Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sistema avanzado de asistencia al conductor para la detección de distracción y somnolencia utilizando puntos de referencia faciales

En este artículo se presenta el desarrollo de un sistema avanzado de asistencia al conductor para la detección de somnolencia y distracción en tiempo real como una solución ante los accidentes de tránsito utilizando visión artificial. Inicialmente se aborda la problemática sobre los accidentes de tránsito en Ecuador en 2021, para luego definir la distracción y la somnolencia y sus diferentes clases. En un siguiente punto, se presentan los trabajos de investigación más sobresalientes relacionados con la detección de somnolencia y distracción con los tipos de detección utilizados. Luego, se da a conocer las metodologías aplicadas en esta investigación, para la revisión de literatura se utilizó la metodología para la revisión sistemática de la literatura aplicada a la ingeniería y la educación y para la implementación del proyecto la metodología SCRUM. Para la detección de somnolencia y distracción se la realiza mediante puntos de referencia faciales; en cuanto a la somnolencia se utiliza la relación de aspecto del ojo EAR y como un aporte nuevo en la detección de distracción se aplica una diferencia de distancias horizontales.
Usefulness of Preoperative Determination of Serum MR-ProAdrenomedullin Levels to Predict the Need for Postoperative Organ Support in Abdominal Oncological Surgery

The need for postoperative organic support is associated with patient outcomes. Biomarkers may be useful for detecting patients at risk. MR-ProADM is a novel biomarker with an interesting profile that can be used in this context. The main objective of this study was to verify whether there was an association between the preoperative serum levels of MR-ProADM and the need for organic support after elective abdominal cancer surgery, and to determine the preoperative MR-ProADM value that predicts the need for postoperative organic support. This was a multicenter prospective observational study conducted by four tertiary hospitals in Spain between 2017 and 2018. Plasma samples were collected for the quantification of MR-ProADM from adults who underwent major abdominal surgery during 2017–2018. The primary outcome was the need for organic support in the first seven postoperative days and its association with the preoperative levels of MR-ProADM, and the secondary outcome was the preoperative levels of MR-ProADM in the study population. This study included 370 patients with a mean age of 67.4 ± 12.9 years. Seventeen percent (63 patients) required some postoperative organic support measures in the first week. The mean preoperative value of MR-ProADM in patients who required organic support was 1.16 ± 1.15 nmol/L. The AUC-ROC of the preoperative MR-ProADM values associated with the need for organic support was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.59–0.75). The preoperative MR-ProADM value, which showed the best compromise in sensitivity and specificity for predicting the need for organic support, was 0.70 nmol/L. The negative predictive value was 91%. A multivariate analysis confirmed that a preoperative level of MR-ProADM ≥ 0.70 nmol/L is an independent factor associated with risk of postoperative organic support (OR 2, 6). Elevated preoperative MR-ProADM levels are associated with the need for postoperative organic support. Therefore, MR-ProADM may be a useful biomarker for perioperative risk assessment.
Modal Analysis of a Top-Tensioned Riser Experiencing Vortex-Induced Vibration and Varying Axial Tensions

CFD simulations of a top-tensioned riser experiencing VIV and varying axial tensions are conducted through viv-FOAM-SJTU solver. The varying tension reflects the effect of heave motions of the platform. Strip method is used to simplify the calculation and PimpleDyMFoam module in OpenFOAM is used to solve the fluid field. When the axial tension changes over time, natural frequencies changes over time leading to the changes of VIV response. Internal resonance of the first mode has great impact on the in-line vibration. The multi-modal vibration and modal transitions are illustrated in the simulations.
The Prognostic and Predictive Value of Human Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Exosomal mRNA Expression of PD-L1 and IFNγ for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Response in Metastatic Melanoma Patients: PROTOCOL TRIAL

Background: Immunotherapy has been successful in treating advanced melanoma, but a large proportion of patients do not respond to the treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Preclinical and small cohort studies suggest gastrointestinal microbiome composition and exosomal mRNA expression of PD-L1 and IFNγ from the primary tumor, stool and body fluids as potential biomarkers for response. Methods: Patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors as a first line treatment for metastatic melanoma are recruted to this prospective study. Stool samples are submitted before the start of treatment, at the 12th (+/−2) week and 28th (+/−2) week, and at the occurrence of event (suspected disease progression/hyperprogression, immune-related adverse event (irAE), deterioration). Peripheral venous blood samples are taken additionally at the same time points for cytologic and molecular tests. Histological material from the tumor tissue is obtained before the start of immunotherapy treatment. Primary objectives are to determine whether the human gastrointestinal microbiome (bacterial and viral) and the exosomal mRNA expression of PD-L1 and IFNγ and its dynamics predicts the response to treatment with PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors and its association with the occurrence of irAE. The response is evaluated radiologically with imaging methods in accordance with the irRECIST criteria. Conclusions: This is the first study to combine and investigate multiple potential predictive and prognostic biomarkers and their dynamics in first line ICI in metastatic melanoma patients.
How does Energy Consumption Affect Sectorial Value Addition? An Empirical Evidence from SAARC Economies

Understanding the significant role of energy in key sectors is a substantial element for energy planning and policy of an economy. In the context of global energy demand and scarcity issues, the current study is an attempt to explore the role of Energy Demand at the sectorial level of the SAARC economies by using value addition of key sectors as a starting point. To address the objectives of the study, and to explore the dynamic relationship among the variables, dynamic simultaneous panel data models are employed. In this context, the study employed Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) as an estimation technique. The findings demonstrate positive and significant impact of Energy Demand on Agriculture and Industrial Value added growth while a negative impact on Services Value Added growth has been found. Similarly, the conventional growth factors such has Human capital and Physical capital along with Population Growth contributed positively and significantly to the sectorial value addition growth. On the basis of these empirical findings the study suggests that Energy allocation towards Agriculture and Industrial sector must be focused to achieve potential economic growth of the SAARC economies.
Fixed Orientation Interconnection Problems: Theory, Algorithms and Applications

Interconnection problems have natural applications in the design of integrated circuits (or chips). A modern chip consists of billions of trans istors that are connected by metal wires on the surface of the chip. These metal w ires are routed on a (fairly small) number of layers in such a way that electri cally independent nets do not intersect each other. Traditional manufacturin g technology limits the orientations of the wires to be either horizontal or vertica l — and is known as Manhattan architecture. Over the last decade there has been a growing interest in gene ral architectures, where more than two perpendicular orientations can be used f or routing. This development has made fixed orientation interconnection pro blems (where an arbitrary set of fixed orientations can be used) interesting fr om a research point of view. In particular, the problem of computing minimum lengt h networks with fixed orientations — the so-called fixed orientation Steiner tr e problem — has received significant attention. This doctoral dissertation is a collection of twelve resear ch papers and a survey on the fixed orientation Steiner tree problem and some of its gen eralizations. One of the main contributions is a linear time algorithm for comput ing a Steiner minimum tree for a given full topology. Also, a linear programming fo rmulation is presented for the problem. For the general problem an exact algorithm t at computes optimal solutions to problem instances with thousands of poin ts is described and implemented. A novel paradigm for routing a chip using a gene ral architecture is implemented and tested on a set of benchmark instances; the a pproach documents the advantages of using more than two fixed orientations in ch ip design. The last part of the dissertation is concerned with generali zations that are motivated by chip design. Firstly, a catalog of problems that can be solved on the so-called Hanan grid is presented. Next, generalizations r elated to signal delay and group interconnections are studied, and finally, proper ties of the rotational Steiner tree problem are given. The results of the dissertation represent a significant step forward, both concerning theory and algorithms, for the fixed orientation Steiner tre e problem. In addition, the work maintains a close link to applications and generali zations motivated by chip design.
Editorial: Organoids, organs-on-chip, nanoparticles and in silico approaches to dissect the tumor-immune dynamics and to unveil the drug resistance mechanisms to therapy in the tumor microenvironment

COPYRIGHT © 2023 Mattei, George and Jolly. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. TYPE Editorial PUBLISHED 18 July 2023 DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023. 1253551
The genome sequence of the critically endangered Kroombit tinkerfrog ( Taudactylus pleione)

The Kroombit tinkerfrog ( Taudactylus pleione) is a stream-dwelling amphibian of the Myobatrachidae family. It is listed as Critically Endangered and is at high risk of extinction due to chytridiomycosis. Here, we provide the first genome assembly of the evolutionarily distinct Taudactylus genus. We sequenced PacBio HiFi reads to assemble a high-quality long-read genome and identified the mitochondrial genome. We also generated a global transcriptome from a tadpole to improve gene annotation. The genome was 5.52 Gb in length and consisted of 4,196 contigs with a contig N50 of 8.853 Mb and an L50 of 153. This study provides the first genomic resources for the Kroombit tinkerfrog to assist in future phylogenetic, environmental DNA, conservation breeding, and disease susceptibility studies.
Designing Mathematical Thinking Tasks

Abstract Research has shown that the types of tasks assigned to students affect their learning. Various authors have described desirable features of mathematical tasks or of the activity they initiate. Others have suggested task taxonomies that might be used in classifying mathematical tasks. Drawing on this literature, we propose a set of task types that are deemed appropriate for undergraduate students and which foster mathematical habits of mind. These are: generating examples; analyzing reasoning; evaluating mathematical statements; conjecturing and/or generalizing; visualizing; and using definitions. We give rationales for our choices and examples of each type of task suitable for use in an introductory calculus course.
Six Sigma Approach with Integration of FMEA-Fuzzy SWARA-Fuzzy WASPAS to Minimize Bottled Water Defects

Along with the increasingly tight competition, companies are required to always be consistent in improving the quality of its products. Improvement of product quality can be achieved through minimization or even reduction of product defects. This study aims to minimize defects by providing improvement suggestions based on critical failure modes The Six Sigma approach is adopted to reduce the occurrence of product defects. The FMEA-FSWARA-FWASPAS FMEA method is integrated in the six sigma approach, especially to determine the priority of failure modes and the recommended efforts to minimize failure modes that trigger product defects. FSWARA is used to determine severity, occurrence, and detection weights as failure mode assessment criteria. Meanwhile, determination of the critical failure mode is based on the results of the evaluation using FWASPAS. This research is based on a case study in which 5 types of defects were found, namely, skewness, underfilling, leaks, broken lids, and broken boxes. The main causes lie in the human factor and the machine factor. The results showed that there were 3 critical failure modes, namely, the wrong setting of the cutter timer by the operator, the frequent change in the heater temperature, and material getting damaged
Characterization and Corrections for Clamp-On Fluid Temperature Measurements in Turbulent Flows

A clamp-on measurement system for flexible and accurate fluid temperature measurements for turbulent flows with Reynolds numbers higher than 30,000 is presented in this paper. This noninvasive system can be deployed without interference with the fluid flow while delivering the high accuracies necessary for performance and acceptance testing for power plants in terms of measurement accuracy and position. The system is experimentally validated in the fluid flow of a solar thermal parabolic trough collector test bench, equipped with built-in sensors as reference. Its applicability under industrial conditions is demonstrated at the 50 MWel AndaSol-3 parabolic trough solar power plant in Spain. A function based on large experimental data correcting the temperature Gradient between the measured clamp-on sensor and actual fluid temperature is developed, achieving an uncertainty below 60.7 K (2r) for fluid temperatures up to 400 C. In addition, the experimental results are used to validate a numerical model. Based on the results of this model, a general dimensionless correction function for a wider range of application scenarios is derived. The clamp-on system, together with the dimensionless correction function, supports numerous combinations of fluids, pipe materials, insulations, geometries, and operation conditions and should be useful in a variety of industrial applications of the power and chemical industry where temporal noninvasive fluid temperature measurement is needed with good accuracy. The comparison of the general dimensionless correction function with measurement data indicates a measurement uncertainty below 1 K (2r).
Efficient Privacy Preserving in IoMT With Blockchain and Lightweight Secret Sharing

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) aggregates a series of smart medical devices and fully uses the collected health data to improve user experience, medical resource utilization, and full life cycle protection. However, privacy leakage, data loss, and inefficient sharing problems are still serious in the data-sharing process between different smart medical devices. This article first introduces an efficient privacy-preserving model with blockchain to construct a secure data-sharing mechanism between different device nodes. This model utilizes distributed storage form to solve the centralized management problem and provides a fundamental secret reconstruction and retrieval framework. Then, a lightweight <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(t,n)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-threshold secret sharing <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(t/n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-SS) scheme is designed to strengthen the medical data-sharing security and efficiency. It utilizes the interleaving encode technology to decrease the length of original message into <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> small shares. These small shares are also suitable for data transmission and processing with a more energy-efficient way. It can protect privacy by destroying the data’s semantic meaning. Meanwhile, it only needs less than <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t (t\leq n)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> shares to recover the original secrets, making the sharing process more efficient. Moreover, the performance evaluations of transaction processing in IoMT show that the proposed model is very stable. The simulation and performance evaluation results show that this <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t/n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-SS scheme is energy efficient, storage saving, and strong fault tolerance than similar literature.
Case Report of an Osteochondral Lesion of the First Metatarsal Head in an Adolescent Patient Treated by Autograft Mosaicplasty: Surgical Technique and Decision-Making Rationale

Introduction: First metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint mobility is critical to a normal gait pattern; therefore, osteochondral defects (OCDs) of the first metatarsal head should be treated promptly to avoid functional limitation and progression to hallux rigidus. <15 cases of OCDs of the first MTP joint in the pediatric population, predominantly adolescents, have been published so far. The purpose of this article is to present a rare case of an adolescent first MTP joint OCD treated by the technique of autograft osteochondral mosaicplasty, which has been commonly used for OCDs of the knee and talus but scarcely described for the first MTP joint. Case Report: The case of a 13-year-old male futsal player with a post-traumatic 50 mm2 OCD of the first metatarsal head is presented. The Osteochondral Autograft Transfer System® (Arthrex Inc™, Naples, FL) was used to harvest a 10-mm diameter donor plug from the medial ipsilateral femoral condyle, then delivered to the first metatarsal head. At the 6-month follow-up, physical activity had been resumed with no pain or significant mobility limitation and an improvement of the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society hallux score of 54–95 points. At the same time, a follow-up magnetic resonance showed complete incorporation of the osteochondral graft without bone edema or subchondral osteonecrosis. Conclusion: Treatment for osteochondral lesions, regardless of their location, aims to restore function by recreating the articular congruity reducing the potential for a progressive degenerative process. Multiple surgical treatment options exist for OCDs of the first metatarsal head. The treatment decision must take into consideration both patient factors and lesion factors. Based on this, a literature revision and treatment decision rationale are presented. This case demonstrated that an osteochondral transplant could be a reasonable treatment option for a traumatic, full-thickness OCD of the first metatarsal head in adolescent patients.
Unveiling the key genes, environmental toxins, and drug exposures in modulating the severity of ulcerative colitis: a comprehensive analysis

Background As yet, the genetic abnormalities involved in the exacerbation of Ulcerative colitis (UC) have not been adequately explored based on bioinformatic methods. Materials and methods The gene microarray data and clinical information were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. The scale-free gene co-expression networks were constructed by R package “WGCNA”. Gene enrichment analysis was performed via Metascape database. Differential expression analysis was performed using “Limma” R package. The “randomForest” packages in R was used to construct the random forest model. Unsupervised clustering analysis performed by “ConsensusClusterPlus”R package was utilized to identify different subtypes of UC patients. Heat map was established using the R package “pheatmap”. Diagnostic parameter capability was evaluated by ROC curve. The”XSum”packages in R was used to screen out small-molecule drugs for the exacerbation of UC based on cMap database. Molecular docking was performed with Schrodinger molecular docking software. Results Via WGCNA, a total 77 high Mayo score-associated genes specific in UC were identified. Subsequently, the 9 gene signatures of the exacerbation of UC was screened out by random forest algorithm and Limma analysis, including BGN,CHST15,CYYR1,GPR137B,GPR4,ITGA5,LILRB1,SLFN11 and ST3GAL2. The ROC curve suggested good predictive performance of the signatures for exacerbation of UC in both the training set and the validation set. We generated a novel genotyping scheme based on the 9 signatures. The percentage of patients achieved remission after 4 weeks intravenous corticosteroids (CS-IV) treatment was higher in cluster C1 than that in cluster C2 (54% vs. 27%, Chi-square test, p=0.02). Energy metabolism-associated signaling pathways were significantly up-regulated in cluster C1, including the oxidative phosphorylation, pentose and glucuronate interconversions and citrate cycle TCA cycle pathways. The cluster C2 had a significant higher level of CD4+ T cells. The”XSum”algorithm revealed that Exisulind has a therapeutic potential for UC. Exisulind showed a good binding affinity for GPR4, ST3GAL2 and LILRB1 protein with the docking glide scores of –7.400 kcal/mol, –7.191 kcal/mol and –6.721 kcal/mol, respectively.We also provided a comprehensive review of the environmental toxins and drug exposures that potentially impact the progression of UC. Conclusion Using WGCNA and random forest algorithm, we identified 9 gene signatures of the exacerbation of UC. A novel genotyping scheme was constructed to predict the severity of UC and screen UC patients suitable for CS-IV treatment. Subsequently, we identified a small molecule drug (Exisulind) with potential therapeutic effects for UC. Thus, our study provided new ideas and materials for the personalized clinical treatment plans for patients with UC.
Polysomnographic study in pediatric neurofibromatosis type 1

Background Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disease that alters neurodevelopment. We aimed to analyze the sleep macrostructure of a sample of children affected by NF1 without neurocognitive co-morbidities and MRI reports of unidentified bright objects (UBOs). Methods A 100 pre-pubertal children participated in the cross-sectional study: 50 subjects were children diagnosed with NF1 and 50 subjects were typically developing healthy children (TDC). All participants underwent polysomnographic evaluation through which conventional sleep parameters were collected: Total sleep time (TST), Sleep latency (SOL), first REM latency (FRL), number of stage shifts/h (SS/h), number of awakenings/h (AWN/h), wake after sleep onset (WASO%), sleep efficiency percentage (SE%), percentage of sleep time spent in sleep stages 1 (N1%) and 2 (N2%), slow-wave sleep (N3%), and REM sleep (REM%). Additionally, nocturnal respiratory events such as apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), and periodic limb movement index (PLMI) were recorded. Results Neurofibromatosis type 1 children showed a reduction in sleep duration parameters (TST; p < 0.001), sleep efficiency (SE%; p < 0.001), and stage N2% (p < 0.001). Moreover, the number of awakenings per hour (AWN/h), wake after sleep onset (WASO%), and respiratory events such as AHI, ODI, and PLMI resulted higher in NF1 vs. TDC children. Conclusion The data showed that the sleep macrostructure differs between NF1 and TDC children. These findings suggest that the evaluation of sleep may provide useful support in corroborating the diagnosis and offers additional therapeutic management perspectives in NF1 and genetic neurodevelopmental disorders in general.