Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interactive constraint-based search and replace

We describe enhancements to graphical search and replace that allow users to extend the capabilities of a graphical editor. Interactive constraint-based search and replace can search for objects that obey user-specified sets of constraints and automatically apply other constraints to modify these objects. We show how an interactive tool that employs this technique makes it possible for users to define sets of constraints graphically that modify existing illustrations or control the creation of new illustrations. The interace uses the same visual language as the editor and allows users to understand and create powerful rules without conventional programming. Rules can be saved and retrieved for use alone or in combination. Examples, generated with a working implementation, demonstrate applications to drawing beautification and transformation.
The role of emotions in destination visitation intentions: a cross cultural perspective

The role of emotions in consumer attitudes and behaviour has become the focus of much recent research, and no doubt this trend will continue as new findings bring benefits. Within the tourism literature, emotions or affect have been investigated in conjunction with destination image, and a number of studies in the area have provided a direction for the present study. A sample of Italian and American individuals were surveyed to determine the role emotions played in influencing destination visitation intentions, the relationship between emotions and the physical characteristics of a destination, and to determine whether emotions van/across nationalities. The results indicated that emotions were the strongest predictor of visitation intention, that the tourism attraction of a destination stimulate the strongest emotional responses and that there are only minor differences in the intensity of emotional responses between nationalities.
NOVEL SMART pH SENSITIVE CHITOSAN GRAFTED ALGINATE HYDROGEL MICROCAPSULES FOR ORAL PROTEIN DELIVERY: I. PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION

Objectives: Preparation and characterization of a new pH sensitive chitosan (CS) grafted alginate (ALG) hydrogel microcapsules for the oral delivery of protein. Methods: The pH sensitive hydrogel microcapsules were prepared for the first time using “grafting to” technique. Firstly, alginate was activated using ρ-Benzoquinone (PBQ) as a coupling agent to graft Chitosan chains later on. Both of activated and grafted alginate microcapsules were characterized by Fourier transform-Infra red spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and the morphological structures were investigated using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination. Results: It was found that the optimum conditions affecting the activation process and also the swelling degree of the prepared hydrogel microcapsules were 2% ALG, 0.04M PBQ pH10, 45 °C for 2h. In addition, the grafting process depends on the attached amount of PBQ and CS concentration. Maximum grafting efficiency (GE %) and chitosan add-on percentage were 98.6% and 14.8% respectively using 0.3% CS at 40 °C for 3h. Conclusions: Novel pH sensitive hydrogel microcapsules were prepared via grafting of chitosan molecules on to activated alginate backbone. The formulated microcapsules can be applied as a new pH sensitive carrier for protein drugs.
Combination of tadalafil and finasteride for improving the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia: critical appraisal and patient focus

The evidence suggests that combination therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)-lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) using an α-blocker and a 5α-reductase inhibitor has become well accepted. The combination of daily tadalafil and an α-blocker has also demonstrated benefit. This paper addresses combination therapy with daily tadalafil and finasteride for the treatment of BPH-LUTS. Our results demonstrate that use of tadalafil and finasteride represents a logical extension of combination therapies. We analyze a landmark study by Casabé et al that demonstrates improved voiding symptoms as assessed by International Prostate Symptom Scores with a combination of tadalafil and finasteride compared with finasteride and placebo. Study patients had moderate to severe LUTS and prostate volumes >30 g. The additional benefit of improved erectile function as assessed by International Index of Erectile Function-erectile function domain scores with the addition of tadalafil was a secondary benefit. We propose that the ideal patient for combination therapy with tadalafil and finasteride has a prostate volume >30 g and desires additional benefit over monotherapy. For these men, improved erectile function without sexual side effects was a secondary benefit.
Multiple imputation by chained equations: what is it and how does it work?

Multivariate imputation by chained equations (MICE) has emerged as a principled method of dealing with missing data. Despite properties that make MICE particularly useful for large imputation procedures and advances in software development that now make it accessible to many researchers, many psychiatric researchers have not been trained in these methods and few practical resources exist to guide researchers in the implementation of this technique. This paper provides an introduction to the MICE method with a focus on practical aspects and challenges in using this method. A brief review of software programs available to implement MICE and then analyze multiply imputed data is also provided. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Study on Stress Among School Teachers with Special Reference to Madurai District

Teaching is becoming more challenging as a profession and it is one of the most significant and visible profession in the world. Schools are as important as any other organisation in the world. These are tough times to be a teacher. The nature and organization of the job make teaching inherently difficult. Teachers face new challenges and opportunities from increasingly diverse and needy student populations. Demand on teachers develop new knowledge and skills t perform new tasks are rapidly. So too are expectations for school and teacher performance and accountability. Taken together, the characteristics and conditions of teaching present increasingly stressful situations for teachers and situations that may have positive or deleterious consequences for them and for their work with students. We framed this analysis with a conceptual and theoretical overview of psychological stress in the workplace, focusing particularly on organizational sources and consequences of stress. This overview draws primarily on literature from social psychology, organizational and industrial psychology, and organizational studies.
Learning the Compositional Nature of Visual Objects

The compositional nature of visual objects significantly limits their representation complexity and renders learning of structured object models tractable. Adopting this modeling strategy we both (i) automatically decompose objects into a hierarchy of relevant compositions and we (ii) learn such a compositional representation for each category without supervision. The compositional structure supports feature sharing already on the lowest level of small image patches. Compositions are represented as probability distributions over their constituent parts and the relations between them. The global shape of objects is captured by a graphical model which combines all compositions. Inference based on the underlying statistical model is then employed to obtain a category level object recognition system. Experiments on large standard benchmark datasets underline the competitive recognition performance of this approach and they provide insights into the learned compositional structure of objects.
When and How Can Data be Efficiently Released with Privacy ?

We consider private data analysis in the setting in which a trusted and trustworthy curator, having obtained a large data set containing private information, releases to the public a “sanitization” of the data set that simultaneously protects the privacy of the individual contributors of data and offers utility to the data analyst. The sanitization may be in the form of an arbitrary data structure, accompanied by a computational procedure for determining approximate answers to queries on the original data set, or it may be a “synthetic data set” consisting of data items drawn from the same universe as items in the original data set; queries are carried out as if the synthetic data set were the actual input. In either case the process is non-interactive; once the sanitization has been released the original data and the curator play no further role. Blum et al. (STOC ‘08) showed the remarkable result that, for any any set X of potential data items and any “concept” class C of functions f : X → {0, 1}, the exponential mechanism of McSherry and Talwar (FOCS ‘07) can be used to (inefficiently) generate a synthetic data set that maintains approximately correct fractional counts for all concepts in C, while ensuring a strong privacy guarantee. In this work we investigate the computational complexity of non-interactive privacy mechanisms, mapping the boundary between feasibility and infeasibility. Let κ be a computation parameter. We show 1. When |C| and |X| are both polynomial in κ, it is possible to efficiently (in κ) and privately construct synthetic data sets maintaining approximately correct counts, even when the original data set is very small (roughly, O(2 √ log |C| log |X|)). 2. When either |C| or |X| is superpolynomial in κ there exist distributions on data sets and a choice of C for which, assuming the existence of one-way functions, there is no efficient private construction of a synthetic data set maintaining approximately correct counts. 3. Turning to the potentially easier problem of privately generating a data structure from which it is possible to approximate counts, there is a tight connection between hardness of sanitization and the existence of traitor tracing schemes, a method of content distribution in which (short) key strings are assigned to subscribers in a way that, given any useful “pirate” key string constructed by a coalition of malicious subscribers, it is possible to identify at least one colluder. Using known schemes, we obtain a distribution on databases and a concept class permitting inefficient sanitization (via Blum et al.), but for which no efficient sanitization is possible (under certain complexity assumptions). Our algorithmic results give for the first time insight into the value of synthetic data sets beyond that of general data structures.
STUDIES ON BLOOD GLUCOSE, TOTAL PROTEINS, UREA AND CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN CYCLIC, NON-CYCLIC AND ENDOMETRITIC CROSSBRED COWS

Seventy-five crossbred cows kept at the Livestock Experimental Station, Qadirabad, District Sahiwal were divided into three equal groups i.e. cyclic, non cyclic and endometritic. Blood samples were collected from all the experimental animals, serum was separated and stored at –20°C until assayed for glucose (g/dl), total protein (g/dl), urea (mg/dl) and cholesterol (mg/dl). The results revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher values of glucose (58.08 ± 2.59) and cholesterol (290.72 ± 15.95) in endometritic cows as compared to cyclic (50.72 ± 1.12, 199.12 ± 9.38) and non-cyclic cows (50.56 ± 1.12, 202.96 ± 14.84). Total protein level differed significantly (P<0.05) among cows of all the three groups, being highest in endometritic (19.16 ± 1.00), followed by non cyclic (15.23 ± 0.89) and lowest in cyclic (9.19 ± 0.45) cows. However, serum level of urea did not differ in cyclic (30.88 ± 2.42), non cyclic (33.80 ± 3.43) and endometritic (37.12 ± 3.45) animals, although highest value was recorded in endometritic animals.
Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Strategies for the Treatment of Choroidal Neovascularization From Age-Related Macular Degeneration

At least 1.7 million individuals in the U.S. have impaired vision as a result of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in patients with AMD is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss in the elderly. Neovascularization derived from choroidal blood vessels usually breaks through Bruch’s membrane and grows into the subretinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) space. Neovascularization can also extend through the RPE into the subretinal space and result in the exudation of serum and blood in the subretinal and sub-RPE spaces, resulting in distorted and decreased vision. Fluorescein angiography is often useful in the identification of CNV, but RPE cells can proliferate and surround the new blood vessels and obscure some or all of the CNV. Thus, fluorescein angiography defines 2 types of CNV: classic CNV and occult CNV. Classic CNV is characterized by an area of well-demarcated hyperfluorescence that is seen in the early phase of the angiogram with progressive leakage and obscuration of the borders of the CNV. Occult CNV encompasses many fluorescein angiographic appearances that do not conform to the description of classic CNV including fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) and late leakage of undetermined source. In fibrovascular PEDs, areas of irregular elevation of the RPE are seen as areas of stippled hyperfluorescence that are not as bright or as discrete as areas of classic CNV and that show staining or leakage in the late frames of the angiogram. Late leakage of undetermined source consists of areas of late fluorescein leakage with pooling of dye in the overlying subsensory retinal space, in which there is no corresponding well-demarcated area of hyperfluorescence in the early frames of the angiogram. Indocyanine green angiography has been used to further characterize occult CNV.
Variation in metabolic rate of Anopheles gambiae and A. arabiensis in a Sahelian village

SUMMARY In the Sahel, the Anopheles gambiae complex consists of Anopheles arabiensis and the M and S molecular forms of A. gambiae sensu stricto. However, the composition of these malaria vectors varies spatially and temporally throughout the region and is thought to be linked to environmental factors such as rainfall, larval site characteristics and duration of the dry season. To examine possible physiological divergence between these taxa, we measured metabolic rates of mosquitoes during the wet season in a Sahelian village in Mali. To our knowledge, this study provides the first measurements of metabolic rates of A. gambiae and A. arabiensis in the field. The mean metabolic rate of A. arabiensis was higher than that of M-form A. gambiae when accounting for the effects of female gonotrophic status, temperature and flight activity. However, after accounting for their difference in body size, no significant difference in metabolic rate was found between these two species (whilst all other factors were found to be significant). Thus, body size may be a key character that has diverged in response to ecological differences between these two species. Alternatively, these species may display additional differences in metabolic rate only during the dry season. Overall, our results indicate that changes in behavior and feeding activity provide an effective mechanism for mosquitoes to reduce their metabolic rate, and provide insight into the possible strategies employed by aestivating individuals during the dry season. We hypothesize that female mosquitoes switch to sugar feeding while in dormancy because of elevated metabolism associated with blood digestion.
PIN-Dependent Auxin Transport: Action, Regulation, and Evolution

Auxin participates in a multitude of developmental processes, as well as responses to environmental cues. Compared with other plant hormones, auxin exhibits a unique property, as it undergoes directional, cell-to-cell transport facilitated by plasma membrane-localized transport proteins. Among them, a prominent role has been ascribed to the PIN family of auxin efflux facilitators. PIN proteins direct polar auxin transport on account of their asymmetric subcellular localizations. In this review, we provide an overview of the multiple developmental roles of PIN proteins, including the atypical endoplasmic reticulum-localized members of the family, and look at the family from an evolutionary perspective. Next, we cover the cell biological and molecular aspects of PIN function, in particular the establishment of their polar subcellular localization. Hormonal and environmental inputs into the regulation of PIN action are summarized as well.
Metrology : Measuring Query Time SABAH

It is surprisingly hard to obtain accurate and precise measurements of the time spent executing a query, as there are many sources of variance. To understand these sources, we review relevant per-process and overall measures obtainable from the Linux kernel and introduce a structural causal model relating these measures. A thorough correlational analysis provides strong support for this model. We attempted to determine why a particular measurement wasn’t repeatable, and then to devise ways to eliminate or reduce that variance. This enabled us to articulate a timing protocol that applies to proprietary DBMSes, that ensures the repeatability of a query, and that obtains a quite accurate query execution time, while dropping very few outliers. This resulting query time measurement procedure, termed the Tucson Timing Protocol Version 2 (TTPv2), consists of the following steps: (1) perform sanity checks to ensure validity of the data, (2) drop some query executions via clearly motivated predicates, (3) drop some entire queries at a cardinality, again via clearly motivated predicates, (4) for those that remain, compute a single measured time by a carefully justified formula over the underlying measures of the remaining query executions, and (5) perform post-analysis sanity checks. The result is a mature, general, robust, self-checking protocol that provides a more precise and more accurate timing of the query. The protocol is also applicable to other operating domains in which measurements of multiple processes each doing computation and I/O is needed. CCS Concepts: rInformation systems→ Database query processing; rSoftware and its engineering → Software performance;
Phenotypic expression of X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism (lubag) in two women

Lubag (X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism) has been considered a sex-linked recessive trait and has been mapped to the pericentromeric region of the X chromosome. We studied a 54-year-old man with lubag and two of his female first cousins. Genetic typing was carried out using X chromosome markers. Fluorodopa PET was performed on the man and one of the women. The man had moderately severe parkinsonism and dystonia. A 61-year-old female first cousin had mild left-sided dystonia and her 54-year-old sister had mild generalized chorea. Genetic typing data revealed that all three inherited an X chromosome with marker alleles strongly associated with lubag. Cytologic analysis did not reveal evidence of X chromosomal deletion. Fluorodopa PET in both the man and one affected cousin revealed reduced striatal uptake rate constants consistent with nigrostriatal involvement. These observations suggest that lubag may be a codominant disorder and that it is possible for women to be affected.
Eventos traumáticos en universitarios de psicología y sintomatología postraumática, de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en la actualidad

The aim of this work was to study the influence of a history of traumatic events, their type and characteristics, and personal factors on current posttraumatic symptomatology, depression, anxiety and stress among college students of Psychology. Four hundred thirty-two college students completed a questionnaire of traumatic events and scales of depression, anxiety, stress and posttraumatic symptomatology. Current symptomatology was associated with the following variables: having a history of traumatic events, having suffered maltreatment/abuse/rape or a traumatic experience that the person refuses to tell, having experienced more than one type of traumatic event or more than one event, and having perceived the worst event as highly traumatic. The last three  Correspondencia: Arturo Bados, Dpto. de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Universidad de Barcelona, Paseo Vall d’Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona (España). E-mail: abados@ub.edu 304 BADOS, GRECO Y TORIBIO were the most important variables. Non-sexual violent crimes and intentional traumatic events were not associated with increased symptomatology. Results suggest that most college students, like other people, show great resilience to traumatic events, although this ability is more easily overwhelmed given certain characteristics of the events and the person.
Pausology and Hesitation Phenomena in Second Language Acquisition

Speech by one or more interlocutors may be describe d as continuous, but a moment's reflection will reveal that it is not really continuous at all. Min imally, speakers must break off their speech to breathe. In extreme cases, their speech may become highly discontinuous, with long breaks, extraneous sounds or words, or reformulations that cause delay in message transfer. These kinds of discontinuities have been studied under the name of pausology and hesitation phenomena, (also sometimes called speech disfluencies).
Efficacy and safety of 6 % hydroxyethyl starches 130 / 0 . 4 ( Voluven ® ) for perioperative volume replacement in children undergoing cardiac surgery : a propensity-matched analysis Critical Care Sample

Efficacy and safety of 6% hydroxyethyl starches 130/0.4 (Voluven®) for perioperative volume replacement in children undergoing cardiac surgery: a propensity-matched analysis Critical Care Sample doi:10.1186/s13054-015-0830-z Philippe Van der Linden (philippe.vanderlinden@chu-brugmann.be) Melanie Dumoulin (melanie.dumoulin@ulb.ac.be) Celine Van Lerberghe (celine.van.lerberghe@ulb.ac.be) Cristel Sanchez Torres (cristel.sancheztorres@huderf.be) Ariane Willems (ariane.willems@huderf.be) David Faraoni (davidfaraoni@icloud.com) Sample
Application of Multiwavelets to Signal Compression and Denoising

This paper investigates the emerging notion of multiwavelets in the context of multirate filter banks, and applies a multiwavelet system to image coding and signal denoising. Multiwavelets are of interest because their constituent filters can be simultaneously symmetric and orthogonal (this combination is impossible for 2-band PR-QMFs), and because one can obtain higher orders of approximation (more vanishing wavelet moments) for a given filter length. We develop symmetric extension methods for finitelength signals under multiwavelet filtering. Techniques are then presented for preand post-processing one-dimensional signals in order to effectively exploit multiwavelet structures. Finally, we employ these new tools and compare their performance with Daubechies’ scalar wavelets.