Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric history and subthreshold symptoms as predictors of the occurrence of depressive or anxiety disorder within 2 years.

BACKGROUND Past episodes of depressive or anxiety disorders and subthreshold symptoms have both been reported to predict the occurrence of depressive or anxiety disorders. It is unclear to what extent the two factors interact or predict these disorders independently. AIMS To examine the extent to which history, subthreshold symptoms and their combination predict the occurrence of depressive (major depressive disorder, dysthymia) or anxiety disorders (social phobia, panic disorder, agoraphobia, generalised anxiety disorder) over a 2-year period. METHOD This was a prospective cohort study with 1167 participants: the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Anxiety and depressive disorders were determined with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, subthreshold symptoms were determined with the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS Occurrence of depressive disorder was best predicted by a combination of a history of depression and subthreshold symptoms, followed by either one alone. Occurrence of anxiety disorder was best predicted by both a combination of a history of anxiety disorder and subthreshold symptoms and a combination of a history of depression and subthreshold symptoms, followed by any subthreshold symptoms or a history of any disorder alone. CONCLUSIONS A history and subthreshold symptoms independently predicted the subsequent occurrence of depressive or anxiety disorder. Together these two characteristics provide reasonable discriminative value. Whereas anxiety predicted the occurrence of an anxiety disorder only, depression predicted the occurrence of both depressive and anxiety disorders.
Depletion of serotonin in the nervous system of Aplysia reduces the behavioral enhancement of gill withdrawal as well as the heterosynaptic facilitation produced by tail shock

Noxious stimuli, such as electrical shocks to the animal's tail, enhance Aplysia's gill- and siphon-withdrawal reflex. Previous experimental work has indicated that this behavioral enhancement, known as dishabituation (if the reflex has been habituated) or sensitization (if it has not been habituated), might be mediated, at least in part, by the endogenous monoaminergic transmitter serotonin (5-HT). To assess 5-HT's role in dishabituation and sensitization of Aplysia withdrawal reflex, we treated Aplysia with the serotonergic neurotoxin 5,7- dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT). We found that 5,7-DHT treatment significantly reduced the dishabituation of the withdrawal reflex produced by tail shock. Treatment with the neurotoxin also blocked the heterosynaptic facilitation of monosynaptic connections between siphon sensory neurons and their follower cells, which contributes to the behavioral enhancement. Analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography indicated that 5,7-DHT treatment significantly reduced 5- HT levels in the Aplysia CNS. Moreover, the neurotoxic effects of 5,7- DHT appeared to be relatively specific for serotonergic pathways. Thus, 5,7-DHT treatment did not disrupt the ability of nonserotonergic facilitatory interneurons, the L29 cells, to facilitate the connections of siphon sensory neurons. Also, 5,7-DHT reduced 5-HT-dependent, but not dopamine-dependent, histofluorescence in Aplysia central ganglia. Finally, 5,7-DHT does not reduce the levels of the facilitatory peptides SCPA and SCPB within the Aplysia CNS. Our results, together with those of Mackey et al. (1989), indicate that 5-HT plays a major role in mediating dishabituation and sensitization of Aplysia's withdrawal reflex.
The Earth’s Gamma‐ray Albedo as observed by EGRET

The Earth’s high energy gamma‐ray emission is caused by cosmic ray interactions with the atmosphere. The EGRET detector on‐board the CGRO satellite is only the second experiment (after SAS‐2) to provide a suitable dataset for the comprehensive study of this emission. Approximately 60% of the EGRET dataset consist of gamma photons from the Earth. This conference contribution presents the first results from the first analysis project to tackle this large dataset. Ultimate purpose is to develop an analytical model of the Earth’s emission for use in the GLAST project. The results obtained so far confirm the earlier results from SAS‐2 and extend them in terms of statistical precision and angular resolution.
Protective role of female gender in programmed accelerated renal aging in the rat

The aging kidney exhibits a progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate, accompanied by inflammatory and oxidative damage. We hypothesized that accelerated, age‐related progression of renal injury is ovarian hormones‐dependant. To address this we used an established model of developmentally programmed accelerated renal aging in the rat, superimposed by ovariectomy to assess interactions between ovarian hormones and the aging process. Under our experimental conditions, we found that kidney function worsens with age, that is GFR reduces over 18 month analyzed time‐course and this was worsened by fetal exposure to maternal low‐protein diet and absence of estrogen. Reduction in GFR was followed by increases in albuminuria, proteinuria, inflammatory markers, and tissue carbonyls, all suggesting inflammatory response and oxidative stress. This was associated with changes in AGTR2 expression which was greater at 18 months of age compared to earlier time points, but in MLP offspring only. Our studies show an influence of ovarian hormones on programmed accelerated renal aging and the AGTR2 across the lifespan. The main findings are that ovariectomy is a risk factor for increased aging‐related renal injury and that this and oxidative damage might be related to changes in AGTR2 expression.
The effect of substrate noise on a 5.2 GHz LC-Tank VCO performance in a lightly doped substrate

Voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is one of the most sensitive analog circuits that suffer from the harmful effects of noise which is generated by the switching of digital circuits residing on a common substrate. This paper studies the effect of substrate noise on the performance of a 5.2 GHz LC-Tank VCO in a lightly doped substrate. It will be shown that the noise can couple into different components in the VCO, leading to spur generation at the sidebands of the oscillation frequency which will cause phase noise degradation of LC-tank VCO. This work uses the results of substrate modeling in high frequency region. It supposes the substrate not as a purely resistive network but a resistive-capacitive network to account for the behavior of the substrate in high frequency and RF regimes.
Patterns of Recurrence and Role of Pelvic Radiotherapy in Ovarian Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma

Objective(s) The aims of this study were to analyze patterns of recurrence in patients with ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma (CCA) and to evaluate the role of pelvic radiotherapy (RT). Methods and Materials All patients with ovarian CCA treated at a single institution between 1989 and 2012 were identified, and their medical records were reviewed. Eligibility criteria included histologic diagnosis of pure CCA of the ovary, surgical staging for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I-to-IIIC disease, and adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Selected end points were 3-, 5-, and 8-year cumulative incidence of pelvic recurrence (CIPR). Results Fifty-six patients met eligibility criteria. Most received intravenous carboplatin and paclitaxel for a median of 6 cycles. Six patients (10.7%) received pelvic RT, and 50 (89.3%) did not. Pelvic RT patients had stage I-to-IIC disease. Median follow-up was 39 months (range, 1–69 months). For the group as a whole, 14 patients (25%) had initial disease recurrence involving the pelvis, whereas 6 (10.7%) had first recurrence outside the pelvis. Three-, 5- and 8-year CIPR were 28.2%, 38.5%, and 43.2%, respectively. There was no significant difference in 3-, 5-, or 8-year CIPR between the group of patients receiving RT (20%, 20%, and 20%) and a group of patients with stages I to IIC who did not receive RT (9.9%, 22.4%, and 30.2%), P = 0.22. During RT, patients developed mild grade 1-to-2 side effects. After RT, 1 patient developed lower extremity lymphedema with recurrent cellulitis. One patient who developed small bowel obstruction before RT developed small bowel radiation enteritis and obstruction after RT, ultimately requiring surgical intervention. Conclusions These findings suggest that ovarian CCA exhibits a propensity for pelvic recurrence after surgery and chemotherapy. RT, a local treatment that can effectively sterilize microscopic tumor cells, may benefit patients with this disease. Prospective studies with sufficient statistical power are warranted to further evaluate the role of RT.
Dynamic Line Integral Convolution for Visualizing Streamline Evolution

The depiction of time-dependent vector fields is a central problem in scientific visualization. This article describes a technique for generating animations of such fields where the motion of the streamlines to be visualized is given by a second "motion" vector field. Each frame of our animation is a line integral convolution of the original vector field with a time-varying input texture. The texture is evolved according to the associated motion vector field via an automatically adjusted set of random particles. We demonstrate this technique with examples from electromagnetism.
Redefining roles: Language learners, teachers and technology

This paper is adapted from The Great Divide: Mixing Teachers and Technology published in The Impact of Technology on Language, Learning and Teaching: What, How and Why. (2009) ed Ward, C. Singapore: SEAMEO Regional Language Centre. The paper focuses on the importance of having a learning theory to clarify the roles of teachers and technologies in a blended approach to English learning. The brain-based learning theory, Recursive Hierarchical Recognition (RHR) is introduced and briefly described.
Geochemical evaluation of high sulfate levels in Ponca Creek, northeastern Nebraska

Most surface water and shallow groundwater occurring in northeastern Nebraska are of the calcium bicarbonate type, with minor concentrations (e.g., 10–200 mg/L) of sulfate (SO4). Examination of historical water quality data (major cations and anions) for Ponca Creek, a predominantly ephemeral stream in northeastern Nebraska, revealed that SO4 concentrations ranged from about 110 to almost 1000 mg/L and contribute to a calcium sulfate hydrochemical facies. Consequently, most SO4 concentrations were above the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary maximum contaminant level in drinking water of 250 mg/L. Sulfate concentrations for the same period for a nearby stream, Verdigre Creek, range from about 20 to 120 mg/L. Research into probable sources of the elevated SO4 in Ponca Creek revealed that a Late Cretaceous shale, the Pierre Shale, occurs at or near the land surface throughout most of the creek's drainage area, whereas alluvium, other Quaternary deposits, or the Tertiary Ogallala Formation comprises the streambed in Verdigre Creek. The Pierre Shale, encompassing soils formed on this Cretaceous shale, is rich in sulfate-bearing minerals (e.g., gypsum, pyrite, jarosite) that comprise the principal source of the high sulfate in drainage basin soils, alluvium, creek discharge, and shallow groundwater of the Ponca Creek watershed. A public domain geochemical speciation software (Visual MINTEQ) was used to investigate aqueous SO4 geochemistry of Ponca Creek flow. Calculated saturation indices for Ponca Creek waters suggest that they are slightly undersaturated with respect to gypsum and anhydrite despite significant sulfate dissolution and are slightly supersaturated with respect to calcite in numerous samples.
Optical Recording Reveals Novel Properties of GSK1016790A-Induced Vanilloid Transient Receptor Potential Channel TRPV4 Activity in Primary Human Endothelial Cells

Critical functions of the vascular endothelium are regulated by changes in intracellular [Ca2+]. Endothelial dysfunction is tightly associated with cardiovascular disease, and improved understanding of Ca2+ entry pathways in these cells will have a significant impact on human health. However, much about Ca2+ influx channels in endothelial cells remains unknown because they are difficult to study using conventional patch-clamp electrophysiology. Here we describe a novel, highly efficient method for recording and analyzing Ca2+-permeable channel activity in primary human endothelial cells using a unique combination of total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM), custom software-based detection, and selective pharmacology. Our findings indicate that activity of the vanilloid (V) transient receptor potential (TRP) channel TRPV4 can be rapidly recorded and characterized at the single-channel level using this method, providing novel insight into channel function. Using this method, we show that although TRPV4 protein is evenly distributed throughout the plasma membrane, most channels are silent even during maximal stimulation with the potent TRPV4 agonist N-((1S)-1-{[4-((2S)-2-{[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-3-hydroxypropanoyl)-1-piperazinyl]carbonyl}-3-methylbutyl)-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide (GSK1016790A). Furthermore, our findings indicate that GSK1016790A acts by recruiting previously inactive channels, rather than through increasing elevation of basal activity.
On the Impact of Cross-Layer Information Leakage on Anonymity in Crowds

Common anonymizers focus only on a part of the users' personal identification information, namely on the network addresses of the communicating parties. In the light of the entire communication stack, even if the network addresses are perfectly anonymized, information leakage at one of the other layers can completely wipe out the entire effort. No popular anonymization network follows a holistic approach; all neglect the other layers. For example, at the application layer, they neither filter out nor even warn about information that may look innocent to the end-user, though it may be revealing. Security analysis of anonymizing networks usually also focuses only on a single layer. It has been shown that in theory taking more layers into account may help to enhance attacks. In this paper, we show how innocent-looking application layer data can be practically used to speedup the network-layer attack in the Crowds anonymization system, which is often applied in wireless and mobile networks. To this end, we define two new attacks -- the cross-layer and the combined attack -- to facilitate the process and show their superiority compared to the earlier predecessor attack. The attacks we propose allow not only building extensive user profiles at low cost, but also speeding up traditional network layer attacks, which are targeted at the identification of users' peer partners. Our analysis uncovers the consequences of ignoring the consideration of information that is available to the attacker. Without a holistic approach to analysis, it is not possible to perform a realistic threat assessment.
Direct Evidence for the Economy of Action: Glucose and the Perception of Geographical Slant

When locomoting in a physically challenging environment, the body draws upon available energy reserves to accommodate increased metabolic demand. Ingested glucose supplements the body's energy resources, whereas non-caloric sweetener does not. Two experiments demonstrate that participants who had consumed a glucose-containing drink perceived the slant of a hill to be less steep than did participants who had consumed a drink containing non-caloric sweetener. The glucose manipulation influenced participants' explicit awareness of hill slant but, as predicted, it did not affect a visually guided action of orienting a tilting palmboard to be parallel to the hill. Measured individual differences in factors related to bioenergetic state, such as fatigue, sleep quality, fitness, mood, and stress, also affected perception: lower energetic states were associated with steeper perceptions of hill slant. This research shows that the perception of the spatial layout of the environment is influenced by the energetic resources available for locomotion within it. Our findings are consistent with the view that spatial perceptions are influenced by bioenergetic factors.
Male Contribution to Diet and Female Reproductive Success among Foragers1

Male-female bonds in humans have long been attributed to the need for male assistance with provisioning of offspring (Westermarck 1929, Lovejoy 1981, Lancaster and Lancaster 1983). Recently, however, attention has been drawn to several features of modern foragers (and presumably our ancestors) that challenge the paternal-investment theory of human pair bonding: (1) Men in some foraging societies contribute less to the diet than women do (Hiatt 1974, Kelly 1995) yet marriage still exists. (2) Forager women are less dependent on husbands when they can gather food and when they live with their own kin, and postmarital residence is much more flexible among foragers than in traditional agricultural societies (van den Berghe 1979, Marlowe 2000a). (3) Hunting provides such unpredictable returns that it should be a poor strategy for provisioning children (Hawkes, O’Connell, and Blurton Jones 1991). (4) The foods men acquire (e.g., meat, fish, and honey) tend to be shared widely outside the household (Kaplan and Hill 1985, Bliege Bird and Bird 1997, Hawkes, O’Connell, and Blurton Jones 2001), with the result that the wives of good foragers may receive no more food than others in camp. (5) The effect of fathers’ absence on offspring survival does not predict marital stability as well as do men’s mating opportunities (Blurton Jones et al. 2000). These challenges to the paternal-investment theory have left some asking just how important provisioning by men is to forager women. Females should allocate available energy to reducing offspring mortality and/or increasing fertility in ways that maximize their own reproductive success (Lack 1968, Smith and Fretwell 1974). Therefore, in this paper I use demographic data on foragers to test whether male provisioning—for which male contribution to diet serves as a proxy—enhances female reproductive success. While others have analyzed the demography of some foraging populations (Hewlett 1991; Bentley, Jasienska, and Goldberg 1993; Kelly 1995; Pennington 1996; Sellen and Mace 1997, 1999) and some have analyzed male contribution to diet among foragers (Lee 1968, Hiatt 1974, Barry and Schlegel 1982, Ember 1978, Kelly 1995), here I consider the two together. In addition, I control for habitat quality. The comparative approach I adopt ignores variation within societies, which would be more informative about cause and effect, but allows me to generalize across all foraging societies. I will show that male contribution to diet does enhance female reproductive success and go on to discuss the implications of this for our mating system.
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL FACULDADE DE BIBLIOTECONOMIA E COMUNICAÇÃO DEPARTAMENTO DE COMUNICAÇÃO

In this work, we investigate tactical media and its appropriation by the extreme right-wing online movement called alt-right. The study of the origins and practices of tactical media and hacktivism, tactical media‟s displacement to the virtual environment, were necessary so that we could draw a comparative line with the speech and actions of alt-right. We begin with a theoretical discussion about tactical media, their emergence and definition, and introduce the groups and theories that inform their practitioners and the effects they seek to produce with tactical media. Then we highlight the relationship between countercultures and cyberculture to deal with hacktivism, and more specifically, the hacktivist group Anonymous, whose origins and ways of acting are reflected in the alt-right. Finally, we deal more closely with the tactical use of media, through hacktivism, of the alt-right, dealing with their emergence and the tactics used by these activists from the perspective of a continuity, but also a rupture with tactical media collectives.
Can Bacteriotherapy Using Commercially Available Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Organic Acids Ameliorate the Symptoms Associated With Runting-Stunting Syndrome in Broiler Chickens?

SUMMARY Runting-stunting syndrome (RSS) in poultry has been known for more than 40 years, but the precise etiology remains unknown and a licensed vaccine is consequently not currently available. In order to mitigate the symptoms associated with RSS, a series of experiments was performed to investigate whether a combined bacteriotherapeutic treatment consisting of probiotics, prebiotics, and organic acids could influence the outcome of this disease. Initially two groups of commercial broiler chickens were either left uninoculated or inoculated with filtrate from homogenized intestines of RSS-affected broiler chickens. One group from each of these two challenge groups was treated, with a bacteriotherapeutic regimen. After 12 days chickens were euthanatized, the body weight was measured, and duodenal lesions were enumerated. Five consecutive broiler chicken flocks were then raised either on litter from RSS-affected birds or on fresh wood shavings. Treatment had no beneficial effect on the number and severity of intestinal lesions. There appeared to be a significant build-up of RSS agent(s) in poultry litter, with each consecutive flock placement, independent of bacteriotherapeutic treatment, as more individuals exhibited intestinal lesions on built-up litter in RSS-affected houses (28.9% vs. 44%). While treatment did not appear to consistently reduce intestinal lesions, it did significantly improve the mean body weights (P < 0.05) and uniformity of 12-day-old chickens placed on reused litter in houses in which RSS-infected birds were previously raised. A combination of litter management and bacteriotherapy may be needed to ameliorate the adverse effects of RSS on intestinal health and body weight in broiler chickens.
Individual Attitudes Toward Corruption: Do Social Effects Matter?

Using individual-level data for 35 countries, the authors investigate the microeconomic determinants of attitudes toward corruption. They find women, employed, less wealthy, and older individuals to be more averse to corruption. The authors also provide evidence that social effects play an important role in determining individual attitudes toward corruption, as these are robustly and significantly associated with the average level of tolerance of corruption in the region. This finding lends empirical support to theoretical models where corruption emerges in multiple equilibria and suggests that"big-push"policies might be particularly effective in combating corruption.
Interference in TDD based LMDS systems

In this paper different aspects concerning interference in TDD (Time Division Duplexing) based LMDS (Local Multipoint Distribution Systems) systems are considered. The most important interference situations are desribed and where appropriate comparisons with FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing) based systems will be made. Both intrasystem (between different operators’ networks) and intersystem (within an operator’s network) interference are considered. In all cases, the situation where the base station (BS) is a victim of interference is examined more closely, as this could impinge on the whole cell management. Different methods for controlling and mitigating inteference are described. Finally, the impact on architecture design and trade-offs are underlined and conclusions drawn.