Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliability of scores on the Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement (STREAM) measure.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement (STREAM) is a new clinical measurement tool for evaluating the recovery of voluntary movement and basic mobility following stroke. This article presents the results of 3 substudies examining the reliability (interrater and intrarater) and internal consistency of STREAM scores. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A "direct-observation reliability study" was conducted on 20 patients who had strokes and were in a rehabilitation setting. Pairs of raters from a group of 6 participating therapists provided data to judge interrater agreement. A "videotaped assessments reliability study" was done to assess intrarater and interrater agreement on the scoring of videotaped performances using the STREAM measure and involved 4 videotaped assessments that were viewed and rated on 2 occasions by 20 physical therapists. The internal consistency of the STREAM scores was evaluated for 26 patients who had strokes and who demonstrated the full range of motor ability. RESULTS The reliability of the STREAM scores was demonstrated by generalizability correlation coefficients of . 99 for total scores and of . 96 to . 99 for subscale scores. The internal consistency of the STREAM scores was demonstrated by Cronbach alphas of greater than . 98 on the subscales and overall. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION These high levels of reliability support the use of the STREAM instrument for the measurement of motor recovery following stroke. Further work on the validity and responsiveness of the STREAM measure is in progress.
Dependently Typed Pattern Matching

The mechanism for declaring datatypes to model data structures in pro- gramming languages such as Standard ML and Haskell can offer both convenience in programming and clarity in code. With the introduction of dependent datatypes in DML, the programmer can model data structures with more accuracy, thus capturing more program invariants. In this paper, we study some practical aspects of depen- dent datatypes that affect both type-checking and compiling pattern matching. The results, which have already been tested, demonstrate that dependent datatype can not only offer various programming benefits but also lead to performance gains, yielding a concrete case where safer programs run faster.
Effect of Long-term Smoking on Whole-mouth Salivary Flow Rate and Oral Health

Background and aims Change in the resting whole-mouth salivary flow rate (SFR) plays a significant role in patho-genesis of various oral conditions. Factors such as smoking may affect SFR as well as the oral and dental health. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the effect of smoking on SFR, and oral and dental health. Materials and methods One-hundred smokers and 100 non-tobacco users were selected as case and control groups, respectively. A questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data and smoking habits. A previously used questionnaire about dry mouth was also employed. Then, after a careful oral examination, subjects’ whole saliva was collected in the resting condition. Data was analyzed by chi-square test using SPSS 15. Results The mean (±SD) salivary flow rate were 0.38 (± 0.13) ml/min in smokers and 0.56 (± 0.16) ml/min in non-smokers. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.00001). Also, 39% of smokers and 12% of non-smokers reported experiencing at least one xerostomia symptom, with statistically significant difference between groups (p=0.0001). Oral lesions including cervical caries, gingivitis, tooth mobility, calculus and halitosis were significantly higher in smokers. Conclusion Our findings indicated that long-term smoking would significantly reduce SFR and increase oral and dental disorders associated with dry mouth, especially cervical caries, gingivitis, tooth mobility, calculus, and halitosis.
Image contrast enhancement based on the generalized histogram

We present an adaptive contrast enhancement method based on the generalized histogram, which is obtained by relaxing the restriction of using the integer count. For each pixel, the integer count 1 allocated to a pixel is split into the fractional count and the remainder count. The generalized histogram is generated by accu- mulating the fractional count for each intensity level and distributing the remainder count uniformly throughout the intensity levels. The intensity mapping function, which determines the contrast gain for each intensity level, is derived from the generalized histogram. Since only the fractional part of the count allocated to each pixel is used for increasing the contrast gain of its intensity level, the amount of contrast enhancement is adjusted by varying the frac- tional count according to regional characteristics. The proposed scheme produces visually more pleasing results than the conven- tional histogram equalization. © 2007 SPIE and IS&T. proposed by modifying the histogram. 4-16 Unlike these conventional methods, which generate the mapping func- tions based on the histogram, we introduce a new contrast enhancement method based on the generalized histogram by relaxing the restriction of using the integer count of the histogram. In generating the generalized histogram, the count allocated to each pixel is split into the fractional count and the remainder count. Then the generalized histo- gram is obtained by accumulating the fractional count for each intensity level and distributing the remainder count uniformly over the intensity levels. From the viewpoint of contrast enhancement, increasing the occurrence of an in- tensity level means increasing the contrast gain of that in- tensity level. In the generalized histogram, the fractional count instead of the whole integer count 1 is used for in- creasing the contrast gain, so that the amount of contrast enhancement can be controlled. By adjusting the value of the fractional count according to the regional characteristics and user's requirement, the desirable contrast gain can be realized from the generalized histogram. Therefore, the pro- posed method that uses the generalized histogram in gener- ating the mapping function can give visually more pleasing results than the conventional local histogram equalization. This paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, the intensity mapping is described using the contrast gain func- tion and the local histogram equalization method is re- viewed in this framework. In Section 3, we introduce the generalized histogram, which replaces the conventional his- togram in the procedure of generating the mapping func- tion, and propose a scheme that generates the fractional count for each pixel according to its regional characteristics and user's requirement. In Section 4, we present the experi- mental results. Finally, Section 5 gives our conclusion.
Thermal combination therapies for local drug delivery by magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound

Significance MRI-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) is noninvasive technology able to focally heat tumor tissue from hyperthermic up to ablative temperatures. Although ablative temperatures can be used to destroy cancerous tissue directly, adequate ablation of tumor margins is often impossible due to the vicinity of vital structures, leaving a potential source for local recurrence. Another therapeutic option in oncology is hyperthermia-triggered local drug delivery using MR-HIFU in combination with temperature-sensitive liposomes (TSLs). In this study, we compare different MR-HIFU treatment schemes comprising ablation and hyperthermia-triggered drug delivery with respect to drug distribution and therapeutic efficacy. We show that a combination protocol of hyperthermia-induced drug delivery followed by ablation resulted in a homogeneous drug distribution and the highest therapeutic effect. Several thermal-therapy strategies such as thermal ablation, hyperthermia-triggered drug delivery from temperature-sensitive liposomes (TSLs), and combinations of the above were investigated in a rhabdomyosarcoma rat tumor model (n = 113). Magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) was used as a noninvasive heating device with precise temperature control for image-guided drug delivery. For the latter, TSLs were prepared, coencapsulating doxorubicin (dox) and [Gd(HPDO3A)(H2O)], and injected in tumor-bearing rats before MR-HIFU treatment. Four treatment groups were defined: hyperthermia, ablation, hyperthermia followed by ablation, or no HIFU. The intratumoral TSL and dox distribution were analyzed by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT), autoradiography, and fluorescence microscopy. Dox biodistribution was quantified and compared with that of nonliposomal dox. Finally, the treatment efficacy of all heating strategies plus additional control groups (saline, free dox, and Caelyx) was assessed by tumor growth measurements. All HIFU heating strategies combined with TSLs resulted in cellular uptake of dox deep into the interstitial space and a significant increase of tumor drug concentrations compared with a treatment with free dox. Ablation after TSL injection showed [Gd(HPDO3A)(H2O)] and dox release along the tumor rim, mirroring the TSL distribution pattern. Hyperthermia either as standalone treatment or before ablation ensured homogeneous TSL, [Gd(HPDO3A)(H2O)], and dox delivery across the tumor. The combination of hyperthermia-triggered drug delivery followed by ablation showed the best therapeutic outcome compared with all other treatment groups due to direct induction of thermal necrosis in the tumor core and efficient drug delivery to the tumor rim.
Mobile App Privacy Compliance : Automated Technology to Help Regulators , App Stores and Developers

The copyright is held by the author/owner. Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee. Poster presented at the 13th Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2017). Abstract Mobile apps have to satisfy various privacy requirements. Notably, app publishers are often obligated to provide a privacy policy and notify users of their apps’ privacy practices. But how can a user tell whether an app behaves as its policy promises? In this study we are introducing a scalable system to analyze and predict Android apps’ compliance with privacy requirements. We report on our collaboration with three regulatory agencies. We present analysis results for 17,991 apps. We expect to soon be able to support app store-wide analysis (i.e., over a million apps) and to track changes in non-compliant behavior over time. Beyond its use by regulators and activists our technology is also intended to assist app developers and app store owners in their internal assessments of privacy requirement compliance.
Preventing Childhood Anxiety Disorders

Although much has been written about the need for prevention of anxiety disorders in children, there has been a marked absence of empirical research to evaluate the effectiveness of such programs. This paper suggests that there is now sufficient evidence to identify risk and protective factors for the development of childhood anxiety disorders. Early childhood temperament, negative life events, and children's coping styles are suggested to play a significant role. Acting in association with these variables are parental behaviours that serve to model, prompt, and reinforce anxious behaviour and emphasise the threatening nature of events. Our knowledge of these causal variables enables us to identify children at risk for the development of anxiety problems and highlights variables that should be targets of change in prevention programs. Indicated prevention is designed to disrupt the trajectory towards the development of clinical levels of psychological disorder. This paper describes an “indicated” preventive program for children identified as being at risk for the development of anxiety disorders given evidence of mild anxious symptomatology.
ISCAS in Opinion Analysis Pilot Task: Experiments with sentimental dictionary based classifier and CRF model

The paper presents our work in the opinion pilot task in NTCIR6 in Chinese. In extracting opinion holders, we applied Conditional Random Field (CRF) model to find the opinion holders as a sequential labeling task, while in determining the subjectivity and the polarity, we adopted a simple empirical algorithms based on the sentimental dictionary to discriminate the subjective sentences from the objective ones and suggest their polarities. Besides the features used in the CRF model and the detailed specification in the machine learning system, the evaluation results and the error analysis will also be presented. Keyword: opinion analysis, Conditional Random Field, sentimental dictionary based classifier.
EVALUASI KESUKSESAN “SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN (SIM-RS) PADA RUMAH SAKIT JIWA MENUR SURABAYA” MENGGUNAKAN INFORMATION SYSTEM SUCCESS MODEL (ISSM)

Rumah Sakit Jiwa Menur menerapkan teknologi informasi untuk membantu jalannya proses bisnis rumah sakit dan meningkatkan kinerja pegawai dalam pelayanan terhadap pasien. Teknologi informasi tersebut dikenal dengan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Rumah Sakit (SIM-RS) dan menggunakan jasa pihak ketiga. Pihak tersebut menyesuaikan sistem ke dalam proses bisnis penerimaan pasien dari administrasi, pelaporan dan pembayaran (billing) yang dijalankan oleh 40 pegawai atau responden dari penelitian ini. Sistem informasi manajemen rumah sakit (SIM-RS) sudah diimplementasikan tapi masih belum optimal, sehingga butuh evaluasi untuk mengetahui kesuksesan implementasi. Oleh karena itu, tujuan tugas akhir ini untuk mengetahui kesuksesan SIM-RS. Model kesuksesan yang digunakan dalam penelitain ini adalah information system success model (ISSM) dan mengetahui faktor-faktor kesuksesan yang dimilikinya. Untuk proses analisis data responden menggunakan alat bantu SPSS dilakukan untuk uji validitas, reliabilitas, dan linieritas dari tiap indikator. Sedangkan uji hipotesis penelitian menggunakan metode SEM-GSCA diterapkan kedalam ISSM dan telah disesuaikan dengan studi kasus penelitan. Hasil tugas akhir ini diketahui nilai model penelitian cukup baik dengan nilai 56,7% dan hanya satu hipotesis penelitian yang diterima. Hipotesis tersebut menyatakan peningkatan niat pengguna aplikasi SIM-RS akan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap net benefit (manfaat) untuk keefektifan dan efisiensi implementasi teknologi informasi. Peningkatan niat pengguna ditingkatkan melalui kualitas sistem (system quality) dalam proses atau respon sistem terhadap input data yang cepat agar tidak menghambat proses bisnis rumah sakit jiwa menur surabaya.
Talking About Change: An Analysis of Participative Discourse Amongst IT Operations Personnel

This paper presents some findings from a longitudinal study of the discourse of Operations personnel in a university Information Technology Centre (ITC). The study uses a four dimensional concept of discourse to examine the complex relationship between the discourse and the wider organisational context. The use of language characteristic of participatory design has been identified in this study as metaphorical, and appropriated by a drive towards increased management control. This paper suggests that in order to understand the nature of change management in an IT organisation, the relationship between discourse and other organisational practices needs to be elucidated.
Query refinement suggestion in multimodal image retrieval with relevance feedback

In the literature, it has been shown that relevance feedback is a good strategy for the system to interact with the user and provide better results in a content-based image retrieval (CBIR) system. On the other hand, there are many retrieval systems which suggest a refinement of the query as the user types, which effectively helps the user to obtain better results with less effort. Based on these observations, in this work we propose to add a suggested query refinement as a complement in an image retrieval system with relevance feedback. Taking advantage of the nature of the relevance feedback, in which the user selects relevant images, the query suggestions are derived using this relevance information. From the results of an evaluation performed, it can be said that this type of query suggestion is a very good enhancement to the relevance feedback scheme, and can potentially lead to better retrieval performance and less effort from the user.
An Experimental Test-Bed for Microgravity Simulation in Robotic Arm Dynamics

This paper describes an experimental testing apparatus set up by the authors in order to validate the effectiveness of the motion input pre-shaping technique for the open-loop control in microgravity environment. The system consists of a two flexible links planar manipulator suspended on special air-pads floating on a planar friction-free glass surface. Since the friction between the two pads mounted on the manipulator and the platform is reduced to almost zero, the planar dynamics of the system very closely approximates the dynamics in a microgravity environment. In order to focus on the motion inputs, the brushless motors are controlled in speed mode.
Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Infants and Toddlers

This paper presents a model for treating severely traumatized infants and toddlers based on a review of the available literature, which consists mostly of case descriptions, and on the author's experience. Involvement of the families and larger social contexts is crucial when treating infants and toddlers who have been severely traumatized. A hierarchy of eight therapeutic points is presented: (1) keep them coming to treatment, (2) safety and basic needs, (3) parent education, (4) remove reminders of the trauma, (5) provide factual, concrete information to the child, (6) basic auxiliary supports, (7) parent and family factors, and (8) individual therapy. The first seven points involve family and social systems. A case description is presented to illustrate most of these points.
Log-Domain Current-mode Quadrature Sinusoidal Oscillator

A log-domain current-mode quadrature sinusoidal oscillator based on lossless integrators is presented. Each of the log-domain lossless integrators is realized by using only 5 NPN transistors and a grounded capacitor for achieving low- power and fast response. The proposed oscillator uses a 2- lossless integrator loop which can be electronically tuned through bias current. Frequency of oscillation can be tuned over a wide-range with a low-power supply of 1.5 V which is suitable for IC production. The proposed circuit is suitable for high-frequency applications. PSpice simulation results confirm the theoretical results.
A note on the catch-up time method for estimating lead or sojourn time in prostate cancer screening

Models of cancer screening assume that cancers are detectable by screening before being diagnosed clinically through symptoms. The duration of this preclinical phase is called sojourn time, and it determines how much diagnosis might be advanced in time by the screening test (lead time). In the catch‐up time method, mean sojourn time or lead time are estimated as the time needed for cumulative incidence in an unscreened population to catch up with the detection rate (prevalence) at a first screening test. The method has been proposed as a substitute of the prevalence/incidence ratio in the case of prostate cancer where incidence cannot be treated as a constant. A model is proposed to justify this estimator. It is shown that this model is different from classic Markov‐type models developed for breast cancer screening. In both models, the catch‐up time method results in biased estimates of mean sojourn time. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment and Effects on Behavior in Switzerland The Swiss Heart Foundation HerzCheck®/Cardio-Test®

Background: “CardioTest®” is a tool for cardiovascular risk assessment. The aim of this study was to evaluate if this test used in Swiss pharmacies provides risk stratification and if it had impact on individual behaviour. Methods: Individuals were evaluated (blood pressure, body waist circumference, random blood samples and coronary artery disease risk factors). The cardiovascular risk was calculated (AGLA Risk Score (ARS) a modified PROCAM Score) and participants were informed about their result. One year after the initial testing individuals were followed up by questionnaire with respect to the action they had taken based upon the ARS results. The relation between ARS results and events during follow-up were assessed. Events were defined as cardiovascular events due to chest pain, myocardial infarction or stroke. Result: A total of 1415 individuals were contacted for follow-up, 746 (53%) with a mean age of 62.7 (±12.8) years (60% were male) returned their questionnaire. The cardiovascular risk throughout the study-population turned out to be low: 73.9% had a low ARS <10%, 21.7% an intermediate ARS 10-20% and 4.4% had a high ARS >20%. Significantly more participants with ARS >20% consulted their family doctor (46.2%) than those with ARS 10-20% (25.2%) and ARS <10% (10.4%), respectively (p<0,01 for both comparisons). Sixty-four individuals (9%) suffered a cardiovascular event. The event rates increased as a function of ARS. Conclusion: The overall cardiovascular risk of individuals participating in a pharmacy based risk assessment program seems to be low. CardioTest ® provided risk stratification with respect to future cardio-vascular events. CardioTest ® seems to have impact on individual behavior and lifestyle modification. Other settings and locations for screening might be considered to reach higher risk individuals at an earlier stage.
Absolute pitch.

Absolute pitch (AP) is the ability to identify a tone's pitch or to produce a tone at a particular pitch without the use of an external reference pitch. AP exists in varying degrees among people generally described as AP possessors. AP possessors vary not only in the accuracy with which they can identify pitches but also in their ability to produce pitches absolutely and in their ability to identify tones of various timbers and in various pitch registers. AP possessors' memory for pitches is mediated by verbal pitch names; they do not have superior memory for pitches per se. Although the etiology of AP is not yet completely understood, evidence points toward the early-learning theory. This theory states that AP can be learned by anyone during a limited period early in development, up to about age 6, after which a general developmental shift from perceiving individual features to perceiving relations among features makes AP difficult or impossible to acquire.
A Case for Thermal-Aware Floorplanning at the Microarchitectural Level

In current day microprocessors, exponentially increasing power densities, leakage, cooling costs, and reliability concerns have resulted in temperature becoming a first class design constraint like performance and power. Hence, virtually every high performance microprocessor uses a combination of an elaborate thermal package and some form of Dynamic Thermal Management (DTM) scheme that adaptively controls its temperature. While DTM schemes exploit the important variable of power density to control temperature, this paper attempts to show that there is a significant peak temperature reduction potential in managing lateral heat spreading through floorplanning. It argues that this potential warrants consideration of the temperature-performance trade-off early in the design stage at the microarchitectural level using floorplanning. As a demonstration, it uses previously proposed wire delay model and floorplanning algorithm based on simulated annealing to present a profile-driven, thermal-aware floorplanning scheme that significantly reduces peak processor temperature with minimal performance impact that is quite competitive with DTM.