Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Elevated Temperature on Pisum sativum Nodule Development: II—Phytohormonal Responses

High temperature is one of the most important factors limiting legume productivity. We have previously shown the induction of senescence in the apical part of nodules of the pea SGE line, formed by Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 3841, when they were exposed to elevated temperature (28 °C). In this study, we analyzed the potential involvement of abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, and gibberellins in apical senescence in pea nodules under elevated temperature. Immunolocalization revealed an increase in ABA and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC, the precursor of ethylene biosynthesis) levels in cells of the nitrogen fixation zone in heat-stressed nodules in 1 day of exposure compared to heat-unstressed nodules. Both ABA and ethylene appear to be involved in the earliest responses of nodules to heat stress. A decrease in the gibberellic acid (GA3) level in heat-stressed nodules was observed. Exogenous GA3 treatment induced a delay in the degradation of the nitrogen fixation zone in heat-stressed nodules. At the same time, a decrease in the expression level of many genes associated with nodule senescence, heat shock, and defense responses in pea nodules treated with GA3 at an elevated temperature was detected. Therefore, apical senescence in heat-stressed nodules is regulated by phytohormones in a manner similar to natural senescence. Gibberellins can be considered as negative regulators, while ABA and ethylene can be considered positive regulators.
Performance Analysis for Downlink Transmission in Multiconnectivity Cellular V2X Networks

With the ever-increasing number of connected vehicles in the fifth-generation mobile communication networks (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G), ensuring the reliability and high-speed demand of cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication in scenarios where vehicles are moving at high speeds poses a significant challenge. Recently, multiconnectivity technology has become a promising network access paradigm for improving network performance and reliability for C-V2X in the 5G and B5G era. To this end, this article proposes an analytical framework for the performance of downlink in multiconnectivity C-V2X networks. Specifically, by modeling the vehicles and base stations (BSs) as 1-D Poisson point processes, we first derive and analyze the joint distance distribution of multiconnectivity. Then through leveraging the tools of stochastic geometry, the coverage probability and spectral efficiency are obtained based on the previous results for general multiconnectivity cases in C-V2X. Additionally, we evaluate the effect of the path-loss exponent and the density of downlink BS on system performance indicators. We demonstrate through extensive Monte Carlo simulations that multiconnectivity technology can effectively enhance network performance in C-V2X. Our findings have important implications for the research and application of multiconnectivity C-V2X in the 5G and B5G era.
Study on Forestry Enterprise Carbon Footprint

It is generally concerned about the forests function as carbon sink,but ignored the carbon footprint generated from forest management itself.Five forestry enterprises’carbon footprint was calculated and analyzed according to the method determined by ‘GHG Protocol’published by World Business Council for Sustainable Development(WBCSF) and the World Resources Institute(WRI) and‘IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme’. The result showed that the main source of carbon emission during forestry management is forest fire and chemical use,these two types of emission sources accounted for 89.8% of the total emissions.Forestry enterprises can take some action to reduce forest fire and chemical use to reduce their own carbon footprint.
A Particle Filter based Visual Object Tracking: A Systematic Review of Current Trends and Research Challenges

—Visual object tracking is a crucial research area in computer vision because it can simulate a dynamic environment with non-linear motions and multi-modal non-Gaussian noises. However, This paper presents an overview of the recent developments in particle filter-based visual object tracking algorithms and discusses the pros and cons of particle filters, respectively. There are presentations of many different methodologies and algorithms in the research literature. The majority of visual object tracking research at present is on particle filters. In addition, the most advanced technique for visual object tracking has also been developed by combining the convolutional neural network (CNN) and the particle filter. The advantage of particle filters is that they can handle nonlinear models and non-Gaussian advancements, sequentially concentrating on the areas of the state space with higher densities, primarily parallelization, and simplicity of implementation. Despite this, it offers a robust framework for visual object tracking because it incorporates uncertainty and outperforms other filters like the Kalman filter, Kernelized correlation filter, optical filter, mean shift filter, and extended Kalman filter in recognition tests. In contrast, this study provided information on various particle filter features and classifiers.
Desain Backbone System Platform Metabase GIS Data Analysis Berbasis Cloud

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji bagaimana kualitas air dan sanitasi mempengaruhi Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) Diare di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia, menggunakan data Pendataan Potensi Desa (PODES) tahun 2021. Diare merupakan permasalahan serius dalam kesehatan masyarakat Indonesia, terutama pada kelompok anak balita, dan salah satu faktor penyebab utamanya adalah rendahnya kualitas air dan sanitasi. Dalam konteks penelitian ini, kami menerapkan metode algoritma K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) untuk mengklasifikasikan wilayah-wilayah yang mengalami KLB Diare. Hasil eksplorasi data menunjukkan variasi yang signifikan dalam jumlah kasus diare di sejumlah kabupaten dan kota yang tersebar di wilayah Jawa Barat. Untuk menangani masalah ketidakseimbangan data, kami menerapkan teknik Pengurangan Acak (Random Under Sampling), Penambahan Acak (Random Over Sampling), dan Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa model K-NN dengan penggunaan metode SMOTE menghasilkan tingkat akurasi tertinggi, yaitu sebesar 71.28%. Meskipun demikian, nilai F1 score untuk semua model cenderung rendah, yang mengindikasikan adanya tantangan dalam mengklasifikasikan wilayah-wilayah dengan KLB Diare. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan yang penting mengenai korelasi antara kualitas air, sanitasi, dan KLB Diare di Jawa Barat, serta mengidentifikasi wilayah-wilayah yang memerlukan perhatian lebih dalam upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit diare. Hasil ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk merancang program-program kesehatan yang lebih efektif di daerah-daerah dengan tingkat insiden diare yang tinggi.
Coffee, cooperatives, and choba-choba: the role of non-market labor networks in building equitable supply chains Café, cooperativas y choba-choba: el rol de las redes laborales fuera del mercado la reconstrucción de cadenas de valor equitativas

El articulo examina el problema de ventas externas en la cooperativa de cafe Oro Verde de la region Lamas al norte de Peru, que abarca tanto indigenas de Lamas (Lamista) como comunidades mestizas. Las ventas externas han sido un problema para Oro Verde en el pasado, en el que un 46% de todo el cafe producido por los miembros se vendia a los intermediarios privados durante 2007. Los miembros de la cooperativa Oro Verde hacen uso de tres practicas laborales: el trabajo conjunto basado en relaciones familiares, la mano de obra contratada y la costumbre indigena de intercambio laboral y por turnos conocida como choba-choba. La presencia de la costumbre choba-choba como reserva de trabajo no comercial compensa las imperfecciones en los mercados de trabajo y de credito. Esto mediante la reduccion de necesidades de dinero en efectivo de los productores y la satisfaccion de las alzas repentinas de demanda de trabajo. El pago en especie por el trabajo hecho tambien conlleva un menor costo de oportunidad cuando hay un involuntario desempleo local.
PERCEPTION OF SPORTS EVENTS HELD IN A PERMANENT SPORTS FACILITY: THE CASE OF THE MADRID SPORTS PALACE

The aims of this study were to analyse perceptions regarding the sporting events held in the Madrid Sports Palace and to analyse whether those perceptions vary by age or gender. One hundred and ninetyfive residents answered the Ntloko and Swart (2008) questionnaire. The dimensions most highly rated were economic benefits (3.9±0.8), the event as a regional showcase (3.6±0.7), and the event as entertainment (3.4±0.6). However, the respondents did not agree with the negative environmental impact (2.0±0.8). Men rated the use of public money (z=2.4; p<.05) and the regional showcase (z=2.0 p<.05) more positively than women. Finally, women rated the increase in prices (z=2.0; p<.05) more highly than men. The age groups differed significantly only regarding the promotion of community pride. Seniors and middle-aged adults rated it more positively than young adults (χ 2 (2)=9.9; p<. 01). The fact that in an urban sports facility regular sporting events take place on a regular basis means that there are diverse perceptions, though mainly positive, and those perceptions differ from the perceptions about mega events that take place once in a life time at temporary sports facilities.
Deep Speech Recognition System Based on AutoEncoder-GAN for Biometric Access Control

—Speech recognition-based biometric access control systems are promising solutions that have resolved many issues related to security and convenience. Speech recognition, as a biometric modality, offers unique advantages such as user-friendliness and non-intrusiveness, etc. However, developing robust and accurate speaker identification and authentication systems pose challenges due to variations in speech patterns and environmental factors. Integrating deep learning techniques, especially AutoEncoder and Generative Adversarial Network models, has shown promising results in addressing these challenges. This article presents a novel approach based on the combination of two deep learning models, namely, AE and GAN for speech recognition-based biometric access control. In the model architecture, the AutoEncoder takes the MFCC coefficients as input, and the encoder converts the latter to the latent space, whereas the decoder reconstructs the data. Then, speech features extracted from the latent space are used in the GAN generator to generate additional speech data. The discriminator network has a dual role, serving as both a feature extractor and a classifier. The first extracts relevant features from generated samples, while the latter distinguishes between generated and authentic samples that come from AutoEncoder. This strategy outperforms DNN and LSTM models on VoxCeleb 2, LibriSpeech, and Aishell-1 datasets. The models are trained to minimize Mean Squared Error (MSE) for both the generator and discriminator, aiming at achieving highly realistic datasets and a robust, interpretable model. This approach addresses challenges in feature extraction, data augmentation, realistic biometric samples generation, data variability handling, and data generalization enhancement, providing therefore, a comprehensive solution.
Enhancing Style Transfer with GANs: Perceptual Loss and Semantic Segmentation

— The goal of artistic style translation is to combine an image's substance with an equivalent image's spirit of innovation. Current approaches are unable to consistently capture complex stylistic elements and maintain uniform stylization over semantic segments, which results in artefacts. Also suggest a novel approach which blends subjective loss algorithms using deep networks of neurons with segmentation using semantics to address these issues. By guaranteeing contextually-aware design distribution together with information preservation, the combination improves general aesthetic correctness during the styling transmission process. With this technique, perceptive components are extracted using both the subject matter and the style photos using previously trained deep neural systems. These components combine to provide perceptive loss coefficients, which are subsequently included into the design of a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). For offering the representation a better grasp of the meaning contained in any given image, an automatic segmenting module is subsequently implemented. This historical data directs the style transferring process, producing an additional precise and sophisticated transition. The outcomes of our experiments confirm the efficacy of this method and demonstrate improved visual accuracy over earlier approaches. The use of semantic segmentation and loss of perceptual information algorithms together provide a significant 95.6% improvement in visual accuracy. This method effectively overcomes the drawbacks of earlier approaches, providing precise and trustworthy transference of style and constituting a noteworthy advancement in the field of imaginative style transfer. The final output graphics further demonstrate the importance of the recommended approach by deftly integrating decorative elements into functionally significant places.
The parti-coloured bat Vespertilio murinus in Rīga (Latvia) during autumn and winter

The parti-coloured bat is a migratory species for which long-distance movements have been documented from North-eastern to Central Europe. Records in autumn and winter suggest that some populations in northern Europe may be sedentary. During the mating period, male parti-coloured bats can be observed in cities, emitting loud and audible advertisement calls near high buildings. The aim of this study was to determine whether parti-coloured bats currently mate and hibernate in Rīga, the capital of Latvia. High buildings in 13 districts were visited to locate displaying males. Display activity was studied at one site by means of acoustic recording. Displaying males were observed in two districts from late September until early November. Records of parti-coloured bats in December and April confirm that this species hibernates in Rīga. The parti-coloured bats most likely arrive from distant locations, since this species is considered to be rare in Rīga during the breeding period.
Decoding the role of platelets in tumour metastasis: enigmatic accomplices and intricate targets for anticancer treatments

The canonical role of platelets as central players in cardiovascular disease by way of their fundamental role in mediating thrombosis and haemostasis is well appreciated. However, there is now a large body of experimental evidence demonstrating that platelets are also pivotal in various physiological and pathophysiological processes other than maintaining haemostasis. Foremost amongst these is the emerging data highlighting the key role of platelets in driving cancer growth, metastasis and modulating the tumour microenvironment. As such, there is significant interest in targeting platelets therapeutically for the treatment of cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide an overview of how platelets contribute to the cancer landscape and why platelets present as valuable targets for the development of novel cancer diagnosis tools and therapeutics.
MEETING AICHI TARGET 11: WHAT DOES SUCCESS LOOK LIKE FOR PROTECTED AREA SYSTEMS?

The Convention on Biological Diversity Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 was adopted at the 10th Conference of the Parties in Nagoya, Japan. The plan outlines 20 Aichi Targets to achieve global biodiversity conservation. A fundamental global approach to biodiversity conservation is the use of protected areas. Arguably all 20 Aichi Targets have implications for the establishment and management of protected areas, but only Target 11 addresses them directly. This paper carries out a clause by clause analysis of Target 11 and makes recommendations to countries on interpreting each clause in order to best achieve biodiversity conservation using protected areas. Despite containing only 61 words, Target 11 is surprisingly dense. It applies to both marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and sets goals for spatial planning (representiveness, ecological connectivity and areas of importance for biodiversity); protected areas management (including management effectiveness and social equity); and criteria about what counts toward being a protected area under Target 11. We argue for a holistic interpretation of Target 11 as a way for the global community to use protected areas to change the current unacceptable trends in global biodiversity loss. Arguably all 20 Aichi Targets have implications for the establishment and management of protected areas, but only Target 11 addresses them directly. Protected areas are a tried and tested approach to nature conservation. For centuries they have been created and managed by local communities, indigenous peoples, governments and private organizations. They remain one of the most diverse and adaptable management and institutional tools for achieving conservation. Their effectiveness can be measured, evaluated and enhanced. In addition to conserving nature, protected areas are critical for a range
Effects of the traction-free surface with a rugged topography on seismic wave propagation: Numerical modelling

Understanding the impact of rugged topography on seismic data provides a means to design strategy to reduce or eliminate these effects from the seismic data. In this paper, the effect of rugged topography on synthetic seismic data is studied by using a finite-difference method with a velocity-stress staggered algorithm. Based on the FD algorithm, the imaging and vacuum methods are used to simulate the elastic wave propagation in flat and rugged traction-free interfaces for both acoustic and elastic models. Seismic waves in heterogeneous media with a rugged topography are numerically simulated, and the properties of the P- wave, S- wave, and Rayleigh wave along the topography are discussed. Shear waves, surface waves and their scattered events along the topographic surface are major contributions to the scattered energy propagating with slow velocities. Furthermore, effects of the topography on the synthetic seismic data are eliminated effectively by employing our proposed method based on full elastic wave theory. For removing the scattered waves from a near surface topography, the numerical simulation demonstrated that our method, taking into account shear and surface waves such as Rayleigh and Love waves, as well as P-waves, is very effective for synthetic data, provided the properties of the near surface with a rugged topography are known.
Analysis of determining factors on community structure of soil bacteria in volcano ash soil (Kanto Loam) farming field using PCR-DGGE method

Soil bacteria were analyzed to discuss factors affecting structure and diversity of their community in two farming fields with different soil types (red loam and Andosol) originated from volcano ash soil, Kanto Loam, in Japan. Soybean, barley and maize were grown in rotation with different fertilization from 2007 to 2008. The bacterial 16S rDNA sequences extracted from the individual soil sample was amplified by PCR and detected by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Similarity of bacterial community structure among the samples was analyzed by principal component (PC) analysis on the detected DNA band patterns. The crop species affected much on the detected band patterns. The largest number of bands was detected from maize soil, suggesting high diversity of bacterial species in the community, while the smallest number of bands was from soybean soil. Mapping of the soil samples by the PC1, PC2 and PC3 also demonstrated the clear differences in structure of bacterial communities among three crop species. In maize and barley, growth stage of crops was the primary major factor determining the structure of bacterial communities, and the soil type was the second one. In soybean soil, the band pattern was rather stable comparing with maize and barley. The effects of fertilization were not obvious in any crops. The results indicate that the large effects of plant species in crop rotation and their growth stages have large effects on the communities of soil bacteria, while there also were rhizosphere effects.
Nutrient and Rumen Fermentation Studies of Indian Pasture Legumes for Sustainable Animal Feed Utilisation in Semiarid Areas

Simple Summary This research addresses the challenge of understanding the nutritional value of 16 Indian legume plants (5 annual and 11 perennial) for animal feed. The lack of comprehensive knowledge on their specific contributions and potential combinations for optimal animal nutrition poses a problem. The main objective is to assess the nutritive value, dry matter, mineral content and fermentation characteristics of these legumes. The study aims to fill the gaps in our understanding, exploring differences in protein, fibre and energy content among legumes. Additionally, it investigates gas and methane production to identify environmentally friendly options. The goal is to provide insights into how these legumes can be effectively combined, offering a scientific foundation for improving animal feeding practices in a sustainable and efficient manner. Abstract This study evaluated 5 annual and 11 perennial Indian pasture legumes species for their nutritive value, dry matter and mineral contents and in vitro fermentation parameters. Legume species differed significantly (p < 0.05) in various nutritional aspects such as organic matter, crude protein (CP), ether extract, fibres and protein fractions. Perennial Clitoria ternateaa had higher (p < 0.05) buffer soluble protein (477), while neutral detergent soluble protein was highest in annually grown Lablab purpureus (420 g/kg CP). Atylosia scarabaeoides (AS) had higher levels of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) (392 g/kg dry matter (DM)) than structural carbohydrates (SC) (367 g/kg DM). Its rapidly degradable fraction (51.7 g/kg (total carbohydrate) tCHO) was lower (p < 0.05) than other fractions of carbohydrates. Total digestible nutrients, digestible energy and metabolisable energy varied, with Desmodium virgatus (DV) having higher values and Stylosanthas seabrana (SSe) having the lowest. Predicted dry matter intake, digestible dry matter and relative feed value also showed significant differences (p < 0.05). Annual grasses such as Dolichos biflorus, Macroptilium atropurpureum, Rhynchosia minima (RM) were found to be better balanced with micro minerals. In vitro dry matter degradability, partition factor, short-chain fatty acids and microbial protein production of legumes varied significantly (p < 0.05). Gas and CH4 production (mL/g and mL/g (digestible DM) DDM) also varied, with Clitoria ternatea-blue having the highest gas production and C. ternatea -white (CT-w) and AS having lower CH4 production. Methane in total gas was low for DV, RM and CT-w (8.99%, 9.72% and 9.51%). Loss of DE and ME as CH4 varied (p < 0.05) among the legumes. Each legume offers unique benefits, potentially allowing for tailored combinations of annual and perennial legumes to optimize rumen feed efficiency.