Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are Teachers Really Poor Talent Detectors? Comments On Pegnato and Birch's (1959) Study of the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Various Identification Techniques

This article reanalyses Pegnato and Birch's data in their often cited 1959 article, especially their measures of effectiveness and efficiency. The author shows that these two concepts are not independent, as usually assumed in studies examining the criterion-related validity of various identification techniques for the gifted and talented. Rather, both are related to the number of subjects singled out as a result of the cutoff value chosen to implement the method. Consequently, most comparisons made between and within methods become invalid. A simple alternative is presented: compare the correla tion coefficients of the predictors with the criterion. It is concluded that this methodological flaw, as well as some other technical limitations, invalidates the most often cited observation from that study, namely, that teacher nominations should not be relied upon as an identification technique for the gifted and talented.
Selective deep features for micro-expression recognition

Micro-expression recognition is a challenging task in computer vision field due to the repressed facial appearance and short duration. Previous work for micro-expression recognition have used hand-crafted features like LBP-TOP, Gabor filter and optical flow. This paper is the first work to explore the possible use of deep learning for micro-expression recognition task. Due to the lack of data for micro-expression, training a CNN model from micro-expression data is not feasible. Instead, transfer learning from objects and facial expressions based CNN models are used. The aim is to use feature selection to remove the irrelevant deep features for our task. This work extends evolutionary algorithms to search an optimal set of deep features so that it does not overfit the training data and generalizes well for the test data. Promising results are presented for various micro-expression datasets.
CCD or CMOS Image sensor for photography

An Image sensor is converts an image into a digital signal. Both CCD (charged coupled device) and CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) image sensor technologies are essential for image capturing. CMOS image sensor is still in their early years, still it's set to develop but CCD has number of advantages over CMOS. CCD will give you a assurance for more compact, high image quality and potentially more efficient camera. Both CCD and CMOS Technologies have explained in this paper and also how images are captured as well as types for both types of image sensors have been descried. Some issues such as performance characteristics for better image quality for photography have been covered.
Scalable & Resilient Vehicle-Centric Certificate Revocation List Distribution in Vehicular Communication Systems

In spite of progress in securing vehicular communication (VC) systems, there is no consensus on how to distribute certificate revocation lists (CRLs). The main challenges lie exactly in (i) crafting an efficient and timely distribution of CRLs for numerous anonymous credentials, pseudonyms, (ii) maintaining strong privacy for vehicles prior to revocation events, even with honest-but-curious system entities, (iii) and catering to computation and communication constraints of on-board units with intermittent connectivity to the infrastructure. Relying on peers to distribute the CRLs is a double-edged sword: abusive peers could “pollute” the process, thus degrading the timely CRLs distribution. In this paper, we propose a vehicle-centric solution that addresses all these challenges and thus closes a gap in the literature. Our scheme radically reduces CRL distribution overhead: each vehicle receives CRLs corresponding only to its region of operation and its actual trip duration. Moreover, a “fingerprint” of CRL ‘pieces’ is attached to a subset of (verifiable) pseudonyms for fast CRL ‘piece’ validation (while mitigating resource depletion attacks abusing the CRL distribution). Our experimental evaluation shows that our scheme is efficient, scalable, dependable, and practical: with no more than 25 KB/s of traffic load, the latest CRL can be delivered to 95 percent of the vehicles in a region (15×15 KM) within 15s, i.e., more than 40 times faster than the state-of-the-art. Overall, our scheme is a comprehensive solution that complements standards and can catalyze the deployment of secure and privacy-protecting VC systems.
The Role of Police Perceptions and Practices in the Development of “Public Disorder”1,2

Recent studies suggest that crowd conflict needs to be understood as an interaction between the crowd and out-groups such as the police. This paper describes a questionnaire survey in which 80 police officers from 2 United Kingdom forces were asked about their perceptions of crowds, appropriate "public order" policing methods, and attributions of responsibility for crowd conflict. As predicted, police officers saw the composition of crowds as mixed; yet they also constructed a dichotomy between a powerful minority, capable of exerting influence in the service of disorder, and a majority, who are unable to resist this influence. Police officers did not clearly endorse the view that crowds pose a homogeneous threat. They recommended control and quick intervention to prevent the escalation of crowd violence but denied that such methods might themselves contribute to conflict. Path analysis provides suggestive evidence that these perceptions of the crowd are related as part of a coherent ideology. Overall, these results offer support for the elaborated social identity model of crowd behavior as a dynamic intergroup process.
Explaining the Limited Effectiveness of Legalistic “Remedies” for Trust/Distrust

Organizations frequently adopt formal rules, contracts, or other legalistic mechanisms when interpersonal trust is lacking. But recent research has shown such legalistic “remedies” for trust-related problems to be ineffective in restoring trust. To explain this apparent ineffectiveness, this paper outlines a theory that distinguishes two dimensions of trust—task-specific reliability and value congruence—and shows how legalistic mechanisms respond only to reliability concerns, while ignoring value-related concerns. Organizational responses to employees with HIV/AIDS are used as a case illustration that supports the theory's major propositions. The paper concludes with an agenda for future research.
MEASUREMENTS OF MOLECULAR HYDROGEN FORMATION ON CARBONACEOUS GRAINS

Measurements of molecular hydrogen formation on an amorphous carbon sample have been carried out under astrophysically relevant conditions, i.e., using low fluxes of cold (∼200 K) hydrogen-isotope beams, sample temperature between 5 K and 20 K. The experiments were conducted using the same methods as the ones employed for similar measurements on an olivine sample; therefore, results from the two experiments can be compared to each other. As in the case for the study of hydrogen recombination on a silicate surface, we find that mobility of hydrogen is thermally activated. However, differently from the olivine case, the activation energy for the overall process of diffusion and desorption is significantly higher, and the recombination efficiency, at similar total fluence of impinging atoms and sample temperature during irradiation, is also higher. Implications of these measurements for astrophysical environments are discussed.
Map updating and path planning for real-time mobile robot navigation

This paper describes a navigation system which unites three important capabilities: it enables a mobile robot to avoid obstacles, map the environment, and plan local paths around more complex obstacles while navigating. This system extends and integrates the histogram grid representation and the modified A* algorithm. Our system uses the histogram grid representation and updating method to represent the robot's environment and update a map quickly and reliably with the data from a laser range scanner. Our system also uses the modified A* algorithm to search this grid to plan and replan local paths. The navigation system that we have developed enables a mobile robot to smoothly avoid obstacles while navigating towards a goal at speeds of 0.15 to 0.35 meters per second, speeds which are faster than those typically obtained in similar systems. <<ETX>>
Mycoplasma pneumoniae: now in the focus of clinicians and epidemiologists.

Some 50 years ago, Chanock et al. [1] described an artificial medium that enabled the identification of the aetiological agent of an atypical pneumonia first reported 20 years earlier, which was first described as pleuropneumonia-like organisms (PPLO) and renamed as Mycoplasma pneumoniae [2]. More recently, genome analysis has revealed the bacterium’s limited metabolism and biosynthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acid and lipids, showing that the agent is well adapted to its only host, humans. We are, however, still unable to mimic the natural environment of M. pneumoniae: faster growth in culture media is needed for diagnostic purposes. It takes more than 10 days – in fact often up to three weeks – to grow M. pneumoniae from respiratory specimens taken from patients with an interstitial pneumonia. The organism can be cultured from samples taken in the acute phase of the infection, but because of the length of time needed, culture techniques have not been established in most bacteriological laboratories.
On the study of wavefront aberrations combining a point-diffraction interferometer and a Shack-Hartmann sensor

A comparison between reconstruction of wavefront aberration (WA) provided by two different techniques (a point-diffraction interferometer and a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor) applied on the study of a meniscus lens is presented. The description of WA is done in terms of the Zernike polynomials and, when terms up to 4th order of the expansion are taken, the maximum difference of the root-mean-square (RMS) between both techniques is reduced to 0.08 μm , excluding pseudo-aberration terms.
Analysis for rapid tail current decay in IGBTs with low dose p-emitter

A new theory is developed to correctly describe the turn-off mechanism in IGBTs. We found that the p-emitter efficiency (α) in IGBTs dramatically reduces during the fall-time. The hole current component of the tail current in IGBTs with low α instantly decays to zero at the onset of the fall-time, because α becomes negative during the fall-time and the stored holes are removed towards the collector electrodes. An abnormal hole diffusion current flows in the n-drift toward the p-emitter because the decreasing carrier density gradient toward the p-emitter is created. The magnitude of the stored carriers (pn) at the n-drift near the p-emitter is universally determined by the forward bias (VFp) between the p-emitter and the n-drift even in the turn-off transient. It is found that the initial VFp is decided only by the p-emitter dose (dP). Consequently, the turn-off tail current in IGBTs is decided by dP because VFp in the fall-time and the stored carriers in the n-drift in the fall-time are decided by dP. It is difficult to correctly describe the phenomenon with conventional IGBT models because the models assume that the α does not change in the fall-time period.
- 1-Phase diagram of crushed powders

Compression of monodisperse powder samples in quasi static conditions is addressed in a pressure range such th at particles fragmentation occurs while the solid remains incomp ressible (typical pressure range of 1-300 MPa for glass powders). For a granular bed made of particles of given size, the existence of t hree stages is observed during compression and crush up. First, cl assical compression occurs and the pressure of the granular bed increases along a characteristic curve as the volume decrease s. Then, a critical pressure is reached for which fragmentation begins. During the fragmentation process, the granular pressure stays con tant in a given volume range. At the end of this second stage, 20% to 50% of initial grains are reduced to finer particles, depending on the initial size. Then compression undergoes the third stage and the pressure increases along another characteristic curve, in the absence of extra fragmentation. The present paper analyses the analogies between ph ase transition in liquid-vapour systems and powder compression with c rush-up. Fragmentation diagram of soda lime glass granular b eds is determined by experimental means. The analogues of the saturat ion pressure and latent heat of phase change are determined. Two thermodynamic models are then examined to repre s nt the crushup diagram. The first one uses piecewise functions while the second one is of van der Waals type. Both equations of sta te relate granular pressure, solid volume fraction and initial particl e diameter. The piecewise functions approach provides reasonable re pres ntations of the phase diagram while the van der Waals one fails .
Exclusive Sequences of Different genomes

We studied the distribution of 1-7 bp words in a dataset that includes 139 complete eukaryotic genomes, 33 masked eukaryotic genomes and coding regions from 35 genomes. We tested different statistical models to determine over- and under-represented words. The method described by Karlin et al. has the strongest predictive power compared to other methods. Using this method we identified over- and under-represented words consistent within a large array of taxonomic groups. Some of those words have not yet been described as exclusive. For example, CGCG is over-represented in CG-deficient organisms. We also describe exceptions for widely known exclusive words, such as CG and TA.
Outsiders: Muslim Women and Olympic Games – Barriers and Opportunities

In this paper I explore the opportunities that women from Islamic countries have of participating in the Olympic Games and the barriers which they face when taking part in elite sport. Here, it must be taken into account that women's personal situations vary greatly according to - among many other things - the country they live in, their place of residence, their social background and their religious orientation. After giving an overview of participation rates of women and of athletes from Islamic countries at the Olympic Games, I will undertake a more in-depth analysis of the Muslim women taking part in the Beijing Olympics. In addition, trends and participation patterns will be discussed and influential female athletes will be presented. In the second part of the article I will focus on the reasons for the small number of female athletes in Islamic countries, focusing on conditions of life as well as on culture and religion.
Shape up! Perception based body shape variation for data-driven crowds

Representative distribution of body shapes is needed when simulating crowds in real-world situations, e.g., for city or event planning. Visual realism and plausibility are often also required for visualization purposes, while these are the top criteria for crowds in entertainment applications such as games and movie production. Therefore, achieving representative and visually plausible body-shape variation while optimizing available resources is an important goal. We present a data-driven approach to generating and selecting models with varied body shapes, based on body measurement and demographic data from the CAESAR anthropometric database. We conducted an online perceptual study to explore the relationship between body shape, distinctiveness and attractiveness for bodies close to the median height and girth. We found that the most salient body differences are in size and upper-lower body ratios, in particular with respect to shoulders, waist and hips. Based on these results, we propose strategies for body shape selection and distribution that we have validated with a lab-based perceptual study. Finally, we demonstrate our results in a data-driven crowd system with perceptually plausible and varied body shape distribution.
Recent applications of microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography

Compared to MEKC, the presence of a water‐immiscible oil phase in the microemulsion droplets of microemulsion EKC (MEEKC) gives rise to some special properties, such as enhanced solubilization capacity and enlarged migration window, which could allow for the improved separation of various hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds, with reduced sample pretreatment steps, unique selectivities and/or higher efficiencies. Typically, stable and optically clear oil‐in‐water microemulsions containing a surfactant (SDS), oil (octane or heptane), and cosurfactant (1‐butanol) in phosphate buffer are employed as separation media in conventional MEEKC. However, in recent years, the applicability of reverse MEEKC (water‐in‐oil microemulsions) has also been demonstrated, such as for the enhanced separation of highly hydrophobic substances. Also, during the past few years, the development and application of MEEKC for the separation of chiral molecules has been expanded, based on the use of enantioselective microemulsions that contained a chiral surfactant or chiral alcohol. On the other hand, the application of MEEKC for the characterization of the lipophilicity of chemical substances remains an active and important area of research, such as the use of multiplex MEEKC for the high‐throughput determination of partition coefficients (log P values) of pharmaceutical compounds. In this review, recent applications of MEEKC (covering the period from 2003 to 2005) are reported. Emphases are placed on the discussion of MEEKC in the separation of chiral molecules and highly hydrophobic substances, as well as in the determination of partition coefficients, followed by a survey of recent applications of MEEKC in the analysis of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and health‐care products, biological and environmental compounds, plant materials, and foods.
Frequency-Based Nonrigid Motion Analysis: Application to Four Dimensional Medical Images

We present a method for nonrigid motion analysis in time sequences of volume images (4D data). In this method, nonrigid motion of the deforming object contour is dynamically approximated by a physically-based deformable surface. In order to reduce the number of parameters describing the deformation, we make use of a modal analysis which provides a spatial smoothing of the surface. The deformation spectrum, which outlines the main excited modes, can be efficiently used for deformation comparison. Fourier analysis on time signals of the main deformation spectrum components provides a temporal smoothing of the data. Thus a complex nonrigid deformation is described by only a few parameters: the main excited modes and the main Fourier harmonics. Therefore, 4D data can be analyzed in a very concise manner. The power and robustness of the approach is illustrated by various results on medical data. We believe that our method has important applications in automatic diagnosis of heart diseases and in motion compression.
The transmogrification of teacher education

If asked to name the largest teacher education programs in America, most of us would probably mention a research institution with a large student body, such as University of Texas at Austin, Ohio State University, University of Minnesota, University of Florida, or Arizona State University. In actuality, these universities have the five largest enrollments in the country (U.S. Department of Education, 2004). Despite their size, however, none of these universities (nor any of the largest 50 institutions) can touch the enrollments of the five largest graduate programs in education in the nation—University of Phoenix, National University, Walden University, Nova Southeastern University, and Capella University ("Largest Grad Programs," 2005)—who have a combined enrollment of 40,000 plus students. The commonality among these five institutions, of course, is that they are all Internet-based, independent, and highly profitable. Over the past 10 years, I have had a vague notion that teacher education was being transformed by a number of trends—the streamlining of undergraduate degree programs, a strong emphasis on testing, the surge in alternative certification, and the proliferation of distance-education degree programs. To assess the status of teacher education in the early 21st century, I reviewed data on programs from the more than 1,000 institutions and Non-University Certification Programs (NUCPs) that certify teachers in the United States. However, examining the gritty details of certification across the broad spectrum of grade levels and subject areas (from kindergarten to high school and from physical education to physics) and across states and institutions seemed unwieldy. After some consideration, I decided to use English education as an exemplar of changes in teacher certification. I reasoned that English education is not a high needs certification area—unlike mathematics, science, bilingual education, and special education—and thus there would be less urgency for alternative or emergency certifications in English. Using this logic, I surmised that trends in English education might be comparable to developments in social studies education but would probably
Psychodynamic Treatment of a Case of Grief Superimposed on Melancholia

In this case study, a chronically depressed, middle-aged woman is widowed, exacerbating her depression and anxiety. The case is treated from a psychodynamic perspective, with the classical psychoanalytic conceptualization of complicated mourning and melancholia accounting for the patient's symptom profile. Therapy itself involves the extensive provision of empathy and attunement as well as exploration of feelings in the transference and countertransference. Deeply entrenched and refractory symptoms justify the provision of 2 years of psychotherapy, which allowed the patient the time to uncover unacceptable emotions, learn about how she disowned them, and reintegrate them so as to strengthen ego functioning. The process of self-understanding and reexperiencing in the transference enabled the patient to regain energy and enjoyment in her activities and set her on the path to resuming former functioning.
Changing Views of Serpent Handling: A Quasi‐Experimental Study

Knowledge about serpent handling sects (SHS) even among social scientists and legislators has been largely influenced by biased media reports. Our own field research suggests that factual knowledge about SHS is effective in changing stereotypes about serpent handling and in altering views as to the rights of believers to handle serpents in church. In a quasi-experimental study, participants were pretested with respect to both prejudicial and reasoned evaluative views about SHS. Participants saw either a video of contemporary SHS in which handlers demonstrated and explained their faith, or a control tape in which contemporary SHS were shown but serpent handling was neither demonstrated nor defended. As predicted, viewing the serpent handling video was effective in reducing stereotyping of SHS and in changing attitudes regarding the sincerity of the believers and the right of SHS to practice their faith without legal constraints. Appropriate controls indicated that changes were not simply a function of a pretest by treatment interaction. The relevance of these data for altering laws against the practice of serpent handling is discussed.
Development of Preferred Adjective Ordering in Children, Grades One through Five.

AbstractAdjective ordering preferences in adults and in children from grades one through five were ascertained for size, color, and material classes of adjectives. Children at each succeeding grade arranged scrambled sequences of adjectives and nouns to approximate the adult preferred order more closely than the grades) before them. By fifth grade, there were no differences between child and adult preferred orderings. Younger children found the presence of a noun fixed in the final position more facilitating than older children did. Although older children produced the adult preferred order more often than younger children, all exhibited a similar approach to adjective ordering.