Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The dependence of galaxy clustering on stellar mass, star-formation rate and redshift at z = 0.8 − 2.2, with HiZELS

The deep, near-infrared narrow-band survey HiZELS has yielded robust samples of H α-emitting star-forming galaxies within narrow redshift slices at z = 0.8, 1.47 and 2.23. In this paper, we distinguish the stellar mass and star-formation rate (SFR) dependence of the clustering of these galaxies. At high stellar masses (M*/M⊙ ≳ 2 × 1010), where HiZELS selects galaxies close to the so-called star-forming main sequence, the clustering strength is observed to increase strongly with stellar mass (in line with the results of previous studies of mass-selected galaxy samples) and also with SFR. These two dependencies are shown to hold independently. At lower stellar masses, however, where HiZELS probes high specific SFR galaxies, there is little or no dependence of the clustering strength on stellar mass, but the dependence on SFR remains: high-SFR low-mass galaxies are found in more massive dark matter haloes than their lower SFR counterparts. We argue that this is due to environmentally driven star formation in these systems. We apply the same selection criteria to the EAGLE cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. We find that, in EAGLE, the high-SFR low-mass galaxies are central galaxies in more massive dark matter haloes, in which the high SFRs are driven by a (halo-driven) increased gas content.
Carotid Artery Stenosis: Does the World Wide Web Provide Sufficient Information to These Patients?

As the use of the Internet is at its highest at present, it is reasonable to assume that patients suffering from carotid artery stenosis and its complications may use this as a potential source of information prior to hospital attendance. The relevant Web sites were initially identified and the quality of information therein was assessed independently by two assessors on the author panel. We also tested whether established Web site scoring systems (HON and DISCERN score) could predict the quality of information included on the medical Web sites. The overall quality of relevant information for these patients was found to be poor. The Spearman rank correlation between the two scoring systems was /0.64 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53–0.74, p < .0001). There was a good correlation between the assessors' scores for each scoring system, with a Spearman rank correlation for the DISCERN score of 0.99 (95% CI 0.99–0.99, p < .0001) and for the HON score of 0.98 (95% CI 0.97–0.98, p < .0001). We also found a good correlation between these scores and guidelines set by the assessors. Available scoring systems provide a good means of assessment. However, significant improvement is required to enhance the overall quality of health-related Web sites.
Heterogeneity in Professional Service Firms

Research on professional service firms emphasizes similarities in their organization and management and distinctiveness from other types of organization. In this paper we take a different tack and focus on the differences between professional service firms, that is, on heterogeneity across different professional sectors. We argue that differences between professions on a number of dimensions affect the nature of professionals' work and, in turn, the organization and management of firms across different professional sectors. Drawing on the sociology of professions literature we focus on three key dimensions of knowledge, jurisdictional control and client relationships to compare legal, auditing and engineering consulting firms. We consider how differences in these dimensions across the three professional services sectors impact upon the way firms are organized. We offer a number of propositions explicating how differences in the nature of knowledge, jurisdictional control and client relationships have implications for organizational form, team-working and pricing systems.
Os juros sobre o capital próprio versus a vantagem fiscal do endividamento

O objetivo deste trabalho e verificar ate que ponto a introducao dos juros remuneratorios sobre o capital proprio reduziram a vantagem fiscal do endividamento, qual seu impacto na teoria de Modigliani e Miller para determinacao do valor da firma, bem como examinar se houve alteracao na estrutura de capital das empresas que passaram a utilizar essa opcao. Para tanto, a equacao de determinacao do valor da firma foi ajustada para receber a contribuicao dos juros sobre o capital proprio. Com a finalidade de verificar se houve alteracoes na estrutura de capital, foi procedido o teste estatistico da diferenca entre as medias. Os resultados mostram que o lancamento dos juros sobre o capital proprio agrega valor a firma, mas em magnitude insuficiente para eliminar o beneficio fiscal gerado pelo uso da divida. Os testes estatisticos demonstraram uma reducao da carga fiscal para as empresas do grupo que adotou o procedimento, porem nao foram obtidas evidencias de que essa vantagem fiscal esteja estimulando as empresas a financiar seu investimento com capital proprio em substituicao ao capital de terceiros.
Examining Antecedents and Consequences of Brand Personality in the Upper-Upscale Business Hotel Segment

ABSTRACT Relying on Aaker's (1996) dimensions of brand personality, this study investigated the relationships between brand personality and its antecedents and consequences in the upper-upscale business hotel segment. Two dimensions of brand personality––competence and sophistication––were confirmed. User imagery was found to be the strongest predictor of brand personality, while trust had the significant mediating effect on the relationship between brand personality and loyalty. The theoretical and practical implications of this study's findings are included to assist both academicians and practitioners in the lodging industry in enriching their understanding of customers' perceptions of and attitudes toward hotel brand.
Oncologist communication about emotion during visits with patients with advanced cancer.

INTRODUCTION Cancer care involves addressing patient emotion. When patients express negative emotions, empathic opportunities emerge. When oncologists respond with a continuer statement, which is one that offers empathy and allows patients to continue expressing emotions, rather than with a terminator statement, which is one that discourages disclosure, patients have less anxiety and depression and report greater satisfaction and adherence to therapy. We studied whether oncologist traits were associated with empathic opportunities and empathic responses. PATIENTS AND METHODS We audio-recorded 398 clinic conversations between 51 oncologists and 270 patients with advanced cancer; oncologists also completed surveys. Conversations were coded for the presence of empathic opportunities and oncologist responses. Analyses examined the relationship with oncologists' demographics, self-reported confidence, outcome expectancies, and comfort to address social versus technical aspects of care. RESULTS In 398 conversations, 37% contained at least one empathic opportunity; the range was 0 to 10, and the total empathic opportunities was 292. When they occurred, oncologists responded with continuers 22% of the time. Oncologist sex was related to the number of empathic opportunities; female patients seen by female oncologists had the most empathic opportunities (P = .03). Younger oncologists (P = .02) and those who rated their orientation as more socioemotional than technical (P = .03) were more likely to respond with empathic statements. CONCLUSION Oncologists encountered few empathic opportunities and responded with empathic statements infrequently. Empathic responses were more prevalent among younger oncologists and among those who were self-rated as socioemotional. To reduce patient anxiety and increase patient satisfaction and adherence, oncologists may need training to encourage patients to express emotions and to respond empathically to patients' emotions.
General pharmacology of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor. 1st communication: effects on cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal and blood functions.

The effects of recombinant human Tumor Necrosis Factor (rHu-TNF, PT-050), an antitumor agent, on the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal and blood functions were examined in experimental animals. 1. PT-050 at 10(5) U/kg i.v. did not affect blood pressure and blood flow in anesthetized dogs. However, these were decreased 2-3 h after i.v. injection of 10(6) U/kg. A sustained decrease in blood pressure was seen in conscious dogs. PT-050 decreased systolic blood pressure and increased heart rate with a peak at 5-7 h after administration of 10 micrograms/kg (2.55 x 10(4) U/kg) i.v. and 10(5) U/kg s.c. PT-050 was without effect on perfusion volume in rabbit ear vessel preparations. 2. PT-050 enhanced gastric emptying in rats and intestinal charcoal meal propulsion in mice at 10(6) and 10(7) U/kg s.c. , respectively. It decreased gastric juice volume and acid content with an increase of gastric juice pH in pyrolus ligated rats at 10(6) U/kg s.c. 3. PT-050 caused diarrhea at 10(5) U/kg i.v. in mice, while at 10(7) U/kg s.c. , it did not exert the effect. 4. PT-050 increased urine volume and Na+ excretion at 3 x 10(3) U/kg i.v. and 10(5) U/kg s.c. in saline-loaded rats. 5. PT-050 decreased platelet counts at 10(5) U/kg i.v. , depressed platelet aggregation responses to collagen and ADP at 10(6) U/kg i.v. , and prolonged APTT and PT at 3 x 10(5) U/kg i.v. in rats, although it neither affected platelet aggregation nor blood coagulation in vitro. PT-050 neither affected platelet counts at 10(5) U/kg s.c. , nor platelet aggregation at 10(7) U/kg s.c. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
CHH islands: de novo DNA methylation in near-gene chromatin regulation in maize

Small RNA-mediated regulation of chromatin structure is an important means of suppressing unwanted genetic activity in diverse plants, fungi, and animals. In plants specifically, 24-nt siRNAs direct de novo methylation to repetitive DNA, both foreign and endogenous, in a process known as RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). Many components of the de novo methylation machinery have been identified recently, including multiple RNA polymerases, but specific genetic features that trigger methylation remain poorly understood. By applying whole-genome bisulfite sequencing to maize, we found that transposons close to cellular genes (particularly within 1 kb of either a gene start or end) are strongly associated with de novo methylation, as evidenced both by 24-nt siRNAs and by methylation specifically in the CHH sequence context. In addition, we found that the major classes of transposons exhibited a gradient of CHH methylation determined by proximity to genes. Our results further indicate that intergenic chromatin in maize exists in two major forms that are distinguished based on proximity to genes—one form marked by dense CG and CHG methylation and lack of transcription, and one marked by CHH methylation and activity of multiple forms of RNA polymerase. The existence of the latter, which we call CHH islands, may have implications for how cellular gene expression could be coordinated with immediately adjacent transposon repression in a large genome with a complex organization of genes interspersed in a landscape of transposons.
Trained immunity: a new avenue for tuberculosis vaccine development

Adaptive immunity towards tuberculosis (TB) has been extensively studied for many years. In addition, in recent years the profound contribution of innate immunity to host defence against this disease has become evident. The discovery of pattern recognition receptors, which allow innate immunity to tailor its response to different infectious agents, has challenged the view that this arm of immunity is nonspecific. Evidence is now accumulating that innate immunity can remember a previous exposure to a microorganism and respond differently during a second exposure. Although the specificity and memory of innate immunity cannot compete with the highly sophisticated adaptive immune response, its contribution to host defence against infection and to vaccine‐induced immunity should not be underestimated and needs to be explored. Here, we present the concept of trained immunity and discuss how this may contribute to new avenues for control of TB.
The hard shadow of the Greek economy: new estimates of the size of the underground economy and its fiscal impact

This article presents new estimates of the Greek underground economy and explores the link between the underground economy and aggregate debt. We show that the Greek underground economy has been underestimated heavily and has been on a rising trend again since Greece adopted the Euro. We also present evidence that the size of the underground economy is positively related to the debt-to-GDP ratio, implying that fighting the underground economy is also conducive to financial and macroeconomic stability. Our results suggest that for our sample of 11 EMU member countries, the loss of the inflation tax as an economic policy instrument had drastic consequences. While the underground economy did not have a statistically significant impact on aggregate debt before the introduction of the Euro, it has pushed up the debt-to-GDP ratio in our sample since.
Cognitive remediation and emotion skills training for anorexia nervosa: an observational study using neuropsychological outcomes.

OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate a novel and brief skills-based therapy for in-patients with anorexia nervosa, which addressed 'cold' and 'hot' cognition. METHOD Eighty one adults with anorexia nervosa were recruited from two eating disorder in-patient units. In one unit, patients received 10 sessions of cognitive remediation and emotion skills training (CREST) plus treatment as usual. In the other, patients received treatment as usual only. Primary outcomes were body mass index and neuropsychological performance scores. RESULTS Both groups improved significantly in body mass index and cognitive flexibility. The CREST group also improved on central coherence. Neither group improved significantly on emotion-processing tasks, although the CREST group did show a larger magnitude of change. CONCLUSION Improvement in 'cold' cognition was achieved in a short period, whereas emotion-processing difficulties might take longer and more therapeutic work to change. Given that effect sizes in the CREST group were larger for the emotion-processing tasks, improved power may benefit future studies.
Recruitment of HIV and Its Receptors to Dendritic Cell-T Cell Junctions

Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) can efficiently bind and transfer HIV infectivity without themselves becoming infected. Using live-cell microscopy, we found that HIV was recruited to sites of cell contact in MDDCs. Analysis of conjugates between MDDCs and T cells revealed that, in the absence of antigen-specific signaling, the HIV receptors CD4, CCR5, and CXCR4 on the T cell were recruited to the interface while the MDDCs concentrated HIV to the same region. We propose that contact between dendritic cells and T cells facilitates transmission of HIV by locally concentrating virus, receptor, and coreceptor during the formation of an infectious synapse.
PRICE AND QUANTITY RESPONSES TO COST AND DEMAND SHOCKS

When prices are inflexible, real variables like production and inventories must bear the brunt of responding to cost and demand shocks. In these circumstances, one expects to observe rather more variation in quantities than in prices, and that is, in fact, what we observe in the data. To explain this observation, one must explain why prices are inflexible. Our goal in this paper is to ascertain whether it is selectively in response to demand shocks or just a more extensive smoothing of prices than quantities which accounts for the relatively higher variation in quantities which we observe. We conclude that selectively in response is clearly evident in the data: demand shocks have only very week effects on prices, but they have substantial (if rather transitory) effects on quantities. Copyright 1995 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Structure and assembly of the mouse ASC inflammasome by combined NMR spectroscopy and cryo-electron microscopy

Significance Invading pathogens and other danger-associated signals are recognized by the innate immune system. Subsequently, the eukaryotic protein ASC [apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (CARD)] assembles to long filaments, which might serve to amplify the signal and activate an inflammatory response. We have determined the structure of the mouse ASC filament at atomic resolution. The pyrin domain of ASC forms the helical filament core, and the CARD, thus far elusive to experimental observation, is flexibly unfolded on the filament periphery. The integration of data from two structural methods, cryo-electron microscopy and solid-state NMR spectroscopy, opens perspectives for structural studies of inflammasomes and related molecular assemblies. Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that control the innate immune response by activating caspase-1, thus promoting the secretion of cytokines in response to invading pathogens and endogenous triggers. Assembly of inflammasomes is induced by activation of a receptor protein. Many inflammasome receptors require the adapter protein ASC [apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (CARD)], which consists of two domains, the N-terminal pyrin domain (PYD) and the C-terminal CARD. Upon activation, ASC forms large oligomeric filaments, which facilitate procaspase-1 recruitment. Here, we characterize the structure and filament formation of mouse ASC in vitro at atomic resolution. Information from cryo-electron microscopy and solid-state NMR spectroscopy is combined in a single structure calculation to obtain the atomic-resolution structure of the ASC filament. Perturbations of NMR resonances upon filament formation monitor the specific binding interfaces of ASC-PYD association. Importantly, NMR experiments show the rigidity of the PYD forming the core of the filament as well as the high mobility of the CARD relative to this core. The findings are validated by structure-based mutagenesis experiments in cultured macrophages. The 3D structure of the mouse ASC-PYD filament is highly similar to the recently determined human ASC-PYD filament, suggesting evolutionary conservation of ASC-dependent inflammasome mechanisms.
The Reflections of the International Accounting Harmonization on Emerging Economies: Jordan as an Example

Beyond the phenomenon of international accounting harmonization and its causes, there still a debate on its reflections, implications and consequences, especially in the emerging economies. In addition, there are proponents and opponents for such a topic as it looks like a form of globalization and a rigid standardization. Therefore, it is questionable whether international standards driven by the advanced countries for a social science like accounting can be installed and are optimal for emerging economies with the Jordanian case taken as an example. With this example, it is apparent that there are ambitious steps in applying the economic reform regime on the one hand, however it lacks the large Jordanian multinational companies (MNCs), which are one of the most vocal parties in demanding a cosmopolitan set of accounting standards, on the other hand. The case of Jordan reflects an ideal situation for the use of glocalization as a possible solution for the stagnation in accounting thought and practice influenced by the extreme polarization between the proponents and opponents accounting globalization.
Suicide prevention in adolescents: a controlled study of the effectiveness of a school-based psycho-educational program.

BACKGROUND Psycho-educational programs are among the most commonly applied suicide prevention approaches for young people. This study examined the effectiveness of these programs in a controlled study by assessing the effect on knowledge, attitudes, coping and hopelessness. METHOD Fourteen- to 18-year-old students were administered structured questionnaires before and after the program to assess the effect on knowledge, attitudes, coping and hopelessness. RESULTS The program had no effect on coping styles and levels of hopelessness. However, a positive effect on knowledge could be identified and an interaction effect of the program with gender on attitudes was also found. A negative impact of the program could not be found. Results indicated effects of gender and pre-test on knowledge, attitudes and coping. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study suggest that psycho-educational programs in schools may influence knowledge about suicide and attitudes towards suicidal persons but may not affect the use of coping styles or levels of hopelessness.
An Information Interpretation of Financial Analyst Superiority in Forecasting Earnings

This paper develops and tests an information-based model for conditions under which analysts earnings forecasts are likely to be more accurate than forecasts of time-series models. Three information variables are considered, namely the dimensionality of the information set, the precision of the information items, and the correlation amongst the information items. The respective proxy variables for the information variables are firm size, extent of agreement amongst analysts, and the number of lines of business the firm operates in. Evidence is provided that analysts are likely to be more accurate than time series models for larger firms and for firms whereby analysts have more homogeneous earnings forecasts.
Industrial transformation and sustainable development in developing countries

We examined the relationship between industrial transformation and the positive and negative impacts of industry on sustainable development in developing countries. We started by assigning developing countries to five groups based on the extent to which they have transformed and reoriented their manufacturing sectors. We then compared the changes in economic, social and environmental variables that occurred in these groups between the years 1990 and 2004. We found that those groups that experienced the greatest industrial transformation were the ones with the greater positive impacts in terms of per capita industrial output and employment and greater reductions in impacts in terms of energy intensity. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
SEDIMENT‐ASSOCIATED PESTICIDES IN AN URBAN STREAM IN GUANGZHOU, CHINA: IMPLICATION OF A SHIFT IN PESTICIDE USE PATTERNS

Pesticide use patterns in China have changed in recent years; however, the study of the environmental fate of current‐use pesticides (CUPs) and their ecotoxicological significance in aquatic ecosystems is limited. In the present study, sediments were collected from an urban stream in the Chinese city of Guangzhou. Sediment‐associated legacy organochlorine pesticides and CUPs—including organophosphates, pyrethroids, fipronil, and abamectin—were analyzed. Additionally, the relative toxicity of the sediments was evaluated with 10‐d bioassays using Chironomus dilutus. Fifteen of 16 sediments collected from the stream were acutely toxic to C. dilutus, with 81% of the samples causing 100% mortality. Abamectin, fipronil, and pyrethroids (mainly cypermethrin) were identified as the principal contributors to the noted toxicity in the midges, with median predicted toxic units of 1.63, 1.63, and 1.03, respectively. Sediments taken from downstream sites, where residential and industrial regions were located, had elevated CUP concentrations and sediment toxicity compared with upstream sites. The present study is the first of its kind to link sediment CUPs, fipronil, and abamectin concentrations with toxicity in urban streams in China with a focus on shifting pesticide usage patterns. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:1040–1047. © 2013 SETAC