Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Involution of the sheep mammary gland

Changes in the ovine mammary gland epithelium during initiated involution were studied by light and electron microscopy. Apoptosis of the duct and alveolar epithelial cells was first identified at 2 d after weaning, reached a peak at 4 d and then progressed gradually thereafter. Apoptotic cells were phagocytosed by intraepithelial macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells. Occasional apoptotic epithelial cells were observed in the alveolar and duct lumina. The highly vacuolated cells in the alveolar and duct lumina were confirmed to be macrophages as they were CD45+, MHC class II+. Changes in myoepithelial cells involved shrinkage and extension of cytoplasmic processes into the underlying stroma and no apoptosis was observed. Regression of the blood capillaries was also by apoptosis. The resulting apoptotic bodies were either taken up by adjacent endothelial cells or were shed into the capillary lumen to be phagocytosed later by mural endothelial cells or blood monocytes. The mammary glands were completely involuted by 30 d after weaning. It was concluded that the mammary gland involutes by apoptosis, a process which allows deletion of cells without the loss of the basic architecture and the integrity of the epithelial lining of the gland.
New bounds on trilinear R-parity violation from lepton flavor violating observables

Many extensions of the leptonic sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) are known, most of them leading to observable flavor violating effects. It has been recently shown that the 1-loop contributions to lepton flavor violating three-body decays $l_i \to 3 l_j$ involving the $Z^0$ boson may be dominant, that is, much more important than the usual photonic penguins. Other processes like $\mu$-$e$ conversion in nuclei and flavor violating $\tau$ decays into mesons are also enhanced by the same effect. This is for instance also the case in the MSSM with trilinear R-parity violation. The aim of this work is to derive new bounds on the relevant combinations of R-parity violating couplings and to compare them with previous results in the literature. For heavy supersymmetric spectra the limits are improved by several orders of magnitude. For completeness, also constraints coming from flavor violating $Z^0$-decays and tree-level decay channels $l \to l_i l_j l_k$ are presented for a set of benchmark points.
Tapir: a language for verified OS kernel probes

Kernel probes allow code to be inserted into a running operating system kernel to gather information for debugging or profiling. Inserting code into the kernel raises a number of safety issues. Current solutions follow one of the two paths: a VM-based approach, where safety properties are checked dynamically by an interpreter, or a static-analysis approach, where probe code is guaranteed to be safe statically. While more attractive, existing static solutions depend on ad-hoc and error-prone analysis. We propose to explore enforcing safety properties using a type system, thus building our analysis on top of the well-studied ground of type theory.
A Discrete-Time Modified Sliding Mode Proximate Time-Optimal Servomechanism for Scanning-Probe-Microscope-Based Data Storage

In this paper, we present a discrete-time modified sliding mode proximate time-optimal servomechanism (MSMPTOS) applied to scanning probe microscope (SPM)-based data storage (SDS) systems. Three conditions on the global asymptotic stability are introduced. Time-varying sliding mode with variable convergence rate factor is used to eliminate the overshoot problem and reduce the settling time compared to the conventional sliding mode proximate time-optimal servomechanism (SMPTOS). For long track seek, its trajectory is bounded by a velocity profile that is close to time-optimal velocity profile. Its settling performance is hardly affected by seek distance whereas reducing seek time. We have obtained improved seek performance over SMPTOS for short and long seeks. Its effectiveness is verified with simulation results.
Audio classification from time-frequency texture

Time-frequency representations of audio signals often resemble texture images. This paper derives a simple audio classification algorithm based on treating sound spectrograms as texture images. The algorithm is inspired by an earlier visual classification scheme particularly efficient at classifying textures. While solely based on time-frequency texture features, the algorithm achieves surprisingly good performance in musical instrument classification experiments.
From Bench to Bedside: The Future of Neuroimaging Tools in Diagnosis and Treatment

Schizophrenia poses a challenge for diagnosis and treatment at least in part because it remains a syndromal diagnosis without clearly understood neuropathological bases or treatments with clearly understood mechanisms of action. Neuroimaging research promises to advance understanding of the unique pathological processes that contribute to this syndrome, and to foster both better appreciation of how current treatments work, and how future treatments should be developed.
Strategic Alignment Maturity: A Structural Equation Model Validation

Addressing the IT business alignment conundrum remains an important area to investigate. This is demonstrated by research over the past three decades that has consistently identified IT-business alignment as a pervasive and persistent problem. An even more compelling reason is empirical evidence demonstrating the relationship between IT-business alignment and firm performance. Recent research has found an association between higher levels of IT-business alignment maturity (using the lead authors’ maturity assessment) and higher levels of firm performance. These findings add credence to the importance of achieving a higher level of IT-business alignment maturity. Luftman’s Strategic Alignment Maturity (SAM) assessment combines six different organizational components (communications, value measurement, governance, partnership, technology scope, and skills) into a strategic alignment maturity score. The purpose of this paper is to summarize recent research that demonstrates the relationship of SAM and firm performance and the results of new research applying a structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis.
Does the timing of comorbidity affect colorectal cancer survival? A population based study

Objectives Comorbid conditions in colorectal cancer patients can influence both clinical eligibility for treatment and survival. We aimed to evaluate the effect of comorbidity on 1 year survival from colorectal cancer, and to assess whether this effect varied with the timing of the comorbidity in relation to the cancer diagnosis. Study design and setting A population based cohort of 29 563 colorectal cancer patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2004 in the North West of England was evaluated. The excess hazard of death up to 1 year after diagnosis was estimated using deprivation and region specific life tables to adjust for background mortality. Results were adjusted for age and stage at diagnosis. Results Comorbid conditions diagnosed during the period 18 to 6 months before the diagnosis of colorectal cancer were strongly associated with lower survival at 1 year. Stage and age remained the strongest predictors of cancer related mortality even after adjustment for comorbidity. Conclusions Administrative data provide a good estimate of the prevalence of most comorbid conditions but may be biased for some comorbid conditions that can be contra-indicators for cancer treatment. The time window in which a comorbid condition occurs in relation to the cancer diagnosis should be taken into account. Adjustment should be carried out, where possible, to provide more robust and clinically appropriate comparisons of population based cancer patient survival.
General Health status of workers among different workplaces in Qom Province, Iran

Introduction In a healthy organization, psychological health and physical health are as important as production and productivity; and healthy workers have higher productivity. Regarding lack of information about workers’ general health profile in Qom Province, this study aimed to assess and compare the staffs’ general health and its components among different workplaces in 2014. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 2,276 employees working at 46 industries and organizations completed a standardized General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 28) and a demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient by IBM SPSS version 20. Results The mean age of the participants was 32.22 (±7.55) years. Seventy-nine point four percent of participants were married and the rest were single. Highest and lowest scores belonged to social dysfunction and depression, respectively. Also, total score of staffs’ general health was 17.87 ± 10.93. The results showed that, in spite of the non-relationship between general health score difference among married and single personnel (p > 0.05), there was a significant difference between men and women and among organizations and industries with regards to general health score (p < 0.05), and drivers had the most difference with others. The relationship between workers’ ages and GH was significant (p < 0.05, Pearson’s bivariate correlation coefficient = −0.05). Conclusion The findings of this study collectively indicated that participants had an acceptable condition for mental factors, such as depression, but not in viewpoints of social dysfunction. In other words, staffs’ interfaces with circumstances and personal innovation/creativity in the workplaces are at risk. Altogether, the general health score in the studied population was suitable in its entirety.
Design and Application of All Phase Pyramidal Directional Filter Bank

Based on the essence of contourlet and all phase DCT sequency filtering theory, a novel all phase pyramidal directional filter bank is developed and applied to image denoising. In all phase datum space, pure 2-D directional filters are designed directly from its spectrum characteristics, so the directional filter banks can be constructed flexibly without rotation and resampling of image so as to preserve more image details and decrease the computational complexity. In addition, with the all phase directional filter bank proposed, horizontal and vertical directional subbands are divided, which can not be obtained by contourlet and other directional filter banks. It is shown in our experimental results that the proposed approach is superior to both wavelet and contourlet for most of the images and has especially better visual quality for images with many horizontal and vertical edges.
Small parity-check erasure codes - exploration and observations

Erasure codes have profound uses in wide- and medium-area storage applications. While infinite-size codes have been developed with optimal properties, there remains a need to develop small codes with optimal properties. In this paper, we provide a framework for exploring very small codes, and we use this framework to derive optimal and near-optimal ones for discrete numbers of data bits and coding bits. These codes have heretofore been unknown and unpublished, and should be useful in practice. We also use our exploration to make observations about upper bounds for these codes, in order to gain a better understanding of them and to spur future derivations of larger, optimal and near-optimal codes.
Mutations of MYH14 are associated to anorectal malformations with recto‐perineal fistulas in a small subset of Chinese population

Background: Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are among the most commonly congenital abnormalities of distal hindgut development, ranging from anal stenosis to anal atresia with or without fistulas and persistent cloaca. The etiology remains elusive for most ARM cases and the majority of genetic studies on ARMs were based on a candidate gene approach.
Downlink Packet Scheduling in LTE Cellular Networks: Key Design Issues and a Survey

Future generation cellular networks are expected to provide ubiquitous broadband access to a continuously growing number of mobile users. In this context, LTE systems represent an important milestone towards the so called 4G cellular networks. A key feature of LTE is the adoption of advanced Radio Resource Management procedures in order to increase the system performance up to the Shannon limit. Packet scheduling mechanisms, in particular, play a fundamental role, because they are responsible for choosing, with fine time and frequency resolutions, how to distribute radio resources among different stations, taking into account channel condition and QoS requirements. This goal should be accomplished by providing, at the same time, an optimal trade-off between spectral efficiency and fairness. In this context, this paper provides an overview on the key issues that arise in the design of a resource allocation algorithm for LTE networks. It is intended for a wide range of readers as it covers the topic from basics to advanced aspects. The downlink channel under frequency division duplex configuration is considered as object of our study, but most of the considerations are valid for other configurations as well. Moreover, a survey on the most recent techniques is reported, including a classification of the different approaches presented in literature. Performance comparisons of the most well-known schemes, with particular focus on QoS provisioning capabilities, are also provided for complementing the described concepts. Thus, this survey would be useful for readers interested in learning the basic concepts before going into the details of a particular scheduling strategy, as well as for researchers aiming at deepening more specific aspects.
PRE-REQUISITES IN GRAPH BASED APPROACH

Association rule mining is a function of data mining research domain and frequent pattern mining is an essential part of it. Most of the previous studies on mining frequent patterns based on an Apriori approach, which required more number of database scans and operations for counting pattern supports in the database. Since the size of each set of transaction may be massive that it makes difficult to perform traditional data mining tasks. This research intends to propose a graph structure that captures only those itemsets that needs to define a sufficiently immense dataset into a submatrix representing important weights and does not give any chance to outliers. We have devised a strategy that covers significant facts of data by drilling down the large data into a succinct form of an Adjacency Matrix at different stages of mining process. The graph structure is so designed that it can be easily maintained and the trade off in compressing the large data values is reduced. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our graph based approach.
Multidrug-Resistant Trichosporon asahii Infection of Nongranulocytopenic Patients in Three Intensive Care Units

ABSTRACT Trichosporon asahii (Trichosporon beigelii) infections are rare but have been associated with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from superficial involvement in immunocompetent individuals to severe systemic disease in immunocompromised patients. We report on the recent recovery ofT. asahii isolates with reduced susceptibility in vitro to amphotericin B (AMB), flucytosine, and azoles from six nongranulocytopenic patients who exhibited risk factors and who developed either superficial infections (four individuals) or invasive infections (two individuals) while in intensive care units. The latter two patients responded clinically and microbiologically to AMB treatment. All six isolates were closely related according to random amplified polymorphic DNA studies and showed 71% similarity by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis, suggesting a common nosocomial origin. We also review the literature pertaining toT. asahii infections and discuss the salient characteristics of this fungus and recent taxonomic proposals for the genus.
Effect of an extract of the mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill on expression of adhesion molecules and production of reactive oxygen species in monocytes and granulocytes in human whole blood ex vivo

We have reported that an extract of the edible officinal mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM) stimulates synthesis of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in human monocytes and vein endothelial cells in vitro and reduces the extent of lethal septicemia in mice with bacterial peritonitis. In the present study on human monocytes and granulocytes in whole blood ex vivo, we studied the dynamic changes of cell adhesion molecules (CD11b, CD62L) and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after stimulation with AbM. The presence of AbM resulted in a similarly increased expression of CD11b in monocytes and granulocytes, although at a lower AbM concentration in monocytes (0.5%) than in granulocytes (2%). Furthermore, there was an AbM‐mediated decrease in CD62L expression mirroring the effect on CD11b expression regarding magnitude and dose response. The intracellular production of ROS increased slightly but significantly in granulocytes, but not in monocytes stimulated with AbM. The results suggested that the major effect of AbM on monocytes and granulocytes was the upregulation of CD11b expression, thereby increasing both the phagocytic potential and the ablility to induce diapedesis into inflammatory foci. The rich β‐glucan content of AbM could play a crucial role in this immune response.
Trust in online information

The introduction of the Internet has made it very easy to gain information on any topic imaginable. The downside of this development is that it has become much harder to evaluate the credibility of this information, as it is often unclear who the author is. In this dissertation, the way Internet users evaluate the credibility of online information is studied, with a focus on the relationship between user characteristics and information features. The online encyclopedia Wikipedia is used as a case study. In the newly developed 3S-model of information trust, three evaluation strategies are defined. Primarily, the user may want to consider semantic features of the information (e.g., factual accuracy). However, this requires a level of domain expertise on the topic at hand. Alternatively, the user may look at surface features (i.e., the way the information is presented). While this strategy does not require domain expertise, more generic information skills are needed, since the user needs to know how certain information features are related to credibility. Finally, the user may consider the source of the information; this requires prior experiences with this source. Multiple studies have provided validation for each of the strategies defined in the 3S-model. The model was placed in a broader perspective by also considering trust in a medium (as a collection of similar sources, such as websites), and a general propensity to trust. The models not only provide insight into how credibility is evaluated, they also demonstrate many situations in which people have difficulties with this task. A potential solution for these problems is to provide users with a decision support system. In the second part of this dissertation, the application of such systems was studied. The choice between a user-based or a fully automated system was considered, as well as the choice between a simple (but understandable) or complex (but hard to understand) system. Moreover, the relationship between the strategies of the 3S-model and decision support was investigated
Precision Micro-Synchrophasors for Distribution Systems: A Summary of Applications

This paper describes high-level findings from an innovative network of high-precision phasor measurement units (PMUs), or micro-PMUs (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mu }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>PMUs), designed to provide an unprecedented level of visibility for power distribution systems. We present capabilities of the technology developed in the course of a three-year ARPA-E funded project, along with challenges and lessons learned through field deployments in collaboration with multiple electric utilities. Beyond specific applications and use cases for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mu }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>PMU data studied in the context of this project, this paper discusses a broader range of diagnostic applications that appear promising for future work, especially in the presence of high penetrations of variable distributed energy resources.
Continuations in Natural Language

Computer scientists, logicians and functional programmers have studied continuations in laboratory settings for years. As a result of that work, continuations are now accepted as an indispensable tool for reasoning about control, order of evaluation, classical versus intuitionistic proof, and more. But all of the applications just mentioned concern artificial languages; what about natural languages, the languages spoken by humans in their daily life? Do natural languages get by without any of the marvelous control operators provided by continuations, or can we find continuations in the wild? This paper argues yes: that an adequate and complete analysis of natural language must recognize and rely on continuations. In support of this claim, I identify four independent linguistic phenomena for which a simple CPS-based description provides an insightful analysis.
Heparanase 2 expression inversely correlates with bladder carcinoma grade and stage

While the pro-tumorigenic function of heparanase is well taken, the role of its close homolog, heparanase 2 (Hpa2) in cancer is by far less investigated. Utilizing immunohistochemical analysis we found that Hpa2 is expressed by normal bladder transitional epithelium and its levels are decreased substantially in bladder cancer. Notably, tumors that retain high levels of Hpa2 were diagnosed as low grade (p=0.001) and low stage (p=0.002), suggesting that Hpa2 is required to preserve cell differentiation and halt cell motility. Indeed, migration of 5637 bladder carcinoma cells was attenuated significantly by exogenous addition of purified Hpa2, and over expression of Hpa2 in 5637 cells resulted in smaller tumors that were diagnosed as low grade. We also noted that tumors produced by Hpa2 over expressing cells are abundantly decorated with stromal cells and collagen deposition evident by Masson's/Trichrome staining, correlating with a marked increase in lysyl oxidase (LOX) staining. The association between Hpa2 and LOX was further confirmed clinically, because of the 16 cases that exhibited strong staining of Hpa2, 14 (87.5%) were also stained strongly for LOX (p=0.05). Collectively, our results suggest that Hpa2 functions as a tumor suppressor in bladder cancer, maintaining cellular differentiation and decreasing cell motility in a manner that appears to be independent of regulating heparanase activity.
Following Gaze Across Views

Following the gaze of people inside videos is an important signal for understanding people and their actions. In this paper, we present an approach for following gaze across views by predicting where a particular person is looking throughout a scene. We collect VideoGaze, a new dataset which we use as a benchmark to both train and evaluate models. Given one view with a person in it and a second view of the scene, our model estimates a density for gaze location in the second view. A key aspect of our approach is an end-to-end model that solves the following sub-problems: saliency, gaze pose, and geometric relationships between views. Although our model is supervised only with gaze, we show that the model learns to solve these subproblems automatically without supervision. Experiments suggest that our approach follows gaze better than standard baselines and produces plausible results for everyday situations.