Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
School-Based Family-Oriented Health Interventions to Promote Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Objective This study aimed to systematically review and analyse intervention programs in a school context centred on the family, focused on increasing youths' physical activity. Data source The research was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Study inclusion criteria Studies were included if participants were children or adolescents, focusing on school-based intervention studies with parental involvement and physical activity, sedentary behaviour or physical fitness outcomes. Data extraction The search was performed according to the PRISMA protocol. A total of 416 articles were identified. After being considered for eligibility and duplicates, 22 studies were identified as relevant for inclusion. Data synthesis Sample and intervention characteristics, objective, the role of the family, outcomes measures, main findings regarding the outcomes and risk of bias. Results Ten studies reported improvements in physical activity, 6 in sedentary behaviour and 9 in the components of physical fitness and/or skills related to healthy behaviours and lifestyles. Most of the interventions adopted a multidisciplinary and multi-component approach. Conclusions Most interventions employed a school’s multidisciplinary/multi-component approach to promoting physical activity, nutrition, and general education for healthier lifestyle behaviours. The impact of school-based interventions involving families on youth’s physical activity levels is still a relatively emerging theme. Further research is needed given the diversity of the intervention’s characteristics and the disparity in the results’ efficacy.
Quality improvement project to improve the standardisation and efficiency of occupational therapy initial contact and assessment within a mental health inpatient service

Timely contact and assessment between occupational therapists (OTs) and patients are vital to understanding their needs and creating person-centred interventions. Any delays in completing contact and assessment will likely impact patients’ experience and outcomes. The aim of this study was to ensure that 90% of all patients in a male and female ward received OT initial contact within two working days of admission by the end of June 2020. With the teams working in collaboration, the first change idea of increasing the initial contact in two working days was introduced and the impact assessed on two of the five wards. The Plan–Do–Study–Act cycles used for this test of change included: Standardising the initial contact, informal training for the audit tool created to measure the admission process, increasing efficiency for documenting OT contact, updated exclusion/inclusion criteria for OT initial contact, refining documentation for contact and assessment, and the impact of COVID-19 on initial contact and admission processes. Our test of change resulted in an increase in the average initial contact from 12.5% to 71.24%. Following this success, we spread the project to the three remaining wards. Feedback from OTs using the tools we introduced ensured that we made tools as user-friendly as possible. Likewise, teams who achieved particularly high compliance noted the importance of dedicating time to conduct initial contact. Our team embarked on a quality improvement project that aimed to set a standard and increase compliance for achieving this standard. Alongside this, we developed an appropriate and pragmatic measure to track our progress. While we did not achieve 90%, we observed substantial improvements made across the participating service. Using the findings from the project, we have spread this approach to other wards and believe that it could easily be transferrable as a discreet package to other mental health settings.
Neurocognition and Depressive Symptoms have Unique Pathways to Predicting Different Domains of Functioning in Major Depressive Disorder

Background Research has established the independent relationships between depressive symptoms to cognition and functioning in depression; however, little is known about the role of mediators in this relationship. We explored the role of neurocognitive abilities, depressive symptom severity, dysfunctional attitudes, and functional capacity in predicting two dimensions of daily functioning in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods One hundred and twenty-four participants (mean age = 46.26, SD = 12.27; 56% female) with a diagnosis of MDD were assessed on a standard neurocognitive battery, self-reported depressive symptoms, dysfunctional attitudes, and clinician-rated functional impairment. They completed a performance-based assessment of functional competence. Results Confirmatory path analyses were used to model the independent and mediated effects of variables on two domains of functioning: social (relationships and social engagement) and productive (household and community activities). Cognition and depressive symptoms both predicted productive functioning, and dysfunctional attitudes mediated each of these relationships. Functional competence was a significant mediator in the relationship between neurocognition and productive functioning. Depressive symptoms and cognition were direct predictors of social functioning with no significant mediators. Conclusions There are divergent pathways to different dimensions of daily functioning in MDD. Measurement implications include the consideration of multiple levels of predicting productive activities and more direct relationships with social outcomes. Treatments that directly target depressive symptoms and cognition might not generalize to improvements in everyday functioning if additional pathways to functioning are not addressed.
Twisting Rolls. An Heuristic Model and 3D Numerical Simulations of Vortex Patterns

We connect an appropriate feedback loop to a model of 2D vertical eddy of airflow which unfolds a wide range of vorticity behavior. Computational fluid dynamics of the twisted roll display a class of long lifespan 3D vortices. On the one hand, the infinitely stable columnar vortex simulated describes waterspouts and tornadoes with extended lifetime. On the other hand, a light modification of the retroaction exhibits strong similarities to tropical cyclones. Moreover, we investigate the outcome of the twisting process vertically shifted. This modelisation leads to the simulation of simultaneous vortices associated to this other class of 3D vortices with short lifespan. Our heuristic dynamical systems lay the foundations of a comprehensive modelisation of vortices since it joins theory and numerical simulations.
Variability of Time- and Frequency-Domain Surface Electromyographic Measures in Non-Fatigued Shoulder Muscles

OCCUPATIONAL APPLICATIONS Localized Muscle Fatigue (LMF) can be monitored or predicted based on the relative change in the values of surface electromyography (sEMG) measures with respect to the “fresh” or no-fatigue condition. Quantification of LMF based on relative change, though, relies on the assumption that the sEMG measures recorded in a no-fatigue condition can serve as an appropriate reference. Results of this study indicate that sEMG measures in a no-fatigue condition are affected by various work-related factors and provide further guidance on the variability of commonly used time- and frequency-domain sEMG measures to assist the ergonomist in improving the accuracy of LMF assessment. TECHNICAL ABSTRACT Background: Surface electromyography (sEMG) is widely used to monitor or predict localized muscle fatigue (LMF). sEMG signals are often analyzed in time and frequency domains – Root Mean Square (RMS), Mean Absolute Values (MAV), and Zero Crossings (ZC) are common time-domain measures; Mean Power Frequency (MnPF), Median Power Frequency (MdPF) and Power Frequency Bands (PFB) are the common frequency-domain measures. LMF prediction is based on the relative change in the values of these measures with respect to “fresh” or no-fatigue conditions. To our knowledge, the assumption that the sEMG measures do not change/vary under no-fatigue conditions due to factors other than LMF has not been thoroughly tested. Purpose: The goal of this study was to quantify the variability of sEMG measures in non-fatigued shoulder muscles and the implication of this variability for assessing LMF. Methods: Twelve participants performed 120 occupationally-relevant static tasks under various conditions of joint angles, anatomical planes, force levels, and force directions. sEMG data were recorded from seven shoulder muscles – supraspinatus, infraspinatus, middle deltoid, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid, biceps, and triceps. Results: For these shoulder muscles, the variability of RMS, MAV, ZC, MnPF, MdPF, and PFB ranged from 7.9 to 11.1%, 7.1 to 10.1%, 10.2 to 11.0%, 8.6 to 11.4%, 8.7 to 12.2%, and 5.3 to 7.9%, respectively. Conclusions: Both time- and frequency-domain sEMG measures vary due to various work-related factors under no-fatigue conditions. Therefore, it is critical to consider the variability ranges of sEMG measures while monitoring or predicting LMF due to sustained exposure to work-related factors.
Effect of Rabeprazole and Rebamipide in the Treatment of Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Associated with Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

To investigate the therapeutic effect of rabeprazole and rebamipide on patient age over 60 with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT)–related upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 360 patients age over 60 undergoing PCI were recruited for antiplatelet therapy involving a combined treatment of aspirin (100 mg/d) and clopidogrel (75 mg/d). The enrolled patients were divided into 4 groups: the control group, the rabeprazole group, the rebamipide group, and the rabeprazole + rebamipide group. The incidence and severity of any upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were observed 6 months after the operation. The incidence of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the 4 groups was 11.1%, 3.3%, 8.9%, and 1.1%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). On comparing the groups, the differences between the control group and the rabeprazole group, those between the control group and the rabeprazole + rebamipide group, and those between the rebamipide group and the rabeprazole + rebamipide group were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). The severity of the upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the rabeprazole group and the rabeprazole + rebamipide group was significantly lower than that in the control group. The 4 groups exhibited no significant differences in the incidence of MACEs (P > 0.05). For patients age over 60 receiving DAPT following PCI in our study population, treatment with rabeprazole or a combination of rabeprazole and rebamipide could reduce the risk of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, as well as reduce its severity.
EBF1 is continuously required for stabilizing local chromatin accessibility in pro-B cells

Significance EBF1 is a key determinant of a transcriptional regulatory network involved in establishing the B cell fate by activating lineage-specific gene expression and repressing genes associated with alternative cell fates. In this regulatory network, EBF1 acts as a pioneer TF that is able to bind naïve progenitor chromatin and establish local chromatin accessibility by recruiting BRG1. Here, we show that the dTAG-induced degradation of EBF1 in pro-B cells results in a rapid loss of BRG1 recruitment and chromatin accessibility at EBF1-binding sites, accompanied by altered target gene expression. Thus, the continuous activity of EBF1 is required to stabilize and maintain the B lineage gene expression program.
In vitro characterization of the intramelanosomal domain of human recombinant TYRP1 and its oculocutaneous albinism type 3‐related mutant variants

Tyrosinase related protein 1 (TYRP1) is the most abundant melanosomal protein of the melanocyte, where plays an important role in the synthesis of eumelanin, possibly catalyzing the oxidation of 5,6‐dihydroxyindole‐2‐carboxylic acid to 5,6‐quinone‐2‐carboxylic acid. Mutations to the TYRP1 gene can result in oculocutaneous albinism type 3 (OCA3), a rare disease characterized by reduced synthesis of melanin in skin, hair, and eyes. To investigate the effect of genetic mutations on the TYRP1 structure, function, and stability, we engineered the intramelanosomal domain of TYRP1 and its mutant variants mimicking either OCA3‐related changes, C30R, H215Y, D308N, and R326H or R87G mutant variant, analogous to OCA1‐related pathogenic effect in tyrosinase. Proteins were produced in Trichoplusia Ni larvae, then purified, and analyzed by biochemical methods. Data shows that D308N and R326H mutants keep the native conformations and demonstrate no change in their stability and enzymatic activity. In contrast, mutations C30R and R87G localized in the Cys‐rich domain show the variants misfolding during the purification process. The H215Y variant disrupts the binding of Zn2+ in the active site and thus reduces the strength of the enzyme/substrate interactions. Our results, consistent with the clinical and in silico studies, show that mutations at the protein surface are expected to have a negligible phenotype change compared to that of TYRP1. For the mutations with severe phenotype changes, which were localized in the Cys‐rich domain or the active site, we confirmed a complete or partial protein misfolding as the possible mechanism of protein malfunction caused by OCA3 inherited mutations.
Inhibition of mitochondrial complex III or dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) triggers formation of poly(A)+ RNA foci adjacent to nuclear speckles following activation of ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated)

ABSTRACT Intracellular and intercellular signalling networks play an essential role in optimizing cellular homoeostasis and are thought to be partly reflected in nuclear mRNA dynamics. However, the regulation of nuclear mRNA dynamics by intracellular and intercellular signals remains largely unexplored, and research tools are lacking. Through an original screening based on the mRNA metabolic mechanism, we discovered that eight well-known inhibitors cause significant nuclear poly(A)+ RNA accumulation. Among these inhibitors, we discovered a new mRNA metabolic response in which the addition of antimycin A, an inhibitor of mitochondrial respiratory-chain complex III (complex III), resulted in a marked accumulation of poly(A)+ RNA near the nuclear speckles. Furthermore, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitors, a rate-limiting enzyme in the intracellular de novo pyrimidine synthesis reaction that specifically exchanges electrons with complex III, also caused a remarkable accumulation of nuclear poly(A)+ RNA adjacent to the nuclear speckles, which was abolished by extracellular uridine supply, indicating that the depletion of intracellular pyrimidine affects poly(A)+ RNA metabolism. Further analysis revealed that ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a serine and threonine kinase and a master regulator of DNA double-strand break (DSB) and nucleolar stress, is required for this poly(A)+ RNA nuclear accumulation phenomenon. This study reports new insights into novel aspects of nuclear poly(A)+ RNA metabolism, especially the relationship between mitochondrial respiratory-chain functions, pyrimidine metabolism, and nuclear RNA metabolism.
Inverse spin switch effects in ferromagnet-superconductor-ferromagnet trilayers with strong ferromagnets

In ferromagnet-superconductor-ferromagnet $(F∕S∕F)$ trilayers where the magnetization directions of the $F$ layers can be controlled separately, it has theoretically been predicted that the antiparallel (AP) configuration can have a higher superconducting transition temperature ${T}_{c}$ than the parallel $(P)$ configuration. This is the so-called spin switch, which has been found experimentally for the case of weak ferromagnets. Here we show that strong ferromagnets yield the opposite effect. We study the transport properties of $F∕S∕F$ trilayers with $F={\mathrm{Ni}}_{0.80}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{0.20}$ (Permalloy, Py) and $S=\mathrm{Nb}$, structured in strips of different sizes. Using two different thicknesses for the Py layers, we can switch, in a well-defined way, between the AP and $P$ configurations. In the superconducting transition we find a clear increase of the resistance in the AP state. We ascribe this to enhanced reflection of spin-polarized quasiparticles at the $S∕F$ interfaces, which leads to a stronger suppression of superconductivity on the $S$ side.
Diagnostic accuracy of linked colour imaging versus white light imaging for early gastric cancers: a prospective, multicentre, randomized controlled trial study

Abstract Background Linked colour imaging (LCI) is a novel new image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) technology that produces bright and vivid images. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of LCI to improve the diagnostic accuracy of early gastric cancer (EGC) relative to white light imaging (WLI). Materials and methods We performed this study on patients undergoing screening endoscopy from 12 medical institutions in China. Patients were randomly assigned to receive WLI followed by LCI or LCI followed by WLI. The primary outcome was to compared the diagnostic accuracy between LCI and WLI for EGC/high-grade intraepithelial neoplasms. Secondary outcomes included the numbers of suspicious lesions, neoplastic lesions and examination time by using LCI detected versus using WLI. Results A total of 1924 patients were randomly selected, and 1828 were included in the analysis. The diagnostic accuracy for EGC, which was 78.8% by using LCI and 68.4% by using WLI (p < .0001). More suspicious lesions were detected by LCI than by WLI (n = 1235 vs. 1036, p = .031), especially among differentiated EGC (p = .013). LCI greatly shortened the examination time compared with WLI (p = .019). Conclusions LCI has better accuracy and shorter examination time in diagnosing EGC than WLI (Clinical trial registration: NCT03092414). Key messages Compared with white light imaging (WLI), the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity increased by using LCI. More lesions were detected by LCI alone than by WLI alone, especially among differentiated EGC. LCI may be used as a screening tool for routine clinical observation.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: The Role of Insulin Resistance and Associated Genetic Variants

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance is an important cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF), also in subjects with T1D, but the influence of the genetic predisposition of insulin resistance on cardiovascular risk is still unknown in T1D. We aimed to determine whether a genetic score composed of six variants, previously associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, associates with insulin sensitivity and known CVRFs in children and adolescents with T1D. Materials and Methods: 330 children and adolescents (174 males; mean age 15.7 ± 3.5 years) with T1D were genotyped for the following genetic variants: rs1801278 (IRS1), rs1044498 (ENPP1), rs2295490 (TRIB3), rs1801282 (PPARG), rs780094 (GCKR), and rs35767 (IGF1). An additive genetic risk score (GRS) and cardiovascular risk score (CVRS) were calculated. Anthropometric, glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, and biochemical parameters were assessed. Multivariate regression between evaluated phenotypes and GRS was performed. Results: We found a significant association between the GRS and estimated insulin sensitivity (β = −0.027 [−0.040 to −0.013], R2 = 0.86, p≤ 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.68 [0.08–1.27], R2 = 0.20, p = 0.026), triglycerides (β = 4.26 [1.74–6.77], R2 = 0.13, p = 0.001), waist to height ratio (β = 0.003 [0.001–0.006], R2 = 0.75, p = 0.010), non-HDL-cholesterol (β = 3.63 [1.39–5.87], R2 = 0.12, p = 0.002), and CVRS (β = 0.063 [0.008–0.118], R2 = 0.19, p = 0.025), independent of age, sex, BMI, pubertal stage, diabetes duration, glycated hemoglobin, type of treatment, and total insulin requirement. The addition of the GRS to established clinical risk factors significantly improved the discriminatory capability of the regression model for predicting subjects with more CVRFs (C-statistic 0.89 [95% CI: 0.84–0.95] versus 0.83 (0.73–0.93); p = 0.037). Conclusions: Insulin resistance and T2D risk-associated genetic variants influence insulin sensitivity and known CVRFs in children and adolescents with T1D.
ConVarT: Search Engine for Missense Variants Between Humans and Other Organisms

ConVarT (https://convart.org/) is a search engine for searching for conjugate variants between humans and other species. The search engine is based on matching conjugate variants called MatchVars between species. Matching equivalent variants requires correct alignment of orthologous proteins with the use of multiple sequence alignments (MSA). Indeed, the ConVarT pipeline has performed over a million MSAs and integrated variants and variant‐specific annotations (pathogenicity, phenotypic variants; etc.) into the corresponding positions on MSAs. When a clinically relevant variant is discovered whose functional relevance is unknown, ConVarT offers clinician scientists the possibility to search for a MatchVar in other species and to look for functional data on that variant. Fortunately, ConVarT enables users to paste a protein sequence in FASTA format to search for human orthologous proteins. A pairwise sequence alignment (PSA) is then performed between the provided protein sequence and the human orthologous protein, allowing users to visualize human variants on the PSA. Here, we describe the step‐by‐step usage of ConVarT. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
AGES OF GLOBULAR CLUSTERS.

Ages have been calculated for 41 globular clusters for which color-magnitude diagram studies allow a determination of the luminosity difference between the horizontal-branch and the main-sequence turnoff point. The data indicate only weak support for a slight difference in age between clusters in the inner halo and those in the outer halo. No correlation between cluster ages and cluster metallicities is found.