Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Japanese Preschool's Pedagogy of Feeling: Cultural Strategies for Supporting Young Children's Emotional Development

Abstract Among the lessons to be learned in Japanese preschool is how to experience, present, and respond to feelings. We suggest that the feeling most emphasized in Japanese preschools is sabishiisa (loneliness). Japanese preschool educators draw attention to feelings of sabishiisa, or loneliness, to promote a desire in young children for social connection. This social connection is built on a foundation of amae (expressions of dependency needs) and omoiyari (responding empathically to expressions of amae). Using examples from everyday life in a Japanese preschool, we argue that the Japanese preschool's pedagogy of feeling emphasizes learning to respond empathetically to loneliness and other expressions of need. Our analysis suggests that sabishiisa, amae, and omoiyari (loneliness, dependence, and empathy) form a triad of emotional exchange, which, although not unique to Japan or to the Japanese preschool, have a particular cultural patterning and salience in Japan and in the Japanese approach to the socialization of emotions in early childhood. [emotion, feeling, Japan, preschool, amae]
Performance evaluation of the radio database compression for accurate energy efficient localization

Location based service is a positioning method that exploits the already existing infrastructures such as cellular networks or W-LANs. Increasing Demand for Energy efficient networks, a clustering technique for compressing the radio database in Login Systems is proposed here. The aim of the proposed technique is to reduce the computation cost and transmission load in the mobile-based implementations. The presented method uses a Pattern Clustering (PC) technique, which is applied in a concatenated location-radio signal space, and attributes different power factors to the location and radio components. The Experimental Architecture will be produced to evaluate the results and the efficiency. Also, it improves the performance.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Photobiology of bacteria

The field of photobiology is concerned with the interactions between light and living matter. For Bacteria this interaction serves three recognisable physiological functions: provision of energy, protection against excess radiation and signalling (for motility and gene expression). The chemical structure of the primary light-absorbing components in biology (the chromophores of photoactive proteins) is surprisingly simple: tetrapyrroles, polyenes and derivatised aromats are the most abundant ones. The same is true for the photochemistry that is catalysed by these chromophores: this is limited to light-induced excitonor electron-transfer and photoisomerization. The apoproteins surrounding the chromophores provide them with the required specificity to function in various aspects of photosynthesis, photorepair, photoprotection and photosignalling. Particularly in photosynthesis several of these processes have been resolved in great detail, for others at best only a physiological description can be given. In this contribution we discuss selected examples from various parts of the field of photobiology of Bacteria. Most examples have been taken from the purple bacteria and the cyanobacteria, with special emphasis on recently characterised signalling photoreceptors in Ectothiorhodospira halophila and in Fremyella diplosiphon.
The Declining Influence of Cognitive Theorising: Are the causes intellectual or socio-political?

A rough division is drawn between the cognitive and biomedical strand of theorising concerning cognitive processes. It is asserted that the cognitive strand is losing influence by comparison with the biomedical strand. Three types of intellectual reasons why this might be occurring are considered and each is rejected as inadequate. Three types of socio-political reasons are then proposed as important factors.
Student Evaluation of Instruction and Study Conditions. Theory-Oriented Development of Questionnaires

The numerous projects for the evaluation of university teaching by students (see Gralki, Grühn, and Hecht 1993a; Mohler 1994; Reissert 1992; Westermann and Daniel 1995) have encountered not only acceptance and engaged support but also reservations and rejection in the university. The existing skepticism on the informativeness and usefulness of student evaluations of university teaching draws first on legal and educational policy arguments (Hufen 1995; Mussgnug 1992; Schick 1992) and second on scientific arguments within the field and the results of empirical studies (Kromrey 1994, 1995; Scholz 1995; Schweer and Rosemann 1995; Süllwold 1992). There are quite fundamental doubts whether students have the capacity to evaluate a class (class, seminar, etc.) and various factors are adduced that may influence the evaluation of a class in addition to the ability to do so per se—for example, the difficulty or unpopularity of the material, the specific situation with regard to premises or staff in the subject, prior knowledge, and motivation, which vary from individual to individual, group size, or the teacher's popularity. On the other hand Marsh (1984), L'Hommedieu, Menges, and Brinko (1990), Daniel (1994), Rindermann (1996), and Rindermann and Amelang (1994a and b) are sure, in the light of empirical results, that posing questions can actually give a clear idea of teaching quality, since they are intimately related to other indicators of teaching quality, and are much less distorted by interfering variables than is often feared.
Impact of Diabetic Status on Outcomes After Revascularization With Drug-Eluting Stents in Relation to Coronary Artery Disease Complexity: Patient-Level Pooled Analysis of 6081 Patients

Background—Diabetes mellitus and angiographic coronary artery disease complexity are intertwined and unfavorably affect prognosis after percutaneous coronary interventions, but their relative impact on long-term outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents remains controversial. This study determined drug-eluting stents outcomes in relation to diabetic status and coronary artery disease complexity as assessed by the Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score. Methods and Results—In a patient-level pooled analysis from 4 all-comers trials, 6081 patients were stratified according to diabetic status and according to the median SYNTAX score ⩽11 or >11. The primary end point was major adverse cardiac events, a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and clinically indicated target lesion revascularization within 2 years. Diabetes mellitus was present in 1310 patients (22%), and new-generation drug-eluting stents were used in 4554 patients (75%). Major adverse cardiac events occurred in 173 diabetics (14.5%) and 436 nondiabetic patients (9.9%; P<0.001). In adjusted Cox regression analyses, SYNTAX score and diabetes mellitus were both associated with the primary end point (P<0.001 and P=0.028, respectively; P for interaction, 0.07). In multivariable analyses, diabetic versus nondiabetic patients had higher risks of major adverse cardiac events (hazard ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.53; P=0.026) and target lesion revascularization (hazard ratio, 1.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.18–2.01; P=0.002) but similar risks of cardiac death (hazard ratio, 1.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.96–2.07; P=0.08) and myocardial infarction (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.64–1.22; P=0.45), without significant interaction with SYNTAX score ⩽11 or >11 for any of the end points. Conclusions—In this population treated with predominantly new-generation drug-eluting stents, diabetic patients were at increased risk for repeat target-lesion revascularization consistently across the spectrum of disease complexity. The SYNTAX score was an independent predictor of 2-year outcomes but did not modify the respective effect of diabetes mellitus. Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifiers: NCT00297661, NCT00389220, NCT00617084, and NCT01443104.
Playing Your Cards Right: The Effect of Entity Cards on Search Behaviour and Workload

In addition to merging results of different types (e.g.~images, videos, news items) into a ranked list of Web documents, modern search engines have also started displaying entity cards (ECs) on the results page. Entity cards are intended to enhance search experience in several ways: (i) they help searchers navigate diversified results, (ii) provide a summary of relevant content directly on the results page and (iii) support exploratory search by highlighting relevant entities associated with a given user query. We conducted a large-scale crowd-sourced user study, with more than $700$ unique searchers, to investigate the effects of entity cards on search behaviour and perceived workload. We find that the presence of ECs has a strong effect on both the way users interact with search results and their perceived task workload. Furthermore, by manipulating EC properties content, coherence and vertical diversity), we uncover different effects and interactions between card properties on measures of search behaviour and workload. Our study contributes an in-depth analysis of the effects of entity cards on user interaction with modern Web search interfaces.
Optimal Energy Aware Clustering in Sensor Networks

Sensor networks is among the fastest growing technologies that have the potential of changing our lives drastically. These collaborative, dynamic and distributed computing and communicating systems will be self organizing. They will have capabilities of distributing a task among themselves for efficient computation. There are many challenges in implementation of such systems: energy dissipation and clustering being one of them. In order to maintain a certain degree of service quality and a reasonable system lifetime, energy needs to be optimized at every stage of system operation. Sensor node clustering is another very important optimization problem. Nodes that are clustered together will easily be able to communicate with each other. Considering energy as an optimization parameter while clustering is imperative. In this paper we study the theoretical aspects of the clustering problem in sensor networks with application to energy optimization. We illustrate an optimal algorithm for clustering the sensor nodes such that each cluster (which has a master) is balanced and the total distance between sensor nodes and master nodes is minimized. Balancing the clusters is needed for evenly distributing the load on all master nodes. Minimizing the total distance helps in reducing the communication overhead and hence the energy dissipation. This problem (which we call balanced k-clustering) is modeled as a mincost flow problem which can be solved optimally using existing techniques.
Wild type and tailless CD8 display similar interaction with microfilaments during capping.

We examined the influence of the intracytoplasmic region of CD8 alpha on capping and interaction with microfilaments. We used cell clones obtained by transfecting a CD4+ T-cell hybridoma with (a) T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha and beta chains from a cytolytic clone and (b) CD8 alpha genes that were either native or modified by extensive deletion of the intracytoplasmic region or replacement of the transmembrane and intracytoplasmic domains with those of a class I major histocompatibility complex gene (Letourneur et al. (1990). Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87, 2339-2343). Different cell surface structures were cross-linked with anti-T-cell receptor, anti-CD8 or anti-class I monoclonal antibodies and anti-immunoglobulin (Fab')2. Double labeling and quantitative image analysis were combined to monitor fluorescence anisotropy and correlation between different markers. Microfilaments displayed maximal polarization within two minutes. The correlation between these structures and surface markers was then maximal and started decreasing, whereas the redistribution of surface markers remained stable or continued. Furthermore, wild type and altered CD8 alpha exhibited similar ability to be capped and to induce co-capping of TCR and MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class I: the fraction of cell surface label redistributed into a localized cap ranged between 40% and 80%. Finally, cytochalasin D dramatically decreased CD8 capping in all tested clones. It is concluded that the transmembrane and/or intracellular domains of CD8 molecules are able to drive the extensive redistributions of membrane structures and cytoskeletal elements that are triggered by CD8 cross-linking.
Does a Parent-Subsidiary Structure Enhance Financing Flexibility?

I examine whether firms exploit a publicly traded parent-subsidiary structure to issue equity of the overvalued firm regardless of which firm needs funds, and whether this conveys opposite information about firm values. Using 90 subsidiary and 37 parent seasoned equity offering (SEO) announcements during 1981-2002, I document negative returns to issuers but insignificant returns to nonissuers in both samples, and insignificant changes in combined firm value and parent's nonsubsidiary equity value in subsidiary SEOs. Firms issue equity to meet their own financing needs. My evidence contrasts with previous studies and suggests that parent-subsidiary structures do not enhance financing flexibility. Copyright 2006 by The American Finance Association.
Shared Stabilization Functions of Pyrimidine-Rich Determinants in the Erythroid 15-lipoxygenase and α-globin mRNAs

ABSTRACT The poly(C)-binding proteins, αCPs, comprise a set of highly conserved KH-domain factors that participate in mRNA stabilization and translational controls in developmental and viral systems. Two prominent models of αCP function link these controls to late stages of erythroid differentiation: translational silencing of 15-lipoxygenase (Lox) mRNA and stabilization of α-globin mRNA. These two controls are mediated via association of αCPs with structurally related C-rich 3′-untranslated region elements: the differentiation control elements (DICE) in Lox mRNA and the pyrimidine-rich motifs in α-globin mRNA. In the present report a set of mRNA translation and stability assays are used to determine how these two αCP-containing complexes, related in structure and position, mediate distinct posttranscriptional controls. While the previously reported translational silencing by the DICE is not evident in our studies, we find that the two determinants mediate similar levels of mRNA stabilization in erythroid cells. In both cases this stabilization is sensitive to interference by a nuclear-restricted αCP decoy but not by the same decoy restricted to the cytoplasm. These data support a general role for αCPs in stabilizing a subset of erythroid mRNAs. The findings also suggest that initial binding of αCP to target mRNAs occurs in the nucleus. Assembly of stabilizing mRNP complexes in the nucleus prior to export may maximize their impact on cytoplasmic events.
Further Validity and Reliability Evidence for Beck Hopelessness Scale Scores in a Nonclinical Sample

The psychometric properties of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) were examined among 544 university students. Internal consistency of scores was satisfactory (Cronbach’s alpha = .88). A principal-axis factor analysis with oblique rotation suggested four factors that were largely uninterpretable. Removal of items and further analysis suggested a two-factor structure of questionable interpretability. Convergent validity was demonstrated by high correlations with the Hope Scale and the Life Orientation Test (LOT). A correlation of . 57 between the BHS and perceived stress reduced to . 24 when trait negative affect was controlled for, indicating a degree of discriminant utility. It is concluded that for normal populations, measures such as the LOT and Hope Scale are more appropriate.
Uniting Local and Global Output Feedback Controllers

We consider control systems for which we know two stabilizing output feedback controllers. One is globally asymptotically stabilizing, while the other one is only locally asymptotically stabilizing. We look for a composite output feedback control law that is equal to the local feedback on a neighborhood of the origin and that is globally asymptotically stabilizing. Since we want some robustness with respect to measurement noise, actuator errors, and external disturbances, we need to consider hybrid output feedback controllers. Under an input-output-to-state stability assumption, we exhibit a solution of this uniting problem by means of a dynamic hybrid output feedback controller. Then, we particularize our study to linear control systems with saturation at the input for which we know two stabilizing output feedback controllers. One is a nonlinear globally asymptotically stabilizing controller, while the other one is a high-performance linear-only locally asymptotically stabilizing controller. We specify numerically tractable conditions to solve this uniting problem. Finally, we illustrate our main results by means of numerical examples.
Multiperiodic Galactic field RR Lyrae stars in the ASAS catalogue

The All Sky Automated Survey (ASAS) monitors bright stars (8 < V < 14 mag) south of declination +28 ◦ . The ASAS Catalogue of Variable Stars (ACVS) presently contains 50 099 objects; among them are 2212 objects classified as RR Lyrae pulsating variables. We use ASAS photometric V-band data to search for multiperiodicity in those stars. We find that 73 of 1435 RRab stars and 49 of 756 RRc stars exhibit the Blazhko effect. We observe a deficiency of RRab Blazhko variables with main pulsation periods greater than 0.65 d. The Blazhko periods of RRc stars exhibit a strongly bimodal distribution. During our study we discovered the Blazhko effect with multiple periods in object ASAS 050747−3351.9 = SU Col. Blazhko periods of 89.3 and 65.8 d and a candidate of 29.5 d were identified with periodogram peaks near the first three harmonics of the main pulsation. These observations may inspire new models of the Blazhko effect, which has eluded a consistent theory since its discovery about one hundred years ago. Long-term light curve changes were found in 29 stars. We also found 19 Galactic double mode pulsators (RRd), of which four are new discoveries, raising the number of ASAS discoveries of such objects to 16, out of 27 known in the field of our Galaxy.
Job-Level Alpha-Beta Search

An approach called generic job-level (JL) search was proposed to solve computer game applications by dispatching jobs to remote workers for parallel processing. This paper applies JL search to alpha-beta search, and proposes a JL alpha-beta search (JL-ABS) algorithm based on a best-first search version of MTD(f). The JL-ABS algorithm is demonstrated by using it in an opening book analysis for Chinese chess. The experimental results demonstrated that JL-ABS reached a speed-up of 10.69 when using 16 workers in the JL system.
Comparative Levels of Expressed Academic Motivation Among Anglo and African American University Student-Athletes

For some years, news reports have revealed low graduation rates for college athletes who participate in revenue-generating sports such as football, basketball, and baseball ("N.C. State Players," 1993). The embarrassment that such reports cause the involved universities has stimulated administrators and concerned faculty members to search for the reasons behind such performances. Particularly disturbing is an analysis of athletes' academic performances and results when they are categorized by ethnicity. A survey of research literature on this subject suggests that one aspect of athletes' academic performance that has received little attention has been that of these students' motivation to succeed in their sports in contrast to their motivation to succeed in their academic studies. Critics have argued that because National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I sports serve as training and recruiting agencies for professional sports, those sports become increasingly "professionalized," encouraging participants to direct their primary attention to performing well at their sports in deference to doing well academically. The standard index for measuring academic performance uses graduation rates. This study starts with previous student-athlete graduation data research as background in reporting African American academic performance. In addition, it probes two possible causal
Subthalamic electrode implantation using the MicroDrive system and the importance of microrecording data.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the paper was to describe the relationship of the anatomical and electrophysiological target for the subthalamic electrode implantation in Parkinson's disease patients defined as the best electrophysiological recordings from multiple paralel electrodes tracts with a target discrepancy explanation. BACKGROUND Although microrecording is the standard in subthalamic stimulation, microelectrode monitoring prolongs surgical time and may increase the risk of haemorrhagic complications. The main purpose for the electrophysiological mapping is to overcome the discrepancy between the anatomical and electrophysiological targets. METHODS Subthalamic electrodes were stereotactically implanted in 58 patients using microrecording by means of parallel electrodes at defined distances. The relationship of the final electrode to the anatomical trajectory, the subthalamic nucleus electrical activity length, and the relationship of right and left electrodes were analysed. RESULTS The final electrode placement matched the anatomical trajectory in 53.4 % of patients on the right side, and 43.1 % of patients on the left side. The electrode position was symmetrical in 38.3 % of patients. The analysis of left and right electrode positions did not prove brain shift as the sole factor responsible for anatomy-functional discrepancy. Further, neither age, Parkinson's disease duration, or L-DOPA adverse effects were confirmed as responsible factors. CONCLUSIONS The difference between the anatomical trajectory and the final electrode placement underlined the need for functional microelectrode monitoring. Brain shift is not the only causative factor for the difference (Tab. 7, Ref. 27).
The human immune response to Toxoplasma: Autophagy versus cell death

Introduction Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that can infect a broad range of warmblooded animals. In humans, it can cause serious disease in immune-compromised individuals or if contracted congenitally. In North America and Europe, strains belonging to the clonal types I, II, and III haplogroups predominate, while in South America a large variety of other “atypical” strains exist. These strains differ enormously in virulence in mice and there is evidence that different strains can also cause variable pathology in humans. In mice, the cytokine interferon gamma (IFNγ) induces multiple toxoplasmacidal mechanisms and therefore plays a crucial role in immunity to Toxoplasma. Compared to mice, humans are more resistant to Toxoplasma. This is surprising because humans lack the Toll-like receptors 11/12 (TLR11/12) found in mice that bind to the Toxoplasma protein profilin and trigger a signaling cascade leading to the production of interleukin 12 (IL12), a key cytokine that stimulates IFNγ production. Humans also lack the multitude of murine immunity-related GTPases (IRGs) that are induced upon IFNγ stimulation and play a crucial role in the destruction of the membrane surrounding the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) in which Toxoplasma resides in the host cytoplasm. Thus, the mechanisms involved in the production of IFNγ in humans (Fig 1) differ from those in mice and the pathways that mediate parasite clearance are less well understood (reviewed in [1]). In this review, we focus on two mechanisms of Toxoplasma clearance by human cells: autophagy and cell death.