Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Assessment of Depression in Children

Evaluation of the overlap in symptomatology of depressed, anxious, and depressed and anxious children is described. Fifty-nine children from grades 4 through 7, including 14 who received a DSM-III-R diagnosis of a depressive disorder, 11 with a diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, 16 with a comorbid depressive and anxiety disorder, and 18 nondisturbed controls, completed the Children's Depression Inventory, Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, Hopelessness Scale for Children, and Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory. Diagnoses were determined by the children's responses to a well-respected semi-structured clinical interview. Results indicated that all three diagnostic groups differed significantly from the non-disturbed controls across all of the self-report paper-and-pencil measures. However, in general, the three diagnostic groups could not be differentiated based on their responses to these measures. Implications for the negative affectivity hypothesis and future research are discussed.
An Exorcism in Zanzibar: Insights into Groups from Another Culture

Imagine, if you would, a bare concrete building in one of the less desirable areas of Zanzibar City. A woman is sitting on the earth in the middle of the main room, with a black cloth over her head and upper trunk. She is surrounded by a closely pressed crowd of women chanting and clapping sticks in rhythm to a ground bass from three musicians who are sitting by one wall. In front of her are a group of men who are more detached from the proceedings than the women, but who are also occasionally chanting and throwing in comments. One of the men appears to be in a trance with sweat standing out on his face and rigid muscles. He occasionally makes strange moaning sounds or whirls round in a striking, melodramatic gesture. Two or three of the other men take a more active part in leading the chanting from time to time, and one of them, who is sitting in front of the woman, addresses a string of sotto voce remarks to her, clicking away near her ears with what looks like a giant pair of scissors.
Target antigens of malaria transmission blocking immunity exist as a stable membrane bound complex

Summary Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) blocking transmission of malaria by blocking fertilization of female gametes by male gametes in the mosquito midgut immunoprecipitate three polypeptides (apparent non‐reduced mol. wt of 230000, 48000, 45000) from the surface of gametes and zygotes of Plasmodium gallinaceum and P. falciparum. Earlier studies have shown that the epitopes with which the MoAbs react are present only on the mol. wt 230000 polypeptide in P. gallinaceum and the 48 000/45 000 mol. wt antigens in P. falciparum (Kumar 1985, Vermeulen et al. 1985). In gel permeation chromatography all three polypeptides were found to be co‐eluted. Cross‐linking reagents were used to cross‐link proteins on the intact cells and in the soluble extracts. The cross‐linked product immunoprecipitated by the MoAbs showed an approximate mol. wt of 290000 to 300000, suggesting a stoichiometry of 1:1 between the high and low mol. wt polypeptides. Evidence was also obtained for the existence of a subpopulation of the 48 000/45 000 mol. wt polypeptides which is not complexed with the 230 000 mol. wt polypeptide. These data indicate that the 230 000 polypeptide is physically associated with the 48 000 and 45 000 polypeptides; the high and low molecular weight polypeptides appear to exist in a stable membrane bound complex.
Impulsive donation decisions during online browsing of charity websites

Although online fundraising by charitable organisations is now commonplace, many aspects of effective online fundraising remain unexamined. In particular, little is known about the nature and determinants of impulsive donation decisions taken by browsers of charity websites. This empirical study attempted to help fill this important gap in current knowledge about online fundraising via an investigation of the antecedents of impulsive online giving to a hospice organisation in the south of England. Two hundred and thirty-nine donors who stated that their gifts had been made impulsively and 223 donors whose online gifts were reported as having been pre-planned completed a questionnaire that explored, inter alia, a person's socio-demographic characteristics, level of impulsiveness and attitude towards impulsive behaviour, charity donation history, prior knowledge of hospice issues, subjective norms and personal involvement with charity giving. The main determinants of impulsive donations were identified and the profiles of various types of impulsive giver were established. Relevant matters were investigated in the contexts of two types of web page design: emotive and informative. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How much does parental language behaviour reflect their language beliefs in language maintenance

It has been widely accepted that parental language beliefs play a crucial role in language maintenance. Studies show that Chinese immigrants are not exempted from language shift although they are frequently reported cherishing their language as an important part of their culture. This paper attempts to find out how parental language beliefs reflect their daily language behaviour. Eight recent Chinese migrant families had 60 minutes of conversation recorded each month for one calendar year. Their language use has been analyzed and compared with the information gathered from a home language use questionnaire. Results show that there is a substantial gap between parental language beliefs and their actual language behaviour. Although the parents state they strongly support mother tongue maintenance, within 28 months, the use of mother tongue had dropped significantly and there is very little evidence showing much effort from the parents to prevent this from happening. This could be either because they want their children to keep their first language but do not know how to do this, or, their language beliefs are different from their behaviour. This should raise methodological issues regarding how to interpret parental language beliefs properly in the research area.
Notice of RetractionResearches on Stage Recognition and Model of Marketing Force Synergy Interface Management

The paper defines the conception and connotation of marketing force synergy interface in two dimensions of resources and competition, divides it into establishment stage, growth stage, promotion stage, spanning stage on the basis of life cycle theory and indicates their characteristics of every stage. On this basis it proposes index system and model of marketing force synergy interface management.
Pricing Security

L. Jean Camp L213 79 JFK St. Harvard University Cambridge MA, 02138 Jean_Camp@harvard.edu 617-496-6331 Catherine Wolfram Littauer 209, Department of Economics. Harvard University Cambridge MA, 02138 cwolfram@harvard.edu 617-495-9293 The Internet, and the larger information infrastructure, are not secure (e. g. , National Research Council, 1996). Well known vulnerabilities continue to be exploited long after patches are available. Today too many organizations discover security the day after their Web pages have been rewritten by intruders interesting in attracting attention. Thus the only ubiquitous testing of Internet security is done by egocentric hackers. The information infrastructure is the only infrastructure subject primarily to destructive testing. Those vulnerabilities that are well documented, with free patches, continue to exist on the Internet(Farmer, 1999). An alternative solution not previously considered is to create a market for the detection of security failures whereby those who have neglect to secure their networks, products, and machines can suffer the consequences according to formal pricing mechanisms rather than destructive incidents. A model for pricing security as an externality can be found in studies of the pricing of pollutants. The foundation of congestion and environmental economics supports building the pricing of security vulnerabilities as a function of a number of factors. These factors determine the risk, and thus the price, of security vulnerability. We would like to focus on the issues of defining the good and jumpstarting a market in the information survivability workshop.
THE AGE AND CONTEXT OF ACQUISITION OF EUSKERA AND CASTILIAN: A MATTER OF THE BILINGUAL EDUCATION AND POLITICS OF THE BASQUE LANGUAGE

In the Basque region of Spain, there are no monolingual speakers of Euskera, the native Basque language. Furthermore, during the Franco years, it was a policy of the Spanish government to actively discourage use of Euskera (and other languages such as Gallego and Catalan). To counteract the effects of these influences, the government of the Basque region (hereafter referred to by its official name, the Basque Autonomous Community) has fostered a wide variety of efforts to revitalize use of Euskera. Here, we report on one of these efforts -- the development of a scale to measure and assess acquisition and use of Euskera (Balluerka & Gorostiaga, 1995). The instrument is composed of different sections assessing use of Euskera with both family and other people, level of exposure to Euskera during different stages of language acquisition, and use of the mass media presented in Euskera. A reliability and validity study conducted with a sample of Euskera-Castilian bilingual students from the Basque region of Spain indicated the scale possesses acceptable psychometric characteristics.
Spatio-temporal indexes for events in public opinion system

With the development of various media platforms, Internet users would like to become the producer of information and the spreader of the public opinion. Meanwhile, there are mounts of information fragments of public opinion events on the Internet. And users always issue queries according to specific spatial and temporal predicates to better understand the whole process of events. This paper focuses on addressing spatio-temporal query problem in the task of “event assembling” in public opinion system, where information fragments (snippets) are stored in HBase. Many previous works tackle the problem by designing schema, i.e., designing row key and column key formation for HBase. But it can not achieve high query efficiency. In this paper, we address this problem from nature level of HBase by using an index structure of STEHIX (Spatio-TEmporal Hbase IndeX) as a built-in component for HBase. We propose the model of Event Assembling and the algorithms of range query and kNN query for it. STEHIX is adapted to the two-level architecture of HBase and suitable for HBase to process spatio-temporal queries. It is composed of index in the meta table (the first level) and region index (the second level) for indexing inner structure of HBase regions. Base on this structure, the range query and kNN query are solved by proposing algorithms, respectively. We manually collect events data from the Internet, and implement STEHIX and conduct experiments on real dataset, and the results show our design outperforms a previous work in many aspects.
Interaction of gender, mentoring, and power distance on career attainment: A cross-cultural comparison

This article examines how demographics (gender) and cultural values (power distance) differentially moderate the relationship between mentoring (mentor presence) and career attainment (compensation and organizational position) among 390 managers and professionals in two contrasting cultures (Taiwan versus the USA). The four-way interaction of gender x mentor x power distance x country was significant for both dependent variables, supporting our hypotheses based on theories of power distance and gender egalitarianism. In hierarchical cultures such as Taiwan’s, mentored women with high power distance reported higher career returns than did mentored women with low power distance. In contrast, in egalitarian cultures such as the USA’s, mentored women with low power distance reported higher career returns than did mentored women with high power distance. Our findings demonstrate variation in mentoring outcomes, not just across, but also within, cultures for men and women. We discuss results along with implications for mentoring and cross-cultural theory, research, and practice.
Cytomegalovirus infection after orthotopic liver transplantation is restricted by a pre‐existing antiviral immune response of the recipient

Infection of the liver by the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) frequently occurs after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). However, the role of viral replication and the inflammatory reaction in the development of HCMV‐associated liver dysfunction is unclear. To address this question in vivo, 84 liver biopsy specimens from 74 patients who received an orthotopic liver transplant were investigated by immunohistochemical detection of viral antigens and cell type specific marker proteins. The extent of viral replication was correlated with the HCMV antibody status of donor and recipient. HCMV immediate early antigens were found in 25 of 84 liver tissue sections investigated, hepatocytes being the predominant target cells. Bile duct epithelial cells, endothelial cells, mesenchymal cells and sinusoidal lining cells were also found susceptible to HCMV infection. The detection of viral capsid antigens, nuclear inclusions in infected cells and foci of infected cells were suggestive of permissive infection in these cells. In 25 HCMV‐positive liver biopsy specimens, the median extent of HCMV infection was 0.33 (0.02–5.67) infected cells/mm2 liver tissue. Primary infection of liver transplant recipients (D+/R−) was associated with a significantly higher extent of organ involvement as compared to reinfection or reactivation (D+/R+). In contrast, the extent of inflammatory infiltrates in areas of infected liver cells was higher in tissues of patients with pre‐existing immunoreactivity (R+) compared to patients without pre‐existing immunoreactivity (R−). In conclusion, these results favour the assumption that the immune response to HCMV is effective in restricting viral spread in the liver. J. Med. Virol. 73:45–53, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sexuality as a Diversity Factor: An Examination of Awareness

The problem and the solution . Lack of awareness of the facets of sexuality—sex discrimination, sexual harassment, sexual orientation, gender identity, and sexual attraction—can be stressful and distracting, has the potential for creating workplace misunderstandings and tension, and may lead to allegations of unfair treatment and/or a hostile work environment.The purpose of this article is to examine how facets of sexuality may be viewed differently within the same workplace context, based on individual employees' stage of awareness development around each facet. The results of an exploratory study demonstrate that employees within the same workplace context have different stages of awareness development around the five facets of sexuality.The results also show that the awareness development around sexual orientation and gender identity is substantially different—less developed—than the awareness development for sex discrimination, sexual harassment, and sexual attraction. The discussion includes implications for practice.
Roles of NAC transcription factors in the regulation of biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants

NAC transcription factors are one of the largest families of transcriptional regulators in plants, and members of the NAC gene family have been suggested to play important roles in the regulation of the transcriptional reprogramming associated with plant stress responses. A phylogenetic analysis of NAC genes, with a focus on rice and Arabidopsis, was performed. Herein, we present an overview of the regulation of the stress responsive NAC SNAC/(IX) group of genes that are implicated in the resistance to different stresses. SNAC factors have important roles for the control of biotic and abiotic stresses tolerance and that their overexpression can improve stress tolerance via biotechnological approaches. We also review the recent progress in elucidating the roles of NAC transcription factors in plant biotic and abiotic stresses. Modification of the expression pattern of transcription factor genes and/or changes in their activity contribute to the elaboration of various signaling pathways and regulatory networks. However, a single NAC gene often responds to several stress factors, and their protein products may participate in the regulation of several seemingly disparate processes as negative or positive regulators. Additionally, the NAC proteins function via auto-regulation or cross-regulation is extensively found among NAC genes. These observations assist in the understanding of the complex mechanisms of signaling and transcriptional reprogramming controlled by NAC proteins.
Designing Educational Games for Computer Programming: A Holistic Framework.

Computer science is continuously evolving during the past decades. This has also brought forth new knowledge that should be incorporated and new learning strategies must be adopted for the successful teaching of all sub-domains. For example, computer programming is a vital knowledge area within computer science with constantly changing curriculum and its teaching remains a difficult endeavour. On the other hand, students start from a very early age to interact with computers through games and other entertaining multimedia software. Therefore, they seem to be keen on environments with impressive special effects and graphical interfaces where they interact with the environment’s elements. In response, teachers are trying to connect computer programming learning with computer operations that students are familiar with, which does not include textual editors for programming lines of code with no other interaction. Educational games used in computer programming courses are considered to benefit learning, because they motivate students towards actively participating and interacting with the game’s activities. Thus, we have developed an educational multiplayer game that aims to further enhance computer programming education by addressing occurring problems. This process, however, requires proper planning during the design of educational games, and thus the availability of adequate guidelines that include all characteristics that should be incorporated in such games. This paper aims to introduce and elaborate on a holistic framework that has been constructed as a guide towards the development of this game. To this end, we study existing frameworks that have been proposed for the design of educational games and document features currently supported by educational games that teach computer programming. We conclusively propose the framework we have constructed for the design of our game. This framework can be used for the design of other computer programming-specific educational games and extended for other educational domains.
SNMiner : A Rapid Evaluator of Anomaly Detection Accuracy in Sensor Networks

Modeling faults and malicious activities in sensor network s can be challenging. Designing and re-evaluating a “good” classifier to detect abnormalities imposes yet another chal lenge once the sensor network is deployed in the field. Common approaches among researchers involve obtaining publicly accessible labeled datasets, generating synthetic s nsor data, or collecting sensor readings from a real-world deplo yment. Then, an anomaly detection/classification algorithm is applied over the dataset and its accuracy is further validated (after labeling data instances of unknown classes). These approaches, however, do not directly take into account the emergence of new types of abnormalities under the dynamics of a deployed sensor network. In order to incorporate new fault models, it is essential to reconfigure the network without interrupting its operation. To this end , we introduce SNMiner, a tool that facilitates fault modelin g, and constantly re-evaluates the accuracy of existing class ifiers or detection algorithms over real-time sensor streams .
Why Process-Orientation is Scarce: An Empirical Study of Process-oriented Information Systems in the Automotive Industry

Several studies have indicated that existing IS (IS) often fail to provide adequate business process support. To systematically identify the reasons for this drawback, we conducted a case study in the automotive domain and a survey among 79 IT practitioners. This paper presents the findings of this empirical research and explains why mere "process-orientation" (regarding business process support) is scarce
Dynamic Mixed Duopoly: A Model Motivated by Linux vs. Windows

This paper analyzes a dynamic mixed duopoly in which a profit-maximizing competitor interacts with a competitor that prices at zero (or marginal cost), with the cumulation of output affecting their relative positions over time. The modeling effort is motivated by interactions between Linux, an open-source operating system, and Microsoft's Windows in the computer server segment, and consequently emphasizes demand-side learning effects that generate dynamic scale economies (or network externalities). Analytical characterizations of the equilibrium under such conditions are offered, and some comparative static and welfare effects are examined.
Obesity-Related Renal Injury in Childhood

A significant increase in the prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has been reported over the last three decades, paralleling the increasing prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance, also in the pediatric population. Overweight, obesity and the metabolic syndrome, which frequently coexist, contribute substantially to cardiovascular disease and ESRD. A higher body mass index, the presence of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and, of particular importance, reduced insulin sensitivity (IS), have recently emerged as strong independent risk factors for chronic kidney disease and ESRD. Of particular concern, the long-term cardiovascular impact of obesity, although deferred to adult life, has its origins in childhood. Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors is seen in children and adolescents with the highest degree of reduced IS, suggesting that adult consequences of obesity on target organs, including the kidney, are more likely to develop in these young people. This review will discuss the association between obesity and the risk of kidney disease, focusing on the way in which obesity and its metabolic complications may lead to renal involvement and injury, with particular regard to childhood. It is beyond the scope of this article to examine kidney disease as a component of syndromes that result in obesity in childhood.