Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Optimum Condition Design of Microwave-assisted Extraction Combined Lactic Acid-Sucrose Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent on Polyphenols Enrichment from Eleutherine bulbosa Mill. Urb. Bulbs

: The advantages of natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) for bioactive extraction to create formulations for nutraceuticals and cosmetics include biodegradability, biocompatibility, secondary metabolite extractability, and food grade. This study aims to design the optimum condition of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) combined lactic acid-sucrose (LA-Suc)-based NADES on polyphenolic enrichment from the bulbs of Eleutherine bulbosa Mill. Urb. using response surface methodology (RSM). In the present study, the condition of MAE-combined LA-Suc-based NADES parameters, including NADES (LA-Suc) ratio, microwave irradiation time, solid-liquid ratio, and microwave irradiation power, had been involved. RSM with four factors and three levels (Box-Behnken Design) was applied to design a predictive model and optimize the MAE-combined LA-Suc-based NADES condition. The response surface was calculated using the total polyphenols content (TPC) value as the dependent variable. According to the result, the optimum condition of MAE combined LA-Suc based NADES was recommended according to RSM analysis as follows: NADES (LA-Suc) ratio of 4:1 g/g, irradiation time of 10 min, the solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 g/mL, and irradiation power of 360 Watts. The scale-up confirmation test using a 50 g sample (ten times the number of the sample) was observed to be 82.434 ± 1.623 mg GAE/g sample.
Metabolic Deregulation in Pulmonary Hypertension

The high morbidity and mortality rate of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is partially explained by metabolic deregulation. The present study complements our previous publication in “Genes” by identifying significant increases of the glucose transporter solute carrier family 2 (Slc2a1), beta nerve growth factor (Ngf), and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nfe2l2) in three standard PAH rat models. PAH was induced by subjecting the animals to hypoxia (HO), or by injecting with monocrotaline in either normal (CM) or hypoxic (HM) atmospheric conditions. The Western blot and double immunofluorescent experiments were complemented with novel analyses of previously published transcriptomic datasets of the animal lungs from the perspective of the Genomic Fabric Paradigm. We found substantial remodeling of the citrate cycle, pyruvate metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and fructose and mannose pathways. According to the transcriptomic distance, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis was the most affected functional pathway in all three PAH models. PAH decoupled the coordinated expression of many metabolic genes, and replaced phosphomannomutase 2 (Pmm2) with phosphomannomutase 1 (Pmm1) in the center of the fructose and mannose metabolism. We also found significant regulation of key genes involved in PAH channelopathies. In conclusion, our data show that metabolic dysregulation is a major PAH pathogenic factor.
What determines the degree of product customization? An empirical investigation

: The external environment is of primary importance in determining the strategic decisions that a company intends to pursue, which in turn affect the organizational design choices. The degree of product customization that a firm provides to its customer is widely recognized as a key strategic decision in the context of mass customization. However, the external environmental factors that determine the degree of product customization have yet to be investigated empirically. To narrow this research gap, the present paper empirically examines the impacts of three external, environmental factors, namely competitive intensity, heterogeneity of customer demands and dynamism of customer demands, on the degree of product customization using survey data from 195 manufacturing plants in three industries and eight countries. The paper identifies the dynamism of customer demands as the key factor that pushes firms to increase the degree of product customization they provide to their customers.
Performance Analysis of a Drone-Assisted FSO Communication System over Málaga Turbulence under AoA Fluctuations

Future wireless communications have been envisaged to benefit from integrating drones and free space optical (FSO) communications, which would provide links with line-of-sight propagation and large communication capacity. The theoretical performance analysis for a drone-assisted downlink FSO system is investigated. Furthermore, this paper utilizes the Málaga distribution to characterize the effect of atmospheric turbulence on the optical signal for the drone–terrestrial user link, taking into account atmospheric attenuation, pointing errors, and angle-of-arrival fluctuations. The probability density function and cumulative distribution function are then expressed in closed-form using the heterodyne detection and indirect modulation/direct detection techniques, respectively. Thereafter, the analytical expressions including the average bit error rate (BER) and the ergodic capacity are given. Particularly, the asymptotic behavior of the average BER of the considered system is presented using heterodyne detection at high optical power. The Monte Carlo simulation results certify the theoretical analytical results. Correspondingly, the field-of-view of the receiver is analyzed for optimal communication performance.
Variable Leases under ASC 842: First Evidence on Properties and Consequences

The new lease standard (ASC 842) allows firms to keep variable leases off-balance-sheet, on the assumption that future expenses cannot be estimated reliably. We show that variable-lease expenses are common and significant; they are as persistent and predictable as operating-lease expenses, and they are not very responsive to changes in revenues. After adopting ASC 842, firms report 3.5% lower minimum operating lease commitments on average. This decline reflects firms’ compliance with ASC 842 rather than a shift of operating leases off-balance-sheet. After adopting ASC 842, firms’ leverage increases substantially; equity betas increase modestly and credit ratings decrease modestly, but neither of them reflect potential variable-lease liabilities. Conservative estimates show that recognition of variable-lease liabilities would increase debt by 8% on average. Overall, our findings challenge the assumptions underlying ASC 842’s differential treatment of variable leases.
A One-Factor Lognormal Markovian Interest Rate Model: Theory and Implementation

This paper presents a parsimonious Markovian interest rate model where the logarithm of the interest rate process is a scaled and shifted Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. The model has many desirable properties such as lognormal distributed rates, mean reversion, and time-varying parameters. The corresponding discrete (lattice) approximation reduces to the discretization of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, as we demonstrate by a simple and efficient trinomial lattice. In calibrating the model to the initial yield curve (or, equivalently, the term structure of zero-coupon bonds), we need only solve a linear equation instead of a nonlinear one as in current practice. This saves a considerable amount of computation time, especially in calibrating the model to interest rate options where calibrating to the yield curve is repeated many times over. The paper also discusses the merits of Monte-Carlo simulation of paths from the calibrated lattice.
Comment on the Feasibility of Carbon Burning in Betelgeuse

The recent pre-print (version published to arxiv on 2023 June 3rd) by Saio et al. argues that the supergiant Betelgeuse is already undergoing carbon burning, based the assumption that all of its light variations are caused by radial pulsations. However, the angular diameter measurements of the star are in conflict with the stellar radius required by their models, as we show in this note. We discuss the feasibility that the Great Dimming was caused by constructive mode interference using long-term brightness measurements and comment on differences in modeling frameworks adopted in Saio et al. versus Joyce et al.
A Text-Detecting Method Based on Improved CTPN

In the intelligent electric power inspection system, when the nameplate image is collected on site and transmitted back to the server, the server system needs to identify the text information in the nameplate, and the detection of the text area is a key step. By discussing the CTPN algorithm, this paper proposes an improved CTPN text detection algorithm, which makes up for its shortcomings in identifying oblique text and further improves the detection precision.
Invariant manifold growth formula in cylindrical coordinates and its application for magnetically confined fusion

For three-dimensional vector fields, the governing formula of invariant manifolds grown from a hyperbolic cycle is given in cylindrical coordinates. The initial growth directions depend on the Jacobians of Poincaré map on that cycle, for which an evolution formula is deduced to reveal the relationship among Jacobians of different Poincaré sections. The evolution formula also applies to cycles in arbitrary finite n-dimensional autonomous continuous-time dynamical systems. Non-Möbiusian/Möbiusian saddle cycles and a dummy X-cycle are constructed analytically as demonstration. A real-world numeric example of analyzing a magnetic field timeslice on EAST is presented.
Compact and portable quantum sensor module using diamond NV centers

We developed a compact and portable measuring instrument using diamond NV centers that operates on the USB 3.0 power supply of a laptop computer. Its portability is achieved by the low power consumption of the optics, realized by the diamond corner cube that enhanced the current of the photodiode to 2.1 times higher than that of the planar diamond, and that of the microwave source, reduced by 20 dB, which was realized by a microwave resonator using a λ/4 open stub that strongly magnetically drives the NV center. These results contribute to the social implementation of diamond sensors.
In Vitro Conservation and Regeneration of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.): Role of Paclobutrazol and Silver Nanoparticles

In vitro conservation and regeneration of potato germplasm is important in breeding programs. The objective of this study was to assess the combined effect of paclobutrazol (PAC) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) during reduced-growth conservation and their in vitro ability to regenerate S. tuberosum after conservation treatments. For the conservation system, apices were used as explants in Murashige and Skoog culture media with different combinations of PAC (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg L−1) and AgNPs (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg L−1). At six months of culture, plant length, number of lateral branches, number of leaves and roots, root length, stomatal density and total chlorophyll content were assessed. For regeneration, explants were internodes cultured in medium with only 2 mg L−1 benzyladenine (BA). At 60 d of culture, the response percentage, number of shoots per explant and shoot length were assessed. For in vitro conservation, the combination of 2 mg L−1 PAC and 50 mg L−1 AgNPs was the best treatment, whereas for in vitro regeneration, the highest number of shoots was in explants that were treated with 1 or 2 mg L−1 PAC with 50 mg L−1 AgNPs. In conclusion, PAC and AgNPs are alternatives for in vitro S. tuberosum conservation, and their evaluation in other species recalcitrant to the effect of ethylene is recommended.
Institutionalized zakāh in addressing well-being problems in non- Muslim Majority Sri Lanka

Institutionalized zakāh has long been a decisive tool that provides various types of support to addressing a variety of well-being problems of the Muslim community in Sri Lanka, a country where such a community is a minority. Being significantly successful to empowering the underprivileged of the community, the zakāh has also faced challenges that negatively impacted its effective functioning. This study aimed to investigate institutionalized zakāh’s multiple support, identifying its challenges and suggesting some recommendations to make its’ role more effective. This is an exploratory study used qualitative data collected through interviews with five zakāh institutions in the Eastern part of the country. The findings showed that: zakāh provided the target community with access to basic needs, economic opportunities and assistance for higher education. However, the shortage of professional and properly trained human resources, misuse of support, lack of beneficiary monitoring mechanism, and lack of community awareness on zakāh were all identified as prime challenges that have to be addressed to attain the utmost benefits from the embedded potential of zakāh.
Probabilistic Adaptive Spatial-Temporal Regularized Correlation Filters for UAV Tracking

Most existing trackers based on spatial-temporal regularized correlation filters exploit response map variation to adapt regularization terms to object appearance changes automatically. However, these trackers ignore the high uncertainty of the response map when the object is occluded or similar objects around, making them unable to learn reliable filters accurately. Furthermore, most correlation filters use linear interpolation directly to up-date the filter model at each frame, which may cause model degradation once the tracking result is inaccurate or missing. In this work, we propose a novel probabilistic adaptive spatial-temporal regularized correlation filters (PASTRCF) to solve the two issues mentioned above. A probabilistic model constructing the reliability of the response map is introduced to accurately utilize the information in the response map to learn regularization coefficients adaptively. The adaptive threshold mechanism provides an appropriate strategy to update the filter model to alleviate model degradation. Extensive experiments on UAV benchmarks have proven the favorable performance of our method compared to the state-of-art trackers, with robust tracking while ensuring real-time performance.
Development and Impact of an Intercultural STEAM Program on Science Classroom Creativity

As collaboration among scientists from diverse backgrounds can help generate theories and foster the discovery of natural phenomena, the importance of creativity via collaboration in science learning has been widely recognized. This study aimed to investigate the science classroom creativity of Korean high school students who participated in an Australia-Korea intercultural STEAM program (ISP). Due to COVID-19 restrictions, data was only collected from Korean students. The Revised Science Classroom Creativity Questionnaire (R-SCCQ) was administered to 25 Korean students, and interviews were conducted with 10 students to explore creative behavior. The results showed a significant increase in students’ science classroom creativity following their participation in the ISP. This study shows that the intercultural experience provided by the program can help induce a more flexible mindset and encourage different perspectives, ultimately enhancing science classroom creativity. This finding is significant as it highlights the potential of the ISP as a new teaching method for promoting creativity in science education.
Production and testing of the large-area photon detector ArCLight

Compact large-area dielectric photon detectors that ensure modular noble liquid detectors can sense scintillation light signals for triggering and reconstruction purposes with minimal impact to the overall target volume. ArCLight is a small-volume, sizeable sensitive-area detector that consists of a light trap covered in a thin layer of TPB that can be placed inside a time projection chamber's electric field. These sensors are used in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment Near Detector liquid argon (DUNE ND-LAr). They are constructed and tested at the University of Bern and will be deployed in the prototype experiment ProtoDUNE-ND. The talk discusses the details of assembling ArCLights, the quality control methods, and the test studies done with LEDs to assess their performance.
Diffusions, Markov Processes and Martingales - Vol 1: Foundations

diffusions markov processes and martingales vol 1 foundations are a good way to achieve details about operating certainproducts. Many products that you buy can be obtained using instruction manuals. These user guides are clearlybuilt to give step-by-step information about how you ought to go ahead in operating certain equipments. Ahandbook is really a user's guide to operating the equipments. Should you loose your best guide or even the productwould not provide an instructions, you can easily obtain one on the net. You can search for the manual of yourchoice online. Here, it is possible to work with google to browse through the available user guide and find the mainone you'll need. On the net, you'll be able to discover the manual that you might want with great ease andsimplicity
Lawsonia inermis Linn: A breakthrough in cosmeceuticals

Herbal cosmetics are formulated using different cosmetic ingredients to form the base in which one or more herbal ingredients are used to cure various skin ailments. The name suggests that herbal cosmetics are natural and free from all the harmful synthetic chemicals that otherwise may be toxic to the skin. Compared to other beauty products, natural cosmetics are safe to use. Cosmeceuticals are cosmetic-pharmaceutical hybrid products intended to improve the health and beauty of the skin by providing a specific result. There are numerous herbs available naturally that have different uses in cosmetic preparations for skincare, hair care, and as antioxidants. The current study included a review and authentication of the various aspects of the plant Lawsonia inermis. L. inermis, commonly known as henna. It has been cultivated for thousands of years for its leaves, which contain a natural dye molecule called lawsone that is commonly used to dye hair, skin, and fabrics. Henna has a long history of use in traditional medicine, where it has been used to treat a variety of ailments. In addition to its medicinal and cosmetic uses, henna has cultural and religious significance in many parts of the world and is commonly used to decorate the skin for weddings, festivals, and other special occasions. Because of these therapeutic properties, the L. inermis plant can be used as a medicine against a wide range of pathogenic organisms and diseases. This review covers the phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and traditional uses of the plant.
Algorithms Study of Building Boundary Extraction and Normalization Based on LIDAR Data

The building boundary extraction and normalization are the key approach for LIDAR data processing and building 3D modeling.In this paper,"Alpha Shapes algorithm" is first applied on the LIDAR data to extract the building boundary.In addition,an enhanced boundary simplifying algorithm,i.e."Pipe Algorithm" and two other developed normalization algorithms,"Circumcircle Regularization Algorithm" "Cluster and Adjustment Algorithm" are used to improve the extracted boundary.Finally,the normalized building boundary is generated perfectly with these algorithms.A limited accumulated points S has an alpha shape in polygon.This polygon is determined by S and α. We can imagine that a circle with an α radius is rolling around the S.When α value is big enough,the circle will not fall into the area of accumulated points.The rolling track will form the boundary of these discrete points(for example LIDAR data). Contrarily,when the α value is very small(α→ 0),every point might be the boundary.When the alpha value is approaching infinity(α→∞),alpha shape will be the convex hull.When the S contains evenly distributed points and α value approaching optimum value,the alpha shape can extract the inner and outer boundary of convex and concave polygon.The boundary obtained from Alpha Shape Algorithm above is rough which can be defined as raw boundary.In this paper,an enhanced simplifying algorithm,i.e."Pipe Algorithm" is developed to simplify the raw outline which usually is composed of zigzag shape.Pipe Algorithm retrieves the polygon inflexion points based on the changes of angle direction.These inflexion points are retained while the intermediate points are eliminated.The remained inflexion points will establish a basic framework of the polygon.At the same time,two other developed normalization algorithms,Circumcircle Regularization Algorithm Cluster and Adjustment Algorithm are used to improve the extracted polygon framework.Now,the two normalization algorithms can be applied for four sided and multi-sided polygon(greater than four sides and the number of side must be even number). Compared with other algorithms,"Alpha Shapes" algorithm can effectively and stably process LIDAR points-cloud data with high precision.At the same time,it can keep fine features of any building shape boundary while filter the footprints of non-building.The experiment results show that these algorithms are excellent in building boundary(convex concave polygons) extraction and normalization.The error between the extracted building boundary and the actual outline is usually less than 0.5 m.
The Analysis of Ratios of Odds Ratios in Stratified Contingexlcy Tables

The ratio of odds ratios in a 2 x 2 x 2 contingency table is applicable to both cohort and case-control studies as a measure of the interaction effect (on the logit scale) of two dichotomous exposure factors on a dichotomous response. Analysis of this parameter is here extended by the introduction of a fourth factor for stratification of the table, in order to control for confounding or to study homogeneity of the effects of interest. The exact conditional distribution of the sufficient statistic is outlined, and this leads to exact methods for testing homogeneity of ratios of odds ratios over strata, and for inference concerning a common parameter value. Large-sample methods, based on the asymptotic distribution and on Mantel-Haenszel principles, are developed and compared with log-linear model maximum likelihood and arcsin transformation methods. A case-control study of cervical dysplasia in relation to two common sexually-transmitted pathogens serves as an example. The study of main effects of each exposure in such a setting is also discussed. Consideration of a ratio of odds ratios arises naturally in studying relationships between three dichotomous factors. Bartlett's (1935) condition for no three-factor interaction in a 2 x 2 x 2 contingency table is equivalent to the assertion that the true ratio of odds ratios equals one (provided that its value exists). The parameter has a variety of potential applications. In one usage (a), given two treatments (Factor 2) and a dichotomous outcome or response (Factor 1), it is of interest to assess homogeneity of the relative efficacy of the two treatments under two different environmental conditions (Factor 3). This situation was discussed by Zacks and Solomon (1976), who reduced the problem to inference concerning a ratio of odds ratios-specifically, the ratio of outcome-to-Factor 2 odds ratios, with the component odds ratios conditioned on different levels of Factor 3. (Note that the value of the resultant ratio does not depend on the order of conditioning by the two factors.) This application is a special case of a more general usage (b), in which there are four cohorts of observational units defined by observed or experimentallyapplied levels of two dichotomous factors (Factors 2 and 3), a dichotomous outcome is observed, and it is of interest to assess the interaction effect of the two factors on outcome. A third potential usage (c) is in case-control studies involving two exposure factors. In such studies, it is possible to estimate Factor 2-to-outcome odds ratios conditional on each level of the second exposure factor, Factor 3. A well-known fact, central to the interpretation of results from case-control studies, is that odds ratios are invariant under interchange of roles of the two dichotomies on which they are defined. The ratio of these two