Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ältere Arbeitnehmer im Betrieb und als Stellenbewerber aus der Sicht der Personalverantwortlichen (Older workers in the firm and as job candidates: the view of those responsible for personnel management)

"The problems that older workers experience in finding new work are well-known. Those responsible for personnel management in firms play a key role in the reintegration of older workers. In this paper the results of a survey conducted among personnel managers are presented. The questions focussed on the importance of workers' and job applicants' ages for the firm. Furthermore the survey dealt with the question as to what the unemployment of applicants signalises for personnel managers. The research was conducted in the form of partially structured interviews, which made it possible to record opinions and attitudes in their diversity. In this respect the following points take into account only some of the key results: The general attitude was: We need young and older workers. Young workers are required for the jobs that demand 'new' qualifications, and for those where physical and psychological resilience or speed and flexibility matter. Older workers are needed for managerial functions at all hierarchical levels, for training functions and quite generally whenever experience and technical or firm-specific knowledge are in demand. This does not automatically result in good employment prospects for external older job applicants. There are fewer jobs of this type overall; they are attractive advancement positions for a firm's own employees and there are good reasons for considering these employees as applicants for such jobs. Also the ideas of a desirable or 'normal' age structure in a firm, which continue to be orientated towards the idea of an age pyramid, oppose older applicants. From the point of view of those responsible for personnel issues a point against hiring older workers is also the firms' interest in employment relationships that are as long-term as possible. At the same time the firms express the fear of being unable to part with older workers, and not only because of dismissal protection regulations but also because of the feeling of a greater social obligation - in order to avoid this older workers are not hired in the first place. The personnel managers are aware that unemployment can affect anybody but many assume that if people use their own initiative and are willing to lower their sights, they need not remain out of work. Above all it is assumed that unemployed people very rapidly lose the characteristics for which their age actually stands, i.e. reliability, solid knowledge and work discipline. On the whole the study showed that many different areas must be tackled if the integration chances of older people are to be improved. " (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus in Smuggled Thai Eagles, Belgium

We report the isolation and characterization of a highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 virus from Crested Hawk-Eagles smuggled into Europe by air travel. A screening performed in human and avian contacts indicated no dissemination occurred. Illegal movements of birds are a major threat for the introduction of highly pathogenic avian influenza.
Reeb Graphs: Approximation and Persistence

Given a continuous function f:X→ℝ on a topological space X, its level setf−1(a) changes continuously as the real value a changes. Consequently, the connected components in the level sets appear, disappear, split and merge. The Reeb graph of f summarizes this information into a graph structure. Previous work on Reeb graph mainly focused on its efficient computation. In this paper, we initiate the study of two important aspects of the Reeb graph, which can facilitate its broader applications in shape and data analysis. The first one is the approximation of the Reeb graph of a function on a smooth compact manifold M without boundary. The approximation is computed from a set of points P sampled from M. By leveraging a relation between the Reeb graph and the so-called vertical homology group, as well as between cycles in M and in a Rips complex constructed from P, we compute the H1-homology of the Reeb graph from P. It takes O(nlogn) expected time, where n is the size of the 2-skeleton of the Rips complex. As a by-product, when M is an orientable 2-manifold, we also obtain an efficient near-linear time (expected) algorithm for computing the rank of H1(M) from point data. The best-known previous algorithm for this problem takes O(n3) time for point data. The second aspect concerns the definition and computation of the persistent Reeb graph homology for a sequence of Reeb graphs defined on a filtered space. For a piecewise-linear function defined on a filtration of a simplicial complex K, our algorithm computes all persistent H1-homology for the Reeb graphs in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$O(n n_{e}^{3})$\end{document} time, where n is the size of the 2-skeleton and ne is the number of edges in K.
Laboratory Growth and Maintenance of Streptococcus pyogenes (The Group A Streptococcus, GAS)

Streptococcus pyogenes is a Gram‐positive bacterium that strictly infects humans. It is the causative agent of a broad spectrum of diseases accounting for millions of infections and at least 517,000 deaths each year worldwide. It is a nutritionally fastidious organism that ferments sugars to produce lactic acid and has strict requirements for growth. To aid in the study of this organism, this unit describes the growth and maintenance of S. pyogenes. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 30:9D.2. 1‐9D.2. 13. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Capacity Building Needs Of Lecturers of Agricultural Education In Soil Testing For Effective Teaching Of Students In Colleges Of Education In South-East, Nigeria.

The main purpose of this study was to determine capacity building needs of lecturers of agricultural education in soil testing (NPK) for effective teaching of students in Colleges of Education in South-easth, Nigeria. Four research questions guided the study. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The study was conducted in 8 Colleges of Education in South-east, Nigerian offering Agricultural Education programme. The population of the study was 107 lecturers. The entire population was involved in the study. An instrument titled Soil Testing Capacity Building Needs Questionnaire (STCBNQ) was used for data collection. Three experts face validated the questionnaire. Cronbach alpha reliability method was used to determine the internal consistency of the questionnaire items. A reliability coefficient of 0.90 was obtained. Data collected for the study were analyzed using weighted mean, standard deviation and Improvement Need-Performance Index (INPI) to answer the research questions. It was found out from the study that lecturers of Agricultural Education in Colleges of needed capacity building on 12 items in soil sampling, 6 items in testing for soil Nitrogen, 9 items in testing for soil Phosphorus and 9 items in testing for soil Potassium for effective teaching of students in Colleges of Education in South-east, Nigeria. It was recommended that lecturers of Agricultural Education in Colleges of Education should utilize the findings of this study on their capacity building needs to seek for sponsorship from their administrators in order to attend re-training programme for their capacity building in soil testing and analysis among others. Keywords: capacity building, lecturers of agricultural education, soil testing, soil sampling, Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium.
A chemical dataset for evaluation of alternative approaches to skin‐sensitization testing

Allergic contact dermatitis resulting from skin sensitization is a common occupational and environmental health problem. In recent years, the local lymph node assay (LLNA) has emerged as a practical option for assessing the skin‐sensitization potential of chemicals. In addition to accurate identification of skin sensitizers, the LLNA can also provide a reliable measure of relative sensitization potency, information that is pivotal in successful management of human health risks. However, even with the significant animal welfare benefits provided by the LLNA, there is interest still in the development of non‐animal test methods for skin sensitization. Here, we provide a dataset of chemicals that have been tested in the LLNA and the activity of which correspond with what is known of their potential to cause skin sensitization in humans. It is anticipated that this will be of value to other investigators in the evaluation and calibration of novel approaches to skin‐sensitization testing. The materials that comprise this dataset encompass both the chemical and biological diversity of known chemical allergens and provide also examples of negative controls. It is hoped that this dataset will accelerate the development, evaluation and eventual validation of new approaches to skin‐sensitization testing.
Alleviating the Release and Deployment Effort of Product Software by Explicitly Managing Component Knowledge

Product software release, delivery, and deployment are complex tasks for software vendors, system managers, and end-users of a software system. This position paper proposes a framework that manages software knowledge during the lifecycle of a software product, with special focus on the release, delivery, and deployment processes of software components. The first pillar of the framework manages components and their associated information on a local system. The second pillar of the framework enables knowledge sharing amongst system nodes in a network. Central to the framework is the underlying knowledge base, a distributed knowledge base that stores knowledge about software systems and its components.
A Rapid Replacement of Vimentin-Containing Radial Glia by Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein-Containing Astrocytes in Transplanted Telencephalon

The present study follows the early events in the development of astroglia in rat embryonic (El5) tissue grafted into the cortex of adult rats. Astroglial elements (radial glia and astrocytes) were studied by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin immunohistochemistry on post-transplantation (PT) days 7, 11, 14, 17, and 21. At PT7, GFAP-immunopositive elements were only scarce fibers in the transplants. At PTll, a dense network of long, GFAP-immunopositive fibers enmeshed the entire transplant, and astrocytes were already recognized. The fibers also showed vimentin immunoreactivity. By PT14, astrocytes became the predominant GFAP-labeled elements, although a few long fibers persisted. When compared with in situ development, the grafts showed earlier GFAP-immunoreactivity and earlier appearance of astrocytes, as well as a more rapid transition from the immature to the mature form of the glial system.
FAST ELECTRONIC DRIVER FOR OPTICAL SWITCHES Submitted

FAST ELECTRONIC DRIVER FOR OPTICAL SWITCHES Electronically controlled optical switches are critical components in many optical systems, including pulsed lasers. Solid-state optical switches based upon the Pockels effect are widely utilized in research and industry, however Pockels cells require electronic drivers capable of switching several kilovolts quickly and cleanly. This thesis reviews Pockels cell designs and their typical applications in laser systems, discusses common drive circuit topologies found in literature, and describes the development of a fast, stable electronic driver for half-wave configured Pockels cell optical switches. In a crowded optical environment, it is frequently desirable to locate the Pockels cell at some distance from the driver electronics. The driver was developed to be capable of 1.4 ns optical transition times when connected to a 6 pF Pockels cell via 1.2 meters of 50 ohm coaxial cable. The driver is designed to operate in colliding-pulse mode at 6-8 kV, with 80 ampere typical switch currents. Total switch propagation delay is less than 100 ns, and thermal drift has been measured at less than 50ps/C. These pulsers are currently used to drive Pockels cells in colliding pulse mode in pulse picking and slicing applications where optical rise times of < 2 ns and low drift are needed. Novel non-invasive diagnostic techniques for measuring and graphing pulse propagation in a repeatable manner along collapsing avalanche transistor chains are presented.
CRRAO Advanced Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science (AIMSCS)

—We present a scalable parallel deterministic annealing formalism for clustering with cutoffs and position dependent variances. We apply it to the “peak matching" problem of the precise identification of the common LC-MS peaks across a cohort of multiple biological samples in proteomic biomarker discovery. We find reliably and automatically tens of thousands of clusters starting with a single one that is split recursively as distance resolution is sharpened. We parallelize the algorithm and compare unconstrained and trimmed clusters using data from a human tuberculosis cohort.
Çocuğa Yönelik Aile İçi Fiziksel İstismar

Cocuga yonelik istismar fiziksel, ekonomik, duygusal ve cinsel istismar olmak uzere siniflandirilmaktadir. Bazi durumlarda bu istismar turlerinin birden fazlasi bir arada olabilmektedir. Bu alanyazini derlemesinde de cocuga yonelik fiziksel siddet ve istismar konusu ele alinmistir. Ozelliklede cocuga ev ortaminda ailesi tarafindan (parental abuse) uygulanan siddet davranislarina odaklanilmaya calisilmistir. Istismar ve ihmal kavramlarinin ayrimi yapilmis, fiziksel istismar tanimlanmis ve tarihsel gelisimi icerisinde cocuga yonelik siddete bakis acilarina deginilmistir. Farkli kulturlerde ve tarihsel donemlerde bu konunun nasil ele alindigi ve nasil yorumlandigi incelenmistir. Fiziksel istismara ugrama acisindan risk faktorlerine bakilmis ve fiziksel istismarin cocuklar uzerindeki kisa ve uzun donem etkilerine yer verilmistir. Ulkemizde bu konuda yapilan arastirma ve istatistikler oldukca urkutucu sonuclar vermistir. Oyle goruluyor ki, evde cocuga siddet uygulamak kulturel bir norm olarak kabul edilmistir. Fiziksel istismarin teshis ve tedavisine yer verilmis ve yasal duzenlemeler tartisilmistir. Son olarak da cocuklarla calisan psikolojik danisman, ogretmen ve doktorlarin fiziksel istismarin belirlenmesi ve onlenmesi konusundaki rol ve sorumluluklarina vurgu yapilmistir.
Quantitative Relationship among Integrin-Ligand Binding, Adhesion, and Signaling via Focal Adhesion Kinase and Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 2*

Because integrin-mediated signals are transferred through a physical architecture and synergistic biochemical network whose properties are not well defined, quantitative relationships between extracellular integrin-ligand binding events and key intracellular responses are poorly understood. We begin to address this by quantifying integrin-mediated FAK and ERK2 responses in CHO cells for varied α5β1 expression level and substratum fibronectin density. Plating cells on fibronectin-coated surfaces initiated a transient, biphasic ERK2 response, the magnitude and kinetics of which depended on integrin-ligand binding properties. Whereas ERK2 activity initially increased with a rate proportional to integrin-ligand bond number for low fibronectin density, the desensitization rate was independent of integrin and fibronectin amount but proportional to the ERK2 activity level with an exponential decay constant of 0.3 (± 0.08) min−1. Unlike the ERK2 activation time course, FAK phosphorylation followed a superficially disparate time course. However, analysis of the early kinetics of the two signals revealed them to be correlated. The initial rates of FAK and ERK2 signal generation exhibited similar dependence on fibronectin surface density, with both rates monotonically increasing with fibronectin amount until saturating at high fibronectin density. Because of this similar initial rate dependence on integrin-ligand bond formation, the disparity in their time courses is attributed to differences in feedback regulation of these signals. Whereas FAK phosphorylation increased to a steady-state level as new integrin-ligand bond formation continued during cell spreading, ERK2 activity was decoupled from the integrin-ligand stimulus and decayed back to a basal level. Accordingly, we propose different functional metrics for representing these two disparate dynamic signals: the steady-state tyrosine phosphorylation level for FAK and the integral of the pulse response for ERK2. These measures of FAK and ERK2 activity were found to correlate with short term cell-substratum adhesivity, indicating that signaling via FAK and ERK2 is proportional to the number of integrin-fibronectin bonds.
Subacute But Not Acute Generation of Nitric Oxide in Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Background and Purpose Excessive release of nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration in ischemic stroke. We compared intracerebral release of indicators of NO generation at the acute and subacute stages of transient focal cerebral ischemia. Methods In vivo microdialysis in the rat striatum was performed at the acute (first hours) and subacute (after 24 or 48 hours) stages of cerebral ischemia or sham operation to monitor intracerebral release of the stable NO metabolites nitrite and nitrate. Results Whereas only a nonsignificant trend toward increased release of these NO metabolites was evidenced in acute cerebral ischemia, a significant NO generation was observed subacutely, 48 hours after induction of cerebral ischemia. Aminoguanidine, a selective inhibitor of inducible NO synthase, suppressed this delayed release of nitrite and nitrate. Conclusions Whereas these observations do not support a major NO generation in acute cerebral ischemia, they indicate an inducible NO synthase–dependent NO generation predominantly at the subacute phase of ischemic neurodegeneration. Therefore, NO generation may play a pathophysiological role in delayed ischemic neurodegeneration.
A body-shadowing model for indoor UWB communication environments

Radio channel characteristic is a very important factor for designing indoor UWB communication network. As we know, the indoor communication channel is limited by geometry of room and some obstruction in that room such as furniture, human operator, etc. These obstructions directly affect to quality of received signal, especially human who usually obstruct receiving signal. To efficient the network designing, the influence of human body shadowing on radio propagation in building UWB communication is investigated by involving propagation prediction model. This model will predict characteristics of the received signal affected from body shadowing by considering many wave propagation phenomenons such as reflection, refraction, absorption, etc. based on ray-tracing technique. The predicted results are shown in various forms such as power loss of received signal, mean excess delay and power delay profile. To verify the validation of the model, these results will be compared with the measured results. It is found that the measurement and prediction results are closely related.
Lower birth weight indicates higher risk of autistic traits in discordant twin pairs

Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of complex etiology. Although strong evidence supports the causal role of genetic factors, environmental risk factors have also been implicated. This study used a co-twin–control design to investigate low birth weight as a risk factor for ASD. Method We studied a population-based sample of 3715 same-sex twin pairs participating in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study of Sweden (CATSS). ASD was assessed using a structured parent interview for screening of ASD and related developmental disorders, based on DSM-IV criteria. Birth weight was obtained from medical birth records maintained by the Swedish Medical Birth Registry. Results Twins lower in birth weight in ASD-discordant twin pairs (n=34) were more than three times more likely to meet criteria for ASD than heavier twins [odds ratio (OR) 3.25]. Analyses of birth weight as a continuous risk factor showed a 13% reduction in risk of ASD for every 100 g increase in birth weight (n=78). Analysis of the effect of birth weight on ASD symptoms in the entire population (most of whom did not have ASD) showed a modest association. That is, for every 100 g increase in birth weight, a 2% decrease in severity of ASD indexed by scores on the Autism – Tics, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), and other Comorbidities (A-TAC) inventory would be expected in the sample as a whole. Conclusions The data were consistent with the hypothesis that low birth weight confers risk to ASD. Thus, although genetic effects are of major importance, a non-genetic influence associated with birth weight may contribute to the development of ASD.
Direct Measurement of Hormone‐Induced Acidification in Intact Bone

Previous findings have shown that osteoblasts respond to parathyroid hormone (PTH) with an increase in extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) in addition to the known effect of PTH to increase local acidification by osteoclasts. We, therefore, investigated use of the Cytosensor to measure the ECAR response of whole intact bone to PTH employing microphysiometry. The Cytosensor measures a generic metabolic increase of cells to various agents. Using neonatal mouse calvaria, we found that the area surrounding the sagittal suture was particularly responsive to PTH. In this bone, the increase in ECAR was slower to develop (6 minutes) and more persistent than in cultured human osteoblast‐like SaOS‐2 cells and was preceded by a brief decrease in ECAR Salmon calcitonin also produced an increase in ECAR in this tissue but with a different pattern than that elicited by PTH. Because PTH stimulates osteoclastic bone resorption in mouse calvaria via a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)‐mediated mechanism, we showed that the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin also stimulated ECAR in this tissue. When the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway was activated by maintaining a high intracellular concentration of cAMP using N 6 ‐2′‐0‐dibutyryladenosine‐cAMP (db‐cAMP), there was a reduction of PTH‐induced acidification, while isobutylmethylxanthine pretreatment potentiated the PTH‐induced acidification, consistent with a PKA‐mediated pathway. Thapsigargin and the protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol myristate acetate had no effect on the PTH‐induced increase in ECAR in calvaria, indicating that PKC does not play a major role in the ECAR response in intact bone. These results indicate the utility of using microphysiometry to study ECAR responses in intact tissue and should enable elucidation of the relative importance of extracellular acidification by osteoblasts and osteoclasts to the anabolic and catabolic activities of PTH, respectively.
An adaptive framework for the creation of bodymotion-based games

As of the early 20th century, a significant body of research has been published that shows how effective game-based learning and gamification techniques can be compared to other methods. However, creating games can be time consuming and usually demands a significant effort. Therefore, this paper focuses on the design and development of a novel framework for the rapid design of body-motion-based customizable game-like applications. This framework consists of two components: i) an interface that allows the user to design the game and capture the motion data, and ii) a customizable game for learning and training using off-the-shelf motion capture sensors like the Microsoft Kinect. The game is automatically configured based on the output of the game design interface. In order to evaluate the proposed system, a pilot use case for the Latin dance Salsa has been selected. Preliminary small-scaled experiments with latin dance students have shown the great potential of the proposed application.