Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Suppression of p53-dependent senescence by the JNK signal transduction pathway

The JNK signaling pathway is implicated in the regulation of the AP1 transcription factor and cell proliferation. Here, we examine the role of JNK by using conditional and chemical genetic alleles of the ubiquitously expressed murine genes that encode the isoforms JNK1 and JNK2. Our analysis demonstrates that JNK is not essential for proliferation. However, JNK is required for expression of the cJun and JunD components of the AP1 transcription factor, and JNK-deficient cells exhibit early p53-dependent senescence. These data demonstrate that JNK can act as a negative regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor.
Nerve conduction and vibrotactile perception thresholds in female computer workers and hand-arm vibration-exposed male manual workers

Upper limb pain and disability are common problems, especially among working populations. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate peripheral nerve function in the upper limb by nerve conduction test and vibration threshold test in working populations including female computer users (n = 82), hand-arm vibrationexposed male manual workers (n = 116), and female workers with chronic diffuse upper limb pain (n = 35). The studies have a cross-sectional design regarding peripheral nerve function measurements. Exposure assessments regarding computer work were made using questionnaires, and the cumulative hand-arm vibration dose in manual workers was calculated as the product of self-reported occupational exposure, as collected by questionnaire and interviews, and the measured or estimated hand-arm vibration exposure in 1987, 1992, 1997, 2002, and 2008. In contrast to nerve conduction measurements, the vibration threshold test is a psychophysical test. To investigate whether mood influences the measurements, perceived stress and energy were assessed using a two-dimensional mood adjective checklist, before the vibration threshold test. Adequate control of tissue temperature is a crucial factor in nerve conduction studies, and a bicycle ergometer test proved to be a simple and effective method of raising hand temperature. Nerve conduction measurements revealed no signs of early neural deficits of large myelinated nerve fibres measured in the upper limbs of either women who intensively use computer keyboard equipment or hand-arm vibration-exposed male manual workers, or female workers with chronic diffuse upper limb pain. In the present studies, the majority of the subjects did not have severe neurological symptoms and most subjects had not been referred to a clinic. Vibration threshold test revealed no signs of early nerve affliction in the upper limbs in women who intensively used computer keyboard equipment. Women with chronic pain had a small elevation of vibrotactile perception thresholds in the territories of the ulnar and radial nerves. Perceived stress and energy before the vibration threshold testing did not influence the thresholds. Although a peripheral mechanism cannot be excluded, the findings support the idea that increased vibration perception thresholds in chronic diffuse upper limb pain may be secondary to pain.
S-SPIN: A Provably Secure Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we present a provably secure routing protocol for wireless sensor networks, called S-SPIN (Secure-SPIN), that is a security extension of SPIN. The MAC scheme is introduced to guarantee the correctness and integrity of the messages. And we prove that under the formal security framework proposed by Acs et al, by using a mathematically rigorous proof technique, S-SPIN is secure if the MAC scheme is secure against existential forgery attack.
Prevalence of Polyneuropathy in Pre-Diabetes and Diabetes Is Associated With Abdominal Obesity and Macroangiopathy

OBJECTIVE—It is controversial whether there is a glycemic threshold above which polyneuropathy develops and which are the most important factors associated with polyneuropathy in the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of polyneuropathy in subjects with diabetes, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), or normal glucose tolerance (NGT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Subjects with diabetes (n = 195) and control subjects matched for age and sex (n = 198) from the population-based MONICA (Monitoring Trends and Determinants on Cardiovascular Diseases)/KORA (Cooperative Research in the Region of Augsburg) Augsburg Surveys 1989/1990 (S2) and 1994/1995 (S3) aged 25–74 years were contacted again and assessed in 1997/1998 by the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument using a score cut point >2. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed in the control subjects. RESULTS—Among the control subjects, 46 (23.2%) had IGT, 71 (35.9%) had IFG, and 81 had NGT. The prevalence of polyneuropathy was 28.0% in the diabetic subjects, 13.0% in those with IGT, 11.3% in those with IFG, and 7.4% in those with NGT (P ≤ 0.05 for diabetes vs. NGT, IFG, and IGT). In the entire population studied (n = 393), age, waist circumference, and diabetes were independent factors significantly associated with polyneuropathy, whereas in the diabetic group polyneuropathy was associated with age, waist circumference, and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS—The prevalence of polyneuropathy is slightly increased in individuals with IGT and IFG compared with those with NGT. The association with waist circumference and PAD suggests that the latter and abdominal obesity may constitute important targets for strategies to prevent diabetic polyneuropathy.
Cross-media impact on twitter in japan

Twitter, a microblogging service, is now grabbing attention of people as a new channel. For deep understanding of this new service, this paper reports the characteristics of Twitter users in Japan, and the impact of media such as publications, and TV programs on Twitter community. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to analyze mutual impact between Twitter, and other media quantitatively. In order for the analyses, we crawled user profiles whose language setting is Japanese, and conducted several analysis with well-known methodologies as conventional work did. We confirmed the characteristics of the collected user profiles. We observed the distributions of the number of friends, and the number of follows both follow power-law, and there exists the correlation between the number of friends, and the number of follows. Besides the collected user profiles, we also utilized closed caption data of TV programs in Japan, and other information on media picked up Twitter. We run a batch of matching these data outside Twitter with the collected user profiles, and concluded Twitter has been already widely spread among Japanese people, however, media have still huge impact on the growth of Twitter users. We also conjectured the impact is not one-sided, however, is mutual influence between Twitter, and other media.
Exploiting inter-flow redundancy: context replication in ROHC-TCP

Context replication is a new context initialization technique for header compression proposed by the IETF. It increases header compression gains by reducing the size of bulky initialization packets. Context replication compresses header fields based on the redundancy between flows, rather than within flows. For context replication to be performed efficiently, an elaborate understanding of inter-flow field behavior is required. However, inter-flow field behavior is more complicated and relatively unstudied compared to well-known intra-flow field behavior. Also, because context replication is a new technique, much is still unknown about the range of efficiency gains achievable. We present a novel approach to obtain and analyze inter-flow field behavior. Our approach allows the optimization of encoding specifications in context replication. By implementation, we show that our optimized encodings produce leaner initialization packets compared to current proposals. We also obtain from implementation useful insights on the range of compressed header sizes and efficiency gains in context replication.
‘Cost per week’ ‐ quantifying an individual's recreational drug use

expensive to purchase and difficult to obtain. The inference is that if it were to be recommended by NICE then it would no longer be ‘special’, and so the price would fall. In fact, the term ‘special’ refers to the fact that this mixture is an unlicenced medicine. A product licence (now referred to as a Marketing Authorisation) is obtained by a manufacturer from the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), showing that the manufacturer has demonstrated the quality, safety and efficacy of the product. In response to an unsolicited demand from a doctor or pharmacist, some manufacturers can also supply other products under an MHRA Manufacturers Specials licence, which guarantees the quality of the manufacturing process, but has no assessment of the product’s safety or efficacy. There is therefore a much higher degree of liability on the prescriber when a ‘special’ is used [4]. Obtaining a marketing authorisation requires submission of a substantial amount of documentation relating to the production, safety and efficacy of the product, and there is also a fee involved. It is therefore a major undertaking for the manufacturer. Once a manufacturer has a specials licence, it can produce any type of product that is covered by their licence without further submissions, but the products will still not have a marketing authorisation. There are, however, other costs involved in the process. Licensed products can be openly advertised, and are generally supplied to the National Health Service (NHS) on major contracts (that see the NHS obtaining very good prices). Specials cannot be advertised, and have to be ordered by individual organisations, which makes the cost of the process higher. The further documentation required contributes to the difficulties in making straightforward supplies. In order to change the licensing situation for this particular fluid, it would be necessary to find a manufacturer willing to go through the process of obtaining a Marketing Authorisation. For this they would need clinical evidence of safety and efficacy, and probably an expectation of increased usage following licensing to make it worth their while. The product’s cost would probably then become more related to market forces. NICE cannot influence the licensing process.
Resource Allocation in Computational Grids environment Using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Resource allocation in computational grids is considered as a NP-Complete problem due to resources heterogeneity. Grid resources are related to various management areas exerting different management policies. Nowadays, enhancing grid efficiency is regarded as a problem requiring proper and effective schedule. Unfortunately, grid resources dynamic nature, in addition to the variety of users’ requests has intensified grid resource allocation. The present paper offers a new heuristic method based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for resource allocation in grid environment. The proposed method creates an optimal scheduling in task completion with minimum flowtime and makespane.
The Role of Political Sophistication in Learning From News

Accounting for learning from news has focused on media attention, media gratification, content-specific exposure, and prior knowledge. One measure of prior knowledge is political sophistication, measuring components of both knowledge and ideology. Two studies evaluated the reliability, concurrent validity, and comparative predictive validity of political sophistication in comparison to those of exposure, attention, and civics knowledge. Study 1 focused on the 1993-1994 health care reform debate. Those higher in political sophistication learned more from broadcast and print news, and had more differentiated constructs and higher quality arguments about health policy issues in open-ended essays. These findings were replicated in Study 2, which was conducted within a simulated mayoral election campaign. The results suggest that political sophisticates do not simply consume more news but process it differently than their less-sophisticated counterparts.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Interventions for Sexual Health Promotion Involving Serious Digital Games.

OBJECTIVE Serious games may be effective in promoting sexual health behavior. Their confidential nature may encourage users to discuss sensitive sexuality topics. Furthermore, they can tailor messages to the individual's needs and may be intrinsically motivating. This meta-analysis investigates the effectiveness of interventions for sexual health promotion that use serious games. MATERIALS AND METHODS A database search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO for publications before the end of July 2013. Serious digital games studies measuring effects on behavior or its determinants, using a control condition, allowing the calculation of an effect size (Hedges' g, random-effects model) were included. RESULTS Seven game studies for sexual health promotion were included. These showed positive effects on determinants (g=0.242; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.129, 0.356), albeit of small effect size. The effects on behavior, measured in only two studies, were not significant (g=0.456; 95 percent confidence interval, -0.649, 1.561). Most games did not use many game features that are considered to be immersive or enhancing flow. Instead, there was a strong reliance on pure gamification features, such as rewards and feedback. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness of the next generation of games may be enhanced by building on the behavioral change and educational gaming literatures (e.g., using role-play and simulation game formats, individual tailoring, offering adaptation in the difficulty of the challenge, and amount and timing of the feedback). There is a need for studies with rigorous evaluations of game effectiveness, longer-term follow-up, and using measures of behavior rather than merely their determinants.
Testing models of the adaptive evolution of consistent individual differences in behavior using sticklebacks

Within the same population individuals often differ in how they respond to changes in their environment. A recent series of models predicts that competition in a heterogeneous environment might promote among-individual variation in behavioral plasticity. I tested groups of sticklebacks in patchy foraging environments that differed in the level of competition. I also tested the same individuals across two different social groups and while alone to determine the social environment’s influence on behavioral plasticity. In support of model predictions, individuals consistently differed in behavioral plasticity when the presence of conspecifics influenced the potential payoffs of a foraging opportunity. Whether individuals maintained their level of behavioral plasticity when placed in a new social group depended upon the environmental heterogeneity. By explicitly testing predictions of recent theoretical models, we provide evidence for the types of ecological conditions under which we would expect, and not expect, variation in behavioral plasticity to be favored. 1 This chapter appeared in its entirety in journal Ecology Letters and is referred to later in this dissertation as “Laskowski and Bell 2013”. Laskowski, K.L and Bell, A.M. 2013. Competition avoidance drives individual differences in response to a changing food resource in sticklebacks. 16: 746-753. This article is reprinted with permission of the publisher and is available from http://onlinelibrary.wiley. com/ and using DOI: 10.1111/ele.12105
Tracking and recognizing two-person interactions in outdoor image sequences

This paper presents a methodology for tracking persons and identifying two-person interactions in outdoor image sequences. By locating and tracking two persons over consecutive frames of monocular grayscale image sequences, we classify their interactions into several classes. Some of the interaction classes are: one person leaves another stationary person; two persons meet coming from different directions; and one stationary person starts following another walking person. We use side-view image sequences obtained by a fixed camera. In these image sequences the subjects are frequently occluded and move perpendicular to the direction of the camera. We present results on tracking of persons and their interactions.
Prevention of Catheter-Related Bacteremia with a Daily Ethanol Lock in Patients with Tunnelled Catheters: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Background Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) results in significant attributable morbidity and mortality. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we studied the efficacy and safety of a daily ethanol lock for the prevention of CRBSI in patients with a tunnelled central venous catheter (CVC). Methodology From 2005 through 2008, each lumen of the CVC of adult hematology patients was locked for 15 minutes per day with either 70%-ethanol or placebo, where after the lock solution was flushed through. As a primary endpoint, the incidence rates of endoluminal CRBSI were compared. Principal Findings The intent-to-treat analysis was based on 376 patients, accounting for 448 CVCs and 27,745 catheter days. For ethanol locks, the incidence of endoluminal CRBSI per 1000 CVC-days was 0.70 (95%-CI, 0.4–1.3), compared to 1.19 (95% confidence interval, 0.7–1.9) for placebo (incidence rate-ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.27–1.30; P = .19). For endoluminal CRBSI according to the strictest definition (positive hub culture and identical bacterial strain in blood), a 3.6-fold, non-significant, reduction was observed for patients receiving ethanol (2 of 226 versus 7 of 222; P = .103). No life-threatening adverse events were observed. More patients receiving ethanol discontinued lock-therapy (11 of 226 versus 1 of 222; P = .006) or continued with decreased lock-frequency (10 of 226 versus 0 of 222; P = .002), due to non-severe adverse events. Conclusions In this study, the reduction in the incidence of endoluminal CRBSI using preventive ethanol locks was non-significant, although the low incidence of endoluminal CRBSI precludes definite conclusions. Therefore, the lack of statistical significance may partially reflect a lack of power. Significantly more patients treated with ethanol locks discontinued their prophylactic treatment due to adverse effects, which were non-severe but reasonably ethanol related. Additional studies should be performed in populations with higher incidence of (endoluminal) CRBSI. Alternative sources of bacteremia, like exoluminal CRBSI or microbial translocation during chemotherapy-induced mucositis may have been more important in our patients. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00122642
True Evidence-Based Care for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Military Personnel and Veterans.

● The relationships of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms with health-related quality of life and the role of social support among Veterans. ● Sleep disorders related to deployment in active duty service members and veterans. ● The impact of proposed changes to ICD-11 on estimates of PTSD prevalence and comorbidity. ● Personal space of war veterans with PTSD-some characteristics and comparison with healthy individuals. ● Soldier, civilian, criminal: identifying pathways to offending of ex-armed forces personnel in prison. ● Roles of inter-individual differences and intra-individual acute elevations in early smoking lapse in people with posttraumatic stress disorder. ● Are all psychotherapies equally effective in the treatment of adult depression? The lack of statistical power of comparative outcome studies. This Viewpoint discusses true evidence-based practice and using it to personalize treatment for military veterans and servicemembers with posttraumatic stress disorder. As the longest wars in US history draw to a close, treating the psychosocial sequelae of military trauma has become an important public health challenge. In contrast to previous wars, mental health care is for the first time leveraging science to treat deployment-related conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Evidence-based practice has become a driving principle behind the treatment of military-related PTSD and is considered a necessary safeguard against the use of unproven and ineffective interventions. However, a truly evidence-based approach to treating military-related PTSD differs from what it has come to mean in the recent clinical and research literature. This Viewpoint suggests that the assertion that prolonged exposure or cognitive processing therapy should be the dominant evidence-based treatments for war-related PTSD is simplistic and may at times be unhelpful or contraindicated. Steenkamp's Viewpoint reminds us that " evidence-based " psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) encompasses clinical judgment and patient preferences as much as it does evidence from randomized clinical trials. This is a welcome perspective for clinicians working in settings such as Veterans Affairs (VA), where they are mandated by policy to provide prolonged exposure or cognitive processing therapy (CPT) as first-line treatments for veterans with PTSD. This Viewpoint reports that the direction of suicide prevention research must change if more lives are to be saved. Suicide rates in most Western countries have not decreased in the last decade, a finding that compares unfavorably with the progress made in other areas, such as breast and skin cancers, human immunodeficiency virus, and automobile accidents, for which the rates …
A Note on: 'Algorithms for Connected Set Cover Problem and Fault-Tolerant Connected Set Cover Problem'

A flaw in the greedy approximation algorithm proposed by Zhang et al. for minimum connected set cover problem is corrected, and a stronger result on the approximation ratio of the modified greedy algorithm is established. The results are now consistent with the existing results on connected dominating set problem which is a special case of the minimum connected set cover problem.
New Multipath Node-Disjoint Routing Based on AODV Protocol

Today, node-disjoint routing becomes inessential technique in communication of packets among various nodes in networks. Meanwhile AODV (Ad Hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector) creates single-path route between a pair of source and destination nodes. Some researches has done so far to make multipath node-disjoint routing based on AODV protocol. But however their overhead and end-to-end delay are relatively high, while the detail of their code is not available too. This paper proposes a new approach of multipath node-disjoint routing based on AODV protocol. Then the algorithm of analytical model is presented. The extensive results of this algorithm will be presented in the next paper.