Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dispersion of a solute in peristaltic motion of a couple stress fluid through a porous medium

The paper presents an analytical solution for dispersion of a solute in the peristaltic motion of a couple stress fluid through a porous medium in the presence of both homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions. The average effective dispersion coefficient has been found using Taylor's limiting condition and long wavelength approximation. The effects of various relevant parameters on the average coefficient of dispersion have been studied. The average effective dispersion coefficient increases with permeability parameter but decreases with homogeneous chemical reaction rate parameter, couple stress parameter and heterogeneous reaction rate parameter.
Embedded multibeam sonar feature extraction for online AUV control

For development of an intelligent unmanned autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), sensor data needs to be processed online for navigation and mission planning. In this work, we suggest a complete workflow and a processing chain to retrieve multibeam sonar data for AUV control. Our approach is based on the well-known image processing library OpenCV which provides sophisticated image recognition algorithms. We implement a processing chain for feature extraction on multibeam sonar acoustic image which retrieves contours of objects and coordinate points of the contours. Coordinate points are discrete data which can be easily processed further with additional algorithms. E.g. size of objects can be determined with the coordinate points or an expert system can classify objects with help of the coordinate points. Our solution will be embedded in an online control of an AUV. We evaluate the performance of our feature extraction approach using pre-recorded sonar data.
Adeno-Associated Virus Site-Specific Integration Is Mediated by Proteins of the Nonhomologous End-Joining Pathway

ABSTRACT Adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV 2) is the only eukaryotic virus capable of site-specific integration; the target site is at chromosome 19q13.4, a site termed AAVS1. The biology of AAV latency has been extensively studied in cell culture, yet the precise mechanism and the required cellular factors are not known. In this study, we assessed the relative frequencies of stable site-specific integration by characterization of cell clones containing integrated AAV vectors. By this assay, two proteins involved in nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), DNAPKcs and ligase IV, exhibit differential effects on AAV site-specific integration. DNAPKcs is not required; its presence increases the frequency of junction formation indicative of site-specific integration, but seems to reduce the ratio of site-specific integration to random integration (i.e., the latter is even more enhanced). In contrast, site-specific integration is significantly reduced relative to random integration in cells deficient in ligase IV expression. Furthermore, we show that single-stranded AAV vectors are better substrates for site-specific integration than are self-complementary AAV vectors; the absence of DNAPKcs did not affect the targeted integration of these double-stranded AAV vectors. Together, these data suggest that NHEJ proteins participate in site-specific integration, and indicate a role for the single-stranded form of AAV DNA in targeted integration.
Integration of InSAR Time-Series Analysis and Water-Vapor Correction for Mapping Postseismic Motion After the 2003 Bam (Iran) Earthquake

Atmospheric water-vapor effects represent a major limitation of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) techniques, including InSAR time-series (TS) approaches (e.g., persistent or permanent scatterers and small-baseline subset). For the first time, this paper demonstrates the use of InSAR TS with precipitable water-vapor (InSAR TS + PWV) correction model for deformation mapping. We use MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) near-infrafred (NIR) water-vapor data for InSAR atmospheric correction when they are available. For the dates when the NIR data are blocked by clouds, an atmospheric phase screen (APS) model has been developed to estimate atmospheric effects using partially water-vapor-corrected interferograms. Cross validation reveals that the estimated APS agreed with MERIS-derived line-of-sight path delays with a small standard deviation (0.3-0.5 cm) and a high correlation coefficient (0.84-0.98). This paper shows that a better TS of postseismic motion after the 2003 Bam (Iran) earthquake is achievable after reduction of water-vapor effects using the InSAR TS + PWV technique with coincident MERIS NIR water-vapor data.
The Dark Side of Relationship Pursuit: From Attraction to Obsession and Stalking

Contents: Preface. The Evolution of Relationship Intimacy and Intrusion. The Pursuit of Ordinary Relationships. The Topography of Unwanted Pursuit. Explaining Unwanted Pursuit. Managing Unwanted Pursuit. Appendices: Short-Form Measures of Obsessive Relational Intrusion and Coping. Primary Studies Included in Research Summary. Raw Items for the Unwanted Pursuit Motivation Typology. Coded Stalking and Unwanted Pursuit Tactics. Measure of Symptoms Due to ORI and Stalking. Prevalence of Symptoms Across 35 Studies of Stalking and ORI Victimization. Typology of Stalking and Unwanted Pursuit Coping Strategies and Tactics.
Fair threshold decryption with semi-trusted third parties

A threshold decryption scheme is a multi-party public key cryptosystem that allows any sufficiently large subset of participants to decrypt a ciphertext, but disallows the decryption otherwise. Many threshold cryptographic schemes have been proposed so far, but fairness is not generally considered in this earlier work. In this paper, we present fair threshold decryption schemes, where either all of the participants can decrypt or none of them can. Our solutions employ semi-trusted third parties (STTP) and off-line semi-trusted third parties (OTTP) previously used for fair exchange. We consider a number of variants of our schemes to address realistic alternative trust scenarios. Although we describe our schemes using a simple hashed version of ElGamal encryption, our methods generalize to other threshold decryption schemes and threshold signature schemes as well.
Perceptual and mental mixtures in odor and in taste: are there similarities and differences between experiments or between modalities? Reply to Schifferstein (1997)

D. Algom and W. S. Cain (1991b) found relative invariance in the pattern of judgments of perceptual and mental mixtures of banana and grass odors. Invariance held both for judgments of total intensity and for those of an individual constituent. For 2 tastes, H. N. J. Schifferstein (1997) found a pattern with both similarities to and differences from D. Algom and W. S. Cain's. A key difference lay in finding more symmetry of masking in mental mixtures than in perceptual mixtures. H. N. J. Schifferstein concluded from this alone that any similarity between the perceptual and mental arose from knowledge of "mixture suppression. " The authors of this article do not refute the possibility; however, they reject the premise that a statistically reliable difference between the perceptual and the imaginal rules out imagery. The authors review relevant considerations and find no a priori reason to assume that what held for attributes in taste will hold for odors. An approach to resolve the issue is also suggested.
How Many Teacher Performance Criteria Should There Be

EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Academic Achievement; Correlation; Decision Making; *Evaluation Criteria; Field Tests; Generalizability Theory; Junior High Schools; Merit Pay; *Minimum Competency Testing; Pretests Posttests; Regression (Statistics); Science Education; Scores; Teacher Certification; Teacher Effectiveness; *Teacher Evaluation; Teacher Qualifications; *Test Reliability; *Test Validity IDENTIFIERS *Georgia; Group Assessment of Logical Thinking; Middle Grades Integrated Process Skill Test; Teacher Effectiveness Index; *Teacher Performance Assessment Instruments
Bayesian Reasoning in an Abductive Mechanism for Argument Generation and Analysis

Our argumentation system, NAG, uses Bayesian networks in a user model and in a normative model to assemble and assess arguments which balance persuasiveness with normative correctness. Attentional focus is simulated in both models to select relevant subnetworks for Bayesian propagation. The subnetworks are expanded in an iterative abductive process until argumentative goals are achieved in both models, when the argument is presented to the user.
Succeed or else!: Reflections on the 50th anniversary of the Journal of Educational Administration

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the key individuals, associations and significant events contributing to the establishment and first 50 years of successful publication of the Journal of Educational Administration.Design/methodology/approach – This paper is historical in design. Information relevant to its 50 years of publication has been obtained from the JEA's 172 Editorials and from minutes of Editorial Advisory Board and Management Committee meetings, supplemented by personal editorial memoranda.Findings – Recognised as one of the leading generalist international journals in its field, the Journal of Educational Administration has until recently been edited in Australia. The most eminent international scholars in the field have published in the JEA throughout its lifetime. Esteemed scholars have also occupied positions on its Editorial Board. The JEA has enjoyed close and supportive associations with several prominent professional organisations including UCEA and CCEA.Research limita.
Finding orthogonal vectors in discrete structures

Hopcroft's problem in d dimensions asks: given n points and n hyperplanes in Rd, does any point lie on any hyperplane? Equivalently, if we are given two sets of n vectors each in Rd+1, is there a pair of vectors (one from each set) that are orthogonal? This problem has a long history and a multitude of applications. It is widely believed that for large d, the problem is subject to the curse of dimensionality: all known algorithms need at least f(d) · n2-1/O(d) time for fast-growing functions f, and at the present time there is little hope that a n2-e · poly(d) time algorithm will be found. We consider Hopcroft's problem over finite fields and integers modulo composites, leading to both surprising algorithms and hardness reductions. The algorithms arise from studying the communication problem of determining whether two lists of vectors (one list held by Alice, one by Bob) contain an orthogonal pair of vectors over a discrete structure (one from each list). We show the randomized communication complexity of the problem is closely related to the sizes of matching vector families, which have been studied in the design of locally decodable codes. Letting HOPCROFTR denote Hopcroft's problem over a ring R, we give randomized algorithms and almost matching lower bounds (modulo a breakthrough in SAT algorithms) for HOPCROFTR, when R is the ring of integers modulo m or a finite field. Building on the ideas developed here, we give a very simple and efficient output-sensitive algorithm for matrix multiplication that works over any field.
Carbonic Anhydrases: Nature’s Way to Balance CO2 Concentration

Citation: Aggarwal M, McKenna R. Carbonic Anhydrases: Nature’s Way to Balance CO2 Concentration. Biochem Mol Biol J. 2016, 1:1. The carbonic anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.1.1) are a family of structurally diverse (in both fold and oligomeric state), yet efficient metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of CO2 and bicarbonate. They are categorized into five distinct classes (α, β, γ, δ, and ζ). Among these, the αCAs are found primarily in vertebrates, the βCAs are dominantly expressed in higher plants and some prokaryotes, while γCAs are present only in archaebacteria, and the δ and ζ classes have thus far been only isolated in diatoms. These ubiquitous enzymes equilibrate the reaction between three simple chemical molecules: CO2, bicarbonate, and protons; hence, they have important roles in ion transport, acid-base regulation, gas exchange, photosynthesis, and CO2 fixation (Figures 1A-1C) [1]. As such, structural studies of how this family of enzyme binds CO2 and convert it to bicarbonate may help in the understanding and designing of bio-industrial technologies for carbon sequestration. Recently, high-pressure cryo-crystallography studies have been successful in “trapping” CO2 in the active sites of an αCA and a βCA (Figures 1D and 1E) [2,3]. Note, Figure 1E shows a model of a γCA-CO2 complex which is based on the structural similarities observed between the αCA and βCA-CO2 complexes. These studies are significant for several reasons: (1) they demonstrate a substrate (with a kcat/KM approaching diffusion controlled limits of 108 M-1s-1) can be captured in an enzyme active site, (2) they show the mechanistic orientation of CO2 in a hydrophobic pocket, positioned and poised for the nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide to produce bicarbonate, but most importantly (3) they demonstrate that structurally distinct Carbonic Anhydrases: Nature’s Way to Balance CO2 Concentration
Online Bagging and Boosting for Imbalanced Data Streams

While both cost-sensitive learning and online learning have been studied separately, these two issues have seldom been addressed simultaneously. Yet, there are many applications where both aspects are important. This paper investigates a class of algorithmic approaches suitable for online cost-sensitive learning, designed for such problems. The basic idea is to leverage existing methods for online ensemble algorithms, and combine these with batch mode methods for cost-sensitive bagging/boosting algorithms. Within this framework, we describe several theoretically sound online cost-sensitive bagging and online cost-sensitive boosting algorithms, and show that the convergence of the proposed algorithms is guaranteed under certain conditions. We then present extensive experimental results on benchmark datasets to compare the performance of the various proposed approaches.
Expression of alpha(2)-macroglobulin receptor/low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) in rat microglial cells.

Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) participates in the uptake and degradation of several ligands implicated in neuronal pathophysiology including apolipoprotein E (apoE), activated alpha(2) -macroglobulin (alpha(2)M*) and beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP). The receptor is expressed in a variety of tissues. In the brain LRP is present in pyramidal-type neurons in cortical and hippocampal regions and in astrocytes that are activated as a result of injury or neoplasmic transformation. As LRP is expressed in the monocyte/macrophage cell system, we were interested in examining whether LRP is expressed in microglia. We isolated glial cells from the brain of neonatal rats and LRP was immunodetected both in microglial cells and in astrocytes expressing glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP). Microglial cells were able to bind and internalize LRP-specific ligand, alpha(2)M*. The internalization was inhibitable by RAP, with a Kd of 1.7 nM. The expression of LRP was up-regulated by dexamethasone, and down-regulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) or a combination of both. LRP was less sensitive to dexamethasone in activated astrocytes than in microglia. We provided the first analysis of LRP expression and regulation in microglia. Our results open the possibility that microglial cells could be related to the participation of LRP and its ligands in different pathophysiological states in brain.
The pivotal role of replication in psychological research

A system for supplying plastics material to a plastics working machine, such as a blow moulding machine comprising automatic means for removing waste from a plastics working machine, a conveyor for feeding the waste to a comminuting machine, a hopper for comminuted plastics waste, and a conveying mechanism for mixing and conveying the plastics waste and fresh plastics material to a further hopper that is arranged to supply the inlet of the plastics working machine.
Gender Identity Disorder and Schizophrenia: Neurodevelopmental Disorders with Common Causal Mechanisms?

Gender identity disorder (GID), recently renamed gender dysphoria (GD), is a rare condition characterized by an incongruity between gender identity and biological sex. Clinical evidence suggests that schizophrenia occurs in patients with GID at rates higher than in the general population and that patients with GID may have schizophrenia-like personality traits. Conversely, patients with schizophrenia may experience alterations in gender identity and gender role perception. Neurobiological research, including brain imaging and studies of finger length ratio and handedness, suggests that both these disorders are associated with altered cerebral sexual dimorphism and changes in cerebral lateralization. Various mechanisms, such as Toxoplasma infection, reduced levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), early childhood adversity, and links with autism spectrum disorders, may account for some of this overlap. The implications of this association for further research are discussed.
Cognitive approach to depression and suicidal thinking in psychosis. 2. Testing the validity of a social ranking model.

BACKGROUND In paper I we reported that depression in the acute stage remitted in line with the psychosis and that 36% of patients developed post-psychotic depression (PPD). AIMS We apply our cognitive framework to PPD and chart the appraisal of self and psychosis and their link with the later emergence of PPD. METHOD Patients with ICD-10 schizophrenia (n=105) were followed up over 12 months following the acute episode, taking measures of depression, working self-concept, cognitive vulnerability, insight and appraisals of psychosis. RESULTS Before developing PPD, these patients felt greater loss, humiliation and entrapment by their illness than those who relapsed or did not become depressed, and were more likely to see their future selves in 'lower status' roles. Upon becoming depressed, participants developed greater insight, lower self-esteem and a worsening of their appraisals of psychosis. CONCLUSIONS Depression in psychosis arises from the individual's appraisal of psychosis and its implications for his/her perceived social identity, position and 'group fit'. Patients developing PPD feel forced to accept a subordinate role without opportunity for escape. Implications for treatment are discussed.
Structural role of two histidines in the (6-4) photolyase reaction

Photolyases (PHRs) are DNA repair enzymes that revert UV-induced photoproducts, either cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) or (6-4) photoproducts (PPs), into normal bases to maintain genetic integrity. (6-4) PHR must catalyze not only covalent bond cleavage, but also hydroxyl or amino group transfer, yielding a more complex mechanism than that postulated for CPD PHR. Previous mutation analysis revealed the importance of two histidines in the active center, H354 and H358 for Xenopus (6-4) PHR, whose mutations significantly lowered the enzymatic activity. Based upon highly sensitive FTIR analysis of the repair function, here we report that both H354A and H358A mutants of Xenopus (6-4) PHR still maintain their repair activity, although the efficiency is much lower than that of the wild type. Similar difference FTIR spectra between the wild type and mutant proteins suggest a common mechanism of repair in which (6-4) PP binds to the active center of each mutant, and is released after repair, as occurs in the wild type. Similar FTIR spectra also suggest that a decrease in volume by the H-to-A mutation is possibly compensated by the addition of water molecule( s). Such a modified environment is sufficient for the repair function that is probably controlled by proton-coupled electron transfer between the enzyme and substrate. On the other hand, two histidines must work in a concerted manner in the active center of the wild-type enzyme, which significantly raises the repair efficiency.
Participation and Learning: Perspectives on Education and the Environment, Health and Sustainability

Preface Contributors 1. Introduction Alan Reid, Bjarne B. Jensen, Jutta Nikel, Venka Simovska 2. Stepping back from 'the ladder': reflections on a model of participatory work with children Roger A. Hart 3. Differentiating and evaluating conceptions and examples of participation in environment-related learning Alan Reid and Jutta Nikel 4. Learning in and as participation: a case study from health promoting schools Venka Simovska 5. Environmental learning and categories of interest: exploring modes of participation in a conservation NGO William Scott and Stephen Gough 6. Participation and the ecology of environmental awareness and action Louise Chawla 7. Participation, situated culture and practical reason and situated culture Heila Lotz-Sisitka and Rob O'Donoghue 8. From practice to theory: participation as learning in the context of sustainable development projects Paul Vare 9. Participation and sustainable development: the role and challenges of mediating agents Jeppe. Laessoe 10. Mental ownership and participation for innovation in environmental education and education for sustainable development Soren Breiting 11. Participation, education and democracy: implications for environmental education, health education, and education for sustainable development Karsten Schnack 12. What comes before participation? Searching for meaning in teachers' constructions of participatory learning in environmental education Paul Hart 13. Participatory pedagogy in environmental education: reproduction or disruption? Mary J. Barrett 14. Elusive participation: methodological challenges in researching teaching andparticipatory learning in environmental education Paul Hart 15. Student participation in school ground greening initiatives in Canada: reflections on research design decisions and key findings Janet E. Dyment 16. Researching participation using critical discourse analysis Debbie Heck 17. Youth participation in local environmental action: an avenue for science and civic learning? Tania M. Schusler and Marianne E. Krasny 18. A clash of worlds: children talking about their community experience in relation to the school curriculum Robert Barratt and Elisabeth Barratt Hacking 19. Sustainable education, whole school approaches and communities of action Tony Shallcross and JohnRobinson 20. School councils as an arena for pupils' participation in collaborative environmental education projects Monica Carlsson and Dawn Sanders
Phonological patterns (templates) in 5p deletion syndrome

ABSTRACT Whole word phonological patterns (templates) in utterances produced by children with 5p deletion syndrome are analysed, addressing four questions: (1) Are children with 5p deletion syndrome able to generalise over words? (2) How does the template score of children with 5p deletion syndrome relate to those of typically developing children and of the target language? (3) How do the template scores relate to other phonological measures, PCC and consonant variegation? (4) What can the relationship between template scores and phonological measures tell us about templates? Children with 5p deletion syndrome are able to generalise over words, some to a target like extent, others generalise more than expected for their age. The template scores relate to other phonological measures, with two exceptions. The exceptions indicate that the template score of a child with articulatory difficulties may reflect more detailed representations of the words in memory than she is able to express.