Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Percentage of Patients with Preventable Adverse Drug Reactions and Preventability of Adverse Drug Reactions – A Meta-Analysis

Background Numerous observational studies suggest that preventable adverse drug reactions are a significant burden in healthcare, but no meta-analysis using a standardised definition for adverse drug reactions exists. The aim of the study was to estimate the percentage of patients with preventable adverse drug reactions and the preventability of adverse drug reactions in adult outpatients and inpatients. Methods Studies were identified through searching Cochrane, CINAHL, EMBASE, IPA, Medline, PsycINFO and Web of Science in September 2010, and by hand searching the reference lists of identified papers. Original peer-reviewed research articles in English that defined adverse drug reactions according to WHO’s or similar definition and assessed preventability were included. Disease or treatment specific studies were excluded. Meta-analysis on the percentage of patients with preventable adverse drug reactions and the preventability of adverse drug reactions was conducted. Results Data were analysed from 16 original studies on outpatients with 48797 emergency visits or hospital admissions and from 8 studies involving 24128 inpatients. No studies in primary care were identified. Among adult outpatients, 2.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2–3.2%) had preventable adverse drug reactions and 52% (95% CI: 42–62%) of adverse drug reactions were preventable. Among inpatients, 1.6% (95% CI: 0.1–51%) had preventable adverse drug reactions and 45% (95% CI: 33–58%) of adverse drug reactions were preventable. Conclusions This meta-analysis corroborates that preventable adverse drug reactions are a significant burden to healthcare among adult outpatients. Among both outpatients and inpatients, approximately half of adverse drug reactions are preventable, demonstrating that further evidence on prevention strategies is required. The percentage of patients with preventable adverse drug reactions among inpatients and in primary care is largely unknown and should be investigated in future research.
Voice and articulation drillbook

Training the Speaking VoiceClinical Management of Speech Sound DisordersChildren's Speech Sound DisordersPraktische StimmdiagnostikClinical Care and Rehabilitation in Head and Neck CancerSpeech and LanguageVoice Training Programs for Professional Speakers: Global OutcomesFundamentals of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication and the Biometric IssueEffective Voice and DictionHandbook of Speech Pathology and AudiologyVoiceand Articulation DrillbookSpeech and Language Disorders Associated with Subcortical PathologySpeech Practice MaterialVoice and Articulation DrillbookYour Voice Is Your BusinessVoice and Articulation Drillbook. Second EditionVoice and Laryngeal DisordersTransforming Voice and Communication with Transgender and Gender-Diverse PeopleThe New Voice PedagogyAutomatic Speech Signal Analysis for Clinical Diagnosis and Assessment of Speech DisordersSpeech Production and LanguageThe Prosodic and Paralinguistic Analysis of Dramatic SpeechSpeech Analysis Synthesis and PerceptionAbstracts of Doctoral Dissertations Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education and Doctor of PhilosophyMeasuring Voice, Speech, and Swallowing in the Clinic and LaboratoryFolia PhoniatricaSpeech Communication for FilipinosPreclinical Speech ScienceArticulation Therapy and Consonant Drill BookLanguage Experience in Second Language Speech LearningMultidisciplinary Management of Pediatric Voice and Swallowing DisordersWorking with Voice DisordersYour Speech and VoicePitch Determination of Speech SignalsUnderstanding Voice ProblemsVoice and Articulation DrillbookSpeech and Voice Science, Third EditionSpoken EnglishClinical Voice DisordersVoice Disorders and their
Safety and efficacy of exercise training after coronary stenting in patients with stable coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND Exercise training (ET) after coronary stenting is considered to have a risk of stent thrombosis (ST). The present study investigated whether ET increases the incidence of ST in patients undergoing coronary stenting. METHODS AND RESULTS The current study was a prospective observational study. We enrolled 3,672 patients who underwent successful coronary stenting. Patients decided whether to participate in exercise and were divided into an ET group (n=1,592) and a control group (n=2,080). The primary endpoint was the incidence of ST. Secondary endpoints were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE: death, myocardial infarction, and stroke) and unscheduled hospital visits for angina. The incidence of ST and MACE were similar in both groups (1.8% vs. 2.0%, P=0.73, 14.9% vs. 15.0%, P=0.97, respectively). Unscheduled hospital visits were significantly lower in the ET group (20.2% vs. 27.2%, P<0.0001). After adjusting for baselines, the ET group had no significant increase in ST (hazard ratio (HR) 0.86, adjusted P=0.56) and MACE (HR 0.98, adjusted P=0.83). The ET was effective to prevent an unscheduled hospital visits for worsening angina (HR 0.67, adjusted P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Moderate ET after successful coronary stenting does not increase the incidence of ST and MACE, and was effective in reducing unscheduled hospital visits for angina.
Targeted Allele Replacement Mutagenesis of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

ABSTRACT A two-step allele replacement mutagenesis procedure, using a conditionally replicating plasmid, was developed to allow the creation of targeted, marker-free mutations in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. The relationship between homologous sequence length and recombination frequency was determined, and enhanced plasmid excision was observed due to the rolling-circle replication of the mutagenesis vector. Furthermore, an antibiotic enrichment procedure was applied to improve the recovery of mutants. Subsequently, as proof of concept, a marker-free, cp40-deficient mutant of C. pseudotuberculosis was constructed.
Influence of viscosity on the scattering of an air pressure wave by a rigid body: a regular boundary integral formulation

This paper gives a regular vector boundary integral equation for solving the problem of viscous scattering of a pressure wave by a rigid body. Firstly, single-layer viscous potentials and a generalized stress tensor are introduced. Correspondingly, generalized viscous double-layer potentials are defined. By representing the scattered field as a combination of a single-layer viscous potential and a generalized viscous double-layer potential, the problem is reduced to the solution of a vectorial Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. Generally, the vector integral equation is singular. However, there is a particular stress tensor, called pseudostress, which yields a regular integral equation. In this case, the Fredholm alternative applies and permits a direct proof of the existence and uniqueness of the solution. The results presented here provide the foundation for a numerical solution procedure.
Modifying Quasi Z-Source Network for an Innovative Extendable Switched-Capacitor Boost Multilevel Inverter Topology

The emergence of Hybrid Multilevel Inverters (HMLIs) represents a significant advancement in addressing the limitations of traditional multilevel inverter (MLI) topologies. In recent years, various concepts and topologies have been proposed to enhance HMLIs, with a primary focus on generating a greater number of AC voltage levels while minimizing component count and utilizing isolated DC sources. Traditionally, these HMLI topologies required two-stage configurations involving DC-to-DC converters, leading to increased costs and complexity. This paper highlights the transition to single-stage DC-AC inverters, which offers substantial benefits, including high boost gain, superior conversion efficiency, and a reduced reliance on passive components. Furthermore, the paper introduces a groundbreaking solution - a 57-level switched-capacitor boost multilevel inverter (SCBMLI), derived from the quasi z-source inverter (qZSI). The proposed SCBMLI offers a multitude of advantages, including the generation of high voltage levels, balancing the voltage of capacitor in the circuit without the need for any control system, and achieving low Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) in high voltage applications.
No Effects of Verbal Versus Imaginal Cognitive Strategies on Emotional Responses to Aversive Slides

A number of studies have indicated that the right hemisphere is specialized for (negative) emotions. Some authors have suggested that this specialization stems from the cognitive characteristics of this hemisphere. More specifically, the verbal and analytic approach that characterizes left hemisphere functioning would inhibit emotional reactions, whereas the imaginal and global approach that characterizes right hemisphere functioning would facilitate emotional reactivity. The present study examined whether these two cognitive strategies have, indeed, different effects on emotional responsivity. Subjects were exposed to a series of aversive slides. One group (n = 14) was instructed to process the slides in a verbal/analytic manner. The second group (n = 14) employed an imaginal/global strategy while viewing the slides. The third group (n = 14) was a control group that received no explicit instructions. Self-reported emotions, skin conductance responses, heart rate frequency, and eye blink startles were recorded. There were no differences between the three groups with regard to any of these variables. Thus, no evidence was obtained to support the idea that processing modes (i.e., verbal/analytic versus imaginal/global) have a differential impact on emotional reactivity. The implications for theories about lateralization of emotions and for cognitive therapy are discussed.
A Kinome-Wide RNAi Screen in Drosophila Glia Reveals That the RIO Kinases Mediate Cell Proliferation and Survival through TORC2-Akt Signaling in Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma, the most common primary malignant brain tumor, is incurable with current therapies. Genetic and molecular analyses demonstrate that glioblastomas frequently display mutations that activate receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and Pi-3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways. In Drosophila melanogaster, activation of RTK and PI3K pathways in glial progenitor cells creates malignant neoplastic glial tumors that display many features of human glioblastoma. In both human and Drosophila, activation of the RTK and PI3K pathways stimulates Akt signaling along with other as-yet-unknown changes that drive oncogenesis. We used this Drosophila glioblastoma model to perform a kinome-wide genetic screen for new genes required for RTK- and PI3K-dependent neoplastic transformation. Human orthologs of novel kinases uncovered by these screens were functionally assessed in mammalian glioblastoma models and human tumors. Our results revealed that the atypical kinases RIOK1 and RIOK2 are overexpressed in glioblastoma cells in an Akt-dependent manner. Moreover, we found that overexpressed RIOK2 formed a complex with RIOK1, mTor, and mTor-complex-2 components, and that overexpressed RIOK2 upregulated Akt signaling and promoted tumorigenesis in murine astrocytes. Conversely, reduced expression of RIOK1 or RIOK2 disrupted Akt signaling and caused cell cycle exit, apoptosis, and chemosensitivity in glioblastoma cells by inducing p53 activity through the RpL11-dependent ribosomal stress checkpoint. These results imply that, in glioblastoma cells, constitutive Akt signaling drives RIO kinase overexpression, which creates a feedforward loop that promotes and maintains oncogenic Akt activity through stimulation of mTor signaling. Further study of the RIO kinases as well as other kinases identified in our Drosophila screen may reveal new insights into defects underlying glioblastoma and related cancers and may reveal new therapeutic opportunities for these cancers.
Pathophysiologische Grundlagen der Schizophrenie und deren Relevanz für die Psychopharmakotherapie

: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric illness with a lifetime morbidity risk of around 1 %. Symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, poverty of thought and emotion and social withdrawal and cognitive deficits. Although newer antipsychotics affecting multiple neurotransmitter receptors facilitate therapy, many patients still do not achieve full response. Despite intensive study, the molecular etiology of schizophrenia remains enigmatic in many ways. The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia still plays an important role, although pharmacological studies, brain imaging analyses and genetic research indicate additional dysfunctions of glutamate, GABA and serotonin transmission. This article reviews the pathophysiological background of the disorder, its implications for pharmacological treatment and possible directions for future research.
Single Stage Isolated AC/DC LLC Resonant Power Conversion Stage with Reduced Current/Voltage Stress for Light EV Charger

The operation of PFC stage in hard-switching is quite common, which reduces overall conversion efficiency in two stage EV chargers. To cater this issue, a single stage direct AC/DC LLC resonant converter based EV charger design is presented in this paper. Converter utilizes interleaved concept at grid end and each interleaved phase realizes only half of grid voltage. This effective implementation reduces voltage stress across MOSFETs for its discontinuous interleaved inductor current mode (DIICM) operation. DICM design features small passive footprints and easy control implementation. A time weighted average designing (TWAD) design ensures zero voltage switching (ZVS) with reduced turn-off switching losses. Additionally, with DICM of interleaved state and TWAD design of LLC tank parameters, single charging current control loop provides DC link boost capability with charging current tracking. A O.5kW EV charger is designed to validate TWAD design technique and single stage AC/DC power converter.
Clinically insignificant trunnionosis in large-diameter metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty

Objectives Mechanical wear and corrosion at the head-stem junction of total hip arthroplasties (THAs) (trunnionosis) have been implicated in their early revision, most commonly in metal-on-metal (MOM) hips. We can isolate the role of the head-stem junction as the predominant source of metal release by investigating non-MOM hips; this can help to identify clinically significant volumes of material loss and corrosion from these surfaces. Methods In this study we examined a series of 94 retrieved metal-on-polyethylene (MOP) hips for evidence of corrosion and material loss at the taper junction using a well published visual grading method and an established roundness-measuring machine protocol. Hips were retrieved from 74 male and 20 female patients with a median age of 57 years (30 to 76) and a median time to revision of 215 months (2 to 324). The reasons for revision were loosening of both the acetabular component and the stem (n = 29), loosening of the acetabular component (n = 58) and infection (n = 7). No adverse tissue reactions were reported by the revision surgeons. Results Evidence of corrosion was observed in 55% of hips. The median Goldberg taper corrosion score was 2 (1 to 4) and the annual rate of material loss at the taper was 0.084 mm3/year (0 to 0.239). The median trunnion corrosion score was 1 (1 to 3). Conclusions We have reported a level of trunnionosis for MOP hips with large-diameter heads that were revised for reasons other than trunnionosis, and therefore may be clinically insignificant. Cite this article: H. S. Hothi, D. Kendoff, C. Lausmann, J. Henckel, T. Gehrke, J. Skinner, A. Hart. Clinically insignificant trunnionosis in large-diameter metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:52–56. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.61. BJR-2016-0150.R2.
A March-based algorithm for location and full diagnosis of all unlinked static faults

A new March-based fault location and full diagnosis algorithm is proposed for word-oriented static RAMs. A March algorithm of complexity 31N, N is the number of memory words, is defined for fault detection and partial diagnosis. Then March-like algorithms of complexity 3N to 5N are used to locate the aggressor words of coupling faults (CF) and achieve full diagnosis for all unlinked static CFs. Another March-like algorithm of complexity 16logB+18, B is the number of bits in the word, is applied to locate the aggressor bit in the aggressor word. A software tool is developed for automated generation of fault syndromes for detection, partial and full diagnosis of all static unlinked faults
Cluster analysis of evolving data streams using centroid initialization methods

The streaming data scenario has brought about unique challenges with it, like outliers detection, large dimensionality and the issue of scalability being at primary focus. The temporal locality is a quite important while, processing evolving data stream (EDS). The inherit patterns present in the data evolves, and hence, the past clusters are no longer valid to the future and also the initial centroids. Thus, a method of centroid initialization has an important role to play in the clusters formation. The proposed work, analyzes the effect of different initialization methods is presented. The three methods are studied K-nearest neighborhood (K-NN), random and uniform. The results have been validated on the nine datasets. K-NN methods have shown promising results with the formation of compact clusters still being a bit time-consuming approach. While in the case of other methods the centroid remains concentrated. These methods highly depended on the shape of the clusters present and the distribution.
Real-time dissolution behavior of furosemide in biorelevant media as determined by UV imaging

The potential of UV imaging as a new small scale flow-through dissolution testing platform and its ability to incorporate biorelevant media was tested. Furosemide was utilized as a model poorly soluble drug, and dissolution media simulating conditions in the small intestine (5/1.25 mM and 40/10 mM bile salt/phospholipid, pH 6.5) together with corresponding blank buffer were employed. Dissolution rates as a function of flow rate (0.2–1.0 mL/min) were determined directly from UV images, and by analysis of collected effluent using UV spectrophotometry. A good agreement in dissolution rates was observed, however repeatability of data based on measurement of collected effluent was superior to that obtained by UV imaging in the utilized prototypic flow cell. Both methods indicated that biorelevant media did not markedly increase the dissolution rate of furosemide as compared to buffer. Qualitatively, UV images indicated that uncontrolled swelling/precipitation of furosemide on the compact surface was occurring in some samples. In situ Raman spectroscopy together with X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the observations were not due to a solid form transformation of furosemide. The presented results highlight the complementary features of the utilized techniques and, in particular, the detailed information related to dissolution behavior which can be achieved by UV imaging.
BIOINFORMATICS APPLICATIONS NOTE

Summary: We present a tool that assesses the enrichment of signiﬁcant associations from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in a pathway context. The SNP ratio test (SRT) compares the proportion of signiﬁcant to all SNPs within genes that are part of a pathway and computes an empirical P -value based on comparisons to ratios in datasets where the assignment of case/control status has been randomized. We applied the SRT to a Parkinson’s disease GWAS dataset, using the KEGG database, revealing signiﬁcance for Parkinson’s disease and related pathways.
Measuring the effects of anti‐dementia drugs in patients with Alzheimer's disease

A large number of experimental compounds are being developed for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). As different compounds may have different effects on CNS function, depending on which neurotransmitters they affect, adequate profiling will require the use of several tests. The difficulties facing the psychopharmacologist in a clinical trial setting of dementia are numerous. Many of the current measures, particularly ratings scales, measure a complex range of variables in the same instrument and this makes interpretation of results difficult. More objective measures are needed but these are often chosen without regard to what the instrument measures in terms of psychological function. Despite these difficulties the need to evaluate anti‐dementia drugs will become increasingly important now that specific drugs for the treatment of AD have become available. It is likely that the best strategy for evaluating such compounds will be via a test battery, comprising a range of instruments (psychometric, clinical and neuropsychological) each measuring a clearly defined aspect of cognitive function. It may be time to rethink the evaluation of anti‐dementia drugs from a psychopharmacological perspective and, in particular, to develop more objective and quantitative measures to be used alongside more ‘traditional’ instruments. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.