Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Forward-and-backward diffusion for hyperspectral remote sensing image smoothing and enhancement

Among all enhancement techniques being developed over the past two decades, anisotropic diffusion has received a lot of attention and has experienced significant developments, with promising results and applications in several specific domains. The elegant property of the technique is that it can enhance images by reducing undesirable intensity variability within the objects in image, while improving signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and enhancing the contrast of the edges in scalar and, more recently, in vector-valued images, such as color, multispectral and hyperspectral imagery. In this paper, we firstly analyze two complementary schemes-variational methods and nonlinear diffusion partial differential equations (PDEs), in terms of edge enhancement. Based on these analyses, a general flexible class of hyperspectral forward-and-backward (FAB) diffusion process will be proposed, which can achieve the main requirements for edgepreserving regularization with image enhancement. In addition, we use additive operator splitting (AOS) scheme to speedup the numerical evolution of the nonlinear diffusion equation with respect to traditional explicit schemes. The performance of the vector-valued FAB diffusion PDE is studied using some hyperspectral remote sensing images. Experimental results on these images are shown the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Perbaikan Posisi dan Postur Pekerja Pada Operator Produksi Tahu UKM Subang

Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat di pabrik tahu UKM Subang diperlukan adanya usulan perbaikan sistem kerja untuk mengurangi keluhan karyawan pada keryawan bagian produksi tahu sebagai salah satu upaya dalam mengurangi rasa nyeri yang sering di keluhkan oleh keryawan lantai produksi. RULA adalah sebuah metode survei yang dikembangkan untuk kegunaan investigasi ergonomi pada tempat kerja, dimana penyakit otot rangka tubuh bagian atas yang terkait kerja teridentivikasi. Nordic Body Map adalah sistem pengukuran keluhan sakit pada tubuh yang dikenal dengan musculoskeletal. Jumlah pekerja pada bagian produksi tahu skm sebanyak 12 orang yang terbagi menjadi 3 sift, dari 12 orang di bagian produksi semuanya berjenis kelamin laki laki, yang berusia dari 17thn hingga 28thn. Kategori keluhan dapat di persentasikan manjadi 59% sangat sakit, 30% sakit dan 11% sedang. Sedangkan dari hasil total RULA score final yang di dapat adalah 6,6 atau jika dibulatkan menjadi 7 yang berarti investigate and implement change atau menyelidiki dan menerapkan perubahan.
Experiment on direct irradiation of a beryllium window by undulator radiation

Beryllium windows were tested as the first target in a project for experimental simulations of heat load effects on beamline optical elements under direct irradiation of undulator and wiggler radiation. Maximum temperature at the window center, vertical temperature distribution, and cooling capability by thermal conduction were studied. It turned out that thermomechanical failure occurred when the temperature difference between the window center and its peripheral edges exceeded about 200 °C. This fact was in good agreement with a simple maximum‐shearing‐stress theory of the failure condition.
Identification of prognostic factors and nomogram model for patients with advanced lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors

Background and aim Some patients with lung cancer can benefit from immunotherapy, but the biomarkers that predict immunotherapy response were not well defined. Baseline characteristic of patients may be the most convenient and effective markers. Therefore, our study was designed to explore the association between baseline characteristics of patients with lung cancer and the efficacy of immunotherapy. Methods A total of 216 lung cancer patients from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital who received immunotherapy between 2017 and 2021 were included in the retrospective analysis. All baseline characteristic data were collected and then univariate log-rank analysis and multivariate COX regression analysis were performed. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to evaluate patients’ progression-free survival (PFS). A nomogram based on significant biomarkers was constructed to predict PFS rate of patients receiving immunotherapy. We evaluated the prediction accuracy of nomogram using C-indices and calibration curves. Results Univariate analysis of all collected baseline factors showed that age, clinical stage, white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte (LYM), monocyte (MON), eosinophils (AEC), hemoglobin (HB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin (ALB) and treatment line were significantly associated with PFS after immunotherapy. Then these 10 risk factors were included in a multivariate regression analysis, which indicated that age (HR: 1.95, 95% CI [1.01–3.78], P = 0.048), MON (HR: 1.74, 95% CI [1.07–2.81], P = 0.025), LDH (HR: 0.59, 95% CI [0.36–0.95], P = 0.030), and line (HR: 0.57, 95% CI [0.35–0.94], P = 0.026) were significantly associated with PFS in patients with lung cancer receiving immunotherapy. Patients with higher ALB showed a greater trend of benefit compared with patients with lower ALB (HR: 1.58, 95% CI [0.94–2.66], P = 0.084). Patients aged ≥51 years, with high ALB, low LDH, first-line immunotherapy, and high MON had better response rates and clinical benefits. The nomogram based on age, ALB, MON, LDH, line was established to predict the prognosis of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). The C-index of training cohort and validation cohort were close, 0.71 and 0.75, respectively. The fitting degree of calibration curve was high, which confirmed the high prediction value of our nomogram. Conclusion Age, ALB, MON, LDH, line can be used as reliable predictive biomarkers for PFS, response rate and cancer control in patients with lung cancer receiving immunotherapy. The nomogram based on age, ALB, MON, LDH, line was of great significance for predicting 1-year-PFS, 2-year-PFS and 3-year-PFS in patients with advanced lung cancer treated with immunotherapy.
Displacement sensorless control of a bearingless induction motor based on hybrid flux estimation

ABSTRACT To address the problems of bulk-size, high cost for traditional mechanical displacement sensors in a bearingless induction motor (BL-IM), a displacement sensorless control strategy based on hybrid flux estimation for the BL-IM is proposed. By analyzing the merits and shortcomings of the voltage-type and the current-type flux estimator, a hybrid flux estimation model composed of two kinds of flux estimators is designed using the complementary characteristics of the two estimation models in high- and low-speed applications, and the velocity correlation function is used to achieve dynamic smooth switching between two models in the medium-speed zone. Secondly, the radial displacement of the rotor is calculated according to the mathematical model of the BL-IM, so as to realize the self-detection of the rotor displacement. Then, the vector control displacement sensorless system of the BL-IM is established. Finally, the simulation and experimental study are carried out on an experimental prototype designed by our research group. The simulation and experimental results show that the flux estimator has good estimation accuracy, and the sensorless control system of the BL-IM based on flux estimation not only has good self-detection ability of rotor radial displacement, but also has good speed characteristic and suspension properties.
An IoT-Based Approach for Learning Geometric Shapes in Early Childhood

In today’s world, technology has assumed an indispensable role in everyday life. However, though developments in the Internet of Things (IoT) have laid a foundation for achieving different educational purposes, IoT is not being employed to its full potential. A separate issue is that the topic of geometry has been neglected or received only limited attention in schools, particularly in the early years. Moreover, as geometry is of paramount importance, the idea of teaching geometry in early childhood should be investigated. This paper proposes an IoT-based approach for teaching basic geometric shapes to children aged 5 to 6. Specifically, five nodes were designed to act as the vertices of shapes. In addition, educational videos comprising three sections —identification, recognition, and recollection — were provided. Using a sample of 35 boys the proposed solution was assessed in terms of its effect on learning outcomes and the learning process using pre-test, simultaneous test, and post-tests. The findings revealed a noticeable improvement in learning outcomes. Furthermore, the proposed approach made learning enjoyable, which, compared to the traditional approach toward learning geometric shapes, is considered an improvement.
Technology Challenge: EFL Teacher Experience Teaching Online at Kindergarten

The application of learning technology makes a severe challenge for the English teachers as a foreign language (EFL) at Kindergarten learning online, which results in neglected outcomes. Various kinds of the latest tools and appropriate online learning technology are widely available, but the limited ability of EFL teachers and students can't keep up with the progress. This study aims to analyses how the challenges of EFL teachers and students using online learning technology impact output quality in kindergartens. The data for this study were sourced from the owners of the Kindergarten, the principal, and 12 EFL teachers who had considerable experience in two private Kindergartens. Data collection is done through observation, documentation, and interview. Data analysis is manually inductive with model producer which started from data collection, reduction, data display, and verification. The study results show that the importance of appropriate technology that EFL teachers and students cannot use has resulted in a fall in the quality of outcomes that have a global impact. The impact of children's education in Kindergarten affects further formal education, which should follow the demands of the development of science and technology in the present and the future. This condition does not pursue the educational vision, mission, and goals. At the same time, this study requires problem-solving based on problem-based learning, and excellent teachers must master Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK).
Central Auditory Processing Disorder in Patients with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Background This study was conducted to comprehensively examine the central auditory processing (CAP) abilities of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) as well as to compare the results with cognitively normal elderly controls. Methods A total of 78 participants were screened through pure-tone audiometry and word recognition score in order to exclude peripheral auditory dysfunction. Forty-five people passed screening tests, and 33 people failed. Finally, 25 aMCI (mean age = 71.52 ± 4.8; male : female = 24 : 76) and 20 controls (mean age = 73.45 ± 4.32; male : female = 45 : 55) were enrolled in the study. Seven CAP tests (frequency pattern test, duration pattern test, Gap-In-Noise© test, dichotic digits test, low-pass filtered word test, speech perception in noise test, and binaural fusion test) were conducted only after the two groups passed the screening. A linear mixed model was applied to analyze CAP tests except for the binaural fusion test. For the binaural fusion test, the independent t-test was used to compare the means of test score between two groups. Results The aMCI group had a decrease in the mean score of the frequency pattern test, duration pattern test, Gaps-In-Noise© test, dichotic digits test, and speech perception in noise test compared with the control group. Conclusion The aMCI group's CAP abilities were significantly lower than those of the control group. Thus, if the cognitive assessment and hearing evaluation are conducted in combination, the sensitivity of the diagnostic process for aMCI will be increased.
How psychological capital shapes social workers’ job performance: The mediating role of work engagement?

ABSTRACT Given the fact that social work is an emotionally demanding profession that may generate negative consequences on social workers and their job performance. Drawing on Conservation of Resource Theory and Broaden and Build Theory, we scrutinize the influence of psychological capital on job performance via work engagement as mediator. Despite being crucial, there is a dearth of research on the factors that consider the positive aspects of social work and influence social workers’ performance, particularly in Palestine. The findings acquired from 433 social workers unveiled that psychological capital had a favorable influence on their engagement in work, which in turn had a significant positive association with job performance. Besides, we discovered that the association between psychological capital and job performance was positively mediated by work engagement. Thereby, this study fills the theoretical gap within the social work literature. A further discussion of the findings, contributions, and future directions is provided.
Fault detection and diagnosis of relative position detection sensor for high speed maglev train based on kernel principal component analysis

Relative position detection sensor of high speed maglev train is one of the most important sensors in train positioning and speed measurement system. There is a complex circuit structure inside the sensor. How to ensure the reliability of sensors is the key problem to ensure the safe operation of maglev train, it is necessary to detect and diagnose the faults of the sensor which has been replaced or just left the factory. Kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is used to diagnose sensor faults in this paper. This method is based on sensor data. It has the advantages of simplicity, convenience and high accuracy. The simulation and experimental results show that this method has a good effect on sensor detection and diagnosis.
A Low-Offset VCO-Based Time-Domain Comparator Using a Phase Frequency Detector With Reduced Dead and Blind Zones

We present in this paper a high-precision voltage-controlled oscillators (VCO)-based time-domain (TD) comparator. It involves two identical and linear VCOs to convert the input voltage difference of the comparator into the time/frequency difference. Also, it includes a novel low-power phase frequency detector (PFD) to compare the output frequencies of the VCOs. The proposed PFD technique reduces the problematic effects of missing edges and phase ambiguity in conventional circuits by minimizing dead-zone (DZ)/blind-zone (BZ) and suppressing unwanted output glitches. The TD-comparator prototype is fabricated in a 350 -nm CMOS process having an active area of 0.01 mm2. The comparator consumes 93.65 μ W power from a 3.3 -V supply and provides a conversion rate of 2.7 MHz with 148 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {\mu }\mathbf {V_{rms}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> input-referred noise. Measurement results of 5 fabricated chips show an input-referred offset standard deviation of 81.14 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mu }\text{V}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Stand-alone characteristics measurements of the proposed PFD show a minimized DZ and BZ of less than 12 and 22.7 ps, respectively. With an almost <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\pm 2\pi }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> input phase range, the maximum operating frequency of the PFD is 1.32 GHz.
Organic Compost Supply Chain Analysis: A TCE Perspective

With the growing attention to Circular Economy (CE), there is a need to develop a waste management strategy to coordinate waste and recycling infrastructure across regional South Australia. The transition into CE needs a clear understanding of appropriate input and output opportunities while aligning the whole supply chain for value creation from waste. The development of the organic recovery industry in South Australia is severely constrained by the lack of suitable processing plants, which are currently operating at their limit. Amidst the challenges of CE adoption, a supply chain for organic compost needs a thorough analysis for capacity expansion. Using transaction cost economics (TCE), this exploratory study investigated the contractual difficulties and logistical challenges of the proposed organic compost supply chain connecting regional organic waste sources with processors and organic compost users. Interviews of organic waste suppliers, processors, and users revealed that while processing appeared to be viable for organic compost, the cost of organising its supply chain might be prohibitively high. Building more processing plants might face supply chain and logistical challenges without support from multi-stakeholders. Practical implications of CE are drawn for the benefits of all
Understanding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy: Evidence from the community-driven knowledge site Quora

Objective The present study aims to examine the threshold of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy over time and public discourse around COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy. Methods We collected 3,952 questions and 66,820 answers regarding COVID-19 vaccination posted on the social question-and-answer website Quora between June 2020 and June 2021 and employed Word2Vec and Sentiment Analysis to analyze the data. To examine changes in the perceptions and hesitancy about the COVID-19 vaccine, we segmented the data into 25 bi-weekly sections. Results As positive sentiment about vaccination increased, the number of new vaccinations in the United States also increased until it reached a ceiling point. The vaccine hesitancy phase was identified by the decrease in positive sentiment from its highest peak. Words that occurred only when the positive answer rate peaked (e.g., safe, plan, best, able, help) helped explain factors associated with positive perceptions toward vaccines, and the words that occurred only when the negative answer rate peaked (e.g., early, variant, scientists, mutations, effectiveness) suggested factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. We also identified a period of vaccine resistance, where people who decided not to be vaccinated were unlikely to be vaccinated without further enforcement or incentive. Conclusions Findings suggest that vaccine hesitancy occurred because concerns about vaccine safety were high due to a perceived lack of scientific evidence and public trust in healthcare authorities has been seriously undermined. Considering that vaccine-related conspiracy theories and fake news prevailed in the absence of reliable information sources, restoring public trust in healthcare leaders will be critical for future vaccination efforts.
Public Perception of Epilepsy in Rural Limpopo and Mpumalanga Provinces: A Quantitative Study on Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitudes

Although epilepsy is a common non-communicable neurological disease, lack of knowledge, awareness, and negative attitudes of it abound. This study aimed to explore public awareness, knowledge, and attitudes towards epilepsy and people living with epilepsy (PLWE). RaoSoft software was used to calculate the sample size, and 4290 respondents were included. The researchers employed a non-experimental quantitative survey method. Data were collected using a questionnaire, and descriptive and regression analyses were performed. Most respondents had a secondary education without grade 12 (45.2%); 79.6% were unemployed in Limpopo and 70.5% in Mpumalanga. This study had a 95.3% response rate. Both provinces displayed low knowledge of epilepsy (48.2%; mean = 5.99; SD = 2.38). Only 41% demonstrated awareness, and 56.7% had a positive attitude towards epilepsy (mean= 4.67; SD = 1.90). The findings revealed positive correlations between demographic factors and overall knowledge, awareness, and attitude. In addition, demographic factors, such as level of education and employment status, may be associated with an individual’s knowledge, awareness, and attitudes towards epilepsy. This study concluded that, despite individuals’ awareness of epilepsy, their levels of knowledge were low, and many (43.3%) had a negative attitude regarding the disease. In the two provinces investigated, the study highlighted the need for epilepsy education to empower the public and improve the quality of life of PLWE and their families.
Anticancer evaluation of new organometallic ruthenium(ii) flavone complexes

Targeting multiple malignancy features such as angiogenesis, proliferation and metastasis with one molecule is an effective strategy in developing potent anticancer agents. Ruthenium metal complexation to bioactive scaffolds is reported to enhance their biological activities. Herein, we evaluate the impact of Ru chelation on the pharmacological activities of two bioactive flavones (1 and 2) as anticancer candidates. The novel Ru complexes (1Ru and 2Ru) caused a loss of their parent molecules' antiangiogenic activities in an endothelial cell tube formation assay. 1Ru enhanced the antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of its 4-oxoflavone 1 on MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC50 = 66.15 ± 5 μM and 50% migration inhibition, p < 0.01 at 1 μM). 2Ru diminished 4-thioflavone's (2) cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 yet significantly enhanced 2's migration inhibition (p < 0.05) particularly on the MDA-MB-231 cell line. The test derivatives also showed non-intercalative interaction with VEGF and c-myc i-motif DNA sequences.
Mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy with enhanced detection performance for biomedical applications

Abstract Mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy is a powerful tool to measure and analyze composition, concentration and structure of substance molecules. Due to the advantages of noninvasive, label-free and real time, it is widely used to assist analysis and diagnosis in the biomedical field. In order to meet the analysis demand of low concentration clinical samples, the limit of detection (LOD) needs to be continuously enhanced. In this study, typical enhancement technologies for mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy are reviewed, including tunable diode Laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), dual-comb absorption spectroscopy (DAS), cavity enhanced spectroscopy, hollow waveguide absorption spectroscopy (HWGAS), surface enhancement infrared absorption (SEIRA), and photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS). Particular attention is paid to the application of these enhancement technologies in the biomedical field of breath analysis, body fluid detection, structure and conformational transition of proteins, food and drug quality monitoring. This review provides a comprehensive technology reference of mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy, as well as discussions on its application aspects in biomedical field.
Magnetic relaxation in solar and laboratory plasmas

Taylor's theory (J.B. Taylor 1974) of magnetic relaxation is developed to driven systems, in which helicity is injected into the plasma from an external source. Applications are presented to solar plasmas, in the context of the solar coronal heating problem, and laboratory plasmas in a spheromak system.