Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Associated factors of common mental disorders among pregnant women in Northwest, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Maternal mental health is a neglected but major global public health challenge, making a substantial contribution to maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and their determinants among pregnant women in the Northwest of Ethiopia. Data were collected from 872 pregnant women residing at the Dabat Demographic and Surveillance Site via an interviewer-administered, standardized questionnaire using an online data kit (ODK) during June–August 2022. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted, and the odds ratio and 95% con�dence interval were calculated. Common mental disorders among pregnant women were found to be 13.1% (95% CI: 10.9–15.6). Factors signi�cantly associated with antenatal common mental disorders were marital status (being married, AOR = 2.01 95% CI: 110–3.69), residence (rural, AOR = 2.94 95% CI: 1.72–5.04), family history of common mental disorders (yes, AOR = 4.66 95% CI: 2.09–10.70), unplanned pregnancy (yes, AOR = 1.70 95% CI: 1.02–2.81), and intimate partner violence (yes, AOR = 2.43 95% CI: 1.59–3.73). Common mental disorders are common among pregnant women in the study area, and designing high-quality evidence and interventions that would address the aforementioned factors is vital for the mothers as well as the growth and development of the children.
Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition based on Korder Emotional Intensity Model and Facial Expression Sequences

Recently, dynamic facial expression recognition has received more and more attention. As a kind of property of facial expression, emotional intensity has been thought an effective way for dynamic facial expression recognition. However, how to measure the value of emotional intensity is a problem. In this paper, we present a model named K-order emotional intensity model (K-EIM) which is based on K-Means clustering. Different from other related works, the proposed approach can divide emotional intensity into several segments in an unsupervised way. And then the output from K-EIM is encoded by two different coding rules which are used for the dynamic facial expression recognition. As the number of frames that the dynamic facial expression sequence contains is not considered, the proposed approach is convenient in practical use. The experiment is conducted on Cohn-Kanade facial expression database and the support vector machine classifier is used for facial expression classification. This method achieved a dynamic facial expression recognition average accuracy of 82.59% and 99.01%, respectively.
Utilization of Digital Cryptocurrency as a Performance Improvement for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)

Current technological developments greatly affect economic activity, one of which has an impact on e-commerce activities. One of the phenomena that is currently developing is cryptocurrency as a form and development of technology in e-commerce. Improving the standard of living of the community, especially MSMEs, is expected to be overcome by ﬁnancial inclusion which can remove all forms of obstacles. Cryptocurrency improves the global performance of MSMEs to expand their network and is free from transaction fees. The aims of this research are (1) to examine the effect of ﬁnancial inclusion on the performance of MSMEs; (2)toassessthe effectofﬁnancial inclusionondigital cryptocurrencies; (3)assessing the effect of digital cryptocurrency on MSME performance; (4) Assessing the role of digital cryptocurrency which can mediate the effect of ﬁnancial inclusion on MSME performance; (5) Assessing the dominant dimensions of digital cryp-tocurrency in mediating the effect of ﬁnancial inclusion on MSME performance. In this method, the population in this study is MSME digital cryptocurrency users in Jambi Province. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The data analysis method used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) measurement using SmartPLS software. The results of this study are that ﬁnancial inclusion has a positive effect on MSME performance, ﬁnancial inclusion has a positive effect on digital cryptocurrency, digital cryptocurrency has a positive effect on MSME performance, and digital cryptocurrency can play a positive role in mediating the effect of ﬁnancial inclusion on MSME performance.
Energy-proportional Proﬁling and Accounting in Heterogeneous Virtualized Environments

The costs of current data centers are mostly driven by their energy consumption (speciﬁcally by the air conditioning, computing and networking infrastructure). Yet, current pricing models are usually static and rarely consider the facili-ties’ energy consumption per user. The challenge is to provide a fair and predictable model to attribute the overall energy costs per virtual machine (VM) in heterogeneous environments. In this paper we introduce EPAVE, a model for E nergy-P roportional A ccounting in V M-based E nvironments. EPAVE allows transparent, reproducible and predictive cost calculation for users and for Cloud providers. It provides a full-cost model that does not account only for the dynamic energy consumption of a given VM, but also includes the proportional static cost of using a Cloud infrastructure. It comes with PowerIndex, a proﬁling and estimation model, which is able to proﬁle the energy cost of a VM on a given server architecture and can then estimate its energy cost on a diﬀerent one. We provide performance results of PowerIndex on real hardware, and we discuss the use cases and applicability of EPAVE.
Iris Recognition Using Singular Value Decomposition Along With Seven State Hidden Markov Model : A Review

: In this review paper, we. Propose a Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based iris recognition system and. The person is identified using 7-state HMM as classifier and Singular Values Decomposition (SVD) coefficients as features for iris recognition. Using quantized SVD as feature describing blocks of the image, each iris is considered as a numerical sequence that can be easily modeled by HMM.
Maximum Power Point Tracking In Photovoltaic Cells: Design and Implementation

: Photovoltaic Energy is the most important Energy Resource since it is clean pollution free and inexhaustible. In recent years a large number of techniques have been proposed for tracking the Maximum Power Point. Maximum Power Point Tracking is used in photovoltaic system to maximize the photovoltaic output power irrespective of the temperature & irradiance condition. The P-V & I-V characteristic is obtained for various values of solar irradiance & temperature. The method is based on use of Incremental Conductance of the PV & Beta method to determine a Maximum Output Power. MPPT algorithm plays an important role in increasing the efficiency of system, the purpose of this paper is to study and compared two Maximum Power Point Tracking algorithms in a Photovoltaic System.
International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding

Understanding of Islamic banks from year to year began to increase. This can be seen from the number of banks that have implemented the concept of sharia, so that citizens of the majority Muslim community will find it easier if they deal with the savings-saving process and avoid the conventional system. This study aims to describe the development of Islamic financial institutions through Islamic banking in Indonesia. The method used is descriptive qualitative. Data in the form of words, sentences and percentages that show the development of Islamic banking. Data collection techniques use read and record. Data sources are in the form of documents that include books, journal articles, newspapers, and documents that support this research. Data analysis using interactive models. The results showed that economic development in Indonesia has been running quite well and has had a positive impact on society in general although, not all are flat in the community. However, in this case, it is still necessary to have the role of the government and various elements that are considered important enough to supervise and control the course of the economy in Indonesia. Then the development of Islamic Financial Institutions in Indonesia is quite promising, for example, many banks that used to only apply conventional concepts have now opened branches by applying the sharia concept and also the emergence of study programs on Islamic Economics such as Islamic Banking.
Advancing Informal MINT Learning: Preparation and Novelty at a Mobile Laboratory

Over the past 20 years, mobile laboratories and science centers have become part of many science education programs around the world. Designed to pique the interest of youth in science and technology (S&T) topics and careers, these programs are popular among teachers, parents and pupils. However, mounting evidence suggests that pupils experience little or no change in their attitude towards S&T through an experience with these out-of-school learning places (OLSePs), indicating that investigations need to dig deeper into impact factors for program success. The mobiLLab high-technology learning laboratory was developed at the University of Teacher Education in St. Gallen. Through a background investigation, mobiLLab researchers and faculty identified priority factors for investigation. The focus of the study was to explore how classroom preparation, teacher attitude and pupil novelty affect S&T outcomes, which were defined as S&T interest, attitude and self-concept. A mixed-methods pilot investigation was designed to explore the question, How do differences in pre-visit activities and pupil novelty space explain variations in pupils’ S&T outcomes at a mobile laboratory? and the sub-question, To what degree do teachers’ attitudes moderate these variations? Investigators adapted a research framework from Orion and Hofstein’s [1, 2] novelty space theory. The modified mobiLLab novelty space triangle framework captures several factors thought to most influence pupils’ mobiLLab experience: whether they explore or seek direction to work with technology (capability dimension), previous experiences with informal learning programs (setting dimension), and previous related S&T knowledge (cognitive dimension). The spring 2014 pilot study involved 9 teachers and 208 pupils, who completed pre-and post-visit surveys. Investigators also observed mobiLLab school visits and conducted teacher interviews. Like other existing studies about OSLePs, t-test results indicate that pupils experienced little, if any, change in their S&T outcomes between pre-to post-visit surveys. MANCOVA test results suggest that gender, previous experience with OSLePs, and pupils’ exploratory behavior are strong predictors of pupils’ overall S&T outcomes. Changes in pupils’ S&T outcomes from pre-to post-visit surveys could be explained by pupils’ exploratory behavior and differences in classroom preparation time. Similarly, teacher interviews indicate that pupils’ comfort and familiarity with mobiLLab experimental equipment affects their ability to profit from a mobiLLab visit. Perceived teacher attitude about S&T was not found to have a significant effect on pupils’ S&T outcomes. A detailed presentation of pilot results will be followed by discussion of the main study design, which focuses on dispositional ‘trait’ and at-visit ‘state’ novelty factors
A Case Study of the Formative Use of Assessment Information in Secondary Science Subjects in Greece

Formative assessment (FA) has attracted increasing attention from educators, scholars and policy makers over recent years. A range of research studies has shown the effectiveness of the formative use of assessment information in students’ learning. In the Greek educational system, FA and summative assessment (SA) were not separated in classroom assessment in secondary schools until very recently. New regulations in Greece seem to follow the recommendations of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development for balancing external assessments and teacher-based assessments of learning, and integrating student-formative assessments. The aim of this study is to explore the FA practice science teachers use in secondary schools in Greece on a day-to-day basis. A case study approach utilising lesson observations and semi-structured interviews with science teachers was employed to investigate the assessment practices that the participants used on a daily basis, and to evaluate whether they captured the principles of FA. The findings revealed that a few classroom assessment practices that the teachers used on a daily basis reflected some of the principles of FA, but participants emphasised more the summative uses of assessment over formative aspects. Hence, less productive feedback techniques were used by teachers to bridge the gap between the students’ current achievement level and the intended learning outcome. Moreover, it revealed that the classroom assessment process is largely teacher-led, while students do not have an active role. To achieve a balance between SA and FA, policymakers and school leaders need to embed the role of FA in educational regulations and to support teachers to apply FA practices in their own teaching through professional development and learning communities.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Cognitive advantage in bilingualism

It is a widely held belief that bilinguals have an advantage over monolinguals in executive control tasks, but is this an accurate reflection of all studies? The idea of a bilingual advantage may result from a publication bias favouring studies with positive results over null or negative effects. We examined the publication percentages of conference abstracts with results supporting or challenging the bilingual advantage. Studies with results fully supporting the bilingual-advantage theory were most likely to be published, followed by studies with mixed results. Studies challenging the bilingual advantage were published the least. This discrepancy was not due to differences in sample size, tests used, or statistical power. A test for funnel plot asymmetry provided further evidence for the existence of a publication bias.
A Systematic Review on Retinal Biomarkers to Diagnose Dementia from OCT/OCTA Images

Background: Traditional methods for diagnosing dementia are costly, time-consuming, and somewhat invasive. Since the retina shares significant anatomical similarities with the brain, retinal abnormalities detected via optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) have been studied as a potential non-invasive diagnostic tool for neurodegenerative disorders; however, the most effective retinal changes remain a mystery to be unraveled in this review. Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between retinal abnormalities in OCT/OCTA images and cognitive decline as well as evaluating biomarkers’ effectiveness in detecting neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until December 2022, resulted in 64 papers using agreed search keywords, and inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results: The superior peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) is a trustworthy biomarker to identify most Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cases; however, it is inefficient when dealing with mild AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The global pRNFL (pRNFL-G) is another reliable biomarker to discriminate frontotemporal dementia from mild AD and healthy controls (HCs), moderate AD and MCI from HCs, as well as identifing pathological Aβ42/tau in cognitively healthy individuals. Conversely, pRNFL-G fails to realize mild AD and the progression of AD. The average pRNFL thickness variation is considered a viable biomarker to monitor the progression of AD. Finally, the superior and average pRNFL thicknesses are considered consistent for advanced AD but not for early/mild AD. Conclusions: Retinal changes may indicate dementia, but further research is needed to confirm the most effective biomarkers for early and mild AD.
Unveiling the hidden treasures: the vital contributions of Bhitarkanika mangrove in supporting local communities

Mangroves are salt-resistant vegetation that inhibit the muddy intertidal region of tropical and sub-tropical countries. Bhitarkanika Mangrove Sanctuary is one of the hotspots of Odisha state due to its wide range of biodiversity. Mangroves are always integral to the coastal livelihood by providing goods and services to the communities. The importance of mangroves gets neglected by sideling its provision of valuable resources and protection services against cyclones and storms. The present article studied the benefits provided by the Bhitarkanika Mangroves forests to the local communities and focuses on the sustainable conservation of resources for the future. Evidence-based suggestions are suitable for achieving the sustainability of local communities by adopting conservation measures.
Acute Stress Disorder Symptoms after a Myocardial Infarction: The Role of Resilience

: The purpose of this study was to identify symptoms of acute stress disorder (ASD) in a cohort of patients with a myocardial infarction and to specify the relationship between resilience and ASD symptoms. During their hospitalization, participants completed the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). According to the results we found that the ¼ of MI patients developed ASD symptoms. There were no significant differentiations in Resilience levels to both patients with and without ASD symptomatology. Only the levels of Acceptance of changes were higher in those without ASD symptoms. Positive acceptance is a key component of resilience, hence, during stressful events like a MI, can lead the patient to recognize his limits and manage his state more effectively.
Genetic and morphological insights into the Carpobrotus hybrid complex around the world

The genus Carpobrotus N.E. Br. comprises between 12 and 25 species, most of which are native to South Africa. Some Carpobrotus species are considered among the most damaging invasive species in coastal dune systems worldwide. In their introduced areas, these species represent a serious threat to native species and significantly impact soil conditions and geochemical processes. Despite being well studied, the taxonomy of Carpobrotus remains problematic, as the genus comprises a complex of species that hybridize easily and are difficult to distinguish from each other. To explore the population genetic structure of invasive Carpobrotus species (i.e., C. acinaciformis and C. edulis ) across a significant part of their native and non-native ranges, we sampled 40 populations across Argentina, Italy, New Zealand, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, and the USA. We developed taxon-specific microsatellite markers using a Next Generation Sequencing approach to analyze the population genetic structure and incidence of hybridization in native and non-native regions. We identified three genetically distinct clusters, which are present in both the native and non-native regions. Based on a set of selected morphological characteristics, we found no clear features to identify taxa morphologically. Our results suggest that the most probable sources of global introductions of Carpobrotus species are the Western Cape region of South Africa and the coastline of California. We suggest that management actions targeting Carpobrotus invasions globally should focus on preventing additional introductions from the east coast of South Africa, and on searching for prospective biocontrol agents in the Western Cape region of South Africa.
A COMPLETED MULTIPLE THRESHOLD ENCODING PATTERN FOR TEXTURE CLASSIFICATION

The binary pattern family has drawn wide attention for texture representation due to its promising performance and simple operation. However, most binary pattern methods focus on local neighborhoods but ignore center pixels. Even if some studies introduce the center based sub-pattern to provide complementary information, existing center based sub-patterns are much weaker than other local neighborhood based sub-patterns. This severe unbalance limits the classification performance of fusion features significantly. To alleviate this problem, this paper designs a multiple threshold center pattern (MTCP) to provide a more discriminative and complementary local texture representation with a compact form. First, a multiple threshold encoding strategy is designed to encode the center pixel that generates three 1-bit binary patterns. Second, it adopts a compact multi-pattern encoding strategy to combine them into a 3-bit MTCP. Furthermore, this paper proposes a completed multiple threshold encoding pattern by fusing the MTCP, local sign pattern, and local magnitude pattern. Comprehensive experimental evaluations on three popular texture classification benchmarks confirm that the completed multiple threshold encoding pattern achieves superior texture classification performance.
An Analysis of Consumer Cooperatives in Thailand

: The aims of this research were; 1) to analyze the present situation of consumer cooperatives in Thailand and 2) to examine the relationship between size and consumer cooperatives' profit. This study used secondary data. These data were collected from the Cooperating Auditing Department and Cooperation Promotion Department. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Chi-square and Fisher's Exact Test) were used for data analysis. The finding indicated that profit per store was not high. Additionally, most consumer cooperatives had single branch. It also found that size had significant relationship with consumer cooperatives' profit. Thus, consumer cooperatives should add online business to compete with modern trade.
The experience of stress in adolescents living in low-income communities in the Western Cape : the role of self-esteem, coping and perceived social support

Contextual stressors that are associated with living in low-income communities have an adverse impact on the mental health of adolescents. International studies indicate that this outcome is influenced by the presence of factors that may buffer the impact of stressors, or which may increase adolescents‟ vulnerability to experiencing stress. The present study was aimed at exploring the factors that influence the mental health of 173 school-going adolescents residing in low-income communities in the Western Cape. By using a quantitative method with a correlational design, the research explored the relationship between depression (measured on the Beck Depression Inventory  Second Edition) and the following factors respectively: self-esteem (measured on the Rosenberg SelfEsteem Scale), coping strategies (measured on the Coping Strategies Indicator), perceived social support (measured on the Social Support Appraisals Scale) and resilience (measured on the Resilience Scale for Adolescents). Results of the correlational analyses indicated that high self-esteem, higher use of the problem-solving coping strategy, stronger perceived social support and higher resilience were significantly related to decreased levels of depression. In contrast, higher use of the avoidant coping strategy was significantly related to higher levels of depression. These results indicate that while some factors may buffer the impact of perceived contextual stressors on adolescents‟ mental health (for example, problem-solving coping, stronger perceived social support and resilience), other factors may increase adolescents‟ vulnerability to experiencing depression (for example, avoidant coping). These results may inform interventions focused on promoting mental health or preventing incidence of depression in adolescents living in low-income communities. Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za