Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automated cardiac dysrhythmia analysis

Automated analysis of abnormal cardiac rhythms (dysrhythmias) is well established for use in real-time ECG monitoring in hospital intensive-care units and for high-speed processing of long-term ambulatory ECG recordings; yet considerable difficulties persist. The many facets of ECG signal acquisition have not been sufficiently well standardized, with a result that definitive signal characterization continues to be troublesome. Analysis algorithms rely heavily on time-domain feature extraction or correlation techniques, although incursions have been made into other domains. Progress continues to be made in improving analysis accuracy, but no algorithm is without its weaknesses. Most system implementations employ some degree of human interaction to compensate for analysis deficiencies. Performance evaluation of implemented systems requires extensive effort, and results to date are clouded by a lack of evaluation standards and the absence of a widely accepted evalution database. The American Heart Association is sponsoring work which promises to put future evaluations on firmer ground. Research continues to address all of these issues because of a strong belief in the clinical utility of automated dysrhythmia analysis. The rationale for that belief is clearer for the analysis of long-term ECG recordings than it is for in-hospital monitoring, but results are available to show that patients are treated more vigorously if such monitoring is employed, and newer therapeutic approches have increased the importance of reliably detecting rare but significant events.
Substrate-Dependent Functional Alterations of Seven CYP2C9 Variants Found in Japanese Subjects

CYP2C9 is a polymorphic enzyme that metabolizes a number of clinically important drugs. In this study, catalytic activities of seven alleles found in Japanese individuals, CYP2C9*3 (I359L), *13 (L90P), *26 (T130R), *28 (Q214L), *30 (A477T), *33 (R132Q), and *34 (R335Q), were assessed using three substrates (diclofenac, losartan, and glimepiride). When expressed in a baculovirus-insect cell system, the holo and total (apo and holo) CYP2C9 protein expression levels were similar among the wild type (CYP2C9.1) and six variants except for CYP2C9.13. A large part of CYP2C9.13 was present in the apo form P420. Compared with CYP2C9.1, all variants except for CYP2C9.34 exhibited substrate-dependent changes in Km, Vmax, and intrinsic clearance (Vmax/Km). For diclofenac 4′-hydroxylation, the intrinsic clearance was decreased markedly (by >80%) in CYP2C9.13, CYP2C9.30, and CYP2C9.33 and variably (63–76%) in CYP2C9.3, CYP2C9.26, and CYP2C9.28 due to increased Km and/or decreased Vmax values. For losartan oxidation, CYP2C9.13 and CYP2C9.28 showed 2.5- and 1.8-fold higher Km values, respectively, and all variants except for CYP2C9.34 showed >77% lower Vmax and intrinsic clearance values. For glimepiride hydroxylation, the Km of CYP2C9.13 was increased 7-fold, and the Vmax values of all variants significantly decreased, resulting in reductions in the intrinsic clearance by >80% in CYP2C9.3, CYP2C9.13, CYP2C9.26, and CYP2C9.33 and by 56 to 75% in CYP2C9.28 and CYP2C9.30. These findings suggest the necessity for careful administration of losartan and glimepiride to patients bearing these six alleles.
Boca: an open-source RDF store for building Semantic Web applications

This article presents the design goals and features of the open-source Boca RDF server in the context of a community of cancer-tumor modeling investigators. Boca supplements the desirable data features of the Semantic Web with important enterprise and application features to power a new generation of Semantic-Web-based applications. The data features enable the integration and retrieval of tremendous quantities of diverse data. The enterprise features promote data integrity, fidelity, provenance and robustness. The application features provide for collaborative applications and dynamic user interfaces.
Buddhism and Psychoanalysis: The “Dialogue” Comes of Age

Lowith, K. (989), Mein Leben in Deutschland vor und nacb 1933. Frankfurt: Fischer Verlag [translation pending]. May, R. , Angel, E. & Ellenberger H. , eds. (958), Existence. A New Dimension in Psychology and Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books. Needleman, J., ed. (1%3), Ludwig Binsuianger: Being-in-the-World. New York: Basic Books. Ott, H. (1993), Martin Heidegger: A Political Life. New York: Basic Books. Richardson, W. J. (993), Heidegger among the doctors. In: Reading Heidegger. Commemorations, ed. J. Sallis. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. Rorty, R. (991), Essays on Heidegger and Others. Philosophical Papers, vol. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Stern, D. (997), Unformulated Experience: From Dissociation to Imagination in Psychoanalysis. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press. Sullivan, H. (940), Conceptions ofModern Psychiatry. New York: Norton. Sullivan, H. (953), The Interpersonal Theory ofPsychoanalysis. New York: Norton. Wolin, R. , ed. (1993), The Heidegger Controversy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Moral Consciousness in a Community of Inquiry

In this qualitative research study moral consciousness was examined in a chosen sample of two groups of children, aged 7-8 and 11-12 years, respectively. An emergent research design was used, which meant analysing the data continually so that significant meanings could emerge in the process. What was important in the study could not be predetermined, but evolved from the categories of meaning that I derived inductively from the data. The results show that children have a strong moral sense and this is fostered in a "Philosophy with Children" type of community of inquiry. As participants in a community of inquiry, they grappled with issues of fairness, responsibility, choice and the value of human life. Gender differences were evident in how fairness and responsibility were perceived. Differences were also obvious in how older and younger children defined friendship and approached a topic. The research findings indicate that the interactive dialogue process helped the children to develop skills to deduce, infer, clarify, make connections, distinctions and generalisations. In listening to and respecting others they exhibited an ability to reciprocate which is central to moral judgement and action. This seemed to be deepened in the ongoing course of the dialogues. A defining feature of the inquiries was the collaborative search for truth.
Incorporating Demand and Supply Constraints into Economic Evaluations in Low‐Income and Middle‐Income Countries

Abstract Global guidelines for new technologies are based on cost and efficacy data from a limited number of trial locations. Country‐level decision makers need to consider whether cost‐effectiveness analysis used to inform global guidelines are sufficient for their situation or whether to use models that adjust cost‐effectiveness results taking into account setting‐specific epidemiological and cost heterogeneity. However, demand and supply constraints will also impact cost‐effectiveness by influencing the standard of care and the use and implementation of any new technology. These constraints may also vary substantially by setting. We present two case studies of economic evaluations of the introduction of new diagnostics for malaria and tuberculosis control. These case studies are used to analyse how the scope of economic evaluations of each technology expanded to account for and then address demand and supply constraints over time. We use these case studies to inform a conceptual framework that can be used to explore the characteristics of intervention complexity and the influence of demand and supply constraints. Finally, we describe a number of feasible steps that researchers who wish to apply our framework in cost‐effectiveness analyses.
Supporting Interoperability and Context-Awareness in E-Learning through Situation-Driven Learning Processes

Current E-Learning technologies primarily follow a data and metadata-centric paradigm by providing the learner with composite content containing the learning resources and the learning process description, usually based on specific metadata standards such as ADL SCORM or IMS Learning Design. Due to the design-time binding of learning resources, the actual learning context cannot be considered appropriately at runtime, what limits the reusability and interoperability of learning resources. This paper proposes Situation-driven Learning Processes (SDLP) which describe learning processes semantically from two perspectives: the user perspective considers a learning process as a course of learning goals which lead from an initial situation to a desired situation, whereas the system perspective utilizes Semantic Web Services (SWS) technology to semantically describe necessary resources for each learning goal within a specific learning situation. Consequently, a learning process is composed dynamically and accomplished in terms of SWS goal achievements by automatically allocating learning resources at runtime. Moreover, metadata standard independent SDLP are mapped to established standards such as ADL SCORM and IMS LD. As a result, dynamic adaptation to specific learning contexts as well as interoperability across different metadata standards and application environments is achieved. To prove the feasibility, a prototypical application is described finally.
Observations on active touch.

ed by solid geometry (slant, curvature, edge, corner) did not seem any more complex to introspection than the solely visible features of things abstracted by plane geometry (triangle, square, circle). A new set of shapes has now been devised for the study of object-perception by active touch. They consist of ten solid sculptures, or free-forms, made of plastic, the surfaces being curved, with no planes, edges, or corners. They are intended to be felt with two hands (and are called "feelies"). Approximately one-half of each surface (the "rear") is convex; the other half (the "front") consists of six convexities with intermediate saddles or concavities. In general, there are five protuberances around a central protuberance, but no object is symmetrical, either radially or bilaterally. They cannot, therefore, be distinguished from one another by counting. Each is readily discriminated from every other by vision of the "front" surface. They are also mutually distinguishable by feeling, although with some error and hesitation for an unpracticed observer. Replicas of the ten objects are available, made from the same molds. It is therefore possible to present one object to the hands and the same or a different object to the eyes simultaneously. Preliminary results indicate that the cross-modal matching of these novel preceptions is possible even for a naive observer, and that practice can bring about errorless judgments in all observers so far tested. Passivity and activity in touch and vision. In passive touch the individual makes no voluntary movements. Similarly, in passive vision he makes no eye movements, which means that he must voluntarily fixate his eyes on a point specified by the experimenter. Neither state is natural to an individual. In a tactual situation, the observer will explore with his fingers unless prevented and, in a visual situation, he will explore the focussable light, fixating, accommodating, converging and pursuing. Both senses are normally active. The passive stimulation of the skin or the retina is necessary for the study of the receptorcells in the skin or the retina, but the experiences resulting are atypical. In active touching and looking the observer reports experiences of a quite different order. They correspond to
Identifying Protein-Protein Interaction Sentences Using Boosting and Kernel Methods

As the amount of biological research literature increases, finding information is becoming a daunting task. Since machine learning techniques could alleviate this problem, we propose a machine learning framework to identify protein-protein interaction sentences from research papers. This machine learning technique is one of the basic components needed to automatically extract biological information from texts. Since the protein-protein interaction (PPI) sentences have their own patterns at article and sentence levels, these patterns are mined by using boosting and kernel methods. Both approaches have good characteristics for the PPI extraction tasks, and naturally can handle heuristic information for future extensions.
Cores of random graphs are born Hamiltonian

Let {Gt}t⩾0 be the random graph process ( G0 is edgeless and Gt is obtained by adding a uniformly distributed new edge to Gt−1 ), and let τk denote the minimum time t such that the k ‐core of Gt (its unique maximal subgraph with minimum degree at least k ) is nonempty. For any fixed k⩾3, the k ‐core is known to emerge via a discontinuous phase transition, where at time t=τk its size jumps from 0 to linear in the number of vertices with high probability (w.h.p.). It is believed that for any k⩾3, the core is Hamiltonian upon creation w.h. p., and Bollobás, Cooper, Fenner and Frieze further conjectured that it in fact admits ⌊(k−1)/2⌋ edge‐disjoint Hamilton cycles. However, even the asymptotic threshold for Hamiltonicity of the k ‐core in G(n,p) was unknown for any k . We show here that for any fixed k⩾15, the k ‐core of Gt is w.h. p. Hamiltonian for all t⩾τk , that is, immediately as the k ‐core appears and indefinitely afterwards. Moreover, we prove that for large enough fixed k the k ‐core contains ⌊(k−3)/2⌋ edge‐disjoint Hamilton cycles w.h. p. for all t⩾τk .
A Value-At-Risk Approach To Assess Exchange Risk Associated To A Public Debt Portfolio: The Case Of A Small Developing Economy

AbstractThis chapter deals with a delta-normal VaR application in the case of small developing economy. It assesses the exchange risk associated to the Tunisian public debt portfolio. We use daily spot exchange rates of the Tunisian dinar against the three main currencies composing the long run public debt portfolio, the dollar, the euro, and the yen. We are interested in the period from 1 January 1999 to 30 June 2006.We firstly demonstrate that the VaR approach can be used for a small developing economy provided that time series are neither too long nor too short. For daily data, we show that the optimal length to validate the assumption normality is annual.Secondly, we prove that the euro is the refuge value for managing the exchange risk in the Tunisian case. Only the systematic risk measured by the calculated betas associated to the dinar exchange rate versus the euro is negative. The component VaR analysis ascertains that the Japanese yen is the main source of exchange risk for the Tunisian debt portfolio. On the contrary, the euro constitutes a natural hedge against this risk. The euro component VaR values are slightly negative or null.Finally, we demonstrate that the VaR diversification degree is stable throughout the studied period. The non-diversified VaR represents 65% of the total VaR.
The Effects of Ingroup and Outgroup Friendships on Ethnic Attitudes in College: A Longitudinal Study

Data for this longitudinal study were collected from over 2000 White, Asian, Latino, and African American college students. Results indicated that students who exhibited more ingroup bias and intergroup anxiety at the end of their first year of college had fewer outgroup friends and more ingroup friends during their second and third years of college, controlling for pre-college friendships and other background variables. In addition, beyond these effects of prior ethnic attitudes and orientations on friendship choices, those with more outgroup friendships and fewer ingroup friendships during their second and third years of college showed less ingroup bias and intergroup anxiety at the end of college, controlling for the prior attitudes, pre-college friendships, and background variables. Results are discussed in terms of the contact hypothesis.
Differential Effect of TLR2 and TLR4 on the Immune Response after Immunization with a Vaccine against Neisseria meningitidis or Bordetella pertussis

Neisseria meningitidis and Bordetella pertussis are Gram-negative bacterial pathogens that can cause serious diseases in humans. N. meningitidis outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines and whole cell pertussis vaccines have been successfully used in humans to control infections with these pathogens. The mechanisms behind their effectiveness are poorly defined. Here we investigated the role of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 in the induction of immune responses in mice after immunization with these vaccines. Innate and adaptive immune responses were compared between wild type mice and mice deficient in TLR2, TLR4, or TRIF. TRIF-deficient and TLR4-deficient mice showed impaired immunity after immunization. In contrast, immune responses were not lower in TLR2−/− mice but tended even to be higher after immunization. Together our data demonstrate that TLR4 activation contributes to the immunogenicity of the N. meningitidis OMV vaccine and the whole cell pertussis vaccine, but that TLR2 activation is not required.
Evaluating the Dynamics of Unintended Interpersonal Coordination

Past research has shown that interpersonal interactions are characterized by a tacit coordination of motor movements of the participants and has suggested that the emergent synchrony might be explained by a coupled oscillator dynamic. This study investigates whether unintended between-person coordination can be demonstrated in a laboratory task that will allow an evaluation of whether such dynamical processes are involved. Ten pairs of participants performed a simple rhythmic task in which they had visual information about each other's movements but had no goal to coordinate. A cross-spectral analysis of the movements revealed higher coherence and a distribution of relative phase angles that was dominated by values near 0 deg. and 180 deg. These results support the hypothesis that dynamical organizing principles are involved in natural interpersonal synchrony.
An FPGA interpreter with virtual hardware management

This paper describes the design of an interpreter that overcomes FPGA resource limitations for a class of control-oriented circuits by automatically partitioning, elaborating, and loading circuit components as directed by their execution. By providing a virtual hardware management facility, this enables us to implement large systems, specified in Circal, on small FPGA chips.
TextTile: An Interactive Visualization Tool for Seamless Exploratory Analysis of Structured Data and Unstructured Text

We describe TextTile, a data visualization tool for investigation of datasets and questions that require seamless and flexible analysis of structured data and unstructured text. TextTile is based on real-world data analysis problems gathered through our interaction with a number of domain experts and provides a general purpose solution to such problems. The system integrates a set of operations that can interchangeably be applied to the structured as well as to unstructured text part of the data to generate useful data summaries. Such summaries are then organized in visual tiles in a grid layout to allow their analysis and comparison. We validate TextTile with task analysis, use cases and a user study showing the system can be easily learned and proficiently used to carry out nontrivial tasks.
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Sequence Variation Induces an HCV-Specific T-Cell Phenotype Analogous to Spontaneous Resolution

ABSTRACT Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific CD8+ T cells in persistent HCV infection are low in frequency and paradoxically show a phenotype associated with controlled infections, expressing the memory marker CD127. We addressed to what extent this phenotype is dependent on the presence of cognate antigen. We analyzed virus-specific responses in acute and chronic HCV infections and sequenced autologous virus. We show that CD127 expression is associated with decreased antigenic stimulation after either viral clearance or viral variation. Our data indicate that most CD8 T-cell responses in chronic HCV infection do not target the circulating virus and that the appearance of HCV-specific CD127+ T cells is driven by viral variation.
Evaluation of Convair-580 and Simulated Radarsat-2 Polarimetric SAR for Forest Change Detection

Radarsat-2 is a significant advancement in technological capability over Radarsat-1 in terms of better spatial resolution and polarimetric parameters. To determine the effectiveness of C-band polarimetry of Radarsat-2 data for applications of forest typing, structure recognition and disturbance detection, C-band polarimetric data from Environment Canada's Convair-580 were acquired. We also obtained simulated Radarsat-2 data, a degraded version of the Convair-580 data. Polarimetric techniques, such as polarimetric filtering and decompositions, were performed on these data sets. The underlying backscatter phenomena were examined and the results were compared. Historical fire disturbance patterns were detected clearly with the Convair-580 data by using the Entropy- alpha decomposition technique. Moreover, the combination of the surface scattering and volume scattering decompositions showed results in obtaining clearcut information in forested areas. By using the simulated Radarsat-2 data, we gained an insight into what could be expected from real Radarsat-2 quad-pol products. Even though the simulated Radarsat-2 data had more noise than Convair-580 data, the fire scars in the same area were still detectable.
An ecological valence theory of human color preferences

Color preference is an important aspect of visual experience, butlittle is known about why people in general like some colors morethan others. Previous research suggested explanations based onbiologicaladaptations[HurlbertAC,LingYL(2007)CurrBiol17:623–625] and color-emotions [Ou L-C, Luo MR, Woodcock A, Wright A(2004) Color Res Appl 29:381–389]. In this article we articulate anecological valence theory in which color preferences arise frompeople’s average affective responses to color-associated objects.An empirical test provides strong support for this theory: Peoplelike colors strongly associated with objects they like (e.g., blueswith clear skies and clean water) and dislike colors strongly associ-ated with objects they dislike (e.g., browns with feces and rottenfood). Relativetoalternativetheories,theecologicalvalencetheoryboth ﬁts the data better (even with fewer free parameters) andprovides a more plausible, comprehensive causal explanation ofcolor preferences.
Bmc Molecular Biology Identification of Phylogenetically Conserved Sequence Motifs in Microrna 5' Flanking Sites from C. Elegans and C. Briggsae

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNA molecules that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Studies concerning transcriptional regulation of miRNAs have so far concentrated on those located within the intergenic region of the genome and the search for putative promoters, thus leaving open the question of the existence of possible regulatory elements common to all miRNAs including those located in introns of protein coding genes.
Model order reduction of fully parameterized systems by recursive least square optimization

This paper presents an approach for the model order reduction of fully parameterized linear dynamic systems. In a fully parameterized system, not only the state matrices, but also can the input/output matrices be parameterized. The algorithm presented in this paper is based on neither conventional moment-matching nor balanced-truncation ideas. Instead, it uses “optimal (block) vectors” to construct the projection matrix, such that the system errors in the whole parameter space are minimized. This minimization problem is formulated as a recursive least square (RLS) optimization and then solved at a low cost. Our algorithm is tested by a set of multi-port multi-parameter cases with both intermediate and large parameter variations. The numerical results show that high accuracy is guaranteed, and that very compact models can be obtained for multi-parameter models due to the fact that the ROM size is independent of the number of parameters in our approach.