Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Precoding-Based Handover Scheme Design for High-Speed Railway Communication

In high-speed railway (HSR) communication, the handover becomes more frequent for the high mobility of trains. In this letter, a precoding based handover scheme is proposed to reduce the ping-pong handover trigger rate and improve the HSR system stability. Specifically, the precoding vectors of serving and target cell are jointly designed to maximize the difference in received signal strength between the two cells during the handover preparation phase. And the optimal precoding vectors is solved through the concave-convex process and the second-order cone programming transformation. The simulation results show that the proposed handover scheme can effectively alleviate the occurrence of ping-pong handover and ensure the system stability of HSR communication. The system has higher signal strength than with the traditional scheme.
Data-Driven Wind Farm Control via Multiplayer Deep Reinforcement Learning

This brief proposes a novel data-driven control scheme to maximize the total power output of wind farms subject to strong aerodynamic interactions among wind turbines. The proposed method is model-free and has strong robustness, adaptability, and applicability. Particularly, distinct from the state-of-the-art data-driven wind farm control methods that commonly use the steady-state or time-averaged data (such as turbines’ power outputs under steady wind conditions or from steady-state models) to carry out learning, the proposed method directly mines in-depth the time-series data measured at turbine rotors under time-varying wind conditions to achieve farm-level power maximization. The control scheme is built on a novel multiplayer deep reinforcement learning method (MPDRL), in which a special critic–actor–distractor structure, along with deep neural networks (DNNs), is designed to handle the stochastic feature of wind speeds and learn optimal control policies subject to a user-defined performance metric. The effectiveness, robustness, and scalability of the proposed MPDRL-based wind farm control method are tested by prototypical case studies with a dynamic wind farm simulator (WFSim). Compared with the commonly used greedy strategy, the proposed method leads to clear increases in farm-level power generation in case studies.
Dynamical Polarizability of Small Metal Particles: Self-Consistent Spherical Jellium Background Model

Etude de la polarisabilite electronique de petites particules metalliques dans l'approximation de densite locale appliquee au modele du jellium spherique. On emploie des potentiels effectifs auto-coherents pour la determination de la susceptibilite d'une particule independante
Formation of Ellerman bombs due to 3D flux emergence

Aims. We investigate the emergence of a “sea-serpent” magnetic field into the outer solar atmosphere and the connection between undulating fieldlines and formation of Ellerman bombs. Methods. We perform 3D numerical experiments solving the time-dependent and resistive MHD equations. Results. A sub-photospheric magnetic flux sheet develops undulations due to the Parker instability. It rises from the convectively unstable sub-photospheric layer and emerges into the highly stratified atmosphere through successive reconnection events along the undulating system. Brightenings with the characteristics of Ellerman bombs are produced due to reconnection, which occurs during the emergence of the field. At an advanced stage of the evolution of the system, the resistive emergence leads to the formation of long, arch-like magnetic fields that expand into the corona. The enhancement of the magnetic field at the low atmosphere and episodes of emergence of new magnetic flux are also discussed.
The Total Energy Environment of Severe Storms

Abstract The distribution in time and space of the total specific energy (cpT + gZ + Lq + V2/2) of the environment of severe storms is examined. Comparison of the total energy profiles of tornado proximity soundings with the closest check soundings show pronounced differences. The tornado proximity sounding has substantially higher total energy values in the lower troposphere and lower values in the mid-troposphere than nearby stations. It is shown that the total specific energy may be approximated with negligible error by the static energy (cpT + gZ + Lw) and that this parameter is proportional to isobaric equivalent potential temperature and is similarly conservative. A practical application of these results to severe storm forecasting is given in the form of a “Total Energy Index. ” This index is readily and objectively determined from routinely transmitted upper air data. Unlike other widely used stability indices, the Energy Index indicates not only the energy release associated with the ascending, po.
A 2.29-pJ/b 112-Gb/s Wireline Transceiver With RX Four-Tap FFE for Medium-Reach Applications in 28-nm CMOS

This article presents a four-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) transceiver targeting very-short-reach and medium-reach (MR) electrical links. The receiver (RX) employs a sample-based four-tap feed-forward equalizer (FFE) for pre- and post-cursor inter-symbol interference (ISI) compensation. The two-stage 16-way interleaving provides sufficient operation time for FFE summation, which relaxes the bandwidth (BW) requirement and improves power efficiency. The non-uniform segmented three-tap FFE reduces the parasitic capacitance in the transmitter (TX). The one-unit interval (UI)-pulse generator in the 4:1 multiplexer uses a pre-charge phase to achieve a fast edge with single-stage logic. Fabricated in 28-nm CMOS technology, the transceiver achieves a bit error rate (BER) of < 1 $e-11$ at 112-Gb/s transmission with a channel loss of 20.8 dB and an energy efficiency of 2.29 pJ/b.
Minor Actinides Transmutation Performance in a Closed Th–U Cycle Based on Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor

The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCFR) with a closed Th–U fuel cycle is receiving more and more attention due to its excellent performance, such as high solubility of actinides, superior breeding capacity, and good inherent safety. In this work, the neutronics performances for different minor actinides (MA) loadings and operation modes are analyzed and discussed based on an optimized MCFR. The results indicate that online continuous reprocessing can significantly increase the transmutation performance of MAs. In addition, MA loadings have an obvious effect on the neutronics characteristics of the MCFR, and it is helpful for improving the MA transmutation capability and 233U breeding performance, simultaneously. When MA = 5 mol%, the average annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can achieve about 53 kg and 13 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of 233U is 250 kg. When MA = 33.5 mol%, the annual MA transmutation mass and incineration mass can be about 310 kg and 77 kg, respectively, and the corresponding annual net production of 233U is 349 kg. However, when the MA loadings exceed 10%, the corresponding keff will exceed 1.1 for decades, even if only Th is continuously fed online. The results also indicate that the transmutation ratio (TR) and incineration ratio (IR) of MA increase and reach maximum values in the first decades for all the different MA loadings, which means MA may be fed into the fuel salt to improve its transmutation capability. Moreover, though MA loading will increase the level of radiotoxicity of the core in the early stage of burnup, the radiotoxicity of MA will drop rapidly after a brief rise during the operation. It can also be found that the temperature coefficient of reactivity (TCR) of all different MA loadings can be negative enough to maintain the safety of the MCFR during the whole operation, although it decreases in the beginning of life (BOL) with the increasing MA loading. Furthermore, the evolution of an effective delayed neutron fraction (EDNF) is also researched and discussed, and the EDNF varies most significantly when loading MA = 35.5 mol%, with a range of 273 to 310 pcm over the entire 100 years of operation.
Decomposition Methods for Solving Multi-model Markov Decision Processes

Lauren N. Steimle Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, steimle@umich.edu Vinayak Ahluwalia, Charmee Kamdar Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, vahluw@umich.edu,ckamdar@umich.edu Brian T. Denton Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, btdenton@umich.edu
Ray‐mode analysis of a random medium waveguide

Statistical propagation characteristics in a waveguide filled with a randomly fluctuating medium can be modeled in terms of rays and guided modes. In this work, a plane‐parallel waveguide filled with a random medium having a characteristic fluctuations scale much smaller than the transverse waveguide dimension is considered. The field approaching the observer in such a waveguide can be approximated as a sum of contributions of a direct ray and the rays reflected by the waveguide walls. The corresponding intensity distribution is presented as a sum of two parts: coherent and incoherent. Using the Poisson summation formula, these portions can be transformed into the sums of guided modes. Numerical examples are presented.
The Naval Research Laboratory’s Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS)

Abstract The three-dimensional Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) has been developed by the Naval Research Laboratory. COAMPS consists of an atmospheric data assimilation system comprising data quality control, analysis, initialization, and nonhydrostatic forecast model components, as well as a hydrostatic ocean model. The models can be integrated simultaneously so that the surface fluxes of heat, momentum, and moisture are exchanged across the air–water interface every time step. Optionally, either the atmospheric or ocean model can be used as a stand-alone system. The atmospheric component of COAMPS was used for operational support for the America3 team in the 1995 America’s Cup races. Results of these forecasts indicated the necessity of data assimilation to reduce model spinup in the first 6 h of the forecast. Accurate forecasts of the low-level wind in the coastal race area was accomplished by utilizing triply nested grids to attain the necessary high resolution to resolve .
Dielectric Dispersion and Twin Structure in Hexagonal Barium Titanate

The complex dielectric constant of hexagonal BaTiO 3 , (h-BT) along the ferroelectric axis has been measured in the frequency range from 10 3 Hz to 10 9 Hz. It is found that the specimen cooled in a strong d.c. electric field exhibits resonant-type dielectric dispersions around 1 MHz and 300 MHz both in the phase II (222 K> T > T c =62 K) and the phase III ( T c > T ). The dispersion around 1 MHz does not appear for the specimen cooled without the d.c. electric field. The effect of the field-cooling on these dispersions is discussed in connection with the twin structure expected from a group theoretical consideration. The dielectric anomaly around T c diminishes in the damped dielectric constant, indicating that the ferroelectric phase transition in h-BT is closely related to an elastic instability.
Antenna trajectory error analysis in backprojection-based SAR images

We present an analysis of the positioning errors in Backprojection (BP)-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images due to antenna trajectory errors for a monostatic SAR traversing a straight linear trajectory. Our analysis is developed using microlocal analysis, which can provide an explicit quantitative relationship between the trajectory error and the positioning error in BP-based SAR images. The analysis is applicable to arbitrary trajectory errors in the antenna and can be extended to arbitrary imaging geometries. We present numerical simulations to demonstrate our analysis.
Design Configuration and Technical Application of Rotary-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Due to their advantages in hovering, takeoff and landing adaptability, maneuverability, and other factors, rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are widely applied across many different fields. The UAVs' design and configuration can be quite flexible to fit diverse operation conditions. The major goal of innovations in rotary-wing UAVs is to lower operating risk and expense by optimizing payload and structure layout. This study examines three aspects of rotary-wing UAV design and evolution: the number and arrangement of rotors, hybrid-wing-based UAVs, and configuration and loading structures. The most current advancements of UAV applications in crucial industries, including agriculture, fire rescue, inspection and monitoring, and aerial logistics, are then thoroughly examined. Finally, the authors discussed the prospective uses for rotary-wing UAV design in the future.
The Intelligent Attitude: What Is Missing from Intelligence Tests

Intelligence, like creativity and wisdom, has an attitudinal component as well as an ability-based one. The attitudinal component is at least as important as the ability-based one. Theories of intelligence, in ignoring the attitudinal component of intelligence, have failed to account fully or accurately for why so many people who have relatively high levels of intelligence as an ability fail fully to deploy their ability, especially toward positive ends. The article reviews the need to view intelligence as comprising an attitude as well as an ability, and surveys reasons why people’s lack of an intelligent attitude hinders their deployment of intelligence. Suggestions are made for how things could change in a positive way.
The Implementation of Environmental Management System to Moderate the Relationship Between the Green Strategy and Company Performance

Introduction: The aspects of the highest pollution levels required a green strategy solution and the implementation of an Environmental Management System to improve the company's performance. This study aims to test and analyze environmental management systems' green strategy and implementation. Method: This study uses primary data collected using questionnaires from respondents using the Purposive sampling technique. The number of questionnaires that can be used is as many as 142, with the company analysis unit of State-Owned Enterprises and private companies included in the green industry list from 185 total questionnaires. Data were processed and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by the alternative Partial Least Square (PLS) method. Result: The green strategy affects the company's performance. Meanwhile, applying the Environment Management System has no effect as a reinforcement of the relationship of green strategy on the company performance. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the company’s strategy, state-owned enterprises, and private companies in determining green-oriented vision and goals. Conclusion: The Green strategy impacts the company's performance; it is proven that a good green plan will increase the company's performance produced by state-owned enterprises. A low green method will decrease the performance of the company made by state-owned enterprises and private industrial companies. The implementation of Environmental Management Systems cannot increase the impact of the green strategy on the productivity of industrial organizations, state-owned enterprises, and private companies.
A Critique and Improvement of the CL Common Language Effect Size Statistics of McGraw and Wong

McGraw and Wong (1992) described an appealing index of effect size, called CL, which measures the difference between two populations in terms of the probability that a score sampled at random from the first population will be greater than a score sampled at random from the second. McGraw and Wong introduced this "common language effect size statistic" for normal distributions and then proposed an approximate estimation for any continuous distribution. In addition, they generalized CL to the n-group case, the correlated samples case, and the discrete values case. In the current paper a different generalization of CL, called the A measure of stochastic superiority, is proposed, which may be directly applied for any discrete or continuous variable that is at least ordinally scaled. Exact methods for point and interval estimation as well as the significance tests of the A = . 5 hypothesis are provided. New generalizations ofCL are provided for the multi-group and correlated samples cases.
WW GEMINORUM: AN EARLY B-TYPE ECLIPSING BINARY EVOLVING INTO THE CONTACT PHASE

WW Gem is a B-type eclipsing binary with a period of 1.2378 days. The CCD photometry of this binary was performed in 2013 December using the 85 cm telescope at the Xinglong Stations of the National Astronomical Observatories of China. Using the updated W-D program, the photometric model was deduced from the VRI light curves. The results imply that WW Gem is a near-contact eclipsing binary whose primary component almost fills its Roche lobe. The photometric mass ratio is qph = 0.48(± 0.05). All collected times of minimum light, including two new ones, were used for the period studies. The orbital period changes of WW Gem could be described by an upward parabola, possibly overlaid by a light-time orbit with a period of Pmod = 7.41(± 0.04) yr and a semi-amplitude of A = 0.0079 days(± 0.0005 days), respectively. This kind of cyclic oscillation may be attributed to the light-travel time effect via the third body. The long-term period increases at a rate of dP/dt = +3.47(±0.04) × 10−8 day yr−1, which may be explained by the conserved mass transfer from the less massive component to the more massive one. With mass transfer, the massive binary WW Gem may be evolving into a contact binary.
Isolation, Identification Bacteria and Bioremediation of Soil Contaminate Crude Oil from Specific Area (Baiji_Iraq)

In this paper new eight types of bacteria that degrading crude oil were isolated. The isolated were from Baiji, near Tikrit, the center of Salah al-Din Governorate, IRAQ. The nucleotide sequences of the 16rRNA gene revealed that these isolates belong to the genus Bacillus, Cytobacillus and Staphylococcus. These isolated bacteria proved their ability to degradation petroleum hydrocarbons with varying effectiveness, as Cytobacillus firmus IBMA1 bacteria proved 98% effective in degrading hydrocarbons among the mineral salts in petroleum, Bacillus cereus IBMA3 showed a capacity to crack oil compounds by 92% in the medium of SMS mineral salts agar and Bacillus zhangzhouensis IBMA4 showed a cracking ability of 90% for the compounds present in crude oil. The other bacteria degraded petroleum compound with different rates. Based on it, three species that are big destroyers were taken to bioremediate crude oil containment soil from the same polluted site. The capacity of each basin is 10 kg. Each basin was treated with one type of bacteria over a period of two months. Then also, gas chromatography (GC) was used for soil samples after one and two months of treatment. The experiment was conducted from 17/2/2022 to 17/4/2022. The biological treatment was done using bacteria and contaminated soil. The results showed that IBMA1 bacteria have a great ability to consume PAHs with a consumption rate of 60.365% and that the lowest concentration of the remaining aromatic hydrocarbons was (6.5ppm), while IBMA3 bacteria showed their ability to consume PAHs with an average of 52.217% within two months. From the treatment, the lowest concentration of the remaining aromatic hydrocarbons was (9ppm) and IBMA4 bacteria showed the minimum ability to consume polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, with a consumption rate of 44.65% as an average consumption, and the lowest remaining concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons were by (12ppm), while the average consumption of compounds during the two-month treatment period was 39.280%, and the results of the statistical analysis show the superiority of soil treatment with IBMA1 bacteria over IBMA3 bacteria and IBMA4 bacteria at the probability of P≤0.01.
A class of regularities for rings

Abstract In this paper a general concept of regularity for rings is defined. It is shown that every regularity determines in a natural way a subradical and a radical for rings. A wide class of regularities is constructed: the class of polynomial regularities. All well-known regularities, such as the Perlis-Jacobson regularity, the von Neumann regularity and many others, belong to this class. Special attention is paid to regularities which are elementary in the sense that the so-called unic and nullic polynomial regularities can be thought of as intersections of the elementary ones.
Levitation of a drop over a film flow

A vertical jet of water impinging on a horizontal surface produces a radial film flow followed by a circular hydraulic jump. We report a phenomenon where fairly large (1 ml) drops of liquid levitate just upstream of the jump on a thin air layer between the drop and the film flow. We explain the phenomenon using lubrication theory. Bearing action both in the air film and the water film seems to be necessary to support large drops. Horizontal support is given to the drop by the hydraulic jump. A variety of drop shapes is observed depending on the volume of the drop and liquid properties. We show that interaction of the forces due to gravity, surface tension, viscosity and inertia produces these various shapes.
Single shot ptychographical iterative engine based on multi-beam illumination

An optical alignment and a corresponding reconstruction algorithm are proposed to realize a single shot Ptychographical Iterative Engine (PIE). Multiple light beams generated by a cross grating are used to illuminate the specimen, and the resulting diffraction patterns formed on the detector plane by each beam are recorded simultaneously. The modulus and phase images are properly reconstructed with standard PIE algorithm. The proposed single shot method omits the needs for a mechanical x-y scanning of standard PIE algorithm and hence dramatically reduces the data acquisition time.
Dynamic fine‐tuning layer selection using Kullback–Leibler divergence

The selection of layers in the transfer learning fine‐tuning process ensures a pre‐trained model's accuracy and adaptation in a new target domain. However, the selection process is still manual and without clearly defined criteria. If the wrong layers in a neural network are selected and used, it could lead to poor accuracy and model generalization in the target domain. This paper introduces the use of Kullback–Leibler divergence on the weight correlations of the model's convolutional neural network layers. The approach identifies the positive and negative weights in the ImageNet initial weights selecting the best‐suited layers of the network depending on the correlation divergence. We experiment on four publicly available datasets and six ImageNet pre‐trained models used in past studies for results comparisons. This proposed approach method yields better accuracies than the standard fine‐tuning baselines with a margin accuracy rate of 10.8%–24%, thereby leading to better model adaptation for target transfer learning tasks.