Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in the Treatment of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) represents the most urgent condition for patients with coronary artery disease. Prompt diagnosis and therapy, mainly with primary angioplasty using stents, are important in improving not only acute survival but also long-term prognosis. Recent advances in angioplasty devices, including manual aspiration catheters and drug-eluting stents, and pharmacologic therapy, such as potent antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents, have significantly enhanced the acute outcome for these patients. Continuing efforts to educate the public and to decrease the door-to-balloon time are essential to further improve the outcome for these high-risk patients. Future research to normalize the left ventricular function by autologous stem cell therapy may also contribute to the quality of life and longevity of the patients surviving STEMI.
PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF THE SOCIALLY POLYMORPHIC SWEAT BEE HALICTUS RUBICUNDUS (HYMENOPTERA: HALICTIDAE)

Abstract The evolution of sociality in insects holds a central place in evolutionary theory. By examining the phylogenetic patterns of solitary and social behavior and how they correlate with ecological variables, we may identify factors important in the evolution of sociality. In this study, we investigated historical and biogeographical patterns of sociality in a socially polymorphic bee species (one that demonstrates both social and solitary nesting behavior). This unique system allows for a more powerful examination of evolutionary transitions in sociality than interspecific studies of obligately social and solitary species. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis among populations of the halictine bee Halictus rubicundus and then identified relationships among mitochondrial DNA sequence data, sociality, environmental conditions at the nesting site, and geographic location of populations of this species. Within North America, populations of H. rubicundus expressing social and solitary behavior belong to different genetic lineages. Sociality is also correlated with at least one environmental variable used in this study. Taken together, the results support the predictions for genetic control of sociality, but they are still consistent with social behavior at some level being determined by the environmental conditions at the nesting site. Corresponding Editor: K. Ross
A Study of the Effect of Color Quantization Schemes for Different Color Spaces on Content-based Image Retrieval

spaces, color histograms, histogram distance measurements, size and quantization play an important role in retrieving images based on similarities. This paper presents a study of the effect of color quantization schemes for different color spaces (HSV, YIQ and YCbCr) on the performance of content-based image retrieval (CBIR), using different histogram distance measurements (Histogram Euclidean Distance and Histogram Intersection Distance). For the purpose of this study, a CBIR system that implements two content-based image retrieval algorithms has been developed. The first algorithm is based only on the color feature, while the second one is based on combination of the color and texture features. The color histogram is used for image color feature extraction and Haar wavelet transform is used for image texture feature extraction. The WANG image database, which contains 1000 general-purpose color images, has been used in the experiments of this study. The experimental results show which histogram distance measurement is best, which color space gives better retrieval precision, and the best quantization schemes for the considered color spaces, when using only the color feature, and when using a combination of the color and texture features.
TCP retransmissions on very lossy networksLuigi

In this paper we study the behaviour of the TCP retransmission code in BSD Unix in presence of large losses, and propose changes to the code, including an adaptive computation of retransmission timeouts, to improve the performance without increasing the congestion on the network. In particular, we point out three features of the TCP retransmission code which have a negative impact on the performance over lossy networks. First, there exist a poorly chosen upper bound on the number of retransmissions, which we show can cause any connection to fail provided it is suuciently long. Second, retransmission timeouts are almost completely independent of the actual features of the network, and the values used are only suited to very slow networks. We advocate the use of a more adaptive choice of timeouts, and propose the use of bandwidth estimators in the computation of backoo times. Third, a subtle mistake in computing smoothed averages causes large errors in the case of small numbers (very common in the computation of SRTT and RTTVAR). We describe this problem in detail and indicate a correct implementation. The proposed changes have been tested in FreeBSD 2.X, a 4.4 Lite derivative. Although not a deenitive solution, they allows TCP data transfers to proceed even in presence of large losses, do not require extensions to the protocol or major rewrites of the code, do not interfere with the algorithms which control congestion, and, especially, only modify the sender side of TCP. Thus, by simply upgrading existing servers, all clients can beneet the improvements in performance.
Growth hormone (GH)‐transgenic insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF1)‐deficient mice allow dissociation of excess GH and IGF1 effects on glomerular and tubular growth

Growth hormone (GH)‐transgenic mice with permanently elevated systemic levels of GH and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF1) reproducibly develop renal and glomerular hypertrophy and subsequent progressive glomerulosclerosis, finally leading to terminal renal failure. To dissociate IGF1‐dependent and ‐independent effects of GH excess on renal growth and lesion development in vivo, the kidneys of 75 days old IGF1‐deficient (I−/−) and of IGF1‐deficient GH‐transgenic mice (I−/−/G), as well as of GH‐transgenic (G) and nontransgenic wild‐type control mice (I+/+) were examined by quantitative stereological and functional analyses. Both G and I−/−/G mice developed glomerular hypertrophy, hyperplasia of glomerular mesangial and endothelial cells, podocyte hypertrophy and foot process effacement, albuminuria, and glomerulosclerosis. However, I−/−/G mice exhibited less severe glomerular alterations, as compared to G mice. Compared to I+/+ mice, G mice exhibited renal hypertrophy with a significant increase in the number without a change in the size of proximal tubular epithelial (PTE) cells. In contrast, I−/−/G mice did not display significant PTE cell hyperplasia, as compared to I−/− mice. These findings indicate that GH excess stimulates glomerular growth and induces lesions progressing to glomerulosclerosis in the absence of IGF1. In contrast, IGF1 represents an important mediator of GH‐dependent proximal tubular growth in GH‐transgenic mice.
Internet usage and performance analysis of a rural wireless network in Macha, Zambia

There have been a number of rural wireless networks providing Internet access over the last decade but little is known about how the Internet is being used, how these networks perform and whether they follow similar trends when compared with Internet usage patterns in developed regions. We analyse a set of network traces from the Linknet wireless network in Zambia, which provides Internet access to approximately 300 residents of a rural village using a satellite link and a combination of point-to-point links, hotspots and wireless mesh networks. Our analysis reveals largely web-based traffic as opposed to the peer-to-peer traffic dominance that one finds in urban areas. Social networking sites receive the most hits, and large file downloads from operating system repositories contribute the most to the bandwidth consumption. A number of network pathologies in the gateway as well as the wireless mesh network are also analysed and a set of recommendations conclude the work.
Influence of good manufacturing practices on the shelf life of refrigerated fillets of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) packed in modified atmosphere and gamma-irradiated

This study evaluated the influence of good manufacturing practices (GMP) on the shelf life of refrigerated fillets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) packed in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and irradiated. In a first series of experiments, 120 tilapia fillets kept under controlled sanitary conditions were purchased from a fish market managed by a cooperative. A second lot totaling 200 tilapia fillets was obtained under controlled storage conditions from a pilot plant. The combined effects of MAP (40% CO2 and 60% N2) and irradiation (1.5 kGy) were investigated by monitoring physical and chemical (total volatile bases and pH), bacteriological (aerobic heterotrophic mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria) and sensory (acceptance test) changes in the samples. The quality of samples decreased with storage time regardless of the treatment, remaining higher in fillets produced in the pilot plant in comparison with the commercially produced fillets. The observed shelf life of nonirradiated commercially produced fillets was only 3 days, compared to 8 days for those produced in the pilot plant, probably due to GMP in the latter. It was concluded that, even with a combination of proven conservation methods for meats, the adoption of good manufacturing practices still remains essential before, during, and after the filleting process in order to ensure the effectiveness of the entire treatment.
A stability-based scheduling scheme for OFDMA networks

The focus of this paper is on joint channel-aware and queue-aware scheduling schemes for the downlink of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) networks. The objective is to enhance the stability of the queues while improving the network throughput. For this purpose, a Multi-Carrier Opportunistic Stable Queue (MC-OSQ) scheduling scheme is proposed, and a multi-carrier Modified Largest Weighted Delay First (M-LWDF) scheduling scheme is extended. The proposed stability metric used by MC-OSQ makes the network queues stable, while improving the network aggregate throughout. The comparable performance of MC-OSQ with that of M-LWDF reveals that the proposed stability metric is effective in reflecting the queue status in queue-aware scheduling schemes.
The Transformative Power of Europe The European Union and the Diffusion of Ideas

This paper sets out the research agenda of the Kolleg-Forschergruppe The Transformative Power of Europe. The European Union and the Diffusion of Ideas. The diffusion of ideas has become a central research theme in political science, sociology, law, history, and economics. In this context, the Kolleg-Forschergruppe focuses on the theoretical and methodological challenges of identifying scope conditions for and interaction effects between the various causal mechanisms by which ideas are spread across time and space. We concentrate on the European Union (EU) as an almost ideal laboratory for investigating processes and outcomes of diffusion. First, European integration itself can be described as an effort to promote the diffusion of ideas across Europe and beyond. Second, European societies and polities emulate each other through mimetic processes. Third, Europe and the EU also serve as active promoters of diffusion processes toward the outside world. Last not least, European integration is embedded in and responds to larger global diffusion processes. The Kolleg-Forschergruppe will explore the diffusion of ideas in three thematic areas: identity and the public sphere, compliance, conditionality, and beyond, and comparative regionalism and Europe’s external relations.
2016 Ieee International Conference on Big Data (big Data) Uncovering Information Flow among Users by Time-series Retweet Data: Who Is a Friend of Whom on Twitter?

—Although it is crucial to transmit important information to those who require it during disasters, neither of the following questions have been answered: who contributes to information diffusion? How do users construct helpful relationships in social media? Unfortunately, most previous research has focused on the scale of information diffusion, instead of the flow of information and the paths traveled by the transmitted information. In this study, we calculate the information flow probability between pairs of users and experimentally verified its validity. Our results showed a maximum precision of around 75% when we consider pairs as friends whose probability scores equal 1.0. Since our method is simple, easy to compute, and needs only time-series post-shared data in social media, we believe that it can be applied to various kinds of shared information data. By applying it to disaster data, we can identify the core information diffusers and contribute to disaster mitigation in the future.
Central Bank Talk: Killing softly the housing bubble with its words?

Last year witnessed a strong concern from central banks with asset prices, with the sub-prime crisis effects still looming over the monetary and financial markets. There is now an extensive literature about the optimal response of central banks to the behaviour of asset prices but we think that rather than debating whether monetary policy should respond to asset prices, a fruitful area of research should consider other tools, besides the central bank’s short term interest rate, to prevent bubbles and their consequences. With the rising importance of transparency in monetary policy making, central banks started increasingly focusing on communication as a key tool to improve the effectiveness of monetary policy. This paper analyses communication emanating from the ECB since the creation of EMU, trying to assess whether communication showed any concern with asset prices behaviour, in particular the housing market. We conclude that in the last years the ECB behaviour was characterised by a riding of the house price wave, with its communication showing a strong concern with house prices which motivated the monetary policy tightening period that we are now abandoning. We think that with the latest data showing slower increases in house prices, “soft words” about it will start to diminish and be accompanied by the end of interest rate increases.
SANKARA HARA HARA SANKARA Thermal and Power Challenges in High Performance Computing Systems

This paper provides an overview of the thermal and power challenges in emerging high performance computing platforms. The advent of new sophisticated applications in highly diverse areas such as health, education, finance, entertainment etc. is driving the platform and device requirements for future systems. The key ingredients of future platforms are vertically integrated (3D) die-stacked devices which provide the required performance characteristics with the associated form factor advantages. Two of the major challenges to the design of TSV-based (through-silicon-via) 3D stacked technologies are (i) effective thermal management and (ii) efficient power delivery mechanisms. Some of the key challenges that are articulated in this paper include hot-spot superposition and intensification in a 3D stack, design/optimization of TTSVs (Thermal Through Silicon Vias), non-uniform power loading of multi-die stacks, efficient on-chip power delivery, minimization of electrical hotspots etc.
Ramifications of the Surprise Exam Paradox : Exploring Rationality

“My sensations as we approached what I supposed might be a ‘field of battle’ were anything but agreeable. I had been in all the engagements in Mexico that it was possible for one person to be in; but not in command. If someone else had been colonel and I had been lieutenant-colonel I do not think I would have felt any trepidation. As we approached the brow of the hill from which it was expected we would see the enemy. my heart kept getting higher and higher until it felt as though it was in my throat. I would have given anything to have been back in Illinois, but I had not the moral courage to halt and consider what to do; I kept right on. When we reached a point from which the valley below was in full view I halted. The place where the Confederates had been encamped was still there but the troops were gone. My heart resumed its place. It occurred to me at once that [Colonel Thomas] Harris had been as much afraid of me as I had been of him. This was a view of the question I had never taken before; but it was one I never forgot afterwards. From that event to the close of the war, I never experienced trepidation upon confronting an enemy, though I always felt more or less anxiety. I never forgot that he had as much reason to fear my forces as I had his. The lesson was valuable. ” —Ulysses S. Grant, Memoirs
Complexity of transformation-based optimizers and duplicate-free generation of alternatives

Transformation-based optimizers that explore a search space exhaustively usually apply all possible transformation rules on each alternative, and stop when no new information is produced. In general, different sequences of transformations may end up deriving the same element. The optimizer must detect and discard these duplicate elements. In this paper we consider two questions: How many duplicates are generated? And then, how can it be avoided? For the first question, our analysis shows that as queries get larger, the number of duplicates encountered is several times that of the new elements. And even for small queries, duplicates are generated more often than new elements. For the second question, we describe a technique to avoid generating duplicates, based on keeping track of (a summary of) the derivation history of each element in the search space.
A note on the reversibility of the elementary cellular automaton with rule number 90

The reversibility properties of the elementary cellular automaton with rule number 90 are studied. It is shown that the cellular automaton considered is not reversible when periodic boundary conditions are considered, whereas when null boundary conditions are stated, the reversibility appears when the number of cells of the cellular space is even. The DETGTRI algorithm is used to prove these statements. Moreover, the explicit expressions of inverse cellular automata of reversible ones are computed.
A set stabilization approach for circular formations of rigid bodies

The paper presents a set stabilizing framework for distributed control design to achieve circular formations for rigid bodies in three-dimensional Euclidean space. Information exchange between the rigid bodies is modeled by a directed graph which is assumed to have a spanning tree. Actuation scenarios of fully actuated, degree-one underactuated, and degree-two underactuated rigid bodies are addressed. Control design is based on a hierarchical approach that relies on a reduction principle for asymptotic stability of closed sets.
Generation of optimal swimming algorithm using reference velocity for robotic fish "ichthus V3"

Reference velocity is a performance index required to derive the efficient movement of each joint from pseudo-inverse which is a joint movement optimized based on the speed of front joint in a multi-body with hyper redundancy and has been applied in finding the optimal solution of each joint at kinematic level when creating the swimming motion of a bio-inspired robotic fish. The motion of each joint in creating the movement of a bio-inspired robotic fish has been programmed based on sinusoidal motion inspired by the swimming pattern of an actual fish and successful in creating a flexible movement up to this point, but it turns out that the actual movement of a bio-inspired robotic fish in the water is different from what is expected when the analyzed optimal solution of joint motion in a bio-inspired robotic fish's movement is applied since the thickness, length and width of the target fish affects the result of analysis. When the solution of joint motion based on reference velocity is applied, on the other hand, more flexible swimming movement than those in other existing researches has been observed even though there are still some differences between the movements of an actual fish and a bio-inspired robotic fish such as forward-speed, turning radius and so on.
Networked unknown input observer analysis and design for time-delay systems

The insertion of communication networks in the feedback loops of control systems is a defining feature of modern control systems. These systems are often subject to unknown inputs in a form of disturbances, perturbations, or attacks. The objective of this paper is to analyze and design an observer for networked systems with unknown disturbances and inputs. The network effect can be viewed as either a perturbation or time-delay to the exchanged signals. In this paper, we focus on the time-delay representation of the network. First, we review an Unknown Input Observer (UIO) design for non-networked system from the UIO literature. Second, we derive the dynamics of the UlO-based NCS, also referred to as Networked Unknown Input Observer (NetUIO). Third, we design the NetUIO such that the effect of higher delay order terms are nullified, assuring that the effect of the unknown inputs on the plant state estimation is minimized. Fourth, we derive a bound on the maximum allowable time-delay for the NetUIO. Finally, a numerical example is shown to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed model.
Genetic algorithms and their testing

Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are adaptive search methods, which try to incorporate the principle of surviving known from nature. They proved to be an efficient instrument for solving many hard problems in different areas, in which the majority of other techniques failed as being weak or not applicable. On the other hand, GAs fight with a number of problems, as well. To the crucial issues belong the representation of potential solutions in the search space, design of the proper operators that drive the search and the configuration of the routines and strategies used in the GAs. This paper presents some results of our research on GAs. The interesting observations encountered by experiments concerning the initialisation of GAs’ runs and by the enhanced crossover operator for binary chromosomes are presented. We have used a shell called GATool for automatic experimenting with GAs, which was developed for GAs’ performance evaluation. The representatives of Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP), Continuous functions an.