Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of a Drying Equipment Moringa Leaf with Utilizing Temperature Air Conditioning Condenser

This study conducted to get drying equipment a moringa leaf using air temperature from an air conditioning condenser. The first steps taken were collecting research literature, formulating problems, and design a drying equipment moringa leaf (moringa oleifera) using air temperature from an air conditioning condenser. Drying equipment tool made from plywood, wood, aluminum foil, styrofoam, and pipe channel to drying equipment. It works by utilizing air from the air conditioning condenser which is channeled through a pipe channel to drying equipment. The test was carried with modification intake channel to drying equipment without suction fan and using suction fan. Data collection is carried out every 30 minutes for 7 hours which starting from 10.00 AM to 05.00 PM. A sample of 800 grams of wet moringa leaf was placed on each drying rack. The result study without suction fan in the drying equipment show average temperature air from the condenser of 31.17 °C, average humidity of 68.8%, and a reduction in water content of moringa leaf of 35.5%. Meanwhile, the test using an air suction fan in the drying equipment was average temperature air from the condenser 34.10 °C, average humidity was 62.30% and the reduction in water content of moringa leaf was 40.8%. The drying rate of moringa leaf in the test using an exhaust fan is 0.0138 kg/hour, while the drying rate of moringa leaf in the test without using an exhaust fan is 0.01 kg/hour.
Effects of Alien Organisms on Growth of Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio Cultivated in Earthen Ponds

The experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station- Aquaculture Unit- Agriculture College- Basrah University in six earthen ponds (600 m3). The stady inclouding of alien organizms effect on growth of common carp Cyprinus carpio. Using an agricultural shadow as a filtering fabric was put in inlets pipes (T1), while T2 without filters. Fishes was daily feeding by a commercial sinking pellets manufactured by Agricultural Consultant Office belonging to Agriculture College, With a ratio of 3% from fishes weight. Total length and weight of fishes were measured at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The weight of subsamples for fishes were taken periodically and daily feed changed after each weighing. At the end of the experiment the alien organism in all ponds were collected, classified and weighed individualy except shrimp. Results of current experiment revealed that there were significant differences (P≤0.0.5) in final weigh, wight increment, daily growth rate and feed conversion rate between fishes reared in ponds with and without filter. These differences may be related to differences in numbers and weighs of alien organisms in these ponds (97 individuals of six fish species in ponds without filter comparing with two individuals of one fish species in ponds with filter, and also 16314 g of shrimp in ponds without filter comparing with 440 g in ponds with filter). From the results of the current experiment, it can be concluded that culturist must used filters in inlet pipes of their ponds to prevent or reduced the entering of alien organizms to these ponds.
MAVEN measured oxygen and hydrogen pickup ions: Probing the Martian exosphere and neutral escape

Soon after the MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN) spacecraft started orbiting Mars, the SEP (Solar Energetic Particle), SWIA (Solar Wind Ion Analyzer), and STATIC (Supra‐Thermal and Thermal Ion Composition) instruments on board the spacecraft detected planetary pickup ions. SEP can measure energetic (>60 keV) oxygen pickup ions, the source of which is the extended hot oxygen exosphere of Mars. Model results show that these pickup ions originate from tens of Martian radii upstream of Mars and are energized by the solar wind motional electric field as they gyrate back toward Mars. SWIA and STATIC can detect both pickup oxygen and pickup hydrogen with energies below ~30 keV and created closer to Mars. In this study, data from the SEP, SWIA, and STATIC instruments containing pickup ion signatures are provided and model‐data comparisons are shown. During the times when MAVEN is outside the Martian bow shock and in the upstream undisturbed solar wind, the solar wind velocity measured by SWIA and the solar wind (or interplanetary) magnetic field measured by the MAG (magnetometer) instrument can be used to model pickup oxygen and hydrogen fluxes. By comparing measured pickup ion fluxes with model results, the Martian thermal hydrogen and hot oxygen neutral densities can be probed outside the bow shock, providing a helpful tool in constraining estimates of neutral oxygen and hydrogen escape rates. Our analysis reveals an order of magnitude density change with Mars season in the hydrogen exosphere, whereas the hot oxygen exosphere was found to remain steadier.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Personalized Gamification in Enhancing Student Intrinsic Motivation: an Experimental Study in Real Context

Gamification in education has been used to increase student engagement. However, there are concerns about potential negative effects, such as decreased intrinsic motivation and performance. To address these limitations, personalized gamification has emerged as a research focus. It aims to tailor game elements to individual preferences, but its effectiveness compared to a standardized approach is still uncertain. One aspect of personalization that has been underexplored is the visual appearance of game elements. To explore that aspect, we conducted an 4-week experimental study to evaluate gamification personalized through visual appearance in a real lesson context. We focused on the Acknowledgment game element, which is the most used in the literature, and compared students’ learning experiences based on personalized and non-personalized badges. The study presents evidence of the effectiveness of personalizing gamification’s visual appearance in real educational settings, unlike past research that is focused on changing the game elements available. Thus, we reveal the potential of personalizing game elements’ looks to enhance learning experiences.
The Rise of Body-Worn Camera Programs in Canada and the United States: An Extension of the Surveillant Assemblage

This thesis examines the extent to which body-worn cameras programs in Canada and the U.S. befit the notion of counter-law. The research is theoretically based on Ericson’s (2007a) framework of counter-law and the surveillant assemblage. The results indicate that body-worn camera programs can be considered an extension of the existing surveillant assemblage. In the U.S., numerous legislative amendments exempted body-worn cameras from certain legal requirements and thus facilitated their integration into existing surveillance networks. In Canada, legal amendments were not enacted through counter-law; nevertheless, the broadness and inconsistency of existing legislation allowed body-worn camera programs to become part of the surveillant assemblage. This thesis also contributes to refinements of counter-law I and the surveillant assemblage by analyzing variations in how these concepts apply to localized contexts of uncertainty.
EFFECT OF SiO2 AND ZnO NANOPARTICLES TO INCREASE REFRIGERATION MACHINE PERFORMANCE

In this investigation, the impact of silicon dioxide (SiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on the performance of a refrigeration machine system was systematically examined. The focus was on evaluating the coefficient of performance (COP) concerning the utilization of a polyolester (POE) lubricant, R600a refrigerant, and distinct nanoparticles (SiO2 and ZnO) within the refrigeration system. The nanoparticles were individually introduced into the R600a refrigerant in masses of 0.5 g, 1.0 g, and 1.5 g. The experimental outcomes demonstrated a noteworthy enhancement in COP with the addition of nanoparticles. Specifically, the introduction of 1.5 g of SiO2 resulted in a substantial increase of 25.88% in COP, marking it as the most influential dosage. Similarly, the addition of 1.0 g of ZnO led to a significant COP increase of 13.6%, representing the optimal quantity for ZnO. Furthermore, the inclusion of 1.5 g of SiO2 brought about a remarkable reduction in energy consumption, with a decrease of 25.58%, while 1.5 g of ZnO resulted in a notable 16.28% decrease in energy consumption. The experimental configuration involved the use of 20 g of refrigerant and 500 ml of POE lubricant. Comparative analysis demonstrated that the refrigeration system incorporating nanoparticles outperformed the conventional R600a refrigeration system devoid of nanoparticles. This study contributes valuable insights into the potential enhancements in refrigeration system efficiency through the strategic incorporation of SiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles, offering a promising avenue for optimizing the performance of refrigeration technology.
Approach to Determination a Structure – Antioxidant Activity Relationship of Selected Common Terpenoids Evaluated by ABTS•+ Radical Cation Assay

Data available in the literature indicated various biological activities of terpenes. One of the most frequently investigated activities is the ability to scavenge free radicals. To date, studies based on the DPPH• method indicated conjugated double bonds as moieties responsible for antioxidant activity of selected terpenes. In order to verify this theory, studies based on 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+) were performed. The spectrophotometric investigations explicitly revealed relatively high antioxidant activity of terpenes possessing conjugated double bonds in comparison with substances without this structural element. It has been shown that the chain-breaking antioxidant activity of terpenes strictly depends on π bonds. TEAC values and percentage scavenging of the free radicals revealed that the most promising antioxidants are α-terpinene, ocimene, pulegone and farnesene. In order to explain the reaction between terpenes and ABTS•+ free radical cation, a possible antioxidant mechanism has been proposed.
Modeling P-Rg conversions from isolated topographic features near the NORESS array

Using the T-matrix, or extended boundary condition, method, we model seismic-wave scattering from earth models with one-dimensional (1D) isolated topographic features. The earth model is simple, but we are primarily interested in free surface interactions. Scattering phenomena encountered in this model would presumably also operate in more realistic two-dimensional (2D) models. This study is motivated by observations suggesting that surface topography generates coda waves, which are relatively large-amplitude arrivals following major seismic phases. For sinusoidal periodic surfaces, large-amplitude anomalies in the surface displacement spectrum correspond to P-to-Rayleigh (P-Rg), S-to-Rayleigh (S-Rg), and other mode conversions. For isolated topographic features, these conversions still exist. We modeled teleseismic P-Rg conversions from isolated hills in order to understand and confirm the origin of observed conversions near the NORESS array. Parameter studies indicate that P-Rg and critical P-P conversion amplitudes increase roughly-linearly with scatterer relief, but are insensitive to changes in teleseismic ray parameter. Forward-scattered Rg waves are always two to three times larger than backscattered Rg waves. Poor fits to the observed P-Rg amplitudes (relative to the incident P waves) suggest that more realistic and complicated structure effects must be included. For example, it is well known that P-wave amplitudes vary considerably across the NORSAR array due to subsurface structures.
The Role of Salivary Biomarkers in Monitoring Oral Health in Patients with Implants and Periodontitis

Oxidative stress, a physiological process that can damage cells, is known to affect various aspects of oral health. Oxidative stress can influence dental implant longevity and health. Assessing biomarkers of oxidative stress in saliva is beneficial for diagnosing and tracking the progression of oral diseases. A study is made of salivary oxidative stress in patients with dental implants with or without periodontitis. The study consisted of the following groups: Group1 (healthy without dental implants); Group 2 (subjects undergoing periodontal maintenance without dental implants); Group 3 (healthy patients with implants older than six months); and Group 4 (patients undergoing periodontal maintenance with implants older than six months). A complete examination of the oral cavity was made in each patient and a questionnaire was used to assess habits of hygiene, quality of life, and information about the implants. The following parameters were recorded in unstimulated whole saliva: ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and total proteins (TP). A total of 160 patients were studied, with 40 patients per group. The mean oxidative stress biomarker values obtained in the patients without implants and with implants were FRAP 0.590 ± 0.514 and 0.588 ± 0.334 mmol/L (p = 0.974); TEAC 0.320 ± 0.223 and 0.315 ± 0.172 mmol/L (p = 0.879); CUPRAC 0.286 ± 0.216 and 0.288 ± 0.151 mmol/L (p = 0.956); AOPP 456.04 ± 789.75 and 430.65 ± 752.05 µmol/L (p = 0.838); and TP 73.90 ± 50.83 and 70.36 ± 56.93 mg/dL (p = 0.684), respectively. No substantial variations were noted in the salivary oxidative stress biomarker levels between patients with controlled periodontal disease and/or dental implants compared to healthy individuals.
Development and characterization of graphene-enhanced thermal conductive adhesives

According to Moore's Laws, complexity and power densities of electronic devices are increased during the last decades, moreover their dimensions are shrinking to nanometers causing hot-spot temperature escalation. Thermal management, therefore, becomes a critical issue for next generation of electronics. This scenario motivates development of novel thermal conductive adhesive (TCA) with enhanced thermal conductivity. Conventional TCAs use polymers as the matrix (base material) and utilize large loading weight fraction of the filler, usually silver particles, to achieve the thermal conductivity of 1-4 W/ m K at room temperature [1]. Lately it was discovered that graphene exhibit superior thermal conductivity [2] even when they are incorporated with matrix materials [3], which offers a potential to develop high thermal conductive graphene-filled compound. In this paper, a new functionalized graphene and its filled TCA have been developed and characterized. Starting from pristine graphite flakes, graphene was prepared through chemical exfoliation and functionalized with a nano silver layer to form a special metal/graphene hybrid material. Moreover, an efficient method to uniformly disperse the nano-scaled graphene hybrid material in silver-epoxy matrix was developed. Cross-section view of SEM has shown a homogeneous component structure, and TGA analysis of hybrid material is given. The developed compound is based on a commercial TCA which is composed with epoxy matrix and micro-sized Ag flakes. Thermal characterization through Laser-flash equipment has indicated that a significant thermal conductivity improvement was achieved through adding functionalized graphene into the material. Different TCA samples with different weight percentages of functionalized graphene ranging from 0 % (reference) to 11.5 % were prepared and tested to study thermal conductivity change. Data show that a thermal conductivity value of 7.6 W/ m K is reached when the graphene/silver percentage is 11.5 % that is almost 4 times higher than our reference.
Fertilization- and Irrigation-Modified Bacterial Community Composition and Stimulated Enzyme Activity of Eucalyptus Plantations Soil

Irrigation and fertilization are essential management practices for increasing forest productivity. They also impact the soil ecosystem and the microbial population. In order to examine the soil bacterial community composition and structure in response to irrigation and fertilization in a Eucalyptus plantations, a total of 20 soil samples collected from Eucalyptus plantations were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. Experimental treatments consisting of control (CK, no irrigation or fertilization), fertilization only (F), irrigation only (W), and irrigation and fertilization (WF). The results showed a positive correlation between soil enzyme activities (urease, cellulase, and chitinase) and fertilization treatments. These enzyme activities were also significantly correlated with the diversity of soil bacterial communities in Eucalyptus plantations. Bacteria diversity was considerably increased under irrigation and fertilization (W, F, and WF) treatments when compared with the CK treatment. Additionally, the soil bacterial richness was increased in the Eucalyptus plantations soil under irrigation (W and WF) treatments. The Acidobacteria (38.92–47.9%), Proteobacteria (20.50–28.30%), and Chloroflexi (13.88–15.55%) were the predominant phyla found in the Eucalyptus plantations soil. Specifically, compared to the CK treatment, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was considerably higher under the W, F, and WF treatments, while the relative abundance of Acidobacteria was considerably lower. The contents of total phosphorus, accessible potassium, and organic carbon in the soil were all positively associated with fertilization and irrigation treatments. Under the WF treatment, the abundance of bacteria associated with nitrogen and carbon metabolisms, enzyme activity, and soil nutrient contents showed an increase, indicating the positive impact of irrigation and fertilization on Eucalyptus plantations production. Collectively, these findings provide the scientific and managerial bases for improving the productivity of Eucalyptus plantations.
A Systematic Review of Human Activity Recognition Based On Mobile Devices: Overview, Progress and Trends

—Due to the ever-growing powers in sensing, computing, communicating and storing, mobile devices (e.g., smart-phone, smartwatch, smart glasses) become ubiquitous and an indispensable part of people’s daily life. Until now, mobile devices have been adopted in many applications, e.g., exercise assessment, daily life monitoring, human-computer interactions, user authentication, etc. Among the various applications, Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is the core technology behind them. Speciﬁcally, HAR gets the sensor data corresponding to human activities based on the built-in sensors of mobile devices, and then adopts suitable recognition approaches to infer the type of activity based on sensor data. The last two decades have witnessed the ever-increasing research in HAR. However, new challenges and opportunities are emerging, especially for HAR based on mobile devices . Therefore, in this paper, we review the research of HAR based on mobile devices, aiming to advance the following research in this area. Firstly, we give an overview of HAR based on mobile devices, including the general rationales, main components and challenges. Secondly, we review and analyze the research progress of HAR based on mobile devices from each main aspect, including human activities, sensor data, data preprocessing, recognition approaches, evaluation standards and application cases. Finally, we present some promising trends in HAR based on mobile devices for future research.
Twenty questions from the surgeon to the radiologist to better plan an open partial horizontal laryngectomy

Open partial horizontal laryngectomies (OPHLs) represent a valuable therapeutic option for tumors of the intermediate T-category and, in selected cases, for locally advanced tumors with low-volume extra-laryngeal extension. The eligibility of patients treated with this type of surgery has increased with the introduction of the modular approach to OPHL planning. This strategy follows the introduction of the classification proposed by the European Laryngological Society, based on the extent of horizontal resection. Optimization of the selection is the result of a meticulous work-up process involving close cooperation between experienced surgeons and radiologists, followed by final quality control by pathologists. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are study methods whose pearls and pitfalls are well known, especially when performed at a high level of expertise. In this paper, based on the experience of two high-volume centers, a checklist of 20 questions addressed by the surgeon to the radiologist before planning an OPHL was proposed. Considerations regarding case selection are reported for each of the questioned parameters. A very simple question-and-answer process is easy to understand and mainly addressed by less experienced colleagues who wish to increase their knowledge and skills in performing this type of surgery.
Linking patterns of freshwater discharge and sources of organic matter within the Río de la Plata estuary and adjacent marshes

We investigated carbon isotopic ratios (δ13C) v. carbon to nitrogen (C : N) ratios for surface sediments throughout a large estuarine system (Rio de la Plata, RdlP), combined with sediment cores from adjacent marshes to infer main carbon sources. We also evaluated the influence of the El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and associated high freshwater-discharge events on the organic-matter transport within the estuary. The isotopic pattern in surface sediments of the RdlP showed the upper reaches to be influenced by riverine particulate matter (δ13C range: –24 to –26‰). Similarly, in the sediment cores from marshes of the upper reaches, δ13C values decreased from –24‰ in ancient sediments to –28‰ in recent sediments, reflecting an increased contribution of organic matter from land, including C3 plants and freshwater phytoplankton, during the past 50 years. However, the lower reaches represent a depositional environment of marine algae (δ13C range: –21 to –23‰), with no influence of detritus from adjacent marshes, indicating minor erosion of the marshes in the lower reaches operating as carbon-sink habitats. Our isotopic analysis showed that the transport and deposition of terrigenous organic matter within the RdlP and adjacent marsh habitat appear to be both temporally and spatially linked to hydrology patterns.