Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Mll–AF9 gene fusion in mice controls myeloproliferation and specifies acute myeloid leukaemogenesis

The MLL gene from human chromosome 11q23 is involved in >30 different chromosomal translocations resulting in a plethora of different MLL fusion proteins. Each of these tends to associate with a specific leukaemia type, for example, MLL–AF9 is found mainly in acute myeloid leukaemia. We have studied the role of the Mll–AF9 gene fusion made in mouse embryonic stem cells by an homologous recombination knock‐in. Acute leukaemias developed in heterozygous mice carrying this fusion as well as in chimeric mice. As with human chromosomal translocation t(9;11), the majority of cases were acute myeloid leukaemias (AMLs) involving immature myeloblasts, but a minority were acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The AMLs were preceded by effects on haematopoietic differentiation involving a myeloproliferation resulting in accumulation of Mac‐1/Gr‐1 double‐positive mature myeloid cells in bone marrow as early as 6 days after birth. Therefore, non‐malignant expansion of myeloid precursors is the first stage of Mll–AF9‐mediated leukaemia followed by accumulation of malignant cells in bone marrow and other tissues. Thus, the late onset of overt tumours suggests that secondary tumorigenic mutations are necessary for malignancy associated with MLL–AF9 gene fusion and that myeloproliferation provides the pool of cells in which such events can occur.
Vocational and Technical Education in Nigeria: Issues, Problems and Prospects’ Dimensions (IPP)

Vocational education deals with the training or retraining designed to prepare individuals to enter into a paid employment in any recognized occupation. On the other hand technical education deals with the training of technical personnel for the purposes of initiating, facilitating and implementing the technological development of a nation and create the basic awareness of technological literacy to our youths. In Nigeria, the training of technical personnel has witnessed formidable challenges ranging from poor funding to inadequate facilities, brain drain, poor staff training and defective curricular. This paper intends to critically examine the issues, problems and prospects of vocational and technical education in Nigeria and suggest ways to improve the teaching and learning of vocational/technical education with enhanced enthusiasm and vibrancy.
Single Display Groupware: Exploring Computer Support for Co-located Collaboration

This panel will explore an interaction paradigm for co-located computer-based collaboration we term Single Display Groupware (SDG). SDG is a class of applications that support multiple simultaneous users interacting in a co-located environment on a single shared display with multiple input-devices. SDG are being used in various applications in the educational, entertainment and research communities, but many issues remain to be explored
A Novel Approach for Ground Moving Targets SAR Imaging Based on Second Order Keystone Transform

In ground moving target imaging, migration through range cells (MTRC) would cause worse imaging result than that in static target imaging. For the large range curvature cannot be effectively resolved by usual keystone algorithms, a novel approach aiming at solving this phenomenon is proposed in this paper. It uses second order keystone transform to correct the range curvature in the data after range compression. Then, the matched filter can be constructed with estimated Doppler center frequency and Doppler rate. Therefore, the moving targets can be indicated in focused SAR image. Simultaneously, the estimated Doppler parameters can be used to calculate the instantaneous motion parameters. Finally, simulation imaging result of point targets shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Online book recommendation system

Today the amount of information in the internet growth very rapidly and people need some instruments to find and access appropriate information. One of such tools is called recommendation system. Recommendation systems help to navigate quickly and receive necessary information. Generally they are used in Internet shops to increase the profit. This paper proposes a quick and intuitive book recommendation system that helps readers to find appropriate book to read next. The overall architecture is presented with it's detailed description. We used a collaborative filtering method based on Pearson correlation coefficient. Finally the experimental results based on the online survey are provided with some discussions.
DiffServ over MPLS : Tuning QOS parameters for Converged Traffic using Linux Traffic Control

— MPLS over DiffServ couples the diffserv's per hop guarantees with MPLS traffic engineering capabilities to provide better quality of service (QoS) guarantees than that provided by MPLS or DiffServ alone. Linux provides powerful traffic control features to ensure proper traffic classification and differentiation. However, the current implementation of the traffic filter, used for MPLS over DiffServ architecture on Linux, exhibits certain drawbacks. This paper discusses the shortcomings of the current filter implementation and proposes a new filter that is capable of alleviating the problems.
Brush-based Cytology Screening in the Tonsils and Cervix: There Is a Difference!

This perspective on the report by Fakhry and colleagues in this issue of the journal (beginning on page 1378) examines the diagnostic accuracy of a “Pap-test equivalent” for screening for human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers in the tonsils. HPV infection is strongly associated with cancer development in the oropharynx (tonsils and base of tongue) and cervix; the data discussed here underscore the differences in screening for cervical versus oropharyngeal malignancies and discuss some of the challenges and limitations associated with screening for tonsillar premalignancy and early cancers. Cancer Prev Res; 4(9); 1350–2. ©2011 AACR.
Digital image forgery — A threaten to digital forensics

Photography is an art. A digital image is a part of the real world formed after cycles of image generation process. From the initial days of photographic images itself, security and authenticity were major issues. With the era of digital images, the process of altering an image became so popular. The supersonic development in this particular field helps a layman to tamper the image effortlessly. Powerful editing software allows even relatively inexperienced users to process digital images in a convenient way which can challenge the authenticity. So it is inevitable to have an image forgery detection tool to prove the genuineness of the digital image. Without any prior information of the source and the details of a forged image, the passive (blind) techniques detect the image forgery by evaluating the changes in the properties of an image. This paper presents a survey on the recent passive methods for image forgery detection.
Spatial Structure Facilitates Cooperation in a Social Dilemma: Empirical Evidence from a Bacterial Community

Cooperative organisms are ubiquitous in nature, despite their vulnerability to exploitation by cheaters. Although numerous theoretical studies suggest that spatial structure is critical for cooperation to persist, the spatial ecology of microbial cooperation remains largely unexplored experimentally. By tracking the community dynamics of cooperating (rpoS wild-type) and cheating (rpoS mutant) Escherichia coli in well-mixed flasks and microfabricated habitats, we demonstrate that spatial structure stabilizes coexistence between wild-type and mutant and thus facilitates cooperator maintenance. We develop a method to interpret our experimental results in the context of game theory, and show that the game wild-type and mutant bacteria play in an unstructured environment changes markedly over time, and eventually obeys a prisoner’s dilemma leading to cheater dominance. In contrast, when wild-type and mutant E. coli co-inhabit a spatially-structured habitat, cooperators and cheaters coexist at intermediate frequencies. Our findings show that even in microhabitats lacking patchiness or spatial heterogeneities in resource availability, surface growth allows cells to form multi-cellular aggregates, yielding a self-structured community in which cooperators persist.
Sub-degree Sunyaev-zel'dovich Signal from Multi-frequency Boomerang Observations

The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect is the inverse Compton-scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons by hot electrons in the intervening gas throughout the Universe. The effect has a distinct spectral signature that allows its separation from other signals in multi-frequency CMB datasets. Using CMB anisotropies measured at three frequencies by the BOOMERANG 2003 flight we constrain SZ fluctuations in the 10 arcminute to one degree angular range. Propagating errors and potential systematic effects through simulations, we obtain an overall upper limit of 15.3 µK (2σ) for rms SZ fluctuations in a broad bin between multipoles of of 250 and 1200 at the Rayleigh-Jeans (RJ) end of the spectrum. When combined with other CMB anisotropy and SZ measurements, we find that the local Universe normalization of the density perturbations is σ SZ 8 < 0.96 at the 95% confidence level, consistent with σ 8 determined from primordial perturbations. Subject headings: cosmology: observations — cosmology: cosmological parameters — cosmic microwave background — large-scale structure of universe
Compiling Parallel Sparse Code for User(cid:0)De(cid:1)ned Data

We describe how various sparse matrix and distribution formats can be handled using the relational approach to sparse matrix code compilation(cid:0) This approach allows for the development of compilation techniques that are independent of the storage formats by viewing the data structures as relations and abstracting the implementation details as access methods(cid:0) (cid:0)
Towards Standards-driven Educational Content Providers

Currently, both public and private institutions involved in the e-learning game are gathering their efforts to obtain standards and recommendations supporting interoperability among heterogeneous platforms. Results from this standardization process allow Educational Content Providers (ECPs) to offer courses ready to use in any learning platform supporting the corresponding standards. This paper presents a set of software components with open interfaces that facilitate the development of distributed, interoperable and standards-driven Educational Content Providers. To materialize these interfaces or services, CORBA was selected as the technological supporting infrastructure.
A Stakeholder-Guided Collaborative Approach to Improve Water Quality in a Nutrient Surplus Watershed

The need for water quality improvement in nutrient surplus watersheds is a pressing issue on the agenda of some government agencies and environmental organizations. Including the water quality perceptions of different affected stakeholder groups in the decision-making process may help in addressing this issue. Unfortunately, there is a lack of published research focusing specifically on understanding how Arkansas stakeholders’ perceptions of water quality issues can be used to build and implement comprehensive and workable water quality management plans. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use a stakeholder-guided collaborative approach to help research and outreach personnel to understand water quality perceptions of key stakeholders and to integrate stakeholder engagement in both the decision-making process and in the implementation of water quality management strategies within the Lincoln Lake Watershed in northwest Arkansas. Two key stakeholder groups (i.e., Locals—residents and agricultural producers—and Outsiders—water quality specialist across the state) were surveyed to assess their perceptions regarding: 1) causes of watershed water quality problems, 2) parties responsible for water quality improvement, 3) effectiveness and affordability of best management practices to reduce water quality degradation, and 4) the stakeholders’ interactions with county, state and federal government. A total of 209 complete surveys (49% response rate) were received. Survey responses were compared to determine if significant differences existed between the two stakeholder groups’ perceptions of water quality performing Fisher’s exact tests. Results from the study showed that water quality is still perceived as an issue in the Lincoln Lake Watershed. Significant differences were found between the two stakeholder groups’ perceptions regarding: 1) different groups’ contributions to water degradation, 2) groups’ responsibilities for cleanup, 3) effectiveness of five best management practices, 4) affordability of four best management practices, and 5) what level of government (i.e., county, state, federal) best represents Locals’ water quality needs and concerns. The lessons learned from this collaborative approach helped identifying Locals’ important knowledge gaps regarding water quality and best management practices effectiveness. Consequently, awareness and education campaigns in conjunction with a stewardship recognition program were conducted to encourage appropriate water conservation strategies within the Lincoln Lake watershed and its adjacent areas.
Recovering Drawing Order from Offline Handwritten Image Using Direction Context and Optimal Euler Path

This paper addresses the problem to recover drawing order from single-stroked offline handwritten image. The recovery problem is formulated as to find the smoothest path to cover all the edges in the graph representation of an input image. The two main contributions are: (1) we introduce direction context to calculate the smoothness between edges; (2) the smoothest path is found by solving a new graph problem: the optimal Euler path problem. An O(n+m+nlog(m/2)) time algorithm is developed to find the optimal Euler path in a graph with 4-degree nodes only. The double traced lines are identified using the maximum weighted matching of general graph. Experimental results on about 13,000 static images converted from the online data in the Unipen database demonstrated the utility of our methods
Constrained Delaunay Triangulation for Ad Hoc Networks

Geometric spanners can be used for efficient routing in wireless ad hoc networks. Computation of existing spanners for ad hoc networks primarily focused on geometric properties without considering network requirements. In this paper, we propose a new spanner called constrained Delaunay triangulation (CDT) which considers both geometric properties and network requirements. The CDT is formed by introducing a small set of constraint edges into local Delaunay triangulation (LDel) to reduce the number of hops between nodes in the network graph. We have simulated the CDT using network simulator (ns-2.28) and compared with Gabriel graph (GG), relative neighborhood graph (RNG), local Delaunay triangulation (LDel), and planarized local Delaunay triangulation (PLDel). The simulation results show that the minimum number of hops from source to destination is less than other spanners. We also observed the decrease in delay, jitter, and improvement in throughput.
Response of a magneto‐rheological fluid damper subjected to periodic forcing in a high frequency limit

We have explored vibrations of a single‐degree of freedom oscillator with a magneto‐rheological damper subjected to kinematic excitations in a high frequency limit. Using fast and slow scales decoupling procedure we derived an effective damping coefficient in the limit of high frequency excitation. Damping characteristics, as functions of velocity, change considerably especially by terminating the singular non‐smoothness points. This effect was more transparent for a larger control parameter which was defined as the product of the excitation amplitude and its frequency.
Virological Investigation of Avian Influenza Virus on Postglacial Species of Phasianidae and Tetraonidae in the Italian Alps

Land-based birds, belonging to Galliformes order are considered to be potential intermediaries in the emergence of new strains of influenza A viruses (AIVs), but the viral circulation in these birds remains largely unknown. To gain insights into the circulation of AIV in the wild Galliformes populations in Italian Alps, we conducted a virological survey on rock partridge (Alectoris graeca saxatilis) belonging to Phasianidae family and on tetraonids including rock ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus helveticus) and black grouse (Tetrao tetrix tetrix). In 2003 and 2004, during the hunting seasons, 79 wild Galliformes, categorised into age and sex classes, were hunted in the Sondrio Province (Central Alps). Cloacal swabs were collected from 11 rock partridges and from 68 tetraonids including 23 alpine rock ptarmigans and 45 black grouses. We tested cloacal swabs by a high sensitive reverse transcription- (RT-) PCR detecting the matrix gene of AIV. No AIV was detected in the investigated samples, thus, suggesting the lack of AIV circulation in these relict populations in the study period. In terms of threatened species conservation, during wildlife management activities, it is very important to exclude the introduction of AIV-carrier birds in shared territories, a fact representing a health risk for these populations.
Depth keying

We present a new solution to the known problem of video keying in a natural environment. We segment foreground objects from background objects using their relative distance from the camera, which makes it possible to do away with the use of color for keying. To do so, we developed and built a novel depth video camera, capable of producing RGB and D signals, where D stands for the distance to each pixel. The new RGBD camera enables the creation of a whole new gallery of effects and applications such as multi-layer background substitutions. This new modality makes the production of real time mixed reality video possible, as well as post-production manipulation of recorded video. We address the problem of color spill -- in which the color of the foreground object is mixed, along its boundary, with the background color. This problem prevents an accurate separation of the foreground object from its background, and it is most visible when compositing the foreground objects to a new background. Most existing techniques are limited to the use of a constant background color. We offer a novel general approach to the problem with enabling the use of the natural background, based upon the D channel generated by the camera.
A GPU-parallel construction of volumetric tree

Volume data has extensive uses in medical imaging, like, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan, visual effects production, including volume rendering and fluid simulation, computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) in advanced prototyping, such as, 3D Printing, among others. This work presents a compact hierarchical data structure, dubbed HDT, for extreme-scale volume modeling. The name is shorthand for hybrid dynamic tree. HDT is hybrid in that it fuses two contrasting structures, namely, octree and tiled grid. Such fusion of two opposing data layouts alleviate the limitations inherent to the respective structures. We describe the HDT construction algorithm to generate volumetric representation of triangle mesh on GPUs. While HDT mirrors much of the existing works on sparse 3D data modeling, our evaluation and comparative studies with prior researches demonstrate that HDT is arguably the most storage-effective representation. The geometric topology in HDT consumes just short of two bits per voxel --- five times compact relative to the current state-of-the-art volumetric structure.
Towards Performance Modeling of IEEE 802.11 Based Wireless Networks: A Unified Framework and Its Applications

We present a simple analytical model for IEEE 802.11 based wireless networks that effectively captures the important network performance characteristics such as throughput, delay and fairness. Several new insights relevant to network design are obtained by considering simple special cases of the model. Key features of our unified model include the ability to handle hidden/exposed terminals, directional antennas, multiple channels and arbitrary traffic matrices. The analytical framework is first applied to study the saturation throughput in a multi-hop setting. The associated flow starvation problem is investigated in detail and it is found that Exponential Backoff (EB) plays a much smaller role in flow starvation when compared to the minimum contention window (CWmin). We then illustrate applicability of our model to address key network design questions such as determining the feasibility of a particular traffic matrix and identifying bottlenecks. We also apply the framework to study the important problem of improving throughput and fairness in a multi-hop setting. It is observed from our results that a MAC protocol that adapts its minimum contention window CWmin is of greater utility than one that adapts to a value between fixed CWmin and CWmax (as the current EB in IEEE 802.11 does). Finally, guided by the model, we present a simple heuristic called Effective Contention Indicator (ECI) which identifies, to first-order, links experiencing severe contention.
Optimization of Fuzzy Random Portfolio selection by Implementation of Harmony Search Algorithm

This study first reviews fuzzy random Portfolio selection theory and describes the concept of portfolio optimization model as a useful instrument for helping finance practitioners and researchers. Second, this paper specifically aims at applying possibility-based models for transforming the fuzzy random variables to the linear programming. The harmony search algorithm approaches to resolve the portfolio selection problem with the objective of return maximization is applied. We provide a numerical example to illustrate the proposed model. The results show that the evolutionary method of this paper with harmony search algorithm, can consistently handle the practical portfolio selection problem.
Power and addiction: The making of the modern addict

This article provides a genealogical analysis of the ’discovery' of the modern phenomenon of addiction. It considers how the emergence of a bio-politics of the population in the industrialising West facilitated the invention of addiction and supported an argument for the regulation of opiate use. As a result of regulation, particular patterns of opiate use became increasingly visible. In response the medical profession, in the late nineteenth century, through the use of power-knowledge strategies transformed opiate use from a diverse set of social valuations to a unified pathology associated with madness, or unreason. This constitution of addiction as a negative category has been developed and appropriated by other discourses to provide the foundation for disciplinary interventions directed towards the regulation of undesirable patterns of consumption.
Family and school language input: Their role in bilingual children’s vocabulary development

The current paper constitutes part of a large project on bilingual acquisition and bilingual education and attempts to assess language dominance in bilingual children through questionnaires and standardized language tests. Mainly, this paper investigates the correlation between (a) language dominance as attested by answers in questionnaires that relate to amount of exposure to L1/L2 input, as well as types and context (formal/informal) of input in either language, and (b) language dominance as revealed by diagnostic verbal tests. One of the target languages is Greek, an underinvestigated language in bilingualism, and the other language is German. Results indicate complex correlations between the two types of instruments with respect to language dominance, with one of the main findings being the significance of formal education in either or both of the target languages. These results point to the importance of bilingual as opposed to monolingual literacy development for language dominance, which implies the need to support the native language of immigrant, minority group or middle class children in the school setting.