Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exotic multiplications on Morava K-theories and their liftings

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Dimmable Control of Digital Electronic Ballast for HPS Lamps

A novel micro controller-based dimmable electronic ballast for HPS lamps is presented in this paper. Power control method is based on the regulation of the average input current of the inverter by varying the switching frequency of the half bridge. Driver signal with low frequency modulation generated from MCU is used to eliminate unstable arc during dimming state. Theoretical analysis is discussed and experimental results based on a 600W HPS lamp show the feasibility of the proposed ballast
Design of a novel four-band microstrip bandpass filter using double-layered substrate

A novel four-band microstrip bandpass filter using double-layered structure is proposed. The basic components used to build the proposed filter are four pairs of stepped impedance resonators on the top metal layer and middle metal layer. The four pairs of resonators have different fundamental frequencies. The first and second fundamental frequencies are designed to operate at 3 and 5 GHz on the middle layer; the third and fourth fundamental frequencies are designed to operate at 7 and 9 GHz on the top layer. Due to cross-coupling effect, attenuation poles at both sides of the passbands can be created to improve the filter selectivity. The full-wave simulator IE3D is used to design the four-band bandpass filter and to calculate the coupling coefficients of the resonators.
Humanoid Robotics – Past , Present State , Future –

Humans are the most advanced creatures of the nature. I believe that humanoid robots will be the most advanced creatures of humans. Among the man-made creatures such as automobile, hand-phones and multimedia devices, robots of future will hopefully be the most ideal assistants to human beings. Robots can live up to this expectation because future intelligent and autonomous robots could free humans from, or ease them up of, repeatedly undertaking physically and mentally challenging routines. For instance, Robot Doctor could provide medical advices, pre-diagnostic, and even assist in surgical operation; Robot Nurse could assist patients in hospital or at home; Robot Soldier could participate in military intervention, and even fight terrorism; Robot Tutor could help our students to have a better learning experience; Robot Guard could make our society much safer; Robot Maid could keep our house clean and secure, and even help look after elderly people at home; Robot Rescuer could be deployed to places where human lives are in danger. The list of potential applications with intelligent and autonomous robots is growing.
A Complete Approach for delimitation of Data in Cloud Environment

In the past, the focus of the computer is cloud computing, large data and Internet of things (IOT). No matter what computer you use, you always need to store it. The challenge in this regard is to store large amounts of data and their integrity. In the cloud, computing resources and services are available on demand, the most important of which is data storage. In this paper, the focus is on the study of the literature by providing a building and a comprehensive overview of the different deduplication technologies used in distributed storage. Deduplication (de-duplication) technology is increasingly being accepted as an effective technology to reduce storage costs, where deduplication technology has become an important part of storage infrastructure. This paper also reviews the backdrop and explanation features of information deduplication, and systematizes the technical research of digital repeat data repetition techniques, presenting a dynamic process flow. The summary and cataloging of high-resolution repetitive data helps to provide up-to-date plan deliberation for information deduplication. Finally, we summarize the open issues and future explorations in deduplication based on storage systems.
A path planning method for Dynamic Object Closure by using Random Caging Formation Testing

Object manipulation problem by multiple cooperating mobile robots using the concept of Object Closure is discussed in the paper. It is the condition under which the object is trapped so that there is no feasible path for the object from the given position to any position that is beyond a specified threshold distance during the transportation. We proposed the concept of Dynamic Object Closure for achieving object caging task that robots team is able to cage a moving object after a predefined time interval. In the paper, a method planning caging path and by using Random Caging Formation Path Determination algorithm (RCFP) is proposed for achieving Dynamic Object Closure. Some planning results are presented for illustrating the validity of the proposed algorithm.
Resource Group Assertive Community Treatment (RACT) as a Tool of Empowerment for Clients with Severe Mental Illness: A Meta-Analysis

The aim of the current meta-analysis was to explore the effectiveness of the method here labeled Resource Group Assertive Community Treatment (RACT) for clients with psychiatric diagnoses as compared to standard care during the period 2001 – 2011. Included in the meta-analysis were 17 studies comprising a total of 2263 clients, 1291 men and 972 women, with a weighted mean age of 45.44 years. The diagnoses of 86 % of the clients were within the psychotic spectrum while 14 % had other psychiatric diagnoses. There were six randomized controlled trials and eleven observational studies. The studies spanned between 12 and 60 months, and 10 of them lasted 24 months. The results indicated a large effect-size for the ”grand total measure” (Cohen´s d = 0.80). The study comprised three outcome variables: Symptoms, Functioning, and Well-being. With regard to Symptoms, a medium effect for both randomized controlled trials and non-randomized studies was found, whereas Functioning showed large effects for both types of design. Concerning Well-being both large and medium effects were evident. The conclusions of the meta-analysis were that the treatment of clients with Resource Group Assertive Community Treatment yields positive effects for clients with psychoses and that the method may be of use for clients within the entire psychiatric spectrum.
Immunofluorescent Triple-Staining Technique to Identify Sensory Nerve Endings in Human Thumb Ligaments

Ligament innervation purportedly plays a critical role in stability, proprioception and pathology of joints with minimal bony constraints. The human thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint is such a joint: with a complex saddle configuration and wide circumduction, its constraint is primarily ligamentous and it is prone to osteoarthritis. CMC reconstruction is the most commonly performed arthritis surgery in the upper extremity. Little, however, is known about CMC ligament innervation. We describe a novel triple-staining immunofluorescence technique using the markers for low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75, the pan-neuronal marker protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 and 4′,6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) to simultaneously detect and differentiate between specific sensory nerve endings: the Pacini corpuscles, the Ruffini endings and nerve fascicles. Five primary CMC ligaments (dorsal radial, dorsal central, posterior oblique, anterior oblique and ulnar collateral ligaments) were harvested from 10 fresh-frozen human cadaver hands. Following paraffin sectioning, each ligament was stained using a triple-stain technique and imaged with fluorescence microscopy. Multidimensional acquisition permitted simultaneous capture of images at different wavelengths. Pacini corpuscles were distinguished by their distinct p75 immunoreactive capsules, and Ruffini endings by their overlapping p75 and PGP9.5 immunoreactive dendritic nerve endings. Simultaneous use of PGP9.5, p75 and DAPI immunofluorescence to analyze innervation patterns in human ligaments provides descriptive analysis of staining patterns and receptor structure as well as clues as to the proprioceptive function of CMC ligaments and the joint as a whole. Our novel findings of CMC ligament innervation augment the study of normal and pathological joint mechanics in this joint so prone to osteoarthritis.
A pilot study of disparity vergence and near dissociated phoria in convergence insufficiency patients before vs. after vergence therapy

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between the near dissociated phoria and disparity vergence eye movements. Convergence insufficiency (CI) patients before vergence therapy were compared to: (1) the same patients after vergence therapy; and (2) binocularly normal controls (BNC). Methods: Sixteen subjects were studied—twelve BNC and four with CI. Measurements from the CI subjects were obtained before and after 18 h of vergence eye movement therapy. The near dissociated phoria was measured using the flashed Maddox rod technique. Vergence responses were stimulated from 4° symmetrical disparity vergence step stimuli. The peak velocity of the vergence response and the magnitude of the fusion initiating component (FIC) from an independent component analysis (ICA) were calculated. A linear regression analysis was conducted studying the vergence peak velocity as a function of the near dissociated phoria where the Pearson correlation coefficient was computed. Results: Before vergence therapy, the average with one standard deviation FIC magnitude of convergence responses from CI subjects was 0.29° ± 0.82 and significantly less than the FIC magnitude of 1.85° ± 0.84 for BNC (p < 0.02). A paired t-test reported that the FIC and near dissociated phoria before vergence therapy for CI subjects significantly increased to 1.49° ± 0.57 (p < 0.04) and became less exophoric to 3. 5Δ ± 1.9 exo (p < 0.02) after vergence therapy. A significant correlation (r = 0.87; p < 0.01) was observed between the near dissociated phoria and the vergence ratio of convergence peak velocity divided by divergence peak velocity. Conclusion: The results have clinical translational impact in understanding the mechanism by which vergence therapy may be changing the vergence system leading to a sustained reduction in visual symptoms.
Transport and distribution of the short-lived halocarbons in the tropical tropopause layer in the Pacific Ocean : the role of convection

This PhD thesis investigates the transport and distribution of short-lived halogenated organic substances in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) in the Pacific Ocean. Short-lived halocarbons are one of the major groups of the ozone depleting substances as they provide a source for the active halogens which decrease ozone in the atmosphere. The TTL serves as the primary gateway of tropospheric air to enter the stratosphere. The air which enters the stratosphere is distributed all over the globe. Thus, the research on which tropospheric air masses go into the TTL, its structure and composition and the transport within is crucial. This thesis uses the UK Meteorological Office Lagrangian particle dispersion model NAME to (i) support the flight planning activities and achieve the multi aircraft coordination in CAST, CONTRAST, ATTREX 2014 campaigns, and (ii) quantify the amount and distribution of short-lived halocarbons in the TTL, and explain differences in these vertical distributions and transport characteristics. The halocarbons of interest are methyl iodide (CH3I), bromoform (CHBr3) and dibromomethane (CH2Br2). A new NAME procedure was developed and operated successfully to provide routine simulations and near real-time products suitable for guiding the CAST, CONTRAST and ATTREX aircraft in order to achieve their mission scientific objectives, and to make coordinated measurements. NAME was used post-campaign to analyse distribution of short-lived halocarbons in the TTL, identify their source regions and transport timescales. A new approach is proposed to investigate the TTL composition in terms of the boundary layer air influence, and subsequently quantify CH3I, CHBr3 and CH2Br2 by estimating their boundary layer and background contribution. The sums of these modelled estimates are in good agreement with the ATTREX 2014 and 2013 CH3I, CHBr3 and CH2Br2 observations. The quantification of the contribution of short-lived bromocarbons to the active bromine in the TTL was achieved, and the results lie within the range of the recent literature studies. The final focus of this thesis is on how well NAME represents the particle displacement via convection. Convection is the major transport pathway for the short-lived halocarbons to reach the TTL. The role of convection in transporting CH3I, CHBr3 and CH2Br2 to the TTL is assessed using the new convection scheme in NAME. A validation of the performance of this scheme is provided, showing that it yields improved and more realistic representation of the particle displacement via convection.
Effect of dietary protein concentration on responses to Escherichia coli endotoxin in broiler chickens

The effect of dietary protein concentration on stress responses against injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied in male broiler chickens. Chickens (7 d of age) were fed on a 100 (low-protein; LP) or 300 g protein/kg (high-protein; HP) diet for 2 weeks. LPS was injected intraperitoneally every 2 d during the final 6 d, or once 16 h before the end of the experiment, at a concentration of 900 μg/chick. The LPS injection did not affect body-weight gain, feed intake, gain:intake ratio, or plasma Fe concentration. The single injection of LPS reduced plasma Zn concentration, but the repeated injections did not. Feeding the HP diet increased the response of plasma Zn concentration to the single injection of LPS. Plasma albumin concentration was reduced by LPS injection. Feeding the HP diet resulted in a higher plasma α 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) concentration than feeding the LP diet, in chicks untreated with LPS. An increase in plasma AGP concentration observed after LPS injection in chicks fed on the LP diet was greater than that seen in chicks fed on the HP diet. No significant changes in plasma AGP concentration in response to repeated injections of LPS were observed in chicks fed on the HP diet. Plasma interleukin-1 (IL-l)-like activity was greater in chicks fed on the LP diet than in those fed on the HP diet, when LPS was injected. The response of plasma IL-1-like activity to the single injection of LPS in chicks fed on the LP diet was the greatest among the treatment groups. These results suggest that acute-phase responses to LPS injection are much greater in chicks fed on a LP diet than in those fed on a HP diet, and multiple injection of LPS weakens the responses.
A challenging system: Free energy prediction for factor Xa

Factor Xa (fXa) is a promising target for antithrombotic drugs. Recently, we presented a molecular dynamics study on fXa, which highlighted the need for a careful system setup to obtain stable simulations. Here, we show that these simulations can be used to predict the free energy of binding of several fXa inhibitors. We tested molecular mechanics/Poisson–Boltzmann surface area, molecular mechanics/Generalized Born surface area, and linear interaction energy (LIE) on a small data set of fXa ligands. The continuum solvent approaches only yield satisfying correlations to the experimental results if some of the water molecules are explicitly included in the free energy calculations. LIE gave reasonable results if a sufficiently large data set is used. In general, our procedure of setting up the fXa simulation system enabled MD simulations, which produce adequate ensembles for free energy calculations. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2011
The Marchesani syndrome. A brief review.

THE OCCURRENCE of spherophakia, ectopia lentis, brachydactylia, and short stature was first reported by Weill in 1932.1Recognition of these stigmata as a syndrome and their common pathogenesis was established in 1939 by Marchesani.2Prior to 1955, all that was written about this disease entity appeared in the French and German literature. Since then, several reports have appeared in English publications. We have had the opportunity to study one patient with this disorder and to perform various histologic and metabolic studies not previously described. The occurrence of subluxated lenses in the pediatric age group is rarely an isolated phenomenon; therefore, its relationship to disturbances in the development of stature is stressed. Report of a Case A 9½-year-old white boy was referred to the metabolic service of the University of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, by his family physician. He presented a symptom complex of short stature, peculiar body structure
Hospital quality for acute myocardial infarction: correlation among process measures and relationship with short-term mortality.

CONTEXT The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) measure and report quality process measures for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but little is known about how these measures are correlated with each other and the degree to which inferences about a hospital's outcomes can be made from its performance on publicly reported processes. OBJECTIVE To determine correlations among AMI core process measures and the degree to which they explain the variation in hospital-specific, risk-standardized, 30-day mortality rates. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We assessed hospital performance in the CMS/JCAHO AMI core process measures using 2002-2003 data from 962 hospitals participating in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction (NRMI) and correlated these measures with each other and with hospital-level, risk-standardized, 30-day mortality rates derived from Medicare claims data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Hospital performance on AMI core measures; hospital-specific, risk-standardized, 30-day mortality rates for AMI patients aged 66 years or older. RESULTS We found moderately strong correlations (correlation coefficients > or =0.40; P values <.001) for all pairwise comparisons between beta-blocker use at admission and discharge, aspirin use at admission and discharge, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use, and weaker, but statistically significant, correlations between these medication measures and smoking cessation counseling and time to reperfusion therapy measures (correlation coefficients <0.40; P values <.001). Some process measures were significantly correlated with risk-standardized, 30-day mortality rates (P values <.001) but together explained only 6.0% of hospital-level variation in risk-standardized, 30-day mortality rates for patients with AMI. CONCLUSIONS The publicly reported AMI process measures capture a small proportion of the variation in hospitals' risk-standardized short-term mortality rates. Multiple measures that reflect a variety of processes and also outcomes, such as risk-standardized mortality rates, are needed to more fully characterize hospital performance.
Biochemical properties of hepatitis C virus NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and identification of amino acid sequence motifs essential for enzymatic activity

The NS5B protein of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) (S.-E. Behrens, L. Tomei, and R. De Francesco, EMBO J. 15:12-22, 1996) that is assumed to be required for replication of the viral genome. To further study the biochemical and structural properties of this enzyme, an NS5B-hexahistidine fusion protein was expressed with recombinant baculoviruses in insect cells and purified to near homogeneity. The enzyme was found to have a primer-dependent RdRp activity that was able to copy a complete in vitro-transcribed HCV genome in the absence of additional viral or cellular factors. Filter binding assays and competition experiments showed that the purified enzyme binds RNA with no clear preference for HCV 3'-end sequences. Binding to homopolymeric RNAs was also examined, and the following order of specificity was observed: poly(U) > poly(G) > poly(A) > poly(C). An inverse order was found for the RdRp activity, which used poly(C) most efficiently as a template but was inactive on poly(U) and poly(G), suggesting that a high binding affinity between polymerase and template interferes with processivity. By using a mutational analysis, four amino acid sequence motifs crucial for RdRp activity were identified. While most substitutions of conserved residues within these motifs severely reduced the enzymatic activities, a single substitution in motif D which enhanced the RdRp activity by about 50% was found. Deletion studies indicate that amino acid residues at the very termini, in particular the amino terminus, are important for RdRp activity but not for RNA binding. Finally, we found a terminal transferase activity associated with the purified enzyme. However, this activity was also detected with NS5B proteins with an inactive RdRp, with an NS4B protein purified in the same way, and with wild-type baculovirus, suggesting that it is not an inherent activity of NS5B.
A comprehensive precipitation data set for global land areas

An expanded and updated compilation of long-term station precipitation data, together with a new set of gridded monthly mean fields for global land areas are described. The present data set contains 5328 station records of monthly total precipitation, covering the period from the mid-1800s to the late 1980s. The station data were individually tested and visually inspected for the presence of spurious trends, jumps and other measurement biases. The quality control procedure which was used to check the station records for non-climatic discontinuities and other biases is detailed. The authors also discuss some of the problems which typically contribute to potential inhomogeneities in precipitation records. The station data were interpolated onto a 4{degree} latitude by 5{degree} longitude uniform grid. Comparisons of these data with two other global-scale precipitation climatologies are presented. They find good agreement among the three global-scale climatologies over the common areas in each set. Three different indices of long-term precipitation variations over the global land areas all indicate a general increase of annual precipitation since the 1940s, although a decline is evident over the last decade. There is some indication that the last few decades of the 19th century may have been as wet as the recentmore » ones. An interesting feature of this study is the presence of relatively large differences in seasonal trends, with March-May and September-November becoming wetter in the last few decades. The December-February and June-August seasons exhibit smaller overall trends, although the northern winter season does exhibit large decadal-scale fluctuations. 29 refs., 22 figs., 4 tabs. « less
User Experience of the CoSTAR System for Instruction of Collaborative Robots

How can we enable novice users to create effective task plans for collaborative robots? Must there be a tradeoff between generalizability and ease of use? To answer these questions, we conducted a user study with the CoSTAR system, which integrates perception and reasoning into a Behavior Tree-based task plan editor. In our study, we ask novice users to perform simple pick-and-place assembly tasks under varying perception and planning capabilities. Our study shows that users found Behavior Trees to be an effective way of specifying task plans. Furthermore, users were also able to more quickly, effectively, and generally author task plans with the addition of CoSTAR's planning, perception, and reasoning capabilities. Despite these improvements, concepts associated with these capabilities were rated by users as less usable, and our results suggest a direction for further refinement.