Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clonal chromosome changes in stimulated lymphocytes of untreated human B-cell leukemias.

The chromosome constitution of peripheral blood lymphocytes from nine cases of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and one case of B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia were studied at diagnosis following stimulation by B- and T-cell activators. Chromosome analysis with banding techniques revealed an extra chromosome 12 (trisomy 12) in 4 B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cases and complicated abnormalities, i.e., trisomy 12, 6q-, 14q+, and a translocation between chromosomes 6 and 12, [t(6; 12)] in the prolymphocytic leukemia case. These findings suggest that trisomy 12 is a prototypic change in B-cell leukemia, particularly in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Based on sister chromatid exchange studies of unstimulated lymphocytes, it appears that some leukemia cells with a normal karyotype not only divide but also proliferate in vitro.
Analysis on Narrative Structure of TV Audition Reality Show : Focusing on the and

This study has attempted to explore the way to construct the reality and its implication of the narrative elements in TV Audition Reality Show. According to the study results, first of all, two audition reality show has added the special tasks to characters based on the competition and has developed the dramatic events sequentially. And they has suggested the course of way between survival and fail, that is, inclusion and exclusion. As that results, audiences has be immersed in the process of the justification of the star(hero) myth and the dealings of musical elements to see dramatized show of narrative. And they knew audition reality show as non-real fiction, so they enjoyed the pleasure spontaneously. These means that the empowered media reproduced the illusion like star(hero) with the purpose of the commercial and political aim and one of the ideology to acquiesce in the appropriateness of the competition.
Devising geographic diffusion for drone networks

With the rise of drones, providing a strong connectivity to the drones has become an indispensable part. Especially when the multiple drones are deployed, communication among each drone and a ground control station (GCS) is essential for delivering control message. However, traditional routing algorithms take too long time to construct routing table (eg. proactive routing protocol) or require large memory and high computing power (eg. reactive routing protocol). In this paper, we provide concept of an adaptive forwarding area based routing algorithm (AFAR) and exploit it for drone networks after making several modifications for drones. Although AFAR is originally designed for the smart grid, its routing algorithm is based on geographic information and flooding. Since these design fundamentals correspond to characteristics of drones, we adopted AFAR for drones. We increased dimensions of geographic information to 3D from 2D, and we made use of global positioning system (GPS) for new grid system. The real implementation of AFAR-D was evaluated with a traditional routing algorithm.
Relationship between blood urea, protein, creatinine, triglycerides and macro-mineral concentrations with the quality and quantity of milk in dairy Holstein cows

Seventy six high and low producer cows were selected to determine the composition of the blood and milk parameters, and their interrelationships to determine the indices which could be useful to improve the milk yield. The highest mean blood concentrations were found in high producer cows. Mean values for blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum protein (SPtn), creatinine, triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol, and beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) were 25.10 mg dL-1, 10.15 g dL-1, 0.81, 62.30, 177.10 and 0.16 mmol L-1, and for macro-minerals including SCa, SMg, serum in-organic phosphorus (SIP), SNa and SK were 3.85, 2.66, 4.63, 108.00 and 4.34 mmol L-1, respectively. The highest concentrations for milk parameters, were observed in the high producers, and were significant only for MCa, MIP and MMg. Mean values for milk urea nitrogen (MUN), milk protein (MPtn) and lactose were 19.90 mg dL-1, 0.39 g dL-1, and 4.12% and for macro-minerals, 13.24, 3.88, 11.03, 73.30 and 16.90 mmol L-1, respectively. There were significant positive correlations between the blood and milk parameters except for creatinine/BHB, TGs/cholesterol and MNa/MK which were not significant. The correlations between the blood parameters were greater than in the milk parameters. Creatinine and SPtn, MUN and MPtn were the main parameters in that the relationships between MPtn with BUN, SPtn and creatinine were more noticeable than others. The regression analysis showed that BUN with the SIP and creatinine, MPtn with the BUN and creatinine and MUN with the SIP and SMg were the appropriate parameters in improvement studies related to the milk yield. In conclusion, BUN, SPtn, MUN and MPtn concentrations are the most effective indices for predicting the preferred milk yield.
The Influence of Evaluation on Changing Management Systems in Educational Institutions

This article compares the influence of evaluation in two different public education contexts. One evaluation was knowledge-focused, with the evaluators acting as external judges in a context of top-down changes at post-implementation stage in infant and primary schools. The other was development-focused from a constructivist perspective in a context of bottom-up changes during the building of a shared model in a university administration department. The effects of the former were limited to the impact of disseminating scientific information. The latter evaluation had several effects, many of them indirect and diffuse. The main source of influence was participative discussion about evaluation procedures and their results. The advisability of participative evaluation to support system changes and model construction is discussed. The authors also suggest that the concept of influence be considered in the broad sense so different types of influence (multidirectional, indirect, unintended, non-instrumental) can be included as an evaluation impact.
Novel System Architecture and Waveform Design for Cognitive Radar Radio Networks

A novel approach to combining communication and radar functionalities in a single waveform design for cognitive radar radio (CRR) networks is proposed. This approach aims at extracting the target parameters from the radar scene, as well as facilitating high-data-rate communications between CRR nodes, by adopting a single waveform optimization solution. The system design technique addresses the coexisting communication and radar detection problems in mission-critical services, where there is a need of integrating the knowledge about the target scene gained from distinct radar entities functioning in tandem with each other. High spatial resolution and immunity to multipath fading make ultrawideband (UWB) signals an appropriate choice for such applications. The proposed solution is achieved by applying the mutual-information-based strategy to design the sequence of UWB transmission pulses and embed into them the communication data with the pulse position modulation scheme. With subsequent iterations of the algorithm, simulation results demonstrate an improvement in extraction of the parameters from the radar scene, such as target position and impulse response, while still maintaining high-throughput radio links with low bit error rates between CRR nodes.
Obesity as a Predictor of Vascular Access Outcomes: Analysis of the USRDS DMMS Wave II Study

Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are widely regarded as the preferred vascular access in hemodialysis patients due to their primary patency and patient survival benefits. While the obesity paradox has been associated with improved cardiovascular morbidity and all‐cause mortality in dialysis patients, its long‐term vascular access outcomes are less clear. Recent literature has suggested that obese patients may have increased early and late fistula failure. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between obesity and vascular access outcomes. We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using the USRDS DMMS Wave 2 data set. All incident dialysis patients as of January 1, 1996, over the age of 18, receiving only hemodialysis as mode of renal replacement therapy were eligible for inclusion. Among other variables, data collected for the DMMS Wave 2 included: type and location of vascular access, AVF maturity, vascular access revision, and failure. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between obesity and vascular access outcomes, adjusting for important covariates. In all, 1486 hemodialysis patients were included. Using body mass index (BMI) <30 kg/m2 as reference, obesity did not emerge as a factor in predicting vascular access revisions or failures. An increased risk of AVF failure to mature was found only in the highest BMI quartile (≥35 kg/m2) (aOR 3.66 [95% CI 1.27–10.55], p = 0.017). Peripheral vascular disease was independently associated with an increased risk of AVF failure (aOR 2.78 [95% CI 1.01–7.63], p = 0.047) and arteriovenous graft (AVG) failure (aOR 1.65 [95% CI 1.03–2.64], p = 0.036). Obesity was not associated with increased AVF or AVG revision rates or failure and only associated with poorer AVF maturity at highest BMI quartile. We conclude that obesity should not preclude placement of AVF as vascular access of choice, except in the very obese where assessment should be individually based.
Pneumatic micro hand and miniaturized parallel link robot for micro manipulation robot system

This paper reports the pneumatic PDMS micro hand as an end-effector of robot and miniaturized parallel link robot (guide robot) for manipulating a tiny and delicate object. Micro finger structure for the micro hand consists of bonded two films having different stiffness. Balloon structures are designed between the two films. Swelling of the balloon structure by applied pressure generates bending motion of the micro finger. This combination of the micro hand is based on the human being's finger and/or hand. The guide robot has several design specifications such as multi degrees of freedom joint as a human, small size, highly accurate directional control and water/ sterilization proof. Micro manipulation robot system is developed by assembling the micro finger with two or three degree of freedom, the guide robot and VR (virtual reality) interface device. The hybrid motion and the manipulation of a single egg (phi1 mm) of fish and a hair (phi100 mum) in macro world is successfully realized
The Interface Between Impulse-Control Disorders and Addictions: Are Pleasure Pathway Responses Shared Neurobiological Substrates?

The term “addiction” has been used to describe several Impulse-Control Disorders. Models that have been developed for Substance-Related Disorders suggest a more general applicability in understanding and treating Impulse-Control Disorders. Neurocircuits and the neurochemical mediation of pleasure responses may represent a shared neurobiological substrate, linking addictions of both types. In this review, Pathological Gambling, Kleptomania, Compulsive Buying, Pyromania, and Problematic Internet Use are examined from a neurobiological perspective, with a specific focus on pleasure pathway responses.
Ipilimumab in the common daily practice: Feasibility, safety, and efficacy in heavily pretreated metastatic melanoma patients.

e20002 Background: Effective anti-tumor responses are being observed in metastatic melanoma (MM) patients (pts) with the anti-CTLA-4 antibody Ipilimumab (Ipi) in clinical trials; however no data support the feasibility and clinical effectiveness of Ipi use in the daily practice. We report a single Institution experience utilizing Ipi within a compassionate program for MM pts. METHODS 27 stage III (2) or IV (25) pts (14 males, 13 females), median age 55 (23-77) years, ECOG performance status 0- 1, with MM (23 cutaneous, 3 uveal, 1 mucosal) progressing to 3 median (1-5) systemic therapies for metastatic disease received Ipi. Eight pts had evidence (6) or history (2) of brain metastases and 11 elevated (>1x upper limit of normal [ULN]) LDH. In the induction phase (IF) pts received Ipi (10 mg/kg i.v.) q3 weeks (wks) x 4 cycles; after a 12 wks rest treatment was repeated q12 wks in the maintenance phase (MF). Tumor assessment (TA) per modified World Health Organization criteria was performed at baseline, week (wk) 12 (±2) and wk 24, then every 12 wks. Adverse Events (AE) and immune related AE (irAE) were collected according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0. RESULTS All pts received at least one Ipi dose, and 18/27 completed the IF. Of the remaining 9 pts, 4 are completing the IF and 5 were withdrawn for AE severity (3 pts) or disease progression (2 pts). Eight pts entered the MF. TA at wk 12 showed partial response (PR) in 1/18 or stable disease (SD) in 5/18 pts. TA at wk 24 showed PR and SD in 3/8 and 5/8 pts, respectively, with an ongoing clinical benefit (SD + PR + CR) of 34% (8/23 pts); these pts are still on treatment. Slow, steady declines in tumor volume and appearance of new lesions with subsequent shrinking of total tumor burden has been observed. One patient had Grade 3 AE (myocardial infarction) and 2 pts had Grade 3 irAE (diarrhoea). Excluding pts who are in IF, to date median overall survival is 27 wks (19-39). CONCLUSIONS Ipi treatment is feasible, safe and clinically effective also in the common daily practice and in heavily pretreated, progressing, MM pts. A sizable proportion of these pts experiences durable clinical benefit. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Hormonal Therapy in the Management of Premenstrual Syndrome

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is characterized by any of a number of physical and psychological symptoms consistently occurring in the late luteal phase. Progesterone therapy is often recommended based on anecdotal evidence, although controlled studies have shown it to be ineffective. Oral contraceptives are more often used with mixed results. When hormonal therapy for PMS is indicated, the most appropriate choice remains a challenge. Methods: We describe a case report of successful hormonal therapy for PMS and a review of the literature on the effectiveness of hormonal therapies. Results and Conclusions: Estrogen is clearly effective in relieving symptoms of PMS, whereas progesterone is ineffective and might even worsen symptoms. Combination oral contraceptives are effective, undoubtedly as a result of the estrogen component. While little comparative data exist to guide choice of an oral contraceptive, maximizing the relative estrogenic potency of the oral contraceptive seems logical. Depressive symptoms might not respond to hormonal treatment, and new research suggests that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors might be particularly effective.
De Novo Prediction of PTBP1 Binding and Splicing Targets Reveals Unexpected Features of Its RNA Recognition and Function

The splicing regulator Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein (PTBP1) has four RNA binding domains that each binds a short pyrimidine element, allowing recognition of diverse pyrimidine-rich sequences. This variation makes it difficult to evaluate PTBP1 binding to particular sites based on sequence alone and thus to identify target RNAs. Conversely, transcriptome-wide binding assays such as CLIP identify many in vivo targets, but do not provide a quantitative assessment of binding and are informative only for the cells where the analysis is performed. A general method of predicting PTBP1 binding and possible targets in any cell type is needed. We developed computational models that predict the binding and splicing targets of PTBP1. A Hidden Markov Model (HMM), trained on CLIP-seq data, was used to score probable PTBP1 binding sites. Scores from this model are highly correlated (ρ = −0.9) with experimentally determined dissociation constants. Notably, we find that the protein is not strictly pyrimidine specific, as interspersed Guanosine residues are well tolerated within PTBP1 binding sites. This model identifies many previously unrecognized PTBP1 binding sites, and can score PTBP1 binding across the transcriptome in the absence of CLIP data. Using this model to examine the placement of PTBP1 binding sites in controlling splicing, we trained a multinomial logistic model on sets of PTBP1 regulated and unregulated exons. Applying this model to rank exons across the mouse transcriptome identifies known PTBP1 targets and many new exons that were confirmed as PTBP1-repressed by RT-PCR and RNA-seq after PTBP1 depletion. We find that PTBP1 dependent exons are diverse in structure and do not all fit previous descriptions of the placement of PTBP1 binding sites. Our study uncovers new features of RNA recognition and splicing regulation by PTBP1. This approach can be applied to other multi-RRM domain proteins to assess binding site degeneracy and multifactorial splicing regulation.
Effect of 24 hours of sleep deprivation on auditory and linguistic perception: a comparison among young controls, sleep-deprived participants, dyslexic readers, and aging adults.

PURPOSE To test the effects of 24 hr of sleep deprivation on auditory and linguistic perception and to assess the magnitude of this effect by comparing such performance with that of aging adults on speech perception and with that of dyslexic readers on phonological awareness. METHOD Fifty-five sleep-deprived young adults were compared with 29 aging adults (older than 60 years) and with 18 young controls on auditory temporal order judgment (TOJ) and on speech perception tasks (Experiment 1). The sleep deprived were also compared with 51 dyslexic readers and with the young controls on TOJ and phonological awareness tasks (One-Minute Test for Pseudowords, Phoneme Deletion, Pig Latin, and Spoonerism; Experiment 2). RESULTS Sleep deprivation resulted in longer TOJ thresholds, poorer speech perception, and poorer nonword reading compared with controls. The TOJ thresholds of the sleep deprived were comparable to those of the aging adults, but their pattern of speech performance differed. They also performed better on TOJ and phonological awareness than dyslexic readers. CONCLUSIONS A variety of linguistic skills are affected by sleep deprivation. The comparison of sleep-deprived individuals with other groups with known difficulties in these linguistic skills might suggest that different groups exhibit common difficulties.
An Extensible Interworking Architecture ( EIA ) for Wireless Sensor Networks and Internet

One of representative applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a data collecting system that monitors and gathers physical phenomena in an area of interest. To build an end-to-end data collecting system, how to efficiently integrate WSNs with the Internet should be investigated. In this paper, we first present important design considerations regarding interworking between these two networks and review the existing interworking approaches: gateway-based and overlay-based approaches. Then, we propose a new interworking architecture, extensible interworking architecture (EIA), which forms overlay sensor networks (OSNs) over Internet. EIA employs two advanced functions to improve the data gathering efficiency: application layer graph (ALG) and distributed caching. Compared with previous works, EIA can meet the design requirements on the WSN/Internet interworking more efficiently.
Handbook of Phonological Development: From the Perspective of Constraint-Based Nonlinear Phonology

Introduction. Worldviews for Phonology. Phonological Representations and Processes. Constraints. Segmental Development. Prosodic Development. Sequences of Elements. Theory and Application: Not Just for the Clinician. Acquisition of Adult Alternations. Discussion and Conclusions. Appendix A: International Phonetic Association (1989) Symbols Used in This book. Appendix B: The Features Used in This Book. Appendix C: List of the Constraints of Optimality Theory. Appendix D: Practical Guidelines for Using Constraints. References. Index.
Conversational turn-taking and repair in fluent aphasia

Abstract This study replicated and extended the previous investigation of conversational turn-taking in fluent aphasia by Schienberg and Holland. The present study analysed a series of casual conversations which were videotaped between two fluent aphasic speakers talking with each other, and with non-aphasic partners who varied with regard to clinical experience with aphasia and personal familiarity with the aphasic speakers. Analysis was based on transcription and examined general aspects of turn-taking, as well as turn allocation techniques and their success, with results being compared with those presented by Schienberg and Holland. Additionally, repair trajectories and their acceptance were analysed for each dyad. Results supported Schienberg and Holland's previous findings and conclusions with regard to the relative preservation of communicative competence in aphasia. Additionally, results suggest that measures of turn-taking allocation showed no effect of the familiarity of the partners. For some in.
Parental Involvement in Raising the Achievement of Primary School Pupils: Why bother?

Reasons for investing in parental involvement activities aimed at improving the performance of primary school children in either numeracy or literacy are analysed. Data are then discussed in relation firstly to sociocultural understandings of how teachers support children's learning and secondly to conceptions of identity and self-esteem apparently held by participating teachers. We suggest that primary schools are currently being obliged to use parents as assistants in the delivery of an over-loaded curriculum in ways which do not draw on understandings of what parents do have to offer.
An FPGA-Based Real-Time Maximum Likelihood 3D Position Estimation for a Continuous Crystal PET Detector

For the continuous crystal-based positron emission tomography (PET) detector built in our lab, a maximum likelihood algorithm adapted for implementation on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) is proposed to estimate the three-dimensional (3D) coordinate of interaction position with the single-end detected scintillation light response. The row-sum and column-sum readout scheme organizes the 64 channels of photomultiplier (PMT) into eight row signals and eight column signals to be readout for X- and Y-coordinates estimation independently. By the reference events irradiated in a known oblique angle, the probability density function (PDF) for each depth-of-interaction (DOI) segment is generated, by which the reference events in perpendicular irradiation are assigned to DOI segments for generating the PDFs for X and Y estimation in each DOI layer. Evaluated by the experimental data, the algorithm achieves an average X resolution of 1.69 mm along the central X-axis, and DOI resolution of 3.70 mm over the whole thickness (0-10 mm) of crystal. The performance improvements from 2D estimation to the 3D algorithm are also presented. Benefiting from abundant resources of FPGA and a hierarchical storage arrangement, the whole algorithm can be implemented into a middle-scale FPGA. By a parallel structure in pipelines, the 3D position estimator on the FPGA can achieve a processing throughput of 15 M events/s, which is sufficient for the requirement of real-time PET imaging.