Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Perspectives of Community Mentors in Occupational Therapy Education

Abstract Involving people with disabilities in the education of occupational therapy students is important for improving knowledge, skills, and attitudes that promote client-centered practice. At Queen’s University in Ontario, Canada, community mentors with disabilities are involved in an occupational therapy course designed to enhance student understanding and empathy for the lived experience of disability. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the course required adjustment to adhere to health and safety precautions. We explored the perspectives of community mentors with disabilities who participated in the course during the pandemic to better understand how pandemic-related restrictions affected the mentoring experience, their relationships with students, and educational quality. Findings revealed that all participants considered their mentor role to be beneficial and positive, regardless of the chosen method of interaction (i.e., in-person or via digital technology). However, mentors with prior experience in this role identified differences in the relational aspects of the experience. Some mentors who had established mentoring patterns pre-pandemic quickly shifted into pre-COVID routines, despite the inherent risk, seemingly based on an internalized image of what the role should entail. Other mentors indicated acceptance of the altered patterns, and noted benefits associated with the use of technology. The findings confirm that ensuring mentor autonomy, providing training to mentors, and continuing to promote the benefits of such a course are crucial to support their role in shaping future occupational therapy practice.
Association between polymorphisms of DNA repair genes and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Turkish population Türk Populasyonunda DNA Tamir Genleri Polimorfizmleri ve Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus Riski

Objectives: DNA repair mechanisms work insufficiently in T2DM patients and hyperglycemia seen in diabetes dis-turbs the oxidant-antioxidant balance thus cause oxidative damage on DNA. The effects of the DNA repair genes’ have not yet been investigated on diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between APE1 Asp148Glu and XPG Asp1104His polymorphisms with T2DM in the Turkish population. Material and methods: Sixty-five T2DM patients and 54 healthy individuals were included to this study as control. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction frag-ment length polymorphism techniques were used. Results: When the study groups were compared, serum HDL-cholesterol levels were found statistically elevated in the controls. Once the APE1 Asp148Glu polymorphism distribution between the patient and control groups was investigated, the Glu/Glu genotype ratio was found significantly higher in the control group. Furthermore, the Asp/Glu genotype and the Asp allele prevalences were observed to be higher in the patient group. Also, patients with the Asp/Asp genotype had higher serum HDL-choles-terol levels than the others. Conclusion: of subjects APE1 polymorphism might be protective against and the Asp allele may be contributing to the development of diabetes.
Collaborative Lab Reports with Google Docs

Science is a collaborative endeavor. The solitary genius working on the next great scientific breakthrough is a myth not seen much today. Instead, most physicists have worked in a group at one point in their careers, whether as a graduate student, faculty member, staff scientist, or industrial researcher. As an experimental nuclear physicist with research at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, my collaboration consists of over 200 scientists, both national and international. A typical experiment will have a dozen or so principal investigators. Add in the hundreds of staff scientists, engineers, and technicians, and it is clear that science is truly a collaborative effort. This paper will describe the use of Google Docs for collaborative reports for an introductory physics laboratory.
Computing Logarithms in Finite Fields of Characteristic Two

A simple algorithm to find logarithms in a finite field of characteristic two is described. It uses the Euclidean algorithm for polynomials in attempting to reduce an element to a product of factors all of whose logarithms are stored in a database. The algorithm, which is similar to one of Adleman, has a random runtime and constant storage requirements. It is analyzed and problems associated with the construction of the database are considered. The aim of the work is to show that the algorithm is feasible for the field with $2^{127} $ elements on which several proposed public key distribution systems have been based. For such application it is felt that the discrete logarithm is still a viable technique for sufficiently large fields.
The Dynamic Stability of Step Motors

Mid-frequency instability (MFI) generally limits the application of step motors with constant-voltage drive to a speed range well below the theoretical limit imposed by inductance, back EMF, and friction torque. Analytical studies of MFI in specific step motor types and configurations have been reported in the literature, each focused on a particular method of analysis. The goal of this paper is to develop a single model structure and method of dynamic stability analysis, applicable to all step motors. To this end, a generalized <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-phase step motor dynamical system model applicable to a broad range of permanent-magnet hybrid (PMH) and variable-reluctance (VR) step motors is developed. Beginning with a physical model and working from first principles, the (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n+2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>)th-order nonlinear time-varying (NLTV) state equation is developed. Next, a Park transform for the generalized <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-phase step motor is applied, resulting in a fourth-order NLTV state equation and a set of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-2 first-order LTI state equations. The fourth-order NLTV system is then solved at constant speed and linearized about the solution, resulting in a fourth-order linear time-invariant (LTI) state equation. Finally, the dynamic performance and stability are determined by examining the eigenvalues of the LTI system. The scope of parameterization includes: motor type (PMH or VR); number and arrangement of poles, stator teeth, and rotor teeth; number of electrical phases (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n =2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> or odd); magnetic circuit type (uni-phase or multi-phase); winding configuration; and electrical state variable (current or flux linkage). Examples are given to illustrate the method and computer simulations are used to verify the results.
Silencing of dre4 Contributes to Mortality of Phyllotreta striolata

Simple Summary Biopesticides developed based on RNA interference (RNAi) are specific, efficient and environmentally friendly pesticides for the biological control of pests. Phyllotreta striolata is one of the most destructive pests of Cruciferae crops. RNAi is a promising alternative strategy for Phyllotreta striolata control, since the larvae of P. striolata feed on roots and the adults feed on leaves. However, little information on the lethal effects of RNAi is available for P. striolata. In this study, we identified that the dre4 gene, which plays a significant role in the process of gene transcription, DNA repair and DNA replication, is critical for P. striolata’s survival. We found that the silencing of dre4 contributed to the high mortality of P. striolata through microinjection and oral delivery. Moreover, we identified that transcripts of multiple gene-related signaling pathways were varied by the silencing of dre4, which might have caused the lethality of the P. striolata. Overall, our findings indicate that dre4 could be a fatal RNAi target to develop biopesticides for P. striolata management. Abstract The striped flea beetle, Phyllotreta striolata, is one of the most destructive pests of Cruciferae crops worldwide. RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising alternative strategy for pest biological control, which overcomes the weakness of synthetic insecticides, such as pest resistance, food safety problems and toxicity to non-target insects. The homolog of Spt16/FACT, dre4 plays a critical role in the process of gene transcription, DNA repair, and DNA replication; however, the effects of dre4 silencing in P. striolata remain elusive. In this study, we cloned and characterized the full-length dre4 from P. striolata and silenced Psdre4 through microinjection and oral delivery; it was found that the silencing of dre4 contributed to the high mortality of P. striolata in both bioassays. Moreover, 1166 differentially regulated genes were identified after Psdre4 interference by RNA-seq analysis, which might have been responsible for the lethality. The GO analysis indicated that the differentially regulated genes were classified into three GO functional categories, including biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. The KEGG analysis revealed that these differentially regulated genes are related to apoptosis, autophagy, steroid hormone biosynthesis, cytochrome P450 and other signaling pathways. Our results suggest that Psdre4 is a fatal RNAi target and has significant potential for the development of RNA pesticides for P. striolata management.
The Reconstruction of Displacement Fields of Defects in Crystals from Electron Micrographs. I. Analytic Fields

The following theorem and corollaries are proved. If the two-beam column approximation theory of electron microscope image formation is assumed and if the displacement field of the object is analytic with zero derivative at infinity, and such that there is a direction in the object along which displacements are constant, then from an electron micrograph that records intensities but no phase information there is an explicit and unique reconstruction of the component of the displacement field of the object in the direction of the diffracting vector, except possibly in some specified singular cases for which the reconstruction cannot be started uniquely.
Australian Journal of Physics Astrophysical Supplement

Accurate measurements of relative flux density have been made between frequencies of 468 and 5009 MHz for 300 radio sources selected from the Parkes catalogue. The observations, their analysis and accuracy are described, and the flux densities presented together with their errors. Excluding the uncertainties in scaling these flux densities to an absolute system, r.m.s. errors vary from 0·24 Jy and 2·4 % at 635 MHz to 1·8 % at 2700 MHz; uncertainties in 'absolute' scaling are thought to be about 5 %. The present flux densities are compared with accurate values published elsewhere. The data have been combined with other published flux densities between 10 and 10000 MHz to derive spectra, which are presented graphically. Some sources whose spectra may be useful for flux density calibration are noted.
Air Pollutants in Metropolises of Eastern Coastal China

Recently released hourly particular matter (PM:PM2.5 and PM10) and gaseous pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO, and O3) data observed in Qingdao, Hangzhou, and Xiamen from 2015 to 2019 were utilized to reveal the current situation of air pollution over eastern coastal China. The PM pollution situation over the three metropolises ameliorated during studied period with the concentrations decreasing about 20–30%. Gas pollutants, excepting SO2, generally exhibit no evident reduction tendencies, and a more rigorous control standard on gaseous pollutants is neededEven for the year 2018 with low pollution levels among the study period, these levels (<10% of PM2.5, <6% of PM10, and <15% of O3) surpass the Grade II of the Chinese Ambient Air Quality Standard (CAAQS) over these metropolises of eastern coast China. No matter in which year, both SO2 and CO concentrations are always below the Grade-II standards. According to the comparative analysis of PM2.5/PM10 and PM2.5/CO during episode days and non-episode days, the formation of secondary aerosols associated with stagnant weather systems play an important role in the pollutant accumulation as haze episodes occurred. The stronger seasonal variations and higher magnitude occur in Qingdao and Hangzhou, while weaker seasonal variations and lower magnitudes occur in Xiamen. In Qingdao and Hangzhou, PM, NO2, SO2, and CO show relatively high levels in the cold wintertime and low levels in summer, whereas O3 shows a completely opposite pattern. Xiamen exhibits high levels of all air pollutants except O3 in spring due to its subtropical marine monsoon climate with mild winters. According to the back trajectory hierarchical clustering and concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) analysis, the regional transmission from adjacent cities has a significant impact on the atmospheric pollutant concentrations under the control of the prejudiced winds. Thus, besides local emission reduction, strengthening regional environmental cooperation and implementing joint prevention are effective measures to mitigate air pollution in the eastern coastal areas of China.
Preparation and Application of Electrochemical Horseradish Peroxidase Sensor Based on a Black Phosphorene and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposite

To design a new electrochemical horseradish peroxidase (HRP) biosensor with excellent analytical performance, black phosphorene (BP) nanosheets and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) nanocomposites were used as the modifier, with a carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) as the substrate electrode. The SWCNTs-BP nanocomposite was synthesized by a simple in situ mixing procedure and modified on the CILE surface by the direct casting method. Then HRP was immobilized on the modified electrode with Nafion film. The electrocatalysis of this electrochemical HRP biosensor to various targets was further explored. Experimental results indicated that the direct electrochemistry of HRP was realized with a pair of symmetric and quasi-reversible redox peaks appeared, which was due to the presence of SWCNTs-BP on the surface of CILE, exhibiting synergistic effects with high electrical conductivity and good biocompatibility. Excellent electrocatalytic activity to trichloroacetic acid (TCA), sodium nitrite (NaNO2), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were realized, with a wide linear range and a low detection limit. Different real samples, such as a medical facial peel solution, the soak water of pickled vegetables, and a 3% H2O2 disinfectant, were further analyzed, with satisfactory results, further proving the potential practical applications for the electrochemical biosensor.
Effects of Different Additives on Fermentation Quality, Microbial Communities, and Rumen Degradation of Alfalfa Silage

This study examined the effects of different additives on the fermentation quality, nutrient composition, microbial communities, and rumen degradation of ensiled alfalfa. Six treatments were employed in which additives were applied to alfalfa on a fresh weight basis: CK (no additive), FA (0.6% formic acid), CaO (3% calcium oxide and 3% urea), LB (1 × 106 cfu/g Lentilactobacillus buchneri), GLB (2% glucose and 1 × 106 cfu/g L. buchneri), and FLB (2% fucoidan and 1 × 106 cfu/g L. buchneri). After 60 days of ensiling, all treatments altered the bacterial communities, improved the fermentation quality, reduced dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) losses, and enhanced the rumen degradation of nutrients. The addition of LB increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. (p < 0.05), whereas GLB reduced (p < 0.05) the NH3-N:TN ratio and elevated (p < 0.05) the concentrations of Lactobacillus and lactic acid content. The FA treatment reduced (p < 0.05) the pH, as well as the DM and CP degradations, while the CaO treatment increased the degradations of DM, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber. We concluded that FA, LB, GLB, and FLB had beneficial effects on alfalfa fermentation, and that CaO increased alfalfa silage rumen degradation.
Discovery of the Potentiator of the Pore-Forming Ability of Lantibiotic Nisin: Perspectives for Anticancer Therapy

This study was focused on the action of lantibiotic nisin on the phospholipid membranes. Nisin did not produce ion-permeable pores in the membranes composed of DOPC or DOPE. The introduction of DOPS into bilayer lipid composition led to a decrease in the threshold detergent concentration of nisin. An addition of nisin to DOPG- and TOCL-enriched bilayers caused the formation of well-defined ion pores of various conductances. The transmembrane macroscopic current increased with the second power of the lantibiotic aqueous concentration, suggesting that the dimer of nisin was at least involved in the formation of conductive subunit. The pore-forming ability of lantibiotic decreased in the series: DOPC/TOCL ≈ DOPE/TOCL >> DOPC/DOPG ≥ DOPE/DOPG. The preferential interaction of nisin to cardiolipin-enriched bilayers might explain its antitumor activity by pore-formation in mitochondrial membranes. Small natural molecules, phloretin and capsaicin, were found to potentiate the membrane activity of nisin in the TOCL-containing membranes. The effect was referred to as changes in the membrane boundary potential at the adsorption of small molecules. We concluded that the compounds diminishing the membrane boundary potential should be considered as the potentiator of the nisin pore-forming ability that can be used to develop innovative formulations for anticancer therapy.
Interface tracking using patches

This work contains two separate but related parts: one on spectrally accurate and fast Ewald methods for electrostatics and viscous flow, and one on micro- and complex fluid interface problems. In Part I we are concerned with fast and spectrally accurate methods to compute sums of slowly decaying potentials over periodic lattices. We consider two PDEs: Laplace (electrostatics, the Coulomb potential) and Stokes (viscous flow, the ``Stokeslet'' potential). Moreover, we consider both full and planar periodicity, the latter meaning that periodicity applies in two dimensions and the third is ``free''. These are major simulation tasks in current molecular dynamics simulations and in many areas of computational fluid mechanics involving e.g. particle suspensions. For each of the four combinations of PDE and periodic structure, we give spectrally accurate and O(N log N) fast methods based on Ewald's or Ewald-like decompositions of the underlying potential sums. In the plane-periodic cases we derive the decompositions in a manner that lets us develop fast methods. Associated error estimates are developed as needed throughout. All four methods can be placed in the P3M/PME (Particle Mesh Ewald) family. We argue that they have certain novel and attractive features: first, they are spectral accurate; secondly, they use the minimal amount of memory possible within the PME family; third, each has a clear and reliable view of numerical errors, such that parameters can be chosen wisely. Analytical and numerical results are given to support these propositions. We benchmark accuracy and performance versus an established (S)PME method. Part II deals with free boundary problems, specifically numerical methods for multiphase flow. We give an interface tracking method based on a domain-decomposition idea that lets us split the interface into overlapping patches. Each patch is discretized on a uniform grid, and accurate and efficient numerical methods are given for the equations that govern interface transport. We demonstrate that the method is accurate and how it's used in immersed boundary, and interface, Navier-Stokes methods, as well as in a boundary integral Stokes setting. Finally, we consider a problem in complex fluidics where there is a concentration of surfactants \emph{on} the interface and the interface itself is in contact with a solid boundary (the contact line problem). We argue that the domain-decomposition framework is attractive for formulating and treating complex models (e.g. involving PDEs on a dynamic interface) and proceed with developing various aspects of such a method.
Formation and Interaction of Ion‐Acoustic Solitary Waves in a Collisionless Warm Plasma

The formation and interaction of solitary waves in a warm‐ion, hot isothermal electron plasma have been studied with the Vlasov equation for ions and Boltzmann distribution for electrons. An arbitrary initial potential pulse having a width smaller (or larger) than that of a solitary wave decomposes into one (or several) solitary wave(s) with (or without) ion‐acoustic oscillations behind. In the interaction of two solitary waves, it has been found that: (1) If the initial amplitude ratio is not too large, the two waves exchange their amplitudes and bounce apart; (2) if the initial amplitude ratio is large, the larger wave first absorbs the smaller, subsequently re‐emits it behind. A steady‐state solitary wave solution for the ion fluid equations with a scalar pressure and Boltzmann electrons presents a smaller width and a larger velocity than the solution of the Korteweg‐de Vries equation with the same amplitude. The limiting Mach number is smaller than Sagdeev's value.
Influence of Employee Welfare Services on Performance of Police Officers in Kenya: A Case of National Police Service in Mombasa County Kenya

Purpose: This research focused on the main problem which influenced police performance as a result of the employees’ welfare services. Some of these welfare services include decent housing, and working conditions. The research had an objective of first finding out the influence of housing on police officers’ performance. Secondly, to determine the influence of housing on police officers’ performance. Thirdly, to figure out the extent to which field equipment influences the police officers’ performance in Mombasa County. Methodology: The research adopted a descriptive case study using stratified and simple random sampling approaches. The target population was 1200 police officers with a sample population of 120 selected police officers. The study used questionnaires to collect data. In qualitative data, it also applied content analysis, while in quantitative data analysis descriptive statistics was utilized. The research used Pearson correlation to determine the connection between performance of employees and welfare services in inferential statistics. Findings: The research established that employee welfare services had an impact on the performance of police officers in Mombasa County especially in terms of medical insurance cover offered to police, housing and accommodation plan and field equipment. In conclusion the study strongly established that medical insurance cover and field equipment negatively affected the performance of police officers. The nature of hospitals accepted by the medical insurance cover are not outstanding and amount of medical cover allocated annually is inadequate. House allowance paid to police officers also significantly affected the performance of police officers. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study will be used to provide basic background information that can be used by various scholars, researchers, policy makers, national police service and other organizations as reference material. The research will aid the government of Kenya in addition to other stakeholders to create relevant methods that will help in improving the welfare services of the various employees in various ministries besides embarking on the best employees’ welfare service practices.