contains two other non-processed duplications, the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) D segment gene and the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) gene. One unit of the pericentromeric repeat is thus composed of duplications of genes from different chromosomal regions. Moreover, we have found replication asynchrony across the GABRA5 duplication, suggesting for the first time that the imprinted part of chromosome 15q extends proximal of the region commonly deleted in Angelman and Prader-Willi syndromes.
Trusting others in organizations: leaders, management and co-workers

Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this volume focuses on the trust processes between people within organizations, with an emphasis on empirical studies. Rational foundations and psychological motivations for trust are taken into account through conceptual and empirical chapters. The authors begin by summarizing a number of key elements from the literature including how trust develops in time, and how its development is affected by social-psychological phenomena. This includes the notion of ‘framing': the interpretive context in which actions are perceived and evaluated. A conceptual framework is then used to analyse trust and power in the internal relationships of the organization. The contributors take up this issue in an evolutionary analysis of competition between trust and cheating.
Using NVivo as a research management tool : a case narrative

This paper presents an illustrative demonstration of the qualitative data analysis tool NVivo (version 2.0), as employed across a multi-method research design as a comprehensive tool in support of overall research management. The paper will be of interest to (a) novice researchers, as a reference in their research design efforts; (b) academics, involved in research training, where this narrative can be used as a rich teaching case and; potentially to (c) vendors, of similar software tools, who may identify potential new tool applications and valuable tool enhancements.
The Euro Crisis and Its Aftermath

The euro's life, while only slightly more than a decade long, has been riddled by a series of challenges and crises. The disparity between the prosperous Northern countries of Germany and France and the plummeting Southern countries, including Italy and Greece, has exacerbated problems within the political and economic union of the Eurozone. The North, especially Germany, has debated where to draw the line between doing whatever is necessary to save the common currency and what they have viewed as a charity bailout of countries who flouted the rules for a decade and suffered predictable consequences. Meanwhile, Southern countries such as Italy, Spain, and Greece have grown increasingly bitter at the patronizing attitudes of their partners to the North. Amidst loud and frequent debates, solutions including routes for increased integration and punitive policies and reforms have been enacted and discarded to a limited degree of success. The struggles facing this monetary union continue to develop even today. The Euro Crisis and Its Aftermath was written to inform readers about the history of this enduring European crisis and the alternative proposals for ending it. In four parts, Jean Pisani-Ferry explains the origins of the European currency, the build-up of imbalances and oversights that led to the crisis, the choices European policymakers have both addressed and ignored since 2010, and the evolution of the policy agenda and possible options for the future. The book is as much of an informative and analytical history as it is a prescriptive solution for a more prosperous future world economy. Rather than putting forth and supporting a thesis, Pisani-Ferry helps readers understand the past and present of the euro crisis and form their own opinions about potential solutions. Available in OSO: http://www.oxfordscholarship. com/oso/public/content/economicsfinance/9780199993338/toc.html
A robust, simple and reliable measure of heart rate variability using relative RR intervals

Background: Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a physiological marker of the autonomic activity of the heart. For patients with cardiological diseases it has been used for risk stratification and health prediction. Other applications extend from psychology to sports science. However, in case of heart rate changes many standard measures are unreliable. Methods: A new geometric measure for HRV is introduced. It is based on relative RR intervals, the difference of consecutive RR intervals weighted by their mean. Results: The proposed measure is simple, robust and reasonable for computing HRV. It can be applied even to short RR sequences with artifacts and missing values.
2.45GHz-band Reader Antenna Based on High-Impedance Surface

2.45GHz band is one of the frequency bands which are commonly used in RFID. In order to achieve an antenna with good performance in this band, based on improving the aperture-coupled-feed antenna structure, we introduce a high-impedance surface of microwave photonic crystal structure in antenna design. By novel structure and effective design idea, the antenna can maintain a high gain and has a better stability in a wider band. The size of the antenna will be reduced at the same time, so that the overall performance of the antenna will be more perfect. The experiment results show that the 2.45GHz-band reader antenna based on high-impedance surface proposed in this paper has good performance, and the novel structure and effective design ideas of the antenna have practical significance for the reader antenna design.
Research on the significance of Six-Sigma’s implementation in Logistics Corporation

The business management is complicated. The management and the quality are forever in variable truth. Under the background of the economical globalization, a brand-new management pattern implements in the American Motorola and the GF which has got the quick and effective results. This management has gradually aroused various enterprisespsila high interest in the Europe and America, and this management is Six-Sigma pattern. Six-Sigma is a strict strong and effective management method which can improve enterprise flow quality and implement principles. Six-Sigma has contained the multitudinous front cutting edge achievement of management. Six-Sigma comes to achieve the remarkable promotion of financial result and the significant breakthrough of enterprise competitive power by reducing, to large extent, the quality cost in terms of the perfect commercial pursue. This article shows the Six-Sigma quality processpsilas operation pattern, and the differences between Six-Sigma quality process and the traditional management method. This article will reveal the application prospect of Six-Sigma management in Chinese logistics enterprises by using abundant cases and detail data.
Effects of ex vivo platelet supplementation on platelet aggregability in blood samples from patients treated with acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel, or ticagrelor.

BACKGROUND Transfusion of platelet concentrate is often used to treat bleeding in patients on platelet inhibitors, but little is known about its efficacy between different inhibitors. We assessed the effect of ex vivo platelet supplementation on platelet aggregability in blood samples from patients treated with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), clopidogrel, or ticagrelor. METHODS Platelet aggregability was investigated with multiple electrode aggregometry with adenosine diphosphate (ADP), arachidonic acid (to assess ASA-dependent aggregability), and thrombin receptor activating peptide-6 (TRAP) as activators in whole-blood samples from patients treated with ASA (n=10), ASA+clopidogrel (n=15), or ASA+ticagrelor (n=15), and from healthy controls (n=10). Aggregability was measured before and after supplementation of AB0-compatible fresh apheresis platelets (+46, +92, and +138×10(9) litre(-1)). RESULTS Both ASA-dependent and ADP-dependent aggregability improved in a dose-dependent fashion after platelet supplementation. ASA-dependent aggregability was completely restored in all patient groups, but there was only a small improvement in ADP-dependent aggregability in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy. There was less effect of platelet supplementation on ADP- and ASA-dependent aggregability in ticagrelor-treated patients than in clopidogrel-treated patients [3.9 (95% confidence interval 1.6-6.3) vs 9.0 (5.2-12.8) AU×min (P=0.021) and 48 (36-59) vs 69 (60-78) AU×min (P=0.004), respectively, at the highest platelet dose]. CONCLUSIONS Platelet supplementation improved platelet aggregability independently of antiplatelet therapy. The effect on ADP-dependent platelet inhibition was limited however. Reduced effect of platelet transfusion is more likely within 2 h of drug intake in patients treated with ASA+ticagrelor compared with ASA+clopidogrel.
Postcommunism and Social Movements

Social movements in the postcommunist world are generally believed to be underdeveloped and weak. Given that various social movements and their organizations form a standard group of collective political actors in the established democracies nowadays, one might even wonder whether the extant regimes in postcommunist East Central Europe can at all claim to be real democracies. In terms of political mobilization, they seem to be miles away from the Western social movement societies, defined by the presence of capable, institutionalized, and professionalized activist organizations (Meyer & Tarrow 1998). Going beyond the East/West dichotomy, this entry presents a more complex picture of postcommunist social movement activism. Keywords: communism; democracy; movements; Eastern Europe
J ul 2 00 8 Relativistic Spin Precession in the Double Pulsar

Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada Jodrell Bank Observatory, University of Manchester, Manch ester, M13 9PL, UK Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morganto wn, WV 26506, USA National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Green Bank, WV 24944 , USA Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, V A 22903, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada LPCE / CNRS, F-45071 Orleans cedex 2, France Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, N ew York, NY 10027, USA INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Poggio dei Pin i, 09012 Capoterra, Italy
Question Recommendation Mechanism under Q&A Community based onLDA Model

Aiming at the questions not answered timely under Q&A community, a kind of questions recommendation method based on LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) topic model is proposed, which fully utilizes personalized informa- tion of users under Q&A community. The interests distributions of users are expressed through using LDA model and ac- cording to the interests distributions of users, questions recommendation lists are calculated out at last. The proposed method can recommend the unsolved problems to users who are interested in these questions, which makes these ques- tions be solved out as soon as possible, and promotes information dissemination and knowledge sharing under Q&A community. Experimental results show that the proposed questions recommendation method based on LDA not only dis- coveries the unsolved questions quickly, but also recommends the most suitable answers to users compared with PLSA, KL-divergence and Cosine similarity.
Computerized tomography evaluation of a resorbable implant after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

OBJECT Synthetic bioabsorbable implants have recently been introduced in spinal surgery; consequently, the indications, applications, and results are still evolving. The authors used absorbable interbody spacers (Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Memphis, TN) packed with recombinant bone morphogenetic protein (Infuse; Medtronic Sofamor Danek) for single- and multiple-level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) procedures over a period of 18 months. This is a consecutive case series in which postoperative computerized tomography (CT) scanning was used to assess fusion status. METHODS There were 22 patients (17 men, five women; 39 fusion levels) whose mean age was 41.6 years (range 23-70 years) and in whom the mean follow-up duration was 12.4 months (range 6-18 months). Bridging bone was noted as early as the 3-month postoperative CT scan when obtained; solid arthrodesis was routinely noted between 6 and 12 months in 38 (97.4%) of 39 fusion levels. In patients who underwent repeated CT scanning, the fusion mass appeared to increase with time, whereas the disc space height remained stable. Although the results are early (mean 12-month follow-up duration), there was only one noted asymptomatic delayed union/nonunion at L5-S1 in a two-level TLIF with associated screw breakage. There were no infections or complications related to the cages. CONCLUSIONS The bioabsorbable cages appear to be a viable alternative to metal interbody spacers, and may be ideally suited to spinal interbody applications because of their progressive load-bearing properties.
Regionalism and Urban Development Planning in Africa: Towards A Collaborative Framework for Decentralized Planning in Ghana

The development planning and management of cities have evolved in theory and practice. Decentralized planning and regionalism are among such evolved concepts. With Ghanaian cities rapidly urbanizing, the transcendence nature of urbanization challenges continues to tests the responsiveness of the nation’s decentralized planning system-after its implementation more than two decades ago. Key among such tests is how the decentralized planning system can effectively promote collaborative planning among contiguous urbanizing local planning jurisdictions. This demands not only the regional coordination of development plans but also responsive “regionalism” among neighboring local planning and/or government authorities for them to; identify common development challenges, the impacts of their individual planning decisions on each other, and how to collaborate to mitigate the impacts of their decisions on each other. After examining the decentralized planning drawbacks and the Ghana’s urbanization challenges, this paper ends with a framework for effective regional planning collaboration among neighboring urbanizing local government areas. Keywords: Urbanization, Centralized and Decentralized Planning, Regionalism, Regional Planning, Collaborative Planning
Error Diagnosis of Chinese Sentences Using Inductive Learning Algorithm and Decomposition-Based Testing Mechanism

This study presents a novel approach to error diagnosis of Chinese sentences for Chinese as second language (CSL) learners. A penalized probabilistic First-Order Inductive Learning (pFOIL) algorithm is presented for error diagnosis of Chinese sentences. The pFOIL algorithm integrates inductive logic programming (ILP), First-Order Inductive Learning (FOIL), and a penalized log-likelihood function for error diagnosis. This algorithm considers the uncertain, imperfect, and conflicting characteristics of Chinese sentences to infer error types and produce human-interpretable rules for further error correction. In a pFOIL algorithm, relation pattern background knowledge and quantized t-score background knowledge are proposed to characterize a sentence and then used for likelihood estimation. The relation pattern background knowledge captures the morphological, syntactic and semantic relations among the words in a sentence. One or two kinds of the extracted relations are then integrated into a pattern to characterize a sentence. The quantized t-score values are used to characterize various relations of a sentence for quantized t-score background knowledge representation. Afterwards, a decomposition-based testing mechanism which decomposes a sentence into background knowledge set needed for each error type is proposed to infer all potential error types and causes of the sentence. With the pFOIL method, not only the error types but also the error causes and positions can be provided for CSL learners. Experimental results reveal that the pFOIL method outperforms the C4.5, maximum entropy, and Naive Bayes classifiers in error classification.