Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biography: Kiyosi Itô and his influence on the study of agricultural finance and economics

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review the life of the famous mathematician Kiyosi Ito and discuss his influence on the study of agricultural finance and agricultural economics. Design/methodology/approach - This paper is a qualitative historical review. Findings - The paper provides a biographical stretch of Ito's life. It is shown that his influence started to infiltrate the agricultural economics profession at around 1985 and is currently a major influence of a range of economic issues from farm policy to agricultural investments. Research limitations/implications - The biography is limited to a review of Ito's academic life and influence. Practical implications - The paper offers a historical perspective on how probability emerged as a critical piece of the economic puzzle. For scholars and practitioners of agricultural finance, the paper provides an in depth review of how Ito processes have, and can, be used. Originality/value - This paper provides a historical perspective on Ito that is of use to students and scholars of rural credit. This is the first “biography” of Ito to discuss his influence on agricultural finance and agricultural economics.
Magnetization Process of an HTS Motor and the Torque Ripple Suppression

This paper describes in detail the magnetization process of a synchronous motor, constructed with High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) elements on the rotor. The Pulse Field Magnetization (PFM) method is considered to magnetize the HTS rotor as a four-pole trapped flux magnet. A 2D model is built for the magnetization process. During the machine operation, intolerable torque ripples occur, which are mainly caused by the irregular field distribution from the magnetized HTS rotor. In order to suppress the large torque ripples, an iterative learning control method is used in addition to the traditional field-oriented control method.
Hierarchical Video Generation from Orthogonal Information: Optical Flow and Texture

Learning to represent and generate videos from unlabeled data is a very challenging problem. To generate realistic videos, it is important not only to ensure that the appearance of each frame is real, but also to ensure the plausibility of a video motion and consistency of a video appearance in the time direction. The process of video generation should be divided according to these intrinsic difficulties. In this study, we focus on the motion and appearance information as two important orthogonal components of a video, and propose Flow-and-Texture-Generative Adversarial Networks (FTGAN) consisting of FlowGAN and TextureGAN. In order to avoid a huge annotation cost, we have to explore a way to learn from unlabeled data. Thus, we employ optical flow as motion information to generate videos. FlowGAN generates optical flow, which contains only the edge and motion of the videos to be begerated. On the other hand, TextureGAN specializes in giving a texture to optical flow generated by FlowGAN. This hierarchical approach brings more realistic videos with plausible motion and appearance consistency. Our experiments show that our model generates more plausible motion videos and also achieves significantly improved performance for unsupervised action classification in comparison to previous GAN works. In addition, because our model generates videos from two independent information, our model can generate new combinations of motion and attribute that are not seen in training data, such as a video in which a person is doing sit-up in a baseball ground.
Beneficial Management Practice Adoption in Five Southern Ontario Watersheds

ABSTRACT This paper presents an analysis of 481 landowners' self-administered questionnaires from recent surveys in five southern Ontario watersheds. Farmers opposed “excessive” regulation but wanted government financial support for implementing environmental practices voluntarily. Logistic regression models for adoption rate and gross sales helped identify the variables that predicted the Adoption Rate Index (ARI) and Gross Farm Sales (GFS). Farm size, the adoption rate of best management practices, age and education predicted gross farm sales for combined data sets. Minimum regulations, financial incentives, outreach and technical support for voluntary programs geared to different farm types and sizes are needed for effective environmental management.
Percent-Predicted 6-Minute Walk Distance in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy to Account for Maturational Influences

We recently described a modified version of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) based partly on the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines. This measure has shown reliability, validity and utility as a primary outcome measure in DMD clinical trials. Because loss of muscle function in DMD occurs against the background of normal childhood growth and development, younger children with DMD can show increase in distance walked during 6MWT over ~1 year despite progressive muscular impairment. In this study, we compare 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) data from DMD boys (n=17) and typically developing control subjects (n=22) to existing normative data from age- and sex-matched children and adolescents. An age- and height-based equation fitted to normative data by Geiger and colleagues was used to convert 6MWD to a percent-predicted (%-predicted) value in boys with DMD. Analysis of %-predicted 6MWD data represents a method to account for normal growth and development, and shows that gains in function at early ages represents stable rather than improving abilities in boys with DMD. Boys with DMD from 4-7 years of age maintain a stable 6MWD approximately 80% of that of typically developing peers, with the deficit progressing at a variable rate thereafter.
A Tale of Market Efficiency

The efficient market hypothesis (EMH) has been subject to debate for decades. The field of behavioral finance was developed in response to the body of anomalous evidence with regard to the EMH. Considering theoretical and empirical research, we summarize the debate on weak form market efficiency. Testing methodologies developed in the early aftermath of the first discussions are explored and recent alternative approaches are reviewed. As a way out of the stalemate, we consider Lo’s adaptive markets hypothesis (AMH). However, some empirical inconsistencies in the observed pattern of efficiency keep this theory from entering mainstream academic finance. From our review of the tale of market efficiency, we suggest that future research is geared towards the further development of time-varying test methodologies and the establishment of a new theoretical framework on efficiency to go along with the empirical findings.
A Look Back on the Work of the Joint Japanese-Chinese History Research Committee

However, a significant proportion of this coverage consisted of articles and analysts’ commentary that were based on misconceptions and that showed an insufficient understanding of this round of joint research. As Japanese chair of the research committee, the author would like to look back over the developments surrounding the discussions to date, identify some of the misconceptions and fallacies that are currently being peddled, and clarify the significance of the joint research.
Finding the Unicorn: Predicting Early Stage Startup Success Through a Hybrid Intelligence Method

Artificial intelligence is an emerging topic and will soon be able to perform decisions better than humans. In more complex and creative contexts such as innovation, however, the question remains whether machines are superior to humans. Machines fail in two kinds of situations: processing and interpreting “soft” information (information that cannot be quantified) and making predictions in “unknowable risk” situations of extreme uncertainty. In such situations, the machine does not have representative information for a certain outcome. Thereby, humans are still the “gold standard” for assessing “soft” signals and make use intuition. To predict the success of startups, we, thus, combine the complementary capabilities of humans and machines in a Hybrid Intelligence method. To reach our aim, we follow a design science research approach to develop a Hybrid Intelligence method that combines the strength of both machine and collective intelligence to demonstrate its utility for predictions under extreme uncertainty.
Digital spelling BCI based on visual-auditory associate stimulation

Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) provide direct and non-muscular communication methods for the people with severe motor impairments. Event-related potentials (ERPs) as efficient modals are commonly used in some of the BCI systems, including visual stimulus, auditory stimulus as well as tactile stimulus. In this experiment, the corresponding Chinese pronunciations were inserted into the visual Oddball series of 1-9 numbers to carry out the cross-sense stimuli of BCI. The experimental data analysis result proves that the P300 components produced by visual-auditory associate stimulation have higher amplitudes and shorter latencies than those produced by visual-only stimulus. For further analysis the constrained independent component analysis (cICA) method was applied when extracting the signal features of ERP and the support vector machine (SVM) method was used to BCI classification. Result proves that the ERPs produced by visual-auditory associate stimulation modal have better recognition efficiency than those in visual-only stimulation. It can relevant the capacity of information alteration in BCI and is worth to do more studies.
Gold nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide for localized surface plasmon resonance

In this paper we demonstrate the localized surface plasmon technique using gold nanoparticles reduced graphene oxide (AuNPs-rGO) on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. The gold nanoparticles were fabricated using seed-mediated growth method while reduced graphene oxide via reduction of L-ascorbic acid. The sphere nanoparticles were grown on ITO substrate with diameters between 20 nm to 50 nm while the reduced graphene oxide structure is wrinkled as captured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The absorption spectrum of the gold nanoparticles was observed at 540 nm where the localized surface plasmon resonance properties were further studied by adding rGO layer onto AuNPs and tested in the air-water interface. The AuNPs covered by rGO layer have revealed good optical properties with simple and environmentally approach in localized surface plasmon resonance.
Collaborative Filtering with Social Exposure: A Modular Approach to Social Recommendation

This paper is concerned with how to make efficient use of social information to improve recommendations. Most existing social recommender systems assume people share similar preferences with their social friends. Which, however, may not hold true due to various motivations of making online friends and dynamics of online social networks. Inspired by recent causal process based recommendations that first model user exposures towards items and then use these exposures to guide rating prediction, we utilize social information to capture user exposures rather than user preferences. We assume that people get information of products from their online friends and they do not have to share similar preferences, which is less restrictive and seems closer to reality. Under this new assumption, in this paper, we present a novel recommendation approach (named SERec) to integrate social exposure into collaborative filtering. We propose two methods to implement SERec, namely social regularization and social boosting, each with different ways to construct social exposures. Experiments on four real-world datasets demonstrate that our methods outperform the state-of-the-art methods on top-N recommendations. Further study compares the robustness and scalability of the two proposed methods.
Gender Differences in Foreign Policy Attitudes

Although a number of studies have reported gender differences on attitudes toward the use of force in foreign policy, several recent studies have reported that gender is a weak and non- significant predictor of foreign policy attitudes. The authors find that gender differences are significant even after a variety of demographic controls and that gender is among the most important demographic predictors of foreign policy attitudes. Gender differences have widened in scope over time and now include both foreign policy goals and tools. These differences are largest among the youngest cohorts. The determinants of women's and men's foreign policy attitudes, however, are essentially the same.
Severe rombergism due to gentamicin toxicity:

be taken without the particular diagnosis being disclosed; all those who need to know can be informed of the high infection risk. General practitioners and-other doctors, alert to the high infection risk state of the patients, are in a better position to question them more closely when illness occurs, with less likelihood of misunderstandings occurring or of dangerous delays in treatment. The control of infection officer (MB) holds a secure list of the diagnoses known to him from the laboratory tests; he can give informed advice when there are serious difficulties with patients with a high infection risk, such as needle-stick accidents. We have found this system workable and useful and would recommend it to others. Severe rombergism due to gentamicin toxicity SIR,-Drs Roderick Duncan and Ian D Melville (31 October, p 1141) describe a case ofrombergism with gentamicin toxicity. The patient was a 71 year old man who received genitamicin 80 mg three times a day intramuscularly for eight days and a second similar course lasting six days. The serum gentamicin concentration of 13-6 mg/l during the second course was presumably a trough value. No values for weight or serum creatinine were given. In this case gentamicin toxicity was probably entirely predictable and therefore preventable. The British National Formulaty recommends that the dose interval for gentamicin should be increased to 12 hours when the creatinine clearance is 30-70 ml/min. Creatinine clearance falls with age, and a number of equations have been developed to predict this from age, sex, weight, and serum creatinine, assuming steady state fluid balance. 12 All of these variables are available to the clinician before gentamicin is prescribed. According to the equation derived by Hull and others,' an apparently normal serum creatinine of 90 pumolIl would give a creatinine clearance of greater than 70 ml/min only if the patient weighed more than 71 kg. Even at the upper end of the normal reference range a serum creatinine of 120 pmol/l would given a creatinine clearance of greater than 70 ml/min only if the patient weighed over 95 7 kg. The patient was probably prescribed a three times daily regimen on the basis that his renal function was normal because the serum creatinine value was withip the normal reference range. This is a false premise, and in the elderly there can be important renal impairment with a normal serum creatinine concentration. There is no place for the …
The Finance and Real Estate Publications of Real Estate Editorial Board Members

The publication records in finance and real estate journals of editorial board members of the top three business-oriented real estate journals—Real Estate Economics, Journal of Real Estate Research, and Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics—are evaluated to discern the relative importance of both types of publication outlets in determining research excellence for real estate researchers. The temporal distribution of these publications is also assessed. Findings show that the overwhelming majority of board member publications are in real estate journals with a trend toward publishing primarily in real estate journals and that publication in finance journals is not a prerequisite for being designated a board member of a top real estate journal. The finance publications of real estate editorial board members are in premier finance journals, however, which implies a concurrent high level of quality on all real estate research. These findings support the argument that real estate should be viewed as a s.
Biases Between Measured and Simulated SMOS Brightness Temperatures Over Ocean: Influence of Sun

More than two years after the launch of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission in November 2009, the level 1C brightness temperatures (TB) reprocessed with the up-to-date ESA level 1 processing version (the level 1 processor V5.04 and V5.05) have been released. Systematic biases of several Kelvins are still observed between averaged TB measurements and simulations, and depend on the location of the measurement in the field of view (FOV). The systematic biases may originate from imperfections in instrument calibration, image reconstruction, TB forward model, and in removing influence of external sources (Sun, galaxy, etc.). These systematic biases are monitored using the so-called “Ocean Target Transformation” (OTT) and are analyzed during two years (May 2010-April 2012). The peak to peak variations in OTTs are higher than 1 K in magnitude. We find large variations of OTTs where Sun contaminations are expected, in locations affected by Sun aliases and Sun tails. The seasonal variation of OTTs computed over descending passes is opposite to the seasonal variation of the physical antenna patch temperature of the noise injection radiometer (Tp7), whereas the link between the temporal variation of OTTs during ascending passes with the one of Tp7 is less clear. In addition, there are no clear correlations between seasonal variations in OTTs in terms of Stokes 1 and geophysical parameters, such as scattered galactic signal. This suggests that the seasonal variations in OTTs is likely to come from the instrument heating and the imperfect L1 image reconstruction.
Relative accuracy and predictive ability of direct valuation methods, price to aggregate earnings method and a hybrid approach

In this paper, we assess the relative performance of the direct valuation method and industry multiplier models using 41 435 firm-quarter Value Line observations over an 11 year (1990-2000) period. Results from both pricing-error and return-prediction analyses indicate that direct valuation yields lower percentage pricing errors and greater return prediction ability than the forward price to aggregated forecasted earnings multiplier model. However, a simple hybrid combination of these two methods leads to more accurate intrinsic value estimates, compared to either method used in isolation. It would appear that fundamental analysis could benefit from using one approach as a check on the other.
Mitotic Catastrophe in Malignant Epithelial Tumors: The Pathologist’s Viewpoint

Mitotic catastrophe is a common phenomenon occurring in tumor cells with impaired p53 function exposed to various cytotoxic and genotoxic agents. The defective p53 checkpoint causes improper segregation of chromosomes, resulting in aberrant mitosis, multiple micronuclei, multinucleate giant cells, and eventual necrosis-like death and centrosome aberration. Although various descriptions explaining mitotic catastrophe exist, there is still no generally accepted definition of this phenomenon. However, the syndrome of mitotic catastrophe may be a unifying morphological concept of particular interest to cancer research, as it integrally links cell death to checkpoints of the cell cycle. Morphological findings compatible with mitotic catastrophe may be found in pleomorphic, giant cell carcinomas—neoplasms characterized by a poor prognosis. The inclusion of mitotic catastrophe as part of the microscopic evaluation of tumors will add further insight to the pathobiology of tumor progression and in novel therapeutic designs. Finally, the possibility of assimilating mitotic catastrophe into a prognostic score is discussed.
Gibson's Paradox and Policy Regimes: A Comparison of the Experience in the US, UK and Italy

This paper compares the behavior of long-term interest rates and prices in Italy, the United Kingdom and the United States, and seeks to shed light into what has become known as the 'Gibson paradox. ' The authors compare the various theoretical explanations for the observed positive correlation of interest rates and prices in the United States and the United Kingdom. Using both regression and frequency domain techniques, they demonstrate that there is little evidence for the occurrence of the paradox in the case of Italy. The key conclusion of the paper is that the comparative evidence from these three countries supports a gold standard interpretation of the paradox. Copyright 1996 by Scottish Economic Society.
Development and evaluation of sliding mode schemes for the RECONFIGURE benchmark problem

This paper describes the development and evaluation of sliding mode schemes to handle actuator and sensor faults for the RECONFIGURE benchmark problem. For the actuator fault problem, a linear parameter varying (LPV) sliding mode control allocation scheme has been developed. The scheme is retro-fitted to the existing baseline controller. When faults/failures are present in an elevator, the LPV sliding mode activates and re-allocates the control signal to the remaining healthy elevators. For the sensor fault problem, an LPV sliding mode observer (SMO) has been developed in such a way that the effect of uncertainty on the fault reconstruction as well as the effect of the observer-plant mismatch due to uncertain scheduling parameters are minimised. Both schemes have been coded using the AIRBUS graphical library so that they can be directly implemented on an industrial flight control computer. Both schemes are evaluated using Monte-Carlo simulations for various manoeuvres.
ACTIN FILAMENT ALTERATIONS IN GLOMERULAR EPITHELIAL CELLS OF ADRIAMYCIN‐INDUCED NEPHROTIC RATS

The alterations of actin filaments in the glomerular epithelial cells of adriamycin‐induced nephrotic rats were studied by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry using both of the peroxidase‐antiperoxidase and avidin‐biotin methods. After the administration of adriamycin, the glomerular epithelial cells showed cell swelling, deformation of cell shape, vacuole formations, retraction or fusion of foot processes, detachment of the plasma membrane from the glomerular besement membrane (GBM), and an increase of cellular organelles. In parallel with these alterations, abnormal distribution of intracytoplasmic microfilaments of 5–6 nm in diameter was observed, which formed clusters, particularly gathering densely along the plasma membrane of the fused foot processes that abutted the GBM. Immnohistochemically, actin was demonstrated on the site of the above described filaments. The above results suggest that actin filaments may closely relate to the morphological maintenance of the glomerular epithelial cells and to their function as well.