Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of intersexual conflict over precopulatory mate guarding in two populations of the isopod Idotea baltica


Aggressiveness during intersexual conflicts is predicted to depend on its costs, the value of winning and the power asymmetry of the contestants, all of which may vary between populations. In the marine isopod Idotea baltica (Pallas) a conflict occurs as females resist the attempts by males to start precopulatory mate guarding. We analysed contest dynamics with respect to female maturity stage, that is, to time left to reproductive moult, with which the payoffs of guarding for males and females change. We did this in two populations that differ in synchrony of reproduction, sex ratio and the degree of sexual dimorphism. The intensity and dynamics of contests differed between populations: in the more size-dimorphic population, females, the smaller sex, resisted less by forceful flexing but more by hooking their body than in the other population. Male aggressiveness stayed at a constant level with respect to female maturity. In the less size-dimorphic population, female resistance by flexing was intense and it decreased, while male persistence increased, with the approaching reproductive moult. Contests were more intense with small than with large males. These results fit well with the predictions from models of conflict behaviour. Assessment of the payoffs of winning versus contest costs, coadaptation of the level of aggressiveness to the other traits affecting contest outcome, and counteradaptations by the sexes to each other largely explain the dynamics and between-population differences of these contests. Copyright 2000 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
Easy tactile feedback at bargain basement prices

Constructing a tactile feedback device can be expensive and often requires extensive expertise. We have created a simple tactile feedback device which can be built, for under $30, by anyone with a basic understanding of electronics. The results of subjects performing a simple pulse counting task suggest that the feedback generated by it can be used effectively. We therefore believe that the device has potential to enhance user interfaces.
Resource bisimilarity and g -bisimilarity coincide

Resource bisimilarity has been proposed in the literature on concurrency theory as a notion of bisimilarity over labelled transition systems that takes into account the number of choices that a system has. Indepen-dently, g -bisimilarity has been deﬁned over Kripke models as a suitable notion of bisimilarity for graded modal logic. This note shows that these two notions of bisimilarity coincide over image-ﬁnite Kripke frames.
A new model for classifying social media users according to their behaviors

User generated content in online social media is growing rapidly, which makes it hard to be validated and verified. Facebook and Twitter are the most popular social media that are being used as a means of social communication and sharing thoughts, knowledge and even news. Information in these social networks can be generated by anyone from anywhere in anytime. Classifying such huge information using traditional data mining classification algorithms is time consuming task which needs huge processing and memory space. In this paper, we propose a new threshold-based approach for classifying information in social network that can give accurate result similar to support vector machine (SVM) with less processing time and consuming less memory space compare to SVM. We applied our experiment on Twitter accounts by monitoring KSU, SPP_KSU and SSS_KSU followers' accounts and compare our results with SVM results that applied by Research Chair of Pervasive and Mobile Computing (CPMC) in KSU on the same followers' accounts.
Cytokines and arachidonic metabolites produced during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected macrophage-astroglia interactions: implications for the neuropathogenesis of HIV disease

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of brain macrophages and astroglial proliferation are central features of HIV-induced central nervous system (CNS) disorders. These observations suggest that glial cellular interactions participate in disease. In an experimental system to examine this process, we found that cocultures of HIV-infected monocytes and astroglia release high levels of cytokines and arachidonate metabolites leading to neuronotoxicity. HIV-1ADA-infected monocytes cocultured with human glia (astrocytoma, neuroglia, and primary human astrocytes) synthesized tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) as assayed by coupled reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and biological activity. The cytokine induction was selective, cell specific, and associated with induction of arachidonic acid metabolites. TNF-beta, IL-1 alpha, IL-6, interferon alpha (IFN-alpha), and IFN-gamma were not produced. Leukotriene B4, leukotriene D4, lipoxin A4, and platelet-activating factor were detected in large amounts after high-performance liquid chromatography separation and correlated with cytokine activity. Specific inhibitors of the arachidonic cascade markedly diminished the cytokine response suggesting regulatory relationships between these factors. Cocultures of HIV-infected monocytes and neuroblastoma or endothelial cells, or HIV-infected monocyte fluids, sucrose gradient-concentrated viral particles, and paraformaldehyde-fixed or freeze-thawed HIV-infected monocytes placed onto astroglia failed to induce cytokines and neuronotoxins. This demonstrated that viable monocyte-astroglia interactions were required for the cell reactions. The addition of actinomycin D or cycloheximide to the HIV-infected monocytes before coculture reduced, > 2.5-fold, the levels of TNF-alpha. These results, taken together, suggest that the neuronotoxicity associated with HIV central nervous system disorders is mediated, in part, through cytokines and arachidonic acid metabolites, produced during cell-to- cell interactions between HIV-infected brain macrophages and astrocytes.
Study of environmental condition using wavelet decomposition based on infrared image

In this paper, we report our experiment about wavelet decomposition for study environmental condition based on infrared images. Infrared images acquired by consumer digital camera, after replacing the infrared stoping filter with filter SRS, and the images captured sequentially every two hours (from 06:00-16:00). The result of this research is the increasing air pollution characterized using wavelet decomposition by increasing index value from 0-3 and amount of white spots about 60% (from 5%-65%). Finally wavelet decomposition was made to estimate the environmental condition, especially air pollution, based on infrared image.
Objective and subjective image quality measures of medical screen-film systems

Image quality of Lanex Regular/T Mat G and Lanex Regular/T Mat L screen-film systems was measured objectively by means of noise equivalent quanta (NEQ) and subjectively by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to study the link between the two measures. For the objective measure, uniformly exposed radiographs and radiographs of bar pattern test object were used to determine the NEQ. For the subjective measure, detection of simulated lesions in posteroanterior anthropomorphic chest radiographs by an observer was analysed by the ROC methodology. Both measures show that a low frequency signal shows better on Lanex Regular/T Mat L, whilst a high frequency signal shows better on Lanex Regular/T Mat G.
Cutting Edge: Mucosal Application of a Lyophilized Viral Vector Vaccine Confers Systemic and Protective Immunity toward Intracellular Pathogens

A major problem of current vaccines is storage stability, often requiring strict maintenance of cold chains. In the course of the eradication of smallpox, a freeze-dried vaccinia virus (Dryvax), which proved to be very stable, was used to overcome this limitation. However, Dryvax needs to be reconstituted before usage and is administered using a bifurcated needle, procedures that pose a number of additional health risks. We report in this study that a stable, lyophilized, modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vaccine can be directly applied to the nostrils of mice without previous reconstitution. This direct mucosal application induced systemic Ab and T cell responses comparable to those achieved by i.m. administration. Importantly, mucosal application of lyophilized MVA induced long-lasting protective immunity against lethal bacterial and viral challenges. These data clearly demonstrate the potency of a simple needle-free vaccination, combining the advantages of mucosal application with the stability and efficiency of lyophilized MVA.
Analysis on Unit Commitment Using Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization for Thermal Units

Unit commitment might be a advanced deciding method because of multiple constraints that ought to not be desecrated whereas finding the most effective or near best commitment schedule. This paper discusses the appliance of genetic formula and Particle swarm optimisation to figure out the short term commitment order of thermal units in power generation. the target of the most effective commitment is to figure out the on / off states of the units inside the system to satisfy the load demand and spinning reserve demand at on each occasion quantity, nominative the worth of generation is cut , whereas satisfying varied operational constraints. This paper examines the practicability of victimization genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimisation, and report preliminary finally ends up in determinant a detailed to best commitment order of thermal units in a {very} very take a glance at grid.
A Probabilistic Approach to Structural Change Prediction in Evolving Social Networks

We propose a predictive model of structural changes in elementary sub graphs of social network based on Mixture of Markov Chains. The model is trained and verified on a dataset from a large corporate social network analyzed in short, one day-long time windows, and reveals distinctive patterns of evolution of connections on the level of local network topology. We argue that the network investigated in such short timescales is highly dynamic and therefore immune to classic methods of link prediction and structural analysis, and show that in the case of complex networks, the dynamic sub graph mining may lead to better prediction accuracy. The experiments were carried out on the logs from the Wroclaw University of Technology mail server.
Collages as Dynamic Summaries of Mined Video Content for Intelligent Multimedia Knowledge Management

The video collage is a novel and effective interface for dynamically summarizing and presenting mined multimedia information from video collections. It provides a flexible mechanism for inferring knowledge and trailing analytic thoughts, which are the essential tasks in multimedia knowledge management. We will describe multimedia knowledge management, discuss how collages are automatically produced, illustrate their use for multimedia knowledge management, and evaluate their effectiveness as summaries across news stories. Collages are presentations of text and images extracted from multiple video sources. They provide an interactive visualization for a set of analyzed video documents, summarizing their contents and offering a navigation aid for further exploration. The dynamic creation of collages is based on user context, e.g., an originating query, coupled with automatic processing to refine the candidate imagery. Named entity identification and common phrase extraction provides associative textual description. The dynamic manipulation of collages allows user-directed filtering as well as revealing additional details and previously undiscovered content. The utility of collages as summaries is examined with respect to other published news summaries.
Phase-Shift Interleaving Control of Variable-Phase Switched-Capacitor Converters

This paper proposes a phase-shift interleaving control method for variable-phase switched-capacitor (SC) converters that can perform voltage conversions with little electromagnetic interference over a wide range of operating condition. This is achieved by having multiple units of SC converter connected in parallel and an N-state hysteresis unit selection control scheme which works along the interleaving control to vary the number of converters in operation. By having the capacitors of inactive units connected to the output and the converters operating with output interleaving operation, the output capacitor that is typically required in SC converters for maintaining a small voltage ripple is made redundant in this configuration. A three-unit SC converter of the proposed configuration is described in this paper. Experimental results show that the proposed solution works satisfactorily with good regulation, input and output interleaving operations, and dynamic response for a wide operating range.
Apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells: involvement in resolution of biliary fibrosis and regulation by soluble growth factors

BACKGROUND Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are central to the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, both as a source of fibrillar collagens that characterise fibrosis and matrix degrading metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors, the TIMPs. AIMS To test the hypothesis that HSC apoptosis is critical to recovery from biliary fibrosis and that soluble growth factors may regulate HSC survival and apoptosis. METHODS Rats (n=15) were subjected to bile duct ligation for 21 days, after which biliodigestive anastomosis was undertaken (n=13). Livers were harvested at fixed time points of recovery for periods of up to 42 days. Numbers of activated HSCs were quantified after α smooth muscle actin staining and HSC apoptosis was detected by terminal UDP-nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining and quantified at each time point. HSC apoptosis was quantified in vitro in the presence or absence of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-2, platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), and transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1). RESULTS Following biliodigestive anastomosis after 21 days of bile duct ligation, rat liver demonstrated a progressive resolution of biliary fibrosis over 42 days, associated with a fivefold decrease in activated HSC determined by α smooth muscle actin staining. TUNEL staining indicated that loss of activated HSC resulted from an increase in the rate of apoptosis during the first two days post biliodigestive anastomosis. Serum deprivation and culture in the presence of 50 μM cycloheximide was associated with an increase in HSC apoptosis which was significantly inhibited by addition of 10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml IGF-1, respectively (0.05>p, n=5). In contrast, 1 and 10 ng/ml of TGF-β1 caused a significant increase in HSC apoptosis compared with serum free controls (p<0.05, n=4). PDGF and IGF-2 were neutral with respect to their effect on HSC apoptosis. CONCLUSION HSC apoptosis plays a critical role in the spontaneous recovery from biliary fibrosis. Both survival and apoptosis of HSC are regulated by growth factors expressed during fibrotic liver injury.
Modified autonomy oriented computing based network immunization by considering betweenness centrality

As many people rely on Internet and mobile phone for many applications, it is very crucial for society. Networks, formed by the connection of devices following some relationships among users, provide good platforms for virus spread. Viruses can cause data leakage and can even jam wireless services by sending thousands of Spam messages, and reduce the quality of voice communication. In order to protect devices from virus attack several immunization methods are used, where some nodes in a network are immunized so that they cannot be infected by a virus. Due to high cost of immunization, the main aim of immunization becomes how to immunize a small or minimum number of important nodes in order to prevent a virus from spreading to major parts of the network. Most of the immunization methods are executed in centralized and static networks but in actual situation computer networks are decentralized, dynamic and scalable in nature. In the method discussed here some entities are deployed into the network, these entities interact with each other to locate highly connected nodes. The goal of this work is to implement modified AOC based immunization by considering betweenness centrality and analyze its results on different network topology.
A Regularized Recommendation Algorithm with Probabilistic Sentiment-Ratings

Recommender systems (RS) provide personalized suggestions based on users' past behavior and/or similarities between users' and products' profiles. Although we observed a high interest in the research community over RS algorithms these commonly overlook users' opinions. In this paper, we research the inclusion of sentiment knowledge in RS to improve the overall quality of recommendations. In contrast to similar approaches, we propose a matrix factorization with a new factor to regularize probabilistic ratings. A sentiment analysis algorithm implementing a multiple Bernoulli classification computes these probabilistic ratings. The combination of a regularization factor with probabilistic ratings offers a general framework capable of embedding multiple sources into a theoretical well-founded matrix factorization algorithm. Experiments show that with an evaluation on a dataset with 1.7 million reviews we have successfully introduced a novel approach to incorporate on a RS with inferred rating based in a sentiment analysis framework. Also, replacing explicit ratings by probabilistic inferred ratings the RS performance improves, thus, our proposed framework is able to better accommodate the uncertainty of users explicit rating.
Christopher Pollitt: Lessons and memories

It was a great privilege yet with sadness that I was persuaded by the Editor of this journal to write these ‘in memoriam’ notes about Professor Christopher Pollitt. He was a colleague who contributed to so many disciplines, including not only evaluation, but also public management, comparative public policy and political science. I must therefore first explain to the reader where my observations and memories come from and the intent behind this piece. I am a political scientist and public policy scholar rather than a professional evaluator, or university-based researcher intimately familiar with cutting-edge, forward-looking debates on evaluation that this journal hosts. As well as drawing on his work I met Christopher Pollitt at conferences and at policy and governance-related events at the OECD, giving me an opportunity to observe his distinctive professional stance at first hand. Thus, my memories of Christopher and the lessons I draw from his scholarly and professional work are coloured by my perspective as a social scientist living near the world of evaluation, but not within it. And perhaps this is a good point to start with, because Christopher Pollitt was indeed someone who contributed to evaluation with a 360-degree vision. The vision for (and the analysis of) evaluation research we find in his work is anchored to a deep comparative understanding of policy processes, management reforms and public organizations. For me, Christopher Pollitt’s first lesson is that evaluation and political science (broadly defined) need to learn from each other. The world of evaluation is the place where the debates on the ontology, causation and outcomes of knowledge utilization have made considerable progress. Contrast this state of play within evaluation with the excessively abstract and indeterminate approach to ideas of most political scientists (Kamkhaji and Radaelli, 2018). At the same time, we cannot think of evaluation as a self-defined activity or task – we need to open up our peripheral vision to theories of the policy process – and on these theories political scientists have invested considerable intellectual energy (Weible and Sabatier, 2017). Another remark: since the pioneering work of Carol Weiss, we know that evaluation research benefits from considering public organizations endogenous to its explanatory models, rather than looking at institutions as ‘exogenous places’ where the demand for evaluation appears. Here the immense scholarship of Professor Pollitt sheds light on how to ‘endogenize’ the political and administrative context, as well as pointing to deeply rooted ideas about various variants of evaluation in reform paradigms such as the new public management. Christopher was never content with simply saying that every social scientific enterprise (evaluation obviously being one) has to be situated in context. ‘Context matters’ is what most of us repeat every day in class and write in our articles. It has now perhaps become one of those 803985 EVI0010.1177/1356389018803985EvaluationRadaelli: Christopher Pollitt other2018
The CREB/CREM Transcription Factors Negatively Regulate Early Synaptogenesis and Spontaneous Network Activity

The family of CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) transcription factors are involved in a variety of biological processes including the development and plasticity of the nervous system. In the maturing and adult brain, CREB genes are required for activity-dependent processes, including synaptogenesis, refinement of connections and long-term potentiation. Here, we use CREB1NescreCREM−/− (cAMP-responsive element modulator) mutants to investigate the role of these genes in stimulus-independent patterns of neural activity at early stages. We show that lack of CREB/CREM genes specifically in neural tissue leads to increased synaptogenesis and to a dramatic increase in the levels of spontaneous network activity at embryonic stages. Thus, the functions of CREB/CREM genes in neural activity differ in distinct periods of neural development.
A study on Need patterns of Junior College Students in Telangana State With respect To Selected Variables

A need is something that is necessary for an organism to stay a healthy life. Wishes are prominent from need in that, in the case of a need, a deficiency reasons a clean unfavorable outcome: a disorder or loss of life. There are also wishes of a social or societal nature. The study was to examine the need patterns followed by the junior college students. Further, an extensive effort was done to study the gender differences in need patterns used by the students. Need for affiliation is concerned with the establishment maintenance or restoration of positive relationship with other people. People who have high affiliation motivation (a) strive for friendship (b) Prefer to participate in collaborative situations (c) seek intimacy and mutual understanding with other. This study was conducted adopted simple random sampling method to select the sample of the study from the population. The present simple consists of 1000 junior college students, selected by simple random method from five districts of Telangana State were collected from study population of junior college students using the random sampling method. To know the opinions of junior college students and their need patterns the researcher adopted the standard tool containing 30 items for depending variable. Need pattern scale is a questionnaire developed to measure different needs of engineers and professionals in business and industry. The test consists of thirty items and takes about 10-15 minutes. A group of 20 psychologists, senior academicians and HR professionals analyzed each item, on the basis of which 20 items were dropped on which the judges had difference of opinion. After this, a preliminary draft of 110 items were prepared. Each item in the draft was to be responded in terms of YES or NO. This was administered on a sample of 450 professionals and analyzed in a systematic way.