Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Testing process errors and their harms and consequences reported from family medicine practices: a study of the American Academy of Family Physicians National Research Network

Context: Little is known about the types and outcomes of testing process errors that occur in primary care. Objective: To describe types, predictors and outcomes of testing errors reported by family physicians and office staff. Design: Events were reported anonymously. Each office completed a survey describing their testing processes prior to event reporting. Setting and participants: 243 clinicians and office staff of eight family medicine offices. Main outcome measures: Distribution of error types, associations with potential predictors; predictors of harm and consequences of the errors. Results: Participants submitted 590 event reports with 966 testing process errors. Errors occurred in ordering tests (12.9%), implementing tests (17.9%), reporting results to clinicians (24.6%), clinicians responding to results (6.6%), notifying patient of results (6.8%), general administration (17.6%), communication (5.7%) and other categories (7.8%). Charting or filing errors accounted for 14.5% of errors. Significant associations (p<0.05) existed between error types and type of reporter (clinician or staff), number of labs used by the practice, absence of a results follow-up system and patients’ race/ethnicity. Adverse consequences included time lost and financial consequences (22%), delays in care (24%), pain/suffering (11%) and adverse clinical consequence (2%). Patients were unharmed in 54% of events; 18% resulted in some harm, and harm status was unknown for 28%. Using multilevel logistic regression analyses, adverse consequences or harm were more common in events that were clinician-reported, involved patients aged 45–64 years and involved test implementation errors. Minority patients were more likely than white, non-Hispanic patients to suffer adverse consequences or harm. Conclusions: Errors occur throughout the testing process, most commonly involving test implementation and reporting results to clinicians. While significant physical harm was rare, adverse consequences for patients were common. The higher prevalence of harm and adverse consequences for minority patients is a troubling disparity needing further investigation.
Predicting deterioration in patients with lobar haemorrhages

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical course and determine predictors of deterioration in patients with lobar haemorrhages). METHODS A comprehensive review of 61 consecutive patients with lobar haemorrhages was performed. Neurological deterioration was defined as (1) decrease in Glasgow coma sum score by 2 points, (2) new neurological deficit, or (3) clinical signs of brain herniation. A univariate logistic regression was performed and expressed in odds ratios. RESULTS Sixteen of 61 (26%) patients with lobar haemorrhages deteriorated after admission. In a univariate analysis, only a Glasgow coma score <14 predicted deterioration (75% of deterioratorsv 24% who did not deteriorate; p<0.0001). Initial CT characteristics predictive of deterioration included haemorrhage volume >60 ml (63% v 16%, p< 0.0001), shift of the septum pellucidum (75%v 36%, p<0.01), effacement of the contralateral ambient cistern (33% v 0%, p<0.0001), and widening of the contralateral temporal horn (50%v 0%, p<0.0001). Patients presenting and deteriorating within 12 hours of ictus declined due to enlargement of the haemorrhage. Those who deteriorated more than 12 hours after initial neurological symptoms, showed increased mass effect secondary to oedema. Conclusion—Patients with lobar haemorrhages presenting immediately after ictus are at risk for deterioration from enlargement of the haemorrhage and predictors of deterioration may be absent. Patients with large volume lobar haemorrhages presenting to the emergency department with decreased level of consciousness and shift on CT are at risk for further deterioration from worsening oedema. These patients require close observation and early aggressive management may be warranted.
How much do operational processes affect hospital inpatient discharge rates?

BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to determine the effect of day of the week, holiday, team admission and rotation schedules, individual attending physicians and their length of coverage on daily team discharge rates. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of the General Internal Medicine (GIM) inpatient service at our institution for years 2005 and 2006, which included 5088 patients under GIM care. RESULTS Weekend discharge rate was more than 50% lower compared with reference rates whereas Friday rates were 24% higher. Holiday Monday discharge rates were 65% lower than regular Mondays, with an increase in pre-holiday discharge rates. Teams that were on-call or that were on call the next day had 15% higher discharge rates compared with reference whereas teams that were post-call had 20% lower rates. Individual attending physicians and length of attending coverage contributed small variations in discharge rates. Resident scheduling was not a significant predictor of discharge rates. CONCLUSIONS Day of the week and holidays followed by team organization and scheduling are significant predictors of daily variation in discharge rates. Introducing greater holiday and weekend capacity as well as reorganizing internal processes such as admitting and attending schedules may potentially optimize discharge rates.
Reduction numbers and initial ideals

The reduction number r(A) of a standard graded algebra A is the least integer k such that there exists a minimal reduction J of the homogeneous maximal ideal m of A such that Jmk = mk+1. Vasconcelos conjectured that r(R/I) ≤ r(R/in(I)) where in(I) is the initial ideal of an ideal I in a polynomial ring R with respect to a term order. The goal of this note is to prove the conjecture. 1. Reduction numbers and initial ideals Let K be an infinite field and let A = ⊕ i∈NAi be a homogeneous K-algebra, that is, an algebra of the form R/I where R = K[x1, . , xn] is a polynomial ring and I is a homogeneous ideal. The reduction number r(A) of A is the least integer k such that there exists a minimal reduction J of the homogeneous maximal ideal m of A such that J m = m. It is not difficult to see that r(A) is the largest integer k such that the Hilbert function of A/J at k does not vanish; here J is the ideal of A generated by d = dimA generic linear forms. Vasconcelos conjectured [10, Conjecture 7.2] that r(R/I) ≤ r(R/ inτ (I)) where inτ (I) is the initial ideal of I with respect to a term order τ . The conjecture has been proved by Bresinsky and Hoa [2] for the generic initial ideal Ginτ (I), or, more generally, when inτ (I) is Borel-fixed. Trung [8] showed that r(R/I) = r(R/GinRL(I)) where GinRL(I) is the generic initial ideal of I with respect to the degree reverse lexicographic order RL (revlex for short). The goal of this note is to prove the conjecture in general. After this paper was written we were informed that Trung [9] has independently solved the conjecture in general by a completely different method. What we prove is the following generalization of Vasconcelos’ conjecture: Theorem 1.1. Let p be an integer, 0 ≤ p ≤ n, and let inτ (I) be the initial ideal of I with respect to a term order τ . Let J be an ideal generated by p generic linear forms. Then the Hilbert function of R/I + J is ≤ that of R/ inτ (I) + J , that is, dimK [R/I + J ]j ≤ dimK [R/ inτ (I) + J ]j for all j ∈ N. Received by the editors September 24, 2001 and, in revised form, October 29, 2001. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 13P10, 13A30; Secondary 13F20.
Finding the Best Compromise Between Design Quality and Testing Effort During Refactoring

Anti-patterns are poor design choices that hinder code evolution, and understandability. Practitioners perform refactoring, that are semantic-preserving-code transformations, to correct anti-patterns and to improve design quality. However, manual refactoring is a consuming task and a heavy burden for developers who have to struggle to complete their coding tasks and maintain the design quality of the system at the same time. For that reason, researchers and practitioners have proposed several approaches to bring automated support to developers, with solutions that ranges from single anti-patterns correction, to multiobjective solutions. The latter approaches attempted to reduce refactoring effort, or to improve semantic similarity between classes and methods in addition to removing anti-patterns. To the best of our knowledge, none of the previous approaches have considered the impact of refactoring on another important aspect of software development, which is the testing effort. In this paper, we propose a novel search-based multiobjective approach for removing five well-known anti-patterns and minimizing testing effort. To assess the effectiveness of our proposed approach, we implement three different multiobjective metaheuristics (NSGA-II, SPEA2, MOCell) and apply them to a benchmark comprised of four open-source systems. Results show that MOCell is the metaheuristic that provides the best performance.
Ontology-based model for resolving the data-level and semantic-level conflicts

Mediating heterogeneous data sources through ontology-based data integration has been a critical issue in the database community for the past few years. To overcome the shortcoming of the traditional conflict resolutions for the ontology-based data integration system, this paper puts forward a new architecture called RCM, which provides an extensible mechanism in the descriptions of mapping formulas and constraints of conflicts between the global schema and the local schema. Grounded on the given model, an algorithm is proposed to deal with difficulties caused by data-level and semantic-level conflicts. It extracts formulas and constraints from mapping documents to analyze conflicts and then delivers them to corresponding handlers to modify the incorrect sub-queries. Thus, it identifies and resolves a variety of conflicts in heterogeneous databases so as to obtain the correct results of operations on the global schema. In addition, we present evaluation results to show that the model can be successfully used to implement the process of identifying and resolving conflicts.
Invertible fragile watermarking using fractal code and block-chain

This paper proposes a new watermarking scheme for image tamper detection and recovery, in which the tampered region can be detected and recovered in a fully automated fashion. To resist the vector quantization (VQ) attack and collage attack, all blocks in the original image randomly form a linear chain based on the secret key which is called block-chain. To achieve high-quality recovered image, we perform fractal coding for the original image, then insert the fractal image codes and watermark of an image block into the next block in the block-chain to obtain the watermarked image. By watermark extraction and detection procedure, the proposed scheme can determine whether the watermarked image has been altered and localize the tampered region, and then apply fractal decoding for image recovery. Abundant experimental results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Study of the diversity reception in a forested environment

The feasibility of using spatial diversity within a foliage environment is examined in this letter. It is found that the presence of lateral waves in the forested environment is the main reason for the highly dependent multi-propagation paths. These highly dependent multipaths produce a high spatial correlation between diverse receptors when used in a forested environment. The mutual coupling effects between the receptors are analyzed through the study of the antennas' mutual impedance and angular pattern of the receiving array. It is founded that, in the forested environment where there is a large angular spread of multipaths, when spatial diversity is used, the coupling induced change in the antenna pattern becomes a dominant factor. This lowers the correlation property between the multiple receptors.
Expressed Emotion among Family Caregivers of Persons with Schizophrenia: A Causal Model Study

The purpose of this cross-sectional correlational study was to test the Model of Expressed Emotion among Family Caregivers of Persons with Schizophrenia. A hypothesized casual model was developed based on Lazarus and Folkman’s theory of stress and coping, and empirical evidence from a literature review. Relevant factors integrated into the Model included severity of illness, mental health status of the family caregiver, caregiving burden, family functioning, and stigma. The study participants, recruited by means of purposive sampling, consisted of 385 primary family caregivers of adults with schizophrenia who had been followed up at outpatient units of two major psychiatric hospitals in central Thailand. Data were collected using the Thai Expressed Emotion Scale, the Behavior and Symptom Perception Scale, the Thai General Health Questionnaire-28: the Caregiving Burden Scale, the Chulalongkorn Family Inventory, and the Perceived Stigma Questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized model. The study findings revealed that the modified model fitted the data and could explain 57% of variance of expressed emotion. In addition, severity of illness, mental health status, caregiving burden, and family functioning had a direct effect on expressed emotion. Meanwhile, stigma had an indirect effect on expressed emotion, mediated through caregiving burden and mental health status of the family caregiver. The Model can be used as a guideline for developing nursing interventions to reduce caregiving burden, as well as promote mental health status and family functioning among family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia.
Favourable and unfavourable short duration segments of speech in noise

Human perceptual experiments are described that present listeners with segmented stop consonant speech stimuli in noise. The selection of short duration speech segments is based on a local measure of the signal-to-noise ratio calculated over 1ms windows. The aim is to create stimuli with known (cid:223)uctuations occurring between a speech and noise sample to assess whether the presence of short duration (cid:210)gaps(cid:211) in the noise produce favourable and unfavourable signal regions that in(cid:223)uence identi-(cid:222)cation. Perceptual results are reported that suggest human listeners make better use of signals that comprise only of positive, local signal-to-noise ratio segments. Such regions are assumed to be more favourable for stimuli identi(cid:222)cation. Presentation of stimuli containing only negative signal-to-noise ratio regions does not appear to contribute as much. A model that is based on the accumulation of short duration spectral segments is presented that produces a similar set of identi(cid:222)cation functions for the same test stimuli.
A comunicação interna das escolas de música do ABC paulista: desbravando a teia de suas redes sociais

A crescente discussao sobre quais serao as formas de comunicacao que irao dominar as estruturas organizacionais nas empresas modernas vem ganhando muitas contribuicoes academicas, porem elas parecem estar entrando em um conflito quanto a sua funcao organizacional. Muitos autores defendem que as comunicacoes virtuais irao substituir a comunicacao cara-a-cara com plena suficiencia. Outra linha de pesquisadores afirma que a comunicacao virtual e utilizada apenas para contatos simples, como a marcacao de uma reuniao, porem as decisoes serias das empresas somente serao tomadas cara-a-cara. Com base nessa premissa foi investigada tres escolas no ABC Paulista para saber como estava funcionando a comunicacao interna destas escolas e como e realizada a sua comunicacao formal. Como principal resultado dessa pesquisa, foi identificado que a amizade e um fenomeno que impulsiona os contatos virtuais e que, mesmo em ambientes onde os colaboradores nao estao sempre presentes, a comunicacao cara-a-cara continua sendo usada como principal meio de comunicacao formal.
Learning by Imitation of Behaviors for Autonomous Agents

The goal of this work is to provide more autonomy for virtual actors by endowing them with a learning ability by imitation. While acting in his virtual world, our virtual actor uses prototypic behaviors defined by Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) to simulate other actors’ behavior in his imaginary world. This simulation allows him to carry out predictions and choices of strategies. We propose a method allowing virtual actor to adapt a prototypic behavior of FCMs to a model by simple observation. Prototype adapts itself to its model and simulation of other actors’ behavior in the imaginary world comes closer to reality. This method uses meta-knowledge about learning allowing to preserve a "personality" and emotions.
A Compact Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) System with Inductive Sensor for Closed Loop Feedback

Ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC), of which a low actuating voltage (<5 V), high power efficiency and biocompatibility makes it a proven candidate for low power devices. However, due to its inherent nonlinear behaviour and time-variance, feedback control, as well as reliable sensing means, are required for accurate operations. This paper presents an IPMC actuator implemented with an inductive sensor to enhance the reliability and compactness of the overall device. A practical, low cost and importantly, compact inductive sensor fabricated on a printed circuit board (PCB) is proposed here. Target material selections and coil design considerations are discussed. It is experimentally determined that the inductive sensor has comparable performance to a laser sensor. Based on a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control results the inductive sensor has demonstrated to be an alternative to a laser sensor allowing devices using IPMC actuators to be compact.
Six-phase supply feasibility using a PM fractional-slot dual winding machine

The growing interest on fault tolerant drives requires new solutions avoiding the adoption of custom and expensive configurations. The machine with a dual three-phase winding is an interesting candidate. It is provided of two windings, each of them fed by one converter of half power. In the event of fault, one of the two three-phase windings (the faulty one) is disconnected and the machine is operated by means of the healthy winding only. With a proper mechanical and electrical arrangement the machine can be exactly a six-phase machine, obtaining higher performance during healthy conditions. The paper analyzes the feasibility of this dual winding configuration applied to a non-overlapped coils fractional-slot winding permanent magnet (PM) machine. The star of slots is applied to highlight the proper winding candidates. The more interesting windings are deeply analyzed.
True Finns and Non-True Finns: The Minority Rights Discourse of Populist Politics in Finland

ABSTRACT This article analyses minority rights discourse in statements of the populist radical right party called the True Finns, which has become a major political force in Finland in the 2010s. A framework for the analysis is provided by research about the development of political approaches to multiculturalism in Western democracies. Kymlicka (2010) argues that a backlash against multicultural policies has mainly occurred in relation to the acceptance of ethnic-cultural diversity among immigrant groups. Support for a backlash is found in the minority rights statements of the party. However, the political rhetoric of the party is not mainly about policies relating to immigrants, but basic principles of group-specific rights for minorities are also disputed. The article argues that the populist rhetoric has to be understood as related to fundamental discourses about majority and minority rights in developed welfare states.
Path Integral Approach for Quantum Motion on Spaces of Non-constant Curvature According to Koenigs: Three Dimensions

In this contribution a path integral approach for the quantum motion on three-dimensional spaces according to Koenigs, for short``Koenigs-Spaces'', is discussed. Their construction is simple: One takes a Hamiltonian from three-dimensional flat space and divides it by a three-dimensional superintegrable potential. Such superintegrable potentials will be the isotropic singular oscillator, the Holt-potential, the Coulomb potential, or two centrifugal potentials, respectively. In all cases a non-trivial space of non-constant curvature is generated. In order to obtain a proper quantum theory a curvature term has to be incorporated into the quantum Hamiltonian. For possible bound-state solutions we find equations up to twelfth order in the energy E.
Le pilotage des forces de vente

L’objectif de cette première étude consiste à étudier le comportement des vendeurs à la lumière du mode de pilotage adopté par leur entreprise. Plus précisément, le but de cet article est de confirmer la diversité de ces modes de pilotage et d’identifier les dysfonctionnements issus de leurs incohérences. L’analyse d’une série d’entretiens approfondis avec directeurs commerciaux et vendeurs permet d’avancer de nouvelles propositions susceptibles d’améliorer les performances commerciales. Finalement, les implications managériales sont détaillées.
Platelet/lymphocyte ratio and risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction

Background Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a new prognostic marker in coronary artery disease. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between PLR and in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-elevated acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Material/Methods The present study included 636 patients with ST-elevated AMI. The study population was divided into tertiles based on their admission PLR. Patients having values in the third tertile was defined as the high PLR group (n=212) and those having values in the lower 2 tertiles were defined as the low PLR group (n=424). Results Risk factors of coronary artery disease and treatments administered during the in-hospital period were similar between the groups. Male patient ratio was found to be lower in the high PLR group (73% vs. 82.8%, p=0.004). In-hospital mortality was increased in the high PLR group when compared to the low PLR group (12.7% vs. 5.9%, p=0.004). The PLR >144 was found to be an independent predictor of in-hospital cardiovascular mortality (HR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.16–4.0, p=0.014). Conclusions This study showed that PLR is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in patients with ST-elevated AMI.
Unlocking the code of 14-3-3

One of the most striking `rags to riches' stories in the protein world is that of 14-3-3, originally identified in 1967 as merely an abundant brain protein. The first clues that 14-3-3 would play an important role in cell biology came almost 25 years later when it was found to interact with various proto-oncogene proteins and signaling proteins. The subsequent identification of 14-3-3 as a phosphoserine/phosphothreonine-binding protein firmly established its importance in cell signaling. 14-3-3 family members are found in all eukaryotes – from plants to mammals – and more than 100 binding partners have been identified to date. The targets of 14-3-3 are found in all subcellular compartments and their functional diversity is overwhelming – they include transcription factors, biosynthetic enzymes, cytoskeletal proteins, signaling molecules, apoptosis factors and tumor suppressors. 14-3-3 binding can alter the localization, stability, phosphorylation state, activity and/or molecular interactions of a target protein. Recent studies now indicate that the serine/threonine protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A are important regulators of 14-3-3 binding interactions, and demonstrate a role for 14-3-3 in controlling the translocation of certain proteins from the cytoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. New reports also link 14-3-3 to several neoplastic and neurological disorders, where it might contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of these diseases.