Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An embryonic stem cell chromatin remodeling complex, esBAF, is an essential component of the core pluripotency transcriptional network

Distinctive SWI/SNF-like ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling esBAF complexes are indispensable for the maintenance and pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells [Ho L, et al. (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 10.1073/pnas.0812889106]. To understand the mechanism underlying the roles of these complexes in ES cells, we performed high-resolution genome-wide mapping of the core ATPase subunit, Brg, using ChIP-Seq technology. We find that esBAF, as represented by Brg, binds to genes encoding components of the core ES transcriptional circuitry, including Polycomb group proteins. esBAF colocalizes extensively with transcription factors Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog genome-wide, and shows distinct functional interactions with Oct4 and Sox2 at its target genes. Surprisingly, no significant colocalization of esBAF with PRC2 complexes, represented by Suz12, is observed. Lastly, esBAF colocalizes with Stat3 and Smad1 genome-wide, consistent with a direct and critical role in LIF and BMP signaling for maintaining self-renewal. Taken together, our studies indicate that esBAF is an essential component of the core pluripotency transcriptional network, and might also be a critical component of the LIF and BMP signaling pathways essential for maintenance of self-renewal and pluripotency.
Rhea Paul (ed.), Language disorders from a developmental perspective: Essays in honour of Robin S. Chapman . London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2007. Pp. 450. ISBN 0-8058-5037-6.

This volume is part of the latest Erlbaum series, New directions in communication disorders research: Integrative approaches ; it is a collection of sixteen essays on language acquisition and language disorders in children written in honour of Robin Chapman. Chapter 1 is written by Robin Chapman herself, and it is reprinted from a previously published article (Chapman, 2000). It sets the scene for what is to follow and provides a summary of the themes and issues that are discussed in more detail throughout the volume. The chapter has four main parts: (1) historical accounts of development and variability; (2) recent advances in methodologies; (3) genetic contributions to language development; and (4) the role of language input. A summary of the different theoretical approaches to child language acquisition is offered, and the interactionist perspective is established as the favoured one over other perspectives on how language is acquired. Evidence in support of this perspective is provided in the remaining three parts of the chapter. Thus a brief overview of recent methodological advances follows, with consideration given to cross-linguistic studies, including studies of specific language impairment (SLI), cultural variation in language acquisition, language disorders in children including genetic syndromes, contexts of language use, new task paradigms including preferential looking, online language processing and neuroimaging, computer archiving such as CHILDES, and connectionist modelling. The chapter discusses genetic contributions to language development in more detail, including issues of heterogeneity in SLI, with short reviews of family aggregation studies, pedigree studies, twin studies of typically developing children and those of children with language disorders, and adoption studies. The role of language input is given a prominent place in the chapter, with a detailed description of Hart and Risley’s (1992, 1995) studies. There is a very useful appendix at the end of the chapter, which provides several tables detailing stages of pragmatic, semantic and syntactic development, and a table providing variability in language learning in typically developing children. J. Child Lang. 36 (2009), 1167–1172. f 2008 Cambridge University Press Printed in the United Kingdom
Blickgesten als Fernbedienung

Dieser Beitrag stellt Blickgesten als ein neues Konzept fur die Bedienung von Computersystemen mit den Augen vor. Blickgesten sind immun gegen Kalibrierungsdrift und unempfindlich fur Genauigkeitsfehler. Sie eignen sich besonders fur Augensteuerung aus der Entfernung. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass Menschen in der Lage sind, willentlich kontrollierte Gesten mit dem Blick auszufuhren. Des Weiteren wurde ermittelt, welchen Grad an Komplexitat die Gesten besitzen mussen, um von naturlichen Augenbewegungen unterschieden werden zu konnen. Die vorliegende Arbeit erlautert den GestenAlgorithmus und dessen Implementierung, prasentiert die Ergebnisse und Analysen zweier Benutzerstudien und diskutiert mogliche Anwendungen der Blickgesten.
Facilitating Adult Learning through Computer-Mediated Distance Education.

This article is a case study of two distance education graduate courses offered by means of computer-mediated communication. The article describes the structure of the courses followed by an analysis of student participation, satisfaction, and achievement. In addition, the article discusses the effectiveness of the facilitation techniques used. In the courses, student reading and writing of notes was extensive. It appears that students logged in and read the conference at least once a week, and many students logged into the conference once a day. The mean number of notes authored by each student in 1986 was 16.3 and the mean for 1987 was 11.8. Two facilitation techniques were examined. In joint writing assignments several patterns emerged. A major strategy was to send drafts of the paper back and forth between students. One student would write a draft of a section and the second student would edit the work, adding points and changing wording as appropriate. The draft was then sent back to the first student for another round. The second strategy was to be on-line at the same time. There were approximately twice as many notes entered on the same day as entered on different days. Students reported satisfaction with the on-line courses and demonstrated effective use of the technology. Abstract Cet article est une etude de cas de deux cours a distance de niveau superieur offert au moyen de la telematique. L'article debute par une description de la structure de ces cours. Il se poursuit par une analyse faisant etat de la participation des etudiants, de leur satisfaction et de leurs resultats. L'article commente, de surcroit, l'efficacite des techniques de facilitation utilisees. Durant les cours, les etudiants participerent considerablement a la redaction des notes aussi bien qu'a leur consultation. Il apparait que les etudiants entrerent en communication et lurent les conferences au moins une fois par semaine; plusieurs les lurent meme une fois par jour. Le nombre moyen de notes produites par chaque etudiant fut de 16.3 en 1986 et de 11.8 en 1987. Deux techniques de facilitation furent examinees. En ce qui concerne les travaux ecrits en collaboration, plusieurs similarites d'execution furent decouvertes. Une des strategies principales consista a proceder a l'echange des brouillons. Un etudiant ebauchait une section et un second retravaillait ce brouillon, ajoutant des arguments et modifiant la formulation le cas echeant. Le brouillon etait alors retourne au premier etudiant pour etre retravaille. La deuxieme strategie consistait a se mettre en ligne en meme temps. Il y eut approximativement deux fois plus de notes inscrites pendant la meme journee que pendant des journees differentes. Les etudiants exprimerent leur satisfaction au sujet de ce genre de cours et se revelerent capables d'employer efficacement la technologie. Computer-Mediated Communicati
Newborns' local processing in schematic facelike configurations

The goal of the study was to provide a direct comparison of newborns' ability to process and store, over a 2min delay, the shape of the internal local elements of schematic facelike and non-facelike patterns. Two experiments were carried out using a visual habituation technique with an infant control procedure. The results demonstrate that newborns discriminated between two schematic facelike and non-facelike configurations that differed exclusively for the shape of the internal local elements (Expt I), and they maintained this discriminative ability even when recognition was tested after a 2min retention interval (Expt 2). The results are consistent with the existence of a general pattern learning mechanism that mediates newborns' ability to acquire information about any pattern, including faces (de Schonen & Mancini, 1995; de Schonen, Mancini, & Liegeois 1998; Johnson, 1997).
Application of Sequential Monte Carlo to M-QAM Schemes in the Presence of Nonlinear Solid-State Power Amplifiers

This paper presents a sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) framework in order to compensate for the nonlinear distortion caused by solid-state power amplifiers (SSPA) in M-QAM schemes. The performance of this new approach is shown for low and high-order constellation schemes for different values of input backoff (IBO). The results reveal that, in low-IBO regimes, the SMC method shows a significant improvement, relative to the conventional methods where the predistorter is used before the amplifier, especially for high order constellations. Moreover, the SMC method is shown to have more robust behavior to the constellation scaling. Finally, an adaptive sequential Monte Carlo receiver is proposed that adapts itself efficiently to variations in amplifier parameters.
Senior men’s pacing profiles at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships

Abstract The aim of this study was to describe pacing profiles used by senior men competing in the World Cross Country Championships. Lap times were collated for 1273 competitors across 10 races. Each individual’s lap times were expressed as a percentage of the eventual winner’s lap times, and athletes were grouped according to finishing position. Most athletes started the race by following the pace set by the leaders but slowed relative to the winner with each successive lap. The gold medallists were faster than the other medallists only after the final lap (P < 0.001). Most athletes who dropped out (61%) had completed the first lap within 105% of the winner’s lap time. The medallists used a strategy of running close to the front from an early stage, but did not separate themselves from other top 15 finishers until halfway, with the eventual medal positions decided even closer to the finish. Athletes finishing further down had positive pacing profiles relative to the winner, possibly because of early fatigue caused by a relatively quick first lap. Athletes should note that a patient approach during the early stages can benefit not only the mass field but also those who aim to win a medal.
Serial Binary-to-Decimal and Decimal-to-Binary Conversion

Over ten years ago, Couleur described a serial binary/ decimal conversion algorithm, the BIDEC method. This was a two-step process involving a shift followed by a parallel modification of the data being converted. With the integrated-circuit J-K flip-flop, the implementation of this two-step process requires an excessive amount of control logic. This paper presents a one-step conversion algorithm that is suitable for binary-to-decimal and decimal-to-binary conversion. A general design procedure for formulating the conversion registers as a present-state/next-state counter problem is given, along with several examples of the application of the one-step algorithm. The advantages of this new algorithm include low cost, faster operation, and hardware modularity.
Image Super-Resolution Via Analysis Sparse Prior

In this letter, we present a new algorithm for a single image super-resolution using the analysis sparse prior in the lαβ color space. Experimental results show that our algorithm outperforms other existing state-of-the-art methods. In addition, due to the high scalability of our algorithm, key modules of the proposed algorithm can be integrated with other super resolution algorithms.
PE: it’s just me: physically active and healthy teacher bodies

This paper focuses on the significance of embodied understandings to the emerging subjectivities and pedagogical practices of pre-service teachers undertaking a Physical Education (PE) specialisation through a B.Ed. (primary/middle). Data from a research project conducted at an Australian university with seven pre-service teachers will be presented through three themes: ‘Naturally’ sporty bodies; Healthy bodies; and Embodied pedagogical practices. Our findings suggest that through the configurative function of narrative identity, participants merge lasting dispositions around embodied physicality with acquired dispositions around embodied health, fitness and pedagogical practices. In doing so, they locate themselves in a contemporary narrative of PE which reinforces assumptions that bodies, subjectivities and lives can be shaped so as to protect against risks associated with obesity.
In vivo mapping of cerebral acetylcholinesterase activity in aging and Alzheimer’s disease

Objective: To validate an in vivo method for mapping acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in human brain, preparatory to monitoring inhibitor therapy in AD. Background: AChE activity is decreased in postmortem AD brain. Lacking a reliable in vivo measure, little is known about central activity in early AD, when the disease is commonly targeted by AChE inhibitor drug therapy. Methods: Intravenous N-[11C]methylpiperidin-4-yl propionate ([11C]PMP) served as an in vivo AChE substrate. AChE activity was defined using cerebral PET for tracer kinetic estimates of the local rate of [11C]PMP hydrolysis in 26 normal controls and 14 patients with AD. Eleven AD patients also had concomitant in vivo cerebral measures of vesicular acetylcholine transporter (cholinergic terminal) density and glucose metabolism. Results: Cerebral AChE activity measures 1) were independent of changes in tracer delivery to cerebral cortex; 2) agreed with reported postmortem data concerning normal relative cerebral distributions, absence of large age-effect in normal aging, and deficits in AD; 3) correlated in AD cerebral cortex with concomitant in vivo measures of cholinergic terminal deficits, but not with metabolic deficits; and 4) agreed quantitatively with predicted level of cerebral AChE inhibition induced by physostimine. Conclusions: This in vivo PET method provided valid measures of central AChE activity in normal subjects and AD patients. Applied in early AD, it should facilitate inhibitor treatment by confirming central inhibition, optimizing drug dosage, identifying likely responders, and testing surrogate markers of therapeutic response.
Publishing School Examination Results in England: Incentives and consequences

Since 1992, the quality daily national press in England has published the examination results of secondary schools. In this paper, we discuss the policy context, the results that are published, how they are used by parents making preferences for secondary schools and the consequences of their publication. Overall, the publication of examination results has created a range of incentives for those in the education market place. These incentives serve to strengthen the position of certain categories of pupils on the one hand and certain types of schools on the other. The findings are discussed in the context of the Labour Government's focus on those at risk of social exclusion. Modified and additional indicators are proposed to mitigate the effects of the newly created quasi-market in education. 'League tables' are here to stay, for once information is in the public domain it cannot easily be suppressed.
High revision rates with the metal-on-metal Motec carpometacarpal joint prosthesis

We retrospectively evaluated a consecutive series of 42 Motec thumb carpometacarpal total joint arthroplasties. The primary endpoint was revision with implant removal and trapeziectomy. At follow-up the disability of the arm shoulder and hand (DASH) score, pain on numerical rating scale at rest and with activity and serum chrome and cobalt concentrations were assessed for both unrevised and revised patients. At a mean follow-up of 26 months, 17 patients had been revised. The 2 year cumulative revision rate was 42% (95% CI, 28–60%). The DASH score and pain scores at rest and with activity were comparable between the patients whose thumbs remained unrevised and those revised. Patients with elevated serum chrome and cobalt levels had significantly higher DASH and pain scores, but elevated levels were not associated with revision. The revision rate in this study is unacceptably high. However, pain and DASH scores after revision are acceptable and comparable with patients with non-revised implants. Level of evidence: IV
Suboptimal Inhibition of Platelet Cyclooxygenase-1 by Aspirin in Metabolic Syndrome

Interindividual variation in the ability of aspirin to inhibit platelet cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) could account for some on-treatment cardiovascular events. Here, we sought to determine whether there are clinical phenotypes that are associated with a suboptimal pharmacological effect of aspirin. In a prospective, 2-week study, we evaluated the effect of aspirin (81 mg) on platelet COX-1 in 135 patients with stable coronary artery disease by measuring serum thromboxane B2 (sTxB2) as an indicator of inhibition of platelet COX-1. A nested randomized study compared enteric-coated with immediate-release formulations of aspirin. We found that sTxB2 was systematically higher among the 83 patients with metabolic syndrome than among the 52 patients without (median: 4.0 versus 3.02 ng/mL; P=0.013). Twelve patients (14%) with metabolic syndrome, but none without metabolic syndrome, had sTxB2 levels consistent with inadequate inhibition of COX (sTxB2 ≥13 ng/mL). In linear regression models, metabolic syndrome (but none of its individual components) significantly associated with higher levels of log-transformed sTxB2 (P=0.006). Higher levels of sTxB2 associated with greater residual platelet function measured by aggregometry-based methods. Among the randomized subset, sTxB2 levels were systematically higher among patients receiving enteric-coated aspirin. Last, urinary 11-dehydro thromboxane B2 did not correlate with sTxB2, suggesting that the former should not be used to quantitate aspirin's pharmacological effect on platelets. In conclusion, metabolic syndrome, which places patients at high risk for thrombotic cardiovascular events, strongly and uniquely associates with less effective inhibition of platelet COX-1 by aspirin.
Effects of Tempo and Situational Arousal on the Listener's Perceptual and Affective Responses to Music

Based on previous research, this study formulates hypotheses concerning (1) the psychophysical relationship between musical tempo and perceived activity, (2) a nonmonotonic hedonic effect of musical tempo on affective responses, and (3) a shift in this preference function due to differences in situational arousal. An experiment manipulates tempo in the same piece ot music at 14 different speeds varying by equal percentage increases. T he findings appear to support (1) a strong psychophysical relationship between a multi-item index of perceived activity and the logarithm of musical tempo, (2) a nonmonotonic hedonic curve wherein affective responses reach their most favourable peak at an intermediate level of musical tempo, and (3) a sympathic shift of this single-peaked preference function to the right with increases in situational arousal.
MEANING IN THE SECOND LANGUAGE . Roumyana Slabakova. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2008. Pp. xi + 326.

the relationship of different identities across languages, whereas chapter 3, “Ethnographic and Sociolinguistic Contexts of Luso-Descendants in France and Portugal,” is a sociocultural exploration of the identities that come with being a Luso-descendant who lives in France. Part 2, “Bilinguals’ Identity Performance,” is composed of four chapters. Chapter 4, “Bilinguals’ Refl ections about the Impact of Two Languages on Context and Self,” describes the participants’ personal reactions to how they feel when they speak French and Portuguese. Chapters 5 and 6, “Enacting Bilingual Selves in Narrative,” are examinations of the actual discourse patterns used by the participants when speaking the two languages. Chapter 7, “Listeners’ Perceptions of Bilinguals in Each Language,” explores third-party perceptions of the dialogue in these languages. Part 3, entitled “Individual Speaker Profi les,” includes detailed profi les of two of the bilingual participants. Chapters 8 and 9 focus on the individual experiences of Teresa and Isabel, respectively, giving the book an ethnographic perspective. The book’s conclusion, which offers a synthesis of the work as a whole, is also included in this section. This volume is an excellent example of successful qualitative research and would be a useful reference for any researcher in this fi eld. From a pedagogical standpoint, this book would be extremely useful as a text for a course in discourse analysis and as a supplemental text for a qualitative research class. However, at $165.00 for the hardcover edition, the price is prohibitively expensive for graduate students; at the time of this review, no paperback edition was available. Nonetheless, it is a title that should appear on the reference list for any qualitative research methodology course. This book offers a unique perspective on the intricacies involved in being bilingual. Although many bilinguals will confi rm that they somehow feel like they have different personalities when speaking two different languages, there has been very little systematic documentation of this phenomenon. In this volume, which is the result of a methodologically sound empirical study, Koven successfully illustrates both self-perceptions and external perceptions of bilinguals interacting in their two languages and the repercussions thereof. Through discourse-centered approaches, the author systematically elucidates for the reader how bilinguals and those who interact with bilinguals can see distinct personalities arise with distinct languages.
Complement receptor 1 is the host erythrocyte receptor for Plasmodium falciparum PfRh4 invasion ligand

Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for the most severe form of malaria disease in humans, causing more than 1 million deaths each year. As an obligate intracellular parasite, P. falciparum’s ability to invade erythrocytes is essential for its survival within the human host. P. falciparum invades erythrocytes using multiple host receptor–parasite ligand interactions known as invasion pathways. Here we show that CR1 is the host erythrocyte receptor for PfRh4, a major P. falciparum ligand essential for sialic acid–independent invasion. PfRh4 and CR1 interact directly, with a Kd of 2.9 μM. PfRh4 binding is strongly correlated with the CR1 level on the erythrocyte surface. Parasite invasion via sialic acid–independent pathways is reduced in low-CR1 erythrocytes due to limited availability of this receptor on the surface. Furthermore, soluble CR1 can competitively block binding of PfRh4 to the erythrocyte surface and specifically inhibit sialic acid–independent parasite invasion. These results demonstrate that CR1 is an erythrocyte receptor used by the parasite ligand PfRh4 for P. falciparum invasion.