Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peptic perforation : epidemiology , etiology and management at tertiary care hospital in Gujarat

Address for correspondence* Hiren Parmar Department of Surgery,Smt N.H. L.Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad,India. Email :drhirenparmar@gmail.com e ISSN: 2277-7253 © 2012 Asian J Med Res operative complications (6) to assess complains in follow-up and study endoscopic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was the prospective study consist of 50 cases of peptic perforation studied at general hospital during the period of 2003 to 2005. After taking routine clinical history, all patients were undergone general examination and more emphasis on abdominal system examination. The haematological investigations were done in the form of haemoglobin, white blood cell count with differential count, blood group, renal function test, liver function test and blood sugar. The radiological investigations include plain X-ray chest PA view, plain X-ray abdomen AP viewerect and [5] ultrasonography of the whole abdomen . The treatment was mainly operative. After proper preoperative resuscitation, all patients were undergone different kind of surgeries according to his or her clinical history and peroprative finding in the form of site, size and number of the perforation and extent of peritonitis. Different kind of surgeries like simple closure, simple closure+omentopexy, simple closure+ligamentum teres plasty, simple closure +gastrojejunostomy with or without vagotomy, simple closure+vagotomy with or without pyloroplasty and laparoscopic closure of perforation. The results in the form of total symptom free, recurrence or mortality were noted. All patients were called for follow-up on th th th th th post-operative 7 day, 12th day, 20 day, 30 day, 60 day and 90 day. They were asked about presence of pain, appetite, bowel habit and ability to work. They were undergone upper th gastrointestinal endoscopy at 90 post-operative day. Department of Surgery,Smt N.H. L.Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad,India.
THE AUGMENTED COMPLEX LEAST MEAN SQUARE ALGORITHM WITH APPLICATION TO ADAPTIVE PREDICTION PROBLEMS 1

An augmented complex least mean square (ACLMS) algorithm for complex domain adaptive filtering which utilises t he full second order statistical information is derived for ad aptive prediction problems. This is achieved based on some recent advances in complex statistics and by using widely linear modelling inC. This way, both circular and non–circular complex signals can be processed optimally, using the same model. Simulations on complex–valued wind field and on a complex autoregressive process show the effectiveness of t his approach as compared to the standard Complex LMS algorithm.
Using Web Data Provenance for Quality Assessment

The Web of Data cannot be a trustworthy data source unless an approach for evaluating the quality of data on the Web is established and integrated as part of the data publication and access process. In this paper, we propose an approach of using provenance information about the data on theWeb to assess their quality and trustworthiness. Our contributions include a model for Web data provenance and an assessment method that can be adapted for specific quality criteria. We demonstrate how this method can be used to evaluate the timeliness of data on the Web, to reflect how up-to-date the data is. We also propose a possible solution to deal with missing provenance information by associating certainty values with calculated quality values.
Child-Parent Attachment Styles and Borderline Personality Disorder Relationship

Many studies have focused on the attachment styles and their impact on human functioning and relationships (Bretherton, 1992). Some attachment styles have been associated with pathological way of human overall functioning, and it has already been observed that insecure attachment style in childhood may be associated with personality dysfunction (Brennan & Shaver, 1998). The purpose of this study is to investigate how people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) describe their attachment style to the primary caregivers from their memories from childhood. This study was conducted in Germany in an inpatient psychiatric clinic. Fifteen participants represented a convenience sample, of patients already diagnosed with BPD. For this study Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) was used. The AAI is a semi-structured interview focusing on the early attachment experiences and their effects based on Attachment Theory.The results indicated that people diagnosed with BPD showed both preoccupied and dismissing child-parent attachment style,however it was the dismissing attachment style that dominated in our sample. The findings supported the hypothesis that participants who showed dismissing attachment style also used positive adjectives to describe the relationship with their primary caregiver, and those with the preoccupied attachment style used negative adjectives to describe the relationship with their primary caregiver. Even though, study was conducted with small number of participants, the study did provide evidence that there is a relationship between BPD and attachment styles in childhood. Threfore, the study offered contribution to the already existing knowledge and research findings regarding the influence of attachment style on BPD development. Keywords: Attachment, Personality disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), child, childhood
Generation of a 4-qubit cluster of entangled coherent states in bimodal QED cavities

We propose a scheme to generate a 4-qubit cluster of entangled coherent states in bimodal QED cavities. The scheme employs a single two-level atom that interacts dispersively with cavity modes initially prepared in coherent states. The fidelity and success probability of the state preparation are obtained considering the influence of atomic velocity spread and atomic efficiency detection. The scheme is also generalized for higher order cluster states.
Modelling Energy Consumption in China

Energy consumption in China has attracted conside rabl research interest since the middle 1990s. This is largely prompted by the environment al ramifications of the extensive use of fossil fue ls in the country to propel two decades of high economic growth. Since the late 1980s, there has been an increasing awareness on the part of the Chinese gov rnment of the imperative for the balance of econom ic growth and environmental protection. The governmen t has since taken various measures ranging from encouraging energy-saving practice, controlling was te discharges to financing R & D programs on improving energy efficiency. Against this backdrop has seen a constant decline of the energy intensit y of the economy, measured as the ratio of total energy consumed in standard coal equivalent to the real GD P since 1989. Using the 1987 and 1997 input-output t ables for China, the present study examines the imp act of technical and structural changes in the economy n industry fuel consumption over the 10-year perio d. Technical changes are reflected in changes in direc t input-output coefficients, which capture the tech ni al evolvement of intermediate production processes. S tructural changes refer to shifts in the pattern of final demand for energy, including the import and export c mposition of various fuels. Six fuels are includ ed in the study, namely, coal, oil, natural gas, electric ity, petroleum and coke and gas, which cover all of the energy types available in the input-output tables. It is found that the predominant force of falling energy intensity was changes in direct energy input requir ements in various industries. Such changes were responsible for a reduction in the consumption of f our of the six fuels per unit of total output. Str uctural changes were not conducive for improving energy eff ici ncy. These findings are consistent with previo us studies, which used shorter timeframes of data. Ho wever, unlike the previous studies, technical chang es are differentiated between direct and total input r equirements. This allows the separation of the imp acts on energy use of energy-saving technologies in the pro duction process and of the externalities of such technologies due to input-output linkages.
Duration modelling in voice conversion using artificial neural networks

Voice conversion aims at transforming the characteristics of a speech signal uttered by a source speaker in such a way that the transformed speech sounds like the target speaker. Such a conversion requires transformation of spectral and prosody features. In this paper, we propose a technique for duration transformation of source speaker to that of a target speaker. This work is done in the framework of Artificial neural networks based voice conversion. The results are evaluated using subjective and objective measures confirm that incorporating durational modification to voice transformation improves the voice quality and has the characteristics of target speaker.
The clinical heterogeneity of dyskinesia and freezing disorder (freezing of gait) and its management strategies in adults with Parkinson’s disease

鉴于帕金森病不同运动并发症临床表现的复杂性和异质性，本文基于临床现象并突破常规思维模式，探讨异动症及冻结症（步态）的内在联系。 建议将开关期分类要素应用到对异动症及冻结症（步态）概念的界定与考量之中，进一步分析了异动症与冻结现象的矛盾与统一。 提出：开期冻结症属于异动症，关期异动属于冻结症的理论观点。 有助于从新的视角更好把握运动并发症的发生规律及其临床处置策略。 另外，对异动症及冻结的发生机制、流行病学及临床处置策略进行了总结和探讨 。
A Real-Time Road Following and Road Junction Detection Vision System for Autonomous Vehicles

This paper describes a real-time road following and road junction detection vision system for autonomous vehicles. Vision-guided road following requires extracting road boundaries from images in real-time to guide the navigation of autonomous vehicles on the roadway. We use a histogram-based pixel classification algorithm to classify road and non-road regions in the image. The most likely road region is selected and a polygonal representation of the detected road region boundary is used as the input to a geometric reasoning module that performs model-based reasoning to accurately identify consistent road segments and road junctions. In this module, local geometric supports for each road edge segment are collected and recorded and a global consistency checking is performed to obtain a consistent interpretation of the raw data. Limited cases of incorrect image segmentation due to shadows or unusual road conditions can be detected and corrected based on the road model. Similarly, road junctions can be detected using the same principle. The real-time road following vision system has been implemented on a high-speed image processor connected to a host computer. We have tested our road following vision system and vehicle control system on a gravel road. The vehicle can travel up to 8 kilometers per hour speed on the road.
Diagnostic Imaging II 2010 Final Project 1 CT Attenuation Correction in PET / CT Image Fusion

This paper presents the results of evaluating the use of X-ray CT data for attenuation correction of PET data. This method of attenuation correction is intended for use with a combined volume-imaging PET/CT scanner for oncology. We discuss four possible methods of scaling the attenuation map from the CT energies to the required PET attenuation map at 511 keV. Results are presented on the testing of these methods by phantom studies with regions of different densities. We show that the hybrid method and hybrid dual-energy method provide better results for the reconstructed PET emission scan for bone structure and/or CT contract.
Notice of RetractionManagerial overconfidence and firm expansion: Evidence from China

Using the data of Chinese publically traded firms, we examine the relationship between managerial overconfidence and firm expansion and find that managerial overconfidence is positively correlated with the rate of firm expansion. In particular, overconfident managers tend to internally expand firms in an aggressive manner. Also a negative, though not statistically significant, relationship exists between managerial overconfidence and M&A activity.
IgG bearing covalently bound C3b has enhanced bactericidal activity for Escherichia coli 0111

The mechanism was sought by which bactericidal IgG for E. coli 0111 (strain 12015) increases the bactericidal efficiency of C5b-9. IgG did not affect the distribution of C3 deposition on the O-Ag capsule and the outer membrane of 12015, suggesting that bactericidal IgG was not directing complement activation to different sites on the bacterial surface. However, one-fifth of the C3 that was deposited in the presence of IgG attached covalently to the antibody molecule. Covalent complexes between purified C3b and IgG were prepared in order to study the role of C3b-IgG in the bactericidal reaction. 8-10-fold less C3b- IgG than IgG was necessary to sensitize 12015 for serum killing. When aggregates were eliminated from the C3b-IgG and IgG preparations by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation, C3b-IgG remained three- to fourfold more effective than IgG on a molecule-for-molecule bound basis in mediating the serum bactericidal reaction. These results suggest that formation of C3b-IgG during the serum bactericidal reaction is critical for killing, and have important implications for the development of effective bactericidal vaccines.
Giant saltation on Mars

Saltation, the motion of sand grains in a sequence of ballistic trajectories close to the ground, is a major factor for surface erosion, dune formation, and triggering of dust storms on Mars. Although this mode of sand transport has been matter of research for decades through both simulations and wind tunnel experiments under Earth and Mars conditions, it has not been possible to provide accurate measurements of particle trajectories in fully developed turbulent flow. Here we calculate the motion of saltating grains by directly solving the turbulent wind field and its interaction with the particles. Our calculations show that the minimal wind velocity required to sustain saltation on Mars may be surprisingly lower than the aerodynamic minimal threshold measurable in wind tunnels. Indeed, Mars grains saltate in 100 times higher and longer trajectories and reach 5-10 times higher velocities than Earth grains do. On the basis of our results, we arrive at general expressions that can be applied to calculate the length and height of saltation trajectories and the flux of grains in saltation under various physical conditions, when the wind velocity is close to the minimal threshold for saltation.
Lifespan extension by conditions that inhibit translation in Caenorhabditis elegans

Many conditions that shift cells from states of nutrient utilization and growth to states of cell maintenance extend lifespan. We have carried out a systematic lifespan analysis of conditions that inhibit protein synthesis. We find that reducing the levels of ribosomal proteins, ribosomal‐protein S6 kinase or translation‐initiation factors increases the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. These perturbations, as well as inhibition of the nutrient sensor target of rapamycin (TOR), which is known to increase lifespan, all increase thermal‐stress resistance. Thus inhibiting translation may extend lifespan by shifting cells to physiological states that favor maintenance and repair. Interestingly, different types of translation inhibition lead to one of two mutually exclusive outputs, one that increases lifespan and stress resistance through the transcription factor DAF‐16/FOXO, and one that increases lifespan and stress resistance independently of DAF‐16. Our findings link TOR, but not sir‐2.1, to the longevity response induced by dietary restriction (DR) in C. elegans, and they suggest that neither TOR inhibition nor DR extends lifespan simply by reducing protein synthesis.
Chemical Cues Influence Pupation Behavior of Drosophila simulans and Drosophila buzzatii in Nature and in the Laboratory

In the wild, larvae of several species of Drosophila develop in heterogeneous and rapidly changing environments sharing resources as food and space. In this scenario, sensory systems contribute to detect, localize and recognize congeners and heterospecifics, and provide information about the availability of food and chemical features of environments where animals live. We investigated the behavior of D. simulans and D. buzzatii larvae to chemicals emitted by conspecific and heterospecific larvae. Our goal was to understand the role of these substances in the selection of pupation sites in the two species that cohabit within decaying prickly pear fruits (Opuntia ficus-indica). In these breeding sites, larvae of D. simulans and D. buzzatii detect larvae of the other species changing their pupation site preferences. Larvae of the two species pupated in the part of the fruit containing no or few heterospecifics, and spent a longer time in/on spots marked by conspecifics rather than heterospecifics. In contrast, larvae of the two species reared in isolation from conspecifics pupated randomly over the substrate and spent a similar amount of time on spots marked by conspecifics and by heterospecifics. Our results indicate that early chemically-based experience with conspecific larvae is critical for the selection of the pupation sites in D. simulans and D. buzzatii, and that pupation site preferences of Drosophila larvae depend on species-specific chemical cues. These preferences can be modulate by the presence of larvae of the same or another species.
Extended lapped transforms for digital multicarrier modulation

In today's multicarrier modulation systems, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete multitone (DMT), modulation is accomplished digitally by the use of the inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT). Instead of the IDFT, any other orthogonal transform can be used. A multicarrier scheme based on extended lapped transforms (ELT) is investigated. With the ELT, a better spectral containment of the subchannels is achieved, which also leads to a superior power spectral density of the multicarrier signal. Further, the ELT multicarrier modulation is shown to be more robust against frequency selective interferers present on the transmission channel.
Coping Self‐Efficacy and Academic Stress Among Hispanic First‐Year College Students: The Moderating Role of Emotional Intelligence

In this study, the authors examined the role that emotional intelligence plays in moderating the relationship between academic stress and coping self-efficacy among a sample of 125 Hispanic 1st-year college students enrolled at a medium-size, southern Hispanic-serving institution. Results of a 2-stage hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that emotional intelligence was a significant moderator in the relationship for the students surveyed. Implications for counseling Hispanic 1st-year college students and directions for future research are suggested.
Forming mechanism of the bipolar resistance switching in double-layer memristive nanodevices

To initiate resistance switching phenomena, it is usually necessary to apply a strong electric field to a sample. This forming process poses very serious obstacles in real nanodevice applications. In unipolar resistance switching (URS), it is well known that the forming originates from soft dielectric breakdown. However, the forming in bipolar resistance switching (BRS) is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the forming processes in Pt/Ta2O5/TaOx/Pt and Pt/TaOx/Pt nanodevices, which showed BRS and URS, respectively. By comparing the double- and single-layer systems, we were able to observe differences in the BRS and URS forming processes. Using computer simulations based on an ‘interface-modified random circuit breaker network model’, we could explain most of our experimental observations. This success suggests that the BRS forming in our Pt/Ta2O5/TaOx/Pt double-layer system can occur via two processes, i.e., polarity-dependent resistance switching in the Ta2O5 layer and soft dielectric breakdown in the TaOx layer. This forming mechanism can be used to improve the performance of BRS devices. For example, we could improve the endurance properties of Pt/Ta2O5/TaOx/Pt cells by using a small forming voltage.
The Data Flow Problem in Learning Design : A Case Study

A teaching-learning process formalized through the IMS-Learning Design specification (IMSLD) comprises a sequence of learning activities (learning flow) as well as a sequence of outcomes which are the result of using tools and services in order to support the learning activities (data flow). Although the automation of the learning flow has been achieved in IMSLD, the automation of the data flow between tools is still an open issue. Nevertheless, no real case studies have been reported in the literature, that illustrate the existence and relevance of the problem. In this paper an authentic case study is analyzed and several findings indicate that in collaborative learning the data flow management is error-prone for the students; the data flow specification is error-prone for the course designer; as well as a reusability issue in data flow specification has been identified. All of them are relevant issues since the two former may potentially affect the students’ learning objectives while the latter affects the reusability of the whole unit of learning (UoL). In order to address these issues while keeping interoperability with IMS-LD, we introduce a solution that separate the data flow specification from the learningflow one.
An Approximate Markov Model for the Wright–Fisher Diffusion and Its Application to Time Series Data

The joint and accurate inference of selection and demography from genetic data is considered a particularly challenging question in population genetics, since both process may lead to very similar patterns of genetic diversity. However, additional information for disentangling these effects may be obtained by observing changes in allele frequencies over multiple time points. Such data are common in experimental evolution studies, as well as in the comparison of ancient and contemporary samples. Leveraging this information, however, has been computationally challenging, particularly when considering multilocus data sets. To overcome these issues, we introduce a novel, discrete approximation for diffusion processes, termed mean transition time approximation, which preserves the long-term behavior of the underlying continuous diffusion process. We then derive this approximation for the particular case of inferring selection and demography from time series data under the classic Wright–Fisher model and demonstrate that our approximation is well suited to describe allele trajectories through time, even when only a few states are used. We then develop a Bayesian inference approach to jointly infer the population size and locus-specific selection coefficients with high accuracy and further extend this model to also infer the rates of sequencing errors and mutations. We finally apply our approach to recent experimental data on the evolution of drug resistance in influenza virus, identifying likely targets of selection and finding evidence for much larger viral population sizes than previously reported.
Mec1 and Tel1: an arresting dance of resection

At sites of damage DNA is resected to enable the optimal form of repair, directed by homology. But how does the cell regulate resection while coordinating with the cell cycle? In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Clerici et al define missing links between DNA resection and cell cycle arrest during repair, showing that Mec1 can inhibit resection to subsequently activate arrest by Tel1.