Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KINERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN

ABSTRAK NUR PUTI KURNIAWATI. Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kinerja Penyuluh Pertanian. Di bawah bimbingan DWI SADONO dan ENDANG SRI WAHYUNI. Penyuluh pertanian merupakan ujung tombak utama dalam melaksanakan penyuluhan. Hal tersebut dikarenakan, seorang penyuluh pertanian berinteraksi langsung dengan sasaran penyuluhan dalam menyampaikan informasi maupun teknologi pertanian. Seorang penyuluh pertanian yang baik dapat tercermin dari kinerja penyuluh pertanian itu sendiri. Kinerja penyuluh pertanian tentunya dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Tujuan dari penulisan studi pustaka ini adalah untuk mensintesis konsep-konsep yang digunakan dalam mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kinerja penyuluh pertanian. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan studi pustaka ini adalah metode analisa pada data sekunder yang relevan dengan topik studi pustaka sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kinerja penyuluh pertanian dapat dikategorikan menjadi tiga kategori, yakni: karakteristik penyuluh, kompetensi penyuluh, dan motivasi penyuluh. Karakteristik penyuluh terdiri dari: usia, jenis kelamin, masa kerja/pengalaman kerja, pendidikan, pelatihan, dan pengetahuan. Kompetensi penyuluh terdiri dari: kompetensi manajerial, kompetensi sosial, kompetensi teknis, dan kompetensi stratejik/ intelektual. Motivasi penyuluh terdiri dari: kebutuhan untuk berprestasi, kebutuhan akan kekuasaan, kebutuhan untuk berafiliasi. Kata Kunci: Kinerja, Kompetensi, Karakteristik, Motivasi, Penyuluh Pertanian ABSTRACT NUR PUTI KURNIAWATI. Factors Affecting Agricultural Extension Performance. Under the guidance of DWI SADONO and ENDANG SRI WAHYUNI. Agricultural extension workers are the main spearhead in the extension process. It is, an agricultural extension officer with an interactive target of information disclosure and agricultural technology. A good agricultural extension agent can be reflected from the performance of agricultural extension workers themselves. Agricultural extension performance is certainly influenced by various factors. The purpose of this literature study is to synthesize the concepts used in factors influencing the performance of agricultural extension workers. Method of support, extension, and motivation of extension workers. Factors extension, perception of extension, and motivator extension. The characteristics of extension workers consist of: age, gender, length of work / work experience, education, training, and knowledge. The extension's competence consists of: managerial competence, social competence, technical competence, and strategic / intellectual competence. Motivation of: the need for achievement, the need for power, the need to affiliate Keywords: Performance, Competence, Characteristics, Motivation, Agricultural Extension
Impact Factor 2.0: Applying Social Network Analysis to Scientific Impact Assessment

Social media are becoming increasingly popular in scientific communication. A range of platforms are geared specifically towards the academic community. Proponents of the altmetrics approach point out that these new media allow for new avenues of scientific impact assessment. Traditional impact measures based on bibliographic analysis have long been criticized for overlooking the relational dynamic of scientific impact. We therefore propose an application of social network analysis to researchers' interactions on an academic social networking site in order to generate new metrics of scientific impact. Based on a case study conducted among a sample of Swiss management scholars, we analyze how these new relational metrics relate to traditional, offline impact indicators as well as online communication activity and publication resonance. We conclude that a relational approach based on social network analysis may add richness and differentiation to scientific impact assessment.
Determinants of Effective SMS Advertising: An Experimental Study

ABSTRACT Mobile advertising has become one of the most popular applications in mobile commerce, particularly in the form of text advertising through SMS (Short Messaging Service). However, in the study of mobile advertising little is known regarding the effectiveness of SMS advertising and the factors contributing to its success. This research investigates the significance of a number of factors associated with SMS advertising effectiveness through an experimental study. The findings indicate that incentive, interactivity, appeal, product involvement, and attitude toward SMS advertising in general directly influence attitude toward the advertisement, attitude toward the brand, and purchase intention. The results of the study suggest that a stronger focus on these factors is necessary to improve the effectiveness of SMS advertising campaigns.
An FPGA-Based Robotics Platform for Educational and Research Applications

This paper presents a robotics platform in its hardware and software aspects. The platform applications are for both educational and research fields. It includes three modules: mechanical module, hardware module and software module, being the latter two modules the subject of this paper. The hardware is based on FPGA and described through VHDL, aiming flexibility of prototyping and feasibility of structural changes. We use a DE2 development board to base the prototype and a Nios II soft processor to run application algorithms. In order to read analog signals, we employ a PWM reading technique. Based on a Lego Mindstorms NXT ® motor we calculated a mathematical model and projected PI control modules for them. On all this hardware approach is developed a programming environment for the platform. The environment is based on programmable blocks, that once logically united generate a hidden C source file as firmware of the robot. Downloads of application are performed through the USB-Blaster component and tools provided by the Altera Company.
Spirituality, Social Support, Pride, and Contentment as Differential Predictors of Resilience and Life Satisfaction in Emerging Adulthood

This study addressed the possible differential impact of various types of spirituality, perceived social support, and positive emotions on resilience and life satisfaction in emerging adulthood. Undergraduates at two universities (N = 428) completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10; Connor & Davidson, 2003); Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS; Diener et al., 1985); Spirituality Scale (Delaney, 2005) to assess intrapersonal, interpersonal, and transpersonal types of spirituality; Multidimensional Scale of Social Support (MSPSS; Zimet et al., 1988) to assess perceived social support; and Dispositional Positive Emotions Scale (DPES; Shiota et al., 2006) to assess various positive emotions. As hypothesized, intrapersonal spirituality, perceived social support, and positive emotions predicted both resilience and life satisfaction, but differed in their relative contributions to each type of well-being. Intrapersonal spirituality and pride predicted resilience, but perceived social support predicted resilience primarily as mediated through positive emotions. Intrapersonal spirituality, perceived social support, and contentment predicted life satisfaction. Resilience and pride predicted life satisfaction only as mediated through contentment. Although transpersonal spirituality and social support may generate resilience in some populations, needs specific to emerging adulthood may favor factors that promote a focus on meaning and purpose in life, independence, and strength.
The Role of Vaspin in the Development of Metabolic and Glucose Tolerance Disorders and Atherosclerosis

In recent years, most research efforts have been focused on studying insulin-sensitizing adipokines. One of the most recently discovered adipokines is vaspin, a visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor. Vaspin levels have been found significantly increased in mice with obesity and insulin resistance. It has been assumed that vaspin serves as an insulin sensitizer with anti-inflammatory effects and might act as a compensatory mechanism in response to decreased insulin sensitivity. Most studies in humans have shown a positive correlation between vaspin gene expression and serum levels, and metabolic syndrome parameters. Vaspin gene expression is influenced by age and gender, and the administration of insulin sensitizers enhances it in mice, whereas the use of metformin decreases serum vaspin levels in humans, probably due to different regulatory mechanisms. Presumably vaspin plays local and endocrine role in the development of initial and advanced atherosclerosis in obese subjects and might be used as a predictor of coronary and cerebrovascular disease. It is believed that vaspin could be regarded as a new link between obesity and related metabolic disorders, including glucose intolerance. The entire understanding of vaspin intimate mechanism of action might enable the development of novel etiology-based treatment strategies, targeting metabolic and glucose tolerance disorders.
Area-efficient 2-D digital filter architectures possessing diagonal and four-fold rotational symmetries

In this paper, two area-efficient two-dimensional (2-D) IIR filter architectures for 2-D transfer function with diagonal and four-fold rotational symmetries are proposed for image processing. For this purpose, two different intermediate transfer functions are applied and the corresponding two new filter architectures are obtained. Under satisfactory average error performance, we determine that the new filter structure requires less multiplier wordlength than the previously published Type-1 filter structure. With the features of less numerator multiplier wordlength and shorter critical path, the proposed diagonal and four-fold rotational symmetry filter architectures can result in 10.17% and 3.35% area reduction with respect to the published Type-1 IIR filter structures with diagonal and four-fold rotational symmetries in terms of synthesis results.
On the Optimality of Valence‐based Connectivity Coding

We show that the average entropy of the distribution of valences in valence sequences for the class of manifold 3D triangle meshes and the class of manifold 3D polygon meshes is strictly less than the entropy of these classes themselves. This implies that, apart from a valence sequence, another essential piece of information is needed for valence‐based connectivity coding of manifold 3D meshes. Since there is no upper bound on the size of this extra piece of information, the result implies that the question of optimality of valence‐based connectivity coding is still open.
Supervised Image Hashing with Proximal Methods

We present a supervised binary encoding scheme for image retrieval that learns projections using a proximal optimization algorithm. We first formulate the problem to minimize reconstruction error between a Gramian matrix formed by binary codes, and a similarity matrix obtained from ground truth labels. We optimize our convex objective using a forwardbackward splitting algorithm with a proximal function that forces the reconstruction to get boxed between -1 and 1 for each step of descent. Thus, diverging from other hashing methods, our method produces naturally binary projections. We evaluate our method on the Cifar-10 image retrieval dataset, and obtain results which strongly compete with state-ofthe-art hashing methods.
Characterization of a Broadly Reactive Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody for Potential Use as an Adjuvant

Lack of safe and effective adjuvants is a major hindrance to the development of efficacious vaccines. Signaling via CD40 pathway leads to enhanced antigen processing and presentation, nitric oxide expression, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by antigen presenting cells, and stimulation of B-cells to undergo somatic hypermutation, immunoglobulin class switching, and proliferation. Agonistic anti-CD40 antibodies have shown promising adjuvant qualities in human and mouse vaccine studies. An anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody (mAb), designated 2E4E4, was identified and shown to have strong agonistic effects on primary cells from multiple livestock species. The mAb recognize swine, bovine, caprine, and ovine CD40, and evoked 25-fold or greater proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from these species relative to cells incubated with an isotype control (p<0.001). In addition, the mAb induced significant nitric oxide (p<0.0001) release by bovine macrophages. Furthermore, the mAb upregulated the expression of MHC-II by PBMCs, and stimulated significant (p<0.0001) IL-1α, IL6, IL-8, and TNF-α expression by PBMCs. These results suggest that the mAb 2E4E4 can target and stimulate cells from multiple livestock species and thus, it is a potential candidate for adjuvant development. This is the first study to report an anti-swine CD40 agonistic mAb that is also broadly reactive against multiple species.
Amelioration of Carcinogen-Induced Toxicity in Mice by Administration of a Potentized Homeopathic Drug, Natrum Sulphuricum 200

To examine if a potentized homeopathic drug, Natrum Sulphuricum 200 (Nat Sulph-200) has protective potentials against hepatocarcinogenesis, liver tumors were induced in mice through chronic feeding of P-dimethylaminoazobenzene (p-DAB; initiator of hepatocarcinogenesis) and phenobarbital (PB; promoter). Mice were divided into five sub-groups: fed normal low protein diet (Gr. I, normal control); fed normal low protein plus alcohol-200 (vehicle of the homeopathic remedy) (Gr. II); fed diet mixed with 0.06% p-DAB plus 0.05% PB (Gr. III); fed diet and carcinogens like Gr.III, plus alcohol 200 (positive control for drug fed mice) (Gr. IV) and fed diet and carcinogens like Gr. III, plus Natrum Sulphuiricum-200 (Gr. V; drug fed). Mice were sacrificed at day 7, 15, 30, 60, 90 and day 120 for study of cytogenetical endpoints like chromosome aberrations (CA), micronuclei (MN), mitotic index (MI) and sperm head anomaly (SHA) and biochemical toxicity parameters like aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), acid (AcP) and alkaline (AlkP) phosphatases, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) content. Less number of liver tumors were observed in Gr. V (drug fed) mice. Administration of Nat Sulph 200 reduced genomic damage, activities of AcP, AlkP, AST, ALT, LPO and increased GSH content. Therefore, independent replication of the study by others is encouraged.
1 Uncertain managers and confident professionals

The movement that is known under the concept New Public Management has in Sweden been manifested in deregulations, corporatizations, and privitizations in central and local public administration. One of the most spectacular projects was the corporatization and later on the privatization of St. Göran's Hospital in Stockholm. We use longitudinal data to describe this development and contrast it to that of a public hospital. Primary objectives of the study was (1) to describe uncertainty in the provision of health care at the corporation and the public hospital, and (2) to analyze how managers and staff handle uncertainty and how this influence health care provided. Although questionnaire data on work climate and employee attitudes reveal only minor differences between hospitals, the corporation increased its productivity far better than the public hospital. Moreover, analyses of qualitative data indicate distinct differences between management teams in the two hospitals, the corporation showing lower degree of uncertainty. This was mainly articulated in a capacity to prosper with uncertainty by collecting resources, creating relations, cooperate and making sense. Our description of the transition into privatization emphasizes that changes of organizational forms may enable some new means to handle work related uncertainty at the organizational level.
Automatic Detection of Social Behavior of Museum Visitor Pairs

In many cases, visitors come to a museum in small groups. In such cases, the visitors’ social context has an impact on their museum visit experience. Knowing the social context may allow a system to provide socially aware services to the visitors. Evidence of the social context can be gained from observing/monitoring the visitors’ social behavior. However, automatic identification of a social context requires, on the one hand, identifying typical social behavior patterns and, on the other, using relevant sensors that measure various signals and reason about them to detect the visitors’ social behavior. We present such typical social behavior patterns of visitor pairs, identified by observations, and then the instrumentation, detection process, reasoning, and analysis of measured signals that enable us to detect the visitors’ social behavior. Simple sensors’ data, such as proximity to other visitors, proximity to museum points of interest, and visitor orientation are used to detect social synchronization, attention to the social companion, and interest in museum exhibits. The presented approach may allow future research to offer adaptive services to museum visitors based on their social context to support their group visit experience better.
Hierarchical Cluster-Based Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks - A Survey

Hierarchical cluster-based routing protocols are considered as one of the most efficient routing protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSN) due to its higher energy efficiency, network scalability, and lower data retransmission. In cluster-based routing protocols the network is divided into clusters each with a cluster head (CH) that is used for data aggregation and transmission, and other non CH nodes are used for data sensing. The most important issue with clustering is how to select CH, and manage clusters. For this reason several cluster-based routing protocols have been proposed. In this paper we conduct a comprehensive list of the most recent hierarchical cluster-based routing protocols and discuss how these protocols reduce energy consuming and improve network life time. We classify the protocols according to node capabilities into homogeneous and heterogeneous protocols. While the former achieves uniform energy consumption, the later achieves lower hardware cost. Another level of classification is applied on the listed protocols based on the distance between the CH and the base station. The protocols are classified into single hop and multi hop. We then compare the protocols based on issues face each protocol and how to be overcome and improved by other proposed protocols. Finally we conclude with possible future research.
A sample of 6C radio sources designed to find objects at redshift z>4 - I. The radio data

We describe the selection of a sample of 34 radio sources from the 6C survey from a region of sky covering 0.133 sr. The selection criteria for this sample, hereafter called 6C*, were chosen to optimize the chances of finding radio galaxies at redshift z > 4. Optical follow-up observations have already led to the discovery of the most distant known radio galaxy at z = 4.41. We present VLA radio maps and derive radio spectra for all the 6C* objects.
Integrating a multitouch kiosk system with mobile devices and multimodal interaction

We present Calisto, a service-oriented information kiosk system for public places, like museums or hotel lobbies. Calisto supports collaboration between multiple users. They can connect their mobile devices to the large public terminal and share interesting facts and media contents via intuitive multimodal interaction. The novel contribution of our work is a seamless combination of a touch-based kiosk system and mobile devices for accessing heterogeneous information services.
Coherent delta-band oscillations between cortical areas correlate with decision making

Significance Delta oscillations have been largely associated with slow-wave sleep and anesthesia, when no conscious functions take place during these states. However, our study demonstrates that coherent delta-band oscillations reflect the linkage between distant parietal and frontal cortical circuits during decision making. Thus, these findings open an avenue for investigating whether the activity between distant cortical circuits oscillates in the delta frequency range during other cognitive functions. Coherent oscillations in the theta-to-gamma frequency range have been proposed as a mechanism that coordinates neural activity in large-scale cortical networks in sensory, motor, and cognitive tasks. Whether this mechanism also involves coherent oscillations at delta frequencies (1–4 Hz) is not known. Rather, delta oscillations have been associated with slow-wave sleep. Here, we show coherent oscillations in the delta frequency band between parietal and frontal cortices during the decision-making component of a somatosensory discrimination task. Importantly, the magnitude of this delta-band coherence is modulated by the different decision alternatives. Furthermore, during control conditions not requiring decision making, delta-band coherences are typically much reduced. Our work indicates an important role for synchronous activity in the delta frequency band when large-scale, distant cortical networks coordinate their neural activity during decision making.
Department of Quantitative Social Science Teacher Quality in Sub-Saharan Africa : Pupil fixed effects estimates for twelve countries

This paper estimates the relationship between teacher characteristics and teacher quality by applying point-in-time pupil-fixed effects. It uses a large cross-sectional dataset of grade 6 teaching and learning in 12 sub-Saharan countries. The findings are generally in line with the existing literature that finds such observable characteristics to be weak predictors that significantly differ in their effects across countries. Teacher subject competency test scores, the only consistent predictor of teacher quality across African countries in other studies, are only significant in the Seychelles. Contrary to US studies, we do not find consistent returns to teacher experience. Our estimates suggest that teacher characteristics are complementary rather than mutually exclusive. The analysis presented here provides comparable estimates of within-school variation of teacher quality and unique lower-bound estimates of teaching ability. JEL classification: I20, I21, I25, O15, O55, O57
Evaluating the antibacterial effect of sonic activation of irrigants on Enterococcus faecalis infected root canals

Enterococcus faecalis is frequently isolated from the failed root canals undergoing retreatment . It is well adapted for survival and persistence in a variety of adverse environments. The aim of thisex-vivostudy was toevaluate the intracanal bacterial reduction using Vibringe ® sonic activation of three irrigants. 42 extracted human mandibular first premolar teeth were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis , incubated for 48 hours then randomly distributed into two groups of 21 root each: group A (Control ):conventionalirrigation (CI) with syringe using Navi Tip gauge 31with no activation.Group B (sonic activated): the irrigants were delivered and activated using Vibringe ® sonic activator for 60 second. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups according to the irrigant used (group I=0.9%normal saline), (group II=1.5 %NaOCl) and (group III=3 %NaOCl). After treatment, a sample of dentin was taken from each root for colony-forming unit counting (CFUs). The results showed that sonic activated group showed a significant reduction in (CFU/ml) comparing to the CI protocol. The sonic activation of 0.9%NaCl showed (31.07%) reduction, 1.5%NaOCl showed (82.91%), while 3%NaOCl showed (98.43%). As a conclusion,sonic activation of irrigants gives better antibacterial results for root canal disinfection in comparison to CI protocol.