Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microstructural origin of resistance–strain hysteresis in carbon nanotube thin film conductors

Significance An essential building block for stretchable electronics, the enabler of novel wearable and biological technologies, is stretchable conductors that can maintain good electrical conductivity under large deformation. A widely used approach to meet this need is to use a network of 1D nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, as a thin film on a stretchable substrate. When these networks are subjected to stretching and unloading cycles, electrical resistance shows a hysteretic dependence on strain, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. We have answered this question by combining computer simulations, analytic modeling, and experiments, finding that the hysteretic resistance–strain relationship is controlled by a single microstructural parameter ξ, the ratio of the mean projected carbon nanotube length over the film length. A basic need in stretchable electronics for wearable and biomedical technologies is conductors that maintain adequate conductivity under large deformation. This challenge can be met by a network of one-dimensional (1D) conductors, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or silver nanowires, as a thin film on top of a stretchable substrate. The electrical resistance of CNT thin films exhibits a hysteretic dependence on strain under cyclic loading, although the microstructural origin of this strain dependence remains unclear. Through numerical simulations, analytic models, and experiments, we show that the hysteretic resistance evolution is governed by a microstructural parameter ξ (the ratio of the mean projected CNT length over the film length) by showing that ξ is hysteretic with strain and that the resistance is proportional to ξ−2. The findings are generally applicable to any stretchable thin film conductors consisting of 1D conductors with much lower resistance than the contact resistance in the high-density regime.
CloudMe forensics: A case of big data forensic investigation

The significant increase in the volume, variety, and velocity of data complicates cloud forensic efforts, and such (big) evidential data will, at some point, become too (computationally) expensive to be fully identified, collected, and analysed in a timely manner. Thus, it is important for digital forensic practitioners to have an up‐to‐date knowledge of relevant data artefacts that could be forensically recovered from the cloud product under investigation. In this paper, CloudMe, a popular cloud storage service, is studied. The types and locations of the artefacts relating to the installation and uninstallation of CloudMe client application, logging in and out, and file synchronization events from the computer desktop and mobile clients are described. Findings from this research will also help inform future development of tools and techniques (e.g., data mining techniques) for cloud‐enabled big data endpoint forensics investigation.
Automatic detecting anthropometric landmarks based on spin image

In this paper, we present a method to detect anthropometric landmarks on 3D human scans automatically. Our method is a template-based approach, which builds correspondences between instance models and a template model. Spin images are used to construct the similarity measure, which represents the shape features parametrically. A vertex on the instance model will be regarded as the landmark when its similarity measure against a corresponding landmark on the template model is of maximum value. Normal variation and bounding boxes are employed to speed up the comparison of spin images. The algorithm is verified on scanned human bodies with various shapes. Forty-seven landmarks are detected on the instance body. The results show that most landmarks are found accurately. Furthermore, we demonstrate the implementation of using our detected landmarks in automatic body measurement.
Monaural Singing Voice Separation with Skip-Filtering Connections and Recurrent Inference of Time-Frequency Mask

Singing voice separation based on deep learning relies on the usage of time-frequency masking. In many cases the masking process is not a learnable function or is not encapsulated into the deep learning optimization. Consequently, most of the existing methods rely on a post processing step using the generalized Wiener filtering. This work proposes a method that learns and optimizes (during training) a source-dependent mask and does not need the aforementioned post processing step. We introduce a recurrent inference algorithm, a sparse transformation step to improve the mask generation process, and a learned denoising filter. Obtained results show an increase of 0.49 dB for the signal to distortion ratio and 0.30 dB for the signal to interference ratio, compared to previous state-of-the-art approaches for monaural singing voice separation.
Heavy snorer disease: from snoring to the sleep apnea syndrome--an overview.

This short review discusses the clinical, pathophysiological and epidemiological aspects of heavy snorer disease. Snoring and obstructive apneas constitute the end points of the same syndrome, i.e. an enhancement in upper airway resistance during sleep. Obstructive apneas, and possibly snoring, are risk factors of chronic arterial hypertension.
Role for the Salmonella Flavohemoglobin in Protection from Nitric Oxide*

Hemoglobin homologs are being identified in an expanding number of unicellular prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Many of these hemoglobins are twodomain proteins that possess a flavin-containing reductase in their C terminus. Determination of a function for these flavohemoglobins has been elusive. ASalmonella typhimurium strain harboring a deletion in the flavohemoglobin gene shows no difference in growth under oxidative stress conditions but displays an increased sensitivity to acidified nitrite and S-nitrosothiols, both of which produce nitric oxide. The effect is seen aerobically or anaerobically, indicating that oxygen is not required for flavohemoglobin function. These results suggest a role for the bacterial flavohemoglobins that is independent of oxygen metabolism and provide evidence for a bacterial route of protection from nitric oxide that is distinct from oxidative stress responses.
Cardiorespiratory fitness moderates the effect of an affect-guided physical activity prescription: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Abstract Physical activity (PA) interventions have a clear role in promoting mental health. Current PA guidelines directed toward specific PA intensities may have negative effects on affective response to exercise, and affective response is an important determinant of PA adherence. In this randomized trial of 67 previously inactive adults, we compared the effects of a PA prescription emphasizing the maintenance of positive affect to one emphasizing a target heart rate, and tested the extent to which the effect of the affect-guided prescription on PA is moderated by cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). We found the effect of an affect-guided prescription was significantly moderated by CRF. At one week, for participants with lower CRF (i.e. poor conditioning), the affect-guided prescription resulted in significantly greater change in PA minutes (M = 240.8) than the heart rate-guided prescription (M = 165.7), reflecting a moderate-sized effect (d = .55). For those with higher CRF (i.e. good conditioning), the means were in the opposite direction but not significantly different. At one month, the same pattern emerged but the interaction was not significant. We discuss the implications of these findings for the type of PA prescriptions offered to individuals in need.
MOSTPC: Performance of a Massive Oblique Space-Time-Polarization Precoding System over Ricean-K Fading Channel

In this paper, we address the interference problem caused by the cross-polarization components in a massive dualpolarized MIMO (DP-MIMO) system over Ricean-K fading Channel. To effectively suppress the interference, a novel precoding design based on oblique projection is proposed. Furthermore, compared with an Nt × Nr uni-polarized MIMO (UP- MIMO), Nt×Nr DP-MIMO can maintain the same diversity order while achieve twice the multiplexing gain of UP-MIMO in symbol error rate (SER) performance by using the proposed precoding design. The expression of the moment generation function (MGF) of signal noise ratio (SNR) for the proposed scheme is derived, and an analytical expression of SER with M-ary phase-shift keying (M-PSK) modulation is obtained. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated through extensive numerical results.
Block- and Rank-Sparse Recovery for Direction Finding in Partly Calibrated Arrays

A sparse recovery approach for direction finding in partly calibrated arrays composed of subarrays with unknown displacements is introduced. The proposed method is based on mixed nuclear norm and $\ell _1$ norm minimization and exploits block-sparsity and low-rank structure in the signal model. For efficient implementation a compact equivalent problem reformulation is presented. The new technique is applicable to subarrays of arbitrary topologies and grid-based sampling of the subarray manifolds. In the special case of subarrays with a common baseline our new technique admits extension to a gridless implementation. As shown by simulations, our new block- and rank-sparse direction finding technique for partly calibrated arrays outperforms the state of the art method RARE in difficult scenarios of low sample numbers, low signal-to-noise ratio, or correlated signals.
Effect of dental plaque on fluoride uptake by enamel from a sodium fluoride varnish in vivo.

Fluoride uptake by enamel from a sodium fluoride varnish (Duraphat®) in cleaned and plaque-covered central incisors of 55 children aged 14–16 was determined using the etching technique. 3 weeks after the application, fluoride content in the enamel was significantly increased by the varnish. No significant difference in fluoride uptake was found between the cleaned and uncleaned teeth.
Domestic violence: a hidden barrier to contraceptive use among women in Nigeria

Background The nonuse of family planning methods remains a major public health concern in the low-and-middle-income countries, especially due to its impact on unwanted pregnancy, high rate of abortion, and transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. Various demographic and socioeconomic factors have been reported to be associated with the nonuse of family planning methods. In the present study, we aimed at assessing the influence of domestic violence (DV) on contraceptive use among ever married women in Nigeria. Methods Data on 22,275 women aged between 15 and 49 years were collected from the most recent Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2013. The outcome variable was contraceptive utilization status, and the main exposure variable was DV, which was assessed by the self-reported experience of physical and psychological abuse. Complex survey method was employed to account for the multistage design of the survey. Data analyses were performed by using bivariate and multivariable techniques. Results The mean age of the participants was 31.33±8.26. More than four fifths (84%) of the participants reported that they were not using any contraceptive methods at all. Lifetime prevalence of psychological and physical abuse was, respectively, 19.0% (95% CI =18.0–20.1) and 14.1% (95% CI =13.3–14.9). Women who reported physical abuse were 28% (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =1.275; 95% CI =1.030–1.578), and those reported both physical and psychological abuse had 52% (AOR =1.520; 95% CI =1.132–2.042) higher odds of not using any contraception. Conclusion The rate of contraception nonuse was considerably high and was found to be significantly associated with DV. Thus, the high prevalence of DV may compromise the effectiveness of the family planning programs in the long run. Evidence-based intervention strategies should be developed to protect the health and reproductive rights of the vulnerable women and to reduce DV by giving the issue a wider recognition in public policy making.
Tailoring and Targeting a Worksite Health Promotion Program to Address Multiple Health Behaviors among Blue-Collar Women

Purpose. This study examined the relationship between health risks, health behaviors, stages-of-change, and behavior change priorities among blue-collar women participating in a worksite health promotion study. Design. Cross-sectional. Setting. Rural manufacturing worksites in North Carolina. Subjects. Participants were 859 women aged 18 and over. Measures. The self-administered questionnaire assessed smoking, exercise, nutrition (fat, fruits, and vegetables), and breast and cervical cancer screening behaviors. In addition, demographics, body weight, perceived health, stages-of-change, and priority for behavior change were measured. Chi-square tests and regression analysis were used to assess statistical significance. Results. Overall, 28% of women smoked, 37% were completely sedentary, 82% consumed less than five daily servings of fruits and vegetables, and the majority were overweight. The dominant stage of change for each of the lifestyle behaviors was contemplation, whereas most women were in the action stage for cancer screening. When asked to prioritize the behavior they most wanted to change, the majority of women chose healthy eating and/or exercise. Conclusions. The findings suggest that blue-collar women in this study had multiple health risks and were interested in changing multiple health behaviors. Allowing women to choose the behavior(s) on which they are ready to focus may be a promising approach to tailoring interventions for this population.
Letter by Jin-shan and Xue-bin Regarding Article, "Physiology of Angina and Its Alleviation With Nitroglycerin: Insights From Invasive Catheter Laboratory Measurements During Exercise".

We read with great interest the article presented by Asrress and colleagues1 about the physiology of angina and its alleviation with nitroglycerin (NTG), which characterizes intracoronary physiological behavior of coronary stenosis during exercise before and after NTG and explains the physiological consequences directly related to angina relief (reducing …
Insights into the Structural Basis of Antibody Affinity Maturation from Next-Generation Sequencing

Affinity maturation is the process whereby the immune system generates antibodies of higher affinities during a response to antigen. It is unique in being the only evolutionary mechanism known to operate on a molecule in an organism’s own body. Deciphering the structural mechanisms through which somatic mutations in antibody genes increase affinity is critical to understanding the evolution of immune repertoires. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has allowed the reconstruction of antibody clonal lineages in response to viral pathogens, such as HIV-1, which was not possible in earlier studies of affinity maturation. Crystal structures of antibodies from these lineages bound to their target antigens have revealed, at the atomic level, how antibodies evolve to penetrate the glycan shield of envelope glycoproteins, and how viruses in turn evolve to escape neutralization. Collectively, structural studies of affinity maturation have shown that increased antibody affinity can arise from any one or any combination of multiple diverse mechanisms, including improved shape complementarity at the interface with antigen, increased buried surface area upon complex formation, additional interfacial polar or hydrophobic interactions, and preorganization or rigidification of the antigen-binding site.
Effect of Wet Storage on High Yield Pulping with H2O2-CoSO4

In this paper, the effect of residual chlorine of hypochlorite (H) on high yield pulping with H2O2/CoSO4 of wet stored bagasse was studied. Compared with control sample, the pulp of the bagasse wetstored with H or Ho (without residual chlorine) bleaching waste water had better pulping yield and strength, but the pulp optical property was lost seriously. If it had no requirement on the brightness, the wet storage with H or Ho bleaching waste water was a good method to improve the pulp strength and save clean water. In addition, the wet storage of bagasse using the H bleaching waste water without residual chlorine, the pulping properties was more stable than that of the wet storage using H bleaching waste water with residual chlorine. To the wetstorage with Ho bleaching waste water, the ideal treatment time was 16day.
Thermoacclimation and genome adaptation of the membrane lipidome in marine Synechococcus

The marine cyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus are important primary producers, displaying a wide latitudinal distribution that is underpinned by diversification into temperature ecotypes. The physiological basis underlying these ecotypes is poorly known. In many organisms, regulation of membrane fluidity is crucial for acclimating to variations in temperature. Here, we reveal the detailed composition of the membrane lipidome of the model strain Synechococcus sp. WH7803 and its response to temperature variation. Unlike freshwater strains, membranes are almost devoid of C18, mainly containing C14 and C16 chains with no more than two unsaturations. In response to cold, we observed a rarely observed process of acyl chain shortening that likely induces membrane thinning, along with specific desaturation activities. Both of these mechanisms likely regulate membrane fluidity, facilitating the maintenance of efficient photosynthetic activity. A comprehensive examination of 53 Synechococcus genomes revealed clade-specific gene sets regulating membrane lipids. In particular, the genes encoding desaturase enzymes, which is a key to the temperature stress response, appeared to be temperature ecotype-specific, with some of them originating from lateral transfers. Our study suggests that regulation of membrane fluidity has been among the important adaptation processes for the colonization of different thermal niches by marine Synechococcus.
Indian Medicinal Plants Used in Liver disease: A Short Review

Abstract Liver disease is one of the serious health problems. Herbal drugs play a major role in the treatment of hepatic disorders. In the absence of reliable liver hepatoprotective drugs in modern medicine, in India a number of medicinal plants and their formulations are used to cure hepatic disorders in traditional system of medicines In Himalayan region there are many plants which are use in liver diseases. In this review, Indian medicinal plants having hepatoprotective property are summarized in terms of their biological source, active constituents and biological activity.
Correlation between Microstructural Stability and Tensile Properties of FSWed Al-Mg-Mn Cast Plate during Subsequent Thermal Exposure

Al-Mg-Mn cast plate was friction stir welded at different rotational speeds for studying the thermal stability of FSWed specimen. As-FSWed specimens possessed a typical fine grain structure, 5.5 μm at 450 rpm, 9.5 μm at 650 rpm and 12.8 μm at 850 rpm could be acquired. But for the specimens as raised up the rotational speed to 850–1650 rpm exerts little effect to the coarsening of grain size. On the other hand, a subsequent thermal exposure from 350 to 500°C for FSWed specimens will cause significant growth of fine dynamic recrystallization grains, especially as the rotational speed decreased to 450 rpm for the fixed traverse speed, 0.55 mm/s. Tensile properties revealed that extreme grain growth after thermal exposure at 500°C deteriorated the workability of the weld zone. It should be noted that a stored energy release by 300°C pre-annealing heat treatment was beneficial for avoiding extra grain coarsening. In this study, the optimum rotational speed for improving tensile properties pertaining to microstructural thermal stability could be recognized as 850 rpm.
Effect of active oxygen species on intimal proliferation in rat aorta after arterial injury.

Proliferation and migration of vascular smooth-muscle cells (VSMCs) are essential events in neointimal hyperplasia. Recent findings that active oxygen species induce pro-oncogene expression, and stimulate VSMC DNA synthesis and cell division, suggest that active oxygen species may play an important role in intimal proliferation after arterial injury. To determine how the redox state of the artery was altered by injury, the levels of thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances (TBARs, markers of lipid oxidation) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX, the enzyme responsible for the production of glutathione, a major intracellular antioxidant) were measured in the rat aorta after balloon injury. There was an inverse relationship between the level of TBARs, which increased significantly to a maximum 17% greater than normal at 10 days after injury (p<0.05, n=7), and the activity of GSH-PX, which decreased significantly to a minimum 36.5% less than normal at 10 days after injury (p<0.05, n=7). To determine whether maintaining a more reduced vessel environment would inhibit intimal proliferation, L-cysteine was administered by intraperitoneal injection from 3 days before to 14 days after balloon injury. At 14 days after the arterial injury, the aorta was harvested for histological and morphometric measurements of TBARs and GSH-PX. At 7 and 14 days after balloon injury, the aorta was harvested for [3H]thymidine incorporation studies. Efficacy of therapy was demonstrated by a significant decrease in the level of TBARs and an increase in the activity of GSH-PX (p<0.05 vs. the control group, n=7). In the L-cysteine group, all parameters of intimal proliferation were significantly reduced compared to the controls, including the intima:media ratio (0.091 vs. 0.253, p<0.05); the cross-sectional area of the neointima (0.0563 compared to 0.140 mm2, p<0.05), coverage of the internal elastic lamina by the neointima (23.44 compared to 43.27%, p<0.05), and [3H]thymidine incorporation (at 7 days 240.58 vs 350.68 cpm/mg tissue, p<0.05; at 14 days 181.71 vs. 275.30 cpm/mg tissue, p<0.05). These results demonstrate dynamic alterations in the vessel redox state after arterial injury, and suggest that maintaining a more reduced environment (e.g. administration of L-cysteine) will reduce intimal proliferation after arterial injury.
Introduction to Vapour Phase Corrosion Inhibitors in Metal Packaging

Abstract For a compound to be classified as a volatile corrosion inhibitor (VCI), it must possess two basic properties: volatility and ability of the vapour to retard the corrosion rate. VCIs can be used in cases where other protection methods are not feasible or when protection could be very expensive. Usually, most organic compounds giving inhibitive action against corrosion of metals have one or more electronegative atoms (e. g. oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur) in the form of functional groups and/or have an unsaturated bond. Inhibitors for atmospheric corrosion can be used economically only in enclosed spaces. When metal items are in transit, the following protection methods should be considered: protective oils, water or oil based formulations and/or protective packaging. In the manufacture and use of corrosion inhibitors and their products (e.g.VCI paper), workers are occupationally exposed to various chemicals, noise and elevated air temperatures. The concentrations of chemicals in workplace air are dependent on the manufacturing process and equipment used. It is recommended that any plant processing VCIs should have good processing equipment and ventilation. Workers should wear protective clothing, safety glasses and gloves when handling VCI products.