Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Auto-tuning support for manycore applications: perspectives for operating systems and compilers

Due to stagnating processor clock rates, parallelism will be the source for future performance improvements. Despite the growing complexity, users now demand for better performance of general-purpose parallel software without sacrificing portability and maintainability. This is difficult to achieve, and a coordinated approach is needed for the entire software hierarchy, including operating systems, compilers, and applications. In particular, performance optimization becomes more difficult because of the growing number of targets to optimize for. With mass markets for multicore systems, the diversity of multicore architectures has increased as well. Their characteristics often differ slightly, e.g., in the number of executable threads, the cache sizes and architectures, or the memory access times and bandwidth. Many parallel applications are optimized at design-time to achieve peak performance on a particular machine, but perform poorly on others. This is unacceptable for applications used in everyday life. Auto-tuners [1] have great potential to tackle this problem effectively. Instead of being hard-wired in the code, the performance-relevant parameters of a multicore application are made configurable. An auto-tuner is used on the target platform where the program is executed to systematically find an optimal configuration; this is typically not known beforehand and may be counter-intuitive. When the program is migrated to another machine, auto-tuning is repeated, thus preserving portability. In this paper, we present our novel contributions to make auto-tuning work for general-purpose parallel programs, not just scientific numerical programs. Our experimental results show that auto-tuning is promising and worth integrating into operating systems and compilers, so that manycore applications can be tuned more effectively at run-time.
An investigation: reengineering sequential procedure-driven software into object-oriented event-driven software through UML diagrams

Reengineering a COBOL legacy system is a difficult multi-step process, particularly when the COBOL legacy system is a sequential procedural-driven system which is being reengineered into an object oriented, event-driven system. In this scenario, it is necessary to analyse the legacy system in order to identify possible objects with their attributes and methods within the code and to determine how the legacy system's variables and procedures interrelate in order to model pseudo-events from strictly sequential code. The focus of reengineering is too often based on theory rather than based on experience gained from real-world examples. This paper hopes to address this imbalance by providing a practical application of reengineering to an actual legacy telecommunications system.
Supporting per-processor local-allocation buffers using lightweight user-level preemption notification

One challenge for runtime systems like the Java™ platform that depend on garbage collection is the ability to scale performance with the number of allocating threads. As the number of such threads grows, allocation of memory in the heap becomes a point of contention. To relieve this contention, many collectors allow threads to preallocate blocks of memory from the shared heap. These per-thread local-allocation buffers (LABs) allow threads to allocate most objects without any need for further synchronization. As the number of threads exceeds the number of processors, however, the cost of committing memory to local-allocation buffers becomes a challenge and sophisticated LAB-sizing policies must be employed.To reduce this complexity, we implement support for local-allocation buffers associated with processors instead of threads using multiprocess restartable critical sections (MP-RCSs). MP-RCSs allow threads to manipulate processor-local data safely. To support processor-specific transactions in dynamically generated code, we have developed a novel mechanism for implementing these critical sections that is efficient, allows preemption-notification at known points in a given critical section, and does not require explicit registration of the critical sections. Finally, we analyze the performance of per-processor LABs and show that, for highly threaded applications, this approach performs better than per-thread LABs, and allows for simpler LAB-sizing policies.
The fate of unstable gauge flux compactifications

Fluxes are widely used to stabilise extra dimensions, but the supporting monopole-like configurations are often unstable, particularly if they arise as gauge flux within a non-abelian gauge sector. We here seek the endpoint geometries to which this instability leads, focussing on the simplest concrete examples: sphere-monopole compactifications in six dimensions. Without gravity most monopoles in non-abelian gauge groups are unstable, decaying into the unique stable monopole in the same topological class. We show that the same is true in Einstein-YM systems, with the new twist that the decay leads to a shrinkage in the size of the extra dimensions and curves the non-compact directions: in D dimensions a MinkD−2 × S2 geometry supported by an unstable monopole relaxes to AdSD−2 × S2, with the endpoint sphere smaller than the initial one. For supergravity the situation is more complicated because the dilaton obstructs such a simple evolution. The endpoint instead acquires a dilaton gradient, thereby breaking some of the spacetime symmetries. For 6D supergravity we argue that it is the 4D symmetries that break, and examine several candidates for the endpoint geometry. By using the trick of dimensional oxidation it is possible to recast the supergravity system as a higher-dimensional Einstein-YM monopole, allowing understanding of this system to guide us to the corresponding endpoint. The result is a Kasner-like geometry conformal to Mink4 × S2, with nontrivial conformal factor and dilaton breaking the maximal 4D symmetry and generating a singularity. Yet the resulting configuration has a lower potential energy than did the initial one, and is perturbatively stable, making it a sensible candidate endpoint for the evolution.
Morphological segmentation of nouns using an inductive logic programming system

One of the most explored fields of NLP is morphology. It is important because language is productive: in any given text we will encounter text words an word forms that we haven't seen before and that are not in a precompiled dictionary. The core task of computational morphology is to take a word as input and produce a morphonological analysis for it. There are a lot of approaches in formalizing and automatically finding rules that implement the morphology of a language. One approach is through decision lists. Decision lists can be employed as a representation language for a wide range of tasks. Clog is a system that is based on this logic and that has been primarily developed with natural language applications in mind. So far, Clog has been successfully employed for morphology learning tasks. The research presented in this paper is about machine learning of the rules of nouns morphology in Albanian. Starting point of the research presented here are 7 lists, each consisting of 6000 pairs of feminine nouns in Albanian. The pairs in the lists hold the noun's base form and inflected form. As base word is considered the definite singular of nominative.
How to Invest Optimally in Corporate Bonds: A Reduced-Form Approach

In this paper, we analyze the impact of default risk on the portfolio decision of an investor wishing to invest in corporate bonds. Default risk is modeled via a reduced form approach and we allow for random recovery as well as joint default events. Depending on the structure of the model, we are able to derive almost explicit results for the optimal portfolio strategies. It is demonstrated how these strategies change if common default factors can trigger defaults of more than one bond or different recovery assumptions are imposed. In particular, we analyze the effect of beta distributed loss rates.
Selective ER α activation disrupts sex organ differentiation and induces expression of vitellogenin II and very low-density apolipoprotein II in Japanese quail embryos

1 The Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is a widely-used model species for studying the roles 2 of steroid hormones in avian sex differentiation. The aim of the present study was to elucidate 3 the significance of estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ER and ER) in normal sex 4 differentiation of the reproductive organs in the Japanese quail and in xenoestrogen-induced 5 disruption of reproductive-organ differentiation. Real-time PCR indicated that ER mRNA is 6 expressed in both right and left gonads and Müllerian ducts in both sexes during early 7 morphological differentiation. ER-transcripts were also detected in gonads and Müllerian 8 ducts, but at very low levels. Both receptor subtypes were expressed in the liver and may 9 therefore mediate the expression of estrogen-regulated egg-yolk proteins. Aromatase mRNA 10 was expressed at much higher levels in female than male gonads as early as embryonic day 5, 11 indicating early sex differences in estrogen synthesis. Treatment with the ER-selective 12 agonist, propyl pyrazole triol (PPT), showed that frequently-reported xenoestrogen effects 13 such as ovotestis formation, abnormal Müllerian duct development, and hepatic expression of 14 egg-yolk proteins were induced by selective activation of ER. Taken together, our results 15 suggest that activation of ER is crucial for estrogen-dependent sex differentiation of the 16 reproductive organs and that ER mediates xenoestrogen-induced toxicity during 17 reproductive development in birds.
Organ-Specific and Memory Treg Cells: Specificity, Development, Function, and Maintenance

Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are essential for establishing and maintaining self-tolerance, and also inhibit immune responses to innocuous environmental antigens. Imbalances and dysfunction in Treg cells lead to a variety of immune-mediated diseases, as deficits in Treg cell function contribute to the development autoimmune disease and pathological tissue damage, whereas overabundance of Treg cells can promote chronic infection and tumorigenesis. Recent studies have highlighted the fact that Treg cells themselves are a diverse collection of phenotypically and functionally specialized populations, with distinct developmental origins, antigen-specificities, tissue-tropisms, and homeostatic requirements. The signals directing the differentiation of these populations, their specificities and the mechanisms by which they combine to promote organ-specific and systemic tolerance, and how they embody the emerging property of regulatory memory are the focus of this review.
High performance CMOS current comparator using MTCMOS technique design

This paper presented a simulation result of current comparator with low power and low leakage current using Multi-Threshold CMOS technique (MTCMOS). In all integrated circuit power consumption plays a vital role which is enumerated as top challenges for semiconductor in international technology. In given paper designing a circuit of comparator with MTCMOS circuit and without MTCMOS circuit and then compared these circuits with different parameters by changing voltage, frequency and temperature. In these CMOS current comparator circuit different parameters calculated like delay, power dissipation, signal to noise ratio, leakage power and leakage current. The multi-threshold complementary metal oxide semiconductor technique is proposed to reduce the power consumption and leakage current. After propagating the circuit the leakage power is reduced 89% and leakage current 73% using MTCMOS technique. The new comparator has been in 180nm technology using cadence tool. The simulation and analytical result show that the proposed circuit is correct.
A Wait-Free Probe Algorithm for Distributed Deadlock Detection and Resolution

Edge-chasing is the basis of many deadlock detection algorithms. This method detects a deadlock by propagating special messages called probes along dependency edges. When the initiator of a probe receives the probe back, it knows the existence of a deadlock. Once a deadlock is detected, a special message called token is sent to clean up those probes in the deadlock cycle which, if not removed, may later lead to phantom deadlock detections. Only after the token has traversed the entire deadlock cycle and returned to its initiator, the deadlock is resolved by aborting a so-called victim in the deadlock cycle. In a deadlock, all involved transactions are held waiting and all involved resources are locked up. It is thus desirable to resolve a deadlock as soon as it is detected, without waiting for the token message to go around the deadlock cycle. This paper proposes an algorithm that achieves this and thereby reduces the average deadlock persistence time by as much as two thirds.
Is the Universe Really So Simple

The intriguing suggestion of Tegmark (1996) that the universe--contrary to all our experiences and expectations--contains only a small amount of information due to an extremely high degree of internal symmetry is critically examined. It is shown that there are several physical processes, notably Hawking evaporation of black holes and non-zero decoherence time effects described by Plaga, as well as thought experiments of Deutsch and Tegmark himself, which can be construed as arguments against the low-information universe hypothesis. In addition, an extreme form of physical reductionism is entailed by this hypothesis, and therefore any possible argumentation against such reductionism would count against it either. Some ramifications for both quantum mechanics and cosmology are briefly discussed.
Housing Market Bust and Farmland Values : Identifying the Changing Influence of Proximity to Urban Centers

100 words max): This article estimates the impact of the 2007-2008 residential housing market bust on farmland values, using parcel-level farmland sales data from 2001-2010 for a 50-county region under urbanization pressure in western Ohio. Hedonic model estimates reveal that farmland was not immune to the residential housing bust; the portion of farmland value attributable to proximity to urban areas was almost cut in half shortly after the bust in 2009-2010. Nonetheless, farmland prices remained relatively stable in the 2000s, likely due to increased demand for agricultural commodities. Our results are robust to different assumptions about the structure of the unobserved spatial correlation.
Comprehensive Border Bases for Zero Dimensional Parametric Polynomial Ideals

In this paper, we extend the idea of comprehensive Gr\"{o}bner bases given by Weispfenning (1992) to border bases for zero dimensional parametric polynomial ideals. For this, we introduce a notion of comprehensive border bases and border system, and prove their existence even in the cases where they do not correspond to any term order. We further present algorithms to compute comprehensive border bases and border system. Finally, we study the relation between comprehensive Gr\"{o}bner bases and comprehensive border bases w.r. t. a term order and give an algorithm to compute such comprehensive border bases from comprehensive Gr\"{o}bner bases.
Fully-digital time based ADC/TDC in 0.18μm CMOS

This paper proposes a fully digital sensor interface. For this, an analog to digital converter (ADC) and time to digital converter (TDC) based on a common time based ADC (TAD) architecture has been investigated. It is concluded that the proposed fully digital time-based ADC architecture can also be operated as TDC. The fully digital circuit has a ring delay line (RDL), latch, encoder and a synchronous counter. The circuit is implemented in 0. 18μm digital CMOS, achieving 139μV/LSB (14-bit, 1-MS/s, 1.6 mW) in ADC mode and 227 ps/LSB (VIN = 1.0 V, 14-bit), 94 ps/LSB (VIN = 1.8 V, 14-bit) in TDC mode respectively. In addition to the scalable design, the resolution of both TDC as well as ADC, can be set by a variable input voltage, VIN.
Regulation of the Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

Abstract Nitric oxide (NO), generated by the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), has been described to have beneficial microbicidal, antiviral, antiparasital, immunomodulatory, and antitumoral effects. However, aberrant iNOS induction at the wrong place or at the wrong time has detrimental consequences and seems to be involved in the pathophysiology of several human diseases. iNOS is primarily regulated at the expression level by transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. iNOS expression can be induced in many cell types with suitable agents such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), cytokines, and other compounds. Pathways resulting in the induction of iNOS expression may vary in different cells or different species. Activation of the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT-1α, and thereby activation of the iNOS promoter, seems to be an essential step for iNOS induction in most cells. However, at least in the human system, also post-transcriptional mechanism are critically involved in the regulation of iNOS expression. The induction of iNOS can be inhibited by a wide variety of immunomodulatory compounds acting at the transcriptional levels and/or post-transcriptionally.
A trimmed translation-invariant denoising estimator

A popular wavelet method for estimating jumps in functions is through the use of the translation-invariant (TI) estimator. The TI estimator addresses a particular problem, the susceptibility of the wavelet estimates to the location of the features in a function with respect to the support of the wavelet basis functions. The TI estimator reduces this reliance by cycling the data through a set of shifts, thus changing the relation between the wavelet support and the jump location. However, a drawback of the TI estimator is that it includes every shifted analysis in the reconstruction, even those that may reduce, rather than improve, the effectiveness of the method. In this paper, we propose a method that modifies the TI estimator to improve the jump reconstruction in terms of the mean squared errors of the reconstructions and visual performance. Information from the set of shifted data sets is used to mimic the performance of an oracle which knows exactly which are the best TI shifts to retain in the reconstruction. The TI estimate is a special case of the proposed method. A simulation study comparing this proposed method to the existing wavelet estimators and the oracle is provided.
Implementation of a Web Application for Evaluation of W eb Application Security Scanners

-With more and more people becoming Internet users there have been great increase in using Web in all areas of life, including communication, education and shopping. And as a result of these changes the security concerns have also grown. The web application vulnerability scanners help reduce these security concerns in Web-based applications. In today's market a large number of web application-scanning tools are available, e.g. QualysGuard WAS, Acunetix, Hailstorm, Appscan, WebInspect, etc. Although these tools are available in the market but question becomes how efficient they are to address security concerns in WEB applications? To compare vulnerability detection rate of different scanners, it is important to have an independent test suite. This paper describes a web application, which is intended to be used to evaluate the efficiency of QualysGuard WAS and Acunetix web application vulnerability scanners. The application implements real life scenarios for imitation of OWASPs Top Ten Security Risks that are presented in the wild. For several vulnerabilities presented in this application, we also explain defense measures, which secure the application significantly. The results of web application evaluation identifies the most challenging vulnerabilities for scanner to detect, and compare the effectiveness of scanners as penetration testing tools for exploiting OWASP Top Ten vulnerabilities. The assessment results can suggest areas that require further research to improve scanner’s detection rate.
Diagrammatic reasoning and levels of schematization

1. Seeing as and seeing in In the discussions of pictorial representation in the philosophy of art we find different ways of differentiating "seeing as" and "seeing in" a picture (Wollheim 1980). From the logical point of view the seeing as can be considered as a an abstract relation of representation (see X as Y) and from the cognitive point of view as an instance of categorial perception, where some perceived phenomena (X) is identified by assigning a type (Y) to it, i.e. subsuming it under a concept (Wollheim 1980). Where the seeing as phenomenologically is an experience of an identified particular, the seeing in is an experience of a state of affairs seen in the particular. The seeing in involves a " twofold attention " (Wollheim 1980), where the viewer identifies a set of figurative objects and simultaneously sees a whole state of affairs in their depiction. The painting Dejener sur l'herbe (1961) by Pablo Picasso contains a set of figurative objects, that we-in spite of their deformation relative to the human form-interpret as male and female bodies. We also engage in a more "imaginative seeing" (Schier 1986) however, where we interpret the scene on which these figures appear and the possible events that could take place there: we see "a picnic event" in the picture. In this imaginative seeing we freely disregard details of the picture and complement it with details not actually present in order to see some abstract idea in the picture. Through our knowledge of paintings we might even see the painting as portraying another painting, i.e. the painting with the same name by Eduard Manet (1863). Following (Schier 1986) we could assume, that we generally have a "tree-fold" experience of and attention towards pictures such as paintings: a direct seeing as, a more imaginative seeing in, as well as an attention towards those details and features that support the interpretations at both levels. Although these distinction are not without problems (Schier 1986) I will defend a more general version of this "tree-fold attention"-hypothesis, which revolves around the role of imagination in the perception of representations in general, i.e. not only "pictures" (graphical images), but also images in other media (acoustic images would give rise to similar distinctions between hearing as, hearing in and details/ features of the sound) as well as other categories of representations, such as diagrams. In the case of diagrams, it …
Energy- and Latency-Efficient Processing of Full-Text Searches on a Wireless Broadcast Stream

In wireless mobile computing environments, broadcasting is an effective and scalable technique to disseminate information to a massive number of clients, wherein the energy usage and latency are considered major concerns. This paper presents an indexing scheme for the energy- and latency-efficient processing of full-text searches over the wireless broadcast data stream. Although a lot of access methods and index structures have been proposed in the past for full-text searches, all of them are targeted for data in disk storage, not wireless broadcast channels. For full-text searches on a wireless broadcast stream, we firstly introduce a naive, inverted list-style indexing method, where inverted lists are placed in front of the data on the wireless channel. In order to reduce the latency overhead, we propose a two-level indexing method which adds another level of index structure to the basic inverted list-style index. In addition, we propose a replication strategy of the index list and index tree to further improve the latency performance. We analyze the performance of the proposed indexing scheme with respect to the latency and energy usage measures, and show the optimality of index replication. The correctness of the analysis is demonstrated through simulation experiments, and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is shown by implementing a real wireless information delivery system.