Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is Motor Learning Mediated by tDCS Intensity?

Although tDCS has been shown to improve motor learning, previous studies reported rather small effects. Since physiological effects of tDCS depend on intensity, the present study evaluated this parameter in order to enhance the effect of tDCS on skill acquisition. The effect of different stimulation intensities of anodal tDCS (atDCS) was investigated in a double blind, sham controlled crossover design. In each condition, thirteen healthy subjects were instructed to perform a unimanual motor (sequence) learning task. Our results showed (1) a significant increase in the slope of the learning curve and (2) a significant improvement in motor performance at retention for 1.5 mA atDCS as compared to sham tDCS. No significant differences were reported between 1 mA atDCS and sham tDCS; and between 1.5 mA atDCS and 1 mA atDCS.
On the Calculation of Full and Partial Directivity Indices

A set of metrics is presented which quantifies, using measured power spectra, the directivity of a loudspeaker, relative either to the full sphere or to a given hemisphere, plane, or half-plane. The former, called the directivity index (DI), is a commonly-used metric, but is only defined for complete sets of measurements. The latter metrics, called partial directivity indices, extend the definition of the DI to isolate sections of the loudspeaker’s radiation pattern (e.g., forward radiation alone) and quantify its directivity over those sections. In general, all DI spectra are given by the ratio between the on-axis power spectrum and a weighted average of a certain subset of power spectra. For the spherical and hemispherical cases, each weight is proportional to the surface area of the portion of the unit sphere represented by the corresponding measurement, whereas for the planar cases, each weight is proportional to the arc length of the corresponding portion of the unit circle. In this document, the partial directivity indices are defined and the relevant formulae needed to compute them are provided.
Mental adjustment to cancer and quality of life in breast cancer patients: An exploratory study

This study explores the relationship between adjustment to cancer and quality of life in a sample of 68 newly diagnosed non‐metastatic breast cancer patients. Responses were assessed on three occasions following communication of the diagnosis and included the Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) scale, a measure of denial and a Spanish quality of life questionnaire for breast cancer patients. Appropriate medical variables were considered and included in the analysis. MAC subscales showed adequate internal consistency; nevertheless, there was overlap between subscales and a second order factorial analysis suggested that two dimensions (‘perceived threat’ and ‘perceived control’) suffice to describe mental adjustment to cancer. A strong association was found between mental adjustment to cancer and reported vague physical symptomatology at the first assessment. Older patients showed higher ‘Denial’ scores and lower scores for ‘Anxious preoccupation’. ‘Fighting spirit’ and ‘Denial’ were associated with better present and future quality of life; ‘Helpless/hopeless’, ‘Anxious preoccupation’ and ‘Fatalism’ responses were negatively correlated with well‐being. These results are discussed from a theoretical point of view.
Cannabinoid receptor 1/2 double‐knockout mice develop epilepsy

The endocannabinoid system has gained attention as an important modulator of activity in the central nervous system. Initial studies focused on cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), which is widely expressed in the brain, but recent work also implicates cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) in modulating neuronal activity. Both receptors are capable of reducing neuronal activity, generating interest in cannabinoid receptor agonists as potential anticonvulsants. CB1 (Cnr1) and CB2 (Cnr2) single‐knockout mice have been generated, with the former showing heightened seizure sensitivity, but not overt seizures. Given overlapping and complementary functions of CB1 and CB2 receptors, we queried whether double‐knockout mice would show an exacerbated neurological phenotype. Strikingly, 30% of double‐knockout mice exhibited provoked behavioral seizures, and 80% were found to be epileptic following 24/7 video‐electroencephalographic monitoring. Single‐knockout animals did not exhibit seizures. These findings highlight the importance of the endocannabinoid system for maintaining network stability.
Modeling Multiphase Flow with Phase Transitions in Porous Media

A new approach to model multiphase flow in porous media with phase appearance and disappearance is to use nonlinear complementarity constraints. In addition to the standard mass balance equations for mulitphase flow, a set of complementarity constraints are added in order to handle the phase transitions. This results in a larger system of nonlinear equations, which is non-smooth in general. The system is subsequently solved using a semi-smooth Newton method. In this project, we aim to investigate this new approach and implement it in Amanzi, which is a part of the Advanced Simulation Capability for Environmental Management (ASCEM) program.
Trauma-Informed Care: Accounting for the Interconnected Role of Spirituality and Empowerment in Mental Health Promotion

A growing body of research suggests that spirituality may serve a protective function to both men and women in the post-trauma period, but few studies have systematically examined the process through which this occurs particularly among our most vulnerable populations. This study tested a theoretical model that examines the protective roles of spirituality and personal empowerment in the relationship between childhood and adulthood experiences of violence and mental health/well-being. The results of this study reinforce the need to develop trauma-informed practice protocols that incorporate spirituality. We discuss the implications of these findings for chaplain/spiritual care providers and health service delivery and management.
Adaptive estimation of EEG-rhythms for event classification

Current Brain computer interface (BCI) utilize electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythms associated with movement/ function to generate control signals. The amplitude of mu rhythm varies when the subject is not moving or not imagining and attenuates when the subject is moving or imagines movement. The classification of events is generally performed in frequency domain using fast Fourier transform (FFT) to compute band power. This papers aims to develop an alternative time-domain analysis by estimation of bandlimited signals through adaptive filtering. The design methodology estimates bandlimited signals through multiple fourier series there by estimating the individual components of frequency weights through LMS algorithm. The knowledge of individual frequency components in time-domain provides useful insight into the classification process of EEG. Instead of using the band-power, this paper analyzes the usage of frequency weights to determine the optimum band for a subject. Study is conducted on 3 subjects for optimum band selection and classification.
In Search of Suitable Fuzzy Membership Function in Prediction of Time Series Data

Many researchers have used fuzzy logic system to predict the time series data. In fuzzy system, the crisp data are converting into fuzzy data based on membership function. The futuristic data is predicted using previous data and fuzzy relation. But, in fuzzy system, there are many existing and derived membership functions which are used to fuzzify data. In this paper, an effort has been made to predict the time series data based on different fuzzy membership functions like Gaussian, Triangular, S-function, trapezoidal, Gbell, Dsigmoidal, Psigmoidal and Pi-shaped. A comparison has been made among the predicted data using different membership functions. One membership function has been selected based on minimum error in prediction of data. This process has been repeated on fifteen time series data sets. Finally, one membership function has been selected which has given minimum error in maximum cases.
Graduate Recruitment and Selection in Australia

Through a national survey of graduate recruitment coordinators, this study identified current recruitment and selection practices in Australia. Respondents (n=50) were mostly from private industry with about a third from the government sector, the full range of industry sectors was represented. Respondents were asked about the management of recruitment activities, methods used to communicate recruiting information, and the perceived accuracy of recruitment information. Information was also sought about the extent that job analyses were used, type of selection practices used, how applicant information was verified, the training and selection of interviewers and the effectiveness of recruitment activities. Descriptive statistics were used to provide a summary of the findings. A regression analysis was used to examine predictors of (a) recruiting effectiveness, (b) acceptance rates, and (c) unfilled vacancies. The results were compared with other studies of recruitment and selection. Future research and practical applications were discussed.
Visualizing hepatitis C virus infections in human liver by two-photon microscopy.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Although hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer, efforts to understand the pathogenesis of HCV infection have been limited by the low abundance of viral proteins expressed within the liver, which hinders the detection of infected cells in situ. This study evaluated the ability of advanced optical imaging techniques to determine the extent and distribution of HCV-infected cells within the liver. METHODS We combined 2-photon microscopy with virus-specific, fluorescent, semiconductor quantum dot probes to determine the proportion of hepatocytes that were infected with virus in frozen sections of liver tissue obtained from patients with chronic HCV infection. RESULTS Viral core and nonstructural protein 3 antigens were detected readily in liver tissues from patients with chronic infection without confounding tissue autofluorescence. Specificity was confirmed by blocking with specific antibodies and by tissue colocalization of distinct viral antigens. Between 7% and 20% of hepatocytes were infected in patients with plasma viral RNA loads of 10(5) IU/mL or greater. Infected cells were in clusters, which suggested spread of the virus from cell to cell. Double-stranded RNA, a product of viral replication, was abundant within cells at the center of such clusters, but often scarce in cells at the periphery, consistent with more recent infection of cells at the periphery. CONCLUSIONS Two-photon microscopy provides unprecedented sensitivity for the detection of HCV proteins and double-stranded RNA. Studies using this technology indicate that HCV infection is a dynamic process that involves a limited number of hepatocytes. HCV spread between cells is likely to be constrained by host responses.
Making decisions under increasing work load demands: the need to look ahead

The relation between decision-making performance and imposed work load is explored relative to a dynamic multitask decision problem. An experimental and analytical study shows how changes in key task parameters, such as the number of concurrent tasks and the time available and/or required to process a task, affect the decision-maker's performance. The normative-descriptive multitask decision model (MTDM), based on modern control and estimation techniques and probabilistic theories of individual choice behavior, is used to predict human information processing and decision-making in the dynamic multitask environment. Incorporation of the ability to look ahead in formulating the subjective expected value of the net worth of acting on a particular task for a given processing time is shown to be a key feature of the modeling approach. <<ETX>>
Fragmentation of spinning branes

The near-horizon geometries of spinning D3-, M2- and M5-branes are examined by the probes immersed in a co-rotating frame. It is found that the geometries become unstable at critical values of the spin angular velocity by emitting the branes. We show that this instability corresponds to the metastability of the black hole systems and different from the known (local) thermodynamic instability. For the D3 case, the instability found here is in complete agreement with the known metastability of the super-Yang–Mills theory with R-symmetry chemical potentials.
The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor KRP2 Controls the Onset of the Endoreduplication Cycle during Arabidopsis Leaf Development through Inhibition of Mitotic CDKA;1 Kinase Complexesw⃞

Exit from the mitotic cell cycle and initiation of cell differentiation frequently coincides with the onset of endoreduplication, a modified cell cycle during which DNA continues to be duplicated in the absence of mitosis. Although the mitotic cell cycle and the endoreduplication cycle share much of the same machinery, the regulatory mechanisms controlling the transition between both cycles remain poorly understood. We show that the A-type cyclin-dependent kinase CDKA;1 and its specific inhibitor, the Kip-related protein, KRP2 regulate the mitosis-to-endocycle transition during Arabidopsis thaliana leaf development. Constitutive overexpression of KRP2 slightly above its endogenous level only inhibited the mitotic cell cycle–specific CDKA;1 kinase complexes, whereas the endoreduplication cycle-specific CDKA;1 complexes were unaffected, resulting in an increase in the DNA ploidy level. An identical effect on the endoreduplication cycle could be observed by overexpressing KRP2 exclusively in mitotically dividing cells. In agreement with a role for KRP2 as activator of the mitosis-to-endocycle transition, KRP2 protein levels were more abundant in endoreduplicating than in mitotically dividing tissues. We illustrate that KRP2 protein abundance is regulated posttranscriptionally through CDK phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation. KRP2 phosphorylation by the mitotic cell cycle–specific CDKB1;1 kinase suggests a mechanism in which CDKB1;1 controls the level of CDKA;1 activity through regulating KRP2 protein abundance. In accordance with this model, KRP2 protein levels increased in plants with reduced CDKB1;1 activity. Moreover, the proposed model allowed a dynamical simulation of the in vivo observations, validating the sufficiency of the regulatory interactions between CDKA;1, KRP2, and CDKB1;1 in fine-tuning the mitosis-to-endocycle transition.
Nasalized Fricatives in Coatzospan Mixtec

L'A. enquete sur la possibilite de l'existence de la nasalisation en mixtec coatzospan, langue oto-mangue parlee dans le sud du Mexique. Un corpus de donnees recueilli dans cette region lui fournit la preuve de l'existence de ces fricatives nasalisees et voisees. Une telle decouverte est importante, dans la mesure ou elle ajoute une preuve de plus aux hypotheses sur les possibilites universelles de la nasalisation. Ensuite, elle previent contre les limites d'une transcription seule et met en evidence la necessite d'incorporer la technologie dans la tâche de documentation linguistique.
Special Section Introduction - Online Community as Space for Knowledge Flows

Online communities frequently create significant economic and relational value for community participants and beyond. It is widely accepted that the underlying source of such value is the collective flow of knowledge among community participants. We distinguish the conditions for flows of tacit and explicit knowledge in online communities and advance an unconventional theoretical conjecture: Online communities give rise to tacit knowledge flows between participants. The crucial condition for these flows is not the advent of novel, digital technology as often portrayed in the literature, but instead the technology’s domestication by humanity and the sociality it affords. This conjecture holds profound implications for theory and research in the study of management and organization, as well as their relation to information technology.
What is Recurrent Education

Terminology The term "recurrent education" has been in use for over six years. (1) Nonetheless, there is still insufficient clarity about the concept, or the term, both among those to whom it is addressed, namely the entire adolescent and adult population, and within the professional discipline of pedagogy.
The effect of a running intervention on running ability and participation in children with cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate effects of a running intervention on running ability and participation in children with cerebral palsy. Materials and method: Children with cerebral palsy (9–18 years) with Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I-III were randomly assigned to a 12-week running intervention or usual care. Primary outcomes included improvement in running ability (assessed by Goal Attainment Scaling, high level mobility (assessed by the High-Level Mobility Assessment Tool) and participation (assessed by the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth). Secondary outcomes were aerobic and anaerobic fitness and agility. Blinded assessments took place at baseline and 12 weeks. Regression analysis adjusting for baseline differences was used to determine between group differences. Results: Forty-two participants (mean age 12.5 years, SD 2.8 years; 15 female) completed the study. Statistically significant group differences at 12-weeks were found for improvements in running ability (86% treatment group versus 0% control group achieved or exceeded their running goals, p < 0.001), and participation in the school environment (Participation and Environment Measure mean difference 1.18: 95%CI 1.00–1.39, p = 0.045). Conclusion: A 12-week individualized running training skills intervention results in achievement of running ability goals and participation in the school environment in children with cerebral palsy. Implications for Rehabilitation Children with cerebral palsy who can walk unaided demonstrate impairments in higher level mobility such as running. Running is a motor skill that can be trained in children with cerebral palsy. Individually tailored running skills intervention, delivered in a group context can improve goal-identified running ability and translate into a higher frequency of participation in school activities.
Mutation in the polyomavirus genome that activates the properties of large T associated with neoplastic transformation

We have constructed a polyomavirus mutant genome which exhibits an increased immortalization potential when transfected into primary rat embryo fibroblasts. The mutation is a 30-base-pair deletion (nucleotides 1367 through 1396) that inactivates the transforming potential of middle T but activates some of the properties of large T associated with neoplastic transformation. Unlike the wild-type large T, the mutant large T can fully complement polyoma middle T in the tumorigenic process in vivo as well as in the transformation of primary cells in vitro. The activity of the mutant can be explained by its inability to replicate in cells and, hence, its inability to exert a cytopathic effect after gene transfer at high multiplicity. A recombinant which encodes the middle and small T antigens, but not the large T antigen, can also elicit a fully transformed phenotype when introduced into primary rat fibroblasts. These results confirm previous observations from this laboratory indicating that two, and not three, viral gene functions are required for polyomavirus-mediated oncogenic transformation.
Analysis of Average Travel Time for Stateless Opportunistic Routing Techniques

Wireless network applications, such as, searching, routing, self stabilization and query processing can be modeled as random walks on graphs. Stateless Opportunistic routing technique is a robust distributed routing technique based on random walk approach, where nodes transfer the packets to one of their direct neighbors uniformly, until the packets reach their destinations. Simplicity in execution, fault tolerance, low overhead and robustness to topology changes made it more suitable to wireless sensor networks scenarios. But the main disadvantage of stateless opportunistic routing is estimating and studying the effect of network parameters on the packet latency. In this work, we derived the analytical expressions for mean latency or average packet travel time for r-nearest neighbor cycle, r-nearest neighbor torus networks. Further, we derived the generalized expression for mean latency for m-dimensional r- nearest neighbor torus networks and studied the effect of number of nodes, nearest neighbors and network dimension on average packet travel time.
Chemotherapeutic Properties of Naturally Occurring Stilbene Polyphenol-Resveratrol

: Stilbenes are low molecular weight polyphenols found in many plant species as plant antibiotics and produced in response to infection or stress as plant protectants. Many naturally occurring stilbene compounds like resveratrol (3,5,4‘ trihydroxystilbene) has multi-functional effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and cardio-protectant and recent studies focused on its positive effect on age related infertility problems. It increases vasorelaxation, lowers cholesterol, improves RBC deformability, activates potassium channels, positive effect on myocardial remodeling and inhibits platelet aggregation. Res involves in the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases by elevating proteoglycan level. Resveratrol activates anti-aging genes and extends life span in lower organisms. It is also known to exert nueroprotective property. This review article mainly focused on the therapeutic properties of stilbenes, such as resveratrol .
Effects of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions on frequency discrimination

When an external tone is presented in proximity to the frequency of a spontaneous otoacoustic emission (SOAE), the SOAE typically synchronizes to the external tone, a phenomenon known as "entrainment". As the tone moves further away from the SOAE frequency, beating patterns between the SOAE and the pure tone occur (Long, Hear. Res. 119, 1998). This study investigated perceptual consequences of SOAE beating and entrainment on the frequency difference limen (FDL), which has been found to improve near an SOAE. SOAE entrainment patterns were obtained for six subjects with a strong SOAE in the ipsilateral ear and no SOAE in the corresponding frequency range of the contralateral ear. Hearing thresholds and FDLs were measured ipsi- and contralaterally for nine frequencies covering the entrainment and beating regions of the SOAE. FDLs systematically improved in the entrainment region, worsened when beating occurred, and improved again for frequencies further away from the SOAE. No improvement in FDL was found in any of the contralateral ears tested, suggesting that the effect is of peripheral, rather than of central, origin. The results contradict an earlier hypothesis stating that FDL performance near SOAE frequencies is governed by a central oversensitivity to the SOAE frequency.
Cyclolinopeptides and their analogs--a new family of peptide immunosuppressants affecting the calcineurin system.

The results of the investigation of immunosuppressive activity of cyclolinopeptide A (CLA--cyclic hydrophobic nonapeptide present in the linseeds) and its analogs are discussed. The results obtained for other natural cyclic peptides showing structural similarities with CLA (antamanide, cycloamanides, hymenistatin, hymenamides) are also reviewed. It results from these investigations that the molecular mechanism of the CLA action is the same as that of cyclosporin A and FK-506 compound, i.e. it consists in formation of the complex with cyclophilin and inhibition--in this form--of the phosphatase activity of calcineurin. The results also suggest that the immunosuppressive activity of these compounds resides in their--Pro-Xxx-Phe- fragment, where Xxx is a hydrophobic (e.g. Leu, Val) or aromatic amino acid residue.