Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of Photodynamic Therapy as a Possible Therapeutic Alternative in the Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer in individuals with fair skin type (I–II) and steadily increasing in incidence (70% of skin malignancy). It is locally invasive but metastasis is usually very rare, with an estimated incidence of 0.0028%–0.55%. Conventional therapy is surgery, especially for the H region of the face and infiltrative lesions; in case of inoperable tumors, radiotherapy is a valid option. Recently, topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become an effective treatment in the management of superficial and small nodular BCC. PDT is a minimally invasive procedure that involves the administration of a photo-sensibilizing agent followed by irradiation at a pre-defined wavelength; this determines the creation of reactive oxygen species that specifically destroy target cells. The only major side effect is pain, reported by some patients during the irradiation. The high cure rate and excellent cosmetic outcome requires considering this possibility for the management of patients with both sporadic and hereditary BCC. In this article, an extensive review of the recent literature was made, in order to clarify the role of PDT as a possible alternative therapeutic option in the treatment of BCC.
Xanthan gum stabilized PEGylated gold nanoparticles for improved delivery of curcumin in cancer

In recent years, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have received immense interest in various biomedical applications including drug delivery, photothermal ablation of cancer and imaging agent for cancer diagnosis. However, the synthesis of AuNPs poses challenges due to the poor reproducibility and stability of the colloidal system. In the present work, we developed a one step, facile procedure for the synthesis of AuNPs from hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) hydrate (HAuCl4. 3H2O) by using ascorbic acid and xanthan gum (XG) as reducing agent and stabilizer, respectively. The effect of concentrations of HAuCl4, 3H2O, ascorbic acid and methoxy polyethylene glycol-thiol (mPEG800-SH) were optimized and it was observed that stable AuNPs were formed at concentrations of 0.25 mM, 50 μM and 1 mM for HAuCl4.3H2O, ascorbic acid, and mPEG800-SH, respectively. The XG stabilized, deep red wine colored AuNPs (XG-AuNPs) were obtained by drop-wise addition of aqueous solution of ascorbic acid (50 mM) and XG (1.5 mg ml−1). Synthesized XG-AuNPs showed λmax at 540 nm and a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 80 ± 3 nm. PEGylation was performed with mPEG800-SH to obtain PEGylated XG-AuNPs (PX-AuNPs) and confirmed by Ellman’s assay. No significant shift observed in λmax and hydrodynamic diameter between XG-AuNPs and PX-AuNPs. Colloidal stability of PX-AuNPs was studied in normal saline, buffers within a pH range of 1.2–7.4, DMEM complete medium and in normal storage condition at 4 ˚C. Further, water soluble curcumin was prepared using PVP-K30 as solid dispersion and loaded on to PX-AuNPs (CPX-AuNPs), and evaluated for cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in Murine melanoma (B16F10) cells. Time and concentration dependent studies using CPX-AuNPs showed efficient uptake and decreased cell viability compared to free curcumin.
A study about dynamic intelligent network security systems to decrease by malicious traffic

Firewall and IPS(Intrusion Prevention System) do packet filtering as compare with the filtering rules that set up at security policies. This paper presents dynamic new plans to decrease by harm malice traffic for strengthening network security. It is the ways which designed at these papers. 1) The bypass passage that, first of all, is an enemy of authenticated packet at external routing. 2) Attack detection of an external router. 3) Bandwidth expansion. 4) It is attack information delivery to connected security system. 5) A generation of a filter. 6) Filtering rules setup of IPS and Firewall 7) Dynamic update of blocking filter 8 ) Dynamic network security system formation. Confirmed that it was to intelligent security system to decrease dynamic malice traffic through application of an idea about this way and the network test results at the paper.
Exploring the impact of sleep‐related impairments on the perceived general health and retention intent of an Emergency Medical Services (EMS) sample

Purpose – Little research has been done in studying the impact of sleep‐related impairments on the perceived health and retention intent of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) workers. This paper aims to fill some of the gaps.Design/methodology/approach – This study used a time‐lagged research design to test the impact of three sleep impairments measured in 2005, i.e. sleepiness, relationship difficulty due to sleepiness, and general activity difficulty due to sleepiness, on perceived general health measured in 2006 and 2007, and 2007 intent to leave the EMS profession. Background and work‐related variables, also measured in 2005, were controlled for. A total of 288 complete data EMS repeat‐respondents constituted the study sample across the three years. Although this was only a very small percentage of the total number of respondents, this sample was found to be demographically representative of the incomplete data respondents.Findings – The three‐sleep impairment variable set had a collective significant ad.
Serotype IX, a Proposed New Streptococcus agalactiae Serotype

ABSTRACT We identified three isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus [GBS]), of human origin, which failed to react with antisera against any of the nine known GBS serotypes. Polyclonal rabbit antisera raised against these isolates and standard GBS typing sera were used in capillary precipitation and Ouchterlony tests to compare the strains with known GBS serotype reference strains. All three previously nontypeable isolates reacted with all three new antisera, producing lines of identity in the Ouchterlony test. Weak cross-reactions with antisera against several GBS serotypes were observed but were removed by absorption with corresponding antigens. The new antisera were used to test 227 GBS isolates that had been nontypeable or difficult to type using standard antisera. Of these, five reacted with the new antisera. These results suggested that all eight isolates belong to the previously unrecognized GBS serotype. They were tested by Western blotting for the Cα and Cβ proteins and by PCR to identify molecular serotypes and surface protein antigen genes. Two segments of the cps gene cluster (3′ end of cpsE-cpsF and 5′ end of cpsG, approximately 700 bp; 3′ end of cpsH and 5′ end of cpsM, approximately 560 bp) were sequenced. All eight isolates expressed Cα, and seven expressing the Cβ protein and the corresponding genes, bca and bac, respectively, were identified. They all share the same, unique partial cps sequence. These results indicate that these eight isolates represent a new S. agalactiae serotype, which we propose should be designated serotype IX.
On the completeness of compositional reasoning methods

Hardware systems and reactive software systems can be described as the composition of several concurrently active processes. Automated reasoning based on model checking algorithms can substantially increase confidence in the overall reliability of a system. Direct methods for model checking a concurrent composition, however, usually suffer from the explosion in the number of program states that arises from concurrency. Reasoning compositionally about individual processes helps mitigate this problem. A number of rules have been proposed for compositional reasoning, typically based on an assume-guarantee reasoning paradigm. Reasoning with these rules can be delicate, as some are syntactically circular in nature, in that assumptions and guarantees are mutually dependent. This is known to be a source of unsoundness. In this article, we investigate rules for compositional reasoning from the viewpoint of completeness. We show that several rules are incomplete: that is, there are properties whose validity cannot be established using (only) these rules. We derive a new, circular, reasoning rule and show it to be sound and complete. We show that the auxiliary assertions needed for completeness need be defined only on the interface of the component processes. We also show that the two main paradigms of circular and noncircular reasoning are closely related, in that a proof of one type can be transformed in a straightforward manner to one of the other type. These results give some insight into the applicability of compositional reasoning methods.
Regulatable Arabinose-Inducible Gene Expression System with Consistent Control in All Cells of a Culture

ABSTRACT The arabinose-inducible promoter PBAD is subject to all-or-none induction, in which intermediate concentrations of arabinose give rise to subpopulations of cells that are fully induced and uninduced. To construct a host-vector expression system with regulatable control in a homogeneous population of cells, thearaE gene of Escherichia coli was cloned into an RSF1010-derived plasmid under control of the isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside-induciblePtac and Ptaclacpromoters. This gene encodes the low-affinity, high-capacity arabinose transport protein and is controlled natively by an arabinose-inducible promoter. To detect the effect of arabinose-independentaraE expression on population homogeneity and cell-specific expression, the gfpuv gene was placed under control of the arabinose-inducible araBAD promoter (PBAD) on the pMB1-derived plasmid pBAD24. The transporter and reporter plasmids were transformed into E. coli strains with native arabinose transport systems and strains deficient in one or both of the arabinose transport systems (araE and/or araFGH). The effects of the arabinose concentration and arabinose-independent transport control on population homogeneity were investigated in these strains using flow cytometry. The araE, and araE araFGHmutant strains harboring the transporter and reporter plasmids were uniformly induced across the population at all inducer concentrations, and the level of gene expression in individual cells varied with arabinose concentration. In contrast, the parent strain, which expressed the native araE and araFGH genes and harbored the transporter and reporter plasmids, exhibited all-or-none behavior. This work demonstrates the importance of including a transport gene that is controlled independently of the inducer to achieve regulatable and consistent induction in all cells of the culture.
Research on Forecasting Method of Balance Treasure Fund Flow

Capital inflow and outflow is very important for the survival of financial companies. This paper analyzes the data flowing out and out of some users of the balance. The use of more than 28,000 users of the balance in 14 months according to operating records, the user will be separated from large users, the remaining users by operating frequency is divided into inactive users, more active users, active users, ultra-active users. The ARIMA model is used to model the five classes respectively. Finally, the prediction results of the classification are obtained. There are significant differences in the inflow and outflow patterns of these five categories of people. The results of classification prediction are better than the overall forecast in the prediction of capital inflow.
Comparison between the Phase Shifts of the Electromagnetic Waves due to Moist Snow and Wet Snow

Based on the point matching technique, the phase shift of the electromagnetic waves due to two types of snow is computed. The analysis is restricted to the forward-scattering direction from oblate spheroidal moist and dry snow. Numerical results are obtained for two orthogonal polarizations of the incident wave. The calculations are made for various microwave frequencies, between 6 and 100 GHz, and also for different precipitation rates, between 0.5 and 3 mm/hr. The effect of the frequency and the precipitation rate on the phase shift for both types of snow is examined. It is found that at a fixed value of the precipitation rate, the phase shift of both polarizations for both types of snow increases with increasing frequency up to a value, fmax , beyond which the phase shift decreases with increasing frequency. The phase shift of moist snow is always greater than the phase shift of wet snow. It is also observed that at a fixed frequency, less than fmax, the phase shift of both polarizations for both types of snow increases with increasing precipitation rate and the phase shift of moist snow is greater than the phase shift of wet snow. The differential phase shift of both types is also observed to follow the same trend as the phase shift over the same frequency range and precipitation rates
Switching Off and On of Synaptic Sites atAplysia Sensorimotor Synapses

Using the highly plastic synapses between mechanoreceptor sensory neurons and siphon motor neurons of Aplysia as a model, we have investigated whether switching off and on of individual synaptic release sites is a strategy that is used by neurons in forms of short-term synaptic modulation with a time course of minutes to hours. We have modified some of the techniques of classical quantal analysis and examined the kinetics of synaptic depression under different stimulation protocols to answer this question. Our analysis shows that both synaptic depression caused by homosynaptic activity and synaptic facilitation induced by an endogenous facilitatory transmitter occur by means of the shutting off and turning on, respectively, of synaptic sites, without intermediate changes in the probability of release. Our findings imply that other forms of plasticity at these synapses, such as post-tetanic potentiation, long-term facilitation, and long-term potentiation, are also expressed by all-or-none changes in activity at individual sites. We thus show that in addition to the mechanisms of synaptic integration that are known to operate in single cells and networks, neurons can exercise a further layer of fine control, at the level of individual release sites.
Ocean acidification erodes crucial auditory behaviour in a marine fish

Ocean acidification is predicted to affect marine ecosystems in many ways, including modification of fish behaviour. Previous studies have identified effects of CO2-enriched conditions on the sensory behaviour of fishes, including the loss of natural responses to odours resulting in ecologically deleterious decisions. Many fishes also rely on hearing for orientation, habitat selection, predator avoidance and communication. We used an auditory choice chamber to study the influence of CO2-enriched conditions on directional responses of juvenile clownfish (Amphiprion percula) to daytime reef noise. Rearing and test conditions were based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predictions for the twenty-first century: current-day ambient, 600, 700 and 900 µatm pCO2. Juveniles from ambient CO2-conditions significantly avoided the reef noise, as expected, but this behaviour was absent in juveniles from CO2-enriched conditions. This study provides, to our knowledge, the first evidence that ocean acidification affects the auditory response of fishes, with potentially detrimental impacts on early survival.
Integrated controller for an over-constrained cable driven parallel manipulator: KNTU CDRPM

This paper presents an approach to the control of the KNTU CDRPM using an integrated control scheme. The goal in this approach is achieving accurate trajectory tracking while assuring positive tension in the cables. By the proposed controller, the inherent nonlinear behavior of the cable and the target tracking errors are simultaneously compensated. In this paper asymptotic stability analysis of the close loop system is studied in detail. Moreover, it is shown that the integrated control strategy reduces the tracking error by 80% compared to that of a single loop controller in the considered manipulator. The closed-loop performance of the control topology is analyzed by a simulation study that is performed on the manipulator. The simulation study verifies that the proposed controller is not only promising to be implemented on the KNTU CDRPM, but also being suitable for other cable driven manipulators.
Diagnosis, treatment and follow up of neonatal arrhythmias

Summary Objective This study aimed to evaluate the aetiology, spectrum, course and outcomes of neonates with arrhythmias observed in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit from 2007 to 2012. Methods Neonates with rhythm problems were included. The results of electrocardiography (ECG), Holter ECG, echocardiography and biochemical analysis were evaluated. The long-term results of follow up were reviewed. Results Forty-five patients were male (68%) and 21 (32%) were female. Fifty-five patients (83.3%) were term, 11 (16.6%) were preterm, and 34% were diagnosed in the prenatal period. Twenty cases (30.3%) had congenital heart disease. Twenty-three patients (34.8%) were diagnosed during the foetal period. The most common arrhythmias were supraventricular ectopic beats and supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) at 39.3 and 22.7%, respectively. SVT recurred in five patients after the neonatal period. Conclusion Supraventricular ectopic beats and SVT were the most common arrhythmias during the neonatal period. Although the prognosis of arrhythmias in the neonatal period is relatively good, regular monitoring is required.
ASYMPTOTIC ANALYSIS OF MULTISCALE APPROXIMATIONS TO REACTION NETWORKS

A reaction network is a chemical system involving multiple reactions and chemical species. Stochastic models of such networks treat the system as a continuous time Markov chain on the number of molecules of each species with reactions as possible transitions of the chain. In many cases of biological interest some of the chemical species in the network are present in much greater abundance than others and reaction rate constants can vary over several orders of magnitude. We consider approaches to approximation of such models that take the multiscale nature of the system into account. Our primary example is a model of a cell's viral infection for which we apply a combination of averaging and law of large number arguments to show that the ``slow'' component of the model can be approximated by a deterministic equation and to characterize the asymptotic distribution of the ``fast'' components. The main goal is to illustrate techniques that can be used to reduce the dimensionality of much more complex models.
Evaluation for West Nile Virus (WNV) RNA in urine of patients within 5 months of WNV infection.

To the Editor—Gibney et al recently reported finding no West Nile virus (WNV) RNA in urine samples collected from 40 patients at 6.5–6.7 years after acute WNV disease [1]. These findings were in contrast to Murray et al, who detected WNV RNA in urine samples collected from 5 of 25 patients (20%) at 1.6–6.7 years after their initial infections [2]. We present results from a prospective evaluation of WNV RNA in urine specimens collected from 63 persons within 5 months after their acute WNV infection. During the 2010 WNV outbreak in Maricopa County, Arizona, we identified persons with laboratory evidence of acute WNV infection, including detection of WNV immunoglobulin M antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with a clinically compatible illness or WNV RNA in serum samples from asymptomatic blood donors. Information on demographic characteristics, medical history, current medications, and clinical illness was obtained by medical record review and interview with patients or their surrogate. A urine sample was collected during a site visit. The study was approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) human subjects review boards, and participants provided informed consent before enrollment. Immediately after collection, urine specimens were separated into 3 aliquots, frozen on dry ice, and transported at the end of each study day to ADHS, where they were stored for #7 weeks at 270°C before being batch-shipped to the CDC. Urine samples were tested for WNV RNA by using both reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and transcription-mediated amplification (TMA), as previously described [1, 3, 4]. In addition, we added an internal RNA control (Dengue virus type 2) to each urine specimen to assess for potential inhibitory components [1]. Of the 63 enrolled participants, 35 (56%) were male, and the median age was 52 years (range, 15–83 years) (Table 1). Thirty-two participants (51%) were classified as having WNV neuroinvasive disease (ie, meningitis, encephalitis, or acute flaccid paralysis), and 26 (41%) reported $1 underlying medical condition. The median time from onset of clinical signs for WNV disease cases or blood donation for viremic donors to urine collection was 90 days (range, 18–129 days). Urine was collected either as a clean-catch specimen (60 of 63 [95%]) or from an indwelling catheter (3 of 63 [5%]). Urine specimens from all 63 participants tested negative for WNV RNA by RT-PCR. One (1.6%) tested positive by TMA; urine …
Diabetic Charcot's Arthropathy of the Wrist: Case Report and Literature Review

Charcot's arthropathy of the right wrist in a 55-year-old patient with diabetes is reported. Neurogenic arthropathy rarely affects non-weightbearing joints such as those of the hand and wrist; the foot, ankle, and knee most commonly are affected. When crutches are used by patients with diabetes who have Charcot's arthropathy, orthotics and platform crutches can help to relieve pressure induced by weight transfer to the wrist during ambulation.
Physiology, regulation and multifunctional activity of the gut wall: a rationale for multicompartmental modelling

A rationale is given for a modelling approach to identify the mechanisms involved in the functioning and metabolic activity of tissues in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. Maintenance and productive functions are discussed and related to the distinct compartments of the gastrointestinal tract and the metabolic costs involved. Functions identified are: tissue turnover; tissue proliferation; ion transport; nutrient transport; secretions of digestive enzymes, mucus and immunoglobulins; production of immune cells. The major nutrients involved include glucose, amino acids and volatile fatty acids. In vivo measurements of net portal fluxes of these nutrients in pigs and ruminants are evaluated to illustrate the complexity of physiology and metabolic activity of the gastrointestinal tract. Experimental evidence indicates that high, but variable and specific, nutrient costs are involved in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
Focalism and the Failure to Foresee Unintended Consequences

From drug policy to environmental initiatives, well-intentioned actions have often led to dramatic unintended consequences. The present research demonstrates that individuals focus on what is intended in a way that leads them to not sufficiently consider important unintended consequences. Participants fail to sufficiently weight the unintended consequences of attempts to satisfy preferences in a computer simulation (Study 1). Focus on intended consequences, and the resulting error in prediction, is reduced when the interrelatedness of variables within a system is highlighted (Studies 2 and 3). This research can inform means of improving predictions within complex systems.