Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reproducing the Cyclic Tag System Developed by Matthew Cook with Rule 110 Using the Phases fi_1

This paper implements the cyclic tag system (CTS) in Rule 110 developed by Cook in [1, 2] using regular expressions denominated phases fi 1 [3]. The main problem in CTS is coding the initial condition based in a system of gliders. In this way, we develop a method to control the periodic phases of the strings representing all gliders until now known in Rule 110, including glider guns. These strings form a subset of regular expressions implemented in a computational system to facilitate the construction of CTS. Thus, these phases are useful to establish distances and positions for every glider and then to delineate more sophisticated components or packages of gliders. In this manuscript, it is possible to find differences with the results exposed in Wolfram’s book [2], inclusively some mistakes which avoid to obtain an appropriated realization of CTS in Rule 110; fortunately, these irregularities were discussed and clarified by Cook. 5 M. Cook November 2002, personal communication.
Psychoacoustic cues to emotion in speech prosody and music

There is strong evidence of shared acoustic profiles common to the expression of emotions in music and speech, yet relatively limited understanding of the specific psychoacoustic features involved. This study combined a controlled experiment and computational modelling to investigate the perceptual codes associated with the expression of emotion in the acoustic domain. The empirical stage of the study provided continuous human ratings of emotions perceived in excerpts of film music and natural speech samples. The computational stage created a computer model that retrieves the relevant information from the acoustic stimuli and makes predictions about the emotional expressiveness of speech and music close to the responses of human subjects. We show that a significant part of the listeners’ second-by-second reported emotions to music and speech prosody can be predicted from a set of seven psychoacoustic features: loudness, tempo/speech rate, melody/prosody contour, spectral centroid, spectral flux, sharpness, and roughness. The implications of these results are discussed in the context of cross-modal similarities in the communication of emotion in the acoustic domain.
A análise psicossocial do jovem delinqüente: uma revisão da literatura

The frequency and generalization of social speech confirm the ever increasing number of youth transgressions classified as juvenile delinquency. To investigate the scientific results published in journals indexed in Medline, Lilacs and PsycINFO databases concerned with the concept of juvenile delinquency between 1995 and 2005 as well as to analyse the questions related to the core of such a phenomenon under a sociological and psychological point of view were set out as the main objectives of this study. Thirty articles were identified, of which 23 were selected and 20 were located. The study of this literature allowed us to distinguish a normative conduct from a pathological delinquent behaviour examined according to current models of social control, identity/subculture and psychoanalytical theories. The need for primary prophylactic intervention based on the recognition of risk factors, which render certain groups vulnerable, was also reinforced and some of the main treatment strategies were presented in the end thus creating new opportunities for future research propositions.
COMING TO TERMS: GENERATION 1.5 STUDENTS IN MAINSTREAM COMPOSITION

______________________ The purpose of this essay is to complicate the current terms used to describe students who are immigrant U.S. high school graduates still in the process of acquiring English but who are placed into mainstream college composition classes. Beginning with a brief description of the growing presence of this group of students, this author argues that terms such as “Generation 1.5” do not accurately reflect the diversity of such students’ experiences. As a solution, this author suggests that alternative terms be used to describe students who belong to Generation 1.5 but who enroll in mainstream composition classes, rather than ESL classes. As a way to educate mainstream composition instructors, this essay also describes some of the principles of second language acquisition as a prelude to outlining the most salient characteristics of cross-over students, including the ways in which Generation 1.5 students who cross over are different from their international ESL peers. While the essay is written for mainstream instructors, other educators who are unfamiliar with this group will also benefit from this author’s description of what it means to be a cross-over student in today’s American universities. _______________________ I am the new generation of my parents. I will have different ideas to live my life. I will have to separating myself and to show them that I am different. I am the new generation [. ] Entering a new community, yes, it is hard, I found frustration all the time not knowing what to do. --Excerpt from Nhat Huynh’s Freshman English Placement Exam Essay, based on a writing prompt from “Crossing” in New Worlds of Literature Nhat (a pseudonym) is just one of many students who represent the “new generation” of college students who are placed into and enroll in mainstream college composition courses, despite the fact that their writing may contain features consistent with English as a Second Language (ESL) writing. Typically, these students are placed into mainstream composition classes merely because they are graduates of U.S. high schools and meet the requisite SAT or ACT scores and/or other placement standards for mainstream composition classes. While it is nearly impossible to know just how many entering college students belong to this new generation (because college applications do not typically ask for information about language use from U.S.- educated students), there is ample evidence that suggests this population is growing rapidly. According to Fix and Passel (2003), “[d]uring the 1990s more than 14 million immigrants entered the United States; [. ] and children of immigrants are now 1 in 5 students grades K-12”
Planning Systems in Italy within the Context of New Processes of 'Regionalization'

The purpose of the following paper is twofold. The first part aims to make sense of some of the efforts and contradictions in building a planning system and reinforcing a general notion of planning in Italy within the context of new processes of 'regionalization'. In particular, it questions the terms in which the issue of local autonomies are being discussed under the current National Reform process. The second part explains in more detail how the territorial (planning) systems work in Italy, focusing on the changes in public administration and the new planning laws. Finally, it gives a dynamic example between levels and government institutions in a regional environment following the introduction of a new tier.
La construcción de las bases de la buena salud en la vejez: situación en las Américas

The demographics of aging in the Americas are well known. The UnitedNations has published projections showing that by the middle of this century,Latin America and the Caribbean will have 112 persons 60 years and older forevery 100 persons 15 or under (1). North America will have 148 older personsfor every 100 persons 15 or younger. While those numbers are impressive, thephenomenon itself represents more than just numbers. Population aging has an impact in every dimension of life: the fami-ly, the economy, health services, and the general fabric of society. Longevityoffers families the gift of multiple exchanges among three and four genera-tions. At the same time, longevity challenges societies to adjust the cycle ofwork and retirement, and it impels institutions to make the necessary invest-ments so that social service agencies and health care providers have theknowledge and skills needed to offer vital assistance across the life course. Knowledge-based public health will need to rely on scientific knowl-edge that looks beyond child development and well-being of the young inorder to provide the foundations for maintaining quality of life and functionin old age. Planning for an aging society requires data on interrelated domainsof life in old age (health, work, income, social relations) in order to guide pub-lic health functions and services in meeting the needs of an older population. This special issue of the
Exploratory study of the characteristics of feedback in the reflective dialogue group given to medical students in a clinical clerkship

Abstract Purpose: Structured narrative reflective writing combined with guided feedback is an efficient teaching method for enhancing medical students’ reflective capacity. However, what kinds of feedback offered and reflection presented in a reflective group remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of feedback in a reflective dialogue group. Methods: Fifth-year medical students on a monthly interval rotation at the pediatric department of a medical center in eastern Taiwan during the 2012 academic year completed their reflective writing regarding patient and family psychosocial issues, and were subsequently debriefed in a 2-h group discussion session to receive feedback from a clinical tutor and peers. Content analysis was conducted to explore the characteristics of feedback and reflection presented in the reflective dialogue. The evaluative questionnaire regarding the benefits of reflection with others was administrated following the group session. Results: Forty students participated in five reflective groups and 108 psychosocial issues were discussed and identified. The tutor played an initiating role in the group discussion by providing six equal feedback types involving exploring new knowledge, initiating advanced discussion, highlighting the issues, and encouraging the students. The students provided eight types of feedback that involved a substantial deep discussion on psychosocial issues and action plans based on the complex interactive ecological network of clinical encounters. Each student attained 1.25 times the depth or breadth of reflection after receiving feedback and experienced the benefits of reflection with others. Conclusion: Through structured narrative reflective writing combined with pluralistic group discussion with a tutor and peers, the medical students had time to think deeply and broadly about psychosocial issues among patients and their family members. Facilitative feedback providing new knowledge, deeper discussion, and exploring new ways of action planning for psychosocial issues was recommended to promote students’ reflective capacity.
The changing digital content landscape: An evaluation of e-business model development in European online news and music

Purpose – To provide an empirically based analysis and evaluation of the existing and possible future evolution of Internet business models within the digital content market, focusing particularly on the possibilities for cooperation and coopetition within this market‐space.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a three‐year study of the European online news and online music sectors, comprising a set of preliminary, scene‐setting case studies of a number of major players within the European online news and music sectors; a detailed, two‐stage survey made up of online questionnaires and face‐to‐face interviews; and a small number of in‐depth case studies.Findings – Provides a discussion of the changes taking place in the online news and music sectors, the evolution of the business models within them, the driving forces we have identified, and finally some predictions about what the future may hold for both these sectors.Research limitations/implications – The research is indicative, rather tha.
Interpreting Latino/a Literature as Critical Fictions

R eading Latino/a children’s literature has become a great passion and an important component of my work as an educator. The journey began while looking for children’s literary texts that somehow speak about aspects of my Puerto Rican/Latina identity and those communities close to mine. I was looking for personal and literary growth but also for ways in which I could share a different literary experience from the mainstream with children and teachers. Getting access to the literature was quite challeng­ ing, but once I developed some familiarity with awards such as the Américas Award, the Pura Belpré Award; publications such as Nieto (1997) and Barrera & Garza (1997) and several on-line resources, accessi­ bility became an easier process. As I continued reading more Latino/a literature and engaging in conversations around these texts with teachers and children, I realized that access to the literature was not the biggest challenge I would confront. Instead, what I found unsettling were my own interpretative lens, as well as those used by teachers and students to mediate our responses to the books. These lenses seem to be mostly centered in solely our personal responses to the literature without an in depth analysis of the authors’ stances and the social, political and cultural ideologies represented in the texts. Like hooks suggested in the opening quote, I felt that I did not fully understand or possess the language to “deconstruct [my/ours] conventional ways of knowing” in the interpretation of the literature. The type of responses to the texts seemed monologic in nature in that they focused only on the reader’s responses and excluded the examination of Latino/a literature as culturally situated and ideologically constructed. As a children’s and adolescent literature educator, I struggle with the same tensions raised by Cai (1997) and Rabinowitz & Smith (1998) in terms of my beliefs about Reader’s Response Theory and the ways in which authors’ stances could be explored. Beyond imposing a set of themes to a literary text, I am more interested in better contextualizing this literature in a way that becomes more meaningful and active for the readers especially from a sociopolitical perspective. As theories on critical literacy suggest (Comber & Simpson, 2001; Lewison, Flint & Van Sluys, 2002) it is important to challenge readers’ beliefs and disrupt commonplaces to look at the ideological aspects of texts and move authors out of neutral positions.
Prediction of the Timing and the Rhythm of the Parkinsonian Subthalamic Nucleus Neural Spikes Using the Local Field Potentials

In this paper, we discuss the use of a nonlinear cascade model to predict the subthalamic nucleus spike activity from the local field potentials recorded in the motor area of the nucleus of Parkinson's disease patients undergoing deep brain stimulation. We use a segment of appropriately selected and processed data recorded from five nuclei to acquire the information of the spike timing and rhythm of a single neuron and estimate the model parameters. We then use the rest of each recording to assess the model's accuracy in predicting spike timing, rhythm, and interspike intervals. We show that the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the predicted spikes remains inside the 95% confidence interval of the CDF of the recorded spikes. By training the model appropriately, we prove its ability to provide quite accurate predictions for multiple-neuron recordings as well, and we establish its validity as a simple yet biologically plausible model of the intranuclear spike activity recorded from Parkinson's disease patients.
WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health Globalization , Food and Nutrition Transitions Globalization Knowledge Network

Preface The Globalization Knowledge Network (GKN) was formed in 2005 with the purpose of examining how contemporary globalization was influencing social determinants of health. It was one of nine Knowledge Networks providing evidence-informed guidance to the work of the World Health Organization's Commission on Social Determinants of Health (2005-2008): like most of the Knowledge Networks, its operations were financed by an external funder (in this case, the International Affairs Directorate of Health Canada, Canada's national ministry of health). The GKN conducted two face-to-face meetings to debate, discuss, outline and review its work, and produced thirteen background papers and a Final Report. These papers and the Final Report underwent extensive internal and external peer review to ensure that their findings and policy inferences accurately reflected available evidence and scholarship. This GKN publication series was prepared under the general editorship of Ronald Labonté, with assistance from Vivien Runnels and copy-editing provided by Wayne Harding. All views expressed are exclusively those of the authors. A complete list of titles in the publication series appears on the inside back cover of this monograph.
Information seeking retrieval, reading and storing behaviour of library users

In the interest of digital libraries, it is advisable that designers be aware of the potential behaviour of the users of such a system. There are two distinct parts under investigation, the interaction between traditional libraries involving the seeking and retrieval of relevant material, and the reading and storage behaviours ensuing. Through this analysis, the findings could be incorporated into digital library facilities. There has been copious amounts of research on information seeking leading to the development of behavioural models to describe the process. Often research on the information seeking practices of individuals is based on the task and field of study. The information seeking model, presented by Ellis et al. (1993), characterises the format of this study where it is used to compare various research on the information seeking practices of groups of people (from academics to professionals). It is found that, although researchers do make use of library facilities, they tend to rely heavily on their own collections and primarily use the library as a source for previously identified information, browsing and interloan. It was found that there are significant differences in user behaviour between the groups analysed. When looking at the reading and storage of material it was hard to draw conclusions, due to the lack of substantial research and information on the topic. However, through the use of reading strategies, a general idea on how readers behave can be developed. Designers of digital libraries can benefit from the guidelines presented here to better understand their audience.
A Metapattern-Based Automated Discovery Loop for Integrated Data Mining - Unsupervised Learning of Relational Patterns

A metapattern (also known as a metaquery) is a new approach for integrated data mining systems. As opposed to a typical "toolbox"-like integration, where components must be picked and chosen by users without much help, metapatterns provide a common representation for inter-component communication as well as a human interface for hypothesis development and search control. One weakness of this approach, however, is that the task of generating fruitful metapatterns is still a heavy burden for human users. In this paper, we describe a metapattern generator and an integrated discovery loop that can automatically generate metapatterns. Experiments in both artificial and real-world databases have shown that this new system goes beyond the existing machine learning technologies, and can discover relational patterns without requiring humans to pre-label the data as positive or negative examples for some given target concepts. With this technology, future data mining systems could discover high-quality, human-comprehensible knowledge in a much more efficient and focused manner, and data mining could be managed easily by both expert and less-expert users.
THE INTERFACE BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RESOURCES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

The aim of the study is to obtain new insight into the phenomenon of knowledge management (KM) in modern day organisations and the role Human Resources (HR) may play in facilitating access to knowledge via knowledge holders with the intention of contributing to theoretical and practical use within the South African context. A qualitative methodology, specifically the grounded theory approach was followed in developing the theory. The importance of organisational knowledge, management of knowledge and linking people to share knowledge were found particularly prominent in influencing the role HR plays in relation to and in support of KM in organisations. This triad formed the foundation for the theory revealing the changed role of HR to create opportunities for and linking people with one another to share knowledge.
Australian Indigenous Studies: A Question of Discipline

This paper is an early discussion of the ways we are approaching Indigenous Studies in Australian Universities. The focus is on how disciplinary and scholarly issues within Indigenous Studies can be interrogated and yet retain the necessary cohesion and solidarity so important to the Indigenous struggle. The paper contrasts Indigenous Studies pursued by Indigenous scholars to other disciplinary perspectives in the academy. Categories such as the Indigenous community and Indigenous knowledge are problematised, not to dissolve them, but to explore productive avenues. I identify one of the problems that Indigenous studies faces as resisting the tendency to perpetuate an enclave within the academy whose purpose is to reflect back an impoverished and codified representation of Indigenous culture to the communities that are its source. On the other hand, there is danger also in the necessary engagement with other disciplines on their own terms. My suggestion is that we see ourselves mapping our understanding of our particular Indigenous experiences upon a terrain intersected by the pathways, both of other Indigenous experiences, and of the non-Indigenous academic disciplines. My intention is to stimulate some thought among Indigenous academics and scholars about the future possibilities of Australian Indigenous Studies as a field of endeavour.
Under-reporting of alcohol consumption in household surveys: a comparison of quantity-frequency, graduated-frequency and recent recall.

AIM To compare alternative survey methods for estimating (a) levels of at risk alcohol consumption and (b) total volume of alcohol consumed per capita in comparison with estimates from sales data and to investigate reasons for under-reporting. SETTING The homes of respondents who were eligible and willing to participate. PARTICIPANTS A total of 21,674 Australians aged 14 years and older. DESIGN A 2001 national household survey of drug use, experiences and attitudes with weights applied for age, sex, geographic location and day of week of interview. MEASURES Self-completion questionnaire using quantity-frequency (QF) and graduated-frequency (GF) methods plus two questions about consumption 'yesterday': one in standard drinks, another with empirically based estimates of drink size and strength. RESULTS The highest estimate of age 14 + per capita consumption of 7.00 l of alcohol derived from recall of consumption 'yesterday' or 76.8% of the official estimate. The lowest was QF with 49.8%. When amount consumed 'yesterday' was recalled in standard drinks this estimate was 5.27 l. GF questions yielded higher estimates than did QF questions both for total volume (5.25 versus 4.54 l) and also for the proportion of the population at risk of long-term alcohol-related harm (10.6%versus 8.1%). With the detailed 'yesterday' method 61% of all consumption was on high risk drinking days. CONCLUSIONS Questions about typical quantities of alcohol consumed can lead to underestimates, as do questions about drinking 'standard drinks' of alcohol. Recent recall methods encourage fuller reporting of volumes plus more accurate estimates of unrecorded consumption and the proportion of total alcohol consumption that places drinkers at risk of harm. However, they do not capture longer-term drinking patterns. It is recommended that both recent recall and measures of longer-term drinking patterns are included in national surveys.