Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Noninherited Risk Factors and Congenital Cardiovascular Defects: Current Knowledge: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young

Prevention of congenital cardiovascular defects has been hampered by a lack of information about modifiable risk factors for abnormalities in cardiac development. Over the past decade, there have been major breakthroughs in the understanding of inherited causes of congenital heart disease, including the identification of specific genetic abnormalities for some types of malformations. Although relatively less information has been available on noninherited modifiable factors that may have an adverse effect on the fetal heart, there is a growing body of epidemiological literature on this topic. This statement summarizes the currently available literature on potential fetal exposures that might alter risk for cardiovascular defects. Information is summarized for periconceptional multivitamin or folic acid intake, which may reduce the risk of cardiac disease in the fetus, and for additional types of potential exposures that may increase the risk, including maternal illnesses, maternal therapeutic and nontherapeutic drug exposures, environmental exposures, and paternal exposures. Information is highlighted regarding definitive risk factors such as maternal rubella; phenylketonuria; pregestational diabetes; exposure to thalidomide, vitamin A cogeners, or retinoids; and indomethacin tocolysis. Caveats regarding interpretation of possible exposure-outcome relationships from case-control studies are given because this type of study has provided most of the available information. Guidelines for prospective parents that could reduce the likelihood that their child will have a major cardiac malformation are given. Issues related to pregnancy monitoring are discussed. Knowledge gaps and future sources of new information on risk factors are described.
Managing Time in Workflow Systems

Even though currently available workflow management systems (WFMSs) offer sophisticated modeling tools for specifying and analyzing workflow processes, their time management support is rudimentary. Existing time management functionality mainly addresses process simulations (to identify process bottlenecks, analyze execution durations, etc.), assignment of deadlines to acti-vities, and triggering of process-specific exception-handling acti-vities (referred to as escalations) when deadlines are missed du-ring process execution. In this paper, we address the crucial role of time management in the lifecycle of workflow processes. In par-ticular, we describe how structural (i.e. execution order depen-dent) and explicit (i.e. fixed-date, periodic, upper- and lower-bound) time constraints can be modeled during process definition, validated during modeling and instantiation-times and, finally, monitored and managed during execution time.
Lohndispersion und Arbeitslosigkeit : neuere Ansätze in der Suchtheorie

Aufbauend auf der Hypothese, dass Arbeitsmarkte durch unvollstandige Information charakterisiert sind, werden in diesem Arbeitspapier neuere Entwicklungen innerhalb eines Zweiges informationsokonomischer Ansatze vorgestellt: der Suchtheorie. Dabei werden ausfuhrlich insbesondere jene Ansatze vorgestellt, die explizit der vermuteten Heterogenitat der beiden Marktseiten, Firmen und Arbeitnehmer, Rechnung tragen. Standardergebnisse traditioneller okonomischer Theorie sind im Lichte informationsokonomischer Ansatze oft nicht haltbar. Deshalb soll in diesem Arbeitspapier insbesondere der Fragestellung nachgegangen werden, ob das Resultat der klassischen Arbeitsmarkttheorie, dass gewerkschaftliche Lohnbeeinflussung zu hoherer Arbeitslosigkeit fuhrt, im Kontext der Suchtheorie valide ist. Auf dem Weg hin zu einer empirisch gultigen Theorie des Arbeitsmarktes stellt insbesondere ein Ansatz, der beidseitig heterogene Akteure erlaubt, einen wichtigen Beitrag dar. Theoretische Ergebnisse hinsichtlich der Wirkungen gewerkschaftlicher Lohnbeeinflussung sind gemischt. Das Arbeitspapier findet keinen eindeutigen theoretischen Zusammenhang zwischen gewerkschaftlicher Verhandlungsmacht und Arbeitslosigkeit.
Bat Response to Differing Fire Severity in Mixed-Conifer Forest California, USA

Wildlife response to natural disturbances such as fire is of conservation concern to managers, policy makers, and scientists, yet information is scant beyond a few well-studied groups (e.g., birds, small mammals). We examined the effects of wildfire severity on bats, a taxon of high conservation concern, at both the stand (<1 ha) and landscape scale in response to the 2002 McNally fire in the Sierra Nevada region of California, USA. One year after fire, we conducted surveys of echolocation activity at 14 survey locations, stratified in riparian and upland habitat, in mixed-conifer forest habitats spanning three levels of burn severity: unburned, moderate, and high. Bat activity in burned areas was either equivalent or higher than in unburned stands for all six phonic groups measured, with four groups having significantly greater activity in at least one burn severity level. Evidence of differentiation between fire severities was observed with some Myotis species having higher levels of activity in stands of high-severity burn. Larger-bodied bats, typically adapted to more open habitat, showed no response to fire. We found differential use of riparian and upland habitats among the phonic groups, yet no interaction of habitat type by fire severity was found. Extent of high-severity fire damage in the landscape had no effect on activity of bats in unburned sites suggesting no landscape effect of fire on foraging site selection and emphasizing stand-scale conditions driving bat activity. Results from this fire in mixed-conifer forests of California suggest that bats are resilient to landscape-scale fire and that some species are preferentially selecting burned areas for foraging, perhaps facilitated by reduced clutter and increased post-fire availability of prey and roosts.
The degrees of freedom of the 2×2×2 interference network with delayed CSIT and with limited Shannon feedback

The 2×2×2 interference network, which is a layered two-hop, two-user interference channel, consists of two transmitters, two relays, and two receivers with both the first hop network between the transmitters and the relays and the second hop network between the relays and the receivers being i.i. d. Rayleigh fading Gaussian interference channels. Two feedback models are studied. In the first one, called the delayed channel state information at the transmitters (delayed CSIT) model, the transmitters are assumed to know the first and second hop channel coefficients with a finite delay but the relays have no side information whatsoever. In the second feedback model, referred to as the limited Shannon feedback model, one of the two relays knows the first and second hop channel coefficients with a finite delay and the received signal of one of the receivers with a finite delay and the other relay and the transmitters have no side information whatsoever. It is shown in this paper that under both these settings, the 2×2×2 interference network has 4/3 degrees of freedom. The result is obtained by developing a broadcast-channel-type upper-bound and two new achievability schemes termed retro-cooperative interference alignment. Generalizations of the results are provided for networks with multiple but fully-connected layers, multiple relays per layer, and M-antenna source and destination terminals with the total number of antennas at the relays being no less than 2M.
FBK-HLT-NLP at SemEval-2016 Task 2: A Multitask, Deep Learning Approach for Interpretable Semantic Textual Similarity

We present the system developed at FBK for the SemEval 2016 Shared Task 2 ”Inter-pretable Semantic Textual Similarity” as well as the results of the submitted runs. We use a single neural network classiﬁcation model for predicting the alignment at chunk level, the relation type of the alignment and the similarity scores. Our best run was ranked as ﬁrst in one the subtracks (i
PERILAKU OPORTUNISTIK DALAM HUBUNGAN KEMITRAAN (PARTNERSHIP): SEBUAH ANALISIS KONSEPTUAL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL IGMOB

This paper reviews the impact of opportunistic behavior in a partnership or the buyer-seller relationship. This study strives to present an integrated general model of opportunistic behavior (IGMOB) to provide a conceptual understanding of opportunistic behavior from the perspective of relationship marketing theory. Various scientific articles from leading journals were re-examined, in particular articles discuss opportunistic behavior. In particular, the causes and consequences of opportunistic behavior were identified, then analyzed their relationships with performance. Based on previous empirical studies, a conceptual understanding was constructed by inserting various relationships among important concepts related. In the context of the relationships between the partners, various studies found that opportunistic behavior has a negative trait for a relationship. There are fifteen factors causing the emergence of opportunistic behavior were identified in this study: temporary relationships (temporality), cultural similarity, formalization, governance, equity-based cooperation, mutual influence, atmosphere of tolerance, mutual respect, satisfaction, length of relationship, flattery, cynicism, deceitful tendencies, and relativity. The study also identified six factors that could be affected by this opportunistic behavior: trust, commitment, cooperation, intention to extent the relationship, knowledge sharing, and guanxi. This study seeks to understand conceptually about the causes and effects of opportunistic behavior in building long-term partnerships between the partners based on a review of current literature. The conceptual model is successfully constructed in this study should be reviewed through various empirical studies.
Behavior analysis guidelines and brain injury rehabilitation : people, principles, and programs

What do you do to start reading behavior analysis guidelines and brain injury rehabilitation people principles and programs? Searching the book that you love to read first or find an interesting book that will make you want to read? Everybody has difference with their reason of reading a book. Actuary, reading habit must be from earlier. Many people may be love to read, but not a book. It's not fault. Someone will be bored to open the thick book with small words to read. In more, this is the real condition. So do happen probably with this behavior analysis guidelines and brain injury rehabilitation people principles and programs.
Soil and brownfield bioremediation

Soil contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons, persistent organic pollutants, halogenated organic chemicals and toxic metal(loid)s is a serious global problem affecting the human and ecological health. Over the past half‐century, the technological and industrial advancements have led to the creation of a large number of brownfields, most of these located in the centre of dense cities all over the world. Restoring these sites and regeneration of urban areas in a sustainable way for beneficial uses is a key priority for all industrialized nations. Bioremediation is considered a safe economical, efficient and sustainable technology for restoring the contaminated sites. This brief review presents an overview of bioremediation technologies in the context of sustainability, their applications and limitations in the reclamation of contaminated sites with an emphasis on brownfields. Also, the use of integrated approaches using the combination of chemical oxidation and bioremediation for persistent organic pollutants is discussed.
Global Multilocus Sequence Type Analysis of Chlamydia trachomatis Strains from 16 Countries

ABSTRACT The Uppsala University Chlamydia trachomatis multilocus sequence type (MLST) database (http://mlstdb.bmc.uu.se) is based on five target regions (non-housekeeping genes) and the ompA gene. Each target has various numbers of alleles—hctB, 89; CT058, 51; CT144, 30; CT172, 38; and pbpB, 35—derived from 13 studies. Our aims were to perform an overall analysis of all C. trachomatis MLST sequence types (STs) in the database, examine STs with global spread, and evaluate the phylogenetic capability by using the five targets. A total of 415 STs were recognized from 2,089 specimens. The addition of 49 ompA gene variants created 459 profiles. ST variation and their geographical distribution were characterized using eBURST and minimum spanning tree analyses. There were 609 samples from men having sex with men (MSM), with 4 predominating STs detected in this group, comprising 63% of MSM cases. Four other STs predominated among 1,383 heterosexual cases comprising, 31% of this group. The diversity index in ocular trachoma cases was significantly lower than in sexually transmitted chlamydia infections. Predominating STs were identified in 12 available C. trachomatis whole genomes which were compared to 22 C. trachomatis full genomes without predominating STs. No specific gene in the 12 genomes with predominating STs could be linked to successful spread of certain STs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that MLST targets provide a tree similar to trees based on whole-genome analysis. The presented MLST scheme identified C. trachomatis strains with global spread. It provides a tool for epidemiological investigations and is useful for phylogenetic analyses.
Coronary Artery Wall Shear Stress Is Associated With Progression and Transformation of Atherosclerotic Plaque and Arterial Remodeling in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Background Experimental studies suggest that low wall shear stress (WSS) promotes plaque development and high WSS is associated with plaque destabilization. We hypothesized that low-WSS segments in patients with coronary artery disease develop plaque progression and high-WSS segments develop necrotic core progression with fibrous tissue regression. Methods and Results Twenty patients with coronary artery disease underwent baseline and 6-month radiofrequency intravascular ultrasound (virtual histology intravascular ultrasound) and computational fluid dynamics modeling for WSS calculation. For each virtual histology intravascular ultrasound segment (n=2249), changes in plaque area, virtual histology intravascular ultrasound–derived plaque composition, and remodeling were compared in low-, intermediate-, and high-WSS categories. Compared with intermediate-WSS segments, low-WSS segments developed progression of plaque area (P=0.027) and necrotic core (P<0.001), whereas high-WSS segments had progression of necrotic core (P<0.001) and dense calcium (P<0.001) and regression of fibrous (P<0.001) and fibrofatty (P<0.001) tissue. Compared with intermediate-WSS segments, low-WSS segments demonstrated greater reduction in vessel (P<0.001) and lumen area (P<0.001), and high-WSS segments demonstrated an increase in vessel (P<0.001) and lumen (P<0.001) area. These changes resulted in a trend toward more constrictive remodeling in low- compared with high-WSS segments (73% versus 30%; P=0.06) and more excessive expansive remodeling in high- compared with low-WSS segments (42% versus 15%; P=0.16). Conclusions Compared with intermediate-WSS coronary segments, low-WSS segments develop greater plaque and necrotic core progression and constrictive remodeling, and high-WSS segments develop greater necrotic core and calcium progression, regression of fibrous and fibrofatty tissue, and excessive expansive remodeling, suggestive of transformation to a more vulnerable phenotype. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT00576576.
Complementary and layered expression of Ephs and ephrins in developing mouse inner ear

The distributions of the Eph‐class receptors EphA4 and EphB1, and their ligands ephrin‐A2, ephrin‐B1, and ephrin‐B2, were analysed by immunostaining in the mouse inner ear. Complementary patterns of EphA4 and its potential ligand ephrin‐A2 were found, with ephrin‐A2 in many of the structures lining the cochlear duct and within the cochlear nerve cells, and EphA4 in the deeper structures underlying the cochlear duct and in the cells lining the nerve pathway. EphB1 and its potential ligands ephrin‐B1 and ephrin‐B2 showed a segregated layered expression in the lateral wall of the cochlear duct (the external sulcus), which together with EphA4 expressed in the area, form a four‐layered structure with an alternating pattern of receptors and ligands in the different layers. This arrangement gives the potential for different bidirectional Eph‐mediated interactions between each of the layers. The results suggest that the Eph system in the cochlea may have a role in maintaining cell segregation during phases of cochlear development. J. Comp. Neurol. 449:207–216, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of tumour‐associated macrophages in tumour progression: implications for new anticancer therapies

The role of macrophages in tumour growth and development is complex and multifaceted. Whilst there is limited evidence that tumour‐associated macrophages (TAMs) can be directly tumouricidal and stimulate the anti‐tumour activity of T cells, there is now contrasting evidence that tumour cells are able to block or evade the activity of TAMs at the tumour site. In some cases, tumour‐derived molecules even redirect TAM activities to promote tumour survival and growth. Indeed, evidence has emerged for a symbiotic relationship between tumour cells and TAMs, in which tumour cells attract TAMs and sustain their survival, with TAMs then responding to micro‐environmental factors in tumours such as hypoxia (low oxygen tension) by producing important mitogens as well as various growth factors and enzymes that stimulate tumour angiogenesis. This review presents evidence for the number and/or distribution of TAMs being linked to prognosis in different types of human malignancy. It also outlines the range of pro‐ and anti‐tumour functions performed by TAMs, and the novel therapies recently devised using TAMs to stimulate host immune responses or deliver therapeutic gene constructs to solid tumours. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parareal operator splitting techniques for multi-scale reaction waves: Numerical analysis and strategies

In this paper, we investigate the coupling between operator splitting techniques and a time parallelization scheme, the parareal algorithm, as a numerical strategy for the simulation of reaction- diffusion equations modelling multi-scale reaction waves. This type of problems induces peculiar dif- ficulties and potentially large stiffness which stem from the broad spectrum of temporal scales in the nonlinear chemical source term as well as from the presence of large spatial gradients in the reactive fronts, spatially very localized. In a series of previous studies, the numerical analysis of the operator splitting as well as the parareal algorithm has been conducted and such approaches have shown a great potential in the framework of reaction-diffusion and convection-diffusion-reaction systems. However, complementary studies are needed for a more complete characterization of such techniques for these stiff configurations. Therefore, we conduct in this work a precise numerical analysis that considers the combination of time operator splitting and the parareal algorithm in the context of stiff reaction fronts. The impact of the stiffness featured by these fronts on the convergence of the method is thus quantified, and allows to conclude on an optimal strategy for the resolution of such problems. We finally perform some numerical simulations in the field of nonlinear chemical dynamics that validate the theoretical estimates and examine the performance of such strategies in the context of academical one-dimensional test cases as well as multi-dimensional configurations simulated on parallel architecture.
The Drosophila cohesin subunit Rad21 is a trithorax group (trxG) protein

The cohesin complex is a key player in regulating cell division. Cohesin proteins SMC1, SMC3, Rad21, and stromalin (SA), along with associated proteins Nipped-B, Pds5, and EcoI, maintain sister chromatid cohesion before segregation to daughter cells during anaphase. Recent chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) data reveal extensive overlap of Nipped-B and cohesin components with RNA polymerase II binding at active genes in Drosophila. These and other data strongly suggest a role for cohesion in transcription; however, there is no clear evidence for any specific mechanisms by which cohesin and associated proteins regulate transcription. We report here a link between cohesin components and trithorax group (trxG) function, thus implicating these proteins in transcription activation and/or elongation. We show that the Drosophila Rad21 protein is encoded by verthandi (vtd), a member of the trxG gene family that is also involved in regulating the hedgehog (hh) gene. In addition, mutations in the associated protein Nipped-B show similar trxG activity i.e., like vtd, they act as dominant suppressors of Pc and hhMrt without impairing cell division. Our results provide a framework to further investigate how cohesin and associated components might regulate transcription.
Marine vibrio infections acquired in Canada.

The genus Vibrio has long been recognized as medically important because of the well known pathogen V. cholerae. Recently other members of the genus have come to be recognized as pathogens for humans. These are listed in Table I and include non-O group 1 V. cholerae, or so-called noncholera vibrios,' and the marine or halophilic vibrios. The group formerly known as V. fetus is now recognized as distinctly different and is placed in the genus Campylobacter. In this paper we report the isolation of a marine vibrio species from two cases of wound infection acquired in Canada. Although there recently was a report in this journal of an "imported" marine vibrio wound infection,3 to our knowledge there have been no previous reports of marine vibrio infection acquired in Canada.
Targeted delivery of AAV‐transduced mesenchymal stromal cells to hepatic tissue for ex vivo gene therapy

Adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐mediated gene therapy holds great promise if challenges related to vector neutralization by pre‐existing antibodies are circumvented. The use of autologous or allogeneic cells to shield the vector might offer the possibility of successful gene transfer in such a situation. In the present study, we evaluated the feasibility of AAV‐transduced mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as a vehicle for hepatic gene transfer in a murine liver injury model. In our initial studies to determine the most suitable vector, we observed that AAV1 (91%) and AAV6 (72%) serotypes are highly efficient in transducing MSCs. Subsequently, we generated a transient liver injury model to analyse the efficacy of MSCs homing to the liver, as well as their hepatic gene transfer efficiency; our data show that administration of acetaminophen (500 mg/kg) served as a cue for the homing of MSCs to the liver. Furthermore, sex‐mismatched transplantation of AAV1‐infected MSCs demonstrated a 3.5‐fold (day 7) and 2.2‐fold (day 28) higher hepatic gene transfer efficiency. To further corroborate this, we estimated the donor cell Y chromosome copies in the liver of recipient female mice. Our data revealed a 12.7‐fold increase in average genome copies of male MSCs in the livers of recipient mice with injury compared to control, 60 days after transplantation. However, in vivo administration of AAV‐transduced MSCs in the presence of neutralization antibodies (intravenous immunoglobulin, IVIG) was not beneficial. This is possibly due to the clearance of transplanted MSCs by circulating IVIG and underscores the need to develop suitable in vivo models to study such a mode of gene transfer. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.