Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceptual Grouping for Building Recognition in High-resolution SAR Images using the GESTALT-System

GESTALT is a production system interpreter designed for advanced automatic recognition from difficult pictorial data. Building recognition from leading edge high resolution SAR-data is a good example for such a challenge. This contribution explains the system itself and its application to this particular issue. Perceptual grouping paradigms are coded in the productions in order to discriminate man-made ordered structure from arbitrary clutter. In particular symmetry and repetitive similar structure render promising prospects for this application.
Effect of Royal Jelly on new bone formation in rapid maxillary expansion in rats

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long and short term systemic usage of royal jelly on bone formation in the expanded maxillary suture in a rat model. Material and Methods Twenty eight Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: Control (C); Only Expansion (OE), Royal Jelly (RJ) group, Royal Jelly was given to rats by oral gavage only during the expansion and retention period; Royal Jelly plus Nursery (RJN) group, Royal Jelly was given to rats by oral gavage during their nursery phase of 40 days and during the retention period. After the 5 day expansion period was completed, the rats underwent 12 days of mechanical retention. All rats were sacrificed in same time. Histological examination was performed to determine the number of osteoclasts, number of osteoblasts, number of capillaries, inflammatory cell infiltration, and new bone formation. Results New bone formation, number of osteoclasts, number of osteoblasts, and the number of capillaries in the expanded maxillary sutures were higher in the RJ and RJN groups than in the other groups. Statistical analysis also demonstrated that new bone formation and the number of osteoblasts was also highest in the RJN group. Conclusions The systemic administration of Royal Jelly in conjunction with rapid maxillary expansion may increase the quality of regenerated bone. Key words:Bone formation, rapid maxillary expansion, Royal jelly.
Shannon-Optimal Priors on iid Statistical Experiments Converge Weakly to Jeffreys Prior

In 1979, J.M. Bernardo argued heuristically that in the case of regular product experiments his information theoretic reference prior is equal to Jeffreys' prior. In this context, B.S. Clarke and A.R. Barron showed in 1994, that in the same class of experiments Jeffreys' prior is asymptotically optimal in the sense of Shannon, or, in Bayesian terms, Jeffreys' prior is asymptotically least favorable under Kullback Leibler risk. In the present paper, we prove, based on Clarke and Barron's results, that every sequence of Shannon optimal priors on a sequence of regular iid product experiments converges weakly to Jeffreys' prior. This means that for increasing sample size Kullback Leibler least favorable priors tend to Jeffreys' prior.
English Medium Instruction Innovation in Higher Education: Evidence from Asian Contexts

This article was published in the The Journal of Asia TEFL [© 2018 The Journal of Asia TEFL ] and the definite version is available at: http://dx.doi. org/10.18823/asiatefl.2018. 15.4. 20.1156 The Journal's website is at: http://www.asiatefl. org/main/main.php? inx_journals=58&inx_contents=646&main=6&sub=5&submode=3&PageMode=JournalView&s_title=English_Medium_Instruction_Innovation_in_Higher_Education_Evidence_from_Asian_Contexts
Galectin-1 Is a Major Receptor for Ganglioside GM1, a Product of the Growth-controlling Activity of a Cell Surface Ganglioside Sialidase, on Human Neuroblastoma Cells in Culture*

Cell density-dependent inhibition of growth and neural differentiation in the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-MC are associated with a ganglioside sialidase-mediated increase of GM1 and lactosylceramide at the cell surface. Because these glycolipids expose galactose residues, we have initiated the study of the potential role of galectins in such cellular events. Using specific antibodies, galectin-1 but not galectin-3 was found to be present at the cell surface. Assessment of carbohydrate-dependent binding revealed a saturable amount of ligand sites approaching 2.6 × 106 galectin-1 molecules bound/cell. Presence during cell culture of the sialidase inhibitor 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid or of the GM1-binding cholera toxin B subunit effected a decrease of the presentation of galectin-1 ligands by 30–50%. The assumption that GM1 is a major ligand for galectin-1 was reinforced by the correlation between the number of carbohydrate-dependent 125I-iodinated GM1-neoganglioprotein binding sites and the amount of immunoreactive surface galectin-1, the marked sensitivity of probe binding to the presence of anti-galectin-1 antibody, and the inhibition of cell adhesion to surface-immobilized GM1 by the antibody. The results open the possibility that the carbohydrate-dependent interaction between ganglioside GM1 and galectin-1 may relay sialidase-dependent alterations in this cell system.
Putting Perspective Taking in Perspective

We present a new framework for the discussion of perspective taking, particularly with reference to the processing of literary narrative. In this framework, adopting a perspective entails matching evaluations with those of the narrative character. This approach predicts that perspectives should be piecemeal rather than holistic, dynamic rather than consistent, effortful rather than automatic, and reactive, in the sense that they are a function of the reader's online processing as it interacts with narrative technique. We describe evidence from an interpolated evaluation method in which readers are periodically interrupted and asked to rate evaluations from a character's perspective. The results indicate that interpolated evaluations interact with narratorial stance to determine a character's transparency—that is, the extent to which she is rational and understandable. In particular, interpolated questions increase transparency of the focal character when there is minimal narratorial guidance, but decrease transparency when the narrator adopts a relatively distanced stance towards that character. These results demonstrate that perspective taking depends on the details of a reader's processing over the course of the story.
The Segmented iHMM: A Simple, Efficient Hierarchical Infinite HMM

We propose the segmented iHMM (siHMM), a hierarchical infinite hidden Markov model (iHMM) that supports a simple, efficient inference scheme. The siHMM is well suited to segmentation problems, where the goal is to identify points at which a time series transitions from one relatively stable regime to a new regime. Conventional iHMMs often struggle with such problems, since they have no mechanism for distinguishing between high- and low-level dynamics. Hierarchical HMMs (HHMMs) can do better, but they require much more complex and expensive inference algorithms. The siHMM retains the simplicity and efficiency of the iHMM, but out-performs it on a variety of segmentation problems, achieving performance that matches or exceeds that of a more complicated HHMM.
Thyroid Disorders and Chronic Kidney Disease

Thyroid hormones play a very important role regulating metabolism, development, protein synthesis, and influencing other hormone functions. The two main hormones produced by the thyroid are triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). These hormones can also have significant impact on kidney disease so it is important to consider the physiological association of thyroid dysfunction in relation to chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD has been known to affect the pituitary-thyroid axis and the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones. Low T3 levels are the most common laboratory finding followed by subclinical hypothyroidism in CKD patients. Hyperthyroidism is usually not associated with CKD but has been known to accelerate it. One of the most important links between thyroid disorders and CKD is uremia. Patients who are appropriately treated for thyroid disease have a less chance of developing renal dysfunction. Clinicians need to be very careful in treating patients with low T3 levels who also have an elevation in TSH, as this can lead to a negative nitrogen balance. Thus, clinicians should be well educated on the role of thyroid hormones in relation to CKD so that proper treatment can be delivered to the patient.
Book Review: The Promise of Integrated Multicultural and Bilingual Education: Inclusive Palestinian-Arab and Jewish Schools in Israel by Bekerman, Z.

Demjen’s study by connecting her findings to the broader fields of psychology and language studies. This book finds its strength in the rigor and depth of such detailed analysis, breaking apart sentence structure and word choices to make sense of them as a larger pattern of language. Demjen works though significant data and presents useful categories that feel applicable to other disciplines and classifications of usage. However, readers who are not linguists or quantitative scholars may find some of the chapters intense in their detailed analysis of Plath’s writing style. For academics in the disciplines of English, psychology, cultural studies, communication, semantics, and linguistics, this text adds to the understanding of language, depression, journals as a genre, and Plath herself. Indeed, the brief journal excerpts within the book remind Demjen’s audience of Plath’s incredible talent as a descriptive writer.
I Believe in a Thing Called Bot: Perceptions of the Humanness of “Chatbots”

The way humans and robots interact is no longer in the realm of fiction, because robots have seemingly gained the ability to respond to others, including humans. Communication research can be at the forefront of examining these interactions. This study used a “chatbot”—run by a researcher—to respond to a pre-generated set of questions asked by participants. An experiment varied the presence of typos and capitalized words in the responses. Significant main effects were found for typos in the responses, which had a negative effect on the perceived humanness of the respondent, as well as other perceptions. These findings, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed. Video abstract Read the transcript Watch the video on Vimeo
Some effects of small-scale metallicity variations in cooling flows

In an attempt to reconcile recent spectral data with predictions of the standard cooling flow model, it has been suggested that the metals in the intracluster medium (ICM) might be distributed inhomogeneously on small scales. We investigate the possible consequences of such a situation within the framework of the cooling flow scenario. Using the standard isobaric cooling flow model, we study the ability of such metallicity variations to suppress preferentially low-temperature line emission in cooling flow spectra. We then use simple numerical simulations to investigate the temporal and spatial evolution of the ICM when the metals are distributed in such a fashion. Simulated observations are used to study the constraints that real data can place on conditions in the ICM. The difficulty of ruling out abundance variations on small spatial scales with current observational limits is emphasized. We find that a bimodal distribution of metals may give rise to interesting effects in the observed abundance profile, in that apparent abundance gradients with central abundance drops and off-centre peaks, similar to those seen recently in some clusters, are produced. Different elements behave in different fashion as governed by the temperature dependence of their equivalent widths. Our overall conclusion is that, whilst this process alone seems unlikely to be able to account for the sharp reduction in low-temperature emission lines seen in current spectral data, a contribution at some level is possible and difficult to rule out. The possibility of small-scale metallicity variations should be considered when analysing high-resolution cluster X-ray spectra.
Cognitive distortions and ADHD in pathological gambling: A national longitudinal case-control cohort study

Introduction The primary outcome of our study was to assess the links between the level of cognitive distortions and the severity of gambling disorder. We also aimed at assessing the links between patient gambling trajectories and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Materials and methods The study population (n = 628) was comprised of problem and non-problem gamblers of both sexes between 18 and 65 years of age, who reported gambling on at least one occasion during the previous year. Data encompassed socio-demographic characteristics, gambling habits, the South Oaks Gambling Screen, the Gambling Attitudes and Beliefs Survey – 23, the Wender Utah Rating Scale – Child, and the Adult ADHD Self-report Scale. Results The cognitive distortions with the greatest correlation to the severity of gambling disorder were the “Chasing” and “Emotions. ” These two dimensions were able to distinguish between problem gamblers seeking treatment or not. While age of onset of gambling and length of gambling practice were not associated with the level of distorted cognitions, a period of abstinence of at least 1 month was associated with a lower level of distorted cognitions. The presence of ADHD resulted in a higher level of distorted cognitions. Conclusion Cognitive work is essential to the prevention, and the treatment, of pathological gambling, especially with respect to emotional biases and chasing behavior. The instauration of an abstinence period of at least 1 month under medical supervision could be a promising therapeutic lead for reducing gambling-related erroneous thoughts and for improving care strategies of pathological gamblers.
Benefits and challenges perceived by patients with cancer when offered a nurse navigator

Introduction Lack of communication, care and respect from healthcare professionals can be challenges for patients in trajectories of cancer, possibly accompanied by experienced fragmentation of the care, anxiety and worries. One way to try to improve delivery of care is additional help from nurse navigators (NN) offered in a predefined shorter or longer period, but patients’ experiences with this have seldom been investigated. Aims To explore experiences of nurse navigation offered in a short period of a longer subsequent part of cancer trajectories by patients who can use the help on offer. Methods The NNs worked from one hospital department with patients in the transition between primary care and a university hospital before admission. A phenomenological-hermeneutical longitudinal study was performed from referral and until two months after discharge from the hospital. Semi-structured interviews with five patients who could use the help from an NN provided data for the analysis, which started open-minded. Results Affectional bonds were made to the NN and patients felt that they benefited from her presence and her help, which they requested until one month after discharge. They were disappointed and felt rejected when the contact to the NN stopped. Conclusion In efforts to increase quality of care for patients with cancer we recommend an increased awareness of cultural areas within the healthcare system, which may be an impediment to good communication. Moreover, we recommend paying special attention to critical periods in cancer patients’ trajectories, as well as to the theory of attachment to supplement thoughts of continuity of care and coordination in the care for women. In short, it is fine to offer additional help to those who can use it, but in practice as well as in research we recommend awareness of how and when to stop the help, to prevent patients from feeling hurt.
Q A ] 2 9 Ja n 20 01 DAMTP-98-117 Cross Product Bialgebras Part II

This is the central article of a series of three papers on cross product bialgebras. We present a universal theory of bialgebra factorizations (or cross product bialgebras) with cocycles and dual cocycles. We also provide an equivalent (co-)modular co-cyclic formulation. All known examples as for instance bi-or smash, doublecross and bicross product bialgebras as well as double biproduct bialgebras and bicrossed or cocycle bicross product bialgebras are now united within a single theory. Furthermore our construction yields various novel types of cross product bialgebras.
Two multimodal approaches for single microphone source separation

In this paper, the problem of single microphone source separation via Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) by exploiting video information is addressed. Respective audio and video modalities coming from a single human speech usually have similar time changes. It means that changes in one of them usually corresponds to changes in the other one. So it is expected that activation coefficient matrices of their NMF decomposition are similar. Based on this similarity, in this paper the activation coefficient matrix of the video modality is used as an initialization for audio source separation via NMF. In addition, the mentioned similarity is used for post-processing and for clustering the rows of the activation coefficient matrix which were resulted from randomly initialized NMF. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed multimodal approaches in single microphone source separation.
Quantitative Measures of Students' Sense of Validation: Advancing the Study of Diverse Learning Environments

The study of students’ sense of validation holds promise for understanding college student retention and success, but more research is needed regarding the generalizability and use of the concept. The development of quantitative measures can help facilitate use across student populations in multiple types of institutions of higher education. The present study empirically examines two validation constructs, student perceptions of academic validation in the classroom and general interpersonal validation, in a new nationally available instrument, the Diverse Learning Environments (DLE) survey. Construct validity and cross-validation tests indicate that survey items tap into these latent factors for students of color and White students, and that students of color perceive lower levels of both forms of validation compared to White students. These factors and survey items may be used in future research to examine the relationship between validation, student experiences, and educational outcomes.
Insulysin Hydrolyzes Amyloid β Peptides to Products That Are Neither Neurotoxic Nor Deposit on Amyloid Plaques

Insulysin (EC. 3.4.22.11) has been implicated in the clearance of β amyloid peptides through hydrolytic cleavage. To further study the action of insulysin on Aβ peptides recombinant rat insulysin was used. Cleavage of both Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42by the recombinant enzyme was shown to initially occur at the His13-His14, His14-Gln15, and Phe19-Phe20 bonds. This was followed by a slower cleavage at the Lys28-Gly29, Val18-Phe19, and Phe20-Ala21 positions. None of the products appeared to be further metabolized by insulysin. Using a rat cortical cell system, the action of insulysin on Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 was shown to eliminate the neurotoxic effects of these peptides. Insulysin was further shown to prevent the deposition of Aβ1–40 onto a synthetic amyloid. Taken together these results suggest that the use of insulysin to hydrolyze Aβ peptides represents an alternative gene therapeutic approach to the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Survey on microprocessor architecture and development trends

To improve the performance of microprocessor, many kinds of novel architecture, such as multi-thread processor, CMP, PIM, and reconfigurable computing processor, have been proposed. These new processors improve performance mainly dependant on making use of all kinds of parallelism of workloads, solving the speed mismatch between processor and external memory, reconfigurable computing, and etc. This paper summarizes characteristic of these kinds of architecture, and predicts the development trends of microprocessor in the future.
Production and Transaction Economies and IS Outsourcing: A Study of the U.S. Banking Industry

This paper studies economic determinants of IS outsourcing. It argues that a focus on comparative economic theories and models can improve our ability to explain outsourcing within the larger context of organizational strategy and environment. Specifically, the research constructs of production cost, transaction cost, and financial slack are examined simultaneously to understand what influences the outsourcing decision. To empirically test these relationships, information was gathered from senior IT managers in 243 U.S. banks. Financial indices from the archives of the Federal Reserve Bank were a second important source of data.Results of the study show that IS outsourcing in banks was strongly influenced by production cost advantages offered by vendors. Transaction costs played a role in the outsourcing decision, but it was much smaller than production costs. Finally, financial slack was not found to be a significant explanator, although firm size was a significant control factor. The paper has important implications for research and practice. For researchers, the findings provide evidence that financial criteria can be key factors in outsourcing decisions and compare the relative effects of production and transaction costs. For practitioners, the findings suggest that managerial sourcing strategies need to weigh both costs when hiring systems integrators.
Robust Classification by Pre-conditioned LASSO and Transductive Diffusion Component Analysis

Modern machine learning-based recognition approaches require large-scale datasets with large number of labelled training images. However, such datasets are inherently difficult and costly to collect and annotate. Hence there is a great and growing interest in automatic dataset collection methods that can leverage the web. Collecting datasets in this way, however, requires robust and efficient ways for detecting and excluding outliers that are common and prevalent. So far, there have been a limited effort in machine learning community to directly detect outliers for robust classification. Inspired by the recent work on Pre-conditioned LASSO, this paper formulates the outlier detection task using Pre-conditioned LASSO and employs unsupervised transductive diffusion component analysis to both integrate the topological structure of the data manifold, from labeled and unlabeled instances, and reduce the feature dimensionality. Synthetic experiments as well as results on two real-world classification tasks show that our framework can robustly detect the outliers and improve classification.
Room Temperature Single Electron Transistor Model Optimization Based on Ordered Mesoporous Membrane

Based on the actual characteristic of ordered mesoporous membrane temperature single electron transistor, from two aspects of modeling of the very small size coulomb island single electron transistor and multi-island single electron transistor, the optimization of the existing single electron transistor semi-classical model is worked out, which lays a theoretical foundation for the design and simulation of room temperature single electron transistor.