Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-inflammatory and Antihistaminic Study of a Unani Eye Drop Formulation

The Unani eye drop is an ophthalmic formulation prepared for its beneficial effects in the inflammatory and allergic conditions of the eyes. In the present study, the Unani eye drop formulation was prepared and investigated for its anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic activity, using in vivo and in vitro experimental models respectively. The Unani eye drop formulation exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in turpentine liniment-induced ocular inflammation in rabbits. The preparation also showed antihistaminic activity in isolated guinea-pig ileum. The anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic activity of eye drop may be due to presence of active ingredients in the formulation. Although there are many drugs in Unani repository which are mentioned in classical books or used in Unani clinical practice effectively in treatment of eye diseases by various Unani physicians. Inspite of the availability of vast literature, there is a dearth of commercial Unani ocular preparations. So, keeping this in mind, the eye drop formulation was prepared and its anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic activity was carried out in animal models. Thus, in view of the importance of alternative anti-inflammatory and antiallergic drugs, it becomes imperative to bring these indigenous drugs to the front foot and evaluate their activities.
On the Energy Efficiency-Spectral Efficiency Trade-Off of Distributed MIMO Systems

In this paper, the trade-off between energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE) is analyzed for both the uplink and downlink of the distributed multiple-input multiple-output (DMIMO) system over the Rayleigh fading channel while considering different types of power consumption models (PCMs). A novel tight closed-form approximation of the DMIMO EE-SE trade-off is presented and a detailed analysis is provided for the scenario with practical antenna configurations. Furthermore, generic and accurate low and high-SE approximations of this trade-off are derived for any number of radio access units (RAUs) in both the uplink and downlink channels. Our expressions have been utilized for assessing both the EE gain of DMIMO over co-located MIMO (CMIMO) and the incremental EE gain of DMIMO in the downlink channel. Our results reveal that DMIMO is more energy efficient than CMIMO for cell edge users in both the idealistic and realistic PCMs; whereas in terms of the incremental EE gain, connecting the user terminal to only one RAU is the most energy efficient approach when a realistic PCM is considered.
Analyzing adaptive strategies: Human behavioral ecology at twenty‐five

weed- ing, much of the horticultural work is done by women, a typical division of labor. Quantitative, ethnographic studies of time allocation have illuminated the work pat- terns and subsistence contributions of different sex-age groups, e.g., the young fe- males pictured here, but a satisfactory explanation for male-female division of la- bor seen in foraging and forager-horticul-turalist societies has remained elusive. Pho- tograph courtesy of Flora Lu.
Integrated GIS and Interactive Spatial Data Mining for Land Evaluation

With the rapid progress of economy, the land prices change quickly, thus demanding frequent update that is hard to accomplish in time. This paper addresses these problems by employing geographic information system (GIS) and spatial data mining (SDM) to dynamically grade and evaluate the prices of land parcels. In the paper, the author briefly introduced the integrated techniques between GIS and SDM, and an application information system for land grading is proposed. The idea is to combine SDM with GIS and expert system and apply them to establish an intelligent land grading information system. Then a prototype system for land grading based on GIS and SDM use Visual C++ 6.0 and MapObject2.0 is designed and developed, the base algorithm of the SDM is used Decision Tree. Also, an application example (commercial land grading in Bao'an district) is presented to show the system is a transplantable and practical and extensible system.
Assessing Smartphone Ease of Use and Learning from the Perspective of Novice and Expert Users: Development and Illustration of Mobile Benchmark Tasks

Assessing usability of device types with novel function sets that are adopted by diverse user groups requires one to explore a variety of approaches. In this paper, we develop such an approach to assess usability of smartphone devices. Using a three-stage Delphi-method study, we identify sets of benchmark tasks that can be used to assess usability for various user types. These task sets enable one to evaluate smartphone platforms from two perspectives: ease of learning (for those unfamiliar with smartphone use) and ease of use (for experienced users). We then demonstrate an approach for using this task set by performing an exploratory study of both inexperienced smartphone users (using a convenience sample) and experienced users (using the keystroke model). Our exploration illustrates the methodology for using such a task set and, in so doing, reveals significant differences among the leading smartphone platforms between novice and expert users. As such, we provide some preliminary evidence that ease of use is indeed significantly different from ease of learning.
Characterizing Example Embedding as a software activity

We use an empirical qualitative software engineering research to characterize Example Embedding (EE) as a software activity - a collection of fine grained techniques which together assemble an abstract key notion in software development. This perspective lays the foundations for building an activity catalogue, forming new software practices, affecting the development process and motivating the development of new software tools.
Chondrocyte Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis

Apoptosis is a highly-regulated, active process of cell death involved in development, homeostasis and aging. Dysregulation of apoptosis leads to pathological states, such as cancer, developmental anomalies and degenerative diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common chronic joint disease in the elderly population, is characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage, resulting in significant disability. Because articular cartilage depends solely on its resident cells, the chondrocytes, for the maintenance of extracellular matrix, the compromising of chondrocyte function and survival would lead to the failure of the articular cartilage. The role of subchondral bone in the maintenance of proper cartilage matrix has been suggested as well, and it has been proposed that both articular cartilage and subchondral bone interact with each other in the maintenance of articular integrity and physiology. Some investigators include both articular cartilage and subchondral bone as targets for repairing joint degeneration. In late-stage OA, the cartilage becomes hypocellular, often accompanied by lacunar emptying, which has been considered as evidence that chondrocyte death is a central feature in OA progression. Apoptosis clearly occurs in osteoarthritic cartilage; however, the relative contribution of chondrocyte apoptosis in the pathogenesis of OA is difficult to evaluate, and contradictory reports exist on the rate of apoptotic chondrocytes in osteoarthritic cartilage. It is not clear whether chondrocyte apoptosis is the inducer of cartilage degeneration or a byproduct of cartilage destruction. Chondrocyte death and matrix loss may form a vicious cycle, with the progression of one aggravating the other, and the literature reveals that there is a definite correlation between the degree of cartilage damage and chondrocyte apoptosis. Because current treatments for OA act only on symptoms and do not prevent or cure OA, chondrocyte apoptosis would be a valid target to modulate cartilage degeneration.
Reemergence of Epidemic Vibrio cholerae O139, Bangladesh

During March and April 2002, a resurgence of Vibrio cholerae O139 occurred in Dhaka and adjoining areas of Bangladesh with an estimated 30,000 cases of cholera. Patients infected with O139 strains were much older than those infected with O1 strains (p<0.001). The reemerged O139 strains belong to a single ribotype corresponding to one of two ribotypes that caused the initial O139 outbreak in 1993. Unlike the strains of 1993, the recent strains are susceptible to trimethoprim, sulphamethoxazole, and streptomycin but resistant to nalidixic acid. The new O139 strains carry a copy of the Calcutta type CTXCalc prophage in addition to the CTXET prophage carried by the previous strains. Thus, the O139 strains continue to evolve, and the adult population continues to be more susceptible to O139 cholera, which suggests a lack of adequate immunity against this serogroup. These findings emphasize the need for continuous monitoring of the new epidemic strains.
Mindful Tech: Developing a More Contemplative and Reflective Relationship With Our Digital Devices and Apps

Today’s digital technologies are both powerful and powerfully distracting. The challenge we face is to use them to their best advantage, and to ours. This article describes one method that may help us to face this challenge: bringing mindful attention to the ways we currently use our digital devices and apps, discovering in the process what is harmful, or at least disadvantageous, in our current digital habits, and through this process formulating more beneficial ways to work online. The bulk of this article reports on the mindfulness exercises developed for a course on Information and Contemplation that has been taught in the University of Washington’s Information School since 2006 and that form the basis for a new book, “Mindful Tech: How to Bring Balance to Our Digital Lives” (Yale, 2016).
Phylogeny and morphology of four new species of Lasiodiplodia from Iran

Four new species of Lasiodiplodia; L. citricola, L. gilanensis, L. hormozganensis and L. iraniensis from various tree species in Iran are described and illustrated. The ITS and partial translation elongation factor-1α sequence data were analysed to investigate their phylogenetic relationships with other closely related species and genera. The four new species formed well-supported clades within Lasiodiplodia and were morphologically distinct from all other known species.
PETRA: Personalized Trust Management Architecture (Application Paper)

Trust is the cornerstone of success in any relationship between two or more parties. Current technologies to include cloud computing, social networking, and mobile applications, coupled with the explosion in storage and processing power, are evolving large-scale marketplaces for a wide variety of resources and services. In such marketplaces, users (consumer, provider and broker) are largely autonomous with vastly diverse requirements, capabilities, and trust profiles, and thus trustworthy interactions and transactions become a challenging endeavor. We hypothesize the need for a dynamically customizable personalized trust management system for the robustness and wide-scale adoption of such large-scale heterogeneous marketplaces. In this paper, we explore and enable trust personalization and propose PETRA, PErsonalized TRust Architecture, and present a PETRA-based trust management system. Our simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the PETRA-based approach and illustrate the impact of trust personalization.
Curiosity and experience design: developing the desire to know and explore in ways that are sociable, embodied and playful

3 DECLARATION . 5 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . 9 TABLE OF CONTENTS . 13 LIST OF TABLES . 15 LIST OF FIGURES . 17 INTRODUCTION . 21 BACKGROUND CONTEXTS . 21 EMERGING RESEARCH ON CURIOSITY IN DIGITAL MEDIA DESIGN . 32 PROBLEMS WITH EXISTING STUDIES . 41 OUTLINE OF THE THESIS . 45 CHAPTER 1: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF CURIOSITY IN EVERYDAY LIFE . 51 1.
Improving the Accuracy of Automated GUI Testing for Embedded Systems

Automated GUIs test application user interfaces and verify their functionalities. However, due to the uncertainty of runtime execution environments, the device under test (DUT) might not reproduce GUI operations on time, resulting in test failures. The Smart Phone Automated GUI (SPAG) avoids nondeterministic events by batching event sequences and directly reproducing them on the DUT. SPAG dynamically changes the timing of following operations so that all event sequences can be performed on time. Experiments conducted on an Acer Liquid smartphone comparing SPAG to MonkeyRunner showed that SPAG can maintain up to 99.5 percent accuracy.
st and Fast Action Selection ism for F%nning*

The ability to plan and react in dynamic environments is central to intelligent behavior yet few algorithms have managed to combine fast planning with a robust execution. In this paper we develop one such algorithm by looking at planning as real time search. For that we develop a variation of Korf’s Learning Real Time A* algorithm together with a suitable heuristic function. The resulting algorithm interleaves lookahead with execution and never builds a plan. It is an action selection mechanism that decides at each time point what to do next. Yet it solves hard planning problems faster than any domain independent planning algorithm known to us, including the powerful SAT planner recently introduced by Kautz and Selman. It also works in the presence of perturbations and noise, and can be given a fixed time window to operate. We illustrate each of these features by running the algorithm on a number of benchmark problems.
Research of Methods for Extracting Principal Components Responding to Sucrose Supersaturation Based Soft Sensors in Cane Sugar Process

Based on the soft sensor techniques, five external factors that affect the cane sugar crystallization process are used as auxiliary variables, i.e., the syrup Brix and temperature, vacuum, steam pressure and feed flow, while the sucrose supersaturation is considered as the key variable. Then a soft sensor method for the sucrose supersaturation is developed based on kernel partial least squares. However, the cane sugar crystallization process is very complex, with features of multiple nonlinearity among the auxiliary variables. Besides, the auxiliary variables obtaining from the on-line sensors involves lots of uncertain components because of the limits of the sensors themselves and the environmental influence in cane sugar process, which weakens the generalization capacity of the soft sensor. Therefore, a kernel partial least squares method is adopted to extract the principle components of the auxiliary variables, which improves the accuracy and generalization capacity of the soft sensor model for the sucrose supersaturation. The experiment results proved that the soft sensor values were close to the actual values where the maximal relative error was nearly 2.91 %. This method is of high performance. Copyright © 2014 IFSA Publishing, S. L.
Audio-aware on-the-fly Animation from Single Photo

In this paper we propose new approach of automatic generating real time content adaptive animation effects from the still images adapted for the low-powerful embedded HW platforms. Displayed animation behaves uniquely each time it’s played back, and does not repeat itself during playback duration, creating vivid and lively impression for the viewer. Adaptation of the effect parameters according to background audio greatly increases aesthetic impression of the viewer. Three animation effects such as Flashing Light, Soap Bubbles and Sunlight Spot are described in details. We propose several ways of controlling the effect parameters by music. User opinion survey demonstrates that majority of users are excited by such effects and wants to see them in their devices with multimedia capability.
Assessing selection methods in the context of multi-atlas based segmentation

In atlas-based segmentation, using one single atlas for segmenting all patients introduces a bias. Multi-atlas techniques overcome this drawback by selecting and fusing the most appropriate atlases among a database for a given patient. Globally assessing different multi-atlas strategies provides a biased evaluation of the atlas selection methods. To address this problem, we propose to evaluate atlas selection methods independently from the number of atlases selected and from the atlas fusion step. Briefly, we first cluster the selection methods on the basis of rank correlation and then assess each sub-group of methods with respect to a sub-group of reference selection methods. We apply our method to 105 images of the head and neck region.
Integrative Budotherapie – eine ICF-orientierte Therapie bei aggressivem Verhalten im Rahmen der Suchtrehabilitation

Zusammenfassung Auf der Grundlage des General Aggression Models (GAM) und der International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) werden in dieser Arbeit Kernziele für eine Behandlung aggressiver Verhaltensweisen formuliert. In einem nächsten Schritt werden diesen Kernzielen Maßnahmen und Interventionen aus dem Bereich des Budo, der Kampfkunst zugeordnet. Wir nennen den so entstandenen Behandlungsansatz „Budotherapie“. Er kombiniert sport- bzw. bewegungstherapeutische Maßnahmen mit psychotherapeutischen Interventionen und kann im Feld der Therapie von aggressivem Verhalten eine substanzielle Ergänzung und Erweiterung bloß verbaler Therapien bilden.
Returns to Social Network Capital Among Traders

Using data on agricultural traders in Madagascar, this paper shows that social network capital has a large effect on firm productivity. Better connected traders have significantly larger sales and value added than less connected traders after controlling for physical and human inputs as well as for entrepreneur characteristics. The analysis indicates that three dimensions of social network capital should be distinguished: relationships with other traders, which among other things help firms economize on transactions costs; relationships with potential lenders; and family relationships, which reduce efficiency, possibly because of the blurring of firm boundaries. We find no evidence that social capital favors collusion.
Refining Taxonomies Extracted from Machine Readable Dictionaries

In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that the limited size of existing computational lexicons and the poverty of the semantic information they contain represents one of the primary bottlenecks in the development of realistic natural language processing (NLP) systems. The need for extensive lexical and semantic databases is evident in the recent initiation of a number of projects to construct massive generic lexicons for NLP (project GENELEX in Europe or EDR in Japan).
Mathematics and Science Student Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Classroom Management Practices during Practicum: A Case of Copperbelt University Students

A Classroom is a formal interactive environment in which a teacher and pupil engage in the process of teaching and learning. The quality of teaching and learning in the classroom is influenced by the teachers’ ability to ensure effective classroom management. The purpose of this study was to investigate the Copperbelt University Mathematics and Science Education student teachers’ perception of their classroom management practices. In addition the study sought to investigate student teachers perception of their challenges in classroom management practices and to examine gender differences on the student teachers’ perceptions of their classroom management practices during the practicum. The study was undertaken with the students doing practicum in secondary schools in the nine provinces of Zambia. A mixed methods research design was used in the study. The sample comprised 112 Mathematics and Science Education student teachers on practicum. Focus group discussion and a questionnaire were used to collect data. Findings of the study show that student teachers had positive perceptions of their classroom management practices and that the practicum profoundly influenced their classroom management practices. Student teachers discovered that effective classroom management required proper planning and implementation of the plans and to handle pupils as individuals. Secondly student teachers perceived that they had several challenges in their classroom management during the practicum. These challenges included handling large classes, poor infrastructure, pupil indiscipline and lack of teaching and learning materials. However in spite of the challenges they faced they learnt and managed to handle pupils in class, present lessons in a systematic and a coherent manner and ensure effective classroom management. The results further show that there was no significant difference between male and female student teachers’ perceptions in the acquisition of classroom management skills.
Coupled Resonance Energy Transfer Over Gigahertz Frequency Range Using Ceramic Filled Cavity for Medical Implanted Sensors

A wireless power transmission (WPT) system based on a magnetically coupled coil-based resonance is the predominating technology in most WPT applications. In the field of implantable medical devices, however, the energy transfer operation is highly limited by the size of the receiver and also the loss properties of dispersive human tissue. Since the low gigahertz range has been considered as the optimal transfer frequency, an alternative to the lossy coil resonator should be studied and developed. In this paper, an original transmitter solution is presented that considers the needs for strong magnetic dominant near-field and weak far-field radiation even at low gigahertz frequency. A half-closed partially ceramic-filled cavity resonator is described on the basis of an accurate, but analytical model. Design parameters are also studied using a full-wave simulation software package and measurement results of a resonator-to-resonator transfer scheme are presented, which show a good agreement with simulation results. An efficiency above 65% can be obtained within the distance comparable to the diameter of the resonator (60.5 mm) in this case study. Subsequently, energy transmission between the proposed cavity resonator and a small-sized copper coil of 3 mm of diameter is investigated. Measurement results show that the efficiency is above 34% within 20 mm and above 8.2% within 40 mm, which is much higher than the conventional coil-to-coil transmission scheme.
Reduction of Aircraft Tyre Wear by Pre-Rotating Wheel Using ANSYS Mechanical Transient

Heavy aircraft main landing gear tyres skid immediately after touchdown as result of the high slip ratio between the tyres and runway, which lead to tyre wear and smoke. In this paper, the tyre wear is modelled on the Archard theory using ANSYS mechanical transient, to reveal the wheel’s dynamic and the tyre tread wear. The wheel’s dynamic and the amount of wear are calculated for initially static and for pre-spun wheels in order to find the effectiveness of the technique of pre-spinning the wheel, as suggested by many patents since the early days of airplane use, in order to eliminate aircraft landing wear and smoke.