Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INTERGENERATIONAL HELP AND PUBLIC ASSISTANCE IN EUROPE

ABSTRACT The comparative analysis of intergenerational support patterns based on SHARE, the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe, with about 30,000 respondents from 11 European countries reveals a distinct geographical distribution of private support patterns: in Northern Europe help between parents and children is very common, but typically little time-consuming. The contrary is true for Southern Europe, where comparably few support relations are very intense in terms of time. Central Western Europe lies in-between with average transfer rates and intensities. Using multilevel modeling, these different support patterns can be explained by the prevalence of public assistance according to the specialization hypothesis: with increased public transfers and social services, sporadic help is more likely (crowding in), and less time consuming support between generations (crowding out) occurs. Accordingly, most support is provided voluntarily in Northern Europe, whereas it is more often perceived as obligatory in Continental and Mediterranean countries.
A Neuron Model with Dendritic Nonlinearity for Predicting the Influence of Overreaction in Shanghai Stock Market

On the basis of previous research, this study assembled trading data from January 2004 to October 2014 to verify the overreaction in Shanghai stock market. The influence of overreaction decreases with time from 2007 onwards and turns to disappear from 2011. The neuron model with dendritic nonlinearity (NMDN) proposed in this paper fits and predicts the variability of abnormal returns of ill-preforming and well-preforming stocks in the test period. This experiment demonstrates that NMDN possesses high computational ability and succeeds to predict trends in the influence of overreaction.
Aplicación de las medidas clásicas de performance en los fondos de inversión brasileños de renta variables

En este estudio realizamos una aplicacion de las medidas clasicas de performance de carteras y sus respectivas alternativas de coherencia absoluta con los datos de las rentabilidades mensuales de los fondos de inversion brasilenos de renta variable en el periodo comprendido entre julio/2003 a julio/2005. Con el objetivo de desarrollar este estudio utilizamos el analisis multivariante para clasificar los fondos conforme sus caracteristicas de volatilidad asi como identificar el conjunto de fondos con mayores variaciones. Para el analisis econometrico-financiero utilizamos las aportaciones de Sharpe, Treynor y Jensen y sus respectivas medidas de coherencia absoluta adaptadas por Ferruz y Sarto. Por ultimo, realizamos un estudio empirico, demostrando que, en terminos estadisticos, los rangos de clasificaciones de los distintos indices clasicos de performance son notoriamente similares, mientras que los rangos establecidos por las alternativas de coherencia absoluta para las tres medidas clasicas de performance generaron similitudes menos importantes.
Structural studies of the ERGIC-53/MCFD2 glycoprotein transport receptor complex

The secretory pathway defines and maintains the intracellular architecture of the eukaryotic cell. Proteins targeted to either the plasma membrane, the extracellular medium or to specific organelles within the cell are dependent on the correct transfer along this pathway. The importance of its function has become increasingly clear and several proteins in this pathway have been linked to human diseases. One disease that is genetically associated with transport processes in the early secretory pathway is the combined blood coagulation factor V and VIII deficiency (F5F8D). It has been established that F5F8D is caused by mutations in the genes that code for the membrane bound glycoprotein receptor ERGIC-53 or its co-receptor protein MCFD2. Together these two proteins form a calcium dependent complex with 1:1 stoichiometry that specifically interacts and assist transport of the glycosylated blood coagulation proteins FV and FVIII from the endoplasmic reticulum. In this thesis, NMR-spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography have been applied in order to clarify the organisation of the ERGIC-53/MCFD2 glycoprotein transport receptor complex. The work resulted in the three-dimensional structure of MCFD2 in solution determined by NMR and the crystal structure of MCFD2 in complex with the carbohydrate recognition domain of ERGIC-53. These structures gave a first molecular view of the organisation of a cargo receptor complex in the early secretory pathway and revealed that MCFD2 undergoes significant conformational changes upon complex formation. NMR and CD-spectroscopy analysis showed MCFD2 to be disordered in the absence of Ca ions, but to adopt a predominantly ordered structure upon binding Ca ions. Hence, these data suggest that calcium binding and consequent folding of MCFD2 to be the underlying mechanism for the previously observed calcium dependence of the MCFD2/ERGIC-53 interaction. Moreover, the consequences of all known F5F8D causing missense mutations found in MCFD2 could be explained at a molecular level. The results highlight the importance of intact calcium binding EF-hand motifs for the structural stability of MCFD2 and point toward disruption of the ERGIC-53/MCFD2 interaction as the underlying mechanism for these mutations in causing F5F8D. Overall, this thesis work has provided new insights into the structural organisation of the ERGIC-53/MCFD2 transport receptor complex and highlighted the importance of calcium for the regulation of its function. By studying this complex the hope is that we have shed some light, not only on the mechanisms behind transport of FV and FVIII by ERGIC-53 and MCFD2, but also on general processes underlying the assisted glycoprotein transport in the early secretory pathway.
Black Student Leaders: The Influence of Social Climate in Student Organizations

The social climate of student organizations can alter a student’s perception of their influence upon the organization. This study examines Black student leaders’ perceptions of social climate of campus governing boards at a predominantly White institution (PWI). Black students’ experiences were investigated using Moos’s (1979, 1987) social climate dimensions. Implications and recommendations for student affairs professionals advising Black student leaders are detailed based on three salient themes: mission and direction, relationships, and mutual impact.
The Intraday Performance of Market Timing Strategies and Trading Systems Based on Japanese Candlesticks

We develop market timing strategies and trading systems to test the intra-day predictive power of Japanese candlesticks at the 5-minute interval on the 30 constituents of the DJIA index. Around a third of the candlestick rules outperform the buy-and-hold strategy at the conservative Bonferroni level. After adjusting for trading costs, however, just a few rules remain profitable. When we correct for data snooping by applying the SSPA test on double-or-out market timing strategies, no single candlestick rule beats the buy-and-hold strategy after transaction costs. We also design fully automated trading systems by combining the best-performing candlestick rules. No evidence of out-performance is found after transaction costs. Although Japanese candlesticks can somewhat predict intra-day returns on large US caps, we show that such predictive power is too limited for active portfolio management to outperform the buy-and-hold strategy when luck, risk, and trading costs are correctly measured.
Microbial Toll‐like receptor ligands differentially regulate CXCL10/IP‐10 expression in fibroblasts and mononuclear leukocytes in synergy with IFN‐γ and provide a mechanism for enhanced synovial chemokine levels in septic arthritis

The CXC chemokine IFN‐γ‐inducible protein‐10 (IP‐10/CXCL10) activates CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) and attracts activated T cells and natural killer cells. Peripheral blood mononuclearcells (PBMC) produce low but significant amounts of IP‐10/CXCL10 protein upon stimulation with double‐stranded (ds) RNA, the Toll‐like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligand. IFN‐γ is a superior IP‐10/CXCL10inducer. The bacterial TLR4 and TLR2 ligands, LPS and peptidoglycan (PGN), inhibit IFN‐γ‐ or dsRNA‐dependent IP‐10/CXCL10 production in PBMC, whereas IL‐8/CXCL8 production was enhanced. In fibroblasts a different picture emerges with IFN‐γ inducing moderate and dsRNA provoking strong IP‐10/CXCL10 production. Furthermore, treatment of fibroblasts with IFN‐γ in combination with bacterial LPS or PGN results in a synergistic production of IP‐10/CXCL10 and IL‐8/CXCL8. The synergistic induction of IP‐10/CXCL10 in fibroblasts is reflected by significantly enhanced IP‐10/CXCL10 concentrations in synovial fluids of septic compared to osteoarthritis patients to reach on average higher levels than those of IL‐8/CXCL8. These high amounts of IP‐10/CXCL10 produced by connective tissue fibroblasts not only attract CXCR3 expressing activated Th1 cells and natural killer cells to sites of infection but may also antagonize the CCR3 dependent attraction of Th2 lymphocytes and exert CXCR3‐independent, defensin‐like antibacterial activity.
Executive processes and timing: Comparing timing with and without reference memory

Temporal perception is influenced by executive function. However, performance on different temporal tasks is often associated with different executive functions. This study examined whether using reference memory during a task influenced how performance was associated with executive resources. Participants completed temporal generalisation and bisection tasks, in their normal versions involving reference memory and in episodic versions without reference memory. Each timing task had two difficulty levels: easy and hard. Correlations between performance on these tasks and measures of executive function (updating, inhibition, task switching, and access to semantic memory) were assessed. Accuracy on the temporal generalisation task was correlated with memory access for all versions of the task. Updating correlated with accuracy only for the reference memory-based version of the task. Temporal bisection performance presented a different pattern of correlations. The bisection point was negatively correlated with inhibition scores, except for the easy episodic condition. The Weber ratio, considered a measure of temporal sensitivity, was negatively correlated with memory access only in the hard episodic condition. Together, the findings suggest that previous models of generalisation and bisection may not accurately reflect the underlying cognitive processes involved in the tasks.
Levodopa in Parkinsonism: potentiation of central effects with a peripheral inhibitor.

Abstract The clinical state achieved with levodopa was compared to that on levodopa plus alpha-methyldopa hydrazine, which blocks conversion of levodopa to dopamine within peripheral tissues only. Five children with dystonia remained unimproved by either regimen. In 26 adults with Parkinsonism less levodopa was needed for symptomatic control when levodopa was given with inhibitor than when used alone. The amount of inhibitor that had to be added to similar doses of levodopa was less in patients who had received levodopa chronically. Rapid induction of therapy, better diurnal symptomatic control and a new capability to administer pyridoxine to patients receiving levodopa constituted advantages of adding inhibitor to levodopa. The main disadvantage of these combinations was the rapid induction of involuntary movements.
Single stage single phase series-grid connected PV system for voltage compensation and power supply

This paper proposes a single stage single phase PV system connected in series to the utility grid. The proposed system consists of a Boost inverter that supplies a household resistive load for different operation conditions such as interconnection and islanding. This Boost inverter that is feed by PV array in its DC side can provide active and reactive powers both for load and grid. The proposed system can also compensate the common voltage problems of utility grid such as sag, swell and interruptions. Phasor diagram of voltages is provided to estimate required output voltage of the Boost inverter. The performance of proposed system has been simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC software. From simulation results and system descriptions, the advantageous of proposed system such as maximum power point tracking of PV, suitable compensation of voltage problems, simple circuit structure and simple control strategy can be interpreted.
Tourism and migration: New relationships between production and consumption

There is weak conceptualization of the differentiation between migration and tourism, which has contributed to relative neglect of the relationships between these. This paper examines some of the major influences on these relationships, dividing them into two general but inter-linked categories: broad economic and social trajectories, and tourism factors. A number of specific forms of tourism-related migration are then examined in the context of these social and economic trajectories. The paper explores labour migration, return migration, entrepreneurial migration, retirement migration, and the special feature of second homes. It concludes by emphasizing the need to place studies of the links between tourism and migration more firmly into wider social science debates, and by setting out some fruitful lines of future research.
Raindrop Momentum Triggers Growth of Leaf-Associated Populations of Pseudomonas syringae on Field-Grown Snap Bean Plants

Observational and microclimate modification experiments were conducted under field conditions to determine the role of the physical environment in effecting large increases in phyllosphere population sizes of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, the causal agent of bacterial brown spot disease of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Comparisons of daily changes in population sizes of P. syringae on three plantings of snap bean cultivar Cascade and one of cultivar Eagle with weather conditions indicated a strong association of rainfalls with periods of 1 to 3 days in duration during which increases in bacterial population sizes were greater than 10-fold and up to 1,000-fold. The effects of rain on populations of P. syringae were explored further by modifying the microclimate of bean plants in the field with polyethylene shelters to shield plants from rain and fine-mesh inert screens to modify the momentum of raindrops. After each of three separate intense rains, the greater-than-10-fold increases in population sizes of P. syringae observed on plants exposed to the rains did not occur on plants in the shelters or under the screens. The screens decreased the velocity and, thus, the momentum of raindrops but not the volume or quality of rainwater that fell on plants under the screens. Thus, the absence of increases in population sizes of P. syringae on plants under the screens suggests that raindrop momentum plays a role in the growth-triggering effect of intense rains on populations of P. syringae on bean plants under field conditions.
Comparison of the 14 deadly diseases and the business excellence model

How the European Business Excellence Model was developed from the American Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award has been well reported. The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award in turn drew its inspiration from the Japanese Deming Application Prize. This study investigates the use of self-assessment and the Business Excellence Model, as applied to the UK financial services sector, and evaluates its effectiveness in helping companies remove the deadly diseases and obstacles identified by Deming. The general conclusion is drawn that there is no significant difference between companies who have a low, medium and high score from self-assessment when measured against Deming's 14 points for management and that the use of the Business Excellence Model may not by itself remove fundamental barriers for improvement.
Relationship of the Zygomatic Facial Nerve to the Retaining Ligaments of the Face: The Sub-SMAS Danger Zone

Background: The transition zone between cheek superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) and malar SMAS is difficult to raise because of proximity of zygomatic nerve branches. The authors attempted to clarify the three-dimensional anatomy of the retaining ligaments in relation to nerve branches in this area. Methods: Facial dissection was performed on 22 cadaver hemifaces. The zygomatic and masseteric retaining ligaments and the zygomatic and buccal facial branches in the area of dissection were identified. Ninety-five percent confidence regions for the locations of the zygomaticus major origin and the main zygomatic retaining ligament and upper masseteric retaining ligament were created. Results: The distribution, density, and size of the retaining ligaments varied. The main zygomatic and upper masseteric retaining ligaments were located at a mean distance of 44.91 ± 9.72 mm and 46.35 ± 8.34 mm from the tragus. An upper zygomatic branch passed between the main zygomatic and the upper masseteric retaining ligaments and was always located deep (4.07 ± 1.29 mm) in the sub-SMAS plane of dissection and passed deep under the upper third of the zygomaticus major muscle. An inferior zygomatic branch passed inferior to the upper masseteric retaining ligament or penetrated its inferior margin (54 percent of cases) and was located more superficially (1.41 ± 0.95 mm), becoming visible just distal to the ligament. Conclusions: Despite anatomical variation, the main zygomatic and upper masseteric retaining ligaments create a safe passage in between, through which a zygomatic facial branch passes deep. The area of danger is immediately inferomedial to the upper masseteric retaining ligament, where a zygomatic branch becomes superficial and vulnerable.
The market-based approach to enterprise assistance - an evaluation of the World Bank's `market development grant funds'

When technical assistance to enterprise development is justified then instead of subsidized central facilities, which have often been ineffective, the assistance should aim to develop the market for business know-how. Grants targeted to firms that want to buy business services are more likely to achieve this aim because they can stimulate a competitive response from independent providers of services. 'Matching grant funds' have been used to develop the market by targeting small, efficient firms with the potential for growth, but lacking information or know-how. The World Bank has completed and evaluated eight projects of this type. The net impact of the eight projects, as described in this article, has, however, been uncertain. While their direct output benefit (in terms of increased exports or sales) appears to have been good, sustainability and development impact seem to have been weak. Operating costs have in some cases been high and implementation has been delayed, raising questions about their abilit.
Risk management in agricultural markets: A review

This article surveys and evaluates the current state of knowledge about producers' marketing strategies to manage price and revenue risk for farm commodities. The review highlights gaps between concepts and their implementation. Many well‐developed models of price behavior exist, but appropriate characterization and estimation of the probability distributions of commodity prices remain elusive. Hence, the preferred measure of price risk is ambiguous. Numerous models of optimal marketing portfolios for farmers have been specified, but their behavior appears to be inconsistent with most, if not all, of these models. In addition, some research suggests that farmers can earn speculative profits, which is inconsistent with notions of efficient markets. The conclusions discuss what academic research can and cannot accomplish in relation to assisting producers with risk‐management decisions. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 21:953–985, 2001
Monitoring Warfarin Therapy in Patients with Lupus Anticoagulants

TO THE EDITOR: Moll and Ortel [1] raise an important clinical management issue: Use of international normalized ratios may not be a reliable way to monitor warfarin therapy in some patients with lupus anticoagulants. In a report published 20 years ago [2], my colleagues and I documented the use of the Thrombotest [3] in a patient with lupus anticoagulant. Because this test measured overall clotting activity and the result was expressed as percentage of activity [4], we thought that it was better for monitoring oral anticoagulant therapy than the conventional prothrombin time in patients with lupus anticoagulants. Can Drs. Moll and Ortel please comment on the value of this test in comparison with the chromogenic factor X assay and the prothrombin-proconvertin assay, discussed in their article?
Space use, Resource Selection and Territoriality of Black-Footed Ferrets: Implications for Reserve Design

Insight into the spatial ecology of predators might help biologists to design wildlife reserves that maximize conservation success. We investigated the spatial ecology of endangered black-footed ferrets Mustela nigripes during the post-breeding seasons (June–October) of 2007 and 2008 on a 452-ha colony of black-tailed prairie dogs Cynomys ludovicianus in South Dakota, USA. Ferrets of both sexes frequently used areas with an abundance of active openings to prairie dog burrows, suggesting a positive response to refuge and prey. Densities of active burrow openings were similar in areas of same-sex overlap and areas of exclusive space use, which might suggest limited defense of resources by ferrets. However, this result could be expected in our study because much of the study colony contained high densities of active burrow openings. Same-sex home ranges overlapped in area, but the intensity of space use overlap was low. For male ferrets with overlapping home ranges, both males tended to spend low amounts of time in areas of overlap. In contrast, for pairs of overlapping female home ranges, one female frequently used areas of overlap while the second apparently avoided them, suggesting a dominance hierarchy of some sort. Core areas were essentially exclusive. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis of intrasexual territoriality by ferrets in habitats of high quality, which would limit the number of ferrets a habitat supports. Where wildlife managers aim to maximize densities of free-ranging ferrets, it might be beneficial to create reserves that 1) provide each ferret with sufficient prey and refuge, 2) reduce social conflict and competition for space, and 3) facilitate dispersal.
Design and Implementation of a Modularized Polysomnography System

In recent years, an increasing number of people suffer from sleep disorders. Polysomnography (PSG) is commonly used in hospitals or sleep centers to diagnose sleep disorders because it continuously and simultaneously records multiple physiological signals during sleep. However, the excessive number of wired connections for conventional PSG is often a problem that leads to sleep disturbance. Due to the high cost and bulky body, traditional PSG systems are not suitable for sleep recording at home. This paper proposes the design and implementation of a modularized and distributed PSG system that is more convenient and has potential for recording at home. It is composed of multiple, tiny, low-cost, and wireless-synchronized signal acquisition nodes, and each node acquires specific physiological signals within a small body region to reduce sleep disturbance as a result of recording wires. To evaluate accuracy, the system and a commercial PSG system were mounted on subjects to simultaneously perform overnight recording, and the recorded data were compared. A two-phase sleep experiment was also performed to compare the comfortableness of these two systems. The results show that, in addition to high consistency (>; 93%) with the reference system, due to the reduction of the disturbance from recording wires, the proposed system has better comfortableness performance in terms of several objective and subjective sleep indices.