Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From C programs to the configure-execute model

The emergence of run-time reconfigurable architectures makes feasible the configure-execute paradigm. Compilation of behavioral descriptions (in, e.g., C, Java, etc.), apart from mapping the computational structures onto the available resources on the device, must split the program in temporal sections if it needs more resources than physically available. In addition, since the execution of the computational structures in a configuration needs at least two stages (i.e., configuring and computing), it is important to split the program such that the reconfiguration overheads are minimized, taking advantage of the overlapping of the execution stages on different configurations. This paper presents mapping techniques to cope with those features. The techniques are being researched in the context of a C compiler for the eXtreme Processing Platform (XPP). Temporal partitioning is applied to furnish a set of configurations that reduces the reconfiguration overhead and thus may lead to performance gains. We also show that when applications include a sequence of loops, the use of several configurations may be more beneficial than the mapping of the entire application onto a single configuration. Preliminary results for a number of benchmarks strongly confirm the approach.
Multilayered Coupled Interdigital Resonator Filters for General Chebyshev Filtering Functions

This paper presents compact multilayer interdigital filters for realizing general Chebyshev (i.e., quasi-elliptic) filtering functions. Several coupling elements are proposed for implementing a wide range of couplings between quarter-wavelength resonators, which are placed on a unique layer or stacked thanks to a multilayer technology. Several multipole filters are designed and fabricated using low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology. Designs and experimental results are detailed in order to appreciate the potential of the proposed technology. The multilayer interdigital filters proposed in this paper are designed especially for electronic warfare specifications from S- to Ku-band.
A calibration study of SAPS II with Norwegian intensive care registry data

Mortality prediction is important in intensive care. The Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II is a tool for predicting such mortality. However, the original SAPS II is poorly calibrated to current intensive care unit (ICU) populations because it draws on data, which is more than 20 years old. We aimed to improve the calibration of SAPS II using data from the Norwegian Intensive Care Registry (NIR). This is the first recalibration of SAPS II for Nordic data.
Foundations for a new theory of plausible and paradoxical reasoning

The processing of uncertain information has always been a hot topic of research since mainly the 18th century. Up to the middle of the 20th century, most theoretical advances have been devoted to the theory of probabilities through the works of eminent mathematicians like J. Bernoulli (1713), A. De Moivre (1718), T. Bayes (1763), P. Laplace (1774), K. Gauss (1823), S. Poisson (1837), E. Borel (1909), R. Fisher (1930), A. Kolmogorov (1933), B. De Finetti (1958), L. Savage (1967), T. Fine (1973), E. Jaynes (1995) to name just few of them. With the development of computer science, the second half of the 20th century has became very prolific for the development of new original theories dealing with uncertainty and imprecise information. Mainly, three major theories are available now as alternative to the theory of probabilities for the automatic plausible reasoning in expert systems: the fuzzy set theory developed by L. Zadeh in sixties (1965), the Shafer’s theory of evidence in the seventies (1976) and the theory of possibilities by D. Dubois and H. Prade in eighties (1985) and, very recently, the unifying avant-gardiste neutrosophy theory proposed by F. Smarandache (2000). This paper is focused on the development of a new theory of plausible and paradoxical reasoning which can be interpreted as a generalization of the theory of evidence. After a brief presentation of the Dempster-Shafer theory in section 2, we set up the foundations of our new theory in section 3 and discuss the justification of the new rule of combination of uncertain and paradoxical sources of evidences. Several illustrative examples of the power and the usefulness of our new theory are also presented and compared with results drawn from the classical Dempster-Shafer theory.
Overcoming Algorithm Aversion 1 Running Head: OVERCOMING ALGORITHM AVERSION Overcoming Algorithm Aversion: People Will Use Algorithms If They Can (Even Slightly) Modify Them

Although evidence-based algorithms consistently outperform human forecasters, people consistently fail to use them, especially after learning that they are imperfect. In this paper, we investigate how algorithm aversion might be overcome. In incentivized forecasting tasks, we find that people are considerably more likely to choose to use an algorithm, and thus perform better, when they can modify its forecasts. Importantly, this is true even when they are severely restricted in the modifications they can make. In fact, people’s decision to use an algorithm is insensitive to the magnitude of the modifications they are able to make. Additionally, we find that giving people the freedom to modify an algorithm makes people feel more satisfied with the forecasting process, more tolerant of errors, more likely to believe that the algorithm is superior, and more likely to choose to use an algorithm to make subsequent forecasts. This research suggests that one may be able to overcome algorithm aversion by giving people just a slight amount of control over the algorithm’s forecasts.
Improving consent in large scale mobile HCI through personalised representations of data

In using 'app store'-style software repositories to distribute research applications, substantial ethical challenge exists in gaining informed consent from potential participants. Standard 'terms and conditions' pages are commonly used, but we find they fail to communicate relevant information to users. We suggest interrupting use of an application with a visual representation of collected data, rather than merely providing a description at first launch. Data collected, but not uploaded, before this can be used to create personalised examples of what will be shared. We experiment with different ways of presenting this information and allowing opt-out mechanisms, finding that users are more concerned when presented with a visual, personalised representation, and consequently stop using the application sooner. We observe a particular difference in non-English speakers, suggesting that our proposed approach might be especially appropriate for global trials, where not all users will be able to understand researchers' disclosures of data logging intent.
Reconciling sovereinty claims with individual rights? Access to citizenship after Mallak and Sulaimon

Citizenship regimes are among the clearest expressions of the "public philosophy" of States, 1 with national identity, sovereignty and historical experience shaping the legal rules for attribution of citizenship.2 From the perspective of the individual, despite developments in universal human rights law, citizenship also remains the key to full security of legal status and residence in modem States as well as access to the "tangible benefits"3 arising from the range of social, economic and political rights held by citizens. The significance of citizenship in Irish legal and political discourse became clear in the course of the debates on the 2004 referendum, which removed the automatic right to citizenship for all children born on the island of Ireland-a right that had been constitutionalised (on foot of the Belfast Agreement) only six years previously. 4 More recently, the establishment of "citizenship ceremonies" for newly naturalised citizens marks the legal and social significance of joining the Irish polity.5 Since 2004, most likely reflecting the decline in inward migration in recent years, relatively little public attention has been focused on citizenship law in Ireland. However, questions around the application of the naturalisation rules in individual cases have consistently come before the High Court in the form of judicial review proceedings. The most striking feature of Ireland's naturalisation regime is the extent to which it is characterised by ministerial discretion. As will be seen below, most of the High Court jurisprudence has recognised and reinforced this extensive discretion, the courts seemingly
Galen Pickard Time-Critical Social Mobilization

This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ): October 28, 2011 www.sciencemag. org (this infomation is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag. org/content/334/6055/509.full. html version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/content/suppl/2011/10/27/334.6055. 509.DC1. html can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag. org/content/334/6055/509.full. html#ref-list-1 , 10 of which can be accessed free: cites 22 articles This article
Isolation and Characterization of a New Major Intestinal CYP3A Form, CYP3A62, in the Rat

Based on information of the nucleotide sequence obtained from rat genome clones, a new CYP3A (CYP3A62) cDNA was isolated from the cDNA library of a rat liver. The CYP3A62 cDNA was 1746 base pairs (bp) in length, which included 1491 bp of an open reading frame and 93 bp and 209 bp of the respective 5′- and 3′-noncoding regions. Amino acid sequence deduced from CYP3A62 cDNA shared the highest similarity with rat CYP3A9 (79.9%) among human and rat CYP3A forms previously reported. CYP3A62 mRNA and protein were consistently detected in small intestines as well as livers. CYP3A62 was a major form in small intestines of both sexes but was a female-predominant form in livers of adult rats. CYP3A62 in both tissues of male and female rats were clearly enhanced by the treatment with dexamethasone. These expression profiles resembled those of CYP3A9. Despite clear detection of CYP3A62, no detectable levels of CYP3A1 and CYP3A2 proteins, as well as those of mRNAs, were found in the intestinal tract. Therefore, CYP3A62 may play major roles together with CYP3A9 and CYP3A18 in endogenous or exogenous detoxification at the absorption site.
Opportunistic spectrum access in cognitive radio based on channel switching

This paper investigates the performance of a cognitive radio transceiver that can monitor multiple channels and opportunistically use any one of them should it be available. In our work, we propose and compare two different opportunistic channel access schemes. The first scheme applies when the secondary user (SU) has access to only one channel. The second scheme applies when the SU has access to multiple channels but can at a given time monitor and access only one channel. Two switching strategies, namely the switch and examine and the switch and stay strategies, are proposed. For these proposed access schemes, we investigate their performance by deriving the analytical expression of the novel metric of the average access duration and the average waiting time and based on these two metrics a time average SU throughput formula is proposed to predict the performance of the secondary cognitive system.
A Novel Image Edge Detection Algorithm based on Prewitt Operator and Wavelet Transform

In this paper, the improved version of Prewitt operator edge detection algorithm proposed which is based on the soft-threshold wavelet de-noising is aimed at processing the image with Gaussian white noise. A number of experiments show that this algorithm adds some advantages of wavelet de-noising, such as that the differential nature of the wavelet function can highlight the discontinuous edge of the image, The multi-resolution of wavelet transform overcome the contradiction between reduction of noise and the precision of edge positioning in the field of neighborhood selection. At the same time the wavelet transformation has the function of band-pass filter, and it can extraction the different levels of information. The improvement of algorithm combined by soft-thresholding wavelet de-noise and the conventional prewitt operator is a much better method than the conventional edge detection operator when it detects the edge of the image with White Gauss Noise.
COMPARISON OF GENETIC ALGORITHMS AND PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMISATION FOR FERMENTATION FEED PROFILE DETERMINATION

In recent years the area of Evolutionary Computation has come into its own. Two of the popular developed approaches are Genetic Algorithms and Particle Swarm Optimisation, both of which are used in optimisation problems. Since the two approaches are supposed to find a solution to a given objective function but employ different strategies and computational effort, it is appropriate to compare their implementation. A study is presented illustrating the performance of both genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimisation, demonstrating their ability to generate a fermentation process feed profile based on a number of objective functions. Results demonstrate how the learning mechanism developed an optimal feed profile which meets the defined criteria.
Spherical harmonics and integration in superspace: II

The study of spherical harmonics in superspace, introduced in (De Bie and Sommen 2007 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 40 7193) is further elaborated. A detailed description of spherical harmonics of degree k is given in terms of bosonic and fermionic pieces, which also determines the irreducible pieces under the action of SO(m) × Sp(2n). In the second part of the paper, this decomposition is used to describe all possible integrations over the supersphere. It is then shown that only one possibility yields the orthogonality of spherical harmonics of different degrees. This is the so-called Pizzetti-integral of which it was shown in (De Bie and Sommen 2007 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 40 7193) that it leads to the Berezin integral.
Flexible power consumption management in smart homes

The complexity of the power system keeps growing due to the penetration of alternative sources of electric energy such as solar plant and wind farm to meet the growing demand for electricity. In order to overcome the challenges due to complexity the power grid needs to be intelligent in all aspects. As the grid gets smarter, considerable efforts are being undertaken to make the houses and businesses smarter in consuming the electrical energy to minimize and level the electricity demand. It also necessitates that the conventional way to do modeling, control and energy management in all sectors needs to be improved or replaced by intelligent information processing techniques. We propose a policy based framework which allows intelligent and flexible energy management of home appliances in a smart home which is complex and dynamic in ways that save energy automatically. In this paper, we consider the challenges in formalizing the behavior of the appliances using states, and managing the energy consumption using policies. Our simulation results show that the proposed system can efficiently manage energy in a smart home in a user friendly way.
An efficient recovery scheme for mobile computing environments

This paper presents an efficient recovery scheme based on checkpointing and message logging for mobile computing systems. For the efficient management of checkpoints and message logs, a movement-based scheme is proposed. Mobile hosts carrying their recovery information to the nearby mobile support station can recover instantly in case of a failure, however, the cost to transfer the recovery information must be high. On the other hand, the recovery information remaining dispersed over a number of support stations visited by mobile hosts must incur very high recovery cost. To balance the failure-free operation cost and the recovery cost, in the proposed scheme, the recovery information of a mobile host remains at the visited support stations while the host moves within a certain range. Only when the host moves out of the range, the recovery information is transferred to a nearby mobile support station. As a result, the proposed scheme can control the information transfer cost as well as the recovery cost.
Intermediate accounting : GAAP codification and fair value update

INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING, Eleventh Edition, provides the perfect combination of professional language and vibrant pedagogy to facilitate the transition from financial principles to the larger environment of financial reporting. To prepare students for professional accounting careers, the text's comprehensive coverage of GAAP and discussion of IFRS is clearly and consistently presented throughout the text. This coverage complements the authors' insight, which is in both the in-text commentary and the fully coordinated, author-written end-of-chapter material.
CarrierMix: How Much Can User-side Carrier Mixing Help?

Energy consumption for cellular communication is increasingly gaining importance in smartphone battery lifetime as the bandwidth of wireless communication and the demand for mobile traffic increase. For energy-efficient cellular communication, we tackle two energy characteristics of cellular networks: (1) transmission energy highly varies upon channel condition, and (2) transmission of a packet accompanies unnecessary tail energy waste. Under the objective of transmitting packets when the best channel is provided as well as a number of packets are accumulated, we propose a new mobile collaboration framework “CarrierMix” that aggregates smart devices across multiple heterogeneous cellular carriers. Compared to the standalone operation, even without a buffering delay, CarrierMix allows better channel and reduces more tail energy in a statistical point of view. To maximize the energy benefit while maintaining the fairness among the nodes in collaboration, we further develop a dynamic programming framework providing the optimal algorithm of CarrierMix and its approximated heuristic. Trace-driven simulations on our experimental HSPA/EVDO/LTE network traces show that CarrierMix of five devices achieves up to 42 percent of energy reduction.
Takeover Bids, Price Offer and Investors Protection

In this paper, we develop a contingent claim analysis concerning both inside and outside shareholders' rights to sell their shares at the acquisition bid price. We will show that this regulation brings about wealth transfer towards inside shareholders (compared to a situation without any guarantee). A second question can be formulated as follows: why, in an apparently irrational way, do the outside shareholders, who may benefit from a price guarantee, not systematically sell their shares? That question emphasizes on the outside shareholders' behavior. In theory, it appears that equal treatment between inside and outside shareholders may lead outside ones to sell their shares. We put into evidence that an unconditional price guarantee for minor investors induces an apparent transfer of wealth which is equal to the put option they are given. This implicit put is evaluated as an abandon option. The improvement in the treatment of the outside investors can be a pure illusion because a rational buyer should take it into account in his economic setting of the takeover bid. This put is paid by the new controlling investor who is aware of that. What is also outlined is that, in fact, the price guarantee mechanism imply a disclosure of information because the buyer is led to evaluate wealth transfer implied by the financial regulation of some European countries. The buyer is not passive, he can play with the bid acquisition price and the target participation rate. Moreover, to minimize the cost of a given put option, the major shareholder can increase his participation rate. In doing that, he will tend to expel the minor investors by exercising their put option. We saw that, in this framework, a unique equilibrium exists between the two parties, each one maximizing its wealth in this new environment. It is quite possible that this equilibrium can be the same (or can be better) for the outside investors compared with a no protection case. We also noticed that a more general setting of the choices should also take into account the possibility of direct appropriation of the cash-flow by the controlling investor.
Les frontières du « Ciel Unique Européen ».

L'article propose une geographie des frontieres aeriennes de l'Europe. Il montre comment celle-ci resulte de la combinaison d'options techniques et de donnees politiques. Dans un contexte d'integration politique et sous la pression de trafics croissants, la partition traditionnelle de l'espace aerien evolue aujourd'hui dans l'UE selon des criteres fonctionnels de moins en moins lies au trace des frontieres nationales. L'adoption en 2004 d'un nouveau cadre legislatif communautaire et les efforts de coordination technique conduisent ainsi a transformer la carte du ciel. Les nouveaux dispositifs poussent au rapprochement des acteurs au sein d'instances de controle transnationales et partagees entre vols commerciaux et militaires. A terme, c'est l'ensemble de l'espace aerien continental qui devrait etre redecoupe en regions fonctionnelles d'information en vol ou FAB (Functional Airspace Blocks), largement detachees des espaces nationaux au sol. Dans cette perspective, l'article cherche a repondre a deux interrogations : comprendre sur quelles bases se definissent les contours de ces regions aeriennes emergentes, voir comment l'evolution de la notion de frontiere aerienne peut eclairer les modalites de construction territoriale de l'UE.
Accrual Accounting in a Dynamic Agency Setting

This paper examines the choice of asset valuation rules from a managerial control perspective. A manager creates value for a firm through his effort choice each period. To support its operating activities, the firm also engages in financing transactions such as credit sales to its customers. These financing transactions merely change the pattern of cash flows across periods but have no effect on the value of the firm. An optimal compensation scheme must therefore shield the manager from the risk associated with such transactions. If the firm operates an accrual accounting system in which receivables are capitalized at their fair values, we show that residual income eliminates this risk and provides an optimal performance measure. On the other hand, compensation schemes based only on realized cash flows can be optimal only under exceptional circumstances. The paper also considers a setting in which the principal can observe not only the aggregate cash flow, but also the amount of realized bad debt losses each period. In this setting, an optimal compensation scheme must also shield the manager from the default risk associated with credit transactions. We demonstrate that this can be achieved if receivables are valued according to the allowance method that leads to a proper matching of sales revenues and bad debt expenses each period.