Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MEAN PERFORMANCE, GENETIC DIVERSITY AND DNA ANALYSIS IN M3 GENERATION OF SOME WHEAT MUTANTS UNDER WATER STRESS

The field experiments was conducted during the growing season of 2019/2020, to study the mean performance and genetic diversity using RAPD Marker in M 3 generation of some wheat mutants with influenced by gamma ray and sodium azaide under water stress conditions, at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Egypt. The all recommended cultural practices for wheat production except irrigation. It was irrigated immediately after sowing the first irrigation were applied after 45 days from sowing and the second irrigation up to the flowering stage. The experimental design was complete blocks design with three replicates. The analysis of variance showed a significant differences among Gimmieza-11 and there M 3 mutants for days to heading, spike length, number of spikelets/spike, number of spikes/plant, number of grains/spike, spike grain weight/g, 1000-grain weight/g, grain yield/plant, biological yield/plant and harvest index. The all mutants from Gemmeiza-11 were give the highest values of mean performance for grain yield plant, The Sids-12 0.08 sodium azide (SA) had the highest value (45.39) followed by Sids-12 350Gy3 (40.74) and Sids-12 350 Gy1 (39.87) thy were more than control (38.99) for harvest index %. RAPD data analysis showed that, primers applied on wheat genotypes produced 18 bands; 16 of these were polymorphic. Primer mutants under each breeding population were identiﬁed for improving drought tolerance yield, and yield-related traits.
Magneto-Plasmonics and Resonant Interaction of Light with Dynamic Magnetisation in Metallic and All-Dielectric Nanostructures (Review)

A significant interest in combining plasmonics and magnetism at the nanoscale gains momentum in both photonics and magnetism sectors that are concerned with the resonant enhancement of light-magnetic-matter interaction in nanostructures. These efforts result in a considerable amount of literature, which is difficult to collect and digest in limited time. Furthermore, there is insufficient exchange of results between the two research sectors. Consequently, the goal of this review paper is to bridge this gap by presenting an overview of recent progress in the field of magneto-plasmonics from two different points of view: magneto-plasmonics, and magnonics and magnetisation dynamics. It is expected that this presentation style will make this review paper of particular interest to both general physical audience and specialists conducting research on photonics, plasmonics, Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy of magnetic nanostructures and magneto-optical Kerr effect magnetometry, as well as ultrafast all-optical and THz-wave excitation of spin waves. Moreover, readers interested in a new, rapidly emerging field of all-dielectric nanophotonics will find a section about all-magneto-dielectric nanostructures.
Winter Kills in Farmed European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax): Co- infected with Shewanella putrefaciens and Aeromonas veronii

Aeromonas and Shewanella species are opportunistic pathogens and often cause serious diseases in farmed fish. In the present study, persistent natural mortality was observed in El Manzala intensive marine fish farm stocked with European seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ), Damietta, Egypt during the course of winterkills from early December to mid-January. The temperature of the well and fish ponds during episodic die-offs ranged from 13 to 17°C. The diseased European seabass exhibited ulcer, fin hemorrhage, tail fin rot, red and swollen inflamed vents, abdominal distension and hemorrhage, with approximately 30% cumulative mortality. Parasitological examination of diseased fish
SPATIALLY RESOLVED GAS KINEMATICS WITHIN A Lyα NEBULA: EVIDENCE FOR LARGE-SCALE ROTATION

We use spatially extended measurements of Lyα as well as less optically thick emission lines from an ≈80 kpc Lyα nebula at z ≈ 1.67 to assess the role of resonant scattering and to disentangle kinematic signatures from Lyα radiative transfer effects. We find that the Lyα, C iv, He ii, and C iii] emission lines all tell a similar story in this system, and that the kinematics are broadly consistent with large-scale rotation. First, the observed surface brightness profiles are similar in extent in all four lines, strongly favoring a picture in which the Lyα photons are produced in situ instead of being resonantly scattered from a central source. Second, we see low kinematic offsets between Lyα and the less optically thick He ii line (∼100–200 km s−1), providing further support for the argument that the Lyα and other emission lines are all being produced within the spatially extended gas. Finally, the full velocity field of the system shows coherent velocity shear in all emission lines: ≈500 km s−1 over the central ≈50 kpc of the nebula. The kinematic profiles are broadly consistent with large-scale rotation in a gas disk that is at least partially stable against collapse. These observations suggest that the Lyα nebula represents accreting material that is illuminated by an offset, hidden active galactic nucleus or distributed star formation, and that is undergoing rotation in a clumpy and turbulent gas disk. With an implied mass of M(
Nonlocal quantum memory effects in a correlated multimode field

We review the model of two qubits coupled locally to an environment which consists of nonlocally correlated field modes [Phys. Rev.Lett. 108, 210402 (2012)]. We derive the correct expressions for the reduced dynamics of the two-qubit system and demonstrate that strong nonlocal memory effects are indeed present for suitable initial EPR-type Gaussian environmental states.
Graphics processing unit-accelerated high-quality watercolor painting image generation

Stroke-based rendering is a rendering method that mimics the actual painting technique by drawing a stroke by stroke on a blank canvas image. In this paper, we propose a watercolor image generation method using stroke-based rendering. The proposed method generates an image that is a good approximation of the input image as well as having the characteristics of a watercolor painting by repeatedly painting strokes while referring to the input image. To generate a high-quality image, that is, an image thatcloselyresemblesanactualwatercolorpainting,varioustechniquesareemployed: modeling of watercolor paper, detailed physical simulation of the movement of water and pigment, strokes using a brush model, among others. The proposed method generates a large number of strokes and performs computationally intensive watercolor simulations for each stroke. Therefore, this paper also presents its parallel algorithm using a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). We implemented this parallel algorithm on an NVIDIAA100GPU.TheexperimentalresultsshowthattheCPUimplementationswith sequential and parallel executions take 34,651 and 867 s to generate a 4K-watercolor image of size 3840 × 2144, respectively. In contrast, the GPU implementation with parallel execution succeeded in reducing the time to 44 s.
Diversity of Abundance Patterns of Light Neutron-capture Elements in Very-metal-poor Stars

We determine the abundances of neutron-capture elements from Sr to Eu for five very-metal-poor stars ( ) in the Milky Way halo to reveal the origin of light neutron-capture elements. Previous spectroscopic studies have shown evidence of at least two components in the r-process; one referred to as the “main r-process” and the other as the “weak r-process,” which is mainly responsible for producing heavy and light neutron-capture elements, respectively. Observational studies of metal-poor stars suggest that there is a universal pattern in the main r-process, similar to the abundance pattern of the r-process component of solar-system material. Still, it is uncertain whether the abundance pattern of the weak r-process shows universality or diversity, due to the sparseness of measured light neutron-capture elements. We have detected the key elements, Mo, Ru, and Pd, in five target stars to give an answer to this question. The abundance patterns of light neutron-capture elements from Sr to Pd suggest a diversity in the weak r-process. In particular, scatter in the abundance ratio between Ru and Pd is significant when the abundance patterns are normalized at Zr. Our results are compared with the elemental abundances predicted by nucleosynthesis models of supernovae with parameters such as electron fraction or proto-neutron-star mass, to investigate sources of such diversity in the abundance patterns of light neutron-capture elements. This paper presents that the variation in the abundances of observed stars can be explained with a small range of parameters, which can serve as constraints on future modeling of supernova models.
Free energy of grain boundary phases: Atomistic calculations for 
Σ5(310)[001]
 grain boundary in Cu

Atomistic simulations are employed to demonstrate the existence of a well-defined thermodynamic phase transformation between grain boundary (GB) phases with different atomic structures. The free energy of different interface structures for an embedded-atom-method model of the $\Sigma 5 (310) [001]$ symmetric tilt boundary in elemental Cu is computed using the nonequilibrium Frenkel-Ladd thermodynamic integration method through Molecular Dynamics simulations. It is shown that the free energy curves predict a temperature induced first-order interfacial phase transition in the GB structure in agreement with computational studies of the same model system. Moreover, the role of vibrational entropy in the stabilization of the high-temperature GB phase is clarified. The calculated results are able to determine the GB phase stability at homologous temperatures less than $0.5$, a temperature range particularly important given the limitation of the methods available hitherto in modeling GB phase transitions at low temperatures. The calculation of GB free energies complements currently available 0K GB structure search methods, making feasible the characterization of GB phase diagrams.
Internal shocks driven by accretion flow variability in the compact jet of the black hole binary GX 339-4

In recent years, compact jets have been playing a growing role in the understanding of accreting black hole engines. In the case of X-ray binary systems, compact jets are usually associated with the hard state phase of a source outburst. Recent observations of GX 339-4 have demonstrated the presence of a variable synchrotron spectral break in the mid-infrared band that was associated with its compact jet. In the model used in this study, we assume that the jet emission is produced by electrons accelerated in internal shocks driven by rapid fluctuations of the jet velocity. The resulting spectral energy distribution (SED) and variability properties are very sensitive to the Fourier power spectrum density (PSD) of the assumed fluctuations of the jet Lorentz factor. These fluctuations are likely to be triggered by the variability of the accretion flow which is best traced by the X-ray emission. Taking the PSD of the jet Lorentz factor fluctuations to be identical to the observed X-ray PSD, our study finds that the internal shock model successfully reproduces the radio to infrared SED of the source at the time of the observations as well as the reported strong mid-infrared spectral variability.
Vacuum dynamics in the Universe versus a rigid Λ=const.

In this year, in which we celebrate 100 years of the cosmological term, Λ, in Einstein’s gravitational field equations, we are still facing the crucial question whether Λ is truly a fundamental constant or a mildly evolving dynamical variable. After many theoretical attempts to understand the meaning of Λ, and in view of the enhanced accuracy of the cosmological observations, it seems now mandatory that this issue should be first settled empirically before further theoretical speculations on its ultimate nature. In this review, we summarize the situation of some of these studies. Devoted analyses made recently show that the Λ = const. hypothesis, despite being the simplest, may well not be the most favored one. The overall fit to the cosmological observables SNIa+BAO+H(z)+LSS+BBN+CMB single out the class of “running” vacuum models (RVMs), in which Λ = Λ(H) is an affine power-law function of the Hubble rate. It turns out that the performance of the RVM as compared to the “concordance” ΛCDM model (with Λ = const.) is much better. The evidence in support of the RVM may reach ∼ 4σ c.l. , and is bolstered with Akaike and Bayesian criteria providing strong evidence in favor of the RVM option. We also address the implications of this framework on the tension between the CMB and local measurements of the current Hubble parameter.
Laparoscopic versus Open Total Gastrectomy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: Short and Long-Term Results

Background: Laparoscopic gastrectomy for early gastric cancer is widely accepted and routinely performed. However, it is still debated whether the laparoscopic approach is a valid alternative to open gastrectomy in advanced gastric cancer (AGC). The aim of this study is to compare short-and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic (LG) and open (OG) total gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy in patients with AGC. Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted on patients who underwent LG and OG for ACG between January 2015 and December 2021. Primary endpoints were the following: recurrence rate, 3-year disease-free survival, 3-year and 5-year overall survival. Univariate and multivariate analysis was conducted to compare variables influencing outcomes and survival. Results: Ninety-two patients included: fifty-three OG and thirty-nine LG. No difference in morbidity and mortality. LG was associated with lower recurrence rates (OG 22.6% versus LG 12.8%, p = 0.048). No differences in 3-year and 5-year overall survival; 3-year disease-free survival was improved in the LG group on the univariate analysis but not after the multivariate one. LG was associated with longer operative time, lower blood loss and shorter hospital stay. Lymph node yield was higher in LG. Conclusion: LG for AGC seems to provide satisfactory clinical and oncological outcomes in medium volume centers, improved postoperative results and possibly lower recurrence rates.
Re‐examining astrophysical constraints on the dark matter model

Recent high‐resolution simulations that include Cold Dark Matter (CDM) and baryons have shown that baryonic physics can dramatically alter the dark matter structure of galaxies. These results modify our predictions for observed galaxy evolution and structure. Given these updated expectations, it is timely to re‐examine observational constraints on the dark matter model. A few observations exist that may indirectly trace dark matter, and may help confirm or deny possible dark matter models. Warm Dark Matter (WDM) and Self‐Interacting Dark Matter (SIDM) are currently the favorite alternative models to CDM. Constraints on the WDM particle mass require it to be so heavy that WDM is nearly indistinguishable from CDM. The best observational test of SIDM is likely to be in the dark matter distribution of faint dwarf galaxies, but there is a lack of theoretical predictions for galaxy structure in SIDM that account for the role of baryons.
High-frequency approximation for periodically driven quantum systems from a Floquet-space perspective

We derive a systematic high-frequency expansion for the effective Hamiltonian and the micromotion operator of periodically driven quantum systems. Our approach is based on the block diagonalization of the quasienergy operator in the extended Floquet Hilbert space by means of degenerate perturbation theory. The final results are equivalent to those obtained within a different approach (Rahav et al 2003 Phys. Rev. A 68 013820), (Goldman and Dalibard 2014 Phys. Rev. X 4 031027) and can also be related to the Floquet–Magnus expansion (Casas et al 2001 J. Phys. A 34 3379). We discuss that the dependence on the driving phase, which plagues the latter, can lead to artifactual symmetry breaking. The high-frequency approach is illustrated using the example of a periodically driven Hubbard model. Moreover, we discuss the nature of the approximation and its limitations for systems of many interacting particles.
Work extraction from microcanonical bath

We determine the maximal work extractable via a cyclic Hamiltonian process from a positive-temperature (T> 0) microcanonical state of a N≫1 spin bath. The work is much smaller than the total energy of the bath, but can be still much larger than the energy of a single bath spin, e.g. it can scale as . Qualitatively the same results are obtained for those cases, where the canonical state is unstable (e.g., due to a negative specific heat) and the microcanonical state is the only description of equilibrium. For a system coupled to a microcanonical bath the concept of free energy does not generally apply, since such a system —starting from the canonical equilibrium density matrix ρT at the bath temperature T— can enhance the work exracted from the microcanonical bath without changing its state ρT. This is impossible for any system coupled to a canonical thermal bath due to the relation between the maximal work and free energy. But the concept of free energy still applies for a sufficiently large T. Here we find a compact expression for the microcanonical free-energy and show that in contrast to the canonical case it contains a linear entropy instead of the von Neumann entropy.
Introduction to AdS-CFT

These lectures present an introduction to AdS-CFT, and are intended both for begining and more advanced graduate students, which are familiar with quantum field theory and have a working knowledge of their basic methods. Familiarity with supersymmetry, general relativity and string theory is helpful, but not necessary, as the course intends to be as self-contained as possible. I will introduce the needed elements of field and gauge theory, general relativity, supersymmetry, supergravity, strings and conformal field theory. Then I describe the basic AdS-CFT scenario, of ${\cal N}=4 $ Super Yang-Mills's relation to string theory in $AdS_5\times S_5$, and applications that can be derived from it: 3-point functions, quark-antiquark potential, finite temperature and scattering processes, the pp wave correspondence and spin chains. I also describe some general properties of gravity duals of gauge theories.
Using Statistical Parametric Mapping to Compare the Propulsion of Age-Group Swimmers in Front Crawl Acquired with the Aquanex System

Understanding the difference in each upper limb between age groups can provide deeper insights into swimmers’ propulsion. This study aimed to: (1) compare swimming velocity and a set of kinematical variables between junior and juvenile swimmers and (2) compare the propulsion outputs through discrete and continuous analyses (Statistical Parametric Mapping—SPM) between junior and juvenile swimmers for each upper limb (i.e., dominant and non-dominant). The sample was composed of 22 male swimmers (12 juniors with 16.35 ± 0.74 years; 10 juveniles with 15.40 ± 0.32 years). A set of kinematic and propulsion variables was measured at maximum swimming velocity. Statistical Parametric Mapping was used as a continuous analysis approach to identify differences in the propulsion of both upper limbs between junior and juvenile swimmers. Junior swimmers were significantly faster than juveniles (p = 0.04, d = 0.86). Although juniors showed higher propulsion values, the SPM did not reveal significant differences (p < 0.05) for dominant and non-dominant upper limbs between the two age groups. This indicates that other factors (such as drag) may be responsible for the difference in swimming velocity. Coaches and swimmers should be aware that an increase in propulsion alone may not immediately lead to an increase in swimming velocity.
Irradiated three-dimensional Luttinger semimetal: A factory for engineering Weyl semimetals

We study the interaction between elliptically polarized light and a three-dimensional Luttinger semimetal with quadratic band touching using Floquet theory. In the absence of light, the touching bands can have the same or the opposite signs of the curvature; in each case, we show that simply tuning the light parameters allows us to create a zoo of Weyl semimetallic phases. In particular, we find that double and single Weyl points can coexist at different energies, and they can be tuned to be type I or type II. We also find an unusual phase transition, in which a pair of Weyl nodes form at finite momentum and disappear off to infinity. Considering the broad tunability of light and abundance of materials described by the Luttinger Hamiltonian, such as certain pyrochlore iridates, half-Heuslers and zinc-blende semiconductors, we believe this work can lay the foundation for creating Weyl semimetals in the lab and dynamically tuning between them.
Isolation and Genotypic Identification of Some Spoilage and Pathogenic Microbes from Yogurt

Keywords This study was planned to evaluate the prevalence of E. coli, E. faecalis, B. cereus, mold and yeast in a total of 200 yogurt samples (Commercial and Balady yogurt types, 100 of each) which were be taken from different supermarkets and dairy shops at Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt. Bacteriological results revealed that, 27(13.5%) isolates were recovered from 200 yogurt samples, 8 (4.0%) E. coli (two strains of E. coli O86a H4, 3 strains of E. coli O119 H4, and 3 strains of E. coli O153 H2); 11(5.5%) E. faecalis and 8 (4.0%) B. cereus. Meanwhile, mycological results cleared that, 80 fungal isolates represented as: 37 molds (19 Aspergillus niger, 5 Aspergillus fumigatus , 5 Mucor spp., 3 Aspergillus flavus , 3 Penicillium spp. and 2 Rhizopus spp.) and 43 yeasts (23 C. albicans , 12 Rhodotorula spp. and 8 C. tropicalis ) were isolated from both brand and balady yogurt. PCR results showed that, pho A virulence genes was detected in E. coli strains and stx 1 gene was detected in one strain only, meanwhile, stx 2 gene failed to be amplified in examined strains; the16SrRNA, esp and gel E genes were detected in all E. faecalis strains and the gro EL, cyt K and nhe genes were detected in all B. cereus strains. In conclusion, some of the examined yogurt samples have risky role in transmission of pathogenic bacteria ( E. coli, E. faecalis, B. cereus), as well as mold and yeast to humans that considered as serious health hazard. Yogurt Bacillus cereus E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis
BLACK HOLES IN YOUNG STELLAR CLUSTERS

We present theoretical models for stellar black hole (BH) properties in young, massive star clusters. Using a Monte Carlo code for stellar dynamics, we model realistic star clusters with N ≃ 5 × 105 stars and significant binary fractions (up to 50%) with self-consistent treatments of stellar dynamics and stellar evolution. We compute the formation rates and characteristic properties of single and binary BHs for various representative ages, cluster parameters, and metallicities. Because of dynamical interactions and supernova (SN) kicks, more single BHs end up retained in clusters compared to BHs in binaries. We also find that the ejection of BHs from a cluster is a strong function of initial density. In low-density clusters (where dynamical effects are negligible), it is mainly SN kicks that eject BHs from the cluster, whereas in high-density clusters (initial central density ρc(0) ∼ 105 M☉ pc−3 in our models) the BH ejection rate is enhanced significantly by dynamics. Dynamical interactions of binary systems in dense clusters also modify the orbital period and eccentricity distributions while increasing the probability of a BH having a more massive companion.