Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The politics of care: emotional labour and trainee further education lecturers[1]

Abstract Further education has become pivotal to English educational policy with the sector being central to strategies that seek to raise educational standards and widen participation. This article derives from a study of trainee further education (FE) teachers on a full-time, postgraduate certificate course in the Midlands. It seeks to examine trainee experiences of their placement college and of the pedagogic relations in which they are placed. In particular, the article analyses trainees' initial orientation towards learning and teaching in the sector, and sets this against college experiences. Heuristically, trainees' understandings of care are located within and mediated by the pedagogic context in which they labour. Conceptualisations of emotional labour, performativity, and the relations between learner and teacher are central to understanding these orientations to care.
Urbanism and Social Psychological Well‐Being: A Cross‐Cultural Test of Three Theories*

Three competing theories of how urbanism affects social-psychological well-being are tested using data from London, England; Los Angeles, California; and Sydney, Australia. Path analyses are conducted using visiting friends, visiting kin, and marriage companionship in the different paths. It is found that determinist theory can be rejected because most-urban people do not have fewer social relations than less-urban people; in fact, they may have more. Subcultural theory received some weak but mixed support, and compositionalist theory generally is not supported. The three metropolitan areas do not differ markedly from each other in the paths they show. The best predictor of well-being is the quality of people's social relationships.
Floral adaptation and diversification under pollen limitation

Pollen limitation (PL) of seed production creates unique conditions for reproductive adaptation by angiosperms, in part because, unlike under ovule or resource limitation, floral interactions with pollen vectors can contribute to variation in female success. Although the ecological and conservation consequences of PL have received considerable attention in recent times, its evolutionary implications are poorly appreciated. To identify general influences of PL on reproductive adaptation compared with those under other seed-production limits and their implications for evolution in altered environments, we derive a model that incorporates pollination and post-pollination aspects of PL. Because PL always favours increased ovule fertilization, even when population dynamics are not seed limited, it should pervasively influence selection on reproductive traits. Significantly, under PL the intensity of inbreeding does not determine whether outcrossing or autonomous selfing can evolve, although it can affect which response is most likely. Because the causes of PL are multifaceted in both natural and anthropogenically altered environments, the possible outcrossing solutions are diverse and context dependent, which may contribute to the extensive variety of angiosperm reproductive characteristics. Finally, the increased adaptive options available under PL may be responsible for positive global associations between it and angiosperm diversity.
Estimation of Macronutrient Content in Kindergartens Meals: Food Composition Tables or Chemical Analysis?

Objective: The nutrition of children in kindergartens has a great significance for proper growth and development of children. In order to save time and money, the control of macronutrients content is performed by calculations using food composition tables instead of performing a chemical analysis. Methods: We examined the macronutrients content of 240 whole day meals using food composition tables and performed chemical analysis of meals to determine adequacy and validity of food composition tables in calculation of macronutrient contents in kindergarten meals. Findings: We established no correlation (P>0.05) between the value of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Significant difference was established between the average content of proteins (t=2.57; P<0.05), and carbohydrates (t=3.20; P<0.01), but not with the content of fats in the meals (t=1.26; P>0.05) (food composition tables vs chemical analysis). Conclusion: Until we establish new food composition tables, chemical analysis remains the only valid method for assessment of macronutrients content and energy value of a meal in kindergarten.
Motivation and personality: The intimacy motive

The intimacy motive is a recurrent preference or readiness for experiences of warm, close, and communicative interaction with other persons. As one of a handful of basic human needs or general desires, the intimacy motive serves to energize, direct, and select behavior in certain situations. The motive is conceived as a relatively stable individual-difference variable in personality readily assessed via content analysis of imaginative narrative productions, such as stories told or written in response to the pictures of the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). At the center of intimate experience is the sharing of one's thoughts, feelings, and inner life with other human beings (McAdams, 1989). This quality of relating to others is described by Buber (1970) as the “I–Thou” experience, by Maslow (1968) in terms of “being-love,” by Bakan (1966) as the “communal” mode of human existence, and by Sullivan (1953) as the “need for interpersonal intimacy. ” These authors emphasize that intimate experience involves joy and mutual delight in the presence of another, reciprocal and noninstrumental communication, openness and receptivity, perceived harmony or union, a concern for the well-being of the other, and a surrender of manipulative control and the desire to master in relating to the other. The person who is dispositionally “high” in intimacy motivation tends to be more sensitive and aware of opportunities for intimate sharing in everyday life than is the person relatively “low” in intimacy motivation.
Effect of intense wrestling exercise on leucocytes and adhesion molecules in adolescent boys

Background: In adults, exercise is a powerful and natural stimulator of immune cells and adhesion molecules. Far less is known about exercise responses during childhood and adolescence and whether or not exercise in “real life” activities of healthy adolescents influences immune responses. Objective: To determine if strenuous exercise leads to significant changes in leucocyte number and adhesion molecule expression in adolescent boys. Methods: Eleven healthy, high school boys, aged 14–18.5 years, performed a single, typical, 1.5 hour wrestling practice session. Blood was sampled before and after the session. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate changes in immune responses. Results: The exercise led to significant (p<0.05) and robust increases in granulocytes, monocytes, and all lymphocyte subpopulations. The most significant changes were observed for natural killer cells (p<0.0005). The number of T cytotoxic and T helper cells expressing CD62L increased significantly (p<0.002 and p<0.0005 respectively), as did the number of T cytotoxic and T helper cells not expressing CD62L (p<0.003 and p<0.009 respectively). The density of CD62L on lymphocytes decreased significantly with exercise (p<0.0005), whereas CD11a (p<0.01) and CD54 (p<0.01) increased. Conclusions: The data show that an intense wrestling bout in adolescent boys leads to profound stimulation of the immune system. The role of these common changes in overall immune status and the development of the immune and haemopoietic systems has yet to be determined.
A breast abscess caused by Actinomyces radingae

Actinomyces radingae is a rare isolate in clinical specimens. We describe a case of a postmenopausal woman presenting with a breast abscess caused by A. radingae. To our knowledge, this is the second description of a case of a breast infection due to this pathogen. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2016;6(2): 84-86
GaN Nanowire MOSFET With Near-Ideal Subthreshold Slope

Wrap-around gate GaN nanowire MOSFETs using Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as gate oxide have been experimentally demonstrated. The fabricated devices exhibit a minimum subthreshold slope of 60 mV/dec, an average subthreshold slope of 68 mV/dec over three decades of drain current, drain-induced barrier lowering of 27 mV/V, an on-current of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$42~\mu \text {A}/\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (normalized by nanowire circumference), on/off ratio over <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{8}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, an intrinsic transconductance of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$27.8~\mu \text {S}/\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, for a switching efficiency figure of merit, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${Q}={g}_{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/SS of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.41~\mu \text{S}/\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-dec/mV. These performance metrics make GaN nanowire MOSFETs a promising candidate for emerging low-power applications, such as sensors and RF for the Internet of Things.
Self-Monitoring in Children: Accuracy and Reactivity

Abstract While the ability to monitor one's own behavior has been proposed as an important step in the development of self-control, very little information is actually available on children's ability to correctly label their own behavior or what effects that labeling might have on the occurrence of the behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy and reactive effects of self-monitoring for both a positively valued (attending) and a negatively valued (talking out of turn) classroom behavior in a group of third-grade students. With minimal instructions, the children were fairly accurate in monitoring their level of attending and of talking out. How accurate they were in monitoring one was not correlated with level of accuracy for the other. While there were no overall reactive effects, reactivity did seem to be influenced by self-monitoring accuracy. The behavior of the more accurate self-monitors remained fairly stable. However, compared to the more accurate self-monitors and to their ow.
Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide

Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide Contents Page Summary vi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background to the report 1 1.2 The oceans and carbon dioxide: acidification 1 1.3 Acidification and the surface oceans 2 1.4 Ocean life and acidification 2 1.5 Interaction with the Earth systems 2 1.6 Adaptation to and mitigation of ocean acidification 2 1.7 Artificial deep ocean storage of carbon dioxide 3 1.8 Conduct of the study 3 2 Effects of atmospheric CO 2 enhancement on ocean chemistry 5 2.1 Introduction 5 2.2 The impact of increasing CO 2 on the chemistry of ocean waters 5 2.2.1 The oceans and the carbon cycle 5 2.2.2 The oceans and carbon dioxide 6 2.2.3 The oceans as a carbonate buffer 6 2.3 Natural variation in pH of the oceans 6 2.4 Factors affecting CO 2 uptake by the oceans 7 2.5 How oceans have responded to changes in atmospheric CO 2 in the past 7 2.6 Change in ocean chemistry due to increases in atmospheric CO 2 from human activities 9 2.6. 1 Change to the oceans due to CO 2 enhancement in recent centuries 9 2.6. 2 How oceanic pH will change in the future 9 2.7 The role of carbon chemistry in ocean systems 10 2.7. 1 Effects on calcium carbonate and saturation horizons 10 2.7. 2 Impacts of acidification on the chemistry of nutrients and toxins 12 2.8 Conclusions 13 3 Biological impacts: effects of changing ocean chemistry on organisms and populations 15 3.1 Introduction 15 3.2 Effects of ocean acidification on photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic microorganisms 16 3.2.1 Effects on phytoplankton: photosynthetic organisms 16 3.2.2 Effects on non-photosynthetic microorganisms 18 3.3 Effects of ocean acidification on photosynthesis in benthic organisms 18 3.4 Effects of ocean acidification on multicellular animals 19 3.4.
Hacking and Harassment—Do They Have Something in Common? Comparing Risk Factors for Online Victimization

Contrary to committing hacking offences, becoming a victim of hacking has received scant research attention. This article addresses risk factors for this type of crime and explores its theoretical and empirical connectedness to the more commonly studied type of cybercrime victimization: online harassment. The results show that low self-control acts as a general risk factor in two ways. First, it leads to a higher risk of experiencing either one of these two distinct types of victimization within a 1-year period. Second, cumulatively the experiences of being hacked and harassed are also more prominent among this group. However, specific online behaviors predicted specific online victimization types (e.g., using social media predicted only harassment and not hacking). The results thus shed more light on the extent to which criminological theories are applicable across different types of Internet-related crime.
Analysis of sex chromosome effects on behaviour

Sexual dimorphisms are seen in healthy individuals and in disorders. Recent research in model systems has challenged the dogma that sexual dimorphisms in the brain arise solely from sex differences in gonadal hormones such studies have suggested that products encoded by sex- linked genes may act direcdy on the brain, interacting with or independently of gonadal hormones, to contribute to aspects of neural sexual dimorphism. In this thesis, two mouse models were used to determine the extent to which gonadal hormones and sex-linked genetic mechanisms underpinned aspects of behaviour. The first of these models, the XO mouse, enables us to identify brain processes influenced by X-monosomy (i.e. lack of an X chromosome), or X-linked genomic imprinting (i.e. the parental origin of the single X chromosome). The second of these models, the Four Core Genotypes (FCG) cross allows a dissociation between brain and behavioural effects due to the action of the Y-linked gene Sry (either direct brain effects, or indirect effects on gonadal hormone secretion) and of other sex-linked genes. Data from the XO mouse model suggested an X-monosomy effect on the acquisition of two biconditional discriminations, but no effects on response conflict, as measured by a novel murine version of the 'Stroop task' the X-monosomy effect was not due to non-specific effects on physiology or behaviour. Data from the second model suggested XYY-dependent effects on anxiety (as indexed by the elevated zero maze) and on initial acquisition of a stimulus-reinforcer contingency in a two-way visual discrimination paradigm, but not on reversal learning. Assays of systemic testosterone levels and Sry brain expression in FCG mice and wildtype males indicated that the anxiety phenotype may be primarily due to testosterone, whilst the acquisition effect was more likely to be due to Sry expression in the brain. These data highlight the importance of direct effects of sex-linked genes on brain and behaviour. They may be of relevance to understanding the mechanisms underlying neuropsychological abnormalities in disorders, such as Turner syndrome (X-monosomy) and XYY, and sexual differentiation of the brain in mammals.
THE VALIDITY OF THE BRISTOL SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT GUIDES IN DELINQUENCY PREDICTION

Summary. Two different approaches are used to analyse the data, given in the manual, on the usefulness of the Bristol Social Adjustment Guides as predictors of delinquency. The two methods each show that the predictive efficiency in terms of the ratio of valid positives to false positives is no greater than a quarter of that claimed in the manual and may be even less. It is suggested, therefore, that the use of the guides for this purpose be discontinued.
Efficient physically-based shadow algorithms

Author Samuli Laine Title Efficient Physically-Based Shadow Algorithms This research focuses on developing efficient algorithms for computing shadows in computer-generated images. A distinctive feature of the shadow algorithms presented in this thesis is that they produce correct, physicallybased results, instead of giving approximations whose quality is often hard to ensure or evaluate. Light sources that are modeled as points without any spatial extent produce hard shadows with sharp boundaries. Shadow mapping is a traditional method for rendering such shadows. A shadow map is a depth buffer computed from the scene, using a point light source as the viewpoint. The finite resolution of the shadow map requires that its contents are resampled when determining the shadows on visible surfaces. This causes various artifacts such as incorrect self-shadowing and jagged shadow boundaries. A novel method is presented that avoids the resampling step, and provides exact shadows for every point visible in the image. The shadow volume algorithm is another commonly used algorithm for real-time rendering of hard shadows. This algorithm gives exact results and does not suffer from any resampling problems, but it tends to consume a lot of fillrate, which leads to performance problems. This thesis presents a new technique for locally choosing between two previous shadow volume algorithms with different performance characteristics. A simple criterion for making the local choices is shown to yield better performance than using either of the algorithms alone. Light sources with nonzero spatial extent give rise to soft shadows with smooth boundaries. A novel method is presented that transposes the classical processing order for soft shadow computation in offline rendering. Instead of casting shadow rays, the algorithm first conceptually collects every ray that would need to be cast, and then processes the shadow-casting primitives one by one, hierarchically finding the rays that are blocked. Another new soft shadow algorithm takes a different point of view into computing the shadows. Only the silhouettes of the shadow casters are used for determining the shadows, and an unintrusive execution model makes the algorithm practical for production use in offline rendering. The proposed techniques accelerate the computing of physically-based shadows in real-time and offline rendering. These improvements make it possible to use correct, physically-based shadows in a broad range of scenes that previous methods cannot handle efficiently enough. UDC 004.925, 004.383. 5
Intraindividual Variability in Positive and Negative Affect

TITLE PAGE AND TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ABSTRACT ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 1\. Introduction and Theoretical Background 2\. Research Questions and Hypotheses 3\. Method 4\. Results 5\. Discussion 6\. References 7\. Appendix LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES ERKLARUNG
Optimization of Polynomials on Compact Semialgebraic Sets

A basic closed semialgebraic subset S of $\R^n$ is defined by simultaneous polynomial inequalities $g_1\ge 0,\dotsc,g_m\ge 0$. We give a short introduction to Lasserre's method for minimizing a polynomial f on a compact set S of this kind. It consists of successively solving tighter and tighter convex relaxations of this problem which can be formulated as semidefinite programs. We give a new short proof for the convergence of the optimal values of these relaxations to the infimum $f^\ast$ of f on S which is constructive and elementary. In the case where f possesses a unique minimizer $x^\ast$, we prove that every sequence of "nearly" optimal solutions of the successive relaxations gives rise to a sequence of points in $\R^n$ converging to $x^\ast$.
Waterfall: Primitives Generation on the Fly

Modern languages are typically supported by managed runtimes (Virtual Machines). Since VMs have to deal with many concepts such as memory management, abstract execution model and scheduling, they tend to be very complex. Additionally, VMs have to meet strong performance requirements. This demand of performance is one of the main reasons why many VMs are built statically. Thus, design decisions are frozen at compile time preventing changes at runtime. One clear example is the impossibility to dynamically adapt or change primitives of the VM once it has been compiled. In this work we present a toolchain that allows for altering and configuring components such as primitives and plug-ins at runtime. The main contribution is Waterfall, a dynamic and reflective translator from Slang, a restricted subset of Smalltalk, to native code. Waterfall generates primitives on demand and executes them on the fly. We validate our approach by implementing dynamic primitive modification and runtime customization of VM plug-ins.
INTERSECTING JONES PROJECTIONS

Let M be a von Neumann algebra on a Hilbert space ℋ with a cyclic and separating unit vector Ω and let ω be the faithful normal state on M given by ω(·) = (Ω,·Ω). Moreover, let {Ni : i ∈ I} be a family of von Neumann subalgebras of M with faithful normal conditional expectations Ei of M onto Ni satisfying ω = ω ◦ Ei for all i ∈ I and let N = ∩i∈I Ni. We show that the projections ei, e of ℋ onto the closed subspaces and respectively satisfy e = ∧i∈I ei. This proves a conjecture of Jones and Xu in [1].
Optimal foraging in patchy turbulent environments

The problem of what strategy a predator should adopt when foraging in a turbulent and spatially patchy environment is investigated using simple mathematical models. The study was moti- vated by the need to understand the behaviour of marine fish larvae searching for copepod prey. It is demonstrated that optimal swimming speed should decrease with increasing turbulence, and that in a patchy turbulent environment it is best to concentrate swimming activity within patches of prey until a threshold of turbulence is exceeded and swimming ceases to be energetically favourable. If the predator is unaware of its global environment, or is only able to make foraging decisions based on temporally and spatially local knowledge, then its ability to forage in a near-optimal manner is severely reduced.
Survey of Recommender Systems ( Collaborative Filtering )

In these days, as the e-commerce industry is growing and becoming complex, the information about the products is increasing with exponential rate. In such environment, customers have difficulty to find optimal information about product items from the tremendous amount of information. To help the buyers, the major e-business companies are also developing their recommender systems (RS) to help their customers choose product items more efficiently [Gil, A. and García, F. 2003]. This is a kind of Win-Win strategy in E-commerce. The customers can get benefits by receiving some useful information about the products which they are likely to buy. At the same time, the business can get benefits with an increase of its sales [Sotomayor et al. 2005]. Now, the Recommender System technologies are still metamorphosing day by day. The main object of this survey is to study the existing concepts of Recommender Systems, look over the real Recommender System examples, and scrutinize the background theories and algorithms in detail.
On the parallel complexity of integer programming

Abst. [gct. We show that the several problems, whose complexity with respect P and NC was open, are equivalent under NC-reductions. These include: (1) Finding the optimal solution of a two-variable integer program; (2) Determining whether a set of linear inequalities in two dimensions has all integer solation; (3) Finding all intermediate results in the Euclidean algorithm for the greatest common divisor of two integers; (4) Finding integers x and y that minimize mx+ny>0 (as is well known, the result mx+ny is the greatest common divisor of m and n). We also show that integer programrMng can be NC-redueed to the basis reduction problem (and tiffs holds in any fixed dimension). Thus, basis reduction is the ordy step in Lenstra's algorithm that is not easily parallelizable.