Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Research on the Application of Text Clustering and Natural Language Understanding in Automatic Abstracting

A method of realization of automatic abstracting based on text clustering and natural language understanding is brought forward, aimed at overcoming shortages of some current methods. The method makes use of text clustering and can realize automatic abstracting of multi-documents. The algorithm of twice word segmentation based on the title and first-sentences in paragraphs is brought forward. Its precision and recall is above 95% for a specific domain on plastics, an automatic abstracting system named TCAAS is implemented. The precision and recall of multi-document's automatic abstracting is above 75% And experiments do prove that it is feasible to use the method to develop a domain automatic abstracting system, which is valuable for further study in more depth.
Cell Dispensing in Low-Volume Range with the Immediate Drop-on-Demand Technology (I-DOT)

Handling and dosing of cells comprise the most critical step in the microfabrication of cell-based assay systems for screening and toxicity testing. Therefore, the immediate drop-on-demand technology (I-DOT) was developed to provide a flexible noncontact liquid handling system enabling dispensing of cells and liquid without the risk of cross-contamination down to a precise volume in the nanoliter range. Liquid is dispensed from a source plate within nozzles at the bottom by a short compressed air pulse that is given through a quick release valve into the well, thus exceeding the capillary pressure in the nozzle. Droplets of a defined volume can be spotted directly onto microplates or other cell culture devices. We present a study on the performance and biological impact of this technology by applying the cell line MCF-7, human fibroblasts, and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). For all cell types tested, viability after dispensing is comparable to the control and exhibits similar proliferation rates in the absence of apoptotic cells, and the differentiation potential of hMSCs is not impaired. The immediate drop-on-demand technology enables accurate cell dosage and offers promising potential for single-cell applications.
Knowledge in quantum systems

This paper applies to quantum systems a modelling for the logic of knowledge, originally developed for reasoning about distributed systems, but since then applied to game theory, computer security and artificial intelligence. A formal model of quantum message passing systems is developed and the question of how one might define the semantics of a modal operator for knowledge in this model is considered. It is argued that there are at least two plausible semantics, depending on whether the agents are permitted to make use of their quantum state in determining what they know, and on whether one is dealing with single instances of quantum systems, or ensembles. The framework is illustrated using a number of examples from the quantum computing literature, including protocols for quantum key distribution and teleportation.
Frontal Infarcts and Anxiety in Stroke

Background and Purpose— This study examined the association between poststroke anxiety symptoms (PSA) and frontal lobe infarcts. Methods— A cohort of 693 patients was recruited. PSA was defined as an anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score of 8 or above. The presence and location of infarcts were evaluated with MRI. Results— Compared with the non-PSA group, PSA patients were more likely to have right frontal acute infarcts. Right frontal infarcts remained independent predictors of PSA in the multivariate analysis, with an odds ratio of 4.44 (P=0.002). Conclusions— The results suggest that right frontal acute infarcts may play a role in the development of PSA.
Rotating and gyroscopic MEMS energy scavenging

Extracting energy from motion and vibration is an attractive route to powering wireless sensors, and MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) technology is well suited to miniaturizing such generators. Most reported MEMS motion-driven scavengers use linear displacement, and have very restricted output power. Here two alternatives are proposed and analyzed: resonant rotating generators, in which the angular amplitude of the proof mass is greater than that of the source motion, and gyroscopic scavengers, in which the proof mass is actively spun or vibrated. By avoiding, respectively, the linear displacement limit and the limited mass of conventional devices, it is shown that large increases in obtainable power are possible, particularly if parasitic damping is minimized
Fault Tolerance Overhead in Network-on-Chip Flow Control Schemes

Flow control mechanisms in network-on-chip (NoC) architectures are critical for fast packet propagation across the network and for low idling of network resources. Buffer management and allocation are fundamental tasks of each flow control scheme. Buffered flow control is the focus of this work. We consider alternative schemes (STALL/GO, T-Error, ACK/NACK) for buffer and channel bandwidth allocation in presence of pipelined switch-to-switch links. These protocols provide varying degrees of fault tolerance support, resulting in different area and power tradeoffs. Our analysis is aimed at determining the overhead of such support when running in error-free environments, which are the typical operating mode. Implementation in the timespipes NoC architecture and functional simulation by means of a virtual platform allowed us to capture application perceived performance, thus providing guidelines for NoC designers
Intravenous Regional Anesthesia With 0.5% Articaine, 0.5% Lidocaine, or 0.5% Prilocaine: A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Study

Background and Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three local anesthetic agents for intravenous regional anesthesia in the upper limb. Side effects and plasma concentrations of the drugs in the doses administered for IVRA were also studied. Methods Thirty patients in ASA groups I and II received intravenous regional anesthesia for surgery of the upper limb. In a double-blind prospective study, they were randomly allocated to receive one of three local anesthetics: articaine, lidocaine, or prilocaine. Patients received 40 mL of a 0.5% solution of the local anesthetic. The onset time of sensory block was assessed by pinprick and the extent of motor block was was scored as 0-3. Plasma concentrations of local anesthetics were determined in all patients from serial arterial blood samples drawn at predetermined times before and after tourniquet release. Results The onset time of sensory block was significantly shorter (2.5 minutes) in the articaine group than in the lidocaine group (11.1 minutes) or the prilocaine group (10.9 minutes) (Scheffe, P < .05). Development of motor block was equal in all three groups (score 2). Estimation of plasma concentrations by high performance liquid chromatography showed that the peak level in all 30 patients was reached immediately after release of the tourniquet; plasma concentrations thereafter gradually declined. Maximum concentrations of articaine, lidocaine, and prilocaine were, 1.85, 8.5, and 4.4 μg/mL, respectively. No signs of local anesthetic toxicity of the cardiovascular or central nervous systems were seen. Conclusion Articaine had the fastest onset of sensory block and the lowest peak plasma concentration of the three local anesthetics when used for intravenous regional anesthesia.
Morphological spectrum of leukemic mantle cell lymphoma.

BACKGROUND Leukemic involvement in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is common, and can be secondary to nodal or extranodal disease or can be de-novo. There is paucity of literature that describes the morphological spectrum. AIM This study was aimed at studying the morphological spectrum of leukemic MCL and to correlate the morphology with other features. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty six such cases diagnosed over a period of four years were studied. Peripheral blood and bone marrow aspiration smears stained with Wrights stain were examined by three hematopathologists. Immunophenotyping was done using multicolor flow cytometry. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) done in 12 cases showed t(11;14)(q13:q32). RESULTS Six cases had de-novo leukemic involvement; while 20 cases had secondary involvement. Morphologically, the cells were small (less than twice the size of red blood cell) or large. Small cell morphology in turn showed irregular nuclear border (n=13) or round nuclear contour (n=6). Large cells had blastic morphology (n=5) or had central prominent nucleoli resembling prolymhphocytes (n=2). Twenty cases showed characteristic immunophenotype of CD5+/CD19+/CD20+/FMC7+/CD10-/CD23- and light chain restrictions. Three cases expressed CD23 and two cases were negative for FMC7. Five out of 12 cases, where FISH was done, showed cytogenetic abnormalities in addition to t(11;14)(q13;q32). CONCLUSION Morphological spectrum of leukemic MCL ranges from small cells resembling chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or follicular lymphoma (FL) to large cell mimicking prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL) or acute leukemia. Large cell morphology was associated with more frequent additional cytogenetic abnormality as well as a poorer outcome.
General Game Learning Using Knowledge Transfer

We present a reinforcement learning game player that can interact with a General Game Playing system and transfer knowledge learned in one game to expedite learning in many other games. We use the technique of value-function transfer where general features are extracted from the state space of a previous game and matched with the completely different state space of a new game. To capture the underlying similarity of vastly disparate state spaces arising from different games, we use a game-tree lookahead structure for features. We show that such feature-based value function transfer learns superior policies faster than a reinforcement learning agent that does not use knowledge transfer. Furthermore, knowledge transfer using lookahead features can capture opponent-specific value-functions, i.e. can exploit an opponent's weaknesses to learn faster than a reinforcement learner that uses lookahead with minimax (pessimistic) search against the same opponent.
The primary growth of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro is effectively supported by paired cancer-associated fibroblasts alone

Most primarily cultured laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells are difficult to propagate in vitro and have a low survival rate. However, in our previous work to establish a laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line, we found that laryngeal cancer-associated fibroblasts appeared to strongly inhibit the apoptosis of primarily cultured laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro. In this study, we investigated whether paired laryngeal cancer-associated fibroblasts alone can effectively support the growth of primarily cultured laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro. In all, 29 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma specimens were collected and primarily cultured. The laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells were separated from cancer-associated fibroblasts by differential trypsinization and continuously subcultured. Morphological changes of the cultured laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells were observed. Immunocytofluorescence was used to authenticate the identity of the cancer-associated fibroblasts and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Flow cytometry was used to quantify the proportion of apoptotic cells. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of caspase-3. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7, hepatocyte growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor 1 in the supernatants of the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and control cells. AMD3100 (a chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 antagonist) and an anti–chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7 antibody were used to block the tumor-supporting capacity of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Significant apoptotic changes were detected in the morphology of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells detached from cancer-associated fibroblasts. The percentage of apoptotic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells and the protein levels of caspase-3 increased gradually in subsequent subcultures. In contrast, no significant differences in the proliferation capacity of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells cocultured with cancer-associated fibroblasts were detected during subculturing. High level of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 was detected in the culture supernatant of cancer-associated fibroblasts. The tumor-supporting effect of cancer-associated fibroblasts was significantly inhibited by AMD3100. Our findings demonstrate that the paired laryngeal cancer-associated fibroblasts alone are sufficient to support the primary growth of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro and that the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12/chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 axis is one of the major contributors.
The Prediction Level of Self-Esteem on Humor Style and Positive-Negative Affect

th , 2012; revised June 20 th , 2012; accepted July 10 th , 2012 The aim of this study is to analyze if there are significant correlations among self-esteem, humor styles and positive-negative affection and if self esteem significantly predicts humor styles and positive-negative affection. A total of 440 under graduate students (77% female) chosen by random set sampling method participated in this study voluntarily. The mean age of the participants was 20.33 with a standard deviation of 1.73. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Humor Styles Questionnaire and The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule were employed in order to collect the data of the study. To analyze the data the Pearson moments correlation technique and multiple regression analysis were used. According to the findings of the study there were positive significant correlations between self-esteem and affiliative and self-enhancing humor styles, negative correlations between self esteem and aggressive and self defeating humor styles. Another finding of the study shows that there is a significant positive correlation between self-esteem and positive affection and a significant negative correlation between self-esteem and negative affect. Self-esteem significantly predicts the humor styles sub dimensions. Self-esteem explains 3.1% of the total variance in affiliative humor style (R 2 = .031, β = .176, p < .001), 5.7% of the total variance in self enhancing humor style (R 2 = .057, β = .239, p < .001), 1.1% of the total variance in aggressive humor style (R 2 = .011, β = –.107, p < .05), 4.1% of the total variance in self defeating humor style (R 2 = .041, β = –.208, p < .001). As a result of the analysis predicting the positive-negative affection; self-esteem explains 14.7% of the total variance in positive affect (R 2 = .147, β = .384, p < .001) and 4.2% of the total variance in negative affect (R 2 = –.042, β = –.204, p < .001).
FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SURFACE NANOSCALE AXIAL PHOTONICS MICRORESONATORS

Micro-scale, whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators are important devices for trapping, slowing down, and intensifying light in opto-electronic applications. Of the many available silica-based devices, surface nanoscale axial photonics (SNAP) resonators are a new generation of WGM microresonators, consisting of an optical fiber with nanoscale variations of its effective radius. They have received great attention owing to their advantages over conventional silica-based devices, such as flexibility and ultra-low losses, which lead to ultra-high quality factors. They have demonstrated great potential as photonic micro-devices in switching, slowing light, filtering, lasing, and sensing with high precision, as well as for research on Anderson localization and tunnelling. In this thesis, we present a new fabrication method for SNAP devices using a regular hydrogen-oxygen torch, requiring less equipment than current techniques. We have characterized our SNAP devices with evanescent spectroscopy, utilizing a tapered optical fiber as an excitation source. The transmission spectroscopy results show that our flame fabricated SNAP devices have modes with very high quality factors (~10^7) which can show significant thermal non-linear effects.
Evidence for Separate Adhesion Mechanisms for Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Surfaces in Vibrio proteolytica

The proteolytic enzymes pronase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin and the surfactant Triton X-100 inhibited attachment of Vibrio proteolytica to the hydrophobic substratum polystyrene by >97%. These treatments had no effect on attachment to hydrophilic substrata such as glass or tissue culture dishes. Both pronase and Triton X-100 effected the removal of previously attached cells from polystyrene but not from hydrophilic surfaces. Removal of cells from polystyrene by pronase left material (which we have termed footprints) that stained with the protein-specific stain Hoechst 2495 but not with the DNA-specific stain Hoechst 33342. Pronase treatment also caused a significant decrease in cell surface hydrophobicity as determined by phase partitioning in hexane or petroleum ether. Collectively, these results imply the existence of separate mechanisms for the adhesion of V. proteolytica to hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrata and suggest a role for protein in the latter mechanism.
Kallikrein-related peptidases in prostate, breast, and ovarian cancers: from pathobiology to clinical relevance

Abstract Tissue kallikrein (KLK1) and kallikrein-related peptidases (KLK2–15) comprise a family of 15 highly conserved secreted serine proteases with similar structural characteristics and a wide spectrum of functional properties. Both gene expression and protein activity of KLKs are rigorously controlled at various levels via diverse mechanisms, including extensive steroid hormone regulation, to exert their broad physiological role. Nevertheless, deregulated expression, secretion, and function of KLK family members has been observed in several pathological conditions and, particularly, in endocrine-related human malignancies, including those of the prostate, breast, and ovary. The cancer-related abnormal activity of KLKs upon substrates such as growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, cell surface receptors, and extracellular matrix proteins facilitate both tumorigenesis and disease progression to the advanced stages. The well-documented relationship between KLK status and the clinical outcome of cancer patients has led to their identification as promising diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment response monitoring biomarkers for these complex disease entities. The main objective of this review is to summarize the existing knowledge concerning the role of KLKs in prostate, breast, and ovarian cancers and to highlight their continually evolving biomarker capabilities that can provide significant benefits for the management of cancer patients.
Elastic/Plastic Indentation Damage in Ceramics: The Median/Radial Crack System

A theory for describing the evolution of the median/radial crack system in the far field of sharp-indenter contacts is developed. Analysis is based on a model in which the complex elastic/plastic field beneath the indenter is resolved into elastic and residual components. The elastic component, being reversible, assumes a secondary role in the fracture process: although it does enhance downward (median) extension during the loading half-cycle, it suppresses surface (radial) extension to the extent that significant growth continues during unloading. The residual component accordingly provides the primary driving force for the crack configuration in the final stages of evolution, where the crack tends to near-half-penny geometry. On the hypothesis that the origin of the irreversible field lies in the accommodation of an expanding plastic hardness impression by the surrounding elastic matrix, the ensuing fracture mechanics relations for equilibrium crack growth are found to involve the ratio hardness-to-modulus as well as toughness. Observations of crack evolution in soda-lime glass provide a suitable calibration of indentation coefficients in these relations. The calibrated equations are then demonstrated to be capable of predicting the widely variable median and radial growth characteristics observed in other ceramic materials. The theory is shown to have a vital bearing on important practical areas of ceramics evaluation, including toughness and strength.
EFFECTS OF DEICING SALT TRACE COMPOUNDS ON DETERIORATION OF PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE. FINAL REPORT

A study was made of the detrimental effects of trace amounts of calcium sulfate (occurring naturally in halite deposits used for deicing) on portland cement concrete pavements. It was found that sulfate introduced as gypsum with sodium chloride in deicing brines can have detrimental effects on portland cement mortar. Concentrations of sulfate as low as 0.5% of the solute rendered the brine destructive. Conditions of brine application were critical to specimen durability. The mechanisms of deterioration were found to be due to pore filling resulting from compound formation and deposition. A field evaluation of deteriorating joints suggests that the sulfate phenomena demonstrated in the laboratory also operates in the field. A preliminary evaluation was made of remedies: limits on sulfates, fly ash admixtures, treatment of existing pavement, and salt treatments. This report gives details of the research objectives, experimental design, field testing, and possible solutions. Recommendations for further study are presented.
A Framework for False Positive Suppression in Video Segmentation

Object detection in video surveillance is typically done through background subtraction or temporal differencing. While these techniques perform very well under scenes where there are minimal light changes, they begin to fail when the scene contains rapid illumination changes. The effects of this is most profound in indoor environments. Under these conditions, the background modeling techniques produce large numbers of false positives. This paper proposes a sequential approach to suppressing these false positives. Both frame and region level spatial scales are considered to detect sudden light changes and make use of Gabor filter responses and edge maps to identify and remove false positives.
Synthesizing TiAl Alloy by Spark Plasma Sintering from Mechanically Activated Powders

Powder of Ti-46at%Al alloy was synthesized through mechanical activation (MA) and then sintered and concurrently consolidated in a short sintering time of 900 s by using spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. The XRD and SEM profiles show that the microstructures of TiAl alloys contained γ TiAl and small amount α-2 Ti3Al phase, whose amount can be controlled by the sintering temperature. The compacts retained the original fine-grained fully densified bodies by avoiding an excessively high sintering temperature. The alloys sintered at higher temperature with this process showed a coarser microstructure. So it is possible to produce dense nanostructured TiAl alloys by mechanically activated spark plasma sintering (MASPS) within a very short period of time.