Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnetotactic bacteria from freshwater lakes in Georgia

Several species of magnetotactic bacteria were discovered in the lakes and ponds of Georgia. Electron microscopic analysis of the bacteria showed a great variety of microbial forms as well as magnetosome arrangements. Pyramidal, cubical or hexagonal magnetic grains could be seen in different species of bacteria. The linear organization of magnetic particles was prevailing, although gathered magnetosomes were also seen. Magnetometric measurement of magnetic particles obtained from coccoid bacteria was performed. Remnent acquisition curves, as well as thermomagnetic curves of investigated material showed that the magnetosomes under study contained pure single‐domain magnetite.
Vitamin D Status and Supplementation Practices in Elite Irish Athletes: An Update from 2010/2011

Vitamin D deficiency is a global health concern that is prevalent in Ireland. The vitamin D status of elite Irish athletes following implementation of a revised supplementation policy in 2010/2011 has not been explored to date. This study aimed to assess the vitamin D status of elite Irish athletes participating in high-profile sports and establish if equatorial travel, supplementation and/or sunbed use predict vitamin D status. Across Ireland, blood samples (n = 92) were obtained from cricketers (n = 28), boxers (n = 21) and women’s rugby sevens players (n = 43) between November 2013 and April 2015. Total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Parathyroid hormone and adjusted calcium concentrations were measured by clinical biochemistry. Athletes completed a questionnaire that queried equatorial travel, supplementation and sunbed use. Vitamin D sufficiency (25(OH)D >50 nmol/L) was evident in 86% of athletes. Insufficiency (31–49 nmol/L) and deficiency (<30 nmol/L) was present in only 12% and 2% of athletes respectively. On average, athletes from all sport disciplines were vitamin D sufficient and 25% reported vitamin D supplementation which was a significant positive predictor of vitamin D status, (OR 4.31; 95% CI 1.18–15.75; p = 0.027). Equatorial travel and sun bed use were reported in 47% and 16% of athletes respectively however these factors did not predict vitamin D status (both p > 0.05). Although different cohorts were assessed, the overall prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was 55% in 2010/2011 compared with only 14% in 2013/2015. Targeted supplementation is highly effective in optimising vitamin D status, negating the need for blanket-supplementation in elite cohorts.
Emotion-based music retrieval and recommendation

The digital music industry has expanded dramatically during the past decades, which results in the generation of enormous amounts of music data. Along with the Internet, the growing volume of quantitative data about users (e.g., users’ behaviors and preferences) can be easily collected nowadays. All these factors have the potential to produce big data in the music industry. By utilizing big data analysis of music related data, music can be better semantically understood (e.g., genres and emotions), and the user’s high-level needs such as automatic recognition and annotation can be satisfied. For example, many commercial music companies such as Pandora, Spotify, and Last.fm have already attempted to use big data and machine learning related techniques to drastically alter music search and discovery. According to musicology and psychology theories, music can reflect our heart and soul, while emotion is the core component of music that expresses the complex and conscious experience. However, there is insufficient research in this field. Consequently, due to the impact of emotion conveyed by music, retrieval and discovery of useful music information at the emotion level from big music data are extremely important. Over the past decades, researchers have made great strides in automated systems for music retrieval and recommendation. Music is a temporal art, involving specific emotion expression. But while it is easy for human beings to recognize emotions expressed by music, it is still a challenge for automated systems to recognize them. Although some significant emotion models (e.g., Hevner’s adjective circle, Arousal-
Design of a haptic device for teleoperation and virtual reality systems

Haptics technology has increased the precision and telepresence of the teleoperation and precision of the in-house robotic applications by force and surface information feedback. Force feedback is achieved through sending back the pressure and force information via a haptic device as the information is created or measured at the point of interest. In order to configure such a system, design, analysis and production processes of a haptic device, which is suitable for that specific application, becomes important. Today, haptic devices find use in assistive surgical robotics and most of the teleoperation systems. These devices are also extensively utilized in simulators to train medical and military personnel. The objective of this work is to design a haptic device with a new structure that has the potential to increase the precision of the robotic operation. Thus, literature is reviewed and possible robot manipulator designs are investigated to increase the precision in haptics applications. As a result of the investigations, conceptual designs are developed. Ultimately, final design is selected and produced after it is investigated in computer-aided-design (CAD) environment and its kinematic and structural analyses are carried out.
Distributed Multicell Beamforming With Limited Intercell Coordination

This paper studies distributed optimization schemes for multicell joint beamforming and power allocation in time-division-duplex (TDD) multicell downlink systems where only limited-capacity intercell information exchange is permitted. With an aim to maximize the worst-user signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR), we devise a hierarchical iterative algorithm to optimize downlink beamforming and intercell power allocation jointly in a distributed manner. The proposed scheme is proved to converge to the global optimum. For fast convergence and to reduce the burden of intercell parameter exchange, we further propose to exploit previous iterations adaptively. Results illustrate that the proposed scheme can achieve near-optimal performance even with a few iterations, hence providing a good tradeoff between performance and backhaul consumption. The performance under quantized parameter exchange is also examined.
Bisimulation Minimization of Tree Automata

We extend an algorithm by Paige and Tarjan that solves the coarsest stable refinement problem to the domain of trees. The algorithm is used to minimize nondeterministic tree automata (NTA) with respect to bisimulation. We show that our algorithm has an overall complexity of [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the maximum rank of any symbol in the input alphabet, m is the total size of the transition table, and n is the number of states.
Effects of Aging and Distractors on Detection of Redundant Visual Targets and Capacity: Do Older Adults Integrate Visual Targets Differently than Younger Adults?

In the redundant target effect, participants respond faster with two (redundant) targets. We compared the magnitude of this effect in younger and older adults, with and without distractors, in a simple visual-detection task. We employed additional measures that allow non-parametric assessment of performance (Townsend's capacity coefficient) and parametric estimates (Linear Ballistic Accumulator model). Older participants' latencies were slower, especially in the presence of distractors, and their calculated capacity indicators increased with distractors. Parametric estimates indicated that these increases were generated by the older adults' increased difficulty in inhibiting the distractors, and not the results of either improved detection of redundant-targets, or of a generalized slowing of processing.
Distinct DNA Exit and Packaging Portals in the Virus Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus

Icosahedral double-stranded DNA viruses use a single portal for genome delivery and packaging. The extensive structural similarity revealed by such portals in diverse viruses, as well as their invariable positioning at a unique icosahedral vertex, led to the consensus that a particular, highly conserved vertex-portal architecture is essential for viral DNA translocations. Here we present an exception to this paradigm by demonstrating that genome delivery and packaging in the virus Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus occur through two distinct portals. By using high-resolution techniques, including electron tomography and cryo-scanning electron microscopy, we show that Mimivirus genome delivery entails a large-scale conformational change of the capsid, whereby five icosahedral faces open up. This opening, which occurs at a unique vertex of the capsid that we coined the “stargate”, allows for the formation of a massive membrane conduit through which the viral DNA is released. A transient aperture centered at an icosahedral face distal to the DNA delivery site acts as a non-vertex DNA packaging portal. In conjunction with comparative genomic studies, our observations imply a viral packaging pathway akin to bacterial DNA segregation, which might be shared by diverse internal membrane–containing viruses.
Clinical, cognitive, and neuroimaging correlates of risk for postpartum psychosis

4 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . 5 LIST OF TABLES . 15 LIST OF FIGURES . 17 1. CHAPTER: INTRODUCTION . 19 1.1 POSTPARTUM PSYCHOSIS . 20 1.1.1 Historical context . 20 1.1.2 Epidemiology . 21 1.1.2.1 Classification . 21 1.1.2.2 Incidence . 21 1.1.2.3 Symptoms . 22 1.1.2.4 Onset . 23 1.1.2.5 Adverse consequences . 24 1.1.2.6 Treatment . 25 1.2 RELATION TO OTHER MENTAL DISORDERS . 26 1.2.1 Relation to other postpartum mood disorders . 27 1.2.2 Relation to bipolar disorder and psychosis spectrum . 29 1.2.2.1 Postpartum psychosis as part of the bipolar spectrum . 38 1.2.2.2 Postpartum psychosis as a diagnostic entity . 40 1.2.2.3 Postpartum psychosis as part of the psychosis spectrum . 41 1.2.2.3. 1 Postpartum psychosis and schizoaffective disorder . 41 1.2.2.3. 2 Cross cultural comparison . 43 1.2.3 Comparison to other high risk approaches . 43 1.2.4 Summary . 45 1.3 CORRELATES . 45 1.3. 1 Biological correlates . 46 1.3. 1.1 Oestrogens . 46 1.3. 1.2 Cortisol . 47 1.3. 1.3 Menstrual cycle effects . 48
Multiagent Learning with Bargaining - A Game Theoretic Approach

Learning in the real world occurs when an agent, which perceives its current state and takes actions, interacts with the environment, which in return provides a positive or negative feedback. The field of reinforcement learning studies such processes and attempts to find policies that map states of the world to the actions of agents in order to maximize cumulative reward over the long run. In multi-agent systems, agent learning becomes more challenging, since the optimal action of each agent generally depends on the actions of other agents. Most studies in multiagent learning research employ noncooperative equilibrium as a learning objective. However, in many situations, the equilibrium gives worse payoffs to both players than their payoffs would be in the case of cooperation. Therefore the agents have strong desire to choose a cooperative solution instead of the non-cooperative equilibrium. In this work, we apply the Nash Bargaining Solution (NBS) to multi-agent systems with unknown parameters and design a multiagent learning algorithm based on bargaining, in which the agents can reach the NBS by learning through experience. We show that the solution is unique and is Pareto-optimal. We also prove theoretically that the algorithm converges. In addition, we extend the work to multi-agent systems with asymmetric agents having different powers in decision making and design a multiagent learning algorithm with asymmetric bargaining. To evaluate these learning algorithms and compare with the existing learning algorithms, the benchmark, grid world games, are adopted as the simulation test-bed. The simulation results demonstrate that our learning algorithms converge to the unique Pareto-optimal
Genetic Components of the Circadian Clock Regulate Thrombogenesis In Vivo

Background— Myocardial infarction, stroke, and sudden death undergo diurnal variation. Although genes relevant to hemostasis and vascular integrity undergo circadian oscillation, the role of the molecular clock in thrombotic events remains to be established. Methods and Results— A diurnal variation in the time to thrombotic vascular occlusion (TTVO) subsequent to a photochemical injury was observed in wild-type mice: TTVO varied from 24.6±2.7 minutes at zeitgeber time (ZT) 2 to 40.3±4.3 minutes at ZT8, 24.3±2.3 minutes at ZT14, and 31.0±4.4 minutes at ZT20. This pattern was disrupted or altered when core clock genes—BMAL1, CLOCK, and NPAS2—were mutated or deleted. Mutation of CLOCK abolished the diurnal variation in TTVO, whereas deletion of NPAS2 altered its temporal pattern. NPAS2 deletion prolonged TTVO and reduced blood pressure irrespective of clock time. Global BMAL1 deletion shortened TTVO at ZT8, and the diurnal variation in TTVO, but not in systemic blood pressure, was disrupted in mice in which BMAL1 had been selectively deleted in endothelium. Conclusions— Key components of the molecular clock regulate the response to a thrombogenic stimulus in vivo. Such a phenomenon may interact with environmental variables, and together with the influence of these genes on blood pressure may contribute to the diurnal variation in cardiovascular events observed in humans.
Observer-Based Stabilization of T–S Fuzzy Systems With Input Delay

This paper discusses the stabilization of Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with bounded and time-varying input delay. The robust stabilization via state feedback is first addressed, and delay-dependent stabilization conditions are proposed in terms of LMIs. Observer-based feedback stabilization is also discussed for T-S fuzzy input delay systems without uncertainties. A separate design principle is developed. Some illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness and the feasibility of the proposed methods.
Strong Complementarity and Non-locality in Categorical Quantum Mechanics

Categorical quantum mechanics studies quantum theory in the framework of dagger-compact closed categories. Using this framework, we establish a tight relationship between two key quantum theoretical notions: non-locality and complementarity. In particular, we establish a direct connection between Mermin-type non-locality scenarios, which we generalise to an arbitrary number of parties, using systems of arbitrary dimension, and performing arbitrary measurements, and a new stronger notion of complementarity which we introduce here. Our derivation of the fact that strong complementarity is a necessary condition for a Mermin scenario provides a crisp operational interpretation for strong complementarity. We also provide a complete classification of strongly complementary observables for quantum theory, something which has not yet been achieved for ordinary complementarity. Since our main results are expressed in the (diagrammatic) language of dagger-compact categories, they can be applied outside of quantum theory, in any setting which supports the purely algebraic notion of strongly complementary observables. We have therefore introduced a method for discussing non-locality in a wide variety of models in addition to quantum theory. The diagrammatic calculus substantially simplifies (and sometimes even trivialises) many of the derivations, and provides new insights. In particular, the diagrammatic computation of correlations clearly shows how local measurements interact to yield a global overall effect. In other words, we depict non-locality.
KUSK dataset: toward a direct understanding of recipe text and human cooking activity

In this paper, we provide a multimodal dataset for understanding cooking activities. To build the dataset, we instructed the subjects to perform cooking according to instructional texts shown on a display one by one. The instructional texts were generated from flow graphs, which were automatically extracted from recipes sampled from a Web site. The main identity of this dataset is the correspondence between the steps automatically extracted from recipes, and real human activities. Typical uses of our dataset are to construct classifiers for understanding human activities in the kitchen, text generation through observing the activities, and so on.
Dogfight in Spectrum: Combating Primary User Emulation Attacks in Cognitive Radio Systems, Part I: Known Channel Statistics

In cognitive radio systems, primary user emulation (PUE) attack means that an attacker sends primary-user-like signals during the spectrum sensing period such that honest secondary users leave the corresponding channels, which causes a serious threat to cognitive radio systems. A passive anti-PUE approach, similar to the random frequency hopping in traditional anti-jamming schemes, is proposed and called dogfight in spectrum. In this scheme, the defenders randomly choose channels to sense and avoid the PUE attack. It is assumed that the channel statistics like availability probabilities are known; then the PUE attack and the random hopping are modeled as a zero-sum game between the attacker and defending secondary user(s). The Nash equilibrium of the game is found. The anti-jamming efficiency is also obtained. Numerical simulations demonstrated the performances of the proposed schemes for both the single defender, multiple defender and multiple round cases.
Road extraction via adaptive graph cuts with multiple features

Accurate road extraction from complex backgrounds plays a fundamental role in a wide range of remote sensing applications. There are two shortcomings for the existing methods: (1) Most of them ignore the spatially contextual information inherent in images; (2) Few existing methods show robustness to the occlusions of cars or trees. To address these two problems, we propose a novel approach via adaptive graph cuts with multiple features. Specifically, for the former problem, we apply multiple features (spectral feature, spatial feature and gradient feature) to obtain not only the spectral characteristic but also the spatially contextual feature. In this way, the structural information of road network can be effectively captured. For the latter, adaptive graph cuts based algorithm is adopted. These two schemes show better performance than state-of-the-art methods under the conditions of occlusions. Experiments on 25 images indicate the validity and effectiveness of our method by comparing with state-of-the-art approaches.
Principalele dificultati in diminuarea violentei in organizatiile scolare din România [The Main Difficulties in the Decrease of Violence in Romanian School Organizations]

The human violence is a complex phenomenon having a social, psychological, cultural and economic determination, being a theme of great interest in the contemporary society. No country or community it isn’t untouched by the violence, the violence being present everywhere: in the streets, inside the family, at the work place, in media, inside the schools, etc. Violence in school organizations, a form of human violence knew lately an alarming growth and as a result of this fact it is enforced the elaboration of some efficient strategies of preventing and diminishing this phenomenon.
Synergy between Rhizobium phaseoli and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in the Bioleaching Process of Copper

This study investigates the synergy of Rhizobium phaseoli and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in the bioleaching process of copper. The results showed that additional R. phaseoli could increase leaching rate and cell number of A. ferrooxidans. When the initial cell number ratio between A. ferrooxidans and R. phaseoli was 2 : 1, A. ferrooxidans attained the highest final cell number of approximately 2 × 108 cells/mL and the highest copper leaching rate of 29%, which is 7% higher than that in the group with A. ferrooxidans only. R. phaseoli may use metabolized polysaccharides from A. ferrooxidans, and organic acids could chelate or precipitate harmful heavy metals to reduce their damage on A. ferrooxidans and promote its growth. Organic acids could also damage the mineral lattice to increase the leaching effect.
Gap junctions between the oocyte and companion follicle cells in the mammalian ovary

Tracer and freeze-fracture electron microscopy of the ovaries of neonatal rat and adult mouse, rat, rabbit, and primate have revealed the presence of gap junctions between follicle cells and oocytes. The junctional connections are found at the ends of follicle cell projections which traverse the zona pellucida and terminate upon microvilli and evenly contoured nonmicrovillar regions of the oolemma. Gap junctions are often seen associated with a macula adherens type of junction. The gap junctions occasionally consist of minute ovoid plaques, but nore frequently appear as rectilinear single- or multiple- row aggregates of particles on the P-face or pits on the E-face. The functional significance of follicle cell-oocyte gap junctions is discussed with respect to the regulation of meiosis and luteinization.
A Charged rotating black ring

We construct a supergravity solution describing a charged rotating black ring with S^2xS^1 horizon in a five dimensional asymptotically flat spacetime. In the neutral limit the solution is the rotating black ring recently found by Emparan and Reall. We determine the exact value of the lower bound on J^2/M^3, where J is the angular momentum and M the mass; the black ring saturating this bound has maximum entropy for the given mass. The charged black ring is characterized by mass M, angular momentum J, and electric charge Q, and it also carries local fundamental string charge. The electric charge distributed uniformly along the ring helps support the ring against its gravitational self-attraction, so that J^2/M^3 can be made arbitrarily small while Q/M remains finite. The charged black ring has an extremal limit in which the horizon coincides with the singularity.