Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INDM: Chiplet-Based Interconnect Network and Dataflow Mapping for DNN Accelerators

Chiplet-based deep neural network (DNN) accelerator is a promising solution to balance the performance and manufacturing cost. However, different from monolithic chips, interconnect network design and architectural partitioning for multiple chiplets would result in a huge design space and make it difficult to keep scalability and high hardware utilization. Moreover, how to efficiently map DNN workloads onto multiple DRAM dies and compute dies is another major challenge. To alleviate the above issues, in this work, we propose INDM, a chiplet-based interconnect network and dataflow mapping co-optimization for DNN accelerators. First, we propose an efficient hierarchical interconnect network composed of a multiring on-die network and a cluster-based interdie network, to facilitate the data reuse and traffic pattern in DNN workloads. Second, architectural partitioning and topology exploration for chiplet-based DNN accelerators are proposed to find the optimal architecture configurations. Third, an interdie communication-aware dataflow mapping is proposed to minimize traffic congestion during DNN layer switching. We implement the proposed chiplet-based interconnect network design and dataflow mapping algorithm for a set of popular DNN models, including VGG-16, ResNet-18, DarkNet-19, ResNet-50, and ResNet-101. Experimental results show that as compared with the state-of-the-art related work, such as NN-Baton and SIMBA, our work achieves 26.00%–73.81% energy-delay-product (EDP) reduction and 26.93%–79.78% latency reduction.
Dynamic, structured heterogeneity of water isotopes inside hillslopes

Use of the stable isotopes of water (δD, δ18O) to determine vegetative water sources, runoff paths, and residence times generally assumes that, other than shallow evaporative enrichment, the isotopic composition of precipitation is conserved as it travels through the subsurface to the stream channel. Here we follow rainfall through a thick (up to 25m) vadose zone of soil, saprolite, and weathered bedrock mostly composed of argillite, and underlying a steep (32°) forested hillslope. We discover a persistent structured heterogeneity of water isotopes inside the hillslope. Summer dry season causes evaporative enrichment of the soil, but not in the saprolite and weathered bedrock. In winter, the mobile water, generated by successive rainstorms with widely varying isotopic composition, mixes in the vadose zone, elevating soil and rock moisture content, and eventually recharging the groundwater with isotopically invariant water similar to the seasonally averaged rainfall. Yet throughout the winter the less mobile winter soil and rock moisture remains relatively light, and water extracted from the interior of argillite lies well to the left of the local meteoric water line. This persistently light composition of soil and rock moisture and the deviation from average meteoric values suggest that subsurface fractionation, or the inheritance of paleo‐meteoric rock moisture associated with rock uplift may lead to large enduring isotopic differences between high and low mobility water. These differences suggest that the use of water isotopes as tracers must consider the possibility of subsurface isotopic evolution and the influence of exchange with more tightly held water.
Extracting Place Functionality From Crowdsourced Textual Data Using Semantic Space Modeling

Place has gained significant attention in geographic information science. Places are described by users that make a huge amount of user-generated textual contents. This research introduces a novel approach to extract place functionality using crowdsourcing textual data, which are shared in the form of online reviews. To achieve this goal, salient features are modeled as directions in a domain-specific semantic space. We propose an unsupervised method that only requires a Bag-of-Words (BoW) of place reviews and utilizes Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods. Finally, a probabilistic multi-label functionality for each place is predicted using the semantic space constructed based on the salient feature directions, and the maximum probability is defined as the main functionality of place. The functionality of ‘Hotels’ is determined with an average accuracy of 88.52%, while the efficiency of extracting ‘Attractions’, ‘FoodPlaces’, and ‘Shoppings’ functionalities is 65.66%, 64.99%, and 12.70%, respectively. The proposed method can help users to find places that afford a specific functionality and can improve decisions in urban planning.
Influence of a Distantly Located Typhoon, a Weak Westerly Trough and Orography on the Intense Rainfall on 14-15 September 1965 over Gifu and Fukui Prefectures of Japan

Influence of a distantly located typhoon (TY), a weak westerly trough, and orography on the intense rainfall on September 14̶15, 1965 over Gifu and Fukui Prefectures (~36°N, 137°E) in central Japan is studied by using European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts 40-year reanalysis data and upper, surface, and local rain-gauge observation data. Prior to the intense rainfall, a long arc-shaped moisture front was intensified on September 13 along the northern periphery of the outer circulation of TY Tix (6524), which was distantly located from Japan. A rainfall of 50̶100 mm d −1 occurred in a long rainbelt along the Pacific coast of Japan, associated with the low-level convergence in the moisture front. A small depression formed over the Japan Sea on September 14 under the influence of a weak westerly shortwave trough in the middle troposphere. In the lower troposphere, a Λ-shaped trough extended from the outer circulation of the TY toward the depression and the moisture front protruded locally northward to the depression. Concurrently, with the protrusion of the moisture front, a meso-α-scale (~500 km) intense rainfall area protruded northward. In the mesoα-scale intense rain area, a south̶north oriented narrow rainband formed along the east side of Suzuka-Ibuki Mountains on September 14. A maximum precipitation of ~800 mm d −1 occurred in the rainband. This case may fall under “intense rainfall remotely affected by TY. ” However, the present case is different from other cases studied in previous articles in that very intense precipitation occurred in a narrow south̶north oriented rainband formed along mountains under the influence of the weak westerly shortwave trough.
Effect of cardiac rehabilitation therapy on depressed patients with cardiac insufficiency after cardiac surgery

Abstract This study aims to analyze the effect of cardiac rehabilitation therapy on cardiac autonomic nervous function in patients with cardiac insufficiency complicated with anxiety depression after cardiac operation to provide a reference for clinical practice. A total of 109 patients subject to cardiac operation in our hospital from January 2020 to March 2023 were enrolled as study subjects, including 50 patients who received conventional rehabilitation therapy (control group) and 69 patients who received cardiac rehabilitation therapy (research group). Before and after treatment, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and central venous pressure (CVP) were determined, and the level of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was measured. Low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF), standard deviation of normal to normal (SDNN), and root mean of successive square differences (RMSSD) were measured by a multi-lead ECG system. Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Activity of daily living (ADL), and Barthel Index (BI) were applied for corresponding investigations, as well as the 6-min walk test (6MWT). After treatment, the research group showed higher LVEF, CVP, LF/HF, SDNN, and RMSSD, and lower NT-proBNP, SAS, and SDS than the control group (P < 0.05). Significantly elevated ADL score, BI, and 6MWT and reduced PSQI were observed in both groups after treatment, with more remarkable changes in the research group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, cardiac rehabilitation therapy effectively improved the cardiac function of patients with cardiac insufficiency complicated with anxiety and depression after the cardiac operation and alleviated their negative emotions.
Intraoperative parameters and postoperative follow-up of foam-based intraperitoneal chemotherapy (FBIC)

Background: For decades, intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) has been delivered into the abdominal cavity as a liquid solution. Recently the concept of foam as a carrier-solution for IPC was suggested. This in-vivo swine study aims to evaluate the safety, intraoperative parameters, limitations and postoperative complications of foam-based intraperitoneal chemotherapy (FBIC). Methods: Three 65-day-old swine received FBIC with doxorubicin in a laparoscopy setting. Intraoperative parameters were monitored throughout the procedure and an extensive postoperative laboratory monitoring was conducted for 7 days. At day seven an autopsy was performed for further evaluation. Results: The insufflation of FBIC caused a temporary rise in blood pressure and a simultaneous drop in heart rate. Capnography detected a continuous increase in end-tital CO2 levels. A temporary drop of intraabdominal temperature was noted. Postoperative blood and serum laboratory results did not indicate any organ failure. No indication of intraperitoneal infections was noted and no structural tissue changes were visible in the autopsy. Discussion: The application of FBIC appears to be a feasible approach regarding intraoperative anesthesiology and postoperative surgical management. A lack of postoperative structural changes on the seventh day were a promising sign of safety and biocompatibility. Surgical reintervention would have been possible. To discuss a possible clinical application, further studies are required to investigate long-term safety, pharmacodynamics and the antitumoral potential of FBIC.
Transcriptional changes in the rat brain induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

Introduction Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique that uses pulsed magnetic fields to affect the physiology of the brain and central nervous system. Repetitive TMS (rTMS) has been used to study and treat several neurological conditions, but its complex molecular basis is largely unexplored. Methods Utilizing three experimental rat models (in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo) and employing genome-wide microarray analysis, our study reveals the extensive impact of rTMS treatment on gene expression patterns. Results These effects are observed across various stimulation protocols, in diverse tissues, and are influenced by time and age. Notably, rTMS-induced alterations in gene expression span a wide range of biological pathways, such as glutamatergic, GABAergic, and anti-inflammatory pathways, ion channels, myelination, mitochondrial energetics, multiple neuron-and synapse-specific genes. Discussion This comprehensive transcriptional analysis induced by rTMS stimulation serves as a foundational characterization for subsequent experimental investigations and the exploration of potential clinical applications.
Extracellular vesicle storm during the course of Ebola virus infection in primates

Introduction Ebola virus (EBOV) is an RNA virus of the Filoviridae family that is responsible for outbreaks of hemorrhagic fevers in primates with a lethality rate as high as 90%. EBOV primarily targets host macrophages leading to cell activation and systemic cytokine storm, and fatal infection is associated with an inhibited interferon response, and lymphopenia. The EBOV surface glycoprotein (GP) has been shown to directly induce T cell depletion and can be secreted outside the virion via extracellular vesicles (EVs), though most studies are limited to epithelial cells and underlying mechanisms remain poorly elucidated. Methods To assess the role of GP on EBOV-induced dysregulation of host immunity, we first utilized EBOV virus-like particles (VLPs) expressing VP40 and NP either alone (Bald-VLP) or in conjunction with GP (VLP-GP) to investigate early inflammatory responses in THP-1 macrophages and in a murine model. We then sought to decipher the role of non-classical inflammatory mediators such as EVs over the course of EBOV infection in two EBOV-infected rhesus macaques by isolating and characterizing circulatory EVs throughout disease progression using size exclusion chromatography, nanoparticle tracking-analysis, and LC-MS/MS. Results While all VLPs could induce inflammatory mediators and recruit small peritoneal macrophages, pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene expression was exacerbated by the presence of GP. Further, quantification of EVs isolated from infected rhesus macaques revealed that the concentration of vesicles peaked in circulation at the terminal stage, at which time EBOV GP could be detected in host-derived exosomes. Moreover, comparative proteomics conducted across EV populations isolated from serum at various time points before and after infection revealed differences in host-derived protein content that were most significantly pronounced at the endpoint of infection, including significant expression of mediators of TLR4 signaling. Discussion These results suggest a dynamic role for EVs in the modification of disease states in the context of EBOV. Overall, our work highlights the importance of viral factors, such as the GP, and host derived EVs in the inflammatory cascade and pathogenesis of EBOV, which can be collectively further exploited for novel antiviral development.
A Low-Temperature Poly-Silicon Thin Film Transistor Pixel Circuit for Active-Matrix Simultaneous Neurostimulation

This work reports a novel low-temperature poly-silicon thin-film-transistor-based pixel circuit for active-matrix neurostimulation. The pixel circuit consists of four transistors and one capacitor (4T1C) for programmable current-mode stimulation, which are designed for storing stimulation intensity information, simultaneously stimulating a large number of channels, and discharging stimulation electrodes. Due to the high mobility and low threshold voltages of the devices, the fabricated circuit occupies a pixel area of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$200\times 200\,\,\mu \text{m}\,\,^{\mathrm{ 2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and delivers a stimulation current of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$147 ~\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, sufficient to stimulate a neuron. The turn-on resistance of the fabricated transistor is below 6 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{k}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>, sufficient to be used as switches for bioelectronic applications. By employing a discharging switch transistor, the accumulated charges on the stimulation electrodes were released, and the electrode voltage was reduced to 0.08 V, thus mitigating corrosion. We demonstrated that two pixel circuits at different rows and columns can output stimuli simultaneously without a noticeable delay. This pixel circuit shows high potential to scale up as an active-matrix neurostimulation system with a high channel count.
Symmetric bidirectional quantum teleportation via eight-qubit cluster state

This paper proposes a symmetric bidirectional quantum teleportation protocol through an eight-qubit cluster state as a quantum channel to achieve GHZ state interchange between two parties. Alice and Bob must first perform two CNOT gate operations on the unknown GHZ state to be sent in our scheme. Next, they need to complete the Bell state measurements and the corresponding unitary operations to obtain the corresponding GHZ state. Our protocol has lower operational complexity and higher inherent efficiency compared to other protocols. In addition, we have simulated the quantum circuit on the IBM qasm simulator to verify the feasibility of the protocol.
Emerald ash borer first detector: A volunteer early detection programme

The emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) is a serious forest pest in the United States and its range is expanding. In June 2008, emerald ash borer was confirmed in six US states. As of July 2009, it was confirmed in 13 American states, including Minnesota. Detecting its presence early in an infestation will allow forest managers more management options. University of Minnesota Extension partnered with Minnesota Department of Agriculture, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, and the United States Department of Agriculture Federal National Plant Diagnostic Network, to develop the Emerald Ash Borer First Detectors Programme to help identify the first incidence of emerald ash borer in Minnesota and each Minnesota county. First Detector volunteers are one of the first lines of defence against the establishment of emerald ash borer in Minnesota by helping to identify the first occurrence of emerald ash borer. They can visit properties, collect and safely mail samples to the Minnesota Department of Agriculture, collect seed for genetic conservation, and help educate and inform the public about emerald ash borer. In 2008, 180 First Detector volunteers state-wide were trained in six full-day workshops to identify emerald ash borer and the signs and symptoms of an emerald ash borer infestation. In 2009, the First Detector programme was broadened to include three additional forest pests: gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar Linnaeus), Asian longhorned-beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky), and Sirex woodwasp (Sirex noctilio Fabricius). In 2009, programme organisers trained 233 individuals in the Forest Pest First Detector programme.
Work‐Related ICT Use and the Dissolution of Boundaries Between Work and Private Life

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) promote flexible forms of work. Based on analyses of data from the German BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2018, this article shows that ICT (computer/internet) use is associated with both overtime and better temporal alignment of work and private life. Additional analyses show that these associations differ by gender and parenthood. Especially if also working from home, men with and without children do more overtime when they use ICTs than women with and without children. Better temporal alignment is found only among men without children who use ICTs and work from home compared to women without children.
Prestack and Poststack Wave-Equation Based Demultiple: A Case Study of its Impact on Subsalt Interpretation

In depth migration for marine seismic data, the water-layer related multiples will cause severe artifacts in migration images, sometimes misguiding interpretation. For a deepwater case, we always use surface related multiple elimination (SRME) to suppress the multiples. In recent years, the shallow water multiple elimination (SWME) method is also developed for tackling multiples where the water bottom is relatively shallow (<100m). Furthermore, poststack wave-equation based multiple prediction and subtraction methodology can be utilized to remove residual multiples. In this study, we applied SWME on the original shot gathers followed by the depth migration, using the demultipled data for input. After stacking, we also applied the wave-equation based poststack multiple prediction and subtraction on the stacked image. Comparing the results before and after multiple removals, we can see dramatic improvement in the subsalt area.
Respiratory distress syndrome prediction at birth by optical skin maturity assessment and machine learning models for limited-resource settings: a development and validation study

Background A handheld optical device was developed to evaluate a newborn's skin maturity by assessing the photobiological properties of the tissue and processing it with other variables to predict early neonatal prognosis related to prematurity. This study assessed the device's ability to predict respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Methods To assess the device's utility we enrolled newborns at childbirth in six urban perinatal centers from two multicenter single-blinded clinical trials. All newborns had inpatient follow-up until 72 h of life. We trained supervised machine learning models with data from 780 newborns in a Brazilian trial and provided external validation with data from 305 low-birth-weight newborns from another trial that assessed Brazilian and Mozambican newborns. The index test measured skin optical reflection with an optical sensor and adjusted acquired values with clinical variables such as birth weight and prenatal corticoid exposition for lung maturity, maternal diabetes, and hypertensive disturbances. The performance of the models was evaluated using intrasample k-parts cross-validation and external validation in an independent sample. Results Models adjusting three predictors (skin reflection, birth weight, and antenatal corticoid exposure) or five predictors had a similar performance, including or not maternal diabetes and hypertensive diseases. The best global accuracy was 89.7 (95% CI: 87.4 to 91.8, with a high sensitivity of 85.6% (80.2 to 90.0) and specificity of 91.3% (95% CI: 88.7 to 93.5). The test correctly discriminated RDS newborns in external validation, with 82.3% (95% CI: 77.5 to 86.4) accuracy. Our findings demonstrate a new way to assess a newborn's lung maturity, providing potential opportunities for earlier and more effective care. Trial registration RBR-3f5bm5 (online access: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3f5bm5/), and RBR-33mjf (online access: https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-33rnjf/).
Technological vs. Non-Technological Mindsets: Learning From Mistakes, and Organizational Change Adaptability to Remote Work

The permanent implementation of the change in working methods, e.g., working in the virtual space, is problematic for some employees and, as a result, for management leaders. To explore this issue deeper, this study assumes that mindset type: technological vs. non-technological, may influence the organizational adaptability to change. Moreover, the key interest of this research is how non-technological mindsets adapt to remote work in the long run. Based on the OLS regression (SPSS PROCESS), authors analyze three data sets gathered via the questionnaire distributed using the CAWI method among Polish knowledge workers; the first data set was gathered in December 2019 before the COVID-19 crisis, and the next in 2021 and 2022. Findings revealed that before COVID-19, high intensity of contacts via technology-supported change adaptability only for the IT industry. Results obtained two and three years later exposed that interactions via technology also increased the change adaptability in other sectors. This study confirms that the technological environment can change the employee mindset. Nevertheless, at the same time, the adaptability process can be prolonged and complex even for highly educated knowledge workers’ groups. Since there is no development without technology today - patience and long-run perspective thinking are recommended to achieve sustainable growth. It is critical. Adaptation to technology-dominated virtual workspaces must continue, even if this is problematic for non-technological mindsets; abandoning this idea will only make the inevitable transformation longer and more challenging. Collective intelligence creation requires inclusion and patience instead of exclusion of those who face problems or abandonment of change when facing implementation problems rooted in mindsets.