Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Storing Normalized XML Documents in Normalized Relations

This paper studies the XML storage in relations. Unlike traditional techniques, it considers the semantics expressed by functional dependencies. We propose an algorithm for mapping DTD to relational schema, which preserves not only the content and structure but also the semantics of original XML documents. To tackle the problem of constraints expression, we introduce a way to define functional dependencies and normalization for DTD. In a normalized DTD, every constraints expressed by functional dependencies can be concluded to keys. So we use the key definitions for XML as the foundation for relation generation, and maintain the keys in relations. After investigating the relationship between functional dependencies in XML documents with the corresponding ones in relations, we further prove that, if the original DTD is normalized, the generated relations will be in BCNF. So our method keeps the good properties of normalized DTD, and can fully leverage the relational technology
A deep learning approach for VM workload prediction in the cloud

In order to manage the resources in cloud efficiently, ensure the performance of cloud services and reduce the power consumption, it is critical to predict the workload of virtual machines (VM) accurately. In this paper, a new approach for VM workload prediction based on deep learning was proposed. A deep learning prediction model was designed with a deep belief network (DBN) composed of multiple-layered restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) and a regression layer. The DBN is used to extract the high level features from all VMs workload data and the regression layer is used to predict the workload of the VMs in the future. With little prior knowledge, DBN could learn the features efficiently for the VM workload prediction in an unsupervised fashion. Experimental results show that the proposed approach improves the workload prediction performance compared with other widely used workload prediction approaches.
METABOLIC PATHWAYS FOR THE BIODEGRADATION OF PHENOL

Organic pollutants comprise a potential group of chemicals which can be dreadfully hazardous to human health. As they persist in the environment, they are capable of long range transportation, bioaccumulation in human and animal tissue and biomagnifications in food chain. Phenolic compounds are hazardous pollutants that are toxic at relatively low concentration. The use of microbial catalysts in the biodegradation of organic compounds has advanced significantly during the past three decades. The efficiency of biodegradation of organic compounds is influenced by the type of the organic pollutant, the nature of the organism, the enzyme involved, the mechanism of degradation and the nature of the influencing factors. This also depends on aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Under aerobic conditions, degradation of phenol was shown to be initiated by oxygenation into catechols as intermediates followed by a ring cleavage at either the ortho or meta position, depending on the type of strain. Aerobically, phenol is first converted to catechol, and subsequently, the catechol is degraded via ortho or meta fission to intermediates of central metabolism. The initial ring fission is catalysed by an ortho cleaving enzyme, catechol 1, 2 dioxygenase or by a meta cleaving enzyme catechol 2,3 dioxygenase, where the product of ring fission is a cis-muconic acid for the former and 2-hydro cis muconic semi aldehyde for the latter.
Heavy users of e-banking and Customer Experience Management: evidences on intrinsic motivation

The study provides insights into experiential marketing in a predominantly goal-directed service like internet banking. A model is proposed that combines two complementary approaches in the analysis of experience: a cognitive approach based on quality and an affective approach based on emotions. 754 valid observations have been collected through an online survey among heavy users of internet banking. Latent scores were used to compare consumers' perceptions, differences in demographics and usage variables. The results show that both perceived quality and flow state are major determinants of satisfaction and positive emotions. The paper contributes to electronic business by examining the relationships between consumer motivation, service quality, satisfaction, flow experiences and behavioural variables.
A Case Study of Technologies for a Digital Video Archive System

A digital video archive system differs from a regular digital archive system in that it can manage multimedia resources, such as video and audio contents, as well as metadata textual documentation. Thus, a complete digital video archive system must combine various technologies of multimedia searching and presentation. This paper takes the Development of Value-Added Application on Video Archive, a sub-project of the National Science Council’s digital archive application project, as a case study to demonstrate the role of information science technologies in developing digital video archive systems and digitizing video and audio resources. By sharing our experiences and the technologies developed in our research, we expect to provide digital content providers and researchers with guidelines for the design and development of digital video archive systems and value-added video/audio data. We also highlight some difficulties and suggest possible solutions to assist in the future development of digital video archive systems.
Does Effective Corporate Governance Facilitate Continuous Market Disclosure

type="main"> The focus of this study is the role of corporate governance in ensuring exchange listed companies meet their continuous disclosure (CD) obligations. In doing so it attempts to address a deficiency in the generic corporate disclosure literature by investigating the ability of corporate governance to ensure quality corporate disclosure. Despite acknowledging that disclosure is adversely affected by agency conflict and that corporate governance is an effective control of that conflict, few studies have attempted to provide empirical evidence of a link between corporate governance and corporate disclosure quality. The results of this study show that a company's corporate governance does impact on its CD performance. In particular, it provides evidence that the likelihood of a company failing its CD obligations decreases as the proportion of independent directors on the board increases. This likelihood also decreases for firms that segregate the roles of CEO and board chair. In addition, the study also shows that declining company profitability increases the risk of CD failure. These results provide an important link between the corporate governance literature and the disclosure literature. The results of this study should provide regulators and company stakeholders with evidence to continue to demand corporate governance improvements as an important tool in improving market efficiencies.
Design of band-pass Filters at Ka-band with waveguide- to microstrip- transition

A rectangular waveguide e-plane fin-line filters compared with metal insert filters at Ka-band is introduced. Optimized design dates for four to five resonator type filters are given for mid-band frequency of about 35.6 GHz. Emulational passband insertion losses of prototypes are 0.02 dB and 0.5 dB respectively. A type of waveguide- to microstrip- transition on a single dielectric substrate for millimeter wave band-pass filters is proposed. The insertion losses of the two filters connected with transition are 0.5 dB and 0.9 dB respectively, which satisfy engineering.
Anti‐Nogo‐A antibody treatment enhances sprouting of corticospinal axons rostral to a unilateral cervical spinal cord lesion in adult macaque monkey

After injury, regrowth of axons in mammalian adult central nervous system is highly limited. However, in monkeys subjected to unilateral cervical lesion (C7–C8 level), neutralization of an important neurite outgrowth inhibitor, Nogo‐A, stimulated axonal sprouting caudal to the lesion, accompanied by enhanced functional recovery of manual dexterity, compared with lesioned monkeys treated with a control antibody (Freund et al. [2006] Nat. Med. 12:790–792). The present study aimed at comparing the same two groups of monkeys for axonal sprouting rostral to the cervical lesion. The corticospinal tract was labeled by injecting the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine into the contralesional motor cortex. The corticospinal axons were interrupted at the level of the lesion, accompanied by retrograde axonal degeneration (axon dieback), reflected by the presence of terminal retraction bulbs. The number of terminal retraction bulbs was lower in anti‐Nogo‐A antibody treated monkeys, and, when present, they were found closer to the lesion than in control‐antibody treated monkeys. Compared with control antibody treated monkeys, the anti‐Nogo‐A antibody treated monkeys exhibited an increased cumulated axon arbor length and a higher number of axon arbors going in the medial direction from the white to the gray matter. Higher in the cervical cord (at C5 level), the anti‐Nogo‐A treatment enhanced the number of corticospinal fibers crossing the midline, suggesting axonal sprouting. Thus, the anti‐Nogo‐A antibody treatment enhanced axonal sprouting rostral to the cervical lesion; some of these fibers grew around the lesion and into the caudal spinal segments. These processes paralleled the observed improved functional recovery. J. Comp. Neurol. 502:644–659, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Entropy related remarks on Zipf's law for word frequencies

Zipf's law applies to word frequencies in linguistics, to the population of cities, to DNA base pair sequences and a number of other situations. In a variety of problems where a large number of objects is distributed over an infinite sequence of clusters, a relation between rank k of each cluster and its population n is found according to n~1/k. Using a multinomial distribution we argue that this relation is the limit case of an asymptotically increasing entropy. Zipf's law may therefore be based on a simple argument that comes to the maximization of the entropy under the restriction that n describes a summable series for k→ ∞. keywords: statistical linguistics, Zipf, hyperbolic distribution, entropy, population of cities, DNA
Passive Finite-Dimensional Repetitive Control of Robot Manipulators

In this paper, a new class of finite-dimensional repetitive controllers for robot manipulators is proposed. The global asymptotic stability is proved for the unperturbed system. The passivity-based design of the proposed repetitive controller avoids the problem of tight stability conditions and slow convergence of the conventional, internal model-based, repetitive controllers. The passive interconnection of the controller and the nonlinear mechanical systems provides the same stability conditions as the controller with the exact feed-forward compensation of robot dynamics. The simulation results on a three degrees of freedom spatial manipulator illustrate the performances of the proposed controller.
An Accessory Protein Is Required for Relaxosome Formation by Small Staphylococcal Plasmids

ABSTRACT Mobilization of the staphylococcal plasmid pC221 requires at least one plasmid-encoded protein, MobA, in order to form a relaxosome. pC221 and closely related plasmids also possess an overlapping reading frame encoding a protein of 15 kDa, termed MobC. By completing the nucleotide sequence of plasmid pC223, we have found a further example of this small protein, and gene knockouts have shown that MobC is essential for relaxosome formation and plasmid mobilization in both pC221 and pC223. Primer extension analysis has been used to identify the nic site in both of these plasmids, located upstream of the mobC gene in the sense strand. Although the sequence surrounding the nic site is highly conserved between pC221 and pC223, exchange of the oriT sequence between plasmids significantly reduces the extent of relaxation complex formation, suggesting that the Mob proteins are selective for their cognate plasmids in vivo.
Financial constraints and the balance sheet channel: a re-interpretation

Aggregate demand models extending IS/LM fixed price framework yield an enhancement mechanism of the traditional monetary transmission mechanism, the credit channel, which, according to the credit view, works through the ‘balance sheet channel’ and the ‘bank lending channel’. In this paper the augmented IS/LM model is modified assuming that investments may be financed by both internal and external sources of funds. The inclusion of internal funds in the augmented IS/LM fixed price model suggests a different interpretation of the ‘balance sheet channel’ as an enhancement mechanism amplifying monetary policy effects through the quantity rather than the cost of borrowing. Thus, changes in borrowers’ net worth over the cycle can amplify and propagate output fluctuations directly rather than indirectly as in the traditional interpretation of the balance sheet channel. The empirical analysis of the monetary transmission mechanism for Italy in the last decade accords with the interpretation of the balance sheet channel proposed in this paper.
Transcription defines the embryonic domains of cis-regulatory activity at the Drosophila bithorax complex

The extensive infraabdominal (iab) region contains a number of cis-regulatory elements, including enhancers, silencers, and insulators responsible for directing the developmental expression of the abdominal-A and Abdominal-B homeotic genes at the Drosophila bithorax complex. It is unclear how these regulatory elements are primed for activity early in embryogenesis, but the 100-kb intergenic region is subject to a complex transcriptional program. Here, we use molecular and genetic methods to examine the functional activity of the RNAs produced from this region and their role in cis regulation. We show that a subset of these transcripts demonstrates a distinct pattern of cellular localization. Furthermore, the transcripts from each iab region are discrete and the transcripts do not spread across the insulator elements that delineate the iab regions. In embryos carrying a Mcp deletion, the intergenic transcription pattern is disrupted in the iab4 region and the fourth abdominal segment is transformed into the fifth. We propose that intergenic transcription is required early in embryogenesis to initiate the activation of the Drosophila bithorax complex and define the domains of activity for the iab cis-regulatory elements. We also discuss a possible mechanism by which this may occur.
A Robust Binary Image Watermarking Based on Wavelet Domain and Krawtchouk Moments

The binary images are two values and have very limited capability in data hiding. In order to improve the robustness and invisibility of watermarkings embedded into the binary images, a novel watermarking scheme is presented, which is based on discrete wavelet transformation (DWT). The original watermarking signals are embedded into the lowest frequency sub-band of the wavelet domains. In addition, combined with the technique of encryption, the extracted Krawtchouk moment invariants of the watermarked binary images which are featured excellent invariance properties, are used to gain the robustness of the embedded watermarkings. The watermarkings can be well extracted without the original host images. The invisibility and robustness of the proposed scheme are demonstrated by the simulations, such as Gaussian noise, JPEG compression and some geometric attacks.
Correlation in volatility among related commodity markets

Related commodity markets have two characteristics: (i) they may follow similar volatility processes; and (ii) such markets are frequently represented by a market aggregate or index. Indices are used to represent the performance and time series properties of a group of markets. An important issue regarding the time series properties of an index is how it reflects the time series properties of its components, particularly with regard to volatility. In this paper, correlation matrices are derived from rolling AR(1)-GARCH(1,1) model estimates to examine the second and fourth moment properties of ARMA processes with GARCH errors, and are also compared with the properties of the individual returns series. The correlations between the volatility of returns on several 3-month non-ferrous metals futures contracts traded on the London Metal Exchange are examined for aluminium, copper, nickel, lead, tin and zinc. Relationships between the volatility of individual metals returns and returns on the London Metal Exchange Base Metal Index are also examined.
New delay-dependent synchronization criterion for complex dynamical networks with coupling delays

Synchronization stability in complex dynamical networks with coupling delays is investigated. Nonlinear complex network system is transformed to linear system. A new criterion for global synchronization stability for the complex networks with coupling delays has been derived using an approach combining the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional with LMI techniques. The results are related to the size of delays. It has been illustrated that the proposed result generalizes and improves those reported in the literature. A numerical simulation is also given to illustrate the validity of our result.
Trade Union Power and Economic Efficiency

: This paper seeks to integrate, unify and consequently analyse the efficiency consequences of recent empirical findings on the impact of unions. A dynamic model of on the job training is used to analyse the impact of unions on training outcomes, turnover, productivity, investment and profitability. The overall efficiency consequences are also studied. It is shown that moderate degrees of union power are efficiency enhancing despite reducing investment and profitability. caveat Abstract: This paper seeks to integrate, unify and consequently, analyse the efficiency consequences of recent empirical findings on the impact of unions. A dynamic model of on the job training is used to analyse the impact of unions on training outcomes, turnover, productivity, investment and profitability. The overall efficiency consequences are also studied. It is shown that moderate degrees of union power are efficiency enhancing despite reducing investment and profitability.
OPTIMUM SHAPE DESIGN FOR UNSTEADY FLOWS USING TIME ACCURATE AND NON-LINEAR FREQUENCY DOMAIN METHODS

This paper presents an adjoint method for the optimum shape design of unsteady flows. The goal is to develop a set of discrete unsteady adjoint equations and their corresponding boundary conditions for both the time accurate and non-linear frequency domain methods. First, this paper presents the complete formulation of the time dependent optimal design problem. Second, we present the time accurate and non-linear frequency domain adjoint equations. Third, we present results that demonstrate the application of the theory to a two-dimensional oscillating airfoil. Fourth, we compare the gradients between the two methods.
Implementation of the New Jersey Core Curricular Content Standards for Technology in New Jersey Public Middle Schools

This study focused on the degree to which New Jersey public middle school principals perceived that New Jersey public middle school teachers are implementing the New Jersey Core Curricular Content Standard for Technology (Standard 8.1 Computer and Information Literacy), mandated by the New Jersey Department of Education (NJDOE) into their teaching practices. Also explored was the degree to which teachers are integrating technology into their teaching practice, how teachers are assessing students regarding Standard 8.1, and the importance teachers place on implementing Standard 8.1. A mixed-method design was employed with quantitative data collected via questionnaires distributed to principals (n=6) and teachers (n=63). Qualitative data were collected via teacher interviews (n=8). Questionnaire response data were analyzed for differences and similarities between principals' perception if implementation of Standard 8.1 and teachers' actual implantation of Standard 8.1. Teacher interview responses provided in depth understanding of teachers' implementation of Standard 8.1 and related assessment practices. Key findings of the study include the following: (a) Responding principals perceived that responding teachers are implementing Standard 8.1 to a greater degree than what responding teachers indicate as actual practice, (b) The majority of responding teachers did not refer to Standard 8.1 or the assessment criteria established by the NJDOE to inform their implementation of Standard 8.1, (c) The majority of responding teachers require students to perform low-level task with computer and information technology, as
Pomegranate (Punicagranatum) juice decreases lipid peroxidation, but has no effect on plasma advanced glycated end-products in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Introduction Diabetes mellitus characterized by hyperglycemia could increase oxidative stress and formation of advanced glycated end-products (AGEs), which contribute to diabetic complications. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of pomegranate juice (PJ) containing natural antioxidant on lipid peroxidation and plasma AGEs in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and methods In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 44 patients (age range 56±6.8 years), T2D were randomly assigned to one of two groups: group A (PJ, n=22) and group B (Placebo, n=22). At the baseline and the end of 12-week intervention, biochemical markers including fasting plasma glucose, insulin, oxidative stress, and AGE markers including carboxy methyl lysine (CML) and pentosidine were assayed. Results At baseline, there were no significant differences in plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels between the two groups, but malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased levels were significantly different (P<0.001). After 12 weeks of intervention, TAC increased (P<0.05) and MDA decreased (P<0.01) in the PJ group when compared with the placebo group. However, no significant differences were observed in plasma concentration of CML and pentosidine between the two groups. Conclusions The study showed that PJ decreases lipid peroxidation. Therefore, PJ consumption may delay onset of T2D complications related to oxidative stress.