Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kick-Starting Female Careers: Attracting Women to Entrepreneurship Programs

Entrepreneurship programs often aim at increasing women’s lower entrepreneurial activities. We investigate how advertisements for entrepreneurship programs can be designed to increase women’s application intentions. Results of an experiment with 156 women showed that women indicate (1) lower self-ascribed fit to and interest in the program after viewing a male-typed image (compared to a gender-neutral or female-typed image) in the advertisement; and (2) lower self-ascribed fit to and interest in the program as well as lower application intentions if the German masculine linguistic form of the term “entrepreneur” (compared to the gender-fair word pair “female and male entrepreneur”) is used in the recruitment advertisement. Women’s reactions are most negative when both a male-typed image and the masculine linguistic form appear in the advertisement. Self-ascribed fit and program interest mediate the relationship of advertisement characteristics on application intentions.
Using Hierarchical Community Structure to Improve Community-Based Message Routing

Information about community structure can be useful in a variety of mobile web applications. For instance, it has been shown that community-based methods can be more effective than alternatives for routing messages in delay-tolerant networks. In this paper we present initial research that shows that information on hierarchical structures in communities can further improve the effectiveness of message routing. This is interesting because despite much previous work on the topic, there have been few concrete applications which exploit hierarchical community structure.
Determining the sensitivity of computed tomography scanning in early detection of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective This study aims to determine the sensitivity of modern computed tomography (CT) scanners in detecting subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to determine whether there is a continued need for lumbar puncture to exclude the diagnosis. Methods This retrospective study was conducted from January 2000 to December 2005. The study population consisted of all patients referred on suspicion of SAH or with verified SAH. All medical records were reviewed together with results from CT scan, angiography, and cerebral spinal fluid analysis. Clinical history, examination findings, and time from onset of symptoms until CT scan (days) were recorded. Patients with a negative CT scan had a lumbar puncture done. Results A total of 499 patients were included. In 203 patients the diagnosis was excluded by a negative CT scan and negative lumbar puncture. Two hundred ninety-six patients were found to have a SAH. The diagnosis in 295 of these patients was based on a positive CT scan. In a single patient, on day 6, the diagnosis was based on a positive lumbar puncture. From day 1 to day 5, CT scanning was found to have a sensitivity of 100%. Overall, CT scanning had a sensitivity of 99.7 % (95% confidence interval: 98.1-99.99%). Conclusion CT scanning is excellent for diagnosing SAH. We demonstrate that in the first days after ictus a negative CT scan is sufficient to exclude SAH. Data do not allow for any specific cutoff point to be made. We suggest leaving out lumbar puncture in the first 3 days after ictus if the results of the CT scan are negative.
Magnetic resonance image-guided versus ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound in the treatment of breast cancer

Image-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been used for more than ten years, primarily in the treatment of liver and prostate cancers. HIFU has the advantages of precise cancer ablation and excellent protection of healthy tissue. Breast cancer is a common cancer in women. HIFU therapy, in combination with other therapies, has the potential to improve both oncologic and cosmetic outcomes for breast cancer patients by providing a curative therapy that conserves mammary shape. Currently, HIFU therapy is not commonly used in breast cancer treatment, and efforts to promote the application of HIFU is expected. In this article, we compare different image-guided models for HIFU and reviewed the status, drawbacks, and potential of HIFU therapy for breast cancer.
Kesting Marietta. — Affective Images, Post-apartheid Documentary Perspectives

Une recherche sur les medias documentaires issus du contexte sud-africain, interroges dans une perspective historique et politique, etait tres attendue, pour ne pas dire qu’il etait urgent que ce livre soit ecrit. En l’accolant a la question des « affective images », Marietta Kesting saisit par ce texte deux preoccupations phares actuelles et les interroge l’une au prisme de l’autre. Les contributions analysant le retour de l’affect parmi les theories des medias s’accumulent depuis le debut d.
International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering , Vol . 1 , No . 5 , May 2009 93 Solid-State Diffusion Bonding of Commercially pure Titanium and Precipitation Hardening Stainless steel

Solid-state direct diffusion bonding of commercially pure Titanium (Cp-Ti) and precipitation hardening stainless steel (PHSS) has been carried out in the temperature range of 800°C to 1000°C with an interval of 50°C for 3.6 ks under 3.5 Mpa uniaxial load in (4 to 6)×10 Pa vacuum. The effects of temperatures have been investigated with reference to bond strength. The examination revealed that the transition joints achieve tensile strength 108% and shear strength 87.6% higher compared to pure titanium. And the ductility of the joint has been found to be 12.8% when processed at 950°C. The joint structure and intermetallic phases like Fe2Ti, FeTi, Cr2Ti, λ ( solid solution of Fe2Ti and Cr2Ti ), χ ( Fe17Cr7Ti5 ), α-Fe, α-Ti and β-Ti were predicted by optical microscope, SEM-BSE, EPMA and subsequently the presence of intermetallic phases including σ phase (compound of Fe and Cr ) were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. EPMA also revealed substantial diffusion of Fe, Cr and Ni into the titanium base-metal and titanium traveled a less distance towards PHSS side. Bond strength and hardness of the interface layers were measured by tensile testing and micro-hardness testing respectively. The activation energy Q and growth velocity k of the reacting layers in the diffusion bonded joints were also calculated. The bond strength has been found to be satisfactory at 950°C. Bond strength drops as the volume fraction of intermetallics increased with the rise in bonding temperature (1000°C).
A 28 GHz 0.18-μm CMOS cascade power amplifier with reverse body bias technique

A 28 GHz power amplifier (PA) using CMOS 0.18 μm Silterra process technology is reported. The cascade configuration has been adopted to obtain high Power Added Efficiency (PAE). To achieve low power consumption, the input stage adopts reverse body bias technique. The simulation results show that the proposed PA consumes 32.03mW and power gain (S21) of 9.51 dB is achieved at 28 GHz. The PA achieves saturated power (Psat) of 11.10 dBm and maximum PAE of 16.55% with output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) 8.44 dBm. These results demonstrate the proposed power amplifier architecture is suitable for 5G applications.
A trust-region interior-point method for nonlinear programming

Under mild conditions, the Jacobian associated with the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) system of a non-convex, nonlinear program is nonsingular near an isolated solution. However, this property may not hold away from such a solution. To enhance the robustness and efficiency of the primal-dual interior-point approach, we propose a method that at each iteration solves a trust-region, least-squares problem associated with the linearized perturbed KKT conditions. As a merit function, we use the Euclidean norm-square of the KKT conditions and provide a theoretical justification. We present some preliminary numerical results.
Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems ( PACIS ) July 2008 VIRTUAL FACTORIES AND DYNAMIC CORE COMPETENCY : A CASE STUDY OF ADVANCED SEMICONDUCTOR ENGINEERING

Due to globalization, advanced information and communication technology has fuelled competition, and building and sustaining of competition advantages are major concerns of companies. Developing dynamic core competency has become a new competition strategy and an important way to help companies remain flexible and able to respond quickly to unpredicted changes in the environment. The development of dynamic core competences requires accumulation of technology and skill over time. In turn, companies can exploit these invisible assets to develop new products and new markets and to out-compete competitors. The Internet could provide value-added service to allow companies to communicate with each other. As such, the Internet-based virtual factory had been implemented to facilitate connections among partners. Taiwan based company Advanced Semiconductor Engineering (ASE), one of the world’s largest integrated circuit assembly and testing manufacturers, has constructed its virtual IC factory to strengthen bonds with upstream customers. Customers are able to directly access ASE’s information system and thereby receive immediate status reports of their orders or other types of feedback. In this paper, the framework of ASE’s virtual IC factory is introduced, and the competitive advantages resulted from this virtual factory are investigated. Implications of ASE’s experience are then discussed. Keyword: Virtual factory, Internet, Electronic commerce, Dynamic core competency
Internally Stable Matchings and Exchanges

Stability is a central concept in exchange-based mechanismdesign. It imposes a fundamental requirement that no subsetof agents could beneficially deviate from the outcome pre-scribed by the mechanism. However, deployment of stabilityin an exchange mechanism presents at least two challenges.First, it reduces social welfare and sometimes prevents themechanism from producing a solution. Second, it might incurcomputational cost to clear the mechanism.In this paper, we propose an alternative notion of stability,coined internal stability, under which we analyze the socialwelfare bounds and computational complexity. Our contribu-tions are as follows: for both pairwise matchings and limited-length exchanges, for both unweighted and weighted graph-s, (1) we prove desirable tight social welfare bounds; (2) weanalyze the computational complexity for clearing the match-ings and exchanges. Extensive experiments on the kidney ex-change domain demonstrate that the optimal welfare underinternal stability is very close to the unconstrained optimal.
Timing of formation of Beta Regio and its geodynamical implications

[1] Recent evidence suggests that the Beta Regio equatorial highland, generally considered to be a plume-related structure, was emplaced over a relatively short period of time in the recent Venus history (100–400 m.y.). We perform numerical simulations which use this evidence as a new constraint on geodynamic models and find that it is difficult to satisfy simultaneously the constraint on the uplift rate and the constraints on gravity, topography, and rheology. One possible solution is that the effective viscosity contrast between the mantle and the lithosphere does not exceed about 104. If our simple models do capture the basic dynamics of formation of Beta Regio, this value implies that the viscosity of the lithosphere is softer than olivine at subsolidus temperatures and that the Venusian lithosphere may not be much stronger than the terrestrial one.
Using Wearable Sensors for Remote Healthcare Monitoring System

Recent technological advances in wireless communications and wireless sensor networks have enabled the design of low-cost, intelligent, tiny, and lightweight medical sensor nodes that can be strategically placed on human body, create a wireless body area network (WBAN) to monitor various physiological vital signs for a long period of time and providing real-time feedback to the user and medical staff. WBANs promise to revolutionize health monitoring. In this paper, medical sensors were used to collect physiological data from patients and transmit it to Intelligent Personal digital Assistant (IPDA) using ZigBee/IEEE802.15. 4 standard and to medical server using 3G communications. We introduced priority scheduling and data compression into the system to increase transmission rate of physiological critical signals which improve the bandwidth utilization. It also extends the life time of hand-held personal server by reducing power consumption during transmission.
Ultra wideband frequency spectrum and multipath channel model

The next generation mobile communication 4G will support high data transmission rate and high frequency efficiency. In order to satisfy the future requirements of fixed broadband wireless access systems, technical renovation on the physical layer and control layer is demanded and UWB is one of the most competitive technologies in future wireless communication systems. The paper discusses UWB frequency spectrum, modulation and MA technologies of UWB, and then emphatically analyzes multipath channel model of UWB proposed by IEEE 802.15. SG3a. Based on the research of UWB frequency spectrum and key technology, the results suggest that the new multipath channel model needs to be further modified.
N ov 1 99 9 DISTANCES , AGES AND EPOCH OF FORMATION OF GLOBULAR CLUSTERS

We review the results on distances and absolute ages of galactic globular clusters (GCs) obtained after the release of the Hipparcos catalogue. Several methods aimed at the definition of the Population II local distance scale are discussed, and their results compared, exploiting new results for RR Lyraes in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We find that the so-called Short and Long Distance Scales may be reconciled whether a consistent reddening scale is adopted for Cepheids and RR Lyrae variables in the LMC . Emphasis is given in the paper to the discussion of distances and ages of GCs derived using Hipparcos parallaxes of local subdwarfs. We find that the selection criteria adopted to choose the local subdwarfs, as well as the size of the corrections applied to existing systematic biases, are the main culprit for the differences found among the various independent studies that first used Hipparcos parallaxes and the subdwarf fitting technique. We also caution that the absolute age of M92 (usually considered one of the oldest clusters) still remains uncertain due to the lack of subdwarfs of comparable metallicity with accurate parallaxes. Distances and ages for the 9 clusters discussed in Paper I are re-derived using an enlarged sample of local subdwarfs, which includes about 90% of the metal-poor dwarfs with accurate parallaxes (∆π/π ≤ 0.12) in the whole Hipparcos catalogue. On average, our revised distance moduli are decreased by 0.04 mag with respect to Paper I. The corresponding age of the GCs is t = 11.5 ± 2.6 Gyr, where the error bars refer to the 95% confidence range. The relation between zero age horizontal branch (ZAHB) absolute magnitude and metallicity for the nine programme clusters turns out to be MV (ZAHB) = (0.18 ± 0.09)([Fe/H] + 1.5) + (0.53 ± 0.12) Thanks to Hipparcos
Are Thai MSM Willing to Take PrEP for HIV Prevention? An Analysis of Attitudes, Preferences and Acceptance

Objective We aimed to understand the attitudes, preferences and acceptance of oral and parenteral PrEP among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Thailand. Background Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), the use of antiretrovirals to prevent HIV acquisition, has shown promising results in recent trials. To assess the potential impact of this new HIV prevention method, in addition to efficacy data, we need to understand which psychosocial factors are likely to determine its uptake among members of potential user groups. Methods and Findings Surveys of willingness to use PrEP products were administered to MSM. Spearman’s rank tests were used to uncover associations between questionnaire items. Mann-Whitney tests were performed to ascertain differences between groups. Conjoint analysis was used to examine the attitudes and preferences of MSM towards PrEP attributes. Most participants were willing to consider taking PrEP (39.2% “yes, definitely” and 49.2% “yes, probably”) and perceived PrEP as giving them new possibilities in their lives (38.5% “a lot of hope” and 55.8% “some hope”), even after being instructed of potential side effects and costs. HIV testing was considered the most important attribute and a daily pill and longer lasting injection in the arm were the preferred routes of administration. Conclusions Despite its multiple challenges, MSM in Thailand would be willing to take PrEP, even if they had to experience inconvenience and expense. If PrEP were to be implemented in Thailand, our findings show that its uptake could be considerable.
Consortium: a framework for transactions in collaborative environments

We introduce a natural and flexible framework for collaborative transactions called Consortium. We also define a new model for collaborative interaction that we call “What You See Is What You Want” ( WYSIWYW), an abstraction that permits users to choose their own interaction modes with respect to the shared workspace. Consortium is not an extension to the transaction model but rather a flexible framework for defining collaborative transactions. The contribution of this work is a framework for collaborative transactions that allows a transaction to: (1) support the abstraction of WYSIWYW’, (2) span mtdtiple sessions, (3) have multiple commit points, (4) have different participants at different times, and (5) differentiate between the concepts of owners and participants. In addition, this paper defines the concept of transaction leasing, identifies policies for joining, leaving, and participating in a transaction, extends the notion of transaction ownership by allowing ownership transfer, and describes mechanisms for sharing locks in collaborative transactions.
Novel hybrid coupling structure for HMSIW resonators and its application to bandpass filter

In this paper, a novel hybrid coupling structure including a magnetic coupling iris and an electric coupling etched bowtie-shape structure was studied in detail and used to improve the coupling of the two adjacent resonant cavities. The coupling effect provided by the hybrid structure can be accurately modified and optimized by tuning the dimensions of the coupling structure. It was also shown that the electric scatter of the proposed structure allows the implementation of a forward-wave passband propagating below the characteristic cutoff frequency of the waveguide. To demonstrate the validity of the design strategies, a compact 2.4 GHz bandpass HMSIW filter using bowtie-shape coupling structure with sharp selectivity is simulated, fabricated and measured. The dimension of this filter is as small as 0. 4λg×0. 16λg, where λg is the guide wavelength at the center frequency. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation.
Pattern of declining blood pressure across replicate population surveys of the WHO MONICA project, mid-1980s to mid-1990s, and the role of medication

Abstract Objective Declining mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were observed in most populations of the World Health Organization MONICA (monitoring trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease) project from the mid-1980s to mid-1990s. We tested whether pooled results would show mean change associated with decline in high readings only, resulting from better antihypertensive medication, or with similar falls in low, middle, and high readings, implying other causes. Design Independent, random sample, cross sectional population surveys, each end of the MONICA decade. Setting 38 populations in 21 countries across four continents. Participants Design target in each survey of 200 participants in each 10 year age and sex group from age 35 to 64 Main outcome measures Changes in the population in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and in low, middle, and high readings—the 20th, 50th, and 80th centiles—and the differences between these changes. Results Individual populations differed considerably, but pooling the 38 population results gave mean changes in systolic blood pressure of −2.2 mm Hg in men, −3.3 mm Hg in women, and in diastolic blood pressure of −1.4 mm Hg in men and −2.2 mm Hg in women (overall average −2.26 mm Hg, population median −1.55 mm Hg). Antihypertensive medication, associated with high readings, rose by 0.5% to 11.4%. However, average falls in low and middle blood pressure readings were so similar to those in high readings and in the mean that no effect from improving treatment of hypertension was detected. Results in contrasted subgroups were consistent. Conclusions Blood pressure fell across 38 MONICA populations at all levels of readings, with no differential fall in high readings attributable to better control of hypertension. Despite the importance of medication to individuals, in that decade other determinants of blood pressure lowering must have been more pervasive and powerful in whole populations.
Accuracy and Reliability of Age Estimation from Physiological Changes of Third Molars MDDr

Aim: Our study aimed to verify the relation between physiological changes of third molar and age of an individual. Material and Method: Our study evaluated 42 ground sections of third molars according to Gustafson ́ s six criteria method. Patient ́s age was registered at time of extraction of third molar. We recorded level of attrition, secondary dentine deposition in pulp, changes in periodontium, cementum apposition, root resorption and root translucency. Each factor was alloted a score regarding degree of changes in the tooth. Total score was calculated and transferred to the estimated age according to Gustafson ́s formula. A regression line was drawn from known age and the total score to create a new regression formula. A standard error of 5.38 and 5.33 years was obtained with Gustafson’s formula and newly derived formula, respectively. Conclusion: Third molars are considered the most variable teeth in dentition. Although Gustafson suggested the usefulness of this method ideally in single rooted teeth, we found a singnificant correlation between physiological changes of third molars and age of an individual. In conclusion, despite of its variability third molar can be used for forensic purposes of age estimation in cases with no other tooth available.
Firm-Level Momentum: Theory and Evidence

This paper argues that the protability of momentum strategies can be tied to the dynamics of rm-specic factors. We frame our argument within a model and test its predictions. We show that momentum can exist when the log market value of equity is increasing and convex (or decreasing and concave) with respect to the log price of the commodity produced by the rm. The addition of growth options will increase the convexity, and thus the prots from a momentum strategy. Costs, on the other hand, decrease convexity and lower momentum.