Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Posterolateral Rotatory Instability Following Radial Head Excision: A Prospective Study

The radial head is a important structure that is crucial to the stability of both elbow and forearm. Radial head excision is a common procedure for the treatment of comminuted fractures of the radial head (1-2). While radial head resection is associated with a high success rate when performed for appropriate indications, a number of welldefined biomechanical complications have been reported following this procedure, including proximal migration of the radius, the development of valgus deformity and recurrent elbow instability (3-4). With improvement of implant technology and prosthetic design more and more radial fractures are either plated or replaced with prosthesis. While the absence of the radial head makes the diagnosis difficult, we have identified a series of patients with posterolateral rotatory instability following radial head resection.
Enabling Future Internet Architecture Research and Experimentation by Using Software Defined Networking

Internet core protocols were designed in the seventies and after four decades and a huge success, most of that initial design is still in place. As stated by Moore's law, current digital devices offer a huge processing capacity when compared to the computational resources of the early Internet. Moreover, physical links, wired or not, offer great connectivity and high throughput capacity. New applications bring a new set of requirements that the Internet is not able to satisfy in a proper way. The Internet architecture must be reviewed and several research groups are engaged in this design. Software Defined Networking (SDN), currently materialized in OpenFlow, represents an extraordinary opportunity to rethink computer networks, enabling the design and deployment of a future Internet. This paper presents SDN based technologies available, describes some research initiatives and discusses how the research community can use them to shape future Internet architecture.
Information in Virtual Spaces

This paper describes a potential new interdisciplinary research field that could emerge as a result of developments in immersive interactive virtual 3D spaces, geographic information systems, information visualization, pattern recognition, linguistics, knowledge representation and sharing, and other related areas. This research field has many dimensions and is therefore difficult to describe in a paper that is mostly linear. The space under discussion is briefly described and visualized on a map in the first section. The next section discusses some of the key 3D concepts that are referred to throughout the rest of the paper. Then, the paper discusses the representation and communication of concrete spatiotemporal information, such as trips, life events, and sporting events, which make it clear that neither a virtual reproduction nor a natural language description alone are sufficiently complete for all purposes, and suggests ways of integrating them. Finally, applications of this type of approach to the visualization of language and abstract information are discussed. The journey through this space will show how visualizations differ from and complement natural language. The journey has two main goals. One aim is to argue that significant linguistic insight can be gained by researching how to best integrate language elements with these visualizations and by studying automatic verbalization of virtual events and automatic creation of virtual events from natural language descriptions. A more general goal is to show where these new technologies have the potential to aid with communication and the sharing of knowledge, lead to deeper understanding and novel insight, and enable people to deal with a larger amount of complex abstract information.
Cross-Language Chinese Text Retrieval in NTCIR Workshop: towards Cross-Language multilingual Text Retrieval

This article reports the results of Chinese Text Retrieval (CHTR) tasks in NTCIR Workshop 2 and the future plan of NTCIR workshop. CHTR tasks fall into two categories: Chinese-Chinese IR (CHIR) and English-Chinese IR (ECIR). The definitions, schedules, test collection (CIRB010), search results, evaluation, and initial analyses of search results of CHIR and ECIR are discussed in this article. The new plan of NTCIR towards multilingual Cross-Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) is also described.
KatG Is the Primary Detoxifier of Hydrogen Peroxide Produced by Aerobic Metabolism in Bradyrhizobium japonicum

ABSTRACT Bacteria are exposed to reactive oxygen species from the environment and from those generated by aerobic metabolism. Catalases are heme proteins that detoxify H2O2, and many bacteria contain more than one catalase enzyme. Also, the nonheme peroxidase alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (Ahp) is the major scavenger of endogenous H2O2 in Escherichia coli. Here, we show that aerobically grown Bradyrhizobium japonicum cells express a single catalase activity. Four genes encoding putative catalases in the B. japonicum genome were identified, including a katG homolog encoding a catalase-peroxidase. Deletion of the katG gene resulted in loss of catalase activity in cell extracts and of exogenous H2O2 consumption by whole cells. The katG strain had a severe aerobic growth phenotype but showed improved growth in the absence of O2. By contrast, a B. japonicum ahpCD mutant grew well aerobically and consumed H2O2 at wild-type rates. A heme-deficient hemA mutant expressed about one-third of the KatG activity as the wild type but grew well aerobically and scavenged low concentrations of exogenous H2O2. However, cells of the hemA strain were deficient in consumption of high concentrations of H2O2 and were very sensitive to killing by short exposure to H2O2. In addition, KatG activity did not decrease as a result of mutation of the gene encoding the transcriptional activator OxyR. We conclude that aerobic metabolism produces toxic levels of H2O2 in B. japonicum, which is detoxified primarily by KatG. Furthermore, the katG level sufficient for detoxification does not require OxyR.
Analysis of Cooperative Spatial Multiplexing for Ad Hoc Networks with Adaptive Hybrid ARQ

Existing cooperative diversity techniques for wireless ad hoc networks mostly consider space-time block codes for cooperation. In this paper we propose a cross-layer design of ad hoc wireless networks based on spatial multiplexing (SM). Each node is equipped with multiple antennas and the spatial dimensions of the channel are exploited to support multiple simultaneous transmissions. Diversity is then provided only for failed transmissions by means of selective cooperation among nodes that still use SM for transmission. Moreover, to increase the efficiency of the system, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) protocol integrated with packet coding is used at the medium access control layer. We analyze the proposed network architecture with a Markov chain description of the decoding process and we derive a closed form expression for the achieved throughput in Rayleigh fading channels.
WPT by a pair of short helical dipoles

Wireless power transmission (WPT) by two short helical dipoles arrayed orthogonally is presented. For the electric resonance coupling WPT system, the short dipoles need for a matching circuit due to cancel its large capacitance at the operating frequency. In the proposed method, the loss is reduced by using the helical structure instead of matching circuit. Its power transmission characteristics are shown in experiments. The measured results are agreed with the calculated results of a pair of dipoles with a matching circuit. In the orthogonal arrangement, the WPT is possible in the wide range expect for the angle θ = 0 between the antennas. At θ = π/4, the coupling coefficient becomes the maximum, and the WPT is enabled for the longest distance.
Iterative Ontology Update with Minimum Change

Ontologies, which form the core of Semantic Web systems, need to evolve to meet the changing needs of the system and its users. The dynamic nature of ontology development has motivated the formal study of ontology evolution problems, which is one of the important problems in the current Semantic Web research. Ontology evolution approaches suffer from intrinsic information loss. The current study deals with the problem of minimizing information loss during iterative ontology update. It provides a framework combining the ontology evolution tasks with context-based reasoning method. Using this framework, all the solutions obtained in an ontology evolution task, which are partly redundant, can be described as contexts and compactly represented in a single labelled ontology. Further updates and reasoning can be done on this ontology efficiently. We propose new approaches to do ontology contraction, ontology expansion and ontology revision using context-based reasoning method. These approaches show how ontology evolution can be done with minimum information loss by using all the solutions obtained at every stage of the evolution task, efficiently using our framework. We also propose theoretical methods to extract the optimal solutions from the ontology obtained as the result of iterative ontology update. We show that, optimal solutions in the intermediate stages of iterative ontology update may not be the optimal solutions in the result obtained at the end of all the stages. We handle various notions of an optimal solution: the solution which changes the semantics of the ontology as minimum as possible, the solution which contains some of the intended consequences, the solution which has the most original axioms of the ontology. We also propose theoretical methods to do context-based reasoning over the optimal solutions extracted. We present the first prototypical implementation of the theoretical methods developed in this thesis and show the preliminary results of our implementation on the real-world ontologies.
Sketch recognition-based c programming teaching system

The electronic white board and the tablet PC are bringing new technologies to modern education. This paper presents a hybrid SVM-HMM algorithm for sketch recognition. In this algorithm, ICA is used to reduce the dimension of features, a set of fuzzy SVMs are used as preliminary feature classifiers to produce fix length feature vector, which acts as a probability evaluator in the hidden states of Hidden Markov Models, and HMMs are employed as finally classifiers to recognize the unknown pattern. Experiment results show the hybrid algorithm has good learning and recognition ability. And based on this algorithm, a programming teaching system is designed to identify the sketches to the programming flowchart, and converts it to C language programs finally.
A Fast Training Algorithm for Least Squares SVM

A fast training algorithm for Least Squares SVM (LS-SVM) classifiers was proposed, which is based on incremental and decremental learning theory. When a SV (Support Vector) is added or removed, computation based on previous training result replaces large-scale matrix inverse, thus the computation cost is reduced. The innovation is that by reasonable use of incremental and decremental learning the proposed algorithm can adaptively adjust the size of training sets (number of SVs) according to the specific classification problem. Finally several experiments show the validity of proposed algorithm.
Socially assistive robotics [Grand Challenges of Robotics]

Socially intelligent robotics is the pursuit of creating robots capable of exhibiting natural-appearing social qualities. Beyond the basic capabilities of moving and acting autonomously, the field has focused on the use of the robot's physical embodiment to communicate and interact with users in a social and engaging manner. One of its components, socially assistive robotics, focuses on helping human users through social rather than physical interaction. Early results already demonstrate the promises of socially assistive robotics, a new interdisciplinary research area with large horizons of fascinating and much needed research. Even as socially assistive robotic technology is still in its early stages of development, the next decade promises systems that will be used in hospitals, schools, and homes in therapeutic programs that monitor, encourage, and assist their users. This is an important time in the development of the field, when the board technical community and the beneficiary populations must work together to shape the field toward its intended impact on improved human quality of life
A New Modified Circular Disc Dipole Antenna for Ultra-Wideband Systems

In this paper, we present a modified ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna for ultra-wideband applications such as Wireless Communication and WiMax systems. It consists of a two circular-disc patch fed by a 50 Omega coaxial feed line. The obtained bandwidth (SWR les 2) is about 10 GHz (from 0.650 to 10 GHz with a bandwidth ratio (1:15.4)). The radiation characteristics are as expected for dipole antennas.
A Countdown towards Solar Power at Grid Parity : Policy Analysis Based on the Evolution of Price-Performance

The price-performance of solar photovoltaic power generation systems seems to be on the verge of reaching grid parity. With this paper we examine first the effect that government sponsored renewable portfolio standard initiatives will have on the true, i.e. total, cost of solar electricity for consumers and second the degree to which the problem of meeting the consumer demand may become more significant once solar component technology reaches parity with conventional sources of electricity generation. The total costs associated with grid parity include the costs of components technologies for power generation, infrastructure expansion, ancillary services, transmission and distribution. The production costs of photovoltaic power generation systems are on track to drop over time, on the other hand the distribution and allied infrastructure costs can increase owing to daily production variation, grid congestion and long distance transmission loads as the demand for solar power grows. We create a dynamic framework based on the evolution of the total cost for assessing a set of policies that will affect the diffusion of solar power technologies.
MT Adaptation for Under-Resourced Domains - What Works and What Not

In this paper the authors present various techniques of how to achieve MT domain adaptation with limited in-domain resources. This paper gives a case study of what works and what not if one has to build a domain specific machine translation system. Systems are adapted using in-domain comparable monolingual and bilingual corpora (crawled from the Web) and bilingual terms and named entities. The authors show how to efficiently integrate terms within statistical machine translation systems, thus significantly improving upon the baseline.
The Macroeconomic Imbalance Procedure and Germany: When is a Current Account Surplus an ‘Imbalance’?

In this new Policy Brief, CEPS Director Daniel Gros argues that the 13 November announcement of the European Commission that Germany is running an excessive current account surplus appears to be much ado about little. All the Commission can, and will, do is to start an ‘in depth analysis’. This might lead to strong political reactions and an enormous echo in the media. But nothing of concrete substance is likely to follow.
Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology The Joint Null Criterion for Multiple Hypothesis Tests

Simultaneously performing many hypothesis tests is a problem commonly encountered in high-dimensional biology. In this setting, a large set of p-values is calculated from many related features measured simultaneously. Classical statistics provides a criterion for defining what a “correct” p-value is when performing a single hypothesis test. We show here that even when each p-value is marginally correct under this single hypothesis criterion, it may be the case that the joint behavior of the entire set of p-values is problematic. On the other hand, there are cases where each p-value is marginally incorrect, yet the joint distribution of the set of p-values is satisfactory. Here, we propose a criterion defining a well behaved set of simultaneously calculated p-values that provides precise control of common error rates and we introduce diagnostic procedures for assessing whether the criterion is satisfied with simulations. Multiple testing p-values that satisfy our new criterion avoid potentially large study specific errors, but also satisfy the usual assumptions for strong control of false discovery rates and family-wise error rates. We utilize the new criterion and proposed diagnostics to investigate two common issues in high-dimensional multiple testing for genomics: dependent multiple hypothesis tests and pooled versus test-specific null distributions.
Forests in Random Graphs

Let G be a graph and let I(G) be defined by I(G) = max{|F | : F is an induced forest in G}. Let d = (d1, d2, . . . , dn) be a graphic degree sequence such that d1 ≥ d2 ≥ · · · ≥ dn ≥ 1. By using the probabilistic method, we prove that if G is a graph with degree sequence d, then I(G) ≥ 2 n ∑
The effect of model misspecification on overall goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation modeling

THE EFFECT OF MODEL MISSPECIFICATION ON OVERALL GOODNESSOF-FIT INDICES FOR STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING by HESHAM F. GADELRAB December 2004 Advisor: Dr. Donald Marcotte Major: Evaluation and Research (Education) Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Evaluation of the sensitivity of SEM fit indices to violation of the assumption of correct model specification has had less attention of technical work done on SEM. The technique used mainly in the evaluation of SEM fit indices has focused on correctly specified models. Most of the previous studies in the literature are limited due to their lack of scope in terms of the number of models considered, number of fit indices evaluated, or number of replications used. The purpose of the present study was to investigate empirically the effects of degree of misspecification, misspecification type and sample size on 12 commonly used SEM fit indices derived from ML estimation method. Moreover, evidence regarding the efficacy of cutoff values of fit indices was provided (Hu & Bentler, 1998; 1999). A modified version of a widely known SEM model was used in the study as the population model. The performance of fit indices was examined over five levels of model misspecification (ranged from no error to extensively misspecified), two types of model misspecification (nonrecursive and recursive), and five sample size conditions (ranged from 100 to 2000). Findings from this study showed that power to detect nonrecursive misspecification is higher than recursive misspecification under the same Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
PPS : User Manual

– Visualize the textual input POMDP using the DOT language. – Reduce a POMDP with a parity objective, to an equivalent POMDP with a coBüchi objective (a parity objective with only 2 priorities), and visualize the POMDP. – Given a POMDP, with a coBüchi objective, it constructs its belief-observation POMDP Ĝ, and visualizes it. – Given the belief-observation POMDP Ĝ, if there exists an almost-sure winning strategy, it outputs a finite-state machine, where the states encode the memory elements, and transitions labeled by actions and observations stand for memory updates. As before the tool can visualize the finite-memory strategy.
A query optimization assistant for XPath

We demonstrate a generic and extensible cost-based optimization and execution system for XPath queries, named GeCOEX, using a comprehensive suite of query analyzing and administrative tools, named QuOAX. GeCOEX supports many different physical operator implementations and XML storage engines and is agnostic to the underlying physical data model. Its optimizer is the first generic cost-based optimizer for XPath queries that always picks the cheapest estimated plan, among a very large number of possible plans, for a wide range of XPath queries and different datasets in a very small fraction of the time required for efficient execution. The QuOAX suite provides administration tools that allow the user to add new -- or deactivate already deployed -- physical operator implementations, physical operator cost models and rewriting rules and also to make use of different XML storage and XML statistics estimators. QuOAX also provides query plan analysis and visualization tools that allow users to visualize the physical plan chosen by the optimizer or all possible generated physical plans for a given query and to execute any of those plans. QuOAX helps users to i) easily test new XPath processing techniques, comparing them directly with existing ones and identifying the situations to which they show promise, ii) improve the effectiveness of the optimizer and iii) find out the appropriate access methods or indices that are beneficial for a specific workload.
Natural epigenetic variation in bats and its role in evolution

When facing the challenges of environmental change, such as habitat fragmentation, organisms have to adjust their phenotype to adapt to various environmental stresses. Recent studies show that epigenetic modifications could mediate environmentally induced phenotypic variation, and this epigenetic variance could be inherited by future generations, indicating that epigenetic processes have potential evolutionary effects. Bats living in diverse environments show geographic variations in phenotype, and the females usually have natal philopatry, presenting an opportunity to explore how environments shape epigenetic marks on the genome and the evolutionary potential of epigenetic variance in bat populations for adaptation. We have explored the natural epigenetic diversity and structure of female populations of the great roundleaf bat (Hipposideros armiger), the least horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus pusillus) and the eastern bent-winged bat (Miniopterus fuliginosus) using a methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism technique. We have also estimated the effects of genetic variance and ecological variables on epigenetic diversification. All three bat species have a low level of genomic DNA methylation and extensive epigenetic diversity that exceeds the corresponding genetic variance. DNA sequence divergence, epigenetic drift and environmental variables contribute to the epigenetic diversities of each species. Environment-induced epigenetic variation may be inherited as a result of both mitosis and meiosis, and their potential roles in evolution for bat populations are also discussed in this review.
Degrees of School Democracy: A Holistic Framework

This article outlines an analytical framework that enables analysis of degrees of democracy in a school or other organizational setting. It is founded in a holistic conception of democracy, which is a model of working together that aspires to truth, goodness, and meaning and the participation of all. We suggest that the analytical framework can be used not only for research purposes but also to help enhance democratic professional participation. It is a resource for collaborative professional development by practitioners, offering a vehicle for school communities to reflect together on where they are as a school and where they would like to be.
Sharon - Agent based service middleware for E- governance: A systematic web examination based approach using Christina ontology

Over the past few years, semantic web service and multi agent approach has been used successfully in the development of E-governance. Such a hybrid approach can be considered as an effective approach for the development of predictive modeling in complex E-governance systems. This paper describes a novel approach for the advanced semantic web service and multi-agent based middleware to solve the problems in like Sharon MIS advanced integrated system interoperability.