Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MRCPs-and-ERS/D-Oscillations-Driven Deep Learning Models for Decoding Unimanual and Bimanual Movements

Motor brain-computer interface (BCI) can intend to restore or compensate for central nervous system functionality. In the motor-BCI, motor execution (ME), which relies on patients’ residual or intact movement functions, is a more intuitive and natural paradigm. Based on the ME paradigm, we can decode voluntary hand movement intentions from electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Numerous studies have investigated EEG-based unimanual movement decoding. Moreover, some studies have explored bimanual movement decoding since bimanual coordination is important in daily-life assistance and bilateral neurorehabilitation therapy. However, the multi-class classification of the unimanual and bimanual movements shows weak performance. To address this problem, in this work, we propose a neurophysiological signatures-driven deep learning model utilizing the movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) and event-related synchronization/ desynchronization (ERS/D) oscillations for the first time, inspired by the finding that brain signals encode motor-related information with both evoked potentials and oscillation components in ME. The proposed model consists of a feature representation module, an attention-based channel-weighting module, and a shallow convolutional neural network module. Results show that our proposed model has superior performance to the baseline methods. Six-class classification accuracies of unimanual and bimanual movements achieved 80.3%. Besides, each feature module of our model contributes to the performance. This work is the first to fuse the MRCPs and ERS/D oscillations of ME in deep learning to enhance the multi-class unimanual and bimanual movements’ decoding performance. This work can facilitate the neural decoding of unimanual and bimanual movements for neurorehabilitation and assistance.
Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of 9-Alkylamino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridines against Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum Promastigotes

Leishmaniasis is one of the most neglected diseases in modern times, mainly affecting people from developing countries of the tropics, subtropics and the Mediterranean basin, with approximately 350 million people considered at risk of developing this disease. The incidence of human leishmaniasis has increased over the past decades due to failing prevention and therapeutic measures—there are no vaccines and chemotherapy, which is problematic. Acridine derivatives constitute an interesting group of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds associated with numerous bioactivities, with emphasis to their antileishmanial potential. The present work builds on computational studies focusing on a specific enzyme of the parasite, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMet DC), with several 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-acridines emerging as potential inhibitors, evidencing this scaffold as a promising building block for novel antileishmanial pharmaceuticals. Thus, several 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine derivatives have been synthesized, their activity against Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum promastigotes evaluated and a structure–activity relationship (SAR) study was developed based on the results obtained. Even though the majority of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridines evaluated presented high levels of toxicity, the structural information gathered in this work allowed its application with another scaffold (quinoline), leading to the obtention of N1,N12-bis(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)dodecane-1,12-diamine (12) as a promising novel antileishmanial agent (IC50 = 0.60 ± 0.11 μM, EC50 = 11.69 ± 3.96 μM and TI = 19.48).
Measuring magnetic fields in CP stars using a multiline approach

We have developed a new code for measuring stellar magnetic fields by calculation using fast transforms of the Fourier cross-correlation function from spectra with reciprocal circular polarization. To test the code, spectra of stars with previously measured magnetic fields were used. In some cases, discrepancies between the field strength obtained by Babcock's classical technique and using our code occur.To search for other articles by the author(s) go to: http://adsabs.harvard. edu/abstract_service. html
Optical Follow up Photometry of the Transiting Extrasolar Planet XO-2

Abstract We present three full z-band transit light curves for the extrasolar planet XO-2 obtained with KeplerCam and the FLWO 1.2m telescope. The system parameters were determined fitting the data to transit models using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation (MCMC). The main results presented in this poster are revised values for the parameters Rp/Rs, a/Rs and b.
A Novel Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Interleukin-10 Gene is Linked to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Iraqi Patients with Toxoplasmosis(Conference Paper )#

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disorder that is a serious health concern all over the globe, it is linked to Interleukin-10 (IL-10) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the promoter region. On the other hand, diabetes influences the cellular and humoral immunity predisposing the patient to a variety of opportunistic parasites one of them is Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), which may infect any nucleated cell, including pancreatic cells. The purpose of this research was to explore the association of IL-10 genetic polymorphisms with T2DM and latent toxoplasmosis among Iraqi patients with T2DM. Fifty-five and fifty-eight venous blood samples were taken from T2DM patients and age-matched non-diabetic persons, respectively. Sera from all samples had been tested for the presence of anti-toxoplasma antibodies using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed by specific primers and the products were sequenced at Macrogen /Korea. A higher percentage of T. gondii infection was found in T2DM patients (52.1%) and 31.5% of non-diabetic persons. The high frequency of the SNP at position -3952 among T2DM patients, and this is a novel finding. An interesting result, an increased risk of T2DM was observed in carriers of -1082 A/G variants, which was high frequency among studied subjects. The carriers of both -1082 AG+GG and -3952 AG+GG genotypes had a synergistic effect on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus significantly. A significant association between T2DM and polymorphisms at positions -1082 A/G and -3952 A/G of the IL-10 gene.
Field-aligned beam observations at the quasi-perpendicular bow shock : Generation and shock angle dependence

[1] On 19 October 1995 the Geotail satellite skimmed along the quasi-perpendicular bow shock for more than 3 hours, and field-aligned ion beams (FABs) were continuously observed in the foreshock region. Also observed were 11 crossings with the bow shock where these FABs are thought to be generated. The upstream condition of the bow shock was in the state of low Mach number (MA ∼ 2.9) and low beta (β ∼ 0.02). By a detailed study of the evolution of the ion distribution across one of the crossings, we have found that leakage as origin of these ions from the magnetosheath is unlikely. Comparison of the observations with simulations suggests that FAB ions are generated by multiple interaction of incoming solar wind ions with the bow shock. We have then compared the FAB flux normalized by the solar wind flux, , with the shock angle θBn and have found that falls off rapidly just above θBn > 60°, but it maintains significant level ( ∼ 0.01%) up to ∼75°.
Derivations of Integral Equations of Elasticity

In this paper, we derive the integral equations of elasticity, which may be considered to be a very general formulation for solutions of (cracked and uncracked) elasticity problems. The formulation is general enough to be a starting point for an analytical study or for a numerical treatment. The theory can be developed either by utilizing Betti's law or the weighted residual method, or directly resorting to physical meaning, as in the potential theory. To show that the results of the derivations are consistent with one another, we also prove four lemmas of the properties of the kernel functions. The derivations are continued by applying two commutative operations, traction and trace, leading naturally to the concept of Hadamard principal value. Consequently, singularity, often present in problems involving geometry degeneracy, causes no particular difficulties. Finally, we employ two examples to demonstrate the usefulness of the resulting dual boundary integral equations in both analytical and numerical s.
Reverse predictive analysis of Rhizoma Pinelliae and Rhizoma Coptidis on differential miRNA target genes in lung adenocarcinoma

To use bioinformatics and network analysis to reveal the mechanism of “Rhizoma Pinelliae-Rhizoma Coptidis” herb pair in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. The target and pathway of “Rhizoma Pinelliae-Rhizoma Coptidis” herb pair in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma were explored by online databases and network analysis tools, and the potential biomarkers of “Rhizoma Pinelliae-Rhizoma Coptidis” herb pair in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma were predicted in reverse. A total of 59 traditional Chinese medicine compounds and 510 drug targets were screened in this study. A total of 25 micro-RNAs and 15,323 disease targets were obtained through GEO2R software analysis. In the end, 294 therapeutic targets and 47 core targets were obtained. A total of 186 gene ontology enrichment assays were obtained, and core therapeutic targets play multiple roles in biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular composition. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed that the core targets were mainly enriched in cancer-related pathways, immune-related pathways, endocrine-related pathways, etc, among which the non-small cell lung cancer pathway was the most significant core pathway. Molecular docking shows that the compound and the target have good binding ability. “Rhizoma Pinelliae-Rhizoma Coptidis” herb pair plays a mechanism of action in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma through multiple targets and pathways. miR-5703, miR-3125, miR-652-5P, and miR-513c-5p may be new biomarkers for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
Geographical shifts in the successional dynamics of inland dune shrub communities

Abstract Species' environmental requirements and large‐scale spatial and evolutionary processes determine the structure and composition of local communities. However, ecological interactions also have major effects on community assembly at landscape and local scales. We evaluate whether two xerophytic shrub communities occurring in SW Portugal follow constrained ecological assembly dynamics throughout large geographical extents, or their composition is rather driven by species’ individualistic responses to environmental and macroecological constraints. Inland dune xerophytic shrub communities were characterized in 95 plots. Then, we described the main gradients of vegetation composition and assessed the relevance of biotic interactions. We also characterized the habitat suitability of the dominant species, Stauracanthus genistoides, and Ulex australis, to map the potential distribution of the xerophytic shrub communities. Finally, we examined the relationships between the vegetation gradients and a broad set of explanatory variables to identify the relative importance of each factor driving changes in community composition. We found that xerophytic shrubs follow uniform successional patterns throughout the whole geographical area studied, but each community responds differently to the main environmental gradients in each region. Soil organic matter is the main determinant of community variations in the northern region, Setúbal Peninsula, whereas aridity is so in the South/South‐Western region. In contrast, in the central region, Comporta, the variation between S. genistoides and U. australis communities is explained mainly by aridity and temperature seasonality, followed by the individualistic responses of the dominant species and soil organic matter. Overall, these results indicate that, the relative importance of the main factors causing community‐level responses varies according to regional processes and the suitability of the environmental conditions for the dominant species in these communities. These responses are also determined by intrinsic community mechanisms that result in a high degree of similarity in the gradient‐driven community stages in different regions.
Comparison of Feng spinal mobilization with Maitland mobilization in management of chronic nonspecific low back pain: A cohort study

Feng spinal mobilization (FSM) is one of the most widely practiced techniques in traditional Chinese osteopathy, especially in China. However, whether this FSM technique is more effective than the Maitland posteroanterior mobilization (MM), which is widely used all over the world, is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze and compare the efficacy of these 2 treatments in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNLBP) as to provide a basis for the clinical treatment of chronic low back pain. A total of 83 patients, including 43 patients in the FSM group and 40 in the MM group, were enrolled in this cohort study. FSM or MM was performed on patients 3 times during a period of 2 weeks. Changes in the subjective and objective measurements were measured before and after the third treatment. The subjective symptoms recorded included the visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The objective symptoms, including the lumbar range of motion (ROM), and straight leg raise (SLR) height were also checked for any changes. The VAS scores were reassessed at the 1-year follow-up visit. The results showed that 2 weeks of FSM treatment significantly improved CNLBP patients modified Schober test (P < .05), extension ROM (P < .01), and SLR height (P < .05) while MM treatment did not. Both treatments significantly decreased the values of VAS, Oswestry disability index, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (P < .01). Compared to the MM treatment, the FSM treatment showed a much more significant improvement in VAS score (P < .01), range of motion of extension (P < .01), and SLR of both sides (P < .05). At the 1-year follow-up, VAS scores in both groups decreased significantly compared to pretreatments; however, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Our data suggested that the FSM treatment can provide better efficacy than MM in CNLBP patients, improving the VAS scores, lumbar extension ROM, and SLR height in a shorter time.
A role for β‐catenin in diet‐induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance

A central characteristic of insulin resistance is the impaired ability for insulin to stimulate glucose uptake into skeletal muscle. While insulin resistance can occur distal to the canonical insulin receptor‐PI3k‐Akt signaling pathway, the signaling intermediates involved in the dysfunction are yet to be fully elucidated. β‐catenin is an emerging distal regulator of skeletal muscle and adipocyte insulin‐stimulated GLUT4 trafficking. Here, we investigate its role in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Short‐term (5‐week) high‐fat diet (HFD) decreased skeletal muscle β‐catenin protein expression 27% (p = 0.03), and perturbed insulin‐stimulated β‐cateninS552 phosphorylation 21% (p = 0.009) without affecting insulin‐stimulated Akt phosphorylation relative to chow‐fed controls. Under chow conditions, mice with muscle‐specific β‐catenin deletion had impaired insulin responsiveness, whereas under HFD, both mice exhibited similar levels of insulin resistance (interaction effect of genotype × diet p < 0.05). Treatment of L6‐GLUT4‐myc myocytes with palmitate lower β‐catenin protein expression by 75% (p = 0.02), and attenuated insulin‐stimulated β‐catenin phosphorylationS552 and actin remodeling (interaction effect of insulin × palmitate p < 0.05). Finally, β‐cateninS552 phosphorylation was 45% lower in muscle biopsies from men with type 2 diabetes while total β‐catenin expression was unchanged. These findings suggest that β‐catenin dysfunction is associated with the development of insulin resistance.
Catching the habit: a study of inequality of opportunity in smoking‐related mortality

Summary. The paper presents a latent factor model for initiation of smoking, cessation and mortality using the British Health and Lifestyle Survey. This allows us to investigate inequality of opportunity in risk of mortality, focusing on the intergenerational transmission of smoking. We find that the hazard of mortality is higher for current and former smokers relative to never smokers. Furthermore we find that parental smoking plays an important role in the dynamics of smoking and indirectly affects mortality. Predictions derived from the model show that inequality in mortality decreases if individuals adopt the best level of effort (not smoking) or if circumstances are favourable (if parents are non‐smokers).
Musculoskeletal Stabilization of the Elbow - Complex or Real

Both sensory information and mechanical properties of the musculoskeletal system are necessary for fast and appropriate reactions of humans and animals to environmental perturbations. In this paper, we focus on the musculoskeletal system and study the stability of a human elbow in an equilibrium state. We derive a biomechanical model of the human elbow, including an antagonistic pair of muscles, and investigate the stability analytically based on the theory of Ljapunov. Depending on the elbow angle and the level of coactivation, we obtain the following three qualitatively different behaviors: unstable, stable with real eigenvalues, and stable with complex eigenvalues. If the eigenvalues are real, then the system is critically damped; for complex eigenvalues, solutions near the equilibrium are oscillating. Based on experimental data, we found that in principle real and complex behaviors may occur in human arm movements. The experiments support the analytical predictions. Furthermore, in agreement with the simulations, we found differences in the experimental results among the subjects. The results of this study support the assumption that arm movements around an equilibrium point may be self-stabilized without sensory feedback or motor control, based only on mechanical properties of musculoskeletal systems.
Spatial Resolution and Information Content in Echographic Texture Analysis

The problem of achieving acceptable object classification accuracy by echographic image texture analysis, whilst maintaining some spatial resolution, was studied empirically. Images obtained from mesh phantoms were classified on the basis of textural features within specified regions of interest (ROI) of El-scans. Various sizes of ROI were used. The product of ROI size and number of ROI's analysed proved to be a good index of information content, correlating well with discriminant accuracy. Good classification was obtained (so long as textural features were averaged over a sufficient number of ROI's) even when the ROI size was as small as the resolution cell size.
Vapour–liquid phase transition of dipolar particles

The question of whether a vapour–liquid phase transition exists in systems of particles with purely dipolar interactions is examined. New Monte Carlo simulation results are presented for the dipolar Yukawa hard sphere (DYHS) fluid with very small values of the attractive Yukawa well depth, almost two orders of magnitude smaller than the characteristic dipolar interaction energy. In this way, it is possible to approach the dipolar hard sphere (DHS) limit. It is found that phase separation is not observable beyond a critical value of the Yukawa energy parameter, even though in thermodynamic and structural terms, the DYHS and DHS systems are very similar. It is suggested that either some very subtle physics distinguishes the DYHS and DHS systems, or the observation of a phase transition in DHSs is precluded by finite-size effects.
Experiences of a Multiethnic Cohort of Patients Enrolled in a Financial Reimbursement Program for Cancer Clinical Trials

PURPOSE: Financial reimbursement programs (FRPs) offset out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses from therapeutic clinical trial (TCT) participation. The study explores patients' experience in TCTs after enrollment in a FRP at two academic medical centers, including barriers and opportunities to improve trial participation. METHODS: From May 2019 to January 2020, adults diagnosed with cancer and eligible for TCTs and FRP were recruited from the Improving Patient Access to Cancer Clinical Trials randomized trial at the University of California San Francisco and University of Southern California. Patients with income ≤ 700% of national poverty guidelines were eligible. Semistructured interviews were conducted in patients' preferred language. Qualitative analysis was performed by site and preferred language by two independent coders. RESULTS: Of 65 trial patients, 53 participated (38%, University of California San Francisco; 62%, USC). The median age was 59 (IQR, 46-65) years, and 58% were female. Nearly half (49%) identified as Latinx/Hispanic compared with 32% non-Hispanic White, 10% Asian, 4% Black, 1% Native American, and 4% Others. A third were non-English speakers, 42% had college education or more, and 55% were retired/unemployed. Most common malignancies were gastrointestinal (42%), breast (19%), and genitourinary (13%), and 66% had metastatic disease. Patients experienced long travel time (1-4.5 hours) among 57% and financial toxicity from OOP costs (68%). High acceptability of the FRP was reported (81%). Although 30% of patients reported willingness to discuss finances of cancer treatment/trial with physicians, majority (87%) preferred discussion with social workers or TCT staff. Proposed modifications to TCTs included decentralization, recruitment strategies, voucher structure, and established rates for OOP expenses. CONCLUSION: Patients' experience with TCTs reveal financial and logistical stressors that may be lessened by the Improving Patient Access to Cancer Clinical Trial reimbursement program. FRPs may address inequities in clinical trial access among low-income and diverse populations.
H ∞ switched adaptive control for a class of robot manipulators

This paper investigates the H ∞ adaptive tracking control problem for a class of robot manipulators with alternating unknown loads. Since each load produces its corresponding parameter of the manipulator, a switched system is established to model the parameter-jumping manipulator, where each subsystem represents the manipulator carrying the corresponding load. An individual adaptive controller is designed for each subsystem. Under arbitrary load changings, asymptotic tracking is achieved in the absence of disturbance. Meanwhile, for non-zero disturbance, a sufficient condition is proposed to guarantee the solvability of the H ∞ tracking control problem of the closed-loop system. The provided method is validated by a two-degree-of-freedom robot manipulator.