Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hidden Tractable Classes: From Theory to Practice

Tractable classes constitute an important issue in CP, at least from a theoretical viewpoint. But they are not actually used in practice. Either their treatment is too costly for time complexity or, even if there exist efficient algorithms to manage them, they do not appear in the real problems. We propose here to address this issue thanks to the notion of hidden tractable classes. Such classes are based on a known tractable class C, and a transformation t, and are defined by sets of instances P such that their transformation using t is in C, that is t (P) in C. We propose a general framework to study such notions. After, we focus our study on the tractable class BTP, and several transformations which are the filterings classically used in CP. We show then that the use of filterings allows sometimes to highlight the occurrence of BTP in the benchmarks generally considered for solver comparisons, i.e. That BTP is sometimes "hidden" in the benchmarks. Thus, this approach allows to extend the set of known tractable classes.
Steering Autonomous Driving Agents Through Intersections in Virtual Urban Environments

This paper explores how autonomous driving agents drive through intersections in virtual urban environments. The knowledge about where a vehicle runs on an intersection is embedded in environment database. Control of how and when a vehicle runs through an intersection is provided by vehicle behaviors. Vehicle control for traversing an intersection is divided into cruising behavior, following behavior, and intersection behavior. The component behaviors are integrated together to steer an autonomous driving agent through intersections. Before a virtual vehicle enters an intersection, the driving agent should make a decision that the vehicle either goes forward to pass the intersection or stops before the intersection. The chosen action is then applied to vehicle control. Because the ambient traffic and the status of traffic control signals on the intersection are dynamic, the decision should also be made on each time
An intelligent tutoring system for program semantics

In this paper, the authors described an item of e-learning software that is intended to help students taking university computer science courses to understand the fundamentals of logic programming and deductive database semantics. The software is implemented in PROLOG and empowers students to explore their understanding of the semantics of logic programs and deductive databases. The software is also able to intelligently diagnose student misconceptions and includes a number of example programs/databases that permit students to test their understanding. The development and evaluation of the software was described, and details of the analysis of the results of the investigation was presented into the effectiveness of the e-learning tool. The results of the field study of the e-learning tool suggest that it of value in helping students to understand program and database semantics.
Icmn : Efficient Routing Using Spray Mechanisms

while routing is being carried out from source to destination, at times there might not be the path between source and destination. These networks are called intermittent networks. These occasions will occur mostly in mobile networks which are called intermittently Connected Mobile Networks(ICMN). Intermittently connected mobile networks are wireless networks where most of the time there does not exist a complete path from the source to the destination. There are many real networks that follow this model, for example, wildlife tracking sensor networks, military networks, vehicular ad hoc networks, Habitat monitoring sensor networks etc. Even though conventional routing schemes can be used but they fail because these will try to establish a continuous path between source and destination before data is sent. While flooding-based schemes have a high probability of delivery, they waste a lot of energy and suffer from severe contention which can significantly degrade their performance, hence they cannot be used. Also flooding based schemes are available, but due to large delays they are not adopted. So a different routing technique called “Spray routing” has been proposed which can provide efficient data routing with the help of
Development of a Moisture-in-Solid-Insulation Sensor for Power Transformers

Moisture is an important variable that must be kept under control to guarantee a safe operation of power transformers. Because of the hydrophilic character of cellulose, water mainly remains in the solid insulation, while just a few parts per million are dissolved in oil. The distribution of moisture between paper and oil is not static, but varies depending on the insulation temperature, and thus, water migration processes take place continuously during transformers operation. In this work, a sensor is presented that allows the determination of the moisture content of the transformer solid insulation in the steady state and during the moisture migration processes. The main objective of the design is that the electrodes of the sensor should not obstruct the movement of water from the solid insulation to the oil, so the proposed prototype uses a metallic-mesh electrode to do the measurements. The measurement setup is based on the characterization of the insulation dielectric response by means of the frequency dielectric spectroscopy (FDS) method. The sensitivity of the proposed sensor has been tested on samples with a moisture content within 1% to 5%, demonstrating the good sensitivity and repeatability of the measurements.
On the Geometry of Bayesian Graphical Models with Hidden Variables

In this paper we investigate the geometry of the likelihood of the unknown parameters in a simple class of Bayesian directed graphs with hidden variables. This enables us, before any numerical algorithms are employed, to obtain certain insights in the nature of the unidentifiability inherent in such models, the way posterior densities will be sensitive to prior densities and the typical geometrical form these posterior densities might take. Many of these insights carry over into more complicated Bayesian networks with systematic missing data.
Energy Saving and Added Customer Value in Intelligent Buildings

The usefulness of agent technology in the domain of power distribution and building automation is investigated. A system consisting of a collection of software agents that monitor and control a small office building using the electrical devices present in the building has been developed. Communication between agents and devices is achieved via the existing power lines. The objectives of the application are both energy saving (by controlling lights, heating, ventilation, etc.) and enhancement of customer value (by taking into account the personal desiderata of the people in the building). The agent system has been designed to be easily configured and customised, in order to deal with different building environments. We are currently experimenting with simulations, and preparing for fielded experiments that will commence in Villa Wega (Ronneby, Sweden) where a large part of the required hardware is already in place.
A Collaborative Game to Study Presence and Situational Awareness in a Physical and an Augmented Reality Environment

While augmented reality research has grown into a mature field over the last years, the aspects of situational awareness and presence of augmented reality (AR) are still quite open research topics. This paper introduces a collaborative game to explore the different perception of situational awareness and presence in a physical and an AR environment. The game is employed as an approximation of collaboratively solving complex problems. The goal of the game is to jointly build a tower with either physical blocks in a physical environment or virtual blocks in an augmented reality environment. A first study with 18 users shows the feasibility of the game and questionnaire design for studying the different perception of situational awareness and presence in a physical and an AR environment. The study further identifies necessary future research with regard to the perception of presence and awareness in AR.
Quantitative Trait Loci for Yield and Yield-Related Traits in Spring Barley Populations Derived from Crosses between European and Syrian Cultivars

In response to climatic changes, breeding programmes should be aimed at creating new cultivars with improved resistance to water scarcity. The objective of this study was to examine the yield potential of barley recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from three cross-combinations of European and Syrian spring cultivars, and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for yield-related traits in these populations. RILs were evaluated in field experiments over a period of three years (2011 to 2013) and genotyped with simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers; a genetic map for each population was constructed and then one consensus map was developed. Biological interpretation of identified QTLs was achieved by reference to Ensembl Plants barley gene space. Twelve regions in the genomes of studied RILs were distinguished after QTL analysis. Most of the QTLs were identified on the 2H chromosome, which was the hotspot region in all three populations. Syrian parental cultivars contributed alleles decreasing traits' values at majority of QTLs for grain weight, grain number, spike length and time to heading, and numerous alleles increasing stem length. The phenomic and molecular approaches distinguished the lines with an acceptable grain yield potential combining desirable features or alleles from their parents, that is, early heading from the Syrian breeding line (Cam/B1/CI08887//CI05761) and short plant stature from the European semidwarf cultivar (Maresi).
The LAMA Planner Using Landmark Counting in Heuristic Search

LAMA is a propositional planning system based on heuristic search. Its core feature is the use of a pseudo-heuristic derived from landmarks, propositions that must be true in every solution of a planning task. It builds on the Fast Downward Planning System, using non-binary (but finite domain) state variables, and multi-heuristic search. A weighted A∗ search is used with iteratively decreasing weights, so that the planner continues to search for plans of better quality until the search
Long-term infliximab treatment in rheumatoid arthritis: subsequent outcome of initial responders.

OBJECTIVE Patients may cease therapy with anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents due to inefficacy at 12 weeks (termed primary non-response) or later. Until now, the extent of this later secondary non-response has not been clearly defined. We followed-up a substantial single-centre cohort to determine kinetics of this secondary loss of response. The licensed dose of 3 mg/kg was used throughout. METHODS Prospective data collection since anti-TNF therapy introduction in 1999 formed the basis of the analysis. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis who received infliximab as their first biologic agent, with at least 2 yrs follow-up were included. All relevant clinical data to calculate DAS-28 score and EULAR response were collected at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. Reasons for cessation in those patients achieving a EULAR response at 3 months (secondary failures) were determined. RESULTS Of a total of 309 patients commenced on infliximab, 290 received this as their first biologic agent. ; 195 commenced > or = 2 yrs ago. Efficacy data to identify EULAR responders at 3 months was available in 174 patients. Sixty-seven per cent achieved a 'moderate' or 'good' EULAR response; 25% failed to achieve a response, 8% developed toxicity within the first 12 weeks. Of the primary responders, over 55% subsequently ceased therapy in the first year, the predominant reason was a secondary loss of response; other reasons included high disease activity despite achieving a definable response, toxicity, and intercurrent illness. Subsequent loss of response in the second year was less pronounced. CONCLUSIONS This study of patients treated in clinical practice with infliximab demonstrated that secondary non-response occurred in around half the patients in the first year. The data highlight the need to continue development of other therapies as well as investigation of the underlying causes of this loss of response.
Cortical and subcortical interactions during action reprogramming and their related white matter pathways

The right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) and the presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA) have been identified with cognitive control—the top-down influence on other brain areas when nonroutine behavior is required. It has been argued that they “inhibit” habitual motor responses when environmental changes mean a different response should be made. However, whether such “inhibition” can be equated with inhibitory physiological interactions has been unclear, as has the areas’ relationship with each other and the anatomical routes by which they influence movement execution. Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (ppTMS) was applied over rIFG and primary motor cortex (M1) or over pre-SMA and M1 to measure their interactions, at a subsecond scale, during either inhibition and reprogramming of actions or during routine action selection. Distinct patterns of functional interaction between pre-SMA and M1 and between rIFG and M1 were found that were specific to action reprogramming trials; at a physiological level, direct influences of pre-SMA and rIFG on M1 were predominantly facilitatory and inhibitory, respectively. In a subsequent experiment, it was shown that the rIFG's inhibitory influence was dependent on pre-SMA. A third experiment showed that pre-SMA and rIFG influenced M1 at two time scales. By regressing white matter fractional anisotropy from diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images against TMS-measured functional connectivity, it was shown that short-latency (6 ms) and longer latency (12 ms) influences were mediated by cortico-cortical and subcortical pathways, respectively, with the latter passing close to the subthalamic nucleus.
Pairing Fruit and Vegetables to Promote Consumption in Elementary School Cafeterias.

Purpose/Objectives This study evaluated a behavioral economic strategy which paired a fresh cold fruit and cold vegetable to increase consumption of vegetables among elementary school children. Methods The 14-day study was conducted in 12 public elementary schools in a suburban school district, which follows the offer model allowing students to select either a fruit or vegetable. The percent of students who consumed the target vegetable was measured and compared between 6 experimental and 6 control schools using a logistic regression framework. Odds ratio tests were used to determine how much more likely a student at an experimental school was to consume the cold vegetable in comparison to a student at a control school. Results
Inferential Motion Control: Identification and Robust Control Framework for Positioning an Unmeasurable Point of Interest

Performance requirements in precision motion systems, including those used in integrated circuit manufacturing and printing systems, are ever increasing. For instance, internal deformations cannot be neglected anymore. As a result, measured signals at sensor locations cannot be used directly to evaluate performance at the point of interest. The aim of this brief is to develop an inferential motion control framework that explicitly distinguishes between performance variables and measured variables. In the proposed framework, a dynamic model is used to infer the performance variables from the measured variables. As the inferred performance variables depend on the model quality, an identification for robust inferential control approach is pursued that tightly captures the uncertainty. Experimental results on a prototype motion system reveal that ignoring internal deformations using traditional motion control design approaches can lead to disastrous performance at the point of interest. In addition, it is shown that the proposed inferential motion control framework leads to high performance at the unmeasurable point of interest.
New Resolution Strategy for Multi-scale Reaction Waves using Time Operator Splitting and Space Adaptive Multiresolution: Application to Human Ischemic Stroke

We tackle the numerical simulation of reaction-diffusion equations modeling multi-scale reaction waves. This type of problems induces peculiar difficulties and potentially large stiffness which stem from the broad spectrum of temporal scales in the nonlinear chemical source term as well as from the presence of large spatial gradients in the reactive fronts, spatially very localized. In this paper, we introduce a new resolution strategy based on time operator splitting and space adaptive multiresolution in the context of very localized and stiff reaction fronts. Based on recent theoretical studies of numerical analysis, such a strategy leads to a splitting time step which is not restricted neither by the fastest scales in the source term nor by restrictive diffusive step stability limits, but only by the physics of the phenomenon. We aim thus at solving accurately complete models including all time and space scales of the phenomenon, considering large simulation domains with conventional computing resources. The efficiency of the method is evaluated through 2D and 3D numerical simulations of a human ischemic stroke model, conducted on a simplified brain geometry, for which a simple parallelization strategy for shared memory architectures was implemented, in order to reduce computing costs related to "detailed chemistry" features of the model.
Affordance in interaction

The concept of affordance has different interpretations in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). However, its treatment has been merely as a one-to-one relationship between a user and a technology. We believe that a broader view of affordances is needed which encompasses social and cultural aspects of our everyday life. We propose an interaction-centered view of affordance that can be useful for developing better understandings of designed artefacts. An interaction-centered view of affordance suggests that affordance is an interpretative relationship between users and the technology that emerges during the users' interaction with the technology in the lived environments. We distinguish two broad classes of affordances: affordance in Information and affordance in Articulation. Affordance in information refers to users' understanding of a technology based on their semantic and syntactic interpretation; and affordance in articulation refers to users' interpretations about the use of the technology. We also argue that the notion of affordance should be treated at two levels: at the 'artefact level' and at the 'practice level'. Consequently, we provide two examples to demonstrate our arguments.
A mediator for statistical linked data

This paper introduces a mediation architecture to help describing and consuming statistical data, exposed as RDF triples, but stored in relational databases. The architecture features a catalogue of linked data cube descriptions, created according to the Linked Data principles. The catalogue has a standardized description for each data cube actually stored in each statistical (relational) database known to the mediation environment. The mediator offers an interface to browse the linked data cube descriptions and exports the data cubes as RDF triples, generated on demand from the underlying databases.
An exclusion zone for massive MIMO with underlay D2D communication

Fifth generation networks will incorporate a variety of new features in wireless networks such as data offloading, D2D communication, and Massive MIMO. Massive MIMO is specially appealing since it achieves huge gains while enabling simple processing like MRC receivers. It suffers, though, from a major shortcoming refereed to as pilot contamination. In this paper we propose a framework in which, a D2D underlaid Massive MIMO system is implemented and we will prove that this scheme can reduce the pilot contamination problem while enabling an optimization of the system spectral efficiency. The D2D communication will help maintaining the network coverage while allowing a better channel estimation to be performed.
Proof of concept of a cloud compilation service for robotics wireless programming

Ubiquitous computing, known also as internet of things, is often considered as the post internet revolution, where devices are embedded in everyday objects that can communicate and take decision automatically without human intervention. However, in spite of their quick popularity and the maturity of both embedded architectures and computer science programming, designing flexible ubiquitous system remains a complex task especially for beginners. The main objective is to create a flexible platform designed to facilitate the design of embedded systems for ubiquitous applications. This platform is suitable for users with low programming skills. As a proof of concept, the authors choose as ubiquitous system a mobile robot that its functionality can be modified easily by the proposed platform. The compilation of the code corresponding to the new robot functionality is obtained using a distant CLOUD server, the program is compiled there, then loaded to the robot using a wireless programmer. In this paper the authors present the general structure of the designed system, then they go through the different steps to implement the robot compiler in the cloud and test it.
Strathprints Institutional Repository a Symmetric Nodal Conservative Finite Element Method for the Darcy Equation

(2009) A symmetric nodal conservative finite element method for the Darcy equation. SIAM Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (http://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. (2009) A symmetric nodal conservative finite element method for the Darcy equation. This version has been peer-reviewed but does not include the final publisher proof corrections, published layout or pagination. Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (http://strathprints.strath.ac.uk) and the content of this paper for research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. You may freely distribute the url Abstract. This work introduces and analyzes novel stable Petrov-Galerkin Enriched Methods (PGEM) for the Darcy problem based on the simplest but unstable continuous P 1 /P 0 pair. Stability is recovered inside a Petrov-Galerkin framework where element-wise dependent residual functions, named multi-scale functions, enrich both velocity and pressure trial spaces. Unlike the velocity test space that is augmented with bubble-like functions, multi-scale functions correct edge residuals as well. The multi-scale functions turn out to be the well-known lowest order Raviart-Thomas basis functions for the velocity and discontinuous quadratics polynomial functions for the pressure. The enrichment strategy suggests the way to recover the local mass conservation property for nodal-based interpolation spaces. We prove that the method and its symmetric version are well-posed and achieve optimal error estimates in natural norms. Numerical validations confirm claimed theoretical results.