Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliability and validity of an Italian four-level emergency triage system

Objectives To measure the reliability and predictive validity of a four-level triage system (I-4L). Methods This observational study was conducted in an urban hospital. Five nurses were randomly selected to assign a triage level to 246 paper scenarios, using the I-4L model. The I-4L model is a four-level triage system: urgency category (UC) 1 requires immediate response; UCs 2, 3 and 4 require assessment within 20, 60 and 120 min, respectively. Weighted κ statistics were used to measure the inter-rater and intrarater reliability of the triage tool and the validity of the model was assessed based on the accuracy in predicting admission and in predicting a reference standard's triage code. Results The I-4L model's inter-rater reliability was κ=0.73 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.79), and the intrarater reliability was κ=0.82 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.96). Its accuracy of triage rating for admission and for prediction of a reference standard's triage code was good: 79% (95% CI 73% to 86%) and 93% (95% CI 89% to 96%), respectively. The percentages of patients admitted per triage level using the I-4L model was: 100% UC 1; 42% UC 2; 6% UC 3; and 2% UC 4. Conclusions The I-4L triage model shows a good inter-rater and intrarater reliability for rating triage acuity and for accuracy in patient admission and prediction of a reference standard's triage code.
Study on Determining Consolidation Parameters of Soft Clay Ground improved by Sand Pile

Sand pile method, such as sand drain method and sand compaction pile method, has been popularly used as an improved method for soft clay grounds. The effect of accelerating consolidation of soft clay grounds has been evaluated with Barren's solution. The consolidation behavior of soft clay ground with sand piles strongly depends on both the nonlinear mechanical interaction between sand piles and surrounding clays and the degradation permeability of clays. In this paper a method of determining consolidation parameters of soft clay ground with sand drains by using Barren's solution was proposed through a series of numerical simulations. Through the method, the change in both volume compressibility and permeability during consolidation was reasonably evaluated.
Predictions of Alaskan Summer Ice Conditions form May 2010

The predictions are based on the output of a coupled ice-ocean model which provides us with retrospective estimates of the current ice and ocean conditions. The model is the PIOMAS model developed and operated by Dr. Jinlun Zhang (http://psc.apl.washington.edu/zhang/IDAO/seasonal_outlook.html). The model uses the observed air temperature, wind, clouds, and precipitation to estimate maps of the ice motion, ice thickness distribution, and ocean temperatures and currents for past years, up to and including the most recent month. The observed ice concentration is assimilated so that the model ice extent is close to the observed ice extent. Statistical relationships between the model parameters in May (or any other month) and the various measures of the ice conditions are found from past years using a method developed by Dr. Sheldon Drobot (Drobot et al, 2006). This relationship is then used with the current month model output to predict the ice parameters listed below. The method may be used to predict either the pan-Arctic ice extent or any other scalar quantity such as those listed in the Ice Service outlook. Updates are posted at http://psc.apl. washington.edu/lindsay/prediction.html
National comorbidity survey replication adolescent supplement (NCS-A): II. Overview and design.

OBJECTIVE To present an overview of the design and field procedures of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A). METHOD The NCS-A is a nationally representative face-to-face household survey of the prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV mental disorders among U.S. adolescents (aged 13-17 years) that was performed between February 2001 and January 2004 by the Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan. The sample was based on a dual-frame design that included 904 adolescent residents of the households that participated in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (response rate 85.9%) and 9,244 adolescent students selected from a representative sample of 320 schools in the same nationally representative sample of counties as the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (response rate 74.7%). RESULTS Comparisons of sample and population distributions on census sociodemographic variables and, in the school sample, school characteristics documented onlyminor differences that were corrected with poststratification weighting. Comparisons of DSM-IV disorder prevalence estimates among household versus school sample respondents in counties that differed in the use of replacement schools for originally selected schools that refused to participate showed that the use of replacement schools did not introduce bias into prevalence estimates. CONCLUSIONS The NCS-A is a rich nationally representative dataset that will substantially increase understanding of the mental health and well-being of adolescents in the United States.
Titania and silver-titania composite films on glass-potent antimicrobial coatings

Titania (anatase) and Ag-doped titania (anatase) coatings were prepared on glass microscope slides by a sol - gel dip-coating method. The resultant coatings were characterised by X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), Raman, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis techniques and shown to consist of anatase with ca. 0.2 - 1 atom% Ag2O. Photocatalytic activity of the coatings was determined by photomineralisation of stearic acid, monitored by FT-IR spectroscopy. Photocatalytically-active coatings were screened for their antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 6571), Escherichia coli ( NCTC 10418) and Bacillus cereus (CH70-2). Ag-doped titania coatings were found to be significantly more photocatalytically and antimicrobially active than a titania coating. No antimicrobial activity was observed in the dark - indicating that silver ion diffusion was not the mechanism for antimicrobial action. The mode of action was explained in terms of a charge separation model. The coatings also demonstrated significantly higher activity against the Gram-positive organisms than against the Gram-negative. The Ag2O - TiO2 coating is a potentially useful coating for hard surfaces in a hospital environment due to its robustness, stability to cleaning and reuse, and its excellent antimicrobial response.
Features fusion with adaptive weights for pedestrian classification

In this paper, we study the problem of pedestrian classification, which could lead to an improvement of performance of the Pedestrian Detection Systems. Since the traditional approaches merely focus on the recognition of pedestrian, the device would keep alerting the drivers even if the pedestrians are walking on a safe track. We attempt to classify pedestrians in order to make those devices, equipped in the cars, more intelligent and pragmatic. We propose a method to extract features including HOGs (Histogram of Oriented Gradient), LTPs (Local Ternary Pattern), Color Names and to fuse them efficiently. The three features are weighted fused depending on the size of patches as well as each patch's gradient value which is computed via a 3*3 Sobel operator. Afterwards we will train a random forest with 50 discriminative decision trees, using the fused features. Our method is tested on the images of humans from INRIA dataset. The experimental results show that our method of features fusion, with adaptive weights assigned to the different features, yields a significant gain of 12.9% in mean AP (Average Precision) over the simple features concatenation framework. Accordingly, our method is practicable for classifying pedestrians.
The Fear Factor: Exploring the Impact of the Vulnerability to Deportation on Immigrants' Lives

How does access to this work benefit you? Let us know! Follow this and additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny. edu/gc_etds Part of the American Politics Commons, Criminal Law Commons, Criminal Procedure Commons, Criminology Commons, Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons, Immigration Law Commons, Law and Politics Commons, Law and Society Commons, Law Enforcement and Corrections Commons, Legislation Commons, Politics and Social Change Commons, Social Control, Law, Crime, and Deviance Commons, Social Psychology Commons, Social Psychology and Interaction Commons, and the Social Work Commons
Studies of heterogeneous freezing by three different desert dust samples

We present results of experiments at the aerosol interactions and dynamics in the atmosphere (AIDA) chamber facility looking at the freezing of water by three different types of mineral particles at temperatures between −12°C and −33°C. The three different dusts are Asia Dust-1 (AD1), Sahara Dust-2 (SD2) and Arizona test Dust (ATD). The dust samples used had particle concentrations of sizes that were log-normally distributed with mode diameters between 0.3 and 0.5 μm and standard deviations, σ g , of 1.6–1.9. The results from the freezing experiments are consistent with the singular hypothesis of ice nucleation. The dusts showed different nucleation abilities, with ATD showing a rather sharp increase in ice-active surface site density at temperatures less than −24°C. AD1 was the next most efficient freezing nuclei and showed a more gradual increase in activity than the ATD sample. SD2 was the least active freezing nuclei. We used data taken with particle counting probes to derive the ice-active surface site density forming on the dust as a function of temperature for each of the three samples and polynomial curves are fitted to this data. The curve fits are then used independently within a bin microphysical model to simulate the ice formation rates from the experiments in order to test the validity of parameterising the data with smooth curves. Good agreement is found between the measurements and the model for AD1 and SD2; however, the curve for ATD does not yield results that agree well with the observations. The reason for this is that more experiments between −20 and −24°C are needed to quantify the rather sharp increase in ice-active surface site density on ATD in this temperature regime. The curves presented can be used as parameterisations in atmospheric cloud models where cooling rates of approximately 1°C min −1 or more are present to predict the concentration of ice crystals forming by the condensation-freezing mode of ice nucleation. Finally a polynomial is fitted to all three samples together in order to have a parameterisation describing the average ice-active surface site density vs. temperature for an equal mixture of the three dust samples.
One Alliance, Two Lenses: U.S.-Korea Relations in a New Era

One Alliance, Two Lenses examines U.S.-Korea relations in a short but dramatic period (1992-2003) that witnessed the end of the Cold War, South Korea's full democratization, inter-Korean engagement, two nuclear crises, and the start of the U.S. war on terror. These events have led to a new era of challenges and opportunities for U.S.-South Korea (ROK) relations. Based on analysis of newly collected data from major American and Korean newspapers, this book argues that the two allies have developed different lenses through which they view their relationship. Shin argues that U.S.-ROK relations, linked to the issue of national identity for Koreans, are largely treated as a matter of policy for Americans-a difference stemming from each nation's relative power and role in the international system. Offering rich empirical data and analysis of a critically important bilateral relationship, Shin also presents policy suggestions to improve a relationship, which-after 50 years-has come under more sustained and serious criticism than ever before.
V-Clip: fast and robust polyhedral collision detection

This article presents the Voronoi-clip, or V-Clip, collision detection alogrithm for polyhedral objects specified by a boundary representation. V-Clip tracks the closest pair of features between convex polyhedra, using an approach reminiscent of the Lin-Canny closest features algorithm. V-Clip is an improvement over the latter in several respects. Coding complexity is reduced, and robustness is significantly improved; the implementation has no numerical tolerances and does not exhibit cycling problems. The algorithm also handles penetrating polyhedra, and can therefore be used to detect collisions between nonvconvex polyhedra described as hierarchies of convex pieces. The article presents the theoretical principles of V-Clip, and gives a pseudocode description of the algorithm. It also documents various test that compare V-Clip, Lin-Canny, and the Enhanced GJK algorithm, a simplex-based algorithm that is widely used for the same application. The results show V-Clip to be a strong contender in this field, comparing favorably with the other algorithms in most of the tests, in term of both performance and robustness.
Software Metrics : A Rigorous and Practical Approach , Third

Software Metrics: A Rigorous and Practical Approach, Third Edition / 617 pages / 2014 / CRC Press, 2014 / Norman Fenton, James Bieman / 1439838232, 9781439838235 A Framework for Managing, Measuring, and Predicting Attributes of Software Development Products and ProcessesReflecting the immense progress in the development and use of software metrics in the past decades, Software Metrics: A Rigorous and Practical Approach, Third Edition provides an up-to-date, accessible, and comprehensive introduction to software metrics. Like its popular predecessors, this third edition discusses important issues, explains essential concepts, and offers new approaches for tackling long-standing problems. New to the Third EditionThis edition contains new material relevant to object-oriented design, design patterns, model-driven development, and agile development processes. It includes a new chapter on causal models and Bayesian networks and their application to software engineering. This edition also incorporates recent references to the latest software metrics activities, including research results, industrial case studies, and standards. Suitable for a Range of ReadersWith numerous examples and exercises, this book continues to serve a wide audience. It can be used as a textbook for a software metrics and quality assurance course or as a useful supplement in any software engineering course. Practitioners will appreciate the important results that have previously only appeared in research-oriented publications. Researchers will welcome the material on new results as well as the extensive bibliography of measurement-related information. The book also gives software managers and developers practical guidelines for selecting metrics and planning their use in a measurement program. Download File: http://relevantin.org/2g8gnru.pdf
Light-matter interaction on the few- and sub-cycle timescale

Light-matter interaction on the few-cycle and sub-cycle timescale One of the main challenges in modern optics is to explore shorter times scales as well as to extend the frequency range to higher but also to lower frequencies. Last years, the time scales available have been shifted to the attosecond range — well below one femtosecond. The critical ingredient of this progress is the creation of strong few-, singleand even sub-cycle pulses. At the same time, the frequency range where few-cycle pulse generation is possible, quickly increases. In this work the author considers methods for generation of ultrashort fewand sub-cycle pulses in very different frequency ranges, from terahertz (THz) to vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and for the possibilities to use these generated pulses to test the dynamics of light-matter interaction. In the case of ionization, new frequencies, so called Brunel harmonics, appear, providing a novel tool both as a source of short pulse in THz range, but also as a meter allowing to investigate the processes taking place inside ionization events. Contribution in both of these directions has been provided by the author, who showed how the elementary responses from attosecondlong ionization events form an interference pattern in frequency defining the THz spectrum. Furthermore, the author showed the possibility to use ultrashort pulses for novel ultrafast devices such as fast optical switches based on resonant interaction with atoms and molecules, despite the resonant effects often believed to be “slow”. In the waveguides geometries, the author demonstrated a new mechanism of a dramatic collapse of an optical soliton which gives birth to a very coherent supercontinuum, that is, a very broad spectrum, being compressible to sub-cycle pulses. The author also studied supercontinuum generation and related phenomena in the waveguide arrays and in a free space. The results allow a deeper insight into fundamental questions of nonlinear optics and strong field physics, at the same time opening up new perspectives for future applications of extremely short pulses.
Chesapeake Invader: Discovering America's Giant Meteorite Crater

Thirty-five million years ago, a meteorite three miles wide and moving sixty times faster than a bullet slammed into the sea bed near what is now Chesapeake Bay. The impact, more powerful than the combined explosion of every nuclear bomb on Earth, blasted out a crater fifty miles wide and one mile deep. Shock waves radiated through the Earth for thousands of miles, shaking the foundations of the Appalachians, as gigantic waves and winds of white-hot debris transformed the eastern seaboard into a lifeless wasteland. "Chesapeake Invader" is the story of this cataclysm, told by the man who discovered it happened. Wylie Poag, a senior scientist with the U.S. Geological Survey, explains when and why the catastrophe occurred, what destruction it caused, how scientists unearthed evidence of the impact, and how the meteorite's effects are felt even today.Poag begins by reviewing how scientists in the decades after World War II uncovered a series of seemingly inexplicable geological features along the Virginia coast. As he worked to interpret one of these puzzling findings in the 1980s in his own field of paleontology, Poag began to suspect that the underlying explanation was the impact of a giant meteorite. He guides us along the path that he and dozens of colleagues subsequently followed as--in true scientific tradition--they combined seemingly outrageous hypotheses, painstaking research, and equal parts good and bad luck as they worked toward the discovery of what turned out to be the largest impact crater in the U.S. We join Poag in the lab, on deep-sea drilling ships, on the road for clues in Virginia, and in heated debates about his findings. He introduces us in clear, accessible language to the science behind meteorite impacts, to life and death on Earth thirty-five million years ago, and to the ways in which the meteorite shaped the Chesapeake Bay area by, for example, determining the Bay's very location and creating the notoriously briny groundwater underneath Virginia. This is a compelling work of geological detective work and a paean to the joys and satisfactions of a life in science.
Implementation for a 2 n − 1 Modular Adder ThroughCarbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors

The modulo 2 ± 1 are the most applied modulo set in residue number system (RNS). The modulo adder 2 − 1 is very important due to its variety of applications in DSP, like addition/subtraction and multiplication in digital filters, cryptography, fault detection, fault correction and checksum. In this article, by applying carbon nanotube transistors based on End Around Carry structure, a modulo adder 2 − 1 is implemented. The problems are analyzed and in order to fix them and improve the orbital parameters, a new design is proposed. Through this design, the problem for two representations of zero are solved, and by taking advantage of a structure for fast calculation of carry, the orbital parameters are upgraded. The circuits are simulated by Hspice simulation tools and their performances are verified. Simulation results confirm the superior performance of this proposed design compared to the EAC (End Around Carry) structure. c © 2015 JComSec. All rights reserved.
TESTS AND FORMULAS CONCERNING SECONDARY CONSOLIDATION

AN EXTENSIVE SERIES OF OEDOMETER TESTS WITH A REMOULDED GLACIAL LAKE CLAY WAS CONDUCTED IN ORDER TO STUDY THE SECONDARY CONSOLIDATION. ONE-DIMENSIONAL COMPRESSION OF CLAY WAS CONSIDERED EXCLUSIVELY. A FORMULA IS PROPOSED WHICH WAS DEVELOPED TO GIVE REASONABLE AGREEMENT WITH AT LEAST ONE EXTENSIVE SERIES OF CONSOLIDATIN TESTS, IN WHICH THE EFFECTS OF FINAL STRESS, STRESS INCREMENT RATIO, NUMBER OF LOADING STEPS, DURATION OF PREVIOUS STEP, WERE INVESTIGATED SEPARATELY. THE EXTENSIVE SERIES OF OEDOMETER TESTS WITH REMOULDED CLAY, SHOWS THAT THE COMPARATIVELY SIMPLE EMPIRICA SECONDARY CONSOLIDATIN OBSERVED IN THE TEST. THE SAME TYPE OF FORMULA SEEMS TO BE VALID FOR OEDOMETER TESTS WITH A NORMALLY CONSOLIDATED INTACT CLAY. THE FORMULA CAN BE MODIFIED TO A FORM DESCRIBING THE SECONDARY CONSOLIDATION IN NATURE UNDER STRUCTURES, PROVIDED THAT LATERAL YIELD IS NEGLIGIBLE. A METHOD FOR CALCULATING SECONDARY SETTLEMENTS OF STRUCTURES IS INDICATED, AND IS SHOWN TO GIVE FAIR AGREEMENT WITH MEASURED SECONDARY SETTLEMENTS OF A BRIDGE ABUTMENT IN DENMARK.
Influence of proinflammatory cytokines on the adhesion of human colon carcinoma cells to lung microvascular endothelium

In this experimental study, the influence of surgery‐induced proinflammatory cytokines on tumor recurrence in the lung was investigated. A reproducible human in vitro assay was developed to study the adhesion of HT29 colon carcinoma cells to monolayers of microvascular endothelial cells of the lung (HMVECs‐L) or human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs). Preincubation of HMVECs‐L with maximally active concentrations of IL‐1β and TNF‐α, but not with IL‐6, resulted in at least 250% adhesion compared to control adhesion (p ≤ 0.01). The effect of IL‐1β and TNF‐α was concentration‐ and time‐dependent. Comparable results were found for HUVECs. Tumor cell adhesion was not increased after preincubation of HT29 with TNF‐α. Enzyme immunoassays of cytokine‐preincubated HUVECs and HMVECs‐L showed concentration‐ and time‐dependent upregulation of E‐selectin, ICAM‐1 and VCAM‐1 expression. In addition, LFA‐1 and VLA‐4 were only expressed on HMVECs‐L, creating more binding possibilities for HMVECs‐L compared to HUVECs. Inhibition assays with anti‐E‐selectin monoclonal antibody significantly decreased tumor cell adhesion to HUVECs; however, it did not affect tumor cell adhesion to HMVECs‐L. Furthermore, anti‐ICAM‐1 and anti‐VCAM‐1 antibodies did not affect adhesion. Our results prove IL‐1β and TNF‐α promote tumor cell adhesion to HMVECs‐L in vitro and may therefore account for enhanced tumor recurrence in the lung seen after major surgical trauma. The adhesion of HT29 to HUVEC is inhibitable by E‐selectin antibodies, whereas the adhesion to HMVEC‐L is not inhibitable by these antibodies. Probably not one but a complex of adhesion molecules is responsible for enhanced adhesion to HMVECs‐L. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.