Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Employment motivation and job-related satisfaction: a comparison of police women’s perceptions in Dubai and Taipei

ABSTRACT During the past several decades, research on female officers has proliferated. Nevertheless, virtually no studies examine policewomen’s motivations to join law enforcement and their job satisfaction in different metropolitan cities in the global context. Analysing data gathered from 372 female officers (278 from Dubai and 94 from Taipei), this study explores female officers’ motivations to join police forces in Dubai and Taipei. It also compares female officers’ job-related satisfaction (relationships with colleagues and career aspirations) in Dubai and Taipei. While helping others was the top one reason for Dubai officers to join law enforcement, the majority (more than three quarters) of the female officers in Taipei chose to become police officers because of job security. The findings indicated that female officers in Dubai significantly differed from their colleagues in Taipei in several attitudinal dimensions: they showed a higher level of confidence in their work, and they also displayed a higher level of satisfaction with their supervisor, co-workers and careers. Policy implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROLLERS FOR A NETWORKED DC SERVO SYSTEM

Feedback control systems, wherein the loops used to control the behavior of a plant are closed through a real time communication network, are called networked control systems. Networked Control Systems (NCSs) are one type of distributed control systems where sensors, actuators, and controllers are interconnected by communication networks. The primary advantages of an NCS are reduced system wiring, ease of system analysis and maintenance. In this thesis, the analysis and design of networked control systems with the communication delay and data loss, which are responsible for degradation of the control performance, are considered. Model predictive control strategies are applied to compensate the communication delay and data loss in the NCS. Studied about TrueTime Simulator and the control strategies are applied to a DC servo system using this TrueTime Simulator with communication delay and data packet loss. Also, the stability and the system performance of the close loop networked control system are analyzed.
A fusion methodology based on Dempster-Shafer evidence theory for two biometric applications

Different features carry more or less rich and varied pieces of information to characterize a pattern. The fusion of these different sources of information can provide an opportunity to develop more efficient biometric system compared when using a feature vector. Thus a new automatic fusion methodology using different sources of information (different feature sets) is presented here. Dempster-Shafer evidence theory is employed for this purpose. For performance evaluation significantly large data sets of the biometric sources signature and hand shape are used. The results on combining different feature vectors compared to a single vector with our approach prove the importance of a fusion process
Nano switching crossbar array ESD protection structures

We report a new nano-switching ESD protection mechanism and dual-polarity Cu/SixOyNz/W nano crossbar array ESD structures. Experiments show full ESD protection featuring fast response of 100pS, ultra low leakage of <;2pA and ESD protection of >9A. New dispersed local ESD tunneling model and CMOS integration are reported.
Incipient Speciation Despite Little Assortative Mating: The Yellow-Rumped Warbler Hybrid Zone

Hybrid zones between recently diverged taxa are natural laboratories for speciation research, allowing us to determine whether there is reproductive isolation between divergent forms and the causes of that isolation. We present a study of a classic avian hybrid zone in North America between two subspecies of the yellow-rumped warbler (Dendroica coronata). Although previous work has shown very little differentiation in mitochondrial DNA across this hybrid zone, we identified two nuclear loci (one sexlinked and one autosomal) that show fixed differences across the hybrid zone, in a close concordance with patterns of plumage variation. Temporal stability and limited width of the hybrid zone, along with substantial linkage disequilibrium between these two diagnostic markers in the center of the zone, indicate that there is moderate reproductive isolation between these populations, with an estimated strength of selection maintaining the zone of 18%. Pairing data indicate that assortative mating is either very weak or absent, suggesting that this reproductive isolation is largely due to postmating barriers. Thus, despite extensive hybridization the two forms are distinct evolutionary groups carrying genes for divergent adaptive peaks, and this situation appears relatively stable.
Image denoising algorithm via doubly local Wiener filtering with directional windows in wavelet domain

Local Wiener filtering in the wavelet domain is an effective image denoising method of low complexity. In this letter, we propose a doubly local Wiener filtering algorithm, where the elliptic directional windows are used for different oriented subbands in order to estimate the signal variances of noisy wavelet coefficients, and the two procedures of local Wiener filtering are performed on the noisy image. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves the denoising performance significantly.
Multiple Neural Networks System for Dynamic Environments

We propose a “Multiple Neural Networks” system for dynamic environments, where one or more neural nets may no longer be able to properly operate, due to sensible partial changes in the characteristics of the individuals. We assume that each expert network has a reliability factor that can be dynamically re-evaluated on the ground of the global recognition operated by the overall group. Since the net’s “degree of reliability” is defined as “the probability that the net is giving the desired output”, in case of conflicts between the outputs of the various nets the re-evaluation of their “degrees of reliability” can be simply performed on the basis of the Bayes Rule. The new vector of reliability will be used for making the final choice, by applying the “Inclusion based” algorithm over all the maximally consistent subsets of the global outcome. Finally, the nets recognized as responsible for the conflicts will be automatically forced to learn about the changes in the individuals’ characteristics and avoid to make the same error in the immediate future.
Crime Mapping and Crime Analysis of Property Crimes in Jodhpur

Abstract This study is based on crime mapping and crime analysis of property crimes in Jodhpur. The property crimes which were selected were house breaking, auto thefts and chain snatching. Data from police stations were used to generate the maps to locate hot spots of crimes. The profile of these hot spots was analyzed through observations supplemented with interviews of police officers and public 100 cases of house breaking and 100 cases of auto thefts were further analyzed to understand the contexts which lead to these crimes. These contexts are in consonance with situational crime prevention theories. This study may help to understand the environmental factors which may be responsible for certain places becoming hot spot areas of property crimes in Jodhpur. Sinopsis Este estudio se basa en el mapeo de crímenes y el análisis de delitos contra la propiedad en Jodhpur. Los delitos contra la propiedad que se seleccionaron fueron la rotura de viviendas, los robos de automóviles y el secuestro de cadenas. Los datos de las estaciones de policía se utilizaron para generar los mapas para ubicar puntos calientes de crímenes. El perfil de estos puntos calientes se analizó a través de observaciones complementadas con entrevistas a oficiales de policía y público. Se analizaron más a fondo 100 casos de desalojo domiciliario y 100 casos de robos de automóviles para comprender los contextos que conducen a estos crímenes. Estos contextos están en consonancia con las teorías situacionales de prevención del delito. Este estudio puede ayudar a comprender los factores ambientales que pueden ser responsables de que ciertos lugares se conviertan en zonas de crímenes contra la propiedad en Jodhpur. Résumé Cette étude est basée sur la cartographie de la criminalité et l’analyse criminelle des délits contre les personnes à Jodhpur. Les délits qui ont été retenus étaient les cambriolages de maison, les vols d’automobiles et les vols à la chaîne. Les données des commissariats de police ont été utilisées pour générer les cartes afin de localiser les endroits les plus touchés par ces délits. Le profil de chaque lieu a été analysé au moyen d’observations complétées par des entrevues avec des agents de police et des représentants du public. 100 cas de cambriolage et 100 cas de vols d’automobiles ont été analysés afin de comprendre les contextes qui ont mené à ces crimes. Ces contextes concordent avec les théories de la prévention du crime situationnel. Cette étude peut aider à comprendre les facteurs environnementaux qui peuvent être responsables de la transformation de certains endroits devenant des zones sensibles de délits à Jodhpur. 关键词 這項研究是基於焦特布爾的犯罪分析和財產犯罪的犯罪分析。 被選中的財產犯罪分別是破產，汽車盜竊和連環搶劫。 派出所的數據被用來生成地圖，以確定犯罪熱點。 通過對警務人員和公眾的訪談和訪談，對這些熱點進行了剖析。 對100起破房案和100起汽車盜竊事件進行了進一步分析，以了解導致這些犯罪的背景。 這些背景與情境犯罪預防理論是一致的。 這項研究可能有助於了解可能對某些地方成為焦特布爾財產犯罪熱點地區負責的環境因素。
Combien d’enfants en double résidence ou en garde partagée ? Sources et mesures dans les contextes québécois et canadien

A la base de ce texte se trouve une question tres simple : combien d’enfants partagent leur temps de facon plus ou moins egale entre la residence de leur mere et celle de leur pere a la suite de la separation de ceux-ci ? Apres une description des nombreux enjeux lies a la mesure des arrangements residentiels des enfants, une analyse critique des differentes sources de donnees disponibles aux niveaux quebecois et canadien permet de constater le caractere fragmentaire de nos connaissances actuelles sur le sujet. Au final, la reponse apportee reste equivoque. D’un point de vue relatif, on peut affirmer sans trop de risques de se tromper que le nombre d’enfants en double residence a augmente rapidement au cours des deux dernieres decennies, et davantage au Quebec que dans le reste du Canada. Concernant les niveaux absolus, cependant, beaucoup d’incertitude demeure puisque les chiffres produits par les diverses sources concordent rarement. L’integration de donnees d’enquete et de donnees administratives sera probablement necessaire afin d’apporter une reponse plus solide.
Joint manifold distance: a new approach to appearance based clustering

We wish to match sets of images to sets of images where both sets are undergoing various distortions such as viewpoint and lighting changes. To this end we have developed a joint manifold distance (JMD) which measures the distance between two subspaces, where each subspace is invariant to a desired group of transformations, for example affine warping of the image plane. The JMD may be seen as generalizing invariant distance metrics such as tangent distance in two important ways. First, formally representing priors on the image distribution avoids certain difficulties, which in previous work have required ad-hoc correction. The second contribution is the observation that previous distances have been computed using what amounted to "home-grown" nonlinear optimizers, and that more reliable results can be obtained by using generic optimizers which have been developed in the numerical analysis community, and which automatically set the parameters which home-grown methods must set by art. The JMD is used in this work to cluster faces in video. Sets of faces detected in contiguous frames define the subspaces, and distance between the subspaces is computed using JMD. In this way the principal cast of a movie can be 'discovered' as the principal clusters. We demonstrate the method on a feature-length movie.
Distinct and Non-Redundant Roles of Microglia and Myeloid Subsets in Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease

Mononuclear phagocytes are important modulators of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the specific functions of resident microglia, bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells, and perivascular macrophages have not been resolved. To elucidate the spatiotemporal roles of mononuclear phagocytes during disease, we targeted myeloid cell subsets from different compartments and examined disease pathogenesis in three different mouse models of AD (APPswe/PS1, APPswe, and APP23 mice). We identified chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2)-expressing myeloid cells as the population that was preferentially recruited to β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits. Unexpectedly, AD brains with dysfunctional microglia and devoid of parenchymal bone marrow-derived phagocytes did not show overt changes in plaque pathology and Aβ load. In contrast, restriction of CCR2 deficiency to perivascular myeloid cells drastically impaired β-amyloid clearance and amplified vascular Aβ deposition, while parenchymal plaque deposition remained unaffected. Together, our data advocate selective functions of CCR2-expressing myeloid subsets, which could be targeted specifically to modify disease burden in AD.
Response to Comment on "Nervy Links Protein Kinase A to Plexin-Mediated Semaphorin Repulsion"

Cyclic nucleotides regulate axonal responses to a number of guidance cues through unknown molecular events. We report here that Drosophila nervy, a member of the myeloid translocation gene family of A kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs), regulates repulsive axon guidance by linking the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA) to the Semaphorin 1a (Sema-1a) receptor Plexin A (PlexA). Nervy and PKA antagonize Sema-1a-PlexA-mediated repulsion, and the AKAP binding region of Nervy is critical for this effect. Thus, Nervy couples cAMP-PKA signaling to PlexA to regulate Sema-1a-mediated axonal repulsion, revealing a simple molecular mechanism that allows growing axons to integrate inputs from multiple guidance cues.
On the capacity of finite state multiple access channels with asymmetric partial state feedback

We provide a single letter characterization of the capacity region for independent, identically distributed, finite-state channels, with partial (quantized) state information, when the channel state information is available at the receiver. The partial state information is asymmetric at the encoders. The problem is practically relevant, and provides a tractable optimization problem. We also consider the case where the channel has memory.
Integrity Checking in Deductive Databases

We describe the theory and implementation of a general theorem-proving technique for checking integrity of deductive databases recently proposed by Sadri and Kowalski. The method uses an extension of the SLDNF proof procedure and achieves the effect of the simplification algorithms of Nicolas, Lloyd, Topor et al, and Decker by reasoning forwards from the update and thus focusing on the relevant parts of the database and the relevant constraints.
SPEECH ENHANCEMENT USING ADAPTIVE FILTERS AND INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS APPROACH

In this paper we consider the problem of enhancement and extraction of one speaker speech signal corrupted by environmental acoustic noise/interferences and other speakers using array of microphones containing at least two microphones. The preprocessing unit mimic human auditory system by roughly emulating cochlea by nonuniform bandpass filter bank. We construct filter bank with center frequencies of subbands based on approximation of target speaker fundamental frequency. Then we incorporate blind signal separation method for each subband signals, to extract maximum information that represent target speaker speech. After that desired signal is reconstructed from independent components representing every subband. Experiments with office room recordings are presented to confirm the validity and good performance of the proposed method in real-world environment.
Couplage asservissement visuel et lumière structurée pour la réalisation d’une tâche de positionnement plan à plan

Cet article traite de la realisation d’une tâche de positionnement par asservissement visuel consistant a amener une camera en face d’un objet suppose plan. Notre approche est basee sur l’utilisation de plusieurs faisceaux laser fixes sur la camera de telle facon que leur configuration geometrique permettent l’obtention d’un ensemble d’informations visuelles particulierement interessant du point de vue de la loi de commande. Par consequent, le but ici de la lumiere structuree n’est pas tant de faciliter le traitement de l’image ou encore d’apporter de l’information dans le cas de figure d’un objet faiblement texture mais surtout de conduire a l’elaboration d’une loi de commande particulierement optimisee. En effet, nous montrerons que cette facon de faire permet d’obtenir des proprietes interessantes de decouplage, de stabilite, mais aussi permet l’obtention d’une trajectoire optimale de la camera.
Visceral adipose tissue cutoffs associated with metabolic risk factors for coronary heart disease in women.

OBJECTIVE This study determined whether there is a critical level of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) associated with elevated coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in a cohort of women >45 years of age. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Measurements of body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), body fat distribution (computed tomography), fasting and 2-h postprandial (75-g) glucose concentrations, and fasting lipoprotein lipid and insulin concentrations were performed in 233 perimenopausal (9%) and postmenopausal women (age 59 +/- 6 years, 79% Caucasian, 16% on hormone replacement therapy). RESULTS Women in the lowest VAT quintile (< or =105 cm(2)) had higher concentrations of HDL and HDL(2) cholesterol, lower LDL/HDL cholesterol ratios and triglyceride concentrations, and lower fasting glucose and insulin concentrations than women in the remaining four quintiles (P values <0.05-0.001). Women in the second lowest VAT quintile (106-139 cm(2)) had higher HDL and HDL(2) cholesterol and lower LDL/HDL ratios than women with a VAT > or =163 cm(2) (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analyses showed that women with a VAT of 106-162 cm(2) are 2.5 times more likely to have a low HDL cholesterol (P < 0.05), while women with a VAT > or =163 cm(2) are 5.5 times more likely to have a low HDL cholesterol (P < 0.01) and approximately 4.0 times more likely to have a high LDL/HDL ratio (P < 0.05) compared with women with a VAT < or =105 cm(2). Women with a VAT > or =163 cm(2) are at a higher risk of having impaired glucose tolerance (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS A VAT > or =106 cm(2) is associated with an elevated risk, and a VAT > or =163 cm(2) with an even greater risk, for these metabolic CHD risk factors compared with women with a VAT < or =105 cm(2). These values may prove useful for defining "visceral obesity" and for identifying women most likely to benefit from preventative interventions.
Functional mapping of the human visual cortex at 4 and 1.5 tesla using deoxygenation contrast EPI

The effects of photic stimulation on the visual cortex of human brain were studied by means of gradient‐echo echo‐planar imaging (EPI). Whole‐body 4 and 1.5 T MRI systems, equipped with a small z axis head gradient coil, were used. Variations of image intensity of up to 28% at 4 T, and up to 7% at 1.5 T, were observed in primary visual cortex, corresponding to an increase of blood oxygenation in regions of increased neural activity. The larger effects at 4 T are due to the increased importance of the susceptibility difference between deoxy‐genated and oxygenated blood at high fields.
The rule of declining adaptability in microbial evolution experiments

One of the most recurrent observations after two decades of microbial evolution experiments regards the dynamics of fitness change. In a given environment, low-fitness genotypes are recurrently observed to adapt faster than their more fit counterparts. Since adaptation is the main macroscopic outcome of Darwinian evolution, studying its patterns of change could potentially provide insight into key issues of evolutionary theory, from fixation dynamics to the genetic architecture of organisms. Here, we re-analyze several published datasets from experimental evolution with microbes and show that, despite large differences in the origin of the data, a pattern of inverse dependence of adaptability with fitness clearly emerges. In quantitative terms, it is remarkable to observe little if any degree of idiosyncrasy across systems as diverse as virus, bacteria and yeast. The universality of this phenomenon suggests that its emergence might be understood from general principles, giving rise to the exciting prospect that evolution might be statistically predictable at the macroscopic level. We discuss these possibilities in the light of the various theories of adaptation that have been proposed and delineate future directions of research.
A Framework for Characterizing Feature Weighting and Selection Methods in Text Classification

Optimizing performance of classification models often involves feature selection to eliminate noise from the feature set or reduce computational complexity by controlling the dimensionality of the feature space. A refinement of the feature set is typically performed in two steps: by scoring and ranking the features and then applying a selection criterion. Empirical studies that explore the effectiveness of feature selection methods are typically limited to identifying the number or percentage of features to be retained in order to maximize the classification performance. Since no further characterizations of the feature set are considered beyond its size, we currently have a limited understanding of the relationship between the classifier performance and the properties of the selected set of features. This paper presents a framework for characterizing feature weighting methods and selected features sets and exploring how these characteristics account for the performance of a given classifier. We illustrate the use of two feature set statistics: cumulative information gain of the ranked features and the sparsity of data representation that results from the selected feature set. We apply a novel approach of synthesizing ranked lists of features that satisfy given cumulative information gain and sparsity constraints. We show how the use of synthesized rankings enables us to investigate the degree to which the feature set properties explain the behaviour of a classifier, e.g., Naive Bayes classifier, when used in conjunction with different feature weighting schemes.
Öğretmen Özyeterlik İnancı Ölçeği Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Bu arastirmanin amaci, ogretmenlerin ozyeterlik inanclarini belirlemede kullanilabilecek bir olcek gelistirmektir. Arastirmanin calisma grubunu, ilkokul, ortaokul ve lise ogretmenleri olusturmaktadir. Olcegin yapi gecerligi icin acimlayici (AFA) ve dogrulayici (DFA) faktor analizi yapilmistir. AFA sonucunda, Akademik Ozyeterlik, Mesleki Ozyeterlik, Sosyal Ozyeterlik ve Entelektuel Ozyeterlik olmak uzere 27 maddeli ve dort faktorlu bir yapi ortaya cikmistir. Bu yapi DFA ile dogrulanmistir. DFA ile elde edilen bulgular degerlendirildiginde χ 2 /sd orani 2.12 bulunmustur. DFA ile hesaplanan diger uyum iyiligi indeksleri soyledir: GFI = . 85, AGFI = . 82, RMSEA = . 06, RMR = . 03, SRMR = . 06, CFI = . 97, NFI = . 95, NNFI = . 97. Sonuc olarak, ogretmenlerin ozyeterlik inanclarini belirlemede kullanilabilecek psikometrik ozellikleri yeterli, gecerli ve guvenilir bir olcek gelistirilmistir.