Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interactions between human eosinophils and schistosomula of schistosoma mansoni. II. The mechanism of irreversible eosinophil adherence

Previous work (1)(1) has shown that normal human eosinophils show a preferential capacity, in comparison with neutrophils, to bind to antibody- coated schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni. This effect is attributable to a temperature-dependent function of the eosinophil which renders its binding stable and irreversible by aggregated gamma globulin or Staphylococcus aureus protein A. In contrast, the binding of neutrophils is readily reversible by these agents. It has now been shown that the differences observed between eosinophils and neutrophils is a property of their interaction with living schistosomula. When dead or artificially damaged schistosomula were tested, neutrophils showed a markedly enhanced capacity to adhere, in both the presence and absence of anti-chistosomular serum. Subsequent experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that the strong, stable binding of eosinophils was attributable to degranulation, with release of granule contents which would then serve as ligands to bind the cell to the organism. First, an enhanced adherence both of eosinophils and of neutrophils could be demonstrated in the presence of eosinophil major basic protein (MBP) or of protamine, a high molecular weight cation. Second, the binding of eosinophils induced by concanavalin A (Con A) was found to differ markedly from that induced by antischistosomular serum. Con A-mediated binding of eosinophils was fully reversible by alpha-methyl-mannoside, was not associated with damage to the organism, and did not lead to degranulation of the cell, as estimated by measuring the release of MBP into the culture supernate. However, induction of degranulation of concanavalin A-bound eosinophils, but not of neutrophils, with the calcium ionophore A23187 converted the reaction into one which was no longer reversible by alpha- methylmannoside and in which damage to the organism now did occur. These findings support the hypothesis that the stable binding of eosinophils is associated with degranulation, a process which may contribute to the preferential capacity of this cell to mediate antibody-dependent damage to schistosomula.
Efficient Range Query Processing in Peer-to-Peer Systems

With the increasing popularity of the peer-to-peer (P2P) computing paradigm, many general range query schemes for distributed hash table (DHT)-based P2P systems have been proposed. Although those schemes can provide range query capability without modifying the underlying DHTs, they have the query delay depending on both the scale of the system and the size of the query space or the specific query, and thus cannot guarantee to return the query results in a bounded delay. In this paper, we propose Armada, an efficient range query processing scheme to support delay-bounded single-attribute and multiple-attribute range queries. It is the first delay-bounded general range query scheme on constant-degree DHTs, and can return the results for any range query within 2logN hops in a P2P system with N peers. Results of analysis and simulations show that the average delay in Armada is less than logN, and the average message cost of single-attribute range queries is about logN+2n 2 (n is the number of peers that intersect with the query). These results are very close to the lower bounds on delay and message cost of range queries over constant-degree DHTs.
Redefining a Contribution for Immersive Visualization Research

Immersive computing modalities such as AR, VR, and speech-based input are regaining prominence as research threads in the visualization field due to the advancement in technology and availability of cheap consumer hardware. This renewed interest is similar to what we observed a decade ago when multitouch technology was gaining mainstream adoption. In this work, we reflect on lessons learned from designing for multitouch, with the goal of highlighting problems that may also emerge in AR/VR research. Specifically, we emphasize the need for the field to rearticulate what is expected from research efforts in the area of visualization on immersive technologies.
Exogenous Expression of the Amino-Terminal Half of the Tight Junction Protein Zo-3 Perturbs Junctional Complex Assembly

The functional characteristics of the tight junction protein ZO-3 were explored through exogenous expression of mutant protein constructs in MDCK cells. Expression of the amino-terminal, PSD95/dlg/ZO-1 domain-containing half of the molecule (NZO-3) delayed the assembly of both tight and adherens junctions induced by calcium switch treatment or brief exposure to the actin-disrupting drug cytochalasin D. Junction formation was monitored by transepithelial resistance measurements and localization of junction-specific proteins by immunofluorescence. The tight junction components ZO-1, ZO-2, endogenous ZO-3, and occludin were mislocalized during the early stages of tight junction assembly. Similarly, the adherens junction proteins E-cadherin and β-catenin were also delayed in their recruitment to the cell membrane, and NZO-3 expression had striking effects on actin cytoskeleton dynamics. NZO-3 expression did not alter expression levels of ZO-1, ZO-2, endogenous ZO-3, occludin, or E-cadherin; however, the amount of Triton X-100–soluble, signaling-active β-catenin was increased in NZO-3–expressing cells during junction assembly. In vitro binding experiments showed that ZO-1 and actin preferentially bind to NZO-3, whereas both NZO-3 and the carboxy-terminal half of the molecule (CZO-3) contain binding sites for occludin and cingulin. We hypothesize that NZO-3 exerts its dominant-negative effects via a mechanism involving the actin cytoskeleton, ZO-1, and/or β-catenin.
Anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective potential of leaf essential oil of Cinnamomum glanduliferum in ethanol-induced rat experimental gastritis

Abstract Context: Nothing could be found in the literature concerning Cinnamomum glanduliferum (Wall) Meissn (Lauraceae) bark (CG) in Egypt. Objective: To investigate CG volatile oil chemically and its anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective effects. Materials and methods: Essential oils were investigated by GC-MS. Leaves oil was assessed at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg for its anti-inflammatory effect against carrageenan-induced rat oedema model. Serum inflammation markers were measured. The gastro-protective effect of the same doses of the volatile oil was also tested in ethanol-induced non-ulcerative gastritis model in rats. Stomach oxidative stress markers were examined following 1 h after intragastric ethanol administration. Results: Twenty-five and 20 compounds were identified from leaf and branch oils, respectively (98.85 and 99.13%). The major ones were: eucalyptol (59.44%; 55.74%), sabinene (14.99%; 7.12%), α-terpineol (6.44%; 9.81%), α-pinene (5.27%; 4.71%). Following 4 h of treatment leaves volatile oil at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg significantly reduced paw volume to 94, 82 and 69%, respectively. The same doses significantly reduced COX-2 activity to 73.8, 50.7 and 21.4 nmol/min/mL, respectively. A significant reduction of PGE2 concentration was observed (2.95 ± 0.2, 2.45 ± 0.15 and 1.75 ± 0.015 pg/mL). CG oil exhibited a significant modulatory effect on ethanol-induced gastritis in rats as the level of NO reduced to 32, 37 and 41 μM nitrate/g and also a significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation was observed via reduction of MDA concentration (1.15, 1.11 and 1.04 nmol/g). Conclusion: CG volatile oil exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect and protected against ethanol-induced non-ulcerative gastritis.
The BCL9-2 proto-oncogene governs estrogen receptor alpha expression in breast tumorigenesis

The majority of human breast cancers express estrogen receptor alpha (ER), which is important for therapy with anti-estrogens. Here we describe the role of BCL9-2, a proto-oncogene previously characterized as co-activator of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling, for mammary tumorigenesis in mice and human. ER positive human breast cancers showed overexpression of BCL9-2 and tamoxifen treated patients with high BCL9-2 demonstrated a better survival. BCL9-2 was upregulated during puberty and pregnancy in normal mammary epithelia, but downregulated in the involuted gland. BCL9-2 overexpression in vivo delayed the mammary involution and induced alveolar hyperplasia. Moreover, aged BCL9-2 transgenic mice developed ductal-like mammary tumors with high nuclear ER expression. We found, that primary cell cultures of BCL9-2 breast tumors responded to tamoxifen treatment. Moreover, BCL9-2 regulated the expression of ER and the proliferation of human breast cancer cells independently of ß-catenin. Finally, we describe a novel mechanism, how BCL9-2 regulates ER transcription by interaction with Sp1 through the proximal ESR1 gene promoter. In summary, BCL9-2 induces ER positive breast cancers in vivo, regulates ER expression by a novel ß-catenin independent mechanism in breast cancer cells, and might predict the therapy response to tamoxifen treatment.
Satellite Attitude Maneuver using Sliding Mode Control under Body Angular Velocity Constraints

paper presents a robust sliding-mode control technique to be applied to quaternion-based attitude control for rest-to-rest maneuvers with external disturbances. A sliding mode controller has been designed to force the state variables of the closed loop system to converge to the desired values. A control strategy is designed based on a novel mathematical rule that computes the discontinuous feedback gains. The proposed approach is defined in such a way that the selected controller parameters can drive the state to hit the sliding surface fast and then keep the state sliding along the surface with less chattering and tracking error. Moreover, the control parameters are adjusted to avoid the body angular velocity reached the upper limit during the maneuver. A simulation model of the controlled spacecraft system was developed in MATLAB-SIMULINK software. The phase portraits and the state plots prove the control technique power. The "chattering" problem of the sliding mode control has been adopted using variable thickness boundary layer technique. The second method of Lyapunov is used to guarantee the system stability under the proposed control laws action. Simulations have been carried out to demonstrate and verify the developed controller performance. Keywordsicrosatellite, attitude control, sliding mode control,
Toponym Recognition in Scanned Color Topographic Maps

Topographic paper maps are a common support for geographical information. In the field of document analysis of this kind of support, this paper proposes an automatic approach to extract and recognize toponyms. We present a technique based on image segmentation and connected component processing. Different filtering stages ensure the consistency of plausible characters and strings. Detected text areas are used to feed an OCR software and the recognized words are analyzed and corrected. The main advantage of our technique is that no assumption is made about the character font, size or orientation. Experimental results obtained are encouraging in term of recognition efficiency.
Long-Term Pancreas Allograft Survival in Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation by Era

OBJECTIVE To determine whether short-term improvement in pancreas graft survival with simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplants translated into improved long-term survival, then to examine the implications of that determination. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed data for 14,311 diabetic patients who received a first SPK transplant between October 1987 and November 2007, using Kaplan-Meier analysis for graft survival rates and Cox regression analysis for year-of-transplant effect. RESULTS Overall, from 1995 to 2004, 5-year pancreas graft survival stayed about the same (70–71%). Limiting analysis to grafts that survived more than 1 year, 5-year survival from 1987 to 2004 ranged from 80 to 84%. With 1987–1989 as reference, the adjusted hazard ratio for graft failure by year of transplant increased to 1.49 (95% CI 0.97–2.30) in 2000–2004. CONCLUSIONS Long-term pancreas graft survival has remained unchanged despite the dramatic decreases in technical failures and early acute rejection rates that have contributed to prolonged SPK graft survival.
Molecular Gas and Dust in Arp 94: The Formation of a Recycled Galaxy in an Interacting System

We present new results for the molecular gas, dust emission, and the ionized gas in J1023+1952, an H I-rich intergalactic star-forming tidal dwarf galaxy candidate. It is located at the projected intersection of two faint stellar tidal streams wrapped around the interacting pair of galaxies NGC 3227/6 (Arp 94). Using the IRAM 30 m telescope, emission from 12CO (1–0) and 12CO (2–1) was detected across the entire extent of the neutral hydrogen cloud associated with J1023+1952, a region of the size of 8.9 × 5.9 kpc. The molecular gas is found to be abundant over the entire H I cloud, with H2-to-H I gas mass ratios between 0.5 and 1.7. New Spitzer mid-infrared observations at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, 8.0, 15, and 24 μm show that young SF is restricted to the southern part of the cloud. Despite the relatively uniform H2 and H I column density across the cloud, young SF occurs only in those regions where the velocity dispersion in the CO and H I is a factor of ~2 lower (FWHM of 30-70 km s−1) than elsewhere in the cloud (FWHM of 80-120 km s−1). Thus, the kinematics of the gas, in addition to its column density, seems to be a crucial factor in triggering SF. Optical/infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and Hα photometry confirm that all the knots are young. Optical spectroscopy of the brightest SF region allowed us to determine the metallicity [12 + log (O/H) = 8.6 ± 0.2] and the extinction (AB = 2.4). This shows that J1023+1952 is made from metal-enriched gas which is inconsistent with the hypothesis that it represents a preexisting dwarf galaxy. Instead, it must be formed from recycled, metal-enriched gas, expelled from NGC 3227 or NGC 3226 in a previous phase of the interaction.
Factors Related to Privacy Concerns and Protection Behaviors Regarding Behavioral Advertising

Research on online behavioral advertising has focused on users' attitudes towards sharing and what information they are willing to share. An unexplored area in this domain is how users' knowledge of how to protect their information differs from their self-efficacy about executing privacy protection behavior. The results of a 179-participant online study show that knowledge explains privacy concerns, but self-efficacy explains protection behaviors. Perceived behavioral control was related to both concerns and behavior.
Do we Need Linguistics When We Have Statistics? A Comparative Analysis of the Contributions of Linguistic Cues to a Statistical Word Grouping System

We present a comparative analysis of the performance of a statistics-based system for the formation of semantic groups of adjectives when various sources of linguistic knowledge are introduced. We identify four different types of slufllow linguistic knowledge that are applicable to this system, and we quantify the performance gained by incorporating each such knowledge module, We perform experiments for different corpus sizes and different inputs (sets of adjectives to group), collect clam on the usaful.ness of each linguistic module, assess the statistical significance of the results, and compare the contributions of the linguistic knowledge sources against each other. We also assess the overall effect linguistic knowledge has in our system. Our results show that linguistic knowledge causes a significant increase in the performance of the system. We conclude by discussing how these positive restdts can be generalized to other problems in statistical NLP.
Multiview Video Super-Resolution via Information Extraction and Merging

Multiview video super-resolution provides a promising solution to the contradiction between the huge data size of multiview video and the degraded video quality due to mixed-resolution compression. This algorithm consists of two different functional layers. An information extraction layer draws relevant high-frequency information from the high-resolution views via depth-image-based rendering and interpolation. A merging layer fuses multiview high-frequency information to refine the low-resolution view. In this paper, we introduce kernel regression and non-local means to improve the two layers, respectively. Kernel regression adapts to the local image structure and thus outperforms basic interpolation methods. Non-local means exploits the similarity between different views of multiview videos to restore the high-frequency component of a low-resolution image. We constrain non-local means by limiting the pixels used to restore a pixel. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Colonization and Immunomodulation by Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730 in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract

ABSTRACT Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730 is a probiotic (health-promoting) bacterium widely used as a dietary supplement. This study was designed to examine local colonization of the human gastrointestinal mucosa after dietary supplementation with L. reuteri ATCC 55730 and to determine subsequent immune responses at the colonized sites. In this open clinical investigation, 10 healthy volunteers and 9 volunteers with ileostomy underwent gastroscopy or ileoscopy and biopsy samples were taken from the stomach, duodenum, or ileum before and after supplementation with 4 × 108 CFU of live L. reuteri ATCC 55730 lactobacilli per day for 28 days. Biopsy specimen colonization was analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization with a molecular beacon probe, and immune cell populations were determined by immunostaining. Endogenous L. reuteri was detected in the stomach of 1 subject and the duodenum of 3 subjects (out of 10 subjects). After L. reuteri ATCC 55730 supplementation, the stomachs of 8 and the duodenums of all 10 subjects were colonized. Three ileostomy subjects (of six tested) had endogenous L. reuteri at baseline, while all six displayed colonization after L. reuteri supplementation. Gastric mucosal histiocyte numbers were reduced and duodenal B-lymphocyte numbers were increased by L. reuteri ATCC 55730 administration. Furthermore, L. reuteri administration induced a significantly higher amount of CD4-positive T-lymphocytes in the ileal epithelium. Dietary supplementation with the probiotic L. reuteri ATCC 55730 induces significant colonization of the stomach, duodenum, and ileum of healthy humans, and this is associated with significant alterations of the immune response in the gastrointestinal mucosa. These responses may be key components of a mechanism by which L. reuteri ATCC 55730 exerts its well-documented probiotic effects in humans.
An efficient mobile commerce explorer for mobile user's behavior pattern mining and prediction

Due to wide range of potential applications, research on mobile commerce has received a lot of interests from both of the industry and academia. Among them, one of the active topic areas is the mining and prediction of user's mobile commerce behaviors such as their movements and purchase transactions. In this paper, we explore a new data mining capability for a mobile commerce environment based on location based service (LBS). A novel framework, called Mobile Commerce Explorer (MCE) used for mining and prediction of mobile users' movements and purchase transactions under the context of mobile commerce. The MCE framework consists of three main components like 1) Similarity Inference Model (SIM)measuring the similarities among stores and items; 2) Personal Mobile Commerce Pattern Mine (PMCP-Mine) algorithm used for finding the mobile user's Personal Mobile Commerce Patterns (PMCPs); 3) Mobile Commerce Behavior Predictor (MCBP) for prediction the future mobile user behaviors. Location-based service (LBS) is used for recommending the stores and items previously unknown to a user. The Administrator controller will monitor the whole transaction process, so there will be a secure transaction.
Streaming erasure codes under mismatched source-channel frame rates

Streaming erasure codes sequentially encode a source stream into channel packets over a burst erasure channel and guarantee that each source frame is recovered within a fixed decoding delay. We study streaming codes when M channel packets need to be transmitted between successive source frames. This extends earlier works which exclusively focus on the case when M = 1. We obtain a general upper bound on the associated streaming capacity and show that it can be achieved for sufficiently large decoding delays using a layered code. For the minimum possible decoding delay we also establish the streaming capacity and show that it can be obtained using a repetition code.
Why Should Architectural Principles be Enforced ?

There is an emerging consensus that an explicit architectural model would be invaluable for large evolving software systems, providing them with a framework within which such a system can be reasoned about and maintained. But the great promise of architectural models has not been fulfilled so far, due to a gap between the model and the system it purports to describe. It is our contention that this gap is best bridged if the model is not just stated, but is enforced. This gives rise to a concept enforced architectural model—or, a law— which is explored in this paper. We argue that this model has two major beneficial consequences: First, by bridging the above mentioned gap between an architectural model and the actual system, an enforced architectural model provides a truly reliable framework within which a system can be reasoned about and maintained. Second, our model provides software developers with a carefully circumscribed flexibility in molding the law of a project, during its evolutionary lifetime—while maintaining certain architectural principles as invariant of evolution.
Filters Design Based On Multiple Characteristic Functions for the Grinding Process Cylindrical Workpieces

This paper designs a novel filter based on characteristic function for multidimensional observation systems, essentially extending the proposed filter, which just fitted to one-dimensional observations. For the dynamic model from grinding process cylindrical workpieces, this filter could result in enhanced and incremental productivity and quality control in manufacturing processes. In the processing of the filter design, a new form of filter will be given to adapt to the multidimensional observations, the matrix format of performance index will be designed to fit to matrix format of filter gain, the selecting range of the weighting function vector will be given to ensure the uniform boundedness of the designed performance index, and the filter gain can be obtained by minimizing the performance index. Finally, we illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method by simulation examples in the field of the target tracking and the grinding process cylindrical workpieces.