Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Schrödinger equations on a finite interval with point dissipation

The paper considers the initial value problem of a general type of nonlinear Schrodinger equations \begin{document}$ iu_t+u_{xx}+f(u) = 0 , \;\;\;\; u ( x, 0 ) = w_0 (x) $\end{document} posed on a finite domain \begin{document}$ x\in [0, L] $\end{document} with an \begin{document}$ L^2 $\end{document} -stabilizing feedback control law \begin{document}$ u(0, t) = \beta u(L, t), \beta u_x(0, t)-u_x(L, t) = i\alpha u(0, t), $\end{document} where \begin{document}$ L>0 $\end{document} , \begin{document}$ \alpha, \beta $\end{document} are real constants with \begin{document}$ \alpha\beta and \begin{document}$ \beta\neq \pm 1 $\end{document} , and \begin{document}$ f(u) $\end{document} is a smooth function from \begin{document}$ \mathbb{C} $\end{document} to \begin{document}$ \mathbb{C} $\end{document} satisfying some growth conditions. It is shown that for \begin{document}$ s \in \left ( \frac12, 1\right ] $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ w_0 (x) \in H^s(0, L ) $\end{document} with the boundary conditions described above, the problem is locally well-posed for \begin{document}$ u \in C([0, T]; H^s (0, L )) $\end{document} . Moreover, the solution with small initial condition exists globally and approaches to 0 as \begin{document}$ t \rightarrow + \infty $\end{document} .
Design Optimisation and Performance Evaluation of Flux Switching Machines for Geared Medium-Speed Wind Generator Drives

In this paper, a novel Ph.D. research process leading to the multi-objective design optimisation (MDO) of geared medium-speed flux switching machine (FSM) for wind generator drives is rehashed. The highlights of the study include, among other things, the electromagnetic design of two preferred FSM topologies based on an in-house two-dimensional finite element analyses tool, the MDO of key generator design and performance data, and the evaluation of different FSM drivetrain variants such as rare-earth versus none-rare-earth designs, as well as their characterisation at different small-and large-scale power levels. The major findings of the study include the superior performance of the proposed generator brands at multi-megawatts power levels, as well as the feasibility of the MDO procedure yielding a cocktail of multiple designs options with some useful data relating to torque density, torque ripple and power factor of the studied machines. Lastly, a practical demonstration based on a 10 kW none-rare-earth prototype as undertaken to validate the design approach, displayed good confidence.
Miniaturized dual‐band branch‐line coupler with enhanced bandwidth

In this letter, a miniaturized hybrid dual‐band branch‐line coupler (BLC) with enhanced fractional bandwidths is proposed. Compact size and bandwidth enhancement are obtained using meandered transmission line sections with broken symmetry between cross‐coupling branches. The circuit is designed at a low numerical cost using surrogate‐assisted techniques. The optimized design features small size of only 0.25 λ g × 0.19 λ g (28% miniaturization with respect to conventional single‐band structure), as well as fractional bandwidths of 16% and 9% for 2.5 GHz and 5.4 GHz center frequencies, respectively. The proposed structure is compared against state‐of‐the‐art dual‐band couplers and validated experimentally.
Functional impairment in patients with Schizotypal , Borderline , Avoidant , and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare psychosocial functioning in patients with schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and patients with major depressive disorder and no personality disorder. Method: Patients (N=668) were recruited by the four clinical sites of the Collabora-tive Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study. The carefully diagnosed study groups were compared on an array of domains of psychosocial functioning, as measured by the Longitudinal Interval Follow-Up Evaluation—Baseline Version and the Social Adjustment Scale. Results: Patients with schizotypal personality disorder and borderline personality disorder were found to have significantly more impairment at work, in social relationships , and at leisure than patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder or major depressive disorder; patients with avoidant personality disorder were intermediate. These differences were found across assessment modalities and remained significant after covarying for demographic differences and comorbid axis I psychopathology. Conclusions: Personality disorders are a significant source of psychiatric morbidity, accounting for more impairment in functioning than major depressive disorder alone. Impai rment in psychosocial functioning is integral to the concept of a personality disorder. Only when personality traits are sufficiently inflexible and maladaptive to cause significant functional impairment (or subjective distress) is normal personality style distinguished from a pathological personality disorder. DSM-IV codified a requirement for impairment in its criterion C of the general diagnostic criteria for a personality disorder, which states that " the enduring pattern [of inner experience and behavior , i.e., personality] leads to clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning " (p. 633). Since 1980, when attention was focused on personality disorders by placing them on a separate diagnostic axis (axis II) of DSM-III's multiaxial system, a number of studies have documented functional impairment in patients with personality disorders compared with patients with no personality disorder or with other axis I disorders. Most of these studies inferred functional impairment from various sociodemographic statuses believed to reflect psychosocial functioning, such as educational attainment , marital status, or employment. A majority of these studies found that patients with personality disorders were more likely than those without or with other disorders to be separated, divorced, or never married (1– 11) and to have had more unemployment, frequent job changes, or periods of disability (4, 5, 7, 9, 12, 13). Only rarely were they found to be less educated (1, 12). Fewer studies have examined quality of functioning, but in those that …
Pleasure and Guilt On the Grand Tour: Travel Writing and Imaginative Geography, 1600-1830

This work examines the forms of language that map out Italy and the warm south as an imaginative topography of pleasure within British and French travel writing, over the period 1600 to 1830. The book considers the Tour with reference not to the social history of travel but rather to strategies of description and commentary, narrative and thematic orderings and arguments and assumptions about how the encounter with the foreign should be managed. Traveller's descriptions of art and landscape are set within this wider context and the range of different concepts of gender are discussed - in particular of effeminacy and manliness - that are formed within commentaries on Italian landscape and culture. The book concludes by charting two conflicting approaches to the foreign which were first formulated around the 1790s and still determine attitudes to travel today. While the Romantic approach defines travelling as a personal adventure which involves crossing boundaries and encountering dangers, the approach of the tourist aims to keep danger and destabilization at bay.
Model Error Estimation for the CPTEC Eta Model

Statistical data assimilation systems require the specification of forecast and observation error statistics. Forecast error is due to model imperfections and differences between the initial condition and the actual state of the atmosphere. Practical four-dimensional variational (4D-Var) methods try to fit the forecast state to the observations and assume that the model error is negligible. Here with a number of simplifying assumption, a framework is developed for isolating the model error given the forecast error at two lead-times. Two definitions are proposed for the Talagrand ratio r, the fraction of the forecast error due to model error rather than initial condition error. Data from the CPTEC Eta Model running operationally over South America are used to calculate forecast error statistics and lower bounds for r.
Consensus analysis of hybrid multiagent systems: A game‐theoretic approach

This paper considers a consensus problem for hybrid multiagent systems, which comprise two groups of agents: a group of continuous‐time dynamic agents and a group of discrete‐time dynamic agents. Firstly, a game‐theoretic approach is adopted to model the interactions between the two groups of agents. To achieve consensus for the considered hybrid multiagent systems, the cost functions are designed. Moreover, it is shown that the designed game admits a unique Nash equilibrium. Secondly, sufficient/necessary conditions of solving consensus are established. Thirdly, we find that the convergence speed of the system depends on the game. By the mechanism design of the game, the convergence speed is increased. Finally, simulation examples are given to validate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Applying time series interferometric synthetic aperture radar and the unscented Kalman filter to predict deformations in Maoxian landslide

Abstract. On June 24, 2017, a catastrophic landslide occurred in Maoxian County, Sichuan, China, burying an entire village and more than 100 people. We focused on mapping and predicting the deformation in Maoxian before the landslide based on 39 C-band synthetic aperture radar images acquired by the Sentinel-1 satellite. In order to identify sufficient measurement points in rural areas, the images were first filtered with joint scatterer interferometric synthetic aperture radar to increase the number of measurement points 20 times. Then, the cumulative time series deformation in the landslide area from November 7, 2014, to June 12, 2017, was obtained by employing a time series InSAR technique combined with an unscented Kalman filter (UKF) to predict the deformation by separating the prediction and update steps. Approximately, 30 suspected landslide points were found in the area. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the experimental results suggested that combining time series InSAR with UKF can be used to predict deformation trends with millimetric accuracy at a large scale before landslides occur.
Deaths: preliminary data for 2001.

OBJECTIVES This report presents preliminary data on deaths for the year 2001 in the United States. U.S. data on deaths are shown by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Death rates for 2001 are based on population estimates consistent with the April 1, 2000, census. Data on life expectancy, leading causes of death, infant mortality, and deaths resulting from September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks are also presented. For comparison, this report also presents revised final death rates for 2000, based on populations consistent with the April 1, 2000, census. METHODS Data in this report are based on a large number of deaths comprising approximately 98 percent of the demographic file and 92 percent of the medical file for all deaths in the United States in 2001. The records are weighted to independent control counts of infant deaths and deaths 1 year and over received in State vital statistics offices for 2001. Unless otherwise indicated, comparisons are made with final data for 2000. For certain causes of death, preliminary data differ from final data because of the truncated nature of the preliminary file. These are, in particular, accidents, homicides, suicides, and respiratory diseases. Populations were produced for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) under a collaborative arrangement with the U.S. Census Bureau. The populations reflect the results of the 2000 census. This census allowed people to report more than one race for themselves and their household members and also separated the category for Asian or Pacific Islander persons into two groups (Asian and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander). These changes reflect the Office of Management and Budget's (OMB) 1997 revisions to the standards for the classification of Federal data on race and ethnicity. Because only one race is currently reported in death certificate data, the 2000 census populations were "bridged" to the single race categories specified in OMB's 1977 guidelines for race and ethnic statistics in Federal reporting, which are still in use in the collection of vital statistics data. RESULTS The age-adjusted death rate in 2001 for the United States decreased slightly from 869.0 deaths per 100,000 population in 2000 to 855.0 in 2001. For causes of death, declines in age-adjusted death rates occurred for Diseases of heart, Malignant neoplasms, Cerebrovascular diseases, Accidents (unintentional injuries), and Influenza and pneumonia. Age-adjusted death rates also declined for drug-induced deaths between 2000 and 2001. Age-adjusted death rates increased between 2000 and 2001 for the following causes: Alzheimer's disease, Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis, Essential (primary) hypertension and hypertensive renal disease, and Assault (homicide). The increase in homicide was a direct result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The infant mortality rate did not change between 2000 and 2001. Life expectancy at birth rose by 0.2 years to a record high of 77.2 years.
How do Europeans differ in their attitudes to immigration?: Findings from the European Social Survey 2002/03 – 2016/17

Nordic countries such as Sweden, Norway and Finland have been consistently the most favourable to immigration while eastern European countries such as the Czech Republic and Hungary have been the least favourable. Despite their relatively high average levels of support for immigration, however, many countries of western and northern Europe are quite strongly polarized internally along educational and age lines. This can perhaps explain why political divisions over immigration can be so salient in these countries. Comparing results from 2002/03 and 2016/07, one finds that European attitudes were on average quite stable. However, a number of countries became more generous while several others became more negative. On the issue of government policy towards refugees, there was a marked shift in a negative direction after the 2015/16 refugee crisis. Countries such as Austria, Germany, and Sweden which had experienced large inflows of refugees showed particularly large declines in public support for generous government policy towards asylum requests.
Decreased survival of mosquito cells after stable transfection with a Drosophila ecdysteroid response element: Possible involvement of a 40 kDa DNA binding protein

Abstract Homologous transfection systems provide a useful tool for characterizing promoters and other regulatory elements from cloned genes. We have used cultured Aedes albopictus C7–10 mosquito cells to evaluate expression of 20-hydroxyecdysone-inducible genes. Although this cell line has previously been shown to synthesize components of the ecdysteroid receptor and ecdysone-inducible proteins, the well-characterized ecdysteroid response element (EcRE) from the Drosophila hsp27 promoter failed to confer a substantial 20-hydroxyecdysone mediated induction in transfected mosquito cells. Recovery of stably transformed clones was also reduced in a DNA dependent manner when the EcREs were in the sense orientation, relative to control plasmids lacking the EcREs or containing an antisense construct. Finally, when tandem EcREs were placed within the hsp70 promoter, CAT activity was detected only after prolonged enzyme incubation, suggesting that the DNA interfered with cellular metabolism. In these constructs, we noted that the promoter DNA contained several potential binding sites for the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor, one of which lay between the tandem EcREs. On southwestern blots, a 40 kDa nuclear protein from C7–10 cells bound to DNA containing AP-1 sites. A DNA affinity column was used to partially purify the 40 kDa protein, and western analysis showed that the mosquito protein cross-reacted with a heterologous antibody to JUN. Likewise, mRNA from C7–10 cells cross-hybridized with the jun cDNA from Drosophila. These results suggest that like estrogen, 20-hydroxyecdysone interfaces with AP-1 as a co-activator protein that modulates the overall hormone response.
Effect of annealing temperature on crystalline structure and domains configuration of BiFeO3 films

Abstract The BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films were prepared on Pt(111)TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates by the sol-gel method at different annealing temperatures. The crystalline structure and domain configuration of BFO films have been investigated by X-ray diffraction and piezoelectric force microscope (PFM), respectively. From the X-ray patterns, there are less impurity peaks when the BFO films are annealed at 600 °C. From the PFM images, the polarization is random and the grain size decreases with the increasing of annealing temperature. It is found that the possibility of single-domain grain formation increased with the decreasing of grain size, and the biggest single-domain grains is about 200 nm in diameter. Besides, a typical domain wall is observed, and it is 71° or 109°.
Spectrum Sharing in mmWave Cellular Networks Using Clustering Algorithms

This paper concerns the problem of spectrum sharing in mmWave cellular networks, where multiple network operators are granted access to the same spectrum resources. Prior spectrum sharing schemes for mmWave cellular networks have two limitations: high coordination overhead and high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose two spectrum sharing schemes for the mobile scenario and the stationary scenario, respectively. In the mobile scenario, we propose a Spectrum sharing scheme using Clustering Algorithms to find the Optimal Positions of Mobile BSes (SCA-OPM). In the stationary scenario, we propose a Spectrum sharing scheme using Clustering Algorithms to Select the most appropriate Subset from all BSes (SCA-SSB). Moreover, for each newly-arriving mobile terminal (MT), we propose two online spectrum sharing schemes based on our SCA-OPM scheme and SCA-SSB scheme, which effectively saves the overall overhead and complexity. Our experimental results show that the SCA-OPM scheme has the best performance, while the SCA-SSB scheme has the same performance as that of the prior scheme but with lower overhead and lower complexity. When the MT density is 200 MTs/km2, for the sum-rate with 10−2 bits/s/Hz, the performance gap between the SCA-OPM scheme and the remaining schemes achieves about 19 dB. Moreover, our online schemes have the same performance as those of their counterpart schemes but with lower overhead and lower complexity for the scenario of a few newly-arriving MTs.
CrossTalk proposal: Heart rate variability is a valid measure of cardiac autonomic responsiveness

Marek Malik , Katerina Hnatkova, Heikki V. Huikuri, Federico Lombardi, Georg Schmidt and Markus Zabel National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital, Oulu, Finland Cardiologia, IRCCS Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Heart Center – University of Göttingen Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
The Arabian Gulf in antiquity

Alexander, the Seleucids, and the Arabian Gulf North-Eastern Arabia during the Hellenistic Period Bahrian from the Hellenistic Era to the Sasanian Period the Hellenistic Period on Failaka North-Eastern Arabia during the Parthian and Sasanian Periods South-Eastern Arabia from the Hellenistic Era to the Sasanian period.
Contribution of urban vegetable production to farmers' livelihood: a case of the Kumasi Metropolis of Ashanti Region of Ghana.

The number of urban poor is rapidly increasing as urban population grows. Urban vegetable production is therefore a response to the available market demand and the challenges of unemployment and food insecurity resulting from the urbanisation. The study examined the contribution of urban vegetable production to farmers’ livelihoods in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ashanti Region of Ghana. Descriptive survey design was used for the study. Based on a simple random sampling technique, 300 urban vegetable farmers were selected and interviewed. Cronbach alpha coefficient values showed high reliability and consistency of the farmers’ livelihood subscales. The study that the contribution of urban vegetable production to farmers’ livelihoods differed significantly regarding different livelihood subscales (ANOVA). Post-hoc multiple comparisons test (Dunnett’s T3) result revealed that the contribution of urban vegetable production to farmers’ mean livelihoods was generally ‘low’. However, it contributed ‘moderately high’ to their natural and physical capitals. The strength of association between farmers’ mean livelihood subscales also showed that urban vegetable production impacted differently and significantly on their livelihoods. It is recommended that Farmer Based Organisations (FBOs) should be formed to help empower and protect farmers’ from the exploitation of prospective buyers. It would also help address common challenges confronting members including high input cost, lack of credit facilities and inadequate marketing avenues.
Institutions and Pro-Poor Growth: Towards a Framework for Quantitative Analysis.

This paper reviews existing quantitative research on the relationship between institutions and economic growth in general, and pro-poor growth in particular. The tools proposed by the Operationalising Pro-Poor Growth (OPPG) programme are extremely useful in generating stylized facts about pro-poor growth; however, the OPPG tools in most part do not provide an analysis of the determinants of pro-poor growth. Cross-country econometric methods, which have been the dominant approach in the literature, suffer from weak instrument problems that make it difficult to interpret the role of institutions in economic growth as causal; furthermore, cross-country regression analysis is based on the implicit assumption of ‘homogeneity’ in the observed relationship across countries, an assumption which seems untenable when considering the context-specificity of the impact of institutions on economic growth. Further quantitative research on institutions and pro-poor growth should address the determinants of the form and functioning of economic institutions and their impact on pro-poor growth, using sub-national units (region/state/ village), households and firms as units of analysis.
Cation exchange strategy to single-atom noble-metal doped CuO nanowire arrays with ultralow overpotential for H2O splitting.

Single-atom site catalysts (SACs) have aroused enormous attention and brought about new opportunities for many applications. Herein, we report a versatile strategy to rhodium single atomic site catalysts (Rh SAC) by a facile cation exchange reaction. Remarkably, the Rh SAC modified CuO nanowire arrays on copper foam (Rh SAC-CuO NAs/CF) shows unprecedented alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity with a high current density of 84.5 mA cm-2 @1.5 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), 9.7 times of that of the commercial Ir/C/CF. For the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), Rh SAC-CuO NAs/CF drives a high current density of 81.3 mA cm-2 at the potential of -0.15 V vs. RHE, which is even higher than that of the benchmark Pt/C/CF (62.2 mA cm-2). More strikingly, when used as anode and cathode for overall water splitting, the Rh SAC-CuO NAs/CF || Rh SAC-CuO NAs/CF can achieve 10 mA cm-2 at only 1.51 V. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the high OER and HER intrinsic catalytic activities result from moderate adsorption energy of intermediates on Rh SAC. Finally, we demonstrate the general synthesis of different single-atom noble-metal catalysts on CuO NAs (M SAC-CuO NAs/CF, where M = Ru, Ir, Os and Au).