Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lectin activity from the cattle tick (Boophilus microplus) saliva.

The capability of Boophilus microplus saliva (BmS) and lectins to induce immunosuppression in mice and to agglutinate erythrocytes from distinct animal species were compared. CD-1 mice were distributed into groups (two for each substance) of 4-5 animals/group and treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 50 mg and 150 mg of BmS; concanavalin A (Con A); potato's lectin (PL), striped bean lectin (SBL) or 0.1 ml of phosphate buffered saline (PBS). All mice were immunized i.p. with 2 x 108 sheep erythrocytes (SE) 48 hours after treatment. Five days after immunization sera was obtained from mice to determine anti-SE antibody titer by direct hemagglutination. The mean antibody titers (Log2) obtained was 5.5 and 4.2 for BmS, 4.4 and 0 for Con A, 5.2 and 4.8 for PL, 4.6 and 0 for SBL and 7.4 for PBS. BmS and lectins were tested to agglutinate mouse (M), rat (Rt), rabbit (Rb), sheep (S) and human A (HA), human B (HB) and human O (HO) erythrocytes. BmS agglutinated Rb, S, HA, HB and HO erythrocytes at titer (Log2) of 1, 1, 6, 1 and 2 respectively. Con A and PL agglutinated erythrocytes from all species tested, while SBL agglutinated M, S and HA erythrocytes. A 50% inhibition of agglutination of HA erythrocytes by BmS was observed when D(+) Galactosamine and D(+) Glucosamine, at 0.2 M, were used. The results obtained indicate that BmS contains a weak nonspecific lectin which is inhibited by aminated sugars, and that induces immunosuppression in mice as other lectins.
Nurses' Willingness to Report Medication Administration Errors in Saudi Arabia

Reporting of medication administration errors (MAEs) is one means by which health care facilities monitor their practice in an attempt to maintain the safest patient environment. This study examined the likelihood of registered nurses (RNs) reporting MAEs when working in Saudi Arabia. It also attempted to identify potential barriers in the reporting of MAE. This study found that 63% of RNs raised concerns about reporting of MAEs in Saudi Arabia—nursing administration was the largest impediment affecting nurses' willingness to report MAEs. Changing attitude to a non-blame system and implementation of anonymous reporting systems may encourage a greater reporting of MAEs.
Light Weight Asymmetric Cryptographic Algorithm for Financial Transactions through Mobile Application

Nowadays world is seen through mobile internet in a fraction of seconds, which invaded the need for many mobile applications. Financial transactions through mobile phones has become primitive mode of transactions. All these mobile applications including financial transactions demands for better security due to pervasive environment. In our work, we propose light weight Elliptical Curve Cryptographic method suitable for mobile applications. Elliptic curve point multiplication or scalar multiplication is the operation of adding a point P on the elliptic curve to itself successively scalar number of times. This paper describes an algorithm for light weight computation of scalar multiplication for elliptic curves defined over binary fields using projective coordinate system eliminating the need to perform inversions as needed with computations involving affine coordinates. It effectively incorporates fast computation method for binary elliptic curves by making use of Exclusive-OR gates. The effectiveness of the algorithm is measured both by Matlab simulation and Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation. Hardware implementation using Verilog proves that the proposed algorithm consumes less resources in terms of delay and power.
Consolidating in the present, with an eye to the future

The scientific literature has changed substantially over the last few decades. There has been a progressive migration to a model based on exclusive online platforms, even by traditional periodicals. In addition to reducing costs, the use of such platforms also increases the speed at which accepted articles gain exposure. In parallel with that, the appearance of an increasing number of journals has increased the portfolio of options for the publication of a given manuscript. However, the absolute majority of these new journals employ a paid submission model, which creates another type of barrier to publishing, particularly for novice researchers, whose sources of funding are more limited.Within the context of the scenario described above but respecting the fundamental objectives of the JBP,
A time-harmonic space/spectral-domain solution of the electromagnetic fields radiated by an arbitrary distribution of electric and magnetic currents in a three-dimensional Cartesian half-space

The radiation of current elements in the vicinity of a layered medium is of great importance in understanding systems where electromagnetic interaction with an interface leads to significant desirable or undesirable effects. The discussion involves an expansion on previous theories, such as those presented by A. Sommerfeld (see "Partial Differential Equations in Physics", Academic Press, chap. 6,1964) and R.W. P. King and G.S. Smith (see "Antennas in Matter: Fundamentals", MIT Press, chap.11,1981) for the radiation of current elements near an interface. The formulation of this novel technique closely follows the methodology developed by King and Smith to determine the fields radiated by an infinitesimal horizontally-oriented electric dipole in a half-space. However, certain modifications are made that provide a more general approach. These alterations permit formulation of the fields radiated by an arbitrary distribution of electric and magnetic current sources (either in the media or on the interface) in a half-space. A flaw in King and Smith's boundary condition equations becomes apparent using this novel technique.
Hash Embeddings for Efficient Word Representations

We present hash embeddings, an efficient method for representing words in a continuous vector form. A hash embedding may be seen as an interpolation between a standard word embedding and a word embedding created using a random hash function (the hashing trick). In hash embeddings each token is represented by $k$ $d$-dimensional embeddings vectors and one $k$ dimensional weight vector. The final $d$ dimensional representation of the token is the product of the two. Rather than fitting the embedding vectors for each token these are selected by the hashing trick from a shared pool of $B$ embedding vectors. Our experiments show that hash embeddings can easily deal with huge vocabularies consisting of millions of tokens. When using a hash embedding there is no need to create a dictionary before training nor to perform any kind of vocabulary pruning after training. We show that models trained using hash embeddings exhibit at least the same level of performance as models trained using regular embeddings across a wide range of tasks. Furthermore, the number of parameters needed by such an embedding is only a fraction of what is required by a regular embedding. Since standard embeddings and embeddings constructed using the hashing trick are actually just special cases of a hash embedding, hash embeddings can be considered an extension and improvement over the existing regular embedding types.
Learning, capability accumulation and firms differences: evidence from latecomer steel

This paper is concerned with the application of frameworks in order to explain how key features of the intra-firm learning processes influence inter-firm differences in technological capability accumulation in the late-industrializing or latecomer context. This relationship is examined in two of the largest steel firms in Brazil over their lifetimes of 40 and 60 years. These issues have been addressed, individually or together, in different studies of 'technological capability' and 'learning' in industrialized and latecomer firms. However, there is a scarcity of analytical frameworks and supporting empirical evidence to explore the practical implications of the underlying learning processes for inter-firm differences in technological capability-accumulation paths, particularly within the latecomer context. The framework for capability accumulation identifies different types and levels of technological capabilities. The framework for learning identifies four processes: external and internal knowledge acquisition, knowledge socialization, and knowledge codification. These are examined on the basis of key features: variety, intensity and functioning. Drawing on in-depth comparative case study methodology, the study has found that: (i) the technological capability accumulation paths followed by the two firms diverged and have proceeded at differing rates over time, and (ii) key features of the intra-firm learning processes have played a substantial part in influencing these differences. The paper suggests that, at least within large latecomer steel firms, purposeful, continuous and effective efforts to improve on key features of the underlying learning processes are likely to generate positive implications for the manner and rate of technological capability accumulation. Copyright 2003, Oxford University Press.
Pricing Carbon: The European Union Emissions Trading Scheme

List of figures List of tables List of boxes List of appendices Frequently used abbreviations 1. Introduction 2. Origins and development of the EU ETS 3. Allowance allocation 4. Effects of free allocation 5. Market development 6. Emissions abatement 7. Industrial competitiveness 8. Costs 9. Linkage and global implications 10. Conclusions 11. Annex: the interaction between the EU ETS and European electricity markets 12. Appendices 13. Bibliography Index.
Contention-free access protocol based energy-efficient transmission for wireless pans

Energy-efficient transmission technique is a very essential performance decision factor for maximizing the lifetime of energy-constrained wireless devices such as Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) devices. Moreover, if the WPAN is operated in conjunction with a TDMA based scheme, the assurance of QoS requirements in the actual physical transmission at each allocated time slot is another important factor to be satisfied. We therefore propose an energy-efficient and QoS aware transmission scheme for WPANs operating in conjunction with a TDMA-based contention-free medium access protocol. The proposed algorithm determines the optimum combination of transmit power, physical data rate (i.e. modulation level) and fragment size required to simultaneously minimize the energy consumption and satisfy the required QoS in each assigned time duration. The proposed algorithm demonstrated the improved performance results in terms of throughput and energy consumption via computer simulations.
Imperfect Information and Saving in a Small Open Economy

Emerging markets are more volatile and face different types of shocks, in size and nature, compared to their developed counterparts. Accurate identification of the stochastic properties of shocks is difficult. We show evidence suggesting that uncertainty about the underlying stochastic process is present in commodity prices. In addition, we build a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with informational frictions, which explicitly considers uncertainty about the nature of shocks. When formulating expectations, the economy assigns some probability to the shocks being temporary even if they are actually permanent. Parameter instability in the stochastic process implies that optimal saving levels (debt holdings) should be higher (lower) compared to a process with fixed parameters. Imperfect information about the nature of shocks matters when commodity GDP shares are high. Thus, economic policies based on misperception of the underlying regime can lead to substantial over/under saving with important associated costs.
Enterococcus faecalis PcfC, a Spatially Localized Substrate Receptor for Type IV Secretion of the pCF10 Transfer Intermediate

ABSTRACT Upon sensing of peptide pheromone, Enterococcus faecalis efficiently transfers plasmid pCF10 through a type IV secretion (T4S) system to recipient cells. The PcfF accessory factor and PcfG relaxase initiate transfer by catalyzing strand-specific nicking at the pCF10 origin of transfer sequence (oriT). Here, we present evidence that PcfF and PcfG spatially coordinate docking of the pCF10 transfer intermediate with PcfC, a membrane-bound putative ATPase related to the coupling proteins of gram-negative T4S machines. PcfC and PcfG fractionated with the membrane and PcfF with the cytoplasm, yet all three proteins formed several punctate foci at the peripheries of pheromone-induced cells as monitored by immunofluorescence microscopy. A PcfC Walker A nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) binding site mutant (K156T) fractionated with the E. faecalis membrane and also formed foci, whereas PcfC deleted of its N-terminal putative transmembrane domain (PcfCΔN103) distributed uniformly throughout the cytoplasm. Native PcfC and mutant proteins PcfCK156T and PcfCΔN103 bound pCF10 but not pcfG or ΔoriT mutant plasmids as shown by transfer DNA immunoprecipitation, indicating that PcfC binds only the processed form of pCF10 in vivo. Finally, purified PcfCΔN103 bound DNA substrates and interacted with purified PcfF and PcfG in vitro. Our findings support a model in which (i) PcfF recruits PcfG to oriT to catalyze T-strand nicking, (ii) PcfF and PcfG spatially position the relaxosome at the cell membrane to stimulate substrate docking with PcfC, and (iii) PcfC initiates substrate transfer through the pCF10 T4S channel by an NTP-dependent mechanism.
The Housing Tenure of Immigrants in Ireland: Some Preliminary Analysis

feature of the Irish economy in recent years has been the high net flow of people into the country. The analysis compares owner-occupancy by natives and immigrants in 1995 and 2004. The results show that immigrants have higher headship rates than the native population but have a much lower rate of owner-occupancy than natives and that the gap has widened over time. The longer an immigrant has been resident in Ireland the more likely they are to be homeowners. The changing mix of the immigrant population may be a contributing factor in explaining the widening gap.
Integrated Conservation and Development: Impacts on Households in a Philippine Park

Protected area strategies increasingly incorporate local forest inhabitants and aim to alleviate poverty. Common approaches include top-down integrated conservation and development projects, and alternative approaches characterized by decentralization, local participation, and community-based forest management. In the Philippines, these three characteristics are cornerstones of the state’s conservation agenda. This research examines state-led conservation initiatives in the Northern Negros Natural Park, Philippines. By identifying key distinctions among households living inside the Park and linking these to program outcomes, this article identifies major design and implementation challenges for efforts seeking to link conservation and development. Results indicate that current approaches achieve an economic win for a select few larger landholding households near to roads, but environmental requirements are not met and stakeholder participation in management is not realized. Expanding current approaches to include all households would likely result in increased deforestation or reduce areas of potential regeneration. As such, alternative strategies require exploration.
SCADA based under frequency load shedding integrated with rate of frequency decline

Speed and accuracy of under frequency load shedding (UFLS) has a vital role in its effectiveness for preserving system stability. In any case load-shedding still remains the ultimate resource for emergency condition. Initial rate of change of frequency is a fast and potentially useful signal to detect the overload when a disturbance happens. In order to improve the under-frequency load shedding performance, in this paper, a global load shedding scheme integrated with rate of frequency decline as an extra variable is proposed. The new SCADA based scheme is devised to overcome the shortcomings of previous adaptive UFLS procedures, and to provide a fast and yet reliable method to maintain system integrity. The paper first investigates the impact of relevant generator and system parameters on frequency behavior of generators following a disturbance. The proposed frequency load shedding scheme is then presented and simulated on a 39 bus test system
Emergent leadership paradigms for corporate sustainability: A proposed model

Leadership studies evolve as organisational contexts change. Under stable environments, the traditional leadership paradigms might have survived. With increases in complexity and dynamic business environment, the proliferation of traditional leadership paradigms (i.e. Classical and Transactional leadership) has been challenged. In the literature, organisations adopting emergent leadership paradigms (i.e. Visionary and Organic leadership) tend to be higher performing and capable of more effectively responding to environmental change than organisations adopting the traditional leadership paradigms. However, few published studies have specifically investigated the predicted relationship between Visionary and Organic leadership paradigms and corporate sustainability. More study of the role of mediating effects, particularly the roles played by in leadership-performance and corporate sustainability will be investigated. In this paper, the literature on leadership paradigms, organisational performance and corporate sustainability, and key mediating variables, particularly shared vision and values, self-leadership, an organisational team orientation and consensual decision-making, affecting their relationships is reviewed. Then a structural model is developed. Propositions and future direction are also discussed.
Rosuvastatin Demonstrates Greater Reduction of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Compared with Pravastatin and Simvastatin in Hypercholesterolaemic Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study

Background Rosuvastatin (Crestor), a new, highly efficacious statin, has demonstrated dose-dependent low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reductions of up to 65% in a dose-ranging programme with doses of 1 to 80 mg. Design A randomized, double-blind multicentre trial compared rosuvastatin with commonly used starting doses of pravastatin and simvastatin to determine relative efficacy in LDL-C reduction and impact on other lipid parameters in primary hypercholesterolaemia. Methods and results A total of 502 patients (≥ 18 years; LDL-C ≥ 4.14 mmol/l [160mg/dl] and <6.50mmol/l [250mg/dl] and triglycerides <4.52 mmol/l [400mg/dl]) were randomized to 12 weeks of rosuvastatin 5 mg (n=120) or 10mg (n=115), pravastatin 20 mg (n=137) or simvastatin 20 mg (n=130). Rosuvastatin 5 and 10mg reduced LDL-C by 42 and 49%, respectively, compared with 28% for pravastatin (P< 0.001 versus both rosuvastatin doses) and 37% for simvastatin (P<0.01 versus rosuvastatin 5mg; P < 0.001 versus 10mg). National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel II (NCEP ATP II) goals were achieved by 87% of rosuvastatin 10mg patients, 71% of rosuvastatin 5 mg patients, 53% of pravastatin patients, and 64% of simvastatin patients; similar proportions of patients achieved NCEP ATP III goals. European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) goals were achieved by 83, 63, 20 and 50% of patients, respectively. All study treatments were well tolerated. Conclusions Both doses of rosuvastatin were more effective than pravastatin and simvastatin in meeting NCEP ATP II and EAS LDL-C targets. Rosuvastatin 10mg was more effective than pravastatin and simvastatin in meeting NCEP ATP III targets.
Cyclin D1 and retinoblastoma protein expression in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

AIMS: To assess the immunoexpression of cyclin D1 and retinoblastoma in a cohort of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma cases from South Africa to see whether there is a relation between these two proteins. In addition, protein expression was correlated with clinicopathological features. METHODS: Fifty biopsies and 30 oesophagectomy specimens were immunostained with commercially available antibodies to cyclin D1 and retinoblastoma proteins, following microwave antigen retrieval. RESULTS: Twenty three of the 80 cases (29%) showed cyclin D1 protein expression. However, only five cases had > 50% of the tumour cells displaying immunopositivity. Three of the four cases with lymph node spread were cyclin D1 positive in the primary tumour and the metastasis. Fifty three cases were immunoreactive with the antiretinoblastoma antibody; 29 of these cases showing > 50% of cells with immunolabelling. Of the 23 cyclin D1 positive cases, 18 were also retinoblastoma positive. No correlation was observed between cyclin D1 and retinoblastoma protein expression and age, sex, race, or histological grade. CONCLUSIONS: Cyclin D1 is expressed in a minority of cases of oesophageal squamous carcinomas from South Africa. However, three of four cases with lymph node spread were cyclin D1 positive, thus indicating that cyclin D1 positive tumours may have a greater propensity for spread. In addition, 18 of 23 cyclin D1 positive cases also expressed retinoblastoma protein. These findings suggest a possible relation between cyclin D1 and retinoblastoma proteins in a proportion of cases of oesophageal squamous.
Oxygen cost of the CF-DND fire fit test in males and females.

The Department of National Defence employs a work-related test circuit comprising 10 various firefighting tasks (FF test) to assess the fitness of incumbent Canadian Forces firefighters. The main purpose of this study was to document the oxygen cost of the FF test over a wide range of performance times. These data were then used to predict the oxygen cost associated with the 8 min completion standard. Finally, we examined the influence of gender on selected physiological responses during the FF test. Thirty male and 23 female subjects practiced the test 3-5 times and then completed, in random order and on separate days, a maximal-effort trial while breathing with either a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or a portable metabolic measurement system (MMC). The breath-by-breath gas exchange data from the MMC were collapsed into a single value that represented the average oxygen cost for each participant to complete the work simulation. To calculate the average VO2 associated with the 8 min completion time, separate regression lines for test duration and average VO2 were generated for males and females. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that the regression lines for the male and female groups coincided, therefore all data were collapsed. The resulting regression equation predicted that the average VO2 associated with the 8 min standard was 34.1 (+/-4.0) mL.kg(-1). min(-1), and this value appears consistent with other research on the oxygen cost of firefighting. There was no evidence to suggest that the oxygen cost of meeting the 8 min standard was different for males or females.
Can Multisensorial Media Improve Learner Experience?

In recent years, the emerging immersive technologies (e.g. Virtual/Augmented Reality, multisensorial media) bring brand-new multi-dimensional effects such as 3D vision, immersion, vibration, smell, airflow, etc. to gaming, video entertainment and other aspects of human life. This paper reports results from an European Horizon 2020 research project on the impact of multisensoral media (mulsemedia) on educational learner experience. A mulsemedia-enhanced test-bed was developed to perform delivery of video content enhanced with haptic, olfaction and airflow effects. The results of the quality rating and questionnaires show significant improvements in terms of mulsemedia-enhanced teaching.