Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intracerebral haemorrhage after thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke: an update

Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) still represents the most feared complication of thrombolysis. Our aim was to review the literature regarding clinical, biological and imaging predictors of ICH following thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke. Relevant studies were identified through a search in Pubmed, using the following key words: “intracerebral”, “haemorrhage”, “stroke” and “thrombolytic”. The query was limited to studies published in the English literature. The reference lists of all relevant articles were reviewed to identify additional studies. The main predictors of clinically significant ICH were age, clinical stroke severity, as assessed by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score on admission, high blood pressure, hyperglycaemia, early CT changes, large baseline diffusion lesion volume and leukoaraiosis on MRI. The contribution of biomarkers in the prediction of the ICH risk is currently under evaluation. Available data on patients with limited number of microbleeds on pretreatment gradient echo MRI sequences suggest safe use of thrombolysis. ICH after stroke thrombolysis is a complex and heterogeneous phenomenon, which involves numerous parameters whose knowledge remains partial. To minimise the risk of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) related symptomatic ICH, careful attention must be given to the pre-therapeutic glycaemia value, and a strict protocol for the control of elevated blood pressure is needed during the first 24 h. Future research should focus on predictors of severe intracerebral haemorrhagic complications (parenchymal haematomas type 2 according to the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS) classification). The input of multimodal MRI and biological predictors of ICH deserves further investigation.
Incremental graph pattern matching

Graph pattern matching is commonly used in a variety of emerging applications such as social network analysis. These applications highlight the need for studying the following two issues. First, graph pattern matching is traditionally defined in terms of subgraph isomorphism or graph simulation. These notions, however, often impose too strong a topological constraint on graphs to identify meaningful matches. Second, in practice a graph is typically large, and is frequently updated with small changes. It is often prohibitively expensive to recompute matches starting from scratch via batch algorithms when the graph is updated. This article studies these two issues. (1) We propose to define graph pattern matching based on a notion of bounded simulation, which extends graph simulation by specifying the connectivity of nodes in a graph within a predefined number of hops. We show that bounded simulation is able to find sensible matches that the traditional matching notions fail to catch. We also show that matching via bounded simulation is in cubic time, by giving such an algorithm. (2) We provide an account of results on incremental graph pattern matching, for matching defined with graph simulation, bounded simulation, and subgraph isomorphism. We show that the incremental matching problem is unbounded, that is, its cost is not determined alone by the size of the changes in the input and output, for all these matching notions. Nonetheless, when matching is defined in terms of simulation or bounded simulation, incremental matching is semibounded, that is, its worst-time complexity is bounded by a polynomial in the size of the changes in the input, output, and auxiliary information that is necessarily maintained to reuse previous computation, and the size of graph patterns. We also develop incremental matching algorithms for graph simulation and bounded simulation, by minimizing unnecessary recomputation. In contrast, matching based on subgraph isomorphism is neither bounded nor semibounded. (3) We experimentally verify the effectiveness and efficiency of these algorithms, and show that: (a) the revised notion of graph pattern matching allows us to identify communities commonly found in real-life networks, and (b) the incremental algorithms substantially outperform their batch counterparts in response to small changes. These suggest a promising framework for real-life graph pattern matching.
Unpopular Addresses Should Not Pollute the Cache

The "popularity" of a memory word is the fraction of references to this word over the total of memory references in the execution of a program. In this paper we formally define the metric \emph{popularity of reference} and explain the reference patterns of the CommBench programs in terms of this metric. Our measurements indicate that embedded applications often exhibit a highly skewed distribution of popularity: a few thousand words are very popular while the rest of the data are referenced relatively few times. Based on the reference distribution profiles we discuss the allocation of data onto the top levels of the memory systems for embedded systems.
Costs and Benefits of Jasmonic Acid Induced Responses in Soybean

ABSTRACT In response to herbivory, plants have evolved defense strategies to reduce herbivore preference and performance. A strategy whereby defenses are induced only upon herbivory can mitigate costs of defense when herbivores are scarce. Although costs and benefits of induced responses are generally assumed, empirical evidence for many species is lacking. Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) has emerged as a model species with which to address questions about induced responses. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the fitness costs and benefits of jasmonic acid-induced responses by soybean in the absence and presence of soybean loopers (Chrysodeix includens Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). In a greenhouse experiment we demonstrated that soybean induction was costly. Induced plants produced 10.1% fewer seeds that were 9.0% lighter, and had 19.2% lower germination rates than noninduced plants. However, induction provided only modest benefits to soybeans. In a choice experiment, soybean loopers significantly preferred leaves from noninduced plants, consuming 62% more tissue than from induced plants. Soybean loopers that fed on plants that were previously subjected to treatment with jasmonic acid matured at the same rate and to the same size as those that fed on control plants. However, at high conspecific density, soybean looper survivorship was reduced by 44% on previously induced relative to control plants. Reduced soybean looper preference and survivorship did not translate into fitness benefits for soybeans. Our findings support theoretical predictions of costly induced defenses and highlight the importance of considering the environmental context in studies of plant defense.
E ects of Cache Size on Data Access for WirelessApplication ProtocolYi-Bing LinDept

Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) was developed to support eecient wireless data access. Since data transmission capacity of wireless link is limited, a caching model was proposed for WAP to reduce the data access time. Since many WAP applications exhibit temporal locality for data access, the cache in a WAP handset can eeectively reduce the data access time by exploiting this property. This paper investigates the cache performance for WAP handsets. We consider the least recently used replacement policy and two strongly consistent data access algorithms called poll-each-read and callback. An analytic model is proposed to derive the eeective hit ratio of data access. Our study indicates that callback may signiicantly outperform poll-each-read. We also report how the data access rate and the data update distribution aaect the cache performance in a WAP handset.
Using a Goal-Agenda and Committed Actions in Real-Time Planning

In the context of real-time planning, this paper investigates the contributions of two enhancements for selecting actions. First, the agenda-driven planning enhancement ranks relevant atomic goals and solves them incrementally in a best-first manner. Second, the committed actions enhancement commits a sequence of actions to be executed at the following time steps. To assess these two enhancements, we developed a real-time planning algorithm in which action selection can be driven by a goal-agenda, and committed actions can be done. Experimental results, performed on classical planning problems, show that agenda-planning and committed actions are clear advantages in the real-time context. Used simultaneously, they enable the planner to be several orders of magnitude faster and solution plans to be shorter.
The epidemiology and etiology of azoospermia

The misconception that infertility is typically associated with the female is commonly faced in the management of infertile men. It is uncommon for a patient to present for an infertility evaluation with an abnormal semen analysis report before an extensive female partner workup has been performed. Additionally, a man is usually considered fertile based only on seminal parameters without a physical exam. This behavior may lead to a delay in both the exact diagnosis and in possible specific infertility treatment. Moreover, male factor infertility can result from an underlying medical condition that is often treatable but could possibly be life-threatening. The responsibility of male factor in couple's infertility has been exponentially rising in recent years due to a comprehensive evaluation of reproductive male function and improved diagnostic tools. Despite this improvement in diagnosis, azoospermia is always the most challenging topic associated with infertility treatment. Several conditions that interfere with spermatogenesis and reduce sperm production and quality can lead to azoospermia. Azoospermia may also occur because of a reproductive tract obstruction. Optimal management of patients with azoospermia requires a full understanding of the disease etiology. This review will discuss in detail the epidemiology and etiology of azoospermia. A thorough literature survey was performed using the Medline, EMBASE, BIOSIS, and Cochrane databases. We restricted the survey to clinical publications that were relevant to male infertility and azoospermia. Many of the recommendations included are not based on controlled studies.
Prediction of Interstitial Glucose Level

Glucose is an important source of energy for cells. In clinical practice, we measure glucose level in blood and interstitial fluid. Each method has its pros and cons, and both levels correlate with each other. As the body tries to maintain the glucose level within a particular range to avoid adverse effects, it is desirable to predict future glucose levels in order to aid provided health care. We can see this desire in research, e.g., research on glucose transporters of cells. As yet another example, we can see it with diabetic patients, patients in a metabolic intensive care unit, particularly. In this paper, a glucose level prediction method is proposed.
The effect of Under and over Refractive correction of myopia on Binocular Visual acuity and Heterophoria

The purpose of the study isto know the effect of the type of refractive correction on binocular visual acuity and heterophoria.Convenient sampling method was used. The subjects comprised of 20 Malaysians ages 18-30. This research was done by using a crossed sectional method.Relevant demographic and clinical data were obtained. Data were analysed by using Friedman test to investigate the effect of under and over correction of refractive error on binocular visual acuity and heterophoria. Post hoc analysis was carried out to observe the differences among groups. Influence over binocular VA (p<0.001) and near phoria (p=0.029) were significant, for under corrected subjects. There is mean reduction in binocular visual acuity of 0.75 log unit for under corrected subjects.Over correction had no significant effect on Binocular visual acuity (p=0.157) but had significant effect on near phoria (p<0.001). On the other hand under correction of refractive error had significant effect on the binocular visual acuity and near phoria but no effect over distance phoria. Furthermore Under correction of myopia patient will create a deviation towards exophoric direction whereas overcorrection of myopia will create a deviation toward esophoric direction.
Resiliencia. Una visión positiva para la prevención e intervención desde los Servicios Sociales

La Resiliencia, a diferencia de lo que habitualmente es percibido, no es algo extraordinario, sino que aparece de manera muy habitual entre individuos que viven en situaciones de exclusion, riesgo, o adversidad, permitiendo a estos, la normalizacion de sus situaciones. Definida desde la Psicologia Positiva, consideramos que la Resiliencia puede proporcionar informacion muy valiosa para trabajar en prevencion e intervencion en situaciones de adversidad, riesgo y exclusion.
Das Geld, die Einsamkeit und der Schmerz

Schmerzensgeld bekommt jemand, der aufgrund des Verschuldens eines anderen Schmerzen erleiden musste und den man dafür gewissermaßen entschädigen möchte. Die Relationen sind sehr abstrakt: Wie viel ist ein gebrochener Arm wert? Dem 10-jährigen Schuljungen oder dem 35-jährigen Pianisten? Oder: Was kostet ein Tag Kopfschmerz? Fragt man die Menschen, so können sie es nicht beantworten, hängt doch die Antwort ganz davon ab, ob es um Schmerzen geht, die man jetzt gerade hat oder um Schmerzen, die man vielleicht zukünftig einmal erleiden wird. Wer jetzt schreckliche Zahnschmerzen hat, der gibt ein Königreich für einen guten Zahnarzt. Eine ganz andere Sache ist es, abzuwägen, welche Versicherung ich abschließe und welche gesundheitlichen oder zahnheilkundlichen Tatbestände die Versicherung abdeckt oder welche nicht. Genau hieran krankt ja unser Gesundheitssystem: Jeder Kranke bezahlt „alles“, um wieder gesund zu werden. Gesunde hingegen fahren lieber schon mal in die Türkei, um dort für das Geld eines künstlichen Zahns auch noch zwei Wochen zusätzlich Urlaub zu machen. Es ist mittlerweile sogar wissenschaftlich nachgewiesen, dass der Mechanismus des Marktes zur Bestimmung von Preisen für die Behandlung von Schmerzen nicht funktioniert (7): Der Markt funktioniert deswegen nicht, weil der Preis, den Gesunde für die Behandlung möglichen Leidens bezahlen würden, ein ganz anderer ist als derjenige, den Kranke tatsächlich bezahlen. Geld macht einsam. – So war der Titel einer in dieser Zeitschrift erschienenen Übersichtsarbeit (6) zu neun in der Fachzeitschrift Science publizierten Experimenten, in denen Folgendes nachgewiesen werden konnte: Die Aktualisierung bzw. Aktivierung von Gedanken an Geld führt zu dissozialen bzw. antisozialen Tendenzen. Man sucht weniger Hilfe, gibt weniger Hilfe, hält die anderen lieber auf Distanz und ist lieber alleine als in der Gemeinschaft. Der dahinter steckende Gedanke ist in etwa der, dass Geld eng mit eigener Stärke und daher mit Macht (über andere) sowie mit Unabhängigkeit (von anderen) verbunden ist. Wenn ich Geld habe, brauche ich niemanden anzubetteln, und ich brauche mich nicht auf andere zu verlassen, denn ich bin unabhängig.
Tumor Suppressor Activity of AP2α Mediated through a Direct Interaction with p53*

The AP2 transcription factor family is a set of developmentally regulated, retinoic acid inducible genes composed of four related factors, AP2α, AP2β, AP2γ, and AP2δ. AP2 factors orchestrate a variety of cell processes including apoptosis, cell growth, and tissue differentiation during embryogenesis. In studies of primary malignancies, AP2α has been shown to function as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer, colon cancer, and malignant melanoma. In cell culture models, overexpression of AP2α inhibits cell division and stable colony formation, whereas, a dominant-negative AP2α mutant increases invasiveness and tumorigenicity. Here we show that AP2α targets the p53 tumor suppressor protein. Studies with chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrate that AP2α is brought to p53 binding sites in p53-regulated promoters. The interaction between AP2α and p53 augments p53-mediated transcriptional activation, which results in up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1. AP2α is able to induce G1 and G2 cell cycle arrest only in the presence of wild-type p53. Thus, we conclude that the tumor suppressor activity of AP2α is mediated through a direct interaction with p53. These results also provide a mechanism to explain patterns of gene expression in cancers where AP2α is known to function as a tumor suppressor.
Bounds on the capacity of the relay channel with noncausal state information at source

We consider a three-terminal state-dependent relay channel with the channel state available non-causally at only the source. Such a model may be of interest for node cooperation in the framework of cognition, i.e., collaborative signal transmission involving cognitive and non-cognitive radios. We study the capacity of this communication model. One principal problem in this setup is caused by the relay's not knowing the channel state. In the discrete memoryless (DM) case, we establish lower bounds on channel capacity. For the Gaussian case, we derive lower and upper bounds on the channel capacity. The upper bound is strictly better than the cut-set upper bound. We show that one of the developed lower bounds comes close to the upper bound, asymptotically, for certain ranges of rates.
Comparative Effectiveness of Blood Pressure-lowering Drugs in Patients who have Already Suffered From Stroke

AbstractHypertension is the most important risk factor for stroke and stroke recurrence. However, the preferred blood pressure (BP)-lowering drug class for patients who have suffered from a stroke has yet to be determined.To investigate the relative effects of BP-lowering therapies [angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), &bgr; blockers, calcium channel blockers (CCBs), diuretics, and combinations of these drugs] in patients with a prior stroke history, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis using both traditional frequentist and Bayesian random-effects models and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the outcomes of recurrent stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), and any major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). Trials were identified from searches of published hypertension guidelines, electronic databases, and previous systematic reviews.Fifteen RCTs composed of 39,329 participants with previous stroke were identified. Compared with the placebo, only ACEI along with diuretics significantly reduced recurrent stroke events [odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95% credibility interval (95% CI) 0.33–0.90]. On the basis of the distribution of posterior probabilities, the treatment ranking consistently identified ACEI along with diuretics as the preferred BP-lowering strategy for the reduction of recurrent stroke and CHD (31% and 35%, respectively). For preventing MACCE, diuretics appeared to be the preferred agent for stroke survivors (34%). Moreover, the meta-regression analysis failed to demonstrate a statistical significance between BP reduction and all outcomes (P = 0.1618 for total stroke, 0.4933 for CHD, and 0.2411 for MACCE). Evidence from RCTs supports the use of diuretics-based treatment, especially when combined with ACEI, for the secondary prevention of recurrent stroke and any vascular events in patients who have suffered from stroke.
Intraindividual variability in reaction time predicts cognitive outcomes 5 years later.

OBJECTIVE Building on results suggesting that intraindividual variability in reaction time (inconsistency) is highly sensitive to even subtle changes in cognitive ability, this study addressed the capacity of inconsistency to predict change in cognitive status (i.e., cognitive impairment, no dementia [CIND] classification) and attrition 5 years later. METHOD Two hundred twelve community-dwelling older adults, initially aged 64-92 years, remained in the study after 5 years. Inconsistency was calculated from baseline reaction time performance. Participants were assigned to groups on the basis of their fluctuations in CIND classification over time. Logistic and Cox regressions were used. RESULTS Baseline inconsistency significantly distinguished among those who remained or transitioned into CIND over the 5 years and those who were consistently intact (e.g., stable intact vs. stable CIND, Wald (1) = 7.91, p < . 01, Exp(β) = 1.49). Average level of inconsistency over time was also predictive of study attrition, for example, Wald (1) = 11.31, p < . 01, Exp(β) = 1.24. CONCLUSIONS For both outcomes, greater inconsistency was associated with a greater likelihood of being in a maladaptive group 5 years later. Variability based on moderately cognitively challenging tasks appeared to be particularly sensitive to longitudinal changes in cognitive ability. Mean rate of responding was a comparable predictor of change in most instances, but individuals were at greater relative risk of being in a maladaptive outcome group if they were more inconsistent rather than if they were slower in responding. Implications for the potential utility of intraindividual variability in reaction time as an early marker of cognitive decline are discussed.
Extraction of articulators in x-ray image sequences

We describe a method for tracking tongue, lips, and throat in X-ray films showing the side-view of the vocal tract. The technique uses specialized histogram normalization techniques and a new tracking method that is robust against occlusion, noise, and spontaneous, non-linear deformations of articulators. The tracking results characterize the configuration of the vocal tract over time and can be used in different areas of speech research.
Application of AHP method for optimal location of SSSC device under different operating conditions

FACTS devices can enable a line to carry its flow close to rating capacity and consequently can improve the power system security even in contingency and over loaded network. An opposition-based modified differential evolution algorithm is proposed to solve the OPF problem under different operating conditions for enhancement of power system performance with a SSSC device. The best location of SSSC device is determined based on AHP method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated on IEEE 30-bus test system.
La tríada padre-madre-infante: evaluación de las alianzas familiares a través del lausanne trialogue play, apego y niveles de depresión parental

En la ultima decada surge una nueva dimension de analisis de los vinculos tempranos, la que cambia el foco de atencion desde la diada hacia la triada, incluyendo al padre en la configuracion de la intersubjetividad familiar. Se realiza un estudio transversal que considero 10 familias chilenas con su primer hijo(a), con edades comprendidas entre los 3 y los 11 meses. Se evalua el funcionamiento familiar triadico y las alianzas familiares, la seguridad o inseguridad en el patron de apego parental y los niveles de sintomatologia depresiva. Los resultados muestran una mayor frecuencia de apegos seguros en los padres y madres de familias que muestran alianzas cooperativas, asi como menores niveles de sintomatologia depresiva parental en este grupo.