Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Profile Linkability despite Anonymity in Social Media Systems

A number of works have recently shown that the privacy offered by pseudonymous identities on social media systems like Twitter or Reddit is threatened by cross-site identity linking attacks. Such attacks link the identities of the same user across websites. Therefore, assessing linkability, i.e., the risk that identities are linked across different websites, remains an important open problem. In this work, we analyze whether anonymity within a single social media site can protect a user from being linked across sites. To this end, we first introduce a relative linkability measure ranking identities within a social media site by their anonymity. We show that anonymity alone is not sufficient to assess linkability risks, by evaluating this measure on a data set comprising 15 million comments gathered from the Reddit social media system. Second, we mitigate this insufficiency and present our absolute linkability measure, which in addition utilizes information about matching identities. Then, we confirm the validity of this measure on our data set. The measure is able to accurately assess the linkability risk in almost 75% of the cases and, more importantly, is shown to never underestimate the linkability risk.
Activation of the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase by Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) Improves Endothelial Function In Vivo

The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the cardiovascular-protective effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) may be due, in part, to its ability to stimulate the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation. The role of AMPK in EPA-induced eNOS phosphorylation was investigated in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC), in mice deficient of either AMPKα1 or AMPKα2, in eNOS knockout (KO) mice, or in Apo-E/AMPKα1 dual KO mice. EPA-treatment of BAEC increased both AMPK-Thr172 phosphorylation and AMPK activity, which was accompanied by increased eNOS phosphorylation, NO release, and upregulation of mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2). Pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of AMPK abolished EPA-enhanced NO release and eNOS phosphorylation in HUVEC. This effect of EPA was absent in the aortas isolated from either eNOS KO mice or AMPKα1 KO mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet. EPA via upregulation of UCP-2 activates AMPKα1 resulting in increased eNOS phosphorylation and consequent improvement of endothelial function in vivo.
Revolutionizing America's schools

Introduction: A Vision of Democracy ON DEMOCRACY 1. Democracy - What Is It 2. Democracy and Education 3. Ambiguity and Informed Minds ON PEDAGOGY 4. Powerful Learning 5. School Structures for Teaching 6. Teacher Education and Public Schools 7. Governing for the Future ON GETTING BEYOND 8. Wealth and Welfare 9. Isms and Reasons 10. Religion, Secular Humanism, and Geese 11. Who Owns the Child 12. Constitutional Hope for Education ON DIFFERENCES 13. Race and Education 14. Suffrage, Gender, and Listening 15. From Our Ancestors ON CHANGE 16. Finding Room for School Change 17. Listening to Students 18. Leadership for Democracy Conclusion: Democracy as Education.
In Vitro Repair of Gaps in Bacteriophage T7 DNA

ABSTRACT An in vitro system based upon extracts of Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage T7 was used to study the mechanism of double-strand break repair. Double-strand breaks were placed in T7 genomes by cutting with a restriction endonuclease which recognizes a unique site in the T7 genome. These molecules were allowed to repair under conditions where the double-strand break could be healed by (i) direct joining of the two partial genomes resulting from the break, (ii) annealing of complementary versions of 17-bp sequences repeated on either side of the break, or (iii) recombination with intact T7 DNA molecules. The data show that while direct joining and single-strand annealing contributed to repair of double-strand breaks, these mechanisms made only minor contributions. The efficiency of repair was greatly enhanced when DNA molecules that bridge the region of the double-strand break (referred to as donor DNA) were provided in the reaction mixtures. Moreover, in the presence of the donor DNA most of the repaired molecules acquired genetic markers from the donor DNA, implying that recombination between the DNA molecules was instrumental in repairing the break. Double-strand break repair in this system is highly efficient, with more than 50% of the broken molecules being repaired within 30 min under some experimental conditions. Gaps of 1,600 nucleotides were repaired nearly as well as simple double-strand breaks. Perfect homology between the DNA sequence near the break site and the donor DNA resulted in minor (twofold) improvement in the efficiency of repair. However, double-strand break repair was still highly efficient when there were inhomogeneities between the ends created by the double-strand break and the T7 genome or between the ends of the donor DNA molecules and the genome. The distance between the double-strand break and the ends of the donor DNA molecule was critical to the repair efficiency. The data argue that ends of DNA molecules formed by double-strand breaks are typically digested by between 150 and 500 nucleotides to form a gap that is subsequently repaired by recombination with other DNA molecules present in the same reaction mixture or infected cell.
ONLINE APPENDIX Supplemental Information to Methods Section

Supplemental Information to Methods Section Participants. Participants were informed to maintain their typical diet and not to engage in vigorous physical activity for 3 days prior to the study. Two groups were recruited: healthy, non-obese (n=20) and obese volunteers (n=14) not taking medication known to affect glucose metabolism, and all volunteers had normal renal function. Participants reported less than 90 min of non-vigorous exercise per week and were considered to be sedentary. After giving informed, written consent, each volunteer underwent a medical history, physical examination, screening laboratory tests, a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test and VO 2 max test. Mitochondrial respiration data from 3 participants in the lean group were reported previously [1]. Muscle biopsy and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Participants reported to the Clinical Research Unit at Arizona State University following a 10-h overnight fast. At time −60 min before the start of insulin infusion, a percutaneous biopsy of the vastus lateralis muscle was obtained with a Bergstrom cannula under local anesthesia. After a tracer ([6,6-2 H] glucose) equilibration period (0.04 mg kg-1 min-1 , 120 min), a primed, continuous infusion of human insulin (Novolin; Novo Nordisk, Princeton, NJ) was started at 80 mU/m 2 • min for 120 min, achieving plasma insulin levels of 1020-1200 pmol/l. Plasma glucose was measured every ~5 min throughout the study with a glucose oxidase analyzer (Beckman Instruments, Fullerton, CA) and maintained at euglycemia (5mmol/l , 90-100 mg/dl) using a variable infusion of 20% dextrose through the antecubital vein catheter. The 20% dextrose solution was enriched with [6,6-2 H]glucose, and the constant infusion of [6,6-2 H] glucose was stopped +30 min into the clamp. Tracer to tracee ratio of glucose ([6,6-2 H] glucose/glucose) was determined via the derivatization product glucose pentaacetate using the Finnigan Trace DSQ GS/MS Selective ion monitoring was used to determine glucose tracer enrichments using fragments ions with m/z of 200 and 202. Hepatic glucose production and glucose disposal were calculated using steady state equations as detailed here [2]. Small-scale isolation of mitochondria. Vastus lateralis muscle specimens were trimmed of visible fat and immediately weighed. Two hundred milligrams of muscle specimen (if available, otherwise 100 mg) were minced and subjected to a protease (Type XXIV, Sigma Chemical Co., St-Louis, MO) digestion for 7 min. ellet was resuspended in 100 µl mannitol sucrose buffer (in mM: 220 mannitol, 70 sucrose, 10 Tris-HCl, 1 EGTA) and kept on ice for the duration …
Source Code Authorship Attribution using n-grams Steven Burrows

Plagiarism and copyright infringement are major problems in academic and corporate environments. Existing solutions for detecting infringements in structured text such as source code are restricted to textual similarity comparisons of two pieces of work. In this paper, we examine authorship attribution as a means for tackling plagiarism detection. Given several samples of work from several authors, we attempt to correctly identify the author of work presented as a query. On a collection of 1 640 documents written by 100 authors, we show that we can attribute authorship in up to 67% of cases. This work can be a valuable additional indicator for the more difficult plagiarism
Delta: the first pion nucleon resonance - its discovery and applications

It is attempted to recapture some of the fun and excitement of the pion-scattering work that led to the discovery of what is now called the delta particle. How significant this discovery was became apparent only gradually. That the delta is alive today and thriving at Los Alamos (as well as other places) is described.
Safety Controller Synthesis for Incrementally Stable Switched Systems Using Multiscale Symbolic Models

We propose an approach to the synthesis of safety controllers for a class of switched systems, based on the use of multiscale symbolic models that describe transitions of various durations and whose sets of states are given by a sequence of embedded lattices approximating the state-space, the finer lattices being accessible only by transitions of shorter duration. We prove that these multiscale symbolic models are approximately bisimilar to the original switched system provided it enjoys an incremental stability property attested by the existence of a common Lyapunov function or of multiple Lyapunov functions with a minimal dwell-time. Then, for specifications given by a safety automaton, we present a controller synthesis algorithm that exploits the specificities of multiscale symbolic models. We formalize the notion of maximal lazy safety controller which gives priority to transitions of longer durations; the shorter transitions and thus the finer scales of the symbolic model are effectively explored only when safety cannot be ensured at the coarser level and fast switching is needed. We propose a synthesis algorithm where symbolic models can be computed on the fly, this allows us to keep the number of symbolic states as low as possible. We provide computational evidence that shows drastic improvements of the complexity of controller synthesis using multiscale symbolic models instead of uniform ones.
A Single-Spin Switch

Spin correlations at hopping are known to be responsible for large magnetoresistance at trap-assisted tunneling between normal metal and ferromagnetic electrodes. The reason is the spin-selective escape rate, which results in a non-zero average spin at a trap. Since the spin on a trap is a vector quantity, it produces unusual correlations in multi-terminal devices. We analyze a three-terminal device with ferromagnetic electrodes and demonstrate that the spin correlations result in current-voltage dependences characteristic to a single-electron transistor.
The Association Between Antihypertensive Medication Nonadherence and Visit-to-Visit Variability of Blood Pressure: Findings From the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial.

Low adherence to antihypertensive medication has been hypothesized to increase visit-to-visit variability (VVV) of blood pressure (BP). We assessed the association between antihypertensive medication adherence and VVV of BP in the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). VVV of BP was calculated using SD independent of mean, SD, and average real variability across study visits conducted 6 to 28 months after randomization. Participants who reported taking <80% of their antihypertensive medication at ≥1 study visits were categorized as nonadherent. Participants were followed up for cardiovascular events and mortality after the assessment of adherence and VVV of BP. SD independent of mean of BP was higher for nonadherent (n=2912) versus adherent (n=16 878) participants; 11.4±4.9 versus 10.5±4.5 for systolic BP; 6.8±2.8 versus 6.2±2.6 for diastolic BP (each P<0.001). SD independent of mean of BP remained higher among nonadherent than among adherent participants after multivariable adjustment (0.8 [95% confidence interval, 0.7-1.0] higher for systolic BP and 0.4 [95% confidence interval, 0.3-0.5] higher for diastolic BP]. SD and average real variability of systolic BP and diastolic BP were also higher among nonadherent than among adherent participants. Adjustment for nonadherence did not explain the association of VVV of BP with higher fatal coronary heart disease or nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, or mortality risk. In conclusion, improving medication adherence may lower VVV of BP. However, VVV of BP is associated with cardiovascular outcomes independent of medication adherence.
Diagnosis and management of premenstrual disorders

#### Summary points Premenstrual disorders have a substantial social, occupational, academic, and psychological effect on the lives of millions of women (from menarche to menopause) and their families.1 Published criteria for diagnosis vary greatly between authoritative bodies, so the true prevalence rates are unknown. A new classification from the International Society for Premenstrual Disorders (ISPMD) will allow this to be resolved.2 It will also enable clinicians to provide accurate diagnosis and effective management.2 Little is known about what causes premenstrual syndromes, and the few treatments that are licensed are ineffective,3 4 5 although treatment can, however, be provided for most women with good effect using unlicensed approaches. In this article, we discuss the classification of premenstrual disorders, how to measure symptoms and diagnose the condition, and effective management strategies. This review is based on evidence from randomised placebo controlled trials where available, recent Cochrane reviews, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists’ evidence based guidelines and published consensus statements and textbooks by internationally recognised experts. #### Sources and selection criteria We searched Medline, PubMed, evidence based specialty guidelines, and Cochrane reviews. In addition, we used the recently published consensus of the International Society for Premenstrual Disorders and a comprehensive textbook by globally recognised experts that reviewed the entire literature on premenstrual …
Securing elastic applications on mobile devices for cloud computing

Cloud computing provides elastic computing infrastructure and resources which enable resource-on-demand and pay-as-you-go utility computing models. We believe that new applications can leverage these models to achieve new features that are not available for legacy applications. In our project we aim to build elastic applications which augment resource-constrained platforms, such as mobile phones, with elastic computing resources from clouds. An elastic application consists of one or more weblets, each of which can be launched on a device or cloud, and can be migrated between them according to dynamic changes of the computing environment or user preferences on the device. This paper overviews the general concept of this new application model, analyzes its unique security requirements, and presents our design considerations to build secure elastic applications. As first steps we propose a solution for authentication and secure session management between weblets running device side and those on the cloud. We then propose secure migration and how to authorize cloud weblets to access sensitive user data such as via external web services. We believe some principles in our solution can be applied in other cloud computing scenarios such as application integration between private and public clouds in an enterprise environment.
Convergence theory of feasible direction methods

Read more and get great! That's what the book enPDFd convergence theory of feasible direction methods will give for every reader to read this book. This is an on-line book provided in this website. Even this book becomes a choice of someone to read, many in the world also loves it so much. As what we talk, when you read more every page of this convergence theory of feasible direction methods, what you will obtain is something great.
Mitochondria of Retinal Müller (Glial) Cells: The Effects of Aging and of Application of Free Radical Scavengers

Age-related changes of mitochondria were studied in Müller (retinal glial) cells from guinea pigs fed with or without externally applied Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761, an established radical scavenger. When Müller cell mitochondria from aged animals were compared with those from young adults, they displayed (1) a diminished number of well-defined cristae at the ultrastructural level, (2) a reduced membrane potential, as revealed by fluorimetry using the voltage-sensitive dye tetramethyl rhodamine methylester, and (3) a slightly reduced index of vitality assayed by tetrazolium salt colorimetry. Müller cell mitochondria were also studied in aged guinea pigs which had been fed daily by EGb 761 during the last 2 months before they were sacrificed. Such mitochondria displayed (1) many well-defined cristae at the ultrastructural level, and, compared with mitochondria from untreated aged animals, (2) a significantly enhanced membrane potential and (3) a significantly enhanced index of vitality. No age- or drug-related changes were observed in the mitochondrial content of GABA transaminase, as revealed by immunocytochemistry/densitometry. These results suggest that many but not all structural and functional parameters of aging Müller cell mitochondria are impaired by accumulating oxidative damage, and that externally applied radical scavengers may protect the organelles from the damaging actions of free radicals. As it has been shown earlier that EGb 761 treatment enhances the intrinsic glutathione content of aged guinea pig Müller cells, the protective radical-scavenging effect of the drug may be mediated both directly and indirectly.
Modulation of the axonal microtubule cytoskeleton by myelinating Schwann cells

The Trembler PNS myelin-deficient mutant mouse offers a unique model for the study of axon-glial interactions. Previous work in our laboratory on Trembler mouse sciatic nerve established that myelinating Schwann cells exert a profound effect on the underlying neuronal cytoskeleton. Demyelinated axon segments exhibited decreases in the rate of slow axonal transport, axonal caliber, and neurofilament phosphorylation, as well as increases in neurofilament density. The present study considers effects on the microtubule cytoskeleton. At least two aspects of the microtubule cytoskeleton in Trembler PNS axons were altered by demyelination. First, the stability of the Trembler axonal microtubule cytoskeleton is decreased, as measured by decreased levels of insoluble tubulin (Sahenk and Brady, 1987). Second, the composition and phosphorylation of axonal microtubule-associated proteins, including tau, MAP 1A, and MAP 1B, are changed in Trembler demyelinated nerves. Further, the fraction of axonal tubulin moving at slow component b rates was increased (de Waegh and Brady 1990, 1991). These results provide further evidence that cell-cell interactions between myelinating glia and their underlying axons extend beyond a structural role, actively influencing biochemical and physiological properties of the axon.
Cyclic changes in plasma progestins and estrogens in squirrel monkeys.

Plasma concentrations of progestin and estradiol-17beta were determined during the course of the breeding season in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Concentrations of both estradiol-17beta and progestins were considerably higher than those reported for other primate species. The peak values of estradiol were 503.4 + or - 57.5 pg/ml while those for progestins were 399.5 + or - 27.7 ng/ml. Generally peak concentrations of progestins occurred 3-4 days after the estradiol peak. Concentrations of each of the steroids exhibited cyclic fluctuations. Based on the interval between estradiol and progestin peaks the length of the reproductive cycle of this species was estimated to be approximately 9 days.
Energy and spinning reserve payment cost co-optimization

In the current U.S. electricity market, supply bids are selected to minimize the bid costs, but are then paid at the marginal price, leading to significantly higher payments than the minimized bid costs. This gives rise to the “payment cost minimization” mechanism, which minimizes payments directly. We previously presented the “objective switching” method to solve single-product payment cost minimization problems. In view that spinning reserve is typically co-optimized with energy, this paper further develops the “objective switching” method to solve the co-optimization of energy and spinning reserve. The prices are defined in a linear way to be the highest bid price among the “participating units, ” and congestion status variables are introduced to describe congestion-dependent LMP for energy product. Similar to single-product payment cost minimization, the co-optimization problem has an irregular convex hull, which is difficult to obtain by the branch & cut. To overcome the above difficulty, the objective switching method is further developed. Salient features of the improved method include a new way to add performance cuts to guarantee the convergence, and heuristics developed in the infeasibility minimization stage. Numerical testing results of small examples and the 24-bus IEEE Reliability Test System demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the method.
Pattern based topic model for data mining

Recently previous years many term based & pattern based approaches used for exacting user needed information from collection of documents. Topic modeling such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was proposed to generate multiple topics from collection of documents. Topic modeling has been used in the area of text mining & machine learning. The traditional word-based & term-based topic representations May not be able semantically represented document but pattern are always better than single terms for representing documents. In this paper proposed the topic modeling with pattern mining techniques to generate pattern based topic models. This Pattern Based Topic Model (PBTM) utilized for more enhanced representation of word based topic model. Utilizing PBTM user interest can be represent with multiple topics & each topic represented with semantically patterns.
A Modified Ant Colony System for the Selection of Machining Parameters

Optimum machining parameters are of great concern in manufacturing environments, where economy of machining operation plays a key role in competitiveness in the market. This paper proposes a new optimization technique based on the modified ant colony algorithm for solving multi-pass optimization problems. The cutting process has roughing and finishing stages. The machining parameters are determined with the minimum unit production cost, subject to a set of practical machining constraints. The results indicate that the proposed modified ant colony framework is effective compared to other techniques carried out by different researchers.