Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Insect Chemoreceptor Superfamily in Drosophila pseudoobscura: Molecular Evolution of Ecologically-Relevant Genes Over 25 Million Years

Abstract The insect chemoreceptor superfamily, consisting of the odorant receptor (Or) and gustatory receptor (Gr) families, exhibits patterns of evolution ranging from highly conserved proteins to lineage-specific gene subfamily expansions when compared across insect suborders and orders. Here their evolution across the timespan of 25 million years is examined which yield orthologous divergences ranging from 5–50%. They also reveal the beginnings of lineage-specific gene subfamilies as multiple duplications of particular gene lineages in either or both Drosophila melanogaster and D. pseudoobscura (Frolova and Astaurov) (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Gene losses and pseudogenes are similarly evident in both lineages, and even in closer comparisons of D. melanogaster with D. yakuba, leaving these species with roughly similar numbers of chemoreceptors despite considerable gene turnover. The large range of divergences and gene duplications provide abundant raw material for studies of structure and function in this novel superfamily, which contains proteins that evolved to bind specific ligands that mediate much of the ecology and mating behavior of insects.
On the design of scalable, self-configuring virtual networks

Virtual networks (VNs) provide methods that simplify resource management, deal with connectivity constraints, and support legacy applications in distributed systems, by enabling global addressability of VN-connected machines through either a common layer 2 Ethernet or a NAT-free layer 3 IP network. This paper presents a novel VN design that supports dynamic, seamless addition of new resources with emphasis on scalability in a unified private IP address space. Key features of this system are: (1) Scalable connectivity via a P2P overlay with the ability to bypass overlay routing in LAN communications, (2) support for static and dynamic address allocation in conjunction with virtual nameservers through a distributed data store, and (3) support for transparent migration of IP endpoints across wide-area networks. The approach is validated by a prototype implementation which has been deployed in grid and cloud environments. We present both a quantitative and qualitative discussion of our findings.
Zero-Crossing Disturbance Elimination and Spectrum Analysis of Single-Carrier Seven-Level SPWM

In this paper, a seven-level single-carrier and multi-modulation-wave sinusoidal pulsewidth modulation (SCMM-SPWM) strategy is proposed. In the negative half cycle of the modulation waves (MWs), dc offsets related to the amplitude of the carrier are set on the three MWs, respectively, to apply the same comparison logics of the MWs and carrier during positive and negative half cycles of the MWs. Thus, it is implemented with only one digital signal processor chip without any other attached logical circuit or controller. The reason for generating the zero-crossing voltage pulse disturbance (ZCVPD) in this strategy is analyzed, and the elimination of the ZCVPD is proposed and verified by experimental results. The spectral characters of the conventional multi-MW-based SPWM and the proposed one are originally derived and compared with each other by simulation in detail. The theoretical analysis, simulation, and experimental results indicate that the output characters of the proposed strategy are identical to those of the conventional one; it means that the proposed strategy can replace the conventional one while with the benefit of significantly reducing the cost and bulk of the implemental platform.
Framing Immigration in the News and its Socio-Cognitive Effects

This article outlines the results of an experimental study on the socio-cognitive effects of the way immigration is framed in the news. The sample included 355 students at the University of Salamanca (Spain), who were distributed at random among four treatments or versions of the news they received. The news in question, which offered information on the increase in immigration in Spain, was manipulated in two ways: a) news framed in light of the positive or negative consequences of immigration (economic contribution/ increase in delinquency); b) origin of immigrants: Latin American (judged positively by public opinion in Spain) or Moroccan (judged negatively). The way the news is framed was found to have signifi cant socio-cognitive effects. Mention of the origin of immigrants was found to have an indirect effect on the dependent variables under consideration.
High dynamic range image acquisition using multiple images with different apertures

Abstract. The authors propose a method to obtain a high dynamic range (HDR) image from multiple images with different exposure. Unlike conventional methods that use multiple images with different shutter speeds, the proposed method takes multiple images with identical and short shutter speeds but with different apertures. Consequently, the input low dynamic range image is less affected by scene change, while it has undesirable defocus blur due to different depth of field. In order to mitigate defocus blur of input images with larger apertures, we estimate the defocus map of each input image and use it as the spatially variant point spread function to deblur the image. Then, we extract the weight maps of input images, which are used to combine them to synthesize an HDR image. Our experimental results show that the proposed algorithm produces high-quality HDR images using a small number (typically three) of input images.
Pulse Oximeter Plethysmographic Waveform Changes in Awake, Spontaneously Breathing, Hypovolemic Volunteers

BACKGROUND:The primary objective of this study was to determine whether alterations in the pulse oximeter waveform characteristics would track progressive reductions in central blood volume. We also assessed whether changes in the pulse oximeter waveform provide an indication of blood loss in the hemorrhaging patient before changes in standard vital signs. METHODS:Pulse oximeter data from finger, forehead, and ear pulse oximeter sensors were collected from 18 healthy subjects undergoing progressive reduction in central blood volume induced by lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Stroke volume measurements were simultaneously recorded using impedance cardiography. The study was conducted in a research laboratory setting where no interventions were performed. Pulse amplitude, width, and area under the curve (AUC) features were calculated from each pulse wave recording. Amalgamated correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationship between the changes in pulse oximeter waveform features and changes in stroke volume with LBNP. RESULTS:For pulse oximeter sensors on the ear and forehead, reductions in pulse amplitude, width, and area were strongly correlated with progressive reductions in stroke volume during LBNP (R2 ≥ 0.59 for all features). Changes in pulse oximeter waveform features were observed before profound decreases in arterial blood pressure. The best correlations between pulse features and stroke volume were obtained from the forehead sensor area (R2 = 0.97). Pulse oximeter waveform features returned to baseline levels when central blood volume was restored. CONCLUSIONS:These results support the use of pulse oximeter waveform analysis as a potential diagnostic tool to detect clinically significant hypovolemia before the onset of cardiovascular decompensation in spontaneously breathing patients.
Posicionamento das Mulheres na Rede de Financiamento Eleitoral e seu Desempenho nas Eleições de 2010 no Brasil: A Dinâmica Estrutural da Exclusão e Marginalização Feminina no Poder Político. DOI: 10.5212/Rlagg.v.6.i1.0003

Positioning of Women in Electoral Funding Network and their Performance in the 2010 Elections in Brazil: the structural dynamics of female exclusion and marginalization in political power Este artigo tem por objetivo compreender a relacao entre o posicionamento das mulheres na rede de financiamento eleitoral e seu desempenho nas eleicoes de 2010 no Brasil. O estudo baseou-se nos dados, disponiveis no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, de 256.759 candidatos(as), financiadores(as) e agentes partidarios, em todos os niveis de disputa, incluindo-se Presidencia da Republica, Senado, Câmara dos Deputados, Governos Estaduais e Assembleias Legislativas. Foi utilizada a metodologia de analise de redes sociais (ARS) para explorar as caracteristicas estruturais dos 288.231 relacionamentos estabelecidos entre os referidos atores envolvidos no processo eleitoral. Os resultados demonstram que as mulheres enfrentam um processo seletivo de exclusao, isolamento e marginalizacao nas redes de financiamento eleitoral, gerando-se assim reduzidas chances de sucesso nos pleitos. Palavras-Chave: Eleicoes; Financiamento Eleitoral; Mulheres; Estrutura Social; Analise de Redes Sociais. Abstract This article aims to understand the relationship between the position of women in Brazilian campaign finance network and their performance in the 2010 elections in Brazil. The study was based on data from 256,759 candidates, funders and political agents at all levels of dispute (the Presidency, Senate, Federal House, Governments and State Assemblies), available at the Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (the Electoral High Court of Brazil). It was used the methodology of social network analysis (ARS) and Gephi software to explore the characteristics of 288,231 established relationships between those actors involved in the electoral process. The results expose the selectivity of the candidates, as a consequence of which, women are in a progressive process of exclusion and marginalization in the electoral funding networks and thus they get reduced chances of success in the elections. Keywords: Elections; Electoral Financing; Women; Social Network Analysis.
The Dead Zone Determination for Exoskeleton Arm with Double Mode Control System

The main goal of this paper is to determine the dead zone of control signal to provide the modes shift in the exoskeleton control system. The kinematic system consists of two subsystems for left and right hands. Each subsystem has 4 DOF and it is controlled individually. The control system for the designed exoskeleton device is based on bioelectric potentials processing. It uses the information about muscular activity to form the rotation speed of exoskeleton drives. The exoskeletonâs servo drive system is based on the feedback technique of acquiring information from the actuators and passing it to the control system via the HMI. The dead zone of control signal allows shifting control modes to let the exoskeleton device running in two modes â the setting speed mode and angle tracking mode. The dead zone of control signal also allows signal noise and positioning error reduction. The proposed idea is the definition of the dead zone as nonlinear function of joint coordinates.
Sugaring o'er the devil: Moral superiority and group identification help individuals downplay the implications of ingroup rule‐breaking

We examined how a group's claim to moral superiority influences evaluations of rule-breaking by ingroup members. Moral superiority was manipulated among researchers (Study 1) and British citizens (Study 2), after which group members were presented with ingroup rule-breakers: a researcher violating ethical rules (Study 1) and British soldiers abusing Iraqi prisoners (Study 2). In both studies, higher and lower identifiers in the control condition perceived the rule-breaking as equally damaging, evaluated the rule-breakers equally negatively and recommended equally harsh punishments. When the group had taken the moral high ground, lower identifiers perceived the rule-breaking as more damaging than did higher identifiers. In addition, higher identifiers evaluated the rule-breakers less negatively and recommended more lenient punishments. Results of mediation analyses demonstrated that negative evaluations of, and recommended punishment for, the rule-breakers were explained by the perceived damage that their behaviour caused to the ingroup. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Corticotrophin-Releasing Factor, Related Peptides, and Receptors in the Normal and Inflamed Gastrointestinal Tract

Corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) is mainly known for its role in the stress response in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. However, increasing evidence has revealed that CRF receptor signaling has additional peripheral effects. For instance, activation of CRF receptors in the gastrointestinal tract influences intestinal permeability and motility. These receptors, CRF1 and CRF2, do not only bind CRF, but are also activated by urocortins. Most interestingly, CRF-related signaling also assumes an important role in inflammatory bowel diseases in that it influences inflammatory processes, such as cytokine secretion and immune cell activation. These effects are characterized by an often contrasting function of CRF1 and CRF2. We will review the current data on the expression of CRF and related peptides in the different regions of the gastrointestinal tract, both in normal and inflamed conditions. We next discuss the possible functional roles of CRF signaling in inflammation. The available data clearly indicate that CRF signaling significantly influences inflammatory processes although there are important species and inflammation model differences. Although further research is necessary to elucidate this apparently delicately balanced system, it can be concluded that CRF-related peptides and receptors are (certainly) important candidates in the modulation of gastrointestinal inflammation.
Game Classification and Game Design

This article discusses the viability of the open-ended game classification model described in “A Multi Dimensional Typology of Games. ” The perspectives of such a model is discussed with emphasis on how a structural theory of games can contribute to game design and the development of formal and semiformal game design methods, such as Game Design Patterns.
Citrusleaf

In this paper, we describe the Citrusleaf real-time distributed database platform that is built using the core principles of traditional database consistency and reliability while also being fast and flexible enough for use in high-performance applications like real-time bidding. In fact, Citrusleaf is unique among NoSQL databases for its ability to provide immediate consistency and ACID while still being able to consistently exceed the high performance and scalability standards required by demanding real-time applications. This paper describes how the Citrusleaf system achieves the marriage of traditional database reliability, including immediate consistency and ACID, with flexibility and operational efficiency. Citrusleaf scales linearly at extremely high throughput while keeping response time in the sub-millisecond range as demonstrated by the test results presented here. This kind of performance has enabled Citrusleaf to become the underlying component of some of the world's largest real-time bidding networks.
Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales

Sarah S. Sparrow, Associate Professor of Psychology and Chief Psychologist at the Child Study Center at Yale University, David A. Balla, (dec.), Research Associate in Department of Psychology and Associate Professor of Psychology at the Child Study Center at Yale University and Domenic V. Cicchetti, Senior Research Psychologist and Biostatistician in the Psychology Service at Veterans Administration Medical Center in West Haven Connecticut and Research Scientist, Department of Psychiatry at Yale University School of Medicine.
Activation or workfare? : governance and the neo-liberal convergence

Chapter 1 - Introduction: Waves of Activation Reform Amilcar Moreira and Ivar Lodemel Chapter 2 - Norwegian activation reform on a wave of wider welfare state change: A critical assessment Erika Gubrium, Ivar Lodemel, and Ivan Harslof Chapter 3 - Workfare with welfare revisited: Instigating dual tracks based on ethnicity Jon Kvist and Ivan Harslof Chapter 4 -Activation for all: Welfare reform in the UK, 1995 to 2009 Julia Griggs, Andrew Hammond, and Robert Walker Chapter 5 - Activation and reform in the United States: What time has told Theresa Anderson, Katharine Kairys, and Michael Wiseman Chapter 6 - From legitimacy to effectiveness: Developments in activation in The Netherlands Henk Spies and Nico van de Vrie Chapter 7 - Germany: Ambivalent activation Jochen Clasen and Alexander Goerne Chapter 8 - Implementing a myth: The evolution of conditionality in French minimum income provision Daniel Clegg and Bruno Palier Chapter 9 - From gateway to safety net: The dynamics of activation reforms in Portugal Amilcar Moreira, Daniel Carolo, and Rui Nicola Chapter 10 - From protection towards activation: Reform of social assistance in the Czech Republic Tomas Sirovatka Chapter 11 - Governing Activation in the 21st Century: A (hi)story of change Amilcar Moreira and Ivar Lodemel Chapter 12 - Trajectories of change: Activation reforms from inception to times of austerity Ivar Lodemel and Erika Gubrium Index
Eficacia terapéutica de un programa de intervención grupal cognitivocompartamental para mejorar la adhesión al tratamiento y el estado emocional de pacientes con Infección por VIH/SIDA

Los programas de intervencion psicologica para los pacientes con Infeccion por VIH son escasos y todavia lo son mas los trabajos que presentan datos acerca del grado de eficacia de estos programas sobre variables clinicas relevantes. En este articulo se presenta un programa de intervencion grupal cognitivo-conductual estructurado en ocho sesiones y se ofrecen resultados preliminares acerca de su eficacia. El objetivo del programa es la mejora de la adhesion al tratamiento y del estado emocional de los pacientes. Tras la intervencion se observan cambios significativos en el grado de adhesion al tratamiento de los pacientes, variables clinicas relevantes como la ansiedad, la depresion o la autoestima y otras como el grado de hipocondria de los pacientes, su perturbacion afectiva, su irritabilidad, el grado de interferencia de la enfermedad en distintas esferas de sus vidas, el apoyo social percibido y el locus de control sobre la salud.
Immediate outcome following coronary angioplasty. A contemporary single centre audit.

UNLABELLED To study the in-hospital outcome of all coronary angioplasty procedures performed in a single centre over a 1 year period, with regard to angiographic success and the clinical complications of death, myocardial infarction, emergency coronary bypass surgery and abrupt coronary occlusion necessitating reintervention. METHODS One thousand one hundred and thirty-three lesions were treated in 970 procedures in 799 patients between October 1993 and October 1994. Clinical, procedural, angiographic and outcome data were entered into a dedicated computer data-base and variables tested with respect to outcome using the chi-square test and univariate and multivariate analysis techniques. RESULTS Angioplasty was performed for stable angina in 473 (49%) patients, unstable angina in 410 (42%) and 80 procedures were emergency--primary myocardial infarction in 44 (4.5%), shock in two, abrupt closure in 34 (3.5%) and other indications in seven patients. There were 10 (1.0%) deaths and 71 (7.3%) patient were documented to have suffered a myocardial infarction as a result of angioplasty. Nineteen (2.0%) patients underwent emergency coronary artery bypass surgery. Age >60 and a type C lesion were found to be associated with angiographic failure. The chance of a complication was increased if the patient was aged >60 years, suffered unstable angina, had an ejection fraction <50%, was treated with a new device or suffered a significant dissection. CONCLUSION Despite refinement in techniques and increased experience, coronary angioplasty retains a significant associated chance of angiographic failure. The complication rate remains significant and there has been little reduction in mortality, infarction and abrupt closure rates over the last 15 years. The requirement for emergency coronary artery bypass surgery appears to be diminishing with the introduction of improved bail-out techniques, in particular intracoronary stenting.
Increased Maternal Plasma Leptin in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

OBJECTIVE: Emerging evidence suggests that leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, may have independent direct effects on both insulin secretion and action, in addition to its well documented effects on appetite and energy expenditure. Some, but not all, previously published studies suggest that maternal leptin concentrations may be increased in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We examined the association between plasma leptin concentration and GDM risk. METHODS: Women were recruited before 16 weeks of gestation and were followed up until delivery. Maternal plasma leptin concentrations (collected at 13 weeks of gestation) were measured by using immunoassay. We used generalized linear models to estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: GDM developed in 5.7% of the cohort (47 of 823). Elevated leptin concentrations were positively associated with GDM risk (P for trend < .001). After adjusting for maternal prepregnancy adiposity and other confounders, women with leptin concentrations of 31.0 ng/mL or higher experienced a 4.7-fold increased risk of GDM (95% confidence interval 1.2, 18.0) as compared with women who had concentrations of 14.3 ng/mL or lower. We noted a strong linear component of trend in risk of GDM with increasing maternal plasma leptin concentration. Each 10-ng/mL increase in the leptin concentration was associated with a 20% increase in GDM risk (relative risk 1.2; 95% confidence interval 1.0, 1.3). CONCLUSIONS: Hyperleptinemia, independent of maternal adiposity, in early pregnancy appears to be predictive of an increased risk of GDM later in pregnancy. Additional larger prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm and more precisely assess the etiologic importance of hyperleptinemia in pregnancy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II-2
Key to Language Learning Success

This paper looks at the important elements of language learning and teaching i.e. the role of teachers as well as the attitude and motivation of learners. Teachers undoubtedly play crucial roles in students’ language learning outcome which could ignite or diminish students’ motivation. Positive attitudes and motivation – instrumental or integrative and intrinsic or extrinsic – are key to successful learning. Therefore it is paramount for language teachers as well as learners to know these roles and nurture the best possible ways where language teaching and learning will thrive. This paper also suggested that both stake-holders should be open to holistic approach of language learning and that other factors such as the environment could play an important part in language teaching and learning success.
[Distribution of infectious keratitis in a tertiary hospital in Brazil].

PURPOSE To investigate the seasonality of infectious keratitis in a tertiary hospital in Brazil. METHODS Charts from the Ocular Microbiology Laboratory of the Department of Ophthalmology of the Federal University of Sao Paulo were reviewed from 2005 to 2009. Infectious keratitis were defined as those with positive culture. Data were distributed monthly and linear regressions with seasonal dummy models were used to test for seasonal trends. RESULTS Total of 1,468 cases of keratitis was diagnosed during the study period. Bacterial keratitis were responsible for 80.3% of all cases, followed by fungal (7%), and Acanthamoeba (6%); 6.7% were mixed cases. Statistical tests showed that there were no seasonal trends for bacteria (p=0.064), fungi (p=0.379), Acanthamoeba (p=0.062) or mixed infections (p=0.441). CONCLUSIONS No seasonal trends for infectious keratitis were observed in our sample.