Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel method for transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect within an aneurysm of the fossa ovalis: double sheath technique

An aneurysm of the fossa ovalis is frequently associated with an atrial septal defect. Intervention with transcatheter closure of such defects may be difficult since it bears the risk of inadvertent deployment of the device with both umbrellas in the right or left atrium. A novel technique for the closure of such multiperforated aneurysms of the fossa ovalis, which allows central positioning and controlled deployment of the device, is reported.
Changing cultures of water in eastern Australian backyard gardens

Research into diverse cultural understandings of water provides important contributions to the pressing global issue of sustainable supply, particularly when combined with analysis of relationships between everyday household practice and larger sociotechnical networks of storage and distribution. Here we analyse semi-structured interviews with 298 people about their 241 backyards in the Australian east coast cities of Sydney and Wollongong, undertaken during the 2002–2003 drought. Water emerged as an important issue in both consciousness and practice. In contrast to a number of other environmental issues which stimulate more polarised responses, a commitment to reducing water consumption was shared across the study population and manifest in a variety of changed practices. However, these aspirations are in tension with the pleasure derived from water, and expressed desires for more watery environments. This work contrasts with and extends other studies that have emphasised the perceived separation between the modern home and the networks of production that sustain it. We argue that it is in the relationship between house and garden that people see, understand and participate in the network of water storage and distribution. Their active engagement with these processes enhances their capacity to manage and reduce consumption.
Meis3 is required for neural crest invasion of the gut during zebrafish enteric nervous system development

Loss of Meis3 leads to defects in enteric neural crest cell migration, number, and proliferation during colonization of the gut. This leads to colonic aganglionosis, in which the hindgut is devoid of neurons, identifying it as a novel candidate factor in the etiology of Hirschsprung’s disease during enteric nervous system development.
Optimal recursive filtering, prediction, and smoothing for singular stochastic discrete-time systems

A new and simple approach to optimal recursive filtering, prediction, and smoothing for singular stochastic discrete-time systems is presented by using a time-domain innovation analysis method. The estimators are calculated based on an ARMA innovation model which can be obtained using spectral factorization or a recursive identifier. The prediction problem for the singular systems is solved with the aid of an output predictor. Further, a simple solution is presented for the complex smoothing problem.
International Briefing 19: Training and Development in Nigeria

Nigeria formally emerged as a nation in 1914 with the amalgamation of the protectorates of Southern and Northern Nigeria by the British colonial power. Geographically, the country occupies a land mass of approximately 923,736 sq km on the west coast of Africa between the latitude of 4°1′ and 13°9′N and longitudes 2°2′ and 14°30′E. Nigeria shares borders with four countries: the Republic of Niger to the north, the Republic of Chad and Cameroon to the east, and the Republic of Benin to the west. The country is bounded in the south by a vast coastline of the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Guinea, which measures about 800 km (UNSN, 2001). Nigeria is the most populous nation in Africa, with a 1991 population of almost 90 million comprising 50.04 per cent males and 49.96 per cent females (NPC, 1998). The population is estimated at 128,766,000 for the year 2005 (US Census Bureau, 2005). With an annual growth rate of between 2.5 per cent and 3.0 per cent, Nigeria has one of the highest population growth rates in the world (NPC, 1998; US Census Bureau, 2005). The population profile of the country is a young one, with a median age of 17.4 years and 44.9 per cent being under the age of 15 years in 1991. In the same year, people of 65 years and above constituted just 3.3 per cent of the population (NPC, 1998). Nigeria is also experiencing a high rural–urban drift, with Lagos State having the highest positive net migration, followed by Kaduna. Imo State had the highest negative net migration. However, rural areas still harboured approximately 64 per cent of the population in 1991 (NPC, 1998). Nigeria is governed under the federal constitution of 1999. The executive branch is headed by a president elected by a popular vote for the period of 4 years for a
Altruism, prudence, and theory of mind in preschoolers.

The work reported in this chapter arose from two complementary lines of thinking. One was a consideration of the psychological mechanisms involved in organizing behavior that is not in the best immediate interests of the actor but rather is in the interests of someone else—in short, altruism. Clearly this issue is fundamentally about moral action. However, our thinking on the topic led us in a different direction from traditional work on the development of moral reasoning, which is primarily about the kinds of rules actors use to justify moral action (see Chapter Five, this volume). Instead, we considered how action could be motivated by interests or goals that were not the actor’s own immediate ones. Goals or interests that are not an actor’s own immediate ones include those that are attributable to another person or to the self in the future. We refer to these collectively as noncurrent goals or interests. In drawing the distinction between immediate and noncurrent interests and goals, we were led also to consider the connection between altruism and prudence. By prudence, we mean action that is designed to bring about some future desired goal of the self at the expense of some immediate goal. Typical examples drawn from everyday life are dieting, training for a sporting event, and saving money.
A novel approach to infertility treatment of advance-age patient with prominent intramural fibroid

Abstract We report for the first time on a case of infertile advance-age patient with large intramural fibroid, who conceived following a course of Ulipristal. The patient underwent two fresh fertility preserving IVF cycles, with cryopreservation of 9 day-3 embryos, followed by a 12 weeks course of Ulipristal (5 mg per day) and a subsequent frozen-thawed embryo transfer with her own previously cryopreserved embryos. We, therefore, believe that Ulipristal is a valuable addition to treatment armamentarium of advance-age infertile patient with prominent intramural fibroid.
Client satisfaction and quality of health care in rural Bangladesh.

OBJECTIVE To assess user expectations and degree of client satisfaction and quality of health care provided in rural Bangladesh. METHODS A total of 1913 persons chosen by systematic random sampling were successfully interviewed immediately after having received care in government health facilities. FINDINGS The most powerful predictor for client satisfaction with the government services was provider behaviour, especially respect and politeness. For patients this aspect was much more important than the technical competence of the provider. Furthermore, a reduction in waiting time (on average to 30 min) was more important to clients than a prolongation of the quite short (from a medical standpoint) consultation time (on average 2 min, 22 sec), with 75% of clients being satisfied. Waiting time, which was about double at outreach services than that at fixed services, was the only element with which users of outreach services were dissatisfied. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores that client satisfaction is determined by the cultural background of the people. It shows the dilemma that, though optimally care should be capable of meeting both medical and psychosocial needs, in reality care that meets all medical needs may fail to meet the client's emotional or social needs. Conversely, care that meets psychosocial needs may leave the clients medically at risk. It seems important that developing countries promoting client-oriented health services should carry out more in-depth research on the determinants of client satisfaction in the respective culture.
How Natural Is “More Natural”? The Role of Method, Type of Transfer, and Familiarity for Public Perceptions of Cisgenic and Transgenic Modification

A frequent expert assumption is that the public will consider cisgenics more “natural” and therefore more acceptable than transgenics. Experimental (Studies 1 and 2) and representative survey (Eurobarometer) data highlight that public concerns indeed are stronger when the boundaries of species are crossed. However, genetic combinations that could come into existence naturally are not always considered unproblematic. Human intervention in the process amplifies concern while familiarity with the method and its products explains little of the variance. Although cisgenics is more supported than transgenics, a majority of respondents across countries considers cisgenic products to be genetically modified food that must be labeled.
A Review of Joseph J. Mangano’s Study on the Variation in Thyroid Cancer Incidence

AbstractResearchers have attempted to link incidences of papillary thyroid cancer with radioiodine releases from nuclear power plants. Thyroid cancer detection rates are examined together with overall population exposure to ionizing radiation and actual radioiodine releases from the Indian Point Energy Center to determine if a causal relationship exists. A critical review of the statistical analyses used in previous papers is then presented.
Le Pen's comeback: the 2002 French presidential election

How could the French far right draw nearly 20% of the valid votes in the first round of the 2002 presidential election? Who are these voters and have they changed? Can this happen again? To answer these questions we rely on a three wave panel survey of 10,000 interviews conducted before the first round of the presidential election, after the second round and after the second round of the parliamentary elections. It shows that the main features of the Le Pen vote – xenophobic, authoritarian, mostly male – have not changed. But there has been an important shift in its social bases, from urban to rural areas and from young to elderly voters. Comment l'extreme droite francaise a-t-elle pu attirer pres de 20% des suffrages exprimes au premier tour des elections presidentielles de 2002? Qui est son electorat et a-t-il evolue? Est-ce que cela peut se reproduire? Pour repondre a ces questions, l'article s'appuie sur une etude par panel en trois temps comptant 10,000 entretiens menes avant le premier tour de l'election presidentielle, apres le second tour, puis apres le deuxieme tour des elections parlementaires. Elle montre que les principales caracteristiques de l'electorat de Le Pen – xenophobe, partisan de l'autorite, en majorite masculin – n'a pas change. Toutefois, il s'est produit un decalage important de ses bases sociales, des zones urbaines aux zones rurales, et des jeunes vers les personnes âgees.
A Review and Integration of Team Composition Models

Although teams are considered to be the building blocks of modern organizational designs and numerous theoretical models, and narrative and meta-analytic reviews of the literature exist, there is a lack of coherence, integration, and understanding of how team composition effects relate to important team outcomes. Accordingly we have five primary goals for this article. First, we categorize team composition models into four types and highlight theory and research associated with each one. Second, we offer an integrative framework that represents members’ attributes as simultaneously contributing variance to each of the four model types. Third, we overlay temporal considerations that suggest different team compositional mixes will be more or less salient at different periods of performance episodes or stages of team development. Fourth, we integrate membership dynamics into our model. And fifth, we advance an integrative optimization algorithm that incorporates implications from all for the four previous approaches, as well as temporal dynamics and membership change. In so doing, we provide a synthesis of previous work and theories and outline a research agenda for both research and practice.
Association of School Environment and After-School Physical Activity with Health-Related Physical Fitness among Junior High School Students in Taiwan

The relationship between students’ school environment and exercise habits is complex, and is affected by numerous factors. However, the few studies that have been conducted on this relationship have reported inconsistent results, especially regarding Taiwanese students. We conducted this cross-sectional study to investigate the association of school environment and after-school physical activity with health-related physical fitness in Taiwanese adolescents. Data were drawn from a national survey conducted by the Ministry of Education in Taiwan in 2008 of health-related physical fitness measurements among junior high school students (649,442 total) in grades seven to nine. School environment (level of urbanization, school size, presence of sports field or gymnasium) and after-school physical activity were assessed for their association with adolescents’ physical fitness measurements (body mass index (BMI), bent-leg sit-ups, 800-/1600-m run, sit-and-reach, standing long jump). Urban boys and girls perform significantly better in muscle strength and endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and explosive power; girls from rural areas exhibited significantly worse scores in body composition. Boys from large-size schools performed the worst in cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and explosive power; whereas girls from large-size schools performed the worst in muscle strength, muscle endurance, and explosive power, but had the best score for body composition. However, the differences in body composition of boys from large-, medium-, and small- size schools did not reach a statistically significant level. Adolescents of both genders in schools with a sports field or gymnasium exhibited significantly better in muscle strength and endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, and explosive power. Boys in schools with a sports field or gymnasium had significantly better body composition; girls in schools with sports field or gymnasium differed significantly in flexibility. Adolescents of both genders who participated in physical activity after school had significantly better body composition, cardiorespiratory endurance, and flexibility. Boys who participated in physical activity after school significantly differed in explosive power, whereas girls who participated in physical activity after school exhibited significantly better flexibility. Thus, the current study demonstrated that some factors, including urbanization (school location in rural or urban areas), school size, school facility provision (school with or without sports fields or gymnasiums), and after-school physical activity participation are more important than others in shaping adolescents’ physical fitness in Taiwan; meanwhile, these association patterns differed by gender.
Recent developments in second and foreign language listening comprehension research

Listening comprehension lies at the heart of language learning, but it is the least understood and least researched skill. This paper brings together recent research and developments in the field of second and foreign language (L2) listening. It begins with a brief discussion of the different cognitive and social factors that impact listening, followed by a summary of recent research into the development of perception skills and metacognitive knowledge. An integrated model for teaching learners how to listen is then elaborated. In addition, recent research on listening in multimedia environments, academic listening and listening assessment is presented. The paper concludes with a discussion of areas for further research, arguing that the process of listening needs more research attention with in-depth studies that probe deeper into the interaction of the processes and factors that influence successful L2 listening.
NOT YOUR PARENTS' POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION: Introduction for a New Generation

▪ Abstract The field of political socialization is often stereotyped in terms of some of the earliest work in the field and is neglected outside certain areas of American political behavior. However, the continuing and vibrant stream of work in political socialization holds potential for addressing many critical issues across American, comparative, and international politics. This article discusses three themes: the construction of a more genuinely comparative field of political socialization, a reconsideration of the relevance of childhood to politics following its virtual abandonment by the field for many years, and the importance of understanding the origins of preferences. Cidadania nao tem tamanho/Tamanho nao e documento. You don't have to be big to be a citizen/Size is not important. Augusto Sergio Suares Dutra, a 10-year-old Brazilian, quoted in Guerra 2002, p. 77
Parietal Contributions to Visual Working Memory Depend on Task Difficulty

The nature of parietal contributions to working memory (WM) remain poorly understood but of considerable interest. We previously reported that posterior parietal damage selectively impaired WM probed by recognition (Berryhill and Olson, 2008a). Recent studies provided support using a neuromodulatory technique, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the right parietal cortex (P4). These studies confirmed parietal involvement in WM because parietal tDCS altered WM performance: anodal current tDCS improved performance in a change detection task, and cathodal current tDCS impaired performance on a sequential presentation task. Here, we tested whether these complementary results were due to different degrees of parietal involvement as a function of WM task demands, WM task difficulty, and/or participants’ WM capacity. In Experiment 1, we applied cathodal and anodal tDCS to the right parietal cortex and tested participants on both previously used WM tasks. We observed an interaction between tDCS (anodal, cathodal), WM task difficulty, and participants’ WM capacity. When the WM task was difficult, parietal stimulation (anodal or cathodal) improved WM performance selectively in participants with high WM capacity. In the low WM capacity group, parietal stimulation (anodal or cathodal) impaired WM performance. These nearly equal and opposite effects were only observed when the WM task was challenging, as in the change detection task. Experiment 2 probed the interplay of WM task difficulty and WM capacity in a parametric manner by varying set size in the WM change detection task. Here, the effect of parietal stimulation (anodal or cathodal) on the high WM capacity group followed a linear function as WM task difficulty increased with set size. The low WM capacity participants were largely unaffected by tDCS. These findings provide evidence that parietal involvement in WM performance depends on both WM capacity and WM task demands. We discuss these findings in terms of alternative WM strategies employed by low and high WM capacity individuals. We speculate that low WM capacity individuals do not recruit the posterior parietal lobe for WM tasks as efficiently as high WM capacity individuals. Consequently, tDCS provides greater benefit to individuals with high WM capacity.
Antioxidant activities of chick embryo egg hydrolysates

Chick embryo egg hydrolysates (CEEH) were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of chick embryo egg in vitro-simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The antioxidant activities of CEEH were investigated by employing three in vitro assays, including the 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate)/1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (ABTS/DPPH)/hydroxyl radical-scavenging assays. The radical-scavenging effect of CEEH (1.0 mg/mL) was in a dose-dependent manner, with the highest trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity for ABTS, DPPH, and that of hydroxyl radicals found to be 569, 2097, and 259.6 μmol/L, respectively; whereas the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of unhatched egg for ABTS, DPPH, and that of hydroxyl radicals were found to be 199, 993, and 226.5 μmol/L, respectively. CEEH showed stronger scavenging activity than the hydrolysates of unhatched egg against free radicals such as ABTS, DPPH, and hydroxyl radicals. The antioxidant amino acid analysis indicated that the 14-day CEEH possess more antioxidant amino acids than that of the unhatched egg. In addition, essential amino acids analysis showed that the 14-day CEEH have the highest nutritional value. Combined with the results of the amino acid profiles, CEEH were believed to have higher nutritive value in addition to antioxidant activities than the unhatched egg.
No evidence for active human papillomavirus (HPV) in fields surrounding HPV-positive oropharyngeal tumors.

BACKGROUND Patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) have a better prognosis than patients with HPV-negative OPSCCs. Important factors contributing to this better prognosis are relatively low numbers of local/regional recurrences (LRRs) and second primary tumors (SPTs) in patients with HPV-positive OPSCC. These low numbers may be explained in addition by the absence of a 'field cancerization' effect, which is a cause of LRRs and SPTs in patients with HPV-negative OPSCC. We aimed to detect a possible 'field effect' in patients with HPV-positive OPSCC. As HPV is involved in the early stage of carcinogenesis in OPSCCs, its presence is considered a reliable marker for the detection of such a field effect. Therefore, the presence of transcriptionally active HPV was analyzed in the mucosa surrounding HPV-positive OPSCCs. METHODS We included 20 patients who were surgically treated for an HPV-positive OPSCC in the period 2000-2006. Of each patient, the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor sample and all available resection margins were collected. In total, 97 resection margins were investigated with an average of five resection margins per tumor. All samples were analyzed for the presence of tumor and the presence of transcriptionally active HPV by HPV16-E6-mRNA detection. RESULTS All tumors were HPV16-E6-mRNA positive. HPV16-E6-mRNA could be detected in the resection margins that contained tumor (n = 6). All tumor-negative resection margins (n = 91) scored negative for HPV16-E6-mRNA. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, transcriptional active HPV could not be detected in the mucosa surrounding an HPV-positive OPSCC, which suggests the absence of field effect. This observation may explain the lower number of LRRs and SPTs in HPV-positive patients.