Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visual Specification of Queries for Finding Patterns in Time-Series Data (2001)

Widespread interest in discovering features and trends in timeseries has generated a need for tools that support interactive exploration.This paper introduces timeboxes: a powerful graphical, directmanipulation metaphor for the specification of queries over time-series datasets. Our TimeFinder implementation of timeboxes supports interactive formulation and modification of queries, thus speeding the process of exploring time-series data sets and guiding data mining. TimeFinder includes windows for timebox queries, individual time-series, and details-on-demand. Other features include drag-and-drop support for query-by-example and graphical envelopes for displaying the extent of the entire data set and result set from a given query. Extensions involving increased expressive power and general temporal data sets are discussed.
RiceFOX: A Database of Arabidopsis Mutant Lines Overexpressing Rice Full-Length cDNA that Contains a Wide Range of Trait Information to Facilitate Analysis of Gene Function

Identification of gene function is important not only for basic research but also for applied science, especially with regard to improvements in crop production. For rapid and efficient elucidation of useful traits, we developed a system named FOX hunting (Full-length cDNA Over-eXpressor gene hunting) using full-length cDNAs (fl-cDNAs). A heterologous expression approach provides a solution for the high-throughput characterization of gene functions in agricultural plant species. Since fl-cDNAs contain all the information of functional mRNAs and proteins, we introduced rice fl-cDNAs into Arabidopsis plants for systematic gain-of-function mutation. We generated >30,000 independent Arabidopsis transgenic lines expressing rice fl-cDNAs (rice FOX Arabidopsis mutant lines). These rice FOX Arabidopsis lines were screened systematically for various criteria such as morphology, photosynthesis, UV resistance, element composition, plant hormone profile, metabolite profile/fingerprinting, bacterial resistance, and heat and salt tolerance. The information obtained from these screenings was compiled into a database named ‘RiceFOX’. This database contains around 18,000 records of rice FOX Arabidopsis lines and allows users to search against all the observed results, ranging from morphological to invisible traits. The number of searchable items is approximately 100; moreover, the rice FOX Arabidopsis lines can be searched by rice and Arabidopsis gene/protein identifiers, sequence similarity to the introduced rice fl-cDNA and traits. The RiceFOX database is available at http://ricefox.psc. riken.jp/.
Spousal Control and Intra-household Decision Making: An Experimental Study in the Philippines

I elicit causal effects of spousal observability and communication on financial choices of married individuals in the Philippines. When choices are private, men put money into their personal accounts. When choices are observable, men commit money to consumption for their own benefit. When required to communicate, men put money into their wives' account. These strong treatment effects on men, but not women, appear related more to control than to gender: men whose wives control household savings respond more strongly to the treatment and women whose husbands control savings exhibit the same response. Changes in information and communication interact with underlying control to produce mutable gender-specific outcomes. (JEL D13, D14, J12, J16, O15)
Recruitment of Complement Factor H-Like Protein 1 Promotes Intracellular Invasion by Group A Streptococci

ABSTRACT Numerous microbial pathogens exploit complement regulatory proteins such as factor H (FH) and factor H-like protein 1 (FHL-1) for immune evasion. Fba is an FHL-1 and FH binding protein expressed on the surface of the human pathogenic bacterium, Streptococcus pyogenes, a common agent of pharyngeal, skin, and soft-tissue infections. In the present study, we demonstrate that Fba and FHL-1 work in concert to promote invasion of epithelial cells by S. pyogenes. Fba fragments were expressed as recombinant proteins and assayed for binding of FHL-1 and FH by Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and surface plasmon resonance. A binding site for FHL-1 and FH was localized to the N-terminal half of Fba, a region predicted to contain a coiled-coil domain. Deletion of this coiled-coil domain greatly reduced FHL-1 and FH binding. PepSpot analyses identified a 16-amino-acid segment of Fba which overlaps the coiled-coil domain that binds both FHL-1 and FH. To localize the Fba binding site in FHL-1 and FH, surface plasmon resonance was used to assess the interactions between the streptococcal protein and a series of recombinant FH deletion constructs. The Fba binding site was localized to short consensus repeat 7 (SCR 7), a domain common to FHL-1 and FH. SCR 7 contains a heparin binding site, and heparin was found to inhibit FHL-1 binding to Fba. FHL-1 promoted entry of Fba+ group A streptococci into epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner but did not affect invasion by an isogenic fba mutant. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a bacterial pathogen exploiting a soluble complement regulatory protein for entry into host cells.
Secure Key Generation in Sensor Networks Based on Frequency-Selective Channels

Key management in wireless sensor networks faces several unique challenges. The scale, resource limitations, and new threats such as node capture suggest the use of in-network key generation. However, the cost of such schemes is often high because their security is based on computational complexity. Recently, several research contributions justified experimentally that the wireless channel itself can be used to generate information-theoretic secure keys. By exchanging sampling messages during device movement, a bit string is derived known only to the two involved entities. Yet, movement is not the only option to generate randomness: the channel response strongly depends on the signal frequency as well. In this work, we introduce a key generation protocol based on the frequency-selectivity of multipath fading channels. The practical advantage of this approach is that it does not require device movement during key establishment. Thus the frequent case of a sensor network with static nodes is supported. We show the protocol's applicability by implementing it on MICAz motes, and evaluating its robustness and security through experiments and analysis. The error correction property of the protocol mitigates the effects of measurement errors and temporal effects, giving rise to an agreement rate of over 97 %.
Long‐term developments in Her X‐1: Correlation between the histories of the 35 day turn‐on cycle and the 1.24 sec pulse period

We have studied the long‐term (1971–2005) behaviour of the 1.24 sec pulse period and the 35 day precession period of Her X‐1 and show that both periods vary in a highly correlated way (see also Staubert et al. 1997 and 2000). When the spin‐up rate decreases, the 35 day turn‐on period shortens. This correlation is most evident on long time scales (∼2000 days), e.g., around four extended spin‐down episodes, but also on shorter time scales (a few 100 days) on which quasi‐periodic variations are apparent. We argue that the likely common cause is variations of the mass accretion rate onto the neutron star. The data since 1991 allow a continuous sampling and indicate a lag between the turn‐on behaviour and the spin behaviour, in the sense that changes are first seen in the spin, about one cycle later in the turn‐on. Both the coronal wind model (Schandl & Meyer 1994) as well as the stream‐disk model (Shakura et al. 1999) predict this kind of behaviour.
Effects of puff-adder venom on coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet aggregation in the baboon.

The in vitro and in vivo haematological effects of puffadder ( Bitis arietans ) venom in the baboon ( Papio ursinus ) with regard to its effect on coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet aggregation were studied. There is a delay in the intrinsic coagulation mechanism with fibrinolysis and in vitro fibrinogenolysis. Normal human platelets demonstrated an extreme susceptibility to puff-adder venom in vitro . The aggregation of platelets with small dosages of venom was irreversible. The effect is related to the dosage, and appears to be the result of multiple enzyme activities, some of which are heat-labile. In minimal amounts there is evidence of consumption of blood coagulation factors with sustained thrombocytopenia, but no fibrinolysis, where heparin therapy might have a beneficial effect. With larger dosages of venom the thrombocytopenia, haemorrhagic effects and shock are not prevented or corrected by heparin and heparinisation might even be harmful. The effect of heparin should be further investigated, since it might have a place in mildly affected cases of snakebite, where absorption into the blood has been slow or intermittent. It might be indicated when antivenene is not available or when patients are sensitive to serum. S. Afr. Med. J . , 48, 1205 (1974).
Two Dynamic Fracture Problems Concerning Bridging Fiber Pull-Out of Composite Materials

By means of the built dynamic fracture model of bridging fiber pull-out of composite materials, the problems considered will be transformed into Riemann-Hilbert problem in terms of the theory of complex functions. Analytical solutions of the stresses displacements, dynamic stress intensity factors, strain energy release rate and bridging fibrous fracture speeds under the conditions of an moving increasing loads, Pt/x, Px2/t, respectively, can be facilely obtained by the approaches of self-similar functions. After those solutions were utilized by superposition theorem, the solutions of arbitrary complex problems can be attained.
[Acute oliguric renal failure in hypoxic neonates born at full term].

INTRODUCTION Acute renal failure (ARF) is a frequent clinical condition in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The leading cause of neonatal ARF is perinatal asphyxia (PS). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the degree of PS and the severity of ARF in term neonates. METHODS A prospective survey of 31 term neonates with Ps and but without congenital malformations or sepsis was performed in NICU of the regional Hospital of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Belgrade (average number of deliveries about 6000 per year). ARF was diagnosed in the first 7 days of life when plasma creatinine was above 133 mumol/L for at least 48 hours while maternal renal function was normal. The degree of PS was determined according to Apgar score (AS) at 1 min. The severe PS was defined as AS < 3 and moderate PS as AS 4-6. RESULTS Twenty neonates (64%) had oliguric ARF with urine output of 0.37 +/- 0.16 ml/kg/h while the others had nonoliguric ARF with urine output of 2.4 +/- 0.7 ml/kg/h. Most of neonates with oliguric ARF (65%) had severe perinatal asphyxia while in those with nonoliguric ARF moderate perinatal asphyxia predominated (73%). DISCUSSION During hypoxic-ischaemic events many organs are injured, and the most vulnerable ones are kidneys and central nervous system. Our results showed a strong connection between perinatal asphyxia and A, which was in accordance with the results of other studies. Neonates with severe perinatal asphyxia had serious impairment of renal function, which was confirmed with strong correlation between Apgar score and plasma creatinine. In neonates with oliguric ARF, but not in those with nonliguric ARF, the highly positive linear correlations were found between AS and urinary output (r = 0.77; p < 0.01), plasma creatinine (r = 0.78; p < 0.01), fractional excretion of sodium (r = 0.76; p < 0.01), and index of renal failure (r = 0.80; p < 0.01). Only in oliguric neonates with severe perinatal asphyxia (31%) the outcome was fatal. CONCLUSION We conclude that in tgerm neonates with severe perinatal asphyxia oliguric ARF was the predominant type of ARF. There is a good prediction of the severity of oliguric ARF according to the degree of perinatal asphyxia determined by Apgar score at 1 min.
Understanding the evolution of Type-3 clones: An exploratory study

Understanding the evolution of clones is important both for understanding the maintenance implications of clones and building a robust clone management system. To this end, researchers have already conducted a number of studies to analyze the evolution of clones, mostly focusing on Type-1 and Type-2 clones. However, although there are a significant number of Type-3 clones in software systems, we know a little how they actually evolve. In this paper, we perform an exploratory study on the evolution of Type-1, Type-2, and Type-3 clones in six open source software systems written in two different programming languages and compare the result with a previous study to better understand the evolution of Type-3 clones. Our results show that although Type-3 clones are more likely to change inconsistently, the absolute number of consistently changed Type-3 clone classes is higher than that of Type-1 and Type-2. Type-3 clone classes also have a lifespan similar to that of Type-1 and Type-2 clones. In addition, a considerable number of Type-1 and Type-2 clones convert into Type-3 clones during evolution. Therefore, it is important to manage type-3 clones properly to limit their negative impact. However, various automated clone management techniques such as notifying developers about clone changes or linked editing should be chosen carefully due to the inconsistent nature of Type-3 clones.
Supercapacitors based on composite material of MnO2 and carbon nanotubes

Nano MnO<sub>2</sub> powder produced by liquid coprecipitation method was absorbed on the surface of carbon nanotubes, which were synthesized by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition, to form MnO<sub>2</sub>-CNT composite material using ultrasonic mixing method for supercapacitor electrodes. The electrochemical performance of the prepared electrodes was measured by galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling test in 0.5 mol/L Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> aqueous solution. The results showed that MnO<sub>2</sub>-CNT composite electrodes presented good electrochemical performance with specific capacitance of 238.7 F/g, much higher than that of MnO<sub>2</sub> electrodes which the specific capacitance only reached about 78.6 F/g, and the equivalent resistance of MnO<sub>2</sub>-CNT composite electrodes was about 34.8 Ω, half less than that of MnO<sub>2</sub> electrodes with equivalent resistance of 87.6 Ω.
Task-Dependent and Independent Synchronous Activity of Monkey Hippocampal Neurons in Real and Virtual Translocation

Previous neurophysiological and behavioral studies relate hippocampal functions to place learning and memory, and encoding of task (or context)-specific information. Encoding of both task-specific information and own location is essential for episodic memory and for animals to navigate to reward-related places. It is suggested that different neural circuits with different assemblies of different hippocampal neurons are created in different environments or behavioral contexts for the hippocampal formation (HF) to encode and retrieve episodic memory. To investigate whether synchronous activity of hippocampal neurons, suggesting functional connectivity between those neurons, is task and position dependent, multiple single unit activities were recorded during performance of real and virtual translocation (VT) tasks. The monkey moved to one of four reward areas by driving a cab (real translocation) or by moving a pointer on a monitor. Of 163 neuron pairs, significant peaks in cross-correlograms (CCGs) were observed in 98 pairs. Most CCGs had positive peaks within 50 ms. Task-dependent cross-correlations (CCRs) were observed in 44% of the neuron pairs, and similarly observed in both the real and VT tasks. These CCRs were frequently observed in pyramidal vs. pyramidal neuron pairs with positive peak and peak shift. However, no consistent patterns of peak polarity, peak shift, and neuronal types were seen in task-independent CCRs. There was no significant difference in frequency of CCG peaks between real and VT tasks. These results suggest that the task-dependent information may be encoded by interaction among pyramidal neurons, and the common information across tasks may be encoded by interaction among pyramidal neurons and interneurons in the HF. These neuronal populations could provide a neural basis for episodic memory to disambiguously guide animals to places associated with reward in different situations.
Experiences with Helicobacter Pylori Treatment in Iran

Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection is currently recognized as the major cause of chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and carcinoma of the stomach. Eradication of the infection will prevent the recurrence of the majority of such diseases. Different combined treatments have been tried in Iran for eradication of H. Pylori , but the optimal eradication needs further evaluation. Herein, we have reviewed the eradication regimens of H. Pylori used by Iranian scientists during a 16 year period from 1990 to 2006, regarding the number, the type of drugs used, the duration, eradication rate, and their side effects. From 26 articles retrieved, 22 drug regimens were evaluated. Triple drug therapy was favored in our country, as it consisted of 63% of the regimens. But it could not achieve an optimal eradication rate. Of eight quadruple drug regimens, two led to an optimal eradication rate, with the highest eradication rate being 92% based on furazolidone quadruple regimen. But this regimen had significant side effects in more than 62% of the patients. The best first line treatment regimen for eradication of H. Pylori in Iran seems to be a type of furazolidone or clarithromycin based quadruple therapy for a minimum duration of two weeks. However, the patients should be monitored for furazolidone side effects. Furthermore, in metronidazole based quadruple therapy drug resistance is a major problem, even with doses of more than 1 gm/day. In patients with treatment failure, medication should be adjusted according to antibiotic sensitivity and newer antibiotic therapies, which is designed as clinical trials. Iran J Med Sci 2006; 31(4): 181-185.
Web service for detecting credit card fraud in near real-time

This paper focuses on the design and implementation of a distributed, highly scalable, and fault-tolerant anti-fraud service accessible via REST API. Web service works in near real-time and employs machine learning algorithms for predictive analytics. Our goal is to develop an affordable anti-fraud service, which provides a possibility for participating parties (i.e. merchants, aggregating agents, payment systems, and banks) to reduce the risks of fraudulent payments over their sites. We explore a number of approaches resulting in a significant reduction of hardware and software costs as well as the size of the team working on the project.
Joint Strategy Fictitious Play with Inertia for Potential Games

We consider finite multi-player repeated games involving a large number of players with large strategy spaces and enmeshed utility structures. In these "large-scale" games, players are inherently faced with limitations in both their observational and computational capabilities. Accordingly, players in large-scale games need to make their decisions using algorithms that accommodate limitations in information gathering and processing. A motivating example is a congestion game in a complex transportation system, in which a large number of vehicles make daily routing decisions to optimize their own objectives in response to their observations. In this setting, observing and responding to the individual actions of all vehicles on a daily basis would be a formidable task for any individual driver. This disqualifies some of the well known decision making models such as "Fictitious Play" (FP) as suitable models for driver routing behavior. A more realistic assumption on the information tracked and processed by an individual driver is the daily aggregate congestion on the specific roads that are of interest to that driver. We will show that Joint Strategy Fictitious Play (JSFP), a close variant of FP, accommodates such information aggregation. Furthermore, we establish the convergence of JSFP to a pure Nash equilibrium in congestion games, or equivalently in finite potential games, when players use some inertia in their decisions and in both cases of with or without exponential discounting of the historical data.
Revisiting Stack Caches for Energy Efficiency

With the growing focus on energy efficiency, it is important to find ways to reduce energy without sacrificing performance. The L1 data cache is a significant contributor to processor energy consumption. We advocate treating data from the program’s stack differently from non-stack data to reduce energy. We characterize stack accesses to determine how they differ from general memory accesses in terms of footprint, frequency, and ratio of loads to stores. We then propose two ways to optimize for these characteristics. First, the implicit stack cache limits stack data to residing in designated ways of the data cache, reducing the energy required per stack access. We show that it can reduce data cache dynamic energy by 37% with no reduction in performance. Second, the explicit stack cache stores stack data in a separate L1 cache. In addition to reducing the energy per access, it also has additional benefits over the implicit policy in that it can be virtually tagged and have a different writeback policy. We show that this approach can lead to additional energy savings, with no performance impact. These optimizations are implemented purely in the hardware and thus require no changes to existing code.
Electrical Characterization of Spherical Copper Oxide Memristive Array Sensors

Abstract : A new System Protection (SP) technology is explored by using electrical and mechanical interference-sensing devices that are implemented with granular memristive material. The granular materials consist of oxide-coated copper spheres with radii of about 700 micrometer that are placed in contact to produce thin oxide junctions which exhibit memristive behavior. Processes for etching, which compared acetic acid and nitric acid etches, and thermal oxidation at 100 deg C are performed and compared to produce copper spheres with a copper oxide layer over the sphere surface. Oxidized copper spheres are tested as sensor arrays by loading into a capillary tube in an aligned arrangement. The spheres are held in contact to characterize current-voltage behavior for various oxide thicknesses with typical ROFF values in the megaohm range. Electrical characterization of the oxidized copper spheres reveal directly proportional changes to current-voltage hyseteresis in muW under compressive forces. The thinnest oxide exhibited changes of 8.3 to 21.2 muW over 9 mN while the thickest had a response from 0.4 to 2.5 muW over 22.3 mN.