Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perioperative Management of a Child with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Undergoing Cryptorchidism Surgery

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a complex congenital heart condition which includes abnormal development of left sided cardiac structures leading to inadequate systemic perfusion following postnatal closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Surgical palliation may be accomplished through a 3 staged process -Norwood procedure. This surgery is usually done within the first two weeks of your child's life -Bidirectional Glenn procedure. This procedure is generally the second surgery. It's done when your child is between 3 and 6 months of age. -Fontan procedure. This surgery is usually done when your child is between 18 months and 4 years of age. Patients with HLHS may need to undergo other non-cardiac surgical procedures during the first years of life posing a real challenge to the anesthesiologist, surgeon and the entire medical team. We present the case of a 18-months old, 9 kg infant who presented for cryptorchidism surgery. Cryptorchidism or undescended testis (UDT) is one of the most common pediatric disorders of the male endocrine glands and the most common genital disorder identified at birth. The main reasons for treatment of cryptorchidism include increased risks of impairment of fertility potential, testicular malignancy, torsion and/or associated inguinal hernia. The intraoperative implications of the hybrid anatomy are discussed, options for anesthetic care presented, and previous reports of anesthetic care for such patients reviewed. Conclusion: LMA combined with local anesthesia was effective to maintaining optimal cardiac function of this child patient with HLHS In summary, children with palliated HLHS have anesthetic considerations that must be followed in order to reduce perioperative morbidity and mortality in this high-risk pathology.
Mathematical model evaluating for degradation of azo dye in contaminated water by UV/persulfate process

In the present study, the photooxidative degradation of Acid Red 14 (AR 14) was investigated in the UV/persulfate process, and the results of the degradation rate of AR 14 were parametrically represented by ordinary differential equations to find mathematical model for the degradation rate of AR 14 in this process. Our experimental observations led to a model for AR 14 degradation in the UV/persulfate system that could be used to predict removal efficiency by changes of S2O82− (X1) and dye concentration (X2), pH (X3), temperature (X4) and also distance of UV lamp from solution (X5). It was found that persulfate and dye concentrations were the most important parameters for AR 14 degradation rate. Moreover, the results showed that the degradation rate was in good agreement with the first‐order kinetics for all the parameter values studied. Moreover, the results of the mathematical model agree well with the experimental values (R2 = 0.96). Our findings in this study showed that degradation efficiency of UV/S2O82− process for AR 14 was obtained as 98%. Therefore, this model could be applicable before scaling up the AR 14 degradation using UV/persulfate process.
Theoretical and Computational Aspects of Turbulence

Abstract : The computation of turbulent flows necessitate a better understanding of turbulence and the development of algorithms and computational tools which are well adapted to the handling of large numbers of data. Turbulent flows are due to the superposition of a range of small and large eddies which interact and the study of their interaction is an important part of understanding turbulence. An inertial manifold is an exact (quasi-static) interaction law between small and large eddies. In relation with the concept of approximate inertial manifolds (AIM), Foias-Manley-Temam have shown the existence of a simple finite- dimensional manifold lying close to the attractor. By projecting the Navier- Stokes equations on this manifold we obtain a new numerical algorithm called the Nonlinear Galerkin Method. This algorithm is well-adapted to the large time solution of the Navier-Stokes equations and this has been broadly confirmed by the numerical tests which has been performed during this contract. After further tests and studies, this algorithm will soon be available for industrial implementations. (jhd)
A gradient‐enhanced continuum damage model for fibre‐reinforced materials at finite strains

The assumption of purely local continuum damage formulations may imply a loss of well‐posedness of the underlying boundary value problem. With regard to numerical methods such as the finite element method, this may lead to mesh‐dependent solutions, a vanishing localised damage zone upon mesh refinement, and hence physically questionable results. In order to circumvent these deficiencies, i.e. to regularise the problem, we, in this contribution, apply a non‐local gradient‐based damage formulation within a geometrically non‐linear setting allowing for large deformations. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Relationships Between School Enjoyment, Social Integration, and Achievement at the Beginning of Primary School: Does Family Background Matter?

At the beginning of primary school, young children need to adapt academically, socially, and emotionally to their new school environment. Enjoying going to school and becoming socially integrated are important preconditions for successful learning. However, children from disadvantaged families have fewer resources and receive less support, and such deficits can result in lower attainment, negative emotions, and lower well-being. In recent years, interest in emotions and well-being in school has grown in educational research. However, studies analyzing the affective characteristics of disadvantaged students, especially in primary school, are still scarce. In this study, we analyzed reciprocal relationships between school enjoyment, social integration, and achievement using cross-lagged structural equation modeling (Grades 1 and 2), while controlling for family background and sex. We used data from the National Educational Panel Study in Germany (NEPS; N = 4,986). Results showed positive effects of school enjoyment on achievement and social integration on school enjoyment. Additionally, a better home learning environment had positive effects on school enjoyment and social integration in Grade 1. Effects of socioeconomic and migration background on school enjoyment and social integration were not significant. Our results show no evidence that educationally disadvantaged students are additionally disadvantaged in their school enjoyment or social integration at the beginning of primary school.
One Step Forward with Dry Surface Biofilm (DSB) of Staphylococcus aureus: TMT-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Proteomic Shifts between DSB and Hydrated Biofilm

The Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for serious acute and chronic infections worldwide and is well-known for its biofilm formation ability. Recent findings of biofilms on dry hospital surfaces emphasise the failures in current cleaning practices and disinfection and the difficulty in removing these dry surface biofilms (DSBs). Many aspects of the formation of complex DSB biology on environmental surfaces in healthcare settings remains limited. In the present study, we aimed to determine how the protein component varied between DSBs and traditional hydrated biofilm. To do this, biofilms were grown in tryptic soy broth (TSB) on removable polycarbonate coupons in the CDC biofilm reactor over 12 days. Hydrated biofilm (50% TSB for 48 h, the media was then changed every 48 h with 20% TSB, at 37 °C with 130 rpm). DSB biofilm was produced in 5% TSB for 48 h at 35 °C followed by extended periods of dehydration (48, 66, 42 and 66 h at room temperature) interspersed with 6 h of 5% TSB at 35 °C. Then, we constructed a comprehensive reference map of 12-day DSB and 12-day hydrated biofilm associated proteins of S. aureus using a high-throughput tandem mass tag (TMT)-based mass spectrometry. Further pathway analysis of significantly differentially expressed identified proteins revealed that proteins significantly upregulated in 12-day DSB include PTS glucose transporter subunit IIBC (PtaA), UDP-N-acetylmuramate-L-alanine ligase (MurC) and UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine (MurB) compared to 12-day hydrated biofilm. These three proteins are all linked with peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway and are responsible for cell-wall formation and thicker EPS matrix deposition. Increased cell-wall formation may contribute to the persistence of DSB on dry surfaces. In contrast, proteins associated with energy metabolisms such as phosphoribosyl transferase (PyrR), glucosamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GlmS), galactose-6-phosphate isomerase (LacA), and argininosuccinate synthase (ArgG) were significantly upregulated whereas ribosomal and ABC transporters were significantly downregulated in the 12-day hydrated biofilm compared to DSB. However, validation by qPCR analysis showed that the levels of gene expression identified were only partially in line with our TMT-MS quantitation analysis. For the first time, a TMT-based proteomics study with DSB has shed novel insights and provided a basis for the identification and study of significant pathways vital for biofilm biology in this reference microorganism.
Using Z - specification, refinement, and proof

* Introduction. * Propositional Logic. * Predicate Logic. * Equality and Definite Description. * Sets. * Definitions. * Relations. * Functions. * Sequences. * Free Types. * Schemas Schema Operators. * Promotion, Preconditons. * Data Refinement. * Relaxing and Unwinding Data Refinement and Z. * Applications of Data Refinement. * The Refinement Calculus. * A File System. * A Telecommunications Protocol. * An Operating System Scheduler: A Bounded Buffer Module. * An Unordered Set Module. * A Save Area. * Solutions to Exercises. * Appendices. * Bibliography. * Index.
Quantum A-infinity Structures for Open-Closed Topological Strings

We study factorizations of topological string amplitudes on higher genus Riemann surfaces with multiple boundary components and find quantum A-infinity relations, which are the higher genus analog of the (classical) A-infinity relations on the disk. For topological strings with $\hat c=3$ the quantum A-infinity relations are trivially satisfied on a single D-brane, whereas in a multiple D-brane configuration they may be used to compute open higher genus amplitudes recursively from disk amplitudes. This can be helpful in open Gromov--Witten theory in order to determine open string higher genus instanton corrections. Finally, we find that the quantum A-infinity structure cannot quite be recast into a quantum master equation on the open string moduli space.
Genetic Dissection of Drought Tolerance of Elite Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes Using Genome Wide Association Study in Morocco

Drought is one of the most important yield-limiting factors in Morocco. Identification and deployment of drought-tolerant wheat varieties are important to cope with the challenge of terminal moisture stress and increase wheat productivity. A panel composed of 200 elite spring bread wheat genotypes was phenotyped for yield and agronomic traits for 2 years (2020 and 2021) in Morocco under rainfed and irrigated environments. The panel was genotyped using 20K SNPs and, after filtration, a total of 15,735 SNP markers were used for a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a mixed linear model (MLM) to identify marker-trait associations (MTA) and putative genes associated with grain yield and yield-related traits under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Significant differences were observed among the elite genotypes for grain yield and yield-related traits. Grain yield performance ranged from 0.97 to 6.16 t/ha under rainfed conditions at Sidi Al-Aidi station and from 3.31 to 9.38 t/h under irrigated conditions at Sidi Al-Aidi station, while Grain yield at Merchouch station ranged from 2.32 to 6.16 t/h under rainfed condition. A total of 159 MTAs (p < 0.001) and 46 genes were discovered, with 67 MTAs recorded under rainfed conditions and 37 MTAs recorded under irrigated conditions at the Sidi Al-Aidi station, while 55 MTAs were recorded under rainfed conditions at Merchouch station. The marker ‘BobWhite_c2988_493’ on chromosome 2B was significantly correlated with grain yield under rainfed conditions. Under irrigated conditions, the marker ‘AX-94653560’ on chromosome 2D was significantly correlated with grain yield at Sidi Al-Aidi station. The maker ‘RAC875_c17918_321’ located on chromosome 4A, associated with grain yield was linked with the gene TraesCS4A02G322700, which encodes for F-box domain-containing protein. The markers and candidate genes discovered in this study should be further validated for their potential use in marker-assisted selection to generate high-yielding wheat genotypes with drought tolerance.
Akhania, a new genus for Salsoladaghestanica, Caroxyloncanescens and C.carpathum (Salsoloideae, Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthaceae)

﻿Abstract Genus Salsola s.l. was recently split into several genera of different phylogenetic placements within Salsoloideae, but both taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of some parts of the former broadly defined Salsola still need to be clarified. A remarkable example is Salsolacanescens nom. illegit. ≡ Salsolaboissieri, a taxon with tricky taxonomic history that was only recently transferred to the genus Caroxylon (tribe Caroxyleae). Salsoladaghestanica, a narrow endemic of Central Dagestan (Russian Federation), was not even included in previous molecular studies of Salsoloideae and therefore still lacks an appropriate estimation of its relationships. Molecular phylogeny constructed here using nuclear and plastid DNA sequence data clearly placed Salsoladaghestanica and Caroxyloncarpathum as sister taxa and the clade S.daghestanica, Caroxyloncanescens (Salsolaboissieri), C.carpathum (Salsolacarpatha) as a sister of the monophyletic Caroxylon. All three species are distinct from Caroxylon from a morphological standpoint. In conclusion, a new genus, Akhania, was established for these taxa. The detailed distribution of Akhaniadaghestanica is presented for the first time.
MMP-1, UCH-L1, and 20S Proteasome as Potential Biomarkers Supporting the Diagnosis of Brain Glioma

The diagnosis of brain gliomas is mainly based on imaging methods. The gold standard in this area is MRI. Recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of gliomas are periodically modified and updated. One of the diagnostic techniques used when a brain glioma is suspected is liquid biopsy. However, this technique requires further development to confirm its effectiveness. This paper presents a proposal of three potential biomarkers of brain gliomas—extracellular matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), and the 20S proteasome—which were quantified in blood plasma using SPRi biosensors. A statistical analysis of the results indicated no significant changes in the concentrations between the control group (K) and grades G1 and G2, and similarly between grades G3 and G4. However, the differences in the concentrations between the groups K/G1/G2 and G3/G4 were statistically significant. A positive average correlation was found between the concentrations of the proteins and the patient’s age. The individual tested proteins were also highly correlated with each other. Our work proposes a new diagnostic technique that may aid in the diagnosis of brain gliomas.
Line laser stripe center extraction method based on channel separation

Extracting the stripe center during the measurement process can significantly improve the measurement accuracy, and the optical stripe center extraction algorithm is an important factor determining the accuracy of the optical stripe contour location and extraction speed. For the traditional optical stripe center extraction method, because the ambient light conditions will affect the stripe center extraction under certain circumstances, the stripe center extraction often cannot accurately obtain the centerline, and to a certain extent, the extraction time of each algorithm is increased. In this paper, a line laser stripe center extraction method based on channel separation is proposed. The measured area is separated from the background area by the image segmentation algorithm, the Hessian matrix is obtained for each part of the measured area, and its normal direction is determined to obtain the sub-pixel stripe center, which can effectively avoid the problems of high light and certain brightness of the object, improve stripe center extraction speed and reduce stripe center noise.
Modeling the Gradual RESET of Phase Change Memory With Confined Geometry

This work develops a model of the temperature and resistance for the RESET of confined phase change memory (PCM). The confined PCM, unlike the mushroom type, has heating inside the cell and higher resistance sensitivity to active region size. The ideal temperature profile is derived from a steady-state heat conduction formulation based on a quasi-3D approach. A thermal subcircuit is then proposed to implement the heating module, considering the thermoelectric effect (TEE) and temperature dependence of phase change materials, to obtain the active region size. The resistance of the irregular active region is then calculated using an integral method. Calibrated TCAD simulations and experimental data are used to verify the model with desired scalability and accuracy.
Experimental investigation of applying segmented scoop stretcher (S3) for full-body immobilization of the injured patient

The work presents an experimental investigation of a novel segmented scoop stretcher (S3) to examine full-body immobilization during patient transfer. The designed stretcher aids to provide head, vertebral column, and pelvis immobilization during segmented scooping of corresponding body parts. Scooping experiments on nine participants were performed on fabricated S3 and one of the commercially available scoop stretcher (CSS) to compare the mean range of motion (ROM) of various body parts employing full body scissor and segmented scissor techniques. The angular motion along the spinous process and the nasion (forehead) were recorded through motion sensors (six-dimensional electromagnetic tracking system) placed at various anatomical positions while scooping. Experimental results showed a significant reduction in movement of corresponding body parts in scooping with S3 as compared to existing CSS. A higher immobilization of approximately 2º–5º in the sagittal, lateral, and axial planes were observed while applying S3 as compared to CSS (p < 0.002). Achieving improvement in immobilization of the injured patient with S3 can reduce the risk of further injury during pre-hospital care.
Altered Circulating Follicular T Helper Cell Subsets and Follicular T Regulatory Cells Are Indicators of a Derailed B Cell Response in Lupus, Which Could Be Modified by Targeting IL-21R

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by the breakdown of self-tolerance, the production of high-affinity pathogenic autoantibodies and derailed B cell responses, which indicates the importance of central players, such as follicular T helper (TFH) subsets and follicular T regulatory (TFR) cells, in the pathomechanism of the disease. In this study, we aimed to analyze the distribution of the circulating counterparts of these cells and their association with disease characteristics and B cell disproportions in SLE. We found that the increased percentage of activated circulating TFH (cTFH) and cTFR cells was more pronounced in cutaneous lupus; however, among cTFH subsets, the frequency of cTFH17 cells was decreased in patients with lupus nephritis. Furthermore, the decreased proportion of cTFH17 cells was associated with low complement C4 levels and high disease activity scores. We also investigated whether the blocking of the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) with an anti-IL-21R monoclonal antibody inhibits the B cell response, since IL-21 primarily produced by TFH cells potentially promotes humoral immunity. We observed that anti-IL-21R inhibited plasmablast generation and immunoglobulin production. Our study demonstrated that, besides cTFR/cTFH imbalance, cTFH17 cells play a crucial role in SLE pathogenesis, and modulating cTFH-B cell interaction through the IL-21/IL-21R pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy to suppress the pathological B cell response.
Discovery of high-velocity EHB stars in the globular cluster ω Centauri (NGC 5139)

We report the discovery of 45 high-velocity extreme horizontal branch (EHB) stars in the globular cluster Omega Centauri (NGC 5139). The tangential velocities of these EHB stars are determined to be in the range 93∼313 km s−1, with an average uncertainty of ∼27 km s−1. The central escape velocity of the cluster is determined to be in the range 60∼105 km s−1. These EHB stars are significantly more concentrated toward the cluster core compared with other cluster members. The formation mechanisms of these EHB stars are discussed. Our conclusions can be summarized as follows: (1) A comparison of the tangential velocities of these EHB stars to the central escape velocity of the cluster shows that most if not all of these EHB stars are unbound to the cluster; (2) These EHB stars obtained high velocities in the central cluster region no longer than ∼1 Myr ago and may be subsequently ejected from the cluster in the next ∼1 Myr; (3) If the progenitors of these EHB stars were single stars, then they may have experienced a fast mass-loss process. If the progenitors were in close binaries, then they may have formed through disruptions by the intermediate-mass black hole in the cluster center.
Analysis of Conversational Implicatures in Camus' The Misunderstanding: A Pragmatic Exploration

Implicatures perform an important role in creating humour or imparting different shades of meaning to a message. Similarly, flouting has become one of the common features in our daily communication. The focus of this paper is to study the cooperative principles in Camus' French play, The Misunderstanding (1943). This is a qualitative research. For this purpose, the data has been collected through the purposive sampling technique. In this study, the framework of Grice (1975) has been adopted, in which he described four maxims that should be obeyed by a speaker while making a conversation. The present study explores that in what ways the Gricean maxims have been flouted by the characters of the play. Findings reveal that there are 24 implicatures found in 16 utterances. Out of these 24 implicatures, the maxim of quantity has been flouted more than the others as it appears with the ratio of 9/24. Then comes the maxim of manner with the ratio of 8/24. The maxim of a relation comes on the third rank with the ratio of 6/24 and in the last comes the maxim of quality with the lowest ratio of 1/24. This study can be further expanded to find out the scalar implicatures and speech acts in the selected play.
Magnetic Reduction of Regular Controlled Hamiltonian System with Symmetry of the Heisenberg Group

In this paper, we study the regular point reduction of a regular controlled Hamiltonian system with magnetic symplectic form and the symmetry of the Heisenberg group. We give the reduced regular controlled Hamiltonian system on the generalization of coadjoint orbit of the Heisenberg group by calculation in detail, and discuss the magnetic reducible controlled Hamiltonian (MRCH) equivalence. As an application, we consider the motion of the Heisenberg particle in a magnetic field.