Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Network Approach to Strategic Management – Exploration to the Emerging Perspective

The traditional strategic management theories have strong emphasis on accumulating and controlling resources within a single firm. However, the shift towards increasingly networked business environments raises a question whether these theories can still be considered as valid. Most organizations have limitations in terms of resources they can possess internally and hence need to develop a range of external linkages to gain access to needed resources. In this paper, existing strategic management perspectives are analysed from the point of view of how they have integrated the idea of interorganizational networks into strategy theorizing. The analysis reveals that only few researchers, mainly from two research areas – the industrial network theory (IMP) and strategic network research – have touched the issue. Moreover, combining the idea of networks and strategic management is still an emerging and rather amorphous perspective. The authors argue that the strategic management field would definitely benefit from cross-fertilisation of ideas and thus propose a synthesis towards a network approach to strategic management, together with implications for further research. 1 This study is part of the LIIKE Research Program “Finnish Companies and the Challenges of Globalization” funded by the Academy of Finland and the National Technology Agency TEKES. Research funding from Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation is also gratefully acknowledged. 2 Please address the correspondence by mail to Joni Tikkanen, Sonera Corporation, P.O. Box 543, FIN-00051 SONERA, Finland, or by email to joni.tikkanen@sonera.com and aino.halinen-kaila@tukkk.fi.
Text-learning and related intelligent agentsDunja

Analysis of text data using intelligent information retrieval, machine learning, natural language processing or other related methods is becoming an important issue for the development of intelligent agents. There are two frequently used approaches to the development of intelligent agents using machine learning techniques: a content-based and a collaborative approach. In the rst approach, the content (eg., text) plays an important role, while in the second approach, the existence of several knowledge sources (eg., several users) is required. We can say that the usage of machine learning techniques on text databases (usually referred to as text-learning) is an important part of the content-based approach. Examples are agents for locating information on World Wide Web and Usenet news ltering agents. There are diierent research questions important for the development of text-learning intelligent agents. We focus on three of them: what representation is used for documents, how is the high number of features dealt with and which learning algorithm is used. These questions are addressed in an overview of the existing approaches to text classiication. For illustration we give a brief description of the content-based personal intelligent agent named Personal WebWatcher that uses text-learning for user customized Web browsing.
Semiparametric Estimation Of Generalized Accelerated Failure Time Models With Grouped Data

This paper proposes simple semiparametric estimation methods for generalized accelerated failure time (GAFT) models (Ridder 1990) where durations are observed in grouped intervals. The approach, which relies upon the speciication of conditional survivor functions, estimates both the GAFT transformation function and error distribution without functional form restrictions. Both nonparametric point mixture (Heckman and Singer 1984b) and series expansion estimators of the error distribution (Davidian and Gallant 1993) are considered. By working with the conditional survivor function rather than the survivor function or density, I am able to: (1) derive a useful correspondence between GAFT models and more familiar panel binary response models; and (2) simplify greatly the computational burden associated with semiparametric estimators for grouped duration data. An empirical example is provided to demonstrate that the approach is practical in typical applied situations. ]. Portions of this work are an outgrowth of a lecture given by the author at the 1993 UC Berkeley Symposium on semi and nonparametric econometrics. I thank the organizers of the Symposium, Paul Ruud and Dan McFadden, for their hospitality.
Combining Static and Dynamic Modelling Methods: A Comparison of Four Methods

A conceptual model of a system is an explicit description of the behaviour required of the system. Methods for conceptual modelling include entity-relationship (ER) modelling, data flow modelling, Jackson System Development (JSD) and several object-oriented analysis method. Given the current diversity of modelling methods, it is important for teaching as well as using these methods to know what the relationships between them is and to be able to indicate what the (im)possibilities of integrating different methods are. This paper compares three classical modelling methods (ER, data flow, JSD) on their possibilities for integration and combination. It is shown that there is a common core of these methods, which centres around the concept of system transaction and that unifies the static view of a system taken by ER modelling, with the dynamic view taken by JSD and the functional view taken by data flow modelling. Several object-oriented analysis methods integrate these three views. This paper illustrates how this is done in the analysis stage of Object Modelling Technique. Finally, it is shown that the transaction decomposition table can be used as a pivot around which to combine different methods. The results of this paper can be used in teaching to explain the relationships and differences between the methods analysed here, and in system development practice to ease the transition from structured to object-oriented methods
Strengths and weaknesses of quantum computingCharles

Recently a great deal of attention has focused on quantum computation following a sequence of results 4, 16, 15] suggesting that quantum computers are more powerful than classical probabilistic computers. Following Shor's result that factoring and the extraction of discrete logarithms are both solvable in quantum polynomial time, it is natural to ask whether all of NP can be eeciently solved in quantum polynomial time. In this paper, we address this question by proving that relative to an oracle chosen uniformly at random, with probability 1, the class NP cannot be solved on a quantum Turing machine in time o(2 n=2). We also show that relative to a permutation oracle chosen uniformly at random, with probability 1, the class NP \ co{NP cannot be solved on a quantum Turing machine in time o(2 n=3). The former bound is tight since 1 recent work of Grover 13] shows how to accept the class NP relative to any oracle on a quantum computer in time O(2 n=2).
Modelling Stigmergic Gene Transfer

We consider an information-theoretic model studying the conditions when a separation between the dynamics of a ’proto-cell’ and its proto-symbolic representation becomes beneficial in terms of preserving the proto-cell’s information in a noisy environment. In particular, we are interested in understanding the behaviour at the “error threshold” level which, in our case, turns out to be a whole “error interval”. We separate the phenomena into a “waste” and a “loss” component; the “waste” measures “packaging” information which envelops the proto-cell’s information, but itself does not contain any information of interest, the “loss” measures how much of the proto-symbolically encoded information is actually lost. We observe that transitions in the waste/loss functions correspond to the boundaries of the “error interval”. Secondly, we study whether and how different protocells can share such information via a joint code, even if they have slightly different individual dynamics. Implications for the emergence of biological genetic code are discussed.
High-purity 60-GHz-band single-chip /spl times/8 multipliers in pHEMT and mHEMT technology

Two single-chip multiplier by eight (times8) monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) for 52-62-GHz output frequency are presented. The MMICs are designed and manufactured in commercial 0.15-mum pseudomorphic high-electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) and metamorphic HEMT (mHEMT) processes for the comparison of functionality and performance. The multipliers consist of a quadrupler stage followed by a high-pass filter, an interstage amplifier, and a doubler stage. The required output power is achieved by a buffer amplifier on the output. An output power of 8 dBm is achieved in both designs at 7.35-GHz input frequency with 0-dBm input power. The detected degradation of phase noise due to the circuit is less than 1 dB at 100-kHz offset from the carrier compared to the theoretical value for a multiplier by eight. The total power dissipation of the pHEMT design is 450 mW. The mHEMT-based multiplier has significantly lower power dissipation of only 210 mW. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first reported multiplier-by-eight MMICs based on pHEMT and mHEMT technology
A Review on Speech Recognition Technique

The Speech is most prominent & primary mode of Communication among of human being. The communication among human computer interaction is called human computer interface. Speech has potential of being important mode of interaction with computer . This paper gives an overview of major technological perspective and appreciation of the fundamental progress of speech recognition and also gives overview technique developed in each stage of speech recognition. This paper helps in choosing the technique along with their relative merits & demerits. A comparative study of different technique is done as per stages. This paper is concludes with the decision on feature direction for developing technique in human computer interface system using Marathi Language.
Receptor editing in self-reactive bone marrow B cells

A central paradigm of immunology is clonal selection: lymphocytes displaying clonally distributed antigen receptors are generated and subsequently selected by antigen for growth or elimination. Here we show that in mice transgenic for anti-H-2Kk,b antibody genes, in which a homogeneous clone of developing B cells can be analyzed for the outcome of autoantigen encounter, surface immunoglobulin M+/idiotype+ immature B cells binding to self-antigens in the bone marrow are induced to alter the specificity of their antigen receptors. Transgenic bone marrow B cells encountering membrane-bound Kb or Kk proteins modify their receptors by expressing the V(D)J recombinase activator genes and assembling endogenously encoded immunoglobulin light chain variable genes. This (auto)antigen-directed change in the specificity of newly generated lymphocytes is termed receptor editing.
‘Transing’ fitness and remapping transgender male masculinity in online message boards

Abstract There has been a recent growth of events and discourses related to transgender men’s health and fitness, including bodybuilding competitions, Olympics participation and appearances in Men’s Health Magazine. In addition, transgender men have formed Internet collectives to share information and support about fitness and transitioning. Based on a content analysis of a Reddit message board on transgender men’s fitness and interviews with transgender men, this paper argues that fitness is a ‘trans practice’, or means through which people may modify their bodies, personal identifications and genders. Transgender men engage in strategic fitness habits to pursue their ideals of the ‘male’ and ‘masculine’ body, illuminating both the stronghold and malleability of sex and gender norms. Simultaneously and recursively, they may share resources in virtual collectives, creating narratives that reflect and augment their ‘offline’ experiences, and transcend boundaries of space and time. This paper remaps transgender male masculinity by positioning online terrains as spaces in which sex, gender and the body are co-constructed. In addition to structural interventions to protect transgender people’s health and safety, I gesture towards possibilities in which all people may choose alternatives beyond institutionally and culturally defined borders of sex, gender and the ‘fit’ or ‘healthy’ body.
Notice of RetractionThe Researches of Load Equalization Question in Information Construction of New Countryside

In the platform for the integration of information systems in new rural areas, the application of data mining technology to achieve load balancing. That is, according to historical records, in some way to forecast the upcoming visit of a request, and in accordance with certain rules for dealing with pre-reading, to balance load and speed up access speed. At the same time, running on the service side of the monitoring process will be the regular collection of farmers and learn the history of the nodes within the cluster load of information, through the analysis of these data and mining, the server clustering within a reasonable variety of resources to optimize and re-configuration.
An Encapsulation Structure and Description Specification for Application Level Software Components

Traditional research of software components mainly aims to components at the level of program and source code, due to which the coupling degree between the components and the runtime environments is hard to lower, thereby limiting the reuse ability of the component. The application level components containing comparatively integral granularity of business function are more suitable for a larger scale of application, while there is still lack of reference model and description specification in this field. The inherent deficiency of program level components is analyzed followed by the observation of the unique requirements of application level components, then a novel reference model is proposed. The main advantage of the model is to propel the integration and reuse of legacy software resources by means of transforming currently existing applications into application level components with the wrappers providing standard interfaces. The generalization and applicability of the model are evaluated by real cases.
Enhancing the coherent detection of optical QAM signals by exploiting the information of received optical power

In current optical coherent communication systems, balanced photo-detectors are typically employed, which preserve the product of the received optical signals and the local oscillators (LO) for detection but cancel out the power of both. Since only the product of the received optical signals and the LO is used to estimate the transmitted complex symbol, such detection scheme is suboptimal due to the loss of some useful information embedded in the transmitted signal power. Different from that, this paper proposes a new detection scheme which maintains full information obtained from the photo-detectors. Specifically, we first extract the transmitted signal power from the output of the photo-detector. After that, we use not only the product of the signals and the LO but also the power of signals to estimate the target signals. For 16-qudrature-amplitude-modulation (16-QAM) and 64-QAM signals, the simulation results show that our new scheme can outperform the conventional ones by more than 1 dB.
Fine-grained data sharing supporting attribute extension in cloud computing

Attribute-based encryption (ABE) can be used for implementing fine-grained data sharing in cloud computing. However, most of the existing ABE schemes cannot realize attribute extension and provable security simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a fine-grained attribute-based data sharing system based on a hybrid encryption mechanism. A rigorous security proof indicates that the proposed scheme is selective-secure under the decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman assumption. In particular, the proposed data sharing scheme can efficiently support attribute extension and allow AND-gate access policies with multiple attribute values and wildcards. Extensive simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme is extremely suitable for data sharing in cloud computing.
Tracking of Ball and Players in Beach Volleyball Videos

This paper presents methods for the determination of players' positions and contact time points by tracking the players and the ball in beach volleyball videos. Two player tracking methods are compared, a classical particle filter and a rigid grid integral histogram tracker. Due to mutual occlusion of the players and the camera perspective, results are best for the front players, with 74,6% and 82,6% of correctly tracked frames for the particle method and the integral histogram method, respectively. Results suggest an improved robustness against player confusion between different particle sets when tracking with a rigid grid approach. Faster processing and less player confusions make this method superior to the classical particle filter. Two different ball tracking methods are used that detect ball candidates from movement difference images using a background subtraction algorithm. Ball trajectories are estimated and interpolated from parabolic flight equations. The tracking accuracy of the ball is 54,2% for the trajectory growth method and 42,1% for the Hough line detection method. Tracking results of over 90% from the literature could not be confirmed. Ball contact frames were estimated from parabolic trajectory intersection, resulting in 48,9% of correctly estimated ball contact points.
High frequency deep brain stimulation attenuates subthalamic and cortical rhythms in Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by excessive synchronous activity in the beta (8–35 Hz) band throughout the cortico-basal ganglia network. The optimal location of high frequency deep brain stimulation (HF DBS) within the subthalamic nucleus (STN) region and the location of maximal beta hypersynchrony are currently matters of debate. Additionally, the effect of STN HF DBS on neural synchrony in functionally connected regions of motor cortex is unknown and is of great interest. Scalp EEG studies demonstrated that stimulation of the STN can activate motor cortex antidromically, but the spatial specificity of this effect has not been examined. The present study examined the effect of STN HF DBS on neural synchrony within the cortico-basal ganglia network in patients with PD. We measured local field potentials dorsal to and within the STN of PD patients, and additionally in the motor cortex in a subset of these patients. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to guide the placement of subdural cortical surface electrodes over the DTI-identified origin of the hyperdirect pathway (HDP) between motor cortex and the STN. The results demonstrated that local beta power was attenuated during HF DBS both dorsal to and within the STN. The degree of attenuation was monotonic with increased DBS voltages in both locations, but this voltage-dependent effect was greater in the central STN than dorsal to the STN (p < 0.05). Cortical signals over the estimated origin of the HDP also demonstrated attenuation of beta hypersynchrony during DBS dorsal to or within STN, whereas signals from non-specific regions of motor cortex were not attenuated. The spatially-specific suppression of beta synchrony in the motor cortex support the hypothesis that DBS may treat Parkinsonism by reducing excessive synchrony in the functionally connected sensorimotor network.
Rekreacja i tereny do zabawy w tkance miejskiej

The paper focuses on defining which types of space for play can nowadays be attractive for adults. To recognize the features of play preferred by adults in contacts with kids the exploratory research survey was conducted. The possibility of space use for play was analyzed as the localization for multifunctional forms dedicated for play for people in different age. The possibility of implementing the research results was shown by example of chosen concept design.
Centroid-based primary user localization in Cognitive Radio Network using RSS

The information about the positions of the primary users (PUs) is imperative for the functioning of Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) as it may turn out to be advantageous for improving the utilization of spectrum and also for avoiding the detrimental intervention. Extant Range-based techniques fail to work in some scenarios i.e. If the condition required for the application of trilateration method is not fulfilled which means the circle drawn for the SUs have no common point of intersection between them. Through this work we are moving one step further in making the CRN work more efficiently by presenting a Centroid based licensed user localization technique to get the location of PU (i.e. the licensed user) using RSS. The proposed method counts on the information obtained from three SUs and the Centroid concept to accomplish the localization process.
The Emergence of Critical Presence Ethnography: Capturing the Ripples of Self in Educational Contexts

Abstract The purpose of this chapter is to propose a new direction in ethnographic research in education through the emergence of critical presence ethnography (CPE). Through a review of the evolution of the field of ethnography as well as the positionality of the self as ethnographer, this chapter illuminates the ways in which critical ethnographic commitments and critical reflexivity can support a critical presence perspective that captures the ways in which the researcher impacts the internal epistemology and ontology of the research environment. This chapter is a conceptual chapter and does not include a specific research design, methods, or approaches. As a conceptual piece, there are no clear-cut findings, however a review of the extant literature concerning the field of ethnography is presented as well as the roles, opportunities, and tensions that ethnographers experience in the field. Based on the authors’ ethnographic work in the field, they employ a CPE to capture the ripples of self in the research context. The limitations of this work are that it is only presented in its conceptual form and has not been implemented nor tested in the field. As such, the implications of this work are that it be further developed and operationalized in the field of ethnography. Upon implementation and in depth testing, CPE may have the potential to positively impact the way in which education ethnographers manage researcher identity, conceptions of the self, and researcher bias within a given context. This chapter builds upon a strong body of literature concerning ethnography and critical ethnography in education. Using these processes of ethnography and the ways in which the positionality of the ethnographic researcher have been conceptualized and operationalized in the extant ethnographic literature, our work seeks to provide a way in which the ethnographer can measure his or her impact on the given context. Although infant in our conceptualization, we aspire to contribute to the conversation about ethnography, researcher positionality, and context.
Conocimiento en colabor: Reflexiones y posibilidades para la construcción de paz

Este articulo desarrolla un analisis acerca de las cuestiones metodologicas y epistemologicas que se encuentran en la investigacion en ciencias sociales, a partir de diversas reflexiones en torno al abordaje de las perspectivas de la decolonialidad y la colabor, contemplandole desde sus fortalezas y posibilidades para una investigacion que contribuya al agenciamiento de ninas, ninos y jovenes. En un primer momento se explicitan algunas condiciones contextuales de la investigacion en America Latina, posteriormente se centra el texto en generar una deliberacion sobre el conocimiento y la construccion del mismo desde el enfoque decolonial, como una forma de construir paz, para finalizar con la pregunta por la investigacion en colabor como un aporte concreto para minimizar las asimetrias investigativas de cara a la construccion de paz, finalizando con el cierre conclusivo de lo expresado.