Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in young adults: is this a distinct disease entity?

BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the elderly is defined only in adults older than 50 years. However, EBV-positive DLBCL can affect younger patients. We investigated the prevalence, clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of EBV-positive DLBCL in young adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed patients with de novo DLBCL who were registered in the Samsung Medical Center (SMC) retrospective lymphoma cohort and prospective SMC Lymphoma Cohort Study I (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00822731). RESULTS A total of 571 cases were included in the analysis. The prevalence of EBV positivity was 6.7% (13/195) and 9.3% (35/376) in the young group (≤50 years) and in the elderly group (>50 years), respectively. EBV status was closely associated with unique unfavorable clinical characteristics [older age, more advanced stage, two or more sites of extranodal involvement, higher International Prognostic Index (IPI), and age-adjusted IPI risk] only in the elderly group. Poor prognostic impact of EBV positivity on overall survival was observed only in the elderly group [hazard ratio (HR) 2.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.83-4.47; P < 0.001], but not in the young group (HR 1.17; 95% CI 0.35-3.89; P = 0.801). CONCLUSION A substantial proportion of EBV-positive DLBCL of the elderly can occur in young adults. EBV positivity of DLBCL in young adults was not associated with unfavorable clinical characteristics or worse outcomes. We suggest that EBV-positive DLBCL should not be confined only in the elderly and 'EBV-positive DLBCL in young adults' needs to be considered as a clinically distinct disease entity. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02060435.
Functional CLT for Random Walk Among Bounded Random Conductances

We consider the nearest-neighbor simple random walk on $Z^d$, $d\ge2$, driven by a field of i.i. d. random nearest-neighbor conductances $\omega_{xy}\in[0,1]$. Apart from the requirement that the bonds with positive conductances percolate, we pose no restriction on the law of the $\omega$'s. We prove that, for a.e. realization of the environment, the path distribution of the walk converges weakly to that of non-degenerate, isotropic Brownian motion. The quenched functional CLT holds despite the fact that the local CLT may fail in $d\ge5$ due to anomalously slow decay of the probability that the walk returns to the starting point at a given time.
1 Filtering Axiom Links for Proof Nets

An important problem for proving statements in multimodal categorial grammar is that even when using proof nets — which improve upon proof search in natural deduction and sequent calculus by identifying all equivalent proofs — the number of possible axiom links to consider is still enormous. We will propose several efficient strategies to reduce the number of axiom links and will evaluate the resulting combined strategy against a large number of random, provable Lambek calculus statements and find that we eliminate 97.92% of the planar axiom links which do not correspond to any proof net.
Postural kyphosis detection using intelligent shoes

Postural kyphosis as one of the most common kinds of kyphosis is usually diagnosed in adolescents and young adults. Long-term kyphosis will not only affect the persons' appearance, but also result in thoracic deformity accompanied by pain. In this paper, we introduce a cost-effective shoe-integrated system which mainly consists of 8 force sensing resistors (FSRs) for gathering the pressure information under the 8 bony prominences. Based on the gathered plantar pressure information, the methodology of cascade neural networks with node-decoupled extended Kalman filtering (CNN-NDEKF) is applied for training the model of detecting the gait pattern associated with postural kyphosis. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach is efficient. This device is of particular significance to provide feedback in the application of postural kyphosis rectification.
Bile duct injuries, 1989-1993. A statewide experience. Connecticut Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Registry.

OBJECTIVE To review the incidence of major bile duct injuries (MBDI) during the shift from open (OC) to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). DESIGN Cohort analysis; minimum 15-month patient follow-up. SETTING Acute care Connecticut hospitals. PATIENTS Medical records of 30211 patients with cholecystectomy (OC or LC) reviewed; 47 cases of MBDI confirmed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Rate of MBDI. RESULTS The incidence of MBDI in Connecticut hospitals rose from 0.04% in 1989 to 0.24% in 1991, then decreased to 0.11% in 1993. The increase was due to increased numbers of cholecystectomies and the initial increased risk of injury with LC. The 1990-through-1993 trend of decreasing incidence of LC MBDI was statistically significant (P=.02). By 1993, the difference between LC and OC was no longer significant (P=.81). Acute cholecystitis (odds ratio, 3.3) and gallstone pancreatitis (odds ratio, 3.6) increased the risk of MBDI during LC (P<.001). The LC MBDI more commonly were ductal excision or transections and often were not diagnosed intraoperatively. Intraoperative cholangiography facilitated intraoperative recognition and repair. Most patients (89%) underwent definitive management of the MBDI at the hospital of origin; of those, 5% required further interventions. CONCLUSIONS Surgeries for acute cholecystitis and gallstone pancreatitis are associated with an increased risk for MBDI. Ductal anatomy, the timing of recognition of injury, and the method of repair dictate patient outcomes. Most patients are successfully managed at the hospital of origin, with good long-term results. Late bile duct strictures appear rare.
Design of 4Gbps SLVS-type transmitter in 55 nm CMOS

In this paper, the design of 4 Gbps, 2.25 mW Scalable Low-Voltage Signaling (SLVS)-type transmitter is described. The analysis of circuit performance is concentrated on the minimization of common-mode voltage disturbances, while providing satisfactory eye diagram parameters and low power consumption. The edge aligner circuit utilization is proposed in order to minimize the time delay between the input positive and the input negative control voltage of the driver. Moreover, the effectiveness of two methods for driver output impedance correction is evaluated. Special emphasis is put on a reliable transmission path modeling, whose parameters influence an overall transmitter operation. The designed transmitter will be fabricated in 55 nm CMOS technology.
The uses and abuses of the coherence – correspondence distinction

Kenneth Hammond introduced a distinction between coherence and correspondence criteria of rationality as a tool in the study of judgment and decision-making. This distinction has been widely used in the field. Yet, as this paper seeks to show, the relevant notions of coherence and correspondence have been progressively considered to be too narrow and have undergone non-trivial conceptual changes since their original introduction. I try to show, first, that the proliferation of conceptualizations of coherence and correspondence has created confusion in the literature and that appealing to such notions has not helped to elucidate discussions over the nature of rational judgment and decision-making. Nevertheless, I also argue for a reframing of the debate. In fact, what seems to underlie several contemporary appeals to the notions of coherence and correspondence is best explained in terms of a contrast between what I call rule-based and goal-based rationality. Whilst these categories do need further refinement, they do seem to be useful for organizing and understanding research on rational judgment and decision-making.
Dynamic Aspect Weaver Family for Family-based Adaptable Systems

Complex software systems, like operating systems and middleware, have to cope with a broad range of requirements as well as strict resource constraints. Family-based software development is a promising approach to develop application-specific systems from reusable components. However, once statically configured, these systems still need to adapt at runtime according to the dynamics of the environment. The majority of the concerns in the complex systems, that need to be adaptable, are crosscutting. With the application of Aspect-oriented Programming (AOP), these concerns can be cleanly encapsulated, and then dynamic AOP can be applied for the adaptations to be contained, and applied at runtime. An efficient dynamic aspect weaver is needed for the dynamic weaving and unweaving of these crosscutting concerns into the system. None of the currently available dynamic weaver can be optimized according to specific application requirements. In this paper we present the family-based dynamic weaver framework that supports the static as well as dynamic weaving and unweaving of the aspects to the components. By applying the program family concept, the system itself as well as the dynamic weaver, built on top of it, is tailored down to provide only the features or services required by any particular application.
Mapping inequalities: Canada, China, and the United Kingdom

This review essay focuses on the concept of inequality in Daniel Dorling’s The Population of the United Kingdom and Reza Hasmath’s A Comparative Study of Minority Development. The review discusses the structure of social inequality and the principal social cleavages that are shown in both books. The books raise different issues of ethnicity, visible minority (Hasmath) and class, and life outcomes (Dorling) as they relate to the broader processes and consequences of human efforts to stratify the social world. Whether those investigations are done at the micro or macro level, they provide strong empirical evidence that social and cultural standards will be never seen as adequate as long as great social inequalities prevail. This essay also discusses the problematic use of social inequalities for empirical research. Dorling is especially sensitive to inequalities and has a strong interest in uncovering those ‘deep structure[s]’ of social differentiation that are concealed from ordinary view. Broad categories, such as poor/affluent or minority/majority, with masking of in-group differences within categories, are appropriate for a rough scan of inequalities. However, this crude classification is inappropriate for a precise summary measurement of inequalities among social/ethnic distributions.
Validity Issues in Atkins Death Cases

Justice Scalia warned in his dissent in ATKINS v. VIRGINIA, 536 U.S. 304, 122S.Ct. 2242 (2002) that the problem of feigned mental retardation would complicate the findings in cases involving the death penalty in low IQ individuals. Validity measurement in low IQ individuals has been criticized, largely with questions concerning specificity of performance validity tests (PVTs; Salekin & Doane, 2009, Applied Neuropsychology, 16, 105). In this article, our purpose is to examine the false positive rates of specific PVTs in low IQ individuals, particularly with reference to a Symptom Validity Scale previously developed for low functioning individuals (Chafetz, Abrahams, & Kohlmaier, 2007, Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22, 1). The findings show that the PVTs analyzed have few false positives in a low IQ range of 60–75 when these individuals are well motivated to perform highly on testing, which allows these PVTs to be used in high stakes cases to provide evidence concerning malingering. Principles of dealing with performance validity in low functioning individuals are discussed with reference to the issues in capital cases. A practical summary guide is supplied.
Congenital Myocardial Sympathetic Dysinnervation (CMSD)—A Structural Defect of Idiopathic Long QT Syndrome

Concerning the path genetic mechanism of idiopathic long QT syndrome (LQTS), the hypothesis of a specific sympathetic imbalance has gained general acceptance, but its validity has never been proven. To test this hypothesis I‐123‐MIBG, an analogue of norepinephrine and guanethi‐dine, was used to provide scinfigraphic display of the efferent cardiac sympathetic innervation. Twelve members of four LQTS families fmean age 38.2 ± 17.2 years, eight males) and eight healthy volunteers (mean age 48.2 ± 13.3 years, five males) were studied by means of M23‐MTBG single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). A quantitative analysis of all scans was performed. All scans of the healthy volunteers show a uniform tracer uptake with sometimes slightly decreased activity in the apex. (1) All patients with QTc > 440 msec (n = 5); (2) all, who had suffered from at least one episode of torsade de pointes, ventricular fibrillation (VF) or syncope (n = 5); and (3) all symptomatic patients with QTc prolongation (n = 4) have reduced or abolished (P < 0.02) MIBG uptakes in the inferior and inferior septal parts of the left ventricle (congenital myocardial sympathetic disintegration [CMSD]). Additionally, one female without symptoms or QTC prolongation (LQT) shows an abnormal MIBG SPECT similar to the one of her daughter, who has LQT and symptoms. One male without LQT, who had suffered from VF shows CMSD similar to his father, who has LQT, but no symptoms. All members of the families with normal MIBG SPECTs have neither LQT nor symptoms. In all families CMSD fulfills the criteria of autonomic‐dominant inheritance. Normal QTc‐interval predicted only in 57% normal cardiac sympathetic enervation in the present LQTS families. Therefore, quantitative I‐123‐MIBG SPECT enables to identify myocardial sympathetic disintegration as structural defect in LQTS. CMSD is associated with and without LQT and presents a pattern of autosomal‐dominant inheritance. LQT at rest or during exercise was specific (100%). but less sensitive (63%) in the assessment of CMSD than I‐123‐MIBG SPECT.
Communication and social change: reclaiming 'the political'

What characterizes the multidisciplinary field of communication for development today? And how do the Master's programme in Communication for Development (ComDev) at Malmo University, the Glocal Times web magazine and Malmo University and Roskilde University’s joint bi-national research centre Orecomm position themselves vis-a-vis this field of research and practice?
On the integrity of databases with incomplete information

We consider the meaningfulness of databases with incomplete information. The basic idea is that such a database is meaningful if it can be completed to a database with complete information that satisfies the integrity constraints. We look at two approaches to defining the notion of completion. The open-world assumption requires that the database with complete information be an extension of the database with incomplete information. The closed-world assumption requires that the database with complete information be a conservative extension of the database with incomplete information. We prove the somewhat surprising result that integrity under the closed-world assumption is * Address: lJ3M Research K55/801, 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 9512043099. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this maicrial is granted provided tba~ the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage. the ACM copyright notice and the title of the publication and its dale appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Association for Computing Machinery. l’o copy otherwise, or to republish. requires a fee and;or specific permission.
The Effect of Spinal Cord Stimulation, Overall, and the Effect of Differing Spinal Cord Stimulation Technologies on Pain, Reduction in Pain Medication, Sleep, and Function

Background. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is effective in reducing pain from a number of differing medical conditions that are refractory to other, more conservative treatments. Much is written in the literature regarding efficacy and safety of SCS; however, no one to our knowledge has compared and reported safety and efficacy of SCS when using differing manufactured SCS devices. We undertook such a preliminary evaluation.
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy with Older People

About the Authors. Preface. Foreword by Aaron T. Beck. Section One: Working Effectively with Older People: Knowledge and Skills. Chapter 1: Basic Gerontology for Cognitive Therapists. Chapter 2: Psychotherapy with Older People. Chapter 3: Cognitive-Behavioural Model for Older People. Section Two: Cognitive Therapy for Late-Life Depression. Chapter 4: CBT for Late-Life Depressive Disorders. Chapter 5: Behavioural Techniques. Chapter 6: Dealing with Negative Thoughts. Chapter 7: Changing Core Beliefs and Assumptions. Section Three: Cognitive Therapy with Special Issues. Chapter 8: Anxiety, Worry, Panic Disorder and Older People. Chapter 9: Insomnia and Sleep Disorders. Chapter 10: Physical Illness, Disability and Depression. Chapter 11: Post-Stroke Depression. Chapter 12: Depression in Dementia and Family Caregiving. Section Four: Final Thoughts. Chapter 13: What to Do When your Patient Says. Chapter 14: Future Directions and Innovations in Practice. Appendix 1: Blank Forms. Appendix 2: Useful Reference Material. Appendix 3: Useful Websites. References. Author Index. Subject Index.
Attention and recognition : the role of overt and covert attention in explicit and subliminal face processing

This thesis investigated the role of attention in conscious and unconscious face recognition by examining the extent to which faces are processed when: i) presented in the visual periphery, and ii) presented very briefly and masked. It was found that conscious face recognition in peripheral vision is impaired but improves if the face has been pre-exposed in central vision. In contrast, subliminal face processing occurs regardless of whether the face is attended and whether it has been pre-exposed. These results support the view that face recognition does not rely on consciousness or attention.
Channel robust speaker verification via Bayesian blind stochastic feature transformation

In telephone-based speaker verification, the channel conditions can be varied significantly from sessions to sessions. Therefore, it is desirable to estimate the channel conditions online and compensate the acoustic distortion without prior knowledge of the channel characteristics. Because no a priori knowledge is used, the estimation accuracy depends greatly on the length of the verification utterances. This paper extends the Blind Stochastic Feature Transformation (BSFT) algorithm that we recently proposed to handle the short-utterance scenario. The idea is to estimate a set of prior transformation parameters from a development set in which a wide variety of channel conditions exists in the verification utterances. The prior transformations are then incorporated into the online estimation of the BSFT parameters in a Bayesian (maximum a posteriori) fashion. The resulting transformation parameters are therefore dependent on both the prior transformations and the verification utterances. For short (long) utterances, the prior transformations play a more (less) important role. We referred the extended algorithm to as Bayesian BSFT (BBSFT) and applied it to the 2001 NIST SRE task. Results show that Bayesian BSFT outperforms BSFT for utterances shorter than or equal to 4 seconds.
A System of Classification and Scoring for Prevalence Surveys of Periodontal Disease

THE "paucity of reliable epidemiological data"1 concerning periodontal disease has been discussed by several commentators.2 3 Although field surveys of gingivitis prevalence have been carried out using the P. M. A. index of Massler and Schour,4-10 studies dealing with more advanced stages of tissue destruction have generally been based upon collections of case histories, with all of the drawbacks inherent in such data,"1 and have ordinarily been limited to estimates of the qualitative presence or absence of disease without regard to its severity,12 or of quantitative bone loss as determined by radiographs alone, without reference to clinical appearance.13' 14 A committee of the University of Michigan Periodontal Workshop stated that "the lack of valid indexes for determining the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of periodontal diseases has hindered seriously the development of more effective preventive and treatment procedures for these diseases. '1 The Council on Dental Health of the American Dental Association commented that, "The prevalence of the disease has not been measured, largely because of inadequate measuring devices. "'5 This report describes a method for scoring the effects of periodontal disease which permits quantitative comparisons between or within human populations, and which may be applied swiftly and with a minimum of equipment in the field.
Encapsulation of hydrophobic aroma in whey protein nanoparticles

Aroma-loaded nanoparticles (d < 300 nm) were prepared by cross-linking denatured whey protein through pH-cycling. The effect of nanoparticulation conditions and aroma concentration on the physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles and aroma release profile was studied. Better retention of aroma was observed when ethyl hexanoate was added before nanoparticle formation. The highest aroma retention was obtained for nanoparticles produced at pH 5.0 and 5.5 without calcium addition. These nanoparticles are characterized by a less compact and more porous internal structure allowing a higher loading of aroma. Increasing aroma concentration increased the diameter and the voluminosity of the aroma-loaded nanoparticles. The percentage of aroma retention showed an increase from 7% to 24% over the tested concentration range while the value averaged 2% for native or denatured whey protein. Encapsulation of ethyl hexanoate in whey protein nanoparticles reduced the mass transfer of aroma at the surface of the matrix and improved its retention.
Exposure-Related Effects of Atazanavir on the Pharmacokinetics of Raltegravir in HIV-1-Infected Patients

Raltegravir (RAL) is primarily metabolized by uridine diphosphate-glucorunosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1). Atazanavir (ATV), a strong inhibitor of UGT1A1, has been shown to increase plasma concentrations of RAL by approximately 50% in healthy volunteers. However, the extent of this interaction has not been studied in HIV-infected patients. A pharmacokinetic study was performed in 22 HIV-infected adults treated with 400 mg RAL plus 300 mg ATV 300 twice a day. Both drugs showed high pharmacokinetic variability (RAL AUC0-12 7649 ± 4862 ng*h/mL; ATV AUC0-12 = 19237 ± 13136 ng*h/mL). Notably, RAL trough concentrations were significantly higher compared with those measured in HIV subjects (n = 24) on RAL plus nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (506 ± 411 versus 177 ± 262 ng/mL, P < 0.01). A significant correlation was found between RAL and ATV area under the curve (AUC) (r = 0.611, P = 0.005). Notably, patients with ATV AUC0-12 above the mean or with concentrations exceeding the half maximal inhibitory concentration for UGT1A1 had twofold higher RAL AUCs compared with patients with lower ATV exposure. Coadministration of ATV significantly increased plasma concentrations of RAL, especially in HIV-1-infected patients exposed to high concentrations of the protease inhibitor. This pharmacokinetic drug interaction could be handled by routine measurements of ATV trough concentrations and by the assessment of plasma RAL concentrations 2 to 3 hours after the morning drug intake.