Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Live Electrooptic Imaging System Based on Ultraparallel Photonic Heterodyne for Microwave Near-Fields

We report on 100 x 100 pixel live electrooptic imaging (LEI), which is real-time imaging of electrical signals on a microwave circuit. The circuit's electric near-fields can be depicted in real time on a display screen at video frame rates as high as 30 frames/s. This system is based on photonics technology in which electric near-fields are applied to an electrooptic crystal plate and a sensing light beam is modulated there. The frequency of modulation is down-converted by using a photonic heterodyne of large-scale parallelism, and the spatial pattern of the electrooptic modulation is detected with a high-speed image sensor. A digital signal processor is used to extract the frequency component of interest and to animate it on the display screen. As examples, we present live pictures of electric field pattern data acquired by the LEI system in a real-time manner.
Benefits of Electronic Audience Response Systems on Student Participation, Learning, and Emotion

We compared an electronic audience response system (clickers) to standard lecture, hand-raising, and response card methods of student feedback in simulated introductory psychology classes. After hearing the same 30-min psychology lecture, participants in the clicker group had the highest classroom participation, followed by the response card group, both of which were significantly higher than the hand-raising group. Participants in the clicker group also reported greater positive emotion during the lecture and were more likely to respond honestly to in-class review questions.
Aluminum modulates brain amyloidosis through oxidative stress in APP transgenic mice

Epidemiological studies have implicated aluminum (Al) exposure in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, other studies have failed to confirm these results. Oxidative stress is a feature of AD, and Al can exacerbate oxidative events. This biological property has been suggested as a possible mechanism by which this metal could influence the onset and/or evolution of the disease. To test this hypothesis, we fed transgenic mice that over express human amyloid precursor protein (Tg2576) with a diet enriched in Al and measured isoprostane levels, sensitive and specific markers of in vivo oxidative stress, as well as amyloid β peptide formation and deposition. Here, we show an increase in brain isoprostane levels that correlated with increased amyloid β levels and accelerated plaque deposition in Tg2576 mice but not in wild‐type (WT) littermates fed with high dietary Al. Significantly, these in vivo effects of Al were reversed by vitamin E, as judged by a reduction of isoprostane production, amyloid β levels, and plaque deposition. These results indicate that dietary Al can modulate in vivo AD‐like amyloidosis in Tg2576 by increasing brain oxidative stress.
A Novel Extended Hierarchical Dependence Network Method Based on Non-hierarchical Predictive Classes and Applications to Ageing-Related Data

We propose a novel algorithm for hierarchical classification, the Hierarchical Dependence Network based on non-Hierarchical Predictive Classes (HDN-nHPC) algorithm. HDN-nHPC uses relationships among predictive classes that are not descendants or ancestors of each other to improve classification performance and, at the same time, provide insights to non-obvious predictive class relationships. To test our algorithm and baselines, we have used hierarchical ageing-related datasets where the classes are terms in the Gene Ontology. We have concluded, based on our experiments, that using non-hierarchical predictive class relationships improves the performance of the classification algorithm and that, considering one out of three accuracy measures, the HDN-nHPC is statistically significantly better than the other three algorithms that we have tested, while no statistical significant differences were found on the other two measures.
Reconfigurable Fixed Point Dense and Sparse Matrix-Vector Multiply/Add Unit

In this paper, we propose a reconfigurable hardware accelerator for fixed-point-matrix-vector-multiply/add operations, capable to work on dense and sparse matrices formats. The prototyped hardware unit accommodates 4 dense or sparse matrix inputs and performs computations in a space parallel design achieving 4 multiplications and up to 12 additions at 120 MHz over an xc2vp100-6 FPGA device, reaching a throughput of 1.9 GOPS. A total of 11 units can be integrated in the same FPGA chip, achieving a performance of 21 GOPS.
A Modified RSA algorithm to enhance security for digital signature

Digital signature has been providing security services to secure electronic transaction over internet. Rivest, Shamir and Adlemen (RSA) algorithm was most widely used to provide security technique. Here we have modified the RSA algorithm to enhance its level of security. This paper presents a fair comparison between RSA and Modified RSA algorithm along with time and security by running several encryption and decryption setting to process data of different sizes. The efficiency of these algorithms was considered based on key generation speed and security level. The texts of different sizes were encrypted and decrypted using RSA and modified RSA algorithms. The simulation result proves that in Modified RSA algorithm key generation is faster and it enhances security by two levels. RSA algorithm is faster than Modified RSA in terms of encryption and decryption speed.
Jeux de dialogue : formalisation, gestion, terminaison et succès

Dans cet article, nous presentons un modele formel pour les dialogues argumentatifs entre agents. La notion de jeu de dialogue est formalisee a l'aide d'un ensemble de regles de sequencage decrivant les reponses possibles a un message. Nous proposons ici un jeu de demande d'information et un jeu de persuasion. La terminaison de tels dialogues est garantie dans tout les cas de figure. A l'inverse, certaines hypotheses sur la situation informationnelle initiale des participants sont necessaires pour garantir que les buts de ces dialogues sont atteints.
SPITE VERSUS CHEATS: COMPETITION AMONG SOCIAL STRATEGIES SHAPES VIRULENCE IN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA

Social interactions have been shown to play an important role in bacterial evolution and virulence. The majority of empirical studies conducted have only considered social traits in isolation, yet numerous social traits, such as the production of spiteful bacteriocins (anticompetitor toxins) and iron‐scavenging siderophores (a public good) by the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are frequently expressed simultaneously. Crucially, both bacteriocin production and siderophore cheating can be favored under the same competitive conditions, and we develop theory and carry out experiments to determine how the success of a bacteriocin‐producing genotype is influenced by social cheating of susceptible competitors and the resultant impact on disease severity (virulence). Consistent with our theoretical predictions, we find that the spiteful genotype is favored at higher local frequencies when competing against public good cheats. Furthermore, the relationship between spite frequency and virulence is significantly altered when the spiteful genotype is competed against cheats compared with cooperators. These results confirm the ecological and evolutionary importance of considering multiple social traits simultaneously. Moreover, our results are consistent with recent theory regarding the invasion conditions for strong reciprocity (helping cooperators and harming noncooperators).
18F-AV-1451 tau PET imaging correlates strongly with tau neuropathology in MAPT mutation carriers

Little is known about how the in vivo tau PET signal relates to post-mortem tau neuropathology. Smith et al. provide the first evidence that the two are highly correlated by showing that the tau PET tracer 18F-AV-1451 accurately detects tau pathology in subjects with mutations in the tau (MAPT) gene.
The Anchors Hierachy: Using the triangle inequality to survive high dimensional data

This paper is about metric data structures in high-dimensional or non-Euclidean space that permit cached sufficient statistics accelerations of learning algorithms. It has recently been shown that for less than about 10 dimensions, decorating kd-trees with additional "cached sufficient statistics" such as first and second moments and contingency tables can provide satisfying acceleration for a very wide range of statistical learning tasks such as kernel regression, locally weighted regression, k-means clustering, mixture modeling and Bayes Net learning. In this paper, we begin by defining the anchors hierarchy - a fast data structure and algorithm for localizing data based only on a triangle-inequality-obeying distance metric. We show how this, in its own right, gives a fast and effective clustering of data. But more importantly we show how it can produce a well-balanced structure similar to a Ball-Tree (Omohundro, 1991) or a kind of metric tree (Uhlmann, 1991; Ciaccia, Patella, & Zezula, 1997) in a way that is neither "top-down" nor "bottom-up" but instead "middle-out". We then show how this structure, decorated with cached sufficient statistics, allows a wide variety of statistical learning algorithms to be accelerated even in thousands of dimensions.
LFA-1 on CD4+ T Cells Is Required for Optimal Antigen-Dependent Activation In Vivo1

The leukocyte-specific integrin, LFA-1, plays a critical role in trafficking of T cells to both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues. However, the role of LFA-1 in T cell activation in vivo has been less well understood. Although there have been reports describing LFA-1-deficient T cell response defects in vivo, due to impaired migration to lymphoid structures and to sites of effector function in the absence of LFA-1, it has been difficult to assess whether T cells also have a specific activation defect in vivo. We examined the role of LFA-1 in CD4+ T cell activation in vivo by using a system that allows for segregation of the migration and activation defects through the adoptive transfer of LFA-1-deficient (CD18−/−) CD4+ T cells from DO11.10 Ag-specific TCR transgenic mice into wild-type BALB/c mice. We find that in addition to its role in trafficking to peripheral lymph nodes, LFA-1 is required for optimal CD4+ T cell priming in vivo upon s.c. immunization. CD18−/− DO11.10 CD4+ T cells primed in the lymph nodes demonstrate defects in IL-2 and IFN-γ production. In addition, recipient mice adoptively transferred with CD18−/− DO11.10 CD4+ T cells demonstrate a defect in OVA-specific IgG2a production after s.c. immunization. The defect in priming of CD18−/− CD4+ T cells persists even in the presence of proliferating CD18+/− CD4+ T cells and in lymphoid structures to which there is no migration defect. Taken together, these results demonstrate that LFA-1 is required for optimal CD4+ T cell priming in vivo.
Boss Tweed: The Rise and Fall of the Corrupt Pol Who Conceived the Soul of Modern New York

Among the monumental characters who ascended to impossible renown and influence in the history of American politics, few are more fascinating than Boss Tweed; and few working historians could record in more vivid detail his astonishing career than Kenneth D. Ackermanan investigative historian of the first order. Ackerman's vibrant, accessible, and altogether captivating Boss Tweed is a biography of the legendary figure who "bribed the state legislature, fixed elections, skimmed money from city contractors, and diverted public funds on a massive scale. " During his reign at Tammany Hall and then in a variety of elected posts, including as U. S. senator, Tweed wielded almost total control over New York State and City politics, before his unparalleled zealotry and remorseless disregard for the law led to his imprisonment. Yet, as the author shows, Tweed's positive political contributions have been largely overlooked. From one of the most talented new historians to have emerged in recent years, this book presents a thrilling story of the master manipulator who tried to make all of New York the instrument of his own ruthless ambitions, and succeededfor a time. More than sixty photos and political cartoons by Thomas Nast are featured throughout.
Cortical plasticity underlying tactile stimulus learning

1. Adult monkeys were trained in a tactile two-bar recognition task. Bar A delivered sinusoidal vibrations to the distal phalanx of finger II-IV and bar B to the middle, proximal, and partly to the distal phalanx of finger III. Each stimulus train was composed of a sequence of brief vibrations that were delivered alternatively by bar A and B. The monkeys’ task was to recognise two successive sinusoids delivered to one of the bars at the end of a stimulus train. Extensive training led to progressive improvements in the task in all monkeys. 2. The topographic organisation of the hand surfaces was determined in the cortical area 3b in the hemisphere contra-lateral to the trained hand using electro-physiological recording techniques. The representation of the trained hand was compared to the representation of the untrained hand in the ipsi-lateral hemisphere (intra-subject control). 3. The behavioural training selectively altered the cortical representations of the skin surfaces involved in training. The training-related neuronal reorganisation was not observed in the cortical representation of the untrained hand. 4. The reorganised hand representations contained zones where inputs from synchronously stimulated skin sites were represented together (input integration). These novel representations of the input domains of the trained bars were coexistent with single segment representations of trained and untrained skin sites (conservative skin field representation). In each monkey the bar-specific representational zones were unequal in size. The dominant representational zone matched the behavioural preference of the monkey defined from psychophysical data. 5. The localisation of the representation of the input domain of bar A at the rostral border of area 3b and the localisation of the representation of the input domain of bar B within the caudo-medial region of the finger map topographically separated both zones from each other (input segregation). Input segregation was also provided by the reorganisation of dorsal inputs. 6. Neuronal receptive fields in the experimental hemispheres were significantly enlarged compared with receptive fields in control hemispheres. Receptive field overlap was substantially increased in the bar-specific input domains with sharp discontinuities between the overlap zones.
High frequency compensated face hallucination

Face Hallucination is, one of a learning-based super-resolution technique that can reconstruct a high-resolution image using only one low-resolution image. However, there are often some detailed high-frequency components of the reconstructed image that cannot be recovered using this method. In this study, we proposed a high-frequency compensated face hallucination method for enhancing reconstruction performance. The proposed method can be divided into three steps: 1)high-resolution image reconstruction using a conventional hallucination method; 2)residual (high-frequency components) image recovery by “training” a residual image pair; 3)compensation of the reconstructed high-resolution image obtained in step 1 with the reconstructed residual image. Experimental results show that the high-resolution images obtained using our proposed approach are much better than those obtained by conventional hallucination.
TRACKING OBJECT USING EXPONENTIAL FORGETTING FACTOR IN THE LBP CODE

In this paper we present a method for objects tracking in images sequence. This approach is achieved into two main steps. In the first one, we use the Exponential Forgetting Factor in the calculation of Local Binary Pattern to tracking the motif in a sequence of images. In the second one, we perform the algorithm by the pattern selected based on a distance measure to find similarity between two histograms, for this goal we work with The Chi-Square distance. For evaluation the algorithm tracking results we use the cumulative Euclidean distance from the pixel position for each images. The proposed approach has been tested on synthetic and real sequence images and the results are satisfactory.
Remote Effects of Highlights on Gloss Perception

The perception of a glossy surface in a static monochromatic image can occur when a bright highlight is embedded in a compatible context of shading and a bounding contour. Some images naturally give rise to the impression that a surface has a uniform reflectance, characteristic of a shiny object, even though the highlight may only cover a small portion of the surface. Nonetheless, an observer's impression of gloss may be partial and nonuniform at image regions outside of a highlight. A rating scale and small probe points indicating image locations were used to investigate the differential perception of gloss within a single object. Gloss ratings given by observers were not uniform across a surface, but decreased as a function of distance from a highlight. When, by design, the distance from a highlight was uncoupled from the luminance value at corresponding probe points, the decrease in rated gloss correlated more with distance than with luminance change. Experiments also indicated that gloss ratings may change as a function of estimated surface distance, rather than as a function of image distance. Surface continuity affected gloss ratings, suggesting that surface and gloss processing are closely related.
An Econometric U.S. Business Cycle Model with Nominal and Real Rigidities

We estimate an optimization-based model with sticky prices alone (SP model) and one that combines nominal and real rigidities in the form of costly price and labor adjustments (NRR model) over the U.S. postwar time period. We then compare their ability to generate persistent, positive, responses of output, hours and real wages following a positive shock to money supply, and a short-lived, though persistent, decline in hours worked in response to a positive technology shock, as revealed by U.S. postwar evidence. The estimated SP model generates no endogenous real persistence, and this result still prevails with arbitrarily large price adjustment costs. The estimated SP model also generates a persistent rise, rather than a decline, in hours worked in response to a positive technology shock. In contrast, the estimated NRR model delivers persistent increases in output, hours and real wages following a positive money supply shock, and a decline in hours worked after a positive technology shock. En utilisant de donnees americaines d'apres-guerre, nous avons estime un modele standard d'equilibre general avec rigidite des prix, et un modele combinant, a la fois, les rigidites nominale et reelle en forme de couts d'ajustement de prix et d'emploi. Dans le modele standard estime, la reponse des variables reelles a un choc monetaire n'est qu'instantanee. Cependant, le modele avec rigidites nominale et reelle genere des effets reels significatifs et persistants; et les heures travaillees diminuent a la suite d'un choc technologique favorable.
How Can I Interact?: Comparing Full Body Gesture Visualizations

This paper is dedicated to the question "How can I interact? ", which may arise during a full body interaction game. To answer this question, a game needs to tell the players what actions are available and how those actions can be triggered. We focus on the video channel and use onscreen symbols to visualize how available input gestures have to be performed. We describe three symbol variants using recordings of a real person: color images, tracking shapes and skeletons, and solely tracking skeletons. An initial evaluation study shows clear advantages for the color images. We further outline how we extend the current implementation, for both improving the usability of the symbols, as well as easing their development.
Post-perovskite Phase Transition in MgSiO

MgSiO 3 is a representative chemical composition of the Earth's mantle. The upper/lower mantle boundary is marked by the formation of orthorhombic MgSiO 3-rich perovskite (space group: Pbnm). The MgSiO 3 perovskite was first synthesized at 30 GPa in 1975 [1]. Later, the conservation of perovskite structure was confirmed up to 127 GPa [2]. It has been believed that the perovskite-type MgSiO 3-rich phase is a predominant mineral in the lower mantle and is stable to 135 GPa a condition corresponding to the bottom of the mantle. However, phase transition of MgSiO 3 perovskite was once suggested from the seismic anomalies near the base of the mantle around 2700-km depth [3]. In order to investigate the stability and possible phase transition of MgSiO 3 perovskite, we performed in situ X-ray observation of pure MgSiO 3 composition at high pressure and temperature up to 134 GPa and 2600 K corresponding to the conditions of the lowermost mantle [4]. Angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction spectra were collected at beamline BL10XU. High pressure and temperature conditions were generated in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LHDAC). Temperature was measured by the spectroradiometric method. Pressure was determined from the unit-cell volume of platinum mixed with the sample using P-V-T equation of state. Results demonstrate that the Pbnm perovskite structure is stable at least to 114 GPa and 2300 K (Fig. 1). Above 127 GPa and 2500 K, fifteen new peaks were observed in the diffraction pattern. These new peaks from a new MgSiO 3 polymorph (post-perovskite phase) can be indexed by an orthorhombic cell with lattice parameters of a = 2.456(0) Å, b = 8.042(1) Å, and c = 6.093(0) Å. In order to determine the crystal structure that possesses these lattice parameters, molecular dynamics (MD)-aided crystal structure design was performed. The appropriate number of atoms (8 Mg + 8 Si + 24 O; Z=8) were positioned randomly in a double unit cell because of the small a-parameter. Classical MD calculations were carried out with the (NTV) ensemble of this system at high temperature (5000 K), and then the system was quenched to 0 K. The calculations were repeated, each time checking and correcting the atomic positions until the crystal structure became consistent with the crystal chemistry and the calculated XRD pattern matched the observed one. The result revealed a crystal structure of a new phase (post-perovskite phase) with a space group of Cmcm (Fig. 2). This …
Relationship Marketing: Conceptualization and Main Economic Fields of Implementation

The subject of the present paper is consistent with the current developments in marketing theory and practice, referring to a managerial change of priorities from isolated and short term transactional exchanges towards more stable business relationships, with positive consequences on the company long term profitability and competitiveness. Relationship marketing has been promoted in the literature as a natural reaction to technological, economic and social changes occurred in the global business environment. Increased customer migration rates have been a strong argument for many companies for adapting their marketing strategies to new business realities and to understand the value of loyal customers. However, the relationship marketing approach is not equally applicable to all fields of activity, being best implemented in organizational markets and services economic sectors.