Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on the application of gesture in virtual maintenance

This paper presents a method of gesture recognition based on Leap Motion controller in the virtual maintenance training system. In order to realize the real action of the hand in the maintenance, we establish virtual hand model by combining the characteristics of Leap Motion device. The virtual hand model includes the use of the tool to enhance the diversity of maintenance actions. We analyze the characteristics of various hand actions in maintenance operations and give a simplified model of the gesture which is presented for real-time interaction. The effectiveness of the model is demonstrated through an example of gun in 3D virtual maintenance scene on PC.
10-Gb/s Direct Modulation of Widely Tunable 1550-nm MEMS VCSEL

We demonstrate direct modulation of a widely tunable microelectromechanical system (MEMS) vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). The wavelength tuning is realized with electrothermal actuation of a SiOx/SiNy-based MEMS distributed Bragg reflector (DBR). The DBR is deposited in a low-temperature plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition chamber on a InP-based half-VCSEL by means of surface micromachining. More than 60 nm of mode-hop free continuous tuning with a center wavelength of 1554 nm is achieved. A maximum 3-dB small-signal modulation response (S21) bandwidth of 7.05 GHz is reported. Quasi-error-free operation of a back-to-back link is demonstrated at 10 Gb/s for a record 47-nm tuning range, showing the compatibility of the MEMS tunable VCSEL as a cost-effective optical source in access networks and interconnects.
Validity Evidence for FASTHUG-MAIDENS, a Mnemonic for Identifying Drug-Related Problems in the Intensive Care Unit.

BACKGROUND The mnemonic FASTHUG (Feeding, Analgesia, Sedation, Thromboembolic prophylaxis, Head of bed elevation, stress Ulcer prophylaxis, Glucose control) was developed by intensive care unit (ICU) physicians to ensure that key aspects of care are addressed during each patient encounter. Because this tool does not specifically target pharmacotherapy assessments, a modified version, FASTHUG-MAIDENS, was created, by changing the H to mean Hypoactive or Hyperactive delirium and adding M for Medication reconciliation; A for Antibiotics or Anti-infectives; I for Indications for medications; D for drug Dosing; E for Electrolytes, hematology, and other laboratory tests; N for No drug interactions, allergies, duplication, or side effects; and S for Stop dates. OBJECTIVE To validate the use of FASTHUG-MAIDENS as a tool for identifying drug-related problems (DRPs) in the ICU. METHODS This randomized, prospective validation study took place between January and May 2011 in the ICUs of 4 hospitals: 2 community-level ICUs and 2 tertiary referral ICUs. Each ICU had a dedicated ICU pharmacist and one or more pharmacy residents completing an ICU rotation as part of their pharmacy practice residency (total of 6 residents). The 6 pharmacy residents were randomly assigned to assess patients admitted to the ICU using FASTHUG-MAIDENS or standard monitoring practice. The mean proportion of DRPs per patient encounter identified by the residents (relative to DRPs identified by the ICU pharmacists) was the primary outcome, and the proportion of total DRPs identified in each group was assessed as a secondary end point. RESULTS Pharmacy residents using the FASTHUG-MAIDENS mnemonic identified a significantly greater mean proportion of DRPs per patient encounter (73.2% versus 52.4%, p = 0.008) and a greater proportion of total DRPs (77.1% versus 52.5%, p < 0.001) than those assessing patients according to standard monitoring practice. CONCLUSION In this sample, the mnemonic FASTHUG-MAIDENS was a useful tool to facilitate the capture of DRPs by pharmacy residents working in the ICU.
Protamine Releases Endothelium‐Derived Relaxing Factor From Systemic Arteries: A Possible Mechanism of Hypotension During Heparin Neutralization

BackgroundWhen used to reverse the anticoagulant effect of heparin, protamine sulfate often causes vasodilation that can lead to systemic hypotension. Protamine is rich in the basic amino acid arginine, which is the precursor of endothelial cell synthesis of nitric oxide, and nitric oxide is the active component of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF). Methods and ResultsTo determine whether the hypotensive effect of protamine could be due to stimulated release of EDRF, we studied rings (4–5 mm) of canine coronary, femoral, and renal artery suspended in organ chambers containing physiological salt solution (37°C and 95% O2–5% CO2). Arterial rings with and without endothelium were contracted with prostaglandin F2α (2×10−6 M) and exposed to increasing concentrations of protamine (final organ bath concentration, 40–400 μg/ml). In arterial segments without endothelium, protamine caused only a modest decrease in tension. However, protamine induced concentration-dependent relaxation in all arterial segments with endothelium, which was significantly greater than in segments without endothelium (p<0.05). The endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by protamine was inhibited by NG monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) (10−5 M), but L-NMMA had no effect on rings without endothelium. The action of L-NMMA could be reversed by L-arginine (10−4 M) but not D-arginine (10−4 M). ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that protamine stimulates the release of EDRF from arterial endothelium, and that endothelium-dependent vasodilation may be an important cause of systemic hypotension during protamine infusion.
18.3 A 0.5V 54μW ultra-low-power recognition processor with 93.5% accuracy geometric vocabulary tree and 47.5% database compression

Microwatt object recognition is being considered for many applications, such as autonomous micro-air-vehicle (MAV) navigation, a vision-based wake-up or user authentication for the smartphones, and a gesture recognition-based natural UI for wearable devices in the Internet-of-Things (IoT) era. These applications require extremely low power consumption, while maintaining high recognition accuracy - constraints that arise because of the requirement for continuous heavy vision processing under limited battery capacity. Recently, a low-power feature-extraction accelerator operating at near-threshold voltage (NTV) was proposed, however, it did not support the object matching essential for the object recognition [1]. Even state-of-the-art object matching accelerators consume over 10mW, thereby making them unsuitable for an MAV [2, 3]. Therefore, an ultra-low-power high-accuracy recognition processor is necessary, especially for MAVs and IoT devices.
Trivalent Combination Vaccine Induces Broad Heterologous Immune Responses to Norovirus and Rotavirus in Mice

Rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) are the two major causes of viral gastroenteritis (GE) in children worldwide. We have developed an injectable vaccine design to prevent infection or GE induced with these enteric viruses. The trivalent combination vaccine consists of NoV capsid (VP1) derived virus-like particles (VLPs) of GI-3 and GII-4 representing the two major NoV genogroups and tubular RV recombinant VP6 (rVP6), the most conserved and abundant RV protein. Each component was produced in insect cells by a recombinant baculovirus expression system and combined in vitro. The vaccine components were administered intramuscularly to BALB/c mice either separately or in the trivalent combination. High levels of NoV and RV type specific serum IgGs with high avidity (>50%) as well as intestinal IgGs were detected in the immunized mice. Cross-reactive IgG antibodies were also elicited against heterologous NoV VLPs not used for immunization (GII-4 NO, GII-12 and GI-1 VLPs) and to different RVs from cell cultures. NoV-specific serum antibodies blocked binding of homologous and heterologous VLPs to the putative receptors, histo-blood group antigens, suggesting broad NoV neutralizing activity of the sera. Mucosal antibodies of mice immunized with the trivalent combination vaccine inhibited RV infection in vitro. In addition, cross-reactive T cell immune responses to NoV and RV-specific antigens were detected. All the responses were sustained for up to six months. No mutual inhibition of the components in the trivalent vaccine combination was observed. In conclusion, the NoV GI and GII VLPs combination induced broader cross-reactive and potentially neutralizing immune responses than either of the VLPs alone. Therefore, trivalent vaccine might induce protective immune responses to the vast majority of circulating NoV and RV genotypes.
Water bath temperature control by a recurrent fuzzy controller and its FPGA implementation

A hardware implementation of the Takagi-Sugeno-Kan (TSK)-type recurrent fuzzy network (TRFN-H) for water bath temperature control is proposed in this paper. The TRFN-H is constructed by a series of recurrent fuzzy if-then rules built on-line through concurrent structure and parameter learning. To design TRFN-H for temperature control, the direct inverse control configuration is adopted, and owing to the structure of TRFN-H, no a priori knowledge of the plant order is required, which eases the design process. Due to the powerful learning ability of TRFN-H, a small network is generated, which significantly reduces the hardware implementation cost. After the network is designed, it is realized on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) chip. Because both the rule and input variable numbers in TRFN-H are small, it is implemented by combinational circuits directly without using any memory. The good performance of the TRFN-H chip is verified from comparisons with computer-based proportional-integral fuzzy (PI) and neural network controllers for different sets of experiments on water bath temperature control.
Requisite Elements in Vaccine Immunity to Blastomyces dermatitidis: Plasticity Uncovers Vaccine Potential in Immune-Deficient Hosts1 2

Understanding fundamental mechanisms of vaccine immunity will allow proper use and optimization of vaccines. Vaccination with a genetically engineered, live, attenuated strain of Blastomyces dermatitidis carrying a targeted deletion at the BAD1 locus confers sterilizing immunity against experimental lethal pulmonary infection. We found in this study that αβ T cells are requisite for durable vaccine immunity, whereas other T and B cells are dispensable. In immune-competent animals, CD4+ T-cell derived cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ mediate vaccine immunity. Surprisingly, these factors are dispensable in immune-deficient animals, which rely on alternate mechanisms for robust vaccine immunity, yet still require O2− production rather than generation of NO. Our results clarify the cellular and molecular bases behind the first genetically engineered fungal vaccine. They also illustrate a sharp difference in vaccine mechanisms between immune-competent and immune-deficient hosts, which underscores the plasticity of residual immune elements in compromised hosts, and points to the feasibility of developing vaccines against invasive fungal infection in this fast growing patient population.
THE METHANE UPTAKE CAPACITY OF SOIL GARDEN

Aerobic CH4 oxidation through methanotrophic bacteria is the only terrestrial sink and the only sink that can be altered directly or indirectly by human so far. However, the capacity of this sink is highly variable in different ecosystems depending on four key factors which are soil diffusivity, soil temperature, soil nitrogen status and soil moisture. While many studies in Australia experience the significant inverse correlation between soil moisture and CH4 flux magnitude in temperate forests in Victoria and New South Wales, there is a lack of research about the methane uptake capacity of garden soil. Consequently, we hypothesise that there is a similar pattern of CH4 uptake by garden soil. The aim of this study is to determine the capacity of CH4 oxidation along the soil garden profile. Our study was conducted at a native garden in Burnley Campus of the University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Our results show three main findings. Firstly, garden soil can become a significant sink of CH4. Secondly, there was a significant correlation between soil moisture and the soil CH4 uptake rates. Finally, there was an expansion of the CH4 oxidation layer to deeper soil layers as the soil dries at the surface.
A calcium antagonist vs a non-calcium antagonist hypertension treatment strategy for patients with coronary artery disease. The International Verapamil-Trandolapril Study (INVEST): a randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT Despite evidence of efficacy of antihypertensive agents in treating hypertensive patients, safety and efficacy of antihypertensive agents for coronary artery disease (CAD) have been discerned only from subgroup analyses in large trials. OBJECTIVE To compare mortality and morbidity outcomes in patients with hypertension and CAD treated with a calcium antagonist strategy (CAS) or a non-calcium antagonist strategy (NCAS). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized, open label, blinded end point study of 22 576 hypertensive CAD patients aged 50 years or older, which was conducted September 1997 to February 2003 at 862 sites in 14 countries. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomly assigned to either CAS (verapamil sustained release) or NCAS (atenolol). Strategies specified dose and additional drug regimens. Trandolapril and/or hydrochlorothiazide was administered to achieve blood pressure goals according to guidelines from the sixth report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC VI) of less than 140 mm Hg (systolic) and less than 90 mm Hg (diastolic); and less than 130 mm Hg (systolic) and less than 85 mm Hg (diastolic) if diabetes or renal impairment was present. Trandolapril was also recommended for patients with heart failure, diabetes, or renal impairment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary: first occurrence of death (all cause), nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke; other: cardiovascular death, angina, adverse experiences, hospitalizations, and blood pressure control at 24 months. RESULTS At 24 months, in the CAS group, 6391 patients (81.5%) were taking verapamil sustained release; 4934 (62.9%) were taking trandolapril; and 3430 (43.7%) were taking hydrochlorothiazide. In the NCAS group, 6083 patients (77.5%) were taking atenolol; 4733 (60.3%) were taking hydrochlorothiazide; and 4113 (52.4%) were taking trandolapril. After a follow-up of 61 835 patient-years (mean, 2.7 years per patient), 2269 patients had a primary outcome event with no statistically significant difference between treatment strategies (9.93% in CAS and 10.17% in NCAS; relative risk [RR], 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90-1.06). Two-year blood pressure control was similar between groups. The JNC VI blood pressure goals were achieved by 65.0% (systolic) and 88.5% (diastolic) of CAS and 64.0% (systolic) and 88.1% (diastolic) of NCAS patients. A total of 71.7% of CAS and 70.7% of NCAS patients achieved a systolic blood pressure of less than 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure of less than 90 mm Hg. CONCLUSION The verapamil-trandolapril-based strategy was as clinically effective as the atenolol-hydrochlorothiazide-based strategy in hypertensive CAD patients.
The Most Stable Class of Benzenoid Hydrocarbons-New Topological Correlations of Strain-Free Total Resonant Sextet Benzenoids

While briefly reviewing how the concepts of strictly pericondensed, strain-free, Clar's aromatic sextet, and symmetry are interconnected in the topological correspondence between strictly pericondensed and total resonant sextet (TRS) benzenoid hydrocarbons, new structural correlations in isomer numbers, symmetry distributions, and empty rings between various strain-free TRS benzenoids made up of only fused hexagonal rings are presented. These correlations are made evident by the Formula Periodic Table for Total Resonant Sextet Benzenoid Hydrocarbons [Table PAH6(sextet)] and application of the leapfrog operation. A new perimeter topology relationship for fused strain-free TRS benzenoids is derived. This work represents a contribution toward understanding formula/structure relationships of benzenoid hydrocarbons.
Autotriggering caused by cardiogenic oscillation during flow‐triggered mechanical ventilation

Objectives: We noticed that in some patients after cardiac surgery, when flow triggering was used, cardiogenic oscillation might be autotriggering the ventilatory support. In a prospective study, we evaluated the degree of cardiogenic oscillation and the frequency rate of autotriggering. We suspected that autotriggering caused by cardiogenic oscillation was more common than clinically appreciated. Design: Prospective, nonrandomized, clinical study. Setting: Surgical intensive care unit in a national heart institute. Patients: A total of 104 adult patients were enrolled after cardiac surgery. Interventions: During the study period, patients were paralyzed and ventilated with intermittent mandatory ventilation at a rate of 10 breaths/min, pressure support of 10 cm H2O, and flow triggering with a sensitivity of 1 L/min. Measurements and Main Results: Because the patients would not be able to breathe spontaneously, we counted pressure‐support (PS) breaths as instances of autotriggering. Then, we classified the patients into two groups according to the number of PS breaths: an “AT group” (PS breaths of >5/min) and a “non‐AT group” (PS breaths of ≤5/min). If autotriggering occurred, we decreased the sensitivity so autotriggering disappeared (threshold triggering sensitivity). The intensity of cardiogenic oscillation was assessed as the flow and airway pressure at the airway opening. A total of 23 patients (22%) demonstrated more than five autotriggered breaths/min. During mechanical ventilation, the inspiratory flow fluctuation caused by cardiogenic oscillation was significantly greater in the AT group than in the non‐AT group (4.67 ± 1.26 L/min vs. 2.03 ± 0.86 L/min; p < .01). The AT group also showed larger cardiac output, higher ventricular filling pressures, larger heart size, and lower respiratory system resistance than the non‐AT group. As the inspiratory flow fluctuation caused by cardiogenic oscillation increased, the level of triggering sensitivity also was increased to avoid autotriggering. In the AT group with 1 L/min of sensitivity, the respiratory rate increased (19.9 ± 2.7 vs. 10 ± 0 breaths/min, p < .01), PaCO2 decreased (30.8 ± 4.0 torr [4.11 ± 0.36 kPa] vs. 37.6 ± 4.3 torr [5.01 ± 0.57 kPa]; p < .01), and mean esophageal pressure increased (7.7 ± 3.0 vs. 6.9 ± 3.0 cm H2O; p < .01) compared with the threshold triggering sensitivity. Conclusions: Autotriggering caused by cardiogenic oscillation is common in postcardiac surgery patients when flow triggering is used. Autotriggering occurred more often in patients with more dynamic circulation. Autotriggering caused respiratory alkalosis and hyperinflation of the lungs.
Platform for ambulatory assessment of psycho-physiological signals and online data capture

Over the last years there has been an increasing interest in finding new methods for capturing psychological, behavioral and physiological data in real-time using infield data acquisition systems. Within our research group a system for ambulatory assessment of psycho-physiological signals for real-time data capture has been developed. The system is based on Smartphones which are equipped with software to record contextual and subjective data from participants and have that information transmitted wirelessly to a central online database. An online database offers the possibility of collecting, storing and analyzing all study related data in a central point. This paper provides an overview of this system.
Fcfs infinite bipartite matching of servers and customers

We consider an infinite sequence of customers of types and an infinite sequence of servers of types where a server of type j can serve a subset of customer types C(j) and where a customer of type i can be served by a subset of server types S(i). We assume that the types of customers and servers in the infinite sequences are random, independent, and identically distributed, and that customers and servers are matched according to their order in the sequence, on a first-come–first-served (FCFS) basis. We investigate this process of infinite bipartite matching. In particular, we are interested in the rate r i,j that customers of type i are assigned to servers of type j. We present a countable state Markov chain to describe this process, and for some previously unsolved instances, we prove ergodicity and existence of limiting rates, and calculate r i,j .
Sensing-throughput tradeoff for cognitive radios

This paper focuses on sensing-throughput tradeoffs for overlay cognitive radio networks. The goal is to maximize the opportunistic secondary user throughput, by limiting the disturbance to primary user activity. Specifically, by assuming that a Poisson birth-death process characterizes the primary user traffic, the sensing-time bounds are imposed by granting enough accuracy to the detection of primary user activity, while the optimum duration for secondary user transmissions is obtained by maximizing analytical expressions for the secondary user average capacity. This paper also clarifies some subtle differences with the existing literature on the subject, which may lead to misleading results. Computer simulations corroborate the proposed theoretical findings.
Compact Storage of Binary Trees

Statistical measurements of the behavior of LISP programs have shown a marked asymmetry in the distribution of their data structures (binary trees). On the basis of a statistical model for such a distribution, we evaluate the expected storage cost of a representation of binary trees based on the use of k-pointer cells instead of conventional two-pointer ones. We conclude that LISP trees would be more efficiently encoded using three-pointer nodes.
Spanish "fine tuning" of language to describe depression and anxiety.

On screening tools for emotional distress, the terms "depression" and "anxiety" are commonly used for patients with advanced cancer. However, these terms could have negative connotations in Spanish such that cultural and unexpected differences in perception may invalidate or skew the results of the screening if the best terms are not chosen. The goal of this study was to determine the best expression that can be used to explore anxiety and depression in Spanish. A prospective study of 100 Spanish-speaking patients was performed. Spanish patients with cancer completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and six Verbal Numerical Scales (VNS) exploring the level of anxiety using the terms ansioso (anxious), nervioso (nervous), or intranquilo (uneasy/disquiet), and the level of depression using the terms deprimido (depressed), desanimado (discouraged), or triste (sad). The correlation, sensitivity, and specificity for all the VNS and HADS (8 and 11 cutoff points) were analyzed. The correlation (Spearman rho) between HADS and the anxiety VNS was r = 0.557 using "anxious"; r = 0.603 using "nervous"; and r = 0.594 using "uneasy. " The correlation for the depression VNS was r = 0.662 using "depression"; r = 0.759 using "discouraged" and r = 0.596 using "sad"; alpha < 0.001 was used in all VNS. A cutoff point of 4 of 10 for any term used to explore anxiety achieved the best levels for sensitivity (0.80) and specificity (0.70). The term "discouraged" with a cutoff point of 4 of 10 shows a sensitivity of 0.89, a specificity of 0.84, as well as a predictive positive value of 0.77 and a negative value of 0.93. In Spanish, the term desanimado seems to be more suitable in screening for depression. Alternate terms could be used to explore anxiety in Spanish. Exploring depression with simple questions in Spanish achieves greater accuracy than the same approach to exploring anxiety.