Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultracold atomic collisions in tight harmonic traps: quantum-defect model and application to metastable helium atoms

We analyze a system of two colliding ultracold atoms under strong harmonic confinement from the viewpoint of quantum defect theory and formulate a generalized self-consistent method for determining the allowed energies. We also present two highly efficient computational methods for determining the bound state energies and eigenfunctions of such systems. The perturbed harmonic oscillator problem is characterized by a long asymptotic region beyond the effective range of the interatomic potential. The first method, which is based on quantum defect theory and is an adaptation of a technique developed by one of the authors (G.P.) for highly excited states in a modified Coulomb potential, is very efficient for integrating through this outer region. The second method is a direct numerical solution of the radial Schrodinger equation using a discrete variable representation of the kinetic energy operator and a scaled radial coordinate grid. The methods are applied to the case of trapped spin-polarized metastable helium atoms. The calculated eigenvalues agree very closely for the two methods, and with the eigenvalues computed using the generalized self-consistent method.
Shape-Dependent Velocity Based Droplet Routing on MEDA Biochips

Digital microfluidic biochip (DMFB) has attracted attention in the biochemical and medical industries. In particular, a microelectrode dot array (MEDA) biochip, which is composed of a two-dimensional microelectrode array, enables to realize fine-grained manipulation such as dilution, mixing, sensing, and so on in real-time. Unlike existing DMFB biochips, a MEDA architecture allows microelectrodes to control a certain volume of droplet in a fine-grained manner and can vary droplet volume and shape in such a way that it efficiently conducts synthesis and manipulation of droplets. There have been many works in order to improve the efficiency of synthesis of MEDA biochips; however, the synthesis, especially droplet routing, has never considered the shape-dependent velocity of droplets. In this paper, we propose the droplet routing techniques for MEDA biochips with shape-dependent velocity of droplets. The proposed techniques take the advantage of variant velocities of droplets dependent on the shapes and aim to reduce the overall routing time of a droplet from a source to a destination. Simulation results confirm that the proposed techniques can shorten the routing time by 80% compared to the state-of-the-art techniques.
Effect of compressibility and aspect ratio on performance of long elastic seals

Recent experiments show no statistical impact of seal length on the performance of long elastomeric seals in relatively smooth test fixtures. Motivated by these results, we analytically and computationally investigate the combined effects of seal length and compressibility on the maximum differential pressure a seal can support. We present a Saint-Venant type analytic shear lag solution for slightly compressible seals with large aspect ratios, which compares well with nonlinear finite element simulations in regions far from the ends of the seal. However, at the high- and low-pressure ends, where fracture is observed experimentally, the analytic solution is in poor agreement with detailed finite element calculations. Nevertheless, we show that the analytic solution provides far-field stress measures that correlate, over a range of aspect ratios and bulk moduli, the calculated energy release rates for the growth of small cracks at the two ends of the seal. Thus a single finite element simulation coupled with the analytic solution can be used to determine tendencies for fracture at the two ends of the seal over a wide range of geometry and compressibility. Finally, using a hypothetical critical energy release rate, predictions for whether a crack on the high-pressure end will begin to grow before or after a crack on the low-pressure end begins to grow are made using the analytic solution and compared with finite element simulations for finite deformation, hyperelastic seals.
Tocotrienol in the Treatment of Topical Wounds: Recent Updates

Healing wounds is an important attempt to keep the internal higher organs safe. Complications in topical wound healing may lead to the formation of scars, which can affect the patient’s quality of life. Although several approaches are ongoing in parallel in the exploration of natural compounds via advanced delivery, in this article, an attempt has been made to highlight tocotrienol. Tocotrienol is a natural form of vitamin E and has shown its potential in certain pharmacological activities better than tocopherol. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cell signal-mediating effects, angiogenic properties, management of scar, and promotion of wound environment with essential factors have shown potential in the management of topical wound healing. Therefore, this review has aimed to focus on recent advances in topical wound healing through the application of tocotrienols. Challenges in delivering tocotrienols to the topical wound due to its large molecular weight and higher logP have also been explored using nanotechnological-based carriers, which has made tocotrienol a potential tool to facilitate the closure of wounds. Exploration of tocotrienol has also been made in human volunteers for biopsy wounds; however, the results are yet to be reported. Overall, based on the current findings in the literature, it could be inferred that tocotrienol would be a viable alternative to the existing wound dressing components for the management of topical wounds.
Domain percolation in a quenched ferromagnetic spinor condensate

We show that the early time dynamics of easy-axis magnetic domain formation in a spinor condensate is described by percolation theory. These dynamics could be initialized using a quench of the spin-dependent interaction parameter. We propose a scheme to observe the same dynamics by quenching the quadratic Zeeman energy and applying a generalized spin rotation to a ferromagnetic spin-1 condensate. Using simulations we investigate the finite-size scaling behavior to extract the correlation length critical exponent and the transition point. We analyze the sensitivity of our results to the early-time dynamics of the system, the quadratic Zeeman energy, and the threshold condition used to define the positive (percolating) domains.
First Time's a Charm? Loggerhead Neophyte Mothers Have Higher Hatch Success

Abstract - Caretta caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle) is a globally threatened sea turtle species that nests on United States Atlantic coast beaches. While several environmental factors influence egg incubation and hatching success, maternal identity may also play an important role and has been overlooked. New molecular advances, such as ongoing genetic capture–recapture using eggshells, allow the identification of individual females using fresh eggshells, which can then be used to track nesting and hatching success across individual females. Across 2 consecutive nesting seasons, we monitored 170 nests for environmental conditions as part of a larger Georgia Department of Natural Resources monitoring program. Mothers had been identified using molecular data and classified as either neophytes or remigrants. We identified 34 of the nests as belonging to neophyte Loggerhead mothers, which exhibited a 61% hatching success rate, compared to only 46% success for remigrant mothers (P < 0.01). Further analysis suggested no differences in environmental parameters between neophyte and remigrant nests. Thus, while it is possible that different-aged mothers make different nesting-site choices that could affect the nest environment, it is likely that Loggerhead reproductive biology, such as maternal investment, may change over time. More data are required to fully investigate maternal effects on hatching success and to elucidate the mechanisms, both within this species and across multiple species of sea turtles.
Prairie strips reduce fecal indicator bacteria concentrations in simulated runoff

Vegetative filter strips (VFS) have shown promising results in reducing the downstream transport of many agroecosystem contaminants. A recently developed type of VFS, prairie strips, has been shown to significantly reduce the impact of corn and soybean production systems on water quality in terms of sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus losses. This study assessed potential additional benefits of prairie strips to include the reduction of pathogens. To assess the impact of prairie strips on manure‐laden agricultural runoff, we utilized a physical model of prairie strips in a laboratory flume to conduct highly controlled overland flow experiments. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus concentration reductions of up to 45% and 65% were observed for runoff and infiltration flows, respectively, while mass load reductions of up to 65% were observed for surficial runoff flows. The degree of concentration or mass load reductions was dependent on the residence time of the flow within the strip and the partitioning of overland flow running onto the strip to infiltration and runoff flows. Based on our results and a review of the literature, we developed a design method to provide guidance on the width of prairie strip buffer needed to achieve a user‐defined reduction of fecal bacteria concentration.
Experiences of caregivers and individuals living with traumatic brain injury in accessing health information: a qualitative investigation

ABSTRACT Background/Purpose Rehabilitation and treatment of chronic symptoms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) present life-long challenges. This qualitative study aimed to understand the experience of individuals with TBI and caregivers in finding and using health information and to understand their interest in participating in research. Methods Participants were recruited through hospital listservs, websites, social media, and word of mouth from across the US. A qualitative constructivism research method was used to analyze responses from semi-structured interviews with 24 individuals, 11 with TBI and 13 caregivers. Results Three major themes emerged from the analyses: 1) processes and resources for finding TBI-related health information, 2) reliability of information, and 3) participation in research. Study participants described using the internet, consulting with healthcare professionals, reading research articles, and seeking out information from other individuals with TBI or caregivers to search for information. Participants also shared their experiences related to evaluating the reliability of information and the impact of individuals with TBI and caregivers participating on research teams. Conclusion Participants identified various needs in finding relevant health information and highlighted gaps in searching for and using health information. Participants identified an overarching need for improved dissemination of information that is both accessible and reliable.
Multiple Companions to HD 154857 and HD 160691

Precise Doppler measurements from the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) UCLES spectrometer reveal two companions to both HD 154857 and HD 160691. The inner companion to HD 154857 has a period of 398 days, an eccentricity of 0.51, and a minimum mass of 1.8MJ. An outer companion has a period much longer than 2 yr and is currently detected only as a linear trend of 14 m s-1 yr-1. The inner companion to HD 160691, previously announced from AAT data, has a period of 645 days, an eccentricity of 0.20, and a minimum mass of 1.7MJ. For the outer planet, whose orbit is less well constrained, a two-Keplerian fit yields a period of 8.2 yr, an eccentricity of 0.57, and a minimum mass of 3.1MJ. With these orbital parameters, its maximum separation from the star of 0. ″4 makes it a viable target for direct imaging.
Terahertz QC-lasers and active metamaterial antennas

Terahertz quantum cascade (QC) lasers are well suited for the exploration of active metamaterial concepts in the terahertz frequency range. Terahertz composite right/left handed (CRLH) transmission line metamaterials can be integrated with quantum cascade laser gainmaterial in order to compensate for losses, and enable laser waveguides with new functionality. In particular, we consider the use of metamaterial transmission lines as travelling wave antennas. After presenting the characteristics of a 2.5 THz quantum-cascade laser, calculated radiation characteristics and beam patterns for a leaky-wave antenna based upon a balanced 1D CRLH transmission line waveguide are shown.
Radio observations of planetary nebulae: no evidence for strong radial density gradients

Radio continuum observations trace thermal emission of ionized plasma in planetary nebulae and bring useful information on nebular geometries. A model of homogeneous sphere or shell cannot fit the nebular spectra and brightness temperatures. Two alternative models have been proposed in the literature: the first one consists of two homogeneous components, while the other one is a model of a shell with a significant radial density gradient. On the other side, prolate ellipsoidal shell model can successfully fit the surface brightness distribution of selected objects. We verify the existing models using data collected in radio surveys covering wide range of frequencies. In about 50% cases, density gradient can be excluded, and none of the remaining objects could be confirmed. None of the observed planetary nebulae show the spectral index of 0.6 in the optically thick part of the spectrum, which is a value predicted for a shell containing strong radial density gradient. Radio spectra can be fitted with a model of prolate ellipsoidal shell, but also by a shell containing temperature variations in planetary nebulae. At least eight planetary nebulae show two component spectra, with one compact component showing much higher optical thickness than the other one. Unexpectedly, a group of planetary nebulae with lowest surface brightness show non-negligible optical thickness. Their emission comes from compact and dense structures, comprising only small part of total nebular mass.
Fisheye Lens Distortion Calibration Based on the Lens Charactetic Curves

The fisheye lens is a kind of ultra wide angle lens, which can produce a big super-wide-angle lens distortion. In order to cover a large scope of light, barrel distortion is artificially added to the optical system. However, in some cases this distortion is not allowed, then it requires calibrations of those distortions. Most of the traditional distortion calibration method uses target plane calibration to do it. This paper discusses the way of design fisheye lens, through which we can know the forming process of distortion clearly. Based on this paper, a simple and effective calibration method can be understood. Different from common camera calibration method, the proposed calibration method can avoid the error occurring in the process of calibrating test, that directly use the lens’ characteristic curve. Through multiple sets of experimental verifications, this method is effective and feasible.
A Study on Deep Learning Based Simplification for Lightweighting of Underground Geospatial Information Data

There are various structures in the underground space, and the structures are managed as 3D data in underground geospatial information map system (UGIMS). However, there is a problem that takes a long time to load the data into a mobile app from UGIMS because the data are very large. In order to reduce the loading time of 3D data, the number of data vertices should be reduced within a range that can keep the shape of 3D object in a mobile app. In this paper, we try to reduce the number of vertices using a 3D Mesh Simplification method to reduce the loading time of data in a mobile app. The proposed method applies simplification by extracting refined vertex feature information using a deep learning encoder‐decoder based model and performing vertex clustering by grouping similar vertices together with the feature information using K‐means clustering. We were able to reduce the number of vertices by 30% compared with the previous data. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
The use of fitness-trackers and the role of motivational intermissions to maintain healthy behaviors: an explorative case study on runners

This study explores a user perspective on fitness-trackers and how they are used to maintain healthy behaviors; and how fitness trackers could be designed to better maintain healthy behaviors. A thematic analysis was conducted on the transcriptions from semi-structured interviews with eight seasoned non-professional runners who regularly used fitness trackers in their exercise regime. The main findings are: (a) the maintenance of healthy behaviors rely more on what happens in the intermission – that is, between healthy behaviors – than during the actual behavior itself; and (b), by visualizing the history of healthy behaviors, intermission feedback help motivate the repetition of healthy behavior in a way that mimics broad choice bracketing and behavioral streaks. Thus, fitness-trackers should focus more on the motivational aspects during the intermission between the healthy behaviors rather than encouraging the performance during the target behavior.
Road safety development evaluation in the ASEAN region

Benchmarking, detecting progress and then readjusting interventions is a valuable process for achieving continuous improvement in road safety. This study developed a systematic and validated methodology, the entropy-TOPSIS-RSR method, to evaluate road safety development in Southeast Asia. In this study, 20 indicators from 11 countries in Southeast Asia were normalized by constructing a decision matrix, then weights were derived and finally countries were ranked and grouped. This approach helps to build capacity for sustainable security management in Southeast Asian countries and to develop better policies for improved livelihoods.
Virtual Modeling and Experimental Validation of the Line-Start Permanent Magnet Motor in the Presence of Harmonics

The world is experiencing an accelerated energy transition that is driven by the climate goals to be met and that has driven the growth of different potential sectors such as electric mobility powered by electric motors, which continue to be the largest load globally. However, new needs in relation to power density, weight, and efficiency have led manufacturers to experiment with new technologies, such as rare earth elements (REEs). The permanent magnet motor is a candidate to be the substitute for the conventional induction motor considering the new editions of the IEC 60034-30-1, for which study and evaluation continue to be focused on identifying the weaknesses and benefits of its application on a large scale in industry and electric mobility. This work presents a FEM model to assess the line-start permanent magnet motor (LSPMM), aiming to simulate the behavior of the LSPMM under supply conditions with distorted voltages (harmonic content) and evaluate its thermal and magnetic performance. The model created in the FEM software is then validated by bench tests in order to constitute an alternative analysis tool that can be used for studies in previous project phases and even to implement predictive maintenance schemes in industries.
Entropy and entanglement in the Jaynes–Cummings model with effects of cavity damping

The temporal evolution of entanglement for a single-mode field interacting with a two-level atom via intensity-dependent coupling in the off-resonant case has been studied, where the leakage of photon through the cavity is taken into account. The effects of cavity damping on the coherence properties of the atom and the field are studied. The amount of entanglement is compared with the total correlations. It is found that the atom–field system is inhibited from going into a pure state in the off-resonant case.
Stellar contents and star formation in the NGC 7538 region

Deep optical photometric data on the NGC 7538 region were collected and combined with archival data sets from $Chandra$, 2MASS and {\it Spitzer} surveys in order to generate a new catalog of young stellar objects (YSOs) including those not showing IR excess emission. This new catalog is complete down to 0.8 M$_\odot$. The nature of the YSOs associated with the NGC 7538 region and their spatial distribution are used to study the star formation process and the resultant mass function (MF) in the region. Out of the 419 YSOs, $\sim$91\% have ages between 0.1 to 2.5 Myr and $\sim$86\% have masses between 0.5 to 3.5 M$_\odot$, as derived by spectral energy distribution fitting analysis. Around 24\%, 62\% and 2\% of these YSOs are classified to be the Class I, Class II and Class III sources, respectively. The X-ray activity in the Class I, Class II and Class III objects is not significantly different from each other. This result implies that the enhanced X-ray surface flux due to the increase in the rotation rate may be compensated by the decrease in the stellar surface area during the pre-main sequence evolution. Our analysis shows that the O3V type high mass star `IRS 6' might have triggered the formation of young low mass stars up to a radial distance of 3 pc. The MF shows a turn-off at around 1.5 M$_\odot$ and the value of its slope `$\Gamma$' in the mass range $1.5 <$M/M$_\odot < 6$ comes out to be $-1.76\pm0.24$, which is steeper than the Salpeter value.
Concurrent Production of α- and β-Carotenes with Different Stoichiometries Displaying Diverse Antioxidative Activities via Lycopene Cyclases-Based Rational System

α- and β-carotenes belong to the most essential carotenoids in the human body and display remarkable pharmacological value for health due to their beneficial antioxidant activities. Distinct high α-/β-carotene stoichiometries have gained increasing attention for their effective preventions of Alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. However, it is extremely difficult to obtain α-carotene in nature, impeding the accumulations of high α-/β-carotene stoichiometries and excavation of their antioxidant activities. Herein, we developed a dynamically operable strategy based on lycopene cyclases (LCYB and LCYE) for concurrently enriching α- and β-carotenes along with high stoichiometries in E. coli. Membrane-targeted and promoter-centered approaches were firstly implemented to spatially enhance catalytic efficiency and temporally boost expression of TeLCYE to address its low competitivity at the starting stage. Dynamically temperature-dependent regulation of TeLCYE and TeLCYB was then performed to finally achieve α-/β-carotene stoichiometries of 4.71 at 37 °C, 1.65 at 30 °C, and 1.06 at 25 °C, respectively. In the meantime, these α-/β-carotene ratios were confirmed to result in diverse antioxidative activities. According to our knowledge, this is the first time that both the widest range and antioxidant activities of high α/β-carotene stoichiometries were reported in any organism. Our work provides attractive potentials for obtaining natural products with competitivity and a new insight on the protective potentials of α-/β-carotenes with high ratios for health supply.