Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategisches Management humaner Wissensressourcen

Wissen ist der wichtigste Rohstoff jedes Unternehmens. Als "Rohstofftrager" gelten heute die Mitarbeiter, deren Wissen moglichst effektiv gefordert, gespeichert und genutzt werden sollte. Welche Aufgaben erfullt dabei der Personalbereich? Wie erkennt man strategisch bedeutsames Wissen im Unternehmen und welchen Unterschied macht ein wissensorientiertes Personalmanagement? Diese Fragen werden ebenso diskutiert wie die Schwierigkeit, das Wissen eines Unternehmens mit dem eines anderen zu vergleichen. Ellen Feldhoff befasst sich in diesem Zusammenhang mit dem Wissensbegriff in der aktuellen Managementliteratur und untersucht zahlreiche theoretische Ansatze zum Wissensmanagement. Im Mittelpunkt ihrer Untersuchung steht die Entwicklung eines neuen Ansatzes zum Management humaner Wissensressourcen.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE OXYNTIC CELL IN THE GASTRIC GLANDS OF THE BULLFROG, RANA CATESBIANA

The oxyntic cell in the gastric glands of the bullfrog was examined in lead hydroxide-stained sections of gastric mucosae fixed in buffered osmium tetroxide and embedded in n-butyl methacrylate. During gastric acid secretion (pH 1–2) induced by histamine administration in cannulated frogs, the pattern of fine structure in the oxyntic cell differs strikingly from that in the oxyntic cell of the non-acid-secreting stomach. The relative number of smooth surfaced profiles decreases and a greater concentration of these elements is associated with the apical region of the oxyntic cell facing the lumen of the gastric gland. Similar concentrations of these elements are found in those regions of cytoplasm surrounding intercellular canaliculi which lie between adjacent cells and communicate with the lumen of a gastric gland. In these regions, the smooth surfaced profiles (35 to 65 mµ in width) characteristically form a tubular network. The membrane-bounded contents appear to be continuous with the extracellular medium, both on the capillary side and at the apical surface of the cell adjoining the lumen of the gastric gland. Mitochondria are distributed randomly in the cytoplasmic matrix of the oxyntic cell.
Ontology-Based Terrorism Event Extraction

The proliferations of terrorism news articles from thousands of different sources are now available on the Web. Summarization of such information is becoming increasingly important. The aim of this paper is to study and compare the linguistic feature methods that are appropriate for use in terrorism event extraction systems. The event extraction has a main function to named entity recognition and segments the terrorism events from news articles to display to the users. The research methodology in the paper compares many linguistic features techniques including the terrorism gazetteer, the terrorism ontology and terrorism grammar rule. The annotated entities are summarized into the three desired template events. The terrorism events are classified by using similarity measure based on Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency called TF-IDF-based event segmentation. Additionally, we use a finite state algorithm to learn these feature weights and also studied to emphasize the performance of the event extraction algorithms. The experimental results show that the terrorism ontology linguistic feature selection yielded the best performance with 85.15% for both precision and recall.
Comparative proteomics of skeletal muscle mitochondria from myostatin-null mice

Myostatin, a secreted protein, is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. Down-regulating its expression increases skeletal muscle mass that is accompanied by a marked change in the fibre composition from one reliant on mitochondrial oxidative metabolism to glycolysis. A comparative proteomic investigation of this altered metabolism was carried out on mitochondria from the gastrocnemius muscle of myostatin-null mice compared with wild-type. Most of the proteins identified showed no significant modulation between the 2 phenotypes, but give interesting insight into previous observations. Several proteins were modulated, of which only one was identified. This protein, having a sequence similar to that of aldehyde reductase, was up-regulated in myostatin-null mitochondria, but its importance was not established, although it might play a role in the detoxification of harmful products of lipid peroxidation.
Analysis of total passager delay at the intersection based on active bus priority strategy

Bus signal priority (BSP) system is a computer network control system. At present, there are some researches on optimize algorithm of the BSP system. They calculated the passager delay of bus using average ridership and flow ratio due to the deficiency of information collection technology. However, with the development of communication technology, real-time information of bus such as the location, the speed and the ridership can be obtained easily. In this paper, based on active BSP strategy, real-time information of bus is applied to calculate the delay of every bus without the effect of bus stops. And then, considering the impact of active bus signal priority on both prioritized buses and general traffic, a formula of reduced total passage delay was put forward. At last, a simulation study was conducted for comparison analyses, and the simulated result showed that the approach of using real-time information of bus to analyze the bus delay is more accurate. It would be significative for the further study of BSP control strategy.
Ieee Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering Decision Trees for Mining Data Streams Based on the Mcdiarmid's Bound

—In mining data streams the most popular tool is the Hoeffding tree algorithm. It uses the Hoeffding's bound to determine the smallest number of examples needed at a node to select a splitting attribute. In literature the same Hoeffding's bound was used for any evaluation function (heuristic measure), e.g. information gain or Gini index. In this paper it is shown that the Hoeffding's inequality is not appropriate to solve the underlying problem. We prove two theorems presenting the McDiarmid's bound for both the information gain, used in ID3 algorithm, and for Gini index, used in CART algorithm. The results of the paper guarantee that a decision tree learning system, applied to data streams and based on the McDiarmid's bound, has the property that its output is nearly identical to that of a conventional learner. The results of the paper have a great impact on the state of the art of mining data streams and various developed so far methods and algorithms should be reconsidered.
Epileptogenesis following Kainic Acid-Induced Status Epilepticus in Cyclin D2 Knock-Out Mice with Diminished Adult Neurogenesis

The goal of this study was to determine whether a substantial decrease in adult neurogenesis influences epileptogenesis evoked by the intra-amygdala injection of kainic acid (KA). Cyclin D2 knockout (cD2 KO) mice, which lack adult neurogenesis almost entirely, were used as a model. First, we examined whether status epilepticus (SE) evoked by an intra-amygdala injection of KA induces cell proliferation in cD2 KO mice. On the day after SE, we injected BrdU into mice for 5 days and evaluated the number of DCX- and DCX/BrdU-immunopositive cells 3 days later. In cD2 KO control animals, only a small number of DCX+ cells was observed. The number of DCX+ and DCX/BrdU+ cells/mm of subgranular layer in cD2 KO mice increased significantly following SE (p<0.05). However, the number of newly born cells was very low and was significantly lower than in KA-treated wild type (wt) mice. To evaluate the impact of diminished neurogenesis on epileptogenesis and early epilepsy, we performed video-EEG monitoring of wt and cD2 KO mice for 16 days following SE. The number of animals with seizures did not differ between wt (11 out of 15) and cD2 KO (9 out of 12) mice. The median latency to the first spontaneous seizure was 4 days (range 2 – 10 days) in wt mice and 8 days (range 2 – 16 days) in cD2 KO mice and did not differ significantly between groups. Similarly, no differences were observed in median seizure frequency (wt: 1.23, range 0.1 – 3.4; cD2 KO: 0.57, range 0.1 – 2.0 seizures/day) or median seizure duration (wt: 51 s, range 23 – 103; cD2 KO: 51 s, range 23 – 103). Our results indicate that SE-induced epileptogenesis is not disrupted in mice with markedly reduced adult neurogenesis. However, we cannot exclude the contribution of reduced neurogenesis to the chronic epileptic state.
Improved ACO inspired by logistics and distribution problem

In order to overcome the convergence deficiency of the basic ACO, an improved ACO based on the direction of the logistics and distribution problem was proposed. The logistics optimization method was used to optimize the path finding in the ACO. The simulation results show that the method of optimization of logistics and distribution path is practical and effective. This study provides a new powerful tool for optimization problems.
Simvastatin Inhibits Catecholamine Secretion and Synthesis Induced by Acetylcholine via Blocking Na+ and Ca2+ Influx in Bovine Adrenal Medullary Cells

Simvastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, is a potent inhibitor of cholesterol biosynthesis and has beneficial effects in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we report the effects of simvastatin on catecholamine secretion and synthesis in cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells used as a model of sympathetic neurons. Simvastatin inhibited catecholamine secretion induced by acetylcholine, an agonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; by veratridine, an activator of voltage-dependent Na+ channels; and by high K+, an activator of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (IC50 = 3.8, 7.8, and 6.1 μM, respectively). Simvastatin also suppressed acetylcholine-induced 22Na+ influx (IC50 = 4.3 μM) and 45Ca2+ influx (IC50 = 6.1 μM), veratridine-induced 22Na+ influx (IC50 = 6.6 μM) and 45Ca2+ influx (IC50 = 12 μM), and high K+-induced 45Ca2+ influx (IC50 = 11 μM). The reduction of catecholamine secretion caused by simvastatin was not overcome by increasing the concentration of acetylcholine or by treatment with mevalonate, the first metabolite of HMG-CoA. The inhibitory effect of simvastatin on histamine-induced secretion of catecholamines was observed in the presence of extracellular Ca2+, but not in a Ca2+-free medium, suggesting that simvastatin does not interfere with histamine receptors nonselectively. Simvastatin also suppressed acetylcholine-induced [14C]catecholamine synthesis from [14C]tyrosine as well as tyrosine hydroxylase activity. These findings suggest that simvastatin inhibits catecholamine secretion and synthesis induced by acetylcholine through suppression of Na+ and Ca2+ influx in the adrenal medulla and probably in the sympathetic neurons.
Data Dependency based Test Case Generation for BPEL Unit Testing

ウェブサービスビジネスプロセス実行言語WS-BPELで書かれたプロセスを対象とした単体テストのた めのテストケースを作成する際,開発者はテスト対象に入力として送信するデータとテスト対象からの 出力を検証する検証式を手作業で用意しなければならない. しかし,ウェブサービスが送受信するXML データは一般に複雑なため,これらのテストデータを作成するのは困難である. また,作成したテスト ケースが十分なのかを判断することも難しい. 本稿では,テストケースの作成を支援するために,入出力 データ間での依存関係を用いたテストケース生成手法を提案する. 提案手法では,開発者はまず XPath 式でテスト対象の入出力データ間での依存関係を記述する. 次に,システムは記述された依存関係情報と WSDL文書から取得できるデータ型の情報を用いて一貫性を持つテストデータを生成する. 最後に,生 成されたテストデータを用いてテストケースを作成する. また,本稿では,プラットフォーム非依存な実 行履歴記録手法についても述べる. BPELプロセスの実行履歴は,テストケースが十分かどうかを開発者 が判断する際に有用である. 提案手法を実装したシステムを実際に運用してもらい,評価実験を行った.
Power-Efficient Approaches to Reliability

Radiation-induced soft errors (transient faults) in computer systems have increased significantly over the last few years and are expected to increase even more as we move towards smaller transistor sizes and lower supply voltages. Fault detection and recovery can be achieved through redundancy. State-of-the-art implementations execute two copies of the same program as two threads, either on the same or on separate processor cores, and periodically check results. While this solution has favorable performance and reliability properties, every redundant instruction flows through a high-frequency complex out-of-order pipeline, thereby incurring a high power consumption penalty. This paper proposes mechanisms that attempt to provide reliability at a modest complexity cost. When executing a redundant thread, the trailing thread benefits from the information produced by the leading thread. We take advantage of this property and comprehensively study different strategies to reduce the power overhead of the trailing core. These strategies include dynamic frequency scaling, in-order execution, and parallelization of the trailing thread.
Test Case Generation for Object-Oriented Systems: A Review

Testing is as good as its test cases. It means testing is highly dependent upon faults detection ability of test cases. Test case generation plays a vital role in testing process and is main area of research in the field of software testing. The good test cases decrease the chances of failure of the system and ensure the quality of the system. This paper presents the survey of the various test case generation techniques / methods for object-oriented systems in more comprehensive way.
Time-Free Authenticated Byzantine Consensus

This paper presents a simple protocol that solves the authenticated Byzantine Consensus problem in asynchronous distributed systems. To circumvent the FLP impossibility result in a deterministic way, synchrony assumptions should be added. In the context of Byzantine failures for systems where at most t processes may exhibit a Byzantine behavior and where not all the system is assumed eventually synchronous, Moumen et al. provide the main result. They assume at least one correct process, called 2t-bisource, connected with 2t privileged neighbors with eventually timely outgoing and incoming links. The present paper shows that a deterministic solution for the authenticated byzantine consensus problem is possible if the system model satisfies an additional assumption that does not rely on physical time but on the pattern of messages that are exchanged. The basic message exchange between processes is the query-response mechanism. To solve the Consensus problem, we assume a correct process p, called 2t-winning process, and a set Q of 2t processes such that, eventually, for each query issued by p, any process q of Q receives a response from p among the (n - t) first responses to that query. The processes in the set Q can exhibit a Byzantine behavior and this set may change over time. Whereas many time-free solutions have been designed for the consensus problem in the crash model, this is, to our knowledge, the first time-free deterministic solution to the Byzantine consensus problem.
An efficient and provably secure certificateless identification scheme

Identity-based identification, first formalized independently by Bellare et al. and Kurosawa and Heng in 2004, still had the inherent key escrow problem, as the TA generating the user secret keys had full access to every user's secret key. In 2003, Al-Riyami and Paterson introduced the notion of certificateless cryptography, and subsequently many certificateless encryption, signature and other schemes were introduced in literature. However, to this date there are still no certificateless identification schemes in existence. Therefore, in this paper, we formalize the notion of certificateless identification schemes and construct the first concrete certificateless identification scheme.
Tagging documents using neural networks based on local word features

Keywords and key-phrases that concisely represent text documents are integral to many knowledge management and text information retrieval systems, as well as digital libraries in general. Not all text documents, however, are annotated with good keywords; and the quality of these keywords is often dependent on a tedious, sometimes manual, extraction and tagging process. To automatically extract high quality keywords without the need for a semantic analysis of the document, it is shown that artificial neural networks (ANN) can be trained to only consider in-document word features such as word frequency, word distribution in document, use of word in special parts of the document, and use of word formatting features (i.e. bold-faced, italicized, large-font size). Results show that purely local features are adequate in determining whether a word in a document is a keyword or not. Classification performance yields a G mean of a least 0.83, and weighted f-measure of 0.96 for both keywords and non-keywords. Precision for keywords alone, however, is not as high. To understand the basis for classifying keywords, C4.5 is used to extract rules from the ANN. The extracted rules from C4.5, in the form of a decision tree, show the relative importance of the different document features that were extracted.
Two-dimensional Object Recognition Based on the Method of Moving Frame

Invariant features play a key role in ob- ject and pattern recognition studies. Features that are invariant to geometrical transformations offer suc- cinct representations of underlying objects so that they can be reliably identified. In this paper, a family of novel invariant features is introduced based on Car- tan's theory of moving frames. These new features is called summation invariants. Compared to existing invariant features, summation invariants are inher- ently numerically stable, and do not require computa- tionally complex numerical integrations or analytical representations of underlying data. A robust methods for extracting summation invariants from sampled 2D contours introduced. Then, these new invariant fea- tures are applied to 2D object recognition and com- pared to other methods, e.g. wavelet and found to be more efficient.
Evidence for a relativistic iron line in GRS 1915+105

We report on the discovery of a relativistic iron K fluorescent emission line in the BeppoSAX spectrum of the microquasar GRS 1915+105, taken on April 19, 1998, when the line was unusually intense. The feature is broad and skewed, clearly indicating emission from the innermost regions of the accretion disc. The inner emitting orbit is larger than the innermost stable orbit, even in Schwarzschild metric: thus, a non-zero BH spin is not required by these data.
Purchasing power parity in African countries: further evidence from Fourier unit root tests based on linear and nonlinear models

This paper examines the validity of purchasing power parity hypothesis for 33 African countries using recently developed Fourier unit root tests by Christopoulos and Leon-Ledesma that account for the existence of multiple breaks in the real exchange rates. The results support the evidence of the PPP in 20 countries, showing that most of the real exchange rates in the selected countries are characterised by linear or nonlinear stationary around multiple temporary mean changes.
Adaptive algorithm for WTFC to TCP flow control proxy

In WTFC to TCP flow control proxy the induced loss algorithm is used to slow down TCP sender located in the TCP domain. When congestion arises in the WTFC domain, packets begin accumulating in the proxy buffer. In our previous work, the original algorithm is optimized for the case of equal delay on both domains. In the more likely case that WTFC and TCP domains have different delays, the algorithm will either not react in time, or will lead to underutilization. In this paper, an adaptive version of the induced loss algorithm is proposed first. Then, in order to achieve low proxy buffer occupancy, receiver window advertizing is implemented based on round-trip time estimation, throughput measurement and proxy buffer occupancy. Simulation results verify the proposed concept.
Nonlinear time-varying identification of human arm joint mechanical properties using a portable pneumatic thruster

The goal of this research is to determine the joint mechanical properties of the freely moving human arm, by utilizing an unconstraining force perturbation device and developing nonlinear time-varying system identification methods. The authors formulate the human arm model by identification using perturbation, and present a pneumatic perturbation system and two identification methods, exponentially weighted least squares (EWLS) and highpass mean removal ensemble data (HRED). The experimental results on human elbow joint in posture and movement as well as the effect of the small perturbation on the joint dynamics are presented.
Telomerase Peptide Vaccination in NSCLC: A Phase II Trial in Stage III Patients Vaccinated after Chemoradiotherapy and an 8-Year Update on a Phase I/II Trial

Purpose: We report two clinical trials in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients evaluating immune response, toxicity, and clinical outcome after vaccination with the telomerase peptide GV1001: a phase II trial (CTN-2006) in patients vaccinated after chemoradiotherapy and an 8-year update on a previously reported phase I/II trial (CTN-2000). Experimental Design: CTN-2006: 23 inoperable stage III patients received radiotherapy (2 Gy × 30) and weekly docetaxel (20 mg/m2), followed by GV1001 vaccination. CTN-2000: 26 patients were vaccinated with two telomerase peptides (GV1001 and I540). The immune responses were evaluated by T-cell proliferation and cytokine assays. Results: CTN-2006 trial: a GV1001-specific immune response developed in 16/20 evaluable patients. Long-term immunomonitoring showed persisting responses in 13 subjects. Serious adverse events were not observed. Immune responders recorded a median PFS of 371 days, compared with 182 days for nonresponders (P = 0.20). CTN-2000 trial update: 13/24 evaluable subjects developed a GV1001 response. The immune responders achieved increased survival compared with nonresponders (median 19 months vs. 3.5 months; P < 0.001). Follow-up of four long-time survivors showed that they all harbored durable GV1001-specific T-cell memory responses and IFNγhigh/IL-10low/IL-4low cytokine profiles. Two patients are free of disease after 108 and 93 months, respectively. Conclusions: Vaccination with GV1001 is well tolerated, immunizes the majority of NSCLC patients and establishes durable T-cell memory. The considerable immune response rate and low toxicity in the phase II trial support the concept of combining chemoradiotherapy with vaccination. The survival advantage observed for immune responders warrants a randomized trial. Clin Cancer Res; 17(21); 6847–57. ©2011 AACR.
Spatial Data Analysis of Regional Development in Greater Beijing, China, in a GIS Environment

This study investigates spatial dependence and mechanisms of regional development in Greater Beijing, China by employing spatial statistical techniques. We have detected positive, strengthening global spatial autocorrelation from 1978 to 2001, and found such strengthening is the result of newly formed/extended clusters in the area. The local analysis recognizes local regimes of two-tier urban-rural spatial structure at the beginning of the reform period. While the urban-rural divide was lessening due to the reform, a north-south divide has emerged because of local natural conditions and development trajectories. Regarding mechanisms of regional development, ordinary least squares analysis is constrained by the existence of significant spatial autocorrelation among spatial units. Analytical results reveal that an error spatial regression model is a more appropriate alternative due to possible mismatch between boundaries of the underlying spatial process and the spatial units where data are organised. In 1995 and 2001, the signs of all the regression coefficients remained the same for both OLS and spatial models. However, their magnitude and significance change. Specifically, foreign direct investment and fixed-asset investment became less influential in the spatial model, while local government spending emerged as more influential. Copyright (c) 2007 the author(s).