Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Developmental Changes in the Activity of Messenger RNA Isolated from Germinating Castor Bean Endosperm'

The capacity of polyadenylated RNA from developing castor bean endosperm to program protein synthesis in a wheat germ cell-free trans- lational system has been examined. Although the use of micrococcal nuclease-treated wheat germ extracts demonstrated a low but significant content of translatable mRNA in dry seeds, a large scale increase in total translational capacity was observed during germination. The cellular con- tent of translatable mRNA peaked on the 4th day of germination and subsequently declined. It is concluded that protein synthesis in castor bean endosperm cells during germination is directed by newly transcribed mRNA. M sucrose solution containing 50 mm Tris-acetate (pH 8.5), 20 mM KCI, and 10 mm Mg acetate in a 6.5-ml centrifuge tube. Ribosomes were pelleted by centrifuging for 3.5 h at 100,000g and 2 C in the 40.3 rotor on a Beckman L2-65B ultracentrifuge. Pellets were resuspended in 50 mm Tris-acetate (pH 7.6), 30 mM KCI, 10 mm Mg-acetate, and 5 mM f,-mercapto- ethanol. Aliquots containing 100 to 120 jig of RNA were layered onto 17.5-ml sucrose gradients increasing linearly in concentration from 10 to 30o (w/v) sucrose. Sucrose solutions were prepared in the polysome resuspension buffer. Gradients were centrifuged for 1.75 h at 96,000g (average) and 2 C in a SW 27 rotor. The A260 profile across the centrifuged gradients was obtained using an ISCO model 185 gradient fractionator linked to a UV monitor.
Observations of near‐surface wind and temperature structures and their variations with topography and latitude in East Antarctica

Received 10 December 2008; revised 30 March 2009; accepted 5 June 2009; published 15 September 2009. [1] The first multiyear surface meteorological observations over Dome A, the highest ice feature in the entire Antarctica continent, are analyzed to understand the surface wind, temperature, and stability climatology over Dome A and how it differs from the surface climatology at two lower-latitude/lower-elevation sites along similar longitude in East Antarctica. The climatology is also compared with that over Dome C. In contrast to the surface winds at lower sites, where moderate to strong northeasterly winds prevail with a distinct diurnal oscillation in wind speed in response to the diurnal change in katabatic forcing, summertime surface winds over Dome A are very weak, are variable in direction, and show little diurnal variation. Although both temperature and temperature gradient oscillate diurnally, the gradient over Dome A remained positive all day long, indicating a persistent surface inversion, while at the two lower sites, as well as over Dome C, sufficient insolation leads to the breakup of inversion and the development of a convective boundary layer in the afternoon. Wavelet analysis of near-surface stability revealed that besides the strong diurnal signal, the near-surface stability also exhibits annual, semiannual, and interseasonal (period 50 days) oscillations at all locations. These oscillations in near-surface stability are linked to the same peaks in the 500-hPa geopotential height spectra and therefore are believed to be caused by variations of synoptic conditions.
Human neutrophil elastase mediates fibrinolysis shutdown through competitive degradation of plasminogen and generation of angiostatin

Background—A subset of trauma patients undergo fibrinolysis shutdown rather than pathologic hyperfibrinolysis, contributing to organ failure. The molecular basis for fibrinolysis shutdown in trauma is incompletely understood. Elastase released from primed/activated human neutrophils (HNE) has historically been described as fibrin(ogen)olytic. However, HNE can also degrade plasminogen (PLG) to angiostatin (ANG), retaining the Kringle domains but not the proteolytic Co-Corresponding Authors: Ernest E. Moore MD, 655 Broadway, Suite 365, Denver, CO 80203, Phone: 303-602-1816, ernest.moore@dhha.org; Michael B. Yaffe MD, PhD, Koch Institute, 500 Main Street, Room 353, Cambridge, MA 02139, Phone: 617-452-2103. Fax: 617-452-4978, myaffe@mit.edu. 1Denotes co-first author Meeting Presentations: This paper was presented at the 47th Annual Meeting of the Western Trauma Association, March 5-10th, 2017 in Snowbird, Utah. No conflicts of interest are reported. Authorship: The study was conceived by AB, HM, EM, CB, and MY. Experiments were designed and performed by CB and HM. Data analysis and interpretation was performed by CB, HM, AB, CS, EM, and MY. The manuscript was prepared and revised by CB, HM, EM, and MY. HHS Public Access Author manuscript J Trauma Acute Care Surg. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2018 December 01. Published in final edited form as: J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2017 December ; 83(6): 1053–1061. doi:10.1097/TA.0000000000001685. A uhor M anscript
Modulation of brain-dead induced inflammation by vagus nerve stimulation

Backround Brain death is associated with inflammation in end-organs. Because the vagus nerve is implicated in control of inflammation, we tested in the present study the hypothesis that brain death causes impairment of the parasympathetic nervous system, hence contributing to inflammation. Stimulation of the vagus nerve would therefore reduce the expression of inflammatory mediators during brain death. Methods Brain death (BD) was induced in F344 rats. Heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed in BD and ventilated rats by ECG. In the intervention group the vagus nerve of BD rats was electrically stimulated (BD+STIM). Intestine, kidney, heart and liver were harvested after 6h and processed for further analysis. Affymetrix chip-analysis was performed on intestinal RNA. Quantitative PCR was performed to confirm differences in gene expression. Serum was collected to investigate TNFα release and complement consumption. Syngeneic renal transplantations were performed to address the influence of vagus nerve stimulation on renal function. Results HRV was significantly lower in the BD group compared the ventilated NBD group, suggesting a change in parasympathetic activity. Vagus nerve stimulation inhibited the increase in serum TNFα concentrations and complement consumption. Affymetrix analysis, using RNA isolated from the small intestine, revealed that vagus stimulation resulted in down-regulation in a number of pro-inflammatory genes including cytokines, adhesion molecules and signalling molecules. This was confirmed in independent experiments by qPCR. In renal tissue vagus stimulation significantly decreased the expression of E-selectin and IL1 beta. In liver/heart IL-6 and VCAM-1/ TNF-α and E-selectin expression was higher in the BD group but this was not influenced by vagus stimulation. Renal transplantation revealed a significantly better renal function in recipients and a tendency for reduced renal inflammation. Conclusions Our study demonstrates impairment of the parasympathetic nervous system during BD. Stimulation of the vagus nerve reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory genes.
Prevention and treatment of peri-implant diseases: Cleaning of titanium dental implant surfaces

The research presented in this thesis assessed the effect of variable instruments on differed titanium dental implant surfaces. Furthermore, a clinical guideline was developed and recommendations are made regarding the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of peri-implant diseases. Air abrasive devices appear to be effective in removing biofilm from both smooth and rough titanium surfaces, without causing major changes on the surface structure and having the least effect on the biocompatibility of the treated surfaces. The selection of the powder seems to be of importance. Powders with tricalcium phosphate as additive may have a beneficial effect on the biological responses. From the available chemotherapeutic agents, citric acid and hydrogen peroxide seem to have the best potential. Regular controls and meticulous maintenance from both the patients and dental care professionals are mandatory to avoid problems. Baseline clinical and radiographic recordings are important to be able to follow implants over time and to differentiate between health and disease. The first time to assess probing pocket depths around implants should be around 8 weeks after prosthetic installation in order to give the soft tissue the necessary time to adapt. Changes in clinical and/or radiographic parameters can be an alarming sign. Patients should receive individually tailored instructions for optimal oral hygiene. Prevention and early diagnosis of problems is the key for long-term success with dental implants.
COSMO-SkyMed mission status

COnstellation of small Satellites for Mediterranean basin Observation (COSMO-SkyMed) is the largest Italian investment in Space Systems for Earth Observation, commissioned and funded by Italian Space Agency (ASI) and Italian Ministry of Defence (MoD). COSMO-SkyMed is a Dual-Use (Civilian and Defence) end-to-end Earth Observation System aimed at establishing a global service supplying provision of data, products and services compliant with well-established international standards and relevant to a wide range of applications, such as Risk Management, Scientific and Commercial Applications and Defence Applications. The system consists of a constellation of four LEO mid-sized satellites, each equipped with a multi-mode high-resolution SAR operating at X-band. The first and second COSMO-SkyMed satellites have been successfully launched the 8th of June and the 9th of December 2007 respectively, while the remaining two satellites will be gradually deployed by the end of 2009. COSMO-SkyMed 1 and 2 completed their Commissioning phase to test, verify and qualify the overall System and from the 1st of August both satellites are in the operational phase. The results of the commissioning phase of COSMO-SkyMed 1 and 2 are presented together with the Scientific Mission Exploitation strategy (i.e.: Announcement of Opportunity, Background Mission).
Comparison of averaging methods for velocity model building from well logs

Using high frequency sonic log data, we compare velocity estimation methods that use either two or three Taylor series terms (linear and quadratic models) to estimate velocity versus depth. Then we verify which method is more accurate with respect to the phase factor of the overall propagator. The estimated traveltime parameters are computed and analysed for the log data and for each averaging model. The analysis which is illustrated on well log data from the North Sea verifies that the velocity models which preserve the traveltime parameters have better accuracy than others.
"The Hawaii Earthquake of November 29, 1975: Low dip angle faulting due to forceful injection of magma""

The mechanism of the Hawaii earthquake of November 29, 1975 (Ms = 7.1), which took place on the south flank of Kilauea Volcano, is discussed on the basis of a comprehensive set of body wave and surface wave data, the aftershock distribution, and tsunami and crustal deformation data. The aftershock distribution defines a gently dipping plane at about 10-km depth beneath the south flank of Kilauea. This suggests that the shallowly dipping P wave nodal plane fits the fault of the Hawaii earthquake better than the nodal plane that has a nearly vertical dip angle. The fault length is fixed well by the aftershock distribution, which is also consistent with the tsunami and crustal deformation data. The fault width which is obtained from tsunami and crustal deformation data is, however, significantly greater than that obtained from the aftershock distribution. This discrepancy implies that about half of the main shock fault plane was not associated with aftershock activity. The source parameters are strike N70°E; dip angle 20°SSE; fault length 40 km; seismic moment 1.8×1027 dyne-cm; fault width 20–30 km; fault movement is pure normal dip slip of 3.7–5.5 m, and stress drop is 43–93 bars. Results of geodetic surveys throughout the twentieth century and a history of volcanic activity on Kilauea imply that a north-south compression due to magma injected into rift zones may have steadily increased on the south flank of Kilauea since the 1868 earthquake, an event comparable to the 1975 shock. This compressional stress was possibly released by the 1975 Hawaii earthquake. The long-term eruptive activity of Kilauea may be affected by large earthquakes like the 1868 and 1975 events and may also have a similar 100-yr recurrence interval.
Determination of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Serum by HPLC and Immunoassay,

Vitamin D status is usually assessed by measuring the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Its measurement is important as a clinical indicator of nutritional vitamin D deficiency, which is one of the causes of osteoporosis (1). Vitamin D exists in two forms: cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3) and ergocalciferol (vitamin D 2). Vitamin D 2 is further metabolized to 25(OH)D 2. Vitamin D 3 is formed in the skin from its precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol after ultraviolet irradiation or is absorbed from the diet (2). It is further hydroxylated in the liver to 25(OH)D 3 as the first step of its conversion in the kidney to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 , which is the biologically active form. 25(OH)D 3 is the main circulating form of vitamin D. Clinically it is important to measure both forms of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to monitor the effect of vitamin D 2 supplementation on total vitamin D status. The first routine methods for measurement of 25(OH)D concentrations in human plasma were based on competitive protein binding and used vitamin D-binding protein and a tritium-labeled tracer (3). These methods were replaced by a simpler, rapid RIA (4), and a radioiodinated tracer was incorporated into the RIA in 1993 (5). This assay principle is the basis of several commercially available methods. Quantitative HPLC assays have been developed based on ultraviolet detection and normal-phase separation (6), combined use of normal-and reversed-phase separations (7), or reversed-phase separation alone (8). Recently, reversed-phase HPLC methods for 25(OH)D 3 in human plasma have been developed with normal-phase prepurifi-cation of the sample (9) or liquid extraction only (10). Earlier HPLC methods for 25(OH)D 3 in serum were designed mainly for research purposes and were therefore too complicated for routine use. The present method was designed to be easy to use, sensitive, and rapid with simple sample preparation. Separation and quantification of 25(OH)D 3 from 25(OH)D 2 are achieved with an iso-cratic elution. To 0.5 mL of serum, we added 350 ␮L of methanol–2-propanol (80:20 by volume). The tubes were mixed in a Multitube vortex mixer for 30 s. 25(OH)D was extracted by mixing three times (60 s each time) with 2 mL of hexane. The phases were separated by centrifugation, and the upper organic phase was transferred to a conical tube and dried under nitrogen. The residue was dissolved in 100 ␮L of mobile phase. Calibration curves were constructed using four concentrations of 25(OH)D 3 (15–120 nmol/L; …
Kinematic constraints on distributed lithospheric deformation in the equatorial Indian Ocean from present motion between the Australian and Indian Plates

From an expanded, accurate, and up-to-date data set comprising 110 spreading rates, 46 transform azimuths, and 151 earthquake slip vectors from the Indian Ocean and Gulf of Aden, we determine a new rigid plate model describing the motion since 3 Ma between India and Australia. The Euler vector (ω = 0.313°/m.y. about 5°S, 78°E) lies near the middle of the equatorial, diffuse plate boundary dividing the Indian from the Australian plate and predicts a rate of north-south shortening along 85°E of 4±3 mm/yr, only 30% as fast as predicted by our prior model. The new model also predicts north-south extension of 6±2 mm/yr (at 68°E) along the western segment of the diffuse plate boundary, where our prior model predicted north-south contraction. Using data only along the Carlsberg and Central Indian ridges and no other plate boundaries, we show that plate motion data cannot be fit by a single Euler vector. However, the data are well fit by two Euler vectors when an east-west striking India-Australia plate boundary is assumed to intersect the Central Indian Ridge near the equator. The best location along the Central Indian Ridge for this triple junction is 6°S–3°S, with 95% confidence limits of 9°S–4°N, just west of a region of intense seismicity. The sense of deformation, as recorded in earthquake focal mechanisms, reverse faults mapped with reflection seismic data, and undulations in basement topography, surface gravity, and the geoid, agrees well with the north-south extension predicted in the western part and the north-south shortening predicted in the eastern part of the India-Australia boundary. The predicted rate of north-south shortening between 79°E and 86°E is consistent with the rate of shortening inferred from observed faulting and folding; shortening taken up by faulting is ∼6 to 100 times greater than that taken up by the spectacular basement folds. Little of the rapid north-south shortening predicted east of ∼86°E is taken up by crustal thickening. Instead, lithosphere is transported northeastward toward the Sumatra trench through strike-slip faulting and possible clockwise rotation. The failure of the convergent segment of the diffuse plate boundary to form a subducting trench provides some new observations that must be satisfied by models for the initiation of subduction. A model of separate, rigid Indian and Australian plates divided by a diffuse plate boundary appears to be valid and useful because the predictions of the model agree with independent data and because the predicted velocity of relative motion is statistically significant and comparable with that across other plate boundaries.
Delineation of Impervious Surface from Multispectral Imagery and Lidar Incorporating Knowledge Based Expert System Rules

An attempt to delineate impervious surfaces in the City of Scottsbluff, Nebraska, was made using multispectral high spatial resolution imagery and lidar data. An ISODATA classification was performed and results aggregated into two parent classes, impervious and pervious. The ISODATA classification yielded an overall accuracy of 91.0 percent with a Kappa of 82.0 percent. A Knowledge Based Expert System (KBES) set of rules was designed incorporating the imagery classification with lidar data to derive two models, Cover Height and Cover Slope, to provide critical information not available from multispectral imagery. The rules were applied to the initial ISODATA classification to improve the classification accuracy to an overall accuracy of 94.0 percent with a Kappa of 87.9 percent. In this study, it was shown that lidar holds promise for improving the accuracy of impervious surface measurement, as well as the potential identification and measurement of other significant planimetric features such as buildings and trees.
Evolution of the western Swiss Molasse basin: structural relations with the Alps and the Jura belt

Abstract The tectonic evolution of the NW alpine front and foreland basin is reviewed in the light of new structural and chrono-stratigraphical data. Seismic-reflection profiles from the Jura fold thrust belt and Molasse basin, surface-geology and thrust-system considerations lead to a complete cross-section of the NW Alpine front including the Helvetic domain. Restoration of this section places individual Cenozoic formations in their approximate palaeogeographic position. ‘Geohistory’ plots are constructed for five profiles along a SE-NW transect. Thrust front, onlap and forebulge advanced at high rates of 10–20 km/Ma−1 at the onset of foreland basin formation in the late Eocene/ early Oligocene (40–30 Ma). In these early stages, the foreland basin is an underfilled flexural trough with about 100 km width, less than 600 m water depth at the deepest point and less than 200 m of total accumulated sediments. From 30 to 22 Ma, thrust front and ‘pinch-out’ migrate at a decreased rate of about 5 km/Ma−1 northwestward. The basin width remains constant at around 100 km; an increased total subsidence (c. 2.7 km) is compensated by sedimentation. At around 22 Ma, the thrust front seems to come to a halt southeast of Lausanne, whereas a strong subsidence trend prevails. After the Serravallian (c. 12 Ma) the Alpine thrust front jumps by about 100 km northwestward from a position southeast of Lausanne to the external Jura leading to thrust related uplift, deformation and concommitant erosion of the entire basin fill. No new flexural foreland basin in response to the modified thrust- and load-geometry has yet been developed. The present-day Molasse basin is only a small remnant of a much larger foreland basin in a very advanced stage of its evolution.
Electron Microprobe Analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy in Geology: Frontmatter

This is an excellent book with an unusually extended scope that is highly recommended for all involved in electron microprobe and scanning electron microscope analysis. The book contains ten chapters encompassing: (1) An introduction to micro-beam techniques, including a brief summary of non-electron excited techniques, including PIXE, XRF, ion and laser microprobe methods (6 pp); (2) Theoretical aspects of electron excitation and X-ray production (14 pp); (3) Design details of electron-optical instrumentation (22 pp); (4) The design and operation of ED and WD X-ray spectrometers (22 pp); (5) The performance and capabilities of the scanning electron microscope with particular emphasis on recording topographic and compositional images, a chapter that is particularly well illustrated with black and white photomicrographs (31 pp);(6) Element mapping (15 pp);(7) Qualitative X-ray analysis and the i n t e r p r e t a t i o n of X-ray spec t ra (17 pp); (8) Quantitative X-ray analysis, including matrix correction procedures, light element analysis and a useful discussion of special cases including tilted and thin specimens, broad-beam and whole rock analysis, and the analysis of particles and fluid inclusions (32 pp); (9) Accuracy of X-ray analysis and factors such as surface roughness, porosity, beam damage, edge effects, the Fe valence problem that affect the interpretation of results (15 pp); (10) Specimen preparation (15 pp) and references cited (11 pp). Given the wide experience and extensive knowledge of the author, it goes without saying that this work is authoritative. However, there are several noteworthy features of this book. One is the way the treatment of the electron microprobe and scanning electron microscope are integrated, the second is the way in which theoretical aspects of instrumentation is integrated with practical applications. A third is the clarity of the text, illustrated by many line diagrams, spectral scans, black and white photomicrographs and a smaller number of colour plates. And finally the price of the paperback edition offers very good value for money. This book is aimed at geological postgraduate and postdoctoral researchers, those working in industrial laboratories as well as a basic text for those attending SEM and EMPA courses. As well as being highly recommended to all these users, established researchers will find value in the integrated approach followed in this book. In summary, a hit that is heading for the best seller list for this category of publication. P.J. Po~s
Teaching with collective resilience during COVID-19: Korean teachers and collaborative professionalism *

(cid:1) Korean teachers show transformability as a critical element of resilience during COVID-19. (cid:1) Contextual resources are mobilized to develop strategies for teachers to overcome unexpected challenges. (cid:1) Collaborative professionalism is the key to building collective resilience in the teaching profession. (cid:1) The conception of teacher resilience needs to be expanded as collective and communal forms beyond the individual level. (cid:1) Collective resilience strengthens long-term teacher development and sustains the teaching profession.