Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CREAMINKA: An Intelligent Ecosystem for Supporting Management and Information Discovery in Research and Innovation Fields in Universities

This chapter presents a new proposal for supporting the management of research pro- cesses in universities and higher education centers. To this aim, the authors have developed a comprehensive ecosystem that implements a knowledge model that addresses three innovative aspects of research: (i) acceleration of knowledge production, (ii) research valorization and (iii) discovery of improbable peers. The ecosystem relies on ontologies and intelligent modules and is able to automatically retrieve information of major scientific databases such as SCOPUS and Science Direct to infer new information. Currently, the system is able to provide guidelines to create improbable research peers as well as automatically generate resilience graphics and reports from more than 17,000 tuples of the ontological database. In this work, the authors describe in detail an important aspect of support systems for research management in higher education: the development and valorization of competences of students collaborating in research process and startUPS of universities. Furthermore, a knowledge model of entrepreneurship (startUPS) as well as an analyzer of general and specific competences based on data mining processes is presented.
Elucidating the role of TWIST1 in ulcerative colitis: a comprehensive bioinformatics and machine learning approach

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common and progressive inflammatory bowel disease primarily affecting the colon and rectum. Prolonged inflammation can lead to colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). While the exact cause of UC remains unknown, this study aims to investigate the role of the TWIST1 gene in UC. Methods: Second-generation sequencing data from adult UC patients were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and characteristic genes were selected using machine learning and Lasso regression. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve assessed TWIST1’s potential as a diagnostic factor (AUC score). Enriched pathways were analyzed, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA). Functional mechanisms of marker genes were predicted, considering immune cell infiltration and the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Results: We found 530 DEGs, with 341 upregulated and 189 downregulated genes. TWIST1 emerged as one of four potential UC biomarkers via machine learning. TWIST1 expression significantly differed in two datasets, GSE193677 and GSE83687, suggesting its diagnostic potential (AUC = 0.717 in GSE193677, AUC = 0.897 in GSE83687). Enrichment analysis indicated DEGs associated with TWIST1 were involved in processes like leukocyte migration, humoral immune response, and cell chemotaxis. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed higher rates of M0 macrophages and resting NK cells in the high TWIST1 expression group, while TWIST1 expression correlated positively with M2 macrophages and resting NK cell infiltration. We constructed a ceRNA regulatory network involving 1 mRNA, 7 miRNAs, and 32 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) to explore TWIST1’s regulatory mechanism. Conclusion: TWIST1 plays a significant role in UC and has potential as a diagnostic marker. This study sheds light on UC’s molecular mechanisms and underscores TWIST1’s importance in its progression. Further research is needed to validate these findings in diverse populations and investigate TWIST1 as a therapeutic target in UC.
Automatic Measurement of Control Points for Aerial Image Orientation

This paper presents an automatic workflow for measuring natural ground control points (GCPs) in aerial images. The approach is based on the acquisition of multi‐scale fisheye vertical terrestrial images over distinguishable areas to automatically generate georeferenced image patches. These are matched with aerial images using correspondence techniques and then used as ground control. The technique was assessed using a bundle block adjustment, indicating an accuracy based on check points of approximately 1/5 of the ground sample distance (GSD) in planimetry and 1 GSD in elevation. Automatic GCP measurements thus improved the final accuracy in comparison with manual measurement.
A survey of farmer practice on the establishment, duration and production of pastures in the mixed farming zone of southern New South Wales

This paper reports the results from a survey conducted in the mixed farming zone of southern NSW to determine the method and success of pasture establishment, farmer perceptions on pasture production, timing and methods for ending the pasture phase, as well as livestock production and feed base sources throughout the year. The survey was conducted at 7 farmer forums organised by various farming systems groups and district agronomists. A total of 114 responses were received. Averaged over the whole region, 48% of growers established pastures by under-sowing in greater than 75% of occasions while 32% of growers never used the under-sowing technique. Cover-crops used for under-sowing were primarily wheat (56%) and barley (30%). Pasture mixes primarily included lucerne (72%) with phalaris the second most common perennial (33%). In an average rainfall year, 60% of farmers rated their pastures as excellent or satisfactory, while 62% of farmers rated their pastures as satisfactory or poor over the ten drought years from 2000-2009. During average years, 70% of farmers had a pasture phase for 4-6 years but during the drought years, only 47% of pasture phases ran for 4-6 years while 30% of pasture rotations were 4 years or less. Poor persistence was ranked by 75% of producers as one of the top three reasons for ending the pasture phase. The average stocking rates were 6 DSE/ha and 11 DSE/ha based on total farm area and total pasture area respectively. Feed for adult stock over a calendar year was primarily pasture based (57%) with stubble as a significant contributor (18%). In contrast, feed for young stock was 65% pasture based and only 7% reliance on stubble, but 14% on grazing crops.
Current methodologies of greenspace exposure and mental health research—a scoping review

Introduction Greenspaces can provide an important resource for human mental health. A growing body of literature investigates the interaction and the influence of diverse greenspace exposures. In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the complex connection between greenspace and mental health, a variety of perspectives and methodological combinations are needed. The aim of this review is to assess the current methodologies researching greenspace and mental health. Methods A scoping review was conducted. Four electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science) were searched for relevant studies. A wide range of greenspace and mental health keywords were included to provide a comprehensive representation of the body of research. Relevant information on publication characteristics, types of greenspaces, mental health outcomes, and measurements of greenspace exposure and mental health was extracted and assessed. Results 338 studies were included. The included studies encompassed a multitude of methods, as well as outcomes for both greenspace and mental health. 28 combinations were found between seven categories each for greenspace and mental health assessment. Some pairings such as geoinformation systems for greenspace assessment and questionnaires investigating mental health were used much more frequently than others, implying possible research gaps. Furthermore, we identified problems and inconsistences in reporting of greenspace types and mental health outcomes. Discussion The identified methodological variety is a potential for researching the complex connections between greenspace and mental health. Commonly used combinations can provide important insights. However, future research needs to emphasize other perspectives in order to understand how to create living environments with mental health benefits. For this purpose, interdisciplinary research is necessary.
Analysis and Design of a High Gain Multiband Antenna Based on Metamaterials for RFID Applications

In this research work, the design of a dipole antenna based on metamaterials is proposed, which can be used as a high gain multiband communication device for RFID applications. This antenna is printed on two sides of an Arlon substrate, which has an overall electrical dimension of 0.39 λ0×0.11 λ0×0.0014 λ0. The metamaterials are used to obtain a multiband antenna, and their integration technique into the antenna results in a high gain compared to a conventional antenna without any magnification or additional layer. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna can operate at 0.88-0.97 GHz, 2.41-2.48 GHz, and 5.77-5.91 GHz with a reflection coefficient of less than −10 dB, which make it well suited for RFID at 860-960 MHz and 2.4 GHz/5.8 GHz. All these resonant frequencies show better impedance matching with high gain. The proposed antenna has the advantages of simple design, low profile, easy feeding, low manufacturing cost, and easy integration into the electronic circuit.
OPTIMIZING ISLAMIC BANK PERFORMANCE FOR UNLOCKING PATH OF PROFITABILITY

This study investigated the impact of some investment fund ratios in Islamic banks operating in Syria, represented by both the financing-to-deposits ratio FDR and the resource investment ratio IRR, in addition to the liquidity ratio, on the profitability of these banks, represented by ROA and ROE. In addition, this study aimed to identify the reality of the financial performance of Syrian Islamic banks according to these indicators and clarify the extent to which there are significant differences between them. This was done during the period from 2010 to 2022, based on the annual financial statements published in the annual financial reports issued by the banks under study. The study found that there were significant differences in the performance of the Syrian Islamic banks studied regarding indicators of fund investment. While the performance of these banks was similar in terms of indicators of profitability and liquidity, there were no significant differences between any of them. The study also concluded that there is a positive and significant effect of FDR and IRR on ROE overall, compared to the absence of any significant effect of these two indicators on ROA. There is no significant effect of the liquidity ratio on ROA or ROE overall.
Dynamics of the Transport of Ionic and Atomic Cesium in RF-driven Ion Sources for ITER NBI

The neutral beam injection heating system of the future ITER fusion experiment will rely on the acceleration and neutralization of negative hydrogen ions. Cesium seeding into negative ion sources is a prerequisite to obtain the required ion current at a maximum pressure of 0.3 Pa and a tolerable level of co-extracted electrons. Both the stability and the delivered current density of the ion source depend highly on the cesium conditions of the production surface during plasma and vacuum phases. The Monte Carlo code CsFlow3D was developed and applied to simulate the distribution and time dynamics of neutral and ionic cesium during long pulses of the IPP prototype RF-driven ion source. These transient simulations show that the release of cesium accumulated within the ion source during the operation phase is the dominant mechanism to obtain cesium flux onto the production surface for negative ions (plasma grid). Studies of the spatial distribution of the deposits and the corresponding time dynamics and cesium flux profile are presented during long pulses. These show that the cesium flux onto the plasma grid has a high time variation which is a consequence of the transient release of reservoirs. While a high ionic flux is generated within the first seconds of the discharge, a broad neutral-dominated flux peak evolves during the total pulse interval.
Track and Circulation Analysis of Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones that Cause Strong Precipitation and Streamflow Events in the New York City Watershed

The top 100 basin-scale 1-day precipitation, multiday precipitation, and 1-day streamflow events from 1950 to 2012 are examined for the Ashokan reservoir, a key water source for New York City. Through a cyclone association algorithm, extratropical cyclones (ETCs) are found to be associated with the majority of the top 100 precipitation and streamflow events. Tropical cyclones (TCs) generate the second-most top 100 one-day and multiday precipitation events, with more than two-thirds of these TCs having undergone extratropical transition. Furthermore, TCs that pass over the region are approximately 7 and 4 times more likely to generate a top 100 one-day precipitation and one-day streamflow event, respectively, than ETCs. Lagrangian cyclone track analysis shows cool season ETCs take a more meridional path compared to warm season ETCs. A composite analysis shows that for the top 100 one-day precipitation events, ETCs have relatively less moisture but stronger upper-level support than TCs. Due in part to TCs, heavy precipitation events occur more often in the warm season, whereas high streamflow events occur mainly in the cool season. Despite this difference, approximately 43% of the top 100 events, which represent many of the very strongest events, overlap for all three metrics. While high temperature and specific humidity anomalies accompany all top 100 events, the magnitude of the anomalies is greatest for isolated streamflow events. This analysis provides a reference to forecasters and water managers regarding the relative and synoptic-scale behavior of different storm types for isolated and concurrent precipitation and streamflow events.
Accounting conservatism: Testing the effects of investment opportunity set and political cost

This study aims to examine the effect of investment opportunity set (IOS) and political cost (PC) on accounting conservatism in Indonesia. The population of this study is property and real estate companies listed on the IDX during the period 2011-2020. Using purposive sampling method which is based on certain considerations, it is obtained 20 companies with a total of 200 samples. This study uses Multiple Regression Analysis to examine the relationship between variables. The results of this study show that political cost has a significant effect on accounting conservatism. Meanwhile, the investment opportunity set has no effect on accounting conservatism. The results of this study are consistent with the political cost hypothesis as in the positive accounting theory that large companies tend to apply conservative accounting to reduce the amount of political costs they incur. The results of additional test on the enactment of PSAK 72 regarding income from contracts with customers in 2020 show that that there is no significant difference in accounting consevatism in property and real estate companies before and after the enactment of PSAK 72.
: Automatic Spelling Normalization for CMC Corpora

This paper presents and evaluates a method for automatic orthographic normalization and the treatment of out-of-vocabulary words (OOV) in German social media data. The system uses a cascade of spellchecking operations including casing-, sound-and keyboard-based letter permutations, as well as letter context likelihoods, and combines partial and root spellchecking with compound analysis and heuristic inflection analysis in novel ways. The system also handles contractions, elisions and some tokenization errors. In addition, pattern-based recognition of foreign words and abbreviations is attempted, supported by jargon-informed lexicon expansion. Contextual Constraint Grammar (CG) disambiguation is used to resolve possible ambiguity. For Twitter data, F-scores of 87.3 and 77.1 were achieved for the identification and correct lemmatization, respectively, of German spelling errors and non-standard abbreviations. 77.6% of foreign words were recognized with 86.5% precision and 1/3 POS errors.
Applying the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to Automatic Grading Technology for Large Projects

Autograding technology, a form of Computer Based Assessment (CBA), should allow course enrollments to grow without reducing the number of exercises, however, these gains are not expected to be immune to problems with adoption. This study utilizes the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to explore student and staff perceptions of autograding technology. This study extends prior research by specifically exploring the phenomena in the context of large projects. Our study explores the perceptions of 128 students and course staff in an online master degree program in computer science at a large public university. Our research design was chosen to leverage existing theories while also providing findings that will enable practitioners to apply them to their decision making regarding autograding technology. We find that perceived usefulness was significantly correlated with behavioral intention for both students and staff, leading to our hypotheses being supported and partially supported. Additionally, we find that perceived ease of use is only significantly correlated with student’s intentions, and does not apply to course staff.
A Modular Framework for Modeling Unsaturated Soil Hydraulic Properties Over the Full Moisture Range

A generalized modular framework for partitioning soil hydraulic property (SHP) functions into a capillary and a noncapillary part is developed. The full water retention curve (WRC) is modeled as a weighted sum of a parametric capillary saturation function and a new general model for the noncapillary saturation function. This model is directly computed from any selected capillary saturation function. With it, a physically complete, continuous, and flexible representation of the WRC is achieved, ensuring zero water content at oven dryness. In a modular and hierarchical framework, the expressions for the capillary and noncapillary saturation function are used to calculate the respective hydraulic conductivity curves (HCC). This is achieved by adopting Mualem's integral for the capillary part of the HCC only and calculating the noncapillary HCC directly from the new noncapillary saturation function. This leads to consistent descriptions of measured HCC data, including the often observed change in slope beyond −100 cm pressure head. Compared to the classical van Genuchten‐Mualem approach, it requires only one additional model parameter. The SHP framework model describes both WRC and HCC adequately and coherently. We demonstrate the suitability of the SHP framework and versatility by describing measured WRC and HCC data across the full moisture range using soil samples from a wide range of textures and origins. The modular framework was implemented in the soil physics and soil hydrology (spsh) R‐package, available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network. It contains several SHP models, model parameter estimation, and features options for goodness of fit statistics, and model selection.
Household Food Security In The United States, 2000

Between 1998 and 2000, food insecurity fell by 11 percent and hunger by 16 percent. The declines were widespread, affecting most regions and types of households. For the year ending September 2000, nearly 90 percent of American households were food secure for the entire year. The rest were food insecure at least some time during the year, meaning they did not always have access to enough food for active, healthy lives for all household members. This report, based on data from the September 2000 food security survey, provides the most recent statistics on the food security of U.S. house- holds, as well as on how much they spent on food and the extent to which food-inse- cure households participated in Federal and community food assistance programs. The authors estimate that the typical U.S. household spent 36 percent more than the cost of USDA’s Thrifty Food Plan, while the typical food-insecure household spent 4 percent more. One-half of all food-insecure households participated in at least one of the three largest Federal food assistance programs in the month before the survey. About 17 per- cent of food-insecure households—2.4 percent of all U.S. households—obtained emer- gency food from a food pantry at some time during the year.
Dissociation between Selecting and Orienting Attentional Reading Deficits: A Study in Adults with Epilepsy

Word reading requires a range of spatial attention processes, such as orienting to a specific word and selecting it while ignoring other words. This study investigated whether deficits of these spatial attention processes can show dissociations after hemispheric lesions. Thirty-nine patients with left or right focal epilepsy and 66 healthy participants had to read aloud four-letter words presented in the left and right visual hemifields. There were three successive blocks of presentation: in the unilateral block, a single word was presented in one of the visual hemifields; in the bilateral block, two words were presented simultaneously, one in each visual hemifield; in the cued block, two words were also presented, but only the cued word had to be reported. Twenty-one patients, twelve with a left and nine with a right hemisphere lesion, showed a word reading deficit. Four had specific difficulties in the cued block, suggesting an attentional selection reading deficit. Twelve patients had an asymmetric reading deficit, suggesting an attention orientation or a visual field deficit. Five patients had more complex deficits. The visual field presentation procedure may help to reveal different types of reading disorders in patients with epilepsy and to dissociate orienting and selecting deficits.
Surface manifestations of the waves in the ocean covered with ice

This paper summarizes winter oceanographic measurements in the Spitsbergen fjords. The measurements allow us to analyze different processes that occur in the fjords covered with ice: semidiurnal tides, tsunami wave, wind waves, seiches, and high-frequency internal waves. Space and time scales of these processes were compared and the frequency spectra of the surface manifestations of these waves have been plotted on one graph. This is the e-book version of the article, published in Russian Journal of Earth Sciences (doi:10.2205/2016ES000561). It is generated from the original source file using LaTeX’s epub.cls class.
The terrible unknown: How uncertainty fosters nationalist and anti-immigration attitudes

Uncertainty-identity theory (Hogg, 2000, 2007, 2012) postulates that people strengthen their adherence to, and identification with, extreme ideologies when they undergo an enduring uncertainty regarding their self-definition. Concomitantly, nationalist and extreme right-wing ideologies have been associated with the attribution of a threatening character to immigrant and refugee groups. We propose that self-uncertainty precedes the perceived threat posed by the latter groups, which in turn predicts adherence to nationalist attitudes. In one correlational (Study 1; n = 169) and one experimental study (Study 2; n = 309), we tested the mediational effects of perceived realistic and symbolic threat towards immigrants on the association between self-uncertainty and nationalist attitudes (belief in national superiority, support for anti-immigration laws and intention to vote for an anti-immigration party). In both studies, perceived realistic threat emerged as the most reliable mediator between self-uncertainty and nationalist attitudes. In addition (Study 2), we found a causal effect of self-uncertainty on realistic threat. We discuss the implications of these findings for social inclusion policies based on the reduction of uncertainty generated by immigration.