Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Household Food Security in Tamalate District Makassar City

This study examines the food security dynamics among farmer and non-farmer households in Barombong Village, Tamalate District, Makassar City, focusing on determinants that influence household food security. Employing purposive sampling, 40 respondents were selected, and multiple linear regression alongside quantitative descriptive statistics were utilized for analysis. Results indicate significant disparities in food and non-food expenditures between the two groups. While both had high expenditures on side dishes, cigarettes, and rice, farmer households additionally faced significant costs for education, celebration donations, and fuel oil, compared to non-farmer households’ education, electricity, and fuel expenses. Food expenditure constituted 72% of farmer household budgets, whereas it was 65.26% for non-farmer households. Strikingly, only 10% of farmer households were food-secure, compared to 40% of non-farmer households. Crucially, household food security was notably influenced by income, family size, formal education, and sugar prices. Higher income and educational levels correlated with increased food security, while larger families and elevated sugar prices were linked to diminished food security. This research underscores the paradoxical vulnerability of farmer households in food security issues and stresses the need for targeted agricultural and social interventions in the region.
Amazonian secondary forests are greatly reducing fragmentation and edge exposure in old-growth forests

Restoration of tropical landscapes through the expansion of secondary forests is crucial for climate change mitigation and offers co-benefits for biodiversity. However, the strength of these benefits is influenced by the position of these secondary forests within the landscape. Recovery of both carbon stocks and biodiversity in secondary forests are enhanced by proximity to old-growth forests, and old-growth forests may benefit from secondary forests in return through buffering of edge effects and reduced fragmentation. However, to date there has been no biome-wide assessment of secondary forest location relative to old-growth forests. We mapped Amazonian secondary forests and explored their proximity to old-growth forests of different conditions. We then calculated the extent to which secondary forests buffer old-growth edge forest (<120 m from an edge) and the influence of secondary forests on fragmentation. In 2020, 41.2% of Amazonian secondary forest was directly adjacent to old-growth forest and 94.1% was within a fragment connected to old growth. However, adjacency and connectedness fell to 20.1% and 57.4% respectively when only considering extensive structurally intact old-growth forest. Secondary forests buffered 41.1% of old-growth edge forest and, when acting as corridors, reduced the total number of old-growth fragments by 2 million. Our results reveal the importance of understanding spatial context when examining the potential benefits of increasing secondary forest cover. Improved understanding of the benefits of locating secondary forests next to old-growth forests could support the development of more effective climate change mitigation and restoration strategies.
TERRESTRIAL HEAT FLOW IN PERSIA

Summary Measurements are described which permit the determination of the terrestrial heat flow in eighteen bore holes in S.W. Persia. The variations of heat flow that are found to exist can to a large extent be explained by the geological structure. The influence of topographic irregularities, climatic changes, recent tectonic movements and denudation upon the heat flow is discussed. If we assume that the climate has become warmer in the last 10,000 years this may have reduced the terrestrial heat flow by at most 0.31×10−6 cal. /cm.2 sec. The other agencies discussed have only a small influence upon the observed heat flow. The mean value of the heat flow in eighteen bore holes is 0.87×10−6 cal. /cm.2 sec. This is a low value, but it agrees rather well with the recently determined values of 0.98×10−6 in Great Britain and 1.16×10−6 in South Africa.
KIRTLAND AIR FORCE BASE ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO

Kirtland Air Force Base (AFB) is submitting the KAFB Community Relations Plan -Bulk Fuels Facility Spill SWMU ST-106 and SS-111, February 2012, in accordance with Part I, number 3 within New Mexico Environment letter dated August 6, 2010 (RE: Bulk Fuels Facility Spill, SWMUs ST-106 and SS-111 Directive for Conducting Interirn Measmes and Notice of Disapproval; Inkrim Meas{Ires Work Plan, June 2010; Vadose Zone Work Plan, June 2010;. Groundwater Investigation Work Plan, June 2010; Kirtland AFB, EPA ID# NM9570024423 HWB-KAFB-10-015, HWB-KAFB-10-016, HWB-KAFB-10-019).
The Study Utilization of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Peel Extract as a Gel-Based Burn Wound Plaster

The industry in Indonesia is currently experiencing significant development dominated by workers in the informal sector. During the business/production processes, problems are often encountered, leading to injuries or wounds. Burn wound are caused by heat sources such as fire, electricity, hazardous chemicals, and radiation. One natural substance with the potential to be used as an alternative treatment for burn wound is mangosteen peel. Mangosteen peel contains active biochemical compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, xanthones, and alkaloid derivatives, which have anti-inflammatory effects that can aid in the wound healing process by promoting collagen formation. Additionally, the presence of saponins in mangosteen peel makes it antibacterial. This research aims to explore the potential of mangosteen peel patches in the healing of burn injuries often experienced by informal industrial workers. The research method used secondary data through a literature review study. Article searches were conducted using keywords such as 'wound' and 'mangosteen peel. ' Through the analysis of 10 articles, it was found that mangosteen peel has great potential to be utilized as a mangosteen peel patch, with a wound healing percentage of up to 83% over 21 days at an optimum concentration of 15%. The availability of patches made from mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) is expected to assist informal workers or UMKM in addressing burn wound they may encounter during work while also helping to utilize waste that would otherwise go unused.Keywords: Biochemical compounds, Burn wound, Informal Sector, Mangosteen Peel, Plaster
AUTOLINERS AND SEABIRD BY-CATCH: DO LINE SETTERS INCREASE THE SINK RATE OF INTEGRATED WEIGHT LONGLINES?

Line setters are used with integrated weight (IW) (50 g m –1 lead core) longlines by some autoline vessels in the Kerguelen and Crozet Islands Patagonian toothfish ( Dissostichus eleginoides) fisheries to deter seabirds, ostensibly by expediting gear sink rates. A trial was conducted in the Ross Sea to determine the effectiveness of line setters in increasing the sink rates of IW longlines. Time-depth recorders were deployed on lines set with and without a line setter using a paired-treatment design. Sink rates of longlines set with and without a line setter were identical, including in the first few metres of the water column where seabird interactions are likely to be most intense. Longlines deployed with the line setter entered the water several metres closer to the stern of the vessel and commenced sinking sooner, thus increasing slightly (<0.5 m) the depth of longlines for given distances astern. This increase in depth is minor and unlikely to result in substantial reductions in interactions between longlines and seabirds in the Kerguelen and Crozet fisheries.
Domain Generalization via Aggregation and Separation for Audio Deepfake Detection

In this paper, we propose an Aggregation and Separation Domain Generalization (ASDG) method for Audio DeepFake Detection (ADD). Fake speech generated from different methods exhibits varied amplitude and frequency distributions rather than genuine speech. In addition, the spoofing attacks in training sets may not keep pace with the evolving diversity of real-world deepfake distributions. In light of this, we attempt to learn an ideal feature space that can aggregate real speech and separate fake speech to achieve better generalizability in the detection of unseen target domains. Specifically, we first propose a feature generator based on Lightweight Convolutional Neural Networks (LCNN), which is employed for generating a feature space and categorizing the feature into real and fake. Meanwhile, single-side domain adversarial learning is leveraged to make only the real speech from different domains indistinguishable, which enables the distribution of real speech to be aggregated in the feature space. Furthermore, a triplet loss is adopted to separate the distribution of fake speech while aggregating the distribution of real speech. Finally, in order to test the generalizability of the model, we train it with three different English datasets and evaluate in harsh conditions: cross-language and noisy datasets. The extensive experiments show that ASDG outperforms the baseline models in cross-domain tasks and decreases Equal Error Rate (EER) by up to 39.24% when compared to that of RawNet2. It is proved that the proposed Aggregation and Separation Domain Generalization method can be an effective strategy to improve the model generalizability.
ESTROUS CYCLE SYNCHRONIZATION AND SUPEROVULATION EFFECT OF L- ARGININE CEFATOXIME PESSARY (ALCECO®) IN EWES (PART II)

INTRODUCTION Several attempting were performed to program animal fertility and upgrading accomplished economically. That done by ability to control animal's date of birth is usually of importance in animal breading of productive animal or animal husbandry. Accordingly, substantial research and development efforts have been directed at controlling the ewe reproductive cycle in order to produce lambs with actual birth dates. [1]
Study of Fintech and Corporate Risk Based on the Perspective of Objective Financial Dilemma and Subjective Risk Appetite

The rapid development of fintech will have an important impact on corporate risks. This paper takes A-share non-financial listed companies from 2011 to 2020 as the research object to study the impact of fintech development level on the risk bearing level and financial risk. The results show that: (1) There is a U-shaped relationship between the development level of fintech and the level of enterprise risk taking and financial risk as well. (2) At present, China is in the period of rapid development of fintech, and the increase of enterprise risks caused by it is worth noticing, and the relevant departments should strengthen external supervision. (3) Fintech can have an impact on enterprise risks by alleviating financing constraints, promoting enterprise R & D and innovation, and reducing the market competition degree. (4) The regulatory effect of corporate governance level can be claimed as: the higher the level of corporate governance, the more considerable the influence of fintech on improving the level of enterprise risk bearing, and the less considerable the impact of reducing financial risk.
Hippocampal Asymmetry Increases with Age

It is unclear whether differences between the two brain hemispheres become larger or smaller with increasing age. Given that the hippocampus is particularly susceptible to age-related changes, here, we set out to investigate the correlation between chronological age and hippocampal asymmetry, both for the hippocampal complex as a whole and in cytoarchitectonically defined subregions (cornu ammonis 1, 2, 3, dentate gyrus, subiculum, and entorhinal cortex). We analyzed T1-weighted data of the brain from a sample of 725 healthy individuals (406 women/319 men) spanning a wide age range (36–100 years) from The Lifespan Human Connectome Project in Aging. Correlations between the absolute asymmetry index and chronological age were positive for all six subregions and also for the hippocampal complex as a whole, albeit effects the effects were not significant for the dentate gyrus. This suggests that, overall, hippocampal asymmetry increases with increasing age (i.e., the left and right hippocampi become more different over time). Given that the subregions of the hippocampal complex serve different brain functions, follow-up research is needed to explore the functional implications within the framework of brain aging. In addition, longitudinal studies will be necessary to confirm the observed cross-sectional effects.
A modeling approach to introduce haptic feedback in multimodal awareness for groupware systems

The key to effective collaboration is awareness; traditional groupware systems have relied on visual cues to achieve it. Audio has been used to complement and overcome the limitations of graphical displays to maintain awareness. However, the emergence of alternative user interface strategies, such as haptic feedback, presents new opportunities to promote awareness. Yet, designing effective haptic awareness mechanisms is challenging due to the lack of documented experience. Therefore, we suggest using flexible prototyping and evaluation tools to facilitate an exploratory design process. We also propose that the design of awareness features should consider modalities to be used and the relationships between them from the outset. To support this idea, we introduce a modeling language and supporting tools to express haptic awareness features. We show how the language can be used in the context of model-driven development of groupware.
Thermal origin of mid‐plate hot‐spot swells

Summary. Additional evidence supports the idea that the shallow rises surrounding mid-plate, hot-spot volcanoes are caused by a broad-scale reheating of the lithosphere above hot-spots. Firstly, as required by the reheating concept, the rises appear to be supported by a density deficiency within the normal thickness of the lithosphere. The gravity anomalies over the Bermuda, Cape Verde, Hawaii and Cook-Austral swells indicate that the compensation of these swells is only 40 to 100 km deep. The geoid anomaly over the Hawaiian swell is consistent with these depths. Secondly, as also required by the reheating concept; swells and the volcanoes formed on swells subside at the same rate as younger, hotter lithosphere which is at the same ocean depth. Almost all mid-plate swells rise to an ocean depth of 4250 m, the depth of normal 25 Myr-old lithosphere. The Hawaiian Swell, Emperor Guyots, Cook-Austral Swell and Bikini and Enewetok Atolls all subside as 25 Myr-old lithosphere subsides.
An Optimized CNN Method for Multi-Class MRI Brain Tumor Classification

Multi-Class MRI Brain Tumor Classification is essential for lowering mortality rates in the field of medical imaging. Nevertheless, current techniques do not distinguish between various tumor forms, including glioma, meningioma, no-tumor, and pituitary tumors. Hyper-parameters like batch size and epochs are not optimized by these approaches. As a result, classification accuracy is affected. This paper provides a uniquely optimized CNN method that combines the pre-trained AlexNet CNN model with the Rat Swarm Optimizer technique in order to overcome the aforementioned constraints. There are three stages to this process. First, images of MRI brain tumors are acquired from the BraTS2020 database, which contains images of pituitary, glioma, meningioma, and no-tumor. Second, the images were classified using the pre-trained AlexNet CNN model. Finally, the hyper-parameters like as batch size and epochs are optimized using a rat swarm optimizer to obtain the best values for improved classification. The effectiveness of the suggested technique is evaluated using the F1-score, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy metrics. When compared to current methods, the proposed approach performs better.
Pesticides: Benefaction or Pandora's Box? A synopsis ofthe environmental aspects of 243 pesticides

The report provides an overview of physical, chemical and environmental data of 243 pesticides. The data mentioned are based on confidential information supplied by the manufacturers of the pesticides. For all pesticides mentioned a Final Environmental File, which is public, is derived. Tables with assorted data (sorted from high to low adverse environmental effect) for several environmental items are also included. Differences in environmental aspects per group of pesticides are illustrated in diagrams. These groups consist of pesticides with comparable structures and/or goals of application.
Soil nitrogen availability predictor (SNAP): a simple model for predicting mineralisation of nitrogen in forest soils

A new empirical model (SNAP) combines a simple laboratory measurement of the basal rate of N mineralisation with the modifying effects of daily temperature and water content to predict seasonal and annual rates of mineralisation of forest soils. Short-term (20-60-day) aerobic incubations of either undisturbed or bulked and mixed soil were found suitable for prediction of the basal rate of N mineralisation. Data from laboratory incubations of a range of soils were used to calibrate empirical relationships describing the effects of temperature (Tm) and water (Wm) on rates of N mineralisation. Submodels for predicting daily average temperature (STUF) and water content (SWUF) for up to 3 surface soil layers were developed and used to provide inputs to the Tm and Wm functions, respectively. Inputs required for SNAP are restricted to variables whose values are easily obtained. In addition to the amount of N mineralised during a short aerobic laboratory incubation, other soil properties required are bulk density, gravel and clay content, and upper and lower limits of soil water content. Climatic data required included daily air temperature, rainfall, and solar radiation. Other inputs are slope, leaf area index of the stand, and approximate mass and height of litter. Predicted rates of N mineralisation have been verified using data from 9 native forests, 12 radiata pine plantations, and 12 eucalypt plantations from across southern Australia. Despite the wide range of forest types, soil types, climatic regions, and management systems, predicted annual rates of N mineralisation were in close agreement with those observed in the field, regardless of whether daily soil temperature and water content were predicted (R2 = 0.76, P < 0.001, n = 127) or observed (R2 = 0.78, P < 0.001, n = 68). Sensitivity analysis showed that it was most important to minimise analytical error in inputs used to calculate the basal rate of N mineralisation (i.e. soil temperature, water content, and N mineralised during laboratory incubation). The model was more sensitive to daily soil temperature than to daily soil water content.
EVALUATION OF CARDIAC AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION AND THE RISK OF ARRHYTHMIA IN CHILDREN WITH MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE

Objective: The occurrence of symptoms in patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is linked to autonomic dysfunction and neuroendocrine causes rather than progressive mitral valve insufficiency. The goal was to assess the risk of autonomic dysfunction and arrhythmia in patients with MVP. Methods: A cohort of 63 individuals with MVP was compared to a control group of 64 age-and gender-matched children. A comprehensive assessment was conducted, comprising physical examination, medical history taking
Transfreq: A Python package for computing the theta‐to‐alpha transition frequency from resting state electroencephalographic data

A classic approach to estimate individual theta‐to‐alpha transition frequency (TF) requires two electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings, one acquired in a resting state condition and one showing alpha desynchronisation due, for example, to task execution. This translates into long recording sessions that may be cumbersome in studies involving patients. Moreover, an incomplete desynchronisation of the alpha rhythm may compromise TF estimates. Here we present transfreq, a publicly available Python library that allows TF computation from resting state data by clustering the spectral profiles associated to the EEG channels based on their content in alpha and theta bands. A detailed overview of transfreq core algorithm and software architecture is provided. Its effectiveness and robustness across different experimental setups are demonstrated on a publicly available EEG data set and on in‐house recordings, including scenarios where the classic approach fails to estimate TF. We conclude with a proof of concept of the predictive power of transfreq TF as a clinical marker. Specifically, we present a scenario where transfreq TF shows a stronger correlation with the mini mental state examination score than other widely used EEG features, including individual alpha peak and median/mean frequency. The documentation of transfreq and the codes for reproducing the analysis of the article with the open‐source data set are available online at https://elisabettavallarino.github. io/transfreq/. Motivated by the results showed in this article, we believe our method will provide a robust tool for discovering markers of neurodegenerative diseases.
Evaluation of a standard protocol for drying off and drying off therapy in dairy 1 cows based on the comparison of two different commercial antimicrobials

23 This study aims to evaluate two commercial antibiotics for dry-off. Ninety-five Friesian 24 cows and 380 quarters were included. Cows were classified as Control and Subclinical 25 Mastitis based on somatic cell count. The California Mastitis Test and the teat end score 26 have been performed. Quarters were randomly treated with Cloxacillin and Ampicillin 27 (TA) and Cephalexin (TB). The effect of the therapy (TA vs TB) was estimated by X2 28 analysis based on the Wald test. The preservative and therapeutic action of TA vs TB 29 were evaluated by the Kruskall-Wallis test. TB showed a statistically significant 30 therapeutic effect in the control group, that might be related to the pharmacological 31 activity of the two antibiotics. Also, the subclinical mastitis group most commonly 32 presented more quarters affected compared to the control group, leading to a worse 33 improvement despite proper therapy. In conclusion, an abruptly dried off, the California 34 mastitis test, teat end score and somatic cell count evaluation, as long as microbial herd 35 data might represent key concepts for an efficient drying off standard protocol in a dairy 36 farm. In line with the herd bacterial population, both TA and TB might be employed for 37 drying off therapy. 38
GLOBAL SCALE EVALUATION OF WETLANDS USING THE ENVISAT RA-2

In order to determine whether or not the EnviSat RA-2 can be used to monitor water levels within wetlands a study of four Wetlands was conducted. The chosen wetlands were: the Okavango Delta, the Sudd marshes, the Vasyugan Swamp and Big Cypress. To enable precise measurements, accurate masks were derived of the surfaces within each wetland. Several parameters including Sigma0 and waveform analysis were employed in addition to geographic information to delineate the land from open waterbodies. Timeseries were obtained from a number of wetlands, both within wetlands themselves and externally from the inflow/outflow rivers, demonstrating the valuable potential contribution from the RA-2 to monitoring wetlands.