Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Practical Aspects of Forming Training/Test Samples for Convolutional Neural Networks

The most common approaches to assessing the quality of training neural networks in the context of the problem of "small training sets" are analyzed. A review of the code implementation of the most universal approaches and ways of extending training/testing samples is carried out. The logic of the work of STN-module is analyzed. It can be inserted into existing convolutional architectures, giving neural networks the ability to actively spatially transform feature maps, conditional on the feature map itself, without any extra training supervision or modification to the optimization process.
Model-Based Fault Diagnosis Scheme for Current and Voltage Sensors in Grid Side Converters

The effective operation of the grid side converter is crucial for the reliability of renewable energy systems. Grid side converters are responsible for converting the energy produced by renewable energy sources into a form that can be injected into the grid. A grid side converter controller manages the conversion using feedback from voltage and current sensor measurements from both the alternative current (ac) and direct current (dc) sides of the converter. However, these sensory devices may fail or diverge from their normal operation, which can affect the effective operation of the converter. This article proposes a model-based fault diagnosis scheme for sensors located in the dc and ac sides of the grid-tied converter, taking into account the effects of fault propagation due to the physical interconnection between the ac and the dc sides. First, a discrete-time, nonlinear model of the grid side converter is formulated that considers the presence of ac current and dc voltage sensor faults. Second, a nonlinear estimation scheme is designed by considering the effects of sensor noise and modeling uncertainty. The estimator design utilizes the estimator gain matrix that is obtained by solving the linear matrix inequalities problem. Finally, a sensor fault diagnosis scheme is designed based on the analytical redundancy relations considering the estimations of the nonlinear estimation scheme. The performance of the proposed fault diagnosis scheme is validated through both simulation and experimental results, demonstrating its effectiveness in timely detecting and isolating sensor faults.
Holographic Laser Module with Dual Wavelength for Digital Versatile Disc Optical Heads

Backward compatibility with CD-R necessitates having two laser sources in the digital versatile disc (DVD) pickup head. The dual-wavelength optical head complicates pickup design and enlarges the volume of the head. Moreover, it increases the number of components and assembly cost. In this paper, we present a new design for a dual-wavelength holographic pickup-head module. Packaged together in the module are two laser diodes, photodiodes and a holographic optical element (HOE) for diffracting reflected light from the disk onto the corresponding photodetectors. This module can be used as the core of an optical head capable of reading DVD, CD and CD-R.
Characterization of the TBR1 interactome: variants associated with neurodevelopmental disorders disrupt novel protein interactions

Abstract TBR1 is a neuron-specific transcription factor involved in brain development and implicated in a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) combining features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability (ID) and speech delay. TBR1 has been previously shown to interact with a small number of transcription factors and co-factors also involved in NDDs (including CASK, FOXP1/2/4 and BCL11A), suggesting that the wider TBR1 interactome may have a significant bearing on normal and abnormal brain development. Here, we have identified approximately 250 putative TBR1-interaction partners by affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry. As well as known TBR1-interactors such as CASK, the identified partners include transcription factors and chromatin modifiers, along with ASD- and ID-related proteins. Five interaction candidates were independently validated using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer assays. We went on to test the interaction of these candidates with TBR1 protein variants implicated in cases of NDD. The assays uncovered disturbed interactions for NDD-associated variants and identified two distinct protein-binding domains of TBR1 that have essential roles in protein–protein interaction.
Incongruent Views of Functioning between Patients and Gastroenterologists: A Mixed Methods Study

Gastrointestinal patients, especially those diagnosed with functional digestive disorders (FGIDs), usually present a complex clinical picture that poses a challenge for their management in primary care. The main objective of the current research was to examine the relationship of the congruence of the perception of severity and quality of life between gastroenterologists and their patients with psychological distress and the helping attitude experienced by the latter attended in primary care centres. Additionally, we wanted to explore patients’ and practitioners’ perceptions. We performed a cross-sectional study with a total of 2261 patients (1562 analysed) that attended three primary care centres. Patients completed questionnaires that measured physical functioning, distress, and perception of helping attitude. Gastroenterologists registered the functional status of each participating patient. Patients were then invited to take part in the qualitative part of the study if they were considered to have incongruent views on their functioning with their gastroenterologist. In total, 52 patients took part in one of eight focus groups. Additionally, four individual interviews were carried out with three gastroenterologists and one consultation-liaison psychiatrist specialised in FGIDs. Both incongruence and functional diagnosis correlated with distress. However, incongruent views between patients and gastroenterologists explained more variance. Statistically significant differences in patients’ helping attitude perception were detected between diagnostic but no incongruence groups. In the second stage of the study, a total of five themes were identified from the patient focus groups and the gastroenterologist interviews: illness-emotional and personal problems, disease-health system interaction, health system, intervention, and patients. The current research allowed us to confirm that incongruence in the perception of severity and quality of life between gastroenterologists and patients is related to psychological distress and that this occurs in a multifactorial context where the characteristics of the disorder interact with those of the health system.
Elastic Constants of Thick Orthotropic Composite Plates

This paper gives a method of obtaining the three-dimensional elastic constants of a completely free orthotropic plate from experimental plate vibration data, using an optimized three-mode Rayleigh formulation that incorporates through-the-thickness shear and rotatory inertia. The author believes this is the first reported attempt employing this formulation for obtaining the frequencies of thick plates with the incorporation of these two phenomena. The primary purpose of this paper is to develop the basic theory and method for this class of plates. The author had earlier utilized the classical lamination theory (which does not include these two effects) with both three and six optimized modes. The forward problem of computing plate vibration frequencies from given elastic constants by the Rayleigh method is solved for three thickness ratios (.075, .1, .125) for an isotropic (aluminum) and an orthotropic (graphite/epoxy) material. The inverse method for extracting the elastic constants from experimental vibration data is then applied to two thick plates fabricated from these materials. The results suggest that the proposed method is potentially useful for rapid, inexpensive extraction of in situ elastic constants of composite plates. The major original contribution of this paper is the novel approach for formulating and solving both the forward and inverse problems for thick plates.
Hydrothermal Stability of Hydrogen-Selective Carbon–Ceramic Membranes Derived from Polybenzoxazine-Modified Silica–Zirconia

This work investigated the long-term hydrothermal performance of composite carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 membranes. A carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 composite was formed from the inert pyrolysis of SiO2-ZrO2-polybenzoxazine resin. The carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 composites prepared at 550 and 750 °C had different surface and microstructural properties. A carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 membrane fabricated at 750 °C exhibited H2 selectivity over CO2, N2, and CH4 of 27, 139, and 1026, respectively, that were higher than those of a membrane fabricated at 550 °C (5, 12, and 11, respectively). In addition to maintaining high H2 permeance and selectivity, the carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 membrane fabricated at 750 °C also showed better stability under hydrothermal conditions at steam partial pressures of 90 (30 mol%) and 150 kPa (50 mol%) compared with the membrane fabricated at 500 °C. This was attributed to the complete pyrolytic and ceramic transformation of the microstructure after pyrolysis at 750 °C. This work thus demonstrates the promise of carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 membranes for H2 separation under severe hydrothermal conditions.
Some observations on time domain and frequency domain boundary elements

The numerical solution of problems in elastodynamics involving infinite media calls for the use of discrete techniques such as the boundary element method and the finite element method. These techniques can, in turn, be formulated in the time or frequency domains, and have each relative merits and drawbacks. This paper presents a comparative study of the accuracy and limitations of three different implementations of these methods. The problem studied is that of transient loads on the surface of homogeneous elastic halfspaces, and of finite depth strata. In each case, the response is computed first for an uninterrupted (continuous) medium, and then for a medium that includes a trench (or cavity). Three independent computer programs were used that incorporated the following methods: (i) frequency domain boundary element method (FD-BEM), using a discrete fundamental solution; (ii) time domain boundary element method (TD-BEM) using an analytical fundamental solution; and (iii) a coupled time domain boundary element-finite element model (BEM/FEM). It is found that for convex domains (halfspace or stratum without a trench) the three independent implementations are in excellent agreement, while for non-convex domains (trench in the path of the waves), numerical errors associated with non-causal behaviour become evident in some cases.
Pharmacomicrobiomics in Anticancer Therapies: Why the Gut Microbiota Should Be Pointed Out

Anticancer treatments have shown a variable therapeutic outcome that may be partly attributable to the activity of the gut microbiota on the pathology and/or therapies. In recent years, microbiota–drug interactions have been extensively investigated, but most of the underlying molecular mechanisms still remain unclear. In this review, we discuss the relationship between the gut microbiota and some of the most commonly used drugs in oncological diseases. Different strategies for manipulating the gut microbiota layout (i.e., prebiotics, probiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation) are then explored in order to optimize clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Anticancer technologies that exploit tumor-associated bacteria to target tumors and biotransform drugs are also briefly discussed. In the field of pharmacomicrobiomics, multi-omics strategies coupled with machine and deep learning are urgently needed to bring to light the interaction among gut microbiota, drugs, and host for the development of truly personalized precision therapies.
Vestibular Morphological Alterations in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most frequent pediatric spinal deformity. Its treatment still shows limited results due to the existent lack of knowledge regarding etiopathogenesis. Thus, the purpose of the study is to check the existence of vestibular morphological alterations among idiopathic scoliosis patients. To meet the objective, we performed this systematic review searching studies in PubMed Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete and SciELO until 15 September 2022. Articles that analyzed the morphology of the vestibular apparatus were selected, comparing subjects with AIS versus healthy subjects. Variables were selected that measured the orientation of the channels as well as the general conformation of the vestibular apparatus. One hundred and eighty-five records were retrieved in the preliminary searches, of which five studies were finally included, providing data from 154 participants (83 cases and 71 healthy controls) with a mean age 16.07 ± 2.48 years old. Two studies conclude that the superior and lateral semicircular canals are longer and thinner in patients with AIS. One study concluded that the measure between centers of superior and lateral canals and the angle whose vertex is placed the center of posterior canal were significantly shorter in subjects with AIS than in healthy controls in the left-side of vestibular apparatus. Two studies found an asymmetry in the verticality of the lateral canals on both sides in subjects with AIS, although it is not clear whether the left canal is in a more horizontal or vertical position. Patients with AIS seem to present morphological asymmetries of the vestibular apparatus, fundamentally on the left side. These anomalies seem to correlate with the location of the curve but not with its laterality or severity.
VOICE–Validating Outcomes by Including Consumer Experience: A Study Protocol to Develop a Patient Reported Experience Measure for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples Accessing Primary Health Care

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ (hereafter respectfully referred to as Indigenous Australians) experiences of health care are shaped by historical, social and cultural factors, with cultural security critical to effective care provision and engagement between services and community. Positive patient experiences are associated with better health outcomes. Consequently, it is an accreditation requirement that primary health care (PHC) services must formally gather and respond to patient feedback. However, currently available patient feedback tools were not developed with Indigenous Australians, and do not reflect their values and world views. Existing tools do not capture important experiences of care of Indigenous Australians in PHC settings, nor return information that assists services to improve care. Consistent with the principles of Indigenous Data Sovereignty, we will co-design and validate an Indigenous-specific Patient Reported Experience Measure (PREM) that produces data by and for community, suitable for use in quality improvement in comprehensive PHC services. This paper presents the protocol of the study, outlining the rationale, methodologies and associated activities that are being applied in developing the PREM. Briefly, guided by an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Advisory Group, our team of Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers, service providers and policy makers will use a combination of Indigenous methodologies, participatory, and traditional western techniques for scale development. We will engage PHC service staff and communities in eight selected sites across remote, regional, and metropolitan communities in Australia for iterative cycles of data collection and feedback throughout the research process. Yarning Circles with community members will identify core concepts to develop an “Experience of Care Framework”, which will be used to develop items for the PREM. Staff members will be interviewed regarding desirable characteristics and feasibility considerations for the PREM. The PREM will undergo cognitive and psychometric testing.
Indirect estimation of randomized generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic models

The class of generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (GARCH) models can be used to describe the volatility with less parameters than autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (ARCH)-type models, their distributions are heavy-tailed, with time-dependent conditional variance, and are able to model clustering of volatility. Despite all these facts, the way that GARCH models are built imposes limits on the heaviness of the tails of their unconditional distribution. The class of randomized generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (R-GARCH) models includes the ARCH and GARCH models allowing the use of stable innovations. Estimation methods and empirical analysis of R-GARCH models are the focus of this work. We present the indirect inference method to estimate the R-GARCH models, some simulations and an empirical application.
Interchange arguments in stochastic scheduling

Interchange arguments are applied to establish the optimality of priority list policies in three problems. First, we prove that in a multiclass tandem of two ·/M/1 queues it is always optimal in the second node to serve according to the cµ rule. The result holds more generally if the first node is replaced by a multiclass network consisting of ·/M/1 queues with Bernoulli routing. Next, for scheduling a single server in a multiclass node with feedback, a simplified proof of Klimov's result is given. From it follows the optimality of the index rule among idling policies for general service time distributions, and among pre-emptive policies when the service time distributions are exponential. Lastly, we consider the problem of minimizing the blocking in a communication link with lossy channels and exponential holding times.
Kidney Proximal Tubule GLUT2—More than Meets the Eye

Tubulopathy plays a central role in the pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Under diabetic conditions, the kidney proximal tubule cells (KPTCs) are exposed to an extensive amount of nutrients, most notably glucose; these nutrients deteriorate KPTCs function and promote the development and progression of DKD. Recently, the facilitative glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) in KPTCs has emerged as a central regulator in the pathogenesis of DKD. This has been demonstrated by identifying its specific role in enhancing glucose reabsorption and glucotoxicity, and by deciphering its effect in regulating the expression of the sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) in KPTCs. Moreover, reduction/deletion of KPTC-GLUT2 has been recently found to ameliorate DKD, raising the plausible idea of considering it as a therapeutic target against DKD. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which GLUT2 exerts its deleterious effects in KPTCs remain vague. Herein, we review the current findings on the proximal tubule GLUT2 biology and function under physiologic conditions, and its involvement in the pathophysiology of DKD. Furthermore, we shed new light on its cellular regulation during diabetic conditions.
Isochromatic photoelastic phase map unwrapping: temporal versus spatial approach

Abstract. A comparison of temporal and spatial unwrapping on a photoelastic isochromatic phase map is discussed. The analytical results show that the two-dimensional Macy’s spatial unwrapping can yield a quite good retrieval if an inconsistency-free isochromatic map is to be treated as is true in most of the photoelastic problem cases. While only temporal wrapped data are provided for the phase retrieving work, the success strongly depends on providing the correct changing ratio between the two (or more) temporal states, (e.g., percentage variation of load or wavelength step). The simulation of an incorrect ratio of the temporal isochromatic work on the accuracy of the retrieving work is performed. Experimental results show that temporal unwrapping error is more easily occurs near a highly stressed zone.
Special power series expansions of monogenic functions around surfaces of codimension two

In this paper we will focus on power series expansions around special surfaces of codimension two, in particular around spheres and products of spheres. This will include a version of the Cauchy–Kowalewski extension theorem around these surfaces. This higher codimension result was only obtained so far in the flat case (see Partial Differential Equations with Complex Analysis. Pitman Research Notes Mathematical Series, vol. 262. Longman Science and Technology: Harlow, 1992; 61–92; Mathematics and its Applications, vol. 53. Kluwer Academic Publishers Group: Dordrecht, 1992). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Orbital Evolution of an IMBH in the Galactic Nucleus with a Massive Central Black Hole

Resent observations and theoretical interpretations suggest that intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs; 100-105 M☉) are formed in the centers of young and compact star clusters born close to the center of their parent galaxy. Such a star cluster would sink toward the center of the galaxy, and at the same time stars are stripped out of the cluster by the tidal field of the parent galaxy. We investigated the orbital evolution of the IMBH, after its parent cluster is completely disrupted by the tidal field of the parent galaxy, by means of large-scale N-body simulations. We constructed a model of the central region of our galaxy, with a supermassive black hole (SMBH; ≥106 M☉) and Bahcall-Wolf stellar cusp, and placed an IMBH in a circular orbit of radius 0.086 pc. The IMBH sinks toward the SMBH through dynamical friction, but dynamical friction becomes ineffective when the IMBH reaches the radius inside which the initial stellar mass is comparable to the IMBH mass. This is because the IMBH kicks out the stars. This behavior is essentially the same as the loss-cone depletion observed in simulations of massive SMBH binaries. After the evolution through dynamical friction stalled, the eccentricity of the orbit of the IMBH goes up, resulting in the strong reduction of the merging timescale through gravitational wave radiation. Our result indicates that the IMBHs formed close to the galactic center can merge with the central SMBH in short time. The number of merging events detectable with DECIGO or BBO is estimated to be around 50 yr-1. The event rate for LISA would be similar or less, depending on the growth mode of IMBHs.
Nonparametric model checks for time series

This paper studies a class of tests useful for testing the goodness-of-fit of an autoregressive model. These tests are based on a class of empirical processes marked by certain residuals. The paper first gives their large sample behavior under null hypotheses. Then a martingale transformation of the underlying process is given that makes tests based on it asymptotically distribution free. Consistency of these tests is also discussed briefly.