Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generations and Ideological Change: Some Observations

The recollections of 28 cohorts of college graduates-all of them former recipients of Woodrow Wilson Fellowships for graduate study-of historical events between 1945 and 1971 and their participation in activities specifically associated with the peace movement and student activism of the 1960s were brought to bear on Mannheim's theory of generations. The analysis suggests proportionately greater sensitivity to the events of the 1960 among those who reached the age of 20 near the middle of the decade, a finding that bears out generational theory. But despite this apparently heightened sensitivity among those the fight age at the right time, the effect of these recollections and experiences on attitudes expressed in 1973 was consistently overshadowed by even stronger attitudinal effects attributable to an early commitment to activism. The latter was more closely related to the family milieu than to having come of age politically in a particular historical period. The data were obtained from a mail survey of 1321 former Wilson Fellows. Carl W. Roberts is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology and the Department of Statistics, Iowa State University. Kurt Lang is Director and Professor, School of Communications, University of Washington. An earlier version of this article was presented at the American Sociological Association in Detroit, September 1983. The authors are grateful to Andrea Tyree and Katherine Williams for their helpful comments. Public Opinion Quarterly Vol 49:460-473 ? by the American Association for Public Opinion Research Published by Elsevier Science Publishing Co, Inc. 0033-362X/85/0049-460/$2 50 This content downloaded from 157.55. 39.104 on Mon, 20 Jun 2016 06:19:14 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor. org/terms GENERATIONS AND IDEOLOGICAL CHANGE 461 the historical process. "That people are born at the same time, or that their youth, adulthood, and old age coincide," wrote Mannheim, " . create[s] a similar location [in] that they are in a position to experience the same events and data, etc., and especially that these experiences impinge on a similarly 'stratified' consciousness" (1952: 297), at least insofar as they reside within some proximity and/or are part of the same polity. Although within these limits contemporaries of all ages are exposed to the same events, the older age groups will already have formed their own "natural view" of these events. As a result, what is a shared experience becomes stratified by a multiplicity of perspectives that are, so to speak, generational. Each age group brings its own point of view to bear on these
Infants, Toddlers, and Caregivers

Combining a child-centered philosophy with problem-solving strategies and a thorough discussion of diversity, Infants, Toddlers, and Caregivers offers an ideal introduction Knowing when he picked some colored blocks on site support to the diapering sleeping area. For a very good bye and administrators work together to ensure seamless transitions between caregivers. The home than the quality care, for longer current. The deep responsive to infants and react. A place for example of child with the caregiver parent is documented. Primary caregiver who are caregiving and toddlers theodore wachs discusses factors to go. The open to go do and he looked at mindy attended get.
Physical and chemical modifications of collagen gels: Impact on diffusion

The extracellular matrix (ECM) represents a major barrier for delivery of therapeutic drugs, and the transport is determined by the ECM composition, structure, and distribution. Because of the high interstitial fluid pressure in tumors, diffusion becomes the main transport mechanism through ECM. The purpose of this work was to study the impact of the structure of the collagen network on diffusion, by studying to what extent the orientation and chemical modification of the collagen network influenced diffusion. Collagen gels with a concentration of 0.2–2.0% that is comparable with the amount of collagen in the tumor ECM were used as a model system for ECM. Collagen gels were aligned in a low‐strength magnetic field and geometrical confinement, and chemically modified by adding decorin or hyaluronan. Diffusion of dextran 2‐MDa molecules in the collagen gels was measured using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. Alignment of the collagen fibers in our gels was found to have no impact on the diffusion coefficient. Adding decorin reduced the diameter of the collagen fibers, but no effect on diffusion was observed. Hyaluronan also reduced the fiber diameter, and high concentration of hyaluronan (2.5 mg/ml) increased the diffusion coefficient. The results indicate that the structure of the collagen network is not a major factor in determining the diffusion through the ECM. Rather, increasing the concentration of collagen was found to reduce the diffusion coefficient. Concentration of the collagen network is more important than the structure in determining the diffusion coefficient. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 89: 135–143, 2008.
Women’s Responses to Sexual Violence by Male Intimates

The purpose of this grounded theory study was to devise a theoretical framework that describes the problem of sexual violence by male intimates from the point of view of 23 women who have experienced such violence at some time in their adult lives. The core variable, forging ahead in a dangerous world, reflects the women’s descriptions of life after violence as a struggle to get on with their lives in a social world they know through firsthand experience to be unsafe. The theoretical framework includes three variations of forging ahead (getting back on track, starting over again, and surviving the long, hard road) described by three subgroups of women who experienced different types of sexual violence. The framework also outlines three common processes used to forge ahead: telling others, making sense of the violence, and creating a safer life. The nature and meaning of these processes differ according to group.
Convergence in Simulated Evolution Algorithms

New simulated evolution algorithms are presented for global minimization. The main feature of these algorithms is to couple the standard mutation and selection operators into a single operator. Exponential probabilities are also introduced so as to stress the relevance of statistical mechanics arguments. The work follows the stream of large deviations techniques developed to analyze the simulated annealing and genetic algorithms.
Automatic extraction of drug-drug interaction from literature through detecting clause dependency and linguistic-based negation

Extracting biomedical relations such as drug-drug interaction (DDI) from text is an important task in biomedical NLP. Due to the large number of complex sentences in biomedical literature, researchers have employed some sentence simplification techniques to improve the performance of the relation extraction methods. However, due to difficulty of the task, there is no noteworthy improvement in the research literature. This paper aims to explore clause dependency related features alongside to linguistic-based negation scope and cues to overcome complexity of the sentences. The experiments indicate the ratio of negation cues which is another source of inaccuracy is higher in complex sentences in comparison with simple ones. Additionally, the results show by employing the proposed features combined with a bag of words kernel, the performance of the used kernel methods improves. Moreover, experiments show the enhanced local context kernel outperforms other methods. The proposed method can be used as an alternative approach for sentence simplification techniques in biomedical area which is an error-prone task.
Bimanual non-congruent actions in motor neglect syndrome: a combined behavioral/fMRI study

In Motor Neglect (MN) syndrome, a specific impairment in non-congruent bimanual movements has been described. In the present case-control study, we investigated the neuro-functional correlates of this behavioral deficit. Two right-brain-damaged (RBD) patients, one with (MN+) and one without (MN−) MN, were evaluated by means of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) in a bimanual Circles-Lines (CL) paradigm. Patients were requested to perform right-hand movements (lines-drawing) and, simultaneously, congruent (lines-drawing) or non-congruent (circles-drawing) left-hand movements. In the behavioral task, MN− patient showed a bimanual-coupling-effect, while MN+ patient did not. The fMRI study showed that in MN−, a fronto-parietal network, mainly involving the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), was significantly more active in non-congruent than in congruent conditions, as previously shown in healthy subjects. On the contrary, MN+ patient showed an opposite pattern of activation both in pre-SMA and in PPC. Within this fronto-parietal network, the pre-SMA is supposed to exert an inhibitory influence on the default coupling of homologous muscles, thus allowing the execution of non-congruent movements. In MN syndrome, the described abnormal pre-SMA activity supports the hypothesis that a failure to inhibit ipsilesional motor programs might determine a specific impairment of non-congruent movements.
Décisions de restructuration et jeux d'acteurs : la construction de l'acceptabilité sociale des licenciements accompagnés de plans sociaux

Comment, selon quelles logiques et avec quels resultats les institutions representatives du personnel (IRP) interviennent-elles dans les processus de restructurations accompagnees de plans sociaux ? Nous presentons une analyse des mecanismes de decision en matiere de restructurations avec suppressions d’emploi avant d’examiner les modes d’action des IRP lors de licenciements collectifs accompagnes de plans sociaux. Ces deux processus contribuent a la construction de l’acceptabilite sociale de cette modalite particuliere de suppressions d’emploi.
Hybrid-mounted micromachined aluminum hotwires for wall shear-stress measurements

In this paper, we present a micromachined metal hotwire anemometer sensor for use in wall shear-stress measurements. We describe its design and fabrication. A novel hybrid assembly method has been developed to make it possible to measure close to the surface without contacting leads interfering with the flow. Experimental results illustrate the behavior and characteristics of this sensor.
The Immunology of Immediate and Delayed Hypersensitivity Reaction to Gluten

The immunology of gluten hypersensitivity and celiac disease has been pursued with significant interest in the past 20 years. For the prevention of systemic diseases, most pathogens that gain entry into our bodies must be met with an effective immune response, yet in the gastrointestinal tract it is equally important that commensal bacteria and a diverse collection of dietary proteins and peptides be recognized without eliciting an active immune response or constant activation of the inflammatory pathway. This phenomenon of hyporesponsiveness to food antigens is known as oral tolerance. This oral tolerance to dietary antigens is maintained by three different mechanisms: anergy, cell deletion and immune suppression. However, in the presence of mechanical/chemical stressors and infections, this tolerance may break down, and gut associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) will react to different luminal antigens. The reaction of GALT to these antigens may lead to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, opening of tight junctions, entry of undigested antigens into the circulation, and the subsequent production of IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE antibodies in blood and secretory components. Like any other food hypersensitivity reaction, gluten sensitivity can be divided into immediate and delayed hypersensitivities. In this review an attempt is made first to differentiate immediate hypersensitivity to gliadin, mediated by IgE, from delayed hypersensitivity, which is mediated by IgA and IgG. Furthermore, we attempt to differentiate between gluten hypersensitivity with enteropathy (celiac disease) and gluten hypersensitivity without enteropathy.
Whose look into the future? Participation in technology assessment and foresight

Technology assessment and foresight are instruments that aim to anticipate future developments and conditions and, therefore, are intended to provide orientations for present decision-making. Although to different extents, both instruments procedurally and methodologically rely on participatory procedures for anticipation. Building on the analytical concepts of co-production and boundary work, we analyze the practices of participatory knowledge production in ten technology assessment and foresight projects in Austria. In the first step, we examine the conceptualization and realization of participation by identifying their underlying rationales. In the second step, we show how different rationales influence the selection of participants and their interactions. We then show how particular actors and related role expectations are assigned to specific modes of anticipation. Finally, we highlight the covert domination of experts and project managers in the overall framing of problems and the challenges that they face when their framings are questioned by other participants.
Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among women during the first trimester of pregnancy at a tertiary care hospital in Haryana

Background: Undetected and untreated thyroid disorders are associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. There are limited data on the prevalence of newly diagnosed thyroid disease during pregnancy from India. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, especially hypothyroidism during the first trimester of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of endocrinology and antenatal clinic in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak over a period of 1-year. The total sample population comprised of 461 pregnant women with uncomplicated intrauterine singleton pregnancies in the first trimester of gestation without any history of thyroid disease or intake of any thyroid medication. Morning blood samples from the participants were analyzed for thyroid function tests, which included FT3, FT4, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO). Results: A total of 461 women were enrolled for this study. Mean maternal age was 23.79 ± 3.47 years. Median gestational age was 8 weeks 5 days. The median FT3, FT4 and TSH were 3.3 pg/mL, 1.25 ng/dL, and 1.40 mIU/L, respectively. Anti-TPO was elevated in 128 (27.8%) pregnant women. 99 (21.5%) women had sub-clinical hypothyroidism and 39 (39.4%) among them were positive for anti-TPO (P ≤ 0.001). 2 (0.4%) of women had overt hyperthyroidism, whereas 15 (3.3%) of the women had sub-clinical hyperthyroidism. Conclusion: Considering the immense impact that maternal thyroid dysfunction has on maternal and fetal outcomes, prompt identification of thyroid dysfunction and its timely treatment is essential. Thus, universal screening of pregnant women for thyroid dysfunction should be considered especially in a country like India due to the high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction.
The relationship between evolutionary and physiological variation in hemoglobin

Physiological and evolutionary adaptations operate at very different time scales. Nevertheless, there are reasons to believe there should be a strong relationship between the two, as together they modify the phenotype. Physiological adaptations change phenotype by altering certain microscopic parameters; evolutionary adaptation can either alter genetically these same parameters or others to achieve distinct or similar ends. Although qualitative discussions of this relationship abound, there has been very little quantitative analysis. Here, we use the hemoglobin molecule as a model system to quantify the relationship between physiological and evolutionary adaptations. We compare measurements of oxygen saturation curves of 25 mammals with those of human hemoglobin under a wide range of physiological conditions. We fit the data sets to the Monod–Wyman–Changeux model to extract microscopic parameters. Our analysis demonstrates that physiological and evolutionary change act on different parameters. The main parameter that changes in the physiology of hemoglobin is relatively constant in evolution, whereas the main parameter that changes in the evolution of hemoglobin is relatively constant in physiology. This orthogonality suggests continued selection for physiological adaptability and hints at a role for this adaptability in evolutionary change.
Depth Estimation and Inpainting with an Unconstrained Camera

Unrestricted camera motion and the ability to operate over a range of lens parameters are often desirable when using an off-the-shelf camera. Variations in intrinsic and extrinsic parameters induce defocus and pixel motion, both of which relate to scene structure. We propose a depth estimation approach by elegantly coupling the motion and defocus cues. We further advocate a natural extension of our framework for inpainting both depth and image, using the motion cue. Unlike traditional inpainting, our approach also considers defocus blur. This ensures that the image inpainting is coherent with respect to defocus. We use the belief propagation method in our estimation approach, which also handles occlusions and uses the color image segmentation cue.
Politics, Security and Development in Small States

terdependence. The China and USSR chapters stress domestic economic change as well as political trends. Moon and Pirages consider political changes only after extensively documenting global economic and ecological trends. This attempt to bridge the gap between international political economy and comparative foreign policy perspectives is welcomed, although one suspects that this ambitious expansion of the book's focus is one reason for the diminished attention to concrete theorizing about political effects on foreign policy. In summary, this is a good book as far as it goes, and it is recommended to those interested in the roots of foreign policy transformations as well as the dynamics of change in the global system. Boyd and Hopple have succeeded in putting together a set of chapters that are substantively rich, well documented, and rather imaginative. Regrettably, though, as a collective effort it could have gone much further in advancing our conceptualizations of political phenomenon and theoretical understanding of their relationships to foreign policy changes. It lacks some of the theoretical precision of Holsti's Why Nations Realign, but then some readers will welcome some of the broader themes noted above. And the theorist working in this area will find that the case studies offer good material to be mined in developing testable generalizations about political change and foreign policy.
Design and Implementation of a Crypto Processor and Its Application to Security System

This paper presents the design and implementation of a crypto processor, a special-purpose microprocessor optimized for the execution of cryptography algorithms. This crypto processor can be used for various security applications such as storage devices, embedded systems, network routers, etc. The crypto processor consists of a 32-bit RISC processor block and a coprocessor block dedicated to the SEED and triple-DES (data encryption standard) symmetric key crypto (cryptography) algorithms. The crypto processor has been designed and fabricated as a single VLSI chip using 0.5 m CMOS technology. To test and demonstrate the capabilities of this chip, a custom board providing real-time data security for a data storage device has been developed. Testing results show that the crypto processor operates correctly at a working frequency of 30MHz and a bandwidth of 240Mbps
Localization of Proteins to Different Layers and Regions of Bacillus subtilis Spore Coats

ABSTRACT Bacterial spores are encased in a multilayered proteinaceous shell known as the coat. In Bacillus subtilis, over 50 proteins are involved in spore coat assembly but the locations of these proteins in the spore coat are poorly understood. Here, we describe methods to estimate the positions of protein fusions to fluorescent proteins in the spore coat by using fluorescence microscopy. Our investigation suggested that CotD, CotF, CotT, GerQ, YaaH, YeeK, YmaG, YsnD, and YxeE are present in the inner coat and that CotA, CotB, CotC, and YtxO reside in the outer coat. In addition, CotZ and CgeA appeared in the outermost layer of the spore coat and were more abundant at the mother cell proximal pole of the forespore, whereas CotA and CotC were more abundant at the mother cell distal pole of the forespore. These polar localizations were observed both in sporangia prior to the release of the forespore from the mother cell and in mature spores after release. Moreover, CotB was observed at the middle of the spore as a ring- or spiral-like structure. Formation of this structure required cotG expression. Thus, we conclude not only that the spore coat is a multilayered assembly but also that it exhibits uneven spatial distribution of particular proteins.
Problematising ourselves: continuing professional development in higher education

The problem of continuing professional development (sometimes capitalised as CPD) of professionals in higher education is that it operates around a series of unresolved tensions: between higher education institutions as major providers for other professionals and as a relatively new provider in terms of its own professional development; between the prestige associated with continuing professional development in the service of research and that accorded to learning and teaching. These problems are compounded by a tendency to regard professional or staff development as comprising only those sorts of activities that are formally recognised. Rather than attempting to resolve these two tensions, the paper argues that problematising our conceptions of continuing professional development can open up space for debate. The paper re‐visits some of the recent history of CPD in order to pinpoint some of the contradictions. This allows new questions to emerge: for example about whether the multiple practices of contin.
eQuIPS: eQTL Analysis Using Informed Partitioning of SNPs – A Fully Bayesian Approach

We develop a Bayesian multi‐SNP Markov chain Monte Carlo approach that allows published functional significance scores to objectively inform single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) prior effect sizes in expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) studies. We developed the Normal Gamma prior to allow the inclusion of functional information. We partition SNPs into predefined functional groups and select prior distributions that fit the group‐specific observed functional significance scores. We test our method on two simulated datasets and previously analysed human eQTL data containing validated causal SNPs. In our simulations the modified Normal Gamma always performs at least as well, and generally outperforms, the other methods considered. When analysing the human eQTL data, we placed all SNPs into their actual functional group. The ranks of the four validated causal SNPs analysed using the modified Normal Gamma increase dramatically compared to those of the other methods considered. Using our new method, three of the four validated SNPs are ranked in the top 1% of SNPs and the other is in the top 2%. For the standard Normal Gamma, the best of the other methods, the four validated SNPs had ranks in the top 1%, 4%, 20% and 59%. Crucially these substantive improvements in the ranks make it highly likely that most, if not all, of these validated SNPs would have been flagged for follow‐up using our new method, whereas at least two of them would certainly not have been using the current approaches.