Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Spatial Analysis of Obesity in West Virginia

A spatial panel data analysis at the county level examines how individual food consumption, recreational, and lifestyle choices ? against a backdrop of changing demographic, built environment, and policy factors ? leads to obesity. Results suggest that obesity tends to be spatially autocorrelated; in addition to hereditary factors and lifestyle choices, it is also caused by sprawl and lack of land use planning. Policy measures which stimulate educational attainment, poverty alleviation, and promotion of better land use planning and best consumption practices (BCPs) could both reduce obesity and result in sustainable development of regions where obesity is prevalent and the economy is lagging.
The Effects of Physical Activity on Health-Related Quality of Life Among Working Mothers Living in Amman: A Correlational Study [LETTER]

We have read a paper by A. Aqab et al on The Effects of Physical Activity on Health-Related Quality of Life Among Working Mothers Living in Amman: A Correlational Study. 1 This study provides information about the association between the level of physical activity and quality of life domains, such as physical health, social relationships, environmental and psychological health. One of the key findings from this study was that there was a positive relationship between physical activity and overall quality of life and its domains. Meanwhile, there were no statistically significant differences found in the social domain. Another point has been made from this observation. This study reported that adherence to physical activity was a significant positive predictor of quality of life. 1 Based on the findings of this research, the sample group used in the study was quite similar in terms of their marital and educational status. A significant majority of the participants, roughly 89.3%, were married, while 73.2% had obtained a bachelor’s degree. However, this may not provide a complete representation of the general population. 1 It’s important to identify other possible factors that could contribute to women’s lack of physical activity. A previous study found that women going through menopause tend to experience decreased physical activity. 2 As women go through menopause, their estrogen levels decrease, which could contribute to their tendency to be less physically active. This can lead to various physical and emotional issues, including fatigue, mood swings, weight gain, sleep disruptions, heart palpitations, and sexual
Preparation of Fibrinogen-Depleted Human Platelet Lysate to Support Heparin-Free Expansion of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Simple Summary The use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) in the manufacturing and production of therapeutic products is discouraged by the regulatory authorities due to the risk of zoonoses and xenogeneic immune reactions. Human platelet lysate (hPL) is suggested as an alternative to FBS for in vitro cell expansion in accordance with good manufacturing practice (GMP) regulations. Since hPL contains a lot of fibrinogen and other coagulation factors, heparin is commonly added to prevent gel formation. However, heparin is typically derived from animals, and despite following the recommended maximum dose, gel and precipitate formation can still occur during storage and cell culture. Thus, an alternative preparation method is proposed in this study to prepare fibrinogen-depleted hPL (Fd-hPL) that supports heparin-free expansion of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs). The findings revealed that Fd-hPL supported the in vitro expansion of UC-MSCs without compromising their growth and characteristics. Therefore, it has the potential to be used as a substitute for FBS for in the vitro culture of MSCs without introducing xenogeneic components. However, further research is necessary to fully understand the functionality and therapeutic potential of these expanded cells. Abstract Human platelet lysate (hPL) has high levels of fibrinogen and coagulation factors, which can lead to gel and precipitate formation during storage and cell culture. Heparin derived from animals is commonly added to minimize these risks, but cannot completely eliminate them. Thus, this study proposes an alternative method to prepare fibrinogen-depleted hPL (Fd-hPL) that supports heparin-free expansion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). hPL was added to heparin to prepare heparin-hPL (H-hPL), whilst Fd-hPL was prepared by adding calcium salt to hPL to remove the fibrin clot. The concentrations of calcium, fibrinogen, and growth factors in H-hPL and Fd-hPL were compared. The effects of H-hPL and Fd-hPL on umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) were assessed. The results showed that Fd-hPL possessed a significantly higher calcium concentration and a lower fibrinogen level than H-hPL. The concentrations of BDNF, TGF-β1, and PDGF-BB showed no significant difference between H-hPL and Fd-hPL, but Fd-hPL had a lower VEGF concentration. Fd-hPL retained the characteristics of UC-MSCs, as it did not affect the cell viability, proliferation, multilineage differentiation potential, or surface marker expression. In conclusion, Fd-hPL effectively supported the in vitro expansion of MSCs without compromising their characteristics, positioning it as a potential substitute for FBS in MSC culture.
Climate extremes during recent millennia and their impact on Mediterranean societies.

1 Oeschger Centre, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 2 Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 3 EEWRC, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus 4 University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK 5 Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain 6 University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA 7 NOAA/ESRL/CIRES, Boulder, USA 8 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD, San Diego, USA 9 National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece 10 Cornell University, Ithaca, USA 11 Institute of Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 12 LDEO, USA and MeteoFrance, France
Are there “day-of-the-week” and “holiday” anomalies in the mexican stock market?

This research examines the presence of the Day-of-the-Week (DOW) and Holiday Effect (HE) anomalies on the Mexican Stock Exchange’s (MSE) Índice de Precios y Cotizaciones -Price and Quotation Index-(IPC), as well as on the Large, Medium and Small Capitalization subindices of the same market. The empirical estimation was performed with GARCH family models. We found that the DOW effect was consistently present in both the returns and volatility of the IPC and the three subindices. The Holiday Effect was also present in the volatility of the four series; however, this effect was only detected for the Medium Capitalization subindex’s returns series
Be Careful When Using Peer-Influence on Nudging Solicitation: Evidence of Potential Negative Effect from a Sample of Chinese University Students

Purpose Peer information is now commonly used in solicitation. However, scholars have long focused on testing its effectiveness on increasing the donation amount without paying attention to its potential negative effects on donors. Thus, the current study employs high vs low peer donation amount (HPDA vs LPDA) information to explore its effect on “how-much-to-donate” decisions and the corresponding neural and psychological reactions at the same time. Participants and Methods Student samples from a Chinese university and behavioral experiments with the event-related potential (ERP) method were used in this study. Results The behavioral results are consistent with previous research in which HPDA was positively associated with higher donation levels. ERP results show the mechanisms behind decision-making can be summarized into a cognitive approach represented by cost-benefit analysis and an affective approach represented by reward perception. More surprisingly, in contrast to the behavioral results, LPDA elicits higher level of reward perception than HPDA. Conclusion The results indicate that although HPDA leads to higher levels of donation, donors do not show higher levels of reward anticipation at the neurological level, indicating the increment of donation may come at the cost of donors. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.
On the Use of ICT by Enterprises to Activate Industrial Heritage: A Case Study of Taoxichuan in China

Despite the increasing use of information and communications technology (ICT) by enterprises engaged in industrial heritage, the academic community lacks sufficient understanding of how ICT enables the sustainable development of industrial heritage. This article fills this gap by analyzing the application of ICT by Taoxichuan Ceramic Art Avenue (the Company) to promote its organizational innovation and achieve the sustainable development of industrial heritage. To start with, the authors conceptualized the two stages, adaptive change, and breakthrough change, of ICT-induced organizational changes in industrial heritage. Secondly, they extended the research of affordance from the technical field to the social theory field and proposed the concept of organizational affordance. Finally, the authors provided suggestions for future research to employ organizational affordance to deepen our understanding of relevant fields.
ESTIMATING ROBUSTNESS OF DEEP LEARNING MODELS BY THREE ADVERSARIAL ATTACKS

Học sâu hiện đang là lĩnh vực được quan tâm nghiên cứu và phát triển bởi các nhà khoa học trên thế giới. Các mô hình học sâu được triển khai và ứng dụng nhiều trong thực tiễn phục vụ công việc và đời sống xã hội. Tuy nhiên học sâu lại tiềm tàng nhiều rủi ro có liên quan đến an toàn trong các ứng dụng, đặc biệt gần đây các cuộc tấn công sử dụng mẫu đối kháng đang là thách thức lớn đối với học sâu nói riêng và học máy nói chung. Để kiểm tra được độ mạnh mẽ của mô hình học máy, chúng tôi đề xuất sử dụng ba cuộc tấn công đối kháng để tính toán điểm chuẩn, các phương pháp tấn công thực nghiệm trên bộ dữ liệu MS-COCO đang được dùng để huấn luyện và kiểm tra đối với mô hình YOLO. Bài báo thống kê kết quả tỉ lệ tấn công thành công bằng các chỉ số đề xuất theo nghiên cứu thông qua quá trình thực nghiệm do nhóm tác giả thực hiện để kiểm chứng độ mạnh mẽ của mô hình học sâu nói chung. Các thực nghiệm toàn diện trong nghiên cứu được thực nghiệm trên mô hình YOLOv7 để kiểm tra và đánh giá độ mạnh mẽ của mô hình YOLOv7, đây cũng là mô hình học sâu đang được sử dụng phổ biến và được đánh giá là tiên tiến hiện nay.
C-NODDI: a constrained NODDI model for axonal density and orientation determinations in cerebral white matter

Purpose Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) provides measures of neurite density and dispersion through computation of the neurite density index (NDI) and the orientation dispersion index (ODI). However, NODDI overestimates the cerebrospinal fluid water fraction in white matter (WM) and provides physiologically unrealistic high NDI values. Furthermore, derived NDI values are echo-time (TE)-dependent. In this work, we propose a modification of NODDI, named constrained NODDI (C-NODDI), for NDI and ODI mapping in WM. Methods Using NODDI and C-NODDI, we investigated age-related alterations in WM in a cohort of 58 cognitively unimpaired adults. Further, NDI values derived using NODDI or C-NODDI were correlated with the neurofilament light chain (NfL) concentration levels, a plasma biomarker of axonal degeneration. Finally, we investigated the TE dependence of NODDI or C-NODDI derived NDI and ODI. Results ODI derived values using both approaches were virtually identical, exhibiting constant trends with age. Further, our results indicated a quadratic relationship between NDI and age suggesting that axonal maturation continues until middle age followed by a decrease. This quadratic association was notably significant in several WM regions using C-NODDI, while limited to a few regions using NODDI. Further, C-NODDI-NDI values exhibited a stronger correlation with NfL concentration levels as compared to NODDI-NDI, with lower NDI values corresponding to higher levels of NfL. Finally, we confirmed the previous finding that NDI estimation using NODDI was dependent on TE, while NDI derived values using C-NODDI exhibited lower sensitivity to TE in WM. Conclusion C-NODDI provides a complementary method to NODDI for determination of NDI in white matter.
Glutamatergic neurometabolite levels in the caudate are associated with the ability of rhythm production

Introduction Glutamatergic neurometabolites play important roles in the basal ganglia, a hub of the brain networks involved in musical rhythm processing. We aimed to investigate the relationship between rhythm processing abilities and glutamatergic neurometabolites in the caudate. Methods We aquired Glutamatergic function in healthy individuals employing proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We targeted the right caudate and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) as a control region. Rhythm processing ability was assessed by the Harvard Beat Assessment Test (H-BAT). Results We found negative correlations between the production part of the Beat Saliency Test in the H-BAT and glutamate and glutamine levels in the caudate (r = −0.693, p = 0.002) whereas there was no such association in the dACC. Conclusion These results suggest that higher glutamatergic neurometabolite levels in the caudate may contribute to rhythm processing, especially the ability to produce meter in music precisely.
Book review. The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology. Eds. P. Corr & G. Matthews. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020

Research in personality psychology is making important contributions to psychological science and applied psychology. This second edition of The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology offers a one-stop resource for scientific personality psychologists. It summarizes cutting-edge personality research in all its forms, including genetics, psychometrics, social-cognitive psychology, and real-world expressions, with informative and lively chapters. The team of renowned international authors, led by two esteemed editors, ensures quality and a wide range of theoretical perspectives that characterise the whole field of personality psychology. Each area is discussed in terms of scientific foundations, main theories and findings, and future directions for research. The handbook features advances in technology, such as molecular genetics and functional neuroimaging, as well as contemporary statistical approaches. An invaluable aid to understanding the central role played by personality in psychology, it will appeal to students, researchers, and practitioners in psychology, behavioral science/neuroscience and the social sciences more broadly.
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 is a therapeutic vulnerability in multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a devastating plasma cell malignancy characterized by the expansion of aberrant monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, leading to severe clinical manifestations and poor prognosis, particularly in relapsed/refractory cases. Identifying novel therapeutic targets is crucial to improve treatment outcomes in these patients. In this study, we investigated the role of the protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) in MM pathogenesis and explored its potential as a therapeutic target. We observed that PRMT1, responsible for most asymmetric di-methylation in cells, exhibited the highest expression among PRMT family members in MM cell lines and primary MM cells. Importantly, PRMT1 expression was significantly elevated in relapsed/refractory patients compared to newly diagnosed patients. High expression of PRMT1 expression was strongly associated with poor prognosis. We found that genetic or enzymatic inhibition of PRMT1 impaired MM cell growth, induced cell cycle arrest, and triggered cell death. Treatment with MS023, a potent PRMT type I inhibitor, demonstrated a robust inhibitory effect on the viability of primary cells isolated from newly diagnosed and proteasome inhibitor-relapsed/refractory patients in a dose-dependent manner. Suppression of PRMT1 downregulated genes related to cell division and upregulated genes associated with apoptosis pathway. We also found that genes related to immune response and lymphocyte activation were significantly upregulated in PRMT1-suppressed cells. Notably, the activation status of T cells was strikingly enhanced upon co-culturing with PRMT1-KO MM cells. In vivo studies using a xenograft model revealed that targeting PRMT1 by either CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout or MS023 treatment significantly attenuated MM tumor growth and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Histological analysis further confirmed increased apoptotic cell death in MS023-treated tumors. Collectively, our findings establish PRMT1 as an indispensable and novel therapeutic vulnerability in MM. The elevated expression of PRMT1 in relapsed/refractory patients underscores its potential as a target for overcoming treatment resistance. Moreover, our results highlight the efficacy of MS023 as a promising therapeutic agent against MM, offering new avenues for therapeutic approaches in relapsed/refractory MM.
The Influence of Social Media and Institutional Trust on Vaccine Hesitancy in France: Examining Direct and Mediating Processes

Vaccine hesitancy (VH) remains an ongoing challenge in French society. This project explored how institutional trust and preference for information via social media (PISM) drive hesitancy. Across a large, nationally represented population, our findings show that PISM and trust are strongly correlated measures, with both independently predicting VH. Subsequent mediation tests show that social media operates as primarily an indirect contributor to VH through trust. Additional tests involving VH and non-VH typologies revealed that institutional trust consistently predicts greater general support for vaccines and reduced distrust in vaccination. Conversely, PISM directly drives vaccine distrust, with its impact on non-hesitancy fully mediated by institutional trust. Overall, these findings point to the relevance for researchers and public health deciders to address the nature by which people utilize social media information resources and how that interacts with levels of trust for national institutions.
Differential Magnitude of Resilience between Emotional Intelligence and Life Satisfaction in Mountain Sports Athletes

The field of mountain sports has its own characteristics, different from other sports modalities. Emotional intelligence and resilience not only refer to the adaptive capacity that can be developed after an adverse experience, but can also be factors that positively affect sporting performance in extreme conditions. In this study, 4818 athletes from the Spanish Federation of Mountain Sports and Climbing participated; 2696 were men (67.1%) and 1322 were women (32.9%), with a mean age of 49.42 years (±11.9). The Resilience Scale (RS-14), Wong Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS-S) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used. The aim was to provide evidence for the potential for resilience (personal competence and acceptance of self and life) among EI and life satisfaction in mountain and climbing athletes. The results showed that the coefficients of determination of personal competence [(Q2 = 0.286); (R2 = 0.578)], acceptance of self [(Q2 = 0.310); (R2 = 0.554)] and life satisfaction [(Q2 = 0.299); (R2 = 0.421)] for the estimation of the measurement model indicated a good model fit. In the future, it would be necessary to carry out specific studies discriminating by sport modality and methods for this area, with a large number of athletes and disciplines, as well as evaluating its possible applications for the improvement of emotional factors.
Impact of aperture thickness on a Fraunhofer diffraction pattern

In this paper, we investigate in detail the effect of increasing aperture thickness on a Fraunhofer diffraction pattern. The scalar diffraction theory is employed to derive the solution of the far-field amplitude for a single-slit and a circular aperture in both normal and oblique incidents. Our results show that increasing the aperture thickness indisputably modifies the diffraction pattern, mainly for the wide apertures. It is proven that the maximum value of the diffracted field amplitude decreases for the non-zero values of the aperture thickness, resulting in the reduction of the fringe visibility. This study reveals that in the case of the single-guided-mode operation, the diffraction pattern is independent of the incident beam direction, and is the same for an aperture thickness larger than the attenuation length of the first evanescent mode. On the contrary, it is observed that the diffraction pattern of a wide aperture at the oblique incidence is entirely different from the popular laterally shifted normal incident diffraction profile. Therefore, we conclude that it is impossible to carefully examine the diffraction phenomena, without considering the effect of the aperture thickness.
GLUT5: structure, functions, diseases and potential applications

Glucose transporter 5 (GLUT5) is a membrane transporter that specifically transports fructose and plays a key role in dietary fructose uptake and metabolism. In recent years, a high fructose diet has occupied an important position in the daily intake of human beings, resulting in a significant increase in the incidence of obesity and metabolic diseases worldwide. Over the past few decades, GLUT5 has been well understood to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of human digestive diseases. Recently, the role of GLUT5 in human cancer has received widespread attention, and a large number of studies have focused on exploring the effects of changes in GLUT5 expression levels on cancer cell survival, metabolism and metastasis. However, due to various difficulties and shortcomings, the molecular structure and mechanism of GLUT5 have not been fully elucidated, which to some extent prevents us from revealing the relationship between GLUT5 expression and cell carcinogenesis at the protein molecular level. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the structure and function of mammalian GLUT5 and its relationship to intestinal diseases and cancer and suggest that GLUT5 may be an important target for cancer therapy.
The Relationship Between Sociodemographic Variables, Benefits Sought and Subsequent Vacation Behavior: A Case Study

This article reports an empirical test of the relationship between sociodemographic variables, benefits sought and subsequent vacation behavior. Thedatawereobtainedusing a questionnaire administered to consumers who requested the 1984 North Carolina Travel Information Packet. The results of the study supported two notions: that a relationship does exist between some sociodemographic variables and the benefits vacation travelers seek and that the benefits sought are in turn related to certain travel behaviors. The findings can be used in developing various segmentation strategies.