Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhancement Performance of DSTATCOM depending on PV System Supply control

This article examines the impacts of a transient analysis of a compensator of static synchronous on a system of distribution power (DSTATCOM) on power quality when a PV system DC input source is utilised to supply the system. Due to the nature of these sources' operation, including renewable energy on the input power supply has a variety of ramifications for DSTATCOM's operation. In order to understand the variance in temporal response and its impact on the compensatory process, the dynamic response of the distribution system is investigated under the influence of both battery and PV system sources (PV-Battery). Renewable energy is connected across the dc-link capacitor channel to characterize their impact on the power system's dynamic performance. In this study, three scenarios were investigated: first, photovoltaic (PV) cells are connected solely via the dc-link, second, battery storage is connected solely, and third, a PV system structure (PV cells + battery storage) is explored. DSTATCOM is used to compensate for the reduction in reactive and active power that happens during balanced and unbalanced operation of non-linear loads. The presence of a renewable source enhances the system's power quality by reducing the current source's harmonic components. The Star / Delta transformer is also used to split the three-phase legs of the DSTATCOM VSC, providing a channel for the fundamental zero sequence and a balanced three-phase current. STATCOM control circuit based on synchronous reference frames (SRF).
Human performance in a multisource environment with a frequency‐banded minimum‐variance beamforming algorithm

The effectiveness of a newly developed signal‐processing algorithm to extract speech in the presence of multiple interferers was evaluated through intelligibility ratings from normal‐ and hearing‐impaired listeners. Sentences were presented with competing speech and multitalker babble (MTB) at four different SNRs to groups of individuals with sensorineural hearing loss and normal hearing. The sentences and competition had been processed through a real‐time, frequency‐banded minimum‐variance beamforming (FBMVB) algorithm in multitalker environments (Lockwood et al., 1999). Competing messages and MTB were simulated at +22 and +45 azimuths relative to the target source. Each target sentence with competing messages was submitted to the FBMVB algorithm to yield a set of 24 ‘‘processed’’ and 24 ‘‘unprocessed’’ sentences per SNR condition. Listeners rated the intelligibility (0%–100%) of the target sentences and repeated the last word of each sentence. Results from the ratings and the word recognition scores sho.
A note on identifiability of the regression parameter and validity of the partial likehood approach in general relativerisk regression

SUMMARY In this note we deal with the question of identifiability of the regression parameter in general relative risk regression. We show that, apart from the well understood kind of nonidentifiability, as usually occurs with regression, there is a second kind of nonidentifiability of the regression parameter which may still be present even if the information matrix is positive definite. However, when this happens, the partial likelihood approach is still valid, even though some caution is advised. We show that the partial likelihood estimates still converge to the true parameter in some weak sense. We give some criteria for the identifiability and a list of link functions which do not allow such nonidentifiability. The list contains most of the link functions so far proposed in the literature.
Verification of the New Nonhydrostatic Multiscale Model on the B Grid (NMMB): A View on Global Predictability of Surface Parameters

AbstractA global verification of temperature, dewpoint temperature, and wind speed for the new Nonhydrostatic Multiscale Model on the B Grid (NMMB) is computed for a 3-yr period (2010–12) using over 9000 weather stations. The raw model forecasts, as well as bias-removed MOS forecasts, are analyzed and compared to NOAA’s operational GFS. In comparison to the GFS, the NMMB forecasts of temperature, dewpoint temperature, and wind speed are about 10% better, even though the NMMB is run at much coarser resolution and does not yet have its own data assimilation system. However, as a result of several changes in the GFS during the 3-yr period, the MOS computations for GFS are not optimal. Using unbiased MOS forecasts, the global distribution of spatial predictability can be analyzed. Clear spatial patterns emerge, which are partly dependent on the variable. For temperature, the best forecasts can be made for small islands and coastlines, and a clear gradient of decreasing skill with increasing distance from the .
IDENTIFYING SUITABLE LOCATIONS FOR MANGROVE PLANTATION USING GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM AND REMOTE SENSING

Abstract. Mangroves provide numerous environmental benefits, such as carbon sequestration, water purification, climate change mitigation, and flood and Tsunami impact reduction. Despite these unique advantages, mangroves are threatened by the combined adverse impacts of human activities and climate change. Therefore, it is essential to implement reasonable practices to avoid further degradation of mangroves and provide efficient workflows to increase their extent. Accordingly, better plantation policies are principally required for their conservation and rehabilitation. In this study, we desired to detect suitable locations for mangrove plantation in coastal areas of Hormozgan Province, Iran. We considered a relatively new Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique to combine ten criteria derived from remote sensing in a GIS environment. The Best Worst Method (BWM), as an MDCM technique, was implemented to determine the relative importance of each criterion. Afterward, all criteria were aggregated using the Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) method to produce a mangrove plantation suitability map. Statistical measures, including Overall Accuracy (OA = 95%), Kappa Coefficient (KC = 87.9%), and Area Under Curve (AUC = 98.79%), indicated the high applicability of the implemented method for mangrove plantation site allocation. The produced map could give managers a profound insight into finding optimal spots to plant mangroves.
Convective instabilities in SN 1987A

Following Bandiera (1984), it is shown that the relevant criterion to determine the stability of a blast wave, propagating through the layers of a massive star in a supernova explosion, is the Schwarzschild (or Ledoux) criterion rather than the Rayleigh-Taylor criterion. Both criteria coincide only in the incompressible limit. Results of a linear stability analysis are presented for a one-dimensional (spherical) explosion in a realistic model for the progenitor of SN 1987A. When applying the Schwarzschild criterion, unstable regions get extended considerably. Convection is found to develop behind the shock, with a characteristic growth rate corresponding to a time scale much smaller than the shock traversal time. This ensures that efficient mixing will take place. Since the entire ejected mass is found to be convectively unstable, Ni can be transported outward, even into the hydrogen envelope, while hydrogen can be mixed deep into the helium core.
FULL POLARIMETRIC TIME SERIES IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR CROP TYPE MAPPING

Abstract. Crop information and quality are not only fundamental for experts using spatial decision support systems but also have many applications in irrigation management, economic analysis for import or export, food safety, and achieving sustainable agriculture. Remote sensing is a cheap and fast way of reaching this goal. Full polarimetric SAR unlike optical sensors is an all-weather system providing geometrical and physical properties of the earth’s surface events. Due to the dynamic changes in crop properties through their phenological stages, crop type mapping has been challenging. As a result, accurate, reliable, and cost-effective crop type mapping using minimum data and processing has been the goal of the remote sensing and precision agriculture community. In this study, a new method based on time series analysis of full polarimetric SAR data combined with radar indices, polarimetric decompositions followed by the three αs extracted from H/A/α decomposition, and unsupervised H/α/Wishart classification bands as features generated from only 5 dates of RADARSAT CONSTELLATION MISSION 2 data were used for classification of crops. Applying random forest and cat boost algorithm as classifiers an accuracy of 87.4% and 75% was respectively achieved. indicating that both algorithms have promising results. Although the random forest algorithm had better results, the cat boost algorithm had less noise in each field and more homogenous farms were detected.
Production of a 100-m-long high-quality graphene transparent conductive film by roll-to-roll chemical vapor deposition and transfer process

A high-quality graphene transparent conductive film was fabricated by roll-to-roll chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis on a suspended copper foil and subsequent transfer. While the high temperature required for the CVD synthesis of high-quality graphene has prevented efficient roll-to-roll production thus far, we used selective Joule heating of the copper foil to achieve this. Low pressure thermal CVD synthesis and a direct roll-to-roll transfer process using photocurable epoxy resin allowed us to fabricate a 100-m-long graphene transparent conductive film with a sheet resistance as low as 150 Ω/sq, which is comparable to that of state-of-the-art CVD-grown graphene films.
Substrate Nitridation Effects on GaN Grown on GaAs Substrates by Molecular Beam Epitaxy Using RF-Radical Nitrogen Source

The initial substrate nitridation effects on the crystal structure of GaN epitaxial layers grown on GaAs substrates by gas source molecular beam epitaxy using RF-radical N2 as a nitrogen source were investigated. The crystal structure of GaN grown on (100) GaAs substrates was critically influenced by substrate nitridation time, that is, zincblende GaN was grown on the substrate without nitridation, and wurtzite GaN was grown on the nitrided substrate (longer than 120 s). The substrate misorientation effects on surface morphology and X-ray full width at half-maximum of zincblende GaN layers were also studied. A featureless smooth surface was obtained for a layer grown under the high V/III beam flux ratio condition.
Generalized ℋ︁2 model approximation for differential linear repetitive processes

This paper investigates the generalized ℋ︁2 model approximation for differential linear repetitive processes (LRPs). For a given LRP, which is assumed to be stable along the pass, we are aimed at constructing a reduced‐order model of the LRP such that the generalized ℋ︁2 gain of the approximation error LRP between the original LRP and the reduced‐order one is less than a prescribed scalar. A sufficient condition to characterize the bound of the generalized ℋ︁2 gain of the approximation error LRP is presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Two different approaches are proposed to solve the considered generalized ℋ︁2 model approximation problem. One is the convex linearization approach, which casts the model approximation into a convex optimization problem, while the other is the projection approach, which casts the model approximation into a sequential minimization problem subject to LMI constraints by employing the cone complementary linearization algorithm. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the proposed theories. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optical and electronic properties of post-annealed ZnO:Al thin films

This study examined the optical and electronic properties of post-annealed Al-doped ZnO (ZnO:Al) thin films. The lowest resistivity was observed after annealing a sputter-deposited ZnO:Al film at 350 °C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed a ∼0.4 eV shift in the Fermi level when the carrier concentration was increased to 1.6×1020 cm−3 by Al doping and annealing. The optical band gap increased from 3.2 eV for insulating ZnO to 3.4 eV for conducting ZnO:Al, and was associated with conduction-band filling up to ∼0.4 eV in a renormalized band gap. Schematic band diagrams are shown for the ZnO and ZnO:Al films.
Self-consistent mean-field models for nuclear structure

The authors review the present status of self-consistent mean-field (SCMF) models for describing nuclear structure and low-energy dynamics. These models are presented as effective energy-density functionals. The three most widely used variants of SCMF's based on a Skyrme energy functional, a Gogny force, and a relativistic mean-field Lagrangian are considered side by side. The crucial role of the treatment of pairing correlations is pointed out in each case. The authors discuss other related nuclear structure models and present several extensions beyond the mean-field model which are currently used. Phenomenological adjustment of the model parameters is discussed in detail. The performance quality of the SCMF model is demonstrated for a broad range of typical applications.
Distribution Theory for Glass's Estimator of Effect size and Related Estimators

Glass's estimator of effect size, the sample mean difference divided by the sample standard deviation, is studied in the context of an explicit statistical model. The exact distribution of Glass's estimator is obtained and the estimator is shown to have a small sample bias. The minimum variance unbiased estimator is obtained and shown to have uniformly smaller variance than Glass's (biased) estimator. Measurement error is shown to attenuate estimates of effect size and a correction is given. The effects of measurement invalidity are discussed. Expressions for weights that yield the most precise weighted estimate of effect size are also derived.
An adaptive analysis of covariance using tree-structured regression

In this article, we propose an adaptive procedure for testing for the effect of a factor of interest in the presence of one or more confounding variables in observational studies. It is especially relevant for applications where the factor of interest has a suspected causal relationship with a response. This procedure is not tied to linear modeling or normal distribution theory, and it offers a valuable alternative to traditional methods. It is suitable for applications where a factor of interest is categorical and the response is continuous. Confounding variables may be continuous or categorical. The method is comprised of two basic steps that are performed in sequence. First, confounding variables alone (i.e., without the factor of interest) are used to group observations into subsets. These subsets have the property that, when restricted to a subset, there is little or no remaining variation in the response that is attributable to the confounding variables. We then test for the factor of interest within each subset of observations. We propose to implement the first step using a technique that is generally referred to as tree-structured regression. We use a non parametric permutation procedure to carry out the second step. The proposed method is illustrated through an analysis of a U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service data set and an air pollution data set.
Impact of Zinc Oxide Addition on Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Foamed Polymer Composites for Automotive Interior Parts

The sustainable use of agricultural waste to generate valuable products while minimizing environmental burdens is increasing rapidly. Multiple sources of fibers have been intensively studied concerning their application in various fields and industries. However, few publications have extensively discussed the property’s performance of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) composites. With main properties similar to composites currently listed for industrial applications, OPEFB is worth listing as a potential composite for industrial applications and non-structural material alternatives. OPEFB-reinforced polymer composites are expected to be applied to automotive interior parts. This study aims to determine the effect of adding zinc oxide (ZnO) and polyurethane on OPEFB-reinforced polymer composites for automotive interior parts. This composite was produced using the hand lay-up method with 70% resin, 15% OPEFB fiber, 15% polyurethane as a blowing agent, and four variations of ZnO at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The OPEFB particle sizes are 40, 60, 80, and 100, respectively. The composite was examined to determine mechanical, morphology, chemical, and thermal characteristics. It was observed that the addition of 20% ZnO caused ZnO agglomeration, weakening the interfacial bond between OPEFB particles, polyester, polyurethane, and ZnO filler. Overall, the results showed that adding ZnO and polyurethane to the composite increased tensile, compressive, flexural, and impact strength, as well as thermal stability with more significant values up to 160%, 225%, 100%, 100%, and 4.3%, respectively. This result depicted that the best composition was specimens with 15% ZnO and 149 microns OPEFB fibers particle size. It is considered a promising candidate to be applied in automotive interior components.
Special Edition article: Social and emotional well-being programmes: The nexus between sustainability and quality assurance

When social-emotional well-being programmes are well-implemented, positive changes in students’ mental health and self-regulatory social-emotional capabilities can eventuate. However, a problematic area of programme implementation is sustainability once the supports and resources of the ‘start-up’ phases of new initiatives fade away. It is increasingly recognised that quality assurance procedures are necessary during the delivery of new programmes. However, it appears that procedures for quality assurance of the sustainability components of programmes have been relatively neglected. In this paper we investigate whether and why the KidsMatter Primary Mental Health Promotion initiative in Australia was sustained in schools one year after completion of the pilot phase. Thematic analysis indicated a range of facilitators and barriers to sustainability, and that many, but not all, schools continued to identify themselves as ‘KidsMatter’ schools. We propose a framework to guide a continuous cycle of quality assurance processes, with a specific focus on assuring programme sustainability. We argue that more practical and conceptual work needs to be undertaken to develop tools and processes for explicit quality assurance of the sustainability components of mental health promotion and social-emotional well-being initiatives in educational settings.
Comparison of multifrequency equatorial scintillation: American and Pacific sectors

In this paper we examine the severity of radio wave amplitude scintillation measured at two stations near the equator but far separated in longitude: Kwajalein, Marshall Islands (167°E), and Ancon, Peru (−77°E). The data used are long-term observations of the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) Wideband satellite signal intensity at VHF, UHF, and L band frequencies. The seasonal behavior of the scintillation at the two stations is similar; each shows a broad 8- to 9-month disturbed season centered about local summer. There is short-term variability in the scintillation occurrence statistics but no clear equinoctial maxima. Little difference is observed in the occurrence or severity of L band scintillation at the two stations, although a systematic difference in the frequency dependence of the scintillation produces significantly stronger VHF and UHF scintillation at Ancon. The VHF and UHF latitudinal distributions of scintillation are asymmetric about the geomagnetic equator at both stations.
Bayesian change points analysis on the seismic activity in northeastern Taiwan

Bayesian change points analysis on the seismic activity in northeastern Taiwan is studied via the reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation. An epidemic model is considered with Gamma prior distributions for the parameters. The prior distributions are essentially determined based on an earlier period of the seismic data in the same region. It is investigated that there exist two change points during the time period considered. This result is also confirmed by the BIC criteria.
Interaction between a Nonuniformly Coated Circular Inclusion and a Remote Uniform Heat Flow

This article presents an analytical solution for plane thermoelasticity problems of a nonuniformly coated circular inclusion under a remote uniform heat flow. Based on the technique of conformal mapping and the method of analytical continuation in conjunction with the alternating technique, the general expressions of the temperature, displacements and stresses for three dissimilar media are derived explicitly in a series form. For a limiting case that the thickness of the interphase layer is uniform, the derived analytical solutions are reduced to those of the corresponding circularly cylindrical layered media problem. Numerical results of interfacial stresses are carried out and displayed in graphic form.
Electricity consumption prediction with functional linear regression using spline estimators

A functional linear regression model linking observations of a functional response variable with measurements of an explanatory functional variable is considered. This model serves to analyse a real data set describing electricity consumption in Sardinia. The interest lies in predicting either oncoming weekends’ or oncoming weekdays’ consumption, provided actual weekdays’ consumption is known. A B-spline estimator of the functional parameter is used. Selected computational issues are addressed as well.
Whole-school nurturing approaches: A systematic analysis of impact

Aims:This systematic analysis aims to address the research question – do whole-school nurturing approaches show any impact in the short or long term on (1) emotional/behavioural, (2) cognitive/educational or (3) teacher/school variables? Rationale:Trauma or Adverse Childhood Experiences can have long-term consequences though causing problems in attachment, which nurturing approaches seek to ameliorate. Whilst there is a good deal of international research evidence on the impact of Nurture Groups in schools, less is known about the impact of whole school nurturing approaches on pupils and schools. This paper aims to address that gap.Findings:A total of 146 papers were retrieved from four databases and 13 from other sources. After excluding 61 duplicate papers, 98 papers were screened in relation to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and only 13 papers were finally selected. Results suggest that nurturing approaches can have a positive impact on pupils’ social, emotional and behavioural needs, academic progress, other pupils in the mainstream class/school, parents and home life, and the whole school. Additionally, the length of time a nurturing approach is in place in a school contributes to its effectiveness.Limitations:Limitations include the quality of research available, lack of papers focusing on universal whole-school nurturing approaches and lack of international studies.Conclusions:The paper highlights the need for more robust research focusing on universal whole-school nurturing approaches to be carried out.