Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Viral vector-based influenza vaccines

ABSTRACT Antigenic drift of seasonal influenza viruses and the occasional introduction of influenza viruses of novel subtypes into the human population complicate the timely production of effective vaccines that antigenically match the virus strains that cause epidemic or pandemic outbreaks. The development of game-changing vaccines that induce broadly protective immunity against a wide variety of influenza viruses is an unmet need, in which recombinant viral vectors may provide. Use of viral vectors allows the delivery of any influenza virus antigen, or derivative thereof, to the immune system, resulting in the optimal induction of virus-specific B- and T-cell responses against this antigen of choice. This systematic review discusses results obtained with vectored influenza virus vaccines and advantages and disadvantages of the currently available viral vectors.
Predictors of mercury spatial patterns in San Francisco Bay forage fish

Pollution reduction efforts should be targeted toward those sources that result in the highest bioaccumulation. For mercury (Hg) in estuaries and other complex water bodies, carefully designed biosentinel monitoring programs can help identify predictors of bioaccumulation and inform management priorities for source reduction. This study employed a probabilistic forage fish Hg survey with hypothesis testing in San Francisco Bay (California, USA). The goal was to determine what pollution sources, regions, and landscape features were associated with elevated Hg bioaccumulation. Across 99 sites, whole‐body Hg concentrations in Mississippi silversides (Menidia audens) and topsmelt (Atherinops affinis) followed a broad spatial gradient, declining with distance from the Guadalupe River (Pearson's r = –0.69 and –0.42, respectively), which drains historic mining areas. Site landscape attributes and local Hg sources had subtle effects, which differed between fish species. Topsmelt Hg increased in embayment sites (i.e., enclosed sites including channels, creek mouths, marinas, and coves) and sites with historic Hg‐contaminated sediment, suggesting an influence of legacy industrial and mining contamination. In 2008, Mississippi silverside Hg was reduced at sites draining wastewater‐treatment plants. Fish Hg was not related to abundance of surrounding wetland cover but was elevated in some watersheds draining from historic Hg‐mining operations. Results indicated both regional and site‐specific influences for Hg bioaccumulation in San Francisco Bay, including legacy contamination and proximity to treated wastewater discharge. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2728–2737. © 2013 SETAC
Simulation of Intra-Cardiac Complex Impedance Signals for Developing Simple Bio-impedance Models for Cardio-Dynamics

In this study computer models are used for simulating electrical impedance signals from intracardiac catheter inserted to the bottom of the left ventricle of the heart. 3D dynamic heart is composed of dynamic spline surfaces. Impedance signals from the catheter electrodes are calculated with finite difference method using complex tissue impedance values at frequencies 1 kHz and 1 MHz. The results of the FDM modeling were compared with a simple 3-element equivalent circuit model where also a parameter change has been introduced. The impedance results exhibited significantly similar details once plotted on Nyquist real-imaginary plot. From those similarities we conclude, that it is worthwhile to continue research in this area and aim to develop a few-element electrical circuit model for whole organ impedance
Fair and Efficient Bandwidth Allocation with the Reference Point Methodology

A fair way of distribution of the bandwidth among competing demands becomes a key issue in computer networks [3] and telecommunications network design, in general [11, 12]. The so-called Max-Min Fairness (MMF) [1, 5, 6] is widely considered as such ideal fairness criteria. Indeed, the lexicographic max-min optimization used in the MMF approach generalizes equal sharing at a single link bandwidth to any network while maintaining the Pareto optimality. Certainly, allocating the bandwidth to optimize the worst performances may cause a large worsening of the overall throughput of the network. Therefore, network management must consider two goals: increasing throughput and providing fairness. The purpose of this work is to show that there exists a multiple criteria model that allows to represent consistently the overall efficiency and fairness goals. Moreover, the criteria measure actual network throughput for various levels (targets) of flows. Thereby, the criteria can easily be introduced into the model and they allow to apply effectively the reference point methodology where the decision maker specifies preferences in terms of aspiration levels (reference point), i.e., by introducing desired (acceptable) levels for several criteria.
Czech-English Bilingual Valency Lexicon Online

We describe CzEngVallex, a bilingual Czech–English valency lexicon which aligns verbal valency frames and their arguments. It is based on a parallel Czech-English corpus, the Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank (PCEDT), where for each occurrence of a verb, a reference to the underlying Czech and English valency lexicons (PDT-Vallex and CzEngVallex, respectively) is recorded. The CzEngVallex then pairs the entries (verb senses) of the two lexicons, and allows for detailed studies of verb valency and argument structure in translation and also compare the approaches to valency in the two languages on the background of the same underlying theory, the Functional Generative Description. The CzEngVallex lexicon is now accessible online, and we will also describe here the search interface which makes certain complex queries possible, using the lexicon and accessing the associated examples of verb sense translations, as extracted from the PCEDT corpus. 1 The PCEDT parallel corpus and its lexicons Valency, or verb argument structure, is an important phenomenon both in linguistic studies as well as in language technology applications, since the verb is considered the core of a clause in (almost) every natural language utterance. Various dictionaries have been built from Propbank [13] to Framenet [1] as well as various valency lexicons exist for several languages, such as Walenty [16] for Polish, Verbalex [8] or Vallex [9] for Czech, Valence Lexicon for a Treebank of German [3] for German etc. However, there are no truly multilingual valency dictionaries linked to corpora. The Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank (PCEDT 2.0) [4] contains the WSJ part of the Penn Treebank [10] and its manual professional translation to Czech, annotated manually using the tectogrammatical representation [11], first used for the Prague Dependency Treebank 2.0 (PDT) [5]. The tectogrammatical representation is in turn based on the Functional Generative Description theory [17].
Measuring copycat crime

Copycat crimes have not been identified or measured in a coherent manner. To forward the study of copycat crime, a methodology was developed to empirically score crimes that are suspected of being copycat crimes on a scale from “unsubstantiated” to “substantiated”. The copycat crime measure utilized seven factors culled from the extant literature to differentiate and score a demonstration set of 51 candidate copycat crimes associated with commercial entertainment films. Two examples of analysis and research questions that can be subsequently pursued utilizing the scoring approach are provided. A means of measuring copycat crime will provide interested researchers the capability to examine research questions related to copycat crime trends, media content and copycat crime, social media and copycat crime, and different types of copycat crime.
A DYANAMIC CROSS-REFERENCE PRUNING STRATEGY FOR MULTIPLE FEATURE FUSION AT DECODER RUN TIME

Although multiple cues, such as different signal processing techniques and feature representations, have been used in speech recognition in adverse acoustic environment, how to maximally utilize the benefit of these cues is largely unsolved. In this paper, a novel search strategy is proposed. During parallel decoding of different feature streams, the intermediate outputs are cross-referenced to reduce pruning errors. Experiment results show this method significantly improved recognition performance on a noisy large vocabulary continuous speech task.
The chemistry of peroxynitrite: a product from the reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide.

Nitric oxide and superoxide, which are produced by several cell types, rapidly combine to form peroxynitrite. This reaction can result in nitric oxide scavenging, and thus mitigation of the biological effects of superoxide. Also, superoxide can trap and hence modulate the effects of nitric oxide; superoxide dismutase, by controlling superoxide levels, therefore can influence the reaction pathways open to nitric oxide. The production of peroxynitrite, however, causes its own sequelae of events: Although neither . NO nor superoxide is a strong oxidant, peroxynitrite is a potent and versatile oxidant that can attack a wide range of biological targets. The peroxynitrite anion is relatively stable, but its acid, peroxynitrous acid (HOONO), rearranges to form nitrate with a half-life of approximately 1 s at pH 7, 37 degrees C. HOONO exists as a Boltzmann distribution of rotamers; at 5-37 degrees C HOONO has an apparent acidity constant, pKa,app, of 6.8. Oxidation reactions of HOONO can involve two-electron processes (such as an SN2 displacement) or a one-electron transfer (ET) reaction in which the substrate is oxidized by one electron and peroxynitrite is reduced. These oxidation reactions could involve one of two mechanisms. The first mechanism is homolysis of HOONO to give HO. and . NO2, which initially are held together in a solvent cage. This caged pair of radicals (the "geminate" pair) can either diffuse apart, giving free radicals that can perform oxidations, or react together either to form nitrate or to reform HOONO (a process called cage return). A large amount of cage return can explain the small entropy of activation (Arrhenius A-factor) observed for the decomposition of HOONO. A cage mechanism also can explain the residual yield of nitrate that appears to be formed even in the presence of high concentrations of all of the scavengers studied to date, since scavengers capture only free HO. and . NO2 and not caged radicals. If the cage mechanism is correct, the rate of disappearance of peroxynitrite be slower in solvents of higher viscosity, and we do not find this to be the case. The second mechanism is that an activated isomer of peroxynitrous acid, HOONO*, can be formed in a steady state. The HOONO* mechanism can explain the inability of hydroxyl radical scavengers to completely block either nitrate formation or the oxidation of substrates such as methionine, since HOONO* would be less reactive, and therefore more selective, than the hydroxyl radical itself. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Vengeance, sexual compulsivity and self-efficacy among men who have sex with men living with HIV

ABSTRACT Vengeance is defined as a continuum of thoughts and/or actions ranging from harmless thoughts to destruction or death, due to feelings of hurt or anger, as a result of a perceived personal attack. Studies assessing the association between vengeance and HIV risk behavior are extremely lacking. The primary aims of this study were to examine the associations between vengeance and sexual compulsivity (SC), and self-efficacies (SEs) for condom use, HIV disclosure, and negotiation of safer sex practices. Data were obtained from 266 men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV. Simple and multiple linear regression were used to explore the associations between vengeance, SC and SE. After adjusting for sociodemographic and HIV-related factors, there was a negative association between vengeance and SE for HIV disclosure: (most vengeful: β = −1.49; 95% CI: −2.40, −0.58; more vengeful: β = −1.17; 95% CI: −2.12, −0.22; vengeance (continuous: β = −0.03; 95% CI: −0.05, −0.01). Intervention programs geared towards improving SE for HIV disclosure among MSM living with HIV should endeavor to reduce vengeful feelings.
Awareness regarding oral cancer and oral precancerous lesions among rural population of Belgaum district, India

Belgaum district of Karnataka state is well known for high production and consumption of tobacco in Southern India. This study aimed to investigate the rural population’s awareness of oral cancer, precancerous lesions and their risk factors. Data were collected via face to face interviews using a pretested and validated questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised two parts: part one had questions concerning socio-demographic data and part two consisted of 25 questions pertaining to people’s attitudes to and awareness of risk factors for oral cancer and precancerous lesions. One researcher interviewed participants and recorded the responses verbatim. Of the participants, 17% identified all the symptoms of oral cancer and 27.8% identified all the symptoms of oral precancerous lesions. Approximately 90% of the participants had never noticed statutory warnings on tobacco and alcohol products. Awareness was especially poor in people of lower socio-economic status. This study highlights a need for education concerning the risk factors for oral cancer, its clinical manifestations and the impact of adverse habits on long term health. Health education campaigns emphasizing oral cancer need to be integrated with broader public health messages.
Critical Role for Mixed-Lineage Kinase 3 in Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity

c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) activation plays a major role in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity. However, the exact mechanism of APAP-induced JNK activation is incompletely understood. It has been established that apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) regulates the late phase of APAP-induced JNK activation, but the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase that mediates the initial phase of APAP-induced JNK activation has not been identified. Oxidative stress produced during APAP metabolism causes JNK activation, which promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and results in the amplification of oxidative stress. Therefore, inhibition of the initial phase of JNK activation may be key to protection against APAP-induced liver injury. The goal of this study was to determine whether mixed-lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) mediates the initial, ASK1-independent phase of APAP-induced JNK activation and thus promotes drug-induced hepatotoxicity. We found that MLK3 was activated by oxidative stress and was required for JNK activation in response to oxidative stress. Loss of MLK3 attenuated APAP-induced JNK activation and hepatocyte death in vitro, independent of receptor-interacting protein 1. Moreover, JNK and glycogen synthase kinase 3β activation was significantly attenuated, and Mcl-1 degradation was inhibited in APAP-treated MLK3-knockout mice. Furthermore, we showed that loss of MLK3 increased expression of glutamate cysteine ligase, accelerated hepatic GSH recovery, and decreased production of reactive oxygen species after APAP treatment. MLK3-deficient mice were significantly protected from APAP-induced liver injury, compared with wild-type mice. Together, these studies establish a novel role for MLK3 in APAP-induced JNK activation and hepatotoxicity, and they suggest MLK3 as a possible target in the treatment of APAP-induced liver injury.
Admission to a neurologic/neurosurgical intensive care unit is associated with reduced mortality rate after intracerebral hemorrhage

ObjectiveTo determine whether mortality rate after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is lower in patients admitted to a neurologic or neurosurgical (neuro) intensive care unit (ICU) compared to those admitted to general ICUs. BackgroundThe utility of specialty ICUs is debated. From a cost perspective, having fewer larger ICUs is preferred. Alternatively, the impact of specialty ICUs on patient outcome is unknown. Patients with ICH are admitted routinely to both general and neuro ICUs and provide an opportunity to address this question. SettingForty-two neuro, medical, surgical, and medical-surgical ICUs. Measurements and Main Results The study was an analysis of data prospectively collected by Project Impact over 3 yrs from 42 participating ICUs (including one neuro ICU) across the country. The records of 36,986 patients were merged with records of 3,298 patients from a second neuro ICU that collected the same data over the same period. The impact of clinical (age, race, gender, Glasgow Coma Scale score, reason for admission, insurance), ICU (size, number of ICH patients, full-time intensivist, clinical service, American College for Graduate Medical Education or Critical Care Medicine fellowship), and institutional (size, location, medical school affiliation) characteristics on hospital mortality rate of ICH patients was assessed by using a forward-enter multivariate analysis. Data from 1,038 patients were included. The 13 ICUs that admitted >20 patients accounted for 83% of the admissions with a mortality rate that ranged from 25% to 64%. Multivariate analysis adjusted for patient demographics, severity of ICH, and ICU and institutional characteristics indicated that not being in a neuro ICU was associated with an increase in hospital mortality rate (odds ratio [OR], 3.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65–7.6). Other factors associated with higher mortality rate were greater age (OR, 1.03/year; 95% CI, 1.01–1.04), lower Glasgow Coma Scale score (OR, 0.6/point; 95% CI, 0.58–0.65), fewer ICH patients (OR, 1.01/patient; 95% CI, 1.00–1.01), and smaller ICU (OR, 1.1/bed; 95% CI, 1.02–1.13). Having a full time intensivist was associated with lower mortality rate (OR, 0.388; 95% CI, 0.22–0.67). ConclusionsFor patients with acute ICH, admission to a neuro vs. general ICU is associated with reduced mortality rate.
Workplace Social Support and Behavioral Health Prior to Long-Duration Spaceflight.

INTRODUCTION Preparation and training for long-duration spaceflight bring with them psychosocial stressors potentially affecting the well-being and performance of astronauts, before and during spaceflight. Social support from within the workplace may mitigate behavioral health concerns arising during the preflight period and enhance resiliency before and during extended missions. The purpose of this review was to evaluate evidence addressing the viability of workplace social support as a pre-mission countermeasure, specifically addressing: 1) the observed relationships between workplace social support and behavioral health; 2) perceived need, acceptability, and format preference for workplace social support among high-achievers; 3) potential barriers to delivery/receipt of workplace social support; 4) workplace social support interventions; and 5) delivery timeframe and anticipated duration of workplace social support countermeasure benefits. METHODS We conducted an evidence review examining workplace social support in professional contexts sharing one or more characteristics with astronauts and spaceflight. Terms included populations of interest, social support constructs, and behavioral health outcomes. Abstracts of matches were subsequently reviewed for relevance and quality. RESULTS Research findings demonstrate clear associations between workplace social support and behavioral health, especially following exposure to stress. Further, studies indicate strong need for support and acceptability of support countermeasures, despite barriers. Our review revealed two general formats for providing support (i.e., direct provision of support and training to optimize skills in provision and receipt of support) with potential differentiation of expected duration of benefits, according to format. DISCUSSION Workplace social support countermeasures hold promise for effective application during pre-mission phases of long-duration spaceflight. Specific recommendations are provided.Deming CA, Vasterling JJ. Workplace social support and behavioral health prior to long-duration spaceflight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(6):565-573.
Transcriptome Analysis of the Initial Stage of Acute WSSV Infection Caused by Temperature Change

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the most devastating virosis threatening the shrimp culture industry worldwide. Variations of environmental factors in shrimp culture ponds usually lead to the outbreak of white spot syndrome (WSS). In order to know the molecular mechanisms of WSS outbreak induced by temperature variation and the biological changes of the host at the initial stage of WSSV acute infection, RNA-Seq technology was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in shrimp with a certain amount of WSSV cultured at 18°C and shrimp whose culture temperature were raised to 25°C. To analyze whether the expression changes of the DEGs were due to temperature rising or WSSV proliferation, the expression of selected DEGs was analyzed by real-time PCR with another shrimp group, namely Group T, as control. Group T didn’t suffer WSSV infection but was subjected to temperature rising in parallel. At the initial stage of WSSV acute infection, DEGs related to energy production were up-regulated, whereas most DEGs related to cell cycle and positive regulation of cell death and were down-regulated. Triose phosphate isomerase, enolase and alcohol dehydrogenase involved in glycosis were up-regulated, while pyruvate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase and isocitrate dehydrogenase with NAD as the coenzyme involved in TCA pathway were down-regulated. Also genes involved in host DNA replication, including DNA primase, DNA topoisomerase and DNA polymerase showed down-regulated expression. Several interesting genes including crustin genes, acting binding or inhibiting protein genes, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 9 (ADAM9) gene and a GRP 78 gene were also analyzed. Understanding the interactions between hosts and WSSV at the initial stage of acute infection will not only help to get a deep insight into the pathogenesis of WSSV but also provide clues for therapies.
Pseudo-Elliptic Waveguide Filters Without Cross Coupling

Pseudo-elliptic waveguide filters which do not include additional couplings between non-adjacent cavities are presented. A 5th order TE111 circular waveguide filter with three finite transmission zeros, a 3rd order E-plane filter with three finite transmission zeros and 5th order H-plane filter with two transmission zeros are presented. The designs, which are carried out using the Coupled-Integral-Equations Technique (CIET), are validated by comparison with the Mode Matching Technique (MMT).
Identification and characterization of KLHL4, a novel human homologue of the Drosophila Kelch gene that maps within the X-linked cleft palate and Ankyloglossia (CPX) critical region.

X-linked cleft palate (CPX) is a rare nonsyndromic form of orofacial clefting that is, unlike more common forms, inherited as a highly penetrant Mendelian trait. Linkage studies using a large Icelandic kindred localized the gene to Xq21.3, and a physical map defining a 2.0-Mb candidate region was subsequently constructed. Genomic sequence is now available for much of the critical region and has been surveyed for potential transcriptional units. Through this analysis, we have identified a novel human homologue of Kelch, KLHL4. The transcript represents a mRNA of approximately 3.6 kb and encodes a protein of 718 amino acids. Protein domain analysis reveals six tandem repeats (Kelch repeats) at the C-terminus and a POZ/BTB protein-binding domain toward the N-terminus, characteristic of Drosophila Kelch and other family members. KLHL4 consists of 11 exons spanning a genomic interval of approximately 150 kb. From EST sequences and RT-PCR analysis, there is evidence for the use of alternative 3' UTRs. The mRNA is expressed in a range of fetal tissues including tongue, palate, and mandible. Mutational analysis in affected CPX patients revealed one sequence alteration that was most likely to be a silent polymorphism.