Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule-Secreting Transgenic Mice Display Abnormalities in GABAergic Interneurons and Alterations in Behavior

The extracellular region of the transmembrane neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM-EC) is shed as a soluble fragment at elevated levels in the schizophrenic brain. A novel transgenic mouse line was generated to identify consequences on cortical development and function of expressing soluble NCAM-EC from the neuron-specific enolase promoter in the developing and mature neocortex and hippocampus. NCAM-EC transgenic mice exhibited a striking reduction in synaptic puncta of GABAergic interneurons in the cingulate, frontal association cortex, and amygdala but not hippocampus, as shown by decreased immunolabeling of glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65), GAD67, and GABA transporter 1. Interneuron cell density was unaltered in the transgenic mice. Affected subpopulations of interneurons included basket interneurons evident in NCAM-EC transgenic mice intercrossed with a reporter line expressing green fluorescent protein and by parvalbumin staining. In addition, there appeared to be a reduction in excitatory synapses, as revealed by synaptophysin staining and apical dendritic spine density of cortical pyramidal cells. Behavioral analyses demonstrated higher basal locomotor activity of NCAM-EC mice and enhanced responses to amphetamine and (+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate compared with wild-type controls. Transgenic mice were deficient in prepulse inhibition, which was restored by clozapine but not by haloperidol. Additionally, NCAM-EC mice were impaired in contextual and cued fear conditioning. These results suggested that elevated shedding of NCAM perturbs synaptic connectivity of GABAergic interneurons and produces abnormal behaviors that may be relevant to schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
Data outsourcing: A threat to confidentiality, integrity, and availability

Today, every computing node is generating large amounts of data that cannot be stored on these resource constrained devices, so cloud computing provides an ample opportunity to use their storage facility. However, outsourcing personal data to third party storage facility inversely brings security and privacy concerns that make user to reluctance to use cloud computing facility. In this research paper we have made an attempt to provide end to end security of client data. The paper has designed a cloud storage framework that provides secure data outsourcing and retrieval of client data to ensure the integrity of data. Data outsourcing has threat to privacy at two point data in-transit and at rest. To provide assurance of data privacy encrypts the data before outsource using SSL. Further, the Predicate Based Encryption scheme has used to encrypt the client data at rest. The method focuses on multiple data owner scenario, and divides the users' data depending upon user, severity rating (SR) such as low, and medium and high severity level. The experimental analysis has proven the combined approach provide a high degree of privacy preference of client data.
Human Nature Review

In Healing the Soul in the Age of the Brain, Elio Frattaroli presents an extended argument against the medical model of treatment for mental disorders and especially focuses on the limitations of psychotropic medications. His theoretical perspective is deeply rooted in psychoanalysis and he argues for a psychothera-peutic model of treatment. Many of his criticisms of mainstream psychiatry will be familiar to those aware of the history of psychiatry of the last fifty years. Furthermore , the well-known concerns about the evidential basis of psychoanalysis are directly applicable to the claims of Frattaroli. The battle-lines in those arguments are extremely well-entrenched, and have been defended more eloquently and concisely by other writers. (Those wanting to investigate the literature might do well to start with the recent publication, The Freud Encyclopedia, which provides many perspectives on the value of psychoanalysis.) The central question for potential readers of this book is whether Frattaroli has anything new to add to the debate. He does have some interesting ideas which he argues for at great length, but his argument is riddled with implausible and unsupported claims as well as incorrect interpretations of philosophers and scientists. The book is written in a popular style, with many lapses into discussion of Frattaroli's personal and professional experiences, long discussion of some particular cases, and finishes with a detailed account of the process of writing and revising the text of the book itself, including his email exchanges with his editors. Frattaroli was a student of Bruno Bettelheim, to whom he refers as "Dr. B. " The particular brand of psychoanalysis that Frattaroli defends derives from Bettelheim's teachings. Frattaroli puts great emphasis on the idea that "the end is always the beginning," with which he suggests that the taking a psychological rather than a medical approach to a patient is more open-ended and open-minded. Bettelheim recommended taking an "I-Thou" attitude toward a patient rather than a dehumanizing "I-It" attitude. Frattaroli also explains that "falling down is
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Activity Regulates c-FLIP Expression in Tumor Cells*

The caspase-8 homologue FLICE-inhibitory protein (FLIP) functions as a caspase-8 dominant negative, blocking apoptosis induced by the oligomerization of the adapter protein FADD/MORT-1. FLIP expression correlates with resistance to apoptosis induced by various members of the tumor necrosis factor family such as TRAIL. Furthermore, forced expression of FLIP renders cells resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Although FLIP expression is regulated primarily by MEK1 activity in activated T cells, the oncogenic signaling pathways that regulate FLIP expression in tumor cells are largely unknown. In this report, we examined the roles of the MAP kinase and phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase signaling pathways in the regulation of FLIP expression in tumor cells. We observed that the MEK1 inhibitor PD98059 reduced FLIP levels in only 2 of 11 tumor cell lines tested. In contrast, disruption of the PI 3-kinase pathway with the specific inhibitor LY294002 reduced Akt (protein kinase B) phosphorylation and the levels of FLIP protein and mRNA in all cell lines evaluated. The introduction of a dominant negative Akt adenoviral construct also consistently reduced FLIP expression as well as the phosphorylation of the Akt target glycogen synthase kinase-3. In addition, infection of the same cell lines with a constitutively active Akt adenovirus increased FLIP expression and the phosphorylation of GSK-3. These data add FLIP to the growing list of apoptosis inhibitors in which expression or function is regulated by the PI 3-kinase-Akt pathway.
Opportunistic Beamforming with Wireless Powered 1-bit Feedback Through Rectenna Array

This letter deals with the opportunistic beamforming (OBF) scheme for multi-antenna downlink with spatial randomness. In contrast to conventional OBF, the terminals return only 1-bit feedback, which is powered by wireless power transfer through a rectenna array. We study two fundamental topologies for the combination of the rectenna elements; the direct-current combiner and the radio-frequency combiner. The beam outage probability is derived in closed form for both combination schemes, by using high order statistics and stochastic geometry.
Pornography Web Pages Classification with Textual Content Analysis Using Entropy Term Weighting Scheme for Small Class Dataset

The fast growth of internet make objectionable web content such as pornography and violence easily explore to web users especially children and teenagers. Due to some popular web filtering techniques like Uniform Resource Locator blocking and Platform for Internet Content Selection checking are limited against today dynamic web content, hence content based analysis techniques with effective model are highly desired. This paper we propose textual content analysis model using entropy term weighting scheme to classify pornography and sex education web pages. We examine the entropy scheme with two other common term weighting schemes which are TFIDF and Glasgow. Those techniques are examined extensively with artificial neural network using small class dataset. We found that our proposed model archive better performance from the aspects of accuracy, convergence speed and stability.
envyLight: an interface for editing natural illumination

Scenes lit with high dynamic range environment maps of real-world environments exhibit all the complex nuances of natural illumination. For applications that need lighting adjustments to the rendered images, editing environment maps directly is still cumbersome. First, designers have to determine which region in the environment map is responsible for the specific lighting feature (e.g. diffuse gradients, highlights and shadows) they desire to edit. Second, determining the parameters of image-editing operations needed to achieve specific changes to the selected lighting feature requires extensive trial-and-error. This paper presents envyLight, an interactive interface for editing natural illumination that combines an algorithm to select environment map regions, by sketching strokes on lighting features in the rendered image, with a small set of editing operations to quickly adjust the selected feature. The envyLight selection algorithm works well for indoor and outdoor lighting corresponding to rendered images where lighting features vary widely in number, size, contrast and edge blur. Furthermore, envyLight selection is general with respect to material type, from matte to sharp glossy, and the complexity of scenes' shapes. envyLight editing operations allow designers to quickly alter the position, contrast and edge blur of the selected lighting feature and can be keyframed to support animation.
Reporting on methods in clinical trials.

Abstract A clinical trial cannot be adequately interpreted without information about the methods used in the design of the study and the analysis of the results. To determine the frequency of reporting what we consider 11 important aspects of design and analysis, we surveyed all 67 clinical trials published in the New England Journal of Medicine, the Lancet, and the British Medical Journal from July through December 1979 and in the Journal of the American Medical Association from July 1979 through June 1980. Of all 11 items in the 67 trials published in all four journals, 56 per cent were clearly reported, 10 per cent were ambiguously mentioned, and 34 per cent were not reported at all. At least 80 per cent of the 67 trials reported information about statistical analyses, statistical methods used, and random allocation of subjects, yet only 19 per cent reported the method of randomization. Loss to follow-up was discussed in 79 per cent of the articles, treatment complications in 64 per cent, and admission.
Perceived Racial Discrimination and Adoption of Health Behaviors in Hypertensive Black Americans: The CAATCH Trial

Background. Few studies examine psychosocial factors influencing the adoption of healthy behaviors among hypertensive patients. The effect of discrimination on health behaviors remains untested. Purpose. To examine the influence of discrimination on adoption of healthy behaviors among low-income Black hypertensive patients. Methods. Black patients (N = 930) in community-based primary care practices enrolled in the CAATCH trial. Mixed effects regressions examined associations between perceived discrimination and change in medication adherence, diet, and physical activity from baseline to 12 months, controlling for intervention, gender, age, income, and education. Results. Patients were low-income, high-school-educated, with a mean age of 57 years. Greater discrimination was associated with worse diet and lower medication adherence at baseline. Discrimination was associated with greater improvement in healthy eating behaviors over the course of the 12-month trial. Conclusions. Prior exposure to discrimination was associated with unhealthy behaviors at baseline, but did not negatively influence the adoption of health behaviors over time.
Optical Crosspoint Matrix Using Broadband Resonant Switches

A low loss, broadband crosspoint switch matrix using high-order resonant optical switch elements is designed, and fabricated for the first time. Multi-path routing is demonstrated for a broad range of representative paths across the circuit. Connections are assessed between eight inputs and four outputs to show losses as low as 0.9 dB per off state ring and 2.0 dB per on state ring. Analysis of the on-state and off-state transfer functions reveal switch extinction ratios exceeding 20 dB for operational bandwidths of 100 GHz for twenty-five different path combinations. Switching is implemented with thermo-optic tuning to give 100-GHz passbands and stopbands. Thermo-optic actuation with a 2-D array of on-chip microheaters allows rise and fall switching times of 17 and 4 microseconds respectively. Power penalties of less than 1.0 dB at 10 Gb/s are observed for twenty eight paths and comparable performance is observed for 40 Gb/s routing on representative paths through the switch matrix without significant signal degradation.
Optimizing communication for a 2D-partitioned scalable BFS

Recent research projects have investigated partitioning, acceleration, and data reduction techniques for improving the performance of Breadth First Search (BFS) and the related HPC benchmark, Graph500. However, few implementations have focused on cloud-based systems like Amazon's Web Services, which differ from HPC systems in several ways, most importantly in terms of network interconnect. This work looks at optimizations to reduce the communication overhead of an accelerated, distributed BFS on an HPC system and a smaller cloud-like system that contains GPUs. We demonstrate the effects of an efficient 2D partitioning scheme and allreduce implementation, as well as different CPU-based compression schemes for reducing the overall amount of data shared between nodes. Timing and Score-P profiling results demonstrate a dramatic reduction in row and column frontier queue data (up to 91%) and show how compression can improve performance for a bandwidth-limited cluster.
Bayesian-Nash games ∗

A finite group of players (economic agents), denoted by N = {1, . , n}, interact. Any interaction can be represented as a simultaneous non-cooperative choice of individual plans of action.1 A set of possible decisions or choices (a set of all possible contingent plans of action) is a set of strategies. Denote Si to be a set of strategies available to player i (si ∈ Si is a generic element); s = (s1, . . . , sn) = {si}i∈N is a profile of strategies of all the players, s ∈ S = ×i∈N Si; s−i = sr {si}, S−i = S \ Si, s = (si, s−i). A set of alternatives (allocations), A, is a set of all possible outcomes. A mechanism is a rule that for any collection of strategies selects a probability distribution over the set of alternatives A, M : S ∆(A). → Example 1: Voting. A set of alternatives A is a set of possible candidates to be chosen from. Players are individuals with a right to vote. Sets of strategies are determined by a voting procedure. In a simple ballot voting, for example, each player submits a ballot for some candidate, so Si = A. In a multistage voting, like a procedure to select a city to hold Olympics, a strategy has to name a city in the first round of voting, a city in the second round of voting conditional on results of the first round, and so on, for each round conditional on previous results. A voting mechanism specifies how the winner is selected. For instance, in a simple majority voting, bar ties, M(s) = argmaxa∈A #i∈N {si = a}. Example 2: Auctions. A set of alternatives A is a set of all possible allocations of goods for sale and transfers involved. For example, with one object for sale and only the winner paying, a set of alternatives is A = N × R+, a pair (w,m) ∈ A says that player w ∈ N is the winner and has to pay m. A set of strategies depends on an auction format. In sealed-bid auctions, a strategy is a bid, Si = R+. In open or dynamic auctions, like an English (a usual ascending price) auction, a strategy has to specify how to act (bid) for any possible scenario that can occur in the auction. The winner is determined according to the rules of the specific format. In the first-price sealed-bid auction the winner is the highest bidder and has to pay own bid. Thus, bar ties, w = argmaxi∈N si and m = sw. In the second-price sealed-bid auction the winner is also the highest bidder but pays the highest bid among the rest of the participants, m = maxj=w sj . 6 Example 3: Public good provision (discrete setting). There is a public project that can be built if sufficient funds are collected from citizens (to cover a cost c ∈ R+). Thus, an allocation (b,m1, . . .mn) ∈ ∗To appear as part of “Secure direct implementation” by Sergei Izmalkov, Matt Lepinsky, and Silvio Micali. 1 This is called a normal or strategic form representation. For a detailed coverage of game theory and of incomplete information games in particular the reader is referred to two excellent textbooks on the subject, Fudenberg and Tirole (1991) and Osborne and Rubinstein (1997).
The Evolution of Spacing Effects in Autonomous Agents

This paper discusses research into whether the memories of adaptive autonomous agents can be made to spontaneously evolve spacing effects. Experiments involving human memory have shown that learning trials massed closely in time elicit slower learning than the equivalent number trials spaced apart in time. These "spacing effects" have been observed across a wide array of conditions. The experimental results detailed here show that such effects can be made to evolve spontaneously in autonomous agents. The results also suggest that the greater learning difficulty humans experience from closely spaced trials may not be the result of a defect of biology, but rather may be a consequence of a need to give only the appropriate weight to each learning experience.
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Using the Experimental Designs of Recombinant Inbred Populations

In the data collection of the QTL experiments using recombinant inbred (RI) populations, when individuals are genotyped for markers in a population, the trait values (phenotypes) can be obtained from the genotyped individuals (from the same population) or from some progeny of the genotyped individuals (from the different populations). Let Fu be the genotyped population and Fv (v ≥ u) be the phenotyped population. The experimental designs that both marker genotypes and phenotypes are recorded on the same populations can be denoted as (Fu/Fv, u = v) designs and that genotypes and phenotypes are obtained from the different populations can be denoted as (Fu/Fv, v > u) designs. Although most of the QTL mapping experiments have been conducted on the backcross and F2(F2/F2) designs, the other (Fu/Fv, v ≥ u) designs are also very popular. The great benefits of using the other (Fu/Fv, v ≥ u) designs in QTL mapping include reducing cost and environmental variance by phenotyping several progeny for the genotyped individuals and taking advantages of the changes in population structures of other RI populations. Current QTL mapping methods including those for the (Fu/Fv, u = v) designs, mostly for the backcross or F2/F2 design, and for the F2/F3 design based on a one-QTL model are inadequate for the investigation of the mapping properties in the (Fu/Fv, u ≤ v) designs, and they can be problematic due to ignoring their differences in population structures. In this article, a statistical method considering the differences in population structures between different RI populations is proposed on the basis of a multiple-QTL model to map for QTL in different (Fu/Fv, v ≥ u) designs. In addition, the QTL mapping properties of the proposed and approximate methods in different designs are discussed. Simulations were performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed and approximate methods. The proposed method is proven to be able to correct the problems of the approximate and current methods for improving the resolution of genetic architecture of quantitative traits and can serve as an effective tool to explore the QTL mapping study in the system of RI populations.
Rapid and Deep Human Proteome Analysis by Single-dimension Shotgun Proteomics*

Multiparameter optimization of an LC-MS/MS shotgun proteomics experiment was performed without any hardware or software modification of the commercial instrument. Under the optimized experimental conditions, with a 50-cm-long separation column and a 4-h LC-MS run (including a 3-h optimized gradient), 4,825 protein groups and 37,550 peptides were identified in a single run and 5,354 protein groups and 56,390 peptides in a triplicate analysis of the A375 human cell line, for approximately 50% coverage of the expressed proteome. The major steps enabling such performance included optimization of the cell lysis and protein extraction, digestion of even insoluble cell debris, tailoring the LC gradient profile, and choosing the optimal dynamic exclusion window in data-dependent MS/MS, as well as the optimal m/z scan window.
The Mechanism of Isotonic Water Transport

The mechanism by which active solute transport causes water transport in isotonic proportions across epithelial membranes has been investigated. The principle of the experiments was to measure the osmolarity of the transported fluid when the osmolarity of the bathing solution was varied over an eightfold range by varying the NaCl concentration or by adding impermeant non-electrolytes. An in vitro preparation of rabbit gall bladder was suspended in moist oxygen without an outer bathing solution, and the pure transported fluid was collected as it dripped off the serosal surface. Under all conditions the transported fluid was found to approximate an NaCl solution isotonic to whatever bathing solution used. This finding means that the mechanism of isotonic water transport in the gall bladder is neither the double membrane effect nor co-diffusion but rather local osmosis. In other words, active NaCl transport maintains a locally high concentration of solute in some restricted space in the vicinity of the cell membrane, and water follows NaCl in response to this local osmotic gradient. An equation has been derived enabling one to calculate whether the passive water permeability of an organ is high enough to account for complete osmotic equilibration of actively transported solute. By application of this equation, water transport associated with active NaCl transport in the gall bladder cannot go through the channels for water flow under passive conditions, since these channels are grossly too impermeable. Furthermore, solute-linked water transport fails to produce the streaming potentials expected for water flow through these passive channels. Hence solute-linked water transport does not occur in the passive channels but instead involves special structures in the cell membrane, which remain to be identified.
Novel wideband circular patch antenna

In order to overcome the narrow bandwidth of the ordinary patch antennas, a novel configuration of patch antenna which can widen the bandwidth of patch antenna significantly is discussed in this paper. In terms of the analytical results based on the equivalent circuit method and the HFSS software, a rule derived from the simulation results that can contribute to design patch antennas is presented. The simulation results show good agreement with the analytic results via equivalent circuit method. Finally, the structure parameters are optimized out, and the presented novel patch antenna reaches to a bandwidth of 44.67% under the optimum condition.