Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PDBe: Protein Data Bank in Europe

The Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe; pdbe.org) is actively involved in managing the international archive of biomacromolecular structure data as one of the partners in the Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB; wwpdb.org). PDBe also develops new tools to make structural data more widely and more easily available to the biomedical community. PDBe has developed a browser to access and analyze the structural archive using classification systems that are familiar to chemists and biologists. The PDBe web pages that describe individual PDB entries have been enhanced through the introduction of plain-English summary pages and iconic representations of the contents of an entry (PDBprints). In addition, the information available for structures determined by means of NMR spectroscopy has been expanded. Finally, the entire web site has been redesigned to make it substantially easier to use for expert and novice users alike. PDBe works closely with other teams at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) and in the international scientific community to develop new resources with value-added information. The SIFTS initiative is an example of such a collaboration—it provides extensive mapping data between proteins whose structures are available from the PDB and a host of other biomedical databases. SIFTS is widely used by major bioinformatics resources.
A study of the spread of Campylobacter jejuni in four large kitchens

Summary Campylobacters were sought in swabs taken from work surfaces, sinks and floors of four kitchens–i.e. hospital, university, cook-freeze and commercial, processing frozen or fresh chickens. Each kitchen was visited on four occasions. In the large commercial kitchen environmental contamination was found on each visit, whereas campylobacters were isolated on six of the twelve visits to the other kitchens. The hands of operatives were contaminated with campylobacters on only two of the 45 swabs taken during processing. Cleaning with detergent and hot water (or steam) and drying appears to be sufficient to remove the organism from the environment. Evidence of carriage of campylobacters by the birds was obtained on all 16 visits. In the three kitchens where only frozen birds were used the organism was isolated from 30% and 9·8% of swabs taken from the internal and external surfaces respectively, while 41 % of giblets and 22·2% of thawed juices yielded campylobacters. The external surface of 30 (88%) of 34 fresh birds grew campylobacters.
A 35-60 GHz single-pole double-throw(SPDT) switching circuit using direct contact MEMS switches and double resonance technique

In this paper, a single-pole double-throw(SPDT) switching circuit was demonstrated using direct contact MEMS switches and double resonance technique for Q-band and V-band applications. The size of the fabricated SPDT switching circuit is about 1 mm/spl times/2 mm. The direct contact MEMS switches are formed on the CPW transmission lines and actuated with electrostatic force. The fabricated single-pole single-throw(SPST) MEMS switch shows the insertion loss of 0.34 dB and the isolation of 15.5 dB at 50 GHz, respectively. The responses of the fabricated SPDT switching circuit were measured with the frequencies from 0 to 100 GHz. The insertion loss is below 1 dB and isolation is better than 19 dB from 35 GHz to 60 GHz. At the center frequency of 47 GHz, the insertion loss is measured 0.45 dB and isolation is 22 dB. The actuation voltage of the switch is 35V.
Cultural Identity Threat: The Role of Cultural Identifications in Moderating Closure Responses to Foreign Cultural Inflow

Political theorists of globalization have argued that foreign inflows to a society can give rise to collective-identity closure—social movements aiming to narrow the in-group, and exclude minorities. In this research we investigate whether exposure to the mixing of a foreign culture with one's heritage culture can evoke need for closure, a motive that engenders ethnocentric social judgments. On the basis of a proposed identity threat mechanism, we tested the hypothesis that exposure to situations mixing foreign and heritage cultures would evoke need for closure for individuals with low foreign identification but not those with high foreign identification. An experiment with Hong Kong Chinese students varied linguistic and visual cues of Western and Chinese culture and found, as predicted, that exposure to mixed Western/Chinese conditions elevated need for closure for those low in Western identification but not those high in Western identification.
Interrelationships among Intelligence, Product Dimension of Guilford's Model and Multi-Level Measure of Cognitive Functioning

Investigated were the interrelationships for 125 Grade 11 students among a conventional measure of intelligence, 6 measures of verbal creative behavior reflecting the product dimension of Guilford's Structure of Intellect Model, and 6 measures of cognitive functioning, based on Bloom's taxonomy for the cognitive domain. Conventional intelligence was more highly associated with the four most basic levels of functioning, while creativity was more highly associated wth the two higher levels. Further analyses indicated the independence of these two types of function and that two independent levels of creative behavior which are independent of intelligence are tapped by the 6 creativity measures.
Role of nitric oxide in Sjögren's syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To measure levels of salivary nitrite (NO2-) and to localize nitric oxide synthases (NOS) in the labial salivary glands (LSGs) of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). METHODS NO2- was measured by the Griess reaction. LSGs were analyzed using NADPH-diaphorase histochemical and immunohistochemical studies to determine the constitutive NOS (neuronal [ncNOS] and endothelial [ecNOS]) and inducible NOS (iNOS) isoforms. RESULTS The NO2- concentration (mean +/- SEM 307 +/- 51 microM versus 97 +/- 16 microM; P < 0.05) and output (166 +/- 46 nmoles/minute versus 37 +/- 7 nmoles/minute) were increased in SS patients compared with healthy control subjects. NADPH-diaphorase was found in some nerve fibers and endothelial cells, and, in SS, was found in myoepithelial, acinar, and ductal epithelial cells, but in only a few inflammatory cells. In SS, ncNOS-immunoreactive nerve fibers were sparse and ecNOS was found in a minority of the CD31-positive vascular endothelial cells and acinar cells, whereas iNOS was localized in myoepithelial, acinar, and ductal epithelial cells, often together with tumor necrosis factor alpha. CONCLUSION Nitrite was found in normal human saliva. NO produced by ncNOS probably acts as a nonadrenergic, noncholinergic neurotransmitter, whereas that produced by ecNOS exerts a vasodilatory effect. SS patients had increased NO2- concentrations, with most of the superfluous salivary NO being produced not by the immigrant inflammatory cells, but rather, by the resident salivary gland cells. NO may contribute to inflammatory damage and acinar cell atrophy in SS.
Childhood Sexual Abuse and Adult Sexual Problems: A New View of Assessment and Treatment

The New View recognizes that people may be dissatisfied with any emotional, physical or relational aspect of sexual experience and thus invites men and women with abuse histories to discuss sexual issues that are distressing. There are numerous pathways by which child sexual abuse (CSA) can lead to sexual dissatisfaction in adulthood. In addition to those outlined by learning theory and trauma formulations, the New View adds several important and hitherto neglected paths: anxiety about being `normal' or living up to perceived cultural standards, power imbalance in the sexual relationship, stress (because of the consequences of low socioeconomic status), and limited access to both quality health care and sexual information. Assessment of both sexual difficulties and treatment must address these kinds of economic, social and relational factors. How the New View contributes to our ability to understand and treat the sexual concerns of men and women with histories of childhood sexual abuse will be presented in this article and illustrated with clinical case material.
Changes in emotion of the Chinese public in regard to the SARS period

The aim in this study was to investigate the characteristics and regularity of changes in mental state of the Chinese public during the period of the SARS outbreak in China (2003). The self-administered SARS Mentality Questionnaire was sent to 8775 people who came from 20 different professions in the cities of Guangzhou (23.5%), Beijing (37.8%) and Xi’an (38.7%). Of the participants 59.4% were male. Ages ranged from 17 to 76 years. After the pilot study, 33 items were included in the questionnaire. Of the people surveyed, 96.4% presented marked emotional change and 23.3% showed blind behavior; 76.7% took “access to relevant information” as effective measures against emergencies; 45.5% believed that SARS would cause more harm to human beings than cancer, AIDS and suicide resulting from depression. The change of emotion during the SARS epidemic was significantly different, as compared to normal circumstances. The uncertainty people have about the epidemic development was a key cause of panic during this time.
Genotyping of Cryptosporidium Species and Their Clinical Manifestations in Patients with Renal Transplantation and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

In the present study we aimed to determine (i) frequency of Cryptosporidium species among patients with renal transplantation (RT) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and (ii) relationship of the nature, severity, and duration of symptoms with different species and load of Cryptosporidium. Stool samples from 70 (42 RT and 28 HIV) and 140 immunocompromised patients with and without cryptosporidiosis by modified Kinyoun's staining were subjected to qPCR-melting curve analysis for identification of parasite species. qPCR detected one microscopically negative sample to be positive for cryptosporidiosis. C. hominis, C. parvum, and mixed infection were detected in 50/71 (70.4%), 19/71 (26.8%), and 2/71 (2.8%) patients, respectively. Patients with cryptosporidiosis had higher stool frequency (median, IQR: 4, 3–6/d versus 3, 2–4/d; P = 0.017) and watery stool (52/71 [73%] versus 64/139 [46%]; P = 0.003). Parasite load (median, IQR: Log10 6.37 (5.65–7.12), Log10 5.81 (4.26–6.65); P = 0.046) and nausea/vomiting (29/50 [58%] versus 5/19 [26%]; P = 0.032) were more frequent with C. hominis than with C. parvum infection. Thus, Cryptosporidium spp. (mainly C. hominis) is a common cause of diarrhoea in RT and HIV patients.
Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase-Independent Resistance to Aspergillus fumigatus in Alveolar Macrophages1

The fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus is responsible for increasing numbers of fatal infections in immune-compromised humans. Alveolar macrophages (AM) are important in the innate defense against aspergillosis, but little is known about their molecular responses to fungal conidia in vivo. We examined transcriptional changes and superoxide release by AM from C57BL/6 and gp91phox−/− mice in response to conidia. Following introduction of conidia into the lung, microarray analysis of AM showed the transcripts most strongly up-regulated in vivo to encode chemokines and additional genes that play a critical role in neutrophil and monocyte recruitment, indicating that activation of phagocytes represents a critical early response of AM to fungal conidia. Of the 73 AM genes showing ≥2-fold changes, 8 were also increased in gp91phox−/− mice by conidia and in C57BL/6 mice by polystyrene beads, suggesting a common innate response to particulate matter. Ingenuity analysis of the microarray data from C57BL/6 mice revealed immune cell signaling and gene expression as primary mechanisms of this response. Despite the well-established importance of phagocyte NADPH oxidase in resisting aspergillosis, we found no evidence of this mechanism in AM following introduction of conidia into the mouse lung using transcriptional, luminometry, or NBT staining analysis. In support of these findings, we observed that AM from C57BL/6 and gp91phox−/− mice inhibit conidial germination equally in vitro. Our results indicate that early transcription in mouse AM exposed to conidia in vivo targets neutrophil recruitment, and that NADPH oxidase-independent mechanisms in AM contribute to inhibition of conidial germination.
Hardware translation coherence for virtualized systems

To improve system performance, operating systems (OSes) often undertake activities that require modification of virtual-to-physical address translations. For example, the OS may migrate data between physical pages to manage heterogeneous memory devices. We refer to such activities as page remappings. Unfortunately, page remappings are expensive. We show that a big part of this cost arises from address translation coherence, particularly on systems employing virtualization. In response, we propose hardware translation invalidation and coherence or HATRIC, a readily implementable hardware mechanism to piggyback translation coherence atop existing cache coherence protocols. We perform detailed studies using KVM-based virtualization, showing that HATRIC achieves up to 30% performance and 10% energy benefits, for per-CPU area overheads of 0.2%. We also quantify HATRIC's benefits on systems running Xen and find up to 33% performance improvements.
Differential response of cycling and noncycling cells to inducers of DNA synthesis and mitosis

The objective of this study was to determine whether cells in G(0) phase are functionally distinct from those in G(1) with regard to their ability to respond to the inducers of DNA synthesis and to retard the cell cycle traverse of the G(2) component after fusion. Synchronized populations of HeLa cells in G(1) and human diploid fibroblasts in G(1) and G(0) phases were separately fused using UV-inactivated Sendai virus with HeLa cells prelabeled with [(3)H]ThdR and synchronized in S or G(2) phases. The kinetics of initiation of DNA synthesis in the nuclei of G(0) and G(1) cells residing in G(0)/S and G(1)/S dikaryons, respectively, were studied as a function of time after fusion. In the G(0)/G(2) and G(1)/G(2) fusions, the rate of entry into mitosis of the heterophasic binucleate cells was monitored in the presence of Colcemid. The effects of protein synthesis inhibition in the G(1) cells, and the UV irradiation of G(0) cells before fusion, on the rate of entry of the G(2) component into mitosis were also studied. The results of this study indicate that DNA synthesis can be induced in G(0)nuclei after fusion between G(0)- and S-phase cells, but G(0) nuclei are much slower than G(1) nuclei in responding to the inducers of DNA synthesis because the chromatin of G(0) cells is more condensed than it is in G(1) cells. A more interesting observation resulting from this study is that G(0) cells is more condensed than it is in G(1) cells. A more interesting observation resulting from this study is that G(0) cells differ from G(1) cells with regard to their effects on the cell cycle progression of the G(2) nucleus into mitosis. This difference between G(0) and G(1) cells appears to depend on certain factors, probably nonhistone proteins, present in G(1) cells but absent in G(0) cells. These factors can be induced in G(0) cells by UV irradiation and inhibited in G(1) cells by cycloheximide treatment.
Using design by optimization for reducing the weight of a SiC switching cell

This paper uses the design by optimization method to determine the best combination of passives, EMC filter, heatsink, taking into account the components constraints, in order to reduce the weight of a SiC switching cell, implemented in a simple buck converter. All elements and associated restrictions are described using analytical expressions, and the optimizer performs the reduction of the objective function (weight) respecting all constraints. The models and the optimization strategy are described, and the optimization results are presented and discussed, in comparison with a conventional Si switching cell.
Institutional Arrangements and Stratification Processes in Industrial Societies

This chapter reviews the current state of our knowledge about the role of institutional arrangements in stratification processes in industrial societies. The particular institutional arrangements considered are those of educational and labor force organizations. The review is organized around the Blau-Duncan basic model of status attainment and points to the need for a more elaborated conceptualization. Institutional arrangements structure the connections between social origin and educational attainment, between educational attainment and early labor force placements, and between early and later placements in the labor force. Industrial societies vary widely in the nature of these institutional arrangements, and that variation affects the patterns of movement from origins to destinations in the stratification system. Features of educational institutions considered include separation of students into specialized schools and ability groups (tracking), degree of central control, degree of autonomy, degree of.
Phylogenetic lineages in the Botryosphaeriaceae

Botryosphaeria is a species-rich genus with a cosmopolitan distribution, commonly associated with dieback and cankers of woody plants. As many as 18 anamorph genera have been associated with Botryosphaeria, most of which have been reduced to synonymy under Diplodia (conidia mostly ovoid, pigmented, thick-walled), or Fusicoccum (conidia mostly fusoid, hyaline, thin-walled). However, there are numerous conidial anamorphs having morphological characteristics intermediate between Diplodia and Fusicoccum, and there are several records of species outside the Botryosphaeriaceae that have anamorphs apparently typical of Botryosphaeria s.str. Recent studies have also linked Botryosphaeria to species with pigmented, septate ascospores, and Dothiorella anamorphs, or Fusicoccum anamorphs with Dichomera synanamorphs. The aim of this study was to employ DNA sequence data of the 28S rDNA to resolve apparent lineages within the Botryosphaeriaceae. From these data, 12 clades are recognised. Two of these lineages clustered outside the Botryosphaeriaceae, namely Diplodia-like anamorphs occurring on maize, which are best accommodated in Stenocarpella (Diaporthales), as well as an unresolved clade including species of Camarosporium/Microdiplodia. We recognise 10 lineages within the Botryosphaeriaceae, including an unresolved clade (Diplodia/Lasiodiplodia/Tiarosporella), Botryosphaeria s.str. (Fusicoccum anamorphs), Macrophomina, Neoscytalidium gen. nov., Dothidotthia (Dothiorella anamorphs), Neofusicoccum gen. nov. (Botryosphaeria-like teleomorphs, Dichomera-like synanamorphs), Pseudofusicoccum gen. nov., Saccharata (Fusicoccum- and Diplodia-like synanamorphs), “Botryosphaeria” quercuum (Diplodia-like anamorph), and Guignardia (Phyllosticta anamorphs). Separate teleomorph and anamorph names are not provided for newly introduced genera, even where both morphs are known. The taxonomy of some clades and isolates (e.g. B. mamane) remains unresolved due to the absence of ex-type cultures.
Performance Prediction in a Decentralized Environment for Peer-to-Peer Computing

P2PDC is an environment for high performance peer to peer computing that allows direct communication between peers. This environment is based on P2PSAP, a self adaptive communication protocol. P2PDC is suited to the solution of large scale numerical simulation problems via distributed iterative methods. dPerf is a performance prediction environment for parallel and distributed applications, with primary interest in programs written in C, C++, Fortran for P2PDC. The dPerf performance prediction tool makes use of static and dynamic analyses combined with trace-based simulation. In this paper, we present a decentralized version of P2PDC and show how dPerf predicts performance for the P2PDC environment. We present new features of P2PDC aimed at making it more scalable and robust. Through experiments with P2PDC and dPerf, we show how to properly choose a peer to peer computing system which can match the computing power of a cluster.
Simulating Peer-to-Peer networks

The Gnutella protocol of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks has undergone several changes since its inception in the beginning of this century. However, despite the large number of revisions to the original version of the protocol, Gnutella suffers from serious problems of dead searches, complexity in study of network topology and network overloading. In this paper, we report the development of a new P2P simulator, PeerNS, which was built to study different problems of P2P networks and Gnutella, including those mentioned above. PeerNS works on actual P2P network statistics and, hence, it is very close to the real scenario. Moreover, we also discuss the implementation and the integration issues involved in using PeerNS to simulate our crawling-based algorithm, which could minimize the number of dead searches in the network and enhance the availability of information across the network.
Using Unsupervised Learning to Guide Resampling in Imbalanced Data Sets

A novel process for the production of the valuable perfume material norpatchoulenol is disclosed which involves oxidatively decarboxylating an acid precursor according to the following reaction scheme: II I+TR Intermediates for the synthesis, having the formula VI wherein R represents -COOH, CH2OH or -CHO are also disclosed.
Robustness under Functional Constraint: The Genetic Network for Temporal Expression in Drosophila Neurogenesis

Precise temporal coordination of gene expression is crucial for many developmental processes. One central question in developmental biology is how such coordinated expression patterns are robustly controlled. During embryonic development of the Drosophila central nervous system, neural stem cells called neuroblasts express a group of genes in a definite order, which leads to the diversity of cell types. We produced all possible regulatory networks of these genes and examined their expression dynamics numerically. From the analysis, we identified requisite regulations and predicted an unknown factor to reproduce known expression profiles caused by loss-of-function or overexpression of the genes in vivo, as well as in the wild type. Following this, we evaluated the stability of the actual Drosophila network for sequential expression. This network shows the highest robustness against parameter variations and gene expression fluctuations among the possible networks that reproduce the expression profiles. We propose a regulatory module composed of three types of regulations that is responsible for precise sequential expression. This study suggests that the Drosophila network for sequential expression has evolved to generate the robust temporal expression for neuronal specification.