Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Haptic Feedback Device Using 3D-Printed Flexible, Multilayered Piezoelectric Coating for In-Car Touchscreen Interface

This study focuses on the development of a piezoelectric device capable of generating feedback vibrations to the user who manipulates it. The objective here is to explore the possibility of developing a haptic system that can replace physical buttons on the tactile screen of in-car systems. The interaction between the user and the developed device allows completing the feedback loop, where the user’s action generates an input signal that is translated and outputted by the device, and then detected and interpreted by the user’s haptic sensors and brain. An FEM (finite element model) via ANSYS multiphysics software was implemented to optimize the haptic performance of the wafer structure consisting of a BaTiO3 multilayered piezocomposite coated on a PET transparent flexible substrate. Several parameters relating to the geometric and mechanical properties of the wafer, together with those of the electrodes, are demonstrated to have significant impact on the actuation ability of the haptic device. To achieve the desired vibration effect on the human skin, the haptic system must be able to drive displacement beyond the detection threshold (~2 µm) at a frequency range of 100–700 Hz. The most optimized actuation ability is obtained when the ratio of the dimension (radius and thickness) between the piezoelectric coating and the substrate layer is equal to ~0.6. Regarding the simulation results, it is revealed that the presence of the conductive electrodes provokes a decrease in the displacement by approximately 25–30%, as the wafer structure becomes stiffer. To ensure the minimum displacement generated by the haptic device above 2 µm, the piezoelectric coating is screen-printed by two stacked layers, electrically connected in parallel. This architecture is expected to boost the displacement amplitude under the same electric field (denoted E) subjected to the single-layered coating. Accordingly, multilayered design seems to be a good alternative to enhance the haptic performance while keeping moderate values of E so as to prevent any undesired electrical breakdown of the coating. Practical characterizations confirmed that E=20 V/μm is sufficient to generate feedback vibrations (under a maximum input load of 5 N) perceived by the fingertip. This result confirms the reliability of the proposed haptic device, despite discrepancies between the predicted theory and the real measurements. Lastly, a demonstrator comprising piezoelectric buttons together with electronic command and conditioning circuits are successfully developed, offering an efficient way to create multiple sensations for the user. On the basis of empirical data acquired from several trials conducted on 20 subjects, statistical analyses together with relevant numerical indicators were implemented to better assess the performance of the developed haptic device.
Multistage estimation of the difference of locations of two negative exponential populations under a modified Linex loss function: Real data illustrations from cancer studies and reliability analysis

ABSTRACT We have designed modified two-stage and purely sequential strategies to estimate the difference of location parameters from two independent negative exponential populations having unknown but proportional scale parameters under a modified Linex loss function. This article extends one-sample methodologies of Mukhopadhyay and Bapat (2016, Sequential Analysis). Some preliminary results are established along the lines of Mukhopadhyay and Hamdy (1984, Canadian Journal of Statistics) and Mukhopadhyay and Darmanto (1988, Sequential Analysis). We have resorted to Mukhopadhyay and Duggan (1997, Sankhya, Series A) in developing asymptotic second-order properties for the modified two-stage methodology and to nonlinear renewal theory of Lai and Siegmund (1977, 1979, Annals of Statistics) and Woodroofe (1977, Annals of Statistics) in addressing analogous properties under the purely sequential methodology. Then, we supplement with extensive sets of data analysis via computer simulations validating that both modified two-stage and purely sequential methods perform very well. Both methodologies are also illustrated and implemented using real datasets from cancer studies and reliability analysis.
Role of large eddies in the breakdown of the Reynolds analogy in an idealized mildly unstable atmospheric surface layer

While the breakdown in similarity between turbulent transport of heat and momentum (or Reynolds analogy) is not disputed in the atmospheric surface layer (ASL) under unstably stratified conditions, the causes of this breakdown are still debated. One reason for the breakdown is differences between how coherent structures transport heat and momentum, and their differing responses to increasing instability. Monin—Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST), which hypothesizes that only local length‐scales play a role in ASL turbulent transport, implicitly assumes that large‐scale structures are inactive, despite their large energy content. Widely adopted mixing‐length models also rest on this assumption in the ASL. The difficulty of characterizing low‐wavenumber turbulent motions with field measurements motivates the use of high‐resolution Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS), which is free from subgrid‐scale parametrizations and adhoc assumptions near the boundary. Despite the low Reynolds number and idealized geometry of the DNS, DNS‐estimated MOST functions are consistent with ASL field experiments, as are low‐frequency features of the spectra. Parsimonious spectral models for MO stability correction functions for momentum (φm) and heat (φh) are derived, based on idealized vertical velocity variance and buoyancy variance spectra fit to the corresponding DNS spectra. For φm, a spectral model, based only on local length‐scales, matches DNS and field measurements well. In contrast, for φh, the model is substantially biased unless contributions from larger length‐scales are also included. These results are supported by sensitivity analyses based on field measurements that are independent of the DNS. They show that ASL heat transport is not MO‐similar, even under mild stratification, and in the absence of entrainment, non‐stationarity and canopy effects. It further suggests that the breakdown of the Reynolds analogy is at least partially caused by the influence of large eddies on turbulent heat transport.
Molecular modeling, synthesis, and antiproliferative evaluation of new isoxazole ring linked by Schiff bases and azo bond

Lung cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide, with approximately 1.8 million new cases yearly. Cytotoxic drugs are frequently used in cancer treatment. Even though the medicine enhances patients' quality of life, several drawbacks diminish its efficacy. Drug resistance and many disadvantages associated with chemotherapeutic drug side effects continue to be significant factors limiting the efficiency of cancer treatment. This necessitates developing new effective strategies that target tumors with minimal adverse effects. This research aims to overcome these issues by synthesizing a new series of compounds with an isoxazole ring attached by Schiff bases and azo bonds based on molecular docking with the (Genetic Optimization of Ligand Docking) program and estimating the pharmacokinetic properties with the Swiss ADME. The greatest-fitting compounds were then manufactured and verified by spectral analysis (FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR), in vitro MTT assay for assessment of antiproliferative activities against A549 lung cancer cell lines showed that compounds 5a and 5b had an inhibitory concentration half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) (17.34 and 18.32 μM), respectively, which was significantly lower than the inhibitory concentration of erlotinib (IC50 = 25.06 μM).
Trust-AoI-Aware Codesign of Scheduling and Control for Edge-Enabled IIoT Systems

The harsh industrial environment and the high exposure of wireless communication networks (WCNs) seriously degrade the control performance of edge-enabled Industrial Internet of Things systems. Recently, the codesign of control and scheduling has been studied as a promising method to improve system performance. However, due to the dynamic feature of multiple unreliable factors, the impact of communication randomness on data timeliness, and the difficulty to gather sensing data, it is challenging to jointly design the schedule and control policy to mitigate the adverse effects of WCNs. To address these issues, this article presents a trust-age of information (AoI)-aware codesign scheme (TACS). We first propose a learning-based trust model with the aid of a conditional generative adversarial network to handle the sparse industrial data and a deep-neural-network-based trust online prediction to comprehensively measure the WCNs' reliability. Then, we study the impact of AoI on control performance and design the optimal controller based on the separation principle. Moreover, we derive a trust-AoI-aware scheduling policy at the edge side to dynamically select the optimal data to participate in plant control, which maximizes the control system performance and the trust of WCNs. Simulation results reveal the effectiveness of the TACS in terms of improving the system performance significantly.
Effect of Rayleigh backscattering on the multiwavelength random fiber laser bandwidth

We investigated the effect of Rayleigh backscattering on the bandwidth of a multiwavelength random fiber laser (MWRFL). This MWRFL is based on an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) as the gain medium and a Lyot filter as the wavelength-selective device. A high number and stable lasing line is generated with the assistance of a nonlinear polarization rotation effect induced by highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) and optimized by a polarization controller. Longer single-mode fiber (SMF) produces wider multiwavelength bandwidth as compared to shorter SMF lengths, as 10 km, 3 km, and 0.1 km obtained 6.24 nm, 5.76 nm, and 2.75 nm wavelength bandwidth, respectively. When the SMF is removed from the setup, no Rayleigh backscattering is provided in the cavity, which led to a narrower multiwavelength bandwidth of 2.69 nm. Subsequently, the alteration of EDFA power, half-wave plate (HWP) angle, and quarter-wave plate (QWP) angles affected the degradation of multiwavelength performance. The best output spectrum is achieved at an EDFA power of 18 dBm, a HWP angle of 60°, and a QWP angle of 105°. The laser stability over a period of 120 min was excellent with a peak power deviation of 1.33 dB.
MARS as an alternative approach of Gaussian graphical model for biochemical networks

ABSTRACT The Gaussian graphical model (GGM) is one of the well-known modelling approaches to describe biological networks under the steady-state condition via the precision matrix of data. In literature there are different methods to infer model parameters based on GGM. The neighbourhood selection with the lasso regression and the graphical lasso method are the most common techniques among these alternative estimation methods. But they can be computationally demanding when the system's dimension increases. Here, we suggest a non-parametric statistical approach, called the multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) as an alternative of GGM. To compare the performance of both models, we evaluate the findings of normal and non-normal data via the specificity, precision, F-measures and their computational costs. From the outputs, we see that MARS performs well, resulting in, a plausible alternative approach with respect to GGM in the construction of complex biological systems.
Mycolactone A vs. B: Multiscale Simulations Reveal the Roles of Localization and Association in Isomer-Specific Toxicity

Mycolactone is an exotoxin produced by Mycobacterium ulcerans that causes the neglected tropical skin disease Buruli ulcer. This toxin inhibits the Sec61 translocon in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), preventing the host cell from producing several secretory and transmembrane proteins, resulting in cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects. Interestingly, only one of the two dominant isoforms of mycolactone is cytotoxic. Here, we investigate the origin of this specificity by performing extensive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with enhanced free energy sampling to query the association trends of the two isoforms with both the Sec61 translocon, using two distinct cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) models as references, and the ER membrane, which serves as a toxin reservoir prior to association. Our results suggest that mycolactone B (the cytotoxic isoform) has a stronger association with the ER membrane than mycolactone A due to more favorable interactions with membrane lipids and water molecules. This could increase the reservoir of toxin proximal to the Sec61 translocon. In one model of Sec61 inhibited by mycolactone, we find that isomer B interacts more closely with residues thought to play a key role in signal peptide recognition and, thus, are essential for subsequent protein translocation. In the other model, we find that isomer B interacts more closely with the lumenal and lateral gates of the translocon, the dynamics of which are essential for protein translocation. These interactions induce a more closed conformation, which has been suggested to block signal peptide insertion and subsequent protein translocation. Collectively, these findings suggest that isomer B’s unique cytotoxicity is a consequence of both increased localization to the ER membrane and channel-locking association with the Sec61 translocon, facets that could be targeted in the development of Buruli Ulcer diagnostics and Sec61-targeted therapeutics.
Three year outcomes in infants with a family history of autism and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Abstract Background Most research on early outcomes in infants with a family history (FH) of autism has focussed on categorically defined autism, although some have language and developmental delays. Less is known about outcomes in infants with a FH of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods Infants with and without a FH of autism and/or ADHD, due to a first‐degree relative with either or both conditions, were recruited at 5 or 10 months. Three year outcomes were characterised using latent profile analysis (LPA) across measures of cognitive ability, adaptive functioning and autism, ADHD and anxiety traits (n = 131). We additionally ran an LPA using only autism and ADHD measures, and the broader LPA in an independent cohort (n = 139) and in both cohorts combined (n = 270). Results A Low Developmental Level + High Behavioural Concerns class had elevated autism, ADHD and anxiety scores, low cognitive and adaptive function, and included all but one child with autism. A Low Developmental Level + Typical Behaviour class had average cognitive ability and typical behaviour but low adaptive function. A Typical Developmental Level + Some Behavioural Concerns class had average cognitive and adaptive function but slightly elevated behaviour scores. A High Developmental Level + Typical Behaviour class had above average cognitive ability and typical behaviour. All four LPAs identified classes characterised by combinations of either, or both, Low Development Level and elevated behaviour scores, as well as a typically developing class. No classes had elevated autism or ADHD traits in isolation. Conclusions Some infants with a FH of autism or ADHD have atypical developmental and behavioural outcomes, but do not show strong autism or ADHD traits in isolation. The field needs to recalibrate aims and methods to embrace the broader transdiagnostic pattern of outcomes seen in these infants.
The Roles of Hormone Signals Involved in Rhizosphere Pressure Response Induce Corm Expansion in Sagittaria trifolia

Soil is the base for conventional plant growth. The rhizosphere pressure generated from soil compaction shows a dual effect on plant growth in agricultural production. Compacted soil leads to root growth stagnation and causes bending or thickening, thus affecting the growth of aboveground parts of plants. In arrowhead (Sagittaria trifolia L.), the corms derived from the expanded tips of underground stolons are its storage organ. We found that the formation of corms was significantly delayed under hydroponic conditions without rhizosphere pressure originating from soil/sand. In the initial stage of corm expansion, the anatomic structure of arrowhead corm-forming parts harvested from hydroponics and sand culture was observed, and we found that the corm expansion was derived from cell enlargement and starch accumulation. Comparative transcriptome analysis indicated that the corm expansion was closely related to the change in endogenous hormone levels. Endogenous abscisic acid and salicylic acid concentrations were significantly increased in sand-cultured corms. Higher ethylene and jasmonic acid contents were also detected in all arrowhead samples, demonstrating that these hormones may play potential roles in the rhizosphere pressure response and corm expansion. The expression of genes participating in hormone signaling could explain the rising accumulation of certain hormones. Our current results draw an extensive model to reveal the potential regulation mechanism of arrowhead corm expansion promoted by rhizosphere pressure, which will provide important references for further studying the molecular mechanism of rhizosphere pressure modulating the development of underground storage organs in other plants.
Compact flat band states in optically induced flatland photonic lattices

We realize low-dimensional tight-binding lattices that host flat bands in their dispersion relation and demonstrate the existence of optical compact flat band states. The lattices are resembled by arrays of optical waveguides fabricated by the state-of-the-art spatio-temporal Bessel beam multiplexing optical induction in photorefractive media. We work out the decisive details of the transition from the discrete theory to the real optical system ensuring that the experimental lattices stand up to numerical scrutiny exhibiting well-approximated band structures. Our highly flexible system is a promising candidate for further experimental investigation of theoretically studied disorder effects in flat band lattices.
Recognizing and Curating Photo Albums via Event-Specific Image Importance ( Supplementary Material )

In Figure 1 we show an example of the need to collect the multi-label ML-CUFED dataset with because of albums with ambiguous or multiple event types. The two albums in Figure 1 are both labeled as birthday events in CUFED, but they can also fall into the category of casual family/friends gathering. These two event types are not mutually exclusive. Moreover, intuitively, we would consider the album on the right to be a more typical birthday event, with distinguishable elements such as birthday hats and cakes, while the album on the left is more of a casual family/friends gathering rather than an obvious birthday event. Therefore, collecting the event types and their proportion in one album from more peoples’ views is necessary.
Modeling relationship between mean years of schooling and household expenditure at Central Sulawesi using constrained B-splines (COBS) in quantile regression

Quantile regression illustrates the distribution of conditional variable responses to various quantile desired values. Each quantile characterizes a certain point (center or tail) of a conditional distribution. This analysis is very useful for asymmetric conditional distribution, e.g. solid at the tail of the distribution, the truncated distribution and existence of outliers. One approach nonparametric method of predicting the conditional quantile objective function is Constrained B-Splines (COBS). COBS is a smoothing technique to accommodate the addition of constraints such as monotonicity, convexity and periodicity. In this study, we will change the minimum conditional quantile objective function in COBS into a linear programming problem. Linear programming problem is defined as the problem of minimizing and maximizing a linear function subject to linear constraints. The constraints may be equalities or inequalities. This research will discuss the relationship between education (mean years of schooling).
The Theory of H(b) Spaces

Preface 16. The spaces M(A) and H(A) 17. Hilbert spaces inside H2 18. The structure of H(b) and H(bI ) 19. Geometric representation of H(b) spaces 20. Representation theorems for H(b) and H(bI ) 21. Angular derivatives of H(b) functions 22. Bernstein-type inequalities 23. H(b) spaces generated by a nonextreme symbol b 24. Operators on H(b) spaces with b nonextreme 25. H(b) spaces generated by an extreme symbol b 26. Operators on H(b) spaces with b extreme 27. Inclusion between two H(b) spaces 28. Topics regarding inclusions M(a) â H(bI ) â H(b) 29. Rigid functions and strongly exposed points of H1 30. Nearly invariant subspaces and kernels of Toeplitz operators 31. Geometric properties of sequences of reproducing kernels References Symbols index Index.
Self-consistent optical constants of SiO 2 and Ta 2 O 5 films

Self-consistent optical constants of SiO2 and Ta2O5 films have been obtained for their relevance in optical coatings from the near ultraviolet to the near infrared spectral ranges, where they are transparent and have a high refractive index contrast. Particular attention has been paid to wavelengths close to and shorter than each material cutoff. The far and the extreme ultraviolet ranges are also covered here, where few (SiO2) or almost no optical constant data (Ta2O5) were available for films of these materials. This work is aimed at filling the lack of self-consistent sets of optical constants with data in a very broad spectral range, which can be widely applied in multilayer design for the everyday use of these materials in multilayer coatings. Oxide films were deposited by reactive electron-beam evaporation onto various sorts of substrates at 573 K. Transmittance, reflectance, and ellipsometry measurements were performed for each oxide in spectral intervals jointly covering from the extreme ultraviolet to the near infrared; starting with these measurements along with extrapolations, an iterative and double Kramers-Kronig analysis procedure has been followed to obtain a self-consistent set of optical constants per material. With the final data sets, we have satisfactorily reproduced the experimental measurements. Global data self-consistency was successfully evaluated through sum rules, and local consistency at each photon energy range was also evaluated through a novel sum-rule method which involves window functions.
Bmc Proceedings

Open Access Proceedings The multiplicity problem in linkage analysis of gene expression data – the power of differentiating cis-and transacting regulators Abstract In this report, we focused on the multiplicity issue in Problem 1 of Genetic Analysis Workshop 15. We investigated and compared the performance of the stratified false-discovery rate control method with the traditional aggregated approach, in an application to genome-wide linkage analyses of single-nucleotide polymorphism-to-gene expression data. We showed the importance of utilizing the available map information and demonstrated the power gained by conducting false-discovery rate control separately for cis and trans regulators under three different frameworks: fixed rejection region, fixed false-discovery rate, and fixed number of rejections.