Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Power flow control of a doubly-fed induction machine coupled to a flywheel

We consider a doubly-fed induction machine-controlled through the rotor voltage and connected to a variable local load-that acts as an energy-switching device between a local prime mover (a flywheel) and the electrical power network. The control objective is to optimally regulate the power flow, and this is achieved by commuting between two different steady-state regimes. The marginal stability of the zero dynamics of the system hampers its control via feedback linearization. Instead, we apply the energy-based interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control technique, which does not require stable invertibility. It is shown that the partial differential equation that appears in this method can be obviated fixing the desired closed-loop total energy and adding new terms to the interconnection structure. Furthermore, to obtain a globally defined control law we introduce a state-dependent damping term that has the nice interpretation of effectively decoupling the electrical and mechanical parts of the system. This results in a globally asymptotically stabilizing controller parameterized by two degrees of freedom, which can be used to implement the power management policy. The controller is simulated and shown to work satisfactorily for various realistic load changes.
The view from olympus.

Feel lonely? What about reading books? Book is one of the greatest friends to accompany while in your lonely time. When you have no friends and activities somewhere and sometimes, reading book can be a great choice. This is not only for spending the time, it will increase the knowledge. Of course the b=benefits to take will relate to what kind of book that you are reading. And now, we will concern you to try reading view from olympus as one of the reading material to finish quickly.
Towards Privacy-Aware Research and Development in Wearable Health

Wearable sensor technology has the potential to transform healthcare. The investigation and testing of sensors in the commercial sector offer insight into ways to leverage biometric data, to improve individual health through the better products and to advance the public good through research. However, research with wearable sensor data must be done in a manner that is respectful of ethical considerations and privacy. Not only will the processes that govern this research define the potential public good derived from wearables, they will encourage user trust in wearables and promote participation. The research and development (R&D) teams at companies are not just engines of innovation but also have the potential to be an important part of our social infrastructure. The Center for Democracy & Technology (CDT) embarked on a yearlong partnership with Fitbit. CDT gained rare access to the company’s data policies and practices to build recommendations on privacy and ethics.
Place de l'activité agricole dans l'espace rural. L'exemple d'une région agricole de Normandie: le pays d'Auge

[eng] National and regional level observations contradict many forecasts of a major agricultural decay. Results from a survey made in the « pays d'Auge », in Lower-Normandy, suggest that the diversity of production systems, their technical features and abilities of using bad lands, are linked to the share of agricultural income in total family income. A failure in understanding this mechanism partly explains the inability of intrasectorial analysis models to describe the relations between agricultural development and agricultural use of the territory. It seems, however, that the ability, for families straying from professionnal agriculture, to maintain or to undertake an agricultural activity and to use production systems laying on permanent pasture, is one of the reasons why bad lands are still in operation. [fre] Les previsions faisant etat d'une deprise agricole massive sont contredites par l'observation au plan national et regional. Des enquetes realisees dans le pays d'Auge, en Basse-Normandie, montrent que la diversite des systemes de production, leurs caracteristiques techniques et les possibilites d'utilisation des terres difficiles, sont liees a la place qu'occupent les revenus agricoles dans les revenus totaux des menages. La meconnaissance de ces articulations explique en partie l'incapacite des modeles fondes sur des analyses intrasectorielles a rendre compte des relations entre evolution de l'agriculture et utilisation agricole du territoire. Il apparait en effet que la possibilite, pour des menages s'ecartant des normes de l'agriculture professionnelle, de maintenir ou d'entreprendre une activite agricole et de mettre en œuvre des systemes de production reposant sur la prairie permanente, contribue a expliquer la persistance de l'utilisation de terres difficiles.
Mitochondria in the Center of Human Eosinophil Apoptosis and Survival

Eosinophils are abundantly present in most phenotypes of asthma and they contribute to the maintenance and exacerbations of the disease. Regulators of eosinophil longevity play critical roles in determining whether eosinophils accumulate into the airways of asthmatics. Several cytokines enhance eosinophil survival promoting eosinophilic airway inflammation while for example glucocorticoids, the most important anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat asthma, promote the intrinsic pathway of eosinophil apoptosis and by this mechanism contribute to the resolution of eosinophilic airway inflammation. Mitochondria seem to play central roles in both intrinsic mitochondrion-centered and extrinsic receptor-mediated pathways of apoptosis in eosinophils. Mitochondria may also be important for survival signalling. In addition to glucocorticoids, another important agent that regulates human eosinophil longevity via mitochondrial route is nitric oxide, which is present in increased amounts in the airways of asthmatics. Nitric oxide seems to be able to trigger both survival and apoptosis in eosinophils. This review discusses the current evidence of the mechanisms of induced eosinophil apoptosis and survival focusing on the role of mitochondria and clinically relevant stimulants, such as glucocorticoids and nitric oxide.
Inferring Strings from Runs

A run in a string is a nonextendable periodic substring in the string. Detecting all runs in a string is important and studied both from theoretical and practical points of view. In this paper, we consider the reverse problem of it. We reveal that the time complexity depends on the alphabet size k of the string to be output. We show that it is solvable in polynomial time for both binary alphabet and inﬁnite alphabet, while it is NP-complete for ﬁnite k ≥ 4. We also consider a variant of the problem where only a subset of runs are given as an input. We show that it is solvable in polynomial time for inﬁnite alphabet, while it is NP-complete for ﬁnite k ≥ 3.
Locality-Constrained Collaborative Sparse Approximation for Multiple-Shot Person Re-identification

Person re-identification is becoming a hot research topic due to its academic importance and attractive applications in visual surveillance. This paper focuses on solving the relatively harder and more importance multiple-shot re-identification problem. Following the idea of treating it as a set-based classification problem, we propose a new model called Locality-constrained Collaborative Sparse Approximation (LCSA) which is made to be as efficient, effective and robust as possible. It improves the very recently proposed Collaborative Sparse Approximation (CSA) model by introducing two types of locality constraints to enhance the quality of the data for collaborative approximation. Extensive experiments demonstrate that LCSA is not only much better than CSA in terms of effectiveness and robustness, but also superior to other related methods.
Spatiotemporal differences in the interannual variability of Baiu frontal activity in June

The Baiu frontal activity (BFA) clearly shows spatiotemporal differences in its interannual variability. This work examines the physical mechanisms behind these differences. On interannual time scales, the Baiu front can be divided into three subregions: (1) the western Baiu (WB), (2) the central Baiu (CB), and (3) the eastern Baiu (EB). Time series analysis revealed that the dominant periods in these three subregions are long eastward periods of approximately 2 years in the WB, 4 years in the CB, and 6 years in the EB.
Surface exposure to sunlight stimulates CO2 release from permafrost soil carbon in the Arctic

Recent climate change has increased arctic soil temperatures and thawed large areas of permafrost, allowing for microbial respiration of previously frozen C. Furthermore, soil destabilization from melting ice has caused an increase in thermokarst failures that expose buried C and release dissolved organic C (DOC) to surface waters. Once exposed, the fate of this C is unknown but will depend on its reactivity to sunlight and microbial attack, and the light available at the surface. In this study we manipulated water released from areas of thermokarst activity to show that newly exposed DOC is >40% more susceptible to microbial conversion to CO2 when exposed to UV light than when kept dark. When integrated over the water column of receiving rivers, this susceptibility translates to the light-stimulated bacterial activity being on average from 11% to 40% of the total areal activity in turbid versus DOC-colored rivers, respectively. The range of DOC lability to microbes seems to depend on prior light exposure, implying that sunlight may act as an amplification factor in the conversion of frozen C stores to C gases in the atmosphere.
Leveraging Diversity and Sparsity in Blind Deconvolution

This paper considers recovering <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-dimensional vectors <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {w}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${x}_{1}, {x}_{2}, \ldots, {x}_{N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> from their circular convolutions <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${y}_{n} = {w}* {x}_{n}, \,\,n = 1,2,3, \ldots, N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The vector <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${w}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is assumed to be <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-sparse in a known basis that is spread out in the Fourier domain, and each input <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {x}_{n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is a member of a known <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-dimensional random subspace. We prove that whenever <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K + S\log ^{2}S \lesssim L /\log ^{4}(LN)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the problem can be solved effectively by using only the nuclear-norm minimization as the convex relaxation, as long as the inputs are sufficiently diverse and obey <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N \gtrsim \log ^{2}(LN)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. By “diverse inputs,” we mean that the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${x}_{n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>’s belong to different, generic subspaces. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first theoretical result on blind deconvolution where the subspace to which <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${w}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> belongs is not fixed but needs to be determined. We discuss the result in the context of multipath channel estimation in wireless communications. Both the fading coefficients and the delays in the channel impulse response <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${w}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are unknown. The encoder codes the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-dimensional message vectors randomly and then transmits coded messages <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${x}_{n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>’s over a fixed channel one after the other. The decoder then discovers all of the messages and the channel response when the number of samples taken for each received message are roughly greater than <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(K+S\log ^{2}S)\log ^{4}(LN)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and the number of messages is roughly at least <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\log ^{2}(LN)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.
Prognostic angiogenic markers (endoglin, VEGF, CD31) and tumor cell proliferation (Ki67) for gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

AIM To evaluate the correlation between the immunoexpression of angiogenic markers [CD31, CD105 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)], proliferative index (Ki67), and prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). METHODS This is a retrospective study of 54 GIST cases. Medical records were searched to obtain the GIST patients' demographic and clinical data, and paraffin-embedded blocks of tumor samples were retrieved from the hospital archives to conduct a new immunohistochemical evaluation. The tumor samples of GIST patients were subject to immunohistochemical evaluation for endoglin (CD105), CD31, VEGF, and Ki67 expression. The CD105 and CD31 intratumoral microvascular density (IMVD) was measured using automated analysis. We determined the correlation between the immunoexpression of CD105, CD31, VEGF, Ki67 and prognosis. In addition, we conducted a cutoff analysis using the receiver-operating characteristic curve. VEGF positivity was classified as either null/weak or strong. Ki67 was evaluated using a cutoff of 5% positive cells. The prognosis was classified as good (patient alive without recurrence) or poor (patient with recurrence/death). RESULTS The distribution of tumor sites among the 54 analyzed samples was as follows: 27 (50%) in the stomach, 20 (37.1%) in the small intestine, 6 (11.1%) in the colon, and 1 (1.8%) in the esophagus. The size of the tumors ranged from 2 to 33 cm (median: 8 cm); in 12 cases (22.2%), the tumor was below 5 cm at the largest diameter, but in 42 cases (77.7%), the tumor was larger than 5 cm. The means of CD105 and CD31 were significantly higher in the group with poor prognosis (P < 0.001). The cut-off values of CD105 (> 1.2%) and CD31 (> 2.5%) in the receiver-operating characteristic curve were related to a poorer prognosis. Cases with a better prognosis showed significantly null/weak staining for VEGF (P < 0.001). Ki-67 expression of ≥ 5% was strongly correlated with a worse prognosis (P < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, CD105 was the variable that most strongly correlated with prognosis. CONCLUSION The IMVD cutoff values for the angiogenic markers CD105 and CD31, may be prognostic factors for GIST, in addition to VEGF and Ki67.
NK Cells Promote Th-17 Mediated Corneal Barrier Disruption in Dry Eye

Background The conjunctiva contains a specialized population of lymphocytes that reside in the epithelium, named intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL). Methodology/Principal Findings Here we characterized the IEL population prior to and after experimental desiccating stress (DS) for 5 or 10 days (DS5, DS10) and evaluated the effect of NK depletion on DS. The frequency of IELs in normal murine conjunctiva was CD3+CD103+ (∼22%), CD3+γδ+ (∼9.6%), CD3+NK+ (2%), CD3−NK+ (∼4.4%), CD3+CD8α (∼0.9%), and CD4 (∼0.6%). Systemic depletion of NK cells prior and during DS led to a decrease in the frequency of total and activated DCs, a decrease in T helper-17+ cells in the cervical lymph nodes and generation of less pathogenic CD4+T cells. B6.nude recipient mice of adoptively transferred CD4+T cells isolated from NK-depleted DS5 donor mice showed significantly less corneal barrier disruption, lower levels of IL-17A, CCL20 and MMP-3 in the cornea epithelia compared to recipients of control CD4+T cells. Conclusions/Significance Taken together, these results show that the NK IELs are involved in the acute immune response to desiccation-induced dry eye by activating DC, which in turn coordinate generation of the pathogenic Th-17 response.
The Human Postsynaptic Density Shares Conserved Elements with Proteomes of Unicellular Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes

The animal nervous system processes information from the environment and mediates learning and memory using molecular signaling pathways in the postsynaptic terminal of synapses. Postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptors assemble to form multiprotein complexes that drive signal transduction pathways to downstream cell biological processes. Studies of mouse and Drosophila postsynaptic proteins have identified key roles in synaptic physiology and behavior for a wide range of proteins including receptors, scaffolds, enzymes, structural, translational, and transcriptional regulators. Comparative proteomic and genomic studies identified components of the postsynaptic proteome conserved in eukaryotes and early metazoans. We extend these studies, and examine the conservation of genes and domains found in the human postsynaptic density with those across the three superkingdoms, archaeal, bacteria, and eukaryota. A conserved set of proteins essential for basic cellular functions were conserved across the three superkingdoms, whereas synaptic structural and many signaling molecules were specific to the eukaryote lineage. Genes involved with metabolism and environmental signaling in Escherichia coli including the chemotactic and ArcAB Two-Component signal transduction systems shared homologous genes in the mammalian postsynaptic proteome. These data suggest conservation between prokaryotes and mammalian synapses of signaling mechanisms from receptors to transcriptional responses, a process essential to learning and memory in vertebrates. A number of human postsynaptic proteins with homologs in prokaryotes are mutated in human genetic diseases with nervous system pathology. These data also indicate that structural and signaling proteins characteristic of postsynaptic complexes arose in the eukaryotic lineage and rapidly expanded following the emergence of the metazoa, and provide an insight into the early evolution of synaptic mechanisms and conserved mechanisms of learning and memory.
‘Navigation: Land, Sea, Air and Space’

Mr Blanchard's paper on Air Navigation Systems in the September 1991 issue of this Journal may give the impression that the Decca Flight Log was the first flight-desk map display to convert hyperbolic coordinates to a fair approximation to lat—long coordinates. A map display driven from GEE was built at TRE (Telecommunications Research Establishment) and demonstrated to PICAO (Provisional International Civil Aviation Organization) in 1946. The coordinate conversion problem was considerably simplified by representing the hyperbolae in polar coordinates having the master station at the origin. This technique was apparently independently devised by Decca, whose display was undoubtedly better engineered than TRE's experimental model, which made extensive use of Meccano and was unlikely, in that form, to appeal to aviators. Incidentally, reference 11 in Mr Blanchard's paper should be to Volume 32, No. 1 — not Volume 43, as was printed.
Evolution of the Phase-Space Density in Dark Matter Halos

The evolution of the phase-space density profile in dark matter (DM) halos is investigated by means of constrained simulations, designed to control the merging history of a given DM halo. Halos evolve through a series of quiescent phases of a slow accretion intermitted by violent events of major mergers. In the quiescent phases the density of the halo closely follows the NFW profile and the phase-space density profile, Q(r) , is given by the Taylor & Navarro power law, r−β, where β ≈ 1.9 and stays remarkably stable over the Hubble time. Expressing the phase-space density by the NFW parameters, Q(r) = Qs(r/Rs)−β, the evolution of Q is determined by Qs. We have found that the effective mass surface density within Rs, Σs ≡ ρsRs, remains constant throughout the evolution of a given DM halo along the main branch of its merging tree. This invariance entails that Qs ∝ Rs−5/2 and Q(r) ∝ Σs−1/2Rs−5/2(r/Rs)−β. It follows that the phase-space density remains constant, in the sense of Qs = const . , in the quiescent phases and it decreases as Rs−5/2 in the violent ones. The physical origin of the NFW density profile and the phase-space density power law is still unknown. Yet, the numerical experiments show that halos recover these relations after the violent phases. The major mergers drive Rs to increase and Qs to decrease discontinuously while keeping Qs × Rs5/2 = const . The virial equilibrium in the quiescent phases implies that a DM halos evolves along a sequence of NFW profiles with constant energy per unit volume (i.e., pressure) within Rs.
Structure of a trapped endonuclease III–DNA covalent intermediate

Nearly all cells express proteins that confer resistance to the mutagenic effects of oxidative DNA damage. The primary defense against the toxicity of oxidative nucleobase lesions in DNA is the base‐excision repair (BER) pathway. Endonuclease III (EndoIII) is a [4Fe–4S] cluster‐containing DNA glycosylase with repair activity specific for oxidized pyrimidine lesions in duplex DNA. We have determined the crystal structure of a trapped intermediate that represents EndoIII frozen in the act of repairing DNA. The structure of the protein–DNA complex provides insight into the ability of EndoIII to recognize and repair a diverse array of oxidatively damaged bases. This structure also suggests a rationale for the frequent occurrence in certain human cancers of a specific mutation in the related DNA repair protein MYH.
Stochastic modelling of phytoremediation

Leaching of heavy metals and other contaminants from soils poses a significant environmental threat as it affects the quality of downstream water bodies. Quantifying these losses is particularly important when employing phytoremediation approaches to reduce soil contamination, as contaminant escaping the system through leaching cannot be taken up by vegetation. Despite its undoubted importance, the role of such hydrologic forcing has seldom been fully considered in models describing the long-term contaminant mass balance during phytoremediation. The partitioning of contaminants between leaching and vegetation uptake is controlled by a number of biophysical processes as well as rainfall variability. Here, we develop a novel stochastic framework that provides analytical expressions to quantify the partitioning of contaminants between leaching and plant uptake and the probability of phytoremediation duration as a function of rainfall statistics and soil and vegetation characteristics. Simple expressions for the mean phytoremediation duration and effectiveness (defined as the fraction of contaminant that is recovered in plant biomass) are derived. The proposed framework can be employed to estimate under which conditions phytoremediation is more efficient, as well as to design phytoremediation projects that maximize contaminant recovery and minimize the duration of the remediation process.