Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of isocaloric low-fat diet on human LAPC-4 prostate cancer xenografts in severe combined immunodeficient mice and the insulin-like growth factor axis.

Over-consumption of dietary fat has been suggested to promote the development and progression of prostate cancer in men. The present study was conducted to answer the following questions: (a) Can dietary fat reduction decrease tumor growth rates of Los Angeles prostate cancer (LAPC)-4 xenografts in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice independent of total caloric intake? and (b) Is the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis involved in the effects of dietary fat on LAPC-4 tumor growth in SCID mice? Twenty-eight male CB17 beige SCID mice (8 weeks old) were individually caged, randomized, and fed an isocaloric high-fat (HF, 42% kcal) or low-fat (LF, 12% kcal) diet. Each mouse was s.c. injected with 1 x 10(5) LAPC-4 cells, and tumor volumes were measured weekly. At week 16, all animals were sacrificed, and serum and tumors were obtained for analysis. Although caloric intakes and mouse weights were equal between groups, the LF mice had significantly slower tumor growth rates and lower serum prostate-specific antigen levels compared with the HF mice. LF mice had significantly lower levels of serum insulin, tumor IGF-1 mRNA expression, and tumor IGFBP-2 immunostaining and higher levels of serum IGFBP-1 (by Western ligand blot) relative to the HF mice. There were no differences in the serum levels of IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-4 between the groups. LAPC-4 cells cultured in vitro with media containing serum from LF mice demonstrated slower growth than LAPC-4 cells cultured in media containing HF mice serum. These results demonstrate that intake of an LF diet was associated with slower LAPC-4 prostate tumor growth relative to mice fed an HF diet, independent of total caloric intake, and this effect may be mediated through modulation of the insulin/IGF axis.
MLDSE: Multi-Task Learning for Depth and Segmentation Estimation

Monocular depth estimation remains a challenging task due to the susceptibility to photometric errors and inaccuracies in the depth boundaries. Recent methods use a novel multi task framework that combines depth estimation with the segmentation task to leverage the inherent relationship between depth and object boundaries, refining depth estimates and enforcing depth discontinuities. In this paper, we investigate three novel attention modules that operate on both spatial and channel dimensions and propose a Cross-Task Feature Propagation Unit that effectively enables enhanced information transfer across tasks. Furthermore, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the multi-scale loss of segmentation and its influence on depth estimation accuracy. Experiments performed on the KITTI datasets confirm the efficacy of our framework, producing results that are competitive with those obtained using state-of-the-art techniques.
The effect of memory in shaping virtual heritage

Memory is an important part of virtual heritage, through which transferred the material heritage into virtual heritage and to future generations. Therefore, the research studies memory, its types, virtual reality, and how virtual heritage works through analyzing previous studies related to research concepts, and defining the research problem by finding the knowledge gap between memory and virtual heritage and so that using memory to rebuild virtual heritage through virtual reality and then taking a case study and applying the research indicators to it and analyze the results to extract the most important results of the research.
Breast Feeding Increases Vasoconstriction Induced by Electrical Field Stimulation in Rat Mesenteric Artery. Role of Neuronal Nitric Oxide and ATP

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate in rat mesenteric artery whether breast feeding (BF) affects the vasomotor response induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS), participation by different innervations in the EFS-induced response and the mechanism/s underlying these possible modifications. Methods Experiments were performed in female Sprague-Dawley rats (3 months old), divided into three groups: Control (in oestrous phase), mothers after 21 days of BF, and mothers that had recovered their oestral cycle (After BF, in oestrous phase). Vasomotor response to EFS, noradrenaline (NA) and nitric oxide (NO) donor DEA-NO were studied. Neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) and phosphorylated nNOS (P-nNOS) protein expression were analysed and NO, superoxide anion (O2 .–), NA and ATP releases were also determined. Results EFS-induced contraction was higher in the BF group, and was recovered after BF. 1 µmol/L phentolamine decreased the response to EFS similarly in control and BF rats. NA vasoconstriction and release were similar in both experimental groups. ATP release was higher in segments from BF rats. 0.1 mmol/L L-NAME increased the response to EFS in both control and BF rats, but more so in control animals. BF decreased NO release and did not modify O2 . – production. Vasodilator response to DEA-NO was similar in both groups, while nNOS and P-nNOS expressions were decreased in segments from BF animals. Conclusion Breast feeding increases EFS-induced contraction in mesenteric arteries, mainly through the decrease of neuronal NO release mediated by decreased nNOS and P-nNOS expression. Sympathetic function is increased through the increased ATP release in BF rats.
Stabilizing a linear system by switching control with dwell time

The use of networks in control systems to connect controllers and sensors/actuators has become common practice in many applications. This new technology has also posed a theoretical control problem of how to use the limited data rate of the network effectively. We consider a system where its sensor and actuator are connected by a finite data rate channel. A design method to stabilize a continuous-time, linear plant using a switching controller is proposed. In particular, to prevent the actuator from fast switching, or chattering, which can not only increase the necessary data rate but also damage the system, we employ a dwell-time switching scheme. It is shown that a systematic partition of the state-space enables us to reduce the complexity of the design problem.
Phosphorylation-Dependent Regulation of the DNA Damage Response of Adaptor Protein KIBRA in Cancer Cells

ABSTRACT Multifunctional adaptor proteins encompassing various protein-protein interaction domains play a central role in the DNA damage response pathway. In this report, we show that KIBRA is a physiologically interacting reversible substrate of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase. We identified the site of phosphorylation in KIBRA as threonine 1006, which is embedded within the serine/threonine (S/T) Q consensus motif, by site-directed mutagenesis, and we further confirmed the same with a phospho-(S/T) Q motif-specific antibody. Results from DNA repair functional assays such as the γ-H2AX assay, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), Comet assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and clonogenic cell survival assay using stable overexpression clones of wild-type (wt.) KIBRA and active (T1006E) and inactive (T1006A) KIBRA phosphorylation mutants showed that T1006 phosphorylation on KIBRA is essential for optimal DNA double-strand break repair in cancer cells. Further, results from stable retroviral short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown (KD) clones of KIBRA and KIBRA knockout (KO) model cells generated by a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 system showed that depleting KIBRA levels compromised the DNA repair functions in cancer cells upon inducing DNA damage. All these phenotypic events were reversed upon reconstitution of KIBRA into cells lacking KIBRA knock-in (KI) model cells. All these results point to the fact that phosphorylated KIBRA might be functioning as a scaffolding protein/adaptor protein facilitating the platform for further recruitment of other DNA damage response factors. In summary, these data demonstrate the imperative functional role of KIBRA per se (KIBRA phosphorylation at T1006 site as a molecular switch that regulates the DNA damage response, possibly via the nonhomologous end joining [NHEJ] pathway), suggesting that KIBRA could be a potential therapeutic target for modulating chemoresistance in cancer cells.
Developmental neurobiology of the zebrafish

How does the nervous system develop? This problem has intrigued embryologists for more than a century. In fact, early investigators formulated many of the fundamental questions about how the nervous system arises, how neurons acquire their identities, and how neuronal processes find and form synapses with appropriate target cells. To answer these questions, it would be ideal to have a single species with which cellular, molecular, and genetic analyses could be carried out on individually identified neurons and their associated cells as they develop and generate a complex nervous system. The zebrafish (Brachydunio rerio) has the potential to be such a species. In this essay, I will discuss aspects of the zebrafish that make its embryo an excellent material for developmental studies, results that have extended our knowledge of nervous system development, and future prospects for this work.
Optimization Techniques for Data Consistency and Throughput Using Kafka Stateful Stream Processing

Nowadays, some organizations may have various application systems, databases, and services. Sometimes, each of them is designed using different technologies. Data integration has an important role in modern complex software architectures. In this context, data integration enables data to be spread across an organization's entire technology ecosystem. It requires a guarantee that the data being transmitted is valid and consistent. Therefore, a strategy is needed to ensure the validity of data exchange between applications. This research takes an in-depth look at the analysis and implementation of data integration using Apache Kafka. It discusses optimization strategies and techniques to improve data consistency and throughput in a Kafka environment. This research provides important insights into how Kafka Stream and Kafka Connect can improve data integration compared to Kafka's conventional producer-consumer model.
W-band Antenna-in-Package for Satellite Communications

This paper proposes a circularly-polarized Wband satellite antenna with split-ring elements for axial ratio compensation. The proposed antenna is fed by a circular feeding stripline at the substrate center for rotational symmetry, and two split rings are placed on top of each other above the feeding layer. The split rings allow tuning the axial ratio for different array elements by rotating their angles individually. The proposed antenna shows a fractional bandwidth of $12 \%$ and maintains a high realized gain of 15.7dBic for a $4 \times 4$ planar array with an axial ratio of $2.1 \mathrm{~dB}$ at 93.5GHz.
[Sudden infant death syndrome].

The term: SID syndrome applies to sudden and unexpected death of the infant for which no diagnostic fetal factor has been found. It is also applied to sudden death of a less than one year old baby, the cause is not recognizable after complete post mortem study, and review of disease records. Such a death will be a very bitter and sorrowful experience for the family, therefor the nurses are bound to support the family both mentally and spiritually.
A Quarter Century Journey: Evolution of Object Detection Methods

One of the most important tasks in computer vision is object detection, which is identifying and recognizing things in pictures or video frames. The field of object detection algorithms has advanced significantly over the years, especially with the introduction of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and, more recently, Transformers. The survey begins by reviewing the pioneering methods that laid the foundation for modern object detection. It explores the watershed moment in 2012 when the arrival of deep learning-based approaches, specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), transformed the field. We delve into the pivotal role played by datasets namely ImageNet, PASCAL VOC, and COCO in driving progress through benchmark challenges. The objective of this survey study is to present an in-depth analysis of the development of object detection techniques. , starting from the conventional CNN-based methods to the cutting-edge Transformer-based architectures, and finally exploring the emerging hybrid models that integrate the best features of both CNN and transformers. Furthermore, the survey investigates challenges in object detection, such as handling occlusions, scale variations, and real-world deployment issues, while also discussing evaluation metrics and benchmarks used to assess performance. The paper also sheds light on the ethical implications of object detection, particularly concerning privacy and bias.
In Vivo Role for the Chromatin-remodeling Enzyme SWI/SNF in the Removal of Promoter Nucleosomes by Disassembly Rather Than Sliding

Background: The enzymatic activities catalyzing disassembly of promoter nucleosomes in vivo are unknown. Results: We show that nucleosomes are lost from activated PHO8 gene and promoter circles, formed in vivo, in an SWI/SNF-dependent manner. Conclusion: SWI/SNF plays a role in nucleosome disassembly in vivo. Significance: Our findings are the first demonstration of nucleosome disassembly in vivo dependent on a known chromatin-remodeling enzyme. Analysis of in vivo chromatin remodeling at the PHO5 promoter of yeast led to the conclusion that remodeling removes nucleosomes from the promoter by disassembly rather than sliding away from the promoter. The catalytic activities required for nucleosome disassembly remain unknown. Transcriptional activation of the yeast PHO8 gene was found to depend on the chromatin-remodeling complex SWI/SNF, whereas activation of PHO5 was not. Here, we show that PHO8 gene circles formed in vivo lose nucleosomes upon PHO8 induction, indicative of nucleosome removal by disassembly. Our quantitative analysis of expression noise and chromatin-remodeling data indicates that the dynamics of continual nucleosome removal and reformation at the activated promoters of PHO5 and PHO8 are closely similar. In contrast to PHO5, however, activator-stimulated transcription of PHO8 appears to be limited mostly to the acceleration of promoter nucleosome disassembly with little or no acceleration of promoter transitions following nucleosome disassembly, accounting for the markedly lower expression level of PHO8.
Comprehensive Study of Side-Channel Analysis (CyberSecurity)

In the ever-evolving environment of digital security, the value of cryptographic systems in preserving data and communications cannot be emphasized. However, the introduction of side-channel attacks has presented a substantial hazard, leveraging minor information breaches from the physical implementations of cryptographic algorithms. This research, via a thorough examination of literature spanning several years, tries to consolidate and classify the diverse approaches employed in side-channel assaults. This research dives into the fundamental weaknesses that these assaults exploit, spanning elements such as power usage, electromagnetic radiation, timing problems, and auditory emissions. To demonstrate the real-world ramifications of side-channel vulnerabilities, the paper presents realistic examples and case studies, providing light on the possible repercussions of these assaults. By classifying side-channel assaults depending on their strategy and identifying important instances within each category, this research elucidates the broad landscape of side-channel threats. It also investigates the severe effect of these attacks on cryptographic systems and its implications for general security, highlighting the critical need for comprehensive countermeasures. This thorough research gives a full evaluation of side-channel assaults, concentrating on their methodology, effect, and the increasing realm of response tactics. Understanding the subtleties of side-channel attacks is crucial to strengthening the security of cryptographic systems. As such, this study offers as a helpful resource for academics, practitioners, and policymakers contending with the evolving environment of side-channel assaults. It emphasizes the continual necessity for study and joint attempts to reinforce cryptography solutions in a more linked culture.
A Research Perspective Review on Microwave Communications-The Fundamentals, Techniques, and Technologies Uniting the Wireless World

A contemporary wireless network is dependent on a number of different technologies that are all linked to one another in order to give consumers with a beautiful experience that is open, quick, and most importantly, reliable. It is possible for microwave communications, which are used for backhaul applications to shift site traffic onto and off of the main network, to create or break that fantastic customer experience. This study provides a lucid and incisive analysis of the components, strategies, and processes that must be implemented in order to build a microwave communications network that is successful and dependable.
Budget-Aware Road Semantic Segmentation in Unseen Foggy Scenes

In autonomous driving, the reliable and accurate identification of road-related objects plays a crucial role in ensuring safe and efficient navigation services. Unfortunately, traditional semantic segmentation methods often encounter visibility challenges, particularly in adverse weather conditions like fog, leading to an increased frequency of traffic accidents. To address this issue, we propose and evaluate two budget-aware approaches aimed at significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of road object semantic segmentation under foggy weather conditions. The first approach involves the integration of state-of-the-art image dehazing algorithms, designed to mitigate the adverse effects of fog on input images. This method effectively enhances visibility and clarity, thereby enhancing the segmentation process. The second approach leverages advanced algorithms and models to simulate foggy environments, introducing diversity into the training dataset. By exposing the models to varying degrees of simulated fog, they become more robust and adaptive to real-world foggy conditions, ultimately leading to improved segmentation performance. To assess the effectiveness of these approaches, we employ various well-established models on publicly available datasets to accurately represent challenging foggy scenarios encountered in autonomous driving. Our experimental results demonstrate that most models exhibit noticeable accuracy improvements, with some achieving up to a 20% increase when benefiting from the two proposed solutions.
AI vs. Human Vision: A Comparative Analysis for Distinguishing AI-Generated and Natural Images

Today’s data-driven generation has led to remarkable advancements in technology. However, as there are two sides to a coin, technology too has both its advantages and disadvantages. The expansion of AI has given rise to ‘Deepfake’ which involves skillful superimposing of person’s face with another person’s face which is very dangerous and it is used to produce morphed images and disseminate fake videos which has led to cyberbullying, financial fraud and cybersecurity risks. Our goal is to correctly determine authentic images by classifying them into AI generated v/s real images.We have used ‘PyGoogle’ image library for creation of dataset for AI images and for the real image dataset we have used our own camera to capture real images. We have used CNN model on both the dataset and observed that accuracy of Google images dataset is 88 percent and that of the own dataset is 81 percent. For evaluating the performance of our model we have created Confusion Matrix for the same.
Nitrogen Trace Gas Emissions to Nitrogen Fertilization in Tropical Sugar Cane: Variations due to Soils and Management Practices

ABSTRACT. Nitrogen (N) fertilization of agricultural systems isthought to be a major source of the increase in atmospheric N2O; NOemissions from soils have also been shown to increase due to Nfertilization. While N fertilizer use is increasing rapidly in thedeveloping world and in the tropics, nearly all of our information ongas emissions is derived from studies of temperate zone agriculture.Using chambers, we measured fluxes of N2O and NO following ureafertilization in tropical sugar cane systems growing on a variety ofsoil types in the Hawaiian Islands, USA. On the island of Maui, whereurea is applied in irrigation lines and soils are mollisols andinceptisols, N2O fluxes were elevated for a week or less followingfertilization; maximum average fluxes were typically less than 30ng cm' 2 Ir 1. NO fluxes were often an order of magnitude less thanNaO. Together, N2O and NO represented from 0.01 - 0.5% of theapplied N. In fields on the island of Hawaii, where urea is broadcaston the surface and soils are andisols, N2O fluxes were similar inmagnitude to Maui but remained elevated for much longer periodsafter fertilization. NO emissions were 2-5 times higher than N2Othrough most of the sampling periods. Together the gases lossesrepresented approxmiately 1.1 - 3% of the applied N. Laboratorystudies indicate that denitrification is a critical source of N2O inMaui, but that nitrification is more important in Hawaii.Experimental studies suggest that differences in the pattern ofN2O/NO and the processes producing them are a result of both carbonavailability and placement of fertilizer, and that the moreinformation-intensive fertilizer management practice results inlower emissions.
Coarse Hierarchical Delta Debugging

This paper introduces the Coarse Hierarchical Delta Debugging algorithm for efficient test case reduction. It can be used as a test case simplification algorithm in its own right if theoretical minimality is not a strict requirement, or it can act as a preprocessing step to the original Hierarchical Delta Debugging algorithm. Evaluation of artificial and real test cases shows that a coarse variant can produce reduced test cases with significantly fewer testing steps than the original algorithm (58% gain on average, 79% maximum), while still keeping the outputs acceptably small (never increasing the reduced test cases by more than 0.36% of the input).