Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Typologie et analyse hydrologique des eaux superficielles à partir de quelques bassins versants représentatifs du Maroc

La gestion et l'utilisation adequate des eaux superficielles necessitent une connaissance des ecoulements des bassins versants a amenager pour satisfaire les besoins en eau et pour prevenir les crues devastatrices qui entrainent des degâts humains et materiels occasionnes le long des cours d'eau. Cette gestion exige l'elaboration de methodes adequates afin d'apprehender les risques d'inondation et par la suite contribuer a un developpement socio-economique durable. C'est pourquoi, il s'est avere interessant d'analyser le regime hydrologique des eaux superficielles de certains bassins versants representatifs en zone semi-aride du Maroc. L'analyse et la connaissance des caracteristiques hydrologiques au sein des differents bassins versants situes dans des contextes geologiques et climatiques differentes fait appel a de nombreux outils statistiques et certaines techniques de la modelisation des ecoulements superficiels. La demarche methodologique adoptee, basee sur des approches differentes et complementaires, a permis d'identifier diverses affinites entre les bassins versants etudies, de degager les facteurs intervenant dans la repartition du debit et dans la genese des phenomenes de crues, de caracteriser l'hydrodynamisme des eaux superficielles de chaque bassin versant et de proceder a la modelisation des eaux superficielles pour la simulation et la prevision des debits a l'exutoire du bassin. Le modele de reseaux de neurones artificiels peut etre utilise comme outil de prevision pour evaluer les risques d'inondations dans le cadre de l'amenagement hydraulique. Cette nouvelle technique peut donc etre applicable a d'autres systemes hydrologiques pour une gestion previsionnelle des ressources en eau de surface du climat semi-aride plus particulierement en periode de crue.
Incorporation of Satellite Observations into Texas Ozone Attainment Modeling

Incorporation of Satellite Observations into Texas Ozone Attainment Modeling by Wei Tang Uncertain photolysis rates and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission inventories impair the accuracy of ozone (O3) regulatory modeling. Satellite-observed clouds have been used to correct model-predicted photolysis rates, and satellite-constrained top-down NOx emissions have been used to identify and reduce uncertainties in bottom-up NOx emissions. However, studies on using multiple satellite-derived model inputs to improve O3 State Implementation Plan (SIP) modeling are rare. In this thesis, observations of clouds from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) and of NO2 from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) are used to adjust the inputs to SIP modeling of O3 in Texas. The discrete Kalman filter (DKF) inversion approach is successfully applied with decoupled direct method (DDM) sensitivities in the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions (CAMx) model to adjust Texas NOx emissions in designated emission regions and categories to better match OMI NO2 data. The NO2 vertical column densities (VCD) difference between OMI and CAMx over rural areas is alleviated by adding missing lightning and aviation and underestimated soil NOx emissions to the base regulatory emission inventory and further reduced by increasing modeled NOx lifetime and adding an artificial NO2 layer in the upper troposphere. The region-based DKF inversion using OMI NO2 tends to scale up NOx emissions in most regions, which conflicts with the inversion results using ground NO2 measurements and fails to improve the ground-level O3 simulations. The sector-based DKF inversion using OMI NO2 suggests scaling down area and non-road NOx emissions by 50%, leading to approximately 2-5ppb decrease in ground 8-h O3 concentrations, and improving both hourly ground-level NO2 and O3 simulations by reducing biases by 0.25 and 0.04 and errors by 0.13 and 0.04, respectively. Finally, using both GOES-derived photolysis rates and OMI-constrained NOx emissions reduces modeled bias and error by 0.05, and increases the model correlations in simulating ground O3 measurements and makes O3 more sensitive to NOx emissions in the O3 nonattainment areas.
Manjujai: Social Functions, Local Cultural Values, and Universal Lullabies from West Sumatra, Indonesia

Lullabies for children are a local and universal phenomenon in the world. Despite having local values, the lullaby phenomenon exists in almost all world cultures. The Minangkabau people in West Sumatra have a tradition of singing lullabies for children called manjujai. Manjujai slowly eroded and began to disappear due to the touch of technology and modernization. Manjujai, besides functioning as a children's lullaby, is also a medium for conveying messages, especially cultural and religious values, which are expected to be embedded in children's minds. The purpose of this study is to describe, reveal, and analyze the meaning of the function of Manjujai as a cultural expression of the Minang people, while at the same time connecting universal values that exist in children's lullabies in several other cultures. This paper is a qualitative descriptive research. The data is obtained by tracing the manjujai text. This research shows that manjujai text has three social functions: (1) conveying feelings, thoughts, and attitudes to life; (2) teaching cultural values through advice, messages, and hopes; and (3) presenting the beauty of language, feeling comfortable, calm, and prosperous, as well as generating a sense of comfort for children who listen. What all the lullabies in the world have in common is rooted in love, tenderness and care. Many lullabies have a peaceful, hypnotic quality. Weary bodies, rising black nights, difficulty closing eyes, and sleep are the three elements that form the universal backdrop for melodic and lyrical strands of lullabies around the world.
Age of Lower Jurassic Springdale Sandstone of Southwestern Utah from its Magnetic Polarity Sequence

The Springdale Sandstone records a large number of reversals of the geomagnetic field. Forty-three percent of the 60 m section investigated showed 25 polarity intervals. These frequent reversals follow the nearly constant normal polarity of the underlying Whitmore Point strata. Comparison of the reversal sequence of the Springdale Sandstone with a core from the Paris Basin suggests that the Springdale Sandstone spans an interval extending possibly from as early as late Hettangian to early-mid Sinemurian time. The paleomagnetic pole calculated from Springdale paleomagnetic directions is statistically identical to that of the underlying Whitmore Point Member of the Moenave Formation, and considerably different from that of the overlying Kayenta Formation. This similarity suggests that the Springdale Sandstone should be retained as a member of the Moenave Formation, not considered part of the Kayenta Formation.
Research on customer churn prediction and model interpretability analysis

In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the financial system and the rapid development of the banking industry, the competition of the banking industry itself has intensified. At the same time, with the rapid development of information technology and Internet technology, customers’ choice of financial products is becoming more and more diversified, and customers’ dependence and loyalty to banking institutions is becoming less and less, and the problem of customer churn in commercial banks is becoming more and more prominent. How to predict customer behavior and retain existing customers has become a major challenge for banks to solve. Therefore, this study takes a bank’s business data on Kaggle platform as the research object, uses multiple sampling methods to compare the data for balancing, constructs a bank customer churn prediction model for churn identification by GA-XGBoost, and conducts interpretability analysis on the GA-XGBoost model to provide decision support and suggestions for the banking industry to prevent customer churn. The results show that: (1) The applied SMOTEENN is more effective than SMOTE and ADASYN in dealing with the imbalance of banking data. (2) The F1 and AUC values of the model improved and optimized by XGBoost using genetic algorithm can reach 90% and 99%, respectively, which are optimal compared to other six machine learning models. The GA-XGBoost classifier was identified as the best solution for the customer churn problem. (3) Using Shapley values, we explain how each feature affects the model results, and analyze the features that have a high impact on the model prediction, such as the total number of transactions in the past year, the amount of transactions in the past year, the number of products owned by customers, and the total sales balance. The contribution of this paper is mainly in two aspects: (1) this study can provide useful information from the black box model based on the accurate identification of churned customers, which can provide reference for commercial banks to improve their service quality and retain customers; (2) it can provide reference for customer churn early warning models of other related industries, which can help the banking industry to maintain customer stability, maintain market position and reduce corporate losses.
Small-molecule targeting AMPA-mediated excitotoxicity has therapeutic effects in mouse models for multiple sclerosis

While most research and treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS) focus on autoimmune reactions causing demyelination, it is possible that neurodegeneration precedes the autoimmune response. Hence, glutamate receptor antagonists preventing excitotoxicity showed promise in MS animal models, though blocking glutamate signaling prevents critical neuronal functions. This study reports the discovery of a small molecule that prevents AMPA-mediated excitotoxicity by targeting an allosteric binding site. A machine learning approach was used to screen for small molecules targeting the AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit. The lead candidate has potent effects in restoring neurological function and myelination while reducing the immune response in experimental autoimmune encephalitis and cuprizone MS mouse models without affecting basal neurotransmission or learning and memory. These findings facilitate development of a treatment for MS with a different mechanism of action than current immune modulatory drugs and avoids important off-target effects of glutamate receptor antagonists. This class of MS therapeutics could be useful as an alternative or complementary treatment to existing therapies.
Predicting surface area of coarse-textured soils: Implications for weathering rates

Whitfield, C. J. and Reid, C. 2013. Predicting surface area of coarse-textured soils: Implications for weathering rates. Can. J. Soil Sci. 93: 621-630. The surface area of soil is an important determinant of mineral weathering rates, but is infrequently measured. Simple texture-based pedotransfer functions (PTFs) have been used to predict the specific surface area (SSA) of coarse-textured soils. Detailed physicochemical properties of 40 upland forest mineral soils from northeastern Alberta were used to evaluate three texture-based PTFs and to calculate weathering rates using a process-oriented soil-chemical model. Evaluation of the PTFs demonstrated that these equations predict only across a limited range of (low) surface areas. Moreover, the fit between predicted and measured SSA was generally poor for soils in this region of Alberta. Improved prediction of SSA was possible using a texture-based PTF calibrated for the region, although differences between measured and predicted values were often large. Mineralogy terms were used in a more comprehensive PTF to account for mineral-specific differences in surface area. This approach proved superior to texture-only approaches; however, it could not be used reliably for site-specific predictions (NRMSE=0.41). Soil-chemical model-generated weathering rates were strongly influenced by the SSA method used in parameterization; weathering estimates and corresponding critical load assessments based on measured SSA (and to a lesser extent SSA derived from the regional PTF) were the most robust. Methods for SSA prediction should be used with caution, particularly in cases where they are applied to soils with different character than those for which they were developed.
PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT, WORK ENGAGEMENT AND PAY SATISFACTION: A PATH MODEL ON RETENTION AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

In this study, psychological empowerment, work engagement, and pay satisfaction were used to estimate the best fit model for teacher retention at the Department of Education in Region XII. The study employed quantitative research design using path analysis and correlational approach which are under non-experimental research design. Using the stratified random sampling technique, the 400 secondary teachers from the divisions of South Cotabato, Koronadal, General Santos, and Sarangani were identified. The statistical tools that were used in interpreting the data were weighted mean, Pearson r correlation coefficient, and path analysis. Additionally, survey questions that had been adjusted, changed, and validated were employed. The outcome demonstrates the extremely high degree of psychological empowerment among secondary educators. Teachers also exhibit high levels of work engagement. Nonetheless, secondary teachers have a poor degree of salary satisfaction. As a result, secondary teachers have a high rate of teacher retention. Additionally, the results indicated that pay satisfaction was substantially connected with teacher retention when each independent variable was examined in relation to teacher retention. Additionally, there was a strong correlation between teacher retention and psychological empowerment. The best fit model for predicting teacher retention is model 3. According to the model, among secondary school teachers in Region XII, psychological empowerment and pay satisfaction are predictive factors of teacher retention. Article visualizations:
TOR2A Variants in Blepharospasm

Background: Genetic factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of blepharospasm (BSP), a dystonia characterized by excessive blinking and involuntary eyelid closure. Previous research identified a co-segregating deleterious TOR2A variant (GRCh38/hg38, NC_000009.12: g.127733410G>A, NM_001085347.3:c.568C>T, p. Arg190Cys) in three subjects with BSP and three carriers within a multi-generation pedigree. Other TOR2A variants have been reported in patients with dystonia. Methods: Sanger sequencing was used to screen a cohort of 307 subjects with isolated BSP or BSP-plus dystonia affecting additional anatomical segments (BSP+). We also utilized computational tools to uniformly assess the deleteriousness and potential pathogenicity of previously reported TOR2A variants. Results: There were no highly deleterious TOR2A variants in the coding or contiguous splice site regions of TOR2A within our cohort of 307 subjects. Discussion: Highly deleterious variants in TOR2A are rare in patients with BSP/BSP+ phenotypes. Highlights: Over 300 patients with BSP were screened for variants in TOR2A, a TOR1A (DYT1) homologue. No highly deleterious variants were identified in our cohort. The role of TOR2A in BSP and other forms of dystonia remains indeterminant.
The high-resolution simulation of climate change model under RCP4.5 scenarios in the Huaihe River Basin

Based on estimated data of the high-resolution simulation of climate change model under RCP4.5(Representative Concentration Pathways) scenarios, combining with daily observed date from 1960 to 2005 in the Huaihe River basin, this paper contrasts and analyses the simulation ability of model between trial period(1960-2005) and estimated period(2006-2040). The results show that trial period data of CCLM(COSMO model in climate mode, COSMO-CLM or CCLM) can accurately simulate monthly average temperature and the correlation coefficient is 0.99(pass the 95% confidence test); beside, the correlation coefficient of spatial distribution of average daily temperature is 0.72. However it is relatively low in the south of high altitude area(Huoshan and Jinzhai counties in Anhui province) and the spatial correlation of maximum(minimum) extreme temperature is 0.77(0.88). Furthermore, the overall trend of monthly average precipitation is in line with the observed date and the correlation coefficient is 0.63(pass the 95% confidence test). SPI reveals that it has errors for simulating drought, but the overall trend reaches consensus. Overall, the simulated results of temperature are better than those of the precipitation. Under RCP4.5 scenarios, the amplitude of spatial distribution of future temperature and precipitation are relatively small at spatial scale, and the annual average precipitation has no significant change at time scale. The interannual variation of average temperature is 0.21℃/10a. The threshold values of maximum and minimum temperatures show that the maximum temperature would continue to rise and the minimum temperature would decline.
Silicon–van der Waals heterointegration for CMOS-compatible logic-in-memory design

Silicon CMOS-based computing-in-memory encounters design and power challenges, especially in logic-in-memory scenarios requiring nonvolatility and reconfigurability. Here, we report a universal design for nonvolatile reconfigurable devices featuring a 2D/3D heterointegrated configuration. By leveraging the photo-controlled charge trapping/detrapping process and the partially top-gated energy band landscape, the van der Waals heterostacking achieves polarity storage and logic reconfigurable characteristics, respectively. Precise polarity tunability, logic nonvolatility, robustness against high temperature (at 85°C), and near-ideal subthreshold swing (80 mV dec−1) can be done. A comprehensive investigation of dynamic charge fluctuations provides a holistic understanding of the origins of nonvolatile reconfigurability (a trap level of 1013 cm−2 eV−1). Furthermore, we cascade such nonvolatile reconfigurable units into a monolithic circuit layer to demonstrate logic-in-memory computing possibilities, such as high-gain (65 at Vdd = 0.5 V) logic gates. This work provides an innovative 3D heterointegration prototype for future computing-in-memory hardware.
The effect of high-ﬂ ow nasal oxygen on hospital length of stay in cardiac surgical patients at high risk for respiratory complications: a randomised controlled trial*

Summary There has been increased interest in the prophylactic and therapeutic use of high-ﬂ ow nasal oxygen in patients with, or at risk of, non-hypercapnic respiratory failure. There are no randomised trials examining the ef ﬁ cacy of high-ﬂ ow nasal oxygen in high-risk cardiac surgical patients. We sought to determine whether routine administration of high-ﬂ ow nasal oxygen, compared with standard oxygen therapy, leads to reduced hospital length of stay after cardiac surgery in patients with pre-existing respiratory disease at high risk for postoperative pulmonary complications. Adult patients with pre-existing respiratory disease undergoing elective cardiac surgery were randomly allocated to receive high-ﬂ ow nasal oxygen (n = 51) or standard oxygen therapy (n = 49). The primary outcome was hospital length of stay and all analyses were carried out on an intention-to-treat basis. Median (IQR [range]) hospital length of stay was 7 (6 – 9 [4 – 30]) days in the high-ﬂ ow nasal oxygen group and 9 (7 – 16 [4 – 120]) days in the standard oxygen group (p = 0.012). Geometric mean hospital length of stay was 29% lower in the high-ﬂ ow nasal group (95%CI 11 – 44%, p = 0.004). High-ﬂ ow nasal oxygen was also associated with fewer intensive care unit re-admis-sions (1/49 vs. 7/45; p = 0.026). When compared with standard care, prophylactic postoperative high-ﬂ ow nasal oxygen reduced hospital length of stay and intensive care unit re-admission. This is the ﬁ rst randomised controlled trial examining the effect of prophylactic high-ﬂ ow nasal oxygen use on patient-centred outcomes in cardiac surgical patients at high risk for postoperative respiratory complications.
High-temperature magnetically topological candidate material Mn3Bi2Te6

The Mn–Bi–Te family displaying magnetism and non-trivial topological properties has received extensive attention. Here, we predict that the antiferromagnetic structure of Mn3Bi2Te6 with three MnTe layers is energetically stable and the magnetic energy difference of Mn–Mn is enhanced four times compared with that in the single MnTe layer of MnBi2Te4. The predicted Néel transition point is raised to 102.5 K, surpassing the temperature of liquid nitrogen. The topological properties show that with the variation of the MnTe layer from a single layer to three layers, the system transforms from a non-trivial topological phase to a trivial topological phase. Interestingly, the ferromagnetic state of Mn3Bi2Te6 is a topological semimetal and it exhibits a topological transition from trivial to non-trivial induced by the magnetic transition. Our results enrich the Mn–Bi–Te family system, offer a new platform for studying topological phase transitions, and pave a new way to improve the working temperature of magnetically topological devices.
Solutions of a three-dimensional multi-term fractional anomalous solute transport model for contamination in groundwater

The study presents a meshless computational approach for simulating the three-dimensional multi-term time-fractional mobile-immobile diffusion equation in the Caputo sense. The methodology combines a stable Crank-Nicolson time-integration scheme with the definition of the Caputo derivative to discretize the problem in the temporal direction. The spatial function derivative is approximated using the inverse multiquadric radial basis function. The solution is approximated on a set of scattered or uniform nodes, resulting in a sparse and well-conditioned coefficient matrix. The study highlights the advantages of meshless method, particularly their simplicity of implementation in higher dimensions. To validate the accuracy and efficacy of the proposed method, we performed numerical simulations and compared them with analytical solutions for various test problems. These simulations were carried out on computational domains of both rectangular and non-rectangular shapes. The research highlights the potential of meshless techniques in solving complex diffusion problems and its successful applications in groundwater contamination and other relevant fields.