Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Forced Choice Versus Open-Ended Assessments of Goal Orientations: A Descriptive Study

Resume L’objectif des etudes presentees ici etait double : (a) decrire le spectre des buts adoptes en education physique et (b) relier les mesures a choix force des orientations de buts a des mesures ouvertes qualitatives. Des eleves de classes elementaires (n = 139) et moyennes (n = 342) d’education physique ont participe aux deux etudes. Les resultats indiquent que (a) les buts de maitrise-approche contiennent de forts elements de buts sociaux, (b) les buts de maitrise-evitement sont non-existants, ce qui questionne leur presence en education physique, (c) les buts de performance-approche impliquent de forts elements de buts de maitrise-approche et de buts sociaux et (d) les buts de performance-evitement impliquent une forte frequence de buts de maitrise et de buts affectifs. La relation entre la selection de buts en choix force et leurs reponses aux questions ouvertes est plutot faible. Il est conclu qu’il est probable que des buts multiples soient en jeu dans les contextes d’accomplissement et que les chercheurs devraient s’interesser a leur combinaison de maniere a comprendre ce que les etudiants recherchent en termes d’accomplissement.
Raumergänzungen der Attribuierten Adjektive aus dem Partizip II

In this paper I tried to describe the semantice restriction of the derivation of the attributive adjectives from the past participle in German. The intransitive verbs with prepositional object representing the directionalmovement of theme arguments show various scalas of grammaticality. For instances, the attributive adjectives derived from the past participle of the intransitive verbs gefahren 'gone', gelaufen 'walked' in the nominal phrases der gefahrene Zug, der gelaufene Junge etc. are absolutely ungrammatical whereas the attributive adjectives derived from the past participle getreten, 'stepped', gestiegen, 'climbed' in the nominal phrases der ans Fenster getretene Dieb, der auf den Gipfel des Berges gestiegene Junge are more acceptable. The derivation of attributive adjectives derived from the past participle of the transtivie verbs gestellt, gelegt etc. in die in den Schrank gestellte Vase, die auf den Tisch gelegte Zeitung etc. give meaningful interpretations but somehow not quite acceptable. On the other hand the attributive adjectives angekommen, abgefahren in der in Heidelberg angekommene Linguist, der nach Hamburg abgefahrene Zug etc. and the attribubitve adjectives angebracht in das im Zimmer angebrachte Bild, each derived from the past participles of intransitive and transitive verbs respectively, are compretely grammatical. All of these phenomena of the acceptablilty problems are explained in this paper with a unified method, namely the time and space information concerning the state of affairs represended by the base verbs and the thematice roles of their arguments.
coreSNP: Parallel Processing of Microarray Data

The availability of high-throughput technologies, such as next generation sequencing and microarray, and the diffusion of genomics studies to large populations are producing an increasing amount of experimental data. In particular, pharmacogenomics studies the impact of genetic variation on drug response in patients and correlates gene expression or single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the toxicity or efficacy of a drug, with the aim to improve drug therapy with respect to the patients' genotype ensuring maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. However, the storage, preprocessing, and analysis of experimental data are becoming a main bottleneck in the pharmacogenomics analysis pipeline, due to the increasing number of genes and patients investigated. This paper presents a new parallel software tool named coreSNP for the parallel preprocessing and statistical analysis of DMET (Drug Metabolism Enzymes and Transporters) SNP microarray data produced by Affymetrix for pharmacogenomics studies. The scalable multi-threaded implementation of coreSNP allows to handle the huge volumes of experimental pharmacogenomics data in a very efficient way, while its easy to use graphical user interface and its ability to annotate significant SNPs allow biologists to interpret the results easily. Performance evaluation conducted using real datasets shows good speed-up and scalability and effective response times.
Identification of an env G subtype and heterogeneity of HIV‐1 strains in the Russian Federation and Belarus

ObjectiveTo identify HIV-1 envelope sequence subtypes in infected individuals from the Russian Federation and Belarus. PatientsA cohort of children infected after exposure to non-sterile needles during the 1988–1989 HIV-1 epidemic in southern Russia (n = 20) and HIV-1-seropositive individuals from Russia (n = 1) and Belarus (n = 7) infected via sexual transmission. MethodsDNA samples derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analysed for their HIV-1 genotypes by the heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA). The 1.3 kilobase-pair env gene fragments encoding a portion of gp120 were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction, cloned and sequenced. The env sequences derived from these patients were aligned and phylogenetic neighbour-joining and maximum parsimony-derived trees generated. ResultsThe env sequences derived from eight individuals infected in Russia and Belarus belong to subtype A (one), B (four), C (two), and D (one). Sequences derived from children, infected during parenteral manipulations in southern Russia, and one mother were closely related, but highly divergent, as a group, from all prototypic strains (genetic divergence, 17.2–22.9%). However, they clustered together with env sequences of the V1525 and LBV21–7 isolates from Gabon, recently described to be members of a new HIV-1 env subtype G. ConclusionExtensive heterogeneity of HIV-1 subtypes was evident in the Russian Federation and Belarus. Our data also support the existence of an HIV-1 env genetic subtype G, and such isolates are now apparently present on both the African and European continents. These variants were identified through V3 peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay screening and subsequent HMA analysis. The combination of these techniques represents a model for screening HIV variants within a large population.
Rapprochement de données pour la reconnaissance d'entités dans les documents océrisés. (Data matching for entity recognition in ocred documents)

Cette these traite de la reconnaissance d'entites dans les documents ocerises guidee par une base de donnees. Une entite peut etre, par exemple, une entreprise decrite par son nom, son adresse, son numero de telephone, son numero TVA, etc. ou des meta-donnees d'un article scientifique tels que son titre, ses auteurs et leurs affiliations, le nom de son journal, etc. Disposant d'un ensemble d'entites structurees sous forme d'enregistrements dans une base de donnees et d'un document contenant une ou plusieurs de ces entites, nous cherchons a identifier les entites contenues dans le document en utilisant la base de donnees. Ce travail est motive par une application industrielle qui vise l'automatisation du traitement des images de documents administratifs arrivant en flux continu. Nous avons aborde ce probleme comme un probleme de rapprochement entre le contenu du document et celui de la base de donnees. Les difficultes de cette tâche sont dues a la variabilite de la representation d'attributs d'entites dans la base et le document et a la presence d'attributs similaires dans des entites differentes. A cela s'ajoutent les redondances d'enregistrements et les erreurs de saisie dans la base de donnees et l'alteration de la structure et du contenu du document, causee par l'OCR. Devant ces problemes, nous avons opte pour une demarche en deux etapes : la resolution d'entites et la reconnaissance d'entites. La premiere etape consiste a coupler les enregistrements se referant a une meme entite et a les synthetiser dans un modele entite. Pour ce faire, nous avons propose une approche supervisee basee sur la combinaison de plusieurs mesures de similarite entre attributs. Ces mesures permettent de tolerer quelques erreurs sur les caracteres et de tenir compte des permutations entre termes. La deuxieme etape vise a rapprocher les entites mentionnees dans un document avec le modele entite obtenu. Nous avons procede par deux manieres differentes, l'une utilise le rapprochement par le contenu et l'autre integre le rapprochement par la structure. Pour le rapprochement par le contenu, nous avons propose deux methodes : M-EROCS et ERBL. M-EROCS, une amelioration/adaptation d'une methode de l'etat de l'art, consiste a faire correspondre les blocs de l'OCR avec le modele entite en se basant sur un score qui tolere les erreurs d'OCR et les variabilites d'attributs. ERBL consiste a etiqueter le document par les attributs d'entites et a regrouper ces labels en entites. Pour le rapprochement par les structures, il s'agit d'exploiter les relations structurelles entre les labels d'une entite pour corriger les erreurs d'etiquetage. La methode proposee, nommee G-ELSE, consiste a utiliser le rapprochement inexact de graphes attribues modelisant des structures locales, avec un modele structurel appris pour cet objectif. Cette these etant effectuee en collaboration avec la societe ITESOFT-Yooz, nous avons experimente toutes les etapes proposees sur deux corpus administratifs et un troisieme corpus extrait du Web
TGFβ‐mediated RhoA expression is necessary for epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in the embryonic chick heart

Endothelia in the atrioventricular canal (AVC) of the embryonic heart undergo an epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migrate into the underlying extracellular matrix. We explore here whether RhoA mediates this EMT. RhoA was detected in all cells of the chick heart during the stages studied. Expression was elevated when EMT was actively occurring. Explants treated with C3 exoenzyme in collagen gel cultures showed a significant decrease in mesenchymal cell numbers. siRNA was used to inhibit RhoA mRNA, and both activated endothelial and mesenchymal cells decreased significantly with treatment. Loss of RhoA produced a reduction of RhoB, cyclin‐b2, and β‐catenin messages showing that these genes are regulated downstream of RhoA. In contrast, runx‐2 was not reduced. Inhibition of TGFβ3 or TGFβ2 activity caused a large reduction of RhoA message. These data place RhoA in TGFβ regulated pathways for both endothelial activation and mesenchymal invasion and demonstrate a functional requirement during EMT. Developmental Dynamics 235:1589–1598, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimization of Collaborative Filtering Systems

A collaborative filtering system (CFS) makes recommendations to users via the similarity and proximity between the profiles and taking into account their historical valuations. In contrast to most of the CFS, which are based on the approach-based users, we adopt the approach based items to improve the quality of recommendation, this process seems flexible and allowed us to integrate other sources of information while making the calculation mode off-line, and then to improve performance and reduce the inconvenience of the lack evaluation, we used the semantic layer objects such as metadata and semantic relationships between items, finally we explored the technique LSI (Latent Semantic Indexing) to reduce the complexity of algorithm and identify the items most corollas. A set of real MovieLens test has been used for experimental tests.
Pathological features of different sizes of nickel oxide following intratracheal instillation in rats

Focusing on the “size” impact of particles, the objective of this study was to analyze morphological and qualitative changes over time in the development of inflammation and collagen deposition in lung tissue after intratracheal instillation of two sizes of nickel oxide in rats, in comparison with the results of instillation of crystalline silica and titanium dioxide. The fine-sized nickel oxide sample (nNiOm: median diameter of agglomerated particles 0.8 μm) was prepared from crude particles of nickel oxide (median diameter of primary particle 27 nm) by liquid-phase separation. Another samples of micrometer-sized nickel oxide (NiO: median diameter of particles 4.8 μm), crystalline silica (Min-U-SIL-5; geometric mean diameter 1.6 μm, geometric standard deviation [GSD] 2.0), and TiO2 (geometric mean diameter 1.5 μm, GSD 1.8) were also used. Well-sonicated samples of 2 mg per 0.4 ml saline or saline alone (control) were intratracheally instilled into Wistar rats (males, 10 wk old). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL)F and lung tissue were examined at 3 days, 1 wk, 1 mo, 3 mo, and 6 mo after instillation, from 5 rats of each group. Histopathological findings showed that the infiltration of macrophages or polymorphonuclear cells and the alveolitis in rats treated with nNiOm were remarkable over time and similar to the effects of crystalline silica. The numbers of total cells in BALF and the percentage of plymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) also increased in the nNiOm group and silica group. The point counting method (PCM) showed a significant increase of inflammatory area, with the peak at 3 mo after instillation in the nNiOm group. In contrast, NiO treatment showed only a slight inflammatory change. Collagen deposition in two regions in the lung tissue (alveolar duct and pleura) showed an increasing collagen deposition rate in nNiOm at 6 mo. Our results suggest that submicrometer nano-nickel oxide is associated with greater toxicity, as for crystalline silica, than micrometer-sized nickel oxide. Biological effects of factors of particle size reduction, when dealing with finer particles such as nanoparticles, were reconfirmed to be important in the evaluation of respirable particle toxicity.
A Two-Step Method for Real-Time Needle Tracking in MRI Images

Needle segmentation is vital in MRI-guided robotic brain and neural surgeries as it provides essential navigation information. Tracking the needle in real-time MRI scanning images presents significant challenges. In this research, we proposed a two-step method to implement precise needle segmentation in MRI images, specifically designed for time-sensitive applications. The first step employed a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based model to trim the original image, extracting a smaller fixed-size cropping that contains all relevant needle features. In the second step, a segmentation model integrating U-Net with a ResNet module and attention mechanism was utilized. This model processed the cropped image and generated accurate needle segmentations, along with needle axis orientations. Our proposed method achieved a mean tip location error measured at 1.407 pixels, while the mean axial direction error was 1.353 degrees. These results highlighted the method's effectiveness and potential contributions to real-time medical image analysis, as well as its potential to support diverse interventional procedures and clinical applications.
An Investigation of the Relationship Between Automated Machine Translation Evaluation Metrics and User Performance on an Information Extraction Task

Abstract : This dissertation applies nonparametric statistical techniques to Machine Translation (MT) Evaluation using data from a MT Evaluation experiment conducted through a joint Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and Center for the Advanced Study of Language (CASL) project. In particular, the relationship between humantask performance on an information extraction task with translated documents and well-known automated translation evaluation metric scores for those documents is studied. Findings from a correlation analysis of the connection between autometrics and task-based metrics are presented and contrasted with current strategies for evaluating translations. A novel idea for assessing partial rank correlation within the presence of grouping factors is also introduced. Lastly, this dissertation presents a framework for task-based machine translation (MT) evaluation and predictive modeling of task responses that gives new information about the relative predictive strengths of the different autometrics (and re-coded variants of them) within the statistical Generalized Linear Models developed in analyses of the Information Extraction Task data. This work shows that current autometrics are inadequate with respect to the prediction of task performance but, near adequacy can be accomplished through the use of re-coded autometrics in a logistic regression setting. As a result, a class of automated metrics that are best suitable for predicting performance is established and suggestions are offered about how to utilize metrics to supplement expensive and time-consuming experiments with human participants. Now users can begin to tie the intrinsic automated metrics to the extrinsic metrics for task they perform. The bottom line is that there is a need to average away MT dependence (averaged metrics perform better in overall predictions than original autometrics). Moreover, combinations of recoded metrics performed better than any individual metric.
The Study of Latin American "Racial Formations": Different Approaches and Different Contexts

REPUBLIC. By David Howard. (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2001. Pp. 227. $49.95 cloth, $19.95 paper.) RACE AND POLITICS IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. By Ernesto Sagas. (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2000. Pp. 164. $49.95 cloth.) A NATION FOR ALL: RACE, INEQUALITY, AND POLITICS IN TWENTIETHCENTURY CUBA. By Alejandro de la Fuente. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001. Pp. 449. $55.00 cloth, $19.95 paper.) DREAMING EQUALITY: COLOR, RACE, AND RACISM IN URBAN BRAZIL. By Robin E. Sheriff. (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2001. Pp. 264. $22.00 paper.)
Refocusing College Choice: Women’s Reflections on Their Postsecondary Education Choices

College choice is often tied to persistence and it emphasizes how family background affects both enrollment in higher education and persistence to degree. Despite extensive research related to both access to higher education and choice processes, there is still much to be learned about students’ postsecondary decisions. This qualitative study analyzed interview data from female participants regarding their educational choices to increase an understanding of the postsecondary education decision-making process. Family culture, parental involvement, and community setting interacted with social class to influence participants’ ideas about higher education and the enactment of these ideas. The study illuminates the need for further exploration of the role predisposition plays in the college choice process.
Game preferences and personality of older adult users

To improve engagement needed for long-term adherence to telemedicine services for elderly users, we need methods to design effective and tailored gamification. This study explores the relation between personality (based on the Five Factor Model) and game preference (based on the Five Domains of Play theory) to enable creation of such a method, by means of a user classification targeting the older adult user. From preliminary results, in a study with 12 participants aged 65-75 years, we observe no significant correlations between personality and game preference. The participants have a strong preference for a game containing novel content. This study provides us with information on the older adult to create a method for developing tailored gamified content based on game preferences.
The Effect of the Family on the Emotional Life of Ethiopian Immigrant Adolescents in Boarding Schools in Israel

ABSTRACT This study examines the relationship between the family functioning of adolescent Ethiopian immigrants, as assessed by father, mother, and adolescent, and their school performance as evaluated by their teachers. Forty adolescents were randomly selected from all the 15–18-year-old students, with intact families, studying in boarding schools in the northern part of Israel. The students and their parents were given the FACES III (Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales) to determine family cohesion and adaptability. Teachers were approached to determine the adolescents' success in school achievement, personal relations with peers and school teachers, and predisposition to somatization and mood fluctuations. Results show that there was no relationship between family functioning and school achievement or personal relations with peers and school teachers. However, a strong relationship between fathers' and mothers' perceptions of family adaptability and cohesion was found, with most families.
PERSONALIZED CAMPAIGNS IN PARTY-CENTRED POLITICS

Social media like Facebook and Twitter place the focus on the individual politician rather than the political party, thereby expanding the political arena for increased for personalized campaigning. The need to use social media to communicate a personal image as a politician and to post personalized messages online seems less obvious in a party-centred system such as the Norwegian. Within this framework, the personalized and dialogical aspects of social media may be contradicted by the political parties' structural communication strategies. The article uses data from interviews and status updates from two Norwegian election campaigns and asks for what purposes Norwegian politicians use social media as a tool for political communication. The findings show that politicians' report both marketing and dialogue with voters as motives for their social media use and their practices varied, too. Politicians' reported motive to use social media for marketing purposes was reflected in their actual use. The preferred social media platform for marketing purposes was Facebook. Twitter was more used for continuous dialogue compared to Facebook. Social media marketing was personalized and involved private exposure and individual initiatives. The article concludes by indicating hypotheses and need for further research.
Parallel Communicating Graph Grammar

In a Parallel Communicating Grammar System the components of a grammar system can also work in parallel (each having its own rewriting form) and communicate to each other in some way(sending the currently generated resultant graph to other components). In this paper we define parallel communicating edNCE graph grammar and parallel communicating ETPL(k) graph grammar. We present the condition to determine the parsing of a parallel communicating NCE graph grammar. PCedNCE graph grammar is found to be powerful than PCETPL(k) graph grammar.
Arabic Text Question Answering from an Answer Retrieval Point of View: a survey

Arabic Question Answering (QA) is gaining more importance due to the importance of the language and the dramatic increase in online Arabic content. The goal of this article is to review the state-of-the-art of Arabic QA methods, to classify them into different categories from an answer retrieval viewpoint and to present their applications, issues and new trends. The main components of question answering systems are also presented. Finally, this survey provides a comparative study of systems of each type of QA based on several criteria.