Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examples : DOLCE and BFO in DL and Manchester syntax

The OWL versions of DOLCE (DOLCE-lite.owl from the DLP3971.zip file) and BFO (bfo-1.1.owl downloaded on 13-11-’09), respectively, have been loaded into Protégé 4.0 build 113, and by using “Save as. latex” exported to a DL rendering, whereas the Manchester syntax has been copied from its “Manchester syntax rendering” view in Protégé. I did not verify if the transformations are correct; so it comes as is. The Manchester syntax rendering is rather lengthy, both due to its layout and that it includes the annotations/comments that provide explanation of the intended meaning of the categories. To make the connection between these two renderings and the Protégé interface a little clearer, take, for instance, DOLCE’s physical-quality, depicted in Fig. 1 on the next page, or BFO’s quality (Fig. 2) and check the corresponding representations and annotations in the remainder of this file. Observe also the difference in OWL features that are used (or not) by DOLCE and BFO: the core BFO in OWL does not use object properties (but check also the isabelle version of BFO and there is a bfo-ro.owl). Neither one has data properties or individuals. The annotations have limited information about synonyms, e.g. that BFO’s Continuant is synonymous with (DOLCE’s) Endurant. Can you find more (exact or near-) matches?
Scaling R elationships in Backpropagation Learning

A bstrac t. We present an empirical st udy of th e required training time for neural networks to learn to compute the parity function using the back -propagation learning algorithm, as a function of t he numb er of inp uts. The parity funct ion is a Boolean predica te whose order is equal to th e number of inpu t s. \Ve find t hat t he t rain ing time behaves roughly as 4" I where n is the num ber of inp ut s, for values of n between 2 and 8. T his is consistent with recent t heoretical analyses of similar algorit hms. As a part of thi s stu dy we sea rched for optimal par ameter tunings for each value of n. We suggest that the learning rate should decrease faster than lin, the momentum coefficient should approach 1 exponentially, and the initial random weight scale should remain approximately constant.
Brave new interactions: performance-enhancing drugs for human-computer interaction

In sports, some athletes resort to performance enhancing drugs to gain an advantage. Similarly, people use pharmaceutical drugs to aid learning, dexterity, or concentration. We look at how such drugs could potentially be used to enhance interactions. We envision that in the future, people might take pills along with their vitamins in the morning to improve how they can interact over the day. In addition to performance boosts this, e.g., could also include improvements in enjoyment or fatigue.
Poster: Enhanced mobility state estimation in heterogeneous networks

The use of combining pico cell and macro cell, also known as heterogeneous networks (HetNets), is considered as a promising way to solve the limit of system capacity and complement coverage in traditional network HetNets which have changed the infrastructure of traditional cellular networks also bring challenges correspondingly. Mobility management for pico cells is challenging due to different cell size and random deployment, and an enhanced mobility state estimation is desired. In this paper, we propose a self-optimization algorithm for mobility state estimation. The enhancement adapts the weight automatically based on handover performance to weaken the cell crossing counting for pico cells in different network topologies. The simulation results will show the improvements in mobility state estimation (MSE).
Fall-Related Injuries in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Qom Province, Iran, 2010-2012

Background: Falls and related injuries are common health problems in the elderly. Fractures, brain and internal organ injuries and death are the common consequences of the falls, which result in dependence, decreased self-efficacy, fear of falling, depression, restricted daily activities, hospitalization and admission to the nursing home and impose costs on the individual and the society. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the types of fall-related injuries and the related risk factors in the elderly population of Qom province, Iran. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 424 elderly people (65 years and over) referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom, Iran, due to falls between 2010 and 2012. The ICD-10 codes of external causes of injury from w00 to w19 related to falls were selected from the health information system of the hospital and demographic variables of the patients and external causes of falls were extracted after accessing the files of the patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 (SPSS Inc., USA). The duration of hospital stay and its relationship with underlying variables were investigated using t test and ANOVA. The level of significance was considered P < 0.05. Results: Among 424 elderly people, 180 cases (42.45%) were male and the mean age of the patients was 78.65 ± 7.70 years. Fall on the same level from slipping, tripping, and stumbling was the most common external cause with 291 victims (68.60%), and hip fracture in 121 patients (29.00%), intertrochanteric fracture in 112 patients (26.90%), and traumatic brain injury in 51 patients (12.20%) were the most common causes of hospital stay. The mean hospital stay was 7.33 ± 3.63 days. Conclusions: Lower limb fracture and traumatic brain injury were the most common causes of hospitalization, which resulted in the longest hospital stay and highest hospitalization costs in the elderly.
A ug 2 00 4 Tropical Mathematics

These are the notes for the Clay Mathematics Institute Senior Scholar Lecture which was delivered by Bernd Sturmfels in Park City, Utah, on July 22, 2004. The topic of this lecture is the “tropical approach” in mathematics, which has gotten a lot of attention recently in combinatorics, algebraic geometry and related fields. It offers an an elementary introduction to this subject, touching upon Arithmetic, Polynomials, Curves, Phylogenetics and Linear Spaces. Each section ends with a suggestion for further research. The bibliography contains numerous references for further reading in this field. The adjective “tropical” was coined by French mathematicians, including Jean-Eric Pin [19], in the honor of their Brazilian colleague Imre Simon [23], who was one of the pioneers in min-plus algebra. There is no deeper meaning in the adjective “tropical”. It simply stands for the French view of Brazil.
Regularized logistic regression method for change detection in multispectral data via Pathwise Coordinate optimization

Remotely sensed data by sensors on satellite or airborne platform, is becoming more and more important in monitoring the local, regional and global resources and environment. In this paper, we utilize the regularized logistic regression model for change detection of large scale remotely sensed bi-temporal multispectral images. Change detection methods base on classification schemes under this kind of condition should put more emphasis on the model's simplicity and efficiency in addition to the detection accuracy. The simple linear classifier is solved by recent proposed “Pathwise Coordinate Descent”. When applied on the L1-regularized regression problem, the algorithm can handle large problems in a comparatively very low timing cost. Through computing the solutions for a decreasing sequence of regularization parameters, the algorithm also combines model selection procedure into itself. We experiment the logistic regression with elastic-net convex penalty. Experimental results from a real data set demonstrate that, models obtained by Pathwise Coordinate Descent algorithm only need very low computational costs. The achieved remarkable efficiency indicates that regularized logistic regression via Pathwise Coordinate Descent is a promising method for large scale change detection problem in remote sensing.
How Does Bad and Good Volatility Spill Over Across Petroleum Markets?

We detect and quantify asymmetries in volatility spillovers using the realized semivariances of petroleum commodities: crude oil, gasoline, and heating oil. During the 1987--2014 period we document increasing spillovers from volatility among petroleum commodities that substantially change after the 2008 financial crisis. The increase in volatility spillovers correlates with the progressive financialization of the commodities. In terms of asymmetries in spillovers we show that periods of increasing crude oil prices strongly correlate with dominating spillovers due to bad volatility. Overall, bad volatility due to negative returns spills over among petroleum commodities to a much larger extent than good volatility due to positive returns. After the 2008 financial crisis the asymmetries in spillovers markedly declined in terms of total as well as directional spillovers. An analysis of directional spillovers further reveals that no commodity dominates other commodities in terms of spillover transmission in general.
Generalized Erdos Numbers

We propose a simple real-valued generalization of the well known integer-valued Erdos number as a topological, non-metric measure of the `closeness' felt between two nodes in an undirected, weighted graph. These real-valued Erdos numbers are asymmetric and are able to distinguish between network topologies that standard distance metrics view as identical. We use this measure to study some simple analytically tractable networks, and show the utility of our measure to devise a ratings scheme based on the generalized Erdos number that we deploy on the data from the NetFlix prize, and find a significant improvement in our ratings prediction over a baseline.
Construction and Clarification of Dynamic Gene Regulatory Network of Cancer Cell Cycle via Microarray Data

Background Cell cycle is an important clue to unravel the mechanism of cancer cells. Recently, expression profiles of cDNA microarray data of Cancer cell cycle are available for the information of dynamic interactions among Cancer cell cycle related genes. Therefore, it is more appealing to construct a dynamic model for gene regulatory network of Cancer cell cycle to gain more insight into the infrastructure of gene regulatory mechanism of cancer cell via microarray data. Results Based on the gene regulatory dynamic model and microarray data, we construct the whole dynamic gene regulatory network of Cancer cell cycle. In this study, we trace back upstream regulatory genes of a target gene to infer the regulatory pathways of the gene network by maximum likelihood estimation method. Finally, based on the dynamic regulatory network, we analyze the regulatory abilities and sensitivities of regulatory genes to clarify their roles in the mechanism of Cancer cell cycle. Conclusions Our study presents a systematically iterative approach to discern and characterize the transcriptional regulatory network in Hela cell cycle from the raw expression profiles. The transcription regulatory network in Hela cell cycle can also be confirmed by some experimental reviews. Based on our study and some literature reviews, we can predict and clarify the E2F target genes in G1/S phase, which are crucial for regulating cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis. From the results of the network construction and literature confirmation, we infer that MCM4, MCM5, CDC6, CDC25A, UNG and E2F2 are E2F target genes in Hela cell cycle.
Stability of Self-similar Solutions for Van der Waals Driven Thin Film Rupture

Recent studies of pinch-off of filaments and rupture in thin films have found infinite sets of first-type similarity solutions. Of these, the dynamically stable similarity solutions produce observable rupture behavior as localized, finite-time singularities in the models of the flow. In this letter we describe a systematic technique for calculating such solutions and determining their linear stability. For the problem of axisymmetric van der Waals driven rupture (recently studied by Zhang and Lister), we identify the unique stable similarity solution for point rupture of a thin film and an alternative mode of singularity formation corresponding to annular “ring rupture. ”
Allergy Takes its Toll: The Role of Toll-like Receptors in Allergy Pathogenesis

Reduced early microbial exposure in early life has become a leading candidate to explain the escalating rate of allergic disease and has generated intense interest in the interaction between the developing immune system and the microbial environment. Infants depend on "signal" from the microbial environment to mature both T-helper cell type 1 and regulatory immune function. These signals, mediated through microbial pattern-recognition receptors, namely toll-like receptors (TLRs), seem essential to achieving the immunologic balance required for (1) pathogen protection and (2) normal immune tolerance. Despite this, the normal development of TLR function has never been documented. There is preliminary evidence that TLR function is under the influence of both genetic factors (genetic polymorphisms) and early environmental exposures including microbial exposure and breast feeding, and maternal smoking. This review explores the evidence that allergy is associated with developmental variations in TLR-mediated immune function and how this may be relevant for disease prevention.
Conceptualizing and Generalizing Access Control

Access control models traditionally have been used to indicate which subjects have access to which objects. This paper conceptualizes access control in terms of information flow. A fundamental concept in this flow is that objects are "things that flow", i.e., that are received, processed, created, released, and transferred. The resulting diagrammatic description specifies the stream of flow between subjects and the system. Accordingly, security policies and constraints can be declared to control the flow in the stream. The paper gives an illustration of this flow-based description and provides examples from the security field that generalize the known access control methods.
A Spectral Engine for Visualization

Full spectra allow the generation of physically correct rendering of a scene under different lighting conditions. Here, a tool is developed to design a palette of lights and materials having certain properties, such as selective metamerism or colour constancy. The mathematical underpinnings of the tool consist of two parts. Firstly, we make use of a method for optimally characterizing full spectra of lights, surfaces, and transmissioive materials by forming eigenvectors of sets of these and then transforming to an intermediate space in which spectral interactions reduce to simple component-wise multiplications. Secondly, we introduce appropriate optimization functions to create new sets of spectra from old, adding to sets of actual spectra so as to produce lights and reflectances that collude to generate spectral transfer function entries for bringing out or hiding parts of a graphics rendering. Technical Report SFU-CMPT-TR2004-06
Additional Physical Models of the Human Vocal Tract as Tools for Education in Language Learning

We have proposed several mechanical models of the human vocal tract for the Japanese vowels /i/, /e/, /a/, /o/, and /u/ with a view toward education in acoustics. We used the models during a lecture in a university-level speech science class as well as in a high school physics class, and confirmed their effectiveness as educational tools. Earlier, we added a new feature to the models. In a previous study, we investigated nasalized vowels, and for this purpose, we designed and reported on a nasal cavity attachment for one of the models. We then examined the effect of velopharyngeal coupling. Educational tools for acoustics and linguistics have gradually become more accessible in recent years, for example: computer simulation, E-learning, and website study. Although it might be worthwhile to integrate the physical models with computer simulation for advanced students, we feel the physical models are better suited for introductory instruction. In the present study, we propose several new models for language learning. One new type of model is designed to teach the /r/-/l/ distinction. Many Japanese speakers have problems producing and perceiving the difference between /r/ and /l/. We have made physical models that produce /r/ and /l/ to address this problem. We believe the models will be especially useful for second language acquisition.
Germinal Center B Cell Depletion Diminishes CD4+ Follicular T Helper Cells in Autoimmune Mice

Background Continuous support from follicular CD4+ T helper (Tfh) cells drives germinal center (GC) responses, which last for several weeks to produce high affinity memory B cells and plasma cells. In autoimmune Sle1 and NZB/W F1 mice, elevated numbers of Tfh cells persist, promoting the expansion of self-reactive B cells. Expansion of circulating Tfh like cells have also been described in several autoimmune diseases. Although, the signals required for Tfh differentiation have now been well described, the mechanisms that sustain the maintenance of fully differentiated Tfh are less understood. Recent data demonstrate a role for GC B cells for Tfh maintenance after protein immunization. Methods and Finding Given the pathogenic role Tfh play in autoimmune disease, we explored whether B cells are required for maintenance of autoreactive Tfh. Our data suggest that the number of mature autoreactive Tfh cells is controlled by GC B cells. Depletion of B cells in Sle1 autoimmune mice leads to a dramatic reduction in Tfh cells. In NZB/W F1 autoimmune mice, similar to the SRBC immunization model, GC B cells support the maintenance of mature Tfh, which is dependent mainly on ICOS. The CD28-associated pathway is dispensable for Tfh maintenance in SRBC immunized mice, but is required in the spontaneous NZB/W F1 model. Conclusion These data suggest that mature Tfh cells require signals from GC B cells to sustain their optimal numbers and function in both autoimmune and immunization models. Thus, immunotherapies targeting B cells in autoimmune disease may affect pathogenic Tfh cells.
Price-Level Targeting and Stabilization Policy : A Review

Bank of Canada discussion papers are completed research studies on a wide variety of technical subjects relevant to central bank policy. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author. No responsibility for them should be attributed to the Bank of Canada. John Murray for helpful discussions. All errors are my own responsibility. Abstract The author surveys recent articles on the costs and benefits of price-level targeting versus inflation targeting, focusing on the benefits and costs of price-level targeting as a tool for stabilization policy. He reviews papers that examine how price-level targeting affects the short-run trade-off between output and inflation variability by influencing expectations of future inflation. The author looks at the implications of this argument for assigning an objective based on price-level targeting to a central bank that is unable to commit to its future policies. He discusses some recent papers that examine how price-level targeting can help to avoid the zero-bound problem, and papers that examine the incentives created by price-level targeting to change the degree of indexation of private contracts. des contrats privés.
An Online Swallow Detection Algorithm Based on the Quadratic Variation of Dual-Axis Accelerometry

Swallow accelerometry is an emerging tool for noninvasive dysphagia screening. However, the automatic detection of a swallowing event is challenging due to contaminant vibrations arising from head motion, speech and coughing. In this paper, we consider the acceleration signal as a stochastic diffusion where movement is associated with drift and swallowing with volatility. Using this model, we develop a volatility-based swallow event detector that operates on the raw acceleration signal in an online fashion. With data from healthy participants and patients with dysphagia, the proposed detector achieves performance comparable to previously proposed swallow segmentation algorithms, with the added benefit of online detection and no signal pre-processing. The volatility-based detector may be useful for event identification in other biomechanical applications that rely on accelerometry signals.
Dendrogramix: A hybrid tree-matrix visualization technique to support interactive exploration of dendrograms

Clustering is often a first step when trying to make sense of a large data set. A wide family of cluster analysis algorithms, namely hierarchical clustering algorithms, does not provide a partition of the data set but a hierarchy of clusters organized in a binary tree, known as a dendrogram. The dendrogram has a classical node-link representation used by experts for various tasks like: to decide which subtrees are actual clusters (e.g., by cutting the dendrogram at a given depth); to give those clusters a name by inspecting their content; etc. We present Dendrogramix, a hybrid tree-matrix interactive visualization of dendrograms that superimposes the relationship between individual objects on to the hierarchy of clusters. Dendrogramix enables users to do tasks which involve both clusters and individual objects that are impracticable with the classical representation, like: to explain why a particular objects belongs to a particular cluster; to elicit and understand uncommon patterns (e.g., objects that could have been classified in a totally different cluster); etc. Those sensemaking tasks are supported by a consistent set of interaction techniques that facilitates the exploration of large clustering results.
Distributed Processing of Probabilistic Top-k Queries in Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we introduce the notion of sufficient set and necessary set for distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in cluster-based wireless sensor networks. These two concepts have very nice properties that can facilitate localized data pruning in clusters. Accordingly, we develop a suite of algorithms, namely, sufficient set-based (SSB), necessary set-based (NSB), and boundary-based (BB), for intercluster query processing with bounded rounds of communications. Moreover, in responding to dynamic changes of data distribution in the network, we develop an adaptive algorithm that dynamically switches among the three proposed algorithms to minimize the transmission cost. We show the applicability of sufficient set and necessary set to wireless sensor networks with both two-tier hierarchical and tree-structured network topologies. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms reduce data transmissions significantly and incur only small constant rounds of data communications. The experimental results also demonstrate the superiority of the adaptive algorithm, which achieves a near-optimal performance under various conditions.
The Functional Preparedness Of Football Players With Various Ability

This study on the functional readiness of football players in the different game rolesof the teams of Vietnam’s first and second championships is revealed. The criteria forthe readiness of football players are indicators such as maximum oxygen consumptionand physical performance.Functional status of the players is determined in the research laboratory of HCM StatePhysical Culture Academy. The difference in the structure of the functional readinessof the players with different abilities of different playing roles (goalkeeper, center andwing, central midfield and wing and attack) is revealed.Key words: football players–playing role–functional readiness–VO2max–PWC170