Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CAPTURE - Extending the scope of self-localization in Indoor Positioning Systems

The concept of devices cooperatively assisting with the localization of other devices in either the indoor or outdoor arena is not a new phenomenon. The primary focus of research into such a theory is however, limited to solving the problem of localization accuracy. In this work, the motivation is to provide a solution to the current range limitations of an Indoor Position System (IPS) in the form of a framework “Cooperatively Applied Positioning Techniques Utilizing Range Extension (CAPTURE)”. These range limitations are the culmination of well documented difficulties of localizing using wireless signals in such Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) environments. The coverage of a localization solution is still a new and challenging issue in the indoor environment. In this paper we implement a version of CAPTURE that uses Wi-Fi Direct and Bluetooth Low Energy (Bluetooth LE 4.0) that take advantage of mobile devices at the outer limits of an IPS to help extend its reach into blind spots, where devices cannot be currently located. CAPTURE is evaluated using a live test environment, where range estimations are recorded between cooperating devices. These range estimations are filtered before being placed into a positioning algorithm to locate lost devices. Finally the accuracy of CAPTURE is presented, demonstrating the achievable benefits of implementing CAPTURE as a solution to the problem of coverage in an Indoor environment.
A Systematic Design of Full Diversity Multiuser Space-Frequency Codes

In this paper, we propose a systematic design of full-diversity space-frequency (SF) codes for multiuser MIMO-OFDM systems. With joint maximum likelihood detection, the proposed codes can obtain full diversity over selective-fading multiple access channels. The proposed coding scheme does not require the cooperation of multiple transmitters, nor the instantaneous channel side information at the transmitters but the channel statistics. Moreover, the proposed coding scheme is bandwidth efficient in that all users send their data streams through all OFDM subchannels simultaneously to make full use of the available bandwidth.
ℓ0-Norm Sparse Hyperspectral Unmixing Using Arctan Smoothing

The goal of sparse linear hyperspectral unmixing is to determine a scanty subset of spectral signatures of materials contained in each mixed pixel and to estimate their fractional abundances. This turns into an l0 -norm minimization, which is an NP-hard problem. In this paper, we propose a new iterative method, which starts as an l1 -norm optimization that is convex, has a unique solution, converges quickly and iteratively tends to be an l0 -norm problem. More specifically, we employ the arctan function with the parameter σ ≥ 0 in our optimization. This function is Lipschitz continuous and approximates l1 -norm and l0 -norm for small and large values of σ, respectively. We prove that the set of local optima of our problem is continuous versus σ. Thus, by a gradual increase of σ in each iteration, we may avoid being trapped in a suboptimal solution. We propose to use the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) for our minimization problem iteratively while increasing σ exponentially. Our evaluations reveal the superiorities and shortcomings of the proposed method compared to several state-of-the-art methods. We consider such evaluations in different experiments over both synthetic and real hyperspectral data, and the results of our proposed methods reveal the sparsest estimated abundances compared to other competitive algorithms for the subimage of AVIRIS cuprite data.
Putative chanzyme activity of TRPM2 cation channel is unrelated to pore gating

Significance Ion channels are protein pores that allow passive transmembrane ion flow. These pores are opened and closed (gated) by various cellular signals. Typically, the mechanism of gating conformational changes is an equilibrium process, but for some channels, gating is an irreversible cycle, for example, linked to an enzymatic activity. For equilibrium mechanisms, channel activity is readily modulated by energetic stabilization of closed or open states, whereas for cyclic gating, alteration of transition-state stabilities most effectively modulates activity. Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2), a cation channel involved in multiple physiologic and pathophysiologic processes, possesses enzymatic activity, which cleaves its activating ligand. This work addresses, and rules out, a suggested link between that catalysis and pore gating in TRPM2, classifying it among the channels that gate at equilibrium. Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is a Ca2+-permeable cation channel expressed in immune cells of phagocytic lineage, pancreatic β cells, and brain neurons and is activated under oxidative stress. TRPM2 activity is required for immune cell activation and insulin secretion and is responsible for postischemic neuronal cell death. TRPM2 is opened by binding of ADP ribose (ADPR) to its C-terminal cytosolic nudix-type motif 9 (NUDT9)-homology (NUDT9-H) domain, which, when expressed in isolation, cleaves ADPR into AMP and ribose-5-phosphate. A suggested coupling of this enzymatic activity to channel gating implied a potentially irreversible gating cycle, which is a unique feature of a small group of channel enzymes known to date. The significance of such a coupling lies in the conceptually distinct pharmacologic strategies for modulating the open probability of channels obeying equilibrium versus nonequilibrium gating mechanisms. Here we examine the potential coupling of TRPM2 enzymatic activity to pore gating. Mutation of several residues proposed to enhance or eliminate NUDT9-H catalytic activity all failed to affect channel gating kinetics. An ADPR analog, α-β-methylene-ADPR (AMPCPR), was shown to be entirely resistant to hydrolysis by NUDT9, but nevertheless supported TRPM2 channel gating, albeit with reduced apparent affinity. The rate of channel deactivation was not slowed but, rather, accelerated in AMPCPR. These findings, as well as detailed analyses of steady-state gating kinetics of single channels recorded in the presence of a range of concentrations of ADPR or AMPCPR, identify TRPM2 as a simple ligand-gated channel that obeys an equilibrium gating mechanism uncoupled from its enzymatic activity.
Expression of a Functional CCR2 Receptor Enhances Tumor Localization and Tumor Eradication by Retargeted Human T cells Expressing a Mesothelin-Specific Chimeric Antibody Receptor

Purpose: Adoptive T-cell immunotherapy with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes or genetically-modified T cells has yielded dramatic results in some cancers. However, T cells need to traffic properly into tumors to adequately exert therapeutic effects. Experimental Design: The chemokine CCL2 was highly secreted by malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPM; a planned tumor target), but the corresponding chemokine receptor (CCR2) was minimally expressed on activated human T cells transduced with a chimeric antibody receptor (CAR) directed to the MPM tumor antigen mesothelin (mesoCAR T cells). The chemokine receptor CCR2b was thus transduced into mesoCAR T cells using a lentiviral vector, and the modified T cells were used to treat established mesothelin-expressing tumors. Results: CCR2b transduction led to CCL2-induced calcium flux and increased transmigration, as well as augmentation of in vitro T-cell killing ability. A single intravenous injection of 20 million mesoCAR + CCR2b T cells into immunodeficient mice bearing large, established tumors (without any adjunct therapy) resulted in a 12.5-fold increase in T-cell tumor infiltration by day 5 compared with mesoCAR T cells. This was associated with significantly increased antitumor activity. Conclusions: CAR T cells bearing a functional chemokine receptor can overcome the inadequate tumor localization that limits conventional CAR targeting strategies and can significantly improve antitumor efficacy in vivo. Clin Cancer Res; 17(14); 4719–30. ©2011 AACR.
Survey on Dynamic Resource Allocation Techniques in Cloud Environment

The growth of cloud computing infrastructures carries innovative ways to make and control computing system by means of the flexibility present with virtualization technologies. In this framework, it concentrates on two main goals. First to provide initial virtualization and cloud computing infrastructures to make distributed large scale computing platforms from various cloud providers approved to run software involving large volumes of computation power. Subsequently developing methods to formulate these infrastructures are more dynamic. This method offers inter cloud live migration planning innovative approaches to utilize the inherent dynamic environment of distributed clouds. Cloud computing permits business customers to extent up and down their resource usage founded on requires. Several of grows in the cloud model appear from resource multiplexing during virtualization technology. In this survey, it presents detailed explanation of the dynamic resource allocation approaches in cloud for cloud consumers. From this study that utilizes virtualization technology to distribute data center resources dynamically based on application requires and maintains green computing by optimizing the number of servers in employ. This manuscript introduces the idea of ―skewness‖ to determine the unevenness in the multi-dimensional resource utilization of a server. By reducing skewness, it can include different kinds of workloads properly and improve the overall utilization of server resource. Furthermore importance of limitations and advantages of using Resource Allocation in Cloud computing systems is also examined.
Development of Actively Steerable In-pipe Inspection Robot for Various Sizes

In-pipe inspection robots are designed to remove the manpower and to work in inaccessible situation. This paper describes an in-pipe inspection robot (IPIR) which consist of a fore leg system, rear leg system and a body. The fore and rear leg systems are symmetric and are constructed by using three legs. Three legs of each leg system are arranged at an angle of 120 degree with respect to each other to operate inside a pipe. The springs are put into lower section of legs to operate inside pipes of 230mm to 300mm diameter range. In this paper, mechanical design of all major components of robot is done. Solid modeling of all robot components and its assembly is done in Solidworks 14. Several experiments are conducted in pipes of different diameters and effectiveness of steering mechanism is confirmed. This robot can be used for offline visual inspection of varies pipe elements such as straight pipe, elbows and reducers. Also it can be used to find the defects and place of defects in the pipe. This robot also has wide applications in gas pipelines, water pipelines and drain pipes etc. Also it has wide scope in chemical industries as well as in gulf countries for inspection of oil and gas pipelines.
The Europeanization of Refugee Policies: Normative Challenges and Institutional Legacies

Under the Treaty of Amsterdam, and in response to the experience of the Kosovo refugee crisis, the establishment of a Common European Asylum System has become a priority in the European Union. This project constitutes a major departure from the former transgovernmental mode of co-operation in asylum matters and addresses a normative question embedded in national constitutions and international notions of human rights. In this article I examine the institutional and normative challenges facing the integration of this highly political policy field by highlighting the contradictions inherent in domestic reforms and the Europeanization of refugee policy.
Transcriptional repressor PRR5 directly regulates clock-output pathways

The circadian clock is an endogenous time-keeping mechanism that enables organisms to adapt to external daily cycles. The clock coordinates biological activities with these cycles, mainly through genome-wide gene expression. However, the exact mechanism underlying regulation of circadian gene expression is poorly understood. Here we demonstrated that an Arabidopsis PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 5 (PRR5), which acts in the clock genetic circuit, directly regulates expression timing of key transcription factors involved in clock-output pathways. A transient expression assay and ChIP-quantitative PCR assay using mutated PRR5 indicated that PRR5 associates with target DNA through binding at the CCT motif in vivo. ChIP followed by deep sequencing coupled with genome-wide expression profiling revealed the direct-target genes of PRR5. PRR5 direct-targets include genes encoding transcription factors involved in flowering-time regulation, hypocotyl elongation, and cold-stress responses. PRR5-target gene expression followed a circadian rhythm pattern with low, basal expression from noon until midnight, when PRR9, PRR7, and PRR5 were expressed. ChIP-quantitative PCR assays indicated that PRR7 and PRR9 bind to the direct-targets of PRR5. Genome-wide expression profiling using a prr9 prr7 prr5 triple mutant suggests that PRR5, PRR7, and PRR9 repress these targets. Taken together, our results illustrate a genetic network in which PRR5, PRR7, and PRR9 directly regulate expression timing of key transcription factors to coordinate physiological processes with daily cycles.
Modulo scheduling with integrated register spilling for clustered VLIW architectures

Clustering is a technique to decentralize the design of future wide issue VLIW cores and enable them to meet the technology constraints in terms of cycle time, area and power dissipation. In a clustered design, registers and functional units are grouped in clusters so that new instructions are needed to move data between them. New aggressive instruction scheduling techniques are required to minimize the negative effect of resource clustering and delays in moving data around. In this paper we present a novel software pipelining technique that performs instruction scheduling with reduced register requirements, register allocation, register spilling and inter-cluster communication in a single step. The algorithm uses limited backtracking to reconsider previously taken decisions. This backtracking provides the algorithm with additional possibilities for obtaining high throughput schedules with low spill code requirements for clustered architectures. We show that the proposed approach outperforms previously proposed techniques and that it is very scalable independently of the number of clusters, the number of communication buses and communication latency. The paper also includes an exploration of some parameters in the design of future clustered VLIW cores.
VERY HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION IMAGE SEGMENTATION BASED ON THE MULTIFRACTAL ANALYSIS

The availability of very high spatial resolution images in remote sensing brings the texture segmentation of images to a higher level of complexity. Such images have so many details that the classical segmentation algorithms fail to achieve good results. In the case of IKONOS images of forest areas, a texture can be so different within a same class that it becomes very difficult even for a human to segment or interpret those images. The study of the high frequency content of the data seems to be a good way to study those images. We work on a new method which uses the singularity information to achieve the segmentation. It is based on the computation of the Hölder regularity exponent at each point in the image. From this parameter we can compute the local Legendre or the large deviation multifractal spectrum which gives information about the geometric distribution of the singularities in the image. So we use global and local descriptors of the regularity of the signal as input parameters to a k-means algorithm. The whole algorithm is described and applied to IKONOS images as well as to an image made of brodatz textures. The segmentation results are compared to those obtained from the laws filters and the co-occurrence parameters techniques. The proposed method gives better results and is even able to segment the image in tree density classes. * Corresponding author.
Predictors of efficacy in depression prevention programmes

Background Worldwide, 340 million people are affected by depression, with high comorbid, social and economic costs. Aims To identify potential predictors of effect in prevention programmes. Method A meta-analysis was made of 69 programmes to reduce depression or depressive symptoms. Results The weighted mean effect size of 0.22 was effective for different age groups and different levels of risk, and in reducing risk factors and depressive or psychiatric symptoms. Programmes with larger effect sizes were multi-component, included competence techniques, had more than eight sessions, had sessions 60–90 min long, had a high quality of research design and were delivered by a health care provider in targeted programmes. Older people benefited from social support, whereas behavioural methods were detrimental. Conclusions An 11% improvement in depressive symptoms can be achieved through prevention programmes. Single trial evaluations should ensure high quality of the research design and detailed reporting of results and potential predictors.
Career burnout: Causes and cures.

From the combination of knowledge and actions, someone can improve their skill and ability. It will lead them to live and work much better. This is why, the students, workers, or even employers should have reading habit for books. Any book will give certain knowledge to take all benefits. This is what this career burnout causes and cures tells you. It will add more knowledge of you to life and work better. Try it and prove it.
Relationship between electrophysiological, psychophysical, and anatomical measurements in glaucoma.

PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between electrophysiological, psychophysical, and structural measurements in normal and glaucomatous eyes and to test the hypothesis that there is a continuous structure-function relationship between ganglion cell numbers and visual field sensitivity. METHODS Thirty-four normal subjects and 40 patients with glaucoma were examined with the pattern electroretinogram (PERG), perimetry and retinal tomography. Transient and steady state (SS) PERGs were recorded, and peak (P)-to-trough (N) amplitude was measured. The unit of differential light sensitivity (DLS) in perimetry is the decibel. The decibel is 10. log(1/Lambert), where the Lambert is the unit of test spot intensity. PERG amplitudes were correlated with decibel and 1/Lambert DLS for the central 18 degrees of the visual field and with neuroretinal rim area in the temporal part of the optic disc. Age-related changes in the structural and functional measurements were sought. The correlation between variables was investigated by linear and quadratic regression analysis. A quadratic (y = ax + bx(2) + c) fit was taken to be significantly better than a linear fit, if the coefficient (b) for the x(2) term was significant at P < 0.05. RESULTS A quadratic fit between decibel DLS and PERG amplitude (transient PERG: R(2) = 0.40, P = 0.0000; SS PERG: R(2) = 0.32, P = 0.0000) was significantly better than a linear fit. There was a linear correlation between 1/Lambert DLS and PERG amplitude (transient PERG: R(2) = 0.44, P = 0.0000; SS PERG: R(2) = 0.35, P = 0.0000). There was a linear correlation between temporal neuroretinal rim area and PERG amplitude (transient PERG: R(2) = 0.17, P = 0.0003; SS PERG: R(2) = 0.20, P = 0.0001). A quadratic fit between decibel DLS and temporal neuroretinal rim area (R(2) = 0.38, P = 0.0000) was significantly better than a linear fit. There was a linear correlation between 1/Lambert DLS and temporal neuroretinal rim area (R(2) = 0.30, P = 0.0000). Both DLS and PERG amplitude declined with age in the normal subjects. The rate of decline was -0.17%, -0.74%, -0.75%, and -0.78% per year for decibel DLS, 1/Lambert DLS, transient PERG, and SS PERG, respectively. CONCLUSIONS There is a curvilinear relationship between decibel DLS and both PERG amplitude and neuroretinal rim area, and a linear relationship between 1/Lambert DLS and PERG amplitude and neuroretinal rim area. These findings support the hypothesis that there is no ganglion cell functional reserve but a continuous structure-function relationship, and that the impression of a functional reserve results from the logarithmic (decibel) scaling of the visual field.
Religiosity and prejudice against ethnic movements in Europe: Cross-national tests on a controversial relationship

In this contribution we argue that previous research on religiosity and prejudice against ethnic minorities has been seriously hampered. Therefore, we set out to establish the relationship between different dimensions of religiosity and prejudice in 11 cross-national European samples, employing comparable measurements of religiosity, controlling for individual and national characteristics. A crucial finding is that Catholics and Protestants support prejudice against ethnic minorities more than non-religious people. It turns out that the more frequently people attend church, the more they are prejudiced. Subscribing to doctrinal beliefs reduces prejudice. The more salient religiosity is in people's lives and the more spirituality they experience, the more they dissociate from prejudice. However, the stronger people subscribe to religious particularism, the stronger their prejudice is. We would like to emphasize that the effects of religiosity are equal across countries and not spurious: controlling for other relevant individual and national characteristics does not substantially reduce the effects of specific dimensions of religiosity on prejudice against ethnic minorities.
On Translation Invariant Kernels and Screw Functions

We explore the connection between Hilbertian metrics and positive denite kernels on the real line. In particular, we look at a well-known characterization of translation invariant Hilbertian metrics on the real line by von Neumann and Schoenberg (1941). Using this result we are able to give an alternate proof of Bochner’s theorem for translation invariant positive denite kernels on the real line (Rudin, 1962).
Talking about sexual assault: Society's response to survivors (2nd ed.).

Sexual assault is a traumatic experience for any woman. Furthermore, many victims who tell others about their assault must endure a 'second assault' in the form of negative reactions, such as victim blaming and disbelief. One third to two thirds of victims may experience such reactions, which have negative mental and physical health effects on the victims. This book provides a comprehensive look at women's rape disclosure, addressing such issues as why, how often, and to whom women disclose their sexual assault; how people respond to disclosures; what factors influence how they respond to disclosures; and how these responses affect survivors. With an ecological approach, the book considers the social context of rape, arguing that negative social reactions emanate from broader social norms and attitudes about rape. Multiple perspectives are considered, including those of survivors, informal support providers (family, friends, and intimate partners), and formal support providers (therapists, victim advocates, and others). Finally, recommendations for research, treatment, and intervention are provided. Powerful, insightful, and provocative, this book is essential reading for everyone who works with sexual assault victims, including therapists, health care workers, victim advocates, rape researchers, policy makers, and students in any of these fields.