Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity Analyses in Empirical Studies Plagued with Missing Data

Analyses of data with missing values often require assumptions about missingness mechanisms that cannot be assessed empirically, highlighting the need for sensitivity analyses. However, universal recommendations for reporting missing data and conducting sensitivity analyses in empirical studies are scarce. Both steps are often neglected by practitioners due to the lack of clear guidelines for summarizing missing data and systematic explorations of alternative assumptions, as well as the typical attendant complexity of missing not at random (MNAR) models. We propose graphical displays that help visualize and systematize the results of sensitivity analyses, building upon the idea of “tipping-point” analysis for experiments with dichotomous treatment. The resulting “enhanced tipping-point displays” (ETP) are convenient summaries of conclusions drawn from using different modeling assumptions about the missingness mechanisms, applicable to a broad range of outcome distributions. We also describe a systematic way of exploring MNAR models using ETP displays, based on a pattern-mixture factorization of the outcome distribution, and present a set of sensitivity parameters that arises naturally from such a factorization. The primary goal of the displays is to make formal sensitivity analyses more comprehensible to practitioners, thereby helping them assess the robustness of experiments’ conclusions. We also present an example of a recent use of ETP displays
Involvement of Myosin Vb in Glutamate Receptor Trafficking*

Myosin V motors mediate cargo transport; however, the identity of neuronal molecules transported by these proteins remains unknown. Here we show that myosin Vb is expressed in several neuronal populations and associates with the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate-type glutamate receptor subunit GluR1. In developing hippocampal neurons, expression of the tail domain of myosin Vb, but not myosin Va, enhanced GluR1 accumulation in the soma and reduced its surface expression. These changes were accompanied by reduced GluR1 clustering and diminished frequency of excitatory but not inhibitory synaptic currents. Similar effects were observed upon expression of full-length myosin Vb lacking a C-terminal region required for binding to the small GTPase Rab11. In contrast, mutant myosin Vb did not change the localization of several other neurotransmitter receptors, including the glutamate receptor subunit NR1. These results reveal a novel mechanism for the transport of a specific glutamate receptor subunit in neurons mediated by a member of the myosin V family.
Sentiment analysis on Twitter data with semi-supervised Doc2Vec

Twitter is one of the most popular microblog sites developed in recent years. Feelings are analysed on the messages shared on Twitter so that users ideas on the products and companies can be determined. Sentiment analysis helps companies to improve their products and services based on the feedback obtained from the users through Twitter. In this study, it was aimed to perform sentiment analysis on Turkish and English Twitter messages using Doc2Vec. The Doc2Vec algorithm was run on Positive, Negative and Neutral tagged data using the Semi-Supervised learning method and the results were recorded.
Induction of long-lived germinal centers associated with persisting antigen after viral infection

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) induces an early T cell-independent neutralizing lgM response that is followed by a long-lived, T cell- dependent lgG response. We used the specific amplification factor of several 100x of VSV-virions for immunohistology to analyze the localization of VSV-specific B cells at different time points after immunization. At the peak of the IgM response (day 4), VSV-specific B cells were predominantly present in the red pulp and marginal zone but not in the T area. These B cells were mostly stained in the cytoplasm, characterizing them as antibody secreting cells. By day 6 after immunization, germinal centers (GC) containing surface-stained VSV- specific B cells became detectable and were fully established by day 12. At the same time, large VSV-specific B cell aggregates were present in the red pulp. High numbers of VSV-specific GC associated with persisting antigen were present 1 mo after immunization and later, i.e., considerably longer than has been observed for haptens. Some GC, exhibiting follicular dendritic cells and containing VSV-specific, proliferating B cells were still detectable up to 100 d after immunization. Long-lived GC were also observed after immunization with recombinant VSV-glycoprotein in absence of adjuvants. Thus some anti- virally protective (memory) B cells are cycling and locally proliferate in long-lived GC in association with persisting antigen and therefore seem responsible for long-term maintenance of elevated antibody levels. These observations extend earlier studies with carrier hapten antigens in adjuvant depots or complexed with specific IgG; they are the first to show colocalization of antigen and specific memory B cells and to analyze a protective neutralizing antibody response against an acute viral infection.
Genetic Requirements for Induction of Germination of Spores of Bacillus subtilis by Ca2+-Dipicolinate

ABSTRACT Dormant Bacillus subtilis spores can be induced to germinate by nutrients, as well as by nonmetabolizable chemicals, such as a 1:1 chelate of Ca2+ and dipicolinic acid (DPA). Nutrients bind receptors in the spore, and this binding triggers events in the spore core, including DPA excretion and rehydration, and also activates hydrolysis of the surrounding cortex through mechanisms that are largely unknown. As Ca2+-DPA does not require receptors to induce spore germination, we asked if this process utilizes other proteins, such as the putative cortex-lytic enzymes SleB and CwlJ, that are involved in nutrient-induced germination. We found that Ca2+-DPA triggers germination by first activating CwlJ-dependent cortex hydrolysis; this mechanism is different from nutrient-induced germination where cortex hydrolysis is not required for the early germination events in the spore core. Nevertheless, since nutrients can induce release of the spore's DPA before cortex hydrolysis, we examined if the DPA excreted from the core acts as a signal to activate CwlJ in the cortex. Indeed, endogenous DPA is required for nutrient-induced CwlJ activation and this requirement was partially remedied by exogenous Ca2+-DPA. Our findings thus define a mechanism for Ca2+-DPA-induced germination and also provide the first definitive evidence for a signaling pathway that activates cortex hydrolysis in response to nutrients.
Marcación De Argumentos En El Verbo En Chorote: Intransitividad Escindida Y Otros Sistemas De Alineamiento

En chorote, una lengua mataguaya hablada en el oeste del Gran Chaco argentino y paraguayo, la marcación de los argumentos en el verbo presenta notable complejidad morfológica. El presente artículo describe los diferentes sistemas de alineamiento a los que tal marcación da lugar; el estudio se centra en la variedad iyojwa’(a)ja’, hablada en Argentina. Para los prefijos de persona verbal se describen brevemente un alineamiento jerárquico 1 > 2 > impersonal > 3 en los verbos transitivos y, más detenidamente, un sistema de intransitividad escindida en los participantes del acto de habla correlacionada con la causación interna de la eventualidad, así como un sistema básicamente tripartito en la tercera persona, donde la selección de los diferentes prefijos que la marcan no puede predecirse. Finalmente, ciertos enclíticos y un sufijo de plural configuran un sistema que se asemeja a uno ergativo-absolutivo.
Les conduites à risques et le Trouble Déficitaire de l'Attention/Hyperactivité (TDAH) chez l'enfant et l'adolescent : l'exemple des jeux dangereux

Ce present travail porte sur l’etude des conduites a risques et le Trouble Deficitaire de l’Attention/Hyperactivite chez l’enfant et l’adolescent. Les relations entre les conduites a risques, plus specifiquement la consommation de substances psycho-actives, et le TDAH constituent un objet d’etude important. Parmi les conduites risques nous avons voulu nous centrer particulierement sur les jeux dangereux (jeux de non-oxygenation et jeux violents), ces conduites sont encore peu documentees au niveau de la litterature. Toutefois, certaines etudes mettent en evidence un lien entre ces pratiques et les troubles externalises. L’objectif de ce travail etait d’identifier les facteurs associes voire de vulnerabilite aux conduites a risques, les jeux dangereux, chez les enfants et les adolescents. Nous avons etudie les liens entre les jeux dangereux et le TDAH, puis nous avons mis en evidence l’implication de variables psychologiques et psychopathologiques. Dans notre premiere etude, notre echantillon est constitue de 746 collegiens. Nous avons utilise une methodologie quantitative visant a evaluer : les conduites a risques, la symptomatologie anxieuse, depressive et hyperactive, les styles motivationnels ainsi que la personnalite en reference au modele de Cloninger. Notre deuxieme etude, realisee en milieu clinique aupres de 215 enfants presentant un TDAH, nous a permis d’etudier les variables psychologiques et psychopathologiques dans le TDAH. Puis, dans notre troisieme etude, nous avons evalue chez les enfants TDAH les conduites a risques et nous avons mis en evidence l’implication de facteurs de vulnerabilite. Les resultats obtenus nous permettent de degager des profils psychologiques et psychopathologiques distincts selon le type de jeux dangereux. De plus, selon la severite du TDAH, les facteurs de vulnerabilite sont differents.
Carboxyl Terminus of HSC70-interacting Protein (CHIP) Down-regulates NF-κB-inducing Kinase (NIK) and Suppresses NIK-induced Liver Injury*

Background: Abnormal NIK expression and activation trigger liver injury. Results: CHIP bound to NIK and promoted NIK ubiquitination/degradation; liver-specific overexpression of NIK triggered fatal liver injury; and coexpression of CHIP reversed NIK detrimental effects. Conclusion: CHIP negatively regulates NIK and protects against NIK-induced liver injury. Significance: This study sheds light on a novel regulation of the NIK pathways by CHIP. Ser/Thr kinase NIK (NF-κB-inducing kinase) mediates the activation of the noncanonical NF-κB2 pathway, and it plays an important role in regulating immune cell development and liver homeostasis. NIK levels are extremely low in quiescent cells due to ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated degradation, and cytokines stimulate NIK activation through increasing NIK stability; however, regulation of NIK stability is not fully understood. Here we identified CHIP (carboxyl terminus of HSC70-interacting protein) as a new negative regulator of NIK. CHIP contains three N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeats (TPRs), a middle dimerization domain, and a C-terminal U-box. The U-box domain contains ubiquitin E3 ligase activity that promotes ubiquitination of CHIP-bound partners. We observed that CHIP bound to NIK via its TPR domain. In both HEK293 and primary hepatocytes, overexpression of CHIP markedly decreased NIK levels at least in part through increasing ubiquitination and degradation of NIK. Accordingly, CHIP suppressed NIK-induced activation of the noncanonical NF-κB2 pathway. CHIP also bound to TRAF3, and CHIP and TRAF3 acted coordinately to efficiently promote NIK degradation. The TPR but not the U-box domain was required for CHIP to promote NIK degradation. In mice, hepatocyte-specific overexpression of NIK resulted in liver inflammation and injury, leading to death, and liver-specific expression of CHIP reversed the detrimental effects of hepatic NIK. Our data suggest that CHIP/TRAF3/NIK interactions recruit NIK to E3 ligase complexes for ubiquitination and degradation, thus maintaining NIK at low levels. Defects in CHIP regulation of NIK may result in aberrant NIK activation in the liver, contributing to live injury, inflammation, and disease.
The exclusion of Roma claimants in Canadian refugee policy

ABSTRACT The arrival of thousands of European Roma seeking refugee status in Canada elicited a range of legislative and policy instruments that severely restrict their acceptance and create conditions antagonistic to further admissions. Interventions have included visa restrictions, actions by Immigration and Refugee Board, the Balanced Refugee Reform Act followed by the Protecting Canada's Immigration System Act, and ministerial rhetoric about the illegitimacy of Roma as refugees. Other factors have involved interpretations of persecution in relation to the Geneva Convention and Protocol, and the implications of the conditions required for membership to the European Union. These political circumstances in large part determine Canadian acceptance rates for the Roma. Their systematic exclusion is reminiscent of the historical treatment of other groups due to institutional racism. In the new racism, however, refugee law and policy is racist in effect while evading the language of race.
Showing Value in Newborn Screening: Challenges in Quantifying the Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Early Detection of Phenylketonuria and Cystic Fibrosis

Decision makers sometimes request information on the cost savings, cost-effectiveness, or cost-benefit of public health programs. In practice, quantifying the health and economic benefits of population-level screening programs such as newborn screening (NBS) is challenging. It requires that one specify the frequencies of health outcomes and events, such as hospitalizations, for a cohort of children with a given condition under two different scenarios—with or without NBS. Such analyses also assume that everything else, including treatments, is the same between groups. Lack of comparable data for representative screened and unscreened cohorts that are exposed to the same treatments following diagnosis can result in either under- or over-statement of differences. Accordingly, the benefits of early detection may be understated or overstated. This paper illustrates these common problems through a review of past economic evaluations of screening for two historically significant conditions, phenylketonuria and cystic fibrosis. In both examples qualitative judgments about the value of prompt identification and early treatment to an affected child were more influential than specific numerical estimates of lives or costs saved.
Turning Points: Treating Families in Transition and Crisis

One of family therapy's wittiest and most sensible writers uses the family crisis as a launching point for discussing the entire range of events that can disrupt marriage and family life. A family crisis is heralded by symptomatic behavior, such as school phobia, adolescent rebellion, or depression, that trips up the family in its developmental path. Pittman show how the therapist can make the most of these crisis, creatively using whatever is at hand to pull the family through the chaos.
The Regulation of Entry and Aggregate Productivity

Euro area economies have lower total factor and labour productivity than the US. I argue that differences in entry cost contribute to this by affecting firms’ technology choice. Introducing technology choice into a standard heterogeneous-firm model, small differences in administrative entry cost can explain around one third of TFP differences. The productivity difference arises because entry costs reduce competition and the incentive to adopt more advanced technologies. Firm heterogeneity, technology choice and the competition channel all contribute to strengthening results compared to previous studies. The effects of entry costs are even larger when the labour market is not competitive.
Massive Habitat-Specific Genomic Response in D. melanogaster Populations during Experimental Evolution in Hot and Cold Environments

Experimental evolution in combination with whole-genome sequencing (evolve and resequence [E&R]) is a promising approach to define the genotype–phenotype map and to understand adaptation in evolving populations. Many previous studies have identified a large number of putative selected sites (i.e., candidate loci), but it remains unclear to what extent these loci are genuine targets of selection or experimental noise. To address this question, we exposed the same founder population to two different selection regimes—a hot environment and a cold environment—and quantified the genomic response in each. We detected large numbers of putative selected loci in both environments, albeit with little overlap between the two sets of candidates, indicating that most resulted from habitat-specific selection. By quantifying changes across multiple independent biological replicates, we demonstrate that most of the candidate SNPs were false positives that were linked to selected sites over distances much larger than the typical linkage disequilibrium range of Drosophila melanogaster. We show that many of these mid- to long-range associations were attributable to large segregating inversions and confirm by computer simulations that such patterns could be readily replicated when strong selection acts on rare haplotypes. In light of our findings, we outline recommendations to improve the performance of future Drosophila E&R studies which include using species with negligible inversion loads, such as D. mauritiana and D. simulans, instead of D. melanogaster.
Context in Collaborative Mobile Scenarios

Groupware systems support users performing a collaborative task. Designers of such systems may consider the deployment of mobile devices in many cases apparently taking advantage of the good features of these devices. However, mobile gadgets are not always suitable. We develop a framework of contextual elements to be considered when a collaborative application for mobile scenarios is being designed. These contextual elements have been identified based on the authors experience on collaborative applications in such scenarios. The use of this framework is illustrated analyzing three examples of collaborative situations.
Ray-Traced Collision Detection: Interpenetration Control and Multi-GPU Performance

We proposed in [LGA13] an iterative ray-traced collision detection algorithm (IRTCD) that exploits spatial and temporal coherency and proved to be computationally efficient but at the price of some geometrical approximations that allow more interpenetration than needed. In this paper, we present two methods to efficiently control and reduce the interpenetration without noticeable computation overhead. The first method predicts the next potentially colliding vertices. These predictions are used to make our IRTCD algorithm more robust to the above-mentioned approximations, therefore reducing the errors up to 91%. We also present a ray re-projection algorithm that improves the physical response of ray-traced collision detection algorithm. This algorithm also reduces, up to 52%, the interpenetration between objects in a virtual environment. Our last contribution shows that our algorithm, when implemented on multi-GPUs architectures, is far faster.
Planning sightseeing tours using crowdsensed trajectories

We present an application where semantically enriched trajectories obtained from crowdsensed data are used to build an advanced system for planning personalized sightseeing tours, called TripBuilder. The interesting feature of TripBuilder is that it uses Wikipedia content and trajectories of previous tourists collected by georeferenced Flickr photos in a complex spatio-temporal framework. The objective is to address, in an unsupervised way, the problem of suggesting a budgeted sightseeing tour based on the preferences of the tourist and the time available for the visit. We present few highlights of how TripBuilder works along with a research agenda where we discuss the role of semantically enriched trajectories and crowdsourced location data in planning itineraries.
Fibrates: What Have We Learned in the Past 40 Years?

The prominent use of fibric acid derivatives has lessened over the years because of unimpressive results in major clinical trials, safety concerns, and the emergence of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins). Clofibrate was widely used in the 1970s, but after publication of results from two major trials demonstrating only modest reductions in the rate of coronary heart disease (CHD) and concerns regarding an increase in the frequency of gallstones and overall mortality, its use subsided dramatically. With the introduction of gemfibrozil in the 1980s came a renewed interest in the class, which was also supported by the published results of the Helsinki Heart Study; however, despite a significant reduction in CHD events and a sound safety profile, overall mortality was comparable to that with placebo. Again, in the 1990s, awareness of the fibrates was heightened with the availability of fenofibrate and the findings of another major trial using gemfibrozil, the Veterans Affairs High‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Intervention Trial (VA‐HIT), which demonstrated impressive results in reducing cardiovascular events. To further strengthen the VA‐HIT results, numerous post hoc analyses were performed on the data of major trials of fibrate therapy among patients with mixed dyslipidemia, with similar findings. Recently, however, data from the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study were published, indicating mixed results. Nearly 40 years after the introduction of the fibrates, practitioners are still contemplating the role of these agents in the treatment of CHD.
Leprosy Diagnosis: An Update on the Use of Molecular Tools Lucrecia

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by an obligatory intracellular mycobacteria Mycobacterium leprae, which presents tropism for Schwann cells and skin macrophages. Leprosy is a public health problem and early diagnosis is essential to avoid incapacities. The disease´s clinical presentation varies from few to widespread lesions and its diagnosis continues to be a challenge due to the low sensibility of the conventional methods, based on bacillary counts of skin smears and histopathology. Molecular techniques, especially the methods to identify M. leprae DNA based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have emerged as a support of the conventional methods for the analysis of clinical samples in difficult to diagnose cases, such as pure neural leprosy, indeterminate and paucibacillary leprosy. The technique has also proved useful in the study of leprosy transmission and monitoring resistance to the WHO recommended Multidrug treatment. Different biological samples can be analysed and there is no consensus in the molecular diagnostic techniques respect of the most efficient nucleic acid extraction method, most appropriate methodology and genetic target for PCR. These methods provide a very valuable option for confirmation of difficult clinical cases with scarce bacilli but requires a well-equipped laboratory and the high cost makes it inaccessible to be used as a routine diagnostic tool in most endemic countries.
Forskning i musikterapi - Retspsykiatri

Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain ? You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us at vbn@aub.aau. dk providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.