Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sentiment Analysis of English Tweets Using Rapid Miner

Social networking sites these days are great source of communication for internet users. So these are important source for understanding the emotions of people. In this paper, we use data mining techniques for the purpose of classification to perform sentiment analysis on the views people have shared in Twitter. We collect dataset, i.e. The tweets from twitter that are in natual language and apply text mining techniques -- tokenization, stemming etc to convert them into useful form and then use it for building sentiment classifier that is able to predict happy, sad and neutral sentiments for a particular tweet. Rapid Miner tool is being used, that helps in building the classifier as well as able to apply it to the testing dataset. We are using two different classifiers and also compare their results in order to find which one gives better results.
Comparison of Classification Techniques used in Machine Learning as Applied on Vocational Guidance Data

Recent developments in information systems as well as computerization of business processes by organizations have led to a faster, easier and more accurate data analysis. Data mining and machine learning techniques have been used increasingly in the analysis of data in various fields ranging from medicine to finance, education and energy applications. Machine learning techniques make it possible to deduct meaningful further information from those data processed by data mining. Such meaningful and significant information helps organizations to establish their future policies on a sounder basis, and to gain major advantages in terms of time and cost. This study applies classification algorithms used in data mining and machine learning techniques on those data obtained from individuals during the vocational guidance process, and tries to determine the most appropriate algorithm.
Duraplasty is required for Chiari decompression !

We read the article by Hayhurst et al. on ‘Hindbrain decompression for Chiari-syringomyelia complex: an outcome analysis comparing surgical techniques’ with interest. We found the authors conclusions on bone only decompression interesting and worth discussion. The literature on Chiari decompression strongly supports duraplasty in symptomatic patients with Chiari malformation. We previously reported on a case of orthostasis, with significant differences in supine/standing arterial pressures and suboccipital headaches in a patient with Chiari malformation with full relief of symptoms after ‘traditional’ Chiari decompression surgery: craniectomy, duraplasty and tonsillar shrinkage. With this patient we found intraoperatively that the patients arterial pressure was not affected during bony decompression or durotomy; however, there was a significant effect on arterial pressure when the tonsils were resected. We found that the key component for patients with orthostasis or hypotension is not the bony decompression/expanding the foramen magnum or the duraplasty, but rather relieving the ventral compression of the cerebellar tonsils on the brainstem via tonsillar shrinkage. Oldfield et al. with the use of cine MRI on Chiari I malformation patients postulated the cause of symptoms were due to obstruction of CSF flow at the foramen magnum, by the cerebellar tonsils, which plug the subarachnoid space posteriorly, moving downward with each systolic pulse, acting as a piston on the partially isolated spinal CSF and producing a systolic pressure wave in the spinal CSF that acts on the surface of the spinal cord. All patients in Oldfield’s study underwent duraplasty with relief of abnormal CSF flow. In 2003, Sansur et al. demonstrated that the pathology associated with cough headaches in Chiari malformations is secondary to occlusion of the subarachnoid space at the foramen magnum causing elevated intrathecal pressures, again requiring duraplasty to relieve the symptoms. In closing, we commend Hayhurst et al. on their clinical outcomes, however, we do not support their conclusions of utilizing a bony decompression alone for Chiari patients with only headaches, it does not address the pathophysiology of the headache, which is increased intrathecal pressure secondary to obstruction of free CSF flow in the subarachnoid space, which literature has demonstrated duraplasty relieved the elevated intrathecal pressures. Thus, in our opinion, the literature does not support bony decompression alone for any Chiari patient, and it is up to the neurosurgeon to decide between duraplasty alone or duraplasty with cerebellar tonsillar shrinkage. In addition, we recommend preoperative cine MRI on all Chiari patients.
Transmission of Chronic Wasting Disease in Wisconsin White-Tailed Deer: Implications for Disease Spread and Management

Few studies have evaluated the rate of infection or mode of transmission for wildlife diseases, and the implications of alternative management strategies. We used hunter harvest data from 2002 to 2013 to investigate chronic wasting disease (CWD) infection rate and transmission modes, and address how alternative management approaches affect disease dynamics in a Wisconsin white-tailed deer population. Uncertainty regarding demographic impacts of CWD on cervid populations, human and domestic animal health concerns, and potential economic consequences underscore the need for strategies to control CWD distribution and prevalence. Using maximum-likelihood methods to evaluate alternative multi-state deterministic models of CWD transmission, harvest data strongly supports a frequency-dependent transmission structure with sex-specific infection rates that are two times higher in males than females. As transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are an important and difficult-to-study class of diseases with major economic and ecological implications, our work supports the hypothesis of frequency-dependent transmission in wild deer at a broad spatial scale and indicates that effective harvest management can be implemented to control CWD prevalence. Specifically, we show that harvest focused on the greater-affected sex (males) can result in stable population dynamics and control of CWD within the next 50 years, given the constraints of the model. We also provide a quantitative estimate of geographic disease spread in southern Wisconsin, validating qualitative assessments that CWD spreads relatively slowly. Given increased discovery and distribution of CWD throughout North America, insights from our study are valuable to management agencies and to the general public concerned about the impacts of CWD on white-tailed deer populations.
Direct demonstration of negative regulation of tumor growth and metastasis by host-inducible nitric oxide synthase.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) II expression can be induced in the tumor bed, predominantly in host cells that infiltrate and surround a tumor. However, the impact of this physiological NOS II expression in host cells on tumor growth and metastasis remains unclear because of a lack of appropriate experimental approaches. In the present study, three NOS II-null (NOS II(-/-)) tumor cell lines, KX-dw1, KX-dw4, and KX-dw7, were established and verified using Southern, Northern, and Western blot analysis, and nitric oxide production assays. Cells from these lines were then s.c. and i.v. injected into NOS II(+/+) and NOS II(-/-) C57BL/6 mice. NOS II protein expression and enzyme activity were clearly detected in the tumors that formed in NOS II(+/+) mice but not in those that formed in NOS II(-/-) mice. Consistent with the absence of NOS II expression in the tumor stroma, KX-dw1, KX-dw4, and KX-dw7 cells grew much faster and produced many more experimental lung metastases in NOS II(-/-) mice than in NOS II(+/+) mice. Therefore, physiological expression of NOS II in host cells directly inhibits tumor growth and metastasis.
Defending Evidence‐Resistant Beliefs

There is a view in the literature around beliefs that evidence responsiveness is a necessary feature of beliefs. The reasoning is that because beliefs are governed by truth they must be evidence responsive. A mental state that fails to be evidence responsive, therefore, could not be a belief as it could not be governed by truth. The implication is that even those evidence-resistant mental states that appear to be beliefs are in fact something else. I argue that evidence resistance is a feature of at least some beliefs, so evidence responsiveness cannot be a necessary feature of belief.
Measuring the value-added of oil palm products with integrating SCOR model and discrete event simulation.

Oil palm processing industry in Malaysia can directly distribute the finished products in exporting without considering the transformation value of the product to the end customer. Nevertheless, it influences the configuration of the supply chain strategy. The purpose of this study measures the performance of supply chain configuration in oil palm business. The model use tools for measuring supply chain configuration with integrating SCOR models and discrete event simulation. Finding of this study revealed that the highest value-added of oil palm derivative product is scenario 5 which it proposes 100% CPO and CPKO deliver to the local refinery without distributing to the export and its finished products are distributed to the export through the port. Finally, it gives consideration to the stakeholders in controlling the system and then makes sure the business process keeps running on the track.
Intersensory Redundancy Guides Perceptual Learning: Discrimination of Tempo in 3-Month-Olds *

Bahrick and Lickliter (2000) recently proposed an intersensory redundancy hypothesis, which holds that in early development information presented redundantly and in temporal synchrony across two sensory modalities selectively recruits infant attention and facilitates perceptual learning more effectively than does the same information presented unimodally. In support of this hypothesis, we found that 5-month-old infants were able to differentiate between two complex rhythms when they were presented bimodally, but not when presented unimodally. The present study extended our test of the intersensory redundancy hypothesis to younger infants and to the amodal property of tempo. Results replicated and extended those of Bahrick and Lickliter (2000) by documenting that 3-month-old infants can discriminate a change in tempo following bimodal but not unimodal habituation. It appears that when infants are first learning to differentiate an amodal stimulus property, discrimination is facilitated by intersensory redundancy and attenuated under conditions of unimodal stimulation.
The importance of waist circumference in the definition of metabolic syndrome: prospective analyses of mortality in men.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive ability of the National Cholesterol Education Panel (NCEP), revised NCEP (NCEP-R), and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) metabolic syndrome criteria for mortality risk, and to examine the effects of waist circumference on mortality within the context of these criteria. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The sample included 20,789 white, non-Hispanic men 20-83 years of age from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. The main outcome measures were all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality over 11.4 years of follow-up. RESULTS The proportions of men with the metabolic syndrome were 19.7, 27, and 30% at baseline, respectively, according to NCEP, NCEP-R, and IDF criteria. A total of 632 deaths (213 CVD) occurred. The relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs of all-cause mortality were 1.36 (1.14-1.62), 1.31 (1.11-1.54), and 1.26 (1.07-1.49) for the NCEP, NCEP-R, and IDF definitions, respectively. The corresponding RRs for CVD mortality were 1.79 (1.35-2.37), 1.67 (1.27-2.19), and 1.67 (1.27-2.20). Additionally, there was a significant trend for a higher risk of CVD mortality across waist circumference categories (<94, 94-102, and >102 cm) among men with at least two additional metabolic syndrome risk factors (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The prediction of mortality with IDF and NCEP metabolic syndrome criteria was comparable in men. Waist circumference is a valuable component of metabolic syndrome; however, the IDF requirement of an elevated waist circumference warrants caution given that a large proportion of men with normal waist circumference have multiple risk factors and an increased risk of mortality.
Randomization‐based instrumental variables methods for binary outcomes with an application to the ‘IMPROVE’ trial

In randomized controlled trials with non‐adherence, instrumental variable (IV) methods are frequently used to report the complier average causal effect. With binary outcomes, many of the available IV estimation methods impose distributional assumptions. We develop a randomization‐inference‐based method of IV estimation for binary outcomes. The method is non‐parametric and is based on Fisher's exact test, and estimates can be easily calculated from a set of 2×2 or 2×2×2 tables. Although we retain the standard IV identification assumptions for confidence regions and point estimates, the IV estimand under randomization inference is sample specific and does not assume that the randomized controlled trials participants are a random sample from the target population. We illustrate the method with the ‘IMPROVE’ trial that compares emergency endovascular versus open surgical repair for patients with ruptured aortic aneurysms.
Flow Maps-Automatic Generation and Visualization in GIS

Flow maps are used in order to indicate movements by persons or objects in a given time period. The major problem concerning the production of flow maps is the appropriate placement of movement lines in the map. This paper presents a method of placing lines automatically, based on a modification of an exisiting algorithm. The algorithm has been implemented as an ArcMap extension and was subsequently tested with a data set representing pupil school transitions.
Ictal Heart Rate Variability Assessment with Focus on Secondary Generalized and Complex Partial Epileptic Seizures

The purpose of present study was to analyze the effects of epilepsy on the autonomic control of the heart in ictal phase of Secondary Generalized (SG) and Complex Partial (CP) epileptic seizures in order to find an algorithm for classification of epileptic and non-epileptic classes. Fifteen patients with epilepsy (eight males and seven females; mean age 42.2 years, SD: 12.64 years)comprising 96 secondary generalized seizures (six patients), 110 complex partial seizures (nine patients) were selected for this study. One lead ECG recordings of patients with epilepsies were compiled through long-term monitoring of epilepsy patients. HRV signal with duration of 5 minute, randomly cut out from seizure-free (five hours before the seizure) and seizure activities of both groups of epileptic patients were chosen to analysis of HRV in both kinds of epileptic seizure. A set of Time and Frequency domain and nonlinear parameters extracted from HRV is analyzed. 206 seizures were analyzed from fifteen patients. There was evidence for the increase of sympathetic in ictal phase of both SG and CP seizures, which significantly differ from seizure-free segments. There was a significant increase in Mean HR, LF/HF and SD2/SD1 ratio of SG when compared to same features of CP. Also there was significant decrease of R-R intervalsand S in SG seizurescompare to CP seizures. Our results indicate that there are a significant differences between autonomic behaviors of CP and SG subjects. Comparison of HR variables between two groups of epileptic patients during ictal phase indicates that SG seizures show more sympathetic activity in comparison with CP seizures. It can be conclude that the degree of autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction can be related to the type of epileptic seizure.
MRC-glove: A fMRI compatible soft robotic glove for hand rehabilitation application

In this paper, we present the design, fabrication and preliminary evaluation of a soft robotic glove which can be used with functional Magnetic Resonance imaging (fMRI) during the hand continuous passive motion (CPM) in rehabilitation. The device comprises of two major components: a) soft pneumatic actuators and b) a glove. The soft pneumatic actuators, which are made of silicon elastomers, generate a bending motion and actuate the finger joints upon pressurization. As the device contains no ferromagnetic materials and operates pneumatically, we hypothesize that the device is MR-compatible. Our results show that the device did not cause artifacts to the fMRI images during CPM. This study demonstrated the possibility of using fMRI and MR-compatible soft robotic glove (MRC-Glove) to study motor performances of the brain during CPM rehabilitation and unravel the effects of rehabilitation robotics on brain stimulation.
Lightweight, Early Identification of At-Risk CS1 Students

Being able to identify low-performing students early in the term may help instructors intervene or differently allocate course resources. Prior work in CS1 has demonstrated that clicker correctness in Peer Instruction courses correlates with exam outcomes and, separately, that machine learning models can be built based on early-term programming assessments. This work aims to combine the best elements of each of these approaches. We offer a methodology for creating models, based on in-class clicker questions, to predict cross-term student performance. In as early as week 3 in a 12-week CS1 course, this model is capable of correctly predicting students as being in danger of failing, or not, for 70% of the students, with only 17% of students misclassified as not at-risk when at-risk. Additional measures to ensure more broad applicability of the methodology, along with possible limitations, are explored.
Results on the quantitative μ-calculus qMμ

The μ-calculus is a powerful tool for specifying and verifying transition systems, including those with both demonic (universal) and angelic (existential) choice; its quantitative generalization qMμ extends to include probabilistic choice.We make two major contributions to the theory of such systems. The first is to show that for a finite-state system, the logical interpretation of qMμ, via fixed points in a domain of real-valued functions into [0, 1], is equivalent to an operational interpretation given as a turn-based gambling game between two players.The second contribution is to show that each player in the gambling game has an optimal memoryless strategy---that is, a strategy which is independent of the game's history, and with which a player can achieve his optimal expected reward however his opponent chooses to play. Moreover, since qMμ is expressive enough to encode stochastic parity games, our result implies the existence of memoryless strategies in that framework, as well.As an additional feature, we include an extensive case study demonstrating the aforementioned duality between games and logic. Among other things, it shows that the use of algorithmic verification techniques is mathematically justified in the practical computation of probabilistic system properties.
MOTOR SPEED DETECTION VIA SPECTRAL POST PROCESSING OF WAVELET PACKET COEFFICIENTS

This study deals with speed detection of induction motors by spectral post processing of wavelet packet decomposed motor current. The motor current is decomposed into wavelet packet coefficients first. Then, the fast Fourier transform is applied to the wavelet packet coefficients to get better resolution at minimal additional computational complexity. Finally, the resultant spectrum is analyzed for motor speed detection.
Performance evaluation of MLPC and MFCC for HMM based noisy speech recognition

In this paper auditory like features MLPC and MFCC have been used as front-end and their performance has been evaluated on Aurora-2 database for Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based noisy speech recognition. The clean data set is used for training and test set A is used to examine the performance. It has been found that almost the same recognition performance has been obtained both for MLPC and MFCC and the average word accuracy for MLPC and for MFCC is found to be 59.05% and 59.21%, respectively. It has also been observed that the MLPC is more effective than MFCC for noise type subway and exhibition, on the other hand, MFCC is more superior for babble and car noises.
A Genetic Algorithm Approach to Planning the Telecommunications Access Network

This paper describes an application of genetic algorithms to telecommunications network planning. A description is given of passive optical networks (PONs), a form of optical bre network. These networks increase the diiculty of the network planning task as their topology is more complex than that of traditional copper cable based networks. Computer tools for network planning are increasingly becoming a requirement. A description is given of what is required of a network planning system. The planning problem is then formulated as an optimisa-tion, and a representation described so that a genetic algorithm can be used as an opti-miser. The performance of two operators, the edge recombination operator and the partial match crossover, are compared on the problem .
Enhanced expression of the PDGFR/Abl signaling pathway in aromatase inhibitor-resistant breast cancer.

BACKGROUND We have found that the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)/Abl signaling pathway is up-regulated as a determinant of the acquisition of resistance to estrogen deprivation in vitro. We aimed to determine its clinical relevance in aromatase inhibitor (AI)-resistant breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS We identified a cohort of 45 patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer who had been treated with an AI, subsequently relapsed and had biopsy material available from both the presentation and post-AI recurrent lesion. PDGFRα, PDGFRβ and Abl expression was assessed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections. RESULTS Tumor protein expression of PDGFRα (1.39-fold, P=0.0065), PDGFRβ (4.32-fold, P=0.006) and Abl (1.8-fold, P=0.001) was increased at the point of relapse. Tumor and stromal expression of PDGFRα as well as PDGFRβ was significantly correlated in pre-treatment and relapse samples. High post-treatment tumor and stromal PDGFRβ levels were associated with a short time to treatment failure (TTF). Expression of PDGFRα in relapsing tumor specimens was correlated with Abl expression and Ki67 levels. Furthermore, changes in Abl correlated significantly with changes in ER expression. CONCLUSIONS These clinical data support a role for enhanced PDGF/Abl signaling in AI-resistant disease and provide a rationale for targeting the pathway in endocrine-resistant breast cancer.
Joint Inference for Mode Identification in Tutorial Dialogues

Identifying dialogue acts and dialogue modes during tutorial interactions is an extremely crucial sub-step in understanding patterns of effective tutor-tutee interactions. In this work, we develop a novel joint inference method that labels each utterance in a tutoring dialogue session with a dialogue act and a specific mode from a set of pre-defined dialogue acts and modes, respectively. Specifically, we develop our joint model using Markov Logic Networks (MLNs), a framework that combines first-order logic with probabilities, and is thus capable of representing complex, uncertain knowledge. We define first-order formulas in our MLN that encode the inter-dependencies between dialogue modes and more fine-grained dialogue actions. We then use a joint inference to jointly label the modes as well as the dialogue acts in an utterance. We compare our system against a pipeline system based on SVMs on a real-world dataset with tutoring sessions of over 500 students. Our results show that the joint inference system is far more effective than the pipeline system in mode detection, and improves over the performance of the pipeline system by about 6 points in F1 score. The joint inference system also performs much better than the pipeline system in the context of labeling modes that highlight important pedagogical steps in tutoring.