Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A sharp Cartesian method for incompressible flows with large density ratios

A new Cartesian method for bifluid incompressible flows with high density ratios is presented. The specificity of the method relies on a sharp second order numerical scheme for the spatial resolution of the discontinuous elliptic problem for the pressure. The Navier-Stokes equations are integrated in time thanks to a fractional step method based on the Chorin scheme and discretized in space on a Cartesian mesh. The bifluid interface is implicitly represented using a level set function. The numerical tests show the improvements due to this sharp method compared to classical first order methods.
Life Distributions of Coherent Dependent Systems

In analysing reliability characteristics of multicomponent systems it is rational to assume in many cases that component life lengths are positively or negatively interdependent. This positive interdependence may be due to common environmental and incidental stresses, functional dependence on common sources of energy, 'mechanical sticking of assemblies' etc. Multivariate parametric families of distributions which have been proposed and studied (incompletely) to describe joint random variations of component failure times are multivariate generalisations of exponential, weibull, gamma and normal distributions. Although several useful results characterising life distributions of coherent systems of independent components have already been obtained (Barlow and Proschan, 1975), very little is yet known about dependent systems even of two components. Downton (1970) has worked out probability distributions, means and variances of the life of a series and a parallel system for the bivariate exponential (BVE) distribution arising out of the 'successive damage model' proposed by him as well for the one arising out of the 'shock model' due to Marshall and Olkin (1967) . An easily tractable form of the BVE distribution, proposed by Morgenstern (1956) and studied by Gumbel (1960) has the p.d. f.
Communications of the Association for Information Systems Communications of the Association for Information Systems

: In the financial services industry, many people assume blockchain to have significant impacts. From research and practice, we observe two main paradigms of how organizations interact with blockchain. First, organizations use blockchain to optimize existing processes (blockchain-based business process optimization (BPO)). Second, organizations use blockchain to disrupt existing processes, foster disintermediation, and enable disruptive business models (blockchain-based business process disruption (BPD)). However, we lack scientific research that evaluates its de facto potential. We bridge this gap by following a design science research approach to design blockchain-based business process re-engineering (BPRE) for a letter of credit that combines the advantages of BPO and BPD. We conduct three design cycles and develop three artefacts: a BPO, a BPD, and a BPRE approach. Our BPRE approach combines the advantages of partial disintermediation (i.e., increased efficiency and transparency) with the advantages of intermediaries (i.e., process flexibility, liquidity provision, and dispute mediation).
Estimating a collective household model with survey data on financial satisfaction

A semiconductor device comprises an N-type semiconductor substrate, a first P-type well formed in the semiconductor substrate, a second P-type well formed adjacent to the first P-type well in the semiconductor substrate, the surface impurity concentration of the second P-type well being set lower than that of the first P-type well, a DRAM memory cell structure formed in the first P-type well, and an MOS transistor structure formed in the second P-type well to function in combination with the memory cell structure.
The PAU Survey & Euclid : Improving broad-band photometric redshifts with multi-task learning *

Current and future imaging surveys require photometric redshifts (photo-z ) to be estimated for millions of galaxies. Improving the photo-z quality is a major challenge to advance our understanding of cosmology. In this paper, we explore how the synergies between narrow-band photometric data and large imaging surveys can be exploited to improve broad-band photometric redshifts. We use a multi-task learning (MTL) network to improve broad-band photo-z estimates by simultaneously predicting the broad-band photo-z and the narrow-band photometry from the broad-band photometry. The narrow-band photometry is only required in the training ﬁeld, which enables better photo-z predictions also for the galaxies without narrow-band photometry in the wide ﬁeld. This technique is tested with data from the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS) in the COSMOS ﬁeld. We ﬁnd that the method predicts photo-z that are 14% more precise down to magnitude i AB < 23, while reducing the outlier rate by 40% with respect to the baseline network mapping broad-band colours to only photo-z s. Furthermore, MTL signiﬁcantly reduces the photo-z bias for high-redshift galaxies, improving the redshift distributions for tomographic bins with z > 1. Applying this technique to deeper samples is crucial for future surveys like Euclid or LSST. For simulated data, training on a sample with i AB < 23, the method reduces the photo-z scatter by 15% for all galaxies with 24 < i AB < 25. We also study the e ﬀ ects of extending the training sample with photometric galaxies using PAUS high-precision photo-z s, which further reduces the photo-z scatter.
University of Huddersfield Repository Integration of Real and Virtual Light Sources in Augmented Reality Worlds

—A number of issues need to be taken into consideration for the output of an augmented reality application to appear realistic. Such issues include the level of detail of the virtual scene, the accuracy of alignment between the two worlds and the correspondence of illumination between the real and virtual components. This paper reviews registration techniques used to perform the alignment process and discusses a research project that investigates methods matching light conditions. Although a number of registration techniques exist, feature based registration has not yet achieved popularity within production environments because of the associated difficulties. Instead, fiducial marker based systems are being implemented for their robustness and ease of implementation. Further work to be undertaken is discussed towards the end of the paper.
EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ); Scientific Opinion on on the development of a risk ranking framework on biological hazards

The risk ranking exercises related to biological hazards undertaken in fourteen risk assessments of the EFSA/BIOHAZ Panel were reviewed. The aim was to suggest risk ranking tools to be used in future risk assessments and to analyse strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to risk ranking. It was concluded that there is no universal methodology for risk ranking. A conceptual risk ranking framework with nine separate stages is proposed to allow the adoption of the appropriate risk ranking methodology at each stage. Further, nine risk ranking tools developed by other institutions worldwide were described, although none of these could be recommended as the single risk ranking tool for the BIOHAZ Panel. It is recommended that the risk ranking exercise should take a structured approach and be transparently and consistently documented so to be reproducible. The importance of the proper correspondence between the time frame and the requirements of the risk ranking exercise was stressed as well as the interaction between the risk managers and the risk assessors in the definition of the risk ranking purpose and the presentation of the results. Furthermore the development of a risk ranking toolbox based on the proposed framework should be investigated, since such a toolbox would support the construction of consistent and transparent risk ranking models. © European Food Safety Authority, 2012
Aggressive behavior and its associated factors among persons with mental illness: An observational study

BACKGROUND: Aggressive behavior of psychiatric inpatients causes severe complications during treatment; nursing staff needs to understand the factors associated with aggression in inpatient units to prevent aggression. AIM: This study aimed to examine the level of aggression and its associated factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive observational design was conducted among aggressive patients. An aggressive behavior event was observed during the aggression episode. Data were collected from 55 patients with aggressive behavior using the Staff Observation Aggression Scale-Revised (SOAS-R) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Patient-, staff-, and ward-related factors were assessed using a structured questionnaire. RESULTS: About 69% of patients had a severe level of aggressive behavior. There was a significant association between gender, the severity of symptoms, staff-to-patient ratio, ward milieu, and the number of caregivers with levels of aggression. CONCLUSION: The majority of the persons with mental illness exhibited severe aggression in a psychiatric setting. Being male, the presence of psychotic symptoms, ward milieu, staff-to-patient ratio, and availability of caregivers were significantly associated with aggression. This study adds to the existing literature by focusing on managing ward-related factors (avoiding noise and overcrowding) to prevent aggressive behavior among mentally ill patients.
Genome-Wide Linkage and Association Analysis Identifies Major Gene Loci for Guttural Pouch Tympany in Arabian and German Warmblood Horses

Equine guttural pouch tympany (GPT) is a hereditary condition affecting foals in their first months of life. Complex segregation analyses in Arabian and German warmblood horses showed the involvement of a major gene as very likely. Genome-wide linkage and association analyses including a high density marker set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were performed to map the genomic region harbouring the potential major gene for GPT. A total of 85 Arabian and 373 German warmblood horses were genotyped on the Illumina equine SNP50 beadchip. Non-parametric multipoint linkage analyses showed genome-wide significance on horse chromosomes (ECA) 3 for German warmblood at 16–26 Mb and 34–55 Mb and for Arabian on ECA15 at 64–65 Mb. Genome-wide association analyses confirmed the linked regions for both breeds. In Arabian, genome-wide association was detected at 64 Mb within the region with the highest linkage peak on ECA15. For German warmblood, signals for genome-wide association were close to the peak region of linkage at 52 Mb on ECA3. The odds ratio for the SNP with the highest genome-wide association was 0.12 for the Arabian. In conclusion, the refinement of the regions with the Illumina equine SNP50 beadchip is an important step to unravel the responsible mutations for GPT.
On Optimal Allocation of Experimental Units with Known Covariates into Multiple Treatment Groups

Finding the optimal design for allocating two or more treatments to a fixed group of experimental units with several known covariates is an important problem in many studies. With the objective of efficient estimation of the treatment effect or the covariate effects or both with regard to the well-known D- and or A- D s - and A s - optimalities, as well as some other robustness criteria, Hore et al.[1] considered this allocation problem in case of two treatments. In the present article, the method has been extended to r(≥2) treatments and the proposed design has been compared with several other allocation rules available in the literature including the most popular one, the randomized allocation rule. It is to be noted that finding the exact optimal allocation design with the above objective is computationally intractable in case of large number of experimental units having information on multiple covariates. By generalizing the algorithm of Hore et al.[1], a near-optimum allocation design may be obtained with less computational burden. Some simulation studies and real life data analysis have been undertaken to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm in comparison with others for the case of multiple treatments.
on Intelligent Manufacturing and Automation , DAAAM 2014 Homonyms and Synonyms in NOK Method

Knowledge representation is one of the areas covered by artificial intelligence. Method Nodes of Knowledge (NOK) is one of the methods which allows a graphical representation and organization of knowledge in the form of a DNOK diagram (Diagram of Nodes Of Knowledge) as a network of nodes. With this diagram the meaning of sentences is preserved. The problem occurs when words that have synonyms or homonyms, and whose meaning depends on the context, appear in the sentence which is being modeled. Every term used in modeling sentences is written in a dictionary, including homonyms and synonyms. This paper presents a metamodel mode of writing homonyms and synonyms into the dictionary from which words are used for modeling. This demonstrates that the NOK method can be applied to modeling dictionaries of natural languages. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of DAAAM International Vienna.
on Intelligent Manufacturing and Automation , 2013 A Fast Distributed Focused-Web Crawling

Mining data from a web database becomes more challenging in recent years due to the exploding size of data, the rising of dynamic web, and the increasing performance of web security. Mining data from a web database differs from mining data from web sites because it is intended to collect specific data from a single web site. Collecting a very large data in a limited time tends to be detected as a cyber attack and will be banned from connecting into the web server. To avoid the problem, this paper proposes a crawling method to mine web database faster and cheaper than conventional web crawlers. The method used is to run hundreds of threads from a single web crawler in a single computer and to distribute the threads into hundreds or thousands publicly available proxy servers. This web crawler strategy highly increases the speed of mining and is more secure than using single thread of web crawler. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of DAAAM International Vienna.
Exact learning of first-order expressions from queries

This thesis studies the complexity of learning logical expressions in the model of Exact Learning from Membership and Equivalence Queries. The focus is on Horn expressions in first order logic but results for propositional logic are also derived. The thesis includes several contributions towards characterizing the complexity of learning in these contexts. First, a new algorithm for learning first order Horn expressions is presented and proved correct. The algorithm improves on previous work in two ways. It can learn a larger class of expressions than previously known, and its query and time complexity improve on previous algorithms. In particular the algorithm can learn both the class of range-restricted expressions, and the class of constrained expressions, which were previously considered in the literature. Second, the thesis includes several lower bound results and techniques studying the optimal complexity of these learning problems, thus trying to identify whether it is possible to improve over the complexity of our algorithm. We study the VC Dimension of Horn expressions, a tool that gives lower bounds on query complexity in our model. Our results characterize exactly the VC Dimension of Horn expressions, providing the best lower bound possible using this technique. This technique leaves a gap to the upper bound provided by our algorithm. Our analysis also highlights problematic aspects of measuring learning complexity in first order logic that have been ignored in previous work. We study the Certificate Size, a tool that characterizes the query complexity of learning in our model. Our results give certificate constructions for several classes of important propositional expressions, including Horn CNF expressions. We also show that any certificate for a slight generalization of Horn CNF expressions, the class of renamable Horn CNF expressions, is of exponential size, thus showing that this class is not efficiently learnable. Finally, we study the lattice structure induced by generality relations in first order logic expressions, and derive some conclusions for learning complexity in more restricted scenarios.
Neutrophil CD64 as a Diagnostic Marker of Sepsis: Impact on Neonatal Care

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of neutrophil CD64 in identifying infected infants and to evaluate the impact of this marker on clinical care. Study Design Neutrophil CD64 index was incorporated in 371 infection evaluations in 234 infants (ages 1–293 days) from 2005 to 2009 and the impact of this change on clinical care was evaluated. Results The sensitivity of the neutrophil CD64 assay was 87% in identifying 31 episodes of culture positive sepsis and 83% in identifying 12 infants with ventilator-associated pneumonia. There was no difference in the mean number of antibiotic days in infants with a normal CD64 versus those with a normal complete blood count (CBC) (p = 0.89), but twofold more infants were identified as “not infected” by CD64 than by CBC. Conclusion CD64 had a high sensitivity for identifying infected infants while also decreasing the number of infants that were exposed to unnecessary antibiotic use.
Place Branding Approach within Functional Urban Areas—Evidence from Poland

As people’s mobility increases, the places they inhabit are also changing, resulting, among other things, in the creation of commuter zones. The existence of such areas has contributed to the development of the concept of functional urban areas (FUAs). Such units quickly began to gain relevance on a global scale, triggering the issue of differentiating themselves from other such areas in pursuit of residents, tourists, and investors. This issue is intertwined with branding and, since FUAs are territorial units, the issue of place branding. The aim of this study was to identify the degree of involvement of Polish FUAs in marketing and place-branding activities. In this way, the following research problem has been formulated: what is FUAs’ approach to territorial marketing and place branding? A qualitative method was chosen to achieve the stated objective. Given that the adaptation of the concept of place branding in relation to FUAs is at an early stage, the exploratory nature of qualitative research was utilized in the form of in-depth interviews. The interviews were conducted between April and June 2021 among employees representing 15 FUAs in Poland. The results suggest that there is a diverse understanding of the issue of place branding but also a noticeable need to conduct extensive marketing activities. All areas pointed to the basic principle of introducing a place branding policy that is applicable in their areas, namely, responding and reacting efficiently to emerging social and economic challenges.
Allogenic mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus: a pilot clinical study

Objective To determine the safety and efficacy of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation (MSCT) in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods A total of 15 patients with persistently active SLE underwent MSCT. Outcome was evaluated by changes in the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI), serological features (anti-nuclear antibodies and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA)), renal function and percentage of peripheral blood regulatory T cells. Results From 11 March 2007 to 4 November 2008, 15 patients with persistently active SLE were enrolled and underwent MSCT. The mean follow-up period was 17.2±9.5 months. A total of 13 patients have been followed for more than 12 months. All patients clinically improved following treatment with mesenchymal stem cells with a marked decrease in the SLEDAI score and 24 h proteinuria. At 12-month follow-up, SLEDAI scores decreased from 12.2±3.3 to 3.2±2.8 and proteinuria decreased from 2505.0±1323.9 to 858.0±800.7 mg/24 h (all p<0.05, by paired t test, n=12). At 1-year follow-up in 13 patients, 2 had a relapse of proteinuria, while the other 11 continue to have decreased disease activity on minimal treatment. Anti-dsDNA levels decreased. Improvement in glomerular filtration rate was noted in two patients in which formal testing was performed. Non-renal-related manifestations also improved significantly. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion Allogeneic MSCT in patients with refractory lupus resulted in amelioration of disease activity, improvement in serological markers and stabilisation of renal function. MSCT appears beneficial in treatment of patients with SLE refractory to conventional treatment options.
Probing insect backscatter cross section and melanization using kHz optical remote detection system

Abstract. A kHz optical remote sensing system is implemented to determine insect melanization features. This is done by measuring the backscatter signal in the visible and near-infrared (VIS-NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) in situ. It is shown that backscatter cross section in the SWIR is insensitive to melanization and absolute melanization can be derived from the ratio of backscatter cross section of different bands (SWIR/VIS-NIR). We have shown that reflectance from insect is stronger in the SWIR as compared to NIR and VIS. This reveals that melanization plays a big role to determine backscatter cross section. One can use this feature as a tool to improve insect species and age classification. To support the findings, we illustrated melanization feature using three different insects [dead, dried specimens of snow white moth (Spilosoma genus), fox moth (Macrothylacia), and leather beetle (Odontotaenius genus)]. It is shown that reflectance from the leather beetle in the VIS and NIR is more affected by melanization as compared with snow white moth.
A scaling limit theorem for a class of superdiffusions

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Inflation Dynamics in the Euro Area and the Role of Expectations

This paper examines the empirical performance of the New Keynesian Phillips curve and its hybrid specification in the euro area. Instead of imposing rational expectations, direct measures, i.e. OECD forecasts, are used as empirical proxies for economic agents’ inflation expectations. Real marginal costs are proxied by three alternative measures. The results suggest that once the rational expectations hypothesis is relaxed and directly measured expectations are used, the European inflation process can be modeled using the forward-looking New Keynesian Phillips curve. However, when allowing for possible non-rationalities in expectations, inflation can be modeled more accurately by the hybrid Phillips curve with the additional lagged inflation term. In this approach, output gap turns out to be at least as good as labor income share as a proxy for real marginal cost. Moreover, the inflation process seems to have become more forward-looking in the recent years of low and stable inflation.