Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Fibrinogen Level and Postcardiac Surgery Morbidity and Mortality Rates

Background: High preoperative fibrinogen levels are associated with reduced bleeding rates after cardiac surgery. Fibrinogen is directly involved in inflammatory processes and is a cardiovascular risk factors. Whether high fibrinogen levels before cardiac surgery are a risk factor for mortality or morbidity remains unclear. Aims: This study aimed to examine the association between preoperative fibrinogen levels and mortality and morbidity rates after cardiac surgery. Settings and Design: This is a single-center retrospective study. Material and Methods: Patients (n = 1628) were divided into high (HFGr) and normal (NFGr) fibrinogen level groups, based on the cutoff value of 3.3 g/L, derived from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The primary outcome was the 30-day mortality rate. The rates of postoperative complications, including postoperative bleeding and transfusion rates, were examined. Statistical Analysis: Between-group comparisons were performed with the Mann–Whitney U test and Chi-squared test, as suitable. Model discriminative power was examined with the area under the ROC curve. Results: The HFGr and NFGr included 1103 and 525 patients, respectively. Mortality rate was higher in the HFGr than in the NFGr (2.7% vs. 1.1%, P = 0.04). The 12-h bleeding volume (280 mL [195–400] vs. 305 mL [225–435], P = 0.0003) and 24-h bleeding volume values (400 mL [300–550] vs. 450 mL [340–620], P < 0.0001) were lower in the HFGr than in the NFGr. However, the rate of red blood cell transfusion during hospitalization was higher in the HFGr than in the NFGr (21.7% vs. 5.9%, P = 0.0103). Major complications were more frequent in the HFGr than in the NFGr. Conclusion: High fibrinogen levels were associated with reduced postoperative bleeding volume and increased mortality and morbidity rates.
THE ANATOMY OF THE YOUNG PROTOSTELLAR OUTFLOW HH 211

We present Spitzer Space Telescope 5–36 μm mapping observations toward the southeastern lobe of the young protostellar outflow HH 211. The southeastern terminal shock of the outflow shows a rich mid-infrared spectrum including molecular emission lines from OH, H2O, HCO+, CO2, H2, and HD. The spectrum also shows a rising infrared continuum toward 5 μm, which we interpret as unresolved emission lines from highly excited rotational levels of the CO v = 1–0 fundamental band. This interpretation is supported by a strong excess flux observed in the Spitzer/IRAC 4–5 μm channel 2 image compared to the other IRAC channels. The extremely high critical densities of the CO v = 1–0 ro-vibrational lines and a comparison to H2 and CO excitation models suggest jet densities larger than 106 cm−3 in the terminal shock. We also observed the southeastern terminal outflow shock with the Submillimeter Array and detected pure rotational emission from CO 2–1, HCO+ 3–2, and HCN 3–2. The rotationally excited CO traces the collimated outflow backbone as well as the terminal shock. HCN traces individual dense knots along the outflow and in the terminal shock, whereas HCO+ solely appears in the terminal shock. The unique combination of our mid-infrared and submillimeter observations with previously published near-infrared observations allow us to study the interaction of one of the youngest known protostellar outflows with its surrounding molecular cloud. Our results help us to understand the nature of some of the so-called green fuzzies (Extended Green Objects), and elucidate the physical conditions that cause high OH excitation and affect the chemical OH/H2O balance in protostellar outflows and young stellar objects. In an appendix to this paper, we summarize our Spitzer follow-up survey of protostellar outflow shocks to find further examples of highly excited OH occurring together with H2O and H2.
Nematic versus ferromagnetic spin filtering of triplet Cooper pairs in superconducting spintronics

We consider two types of magnetic Josephson junctions (JJ). They are formed by two singlet superconductors S and magnetic layers between them so that the JJ is a heterostructure of the S-m/n/S-m type, where S-m includes two magnetic layers with noncollinear magnetization vectors. One layer is represented by a weak ferromagnet and another one-the spin filter-is either conducting strong ferromagnet (nematic or N-type JJ) or magnetic tunnel barrier with spin-dependent transparency (magnetic or M-type JJ). Due to spin filtering only a fully polarized triplet component penetrates the normal n wire and provides the Josephson coupling between the superconductors S. Although both filters let to pass triplet Cooper pairs with total spin S parallel to the filter axes, the behavior of nematic and magnetic JJs is completely different. Whereas in the nematic case the charge and spin currents, I-Q and I-sp, do not depend on mutual orientation of the filter axes, both currents vanish in magnetic JJ in the case of antiparallel filter axes, and change sign with reversal of the filter direction. The obtained expressions for I-Q and I-sp clearly show a duality between the superconducting phase phi and the angle alpha between the exchange fields in the weak magnetic layers.
UNDERSTANDING CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS AND ASSOCIATED SHOCKS IN THE SOLAR CORONA BY MERGING MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS

Using multiwavelength imaging observations, in EUV, white light and radio, and radio spectral data over a large frequency range, we analyzed the triggering and development of a complex eruptive event. This one includes two components, an eruptive jet and a coronal mass ejection (CME), which interact during more than 30 minutes, and can be considered as physically linked. This was an unusual event. The jet is generated above a typical complex magnetic configuration that has been investigated in many former studies related to the build-up of eruptive jets; this configuration includes fan-field lines originating from a corona null point above a parasitic polarity, which is embedded in one polarity region of a large active region. The initiation and development of the CME, observed first in EUV, does not show usual signatures. In this case, the eruptive jet is the main actor of this event. The CME appears first as a simple loop system that becomes destabilized by magnetic reconnection between the outer part of the jet and the ambient medium. The progression of the CME is closely associated with the occurrence of two successive type II bursts from a distinct origin. An important part of this study is the first radio type II burst for which the joint spectral and imaging observations were allowed: (1) to follow, step by step, the evolution of the spectrum and of the trajectory of the radio burst, in relationship with the CME evolution and (2) to obtain, without introducing an electronic density model, the B field and the Alfvén speed.
Artificial Material with Negative Thermal Expansion: A Simple Geometrical Approach

In the paper we report the modeling and design of material which has a negative thermal expansion (NTE). The basic assumption is a potential between the atoms in the material can be approximated by a Lennard-Jones potential (6-12) and the dominant interaction is only between nearest neighbors. We show that the material formed by alternating atomic layers wherein each layer contains a type of atom, and geometry of the arrangement of atoms is triangular, may experience an NTE when sigma_AA = sigma_BB = sigma_AB, epsilon_AA = epsilon_BB < epsilon_AB/4 are satisfied, where sigma_ij and epsilon_ij are Lennard-Jones parameters
EFFECTS OF GEOMETRICAL SIZE ON THE INTERBAND LIGHT ABSORPT ION A QUANTUM DOT SUPERLATTICE

We study in this paper the direct interband transitions in a quantum dot superlattice system. We obtain the analytical expressions for the light interband absorption coefficient and threshold frequency of absorption as the functions of geometrical size of quantum dot superlattice system. According to the results obtained from the present work, we find that the absorption threshold frequency decreases when the size of quantum dot superlattice increases.
TEXT SEQUENCE PREDICTION USING RECURRENT NEURAL NETWORK

This paper tries to show how long-term memory-recursive neural networks can be used to generate text sequences in real-time conditions, by predicting a single data point at a time. Next word prediction is an intensive problem in the field of NLP (Natural language processing). Word prediction is the problem of calculating which words are likely to carry forward a given primary text piece. The resulting system is capable of generating the next real-time word in a wide variety of styles.
The effect of dust charge variation, due to ion flow and electron depletion, on dust levitation

Using a fluid model, the plasma densities, electron temperature and ion Mach number in front of a powered electrode in different plasma discharges is computed. The dust charge is computed using OML theory for Maxwellian electrons and ions distributed according to a shifted‐Maxwellian. By assuming force balance between gravity and the electrostatic force, the dust levitation height is obtained. The importance of the dust charge variation is investigated.
Malware Detection using Data Mining Techniques: A Review

Malware detection techniques are rendered ineffective because of the large number of variants being generated from time to time. The large no. of families that attack the systems day in and day out have created havoc on the systems that are either standalone or connected on the web. Data mining techniques which capture the behaviour of the malware have been proved effective in tracking the malware attacks.
First Galaxies and AGNs

Abstract I will discuss the search for galaxies and QSOs at the highest redshifts, out to the Epoch of Reionization. Observations in the submillimeter play a fundamental role in such searches, in particular once ALMA will become operational. I will focus on the properties of the molecular gas (the phase of the ISM out of which stars form) in the earliest systems as derived through observations in the millimetre and radio regime. These observations allow us to measure the reservoir of molecular gas and to constrain the physical properties and excitation of the gas. Resolved imaging of the host galaxies also allows us to derive first dynamical masses for these objects. Such mass determinations are critical to determine whether there is a possible evolution of the famous MBH–σbulge relation with redshift or not. Recent measurements in the QSO redshift record holder J1148+5251 (z= 6.42) provide evidence that the black hole in this system assembled before the stellar bulge.
Do Obese and Nonobese Consumers Respond Differently to Price Changes? Implications of Preference Heterogeneity for Using Food Taxes and Subsidies to Reduce Obesity

Preference heterogeneity in food demand has important health and equity implications for targeted taxes and subsidies intended to enhance diet quality and reduce obesity. We study the role of obesity in the purchases of food at home and food away from home using data from the nationally representative National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey. We develop a method for incorporating the complex survey design and retail scanner data into the estimation of a 21-good Exact Affine Stone Index demand system with endogenous prices and truncated purchases. We find significant preference heterogeneity associated with the obesity status of household members. Counterfactual simulations find that 1) a sweetened beverage tax is effective in increasing the healthfulness of grocery purchases by lower-income obese consumers; 2) the nutritional benefits of a fruit and vegetable subsidy are concentrated on nonobese consumers with little improvement in obese consumers’ Healthy Eating Index and an increase in their total calories purchased; and 3) a fiscally neutral healthy food subsidy fully funded by an unhealthy food tax benefits nonobese consumers both financially and nutritionally more than it does obese consumers. These findings show that lowering healthy food prices without raising the cost of unhealthy foods is unlikely to reduce obesity. Policymakers in favor of a systems approach of simultaneously taxing unhealthy foods and subsidizing healthy foods should be mindful of the distributional effects of this policy on obese consumers and the lower-income population.
GALEX J201337.6+092801: THE LOWEST GRAVITY SUBDWARF B PULSATOR

We present the recent discovery of a new subdwarf B variable (sdBV), with an exceptionally low surface gravity. Our spectroscopy places it at Teff = 32,100 ± 1000, log g = 5.15 ± 0.20, and log(NHe/NH) = –2.8 ± 0.2. With a magnitude of B = 12.0, it is the second brightest V361 Hya star ever found. Photometry from three different observatories reveals a temporal spectrum with 11 clearly detected periods in the range 376–566 s, and at least five more close to our detection limit. These periods are unusually long for the V361 Hya class of short-period sdBV pulsators, but not unreasonable for p- and g-modes close to the radial fundamental, given its low surface gravity. Of the ∼50 short-period sdB pulsators known to date, only a single one has been found to have comparable spectroscopic parameters to GALEX J201337.6+092801(J20136+0928, for short). This is the enigmatic high-amplitude pulsator V338 Ser, and we conclude that J20136+0928 is the second example of this rare subclass of sdB pulsators located well above the canonical extreme horizontal branch in the H-R diagram.
Spin-polarized tunneling study of spin-momentum locking in topological insulators

We demonstrate that the charge-spin conversion efficiency of topological insulators (TI) can be experimentally determined by injecting spin-polarized tunneling electrons into a TI. Through a comparative study between bismuth selenide and bismuth antimony telluride, we verified the topological-surface-state origin of the observed giant spin signals. By injecting energetic electrons into bismuth selenide, we further studied the energy dependence of the effective spin polarization at the TI surface. The experimentally verified large spin polarization, as well as our calculations, provides new insights into optimizing TI materials for near room-temperature spintronic applications.
Low-Rank Matrix Approximations Do Not Need a Singular Value Gap

This is a systematic investigation into the sensitivity of low-rank approximations of real matrices. We show that the low-rank approximation errors, in the two-norm, Frobenius norm and more generally, any Schatten p-norm, are insensitive to additive rank-preserving perturbations in the projector basis; and to matrix perturbations that are additive or change the number of columns (including multiplicative perturbations). Thus, low-rank matrix approximations are always well-posed and do not require a singular value gap. In the presence of a singular value gap, connections are established between low-rank approximations and subspace angles.
On the applicability of a new version of lifting surface theory to non-slender and kinked wings

Results are presented which are obtained by a new elaborate method developed at NLR for the determination of the characteristics of thin wings in subsonic flow. Attention is paid to the rate of convergence of the numerical solutions, especially with respect to the number of collocation points. Two rectangular wings have been treated in order to examine the influence of the aspect ratio. The influence of the rounding of a kink is demonstrated by means of a series of constant choird wings with hyperbolic edges.
Modified multiaxial tensile tests with geogrids in soil contact

For geogrids with the function "stabilization", the (low) deformability is one of the essential parameters. As a punctual wheel load is usually involved, the products are subjected to multiaxial loads. Therefore, one-directional tensile strip tests are not sufficiently meaningful for this application. A modified burst test is more likely to generate a multiaxial tensile load to geogrids. The geogrid is clamped in a circular ring and loaded by a spherically inflating membrane. The geogrid deforms into a spherical segment. This "multiaxial" tensile force-elongation behaviour can be evaluated and compared. The “multiaxial” test method has been further developed, while applying a gravel layer to the membrane (in a superstructure) and then tensioning the geogrid over it. This means that the geogrid is loaded by the ballast and no longer directly by the smooth membrane. Thus, any interaction effects between geogrid and gravel are also reflected, and the test approaches a so-called performance test. In principle, the evaluation is analogous to the test without gravel, but the measured values and diagrams reflect not only the ratio of load-deformation-stress, but also the interaction effects. Test setup, special features and evaluation are described and illustrated. The experiments and the results for three geogrids are presented and commented.
Macrozoobenthic Community Structure in the Kemayungan-Linduk Waters, Banten Bay

The objective of this study was to investigate the macrozoobenthic community structure in Kemayungan-Linduk waters, Banten Bay. This study was conducted for three months from February to April 2021. Van Veen grab was used to gather macrozoobenthic samples in triplicate at six sites. Environmental parameters such as depth, Secchi depth, water temperature, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and salinity were also measured. According to our findings, Gastropods, Bivalvia, Malacostraca, Polychaeta, Clitellata, Insecta, and Ophiuroidea were found in the Kemayungan-Linduk waters. Macrozoobenthic density varied across time, ranging from 1646 to 5787 individuals/m2, with the maximum density occurring in April 2021. Macrozoobenthic diversity based on the Shannon-Wiener index ranged from 0.34 - 1.69. The Pielou’s evenness index varied from 0.10 - 0.45, Simpson dominance index varied from 0.31 - 0.89. Macrozoobenthic density ranged from 30 - 16883 individuals/m2, and the highest density was at Station 4, based on location. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index varied from 0.28 - 1.96, whereas the evenness and dominance indexes were 0.08 - 0.95 and 0.16 - 0.92, respectively. Based on spatial observations, the macrozoobenthic community in Kemayungan-Linduk waters displayed low to moderate diversity, as well as low to high evenness and dominance.
Controllable Synthesis of Hierarchical Dendrite-Like Iron-Based Hybrids with Boosting Microwave Absorption Performance

Fabricating high-performance microwave absorption materials with excellent attenuation property covering low frequency ranges are urgently needed for applications in our daily life. Herein, we put forward the controllable synthesis of hierarchical dendrite-like iron-carbon hybrids (Fe-C based hybrids) through three steps, including the hydrothermal method, chemical vapor deposition strategy and hydrogen reduction using K3[Fe(CN)6] and C2H2 as Fe and C source, respectively. Due to the existence of interface polarization effect, natural resonance, and exchange resonance generated from Fe-C based hybrids, the microwave absorption property in low frequency bands of the as-fabricated Fe-C based hybrids are growing as the filler loading increases. The Fe-C based hybrids achieved the minimum reflection loss value (RLmin) at 2.95 GHz as low as -31.73 dB at 4.5 mm, and the effective absorption bandwidth can reach up to 9.19 GHz in the range of thickness from 1.5 to 5.0 mm, covering the entire L, S, C, and X-band frequency bands. The novel structure design provides a facile and meaningful strategy for fabricating two-dimensional hierarchical dendrite-like Fe-C based hybrids as high-performance microwave absorbers.
Nonlinear Difference-in-Difference Treatment Effect Estimation: A Distributional Analysis

This chapter uses the nonlinear difference-in-difference (NL-DID) methodology developed by Athey and Imbens (2006) to estimate the effects of a treatment program on the entire distribution of an outcome variable. The NL-DID estimates the entire counterfactual distribution of an outcome variable that would have occurred in the absence of treatment. This chapter extends the Monte Carlo results in Athey and Imbens's (2006) to assess the efficacy of the NL-DID estimators in finite samples. Furthermore, the NL-DID methodology recovers the entire outcome distribution in the absence of treatment. Further, we consider the empirical size and power of tests statistics for equality of mean, medians, and complete distributions as suggested by Abadie (2002). The results show that the NL-DID estimator can effectively be used to recover the average treatment effect, as well as the entire distribution of the treatment effects when there is no selection during the treatment period in finite samples.
On the nature and detectability of Type Ib/c supernova progenitors

Context. The progenitors of many Type II supernovae have been observationally identified but the search for Type Ibc supernova (SN Ibc) progenitors has thus far been unsuccessful, despite the expectation that they are luminous Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars. Aims. We investigate how the evolution of massive helium stars affects their visual appearances, and discuss the implications for the detectability of SN Ibc progenitors. Methods. Evolutionary models of massive helium stars are analysed and their properties compared to Galactic WR stars. Results. Massive WR stars that rapidly lose their helium envelopes through stellar-wind mass-loss end their lives when their effective temperatures – related to their hydrostatic surfaces – exceed about 150 kK. At their pre-supernova stage, their surface properties resemble those of hot Galactic WR stars of WO sub-type. These are visually faint with narrow-band visual magnitudes Mv = −1.5 ··· −2.5, despite their high bolometric luminosities (logL/L� = 5.6 ··· 5.7), compared to the bulk of Galactic WR stars (Mv < −4). In contrast, relatively low-mass helium stars that retain a thick helium envelope appear fairly bright in optical bands, depending on the final masses and the history of the envelope expansion during the late evolutionary stages. Conclusions. We conclude that SNe Ibc observations have so far not provided strong constraints on progenitor bolometric luminosities and masses, even with the deepest searches. We also argue that Ic progenitors are more challenging to identify than Ib progenitors in any optical images.
ATHENA detector proposal — a totally hermetic electron nucleus apparatus proposed for IP6 at the Electron-Ion Collider

ATHENA has been designed as a general purpose detector capable of delivering the full scientific scope of the Electron-Ion Collider. Careful technology choices provide fine tracking and momentum resolution, high performance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry, hadron identification over a wide kinematic range, and near-complete hermeticity. This article describes the detector design and its expected performance in the most relevant physics channels. It includes an evaluation of detector technology choices, the technical challenges to realizing the detector and the R&D required to meet those challenges.