Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intellectual capital: a user's perspective

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to offer an empirical account of how a group of financial professionals uses intellectual capital (IC) information, and the value that the group imputes to IC reporting. The paper also aims to understand the group's ability to privately access information that might help them determine the value of a company's IC in support of their decision‐making.Design/methodology/approach – Survey administered to a group of financial professionals in Hong Kong.Findings – Respondents would like companies to be more transparent and provide more information on their IC. Respondents believe that greater IC disclosure would be rewarded with an increase in the company's share price – even though few respondents thought that they would pay more themselves for enhanced disclosure. Further, most respondents seem to be currently addressing their IC information needs through private information channels, and rate the publicly provided information as poorly suited to their needs.Practical im.
Urban governance and public leisure policies: a comparative analysis framework

In the last few decades, the literature on leisure policies has evolved, thanks to a better understanding of the effects and impacts of public leisure actions rather than a comprehensive study of that field's public policy process. This has resulted in the development of a corpus focused on knowledge for policies rather than knowledge of policies, particularly in the study of urban governance and of the co-production of services with the non-profit and private sectors. The purpose of this article is to further explore the theoretical and conceptual implications of urban governance applied to the analysis of public leisure policies. It also aims to draw inspiration from the main approaches of urban policy analysis in order to propose an analytical framework applicable to an empirical process for comparative analysis mainly focused on describing the dynamics of local governance. The main purpose of this framework is to analyse the actors, governance mechanisms and factors that characterise the development of local leisure policies while giving special consideration to the collaborative nature of the relationships within this coalition of partners.
The Publication Patterns of the Elite Economics Departments: 1995-2000

We examine publication patterns of the top seven U.S. economics departments from 1995 to 2000. We construct a departmental-based journal ranking on both the number of publications and the percentage of journal pages from authors affiliated with top institutions. The data show that publications are highly concentrated among a few journals: seven journals comprise more than one-fourth of aggregate research output for the sample. Nine of the eighty-seven most common publication outlets originated in the 1990s. A departmental measure of journal quality avoids the problems confronting citations data. We suggest that economists reconsider the prestige of journals based on these strikingly different results.
Optimal rate and aggregate bandwidth allocation under service performance requirements in data center backbone networks

Recent years have seen an increasing demand for multiclass services with different performance requirements in data center backbone networks (DCBNs). Unlike the simple multi-path routing schemes to balance the load, an enhanced network utility maximization (NUM) framework is proposed to optimize rate and aggregate bandwidth allocation for DCBN in the paper, with constraints on bandwidth resource and multiple performance requirements which include packet delay, loss, and traffic throughput. Because of the non-convexity of some constraint functions, the formulated NUM problem is non-convex, which is challenging to solve. To deal with such a problem, we propose sequential parametric convex approximation (SPCA) to transform it into several convex sub-problems. Then we obtain optimal solution of the formulated problem by solving the convex ones above, using a well-known available tool. We validate our method via simulations on the topology of Google's datacenter backbone network. Numerical results show that the proposed method guarantees that the optimal rate and aggregate bandwidth allocation for each traffic class strictly meets its every performance requirement, yet runs 1.5 times faster than the state-of-art MCTEQ algorithm.
International human resource management policies and practices of South Korean MNEs: a review of the literature

This paper systematically reviews the literature on international human resource management (IHRM) policies and practices of South Korean multinational enterprises (MNEs). It reveals that South Korean MNEs adopt an ethnocentric staffing approach, but are increasingly using more host-country nationals (HCNs). Korean MNEs pay great attention to language training for expatriates, and there is an emphasis on international experience when selecting expatriates. South Korean MNEs tend to adopt home-oriented selection procedures and criteria, performance appraisal and reward-and-compensation schemes for HCNs. A range of training and development programmes are provided to HCNs in order to develop more local managers. However, studies concerning IHRM of South Korean MNEs are scarce and only a few expatriate-related IHRM issues have been empirically examined. As a result, how South Korean MNEs manage IHRM and what is the rationale of their IHRM policies and practices remain largely unknown. This review paper calls for more empirical research and discusses the implications for future research.
HOW POLITICIANS AND BUREAUCRATS NETWORK: A COMPARISON ACROSS GOVERNMENTS

Effective public administration relies on the passage of information through interpersonal communication networks. While we have a vast research literature concerning formal structures and roles in organizations, including public agencies and government institutions, we know far less about the flow of information through semiformal, voluntary interactions. In this paper we use a large survey to explore the networking patterns of politicians and bureaucrats and to compare these with the more formal structural attributes of hierarchy and functional specialization. Social network analysis and standard quantitative measures are used to examine which actors are most central in advice and strategic information networks and how this varies across governments. The results suggest that the communication networks of politicians and bureaucrats differ substantially, with politicians being surprisingly peripheral in their patterns of interaction. Differences across governments are also observed with some municipalities being markedly more hierarchical, cross-organizational, and externally focused in their networking behaviour.
Stress and coping among families of patients with traumatic brain injury: a review of the literature.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This literature review aims to structure the available information on the psychological reactions of family members confronted with traumatic brain injury. The stress-coping theory and the systems theory provide the theoretical framework for this review. METHOD Literature review. RESULTS The level of stress experienced by the family members of patients who have traumatic brain injury is such that professional intervention is appropriate, even after 10-15 years. Not the severity of the injury but the nature of the injuries determines the level of stress. Partners experience more stress than parents. Children have specific difficulties. Young families with little social support, financial, psychiatric and/or medical problems are the most vulnerable. Coping with traumatic brain injury can be described in phases. The better family members can cope with the situation, the better the patient's recovery. There are functional and non-functional coping mechanisms and coping is influenced by such factors as gender, social and professional support and the possibility to have reciprocal communication or an affective relation with the patient. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Support from professionals reduces the stress being experienced and encourages people to cope effectively. Conflicts with professional carers should be avoided. Every attempt should be made to develop models of long-term support and care that alleviate sources of burden on relatives. Further research is necessary to develop such models.
A New Method of Coaxial Passive Tuner Structure Design in High-Power Microwave Test System

Microwave tuner using load-pull technique is a core device of microwave high-power automatic measurement technology, a major problem of it is the design of a simple, practical and precise tuner structure. In order to suppress discontinuities in tuner, a coplanar compensation method with equivalent medium model is used in this paper. For illustration, a coaxial tuner example is utilized to show the feasibility of the equivalent medium model. Empirical results show that tuner will be matched if the discontinuity problem is seen as different mediums transmission problem by equivalent medium model, then the effective parameters can be calculated from retrieval algorithm, and be approximated by a specific structure.
Within- and Between-Country Value Diversity in Europe: A Typological Approach

The within-country and between-country heterogeneity of populations has been largely studied apart from each other. This article analyses simultaneously these two parts of value heterogeneity of populations using a typological approach. Using data from the European Social Survey, populations of 29 European countries are classified based on their values that were measured with Schwartz’s Portrait Values Questionnaire. Latent class analysis resulted in five European value classes. All the countries studied are internally diverse in their value class composition, and most of them have a non-zero probability to have members of all the five value classes. Nordic and Western European countries surpass Mediterranean and Post-Communist Europe in the probability of a class that combines the strongest preferences for Openness over Conservation and for Self-Transcendence over SelfEnhancement. It is concluded that a typological approach provides a new look at within- and betweencountry value differences, making empirical comparisons holistic and more parsimonious.
CD133 positive hepatocellular carcinoma cells possess high capacity for tumorigenicity

Recently increasing reported data have suggested that only a small subset of cancer cells possess capability to initiate malignancies including leukemia and solid tumors, which was based on investigation in these cells displaying a distinct surface marker pattern within the primary cancers. CD133 is a putative hematopoietic and neuronal stem‐cell marker, which was also considered as a tumorigenic marker in brain and prostate cancer. We hypothesized that CD133 was a marker closely correlated with tumorigenicity, since it was reported that CD133 expressed in human fetal liver and repairing liver tissues, which tightly associated with hepatocarcinogenesis. Our findings showed that a small population of CD133 positive cells indeed exists in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and primary HCC tissues. From SMMC‐7721 cell line, CD133+ cells isolated by MACS manifested high tumorigenecity and clonogenicity as compared with CD133− HCC cells. The implication that CD133 might be one of the markers for HCC cancer stem‐like cells needed further investigation. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tainted heritage? The case of the Branly museum

The paper argues that, although the musée du quai Branly in Paris, inaugurated in 2006, may be tainted through the history of its collections as well as the political imperatives that brought it into existence in the Chirac era, it has the potential to make a radical break with its genre history. The paper takes up a metaphor adopted by one of the museum’s curators that sees it as infected but not incurably stricken by the virus common to all ethnological museums. Through an examination of the predominant themes of some of the temporary exhibitions created since its inception, the paper argues that curators at the musée du quai Branly are conscious of the ethnological ‘malaise’ and have attempted, in novel and politically sensitive ways to break with what Tony Bennett described as the ‘stigmatic othering’, symptomatic of nineteenth and early twentieth century museums.
Sharpe Ratio Contribution and Attribution Analysis

We consider it essential for investment managers, risk managers and investors to understand contributions to risk-adjusted performance and attribute differences in risk-adjusted performance, between portfolios to investment decisions on the level of meaningful portfolio segments. Recent advances in risk-adjusted performance analysis have made Sharpe Ratio contribution and attribution possible, filling an empty slot in the toolkit of portfolio analysts. In our research note, we do propose and discuss two methods to analyze contributions to Sharpe Ratio and we attribute Sharpe Ratios differences to meaningful management decisions.
Minimum Wages, Sickness Absenteeism, and non-Sickness Absenteeism

Absenteeism is a nonwage component of compensation valued by workers and costly for employers to provide. Higher minimum wages may cause employers to try to reduce worker absenteeism to reduce costs, but, from a labor supply perspective, higher minimum wages exert a substitution effect against absenteeism and an income effect towards it. This paper presents new evidence on the relationship between absenteeism and minimum wages using the limited panel aspect of data from the 1979-2007 Merged Outgoing Rotation Groups of the Current Population Survey. We estimate that higher minimum wages reduce overall absenteeism among young men and women, but not other demographic groups. We find that higher minimum wages are generally associated with lower rates of non-sickness absenteeism but higher rates of sickness absenteeism. The shift towards sickness absenteeism is notable in light of recent work showing that employers punish biologically based absenteeism differently than other types of absenteeism.
Association between heat shock protein 70s and Toll‐like receptor polymorphisms with long‐term renal allograft survival

Long‐term renal allograft survival has not improved significantly in recent years and only a minority of grafts survives for more than 15 years. To evaluate the association between HSPA1A G(190)C, HSPA1B A(1267)G and TLR4 A(299)G polymorphisms and allograft survival we analyzed DNA of patients with long‐term renal graft function over 15 years (Tx15), consecutively transplanted recipients (Tx), patients with acute rejection and healthy controls. HSPA1B (1267)AA was less prevalent in Tx versus Tx15 (P = 0.02) and versus controls (P = 0.004). HSPA1B (1267)GG was more frequent in Tx versus Tx15 (P = 0.005) and versus controls (P = 0.002). HSPA1B (1267)G allele occurred more often in Tx versus Tx15 (P = 0.03), and versus controls (P = 0.02). TLR4 (299)AG genotype prevalence was increased in Tx15 versus Tx (P = 0.02), while TLR4 (299)G allele was more frequent in Tx15 versus Tx (P = 0.02). The increased frequency of HSPA1B (1267)AA and TLR4 (299)AG genotypes in Tx15 group indicates that better cytoprotective functions in HSPA1B (1267)AA and reduced proinflammatory response in TLR4 (299)AG carriers might have improved renal allograft survival.
Force spectroscopy of an elastic peptide: Effect of D2O and temperature on persistence length

This study explores the mechanical unfolding of elastic protein analogues as a function of temperature, in both H2O and D2O, using atomic force microscopy (AFM) force spectroscopy in a specially constructed AFM liquid cell. This represents the first time that the effect of D2O on protein flexibility has been investigated at the single molecule level by this technique. Model elastic peptides, R6, were encoded from synthetic genes expressed in Escherichia coli. The peptides possess short N‐ and C‐terminal domains with central repetitive domains containing 13 repeats of the motif PGQGQQ‐plus‐GYYPTSLQQ. These sequences mimic those in native high molecular weight subunit glutenin proteins which confer elasticity to bread dough. Fitting single molecule stretching events to the worm‐like chain model, allows determination of the molecular persistence length under various experimental conditions. The effect of increasing the temperature is to increase the persistence length of the peptide in both H2O and D2O, consistent with the expected “thermal softening” effect. However, the effect is significantly enhanced in D2O, in which the persistence length at 45°C is ∼25% greater than the value measured in H2O at the same temperature. Stronger intrapeptide H‐bonding due to isotopic substitution of hydrogen for deuterium is the most likely cause of the enhanced backbone rigidity. Microsc. Res. Tech. 74:170–176, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nosocomial transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a mother to her preterm quadruplet infants.

BACKGROUND Patient-to-patient transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) has been well described. We report the first documented outbreak of probable transmission of MRSA from a mother to 3 of her preterm quadruplet infants postnatally. METHODS Routine surveillance of clinical microbiologic laboratory reports revealed an increased incidence of MRSA infections in our NICU, including 3 of 4 preterm quadruplets. Surveillance cultures of the anterior nares of all patients and the quadruplets' parents were performed to detect MRSA carriage. The isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with the restriction endonuclease SmaI. Infection control strategies included mupirocin treatment and contact isolation precautions for infected/colonized infants. RESULTS Clinical cultures from infants A, C, and D and surveillance cultures of the quadruplets' mother and 2 additional unrelated infants grew the same clone of MRSA. The mother's only identified risk factors for MRSA acquisition were 2 prepartum hospitalizations related to the multiple gestation and previous treatment with antibiotics. All anterior nares cultures were negative for MRSA after mupirocin treatment. CONCLUSIONS Use of gowns and gloves by the family members of women with multiple gestations should be recommended to prevent transmission of potential pathogens in the NICU.
Tackling Youth Unemployment through Entrepreneurship

DR. SUNDAY I. OWUALAH IS A SENIOR lecturer in the Department of Finance, University of Lagos, Nigeria. This paper presents evidence that promoting entrepreneurship consciously among youths can be an effective way of tackling unemployment within this group. This conclusion is drawn from the analysis of survey data collected from a stratified sample of loan beneficiaries of the Smallscale Industries and Graduate Employment Programme in Nigeria. This programme is one of four programmes of the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) set up in Nigeria in 1987 to encourage and assist unemployed youths to establish and operate their own smallscale firms. The analysis shows that an average of four newjobs were created by each of the respondent firms in the first four years of the programme. It further reveals that the firms achieved an appreciable growth in their assets, while previous training, experience and personal inclinations of their owners largely influenced the choice of types of small-scale firms that were established.
Identifying the returns to lying when the truth is unobserved

Consider an observed binary regressor D and an unobserved binary variable D � , both of which affect some other variable Y. This paper considers nonparametric identication and estimation of the effect of D on Y, conditioning on DD 0. For example, suppose Y is a person's wage, the unobserved D � indicates if the person has been to college, and the observed D indicates whether the individual claims to have been to college. This paper then identies and estimates the difference in average wages between those who falsely claim college experience versus those who tell the truth about not having college. We estimate this average returns to lying to be about 7% to 20%. Nonparametric identication without observing Dis obtained either by observing a variable V that is roughly analogous to an instrument for
Emancipatory Social Work? Opportunity or Oxymoron

This paper explores the extent to which social work can be said to have espoused a consistent and distinctive set of principles and values, particularly against the background of adaptation to the changing ideological agendas of government over the past 25 years. Against the context of globalization, it traces a quickening pace of individual rather than collective progress as the touchstone of public policy, with an increasing reliance on coercive measures to discipline those who fail to make the necessary or successful efforts on their own behalf. Social work's roots in nineteenthcentury individualism leaves it particularly vulnerable to co-option into this agenda but, the paper argues, approaches which pay lip-service to autonomy, choice and empowerment, which actually deal in rationing, risk assessment and enforcement, will end in frustration and failure. A way forward exists in a renewed emphasis upon the social dimension of problems and their resolution, together with a re-investment by social workers in the notions of membership, mutuality and democratic solidarity through which individual well-being can be negotiated
Empirical Tax Research in Accounting: A Discussion

This discussion reflects on the state and future of empirical tax research in accounting, complementing and extending Shackelford and Shevlin (2000). Specifically, this discussion 1) examines the scope Shackelford and Shevlin (2000), 2) discusses what I view to be the main contributions and limitations in the extant tax research, and 3) charts several directions for future research.
Sleep in children and adolescents with Angelman syndrome: association with parent sleep and stress.

BACKGROUND Sleep concerns are common in children with Angelman syndrome, with 20-80% of individuals having a decreased sleep need and/or abnormal sleep-wake cycles. The impact of these sleep behaviours on parental sleep and stress is not known. METHOD Through the use of standardised questionnaires, wrist actigraphy and polysomnography, we defined the sleep behaviours of 15 children/adolescents with Angelman syndrome and the association of the child/adolescents sleep behaviours on parental sleep behaviours and parental stress. RESULTS Both children/adolescents and their parents exhibited over 1 h of wake time after sleep onset and fragmented sleep. Prolonged sleep latency in the child was associated with parent insomnia and daytime sleepiness. Additionally, variability in child total sleep time was associated with parental stress. CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep in children/adolescents with Angelman syndrome was associated with poor parental sleep and higher parental stress. Further work is warranted to identify the underlying causes of the poor sleep, and to relate these findings to daytime functioning, behaviour and the family unit.