Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complex natural science and the challenges of its education in the 21st century

Abstract Natural science in education can be summarized as a complex system. The professional and methodological task in the teaching of natural sciences is to convey this complexity. The terms and models of graph theory can be used to model the system approach, such as networks. Networks consist of elements and connections between them, which can be well represented by graphs. Growing networks have a scale-independent property, i.e. the rich get richer principle applies. Internal connections may also appear within the networks, which strengthen the network. New theories related to education appeared at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries and are called reform or progressive pedagogical methods. Their common basic ideas include children’s freedom, getting to know and helping the child as an individual, the coordinating and helping role of the teacher, and the existence of the appropriate quality of the pedagogical environment.
Summary of Impedance Issues and Beam Instabilities

This paper summarizes the session on impedance issues and beam instabilities at the ICFA workshop on future circular electron-positron factories “eeFACT2016” [1] held at the Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, from 24 to 27 October 2016. This session also covered active beam stabilization by feedback systems. Beam-beam effects and coherent beambeam instabilities were addressed separately and, therefore, are not included here.
An Integrated Multi-Functional Thermal Conductive and Flame Retardant Epoxy Composite with Functionalized Carbon Nitride Nanosheets

In miniaturized and integrated electronic devices, thermal potential and fire hazards caused by heat diffusion require an efficient thermal management system with versatile electronic packaging equipment. The flame retardancy was endowed on the surface of carbon nitride after thermal etching (CNNS) containing piperazine pyrophosphate (PPAP) by hydrogen bonding, and the obtained nanosheet was defined as PPAP-CNNS. During solution blending and program-controlled curing, PPAP-CNNS was used as a multifunctional filler to fabricate highly thermoconductive and fire retardant epoxy resin (EP) composites. In line with expectations, the resultant EP composites containing 7 wt% PPAP-CNNS had an exceptional thermal conductivity (TC) of 1.1 W·m−1K−1, which was 4.8 times higher than pure EP. Simultaneously, there was a sharp drop in the heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke production (TSP) compared to pure EP. These reductions were, respectively, 63.7%, 54.2%, 17.9%, and 57.2%. The addition of PPAP-CNNS increased the specific surface area, which increased the heat conduction routes, and also the shape of the compact and solid char layer during burning, protecting the underlying polymer. These improvements to dispersion and surface functionalization were made possible by the compound. These results indicate that the preparation of integrated multi-functional resin described in this study has a wide application.
Leptin, but not ghrelin, is associated with food addiction scores in a population-based subject sample

Background Ghrelin and leptin are both peptide hormones and act as opposing players in the regulation of hunger, satiety and energy expenditure. Leptin reduces appetite and feelings of hunger and is secreted mainly by adipocytes, while ghrelin increases appetite and food intake and reduces metabolic rate. Both hormones have been implicated in addictive disorders. Ghrelin was shown to have pro-addictive effects while leptin’s role in addiction yields more conflicting results. Their involvement in the regulation of both food intake and addictive behaviors make them interesting candidates when investigating the regulation of food addiction. However, only few human studies have been performed and large-scale studies are lacking to date. We aimed to investigate the association between total ghrelin and leptin serum levels with scores in the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS). Methods Subjects were recruited in the LIFE Adult cohort. 909 subjects were included in the analysis and we performed univariate multiple linear regression models, adjusted for age, sex (in total group analyses only), alcohol consumption, smoking status, BMI scores, cortisol concentrations, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) sum scores. The dependent variable was the YFAS score. Results In men, leptin serum levels showed a significant positive association (standardized β = 0.146; p = 0.012) with the YFAS score. This finding was confirmed in an extreme-group comparison: men in the highest quartile of leptin levels had significantly higher YFAS sum scores than men in the lowest quartile (1.55 vs. 1.18; p = 0.00014). There was no association with YFAS sum score in the total group (standardized β = −0.002; p = 0.974) or in women (standardized β = −0.034; p = 0.674). Total serum ghrelin showed no association with YFAS sum score neither in the total group (standardized β = −0.043; p = 0.196) nor in men (n = 530; standardized β = −0.063; p = 0.135) or women (n = 379; standardized β = −0.035; p = 0.494). Conclusion Our findings are in line with previous literature and suggest that total ghrelin serum levels are not associated with food addiction scores. Leptin had been previously shown to be associated with food addiction and we confirmed this finding for men in a large, population-based approach.
miR-430 microRNA Family in Fishes: Molecular Characterization and Evolution

Simple Summary MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and, in particular, the miR-430 family plays an important role in the early development of fishes. In this study we have observed that this family appeared early in the evolution of fishes and all the studied species have multiple copies of miR-430. In some fishes that diverged early on, we have found three different versions of miR-430, yet as fishes evolved over time, some groups seem to have lost some of these versions. These findings could lead to more studies on the different functions of these versions, which could be preserved in farmed species. This knowledge could help improve aquaculture methods. Abstract The miR-430 microRNA family has been described in multiple fish species as one of the first microRNAs expressed by the zygote. It has been suggested that this family is implicated in maternal mRNA elimination, but may also play a role in steroidogenesis, sexual differentiation, and flatfish metamorphosis. The miR-430 sequences have been found in multiple-copy tandem clusters but evidence of their conservation outside of teleost fishes is scarce. In the present study, we have characterized the tandem repeats organization of these microRNAs in different fish species, both model and of interest in aquaculture. A phylogenetic analysis of this family has allowed us to identify that the miR-430 duplication, which took place before the Chondrostei and Neopterygii groups’ divergence, has resulted in three variants (“a”, “b”, and “c”). According to our data, variant “b” is the most closely related to the ancestral sequence. Furthermore, we have detected isolated instances of the miR-430 repeat subunit in some species, which suggests that this microRNA family may be affected by DNA rearrangements. This study provides new data about the abundance, variability, and organization of the miR-430 family in fishes.
A Privacy-Preserving Time-Aware Method for Next POI Recommendation

Compared with traditional point-of-interest (POI) recommendation, next POI recommendation is more difficult and requires comprehensive consideration of users’ behavior patterns, spatial–temporal context, and other information. In addition, unreliable service providers may disclose the privacy of users when providing recommendation services. For next POI recommendation, a privacy-preserving time-aware recommendation method (PPTA-RM) is proposed in this paper. The PPTA-RM method is based on centralized differential privacy and combines coarse-grained recommendation with fine-grained recommendation. At the coarse-grained level, the users’ POI category preference is modeled by improved matrix factorization and predicted by singular spectrum analysis (SSA), and gradient perturbation is carried out during the matrix factorization process to protect the POI category preference of users. At the fine-grained level, the users’ POI preference is modeled and predicted by an improved hyperlink-induced topic search (HITS) algorithm, which considers the weighted combination of users’ social attributes and POI geographic distance attributes, and a privacy budget allocation strategy considering the visit count of POIs is designed to add Laplace noise to the check-in data of users. The experimental analysis on two real datasets shows that the proposed method improves F1-Score@10 by 0.4–21.8% under different privacy budgets, which validates that the proposed method holds the next POI recommendation accuracy better while preserving the user’s privacy.
Couples’ Joint Holdings and Real Earnings Management

The involvement of affinity in corporate governance will affect the strategic decision-making of enterprises. Based on the shareholding data of Chinese A-share-listed family firms from 2008 to 2021, this paper explores the impact of couples’ joint holdings on real earnings management. The study founds that compared with the family firm with a single shareholding of husband or wife, couples’ joint holdings positively affect real earnings management. Further analysis shows that in the case of poor company growth and two-job mergers, couples' joint holdings will exacerbate real earnings management; higher capital appropriation by major shareholders and higher management expense ratio contribute to the positive correlation between couples' joint holdings and real earnings management. This study has particular reference significance for the family firm to optimize the governance structure and improve accounting information quality under the husband-wife shared governance mode.
FRACTIONAL RESIDUAL PLOT FOR MODEL VALIDATION

A pairwise comparison is important to measure the goodness-of-fit of models. Error measurements are used for this purpose but it only limit to the value, thus a graph is used to help show the precision of the models. These two should show a tally result in order to defense the hypothesis correctly. In this study, a fractional residual plot is proposed to help showing the precision of forecasts. This plot improvises the scale of the graph by changing the scale into decimal ranging from -1 to 1. The closer the point to 0 will indicate that forecast is robust and value closer to -1 or 1 will indicate that the forecast is poor. Two error measurements which are mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and residual plot are used to justify the results and make comparison with the proposed fractional residual plot. Three difference data are used for this purpose and the results have shown that the fractional residual plot could give as much information as the residual plot but in an easier and meaningful way. In conclusion, the error plot is important in visualize the accurateness of the forecast.
Advanced 24-Sector Bus-Clamping PWM Techniques for Improved Performance of Split-Phase Induction Motor Drives

Advantages of a split-phase induction motor (SPIM), such as reduced torque pulsations, lower voltage rated power converters, higher torque per ampere and increased reliability, make it suitable for high-power variable-speed applications. Two advanced bus-clamping pulse width modulation (ABCPWM) techniques are proposed in this article for SPIM drives to enhance their performance further. These techniques employ special switching sequences which apply the null vector once and one of the active vectors twice in each sub-cycle. Stator flux ripple-based analysis brings out the superior performance of the proposed special sequences over the conventional sequences at high modulation indexes. Switching loss factor-based analysis shows that the inverter switching loss gets significantly reduced with the proposed PWM techniques at high power factors. Simulations and experiments on an 8 hp, 200 V, and 50 Hz SPIM drive show that the total harmonic distortion (THD) of stator current is reduced significantly at high speeds by the proposed PWM techniques at the same average switching frequency. In particular, one of the proposed techniques improves the no-load stator current THD by 32% at rated frequency, compared to a state-of-the-art space vector based PWM (SVPWM) technique.
Asymmetrical Modulation of the Relationship Between the Western Pacific Pattern and El Niño–Southern Oscillation by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation in the Boreal Winter

Tropical atmospheric convection generated by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) plays a crucial role in affecting the western Pacific pattern (WP) in the boreal winter by triggering an atmospheric teleconnection. Here we show from analysis of observations and model simulations that the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) asymmetrically modulates the relationship between ENSO and WP. We find a significant modulatory effect of AMO on the relationship between wintertime El Niño and WP. A robust El Niño−WP relation can be attributed to the negative AMO phase (−AMO), yet a weak relationship during the positive AMO phase (+AMO). In contrast, the relationship between La Niña and WP is independent of AMO modulation. Furthermore, during the −AMO period, stronger El Niño amplitudes lead to stronger atmospheric convection anomalies over the tropical western North Pacific, which excites stronger atmospheric teleconnection and thus has a more significant effect on WP than during the +AMO period.
Peierls barriers of a-type edge and screw dislocations moving on basal and prismatic planes in magnesium

Exact shape of Peierls barriers are calculated for ⟨a⟩ edge and screw dislocation gliding on basal and prismatic planes in magnesium by using of several popular interatomic potentials. Comparison of these potentials is performed in order to describe their abilities and limitations. Stability of different types of dislocation cores are analyzed as well as their mutual transformations during dislocation slip. It was found that the Peierls stresses and barrier height are dependent on core type. It was concluded that transformations of dislocation cores along minimal energy paths have to be taken into account for development of analytical models of the slip in magnesium. The results are compared with available first-principles calculations.
Automated system for detection and classification of cystoid macular oedema using OCT images

ABSTRACT Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive tool for imaging the cross-sectional view of the retina. Cystoid macular oedema (CME) is a pathological condition of the retina that can lead to significant visual impairment. In this paper, we propose an automated system for the detection and classification of CME. The first step includes pre-processing for the removal of speckle noise using edge preserving bilateral image filtering. Thereafter, four retinal layers (ILM, ELM, IS/OS and RPE) are segmented using graph cut theory. Macular thickness is measured for the detection of CME. The third step detects the presence of cystoid fluid inside the layers as positive CME cases followed by classification of CME. The algorithm is tested on 115 healthy and 115 CME-affected OCT images collected from publicly available and clinical databases. The proposed methodology shows promising results with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 95.81%, 98.73% and 98.12%, respectively.
A Cyclic Differentiable Manifold Representation of Redundant Manipulator Kinematics

An inverse kinematic mapping for redundant serial manipulators is presented at the configuration level, for which periodic manipulator operational trajectories map into periodic input trajectories; i.e., for which all serial manipulators are cyclic. The inverse mapping defines a differentiable manifold on which output and self-motion coordinates comprise operational coordinates that represent manipulator redundant degrees of freedom. The inverse mapping and differentiable manifold are defined in analytical form and a computational method for their evaluation is presented. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate validity of the formulation.
PERANCANGAN DASHBOARD UNTUK MEMANTAU KINERJA DOSEN FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DI UNIVERSITAS TARUMANAGARA

In every organization, it should be able to manage all processes quickly. Therefore, the institution monitors the entire process of lecturer performance so that it can achieve benefits and improve quality. This Dashboard design uses the prototyping method, by observing this information we can create a Web-based Dashboard to monitor the performance of the Faculty, using the UML method in system design and using mySql and Xampp to create a web-based Dashboard visualization. The results of making this Dashboard can provide ease in monitoring the overall performance of the FTI Faculty.
Applications of an efficient low-mach algorithm to basic variable density flows

Time-accurate simulations are more and more required (e.g. LES of reacting flows). The generally applied pressure-correction schemes can no longer be used, due to lack of stability. Instabilities arise when the density variations are too large. In many combustion applications, high density ratios appear (e.g. for methane-air combustion at atmospheric pressure, density ratios in the order of 10 near the flamefront are normal). Some tried to circumvent the stability problem by applying (unphysical) rescaling of the time derivative of the density [1]. In [2], we showed that, for a non-reacting flow, a good constraint for the velocity field can be formulated, such that the solution is stable. In [3] the propositions of [2] were extended towards non-premixed combustion simulations, making use of the mixture fraction as a conserved variable. A pressure-correction algorithm was obtained which (1) conserves mass, (2) conserves fuel mass and (3) is stable and robust, without the need for (unphysical) underrelaxation. These three properties are obtained by introduction of a chemical operator H C as ρ = HC(ρξ) (ρ: density, ξ: mixture fraction). In case of pure mixing, the operator is linear. In case of combustion, however, HC is highly nonlinear. A discrete equation for the pressure, follows from a constraint on the velocity field by combining the discrete equations of continuity and mixture fraction. Due to the nonlinearity of HC, a non-linear equation for the pressure is obtained, which can be linearized around the predicted solution for the velocity field (u ∗ ):
Shortest paths, Markov chains, matrix scaling and beyond : improved algorithms through the lens of continuous optimization

In this thesis, we build connections between classic methods from convex optimization and the modern toolkit from the fast Laplacian solver literature, in order to make progress on a number of fundamental algorithmic problems: ∙ We develop a faster algorithm for the unit capacity minimum cost flow problem, which encompasses the shortest path with negative weights and minimum cost bipartite perfect matching problems. In the case of sparse graphs, this provides the first running time improvement for these problems in over 25 years. ∙ We initiate the study of solving linear systems involving directed Laplacian matrices, and devise an almost-linear time algorithm for this task. This primitive enables us to also obtain almost-linear time algorithms for computing an entire host of quantities associated with Markov chains, such as stationary distributions, personalized PageRank vectors, hitting times, or escape probabilities. This significantly improves over the previous state-of-the-art, which was based on simulating random walks, or applying fast matrix multiplication. ∙ We develop faster algorithms for scaling and balancing nonnegative matrices, two fundamental problems in scientific computing, significantly improving over the previously known best running times. In particular, if the optimal scalings/balancings have polynomially bounded condition numbers, our algorithms run in nearly-linear time. Beyond that, we leverage and extend tools from convex geometry in order to design an algorithm for online pricing with nearly-optimal regret. We also use convex optimization to shed a new light on the approximate Carathéodory problem, for which we give a deterministic nearly-linear time algorithm, as well as matching lower bounds. Thesis Supervisor: Jonathan A. Kelner Title: Associate Professor of Applied Mathematics Thesis Supervisor: Aleksander Mądry Title: Assistant Professor of Computer Science
Synthesis of Novel Quinazolinone Analogues for Quorum Sensing Inhibition

As bacteria continue to develop resistance mechanisms against antimicrobials, an alternative method to tackle this global concern must be developed. As the pqs system is the most well-known and responsible for biofilm and pyocyanin production, quinazolinone inhibitors of the pqs system in P. aeruginosa were developed. Molecular docking following a rationalised medicinal chemistry approach was adopted to design these analogues. An analysis of docking data suggested that compound 6b could bind with the key residues in the ligand binding domain of PqsR in a similar fashion to the known antagonist M64. The modification of cyclic groups at the 3-position of the quinazolinone core, the introduction of a halogen at the aromatic core and the modification of the terminal group with aromatic and aliphatic chains were investigated to guide the synthesis of a library of 16 quinazolinone analogues. All quinazolinone analogues were tested in vitro for pqs inhibition, with the most active compounds 6b and 6e being tested for biofilm and growth inhibition in P. aeruginosa (PAO1). Compound 6b displayed the highest pqs inhibitory activity (73.4%, 72.1% and 53.7% at 100, 50 and 25 µM, respectively) with no bacterial growth inhibition. However, compounds 6b and 6e only inhibited biofilm formation by 10% and 5%, respectively.
Access Control Management System for Edge Computing Environment Using Tag‐Based Matching and Cache Injection

With increasing attention to the secondary use of data, privacy protection laws such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) have come into force to protect residents from unauthorized exploitation of personal data. Flow management is an effective method to track the distribution of user data in a multi‐domain network environment. Transparency in the relationship between data and service providers is essential to track the status of data provision. Vendor and Consumer Relationship Management (VCRM) manages this relationship by regulating relevant flow information. VCRM is expected to collaborate with the edge‐computing environment in the management of regional unit flow, wherein all access to personal user data should be restricted in accordance with the stakeholders' requests. Accordingly, this study proposes a packet processing function that collaborates with VCRM to manage the access control of flows passing through a regional network. Moreover, this paper proposes methods to reduce packet processing time on the switch, and requests to the switch controller. Using tag‐based matching and cache injection methods, the number of requests to the controller decreased to 33.4% of the original figure. Our proposed method also reduces the total processing time on flow management switches in the network environment in the analysis of encrypted TCP streams such as HTTP over TLS and MQTT over TLS. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.