Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trafﬁc Trender: Exploring Bottlenecks at a Systematic Level

The quantity of well-structured traﬃc incident data collected by government organizations continues to expand at an alarming rate. While the number of transportation information visualization applications has grown over the past several years, there remain few infovis applications dedicated to helping road planners analyze trends of traﬃc data over long periods of time. In this paper, we present Traf-ﬁc Trender, a systematic level traﬃc bottleneck viewer that combines a zoomable Treemap, a set of line charts, and a rich set of ﬁlters to uniquely assist planners in identifying insights. In particular, we attempt to enhance the ability of these analysts to ﬁnd trends in traﬃc incidents per geographic region and over time, and to assist them easily identify outliers and anomalies. We then reﬂect on how our design makes progress towards these goals by providing re-sults of a usability study which identify continued problems and areas for improvement.
Do Corporate Actions Have a Good Impact on Company’s Performance?

The company's performance has always been the most important fundamental information as the basis for rational decision making by stakeholders. This study aims to examine the short and medium-term impacts of corporate action. The data selected as a sample are 10 companies listed in IDX from 2010 to 2016 that conducted Intial Public Offering (IPO) and issued bonds during the observation period. The research findings prove that the company's goal of IPO and bond issuance is simply to avoid financial pressures that occur before and to obtain good valuation from investors. Furthermore, the issuance of bonds that are the first since the IPO has not had any impact on the company's performance except the short-term impact only. However, the medium-term impact through the two corporate actions gave a very surprising result that despite obtaining extraordinary additional funds many turned out to be unable to improve profitability as well as the value of the company even sales performance decreased significantly. On the contrary, the corporate action is only aimed at improving the capital structure and working capital in order to keep the company operating before both corporate actions have deteriorated. This confirms the previous finding that the IPO company again used the source of funding in the form of hdebt for the company's operations, paying dividends in ajeg, as well as manager expenditures in order to reduce agency problems.
The human HSP70/HSP40 chaperone family

Molecular chaperones are essential for cells to prevent that partially unfolded proteins form non-functional, toxic aggregates. This requirement is increased when cells experience protein unfolding stresses and such could affect all compartments in the eukaryotic cell. Whether all organelles are equipped with comparable chaperone capacities is largely unknown, mainly due to the lack of suitable reporters that allow such a comparison. Here we describe the development of fluorescent luciferase reporters that are sorted to various cellular locations (nucleus, cytoplasm, ER and peroxisomes) and that differ minimally in their intrinsic thermal stability properties. When heating living cells, the rate of inactivation was most rapid for the nuclear-targeted luciferase, indicating that the nucleus is the most sensitive organelle towards heat-induced denaturing stress. Post-heat re-activation, however, occurred at equal kinetics irrespective of luciferase localization. Also, induction of thermotolerance by a priming heat treatment, that coordinately up regulates all heat inducible chaperones, resulted in a transient heat resistance of the luciferase in all organelles in a comparable manner. Overexpression of the main heat inducible HSP70 family member, HSPA1A, protected only the cytosolic and nuclear, but not the other luciferases, Together, our data suggest that in each compartment investigated, including the peroxisome in which so far no chaperones could be detected, chaperone machines are present and can be induced with activities similar to those present in the cytosolic/nuclear compartment.
Detecting Signs of Depression Using Social Media Texts Through an Ensemble of Ensemble Classifiers

—Computational models have been widely used to explore and address various mental health–related problems in recent years, including depression. In this study, we present an ensemble approach to complement the 90 unique input features that we proposed in a previous study on depression detection using social media texts. Our proposed Ensemble of Ensemble Classifiers (EECs) combines many ensemble models, including Bagging Predictors, Random Forests, Adaptive Boosting and Gradient Boosting, as inner ensembles. We introduce a mechanism to make these inner ensembles work collaboratively to achieve better results than when they are run alone. From the experiments, we find that EECs are accurate in detecting signs of depression in social media texts. This approach outperforms other ensemble method results on the public datasets we used. Furthermore, if set correctly, the parameters of EECs, such as inner ensemble types, total number of inner ensembles, bootstrap and output method to vote on output (i.e., majority or priority), improve the performance of the proposed ensemble in detecting signs of depression.
The Pickup Ion Composition Spectrometer

Observations of newly ionized atoms that are picked up by the magnetic field in the expanding solar wind contain crucial information about the gas or dust compositions of their origins. The pickup ions (PUIs) are collected by plasma mass spectrometers and analyzed for their density, composition, and velocity distribution. In addition to measurements of PUIs from planetary sources, in situ measurements of interstellar gas have been made possible by spectrometers capable of differentiating between heavy ions of solar and interstellar origin. While important research has been done on these often singly charged ions, the instruments that have detected many of them were designed for the energy range and ionic charge states of the solar wind and energized particle populations, and not for pickup ions. An instrument optimized for the complete energy and time‐of‐flight characterization of pickup ions will unlock a wealth of data on these hitherto unobserved or unresolved PUI species. The Pickup Ion Composition Spectrometer (PICSpec) is one such instrument and can enable the next generation of pickup ion and isotopic mass composition measurements. By combining a large‐gap time‐of‐flight–energy sensor with a −100 kV high‐voltage power supply for ion acceleration, PUIs will not only be above the detection threshold of traditional solid‐state energy detectors but also be resolved sufficiently in time of flight that isotopic composition can be determined. This technology will lead to a new generation of space composition instruments, optimized for measurements of both heliospheric and planetary pickup ions.
Multidimensional evaluation of the early emergence of executive function and development in Bangladeshi children using nutritional and psychosocial intervention: A randomized controlled trial

Introduction Reversing malnutrition-induced impairment of cognition and emotional regulation is a critical global gap. We hypothesize that brain-targeted micronutrient supplemented nutritional rehabilitation in children with moderate acute malnutrition, followed by 2 years micronutrient supplementation will impact on the cognition and emotion regulation of these children. Methods The primary outcome of this prospective, randomized controlled trial is to study the development of executive functions (EFs) and emotion regulation (ER) in this cohort. Moderate acute malnourished (MAM; WLZ/WHZ <-2 and [≥]-3 z-score, and/or 11.5 cm [≤] MUAC < 12.5cm; n=140)children aged around one year (11m-13m) in Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh will be randomized (1:1) to receive either locally produced Ready to Use Supplementary Food (RUSF) or Enhanced Ready to Use Supplementary Food (E-RUSF) until anthropometric recovery (WLZ/WHZ > -1SD), or for 3 months after enrollment (whichever is earlier). The randomized MAMs groups will be given either Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (SQLNS) or Enhanced Small Quantity Lipid Based Nutrient Supplement (E-SQLNS), respectively until the end of the 2-year follow up period. Standard psychosocial stimulation will be provided to the MAMs intervention groups. Biological samples will be collected, anthropometric and neurocognitive assessments will be performed at 2 (22m-26m) and 3 (34m-38m) years of age. Two control groups will be recruited: 1), non-malnourished one-year (11m-13m) old children (WLZ/WHZ score>-1SD; n=70); and 2) three -year (34m-38m) old children (n=70) with untreated MAM (WHZ <-2 and [≥]-3 z-score, and/or 11.5[≤]MUAC<12.5 cm). The 3-year-old MAM reference group will be assessed once and provided with 2 months of nutritional rehabilitation support (RUSF Nutrisets PlumpySupTM). Ethics and dissemination The study protocol has been reviewed and approved by all the relevant ethical review boards at each research site (icddr,b Bangladesh; University of the West Indies, Kingston Jamaica; and University of Auckland, New Zealand). The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and national and international scientific conferences. Protocol version 1 (1/11/2022) Trial registration number NCT05629624. Registered on November 29, 2022.
Longitudinal Microbial and Molecular Dynamics in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung after Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor therapy

Background Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder causing poor mucociliary clearance in the airways and subsequent respiratory infection. The recently approved triple therapy Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor (ETI) has significantly improved the lung function and decreased airway infection of persons with CF (pwCF). This improvement has been shown to occur rapidly, within the first few weeks of treatment. The effects of longer term ETI therapy on lung infection dynamics, however, remains mostly unknown. Results Here, we applied 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, untargeted metabolomics, and neutral models to high-resolution, longitudinally collected sputum samples from pwCF on ETI therapy (162 samples, 7 patients) and compared to similarly collected data set of CF subjects not taking ETI (630 samples, 9 patients). Because ETI reduces sputum production, samples were collected in freezers provided in the subject’s homes at least 3 months after first taking ETI, with those on ETI collecting a sample approximately weekly. The lung function (%ppFEV1) of those in our longitudinal cohort significantly improved after ETI (6.91, SD = 7.74), indicating our study cohort was responsive to ETI. The daily variation of alpha- and beta-diversity of both the microbiome and metabolome was higher for those on ETI, reflecting a more dynamic microbial community and chemical environment during treatment. Four of the seven subjects on ETI were persistently infected with Pseudomonas or Burkholderia in their sputum throughout the sampling period. The microbiome and metabolome dynamics on ETI were personalized, where some subjects had a progressive change with time on therapy, whereas others had no association with time on treatment. To further classify the augmented variance of the CF microbiome under therapy, we fit the microbiome data to a Hubbell neutral dynamics model in a patient-stratified manner and found that the subjects on ETI had better fit to a neutral model. Conclusion This study shows that the longitudinal microbiology and chemistry in airway secretions from subjects on ETI has become more dynamic and neutral, and that after the initial improvement in lung function, many are still persistently infected with CF pathogens.
Empowering our First Nations workforce: evaluation of a First Nations COVID-19 vaccination training program.

BACKGROUND A COVID-19 vaccination training program was designed for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (First Nations) health workers and practitioners in Queensland to expand their scope of practice to include COVID-19 immunisation. In the setting of a global pandemic, the project aimed to improve vaccination levels and show how First Nations staff are central to community-led responses to effectively address their community's health needs. METHODS The program, consisting of an online module and face to face workshop, is described and then evaluated with the RE-AIM framework via mixed methods of participant training surveys and qualitative feedback. RESULTS The program reached 738 online and 329 workshop participants with the majority identifying as First Nations. The 52 workshops were attended by participants from 12 different hospital and health services in Queensland and 13 Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHOs). Feedback was positive, with participants rating the training highly. Of the First Nations Health Workers and Practitioners who responded to the workshop follow up survey, the majority (34/40) implemented their new skills in practice helping minimise the impact of COVID-19 outbreaks in their community. Most respondents (38/40) considered vaccination should be permanently in their scope of practice. CONCLUSIONS The successful implementation of the vaccination training project was an example of First Nations led health care. Improving scope of practice for First Nations health staff can improve not just career retention and progression but also the delivery of primary care to a community that continues to bear the inequity of poorer health outcomes.
Atlas of Plasmodium falciparum intraerythrocytic development using expansion microscopy

Apicomplexan parasites exhibit tremendous diversity in much of their fundamental cell biology, but study of these organisms using light microscopy is often hindered by their small size. Ultrastructural expansion microscopy (U-ExM) is a microscopy preparation method that physically expands the sample by ~4.5×. Here, we apply U-ExM to the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum during the asexual blood stage of its lifecycle to understand how this parasite is organized in three dimensions. Using a combination of dye-conjugated reagents and immunostaining, we have cataloged 13 different P. falciparum structures or organelles across the intraerythrocytic development of this parasite and made multiple observations about fundamental parasite cell biology. We describe that the outer centriolar plaque and its associated proteins anchor the nucleus to the parasite plasma membrane during mitosis. Furthermore, the rhoptries, Golgi, basal complex, and inner membrane complex, which form around this anchoring site while nuclei are still dividing, are concurrently segregated and maintain an association to the outer centriolar plaque until the start of segmentation. We also show that the mitochondrion and apicoplast undergo sequential fission events while maintaining an association with the outer centriolar plaque during cytokinesis. Collectively, this study represents the most detailed ultrastructural analysis of P. falciparum during its intraerythrocytic development to date and sheds light on multiple poorly understood aspects of its organelle biogenesis and fundamental cell biology.
Seminar: Scalable Preprocessing Tools for Exposomic Data Analysis

Background: The exposome serves as a popular framework in which to study exposures from chemical and nonchemical stressors across the life course and the differing roles that these exposures can play in human health. As a result, data relevant to the exposome have been used as a resource in the quest to untangle complicated health trajectories and help connect the dots from exposures to adverse outcome pathways. Objectives: The primary aim of this methods seminar is to clarify and review preprocessing techniques critical for accurate and effective external exposomic data analysis. Scalability is emphasized through an application of highly innovative combinatorial techniques coupled with more traditional statistical strategies. The Public Health Exposome is used as an archetypical model. The novelty and innovation of this seminar’s focus stem from its methodical, comprehensive treatment of preprocessing and its demonstration of the positive effects preprocessing can have on downstream analytics. Discussion: State-of-the-art technologies are described for data harmonization and to mitigate noise, which can stymie downstream interpretation, and to select key exposomic features, without which analytics may lose focus. A main task is the reduction of multicollinearity, a particularly formidable problem that frequently arises from repeated measurements of similar events taken at various times and from multiple sources. Empirical results highlight the effectiveness of a carefully planned preprocessing workflow as demonstrated in the context of more highly concentrated variable lists, improved correlational distributions, and enhanced downstream analytics for latent relationship discovery. The nascent field of exposome science can be characterized by the need to analyze and interpret a complex confluence of highly inhomogeneous spatial and temporal data, which may present formidable challenges to even the most powerful analytical tools. A systematic approach to preprocessing can therefore provide an essential first step in the application of modern computer and data science methods. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12901
A newly identified 45‐kDa JAK2 variant with an altered kinase domain structure represents a novel mode of JAK2 kinase inhibitor resistance

Tyrosine‐protein kinase (janus kinase; JAK)–signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling plays a pivotal role in the development of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Treatment with the potent JAK1/JAK2‐specific inhibitor, ruxolitinib, significantly reduces tumor burden; however, ruxolitinib treatment does not fully eradicate the malignant clone. As the molecular basis for the disease persistence is not well understood, we set out to gain new insights by generating ruxolitinib‐resistant cell lines. Surprisingly, these cells harbor a 45 kDa JAK2 variant (FERM‐JAK2) consisting of the N‐terminal FERM domain directly fused to the C‐terminal kinase domain in 80% of sublines resistant to ruxolitinib. At the molecular level, FERM‐JAK2 is able to directly bind and activate STAT5 in the absence of cytokine receptors. Furthermore, phosphorylation of activation‐loop tyrosines is dispensable for FERM‐JAK2‐mediated STAT5 activation and cellular transformation, in contrast to JAK2‐V617F. As a result, FERM‐JAK2 is highly resistant to several ATP‐competitive JAK2 inhibitors, whereas it is particularly sensitive to HSP90 inhibition. A murine model of FERM‐JAK2 leukemogenesis showed an accelerated MPN phenotype with pronounced splenomegaly. Notably, most current protocols for the monitoring of emerging JAK variants are unable to detect FERM‐JAK2, highlighting the urgent need for implementing next‐generation sequencing approaches in MPN patients receiving ruxolitinib.
Histological analysis of the gastrocnemius muscle in preschool and school age children with cerebral palsy compared to age-matched typically developing children.

Inconsistent alterations in skeletal muscle histology have been reported in adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) and whether alterations are present in young children and differ from older children is not yet known. This study aimed to define histological alterations in the medial gastrocnemius (MG) of ambulant CP (Gross-motor classification system, GMFCS I-III) stratified in two age groups (preschool children, PS: 2-5 and school age children, SA: 6-9 years old) compared to age-matched typically developing (TD) children. We hypothesized that alterations in muscle microscopic properties are already present in PS-CP and are GMFCS level specific. Ultrasound guided percutaneous microbiopsies were collected in 46 CP (24-PS) and 45 TD (13-PS) children. Sections were stained to determine fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) and proportion, capillary and satellite cell amount. Average absolute and normalized fCSA were similar in CP and TD, but a greater percentage of smaller fibers was found in CP. Coefficient of variation (CV) was significantly larger in PS-CP-GMFCS I-II and for type I fiber. In SA-CP, all fiber types contributed to the higher CV. Type IIx proportion was higher and type I lower in PS-CP-GMFCS-III, and for all SA-CP. Reduced capillary-to-fiber-ratio was present in PS-CP-GMFCS II-III and in all SA-CP. Capillary fiber density was lower in SA-CP. Capillary domain was enhanced in all CP, but capillary spatial distribution was maintained as was satellite cell content. We concluded that MG histological alterations are already present in very young CP but are only partly specific for GMFCS level and age.
Comparison of Stab Incision and Eyelid Crease Incision Techniques in Children with Revision Frontalis Sling Surgeries Using Silicone Rods

Purpose To compare stab and eyelid crease incision techniques in revision frontalis sling surgeries using silicone rods. Methods This retrospective study involved 52 eyes in 48 consecutive pediatric patients who underwent revision frontalis sling surgery between 2008 and 2019. All primary surgeries were performed by making eyelid crease incisions and suturing of silicone rods onto the tarsal plates. The revision surgeries were performed by either making stab incisions over the eyelid through which to pass the silicone rods (group A), or by refixing the same or a new silicone rod to the tarsal plate (group B). The surgical results were compared. Results The mean follow-up period was 22.4 months (range, 6–62 months) and the mean age of the patients was 6.1 years (range, 1–16 years). There were 28 female and 20 male patients. Surgical success was achieved in 23 of 28 patients (82.1%) in group A, and 12 of 24 patients (50.0%) in group B. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.012). Superficial punctate epithelial defects were detected in six group A patients (21.4%) and seven group B patients (29.1%). In group B, lid hematoma occurred in three patients (12.5%) and entropion occurred in three patients (12.5%). The silicone rods were removed from two eyes, and entropion spontaneously resolved in one eye with close follow-up. Conclusions Using the stab incision technique increases revision frontalis sling surgery success rates when primary surgeries are performed using eyelid crease incisions and suturing silicone rods to the tarsal plates in children.