Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Life Care Plans : a Resource for Caregivers

Life Care Plans have been used since the early 70s, primarily to assist in litigation involving catastrophic illness or injury. In the last decade Life Care Plans have become an important component in the field of litigation and rehabilitation. However, to date no studies have explored the impact having a Life Care Plan may have for the family Caregiver. Literature supports the need Caregivers have for detailed and concise information about their loved one's condition, plan of care and future needs. This study investigated the perceived helpfulness of the Life Care Plan to Caregivers. Using a 5-point Likert Scale, Caregivers were asked to rate how helpful 37 different areas contained in a Life Care Plan were to them. The second purpose of the study was to explore coping styles caregivers use in a stressful situation. Relationships between Caregivers and their coping styles were also explored. Seventy Four Caregivers responded to the survey. Caregivers rated all 37 areas at least "fairly helpful" to them. Most helpful to the Caregiver was information regarding the future costs. More than 90 percent of Caregivers responding indicated that they found the Life Care Plan as "very helpful" or "extremely helpful" in understanding the future costs involved. Using the Ways of Coping Questionnaire, several coping styles of Caregivers were explored. It was hypothesized that there would be a positive correlation between the Helpfulness scale and the Seeking Social Support Scale, measured by the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. This reached statistical significance at the . 001 level. No other hypothesis reached statistical significance.
Evidence for contractile protein translocation in macrophage spreading, phagocytosis, and phagolysosome formation

Macrophage pseudopodia that surround objects during phagocytosis contain a meshwork of actin filaments and exclude organelles. Between these pseudopodia at the base of developing phagosomes, the organelle exclusion ceases, and lysosomes enter the cell periphery to fuse with the phagosomes. Macrophages also extend hyaline pseudopodia on the surface of nylon wool fibers and secrete lysosomal enzymes into the extracellular medium instead of into phagosomes. To analyze biochemically these concurrent alterations in cytoplasmic architecture, we allowed rabbit lung macrophages to spread on nylon wool fibers and then subjected the adherent cells to shear. This procedure caused the selective release of β-glucoronidase into the extracellular medium and yielded two fractions, cell bodies and isolated pseudopod blebs resembling podosomes, which are plasma-lemma-bounded sacs of cortical cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic extracts of the cell bodies eluted from nylon fibers contained two-thirds less actin-binding protein and myosin, and approximately 20 percent less actin and two-thirds of the other two proteins were accounted for in podosomes. The alterations in protein composition correlated with assays of myosin-associated EDTA-activated adenosine triphosphatase activity, and with a diminution in the capacity of extracts of nylon wool fiber-treated cell bodies to gel, a property dependent on the interaction between actin-binding protein and F-actin. However, the capacity of the remaining actin in cell bodies to polymerize did not change. We propose that actin-binding protein and myosin are concentrated in the cell cortex and particularly in pseudopodia where prominent gelation and syneresis of actin occur. Actin in the regions from which actin-binding protein and myosin are displaced disaggregates without depolymerizing, permitting lysosomes to gain access to the plasmalemma. Translocation of contractile proteins could therefore account for the concomitant differences in organelle exclusion that characterize phagocytosis.
On the equivalence of TCM encoders

Optimal trellis-coded modulation (TCM) schemes are obtained by jointly designing the convolutional encoder and the binary labeling of the constellation. Unfortunately this approach is infeasible for large encoder memories or constellation sizes. Traditional TCM designs circumvent this problem by using a labeling that follows the set-partitioning principle and by performing an exhaustive search over the encoders. Therefore, traditional TCM schemes are not necessarily optimal. In this paper, we study binary labelings for TCM and show how they can be grouped into classes, which considerably reduces the search space in a joint design. For the particular case of 8-ary modulation the search space for the labelings is reduced from 8! to 240. Using this classification, we formally prove that for any channel it is always possible to design a TCM system based on the binary-reflected Gray code with identical performance to the one proposed by Ungerboeck in 1982. Moreover, the classification is used to tabulate asymptotically optimal TCM schemes.
Changeset based developer communication to detect software failures

As software systems get more complex, the companies developing them consist of larger teams and therefore results in more complex communication artifacts. As these software systems grow, so does the impact of every action to the product. To prevent software failure created by this growth and complexity, companies need to find more efficient and effective ways to communicate. The method used in this paper presents developer communication in the form of social networks of which have properties that can be used to detect software failures.
A trial of the objective structured practical examination in physiology at Melaka Manipal Medical College, India.

A single examination does not fulfill all the functions of assessment. The present study was undertaken to determine the reliability and student satisfaction regarding the objective structured practical examination (OSPE) as a method of assessment of laboratory exercises in physiology before implementing it in the forthcoming university examination. The present study was undertaken in the Department of Physiology of Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Campus, India. During the OSPE, students were made to rotate through 11 stations, of which 8 stations were composed of questions that tested their knowledge and critical thinking and 2 stations were composed of skills that students had to perform before the examiner. One station was kept as the rest station. Performance of the students was assessed by comparing the students' scores in the traditional practical examination (TPE) and OSPE using "Bland-Altman technique. " Student perspectives regarding the OSPE were obtained by asking them to respond to a questionnaire. The Bland-Altman plot showed that approximately 63% of the students showed a performance in the scores obtained using the OSPE and TPE within the acceptable limit of 8; 32% of the students scored much above the anticipated difference in the scores, and the rest scored below the anticipated difference in the scores on the OSPE and TPE. Feedback indicated that students were in favor of the OSPE compared with the TPE. Feedback from the students provided scope for improvement before the OSPE was administered for the first time in the forthcoming university examination.
Holographic heavy-light mesons from non-Abelian DBI

In the context of gauge/gravity duals with flavor, we examine heavy-light mesons which involve a heavy and a light quark. For this purpose we embed two D7 brane probes at different positions into the gravity background. We establish the non-Abelian Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) action for these probes, in which the U(2) matrix describing the embedding is diagonal. The fluctuations of the brane probes correspond to the mesons. In particular, the off-diagonal elements of the U(2) fluctuation matrix correspond to the heavy-light mesons, while the diagonal elements correspond to the light-light and heavy-heavy mesons, respectively. The heavy-light mesons scale differently with the 't Hooft coupling than the mesons involving quarks of equal mass. The model describes both scalar and vector mesons. For different dilaton-deformed gravity backgrounds, we also calculate the Wilson loop energy, and compare with the meson masses.
Statistics in the Social World

The Politics of Large Numbers A History of Statistical Reasoning. Alain Desrosières translated by Camille Naish. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1998. 380 pp. $45. ISBN 0-674-68932-1. Desrosières's narrative relates the development of modern statistics to the knowledge and power of governments, portraying it as a synthesis of scientific and administrative practices.
Regional patterns of recruitment success and failure in two endemic California oaks

Oak woodlands and savannas are key defining landscapes in the California Floristic Province, making up almost a quarter of the region's forests and woodlands. Two endemic Californian oak species, valley oak (Quercus lobata Neé) and blue oak (Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn.), are widely considered at risk of decline from persistent recruitment failures in the last century. However, decades of research have produced no definitive conclusion about the existence, extent, or causes of this ‘regeneration problem’. Underlying causes of perceived recruitment failure are unclear and could include drivers at distribution‐wide to local scales including climate and atmospheric changes, habitat fragmentation, altered herbivore populations, changing fire regimes, exotic plant and animal invasions, livestock grazing, and soil conditions altered by past land uses. We performed meta‐analyses of existing stand‐scale data from the published and grey literatures on seedling and sapling recruitment in blue and valley oaks throughout each of their distributions. We sought to evaluate whether distribution‐wide regeneration ‘problems’ exist for either species and to assess what factors correlate with distribution‐wide recruitment patterns. Nearly 80% of sites surveyed for blue oaks but fewer than 50% of sites surveyed for valley oaks contained some evidence of seedling or sapling recruitment. A majority of sites surveyed for both species appear to have insufficient recruitment to replace adult populations, though further demographic work would be required to quantify minimum replacement recruitment rates. Reserve sites were seven times more likely than non‐reserve sites to contain valley oak populations with evidence of recruitment. Blue oak recruitment patterns were weakly related to climate and geographical factors and strongly variable at subregional scales. We suggest several lines of additional research that could fill gaps in the existing literature and clarify the patterns emerging from this analysis.
Structural Diversity of Class 1 Integrons and Their Associated Gene Cassettes in Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from a Hospital in China

Background Klebsiella pneumoniae strains carrying class 1 integrons are becoming more common worldwide, and their role in the dissemination of drug resistance is significant. The aim of this study was to characterize the structural diversity of class 1 integrons and their associated gene cassettes in K. pneumoniae isolates from hospital settings. Methodology/Principal Findings We analyzed a total of 176 K. pneumoniae isolates in a tertiary-care hospital in Beijing, China for the period of November 1, 2010-October 31, 2011. The presence of class 1 integrons and gene cassettes was analyzed by PCR and sequencing. The prevalence of class 1 integrons was 51.1% (90/176). Fourteen different gene cassettes and 10 different gene cassette arrays were detected. dfrA and aadA cassettes were predominant and cassette combination dfrA1-orfC was most frequently found (13.6%, 24/176). Strong association between resistance to a variety of drugs (both phenotypes and the associated genes) and the presence of class 1 integrons was observed. In addition, we also identified an association between some previously identified prevalent sequence types (such as ST11, ST15, ST147, ST562, and ST716) and the presence of class 1 integrons. Conclusions/Significance Data from this study demonstrated that class 1 integrons are highly diverse and are associated with a variety of drug resistance phenotypes, drug resistance genes, as well as genotypes among K. pneumoniae isolates. Continuous monitoring of gene cassettes in class 1 integrons is warranted to improve the understanding and control of drug resistance among hospital settings.
Approximation algorithms for stochastic scheduling on unrelated machines

Motivated by problems in distributed computing, this thesis presents the first nontrivial polynomial time approximation algorithms for an important class of machine scheduling problems. We study the family of preemptive minimum makespan scheduling problems where jobs have stochastic processing requirements and provide the first approximation algorithms for these problems when machines have unrelated speeds. We show a series of algorithms that apply given increasingly general classes of precedence constraints on jobs. Letting nand m be, respectively, the number of jobs and machines in an instance, when jobs need an exponentially distributed amount of processing, we give: • An O(log log min {m, n} )-approximation algorithm when jobs are independent; • An 0 (log(n + m) log log min {m, n} )-approximation algorithm when precedence constraints form disjoint chains; and, • An O(log n log(n + m) log log min {m, n} )-approximation algorithm when precedence constraints form a directed forest. Very simple modifications allow our algorithms to apply to more general distributions, at the cost of slightly worse approximation ratios. Our O(log log n )-approximation algorithm for independent jobs holds when we allow restarting instead of preemption. Here jobs may switch machines, but lose all previous processing if they do so. We also consider problems in the framework of scheduling under uncertainty [13]. This model considers jobs that require unit processing on machines with identical speeds. However, after processing a job to completion, a machine has an (unrelated) probability of failing and leaving the job uncompleted. This difficulty is offset by allowing multiple machines to process a job simultaneously. We prove that this model is equivalent to a slightly modified version of the family of problems described above and provide approximation algorithms for analogous problems with identical ratios. Thesis Supervisor: David R. Karger Title: Professor
La autodeterminación en adolescentes con discapacidad intelectual

This research was aimed at analysing the effect of a simulation-aided learning environment on the self-determination of a group of intellectually handicapped adolescents. The sample included 13 adolescents having similar development levels, from different educational institutions from the town of Ceja del Tambo in the Antioquia department. This group of intellectually handicapped adolescents participated in a virtual and natural simulation-aided learning environment for eight months (eight hours per week). The results led to concluding that there is a felt need for families and educational institutions to produce alternatives for developing and consolidating levels of intellectually-handicapped adolescents' personal autonomy and expression. This investigation's findings open the way forward for future studies aimed at determining how factors traditionally generating social exclusion situations in this population can become reduced by implementing information and communication technology-aided proposals.
Challenges in healthcare and welfare intercloud

In this paper, we introduce healthcare and welfare provisioning intercloud on an example of Aging in Place platform. We relate it to earlier work both in healthcare and intercloud domain. We describe goals and architecture of the platform and demonstrate benefits of applying Cloud Computing solutions to previously identified challenges. Subsequently, we list and analyze challenges that seem to be unique to such setting and identify risk factors.
The effect of an exon 12 polymorphism of the human thromboxane synthase (CYP5A1) gene in stroke patients.

BACKGROUND To examine the prevalence of an exon 12 polymorphism on the human Thromboxane synthase (CYP5A1) gene. MATERIAL/METHODS Using sequence-specific PCR, we examined the allelic prevalence in 237 Greek patients with ischemic strokes and in 171 controls. In addition, we compared the CYP5A1 allelic prevalence in 71 patients with stroke recurrence despite Aspirin use, in comparison with patients who have not experienced recurrent stroke while taking Aspirin. RESULTS The frequencies of the CYP5A1*9 mutant (substitution of guanine by adenine near the heme-binding catalytic domain) and of the wild-type allele were 0.197 and 0.803, respectively; they did not differ significantly between stroke patients and controls. The wild-type allele was more frequent in the Cretan population compared to continental Greece (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.19-2.74). The wild-type allele was more frequent among hypertensive and less frequent among diabetic stroke sufferers, respectively. The CYP5A1*9 mutant was significantly more prevalent among stroke patients with history of previous cerebrovascular attacks (p<0.01); and among those who failed secondary Aspirin prophylaxis even after adjusting for the common risk factors for cardiovascular disease (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.06-2.11). CONCLUSIONS Allelic prevalence of the CYP5A1 exon 12 might differ between geographic areas within the same ethnic group, and is associated with particular characteristics of stroke patients. Allele mutations can abolish the enzymatic activity of thromboxane synthase, via impaired heme binding, associated with defective response to Aspirin used as secondary prevention, an effect independent from the conventional risk factors for cerebrovascular disease.
Evidence for two different turnover pools of adrenocorticotropin, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, and endorphin-related peptides released by the frog pituitary neurointermediate lobe.

The neurointermediate lobes of dark adapted frogs (Xenopus laevis) were incubated for 1 h in [3H]arginine or [>3H]phenylalanine and then chased for various periods, ranging from 1–10 h, in the absence or presence of an inhibitor of secretion, dopamine. The labeled peptides synthesized and secreted by the neurointermediate lobes were analyzed by acidurea polyacrylamide gels. Using this pulse-chase paradigm, two pools of peptides synthesized from the ACTH-endorphin precursor, which differed in their turnover and regulation of release were observed. About 76% of the newly synthesized, releasable, labeled peptides belonged to a fast turnover pool. The peptides in this pool included ACTH with molecular weights (K = 1000 daltons) of approximately 21K and 13K, αMSH, and β-endorphin, and they were rapidly released after synthesis. The release of these peptides was inhibited by dopamine but not by Lisoproterenol. If the lobe was inhibited from release by dopamine, peptides in this pool were degraded intracellularl.
Research Advances and Detection Methodologies for Microbe-Derived Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: A Systemic Review

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are an attractive research subject owing to their potential applications in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Fungi and bacteria are major producers of AChEIs. Their active ingredients of fermentation products include alkaloids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and steroids. A variety of in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitor assays have been developed and used to measure the activity of acetylcholinesterases, including modified Ellman’s method, thin layer chromatography bioautography, and the combined liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/modified Ellman’s method. In this review, we provide an overview of the different detection methodologies, the microbe-derived AChEIs, and their producing strains.
Consistencia/inconsistencia en los estilos educativos de padres y madres, y estrés cotidiano en la adolescencia

Este estudio analiza las diversas situaciones de consistencia y de inconsistencia en los estilos educativos de ambos progenitores y su relacion con el estres cotidiano que informan sus hijos e hijas adolescentes en los contextos mas significativos de su vida. Los participantes fueron 840 estudiantes de E.S. O. con edades entre los 12 y 16 anos. Para establecer los estilos educativos parentales se utilizo el analisis de cluster. Los resultados muestran que, cuando se atribuye un estilo democratico a ambos padres, los hijos informan los menores niveles de estres cotidiano. Las situaciones de consistencia en los estilos de ambos padres reducen el estres frente a las situaciones de inconsistencia. La presencia de un solo progenitor democratico en la familia se asocia con menor estres; sin embargo, no basta que uno de los padres ejerza un estilo democratico, sino que depende ademas del estilo desarrollado por el otro miembro de la pareja.
Alternatives for Support: Life After Divorce-A Literature Review

Family life educators, therapists, and researchers have focused on the trauma associated with divorce. There are, however, potential sources of support for divorcing/divorced individuals including family, friends, dating relationships, or remarrying. Therefore, the primary purpose of this paper is to review the literature related to these avenues of support.
The impact of red and blue light-emitting diode illumination on radish physiological indices

The objective was to evaluate the effect of different combinations of red (638 nm) and blue (455 nm) light produced by solid-state light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on physiological indices (net assimilation rate, hypocotyl-to-leaf ratio, leaf area, leaf dry weight, hypocotyl length and diameter, plant length, developed leaves), variation of photosynthetic pigments and non-structural carbohydrates in radish (Raphanus sativus L., var. ‘Faraon’). Lighting experiments were performed under controlled conditions (total PPFD - 200 μmol m−2 s−1; 16 h photoperiod; 14/18°C night/day temperature). The LED conditions: 638 nm; 638 + 5% 455 nm; 638 + 10% 455 nm; 638 + 10% 455 + 731 nm; 638 + 10% 455 + 731 + 669 nm. Our results showed that radishes grown under red (638 nm) alone were elongated, and the formation of hypocotyl was weak. The net assimilation rate, hypocotyl-to-leaf ratio, and leaf dry weight also were low due to the low accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and non-structural carbohydrates in leaves. The supplemented blue (455 nm) light was necessary for the non-structural carbohydrates distribution between radish storage organs and leaves which resulted in hypocotyl thickening. Red alone (638 nm) or in combination with far-red (731 nm), or red669 for radish generative development was required.