Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atrial Fibrillation Begets Heart Failure and Vice Versa: Temporal Associations and Differences in Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction.

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) frequently coexist and together confer an adverse prognosis. The association of AF with HF subtypes has not been well described. We sought to examine differences in the temporal association of AF and HF with preserved versus reduced ejection fraction. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied Framingham Heart Study participants with new-onset AF or HF between 1980 and 2012. Among 1737 individuals with new AF (mean age, 75±12 years; 48% women), more than one third (37%) had HF. Conversely, among 1166 individuals with new HF (mean age, 79±11 years; 53% women), more than half (57%) had AF. Prevalent AF was more strongly associated with incident HF with preserved ejection fraction (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48-3.70; no AF as referent) versus HF with reduced ejection fraction (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.83-2.10), with a trend toward difference between HF subtypes (P for difference=0.06). Prevalent HF was associated with incident AF (HR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.26-3.76; no HF as referent). The presence of both AF and HF portended greater mortality risk compared with neither condition, particularly among individuals with new HF with reduced ejection fraction and prevalent AF (HR, 2.72; 95% CI, 2.12-3.48) compared with new HF with preserved ejection fraction and prevalent AF (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.41-2.37; P for difference=0.02). CONCLUSIONS AF occurs in more than half of individuals with HF, and HF occurs in more than one third of individuals with AF. AF precedes and follows HF with both preserved and reduced ejection fraction, with some differences in temporal association and prognosis. Future studies focused on underlying mechanisms of these dual conditions are warranted.
TSP-based curve reconstruction in polynomial time

An instance of the curve reconstruction problem is a finite sample set V of an unknown curve V and the task is to connect the points in V in the order in which they lie on % Giesen [Gie99] showed recently tha t the Traveling Salesman tour of V solves the reconstruction problem under fairly week assumptions on V and V. We extend his result along three dimensions. We weaken the assumptions, we give an al ternate proof, and we show tha t in the context of curve reconstruction the Traveling Salesman tour can be constructed in polynomial time. 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n An instance of the curve reconstruction problem is a finite sample set V of an unknown curve -)' and the task is to construct a graph G on V such that two points in V are connected by an edge of G iff the points are adjacent on % The graph G is called a polygonal reconstruction of 7The curve reconstruction problem and the related surface reconstruction problem received a lot of at tention in the graphics and the computat ional geometry community. We are interested in reconstruction algorithms with guaranteed per/ormanc¢, i.e., a lgori thms which provably solve the reconstruction problem under certain assumptions on ~/ and V. Figure 1 i l lustrates the curve reconstruction problem. If the curve is closed, smooth, and uniformly sampled, several methods are known to work ranging over minimum spanning trees [FG94], a shapes [BB97, EKS83], B-skeletons [KR85], and r-regular shapes [Att97]. A survey of these techniques appears in [Ede98]. The case of non-uniformly sampled closed curves was first t reated successfully by Amenta, Bern and Eppstein [ABE98] and subsequently improved algorithms such as [DK99, Go199] appeared. Open nonuniformly sampled curves were treated in [DMR99]. All papers mentioned so far require that the underlying ~ a x c h partially supported by EG-projects ALCOM-IT and GALIA. tMax-Planck-Institute fiir Inforrnatik, Irn Stadtwald, 66123 Saarbr/icken $Max-Planck-Institute fiir Informatik, Irn Stadtwald, 66123 Saarbriicken . 1. _.
3DHLS: Incorporating high-level synthesis in physical planning of three-dimensional (3D) ICs

Three-dimensional (3D) circuit integration is a promising technology to alleviate performance and power related issues raised by interconnects in nanometer CMOS. Physical planning of three-dimensional integrated circuits is substantially different from that of traditional planar integrated circuits, due to the presence of multiple layers of dies. To realize the full potential offered by three-dimensional integration, it is necessary to take physical information into consideration at higher-levels of the design abstraction for 3D ICs. This paper proposes an incremental system-level synthesis framework that tightly integrates behavioral synthesis of modules into the layer assignment and floorplan- ning stage of 3D IC design. Behavioral synthesis is implemented as a sub-routine to be called to adjust delay/power/variability/area of circuit modules during the physical planning process. Experimental results show that with the proposed synthesis-during-planning methodology, the overall timing yield is improved by 8%, and the chip peak temperature reduced by 6.6°C, compared to the conventional planning-after-synthesis approach.
PROCESSING AND INTERPRETATION OF MAGNETOTELLURIC SOUNDINGS

A few methods in the processing and interpretation of magnetotelluric soundings over a stratified earth are investigated, with emphasis on the less commonly used time‐domain procedures. Analytical expressions of the theoretical transfer function between the magnetic‐ and electric‐field variations, both in frequency and time domain, are derived. Their properties are studied, and recursive algorithms are given for their numerical computation. On the other hand, a procedure is outlined which leads directly in the time domain to the experimental values of this transfer function. It is similar to the methods used in seismic analysis for signal determination and makes use of the auto‐ and crosscorrelation functions of the measured field variations. Finally, methods of interpretation, based either on a visual or on an automatic comparison of these theoretical and experimental transfer functions, are proposed. For the case of automatic interpretation, complementary geologic data should be used where possible to t.
Performance of protograph LDPC codes over ergodic Nakagami fading channels

The protograph low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes have drawn much attention in the past decade due to their simple structures and outstanding error performance. Unfortunately, the conventional protograph codes designed for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels can not perform well in ergodic Nakagami fading channels. To address this issue, we construct a new rate-1/2 protograph code, called improved accumulate-repeat-accumulate (IARA) code, by exploiting a modified PEXIT algorithm. We compare the decoding threshold and bit error rate (BER) of the IARA code with the existing protograph codes, the regular LDPC code and the irregular code over ergodic Nakagami fading channels. Both analytical and simulated results show that the proposed IARA code can achieve the lowest BER in the high signal-to-noise-ratio region. Hence, the IARA code can be considered as a good candidate for use in wireless communication systems with fast fading.
Body Composition as Determinant of Thrombin Generation in Plasma: The Hoorn Study

Objective—The association between obesity and cardiovascular disease and venous thromboembolism might, at least partially, be explained by a hypercoagulable state. The extent to which body fat mass and its distribution contribute to a hypercoagulable state is unknown. In this study, we investigated the association between body composition and thrombin generation and evaluated the potential mediating role of low-grade inflammation. Methods and Results—We studied 586 individuals from the Hoorn Study (mean age, 69.7±6.5 years, 298 women) in whom body composition was assessed by whole body dual-energy absorptiometry. Thrombin generation was measured using the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram. Multiple regression analyses showed a positive association between total body fat and thrombin generation in women but not in men. In addition, detailed analyses of regional body composition showed that central but not peripheral fat mass was associated with greater thrombin generation and that there was a trend toward an inverse association with peripheral lean mass. The reported positive associations were partially attenuated by low-grade inflammation, however. Conclusion—Body fat mass, in particular a central pattern of fat distribution, is associated with higher levels of thrombin generation in elderly women but not in men. This association may partially be explained by adiposity-related low-grade inflammation, but this hypothesis needs to be further investigated in mechanistic/prospective studies.
Improving the nutrition quality of the school feeding program (Mid day meal) in India through fortification: a case study.

UNLABELLED Micronutrient malnutrition is widely prevalent in school children in India. India's national school feeding program, the Mid-Day Meal (MDM) scheme, is the largest in the world and caters to 120 million children in primary schools. Complementary strategies such as deworming or fortifying meals provided through the MDM scheme could increase the nutritional impact of this program. India's Supreme Court has directed that only hot, cooked meals be provided in MDM, through a decentralised model. However, in urban areas, big centralised kitchens cook and serve a large number of schools, with some kitchens serving up to 150,000 children daily. The objective of this project was to test the operational feasibility of fortifying the school meal in centralised kitchens, as well as the acceptability of fortified meals by recipients. A pilot was conducted in 19 central kitchens run by the Naandi Foundation in four different States. Several food vehicles were used for fortification: wheat flour, soyadal- analogue and biscuits. More than 750, 000 children were reached with fortified food on all school days for a period of one year. Fortified food was found to be acceptable to all stakeholders. The government is in favour of continuing fortification. The Naandi Foundation has adopted fortification as their norm and continues to fortify all meals provided from their central kitchens. IN CONCLUSION fortification of school meals with micronutrients can be integrated in the normal cooking process and is well accepted by all stakeholders. This pilot could hold lessons for other states in adopting fortification in MDM.
Importance of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) in various administration routes and future perspectives

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) have been reported to be an alternative system to emulsions, liposomes, microparticles and their polymeric counterparts for various application routes since the early 1990s due to their advantages. Various research groups have also increasingly focused on improving their stability in body fluids after administration by coating of particles with hydrophilic molecules such as poly(ethylene)glycol (PEG) derivatives. Altering surface characteristics by coating SLN with hydrophilic molecules improves plasma stability and biodistribution, and subsequent bioavailability of drugs entrapped. Their storage stability is also increased. This paper basicly reviews types of SLN, principles of drug loading and models of drug incorporation. The influence of PEG coating on particle size and surface characteristics is discussed followed by alteration in pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of drugs in order to target the site of action via SLN. The future direction of research and clinical implications of SLN is also considered.
Correlates of Teaching Willingness among Teachers of the Mentally Retarded.

This study investigated relationships between willingness to teach and selected variables including personal, familial, school, and social factors among teachers of the mentally retarded in Taiwan. Participants included 527 elementary and junior high school teachers of the mentally retarded. Personal factors statistically correlated with teaching willingness indluded personal choice of special class teaching, religious beliefs, aptitude for special class teaching. present health condition, presert teaching environment, and prior experience with the handicapped. Family support was also associated with teaching willingness, as were school support, colleague relations, students' feedback, autonomy in curriculum planning, and special class environment. (PB) ;c,,,,. ************i. :,AAi. ***********i.AAAA***************):***** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** UAL DEPMTNENT OA EDUCATION °Mc* of EPoostansf ReamcP and IMINOvOrnoftt EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) O Tms Oocumial Pes bmo PprOdueO as Nximici from IN pima of orgarmahoo onionatog 11 0 Mono. champs NW* DPW, MI1140 tO WIIPIOWS rooroduChort ouobty Pants of v. ** oomoosstatod n DIN door mint CIO o01 nC.Iiir. ly rOOODIMInt OMAN OERI posthoo of whey Correlates of Teaching Willingness Among Teachers of the Mentally Retarded
Zero-Delay and Causal Secure Source Coding

We investigate the combination between causal/zero-delay source coding and information-theoretic secrecy. Two source coding models with secrecy constraints are considered. We start by considering zero-delay perfectly secret lossless transmission of a memoryless source. We derive bounds on the key rate and coding rate needed for perfect zero-delay secrecy. In this setting, we consider two models that differ by the ability of the eavesdropper to parse the bit-stream passing from the encoder to the legitimate decoder into separate messages. We also consider causal source coding with a fidelity criterion and side information at the decoder and the eavesdropper. Unlike the zero-delay setting where variable-length coding is traditionally used but might leak information on the source through the length of the codewords, in this setting, since delay is allowed, block coding is possible. We show that in this setting, a separation of encryption and causal source coding is optimal.
Building Structured Web Community Portals: A Top-Down, Compositional, and Incremental Approach

Structured community portals extract and integrate information from raw Web pages to present a unified view of entities and relationships in the community. In this paper we argue that to build such portals, a top-down, compositional, and incremental approach is a good way to proceed. Compared to current approaches that employ complex monolithic techniques, this approach is easier to develop, understand, debug, and optimize. In this approach, we first select a small set of important community sources. Next, we compose plans that extract and integrate data from these sources, using a set of extraction/integration operators. Executing these plans yields an initial structured portal. We then incrementally expand this portal by monitoring the evolution of current data sources, to detect and add new data sources. We describe our initial solutions to the above steps, and a case study of employing these solutions to build DBLife, a portal for the database community. We found that DBLife could be built quickly and achieve high accuracy using simple extraction/integration operators, and that it can be maintained and expanded with little human effort. The initial solutions together with the case study demonstrate the feasibility and potential of our approach.
Classification of Land Cover Types in TerraSAR-X Images Using Copula and Speckle Statistics

Land cover classification using high resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images requires well-designed features, as well as suitable classification models. This paper addresses a pixel-based land cover classification problem in high resolution SAR images using speckle statistic and image intensity as features, copula function for joint probability modeling, and Bayesian classifier for classification. The performance of these techniques were analyzed and tested on a three-class database collected from TerraSAR-X High Resolution Spotlight Mode (HS), Geocoded Ellipsoid Corrected (GEC) images, over different cities of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany.
UWB SIMO channel measurements and simulations

Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has recently attracted the entire wireless community with its great potential for short-range and high data-rate communications. On the other hand, multiantenna (or multiple-input multiple-output) techniques are considered as an effective way to improve the link reliability and transmission rate. In this paper, both aspects are studied through a complete UWB single-input multiple-output (SIMO) channel sounding campaign. The time-domain channel sounder with its antenna array is firstly detailed. Secondly, measurement results will be used to describe interesting antenna array effects and channel behavior (like correlation results and underlying spatial diversity). Finally, in order to show the utility of spatial diversity in UWB systems, the performance of a SIMO system with a Rake receiver will be presented through bit error rate simulations based on measurement results.
Lessons learnt from collaboratively creating maps on a touch table

While touch tables have improved support for creative, co-located, collaborative tasks, the very act of studying what groups create on such tables (and how) remains non-trivially difficult. We developed an experimental tool to study what map designs would be created by pairs of users collaborating around a touch table, however to paraphrase the German military strategist Helmuth von Moltke: "no experimental tool survives contact with the table". While running our experiments, we made a series of observations around issues with table interaction, and our initial expectations on how the users would be able to interact with the tool. In this paper, we contribute these observations to assist other researchers considering undertaking a similar course of action.
Improvement of multi-user searchable encrypted data scheme

Nowadays, since the amount of information is increasing quickly, data owners have tendency to publish their data to external service provider called Cloud Computing. Using Cloud Computing, users can reduce the burden of data management. However, since the service provider is not fully trusted, there are many challenges in securing the data stored on Cloud: integrity, availability and privacy. In this paper, we focus mainly on the third one, privacy. To ensure privacy of outsourced data, the common solution is to encrypt the data so that the server cannot know the plaintext. The problem is that: how can the authorized users access the encrypted data and how can the server perform its allowed operations for user's request, i.e, searching, modifying, inserting, deleting such encrypted data without knowing the plaintext. To address this problem, researchers have proposed multiuser searchable encrypted data schemes which supports encrypted queries over encrypted data. Especially, C. Dong et al [1] are the newest recent authors proposing a new multi-user searchable encrypted data scheme which does not need to depend on shared key among multiple users and is efficient in key revocation. Unfortunately, C. Dong's scheme cannot thoroughly deal with a dangerous and common attack in Cloud: collusion attack which happens when a certain user colludes with the server to learn the secret information. In this paper, we improve C. Dong's scheme to become a completely secure scheme. Firstly, our scheme can efficiently and thoroughly prevent collusion attack with low overhead by using only one server. Secondly, to satisfy the strictly condition: the server is untrusted, our scheme does not allow the server to keep any secrete information, unlike C. Dong's scheme in which the server keeps a partial secrete information.
A rotor position estimation method in stationary reference frame of high frequency rotating voltage signal injection IPMSM sensorless control

This paper proposes an improved rotor position estimation method in the stationary reference frame for the sensorless control based on the high frequency rotating voltage signal injection in an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM). This method extracts the rotor position related information from voltage and current difference equations and uses the rotating matrix in the stationary reference frame, and then it calculates the rotor position directly by using the envelope through the all pass filter. Unlike the conventional heterodyning demodulation process, the proposed method does not estimate the rotor position error but the rotor position itself. Because this method does not need the band pass filter and low pass filter, it can estimate the accurate rotor position without any problem of the filter. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Evaluation of Urothelial Stretch-Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Novel Human Cell Culture and Porcine in Vivo Ureteral Obstruction Models

Obstruction and stretch induce cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression and prostanoid synthesis in urinary tissues, causing pain, inflammation, hypercontractility, and cell proliferation. Our objective was to characterize acute COX-2 induction during in vivo ureteral obstruction, establish a cell culture model of urothelial stretch-induced COX-2 expression, and evaluate whether mechanotransduction could alter transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of COX-2. We performed laparoscopic unilateral ureteral ligation in pigs and allowed progression for 1, 2, 6, 24, or 48 h. We evaluated COX-2 expression with reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunoblotting. We cultured primary human urothelial cells on stretch plates, applied stretch for up to 48 h, and measured COX-2 expression by RT-PCR and immunoblotting, transcription with run-on assays, and mRNA stability with actinomycin mRNA decay assays. In vivo ureteral obstruction induced COX-2 expression 4-fold within 6 h, maintaining induction for 24 h. In cell culture, stretch induced COX-2 steady-state mRNA and protein within the first 3 h of stretch, maintaining this induction for over 6 h. Three hours of stretch doubled COX-2 transcription relative to unstretched controls and increased COX-2 mRNA half-life 3-fold. This is the first report to characterize in vivo temporal stretch-induced COX-2 expression in the urothelium and establish a primary urothelial cell culture model for the study of stretch-induced COX-2 mechanisms. This is also the first report to identify alterations in steady-state COX-2 mRNA having components of both transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of stretch-regulated COX-2. Future elucidation of COX-2 signaling may identify novel therapeutic targets for treating stretch and distension of urinary tissues.