Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ecological studies of polyploidy in the 100 years following its discovery

Polyploidy is a mutation with profound phenotypic consequences and thus hypothesized to have transformative effects in plant ecology. This is most often considered in the context of geographical and environmental distributions—as achieved from divergence of physiological and life-history traits—but may also include species interactions and biological invasion. This paper presents a historical overview of hypotheses and empirical data regarding the ecology of polyploids. Early researchers of polyploidy (1910s–1930s) were geneticists by training but nonetheless savvy to its phenotypic effects, and speculated on the importance of genome duplication to adaptation and crop improvement. Cytogenetic studies in the 1930s–1950s indicated that polyploids are larger (sturdier foliage, thicker stems and taller stature) than diploids while cytogeographic surveys suggested that polyploids and diploids have allopatric or parapatric distributions. Although autopolyploidy was initially regarded as common, influential writings by North American botanists in the 1940s and 1950s argued for the principle role of allopolyploidy; according to this view, genome duplication was significant for providing a broader canvas for hybridization rather than for its phenotypic effects per se. The emphasis on allopolyploidy had a chilling effect on nascent ecological work, in part due to taxonomic challenges posed by interspecific hybridization. Nonetheless, biosystematic efforts over the next few decades (1950s–1970s) laid the foundation for ecological research by documenting cytotype distributions and identifying phenotypic correlates of polyploidy. Rigorous investigation of polyploid ecology was achieved in the 1980s and 1990s by population biologists who leveraged flow cytometry for comparative work in autopolyploid complexes. These efforts revealed multi-faceted ecological and phenotypic differences, some of which may be direct consequences of genome duplication. Several classical hypotheses about the ecology of polyploids remain untested, however, and allopolyploidy—regarded by most botanists as the primary mode of genome duplication—is largely unstudied in an ecological context.
A Dataset for Psychological Human Needs Detection From Social Networks

A real-time awareness of an individual’s affective state is the goal of the affect-aware city. Being aware of different affective states can be useful to enhance a citizen’s quality of life and their experiences. In this paper, we aim to provide new insight to the affect-aware city and analyze individual experiences in regards to basic human needs. We propose a theoretical based multi-layer framework for a psychological needs analysis that is guided by research in the field of motivational psychology. The framework’s layers are constructed to identify the psychological needs, measure their satisfaction level, and assess the individual’s surrounding environment in different aspects of life. We created a psychological needs corpus: a collection of Twitter posts annotated based on three universal needs proposed by the self-determination theory framework. Several techniques were employed to encourage high-quality annotations. We provide descriptive statistics of the annotated corpus. This corpus can be used in the development of automatic detection systems and predication models to detect individual needs and measure their satisfaction. It can also be used to better interpret and understand the individual’s surrounding social contexts.
Travel Time Estimates Using a Series of Single Loop Volume and Occupancy Measurements

This paper presents an algorithm for estimating travel time using volume and occupancy data from a series of single inductance loops. The algorithm is based on the statistics of the measurements obtained from a traffic management system. The algorithm produces an estimate of speed and travel time as well as providing a reliability test for the speed estimate.
Phosphorylation of Histone H2B at DNA Double-Strand Breaks

Posttranslational modifications of histone tails regulate numerous biological processes including transcription, DNA repair, and apoptosis. Although recent studies suggest that structural alterations in chromatin are critical for triggering the DNA damage response, very little is known about the nature of DNA damage-induced chromatin perturbations. Here we show that the serine 14 residue in the NH2-terminal tail of histone H2B is rapidly phosphorylated at sites of DNA double-strand breaks. At late time points after irradiation, the phosphorylated form of H2B, H2B-Ser14P, accumulates into irradiation-induced foci. H2B-Ser14P foci formation is not associated with the apoptotic phosphorylation of H2B but is strictly dependent on the phosphorylated isoform of H2AX. Our results broaden the spectrum of histone modifications that constitute the DNA damage “histone code” and suggest a model for the underlying chromatin structure within damage-induced foci.
The Effect of Women’s Decision Making Styles on Sustainable Consumption Behaviours

Economic activity is based on the continued availability of sufficient material and energy resources and on environment that is sufficiently clean and attractive. On the one hand fast increasing population and on the other hand a growing number of over consumption has caused environmental problems. All of these problems require new solutions for humanity. In this study we carried out to investigate women’s decision- making styles effects on sustainable consumption behavior. Participants in the study consist of women who live in Safranbolu/Turkey. A total of 320 female (with an approximate % 80 participation rate) are participated on a voluntary. Data were collected through a demographical information form, Consumer Style Inventory (CSI) and Sustainable Consumption Behaviors Scale (SCBs), to determine the factors affecting of women on sustainable consumption behaviors. The results demonstrated that female’s age ranged from 19 to 83 in age (M= 38.9, SD=9.8). The average income has been found 1.869,1 TL (=898,6 $; 1 dollar is equivalent to about 2.08 TL – May, 2014). The result of regression analysis revealed that demographic characteristic such as education, monthly family income and working status, decision-making style (factors Perfectionistic High-Quality Conscious, Habitual Brand-Loyal Consumer and Financial Time-Energy Conserving) of women are important predictors of sustainable consumption behaviors (p DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2014. v3n3p288
Experiences on the Use of Business Models for Identifying Quality Requirements for Information systems

The identification of Non-functional Requirements (NFRs) is, in general, performed ad-hoc, notwithstanding the organizational business needs of where the system will operate, further performed in the development process, and with incipient and low information sharing among different stakeholders. This work presents the results of case studies on the use of a method for NFRs identification, employed in real organizations, based on organizational Business Models (BMs) and carried out with different stakeholder’s views on expected system quality.
Real-time remote reporting of motion analysis with Wi-FLIP

This paper describes a real-time application programmed into Wi-FLIP, a wireless smart camera resulting from the integration of FLIP-Q, a prototype mixed-signal focal-plane array processor, and Imote2, a commercial WSN platform. The application consists in scanning the whole scene by sequentially analyzing small regions. Within each region, motion is detected by background subtraction. Subsequently, information related to that motion - intensity and location - is radio-propagated in order to remotely account for it. By aggregating this information along time, a motion map of the scene is built. This map permits to visualize the different activity patterns taking place. It also provides an elaborated representation of the scene for further remote analysis, preventing raw images from being transmitted. In particular, the scene inspected in this demo corresponds to vehicular traffic in a motorway. The remote representation progressively built enables the assessment of the traffic density.
Variable Selection for Latent Dirichlet Allocation

In latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), topics are multinomial distributions over the entire vocabulary. However, the vocabulary usually contains many words that are not relevant in forming the topics. We adopt a variable selection method widely used in statistical modeling as a dimension reduction tool and combine it with LDA. In this variable selection model for LDA (vsLDA), topics are multinomial distributions over a subset of the vocabulary, and by excluding words that are not informative for nding the latent topic structure of the corpus,
Tracking of activity and fitness and the relationship with cardiovascular disease risk factors.

PURPOSE To analyze tracking of daily physical activity and physical fitness (both cardiopulmonary [VO2max] and neuromotor fitness) and the longitudinal relationship with biological risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), i.e., total serum cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), the TC:HDL ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and the sum of four skinfolds. METHODS Data were obtained from the Amsterdam Growth and Health Study; an observational longitudinal study with six repeated measurements over a period from 13 to 27 yr of age (N = 181). The statistical analyses were carried out with generalized estimating equations. RESULTS Low to moderate tracking (both stability and predictability of early measurements) was observed for daily physical activity and VO2max, whereas good tracking was observed for neuromotor fitness. Daily physical activity was positively related to HDL (P < 0.01), and inversely to the TC:HDL ratio (P < 0.05) and to the sum of four skinfolds (P < 0.01). VO2max was also inversely related to the TC:HDL ratio (P < 0.01) and to the sum of four skinfolds (P < 0.01). In addition, VOmax was also inversely related to TC (P < 0.01). Neuromotor fitness was inversely related to the sum of four skinfolds (P < 0.01), and positively to systolic blood pressure (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The longitudinal development of physical activity and VO2max were related to a healthy CVD risk profile. For the development of neuromotor fitness, the picture was less clear. The relationships among physical activity, physical fitness, and lipoproteins and blood pressure were highly influenced by body fatness.
Carotid–Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity in the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events and Mortality: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Arterial stiffness (AS) is a predictor of coronary artery outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) is a commonly used method for assessing AS. This study aimed to assess the relationship between cf-PWV and clinical CVD events. Of the 786 studies identified, 19 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Meta-analysis revealed that participants with high cf-PWV by 1 standard deviation (SD), 1 m/s, and cutoff points have a high pooled relative risk for CVD events (1 SD: 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-1.31; 1 m/s: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.07-1.18; and cutoff points: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.45-2.14) and CVD mortality (1 SD: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.15-1.31; 1 m/s: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04-1.14; and cutoff points: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.46-2.24). In addition, we found that the predictive value of increased AS was higher in patients with higher disease risk for total CVD events and CVD mortality than in other patients. Carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity is a useful biomarker to improve the prediction of CV risk for patients and identify high-risk populations who may benefit from aggressive CV risk factor management.
The moderating role of environmental dynamism on the influence of innovation strategy and firm performance

Facing competitive business environment, organizations are required to develop innovation strategy in order to sustain competitive advantage. Innovation involves change and the high technology industry has been the most powerful tool for strengthening national competitiveness. Furthermore, business environments are very sensitive, which demand nimble changes in terms of innovation strategies. It is, thus, that in the high-tech industry the key of organization's success lies in good innovation strategies and high performance. There are many studies on strategy, environment and performance linkages. The impact of innovation strategies and environmental variables on firm performance in high-tech industries has been less attended. The purpose of this research is to understand the association between innovation strategy and firm performance. The environmental factor also discuss about as a moderate effect between innovation strategy and firm performance relationship. We will develop an empirical model that can be applied in other sectors to improve performance.
Leadership theories and the concept of work engagement: Creating a conceptual framework for management implications and research

Abstract During the past decade, a great deal of research has been carried out on the importance of employee engagement. In various studies, engagement is viewed as a positive state of mind of overwhelming satisfaction, which is characterized by feelings of vigour, dedication and absorption. In this article, ‘vigour’ refers to a state of mind in which individuals feel energetic, fit, strong and indefatigable. ‘Dedication’ refers to a state of mind in which individuals feel highly engaged by their work, which inspires them, and makes them feel proud and enthusiastic. ‘Absorption’ refers to a pleasant state of mind in which individuals are fully immersed in their work. This article provides an overview of a number of perspectives on leadership and discusses which leadership factors are likely to be the most effective in ensuring that employees remain engaged and productive. It also provides a conceptual model for further research on the relationship between leadership styles and work engagement.
Explaining the prehistory of ceramic technology on Waya Island, Fiji

This preliminary analysis of ceramic technological change on Waya Island, Fiji documents the variation present over three thousand years of innovation, interaction, and change. Hypotheses relating the observed variation in sherd thickness, tempering practices, and vessel type diversity are proposed. These hypotheses may be tested through experimental and other analyses that are briefly described here. Finally, these hypotheses and their tests are structured by the universal evolutionary mechanisms of cultural transmission, adaptation and natural selection, and innovation and thus have implications for not only Wayan prehistory, but all of the Pacific.
Peripheral and Central Activation of Trigeminal Pain Pathways in Migraine: Data From Experimental Animal Models

EEG-studies in migraine in the last decade has contributed modestly to the understanding of headache pathogenesis. Headache patient groups seem to have increased EEG responses to photic stimulation, but a useful biological marker for migraine in single patients has not been found. In future EEG and QEEG studies we recommend to use follow-up designs and record several EEGs across the migraine cycle. It is also important to use a blinded study design in order to avoid selection bias. A clinical EEG should be performed in patients with acute headache attacks when either epilepsy, basilar migraine, migraine with prolonged aura or alternating hemiplegia is suspected. Unequivocal epileptiform abnormalities usually suggest a diagnosis of epilepsy. In children with occipital spike-wave activity the probable diagnosis is childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms (CEOP). The final diagnosis of either an epilepsy syndrome or migraine must be mainly based on a clinical judgement.
Does ENHANCE diminish confidence in lowering LDL or in ezetimibe?

In this issue of the Journal, Kastelein et al.1 report the results of a 2-year study comparing daily therapy with 80 mg of simvastatin plus either placebo or 10 mg of ezetimibe on the average change in carotid intima–media thickness in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. The study, called the Ezetimibe and Simvastatin in Hypercholesterolemia Enhances Atherosclerosis Regression (ENHANCE) trial, showed no significant between-group differences in any of several end points with respect to intima–media thickness (a commonly used risk surrogate for vascular disease) or clinical results, despite a between-group difference in levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 51 mg .
Parenting Late-Placed Children: The Development of New Relationships and the Challenge of Behavioural Problems

This article reports on the development of new relationships and the presence of behavioural and emotional problems in a study of 61 five- to nine-year-old children placed from care with the intention of permanence in new, unrelated families during middle childhood. When interviewed, new parents reported that 73% of the children had formed an attached relationship with one or both parents by the end of their first year in placement. The children who were not regarded as attached showed more behavioural and emotional problems and overactive/restless behaviour, and were also more likely to have been actively rejected by their birth parents. More detailed aspects of possible difficulties in the new parent/child relationships were investigated by means of a parent-completed questionnaire which explored the children’s expression of feelings. The non-attached children had many more difficulties in communicating their feelings and in specific interactions with their new parents by the end of the first year of placement. The new parents of these children tended to find it difficult to relate to them in a warm, responsive manner early in the placement and this worsened by the end of the year. There was considerable overlap between behavioural and relationship problems, suggesting the need to promote the quality of the relationship between children and their new parents as well as to reduce the level of behavioural problems in the children. Implications for post-placement support and intervention are discussed.
A new bit-allocation algorithm for AAC encoder based on linear prediction

This paper proposed a new bit-allocation algorithm based on linear prediction for AAC (advanced audio coding) audio encoder. Initial value of bit-allocation information of current audio frame is calculated by linear prediction algorithm using the information of previous two audio frames. Because the number of iteration for bit-allocation module is high correlated with initial value of bit-allocation information, the number of iteration can be decreased by properly setting initial value of bit allocation information such as global scale factor. Therefore it has improved audio encoding performance while decreasing computational complexity of bit-allocation module. Implementation results show that our approach has decreased the number of iteration and increased AAC encoding speed.
Challenges in Social Communication in Asperger Syndrome and High‐Functioning Autism

Despite the inclusion of Asperger syndrome in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1994) 10 years ago, there is ongoing debate regarding its validity as a diagnostic construct, particularly relative to the diagnosis of autistic disorder when it is not accompanied by significant language and cognitive delays. This latter condition, referred to as high-functioning autism, is, indeed, characterized by social communication challenges similar to those found in Asperger syndrome. Nevertheless, there are distinctions in both learning style and social communication that have critical implications for treatment and educational programming. Although this article will begin with a review of those social communication challenges that are common to both of these disorders, a discussion of challenges that are more specific to children and adolescents with either Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism will follow.
Needed R&D on Hand-Held Calculators1

Introduction General Background and Some Working Assumptions Small electronic calculators have been on the market in significant numbers only since about 1973, yet their impact on the lives of many people is already considerable. As an article in Scientific American put it, "For millions of people, everyday arithmetic will never be the same. " (McWhorter 1976) Several authors have assessed the impact of calculators on the world external to schools (e.g., Suydam 1976). Many have predicted that by 1980 something like 80 million calculators may be in use in the United States, and that after 1980 perhaps 20 million calculators will be bought each year, many for replacement, trading up, duplicate ownership, and so forth. To put that in context, it may be noted that in 1974 there were about 70 million homes in the United States wired for electricity, nearly all of them with TV sets and refrigerators; there were 132 million telephones (95 million of them in homes); and there were 90 million automobiles. (There were also about 60 million students in schools and colleges.) Any instrument that seems destined within a few years to approximate the availability of refrigerators, TV sets, and automobiles is surely a force to be reckoned with.
Scheduling of fog networks with optimized knapsack by symbiotic organisms search

Internet of things as a concept uses wireless sensor networks that have limitations in power, storage, and delay when processing and sending data to the cloud. Fog computing as an extension of cloud services to the edge of the network reduces latency and traffic, so it is very useful in healthcare, wearables, intelligent transportation systems and smart cities. Scheduling is the NP-hard issues in fog computing. Edge devices due to proximity to sensors and clouds are capable of processing power and are beneficial for resource management algorithms. We present a knapsack-based scheduling optimized by symbiotic organisms search that is simulated in iFogsim as a standard simulator for fog computing. The results show improvements in the energy consumption by 18%, total network usage by 1.17%, execution cost by 15%, and sensor lifetime by 5% in our scheduling method are better than the FCFS (First Come First Served) and knapsack algorithms.
Pentangular Dimensions of Chinese Adolescents' Idol Worship

ABSTRACT Building on theory and research, a pentangular conceptualization specifies dimensions of idol worship in terms of identification, romanticization, idealization, intimatization, and commodification. Validation of a measurement of idol worship is the endeavor of the present study of 1,641 Chinese secondary school students. In demonstrating the convergent and discriminant validity of the measurement, findings verify a negative relationship between idol worship and attachment to the chum (i.e., best friend). Findings also indicate predictive validity in relation to membership in a fans' club and gender. Accordingly, the member or the girl is generally higher in idol worship than is the nonmember or the boy.