Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recognition of Facial Expressions of Emotion: The Effects of Anxiety, Depression, and Fear of Negative Evaluation

Anxiety is a debilitating disorder that can cause those suffering from it social dysfunction. This research focuses on how anxiety is associated with recognition of emotion on faces, as that may be a contributing factor to the social woes of those suffering from anxiety, both general and social. However, depression and fear of negative evaluation may also be associated with difficulty in recognizing emotions. In this study, 48 college students were presented with 60 facial expressions of emotion for either 500ms or 2s and asked to identify the emotion that was portrayed by choosing from a list of 6 possible choices: anger, disgust, fear, happiness, neutral, and sadness. Participants then completed measures of depressive and anxious (general and social) symptoms and fear of negative evaluation. Partial correlations were used to analyze the data. It was found that when depression and sex were controlled for, higher fear of negative evaluation and high social anxiety scores were correlated with better accuracy in identifying happy facial expressions. Additionally, higher general anxiety scores were marginally correlated with lower accuracy in identifying facial expressions of disgust. The correlations between general and social anxiety and recognition of expressions of disgust and happiness approached marginal significance or were marginally significant, respectively, when depression, fear of negative evaluation, and sex were controlled
The Challenge of Business Systems and the Challenge to Business Systems

As the title indicates, this article discusses two connected issues that are, however, of different scope and are accordingly discussed separately. Thus, in the first instance this article offers a review and discussion of the business-systems perspective. The discussion concentrates on the challenge to the business-systems perspective from economics. This in turn leads into the opposite challenge, namely, the challenge of the business-systems perspective to economics, which finally leads into a broad consideration of the links and differences between economics and sociology as these relate to the study of organization. This design has been suggested by the following observations. First, business-systems scholars are mostly sociologists and are critical of economics, a critical stance that I shall argue is far from completely warranted. Indeed, the writing of this article was prompted by reading Whitley's (1992a, p. 2) critical remarks on economics; much of the following discussion may be seen as an attempt to argue that there may be room for a fruitful dialogue among economists (including economists of organization and economists of more heterodox stripes) and sociologists (including many organization scholars) with respect to how business systems (and related concepts) should be theorized (Cas
Sedimentary ancient DNA and pollen reveal the composition of plant organic matter in Late Quaternary permafrost sediments of the Buor Khaya Peninsula (north-eastern Siberia)

Abstract. Organic matter deposited in ancient, ice-rich permafrost sediments is vulnerable to climate change and may contribute to the future release of greenhouse gases; it is thus important to get a better characterization of the plant organic matter within such sediments. From a Late Quaternary permafrost sediment core from the Buor Khaya Peninsula, we analysed plant-derived sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) to identify the taxonomic composition of plant organic matter, and undertook palynological analysis to assess the environmental conditions during deposition. Using sedaDNA, we identified 154 taxa and from pollen and non-pollen palynomorphs we identified 83 taxa. In the deposits dated between 54 and 51 kyr BP, sedaDNA records a diverse low-centred polygon plant community including recurring aquatic pond vegetation while from the pollen record we infer terrestrial open-land vegetation with relatively dry environmental conditions at a regional scale. A fluctuating dominance of either terrestrial or swamp and aquatic taxa in both proxies allowed the local hydrological development of the polygon to be traced. In deposits dated between 11.4 and 9.7 kyr BP (13.4–11.1 cal kyr BP), sedaDNA shows a taxonomic turnover to moist shrub tundra and a lower taxonomic richness compared to the older samples. Pollen also records a shrub tundra community, mostly seen as changes in relative proportions of the most dominant taxa, while a decrease in taxonomic richness was less pronounced compared to sedaDNA. Our results show the advantages of using sedaDNA in combination with palynological analyses when macrofossils are rarely preserved. The high resolution of the sedaDNA record provides a detailed picture of the taxonomic composition of plant-derived organic matter throughout the core, and palynological analyses prove valuable by allowing for inferences of regional environmental conditions.
Violence against Women and Sexual Harassment at Work Places-Issues and Policies

This paper deals with the issues related to violence against women and sexual harassment at work places as this has emerged as one of the major noticeable Human Resource Management issues at work place. This paper summarizes the extensive literatures available on this issue in India. The women's participation in the economic sector is crucial for their economic empowerment and sustainability as well as for the development of the economies. However, problems such as sexual harassment and different kinds of violence against women in the workplace discourage them to join the economic sectors and for the continuation of their job tenure. It is increasingly being recognized as a violation of human rights and human dignity, which undermines equality of opportunity and treatment between men and women. As women's participation is growing in employment sectors, the prohibition of sexual harassment is necessary to ensure safe and healthy working environment. The violence against women and sexual harassment at work place causes psychological and physical injuries to the human resources and affects negatively to the organizational effectiveness and productivity of an organization as these leads to higher absenteeism, employee turnover, and lower employees’ morale. Hence, there is a need to look upon this matter sincerely and seriously by the concerned authorities such as policy makers of the organizations and government. Proper mechanisms should be developed to deal with these issues. The goal must be to nullify any kinds of violence against women and sexual harassment at work settings or elsewhere. In addition to that this paper brings down some of the best practices of the corporations to check the violence against women and sexual harassment at workplace.
Extreme mitochondrial evolution in the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi: Insight from mtDNA and the nuclear genome

Recent advances in sequencing technology have led to a rapid accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences, which now represent the wide spectrum of animal diversity. However, one animal phylum—Ctenophora—has, to date, remained completely unsampled. Ctenophores, a small group of marine animals, are of interest due to their unusual biology, controversial phylogenetic position, and devastating impact as invasive species. Using data from the Mnemiopsis leidyi genome sequencing project, we Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplified and analyzed its complete mitochondrial (mt-) genome. At just over 10 kb, the mt-genome of M. leidyi is the smallest animal mtDNA ever reported and is among the most derived. It has lost at least 25 genes, including atp6 and all tRNA genes. We show that atp6 has been relocated to the nuclear genome and has acquired introns and a mitochondrial targeting presequence, while tRNA genes have been genuinely lost, along with nuclear-encoded mt-aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. The mt-genome of M. leidyi also displays extremely high rates of sequence evolution, which likely led to the degeneration of both protein and rRNA genes. In particular, encoded rRNA molecules possess little similarity with their homologs in other organisms and have highly reduced secondary structures. At the same time, nuclear encoded mt-ribosomal proteins have undergone expansions, likely to compensate for the reductions in mt-rRNA. The unusual features identified in M. leidyi mtDNA make this organism an interesting system for the study of various aspects of mitochondrial biology, particularly protein and tRNA import and mt-ribosome structures, and add to its value as an emerging model species. Furthermore, the fast-evolving M. leidyi mtDNA should be a convenient molecular marker for species- and population-level studies.
Correlating programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, mismatch repair deficiency, and outcomes across tumor types: implications for immunotherapy

The identification of biomarkers associated with response to therapeutic agents is central to optimizing patient outcomes. Expression of the immune checkpoint proteins PD-1/L1, and DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) status may be predictive response biomarkers for immunotherapies, but their overlap requires further study. We prospectively conducted PD-L1 and MMR immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 430 consecutive patients with advanced gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, genitourinary (GU) cancers or rare cancers between June 2012 and March 2016. Overall 393/430 (91.4%) patients were evaluable for PD-L1 expression by IHC. The frequency of tumor PD-L1 positivity (PD-L1+) was 16.5% (65/393). Among anatomic tumor sites PD-L1+ was 28.6% in melanoma, 22.2% in GC, 20.9% in CRC, 12.5% in BTC, 7.1% in GU cancer, 6.7% in HCC, 0% in pancreatic cancer and 0% in sarcoma. Among the 394 evaluable for MLH1/MSH2 expression cases, 18 patients (4.5%) had dMMR tumors. The dMMR was most common in GC (7.1%) followed by 6.7% in HCC, 4.4% in CRC, and 2.7% in sarcoma. Of the 365 patients evaluable for both PD-L1 and MLH1/MSH2 expression, there was a significant association between the PD-L1 expression and MLH1/MSH2 loss (P = 0.01), but not with overall survival within tumor types. PD-L1 status and dMMR are overlapping putative response biomarkers in immunoncology. Clinical trials with biomarker enrichment restricted to PD-L1+ or dMMR may be inadequate to capture the subset of patients who may benefit from immune mediated therapies. More robust immunotherapy biomarkers and careful clinical trial design are warranted.
Towards a Green and Secure Architecture for Reconfigurable IoT End-Devices

With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), objects are becoming smaller, smarter and increasingly connected. IoT devices are being deployed in massive numbers, and the success of this new Internet era is heavily dependent upon the trust and security built over billions of heterogeneous devices. However, securing IoT devices can be a quandary, with hardware requirements, energy consumption and cost limitations pulling in opposite directions. This work-in-progress proposes a novel architecture for reconfigurable IoT end-devices, where several constrains, such as the security, performance and power budget must be seriously considered. The proposed architecture intends to go beyond state-of-the-art by focusing on a trade-off between device security and power consumption, in an attempt to find an optimal design point in the energy-security space.
Making multipath TCP friendlier to load balancers and anycast

Multipath TCP is a recent TCP extension that enables the utilization of different paths for a single connection. This provides various benefits including bandwidth aggregation and fast handovers on mobiles. A Multipath TCP connection starts with a single TCP connection called subflow and other subflows are added later to increase bandwidth or support failover. One drawback of Multipath TCP is that it is not currently compatible with stateless load balancers which rely on the five-tuple for their forwarding decision. This hinders the deployment of Multipath TCP. We show that this limitation can be circumvented with a small change to the handling of the initial subflow. Clients use this subflow to discover the load-balanced server and the additional Multipath TCP subflows are terminated at a unique address associated to each physical server. With this small change, Multipath TCP becomes compatible with existing stateless load balancers. Furthermore, we show that the same approach enables anycast Multipath TCP services, a major benefit given the difficulty of deploying anycast TCP services. We implement this modification in the Linux kernel and demonstrate its benefits with several micro benchmarks.
Marginality and Mattering: Urban Latino Male Undergraduates in Higher Education.

This qualitative study of first-generation, low-income urban Latino male college students considers their transition experience and success in various higher education institutions. Schlossberg’s theory of mattering and marginality is used as a lens to explore how these students navigate the college environment and build relationships with campus agents. The findings focus on the students’ motivations to attend college, the importance of the college environment, the impact of mentorship, and feelings of mattering as a result of relationships with campus peers and professional staff. The authors offer implications and program recommendations for student affairs professionals to better support and understand Latino male students at their institutions. Historically, Latino college students have not successfully navigated the postsecondary system (Gandara, 1995; Marquez Kiyama, 2010; Solorzano, Villalpando, & Oseguera, 2005). This has been particularly true of Latino males, who are members of the largest minority group in the United States, yet are one of the most underrepresented groups in postsecondary education (College Board, 2011; Lumina Foundation, 2009; Noguera, Hurtado, & Fergus, 2011; Saenz & Ponjuan, 2009). The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES, 2012, p. xii) reported that only 26% of 18-24-year-old Latino males were enrolled in postsecondary institutions. Fry (2011) reported that Latino college student enrollment increased 24% from 2009 to 2010; however, the students were concentrated in two-year institutions. The common critique of community colleges is a low degree-completion and transfer rate for ethnic and racial minorities and first-generation students (Dougherty & Kienzl, 2006). In 2010, only 11% of 25-34-year-old Latino males earned bachelors’ degrees (NCES, 2012, pg. xiv). Saenz and Ponjuan (2011) found that, between 1977 and 2009, Latino males earned almost 28,000 fewer bachelors’ degrees than their female counterparts.
X-efficiency versus Rent Seeking in Chinese banks: 1997-2006

This study demarcates cost-inefficiency in Chinese banks into X-inefficiency and rent-seeking-inefficiency. A protected banking market not only encourages weak management and X-inefficiency but also public ownership and state directed lending encourages moral hazard and bureaucratic rent seeking. This paper uses bootstrap non-parametric techniques to estimate measures of X-inefficiency and rent-seeking inefficiency for the 4 state owned banks and 10 joint-stock banks over the period 1997-2006. The paper adjusts for the quality of loans by treating NPLs as a negative output. The paper shows that Chinese banks have reduced cost inefficiency and reduced X-inefficiency at a faster rate than rent-seeking inefficiency.
Serum Antibodies to Blood Group A Predict Survival on PROSTVAC-VF

Purpose: There is evidence that therapeutic cancer vaccines can lengthen survival for some patients with cancer, but responses vary widely from one person to another. Methods to predict clinical outcomes will advance the field and provide new insights into critical determinants of in vivo efficacy. Experimental Design: This retrospective study included 141 subjects from phase II trials of PROSTVAC-VF, a poxvirus-based cancer vaccine currently in phase III clinical trials for advanced prostate cancer. A glycan microarray was used to profile prevaccination antiglycan antibody populations in sera as potential biomarkers for PROSTVAC-VF. The screen for predictive biomarkers identified antiglycan antibodies that consistently stratified subjects into groups with different Kaplan–Meier survival estimates. Because of the potential for overfitting, a permutation test was used to estimate the false discovery rate. Results: Prevaccination antibody levels to blood group A trisaccharide (BG-Atri) were found to have a statistically significant correlation with survival. Long-term survival was approximately doubled in subjects with abundant anti-BG-Atri immunoglobulin M (IgM) relative to subjects with little or no preexisting IgM for BG-Atri. This survival correlation was specific to vaccine treatment, as no correlation was observed in control patients immunized with wild-type poxviruses lacking the key tumor antigen, prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Moreover, anti-BG-Atri IgM levels were not correlated with general measures of disease severity, such as PSA levels, Gleason score, or Halabi predicted survival. Conclusion: In addition to reporting a new potentially predictive biomarker for PROSTVAC-VF, this study highlights the use of glycan microarray technology for improving our understanding of vaccine immunology. Clin Cancer Res; 19(5); 1290–9. ©2012 AACR.
Development of functional MRI in locating epileptogenic focus

To locate epileptogenic focus is an essential for surgical therapy of refractory epilepsy. However, there are many shortcomings of each current detecting technique. Blood oxygenation level-dependent functional MRI, as a jumped-up neuroimaging method, has more significant value in application to locating epileptogenic focus, in addition to pre-surgical clinical psychological evaluating. This review pays attention to the functional MRI technique for locating epileptogenic focus, which included the method that lateralize epileptogenic focus by judging dominant hemisphere, the techniques that locate epileptogenic focus with EEG correlated functional MRI and data-driven model functional MRI.
Addiction: Decreased reward sensitivity and increased expectation sensitivity conspire to overwhelm the brain's control circuit

Based on brain imaging findings, we present a model according to which addiction emerges as an imbalance in the information processing and integration among various brain circuits and functions. The dysfunctions reflect (a) decreased sensitivity of reward circuits, (b) enhanced sensitivity of memory circuits to conditioned expectations to drugs and drug cues, stress reactivity, and (c) negative mood, and a weakened control circuit. Although initial experimentation with a drug of abuse is largely a voluntary behavior, continued drug use can eventually impair neuronal circuits in the brain that are involved in free will, turning drug use into an automatic compulsive behavior. The ability of addictive drugs to co‐opt neurotransmitter signals between neurons (including dopamine, glutamate, and GABA) modifies the function of different neuronal circuits, which begin to falter at different stages of an addiction trajectory. Upon exposure to the drug, drug cues or stress this results in unrestrained hyperactivation of the motivation/drive circuit that results in the compulsive drug intake that characterizes addiction.
Prevalence of Marijuana Use Disorders in the United States Between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013.

IMPORTANCE Laws and attitudes toward marijuana in the United States are becoming more permissive but little is known about whether the prevalence rates of marijuana use and marijuana use disorders have changed in the 21st century. OBJECTIVE To present nationally representative information on the past-year prevalence rates of marijuana use, marijuana use disorder, and marijuana use disorder among marijuana users in the US adult general population and whether this has changed between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Face-to-face interviews conducted in surveys of 2 nationally representative samples of US adults: the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (data collected April 2001-April 2002; N = 43,093) and the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (data collected April 2012-June 2013; N = 36,309). Data were analyzed March through May 2015. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Past-year marijuana use and DSM-IV marijuana use disorder (abuse or dependence). RESULTS The past-year prevalence of marijuana use was 4.1% (SE, 0.15) in 2001-2002 and 9.5% (SE, 0.27) in 2012-2013, a significant increase (P < .05). Significant increases were also found across demographic subgroups (sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, income, urban/rural, and region). The past-year prevalence of DSM-IV marijuana use disorder was 1.5% (0.08) in 2001-2002 and 2.9% (SE, 0.13) in 2012-2013 (P < .05). With few exceptions, increases in the prevalence of marijuana use disorder between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013 were also statistically significant (P < .05) across demographic subgroups. However, the prevalence of marijuana use disorder among marijuana users decreased significantly from 2001-2002 (35.6%; SE, 1.37) to 2012-2013 (30.6%; SE, 1.04). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The prevalence of marijuana use more than doubled between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013, and there was a large increase in marijuana use disorders during that time. While not all marijuana users experience problems, nearly 3 of 10 marijuana users manifested a marijuana use disorder in 2012-2013. Because the risk for marijuana use disorder did not increase among users, the increase in prevalence of marijuana use disorder is owing to an increase in prevalence of users in the US adult population. Given changing laws and attitudes toward marijuana, a balanced presentation of the likelihood of adverse consequences of marijuana use to policy makers, professionals, and the public is needed.
L'engagement mécénique des entreprises : mesure de l'une des expressions de leur responsabilité sociétale

This article deals with a re- search in corporate social responsibil- ity. After a literature review on this theme, we expose community in- volvement as a social strategy and a corporate social expression. More- over, we propose the construction of a responsibility measure based on the firm's community involvement. This measure permits to mitigate the prin- cipal inconvenients in other re- searches. Finally, this tool is applied to a sample of 77 French companies.
In vitro antioxidant/prooxidant effects of combined use of flavonoids

Abstract The present study was undertaken to investigate the individual and combined antioxidant or prooxidant effects of genistein, daidzein and quercetin in human erythrocytes and rat microsomes in vitro. Their reducing potential against oxidation of a redox sensitive fluorescent probe, their protective effect against H2O2-induced membrane lipid peroxidation and their inhibitory effect on AAPH-induced hemolysis were evaluated. Genistein and daidzein were prooxidant in erythrocytes but antioxidant in microsomes where their metabolites might have been formed which suggests the importance of metabolic capacity in in vitro models to predict the physiological situation. Quercetin showed antioxidant effects in all models and conditions. Prooxidant effect of ‘genistein–daidzein mixture’, at their concentrations reflecting the real life, was suppressed by addition of quercetin to the mixture. Our study shows that flavonoids can exert prooxidant effects depending on the conditions, but the mixture effect should be considered while assessing their effects and safety in humans.