Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Russian version of BRIEF2 Teacher Forms: validation study in typically developing children aged 5 to 7 years old

This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Russian version of the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function®, Second Edition (BRIEF2) Teacher Forms and investigate its dimensional structure. The sample consisted of 178 typically developing children aged 5 to 7 years. Internal reliability analysis indicated high reliability (from 0.87 to 0.95) for the three composite indices and the Global Executive Composite across all age groups. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the dimensional structure of the Russian version of BRIEF2 was different among children aged 5 and 6 years compared to children aged 7 years, which is probably because, in Russia, the transition from kindergarten to school takes place upon reaching the age of 7. The results confirm that the Russian version of the BRIEF2 Teacher Form can be used as a valid tool to assess EF in 5- and 6-year-old children, provided that the three BRIEF2 indices are used for clinical interpretation. For 7-year-old children, the BRIEF2 was found to be an insufficiently valid tool to assess executive function.
Engineered scattering elements used as optical test points in photonic integrated circuits

Efficient packaging of fabricated photonic integrated circuits (PICs) has been a daunting task given the breadth of applications and skill required for scalable manufacturing. One particular challenge has been accurately assessing the polarization state at various points in a PIC during the test, assembly, and packaging process. Polarimetric monitoring is necessary for optimizing fiber alignment, for verifying the quality of PIC components and for polarization-related functional testing. We analyze and demonstrate small-footprint engineered scattering elements for polarization monitoring. We find that small scatterers placed above or below a Si or SiN waveguide provide the best polarization integrity in a way that preserves foundry compatibility. The polarization response of these elements along with proper placement provides an optical test point that can be utilized for optimized fiber coupling into waveguides.
A High-Interoperability Optimal Frequency Control Method for the AGV Dynamic Wireless Charging Systems Without Communication

In this article, a communication-free optimal frequency control method for the dynamic wireless charging system of automated guided vehicle with high interoperability is proposed. By periodically monitoring the primary winding currents, the position of the receiver (Rx) can be located in real-time, and the transmitters which are strongly coupled to the Rx will be activated for power transmission. In order to improve the system efficiency, an optimal frequency control scheme for achieving zero-phase-angle is proposed. A proportional-integral loop is employed to achieve quick elimination of the reactive power in primary side. Experimental results show that the positioning and the optimal frequency tuning can be completed within 10 ms. The out-phase can be controlled within 3.57° in the worst case, and the system transfer efficiency is increased up to 11.1%. Rxs with different shapes are utilized in experiments as case studies, and the same performance is verified. The results prove the system has high interoperability. Without any bidirectional communication and auxiliary position sensor, the system with the proposed control strategy is proven to be reliable and eco-friendly.
Aligning Agent Policy with Principal Interests: Reward Design via Bilevel RL

In reinforcement learning (RL), a reward function is often assumed at the outset of a policy optimization procedure. Learning in such a fixed reward paradigm in RL can neglect important policy optimization considerations, such as state space coverage and safety. Moreover, it can fail to encompass broader impacts in terms of social welfare, sustainability, or market stability, potentially leading to undesirable emergent behavior and potentially misaligned policy. To mathematically encapsulate the problem of aligning RL policy optimization with such externalities, we consider a bilevel optimization problem and connect it to a principal-agent framework, where the principal specifies the broader goals and constraints of the system at the upper level and the agent solves a Markov Decision Process (MDP) at the lower level. The upper-level deals with learning a suitable reward parametrization corresponding to the broader goals and the lower-level deals with learning the policy for the agent. We propose Principal driven Policy Alignment via Bilevel RL (PPA-BRL), which efficiently aligns the policy of the agent with the principal’s goals. We explicitly analyzed the dependence of the principal’s trajectory on the lower-level policy, prove the convergence of PPA-BRL to the stationary point of the problem. We illuminate the merits of this framework in view of alignment with several examples spanning energy-efficient manipulation tasks, social welfare-based tax design, and cost-effective robotic navigation.
Materials Structure & Micromechanics of Fracture V

Description: The main goal of these proceedings was to demonstrate the use of a variety of multi-scale approaches, ranging from the atomistic to the macroscopic level, and in this it succeeds admirably. The MSMF-5 conference has successfully carried on the tradition of the previous conferences. Nearly 180 scientists, from 27 countries in all parts of the world, presented a variety of fundamental relationships between the structural and mechanical characteristics of materials. In collaboration with the International Advisory Board, the organizers have further asked Prof. to prepare plenary keynote lectures. Other top scientists were invited to provide keynotes for each section. The papers, ordered approximately according to the sequence, atomistic-mesoscopic-macroscopic, are presented in this fascinating volume.
A Study on the Transaction Price of Second-hand Sailboats Based on the Random Forest Regression Model

: The second-hand sailboat market is booming but the prices are uncertain, which poses a significant challenge for sellers to determine the optimal selling price. To address this issue, this study employed three regression models, namely Random Forest Regression Model, Decision Tree Regression Model, and Supporting Vector Machine Regression Model, to explore the main factors affecting the pricing of second-hand sailboats, and predict the prices of second-hand sailboats. The result shows that the length of the second-hand sailboats impacts the most and the Random Forest Regression Model has the highest accuracy in predicting the transaction prices of second-hand sailboats. This prediction method can help sellers better price their boats and promote the development of the second-hand sailboat market.
Management advice for patients with reflux-like symptoms: an evidence-based consensus

Patients with reflux-like symptoms (heartburn and regurgitation) are often not well advised on implementing individualised strategies to help control their symptoms using dietary changes, lifestyle modifications, behavioural changes or fast-acting rescue therapies. One reason for this may be the lack of emphasis in management guidelines owing to ‘low-quality’ evidence and a paucity of interventional studies. Thus, a panel of 11 gastroenterologists and primary care doctors used the Delphi method to develop consolidated advice for patients based on expert consensus. A steering committee selected topics for literature searches using the PubMed database, and a modified Delphi process including two online meetings and two rounds of voting was conducted to generate consensus statements based on prespecified criteria (67% voting ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree with minor reservation’). After expert discussion and two rounds of voting, 21 consensus statements were generated, and assigned strength of evidence and Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) rating. Eleven statements achieved the strongest (100%) agreement: five are related to diet and include identification and avoidance of dietary triggers, limiting alcohol, coffee and carbonated beverages, and advising patients troubled by postprandial symptoms not to overeat; the remaining six statements concern advice around smoking cessation, weight loss, raising the head-of-the-bed, avoiding recumbency after meals, stress reduction and alginate use. The aim of developing the consensus statements is that they may serve as a foundation for tools and advice that can routinely help patients with reflux-like symptoms better understand the causes of their symptoms and manage their individual risk factors and triggers.
Evaluation of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced and Oxygen-Enhanced Functional Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by obstruction of airways and emphysematous lung tissue damage, with associated hypoxic vasoconstriction in the affected lung parenchyma. In our study, we evaluate the role of oxygen-enhanced (OE) MRI and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI in COPD patients for assessment of ventilation and perfusion defects and compared their severity with clinical severity. A total of 60 patients with COPD (diagnosed based on clinical and spirometry findings) and 2 controls with normal spirometry and no history of COPD were enrolled. All patients underwent MRI within 1 month of spirometry. OE-MRI was performed by administering oxygen at 12 L/min for 4 min to look for ventilation defects. DCE-MRI was performed by injecting intravenous gadolinium contrast, and perfusion abnormalities were detected by subtracting the non-enhanced areas from the first pass perfusion contrast images. A total of 87% of the subjects demonstrated ventilation and perfusion abnormalities on MRI independently. The lobe-wise distribution of ventilation and perfusion abnormalities correlated well with each other and was statistically significant in all lobes (p < 0.05). The severity of ventilation-perfusion defects also correlated well with clinical severity, as their median value (calculated using a Likert rating scale) was significantly lower in patients in the Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) I/II group (3.25) compared to the GOLD III/IV group (7.25). OE- and DCE-MRI provide functional information about ventilation-perfusion defects and their regional distribution, which correlates well with clinical severity in patients with COPD.
36. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SEDIMENTS BENEATH POLAR FRONT UPWELLING REGIONS IN THE SUBANTARCTIC SOUTH ATLANTIC (HOLE 704A)1

The physical properties of sediments beneath an upwelling area in the southern part of the Atlantic Ocean (ODP Hole 704A) were investigated. Highly significant correlations characterize the relationship of carbonate content to bulk density (R = 0.85), carbonate content to porosity (R = 0.84), and carbonate content to impedance (R = 0.84). No relationship exists between carbonate content and compressional-wave velocity (R = 0.24), indicating that amplitude variations in impedance are primarily controlled by variations in bulk density, which, in turn, are controlled by climatically driven biogenic opal and carbonate deposition. In general, maxima in impedance correspond to maxima in carbonate content (minima in opal content). The impedance record exhibits its most drastic change at about 2.4 Ma, marking dramatic increases in the average content of biogenic opal and the beginning of large-amplitude fluctuations. Between 0.7 and 0.4 Ma carbonate content, bulk density, and grain density decrease while opal content drastically increases. Similar changes have been observed in sediments beneath an upwelling cell off northwest Africa, indicating an oceanwide enhancement in upwelling or in the calcite corrosiveness of bottom water that appears to be isochronous.
Design of Computer Vision-based On-line Biomonitoring and Early Warning System for Sudden Pollution in Water

A computer vision-based system which can automatically monitor the behavioral response of fish shoal was introduced. Behavioral indexes such as average swimming velocity,average swimming attitude,average distances and average turning frequency were extracted from captured images series. The result of the sudden pollution experiment showed that the behavioral response of fish to water quality could serve as an early warning to water pollution. The system could be applied for real time monitoring and early warning of accidental pollution in water bodies in some key areas.
Integrated Science E-Module assisted by the Flip PDF Professional Application to Integrate Character Education Values in Science Learning for Junior High Schools

The current impact of globalization has made Indonesian people forget about character education. The National Education System declared that national education has the function of developing abilities and forming dignified national character and civilization in the framework of educating the nation. In this regard, rapid technological changes have brought the popularity of computer-based learning as an effort to develop specific knowledge and skills in the educational environment. In order to establish the cited functions, education provides teaching materials that can be accessed independently by students. This study aims to develop an Integrated Science E-Module to integrate the values of character education at Junior High Schools. In this study, the Integrated Science E-Module prototype was designed using the Plomp model. Moreover, a validated functional prototype was also carried out. Based on results of the analysis, the data demonstrated that the Integrated Science E-Module is successful in integrating the values of character education in student learning and the results of the product developed have assisted them to have character values such as religious, responsible, curious, have mutual cooperation, communicative, and care for the environment.Keywords: integrated science e-module, flip pdf professional, values of character education
Oligo-Miocene exhumation of the Beni-Bousera peridotite through a lithosphere-scale extensional shear zone

New structural data and P–T estimates of syn-deformational assemblages within the Beni Bousera peridotites and their crustal envelope are used to explain their Alpine exhumation. The Beni Bousera peridotites occur as thin sheets within high grade crustal units of the lower Sebtides (inner Rif, Morocco) and are composed of weakly deformed spinel lherzolite in the core of the massif and garnet-spinel mylonite at the rim. The main foliation trajectories in both the peridotites and overlying crustal units show systematic rotation towards their mutual contact, indicating a kilometer-scale top to the NW shearing with a dextral component along this crust/mantle contact. Widespread top to the NW shear criteria within the crustal units overlying the peridotite support this feature. Available ages constrain the development of the main foliation in both the peridotites and crustal rocks between 25 and 20 Ma. New P–T data from the peridotites show that deformation occurs during decompression from ≈ 22 kbar, 1050°C to ≈ 9-15 kbar, 800°C. As a consequence, exhumation of the Beni Bousera peridotites takes place during the Oligo-Miocene lithosphere thinning in the footwall of a lithospheric extensional shear zone. The exceptional preservation of garnet within the mylonitic peridotites results from rapid cooling of the border of the massif due to the juxtaposition with colder crustal rocks along this shear zone. Uplifting of the hot mantle rocks simultaneously induces high temperature metamorphism in the overlying crustal units. These new findings allow us to reconstruct the deformation history of the Beni Bousera region and the Alboran domain in the framework of the western Mediterranean geodynamics during the last 40 Myrs.
Brief research report: autistic traits modulate the rapid detection of punishment-associated neutral faces

Speedy detection of faces with emotional value plays a fundamental role in social interactions. A few previous studies using a visual search paradigm have reported that individuals with high autistic traits (ATs), who are characterized by deficits in social interactions, demonstrated decreased detection performance for emotional facial expressions. However, whether ATs modulate the rapid detection of faces with emotional value remains inconclusive because emotional facial expressions involve salient visual features (i.e., a U-shaped mouth in a happy expression) that can facilitate visual attention. In order to disentangle the effects of visual factors from the rapid detection of emotional faces, we examined the rapid detection of neutral faces associated with emotional value among young adults with varying degrees of ATs in a visual search task. In the experiment, participants performed a learning task wherein neutral faces were paired with monetary reward, monetary punishment, or no monetary outcome, such that the neutral faces acquired positive, negative, or no emotional value, respectively. During the subsequent visual search task, previously learned neutral faces were presented as discrepant faces among newly presented neutral distractor faces, and the participants were asked to detect the discrepant faces. The results demonstrated a significant negative association between the degrees of ATs and an advantage in detecting punishment-associated neutral faces. This indicates the decreased detection of faces with negative value in individuals with higher ATs, which may contribute to their difficulty in making prompt responses in social situations.
Archiving Disaster: A Comparative Study of September 11, 2001 and Hurricane Katrina

The first decade of the 21st Century in the United States witnessed two major events that have come to be understood as national disasters: September 11, 2001 and Hurricane Katrina. Numerous historical institutions quickly mobilized to collect material relating to the two events, prompting the creation of what is now referred to as disaster archives. Such disaster archives turn a number of key tenets in the archival field on their head as they (1) immediately collect material instead of allowing substantial time to pass, (2) collect material that is in a destroyed state rather than in pristine condition, and (3) digitally collect thousands of anonymous online public responses to the two events instead of relying on experts and/or legitimate and verifiable sources. These new collection methods reveal the mechanisms of power involved in the construction of notions of race, sexuality, class, and national belonging through archival production.This dissertation analyzes the birth and implementation of these new disaster archives by tracking the development of the first two instances of disaster archiving in the United States at the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History's September 11th and Hurricane Katrina Collections, together with their partnered digital archives: the September 11 Digital Archive and the Hurricane Digital Memory Bank. Through the investigation of each archive's acquisition files, which document the merits of collecting each acquired item, coupled with interviews with key archival staff, this dissertation creates an innovative methodology - an ethnography of archives - that analyzes the complex structures of power involved in the process of archival creation. This analysis demonstrates the ways in which racialized thinking subtly, yet powerfully informs the collection process of these disaster archives, resulting in two very different renderings of national belonging. Principles of whiteness are employed to render the September 11th victims heroic citizens, whose deaths deserve national mourning, whereas notions of Blackness, poverty, disposability, and criminality are activated to disassociate the victims of Hurricane Katrina from US national identity, granting them only distant sympathy. Such results have powerful consequences as these archives become the source of the past for future generations.
The Adoption of Blockchain Technology in Higher Education: The Impact of Leadership Readiness

The emergence of blockchain technology has captured considerable interest across various industries due to its ability to revolutionize traditional systems by ensuring enhanced security, transparency, traceability and efficiency. More recently, the higher education sector has begun exploring the adoption of blockchain technology, acknowledging its potential to transform multiple facets of the educational landscape, including academic administration, the learning and teaching process, and academic research. The primary goal of this study is to ascertain the factors that influence individuals' behavioral intention to adopt and use blockchain-based educational platforms. Moreover, the research aims to underscore the pivotal role played by educational leadership in advancing the adoption of blockchain technology within higher education institutions. Blockchain technology is recognized as a cutting-edge solution that has the potential to streamline processes, reduce costs, and foster trust within the educational ecosystem. A novel conceptual model based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was developed and tested for the purpose of this study. Data was gathered from 175 respondents across eight European countries through a structural questionnaire. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to examine the hypotheses of the model. The study unveils perceived trust as the primary determinant influencing the behavioral intention to use blockchain-based educational solutions, underscoring its pivotal role in embracing innovative technologies by instilling confidence and reducing uncertainty among users. Furthermore, educational partner readiness, performance expectancy, and effort expectancy also have a positive impact on the usage intention. Additionally, the results also highlight the significance of leadership blockchain readiness in shaping the actual usage behavior. The findings offer valuable insights into the adoption of blockchain technology in higher education. Also, the study extends previous research by utilizing an extended UTAUT framework, and it contributes to the emerging literature on blockchain implementation and technology acceptance models
Methods for inversion of body-wave waveforms for localized three-dimensional seismic structure and an application to D′′ structure beneath Central America

We formulate the inverse problem of waveform inversion for localized 3-D seismic structure, computing partial derivatives of waveforms with respect to the elastic moduli at arbitrary points in space for anisotropic and anelastic media. In this study we minimize computational requirements by using the Born approximation with respect to a laterally homogeneous model, but this is not an inherent limitation of our approach. We solve the inverse problem using the conjugate gradient (CG) method, using Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) to truncate the CG expansion. We apply our method to invert for three-dimensional shear wave structure in the lowermost mantle beneath Central America using a total of 2154 waveforms at periods from 12.5 to 200 s recorded at stations near the Pacific coast of North America for 29 deep and intermediate-depth events beneath South America. The resulting model shows lateral heterogeneity in the E-W direction which may be associated with a subducted cold slab surrounded by hotter materials with slower velocities. Various tests show that our model is robust.