Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional querying in wireless ad hoc networks

As mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) become more present, new ways of data exchange become feasible. This paper presents the case of multidimensional querying in wireless ad hoc networks. New challenges both in comparison with querying of relational data in MANETs and respective multidimensional querying in infrastructure based wireless networks are outlined. The main objective is the optimal execution of a multidimensional query, in terms of generated traffic, access time and energy consumption overhead. In order to address these topics, we introduce a simple and collaborative query propagation and data dissemination protocol, exclusively tailored for multidimensional data. Extensive performance evaluation validates the efficiency and robustness of the proposed protocol.
A Randomized Parallel Sorting Algorithm with an Experimental Study

Previous schemes for sorting on general-purpose parallel machines have had to choose between poor load balancing and irregular communication or multiple rounds of all-to-all personalized communication. In this paper, we introduce a novel variation on sample sort which uses only two rounds of regular all-to-all personalized communication in a scheme that yields very good load balancing with virtually no overhead. Moreover, unlike previous variations, our algorithm efficiently handles the presence of duplicate values without the overhead of tagging each element with a unique identifier. This algorithm was implemented in Split-C and run on a variety of platforms, including the Thinking Machines CM-5, the IBM SP-2, and the Cray Research T3D. We ran our code using widely different benchmarks to examine the dependence of our algorithm on the input distribution. Our experimental results illustrate the efficiency and scalability of our algorithm across different platforms. In fact, it seems to outperform all similar algorithms known to the authors on these platforms, and its performance is invariant over the set of input distributions unlike previous efficient algorithms. Our results also compare favorably with those reported for the simpler ranking problem posed by the NAS Integer Sorting (IS) Benchmark.
Polarity proteins and Rho GTPases cooperate to spatially organise epithelial actin-based protrusions

Different actin-filament-based structures co-exist in many cells. Here, we characterise dynamic actin-based protrusions that form at distinct positions within columnar epithelial cells, focusing on basal filopodia and sheet-like intermediate-level protrusions that extend between surrounding epithelial cells. Using a genetic analysis, we found that the form and distribution of these actin-filament-based structures depends on the activities of apical polarity determinants, not on basal integrin signalling. Bazooka/Par3 acts upstream of the RacGEF Sif/TIAM1 to limit filopodia to the basal domain, whereas Cdc42, aPKC and Par6 are required for normal protrusion morphology and dynamics. Downstream of these polarity regulators, Sif/TIAM1, Rac, SCAR and Arp2/3 complexes catalyse actin nucleation to generate lamellipodia and filopodia, whose form depends on the level of Rac activation. Taken together, these data reveal a role for Baz/Par3 in the establishment of an intercellular gradient of Rac inhibition, from apical to basal, and an intimate association between different apically concentrated Par proteins and Rho-family GTPases in the regulation of the distribution and structure of the polarised epithelial actin cytoskeleton.
Caveolin-1 and Dopamine-Mediated Internalization of NaKATPase in Human Renal Proximal Tubule Cells

In moderate sodium-replete states, dopamine 1–like receptors (D1R/D5R) are responsible for regulating >50% of renal sodium excretion. This is partly mediated by internalization and inactivation of NaKATPase, when associated with adapter protein 2. We used dopaminergic stimulation via fenoldopam (D1-like receptor agonist) to study the interaction among D1-like receptors, caveolin-1 (CAV1), and the G protein–coupled receptor kinase type 4 in cultured human renal proximal tubule cells (RPTCs). We compared 2 groups of RPTCs, 1 of cell lines that were isolated from normal subjects (nRPTCs) and a second group of cell lines that have D1-like receptors that are uncoupled (uncoupled RPTCs) from adenylyl cyclase second messengers. In nRPTCs, fenoldopam increased the plasma membrane expression of D1R (10.0-fold) and CAV1 (1.3-fold) and markedly decreased G protein–coupled receptor kinase type 4 by 94±8%; no effects were seen in uncoupled RPTCs. Fenoldopam also increased the association of adapter protein 2 and NaKATPase by 53±9% in nRPTCs but not in uncoupled RPTCs. When CAV1 expression was reduced by 86.0±8.5% using small interfering RNA, restimulation of the D1-like receptors with fenoldopam in nRPTCs resulted in only a 7±9% increase in association between adapter protein 2 and NaKATPase. Basal CAV1 expression and association with G protein–coupled receptor kinase type 4 was decreased in uncoupled RPTCs (58±5% decrease in association) relative to nRPTCs. We conclude that the scaffolding protein CAV1 is necessary for the association of D1-like receptors with G protein–coupled receptor kinase type 4 and the adapter protein 2–associated reduction in plasma membrane NaKATPase.
Monte-Carlo utility estimates for Bayesian reinforcement learning

This paper discusses algorithms for Monte-Carlo Bayesian reinforcement learning. Firstly, Monte-Carlo estimates of upper bounds on the Bayes-optimal value function are used to construct an optimistic policy. Secondly, gradient-based algorithms for approximate bounds are introduced. Finally, a new class of gradient algorithms for Bayesian Bellman error minimisation is proposed. Theoretically, it is shown that the gradient methods are sound. Experiments demonstrate the superiority of the upper bound method in terms of reward obtained. However, the Bayesian Bellman error method is a close second, despite its computational simplicity.
A Real-Time Computer Vision-Based Static and Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition System

This paper presents a novel method for computer vision-based static and dynamic hand gesture recognition. Haar-like feature-based cascaded classifier is used for hand area segmentation. Static hand gestures are recognized using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and local binary pattern (LBP)-based feature extraction methods. Static hand gestures are classified using nearest neighbor (NN) algorithm. Dynamic hand gestures are recognized using the novel text-based principal directional features (PDFs), which are generated from the segmented image sequences. Longest common subsequence (LCS) algorithm is used to classify the dynamic gestures. For testing, the Chinese numeral gesture dataset containing static hand poses and directional gesture dataset containing complex dynamic gestures are prepared. The mean accuracy of LDA-based static hand gesture recognition on the Chinese numeral gesture dataset is 92.42%. The mean accuracy of LBP-based static hand gesture recognition on the Chinese numeral gesture dataset is 87.23%. The mean accuracy of the novel dynamic hand gesture recognition method using PDF on directional gesture dataset is 94%.
Different Forms of Ghrelin Exhibit Distinct Biological Roles in Tilapia

Ghrelin has been identified in all vertebrate classes, including sharks. Each species possesses multiple forms of ghrelin that vary in peptide length and acyl modifications (e.g., n-hexanoic, n-non-anoic, n-octanoic, and n-decanoic acids) including des-acyl ghrelin. Octanoylated ghrelin has been shown to be a potent GH secretagogue, orexigenic factor, and plays a role in overall metabolism in vertebrates. In the tilapia model, octanoylated ghrelin (ghrelin-C8) and decanoylated ghrelin (ghrelin-C10) exhibit different biological actions. This mini review highlights the current knowledge of the differential actions of ghrelin-C8 and ghrelin-C10 from studies in the tilapia model. These findings suggest that the multiple forms of ghrelin may exhibit distinct yet complimentary actions directed toward maintaining overall energy balance in other vertebrates.
Developmental axon stretch stimulates neuron growth while maintaining normal electrical activity, intracellular calcium flux, and somatic morphology

Elongation of nerve fibers intuitively occurs throughout mammalian development, and is synchronized with expansion of the growing body. While most tissue systems enlarge through mitosis and differentiation, elongation of nerve fibers is remarkably unique. The emerging paradigm suggests that axons undergo stretch as contiguous tissues enlarge between the proximal and distal segments of spanning nerve fibers. While stretch is distinct from growth, tension is a known stimulus which regulates the growth of axons. Here, we hypothesized that the axon stretch-growth process may be a natural form of injury, whereby regenerative processes fortify elongating axons in order to prevent disconnection. Harnessing the live imaging capability of our axon stretch-growth bioreactors, we assessed neurons both during and following stretch for biomarkers associated with injury. Utilizing whole-cell patch clamp recording, we found no evidence of changes in spontaneous action potential activity or degradation of elicited action potentials during real-time axon stretch at strains of up to 18% applied over 5 min. Unlike traumatic axonal injury, functional calcium imaging of the soma revealed no shifts in free intracellular calcium during axon stretch. Finally, the cross-sectional areas of nuclei and cytoplasms were normal, with no evidence of chromatolysis following week-long stretch-growth limited to the lower of 25% strain or 3 mm total daily stretch. The neuronal growth cascade coupled to stretch was concluded to be independent of the changes in membrane potential, action potential generation, or calcium flux associated with traumatic injury. While axon stretch-growth is likely to share overlap with regenerative processes, we conclude that developmental stretch is a distinct stimulus from traumatic axon injury.
An Urban Traffic Network Analysis Method Based on EPs

Urban traffic networks (UT-Nets) and cellular metabolic networks (C-Nets) have many common functional characteristics and internal mechanisms. Based on the similarity and traffic conservation, we use extreme pathways (EPs) to analysis the state of UT-Nets. Experiments showed the EPs method for cell metabolism also can be used in urban traffic network analysis after defining some indicators.
Virtual dropping for endpoint admission control

Endpoint admission control is a scalable QoS mechanism that relies on measuring the amount of lost or marked packets of a probing stream before allowing user data flows to enter the network. The existing approaches can be classified based on whether or not they use a separate traffic class for probing traffic, and whether or not they rely on a marking mechanism. Approaches that use a separate traffic class and rely on a marking mechanism are called out-of-band marking approaches and have proven to be most reliable but are also hard to deploy. As an alternative for out-of-band marking the approach of virtual dropping has been proposed, which discards packets that would have been marked otherwise, based on a virtual queue algorithm, thus removing the requirement of a common marking scheme. This paper compares the behavior of virtual dropping and out-of-band marking. Both mechanisms do not behave exactly the same, but differ slightly.
The Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed Vaccine Generates Protective Antigen (PA)-Specific CD4+ T Cells with a Phenotype Distinct from That of Naïve PA T Cells

ABSTRACT Cellular immune responses against protective antigen (PA) of Bacillus anthracis in subjects that received the anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) vaccine were examined. Multiple CD4+ T-cell epitopes within PA were identified by using tetramer-guided epitope mapping. PA-reactive CD4+ T cells with a CD45RA− phenotype were also detected by direct ex vivo staining of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with PA-specific tetramers. Surprisingly, PA-specific T cells were also detected in PBMC of nonvaccinees after a single cycle of in vitro PA stimulation. However, PA-reactive CD4+ T cells in nonvaccinees occurred at lower frequencies than those in vaccinees. The majority of PA-reactive T cells from nonvaccinees were CD45RA+ and exhibited a Th0/Th1 cytokine profile. In contrast, phenotyping and cytokine profile analyses of PA-reactive CD4+ T cells from vaccinees indicated that vaccination leads to commitment of PA-reactive T cells to a Th2 lineage, including generation of PA-specific, pre-Th2 central memory T cells. These results demonstrate that the current AVA vaccine is effective in skewing the development of PA CD4+ T cells to the Th2 lineage. The data also demonstrated the feasibility of using class II tetramers to analyze CD4+ cell responses and lineage development after vaccination.
Determining the Appropriate Feature Set for Fish Classification Tasks

We present a novel fish classification methodology based on a robust feature selection technique. Unlike existing works for fish classification, which propose descriptors and do not analyze their individual impacts in the whole classification task, we propose a general set of features and their correspondent weights that should be used as a priori information by the classifier. In this sense, instead of studying techniques for improving the classifiers structure itself, we consider it as a "black box" and focus our research in the determination of which input information must bring a robust fish discrimination. All the experiments were performed with fish species of Rio Grande river in Minas Gerais, Brazil. This work has been developed as part of a wider research [3], which has as main goal the development of effective fish ladders for the Brazilian dams.
Detection of distributed targets embedded in homogeneous compound Gaussian clutter with Inverse Gamma texture

The paper deals with detection of distributed targets embedded in compound Gaussian clutter, with Inverse Gamma texture. The proposed detectors are based on Lookup Tables containing threshold factors that maintain a Constant Probability of False Alarm (Pfa). The clutter parameters are estimated online to select the suitable factor to be used in the binary hypothesis test. We model the target energy as spread over a finite number of cells according to the Multiple Dominant scattering centers (MDS) model. Also, binary hypothesis tests are derived using the expression of the overall target energy. Detection Performances of the proposed detectors are analyzed through Monte Carlo simulations considering various clutter parameters and MDS models, and then compared to those of the Cell Averaging based on Lookup Tables (CA-LT) detector. Simulation results indicate that the target energy profile influences significantly the detection performances.
Creating knowledge out of interlinked data

Over the past 3 years, the Semantic Web activity has gained momentum with the widespread publishing of structured data as RDF. The Linked Data paradigm has therefore evolved from a practical research idea into a very promising candidate for addressing one of the biggest challenges in the area of the Semantic Web vision: the exploitation of the Web as a platform for data and information integration. To translate this initial success into a world-scale reality, a number of research challenges need to be addressed: the performance gap between relational and RDF data management has to be closed, coherence and quality of data published on the Web have to be improved, provenance and trust on the Linked Data Web must be established and generally the entrance barrier for data publishers and users has to be lowered. In this vision statement we discuss these challenges and argue, that research approaches tackling these challenges should be integrated into a mutual refinement cycle. We also present two crucial use-cases for the widespread adoption of Linked Data.
Search For New Targets of Deep Brain Stimulation For Epilepsy Treatment

Although clinical trials in refractory epilepsy are currently carried out, the field of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in epilepsy is still at its initial stage. Little is known about where, when and how to stimulate and what would be the short and long consequences. Animal studies might provide clinicians with new ideas regarding targets for DBS. Here an overview is given regarding old and new targets in rodent models of temporal lobe epilepsy. The evidence from animal models showed that stimulation of the subiculum – either in responsive or scheduled manner - is anticonvulsant in different seizure and epilepsy models, indicating that the subiculum might be a promising candidate for DBS targets. For the rest, the antiepileptic effects of low frequency stimulation were established mostly in kindling models. The presence of a critical time window in which stimulation was effective following after discharges on kindling acquisition, demonstrates that timing of DBS is an important factor for the anticonvulsant effects of DBS.
New Combinatorial Construction Techniques for Low-Density Parity-Check Codes and Systematic Repeat-Accumulate Codes

This paper presents several new construction techniques for low-density parity-check (LDPC) and systematic repeat-accumulate (RA) codes. Based on specific classes of combinatorial designs, the improved code design focuses on high-rate structured codes with constant column weights 3 and higher. The proposed codes are efficiently encodable and exhibit good structural properties. Experimental results on decoding performance with the sum-product algorithm show that the novel codes offer substantial practical application potential, for instance, in high-speed applications in magnetic recording and optical communications channels.
Collen on Cerebral Ischemic Infarction and Pulmonary Clot Lysis in Hamster Models Comparative Effects of Tissue Plasminogen Activator , Streptokinase , and Staphylokinase

Background—The effects of alteplase (rtPA), streptokinase, and staphylokinase (rSak) on focal cerebral ischemia (FCI) and on pulmonary clot lysis (PCL) were studied in hamsters. Methods and Results—FCI was produced by ligation of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) and common carotid artery (CCA) and a 10-minute occlusion of the right CCA. FCI was measured after 24 hours by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.I-fibrin–labeled plasma clots were injected via the jugular vein, and clot lysis was determined from residual radioactivity at 90 minutes. Study drugs were given intravenously over 60 minutes. FCI increased from 1.2 (0.27 to 2.3) mm (median and 17th to 83rd percentile range, n 524) in controls to 19 to 27 mm 3 with thrombolytic agent, with maximal rates at 0.1360. 05 mg/kg rtPA, 0.2360. 09 mg/kg streptokinase, and 0.03760. 025 mg/kg rSak. PCL increased from 18 62% (mean6SEM, n527) in controls to'85% with thrombolytics, with maximal rates at 0.12 60.03 mg/kg rtPA, 0.1760. 05 mg/kg streptokinase, and 0.018 60.002 mg/kg rSak. All agents caused maximal FCI and PCL rates at similar doses without a2-antiplasmin and fibrinogen depletion. Injection of 6 mg/kg human plasminogen combined with streptokinase caused a “systemic fibrinolytic state” with fibrinogen depletion. Maximal rates of FCI were obtained with 0.097 60.077 mg/kg streptokinase ( P50.26 versus streptokinase alone) and of PCL with 0.010 60. 02 mg/kg (P50.006 versus streptokinase alone). Conclusions—Thrombolytic agents cause similar dose-related extension of FCI after MCA ligation and PCL, irrespective of the agent or systemic plasmin generation. (Circulation. 1999;100:2541-2546.)
New Logic Synthesis as Nanotechnology Enabler

Nanoelectronics comprises a variety of devices whose electrical properties are more complex as compared to CMOS, thus enabling new computational paradigms. The potentially large space for innovation has to be explored in the search for technologies that can support large-scale and high-performance circuit design. Within this space, we analyze a set of emerging technologies characterized by a similar computational abstraction at the design level, i.e., a binary comparator or a majority voter. We demonstrate that new logic synthesis techniques, natively supporting this abstraction, are the technology enablers. We describe models and data-structures for logic design using emerging technologies and we show results of applying new synthesis algorithms and tools. We conclude that new logic synthesis methods are required to both evaluate emerging technologies and to achieve the best results in terms of area, power and performance.
Ieee Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement

—We have developed two passive millimeter-wave (mmW) imagers for terrestrial remote sensing: one is an integrated imaging and spectroscopy system in the 146-154 GHz range with 16 channels of 500 MHz bandwidth each and the other is a single channel dual polarized imaging radiometer in the 70-100 GHz range. The imaging in both systems is implemented through translation of a 15cm Gaussian dielectric imaging lens. We compared the outdoor images of objects like car, vegetation, sky, and ground by both the systems under various weather conditions including clear, cloudy and rainy times. Ray-tracing simulation with radiative transfer equation was used to quantify the polarization diversity of the acquired images.
Optimal Cutoff Scores for Alzheimer’s Disease Using the Chinese Version of Mini-Mental State Examination Among Chinese Population Living in Rural Areas

To explore the optimal cutoff score for initial detection of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) through the Chinese version of Mini-Mental State Examination (CMMSE) in rural areas in China, we conducted a cross-sectional study within the Linxian General Population Nutritional Follow-up study. 16,488 eligible cohort members participated in the survey and 881 completed the CMMSE. Among 881 participants, the median age (Interquartile range) was 69.00 (10.00), 634 (71.92%) were female, 657 (74.57%) were illiterate, 35 (3.97%) had 6 years of education or higher, and 295 (33.48%) were diagnosed with AD. By reducing the CMMSE criteria for illiterate to 16 points, primary school to 19 points, and middle school or higher to 23 points, the efficiency of Chinese version of Mini-Mental State Examination can be significantly improved for initial detection of AD in rural areas in China, especially in those nutrition deficient areas.
A seamless content delivery scheme for flow mobility in Content Centric Network

Recently smart devices include various interfaces to communicate using 3G, LTE, WiFi and Bluetooth. Additionally a research, named flow mobility, which maintains seamless communication session has progressed using different interfaces in the smart device. Content Centric Network which is one of the Future Internet research issues is studied to solve a problem which is occurred by node mobility. In this paper we propose an efficient and seamless content delivery scheme using flow mobility in CCN. To solve mobility problem in CCN, we introduce a mobility scenario with proposed scheme.
Adoção da Metodologia Extreme Programming para Construção de Sofware

O presente trabalho trata da possível utilização e adoção da metodologia Extreme Programming (XP) no desenvolvimento de software livre por comunidades desenvolvedoras. Como a cada dia surgem novas comunidades de software livre e este tipo de desenvolvimento se torna cada vez mais popular, sente-se um anseio para que se busque uma melhoria neste código desenvolvido coletivamente e conseqüentemente a sua qualidade. O objetivo é que como resultado este trabalho possa fornecer informações para estas comunidades a fim de tornarem o software desenvolvido por elas um software com maior maturidade e absorvendo as vantagens que XP oferece.