Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding students’ learning experience on a cultural school trip: findings from Eastern Indonesia

ABSTRACT Despite the current increase of studies on school trips and experiential learning, questions remain about what aspects of school trips best contribute to students and how it affects students’ learning experience. This study attempts to explore students’ learning experience participating in 1-day cultural school trips in Papua, eastern Indonesia. Conducting trips to two cultural venues (a cultural museum and cultural village) and integrating topics in secondary schools’ curriculum (Papuan local content and Papuan art and culture), we evaluated student learning experiences against Bloom et al.’s (1956) taxonomy of educational objectives. The study found several emergent categories: students’ previous experiences, emotional experiences, impressions on seeing new perspective, reidentifying cultural identity, cultural awareness, personal effect, and framing and comparing learning strategy. The results provide insight into the effectiveness of school trip in the cultural setting in less developed countries and suggest areas for further study.
Radiation dose is of limited clinical usefulness in persons with acute radiation syndrome.

The relation of radiation exposure (dose) with acute radiation syndrome (ARS) depends on many factors. In this overview, we reconsider (1) radiation exposure characteristics (e.g. radiation quality, fractionation, dose rate, partial/total body irradiation) and (2) biological processes (e.g. radiosensitivity, cell cycle dependency, oxygenation) affecting acute health effects after exposure. Furthermore we include evidence from recently published work that examined the relationship of absorbed dose and risk of clinically relevant ARS in persons exposed after a radiation accident. We introduce the concept of radiation-related bioindicators for effect prediction. Bioindicators are considered here to be factors that integrate multiple radiation exposure characteristics and cell- and molecular-based processes to improve clinical prediction in persons with ARS.
Information modelling of transport issues in the logistic manufacturing system

The paper highlights mathematical modeling of the complex logistic system. All the orders to be realized are chosen on the basis of decisions made by a heuristic algorithm to meet the stated criteria. Equations of state show the changes in either the order vector or workstations or charge stores after each decision made in the system leading to the exact description of the system behavior at every stage. Emphasis is put on illustrating the flow of charges to workstations.
Trajectory planning for multiple robots in bearing-only target localisation

This paper provides a solution to the optimal trajectory planning problem in target localisation for multiple heterogeneous robots with bearing-only sensors. The objective here is to find robot trajectories that maximise the accuracy of the locations of the targets at a prescribed terminal time. The trajectory planning is formulated as an optimal control problem for a nonlinear system with a gradually identified model and then solved using nonlinear model predictive control (MPC). The solution to the MPC optimisation problem is computed through exhaustive expansion tree search (EETS) plus sequential quadratic programming (SQP). Simulations were conducted using the proposed methods. Results show that EETS alone performs considerably faster than EETS+SQP with only minor differences in information gain, and that a centralised approach outperforms a decentralised one in terms of information gain. We show that a centralised EETS provides a near optimal solution. We also demonstrate the significance of using a matrix to represent the information gathered.
David W. Lightfoot. Principles of Diachronic Syntax . Cambridge Studies in Linguistics 23. New York and London: Cambridge University Press. 1979. Pp. x + 429. $59.50 (hard cover), $14.95 (paper).

Linguistics 23. New York and London: Cambridge University Press. 1979. Pp. x + . 429. $59.50 (hard cover), $14.95 (paper). DURING THE SEVENTIES there has been a flurry of interest in syntactic change (e.g., Traugott 1972 and the anthologies edited by Li 1975, 1977 and Steever, Walker & Mufwene 1976). Lightfoot's timely and instructive book is to my knowledge the only comprehensive and systematic discussion of methodology for the study of syntactic change. The seven chapters together achieve a helpful balance of theory and application to data. Chapter 1 'Preliminaries' provides an excellent introduction to the text's theoretical orientation (especially to what is known as the Extended Standard Theory) and to methodological problems involved in diachronic syntax, topics which receive elaboration in Chapter 3 'A theory of change' and Chapter 7 'The causes of re-analysis. ' Illustrative and original analyses of data drawn primarily from earlier stages of English and other Indo-European languages, are presented in Chapter 2 'A paradigm case: the English modals,' Chapter 4 'More category changes,' Chapter 5 'Changes in the lexicon,' and Chapter 6 'On cyclic transformations. ' In addition there is an extensive bibliography (incorporating a useful index of references) and a citation index; a general subject index would also have been helpful in view of the size of the text and the range of its contents. Although L does not explicitly identify his audience, serious readers familiar with transformational generative grammar and historical linguistics should find the book rewarding.
A PROPOSED METHOD TO SOLVE THE DRAWBACKS OF ASSOCIATION RULE IN E-LEARNING

Data mining techniques have been successfully applied in many different fields including marketing, manufacturing, process control, fraud detection, network management and counter-terrorism. With the rapid growth of computer and Internet technologies, e-learning has become a major trend in the computer assisted teaching and learning fields. E-learning could be seen as blessing where large amounts of information are ubiquitously available. But it could equally be seen as an exponentially growing nightmare, in which unstructured information chokes the educational system without providing any articulate knowledge to its actors. Data Mining was born to tackle problems like this. In data mining association rule learning is a popular and well researched method for discovering interesting relations between variables in large databases They are very useful in Educational Data mining since they extract associations between educational items and present the results in an intuitive form to the teachers. The discovery of Association Rules could make it possible for Web-based distance tutors to identify knowledge patterns and reorganize the virtual course based on the patterns discovered. While applying association rule mining in Education management systems certain drawbacks like non interesting rules, huge number of discovered rules and low algorithm performance have been found. In this paper some possible solutions have been suggested to resolve them. Keywords-popular techniques in the data mining, association rule mining process in EMS, drawbacks and solutions.
Security in 2 . 5 G Mobile Systems

The global system for mobile communications, (GSM) is the most popular standard that implements second generation (2G) cellular systems. 2G systems combined with general packet radio services (GPRS) (3GPP TS 03.6, 2002) are often described as 2.5G, that is, a technology between the 2G and third generation (3G) of mobile systems. GPRS is a service that provides packet radio access for GSM users. The GPRS network architecture, which constitutes a migration step toward 3G sysAbstrAct
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes Using Judgments to Understand Decoy Effects in Choice Location of Alternatives in a Two Dimensional Space. in B on Dimension 2 but Not on Dimension 1. the Arrow

to a less precise determination of the underlying con-Students were presented choice triads from several textual processes. The research presented here at-different domains, with alternatives described along tempts to use multiple judgment tasks to study more two dimensions. In Experiment 1, the decoy alterna-precisely the processes that underlie contextual de-tive in each set was dominated by only one of the two pendencies found in choice tasks. Insofar as the prefer-other alternatives in the set. In Experiment 2, the de-ence judgments reflect the same pattern of effects as coy alternative was dominated by both of the other previous research on choice, then the relationship of alternatives in the set. Within different blocks of trials, preference judgments to judgments on theoretically rel-participants rated (a) overall attractiveness of each evant dimensions may provide key insights into the alternative, (b) importance of the different dimen-contextual processes involved. sions, (c) attractiveness of each attribute value, and (d) the justifiability of each alternative. Significant ef-For this research, we have chosen to study the effects fects of manipulating the decoy were found for justifi-of different types of decoys on preference. Decoy effects ability ratings and value ratings, with these combining are good examples of the contextual dependency of to predict effects on attractiveness ratings. Results ar-choice. A decoy is an alternative that is added to a gued against a weight-change model of decoy effects choice set in order to alter the relative attractiveness and supported value-shift and value-added models. of the other alternatives in the set. One of the most extensively studied decoys is the asymmetrically dominated (AD) decoy (Huber, Payne, & Puto, 1982). One alternative is said to dominate another when it is There is overwhelming evidence that evaluations clearly superior to it on at least one dimension and is and choices are context dependent (Huber, Payne, & equivalent or superior to it on all other dimensions. The contextual depen-can dramatically increase the proportion choosing the dency of decision making means that when inter-dominating alternative. For example, in an experiment viewing job applicants, the interviewer will tend to using three different consumer domains, Wedell (1991) evaluate each applicant in the context of the previous reported an average of 68% choosing alternative A applicants. Similarly, when buying a car, the consum-when the AD decoy favored A but only 27% choosing A er's evaluation of subsequent cars will be influenced by when the AD decoy favored B, a …
Reliability research of wireless sensor network node

In this paper, it proposes a new energy-efficient, reliable topological clustering algorithm (ERCTNA), which analysis the reliability of wireless sensor networks at the present stage factors and improve the original LEACH protocol. ERCTNA algorithm can balance the cluster head of energy load and increase the reliability of the network topology through setting up auxiliary cluster head node and optimizing information transfer mode. This model improves the traditional long-distance communication in wireless sensor networks to bring the energy of the excessive wear and tear issues, effectively extending the life cycle of the entire network to improve the reliability of wireless sensor networks.
Gradients of Pearson Correlation for Analysis of Biomedical Data

In biomedical analytics correlation is one of the major criteria for the characterization of similarities between measured data items. It is demonstrated how the formal derivative of Pearson correlation can be used for gradient-based optimization of data models. Firstly, individual data attributes can be rated according to their impact on pairwise data relationships, analogous to the variance measure in Euclidean space. Secondly, a versatile visualization method is presented which performs multi-dimensional scaling from high-dimensional source data to low-dimensional target space by maximizing correlation between distances of source and adaptive target data. As shown for mass spectroscopy data, a combination of attribute rating and data visualization helps revealing interesting data properties.
Genetic Algorithm Approach for the Center Sequence Problem Arising in Post-transcriptional Gene Silencing

A fundamental aspect of Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is the requirement of homology between the transgene sequence and the virus or mRNA sequence being silenced. For example, virus-resistant plants are resistant only to viruses that are very closely related to the virus from which the transgene was derived. One idea is to devise an artificial sequence that is at least 90 – 95% homologous to all virus genes. This requires an algorithm which can determine an artificial sequence with an optimal homology (or at least a 90 – 95% homology) to all of the virus sequences. The genetic algorithm presented in this paper serves this purpose. It should be of great value to all researchers who utilize PTGS, gene quelling, or RNAi. Mathematically, the task is to find the radius of a code S ⊂ {A,C,G, T }n. Experimental results suggest that this NPcomplete optimization problem can be approached well with a custom-built genetic algorithm (GA). Alternative approaches (exhaustive search, branch and bound, heuristics) are discussed and put in contrast to the GA approach.
Hiding in plain sight: Older U.S. purpose exemplars

ABSTRACT Despite significant research on purpose in adolescence and early adulthood, little is known about purpose in older adults. This paper defines purpose as ongoing commitment to and sustained action toward goals that are meaningful to the self and aim to contribute beyond the self. This study of purpose in later life draws on interviews of 102 respondents drawn from a U.S. nationally representative sample of 1198 men and women aged 50–92. Eighteen interviewees are identified as exemplars of purpose beyond the self and are matched with a comparison group of non-purposeful peers. Interview coding revealed that, in contrast to the non-purposeful comparison group, the purpose exemplars describe their lives as including several interconnected sources of well-being: purpose beyond the self, positive relationships, positive life engagement, a sense of competence, and freedom balanced with the desire to contribute. Implications for practitioners and the public are discussed.
A standard stellar library for evolutionary synthesis - III. Metallicity calibration

We extend the colour calibration of the widely used BaSeL standard stellar library (Lejeune et al. 1997, 1998) to non-solar metallicities, down to ${\rm [Fe/H]} \sim -2.0$ dex. Surprisingly, we find that at the present epoch it is virtually impossible to establish a unique calibration ofUBVRIJHKL colours in terms of stellar metallicity ${\rm [Fe/H]}$ which is consistent simultaneously with both colour-temperature relations and colour-absolute magnitude diagrams (CMDs) based on observed globular cluster photometry data and on published, currently popular standard stellar evolutionary tracks and isochrones. The problem appears to be related to the long-standing incompleteness in our understanding of convection in late-type stellar evolution, but is also due to a serious lack of relevant observational calibration data that would help resolve, or at least further significant progress towards resolving this issue. In view of the most important applications of the BaSeL library, we here propose two different metallicity calibration versions: (1) the “WLBC 99” library, which consistently matches empirical colour-temperature relations and which, therefore, should make an ideal tool for the study of individual stars; and (2), the “PADOVA 2000” library, which provides isochrones from the Padova 2000 grid (Girardi et al. [CITE]) that successfully reproduce Galactic globular-cluster colour-absolute magnitude diagrams and which thus should prove particularly useful for studies of collective phenomena in stellar populations in clusters and galaxies.
Expression of Cd34 and Myf5 Defines the Majority of Quiescent Adult Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells

Skeletal muscle is one of a several adult post-mitotic tissues that retain the capacity to regenerate. This relies on a population of quiescent precursors, termed satellite cells. Here we describe two novel markers of quiescent satellite cells: CD34, an established marker of hematopoietic stem cells, and Myf5, the earliest marker of myogenic commitment. CD34+ve myoblasts can be detected in proliferating C2C12 cultures. In differentiating cultures, CD34+ve cells do not fuse into myotubes, nor express MyoD. Using isolated myofibers as a model of synchronous precursor cell activation, we show that quiescent satellite cells express CD34. An early feature of their activation is alternate splicing followed by complete transcriptional shutdown of CD34. This data implicates CD34 in the maintenance of satellite cell quiescence. In heterozygous Myf5 nlacZ/+ mice, all CD34+ve satellite cells also express β-galactosidase, a marker of activation of Myf5, showing that quiescent satellite cells are committed to myogenesis. All such cells are positive for the accepted satellite cell marker, M-cadherin. We also show that satellite cells can be identified on isolated myofibers of the myosin light chain 3F-nlacZ-2E mouse as those that do not express the transgene. The numbers of satellite cells detected in this way are significantly greater than those identified by the other three markers. We conclude that the expression of CD34, Myf5, and M-cadherin defines quiescent, committed precursors and speculate that the CD34−ve, Myf5−ve minority may be involved in maintaining the lineage-committed majority.
Automatic Parliamentary Meeting Minute Generation Using Rhetorical Structure Modeling

In this paper, we propose a one step rhetorical structure parsing, chunking and extractive summarization approach to automatically generate meeting minutes from parliamentary speech using acoustic and lexical features. We investigate how to use lexical features extracted from imperfect ASR transcriptions, together with acoustic features extracted from the speech itself, to form extractive summaries with the structure of meeting minutes. Each business item in the minute is modeled as a rhetorical chunk which consists of smaller rhetorical units. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) graphs of both acoustic and lexical features in meeting speech show clear self-clustering of speech utterances according to the underlying rhetorical state-for example acoustic and lexical feature vectors from the question and answer or motion of a parliamentary speech, are grouped together. We then propose a Conditional Random Fields (CRF)-based approach to perform both rhetorical structure modeling and extractive summarization in one step, by chunking, parsing and extraction of salient utterances. Extracted salient utterances are grouped under the labels of each rhetorical state, emulating meeting minutes to yield summaries that are more easily understandable by humans. We compare this approach to different machine learning methods. We show that our proposed CRF-based one step minute generation system obtains the best summarization performance both in terms of ROUGE-L F-measure at 74.5% and by human evaluation, at 77.5% on average.
User-assisted reflection detection and feature point tracking

Reflections in image sequences violate the single layer model used by most current image processing techniques. As a result reflections cause many techniques to fail e.g. detection, tracking, motion estimation, etc. Recent work was proposed by Ahmed et al. [5] to detect reflections. Their technique is robust to pathological motion and motion blur. This paper has three main contributions. The first simplifies and fully automates the technique of Ahmed et al. User feedback is common in post-production video manipulation tools. Hence in the second contribution we propose an effective way of integrating few user-assisted masks to improve detection rates. The third contribution of this paper is an application for reflection detection. Here we explore better feature point tracking for the regions detected as reflection. Tracks usually die quickly in such regions due to temporal color inconsistencies. In this paper we show that the lifespan of such tracks can be extended through layer separation. Results show reduction in missed detections and in computational load over Ahmed et al. Results also show the generation of more reliable tracks despite strong layer mixing.
A neuropsychological theory of multiple systems in category learning.

A neuropsychological theory is proposed that assumes category learning is a competition between separate verbal and implicit (i.e., procedural-learning-based) categorization systems. The theory assumes that the caudate nucleus is an important component of the implicit system and that the anterior cingulate and prefrontal cortices are critical to the verbal system. In addition to making predictions for normal human adults, the theory makes specific predictions for children, elderly people, and patients suffering from Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, major depression, amnesia, or lesions of the prefrontal cortex. Two separate formal descriptions of the theory are also provided. One describes trial-by-trial learning, and the other describes global dynamics. The theory is tested on published neuropsychological data and on category learning data with normal adults.
PH1: An Archaeovirus of Haloarcula hispanica Related to SH1 and HHIV-2

Halovirus PH1 infects Haloarcula hispanica and was isolated from an Australian salt lake. The burst size in single-step growth conditions was 50–100 PFU/cell, but cell density did not decrease until well after the rise (4–6 hr p.i.), indicating that the virus could exit without cell lysis. Virions were round, 51 nm in diameter, displayed a layered capsid structure, and were sensitive to chloroform and lowered salt concentration. The genome is linear dsDNA, 28,064 bp in length, with 337 bp terminal repeats and terminal proteins, and could transfect haloarchaeal species belonging to five different genera. The genome is predicted to carry 49 ORFs, including those for structural proteins, several of which were identified by mass spectroscopy. The close similarity of PH1 to SH1 (74% nucleotide identity) allowed a detailed description and analysis of the differences (divergent regions) between the two genomes, including the detection of repeat-mediated deletions. The relationship of SH1-like and pleolipoviruses to previously described genomic loci of virus and plasmid-related elements (ViPREs) of haloarchaea revealed an extensive level of recombination between the known haloviruses. PH1 is a member of the same virus group as SH1 and HHIV-2, and we propose the name halosphaerovirus to accommodate these viruses.