Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
USING TECHNOLOGY TO DOCUMENT CHILDREN'S WORK

The Early Childhood Education Curriculum of Metropolitan State College is based strongly on a constructivist philosophy whereby children construct their own knowledge as a consequence of their activities as opposed to other philosophies that emphasize that learning occurs as a result of what is taught. It is therefore important that college students seeking licensure in early childhood keenly observe and research children's construction of knowledge and thereby help the young children proceed at the appropriate developmental level. The constructivist theory is used in the Project Approach (Katz & Chard, 1989) and at Reggio Emilia. In 1996,1 had the opportunity to study at the Reggio Emilia Preschools in Reggio Emilia, Italy. I wanted to replicate the inclusion of children's ideas, theories, or questions into curriculum planning (Bredekamp & Copple, 1997) that is characteristic of the Reggio schools. In the Continuum of Teaching Behaviors according to Bredekamp and Rosegrant (1995), teachers are using the mediating behaviors of facilitation, support, scaffolding, and co-construction. Such teaching is possible only when teaching is in the zone of proximal development (Berk & Winsler, 1995, Bodrova & Leong, 1996). To understand the mediating rules as opposed to directive roles, preservice teachers must understand the variety of ways in which students learn as well as the way children develop. Practicing the pedagogy of listening provides the preservice teachers a means to better understand their continuum of teaching behaviors and to plan connected curriculum.
Mood-dependent retrieval and mood awareness

Abstract In six experiments, subjects were induced into happy or sad moods prior to studying a list of words, and then induced into either the same or different mood prior to freely recalling the list. In addition, subjects were administered various individual difference measures of mood states. The hypothesis was that subjects who profess to be most aware of their moods would be most likely to show disrupted performance when study and test moods were different. Mood-dependent performance was not generally observed, nor was there any evidence that it more consistently emerged for high-aware subjects.
Green sailing of solar PV powered country boat using buck-boost chopper

The objective of this paper is to propose a country boat utilising the application of stand-alone photovoltaic system using Buck-Boost converter which simplifies the power system and stabilize the economic factor. From the viewpoint of environmental protection it is very much essential to regulate the amount of exhaust gases emitted from the diesel engines which are used in normal country boat for sailing in short or long distances. In general, nitrogen oxide, sulphur oxide and particulate matters are considered as toxic substances in exhaust gas from diesel engines, as it causes several fatal diseases. Hence a green sailing country boat, which is solar photovoltaic powered is an alternative solution of diesel engine fitted country boat. Performance and control of DC-DC converter are essential in PV applications. This converter here is a Buck-Boost converter which feeds a DC load. The simulation has been accomplished in software of MATLAB Math works.
The Number of Glutamate Transporter Subtype Molecules at Glutamatergic Synapses: Chemical and Stereological Quantification in Young Adult Rat Brain

The role of transporters in shaping the glutamate concentration in the extracellular space after synaptic release is controversial because of their slow cycling and because diffusion alone gives a rapid removal. The transporter densities have been measured electrophysiologically, but these data are from immature brains and do not give precise information on the concentrations of the individual transporter subtypes. Here we show by quantitative immunoblotting that the numbers of the astroglial glutamate transporters GLAST (EAAT1) and GLT (EAAT2) are 3200 and 12,000 per μm3 tissue in the stratum radiatum of adult rat hippocampus (CA1) and 18,000 and 2800 in the cerebellar molecular layer, respectively. The total astroglial cell surface is 1.4 and 3.8 m2/cm3 in the two regions, respectively, implying average densities of GLAST and GLT molecules in the membranes around 2300 and 8500 μm−2 in the former and 4700 and 740 μm−2 in the latter region. The total concentration of glial glutamate transporters in both regions corresponds to three to five times the estimated number of glutamate molecules in one synaptic vesicle from each of all glutamatergic synapses. However, the role of glial glutamate transporters in limiting synaptic spillover is likely to vary between the two regions because of differences in the distribution of astroglia. Synapses are completely ensheathed and separated from each other by astroglia in the cerebellar molecular layer. In contrast, synapses in hippocampus (stratum radiatum) are only contacted by astroglia and are often found side by side without intervening glial processes.
Time evolution of X-ray coronal activity in PMS stars; a possible relation with the evolution of accretion disks

We investigate the evolution of X-ray stellar activity from the age of the youngest known star forming regions (SFR), <1 Myr, to about 100 Myr, i.e. the zero age main sequence (ZAMS) for a ∼1 Mstar. We consider five SFR of varying age (ρ Ophiuchi, the Orion Nebula Cluster, NGC 2264, Chamaeleon I, and η Chamaeleontis) and two young clusters (the Pleiades and NGC 2516). Optical and X-ray data for these regions are retrieved both from archival observations and recent literature, and reanalyzed here in a consistent manner so as to minimize systematic differences in the results. We study trends of LX and LX/Lbol as a function of stellar mass and association age. For low mass stars (M < 1 M� ) we observe an increase in LX/Lbol in the first 3-4 Myr and a subsequent leveling off at the saturation level (LX/Lbol ∼− 3). Slowly evolving very low mass stars then retain saturated levels down to the oldest ages here considered, while for higher mass stars activity begins to decline at some age after ∼10 7 years. We find our data consistent with the following tentative picture: low mass PMS stars with no circumstellar accretion disk have saturated activity, consistently with the activity-Rossby number relation derived for MS stars. Accretion and/or the presence of disks somehow lowers the observed activity levels; disk dissipation and/or the decrease of mass accretion rate in the first few Myrs of PMS evolution is therefore responsible for the observed increase of LX/Lbol with time.
Learning to Tag from Logic Constraints in Hyperlinked Environments

This paper presents a novel framework to integrate prior knowledge, represented as a collection of First Order Logic (FOL) clauses, into regularization over discrete domains. In particular, we consider tasks in which a set of items are connected to each other by given relationships yielding a graph, whose nodes correspond to the available objects, and it is required to estimate a set of functions defined on each node of the graph, given a small set of labeled nodes for each function. The available prior knowledge imposes a set of constraints among the function values. In particular, we consider background knowledge expressed as FOL clauses, whose predicates correspond to the functions and whose variables range over the nodes of the graph. These clauses can be converted into a set of constraints that can be embedded into a graph regularization schema. The experimental results evaluate the proposed technique on an image tagging task, showing how the proposed approach provides a significantly higher tagging accuracy than simple graph regularization.
Closed-loop Pallet Engagement in an Unstructured Environment

This paper addresses the problem of autonomous manipulation of a priori unknown palletized cargo with a robotic lift truck. More specifically, we describe coupled perception and control algorithms that enable the vehicle to engage and drop off loaded pallets relative to locations on the ground or arbitrary truck beds. With little prior knowledge of the objects with which the vehicle is to interact, we present an estimation framework that utilizes a series of classifiers to infer the objects’ structure and pose from individual LIDAR scans. The different classifiers share a low-level shape estimation algorithm that uses a linear program to robustly segment input data to generate a set of weak candidate features. We present and analyze the performance of the segmentation and subsequently describe its role in our estimation algorithm. We then evaluate the performance of the motion controller that, given an estimate for a pallet’s pose, we employ to safely engage a pallet. We conclude with a validation of our algorithms for a set of real world pallet and truck interactions.
Early Th1 / Th2 cell polarization in the absence of IL‐4 and IL‐12: T cell receptor signaling regulates the response to cytokines in CD4 and CD8 T cells

Differentiation of developing T cells into the type 1 (IFN‐γ‐producing) or type 2 (IL‐4‐producing) subsets is a central theme of immune regulation. The balance of IL‐4 and IL‐12 present during T cell activation has been considered the major influence on type 1 versus type 2 development. Here we show that CD4 T cells can become biased towards type 1 or type 2 phenotypes during their initial activation in the absence of IL‐4 or IL‐12. This type of regulation is dependent on the balance of MAPkinase, protein kinase C, and calcineurin signaling after TCR engagement. Later maturation of Th1 or Th2 effectors is dependent on IL‐12 or IL‐4. However Tc1 CD8 effector development is independent of IL‐12, and Tc2 cell generation requires both appropriate TCR signals and IL‐4 early ineffector development. Using an altered peptide ligand to stimulate TCR transgenic T cells, we show that altered signaling regulates the numbers of CD8 cells capable of developing into Tc2 effectors, and also their responsiveness to IL‐4. Together, the results support a two‐stage model of differentiation in which intermediate cells biased towards the type 1 or type 2 pathways after activation, are subsequently matured in response to IL‐12 or IL‐4, respectively.
Practice Effect of the Wingate Anaerobic Test

The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of a practice effect on the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT). Twenty-five young adult men (mean age = 20 years) performed 2 trials of the WAnT, which were separated by 7 days. Mean peak power (PP) and mean power (MP) for trials I and II were compared using a 1-way repeated measures analysis of variance to determine if a practice effect existed. Mean PP and MP scores were significantly higher (p < 0.025) on trial II (867.64 and 634.68 W for PP and MP, respectively) than on trial I (764.48 and 604.92 W), indicating that a practice effect occurred. Effect size (Cohen's d) for PP and MP was 0.72 and 0.35, indicating a large effect and small effect, respectively. Therefore, at least 1 full administration should be performed prior to a baseline power output measurement.
Preference-aware Integration of Temporal Data

A complete description of an entity is rarely contained in a single data source, but rather, it is often distributed across different data sources. Applications based on personal electronic health records, sentiment analysis, and financial records all illustrate that significant value can be derived from integrated, consistent, and queryable profiles of entities from different sources. Even more so, such integrated profiles are considerably enhanced if temporal information from different sources is carefully accounted for. We develop a simple and yet versatile operator, called prawn, that is typically called as a final step of an entity integration workflow. Prawn is capable of consistently integrating and resolving temporal conflicts in data that may contain multiple dimensions of time based on a set of preference rules specified by a user (hence the name prawn for preference-aware union). In the event that not all conflicts can be resolved through preferences, one can enumerate each possible consistent interpretation of the result returned by prawn at a given time point through a polynomial-delay algorithm. In addition to providing algorithms for implementing prawn, we study and establish several desirable properties of prawn. First, prawn produces the same temporally integrated outcome, modulo representation of time, regardless of the order in which data sources are integrated. Second, prawn can be customized to integrate temporal data for different applications by specifying application-specific preference rules. Third, we show experimentally that our implementation of prawn is feasible on both "small" and "big" data platforms in that it is efficient in both storage and execution time. Finally, we demonstrate a fundamental advantage of prawn: we illustrate that standard query languages can be immediately used to pose useful temporal queries over the integrated and resolved entity repository.
Visible light communications using organic light emitting diodes

Organic VLC is an emerging subset of visible light communications that uses organic photonic components as the link transmitter, receiver or both. Recent developments in organic LEDs have enabled high efficiency and brightness devices that can be used for data transmission as in conventional VLC systems. VLC utilizes the visible wavelength range of the electromagnetic spectrum (370-780 nm). Here we demonstrate an organic VLC link using an OLED with 93 kHz bandwidth as the source and a silicon photodetector with 5 MHz bandwidth and a 10 dB gain as the receiver. A wide range of modulation schemes are examined; and, as is commonplace in communications systems, equalization techniques are implemented to maximize data rates into the megabits per second region, and 2.7 Mb/s was achieved.
Social Skills Difficulty: Model of Culture Shock for International Graduate Students

This study expanded and tested Furnham and Bochner's (1982) model of culture shock, employing a sample of 156 male international students in a Canadian university. Path analysis was used to assess the effects of cultural differences, size of co-national group, family status, cross-cultural experience, and social interaction with hosts on culture shock. Results suggested that social interaction with hosts plays an important role in international students' adjustment.
Safety and efficacy of sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting coronary stents.

BACKGROUND The safety of drug-eluting stents has been called into question by recent reports of increased stent thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and death. Such studies have been inconclusive because of their insufficient size, the use of historical controls, a limited duration of follow-up, and a lack of access to original source data. METHODS We performed a pooled analysis of data from four double-blind trials in which 1748 patients were randomly assigned to receive either sirolimus-eluting stents or bare-metal stents and five double-blind trials in which 3513 patients were randomly assigned to receive either paclitaxel-eluting stents or bare-metal stents; we then analyzed the major clinical end points of the trials. RESULTS The 4-year rates of stent thrombosis were 1.2% in the sirolimus-stent group versus 0.6% in the bare-metal-stent group (P=0.20) and 1.3% in the paclitaxel-stent group versus 0.9% in the bare-metal-stent group (P=0.30). However, after 1 year, there were five episodes of stent thrombosis in patients with sirolimus-eluting stents versus none in patients with bare-metal stents (P=0.025) and nine episodes in patients with paclitaxel-eluting stents versus two in patients with bare-metal stents (P=0.028). The 4-year rates of target-lesion revascularization were markedly reduced in both the sirolimus-stent group and the paclitaxel-stent group, as compared with the bare-metal-stent groups. The rates of death or myocardial infarction did not differ significantly between the groups with drug-eluting stents and those with bare-metal stents. CONCLUSIONS Stent thrombosis after 1 year was more common with both sirolimus-eluting stents and paclitaxel-eluting stents than with bare-metal stents. Both drug-eluting stents were associated with a marked reduction in target-lesion revascularization. There were no significant differences in the cumulative rates of death or myocardial infarction at 4 years.
Morphology of the Golgi‐impregnated lugaro cell in the rat cerebellar cortex: A reappraisal with a description of its axon

We present a detailed description of the somatodendritic and axonal features of the Golgi‐impregnated Lugaro cell in the rat cerebellar cortex. This neuron, present throughout the cerebellum, is characterized by a fusiform cell body located at the border between the granular and Purkinje cell layers, horizontal bipolar dendrites extending in the parasagittal plane and an axon projecting exclusively to the molecular and granular layers. A quantitative analysis of 77 Lugaro cells confirms the somatodendritic homogeneity of this cell type. Computer reconstructions showed that the bipolar dendrites spread like an horizontal X centered by the cell body, implying that Lugaro cells are arranged in a flat lattice just beneath the Purkinje cell layer. Fifty‐seven Lugaro cells with sufficiently impregnated axons displayed a common pattern of organization with, nevertheless, a certain variability of the axonal trajectory. Some axons projected directly into the molecular layer with a profuse plexus spreading just above the parent cell. Other axons first traveled downwards into the granular layer, sometimes even reaching and passing into the white matter. They always hooked back to reascend through the granular layer and also finally terminate in the molecular layer, near and sometimes at a distance from the parent cell. In a few samples, one or two remote axon collaterals were seen to extend longitudinally in the lower molecular layer for a few hundred microns, in the same direction as the parallel fibers. In all cases a few collaterals projected into the granular layer.
Cooperative Caching Scheme for Content Oriented Networking

In this letter, we propose a novel cooperative caching scheme for the next-generation Internet — content oriented networking (CON), trying to minimize the content access delay for mobile users. We formulate the caching problem as a mixed integer programming model and propose a heuristic solution based on Lagrangian relaxation. Simulation results show that this scheme can greatly reduce content access delay.
Mobile malware exposed

In this paper, we propose a new method to detect malicious activities on mobile devices by examining an application's runtime behavior. To this end, we use the Xposed framework to build a monitoring module that generates behavior profiles for applications. The module integrates with our intrusion detection system which then analyzes and reports on the profiles. We use this tool to detect malicious behavior patterns using both a custom-written malware and a real one. We also detect behavior patterns for some popular applications from the Google Play Store to expose their functionality. The results show that standard techniques that are used to evade static analysis are not effective against our monitoring approach. This approach can also be generalized to detect unknown malware or expose exact application behavior to the user.
Autoregulation of XTcf‐4 depends on a Lef/Tcf site on the XTcf‐4 promoter

The restricted expression of XTcf‐4 in the anterior midbrain is regulated via an active wnt/β‐catenin pathway (Kunz et al., 2004 , Dev Biol 273:390‐401). The molecular mechanism of this autoregulatory loop, however, remained elusive. Here we show that the activity of a 1,775 bp promoter fragment containing a consensus Lef/Tcf binding site at position −1,437 to −1,428 is upregulated by activating transcription factors of the Lef/Tcf family. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that endogenous β‐catenin is bound to the Lef/Tcf site on the promoter. Thus, regulation of XTcf‐4 by canonical wnt‐signaling is directly controlled by binding to and activating a consensus Lef/Tcf binding site within its own promoter. genesis 46:81–86, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Event-based filtering for discrete time-varying systems

In this paper, the event-based finite-horizon filtering problem is investigated for discrete time-varying systems. For the purpose of reducing communication, a general event generator is employed to determine the event time instant and then transmit the measurement output to the remote time-varying filter. By utilizing the stochastic analysis techniques, sufficient conditions are derived for a finite-horizon filter to satisfy the prescribed H∞ performance requirement. These conditions are expressed in terms of the feasibility of a series of recursive linear matrix inequalities. The effectiveness of the proposed filter design scheme is illustrated by a numerical simulation.
Aneurysm of aortic homograft with rupture into the duodenum.

Introduction Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage is a serious and often fatal condition, requiring the joint efforts of the physician and the surgeon. Prompt recognition of uncontrolled hemorrhage warrants the immediate attendance of a surgeon. Although the great majority of gastrointestinal hemorrhages are due to peptic ulcer, esophageal varices, carcinoma of the stomach, and gastritis, there is a small group of cases for which surgery is mandatory. Rupture of an aortic aneurysm into the gastrointestinal tract has infrequently been reported, and only recently has a patient with one survived. 20 The occurrence of an aneurysm developing in an aortic homograft with subsequent rupture into the gastrointestinal tract has not previously been reported, to our knowledge. The following report represents such a case with survival. Report of a Case The patient, aged 70, was first admitted to Seaside Memorial Hospital on March 5, 1958, at 6:50 p. m. Four hours prior to admission