Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coronary Microembolization with Normal Epicardial Coronary Arteries and No Visible Infarcts on Nitrobluetetrazolium Chloride-Stained Specimens: Evaluation with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Swine Model

Objective To assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of coronary microembolization in a swine model induced by small-sized microemboli, which may cause microinfarcts invisible to the naked eye. Materials and Methods Eleven pigs underwent intracoronary injection of small-sized microspheres (42 µm) and catheter coronary angiography was obtained before and after microembolization. Cardiac MRI and measurement of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) were performed at baseline, 6 hours, and 1 week after microembolization. Postmortem evaluation was performed after completion of the imaging studies. Results Coronary angiography pre- and post-microembolization revealed normal epicardial coronary arteries. Systolic wall thickening of the microembolized regions decreased significantly from 42.6 ± 2.0% at baseline to 20.3 ± 2.3% at 6 hours and 31.5 ± 2.1% at 1 week after coronary microembolization (p < 0.001 for both). First-pass perfusion defect was visualized at 6 hours but the extent was largely decreased at 1 week. Delayed contrast enhancement MRI (DE-MRI) demonstrated hyperenhancement within the target area at 6 hours but not at 1 week. The microinfarcts on gross specimen stained with nitrobluetetrazolium chloride were invisible to the naked eye and only detectable microscopically. Increased cTnT was observed at 6 hours and 1 week after microembolization. Conclusion Coronary microembolization induced by a certain load of small-sized microemboli may result in microinfarcts invisible to the naked eye with normal epicardial coronary arteries. MRI features of myocardial impairment secondary to such microembolization include the decline in left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion at cine and first-pass perfusion imaging, and transient hyperenhancement at DE-MRI.
Robust large scale monocular visual SLAM

This paper deals with the trajectory estimation of a monocular calibrated camera evolving in a large unknown environment, also known as monocular visual simultaneous localization and mapping. The contribution of this paper is threefold: 1) We develop a new formalism that builds upon the so called Known Rotation Problem to robustly estimate submaps (parts of the camera trajectory and the unknown environment). 2) In order to obtain a globally consistent map (up to a scale factor), we propose a novel loopy belief propagation algorithm that is able to efficiently align a large number of submaps. Our approach builds a graph of relative 3D similarities (computed between the submaps) and estimates the global 3D similarities by passing messages through a super graph until convergence. 3) To render the whole framework more robust, we also propose a simple and efficient outlier removal algorithm that detects outliers in the graph of relative 3D similarities. We extensively demonstrate, on the TUM and KITTI benchmarks as well as on other challenging video sequences, that the proposed method outperforms the state of the art algorithms.
Static Detection of Atomicity Violations in Object-Oriented Programs

Violations of atomicity are possible sources of errors in parallel programs. A violation occurs if the effect of a method execution depends on the execution of concurrent threads that operate on the same or overlapping parts of a shared data structure. All accesses to shared data are assumed to be ordered through synchronization, hence common techniques for data race and deadlock detection are not able to find such errors. We have developed a static analysis that infers atomicity constraints and identifies potential violations. The analysis is based on an abstract model of threads and data. A symbolic execution tracks object locking and access and provides information that is finally used to determine potential violations of atomicity. We provide a detailed evaluation of our algorithm for a number of Java benchmarks. Although the algorithm does not guarantee to find all violations of atomicity, our experience shows that our method is efficient and effective in determining several known synchronization problems in a set of application programs and the Java library. The problem of overreporting that is commonly encountered due to conservatism in static analyses is moderate.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Treatment of Pancreaticocutaneous Fistulas

Pancreaticocutaneous fistulas (PCFs) may be refractory to medical therapy or endoscopic retrograde cholangopancreaticography. Four patients underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided management of refractory PCFs, which were internalized by endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural puncture of the pancreatic duct (n = 2), fistula tract (n = 1), or both (n = 1), with placement of transmural stents providing internal drainage to the stomach (n = 3) or duodenum (n = 1). Drainage from PCFs ceased in all patients, and all percutaneous drains were removed; internal stents were left in place indefinitely. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided interventions may successfully treat PCFs, allowing removal of percutaneous drains, and are an attractive alternative for patients who might otherwise require pancreatic resection.
Rapamycin reverses chronic graft vascular disease in a novel cardiac allograft model.

BACKGROUND Chronic graft vascular disease (CGVD) in cardiac allografts has been defined as a slowly evolving vasculopathy unresponsive to conventional immunosuppression. We compared 4 rodent models of CGVD to evaluate the reproducibility of CGVD in heart allografts. Rapamycin (Rapa) and cyclosporine (CSA) were then used to treat CGVD. METHODS AND RESULTS Hearts were harvested and placed heterotopically into allogenic recipients. CGVD scores of PVG allografts from ACI recipients treated with CSA on days 1 through 10 were significantly elevated on day 90 (n=16) compared with other models (immunosuppression used): (1) Lewis to F344 recipients (CSA), (2) Brown Norway to Lewis (FK506), and (3) DA to Wistar-Firth (methylprednisolone, azathioprine, CSA). Although delayed (day 60 to 90) CSA treatment had no effect (n=6), delayed Rapa (3 mg. kg-1. d-1 IP) reversed CGVD in PVG grafts (0.22+/-0.19 on day 90, n=6). ACI isografts showed no evidence of CGVD (n=6) at day 90. Immunohistochemistry of PVG grafts revealed perivascular infiltrates consisting of CD4(+) T cells and limited numbers of macrophages persisting up to day 90. Flow cytometry demonstrated increased levels of anti-donor antibody at day 90, which was significantly inhibited by Rapa treatment. CONCLUSIONS PVG grafts developed a significant increase in CGVD without evidence of ongoing myocardial rejection. This CGVD appeared to be mediated by both cellular and humoral mechanisms, given CD4(+) perivascular infiltrates and increased levels of anti-donor antibody. The anti-CGVD effectiveness of Rapa during a period in which there was little myocardial cellular infiltrate supports a novel mechanism of effect such as smooth muscle or B-cell inhibition.
Supporting dynamic data structures on distributed-memory machines

Compiling for distributed-memory machines has been a very active research area in recent years. Much of this work has concentrated on programs that use arrays as their primary data structures. To date, little work has been done to address the problem of supporting programs that use pointer-based dynamic data structures. The techniques developed for supporting SPMD execution of array-based programs rely on the fact that arrays are statically defined and directly addressable. Recursive data structures do not have these properties, so new techniques must be developed. In this article, we describe an execution model for supporting programs that use pointer-based dynamic data structures. This model uses a simple mechanism for migrating a thread of control based on the layout of heap-allocated data and introduces parallelism using a technique based on futures and lazy task creation. We intend to exploit this execution model using compiler analyses and automatic parallelization techniques. We have implemented a prototype system, which we call Olden, that runs on the Intel iPSC/860 and the Thinking Machines CM-5. We discuss our implementation and report on experiments with five benchmarks.
A new construction of the Loday-Ronco algebra

We provide a new construction of the Loday-Ronco algebra by realizing it in terms of noncommutative polynomials in infinitely many variables. This construction relies on a bijection between words and labeled binary trees which can be regarded as a kind of degenerate Robinson-Schensted correspondence and leads to a new Knuth type correspondence involving binary trees. Résumé. Nous donnons une nouvelle construction de l’algèbre de Loday et Ronco en termes de polynômes non-commutatifs en une infinité de variables. Cette construction repose sur une bijection entre les mots et les arbres binaires étiquetés qui permet de définir une correspondence de type Robinson-Schensted dégénérée et aboutit à la construction d’une nouvelle correspondence de type Knuth mettant en jeu les arbres binaires.
Influence of Dialysis Modality and Membrane Flux on Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients

Background: The quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis is significantly disturbed. There are data that hemodiafiltration (HDF) may be more effective than conventional hemodialysis in the removal of uremic toxins and may reduce frequency and severity of intradialytic and postdialysis adverse symptoms in patients. Also, some researchers suggest advantages of using high-flux membranes compared with low-flux. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether hemodialysis modality and membrane flux, independent of membrane biocompatibility, make differences in quality of life in patients. Methods: In our cross-sectional study, we evaluated 124 patients who were divided, based on therapy, into three groups: online HDF, high-flux hemodialysis, and low-flux hemodialysis. Data were collected using the Short Form-36 questionnaire combined with special questionnaire, which included demographic and clinically related questions. Results: Health-related quality of life was better in patients on HDF compared with patients on hemodialysis, especially compared with low-flux hemodialysis patients in most of the scales and in both dimensions: physical component scale and mental component scale. There were no statistically significant differences in Short Form-36 domains between high-flux hemodialysis and low-flux hemodialysis. Conclusion: Our data suggest the potential advantages of HDF with regard to influence on quality of life, which is sufficient to justify further research in prospective and longitudinal study design.
myotoxic injury regeneration and functional repair in rat skeletal muscle-agonist administration enhances early 2 β Intramuscular

after myotoxic injury regeneration and functional repair in rat skeletal muscle-agonist administration enhances early 2 β Intramuscular You might find this additional info useful. physiology, especially those papers emphasizing adaptive and integrative mechanisms. It is published 12 times a publishes original papers that deal with diverse area of research in applied
A nonparametric quanti¢cation of neural response ¢eld structures

The response ¢elds of higher cortical neurons are usually approximated with smooth mathematical functions for the purpose of population parameterization or theoretical modeling. We used instead two nonparametric methods (principal component analysis and independent component analysis), which provided a basis for the response ¢eld clustering. Although both methods performed satisfactorily, the principal component analysis space is more straightforward to calculate. It also gave a clear preference toward the smallest number of functional response ¢eld classes.Clustering was performed with both K-means and superparamagnetic clustering algorithms with similar results.We also show that the shapes of the eigenvectors remain consistent regardless of the response ¢eld data sets size. This ¢nding re£ects the fact that the response ¢elds were generated by the same neural network and encode the same underlying process. NeuroReport 17:963^967 � c 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Release your app on Sunday eve: finding the best time to deploy apps

Mobile application stores such as Apple's App Store and Google's Android Market enable researchers to use App Stores as a platform for user studies. Because successful studies can require a large number of users researchers might need to attract a large audience. The right timing when releasing or updating apps can considerably increase the number of installations. Using a game that is published in the Android Market we analyze when people install games. Furthermore, we determine when developers deploy games in the Android Market. We combine data from 157,438 installations of the game and the observation of 24,647 published apps. Our results suggest that the best time to deploy a game in the Android Market is on Sunday evening GMT.
On the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: enzymatic transformation of human low density lipoprotein to an atherogenic moiety

Combined treatment with trypsin, cholesterol esterase, and neuraminidase transforms LDL, but not HDL or VLDL, to particles with properties akin to those of lipid extracted from atherosclerotic lesions. Single or double enzyme modifications, or treatment with phospholipase C, or simple vortexing are ineffective. Triple enzyme treatment disrupts the ordered and uniform structure of LDL particles, and gives rise to the formation of inhomogeneous lipid droplets 10-200 nm in diameter with a pronounced net negative charge, but lacking significant amounts of oxidized lipid. Enzymatically modified LDL (E- LDL), but not oxidatively modified LDL (ox-LDL), is endowed with potent complement-activating capacity. As previously found for lipid isolated from atherosclerotic lesions, complement activation occurs to completion via the alternative pathway and is independent of antibody. E-LDL is rapidly taken up by human macrophages to an extent exceeding the uptake of acetylated LDL (ac-LDL) or oxidatively modified LDL. After 16 h, cholesteryl oleate ester formation induced by E-LDL (50 micrograms/ml cholesterol) was in the range of 6-10 nmol/mg protein compared with 3-6 nmol/mg induced by an equivalent amount of acetylated LDL. At this concentration, E-LDL was essentially devoid of direct cytotoxic effects. Competition experiments indicated that uptake of E- LDL was mediated in part by ox-LDL receptor(s). Thus, approximately 90% of 125I-ox-LDL degradation was inhibited by a 2-fold excess of unlabeled E-LDL. Uptake of 125I-LDL was not inhibited by E-LDL. We hypothesize that extracellular enzymatic modification may represent an important step linking subendothelial deposition of LDL to the initiation of atherosclerosis.
A formal model for business process decomposition based on resources consumption with security requirement

Nowadays, a business process can be a very costly investment for companies because they need to purchase additional resources to ensure the smooth running of their business process. But the problem is that the additional resources are used only for very limited time lapse. Using cloud computing can be beneficial for companies to omit the problem of using additional resources for limited time lapse. Furthermore, cloud computing can have a relevant role in managing and constructing the business process for companies. Because it gives us the illusion to perceive the resources such as unlimited computer resources and it gives the possibility of using this resources in a pay per use manner. In the word of industry, outsourcing security management to a third party or exposing sensitive process in cloud computing can be considerate as one of the biggest problem with the deployment using cloud solution in the industry. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a new formal approach by splitting up the business process based on resource consumption and sensitive process. Moreover, this work allows the specification and analysis company requirements in resources consumption and security issues by simulating many parallel executions of business process. To determine which specific process should be assigned to the cloud computing and which should stay in company.
MicroRNA Array Analysis Finds Elevated Serum miR-1290 Accurately Distinguishes Patients with Low-Stage Pancreatic Cancer from Healthy and Disease Controls

Purpose: Our goal was to identify circulating micro RNA (miRNA) levels that could distinguish patients with low-stage pancreatic cancer from healthy and disease controls. Experimental Design: We measured 735 miRNAs in pancreatic cancer case and control sera by QRTPCR using TaqMan MicroRNA Arrays. After array analysis, we selected 18 miRNA candidates for validation in an independent set of cases and control samples. Results: Of the significantly elevated circulating miRNAs in patients with pancreatic cancer compared with controls, miR-1290 had the best diagnostic performance: receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis on miR-1290 serum level yielded curve areas (AUC) of 0.96 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91–1.00], 0.81 (0.71–0.91), and 0.80 (0.67–0.93), for subjects with pancreatic cancer (n = 41) relative to healthy controls (n = 19), subjects with chronic pancreatitis (n = 35), and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (n = 18), respectively. Serum miR-1290 levels were also significantly higher than healthy controls among patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN; n = 20; AUC = 0.76, 0.61–0.91). Serum miR-1290 levels distinguished patients with low-stage pancreatic cancer from controls better than CA19-9 levels, and like CA19-9, higher miR-1290 levels predicted poorer outcome among patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Greater numbers of miR-1290 transcripts were detected by FISH in primary pancreatic cancer and IPMN than normal pancreatic duct cells. miR-1290 influenced in vitro pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasive ability. Several other circulating miRNAs distinguished sera of patients with pancreatic cancer from those of healthy controls with AUCs >0.7, including miR-24, miR-134, miR-146a, miR-378, miR-484, miR-628-3p, and miR-1825. Conclusions: The detection of elevated circulating miR-1290 has the potential to improve the early detection of pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 19(13); 3600–10. ©2013 AACR.
Potential health and economic impact of adding a human papillomavirus vaccine to screening programs.

CONTEXT Recently published results suggest that effective vaccines against cervical cancer-associated human papillomavirus (HPV) may become available within the next decade. OBJECTIVE To examine the potential health and economic effects of an HPV vaccine in a setting of existing screening. DESIGN, SETTING, AND POPULATION A Markov model was used to estimate the lifetime (age 12-85 years) costs and life expectancy of a hypothetical cohort of women screened for cervical cancer in the United States. Three strategies were compared: (1) vaccination only; (2) conventional cytological screening only; and (3) vaccination followed by screening. Two of the strategies incorporated a vaccine targeted against a defined proportion of high-risk (oncogenic) HPV types. Screening intervals of 1, 2, 3, and 5 years and starting ages for screening of 18, 22, 24, 26, and 30 years were chosen for 2 of the strategies (conventional cytological screening only and vaccination followed by screening). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incremental cost per life-year gained. RESULTS Vaccination only or adding vaccination to screening conducted every 3 and 5 years was not cost-effective. However, at more frequent screening intervals, strategies combining vaccination and screening were preferred. Vaccination plus biennial screening delayed until age 24 years had the most attractive cost-effectiveness ratio (44 889 dollars) compared with screening only beginning at age 18 years and conducted every 3 years. However, the strategy of vaccination with annual screening beginning at age 18 years had the largest overall reduction in cancer incidence and mortality at a cost of 236 250 dollars per life-year gained compared with vaccination and annual screening beginning at age 22 years. The cost-effectiveness of vaccination plus delayed screening was highly sensitive to age of vaccination, duration of vaccine efficacy, and cost of vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Vaccination for HPV in combination with screening can be a cost-effective health intervention, but it depends on maintaining effectiveness during the ages of peak oncogenic HPV incidence. Identifying the optimal age for vaccination should be a top research priority.
Reversal of liver cirrhosis: current evidence and expectations

In the past, liver cirrhosis was considered an irreversible phenomenon. However, many experimental data have provided evidence of the reversibility of liver fibrosis. Moreover, multiple clinical studies have also shown regression of fibrosis and reversal of cirrhosis on repeated biopsy samples. As various etiologies are associated with liver fibrosis via integrated signaling pathways, a comprehensive understanding of the pathobiology of hepatic fibrogenesis is critical for improving clinical outcomes. Hepatic stellate cells play a central role in hepatic fibrogenesis upon their activation from a quiescent state. Collagen and other extracellular material components from activated hepatic stellate cells are deposited on, and damage, the liver parenchyma and vascular structures. Hence, inactivation of hepatic stellate cells can lead to enhancement of fibrolytic activity and could be a potential target of antifibrotic therapy. In this regard, continued efforts have been made to develop better treatments for underlying liver diseases and antifibrotic agents in multiple clinical and therapeutic trials; the best results may be expected with the integration of such evidence. In this article, we present the underlying mechanisms of fibrosis, current experimental and clinical evidence of the reversibility of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, and new agents with therapeutic potential for liver fibrosis.
Gender affects calf venous compliance at rest and during baroreceptor unloading in humans.

Leg venous compliance is a determinant of peripheral venous pooling during orthostatic stress such that high venous compliance could contribute to reduced orthostatic tolerance. We tested the hypotheses that 1) calf venous compliance is reduced during baroreceptor unloading, and 2) calf venous compliance is greater in women than men. Twelve men (27 +/- 2 yr) and 12 women (25 +/- 2 yr) were studied in the supine posture. Calf venous compliance was determined by inflating a thigh venous collecting cuff to 60 mmHg for 8 min and then decreasing cuff pressure at a rate of 1 mmHg/s to 0 mmHg. The slope of the pressure-compliance relation (compliance = beta(1) + 2.beta(2). cuff pressure), which is the first derivative of the quadratic pressure-volume relation [(Deltalimb volume) = beta(0) + beta(1). (cuff pressure) + beta(2). (cuff pressure)(2)] during the reduction in collecting cuff pressure, was used to assess venous compliance at baseline and during one-legged lower body negative pressure (LBNP; -50 mmHg). At baseline, calf venous compliance was 48% lower (P < 0.001) in women than men and decreased in men (Delta-25 +/- 8%; P < 0.05) but not women (Delta1 +/- 11%) during LBNP. Rhythmic ischemic handgrip (Delta6 +/- 9%) and cold pressor testing (Delta-9 +/- 7%) did not alter calf venous compliance in a subgroup of men (n = 6). These data indicate gender-dependent effects on calf venous compliance under conditions associated with low sympathetic outflow (i.e., rest) and high sympathetic outflow (i.e., LBNP). However, they cannot explain gender-associated differences in orthostatic tolerance.