Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Diffusion of Global Models of Appropriate Leadership Behavior: Explaining Changing Leadership Priorities of High Ranking Public Managers

Citation for published version (APA): Hansen, M. B. (2012). The Diffusion of Global Models of Appropriate Leadership Behavior: Explaining Changing Leadership Priorities of High Ranking Public Managers. Paper presented at Public Management Research Conference: Seeking Excellence in a Time of Change, Fudan University, Shanghai, China May 25-27, 2012, Shanghai, China. http://egpa-conference2012.org/list-of-papers/psg-iii-public-personnel-policies/
A cross-cultural analysis of intellectual asset protection in SMEs: the effect of environmental scanning

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the effect of national culture on the capacity of small and medium-sized biotechnology enterprises to protect their intellectual assets by analysing the mediator role of environmental scanning behaviour. The extent to which environmental scanning behaviour helps firms protect their intellectual assets is investigated, and the effects of national cultural values on environmental scanning behaviour are analysed. Design/methodology/approach – The hypotheses are tested with survey data from 123 biotechnology SMEs located in fourteen countries. Findings – Environmental scanning appears to be an important step in the intellectual property strategy, as it enhances the firm's capacity to protect its intellectual assets. Nevertheless, our results show that firms located in cultures with high uncertainty avoidance, high power distance and low individualism do more scanning, whereas the capacity to protect intellectual assets is perceived as more important in firms located in cultures with low uncertainty avoidance, low power distance and high individualism. Research limitations/implications – Certain limitations should be noted. For instance, the research is based on cross-sectional data, which provides limited insight into the temporal aspects of dynamic environments. Practical implications – This study has important implications for practitioners. It demonstrates that, in international working relationships, cultural values have a direct effect on environmental scanning behaviour, and hence an indirect effect on intellectual property (IP) protection capability. Given the strategic importance of scanning and IP for innovative firms, the results could help managers make strategic decisions, specifically in R&D internationalization through decentralization or partnership. Originality/value – Although few studies have empirically analysed the role of environmental scanning in a particular domain, such as intellectual property strategic management, or adopted a comparative cross-cultural design to do so, we investigate the role of environmental scanning in intellectual property strategy from a cross-cultural perspective.
Weird Animal Genomes and the Evolution of Vertebrate Sex and Sex Chromosomes

Humans, mice, and even kangaroos have an XX female:XY male system of sex determination, in which the Y harbors a male-dominant sex-determining gene SRY. Birds have the opposite, ZZ males and ZW females, and may use a dosage-sensitive Z-borne gene. Other reptiles have genetic sex but no visible sex chromosomes, or determine sex by temperature of egg incubation. How can we make sense of so much variation? How do systems change in evolution? Studies of some unlikely animals—platypus and dragon lizards, frogs and fish—confirm that evolutionary transitions have occurred between TSD and GSD systems, between XY and ZW systems, and even between male and female heterogametic systems. Here I explore nonmodel systems that offer some new perspectives on some venerable questions of sex and sex chromosomes.
Multistatic target tracking for passive radar in a DAB/DVB network: initiation

A passive radar system that coopts digital broadcast (DAB/ DVB) signals is appealing but challenging: a single-antenna receiver system can only measure a bistatic range/range-rate; and, due to the energy-efficient multitransmitter commercial implementation, there is a confounding uncertainty as to which transmitter (illuminator) was responsible for a given “hit. ” In a companion paper we proposed some ways to track directly in native geographic coordinates. Here we suggest and compare two approaches for track initiation.
Would women with breast cancer prefer to receive an antidepressant for anxiety or depression from their oncologist?

219 Background: Patient treatment preferences for the management of anxiety and depression influence adherence and treatment outcomes, yet breast cancer patient preferences for provider-specific pharmacologic management of anxiety and depression is unknown. This study examined breast cancer patients' antidepressant prescriber preferences and their preferences for treatment by a mental health professional. METHODS Breast cancer patients (Stage 0-IV) were asked two questions: 1) "Would you be willing to have your oncologist treat your depression or anxiety with an antidepressant medication if you were to become depressed or anxious at any point during your treatment? "; and 2) "Would you prefer to be treated by a psychiatrist or mental health professional for problems with either anxiety or depression? " Additionally, the Distress Thermometer and Problem List, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Risky Families Questionnaire, and demographic information were assessed. RESULTS One hundred twenty-five participants completed the study. 60.4% were willing to accept an antidepressant from an oncologist and 26.3% preferred treatment by a mental health professional. 77.3% who were willing to receive an antidepressant from their oncologist reported either no preference or that treatment by a mental health professional didn't matter (p = 0.01). Participants taking antidepressants (p = 0.02) or reporting high chronic stress (p = 0.03) preferred a mental health professional. CONCLUSIONS The majority of patients accepted antidepressant prescribing by their oncologist; only a minority preferred treatment by a mental health professional. These findings suggest the benefit for promoting education of oncologists to assess psychological symptoms and manage anxiety and depression as a routine part of an outpatient visit.
The factors influencing consumers’ behaviour on wine consumption in the Turkish wine market

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyse the factors influencing wine consumption in Turkey. Since a wine consumption culture is a recent development in Turkey, there is a need to examine consumer factors that affect wine consumption to better understand consumers’ buying processes.Design/methodology/approach – This study presents the findings of a field study conducted in Izmir which has the highest alcohol consumption per capita in Turkey. A sample of 431 wine consumers is used to identify the factors influencing consumers’ behaviour on wine consumption.Findings – The wine market has been blooming in Turkey in recent years. Wine consumption is influenced by cultural, demographic, consumer attitudes, consumption habits as well as other different factors. A number of socio‐economic and demographic consumer characteristics indicate that these factors influence wine consumption and consumers’ preferences. The study offers important insights into the characteristics of wine consumption and the targe.
Effects of Two Different Eight-Week Training Programs on Military Physical Performance

Various physical demands are placed on soldiers, whose effectiveness and survivability depend on their combat-specific physical fitness. Because sport training programs involving weight-based training have proven effective, this study examined the value of such a program for short-term military training using combat-relevant tests. A male weight-based training (WBT) group (n = 15; mean ± SD: 27.0 ± 4.7 years, 173.8 ± 5.8 cm, 80.9 ± 12.7 kg) performed full-body weight-based training workouts, 3.2-km runs, interval training, agility training, and progressively loaded 8-km backpack hikes. A male Army Standardized Physical Training (SPT) group (n = 17; mean ± SD: 29.0 ± 4.6 years, 179.7 ± 8.2 cm, 84.5 ± 10.4 kg) followed the new Army Standardized Physical Training program of stretching, varied calisthenics, movement drills, sprint intervals, shuttle running, and distance runs. Both groups exercised for 1.5 hours a day, 5 days a week for 8 weeks. The following training-induced changes were statistically significant (P < 0.05) for both training groups: 3.2-km run or walk with 32-kg load (minutes), 24.5 ± 3.2 to 21.0 ± 2.8 (SPT) and 24.9 ± 2.8 to 21.1 ± 2.2 (WBT); 400-m run with 18-kg load (seconds), 94.5 ± 14.2 to 84.4 ± 11.9 (SPT) and 100.1 ± 16.1 to 84.0 ± 8.4 (WBT); obstacle course with 18-kg load (seconds), 73.3 ± 10.1 to 61.6 ± 7.7 (SPT) and 66.8 ± 10.0 to 60.1 ± 8.7 (WBT); 5 30-m sprints to prone (seconds), 63.5 ± 4.8 to 59.8 ± 4.1 (SPT) and 60.4 ± 4.2 to 58.9 ± 2.7 (WBT); and 80-kg casualty rescue from 50 m (seconds), 65.8 ± 40.0 to 42.1 ± 9.9 (SPT) and 57.6 ± 22.0 to 44.2 ± 8.8 (WBT). Of these tests, only the obstacle course showed significant difference in improvement between the two training groups. Thus, for short-term (i.e., 8-week) training of relatively untrained men, the Army's new Standardized Physical Training program and a weight-based training experimental program can produce similar, significant, and meaningful improvements in military physical performance. Further research would be needed to determine whether weight-based training provides an advantage over a longer training period.
The Structural Accessibility Layer (SAL): Revealing how Urban Structure Constrains Travel Choice

Urban mobility problems, such as congestion, have been threatening the quality of life, competitiveness, and sustainable development of urban areas. The need for an integrated approach to land use and transport in mobility management has been widely recognised. Accessibility measures are believed to provide a useful framework to support this integrated approach. Some of these measures can also reveal the mobility potential created by urban structures. This paper introduces the concept of structural accessibility and a new planning tool—the Structural Accessibility Layer (SAL). This tool measures structural accessibility by comparing accessibility levels between different transport modes to a range of activities in a given territory. An application to Greater Oporto is developed in order to discuss the potential of SAL for planning practice. Results were assessed by a number of local experts discussing its applicability, robustness, and usefulness. This research produced sound evidence of the added value of the SAL in planning practice. Indeed, the SAL was found to deliver a good representation of location conditions for mobility providing interesting insights for policy design and for planning practice.
A December Effect with Tax-Gain Selling?

We present evidence on the December effect. When investors do not sell winner stocks in December but postpone their sale to January so that capital gains will not be realized in the current fiscal year, the “winners” appreciate in December. The December effect is relatively easy to arbitrage. We also present evidence regarding the persistence of the January effect and note that the January effect continues because it is difficult to exploit profitably.
On Representation of Lightning Return Stroke as a Lossy Monopole Antenna With Inductive Loading

In this paper, a modification of the antenna theory (AT) model of the lightning return stroke to include inductive loading is presented. The distributed inductive energy-storing elements are used in the modified AT model (designated as ATIL model, where IL stands for inductive loading) to control the propagation speed of the upward traveling current wave without using an artificial, higher permittivity dielectric medium, as done in the original AT model. The variation of the propagation speed along the channel is also considered in the proposed model. As in the original AT model, resistive loading is used to account for the current attenuation with height. Numerical solution of the electric field integral equation in the time domain using the with appropriate boundary conditions yields a time-space distribution of current along the lightning channel. This current distribution and the resultant electromagnetic fields for the ATIL model are compared with those predicted by other time-domain and frequency-domain electromagnetic models. The current distribution predicted by the ATIL model exhibits features (such as current dispersion) that are more consistent with optical observations of lightning compared to the predictions of the original AT model.
Towards Consistent Principles of Flexicurity

The paper contains analysis of, critical remarks on, and constructive suggestions to Towards Common Principles of Flexicurtity of the European Commission (2007). The latter promotes relaxing the employment protection legislation while providing advances in employment and social security for flexible workforces, like fixed-term, part-time and agency workers, or self-employed. The default assumption, that relaxing labour laws can be compensated by these advances, is criticised as the compensating measures are regarded as vague and insufficient. Therefore, some additional measures are proposed to counterbalance the actual flexibilisation of employment relations, including (1) flexinsurance, a kind of progressive flexibilisation tax, meaning that the employer's contribution to social security should be proportional to the flexibility of the contract/risk of becoming unemployed, (2) elements of the basic minimum income model, (3) workplace tax for worse working conditions of atypically employed which should protect 'the working environment' in the same way as the green tax protects the natural environment, and (4) constraining financial markets. It is argued that all of these meet interests of social partners and solve contradictions between several European policies.
AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND PUBLIC ATTITUDES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

The latest European sample survey of public perceptions of biotechnology shows that Europeans continue to support medical applications of biotechnology but have become increasingly opposed to genetically modified (GM) foods. Furthermore, while the cloning of human cells and tissues is supported, the cloning of animals is not. The survey shows considerable differences in public opinion on applications of biotechnology across the European Union (EU) member states, highlighting the difficulties for European level policy making, and provides some indications as to the bases of resistance to GM foods and animal cloning. Like information technology, biotechnology is a "strategic" technology with the potential to impact many areas of contemporary society including agriculture, farming and foods. Our interest in researching public perceptions of biotechnology goes beyond the idea of describing how the public responds to technology after the fact, as if public opinion is nothing more than a response to the technology. Rather we see public opinion as part of the symbolic environment, which influences the trajectory of new technologies. New technologies can develop within a context of public support, or as in European today, public opinion may actively constrain and influence the course of development of biotechnology (see Durant, Bauer & Gaskell, 1998). This paper presents results from a recent survey of the European public's view of biotechnology and is the result of work by the International Research Group on Biotechnology and the Public, funded by the European Commission's Directorate General for Research. (see also Gaskell et al., 2000). The Group comprises researchers from fourteen European member states, with associated teams in the United States and Canada. The fourth Eurobarometer on biotechnology was conducted in each European Union country in 1999 using a multi-stage random sampling procedure, which provides a statistically representative sample of national residents, aged 15 and over. The total sample within the EU was 16,082 and the results are weighted to 1,000 persons per EU country. The survey was designed by the International Research Group as part of a larger study of biotechnology in the public sphere involving the comparative analysis of public perceptions, media coverage and public policy from 1973 to the present.
Systematic Review of the Balance Error Scoring System

Context: The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) is commonly used by researchers and clinicians to evaluate balance.A growing number of studies are using the BESS as an outcome measure beyond the scope of its original purpose. Objective: To provide an objective systematic review of the reliability and validity of the BESS. Data Sources: PubMed and CINHAL were searched using Balance Error Scoring System from January 1999 through December 2010. Study Selection: Selection was based on establishment of the reliability and validity of the BESS. Research articles were selected if they established reliability or validity (criterion related or construct) of the BESS, were written in English, and used the BESS as an outcome measure. Abstracts were not considered. Results: Reliability of the total BESS score and individual stances ranged from poor to moderate to good, depending on the type of reliability assessed. The BESS has criterion-related validity with force plate measures; more difficult stances have higher agreement than do easier ones. The BESS is valid to detect balance deficits where large differences exist (concussion or fatigue). It may not be valid when differences are more subtle. Conclusions: Overall, the BESS has moderate to good reliability to assess static balance. Low levels of reliability have been reported by some authors. The BESS correlates with other measures of balance using testing devices. The BESS can detect balance deficits in participants with concussion and fatigue. BESS scores increase with age and with ankle instability and external ankle bracing. BESS scores improve after training.
Chinese sentiment analysis for commodity price level fluctuation news comments

With the rapid development of the Internet technology and news media, people pay more attention on news especially about commodity price fluctuation. Hence, more and more Chinese news comments about commodity price fluctuation appear on Internet. These comments contain all kinds of sentiment. Analysing the sentiment of these comments will make government know more about Netizen emotion on this information and enhance efficiency of management, which has important practical significance. In this paper, we adopt three supervised learning methods (naive Bayes, maximum entropy and support vector machines) to automatically classify user comments as two classes (positive and negative). Through a lot of experiments, we found that machine learning techniques perform quite well in the domain of commodity price fluctuation news comments sentiment classification. Meanwhile, the effects of the feature representations and dimensions for the classification of the three machine learning techniques are analysed and discussed in detail. Experimental results show that maximum entropy classifier is best overall. Frequency is a better method of feature representation, which can use fewer features to get better result.
The Decision-Usefulness of Nonprofit Fundraising Ratios: Some Contrary Evidence

Prior research indicates that donors consider nonprofit organizations' historic fundraising ratios when making donation decisions. Theoretically, however, historic ratios are only pertinent to the donor's decision when they proxy for the organization's future marginal spending performance. In general, theory predicts average historic ratios will differ from future marginal ratios. Examining three large data sets, I find results consistent with theory. Incremental responses of donations to increases in fundraising expense are highly variable and poorly correlated with the average relations in a base year. While the cross-sectional response of donations to fundraising expense is generally linear over the relevant range, and average ratios are highly correlated between years, the low correlation of incremental to average ratios reduces the decision-usefulness of accounting data as currently provided.
Management of puberty in growth hormone deficient children.

At puberty there occur marked increases in gonadotropin, gonadal steroid and GH secretion. An important physiological synergism exists between the gonadal and somatotropic axes to permit the growth spurt and adolescent development; however, epiphyseal maturation is also accelerated leading to cessation of long-bone growth. GH deficiency may be absolute, but often is not and the diagnosis may be complicated by a constellation of physical and hormonal findings that are along a spectrum from low normal GH sufficiency to absent GH secretion. Growth hormone therapy not only accelerates the growth velocity, but also promotes the redistribution of adipose tissue stores to more peripheral sites. Given the remarkable physiological alterations in the activities of the GH and gonadotropin gonadal axes during adolescence in normal children, how should the therapeutic plan for the treatment of prepubertal GH deficiency be altered at puberty? Evidence for efficacy has been reported for each of the following for the treatment of GH deficiency at adolescence: 1) GH alone at the usual dosage (approximately 0.3 mg.kg-1.day-1); 2) Double or triple the amount of GH to mimic the finding of increased GH release at puberty. 3) GH at the usual or moderately increased dose and gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist analog to halt pubertal development. The latter two plans are at present hypotheses that must withstand the rigor of proper controlled trials. The end point is more than merely adult height, because of the significant psychological and skeletal system dysregulation that accompany decrements in the gonadal steroid hormones during adolescence.
An efficient and fair scheduling policy for multiprocessor platforms

Scheduling is a decision-making process that deals with the assignment of resources to tasks over given periods, aiming to optimize one or more objectives. Responsible for efficient distribution of the CPU time among the processes, scheduler has become an essential part of computer systems. While applications run on neighboring cores of a many-core system, they compete with each other for the shared resources (cache, memory etc.). This contention can result in great performance degradation for the applications that are concurrently executed. For this reason, treating the cores of a many-core systems as isolated and independent units is a very optimistic abstraction and can cause great problems to the objectives a scheduler tries to optimize. This paper presents a scheduler that focuses on improving the system's fairness by deciding the group of applications that will be executed together based on the progress they have performed. Results shows that the proposed scheduler achieves on average 86% fairness improvement compared to two state-of-art schedulers.