Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Promoting International Perspectives Through Self-Selected Online Texts

In the ongoing pandemic context, short-term study abroad opportunities remain limited for many students. As a result, there has been a need for universities to develop educational innovations for home context learning to meet institutional intercultural learning aims. The purpose of this action research paper is to outline how a small-scale e-learning innovation was designed based on characteristics of intercultural citizenship education to encourage connections with, and responsibility towards, communities beyond national borders. The innovation involved critical exploration of a student-selected social issue using online texts, and reflections and blogging on the issue from individual, local, national, and international perspectives. A qualitative content analysis of reflections in blogposts of 49 students showed that the majority expressed connections with intercultural citizenship, though a minority rejected international identifications. The paper offers a timely and systematically designed intercultural e-learning innovation, implementable in other contexts, to support intercultural learning in a context of limited study abroad. Abstract in Japanese 今なおパンデミック状況下において、短期留学の機会が多くの学生にとって制限されたままである。 そのため、大学では、異文化間学習の目的を達成するために、自国において学習のできる教育イノベーションを開発することが求められている。 このアクション・リサーチ・ペーパーの目的は、国境を越えたコミュニティとのつながりや それに対する責任を奨励すべく、異文化間の相互理解教育の特徴に基づいた小規模のeラーニングの改革をどのように デザインしたかを概説することである。 このプログラムは、学生が選択した社会問題をオンラインテキストを用いて批判的に探求し、個人、地域、国、そして国際的な観点からその問題について考察し、ブログで報告するというものであった。 49名の学生のブログ記事における考察の質的内容分析により、大多数は異文化間市民権とのつながりを表明していたが、少数派は国際的なアイデンティティを拒否していたことが示された。 この論文は、限定的な学内留学という状況下で異文化学習を支援するために、他の文脈でも実施可能な、時流に合った体系的な異文化間eラーニングのイノベーションを提供するものである。
Highly-ordered wide bandgap materials for quantized anomalous Hall and magnetoelectric effects

An interplay of spin–orbit coupling and intrinsic magnetism is known to give rise to the quantum anomalous Hall and topological magnetoelectric effects under certain conditions. Their realization could open access to low power consumption electronics as well as many fundamental phenomena like image magnetic monopoles, Majorana fermions and others. Unfortunately, being realized very recently, these effects are only accessible at extremely low temperatures and the lack of appropriate materials that would enable the temperature increase is a most severe challenge. Here, we propose a novel material platform with unique combination of properties making it perfectly suitable for the realization of both effects at elevated temperatures. The key element of the computational material design is an extension of a topological insulator (TI) surface by a thin film of ferromagnetic insulator, which is both structurally and compositionally compatible with the TI. Following this proposal we suggest a variety of specific systems and discuss their numerous advantages, in particular wide band gaps with the Fermi level located in the gap.
AdS nonlinear instability: breaking spherical and axial symmetries

Considerable effort has been dedicated to study the nonlinear instability of anti-de Sitter (AdS) within spherical symmetry, but little is known about this nonlinear instability in the purely gravitational sector, where spherical symmetry is necessarily broken. In Bizon and Rostworowski (2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 031102) the onset of such nonlinear instability was associated with the existence of irremovable secular resonances at third order in perturbation theory. Furthermore, it was also conjectured in Bizon and Rostworowski (2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 031102) that certain very fine tuned initial data would not collapse. Such solutions, upon linearisation, correspond to individual normal modes of AdS, which can be consistently backreacted to all orders in perturbation theory. However, the analysis of Bizon and Rostworowski (2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 031102) was restricted to spherical symmetry. The perturbative arguments of Bizon and Rostworowski (2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 031102) were then generalised to gravitational perturbations in Dias et al (2012 Class. Quantum Grav. 29 194002), and in particular certain time-periodic solutions were also conjectured to exist—these were coined geons. However, in Dias et al (2012 Class. Quantum Grav. 29 194002), only a certain class of perturbations was considered, for which the perturbative analysis considerably simplifies. In this manuscript we present details of the systematic computational formalism and an exhaustive and complementary analysis of physical properties of the geons and gravitational AdS instability that were absent in our companion Letter (Dias and Santos 2016 Class. Quantum Grav. 33 23LT01). In particular, we find that, unlike in spherical symmetry, a (single) gravitational normal mode of AdS can be backreacted to generate a nonlinear solution only in very exceptional circumstances. We also show that weak turbulent perturbative theory predicts the existence of direct and inverse cascades, and give evidence suggesting that the former dominates the latter for equal energy two-mode seeds.
All-electron magnetic response with pseudopotentials: NMR chemical shifts

A theory for the ab initio calculation of all-electron NMR chemical shifts in insulators using pseudopotentials is presented. It is formulated for both finite and infinitely periodic systems and is based on an extension to the projector augmented-wave approach of Bl\"ochl [P. E. Bl\"ochl, Phys. Rev. B 50, 17 953 (1994)] and the method of Mauri et al. [F. Mauri, B. G. Pfrommer, and S. G. Louie, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 5300 (1996)]. The theory is successfully validated for molecules by comparison with a selection of quantum chemical results, and in periodic systems by comparison with plane-wave all-electron results for diamond.
Magnetic transition and orbital degrees of freedom in vanadium spinels

We propose a scenario for the two phase transitions in AV 2 O 4 (A=Zn, Mg, Cd), based on an effective spin-orbital model on the pyrochlore lattice. At high temperatures, spin correlations are strongly frustrated due to the lattice structure, and the transition observed at ∼50 K is attributed to an orbital order, supported by Jahn-Teller lattice distortion. This orbital order introduces spatial modulation of spin-exchange couplings depending on the bond direction. This partially releases the frustration and leads to a spin order observed at ∼40 K. We also study the stable spin configuration by taking account of third-neighbor exchange couplings and quantum fluctuations. The result is consistent with the experimental results.
ORFEUS II Echelle Observations of Molecular Hydrogen in the Galactic Halo

The far-ultraviolet spectra of HD 219188, HD 94473, and HD 18100, three early-type stars in the Galactic halo, were obtained with the echelle spectrometer on the ORFEUS II telescope in 1996 November. We derive H2 column densities for the rotational levels up to J′′ = 6 and estimate excitation temperatures and H2 dissociation rates for the clouds toward HD 219188 and HD 94473. The results indicate that strong radiation fields might exist near these clouds, but these radiation fields do not seem to act as major heating sources. No significant H2 absorption is seen toward HD 18100. The correlation between our H2 column densities and published extinction maps confirms that the molecular clouds are associated with dust clouds that lie between the observed stars and the Sun. We estimate the conversion factor between N(H2) and W(12CO) to be XCO = 4 ± 2 × 1019 cm-2 (K km s-1)-1 for the clouds along the line of sight to HD 94473, consistent with previous estimates to within a factor of a few.
Group Integral Techniques for the Spinfoam Graviton Propagator

We consider the recent proposal [1] for the extraction of the graviton propagator from the spinfoam formalism. We propose a new ansatz for the boundary state, using which we can write the propagator as an integral over SU(2). The perturbative expansion in the Planck length can be recast into the saddle point expansion of this integral. We compute the leading order and recover the behavior expected from low–energy physics. In particular, we prove that the degenerate spinfoam configurations are suppressed.
Electro-optic modulation in crystal-ion-sliced z-cut LiNbO3 thin films

Electro-optic modulation is demonstrated in 10-μm-thick single-crystal LiNbO3 films obtained by crystal ion slicing. This technique uses ion implantation of single-crystal bulk samples followed by selective etching. The measured electro-optic response of these films is comparable, within experimental error, to that of single-crystal bulk LiNbO3 and is superior to previously reported values for epitaxial polycrystalline thin films. The product of half-wave voltage and modulator length, VπL, is 8 V cm. Post lift-off annealing is shown to be of key importance in improving the modulator extinction ratio.
Unpaired Style Transfer Conditional Generative Adversarial Network for Scanned Document Generation

Neural networks are a powerful machine learning tool, especially when trained on a large dataset of relevant high-quality data. Generative adversarial networks, image super resolution and most other image manipulation neural networks require a dataset of images and matching target images for training. Collecting and compiling that data can be time consuming and expensive. This work explores an approach for building a dataset of paired document images with a matching scanned version of each document without physical printers or scanners. A dataset of these document image pairs could be used to train a generative adversarial network or image super resolution neural network to convert a scanned document into a pristine document free of artifacts. It could also be used in optical character recognition of scanned documents to improve understanding of documents with degraded quality. Generating a dataset like this without mechanical hardware saves time and materials and has the potential to build similar paired image datasets for other applications. The proposed approach centers on conditional generative adversarial networks to generate the paired dataset from unpaired document images. This work explores StyleGAN2, CycleGAN, CUT, Pix2PixHD, SPADE and SEAN. I find that the base version of each model is currently insufficient for this task.
Transfer of mass and momentum at rough and porous surfaces

The surface texture of materials plays a critical role in wettability, turbulence and transport phenomena. In order to design surfaces for these applications, it is desirable to characterise non-smooth and porous materials by their ability to exchange mass and momentum with flowing fluids. While the underlying physics of the tangential (slip) velocity at a fluid–solid interface is well understood, the importance and treatment of normal (transpiration) velocity and normal stress is unclear. We show that, when the slip velocity varies at an interface above the texture, a non-zero transpiration velocity arises from mass conservation. The ability of a given surface texture to accommodate a normal velocity of this kind is quantified by a transpiration length. We further demonstrate that normal momentum transfer gives rise to a pressure jump. For a porous material, the pressure jump can be characterised by so-called resistance coefficients. By solving five Stokes problems, the introduced measures of slip, transpiration and resistance can be determined for any anisotropic non-smooth surface consisting of regularly repeating geometric patterns. The proposed conditions are a subset of the effective boundary conditions derived from formal multi-scale expansion. We validate and demonstrate the physical significance of the effective conditions on two canonical problems – a lid-driven cavity and a turbulent channel flow, both with non-smooth bottom surfaces.
Pancreatic endometriosis: a systematic review

Background Extrapelvic manifestations of endometriosis can be identified in nearly every part of the female body, and the true prevalence of extrapelvic locations is unknown. Pancreatic endometriosis may manifest in several ways, ranging from emergency presentations to asymptomatic cysts. Method A systematic PubMed and Scopus search was conducted. Results Eighteen patients from 17 case reports were included. The patients’ mean age was 39.3 (range: 21-72) years. An emergency presentation was noted in 8 of the 18 (44.4%) patients. Menstrual irregularity was present in 3 (16.7%) patients, while in 3 (16.7%) cases there was simultaneous presence of endometriosis elsewhere. The most frequent symptoms at presentation of pancreatic endometrial cysts were epigastric pain, acute left upper quadrant pain, back pain, nausea/vomiting/diarrhea, which occurred in 12 (66.7%), 11 (61.1%), 4 (22.2%), and 6 (33.3%) patients, respectively. Only one case presented as an asymptomatic pancreatic cyst. The maximum diameter of the endometrial cysts ranged from 1-16 cm. In the majority of cases, surgical treatment was offered (16/18, 88.9%). Recurrence of pancreatic endometrial cyst occurred in one case only, following needle aspiration of the endometrial cyst. No fatality was reported. Conclusions Review of the available published literature suggests that pancreatic endometriosis is a rare condition that should be included in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic masses. Further clinical and experimental studies are necessary to investigate the pathogenesis of extrapelvic and pancreatic endometriosis.
GLIMPSE. I. An SIRTF Legacy Project to Map the Inner Galaxy

The Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid‐Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE), a Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) Legacy Science Program, will be a fully sampled, confusion‐limited infrared survey of 2/3 of the inner Galactic disk with a pixel resolution of ∼1. ″2 using the Infrared Array Camera at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0 μm. The survey will cover Galactic latitudes |b|≤1° and longitudes |l| = 10°–65° (both sides of the Galactic center). The survey area contains the outer ends of the Galactic bar, the Galactic molecular ring, and the inner spiral arms. The GLIMPSE team will process these data to produce a point‐source catalog, a point‐source data archive, and a set of mosaicked images. We summarize our observing strategy, give details of our data products, and summarize some of the principal science questions that will be addressed using GLIMPSE data. Up‐to‐date documentation, survey progress, and information on complementary data sets are available on the GLIMPSE Web site.
Photometric properties of clusters of galaxies

We report the first results of a long term program aimed at investigating the photometric properties of the cores of Abell and X-ray selected (EMSS, \cite{emss}) clusters of galaxies. We observed 77 clusters of galaxies in the redshift range $0.05\leq z \leq 0.25$ in the Gunn $g$, $r$ and $i$ filters: in this paper we present the data on 59 clusters with good absolute photometry and on another group of 8 clusters with acceptable relative photometry. For all these clusters we show color--magnitude diagrams in the two colors: when, as in most cases, the early type galaxy sequence is identifiable, we compare it with the expectation from the Virgo c--m relation (\cite{vs}) and find that the Virgo relation holds to $z\sim0.2$. We do not find any sign of active evolution in cluster galaxies since that epoch, nor in the percentage of blue galaxies or in the early type galaxy colors, if we accept that the scatter is of the order of 0.2--0.3 mag with respect to the expectations on the basis of standard k--corrections. We point out the presence of a certain number of anomalously red galaxies in the $r-i$ color, which are too red with respect to their $g-r$ color to be normal field galaxies at a redshift higher than the cluster one. Finally we briefly compare a few properties of the two subsamples of optically selected and X--ray selected clusters.
The frequency constant for thermal activitation of a ferromagnetic domain wall

The equation τ−1=C exp(−E/kT) describes thermal activation over a potential‐energy barrier of height E. τ is the ’’waiting time’’ for a successful activation, and C is a frequency constant. The frequency constant is evaluated for a circular segement of ferromagnetic domain wall which breaks away from a central pin. Reaction‐rate theory reduces the problem to the calculation of the allowed vibrational frequencies of the wall in pinned and activated states. The minimum value of C is ν1, the ’’intuitive attack frequency’’, which is the number of breakaway attempts made by the wall segment per second. The success rate of these attempts may be increased by an ’’entropy enhancement factor’’ so that C? ν1. The enhancement depends on the pinning constants and is numerically estimated for PtCo and an iron alloy. The maximum allowed value of C is ? 1012 sec−1.
Chinese Fine‐Grained Geological Named Entity Recognition With Rules and FLAT

Geological named entity recognition (NER) is an essential prerequisite to realizing geological information extraction and information retrieval and is an actual means for accomplishing structured reconstruction of unstructured geological data. Existing geological NER methods mainly focus on coarse‐grained geological entity recognition, but geological entities are fine‐grained. To solve this problem, a Chinese fine‐grained geological entity corpus encompassing 21 types of fine‐grained labels is constructed. In addition, in this article, a fine‐grained geological entity recognition model based on Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer (BERT)‐Flat‐Lattice Transformer is designed. This paper names this method FGNER (Fine‐grained Geological Named Entity Recognition) which adds geological naming rules to revise the model results to improve the recognition of complex geological entities. The fine‐grained geological entity recognition method is evaluated using regional geological literature reports as experimental data. The experimental results show that the precision, recall, and F1‐score of the FGNER model are 95.73%, 89.26%, and 92.05%, respectively, thus achieving better performance than baseline models, such as BERT‐Conditional Random Field.
Fully-Tensorial Elastic-Wave Mode-Solver in FEniCS for Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Modeling.

A framework for simulating the elastic-wave modes in waveguides, taking into account the full tensorial nature of the stiffness tensor, is presented and implemented in the open-source finite element solver, FEniCS. Various approximations of the elastic wave equation used in the stimulated Brillouin scattering literature are implemented and their validity and applicability are discussed. The elastic mode-solver is also coupled with an electromagnetic counterpart to study the influence of elastic anisotropies on Brillouin gain.
Galaxies Probing Galaxies in PRIMUS. II. The Coherence Scale of the Cool Circumgalactic Medium

The circumgalactic medium (CGM) close to ∼L* star-forming galaxies hosts strong Mg ii λ2796 absorption (with equivalent width W2796 > 0.1 Å) with a near-unity covering fraction. To characterize the spatial coherence of this absorption, we analyze the W2796 distribution in the CGM of 27 star-forming galaxies detected in deep spectroscopy of bright background (b/g) galaxies first presented in Rubin et al. The sample foreground (f/g) systems have redshifts and stellar masses 9.1 < log M*/M⊙ < 11.1, and the b/g galaxies provide spatially extended probes with half-light radii at projected distances < 50 kpc. Our analysis also draws on literature W2796 values measured in b/g QSO spectroscopy probing the halos of f/g galaxies with a similar range in M* at z ∼ 0.25. By making the assumptions that (1) samples of like galaxies exhibit similar circumgalactic W2796 distributions and, (2) within a given halo, the quantity log W2796 has a Gaussian distribution with a dispersion that is constant with M* and , we use this QSO–galaxy pair sample to construct a model for the log W2796 distribution in the CGM of low-redshift galaxies. Adopting this model, we then demonstrate the dependence of the observed log W2796 distribution on the ratio of the surface area of the b/g probe to the projected absorber surface area (xA ≡ AG/AA), finding that distributions that assume xA ≥ 15 are statistically inconsistent with that observed toward our b/g galaxy sample at a 95% confidence level. This limit, in combination with the b/g galaxy sizes, requires that the length scale over which W2796 does not vary (i.e., the “coherence scale” of Mg ii absorption) is ℓA > kpc. This novel constraint on the morphology of cool, photoionized structures in the inner CGM suggests that either these structures each extend over kiloparsec scales or the number and velocity dispersion of these structures are spatially correlated over the same scales.
PHARMACEUTICAL PRONIOSOMAL DRUG DELIVERY: A COMPLETE REVIEW OF NEW DELIVERY SYSTEM

Numerous issues arise in the field of solubility augmentation. Pharmacosomes, a revolutionary method based on lipid medication delivery, have emerged. Pharmacosomes are covalently bound, colloidal, nanometric-size micelles, vesicles, or hexagonal assemblies of colloidal drug dispersions to the phospholipid. Due to their special qualities such tiny size, amphiphilicity, active drug loading, high entrapment efficiency, and stability, they serve as suitable carriers for drug administration fairly accurately. In addition to lowering therapy costs, drug leakage and toxicity, increasing the bioavailability of poorly soluble medications, and having restorative benefits, they aid in the regulated release of pharmaceuticals at the site of action. This medication delivery system's capabilities have expanded to accommodate more medicines.
O tempora: The current presence of classics and ancient history in Australian and New Zealand public universities

The study of classics has been part of Australian and New Zealand higher education from the beginnings of tertiary education in these countries, followed shortly after by the study of ancient history. This article offers an analysis of current units of study in each Australian and New Zealand public university that continues to teach classics and ancient history. Set in the context of the origins of this field in both countries and contemporary debates on the value of studying not only the humanities in general but also classics and ancient history in particular, this article offers detailed analysis of what is taught and how universities conceptualize the merit and usefulness of this field of study. Analysis reveals some decline in more traditional areas, but also identifies the evolutionary trajectories that classics and ancient history have followed, including departures from the ‘sober’ political history to offerings that have been enabled by methodologies prevalent in social and gender history.
Chemical Enrichment of the Complex Hot ISM of the Antennae Galaxies. I. Spatial and Spectral Analysis of the Diffuse X-Ray Emission

We present an analysis of the properties of the hot interstellar medium (ISM) in the merging pair of galaxies known as the Antennae (NGC 4038/4039), performed using the deep, co-added ~411 ks Chandra ACIS-S data set. These deep X-ray observations and Chandra's high angular resolution allow us to investigate the properties of the hot ISM with unprecedented spatial and spectral resolution. Through a spatially resolved spectral analysis, we find a variety of temperatures (from 0.2 to 0.7 keV) and NH (from Galactic to 2 × 1021 cm-2). Metal abundances for Ne, Mg, Si, and Fe vary dramatically throughout the ISM from subsolar values (~0.2) up to several times solar.