Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Game of Humor: A Comprehensive Theory of Why We Laugh

Humor, wit, and laughter surround each person. From everyday quips to the carefully contrived comedy of literature, newspapers, and television we experience humor in many forms, yet the impetus for our laughter is far from innocuous. Misfortune, stupidity, and moral or cultural defects, however faintly revealed in others and ourselves, seem to make us laugh. Although discomforting, such negative terms as superiority, aggression, hostility, ridicule, or degradation can be applied to instances of humor. According to scholars, Thomas Hobbes's "superiority theory"--that humor arises from mischances, infirmities, and indecencies, where there is no wit at all--applies to most humor. With the exception of good-natured play, Charles R. Gruner claims that humor is rarely as innocent as it first appears. Gruner's proposed superiority theory of humor is all-encompassing. In The Game of Humor, he expands the scope of Hobbes's theory to include and explore the contest aspect of "good-natured" play. As such, the author believes all instances of humor can be examined as games, in terms of competition and keeping score--winners and losers. Gruner draws on a broad spectrum of thought-provoking examples. Holocaust jokes, sexual humor, the racialist dialogue of such comic characters as Stepin Fetchit and Archie Bunker, simple puns, and many of the author's own encounters with everyday humor. Gruner challenges the reader to offer a single example of humor that cannot be "de-humorized" by its agonistic nature. The Game of Humor makes intriguing and enjoyable reading for people interested in humor and the aspects of human motivation. This book will also be valuable to professionals in communication and information studies, sociologists, literary critics and linguists, and psychologists concerned with the conflicts and tensions of everyday life.
Home Treatment of Deep Venous Thrombosis in the Era of New Oral Anticoagulants

This is a retrospective cohort study of adults with a primary diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) unaccompanied by pulmonary embolism (PE), seen in 4 emergency departments in 2013 and part of 2014. The purpose was to assess the prevalence of home treatment of DVT in the present era of new oral anticoagulants. Among 96 patients with DVT and no PE, 85 (88.5%) were hospitalized and 11 (11.5%) were discharged to home. Most of the patients discharged to home received low-molecular-weight heparin, 9 (81.8%) of 11. None were prescribed new oral anticoagulants. Early discharge in ≤2 days occurred 28 (32.9%) of 85 patients. Most (64.3%) received enoxaparin and/or warfarin at early discharge. Rivaroxaban was prescribed in 7 (25.0%) of those discharged in ≤2 days. We conclude that in some emergency departments, patients with DVT are uncommonly discharged to home even though new oral anticoagulants are available.
Selection of a planning horizon for a hybrid microgrid using simulated wind forecasts

Hybrid microgrids containing renewable energy sources represent a promising option for organizations wishing to reduce costs while increasing energy security and islanding time. A prime example of such an organization is the U.S. military, which often operates in isolated areas and whose reliance on a fragile commercial electric grid is seen as a security risk. However, incorporating renewable sources into a microgrid is difficult due to their typically intermittent and unpredictable nature. We use simulation techniques to investigate the performance of a hypothetical hybrid microgrid containing both wind turbines and fossil fuel based power sources. Our simulation model produces realistic weather forecast scenarios, which we use to exercise our optimization model and predict optimal grid performance. We perform a sensitivity analysis and find that for day-ahead planning, longer planning horizons are superior to shorter planning horizons, but this improvement diminishes as the length of the planning horizon increases.
Chemokine receptor CCR5 expression in conjunctival epithelium of patients with dry eye syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To characterize chemokine receptor CCR5 expression on the conjunctival epithelium in dry eye syndromes. METHODS Conjunctival impression cytology samples were obtained from normal subjects (n = 15) and patients with dry eye syndrome (n = 45). Cells were harvested from impression cytology samples, and flow cytometry was performed to quantitatively analyze the cell surface expression of chemokine receptor CCR5. Characterization of CCR5-positive cells was done by 2-color flow cytometry using fluorescein-conjugated anti-CCR5 and phycoerythrin-conjugated anti-CD45 antibodies (where CD45 is a marker for bone marrow-derived cells). To study CCR5 messenger RNA transcripts, real-time polymerase chain reaction was done on RNA isolated from the impression cytology samples of normal subjects (n = 5) and patients with dry eye syndrome (n = 14). RESULTS We found significant up-regulation in cell surface expression of CCR5 in patients with both aqueous tear-deficient and evaporative forms of dry eye syndrome (P<.001). The real-time polymerase chain reaction results (for messenger RNA) corroborated the flow cytometry data (for protein). The majority of the cells expressing CCR5 were non-bone marrow-derived resident epithelial cells of the conjunctiva. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CCR5 up-regulation is significantly associated with dry eye syndrome-associated ocular surface disease. Clinical Relevance Chemokine receptor CCR5 or its ligands may serve as useful targets for modulation of tissue immunoinflammatory responses in dry eye syndromes.
Initial deployment of a robotic team - a hierarchical approach under communication constraints verified on low-cost platforms

In most real multi-robot applications, e.g., search-and-rescue, cooperative robots have to fulfill their tasks while driving and communicating among themselves without the aid of a network infrastructure. However, initially deploying autonomously a wireless sensor robot network in a real environment has not taken the proper attention. This paper presents an autonomous and realistic initial deployment strategy, based on a hierarchical approach, in which exploring agents, denoted as scouts, are autonomously deployed through explicit cooperation with supporting agents, denoted as rangers. To evaluate the initial deployment strategy proposed, experimental results with a team of heterogeneous robots are conducted using modified low-cost platforms previously developed by the authors. Preliminary results show the effectiveness of the method and pave the way for a whole series of possible new approaches.
Identifying Employee Turnover Risks Using Modified Quality Function Deployment

Employee turnover is costly in terms of direct costs and indirect costs faced by organizations. Thus, researchers have investigated turnover for more than two decades. Different methods have been proposed to identify employee turnover risk. However, reducing and preventing employee turnover is still one of the biggest challenges to organizations. Quality function deployment (QFD) method is a systems approach to quality engineering. Employee turnover risk identification mainly involves employee turnover risk factors modelling, identifying risk factors' index, and determining index weights. In this paper, we propose a multi-level employee turnover risk identification model using modified QFD method. This study contributes to the QFD and employee turnover research literature and provides practical guidance to business practitioners. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A NEW METHOD FOR DETECTING SPECIES ASSOCIATIONS WITH SPATIALLY AUTOCORRELATED DATA

Many organisms display patchiness in their distribution patterns over a wide range of spatial scales. Patchy distribution patterns can be caused by processes such as growth, migration, reproduction, and mortality, which result in neighboring areas being more likely to contain a species than distant areas, a phenomenon known as positive spatial autocorrelation. When species are patchily distributed, the within-species spatial random- ness assumptions of the standard statistical tests for detecting species associations are seriously violated. Using these tests under such circumstances can lead to incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis. To address this problem we introduce a new test for detecting species associations—the random patterns test. This test takes into account spatial autocorrelation by including the characteristics of the spatial pattern of each species into the null model. A randomization procedure was used to generate the null distribution of the test statistic. The random patterns test is illustrated with data collected from an herbaceous understory community of a Eucalyptus forest near Canberra, Australia.
FAQ sobre la adaptación de asignaturas al EEES: docencia centrada en el aprendizaje del estudiante

Muchas son las preguntas y las dudas que se plantean los profesores a la hora de adaptar una asignatura al Espacio Europeo de Educacion Superior. Pasar de un modelo de docencia centrado en la ensenanza (en el profesor) a un modelo centrado en el aprendizaje (en el estudiante) plantea diferentes tipos de preguntas, que suelen repetirse en todos los foros de discusion. Algunas de estas preguntas tienen que ver con los nuevos metodos docentes (en que se basan, que ventajas aportan, como se implementan…). Otras tienen que ver con la dificultad de implantar los nuevos enfoques en el contexto actual de nuestra universidad, con los estudiantes que nos llegan y con los profesores que tenemos. En este documento respondemos a 23 de estas preguntas tipicas, agrupadas en los dos apartados comentados, con la esperanza de que las respuestas ayuden a los profesores a adaptar sus asignaturas al nuevo entorno. FAQ on how to adapt subjects to the EHEA: teaching centered on student learning Abstract Professors that have to adapt their subjects to the European Area of Higher Education. Changing from a educational model centered on teaching (on the professor) to a model centered on the learning (on the student) raises several types of questions, that get repeated in all the discussion forums. Some of these questions refer to the new teaching methods (what are they based on, what advantages do they have, how are they implenmented…). Other deal with the difficulty of establiching the new views in the current context of our university, with the students that enroll, with the faculty that we have. In this document we answer 23 of these typical questions, grouped into the two mentioned sections, with the hope that the answers will help professors to adapt their courses to the new environment.
The N‐end rule pathway and regulation by proteolysis

The N‐end rule relates the regulation of the in vivo half‐life of a protein to the identity of its N‐terminal residue. Degradation signals (degrons) that are targeted by the N‐end rule pathway include a set called N‐degrons. The main determinant of an N‐degron is a destabilizing N‐terminal residue of a protein. In eukaryotes, the N‐end rule pathway is a part of the ubiquitin system and consists of two branches, the Ac/N‐end rule and the Arg/N‐end rule pathways. The Ac/N‐end rule pathway targets proteins containing Nα‐terminally acetylated (Nt‐acetylated) residues. The Arg/N‐end rule pathway recognizes unacetylated N‐terminal residues and involves N‐terminal arginylation. Together, these branches target for degradation a majority of cellular proteins. For example, more than 80% of human proteins are cotranslationally Nt‐acetylated. Thus, most proteins harbor a specific degradation signal, termed AcN‐degron, from the moment of their birth. Specific N‐end rule pathways are also present in prokaryotes and in mitochondria. Enzymes that produce N‐degrons include methionine‐aminopeptidases, caspases, calpains, Nt‐acetylases, Nt‐amidases, arginyl‐transferases, and leucyl‐transferases. Regulated degradation of specific proteins by the N‐end rule pathway mediates a legion of physiological functions, including the sensing of heme, oxygen, and nitric oxide; selective elimination of misfolded proteins; the regulation of DNA repair, segregation, and condensation; the signaling by G proteins; the regulation of peptide import, fat metabolism, viral and bacterial infections, apoptosis, meiosis, spermatogenesis, neurogenesis, and cardiovascular development; and the functioning of adult organs, including the pancreas and the brain. Discovered 25 years ago, this pathway continues to be a fount of biological insights.
FoxP 2 in songbirds

Humans with mutations in the transcription factor FOXP2 display a severe speech disorder. Songbirds are a powerful model system to study FoxP2. Like humans, songbirds communicate via vocalizations that are imitatively learned during critical periods and this learning is influenced by social factors and relies on functionally lateralized neural circuits. During the past five years significant progress has been made moving from a descriptive to a more mechanistic understanding of how FoxP2 functions in songbirds. Current evidence from molecular and electrophysiological studies indicates that FoxP2 is important for shaping synaptic plasticity of specific neuron populations. One future goal will be to identify the transcriptional regulation orchestrated by FoxP2 and its associated molecular network that brings about these physiological effects. This will be key to further unravel how FoxP2 influences synaptic function and thereby contributes to auditory guided vocal motor behavior in the songbird model.
Active Management in Mostly Efficient Markets

This survey of the literature on the value of active management shows that the average active manager does not outperform but that a significant minority of active managers do add value. Further, studies suggest that investors may be able to identify superior active managers (SAMs) in advance by using public information. Investors who can identify SAMs should be able to improve their overall Sharpe ratio by including a meaningful exposure to active strategies. Our review of academic studies of active management has produced the following findings and recommendations: Active returns across managers and time probably average close to zero, net of fees and other expenses. This finding is what we should expect in a mostly efficient market, in which fierce competition among active managers drives average (net) active returns toward zero in equilibrium. By keeping markets efficient, however, active management provides a critical function in modern capitalist economies: Efficient, rational capital allocation improves economic growth and leads to increased wealth for society as a whole. Thus, to keep the competition fierce, the rewards to superior (as opposed to average) active management must be rich indeed, as in fact they are—for both the manager and the ultimate investor. Superior managers earn high fees and often share in their added value, whereas inferior managers are soon bereft of both clients and fees. Investors who engage active managers can earn positive alphas with modest additional risk on a total portfolio basis (i.e., an attractive incremental return–risk ratio). But this benefit comes at a cost—the risk that active returns may prove negative and lead to lower terminal wealth. Investors can lessen this risk by using some of the research we discuss in the article. In particular, studies suggest that investors may be able to identify superior active managers (SAMs) ex ante by considering (1) past performance (properly adjusted), (2) macroeconomic correlations, (3) fund/manager characteristics, and (4) analyses of fund holdings. We suspect that using a combination of these approaches will produce better results than following any one approach exclusively. Active management will always have a place in “mostly efficient” markets. Hence, investors who can identify SAMs should always expect to earn a relative return advantage. Further, this alpha can have a substantial impact on returns with only a modest impact on total portfolio risk. Finding such managers is not easy or simple—it requires going well beyond assessing past returns—but academic studies indicate that it can be done.
Distinguishing sliding from slipping during object pushing

The advent of advanced tactile sensing technology triggered the development of methods to employ them for grasp evaluation, online slip detection, and tactile servoing. In contrast to recent approaches to slip detection, distinguishing slip from non-slip conditions, we consider the more difficult task of distinguishing different types of slippage. Particularly we consider an object pushing task, where forces can only be applied from the top. In that case, the robot needs to notice when the object successfully moves vs. when the object gets stuck while the finger slips over its surface. As an example, consider the task of pushing around a piece of paper. We propose and evaluate three different convolutional network architectures and proof the applicability of the method for online classification in a robot pushing task.
Glycaemic index and glycaemic load in the diet of healthy schoolchildren: trends from 1990 to 2002, contribution of different carbohydrate sources and relationships to dietary quality

Despite intense discussion of the glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) concepts, data on the GI or GL levels in the diet of children are scarce. The present analysis determined trends in the levels of GI or GL of healthy children from 1990 to 2002 and examined the contribution of carbohydrate (CHO) sources to the overall GL, and the relationships of the GI and GL to the overall dietary quality. The analysis includes three cohorts of participants from the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometrical Longitudinally Designed study, aged 7–8 years in 1990 (n 53), 1996 (n 46) and 2002 (n 56). A GI value was assigned to all CHO foods recorded over three consecutive days. In comparison with 1990, 7–8-year-old children in 2002 had slightly higher GI (56·5 v. 55·1%; P=0·03) and GL (17·5 v. 16·7g/MJ; P=0·04) levels. In all three time periods the combined contribution of the ‘tolerated food groups’ (i.e. sweets, soft drinks, cakes and cookies, and salty snacks) to the overall GL exceeded that of bread and rolls (1990, 31 v. 24%; 1996, 29 v. 31%; 2002, 28 v. 25%). Conversely, rice and fried or mashed potatoes had only a minor impact. Children in the lowest GI tertile, but not those in the lowest GL tertile, had a better nutrient profile and a more favourable food choice. In conclusion, partial replacement of high-GI ‘tolerated food groups’ for low-GI foods would help to reverse the slight recent increases in GI and GL, and to improve the overall dietary quality of 7–8-year-old children.
Measurement of Social Capital and Growth

This paper develops a measure of social capital based on economic relationships and analyzes its effects on growth. Investment in social capital is modeled by using the conceptual framework for measuring physical capital services. The measure of social capital depends on expectations of income, its investment cost, inequality in society, the density of trust networks, the size of the social network and the rate of depreciation of social capital. With this methodology a database is constructed for 23 OECD countries covering the period 1970-2001 and the positive effectof social capital on economic growth is tested.
Spatial mapping of splicing factor complexes involved in exon and intron definition

We have analyzed the interaction between serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins and splicing components that recognize either the 5′ or 3′ splice site. Previously, these interactions have been extensively characterized biochemically and are critical for both intron and exon definition. We use fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy to identify interactions of individual SR proteins with the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP)–associated 70-kD protein (U1 70K) and with the small subunit of the U2 snRNP auxiliary factor (U2AF35) in live-cell nuclei. We find that these interactions occur in the presence of RNA polymerase II inhibitors, demonstrating that they are not exclusively cotranscriptional. Using FRET imaging by means of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), we map these interactions to specific sites in the nucleus. The FLIM data also reveal a previously unknown interaction between HCC1, a factor related to U2AF65, with both subunits of U2AF. Spatial mapping using FLIM-FRET reveals differences in splicing factors interactions within complexes located in separate subnuclear domains.
The Activity-Based Computing Project

This position paper describes the Activity-Based Computing (ABC) project which has been ongoing in Denmark since 2003. Originally, the project took its outset in the design of a pervasive computing platform suited for the mobile, collaborative, and time-critical work of clinicians in a hospital setting. Out of this grew a conceptual framework, a set of six ABC principles, and a programming and runtime framework for the development of activity-based computing infrastructures and applications. Lately, these principles and technologies have been successfully moved to other application areas, and is now used to design and implement activity-based computing support for work in a biology laboratory and for global software development.
Understanding and Treating Dissociative Identity Disorder: A Relational Approach

Introduction. Part I: Understanding Dissociative Identity Disorder. The Lives and Psychotherapy of Three People with DID. The Dynamic Unconscious and the Dissociative Structure of the Mind. "The 'We' of Me:" Personality Organization in DID. DID is a Trauma Disorder. Dissociated Self-states, Trauma, and Disorganized Attachment. Some Neurobiological Correlates of the Structure and Psychodynamics of Dissociated Self-states. Dissociated Self-states: Creation and Contexualization. Part II: Treating Dissociative Identity Disorder. Assessment and Diagnosis of DID. Phase-oriented Treatment. Facilitating Co-consciousness and Co-participation in the Treatment. Working with Persecutory Alters and Identification with the Aggressor. The Therapeutic Relationship: Multiple Dimensions of Co-construction. Dreams in DID. Suicidality. Comorbidity and Seeming Comorbidity: Problematic Outcomes of Severe and Rigid Dissociative Structuring of the Mind.
Big Data Processing Systems: State-of-the-Art and Open Challenges

The growing demand for large-scale data processing and data analysis applications spurred the development of novel solutions from both the industry and academia. In the last decade, the MapReduce framework has emerged as a highly successful framework that has created a lot of momentum in both the research and industrial communities such that it has become the defacto standard of big data processing platforms. In particular, the MapReduce framework has been introduced to provide a simple but powerful programming model and runtime environment that eases the job of developing scalable parallel applications to process vast amounts of data on large clusters of commodity machines. However, recently, academia and industry have started to recognize the limitations of the Hadoop framework in several application domains such as large scale processing of structured data, graph data and streaming data. Thus, in recent years, we have witnessed an unprecedented interest to tackle these challenges which constitutes a new wave of domain-specific optimized big data processing platforms. To better understand the latest ongoing developments in the world of big data processing systems, in this paper, we provide a detailed overview and analysis of the state-of-the-art in this domain. In addition, we identify a set of the current open research challenges and discuss some promising directions for future research.