Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Grounded Theory of the Policy Process for Sport and Tourism

This essay discusses the longitudinal grounded theory approach utilized by the author in a substantive study of policy responses to the sport-tourism link in the UK [1], which was developed into a more generalized formal theory in Weed and Bull [2]. The use of the grounded theory approach is explained and the adaptation of Layder's [3] ‘research map’ to organize the discussions of emergent policy issues is described. These discussions are structured around issues at the macro (context), meso (supra-setting, setting and situated activity) and micro (selves) levels. Emerging from these discussions is the identification of a range of tensions in the sport-tourism policy process, and the examination of the factors affecting liaison that underpin them. Finally, and in conclusion, a formal grounded theory model of the policy process for sport and tourism is presented, along with a discussion of its implication for future research and policy-making.
Optical heterodyne detection of pulsed ultrasonic pressures

An optical heterodyne interferometer was used for measuring short ultrasonic pulses in fluids. The optical phase shift of the probe beam, proportional to the acoustic pressure integrated along the light path, was demodulated quantitatively by electronic processing. The detection sensitivities of 10/sup -3/ (Pa/ square root Hz) in water and 10/sup -4/ (Pa/ square root Hz) in air were deduced. The experimental results obtained in water as well as in air show that this optical heterodyne technique offers a very sensitive way of measuring ultrasonic pressures in the low megahertz range even for very low pressures. <<ETX>>
Low delay QMF bank design using initial filter approach

Investigation have been carried out on he iterative method proposed by Wu-Sheng [11] to design an efficient QMF banks with approximately constant group delay. Simulations show that it is quite sensitive to the choice of the initial filter. A new and important benefit of manipulating the initial filter design of QMF banks is its ability to design QMF banks with low and approximately constant group delay. By using a linear minimum phase efficient method proposed by Ivan [4] as the initial filter, improvements in the most of design specification in [11] have been obtained. The constraint of the transition band is added in the initial condition. Computer simulation shows that the proposed approach produce better results than those reported previously. However, the proposed approach requires more computational efficiency compared with existing methods.
Minimum time intervals for serial measurements of growth in recumbent length or stature of individual children

A method is presented to estimate minimum time intervals for meaningful measurements of growth in recumbent length or stature on individual children. These intervals are based on the statistical features of growth, and consider the reliability of measurement, expected rates of growth, and variation in attained length or stature. Because of the assumptions used, the intervals should be considered as minima, except in some predictable cases. During the prepubescent period there are no differences in minimum intervals calculated for boys and girls. The intervals are shortest during the rapid growth attending infancy, and increase to 0.39 y (4.7 mo) at 8 y of age in boys and girls, and to 0.43 y (5.2 mo) at 10 y of age in boys. A reference curve of minimum intervals for length and stature during the prepubescent period is presented with an equation for more precise estimation of measurement intervals. To accommodate the pubescent growth spurt and its normal variation in timing, 0.5 y is recommended as the minimum interval during pubescence when the maturational timing of the child is unknown. These minimum measurement intervals should be appropriate for almost all individual children when growth in recumbent length or stature is measured serially.
Development of Alicyclic Polymers for Multimode Waveguide Array and its Characteristics for Use in Optical Interconnection

We have carried out elemental research and development regarding optical transmission technology to establish the petaFLOPS - (1015 floating point number operations per second) class supercomputer. We describe our development of an alicyclic polymer, waveguide arrays formed with the polymer, and their characteristics for multimode optical data transmission. We have also developed high-density optoelectronic modules with a 4.5times4. 5times0.5-mm low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) substrate that transmits 12 signals, and demonstrated a 10-Gbps/ch error-free transmission with the polymeric-waveguide array. We also showed a 20-Gbps/ch optical eye as a transmitter with a 1.1-mum range InGaAs vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL).
Stereoscopic Modeling of Building Rooftop from IKONOS Satellite Image Data

This paper presents a novel approach for the generation of 3D building model from IKONOS satellite image data. The main idea of 3D modeling is based on the grouping of 3D line segments. The divergence-based centroid neural network is employed in the grouping process. Prior to the grouping process, 3D line segments are extracted with the aid of the elevation information obtained by using area-based stereo matching of satellite image data. High-resolution IKONOS stereo images are utilized for the experiments. The experimental result proved the applicability and efficiency of the approach in dealing with 3D building modeling from high-resolution satellite imagery.
The Motivation and Social Orientation of Visitors Attending a Contemporary Zoological Park

Zoological parks are considered to be the most important source of contact between people and animals in modern society. Charged with the dual responsibility of caring for animals and people, zoos need information regarding both aspects of their mission statement. This article describes zoo visitors in relation to their primary motivation (educational vs. recreational) and social orientation (intrinsic vs. altruistic). These components were isolated and compared using t tests for dependent measures. Educational, recreational, intrinsic, and altruistic reasons were found to be statistically significant, thus yielding multiple satisfactions associated with a zoological park. Contemporary zoos may not recognize the value of conducting social research or the importance of meeting visitors’ needs. However, in order to broaden their base of political and financial support, zoos should attempt to increase public benefits.
Primed to Fight

Ample empirical evidence suggests that there exist structural differences between groups of states in terms of conflict involvement rates. A small group of states accounts for most conflicts and wars in international politics. Another group of states managed to avoid conflict involvement for most of their history. These results are not surprising; they match the expectations of both experts and laypersons regarding the future of conflict in international politics. This study offers two tentative explanations for these structural patterns of conflict proneness and pacifism. Both explanations view these differential rates of conflict involvement as a result of a national selection process. The can syndrome suggests that certain states fight repeatedly because they view violent conflict as an efficient and effective instrument of policy. The must syndrome suggests that some states feel that conflict is their only way of dealing with a threatening international environment. I provide evidence supporting both explanations and discuss their implications for international politics.
Ca3 Fingerprinting of Candida albicans Bloodstream Isolates from the United States, Canada, South America, and Europe Reveals a European Clade

ABSTRACT It was previously demonstrated by a cluster analysis that 26 unrelated U.S. isolates of Candida albicans separated into three distinct groups (groups I, II, and III) while South African isolates separated into four distinct groups (groups I, II, III, and SA). To verify the absence or underrepresentation of SA isolates in North America, and to identify which groups are represented in Europe and South America, collections of bloodstream isolates from each geographical locale were analyzed by cluster analyses based on genetic fingerprinting with the Ca3 probe. The results verify that North America is almost devoid of SA isolates (2%). However, the results reveal a new clade, designated group E, relatively specific to Europe. While 26% of a European collection of 46 isolates was composed of group E isolates, only 2% of the 164 North American isolates, 5% of 22 South American isolates, and 1% of 361 South African isolates were composed of group E isolates. The North American collection proved to be the least-diverse collection in regard to group representation. In a comparison of collections from the Northeast, Midwest, and Southwest regions of the United States, Canada, and South America, it was demonstrated that both the U.S. Southwest and the South American collections were devoid of group II isolates. Together these results identify for the first time a European-specific clade and demonstrate clear distinctions in the representations of the five demonstrated clades (groups I, II, III, SA, and E) in different geographical locales.
Effect of vaginal douching and different semen extenders on bacterial load and fertility in turkeys

1. A study on artificial insemination of Beltsville Small White turkeys investigated the effect on bacterial load and fertility of vaginal douching with diluents containing Gentamicin 400 µg/ml and different semen extenders. 2. Irrespective of the extenders used, vaginal douching with Gentamicin reduced the microbial load of the vagina with resultant improvement in fertility and hatchability and corresponding reduction in embryonic mortality. 3. Eggs from hens inseminated with semen extended with Beltsville Poultry Semen Extender (BPSE) diluent along with vaginal douching showed a trend towards higher per cent fertility and per cent hatchability of total and fertile eggs set compared to other extenders, though this was non-significant.
Minimal residual disease analysis by eight-color flow cytometry in relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Multiparametric flow cytometry is an alternative approach to the polymerase chain reaction method for evaluating minimal residual disease in treatment protocols for primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Given considerable differences between primary and relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment regimens, flow cytometric assessment of minimal residual disease in relapsed leukemia requires an independent comprehensive investigation. In the present study we addressed evaluation of minimal residual disease by flow cytometry in the clinical trial for childhood relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia using eight-color flow cytometry. The major challenge of the study was to reliably identify low amounts of residual leukemic cells against the complex background of regeneration, characteristic of follow-up samples during relapse treatment. In a prospective study of 263 follow-up bone marrow samples from 122 patients with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia, we tested various B-cell markers, adapted the antibody panel to the treatment protocol, and evaluated its performance by a blinded parallel comparison with the polymerase chain reaction data. The resulting eight-color single-tube panel showed a consistently high overall concordance (P<0.001) and, under optimal conditions, sensitivity similar to that of the reference polymerase chain reaction method. Overall, evaluation of minimal residual disease by flow cytometry can be successfully integrated into the clinical management of relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia either as complementary to the polymerase chain reaction or as an independent risk stratification tool. ALL-REZ BFM 2002 clinical trial information: NCT00114348
Towards a Deterministic Fine-Grained Task Ordering Using Multi-Versioned Memory

Task-based programming models aim to simplify parallel programming. A runtime system schedules tasks to execute on cores. An essential component of this runtime is to track and manage dependencies between tasks. A typical approach is to rely on programmers to annotate tasks and data structures, essentially manually specifying the input and output of each task. As such, dependencies are associated with named program objects, making this approach problematic for pointer-based data structures. Furthermore, because the runtime system must track these dependencies, for efficient runtime performance the read and write sets should be kept small.We presume a memory system with architecturally visible support for multiple versions of data stored at the same program address. This paper proposes and evaluates a task-based execution model that uses this versioned memory system to deterministically parallelize sequential code. We have built a task-based runtime layer that uses this type of memory system for dependence tracking. We demonstrate the advantages of the proposed model by parallelizing pointer-heavy code, obtaining speedup of up to 19x on a 32-core system.
Investigation of pretreatment sentence production impairments in individuals with aphasia: towards understanding the linguistic variables that impact generalisation in Verb Network Strengthening Treatment

Background: Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeST) is an aphasia treatment that aims to promote generalisation to sentence production in untrained contexts, including connected speech. VNeST’s fundamental premise is that verbs and their thematic roles are interrelated and as such can be strengthened by systematic retrieval of thematic roles related to trained verbs. In a recent group study, the hypothesised effects of VNeST were observed in a small group of people with aphasia who showed increased lexical retrieval within single words, sentence production, and discourse. However, variable patterns of improvement were observed across participants. Aims: The purpose of the current study was to conduct a theoretically based analysis of pretreatment language abilities for each participant from a previous group study in order to characterise patterns of impairment and improvement. Pretreatment profiles were compared against posttreatment outcomes to provide insight into potential mechanisms of improvement within participants and to determine whether there are common or different mechanisms of improvement across participants. Methods & Procedures: Pretreatment and posttreatment results of 11 people with aphasia who received 35 hr of VNeST across 10 weeks were analysed. As the basis of our analysis, we drew from evidence of dissociations in grammatical class abilities, theories of thematic role production, and empirical evidence of discrete thematic role subprocesses to evaluate each person’s pretreatment ability to (1) produce nouns and verbs in single words and sentences, (2) specify correct predicate argument structure for sentences, and (3) assign thematic roles within a syntactic frame. Outcomes & Results: Our results suggest that persons with different pretreatment linguistic impairment patterns can and do exhibit generalisation to untrained sentence and discourse contexts. The common mechanism of improvement to all participants was increased lexical retrieval. Participants with relatively strong pretreatment sentence construction abilities integrated increased lexical retrieval into already well-formed sentences, including complex sentences, while participants with weaker sentence construction abilities better integrated lexical retrieval into simpler sentences, which may have also benefited from strengthened predicate argument specification. Analyses of cases where optimal generalisation was not achieved revealed a number of root causes, including persistent pronoun production, light verb usage, sentence construction difficulties, and reduced self-monitoring. Conclusion: Overall, VNeST is a highly generalising treatment, and our findings are fairly generalisable to a range of aphasia types and severities with differing impairment patterns.
The use of video tele-conferencing to train teachers to assess the challenging behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorders

4 In memory of Raymond Sr. Machalicek 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This journey was made easier by the knowledge that I shared my successes with my family each step of the way. My parents, who modeled an enviable work ethic and who supported me in my educational pursuits. I am especially thankful that my mother modeled resiliency, resourcefulness, and the pursuit of what one desires. And to my father, who taught me about honesty, tenacity, and the utility of having a good plan. Also, I must thank Matt for the most incredible conversations over coffee, and of course, his love over the years. I remain in awe of my advisor, Dr. Mark O' Reilly, from whom I have learned so much about doing research, writing, and teaching. His support and sound advice is greatly valued. I also extend my deepest appreciation to my dissertation committee, Dr. consider myself lucky to have worked with each of these respected scholars during my academic career. And last, but not least of all, I must thank my colleagues and friends for their contribution to this body of work and my happiness through the years. Mandy Rispoli, for her steady voice of reason and everyday optimism. Jeff Chan for his technical support and for socially organizing our group. Russ Lang, for his enthusiasm for new ideas and well-timed jokes. And Tonya Davis for her v 6 friendship through the entire doctoral program from start to finish. I could not have asked for a better group of people to work with and grow alongside. Educational legislation requires the implementation of a functional assessment for students with disabilities who engage in challenging behavior that could lead to a change in their educational placement can implement functional assessments with intensive instruction and performance feedback, yet this training can be difficult to carry out in educational settings with limited resources to provide such supervision. In the health care field, video tele-conferencing (VTC) is used to overcome specialist shortages and provide supervision. Such technology might be used to deliver training and performance vii 8 feedback to teachers learning to assess challenging behavior, but few studies have reported the use of VTC in educational settings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of performance feedback delivered via VTC on the acquisition and maintenance of functional analysis procedures by 6 teachers. Concurrent multiple baseline designs across teacher-student dyads with embedded multi-element …
SIMOO - An Environment for the Object-Oriented Discrete Simulation

This paper describes SIMOO, an object-oriented framework for discrete simulation. Simulation entities in SIMOO are mapped to autonomous elements, that are objects with their own thread. Objects communicate with each other through non-typed messages. SIMOO models are built using a graphical editor called MET. MET uses a hierarchical class diagram, enriched with specific features for simulation. For instance, it allows the specification of the simulation paradigm which is more adequate for each entity. Besides a hierarchical class diagram, instance diagrams are also described, where the generic specifications of class diagrams are particularized. From the specified diagrams and from the description of the entitiesO behavior, MET generates an executable model which uses a class simulation library.
A Look at Intel’s Dataplane Development Kit

The increased performance and cost-efficiency of modern multi-core architectures allows for packet processing implemented in software instead of using dedicated hardware. Such solutions provide large flexibility as features can be added at any time. The drawback of such systems are bottlenecks which appear during the processing of packets at line rate up to 10 Gbit/s. Hence, specialized high-speed packet processing frameworks are needed to use the full potential of commodity hardware. Different research groups have identified several limiting factors and proposed their own solutions by implementing custom drivers and kernel modules. We provide a survey-like introduction to three different frameworks: the Intel Dataplane Development Kit, netmap and PF RING DNA. To understand the required background of packet processing implemented in software, we explain the mechanisms of modern network adapters and network stacks by reference to Unix-based operating systems. In particular, we present and compare the different techniques that are used by those frameworks to make high-speed packet processing feasible.
The debate on fluid management and haemodynamic monitoring continues: between Scylla and Charybdis, or faith and evidence….

We are very excited to present to you this issue of “Anae­ sthe siology and Intensive Therapy” (AIT) containing the Proceedings of the Fourth International Fluid Academy Days (iFAD) with some excellent reviews from internationally renowned experts in their field! This 4th iFAD will deliver once more a compact two­day programme on clinical fluid management, a topic that has been neglected for a long time, and haemodynamic moni­ toring. Although the medical community clearly seems to understand the importance of looking at fluids beyond their role for mere haemodynamic stabilisation, we should treat fluids like any other drug we give to our patients [1, 2]. The side effects of fluids are without doubt more than relevant, and there is increasing evidence that the development of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis due to the use of unbal­ anced solutions is not as innocent as previously thought [3−5]. Langer et al. [6] nicely illustrate in their review on the effects of intravenous solutions on acid­base equilibrium that the knowledge of the composition of intravenous fluids, along with the application of simple physicochemical rules best described by Stewart’s approach, are pivotal steps to­ wards fully elucidating and predicting alterations of plasma acid­base equilibrium induced by fluid therapy [6]. Fluids have indications and contraindications and in­ deed potential side­effects, and as such the best fluid is probably the one that has not been given to the patient. As Paracelsus nicely put it, it is the dose that makes the poison, and no less is true when it comes to fluid management in the critically ill: it is all about the type of fluids, the dose, the timing, and the speed of administration. As a result, the International Fluid Academy (IFA, www.fluid­academy.org) was founded in 2011 to serve as a platform on which to gather experts in the field and to organise meetings, workshops and teaching courses. The IFA is part of iMERiT (the International Medical Education and Research Initiative, a non­profit organisation based in Belgium). The mission statement of the IFA is to foster education, promote research on fluid management and haemodynamic monitoring, and thereby improve survival of the critically ill by bringing together physicians, nurses, and others from throughout the world and from a variety of clinical disciplines.