Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advances in principal factors influencing carbon dioxide adsorption on zeolites

Abstract We report the advances in the principal structural and experimental factors that might influence the carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption on natural and synthetic zeolites. The CO2 adsorption is principally govern by the inclusion of exchangeable cations (countercations) within the cavities of zeolites, which induce basicity and an electric field, two key parameters for CO2 adsorption. More specifically, these two parameters vary with diverse factors including the nature, distribution and number of exchangeable cations. The structure of framework also determines CO2 adsorption on zeolites by influencing the basicity and electric field in their cavities. In fact, the basicity and electric field usually vary inversely with the Si/Al ratio. Furthermore, the CO2 adsorption might be limited by the size of pores within zeolites and by the carbonates formation during the CO2 chemisorption. The polarity of molecules adsorbed on zeolites represents a very important factor that influences their interaction with the electric field. The adsorbates that have the most great quadrupole moment such as the CO2, might interact strongly with the electric field of zeolites and this favors their adsorption. The pressure, temperature and presence of water seem to be the most important experimental conditions that influence the adsorption of CO2. The CO2 adsorption increases with the gas phase pressure and decreases with the rise of temperature. The presence of water significantly decreases adsorption capacity of cationic zeolites by decreasing strength and heterogeneity of the electric field and by favoring the formation of bicarbonates. The optimization of the zeolites structural characteristics and the experimental conditions might enhance substantially their CO2 adsorption capacity and thereby might give rise to the excellent adsorbents that may be used to capturing the industrial emissions of CO2.
Effects of processing parameters on material properties of mechanically processed polyamide

A semicrystalline polyamide polymer was processed using a new technique known as mechanical alloying. The material processed by this technique was first introduced into a high-energy ball mill and ground over long periods of time, resulting in the production of extremely fine powders. These powders were subsequently consolidated well below the materials' melting-point temperature. The effect of processing parameters including mechanical milling time, consolidation temperature, and the length of consolidation time were studied fairly extensively. The investigation shows that polyamide powders are continually refined with increasing mechanical milling time and the resulting materials have improved mechanical properties. The influence of both consolidation temperature and the length of consolidation time on material properties indicate that materials with higher density, crystallinity, hardness, strength, and ductility are produced when consolidated using higher temperatures and longer times. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Evaluation of granularity on threshold voltage control in flex power FPGA

The flex power FPGA can flexibly control speed and power in a trade-off relationship by a flexible assignment of proper threshold voltage generated from body-bias units to transistors. This paper evaluates static power consumption and an area-overhead by the body-bias units on various threshold voltage control granularity in the flex power FPGA. There is also a trade-off relationship between the static power consumption and the area-overhead for granular control of the threshold voltages. Both a grain size and its style of division have a strong influence on the trade-off. Own evaluation results show that static power reduces less than 1/5 of original level, while increase an area overhead of less than 40%. If an area increase of 50% is allowed, then the reduction in static power consumption to 1/10 or less is obtained
Relationships of open-field behaviour with anxiety in the elevated zero-maze test: Focus on freezing and grooming

The National Institutes of Health Genetically Heterogeneous Rat Stock (NIH-HS) is a unique tool for genetic studies of complex traits due to its high genetic heterogeneity and to its high level of genetic recombinants accumulated along many outbreeding generations. In the present study, 90 NIH-HS male rats were tested for anxiety/fearfulness in the elevated zero-maze and in the open-field test in order to investigate the associations among defensive responses from both tests and, in particular, those among open- field self-grooming and freezing. These associations were evaluated by means of a correlational-factorial approach and an analysis of differences between sub- groups displaying extreme scores in representative variables. The final factor analysis revealed a first factor with high loadings of all variables from the zero-maze (“Maze timidity/conflict” factor), and a second (independent) factor dominated by open-field crossings (-0.74), rearings (-0.62) and freezing (0.65), with lower loadings of open-field grooming (-0.39) and stretched attend postures, as well as of entries and time (loadings of -0.32 to -0.25) in the open sections of the zero-maze (“Open Behavior inhibition/ desinhibition” factor), suggesting that open-field self-grooming is a response associated to activity, in the present study, rather than to inhibition. Furthermore, the finding that grooming in the OF loaded negatively in a second factor supports a relationship between grooming and dearousal. Present results, thus, are in accordance with the usefulness of these tests for the purposes they are commonly employed and add new evidence supporting their concurrent validity, as indicated by the relationships observed among measures from both tests.
VISUAL MOSSY FIBER INPUTS TO THE FLOCCULUS OF THE MONKEY *

Recent single-unit studies in monkeys, trained to track a slowly moving visual target, implicate the cerebellar flocculus in the control of smooth-pursuit eye movements. ’-4 A smooth-pursuit eye movement is the result of an attempt to match the angular velocity of eye movement to the velocity of a moving object, and consequently the object’s image is held relatively stationary on the moving retina. It has been observed that discharge rates of some Purkinje cells in the flocculus are modulated typically in relation to the velocity of eye movements during smooth pursuit in the absence of head r~tation. ’. ~ In this situation, since the image of the object moves with the retina, the modulation in Purkinje cell activity reflects primarily eye velocity signals arising in the oculomotor system. On the other hand, when eye velocity is smaller than object velocity, the eye movement lags behind the moving object and there occurs slippage of its retinal image. The velocity of the moving object then corresponds to the algebraic sum of eye velocity and retinal image velocity. Neural activity reflecting the sum of such velocity signals should, therefore, be observed in some brain structures thought to be constituents of the smooth-pursuit system. In order to qualify as a part of the smooth-pursuit control system, the flocculus may have to receive information about retinal image motion from the visual system. The existence of visual inputs to the flocculus of the monkey has been However, partially because the fibers carrying visual information comprise only a small percentage of the afferent fibers, the properties of visual input signals to the monkey flocculus mostly are unknown. The aim of the present investigation was to study the characteristics of visual signals that are brought to the flocculus of the monkey.
Incentive Mechanisms for P2P Network Nodes based on Repeated Game

Considering the incentive mechanism of P2P network nodes, this paper analyzes the mechanism combined with the thought of repeated game. First, it respectively describes the modeling conditions and processes for the incentive mechanism of P2P nodes based on the supervision game and the P2P incentive mechanism for identification of node information. Then it performs the simulations for the strategy of two models by software, and the simulation result shows that these two kinds of models are both feasible. Finally, it analyzes and compares the advantages and disadvantages for the two kinds of models, and appropriate scenes for these two models as well.
An Interacting Systems Model of Infant Habituation

Habituation and related procedures are the primary behavioral tools used to assess perceptual and cognitive competence in early infancy. This article introduces a neurally constrained computational model of infant habituation. The model combines the two leading process theories of infant habituation into a single functional system that is grounded in functional brain circuitry. The HAB model (for Habituation, Autoassociation, and Brain) proposes that habituation behaviors emerge from the opponent, complementary processes of hippocampal selective inhibition and cortical long-term potentiation. Simulations of a seminal experiment by Fantz Visual experience in infants: Decreased attention familiar patterns relative to novel ones. Science, 146, 668670, 1964 are reported. The ability of the model to capture the fine detail of infant data (especially age-related changes in performance) underlines the useful contribution of neurocomputational models to our understanding of behavior in general, and of early cognition in particular.
Metrology for templates of UV nano imprint lithography

Templates for UV-Nano-imprint lithography (NIL) have developed aggressively. Feature sizes of the templates have come to less than 30 nm. Therefore metrology is also one of challenging items to fabricate templates for UV-NIL. However, there are many issues in metrology for the templates, for instance, necessity of the further resolution for measurement tools, charging issues without conductive layers for a SEM. In this paper, we will focus on metrology of the templates for UV-NIL. And also some measurement techniques are described about detail results using scanning probe microscope, CD-SEM, scattermetry and so on.
Mapping of Multiple Data Flow Graphs of DSP Applications onto ASIC/Reconfigurable Architectures

 Abstract: This paper presents a novel technique for the mapping of set of DSP applications onto architectures targeting an ASIC/Reconfigurable implementation embedded on the same chip. Synthesis for such a hybrid implementation is carried out by developing a technique to partition the RTL structures corresponding to a set of DSP applications into a fixed base design part suitable for ASIC implementation and a non-base design that varies with the applications and suitable for FPGA implementation. Experimental results reveal that the proposed scheme is efficient in exposing the hidden functional commonality in a set of RTL structures respecting some well-known benchmark problems. We show through a set of test cases that our approach offers significant area saving relative to the state-of-the-art.
Spatial Release From Masking in Simulated Cochlear Implant Users With and Without Access to Low-Frequency Acoustic Hearing

For normal-hearing listeners, speech intelligibility improves if speech and noise are spatially separated. While this spatial release from masking has already been quantified in normal-hearing listeners in many studies, it is less clear how spatial release from masking changes in cochlear implant listeners with and without access to low-frequency acoustic hearing. Spatial release from masking depends on differences in access to speech cues due to hearing status and hearing device. To investigate the influence of these factors on speech intelligibility, the present study measured speech reception thresholds in spatially separated speech and noise for 10 different listener types. A vocoder was used to simulate cochlear implant processing and low-frequency filtering was used to simulate residual low-frequency hearing. These forms of processing were combined to simulate cochlear implant listening, listening based on low-frequency residual hearing, and combinations thereof. Simulated cochlear implant users with additional low-frequency acoustic hearing showed better speech intelligibility in noise than simulated cochlear implant users without acoustic hearing and had access to more spatial speech cues (e.g., higher binaural squelch). Cochlear implant listener types showed higher spatial release from masking with bilateral access to low-frequency acoustic hearing than without. A binaural speech intelligibility model with normal binaural processing showed overall good agreement with measured speech reception thresholds, spatial release from masking, and spatial speech cues. This indicates that differences in speech cues available to listener types are sufficient to explain the changes of spatial release from masking across these simulated listener types.
On the relationships between domain-based coupling and code clones: An exploratory study

Knowledge of similar code fragments, also known as code clones, is important to many software maintenance activities including bug fixing, refactoring, impact analysis and program comprehension. While a great deal of research has been conducted for finding techniques and implementing tools to identify code clones, little research has been done to analyze the relationships between code clones and other aspects of software. In this paper, we attempt to uncover the relationships between code clones and coupling among domain-level components. We report on a case study of a large-scale open source enterprise system, where we demonstrate that the probability of finding code clones among components with domain-based coupling is more than 90%. While such a probabilistic view does not replace a clone detection tool per se, it certainly has the potential to complement the existing tools by providing the probability of having code clones between software components. For example, it can both reduce the clone search space and provide a flexible and language independent way of focusing only on a specific part of the system. It can also provide a higher level of abstraction to look at the cloning relationships among software components.
Robust and Self-Repairing Formation Control for Swarms of Mobile Agents

We describe a decentralized algorithm for coordinating a swarm of identically-programmed mobile agents to spatially self-aggregate into arbitrary shapes using only local interactions. Our approach, called SHAPEBUGS, generates a consensus coordinate system by agents continually performing local trilaterations, and achieves shape formation by simultaneously allowing agents to disperse within the defined 2D shape using a Contained Gas Model. This approach has several novel features (1) agents can easily aggregate into arbitrary user-specified shapes, using a formation process that is independent of the number of agents (2) the system automatically adapts to influx and death of agents, as well as accidental displacement. We show that the consensus coordinate system is robust and provides reasonable accuracy in the face of significant sensor and movement error.
Predictors of Carotid Stenosis in Older Adults With and Without Isolated Systolic Hypertension

Background and Purpose This study was designed to determine the prevalence of carotid stenosis and atherosclerosis in older adults with and without isolated systolic hypertension and to determine risk factors for carotid artery disease in these two groups. Methods Duplex scans were performed on 187 participants of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program and on 187 normotensive control subjects. Doppler measures of blood flow velocity were used to determine the prevalence of internal carotid artery stenosis. Results Carotid stenosis was found in 25% of hypertensive participants but in only 7% of normotensive participants (p<0.001). Among hypertensive participants, carotid stenosis was correlated with lower diastolic blood pressure (p=0.022). In multivariate analysis, systolic blood pressure of ≥ 160 mm Hg was the strongest predictor of carotid stenosis. Other variables independently related to stenosis were diastolic blood pressure of <75 mm Hg (p=0.001), alcohol use (p=0.005), heart rate of ≥ 80 beats per minute (p=0.013), smoking (p=0.034), high concentration of apoprotein B (p=0.001), and low concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (borderline significant, p=0.069). Among hypertensive participants, the strongest predictor of carotid stenosis was low diastolic blood pressure. This relation persisted even after taking into account differences in pulse pressure. Conclusions Isolated systolic hypertension is strongly correlated with carotid stenosis, and among those with isolated systolic hypertension low diastolic blood pressure is a marker for carotid stenosis.
Candida guilliermondii, an Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen with Decreased Susceptibility to Fluconazole: Geographic and Temporal Trends from the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program

ABSTRACT Although a rare cause of invasive candidiasis, Candida guilliermondii has been reported to exhibit decreased susceptibility to antifungal agents. Aside from case reports and small surveys, there is little information regarding the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility profile of C. guilliermondii. We report geographic and temporal trends in the isolation and antifungal susceptibilities of 1,029 C. guilliermondii clinical isolates collected from 127 medical centers as part of the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program. In addition, we report the in vitro susceptibility of 132 bloodstream isolates of C. guilliermondii to caspofungin. C. guilliermondii represented 1.4% of the 75,761 isolates collected from 2001 to 2003 and was most common among isolates from Latin America (3.7% versus 0.6 to 1.1%). Decreased susceptibility to fluconazole was noted (75% susceptible; range, 68 to 77% across regions), and voriconazole was more active in vitro against C. guilliermondii than fluconazole (91% susceptible; range, 88 to 93% across regions). Fluconazole was least active against isolates from dermatology (58%) and surgical (69%) services and against isolates associated with skin and soft tissue infection (68%, compared to 85% susceptible for bloodstream isolates). There was no evidence of increasing azole resistance over time among C. guilliermondii isolates tested from 2001 to 2003. Of 132 bloodstream isolates of C. guilliermondii tested against caspofungin, most were inhibited by ≤2 μg/ml (96%; MIC50/MIC90, 0.5/1.0 μg/ml). C. guilliermondii, a species that exhibits reduced susceptibility to fluconazole, is the sixth most frequently isolated Candida species from this large survey and may be an emerging pathogen in Latin America.
Reduced Paraoxonase 1 Activity as a Marker for Severe Coronary Artery Disease

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), a high-density-lipoprotein- (HDL-) associated enzyme, has the potential to protect against atherogenesis. We examine the relationships between plasma PON1 activity and the progression of atherosclerosis as well as coronary artery disease (CAD). Fasting blood samples were collected from female apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE−/−) mice and 149 patients undergoing coronary angiography for the biochemical parameters measurement. The severity of CAD was defined using angiographic Gensini score (GSS). Compared to 3-month-old apoE−/− mice, aged mice had significantly lower PON1 activity, which is negatively correlated with the size of atherosclerotic lesion and plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels. In study patients, PON1 activity was correlated with age, sex, and HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels and was significantly lower in CAD group than that in non-CAD control group. Interestingly, PON1 activity in severe CAD group (GSS > 40) was further significantly reduced compared to those in mild and moderate subgroups (GSS ≤ 40) (P < 0.01). There is a significant correlation between PON1 activity and the severity of CAD as assessed by GSS (r = −0.393, P < 0.001). PON1 activity may be a potential biomarker for the severity of CAD.
Hemodynamic effects of exogenous nitric oxide in ovine transitional pulmonary circulation.

To determine the hemodynamic effects of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) on the immature pulmonary circulation, we studied the response to NO inhalation in 19 mechanically ventilated late-gestation ovine fetuses in three separate protocols. In protocol 1, we examined the relative effects of 1) mechanical ventilation while maintaining fetal arterial O2 tension (PaO2) constant [fractional inspired O2 concentration (FIO2) less than 0.10)], 2) NO inhalation [5-20 parts per million (ppm)] at fetal PaO2, and 3) high FIO2 (1.00) (n = 7). NO increased left pulmonary artery blood flow (Qlpa) in a dose-dependent fashion, from 254 +/- 62 (baseline) to 398 +/- 49 ml/min with 20 ppm NO (P less than 0.001). The response of Qlpa to a FIO2 equal to 1.00 was not different from NO alone. Systemic arterial pressure was not affected by NO. In protocol 2 we studied the effects of prolonged NO inhalation (2 h, 20 ppm) during mechanical ventilation with low FIO2 (n = 4). NO increased Qlpa from 267 +/- 92 to 468 +/- 75 ml/min at 10 min of NO inhalation (P less than 0.001). The increase in Qlpa was sustained during the entire 2-h study period. In protocol 3 we measured left ventricular output (LVO), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and ductus arteriosus shunting using radiolabeled microspheres (n = 8) during baseline mechanical ventilation and 20 ppm NO inhalation. LVO and SVR were not significantly different in the two study periods; however, the percentage of LVO that reached the lungs (predominantly left-to-right shunting across the ductus arteriosus) increased from 18 +/- 5 to 43 +/- 4% during NO inhalation. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Coexisting causes of ischemic stroke.

Background Coexistence of multiple potential causes of cerebral infarct (MPCI) has been poorly studied. Objective To determine the risk factors, clinical findings, and topographical patterns of patients with at least 2 potential causes of cerebral infarct. Design Data analysis from a prospective acute stroke registry (the Lausanne Stroke Registry, Lausanne, Switzerland) in a community-based primary care center. Results Among 3525 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke consecutively admitted to a primary care stroke center, 250 patients (7%) had at least 2 MPCIs, with the following subgroups: large artery disease and a cardiac source of embolism (LAD + CSE) (43%), small artery disease and CSE (SAD + CSE) (34%), LAD + SAD (18%), and LAD + SAD + CSE (5%). Hypertension, cardiac ischemia, and a history of atrial fibrillation predominated in the LAD + SAD + CSE subgroup ( P P P P P Conclusions Our findings suggest that MPCIs are uncommon. The most frequent association is LAD + CSE. Topographical patterns of stroke and clinical characteristics in patients with MPCI only rarely allow emphasis of a preeminent cause.