Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transthoracic cardiac stimulation thresholds for short pulses

The most common cause of death due to electric shock is ventricular fibrillation (VF). This work reviews applicable results from the literature and provides an estimation model for the risk of VF with short-duration pulses. Methods and Results - For 1 ms pulses, the predicted current and charge thresholds required for successful transthoracic cardiac stimulation were 1.12 A and 1.12 mC, respectively. For pulses of 0.1 ms durations, the transthoracic current and charge thresholds predicted by the model are 10.9 A and 1.09 mC, respectively. Conclusion - In humans, the charge required for single-response cardiac capture using transthoracic electrodes and 0.1 ms pulses is at least 0.5 mC. The transthoracic charge required to trigger repetitive ventricular responses in humans is at least several times higher than that for single responses. Hence, in adult humans, the transthoracic charge threshold required to induce repetitive ventricular responses, tachycardia, or fibrillation, with 0.1 ms pulses is expected to be significantly greater than 1 mC.
PEARL: Probing Entity Aggregation in Real Life

The classical approach for predicting tubercles bacillus (TB) prevalence falls in the partial differential equation (PDE) framework, which is essentially equal to the assumption of uniform random interaction network among people. The assumption, however, conflicts with common knowledge that some people interacts with many partners while others interact with limited partners. To accurately capture the interaction patterns among people, a mobile-based system called PEARL is proposed in this study. PEARL utilizes the characteristic that Bluetooth device has an effective range of ~10 meters, which is also the infectious distance of TB. Experimental results on several volunteers suggest that the interaction pattern roughly conforms to scale-free distribution, which helps improve prediction of prevalence of TB in China.
A 4.8Gb/s impedance-matched bidirectional multi-drop transceiver for high-capacity memory interface

With the scaling of CMOS transistors and advance in I/O circuitry, the data rate of memory interfaces has recently reached 16Gb/s per channel [1], in which a point-to-point channel is required rather than a multi-drop channel for the high data rate. While point-to-point channels are advantageous in achieving higher data rates because of the absence of undesired reflections that occur at each stub of multi-drop channels, they are not suitable for high-capacity, high-throughput memory systems such as transaction servers or cloud computing nodes due to their prohibitively large PCB routing area connecting the memory chips. FBDIMM [2] and the cascading memory architecture [3] aim to reduce the routing area by the use of daisy-chained configurations, but they suffer from increased latency problems. This is why the recent DDR2/3 memory interface still uses the multi-drop bus architecture called stub series terminated logic (SSTL), and a number of proposals have been made to mitigate the problem of stub reflections in SSTL. For instance, a decision feedback equalizer has been used [4] to cancel the inter-symbol interference (ISI) due to stub reflections; but this requires a large number of filter taps, resulting in a limited speed under 3Gb/s. Another approach to eliminate impedance discontinuity is to use a 2Z0 ohm transmission line [5], but this scheme is only applicable to 2-slot configurations.
Association rules and fuzzy association rules to find new query terms

We present an application of association rules and fuzzy association rules to ﬁnd new terms that help the user to search in the web. A ﬁrst query is made to the web and an initial set of documents is retrieved. Considering the terms of the collection as items, text transactions are constructed and association rules are extracted. Fuzzy association rules are also considered when the presence of an item in a transaction is a weight between zero and one. A selection of the best rules is carried out and the terms in those rules are offered to the user to reﬁne the query.
Mobility models for vehicular ad hoc networks: a survey and taxonomy

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) have been recently attracting an increasing attention from both research and industry communities. One of the challenges posed by the study of VANETs is the definition of a vehicular mobility model providing an accurate and realistic vehicular mobility description at both macroscopic and microscopic levels. Another challenge is to be able to dynamically alter this vehicular mobility as a consequence of the vehicular communication protocols. Many mobility models have been developed by the community in order to solve these two issues. However, due to the large number of available models claiming to be adapted to vehicular traffic, and also due to their different and somehow incomparable features, understanding their true characteristics, their degree of realism with respect to vehicular mobility, and real capabilities is a hard task. In this survey, we first introduce a framework that proposes a guideline for the generation of vehicular mobility models. Then, we illustrate the different approaches chosen by the community for the development of vehicular mobility models and their interactions with network simulators. Finally, we propose an overview and taxonomy of a large range of mobility models available for vehicular ad hoc networks. The objective is to provide readers with a guideline to easily understand and objectively compare the different models, and eventually identify the one required for their needs.
Layout Effects on High Frequency and Noise Parameters in MOSFETs

This study reviews related studies on the impact of the layout dependent effects on high frequency and RF noise parameter performances, carried out over the past decade. It specifically focuses on the doughnut and multi- finger layouts. The doughnut style involves the polygonal and the 4- sided techniques, while the multi-finger involving the narrow-oxide diffusion (OD) and multi-OD. The polygonal versus 4-sided doughnut, and the narrow-OD with multi-fingers versus multi-OD with multi- fingers are reviewed in this study. The high frequency parameters, which are of concern in this study, are the cut- off frequency (f T ) and the maximum frequency (f MAX ), whereas the noise parameters involved are noise resistance (R N ) and the minimum noise figure (NF min ). In addition, MOSFET parameters, which are affected by the layout style that in turn may contribute to the changes in these high frequency, and noise parameters are also detailed. Such parameters include transconductance (G m ); gate resistance (R g ); effective mobility (μ eff ); and parasitic capacitances (c gg and c gd ). Investigation by others has revealed that the polygonal doughnut may have a larger total area in comparison with the 4- sided doughnut. It is also found by means of this review that the multi-finger layout style with narrow-OD and high number of fingers may have the best performance in f T and f MAX , owing partly to the improvement in G m , μ eff , c gg , c gd and low frequency noise (LFN). A multi-OD with a lower number of fingers may lead to a lower performance in f T due to a lower G m . Upon comparing the doughnut and the multi-finger layout styles, the doughnuts appeared to perform better than a standard multi-finger layout for f T , f MAX , G m and μ eff but are poorer in terms of LFN. It can then be concluded that the narrow-OD multi-finger may cause the increase of c gg as the transistor becomes narrower, whereas a multi-OD multi-finger may have high R g and therefore may lead to the increase of f T and f MAX as the transistor becomes narrower. Besides, the doughnut layout style has a higher G m and f T , leading to larger μ eff from the elimination of shallow trench isolation (STI) stress.
Graph Laplacian based matrix design for finite-time distributed average consensus

In this paper, we consider the problem of finding a linear iteration scheme that yields distributed average consensus in a finite number of steps D. By modeling interactions between the nodes in the network by means of a time-invariant undirected graph, the problem is solved by deriving a set of D Laplacian based consensus matrices. We show that the number of steps is given by the number of nonzero distinct eigenvalues of the graph Laplacian matrix. Moreover the inverse of these eigenvalues constitute the step-sizes of the involved Laplacian based consensus matrices. When communications are made through an additive white Gaussian noise channel, based on an ensemble averaging method, we show how average consensus can be asymptotically reached. Performance analysis of the suggested protocol is given along with comparisons with other methods in the literature.
Comparative evaluation of commercially available supplementary sources of inorganic phosphorus in broiler feed

The study was designed to compare the growth performance, digestibility and concentration of phosphorous (P) and calcium (Ca) in blood plasma, tibia bone and excreta in juvenile birds fed different commercially available sources of inorganic P. Day-old Hubbard broiler chickens (180) were randomly assigned to one of 4 dietary treatments (A-D), replicated three times with 15 birds per cage. All diets were corn soyabean based and the only difference was the source of inorganic P. The diets were supplemented with 1.20% MCP imported, 1.65% DCP local, 1.65% DCP imported and 1.65% bone ash and were designated as treatment A, B, C and D respectively. The diets were fed for the period of 21 days. On day 21, 3 birds per cage were randomly selected and euthanized. Blood plasma, tibia bone and total excreta were collected to calculate total Ca and P concentration. Feed intake and total excreta collected over the last 3 days (day 19 to 21) were used to calculate dry matter digestibilities (DMD). The results showed that growth performance of broilers up to 21 days of age was not affected (P>0.05) by the different sources of inorganic P, provided that the level of available P in diet remains 0.4%. However, diets containing DCP local outperformed compared to all P sources in terms of digestibility. The concentration of total Ca and P values showed no differences (P>0.05) in bone and excreta samples but the values were higher (P<0.05) in blood plasma from birds fed diets containing MCP and DCP diets compared to those on bone ash. The study suggests that indigenous source of DCP used in this study could replace the imported source and thus have potential to improve P digestibility.
APPLICATION OF DECENTRALIZED WIRELESS SENSING AND CONTROL IN CIVIL STRUCTURES

This paper discusses the potential use of wireless communication and embedded computing technologies for structural control applications. Specifically, a prototype wireless structural sensing and control system is described. The system incorporates a decentralized structural control algorithm, which computes control decisions based on decentralized output feedback. The performance of this prototype system is validated in shake table experiments using a half-scale three-story steel structure. The structure is instrumented with three magnetorheological dampers, which are commanded by wireless sensing and control units. The experiments also successfully validate the effectiveness of the decentralized output feedback control algorithm. Based on this decentralized control algorithm, a complete set of numerical simulations are conducted using the structural model of the five-story Kajima-Shizuoka Building controlled by semi-active hydraulic dampers. The simulation analysis investigates the effects of communication latencies and degrees of centralization on control performance. Both experimental and numerical results show that decentralized wireless control is viable for future structural control systems.
Clinical Interventions in Aging Dovepress Open Access to Scientific and Medical Research Open Access Full Text Article Dovepress Efficacy and Safety of Risedronate 150 Mg Once a Month in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Fragility fractures that occur as a result of osteoporosis are frequently associated with chronic pain and decreased quality of life as well as significant morbidity and mortality. Fracture reduction, however, is often less than optimal due to poor compliance with medications. Studies have demonstrated that risedronate, a heterocyclic nitrogen containing bisphosphonate can reduce vertebral, nonvertebral, and hip fracture incidence in postmenopausal women, in men, and in subsets of older patients at great risk of falls and fragility. The mechanism, efficacy, dosing options, and tolerability of risedronate are reviewed. Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by weakening of bone mineral and tissue and low bone mass. These changes result in compromised bone strength, an increase in bone fragility, and an increased risk of fracture. Although the disorder most commonly affects postmenopausal women, 20% of people affected in the United States are men. Fractures are commonly classified into two major types: vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. Nonvertebral fractures involve the upper extremity, lower extremity (including the hip), ribs, and pelvis. In fact, with the exception of fractures of the fingers, toes, skull, and face all fractures after the age of fifty are associated with low bone mineral density (BMD). 1 Vertebral fractures are the most common osteoporotic fracture, occurring in approximately 20% of postmenopausal women. However, vertebral fractures often go undiagnosed clinically, and they are the earliest and most common fragility-related fracture in postmenopausal women. In the IMPACT study, between 29.5%–46.5% of vertebral fractures were undiagnosed. 2 Vertebral fractures, whether recognized clinically or not, carry with them increased morbidity and mortality. These fractures lead to kyphosis, difficulty walking because of change in posture, abdominal pain, and potentially respiratory insufficiency. 3 Lindsay and colleagues demonstrated that approximately 20% of postmenopausal women who have a first vertebral fracture will experience another vertebral fracture within one year. 4 Once one vertebral fracture occurs, other fractures are likely to follow soon after; 25% of patients with a first vertebral fracture will go on to have another fracture anywhere in the skeleton within one year. 5 Hip fractures carry with them great mortality; approximately 20% of patients with hip fracture patients die within one year, and 30%–50% of these patients never regain their original functional status which they had before the hip
The Teleoperation System of Service Robot Based on Cloud Services

At present, China has become the world’s manufacturing powerhouse, but not a manufacturing power. The rapidly aging population, labor costs increasing year by year and economic restructuring and adjustment of advances in technology provided a wide range of power for the development of robot technology. China has become the world’s largest market for industrial robots for two consecutive years and will become the world’s largest robot market. Meanwhile, China introduced a number of policies to support the development of robot technology. “Internet +” provided a new model of development for the robot intelligence, integration and serviceoriented. In this paper, we study on teleoperation control system of service robot whose aim is to develop “operator-mobile Internet-robots–environment” cloud robotics systems. The system uses a master-slave teleoperation mode, so that the robot is under the distal end of network operator real-time control. Divided into three parts: Main operator terminal is the multi-mode control terminal; Stereoscopic capture system use Microsoft Kinect equipment for the body to complete the data collection, analysis, and sends each joint angle of the robot end, driving the robot to move jobs; Computer-based software client control system has achieved control of the mobile platform. Use a network server deployed in the cloud to complete the multi-transmission system tasks and decision-making data and it has now achieved data transmission. The end of the multiterminal configuration to perform the robot includes the independent design and processing inspection robots, integrated mechanical properties Mecanum wheel full mobility; In the autonomous navigation operations to improve service, we build a versatile and full range of cloud services teleoperation control system.
Research on the Suppression of Distribution Capacity Demand of the Tramway Intermittent Charging System

Modern tramway is widely used in metropolises all over the world for the economic and environmental advantages in recent years. The tram vehicles with onboard energy storage system is one of the most popular tramway mode, due to running without the catenary and safety. However, the charging power and distribution capacity demand have been a great challenge to the distribution network, especially in the heavy load area. This paper focused on the tram line with on-board surpercapacitors vehicles, presented an optimal charging strategy based on the characteristic analysis of the charging load and vehicles of a realistic tram line. And then, a model of stationary energy storage system was proposed to decrease the demand of distribution capacity further. A case study of an operated line was carried out, and the results show that the distribution capacity demand was decreased by 90.26% than former. The cost of basic electricity was substantially reduced at the same time.
An assessment of African test sites in the context of a global network of quality-assured reference standards

The Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) Infrared and Visible Optical Sensors (IVOS) subgroup members established a set of CEOS-endorsed globally distributed reference standard test sites for the postlaunch calibration of space-based optical imaging sensors. This paper discusses the top five African pseudo-invariant sites (Libya 4, Mauritania 1/2, Algeria 3, Libya 1, and Algeria 5) that were identified by the IVOS subgroup. This paper focuses on monitoring the long-term radiometric stability of the Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Landsat 7 (L7) Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensors using near-simultaneous and cloud-free image pairs acquired from launch to December 2008 over the five African desert sites. Residual errors and coefficients of determination were also generated to support the quality assessment of the calibration differences between the two sensors. An effort was also made to evaluate the relative stability of these sites for long-term monitoring of the optical sensors.
Hypermutation, diversity and dissemination of human intestinal lamina propria plasma cells

In this work we have microdissected lamina propria plasma cells and used polymerase chain reaction and sequencing to investigate immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangements and mutations in human intestine. In addition, specific primers were designed for individual Ig gene rearrangements to analyze the distribution of related B cell and plasma cell clones at different sites along the bowel. Confirming our earlier work, intestinal IgVH genes were highly mutated in plasma cells from older individuals (> 30 years). IgVH genes were significantly less mutated in samples taken from patients aged 11–30 years, and there were fewer mutations again in samples from young children (< 11 years). In age‐matched specimens the number of mutations was equivalent in the duodenum and colon. Using complementarity‐determining region 3 primers to amplify specific Ig gene rearrangements, evidence was also found for the existence of related lamina propria plasma cells along the small bowel and colon, although these were quite scarse. In addition, analysis of the numbers of related clones in a random sampling from discrete areas of lamina propria indicates that the local population is diverse. These results suggest that the highly mutated IgVH genes in adult intestinal plasma cells are a consequence of chronic antigen exposure with age. Duodenal plasma cells are as highly mutated as colonic plasma cells, despite the fact that the upper bowel has no indigenous microbial flora (the stimulus for intestinal plasma cells). They also show that the plasma cell population is diverse and can be widely disseminated along the bowel.
A Real-Time IR-Fusion Switchgear Contact Monitoring System (SCMS)

In this paper, a real-time monitoring system for switchgear contacts (switchgear contact monitoring system) with continuous thermal monitoring is presented instead of infrequent scanning with a handheld infrared (IR) camera or IR window. Attention is focused on medium- and low-voltage switchgear contacts due to the importance of their thermal behaviors in the power system. A binocular IR camera (BIRC), whose size is only 3 cm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times3$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm, is installed near switchgear contacts and collects both visible-light images and IR array data of switchgear contacts. The BIRC is powered by a remote Power over Ethernet switch connected to it using one cable. At the same time, all data transmitted from the BIRC to the remote-control unit are provided by the same cable. To detect localized thermal conditions or hotspots within switchgear contacts, the IR-fusion module fuses temperature array data and image data collected by the BIRC and produces an IR-fusion image. The system design and laboratory test results are presented.
Efforts to Emphasize the Poor Population and the Affecting Factors

This study aims to determine the effect of economic growth, human development index and unemployment rate to suppress the number of poor people in North Sumatra Province for the period of 2013-2017. The data used in this study is secondary data from the publication of statistical data by Badan Pusat Statistik (Central Statistics Agency) of North Sumatra Province. These data are tabulated into a panel data structure, which is a combination of data in the form of time series and cross-section. This study uses data from 33 Regencies / Cities in North Sumatra Province to be analyzed by using the Data Panel Regression Analysis technique with the Fixed Effect approach. Empirical results prove that economic growth variables on poverty have a positive and significant effect, while the human development index and unemployment variables have insignificant effects. These data were tabulated into a panel data structure, which is a combination of data in the form of time series and cross-section. This study uses data from 33 Regencies / Cities in North Sumatra Province to be analyzed by using the Data Panel Regression Analysis technique with the Fixed Effect approach. Empirical results prove that economic growth variables on poverty have a positive and significant effect, while the human development index and unemployment variables have insignificant effects.