Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of temperature effect on ultracapacitor ageing

Reliability is the key issue concerning ultracapacitor applications. In several power applications ultracapacitors are charged and discharged at high current which causes ultracapacitors heating. This paper presents ultracapacitor ageing according to the temperature. To investigate this effect, a test bench of accelerated ageing of ultracapacitor is carried out. Experimental tests are realized at constant temperature when the ultracapacitors are polarized at the maximum voltage. To quantify the ultracapacitor ageing, the equivalent series resistance (ESR) and the equivalent capacitance (Cequi) are measured using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The cause of this ageing is the degradation of the electrolyte and the activated carbon. The electrolyte decomposes during the oxydoreduction phenomena which creates by-products. This degradation leads to an increase of the Equivalent Series Resistance. These by-products deteriorate also the surface of the activated carbon which generates the reduction in the capacitance. After these tests, the ultracapacitor lifetime is obtained versus temperature for the fixed voltage. With the use of the law of Arrhenius the ultracapacitor lifetime is generalized at all the temperatures but always for an extreme voltage which is the nominal voltage of the component. Finally, other tests on various ultracapacitors are made to generalize the lifetime of the ultracapacitor according to the temperature.
Include me in your Facebook : relationship awareness on Facebook influences romantic partners’ relationship satisfaction and perceived partner commitment

7 Include Me in Your Facebook: Relationship awareness on Facebook influences Romantic Partners’ Relationship Satisfaction and Perceived Partner Commitment . 9 Relationship Awareness in Romantic Relationship . 11 Relationship Thinking . 12 Relationship Talking . 14 Relationship Awareness and Relationship Satisfaction in Face-to-Face communication . 15 Relationship Awareness on Facebook . 17 Features of Facebook Communication . 18 Characteristics of Relationship Awareness on Facebook . 19 Major Manifestations of Relationship Awareness on Facebook . 20 Dyadic photo as a profile picture . 21 Partnered relationship status on Facebook profile . 21 Tagging partner in status updates . 22 Facebook Cues of Relationship Awareness Enhance Partners’ Relationship Satisfaction. 22 Relationship Awareness on Facebook and Perceived Partner Commitment . 24 Relationship awareness on Facebook as partner commitment . 26 Significance of the Present Thesis . 28 Study Overview and Hypotheses . 30 RELATIONSHIP AWARENESS ON FACEBOOK 4 Chapter I: Field Study . 32 Study 1 . 34 Method . 34 Data Analysis . 35 Results . 35 Discussion . 36 Chapter II: Effects of Imagined Relationship Awareness on Facebook on Partner’s Relationship Satisfaction . 37 Study 2 . 39 Method . 39 Participants . 39 Procedure and measures . 39 Results . 41 Effect of imaged Facebook activity on relationship satisfaction and perceived partner commitment . 41 Mediation effect of perceived partner commitment . 42 Discussion . 43 Chapter III: Manipulation of Perceived Partner Commitment on Facebook . 46 Study 3: Pretest . 46 Method . 47 Participants . 47 Procedure and measures . 47 Results . 48 Study 3: Main Study . 48 Method . 48 RELATIONSHIP AWARENESS ON FACEBOOK 5 Participants . 48 Mock Facebook page . 49 Procedure and measures . 50 Results . 52 Discussion . 52 Chapter IV: Changes in Relationship Awareness via Profile Pictures . 54 Study 4 . 56 Method . 56 Participants . 56 Procedure and measures . 57 Results . 58 Discussion . 60 General Discussion . 62 Summary of Results . 62 Theoretical Implications . 64 Novel Understanding of Relationship Awareness on Facebook . 64 The Positive Effect of Facebook on Romantic Relationships . 67 Interpersonal Perception in Romantic Relationships . 68 Practical Implications . 70 Limitations and Future Research . 71 Conclusion . 78 Reference . 79 Footnote . 98 Figures . 99 Figure 1 . 99 RELATIONSHIP AWARENESS ON FACEBOOK 6 Figure 2 . 100 Figure 3 . 101 Figure 4 . 102 Figure 5 . 103 Tables . 104 Table 1 . 104 Table 2 . 105 Appendices . 106 Appendix A . 106 Appendix B . 107 Appendix C . 108 App
Unique Cell Adhesion and Invasion Properties of Yersinia enterocolitica O:3, the Most Frequent Cause of Human Yersiniosis

Many enteric pathogens are equipped with multiple cell adhesion factors which are important for host tissue colonization and virulence. Y. enterocolitica, a common food-borne pathogen with invasive properties, uses the surface proteins invasin and YadA for host cell binding and entry. In this study, we demonstrate unique cell adhesion and invasion properties of Y. enterocolitica serotype O:3 strains, the most frequent cause of human yersiniosis, and show that these differences are mainly attributable to variations affecting the function and expression of invasin in response to temperature. In contrast to other enteric Yersinia strains, invasin production in O:3 strains is constitutive and largely enhanced compared to other Y. enterocolitica serotypes, in which invA expression is temperature-regulated and significantly reduced at 37°C. Increase of invasin levels is caused by (i) an IS1667 insertion into the invA promoter region, which includes an additional promoter and RovA and H-NS binding sites, and (ii) a P98S substitution in the invA activator protein RovA rendering the regulator less susceptible to proteolysis. Both variations were shown to influence bacterial colonization in a murine infection model. Furthermore, we found that co-expression of YadA and down-regulation of the O-antigen at 37°C is required to allow efficient internalization by the InvA protein. We conclude that even small variations in the expression of virulence factors can provoke a major difference in the virulence properties of closely related pathogens which may confer better survival or a higher pathogenic potential in a certain host or host environment.
Priority in DBMS Resource Scheduling

In this paper, we address the problem of priority scheduling in a database management system. We start by investigating the architectural consequences of adding priority to a DBMS. Specific priority-based schemes are then proposed for managing DBMS resources. including a priority-based diik scheduling algorithm and two approaches to adding priority to the buffer manager of a DBMS. We study the performance of our proposals through simulation, both individually and in combination. Our simulation results indicate that the objectives of priority scheduling cannot be met by a single priority-based scheduler. They show that, regardless of whether the system bottleneck is the CPU or the diik, priority scheduling on the critical re.som must be complemented by a priority-based buffer management policy.
Role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation in rats

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that reportedly counteracts the anti-inflammatory effect of endogenous glucocorticoids. There have only been a few reports that demonstrate a potential link between MIF and bronchial asthma. In an attempt to further clarify the precise role of MIF in asthma, the present authors examined the effect of anti-MIF antibody (Ab) on airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in an ovalbumin-immunised rat asthma model. Actively immunised Brown Norway rats received ovalbumin inhalation with or without treatment of anti-MIF Ab. The levels of MIF in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly elevated after the ovalbumin challenge. An immunohistochemical study revealed positive immunostaining for MIF in bronchial epithelium, even in nonsensitised rats, and the MIF staining in bronchial epithelium was enhanced after the ovalbumin challenge. Anti-MIF Ab significantly decreased the number of total cells, neutrophils and eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the ovalbumin-challenged rats, and also attenuated the ovalbumin-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to ovalbumin and methacholine. However, anti-MIF Ab did not affect the level of serum ovalbumin-specific IgE, suggesting that anti-MIF Ab did not suppress immunisation itself. The results indicate that macrophage migration inhibitory factor plays a crucial role in airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma.
Collaborative Mobile Application and Advanced Services for Smart Parking

The main reason of wasting time in search of free parking spaces is the lack of information, in particular for open/roadside parking availability. Various ICT-based solutions have been proposed to solve this issue, but still suffering from limited integration among each other and with external online services, such as touristic information services. In this paper we illustrate a modular, service-oriented smart parking system, which includes web applications for parking operators and end users, as well as mobile applications for end users and parking controllers. The proposed system allows (1) operators to draw parking areas and define their details, (2) end users to be guided to the most suitable parking area, with also the indication of points of interest, and (3) controllers to monitor all vehicles that have been parked in their area. Another important feature is the possibility for end users to share their knowledge about parking occupancy, which is very useful when a parking area is not provided with precise availability counters. The smart parking system has been successfully evaluated in our Campus.
Perceptual Grouping of Contour Segments Using Markov Random Fields

The aim of this work is to exploit regular structure in a scene by using the gestalt laws of perception in the field of computer vision. The statistical result of a hand labelled training set is employed to derive ‘‘Areas of perceptual attentiveness’’. Grouping hypotheses are thus generated based on local evidence. To judge these hypotheses in a more global context a Markov random field is used. The approach is contour-based and different types of grouping hypotheses define a hierarchy according to their growing complexity.
A study on the robust stability of multirate systems

This paper studies the stability robustness of a multirate system where sensing data are obtained n (n > 1 is an integer) times slower than the control variables are updated. The robust controller is designed for such systems by using the Hinfin technique. The procedure to check the robust stability of the controlled system is presented; and an illustrative example is given to show the effects of the value n on the robust stability of the system with the designed Hinfin controller.
Comparison of Normal and Abnormal Conditions in ECG Using RR Variablity and Spectral Density

Abnormality of the heart is monitored by Electrocardiograph (ECG). The ECG waveform is formed of PQRS pattern. Differentiation of the abnormalities based on the ECG signal is simple algorithm for diagnosis. ECG data of normal, atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure is obtained from a authorized database. R peak from the QRS complex is detected using Pan-Tompkins algorithm for analysis. Mean RR and heart rate variability parameters are extracted from the QRS complex detected. With these results, the difference in the three ECG signals can be determined. For further detailed comparison, frequency component variation is analysed using power spectral density. Based on density spectrum, the differentiation of normal and abnormal ECG signals can be determined.
A qualitative description of mothers' experiences breastfeeding a child with tongue-tie

Tongue-tie is characterized by an abnormally tight, short, and thick lingual frenulum restricting the tongue’s movement. This functional impairment can hinder a child’s ability to maintain an effective latch and suckle, and may lead to complex breastfeeding difficulties. This qualitative research study focused on exploring the experiences of mothers who have breastfed or attempted to breastfeed a baby with tongue-tie, including how it affected their emotional well-being, relationships and future feeding practices, and to explore their perceptions of the healthcare received and the effect of the tongue-tie release. A qualitative description study design was used. Two focus group sessions were conducted with a total of nine participants. Content analysis using constant comparison revealed a common story of struggle between the expectations of the mothers and their actual experiences of feeding a child with tongue-tie. The themes that emerged were emotional well-being, lack of priority for the breastfeeding relationship, lack of systemic support for tongue-tie, strain on relationships, and the mothers’ perception of the child’s experience pre and post tongue-tie release.
Not so fast my friend: Is near-threshold computing the answer for power reduction of wireless devices?

In addition to battery life, power is limiting the performance, feature set, and form factor of most mobile communication devices. Many advanced low power techniques have been developed to deal with the problem, however, the cost of these techniques in terms of area, time to market, and quality has to be traded off against the power savings of each. Near threshold Computing (NTC) is a good example of this. NTC is showing great promise as a technique to extend battery life through optimizing energy efficiency. However, the end-user's overall experience is still the most important metric and that experience is influenced by performance, response time and battery life; not to mention price. Therefore NTC is limited in its impact to certain mobile products and applications after all the tradeoffs have been considered.
Novel Action of Carotenoids on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Macrophage Polarization and Liver Homeostasis

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. It is characterized by a wide spectrum of hepatic changes, which may progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. NAFLD is considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome; however, mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of NAFLD are still unclear. Resident and recruited macrophages are key players in the homeostatic function of the liver and in the progression of NAFLD to NASH. Progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the polarized activation of macrophages. New NAFLD therapies will likely involve modification of macrophage polarization by restraining M1 activation or driving M2 activation. Carotenoids are potent antioxidants and anti-inflammatory micronutrients that have been used to prevent and treat NAFLD. In addition to their antioxidative action, carotenoids can regulate macrophage polarization and thereby halt the progression of NASH. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of macrophage polarization and the function of liver macrophages/Kupffer cells in NAFLD. From our review, we propose that dietary carotenoids, such as β-cryptoxanthin and astaxanthin, be used to prevent or treat NAFLD through the regulation of macrophage polarization and liver homeostasis.
Collaborative Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio Networks

The fast user growth in wireless communications has created significant demands for new wireless services in both the licensed and unlicensed frequency spectra1. Recent studies show that a fixed spectrum assignment policy cannot achieve good spectrum utilization (FCC, 2005) . To address this problem, cognitive radio (CR) has been developed as a technology to facilitate the utilization of temporally idle frequency bands (commonly known as white space or spectrum holes) to increase the spectral efficiency.
Emerging biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND Early detection of prostate cancer (CaP), the most prevalent cancer and the second-leading cause of death in men, has proved difficult, and current detection methods are inadequate. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is a significant advance for early diagnosis of patients with CaP. CONTENT PSA is produced almost exclusively in the prostate, and abnormalities of this organ are frequently associated with increased serum concentrations. Because of PSA's lack of specificity for CaP, however, many patients undergo unnecessary biopsies or treatments for benign or latent tumors, respectively. Thus, a more specific method of CaP detection is required to augment or replace screening with PSA. The focus recently has been on creating cost-effective assays for circulating protein biomarkers in the blood, but because of the heterogeneity of CaP, it has become clear that this effort will be a formidable challenge. Each marker will require proper validation to ensure clinical utility. Although much work has been done on variations of the PSA test (i.e., velocity, density, free vs bound, proisoforms) with limited usefulness, there are many emerging markers at various stages of development that show some promise for CaP diagnosis. These markers include kallikrein-related peptidase 2 (KLK2), early prostate cancer antigen (EPCA), PCA3, hepsin, prostate stem cell antigen, and alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR). We review biomarkers under investigation for the early diagnosis and management of prostate cancer. SUMMARY It is hoped that the use of panels of markers can improve CaP diagnosis and prognosis and help predict the therapeutic response in CaP patients.
Voids and the Cosmic Web: cosmic depression & spatial complexity

Abstract Voids form a prominent aspect of the Megaparsec distribution of galaxies and matter. Not only do they represent a key constituent of the Cosmic Web, they also are one of the cleanest probes and measures of global cosmological parameters. The shape and evolution of voids are highly sensitive to the nature of dark energy, while their substructure and galaxy population provides a direct key to the nature of dark matter. Also, the pristine environment of void interiors is an important testing ground for our understanding of environmental influences on galaxy formation and evolution. In this paper, we review the key aspects of the structure and dynamics of voids, with a particular focus on the hierarchical evolution of the void population. We demonstrate how the rich structural pattern of the Cosmic Web is related to the complex evolution and buildup of voids.
The Luminosity Functions and Stellar Masses of Galactic Disks and Spheroids

We present a method to obtain quantitative measures of galaxy morphology and apply it to a spectroscopic sample of field galaxies in order to determine the luminosity and stellar mass functions of galactic disks and spheroids. For our sample of approximately 600 galaxies, we estimate, for each galaxy, the bulge-to-disk luminosity ratio in the I band using a two-dimensional image fitting procedure. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that reliable determinations are only possible for galaxies approximately 2 mag brighter than the photometric completeness limit, leaving a sample of 90 galaxies with well-determined bulge-to-total light ratios. Using our measurements of individual disk and bulge luminosities for these 90 galaxies, we construct the luminosity functions of disks and spheroids and, using a stellar population synthesis model, we estimate the stellar mass functions of each of these components. The disk and spheroid luminosity functions are remarkably similar, although our rather small sample size precludes a detailed analysis. We do, however, find evidence in the bivariate luminosity function that spheroid-dominated galaxies occur only among the brightest spheroids, while disk-dominated galaxies span a much wider range of disk luminosities. Remarkably, the total stellar mass residing in disks and spheroids is approximately the same. For our sample (which includes galaxies brighter than M* + 2, where M* is the magnitude corresponding to the characteristic luminosity), we find the ratio of stellar masses in disks and spheroids to be 1.3 ± 0.2. This agrees with the earlier estimates of Schechter & Dressler but differs significantly from that of Fukugita, Hogan, & Peebles. Ongoing large photometric and redshift surveys will lead to a large increase in the number of galaxies to which our techniques can be applied and thus to an improvement in the current estimates.
Hedging in English texts written by lower secondary pupils attending Norwegian schools

This study analyses the use of hedges in English texts written by year nine[1] pupils attending Norwegian lower secondary schools. Hedges are quantified in a corpus of 82 pupil texts using a taxonomy consisting of five hedging categories: Adaptors, Rounders, Plausibility Shields, Explicit Markers of Author Involvement and Verbal Fillers (Prince et al., 1980; Salager-Meyer, 1994; Holmes, 1986). As the pupils are school-level second language learners of English, each device is also deemed to be either accurately or inaccurately used based on grammar, well-formedness and appropriateness (Fetzer, 2004). The analyses are compared across topic, holistic ratings and formality. Texts in the corpus are written about two topics: sports and literary analyses of the novel Holes (Sachar, 1998). Texts about sports contain significantly more hedges than texts about Holes. Comparing accurate and inaccurate categories across holistic ratings, different results were produced when considering topic. Informally written texts about sports contain higher frequencies of accurately used devices than formally written texts about sports. The results suggest that topic and formality are the most significant factors affecting hedging use in this corpus. While hedging frequency overall does not seem to correlate with holistic ratings, overuse and inaccurate use of hedges seems to affect quality. Based on the results, it is argued that pupils may benefit from exposure to a wide range of accurately used devices. [1] “Year 9” is a term usually used in the UK, synonymous with “9th grade” used in the United States, for pupils aged 13-14.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES EXPLAINING THE CROSS-SECTION OF STOCK RETURNS IN JAPAN: FACTORS OR CHARACTERISTICS?

The authors appreciate the helpful comments of the seminar participants at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, and APFA/NFA annual conference in Tokyo. The authors also thank Kenneth French, Ravi Jagannathan, Keiichi Kubota, Takeshi Yamada, René Stulz (the editor) and two anonymous referees for insightful comments and Dr. Virginia Unkefe for editorial assistance. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and not those of the National Bureau of Economic Research.
Usefulness of milnacipran in treating phantom limb pain

Background Amputation of an extremity often results in the sensation of a “phantom limb” where the patient feels that the limb that has been amputated is still present. This is frequently accompanied by “phantom limb pain”. We report here the use of milnacipran, a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, to treat phantom limb pain after amputation of injured or diseased limbs in three patients. Methods and results The severity of phantom pain before and during treatment was quantified using a visual analog scale. In one case, phantom limb pain responded partially to treatment with high doses of paroxetine, and then replacement with milnacipran further improved the pain relief and long-term full pain relief was achieved. In the two other cases, milnacipran was used as first-line treatment and phantom limb pain responded rapidly. Conclusion These results suggest that milnacipran administration may be useful in phantom limb pain, possibly as a first-line treatment.