Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
We Love Them With All Our Heart: The Lived Experience of Fostering a Child with ADHD Where the Placement Breaks Down

This study used an interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology to understand the lived experience of foster families providing care for children with a diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) where the foster placement broke down. The data was collected through a semi-standardized interview process with foster parents representing five foster families. The essence was found to be a deep and enduring love between the families and their foster children. Four key themes emerged to express the foster families’ lived experience. Behaviours was the first theme representing the ever-present, persistent, overwhelming, and ultimately defeating behaviours participants experienced. The second theme was Anguish representing the intensity of emotion experienced by all participants in the presence of the behaviours. The third theme, Exhaustion and Failure, was a temporal theme representing the way all placements seemed to “fade into breakdown. ” The breakdowns did not occur in response to culminating events but seemed to collapse with a final admission of failure. Finally, the theme Connection represents an enduring bond that existed between the foster children and parents in every family. An average of eight years after the breakdowns occurred, the participants were all having regular, positive, supportive, and typically parental contact with every child. This thesis is informed by an understanding of children’s rights that includes the right of and, it is contended, a legal obligation to ensure the successful care of all children, including children in care, to adequate health care designed to address mental health issues and, in particular, ADHD. The right of children to adequate health care We Love Them With All Our Heart ii includes the right to receive all necessary means to ensure their placement as “wards of the state” enhances their overall well-being and protects their inherent dignity. We Love Them With All Our Heart iii
Near‐infrared imaging polarimetry of dusty young stars

We have carried out JHK polarimetric observations of eleven dusty young stars, by using the polarimeter module IRPOL2 with the near-IR camera UIST on the 3.8-m United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT). Our sample targeted systems for which UKIRT-resolvable discs had been predicted by model fits to their spectral energy distributions. Our observations have confirmed the presence of extended polarized emission around TW Hya and around HD 169142. HD 150193 and HD 142666 show the largest polarization values among our sample, but no extended structure was resolved. By combining our observations with HST coronographic data from the literature, we derive the J- and H-band intrinsic polarization radial dependences of TW Hya’s disc. We find the disc’s polarizing efficiency is higher at H than at J,and we confirm that the J- and H-band percentage polarizations are reasonably constant with radius in the region between 0.9 and 1.3 arcseconds from the star. We find that the objects for which we have detected extended polarizations are those for which previous modelling has suggested the presence of flared discs, which are predicted to be brighter than flat discs and thus would be easier to detect polarimetrically.
Performance-Efficient Service Deployment and Scheduling Methods for Composite Cloud Services

Cloud computing and services have greatly changed the way how people develop and use software, and also raised a lot of new research issues. In this paper, we investigate two such important issues, service deployment and service request scheduling, for composite cloud services in dynamic cloud environments. We present load-aware service deployment approaches for dynamic workload and a service request scheduling method based on task ranking mechanisms. The proposed approaches can effectively improve the execution efficiency of composite cloud services in dynamic cloud environments. A wide range of simulation experiments have been conducted to evaluate the proposed approaches. The experimental results show that our approaches outperform the previous methods in the literature significantly in terms of average service response time.
Reduced Surface Expression of TLR4 by a V254I Point Mutation Accounts for the Low Lipopolysaccharide Responder Phenotype of BALB/c B Cells

LPS is recognized by TLR4 and radioprotective 105 kDa in B cells. Susceptibility to LPS in murine B cells is most closely linked to the locus containing the TLR4 gene. However, the molecular mechanism underlying genetic control of LPS sensitivity by this locus has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we revealed that C57BL/6 (B6) B cells respond to mAb-induced, TLR4-specific signals stronger than BALB/c (BALB) B cells, as assessed by proliferation and upregulation of CD69 and CD86. In contrast, BALB B cells were not hyporesponsive to agonistic anti–radioprotective 105 kDa mAb or the TLR9 agonist CpG. Although the level of TLR4 mRNA in BALB B cells was comparable with that in B6 B cells, surface TLR4 expression in BALB B cells was lower than that in B6 B cells. This lower surface expression of BALB TLR4 was also observed when HEK293 and Ba/F3 cells were transfected with a BALB TLR4 expression construct. We identified a V254I mutation as the responsible single nucleotide polymorphism for lower surface expression of BALB TLR4. Furthermore, cotransfection of myeloid differentiation factor-2 increased BALB TLR4 expression, although it was still lower than B6 TLR4 expression. In concordance with reduced expression, Ba/F3 cells transfected with BALB TLR4 and myeloid differentiation factor-2 were hyporesponsive compared with those with B6 TLR4, as assessed by LPS-induced NF-κB activation. In conclusion, we revealed that LPS sensitivity is genetically controlled by the level of surface TLR4 expression on B cells. A V254I mutation accounts for the LPS hyporesponsive phenotype of BALB B cells.
A Case for Marrying Censorship Measurements with Circumvention

Existing research on Internet censorship primarily focuses on either measurements or circumvention. Considering these two in isolation often leads to designs with limited capabilities: Circumvention is not driven by measurement data and end users find little incentive to help gather such data. We present the preliminary design and implementation of C-Saw, a platform that offers both. The circumvention capability of C-Saw incentivizes consumers to opt-in. As more and more consumers crowdsource, the monitoring data gets richer. This, in turn, offers greater insights into the censorship mechanisms over a wider region, offering even better circumvention capabilities. C-Saw is a browser-based platform set up as a lightweight client-side proxy. C-Saw adapts its circumvention approach to the particular censorship mechanism deployed by a user's ISP, achieving a better balance of circumvention effectiveness and performance. In addition, it can also leverage the heterogeneity in filtering mechanisms across ISPs to achieve better circumvention performance. We demonstrate this using page load times across various ISPs and locations in a censored region. Unlike previous measurement approaches, C-Saw does not require the knowledge of a target URL to be tested. In fact, as URLs get blocked, their information can be monitored in real time.
The Design and Implementation of the Vendition Management System Based On Internet

The Vendition Management System (VMS) is designed basing on WEB and J2EE. The Java programming language, XML, Internet/Intranet and the Unified Modeling Language (UML) are used in the development of the system. The object oriented software project developing model (OOA/OOD/OOP) and the professional project managing method (RUP/XP) are also involved in the project.
Interdisciplinary approaches to understand traumatic stress as a public health problem

ABSTRACT In November 2016 researchers, clinicians, and student experts gathered in Dallas, Texas, USA for the annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS). From the description of the meeting theme forward it was acknowledged that interdisciplinary approaches will be required to fully understand traumatic stress as a public health problem, including epidemiology, biostatistics and health services research. Further, it was recognized that knowledge translation would be of critical importance if we were to increase public awareness of - and destigmatize - posttraumatic biopsychosocial problems, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Moreover, we recognized innovative technologies as potentially usefully applied to public health strategies, including media and internet usage might aid knowledge translation and have a direct impact on help-seeking and trauma-informed care. The present special issue of the journal brings a collection of papers from some of the most impactful and innovative ideas that were presented in Dallas.
Low temperatures induce rapid changes in chromatin state and transcript levels of the cereal VERNALIZATION1 gene

Transcriptional activation of the VERNALIZATION1 gene mediates the acceleration of flowering by prolonged cold (vernalization) in temperate cereals. This study examined the earliest stages of the transcriptional response of VRN1 to low temperatures. Time-course analyses, using a sensitive quantitative PCR assay, showed that in sprouting barley seedlings VRN1 transcripts begin to accumulate within 24 hours of the onset of cold. The kinetics of the initial transcriptional response of VRN1 to cold was similar to the cold-induced genes DEHYDRIN5 (DHN5) and COLD REGULATED 14B (COR14B), but occurred at lower levels compared to cold acclimation genes or the response to longer cold treatments. Temperatures between 15 and –2 °C induced expression of VRN1 within 24 hours, with a maximal response observed between 2 and –2 °C. Transcriptional induction was also observed in undifferentiated callus cells. There were significant increases in histone acetylation levels at the VRN1 locus in response to 24-hour cold treatment. Sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylation inhibitor, triggered an increase in histone acetylation at VRN1 chromatin and elevated VRN1 transcript levels. The transcriptional response of VRN1 to short-term cold treatment was examined in near-isogenic lines that have different VRN1 genotypes, showing that an allele of the barley VRN1 gene with an insertion in the first intron and high basal expression levels has a reduced transcriptional response to short term cold treatment. This study suggests that low-temperature induction of VRN1 is a cellular response to cold triggered by the same mechanisms that mediate low-temperature induction of cold acclimation genes.
KATP Channel Activation Induces Ischemic Preconditioning of the Endothelium in Humans In Vivo

Background—Endothelial dysfunction contributes to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and is reduced by ischemic preconditioning (IPC). IPC may involve activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP). We determined whether modulation of KATP channels occurs in endothelial IPC in humans. Methods and Results—IRI of the forearm was induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff to 200 mm Hg for 20 minutes in healthy volunteers. KATP activation was modulated by intra-arterial glibenclamide (blocker) and diazoxide (opener). Endothelial function (response to intra-arterial acetylcholine) was assessed with forearm plethysmography before and after (1) 15-minute reperfusion, (2) IRI preceded by IPC (3 five-minute periods of ischemia), (3) IRI preceded by IPC with glibenclamide, (4) IPC followed by glibenclamide before IRI, (5) IRI preceded by diazoxide, and (6) IRI preceded by coinfusion of glibenclamide with diazoxide. IRI caused endothelial dysfunction (P=0.002), which IPC prevented (P=0.40). Glibenclamide abolished IPC when given contemporaneously with (P=0.003) or during IRI (P=0.0005). Diazoxide prevented endothelial dysfunction after IRI (P=0.68) but not when coinfused with glibenclamide. Conclusion—Glibenclamide abolishes and diazoxide mimics endothelial IPC in humans. The time course of the effect of glibenclamide suggests involvement of KATP channels as effectors of endothelial IPC in vivo. These data may have implications for understanding the therapeutic role of agents that modulate KATP channel function.
The Arabidopsis NPR1 Disease Resistance Protein Is a Novel Cofactor That Confers Redox Regulation of DNA Binding Activity to the Basic Domain/Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor TGA1 Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.012849.

The Arabidopsis NPR1 protein is essential for regulating salicylic acid–dependent gene expression during systemic acquired resistance. NPR1 interacts differentially with members of the TGA class of basic domain/Leu zipper transcription factors and regulates their DNA binding activity. Here, we report that although TGA1 does not interact with NPR1 in yeast two-hybrid assays, treatment with salicylic acid induces the interaction between these proteins in Arabidopsis leaves. This phenomenon is correlated with a reduction of TGA1 Cys residues. Furthermore, site-directed mutagenesis of TGA1 Cys-260 and Cys-266 enables the interaction with NPR1 in yeast and Arabidopsis. Together, these results indicate that TGA1 relies on the oxidation state of Cys residues to mediate the interaction with NPR1. An intramolecular disulfide bridge in TGA1 precludes interaction with NPR1, and NPR1 can only stimulate the DNA binding activity of the reduced form of TGA1. Unlike its animal and yeast counterparts, the DNA binding activity of TGA1 is not redox regulated; however, this property is conferred by interaction with the NPR1 cofactor.
Phosphorylated Myosin Light Chain 2 (p-MLC2) as a Molecular Marker of Antemortem Coronary Artery Spasm

Background It is not uncommon that only mild coronary artery stenosis is grossly revealed after a system autopsy. While coronary artery spasm (CAS) is the suspected mechanism of these deaths, no specific biomarker has been identified to suggest antemortem CAS. Material/Methods To evaluate the potential of using phosphorylated myosin light chain 2 (p-MLC2) as a diagnostic marker of antemortem CAS, human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were cultured and treated with common vasoconstrictors, including prostaglandins F2α (PGF2α), acetylcholine (ACh), and 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT). The p-MLC2 level was examined in the cultured cells using Western blot analysis and in a rat model of spasm provocation tests using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Effects of increased p-MLC2 level on VSMCs contractile activities were assessed in vitro using confocal immunofluorescence assay. Four fatal cases with known antemortem CAS were collected and subject to p-MLC2 detection. Results The p-MLC2 was significantly increased in VSMCs after treatments with vasoconstrictors and in the spasm provocation tests. Myofilament was well-organized and densely stained in VSMCs with high p-MLC2 level, but disarrayed in VSMCs with low p-MLC2 level. Three of the 4 autopsied cases showed strongly positive staining of p-MLC2 at the stenosed coronary segment and the adjacent interstitial small arteries. The fourth case was autopsied at the 6th day after death and showed negative-to-mild positive staining of p-MLC2. Conclusions p-MLC2 might be a useful marker for diagnosis of antemortem CAS. Autopsy should be performed as soon as possible to collect coronary arteries for detection of p-MLC2.
Learning discriminative CNN features and similarity metrics for image retrieval

This paper proposes a CNN-based retrieval framework that uses Siamese network to learn a CNN model for image feature extraction. Model training and testing stages often use the same similarity metric. But this paper adopts a contrastive loss function with different distance metrics to fine-tune a pre-trained CNN model, and applies different distance metrics in testing stage. Through experimenting with different similarity metrics, this paper finally finds that using the L2 distance to specify the contrastive loss function while applying cosine similarity during testing achieves the best performance. Its mean average precision (mAP) achieves 58.2%, and is 1-2% higher than the previous best method [4]. It shows that the similarity metrics for training and testing need not be same. Subsequently, we learn more generalized similarity metrics for model training and testing independently by minimizing a hinge loss function defined over a pair of global image representations. Compared with the existing image retrieval methods that involve hand-crafted features, our proposed framework performs well on four typical retrieval datasets.
An Analysis of the Effect of Code Ownership on Software Quality across Windows, Eclipse, and Firefox

Ownership is a key aspect of large-scale software development. We examine the relationship between different ownership measures and software faults/failures in three large software projects drawn from different process domains: Windows Vista, the Eclipse Java IDE, and the Firefox Web Browser. We find that in all cases, measures of ownership such as the number of low-expertise developers, and the proportion of ownership for the top owner have a relationship with both pre-release faults and post-release failures. However, we find that the strength of the effects is related to the development process used. Vista shows the strongest relationship with ownership level, followed by Eclipse, and then Firefox, suggesting that the more that a project uses an open source style process, the more that team sizes rather than ownership levels affect to failures. We also find reasons that low-expertise developers make changes to components and show that the removal of low-expertise contributions dramatically decreases the performance of contribution based defect prediction. Finally we provide recommendations for source code change policies and utilization of resources such as code inspections based on our results.
On the multiplicity of zeros of the zeta-function

Several results are obtained concerning multiplicities of zeros of the Riemann zeta-function $\zeta(s)$. They include upper bounds for multiplicities, showing that zeros with large multiplicities have to lie to the left of the line $\sigma = 1$. A zero-density counting function involving multiplicities is also discussed.
XPath Satisfiability with Parent Axes or Qualifiers Is Tractable under Many of Real-World DTDs

This paper aims at finding a subclass of DTDs that covers many of the real-world DTDs while offering a polynomial-time complexity for deciding the XPath satisfiability problem. In our previous work, we proposed RW-DTDs, which cover most of the real-world DTDs (26 out of 27 real-world DTDs and 1406 out of 1407 DTD rules). However, under RW-DTDs, XPath satisfiability with only child, descendant-or-self, and sibling axes is tractable. In this paper, we propose MRW-DTDs, which are slightly smaller than RW-DTDs but have tractability on XPath satisfiability with parent axes or qualifiers. MRW-DTDs are a proper superclass of duplicate-free DTDs proposed by Montazerian et al., and cover 24 out of the 27 real-world DTDs and 1403 out of the 1407 DTD rules. Under MRW-DTDs, we show that XPath satisfiability problems with (1) child, parent, and sibling axes, and (2) child and sibling axes and qualifiers are both tractable, which are known to be intractable under RW-DTDs.
The ability of the Comet assay to discriminate between genotoxins and cytotoxins.

The Comet assay has been used widely in genetic toxicology, radiation biology and medical and environmental research. This assay detects single-strand breaks and alkali-labile sites in DNA and DNA degradation due to necrosis or apoptosis. It may also be modified to detect DNA cross-linking. Although a considerable number of chemicals have been tested in the assay there are many aspects of validation to be considered before the method could be considered to provide definitive evidence of genotoxic potential. For example, very few non-genotoxins have been tested to assess specificity of the Comet assay and there has been only one reported study which investigated whether the in vitro Comet assay is prone to false positive responses due to cytotoxicity. We have investigated the response of the alkaline Comet assay in TK6 human lymphoblastoid cells to cytotoxic damage and genotoxic damage. Several compounds which are toxic by different mechanisms were tested in the assay. Cycloheximide and trypsin gave a negative comet response at a highest dose of 5 mg/ml and no toxicity was observed. Sodium lauryl sulphate and potassium cyanide produced a significant increase in DNA migration at cell survival levels of < or = 75%. The distribution of damaged cells indicated that cells at various stages of necrotic cell death were present. Hydrogen peroxide, 4-nitroquinoline oxide, 9-aminoacridine, ethyl methanesulphonate, N-nitroso-N-ethylurea and glyoxal gave a positive comet response. Mitomycin C was negative at survival levels of approximately 70%. These results indicate that the maximum concentration of test substance tested should produce viabilities > 75% in order to avoid false positive responses due to cytotoxicity. The assay was able to detect DNA damage induced by an alkylating agent, an intercalating agent and oxidative damage. The cross-linking agent mitomycin C was not detected if a cut-off point of 75% viability is used as the criterion of a positive response.
MIMO performance in UTRA FDD uplink

We examine the uplink performance of MIMO systems in UTRA FDD mode using analytical tools and simulations. Results show that the uplink performance of the UTRA FDD mode is significantly improved by SIMO and MIMO techniques. While the performance increase from additional receive antennas in the base station reflects straightforwardly to the results, the diversity gain from additional transmit antennas at the mobile end is small. Thus, multiple transmit antennas should be used for spatial multiplexing instead of diversity.
Improved filter algorithm using inequality fano to select bands for HSI classification

Hyperspectral imagery (HSI) is a remote sensing tool that precisely serves to define the classification of the regions. In fact, the coverage of several images of the ground truth, which provide relevant information, but some of them are influenced by atmospheric noise, and others contain a redundant information. To reduce the dimensionality of Hyperspectral Images, numerous studies using mutual information (MI) also the normalized Mutual information based heuristic to select the appropriate bands for the classification of HSI. Here we expect some methods present a filter strategy based on the measure of (MI), also there is wrapper strategies with error probability, the latter is more efficient than filter strategy, but more expensive. In this paper we will introduce a filter strategy with the error probability measure in order to have more precision in the selections bands with an optimal manner. This method can improve the filter strategy performance. The studies are conducted using HSI AVIRIC92AV3C.