Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PRI: Privacy Preserving Inspection of Encrypted Network Traffic

Traffic inspection is a fundamental building block of many security solutions today. For example, to prevent the leakage or exfiltration of confidential insider information, as well as to block malicious traffic from entering the network, most enterprises today operate intrusion detection and prevention systems that inspect traffic. However, the state-of-the-art inspection systems do not reflect well the interests of the different involved autonomous roles. For example, employees in an enterprise, or a company outsourcing its network management to a specialized third party, may require that their traffic remains confidential, even from the system administrator. Moreover, the rules used by the intrusion detection system, or more generally the configuration of an online or offline anomaly detection engine, may be provided by a third party, e.g., a security research firm, and can hence constitute a critical business asset which should be kept confidential. Today, it is often believed that accounting for these additional requirements is impossible, as they contradict efficiency and effectiveness. We in this paper explore a novel approach, called Privacy Preserving Inspection (PRI), which provides a solution to this problem, by preserving privacy of traffic inspection and confidentiality of inspection rules and configurations, and e.g., also supports the flexible installation of additional Data Leak Prevention (DLP) rules specific to the company.
Characterization of Reticulate Networks Based on the Coalescent with Recombination

Phylogenetic networks aim to represent the evolutionary history of taxa. Within these, reticulate networks are explicitly able to accommodate evolutionary events like recombination, hybridization, or lateral gene transfer. Although several metrics exist to compare phylogenetic networks, they make several assumptions regarding the nature of the networks that are not likely to be fulfilled by the evolutionary process. In order to characterize the potential disagreement between the algorithms and the biology, we have used the coalescent with recombination to build the type of networks produced by reticulate evolution and classified them as regular, tree sibling, tree child, or galled trees. We show that, as expected, the complexity of these reticulate networks is a function of the population recombination rate. At small recombination rates, most of the networks produced are already more complex than regular or tree sibling networks, whereas with moderate and large recombination rates, no network fit into any of the standard classes. We conclude that new metrics still need to be devised in order to properly compare two phylogenetic networks that have arisen from reticulating evolutionary process.
Joint frequency and channel estimation for MIMO-OFDM systems via the EM algorithm

In this paper, we consider a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system operating over unknown frequency-selective fading channels. Joint maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation of carrier frequency offset (CFO) and MIMO channel coefficients is prohibitively complex for practical purposes. To overcome this difficulty, we resort to the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm and propose a novel scheme for joint ML estimation of CFO and channel parameters which is suitable for practical applications. Moreover, the Cramer-Rao bounds (CRB) for both CFO and channel estimators are developed. Computer simulations show that the proposed algorithm achieves almost ideal performance compared with the CRB for both channel and frequency offset estimations.
Comparing Czech and Russian valency on the material of VALLEX

In this study we have compared Czech and Russian valency frames based on monolingual and bilingual data. We assume that Czech and Russian are close enough to have, for the majority of their verbs, similar valency structures . We have exploited Vallex as a source of valency frames and have used a Czech-Russian dictionary to automatically translate Czech verbs into Russian. Afterwards, we have manually checked whether the Czech frame fits the Russian verb and, in case it was different, we have added the verb to the set that will be described in our paper. We suggest that there is a connection between the semantic class of some verbs and the type of difference between their Czech and Russian valency frames.
Efficient integration of multi-hop wireless and wired networks with QoS constraints

This work considers the problem of designing an efficient and low-cost infrastructure for connecting static multi-hop wireless networks with wired backbone, while ensuring QoS requirements such as bandwidth and delay. This infrastructure is useful for designing low cost and fast deployed access networks in rural and suburban areas. It may also be used for providing access to sensor networks or for efficient facility placement in wireless networks. In these networks some nodes are chosen as access points and function as gateways to access a wired backbone. Each access point serves a cluster of its nearby user and a spanning tree rooted at the access point is used for message delivery. The work addresses both the design optimization and the operation aspects of the system. From the design perspective, we seek for a partition of the network nodes into minimal number of disjoint clusters that satisfy multiple constraints; Each cluster is required to be a connected graph with an upper bound on its radius. We assume that each node has a weight (representing its bandwidth requirement) and the total weight of all cluster nodes is also bounded. We show that these clustering requirements can be formulated as an instance of the Capacitated Facility Location problem (CFLP) with additional constraints. By breaking the problem into two sub-problems and solving each one separately, we propose polynomial time approximation algorithms that calculate solutions within a constant factor of the optimal ones. From the operation viewpoint, we introduce an adaptive delivery mechanism that maximizes the throughput of each cluster without violating the QoS constraints.
Empowering the creative user: personalized HTTP-based adaptive streaming of multi-path nonlinear video

This paper presents the design, implementation, and validation of a novel system that supports streaming and playout of personalized, multi-path, nonlinear video. In contrast to regular video, in which the file content is played sequentially, our design allows multiple nonlinear video sequences of the underlying (linear) video to be stitched together and played in any personalized order, and clients can be provided multiple path choices. The design combines the ideas of HTTP-based adaptive streaming (HAS) and multi-path nonlinear video. Personalization of the content is achieved with the use of a customized metafile, which is downloaded separately from the underlying media and the manifest file that defines the HAS structure. An extension to the user interface allows path choices to be presented to and made by the user. Novel buffer management and prefetching policies are used to ensure seamless uninterrupted playback regardless of client path choices, even under scenarios in which clients defer their choices until the last possible moment. Our solution allows creative home users to easily create their own multi-path nonlinear video, opening the door to an endless possibility of new opportunities and media forms.
Alternative Endogenous Protein Processing via an Autophagy-Dependent Pathway Compensates for Yersinia-Mediated Inhibition of Endosomal Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Antigen Presentation

ABSTRACT Extracellular Yersinia pseudotuberculosis employs a type III secretion system (T3SS) for translocating virulence factors (Yersinia outer proteins [Yops]) directly into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. Recently, we used YopE as a carrier molecule for T3SS-dependent secretion and translocation of listeriolysin O (LLO) from Listeria monocytogenes. We demonstrated that translocation of chimeric YopE/LLO into the cytosol of macrophages by Yersinia results in the induction of a codominant antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell response in orally immunized mice. In this study, we addressed the requirements for processing and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II presentation of chimeric YopE proteins translocated into the cytosol of macrophages by the Yersinia T3SS. Our data demonstrate the ability of Yersinia to counteract exogenous MHC class II antigen presentation of secreted hybrid YopE by the action of wild-type YopE and YopH. In the absence of exogenous MHC class II antigen presentation, an alternative pathway was identified for YopE fusion proteins originating in the cytosol. This endogenous antigen-processing pathway was sensitive to inhibitors of phagolysosomal acidification and macroautophagy, but it did not require the function either of the proteasome or of transporters associated with antigen processing. Thus, by an autophagy-dependent mechanism, macrophages are able to compensate for the YopE/YopH-mediated inhibition of the endosomal MHC class II antigen presentation pathway for exogenous antigens. This is the first report demonstrating that autophagy might enable the host to mount an MHC class II-restricted CD4 T-cell response against translocated bacterial virulence factors. We provide critical new insights into the interaction between the mammalian immune system and a human pathogen.
Flexural & Impact Properties of PLA/Kenaf Fibers Bio-Composites

Polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced kenaf fibres composites were fabricated using melt compounding and compression moulding. Kenaf bast and core fibres had undergone chemi-mechanical treatment before use. The mechanical properties of kenaf bast composites (KBC) and kenaf core composites (KCC) were studied by performing flexural and impact testing. KBC and KCC treated with 1.0M acid treatment at 60 rpm speed shows highest flexural and impact properties. The fibre surface treatment had an efficient effect on the flexural strength at 1.0M concentration, with improvement of approximately 27% of strength.
A Visual Approach to Browsing in a Database Environment

The operations of structuring, filtering, panning, and zooming can be used to browse the contents of a database. Avisual approach to browsing in a database environment is one way for users to access database contents easily and conveniently. People relate better to visual representations of the logical database than to other representations. Users perform four basic operations when browsing a database: structuring, choosing a structure of the objects to be examined; filtering, selecting instances of the objects to be examined; panning, examining neighboring object instances; and zooming, determining the level of detail for examining object instances. My approach consists of four very flexible steps corresponding to each of the four basic operations. Each step uses visual representations to present information to the users. By manipulating these visual representations, users can structure, filter, pan, and zoom. Users may revise decisions and choices made during any of the four steps. Most database management systems require users to formulate a complex specification describing the data that they wish to access. In order to do this, they must be familiar with the logical structure of the database; they must know the names of the types of objects to be accessed and how these objects are related. They must also be able to specify which occurrences ofthe objects are to be accessed by describing the criteria accessed occurrences must satisfy. This is difficult for many users because of their unfamiliarity with the syntax used to formulate requests, or because they have only a vague notion of what data they desire to access. Users who have only a vague notion of the data to be accessed need to browse through the database. By browsing through the bookshelves of a library, it may be possible to locate one or more books of interest. By browsing through the pages of these books (perhaps making use of indices and tables of contents) readers may be able to locate the desired information that they could not previously characterize or describe. Database users have a similar need to browse through information in a database. A technique is needed for users of database management systems to locate information without having to specify an exact description of the information or where it is stored in the database. Such a technique is useful when users initially have only a vague idea of what they desire, but feel confident that they will recognize the desired information when they see it.
Enhanced Mitigation of Pipeline Biocorrosion Using A Mixture of D-Amino Acids with A Biocide

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is more prevalent nowadays because of aging infrastructures. Biofilms are the culprits of MIC in oil and gas pipelines. An effective, environmental friendly, and economical approach is highly desired. D-amino acids can trigger biofilm disassembly (Kolodkin-Gal et al., 2010). It has been reported that D-methionine and D-tyrosine can enhance tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS), a popular green biocide, against the Desulfovibrio vulgaris (a sulfate reducing bacterium) biofilm (Xu et al., 2012 and 2013).
Towards automatic detection and visualization of tissues in medical volume rendering

The technique of volume rendering can be a powerful tool when visualizing 3D medical data sets. Its characteristic of capturing 3D internal structures within a 2D rendered image makes it attractive in the analysis. However, the applications that implement this technique fail to reach out to most of the supposed end-users at the clinics and radiology departments of today. This is primarily due to problems centered on the design of the Transfer Function (TF), the tool that makes tissues visually appear in the rendered image. The interaction with the TF is too complex for a supposed end-user and its capability of separating tissues is often insufficient. This thesis presents methods for detecting the regions in the image volume where tissues are contained. The tissues that are of interest can furthermore be identified among these regions. This processing and classification is possible thanks to the use of a priori knowledge, i.e. what is known about the data set and its domain in advance. The identified regions can finally be visualized using tissue adapted TFs that can create cleaner renderings of tissues where a normal TF would fail to separate them. In addition an intuitive user control is presented that allows the user to easily interact with the detection and the visualization.
Multiscale mechanics of delamination in stretchable electronics

This chapter unravels an intrinsic shortcoming of several cohesive zone models, whereby commonly adopted traction-separation laws do not necessarily satisfy rotational equilibrium at the cohesive element level. The necessary condition to ensure rotational equilibrium is derived. To demonstrate the error that is caused by the lack of rotational equilibrium, examples for three traction-separation laws are shown, for both homogeneous and inhomogeneous deformation. For a large range of values of the critical opening length the error scales almost linearly with this critical opening length. For large critical opening length the error may even become significant, requiring the use of a traction-separation law that satisfies the condition for rotational equilibrium.
Triple- and Quadruple-Mode Wideband Bandpass Filter Using Simple Perturbation in Single Metal Cavity

This paper proposes a novel class of wideband metal cavity multiple-mode bandpass filters (BPFs), consisting of a triple-mode filter and a quadruple-mode filter. Two TE11 degeneration modes in a single metal cavity are excited by using an off-centered approach instead of a traditional corner-cut approach. They work together with the TM10 mode to constitute a three-pole wide passband with a fractional bandwidth of 30% at the central frequency of 3.2 GHz. Moreover, an off-centered metal cylinder can properly excite an extra TM11 mode in the passband. As such, this TM11 mode, TM10 mode, and a pair of degeneration TE11 modes can be simultaneously utilized to form a quadruple-mode BPF. Compared with the triple-mode BPF, the quadruple-mode BPF has better performance in term of the steepness of rejection skirt. The fractional bandwidth of this BPF can achieve up to 31%. In final, the two proposed BPFs are fabricated by using the silver plated aluminum technology. Measured S-parameter frequency response and group delay have satisfactorily matched with the simulated results.
Multistatic Adaptive Microwave Imaging for Early Breast Cancer Detection

We propose a new multistatic adaptive microwave imaging (MAMI) method for early breast cancer detection. MAMI is a two-stage robust Capon beamforming (RCB) based image formation algorithm. MAMI exhibits higher resolution, lower sidelobes, and better noise and interference rejection capabilities than the existing approaches. The effectiveness of using MAMI for breast cancer detection is demonstrated via a simulated 3-D breast model and several numerical examples
Algorithms for Interactive Editing of Level Set Models

Level set models combine a low‐level volumetric representation, the mathematics of deformable implicit surfaces and powerful, robust numerical techniques to produce a novel approach to shape design. While these models offer many benefits, their large‐scale representation and numerical requirements create significant challenges when developing an interactive system. This paper describes the collection of techniques and algorithms (some new, some pre‐existing) needed to overcome these challenges and to create an interactive editing system for this new type of geometric model. We summarize the algorithms for producing level set input models and, more importantly, for localizing/minimizing computation during the editing process. These algorithms include distance calculations, scan conversion, closest point determination, fast marching methods, bounding box creation, fast and incremental mesh extraction, numerical integration and narrow band techniques. Together these algorithms provide the capabilities required for interactive editing of level set models.
Bilateral Hippocampal Volume Loss in Patients with a History of Encephalitis or Meningitis

Volumetric analysis of high‐quality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans identifies asymmetric hippocampal atrophy in most patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. However, bilateral hippocampal atrophy can be missed by unnormalized volume measures. We considered two patient groups with temporal lobe epilepsy, one with a history of febrile convulsions (FC, n = 14) and one with a history of encephalitis or meningitis (E/M, n = 12), to compare the prevalence of bilateral volume loss between the groups. A volume normalization process defines a normal range of hippocampal volumes in control subjects (n = 32). Normalized volumes indicated that 11 of 14 subjects with a history of FC had unilateral hippocampal atrophy and 9 of 12 subjects with a history of E/M had bilateral hippocampal atrophy as compared with the controls. Visual assessments of unilateral hippocampal atrophy (n = 17) correlated well with measured unilateral volume loss (n = 14), but visual assessment of bilateral hippocampal atrophy (n = 3) correlated poorly with measured bilateral volume loss (n = 12). Mean age at seizure onset was lower in the FC group (7 years) than in the E/M group (13 years), but other clinical features were similar between the two groups. Hippocampal volume normalization is necessary to detect bilateral volume loss, which is common in patients with a history of encephalitis or meningitis.
Socioeconomic Burden of Influenza in the Republic of Korea, 2007–2010

Background Although the socioeconomic burden of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) was considerable, no reliable estimates have been reported. Our aim was to compared medical costs and socioeconomic burden resulting from pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 with that of previous seasonal influenza. Methods We estimated the medical costs and socioeconomic burden of influenza from May 2007 to April 2010. We used representative national data sources(data from the Health Insurance Review Agency, the National Health Insurance Corporation, the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Korean National Statistics Office) including medical utilization, prescription of antivirals, and vaccination. Uncertainty of data was explored through sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulation. Results Compared with the seasonal influenza, total medical costs (US$291.7 million) associated with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 increased more than 37-fold. Compared with the 2007–2008 season, outpatient diagnostic costs (US$135.3 million) were 773 times higher in the 2009–2010 season, and the mean diagnostic cost per outpatient visit was 58.8 times higher. Total socioeconomic burden of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 was estimated at US$1581.3 million (10%–90%: US$1436.0–1808.3 million) and those of seasonal influenza was estimated at US$44.7 million (10%–90%: US$32.4–57.9 million) in 2007–2008 season and US$42.3 million (10%–90%: US$31.5–53.8 million) in 2008–2009 season. Indirect costs accounted for 56.0% of total costs in pandemic (H1N1) 2009, and 66.48–68.09% in seasonal influenza. The largest contributors to total burden were productivity losses of caregiver in pandemic (H1N1) 2009, and productivity losses due to morbidity of outpatient in seasonal influenza. Conclusions In the Republic of Korea, socioeconomic burden of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 were considerably higher than burden of the previous two influenza seasons, primarily because of high diagnostic costs and longer sick leave.
Frequency of single and combined genotypes of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 in Mexican individuals: a pilot study

Background: The Glutathione S-transferase is supergene family polymorphic involved in Phase II metabolism. Participate together in the detoxification of xenobiotics. There are few reports where these set of polymorphism of GSTs genes of the same individual are studied. These polymorphisms can be used as biomarkers for predicting disease risk or response to treatment. Objective: Determine the genotype set of each individual harbouring polymorphisms GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1 in healthy volunteers of Mexican origin. Methods: We studied 160 samples of healthy volunteers. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms were identified by multiplex end point PCR. The identification of GSTP1b (exon 5) and GSTP1c (exon 6) was performed separately by PCR-RFLP. Results: The frequency for the GSTM1 null was 47%; GSTT1 null 65%; GSTP1 exon 5 for heterozygotes (P1a/P1b) 51.9%, 35.6% in homozygotes (P1b/P1b) and exon 6 heterozygous 25.6% (P1a/ P1c). The most common genotypes set were, wild M1; null T1; a/b P1b; a/a P1c and wild M1; null T1; b/b P1b; a/a P1c, both with a frequency of 12.5%. The null M1; null T1; a/b P1b; a/a P1c frequency was 11.9%. The highest risk genotypes were 3.8% (null M1; null T1; a/b P1b, a/c P1c) and 2.5% (null M1; null T1; b/b P1b; a/c P1c). Conclusion: The frequencies show genotypes that can be considered high risk, indicating increased susceptibility to xenobiotics. These results are the first report of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 combined genotype in Mexican population.