Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Biodegradation of the Organophosphorus Insecticide Diazinon by Bacterial Mono-Culture of Bacillus Sefensis 7, Isolated From the Rhizosphere of Date Palm Tree

Due to widespread use pesticides for crop protection, they are considered as contaminants in the, environmental matrices such soil which are exposed to large quantities. Three isolates from soil samples using enrichment culture technique have been isolated and grown in the minimal growth medium where Diazinon served as a sole carbon source (60 mg/l). Total three bacterial strains were screened for Diazinon degradation. The most active one was isolate BMNF7 (33% degradation. Lower degradation percentages were recorded for the two other isolates, BMRF3 and BMTF 8 (21-30%). The isolate BMNF7 was identified by morphological and biochemical studies as Bacillus sp. and identification was confirmed using 16srRNA. It was identified as Bacillus sefensis 7 and this isolate was able to degrade up to 63% of Diazinon (60 mg/l) in mineral salt medium (MSM) as a sole carbon source within 10 days of incubation. The bacterial growth and Diazinon degradation were accelerated when MSM supplemented with 0.75 (g/l) yeast extract and 0.5 g/l glucose as an additional carbon and nitrogen sources. The maximum degradation was obtained at pH 7 and 45oC after 10 days of incubation and using 4x10 6 CFU/ml as inoculum size. It was noticed that the best growth temperature was 37oC while the maximum degradation was at 45oC, meaning that high temperature increased degradation process. In conclusion the bacterial strains isolated from the agricultural soil, especially Bacillus species showed the ability to degrade Diazinon insecticide and optimization of growth conditions enhanced the percentage of degradation.
The Excavation of a Late Neolithic Enclosure at Marden, Wiltshire

Summary Excavations in 1969 within a 35-acre enclosure at Marden on the north bank of the River Avon in the Vale of Pewsey confirmed its association with the Grooved Ware ceramic style and its superficial resemblances to the Durrington Walls enclosure ten miles downstream. A survey of the enclosure produced an unusual plan bounded by a bank with an internal ditch and on the south side by the River Avon itself, whilst the position of the Hatfield Barrow was established by geophysical means. Within the north-entrance causeway a small circular timber structure was recorded in a comparable position to the much larger building at Durrington Walls.
(E)-5-Phenyl-N-(2-thienylmethylene)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-amine

In the title compound, C13H9N3S2, the thiophene and phenyl rings are oriented at dihedral angles of 8.00 (7) and 6.31 (7)°, respectively, with respect to the central thiadiazole ring. No significant C—H⋯S and π–π interactions exist in the crystal structure.
Load Balancing in Multiprocessor Systems

Abstract : We present an algorithm for dynamic load balancing in a multiprocessor system that minimizes the number of accesses to the shared memory. The algorithm assumes no information, probabilistic or otherwise, regarding task arrivals or processing requirements. For k processors to process n tasks, the algorithm incurs O(k log k log n) potential memory collisions in the worst case. The algorithm itself is a simple variation of the strategy of visiting the longest queue. The key idea is to delay reporting task arrivals and completions, where the delay is a function of dynamic loading conditions.
Integrated Safety Analysis Guidance Document

NRC publications in the NUREG series, NRC regulations, and ritle 10, Energy, in the Code of Federal Regulations may also be purchased from one of these two sources. Some publications in the NUREG series that are posted at NRC's Web site address www.nrc. gov/NRC/NUREGSfindexnum.html are updated periodically and may differ from the last printed version. Although references to material found on a Web site bear the date the material was accessed, the material available on the date cited may subsequently be removed from the site. Documents available from public and special technical libraries include all open literature items, such as books, joumal articles, and transactions, Federal Register notices, Federal and State legislation, and congressional reports. Such documents as theses, dissertations, foreign reports and translations, and non-NRC conference proceedings may be purchased from their sponsoring organization. Copies of industry codes and standards used in a substantive manner in the NRC regulatory process are maintained at-These standards are available in the library for reference use by the public. Codes and standards are usually copyrighted and may be purchased from the originating organization or, if they are American National Standards, from-Legally binding regulatory requirements are stated only in laws; NRC regulations; licenses, including technical specifications; or orders, not in NUREG-series publications. The views expressed in contractor-prepared publications in this series are not necessarily those of the NRC. The NUREG series comprises (1) technical and administrative reports and books prepared by the staff (NUREG-XXXX) or agency contractors (NUREGtCR-XXXX), (2) proceedings of conferences (NUREGICP-XXXX), (3) reports resulting from international agreements (NUREGJIA-XXXX), (4) brochures (NUREGIBR-XXXX), and (5) compilations of legal decisions and orders of the Commission and Atomic and Safety Licensing Boards and of Directors' decisions under Section 2.206 of NRC's regulations (NUREG-0750). ABSTRACT On September 18, 2000, the U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission published a final rule, 10 CFR Part 70, for licensing the use of special nuclear material. In this rule, NRC included a requirement that certain licensee/applicants subject to 10 CFR 70 conduct an integrated safety analysis (ISA). The purpose of this document is to provide general guidance to NRC fuel cycle licensee/applicants on how to perform an integrated safety analysis (ISA) and document the results. In particular, the document defines an ISA, identifies its role in a facility's safety program, identifies and describes several generally accepted ISA methods, and provides guidance in choosing a method. The approaches and methods described in this document …
Linear tendencies intrinsic to the Bouguer anomalies in areas of topographic relief

In quantitative interpretation of Bouguer anomalies zones of their (horizontal and anomalous) gradient are frequently delineated (e.g. Jacoby and Smilde, 2009, p. 254). The courses of these zones can be both linear and curved. Geologically, such features are usually associated either with fault tectonics or geological contacts, although there can be some limitations which have been pointed out by Grauch and Cordell (1987). Except of manual delineation of those zones directly in gravity maps, horizontal gradients are routinely calculated from these maps. In addition, numerical procedures exist which are based on calculated horizontal gradient maps (e.g. Blakely and Simpson, 1986). As well, there have been algorithms for vertical gravity gradient calculations (Evjen, 1936; Baranov, 1953; Ackerman and Dix, 1956; and others).
Marine diversity in the geological record and its relationship to surviving bedrock area, lithofacies diversity, and original marine shelf area

Biological principles suggest that recorded species diversity should increase as sampled area and habitat diversity increase. However, the interactions between Earth system drivers of these physical quantities, their representation in the preserved rock record, and fossil species counts are debated. We tracked marine bedrock area, lithofacies diversity, and echinoid species diversity through an 80 m.y. sea-level cycle, as recorded in the Cretaceous of the United Kingdom, to test these relationships. Relative completeness of the rock record rises during transgression but drops rapidly at maximum flooding and continues to fall during highstand. Lithofacies diversity peaks during transgression but drops sharply as maximum flooding is reached, whereas bedrock area peaks at maximum flooding then declines progressively through the highstand interval as a result of post-Cretaceous erosion. Both bedrock area and number of lithofacies units correlate with species diversity, but species diversity is predicted best by the two combined. There are no simple relationships between bedrock area and lithofacies diversity or the original area of marine sediments and range of habitats that once existed; these variables are strongly shaped by stratigraphic architecture. While the geological record left by a major sea-level cycle accurately captures the biological evolution of local communities, it is incomplete and systematically biased in its coverage of environments and communities. Erosional truncation of sediment packages and species ranges in the later stages of sea-level cycles explains the reported asymmetric relationship between macroevolution and macrostratigraphy.
Equifinality and uncertainty in physically based soil erosion models: Application of the glue methodology to WEPP-the water erosion prediction project-for sites in the UK and USA

Despite the wealth of soil erosion models available for the prediction of both runoff and soil loss at a variety of scales, little quantification is made of uncertainty and error associated with model output. This in part reflects the need to produce unequivocal or optimal results for the end user, which will often be an unrealistic goal. This paper presents a conceptually simple methodology, Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE), for assessing the degree of uncertainty surrounding output from a physically based soil erosion model, the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP). The ability not only to be explicit about model error but also to evaluate future improvements in parameter estimation, observed data or scientific understanding is demonstrated. This approach is applied to two sets of soil loss/runoff plot replicates, one in the UK and one in the USA. Although it is demonstrated that observations can be largely captured within uncertainty bounds, results indicate that these uncertainty bounds are often wide, reflecting the need to qualify results that derive from optimum parameter sets, and to accept the concept of equifinality within soil erosion models. Attention is brought to the problem of under-prediction of large events/over-prediction of small events, as an area where model improvements could be made, specifically in the case of relatively dry years. Finally it is proposed that such a technique of model evaluation be employed more widely within the discipline so as to aid the interpretation and understanding of complex model output.
High dams and marine-freshwater linkages in the Caribbean: effects on native and introduced fauna

Caribbean streams are dominated by a shrimp and fish assemblage for which amphidromy (eggs or larvae carried to the ocean followed by migration of juveniles upriver) is suspected. Effects of dams on this assemblage are likely to demonstrate complex interactions as a function of reproductive strategy and type of dam structure. Our goals were to determine 1) whether high dams reduce or eliminate stream corridor permeability with respect to migration, 2) the extent to which permeability is a function of spillway discharge, 3) the relative roles of native fauna and disturbance suppression (river regulation) as predictors of success of exotic fishes, and 4) the uniformity and extent of obligate amphidromy in this assemblage. We sampled adult and juvenile shrimps and fishes in Puerto Rican streams via electrofishing and sampled shrimp larvae with drift nets. Replicate streams and stream reaches were assigned to the following five categories: undammed, and either above or below dams, with or without water released over the spillways of the dams. Dams without spillway discharge were impermeable barriers that eliminated all native fish and shrimp fauna from upstream reaches. Dams with spillway discharge, although more permeable, had smaller populations of native species above these structures than below the dams or on undammed streams. Our data on adult and larval distributions, combined with the absence of first stage shrimp larvae, indicate that amphidromy is obligate for most of the native fauna. Disturbance regime appeared to be a poor predictor of successful invasion of exotics, whereas exotic abundance was consistently inversely related to abundance and species richness of native fauna across all sampling categories. The prevalent amphidromy in these streams provides a tight marine-upland linkage that
Future Changes in Floods and Water Availability across China: Linkage with Changing Climate and Uncertainties

AbstractFuture changes in floods and water availability across China under representative concentration pathway 2.6 (RCP2.6) and RCP8.5 are studied by analyzing discharge simulations from the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP) with the consideration of uncertainties among global climate models (GCMs) and hydrologic models. Floods and water availability derived from ISI-MIP simulations are compared against observations. The uncertainties among models are quantified by model agreement. Only model agreement >50% is considered to generate reliable projections of floods and water availability and their relationships with climate change. The results show five major points. First, ISI-MIP simulations have acceptable ability in modeling floods and water availability. The spatial patterns of changes in floods and water availability highly depend on the outputs of GCMs. Uncertainties from GCMs/hydrologic models predominate the uncertainties in the wet/dry areas in eastern/northwestern Chi.
Frequency‐magnitude distribution of microearthquakes beneath the 9°50′N region of the East Pacific Rise, October 2003 through April 2004

Relocated hypocentral data from a 7‐month deployment (October 2003 to April 2004) of ocean bottom seismometers provide an opportunity to map microearthquake frequency‐magnitude distributions (FMDs) along the 9°49–52′N region on the East Pacific Rise. These analyses, which incorporate more than 9000 earthquakes, represent the first investigation of the 3‐D spatial and temporal patterns of FMDs along any mid‐ocean ridge spreading center. The data are described well by a Gutenberg‐Richter model, indicating a power law or fractal relationship between earthquake size and frequency. The scaling exponent, or b value, shows significant spatial variability, exceeding a value of 2.0 at the shallowest depths on axis and dropping below 1.0 away from the axial trough. This spatial pattern is consistent with an inverse relationship between b value and ambient stress conditions, with the lowest stress levels at shallow depths and relatively high stress levels (or low pore pressures) observed away from the axial zone. Intermediate b values are observed on‐axis above the ridge system's melt lens; however, within this region there also exists significant spatial variability. This indicates that stress conditions and/or structural heterogeneity may vary at subkilometer scales within the hydrothermal circulation cell. Although the observational period is characterized by increasing seismicity rates, building toward an eruptive episode in January 2006, the first‐order spatial pattern of b values is sustained, with no overall temporal trend. As a byproduct of this b value analysis, the detection capabilities of the array are assessed empirically.
Stresses and strains in a twisted subduction zone—Fiordland, New Zealand

Summary In the Fiordland region of the South Island of New Zealand, the subducted Australian Plate steepens from south to north, becoming near-vertical below 75 km depth between Doubtful and Milford Sounds. This steepening is accompanied by a sharp change in strike of the subduction zone of about 17°. Here we investigate stress and strain in this twisted subduction zone using earthquakes recorded during a three-month deployment of 24 portable digital seismographs. We determine focal mechanisms of 115 earthquakes of ML 2.5–4.5 using both first motion polarity data and amplitudes of seismogram envelopes. We also invert for the stress tensor orientation for regions within both the subducted and overlying plates, using a method which invokes the Coulomb failure criterion and considers all P wave first motions together, regardless of whether or not they are sufficient to define single event focal mechanisms. Focal mechanisms and stress inversions for earthquakes in the overlying plate indicate normal faulting shallower than 16 km and thrust faulting at greater depths. This stress and strain regime is related to the 17° change in strike of the subduction zone, which leads to an arching up of the subducted plate at the bend. Such arching is consistent with the exposure of lower crustal granulite facies rocks near the bend. Earthquakes in the subducted plate show predominantly normal faulting relative to the plate. Arrival time inversions for 3-D seismic velocity structure indicate that a zone of high Vp (>8.5 km s−1) in the uppermost mantle of the overlying plate abuts the vertical portion of the subduction zone. Stresses and strains in the subducted plate are consistent with a model in which the sharp change in strike of the subduction zone is a consequence of the obliquely converging subducted plate having to bend around this zone. The steep dip of the subducted plate to the north appears to be a natural consequence of the minimization of membrane stress in the plate arising from the sharp bend along strike. This mechanism for steepening the plate is quite different to that of trench retreat usually used to explain steep subduction.
On Uniformization of Compact Kahler Manifolds with Negative First Chern Class by Bounded Symmetric Domains

Faculty of Science Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Master of Science On Uniformization of Compact Kähler Manifolds with Negative First Chern Class by Bounded Symmetric Domains by Daniel Mckenzie We consider two complementary problems: given a compact Kähler manifold with negative first Chern Class, when is its universal cover a Bounded Symmetric Domain? And if it is, which Bounded Symmetric Domain is it? Existing literature is discussed, with particular attention given to two recent papers of Catanese and Di Scala ([CDS12] and [CDS]) which answer both questions first for Bounded Symmetric Domains of Tube Type, and then for all Bounded Symmetric Domains without Ball Factors. Using work of Yau and others on ball quotients we extend the main result of [CDS] to all bounded Symmetric Domains, including those with ball factors, thus answering the two questions posed in full generality. This version contains corrections made on the request of the external examiner.
Intrusion Detection using an Ensemble of Classification Methods

 Abstract—one of the major developments in machine learning in the past decade is the ensemble method, which finds highly accurate classifier by combining many moderately accurate component classifiers. This paper addresses using an ensemble of classification methods for intrusion detection. Due to increasing incidents of cyber attacks, building effective intrusion detection systems are essential for protecting information systems security, and yet it remains an elusive goal and a great challenge. In this research work, new hybrid classification method is proposed using classifiers in a heterogeneous environment using arcing classifier and their performances are analyzed in terms of accuracy. A Classifier ensemble is designed using a Radial Basis Function (RBF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Here, modified training sets are formed by resampling from original training set; classifiers
U-series Dating of Huanglong Cave,a Paleolithic Site at Yunxi,Hubei Province

Huanglong Cave is located at Yunxi County,Hubei Province in central China.Three excavations between 2004 and 2006 lead to the discovery of seven human teeth,dozens of stone and bone artifacts and other evidence of hominin activities.The mammalian fossils represent the Middle-Late Pleistocene "Ailuropoda-Stegodon" fauna commonly found in southern China.Judging by morphological and metric features,the human teeth should be classified as modern Homo sapiens.The deposits inside the cave are divided into five layers.All of the hominin teeth and artifacts,and most of the mammalian fossils were unearthed from the deposits of Layer 3 at Region 1 located ca.100m from the cave entrance and intercalated by flowstone layers,from which four relatively pure and dense calcite samples were taken.Here we report the results of U-series dating of these samples with conventional α spectrometry.A small stalagmite that developed on a flowstone layer beneath Layer 3 gives an age of ~100ka BP.A thin flowstone layer intercalated in the upper part of the deposits dates to ~77ka BP.Two calcite samples taken from the capping flowstone indicate its formation between 57—27ka BP.This paper reports also the U-series dates on four rhinoceros teeth that fall within the range 35—72ka BP,which is consistent with dates on speleothem samples.The excavators claimed that the deposits inside the cave exhibit a relatively simple and consistent stratigraphic sequence.If so,the human teeth and stone artifacts,recovered from the lowest section of Layer 3,should be bracketed in the range of 100 and 77ka BP.This conclusion is in support of a much earlier presence of modern H.sapiens in Asia than previously thought,in particular before the Younger Toba eruption at 74ka BP.Even considering the fact that the samples for dating were not collected during the excavations and that generally the stratigraphy of cave deposits tends to be quite complicated,the human fossils from Huanglong Cave should be emplaced before the formation of capping flowstone at 57ka BP,much older than the fossils from Tianyuan Cave at Zhoukoudian,which is widely accepted as the oldest representative of modern H.sapiens in China.The results of this paper indicate that humans lived in China in the so-called "temporal gap" of 100—40ka BP.