Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contrast Subgraph Mining from Coherent Cores

Graph pattern mining methods can extract informative and useful patterns from large-scale graphs and capture underlying principles through the overwhelmed information. Contrast analysis serves as a keystone in various fields and has demonstrated its effectiveness in mining valuable information. However, it has been long overlooked in graph pattern mining. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce the concept of contrast subgraph, that is, a subset of nodes that have significantly different edges or edge weights in two given graphs of the same node set. The major challenge comes from the gap between the contrast and the informativeness. Because of the widely existing noise edges in real-world graphs, the contrast may lead to subgraphs of pure noise. To avoid such meaningless subgraphs, we leverage the similarity as the cornerstone of the contrast. Specifically, we first identify a coherent core, which is a small subset of nodes with similar edge structures in the two graphs, and then induce contrast subgraphs from the coherent cores. Moreover, we design a general family of coherence and contrast metrics and derive a polynomial-time algorithm to efficiently extract contrast subgraphs. Extensive experiments verify the necessity of introducing coherent cores as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of our algorithm. Real-world applications demonstrate the tremendous potentials of contrast subgraph mining.
Self-calibration algorithm in an asynchronous P300-based brain–computer interface

Objective. Reliability is a desirable characteristic of brain–computer interface (BCI) systems when they are intended to be used under non-experimental operating conditions. In addition, their overall usability is influenced by the complex and frequent procedures that are required for configuration and calibration. Earlier studies examined the issue of asynchronous control in P300-based BCIs, introducing dynamic stopping and automatic control suspension features. This report proposes and evaluates an algorithm for the automatic recalibration of the classifier's parameters using unsupervised data. Approach. Ten healthy subjects participated in five P300-based BCI sessions throughout a single day. First, we examined whether continuous adaptation of control parameters improved the accuracy of the asynchronous system over time. Then, we assessed the performance of the self-calibration algorithm with respect to the no-recalibration and supervised calibration conditions with regard to system accuracy and communication efficiency. Main results. Offline tests demonstrated that continuous adaptation of the control parameters significantly increased the communication efficiency of asynchronous P300-based BCIs. The self-calibration algorithm correctly assigned labels to unsupervised data with 95% accuracy, effecting communication efficiency that was comparable with that of supervised repeated calibration. Significance. Although additional online tests that involve end-users under non-experimental conditions are needed, these preliminary results are encouraging, from which we conclude that the self-calibration algorithm is a promising solution to improve P300-based BCI usability and reliability.
An analysis framework for information loss and privacy leakage on Android applications

Managing privacy leakage is of great importance in the Android platform. The variety of new user-privacy fraud reveals a new challenge in predicting potential privacy disclosure threats and protecting the privacy inside our pocket. In this paper, we present an analysis framework, called AppLeak, for information loss evaluation, privacy leakage detection, and privacy risk assessment on Android applications. With newly formalized privacy measures, AppLeak can effectively and efficiently support mobile user in identifying privacy risks of specific mobile applications.
An effective BIST scheme for datapaths

Datapath architectures are widely used in today's complex integrated circuits, such as commercial microprocessors or specialized digital signal processors. A very effective BIST scheme for general datapaths is introduced in this paper. This scheme requires the register transfer (RT) level description of a datapath design, since it is independent of specific implementations of the functional modules. The novel BIST scheme is generic, i.e. independent of the datapath width. Hence, it is well suited for fixed-width datapaths that suffer from testability problems due to the truncation of the low order half part of multiplications. A simplified version of the scheme can also be applied to non fixed-width datapaths. The deterministic BIST patterns applied, always guarantee more than 99% fault coverage, for the entire datapath, within few hundreds of clock cycles. This result is achieved by exploiting the inherent operational parallelism of datapaths. The scheme imposes small area overhead and near-zero delay overhead.
Are We on the Path to Solve the Enigma of Resistant Hypertension: Renal Sympathetic Denervation

Renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) opens new perspectives and possibilities not only in the treatment of resistant hypertension but also of other cardiometabolic diseases. In patients with hypertension, it has been demonstrated that activity of the sympathetic nervous system correlates with grade of hypertension. Decreasing sympathetic activity using RSD significantly reduces blood pressure in resistant hypertension. It is too early to say a definite opinion about appropriateness of this method in the treatment of resistant hypertension, because there are not great studies with huge number of the patients. After we get and evaluate these results through a longer span of time, only than we shall know what is the role of RSD in the treatment of resistant hypertension and other cardiometabolic conditions related to increased function of the sympathetic nervous system, such as heart failure, diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea, renal disease with microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria.
Differential Effects of the Putative GBF1 Inhibitors Golgicide A and AG1478 on Enterovirus Replication

ABSTRACT The genus Enterovirus, belonging to the family Picornaviridae, includes well-known pathogens, such as poliovirus, coxsackievirus, and rhinovirus. Brefeldin A (BFA) impedes replication of several enteroviruses through inhibition of Golgi-specific BFA resistance factor 1 (GBF1), a regulator of secretory pathway integrity and transport. GBF1 mediates the GTP exchange of Arf1, which in activated form recruits coatomer protein complex I (COP-I) to Golgi vesicles, a process important in transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi vesicles. Recently, the drugs AG1478 and Golgicide A (GCA) were put forward as new inhibitors of GBF1. In this study, we investigated the effects of these putative GBF1 inhibitors on secretory pathway function and enterovirus replication. We show that both drugs induced fragmentation of the Golgi vesicles and caused dissociation of Arf1 and COP-I from Golgi membranes, yet they differed in their effect on GBF1 localization. The effects of AG1478, but not those of GCA, could be countered by overexpression of Arf1, indicating a difference in their molecular mechanism of action. Consistent with this idea, we observed that GCA drastically reduced replication of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and other human enterovirus species, whereas AG1478 had no effect at all on enterovirus replication. Time-of-addition studies and analysis of RNA replication using a subgenomic replicon both showed that GCA suppresses RNA replication of CVB3, which could be countered by overexpression of GBF1. These results indicate that, in contrast to AG1478, GCA inhibits CVB3 RNA replication by targeting GBF1. AG1478 and GCA may be valuable tools to further dissect enterovirus replication.
Development of an MR-brake-based haptic device

This paper describes the design, testing and modelling of a magneto-rheological (MR) fluid brake as well as its application in a haptic device. The MR device, in disc shape, is composed of a rotary shaft and plate, an electromagnetic coil, MR fluids, and casings. The working principle of the actuator is discussed and the transmitted torque equation employed by using the Bingham plastic model. The optimal dimensions of the actuator were obtained by finite-element analysis using the COSMOSEMS package. Following manufacturing and fabrication of the actuator prototype, the steady-state performance of the MR actuator was measured using a force gauge. The experimental results show that the actuator exhibits hysteresis behaviour. A sub-hysteresis model was then proposed and the model parameters were identified. Example applications of this actuator in virtual reality are demonstrated.
Efficacy and cost‐effectiveness of voriconazole prophylaxis for prevention of invasive aspergillosis in high‐risk liver transplant recipients

Aspergillus infection remains a significant and deadly complication after liver transplantation (LT). We sought to determine whether the antifungal prophylactic use of voriconazole reduces the incidence of invasive aspergillosis (IA) in high‐risk LT recipients without prohibitively increasing cost. During the study era (April 2008 to April 2014), 339 deceased donor LTs were performed. Of those patients, 174 high‐risk recipients were administered antifungal prophylaxis with voriconazole. The median biological Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score at the time of LT was 33 (range, 18‐49) with 56% requiring continuous renal replacement therapy and 50% requiring ventilatory support immediately before transplantation. Diagnosis of IA was stratified as proven, probable, or possible according to previously published definitions. No IA was documented in patients receiving voriconazole prophylaxis. At 90 days after LT, the institutional cost of prophylaxis was $5324 or 5.6% of the predicted cost associated with post‐LT aspergillosis. There was no documentation of resistant strains isolated from any recipient who received voriconazole. In conclusion, these data suggest that voriconazole prophylaxis is safe, clinically effective, and cost‐effective in high‐risk LT recipients. Liver Transpl 22:163–170, 2016. © 2015 AASLD.
Effects of aging on thyroarytenoid muscle regeneration

Regenerative properties of age‐associated changes in the intrinsic laryngeal muscles following injury are unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the regenerative properties of the thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle in an aging rat model. The hypothesis was that following myotoxic injury, old animals would exhibit a decrease in mitotic activities of muscle satellite cells when compared with younger rats, suggesting reduced regenerative potential in the aging rat TA muscle.
Issues Related to Accounting Education for NFPs in the U.S.

There have been no efforts to organize existing works about accounting education for NFPs. This paper is an article reviewing existing works published in the 21st century. There is a sufficient volume of cases to use the case method. Some of the existing works were about active learning (mainly service learning). Some existing works can be used to improve lectures. Some existing works can help faculty members to design their curriculums. However, some issues still remain and these issues should be resolved in the future. As a whole, the problem of existing works is lack of sufficient concerns about other academic areas. Some of future works are hoped to be more interdisciplinary.
Fatigue Sensitivity of Random Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastics

Static and fatigue tests were carried out in four-point bending on three random Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastics (GFRP), different in resin type (thermosetting and thermoplastic), resin content, and fibre form. The experimental results were evaluated in the light of a recent two-parameter model, allowing for a statistical analysis of the fatigue data. It is shown that, despite the different nature of the materials considered, the theoretical model accurately predicts the fatigue response, permitting the calculation of the scatter in fatigue life from the scatter in static strength. A physical interpretation is given for the two parameters appearing in the model, correlated with the material sensitivity to stress amplitude and number of cycles, respectively. From the values of the two parameters, evaluated for the GFRPs tested, a common trend is observed: the higher the material sensitivity to stress amplitude, the lower its sensitivity to number of cycles. This implies that comparing different materials on the basis of their fatigue response at relatively low cycles can be misleading, because a better behaviour at high stress levels can result in shorter life-times at low stress levels.
Impact of shaving and anti‐perspirant use on the axillary vault

Shaving the axilla is a regular part of the personal care regime for many women in Europe, North and South America. To assess the impact of shaving on underarm skin, a series of investigations were carried out, in which the thickness of the axillary vault and fossa were measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT), and underarm shaving debris was collected for study. The response of the axilla to histamine iontophoresis was also investigated. Additionally, a study was carried out to investigate the impact of a novel anti‐perspirant roll‐on formulation on irritation and self‐perceived sensory properties of the axilla. The results clearly demonstrate that shaving the underarm consistently removes skin (stratum corneum) as well as axillary hair (with a mean value of 36.1% of the debris being skin). OCT measurements demonstrated that in shaved areas of the axilla, epidermal thickness is higher than in unshaved areas. In response to histamine, wheal and flare were both found to be greater in the shaved axilla, when compared with an unshaved control, but flare in the fossa was greater than that in the vault. On the basis of these results, we propose that the axillary vault has adapted to frequent shaving, notably by the development of a thickened epidermis. However, this adaptation is often not sufficient to fully protect the axilla from damage and irritation resulting from hair removal (shaving). In these instances, we have demonstrated that use of a novel anti‐perspirant roll‐on formulation containing glycerol and sunflower seed oil was able to reduce the impact of shaving‐induced irritation and improve self‐assessment of axillary condition.
Planar surfaces detection on depth map using patch based approach

This paper proposes an unsupervised technique for detecting planar surfaces on single depth map image. The proposed method can detect planar surfaces by adopting dynamic seed growing technique without using texture information. So aided with this mechanism to control the growing process, each seed patch can grow to its maximum extent and then the next seed patch begins to grow. This process avoids over-segmentation of the whole scene. Moreover, it allows detecting semi-planer surfaces. Compared with one popular planar surface detection algorithms, i.e., RANdom SAmples Consensus(RANSAC), the accuracy of the proposed method is superior on typical indoor scenes. The proposed method can have huge technical potential for image/video segmentation and coding, enhancing the depth information of time-of-flight cameras, and finally it could be used for navigation system for humanoid robotics.
Improved Porous Identification using Segmentation

Porous measurement is one of the important criteria in maintaining the quality of the sponge. Detection of porous in sponge is one of the more intriguing problems in computer vision. Porous identification plays an important role in determining porous and to detect their defects. By means of simple segmentation technique the edges of the porous in sponge are identified. Porous per inch (PPI) is used as a standard and it is compared with the dataset. In this paper we have developed two segmentation methods for porous counting. First one is porous counting based on simple segmentation (PCSS) and the second one is porous counting based on watershed segmentation (PCWS). The experimental result shows that the PCWS provides better porous count compared to the manual and PCSS. KeywordsEdge based segmentation, Thresholding, watershed segmentation, Morphological operation, Morphological Reconstruction.
Spermiogenesis and spermatozoon ultrastructure in basal polyopisthocotylean monogeneans, Hexabothriidae and Chimaericolidae, and their significance for the phylogeny of the Monogenea

Sperm ultrastructure provides morphological characters useful for understanding phylogeny; no study was available for two basal branches of the Polyopisthocotylea, the Chimaericolidea and Diclybothriidea. We describe here spermiogenesis and sperm in Chimaericola leptogaster (Chimaericolidae) and Rajonchocotyle emarginata (Hexabothriidae), and sperm in Callorhynchocotyle callorhynchi (Hexabothriidae). Spermiogenesis in C. leptogaster and R. emarginata shows the usual pattern of most Polyopisthocotylea with typical zones of differentiation and proximo-distal fusion of the flagella. In all three species, the structure of the spermatozoon is biflagellate, with two incorporated trepaxonematan 9 + “1” axonemes and a posterior nucleus. However, unexpected structures were also seen. An alleged synapomorphy of the Polyopisthocotylea is the presence of a continuous row of longitudinal microtubules in the nuclear region. The sperm of C. leptogaster has a posterior part with a single axoneme, and the part with the nucleus is devoid of the continuous row of microtubules. The spermatozoon of R. emarginata has an anterior region with membrane ornamentation, and posterior lateral microtubules are absent. The spermatozoon of C. callorhynchi has transverse sections with only dorsal and ventral microtubules, and its posterior part shows flat sections containing a single axoneme and the nucleus. These findings have important implications for phylogeny and for the definition of synapomorphies in the Neodermata. We point out a series of discrepancies between actual data and interpretation of character states in the matrix of a phylogeny of the Monogenea. Our main conclusion is that the synapomorphy “lateral microtubules in the principal region of the spermatozoon” does not define the Polyopisthocotylea but is restricted to the Mazocraeidea.
Enhanced Passive RF-DC Converter Circuit Efficiency for Low RF Energy Harvesting

For radio frequency energy transmission, the conversion efficiency of the receiver is decisive not only for reducing sending power, but also for enabling energy transmission over long and variable distances. In this contribution, we present a passive RF-DC converter for energy harvesting at ultra-low input power at 868 MHz. The novel converter consists of a reactive matching circuit and a combined voltage multiplier and rectifier. The stored energy in the input inductor and capacitance, during the negative wave, is conveyed to the output capacitance during the positive one. Although Dickson and Villard topologies have principally comparable efficiency for multi-stage voltage multipliers, the Dickson topology reaches a better efficiency within the novel ultra-low input power converter concept. At the output stage, a low-pass filter is introduced to reduce ripple at high frequencies in order to realize a stable DC signal. The proposed rectifier enables harvesting energy at even a low input power from −40 dBm for a resistive load of 50 kΩ. It realizes a significant improvement in comparison with state of the art solutions.
Decitabine as a First-Line Treatment for Older Adults Newly Diagnosed with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Purpose Decitabine, a DNA hypomethylating agent, was recently approved for use in Korea for older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are not candidates for standard chemotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the role of decitabine as a first-line treatment for older adults with AML. Materials and Methods Twenty-four patients with AML who received at least one course of decitabine (20 mg/m2/d intravenously for 5 days every 4 weeks) as a first-line therapy at Severance Hospital were evaluated retrospectively. Results The median age of the patients was 73.5 years. The longest follow-up duration was 502 days. A total of 113 cycles of treatment were given to 24 patients, and the median number of cycles was four (range, 1–14). Thirteen patients dropped out because of death, no or loss of response, patient refusal, or transfer to another hospital. Twenty-one (87.5%) and 12 (50%) patients completed the second and fourth cycles, respectively, and responses to treatment were evaluated in 17. A complete response (CR) or CR with incomplete blood-count recovery was achieved in six (35.3%) patients, and the estimated median overall survival was 502 days. Ten patients developed grade >2 hematologic or non-hematologic toxicities. In univariate analysis, bone marrow blasts, lactate dehydrogenase, serum ferritin level, and bone marrow iron were significantly associated with response to decitabine. Conclusion Five-day decitabine treatment showed acceptable efficacy in older patients with AML who are unfit for conventional chemotherapy, with a CR rate 35.3% and about a median overall survival of 18 months.
Exploring effects of self‐management on glycemic control using a modified information–motivation–behavioral skills model in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Shanghai, China: A cross‐sectional study

The original information–motivation–behavioral skills (IMB) model has been verified in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, but the effects of the model on glycemic control remain unclear. The aim of this study was to modify the IMB model to explore the effects of self‐management on glycemic control in T2DM patients in Shanghai, China.
Prioritization of antiretroviral therapy in patients with high CD4 counts, and retention in care: lessons from the START and Temprano trials

Initiation of antiretroviral therapy is not a once in a lifetime opportunity. In some resource constrained settings financial limitations make it necessary to prioritize treatment initiation for some groups of patients. In developed countries, there are patients who are reluctant to initiate treatment. Subgroup analysis of the START trial can inform recommendations for which patients with CD4 counts >500 cells mm3 temporary postponement of treatment initiation is safer. These include individuals aged <30 years and/or with CD4/CD8 ratio of >0.8 and/or viral load of <5000. This is because these individuals are at very low risk of disease progression in the subsequent 2 to 3 years, the risk is minimally diminished by antiretroviral therapy and is virtually identical in the first 18 months of therapy regardless of treatment initiation. In addition, asymptomatic young individuals are at higher risk of loss‐to‐follow and of low adherence to treatment, and those with low viral loads are less likely to transmit the virus. In addition, lessons from START and Temprano can help design trials to investigate strategies to decrease losses‐to‐follow‐up, while minimizing risks to patients.
Production of slag-forming materials in the steelmaking slag reduction process

Research on the steelmaking slag reduction process in an electric arc furnace has been carried out for many years. The research objective is to implement into a commercial practice a process enabling to utilize constantly growing slag mass without producing waste. The main obstacle is the impossibility to obtain products ensuring adequate profitability of the process. Therefore a method was developed, which allows to apply the reduction process for processing of steelmaking slag into a slag-forming material, which can be used for producing refining slag in secondary steelmaking. The price of the slag-forming material should ensure adequate profitability of the process.