Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient architecture/compiler co-exploration for ASIPs

In this paper, we present an efficient exploration algorithm for architecture/compiler co-designs of application-specific instruction-set processors. The huge design space is spanned by processor architecture parameters as well as different compiler optimization strategies. The objective space is multi-dimensional including conflicting objectives such as hardware cost, execution time and code size. The goal of the presented exploration algorithm is to determine the set of Pareto-optimal designs and compiler settings for a given benchmark program.In a case study, while exploring Pareto-optimal designs for a given DSP benchmark program, we show that for a realistic architecture family, the huge search space may be reduced dramatically using proper techniques to prune search spaces that may not contain Pareto-optimal solutions. Finally, we analyse and present solutions on what is the best architecture for a mixture of benchmark programs, i.e., what are the best architecture/compiler co-designs to execute the DSPstone benchmark.
PhD forum: Non supervised learning of human activities in Visual Sensor Networks

We outline how Human Activity Recognition systems based on Dynamic Bayesian Networks using a single camera may be adapted to be used in Visual Sensor Networks. It is assumed that current activity generates independent observations on some cameras in the network. Then, the activity is inferred by the accumulation of the evidences provided by the observations gathered. At the same time, some activities never produce observations on some cameras. Baum-Welch algorithm is modified to deal with this situation, providing some examples of when it converges.
Thalamic Hyperintensity on Diffusion-Weighted MRI in a Patient with Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus

We present a 70-year-old woman with nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) with thalamic hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI). She had no previous history of epilepsy. Her altered mentality was not normalized though we successfully controlled the ictal activity by standard treatment. Initial DWI showed diffuse hyperintensity in the right thalamus, which raised the possibility of seizure-related change. At the follow-up DWI, more localized high signal intensity lesion was present in the right pulvinar area. There was no apparent cause of her NCSE despite our extensive work-ups. The authors suggest that transient ischemia is a possible causative pathomechanism in this case.
A Novel Adaptive PMD Compensation System Based on PSO Algorithm

An adaptive PMD compensation system used in WDM telecommunication network has been proposed, in which a polarization scrambler was combined with orthogonal polarization splitting detection to achieve multi-channel degree of polarization (DOP) detection. Optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) is obtained from the measurement of Ps and PN, then the monitoring of DOP can be implemented according the relationship of OSNR and DOP. The searching and tracking of DOP is achieved by PSO algorithm. After the D/A conversion, the voltages ranging from 0 to 10 V are performed on the polarization controller to adjust the principle polarization state of signal. Thus, a close-loop feedback control module can be built up, and after several iterations, the optimum of DOP is obtained and the adaptive PMD compensation is achieved. After compensation, the eye opening is improved obviously, which demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the compensation method
Supraspinatus tendon load during abduction is dependent on the size of the critical shoulder angle: A biomechanical analysis

Shoulders with supraspinatus (SSP) tears are associated with significantly larger critical shoulder angles (CSA) compared to disease‐free shoulders. We hypothesized that larger CSAs increase the ratio of joint shear to joint compression forces (defined as “instability ratio”), requiring substantially increased compensatory supraspinatus loads. A shoulder simulator with simulated deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus/teres minor, and subscapularis musculotendinous units was constructed. The model was configured to represent either a normal CSA of 33° or a CSA characteristic of shoulders with rotator cuff tears (38°), and the components of the joint forces were measured. The instability ratio increased for the 38° CSA compared with the control CSA (33°) for a range of motion between 6° to 61° of thoracohumeral abduction with the largest differences in instability observed between 33° and 37° of elevation. In this range, SSP force had to be increased by 13–33% (15–23 N) to stabilize the arm in space. Our results support the concept that a high CSA can induce SSP overload particularly at low degrees of active abduction. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:952–957, 2014.
Sample Selection for Statistical Parsers: Cognitively Driven Algorithms and Evaluation Measures

Creating large amounts of manually annotated training data for statistical parsers imposes heavy cognitive load on the human annotator and is thus costly and error prone. It is hence of high importance to decrease the human efforts involved in creating training data without harming parser performance. For constituency parsers, these efforts are traditionally evaluated using the total number of constituents (TC) measure, assuming uniform cost for each annotated item. In this paper, we introduce novel measures that quantify aspects of the cognitive efforts of the human annotator that are not reflected by the TC measure, and show that they are well established in the psycholinguistic literature. We present a novel parameter based sample selection approach for creating good samples in terms of these measures. We describe methods for global optimisation of lexical parameters of the sample based on a novel optimisation problem, the constrained multiset multicover problem, and for cluster-based sampling according to syntactic parameters. Our methods outperform previously suggested methods in terms of the new measures, while maintaining similar TC performance.
Causes, Consequences and Public Health Implications of Low B-Vitamin Status in Ageing

The potential protective roles of folate and the metabolically related B-vitamins (vitamins B12, B6 and riboflavin) in diseases of ageing are of increasing research interest. The most common cause of folate and riboflavin deficiencies in older people is low dietary intake, whereas low B12 status is primarily associated with food-bound malabsorption, while sub-optimal vitamin B6 status is attributed to increased requirements in ageing. Observational evidence links low status of folate and the related B-vitamins (and/or elevated concentrations of homocysteine) with a higher risk of degenerative diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD), cognitive dysfunction and osteoporosis. Deficient or low status of these B-vitamins alone or in combination with genetic polymorphisms, including the common MTHFR 677 C → T polymorphism, could contribute to greater disease risk in ageing by causing perturbations in one carbon metabolism. Moreover, interventions with the relevant B-vitamins to optimise status may have beneficial effects in preventing degenerative diseases. The precise mechanisms are unknown but many have been proposed involving the role of folate and the related B-vitamins as co-factors for one-carbon transfer reactions, which are fundamental for DNA and RNA biosynthesis and the maintenance of methylation reactions. This review will examine the evidence linking folate and related B-vitamins with health and disease in ageing, associated mechanisms and public health implications.
Is creative work sustainable? Understanding identity, motivation, and worth

The purpose of this article is to explore the “value” of creative workers’ work from their perspective. The work of this group is often ephemeral and intangible, contributes to the development of society, and is often very poorly remunerated. Qualitative responses from a large survey of creative workers’ work experience and attitudes have provided the material analyzed for this paper. The data were analyzed using a naturalistic coding process leading to the emergence of themes describing the data. Five “elements of worth” emerged which included identity representation, motivation, catalysts of creativity, interactions with society, and recognition. Knowing how creative workers experience these five elements provides educators and local/national policy makers data on which to base their pedagogical and financial judgments. To date, there has been no other study that examines how creative workers perceive the value of their work and how that notion of value is derived from their lived experience.
Evaluation Protocol and Tools for Question-Answering on Speech Transcripts

Question Answering (QA) technology aims at providing relevant answers to natural language questions. Most Question Answering research has focused on mining document collections containing written texts to answer written questions. In addition to written sources, a large (and growing) amount of potentially interesting information appears in spoken documents, such as broadcast news, speeches, seminars, meetings or telephone conversations. The QAST track (Question-Answering on Speech Transcripts) was introduced in CLEF to investigate the problem of question answering in such audio documents. This paper describes in detail the evaluation protocol and tools designed and developed for the CLEF-QAST evaluation campaigns that have taken place between 2007 and 2009. We first remind the data, question sets, and submission procedures that were produced or set up during these three campaigns. As for the evaluation procedure, the interface that was developed to ease the assessors work is described. In addition, this paper introduces a methodology for a semi-automatic evaluation of QAST systems based on time slot comparisons. Finally, the QAST Evaluation Package 2007-2009 resulting from these evaluation campaigns is also introduced.
Who holds physicians accountable?

The issue of who holds physicians accountable to a high standard of practice throughout their careers is one which has long troubled licensing authorities, various organizations related to the medical profession, hospital and clinic directors, as well as third-party payers (1). This concern is, in part, occasioned by the fact that the process by which an initial license to practice Medicine and Surgery is granted is so heavily focused on what has been, until recently, an exclusively multiple choice examination (2). Significantly more concerning than the reservations related to the initial licensure process is the absence of any rigorous formal and transparent system to assess the continuing competence of physicians as they practice medicine for decades following initial licensure. “Re-licensure” (the process by which physicians renew their license to practice) in most states and jurisdictions consists primarily of a low stakes process by which an individual physician reports his or her activities regarding so-called “continuing medical education” and maintains a record free of violations of various legislative and professional statutes and guidelines (3). The issuance of a new license in a new state or other licensing jurisdiction occasioned by the geographical move of a physician is hardly more rigorous. Usually, credentials from the previous licensing process along with documentation of the same continuing medical education activities and a background check are sufficient. In rare instances, a high stakes examination is administered, but this is the exception rather than the rule and is required when initial licensure occurred more than 10 years in the past or the individual has been out of practice for an extended period of time (3).
Functional and neuroanatomical effects of vaginal distention and pudendal nerve crush in the female rat.

PURPOSE We tested the hypothesis that neuroanatomical degeneration near the external urethral sphincter (EUS) would parallel urinary dysfunction after vaginal distention or bilateral pudendal nerve crush in female rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 28 female rats underwent bilateral pudendal nerve crush or vaginal distention, or were unoperated controls. Two days later a catheter was implanted into the bladder dome and 2 days after that (4 days after injury) urethral leak point pressure testing was performed with the rat under urethane anesthesia. The pudendal nerve and urethra were then dissected and prepared for light and electron microscopy. RESULTS Leak point pressure was significantly decreased 4 days after pudendal nerve crush and vaginal distention (29.3 +/- 3.4 and 31.0 +/- 2.5 cm H(2)O, respectively) compared with controls (44.3 +/- 3.4 cm H(2)O). The percentage of nerve fascicles with degeneration near the EUS was significantly greater in the nerve crush (13.1% +/- 1.7%) and vaginal distention (7.2% +/- 2.2%) groups than in the control group (0% +/- 0%). There were fewer nerve fascicles near the EUS in the ventral half of the urethral cross section than in the dorsal half in all 3 groups and the percent of fascicles with degeneration was greater in the ventral half than in the dorsal half in the 2 injury groups. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the pudendal nerve is particularly vulnerable to injury during vaginal distention in this animal model. The 2 injury models may be useful for investigating the pathophysiology of stress urinary incontinence.
Gesture highlights perceptually present information for speakers

Why do speakers produce gestures? This study tests the hypothesis that gesture facilitates the conceptual planning of speaking, and in particular, gesture promotes thinking about perceptually present information. This view implies that, when gesture is prohibited, people should be less likely to speak about such information. We tested this prediction among children (N = 50) who solved and explained Piagetian conservation tasks. For one set of conservation tasks, all children were allowed to gesture. For a second set of tasks, some children were prohibited from gesturing by wearing a cloth muff. When children were prohibited from gesturing, they expressed more non-present information and less perceptually present information in their explanations than when allowed to gesture. Thus, gesture production appears to highlight or lend salience to perceptually present information. We argue that gesture helps speakers decide what to attend to and therefore what to say.
Non-interactive Secure and Privacy Preserving Protocol for Inter-vehicle Communication Networks

In this paper, we introduce a non-interactive secure protocol preserving privacy of the drivers for Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC) networks. To protect the privacy among drivers, we propose to arrange vehicles into several groups. Vehicles in a group share the same public key, but each member can change his own set of public keys frequently, so the receiving vehicle cannot identify an individual driver in the group. In addition, each member has a private key provided by the Third Trusted Party (TTP) to enable the TTP, who is assumed to be fully trusted, to trace the driver who sends malicious information. Then, the TTP computes a fixed token of all members in the same group, but only participants in IVC networks can convince the receiving vehicle that the token is corresponding to their changed public keys set. So, we can achieve authentication.
Comparison between NRT-based MAPs and behaviourally measured MAPs at different stimulation rates – a multicentre investigation

Abstract Seventeen adult subjects participated in a multicentre trial to compare the performance between an NRT-based MAP and their behavioural MAP. The NRT-based MAP was made using a correction factor to predict T/C levels, calculated from the difference between the ECAP threshold ('T-NRT') and the measured T/C levels at electrode 10, as described by Brown et al. (2000). A secondary aim was to compare T/C levels in behavioural MAPs at different stimulation rates with the predicted T/C levels in NRT-based MAPs. Performance with both MAPs was evaluated using CNC words and sentences. Variations in the T/C levels between all MAPs were found, although results of the speech discrimination tests demonstrated no statistically significant difference between behavioural and NRT-based MAPs.
Healthy Conflict Management

Conflicts are a natural part of human interaction. Whenever two or more people are in the same environment for a long enough period of time, it is inevitable that conflict will occur. However, the conflict itself is not the problem, but rather how they choose to react and deal with the conflict that can sometimes cause problems. Conflict can be destructive when it leads to stress, anxiety, loss of self-esteem, and damaged relationships, but it can be constructive when it leads to better decisions, innovative win-win solutions, and personal and relationship growth.
Complete Genome Sequence of Biocontroller Bacillus velezensis Strain JTYP2, Isolated from Leaves of Echeveria laui

ABSTRACT Bacillus velezensis JTYP2 was isolated from the leaves of Echeveria laui in Qingzhou, China, and may control some of the fungal pathogens of the plant. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of B. velezensis JTYP2. Several gene clusters related to its biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds were predicted.
Effects of diabetes on female voiding behavior.

PURPOSE We studied voiding behavior in women with type 2 diabetes vs nondiabetic female controls and examined factors associated with voiding dysfunction in patients with diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS After eliminating coexisting medical factors that could affect voiding function we evaluated voiding behaviors in 194 female patients with diabetes treated regularly at a diabetic clinic and 162 control women using a lower urinary tract symptom questionnaire based mainly on the American Urological Association Symptom Index questionnaire and free flow analyses with post-void residual urine estimates. Emptying efficiency was defined as 100% x volume voided/(volume voided + post-void residual urine). RESULTS Compared with controls patients with diabetes had significantly higher nocturia scores (p = 0.003), weaker urinary streams (p = 0.02), less voided volumes (220 +/- 97 vs 280 +/- 104 ml, p = 0.04) and lower maximal flow rates (19.4 +/- 8.4 vs 25.9 +/- 8.5 ml per second, p <0.001). Remarkable residual urine (100 ml or greater) was detected in 1.8% of controls vs 13.9% of patients. After controlling for age and voided volume diabetes was significantly associated with a decrease in baseline maximum flow of 4.5 ml per second (95% CI 2.9 to 6.2). In patients with diabetes peripheral neuropathy was an independent factor associated with the decrease in emptying efficiency (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Diabetes significantly altered voiding patterns in a significant proportion of women treated at the diabetic clinic. Peripheral neuropathy is an important factor associated with diabetic voiding dysfunction.
DC-SIGN Mediates Cell-Free Infection and Transmission of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 by Dendritic Cells

ABSTRACT Despite the susceptibility of dendritic cells (DCs) to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection and the defined role of these cells in disease pathogenesis, the mechanisms of viral binding to DCs have not been fully delineated. Recently, a glucose transporter, GLUT-1, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), and neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) were demonstrated to facilitate HTLV-1 entry into T cells. DCs express their own array of antigen receptors, the most important being the DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 (ICAM-3)-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) with respect to retrovirus binding. Consequently, the role of DC-SIGN and other HTLV-1 attachment factors was analyzed in viral binding, transmission, and productive infection using monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs), blood myeloid DCs, and B-cell lines expressing DC-SIGN. The relative expression of DC-SIGN, GLUT-1, HSPGs, and NRP-1 first was examined on both DCs and B-cell lines. Although the inhibition of these molecules reduced viral binding, HTLV-1 transmission from DCs to T cells was mediated primarily by DC-SIGN. DC-SIGN also was shown to play a role in the infection of MDDCs as well as model B-cell lines. The HTLV-1 infection of MDDCs also was achieved in blood myeloid DCs following the enhancement of virus-induced interleukin-4 production and subsequent DC-SIGN expression in this cell population. This study represents the first comprehensive analysis of potential HTLV-1 receptors on DCs and strongly suggests that DC-SIGN plays a critical role in HTLV-1 binding, transmission, and infection, thereby providing an attractive target for the development of antiretroviral therapeutics and microbicides.
ANALISIS TINGKAT PENERIMAAN SISTEM INFORMASI KERUGIAN NEGARA/DAERAH (SIKAD)DI BPK RI

Country/regional loss information system (is called SIKAD) is an instrument to obtain information on monitoring of the settlement of country/regional financial loss, and report about those cases fastly and effectively in BPK RI. During the deployment, 33% of the total of departement used SIKAD optimally, and 54% of data could be inputed to SIKAD from the total of state/region financial loss cases. This study aims to evaluate user acceptance of SIKAD in BPK RI. User in this study was inputer, a person who have duty to input the data of of country/regional financial loss. This study used Wixom and Todd model by adding social influence dan IT acceptance variable. Testing was conducted with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by using SmartPLS. Testing was started from validity dan reliability test, then hypothesis test in comparing t-statistic and t-tabel value at significant level 90%. The result showed that 8 (eight) hypothesis were accepted and had positive affect between variables, and 2 (two) hypothesis showed there were not positive affect between variables. Perceived of usefulness did not affect attitude toward using, and attitude toward using did not affect IT acceptance. Rejection of the hypothesis because the respondents think SIKAD could not facilitate their work and improve the effectiveness of their work. Recommendations that could be considered for the future among others provides easiness to inputer in performing taks and work, and IT Departement and Ditama Binbangkum efforts synchronization data source. Keyword - Country/regional loss information system, Wixom dan Todd Model, Social Influence, IT Acceptance, SEM.
The Differential Effect of Basic Mathematics Skills Homework via a Web-Based Intelligent Tutoring System across Achievement Subgroups and Mathematics Domains: A Randomized Field Experiment.

This article examines an educational experiment with a unique combination of 3 elements: homework, the use of information and communication technology and a large degree of freedom of choice (student autonomy). More particularly, we study the effectiveness of a web-based intelligent tutoring system (ITS) that a school offers to its students as optional homework, in a sample of 355 first-year secondary students, using an experimental design. The results show that whether students make this noncompulsory homework in the web-based ITS is dependent on their prior achievement and their teacher, and if they practice, they tend to choose easier modules. Students thus do not seem to optimize learning gains, but rather balance their perceived value of practicing and their "expectancy," as found previously for regular (compulsory, non-ITS) homework. Regarding the value of choice, findings suggest that students may be poor judges of their most beneficial exercises pattern. Differentiation in ITS does not guarantee learning, unless scaffolding is tightly linked to it. In line with previous research, this research shows that practice does matter, though at varying intensities. Yet it also clarifies that motivation to make an effort is required, which adds to the lessons learned from homework research; both the perceived value and expectancy are at play and can be enhanced, for example, by teachers.