Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detecting latent topics and trends of digital twins in healthcare: A structural topic model-based systematic review

Objective Digital twins (DTs) have received widespread attention recently, providing new ideas and possibilities for future healthcare. This review aims to provide a quantitative review to analyze specific study contents, research focus, and trends of DT in healthcare. Simultaneously, this review intends to expand the connotation of “healthcare” into two directions, namely “Disease treatment” and “Health enhancement” to analyze the content within the “DT + healthcare” field thoroughly. Methods A data mining method named Structure Topic Modeling (STM) was used as the analytical tool due to its topic analysis ability and versatility. Google Scholar, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure supplied the material papers in this review. Results A total of 94 high-quality papers published between 2018 and 2022 were gathered and categorized into eight topics, collectively covering the transformative impact across a broader spectrum in healthcare. Three main findings have emerged: (1) papers published in healthcare predominantly concentrate on technology development (artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, etc.) and application scenarios(personalized, precise, and real-time health service); (2) the popularity of research topics is influenced by various factors, including policies, COVID-19, and emerging technologies; and (3) the preference for topics is diverse, with a general inclination toward the attribute of “Health enhancement. ” Conclusions This review underscores the significance of real-time capability and accuracy in shaping the future of DT, where algorithms and data transmission methods assume central importance in achieving these goals. Moreover, technological advancements, such as omics and Metaverse, have opened up new possibilities for DT in healthcare. These findings contribute to the existing literature by offering quantitative insights and valuable guidance to keep researchers ahead of the curve.
Island Archaeology and the Native American Economies (2500 B.C.–A.D. 1700) of the Georgia Coast

Abstract Our research along the Georgia coast of the southeastern United States explores the role that small islands played in Native American economies over some 4000 years (ca. 2500 B.C.–A.D. 1700). Most archaeological research in the region has concentrated on large barrier islands that front the Atlantic Ocean. Less understood are the much smaller back-barrier islands, also called marsh islands, located in the inter-tidal environment. Our survey of four of these islands, Little Sapelo Island, Pumpkin Hammock, Mary Hammock, and Patterson Island, indicates that such landforms were important for most of the prehistoric and early historical Native American occupations of the coast. These landforms were key components in subsistence systems that relied heavily on estuarine resources. We discuss the implications of our study regarding method and theory in archaeology, and consider long-standing debates as to the productivity of coastal and maritime resources and the notion of insularity in island archaeology. Specifically, we suggest that, for some regions, small islands facilitate connectivity between areas. Further, the methodological implications of our study suggest that many small islands should be investigated as sites. That is, the nature of activity over the entire landform should be the focus of investigations.
Detection of Orbital Tumors on MRI images using Convolutional Neural Networks

: Orbital tumors are the most common type of tumor affecting the orbit. Some factors, such as technical causes relating to imaging quality and human error, contribute to radiologists misdiagnosing eye tumors. Computer-aided detection systems (CADs) are being developed to address these limitations and have recently been used in numerous imaging modalities for eye tumor diagnosis. CAD technologies increase radiologists' ability to detect and distinguish between normal and diseased tissues. These techniques are only conducted as a second opinion, but the radiologist makes the final decisions. This article presents the contemporary CAD method for detecting orbital tumors on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Pre-processing, Data Augmentation, Classification, and Evaluation are the four stages that involve our CAD system. Two datasets were used for MRI images: 1404 MRI T1-weighted images and 1560 MRI T2-weighted images. The system was evaluated by many evaluation metrics including the recognition rate which gives 95% for T1-weighted images and 94% for T2-weighted images.
Permian bivalve molluscs from the Gai-As Formation, northern Namibia: systematics, taphonomy and biostratigraphy

Fossil bivalves from two horizons in the Gai-As Formation of NW Namibia are tentatively correlated with mid-Permian taxa of the Passa Dois Group of Brazil, supporting the concept that the Paraná Basin extended into Africa. The Namibian fauna includes a new genus and species, Huabiella compressa, which was previously confused with Brazilian taxa. The taphonomy of the bivalve-rich strata indicates deposition under the influence of episodic events, such as storms. The Gai-As Formation directly overlies the mesosaurid-bearing deposits of the Huab Formation, indicating a significant unconformity when compared with the more complete succession of the Passa Dois Group, Paraná Basin, Brazil. The studied bivalve assemblages are no younger than 265±2.5 Ma (mid-Permian), based on U/Pb radiometric dating of zircons from tuffs.
Assessment protocol for acquired apraxia of speech

ABSTRACT Purpose To develop an assessment protocol for speech motor planning with phonologically balanced stimuli for Brazilian Portuguese, including all necessary variables for this diagnosis. Methods Three stages were carried out: In the first, word lists were built with the main criterion being syllabic and accentual patterns. From the survey conducted in Stage 1, the words that composed the first version of the protocol lists in Stage 2 were selected, and grouped into two fundamental tasks for diagnosing acquired apraxia of speech (AOS): repetition and Reading Aloud (RA). In Stage 3, the occurrence of words was investigated using the Brazilian Corpus (PUC-SP) - Linguateca database, and a statistical analysis was performed to verify if the repetition and RA lists were balanced in terms of the occurrences. Thus, the lists were distributed in quartiles and submitted to both descriptive and bivariate analyses. A significance level of 5% (p<0.05) was adopted. Results After completion of all stages, the words that composed the lists of the repetition and RA tasks were obtained. Finally, other tasks considered essential for the assessment of AOS, such as diadochokinetic rates and the board for spontaneous oral emission, were then added to the protocol. Conclusion The developed protocol contains the tasks considered standard for the assessment of AOS according to the international literature, which makes this instrument important for diagnosing this disorder in speakers of Brazilian Portuguese.
CO2 frost cap thickness on Mars during northern winter and spring

[1] The thickness of seasonal CO2 frost that covers the north pole of Mars during the winter and spring seasons is studied using gamma ray and neutron data measured using the gamma ray spectrometer suite of instruments aboard Mars Odyssey. The resultant seasonal variation of CO2 ice/frost thickness for latitudes greater than +85° is in close agreement (within 9% at maximum) with those predicted using all three major Mars general circulation models presently in use. These observed CO2 ice results are significantly different from those inferred from the Mars Obiter Laser Altimeter experiment aboard Mars Global Surveyor (MGS). A possible explanation is that the density of the CO2 ice/frost cap is considerably lower than that inferred from observed variations of the MGS orbit. Other significant results are that the thermal neutron counting rates provide evidence for variations in the abundance of noncondensable components of the polar atmosphere of Mars and that the basement terrain below the seasonal cover of CO2 frost within about 10° of the pole is nearly 100% water ice.
Modelado prosódico del euskera batua para conversión de texto a habla

En esta tesis se presenta el trabajo de modelado prosodico del euskara batua, realizado para su aplicacion a sistemas de conversion de texto a habla. Se han desarrollado modelos de entonacion, de duracion y de insercion de pausas. Los modelos han sido obtenidos siguiendo una misma metodologia en la que se parte de un corpus representativo del fenomeno que se quiere estudiar, que es segmentado y marcado a todos los niveles necesarios, obteniendose los parametros caracteristicos del modelo en desarrollo. Para la obtencion de los modelos prosodicos realizados se han disenado y grabado bases de datos especificas y se han desarrollado herramientas de parametrizacion y verificacion de los parametros. Estos parametros se estudian estadisticamente para relacionarlos con informacion obtenida a partir del texto, de modo que pueda predecirse su valor con solo conocer el texto de entrada. La calidad del modelo estadistico se evalua objetivamente con medidas como la raiz cuadrada del error cuadratico medio o el error relativo y tambien subjetivamente con unas pruebas disenadas especificamente para ello. Para el modelado de la entonacion se ha adaptado el modelo de Fujisaki al euskara batua y se han encontrado las restricciones linguisticas que es posible aplicar en esta lengua. Todos los modelos prosodicos desarrollados han obtenido resultados objetivos comparables a los publicados para otras lenguas y buenas calificaciones en las pruebas de evaluacion subjetiva, indicando que la calidad y la naturalidad del conversor texto-habla en euskara han aumentado gracias a este trabajo.
Survival and in Vitro Fertility of Boar Spermatozoa Frozen in the Presence of Superoxide Dismutase And/or Catalase

In the present study the potential benefit of reactive oxygen species (ROS)–scavenging enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) when cryopreserving boar spermatozoa was evaluated. Pooled ejaculate sperm-rich fractions collected from 3 fertile boars were frozen in a split design, after being extended in a conventional freezing extender (control) or the same extender supplemented with SOD (150 or 300 IU/mL, experiment 1), CAT (200 or 400 IU/mL, experiment 2), or SOD ϩ CAT in combination (150 ϩ 200 or 300 ϩ 400 IU/mL, experiment 3). Irrespective of the concentration used, SOD and CAT, alone or in combination, significantly improved postthaw sperm survival, in terms of total sperm motility (assessed with CASA) and viability (assessed with a triple stain; propidium iodide/R123/fluorescein isothiocyanate–labeled peanut agglutinin). Moreover, CAT alone, at a concentration of 400 IU/mL, or in combination with SOD, at concentrations of 200 and 400 UI/ mL, improved the ability of frozen-thawed spermatozoa to produce embryos in vitro (zygote cleavage and blastocyst formation as end points). Additional data of ROS generation (luminol-and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence) and membrane lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA] production) indicated that SOD and CAT reduced postthaw ROS generation by boar spermatozoa, without any influence on MDA production. I n recent years, successful fertility results after artificial insemination (AI) in sows with cryopreserved sper-matozoa have been reported (Ericksson et al, 2002; Roca et al, 2003). However, these fertility levels are not high enough for an extensive use of frozen-thawed spermato-zoa in commercial pig breeding. One of the primary reasons for the current lower farrowing rates and smaller litter size compared with freshly ejaculated and liquid-extended spermatozoa is the reduced capacity of boar spermatozoa to survive the freezing and thawing process. Even using the best-known cryopreservation techniques, normally less than half of the cells retain motility post-thaw. Cryopreservation of spermatozoa affects primarily the plasma membrane, with the damage varying in magnitude among species, owing to the structural complexity it presents. Species differences in the susceptibility of their spermatozoa to cooling, freezing, and thawing process are thus largely attributable to compositional variations of the sperm plasma membrane. The major susceptibility is related , in part, to the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (White, 1993), which are susceptible to undergoing lipid Supported by CICYT (AGF98-0533) and INIA (RZ01-019) projects. peroxidation in the presence of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). The lipid peroxidation cascade is initiated when spermatozoa are attacked by ROS, which results in …
An exploration of teaching practices of special needs educators in the context of building an inclusive education system.

In the past learners with disabilities have experienced severe forms of discrimination, isolation and separation. They were perceived as persons with deficits and in need of help. They were separated from society as they were considered to be inadequate people. The discriminative practices against learners with disabilities and the doctrines of apartheid that contributed to discrimination and separation on racial differences resulted in learners with disabilities being doubly handicapped. The discrimination against learners with disabilities is largely the result of adherence to the medical model and deficit theory to disability. However, the current trends which support the social rights theory and ecological systems theory to disability which are consistent with the Constitution and its Bill of Rights , adopts an inclusive approach and promotes equal rights and equal opportunity to all people , including learners with disabilities. This commits schools to enrolling learners with disabilities and providing equal education opportunities for them. To provide a meaningful educational experience for all learners , education structures need to be enabled , and attitudes , teaching and learning methodologies, and the curriculum changed to reflect inclusive values. Furthermore, Education White Paper 6 (DoE, 200 I) clearly states that classroom educators are the primary resource for achieving the goal of inclusive education. This implies that educators will need to be empowered to change their attitudes, refine their teaching practice and where necessary, develop new ones. Hence, this study aims to explore the teaching practices of special needs educators in the context of building an inclusive education system. A qualitative case study approach was adopted in this study, whereby six participants who were teaching at special schools were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule, exploring their day to day teaching practices. The findings reveal that the teaching practices of special needs educators are in line with inclusive practices that could benefit mainstream educators. Special needs educators adjust and adapt their teaching practice to accommodate and address the diverse needs of all the learners so that each individual learner receives a learning experience that "fits". However, acknowledgement and recommendations are made with regard to the challenges encountered when adapting teaching practices.
Remote estimation of terrestrial evapotranspiration without using meteorological data

We developed a new method to estimate terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) from satellite data without using meteorological inputs. By analyzing observations from 20 eddy covariance tower sites across continental North America, we found a strong relationship between monthly gross primary production (GPP) and ET (R2 = 0.72–0.97), implying the potential of using the remotely sensed GPP to invert ET. We therefore adopted the Temperature‐Greenness model which calculates 16 day GPP using MODIS EVI and LST products to estimate GPP and then to calculate ET by dividing GPP with ecosystem water use efficiency (the ratio of GPP to ET). The proposed method estimated 16 day ET very well by comparison with tower‐based measurements (R2 = 0.84, p < 0.001, n = 1290) and provided better ET estimates than the MODIS ET product. This suggests that routine estimation of ET from satellite remote sensing without using fine‐resolution meteorological fields is possible and can be very useful for studying water and carbon cycles.
THE ANTARCTIC TEMPERATURE INVERSION

In the interior of the Antarctic ice sheet the surface temperature inversion averages over 25°C in the winter months. The negative buoyancy of the near-surface air drives the katabatic windflow, which has important consequences for the climate of Antarctica. Radiosonde measurements of the inversion are combined with recent GCM results in an attempt to assess the accuracy of proposed connections between the surface temperature and the inversion strength by comparing the limited observational verification data with the much wider coverage that a climate model allows. This indicates that, using multi-annual data, the continent-wide RMS error of deducing the inversion strength from a regression technique is approximately 2ċ9°C, whereas using a method based upon differences between summer and winter temperaures has a RMS error of approximately 2ċ5°C.
Instruments and Parameters for Evaluating Upper Limb Motor Fatigability in Individuals with Neuromuscular Diseases: Systematic Review

Background. Neuromuscular diseases present a set of clinical and pathological disabilities that include muscle weakness and atrophy, perception of fatigue, fatigability, and contracture. Motor fatigability compromises the ability of the individual to generate muscle strength and perform their daily activities. Quantitative measures of strength and motor fatigability are important to determine the clinical progression of the disease and the response to the proposed treatments. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the equipment and protocols frequently used to assess upper limb motor fatigability in patients with neuromuscular disease. Methods. Information such as equipment used to induce motor fatigability, body segment or joint studied, movement analyzed, type of contraction, and protocol utilized for the test was analyzed. Joanna Briggs Scale and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessed the methodological quality of the studies. In addition, a checklist was prepared by the research group to assess the protocols presented in the referred studies. Results. The isokinetic and handgrip dynamometers were the most utilized equipment to induce motor fatigability. 83% of the studies had a design with low methodological rigor and half of them with high risk of bias. In the analysis of the protocols utilized to induce motor fatigability, one study was classified as regular and the other ones as good. Conclusion. The methodological topics to assess motor fatigability were incompletely described considering the electrophysiological and biomechanical approach. Although the motor fatigability in the upper limb was evaluated using isokinetic and handgrip equipment, the absence of a gold standard protocol still compromises the understanding of clinical progression and responses to the treatments in the neuromuscular diseases. This trial is registered with CRD42021206934.
Comprehensive study of serine/arginine-rich (SR) gene family in rice: characterization, evolution and expression analysis

As important regulators of alternative splicing (AS) events, serine/arginine (SR)-rich proteins play indispensable roles in the growth and development of organisms. Until now, the study of SR genes has been lacking in plants. In the current study, we performed genome-wide analysis on the SR gene family in rice. A total of 24 OsSR genes were phylogenetically classified into seven groups, corresponding to seven subfamilies. The OsSR genes’ structures, distribution of conserved domains, and protein tertiary structure of OsSR were conserved within each subfamily. The synteny analysis revealed that segmental duplication events were critical for the expansion of OsSR gene family. Moreover, interspecific synteny revealed the distribution of orthologous SR gene pairs between rice and Arabidopsis, sorghum, wheat, and maize. Among all OsSR genes, 14 genes exhibited NAGNAG acceptors, and only four OsSR genes had AS events on the NAGNAG acceptors. Furthermore, the distinct tissue-specific expression patterns of OsSR genes showed that these genes may function in different developmental stages in rice. The AS patterns on the same OsSR gene were variable among the root, stem, leaf, and grains at different filling stages, and some isoforms could only be detected in one or a few of tested tissues. Meanwhile, our results showed that the expression of some OsSR genes changed dramatically under ABA, GA, salt, drought, cold or heat treatment, which were related to the wide distribution of corresponding cis-elements in their promoter regions, suggesting their specific roles in stress and hormone response. This research facilitates our understanding of SR gene family in rice and provides clues for further exploration of the function of OsSR genes.
The Contribution of Radiative Feedbacks to Orbitally Driven Climate Change

AbstractRadiative feedbacks influence Earth's climate response to orbital forcing, amplifying some aspects of the response while damping others. To better understand this relationship, the GFDL Climate Model, version 2.1 (CM2.1), is used to perform idealized simulations in which only orbital parameters are altered while ice sheets, atmospheric composition, and other climate forcings are prescribed at preindustrial levels. These idealized simulations isolate the climate response and radiative feedbacks to changes in obliquity and longitude of the perihelion alone. Analysis shows that, despite being forced only by a redistribution of insolation with no global annual-mean component, feedbacks induce significant global-mean climate change, resulting in mean temperature changes of −0.5 K in a lowered obliquity experiment and +0.6 K in a NH winter solstice perihelion minus NH summer solstice perihelion experiment. In the obliquity experiment, some global-mean temperature response may be attributable to vertical.
Hard-to-treat or hard-to-catch? Clinical features and therapeutic outcomes of help-seeking foster care youths with mood disorders

Introduction The high level of emotional problems in youths placed in foster care contrasts with the limited use of evidence-based treatments. This study aims to better characterize the clinical features and therapeutic outcomes of foster care youths with mood disorders. Methods A secondary analysis of data collected in the context of a French-Canadian clinical research network on pediatric mood disorders in four sites was conducted to compare three groups of patients with depressive or bipolar disorder: those without exposure to child welfare intervention (WCWI, n = 181), those who received non-placement psychosocial intervention (NPI, n = 62), and those in placement interventions (PI, n = 41). Results We observed a very high rate of academic problems in patients in the groups NPI/PI compared to those in the WCWI group. Patients in the PI group had more disruptive behavioral disorders (OR = 6.87, 95% CI [3.25–14.52]), trauma-related disorders (OR = 3.78, 95% CI [1.6–8.94]), and any neurodevelopmental disorders (OR = 2.73, 95% CI [1.36–5.49]) compared to the other groups (NPI/WCWI). Among inpatients, the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scale and the change in the Children Global Assessment Scale during the hospital stay did not differ across the three groups. We observed a higher prescription rate of antipsychotics in the PI group compared to the NPI/WCWI groups, but no significant difference for antidepressants and mood stabilizers. Discussion These findings support the view that, when provided with dedicated support, fostered inpatient youths can improve in a range comparable to other inpatients. Undetected neurodevelopmental disorders and academic problems are likely important contributors of the burden of mood disorders in these youths.