Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Red MSX Source survey: distribution and properties of a sample of massive young stars

The Red MSX Source (RMS) survey has identified a large sample of massive young stellar objects and ultra compact H II regions from a sample of ~2000 MSX and Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) colour selected sources. Using a recent catalogue of molecular clouds derived from the Boston University-Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (BU-FCRAO) Galactic Ring Survey (GRS), and by applying a Galactic scaleheight cut-off of 120 pc, we solve the distance ambiguity for RMS sources located within 18° 〈|l|〉 54°. These two steps yield kinematic distances to 291 sources out of a possible 326, located within the GRS longitude range. Combining distances and integrated fluxes derived from spectral energy distributions, we estimate luminosities to these sources and find that >90 per cent are indicative of the presence of a massive star. We find the completeness limit of our sample is ~10 4 L ⊙ , which corresponds to a zero-age main-sequence star with a mass of ~12 M ⊙ . Selecting only these sources, we construct a complete sample of 196 sources. Comparing the properties of the sample of young massive stars with the general population, we find the RMS clouds are generally larger, more massive, and more turbulent. We examine the distribution of this subsample with respect to the location of the spiral arms and the Galactic bar and find them to be spatially correlated. We identify three significant peaks in the source surface density at Galactocentric radii of approximately 4, 6 and 8 kpc, which correspond to the proposed positions of the Scutum, Sagittarius and Perseus spiral arms, respectively. Fitting a scaleheight to the data we obtain an average value of ~29 ± 0.5 pc, which agrees well with other reported values in the literature, however we note a dependence of the scaleheight on galactocentric radius with it increases from 30 to 45 pc between 2.5 and 8.5 kpc.
Ising M-p-spin mean-field model for the structural glass: Continuous versus discontinuous transition

The critical behavior of a family of fully connected mean-field models with quenched disorder, the $M-p$ Ising spin glass, is analyzed, displaying a crossover between a continuous and a random first order phase transition as a control parameter is tuned. Due to its microscopic properties the model is straightforwardly extendable to finite dimensions in any geometry.
The M31 globular cluster system: ugriz and K‐band photometry and structural parameters

We present an updated catalogue of M31 globular clusters (GCs) based on images from the Wide Field Camera (WFCAM) on the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope and from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Our catalogue includes new, self-consistent ugriz and K-band photometry of these clusters. We discuss the difficulty of obtaining accurate photometry of clusters projected against M31 due to small-scale background structure in the galaxy. We consider the effect of this on the accuracy of our photometry and provide realistic photometric error estimates. We investigate possible contamination in the current M31 GC catalogues using the excellent spatial resolution of these WFCAM images combined with the SDSS multicolour photometry. We identify a large population of clusters with very blue colours. Most of these have recently been proposed by other works as young clusters. We distinguish between these, and old clusters, in the final classifications. Our final catalogue includes 416 old clusters, 156 young clusters and 373 candidate clusters. We also investigate the structure of M31's old GCs using previously published King model fits to these WFCAM images. We demonstrate that the structure and colours of M31's old GC system are similar to those of the Milky Way. One GC (B383) is found to be significantly brighter in previous observations than observed here. We investigate all of the previous photometry of this GC and suggest that this variability appears to be genuine and short lived. We propose that the large increase in its luminosity may have been due to a classical nova in the GC at the time of the previous observations in 1989.
Bevacizumab beyond Progression for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma (BIOMARK): Phase II Safety, Efficacy and Biomarker Study

Simple Summary This was a multicenter, single-arm, phase II study comprising two protocol treatments. Patients were enrolled after craniotomy or biopsy and initiated the concurrent phase; oral daily temozolomide concomitant with radiation therapy during the first 6 weeks of treatment. Bevacizumab was intravenously administered every other week. The protocol-defined secondary therapy (i.e., BBP regimen) was given as bevacizumab monotherapy or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents upon first progression or recurrence until further progression or unacceptable toxicity developed. The primary endpoint, the 2-year survival rate of the BBP group, was 27.0% and was unmet. Expression profiling using RNA sequencing identified that Cluster 2, enriched with the genes involved in macrophage or microglia activation, was associated with longer OS and PFS independent of the MGMT methylation status. Abstract We evaluated the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab beyond progression (BBP) in Japanese patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma and explored predictors of response to bevacizumab. This phase II study evaluated a protocol-defined primary therapy by radiotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide plus bevacizumab, followed by bevacizumab monotherapy, and secondary therapy (BBP: bevacizumab upon progression). Ninety patients received the protocol-defined primary therapy (BBP group, n = 25). Median overall survival (mOS) and median progression-free survival (mPFS) were 25.0 and 14.9 months, respectively. In the BBP group, in which O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)-unmethylated tumors predominated, mOS and mPFS were 5.8 and 1.9 months from BBP initiation and 16.8 and 11.4 months from the initial diagnosis, respectively. The primary endpoint, the 2-year survival rate of the BBP group, was 27.0% and was unmet. No unexpected adverse events occurred. Expression profiling using RNA sequencing identified that Cluster 2, which was enriched with the genes involved in macrophage or microglia activation, was associated with longer OS and PFS independent of the MGMT methylation status. Cluster 2 was identified as a significantly favorable independent predictor for PFS, along with younger age and methylated MGMT. The novel expression classifier may predict the prognosis of glioblastoma patients treated with bevacizumab.
Moffatt vortices in the lid-driven cavity flow

In incompressible viscous flows in a confined domain, vortices are known to form at the corners and in the vicinity of separation points. The existence of a sequence of vortices (known as Moffatt vortices) at the corner with diminishing size and rapidly decreasing intensity has been indicated by physical experiments as well as mathematical asymptotics. In this work, we establish the existence of Moffatt vortices for the flow in the famous Lid-driven square cavity at moderate Reynolds numbers by using an efficient Navier-Stokes solver on non-uniform space grids. We establish that Moffatt vortices in succession follow fixed geometric ratios in size and intensities for a particular Reynolds number. In order to eliminate the possibility of spurious solutions, we confirm the physical presence of the small scales by pressure gradient computation along the walls.
DUST CONCENTRATION AT THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN STEADY SUPER/SUB-KEPLERIAN FLOW CREATED BY INHOMOGENEOUS GROWTH OF MAGNETO-ROTATIONAL INSTABILITY

How planetesimals are created from tiny dust particles in a proto-planetary disk before the dust particles spiral to the central star is one of the most challenging problems in the theory of planetary system formation. In our previous paper, we have shown that a steady angular velocity profile that consists of both super- and sub-Keplerian regions is created in the disk through non-uniform excitation of magneto-rotational instability (MRI). Such non-uniform MRI excitation is reasonably expected in a part of disks with relatively low ionization degree. In this paper, we show through three-dimensional resistive MHD simulations with test particles that this radial structure of the angular velocity indeed leads to the prevention of spiral-in of dust particles and furthermore to their accumulation at the boundary of super-Keplerian and sub-Keplerian regions. Treating dust particles as test particles, their motions under the influence of the non-uniform MRI through gas drag are simulated. In the most favorable cases (meter-size dust particles in the disk region with a relatively large fraction of MRI-stable region), we found that the dust concentration is peaked around the super/sub-Keplerian flow boundary and the peak dust density is 10,000 times as high as the initial value. The peak density is high enough for the subsequent gravitational instability to set in, suggesting a possible route to planetesimal formation via non-uniformly excited MRI in weakly ionized regions of a disk.
Dynamics of a Stochastic and Deterministic SVIQRS Cholera Epidemic Model

In the present research paper, deterministic and the corresponding stochastic mathematical models describing the dynamics of cholera epidemic are presented by incorporating vaccination. The total population size of the model is divided into ﬁve compartments namely Suscep-tible, Vaccinated, Infected, Quarantined for treatment and Recovered class. Initially, the cholera model is developed, and is determined by a deterministic approach. Since this deterministic approach is not considering either environmental factors or the randomness process of the dynamics, a corresponding stochastic approach has been introduced. The model equations of both deterministic and stochastic cases have been proved to be positive and also bounded. Furthermore, for both the models, mathematical formulations of the basic reproduction numbers are developed by employing the next generation matrix method. The analysis shows that the basic reproduction number for deterministic approach is much greater than that for the stochastic one. Finally, numerical simulations are also performed. The simulation study has revealed that combination of a decrease in contact between infected and susceptible individuals, increasing vaccination coverage, creating awareness to reduce contact rate, increasing recovery rate with proper treatment, and environmental sanitation are the most basic control strategies so as to eliminate cholera disease from the community.
White Dwarf Mass Distribution

We present the mass distribution for all S/N > 15 pure DA white dwarfs detected in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey up to Data Release 12, fitted with Koester models for ML2/alpha=0.8, and with Teff > 10 000 K, and for DBs with S/N >10, fitted with ML2/alpha=1.25, for Teff > 16 000 K. These mass distributions are for log g > 6.5 stars, i.e., excluding the Extremely Low Mass white dwarfs. We also present the mass distributions corrected by volume with the 1/Vmax approach, for stars brighter than g=19. Both distributions have a maximum at M=0.624 Msun but very distinct shapes. From the estimated z-distances, we deduce a disk scale height of 300 pc. We also present 10 probable halo white dwarfs, from their galactic U, V, W velocities.
Energy bunching in soft recollisions revealed with long-wavelength few-cycle pulses

Soft recollisions are laser-driven distant collisions of an electron with its parent ion. Such collisions may cause an energy bunching, since electrons with different initial drift momenta can acquire impulses which exactly counterbalance these differences. The bunching generates a series of peaks in the photo-electron spectrum. We will show that this series could be uncovered peak by peak experimentally by means of phase-stabilized few-cycle pulses with increasing duration.
Poor and rich dolphin optimization algorithm with modified deep fuzzy clustering for COVID‐19 patient analysis

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is considered as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), which has spread worldwide. Over millions of peoples are infected across the globe and several people are died. However, the most worrying group of patients suffered from lung severity with respiratory failure. Hence, cluster analysis is utilized for examining the heterogeneity of diseases for determining various clinical phenotypes having the same traits. This article devises an optimization‐driven technique for COVID‐19 patient analysis using the spark framework. Here, the input data is partitioned and fed to different slave nodes. In slave node, the selection of imperative features is done using the proposed poor and rich dolphin optimization algorithm (PRDOA). The proposed PRDOA is obtained by combining poor and rich (PRO) and dolphin echolation (DE) algorithm. The fitness is newly devised considering Minkowski distance measure. The clustering is performed on the master node using the proposed Tanimoto‐based deep fuzzy clustering (TDFC) for effective COVID‐19 patient analysis. Thus, the proposed TDFC is obtained by incorporating Tanimoto concept and deep fuzzy clustering. The proposed PRDOA with TDFC offered enhanced performance with the highest clustering accuracy of 89.8%, dice coefficient of 90%, Jaccard coefficient of 85.7%, and rand coefficient of 85.7%.
On the generalized Davenport constant and the Noether number

Known results on the generalized Davenport constant relating zero-sum sequences over a finite abelian group are extended for the generalized Noether number relating rings of polynomial invariants of an arbitrary finite group. An improved general upper degree bound for polynomial invariants of a non-cyclic finite group that cut out the zero vector is given.
Chen-Ruan cohomology of some moduli spaces, II

Let X be a compact connected Riemann surface of genus at least two. Let r be a prime number and \xi a holomorphic line bundle on it such that r is not a divisor of degree(\xi). Let {\mathcal M}_\xi(r) denote the moduli space of stable vector bundles over X of rank r and determinant \xi. By \Gamma we will denote the group of line bundles L over X such that $L^{\otimes r}$ is trivial. This group \Gamma acts on {\mathcal M}_\xi(r). We compute the Chen-Ruan cohomology of the corresponding orbifold.
The Determinants of Helpful Hotel Reviews: A Social Influence Perspective

Online hotel reviews regarding specific experiences and the sensibility of hotel reviewers are important sources of information for consumers who want to book hotels in the future. However, since thousands of reviews are written for one hotel, it is practically impossible for customers to read all the reviews. To alleviate this problem, OTAs (online travel agencies) provide a helpful vote of reviews, helping customers to quickly find helpful reviews without much effort. Therefore, in this study, a ZINB (zero-inflated negative binomial regression) was performed to investigate factors that influence the helpfulness of hotel reviews using the social influence theory. As a result of the analysis, it was found that location, service, and value of the hotel, alongside normative influencing factors and the length of the review (including informational influencing factors), affect the helpfulness of the review regardless of the city. The results of this study are expected to help hotel managers to take remedial action on negative reviews and strengthen the promotion of positive reviews, potentially helping to increase customer satisfaction.
Globular clusters as a probe for Weyl conformal gravity

Eventual flattening of velocity dispersion profiles of some galactic globular clusters (GCs) in the Milky Way cannot be explained in the framework of Newtonian gravity and hence in general theory of relativity in the weak field limit, without resorting to the occurrence of tidal effects. We explore the possibility of explaining such deviation from expected Keplerian fall-off in dispersion profiles within the context of Weyl conformal gravity. We choose a set of 20 GCs for which recent kinematic measurements are available. We model the GCs with approximate Hernquist mass profiles and choose a constant mass-to-light ratio throughout the cluster as the only free parameter in the model. Our analysis finds reasonable Weyl gravity fits to the observed dispersion profiles, exhibiting both Keplerian decline and eventual flattening, with acceptable mass-to-light ratios. We further recover a Tully–Fisher-like scaling relation in GCs through Weyl gravity.
Fixed-scale approach to finite-temperature lattice QCD with shifted boundaries

We study the thermodynamics of the SU(3) gauge theory using the fixed-scale approach with shifted boundary conditions. The fixed-scale approach can reduce the numerical cost of the zero-temperature part in the equation of state calculations, while the number of possible temperatures is limited by the integer ${N}_{t}$, which represents the temporal lattice extent. The shifted boundary conditions can overcome such a limitation while retaining the advantages of the fixed-scale approach. Therefore, our approach enables the investigation of not only the equation of state in detail but also the calculation of the critical temperature with increased precision even with the fixed-scale approach. We also observe numerically that the boundary conditions suppress the lattice artifact of the equation of state, which has been observed in the noninteracting limit.
Constraining the structure of the planet-forming region in the disk of the Herbig Be star HD 100546 ?

Studying the physical conditions in circumstellar disks is a crucial step toward understanding planet formation. Of particular interest is the case of HD 100546, a Herbig Be star that presents a gap within the first 13 AU of its protoplanetary disk, that may originate in the dynamical interactions of a forming planet. We gathered a large amount of new interferometric data using the AMBER/VLTI instrument in the H- and K-bands to spatially resolve the warm inner disk and constrain its structure. Then, combining these measurements with photometric observations, we analyze the circumstellar environment of HD 100546 in the light of a passive disk model based on 3D Monte-Carlo radiative transfer. Finally, we use hydrodynamical simulations of gap formation by planets to predict the radial surface density profile of the disk and test the hypothesis of ongoing planet formation. The SED and the NIR interferometric data are adequately reproduced by our model. We show that the H- and K-band emissions are coming mostly from the inner edge of the internal dust disk, located near 0.24 AU from the star, i.e., at the dust sublimation radius in our model. We directly measure an inclination of $33^{\circ} \pm 11^{\circ}$ and a position angle of $140^{\circ} \pm 16^{\circ}$ for the inner disk. This is similar to the values found for the outer disk ($i \simeq 42^{\circ}$, $PA \simeq 145^{\circ}$), suggesting that both disks may be coplanar. We finally show that 1 to 8 Jupiter mass planets located at $\sim 8$ AU from the star would have enough time to create the gap and the required surface density jump of three orders of magnitude between the inner and outer disk. However, no information on the amount of matter left in the gap is available, which precludes us from setting precise limits on the planet mass, for now.
“De-Territorialization” as Depicted by Shyam Selvadurai and Nayomi Munaweera

Concerning Sri Lankan Literature in English, this paper examines the causes and effects of “de - territorialization” as depicted in Funny Boy (1994) by Shyam Selvadurai and Island of A Thousand Mirrors (2013) by Nayomi Munaweera with special reference to Hom i K Bhabha s’ Location of Culture (1994). The study is primarily conducted based on a desk review of the two novels, supported by related theoretical and supplementary literature, and further sustained by an interview conducted with Prof. Maryse Jayasuriya. The study investigates the post-colonial de-territorialization that occurred in Sri Lanka according to Selvadurai, and Munaweera. According to the findings of the study political enigma, ethnic misunderstanding, and identity crisis are the main causes of de-territorialization. In line with it, the discussion is streamlined by means of interpretative tools of cultural studies and anthropology. Ultimately, the study strives to envisage the practicality of adapting to the requirement of coexistence, respecting the liminal identities and cultural differences of the other communities, and the unfeasibility of seeking territorial shift under the circumstance of social unrest.
Resonant quenching of Raman scattering due to out-of-plane A1g/A′1 modes in few-layer MoTe2

Abstract Temperature-dependent (5 K–300 K) Raman scattering study of A1g/A′1 phonon modes in mono-layer (1L), bilayer (2L), trilayer (3L), and tetralayer (4L) MoTe2 is reported. The temperature evolution of the modes’ intensity critically depends on the flake thickness. In particular with λ=632.8-nm light excitation, a strongly non-monotonic dependence of the A1g mode intensity is observed in 2L MoTe2. The intensity decreases with decreasing temperature down to 220 K, and the A1g mode almost completely vanishes from the Stokes scattering spectrum in the temperature range between 160 K and 220 K. The peak recovers at lower temperatures, and at T=5 K, it becomes three times more intense that at room temperature. Similar non-monotonic intensity evolution is observed for the out-of-plane mode in 3L MoTe2 in which tellurium atoms in all three layers vibrate in-phase. The intensity of the other out-of-plane Raman-active mode (with vibrations of tellurium atoms in the central layer shifted by 180° with respect to the vibrations in outer layers) only weakly depends on temperature. The observed quenching of the Raman scattering in 2L and 3L MoTe2 is attributed to a destructive interference between the resonant and non-resonant contributions to the Raman scattering amplitude. The observed “antiresonance” is related to the electronic excitation at the M point of the Brillouin zone in few-layer MoTe2.
Corrected Version : Spectroscopic analysis of stellar mass black-hole mergers in our local universe with ground-based gravitational wave detectors

Motivated by the recent discoveries of binary black-hole mergers by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (Advanced LIGO), we investigate the prospects of ground-based detectors to perform a spectroscopic analysis of signals emitted during the ringdown of the ﬁnal Kerr black-hole formed by a stellar mass binary black-hole merger. If we assume an optimistic rate of 240 Gpc − 3 yr − 1 , about 3 events per year can be measured by Advanced LIGO. Further, upgrades to the existing LIGO detectors will increase the odds of measuring multiple ringdown modes signiﬁcantly. New ground-based facilities such as Einstein Telescope or Cosmic Explorer could measure multiple ringdown modes in about thousand events per year. We perform Monte-Carlo injections of 10 6 binary black-hole mergers in a search volume deﬁned by a sphere of radius 1500 Mpc centered at the detector, for various proposed ground-based detector models. We assume a uniform random distribution in component masses of the progenitor binaries, sky positions and orientations to investigate the fraction of the population that satisfy our criteria for detectability and resolvability of multiple ringdown modes. We investigate the detectability and resolvability of the sub-dominant modes l = m = 3, l = m = 4 and l = 2 , m = 1. Our results indicate that the modes with l = m = 3 and l = 2 , m = 1 are the most promising candidates for sub-dominant mode measurability. We ﬁnd that for stellar mass black-hole mergers, resolvability is not a limiting criteria for these modes. We emphasize that the measurability of the l = 2 , m = 1 mode is not impeded by the resolvability criterion.