Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotional Intelligence: The Most Potent Factor of Job Performance Among Executives

Nowadays, we observe that some organizations are successful and others are not. One of the reasons can be related to the ability of the organization‘s executives. The important factor which has a significant role in the success of an executive is emotion. Emotions are an important part of any person‘s life which seriously affects all aspects of life. Each emotion has a motivating characteristic, a personal meaning, and an expression reflected in behaviors (Cecen, 2006). The term emotion encompasses an item, which is Emotional Intelligence (EI). Emotional Intelligence (EI) is often measured as an Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EQ), the term (EQ) was coined by (Bar-On, 1988) and can be traced to early studies in the 1920s (Bar-On & Parker, 2000). The concept of ‘social intelligence’ was introduced by (Thorndike, 1920), who defined it, as the ability to understand and manage people to act wisely in human relations. The concept of EI grew out of this particular definition, which influenced how EI was understood and conceptualized. In the early 1980s, scholars began to systematically conceptualize the idea of EI. Notably, (Gardner, 1983), a psychologist at Harvard University, initiated the theory of multiple intelligences and proposed that intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligence are as important as the type of intelligence typically measured by Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and related tests and after that (Salovey & Mayer, 1990) introduced the term EI and defined it as the ability to deal with emotions. Then the concept of EI was made popular by (Goleman, 1995) with his famous book Emotional Intelligence: Why It can matter More Than IQ. Daniel Goleman explains that IQ is considered to account for approximately 20% of the factors that determine life success, and he argues that EI can account for the remaining factors. The importance of emotional intelligence is emphasized because human relations in organizations are affected by emotional factors more than by rational factors (Jung & Yoon, In Press). There are many definition of EI; (Salovey & Mayer, 1990) defined emotional intelligence as "the subset of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions". Salovey & Mayer (1997), revised the definition to complement it. They defined emotional intelligence as "the ability to perceive accurately, appraise, and express emotion; the ability to access and/or generate feelings when they facilitate thought; the ability to understand emotion and emotional knowledge; and the ability to regulate emotions to promote emotional and intellectual growth". Martinez (1997), refers to emotional
Spatio-temporal Dynamics of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in South America

Although foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) incidence has decreased in South America over the last years, the pathogen still circulates in the region and the risk of re-emergence in previously FMDV-free areas is a veterinary public health concern. In this paper we merge environmental, epidemiological and genetic data to reconstruct spatiotemporal patterns and determinants of FMDV serotypes A and O dispersal in South America. Our dating analysis suggests that serotype A emerged in South America around 1930, while serotype O emerged around 1990. The rate of evolution for serotype A was significantly higher compared to serotype O. Phylogeographic inference identified two well-connected sub networks of viral flow, one including Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador; another including Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina. The spread of serotype A was best described by geographic distances, while trade of live cattle was the predictor that best explained serotype O spread. Our findings show that the two serotypes have different underlying evolutionary and spatial dynamics and may pose different threats to control programmes. Key-words: Phylogeography, foot-and-mouth disease virus, South America, animal trade.
Comprehensive tobacco marketing restrictions: promotion, packaging, price and place

Evidence of the causal role of marketing in the tobacco epidemic and the advent of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control have inspired more than half the countries in the world to ban some forms of tobacco marketing. This paper briefly describes the ways in which cigarette marketing is restricted and the tobacco industry's efforts to subvert restrictions. It reviews what is known about the impact of marketing regulations on smoking by adults and adolescents. It also addresses what little is known about the impact of marketing bans in relation to concurrent population-level interventions, such as price controls, anti-tobacco media campaigns and smoke-free laws. Point of sale is the least regulated channel and research is needed to address the immediate and long-term consequences of policies to ban retail advertising and pack displays. Comprehensive marketing restrictions require a global ban on all forms of promotion, elimination of packaging and price as marketing tools, and limitations on the quantity, type and location of tobacco retailers.
A Theory of Plenoptic Multiplexing-Supplemental Material

In this document we would like to give additional information and detailed derivations that have been omitted in the paper due to space restrictions. It is structured as follows: Section 1 contains proofs of the PSM and PFM theorems. Section 2 discusses the applicability of our theory to optical systems with refractive elements behind the main lens and shows additional results, in particular, reconstruction with non-linear spatial filters. Section 3 shows additional results for noise analysis in the case of different ratios between signal-dependent and signalindpendent noise.
Urdu Spell Checking: Reverse Edit Distance Approach

Spelling of words of a language are standardized by language authorities or consortiums and available in dictionaries or lexicons. For instance, “produkt” does not belong to English dictionary. Similarly “نايمرد “ is a correctly spelled word, while “رنايمرد “ is a non-word in Urdu. Electronic representation of text is commonly used in today’s computing environment. The rich resourced languages like English have many applications with added tools. On the other hand, application development is in its infancy for less resourced language like Urdu. Spelling plays a vital role while humans write text electronically in computers. It is oblivious that terabytes of text is added in form of corpus or otherwise that is required to be spell checked, which is practically impossible to be done manually. In this work, various techniques for spellchecking have been studied and analyzed. All of them separately or a combination thereof can be used for the process of spell checking. Edit Distance technique has been widely used in spell checkers of various language, and a variation of this technique i.e. Reverse Edit Distance technique selected for suggesting correct words for nonwords. For Urdu, candidates are found by making 86n+41 comparisons for an ’n character’ length Urdu word.
Trust Models and Con-Man Agents: From Mathematical to Empirical Analysis

Recent work has demonstrated that several trust and reputation models can be exploited by malicious agents with cyclical behaviour. In each cycle, the malicious agent with cyclical behaviour first regains a high trust value after a number of cooperations and then abuses its gained trust by engaging in a bad transaction. Using a game theoretic formulation, Salehi-Abari and White have proposed the AER model that is resistant to exploitation by cyclical behaviour. Their simulation results imply that FIRE, Regret, and a model due to Yu and Singh, can always be exploited with an appropriate value for the period of cyclical behaviour. Furthermore, their results demonstrate that this is not so for the proposed adaptive scheme. This paper provides a mathematical analysis of the properties of five trust models when faced with cyclical behaviour of malicious agents. Three main results are proven. First, malicious agents can always select a cycle period that allows them to exploit the four models of FIRE, Regret, Probabilistic models, and Yu and Singh indefinitely. Second, malicious agents cannot select a single, finite cycle period that allows them to exploit the AER model forever. Finally, the number of cooperations required to achieve a given trust value increases monotonically with each cycle. In addition to the mathematical analysis, this paper empirically shows how malicious agents can use the theorems proven in this paper to mount efficient attacks on trust models.
Regularizing neural networks with adaptive local drop

Neural network (NN) models have shown good performance on many image recognition benchmarks. Given large image datasets, these models typically have millions or billions of parameters that can easily lead to over-fitting without regularization. Dropout and DropConnect show their effectiveness of regularizing large fully connected layers within neural networks. In Dropout, each neural activation within the network is randomly set to zero with a probability during training. In DropConnect, a generalization of Dropout, each connection weight within the network is randomly set to zero with a probability instead. Both of the probabilities in Dropout and DropConnect are universal predefined constants. We propose Adaptive Local Drop (ALDrop), a novel regularization method that sets each connection weight within the network with a learned probability adaptive to the input image dataset using a locality-based measure. Experiments on several image recognition benchmarks show that our model outperforms Dropout and DropConnect.
Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida en población ecuatoriana adulta

Objetivo. Analizar las propiedades psicometricas de la Escala de Satisfaccion con la Vida (SWLS, por sus siglas en ingles) en poblacion ecuatoriana adulta. Metodo. Se realizo un analisis factorial confirmatorio en el que participaron 756 ecuatorianos adultos. Resultados. Al igual que en la escala original, el analisis de esta investigacion mostro un alto ajuste en el modelo con un solo factor. Si bien los hombres presentaron mayores niveles de satisfaccion con la vida que las mujeres, el analisis de invarianza evidencio que la estructura factorial de la escala es equivalente en ambos sexos, lo que permite su comparacion. En el analisis de confiabilidad, la SWLS presento adecuada consistencia interna (α = 0.81). Conclusion. La SWLS es una herramienta util para el estudio de la satisfaccion con la vida en poblacion adulta ecuatoriana.
Running coupling and mass anomalous dimension of SU(3) gauge theory with two flavors of symmetric-representation fermions

We have measured the running coupling constant of SU(3) gauge theory coupled to N{sub f}=2 flavors of symmetric representation fermions, using the Schroedinger functional scheme. Our lattice action is defined with hypercubic smeared links which, along with the larger lattice sizes, bring us closer to the continuum limit than in our previous study. We observe that the coupling runs more slowly than predicted by asymptotic freedom, but we are unable to observe fixed point behavior before encountering a first order transition to a strong coupling phase. This indicates that the infrared fixed point found with the thin-link action is a lattice artifact. The slow running of the gauge coupling permits an accurate determination of the mass anomalous dimension for this theory, which we observe to be small, {gamma}{sub m} < or approx. 0.6, over the range of couplings we can reach. We also study the bulk and finite-temperature phase transitions in the strong coupling region.
Social jetlag, academic achievement and cognitive performance: Understanding gender/sex differences

Adolescents in high school suffer from circadian misalignment, undersleeping on weekdays and oversleeping on weekends. Since high schools usually impose early schedules, adolescents suffer from permanent social jetlag (SJL) and thus are a suitable population to study the effects of SJL on both academic and cognitive performance. In this study, 796 adolescents aged 12–16 years reported information about their sleep habits, morningness–eveningness (M–E), cognitive abilities and grade point average (GPA). Time in bed on both weekdays and weekends was not related to cognitive abilities, and only time in bed on weekdays was related to academic achievement. SJL was negatively related to academic achievement, cognitive abilities (except for vocabulary and verbal fluency abilities) and general cognitive ability (g), whereas M–E was slightly positively related to academic achievement and marginally negatively related to inductive reasoning. Results separated by sex/gender indicated that SJL may be more detrimental to girls’ performance, as it was negatively related to a greater number of cognitive abilities and GPA.
Handheld devices for mobile augmented reality

In this paper, we report on four generations of display-sensor platforms for handheld augmented reality. The paper is organized as a compendium of requirements that guided the design and construction of each generation of the handheld platforms. The first generation, reported in [17]), was a result of various studies on ergonomics and human factors. Thereafter, each following iteration in the design-production process was guided by experiences and evaluations that resulted in new guidelines for future versions. We describe the evolution of hardware for handheld augmented reality, the requirements and guidelines that motivated its construction.
Flow-Aware Transport of Pseudowires over an MPLS Packet Switched Network

Where the payload of a pseudowire comprises a number of distinct flows, it can be desirable to carry those flows over the Equal Cost Multiple Paths (ECMPs) that exist in the packet switched network. Most forwarding engines are able to generate a hash of the MPLS label stack and use this mechanism to balance MPLS flows over ECMPs. This document describes a method of identifying the flows, or flow groups, within pseudowires such that Label Switching Routers can balance flows at a finer granularity than individual pseudowires. The mechanism uses an additional label in the MPLS label stack. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
On the Finitary Characterization of-Congruences

Some alternative characterizations of late full congruences, either strong or weak, are presented. Those congruences are classically defined by requiring the corresponding ground bisimilarity under all name substitutions. We first improve on those infinitary definitions by showing that congruences can be alternatively characterized in the π-calculus by sticking to a finite number of carefully identified substitutions, and hence, by resorting to only a finite number of ground bisimilarity checks. Then we investigate the same issue in both the ground and the non-ground πξ-calculus, a CCS-like process algebra whose ground version has already been proved to coincide with ground π-calculus. The πξ-calculus perspective allows processes to be explicitly interpreted as functions of their free names. As a result, a couple of alternative characterizations of π-congruences are given, each of them in terms of the bisimilarity of one single pair of πξ-processes. In one case, we exploit λ-closures of processes, so inducing the effective generation of the substitutions necessary to infer non-ground equivalence. In the other case, a more promising call-by-need discipline for the generation of the wanted substitutions is used. This last strategy is also adopted to show a coincidence result with open semantics. By minor changes, all of the above characterizations for late semantics can be suited for congruences of the early family.
Phenomenology and Situated Action

Situated Action, the newest approach to Artificial Intelligence (AI), is in need of a coherent theoretical foundation both to support it and to unify its proponents. To that end, we believe that the work Merleau-Ponty wilt prove invaluable. In the past, Heideggcr's work has been referred to from time to time in Situated Action literature. Hoxvever, we believe that Merleau-Ponty's work is better suited to Situated Action, as it is heavily grounded in both biology and psychology. In addition, Mcrleau-Ponty broke with traditional Phenomenology for many of the sanae reasons that Situated Action researchers have broken xdth traditional AI. As a result, we believe that Merleau-Pontv's work is demonstrably better suited for constructing a theoretical foundation for Situated Action.
Association between Non-Suicidal Self-Injuries and Suicide Attempts in Chinese Adolescents and College Students: A Cross-Section Study

Purpose This study examined the association between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts among Chinese adolescents and college students. Methods A total sample of 2013 Chinese students were randomly selected from five schools in Wuhan, China, including 1101 boys and 912 girls with the age ranging between 10 and 24 years. NSSI, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and depressive symptoms were measured by self-rated questionnaires. Self-reported suicide attempts were regressed on suicidal ideation and NSSI, controlling for participants' depressive symptoms, and demographic characteristics. Results The self-reported prevalence rates of NSSI, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts were 15.5%, 8.8%, and 3.5%, respectively. Logistic regression analyses indicated that NSSI was significantly associated with self-reported suicide attempts. Analyses examining the conditional association of NSSI and suicidal ideation with self-reported suicide attempts revealed that NSSI was significantly associated with greater risk of suicide attempts in those not reporting suicidal ideation than those reporting suicidal ideation in the past year. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of NSSI as a potentially independent risk factor for suicide attempts among Chinese/Han adolescents and college students.
The Coverage Problem in Video-Based Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

Wireless sensor networks typically consist of a great number of tiny low-cost electronic devices with limited sensing and computing capabilities which cooperatively communicate to collect some kind of information from an area of interest. When wireless nodes of such networks are equipped with a low-power camera, visual data can be retrieved, facilitating a new set of novel applications. The nature of video-based wireless sensor networks demands new algorithms and solutions, since traditional wireless sensor networks approaches are not feasible or even efficient for that specialized communication scenario. The coverage problem is a crucial issue of wireless sensor networks, requiring specific solutions when video-based sensors are employed. In this paper, it is surveyed the state of the art of this particular issue, regarding strategies, algorithms and general computational solutions. Open research areas are also discussed, envisaging promising investigation considering coverage in video-based wireless sensor networks.
Lustre : A Scalable , High-Performance File System Cluster

Today's network-oriented computing environments require high-performance, network-aware file systems that can satisfy both the data storage requirements of individual systems and the data sharing requirements of workgroups and clusters of cooperative systems. The Lustre File System, an open source, high-performance file system from Cluster File Systems, Inc., is a distributed file system that eliminates the performance, availability, and scalability problems that are present in many traditional distributed file systems. Lustre is a highly modular next generation storage architecture that combines established, open standards, the Linux operating system, and innovative protocols into a reliable, network-neutral data storage and retrieval solution. Lustre provides high I/O throughput in clusters and shared-data environments and also provides independence from the location of data on the physical storage, protection from single points of failure, and fast recovery from cluster reconfiguration and server or network outages.
One Cost-Effective High-Resolution Multispectral Imaging System for Quick-Response to Time-Critical Applications

Low-cost high-solution multispectral imagery is attractive to various users. This paper presents our ongoing research on developing Unmanned Airship on Board High-resolution multispectral Imaging System for quick-response to time-critical applications. First, the core component of Multispectral Imaging system is described. After that, automatic registration of collected multispectral imageries is discussed. Based on Least Square technique and classic homography principle, multi-homography model is developed to undo the motions deduced in multispectral imageries. To obtain reliable control points for the estimation of motion parameters, one FFT-induced Multispectral Imagery Matching approach is proposed as well. Next, flight experiments are implemented to collect multispectral imageries with different spatial resolution as well as imageries are registered with developed technique. Finally, conclusions and future work are conducted. Imagery usage in investigating, estimating and monitoring Miyun reservoir environment is also mentioned.
Community‐based adaptation research in the Canadian Arctic

Community‐based adaptation (CBA) has emerged over the last decade as an approach to empowering communities to plan for and cope with the impacts of climate change. While such approaches have been widely advocated, few have critically examined the tensions and challenges that CBA brings. Responding to this gap, this article critically examines the use of CBA approaches with Inuit communities in Canada. We suggest that CBA holds significant promise to make adaptation research more democratic and responsive to local needs, providing a basis for developing locally appropriate adaptations based on local/indigenous and Western knowledge. Yet, we argue that CBA is not a panacea, and its common portrayal as such obscures its limitations, nuances, and challenges. Indeed, if uncritically adopted, CBA can potentially lead to maladaptation, may be inappropriate in some instances, can legitimize outside intervention and control, and may further marginalize communities. We identify responsibilities for researchers engaging in CBA work to manage these challenges, emphasizing the centrality of how knowledge is generated, the need for project flexibility and openness to change, and the importance of ensuring partnerships between researchers and communities are transparent. Researchers also need to be realistic about what CBA can achieve, and should not assume that research has a positive role to play in community adaptation just because it utilizes participatory approaches. WIREs Clim Change 2016, 7:175–191. doi: 10.1002/wcc.376
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) for Printed Devnagari Script Using Artificial Neural Network

- There are about 300 million people in India who speak Hindi and write Devnagari script. Research in Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is popular for its application potential in banks, post offices, defense organizations and library automation etc. However most of the OCR systems are available for European texts. In this paper, we have proposed a technique for OCR System for different five fonts and sizes of printed Devnagari script using Artificial Neural Network. The recognition rate of the proposed OCR system with the image document of Devnagari Script has been found to be excellent.