Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-level Modeling for Hybrid Manufacturing Systems Using Arena and MATLAB

Considering the hybrid nature of manufacturing systems where continuity and discreteness coexist, a hybrid analytic and simulation modeling approach for manufacturing systems using Arena, MATLABpsilas Simulink and Statflow is proposed. According to different simulation demands in different resolution level, the multi-resolution model is divided into three levels, so it can reveal both microscopic continuous characteristics of cutting and global discrete feature of the whole system. ActiveX Automation, VBA technology and excel link are used to implement the communication between Arena and MATLAB. The simulation of an actual case indicates that the method is feasible and effective.
Locally testable codes and PCPs of almost-linear length

Locally testable codes are error-correcting codes that admit very efficient codeword tests. Specifically, using a constant number of (random) queries, noncodewords are rejected with probability proportional to their distance from the code. Locally testable codes are believed to be the combinatorial core of PCPs. However, the relation is less immediate than commonly believed. Nevertheless, we show that certain PCP systems can be modified to yield locally testable codes. On the other hand, we adapt techniques we develop for the construction of the latter to yield new PCPs. Our main results are locally testable codes and PCPs of almost-linear length. Specifically, we present: 1. Locally testable (linear) codes in which k information bits are encoded by a codeword of length approximately k /spl middot/ exp(/spl radic/(log)). This improves over previous results that either yield codewords of exponential length or obtained almost quadratic length codewords for sufficiently large non-binary alphabet. 2. PCP systems of almost-linear length for SAT. The length of the proof is approximately n /spl middot/ exp(/spl radic/(log n)) and verification in performed by a constant number (i.e., 19) of queries, as opposed to previous results that used proof length n/sup 1+O(1/q)/ for verification by q queries. The novel techniques in use include a random projection of certain codewords and PCP-oracles, an adaptation of PCP constructions to obtain "linear PCP-oracles" for proving conjunctions of linear conditions, and a direct construction of locally testable (linear) codes of sub-exponential length.
Remote Channel Inference for Beamforming in Ultra-Dense Hyper-Cellular Network

In this paper, we propose a learning-based low-overhead channel estimation method for coordinated beamforming in ultra-dense networks. We first show through simulation that the channel state information (CSI) of geographically separated base stations (BSs) exhibits strong non-linear correlations in terms of mutual information. This finding enables us to adopt a novel learning-based approach to remotely infer the quality of different beamforming patterns at a dense-layer BS based on the CSI of an umbrella control-layer BS. The proposed scheme can reduce channel acquisition overhead by replacing pilot-aided channel estimation with the online inference from an artificial neural network, which is fitted offline. Moreover, we propose to use more anchor points and more candidate beam patterns to obtain better performance. Simulation results based on stochastic ray-tracing channel models show that the proposed scheme can reach an accuracy of 99.74\% in settings with 20 beamforming patterns.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Homogeneous Ultralow Molecular Weight Heparins

An enzymatic synthesis may ultimately offer a more efficient means of producing an important class of anticoagulant drugs. Ultralow molecular weight (ULMW) heparins are sulfated glycans that are clinically used to treat thrombotic disorders. ULMW heparins range from 1500 to 3000 daltons, corresponding from 5 to 10 saccharide units. The commercial drug Arixtra (fondaparinux sodium) is a structurally homogeneous ULMW heparin pentasaccharide that is synthesized through a lengthy chemical process. Here, we report 10- and 12-step chemoenzymatic syntheses of two structurally homogeneous ULMW heparins (MW = 1778.5 and 1816.5) in 45 and 37% overall yield, respectively, starting from a simple disaccharide. These ULMW heparins display excellent in vitro anticoagulant activity and comparable pharmacokinetic properties to Arixtra, as demonstrated in a rabbit model. The chemoenzymatic approach is scalable and shows promise for a more efficient route to synthesize this important class of medicinal agent.
Mice Lacking Expression of Secondary Lymphoid Organ Chemokine Have Defects in Lymphocyte Homing and Dendritic Cell Localization

Secondary lymphoid organ chemokine (SLC) is expressed in high endothelial venules and in T cell zones of spleen and lymph nodes (LNs) and strongly attracts naive T cells. In mice homozygous for the paucity of lymph node T cell (plt) mutation, naive T cells fail to home to LNs or the lymphoid regions of spleen. Here we demonstrate that expression of SLC is undetectable in plt mice. In addition to the defect in T cell homing, we demonstrate that dendritic cells (DCs) fail to accumulate in spleen and LN T cell zones of plt mice. DC migration to LNs after contact sensitization is also substantially reduced. The physiologic significance of these abnormalities in plt mice is indicated by a markedly increased sensitivity to infection with murine hepatitis virus. The plt mutation maps to the SLC locus; however, the sequence of SLC introns and exons in plt mice is normal. These findings suggest that the abnormalities in plt mice are due to a genetic defect in the expression of SLC and that SLC mediates the entry of naive T cells and antigen-stimulated DCs into the T cell zones of secondary lymphoid organs.
CXCL16/SR-PSOX Is an Interferon-&ggr;–Regulated Chemokine and Scavenger Receptor Expressed in Atherosclerotic Lesions

Objective—Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. Several chemokines are important for monocyte/macrophage and T-cell recruitment to the lesion. CXCL16 is a recently discovered chemokine that is expressed in soluble and transmembrane forms, ligates CXCR6 chemokine receptor, and guides migration of activated Th1 and Tc1 cells. It is identical to scavenger receptor SR-PSOX, which mediates uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein. We investigated whether CXCL16 expression is controlled by interferon-&ggr; (IFN-&ggr;)-cytokine abundant in atherosclerotic lesions. Methods and Results—CXCL16 and CXCR6 expression was identified by polymerase chain reaction and histochemistry in atherosclerotic lesions from humans and apolipoprotein-E–deficient mice. In vitro IFN-&ggr; induced CXCL16 in human monocytic THP-1 cells and primary human monocytes, which led to increased uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in THP-1 cells, which could be blocked by peptide antibodies against CXCL16. In vivo IFN-&ggr; induced CXCL16 expression in murine atherosclerotic lesions. Conclusions—We demonstrate a novel role of IFN-&ggr; in foam cell formation through upregulation of CXCL16/SR-PSOX. CXCR6 expression in the plaque confirms the presence of cells able to respond to CXCL16. Therefore, this chemokine/scavenger receptor could serve as a molecular link between lipid metabolism and immune activity in the atherosclerotic lesion.
Medium-chain Triglyceride Supplementation Exacerbates Peritonitis-Induced Septic Shock in Rats: Role on Cell Membrane Remodeling

ABSTRACT Background and aims: Lipid emulsions for parenteral nutrition interfere with immunity and may alter the cell plasma membrane and microparticle release, thus modulating their biological effects. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of two lipid emulsions for parenteral nutrition containing either a mixture of long- and medium-chain triglycerides (LCTs and MCTs) or LCTs only, to assess their role on microparticle release and acute inflammation during septic shock in rats. Methods and results: Septic rats (cecal ligation and puncture) and sham rats were infused with 5% dextrose or a lipid emulsion during 22 h. After 18 h, rats were resuscitated during 4 h and hemodynamic parameters monitored. Circulating microparticles and their phenotype were measured by prothrombinase assay; heart and aorta were collected for Western blotting and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements. No significant effect of lipid emulsions was observed in sham rats. In septic rats, norepinephrine requirements were increased in MCT/LCT-infused rats compared with 5% dextrose- or LCT-infused rats (2.7 ± 0.2 vs. 1.9 ± 0.8 and 1.2 ± 0.3 &mgr;g/kg per minute, respectively; P < 0.05) with increased procoagulant microparticle generation (38.6 ± 5.8 vs. 18.8 ± 3.1 and 19.2 ± 3.0 nM equivalent phosphatidylserine [Eq PhtdSer]; P < 0.05), leukocyte- (17.4 ± 3.5 vs. 7.7 ± 1.8 and 6.0 ± 1.1 nM Eq PhtdSer; P < 0.05), platelet- (13.9 ± 2.5 vs. 4.4 ± 0.7 and 5.4 ± 1.3 nM Eq PhtdSer; P < 0.05), and endothelial-derived microparticles (16.9 ± 3.6 vs. 6.4 ± 1.4 and 5.6 ± 0.8 nM Eq PhtdSer; P < 0.05). The mixture of MCTs/LCTs significantly increased cardiac and vascular nitric oxide and superoxide anion production, phosphorylated I&kgr;B, and cyclooxygenase 2 expression compared with the lipid emulsion containing only LCTs. Conclusions: Compared with 5% dextrose, MCT/LCT supplementation during septic shock in rats induced deleterious effects with increased inflammation and cell activation, associated to vascular hyporeactivity. During septic shock, LCT supplementation seemed to be neutral compared with 5% dextrose infusion.
Asymptotically fast computation of subresultants

Daniel Reischert Institut fur Informatik II University of Bonn Romerstrafie 164, D--53117 Bonn, Germany daniel~cs. uni-bonn. de http: //web. cs . bonn. edu/II/staff /daniel A new non-modular algorithm for the computation of (sub-) resultants is proposed. It combines the technique of half– gcd and the structure of subresultants This leads to running time of 0(n2+C sl+’ ) in the case of univariate polynomials of degree n with coefficients of size s. Brown’s and Collins’ no~l-modu]ar algorithm needs time of 0(rz3+C sl ‘c) for this task, if fast multiplication methods are used. An analogous speed–up is obtained in the multivariate case.
Micro-Texture Synthesis by Phase Randomization

This contribution is concerned with texture synthesis by example, the process of generating new texture images from a given sample. The Random Phase Noise algorithm presented here synthesizes a texture from an original image by simply randomizing its Fourier phase. It is able to reproduce textures which are characterized by their Fourier modulus, namely the random phase textures (or micro-textures).
REALIZED VOLATILITY WHEN SAMPLING TIMES ARE POSSIBLY ENDOGENOUS

When estimating integrated volatilities based on high-frequency data, simplifying assumptions are usually imposed on the relationship between the observation times and the price process. In this paper, we establish a central limit theorem for the realized volatility in a general endogenous time setting. We also establish a central limit theorem for the tricity under the hypothesis that there is no endogeneity, based on which we propose a test and document that this endogeneity is present in financial data.
Popliteal fossa reconstruction with a medial sural artery perforator free flap using the medial sural vessel as the recipient

Abstract Background: Reconstruction of the popliteal fossa using a free flap is challenging. Therefore, to facilitate easier free flap reconstruction of the popliteal fossa, we use a medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) free flap with a medial sural vessel as the recipient vessel, as it provides several advantages based on many reports. Methods: This report describes the authors’ experience and outcomes with this technique. Between October 2010 and January 2015, 10 patients with medium-sized defects in their popliteal fossa underwent MSAP free flap reconstruction using the medial sural vessel as the recipient vessel. The flap size and thickness were evaluated, as well as the pedicle length, for each case. Results: The skin flap sizes ranged from 60–112 cm2. The average flap thickness was 6 mm (range = 4–8 mm), and the average pedicle length was 7.5 cm (range = 6–9 cm). Full flap survival was observed in nine cases, and flap tip necrosis was observed in one case during a mean follow-up of 15 months (range = 3–36 months). MSAP free flap reconstruction was performed for moderate-sized defects in the popliteal fossa, using the medial sural vessel as the recipient vessel. Conclusion: The obvious advantages of this technique included simple vascular anastomosis (minimal size discrepancy), no intraoperative position changes, and good aesthetic outcomes (replacing like with like).
Blimp-1 directly represses Il2 and the Il2 activator Fos, attenuating T cell proliferation and survival

Mice with a T cell–specific deletion of Prdm1, encoding Blimp-1, have aberrant T cell homeostasis and develop fatal colitis. In this study, we show that one critical activity of Blimp-1 in T cells is to repress IL-2, and that it does so by direct repression of Il2 transcription, and also by repression of Fos transcription. Using these mechanisms Blimp-1 participates in an autoregulatory loop by which IL-2 induces Prdm1 expression and thus represses its own expression after T cell activation, ensuring that the immune response is appropriately controlled. This activity of Blimp-1 is important for cytokine deprivation–induced T cell death and for attenuating T cell proliferation in antigen-specific responses both in vitro and in vivo.
Effect of Premature Depolarization on the Duration of Action Potentials in Purkinje and Ventricular Fibers of the Moderator Band of the Pig Heart: ROLE OF PROXIMITY AND THE DURATION OF THE PRECEDING ACTION POTENTIAL

We compared premature and nonpremature action potentials in Purkinje and ventricular fibers from the moderator band of the pig heart to determine if the duration of premature action potentials depended on factors other than preceding cycle length. In Purkinje fibers, the duration of premature action potentials was cycle-length dependent in responses originating more than 100 msec after the preceding repolarization, but the duration of earlier responses was less than the cycle-length−dependent duration. This cycle-length−independent shortening of premature responses increased with greater proximity to the preceding repolarization and increasing duration of the preceding action potential. In ventricular fibers, the duration of premature action potentials was greater than the cycle-length−dependent duration. This cycle-length−independent lengthening increased as the duration of the preceding action potential increased; it also depended on proximity, being greatest when proximity ranged between 26 and 275 msec. The difference between the durations of simultaneously recorded Purkinje and ventricular action potentials decreased as prematurity increased, but the earliest premature Purkinje action potential was consistently shorter than the simultaneously recorded ventricular action potential. Thus, premature stimulation produced different effects in Purkinje and ventricular fibers. However, in both fibers, the deviation of the duration of premature action potentials from the cycle-length-dependent duration was determined, at least in part, by the duration of the preceding action potential and proximity.
Performance analysis of selective decode and forward protocol with partner selection

Cooperative diversity is a technique that mitigates fading without additional cost, hardware and complexity. A cooperative diversity system having a source, multiple relays and a destination is considered. The end-to-end symbol error probability SEP of a full channel state information CSI selection combining scheme for cooperative communication, with selective decode and forward S-DF relaying for binary phase-shift keying BPSK symbol in a flat Rayleigh fading environment, is derived. Here, the effect of source-to-relay channel is included in the error analysis of cooperative diversity systems with selection combining. The threshold for S-DF is set with ratio factor α. On the basis of the optimised α value, the partner selection is performed. This scheme offers better SEP when compared with conventional selection combining scheme.
Anticodon-like binding of the HIV-1 tRNA-like element to human lysyl-tRNA synthetase

A critical step in the HIV-1 lifecycle involves reverse transcription of the viral genomic RNA (gRNA). Human tRNALys3 serves as a primer for transcription initiation and is selectively enriched in virus particles. Human lysyl-tRNA synthetase (hLysRS) is also packaged into virions. Recently, a tRNA-like element (TLE) within the HIV-1 gRNA was shown to mimic the global tRNA fold and bind competitively to hLysRS, suggesting a mechanism of tRNA targeting to the primer binding site (PBS) and release from the synthetase. Here, we use NMR to investigate hLysRS anticodon-binding domain (ACB) binding to six RNA oligonucleotides, including a hairpin derived from the HIV-1 gRNA TLE. We show that ACB interacts with submicromolar affinity to U-rich RNA oligonucleotides—the tRNALys3 anticodon stem–loop (ACSL), the WT TLE, and a nonanucleotide, U9. In contrast, the ACB bound only weakly to two TLE loop mutants and a C9 nonanucleotide. NMR chemical shift perturbations induced by each RNA indicate that the ACSL and the WT TLE both interact with the ACB in a strikingly similar manner. Taken together, these findings support the conclusion that tRNA mimicry by the HIV-1 genome leads to a highly specific protein–RNA interaction that facilitates efficient primer release from hLysRS prior to reverse transcription.
Photothermal Microactuators Fabricated by LIGA Technology

A novel microactuator based on photothermal expansion is introduced, which is actuated by laser beam eliminating external circuit. The mechanism of the photothermal expansion is theoretically analyzed, and the working principle of a U-shaped photothermal microactuator with two arms is introduced and the lateral deflection is calculated. LIGA technology involving X-ray lithography and electroplating is introduced to fabricate photothermal microactuators. The fabrication process with LIGA technology is introduced and important details such as X-ray mask and electroplating are discussed. Photothermal microactuators with different structures are fabricated by LIGA technology at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF) and tests are carried out with laser beam. The deflection of a V-shaped photothermal microactuator of Ni material can reach 25.8 μm under the control of a 1064 nm, 800 mW laser and a U-shaped can reach about 11 μm at an 808 nm, 600 mW laser.
Locality constrained low-rank representation for hyperspectral image classification

This paper addresses the problem of hyperspectral image classification with the low-rank representation (LRR) which has been widely applied in computer vision and pattern recognition. As is known, it has been proved to be effective in subspace segmentation under the assumption that all the subspaces are mutually independent. Nevertheless, in practical applications, this assumption could hardly be guaranteed. In this paper, to sidestep this limitation, we simultaneously exploit the spectral similarity and spatial information of pixels to design a local constraint as the regularizer of LRR, which is referred to as the locality constrained LRR (LCLRR). The experimental results on the AVIRIS hyperspectral image confirm the effectiveness of our proposed method.
SIGGRAPH Course 2014 — Skinning: Real-time Shape Deformation Part II: Automatic Skinning via Constrained Energy Optimization

The traditional character skinning pipeline is labor intensive. We may break the pipeline into three main steps to see where professional riggers and animators spend the most time, and consequently where modern automatic methods will take over or assist. Let us recall the linear blend skinning formula so we may track how each step affects a character’s deformation (see Figure 1). The new position of a point v′ on the shape is computed as the weighted sum of handle transformations applied to its rest position v:
Attaining Doppler Precision of 10 cm s-1 with a Lock-in Amplified Spectrometer

We explore the radial velocity performance benefits of coupling starlight to a fast-scanning interferometer and a fast-readout spectrometer with zero readout noise. By rapidly scanning an interferometer, we can decouple wavelength calibration errors from precise radial velocity measurements, exploiting the advantages of lock-in amplification. In a Bayesian framework, we investigate the correlation between wavelength calibration errors and resulting radial velocity errors. We construct an end-to-end simulation of this approach to address the feasibility of achieving 10 cm s-1 radial velocity precision on a typical Sun-like star using existing, 5 m-class telescopes. We find that such a precision can be reached in a single night, opening up possibilities for ground-based detections of Earth-Sun analog systems.
Competitive Advantages and Strategic Information Systems

Information edge and 3 rd millennium predisposed so many of revolutions. Business organization with emphasize on information systems is try to gathering desirable information for decision making. Because of comprehensive change in business background and emerge of computers and internet, the business structure and needed information had change, the competitiveness as a major factor for life of organizations in information edge is preyed of information technology challenges. In this article we have reviewed in the literature of information systems and discussed the concepts of information system as a strategic tool.
Systematic Screens for Proteins That Interact with the Mucolipidosis Type IV Protein TRPML1

Mucolipidosis type IV is a lysosomal storage disorder resulting from mutations in the MCOLN1 gene, which encodes the endosomal/lysosomal Transient Receptor Potential channel protein mucolipin-1/TRPML1. Cells isolated from Mucolipidosis type IV patients and grown in vitro and in in vivo models of this disease both show several lysosome-associated defects. However, it is still unclear how TRPML1 regulates the transport steps implicated by these defects. Identifying proteins that associate with TRPML1 will facilitate the elucidation of its cellular and biochemical functions. We report here two saturation screens for proteins that interact with TRPML1: one that is based on immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry and the other using a genetic yeast two-hybrid approach. From these screens, we identified largely non-overlapping proteins, which represent potential TRPML1-interactors. , Using additional interaction assays on some of the potential interactors from each screen, we validated some proteins as candidate TRPML1 interactors In addition, our analysis indicates that each of the two screens not only identified some false-positive interactors, as expected from any screen, but also failed to uncover potential TRPML1 interactors. Future studies on the true interactors, first identified in these screens, will help elucidate the structure and function of protein complexes containing TRPML1.
Dynamics of solid dispersions in oil during the lubrication of point of contacts. Part 2: Molybdenum disulfide

A Hertzian contact consisting of a steel ball in contact with a glass disk is lubricated with MoS2 dispersions and observed by optical microscopy at various slide/roll conditions. In general the behavior of MoS2 and graphite are similar. That is, the solids tend to enter the contact and form a film on the contacting surfaces whenever a rolling component of motion is used, but solid particles seldom enter the contact during pure sliding. The MoS2 has more pronounced plastic flow behavior than graphite. However, the polished steel ball is more readily scratched by MoS2 than by graphite. Under the conditions of these studies, lower friction and wear are observed with pure oil rather than with the dispersions. However under other conditions (such as different contact geometry or rougher surfaces) the solid lubricant dispersions might be beneficial.