Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Happiness in the Cyberspace Promote That in the Real-World?: Testing on Reciprocal Relationships Using Cross-Lagged Structural Equation Modeling

To examine reciprocal relationships between â€œvirtual worldâ€ -context cyberspace positive-psychological states (CPSs) and â€œreal worldâ€ -context positive-psychological states (PSs), this study conducted a two-wave panel design with about two-semester interval on 251 Taiwan college freshmen and analyzed the data using cross-lagged structural equation modeling. The analytical results show that CPSs have causal priority over PSs, but not vise versa. Therefore, the cyberspace PSs of the former stage influenced the real-world PSs during the latter stage. These results indicate that college students tended to incorporate their cyberspace positive-psychological states into their â€œreal world. â€ The authors have concluded that cyberspace positive-psychological states do not substitute for and, indeed, contribute to real-world states.
Pre-Reflective Self-Consciousness : On Being Bodily in the World

Empirical and experiential investigations allow the distinction between observational and nonobservational forms of subjective bodily experiences. From a first-person perspective, the biological body can be (1) an “opaque body” taken as an intentional object of observational consciousness, (2) a “performative body” pre-reflectively experienced as a subject/agent, (3) a “transparent body” pre-reflectively experienced as the bodily mode of givenness of objects in the external world, or (4) an “invisible body” absent from experience. It is proposed that pre-reflective bodily experiences rely on sensori-motor integrative mechanisms that process information on the external world in a self-relative way. These processes are identification-free in that the self is not identified as an object of observation. Moreover, it is defended that observational self-consciousness must be grounded on such identification-free processes and pre-reflective forms of bodily experience.
Servi e Separation and QoS in ATM Networks: The RCC+ Multiplexer

Abstra t. Providing servi e separation and quality of servi e guarantees requires the use of s heduling algorithms in the swit hes and network interfa es. We present the RCC+ Mux, a hardware eÆ ient Rate Controlled Cell Multiplexer that has the apablity to provide expli it bandwidth reservation guarantees and thereby an ex ellent servi e separation. The RCC+ Multiplexer is simulated in the presen e of self-similar traÆ and ompared to the FIFO queue, the Worst-ase Fair Weighted Fair Queueing plus (WF 2 Q+) s heduler
What Drives and Limits Financial Deepening Dynamics? Fresh Empirical-based Policy Lessons for African Sub-Regions

By using fresh macroeconomic data and several empirical approaches, this paper provides new evidence about the leading macroeconomic determinants and dynamics of financial deepening in the CEMAC sub-region. For this purpose, we have undertaken consecutively a theoretical model building, an explanatory analysis and an empirical estimation of a microfounded model. Practically, it consisted to use several complementary econometrical techniques - both static and dynamic panel data econometrics accounting for endogeneity, instrumental variables and principle components analysis- to better isolate and identify the determinants of financial deepening. Our main results, which are robust to multiple estimation approach and consistent with prediction of the Neo Keynesian economics, has led to the following global recommendations: firstly, the CEMAC sub-region authorities should implement expansionary policies of GDP growth rate, population density, savings rate and exchange rate. Secondly, they should review their policy of trade liberalization since it appears to be negatively related to financial deepening. Concerning the dynamics aspect, a convergent dynamics and the feasibility of common monetary policy targeting depth in CEMAC sub-region have been highlighted. This paper is original and actual since it highlighted the leading determinants of financial deepening and thus better financial policy recommendations in a context of a less developed financial system and wrong performance in terms of shared prosperity and inclusive economic growth.
New directions for research on SME-eBusiness: insights from an analysis of journal articles from 2003 to 2006

Previous research which consolidates the growing body of academic literature on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and electronic business (eBusiness) has taken the form of meta-analyses which focus on analysing adoption factors, pre-2000 articles and a small number of journals. This paper makes a valuable contribution to the analysis of SME-eBusiness research by addressing the limitations of past literature analyses because it presents an extensive literature review of 120 SME-eBusiness journal articles published between 2003 and 2006 in 53 journals. This paper is unique, when compared to meta-analyses of adoption factors, because it analyses the SME-eBusiness literature broadly on the basis of the data collection approaches used, countries and eBusiness technologies studied, and the primary research objective of each article. This approach to the analysis revealed a number of limitations in the existing research such as the tendency: to treat SMEs and eBusiness applications homogeneously rather than as highly diverse, complex entities; to repeat adoption factor studies which have now reached saturation point; and to focus on SMEs themselves without considering the complexity of relationships which many SMEs have with family, friends, other businesses and eBusiness solution providers. These limitations highlight the need for new research directions which move beyond identifying and evaluating adoption factors. The paper concludes by outlining a number of broad research directions which might help overcome the limitations with the existing body of SME-eBusiness research.
Visualizing the Evolution of Community Structures in Dynamic Social Networks

Social network analysis is the study of patterns of interaction between social entities. The field is attracting increasing attention from diverse disciplines including sociology, epidemiology, and behavioral ecology. An important sociological phenomenon that draws the attention of analysts is the emergence of communities, which tend to form, evolve, and dissolve gradually over a period of time. Understanding this evolution is crucial to sociologists and domain scientists, and often leads to a better appreciation of the social system under study. Therefore, it is imperative that social network visualization tools support this task. While graph‐based representations are well suited for investigating structural properties of networks at a single point in time, they appear to be significantly less useful when used to analyze gradual structural changes over a period of time. In this paper, we present an interactive visualization methodology for dynamic social networks. Our technique focuses on revealing the community structure implied by the evolving interaction patterns between individuals. We apply our visualization to analyze the community structure in the US House of Representatives. We also report on a user study conducted with the participation of behavioral ecologists working with social network datasets that depict interactions between wild animals. Findings from the user study confirm that the visualization was helpful in providing answers to sociological questions as well as eliciting new observations on the social organization of the population under study.
Online EM for indoor simultaneous localization and mapping

This paper addresses the problem of mobile device localization in wireless sensor networks. The mobile is assumed to receive the signals transmitted byWiFi access points. The localization procedure is performed online (i.e. using the observations acquired by the mobile) and relies on the estimation of the propagation maps of the signal associated with each access point. This intermediate estimation step uses a new online Expectation Maximization based algorithm and Sequential Monte Carlo methods.
Relational ranking with predictive clustering trees

A novel class of applications of predictive clustering trees is addressed, namely relational ranking. Predictive clustering trees, as implemented in TILDE, allow for predicting multiple target variables from relational data. This approach makes sense especially if the target variables are not independent of each other. This is typically the case in ranking, where the (relative) performance of several approaches on the same task has to be predicted from a given description of the task. We propose to use predictive clustering trees for ranking. This allows us to use relational descriptions of the tasks. As compared to existing ranking approaches which are instance-based, our approach also allows for an explanation of the predicted rankings. We illustrate our approach on the task of ranking machine learning algorithms, where the (relative) performance of the algorithms on a given dataset has to be predicted from a given (relational) dataset description.
Dynamic localization of multiple mobile subjects in wireless Ad Hoc networks

In this paper, a dynamic localization algorithm is proposed for the tracking of mobile subjects in a wireless ad hoc network environment. This algorithm integrates a dynamic multidimensional scaling (MDS) method and the dead reckoning method enabled by a wearable position tracking (WePoST) system through sensor fusion technique. The essential idea of the dynamic MDS (DMDS) is to reduce the localization error by increasing the network density and connectivity through the addition of virtual nodes. Sensor fusion technique is used to improve the consistency of the dynamic MDS algorithm by integrating the knowledge of short distance displacement. Tests done in simulation verify the proposed dynamic localization algorithm.
Applied General Equilibrium Models of Taxation and International Trade

We wish to acknowledge the help of three referees and of John Pencavel on several earlier drafts, as well as the assistance of the modelers, whose work is referred to in the paper. They corrected our lack of understanding of their work and provided many other helpful comments. Excellent research and bibliographical assistance have been provided by Debbie Fretz, Radwan Shaban, and Janet Stotsky. Helpful comments have been made by Charles Ballard, Michael Boskin, Lans Bovenberg, Sylvester Damus, Harvey Galper, Glenn Harrison, Gordon Lenjosek, Jack Mutti, Serena Ng, T. N. Srinivasan, Charles Stuart, and Eric Toder. The authors also acknowledgefinancial support from the National Bureau of Economic Research, the National Science Foundation, International Business Machines, and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council: Ottawa, Canada.
Bringing Transnational Relations Back in: Non-State Actors, Domestic Structures and International Institutions

Part I. Setting the Agenda: 1. Bringing transnational relations back in: introduction Thomas Risse-Kappen Part II. Case Studies: 2. Transnational relations and the development of European economic and monetary union David R. Cameron 3. 'Bullying' , 'buying', and 'binding': US-Japanese transnational realtions and domestic structures Peter J. Katzenstein, and Yutaka Tsujinaka 4. MNCs and developmentalism: domestic structure as an explanation for East Asian dynamism Cal Clark, and Steve Chan 5. Transnational relations, domestic structures, and security policy in the USSR and Russia Matthew Evangelista 6. Mechanics of change: social movements, transnational coalitions, and the transformation processes in Eastern Europe Patricia Chilton 7. Ivory, conservation, and environmental transnational coalitions Thomas Princen Part III. Conclusions: So What? : 8. Power politics, institutions, and transnational relations Stephen D. Krasner 9. Structures of governance and transnational relations: what have we learned? Index.
Achieving Universal Primary and Secondary Education in Uganda Access and Equity Considerations

Education policy in Uganda has evolved over time from elitism to inclusiveness and is now at the center of the country's Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP). This paper uses the 1992 and 2005 nationally representative household surveys to assess the impact of the 1997 Universal Primary Education (UPE) and the 2007 Universal Secondary Education (USE) policies. Both policies entail the abolition of school fees for these two levels of education. We find that UPE did reduce school fees paid by families at the primary level of education. The reduction in school fees in turn led to a significant improvement in both access to and equity in primary schooling. However the policy did not increase the likelihood of completing primary schooling nor did it have any spillover effects for secondary education. Simulations from a probability model show that USE is likely to induce a big surge in secondary enrolment similar to the one associated with UPE at the primary level of education. This policy also has the potential of significantly improving the distribution of post primary education and training opportunities. The feasibility of these potential outcomes depends however on investment in space and other complementary inputs at levels commensurate with the expected influx of students.
Requiem for Nature

In Requiem for Nature, John Terborgh examines current conservation strategies and considers the shortcomings of parks and protected areas both from ecological and institutional perspectives. He explains how seemingly pristine environments can gradually degrade, and describes the difficult social context-a debilitating combination of poverty, corruption, abuses of power, political instability, and a frenzied scramble for quick riches-in which tropical conservation must take place. He considers the significant challenges facing existing parks and examines problems inherent in alternative approaches, such as ecotourism, the exploitation of nontimber forest products, "sustainable use," and "sustainable development. " Throughout, Terborgh argues that the greatest challenges of conservation are not scientific, but are social, economic, and political, and that success will require simultaneous progress on all fronts. He makes a compelling case that nature can be saved, but only if good science and strong institutions can be thoughtfully combined.
Frankenfoods: What to do when the devil has all the good songs

I would like to congratulate delegates at this conference for their contributions to helping reverse the erosion of “social capital. ” You may have heard of the idea of social capital in the context of a best-selling book entitled Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. The author Robert Putnam (2000) defined social capital as the fabric of our connections with each other in a society. He argued that evidence showed social capital had plummeted in the United States, impoverishing lives and communities. Americans signed fewer petitions, belonged to fewer organizations that meet, knew their neighbors less, met less frequently with friends and socialized with their families less often. They bowl more than three decades ago, but they bowl alone more often. A similar concern about disintegrating social connection has been voiced here in Canada during the current federal election campaign. Political observers are bemoaning the hollowing out of constituency organizations, once the backbone of political parties. But opposition to agricultural biotechnology is bucking the erosion of social capital. It has managed to unite people across ideologies, social classes, education, income, and even in disparate neighborhoods. You are as likely to find opponents to agricultural biotech in Toronto’s posh Rosedale as in the grim JaneFinch corridor, or in Chevy Chase as in southeast DC. Why? Well, of course, there’s the media.
An improved GROMOS96 force field for aliphatic hydrocarbons in the condensed phase

Over the past 4 years the GROMOS96 force field has been successfully used in biomolecular simulations, for example in peptide folding studies and detailed protein investigations, but no applications to lipid systems have been published yet. Here we provide a detailed investigation of aliphatic liquid systems. For liquids of larger aliphatic chains, n‐heptane and longer, the standard GROMOS96 parameter sets 43A1 and 43A2 yield a too low pressure at the experimental density. Therefore, a reparametrization of the GROMOS96 force field regarding aliphatic carbons was initiated. The new force field parameter set 45A3 shows considerable improvements for n‐alkanes, cyclo‐, iso‐, and neoalkanes and other branched aliphatics. Liquid densities and heat of vaporization are reproduced for almost all of these molecules. Excellent agreement is found with experiment for the free energy of hydration for alkanes. The GROMOS96 45A3 parameter set should, therefore, be suitable for application to lipid aggregates such as membranes and micelles, for mixed systems of aliphatics with or without water, for polymers, and other apolar systems that may interact with different biomolecules. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 1205–1218, 2001
Antiemetic and analgesic-sparing effects of diphenhydramine added to morphine intravenous patient-controlled analgesia.

BACKGROUND This study was designed to examine the analgesic and dose-related antiemetic efficacy of diphenhydramine-morphine mixture for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). METHODS Healthy women, undergoing abdominal total hysterectomy were recruited to this double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled study. Patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups (n=40 each). In group 1, patients received saline at induction and morphine 1 mg ml(-1) alone for postoperative PCA. Patients in groups 2 and 3 received diphenhydramine 30 mg i.v. at induction and were given a 1.2:1 or a 4.8:1 ratio, respectively, of diphenhydramine-morphine mixture for postoperative PCA. RESULTS A total of 112 patients completed the study. The incidence of postoperative nausea (31.6% vs 67.6%, P<0.01) and vomiting (15.8% vs 40.5%, <0.05) was significantly lower in group 3 than in group 1. Furthermore, the incidence of severe nausea was significantly lower in group 3 than in group 1 (2.6% vs 24.3%, P<0.05). The rescue antiemetic requirements were also significantly less in group 3 than in group 1 (5.3% vs 24.3%, P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between group 2 and group 1 in any of the comparisons. Pain intensity, 24-h morphine consumption and diphenhydramine-related side-effects, such as sedation or dry mouth, did not differ among the three groups. CONCLUSION An initial bolus of diphenhydramine 30 mg at anaesthetic induction followed by postoperative PCA with a 4.8:1, but not 1.2:1, diphenhydramine-morphine mixture provides an effective antiemetic efficacy without morphine-sparing effects.
Multi-way sentiment classification of Arabic reviews

The evolution of the Web and the appearance of new technologies led to the rise of new ways for the Internet users to express their opinions and feelings regarding different aspects of life. Such expressions are written in an unstructured way using natural languages. They hold a great deal of knowledge about the user's opinions and reactions on various subjects. As a result, a new field called Sentiment Analysis (SA) has come into existence to address the complicated task of extracting such opinions or sentiments from the massive pool of unstructured text available online. Traditional works on SA consider only two sentiments: positive and negative. Multi-way SA sentiment analysis consider sentiments expressed using a star or ranking system. E.g., in a 5-star ranking system, the user's opinion ranges from very negative (1 star) to very positive (5 stars). This version of SA is obviously much harder to handle which partly explains the limited number of works on it. Moreover, we focus in this work on the Arabic language, which is largely understudied compared to the English language. In this work, a new and relatively large Arabic dataset is used. The dataset, called the Large Arabic Book Reviews (LABR) dataset, is gathered from an online book reviews website. The objective of this work is to perform baseline experiments on this dataset by applying the Bag-Of-Words words coupled with the most popular classifiers. We also investigate the effect of stemming and balancing the dataset. The obtained accuracies are low confirming the intuition that the multi-way SA problem is very difficult and needs further attention.
A most detestable crime : new philosophical essays on rape

Rape is one of the oldest crimes, yet in some ways it is the least understood. Criminal law classifies rape as a crime against the person along with murder, robbery, and battery. But in at least one respect rape is unique--with few exceptions its perpetrators are male and its victims are female. The gendered nature of rape raises questions of equality and fairness as well as about the scope of individual rights to autonomy, privacy, security, and bodily integrity. Rape is therefore an important subject for political and social philosophy as well as for ethics, feminist philosophy, and the philosophy of law. This collection of original essays by leading philosophers investigates the philosophical dimensions of rape in all of its manifestations: act, crime, practice, and institution. The essays examine such issues as the nature of rape; the wrongfulness and harmfulness of rape; the relation of rape to racism, sexism, classism, and other forms of oppression; and the legitimacy of various rape-law doctrines (such as the corroboration requirement, the marital-rape exemption, and the reasonable-belief defense). Each contributor advances a novel argument and seeks to disentangle the conceptual, evaluative, and empirical issues that arise in connection with the crime. Editor Keith Burgess-Jackson provides a substantive introduction, a history of rape law, two extensive bibliographies, and a detailed index to round out this major addition to a much-needed philosophical discussion of rape. A Most Detestable Crime is among the first philosophical anthologies devoted exclusively to the subject of rape--as complex and interesting intellectually as it is pervasive and disturbing socially. It is an essential reference work not only for legal and feminist philosophers, but for feminist scholars and practitioners in every field, including law, medicine, social work, and counseling. This volume will also be of interest to social, political, and legal theorists of every ideological and methodological persuasion.
White Teachers / Diverse Classrooms: A Guide to Building Inclusive Schools, Promoting High Expectations, and Eliminating Racism

For African Americans, school is often not a place to learn but a place of low expectations and failure. In urban schools with concentrations of poverty, often fewer than half the ninth graders leave with a high school diploma. Black and White teachers here provide an insightful approach to inclusive and equitable teaching and illustrate its transformative power to bring about success. This book encourages reflection and self-examination, calls for understanding how students can achieve and expecting the most from them. It demonstrates what's involved in terms of recognizing often-unconscious biases, confronting institutional racism where it occurs, surmounting stereotyping, adopting culturally relevant teaching, connecting with parents and the community, and integrating diversity in all activities. This book is replete with examples of practice and telling insights that will engage teachers in practice or in service. It should have a place in every classroom in colleges of education. Its empowering message applies not just to teachers of Black students, but illuminates teaching in every racially diverse setting.