Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Nature and Evolution of Classical Double Radio Sources from Complete Samples

We present a study of the trends in luminosity, linear size, spectral index, and redshift of classical double radio sources, from three complete samples selected at successively fainter low radio-frequency flux limits. We have been able to decouple the effects of the tight correlation between redshift and luminosity (inherent in any single flux-limited sample) which have hitherto hindered interpretation of the relationships between these four source properties. The major trends found are that (i) spectral indices increase with linear size, (ii) rest-frame spectral indices have a stronger dependence on luminosity than on redshift except at high (GHz) frequencies, and (iii) the linear sizes are smaller at higher redshifts. We reproduce the observed dependences in a model for radio sources (born throughout cosmic time according to a radio-source birth function) whose lobes are fed with a synchrotron-emitting population from compact hotspots, and which suffer inverse Compton, synchrotron, and adiabatic expansion losses. The magnetic energy density within each hotspot is proportional to the jet power, and synchrotron losses suffered in the hotspot mean that the energy spectrum of the emitting particles fed to the lobes is governed by the jet power. The axial ratios of radio sources in our model increase as the sources age, and axial ratios are higher in sources with higher jet power. In simulating the basic observed dependences, we find that there is no need to invoke any systematic change in the environments of these objects with redshift if the consequences of imposing a survey flux limit on our simulated data sets are properly included in the model. It is also necessary to include appropriate energy loss mechanisms (such as the effects of the cosmic microwave background and feeding the lobes from a compact hotspot), which cause decreasing luminosity through the life of a source. Although our study has broken the luminosity-redshift degeneracy, we present evidence that for such studies there is an unavoidable "youth-redshift degeneracy," even though radio sources are short-lived relative to the age of the universe; it is imperative to take this into account in studies that seemingly reveal correlations of source properties with redshift such as the "alignment effect. "
Symptoms of Bankruptcy and Prediction Models of Bankruptcy Risk

This paper makes a brief literature review on symptoms of bankruptcy and prediction models of bankruptcy risk. When it comes to bankruptcy we must start from the symptoms that lead to the financial failure of a company. Financial failure or bankruptcy of a company is an event that may cause losses to banks, suppliers, shareholders and the wider community; they are interested in predicting bankruptcy of a company and how and when it will fail. Bankruptcy is often a consequence of the inefficiency of an enterprise and the decision of stakeholders to recover investments by issuing a declaration of bankruptcy. A survey of the literature shows that most international studies in failure prediction involving MDA (Multiple Discrimination Analysis).
Verifier Theory from Axioms to Unverifiability of Mathematical Proofs, Software and AI

Despite significant developments in Proof Theory, surprisingly little attention has been devoted to the concept of proof verifier. In particular, mathematical community may be interested in studying different types of proof verifiers (people, programs, oracles, communities, superintelligences, etc.) as mathematical objects, their properties, their powers and limitations (particularly in human mathematicians), minimum and maximum complexity, as well as self-verification and self-reference issues in verifiers. We propose an initial classification system for verifiers and provide some rudimentary analysis of solved and open problems in this important domain. Our main contribution is a formal introduction of the notion of unverifiability, for which the paper could serve as a general citation in domains of theorem proving, software and AI verification.
A sub-set of chaperones and folding enzymes form multiprotein complexes in the ER to bind nascent proteins

Running title: ER chaperone organization. Abstract We demonstrate the existence of a large ER-localized multi-protein complex that is comprised of complex is associated with unassembled, incompletely folded immunoglobulin heavy chains. Except for ERdj3, and to a lesser extent PDI, this complex also forms in the absence of nascent protein synthesis and is found in a variety of cell types. Cross-linking studies reveal that the vast majority of these chaperones are included in the complex. Our data suggest that this subset of ER chaperones forms an ER network that can bind to unfolded protein substrates instead of existing as free pools that assembled onto substrate proteins. It is noticeable that most of the components of the calnexin/calreticulin system, which include some of the most abundant chaperones inside the ER, are either not detected in this complex or only very poorly represented. This study demonstrates an organization of ER chaperones and folding enzymes that has not been previously appreciated and suggests a spatial separation of the two chaperone systems that may account for the temporal interactions observed in other studies.
Are Maintenance Practices for Railroad Tracks Effective?

The Association of American Railroads wished to determine the effect of a maintenance practice known as grinding on the occurrence of rail fatigue defects and on the subsequent total traffic usage before a track must be replaced. Because a designed experiment was not practical, an analysis of historical data from the Canadian Northern Railroad is presented. In the analysis, certain covariate data are available, specifically the amount of grinding and some physical characteristics of the rail; other important covariate data are not available, however. A model for the number of defects as a function of traffic usage is developed based on a modulated Poisson point process. The model incorporates the effect of the available covariates and a mixture of Dirichlet processes set-up for the scale parameters of the individual rail sections that allows an assessment of the overall effect of the unavailable covariates. The model is then used to determine an optimal replacement period for a whole rail track. The analysis demonstrates that grinding reduces the expected number of defects and increases the optimal replacement interval.
The impacts of learning styles, learning patterns and demographic factors on learners' performance in a blended learning environment

Many studies have widely accepted the assumption that learning processes can be promoted when teaching styles and learning styles are well matched. In this study, the synergy between learning styles, learning patterns, and gender as a selected demographic feature and learners' performance were quantitatively investigated in a blended learning setting. This environment adopts a traditional teaching approach of `one-size-fits-all' without considering individual user's preferences and attitudes. Hence, evidence can be provided about the value of taking such factors into account in Adaptive Educational Hypermedia Systems (AEHSs). Felder and Soloman's Index of Learning Styles (ILS) was used to identify the learning styles of 59 undergraduate students at the University of Babylon. Five hypotheses were investigated in the experiment. Our findings show that there is no statistical significance in some of the assessed factors. However, processing dimension, the total number of hits on course website and gender indicated a statistical significance on learners' performance. This finding needs more investigation in order to identify the effective factors on students' achievement to be considered in Adaptive Educational Hypermedia Systems (AEHSs).
First Report of a Peroxiredoxin Homologue in Jellyfish: Molecular Cloning, Expression and Functional Characterization of CcPrx4 from Cyanea capillata

We first identified and characterized a novel peroxiredoxin (Prx), designated as CcPrx4, from the cDNA library of the tentacle of the jellyfish Cyanea capillata. The full-length cDNA sequence of CcPrx4 consisted of 884 nucleotides with an open reading frame encoding a mature protein of 247 amino acids. It showed a significant homology to peroxiredoxin 4 (Prx4) with the highly conserved F-motif (93FTFVCPTEI101), hydrophobic region (217VCPAGW222), 140GGLG143 and 239YF240, indicating that it should be a new member of the Prx4 family. The deduced CcPrx4 protein had a calculated molecular mass of 27.2 kDa and an estimated isoelectric point of 6.3. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that CcPrx4 mRNA could be detected in all the jellyfish tissues analyzed. CcPrx4 protein was cloned into the expression vector, pET-24a, and expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3) pLysS. Recombinant CcPrx4 protein was purified by HisTrap High Performance chelating column chromatography and analyzed for its biological function. The results showed that the purified recombinant CcPrx4 protein manifested the ability to reduce hydrogen peroxide and protect supercoiled DNA from oxidative damage, suggesting that CcPrx4 protein may play an important role in protecting jellyfish from oxidative damage.
The emergence of extracellular vesicles in urology: fertility, cancer, biomarkers and targeted pharmacotherapy

Extracellular vesicles (EV) are small membrane-bound vesicles enriched in a selective repertoire of mRNA, miRNA, proteins and cell surface receptors from parental cells and are actively involved in the transmission of inter and intracellular signals. Cancer cells produce EV that contain cargo including DNA, mRNA, miRNA and proteins that allow EV to create epigenetic changes in target cells both locally and systemically. Cancer-derived EV play critical roles in tumorigenesis, cancer cell migration, metastasis, evasion of host immune defense, chemoresistance, and they promote a premetastatic niche favourable to micrometastatic seeding. Their unique molecular profiles acquired from originator cells and their presence in numerous body fluids, including blood and urine, make them promising candidates as biomarkers for prostate, renal and bladder cancers. EV may ultimately serve as targets for therapy and as platforms for personalized medicine in urology. As urologic malignancy comprises 28% of new solid tumour diagnoses and 15% of cancer-related deaths, EV-related research is rapidly emerging and providing unique insights into disease progression. In this report, we review the current literature on EV in the setting of genitourinary fertility and malignancy.
Taichman hematopoietic stem-cell niche Blood and bone : two tissues whose fates are intertwined to create the

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Interests, ideas and institutions : explaining immigration policy change in Britain, 1997-2010

Under the Labour governments of 1997–2010, Britain’s economic immigration policy was transformed from one of the most restrictive to one of the most liberal in Europe. This development was especially puzzling given the noted path dependence of immigration policy, as well as the absence of any public demand for liberalisation. Based on over 40 elite interviews coupled with document and archival analysis, the thesis sets out to explain why economic immigration policy changed so radically in Britain between 1997 and 2010 by examining how organised interests, political parties and the institutional context influenced policy and policy change. The thesis argues that policy change was a result of a combined set of favourable conditions. The overarching change in the policy framework was also not preconceived and the repercussions were not intended. The shift in policy framing was a consequence of an accumulation of policy reforms from different departments with different agendas. However, the logic and idea behind the policy reforms were fundamentally underpinned by the Labour Party’s third way framework, in particular the Party’s business-friendly approach and its fixation with globalisation. The thesis demonstrates that immigration policymaking in Britain is an elite-driven pursuit, that the institutional context is pertinent to explaining policy change and that parties, and the ideas which configure them, shape immigration policy.
Fast Protocol Decoding in Parallel with FPGA Hardware

Current studies about decoding Fast protocol in the FPGA platform are always implemented using serial communication technique and for some certain Fast Templates. This paper presents the FPGA hardware design of accelerating the decoding process in parallel and cutting down the cost of changing Fast Templates with flexible decoders. The complete system has been simulated and tested in SystemC Platform.
Perch use by laying hens in a commercial aviary1

Non-cage housing systems, such as the aviary, are being implemented by the laying hen industry, including in North America, in an attempt to improve the welfare of hens. Perches are a resource that is consistently included in aviaries. Hens are strongly motivated to perch, and perching can improve leg bone strength. However, hens may prefer elevated perches, particularly at night, and thus simply providing perches is not enough to improve welfare; they must be provided in a way that allows all hens to access them. Observations of laying hens using perches and ledges (flat, solid metal shelves to assist hens’ movement between tiers) in a commercial aviary revealed variation in where hens roosted within the tiered aviary enclosure across the flock cycle (peak, mid and end of lay; P < 0.001 for all age points). Hens most often preferred roosting in the highest enclosure levels, leading to crowding on upper perches and ledges while perch space remained available on lower levels. Restricted access to preferable perches may cause frustration in hens, leading to welfare issues. Hens roosted more on perches at peak lay than mid and end lay (P < 0.001) but roosted less on ledges at peak lay than mid and end lay (P < 0.001). Additionally, more hens roosted on both perches and ledges in the ‘dark’ observation period compared with the number of hens roosting during the ‘light’ observation period (P < 0.001). Further research should look at all structural elements within the system that are used by hens for roosting, such as edges of tiers and upper wire floors, to evaluate how changes in perching preferences across the lay cycle may correlate with system design and bird-based parameters.
Test case generation by means of UML sequence diagrams and labeled transition systems

We present a systematic procedure of functional test case generation for feature testing of mobile phone applications. A feature is an increment of functionality, usually with a coherent purpose that is added on top of a basic system. Feature are usually developed and tested separately from the basic system as independent modules. The procedure is based on model-based testing techniques with test cases generated from UML sequence diagrams translated into labeled transition systems (LTSs). A case study is presented to illustrate the application of the procedure. The work is part of a research initiative for automation of test case generation, selection and evaluation of Motorola mobile phone applications.
Finding Important Locations: A Feature-Based Approach

We propose a novel approach to address the problem of the recognition of important locations. Our method is organised in two phases: first, a set of candidate stay points is identified by exploiting some state-of-the-art algorithms to filter the GPS-logs, then, the candidate stay points are mapped onto a feature space having as dimensions the area underlying the stay point, its intensity (the time spent in a location) and its frequency (the number of total visits). We conjecture that the features space allows to model aspects/measures that are more semantically related to users and better suited to reason about their similarities and differences than, e.g., Latitude, longitude, and timestamp. An experimental evaluation on the GeoLife public dataset confirms the effectiveness of our approach.
Tumor Growth Estimation via Registration of DCE-MRI Derived Tumor Specific Descriptors

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) provides information on changes occurring during tumor growth in the tumor micro-environment and vasculature. In the present paper, tumor voxel-wise estimates of tumor descriptors including total cell number, proliferative cell number, hypoxic cell number, necrotic cell number and oxygen level derived from DCE-MRI data are used to guide the deformable registration of subsequent time points over the tumor growth cycle, evaluating their predictive value for tumor growth. The analysis of three preclinical colon carcinoma longitudinal cases shows that using physiologically meaningful measures of tumor as guidance information can improve non-rigid registration of longitudinal tumor imaging data when compared to a stateof-the-art local correlation coefficient Demons approach. Moreover, using the determinant of the Jacobian of the estimated displacement field as an indicator of volume change allows us to observe a correlation between the tumor descriptor values and tumor growth, especially when maps of hypoxic cells and level of oxygen were used to aid registration. To the best of our knowledge, this work demonstrates for the first time the feasibility of using biologically meaningful tumor descriptors (total cell number, proliferative cell number, hypoxic cell number, necrotic cell number and oxygen level) derived from DCE-MRI to aid non-rigid registration of longitudinal tumor data as well as to estimate tumor growth.
Semantic knowledge in williams syndrome: Insights from comparing behavioural and brain processes in false memory tasks

This study attempts to understand the relationship between use of context and semantic knowledge in the genetic disorder, Williams syndrome (WS). Earlier work had arrived at discrepant results, suggesting either near normal semantic priming [10), or unusual lexical organization [5] and atypical sentence integration [8] in this clinical group. To address these discrepant findings, we used two methodologies with an auditory false memory paradigm, and measured behavioural and neurophysiological (ERP) responses from three groups: children and adults with WS, Mental-Age matched normal children, and normal adults. While the behavioural data suggested that individuals with WS revealed a similar pattern of recognition as both groups of controls for words with semantic relatedness, their neurophysiological correlates suggested a different pattern. Our findings indicate that WS proficient compensatory behaviour camouflages a deviant neural pathway in the use of contextual cues. Our results also point to neurological changes during typical development, since typically developing children showed a distinctive pattern from our adult participants. Overall, our findings suggest that semantic organization develops slowly over typical development, and atypically in the Williams syndrome.
Classification support algorithms for patient's general condition based on Artificial Neural network

The paper presents application of Artificial Neural networks (ANN) in classification system of medical data set, which can be helpful in diagnosis procedures. As a neural network, the perceptron feed forward architecture has been applied. The proposed ANN architecture contains one hidden layer. The elaborated models of ANN, computer simulations and results presented in this paper, have been made by using data sets describing cardiovascular diseases. A special computer programme was written in C-sharp language with the possibility to model and to simulate different structures of ANN. The obtained results give us possibility to evaluate automatically a health state of the patient and can be helpful in further decisions concerning medical treatment. The obtained results of our research can be also helpful in diagnosis procedures for evaluation of the probability of sudden cardiac arrest.
The jacobs robotics approach to object recognition and localization in the context of the ICRA'11 Solutions in Perception Challenge

In this paper, we give an overview of the Jacobs Robotics entry to the ICRA'11 Solutions in Perception Challenge. We present our multi-pronged strategy for object recognition and localization based on the integrated geometric and visual information available from the Kinect sensor. Firstly, the range image is over-segmented using an edge-detection algorithm and regions of interest are extracted based on a simple shape-analysis per segment. Then, these selected regions of the scene are matched with known objects using visual features and their distribution in 3D space. Finally, generated hypotheses about the positions of the objects are tested by back-projecting learned 3D models to the scene using estimated transformations and sensor model. Our method won the second place among eight competing algorithms, only marginally losing to the winner.
Functional analysis of scapular position in assymptomatic professors.

UNLABELLED The impaired performance of the muscles of the scapular region may result in injuries, fatigue, weakness and pain. The main objective of this research was to analyze the scapular positioning during the abduction of the shoulder movement in the frontal, scapular and sagittal plans. METHOD This cross-sectional study comprised a convenience sample of 20 individuals. It was used the disability of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire (DASH Brazil), the digital inclinometer was used for measuring the scapular positioning. Having the purpose of regulating and ensuring the correct positioning of the upper limbs Assessed in the plans, it was developed the bulkhead which was used while the examination was performed. RESULTS The population study was asymptomatic. No significant difference was found for the right shoulder during the concentric and eccentric contraction at all angles of scapular inclination on the three analyzed plans. Significant difference was found in the left shoulder during the concentric contraction in the scapular angle at 90° and in the eccentric contraction at the scapular angles of 30°, 60° and 90° of inclination in the frontal plan compared to men and women. Furthermore, it was found a decreasing left shoulder in the scapular angle during the eccentric contraction above 90° in the scapular and sagittal plans when compared to men and women. CONCLUSION we concluded that in the three plans studied, the scapula behaved differently various angles in the measured and yet it was influenced by the direction of motion. Moreover, it is possible to say that showed that this study there is a difference in the rotational behavior of the scapula relating to women and men due to the anthropometric existed differences between them.