Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticle Selective Laser Processing for a Flexible Display Fabrication

To demonstrate a first step for a novel fabrication method of a flexible display, nanomaterial based laser processing schemes to demonstrate organic light emitting diode (OLED) pixel transfer and organic field effect transistor (OFET) fabrication on a polymer substrate without using any conventional vacuum or photolithography processes were developed. The unique properties of nanomaterials allow laser induced forward transfer of organic light emitting material at low laser energy while maintaining good fluorescence and also allow high resolution transistor electrode patterning at plastic compatible low temperature. These novel processes enable an environmentally friendly and cost effective process as well as a low temperature manufacturing sequence to realize inexpensive, large area, flexible electronics on polymer substrates.
Visible emission from Er-doped GaN grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy

Visible light emission has been obtained from Er-doped GaN thin films. The GaN was grown by molecular beam epitaxy on sapphire substrates using solid sources (for Ga, Al, and Er) and a plasma gas source for N2. Above GaN band-gap photoexcitation resulted in strong green emission. The emission spectrum consists of two narrow green lines at 537 and 558 nm and a broad peak at light blue wavelengths (480–510 nm). The narrow lines have been identified as Er transitions from the 2H11/2 and 4S3/2 levels to the 4I15/2 ground state. The intensity of the 558 nm emission decreases with increasing temperature, while the intensity of the 537 nm line actually peaks at ∼300 K. This effect is explained based on the thermalization of electrons between the two closely spaced energy levels.
A Survey of Circulating Tumor Cells Segmentation and Classification Algorithms

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are very small cells carried around the body in blood circulation. CTC is the origin for metastases which denotes the tumor cells move from the original location to other organs or parts of the body over blood circulation. The early detection of CTC cells is used for patient risk assessment and to appraise treatment outcomes. Recently, image processing-based solutions have received more achievement in the field of medicine. CTC detection in the micro-scope image requires more effort due to its size and intensity. This work surveys various image processing algorithms used in CTC detection. Also, reviews different machine and deep learning models used in medical image segmentation and classification.
Plasma-Activated Tap Water Production and Its Application in Atomization Disinfection

Plasma-activated tap water (PATW) is a new technology for obtaining a high concentration of active aqueous plasma substances by discharging underwater. Commonly plasma-activated water (PAW) is realized by activating deionized water or distilled water, which has problems such as high cost, a small discharge area, and insufficient dissolution of active substances. This paper reports the development of a dielectric barrier discharge array to generate a high concentration of active aqueous plasma substances. The device can realize a uniform, stable, and large-area discharge in a large volume of tap water, and it has the advantages of low cost, high integration, and reusability. Using the device to treat 1000 mL of tap water for 1 h can reduce the pH of the tap water from 8.10 to 2.54, and the logarithmic value of killing E. coli is greater than 5.0. We sprayed PATW onto clothes to sterilize the bacteria when people were through the disinfection door and verified that the PATW had a good sterilization effect. The short-lived substances, singlet oxygen, and superoxide anion radicals played a key role in the sterilization process by PATW.
The GSC-II catalog release GSC 2.3: description and properties

Abstract The GSC 2.3 is a current catalog release extracted from the Guide Star Catalog II database, which is maintained at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, USA. The catalog contains astrometry, multi-band photometry (BJ, RJ, IN) and star/non-star classification for 945,592,683 objects down to the magnitude limit of the survey plates. We review the performance of stellar parameters, anticipating the improvements in astrometric accuracy foreseen by its recalibration with the newly available catalog in the UCAC series.
Identifying the merits of bottom-up urban development: theory-based evaluation using a value map model

ABSTRACT Comprehensive understanding of the merits of bottom-up urban development is lacking, thus hampering and complicating associated collaborative processes. Therefore, and given the assumed relevancies, we mapped the social, environmental and economic values generated by bottom-up developments in two Dutch urban areas, using theory-based evaluation principles. These evaluations raised insights into the values, beneficiaries and path dependencies between successive values, confirming the assumed effect of placemaking accelerating further spatial developments. It also revealed broader impacts of bottom-up endeavors, such as influences on local policies and innovations in urban development.
EPIDEMIOLOGI KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS: TANTANGAN DAN SOLUSI

Kecelakaan lalu lintas menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian ke-8 di Indonesia dan merupakan penyebab utama kematian pada usia 14– 40 tahun. Secara global, kecelakaan lalu lintas juga menjadi penyebab pertama kematian akibat cedera dengan jumlah terbanyak. Terdapat kenaikan angka kejadian kecelakaan lalu lintas pertahunnya di Indonesia, begitu pula kenaikan jumlah korban meninggal dan luka-luka. Kota Semarang merupakan kota dengan kejadian kecelakaan yang cukup tinggi. Angka kejadian kecelakaan di Kota Semarang meningkat dan jumlah korban terus bertambah, maka diperlukan suatu tindakan untuk mencegah terjadinya hal tersebut. Kajian epidemiologi deskriptif dilakukan guna mendapatkan berbagai informasi yang berkaitan dengan kecelakaan. Faktor kelalaian manusia, kendaraan dan faktor lingkungan dikaji berdasarkan data yang tersedia untuk menemukan faktor-faktor berkontribusi terhadap terjadinya kecelakaan lalu lintas. Kajian epidemiologi analitik juga dilakukan guna mendapatkan hasil analisis mendalam terkait data yang telah ditampilkan kemudian dikaji menggunakan berbagai penelitian serupa yang telah dilakukan di daerah lain. Hasil akhir semua kajian akan didapatkan berbagai tantangan dalam mencegah terjadinya kecelakaan lalu lintas. Berbagai solusi juga ditawarkan sebagai jawaban dari tantangan yang tersedia untuk mencegah kejadian kecelakaan lalu lintas dan mencegah jatuhnya korban lebih banyak.
A compact dual-band dual-linearly polarized waveguide slot array antenna with groove at waveguide bottom

Abstract A dual-band dual-linearly polarized waveguide slot array antenna is proposed in this paper. Two orthogonal slots share a short-circuit wall on broad side. The horizontal and vertical slots, which actualize dual-frequency bands and dual-linear polarization, generate vertically polarized electric fields in 9.39–9.78 GHz and horizontally polarized electric fields in 11.62–12.3 GHz, respectively. The equivalent permittivity of the waveguide is changed by two grooves at the bottom of the waveguide, which improves phase velocity. Two grooves can also reduce the distance between the elements while suppressing the side lobes. Compared to filling the medium in the waveguide, two grooves have less losses. Moreover, the antenna is simple with one input port. The array antenna also overcomes the problems of beam scanning compared with the traditional waveguide slot array antenna. A 1 × 8 antenna array is fabricated and measured to verify the design. The horizontal polarization is formed in 9.39–9.78 GHz, the vertical polarization is generated in 11.62–12.3 GHz, and the antenna gain can reach 15 dBi.
RISK MANAGEMENT OF A COMMERCIAL BANK

The article considers the risks that arise in commercial banks, such as credit and financial ones. The purpose of this article is a detailed study of banking risks and the proposal of measures to minimize and eliminate them. Risk is an indispensable condition of financial activity. In the activities of commercial banks, the problems of credit risks, the state of overdue debts and the level of repayment of loans, the liquidity and solvency of borrowers, the balance of resources and liquidity are exacerbated. For the successful operation of credit institutions, it is important to eliminate risks in time. The relevance of the topic is that risk management should be aimed at minimizing them in order to obtain maximum income. It is also necessary to identify banking risks at the initial stage of their inception and have the knowledge to eliminate them. The article examined the main causes of banking risks in Russia in recent years, as well as highlighted measures to eliminate banking risks. The following methods were used in the research: methods of scientific abstraction; method of analysis and synthesis; graphic method.
Macro–Mesoscale Modeling of the Evolution of the Surface Roughness of the Al Metallization Layer of an IGBT Module during Power Cycling

One of the main failure modes of an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) module is the reconstruction of an aluminum (Al) metallization layer on the surface of the IGBT chip. In this study, experimental observations and numerical simulations were used to investigate the evolution of the surface morphology of this Al metallization layer during power cycling, and both internal and external factors affecting the surface roughness of the layer were analyzed. The results indicate that the microstructure of the Al metallization layer evolves during power cycling, where the initially flat surface gradually becomes uneven, such that the roughness varies significantly across the IGBT chip surface. The surface roughness depends on several factors, including the grain size, grain orientation, temperature, and stress. With regard to the internal factors, reducing the grain size or orientation differences between neighboring grains can effectively decrease the surface roughness. With regard to the external factors, the reasonable design of the process parameters, a reduction in the stress concentration and temperature hotspots, and preventing large local deformation can also reduce the surface roughness.
Modeling of Grid Connected Hybrid System for Non Linear Load

This paper proposes the concept of a hybrid system linked to the grid for a non-linear load. The hybrid system consists of a photovoltaic (PV) system which is modeled with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller and a wind system which is designed with PMSG. This system is incorporated with grid side converter (GSC) and machine side converter (MSC) (i.e., back-to-back converters). To balance the voltage with the non-linear load at the grid side, the parameters are adjusted by a PI controller with DQ transformation technique. Thus, voltage unbalance is mitigated and the obtained simulation results are analyzed in MatLab/Simulink for a power of 2.4 kW hybrid system.
Drift wave driven zonal flows in plasmas

The generation of large-scale zonal flows by small-scale electrostatic drift waves in a plasma is considered. The generation mechanism is based on the parametric excitation of convective cells by finite amplitude drift waves. To describe this process a generalized Hasegawa–Mima equation containing both vector and scalar nonlinearities is used. The drift waves are supposed to have arbitrary wavelengths (as compared with the ion Larmor radius). A set of coupled equations describing the nonlinear interaction of drift waves and zonal flows is deduced. The generation of zonal flows turns out to be due to Reynolds stresses produced by finite amplitude drift waves. It is found that the wave vector of the fastest growing mode is perpendicular to that of the drift pump wave. Explicit expressions for the maximum growth rate as well as for the optimal spatial dimensions of the zonal flows are obtained. A comparison with previous results is carried out. The present theory can be used for interpretations of drift wave.
Zinc Oxide Films Fabricated via Sol-Gel Method and Dip-Coating Technique–Effect of Sol Aging on Optical Properties, Morphology and Photocatalytic Activity

Zinc oxide layers on soda-lime glass substrates were fabricated using the sol-gel method and the dip-coating technique. Zinc acetate dihydrate was applied as the precursor, while diethanolamine as the stabilizing agent. This study aimed to determine what effect has the duration of the sol aging process on the properties of fabricated ZnO films. Investigations were carried out with the sol that was aged during the period from 2 to 64 days. The sol was studied using the dynamic light scattering method to determine its distribution of molecule size. The properties of ZnO layers were studied using the following methods: scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, transmission and reflection spectroscopy in the UV-Vis range, and the goniometric method for determination of the water contact angle. Furthermore, photocatalytic properties of ZnO layers were studied by the observation and quantification of the methylene blue dye degradation in an aqueous solution under UV illumination. Our studies showed that ZnO layers have grain structure, and their physical–chemical properties depend on the duration of aging. The strongest photocatalytic activity was observed for layers produced from the sol that was aged over 30 days. These layers have also the greatest porosity (37.1%) and the largest water contact angle (68.53°). Our studies have also shown that there are two absorption bands in studied ZnO layers, and values of optical energy band gaps determined from positions of maxima in reflectance characteristics are equal to those determined using the Tauc method. Optical energy band gaps of the ZnO layer fabricated from the sol aged over 30 days are EgI = 4.485 eV and EgII = 3.300 eV for the first and second bands, respectively. This layer also showed the highest photocatalytic activity, causing the pollution to degrade 79.5% after 120 min of UV irradiation. We believe that ZnO layers presented here, thanks to their attractive photocatalytic properties, may find application in environmental protection for the degradation of organic pollutants.
Transmission Line Fault Location Using MFCC and LS-SVR

The location of Transmission Line (TL) Faults is a major problem in Electrical Power Systems (EPSs), since precisely identifying the point of occurrence of a fault in a TL it is possible to perform a faster restoration of the operation to the desired normal conditions. In this work we used a Least-Squares Support Vector Regression (LS-SVR) to locate faults in a TL with inputs provided by MFCC (Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) obtained from voltage signals during the fault. A modelled line based on parameters of a real line was used, with a total of 4008 fault situations being simulated on this Transmission Line. It is important to point out that MFCC are not used in applications involving EPS’s, and, according to the bibliographic research conducted by the team so far, no application of this feature extraction tool has been detected for the TL fault location problem. 3006 faults were used to train the model with cross-validation by the k-fold method, and 1002 faults were used for testing. The proposed methodology presented a good performance in the tests carried out, with a mean relative error of 0.000419 ±0.000640% when models are trained and tested with noiseless voltage signals. For models trained with voltage signals that present SNR ranging from 100 dB to 25 dB, the relative mean error ranged from 0.00334 ±0.00459%, in the first case, to 0.030580±0.043160% in the last.
Interdisciplinary views of fNIRS: Current advancements, equity challenges, and an agenda for future needs of a diverse fNIRS research community

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an innovative and promising neuroimaging modality for studying brain activity in real-world environments. While fNIRS has seen rapid advancements in hardware, software, and research applications since its emergence nearly 30 years ago, limitations still exist regarding all three areas, where existing practices contribute to greater bias within the neuroscience research community. We spotlight fNIRS through the lens of different end-application users, including the unique perspective of a fNIRS manufacturer, and report the challenges of using this technology across several research disciplines and populations. Through the review of different research domains where fNIRS is utilized, we identify and address the presence of bias, specifically due to the restraints of current fNIRS technology, limited diversity among sample populations, and the societal prejudice that infiltrates today's research. Finally, we provide resources for minimizing bias in neuroscience research and an application agenda for the future use of fNIRS that is equitable, diverse, and inclusive.
Neural Correlates of Delay Discounting in the Light of Brain Imaging and Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation: What We Know and What Is Missed

In decision making, the subjective value of a reward declines with the delay to its receipt, describing a hyperbolic function. Although this phenomenon, referred to as delay discounting (DD), has been extensively characterized and reported in many animal species, still, little is known about the neuronal processes that support it. Here, after drawing a comprehensive portrait, we consider the latest neuroimaging and lesion studies, the outcomes of which often appear contradictory among comparable experimental settings. In the second part of the manuscript, we focus on a more recent and effective route of investigation: non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS). We provide a comprehensive review of the available studies that applied transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to affect subjects’ performance in DD tasks. The aim of our survey is not only to highlight the superiority of NIBS in investigating DD, but also to suggest targets for future experimental studies, since the regions considered in these studies represent only a fraction of the possible ones. In particular, we argue that, based on the available neurophysiological evidence from lesion and brain imaging studies, a very promising and underrepresented region for future neuromodulation studies investigating DD is the orbitofrontal cortex.
Overexpression of Potential Markers of Regulatory and Exhausted CD8+ T Cells in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is one of the most common pediatric cancers, wherein regulatory T cells (Treg) and exhausted CD8+ T cells may be important in its development and maintenance. In this bioinformatics study, we evaluated the expression of 20 Treg/CD8 exhaustion markers and their possible roles in patients with B-ALL. The mRNA expression values of peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from 25 patients with B-ALL and 93 healthy subjects (HSs) were downloaded from publicly available datasets. Treg/CD8 exhaustion marker expression was normalized with that of the T cell signature and correlated with the expression of Ki-67, regulatory transcription factors (FoxP3, Helios), cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β), CD8+ markers (CD8α chain, CD8β chain), and CD8+ activation markers (Granzyme B, Granulysin). The mean expression level of 19 Treg/CD8 exhaustion markers was higher in the patients than in the HSs. In patients, the expression of five markers (CD39, CTLA-4, TNFR2, TIGIT, and TIM-3) correlated positively with Ki-67, FoxP3, and IL-10 expression. Moreover, the expression of some of them correlated positively with Helios or TGF-β. Our results suggested that Treg/CD8+ T cells expressing CD39, CTLA-4, TNFR2, TIGIT, and TIM-3 favor B-ALL progression, and targeted immunotherapy against these markers could be a promising approach for treating B-ALL.
Resonant states and transmission coefficient oscillations for potential wells and barriers

The oscillatory behavior of the transmission coefficient T as a function of energy is examined for an attractive square well and a rectangular barrier. We calculate T using resonant state boundary conditions and demonstrate that the maxima in T are correlated with the broad resonances generated by these potentials. For barrier potentials the maxima signify resonances occurring at energies above the barrier height. It is shown that the resonance position and width can also be generated from the complex poles of the amplitude of the transmitted plane wave. We also explain the relation between the positions of the resonances generated by the square well and the rectangular barrier to the energy eigenvalues of the corresponding rigid box with the same range. We show for a potential with an attractive well and a repulsive barrier that T exhibits oscillations when the particle energy is below the barrier, implying that in many cases the simple WKB type barrier penetration expression for T is not adequate. These.
The relationship between moral judgment ability, parenting style, and perfectionism in obsessive–compulsive disorder patients: A mediating analysis

Introduction Guilt is an important part of obsessive–compulsive disorder. The abnormal moral cognition of obsessive–compulsive disorder patients may be closely related to their high level of guilt. The purpose of this study was to explore the development level of moral judgment in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder and the role of parenting style and perfectionism in moral judgment development. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted in the clinical psychology department of a Class III hospital in Beijing. The patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder were recruited, and the healthy control subjects were recruited at the same time. Questionnaires were used to collect data, including the Yale-Brown Compulsion Scale, the Moral Judgment Test, the Parenting Style Evaluation Scale, and the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. Result A total of 231 patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder and 246 healthy controls were included. The results showed that, first, the obsessive–compulsive group scored significantly lower on moral judgment than the healthy control group. Second, the tendency of non-adaptive perfectionism was significantly higher in the obsessive–compulsive group than in the healthy control group. Third, parents’ excessive control, denial, punishment, and other parenting styles and non-adaptive perfectionism are higher than those of healthy people. Fourthly, the mother of obsessive–compulsive disorder patients is overly interference and protective. Rejection, denial, punishment, harshness, and father’s rejection and denial play a partial mediating role in moral judgment ability through the degree of non-adaptive perfectionism. Conclusion The development level of moral judgment ability of patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder was significantly lower than that of the normal group, and the level of non-adaptive perfectionism was significantly higher than that of the normal group. Parents of obsessive–compulsive patients use more high-pressure control education. Parenting style partially affects the moral judgment of obsessive–compulsive patients through the degree of non-adaptive perfectionism.