Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physics and modeling of Ge-on-insulator MOSFETs

We have used process and device simulation tools (T-Supreme and Medici) to analyze the measured DC characteristics of Ge-on-insulator (GOI) MOSFETs. The GOI devices have higher drive current than do their Si counterparts, due to the smaller effective mass (m*) and smaller Ge energy bandgap - however this also causes a larger off-state I/sub ds/ leakage current. The simulations predict that the GOI MOSFETs have better RF gain and noise performance compared with Si devices. This is important for high speed operation as down-scaling continues.
Effects of Variable-Priority Training on Automation-Related Complacency: Performance and Eye Movements

The effectiveness of variable-priority training in reducing automation-related complacency was examined. Participants were trained under one of three attention allocation strategies, whole task (WT), part task (PT), or variable priority (VP). They subsequently monitored an automated system while simultaneously performing tracking and fuel management tasks. Eye movements were recorded to investigate attention allocation strategies. Results pointed to a trend for VP training to reduce complacency, compared to WT or PT training. The relationship between performance in each of the three training groups and eye movements to the automated task was inconsistent.
SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORK DESIGN CLASSIFICATIONS , PARADIGMS AND ANALYSES

Designing a supply chain network (SCN) consists of determining the network structure and dealing with various decisions from strategic decisions on location and capacities of facilities to operational and tactical concerns about transportation or inventory management policies. The structure of a SCN has a great influence on its future performance and costs and therefore, network design is a critical concern in supply chain management (SCM). Traditionally, most studies in the area of supply chain network design (SCND) mainly focus on monetary objectives. They seek designing a SCN with the aim of minimizing total costs of network or maximizing its overall profit. Nevertheless, recently various new paradigms have emerged in SCM field. In order to guarantee profitability and maintaining in today's market, a SCN not only has to minimize the overall costs but also should be flexible and responsive to the environmental changes while considering different concerns such as environmental and social factors rather than economical ones. As a result, designing a profitable SCN requires a broader view which takes such primary concerns in to account. In this paper, this concern is emphasized and different paradigms in SCM with particular focus on network design are reviewed and some current studies in each paradigm are addressed. In addition, we propose a framework of major studies in SCND area and we summarize the strategic decisions which are answered in each section.
Microstrip-line antennas with loop elements

This paper presents a recent development in a loop-line antenna, where the loop elements are newly located on both sides of the microstrip line in order to enhance the gain. The antenna is designed on the basis of the radiation characteristics of a reference loop-line antenna whose loops are on one side of the microstrip line. The radiation characteristics are evaluated using the numerically determined current distribution, and compared to those of the reference antenna.
Hidatsa III: Stems and Themes

positional slot filled by stems and affix-stem sequences which make up, by virtue of their occurrence in this slot, the class of themes. This makes it possible to avoid such statements as: a (noun) stem plus a (verb) stem equals a (noun) stem, and to say, rather, that a (noun) stem plus a (verb) stem equals a (noun) theme. Instead of saying that a (verb) stem in association with a prefix equals a (noun) stem, we say that a (verb) stem plus the prefix equals a (noun) theme. Morphemes thus remain uniquely classified as noun stem, verb stem, particle stem, prefix, or suffix. Certain combinations of these only enter into the various kinds of thematic formation indicated. 3.1. The positional slot of a theme may be identified in terms of its boundaries, the immediately preceding or immediately following morphemes or phonemes, which
Assessing the Quality of User-interface Modeling Languages

Model-Driven Development (MDD) is an approach that considers model as first citizen elements in the context of software development. Since there are so many modeling languages, there is a need to compare them and choose the best for each concrete situation. The selection of the most appropriate modeling language may influence the outputâ? s quality, whether it is only a set of models or software. This paper introduces ARENA, a framework that allows to evaluate the quality and effectiveness of modeling languages. Then we will apply ARENA to a specific subset of User-Interface Modeling Languages (namely UMLi, UsiXML, XIS and XIS-Mobile), taking into account some of their characteristics and the influence they have when models are generated.
Supervisor Training: A Discrimination Model

The delivery of supervision skills to those who direct counselors through practicum is not well defined in the counseling literature. This article addresses that issue by presenting a model for identification and training of those skills, the roles in which the skills are demonstrated, and the types of choices or discriminations that are necessary to make in tutoring trainees through the counseling practicum. This model attempts to pair the training of supervisors with the training of counselors in a systematic fashion.
Evaluation of Sexual Function in Brazilian Pregnant Women

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the sexual function of pregnant women and to identify the potential variables associated with it. The study was conducted on 137 low-risk, sexually active pregnant women who filled out the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. Although 61% of the women assessed presented an FSFI score ≤26.5, they declared that they were satisfied with the emotional proximity to their partner, with their relationship, and with their sex life. A positive association was detected between sexual dysfunction and gestational age and a report of urinary incontinence and excessive weight gain in the current pregnancy.
Harnessing NLOS Components for Position and Orientation Estimation in 5G mmWave MIMO

In the past, NLOS propagation was shown to be a source of distortion for radio-based positioning systems. Every NLOS component was perceived as a perturbation which resulted from the lack of temporal and spatial resolution of previous cellular systems. Even though 5G is not yet standardized, a strong proposal, which has the potential to overcome the problem of limited temporal and spatial resolution, is the massive MIMO millimeter wave technology. Based on this proposal, we reconsider the role of NLOS components for 5G position and orientation estimation purposes. Our analysis is based on the concept of Fisher information. We show that, for sufficiently high temporal and spatial resolution, NLOS components always provide position and orientation information which consequently increases position and orientation estimation accuracy. We show that the information gain of NLOS components depends on the actual location of the reflector or scatter. Our numerical examples suggest that NLOS components are most informative about the position and orientation of a mobile terminal when corresponding reflectors or scatterers are illuminated with narrow beams.
Machiavellianism and Careers at Plateau

90 managers from a High-tech firm self-administered the Mach IV questionnaire. Analysis showed no significant difference between the more Machiavellian-oriented managers and their less Machiavellian peers on either of two dimensions. The High Machs were not promoted more often nor did they expect to be promoted more often than Low Machs in this study. Machiavellian tendencies were not related to ‘career plateauing. ’
Complete sequence and gene organization of the genome of a hyper-thermophilic archaebacterium, Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3.

The complete sequence of the genome of a hyper-thermophilic archaebacterium, Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3, has been determined by assembling the sequences of the physical map-based contigs of fosmid clones and of long polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products which were used for gap-filling. The entire length of the genome was 1,738,505 bp. The authenticity of the entire genome sequence was supported by restriction analysis of long PCR products, which were directly amplified from the genomic DNA. As the potential protein-coding regions, a total of 2061 open reading frames (ORFs) were assigned, and by similarity search against public databases, 406 (19.7%) were related to genes with putative function and 453 (22.0%) to the sequences registered but with unknown function. The remaining 1202 ORFs (58.3%) did not show any significant similarity to the sequences in the databases. Sequence comparison among the assigned ORFs in the genome provided evidence that a considerable number of ORFs were generated by sequence duplication. By similarity search, 11 ORFs were assumed to contain the intein elements. The RNA genes identified were a single 16S-23S rRNA operon, two 5S rRNA genes and 46 tRNA genes including two with the intron structure. All the assigned ORFs and RNA coding regions occupied 91.25% of the whole genome. The data presented in this paper are available on the internet at http:@www.nite. go.jp.
Automated assessment of the composition of breast tissue revealed on tissue-thickness-corrected mammography.

OBJECTIVE Variations in the thickness of a compressed breast and the resulting variations in mammographic densities confound current automated procedures for estimating tissue composition of breasts from digitized mammograms. We sought to determine whether adjusting mammographic data for tissue thickness before estimating tissue composition could improve the accuracy of the tissue estimates. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed methods for locally estimating breast thickness from mammograms and then adjusting pixel values so that the values correlated with the tissue composition over the breast area. In our technique, the pixel values are corrected for the nonlinearity of the combined characteristic curve from the film and film digitizer; the approximate relative thickness as a function of distance from the skin line is measured; and the pixel values are adjusted to reflect their distance from the skin line. To estimate tissue composition, we created a backpropagation neural network classifier from features extracted from the histogram of pixel values, after the data had been adjusted for characteristic curve and tissue thickness. We used a 10-fold cross-validation method to evaluate the neural network. The averaged scores of three radiologists were our gold standard. RESULTS The performance of the neural network was calculated as the percentage of correct classifications of images that were or were not corrected to reflect tissue thickness. With its parameters derived from the pixel-value histogram, the neural network based on corrected images performed better (71% accuracy) than that based on uncorrected images (67% accuracy) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results show that adjusting tissue thickness before estimating tissue composition improved the performance of our estimation procedure in reproducing the tissue composition values determined by radiologists.
Computational modeling of cardiac dual calcium-voltage optical mapping

Optical imaging allows mapping the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of transmembrane potential and intracellular calcium in cardiac tissue. Several studies have shown that the epi-fluorescent optical action potential contains contributions from the sub-epicardium, owing to scattering of photons in tissue. Hybrid electro-optical models have allowed careful quantification of these scattering effects and have lead to a better interpretation of the optical action potential. However, until now, these effects have not been investigated for optically recorded calcium transients. Here, we develop a hybrid model of cardiac dual calcium-voltage epi-fluorescence mapping. This model allows simulating both optical action potentials and optical calcium transients and investigating the effects of photon scattering on their synthesis. We find that optical calcium transients contain contributions from sub-epicardial layers up to 0.8 mm below the epicardium. These lead to significant differences in rise time and activation times between the optically acquired calcium signal and the epicardial intracellular calcium concentration. As has been the case with optically recording action potentials, these results should be taken into account in the interpretation of experimental optical measurements of intracellular calcium.
Statistical Significance with Comments by Editors of Marketing Journals

The historical growth in the popularity of statistical significance testing is examined using a random sample of annual data from 12 American Psychological Association (APA) journals. The results replicate and extend the findings of Hubbard, Parsa, and Luthy, who used data from only the Journal of Applied Psychology. The results also confirm Gigerenzer and Murray’s allegation that an inference revolution occurred in psychology between 1940 and 1955. An assessment of the future prospects for statistical significance testing is offered. It is concluded that replication with extension research, and its connections with meta-analysis, is a better vehicle for developing a cumulative knowledge base in the discipline than statistical significance testing. It is conceded, however, that statistical significance testing is likely here to stay.
The Psychological Effects of Solitary Confinement on Prisoners in Supermax Units

This article examines the psychological consequences of short- and long-term solitary confinement for prisoners in the United States subjected to administrative or disciplinary segregation. Particular attention is paid to the use of secure housing units, alternatively known as control units or supermax units. These correctional entities allow for the isolation of convicts under conditions that offer little sensory stimulation and minimal opportunities for interaction with other people. The circumstances typically found in these units and the heightened potential for the abuse of prisoners are described. The connections between internment and mental illness—as well as isolation and race, gender, and class—are explored. A set of recommendations for the reform of secure housing is presented.
Nonclassical Vitamin D Action

It is becoming increasingly clear that vitamin D has a broad range of actions in the human body. Besides its well-known effects on calcium/phosphate homeostasis, vitamin D influences muscle function, cardiovascular homeostasis, nervous function, and the immune response. Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency has been associated with muscle weakness and a high incidence of various chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 and 2 diabetes. Most importantly, low vitamin D status has been found to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality. Several recent randomized controlled trials support the assumption that vitamin D can improve muscle strength, glucose homeostasis, and cardiovascular risk markers. In addition, vitamin D may reduce cancer incidence and elevated blood pressure. Since the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is high throughout the world, there is a need to improve vitamin D status in the general adult population. However, the currently recommended daily vitamin D intake of 5-15 µg is too low to achieve an adequate vitamin D status in individuals with only modest skin synthesis. Thus, there is a need to recommend a vitamin D intake that is effective for achieving adequate circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations (>75 nmol/L).
A 12-year prospective study of the long-term effects of early child physical maltreatment on psychological, behavioral, and academic problems in adolescence.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether child physical maltreatment early in life has long-term effects on psychological, behavioral, and academic problems independent of other characteristics associated with maltreatment. DESIGN Prospective longitudinal study with data collected annually from 1987 through 1999. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Randomly selected, community-based samples of 585 children from the ongoing Child Development Project were recruited the summer before children entered kindergarten in 3 geographic sites. Seventy-nine percent continued to participate in grade 11. The initial in-home interviews revealed that 69 children (11.8%) had experienced physical maltreatment prior to kindergarten matriculation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Adolescent assessment of school grades, standardized test scores, absences, suspensions, aggression, anxiety/depression, other psychological problems, drug use, trouble with police, pregnancy, running away, gang membership, and educational aspirations. RESULTS Adolescents maltreated early in life were absent from school more than 1.5 as many days, were less likely to anticipate attending college compared with nonmaltreated adolescents, and had levels of aggression, anxiety/depression, dissociation, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, social problems, thought problems, and social withdrawal that were on average more than three quarters of an SD higher than those of their nonmaltreated counterparts. The findings held after controlling for family and child characteristics correlated with maltreatment. CONCLUSIONS Early physical maltreatment predicts adolescent psychological and behavioral problems, beyond the effects of other factors associated with maltreatment. Undetected early physical maltreatment in community populations represents a major problem worthy of prevention.
Deterministic and Efficient Hash Table Lookup Using Discriminated Vectors

Hash table is used in many areas of networking such as route lookup, packet classification, per-flow state management and network monitoring for its constant access time latency at moderate loads. However, collisions may become frequent at high loads in traditional hash tables, which may lead the access time complexity to be linear and intolerable to applications like high-speed route lookups. While some schemes were proposed to help resolve this problem and most of them may achieve O(1) average memory access per lookup, very few of them are able to cut down the access to a deterministic single one. In this paper, we design a structure called deterministic and efficient hash table (DEHT). In DEHT, a novel data structure on on-chip memory is built, with the help of which the off-chip memory access can be decreased to a single one at most per lookup even when the load of the hash table is very high. What's more, the on-chip data structure also plays a similar role as Bloom Filter to do membership screening, which can avoid most lookups of nonexistent items of the hash table visiting the off-chip memory. Through theoretical analysis and simulations, we show that our scheme is faster than other schemes in lookup operations; the usable load of the off-chip hash table, the memory efficiency and the false positive rate of the on-chip data structure are also favorable.
Individual differences in behavioural plasticities

Interest in individual differences in animal behavioural plasticities has surged in recent years, but research in this area has been hampered by semantic confusion as different investigators use the same terms (e.g. plasticity, flexibility, responsiveness) to refer to different phenomena. The first goal of this review is to suggest a framework for categorizing the many different types of behavioural plasticities, describe examples of each, and indicate why using reversibility as a criterion for categorizing behavioural plasticities is problematic. This framework is then used to address a number of timely questions about individual differences in behavioural plasticities. One set of questions concerns the experimental designs that can be used to study individual differences in various types of behavioural plasticities. Although within‐individual designs are the default option for empirical studies of many types of behavioural plasticities, in some situations (e.g. when experience at an early age affects the behaviour expressed at subsequent ages), ‘replicate individual’ designs can provide useful insights into individual differences in behavioural plasticities. To date, researchers using within‐individual and replicate individual designs have documented individual differences in all of the major categories of behavioural plasticities described herein. Another important question is whether and how different types of behavioural plasticities are related to one another. Currently there is empirical evidence that many behavioural plasticities [e.g. contextual plasticity, learning rates, IIV (intra‐individual variability), endogenous plasticities, ontogenetic plasticities) can themselves vary as a function of experiences earlier in life, that is, many types of behavioural plasticity are themselves developmentally plastic. These findings support the assumption that differences among individuals in prior experiences may contribute to individual differences in behavioural plasticities observed at a given age. Several authors have predicted correlations across individuals between different types of behavioural plasticities, i.e. that some individuals will be generally more plastic than others. However, empirical support for most of these predictions, including indirect evidence from studies of relationships between personality traits and plasticities, is currently sparse and equivocal. The final section of this review suggests how an appreciation of the similarities and differences between different types of behavioural plasticities may help theoreticians formulate testable models to explain the evolution of individual differences in behavioural plasticities and the evolutionary and ecological consequences of individual differences in behavioural plasticities.