Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gynecologic problems and healthcare behavior by shift patterns in Korean nursing staff

We aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of shift patterns at work on gynecologic problems and the healthcare behavior of Korean nursing staff. We conducted a web-based survey for over two weeks in September 2021, involving female nursing staff, including nurses, nurses’ aides, and nursing assistants, working in five medical centers. The questionnaire included 40 questions on baseline characteristics, working information, and experiences with gynecologic problems and medical approaches. Overall, 885 nursing staffs participated in the survey, of the 1,904 who received the invitation with an online link of the survey. The response rate was 46.5%. Among the participants responding to all questions, 569 (64.4%) worked two or three shifts and 305 (34.5%) worked full-time. In women rotating two or three-shift patterns, irregular menstrual cycles (21.6% vs. 13.8%, p = 0.005), abnormal menstrual cycles (40.9% vs. 33.8%, p = 0.038), and dysmenorrhea (48.0% vs. 38.4%, p = 0.006) were more frequent than in those who worked full-time. The experience of visiting gynecologic clinics (47.5% vs. 44.1%, p = 0.332) and treating gynecologic conditions (33.4% vs. 29.3%, p = 0.211) did not differ according to the working patterns. However, diagnosis of gynecologic diseases was more frequent in women working full-time (36.4% vs. 29.7%, p = 0.043). The rates of screening (76.1% vs. 57.8%, p<0.001) and human papillomavirus vaccination (55.7% vs. 39.9%, p<0.001) for cervical cancer prevention were higher in women working full-time than in two–three shifts. This study showed that rotating shift work may be related to an increase in gynecologic problems and a decrease in cancer prevention activity among female nursing staff.
GHZ transform (I): Bell transform and quantum teleportation

It is well-known that maximally entangled states such as the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states, with the Bell states as the simplest examples, are widely exploited in quantum information and computation. We study the application of such maximally entangled states from the viewpoint of the GHZ transform, which is a unitary basis transformation from the product states to the GHZ states. The algebraic structure of the GHZ transform is made clear and representative examples for it are verified as multi-qubit Clifford gates. In this paper, we focus on the Bell transform as the simplest example of the GHZ transform and apply it to the reformulation of quantum circuit model of teleportation and the reformulation of the fault-tolerant construction of single-qubit gates and two-qubit gates in teleportation-based quantum computation. We clearly show that there exists a natural algebraic structure called the teleportation operator in terms of the Bell transform to catch essential points of quantum teleportation, and hence we expect that there would also exist interesting algebraic structures in terms of the GHZ transform to play important roles in quantum information and computation.
Systematic review the efficacy and safety of cilostazol, pentoxifylline, beraprost in the treatment of intermittent claudication: A network meta-analysis

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cilostazol, pentoxifylline, beraprost for intermittent claudication due to lower extremity arterial occlusive disease. Methods Randomized controlled clinical trials were identified from PubMed, Scopus, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, SinoMed, Wanfang and Chongqing VIP databases, from the database inception to 31/12/2021. The outcome measures were walking distance measured by treadmill (maximum and pain-free walking distance), ankle-brachial index and adverse events. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool. A network meta-analysis was carried out with Stata 16.0 software. Results There were 29 RCTs included in the study, covering total 5352 patients. Cilostazol was ranked first for both maximum and pain-free walking distance, followed by beraprost and pentoxifylline. For cilostazol, pentoxifylline and beraprost, maximum walking distance increased by 62.93 95%CI(44.06, 81.79), 32.72 95%CI(13.51, 55.79) and 43.90 95%CI(2.10, 85.71) meters, respectively relative to placebo, and pain-free walking distance increased by 23.92 95%CI(11.24, 36.61), 15.16 95%CI(2.33, 27.99) and 19.78 95%CI(-3.07, 42.62) meters. For cilostazol, pentoxifylline, beraprost and cilostazol combined with beraprost, ankle-brachial index increased by 0.06 95%CI(0.04, 0.07), -0.01 95%CI(-0.08, 0.05), 0.18 95%CI(0.12, 0.23) and 0.23 95%CI(0.18, 0.27), respectively relative to placebo. The pentoxifylline and cilostazol was associated with a lower ratio of adverse events than beraprost and cilostazol combined with beraprost. Conclusion Cilostazol, pentoxifylline and beraprost were all effective treatments for intermittent claudication; cilostazol with good tolerance was likely to be the most effective in walking distance, while beraprost and cilostazol combined with beraprost were more prominent in the ankle-brachial index.
Prevalence and perspectives of illegal trade in cacti and succulent plants in the collector community

Although illegal wildlife trade (IWT) represents a serious threat to biodiversity, research into the prevalence of illegal plant collection and trade remains scarce. Because cacti and succulents are heavily threatened by overcollection for often illegal, international ornamental trade, we surveyed 441 members of the cacti and succulent hobbyist collector community with a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach. We sought to understand collector perspectives on the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) and on the threats IWT poses to cactus and succulent conservation. Most respondents (74% of 401 respondents) stated that illegal collection in cacti and succulents represents a “very serious problem” and that the problem of wild plant collection is increasing (72% of 319 respondents). Most forms of illegal collection and trade were seen as very unacceptable by respondents. Self‐reported noncompliance with CITES rules was uncommon (11.2% of 418 respondents); it remains a persistent problem in parts of the cacti and succulent hobbyist community. People engaging in rule breaking, such as transporting plants without required CITES documents, generally did so knowingly. Although 60.6% of 381 respondents regarded CITES as a very important tool for conservation, sentiment toward CITES and its efficacy in helping species conservation was mixed. Collectors in our survey saw themselves as potentially playing important roles in cactus and succulent conservation, but this potential resource remains largely untapped. Our results suggest the need for enhanced consultation with stakeholders in CITES decision‐making. For challenging subjects like IWT, developing evidence‐based responses demands deep interdisciplinary engagement, including assessing the conservation impact of species listings on CITES appendices.
The gravitational potential of the bar in NGC 4314

We present near-infrared images of NGC 4314 in the $J$,$H$, and $K$ bands. Colors in these bands are constant across the bar of NGC 4314 indicating that the mass-to-light ratio is constant over much of the galaxy. We have developed an efficient procedure for mapping the gravitational potential of a non-axisymmetric galaxy based on its appearance in the near-infrared using a Fourier Transform method. We account for the thickness of the galaxy's stellar disk by convolving its $K$ image with a function that depends upon the vertical stellar scale height. We apply this procedure to NGC 4314 and find that prograde stellar orbits integrated in the potential are consistent with the shape of the bar for a disk vertical scale height of $h = 350 \pm 100$ pc and a corotation radius of $r=3.5 \pm 0.5$ kpc. We find that the inner $m=4$ Lindblad resonance is approximately at the location of knob-like features seen near the end of the bar. The shape of nearly closed orbits at this radius are lozenge or diamond shaped and have low speeds along the major axis of the bar. The low speeds imply an increase in density along the major axis of the bar. The angle of the major axis of the $m=4$ component of the surface density begins to twist at the location of its resonance, and the angle of the $m=2$ component begins to twist at a larger radius near the corotation radius.
Clinical outcomes, virological efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide in the treatment of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

ABSTRACT Background This study investigated the clinical outcomes, virological efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide in the treatment of patients with COVID-19. Research design and methods The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for relevant articles written before August 23, 2022. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the usefulness and safety of nitazoxanide in patients with COVID-19 were included. Results Five RCTs were included. The overall mortality of COVID-19 patients receiving nitazoxanide (study group) was 1.3% (9/670), which was lower than the control group (1.8%, 12/681), but this difference did not reach statistical significance (risk difference [RD], 0.00; 95% CI: -0.01 to 0.01; P =0.97). However, nitazoxanide was associated with a higher virological eradication rate than placebo or standard care (RD, 0.09; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.17; P = 0.03). Compared with the placebo or standard care, nitazoxanide were associated with a similar risk of any adverse event (RD, -0.02; 95% CI: -0.07 to 0.03; P = 0.44). Conclusions Although nitazoxanide can help virological eradication and is also tolerable, it does not provide additional clinical benefits. Based on these evidences, the use of nitazoxanide in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 is not recommended.
Fuzzy inference system (FIS) - long short-term memory (LSTM) network for electromyography (EMG) signal analysis

A wide range of application domains,s such as remote robotic control, rehabilitation, and remote surgery, require capturing neuromuscular activities. The reliability of the application is highly dependent on an ability to decode intentions accurately based on captured neuromuscular signals. Physiological signals such as Electromyography (EMG) and Electroencephalography (EEG) generated by neuromuscular activities contain intrinsic patterns for users’ particular actions. Such actions can generally be classified as motor states, such as Forward, Reverse, Hand-Grip, and Hand-Release. To classify these motor states truthfully, the signals must be captured and decoded correctly. This paper proposes a novel classification technique using a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network to classify the motor states based on EMG signals. Existing EMG signal classification techniques generally rely on features derived from data captured at a specific time instance. This typical approach does not consider the temporal correlation of the signal in the entire window. This paper proposes an LSTM with a Fuzzy Logic method to classify four major hand movements: forward, reverse, raise, and lower. Features associated with the pattern generated throughout the motor state movement were extracted by exploring published data within a given time window. The classification results can achieve a 91.3% accuracy for the 4-way action (Forward/Reverse/GripUp/RelDown) and 95.1% (Forward/Reverse Action) and 96.7% (GripUp/RelDown action) for 2-way actions. The proposed mechanism demonstrates high-level, human-interpretable results that can be employed in rehabilitation or medical-device industries.
Two-temperature molecular dynamics simulations of crystal growth in a tungsten supercooled melt

In this work we use the two-temperature model (TTM) coupled to molecular dynamics (MD) with sinks at the boundaries of the electronic subsystem to study crystal-growth rate in a quasi-one-dimensional tungsten crystal into a supercooled melt. The possibility of varying the extension of the electronic grid along with the sinks allows a more realistic description of the electronic thermal transport away from the system, providing a considerable heat dissipation from the crystallization front. Based on this approach, our results regarding crystal-growth rates are not affected even if the size of the system is changed. Moreover, comparisons are established with respect to MD and standard TTM simulations. For these comparisons between models, something remarkable is found, and it is that the temperature and the value of the maximum growth rate are the same. In contrast, the inclusion of sinks has a great impact with respect to the standard approaches specially reflected at low temperatures, where a frustration of the liquid–crystal interface dynamics is seen until a state of zero crystal growth is reached, which is not possible to characterize quantitatively since a kind of stochastic behavior is present.
Influence of electron-acoustic phonon scattering on intensity power broadening in a coherently driven quantum-dot cavity system

We present a quantum optics formalism to study intensity power broadening of a semiconductor quantum dot interacting with an acoustic phonon bath and a high $Q$ microcavity. Power broadening is investigated using a time-convolutionless master equation in the polaron frame which allows for a nonperturbative treatment of the interaction of the quantum dot with the phonon reservoir. We calculate the full non-Lorentzian photoluminescence (PL) lineshapes and numerically extract the intensity linewidths of the quantum dot exciton and the cavity mode as a function of pump rate and temperature. For increasing field strengths, multiphonon and multiphoton effects are found to be important, even for phonon bath temperatures as low as 4 K. We show that the interaction of the quantum dot with the phonon reservoir introduces pronounced features in the power broadened PL lineshape, enabling one to observe clear signatures of electron-phonon scattering. The PL lineshapes from cavity pumping and exciton pumping are found to be distinctly different, primarily since the latter is excited through the exciton-phonon reservoir. To help explain the underlying physics of phonon scattering on the power broadened lineshape, an effective phonon Lindblad master equation derived from the full time-convolutionless master equation is introduced; we identify and calculate distinct Lindblad scattering contributions from electron-phonon interactions, including effects such as excitation-induced dephasing, incoherent exciton excitation and exciton-cavity feeding. Our effective phonon master equation is shown to reproduce the full intensity PL and the phonon-coupling effects very well, suggesting that its general Lindblad form may find widespread use in semiconductor cavity-QED.
Generation of Pmel‐dependent conditional and inducible Cre‐driver mouse line for melanocytic‐targeted gene manipulation

Conditional and inducible gene targeting using Cre/loxP‐mediated recombination is a powerful reverse genetics approach used to study spatiotemporal gene functions in specified cell types. To enable temporal gene manipulation in the melanocyte lineage, we established a novel inducible Cre‐driver mouse line by targeting an all‐in‐one tetracycline/doxycycline (Dox)‐inducible Cre expression cassette into the Pmel locus (PmelP2A‐TetON3G‐TRE3G‐iCre), a gene locus preferentially expressed in pigment cells. By crossing these Cre‐driver mice with a strong Cre‐reporter mouse line, Gt(ROSA)26Sortm9(CAG‐tdTomato)Hze, we show the effectiveness of the PmelP2A‐TetON3G‐TRE3G‐iCre mouse line in facilitating Dox‐inducible Cre/loxP recombination in a wide variety of pigment cell lineages including hair follicle melanocytes and their stem cells. Furthermore, to demonstrate proof of concept, we ablated Notch signaling postnatally in the PmelP2A‐TetON3G‐TRE3G‐iCre mice. In agreement with the previously reported phenotype, induced ablation of Notch signaling in the melanocyte lineage resulted in premature hair graying, demonstrating the utility of the PmelP2A‐TetON3G‐TRE3G‐iCre allele. Therefore, the PmelP2A‐TetON3G‐TRE3G‐iCre mouse line is suitable for assessing gene functions in melanocytes using an in vivo inducible reverse genetics approach. Furthermore, we unexpectedly identified previously unrecognized PMEL‐expressing cells in non‐pigmentary organs in the mice, suggesting unanticipated functions of PMEL other than melanosome formation.
Acylation‐stimulating protein and heart failure progression in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy

Our previous studies suggested that the complement system was critical in the prognosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). The acylation‐stimulating protein (ASP), generated through the alternate complement pathway, was reported to regulate lipogenesis and triglyceride storage. This study aimed to investigate the role of ASP in predicting adverse cardiac events in an ARVC cohort.
Bio-inspired flapping wing robots with foldable or deformable wings: a review

Traditional flapping-wing robots (FWRs) obtain lift and thrust by relying on the passive deformation of their wings which cannot actively fold or deform. In contrast, flying creatures such as birds, bats, and insects can maneuver agilely through active folding or deforming their wings. Researchers have developed many bio-inspired foldable or deformable wings (FDWs) imitating the wings of flying creatures. The foldable wings refer to the wings like the creatures’ wings that can fold in an orderly manner close to their bodies. Such wings have scattered feathers or distinct creases that can be stacked and folded to reduce the body envelope, which in nature is beneficial for these animals to prevent wing damage and ensure agility in crossing bushes. The deformable wings refer to the active deformation of the wings using active driving mechanisms and the passive deformation under the aerodynamic force, which functionally imitates the excellent hydrodynamic performance of the deformable body and wings of the creatures. However, the shape and external profile changes of deformable wings tend to be much smaller than that of folding wings. FDWs enable the FWRs to improve flight degree of flexibility, maneuverability, and efficiency and reduce flight energy consumption. However, FDWs still need to be studied, and a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art progress of FDWs in FWR design is lacking. This paper analyzes the wing folding and deformation mechanisms of the creatures and reviews the latest progress of FWRs with FDWs. Furthermore, we summarize the current limitations and propose future directions in FDW design, which could help researchers to develop better FWRs for safe maneuvering in obstacle-dense environments.
Below the Lyman Edge: Ultraviolet Polarimetry of Quasars

The Lyman edge at 912 Å is an important diagnostic region for studying quasi-stellar objects (QSOs). In particular, it reveals a great deal about the physical conditions within the atmospheres of accretion disks, a ubiquitous component of QSO theories. A robust prediction of accretion disk models is a significant polarization due to electron scattering just longward (in wavelength) of the Lyman edge, because of the wavelength dependence of the hydrogen absorption opacity. Observations of the Lyman edge regions of QSOs have shown scant evidence for the predicted features; few QSOs show the broad, partial Lyman edges expected to be common according to most theories, and none show the high polarizations expected longward of the Lyman edge. Still, polarization spectra of a small number of QSOs have shown a rising polarization (up to 20%) at wavelengths shortward of the Lyman edge. We have now doubled our sample of intermediate-redshift QSOs observed with the Hubble Space Telescope Faint Object Spectrograph spectropolarimeter to determine the amount of polarization on both sides of the Lyman limit. For this new sample of six objects, polarizations are low and mostly consistent with zero below the Lyman edge. Another important result of the new data is that it strengthens the conclusion that quasars are generally not polarized significantly just longward of the Lyman edge at ~1000 Å. There is no significant statistical wavelength dependence of the polarization longward of the Lyman edge, indicating that simple plane-parallel atmospheres with scattering-dominated opacity are not significant sources of UV flux in quasars.
Effective conservation planning of Iberian amphibians based on a regionalization of climate‐driven range shifts

Amphibians are severely affected by climate change, particularly in regions where droughts prevail and water availability is scarce. The extirpation of amphibians triggers cascading effects that disrupt the trophic structure of food webs and ecosystems. Dedicated assessments of the spatial adaptive potential of amphibian species under climate change are, therefore, essential to provide guidelines for their effective conservation. I used predictions about the location of suitable climates for 27 amphibian species in the Iberian Peninsula from a baseline period to 2080 to typify shifting species’ ranges. The time at which these range types are expected to be functionally important for the adaptation of a species was used to identify full or partial refugia; areas most likely to be the home of populations moving into new climatically suitable grounds; areas most likely to receive populations after climate adaptive dispersal; and climatically unsuitable areas near suitable areas. I implemented an area prioritization protocol for each species to obtain a cohesive set of areas that would provide maximum adaptability and where management interventions should be prioritized. A connectivity assessment pinpointed where facilitative strategies would be most effective. Each of the 27 species had distinct spatial requirements but, common to all species, a bottleneck effect was predicted by 2050 because source areas for subsequent dispersal were small in extent. Three species emerged as difficult to maintain up to 2080. The Iberian northwest was predicted to capture adaptive range for most species. My study offers analytical guidelines for managers and decision makers to undertake systematic assessments on where and when to intervene to maximize the persistence of amphibian species and the functionality of the ecosystems that depend on them.
Field Confirmation of (Z)-9-Heptacosene and (3Z,6Z,9Z)-Tricosatriene as Key Sex Pheromone Components of Korean Conogethes punctiferalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Abstract Recently, insufficient attractiveness of Conogethes punctiferalis Guenée adult males to sex pheromone, (E)-10-hexadecenal and (Z)-10-hexadecenal, has been reported. To identify the other essential components of sex pheromone, male and female body extracts were analyzed. Two hydrocarbon components, (Z)-9-heptacosene (Z9–27:HC) and (3Z,6Z,9Z)-tricosatriene (Z3,Z6,Z9–23:HC), were identified from only female body extract. There was a significant difference in the electroantennogram (EAG) response of male antennae to Z3,Z6,Z9–23:HC and Z9–27:HC at all test concentrations compared to the response to the hexane control. In field attraction testing, the addition of Z9–27:HC and Z3,Z6,Z9–23:HC to binary aldehyde pheromones significantly increased trap catches of C. punctiferalis male adults. Based on the female and male body extract analysis and field attraction test, Z9-27:HC and Z3,Z6,Z9–23:HC were determined to be other essential sex pheromone components of the Korean C. punctiferalis population. No significant difference was observed in the number of male captures between the bucket trap and delta trap. Pheromone traps with a color close to yellow shade attracted more male adults than traps with a color close to blue shade.