Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Culturally responsive mathematics education

Foreword, Ubiratan D'Ambrosio Acknowledgments Introduction, Brian Greer, Swapna Mukhopadhyay, Sharon Nelson-Barber, and Arthur B. Powell Part I: Foundations and Backgrounds 1. Culture and the Development of Mathematics: An Historical Perspective, Frank J. Swetz 2. New Philosophy of Mathematics: Implications for Mathematics Education, Paul Ernest 3. An Ethnomathematical Perspective on Culturally Responsive Mathematics Education, Swapna Mukhopadhyay, Arthur B. Powell and Marilyn Frankenstein 4. Seeing With Many Eyes: Connections Between Anthropology and Mathematics, Jim Barta and Mary E. Brenner 5. What Mathematics Teachers Need to Know about Culture and Language, Judit Moschkovich and Sharon Nelson-Barber 6. The Politics of Mathematics Education in the United States: Dominant and Counter Agendas, Eric Gutstein 7. Conceptions of Assessment of Mathematical Proficiency and their Implications for Cultural Diversity, Dalton Miller-Jones and Brian Greer Part II: Teaching and Learning 8. Preparing Culturally Responsive Mathematics Teachers, Geneva Gay 9. Mathematics Literacy and Liberation: Reframing Mathematics Education for African American Children, Danny Bernard Martin and Ebony O. McGee 10. Culturally Responsive Mathematics Education in the Algebra Project, Robert Moses, Mary Maxwell West and Frank E. Davis 11. A Two-Way Process for Developing Effective Culturally Based Math: Examples from Math in a Cultural Context, Jerry Lipka, Evelyn Yanez, Dora Andrew-Ihrke and Shehenaz Adam 12. Native-American Analogues to the Cartesian Coordinate System, Ron Eglash 13. Privileging Mathematics and Equity in Teacher Education: Framework, Counter-Resistance Strategies and Reflections from a Latina Mathematics Educator, Julia M. Aguirre 14. Latina Mothers' Perceptions about the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics: Implications for Parental Participation, Marta Civil and Beatriz Quintos 15. Culturally Responsive College Level Mathematics, Mark K. Davis, Shandy Hauk and M. Paul Latiolais Index
Does the Rewarmed Heart Restore the Myocardial Proteome to That of the Pre-Cooled State?--A Proteomic Analysis of Surgical Samples.

BACKGROUND Hypothermia is utilized in cardiac and aortic surgery to protect organs from ischemic reperfusion injury. Although the cooled body is invariably rewarmed after the procedure, it is still unknown whether the rewarmed body regains its former biological state. This study determined the modulatory effects of hypothermia on the human myocardial proteome and whether subsequent rewarming restores the proteome to the state prior to cooling. METHODSANDRESULTS A quantitative proteomic analysis was performed using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification labeling tandem mass spectrometry. Right atrial samples were taken 3 times (pre, during and post cooling) during deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) from 8 patients with aortic arch aneurysms and 3 corresponding time points during normothermic CPB from 8 patients with ascending aortic or valsalva aneurysms. In total, 697 proteins were identified, with 222 proteins having high protein confidence. Bioinformatic analyses revealed significant downregulation of 19 proteins associated with energy production at hypothermic cardioplegic arrest. On rewarmed beating, 10 proteins remained downregulated, including those regulating cardiac contraction and adaptor proteins, although levels of the aforementioned 19 downregulated proteins returned to their initial values. Additional echocardiographic evaluation demonstrated that hypothermia preserved the variables of diastolic function to a greater extent than normothermic surgery. CONCLUSIONS Rewarming restores the human myocardial proteome to the pre-cooled state, except for proteins regulating cardiac contraction and adaptor proteins.
APRIORI BASED APPROACH for SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION MINING

Software is often built without specificatioon. Specification mining is a machine learning approach for discovering formal specifications of the protocols that code must obey when interacting with an application program interface or abstract data type. There has been much work on reverse engineering or mining software specifications using dynamic analysis techniques; i.e., analysis of software program traces. Mining software specifications is a task of finding the full set of specifications that satisfy a minimum support in a specification database. Studies have shown that program comprehension takes up to 45% of software development costs. These high costs are caused by the lack of documented specification and further aggravated by the phenomenon of software evolution. Lack of documented software specifications also causes difficulty in testing or verifying the correctness of a software system. So, there is a need to extract specifications to aid program comprehension. In this paper a novel technique to efficiently mine software specifications, called TraceMiner is proposed which mines software specifications from program execution traces. A case study on CVS protocol on Jakarta's Commons Net confirms the usefulness of mined traces.
Presence of menarche is associated with high depressive symptoms and cortisol levels in adolescent girls

It has been proposed that onset and/or earlier age at menarche confer greater vulnerability to depressive symptoms by increasing reactivity of menarcheal girls to stressors associated with adolescence. In the present study, we measured depressive symptoms and salivary cortisol levels in 198 boys and 142 girls (11 -13 years) tested four times during their first year of transition into high school, a period known to be associated with stress among adolescents. Results showed that girls who had reached menarche before transition to high school presented significantly higher depressive symptoms and salivary cortisol levels across the school year when compared to girls who had not reached menarche, who presented higher depressive scores than boys. When we divided menarcheal girls as a function of menarcheal timing, we found that girls with early menarche presented constant depressive symptoms across the school year while girls with ontime menarche presented transient depressive symptoms. Altogether, these results show that onset of menarche is associated with high depressive symptoms and cortisol levels in adolescent girls going through the stress of high school transition and they suggest that early menarche may confer greater vulnerability to depression due to long-term exposure of the developing brain to high cortisol levels.
Expression of interferon inducible protein-10 in pancreas of mice.

AIM To investigate the expression of interferon inducible protein-10 (IP-10) in pancreas of mice and to discuss its possible role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. METHODS Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were used as experiment group and BALB/c mice as non-diabetic prone model. Immunohistochemistry method was used to evaluate the expression of IP-10 in the pancreas of NOD mice and BALB/c mice. Immunoelectron microscope was used to show the location of IP-10 in pancreatic islet beta cells. RESULTS Pancreatic islets were positively stained in all the NOD mice. Insulitis could be found in mice at the age of 4 wk. The weakly positive results were found in control group with no insulitis. Immunoelectron microscopy further demonstrated that IP-10 was produced by pancreatic beta cells and stored in cytoplasm of the cells. CONCLUSION IP-10 can be largely produced in pancreatic islets of NOD mice at the age of 2 wk when there is no significant insulitis, and may play an important part in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes by attracting immune cells to infiltrate the pancreatic islets.
Extended-release epidural morphine (DepoDur™): review and safety analysis

Extended-release epidural morphine (EREM) provides effective postoperative analgesia for 48 h following injection. It is administered as a single bolus into the lumbar epidural space, and is indicated for lower abdominal and lower extremity surgery associated with moderate-to-severe pain. While its efficacy has been well documented in randomized controlled trials, the safety and clinically appropriate dosing are less well defined. A meta-analysis approach was used to assess the adverse effects of EREM (n = 801) in comparison with intravenous opioids and standard epidural morphine. EREM 15 mg or greater was associated with a trend towards a higher incidence of hypoventilation (odds ratio: 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21–1.09; p = 0.081; number-needed-to-treat [NNT] = 14) compared with placebo. The incidence of pruritus was significantly higher for all EREM doses compared with both placebo (p = 0.004) and standard epidural morphine (p = 0.03). Vomiting was also increased with EREM 15 mg or greater compared with placebo (odds ratio: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.18–0.89; p = 0.02; NNT = 5). A multimodal analgesic regime is recommended to permit the use of lower EREM doses, thus reducing the risk for adverse effects including respiratory depression. Prophylactic time-contingent antiemetics are also recommended when EREM is used.
Adaptive continuous media applications in mobile computing environments

This paper presents a new framework for building continuous media applications in a mobile computing environment. In a mobile computing environment, network bandwidth and machine configurations may be changed dramatically, and mobile applications should be adapted to various operational environments for efficient execution. In our framework, an application is partitioned into two pieces. One piece runs on a mobile computer such as a notebook computer and a PDA, and another piece runs on a stationary computer. They are connected by several types of wireless networks that can be replaced at any time while applications run. The piece on a stationary computer is called a service proxy. The service proxy filters or caches data from servers on the Internet before transmitting the data to the piece on a mobile computer. These two pieces are constructed by composing small objects. The composition of objects can be dynamically reconfigured by adding or removing replaceable devices transparently from users.
Characterisation of food contact non-stick coatings containing TiO2 nanoparticles and study of their possible release into food

ABSTRACT Novel nanoparticles containing non-stick coatings have been developed for food contact applications such as frying pans. Possible release of nanoparticles from such coatings into food is not known. In this paper, the characterisation of commercially available non-stick coatings was performed by use of FTIR, electron and optical microscopy, EDXS and XRD analysis. Characterisation revealed that the coatings contained micron- and nanosized rutile TiO2 particles, and quartz SiO2 embedded in a silicone polymer matrix. In order to estimate possible migration of TiO2 nanoparticles from coatings into food, migration tests into simulants (deionised water, 3% acetic acid and 5 g l–1 citric acid) were performed (2 h at 100°C), and thermal and mechanical degradation of the matrix was studied. Simulants were analysed by ICP-MS after ultrafiltration and by microwave-assisted digestion. The concentration of titanium-containing particles that migrated into simulants was up to 861 µg l–1 (147 µg dm–2). Titanium was present in simulants in ionic form as well. The presence of TiO2 nanoparticles in 3% acetic acid was confirmed by SEM-EDXS analysis. Thermal stability study (TG/DSC MS analysis) did not show degradation of the matrix under foreseeable conditions of use, but mechanical degradation studies (scratch and tribological testing) showed possible release (microgram quantities per punched sample) of titanium-containing nanoparticles. The matrix degradation results were confirmed by observations of the morphology of the same type of coatings actually used for food preparation. Dissolution from the surface and matrix degradation can both contribute to nanoparticles release from this type of non-stick food contact coatings. Graphical Abstract
Biotransformation in Double-Phase Systems: Physiological Responses of Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1E to a Double Phase Made of Aliphatic Alcohols and Biosynthesis of Substituted Catechols

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas putida strain DOT-T1E is highly tolerant to organic solvents, with a logPow (the logarithm of the partition coefficient of a solvent in a two-phase water-octanol system of ≥2.5. Solvent tolerant microorganisms can be exploited to develop double-phase (organic solvent and water) biotransformation systems in which toxic substrates or products are kept in the organic phase. We tested P. putida DOT-T1E tolerance to different aliphatic alcohols with a logPow value between 2 and 4, such as decanol, nonanol, and octanol, which are potentially useful in biotransformations in double-phase systems in which compounds with a logPow around 1.5 are produced. P. putida DOT-T1E responds to aliphatic alcohols as the second phase through cis-to-trans isomerization of unsaturated cis fatty acids and through efflux of these aliphatic alcohols via a series of pumps that also extrude aromatic hydrocarbons. These defense mechanisms allow P. putida DOT-T1E to survive well in the presence of high concentrations of the aliphatic alcohols, and growth with nonanol or decanol occurred at a high rate, whereas in the presence of an octanol double-phase growth was compromised. Our results support that the logPow of aliphatic alcohols correlates with their toxic effects, as octanol (logPow = 2.9) has more negative effects in P. putida cells than 1-nonanol (logPow = 3.4) or 1-decanol (logPow = 4). A P. putida DOT-T1E derivative bearing plasmid pWW0-xylE::Km transforms m-xylene (logPow = 3.2) into 3-methylcatechol (logPow = 1.8). The amount of 3-methylcatechol produced in an aliphatic alcohol/water bioreactor was 10- to 20-fold higher than in an aqueous medium, demonstrating the usefulness of double-phase systems for this particular biotransformation.
A comparison between three physiotherapy approaches with regard to health-related factors in patients with non-specific musculoskeletal disorders

Purpose : The main aim of this study was to compare the effects of Body Awareness Therapy (BAT), the Feldenkrais (FK) method and conventional physiotherapy on changes of health-related quality of life (HRQL), self-efficacy and sense of coherence (SOC) in patients with non-specific musculoskeletal disorders. A second aim was to explore the relationships between SOC, HRQL and self-efficacy and to examine whether SOC could be a predictor of the treatment outcome. Method : A total of 78 patients, 64 women and 14 men, were recruited consecutively to the three treatment groups. The instrument used were the Swedish version of SF-36, the 20 items Arthritis Self-efficacy Scale and the 29-item questionnaire by Antonovsky. Results : The results showed that there were significant improvements on all subscales of SF-36 except for one. By using effect-size values it was found that the BAT and FK groups reached larger effect-size than did the conventional therapy group. These two groups also improved in self-efficacy of pain and stayed stable while the third group deteriorated at the one-year follow-up. There were significant correlations between the mental dimensions of SF-36 and SOC indicating that the instruments may measure aspects of the same global construct. Conclusions : Although few significant differences between the three treatment groups the BAT and FK seemed to improve health-related quality of life and self-efficacy of pain to a somewhat higher degree than the conventional physiotherapy. SOC seemed to be a stable trait measure over time.
Observational-Interventional Priors for Dose-Response Learning

Controlled interventions provide the most direct source of information for learning causal effects. In particular, a dose-response curve can be learned by varying the treatment level and observing the corresponding outcomes. However, interventions can be expensive and time-consuming. Observational data, where the treatment is not controlled by a known mechanism, is sometimes available. Under some strong assumptions, observational data allows for the estimation of dose-response curves. Estimating such curves nonparametrically is hard: sample sizes for controlled interventions may be small, while in the observational case a large number of measured confounders may need to be marginalized. In this paper, we introduce a hierarchical Gaussian process prior that constructs a distribution over the dose-response curve by learning from observational data, and reshapes the distribution with a nonparametric affine transform learned from controlled interventions. This function composition from different sources is shown to speed-up learning, which we demonstrate with a thorough sensitivity analysis and an application to modeling the effect of therapy on cognitive skills of premature infants.
[Arterial hypertension in childhood].

OBJECTIVE To critically review recent medical literature, focusing on practical features that are relevant for diagnosis and outpatient treatment of pediatric hypertension. SOURCES Classic articles and systematic review of recent literature through electronic search of Medline and Lilacs databases over the last 10 years, using the key words arterial hypertension, newborns, infants, preschool, children and adolescents. Those articles containing relevant information were selected. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS Arterial hypertension and obesity are public health problems all over the world. Essential arterial hypertension in adults begins in childhood and can also be secondary to several diseases. Pediatricians must measure the arterial pressure of the patients in a proper manner. When arterial hypertension is detected, it must be investigated in order to be adequately treated. The investigation depends on the age and the rising degree of the arterial pressure, taking into consideration the cause of hypertension, as well as its effects on target organs. CONCLUSIONS The early recognition of an abnormal arterial pressure followed by adequate investigation and treatment are required to reduce the cardiovascular and renal morbidity/mortality.
Serum Proteins Modified by Neutrophil-Derived Oxidants as Mediators of Neutrophil Stimulation1

Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) released during inflammation may act as important mediators of neutrophil effector functions. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of ROI generation on neutrophil adhesion molecule regulation and degranulation. Induction of the neutrophil oxidative burst via Fcγ receptor cross-linking was accompanied by up-regulation of neutrophil surface CD11b, CD35, and CD66b only in the presence of selected serum proteins, such as purified human C4, C5, or human serum albumin (HSA). Scavenging of ROI attenuated protein-dependent receptor regulations. Moreover, exogenous hydrogen peroxide was effective to increase neutrophil CD11b expression in a protein-dependent way. HSA exposed to neutrophil-derived ROI displayed signs of oxidative modification in terms of carbonyl formation. Such modified HSA transferred to resting neutrophils bound readily to the cell surface and effected receptor modulation as well as cellular spreading. In contrast, neither native HSA nor HSA protected against oxidation by the tocopherol analog Trolox exhibited agonistic properties. In conclusion, we demonstrate that neutrophil-derived ROI modify selected serum proteins, which, in turn, act as proinflammatory mediators of neutrophil stimulation.
DOMCAT: A Bilingual Concordancer for Domain-Specific Computer Assisted Translation

In this paper, we propose a web-based bilingual concordancer, DOMCAT, for domain-specific computer assisted translation. Given a multi-word expression as a query, the system involves retrieving sentence pairs from a bilingual corpus, identifying translation equivalents of the query in the sentence pairs (translation spotting) and ranking the retrieved sentence pairs according to the relevance between the query and the translation equivalents. To provide high-precision translation spotting for domain-specific translation tasks, we exploited a normalized correlation method to spot the translation equivalents. To ranking the retrieved sentence pairs, we propose a correlation function modified from the Dice coefficient for assessing the correlation between the query and the translation equivalents. The performances of the translation spotting module and the ranking module are evaluated in terms of precision-recall measures and coverage rate respectively.
The Love/Hate Relationship with the C Preprocessor: An Interview Study

The C preprocessor has received strong criticism in academia, among others regarding separation of concerns, error proneness, and code obfuscation, but is widely used in practice. Many (mostly academic) alternatives to the preprocessor exist, but have not been adopted in practice. Since developers continue to use the preprocessor despite all criticism and research, we ask how practitioners perceive the C preprocessor. We performed interviews with 40 developers, used grounded theory to analyze the data, and cross-validated the results with data from a survey among 202 developers, repository mining, and results from previous studies. In particular, we investigated four research questions related to why the preprocessor is still widely used in practice, common problems, alternatives, and the impact of undisciplined annotations. Our study shows that developers are aware of the criticism the C preprocessor receives, but use it nonetheless, mainly for portability and variability. Many developers indicate that they regularly face preprocessor-related problems and preprocessor-related bugs. The majority of our interviewees do not see any current C-native technologies that can entirely replace the C preprocessor. However, developers tend to mitigate problems with guidelines, even though those guidelines are not enforced consistently. We report the key insights gained from our study and discuss implications for practitioners and researchers on how to better use the C preprocessor to minimize its negative impact.
Design and implementation of a sensor network system for vehicle tracking and autonomous interception

We describe the design and implementation of PEG, a networked system of distributed sensor nodes that detects an uncooperative agent called the evader and assists an autonomous robot called the pursuer in capturing the evader. PEG requires embedded network services such as leader election, routing, network aggregation, and closed loop control. Instead of using general purpose distributed system solutions for these services, we employ whole-system analysis and rely on spatial and physical properties to create simple and efficient mechanisms. We believe this approach advances sensor network design, yielding pragmatic solutions that leverage physical properties to simplify design of embedded distributed systems. We deployed PEG on a 400 square meter field using 100 sensor nodes, and successfully intercepted the evader in all runs. We confronted practical issues such as node breakage, packaging decisions, in situ debugging, network reprogramming, and system reconfiguration. We discuss the approaches we took to cope with these issues and share our experiences in deploying a realistic outdoor sensor network system.