Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Encoding strategy affects false recall and recognition: Evidence from categorical study material

The present research investigated memory vulnerability to distortions. Different encoding strategies were used when categorized lists were studied. The authors assumed that an imagery strategy would be responsible for decreasing false memories more than a word-whispering strategy, which is consistent with the model of semantic access and previous research in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm (the DRM paradigm; Deese, 1959; Roediger & McDermott, 1995). A normative study of category lists and 4 experiments were conducted to verify the memory vulnerability to different encoding strategies (imagery, word-whispering, control). Half of subjects recalled and half recognized previously studied words. The results revealed a marked reduction in false recognition and recall after imagery encoding, relative to after word-whispering encoding.
Genetic analysis of the Drosophila ellipsoid body neuropil: organization and development of the central complex.

The central complex is an important center for higher-order brain function in insects. It is an intricate neuropil composed of four substructures. Each substructure contains repeated neuronal elements which are connected by processes such that topography is maintained. Although the neuronal architecture has been described in several insects and the behavioral role investigated in various experiments, the exact function of this neuropil has proven elusive. To describe the architecture of the central complex, we study 15 enhancer-trap lines that label various ellipsoid body neuron types. We find evidence for restriction of gene expression that is correlated with specific neuronal types: such correlations suggest functional classifications as well. We show that some enhancer-trap patterns reveal a single ellipsoid body neuron type, while others label multiple types. We describe the development of the ellipsoid body neuropil in wild-type animals and propose developmental mechanisms based on animals displaying structural mutations of this neuropil. The experiments performed here demonstrate the degree of resolution possible from the analysis of enhancer-trap lines and form a useful library of tools for future structure/function studies of the ellipsoid body.
A bar signature and central disc in the gaseous and stellar velocity fields of NGC 5448

We analyse SAURON kinematic maps of the inner kpc of the early-type (Sa) barred spiral galaxy NGC 5448. The observed morphology and kinematics of the emissionline gas is patchy and perturbed, indicating clear departures from circular motion. The kinematics of the stars is more regular, and display a small inner disk-like system embedded in a large-scale rotating structure. We focus on the [O iii] gas, and use a harmonic decomposition formalism to analyse the gas velocity field. The higher-order harmonic terms and the main kinematic features of the observed data are consistent with an analytically constructed simple bar model. The bar model is derived using linear theory, considering an m = 2 perturbation mode, and with bar parameters which are consistent with the large-scale bar detected via imaging. We also study optical and near infra-red images to reveal the asymmetric extinction in NGC 5448, and we recognise that some of the deviations between the data and the analytical bar model may be due to these complex dust features. Our study illustrates how the harmonic decomposition formalism can be used as a powerful tool to quantify non-circular motions in observed gas velocity fields.
Serum Ferritin and Iron Status in Mothers and Newborn Infants

Iron status, including hemoglobin, S‐ferritin, S‐iron, S‐transferrin, transferrin saturation and the erythrocyte zincprotophorphyrin/hemoglobin (ZPP:Hb) ratio, was evaluated in 85 healthy iron‐supplemented mothers at parturition and in 74 of their term newborn infants. Of the mothers, 17% had a S‐ferritin level < 15 μg/l (i.e. depleted iron stores), 9.9% had S‐ferritin < 15 μg/l and transferrin saturation < 15% (i.e. latent iron deficiency), and 2.4% had S‐ferritin <15 μg/l, transferrin saturation <15% and Hb < 120 g/l (i.e. iron deficiency anemia). Newborn infants had higher S‐ferritin than mothers: median 128 μg/l versus 21 μ/l (p<0.0001), higher transferrin saturation: 48% vs. 21% (p<0.0001), and higher ZPP:Hb ratio: 74 μmol/mol Hb vs. 41 μmol/mol Hb (p<0.0001). During the first 5 post‐natal days, median S‐ferritin rose from 128 to 236 μg/l (p<0.0001). S‐ferritin appeared to be the best single indicator of maternal iron status. Ferritin levels in newborn infants were correlated to levels in mothers (rs = 0.36, p<0.01), indicating that fetal iron reserves are dependent on maternal iron stores.
Using a Language Independent Domain Model for Multilingual Information Extraction

The volume of electronic text in different languages, particularly on the World Wide Web, is growing significantly, and the problem of users who are restricted in the number of languages they read obtaining information from this text is becoming more widespread. This article investigates some of the issues involved in achieving multilingual information extraction (IE), describes the approach adopted in the M-LaSIE-II IE system, which addresses these problems, and presents the results of evaluating the approach against a small parallel corpus of English/French newswire texts. The approach is based on the assumption that it is possible to construct a language independent representation of concepts relevant to the domain, at least for the small well-defined domains typical of IE tasks, allowing multilingual IE to be successfully carried out without requiring full machine translation.
Visualizing lignin coalescence and migration through maize cell walls following thermochemical pretreatment

Plant cell walls are composed primarily of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignins, and pectins. Of these components, lignins exhibit unique chemistry and physiological functions. Although lignins can be used as a product feedstock or as a fuel, lignins are also generally seen as a barrier to efficient enzymatic breakdown of biomass to sugars. Indeed, many pretreatment strategies focus on removing a significant fraction of lignin from biomass to better enable saccharification. In order to better understand the fate of biomass lignins that remain with the solids following dilute acid pretreatment, we undertook a structural investigation to track lignins on and in biomass cell walls. SEM and TEM imaging revealed a range of droplet morphologies that appear on and within cell walls of pretreated biomass; as well as the specific ultrastructural regions that accumulate the droplets. These droplets were shown to contain lignin by FTIR, NMR, antibody labeling, and cytochemical staining. We provide evidence supporting the idea that thermochemical pretreatments reaching temperatures above the range for lignin phase transition cause lignins to coalesce into larger molten bodies that migrate within and out of the cell wall, and can redeposit on the surface of plant cell walls. This decompartmentalization and relocalization of lignins is likely to be at least as important as lignin removal in the quest to improve the digestibility of biomass for sugars and fuels production. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of stress dependent relative permeability of low permeable rocks injected with supercritical CO2

Civil and Structural Engineering Department, Graduate School of Engineering Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-sh 819-0395, Japan Department of Civil and Env. Eng., School of Mining and Petroleum Eng., University of Alberta, 3-112 Markin/CNRL, Edmonton T6G 2W2, Alberta Canada Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
It is time to give concussion an operational definition: a 3-step process to diagnose (or rule out) concussion within 48 h of injury: World Rugby guideline

Concussion is the number one injury risk in contact and collision sports. Identification of concussive events is critical to optimise injury management and, as identified by Quarrie and Murphy,1 to undertake accurate injury surveillance studies. The Zurich Consensus Statement on Concussion2 provides an expanded theoretical or conceptual definition of concussion but there is not yet an operational definition of concussion. In 2012 World Rugby introduced a new pitch side process for assessment of head injuries, called the head injury assessment (HIA). 3 During the evolution of this process an operational definition of concussion has been developed and successfully implemented. This World Rugby operational definition of concussion was developed with the intent of increasing recognition and sensitivity of diagnosis within the sport and subsequently to improve player welfare and safety. Confirmed cases of concussion must follow the recommended rest and graduated return to play programme that serves as a final part of the serial evaluation process. During the development of this operational definition of concussion it was agreed that this definition should address the timing of concussion assessment(s), how the diagnosis of concussion is confirmed or excluded and the …
NLARE, a natural language processing tool for automatic requirements evaluation

Most research works have found that an important root cause of software project failure comes from the requirements; their quality has an important impact over other artifacts. As the requirements are expressed in natural language, they can be an important source of defects. Aspects such as non ambiguity, completeness, and atomicity can be affected due the characteristics of natural language. Traditional practices focus on finding software bugs, as a corrective approach, until the project has been coded already, instead assuring quality since the beginning. By other hand, evaluating such quality attributes can be a difficult task. In this paper we propose some guidelines for a disciplined sentence structure for expressing the requirements, which allows natural language processing techniques to evaluate quality. We also propose a tool for automatic requirement evaluation based on the grammar structure of sentences expressed in natural language. With this tool we have a huge speed increase over manual evaluation. In order to validate our proposal we have implemented a set of experiments with real projects, assessing the impact of requirements quality over project results.
Quality control: a panel on the critique and criticism of design research

Design research is an emerging area in design that has increasing relevance to the field of HCI. While we have made advances in integrating design research methods, approaches, and outcomes in HCI, we still have a way to go. This is due to fundamental differences in the development of design knowledge as compared to scientific knowledge and knowledge about human theories of behavior. We call together this panel at CHI 2011, comprised of leading HCIdesign researchers, to explore ways to develop and refine critical discussions of design research within the HCI community.
Mining Top-k Co-Occurrence Patterns across Multiple Streams

The recent Bigdata and IoT era has presented a number of applications that generate objects in a streaming fashion. It is well-known that real-time mining of important patterns from data streams support many domains. In retail markets and social network services, for example, such patterns are itemsets and words that frequently appear in many user-accounts, i.e., co-occurrence patterns. To efficiently monitor co-occurrence patterns, we address the novel problem of mining top-k closed co-occurrence patterns across multiple streams. We employ sliding window setting in this problem, and each pattern is ranked based on count, which is the number of streams that have generated the pattern. Since objects are consecutively generated and deleted, the count of a given pattern is dynamic, which may change the rank of the pattern. This renders a challenge to monitoring the top-k answer in real-time. We propose an index-based algorithm that addresses the challenge and provides the exact answer. Specifically, we propose the CP-Graph, a hybrid index of graph and inverted file structures. The CP-Graph can efficiently compute the count of a given pattern and update the answer while pruning unnecessary patterns. Our experimental study on real datasets demonstrates the efficiency and scalability of our solution.
Experimenting with ARM TrustZone -- Or: How I Met Friendly Piece of Trusted Hardware

ARM TrustZone is an emerging embedded security technology based on the split of a system into a secure and normal world. Currently a number of System-on-Chip platforms exist, which include support for ARM TrustZone. Unfortunately relatively little work has been done on open-source software for TrustZone systems. In our belief this is partly caused by the lack of cost-efficient development boards, which allow access to ARM TrustZone features. This paper discusses experiences made by the authors with a rather inexpensive development board and shows how system-level development on TrustZone-enabled hardware is possible in class-room settings.
A Control Dichotomy for Pure Scoring Rules

Scoring systems are an extremely important class of election systems. A length-m (so-called) scoring vector applies only to m-candidate elections. To handle general elections, one must use a family of vectors, one per length. The most elegant approach to making sure such families are "family-like'' is the recently introduced notion of (polynomial-time uniform) pure scoring rules, where each scoring vector is obtained from its precursor by adding one new coefficient. We obtain the first dichotomy theorem for pure scoring rules for a control problem. In particular, for constructive control by adding voters (CCAV), we show that CCAV is solvable in polynomial time for k-approval with k<=3, k-veto with k<=2, every pure scoring rule in which only the two top-rated candidates gain nonzero scores, and a particular rule that is a "hybrid" of 1-approval and 1-veto. For all other pure scoring rules, CCAV is NP-complete. We also investigate the descriptive richness of different models for defining pure scoring rules, proving how more rule-generation time gives more rules, proving that rationals give more rules than do the natural numbers, and proving that some restrictions previously thought to be "w.l. o.g. " in fact do lose generality.
Development of SLS fuel cell current collectors

Purpose – This paper aims to present a new fabrication method for fuel cell current collectors. Demonstration of its usefulness and discussion of its impact on current collector design and performance are also given.Design/methodology/approach – The selective laser sintering (SLS) technique is used to create green parts followed by a high temperature curing process and pressureless infiltration treatment to meet basic part design requirements.Findings – A material system and process satisfying both manufacturing constraints and product property requirements can be used for fabrication of current collectors via SLS. Relative particle size and composition of the constituents play an important role in successful manufacture of the plates. Strategies to improve electrical conductivity are also discussed.Originality/value – A new manufacturing method has been developed for the construction of fuel cell current collectors that could generate opportunities for performance enhancement and fuel cell application by.
Sustainable self-healing structural composites

Self-healing composites are composite materials capable of automatic recovery when damaged. They are inspired by biological systems such as the human skin which are naturally able to heal themselves. Over the past two decades, two major self-healing concepts – based respectively on the use of capsules and vascular networks containing healing agents - have been proposed and material property recovery has been enhanced from 60% to nearly 100%. However, this improvement is still not sufficient to allow self-healing composites to be applied in practice because the healing capability varies with many external factors such as ambient temperatures and damage conditions. The key to the practical application of self-healing composites is to promote the sustainability of healing capacity to make the recovery robust. The thesis presents various techniques to enhance the healing capacity of fibre-reinforced composites to realise strong recovery regardless of ambient temperatures or material types. It presents the effects of various popular configurations of vascular networks on the flexural properties and healing performances of fibre-reinforced composites. The thesis demonstrates a design enabling recovery at ultra-low temperatures by using hollow vascular networks and porous heating elements. It also presents a new healing mechanism to repair the broken structural carbon fibres by incorporating conventional healing agents with short carbon fibres which could be aligned in an in situ electric field. The mechanism was also adopted to enable the restoration of the conductivity of a fibre-reinforced composite incorporating a porous conductive element, a carbon nanotube sheet, which could be used as a heating actuator or a sensing component. Thus, the development reported in this thesis have contributed to promoting the sustainability of the recovery of self-healing composites.
AKT signalling in the failing heart

AKT is a serine/threonine protein kinase, also known as protein kinase B, which regulates cardiac growth, myocardial angiogenesis, glucose metabolism, and cell death in cardiac myocytes. AKT is activated by its phosphorylation at Thr 308 and ser 473 by PDK1 and mTORC2, respectively, in response to trophic stimuli such as insulin and insulin growth factor. c‐Jun N‐Terminal Kinases (JNKs) phosphorylate AKT at Thr 450 and potentiate its interaction with its downstream effectors. The short‐term activation of AKT promotes physiological hypertrophy and protection from myocardial injury; whereas, its long‐term activation causes pathological hypertrophy and heart failure. In this review we will discuss the role of AKT in regulating signalling pathways in the heart with special emphasis on the role of AKT in modulating stress induced autophagic cell death in cardiomyocytes in vitro.
What are you doing? How active and observational experience shape infants' action understanding

From early in life, infants watch other people's actions. How do young infants come to make sense of actions they observe? Here, we review empirical findings on the development of action understanding in infancy. Based on this review, we argue that active action experience is crucial for infants' developing action understanding. When infants execute actions, they form associations between motor acts and the sensory consequences of these acts. When infants subsequently observe these actions in others, they can use their motor system to predict the outcome of the ongoing actions. Also, infants come to an understanding of others’ actions through the repeated observation of actions and the effects associated with them. In their daily lives, infants have plenty of opportunities to form associations between observed events and learn about statistical regularities of others’ behaviours. We argue that based on these two forms of experience—active action experience and observational experience—infants gradually develop more complex action understanding capabilities.
A fiber optic pressure transducer.

A pressure transducer with an outside diameter of 0.190" has been built and statically tested. The transducer used a glass fiber bundle 0.109" in diameter to transmit and receive reflected light from a pressure diaphragm. The amount of light returned to a photosensor was dependent upon the diaphragm shape and relative position from the optic fiber bundle. The response was linear over a pressure range which was dependent upon the diaphragm thickness. Several fiber optic probes with different fiber distributions were tested. The random fiber distribution gave the greatest sensitivity. However, with suitable choice of gain selection, pressure range could be sacrificed for increased pressure resolution for any combination of fiber distribution and diaphragm thickness . A theory was developed for a coaxial fiber distribution with the source light transmitted by the inner circle of fibers and operating with reflection from a flat surface. The theory provided a response curve shape which compared with the measured response.
Clinical Application of MicroRNA Testing in Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract

It is well documented that dysregulation of microRNAs is a hallmark of human cancers. Thus, this family of small non-coding regulatory molecules represents an excellent source of sensitive biomarkers. Unique microRNAs expression profiles have been associated with different types and subsets of gastrointestinal tumors including gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). GEP-NETs are a heterogeneous group of epithelial neoplasms with neuroendocrine differentiation. At present, early detection and surgical resection of GEP-NETs represent the best chance for a cure. Thus, clinically useful biomarkers for GEP-NETs that strongly correlate with early detection are urgently needed. The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of miRNAs in GEP-NET carcinogenesis and their possible use as novel diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers.
Correlations between functional Interleukin-1 and changes in fatigue and quality of life in children and adolescents with cancer.

95 Background: Several studies have explored the hypothesis of involvement of the immune system in the cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and quality of life in adults with cancer via release of cytokines. However, how the immune system may produce these outcomes remains a largely unanswered question. Furthermore, research on fatigue in children and adolescents with cancer has included primarily self-reports of this symptom, with scarce although increasing data exploring biologic variables related to this symptom. METHODS To comprehensively examine the influence of cytokines in the fatigue and health related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents with cancer, we investigated the plasma levels of pro and anti-inflamatory cytokines and its correlation with fatigue and HRQOL in children and adolescents with cancer. Plasma levels of 6 cytokines were measured via flow cytometry. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 33 hospitalized children and adolescents aged between 8 and 18 years. We found a correlation between general fatigue and IL-1β (r = -0.361, p = 0.039) and correlation with quality of life was noted with IL-1β (r = -0.382, p = 0.028). The results of this research indicate that there may be a relationship between cytokines and fatigue, and HRQOL in children and adolescents with cancer. When analyzed the correlation between fatigue and some confounding variables found the link between general fatigue and neutrophils (r = -0.360, p = 0.040). This correlation is a novel found in this population under cancer condition, implicating a possible interleukin-hematological pathway for CRF in oncology. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms the potential role of cytokines in developing cancer-related symptoms, thus supporting the utility of the neuroimmunological approach to the discovery of biomarkers linked to the clusters of cancer-related symptoms.