Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Verification of a Concurrent Deque Implementation

We prove the correctness of the concurrent deque component of a recent implementation of the work-stealing algorithm. Specifically, we prove that this concurrent deque implementation is synchronizable. Synchronizability is a weaker condition than the more traditional notion of serializability. Our concurrent deque implementation is not serializable, but its synchronizability makes it sufficient for use in the work-stealing algorithm. Whereas serializability requires that concurrent method invocations appear as if they are executed atomically in some serial order, synchronizability allows some invocations to appear as if they are executed atomically at exactly the same time.
Coordinating Robot Teams for Disaster Relief

Abstract : To perform complex tasks, a team of robots requires both reactive and deliberative planning. For reactive control, a restricted variant of Linear Temporal Logic called General Reactivity(1) can be used to synthesize correct-by-construction controllers in polynomial time, but they often ignore time and resource constraints to maintain tractable synthesis. For deliberation, hierarchical planning can be used to reason about time and resources. However, the coordination of reactive control and deliberation remains a challenge, which we accomplish through a set of Coordination Variables. We integrate these two approaches in the Situated Decision Process (SDP), a system that we are developing. The SDP will allow an Operator to control a team of semi-autonomous vehicles performing information gathering tasks for Humanitarian Assistance / Disaster Relief operations. We demonstrate that the SDP responds to a dynamic, open world while ensuring that vehicles eventually perform their commanded actions.
The NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) of respiratory chains

The inner membranes of mitochondria contain three multi-subunit enzyme complexes that act successively to transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen, which is reduced to water (Fig. I). The first enzyme in the electron transfer chain, NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (or complex I), is the subject of this review. It removes electrons from NADH and passes them via a series of enzyme-bound redox centres (FMN and Fe-S clusters) to the electron acceptor ubiquinone. For each pair of electrons transferred from NADH to ubiquinone it is usually considered that four protons are removed from the matrix (see section 4.1 for further discussion of this point).
A Novel Approach to the Selection of Spatially Invariant Features for the Classification of Hyperspectral Images With Improved Generalization Capability

This paper presents a novel approach to feature selection for the classification of hyperspectral images. The proposed approach aims at selecting a subset of the original set of features that exhibits at the same time high capability to discriminate among the considered classes and high invariance in the spatial domain of the investigated scene. This approach results in a more robust classification system with improved generalization properties with respect to standard feature-selection methods. The feature selection is accomplished by defining a multiobjective criterion function made up of two terms: (1) a term that measures the class separability and (2) a term that evaluates the spatial invariance of the selected features. In order to assess the spatial invariance of the feature subset, we propose both a supervised method (which assumes that training samples acquired in two or more spatially disjoint areas are available) and a semisupervised method (which requires only a standard training set acquired in a single area of the scene and takes advantage of unlabeled samples selected in portions of the scene spatially disjoint from the training set). The choice for the supervised or semisupervised method depends on the available reference data. The multiobjective problem is solved by an evolutionary algorithm that estimates the set of Pareto-optimal solutions. Experiments carried out on a hyperspectral image acquired by the Hyperion sensor on a complex area confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Video object cosegmentation

We introduce and address the problem of video object cosegmentation, which concerns the task of segmenting the common object in a pair of video sequences. We present a new algorithm that works on super-voxels in videos to solve this task. The algorithm computes i the intra-video relative motion derived from dense optical flow and ii) the inter-video co-features based on Gaussian mixture models. The experimental results show that, by integrating the intra-video and inter-video information, our algorithm is able to obtain better results of segmenting video objects.
Molecular characterization of 1q44 microdeletion in 11 patients reveals three candidate genes for intellectual disability and seizures

Patients with a submicroscopic deletion at 1q43q44 present with intellectual disability (ID), microcephaly, craniofacial anomalies, seizures, limb anomalies, and corpus callosum abnormalities. However, the precise relationship between most of deleted genes and the clinical features in these patients still remains unclear. We studied 11 unrelated patients with 1q44 microdeletion. We showed that the deletions occurred de novo in all patients for whom both parents' DNA was available (10/11). All patients presented with moderate to severe ID, seizures and non‐specific craniofacial anomalies. By oligoarray‐based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) covering the 1q44 region at a high resolution, we obtained a critical deleted region containing two coding genes—HNRNPU and FAM36A—and one non‐coding gene—NCRNA00201. All three genes were expressed in different normal human tissues, including in human brain, with highest expression levels in the cerebellum. Mutational screening of the HNRNPU and FAM36A genes in 191 patients with unexplained isolated ID did not reveal any deleterious mutations while the NCRNA00201 non‐coding gene was not analyzed. Nine of the 11 patients did not present with microcephaly or corpus callosum abnormalities and carried a small deletion containing HNRNPU, FAM36A, and NCRNA00201 but not AKT3 and ZNF238, two centromeric genes. These results suggest that HNRNPU, FAM36A, and NCRNA00201 are not major genes for microcephaly and corpus callosum abnormalities but are good candidates for ID and seizures. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Learning domain-specific and domain-independent opinion oriented lexicons using multiple domain knowledge

Sentiment analysis systems are used to know the opinions of customer reviews. The basic resource for the sentiment analysis systems are polarity lexicon. Each term in polarity lexicon indicates its affinity towards positive or negative opinion. However, this affinity of word changes with the change in domain. In this work, we explore a polarity lexicon using SentiWordNet, a domain independent lexicon to adapt specific domain and update the domain independent lexicon based on multiple domain knowledge. The proposed approach has been tested on five domains: Health, Books, Camera, Music and DVD. The improvement in accuracy ranges from 4.5 to 19 pointsacross all the domains over baseline.
Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions for Targeted Drug Delivery to the Brain

Brain disorders including neurological disorders, inflammatory and infectious conditions of brain, brain cancer and brain stroke pose a significant challenge globally. The blood brain barrier (BBB) an important physiological barrier limits access of drug to the site of action. While passive diffusion and endogenous carrier mediated transport are two important mechanisms for the transport of substances across the BBB into the luminal side, efflux transporters severely limit drug concentration. Drug delivery strategies must address on one hand methods to bypass the BBB and on the other hand methods to overcome efflux transporters. Lipid based nanocarriers, liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles are widely investigated for brain targeting. Emulsion based lipid nanocarriers like microemulsions (ME) and nanoemulsions (NE) provide an additional advantage of greater bypass of the reticulo-endothelial system with improved brain targeting. More recently the promise of ME and NE for brain delivery has been cited. Oil, surfactants and water are the primary components of ME and NE. ME may additionally comprise cosurfactants. The reviews discusses the development of ME/NE, design of functional ME/NE by appropriate selection of primary ME/NE components which could provide improved brain delivery by functioning as stealth agent, absorption enhancer, efflux transporter inhibitor or even facilitate receptor mediated endocytosis. Engineering functional ME/NE into multifunctional ME/NE as a strategy to further enhance brain targeting is also presented. Functional and multifunctional excipients have been discussed. The possible routes of delivery namely intravenous, oral and intranasal and therapeutic applications of ME/NE designed for brain targeting is also reviewed.
A Place-Focused Model for Social Networks in Cities

The focused organization theory of social ties proposes that the structure of human social networks can be arranged around extra-network foci, which can include shared physical spaces such as homes, workplaces, restaurants, and so on. Until now, this has been difficult to investigate on a large scale, but the huge volume of data available from online location-based social services now makes it possible to examine the friendships and mobility of many thousands of people, and to investigate the relationship between meetings at places and the structure of the social network. In this paper, we analyze a large dataset from Foursquare, the most popular online location-based social network. We examine the properties of city-based social networks, finding that they have common structural properties, and that the category of place where two people meet has very strong influence on the likelihood of their being friends. Inspired by these observations in combination with the focused organization theory, we then present a model to generate city-level social networks, and show that it produces networks with the structural properties seen in empirical data.
Extracting Named Entities and Synonyms from Wikipedia

In many search domains, both contents and searches are frequently tied to named entities such as a person, a company or similar. An example of such a domain is a news archive. One challenge from an information retrieval point of view is that a single entity can have more than one way of referring to it. In this paper we describe how to use Wikipedia contents to automatically generate a dictionary of named entities and synonyms that are all referring to the same entity. This dictionary can subsequently be used to improve search quality, for example using query expansion. Through an experimental evaluation we show that with our approach, we can find named entities and their synonyms with a high degree of accuracy.
Analyzing Students' Cognitive Processing Patterns of a Socioscientific Issue Learning Activity with Online Discussion -- A Preliminary Result of Lag Sequential Analysis

Socioscientific issues (SSI) are frequently used to enhance student's decision ability and critical thinking skills. In order to help students be more immersed in the SSI problems, this study employed a socioscientific issue role-playing learning activity and used online discussion to support their collaboration. The cognitive process dimension of Revised Bloom's Taxonomy was used as coding scheme and used Lag Sequential Analysis (LSA) to depict students cognitive processing behavioral pattern. The preliminary results showed that students of different roles exhibited diverse cognitive processing behavioral patterns in online discussion. Results are discussed and expected to serve as guidance for conducting SSI related learning activity and subsequent research.
Video Games and Other Online Activities May Improve Health in Ageing

Humans are highly adaptable organisms. Our environment is now increasingly more digital, and we need to assimilate a vast amount of information, much of which requires us to act (1). This has an impact on our neuronal stress response mechanisms, which are activated in order to minimize any disturbance to our homeostasis, or more precisely to our homoeodynamic space (2). Therefore, function is dynamically maintained within healthy limits. In this paper, we propose that by exposing ourselves to informative, co-interactive digital platforms which are defined by a variety of “Information-that-requires-action in time and on demand,” we are subjected to beneficial positive stress which upregulates neuronal function. This neuronal upregulation has a positive impact on the rest of the somatic repair processes which may reduce age-related degeneration (3). Beneficial positive stress is invoked when the information is important or significant, in the sense that it entices the organism to act, and thus adapt (i.e., reach a state which is functionally better compared to the previous one). When such information reaches the neuron, it acts as a cognitive stimulus which induces the neuron to upregulate its metabolism in order to process this new information (4). It has been argued that such exposure to novel digital information can influence our somatic repair processes through hormetic events (3). Hormesis is a widespread phenomenon in nature that is defined by a non-linear “low dose stimulation, high dose inhibition” principle. This means that exposure to a relatively weak stimulus may positively challenge the organism and upregulate the stress response. This results in health benefits, whereas an excessive, suboptimal, or prolonged exposure may result in damage and disease (5). Hormetic challenges (positive stress) may be used in order to reduce age-related dysfunction in general (6).
FLAME IGNITION MECHANISMS IN POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCES AND INTERPRETATION

In this work, flaming ignition of montmorillonite clay polymer nanocomposites and microcomposites was addressed, showing variable trends in the time to ignition, as compared with the reference polymers. Temperatures on the surface layer of specimens irradiated in the cone calorimeter were measured during the test, to investigate the surface temperature at ignition. Viscosity measurement and in depth radiative absorption measurements were also carried out and correlated with ignition of polymer. Additionally, physical and chemical characterization of the condensed phase at different time, either before or after ignition, were carried out to investigate the evolution of the material during the combustion process.
Site-specific Pt deposition and etching on electrically and thermally isolated SiO2 micro-disk surfaces

Electrically and thermally isolated surfaces are crucial for improving the detection sensitivity of microelectronic sensors. The site-specific in situ growth of Pt nano-rods on thermally and electrically isolated SiO2 micro-disks using wet chemical etching and a focused ion/electron dual beam (FIB-SEM) is demonstrated. Fabrication of an array of micro-cavities on top of a micro-disk is also demonstrated. The FIB source is utilized to fabricate through-holes in the micro-disks. Due to the amorphous nature of SiO2 micro-disks, the Ga implantation possibly modifies through-hole sidewall surface chemistry rather than affecting its transport properties. Some sensor design concepts based on micro-fabrication of SiO2 micro-disks utilizing thermally and electrically isolated surfaces are discussed from the viewpoint of applications in photonics and bio-sensing.
The Median Preoptic Nucleus Reciprocally Modulates Activity of Arousal-Related and Sleep-Related Neurons in the Perifornical Lateral Hypothalamus

The perifornical–lateral hypothalamic area (PF/LH) contains neuronal groups playing an important role in control of waking and sleep. Among the brain regions that regulate behavioral states, one of the strongest sources of projections to the PF/LH is the median preoptic nucleus (MnPN) containing a sleep-active neuronal population. To evaluate the role of MnPN afferents in the control of PF/LH neuronal activity, we studied the responses of PF/LH cells to electrical stimulation or local chemical manipulation of the MnPN in freely moving rats. Single-pulse electrical stimulation evoked responses in 79% of recorded PF/LH neurons. No cells were activated antidromically. Direct and indirect transynaptic effects depended on sleep–wake discharge pattern of PF/LH cells. The majority of arousal-related neurons, that is, cells discharging at maximal rates during active waking (AW) or during AW and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, exhibited exclusively or initially inhibitory responses to stimulation. Sleep-related neurons, the cells with elevated discharge during non-REM and REM sleep or selectively active in REM sleep, exhibited exclusively or initially excitatory responses. Activation of the MnPN via microdialytic application of l-glutamate or bicuculline resulted in reduced discharge of arousal-related and in excitation of sleep-related PF/LH neurons. Deactivation of the MnPN with muscimol caused opposite effects. The results indicate that the MnPN contains subset(s) of neurons, which exert inhibitory control over arousal-related and excitatory control over sleep-related PF/LH neurons. We hypothesize that MnPN sleep-active neuronal group has both inhibitory and excitatory outputs that participate in the inhibitory control of arousal-promoting PF/LH mechanisms.
Assembly of Distinct Pilus Structures on the Surface of Corynebacterium diphtheriae

ABSTRACT Different surface organelles contribute to specific interactions of a pathogen with host tissues or infectious partners. Multiple pilus gene clusters potentially encoding different surface structures have been identified in several gram-positive bacterial genomes sequenced to date, including actinomycetales, clostridia, corynebacteria, and streptococci. Corynebacterium diphtheriae has been shown to assemble a pilus structure, with sortase SrtA essential for the assembly of a major subunit SpaA and two minor proteins, SpaB and SpaC. We report here the characterization of a second pilus consisting of SpaD, SpaE, and SpaF, of which SpaD and SpaE form the pilus shaft and SpaF may be located at the pilus tip. The structure of the SpaDEF pilus contains no SpaABC pilins as detected by immunoelectron microscopy. Neither deletion of spaA nor sortase srtA abolishes SpaDEF pilus formation. The assembly of the SpaDEF pilus requires specific sortases located within the SpaDEF pilus gene cluster. Although either sortase SrtB or SrtC is sufficient to polymerize SpaDF, the incorporation of SpaE into the SpaD pili requires sortase SrtB. In addition, an alanine in place of the lysine of the SpaD pilin motif abrogates pilus polymerization. Thus, SpaD, SpaE, and SpaF constitute a different pilus structure that is independently assembled and morphologically distinct from the SpaABC pili and possibly other pili of C. diphtheriae.
MeMod: A Modular Hacking and Programming Toolkit For Everyday Objects

This proposal presents a modular system design for a set of programmable tools with various form factors inspired by the relations between human body parts and industrial elements. By providing functional forms to sensors and actuators, and tangible methods of programming behaviors to the objects, we propose a more customizable experience in the area of the Internet of Things. We explore the design space through studying motions in everyday elements and introduce applications of digitally enabled modules in form factors such as hinge, joints, zipper etc. Lastly, we investigate physical ways to program these modules that affords playful interactions in the tangible world. The workshop will first focus on using probes, brainstorming toolkits to generate the design ideas related to themes such as super-powers, environments as extension of the body and next generation of ubiquitous computing [5]. By using the resources and tool-kits provided by the workshop organizers, participants will generate proof-of-concept prototype as final deliverables. Participants are required to bring personal laptops.
Hydrogen in materials and vacuum systems : First International wordshop on hydrogen in materials and vacuum systems, Newport News, Virginia 11-13 November 2002

All papers were peer-reviewed. Hydrogen plays a key role in materials, beneficial in some cases, problematic in others. In all such systems a detailed understanding of the hydrogen-based interaction is necessary for control, improvements, and for possible new applications. This hydrogen workshop proceeding incorporates contributions from semi-conducting, normal conducting (metals) and superconducting materials, as well as vacuum communities who deal with the hydrogen-materials issue. The technical areas covered in these proceedings include hydrogen in materials, hydrogen interactions and dynamics in semiconductors, hydrogen adsorption-storage-generation and distribution, hydrogen in niobium, hydrogen in vacuum systems, gaseous hydrogen accelerator structures, and magnetically suspended liquid hydrogen transfer lines.
Improved Clustering Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

: Minimum range of target teams that we tend to initial broadcast will cause optimum size to search out associate analytical model that cluster size and variety of cs mode; hybrid communication proposes a study of the link between. Again, we've got a centralized agglomeration algorithmic program supported analytical results obtained from the model planned. Finally, we have a tendency to gift a distributed implementation of agglomeration technique. During this project, we tend to even have energy consumption and WSN; safety recently secured and economical information transmission technique victimization the performance are targeted on up. The changed technique of victimization cs was tending to drop the amount of transmissions in device networks. Within the literature major work was done over cs technique is predicated on routing trees. Thus this permits United States of America to planned recent clustering based mostly technique that uses hybrid cs for device networks with goal of up the transmission performance and energy potency. Device nodes are organized in teams. Among a cluster, nodes transmit information to head ache (CH) while not using cs. CHs use cs to transmit information to drop. In our project we tend to are used as a planned SET-IBS algorithmic program that is employed for secure nodes information transmission. SET-IBS algorithmic program consists of 2 phases, one is setup part and second is steady-state introduce every spherical. We introduce the protocol data format and describe the key management of the protocol by exploitation the IBS theme, and also the protocol operations later on.
Pancreatic cancer: survival, errors and evidence

Background Resections for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma have now been carried out systematically for over 70 years. However, opinions still differ as to the results. Some consider it unresectable, whereas others claim a high survival percentage and recommend resections. Methods The literature on this surgery has been scrutinized from the onset, and 790 studies have been found that deal with resections and reveal survival information. Results Review reveals that the percentage of survivals is exaggerated with life-table methods when there is censoring of the data. Duplication of reporting survivors is rampant. Conclusion After adjusting for calculations and duplications, the total number of 5-year survivors can hardly be more than 700–800.