Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aggressive Prostate Cancer in Patients Treated with Active Surveillance

Simple Summary Active surveillance is a strategy used to manage early-stage prostate cancer without immediate treatment, aiming to maintain patients’ quality of life. However, concerns remain about identifying “aggressive prostate cancer” within the active surveillance cohort, which refers to cancers with a higher potential for progression. We defined aggressive prostate cancer within the active surveillance cohort as follows: a cancer that is not an indication for active surveillance, despite low-risk or favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer, and will undergo pathological upgrading during the course of active surveillance monitoring. The identification of aggressive prostate cancer during active surveillance is crucial, as it indicates the need for a shift in the treatment strategy. The detection of aggressive prostate cancer in these cohorts enables a timely intervention and the initiation of appropriate definitive treatment options to improve patient outcomes. To tackle this, previous studies have suggested a personalized follow-up approach that uses a mix of clinical data, biomarkers, and genetic factors to assess risk. As active surveillance indications expand, the importance of identifying aggressive prostate cancer through a personalized risk-based follow-up is expected to increase. Abstract Active surveillance has emerged as a promising approach for managing low-risk and favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PC), with the aim of minimizing overtreatment and maintaining the quality of life. However, concerns remain about identifying “aggressive prostate cancer” within the active surveillance cohort, which refers to cancers with a higher potential for progression. Previous studies are predictors of aggressive PC during active surveillance. To address this, a personalized risk-based follow-up approach that integrates clinical data, biomarkers, and genetic factors using risk calculators was proposed. This approach enables an efficient risk assessment and the early detection of disease progression, minimizes unnecessary interventions, and improves patient management and outcomes. As active surveillance indications expand, the importance of identifying aggressive PC through a personalized risk-based follow-up is expected to increase.
5G Indoor Micro-BTS Antenna Design Using Quad-MIMO MED Antennas

The purpose of this work is to present a novel design and application for a printed Magneto-Electric Dipole (MED) antenna with a directional pattern and high gain intended for use in the n78-5G NR frequency band implementations. Indeed, the MED antenna should have a resonance frequency of 3.5 GHz and work within the 3.3 to 3.8 GHz range. The electric and magnetic dipoles as well as a reflector ground structure have been formed on an FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1 mm. The manufactured antenna has a 10 dBi stable gain in its frequency band. It also exhibits a S11 of less than -25 dB at a resonance frequency of 3.5 GHz. As a result, a quad Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output (MIMO) structure is designed and fabricated in accordance with the physical specifications of its electrical and mechanical container and the requirements for the application. The fabricated quad-MIMO antennas covering the frequency range of 3.27 to 3.83 GHz achieve 10 dBi gains. As a result of quad-MIMO antennas' unidirectional radiation patterns, there is a greater than 10 dB contrast between the co- and cross-polarized radiation patterns in the main direction of the antenna. Furthermore, aligned and vertical antennas provide isolation of more than 16 dB. The single-element and quad-MIMO MED antennas are analyzed in Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite, a high-frequency simulator software.
Complexity and creative capacity : reformulating the problem of knowledge transfer in environmental management

After completing a large, regional, multi-use Management Strategy Evaluation, we attempt to assess the impact of stakeholder engagement on the project. We do so by comparing the original project plan to the actual project development and highlight the changes which can be more directly related to stakeholder engagement. The impact can be summarised into four broad classes: a) a measurable change in the network of interactions both among researchers and stakeholders; b) changes in how the computer model was developed and run; c) changes in attitudes both among researchers and stakeholders and d) change in the actual project development. We discuss these changes, the way they have been detected and some lessons we learnt which may benefit future Management Strategy Evaluation projects.
Photon-mediated spin-mixing dynamics

We analyze the dynamics of spin-mixing interactions generated by coupling spin-1 atoms to the mode of a high-finesse optical cavity. We show that the dynamics can be understood in terms of generators of the noncompact Lie group SU(1, 1) and introduce a set of SU(1, 1) coherent states which are preserved under Hamiltonian evolution. In terms of these coherent states the resulting dynamics may be interpreted as classical motion on the unit disk. We explicitly compute the trajectories of this classical motion and show that the motion is equivalent to spin-nematic squeezing in the atomic ensemble. Non-uniform coupling between the atomic ensemble and the cavity mode leads to departures from this simple behavior; we introduce a toy model that captures this non-uniformity and solve it exactly.
Cybersecurity Considerations for Communication Based Train Control

The CENELEC TS 50701 is the first encompassing standard aiming at governing cybersecurity risk management processes within the railway industry. Although the technical maturity of this framework is undeniable, its application in practical projects is still an active field of discussion among practitioners, especially when dealing the communication-heavy subsystems. Among such subsystems, signalling is among the most critical ones. Both Communication-based Train Control (CBTC) and European Railway Traffic Management Systems (ERTMS) heavily rely on wireless communications for their operation. This paper describes two cybersecurity attack scenarios regarding wireless communications for CBTCs that can impact the safety of these systems using the lens of the framework provided by the novel CENELEC TS 50701. In doing so, we discuss the implications of using such guidance, especially concerning the different interpretations found in the literature regarding zoning communication systems, to assess and mitigate the cybersecurity risk and improve the posture of CBTC systems concerning the examined attacks. Experimental tests conducted in controlled laboratory environments and high-fidelity simulations have been conducted to support the cybersecurity analysis.
Dual attention-based deep learning approach for building segmentation of remote sensing images

Accurate segmentation of buildings in remote sensing images is crucial for various applications, like urban planning, disaster management, and environmental monitoring. Traditional methods often struggle to handle the complexity of building structures and appearances. In this work, we utilize a multi-level multiple attention-based approach in the DeepLabv3+ model for obtaining global context and local information through the dual attention mechanism and convolutional block attention module. Rather than deploying superficial convolution layers, EfficientNetB7 is used as an encoder. Dual attention comprising of position attention module and channel attention module are added to the output of atrous spatial pyramid pooling model. This is done to obtain the inter-relationship between spatial and channel dimensions. The position attention module obtains the interdependencies of similar features irrespective of their distances through a weighted sum of the features at all positions in the image. Whereas channel attention focuses on improvising correlated channel information by incorporating relevant features across all channel maps. Also, convolutional block attention module is incorporated for better representation of low-level features which is added to the top of the pre-trained residual network backbone. The result of the two attention modules provides better segmentation results. The proposed model was executed on a building dataset, namely Massachusetts Building Dataset. The experimental results demonstrate the improved performance of the proposed model by increasing the mIoU by 0.47% on the dataset, respectively as compared to current state-of-the-art models.
Comprehensive Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Primary Molecular Regulation Pathways Involved in Peanut under Water and Nitrogen Co-Limitation

The yield and quality of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), an oil crop planted worldwide, are often limited by drought stress (DS) and nitrogen (N) deficiency. To investigate the molecular mechanism by which peanut counteracts DS and N deficiency, we conducted comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of peanut leaves. Herein, 829 known differentially accumulated metabolites, 324 differentially expressed transcription factors, and 5294 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified under different water and N conditions. The transcriptome analysis demonstrated that drought-related DEGs were predominantly expressed in “glycolysis/gluconeogenesis” and “glycerolipid metabolism”, while N-deficiency-related DEGs were mainly expressed in starch and sucrose metabolism, as well as in the biosynthesis of amino acid pathways. The biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism of secondary metabolites accounted for a large proportion of the 1317 DEGs present in water and N co–limitation. Metabolomic analysis showed that the metabolic accumulation of these pathways was significantly dependent on the stress conditions. Additionally, the roles of metabolites and genes in these pathways, such as the biosynthesis of amino acids and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis under different stress conditions, were discussed. The results demonstrated that different genes, metabolic pathways, and metabolites were related to DS and N deficiency. Thus, this study elucidates the metabolic pathways and functional genes that can be used for the improvement of peanut resistance to abiotic stress.
Climate and variability of water vapour in the troposphere

References [1] S.C. Sherwood, R. Roca, T.M. Weckwerth, N.G. Andronova (2010), Tropospheric Water Vapour, Convection, and Climate, Reviews of Geophysics, 48,RG2001/2010 [2] K.E. Trenberth, J. Fasullo, L. Smith (2005), Trends and variability in column-integrated atmospheric water vapour, Climate Dynamics, 24:741-758, DOI 10.1007/s00382-0050017-4 [3]M. Bevis, S. Businger, T.A. Herring, C. Rocken, R.A. Athens, R.H. Ware (1992), GPS Meteorology: Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Water Vapor Using the Global Positioning System, Journal of Geophysical Research, VOL.97 [4] The Invention and Development of the Radiosonde, with a Catalog of Upper Atmospheric Telemetering Probes in the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution J.L. DuBois, R.P. Multhauf, C. A. Ziegler, Smithsonian Institution Press, 2002 [5]Handbook of Meteorological Instruments (Part 2: Instruments for upper air observations), HMSO, 1961 [6]SPARC Assessment of Upper Tropospheric and Stratospheric Water Vapour (2000), D. Kley, J.M. Russell III, C. Philips, Stratospheric Processes And their Role in the Climate (SPARC) , WCRP-113,WMO/TD-No.1043, SPARC Report No.2 [7] Vaisala Radiosonde RS92 Release Test results available from: http://www.wmo. int/pages/prog/www/IMOP/meetings/Upper-Air/Systems-Intercomp/Doc3-4(1)Vaisala.pdf [8] Correction of Vaisala RS92 Raiosonde Humidity Measurements (2010), L.M. Miloshevich [9]Development and Validation of a Time-Lag Correction for Vaisala Radiosonde Humidity Measurements (2004), L.M. Miloshevich, A. Paukkunen, H. Vomel, S.J. Oltmans, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, Vol 21 [10]Accuracy assessment and correction of Vaisala RS92 Radiosonde water vapour measurements (2009), L.M. Miloshevich, H. Vomel, D.N. Whiteman, T. Leblanc, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114, D11305, doi:10.1029/2008JD011565, 2009 [11]Comparison of microwave satellite humidity data and radiosonde profiles: A case study (2004), S.A. Buehler, M. Kuvatov, V.O. John, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, D13103, doi:10.1029/2004JD004605, 2004 Water vapour is a key greenhouse gas within the atmosphere which influences (directly and indirectly) the radiative balance of the Earth as well as surface fluxes and soil moisture. It is sufficiently abundant and short lived that it is essentially under natural control [1], with a predominant capacity for positive feedback making it critical for climate studies [2]. The role of tropospheric water vapour in atmospheric processes extends over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, from the global climate to micrometeorology[3].
The Residual Ice Cap of Planum Australe, Mars: New Insights from the HRSC Experiment

Introduction: This abstract reports on new HRSC-based geologic mapping of the Late Amazonian south polar residual ice cap (RIC) deposits that mantle Planum Australe, Mars. Geologic Setting: Planum Australe is composed of the south polar layered deposits (SPLD) that rest unconformably on Hesperian and Noachian-age material. The SPLD are <100 Ma [1-2] and are divided into the Planum Australe 1 and 2 units (units Aa 1 and Aa 2 , respectively) by [3]. Unit Aa 1 comprises most of the volume of the SPLD (total thickness ~3.5 km) and is mainly exposed along the cap margins and within canyon and trough walls, whereas unit Aa 2 (total thickness ~300 m) unconformably mantles unit Aa 1 , and is largely preserved only on spiral trough floors, plateau tops, and within Argentea Planum. The RIC unconformably mantles units Aa 1 and Aa 2 , thus forming the youngest sequences within the ice cap [e.g., 4]. The largest extent of RIC is centered within Aus-trale Mensa, the dome-shaped central cap region of Planum Australe (Fig. 1). The RIC forms high-albedo deposits that are covered by CO 2 frost year round. The SPLD and RIC apparently formed by deposition of CO 2 and H 2 O ice precipitates and atmospheric dust [e.g., 4 – 5]. THEMIS temperature and TES data indicate that the RIC's CO 2 content is limited to its pitted " Swiss cheese " sequence [6]. Results: The mapping results are shown in Fig. 1. Following the mapping conventions of [3], the RIC material is designated as the Planum Australe 3 unit (unit Aa 3). As seen within the unit Aa 3 type locality in Figure 2, the Planum Australe 3 unit is comprised of a lower sequence consisting of 6-7 layers that is unconformably mantled by the " Swiss cheese " material that is here defined as the unit Aa 3 upper sequence. The layers of the unit Aa 3 lower sequence exhibit uniform thicknesses (total thickness is ~300 m) and conformable bedding contacts indicative of a period of continuous deposition; the contacts are traceable for 10s to ~200 km. The upper sequence is <10 m thick. The unit Aa 3 lower sequence exhibits a low-to-intermediate albedo in contrast to the high albedo of the upper sequence (Fig. 2). The albedo contrast likely indicates a higher dust component within the unit Aa 3 lower sequence. Within Australe Mensa, unit Aa 3 …
Nestin overexpression reduces the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to trastuzumab

Background Trastuzumab (TRA) shows significant efficacy in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive gastric cancer (GC). While TRA can help treat HER2-positive breast cancer, TRA resistance is a key clinical challenge. Nestin reportedly regulates the cellular redox homeostasis in lung cancer. This study aimed at identifying the functions of Nestin on the TRA sensitivity of HER2-positive GC cells. Methods Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting (WB) were performed to explore the association between the mRNA and protein expression profiles, respectively, of Nestin and the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. The influence of Nestin overexpression on the in vitro sensitivity of GC cells to TRA was explored by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection, and flow cytometry. Results TRA treatment caused Nestin downregulation in two HER2-positive GC cell lines (MKN45 and NCI-N87). Nestin overexpression reduced the sensitivity of GC cells to TRA. The expression and activity of Nrf2 and relevant downstream antioxidant genes were increased by Nestin overexpression. Nestin overexpression also significantly suppressed TRA-induced apoptosis and ROS generation. In vivo tumor growth experiment with female BALB/c nude mice indicated that Nestin upregulation restored the tumor growth rate which was inhibited by TRA treatment. Conclusions Collectively, the inhibitory effect of Nestin on the TRA sensitivity of cells to TRA was confirmed in this study. These results imply that the antioxidant Nestin-Nrf2 axis may play a role in the mechanism underlying the resistance of GC cells to TRA.
Orbital Exenteration for Craniofacial Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Patient Characteristics and Survival Outcomes

Simple Summary Notwithstanding its disfiguring nature, orbital exenteration (OE) has been employed as a surgical intervention for craniofacial lesions, especially in cases of advanced or recurrent tumors. There is a dearth of large studies investigating the clinical and survival outcomes of this procedure. Our study aims to review the literature on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent OE. In the univariable analysis, we found that a positive surgical margin after OE was significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS). Conversely, sex, tumor recurrence, type of OE, and tumor histopathology were not found to exert significant effects on OS. Abstract Background: The outcomes of orbital exenteration (OE) in patients with craniofacial lesions (CFLs) remain unclear. The present review summarizes the available literature on the clinical outcomes of OE, including surgical outcomes and overall survival (OS). Methods: Relevant articles were retrieved from Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane according to PRISMA guidelines. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes. Results: A total of 33 articles containing 957 patients who underwent OE for CFLs were included (weighted mean age: 64.3 years [95% CI: 59.9–68.7]; 58.3% were male). The most common lesion was squamous cell carcinoma (31.8%), and the most common symptom was disturbed vision/reduced visual acuity (22.5%). Of the patients, 302 (31.6%) had total OE, 248 (26.0%) had extended OE, and 87 (9.0%) had subtotal OE. Free flaps (33.3%), endosseous implants (22.8%), and split-thickness skin grafts (17.2%) were the most used reconstructive methods. Sino-orbital or sino-nasal fistula (22.6%), flap or graft failure (16.9%), and hyperostosis (13%) were the most reported complications. Regarding tumor recurrences, 38.6% were local, 32.3% were distant, and 6.7% were regional. The perineural invasion rate was 17.4%, while the lymphovascular invasion rate was 5.0%. Over a weighted mean follow-up period of 23.6 months (95% CI: 13.8–33.4), a weighted overall mortality rate of 39% (95% CI: 28–50%) was observed. The 5-year OS rate was 50% (median: 61 months [95% CI: 46–83]). The OS multivariable analysis did not show any significant findings. Conclusions: Although OE is a disfiguring procedure with devastating outcomes, it is a viable option for carefully selected patients with advanced CFLs. A patient-tailored approach based on tumor pathology, extension, and overall patient condition is warranted.
Syddansk Universitet Physical activity, sedentary behavior and long-term cardiovascular risk in young people A review and discussion of methodology in prospective studies

The long-term effects of physical activity (PA) or sedentary behavior on cardiovascular health in young people are not well understood. In this study, we use a narrative format to review the evidence for a prospective association with adiposity and other well-established biological cardiovascular risk factors in healthy young people, considering only studies with at least 2 years of follow-up. PA appears to elicit a long-term beneficial effect on adiposity and particularly markers of cardiovascular health. With adiposity, however, a few studies also reported that higher levels of PA were associated with higher levels of adiposity. Time spent sedentary does not appear to be related to adiposity or markers of cardiovascular health independent of PA. We then discuss the uncertainties in the underlying causal chain and consider a number of alternative modeling strategies, which could improve our understanding of the relationship in future studies. Finally, we consider the current methodology for assessing PA and sedentary time. © 2016 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Green Social Media Campaigns: Influencing Consumers’ Attitudes and Behaviors

The main aim of this research was to shed light on the influence of social media campaigns on consumers’ attitudes toward green tourism, aligning with sustainable consumer behavior. However, the prior literature explored the campaign characteristics and perceived usefulness of attitudes toward green consumption that translate into green consumer behavior. Data were collected from four hundred social media users, and the confirmatory factor was used to measure their reliability and validity. Hypotheses were measured through structural equation modeling. This research suggested that managers should consider campaign characteristics such as informativeness and persuasiveness to develop positive attitudes toward green tourism. Moreover, researchers should focus on social media campaign characteristics and perceived usefulness as antecedents of consumers’ attitudes toward green tourism.
Additive Engineering: A Route Towards Flexible and Robust Perovskite Solar Cells

The record performance reached by metal halide perovskite in solar cells in a very short time calls for a real word application, however, several major intrinsic limitations need to be solved before the technological maturation can be reached. The intrinsic instability, the poor control of perovskite materials' properties deposited via wet processing, and the intrinsic mechanical fragility of the polycrystalline films are the among the most relevant issue. Herein, the use of polymeric additive has been investigated as a mean to gaining a control over the processing and improving the perovskite material stability to the environmental factors, eventually to developing perovskite inks compatible with large area solar cells manufacturing. Several polymers were evaluated based on their solubility and compatibility with perovskite precursors solutions. Among all, starch polysaccharide has been selected since it can induce a convenient viscosity modulation that make perovskite precursors' inks with different printing techniques. Importantly, starch can also enhance perovskite materials mechanical strength and tolerance to thermal stress.