Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of polarization diversity for land mobile satellite system

The use of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology to Land Mobile Satellite (LMS) system helps to improve the capacity and spectral efficiency of the system. One of the efficient ways of realizing MIMO in LMS communication system is by using polarization diversity. Polarization diversity employs different polarization to realize multiple independent propagation paths. Apart from the conventional method of realizing polarization diversity by employing spatially separated antennas with different polarization, dual-polarized antenna offers a space and cost effective alternative. This paper aims at improving reliability in LMS system with the use of a coding scheme that jointly utilises space, time and polarization diversities.
Life-history characteristics of coral reef gobies. II. Mortality rate, mating system and timing of maturation

High adult mortality rate is expected to select for early maturation. However, physiological constraints or size-related reproductive benefits might select for delayed maturation, especially in small-bodied species. Additionally, the mating system and the relative intensity of mate competition can modify the timing of maturation. Here, we investigate the influence of mortality rate and mating system on the timing of maturation in 5 species of small coral reef goby that are either polygynous (Asterropteryx semipunctatus and Istigobius goldmanni) or monogamous pair-spawners (Amblygobius bynoensis, Amblygobius phalaena and Valenciennea muralis). All 5 species experienced high annual adult mortality rates with annual survivorship of ≤2.3%. The mean size at maturity, compared to maximum adult size, was smaller than is typical for fishes, indicating selection for early maturity in all of these species. The season of growth had little effect on size at maturity, but had a considerable effect on age at maturity, with summer-growing individuals exhibiting a younger mean age at maturity than winter-growing individuals. As predicted, males of the 3 monogamous pair-spawning species matured earlier and smaller than females (A. bynoensis and A. phalaena) or at the same time as females (V. muralis), but contrary to expectation, males of the 2 polygynous species (A. semipunctatus and I. goldmanni) did not mature later and at a larger size than females. Overall, the timing of maturation in these species is consistent with predictions from general life-history theory, however, the sex-specific timing of maturation may be influenced by body size constraints and the mating system.
Diabetes as a complication of adipose tissue dysfunction. Is there a role for potential new biomarkers?

Abstract Increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes is a major health problem of the modern world and requires new diagnostic tools to assess early metabolic disorders, particularly insulin resistance. The link between obesity, inflammation and insulin resistance indicates the important secretory role of adipose tissue. Proinflammatory factors (cytokines, adipokines) produced by enlarged adipose tissue are related to impaired glucose metabolism. Adipokines act as paracrine factors in adipose tissue and as endocrine hormones in the liver, muscles and central nervous system. Novel adipokines secreted from adipocytes such as retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), vaspin, omentin, chemerin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) demonstrate pleiotropic activity and their insulin-sensitizing or enhancing insulin resistance properties have not been clearly confirmed yet. In spite of the lack of standardized automated assay methods currently available for these novel biomarkers, promising results from several studies emphasize that they might potentially be useful prognostic factors for diabetes and its complications, especially in individuals without the typical symptoms of metabolic syndrome.
Research on slam algorithm of iterated extended Kalman filtering for multi-sensor fusion

For the problem of the error of EKF in linearization, an iterated extended Kalman filtering algorithm based on IMU and laser sensor for environmental feature matching is proposed. The KNearest Neighbor algorithm is applied to match the data obtained by IMU and laser sensor. In the measurement phase, the nonlinear system is linearized multiple by EKF. The simulation results show that the new method effectively reduces the nonlinear error and inhibits the error accumulation caused by IMU. Compared with traditional extended Kalman filtering, the root mean square error of position and azimuth was reduced by 48%, 16% and 29%, respectively. As the result, the navigation accuracy of system is improved and state tracking performance outperforms better than traditional EKF. CCS Concepts • Theory of computation → Design and analysis of algorithms → Algorithm design techniques → Backtracking.
Quantifying the effect of incomplete information in denial of service detection

The performance loss due to incomplete information in denial of service (DoS) detection is quantified in this paper. Volumetric DoS detection is formulated as a signal detection problem. Two detectors are defined: the first operates without knowledge of the attack model and the second operates as if the attack model were known. The performance loss is quantified by comparing the two detectors. Simulation results demonstrate that the performance loss is greatest for low intensity attacks and slowly diminishes as the attack intensity increases.
Goals, Topics and Tools of Computer Science for All University or College Courses: (Abstract Only)

As the importance of Computer Science for all grows, questions about the foundation of CS related skills and knowledge everyone should be familiar with arise. Different education institutions or initiatives offer courses or other materials to provide CS knowledge and skills necessary to participate in future life, or any profession. Among these institutions are numerous universities and colleges which started to offer Computer Science courses explicitly aimed at non-CS majors. These course materials form an extensive data pool for determining crucial CS knowledge for non-majors. While the courses differ with regards to intention and topics, reflect a personal perception of the designer, or address specific local demands, they may still contain a foundation of CS for everyone. By examining multiple university and college courses, one can determine this foundation. In this preliminary study, we analyzed an initial sample of thirty different international Computer Science for all courses offered at colleges and universities between 2010 and 2017. The materials - syllabi and schedules of these different courses - were examined using a qualitative content analysis as proposed by Mayring. Based on coding results from the content analysis we identified the types of learning objectives those courses aim at. We also list inductively derived topic categories (e.g., representation of data, security, and social implications) and present different programming languages or tools used within those courses. Afterwards, the frequencies of topics in proportion to the number of courses were reported and associated with the previously identified learning objectives.
Sexual Homicide by Older Male Offenders

Recent research has expanded our understanding of sexual homicide offenders (SHOs). However, little exists beyond case reports for older SHOs. We characterized male SHOs ≥ 55 years, comparing them to typical adult male SHOs who are in their 20s. Analysis of 37 years (1976–2012) of US Supplementary Homicide Reports data provided a large SHO sample (N = 3453). Three case reports provide clinical context for the diverse nature and patterns of older SHOs. Only 32 older male SHOs and no older female SHOs were identified. Murders by older SHOs accounted for only 0.5% of US sexual homicides. Unlike typical SHOs that generally target young adult females, over two‐thirds of older SHO victims were ≥40 years, and one‐third were ≥55 years. Sexual homicides by older SHOs, like sexual homicide in general, decreased over the study period. These crimes, while exceedingly rare, do occur, warranting special consideration.
A combination of Nottingham prognostic index and IHC4 score predicts pathological complete response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer

Pathologic complete response (pCR) prediction after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is important for clinical decision-making in breast cancer. This study investigated the predictive value of Nottingham prognostic index (NPI), Immunohistochemical four (IHC4) score and a new predictive index combined with them in estrogen-positive (ER+) breast cancer following NAC. We retrospectively gathered clinical data of 739 ER+ breast cancer patients who received NAC from two cancer centers. We developed a new predictive biomarker named NPI+IHC4 to predict pCR in ER+ breast cancer in a training set (n=443) and validated it in an external validation set (n=296). The results showed that a lower IHC4 score, NPI and NPI+IHC4 were significantly associated a high pCR rate in the entire cohort. In the study set, NPI+IHC4 showed a better sensitivity and specificity for pCR prediction (AUC 0.699, 95% CI 0.626-0.772) than IHC4 score (AUC 0.613, 95% CI 0.533-0.692), NPI (AUC 0.576, 95% CI 0.494-0.659), tumor size (AUC 0.556, 95% CI 0.481-0.631) and TNM stage (AUC 0.521, 95% CI 0.442-0.601). In the validation set, NPI+IHC4 had a better predictive value for pCR (AUC 0.665, 95% CI 0.579-0.751) than IHC4 score or NPI alone. In addition, ER+ patients with lower IHC4, NPI and NPI+IHC4 scores had significantly better DFS in both study and validation sets. In summary, NPI+IHC4 can predict pCR following NAC and prognosis in ER+ breast cancer, which is cost-effect and potentially more useful in guiding decision-making regarding NAC in clinical practice. Further validation is needed in prospective clinical trials with larger cohorts of patients.
Wireless power transfer system for biomedical application: A review

Wireless power transfer system is an emerging technology that is useful to recharge the battery wirelessly for various portable and biomedical implant devices, battery free sensors, passive RF identification, near-field communications, and many others in near field region. WPT is a fundamental enabling technology which eliminates wired power connections. It is a very broad research area that has recently become applicable to implantable medical devices. Biomedical implanted devices are becoming popular in health and medical applications in a wide range of areas, such as, cardiac pacemakers, retinal prosthesis, cochlear implants, defibrillator, smart orthopedic implants, artificial hearts etc. The traditional approach of supplying power to these devices is implantable batteries, bio-fuel cell and percutaneous links. However, any battery has limited energy storage and life span similarly bio-fuel cell has low output power and percutaneous links are susceptible to infection and reliability problems. Currently, most commercial implanted devices utilize high volume, non-rechargeable batteries. These batteries inevitably need to be replaced at the end of their life span by costly surgery. In addition, bulky size of the batteries due to high energy requirement becomes an obstacle in design of compact implantable devices. The aim of this paper is to review WPT technology in biomedical Application and challenges in WPT system design. The most important advantage of wireless power transfer system is longer life span as compared to non rechargeable batteries and capability to deliver power without costly invasive surgery. In addition invasive surgery involves serious health hazards which are totally eliminated by Wireless Power Transfer System.
A Receiver-Based Opportunistic Forwarding Protocol for Mobile Sensor Networks

In mobile sensor networks, the mobility of nodes leads to frequent changes of network topology, therefore the communication links between source nodes and sink vary dynamically. The receiver based routing protocols do not need to establish global routing between source nodes and sink, but allow the neighbor nodes of the sender to contend for the forwarding right under certain rules, and only the contention winner has the right to forward data. Existing receiver-based routing protocols can be applied to the mobile sensor networks, but they suffer from some disadvantages in the fields of forwarding priority calculation, data collisions, multicast suppression and routing void. A receiver based opportunistic forwarding protocol (ROF) was proposed in this paper. The ROF protocol optimized the forwarding priority calculation, and designed a dual-channel based forwarding right contention mechanism, which dealt with the data collision and multicast suppression problem better, and put forward an efficient mechanism for routing void bypass. The simulation results show that ROF is excellent in the aspects of communication consumption, forwarding delay and reliability.
A novel assay to detect calreticulin mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms

The myeloproliferative neoplasms are chronic myeloid cancers divided in Philadelphia positive (Ph+), chronic myeloid leukemia, or negative: polycythemia vera (PV) essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Most Ph negative cases have an activating JAK2 or MPL mutation. Recently, somatic mutations in the calreticulin gene (CALR) were detected in 56–88% of JAK2/MPL-negative patients affected by ET or PMF. The most frequent mutations in CARL gene are type-1 and 2. Currently, CALR mutations are evaluated by sanger sequencing. The evaluation of CARL mutations increases the diagnostic accuracy in patients without other molecular markers and could represent a new therapeutic target for molecular drugs. We developed a novel detection assay in order to identify type-1 and 2 CALR mutations by PNA directed PCR clamping. Seventy-five patients affected by myeloproliferative neoplasms and seven controls were examined by direct DNA sequencing and by PNA directed PCR clamping. The assay resulted to be more sensitive, specific and cheaper than sanger sequencing and it could be applied even in laboratory not equipped for more sophisticated analysis. Interestingly, we report here a case carrying both type 1 and type2 mutations in CALR gene.
Manuscript Submitted to Ieee Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics Drawing Road Networks with Focus Regions

250 m Fig. 1. A road map of Boston (left). A user selects a focus region (black circle) and sets a zoom factor Z, here Z = 3. Then, an output map (right) is generated. The focus region is scaled up by Z while the map still fits into its original frame. This is achieved by scaling some parts of the road network down that are not in the focus region. Distortions at road segments of the network are minimized. Abstract—Mobile users of maps typically need detailed information about their surroundings plus some context information about remote places. In order to avoid that the map partly gets too dense, cartographers have designed mapping functions that enlarge a user-defined focus region – such functions are sometimes called fish-eye projections. The extra map space occupied by the enlarged focus region is compensated by distorting other parts of the map. We argue that, in a map showing a network of roads relevant to the user, distortion should preferably take place in those areas where the network is sparse. Therefore, we do not apply a predefined mapping function. Instead, we consider the road network as a graph whose edges are the road segments. We compute a new spatial mapping with a graph-based optimization approach, minimizing the square sum of distortions at edges. Our optimization method is based on a convex quadratic program (CQP); CQPs can be solved in polynomial time. Important requirements on the output map are expressed as linear inequalities. In particular, we show how to forbid edge crossings. We have implemented our method in a prototype tool. For instances of different sizes, our method generated output maps that were far less distorted than those generated with a predefined fish-eye projection. Future work is needed to automate the selection of roads relevant to the user. Furthermore, we aim at fast heuristics for application in real-time systems.
Spear phishing: Diagnosing attack paradigm

Internet is a rich source of web media and social networking applications. A cluster of users interconnect using those forming mutligroups. But the usage of web resources imprudently is causing doors to phishing, pharming and targeted phishing attacks. Careless use of social networking applications like LinkedIn, pinterest, whatsapp, face book and twitter barely from smart phones have become extrinsic sources for phishing and pharming attacks. Hence, it is essential to understand the pinholes of these attacks and their relationship with variants of user-agents on distributed platform. In this paper, we direct our survey in finding extrinsic porches influential to nasty invasions as attack entry point analysis. Also, we incline our detection considering recursive NM cache poisoning as the source of spear-phish attack. We present a detail analysis to determine spear-phishing. We evaluate and compare the spear phish feature detection attributes with PhishTank, a benchmark dataset.
Scalable instruction set simulator for thousand-core architectures running on GPGPUs

Simulators are still the primary tools for development and performance evaluation of applications running on massively parallel architectures. However, current virtual platforms are not able to tackle the complexity issues introduced by 1000-core future scenarios. We present a fast and accurate simulation framework targeting extremely large parallel systems by specifically taking advantage of the inherent potential processing parallelism available in modern GPGPUs.
Inter-camera tracking based on fully unsupervised online learning

In this paper, we present a novel fully automatic approach to track the same human across multiple disjoint cameras. Our framework includes a two-phase feature extractor and an online-learning-based camera link model estimation. We introduce an effective and robust integration of appearance and context features. Couples are detected automatically, and the couple feature is also integrated with appearance features effectively. The proposed algorithm is scalable with the use of a fully unsupervised online learning framework. In the experiments, it outperforms all the state-of-the-art methods on the benchmark NLPR_MCT dataset.
Cryptic genetic diversity in the mottled rabbitfish Siganus fuscescens with mitochondrial introgression at a contact zone in the South China Sea

The taxonomy of the mottled rabbitfish Siganus fuscescens species complex has long been challenging. In this study, we analyzed microsatellite genotypes, mitochondrial lineages, and morphometric data from 373 S. fuscescens individuals sampled from the northern Philippines and Hong Kong (South China Sea, Philippine Sea and Sulu Sea basins), to examine putative species boundaries in samples comprising three co-occurring mitochondrial lineages previously reported to characterize S. fuscescens (Clade A and Clade B) or S. canaliculatus (Clade C). We report the existence of two cryptic species within S. fuscescens in the northeast region of the South China Sea and northern Philippine Sea, supported by genetic and morphological differences. Individual-based assignment methods recovered concordant groupings of individuals into two nuclear genotype clusters (Cluster 1, Cluster 2) with (1) limited gene flow, if any, between them (FST = 0.241; P < 0.001); (2) low frequency of later-generation hybrids; (3) significant association with mitochondrial Clade A and Clade B, respectively; and (4) subtle yet significant body shape differences as inferred from geometric morphometric analysis. The divergence between mitochondrial Clade C and the two other clades was not matched by genetic differences at microsatellite marker loci. The occurrence of discordant mitonuclear combinations (20.5% of the total number of individuals) is thought to result from mitochondrial introgression, consistent with a scenario of demographic, and presumably spatial, post-Pleistocene expansion of populations from northern regions into a secondary contact zone in the South China Sea. Mitonuclear discordance due to introgression obscures phylogenetic relationships for recently-diverged lineages, and cautions against the use of mitochondrial markers alone for species identification within the mottled rabbitfish species complex in the South China Sea region.
Classification of Randomly Generated Test Cases

Random test case generation produces relatively diverse test sequences, but the validity of the test verdict is always uncertain. Because tests are generated without taking the specification and documentation into account, many tests are invalid. To understand the prevalent types of successful and invalid tests, we present a classification of 56 issues that were derived from 208 failed, randomly generated test cases. While the existing workflow successfully eliminated more than half of the tests as irrelevant, half of the remaining failed tests are false positives. We show that the new @NonNull annotation of Java 8 has the potential to eliminate most of the false positives, highlighting the importance of machine-readable documentation.
Effects of a NR2B selective NMDA glutamate antagonist, CP‐101,606, on dyskinesia and parkinsonism

Glutamate antagonists decrease dyskinesia and augment the antiparkinsonian effects of levodopa in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). In a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial, we investigated the acute effects of placebo and two doses of a NR2B subunit selective NMDA glutamate antagonist, CP‐101,606, on the response to 2‐hour levodopa infusions in 12 PD subjects with motor fluctuations and dyskinesia. Both doses of CP‐101,606 reduced the maximum severity of levodopa‐induced dyskinesia ∼30% but neither dose improved Parkinsonism. CP‐101,606 was associated with a dose‐related dissociation and amnesia. These results support the hypothesis that glutamate antagonists may be useful antidyskinetic agents. However, future studies will have to determine if the benefits of dyskinesia suppression can be achieved without adverse cognitive effects. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Schumpeter's Contribution to Price Theory

Schumpeter distinguishes between the circular flow of economic activity and economic development. The former is characterised by equilibrium, while the latter involves discontinuous change. The price theory that Schumpeter associates with the circular flow is the well established Walrasian price system. However, the price theory which Schumpeter proposes for economic development is only partially developed in writings and has been largely ignored since. Yet, it is the analysis of economic development that constitutes Schumpeter's enduring contribution to economic thought. This paper provides a critical examination of Schumpeter's price theory as it applies when there is economic development and provides some suggestions for further development of the theory.