Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring auditory-motor interactions in normal and disordered speech

Auditory feedback plays an important role in speech motor learning and in the online correction of speech movements. Speakers can detect and correct auditory feedback errors at the segmental and suprasegmental levels during ongoing speech. The frontal brain regions that contribute to these corrective movements have also been shown to be more active during speech in persons who stutter (PWS) compared to fluent speakers. Further, various types of altered auditory feedback can temporarily improve the fluency of PWS, suggesting that atypical auditory-motor interactions during speech may contribute to stuttering disfluencies. To investigate this possibility, we have developed and improved Audapter, a software that enables configurable dynamic perturbation of the spatial and temporal content of the speech auditory signal in real time. Using Audapter, we have measured the compensatory responses of PWS to static and dynamic perturbations of the formant content of auditory feedback and compared these responses with those from matched fluent controls. Our findings indicate deficient utilization of auditory feedback by PWS for short-latency online control of the spatial and temporal parameters of articulation during vowel production and during running speech. These findings provide further evidence that stuttering is associated with aberrant auditory-motor integration during speech.
X-Ray Scattering from an Electron Gas

We show that the x-ray scattering from an electron gas in the large-momentum-transfer regime ($k\ensuremath{\gg}\frac{{P}_{F}}{\ensuremath{\hbar}}$) is a direct measure of the one-dimensional momentum distribution of the particles (including correlations). If the recoiling electron's momentum is measured in coincidence with the scattered x ray, then one can (in principle) measure the complete three-dimensional momentum distribution function.
An out-of-plane galactic carbon monoxide survey

Galactic CO line emission at 115 GHz has been surveyed in the region from 15 to 60 deg galactic longitude and from about -1.5 to 1.5 deg latitude. In addition to confirming the findings of previous in-plane surveys that galactic CO emission is concentrated in a ring 6 kpc in radius, a fit of a cylindrically symmetric galactic model to the observational data has provided a determination of the thickness of this molecular ring and its displacement from the conventional galactic plane, both as functions of galactocentric distance. The average half-thickness at half-maximum of the molecular ring is 59 pc, and the average displacement of the ring with respect to the galactic equatorial plane is -40 pc.
Faster Amortized FHEW bootstrapping using Ring Automorphisms

Amortized bootstrapping oﬀers a way to simultaneously refresh many ciphertexts of a fully homomorphic encryption scheme, at a total cost comparable to that of refreshing a single ciphertext. An amortization method for FHEW-style cryptosystems was ﬁrst proposed by (Micciancio and Sorrell, ICALP 2018), who showed that the amortized cost of bootstrapping n FHEW-style ciphertexts can be reduced from ˜ O ( n ) basic cryptographic operations to just ˜ O ( n (cid:15) ) , for any constant (cid:15) > 0 . However, despite the promising asymptotic saving, the algorithm was rather impractical due to a large constant (exponential in 1 /(cid:15) ) hidden in the asymptotic notation. In this work, we propose an alternative amortized bootstrapping method with much smaller overhead, still achieving O ( n (cid:15) ) asymptotic amortized cost, but with a hidden constant that is only linear in 1 /(cid:15) , and with reduced noise growth. This is achieved following the general strategy of (Micciancio and Sorrell), but replacing their use of the Nuss-baumer transform, with a much more practical Number Theoretic Transform, with multiplication by twiddle factors implemented using ring automorphisms. A key technical ingredient to do this is a new “scheme switching” technique proposed in this paper which may be of independent interest.
S0033291721002154jra 805..813

Background. Little is known about the neural correlates of dissociative amnesia, a transdiagnostic symptom mostly present in the dissociative disorders and core characteristic of dissociative identity disorder (DID). Given the vital role of the hippocampus in memory, a prime candidate for investigation is whether total and/or subfield hippocampal volume can serve as biological markers of dissociative amnesia. Methods. A total of 75 women, 32 with DID and 43 matched healthy controls (HC), underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Using Freesurfer (version 6.0), volumes were extracted for bilateral global hippocampus, cornu ammonis (CA) 1–4, the granule cell molecular layer of the dentate gyrus (GC-ML-DG), fimbria, hippocampal−amygdaloid transition area (HATA), parasubiculum, presubiculum and subiculum. Analyses of covariance showed volumetric differences between DID and HC. Partial correlations exhibited relationships between the three factors of the dissociative experience scale scores (dissociative amnesia, absorption, depersonalisation/derealisation) and traumatisation measures with hippocampal global and subfield volumes. Results. Hippocampal volumes were found to be smaller in DID as compared with HC in bilateral global hippocampus and bilateral CA1, right CA4, right GC-ML-DG, and left presubiculum. Dissociative amnesia was the only dissociative symptom that correlated uniquely and significantly with reduced bilateral hippocampal CA1 subfield volumes. Regarding traumatisation, only emotional neglect correlated negatively with bilateral global hippocampus, bilateral CA1, CA4 and GC-ML-DG, and right CA3. Conclusion. We propose decreased CA1 volume as a biomarker for dissociative amnesia. We also propose that traumatisation, specifically emotional neglect, is interlinked with dissociative amnesia in having a detrimental effect on hippocampal volume.
S0033291721002452jra 1021..1029

Background. Although executive impairment has been reported in mania, its brain functional correlates have been relatively little studied. This study examined goal management, believed to be more closely related to executive impairment in daily life than other executive tasks, using a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm in patients in this illness phase. Methods. Twenty-one currently manic patients with bipolar disorder and 30 matched healthy controls were scanned while performing the Computerized Multiple Elements Test (CMET). This requires participants to sequentially play four simple games, with transition between games being made either voluntarily (executive condition) or automatically (control condition). Results. CMET performance was impaired in the manic patients compared to the healthy controls. Manic patients failed to increase activation in the lateral frontal, cingulate and inferior parietal cortex when the executive demands of the task increased, while this increase was observed in the healthy controls. Activity in these regions was associated with task performance. Conclusions. Manic patients show evidence of impaired goal management, which is associated with a pattern of reduced medial and lateral frontal and parietal activity.
Carbon-nanotube tips for scanning probe microscopy: Preparation by a controlled process and observation of deoxyribonucleic acid

We report a controlled process to make carbon-nanotube tips for scanning probe microscopes. The process consists of three steps: (1) purification and alignment of carbon nanotubes using electrophoresis, (2) transfer of a single aligned nanotube onto a conventional Si tip under the view of a scanning electron microscope, and (3) attachment of the nanotube on the Si tip by carbon deposition. Nanotube tips fabricated using this procedure exhibit strong adhesion and are mechanically robust. Finally, the performance of these tips is demonstrated by imaging the fine structure of twinned deoxyribonucleic acid with tapping-mode atomic force microscopy in air.
An example of numerical simulation in causal set dynamics

The model of a discrete pregeometry on a microscopic scale is an x-graph. This is a directed acyclic graph. An outdegree and an indegree of each vertex are not more than 2. The sets of vertices and edges of x-graph are particular cases of causal sets. The sequential growth of a graph is an addition of new vertices one by one. A simple stochastic algorithm of sequential growth of x-graph are considered. It is based on a random walk at the x-graph. The particles in this model must be self-organized repetitive structures. We introduce the method of search of such repetitive structures. It is based on a discrete Fourier transformation. An example of numerical simulation is introduced.
S1759078722000046jra 102..111

A low profile printed slot antenna (PSA) backed by broadband stacked artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is introduced in this study. First, a suggested PSA with the radiating tapered slots excited by coplanar-waveguide (CPW) is used to expand the bandwidth in the measured range of 9.05–10.95 GHz (S11≤−10 dB). Then, the suggested stacked AMC surface as the ground plane of the antenna is inserted into the PSA to gain improved radiation efficiency. The realized result from the PSA with the 11 × 17 stacked AMC array exhibits −10 dB measured impedance bandwidth from 6.97 to 13.34 GHz (62.73%). The suggested PSA with AMC compared to the PSA without AMC exhibits a size reduction of 52%, enhanced bandwidth of almost 44%, and excellent impedance matching with uni-directional radiation patterns. The novel AMC unit cell is realized based on the recognized method of stacked elements. The stacked AMC design operates at 10.63 GHz with an AMC bandwidth of 8–12.84 GHz (45.8%) for X-band operation. Besides, by introducing a specific method based on the reflection results of the equivalent waveguide feed, the number of AMC unit cells is investigated to obtain an optimal AMC array. In this approach, an equivalent waveguide feed corresponding to the center operating frequency is considered to choose the number of AMC array reflector.
ASPECTS OF LINEAR STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR HIGHER-ORDER FINITE-DIFFERENCE METHODS

This paper attempts to clarify some issues in stability analysis which are especially pertinent to higher-order finite-difference approximations of hyperbolic partial differential equations. Examples are given which illustrate the difficulties which can arise in analyzing the stability of higher-order methods, especially those which result in non-normal operator matrices. Stability tests discussed include Fourier analysis, asymptotic stability (often referred to as the matrix method), and e-pseudoeigenvalues. Many of the criticisms of the asymptotic stability test are addressed. In particular, the following conjecture is presented: the combination of stability by Fourier analysis and asymptotic stability is sufficient for Lax-Richtmyer stability and is necessary and sufficient for P-stability. An example is given for which the e-pseudoeigenvalues fail to reveal an instability. For the same example, the singular value decomposition is shown to be a useful tool in stability analysis.
Identification of New Mutations in Glycoprotein lba Gene

We investigated two unrelated patients with Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) by performing molecular and genetic analysis. A flow cytometric and immunoblotting analysis showed GP Iba to be absent from the platelet membrane of both patients. Other glycoproteins that formed GP IblIXIV complex were present on the platelets, but in decreased amounts. Therefore, GP Iba gene from both cases was sequenced after PCR amplification and subcloning. We identified a homozygous mutation of a dinucleotide deletion within the TGTG repeat at cDNA number 972 to 975 in GP Iba gene from Case 1. In Case 2, compound heterozygosity was demonstrated in GP Iba gene; an insertion of a single base (T) at cDNA number 1,418 in one allele, and a deletion of a single base (A) within the ? -adenine repeat at cDNA number 1,438 to 1,444 in another allele. The three new mutations in both patients appeared to cause a frameshift, which created a new termination codon shortly thereafter, and thus lead to a GP Iba deficiency on the platelet membrane. Truncated mutant proteins could be detected in the plasma and platelets of Case 2, but not of Case 1. According to these findings, it is thus supposed that the properties and conformation of additional COOH-terminal peptides, which were supposedly synthesized as results of the mutations, may have an important role on the processing of mutant GP Iba in megakaryocytes and platelets.
A technique for using measured ionospheric density gradients and GPS occultations for inferring the nighttime ionospheric electron density

We present a technique for using the measured variations of ultraviolet emissions produced by radiative recombination at 911 or 1356 Å in conjunction with occultations of Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites observed from a low Earth‐orbiting satellite to infer the two‐dimensional structure of the nighttime ionosphere. We present the results of simulations that demonstrate the applicability and accuracy of the algorithm and observational concept. Our technique uses UV nadir radiances to infer the electron density gradients and total electron content measurements at the limb from an onboard GPS receiver to infer the altitude versus latitude structure of the ionosphere. To test our technique, we simulated “data” in a region of high gradient using the international reference ionosphere (IRI‐90; Bilitza [1990]) to generate the ionosphere. In the simulation the satellite was assumed to be in a polar orbit at 750 km, the proposed altitude for the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) satellites. We simulated the limb total electron content (TEC) and the nadir radiances and superimposed noise on these “data. ” These data were then inverted using a newly developed algorithm that assumes a constant altitude variation of the electron density with latitude but scales this profile shape by the peak electron density, which varies with latitude. We find that our technique more accurately determines the electron density than direct inversion of the TEC data using Abel inversion techniques.
Accuracy of trajectories as determined from the conservation of meteorological tracers

Dynamical structures as well as transport processes are often investigated using trajectories. Several alternative techniques are currently in use to calculate trajectories, which may produce significantly different results. In this study, three‐dimensional, isentropic, isobaric and isoeta (terrain‐following coordinate surfaces) trajectories are calculated. In the case of the isentropic trajectories, both the kinematic and the dynamic calculation method are applied.
A Fast Approach for Reduction of Torque Ripple on BLDC Motor

This paper represents a fast approach for reduction of torque ripple on brushless DC (BLDC) motor. From a classic motor model, a mathematics component of torque ripple is extracted. To reduce the ripple component, a small modification of PWM and an open-loop control algorithm are made in the inverter of BLDC motor. At last, our paper describes and analyzes the simulation results of this approach by using PSIM. Without any sensors or advanced controllers, this approach can work in most BLDC motor drivers just after software update.
Graphene disk as an ultra compact ring resonator based on edge propagating plasmons

We report a plasmonic structure consisting of a graphene ribbon and a graphene disk. The plasmonic structure can work as a promising waveguide-ring resonator in ultra compact devices, in which the ribbon and the disk support different surface plasmons. We prove that disk's resonant modes are edge propagating surface plasmons. Strong optical coupling between the ribbon and the disk occurs when the momentum mismatch between plasmons in the ribbon and plasmons in the disk is weak. We also investigate the dependence of the optical coupling on the distances between the ribbon and the disk in parallel and vertical directions.
Cell parameter determination of a twisted-nematic liquid crystal display by single-wavelength polarimetry

Optical transmittance of a 90-twisted nematic liquid crystal cell inserted between crossed or parallel polarizers is neither sensitive to the molecular twist sense nor to the exchange between the extraordinary and the ordinary birefringence axis at the input face of the cell. In this article, the equivalence between a twisted-nematic liquid crystal cell and the combination of a retardation wave plate and a polarization rotator is fully exploited to understand the physical origin of these ambiguities. We determine, in a simple way, cell parameters by means of standard cell transmittance measurements when both crossed and parallel polarizers are rotated simultaneously. We show that this procedure, which is subjected to the aforementioned ambiguities, can be completed by additional polarimetric measurements. In particular, we demonstrate that the twist angle, twist sense, retardation, and the rubbing direction can be univocally determined by experimental measurement of the Stokes parameters of the light tran.
Two‐dimensional modeling of magnetically driven Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities in cylindrical Z pinches

A two‐dimensional computational methodology has been developed that uses a phenomenological representation of initial perturbations to model the evolution of magnetically driven Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities in a hollow Z pinch. The perturbed drive current waveform and x‐ray output obtained from the two‐dimensional models differ qualitatively from the results of unperturbed (one‐dimensional) models. Furthermore, the perturbed results reproduce the principle features measured in a series of capacitor bank‐driven pulsed power experiments. In this paper we discuss the computational approach and the computational sensitivity to initial conditions (including the initial perturbations). Representative examples are also presented of instability evolution during implosions, and the results are compared with experimentally measured current waveforms and visible framing camera images of perturbed implosions. Standard magnetohydrodynamic modeling, which includes instability growth in two dimensions, is found to repr.
Ensemble-transfer-learning-based channel parameter prediction in asymmetric massive MIMO systems

为降低第六代移动网络中的数据处理负担和硬件成本, 非对称大规模多入多出(multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO)系统被提出。 然而, 在非对称大规模MIMO系统中, 上行和下行无线信道之间的互易性是无效的。 因此, 需要基站和用户设备都发送导频来预测双向信道, 这会消耗更多传输和计算资源。 本文提出一种基于集成迁移学习的非对称大规模MIMO系统的信道参数预测方法, 可以预测多个下行信道参数, 包括路径损耗、多径数、时延扩展和角度扩展。 选择上行信道参数和环境特征来预测下行参数。 此外, 提出一种基于SHAP(SHapley Additive exPlanations)值和最小描述长度标准的两步特征选择算法, 以降低由弱相关或不相关特征引起的计算复杂度和对模型准确性的负面影响。 引入实例迁移方法, 以支持预测模型应对在新的传播条件下难以在短时间内收集足够训练数据的问题。 仿真结果表明, 该方法比反向传播神经网络和3GPP TR 38.901信道模型更准确。 当波束宽度或通信扇区发生变化时, 所提出的基于实例迁移的方法在预测下行参数方面优于没有迁移学习的方法。 Asymmetric massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems have been proposed to reduce the burden of data processing and hardware cost in sixth-generation mobile networks (6G). However, in the asymmetric massive MIMO system, reciprocity between the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) wireless channels is not valid. As a result, pilots are required to be sent by both the base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) to predict double-directional channels, which consumes more transmission and computational resources. In this paper we propose an ensemble-transfer-learning-based channel parameter prediction method for asymmetric massive MIMO systems. It can predict multiple DL channel parameters including path loss (PL), multipath number, delay spread (DS), and angular spread. Both the UL channel parameters and environment features are chosen to predict the DL parameters. Also, we propose a two-step feature selection algorithm based on the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) value and the minimum description length (MDL) criterion to reduce the computation complexity and negative impact on model accuracy caused by weakly correlated or uncorrelated features. In addition, the instance transfer method is introduced to support the prediction model in new propagation conditions, where it is difficult to collect enough training data in a short time. Simulation results show that the proposed method is more accurate than the back propagation neural network (BPNN) and the 3GPP TR 38.901 channel model. Additionally, the proposed instance-transfer-based method outperforms the method without transfer learning in predicting DL parameters when the beamwidth or the communication sector changes.
On optimization of cooperative MIMO for underlaid secrecy Industrial Internet of Things

In this paper, physical layer security techniques are investigated for cooperative multi-input multi-output (C-MIMO), which operates as an underlaid cognitive radio system that coexists with a primary user (PU). The underlaid secrecy paradigm is enabled by improving the secrecy rate towards the C-MIMO receiver and reducing the interference towards the PU. Such a communication model is especially suitable for implementing Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems in the unlicensed spectrum, which can trade off spectral efficiency and information secrecy. To this end, we propose an eigenspace-adaptive precoding (EAP) method and formulate the secrecy rate optimization problem, which is subject to both the single device power constraint and the interference power constraint. This precoder design is enabled by decomposing the original optimization problem into eigenspace selection and power allocation sub-problems. Herein, the eigenvectors are adaptively selected by the transmitter according to the channel conditions of the underlaid users and the PUs. In addition, a simplified EAP method is proposed for large-dimensional C-MIMO transmission, exploiting the additional spatial degree of freedom for a low-complexity secrecy precoder design. Numerical results show that by transmitting signal and artificial noise in the properly selected eigenspace, C-MIMO can eliminate the secrecy outage and outperforms the fixed eigenspace precoding methods. Moreover, the proposed simplified EAP method for the large-dimensional C-MIMO can significantly improve the secrecy rate. 本文研究协作多输入多输出(cooperative multi-input multi-output, C-MIMO)系统中的物理层安全技术, 该技术可以被用于主次用户共存的衬底式认知无线电网络, 并通过提高次级C-MIMO接收机的安全速率同时减少对主用户的干扰来实现上述安全通信范式。 该通信模型尤其适合应用于基于非授权频谱的工业互联网安全传输场景, 可以实现频谱效率和安全速率的有效平衡和折衷。 为此, 我们提出一种特征空间自适应预编码(eigenspace-adaptive precoding, EAP)方法, 并给出在单站发射功率约束和干扰功率约束下的安全速率优化问题。 通过将原始优化问题分解为预编码特征空间选择和功率分配两个子问题, 来实现安全预编码器的设计, 其中, 特征空间由发射机根据主用户和次级用户的信道条件进行自适应选择。 此外, 本文针对海量设备、大维天线系统提出一种简化的EAP方法, 该方法充分利用大维天线的空间自由度来降低安全预编码优化的复杂度。 仿真结果表明, 在自适应选择的特征空间中传输信号和人工噪声, C-MIMO系统可以完全消除保密中断概率, 获得相比固定特征空间预编码方案更高的安全速率。 此外, 针对大维C-MIMO提出的简化EAP方法可以显著提高安全速率。