Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in attachment organization, emotion dysregulation, and interpersonal problems among women in treatment for abuse

ABSTRACT Objective: Women who have experienced childhood abuse often have interpersonal difficulties. The current study examines whether changes in emotion dysregulation mediate the relationship between changes in attachment patterns and changes in interpersonal problems among women who completed treatment for the sequelae of childhood abuse. Method: Participants were 36 women who completed a program targeting the psychological consequences of childhood maltreatment. At pre-and posttreatment, participants completed a projective assessment of adult attachment, and self-report measures of emotion dysregulation and interpersonal problems. Results: Changes in emotion dysregulation mediated the relationship between shifts toward resolved attachment and changes in interpersonal problems. Compared to participants who maintained their pretreatment attachment patterns, those who shifted toward a resolved pattern became significantly more able to clarify and describe their emotions. Improvements in these abilities were associated with decreased problems with being nonassertive, overly accommodating, self-sacrificing, and socially inhibited. Additionally, improvements in emotional clarity uniquely mediated the relationship between shifts to resolved attachment and reductions in problems with being domineering and intrusive. Moreover, decreased difficulty describing feelings uniquely mediated the relationship between shifts to resolved attachment and decreases in problems with being cold. Conclusions: Among women who complete treatment for the sequelae of childhood abuse, shifts to resolved attachment were indirectly related to decreases in interpersonal problems through improved emotional processing.
Effects of α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid in the severity and management of traumatic brain injury in albino rats

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is accompanied by substantial accumulation of biomarkers of oxidative stress and depletion of antioxidants reserve which initiate chain reactions that damage brain cells. The present study investigated the role of ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol on the severity and management of TBI in rats. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats were subjected to closed head injury using an accelerated impact device. Rats were administered 45 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg body weight of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol or a combination of the two vitamins for 2 weeks pre- and post injury. Blood and brain tissue homogenates were analyzed for vitamin C, vitamin E, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and creatine kinase activities. Results: The results indicated that TBI caused significant (P < 0.05) decreased in vitamins C and E levels in the blood and brain tissue of TBI-untreated rats. The activities of superoxide dismutase in TBI rats were markedly reduced when compared with non traumatized control and showed a tendency to increased following supplementation with vitamins C and E. Supplementation of the vitamins significantly (P < 0.05) reduced malondialdehyde in the treatment groups compared with the TBI-untreated group. Conclusion: The study indicated that pre and post treatment with ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol reduced oxidative stress induced by brain injury and effectively reduced mortality rate in rats.
Mechanical circulatory support is associated with loss of platelet receptors glycoprotein Ibα and glycoprotein VI

Essentials Relationship of acquired von Willebrand disease (VWD) and platelet dysfunction is explored. Patients with ventricular assist devices and on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation are investigated. Acquired VWD and platelet receptor shedding is demonstrated in the majority of patients. Loss of platelet adhesion receptors glycoprotein (GP) Ibα and GPVI may increase bleeding risk.
Islander: Informing Leverage Points for Design of a Location-based Mobile Game promoting Physical Activity

Health issues, due to a sedentary lifestyle and a decrease of physical activity are a raising issue in today's society. In order to provide incentives to stay physically active the potential of digital games gets evaluated in a scientific context towards their motivational effects. Games or game related applications offer a range of opportunities regarding the integration of physical activities replacing traditional controller input with bodily exertion, such as location-based mobile games. However, game design is a complex process and integrating physical activities in a meaningful way makes it even a greater challenge. With this work, we aim to provide a design case describing how this challenge can be approached. We illustrate how formal recommendations for physical activity by the World Health Organization and principals of meaningful play can inform the blueprint for the design of a location-based mobile game using a user-centered approach.
A collaborative filtering-based approach to biomedical knowledge discovery

Motivation The increase in publication rates makes it challenging for an individual researcher to stay abreast of all relevant research in order to find novel research hypotheses. Literature-based discovery methods make use of knowledge graphs built using text mining and can infer future associations between biomedical concepts that will likely occur in new publications. These predictions are a valuable resource for researchers to explore a research topic. Current methods for prediction are based on the local structure of the knowledge graph. A method that uses global knowledge from across the knowledge graph needs to be developed in order to make knowledge discovery a frequently used tool by researchers. Results We propose an approach based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) that is able to combine data from across the knowledge graph through a reduced representation. Using cooccurrence data extracted from published literature, we show that SVD performs better than the leading methods for scoring discoveries. We also show the diminishing predictive power of knowledge discovery as we compare our predictions with real associations that appear further into the future. Finally, we examine the strengths and weaknesses of the SVD approach against another well-performing system using several predicted associations. Availability and implementation All code and results files for this analysis can be accessed at https://github.com/jakelever/knowledgediscovery. Contact sjones@bcgsc.ca. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Comparison of Penetrating Neck Injury Management in Combat Versus Civilian Trauma: A Review of 55 Cases.

UNLABELLED The objective was to describe a case series of penetrating neck injuries (PNIs) and compare their management in combat versus civilian trauma. METHODS From 2012 to 2014, all soldiers and civilians referred to Percy Military Training Hospital for PNI were analyzed. The mechanism of injury, type and site of the lesion, and initial emergency management were noted. RESULTS Among the 55 patients, 26 were wounded in action, and 29 were civilians. PNIs were commonly stab wounds resulting from an assault. Anatomical zone II, as well as the central neck compartment, was the most affected area. The most affected organ was the larynx. 74% of patients underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA), surgical exploration was performed for 42% of patients, and 33% of patients required intensive care unit monitoring. The differences between the two groups in terms of management were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS The current management is based on clinical examination and CTA and is similar between soldiers and civilians. Surgical exploration is less commonly used than CTA, which is a fast and accurate method to evaluate PNI for stable patients. The classification by compartment seems more relevant than the classification by anatomical zone, particularly in absence of medical imaging.
‘Pass the Buzzy Thing, Please.’ Recognising and Understanding Information: An Essential Non-Technical Skill Element for the Efficient Scrub Practitioner

Adverse events are unintended injuries or complications that are caused by the management of a patient's care rather than by their underlying medical condition. Research into adverse events in hospitals has demonstrated that the operating theatre is one area of healthcare where there is room for improvement, with 41% of all adverse events occurring in the operating theatre, according to one systematic review (deVries et al 2008). Despite technical guidelines, there are still instances of sponges and instruments being retained within patients (Gawande et al 2003) and the factors contributing to this may include assertiveness issues and communication between perioperative and medical staff, i.e. non-technical skills.
High Efficiency Energy Harvesters in 65nm CMOS Process for Autonomous IoT Sensor Applications

Two integrated, highly efficient RF-to-dc rectifier circuits are presented. The rectifier circuits are based on improved Dickson charge pump models and are fabricated using 65-nm CMOS GlobalFoundries process. The designs utilize diode-connected metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors instead of the conventional Schottky diodes to provide a fully integrated circuits. A detailed analytical model that supports the improved circuit model is given. The measurement results of both rectifier circuits show good agreement with the simulation results. The fabricated rectifiers’ start to operate at −17.5-dBm input power. The tested frequency of operation of the rectifier circuits is 953 MHz (GSM900 band), however, other frequency bands such as 2.4 GHz (Bluetooth/WLAN) could be covered with proper impedance matching. The measured peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the implemented rectifiers are 84.37% and 56.16% at input power levels of −12.5 and −15 dBm, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest achieved PCE for the class of rectifiers at such low input power level in the literature. High sensitivity and excellent PCE of the presented rectifiers are ideal for utilization in wireless sensor network, Internet of Things, energy harvesting, and biomedical applications.
Interaction Patterns for Smart Spaces: A Confident Interaction Design Solution for Pervasive Sensitive IoT Services

Smart spaces represent a powerful tool for deploying the new pervasive sensitive services based on Internet of Things products and developed in current information society close to users. Researchers have focused their efforts on new techniques to improve systems and products in this area but neglecting the human factors related to psychological aspects of the user and their psycho-social relationship with the deployment space where they live. This research proposes to take into account these cognitive features in early stages of the design of smart spaces by defining a set of interaction patterns. By using this set of interaction patterns it is possible to influence over the confidence that users can develop during the use of IoT products and services based on them. An evaluative verification has been carried out to assess how this design engineering approach provides a real impact on the generation of confidence in the users of this kind of technology.
Design principles for cutaway visualization of geological models

In this paper, we present design principles for cutaway visualizations that emphasize shape and depth communication of the focus features and their relation to the context. First, to eliminate cutaway-flatness we argue that the cutaway axis should have an angular offset from the view direction. Second, we recommend creating a box-shaped cutaway. Such a simple cutaway shape allows for easier context extrapolation in the cutaway volume. Third, to improve the relationship between the focus features and the context, we propose to selectively align the cutaway shape to familiar structures in the context. Fourth, we emphasize that the illumination model should effectively communicate the shape and spatial ordering inside the cutaway, through shadowing as well as contouring and other stylized shading models. Finally, we recommend relaxing the view-dependency constraint of the cutaway to improve the depth perception through the motion parallax. We have identified these design principles while developing interactive cutaway visualizations of 3D geological models, inspired by geological illustrations and discussions with the domain illustrators and experts.
The Request for Better Measurement: A Comparative Evaluation of Two-Factor Authentication Schemes

Despite over two decades of continuous efforts, how to design a secure and efficient two-factor authentication scheme remains an open issue. Hundreds of new schemes have wave upon wave been proposed, yet most of them are shortly found unable to achieve some important security goals (e.g., truly two-factor security) and desirable properties (e.g., user anonymity), falling into the unsatisfactory "break-fix-break-fix" cycle. In this vicious cycle, protocol designers often advocate the superiorities of their improved scheme, but do not illustrate (or unconsciously overlooking) the aspects on which their scheme performs poorly. In this paper, we first use a series of "improved schemes" over Xu et al.'s 2009 scheme as case studies to highlight that, if there are no improved measurements, more "improved schemes" generally would not mean more advancements. To figure out why the measurement of existing schemes is invariably insufficient, we further investigate into the state-of-the-art evaluation criteria set (i.e., Madhusudhan-Mittal's set). Besides reporting its ambiguities and redundancies, we propose viable fixes and refinements. To our knowledge, we for the first time show that there are at least seven different attacking scenarios that may lead to the failure of a scheme in achieving truly two-factor security. Finally, we conduct a large-scale comparative evaluation of 26 representative two-factor schemes, and our results outline the request for better measurement when assessing new schemes.
Multi-objective drilling trajectory optimization based on NSGA-II

Facing the demand of the efficiency and safety of drilling process, it is necessary to find the optimal drilling trajectory in the complex geological environment. To solve this multi-objective optimization problem, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is applied. And Linear sum weighted method is applied at the same time for comparison. Firstly, the numerical model of a sidestracking horizontal well trajectory is established by nature curve method. Constraints subjected to engineering conditions and objective functions are discussed. Then, as decision parameters, the build rate and the turn rate are optimized. Finally, optimal solutions distributed on the Pareto front uniformly are obtained.
Bacterial microcompartments: their properties and paradoxes

Many bacteria conditionally express proteinaceous organelles referred to here as microcompartments (Fig. 1). These microcompartments are thought to be involved in a least seven different metabolic processes and the number is growing. Microcompartments are very large and structurally sophisticated. They are usually about 100–150 nm in cross section and consist of 10,000–20,000 polypeptides of 10–20 types. Their unifying feature is a solid shell constructed from proteins having bacterial microcompartment (BMC) domains. In the examples that have been studied, the microcompartment shell encases sequentially acting metabolic enzymes that catalyze a reaction sequence having a toxic or volatile intermediate product. It is thought that the shell of the microcompartment confines such intermediates, thereby enhancing metabolic efficiency and/or protecting cytoplasmic components. Mechanistically, however, this creates a paradox. How do microcompartments allow enzyme substrates, products and cofactors to pass while confining metabolic intermediates in the absence of a selectively permeable membrane? We suggest that the answer to this paradox may have broad implications with respect to our understanding of the fundamental properties of biological protein sheets including microcompartment shells, S‐layers and viral capsids. BioEssays 30:1084–1095, 2008. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A customizable recommender system for mashup platforms

When developing composite web applications, non-programmers have to be assisted by recommendations. In the light of ad-hoc mashup development, users' heterogeneous skills and approaches, as well as different focus of mashup platforms, a variety of recommendation scenarios emerge. These require recommender systems to be flexible and configurable. However, recommender systems of prevalent mashup platforms lack sufficient customizability to such context-specific needs. In this paper, we introduce our novel recommender system. Therein, the general tasks a recommender has to perform, i. e. , identify when recommendations are necessary, calculate, present and integrate these, can be declared and configured based on recommendation strategies, according to a certain purpose. Further, we present an adequate architecture, novel models and the overall workflow of our approach. Thus, our recommender is highly customizable and extensible for domain-and platform-specific needs, allowing to cope with a variety of scenarios. To show feasibility and suitability, we implemented our concepts within the CRUISE mashup platform.
Subjective Memory Impairment and Gait Variability in Cognitively Healthy Individuals: Results from a Cross-Sectional Pilot Study.

BACKGROUND Increased stride time variability has been associated with memory impairment in mild cognitive impairment. Subjective memory impairment (SMI) is considered the earliest clinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The association between increased stride time variability and SMI has not been reported. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the association of stride time variability while performing single and dual tasking with SMI in cognitively healthy individuals (CHI). METHODS A total of 126 CHI (15 without SMI, 69 with SMI expressed by participants, 10 with SMI expressed by participant's relative, and 32 with SMI expressed by both participants and their relatives) were included in this cross-sectional study. The coefficient of variation (CoV) of stride time and walking speed were recorded under usual condition and while counting backwards. Age, gender, body mass index, number of drugs taken daily, use of psychoactive drugs, fear of falling, history of previous falls, and walking speed were used as covariates. RESULTS The multiple linear regression models showed that greater CoV of stride time while counting backwards, but not while single tasking, was associated with a participant's relative SMI (p = 0.038). CONCLUSION This study found a specific association between SMI expressed by a participant's relative and a greater CoV of stride time (i.e., worse performance) while dual tasking, suggesting that the association between gait variability and memory may be present in the earliest stages of memory impairment. Thus, gait variability under dual-task in individuals with SMI expressed by their relatives can be a potential biomarker of AD.
Socioeconomic status and smoking: a review

Smoking prevalence is higher among disadvantaged groups, and disadvantaged smokers may face higher exposure to tobacco's harms. Uptake may also be higher among those with low socioeconomic status (SES), and quit attempts are less likely to be successful. Studies have suggested that this may be the result of reduced social support for quitting, low motivation to quit, stronger addiction to tobacco, increased likelihood of not completing courses of pharmacotherapy or behavioral support sessions, psychological differences such as lack of self‐efficacy, and tobacco industry marketing. Evidence of interventions that work among lower socioeconomic groups is sparse. Raising the price of tobacco products appears to be the tobacco control intervention with the most potential to reduce health inequalities from tobacco. Targeted cessation programs and mass media interventions can also contribute to reducing inequalities. To tackle the high prevalence of smoking among disadvantaged groups, a combination of tobacco control measures is required, and these should be delivered in conjunction with wider attempts to address inequalities in health.
Multivariable input-output linearization sliding mode control of DFIG based wind energy conversion system

In this paper, obtaining of maximum active and reactive output power for wind turbines equipped with a double fed induction generator using stator-flux-oriented vector control based on novel multivariable input output linearization sliding mode control presented. The main control problem is the estimation of maximum power operating points of wind turbine under stochastic wind velocity profiles and tracking them using conventional offline and innovative adaptive online method. In this control strategy the wind speed and consequent aerodynamics torque is considered as the disturbance. Results under different operating conditions show the superior performance of the proposed online input-output linearization sliding mode technique.
Segmental orientation behavior of flexible water-blown polyurethane foams

The ambient temperature structure–property orientation behavior in two different polyureaurethane polymers (one cross-linked and one linear) was measured by using infrared dichroism along with mechanical response. Thin films (plaques) thermally compression-molded from TDI-polypropylene (PO) flexible water-blown polyurea-urethane foams and solution-cast TDI–PO polyurea–urethane elastomers were studied. Segmental orientation was measured as a function of elongation and relaxation, as well as of hysteresis behavior. The level of strain was 50–70% for the plaques and up to 240% for the elastomer. The soft segments for both materials exhibited a low state of orientation with elongation. Small changes in orientation with time and upon cyclic straining were also observed for the soft segments. Significant transverse orientation upon stretching was observed in the hard segments of the plaques and up to elongations of 100% for the elastomer. The transverse behavior of the hard segments in the plaques pressed from the foams was attributed to both the smaller hard domains as well as to the polyurea aggregates that have been reported to be present in flexible foams. This transverse behavior also suggested that the smaller hard domains and the polyurea aggregates possess a lamellarlike structure. At low strain levels (up to 50%), only small amounts of orientation hysteresis as well as mechanical hysteresis were observed for the hard segments of the plaques as well as for the elastomer. No significant relaxation in orientation was detected for the hard segments of both materials at a 30% strain level.
AdaM: Adaptive-Maximum imputation for neighborhood-based collaborative filtering

In the context of collaborative filtering, the well-known data sparsity issue makes two like-minded users have little similarity, and consequently renders the k nearest neighbour rule inapplicable. In this paper, we address the data sparsity problem in the neighbourhood-based CF methods by proposing an Adaptive-Maximum imputation method (AdaM). The basic idea is to identify an imputation area that can maximize the imputation benefit for recommendation purposes, while minimizing the imputation error brought in. To achieve the maximum imputation benefit, the imputation area is determined from both the user and the item perspectives; to minimize the imputation error, there is at least one real rating preserved for each item in the identified imputation area. A theoretical analysis is provided to prove that the proposed imputation method outperforms the conventional neighbourhood-based CF methods through more accurate neighbour identification. Experiment results on benchmark datasets show that the proposed method significantly outperforms the other related state-of-the-art imputation-based methods in terms of accuracy.