Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transverse-current autocorrelation-function calculations of the shear viscosity for molecular liquids.

The usual approach to calculating shear viscosities and other thermal transport coefficients from equilibrium molecular-dynamics simulations has been to evaluate the appropriate Green-Kubo relation. An alternative to this method is to examine the long-time behavior of correlations formed from the amplitudes of spontaneous fluctuations in transverse momentum fields (transverse-current autocorrelation functions). For systems in the hydrodynamic limit, long-wavelength fluctuations in transverse momentum fields decay exponentially with a decay constant 1/[tau][sub [ital H]]=[mu][ital k][sup 2]/[rho], where [ital k] is the wave vector of the fluctuation, [mu] is the shear viscosity, and [rho] is the density. Thus, determination of [tau][sub [ital H]] leads directly to [mu]. This approach is used to calculate the shear viscosity for the Lennard-Jones fluid, liquid carbon dioxide, and the TIP4P model of water of Jorgensen [ital et] [ital al]. [J. Chem. Phys. 79, 926 (1983)].
Effects of differentiating cues on interference by stimulus semantic similarity in paired associate learning

In the present experiment an attempt was made to reduce interference due to stimulus semantic similarity in paired associate learning. Eighteen adjectives were used as the stimuli. One half of the stimuli in the list were semantically highly similar with each other (HS), and the other half were of low similarity (LS). Either a differentiating cue noun, that would facilitate seman tically selective encoding, or an unrelated noun was presented with each adjective. Facilitation was found only when the differentiating cue nouns were presented with the adjectives, while the unrelated nouns disturbed learning. These results were interpreted as an evidence that interference due to stimulus semantic similarity is caused by difficulty in differentiated selective encoding of semantic components.
PathPred: an enzyme-catalyzed metabolic pathway prediction server

The KEGG RPAIR database is a collection of biochemical structure transformation patterns, called RDM patterns, and chemical structure alignments of substrate-product pairs (reactant pairs) in all known enzyme-catalyzed reactions taken from the Enzyme Nomenclature and the KEGG PATHWAY database. Here, we present PathPred (http://www.genome.jp/tools/pathpred/), a web-based server to predict plausible pathways of muti-step reactions starting from a query compound, based on the local RDM pattern match and the global chemical structure alignment against the reactant pair library. In this server, we focus on predicting pathways for microbial biodegradation of environmental compounds and biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites, which correspond to characteristic RDM patterns in 947 and 1397 reactant pairs, respectively. The server provides transformed compounds and reference transformation patterns in each predicted reaction, and displays all predicted multi-step reaction pathways in a tree-shaped graph.
Harmonic cues for speech segmentation: a cross-linguistic corpus study on child-directed speech*

ABSTRACT Previous studies on the role of vowel harmony in word segmentation are based on artificial languages where harmonic cues reliably signal word boundaries. In this corpus study run on the data available at CHILDES, we investigated whether natural languages provide a learner with reliable segmentation cues similar to the ones created artificially. We observed that in harmonic languages (child-directed speech to thirty-five Turkish and three Hungarian children), but not in non-harmonic ones (child-directed speech to one Farsi and four Polish children), harmonic vowel sequences are more likely to appear within words, and non-harmonic ones mostly appear across word boundaries, suggesting that natural harmonic languages provide a learner with regular cues that could potentially be used for word segmentation along with other cues.
Cardiorespiratory Responses to Graded Levels of Lower-body Positive Pressure During Dynamic Exercise in Man

Cardiorespiratory responses to incremental dynamic exercise were assessed across four different levels of lower-body positive pressure (LBPP) and, as a separate study, during constant load (i.e constant work rate) exercise below and above each subject's ventilatory threshold (VT), both with and without 45 torr of LBPP.
During the First Three Months in Cross-Cultural Comparison The Emergence of Social Smiling : The Interplay of Maternal and Infant Imitation

The study addresses the emergence of the social smile in two different sociocultural contexts during the first 12 postnatal weeks. We examined different eliciting mechanisms like mutual gazing, maternal smile during mutual gazing, and reciprocal maternal and infant imitation of smiling. In co-constructivist theories of emotional development, all of them are considered social mechanisms that foster the emergence of social smile in early infancy around the 2-month shift. During the 6th postnatal week, we assumed that mutual gazing and the accompanying maternal smiles are the primary mechanisms that correspond with first infants’ social smile. From the 2-month shift onward, thus during the 8th, 10th, and 12th postnatal weeks, we assumed maternal imitation of infant smile moderates the positive relationship between infant imitation of maternal smile and the duration of infant social smile. We compared face-to-face interactions between 20 mother–child dyads from an independent sociocultural context (urban middle-class families from Münster, Germany) and 24 mother–child dyads from an interdependent sociocultural context (rural Nso families, Cameroon) when the infants were 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks old. The first hypothesis could be corroborated for both cultural contexts, the second hypothesis only partly for the independent cultural contexts and staggered for the interdependent context. The consequences of culture-specific developmental pathways of social smile are discussed.
Array-Based Identification of Species of the GeneraAbiotrophia, Enterococcus, Granulicatella,and Streptococcus

ABSTRACT Some species of enterococci and streptococci are difficult to differentiate by phenotypic traits. The feasibility of using an oligonucleotide array for identification of 11 viridans group streptococci was previously established. The aim of this study was to expand the array to identify species of Abiotrophia (1 species), Enterococcus (18 species), Granulicatella (3 species), and Streptococcus (31 species and 6 subspecies). The method consisted of PCR amplification of the ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer (ITS) regions, followed by hybridization of the digoxigenin-labeled PCR products to a panel of oligonucleotide probes (16- to 30-mers) immobilized on a nylon membrane. Probes could be divided into three categories: species specific, group specific, and supplemental probes. All probes were designed either from the ITS regions or from the 3′ ends of the 16S rRNA genes. A collection of 312 target strains (162 reference strains and 150 clinical isolates) and 73 nontarget strains was identified by the array. Most clinical isolates were isolated from blood cultures or deep abscesses, and only those strains having excellent species identification with the Rapid ID 32 STREP system (bioMérieux Vitek, Taipei, Taiwan) were used for array testing. The test sensitivity and specificity of the array were 100% (312/312) and 98.6% (72/73), respectively. The whole procedure of array hybridization took about 8 h, starting from isolated colonies, and the hybridization patterns could be read by the naked eye. The oligonucleotide array is accurate for identification of the above microorganisms and could be used as a reliable alternative to phenotypic identification methods.
Prostate Cancer and Neuroendocrine Differentiation: More Neuronal, Less Endocrine?

Neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) marks a structural and functional feature of certain cancers, including prostate cancer (PCa), whereby the malignant tissue contains a significant proportion of cells displaying neuronal, endocrine, or mixed features. NED cells produce, and can secrete, a cocktail of mediators commonly encountered in the nervous system, which may stimulate and coordinate cancer growth. In PCa, NED appears during advanced stages, subsequent to treatment, and accompanies treatment resistance and poor prognosis. However, the term “neuroendocrine” in this context is intrinsically vague. This article seeks to provide a framework on which a unified view of NED might emerge. First, we review the mutually beneficial interplay between PCa and neural structures, mainly supported by cell biology experiments and neurological conditions. Next, we address the correlations between PCa and neural functions, as described in the literature. Based upon the integration of clinical and basic observations, we suggest that it is legitimate to seek for true neural differentiation, or neuromimicry, in cancer progression, most notably in PCa cells exhibiting what is commonly described as NED.
Laboratory results indicating complex and potentially unstable frictional behavior of smectite clay

A central problem in explaining the apparent weakness of the San Andreas and other plate boundary faults has been identifying candidate fault zone materials that are both weak and capable of hosting earthquake‐like unstable rupture. Our results demonstrate that smectite clay can be both weak and velocity weakening at low normal stress (<30 MPa). Our data are consistent with previous work, which has focused on higher normal stress conditions (50 MPa and greater) and found only velocity strengthening. If natural fault zones contain significant smectite, one key implication of our results is that localized zones of high pore pressure, which reduce effective normal stress, could be important in controlling potential sites of earthquake nucleation. Our experiments indicate that friction of smectite is complex, and depends upon both sliding velocity and normal stress. This complexity highlights the need for detailed experiments that reflect in‐situ conditions for fault gouges.
Collision detection for three dimension objects in a fixed time

This study aimed to propose, a different architecture of a collision detection neural network (DCNN). The ability to detect and avoid collision is very important for mobile intelligent machines. However many artificial vision systems are not yet able to quickly and cheaply extract the wealth information. This network, which has been particularly reviewed, has enabled us to solve with a new approach the problem of collision detection between two convex polyhedra in a fixed time (O (1) time). We used two types of neurons linear and threshold logic, which simplified the actual implementation of all the networks proposed. This article represents a comprehensive algorithm that determine through the AMAXNET network a measure (a mini-maximum point) in a fixed time, which allows us to detect the presence of a potential collision.
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in China

ABSTRACT There are limited data on the prevalence and clinical and molecular characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) in children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in China. From December 2006 to March 2009, 894 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were collected from children under 14 years of age with ARTIs. Samples were screened for HRSV and genotyped by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and sequencing. Demographic and clinical information was recorded. A total of 38.14% (341/894) of samples were positive for HRSV. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 60.4% of the selected 227 RSV strains were GA2, 34.4% were BA, 4.8% were GB2, and 0.4% were GB3. A total of 40.47% of all of the RSV-positive samples were coinfected with other respiratory viruses, and adenovirus was the most common additional respiratory virus. No statistical differences were found in the frequency of diagnosis and symptoms between the coinfection group and monoinfection group. Additionally, no statistical differences were found in epidemiological characterizations or disease severity between genotype BA- and GA2-positive patients, except for a greater frequency of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) (mostly bronchitis)with BA. HRSV is the most important viral pathogen in Chinese children with ARTIs. Four genotypes (i.e., GA2, BA, GB2, and GB3) circulate locally, and the predominant genotype may shift between seasons. Coinfection with other viruses does not affect disease severity. HRSV genotypes were not associated with different epidemiological characterizations or disease severity.
Verb Argument Browser for Danish

The Verb Argument Browser is a linguistically relevant corpus query tool, which can be used for investigating argument structure of verbs. The original tool was developed for Hungarian corpora but the methodology is claimed to be language independent because of the dependecy grammar based representation. This paper examines this language independency applying the methodology to a language with different structure, namely: Danish. We will see that the methodology can be applied straightforwardly, and the resulting tool shows the same properties as the original version. The Verb Argument Browser for Danish is available at http://corpus.nytud. hu/vabd (username: nodalida, password: vabd).
Customized online and onsite training for rabies-control officers

Abstract Problem It is difficult to deliver adequate training for people working in rabies control in low and middle-income countries. Popular e-learning systems for low-income settings are not well suited to developing and testing practical skills, including laboratory methods. Approach We customized training in rabies control methods for African professionals and students from different disciplines. Trainees participated in preparatory online sessions, evaluations and exercises before and after a 12-day workshop. Trainees and mentors continued to interact through an online forum up to one year after the workshop. Local setting In Africa, 15 000 deaths from rabies occur each year due to a lack of awareness, inaccessibility of post-exposure prophylaxis, inadequate or absent canine rabies-control programmes and lack of governmental financial support. Relevant changes Thirty two trainees – working in health departments, hospitals, veterinary stations and research institutes – were selected to participate; 28 completed the course and passed the final evaluation. Pilot rabies investigation programmes were developed, and two manuscripts submitted for publication. An online forum facilitated further progress for a year after the workshop. Lessons learnt A combination of customized online and onsite training is suitable for teaching disease-control personnel in low-income countries. Participation in this course enabled trainees to advocate for the development of national disease-control strategies. Mentoring is needed to develop a strong network of experts in similar settings.
Why do people adopt cloud services? Gender differences

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the adoption of cloud services. Prior research on the Diffusion Theory usually focuses on innovation attributes and lacks psychological dynamics. This study integrates both the innovation mechanism and psychological mechanism. Gender differences are examined. The survey results discover that relative advantage and observability are important antecedents of cloud services adoption. New technology self-efficacy is also an important predictor of cloud services adoption. The theoretical contribution of this model is its provision of a detailed account of the key forces from the perspective of innovation mechanism and psychological mechanisms underpinning the assessment of adoption intention. It also advances our knowledge that men and women react differently in making cloud usage decisions. Results of the current study indicate that both genders put the emphasis on the utilitarian aspects of cloud services. This study also provides useful suggestions for policy makers and cloud services providers in formulating strategies to enhance cloud services popularity.
A Deterministic Attitude Estimation Using a Single Vector Information and Rate Gyros

This paper proposes a deterministic estimator for the estimation of the attitude of a rigid body. A deterministic estimator uses a minimal set of information and does not try to minimize a cost function or lit the measurements into a stochastic process. The proposed estimator obtains the attitude estimation utilizing only the properties of the rotational group SO(3). The information set required by the proposed estimator is a single vector information and rate gyro readings. For systems in which one of the rotational freedom is constrained, the proposed estimator provides an accurate estimate of the reduced attitude. The performance of the algorithm is verilied on different experimental testbeds.
Obesity in Pregnancy: Implications for the Mother and Lifelong Health of the Child. A Consensus Statement

Obesity among pregnant women is becoming one of the most important women's health issues. Obesity is associated with increased risk of almost all pregnancy complications: gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, delivery of large-for-GA infants, and higher incidence of congenital defects all occur more frequently than in women with a normal BMI. Evidence shows that a child of an obese mother may suffer from exposure to a suboptimal in utero environment and that early life adversities may extend into adulthood. In September 2009, ILSI Europe convened a workshop with multidisciplinary expertise to review practices and science base of health and nutrition of obese pregnant women, with focus on the long-term health of the child. The consensus viewpoint of the workshop identified gaps and gave recommendations for future research on gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes, and research methodologies. The evidence available on short- and long-term health impact for mother and child currently favors actions directed at controlling prepregnancy weight and preventing obesity in women of reproductive ages. More randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the effects of nutritional and behavioral interventions in pregnancy outcomes. Moreover, suggestions that maternal obesity may transfer obesity risk to child through non-Mendelian (e.g. epigenetic) mechanisms require more long-term investigation.
The influence of the antecedent diet upon glucagon and insulin secretion.

Abstract The effect of varying carbohydrate intake upon plasma insulin and glucagon was tested in five volunteers. One week of carbohydrate restriction lowered fasting insulin from 18 to 11 μU per milliliter, whereas fasting glucagon rose from 100 to 136 pg per milliliter, a decline in insulin-glucagon ratio (I/G) of 3.9 to 1.6. One week of isocaloric restoration of carbohydrate to the diet increased fasting insulin to 14 μU per milliliter, and glucagon declined to 65 pg per milliliter, a return of I/G to 4.4. A week of carbohydrate restriction changed the response of insulin and glucagon to protein, insulin rising only to 15 μU per milliliter, whereas glucagon rose from 126 to 218 pg per milliliter, I/G remaining unchanged. After one week of a carbohydrate-containing diet insulin rose to 38 μU, and glucagon to only 167 pg per milliliter, I/G rising from 4.35 to 8.2. The results support the key glucoregulatory role of the alpha and beta cells in influencing hepatic glucose production from both endogenous .
The Legacy and Future of a Model for Engaged Scholarship: Supporting a Broader Range of Scholarship

L ittle did I know, when my model for holistic engaged scholarship was published by the Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement in 2009, that it would become an important tool for furthering the engaged scholarship movement. I created the model through an iterative process of presentations and conversations at several conferences and other venues over several years. I hadn’t planned on publishing the model, but several colleagues encouraged me to do so. I have been amazed at the ways it has been used to further research, personal effectiveness, organizational development, and engagement scholarship practice.
Role of the c‐MYB and c‐ABL Protooncogenes in Human Hematopoiesis a

Rapidly transforming retroviruses are known to carry genes that are thought to be specifically responsible for induction of the malignant phenotype in the cells they infect. 'SZ These genes, termed viral-oncogenes (v-onc), have subsequently been shown to be derived from highly conserved normal cellular genes that were almost certainly incorporated into the retroviral genome during its transit through the host cell. The normal counterparts of the v-onc are commonly referred to as protooncogenes (c-onc). They are thought to be intimately involved in the processes of cell proliferation and differentiation. Evidence to support this hypothesis is largely circumstantial but rests on many compelling observations. For example, protooncogenes encode proteins that are highly homologous to those already identified as being: (1) growth factors (e.g., c-sis and the f l chain of platelet-derived growth factor3); (2) growth factor receptors (e.g., c-fms and macrophage colony-stimulating factor [CSF14); (3) signal transducing proteins (e.g., c-kit, a CSF-1 -like transmembrane kinase that binds an as-yetunidentified ligand5 and ras family genes encoding proteins with guanine nucleotide binding and GTPase activity6); and (4) proteins that may regulate the activity of other genes directly by binding to transcription-enhancing factors (e.g., c-jun'). The c-abl protooncogene encodes a protein with tyrosine kinase activity. * Since the protein is localized to the inner cellular membrane, it may play a role in signal transduc-
Biochemistry of endotoxins.

B IOCHEMISTRY OF LIPID A AND CORE DOMAINS . 134 Isolation, Structure, and Conformation of Lipid A . 134 Lipid A Structures in Non-enteric Bacteria . 136 D efinition of Chemotypes and the Inner Core . 137 The Outer Core . 139 Interaction of LPS with Polyvalent Cations . ,. 139 B IOCHEMISTRY OF O-ANTIGENS, . ,', . " . , . , . ,', . " . ,', . " . ,', . ,",. ,. 140
Relationship Value in Business Markets: The Construct and Its Dimensions

ABSTRACT In recent years, the concept of relationship value has attracted increasing attention among marketing researchers and practitioners alike. Despite a growing body of literature in this area, no generally accepted conceptualization of relationship value has emerged from the marketing literature. The present paper investigates the theoretical foundations of relationship value and identifies seven underlying dimensions. It is suggested that relationship value should be conceptualized as a formative, multi-dimensional, higher-order construct. This conceptualization is tested using data from a cross-sectional survey among some 200 purchasing managers from manufacturing companies. The scale development process is presented and directions for future research are discussed.
Kava (Piper methysticum).

While some complementary and alternative techniques have been studied scientifically, high-quality data regarding safety, effectiveness, and mechanism of action are limited or controversial for most therapies. Whenever possible, it is recommended that practitioners be licensed by a recognized professional organization that adheres to clearly published standards. In addition, before starting a new technique or engaging a practitioner, it is recommended that patients speak with their primary healthcare provider(s). Potential benefits, risks (including financial costs), and alternatives should be carefully considered. The below monograph is designed to provide historical background and an overview of clinically-oriented research, and neither advocates for or against the use of a particular therapy.