Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Token-Based Cloud Computing Secure Outsourcing of Data and Arbitrary Computations with Lower Latency

Secure outsourcing of computation to an untrusted (cloud) service provider is becoming more and more important. Pure cryptographic solutions based on fully homomorphic and verifiable encryption, recently proposed, are promising but suffer from very high latency. Other proposals perform the whole computation on tamper-proof hardware and usually suffer from the the same problem. Trusted computing (TC) is another promising approach that uses trusted software and hardware components on computing platforms to provide useful mechanisms such as attestation allowing the data owner to verify the integrity of the cloud and its computation. However, on the one hand these solutions require trust in hardware (CPU, trusted computing modules) that are under the physical control of the cloud provider, and on the other hand they still have to face the challenge of run-time attestation. In this paper we focus on applications where the latency of the computation should be minimized, i.e., the time from submitting the query until receiving the outcome of the computation should be as small as possible. To achieve this we show how to combine a trusted hardware token (e.g., a cryptographic coprocessor or provided by the customer) with Secure Function Evaluation (SFE) to compute arbitrary functions on secret (encrypted) data where the computation leaks no information and is verifiable. The token is used in the setup phase only whereas in the time-critical online phase the cloud computes the encrypted function on encrypted data using symmetric encryption primitives only and without any interaction with other entities.
Ripple: a wireless token-passing protocol for multi-hop wireless mesh networks

This work presents a wireless token-passing protocol, named Ripple, for wireless mesh networks (WMNs). In contrast to existing random-access approaches, Ripple uses a decentralized controlled-access approach to protect nodes from unintentional packet collisions and maximize the spatial reuse. The performance of Ripple under an error-free wireless channel was investigated and the accuracy of the analysis was verified by simulation. Simulation results also indicated that Ripple achieved throughput, stability, and QoS enhancement than that of 802.11 DCF under a highly loaded situation
Pediatric Health-Related Quality of Life: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Objectives One of the most referenced theoretical frameworks to measure Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is the Wilson and Cleary framework. With some adaptions this framework has been validated in the adult population, but has not been tested in pediatric populations. Our goal was to empirically investigate it in children. Methods The contributory factors to Health Related Quality of Life that we included were symptom status (presence of chronic disease or hospitalizations), functional status (developmental status), developmental aspects of the individual (social-emotional) behavior, and characteristics of the social environment (socioeconomic status and area of education). Structural equation modeling was used to assess the measurement structure of the model in 214 German children (3–5 years old) participating in a follow-up study that investigates pediatric health outcomes. Results Model fit was χ2 = 5.5; df = 6; p = 0.48; SRMR = 0.01. The variance explained of Health Related Quality of Life was 15%. Health Related Quality of Life was affected by the area education (i.e. where kindergartens were located) and development status. Developmental status was affected by the area of education, socioeconomic status and individual behavior. Symptoms did not affect the model. Conclusions The goodness of fit and the overall variance explained were good. However, the results between children' and adults' tests differed and denote a conceptual gap between adult and children measures. Indeed, there is a lot of variety in pediatric Health Related Quality of Life measures, which represents a lack of a common definition of pediatric Health Related Quality of Life. We recommend that researchers invest time in the development of pediatric Health Related Quality of Life theory and theory based evaluations.
MM-Wave Integration and Combinations

This article summarizes the status of millimeterwave CMOS PAs and presents various circuit design techniques. The article shows that millimeter wave CMOS PAs are still a bottleneck for millimeter wave system integration and more circuit design effort has to be devoted for millimeter wave PAs implementation along with the development of the nanometer CMOS technologies. The article also shows that fully integrated millimeter wave CMOS PAs using combining structures will be very important for next-generation millimeter-wave high-speed wireless communication systems.
Distributed Recovery Units: An Approach for Hybrid and Adaptive Distributed Recovery

Traditionally, distributed recovery schemes have been designed for systems consisting of multiple recovery units. Each recovery unit (RU) resides on a single processor and it can fail and recover as a whole. This report introduces the \distributed recovery unit (DRU)" abstraction as an approach for design of \hybrid" and \adaptive" recovery schemes for distributed systems. The distributed system is viewed as a collection of DRUs, each DRU consisting of one or more RUs. This report presents a new recovery scheme based on the DRU abstraction. The proposed approach combines coordinated checkpointing with independent checkpointing and optimistic message logging to obtain a recovery scheme that can eeectively trade the overhead during failure-free operation with the overhead during recovery.
Simulations of β-hairpin folding confined to spherical pores using distributed computing

We report the thermodynamics and kinetics of an off-lattice Go model β-hairpin from Ig-binding protein confined to an inert spherical pore. Confinement enhances the stability of the hairpin due to the decrease in the entropy of the unfolded state. Compared with their values in the bulk, the rates of hairpin formation increase in the spherical pore. Surprisingly, the dependence of the rates on the pore radius, Rs, is nonmonotonic. The rates reach a maximum at Rs/R\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}{\mathrm{_{g,{\mathit{N}}}^{b}}}\end{equation*}\end{document} ≃ 1.5, where R\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}{\mathrm{_{g,{\mathit{N}}}^{b}}}\end{equation*}\end{document} is the radius of gyration of the folded β-hairpin in the bulk. The denatured state ensemble of the encapsulated β-hairpin is highly structured even at substantially elevated temperatures. Remarkably, a profound effect of confinement is evident even when the β-hairpin occupies less than a 10th of the sphere volume. Our calculations show that the emergence of substantial structure in the denatured state of proteins in inert pores is a consequence of confinement. In contrast, the structure of the bulk denatured state ensemble depends dramatically on the extent of denaturation.
Study of the mechanical behavior of recycled fibers. Applications to papers and paperboards.

Incorporation of recycled fibres in high value paper products can reduce costand environmental loads. Papermaking potential of cellulosic fibres decreaseswith recycling. The phenomenon of fibre hornification during pressing anddrying is normally held responsible for the loss in strength. To study the impactsof recycling on pulp, fibre and paper properties some non conventionalcharacterisation techniques like fibre saturation point, X-rays microtomography,environmental scanning electron microscopic observations, atomic forcemicroscope (PeakForce QNM mode) and inverse size exclusion chromatography(ISEC) were used. In order to achieve good reproducibility of ISEC measurements,a semi-automatic column fabrication pilot system was built. Thetechniques were first validated on refining process before being applied to therecycling process. In this study, it was found that fibre hornification alone cannot fully explain loss in strength during recycling. The loss in strength is muchmore complex and it is required to understand the morphological and ultrastructural changes associated with recycling. Fibre width, cell wall thickness,curl, kink, irregularities decreased during recycling. Fibre became hard andbrittle in dry state. Number of weak points in the fibre wall were increasedinitially and in the later recyclings. The increase in wet breaking length indicatesincreased surface friction and capillary forces with recycling. Decreasein bonded area during first recycle may be caused by the loss of fines and fibreflexibility whereas the increase afterwards may be linked to the lumen collapse.The strength of fibres did not decrease with recycling as shown by zero-spanbreaking lengths therefore the quality of bond may be deteriorated. It wasthought that the partially delaminated P/S1 layers may be responsible for theloss of paper strength. It is suggested since the significant change is associatedwith the pressing and drying of never dried pulp therefore the drying processneeds to be revisited. The delaminated layer should be restored so as to increasethe recyclability of the recovered fibres for high value paper. Influenceof recycled pulp blends on physical properties of paper was also studied. It wasrevealed that small quantity of recycled pulp can be used without significantlyaffecting the mechanical strength properties.
A Comprehensive Survey on Query Expansion Techniques, their Issues and Challenges

In order to improve the retrieval performance, the process of Query expansion is performed on the original user’s query in order to reformulate the user’s query. The basis of these query expansion techniques is to expand the query by adding the terms, which are in close proximity to the original query terms. Various query expansion techniques do not consider the context of the terms present in the user’s query which can result in low precision and recall due to the ambiguity and vagueness of terms present in the query. Through this paper, a comprehensive survey is presented to study the various query expansion techniques proposed in literature by researchers and the various keyholes in the current scenario
e‐Business and Technology Issues for Developing Economies: A Ukraine Case Study

The need to develop a strategy for e‐business applications is an important facet of doing business especially where organizations can provide value‐added services to the customer base. In this paper, we identify key value‐added e‐business applications and focus on success factors that clearly support small enterprise goals. Performance factors are presented that show the impact of e‐business applications on the organization's bottom‐line. The case study in this paper uses a methodology of direct observation, unstructured interviews and document review to gather data for identifying issues in starting a small business using the Internet. The case organization provides services around office and business support, energy consulting, and Web development. The formation of International Business Solutions has been difficult due to the banking system, work culture, and infrastructure of Ukraine. IT issues investigated include telecommunications, energy, hardware, software, and the availability of technical skill sets. e‐Business issues that were found to be important in this study include: (1) difficulty of the user interface, (2) a lack of a planning process for e‐business applications, (3) development and testing concerns, (4) finding the web site and a lack of branding, and (5) the lack of evidence to support a formal budgeting process. We conclude with recommendations for enabling IT success in the Ukraine and focus on the need for a well‐designed Web presence for the case organization.
Word to word alignment strategies

Word alignment is a challenging task aiming at the identification of translational relations between words and multi-word units in parallel corpora. Many alignment strategies are based on links between single words. Different strategies can be used to find the optimal word alignment using such one-to-one word links including relations between multi-word units. In this paper seven algorithms are compared using a word alignment approach based on association clues and an English-Swedish bitext together with a handcrafted reference alignment used for evaluation.
General Constructions of Rational Secret Sharing with Expected Constant-Round Reconstruction

We present a general construction of a rational secret-sharing protocol that converts any rational secret-sharing protocol to a protocol with an expected constant-round reconstruction. Our construction can be applied to protocols for synchronous channels, and preserves a strict Nash equilibrium of the original protocol. Combining with an existing protocol, we obtain the first expected constant-round protocol that achieves a strict Nash equilibrium with the optimal coalition resilience ⌈n2 ⌉ − 1, where n is the number of players. Our construction can be extended to a construction that preserves the immunity to unexpectedly behaving players. Then, for any constantm ≥ 1, we obtain an expected constant-round protocol that achieves a Nash equilibrium with the optimal coalition resilience ⌈n2 ⌉ −m − 1 in the presence of m unexpectedly behaving players. The same protocol also achieves a strict Nash equilibrium with coalition resilience 1. We show that our protocol with immunity achieves the optimal coalition resilience among constant-round protocols with immunity with respect to both Nash and strict Nash equilibria.
Re-entry trajectory optimization for space shuttle using Sine-Cosine Algorithm

The re-entry phase of the reusable launch vehicle (RLV) is a challenging optimal control problem because of its high nonlinearity and numerical sensitivity. In this paper, a recently proposed metaheuristic optimization algorithm, Sine-Cosine Algorithm(SCA) is employed to solve the re-entry trajectory problem for space shuttle vehicle. A cost function which maximizes the cross range along with satisfying certain boundary conditions is selected for the problem. Control inputs are parameterized with defined ranges for the implementation of SCA to solve the optimal control problem. The results demonstrate the optimal trajectory. The results obtained show efficiency and applicability of SCA for solving the trajectory optimal control problem.
Neutralization of vascular endothelial growth factor prevents collagen-induced arthritis and ameliorates established disease in mice.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory joint diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To determine the importance of this cytokine in vivo, the effect of administering VEGF-neutralizing antibodies to mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), which has many immunological and pathological similarities to human RA, has been investigated. Either saline, normal rabbit immunoglobulin or anti-human VEGF121 rabbit polyclonal antibody was administered to mice subcutaneously either before the onset of arthritis or after the establishment of clinical disease. Anti-VEGF antibody administered prior to disease onset significantly delayed the development of arthritis and decreased clinical score and paw thickness as well as histological severity. On the other hand, the frequency of occurrence of disease compared to either the control group administered saline or normal rabbit immunoglobulin was not altered. Anti-VEGF antibody also significantly ameliorated clinical and histological parameters even when administered after disease onset. These results indicate a possible therapeutical potential for anti-VEGF treatment in human arthritis.
The three dimensions of website navigability: Explication and effects

Although the navigability of digital interfaces has been long discussed as a key determinant of media effects of web use, existing scholarship has not yielded a clear conceptual understanding of navigability, nor how to measure perceived navigability as an outcome. The present paper attempts to redress both and proposes that navigability be conceptually examined along three dimensions, namely, logic of structure, clarity of structure, and clarity of target. A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial between‐subjects experiment (N = 128) was conducted to examine distinct contributions of these dimensions to perceptions of a nonprofit website. The results showed significant effects for logic of structure and clarity on perceived navigability, while logic of structure and content domain involvement affected attitudes toward the website.
Effects of systemic and intravitreal TNF-α inhibition in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis.

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of systemic or local TNF-α inhibition with etanercept on experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). METHODS EAU was induced by immunizing B10.RIII mice with IRBPp161-180 or by adoptively transferring uveitogenic splenocytes. Mice received systemic or local treatment with etanercept in the afferent or efferent phase. For systemic treatment, mice were injected intraperitoneally. For local treatment, etanercept was injected intravitreally or subconjunctivally. Control mice received PBS. EAU scores were determined histologically. Splenic cells were assessed for [(3)H]thymidine incorporation. ELISA was performed to measure levels of cytokines produced by splenocytes. Vitreous cavity-associated immune deviation (VCAID) was induced by intravitreally injecting ovalbumin and evaluated by measuring DTH reaction. RESULTS After systemic treatment with etanercept in the afferent phase, EAU disease scores, IRBP-specific cell proliferation, and production of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines were reduced. EAU also improved after intravitreal etanercept treatment in the afferent phase, with unaltered IRBP-specific proliferation, reduced IFN-γ, but increased IL-6 and IL-10 secretion. VCAID induction was impaired after intravitreal etanercept treatment. No amelioration of EAU or reduction in IRBP-specific cell response was found after systemic or intravitreal treatment in the efferent phase or after subconjunctival treatment. After adoptive transfer, etanercept- and PBS-treated recipients showed similar disease severity and antigen-specific proliferation of splenocytes. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that TNF-α participates mainly in the immunopathology in the induction phase of EAU. The mechanism of action underlying EAU improvement may be different for local and systemic etanercept treatment.
Glomerular deposition of homotrimeric type I collagen in the COL1A2 deficient mouse

A novel type I collagen glomerulopathy was identified in COL1A2 deficient mice, which are homozygous null for functional proα2(I) collagen chains and synthesize exclusively homotrimeric type I collagen. The COL1A2 deficient mice accumulate fibrillar type I collagen in their renal mesangium. Under normal physiologic conditions, type I collagen is not present in the renal mesangium. The accumulation of glomerular collagen is pathologic, and occurs as a component of many chronic renal diseases. The aims of this study were to 1) determine the natural progression of the type I collagen glomerulopathy, 2) determine if the pathologic findings correlate with progression of the glomerulopathy, 3) identify the mechanism responsible for glomerular type I collagen deposition in COL1A2 deficient mice, and 4) determine if matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) cleave heterotrimeric and homotrimeric type I collagen similarly. Picrosirius red staining of formalin-fixed kidneys from COL1A2 deficient, heterozygous, and wildtype mice demonstrates that both COL1A2 deficient and, to a lesser degree, heterozygous animals develop glomerular collagen deposition, exhibiting a gene dose effect. Further, the glomerulopathy begins postnatally, within one week of life, following a pattern of glomerular maturation. The glomerulopathy appears
Methane Emission from Ruminants and its Mitigating Measures Using Probiotic– A Review

Methane emitted from ruminants is one of the major greenhouse gases that have a high global warming potential. Methane is produced as a by-product of anaerobic fermentation in thereticulo-rumen of ruminants in a large part, due to the activity of methanogenic archaea. Many strategies were studied, one among is the use of probioticto manipulate the biochemical pathways existing in the rumen to produce less methane. The Saccharomycescerevisiae is the most commonly used direct fed microbial in ruminant production and which is more extensively studied for its effect on rumen methanogenesis. In this process to minimize the methane emission from ruminants through probiotic, the literature pertaining to the study was reviewed and is discussed below
Acute Effects of Aerosolized Iloprost in COPD Related Pulmonary Hypertension - A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial

Background Inhaled iloprost potentially improves hemodynamics and gas exchange in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and secondary pulmonary hypertension (PH). Objectives To evaluate acute effects of aerosolized iloprost in patients with COPD-associated PH. Methods A randomized, double blind, crossover study was conducted in 16 COPD patients with invasively confirmed PH in a single tertiary care center. Each patient received a single dose of 10 µg iloprost (low dose), 20 µg iloprost (high dose) and placebo during distinct study-visits. The primary end-point of the study was exercise capacity as assessed by the six minute walking distance. Results Both iloprost doses failed to improve six-minute walking distance (p = 0.36). Low dose iloprost (estimated difference of the means −1.0%, p = 0.035) as well as high dose iloprost (−2.2%, p<0.001) significantly impaired oxygenation at rest. Peak oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production differed significantly over the three study days (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, accordingly). As compared to placebo, low dose iloprost was associated with reduced peak oxygen consumption (−76 ml/min, p = 0.002), elevated partial pressure of carbon dioxide (0.27 kPa, p = 0.040) and impaired ventilation during exercise (−3.0l/min, p<0.001). Conclusions Improvement of the exercise capacity after iloprost inhalation in patients with COPD-associated mild to moderate PH is very unlikely. Trial Registration Controlled-Trials.com ISRCTN61661881