Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statistical Study of the Process Parameters for Achieving Continuous Consolidation of a Thermoplastic Composite

Manufacturing components using thermoplastic composite materials necessitates a judicious balance among fabrication parameters, cost considerations and the ultimate quality of the elements produced. Continuous manufacturing technologies, exemplified by methods such as continuous compressing molding and glide forming, seek to revolutionize production through their continuous processing approach. This study aimed to investigate the effects different process parameters have on the final quality of the manufactured parts when a continuous manufacturing technology, such as glide forming, is applied to thermoplastic composite materials. An experimental rig was designed, and 19 samples were prepared using a unidirectional-carbon-fiber-reinforced LM-PAEK (low-melting polyaryletherketone) composite. The process parameters studied were temperature, pressure and forming speed. The quality of the final parts was evaluated based on their thickness and consolidation levels. The findings underscore the feasibility of leveraging continuous manufacturing technologies for producing components using thermoplastic composite materials, but the process parameters must be carefully controlled to ensure the quality of the final part. The models obtained could be used as a post-processing tool to predict thickness and consolidation levels when simulating the manufacture of a component on macroscale levels. Further research is needed to optimize the process parameters and study their effects on other thermoplastic composite materials.
Frequency Stable Microwave Sapphire Oscillators

We show that state-of-the-art phase noise and high frequency stability could be simultaneously achieved in a microwave oscillator based on the sapphire-loaded cavity resonator. Two 9 GHz sapphire oscillators were constructed with the single-sideband (SSB) phase noise close t −170 dBc/Hz at an offset frequency of 10 kHz and fractional frequency instability less than 2 10−13 for integration times from 5 to 50 s. This work describes the technique for phase-referencing the microwave sapphire oscillator to a stable radio frequency source. We also discuss the suppression of the fast phase fluctuations of the microwave signal due to its transmission through the high- $Q$ resonator.
SCHOOL LEADERSHIP MODELS IN GREECE: PRACTICES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL LEADERS / ΜΟΝΤΕΛΑ ΣΧΟΛΙΚΗΣ ΗΓΕΣΙΑΣ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ: ΠΡΑΚΤΙΚΕΣ ΔΙΕΥΘΥΝΤΩΝ/ΤΡΙΩΝ ΔΗΜΟΤΙΚΗΣ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗΣ

One of the most critical factors associated with school effectiveness is school leadership. The purpose of our research was to study the practices of primary school principals regarding school leadership from the perspective of managerial, transformational, and instructional leadership models. The sample of the study consisted of 12 primary school principals who worked in Thessaloniki (Greece). A semi-structured interview was used as a data collection tool. Data were studied and categorized based on the method of hybrid thematic analysis. The results of the study showed that managerial model is dominant. Principals, though, developed the tendency to adopt modern models of leadership as well, the “narrow” version of instructional leadership model and the two of the four dimensions of transformational leadership model, Idealized influence and Ιndividual consideration. The conclusion is that although principals had adopted some aspects of modern leadership models, it is necessary for them to acquire knowledge and skills for the other dimensions also and to act accordingly. The Ministry of Education should design and implement training programs for principals, after conducting an investigation of training needs, in order to acquire more knowledge and skills concerning leadership and management so they can be more effective. Ένας από τους πιο σημαντικούς παράγοντες που συνδέονται με τη σχολική αποτελεσματικότητα είναι η σχολική ηγεσία. Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν να μελετήσει τις πρακτικές διευθυντών/ντριων δημοτικής εκπαίδευσης σχετικά με τη σχολική ηγεσία υπό το πρίσμα των μοντέλων της διοικητικής, μετασχηματιστικής και καθοδηγητικής ηγεσίας. Το δείγμα της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν 12 διευθυντές/ντριες δημοτικών σχολείων της Θεσσαλονίκης. Ως ερευνητικό εργαλείο αξιοποιήθηκε η ημι-δομημένη συνέντευξη και ως ερευνητική τεχνική η υβριδική θεματική ανάλυση. Από τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας προέκυψε πως το διοικητικό μοντέλο είναι κυρίαρχο στις πρακτικές των διευθυντών/ντριών, οι οποίες συνδέονται επίσης με τη «στενή» εκδοχή του καθοδηγητικού μοντέλου και τις δύο από τις τέσσερις διαστάσεις της μετασχηματιστικής ηγεσίας, την εξιδανικευμένη επιρροή και το εξατομικευμένο ενδιαφέρον. Ως συμπέρασμα προέκυψε η ανάγκη υλοποίησης επιμορφωτικών προγραμμάτων για διευθυντές/ντριες, μετά από διερεύνηση αναγκών, υπό την αιγίδα κρατικών φορέων της εκπαίδευσης, ώστε να αποκτήσουν γνώσεις και δεξιότητες και για τις υπόλοιπες διαστάσεις των σύγχρονων μοντέλων ηγεσίας και να ανταποκριθούν στις απαιτήσεις της θέσης ευθύνης που υπηρετούν. Article visualizations:
3D Technology Used for Precision in Orthodontics

One of the most crucial technologies used by orthodontists to assess and document the dimensions of craniofacial features is imaging. Orthodontists frequently employ two-dimensional (2D) imaging methods, although 2D imaging cannot localize or determine the depth of structures. Early in the 1990s, three-dimensional (3D) imaging was invented, and it has since become a crucial part of dentistry, especially in orthodontics. One of the newest and most important breakthroughs in dentistry is 3D technology. Clinicians have been able to significantly improve patient care while also shortening the time spent on treatment planning due to these technologies, which include intra-oral scanning, 3D imaging, computed-axial tomography (CAT) scan, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), and 3D software. 3D models of maxillary and mandibular arches can take the place of conventional plaster casts and their limits for planning treatments, appliance production, and estimated treatment results as part of this continuous progress. Digital orthodontics procedures have become more popular in the recent past. The development of “personalized” orthodontic appliances makes use of technology. These technologies' overall improvement can increase clinicians' productivity and efficiency by simplifying traditional methods that are seen to be particularly laborious. The objectives of this review are to provide an overall description of the 3D technology nowadays and to assess its orthodontic applications.
Multiplex Bioanalytical Methods for Comprehensive Characterization and Quantification of the Unique Complementarity-Determining-Region Deamidation of MEDI7247, an Anti-ASCT2 Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Antibody–Drug Conjugate

Deamidation, a common post-translational modification, may impact multiple physiochemical properties of a therapeutic protein. MEDI7247, a pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), contains a unique deamidation site, N102, located within the complementarity-determining region (CDR), impacting the affinity of MEDI7247 to its target. Therefore, it was necessary to monitor MEDI7247 deamidation status in vivo. Due to the low dose, a sensitive absolute quantification method using immunocapture coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LBA-LC-MS/MS) was developed and qualified. We characterized the isomerization via Electron-Activated Dissociation (EAD), revealing that deamidation resulted in iso-aspartic acid. The absolute quantification of deamidation requires careful assay optimization in order not to perturb the balance of the deamidated and nondeamidated forms. Moreover, the selection of capture reagents essential for the correct quantitative assessment of deamidation was evaluated. The final assay was qualified with 50 ng/mL LLOQ for ADC for total and nondeamidated antibody quantification, with qualitative monitoring of the deamidated antibody. The impact of deamidation on the pharmacokinetic characteristics of MEDI7247 from clinical trial NCT03106428 was analyzed, revealing a gradual reduction in the nondeamidated form of MEDI7247 in vivo. Careful quantitative biotransformation analyses of complex biotherapeutic conjugates help us understand changes in product PTMs after administration, thus providing a more complete view of in vivo pharmacology.
Recent developments of nanocatalysts for Stille coupling reaction

Abstract In organic synthesis, the Stille reaction is one of the most general, effective, and selective Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions for the formation of C–C bonds. It is based on organotin compounds using catalytic amounts of Pd complexes under mild reaction conditions normally. The stability toward moisture and air of organotin mediators provides superiority to the Stille reaction over other Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling transformations. The Stille reaction is effective in preparing promising organic molecules and is generally superior for synthesizing complex molecules including natural products. Currently, metal nanoparticles are more fascinating tools for catalysis due to their high surface-area-to-volume ratio. Besides, magnetic nanoparticles have been the focus of more attraction during the last two decades as they can be easily separated from the reaction mixture. Hence, this review aims to focus on the applications of nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst in Stille coupling elegantly for the first time. Graphical Abstract
Strategi Pemasaran Produk Mitraguna di Bank Syariah Indonesia

Nasabah produk pembiayaan Mitraguna Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) BSI senantiasa mengalami peningkatan. Penelitian kualitatif ini berikhtiar untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran BSI dalam meningkatkan jumlah nasabah pembiayaan Mitraguna; serta untuk mengetahui kendala dan solusi yang dihadapi BSI dalam menerapkan strategi pemasaran pembiayaan mitraguna. Hasil penelitian ini menyebutkan, strategi pemasaran pembiayaan Mitraguna di BSI dengan bauran pemasaran 7P yaitu produk (product), harga (price), tempat (place), promosi (promotion), orang-orang (people), bukti fisik (physical evidence) dan proses (processes). Kendala yang dihadapi dua faktor: Faktor internal yaitu kondisi covid-19 yang membatasi karyawan untuk masuk setiap hari karena aturan WFH (work from home), sehingga pemasaran produk dan pelayanan menjadi kurang maksimal, maka solusinya pemasaran online dilakukan lebih masif serta menyediakan aplikasi BSI Mobile. Faktor eksternal dikarenakan covid-19, nasabah menahan diri untuk pergi melakukan pembiayaan langsung ke Bank dan adanya nasabah canggung karena baru pertama kali melakukan pembiayaan di BSI. Solusinya dengan menggunakan aplikasi BSI Mobile, proses approval yang mudah dan cepat, serta princing yang kompetitif dan aman sesuai prinsip Syariah.
Venturing into Qualitative Research: A Practical Guide to Getting Started

In this commentary, we offer an introduction to qualitative research. Our goal is to provide guidance so that others can avoid common missteps and benefit from our lessons learned. We explain what qualitative data and research are, the value of qualitative research, and features that make qualitative research excellent, as well as how qualitative data can be collected and used to study undergraduate research. Our advice and recommendations are targeted at researchers who, like us, were first trained in fields with tendencies to overlook or underestimate qualitative research and its contributions. We share examples from our own and others’ research related to undergraduate research settings. We provide a table of resources researchers may find useful as they continue to learn about and conduct qualitative studies.
Strontium Ranelate Ameliorates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via Regulating TGF-β1/NF-κB Axis

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a prevalent and debilitating condition characterized by chronic back pain and reduced quality of life. Strontium ranelate (SRR) is a compound traditionally used for treating osteoporosis via activating TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Recent studies have proved the anti-inflammatory effect of SRR on chondrocytes. Although the exact mechanism of IVDD remains unclear, accumulating evidences have emphasized the involvement of multifactorial pathogenesis including inflammation, oxidative stress damage, and etc. However, the biological effect of SRR on IVDD and its molecular mechanism has not been investigated. Firstly, this study proved the decreased expression of Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1(TGF-β1) in degenerated human intervertebral disc tissues. Subsequently, we confirmed for the first time that SRR could promote cell proliferation, mitigate inflammation and oxidative stress in human nucleus pulposus cells in vitro via increasing the expression of TGF-β1 and suppressing the Nuclear Factor Kappa-Light-Chain-Enhancer of Activated B Cells (NF-κB) pathway. The molecular docking result proved the interaction between SRR and TGF-β1 protein. To further verify this interaction, gain- and loss- of function experiments were conducted. We discovered that both TGF-β1 knockdown and overexpression influenced the activation of the NF-κB pathway. Taken together, SRR could mitigate IL-1β induced-cell dysfunction in human nucleus pulposus cells by regulating TGF-β1/NF-κB axis in vitro. Finally, the in vivo therapeutic effect of SRR on IVDD was confirmed. Our findings may contribute to the understanding of the complex interplay between inflammation and degenerative processes in the intervertebral disc and provide valuable insights into the development of targeted treatment-based therapeutics for IVDD.
An Analysis of Lexicons in Costumes of Baris Gede Dance at Penuktukan Village

This research aims to find out the lexicons and the cultural meaning in the costumes of the Baris Gede dance. Baris Gede dance is a traditional Balinese dance that tells about warriors fighting on the battlefield. Costumes are an important component in the Baris Gede dance because the costumes used represent the contents of the dance. This research used qualitative research with interviews and observation as the method to obtain the data. The researcher found 14 lexicons in the costumes; head costume (1 lexicon) that is gelungan, neck costume (1 lexicon) which is badong/bapang, hand costume (1 lexicon) which is gelang kana, upper body costume (7 lexicons) which are awiran, oncer, lamak, kwace selem, tali semayut, keris, and urangka and lower body costume (4 lexicons) that are stewel, jaler putih, kancut putih, and sabuk. The cultural meaning relates to the soldiers on the battlefield. Warriors are depicted as dashing and brave figures represented through the Baris Gede dance costume.
The Rest-Pause Biceps Curl Exercise Effect on Biceps Brachii Muscle of Women: A Study of Mechanical Responsiveness

The Rest-Pause Biceps Curl (RPBC) exercise generates a physiological response that enhances muscle growth and force in the Biceps Brachii (BB) through increased activation and fatigue. Specifically, the RPBC exercise leads to heightened muscle displacement and stress due to increased activation and fatigue. This stress results in muscle strain, and contracting of the muscle fibers, which causes microtrauma. The repair and adaptation process in response to this microtrauma can result in increased muscle size and force. This scrutiny purposed to explore the influence of isometric, concentric and eccentric contractions on the mechanical behavior of the BB muscle in the RPBC exercise at 2 kg, 3 kg and 5 kg dumbbell weights. In this study, ten healthy women aged 20 to 30 years, with a training background and no history of cardiovascular, neurological, or upper extremity disorders, were studied as subjects. This research was innovative in that it evaluated the collective effect of contractions on mechanical changes in BB muscle behavior during the exercise, without having physical contact with the muscle. In conclusion, the maximum displacement ( $37.56 \mu \text{m}$ ), stress (355.89 Pa), and strain ( $3.06\times 10 ^{-4}$ %) was achieved in the BB muscles as the subjects lifted 5 kg dumbbells. In addition, a linear correlation between muscle force and mechanical behavior in the muscle was observed for three different weights of the dumbbell. The results of this study evaluates muscle fatigue and recovery during exercise, providing insights into injury risk and prevention, and improves exercise technique and form.
Mid‐century effects of Climate Change on African monsoon dynamics using the A1B emission scenario

Future climate changes in African regions are model‐dependent and there is no consensus regarding Sahelian rainfall by the end of this century. Using 12 atmosphere‐ocean global climate models of the third Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) we propose a multi‐model (MM) analysis contrasting the 1960–1999 period (20c3m integration) and the 2031–2070 period (A1B emission scenario). The analyses are based on MM response but also on the ‘one model‐one vote’ concept to give the same weight to each model. The results show robust signals in the rainfall response, i.e., increasing (decreasing) amounts in central (western) Sahel associated with specific changes in atmospheric dynamics. The rainfall excesses expected in central Sahel are mainly linked to an enhancement of the northern Hadley‐type cell and probably to its northward shift. At low‐levels increasing temperature and evaporation strengthen the monsoon flux. Rainfall deficits predicted westward are due to a reinforcement of the African Easterly Jet and to anomalies in the zonal circulation between the Indian and the Atlantic Oceans, favouring air subsidence and moisture export outside the region. The weakening of the meridional circulation is also able to prevent rainfall amounts in the western part of the Sahel. More generally, these analyses show that in future works the Sahel region must not be considered as one consistent region but as two separate areas, both sides of the Greenwich meridian. The authors propose to consider this feature in the next Fifth Assessment cycle (AR5) in order to better understand the impacts of the climate change on West Africa. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Practical guidelines and the EMLN R package for handling ecological multilayer networks

Network analysis provides a powerful framework to study the complexity underlying the structure, dynamics and function of ecological systems. By now, analysing single‐layered networks is a common practice with clear guidelines and well‐established computational tools. Nevertheless, ecological communities are multilayered because they vary over space and time and contain multiple types of interactions. In recent years, the analysis of ecological multilayer networks (EMLNs) has allowed researchers to include such multilayered complexity. However, there is a paucity of practical guidelines and standardised tools to handle EMLN data, even before downstream analysis. In this article, we accomplish three objectives: (1) We provide practical guidelines for handling EMLN data. (2) We developed the EMLN R package to standardise the workflow of creating, storing and working with EMLN objects. The package also enables conversion between multiple formats for downstream analysis with other standard packages. (3) We provide EMLN data sets for research and training purposes. A dedicated website with explanations, detailed examples and code accompanies our paper. This website is a gateway for novice and experienced network ecologists who want to include EMLNs in their research. By simplifying the analysis of multilayer networks and promoting standardised approaches, we facilitate the analysis of EMLNs. This paves the road towards gaining deeper insights into functioning and resilience of natural ecosystems.
Emerging Roles for Dendritic Cells in Heart Failure

The field of cardio-immunology has emerged from discoveries that define roles for innate and adaptive immune responses associated with myocardial inflammation and heart failure. Dendritic cells (DCs) comprise an important cellular compartment that contributes to systemic immune surveillance at the junction of innate and adaptive immunity. Once described as a singular immune subset, we now appreciate that DCs consist of a heterogeneous pool of subpopulations, each with distinct effector functions that can uniquely regulate the acute and chronic inflammatory response. Nevertheless, the cardiovascular-specific context involving DCs in negotiating the biological response to myocardial injury is not well understood. Herein, we review our current understanding of the role of DCs in cardiac inflammation and heart failure, including gaps in knowledge and clinical relevance.
Hyperspectral Imaging System Optimization and Image Processing

In the research of remote sensing for precision farming applications, the data quality of the aerial hyperspectral imaging system suffers from geometric distortions. Some of the distortions are caused by aircraft attitude change during the current pushbroom type image scanning. These distortions must be corrected before image data can be geo-referenced and used for field pattern identifications. Development of methods and algorithms for the correction of this type of remote sensing data distortion is the objective of this study. Three different approaches, namely manual correction, sensor augmentation, and image processing were developed. A Fiber Optic Gyroscope (FOG) attitude sensor was used on board the airplane to measure the real-time image sensor attitude, a polynomial interpolation algorithm was developed, and a reference straight feature was segmented based on the selected training dataset. The performance of all three methods was evaluated and compared. It is suggested that further integration of the attitude sensor with the imaging system can provide an instantaneous fully automated distortion correction system.
Far-Field Flow Forces Attraction

L ong-range attraction between distant objects can arise from gravitational or electrostatic forces. For objects suspended in active fluids—those containing a large number of tiny motile particles—efforts to understand how these forces drive effective interactions focus on direct collisions between the objects and the active agents. Now Luhui Ning and Yi Peng of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and their colleagues show that indirect effects can also play an important role in generating long-range attraction [1]. By examining the effective interactions between two plates immersed in a bacterial suspension, they show that hydrodynamic forces generated by swimming bacteria have a strong influence on the plates’ behaviors. The results open a new pathway toward developing active fluids to manipulate interactions between passive objects, a common objective in biomedicine andmaterials science.