Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of MaTu‐MN protein in human tumor cultures and in clinical specimens

MaTu is a novel agent which may be of relevance in human oncogenesis, and has 2 components. One of them, the exogenous MX (coding for protein p58X), is transmissible to human fibroblasts, to HeLa and to HeLa × fibroblast (H/F) hybrids. The other component, MN, is a cellular gene. Its product, the protein p54/58N, is inducible by infecting HeLa cells with MX or by growing them in dense cultures. This p54/58N appears to be a tumor‐associated antigen: it is expressed in HeLa and in tumorigenic cells (H/F‐T), but not in fibroblasts or in non‐tumorigenic hybrid cells (H/F‐N). Proteins related to p54/58N were also found on immunoblots prepared from human carcinomas of ovary, endometrium and uterine cervix, but not from normal tissues from corresponding organs or from placenta. Using genetically engineered MN protein, we developed a radioimmunoassay for MN‐specific antibodies, and for quantitative determination of MN proteins in cell extracts. In HeLa cells infected with MX we observed conspicuous ultrastructural alterations: formation of abundant filaments on the cell surface and amplification of mitochondria. Using immunogold‐staining, we visualized the p54/58N on the surface microvilli and in the nucleus, particularly in nucleoli.
Flexible iris retractors for management of zonular dialysis during planned phacoemulsification.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the use of flexible iris retractors in four patients with zonular dialysis occurring during cataract surgery. METHODS We describe the use of flexible iris retractors to stretch and fixate the capsulorhexis over the zonular dehiscence sector for patients with traumatic zonular disruption occurring during phacoemulsification, which stabilizes the capsular bag and facilitates cataract extraction without complications. RESULTS Each of the four eyes was implanted with posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) successfully. The intraocular lenses (IOLs) remained well centered during the 12-month follow-up period and the patients enjoyed improved vision without complications. CONCLUSION Flexible iris retractor is a simple, convenient and useful instrument for managing zonular dehiscence that occurred during cataract extraction. It facilitates the removal of the residual lens material and IOL implantation without major complications.
Characterization of turbostratic carbons synthesized by catalytic decomposition of acetylene

Turbostratic mesoporous carbons were synthesized by catalytic decomposition of acetylene over Cu/MgO or Cu/Al2O3 catalysts. The carbon samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermo gravimetric analyser (TGA). The decomposition of temperature was found having crucial effect on the micro structure and reactivity of carbon samples. Increase of decomposition temperature leads to the decrease of the surface area and growth of carbon crystallite volume (Vnano), which make the chemical reactivity of carbons reduced. It was found that Vnano is a useful parameter to describe the effect of the crystalline structure on the reactivity of turbostratic carbons in oxygen-carbon reaction.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Olanzapine: The Combined Effect of Age, Gender, Smoking, and Comedication

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) data for the antipsychotic drug olanzapine were investigated with respect to concentration versus dose relationship, intraindividual versus interindividual variability, and the combined influence of patient characteristics on steady-state concentration. The study included 250 patients, with daily doses ranging from 2.5 to 30 mg. Median concentration to dose ratio was 2.1 (ng/mL)/(mg/d), with 90% of the distribution in a fivefold range. In the first subgroup of patients with two measurements at different doses (n = 21), data were in keeping with linear concentration versus dose relationship. In the second subgroup of patients with repeated measurements at a constant daily dose (n = 40), estimates of within-patient and between-patient variabilities were 30.5% and 49.4%, respectively. In the whole sample, multiple regression analysis of dose-normalized concentration revealed significant effects of time postdose (−18% per 12 hours delay, P < 0.05), age ≥60 years (+27%, P < 0.005), cigarette smoking (−12%, P < 0.05), and comedication with fluvoxamine (+74%, P < 0.001), paroxetine, fluoxetine, or sertraline (considered together, +32%, P < 0.05), venlafaxine (+27%, P < 0.05), and inducers of P450 enzymes (−40%, P < 0.001). The final model included a tendency for higher concentration associated with female gender (+11%, P = 0.07) and accounted for 27% of observed interindividual variability. When considering a worst-case scenario, an elderly, nonsmoking woman prescribed fluvoxamine comedication was predicted to reach a 4.6-fold higher olanzapine concentration than a young male smoker coadministered carbamazepine. The current study suggests that patients characterized by a combination of factors associated with altered metabolism may benefit from olanzapine TDM.
Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography # 14 . 06 Quality of government and innovative performance in the regions of Europe

Although it has frequently been argued that the quality of institutions affects the innovative potential of a territory, the link between institutions and innovation remains a black box. This paper aims to shed light on how institutions shape innovative capacity, by focusing on how regional government quality affects innovative performance in the regions of Europe. By exploiting new data on quality of government (QoG), we assess how government quality and its components (control of corruption, rule of law, government effectiveness and government accountability) shape patenting capacity across the regions of the European Union (EU). The results of the analysis – which are robust to controlling for the endogeneity of institutions – provide strong evidence of a causal link between the quality of local governments and the capacity of territories to generate innovation. In particular, low quality of government becomes a fundamental barrier for the innovative capacity of the periphery of the EU, strongly undermining any potential effect of any other measures aimed at promoting greater innovation. The results have important implications for the definition of innovation strategies in EU regions.
Influence of resistance exercise of different intensities on state anxiety and blood pressure.

PURPOSE The purpose of this investigation was to examine selected psychobiological responses to acute bouts of resistance exercise (RE) of different intensities. METHODS Eighty-four participants were classified as experienced or inexperienced and then randomly assigned to three conditions: 1) 50% of one repetition maximum(1RM), 2) 80% 1RM, or 3) control condition. RE consisted of performing three sets of four exercises between 12 to 20 reps in the 50% 1RM condition and four to eight reps in the 80% 1RM condition. Dependent variables consisted of state anxiety (SA), mood states (POMS), systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and heart rate (HR). These variables were assessed before as well as 1, 20, 60, 120, and 180-min following the conditions. Data were analyzed with a 2 (experience) x 3 (conditions) x 6 (trials) mixed model ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests. RESULTS Results indicated that SA decreased significantly (P < 0.05) 180 min following the 50% 1RM condition. A significant decrease (P < 0.05) in vigor occurred immediately following the 50% IRM condition and persisted for 20 min. SBP increased significantly (P < 0.05) immediately following the 80% 1RM condition. HR increased significantly (P < 0.05) following both RE conditions. No significant differences were found between the experienced or inexperienced participants. CONCLUSIONS An acute bout of RE at 50% 1RM is associated with an immediate reduction in vigor followed by a significant decrease in SA that emerged 180 min following exercise.
Managing Family Businesses in Small Communities

Small businesses located in communities with populations of less than 10,000 were identified in a national sample of family businesses and examined for differences in their management strategies (n = 384). These businesses were first clustered by level and type of management strategy and then analyzed to ascertain differences and similarities in both personal and business firm characteristics among the family business manager groupings. Problems associated with small business management and sources of assistance were also identified. Findings suggest that managers of small family businesses located in small U.S. communities who practiced strategies focusing on extensive planning and controlling perceived their businesses to be successful; however, these managers noted that their greatest problem involved development of sound marketing strategies.
The C allele of synonymous SNP (rs1142636, Asn170Asn) in SYN1 is a risk factor for the susceptibility of Korean female schizophrenia

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of synapsin I (SYN1) (rs1142636, Asn170Asn, Xp11.23) and SYN2 (rs2289708, 3′‐untranslated region, 3p25) in schizopherenia. Methods: Two hundred eighty six schizophrenia patients and 304 control subjects were recruited. SNPs with a know heterozygosity and minor allele frequency (MAF) > 0.1 in Asian populations were selected and genotyped by direct sequencing. Results: The allelic frequencies of rs1142636 (SYN1) were associated with schizophrenia (P < 0.05), respectively. The allelic frequency of rs1142636 in all subjects was associated with schizophrenia [P = 0.000059, OR = 2.17 (95% CI = 1.47–3.18)]. The C allele frequency of rs1142636 was higher in schizophrenia (20.8%) than that in controls (10.8%). In the analysis of gender, the allelic frequency of rs1142636 was also strongly associated with female schizophrenia [P = 0.0001, OR = 2.65 (95% CI = 1.61–4.36)], but not with male schizophrenia. The C allele frequency of rs1142636 was higher in female schizophrenia (22.2%) than that in female controls (9.7%). The rs2289708 SNP (SYN2) did not show any association between schizophrenia and controls. Conclusions: These results suggest that the C allele of a synonymous SNP (rs1142636, Asn170Asn, Xp11.23) in SYN1 may be a risk factor for the susceptibility of Koreran female schizophrenia. Synapse 66:979–983, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prescribed Burns and Wildfires in Colorado: Impacts of Mitigation Measures on Indoor Air Particulate Matter

Abstract Wildfires and prescribed burns are receiving increasing attention as sources of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The goal of this research project was to understand the impact of mitigation strategies for residences impacted by scheduled prescribed burns and wildfires. Pairs of residences were solicited to have PM2.5 concentrations monitored inside and outside of their houses during four fires. The effect of using air cleaners on indoor PM2.5 was investigated, as well as the effect of keeping windows closed. Appropriately sized air cleaners were provided to one of each pair of residences; occupants of all of the residences were asked to keep windows shut and minimize opening of exterior doors. Additionally, residents were asked to record all of the activities that may be a source of particulate matter, such as cooking and cleaning. Measurements were made during one prescribed burn and three wildfires during the 2002 fire season. Outdoor 24‐hr average PM2.5 concentrations ranging from 6 to 38 µg/m3 were measured during the fires, compared with levels of 2–5 µg/m3 during background measurements when no fires were burning. During the fires, PM2.5 was <3 µg/m3 inside all of the houses with air cleaners installed. This corresponds with a decrease of 63–88% in homes with the air cleaners operating when compared with homes without air cleaners. In the homes without the air cleaners, measured indoor concentrations were 58–100% of the concentrations measured outdoors.
Progress in endocrine exophthalmos.

Exophthalmos or proptosis refers to forward displacement of the eyeball and must be distinguished from retraction of the eyelids which causes an illusion of exophthalmos. Lid retraction usually results from activation of the autonomie nervous system. Exophthalmos is a more serious disorder caused by inflammatory and infiltrative changes in the retro-orbital tissues, and is essentially a feature of Graves's disease, though it has been described in chronic thyroiditis1 and may occur in Cushing's syndrome.2 Exophthalmos commonly starts shortly after the development of thyrotoxicosis but may arise months or even years after hyperthyroidism has been successfully treated.3 Only 2-3% of patients with Graves's disease develop severe exophthal mos.4 The degree of exophthalmos is not correlated with the severity of hyperthyroidism, even when their onset is simul taneous. Some of the worst examples of endocrine exophthalmos occur in the euthyroid state and may appear in patients who have never had thyrotoxicosis? a disorder named ophthalmic Graves's disease.
The preferential release of newly synthesized transmitter by a sympathetic ganglion

1. The acetylcholine (ACh) store of cat's superior cervical ganglia was replaced with radioactive ACh by perfusion, during stimulation, with [3H]choline—Locke solution. Perfusion was continued with Locke containing unlabelled choline (Ch) (in physiological concentration) and the release of labelled and unlabelled ACh was measured.
Planning to Cheat: EU Fiscal Policy in Real Time

"Using real-time data from Europe's Stability and Convergence Programs, we explore how fiscal plans and their implementation in the EU are determined. We find that (1) implemented budgetary adjustment falls systematically short of planned adjustment and this shortfall increases with the projection horizon, (2) variability in the eventual fiscal outcomes is dominated by the implementation errors, (3) there is a limited role for 'traditional' political variables, (4) stock-flow adjustments are more important when plans are more ambitious, and (5), most importantly, both the ambition in fiscal plans and their implementation benefit from stronger national fiscal institutions. We emphasize also the importance of credible plans for the eventual fiscal outcomes". Copyright (c) CEPR, CES, MSH, 2009.
Protecting pregnant women from malaria in areas of high HIV infection prevalence.

In the early 19th century much of the map of Africa consisted of blank spaces--regions uncharted by Europeans. Now 200 years later our geographical knowledge of Africa is superb but there are many uncharted regions in our knowledge of diseases that are endemic there. The HIV and malaria epidemics overlap in sub-Saharan Africa. These are also particularly serious reproductive-health problems imperiling the 18 million women who become pregnant each year in this region. Up to 66% of pregnant women will become infected with Plasmodium falciparum leading to poor obstetrical outcomes such as low birth weight. The median reported prevalence of HIV infection in 21 sub-Saharan African countries was 11.4% in 2002--2003. Thus many pregnant women will be coinfected with malarial parasites and HIV. Each disease exacerbates the other: malarial parasite--infected pregnant women have increased HIV loads whereas HIV-infected pregnant women have reduced antimalarial immunity and higher prevalences of malaria. Nevertheless there is a paucity of evidence on which to base policies to protect HIV-infected pregnant women from malaria and other opportunistic infections. (excerpt)
The Effects of Reversing the Polarity of Frequency‐Limited Single‐Cycle Stimuli on the Human Auditory Brain Stem Response

This study was conducted to investigate morphologic differences in the ABR as a result of reversing the stimulus polarity of frequency-limited single-cycle stimuli in normal-hearing subjects. The results clearly demonstrate that large latency differences occur between condensation and rarefaction stimuli for low-frequency stimuli. It is believed that polarity-specific latencies are a result of the highly phase-sensitive neural elements tuned to low-frequency stimuli. In the majority of test subjects the rarefaction stimulus produced shorter absolute wave latencies; however, in a small number of subjects, significantly shorter latencies were elicited with the condensation stimulus. It is believed that differences may occur from varying summation patterns of inner hair cell depolarization between subjects which would be consistent over time within the same subject.
Health Insurance Coverage and Risky Health Behaviors among Young Adults

Abstract This paper investigates the relationship between health insurance coverage and risky health behaviors among young adults using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 Cohort (NLSY97). Before the Affordable Care Act required all employers in the United States to provide health insurance to employees’ children until the age of 26 (before September 2010), many health insurance contracts covered dependents up until age 19. Using a regression discontinuity design framework, I find that approximately 6 percent of young adults lose their health insurance coverage once they turn 19. I also find that although losing health insurance coverage at age 19 does not have any significant impact on smoking, marijuana use, and risky sexual behaviors among young adults, it decreases the probability of consuming 5 or more drinks a day by approximately 2 percentage points. These results are robust under several different parametric and non-parametric models and not sensitive to the selection of samples based on gender.
Effects of among‐offspring relatedness on the origins and evolution of parental care and filial cannibalism

Parental care is expected to increase the likelihood of offspring survival at the cost of investment in future reproductive success. However, alternative parental behaviours, such as filial cannibalism, can decrease current reproductive success and consequently individual fitness. We evaluate the role of among‐offspring relatedness on the evolution of parental care and filial cannibalism. Building on our previous work, we show how the evolution of care is influenced by the effect of among‐offspring relatedness on both the strength of competition and filial cannibalism. When there is a positive relationship between among‐offspring competition and relatedness, parental care will be favoured when among‐offspring relatedness is relatively low, and the maintenance of both care and no‐care strategies is expected. If the relationship between among‐offspring competition and relatedness is negative, parental care is most strongly favoured when broods contain highly related offspring. Further, we highlight the range of conditions over which the level of this among‐offspring relatedness can affect the co‐occurrence of different care/no care and cannibalism/no cannibalism strategies. Coexistence of multiple strategies is independent of the effects of among‐offspring relatedness on cannibalism but more likely when among‐offspring relatedness and competition are positively associated.
Online workload control with shifting bottlenecks and due date constraints

In this paper an adaptive order release strategy for job shop production with well-defined routes is presented. The release strategy is a combination of different known methods. It balances altering machine load of a plant due to different products produced in the job shop. Additionally the constraint of the due date of each individual order is kept. Balanced load on all machines is achieved by controlling the sequence of order release and the release time. For the adjustment of the controller only the desired average WIP (Work in Process) of each machine has to be set. The strategy is tested with two plant models based on Petri net simulations.
Racial disparities in smoking knowledge among current smokers: Data from the health information national trends surveys

Although African-Americans (Blacks) smoke fewer cigarettes per day than European-Americans (Whites), there is ample evidence that Blacks are more susceptible to smoking-related health consequences. A variety of behavioural, social and biological factors have been linked to this increased risk. There has been little research, however, on racial differences in smoking-related knowledge and perceived risk of lung cancer. The primary goal of the current study was to evaluate beliefs and knowledge that contribute to race disparities in lung cancer risk among current smokers. Data from two separate nationally representative surveys (the Health Information National Trends surveys 2003 and 2005) were analysed. Logistic and hierarchical regressions were conducted; gender, age, education level, annual household income and amount of smoking were included as covariates. In both studies, Black smokers were significantly more likely to endorse inaccurate statements than were White smokers, and did not estimate their lung cancer risk to be significantly higher than Whites. Results highlight an important racial disparity in public health knowledge among current smokers.
Richard Stone, Demand Theory and the Emergence of Modern Econometrics

In 1945, the year Richard Stone first published on demand analysis, there was no consensus on how economic data should be analyzed; but over the decade 1945-54 least squares regression emerged. This process may be seen in Stone's work, but Stone also had a major influence on the emergence and formalization of the methodology. He was influenced by the Cowles Commission work, but did not see simultaneity as a major practical problem. His abandonment of confluence analysis was in part due its lack of statistical foundations, but also to his perception of residual serial correlation as a dominant problem in time-series econometrics. Copyright 1991 by Royal Economic Society.
Fast Memory Efficient Local Outlier Detection in Data Streams (Extended Abstract)

Outlier detection is an important task in data mining. With the growing need to analyze high speed data streams, the task of outlier detection becomes even more challenging as traditional outlier detection techniques can no longer assume that all the data can be stored for processing. While the wellknown Local Outlier Factor (LOF) algorithm has an incremental version (called iLOF), it assumes unbounded memory to keep all previous data points. In this paper, we propose a memory efficient incremental local outlier (MiLOF) detection algorithm for data streams, and a more flexible version (MiLOF F), both have an accuracy close to iLOF but within a fixed memory bound. In addition MiLOF F is robust to changes in the number of data points, underlying clusters and dimensions in the data stream.
Volatility as an Asset Class: The Potential of VIX as a Hedging Tool and the Shortcomings of VIX Exchange - Traded Notes

The Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE) Market Volatility Index, or VIX, was conceived in 1993 by Professor Robert E. Whaley of Duke University to provide a benchmark of expected short-term volatility. According to the CBOE: “VIX measures 30-day expected volatility of the S&P 500 Index. The components of VIX are near - and next - term put and call options, usually in the first and second S&P 500 Index (SPX) contract months. ” As will be demonstrated in this paper, the value of volatility itself lies in the fact that it is negatively correlated to the returns of the equity market and becomes increasingly so as market declines accelerate. As a result, long exposure to volatility could provide increasing levels of portfolio protection exactly when investors are most in need of such protection. Another way to think about this is that because most investors are net long equities, they are implicitly short volatility, and therefore hedging that exposure may be prudent.