Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sudden cardiac arrest associated with early repolarization.

BACKGROUND Early repolarization is a common electrocardiographic finding that is generally considered to be benign. Its potential to cause cardiac arrhythmias has been hypothesized from experimental studies, but it is not known whether there is a clinical association with sudden cardiac arrest. METHODS We reviewed data from 206 case subjects at 22 centers who were resuscitated after cardiac arrest due to idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and assessed the prevalence of electrocardiographic early repolarization. The latter was defined as an elevation of the QRS-ST junction of at least 0.1 mV from baseline in the inferior or lateral lead, manifested as QRS slurring or notching. The control group comprised 412 subjects without heart disease who were matched for age, sex, race, and level of physical activity. Follow-up data that included the results of monitoring with an implantable defibrillator were obtained for all case subjects. RESULTS Early repolarization was more frequent in case subjects with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation than in control subjects (31% vs. 5%, P<0.001). Among case subjects, those with early repolarization were more likely to be male and to have a history of syncope or sudden cardiac arrest during sleep than those without early repolarization. In eight subjects, the origin of ectopy that initiated ventricular arrhythmias was mapped to sites concordant with the localization of repolarization abnormalities. During a mean (+/-SD) follow-up of 61+/-50 months, defibrillator monitoring showed a higher incidence of recurrent ventricular fibrillation in case subjects with a repolarization abnormality than in those without such an abnormality (hazard ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 3.5; P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with a history of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, there is an increased prevalence of early repolarization.
Folge dem weißen Kaninchen –Ein Roboterhase als Vokabeltrainer

Im Folgenden werden die Ergebnisse einer Fallstudie zur Evaluation der user experience und Motivationsfunktion eines Vokabeltrainers in Form eines Roboterhasen prasentiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Schuler einer funften Klasse, die mit dem Hasen lernten, die Anwendung sowohl hinsichtlich des Ease of Use und der Perceived Usefulness als hoch einschatzten, als auch die hedonische und pragmatische Qualitat des Roboterhasen Nabaztag als hoch bewertet wurde. Zudem waren die Schuler, die mit dem Roboter lernten anschliesend in einer positiveren Stimmung als die, die nach der traditionellen Methode lernten. Nach einer Woche konnte bei den Schulern, die mit dem Nabaztag gelernt hatten, eine durchschnittlich hohere Zahl an erinnerten Vokabeln festgestellt werden als bei der Kontrollgruppe. Die Tatsache, dass die Schuler nicht nur Bereitschaft zeigten, den Nabaztag erneut zu benutzen, sondern ihn auch an Freunde weiterempfehlen wurden, zeigt, zusammen mit den Ergebnissen der erfassten Skalen, dass die Applikation eine grundlegende Voraussetzung fur die Entstehung von Motivation und Nutzungsspas erfullt.
The MJO skeleton model with observation‐based background state and forcing

The Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) skeleton model, a nonlinear oscillator model, has previously been shown to have solutions which exhibit several features in common with observed MJOs. In prior studies, model solutions have been found using mathematically simple (constant or sinusoidal) identical moistening and radiative forcing functions. Here we investigate whether this model can also produce realistic regional variability. To do this, observation‐based forcing functions are prescribed for latent heat flux and radiative cooling, and model solutions –both linear and nonlinear –are studied. In the stochastic nonlinear model, solutions reproduce the climatological mean convective activity well and the climatological variance reasonably well for such a simple model. In the linearized model, the solutions are found to contain additional structure including a realistic wave envelope of convective activity centred over the warm pool. These linear solutions are then used to identify and compare significant MJO activity in both reanalysis data and stochastic model solutions. Additional potential uses for these analytical and numerical solutions are discussed.
Commentary: psychiatric co‐morbidity is associated with increased risk of surgery in Crohn's disease

Ananthakrishnan and colleagues used an electronic medical record-based cohort of more than 10 000 inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in the United States to show that depressive disorders or generalised anxiety was associated with a 28% increased risk of surgery in patients with Crohn’s disease (odds ratio: 1.28). After adjusting for antitumour necrosis factor agents or immunomodulator use before surgery, this risk was not markedly attenuated. They did not identify a similar association with UC patients and the reason for this is not clear. In contrast to previous studies that were restricted to symptomatic flares or health-related quality of life, the authors ought to be congratulated for using disease-specific hard end-points such as surgery. Depression or anxiety was also associated with higher rates of out-patient visits, hospitalisation rates and the need for abdominal imaging studies. This observation further supports studies of chronic illnesses whereby depression and anxiety are associated with greater disease and nondisease-related healthcare utilisation. 3 As the authors pointed out, there is still possible unrecognised confounding bias. One such confounder is disease activity and severity even after incorporating propensity scores. In a recent study, risk factors for anxiety and depression in IBD included severe and active disease and socioeconomic deprivation. Although they captured information on IBD-related medication, information on psychotrophic medication appeared not to be captured. It is difficult to know if non-adherence to either type of medications may influence the results. Interestingly, the prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity in their cohort was higher than that recently reported. Being a tertiary referral hospital may have attracted more complex and sicker patients with a high tendency towards surgery. Nonetheless, allowing for these factors, the study outcomes have important clinical implications. It not only calls for routine screening for depression and anxiety in all IBD patients but also invites further prospective studies addressing the effectiveness of psychological or psychiatric interventions on disease outcomes in IBD. 7
Cereal fiber improves whole-body insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese women.

OBJECTIVE Cereal fiber intake is linked to reduced risk of type 2 diabetes in epidemiological observations. The pathogenic background of this phenomenon is unknown. Based on recent findings, we hypothesized that intake of purified insoluble oat fiber may improve whole-body insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A randomized, controlled, single-blind, cross-over study was performed, and 17 overweight or obese subjects with normal glucose metabolism were analyzed. After consumption of nine macronutrient-matched portions of fiber-enriched bread (white bread enriched with 31.2 g insoluble fiber/day) or control (white bread) over a time period of 72 h, whole-body insulin sensitivity was assessed by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Energy intake was individually adjusted by providing standardized liquid meals. Hydrogen breath tests were performed to control for dietary adherence. RESULTS When analyzing the entire cohort, whole-body glucose disposal was improved after fiber consumption (M value 6.56 +/- 0.32 vs. 6.07 +/- 0.27 mg . min(-1) . kg(-1); P = 0.043). Thirteen subjects had increased hydrogen breath test concentrations after fiber consumption, indicating probable dietary adherence. Restricting analysis to these subjects, improvements in M value (6.85 +/- 0.34 vs. 6.06 +/- 0.32 mg . min(-1) . kg(-1); P = 0.003) and insulin sensitivity, expressed as M/I ratio (M value divided by mean serum insulin at steady state: 3.73 +/- 0.23 vs. 3.21 +/- 0.27; P = 0.02), after fiber consumption were more pronounced. Plasma lipids, serum magnesium, ghrelin, and adiponectin concentrations, as well as substrate utilization and body weight, were not significantly changed by fiber intake (P > 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Increased insoluble dietary fiber intake for 3 days significantly improved whole-body insulin sensitivity. These data suggest a potential mechanism linking cereal fiber intake and reduced risk of type 2 diabetes.
Genomic Privacy Metrics: A Systematic Comparison

The human genome uniquely identifies, and contains highly sensitive information about, individuals. This creates a high potential for misuse of genomic data (e.g., Genetic discrimination). This paper investigates how genomic privacy can be measured in scenarios where an adversary aims to infer a person's genome by constructing probability distributions on the values of genetic variations. Specifically, we investigate 22 privacy metrics using adversaries of different strengths, and uncover problems with several metrics that have previously been used for genomic privacy. We then give suggestions on metric selection, and illustrate the process with a case study on Alzheimer's disease.
How well do we care for patients with end stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? A comparison of palliative care and quality of life in COPD and lung cancer

BACKGROUND Patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have a poor quality of life and limited life expectancy. This study examined whether these patients were relatively disadvantaged in terms of medical and social care compared with a group with inoperable lung cancer. METHODS An open two group comparison was made of 50 patients with severe COPD (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) <0.75 l and at least one admission for hypercapnic respiratory failure) and 50 patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A multi-method design was used involving standardised quality of life tools, semi-structured interviews, and review of documentation. RESULTS The patients with COPD had significantly worse activities of daily living and physical, social, and emotional functioning than the patients with NSCLC (p<0.05). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores suggested that 90% of patients with COPD suffered clinically relevant anxiety or depression compared with 52% of patients with NSCLC. Patients were generally satisfied with the medical care received, but only 4% in each group were formally assessed or treated for mental health problems. With regard to social support, the main difference between the groups was that, while 30% of patients with NSCLC received help from specialist palliative care services, none of the patients with COPD had access to a similar system of specialist care. Finally, patients in both groups reported a lack of information from professionals regarding diagnosis, prognosis and social support, although patients' information needs were disparate and often conflicting. CONCLUSION This study suggests that patients with end stage COPD have significantly impaired quality of life and emotional well being which may not be as well met as those of patients with lung cancer, nor do they receive holistic care appropriate to their needs.
Sequential Implementation Without Commitment

In a finite-horizon intertemporal setting, in which society needs to decide and enforce a socially optimal outcome in each period without being able to commit to future ones, the paper examines problems of implementing dynamic social choice processes. A dynamic social choice process is a social choice function (SCF) that maps every admissible state into a socially optimal outcome on the basis of past outcomes. A SCF is sequentially implementable if there exists a sequence of mechanisms (with observed actions and with simultaneous moves) such that for each possible state of the envi- ronment, each (pure strategy) subgame perfect (Nash-)equilibrium of games played sequentially by the same individuals in that state generates the outcome prescribed by the SCF for that state, at every history. The paper identifies necessary conditions for SCFs to be sequentially implemented, sequential decomposability sequential Maskin monotonicity, and shows that they are also suficient under auxiliary conditions when there are three or more individuals. It provides an account of welfare implications of the sequential implementability in the contexts of sequential trading and sequential voting.
Perceptual Salience of Voice Source Parameters in Signaling Focal Prominence

This paper describes listening tests investigating the perceptual role of voice source parameters (other than F0) in signaling focal prominence. Synthesized stimuli were constructed on the basis of an inverse filtered utterance ‘We were away a year ago’. Voice source parameters were manipulated in the two potentially accentable syllables WAY and YEAR (in terms of the absolute magnitude and alignment of peaks) and to provide source deaccentuation of post-focal material. Participants in the first listening test were asked to decide whether the syllable WAY, YEAR or neither was deemed the most prominent: judgments on the degree of prominence and naturalness were also indicated on a continuous visual analogue scale. In the second test listeners indicated the degree of prominence for every syllable in the phrase. For WAY, voice source manipulations can cue focal accentuation, and both the magnitude of the source manipulation of the syllable and the presence of source deaccentuation contribute to the effect. However, for YEAR, listeners’ perception of focal accentuation tended to show relatively minor increases in perceived prominence regardless of the source manipulations involved. It therefore appears that the source expression of focus is sensitive to the location of focus in the intonational phrase.
The evolution of SON to extended SON

The promise of Long Term Evolution (LTE) is its ability to deliver high data rates with the high quality of service (QoS) needed for a variety of applications without extensive operational overhead. To this end, self-optimizing networks (SONs) provide a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standardized framework for self-configuration, self-optimization, and self-healing in LTE networks. Alcatel-Lucent is positioning extended SON as an extension of the SON concept to include the end-to-end network environment, including the application domain and user equipment (UE) clients, as well as associated network and user policies to enable complex optimizations to be applied for specific users and/or applications. This paper presents the drivers for LTE SON, Alcatel-Lucent's vision for SON, and the evolution towards extended SON with representative use cases and a discussion of the proposed architecture.
The Golfer's Mind: Play to Play Great

For the last decade, golfers of all abilities have been drawn to the writings and teachings of Bob Doc Rotella. His books "Golf Is Not a Game of Perfect, Golf Is a Game of Confidence, The Golf of Your Dreams, " and "Putting Out of Your Mind" have all become classics for golfers everywhere. Weekend golfers and pros like Brad Faxon, Darren Clarke, Padraig Harrington, Tom Kite, and Davis Love III all read and listen to the man they call Doc because his teachings are simple and direct and in the end, what Doc says makes them play better golf. "The Golfer's Mind" was actually first suggested by Davis Love, Jr. Davis Love III's dad who encouraged Doc to write an instruction book on golf's mental challenges, organized by topic. Love thought that golfers could keep the book with them, or at least nearby, at all times. When they needed a refresher on a certain issue, they could consult the book, read for a few minutes, and take away solid guidance regarding their difficulties. Doc heard what Love said, and twenty years later, "The Golfer's Mind" is that book. From his Ten Commandments (Commandment I. Play to play great. Don't play not to play poorly) to just about any topic a golfer might imagine, this is the ideal way for players to get all of Rotella's teachings. Doc covers topics including: -Butterflies -Practicing to Play Great -The Rhythm of the Game -Routine -Setbacks -How Winning Happens In the perfect format for the busy golfer, "The Golfer's Mind" is the concise and convenient quick-reference tool to appeal to Rotella's millions of followers and is sure to become a golf classic. "
Calcium Orthophosphate Cements and Concretes

In early 1980s, researchers discovered self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements, which are a bioactive and biodegradable grafting material in the form of a powder and a liquid. Both phases form after mixing a viscous paste that after being implanted, sets and hardens within the body as either a non-stoichiometric calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) or brushite, sometimes blended with unreacted particles and other phases. As both CDHA and brushite are remarkably biocompartible and bioresorbable (therefore, in vivo they can be replaced with newly forming bone), calcium orthophosphate cements represent a good correction technique for non-weight-bearing bone fractures or defects and appear to be very promising materials for bone grafting applications. Besides, these cements possess an excellent osteoconductivity, molding capabilities and easy manipulation. Furthermore, reinforced cement formulations are available, which in a certain sense might be described as calcium orthophosphate concretes. The concepts established by calcium orthophosphate cement pioneers in the early 1980s were used as a platform to initiate a new generation of bone substitute materials for commercialization. Since then, advances have been made in the composition, performance and manufacturing; several beneficial formulations have already been introduced as a result. Many other compositions are in experimental stages. In this review, an insight into calcium orthophosphate cements and concretes, as excellent biomaterials suitable for both dental and bone grafting application, has been provided.
Analysis of Data Gathering Schemes for Layered Sensor Networks with Multihop Polling

In this paper, we investigate multihop polling and data gathering schemes in layered sensor networks in order to extend the life time of the networks. A network consists of three layers. The lowest layer contains sensors. The middle layer contains so called super nodes with higher computational power, energy supply and longer transmission range than sensor nodes. The top layer contains a sink node. A node in each layer controls a number of nodes in lower layer by polling mechanism to gather data. We will present four types of data gathering schemes: intermediate nodes do not queue data packet, queue single packet, queue multiple packets and aggregate data, to see which data gathering scheme is more energy efficient for multihop polling in layered sensor networks. Keywords—layered sensor network, polling, data gathering schemes.
Real-time Visual Tracking EECS 451 Final Project

Visual tracking is one of the most challenging problems in computer vision. Generally speaking, there are mainly two state-ofthe-art methods of visual tracking: exhaustive search and neighborhood search. The former one generates candidate bounding boxes of different size and realizes tracking via object detection. The latter one tracks the object through finding the maximum response near the region of last tracked result. This paper uses the method of neighborhood search to achieve the goal of real-time tracking. By adopting the color attributes, this paper has shown its superior performance over multiple datasets. Keywords—visual tracking; color attributes.
Crayfish brain interneurons that converge with serotonin giant cells in accessory lobe glomeruli

Freshwater crayfish have well‐developed olfactory systems with an array of receptors that project exclusively to areas in the brain that are functionally specialized for the processing of odors. The accessory lobes are large bilateral areas of neuropil that are anatomically associated with the olfactory lobes. The accessory lobes receive no primary afferents and do not contain the endings of motor efferents; thus, their role in olfaction is still obscure. Intracellular dye filling of interneurons in the deutocerebral commissure in the crayfish brain has shown that they end bilaterally in glomeruli in the accessory lobes, have cell somata in a dorsal cluster medial to the olfactory lobes, and have unilateral projections to the deutocerebral commissure neuropil. Each deutocerebral commissure interneuron has only 6 to 15 output glomeruli in each accessory lobe and does not share glomeruli with other deutocerebral commissure interneurons. The deutocerebral commissure interneurons converge with the dorsal giant serotonin neurons in the accessory lobe glomeruli. Deutocerebral commissure interneurons can be separated into classes according to their projections to the protocerebrum, central body, and deutocerebrum. Physiological responses of the deutocerebral commissure interneurons following photic stimulation of the eyes and electrical stimulation of the second antennae lead to the conclusion that the deutocerebral commissure represents an input to the accessory lobes from the protocerebral neuropils and that visual and tactile inputs are included in the processing performed in the accessory lobes. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
"El Capital" de Thomas Piketty. ¿Retorno a los clásicos?

espanolEn El Capital en el Siglo XXI (2014) Thomas Piketty trata de las leyes fundamentales que gobiernan historicamente la acumulacion y la distribucion de la riqueza en las economias capitalistas, partiendo de una solida base empirica y combinando un analisis de los mecanismos de concentracion de la riqueza hereditaria con una teoria del crecimiento y la distribucion inspirada en el modelo de Solow (1956). Piketty entronca con la economia politica clasica en la medida que vuelve a situar las cuestiones distributivas y la perspectiva historica en el nucleo del analisis economico, exponiendo las asimetrias que pueden existir entre grupos sociales diferenciados por su funcion en el sistema economico. Pero se aleja de los economistas clasicos en algunas cuestiones fundamentales y, en particular, en cuanto que parte de una nocion exogena del crecimiento que es la que determina, en ultima instancia, los patrones distributivos �cuando para los clasicos la causalidad opera en sentido inverso: es la distribucion del producto, determinada social e institucionalmente en un contexto historico concreto, la que condiciona el crecimiento. EnglishIn Capital in the XXIst Century (2014) Thomas Piketty seeks to unveil the fundamental laws governing the accumulation and distribution of wealth in capitalist economies through history, starting from a robust empirical base and combining a partial analysis of the concentration of hereditary wealth with a general theory of growth and distribution inspired by Solow (1956). Piketty writes in the spirit of the classical political economists to the extent that he brings back distributive issues in historical perspective to the core of economic analysis, emphasizing the asymmetries that can exist between social groups characterised by their distinctive role in the economic system. However, he diverges from the classical economists in some fundamentals aspects and, in particular, in that he starts from an exogenous notion of growth that ultimately determines distributive patterns �whereas for the classical political economists it was the other way around: it is the distribution of output among the social classes, which is conceived as socially and institutionally determined in a specific historical context, that has an impact on growth.