Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Evaluation of Ciprofloxacin Colon Targeted Tablets By Compression Coating Technique Using Guar Gum and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose

: The aim of the present study is to develop colon targeted drug delivery system for ciprofloxacin drug which is used to treat the Crohn’s disease using various proportions of guar gum and HPMC K4M polymer using as coating materials for extending drug release. The compression coated tablets of ciprofloxacin were prepared and were evaluated for hardness, thickness, friability, diameter, drug content, weight variation and in vitro drug release studies. The IR spectrum of ciprofloxacin drug was compared with the IR spectrum of ciprofloxacin physical mixtures and crushed studies confirm that the drug and other excipients in the formulation were compatible with each other. At different pH, % drug release was calculated. The compression coated tablets with 175 mg of guar gum coat released 24.96±2.68 % for formulation F1, whereas combination of Guar gum and HPMC K 4M as coat in the ratio of 5% (F2), 10% (F3) and 20% (F4) release 51.79±1.65%, 36.53±0.79% and 31.61 ±1.87% respectively observed at different time periods in 0.1N HCl for 2hrs, 7.4 pH phosphate buffers for 3hrs and followed by 6.8 pH phosphate buffer for the remaining 19hrs indicating the susceptibility of the guar gum formulations in simulated colonic fluids. But the Formulation F5 (containing mixture of Guar gum in combination with 30% of HPMC K 4M as coat for compressed tablet) gave very soft coats and so more drug release occurs before it reaches to colon pH. The mechanism of drug release with the formulations F1 and F3 was dominantly case-II transport diffusion and followed zero order kinetics, whereas the formulation F4 followed Korsemeyer peppas equation. The ciprofloxacin compression coated tablets showed no change either in physical appearance, drug content or in dissolution pattern during stability study. Based on the R² value obtained, F3 is considered as the best formulation.
Fluctuations and dissipation of coherent magnetization

A quantum mechanical model is used to derive a generalized Landau-Lifshitz equation for a magnetic moment, including fluctuations and dissipation. The magnetic moment is linearly coupled to a reservoir of bosonic degrees of freedom. The model reproduces the Gilbert-Brown form of the equation in the classical limit for a particular choice of the bath parameters. Use of generalized coherent states makes the semiclassical limit more transparent within a path-integral formulation. A general fluctuation-dissipation theorem is derived. The magnitude of the magnetic moment also fluctuates beyond the Gaussian approximation. We discuss how the approximate classical stochastic description of the thermal field follows from our result. We apply these results to the calculation of the correlation functions of the magnetization in a thin film with an easy axis and a hard axis within a linear-response approximation.
Quantum mechanics as"space-time statistical mechanics"?

In this paper we discuss and analyse the idea of trying to see (non-relativistic) quantum mechanics as a “space-time statistical mechanics”, by using the classical statistical mechanical method on objective microscopic space-time conﬁgurations. It is argued that this could perhaps be accomplished by giving up the assumption that the objective “state” of a system is independent of a future measurement performed on the system. This idea is then applied in an example of quantum state estimation on a qubit system.
ULTRAFAST DYNAMICS OF INTER- AND INTRABAND TRANSITIONS IN SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS : IMPLICATIONS FOR QUANTUM-DOT LASERS

Application of femtosecond transient absorption in the visible and near-IR spectral ranges and time-resolved photoluminescence allows us to separate electron and hole relaxation paths and to map the structure of interband and intraband optical transitions in CdSe and CdS nanocrystals (NC{close_quote}s) with a wide range of surface properties. In contrast to electron relaxation, which is controlled by NC surface passivation, depopulation of hole quantized states is extremely fast (sub-ps-to-ps time scales) in all types samples, independent of NC surface treatment (including NC{close_quote}s overcoated with a ZnS layer). Our results suggest that ultrafast hole dynamics are not due to trapping at localized surface defects such as a vacancy, but rather arise from relaxation into intrinsic NC states or intrinsically unpassivated interface states. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}
Modified light GBM based classification of malicious users in cooperative cognitive radio networks

ABSTRACT This paper proposes the Modified Light GBM to classify the Malicious Users (MUs) and legitimate Secondary Users (SUs) in the cognitive-radio network. The proposed method is to avoid the consequences of malicious users in Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS) without the detection of MUs. The method is tested against the occurrence of Always No Malicious User (ANMU), always yes malicious user (AYMU), the Random Malicious User (RMU), and Opposite Malicious User (OMU) transmitting spectrum sensing data to the Fusion Center (FC) by normal secondary users. The efficiency of the proposed method is expressed via simulations and compared with other existing methods.
A Time-Related Voxel Representation Method for Event Camera

The event camera's high temporal resolution and dynamic range make it an optimal tool for detecting and tracking high-speed moving objects. However, the asynchronous and sparse output event data of the event camera limits the use of traditional image processing methods in its application. In this paper, a time-related voxel representation method is proposed as a solution to overcome the challenge of sparse and asynchronous output event data in the event camera. This method efficiently represents the discrete event data in a compact voxel form, arranged based on their temporal order and polarity. By using this representation method, we can apply existing image processing techniques to the event data while reducing information loss. The proposed event representation method achieved a remarkable classification accuracy of 0.998 and 0.967 for the N-MNIST datasets and NCARS datasets, respectively. This outperforms existing event representation methods, demonstrating the high effectiveness of the proposed method for classification tasks. These results highlight the potential of the time-related voxel representation method to enhance the performance of event cameras and their application in various fields, including robotics, autonomous vehicles, and surveillance.
Polarization-Space-Time Processing in Mainlobe Blanket Jamming via CP Decomposition

This paper deals with the problem of mainlobe jamming suppression for phased-array radar system via a joint polarization-space-time processing method resorting to tensor decomposition. Firstly, a dual-polarization receiving array model is established. Then, base on the polarization-space-time characteristics, CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition is leveraged to recast the received signals as a third-order tensor consisting of three factor matrices. Further, the target echo and the jamming signal can be obtained via minimizing the Frobenius norm of the approximation error between the factor matrices and their iteration forms. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method by numerical simulation is verified, showing its capability to resist mainlobe jamming compared with the art competing method.
Bilirubin Prevents the TH+ Dopaminergic Neuron Loss in a Parkinson’s Disease Model by Acting on TNF-α

Parkinson’s disease (PD), the fastest-growing movement disorder, is still challenged by the unavailability of disease-modifying therapy. Mildly elevated levels of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB, PubChem CID 5280352) have been shown to be protective against several extra-CNS diseases, and the effect is attributed to its well-known anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory capability. We explored the neuroprotective effect of low concentrations of UCB (from 0.5 to 4 µM) in our PD model based on organotypic brain cultures of substantia nigra (OBCs-SN) challenged with a low dose of rotenone (Rot). UCB at 0.5 and 1 µM fully protects against the loss of TH+ (dopaminergic) neurons (DOPAn). The alteration in oxidative stress is involved in TH+ positive neuron demise induced by Rot, but is not the key player in UCB-conferred protection. On the contrary, inflammation, specifically tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), was found to be the key to UCB protection against DOPAn sufferance. Further work will be needed to introduce the use of UCB into clinical settings, but determining that TNF-α plays a key role in PD may be crucial in designing therapeutic options.
IEICE Proceeding Series Analytical Approach to the Robustness of Strongly Correlated Complex Networks

—The robustness of complex networks against external perturbations, such as node and / or link removal, is critical for the functioning of a complex network and has been studied through various approaches. Most analytical work assumes, for simplicity, that there is no speciﬁc correlation in connecting nodes, because of the di ﬃ culty and complexity in treating correlation between node connections properly. Since many networks in the real world do have such correlation, we focus on deriving analytical equations for calculating the threshold and the giant component fraction for networks having degree-degree correlations against arbitrary strategies of node removal. As an example of the analyses using these expressions, we show how the vulnerability of scale-free networks against targeted node removal can be signiﬁcantly improved by taking the structure in which the nodes with almost the same degree are connected to each other. Our analytic calculations are veriﬁed by numerical simulations.
Superstring action in AdS(5) x S**5. Kappa symmetry light cone gauge

As part of program to quantize superstrings in AdS_5 x S^5 background in light cone approach we find the explicit form of the corresponding Green-Schwarz action in fermionic light-cone kappa-symmetry gauge. The resulting action is quadratic and quartic in fermions. In the flat space limit it reduces to the standard light-cone Green-Schwarz action, and also has the correct superparticle limit. We discuss fixing the bosonic light-cone gauge and a reformulation of the action in terms of 2-d Dirac spinors.
The Magnificent Seven: Nearby Isolated Neutron Stars with strong Magnetic Fields

Although the true origin of the broad absorption lines in X-ray spectra of thermal isolated neutron stars is not clear yet, our current knowledge about the "magnificent seven" strongly suggests that they are highly magnetized ($10^{13} - 10^{14}$ G), slowly rotating cooling neutron stars. Further timing studies would be very useful to obtain more independent estimates of the magnetic field strength (as they currently only exist from RX J0720.4-3125).
Management of Scaphoid Nonunion (SNU) With Ilizarov Ring Fixator Using Two Olive Wire Compression Without Bone Grafting: A Case Series

Background: The scaphoid is the most commonly fractured bone among the carpal bones seen in orthopedic practice. The majority have good favorable prognosis, but some develop nonunion of fracture despite optimal treatment, which can lead to further complications if left untreated. It is recommended that displaced scaphoid nonunions (SNUs) should be reduced and fixed to prevent degenerative changes from occurring, even if they are asymptomatic. Many treatments have been described, from a percutaneous fixation with a k-wire or screw to open reduction and internal fixation with or without bone grafting, but none of them is the gold standard. Aim: To evaluate the outcome of an SNU treated with an Ilizarov fixator using two olive wires without bone graft. Methods: Eleven cases of non-union scaphoid fractures were considered in the study which was presented to the Department of Orthopedics of Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences during the period of March 2015 to March 2018. This study has been approved by the scientific and ethical committees. The anatomical location of the fracture was graded according to the MAYO classification. An Ilizarov frame was applied with two cross olive wires for achieving compression at the fracture area and maintained for six weeks. A final outcome was assessed using the scaphoid outcome score. Results: One out of 11 patients operated on during the study period was lost in follow-up, so 10 patients were considered for analysis of the results. There were nine male patients and one female patient. The majority were right-sided and dominant-handed, with varied occupations. The average duration of nonunion, when presented, was 10.7 months (a range of 6-20 months). The average follow-up was 43.6 months (range 27-60 months). Union was achieved in an average of 12.9 weeks (range 10-18 weeks). All the patients returned to their pre-injury activity level in a mean of 17.1 weeks (range 13-23 weeks). Grip strength improved from a mean of 29.5 kg preoperatively to 39.4 kg postoperatively. At the final follow-up, the mean scaphoid outcome score was 9.1. An excellent outcome was obtained in five cases (50%), a good outcome in three cases (30%), a fair outcome in one case (10%), and in one case (10%), a poor outcome. Conclusion: With our technique of Ilizarov fixation and compression with two cross olive wires, SNU can be treated safely even without opening the non-union site and even without bone grafting. Since we excluded SNU patients with humpback deformity, carpal instability, carpal collapse, or avascular necrosis (AVN), our results might not be directly comparable to those of other SNU series in the literature. These would have predisposed to a poor outcome. Since we did not assign the patients at random, it is challenging to compare the Ilizarov technique to other widely used SNU treatments and determine whether it is more effective. However, the study's results are encouraging and show that the Ilizarov method using two olive wires for compression.
Hydrogen Isotope Separation by Combined Electrolysis Catalytic Exchange Under Reduced Pressure

At the National Institute for Fusion Science experimental studies on hydrogen isotope separation by a Combined Electrolysis Catalytic Exchange (CECE) process have been carried out in order to apply it to the system of water detritiation for D-D burning experiments of the Large Helical Device. As an improvement of the CECE process, we have developed a reduced-pressure method as a means of enhancing the separation factor. The feasibility of this method is examined through application to a CECE process using a prototype separation column. Hydrogen-deuterium isotope separation experiments are performed in the two cases where column pressures are 12 and 101 kPa, and the separation factors for hydrogen and deuterium are obtained as 6.8 and 5.6, respectively. It is confirmed that the present method is applicable and useful to the CECE process. The values of Height Equivalent to a Theoretical Plate (HETP) are estimated by analyses with the equilibrium stage model. The HETP values are 15 cm at 12 kPa and 13 cm at 101 kPa. The increase of superficial velocity with decreasing pressure may spoil the efficiency of the mass transfer.
Performance of a MEMS IMU for Localizing a Seaglider AUV on an Acoustic Tracking Range

A Seaglider instrumented with an inertial attitude and heading reference system was tracked for three days on an acoustic tracking range in Dabob Bay, Washington, operated by the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Keyport, WA, USA. Inertial measurements were integrated to yield estimates of position and compared with tracked positions. Within 3 min, the integrated positioning results deviated from tracked positions by more than a kilometer. The addition of a depth constraint from pressure sensor measurements slowed the error growth over time, but even with this constraint, measurements were too noisy to accurately determine position without aid from additional sensors. Inertial data did contribute to accurate localization when used to estimate vehicle attitude and incorporated into an existing flight model; however, results did not demonstrate marked improvement over existing flight models. Although not a decisive demonstration of vehicle positioning with a standalone low-cost, low-power sensor, the results presented here provide a benchmark for comparison as MEMS inertial sensors continue to evolve using a valuable ground-truth of subsea Seaglider position not previously available.
Band structure calculations of InP wurtzite/zinc-blende quantum wells

Semiconductor nanowhiskers (NWs) made of III-V compounds exhibit great potential for technological applications. Controlling the growth conditions, such as temperature and diameter, it is possible to alternate between zinc-blende (ZB) and wurtzite (WZ) crystalline phases, giving origin to the so called polytypism. This effect has great influence in the electronic and optical properties of the system, generating new forms of confinement to the carriers. A theoretical model capable to accurately describe electronic and optical properties in these polytypical nanostructures can be used to study and develop new kinds of nanodevices. In this study, we present the development of a wurtzite/zinc-blende polytypical model to calculate the electronic band structure of nanowhiskers based on group theory concepts and the k·p method. Although the interest is in polytypical superlattices, the proposed model was applied to a single quantum well of InP to study the physics of the wurtzite/zinc-blende polytypism. By the a.
Multi-band polarimetry of post-asymptotic giant branch stars - I. Optical measurements

We present new optical broad-band (UBVRI) aperture polarimetric observations of 53 post-asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars selected to exhibit a large near-infrared excess. 24 out of the 53 stars (45% of our sample) are presented for the first time. A statistical analysis shows four distinctive groups of polarized post-AGB stars: unpolarized or very lowly polarized (degree of polarization or DoP 8%). 23 out of the 53 (66%) belong to the first group, 10 (19%) to the second, five (9%) to the third and only three (6%) to the last group. Approximately, 34% of our sample was found to be unpolarized objects, which is close to the percentage of round planetary nebulae. On average, the low and moderate groups show a wavelength-dependent polarization that increases towards shorter wavelength, implying an intrinsic origin of the polarization, which signifies a Rayleigh-like scattering spectrum typical for non-symmetrical envelopes composed principally of small dust grains. The moderately polarized stars exhibit higher K-W3 and W1-W3 colour indices compared with the group of lowly polarized stars suggesting a possible relation between DoP and mass-loss rate. Moreover, they are found to be systematically colder (redder in B-V), which may be associated with the condensation process close to these stars that results in higher degree of polarization. We also provide evidence that multiple scattering in optically thin polar outflows is the mechanism that gives high DoP in post-AGB stars with a bipolar or multi-polar envelopes.
The Importance of Transformational Leadership to Support Faculty Diversity in Our Nation’s Predominantly White Institutions of Higher Learning

Predominantly white institutions (PWIs) struggle to attract and retain underrepresented faculty. Despite aspirations for diversity, the reality remains that underrepresented faculty are not hired and retained in numbers sufficient to change the institution’s demographics. The leadership of PWIs strives for solutions to ameliorate the trend in recruitment, retention, and climate. The issue has gained even more significance recently due to the global coronavirus pandemic when layoffs, non-renewals, and hiring freezes have been widely imposed. This case examines how systemic leadership problems, mindsets, and climates keep PWIs at the status quo, and invites application of leadership and adult learning theories to develop a strategy for improving faculty diversity at PWIs.
Long-lived particles at the energy frontier: the MATHUSLA physics case

We examine the theoretical motivations for long-lived particle (LLP) signals at the LHC in a comprehensive survey of standard model (SM) extensions. LLPs are a common prediction of a wide range of theories that address unsolved fundamental mysteries such as naturalness, dark matter, baryogenesis and neutrino masses, and represent a natural and generic possibility for physics beyond the SM (BSM). In most cases the LLP lifetime can be treated as a free parameter from the m scale up to the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis limit of m. Neutral LLPs with lifetimes above 100 m are particularly difficult to probe, as the sensitivity of the LHC main detectors is limited by challenging backgrounds, triggers, and small acceptances. MATHUSLA is a proposal for a minimally instrumented, large-volume surface detector near ATLAS or CMS. It would search for neutral LLPs produced in HL-LHC collisions by reconstructing displaced vertices (DVs) in a low-background environment, extending the sensitivity of the main detectors by orders of magnitude in the long-lifetime regime. We study the LLP physics opportunities afforded by a MATHUSLA-like detector at the HL-LHC, assuming backgrounds can be rejected as expected. We develop a model-independent approach to describe the sensitivity of MATHUSLA to BSM LLP signals, and compare it to DV and missing energy searches at ATLAS or CMS. We then explore the BSM motivations for LLPs in considerable detail, presenting a large number of new sensitivity studies. While our discussion is especially oriented towards the long-lifetime regime at MATHUSLA, this survey underlines the importance of a varied LLP search program at the LHC in general. By synthesizing these results into a general discussion of the top–down and bottom-up motivations for LLP searches, it is our aim to demonstrate the exceptional strength and breadth of the physics case for the construction of the MATHUSLA detector.
Responses to validating versus reframing support strategies as a function of borderline personality features and interpersonal problems

Abstract We examined whether borderline personality features may be differentially associated with reactions to social support strategies involving validation (acknowledging distress as normal) vs. reframing (highlighting opportunities for positive outcomes). After completing self-report measures of their borderline personality features and interpersonal problems, participants rated their reactions to receiving either validation or reframing support (randomly assigned) from a close friend with whom they imagined sharing hypothetical negative experiences. Borderline personality features were associated with less positive responses to reframing than to validation, and a tendency to interpret reframing support as an assertion of dominance. Moderated mediation analyses further showed that associations between borderline features and negative responses to reframing support were specifically explained by hostile-dominant interpersonal problems. Findings highlight the importance of validation to help individuals high in borderline features experience the emotional benefits of social support.