Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding Web Applications Using Component Based Visual Patterns

This paper introduces our approach for high-level system understanding that uses software visualization to analyze the presentation layer of Web applications. The technique is driven by static analysis, relies on state-of-the art concepts, and is technology-aware, so that it focuses on those precise particularities of the application's presentation layer that define its Web presence. By combining an approach initially developed for software testing with visualization, the essential structural dependencies between and within the Web components are extracted and reviewed. Initial evaluation shows that the technique is able to provide a comprehensive view that is very useful in spotting new and interesting visual patterns that give significant insight for software comprehension.
Improving Nearest Neighbor Classifier Using Tabu Search and Ensemble Distance Metrics

The nearest-neighbor (NN) classifier has long been used in pattern recognition, exploratory data analysis, and data mining problems. A vital consideration in obtaining good results with this technique is the choice of distance function, and correspondingly which features to consider when computing distances between samples. In this paper, a new ensemble technique is proposed to improve the performance of NN classifier. The proposed approach combines multiple NN classifiers, where each classifier uses a different distance function and potentially a different set of features (feature vector). These feature vectors are determined for each distance metric using Simple Voting Scheme incorporated in Tabu Search (TS). The proposed ensemble classifier with different distance metrics and different feature vectors (TS-DF/NN) is evaluated using various benchmark data sets from UCI Machine Learning Repository. Results have indicated a significant increase in the performance when compared with various well-known classifiers. Furthermore, the proposed ensemble method is also compared with ensemble classifier using different distance metrics but with same feature vector (with or without Feature Selection (FS)).
Application of Data Mining Techniques to Efficiently Monitor Chronic Diseases Using Wireless Body Area Networks and Smartphones

This paper presents a wireless body area network platform performing daily physical activity recognition using accelerometers, biosignals and smartphones. Various classifiers have been evaluated to identify the one with the best recognition results. Functional Trees classifier provided the best performance and was used in the real time activity recognition that executed on the smartphone. Geo-location provided by the GPS receiver of the smartphone used to retrieve location based environmental data and Points of Interest via the web. Activity recognition results and environmental data were stored in a database and a cloud-hosted application performed Emerging Patterns search through the data to predict future conditions. The described framework has application in the prevention of short-term complications of metabolic diseases such as diabetes or environmental conditions related diseases such as Chronic Obtrusive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
Duality in 2D Spin Models on Torus

Method of derivation of the duality relations for two-dimensional Z(N)-symmetric spin models on finite square lattice wrapped on the torus is proposed. As example, exact duality relations for the nonhomogeneous Ising model (N=2) and the Z(N)-Berezinsky-Villain model are obtained.
De Subitaneis Mortibus. XXI. Adult onset syncope. with comments on the nature of congenital heart block and the morphogenesis of the human atrioventricular septal junction.

SUMMARY A black male nurse first began having syncope at the age of 30 years and when heart block was documented, a permanent electronic pacemaker was inserted. He died nine days later of a massive pulmonary embolus. There was a family history of sudden death. Special examination of this patient's heart demonstrated the following anatomical findings in the cardiac conduction system: (1) There was such diffuse fibrosis in the midportion of the His bundle that only a few tenuous connecting strands of fibers remained; the local blood supply appeared adequate. (2) The atrioventricular (A-V) node was located centrally in the interatrial septum, rather than under the right atrial endocardium as is normal, and was poorly formed with several separated fragmentary components. (3) The central fibrous body con-DEATH
Service Differentiation in Wireless Networks: Adaptive Ad Hoc Qs Versus IEEE 802.11e

IEEE 802.11e standard was proposed to provide quality of service (QoS) support in wireless local area networks (WLANs). Currently, the number of WLAN cards which support this standard is limited and on the other hand many users already have WLAN cards. We proposed a MAC-independent service differentiation mechanism which is called ad hoc Qs. Furthermore, we enhanced its operations by making it adaptive to the number of active stations and the requested service. In this paper, we compare the performance of 802.11e and adaptive ad hoc Qs in terms of service differentiation in wireless networks. The simulation results show that the adaptive ad hoc Qs surpasses 802.11e in some features: Firstly, adaptive ad hoc Qs is implemented just by software upgrade in contrast to IEEE 802.11e which needs hardware upgrade. Secondly, By increasing the amount of High priority traffics, the low priority traffics will suffer from starvation when 802.11e standard is used for service differentiation. Adaptive ad hoc Qs protects the Low priority traffics from starvation while the amount of High priority traffics is increasing. In addition, adaptive ad hoc Qs provides higher channel utilization in multi-hop wireless ad-hoc network compare to 802.11e.
Genome-wide analysis of histone modifications in latently HIV-1 infected T cells

Objectives:The transcriptional silencing of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) provirus in latently infected cells is a major hurdle on the pathway to HIV-1 elimination. The epigenetic mechanisms established by histone modifications may affect the transcriptional silencing of HIV-1 and viral latency. A systematic epigenome profiling could be applicable to develop new epigenetic diagnostic markers for detecting HIV-1 latency. Design:The HIV-1 latency cell lines (NCHA1, NCHA2 and ACH2] were compared with CD4+ T-cell line (A3.01). Methods:The histone modification profiles obtained from chromatin immunoprecipiation followed by sequencing (ChIP-Seq) for histone H3K4me3 and H3K9ac were systematically examined and differential gene expression patterns along with levels of histone modifications were used for network analysis. Results:The HIV-1 latency gave rise to downregulation of histone H3K4me3 and H3K9ac levels in 387 and 493 regions and upregulation in 451 and 962 sites, respectively. By network analysis, five gene clusters were associated with downregulated histone modifications and six gene clusters came up with upregulated histone modifications. Integration of gene expression with epigenetic information revealed that the cell cycle regulatory genes such as CDKN1A (p21) and cyclin D2 (CCND2) identified by differentially modified histones might play an important role in maintaining the HIV-1 latency. Conclusion:The transcriptional regulation by epigenetic memory should play a key role in the evolution and maintenance of HIV-1 latency accompanied by modulation of signalling molecules in the host cells.
The actions of relaxin on the human cardiovascular system

The insulin‐like peptide relaxin, originally identified as a hormone of pregnancy, is now known to exert a range of pleiotropic effects including vasodilatory, anti‐fibrotic, angiogenic, anti‐apoptotic and anti‐inflammatory effects in both males and females. Relaxin produces these effects by binding to a cognate receptor RXFP1 and activating a variety of signalling pathways including cAMP, cGMP and MAPKs as well as by altering gene expression of TGF‐β, MMPs, angiogenic growth factors and endothelin receptors. The peptide has been shown to be effective in halting or reversing many of the adverse effects including fibrosis in animal models of cardiovascular disease including ischaemia/reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, hypertensive heart disease and cardiomyopathy. Relaxin given to humans is safe and produces favourable haemodynamic changes. Serelaxin, the recombinant form of relaxin, is now in extended phase III clinical trials for the treatment of acute heart failure. Previous clinical studies indicated that a 48 h infusion of relaxin improved 180 day mortality, yet the mechanism underlying this effect is not clear. This article provides an overview of the cellular mechanism of effects of relaxin and summarizes its beneficial actions in animal models and in the clinic. We also hypothesize potential mechanisms for the clinical efficacy of relaxin, identify current knowledge gaps and suggest new ways in which relaxin could be useful therapeutically.
Woody Biomass Substitution for Thermal Energy at Softwood Lumber Mills in the US Inland Northwest

Abstract Using life-cycle inventory production data, the net global warming potential (GWP) of a typical inland Northwest softwood lumber mill was evaluated for a variety of fuel types used as boiler inputs and for electricity generation. Results focused on reductions in carbon emissions in terms of GWP relative to natural gas as the fossil alternative. Woody feedstocks included mill residues, forest residuals, and wood pellets. In all fuel-substitution scenarios, increasing the use of biomass for heat generation decreased GWP. Using woody biofuels for electricity production is somewhat less effective in lowering carbon emissions than when used for heat energy. Heat generation at the mill under the current practice of using about half self-generated mill residues and half natural gas resulted in a 35 percent reduction in GWP over 100 percent natural gas. The greatest reduction in GWP (66%) was from increased use of forest residuals for heat energy, eliminating the use of fossil fuels as a direct heating f.
Environmental Research and Public Health 2,4,6-tribromophenol Interferes with the Thyroid Hormone System by Regulating Thyroid Hormones and the Responsible Genes in Mice

2,4,6-Tribromophenol (TBP) is a brominated flame retardant (BFR). Based on its affinity for transthyretin, TBP could compete with endogenous thyroid hormone. In this study, the effects of TBP on the thyroid hormone system were assessed in mice. Briefly, animals were exposed to 40 and 250 mg/kg TBP. Thyroid hormones were also administered with or without TBP. When mice were treated with TBP, deiodinase 1 (Dio1) and thyroid hormone receptor β isoform 2 (Thrβ2) decreased in the pituitary gland. The levels of deiodinase 2 (Dio2) and growth hormone (Gh) mRNA increased in response to 250 mg/kg of TBP, and the relative mRNA level of thyroid stimulating hormone β (Tshβ) increased in the pituitary gland. Dio1 and Thrβ1 expression in the liver were not altered, while Dio1 decreased in response to co-treatment with thyroid hormones. The thyroid gland activity decreased in response to TBP, as did the levels of free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine in serum. Taken together, these findings indicate that TBP can disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis and the presence of TBP influenced thyroid actions as regulators of gene expression. These data suggest that TBP interferes with thyroid hormone systems
An Exploratory Study on the Evolution of C Programming in the Unix Operating System

Context: Numerous factors drive long term progress in programming practices. Goal: We study the evolution of C programming in the Unix operating system. Method: We extract, aggregate, and synthesize metrics from 66 snapshots obtained from an artificial software configuration management repository tracking the evolution of the Unix operating system over four decades. Results: C language programming practices appear to evolve over long term periods; our study identified some continuous trends with highly significant coefficients of determination. Many trends point toward increasing code quality through adherence to numerous programming guidelines, while some others indicate adoption that has reached maturity. In the area of commenting progress appears to have stalled. Conclusions: Studying the long term evolution of programming practices identifies areas where progress has been achieved along an expected path, as well as cases where there is room for improvement.
Homework: putting interaction into the infrastructure

This paper presents a user driven redesign of the domestic network infrastructure that draws upon a series of ethnographic studies of home networks. We present an infrastructure based around a purpose built access point that has modified the handling of protocols and services to reflect the interactive needs of the home. The developed infrastructure offers a novel measurement framework that allows a broad range of infrastructure information to be easily captured and made available to interactive applications. This is complemented by a diverse set of novel interactive control mechanisms and interfaces for the underlying infrastructure. We also briefly reflect on the technical and user issues arising from deployments.
The pattern of dialogue in compliance seeking situations when conflict is possible:A preliminary study involving adolescents and adults

Abstract Patterns of communication are commonly referred to in the language and communication literature particularly with adult samples. In this research 50 female and 30 male adolescents and adults participated in in-depth, structured interviews about their patterns of communication. Research typically defines such patterns in reference to the dominant style of the individual or group. Implied in the attribution of a dominant style is the idea that dominance is associated with recurrence. The recurrent patterns of communication have not been investigated in relation to the focus of the communication and the sex of the respondent. In the present research respondents were interviewed about the iterative process involved in their communication with other adolescents and adults. It was expected that a recurrent, sequential pattern of the focus of communication factors would emerge. Six naturally emerging factors emerged from the data, the most frequent being on task, conceding and succeeding. These categories were used in an ordered manner at various times in the dialogues described. Findings also showed patterned similarities and differences in the communication of males and females when they were communicating with adolescents and adults. Importantly, the interview format of this research provided insight into the use of confusion as a strategy in communication.
The Volumetric Barrier for Semideenite Programming

We consider the volumetric barrier for semideenite programming, or \generalized" volumetric barrier, as introduced by Nesterov and Nemirovskii. We extend several fundamental properties of the volumetric barrier for a polyhedral set to the semideenite case. Our analysis facilitates a simpliied proof of self-concordance for the semideenite volu-metric barrier, as well as for the combined volumetric-logarithmic barrier for semideenite programming. For both of these barriers we obtain self-concordance parameters equal to those previously shown to hold in the polyhedral case.
A Theory of Heuristic Reasoning About Uncertainty

This article describes a theory of reasoning about uncertainly, based on a representation of states of certainly called endorsements. The theory of endorsements is an alternative to numerical methods for reasoning about uncertainly, such as subjective Bayesian methods (Shortliffe and Buchanan, 1975; Duda hart, and Nilsson, 1976) and Shafer-dempster theory (Shafer, 1976). The fundamental concern with numerical representations of certainty is that they hide the reasoning about uncertainty. While numbers are easy to propagate over inferences, what the numbers mean is unclear. The theory of endorsements provide a richer representation of the factors that affect certainty and supports multiple strategies for dealing with uncertainty.
Strings on AdS2 and the high-energy limit of noncritical M-theory

Abstract. Noncritical M-theory in 2+1 dimensions has been defined as a double-scaling limit of a nonrelativistic Fermi liquid on a flat two-dimensional plane. Here we study this noncritical M-theory in the limit of high energies, analogous to the alpha' --> infinity limit of string theory. In the related case of two-dimensional Type 0A strings, it has been argued that the conformal alpha' --> infinity limit leads to AdS_2 with a propagating fermion whose mass is set by the value of the RR flux. Here we provide evidence that in the high-energy limit, the natural ground state of noncritical M-theory similarly describes the AdS_2 x S1 spacetime, with a massless propagating fermion. We argue that the spacetime effective theory in this background is captured by a topological higher-spin extension of conformal Chern-Simons gravity in 2+1 dimensions, consistently coupled to a massless Dirac field. Intriguingly, the two-dimensional plane populated by the original nonrelativistic fermions is essentially the twistor space associated with the symmetry group of the AdS_2 x S1 spacetime; thus, at least in the high-energy limit, noncritical M-theory can be nonperturbatively described as a"Fermi liquid on twistor space. ''
Personality and Euroscepticism: The Impact of Personality on Attitudes Towards the EU

Attitudes towards EU integration are widely studied, yet we know only little about the role of personality for EU attitudes. Utilizing a framing experiment encompassing positive and negative frames of EU integration, this article reports on how personality influences attitudes towards EU integration, and how personal predispositions moderate framing effects, impacting EU attitude formation. The study relies on Danish and Swedish data (N = 1808). I test both the direct impact of personality on EU attitudes and personality's moderating impact on framing effects. I find that extraversion and openness positively correlate with positive EU attitudes, while people scoring high on neuroticism tend to support the EU less. Furthermore, I find that personality moderates different EU frames. Individuals with certain personality traits are more influenced by framing effects than others, while positive and negative frames also are perceived differently according to personal predispositions. I find only little country differences between Denmark and Sweden.
Antigen-Induced IL-10+ Regulatory T Cells Are Independent of CD25+ Regulatory Cells for Their Growth, Differentiation, and Function1

Recent studies have emphasized the importance of T cells with regulatory/suppressor properties in controlling autoimmune diseases. A number of different types of regulatory T cells have been described with the best characterized being the CD25+ population. In addition, it has been shown that regulatory T cells can be induced by specific Ag administration. In this study, we investigate the relationship between peptide-induced, CD4+ regulatory T cells and naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ cells derived from the Tg4 TCR-transgenic mouse. Peptide-induced cells were FoxP3− and responded to Ag by secreting IL-10, whereas CD25+ cells failed to secrete this cytokine. Both cell types were able to suppress the proliferation of naive lymphocytes in vitro although with distinct activation sensitivities. Depletion of CD25+ cells did not affect the suppressive properties of peptide-induced regulators. Furthermore, peptide-induced regulatory/suppressor T cells could be generated in RAG−/−, TCR-transgenic mice that do not spontaneously generate CD25+ regulatory cells. These results demonstrate that these natural and induced regulatory cells fall into distinct subsets.
Decision process for automated selection of security protocols

Todaypsilas Internet has a growing number of protocols and mechanisms to protect data in transmission. One can choose from IP Security (IPsec), Transport Layer Security (TLS), and many other protocols. However, available security protocols and mechanisms are not widely used due to usability issues [1], [2] and because users often underestimate the risk their data is exposed to. An approach to solve this problem consists of automated selection and configuration of available security protocols in a user-transparent way. In this paper, we present a method for automatically choosing the right security protocol based on Security, Quality of Service, and Energy Consumption aspects. We describe the necessary aspects, value functions, and a hierarchical, flexible, and efficient decision process.
Globalization and urban sociability: Landmarks for an education towards citizenship

The Final Declaration of the World Assembly of Cities and Local Authorities (Habitat II, Istanbul, 01 may 1996) stated: As the main arena of social interaction and exchange, the town must be recognized as the pivotal human settlement, around which and within which economic growth and sustainable development, the well-being and social cohesion of the majority of people, capacity of adaptation and technical, social, cultural and political innovation, the invention of our future and the renewed vision of the progress of humanity and the future of our civilizations, will be determined.
The Effect of Mild Motion Sickness and Sopite Syndrome on Multitasking Cognitive Performance

Objective: In this study, we investigated the effects of mild motion sickness and sopite syndrome on multitasking cognitive performance. Background: Despite knowledge on general motion sickness, little is known about the effect of motion sickness and sopite syndrome on multitasking cognitive performance. Specifically, there is a gap in existing knowledge in the gray area of mild motion sickness. Method: Fifty-one healthy individuals performed a multitasking battery. Three independent groups of participants were exposed to two experimental sessions. Two groups received motion only in the first or the second session, whereas the control group did not receive motion. Measurements of motion sickness, sopite syndrome, alertness, and performance were collected during the experiment. Results: Only during the second session, motion sickness and sopite syndrome had a significant negative association with cognitive performance. Significant performance differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic participants in the second session were identified in composite (9.43%), memory (31.7%), and arithmetic (14.7%) task scores. The results suggest that performance retention between sessions was not affected by mild motion sickness. Conclusion: Multitasking cognitive performance declined even when motion sickness and soporific symptoms were mild. The results also show an order effect. We postulate that the differential effect of session on the association between symptomatology and multitasking performance may be related to the attentional resources allocated to performing the multiple tasks. Results suggest an inverse relationship between motion sickness effects on performance and the cognitive effort focused on performing a task. Application: Even mild motion sickness has potential implications for multitasking operational performance.