Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Promoting Socialization of schoolchildren using a teleoperated Android: an Interaction Study

Our research focuses on the social aspects of teleoperated androids as new media for human relationships and explores how they can contribute and encourage people to associate with others. We introduced Telenoid, a teleoperated android with a minimalistic human design, to elementary school classrooms to see how children respond to it. We found that Telenoid encourages children to work cooperatively and facilitates communication with senior citizens with dementia. Children differentiated their roles spontaneously and cooperatively participated in group work. In another class, we applied Telenoid to remote communication between schoolchildren and assisted living residents. The children felt relaxed about continuing their conversations with the elderly and positively participated in them. The results suggest that limited functionality may facilitate cooperation among participants, and varied embodiments may promote the learning process of the association with others, even those who are unfamiliar. We propose a teleoperated android as an educational tool to promote socialization.
Flash Light Sintering of Silver Nanoink for Inkjet-Printed Thin-Film Transistor on Flexible Substrate

In this paper, we study flash light sintering of inkjet-printed silver nanoink and show its application in printed and flexible thin film transistors. Flash method, which uses pulsed light to sinter metal nanoparticles, is a very fast and low-temperature sintering method. Hence, it facilitates in quick fabrication of low cost, flexible electronic devices. In the current work, various silver patterns were obtained by inkjet printing of silver nanoink on flexible substrate and then the patterns were sintered by flash method. Several flash sintering parameters were carefully optimized to achieve high electrical conductivity. In next stage, such printed and flash sintered silver patterns were used as source and drain contacts in thin-film transistor. Indium tin oxide coated polyethylene terephthalate sheet was used as substrate as well as bottom gate contact in transistor structure. On the other hand, polystyrene and pentacene were used in gate dielectric and channel layer, respectively. Such printed transistor with channel length of 28 μm and width of 68 μm exhibited field effect mobility of 0.09 cm2V−1s −1 and ON/OFF ratio on the order of 106. Finally, a comparative study was made between transistor performance with printed silver contacts and vacuum deposited silver contacts to ensure printing and sintering steps do not cause any notable degradation to the organic semiconducting layer.
A Large-Scale Study of Anxiety and Depression in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Survey via the Web Portal of the UK MS Register

Introduction Studies have found that people with Multiple Sclerosis experience relatively high rates of anxiety and depression. Although methodologically robust, many of these studies had access to only modest sample sizes (N<200). The aims of this study were to use responses gained via the web portal of the UK MS Register (N>4000) to: describe the depression and anxiety profiles of people with MS; to determine if anxiety and depression are related to age or disease duration; and to assess whether the levels of anxiety and depression differ between genders and types of MS. Methods From its launch in May 2011 to the end of December 2011, 7786 adults with MS enrolled to take part in the UK MS Register via the web portal. The responses to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were collated with basic demographic and descriptive MS data provided at registration and the resulting dataset was analysed in SPSS (v.16). Results The mean HADS score among the 4178 respondents was 15.7 (SE 0.117, SD 7.55) with a median of 15.0 (IQR 11). Anxiety and depression rates were notably high, with over half (54.1%) scoring ≥8 for anxiety and 46.9% scoring ≥8 for depression. Women with relapsing-remitting MS were more anxious than men with this type (p<0.001), and than women with other types of MS (p = 0.017). Within each gender, men and women with secondary progressive MS were more depressed than men or women with other types of MS (p<0.001, p<0.001). Conclusions This largest known study of its kind has shown that anxiety and depression are highly prevalent in people with MS, indicating that their mental health needs could be better addressed. These findings support service planning and further research to provide the best care for people with MS to help alleviate these debilitating conditions.
An Enterprise Ontology-Based Approach to Service Specification

In recent years, the Web Service Definition Language (WSDL) and Universal Description Discovery Integration (UDDI) standards arose as ad hoc standards for the definition of service interfaces and service registries. However, even together these standards do not provide enough basis for a service consumer to get a full understanding of the behavior of a service. In practice, this often leads to a serious mismatch between the provider's intent and the consumer's expectations concerning the functionality of the corresponding service. Though additional standards have been proposed, a holistic view of what aspects of a service need to be specified is still lacking. This paper proposes a service definition, a service classification, and service specification framework, all based on a founded theory, the $(\Psi)$-theory. The $(\Psi)$-theory originates from the scientific fields of Language Philosophy and Systemic Ontology. According to this theory, the operation of organizations is all about communication between and production by social actors. The service specification framework can be applied both for specifying human services, i.e., services executed by human beings, and IT services (i.e., services executed by IT systems).
What does chronic electrical stimulation teach us about muscle plasticity?

The model of chronic low‐frequency stimulation for the study of muscle plasticity was developed over 30 years ago. This protocol leads to a transformation of fast, fatigable muscles toward slower, fatigue‐resistant ones. It involves qualitative and quantitative changes of all elements of the muscle fiber studied so far. The multitude of stimulation‐induced changes makes it possible to establish the full adaptive potential of skeletal muscle. Both functional and structural alterations are caused by orchestrated exchanges of fast protein isoforms with their slow counterparts, as well as by altered levels of expression. This remodeling of the muscle fiber encompasses the major, myofibrillar proteins, membrane‐bound and soluble proteins involved in Ca2+ dynamics, and mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes of energy metabolism. Most transitions occur in a coordinated, time‐dependent manner and result from altered gene expression, including transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes. This review summarizes the advantages of chronic low‐frequency stimulation for studying activity‐induced changes in phenotype, and its potential for investigating regulatory mechanisms of gene expression. The potential clinical relevance or utility of the technique is also considered. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 22: 666–677, 1999.
Employment Relations and the Labor Market: Integrating Institutional and Market Perspectives

From a market perspective, workers' access to bureaucratic personnel structures at work is related to the transferability of their occupational skills. An institutional perspective emphasizes "normative and coercive" factors like union power, establishment size, occupational status, and extent of government employment. Building on these two perspectives, we examine the impact of an occupation's external marketthe extent to which it offers systematic within-occupation movement among employers on internal job mobility and protection structures and the availability of grievance procedures. Data from a sample of Chicago workers and their employers confirm aspects of both market and institutional theory. Results also support our core hypothesis, that incumbents of occupations embedded in strong external markets are less likely to have these governance structures available.
Organization and Professionalism: The Social Work Agenda in the 1990s

The professionalization of social work in the UK during this century has led to an occupa tional unity, but one in which there has been continued struggle over the form and content of professionalism. This paper summarizes the key points of developments in the last two decades, in which debates between professionalism and anti-professionalism and between specialization and localization can be discerned. Further changes in the welfare state have provided the impetus for continuing developments which, it is argued, integrate aspects from opposing sides of the previous debates. The failure of social work to address issues of gender and of racism is considered, and related to the possibilities of greater service user participation. The implications for social work professionalism are outlined.
Overexpression of the Integrin-linked Kinase Promotes Anchorage-independent Cell Cycle Progression*

Cell adhesion to substratum has been shown to regulate cyclin A expression as well as cyclin D- and E-dependent kinases, the latter via the up-regulation of cyclin D1 and the down-regulation of cyclin-Cdk inhibitors p21 and p27, respectively. This adhesion-dependent regulation of cell cycle is thought to be mediated by integrins. Here we demonstrate that stable transfection and overexpression of theintegrin-linked kinase (ILK), which interacts with the β1 and β3 integrin cytoplasmic domains, induces anchorage-independent cell cycle progression but not serum-independent growth of rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC18). ILK overexpression results in increased expression of cyclin D1, activation of Cdk4 and cyclin E-associated kinases, and hyperphosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein. In addition, ILK overexpression results in the expression of p21 and p27 Cdk inhibitors with altered electrophoretic mobilities, with the p27 from ILK-overexpressing cells having reduced inhibitory activity. The transfer of serum-exposed IEC18 cells from adherent cultures to suspension cultures results in a rapid down-regulation of expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin A proteins as well as in retinoblastoma protein dephosphorylation. In marked contrast, transfer of ILK-overexpressing cells from adherent to suspension cultures results in continued high levels of expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin A proteins, and a substantial proportion of the retinoblastoma protein remains in a hyperphosphorylated state. These results indicate that, when overexpressed, ILK induces signaling pathways resulting in the stimulation of G1/S cyclin-Cdk activities, which are normally regulated by cell adhesion and integrin engagement.
Mechanism of adenylate kinase. Are the essential lysines essential?

Using site-specific mutagenesis, we have probed the structural and functional roles of lysine-21 and lysine-27 of adenylate kinase (AK) from chicken muscle expressed in Escherichia coli. The two residues were chosen since according to the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) model [Mildvan, A. S. , & Fry, D. C. (1987) Adv. Enzymol. 58, 241-313], they are located near the alpha- and the gamma-phosphates, respectively, of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) in the AK-MgATP complex. In addition, a lysine residue (Lys-21 in the case of AK) along with a glycine-rich loop is considered "essential" in the catalysis of kinases and other nucleotide binding proteins. The Lys-27 to methionine (K27M) mutant showed only slight increases in kcat and Km, but a substantial increase (1.8 kcal/mol) in the free energy of unfolding, relative to the WT AK. For proper interpretation of the steady-state kinetic data, viscosity-dependent kinetics was used to show that the chemical step is partially rate-limiting in the catalysis of AK. Computer modeling suggested that the folded form of K27M could gain stability (relative to the wild type) via hydrophobic interactions of Met-27 with Val-179 and Phe-183 and/or formation of a charge-transfer complex between Met-27 and Phe-183. The latter was supported by an upfield shift of the methyl protons of Met-27 in 1H NMR. Other than this, the 1H NMR spectrum of K27M is very similar to that of WT, suggesting little perturbation in the global or even local conformations. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Policy Analysis of Violent Behaviour

On September 3, 2006, Wayne Fenton, a prominent schizophrenia expert was found dead in his office as a result of a tragic assault by his 19-yearold patient with Schizophrenia,(Anderson & West, 2011). Because of this situation and other cases that occur in the world and at any time, those working in the psychiatric setting must be more concerned about this problem and how to prevent violent behaviour and assaults by psychiatric patients against Mental health care provider. It is a reality and some staff rationalize that violence is an Occupational hazard (Anderson & West, 2011). Violent behaviour may be defined as physical violence without bodily contact (e.g., threatening gestures) or physical violence with bodily contact (e.g., hitting, punching, kicking) , (Lanza, Demaio, & Benedict, 2005).
A Distributed Approach to Port Scan Detection

A port scan is often the first phase of an attack against a network. Detecting this attack in a timely fashion is crucial in responding correctly and promptly. In very high speed networks packet level inspection is no longer feasible at a single entry point into the network. However, to still be able to promptly detect a port scan, it is desirable to inspect traffic at a packet level. Therefore this paper proposes a distributed approach, in which the hosts comprising the network inspect their own data and communicate with each other in order to determine the threat posed by connecting hosts. It is shown that a distributed approach is feasible and can provide an increased level of flexibility over a conventional approach.
Simple art as abstractions of photographs

This paper shows that it is possible to semi-automatically process photographs into Simple Art. Simple Art is a term that we use to refer to a group of artistic styles such a child art, cave art, and Fine Artists as exemplified by Joan Miró. None of these styles has been previously studied by the NPR community. Our contribution is to provide a process that makes them accessible. We describe a method that automatically constructs a hierarchical model of an input photograph, and asks a user to identify objects inside it. Each object is a sub-tree, which can be rendered under user control. The method is demonstrated using emulations of Simple Art. We include an assessment of our results against a set of norms recommended by a Cultural Historian. We conclude that producing Simple Art raises important technical questions, especially surrounding the interplay between computational modelling and human abstractions.
Composing narrative discourse for stories of many characters: A case study over a chess game

Stories of several characters, where different characters may engage in separate activities at different locations over the same period, are produced by humans as linear discourses with no difficulty. The present article addresses this issue by engineering a computational model of the relevant task understood as that of composing a narrative discourse for the events in a chess game. The task of narrative composition is modelled as a set of operations that need to be carried out to obtain a span of narrative discourse from a set of events that inspire the narration. The model explores a set of intermediate representations required to capture the structure that is progressively imposed on the material, and connects this content planning task with a classic pipeline for natural language generation. Several strategies are explored for the linearization procedure and for the evaluation of its results. Additionally, the article considers this productive task immersed in a self-evaluation cycle where the produced discourse is validated via the construction of a possible interpretation (based exclusively on the information available in the discourse itself) and a comparison between this interpretation and the original source material.
Cognitive radio for next-generation wireless networks: an approach to opportunistic channel selection in ieee 802.11-based wireless mesh

'Cognitive radio' has emerged as a new design paradigm for next-generation wireless networks that aims to increase utilization of the scarce radio spectrum (both licensed and unlicensed). Learning and adaptation are two significant features of a cognitive radio transceiver. Intelligent algorithms are used to learn the surrounding environment, and the knowledge thus obtained is utilized by the transceiver to choose the frequency band (i.e., channel) of transmission as well as transmission parameters to achieve the best performance. In this article we first provide an overview of the different components to achieve adaptability in a cognitive radio transceiver and discuss the related approaches. A survey of the cognitive radio techniques used in the different wireless systems is then presented. To this end, a dynamic opportunistic channel selection scheme based on the cognitive radio concept is presented for an IEEE 802.11-based wireless mesh network.
Religion and the problem-solving process: Three styles of coping.

Three styles of problem-solving were proposed, each involving a different reported relationship between the individual and God. Scales were developed to measure these problem-solving styles and were administered to 197 church members. These three styles were clearly identifiable through factor analysis. Further, as predicted, the three styles of problem-solving related differently to measures of religiousness and competence. The report of a problem-solving style involving active personal exchange with God (Collaborative) appears to be part of an internalized committed form of religion, one holding positive implications for the competence of the individual. A problem-solving style in which the individual waits for solutions from God (Deferring) seems to be part of an externally-oriented religion providing answers to questions the individual is less able to resolve. This style was associated with lower levels of competence. A Self-Directing style emphasizes the freedom God gives people to direct their own lives. This approach appears to be an active coping orientation which stresses personal agency, involves lower levels of traditional religious involvement, and is part of a generally effective style of functioning. This study points to the important diverse roles religion plays in the problem-solving process.
Crystal Structure of PapA5, a Phthiocerol Dimycocerosyl Transferase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis*

Polyketide-associated protein A5 (PapA5) is an acyltransferase that is involved in production of phthiocerol and phthiodiolone dimycocerosate esters, a class of virulence-enhancing lipids produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Structural analysis of PapA5 at 2.75-Å resolution reveals a two-domain structure that shares unexpected similarity to structures of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, carnitine acetyltransferase, and VibH, a non-ribosomal peptide synthesis condensation enzyme. The PapA5 active site includes conserved histidine and aspartic acid residues that are critical to PapA5 acyltransferase activity. PapA5 catalyzes acyl transfer reactions on model substrates that contain long aliphatic carbon chains, and two hydrophobic channels were observed linking the PapA5 surface to the active site with properties consistent with these biochemical activities and substrate preferences. An additional α helix not observed in other acyltransferase structures blocks the putative entrance into the PapA5 active site, indicating that conformational changes may be associated with PapA5 activity. PapA5 represents the first structure solved for a protein involved in polyketide synthesis in Mycobacteria.
Windpipe Controls Drosophila Intestinal Homeostasis by Regulating JAK/STAT Pathway via Promoting Receptor Endocytosis and Lysosomal Degradation

The adult intestinal homeostasis is tightly controlled by proper proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells. The JAK/STAT (Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) signaling pathway is essential for the regulation of adult stem cell activities and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Currently, it remains largely unknown how JAK/STAT signaling activities are regulated in these processes. Here we have identified windpipe (wdp) as a novel component of the JAK/STAT pathway. We demonstrate that Wdp is positively regulated by JAK/STAT signaling in Drosophila adult intestines. Loss of wdp activity results in the disruption of midgut homeostasis under normal and regenerative conditions. Conversely, ectopic expression of Wdp inhibits JAK/STAT signaling activity. Importantly, we show that Wdp interacts with the receptor Domeless (Dome), and promotes its internalization for subsequent lysosomal degradation. Together, these data led us to propose that Wdp acts as a novel negative feedback regulator of the JAK/STAT pathway in regulating intestinal homeostasis.
Selenium Cycling Across Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Interfaces: A Critical Review

Selenium (Se) is an essential element for humans and animals, which occurs ubiquitously in the environment. It is present in trace amounts in both organic and inorganic forms in marine and freshwater systems, soils, biomass and in the atmosphere. Low Se levels in certain terrestrial environments have resulted in Se deficiency in humans, while elevated Se levels in waters and soils can be toxic and result in the death of aquatic wildlife and other animals. Human dietary Se intake is largely governed by Se concentrations in plants, which are controlled by root uptake of Se as a function of soil Se concentrations, speciation and bioavailability. In addition, plants and microorganisms can biomethylate Se, which can result in a loss of Se to the atmosphere. The mobilization of Se across soil-plant-atmosphere interfaces is thus of crucial importance for human Se status. This review gives an overview of current knowledge on Se cycling with a specific focus on soil-plant-atmosphere interfaces. Sources, speciation and mobility of Se in soils and plants will be discussed as well as Se hyperaccumulation by plants, biofortification and biomethylation. Future research on Se cycling in the environment is essential to minimize the adverse health effects associated with unsafe environmental Se levels.