Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the Stainless Steel Dust Briquette Reduction Process for Iron, Chromium, and Nickel Recovery

Abstract The recovery of iron, chromium, and nickel from stainless steel dust (SSD) has attracted considerable attention for their utilization as secondary resources in the ever-growing field of steelmaking. This paper investigates the reduction process of SSD briquettes in iron-baths in detail in order to determine the optimum processing parameters. A novel method of analysis by studying the erosion behavior of a corundum crucible was adopted to accurately calculate the recovery rate of the metals, and the effect of the parameters on the triple metals recovery rate was determined by orthogonal testing. The results show that the most important factor for the SSD briquetting process is water, followed by sucrose, carbon, and pressure. The optimum parameters of the SSD briquetting process are 13 wt% sucrose, 13 wt% water, 11 wt% carbon, and 30 MPa pressure. The compressive intensity was found to be 27.6 MPa. When a basicity of 1.6, 17% carbon, 5 wt% ferrosilicon, and 6% CaF2 were used in the SSD briquette reduction process, the triple metal recovery rate was in the range of 94 –100 %, 90 –100 %, and almost 100 %, respectively.
ON THE LATTICE OF RECURSIVELY ENUMERABLE SETS

This paper presents some new theorems concerning recursively enumerable (r.e.) sets. The aim of the paper is to advance the search for a decision procedure for the elementary theory of r.e. sets. More precisely, an effective method is sought for deciding whether or not an arbitrary sentence formulated in the lower predicate calculus with sole relative symbol c is true of the r.e. sets. The main achievement of the paper is the characterisation of the hh-simple sets as those coinfinite r.e. sets whose r.e. supersets form a Boolean algebra. The reader is referred to Davis's book [1] for basic information about the partial recursive (p.r.) functions and about r.e. sets. Other background material required for a proper understanding of the present paper consists of [8], [3, Theorem 2], [10, Introduction and ? 4], and [5] where the contributions have been listed in their natural order. We take the formulation of the lower predicate calculus given in Abraham Robinson [9]. Natural numbers are denoted by lower case Roman letters and sets of them by lower case Greek letters. The empty set is denoted by 0 and the set of all natural numbers by v. The complement of any set a is denoted by a'; a is called cofinite or coinfinite just if a' is finite or infinite respectively. For sets a, / we write aoc3 just if the set (a -3 u (3 a) is finite; otherwise we write aZ 3. By function we mean a map of some subset of v x v x **. x v into v; functions will be denoted by upper case Roman letters as will relations on the natural numbers. The informal logical signs used are v , &, ->, , (x), (Ex), -,> which are to be read as " or ", " and ", " implies ", "not", "for all x", "there exists x", "is equivalent to" respectively. Let ,' be a finite class of propositions; then s otherwise sup a is to be oo. The plan of the paper is as follows. In the first section we give a brief discussion of the elementary theory of r.e. sets and prove that its decision problem is of the same degree as that of the elementary theory of the lattice obtained by taking the equivalence classes of r.e. sets with respect to -. In ? 2 we prove the main theorem which states: if a is an r.e. subset of an r.e. set / then either there exists a recursive subset 8 of:/ such that a u 8 = 3 or there exists a recursive sequence {8il of disjoint finite subsets of / such that 8i a is nonempty for all i. This theorem was inspired by
Evaluation of osteogenic cell culture and osteogenic/peripheral blood mononuclear human cell co-culture on modified titanium surfaces

This study aimed to determine the effect of a bioactive ceramic coating on titanium in the nanothickness range on human osteogenic cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and on osteogenic cells co-cultured with PBMC without exogenous stimuli. Cell viability, proliferation, adhesion, cytokine release (IL1β, TGFβ1, IL10 and IL17) and intracellular stain for osteopontin and alkaline phosphatase were assessed. Morphologic evaluation showed smaller and less spread cell aspects in co-culture relative to osteogenic cell culture. Cell viability, proliferation and adhesion kinetics were differently influenced by surface texture/chemistry in culture versus co-culture. Cytokine release was also influenced by the interaction between mononuclear and osteogenic cells (mediators released by mononuclear cells acted on osteogenic cells and vice versa). In general, ‘multi-cell type’ interactions played a more remarkable role than the surface roughness or chemistry utilized on the in vitro cellular events related to initial stages of bone formation.
Properties of Horizontal and Vertical Inputs to Pyramidal Cells in the Superficial Layers of the Cat Visual Cortex

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the integrative input mechanisms of pyramidal cells receiving horizontally projecting axon collaterals (horizontal projection) and vertical input from layer IV. We performed whole-cell recordings from pyramidal cells in layer II/III and focally activated other single pyramidal cells monosynaptically connected via long-distance horizontal (LH) projections (the distance between presynaptic and postsynaptic cells was 350–1200 μm) in slice preparations of the kitten primary visual cortex. In addition, presynaptic single fibers in layer IV (vertical input) and/or short-distance horizontal (SH) inputs from neighboring single pyramidal cells (distance within 100 μm) in layer II/III were activated. Unitary EPSPs evoked by the activation of LH and SH connections had smaller amplitude and larger coefficient of variation than those evoked by stimulating the vertical input. Paired-pulse stimulation of the LH and SH inputs caused the depression of the second EPSP, whereas that of vertical inputs caused either facilitation or depression of the second EPSP. The EPSPs evoked by simultaneous activation of LH and vertical inputs summated linearly at the resting membrane potential. However, the EPSPs evoked by stimulation of the two inputs were nonlinearly (supralinearly) summated when the postsynaptic membrane was depolarized to a certain level. Similar EPSP interaction was observed in response to simultaneous activation of the LH and SH inputs.
Fixing an error in Caponnetto and de Vito (2007)

The seminal paper of Caponnetto and de Vito (2007) provides minimax-optimal rates for kernel ridge regression in a very general setting. Its proof, however, contains an error in its bound on the effective dimensionality. In this note, we explain the mistake, provide a correct bound, and show that the main theorem remains true.
Polyadic algebras over nonclassical logics

The polyadic algebras that arise from the algebraization of the ﬁrst-order extensions of a SIC are characterized and a representation theorem is proved. Standard implicational calculi (SIC)’s were considered by H. Rasiowa [19] and include classical and intuitionistic logic and their various weakenings and fragments, the many-valued logics of Post and Lukasiewicz, modal logics that admit the rule of necessitation, BCK logic, etc.
Towards Distributed Mobile Computing

In the latest years, we observed an exponential growth of the market of the mobile devices. In this scenario, it assumes a particular relevance the rate at which mobile devices are replaced. According to the International Telecommunicaton Union in fact, smart-phone owners replace their device every 20 months, on average. The side effect of this trend is to deal with the disposal of an increasing amount of electronic devices which, in many cases, arestill working. We believe that it is feasible to recover such an unexploited computational power. Through a change of paradigm in fact, it is possible to achieve a two-fold objective: 1) extend the mobile devices lifetime, 2) enable a new opportunity to speed up mobile applications. In this paper we aim at providing a survey of state-of-art solutions aim at going in the direction of a Distributed Mobile Computing paradigm. We put in evidence the challenges to be addressed in order to implement this paradigm and we propose some possible future improvements.
Speeding up Queries in a Leaf Image Database

We have an Electronic Field Guide which contains an image database with thousands of leaf images. We have a system which can take a photo of a leaf and use this image to query the database and bring out a set of leaf images which have the most similar shape as the query leaves from different species. The existing query algorithm is based on a brute force approach, and it does not have a very attractive query processing time. After we have tried some approaches to speed up the system, we discovered that two methods using a distance matrix show some usable improvement. Key Terms: Nearest Neighbor Query, Metric Space, Data Structures, Image Database
Complete nucleotide sequences of Marburg virus genes 5 and 6 encoding VP30 and VP24 proteins.

Nucleotide sequences of the genes 5 and 6 of the Marburg virus, Popp strain, were determined. ORFs encoding polypeptides VP30 (281 a.a., MW 32,640) and VP24 (253 a.a., MW 28,621) were found. The putative transcription start and stop signals for viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase were revealed for both genes. Overlapping of genes 5 and 6 was shown. The deduced amino acid sequences of VP30 and VP24 proteins displayed significant homology with the analogous proteins of another filovirus, the Ebola virus (33% and 37%, respectively). The VP24 appeared to have a hydrophobic amino acid composition; content of hydrophobic amino acids was 40.7%. Model of VP24 location in the virion was suggested.
Failure mode analysis of silicon-based intracortical microelectrode arrays in non-human primates

Objective. Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) using chronically implanted intracortical microelectrode arrays (MEAs) have the potential to restore lost function to people with disabilities if they work reliably for years. Current sensors fail to provide reliably useful signals over extended periods of time for reasons that are not clear. This study reports a comprehensive retrospective analysis from a large set of implants of a single type of intracortical MEA in a single species, with a common set of measures in order to evaluate failure modes. Approach. Since 1996, 78 silicon MEAs were implanted in 27 monkeys (Macaca mulatta). We used two approaches to find reasons for sensor failure. First, we classified the time course leading up to complete recording failure as acute (abrupt) or chronic (progressive). Second, we evaluated the quality of electrode recordings over time based on signal features and electrode impedance. Failure modes were divided into four categories: biological, material, mechanical, and unknown. Main results. Recording duration ranged from 0 to 2104 days (5.75 years), with a mean of 387 days and a median of 182 days (n = 78). Sixty-two arrays failed completely with a mean time to failure of 332 days (median = 133 days) while nine array experiments were electively terminated for experimental reasons (mean = 486 days). Seven remained active at the close of this study (mean = 753 days). Most failures (56%) occurred within a year of implantation, with acute mechanical failures the most common class (48%), largely because of connector issues (83%). Among grossly observable biological failures (24%), a progressive meningeal reaction that separated the array from the parenchyma was most prevalent (14.5%). In the absence of acute interruptions, electrode recordings showed a slow progressive decline in spike amplitude, noise amplitude, and number of viable channels that predicts complete signal loss by about eight years. Impedance measurements showed systematic early increases, which did not appear to affect recording quality, followed by a slow decline over years. The combination of slowly falling impedance and signal quality in these arrays indicates that insulating material failure is the most significant factor. Significance. This is the first long-term failure mode analysis of an emerging BCI technology in a large series of non-human primates. The classification system introduced here may be used to standardize how neuroprosthetic failure modes are evaluated. The results demonstrate the potential for these arrays to record for many years, but achieving reliable sensors will require replacing connectors with implantable wireless systems, controlling the meningeal reaction, and improving insulation materials. These results will focus future research in order to create clinical neuroprosthetic sensors, as well as valuable research tools, that are able to safely provide reliable neural signals for over a decade.
Algorithms of light wave reflectivity normal through the interface

It sometimes appears resonance phenomenon that both the reflective wave and refractive wave coexist when the incident angle is a value of the range for wave through the interface for example both air and water. We design a kind of calculation method of resonance wave reflectivity on the basis of the degree of the ratio of both the normal component of incident wave the wavelength that is compressed and refractive wavelength when incident wave the through the interface. The methods could calculate resonance phenomenon that the wave travel to split into two ray direction on the interface both sides. The methods will be widely used in various fields for resonance wave calculation such as light, electromagnetic waves, sound waves and water waves etc.
Predictors of screening mammography: implications for office practice.

BACKGROUND The completion of annual screening mammography and other preventive health services among women aged 50 years and older remains an important quality of care indicator. METHODS A biracial sample of 843 rural women (aged > or =50 years) from a population-based sample reported demographic and preventive health services utilization in the last year including the completion of screening mammography. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were used to investigate the extent to which completion of other screening examinations, including Papanicolaou (Pap) smears and clinical breast examination, is associated with successful completion of mammography relative to demographic and health service variables. RESULTS The completion of mammography was associated with age, race, education, health insurance, and the presence of a regular primary care physician, but the strongest predictors were the completion of a clinical breast examination and/or a Pap smear. CONCLUSIONS Women who receive a clinical breast examination and/or a Pap smear appear far more likely to receive screening mammography, suggesting a synergy in screening services. The relative efficacy of interventions to increase the completion of clinical breast examinations as well as other age-appropriate preventive services during routine office visits or during a single preventive services office visit should be further explored in primary care settings. Residency programs should provide training on the successful incorporation of such services into office practice patterns in an effort to continually improve quality of care.
Diabetes mellitus in patients with cirrhosis: clinical implications and management

Disorders of glucose metabolism, namely glucose intolerance and diabetes, are frequent in patients with chronic liver diseases. In patients with cirrhosis, diabetes can be either a classical type 2 diabetes mellitus or the so‐called hepatogenous diabetes, i.e. a consequence of liver insufficiency and portal hypertension. This review article provides an overview of the possible pathophysiological mechanisms explaining diabetes in patients with cirrhosis. Cirrhosis is associated with portosystemic shunts as well as reduced hepatic mass, which can both impair insulin clearance by the liver, contributing to peripheral insulin resistance through insulin receptors down‐regulation. Moreover, cirrhosis is associated with increased levels of advanced‐glycation‐end products and hypoxia‐inducible‐factors, which may play a role in the development of diabetes. This review also focuses on the clinical implications of diabetes in patients with cirrhosis. First, diabetes is an independent factor for poor prognosis in patients with cirrhosis. Specifically, diabetes is associated with the occurrence of major complications of cirrhosis, including ascites and renal dysfunction, hepatic encephalopathy and bacterial infections. Diabetes is also associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver diseases. Last, the management of patients with concurrent diabetes and liver disease is also addressed. Recent findings suggest a beneficial impact of metformin in patients with chronic liver diseases. Insulin is often required in patients with advanced cirrhosis. However, the favourable impact of controlling diabetes in patients with cirrhosis has not been demonstrated yet.
Adaptive Concatenative Sound Synthesis and Its Application to Micromontage Composition

46 Computer Music Journal Adaptive concatenative sound synthesis (ACSS) is a recent technique for generating and transforming digital sound. Variations of sounds are synthesized from short segments of others in the manner of collage based on a measure of similarity. In electroacoustic music, this has been done by manually locating, categorizing, arranging, and splicing analog tape or digital samples—a style termed micromontage (Roads 2001, pp. 182–187). This is akin to performing granular synthesis by hand. Instead, ACSS provides an intuitive way to automate and control this procedure, freeing time for experimenting and composing with this flexible sound-synthesis technique. As an automation of micromontage methods informed by signal processing and extended to databases of any size, ACSS provides new paths for the art and science of sound collage. Sound synthesis and design—the general organization of sound objects—can develop in directions that are manually prohibitive. Additionally, ACSS provides a creative interface to large databases of sound, where the “query-byexample” paradigm becomes “synthesize-bysound-example. ” Through several illustrative examples, including compositions exploring aspects of the algorithm, this article attempts to demonstrate the potential of ACSS for these applications. A brief history of micromontage and the concepts behind ACSS are presented. Several implementations are reviewed, and a new one is demonstrated and compared to these. Finally, its application to composing in the style of micromontage is explored and analyzed. In the end, it is argued that ACSS provides a flexible, intuitive, and natural way to shape sound. A Brief History of Micromontage
POSSIBLE PATHOGENESIS OF HUNTINGTON'S CHOREA AND A NEW APPROACH TO TREATMENT

Recent identification of glutamate as a transmitter in neocortical efferents and discovery of toxic effects of excessive amounts of extracellular glutamate or its analogues on some brain neurons offer an explanation of the pathogenesis of Huntington's chorea. Cell death as well as consequent biochemical changes and clinical symptoms in this disease possibly result from excessive excitation of the neostriatal, and of some other neurons by glutamate released from neocortical axon terminals. If so, the development of Huntington's chorea could be prevented or arrested by blockers of glutamate transmission, and folate should be reduced to the minimum in the diet of the genetically marked families.
Probabilistic based k-coverage configuration in large-scale sensor networks

In wireless sensor networks, coverage is an important measurement of quality of service (Qos). In this paper, a k-coverage configuration protocol based on the probabilistic detection model (Pro-CCP) is proposed. Pro-CCP is fully distributed and localized. Using our previous work named coverage eligible rule (CER), the proposed protocol is able to configure sensors into several disjoint active sets, each of which can maintain the monitoring area being covered no less than probabilistic γ. In addition, the scheduling scheme after the coverage configuration is presented in details. Simulations and analysis show us that Pro-CCP is a robust algorithm that can configure network coverage for various requirements, and it outperforms than the CCP on the ability of turning off redundant nodes.
The Rice Monovalent Cation Transporter OsHKT2;4: Revisited Ionic Selectivity1[W]

The family of plant membrane transporters named HKT (for high-affinity K+ transporters) can be subdivided into subfamilies 1 and 2, which, respectively, comprise Na+-selective transporters and transporters able to function as Na+-K+ symporters, at least when expressed in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or Xenopus oocytes. Surprisingly, a subfamily 2 member from rice (Oryza sativa), OsHKT2;4, has been proposed to form cation/K+ channels or transporters permeable to Ca2+ when expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Here, OsHKT2;4 functional properties were reassessed in Xenopus oocytes. A Ca2+ permeability through OsHKT2;4 was not detected, even at very low external K+ concentration, as shown by highly negative OsHKT2;4 zero-current potential in high Ca2+ conditions and lack of sensitivity of OsHKT2;4 zero-current potential and conductance to external Ca2+. The Ca2+ permeability previously attributed to OsHKT2;4 probably resulted from activation of an endogenous oocyte conductance. OsHKT2;4 displayed a high permeability to K+ compared with that to Na+ (permeability sequence: K+ > Rb+ ≈ Cs+ > Na+ ≈ Li+ ≈ NH4+). Examination of OsHKT2;4 current sensitivity to external pH suggested that H+ is not significantly permeant through OsHKT2;4 in most physiological ionic conditions. Further analyses in media containing both Na+ and K+ indicated that OsHKT2;4 functions as K+-selective transporter at low external Na+, but transports also Na+ at high (>10 mm) Na+ concentrations. These data identify OsHKT2;4 as a new functional type in the K+ and Na+-permeable HKT transporter subfamily. Furthermore, the high permeability to K+ in OsHKT2;4 supports the hypothesis that this system is dedicated to K+ transport in the plant.
Respiratory syncytial virus infection: clinical features, management, and prophylaxis

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects almost all children by two years of age, resulting in a large number of hospital admissions in infants. Reactive airway disease is more common after RSV infection, even in previously healthy children. Management of the acute infection is supportive, but preliminary evidence suggests surfactant administration to ventilated infants may be of benefit. Whether ribavirin or corticosteroids reduce respiratory morbidity after RSV infection remains controversial. Immunoprophylaxis reduces RSV admissions, Palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, is a more cost-effective prophylaxis than RSV immune globulin. Nevertheless, the cost of prophylaxis, unless only given to very high-risk infants, exceeds savings made in reducing admissions.
Improving the usability of Eclipse for novice programmers

This paper describes how we are designing a set of plug-ins to improve teaching and learning of Java programming. Based on requirements gathered from key project stakeholders, the plug-ins include perspectives for both students and instructors. These plug-ins are being developed as part of the Gild project. The paper summarizes our design process from requirements gathering through to initial tool evaluation. In particular, it details the student perspective and describes how it addresses many pedagogical issues facing computer science educators today. Gild is currently deployed and in use at the University of Victoria.