Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Need for Responsibly Pursuing Work in Juvenile Psychopathy

ABSTRACT The debate surrounding the application of the psychopathy construct to juveniles polarizes mental health professionals and must be considered within the context of (1) larger societal problems of reification and general misuse of mental health diagnoses and (2) more specific problems caused by the “forensic culture. ” In supporting the responsible application of the psychopathy construct to juveniles, I review how (1) psychopathy is fast becoming a reliable and empirically validated assessment for juveniles, already equaling or surpassing more subjective evaluation processes and even other diagnostic categories; (2) the state of the science in culturally competent juvenile psychopathy assessment is positive so far, and in need of immediate empirical attention; (3) concerns about the malleability of psychopathy in juveniles are rooted in problematic assumptions; and (4) the empirical evidence regarding the cost/benefit of stigma versus clinical gain currently supports careful responsible use. I close by offering flexible decision guidelines to assist researchers and clinicians in responsibly pursuing work in juvenile psychopathy.
Nonlocal quantum gravity and the size of the universe

Motivated by the conjecture that the cosmological constant problem is solved by strong quantum effects in the infrared we use the exact flow equation of Quantum Einstein Gravity to determine the renormalization group behavior of a class of nonlocal effective actions. They consist of the Einstein‐Hilbert term and a general nonlinear function Fk(V) of the Euclidean spacetime volume V. For the V + V ln V‐invariant the renormalization group running enormously suppresses the value of the renormalized curvature which results from Planck‐size parameters specified at the Planck scale. One obtains very large, i.e., almost flat universes without finetuning the cosmological constant. A critical infrared fixed point is found where gravity is scale invariant.
Co-infection with Pansensitive and Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

We report a case of a 23-year-old HIV-negative man with multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis that became evident while he was being treated for M. tuberculosis that was sensitive to all first-line drugs. This case should alert clinicians to consider co-infection as a possible cause of recrudescent disease.
Cortico-muscular coupling and motor performance are modulated by 20 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) in Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with pathologically altered oscillatory activity. While synchronized oscillations between 13 and 30 Hz are increased within a cortico-subcortical network, cortico-muscular coupling (CMC) is decreased. The present study aims at investigating the effect of non-invasive transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) on motor symptoms and motor-cortical oscillations in PD. In 10 PD patients and 10 healthy control subjects, static isometric contraction, dynamic fast finger tapping, and diadochokinesia of the more severely affected hand were investigated prior to and shortly after tACS of the contralateral M1 at 10 Hz vs. 20 Hz vs. sham. During isometric contraction, neuromagnetic activity was recorded using magnetoencephalography. 20 Hz tACS attenuated beta band CMC during isometric contraction and amplitude variability during finger tapping in PD patients but not in healthy control subjects. 10 Hz tACS yielded no significant after-effects. The present data suggest that PD is associated with pathophysiological alterations which abet a higher responsiveness toward frequency-specific tACS – possibly due to pathologically altered motor-cortical oscillatory synchronization at frequencies between 13 and 30 Hz.
Soy, isoflavones, and breast cancer risk in Japan.

BACKGROUND Although isoflavones, such as those found in soy, have been shown to inhibit breast cancer in laboratory studies, associations between consumption of isoflavone-containing foods and breast cancer risk have been inconsistent in epidemiologic studies. We evaluated the relationship between isoflavone consumption and breast cancer risk among women in the Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study on Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases (JPHC Study). METHODS In January 1990, 21 852 Japanese female residents (aged 40-59 years) from four public health center areas completed a self-administered questionnaire, which included items about the frequency of soy consumption. Through December 1999 and 209 354 person-years of follow-up, 179 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for breast cancer in relation to consumption of miso soup, soyfoods, and estimated isoflavones. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Consumption of miso soup and isoflavones, but not of soyfoods, was inversely associated with the risk of breast cancer. The associations did not change substantially after adjustment for potential confounders, including reproductive history, family history, smoking, and other dietary factors. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of isoflavone intake, the adjusted RRs for breast cancer for women in the second, third, and highest quartiles were 0.76 (95% CI = 0.47 to 1.2), 0.90 (95% CI = 0.56 to 1.5), and 0.46 (95% CI = 0.25 to 0.84), respectively (P(trend) =. 043). The inverse association was stronger in postmenopausal women (P(trend) =. 006). CONCLUSION In a population-based, prospective cohort study in Japan, frequent miso soup and isoflavone consumption was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer.
Transcriptome and proteomic analyses reveal multiple differences associated with chloroplast development in the spaceflight-induced wheat albino mutant mta

Chloroplast development is an integral part of plant survival and growth, and occurs in parallel with chlorophyll biosynthesis. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying chloroplast development in hexaploid wheat. Here, we obtained a spaceflight-induced wheat albino mutant mta. Chloroplast ultra-structural observation showed that chloroplasts of mta exhibit abnormal morphology and distribution compared to wild type. Photosynthetic pigments content was also significantly decreased in mta. Transcriptome and chloroplast proteome profiling of mta and wild type were done to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and proteins (DEPs), respectively. In total 4,588 DEGs including 1,980 up- and 2,608 down-regulated, and 48 chloroplast DEPs including 15 up- and 33 down-regulated were identified in mta. Classification of DEGs revealed that most were involved in chloroplast development, chlorophyll biosynthesis, or photosynthesis. Besides, transcription factors such as PIF3, GLK and MYB which might participate in those pathways were also identified. The correlation analysis between DEGs and DEPs revealed that the transcript-to-protein in abundance was functioned into photosynthesis and chloroplast relevant groups. Real time qPCR analysis validated that the expression level of genes encoding photosynthetic proteins was significantly decreased in mta. Together, our results suggest that the molecular mechanism for albino leaf color formation in mta is a thoroughly regulated and complicated process. The combined analysis of transcriptome and proteome afford comprehensive information for further research on chloroplast development mechanism in wheat. And spaceflight provides a potential means for mutagenesis in crop breeding.
Traces as a Solution to Pessimism and Modeling Costs in WCET Analysis

WCET analysis models for superscalar out-of-order CPUs generally need to be pessimistic in order to account for a wide range of possible dynamic behavior. CPU hardware modifications could be used to constrain operations to known execution paths called traces, permitting exploitation of instruction level parallelism with guaranteed timing. Previous implementations of traces have used microcode to constrain operations, but other possibilities exist. A new implementation strategy (virtual traces) is introduced here. In this paper the benefits and costs of traces are discussed. Advantages of traces include a reduction in pessimism in WCET analysis, with the need to accurately model CPU internals removed. Disadvantages of traces include a reduction of peak throughput of the CPU, a need for deterministic memory and a potential increase in the complexity of WCET models.
Feasibility of Fiber Bragg Grating and Long-Period Fiber Grating Sensors under Different Environmental Conditions

This paper presents the feasibility of utilizing fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and long-period fiber grating (LPFG) sensors for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of infrastructures using Portland cement concretes and asphalt mixtures for temperature, strain, and liquid-level monitoring. The use of hybrid FBG and LPFG sensors is aimed at utilizing the advantages of two kinds of fiber grating to implement NDE for monitoring strains or displacements, temperatures, and water-levels of infrastructures such as bridges, pavements, or reservoirs for under different environmental conditions. Temperature fluctuation and stability tests were examined using FBG and LPFG sensors bonded on the surface of asphalt and concrete specimens. Random walk coefficient (RWC) and bias stability (BS) were used for the first time to indicate the stability performance of fiber grating sensors. The random walk coefficients of temperature variations between FBG (or LPFG) sensor and a thermocouple were found in the range of −0.7499 °C/ h to −1.3548 °C/ h. In addition, the bias stability for temperature variations, during the fluctuation and stability tests with FBG (or LPFG) sensors were within the range of 0.01 °C/h with a 15–18 h time cluster to 0.09 °C/h with a 3–4 h time cluster. This shows that the performance of FBG or LPFG sensors is comparable with that of conventional high-resolution thermocouple sensors under rugged conditions. The strain measurement for infrastructure materials was conducted using a packaged FBG sensor bonded on the surface of an asphalt specimen under indirect tensile loading conditions. A finite element modeling (FEM) was applied to compare experimental results of indirect tensile FBG strain measurements. For a comparative analysis between experiment and simulation, the FEM numerical results agreed with those from FBG strain measurements. The results of the liquid-level sensing tests show the LPFG-based sensor could discriminate five stationary liquid-levels and exhibits at least 1,050-mm liquid-level measurement capacity. Thus, the hybrid FBG and LPFG sensors reported here could benefit the NDE development and applications for infrastructure health monitoring such as strain, temperature and liquid-level measurements.
An accurate modeling technique for the estimation of the radiation performance of commercial mobile phone with use of the M-CAD data

This paper presents an accurate modeling technique to estimate radiation performance of commercial bar type mobile phone by using the mechanical-CAD data. In particular, important parts of radiation performance such as a LCD module, a PCB, antenna feed area, a FPCB and an EMI sheet are finely considered to model. Simulation results of the radiation efficiency and specific absorption rate (SAR) are compared with the measurement data at GSM/DCS bands to verify the accuracy of the simulation model.
Attributing Cyber Attacks

Abstract Who did it? Attribution is fundamental. Human lives and the security of the state may depend on ascribing agency to an agent. In the context of computer network intrusions, attribution is commonly seen as one of the most intractable technical problems, as either solvable or not solvable, and as dependent mainly on the available forensic evidence. But is it? Is this a productive understanding of attribution? — This article argues that attribution is what states make of it. To show how, we introduce the Q Model: designed to explain, guide, and improve the making of attribution. Matching an offender to an offence is an exercise in minimising uncertainty on three levels: tactically, attribution is an art as well as a science; operationally, attribution is a nuanced process not a black-and-white problem; and strategically, attribution is a function of what is at stake politically. Successful attribution requires a range of skills on all levels, careful management, time, leadership, stress-testing, prudent communication, and recognising limitations and challenges.
Bayesian Quadrature for Ratios

We describe a novel approach to quadrature for ratios of probabilistic integrals, such as are used to compute posterior probabilities. This approach offers performance superior to Monte Carlo methods by exploiting a Bayesian quadrature framework. We improve upon previous Bayesian quadrature techniques by explicitly modelling the nonnegativity of our integrands, and the correlations that exist between them. It offers most where the integrand is multi-modal and expensive to evaluate. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method on data from the Kepler space telescope.
Physical Effects and Motor Responses to Music

This article briefly surveys the literature on experiments relating to the physical effects of listening to music, as well as motor responses to music. The various response parameters discussed include heart rate, respiration, galvanic skin resistance, and muscle tension. Motor response to music is discussed as well. Other aspects considered are methodolgical issues, the comparative responsitivity of musical and nonmusical subjects, and the problem of subjective and objective correspondence of response data. Some cautions and directions for future research are discussed briefly.
Fuzzy Event Correlation Algorithm in Wide Telecommunication Networks

AbstractThis paper presents an eﬃcient clustering algorithm for faults identiﬁcation in largetelecommunication networks. The alarms and faults in telecommunication networks presentsome interesting characteristics like storm and cascade of events. For instance, a single faultmay result in a large number of alarms, and it is often very diﬃcult to isolate the true causeof a fault. Our algorithm is especially designed for the event correlation problem taking intoaccount comprehensive information about the system behaviour. Our technique is tested andcompared with some available clustering algorithms on some samples from both simulatedand real data from Ericsson’s network. 1 Introduction Telecommunication networksaregrowing insizeandcomplexity ataveryrapidrate, andthereforetheir management is becoming more and more complicated. Each network element can produce alarge amount of alarms when a fault occurs. More precisely, when a fault occurs, network devices orcomponents can send messages (alarms) to describe the problem that has been detected. Butthey only have a local view of the fault, and therefore cannot describe the fault, but just itsvisible consequences. Moreover, these alarms are very diﬀerent due to various types of networkcomponents involved (such as new equipments, software updates, etc.). The telecommunicationnetwork management system is responsible for recording the alarms generated by the network nodesor components and presents them to the operator. However, in large systems, dueto the large volumeand the fragmented nature of the information contained within these alarms, it is not always possibleto locate and solve the faults within a reasonable time. In addition, due to the complex nature ofthese networks, a single fault may produce a cascade of alarms from the aﬀected network elementsand also, a fault can trigger other faults, for instance in the case of overloading. Even thoughfailures in large communication networks are unavoidable, quick detection, identiﬁcation of causesand resolution can make systems more robust, more reliable, and can ultimately increase the levelof conﬁdence in the services that they provide [1]. Alarm correlation is a key issue in a network management system as it is used to determinethe faults’ origin, and to ﬁlter out redundant and spurious events. The alarm correlation systemsgenerally combine causal and temporal correlation models with the network topology. The eﬃciencyandrobustnessofthemodelsusedandthealgorithms developedvaryfromsystemtosystembutnoneof them have yet succeeded to provide a good solution to this problem [2]. In general, data miningtechniques are well adapted for analysing collections of data and extracting hidden information.However, the complex nature of the data generated by a wide telecommunication network and thelack of real information contained in an alarm, make unsuitable most of the existing techniques [3].
Design of Analytical Model and Algorithm for Optimal Roadside AP Placement in VANETs

The emerging vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) enables vehicles to access the Internet through roadside access points (APs). An important issue in system deployment is determining how many roadside APs shall be installed on a road. However, the existing works fail to provide rigorous and accurate analysis for VANETs. In this paper, we propose a general structure for Internet access in VANETs. It allows both real-time traffic and delay-tolerant traffic to be delivered to users in the most efficient ways. An analytical model is also proposed to analyze the system performance with random arrival of the vehicles. We finally develop an AP placement algorithm based on theoretical results derived from the model to deploy the minimal number of roadside APs with quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees. The simulation results have demonstrated the accuracy of the proposed analytical model and the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Asymmetries in language use reveal asymmetries in the grammar

According to the classical view, the nature of the grammar is independent of its use. A puzzle for this view is the observation that in language acquisition production sometimes precedes comprehension. Children who use subject-object status to determine word order in production not necessarily use word order to determine subject-object status in comprehension. On the basis of results from first language acquisition as well as adult sentence processing, we show that the role of grammar in production can be different from the role of the same grammar in comprehension.
Development and Validation of an In Vivo Candida albicans Biofilm Denture Model

ABSTRACT The most common form of oral candidiasis, denture-associated stomatitis, involves biofilm growth on an oral prosthetic surface. Cells in this unique environment are equipped to withstand host defenses and survive antifungal therapy. Studies of the biofilm process on dentures have primarily been limited to in vitro models. We developed a rodent acrylic denture model and characterized the Candida albicans and mixed oral bacterial flora biofilm formation, architecture, and drug resistance in vivo, using time course quantitative culture experiments, confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and antifungal susceptibility assays. We also examined the utility of the model for measurement of C. albicans gene expression and tested the impact of a specific gene product (Bcr1p) on biofilm formation. Finally, we assessed the mucosal host response to the denture biofilm and found the mucosal histopathology to be consistent with that of acute human denture stomatitis, demonstrating fungal invasion and neutrophil infiltration. This current oral denture model mimics human denture stomatitis and should be useful for testing the impact of gene disruption on biofilm formation, studying the impact of anti-infectives, examining the biology of mixed Candida-oral bacterial flora biofilm infections, and characterizing the host immunologic response to this disease process.
Application of Three-Dimensional Imaging to the Intestinal Crypt Organoids and Biopsied Intestinal Tissues

Two-dimensional (2D) histopathology is the standard analytical method for intestinal biopsied tissues; however, the role of 3-dimensional (3D) imaging system in the analysis of the intestinal tissues is unclear. The 3D structure of the crypt organoids from the intestinal stem cell culture and intestinal tissues from the donors and recipients after intestinal transplantation was observed using a 3D imaging system and compared with 2D histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The crypt organoids and intestinal tissues showed well-defined 3D structures. The 3D images of the intestinal tissues with acute rejection revealed absence of villi and few crypts, which were consistent with the histopathological features. In the intestinal transplant for megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome, the donor's intestinal tissues had well-developed nerve networks and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) in the muscle layer, while the recipient's intestinal tissues had distorted nerve network and the ICCs were few and sparsely distributed, relative to those of the donor. The 3D images showed a clear spatial relationship between the microstructures of the small bowel and the features of graft rejection. In conclusion, integration of the 3D imaging and 2D histopathology provided a global view of the intestinal tissues from the transplant patients.
Small-group learning in undergraduate STEM disciplines: effect of group type on student achievement

Small-group learning in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines has been widely studied, and it is clear that this method offers many benefits to students. Less attention has been paid to the ways in which small learning groups differ from one another, and how these differences may affect student learning and experiential outcomes. This study uses a previously validated instrument to categorize, or type, small peer-led STEM learning groups, and then to investigate the impact of group characteristics on student outcomes. Six hundred and forty-six students were observed over 2 academic quarters. During the fall quarter, no relationship was found between group type and student course grade. During the winter quarter, statistically significant differences in student grade were found among group types. We posit that group type may not make a difference in grade early in the year because the groups are not yet functioning optimally, so that group “noise”, such as facilitator inexperience or student discomfort, may drown out the effects of group type on student performance.