Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Second Primary Genital Squamous Cell Carcinoma Following Cervical Cancer Treatment

Recently with more effective treatment strategies for cervical cancer, larger numbers of patients survive and greater incidence of second malignant neoplasms have been diagnosed. Patients after treatment of cervical cancer have a 2.5-37% lifetime risk of developing a second squamous cell malignancy of the lower genital tract (1). This risk is 5 to 12 times higher compared to general population (2). In our case report we attempted to analyze clinical characteristics of a patient with vulvar carcinoma following cervical cancer treatment with particular focus on the etiology such as HPV, radiation therapy and genetic instability, prognostic factors and treatment result.
Mobile Ecosystems Among Low‐Skilled Migrants in Singapore: An Investigation into Mobile Usage Practices

The paper explores how the ideas of freedom and constraints are inherent to the phenomenon of adaptation. In order to explicate this tension in the migrant adaptation process, the study adopts the development approach that has highlighted freedom as means and ends of development – the capability approach. The study explores answers to the questions (i) To what extent does migrants’ adaptation to the host country, including to its mobile ecosystem, ensure their freedom and to what extent the adaptation is a constraint for them? ; and, (ii) How do various strategies of adaptation help migrants achieve development in social, economic and political domains? In‐depth interviews were conducted among 50 low‐skilled migrants from Bangladesh and India in Singapore. Findings showed that mobile phone usage helped enhance the functionings of migrant workers, although there were constraints in achieving improvements in their capabilities. Hierarchical organizational structures acted as external constraints, whereas overdependence on mobile phones and forsaking of ideals of collective action acted as internal impediments. The study calls for a renewed understanding of adaptation in transnational migration context, with more focus on revealing the tensions between the adapting entity and the factors curtailing the freedom of the adapting entity.
An Ensemble of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Kohonen Networks for Online Data Stream Fuzzy Clustering

A new approach to data stream clustering with the help of an ensemble of adaptive neuro-fuzzy systems is proposed. The proposed ensemble is formed with adaptive neuro-fuzzy self-organizing Kohonen maps in a parallel processing mode. Their learning procedure is carried out with different parameters that define a nature of cluster borders' blurriness. Clusters' quality is estimated in an online mode with the help of a modified partition coefficient which is calculated in a recurrent form. A final result is chosen by the best neuro-fuzzy self-organizing Kohonen map.
Delineation of Regions of the Yersinia YopM Protein Required for Interaction with the RSK1 and PRK2 Host Kinases and Their Requirement for Interleukin-10 Production and Virulence

ABSTRACT The YopM protein of Yersinia sp. is a type III secreted effector that is required for virulence in murine models of infection. YopM has previously been shown to contain leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and to interact with two host kinases, RSK1 and PRK2, although the consequence of these interactions is unknown. A series of YopM proteins missing different numbers of LRRs or a C-terminal domain were produced and used for in vitro binding reactions to map domains required for interaction with RSK1 and PRK2. A C-terminal domain of YopM (from LRR12 to the C terminus) was shown to be required for interaction with RSK1, while an internal portion encompassing LRR6 to LRR15 was shown to be required for interaction with PRK2. The virulence of a Yersinia pseudotuberculosis ΔyopM mutant in mice via an intravenous route of infection was significantly attenuated. At day 4 postinfection, there were significantly increased levels of gamma interferon and reduced levels of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and IL-10 in the serum of the ΔyopM-infected mice compared to that of mice infected with the wild type, suggesting that YopM action alters the balance of these key cytokines to promote virulence. The PRK2 and RSK1 interaction domains of YopM were both required for IL-10 induction in vivo, irrespective of splenic colonization levels. In an orogastric model of Y. pseudotuberculosis infection, a ΔyopM mutant was defective in dissemination from the intestine to the spleen and significantly reduced in virulence. In addition, Y. pseudotuberculosis mutants expressing YopM proteins unable to interact with either RSK1 (YopMΔ12-C) or PRK2 (YopMΔ6-15) were defective for virulence in this assay, indicating that both interaction domains are important for YopM to promote pathogenesis.
Profile of neratinib and its potential in the treatment of breast cancer

The HER (ErbB) receptor tyrosine kinase receptors are implicated in many cancers and several anti-HER treatments are now approved. In recent years, a new group of compounds that bind irreversibly to the adenosine triphosphate binding pocket of HER receptors have been developed. One of these compounds, neratinib, has passed preclinical phases and is currently undergoing various clinical trials. This manuscript reviews the preclinical as well as clinical data on neratinib. As a pan-HER inhibitor, this irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor binds and inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of epidermal growth factor receptors, EGFR (or HER1), HER2 and HER4, which leads to reduced phosphorylation and activation of downstream signaling pathways. Neratinib has been shown to be effective against HER2-overexpressing or mutant tumors in vitro and in vivo. Neratinib is currently being investigated in various clinical trials in breast cancers and other solid tumors, including those with HER2 mutation. Earlier studies have already shown promising clinical activity for neratinib. However, more translational research is required to investigate biomarkers that could help to predict response and resistance for selection of appropriate patients for treatment with neratinib, either as monotherapy or in combination with other drug(s).
Eleostearic Acid Inhibits Breast Cancer Proliferation by Means of an Oxidation-Dependent Mechanism

Eleostearic acid (α-ESA) is a conjugated linolenic acid that makes up ∼60% of Momordica charantia (bitter melon) seed oil. Prior work found that water extract from bitter melon was able to inhibit breast cancer. Here, we investigated effects of α-ESA on both estrogen receptor (ER)–negative MDA-MB-231 (MDA-wt) and ER-positive MDA-ERα7 human breast cancer cells. We found that α-ESA inhibited proliferation of both MDA-wt and MDA-ERα7 cells, whereas conjugated linoleic acid had comparatively weak antiproliferative activity at 20 to 80 μmol/L concentrations. We also found that α-ESA (40 μmol/L) treatment led to apoptosis in the range of 70% to 90% for both cell lines, whereas conjugated linoleic acid (40 μmol/L) resulted in only 5% to 10% apoptosis, similar to results for control untreated cells. Addition of α-ESA also caused loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor as well as endonuclease G from the mitochondria to the nucleus. Additionally, α-ESA caused a G2-M block in the cell cycle. We also investigated the potential for lipid peroxidation to play a role in the inhibitory action of α-ESA. We found that when the breast cancer cells were treated with α-ESA in the presence of the antioxidant α-tocotrienol (20 μmol/L), the growth inhibition and apoptosis effects of α-ESA were lost. An AMP-activated protein kinase inhibitor (Dorsomorphin) was also able to partially abrogate the effects of α-ESA, whereas a caspase inhibitor (BOC-D-FMK) did not. These results illustrate that α-ESA can block breast cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis through a mechanism that may be oxidation dependent.
Post-translational regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vascular endothelium

Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived gaseous signaling molecule. In blood vessels, it is synthesized in a dynamic fashion by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and influences vascular function via two distinct mechanisms, the activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent signaling and the S-nitrosylation of proteins with reactive thiols (S-nitrosylation). The regulation of eNOS activity and NO bioavailability is critical to maintain blood vessel function. The activity of eNOS and ability to generate NO is regulated at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels. Post-translational modifications acutely impact eNOS activity and dysregulation of these mechanisms compromise eNOS activity and foster the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review will intergrate past and current literature on the post-translational modifications of eNOS in both health and disease.
Optimization of FIR digital filter using low power MAC

In the majority of digital signal processing (DSP) applications the critical operations are the multiplication and accumulation. Multiplier-Accumulator (MAC) unit that consumes low power is always a key to achieve a high performance digital signal processing system. Finite impulse response (FIR) filters are widely used in various DSP applications.The purpose of this work is, design and implementation of Finite impulse response (FIR) filter using a low power MAC unit with clock gating and pipelining techniques to save power. Keywords— MAC, Low Power, Glitch Reduction, Clock Gating, Latch Based Design, Pipelining.
Trainability of young athletes and overtraining.

Exercise adaptations to strength, anaerobic and aerobic training have been extensively studied in adults, however, young people appear to respond differently to such exercise stimulus in comparison to adults. In addition, because overtraining in young athletes has received little attention, this important area is also discussed. Resistance training in children can be safe and effective. It has the potential to improve sport performance, enhance body composition and reduce the rate of sport incurred injury. Furthermore, with the appropriate stimulus, prepubertal and adolescent athletes can show significant increments in muscle strength (13 - 30%). Children can improve anaerobic power (3%-10% Mean Power and 4%-20% in Peak Power), although the mechanisms responsible for the improvements in children remain unclear. Children show a 'reduced' trainability of peak VO2 in comparison to adults. Nevertheless, their aerobic power is trainable, with improvements reported at approximately 5%. Moreover, improvements in other variables like exercise economy or lactate threshold may occur without significant changes in peak VO2 The limited evidence available indicates that overtraining is occurring in young athletes (30% prevalence), highlighting the importance of further research in to all the possible contributing factors - physiological, psychological and emotional - when investigating overtraining. Key pointsChildren's strength, anaerobic and aerobic power is trainable, although the improvements may be smaller than seen in adults.Children can demonstrate significant gains in muscle strength with resistance training (13 - 30%). Improvements in mean power (3 - 10%) and peak power (4 - 20%) are reported in children.Aerobic fitness can improve with training in children by approximately 5%. Limited available evidence indicates an occurrence of overtraining in young athletes of around 30%.
Cosmetic Use of Poly‐l‐Lactic Acid: A Retrospective Study of 130 Patients

BACKGROUND Poly‐l‐lactic acid (PLLA) is an effective treatment for patients seeking to correct volume loss due to aging. Although the Food and Drug Administration has approved PLLA for use in people with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), it is well‐suited for patients seeking cosmetic treatment. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and incidence of adverse events of HIV‐negative patients treated with PLLA for volume restoration. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective, single‐center study of 130 HIV‐negative patients treated with PLLA from 2003 to 2008. Patient satisfaction and incidence of adverse reactions were evaluated. RESULTS The most common reaction to PLLA treatment was the formation of nodules (8.5%). Almost all of the nodules were palpable; only one was visible. Treatment areas with the highest incidence of post‐treatment nodules were the hands (12.5%) and cheeks (7.2%). Overall, patients were satisfied, with 55% having good to excellent correction; 75% of patients with five or more treatments rated their correction as good to excellent. Sixty‐eight percent of all patients would repeat the procedure again. CONCLUSION PLLA is a safe, biodegradable volumizer used to reverse the signs of aging by gradually correcting volume loss. Patients should be aware of possible adverse reactions during the course of treatment. Nodule formation is low, with most patients having good to excellent correction. Drs. Butterwick and Goldman are consultants for Sanofi‐Aventis.
Correction: The Role of Angiotensin II and Cyclic AMP in Alveolar Active Sodium Transport

The images for Figs ​Figs11 and ​and22 are incorrectly switched. The image that appears as Fig 1 should be Fig 2, and the image that appears as Fig 2 should be Fig 1. The figure captions appear in the correct order. Please see the correct Figs ​Figs11 and ​and22 here. Fig 1 Effect of Ang II on AFC. Fig 2 Different interventions effect on AFC.
Shelter and Transitional Housing for Transgender Youth

This is one article in a three part series in this issue of The Journal of Gay and Lesbian Mental Health documenting the proceedings from the workshop “The Psychiatric Needs of the Transgender Homeless Population” at the 2009 American Psychiatric Association's Institute on Psychiatric Services Conference in New York City. In the United States, transgender youth are overrepresented among the homeless. The stigma and discrimination that causes and maintains homelessness among transgender people is also prevalent in the streets and at programs that serve homeless people. This makes life for transgender people in foster care, at shelters, and in transitional housing difficult and even dangerous. Shelter policies have been created and adopted to address safety concerns of transgender people. In addition, transitional housing and other services exclusively serving sexual/gender minorities have also been developed to provide safe shelter for this population.
Involvement of Prolonged Ras Activation in Thrombopoietin-Induced Megakaryocytic Differentiation of a Human Factor-Dependent Hematopoietic Cell Line

ABSTRACT Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a hematopoietic growth factor that plays fundamental roles is both megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis through binding to its receptor, c-mpl. Although TPO has been shown to activate various types of intracellular signaling molecules, such as the Janus family of protein tyrosine kinases, signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs), and ras, the precise mechanisms underlying TPO-induced proliferation and differentiation remain unknown. In an effort to clarify the mechanisms of TPO-induced proliferation and differentiation, c-mpl was introduced into F-36P, a human interleukin-3 (IL-3)-dependent erythroleukemia cell line, and the effects of TPO on the c-mpl-transfected F-36P (F-36P-mpl) cells were investigated. F-36P-mpl cells were found to proliferate and differentiate at a high rate into mature megakaryocytes in response to TPO. Dominant-negative (dn) forms of STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and ras were inducibly expressed in F-36P-mpl cells, and their effects on TPO-induced proliferation and megakaryocytic differentiation were analyzed. Among these dn molecules, both dn ras and dn STAT5 reduced TPO- or IL-3-induced proliferation of F-36P-mpl cells by ∼30%, and only dn ras could inhibit TPO-induced megakaryocytic differentiation. In accord with this result, overexpression of activated ras (H-rasG12V) for 5 days led to megakaryocytic differentiation of F-36P-mpl cells. In a time course analysis on H-rasG12V-induced differentiation, activation of the ras pathway for 24 to 28 h was required and sufficient to induce megakaryocytic differentiation. Consistent with this result, the treatment of F-36P-mpl cells with TPO was able to induce prolonged activation of ras for more than 24 h, whereas IL-3 had only a transient effect. These results suggest that prolonged ras activation may be involved in TPO-induced megakaryocytic differentiation.
Análisis situado del plan de negocios en español y portugués: perspectivas de emprendedores, docentes y estudiantes

El plan de negocios ha sido ampliamente incluido en el curriculum de carreras de economia y resulta fundamental en las practicas empresariales a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, aun no ha sido estudiado como genero discursivo, posiblemente debido a las fuertes restricciones en su circulacion social, espacial y temporal, ni se han propuesto caracterizaciones especificas del genero en espanol y portugues, a pesar de su relevancia para la cooperacion y el desarrollo productivo en el area del MERCOSUR. A partir del analisis cualitativo de materiales didacticos elaborados por expertos y de entrevistas con usuarios de la Argentina y Brasil, se busca brindar una descripcion preliminar del genero. Se utilizan nociones de la teoria del genero desarrolladas dentro de la linguistica aplicada y la socio-retorica. Los resultados muestran que su objetivo es presentar el metodo o estrategia para llevar a cabo cierto negocio en determinado periodo de tiempo. Integra una cadena de cuatro etapas que se asocia a un continuo de entornos sociales organizados segun las opciones emprendedor/corporativo y experto/estudiantil. Su estructura retorica incluye describir la situacion presente/potencial de la compania, el mercado y el modelo de negocios, y describir procesos futuros de acciones estrategicas de marketing, produccion y financiamiento. El contraste entre paises muestra que en Brasil su estructura retorica incluye pasos provenientes del discurso academico no empresarial. Este articulo ofrece innovaciones metodologicas para el relevo de generos ocultos, promueve el estudio contrastivo del plan de negocios en distintos marcos culturales y linguisticos, brinda a los docentes y estudiantes de economia una descripcion situada del genero y hace aportes al campo en desarrollo del analisis del discurso profesional en Iberoamerica. Palabras clave: analisis del discurso profesional, analisis del genero discursivo, escritura de negocios.
Population Ageing and Distributive Conflicts : Age Distributive Divisions in Western Europe

Razvijena industrijska drustva suocena su s pritiscima vece potrosnje na mirovine i na usluge za starije osobe u isto vrijeme kada postoji potreba za vecim ulaganjem u rastuci udio mlađeg stanovnistva u radnoj snazi i u integraciju imigranata potrebnih da se obnovi radna snaga koja stari. To priprema teren za distributivne sukobe između grupa koje su naklonjene razlicitim tipovima socijalne potrosnje. Clanak tvrdi da snaga i priroda distributivnih sukoba uvelike ovisi o usmjerenju potrosnje unutar socijalnog sustava, vrsti mirovinskog sustava i važnosti obitelji unutar socijalnog sustava. Dok u zemljama s mirovinskim sustavima utemeljenim na profesijama i socijalnim sustavima s vecom potrosnjom na starije osobe možemo ocekivati snažnu prisutnost razlika na temelju dobi, u zemljama s univerzalnim mirovinskim sustavima i sa socijalnim sustavima s uravnoteženijim uzorcima potrosnje možemo ocekivati mnogo manje ucinke. Clanak provjerava te tvrdnje rabeci Eurobarometer podatke. Rezultati potvrđuju tvrdnju u pogledu razlika na temelju dobi i njihovih varijacija u nacionalnim kontekstima. Cini se da su varijacije povezane s preusmjeravanjem troskova u socijalnoj državi, no na nacin koji nije u skladu s nasim ocekivanjima.
Challenges in Building a Two-Tiered Learning Architecture for Disk Layout (CMU-PDL-04-109)

Choosing the correct settings for large systems can be a daunting task. The performance of the system is often heavily dependent upon these settings, and the “correct” settings are often closely coupled with the workload. System designers usually resort to using a set of heuristic approaches that are known to work well in some cases. However, hand-combining these heuristics is painstaking and fragile. We propose a two-tiered architecture that makes this combination transparent and robust, and describe an application of the architecture to the problem of disk layout optimization. This two-tiered architecture consists of a set of independent heuristics, and an adaptive method of combining them. However, building such a system has proved to be more difficult than expected. Each heuristic depends heavily on decisions from other heuristics, making it difficult to break the problem into smaller pieces. This paper outlines our approaches and how they have worked, discusses the biggest challenges in building the system, and mentions additional possible solutions. Whether this problem is solvable is still open to debate, but the experiences reported provide a cautionary tale; system policy automation is complex and difficult. We thank the members and companies of the PDL Consortium (including EMC, Engenio, Hewlett-Packard, HGST, Hitachi, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Network Appliance, Oracle, Panasas, Seagate, Sun, and Veritas) for their interest, insights, feedback, and support. Their work is partially funded by the National Science Foundation, via grant #CCR-0326453.
Signed Simplicial Decomposition and Overlay of n-D Polytope Complexes

Polytope complexes are the generalisation of polygon meshes in geo-information systems (GIS) to arbitrary dimension, and a natural concept for accessing spatio-temporal information. Complexes of each dimension have a straight-forward dimension-independent database representation called "Relational Complex". Accordingly, complex overlay is the corresponding generalisation of map overlay in GIS to arbitrary dimension. Such overlay can be computed by partitioning the cells into simplices, intersecting these and finally combine their intersections into the resulting overlay complex. Simplex partitioning, however, can expensive in dimension higher than 2. In the case of polytope complex overlay /signed/ simplicial decomposition is an alternative. This paper presents a purely combinatoric polytope complex decomposition which ignores geometry. In particular, this method is also a decomposition method for /non-convex/ polytopes. Geometric n-D-simplex intersection is then done by a simplified active-set-method---a well-known numerical optimisation method. "Summing" up the simplex intersections then yields the desired overlay complex.
Occupational travel.

BACKGROUND This review summarizes the available evidence on travel-related illness and injury for overseas travellers and, where available, evaluates the literature on occupational travellers. METHODS The studies evaluated include those published in international scientific literature since 1980 and were identified through a search of relevant databases using selected keywords. RESULTS A high proportion of travellers experience health problems. While the majority of problems are minor, they can cause disruption to travel plans, and a small proportion can result in hospital admission or death. Data on occupational travellers are limited but reveal similar findings, although higher rates of illness and injury are often reported and psychological factors appear to be more prominent. This is particularly the case for expatriates. CONCLUSIONS While data on general travellers can be used to make valid inferences about the travel-related illness or injury in occupational travellers, there are some important differences between the two groups, which need to be considered when making comparisons. Further research in this area is required to evaluate the additional risks to those who travel overseas for work.