Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive modalities in a course based on mobile learning

The objective of this research was to explore the function of smartphones in the modes of cognition. The research question refers to the modes of cognition associated with the use of mobile devices in a university course. To answer this inquiry, we used an exploratory type study, with a qualitative approach and design of case study with multiple units. The sample consisted of 53 students of the degree in Engineering in Business Management of the Instituto Tecnológico de Hermosillo. To collect the data we used the semi-structured interview, the participant observation, the survey and the analysis of secondary documents. Qualitative data were analyzed using linear and axial coding. The results show the predominance of knowledge modalities such as empirical cognition and distributed cognition, which contrast with the results obtained by other studies on mobile learning and the development of cognitive skills. We conclude that mobile learning induce an empirical cognition, based on the execution of procedures that oscillate between the algorithmic and the heuristic mental activity. Palabras clave Aprendizaje móvil, cognición distribuida, cognición empírica, dispositivos móviles
Painful, degenerating intervertebral discs up-regulate neurite sprouting and CGRP through nociceptive factors

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVD) can result in chronic low back pain, a common cause of morbidity and disability. Inflammation has been associated with IVD degeneration, however the relationship between inflammatory factors and chronic low back pain remains unclear. Furthermore, increased levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are both associated with inflammation and chronic low back pain, but whether degenerating discs release sufficient concentrations of factors that induce nociceptor plasticity remains unclear. Degenerating IVDs from low back pain patients and healthy, painless IVDs from human organ donors were cultured ex vivo. Inflammatory and nociceptive factors released by IVDs into culture media were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays and protein arrays. The ability of factors released to induce neurite growth and nociceptive neuropeptide production was investigated. Degenerating discs release increased levels of tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, NGF and BDNF. Factors released by degenerating IVDs increased neurite growth and calcitonin gene‐related peptide expression, both of which were blocked by anti‐NGF treatment. Furthermore, protein arrays found increased levels of 20 inflammatory factors, many of which have nociceptive effects. Our results demonstrate that degenerating and painful human IVDs release increased levels of NGF, inflammatory and nociceptive factors ex vivo that induce neuronal plasticity and may actively diffuse to induce neo‐innervation and pain in vivo.
Employability in the Bologna process: an area of tension between society, businesses and students

The concept of employability plays an increasingly important role in the political discussion, especially in the educational context of the Bologna Process. The emergence of this topic has to be considered against the background of different developments: Restructuring of labour markets and classes of business, changed economic requirements, internationalisation, europeanisation of educational policy etc. Thus, the discourse about employability is an expression of ongoing changes, which do not only affect the state and businesses, but also individuals. This article considers the question, which requirements result from the focussing of courses of studies on the employability of their graduates for universities. It will be inquired, how not only the state and businesses, but also individuals are affected by the employability strategy.
A Modular Language for Concurrent Programming

How will programmers respond to the long-promised concurrency revolution, which now appears both inevitable and imminent? One common answer is “by adding threads to objects”. This paper presents an alternative answer that we believe will reduce rather than add complexity to the software of the future. Building on the ideas of an earlier generation, we propose a modern programming language based on message passing. A module cannot invoke a method in another module, but can only send data to it. Modules may be constructed from other modules, thus permitting processes within processes. Our goal is to provide the flexibility and expressiveness of concurrent programming while limiting, as much as possible, the complexity caused by nondeterminism. The principle innovations reported in the paper derive from bringing together ideas—some well known, but others almost forgotten—found in the historical software literature, and combining these ideas to solve problems facing modern software developers. In addition, at least one idea reported here appears to be novel, namely the introduction of an interface hierarchy based not on data elements or methods, but on path expressions, on the actual flow of control within a module. It is more natural to classify components of a process-oriented system by control flow rather than data content. Another novel feature is the integration of unit tests into the source of each component, thus reducing the possibilities for testing to get out of step with development.
Query processing issues in image (multimedia) databases

Multimedia database systems are essential for the effective and efficient use of large collections of image data. The aim of such systems is to enable retrieval of images based on their contents. As part of our research in this area, we are building a prototype content-based image retrieval system called CHITRA. This uses a four-level data model, and we have defined a fuzzy object query language (FOQL) for this system. This system enables retrieval based on high-level concepts, such as "retrieve images of mountains and sunset". A problem faced in this system is the processing of complex queries such as "retrieve all images that have a similar color histogram and a similar texture to the given example image". Such problems have attracted research attention in recent times. R. Fagin (1996) has given an algorithm for processing such queries and provided a probabilistic upper bound for the complexity of the algorithm (which has been implemented in IBM's Garlic project). In this paper, we provide a theoretical (probabilistic) analysis of the expected cost of this algorithm. We propose a new multi-step query processing algorithm and prove that it performs better than Fagin's algorithm in all cases. Our algorithm requires fewer database accesses. We have evaluated both algorithms against an image database of 1000 images on our CHITRA system. We have used both color histogram and Gabor texture features. Our analysis is presented and the reported experimental results validate our algorithm (which has a significant performance improvement).
Accounting for the heterogeneity in inter-generational links in educational attainment across Europe

We use data drawn from the European Social Survey to investigate the extent of inter-generational links in educational attainment across twenty-four European countries. We find that there is a lot of cross-country variation in the observed patterns especially when gender distinction is made at both the parents’ and the children’s generations. To account for the variation in the estimates obtained in separate country regressions, we propose the use of simple educational inequality measures as country-level control variables. While the variation in the children’s educational attainment turns out to be positively associated with the level of inter-generational links, the opposite is the case for the variation in the parents’ attainment. The introduction of country-level variables into the analysis brings about the estimation of the econometric models on the pooled sample of all countries and the use of multilevel modeling methods which we find to perform better than least squares estimation.
Estimates of the volume of capital services

This article presents estimates of the volume of capital services for the United Kingdom as a whole as well as by industry. This experimental measure complements the wealth measures presented in the National Accounts and builds on the work done to improve these measures. The volume index of capital services weights together the growth in the net stock of assets using shares that reflect the relative productivity of the different assets that make up the capital stock. The article describes the method used to do this and explores the impact of treating ICT goods separately. Data related to current work and results are available at the National Statistics website: http://www.statistics. gov.uk.
Generation and Characterisation of Mice Deficient in the Multi-GTPase Domain Containing Protein, GIMAP8

Background GTPases of the immunity-associated protein family (GIMAPs) are predominantly expressed in mature lymphocytes. Studies of rodents deficient in GIMAP1, GIMAP4, or GIMAP5 have demonstrated that these GTPases regulate lymphocyte survival. In contrast to the other family members, GIMAP8 contains three potential GTP-binding domains (G-domains), a highly unusual feature suggesting a novel function for this protein. To examine a role for GIMAP8 in lymphocyte biology we examined GIMAP8 expression during lymphocyte development. We also generated a mouse deficient in GIMAP8 and examined lymphocyte development and function. Principal Findings We show that GIMAP8 is expressed in the very early and late stages of T cell development in the thymus, at late stages during B cell development, and peripheral T and B cells. We find no defects in T or B lymphocyte development in the absence of GIMAP8. A marginal decrease in the number of recirculating bone marrow B cells suggests that GIMAP8 is important for the survival of mature B cells within the bone marrow niche. We also show that deletion of GIMAP8 results in a delay in apoptotic death of mature T cell in vitro in response to dexamethasone or γ-irradiation. However, despite these findings we find that GIMAP8-deficient mice mount normal primary and secondary responses to a T cell dependent antigen. Conclusions Despite its unique structure, GIMAP8 is not required for lymphocyte development but appears to have a minor role in maintaining recirculating B cells in the bone marrow niche and a role in regulating apoptosis of mature T cells.
Diverse lamin-dependent mechanisms interact to control chromatin dynamics

Interconnected functional strategies govern chromatin dynamics in eukaryotic cells. In this context, A and B type lamins, the nuclear intermediate filaments, act on diverse platforms involved in tissue homeostasis. On the nuclear side, lamins elicit large scale or fine chromatin conformational changes, affect DNA damage response factors and transcription factor shuttling. On the cytoplasmic side, bridging-molecules, the LINC complex, associate with lamins to coordinate chromatin dynamics with cytoskeleton and extra-cellular signals. Consistent with such a fine tuning, lamin mutations and/or defects in their expression or post-translational processing, as well as mutations in lamin partner genes, cause a heterogeneous group of diseases known as laminopathies. They include muscular dystrophies, cardiomyopathy, lipodystrophies, neuropathies, and progeroid syndromes. The study of chromatin dynamics under pathological conditions, which is summarized in this review, is shedding light on the complex and fascinating role of the nuclear lamina in chromatin regulation.
A New Effective System for Filtering Pornography Videos

Videos are consider in these time an important way to record our life moments. Nowadays and with the widespread of using Internet, videos can be shared easily between different countries and between peoples around the world. Now due the ease of using computer and internet any one easily by pushing a button can download a video from the internet which can evolves good or bad contents (harmful or useful) and this contents may have impact specially on children and minors, so effective filtering of videos is of paramount importance in an video filtering solutions. Videos consists of set of numerous frames (set of images) which are viewed in sequence which result which result video. This paper represent a new effective system for Filtering pornography videos based on skin recognition technique. Nevertheless, the results of our experiments show that this approach is indeed able to provide good recognition rates for pornography detection at the frame level. KeywordsSkin recognition, pornography detection, Video snapshots, Internet Download Managers.
Proteomic Profiling for Identification of Novel Biomarkers Differentially Expressed in Human Ovaries from Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients

Objectives To identify differential protein expression pattern associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Twenty women were recruited for the study, ten with PCOS as a test group and ten without PCOS as a control group. Differential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE) analysis and mass spectroscopy were employed to identify proteins that were differentially expressed between the PCOS and normal ovaries. The differentially expressed proteins were further validated by western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results DIGE analysis revealed eighteen differentially expressed proteins in the PCOS ovaries of which thirteen were upregulated, and five downregulated. WB and IHC confirmed the differential expression of membrane-associated progesterone receptor component 1 (PGRMC1), retinol-binding protein 1 (RBP1), heat shock protein 90B1, calmodulin 1, annexin A6, and tropomyosin 2. Also, WB analysis revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher expression of PGRMC1 and RBP1 in PCOS ovaries as compared to the normal ovaries. The differential expression of the proteins was also validated by IHC. Conclusions The present study identified novel differentially expressed proteins in the ovarian tissues of women with PCOS that can serve as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of PCOS using molecular interventions.
The Safety and Efficiency of Surgery with Colonic Stents in Left-Sided Malignant Colonic Obstruction: A Meta-Analysis

Objective. This meta-analysis is aimed at assessing the safety and efficiency of colonic self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) used as a bridge to surgery in the management of left-sided malignant colonic obstruction (LMCO). Methods. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, OVID, Google Scholar, CNKI, and WANGFANG for relevant randomized trials comparing colonic stenting used as a bridge in semielective surgery versus emergency surgery from January 2001 to September 2013. Result. Five published studies were included in this systematic review, including 273 patients (140 male/133 female). 136 patients received semielective surgery after SEMS installation while 137 patients underwent emergency surgery without SEMS. SEMS intervention resulted in significantly lower overall colostomy rate (41.9% versus 56.2%, P = 0.02), surgical site infection rate (10.2% versus 19.7%, P = 0.03), and overall complication rate (29.2% versus 60.5%, P = 0.05). There was no statistic difference for the rate of primary anastomosis, anastomotic leak and operation-related mortality between two groups. Conclusions. semielective surgery with SEMS as a bridge for proper patients of LMCO can lower the overall rate for colostomy, surgical site infection, and complications.
Propositional attitudes

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Study of fuzzy clustering methods for malicious codes using native API call frequency

The Native API is a system call which can only be accessed with the authentication of the administrator. It can be used to detect a variety of malicious codes which can only be executed with the administrator's authority. Therefore, much research is being done on detection methods using the characteristics of the Native API. Most of these researches are being done by using supervised learning methods of machine learning. However, the classification standards of Anti-Virus companies do not reflect the characteristics of the Native API Call. As a result the population data used in the supervised learning methods is not accurate. Therefore, more research is needed on the topic of classification standards using the Native API for detection. This paper proposes a method for classifying malicious codes using a fuzzy clustering method with the Native API Call standard. The accuracy of the proposed method uses machine learning to compare detection rates with previous classifying methods for evaluation.
Chapter 1 Links Reconstruction Attack Using Link Prediction Algorithms to Compromise Social Networks Privacy

The explosion in the use of social networks has also created new kinds of security and privacy threats. Many users are unaware of the risks involved with exposing their personal information, which makes social networks a “bonanza” for identity thieves. In addition, it has already been proven that even concealing all personal data might not be sufficient for providing protection, as personal information can be inferred by analyzing a person’s connections to other users. In attempts to cope with these risks, some users hide parts of their social connections to other users. In this paper we present “link reconstruction attack”, a method that can infer a user’s connections to others with high accuracy. This attack can be used to detect connections that a user wanted to hide in order to preserve his privacy. We show that concealing one’s links is ineffective if not done by others in the network. We also provide an analysis of the performances of various machine learning algorithms for link prediction inside small communities.
The Effects of Cortical Feedback on the 4 Spatial Properties of Relay Cells in the 5 Lateral Geniculate Nucleus 6 7 8

19 Feedback connections to early-level sensory neurons have been shown to affect many 20 characteristics of their neural response. As selectivity for stimulus size is a 21 fundamental property of visual neurons, we examined the summation tuning and 22 discretely mapped receptive field properties for cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus 23 (LGN) both with and without feedback from visual cortex. Using extracellular 24 recording in halothane anesthetized cats, we used small luminance probes displaced 25 in Cartesian co-ordinates to measure discrete response area; and optimal sinusoidal 26 gratings of varying diameter to estimate preferred optimal summation size and level of 27 center-surround antagonism. In conditions where most cortical feedback was 28 pharmacologically removed, discretely mapped RF response areas showed an overall 29 significant enlargement for the population compared to control conditions. A switch 30 to increased levels of burst firing, spatially displaced from the receptive field center, 31 suggested this was mediated by changes in excitatory-inhibitory balance across visual 32 space. Using co-extensive stimulation, there were overall highly significant increases 33 in the optimal summation size and reduction of surround antagonism with removal of 34 cortical feedback in the LGN. Fitting a difference of Gaussians (DOG) model, changes 35 in the center size, center amplitude and surround amplitude parameters were most 36 significantly related to the removal of cortical feedback. In summary, cortico-thalamic 37 innervation of the visual thalamus can modify spatial summation properties in LGN 38 relay cells, an effect most parsimoniously explained by changes in the excitatory39 inhibitory balance. 40
Modeling Consumer Demand for a Large Set of Quality Differentiated Goods : Estimation and Welfare Results from a Systems Approach *

We develop an approach for estimating individual level preferences for a large set of quality differentiated goods and for constructing Hicksian welfare measures for price and quality changes within the demand system framework. Our approach uses a simulated maximum likelihood estimation procedure for recovering estimates of the structural parameters and an adaptive Metropolis-Hastings algorithm for constructing Hicksian consumer surplus estimates. We illustrate our approach with a recreation data set consisting of day trips to 62 Mid-Atlantic beaches. JEL Classification: C15, D12, D61, Q26
Modelling and simulation of social systems with INGENIAS

Most agent-based simulation toolkits are based on the Java programming language. This makes their use difficult for social scientists, who are usually not skilled in computer programming. However, agent modelling concepts are not unlike those which could be used for the modelling of social systems. This assumption is considered in proposing the use of a graphical agent-oriented language for the specification of social simulation models, and for transforming (automatically) these models to code for an agent-based simulation toolkit. In this manner, a social scientist could prepare social models in a more convenient way, and execute simulations on existing simulation toolkits, getting results back in terms of the model. This framework is built with a set of agent development tools, specifically, the INGENIAS Development Kit (IDK), which provides a customisable model editor and modules for automatic code generation.
Analysis of Field Data on Web Security Vulnerabilities

Most web applications have critical bugs (faults) affecting their security, which makes them vulnerable to attacks by hackers and organized crime. To prevent these security problems from occurring it is of utmost importance to understand the typical software faults. This paper contributes to this body of knowledge by presenting a field study on two of the most widely spread and critical web application vulnerabilities: SQL Injection and XSS. It analyzes the source code of security patches of widely used Web applications written in weak and strong typed languages. Results show that only a small subset of software fault types, affecting a restricted collection of statements, is related to security. To understand how these vulnerabilities are really exploited by hackers, this paper also presents an analysis of the source code of the scripts used to attack them. The outcomes of this study can be used to train software developers and code inspectors in the detection of such faults and are also the foundation for the research of realistic vulnerability and attack injectors that can be used to assess security mechanisms, such as intrusion detection systems, vulnerability scanners, and static code analyzers.