Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Restoring Motor functions in Spinal cord injury, Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy, and Stroke by Botulinum toxin-induced Synaptic Competitive-Learning Therapy

Botulinum toxin (BoTx) is well known as a popular drug of choice for spasticity relief. Recent research shows that the toxin has synaptic competitive-learning (SCL) restoring plasticity properties acting at peripheral and central nervous sensory-motor centers. In the intact brain, SCL is naturally-endowed, that controls-regulates all learn-register-recallexecute (motor) functions, and memory storage functions during development and throughout adult life. In spinal cord injury (SCI), hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP), and stroke, there is partial/complete cessation of all SCL mechanisms in those injured and denervated centers. The denervated synaptic fields soon become reinnervated by spontaneous growths of aberrant, maladaptive synaptic weights. The massive loss of neurons in the injured site/s and the resultant synaptic weights (=defined as learned motor experiences stored as memory weights) distortions in the denervated centers cause spasticity and sensory-motor paralysis. It is known that BoTx spasticity relieving effects in single, isolated muscle/s are short-lived. However, clinical studies indicate that when given to multiple spastic muscles in serial/ repeats, BoTx generates significant recovery. Basic science studies show that BoTx generates neosynaptogenesis at motorendplates, on spinal motoneurons and motor cortex. It reinstalls the three cardinal courses of SCL viz. initial redundant connections, activity-dependent, competition-based pruning-selection refinement of connections at these sites. This paper presents i) a cognitive systems perspective of spasticity and motor paralysis, ii) a low-dose, multi-muscles BoTx treatment protocol designed to keep its paralyzing effects minimized, while prolong its SCL duration in order to initiate and consolidate long-lasting motor recovery in these disorders.
Developmental Robotics from Developmental Psychology

Developmental robotics is concerned with the design of algorithms that promote robot adaptation and learning through qualitative growth of behaviour and increasing levels of competence. This paper uses ideas and inspiration from psychological knowledge of pre-grasping infants (up to 3 months of age) to examine the issues and factors that might produce similar mechanisms for use in robotic systems. The study includes discussion of results from robotic experiments on sensory-motor models and key issues are raised throughout.
Online Graphical Display of Blood Oxygen Saturation and Pulse Rate

This paper will design a non-invasive pulse oximeter using the ADuC842 microcontroller. A pulse oximeter is a medical device that indirectly monitors the oxygen saturation of a patient's blood and heart rate. The hardware has been developed for the pulse oximeter and programming/coding has been done for calculating blood oxygen saturation and pulse rate of a patient. The results are displayed on the OLED or transported to PC. The software used is ASPIRE (Advanced Systems Programming Integrating Real-time Emulation) verion 1.05. Assessing a patient’s need for oxygen is the most essential element to life; no human life thrives in the absence of oxygen.
Minderico : an endangered language in portugal

This publication can be cited as: Vera Ferreira & Peter Bouda. 2009. Minderico: an endangered language in portugal. In Peter K. Austin, Oliver Bond, Monik Charette, David Nathan & Peter Sells (eds) Proceedings of Conference on Language Documentation and Linguistic Theory 2. London: SOAS. or: Vera Ferreira & Peter Bouda. 2009. Minderico: an endangered language in portugal. In Peter K. Austin, Oliver Bond, Monik Charette, David Nathan & Peter Sells (eds) Proceedings of Conference on Language Documentation and Linguistic Theory 2. London: SOAS. www.hrelp. org/eprints/ldlt2_10. pdf Language Documentation & Linguistic Theory 2
THE EFFECT OF PERSON-ORGANIZATION FIT, JOB SATISFACTION, AND TRUST TOWARD HIGH SCHOOLS’ TEACHERS AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT

This study aims to determine the effect of a positive direct independent variables such as: person-organization fit, job satisfaction and trust in the dependent variable is the affective commitment high schools’ teachers in Depok. Studies have been conducted on senior high school teachers in Depok. The method used was a survey with data analysis techniques using path analysis. Respondents are 194 of the total 376 senior high schools’ teachers in Depok. They were selected by random sampling. The results of the study are as follows: (1) there was a direct effect of personorganization fit toward affective commitment, (2) there was a direct effect of job satisfaction toward affective commitment, (3) there was a direct effect of trust toward affective commitment, (4) there was a direct effect of person-organization fit toward job satisfaction, (5) there was a direct effect of person-organization fit toward trust. the conclusion is that the affective commitment is influenced by the person-organization fit, job satisfaction and trust.
Airport Security Screener Competency: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis

The performance of 5,717 aviation security screeners in detecting prohibited items in x-ray images of passenger bags was analyzed over a period of 4 years. The measure used in this study was detection performance on the X-Ray Competency Assessment Test (X-Ray CAT) and performance on this measure was obtained on an annual basis. Between tests, screeners performed varying amounts of training in the task of prohibited item detection using an adaptive computer-based training system called X-Ray Tutor (XRT). For both XRT and X-Ray CAT, prohibited items are categorized into guns, knives, improvised explosive devices (IEDs), and other prohibited items. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of the training and test data were performed. Both types of analysis revealed a strong improvement of X-Ray CAT performance as a result of XRT training for all 4 item categories. The results of the study indicate that screener competency in detecting prohibited items in x-ray images of passenger bags can be greatly improved through routine XRT training.
Attacking the Network Time Protocol

We explore the risk that network attackers can exploit unauthenticated Network Time Protocol (NTP) traffic to alter the time on client systems. We first discuss how an onpath attacker, that hijacks traffic to an NTP server, can quickly shift time on the server’s clients. Then, we present an extremely low-rate (single packet) denial-of-service attack that an off-path attacker, located anywhere on the network, can use to disable NTP clock synchronization on a client. Next, we show how an off-path attacker can exploit IPv4 packet fragmentation to dramatically shift time on a client. We discuss the implications of these attacks on other core Internet protocols, quantify their attack surface using Internet measurements, and suggest a few simple countermeasures that can improve the security of NTP.
Use of multiple opportunities for improving feeding practices in under-twos within child health programmes.

OBJECTIVES In a community randomized trial, we aimed to promote exclusive breastfeeding and appropriate complementary feeding practices in under-twos to ascertain the feasibility of using available channels for nutrition counselling, their relative performance and the relationship between intensity of counselling and behaviour change. We also assessed whether using multiple opportunities to impart nutrition education adversely affected routine activities. METHODS We conducted a community randomized, controlled effectiveness trial in rural Haryana, India, with four intervention and four control communities. We trained health and nutrition workers in the intervention communities to counsel mothers at multiple contacts on breastfeeding exclusively for 6 months and on appropriate complementary feeding practices thereafter. The intervention was not just training health and nutrition workers in counselling but included community and health worker mobilization. FINDINGS In the intervention group, about 32% of caregivers were counselled by traditional birth attendants at birth. The most frequent sources of counselling from birth to 3 months were immunization sessions (45.1%) and home visits (32.1%), followed closely by weighing sessions (25.5%); from 7 to 12 months, home visits (42.6%) became more important than the other two. An increase in the number of channels through which caregivers were counselled was positively associated with exclusive breastfeeding prevalence at 3 months (p = 0.002), consumption of milk/cereal gruel or mix use at 9 months (p = 0.004) and 18 months (p = 0.003), undiluted milk at 9 months (p<0.0001) and 24 hour non-breast-milk energy intakes at 18 months (p = 0.023), after controlling for potential confounding factors. Intervention areas, compared with the control, had higher coverage for vitamin A (45% vs. 11.5%) and iron folic acid (45% vs. 0.4%) supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Using multiple available opportunities and workers for counselling caregivers was feasible, resulted in high coverage and impact, and instead of disrupting ongoing services, resulted in their improvement.
Self-Organizing Maps for Classification of a Multi-Labeled Corpus

A Self-Organizing Map was used to classify the Reuters Corpus, by assigning a label to each of the documents that cluster to a speciﬁc node in the Self-Organizing Map. The predicted label is based on the most frequent label among the training documents attributed to that particular node. Experiments were carried out on different grid sizes (node numbers) to determine their inﬂuence on classiﬁcation re-sults. Informative visualizations of the resulting Self-Organizing Maps are demonstrated. We argue that the Self-Organizing Map is well suited to classify a document collection in which many documents simultaneously belong to several categories.
Quality of Service on Grid: architectural and methodological issues

The rapid evolution of Grid Computing and the development of new middleware services make Grid platforms increasingly used not only for best effort scientific jobs but also in industrial and business applications. This has taken to the growing demand of Quality of Service (QoS) support. However, the QoS issue on Grid is quite difficult, as Grid has been originally designed without any QoS support, and it is a complex system. During the previous years some solutions have been proposed to supply QoS for specific classes of applications. This results in a focused and a heterogeneous approach, so that it is hard to evaluate its sufficiency and its robustness with respect to the large spectrum of possible Grid applications. In this context, our contribution concerns three points: first, we analyze the current approach to QoS on Grid as a relationship among QoS features, applications, and architectures; second, we evaluate the QoS requirements of two recent QoS‐demanding applications on Grid, namely Massive Multiplayer Online Games and Urgent Computing, comparing these requirements with the support provided by current QoS architectures; and third, we propose an alternative approach to QoS provision on Grid based on the definition of a dedicated QoS‐management layer to overcome the limitations of the current methodologies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proposal of pneumatic rubber muscles with Shape-Memory Polymer reinforcement fibers realizing desirable motion

Pneumatic rubber actuators have advantages, light weigh, low cost, high safety and so on. Most of them have reinforcement fibers in their rubber body to realize anisotropic deformation for desirable motion when pneumatic pressure is applied. Once the actuator is fabricated, its motion type, bending, contracting, or extending, is determined uniquely. In this study, Shape Memory Polymer (SMP) fibers are utilized as reinforcement fibers for pneumatic rubber actuators. Owing to function of SMP, shape of the actuators can be varied, then the motion of the actuator can be changed easily. In this report, we focuse on two kinds of pneumatic rubber artificial muscles, one is a straight fiber type muscle and the other is a McKibben type muscle, they generate linear motion in axial direction. SMP fibers are embedded in these artificial muscles as reinforcement fibers, then by changing its shape by SMP, these realize not only simple linear motion but also torsional motion or extensional-flexional motion.
Classification of Filipino Speech Rhythm Using Computational and Perceptual Approach

This study incorporates computational and perceptual methods to classify Filipino speech rhythm. Speech rhythm may be described as a language‟s distinguishing durational sound pattern, resulting from the complexity of the language‟s syllable inventory. 1 Computational methods involve the correlation of rhythm-types to acoustic features such as the vocalic and consonantal intervals, one of which is the implementation of Multivariate Discriminant Analysis (MDA). Perceptual methods involve contrasting the rhythm of an unclassified language from prototype syllable-timed and stress-timed sentences. In order to isolate rhythm from speech, a data-stripping technique called flat sasasa resynthesis was implemented wherein the consonants are replaced with /s/ and vowels with /a/, producing a resynthesized alternating “sasasa” sounds at a constant pitch (F0). The rhythm discrimination and classification were closely examined for consistency between the data modeling and listening test results. The computational experiment was able to show that an MDA classifier trained to distinguish English and Japanese sentences tend to label Filipino sentences as Japanese 67% of the time, vis-a-vis the perceptual experiment showing that the listeners perceive Filipino to be more similar with Japanese, this study shows computational and perceptual validation that Filipino is syllable-timed, just like Japanese.
The Dorsomedial Pathway Is Not Just for Reaching: Grasping Neurons in the Medial Parieto-Occipital Cortex of the Macaque Monkey

Brain control of prehension is thought to rely on two specific brain circuits: a dorsomedial one (involving the areas of the superior parietal lobule and the dorsal premotor cortex) involved in the transport of the hand toward the object and a dorsolateral one (involving the inferior parietal lobule and the ventral premotor cortex) dealing with the preshaping of the hand according to the features of the object. The present study aimed at testing whether a pivotal component of the dorsomedial pathway (area V6A) is involved also in hand preshaping and grip formation to grasp objects of different shapes. Two macaque monkeys were trained to reach and grasp different objects. For each object, animals used a different grip: whole-hand prehension, finger prehension, hook grip, primitive precision grip, and advanced precision grip. Almost half of 235 neurons recorded from V6A displayed selectivity for a grip or a group of grips. Several experimental controls were used to ensure that neural modulation was attributable to grip only. These findings, in concert with previous studies demonstrating that V6A neurons are modulated by reach direction and wrist orientation, that lesion of V6A evokes reaching and grasping deficits, and that dorsal premotor cortex contains both reaching and grasping neurons, indicate that the dorsomedial parieto-frontal circuit may play a central role in all phases of reach-to-grasp action. Our data suggest new directions for the modeling of prehension movements and testable predictions for new brain imaging and neuropsychological experiments.
Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Mixed Cryoglobulinemia

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection is recognized as the major cause of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC). Its persistence represents a continuous stimulus for host immune system with production of circulating immune complexes (ICs), one-third of them with cryoprecipitate property. Several factors contribute to the biological activities of ICs, many of which are not completely known. Among them, complement factors play a crucial role in the cold-insoluble ICs-mediated vasculitis, involving primarily small blood vessels in different tissues including skin, kidney, peripheral, and central nervous system. Liver represents the major target of HCV infection with inflammatory infiltrates, resembling secondary lymphoid follicles. Cytokine like CXCL13 contribute to B-cell homing in intraportal lymphoid aggregates, in which B-cell clonal selection may arise. B-cell clonal expansion starts as an antigen-driven event and expands towards indolent and malignant B-cell proliferation. Occurrence of intrahepatic B-cell clonalities correlates with extrahepatic clinical manifestations of HCV infection. In this context, cryoglobulinemic patients should be considered a peculiar HCV-infected population that needs a clinical multidisciplinary approach and more articulated therapeutic measures.
Malignant Melanoma and Its Stromal Nonimmune Microecosystem

In recent years, rapid advances were reached in the understanding of a series of biologic signals influencing cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) cells. CMM is in close contact with a peculiar dermal extracellular matrix (ECM). Stromal cells store and release various structural ECM components. The impact on CMM growth and progression is mediated through strong and long-lasting effects of ECM products. This paper summarizes some peculiar aspects of the peri-CMM stroma showing intracytoplasmic loads in Factor XIIIa, CD34, versican, and α (IV) collagen chains. The restricted peri-CMM skin territory exhibiting such changes corresponds to the area showing neoangiogenesis and extravascular unicellular metastatic spread. The latter inconspicuous migratory CMM cells possibly correspond to CMM stem cells or to CMM cells with aberrant HOX gene expression. Their presence is associated with an increased risk for metastases in the regional sentinel lymph nodes. In conclusion, the CMM-stroma connection appears crucial to the growth regulation, invasiveness and initial metastatic spread of CMM cells. Although much remains to be learned in this field, the active intervention of the peri-CMM stroma is likely involved in the inconspicuous early metastatic migration of CMM cells.
Prejudice, polyculturalism, and the influence of contact and moral exclusion: A comparison of responses toward LGBI, TI, and refugee groups

Prejudice toward marginalized groups is recognized as a complex and harmful social issue. The present study investigates the role of polyculturalism in undermining prejudice toward lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex people and refugees. A pilot study (N = 76) compared participants' prejudice, contact, and moral exclusion toward lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) and transgender or intersex (TI) people. There were differences for three out of four variables; thus, LGB and TI variables were separated in the study proper (N = 154). In this study, we investigated moral exclusion and contact (quantity and quality) relating to LGB, TI, and refugee groups as simultaneous mediators of the relationship between polyculturalism and prejudice, while taking into account openness as per previous research. Structural equation modeling indicated that moral exclusion and contact quality acted as mediators between polyculturalism and prejudice for LGB people, TI people, and refugees.
Effective error control scheme with channel state information for WBAN

This paper proposes and investigates an effective error control scheme using channel state information (CSI) for Body Area Network (BAN). In February 2012, an international standard of WBAN, IEEE802.15. 6, was published and it supports error control schemes. This standard also defines seven different QoS modes. However, how to utilize them is not clearly specified. In this paper, an effective method of the QoS is proposed, especially in user priority 7. Then, the Hybrid ARQ in IEEE 802.15. 6 is modified to employ decomposable codes for more associations with CSI. The proposed scheme has been able to transmitted data more effectively according to the required QoS.
Cœurs stables de communautés dans les graphes de terrain

Dans de nombreux contextes, des ensembles d'entites en relation peuvent etre modelises par des graphes, dans lesquels les entites individuelles sont representees par des sommets et les relations entre ces entites par des liens. Ces graphes, que nous appellerons "graphes de terrain", peuvent etre rencontres dans le monde reel dans differents domaines tels que les sciences sociales, l'informatique, la biologie, le transport, la linguistique, etc. La plupart des graphes de terrain sont composes de sous-graphes denses faiblement inter-connectes appeles communautes et de nombreux algorithmes ont ete proposes afin d'identifier cette structure communautaire automatiquement. Nous nous sommes interesses aux problemes des algorithmes de detection de communautes, notamment leur non-determinisme et l'instabilite qui en decoule. Nous avons presente une methodologie qui permets d'ameliorer les resultats obtenus avec les techniques actuelles de detection de communautes. Nous avons propose une approche basee sur le concept de communautes fortes ou cœurs de communautes et nous avons montre l'amelioration apportee par notre approche en l'appliquant a des graphes reels et artificiels.
Revenge Porn Victimization of College Students in the United States: An Exploratory Analysis

Over the past several decades, there has been an increased focus on various forms of sexual violence and sexually aggressive behaviors (e.g., stalking, harassment). Technology has provided new opportunities for sexually aggressive behavior and involvement in sexting and revenge porn. To date, there is limited empirical research that exists on revenge pornsending or posting sexually suggestive or explicit materials of a former lover, without the subject’s consent, in an attempt to humiliate, harass, or punish the victim. In the present exploratory study, we surveyed 470 college freshmen about their practices and perceptions about revenge porn. Findings revealed that approximately 10% of the current sample had a private photo shared beyond the intended recipient and those male students and female students had different experiences. Specifically, victims of revenge porn were predominantly female, freshman, and 18 years of age and the majority of private pictures that were forwarded to others beyond the intended recipient were sent by a current or former boyfriend. Implications of these findings for the college community are discussed. ________________________________________________________________________
Asymmetric Chip Multiprocessors: Balancing Hardware Effic iency and Programmer Efficiency

Chip Multiprocessors are becoming common as the cost of increasing chip power begins to limit single core performance. The most power efficient CMP consists of low power in-order cores. However, performance on such a processor is low unless the workload is nearly completely parallelized, which depending on the workload can be impossible or require significant programmer effort. This paper argues that the programmer effort required to parallelize an application can be reduced if the underlying architecture promises faster execution of the serial portion of an application. In such a case, programmers can parallelize only the easier-to-parallelize portions of the application and rely on the hardware to run the serial portion faster. We make a case for an architecture which contains one high performance out-of-order processor and multiple low performance in-order processors. We call it an Asymmetric Chip Multiprocessor (ACMP). Although the out-of-order core in the ACMP makes it less power efficient, it enables the ACMP to produce higher performance gains with less programmer effort.