Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 76–84 GHz SiGe Power Amplifier Array Employing Low-Loss Four-Way Differential Combining Transformer

This paper presents holistic design of a novel four-way differential power-combining transformer for use in millimeter-wave power-amplifier (PA). The combiner with an inner radius of 25 μm exhibits a record low insertion loss of 1.25 dB at 83.5 GHz. It is designed to simultaneously act as a balanced-to-unbalanced converter, removing the need for additional BALUNs typically required in differential circuits. A complete circuit comprised of a power splitter, two-stage differential cascode PA array, a power combiner as well as input and output matching elements was designed and realized in SiGe technology with fT/fmax 170/250 GHz. Measured small-signal gain of at least 16.8 dB was obtained from 76.4 to 85.3 GHz with a peak 19.5 dB at 83 GHz. The prototype delivered 12.5 dBm output referred 1 dB compression point and 14 dBm saturated output power when operated from a 3.2 V dc supply voltage at 78 GHz.
2 Regularization Methods for Grouped Variable Selection

In this study, we consider several regularization path algorithms with grouped variable selection for modeling gene-interactions. When fitting with categorical factors, including the genotype measurements, we often define a set of dummy variables that represent a single factor/interaction of factors. Yuan & Lin (2006) proposed the groupLars and the group-Lasso methods through which these groups of indicators can be selected simultaneously. Here we introduce another version of group-Lars. In addition, we propose a path-following algorithm for the group-Lasso method applied to generalized linear models. We then use all these path algorithms, which select the grouped variables in a smooth way, to identify gene-interactions affecting disease status in an example. We further compare their performances to that of L2 penalized logistic regression with forward stepwise variable selection discussed in Park & Hastie (2006b).
Mitochondrial MTHFD2L Is a Dual Redox Cofactor-specific Methylenetetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase/Methenyltetrahydrofolate Cyclohydrolase Expressed in Both Adult and Embryonic Tissues*

Background: Mitochondria produce one-carbon units for cytoplasmic nucleotide and methyl group synthesis. Results: MTHFD2L uses both NAD+ and NADP+ and is expressed in embryonic tissues during neural tube closure. Conclusion: This cofactor specificity allows for rapid response to changing metabolic conditions. Significance: These findings help explain why mammals possess two distinct mitochondrial isozymes that switch expression during neural tube closure. Mammalian mitochondria are able to produce formate from one-carbon donors such as serine, glycine, and sarcosine. This pathway relies on the mitochondrial pool of tetrahydrofolate (THF) and several folate-interconverting enzymes in the mitochondrial matrix. We recently identified MTHFD2L as the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (CH2-THF) in adult mammalian mitochondria. We show here that the MTHFD2L enzyme is bifunctional, possessing both CH2-THF dehydrogenase and 5,10-methenyl-THF cyclohydrolase activities. The dehydrogenase activity can use either NAD+ or NADP+ but requires both phosphate and Mg2+ when using NAD+. The NADP+-dependent dehydrogenase activity is inhibited by inorganic phosphate. MTHFD2L uses the mono- and polyglutamylated forms of CH2-THF with similar catalytic efficiencies. Expression of the MTHFD2L transcript is low in early mouse embryos but begins to increase at embryonic day 10.5 and remains elevated through birth. In adults, MTHFD2L is expressed in all tissues examined, with the highest levels observed in brain and lung.
Lexical and Machine Learning Approaches Toward Online Reputation Management

With the popularity of social media, people are more and more interested in mining opinions from it. Learning from social media not only has value for research, but also good for business use. RepLab 2012 had Proling task and Monitoring task to understand the company related tweets. Proling task aims to determine the Ambiguity and Po- larity for tweets. In order to determine this Ambiguity and Polarity for the tweets in RepLab 2012 Proling task, we built Google Adwords Fil- ter for Ambiguity and several approaches like SentiWordNet, Happiness Score and Machine Learning for Polarity. We achieved good performance in the training set, and the performance in test set is also acceptable.
NON-ASYMPTOTIC QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF THE LEAST SQUARES ESTIMATE

Abstract In any real-life identification problems, only a finite number of data points are available. On the other hand, almost all results in stochastic identification pertain to asymptotic properties, that is they tell us what happens when the number of data points tend to infinity. In this paper, we consider the problem of assessing the quality of non-asymptotic estimates obtained using least squares identification methods. The type of results needed in order to be useful for computing the quality of non-asymptotic estimates are first discussed. It turns out that the nature of non-asymptotic results has to be different from that of asymptotic results, since in finite time certain issues show up that disappear in the limit because of stochastic convergence. Then, we develop a method for the assessment of the estimate quality based on differences between partial estimates. If the partial estimate differences are within a small region around zero then, as it is intuitive, the estimate quality is good. On the other hand, we will have low confidence in the estimate if the differences between partial estimates are spread all over the place. The method is illustrated through a very simple example able to point out its main aspects in a clear-cut way.
Computationally efficient method for joint azimuth-elevation direction estimation with L-shaped array

For overcoming the problems of pairing failure and estimation failure, which are frequently encountered in two-dimensional (2-D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of multiple signals, we propose a new computationally efficient subspace-based based 2-D DOA estimation with automatic pair-matching method for noncoherent narrowband signals impinging on the L-shaped sensor array structured by two uniform linear arrays (ULAs). In the proposed method the computationally expensive procedures of eigendecomposition in subspace estimation and pair-matching of the estimated azimuth and elevation angles are avoided, while the problems of pairing failure and estimation failure are overcome. The statistical analysis is studied, and the closed-form expressions of the asymptotic mean-square-errors (MSEs) of the elevation and azimuth estimates are derived explicitly. Finally the effectiveness of the proposed method and the theoretical analysis are substantiated through numerical examples.
Information systems methodologies in use

Research into information systems development (ISD) methodologies is generally restricted to the creation or elaboration of methodologies or the provision of CASE support. This paper proposes that a fruitful area of research, which will provide insights into the effectiveness of ISD methodologies, must centre on the observation of the practice of systems developers, users and managers, and the study of methodologies in use. Such a programme requires certain techniques, ideally longitudinal ethnographic case studies. Preliminary results from a couple of case studies indicate that ISD methodologies are not used as prescribed but this does not necessarily prevent the successful completion of development projects.
Perception of Global Self-Esteem and Body Fat in Adolescents Engaged in Basketball

Mental and moral maturity, growth, appearance, physical skills are nowadays more and more often used as reference points of our identity and emphasized in adolescence (Harter, 1999). Development of physical self-concept’s domains (e. g. appearance, self-esteem, physical competences, etc) has been a major concern among physical activity researchers during the last decade (Fox, 2000). The study examined the relation between the separate specific domains of physical self-concept: global self-esteem (the overall positive or negative feeling about one’s self) and body fat considering age and gender in adolescents — basketball players. Global self-esteem is understood as the overall positive or negative feeling about one’s self; or generalized feelings of self-worth which are not specific to a particular situation, but which apply to many activities or areas of life and predispose the subject to view new activities in particular ways (Macek, Lacinová, 2006). And body fat — an attitude towards you body fat directly (I think my stomach is too big; I have too much fat on my body; I am overweight; etc. (Marsh et al., 1994). Our study sample consisted of 95 adolescents — basketball players (54 males and 41 females) from different sport gymnasiums and clubs in Prague and Brno (Czech Republic). The respondents were divided into two age groups (Ist — 13—15 years of age and the IInd —16—18 years of age). An ordinary Introductory Questionnaire of 20 items was compiled in order to describe the population. The questionnaire was compiled by the first author of the current study. The variables were assessed by the Physical Self Description Questionnaire (PSDQ, Marsh et al., 1994). Both questionnaires were anonymous. To ensure uniformity in the administration of the questionnaire, the same set of directions were followed each time by the same researcher. To analyze the interaction effects for our researched factors (gender and age involvement), MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance) and correlation were calculated. Significance level was chosen to be 10%. The results proved our assumption that females tended to have more negative evaluation of the body fat then males regardless of their age. The second part focused on the measures of global self-esteem. The differences in the evaluation on global self-esteem were revealed by age, but not by gender. Global self-esteem was found to be more positive in younger adolescents —basketball players — than in older players regardless of their gender (p < 0.01). Keywords: global self-esteem, body fat, adolescence, age, gender, basketball.
Longitudinal study of probable post-traumatic stress disorder in firefighters exposed to the World Trade Center disaster.

BACKGROUND Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been reported even years after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 (9/11). METHODS We used screening tools to assess the prevalence of probable PTSD in 9/11-exposed firefighters at two time points, within 6 months of 9/11 (baseline) and 3-4 years post-disaster (follow-up). RESULTS Five thousand six hundred fifty-six individuals completed assessments at both times. 15.5% reported probable PTSD post-9/11, 8.6% at baseline and 11.1% at follow-up, on average 2.9 (SD 0.5) years later. Analyses revealed that nearly half of all probable PTSD occurred as delayed onset (absent baseline, present follow-up). Compared with the resilient group (no probable PTSD at either time), probable PTSD at baseline, and delayed onset at follow-up were each associated with concomitant functional impairment (OR 19.5 and 18.9), respectively. CONCLUSION Similar percentages of firefighters met criteria for baseline and delayed onset probable PTSD at follow-up, years later. Both were associated with substantial functional impairment. Early risk identification could provide opportunities for mental health interventions before symptoms compromise work and social relationships.
Heavy smoking rate trends and related factors in Korean occupational groups: analysis of KNHANES 2007–2012 data

Objectives The present study was designed to investigate the smoking and heavy smoking trends and identify possible related factors among Korean male workers from 2007 to 2012 by occupational groups. Methods The data were derived from the fourth (2007–2009) and fifth (2010–2012) waves of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Occupational groups were categorised into three groups, which were non-manual, manual and service and sales groups. Age-adjusted prevalence rates of smoking and heavy smoking (>20 cigarettes/day) in men aged 25–64 years were calculated. Factors associated with heavy smoking were investigated using logistic regression analyses. Results Smoking rate in manual workers decreased gradually over time (p for trend <0.0001). Smoking rate was higher in manual than non-manual workers, but the difference reduced over time (p for trend <0.0001). Heavy smoking rate decreased from 2007 to 2012 (p for trend <0.0001). Heavy smoking rate was higher in manual than non-manual workers; however, this difference increased over time. Stress, depressive mood and long working hours (≥60 h/week) were associated with heavy smoking. Conclusions Antismoking policy should focus on current and heavy smokers. Workplace antismoking programmes should consider working hours and stress, especially in manual workers.
Glial endocytosis of protein in the traumatized brain

The effect of trauma on the clearance of exogenous protein from the extracellular space of the brain was examined in monkeys and rats. Manual contusion of the monkey temporal lobe or air puff contusion of the rat parietal cortex resulted in intense glial uptake of the protein marker, horseradish peroxidase (HRP). There was no evidence of punctate or diffuse material in neurons at or distant from the trauma site. Cellular uptake was evident as early as 4 hr post trauma and reached maximal expression 24 hr post injury. By 72 hr post trauma few labeled cells could be seen. The extent of the glial uptake of protein was suggested by the decrease in extracellular marker in the vicinity of the labeled cells and by calculation of the fraction of glia so labeled. Sites of labeled glia were highly localized, corresponding to regions of stress. The corpus callosum was most clearly labeled in the rat experiments. The data suggest that in cases of traumatic injury to the brain, glia may be selectively stimulated to pronounced uptake of protein marker and thus may represent a potential means of clearing the extracellular space of extravasated serum protein.
Mesenteric angiography of patients with gastrointestinal tract hemorrhages: a single center study.

PURPOSE This retrospective study was designed to investigate the transcatheter mesenteric angiography of patients with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and to determine the most important variables that should be monitored in patients with GI bleeding prior to transcatheter arteriography. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we evaluated the transcatheter mesenteric angiography results of patients with massive GI bleeding (defined as hypotension, tachycardia, and a greater than 4-unit blood transfusion requirement in 24 h) seen between 2005 and 2009. Detailed clinical follow-up and accessible hospital data from 45 procedures were examined from 42 patients (two procedures were performed in three patients) between 24 and 85 years old (mean age, 57.6 years). The present study included 33 males and 9 females. Angiography was performed for lower GI bleeding in 22 patients, upper GI bleeding in 15 patients, and upper/lower (multiple origins) GI bleeding in five patients. Imaging work-ups, including endoscopic interventions, and follow-ups with patients after the procedure were evaluated in detail. Several variables recorded prior to the procedure, including the clinical status, etiological cause of the bleeding, bleeding parameters (e.g., international normalized ratio, platelets), imaging workup, gender, season, and angiography time, were examined. RESULTS Embolization was performed in 24 (53%) of the 45 procedures. Overall, the technical success rate of the diagnostic arteriograms was 100%, and no major complications occurred. For the embolizations, coils were used in 17 patients (70%), polyvinyl alcohol particles were used in six patients (25%), and n-butyl cyano-acrylate was used in one patient (4%). The detection rate of mesenteric arteriographies to examine GI bleeding performed outside of normal working hours was significantly greater than the detection rate of the arteriographies performed during normal working hours (P = 0.050). Low platelet levels or a prolonged prothrombin time were not associated with the mesenteric arteriography results (P = 1.00). Interestingly, the intermittent nature of GI bleeding was the most challenging part of detection, which made management of the bleeding difficult. Blind embolization of the left gastric artery was only helpful in preventing massive bleeding in three out of eight patients with upper GI bleeding. CONCLUSION Endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding and scintigraphy for lower gastrointestinal bleeding are important steps in the management and outcome of transcatheter angiography. Computerized tomography angiography is a promising tool for the treatment of both upper and lower GI bleeding, and this procedure has become part of the imaging toolset. In addition, angiography performed outside of working hours had a higher rate of clinical success than the angiographies performed in working hours, most likely secondary to much appropriate timing of arteriogram in terms of critical bleeding intervals.
Protein serine/threonine kinases.

PERSPEC TIVES AND S UMMARy . 568 CYCLIC A MP -D EP END EN T PROTEIN KINASES . 568 CYCLIC G MP -D EPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE. 572 PHOSPHOR YLAS E KINAS E . 574 MYOSIN LIGH T CHAIN KINAS ES . 577 OTHER CALCI UM (CALMOD ULIN)-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINAS ES . 580 PROTEIN KINASE C. 582 H EM E-R EGULA TED PR OTEIN KINAS E . 584 D OUBLE-S TRAND ED RNA-D EPENDEN T PROTEIN KINASE . 586 PYRUVATE D EHYDROGENAS E KINAS E. 587 BRANCHED·CHAIN a K ETOACID D EHYDROGENAS E KINAS E . 589 CAS EIN KINASES I AND II . 590 RHOD OPSIN KINASE AND J3-ADR ENERGIC REC EPTOR KINAS ES . 593 HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-CoA RED UCTAS E KINAS E . 594
SciN Is an Outer Membrane Lipoprotein Required for Type VI Secretion in Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is a pathogen implicated in several infant diarrhea or diarrheal outbreaks in areas of endemicity. Although multiple genes involved in EAEC pathogenesis have been identified, the overall mechanism of virulence is not well understood. Recently, a novel secretion system, called type VI secretion (T6S) system (T6SS), has been identified in EAEC and most animal or plant gram-negative pathogens. T6SSs are multicomponent cell envelope machines responsible for the secretion of at least two putative substrates, Hcp and VgrG. In EAEC, two copies of T6S gene clusters, called sci-1 and sci-2, are present on the pheU pathogenicity island. In this study, we focused our work on the sci-1 gene cluster. The Sci-1 apparatus is probably composed of all, or a subset of, the 21 gene products encoded on the cluster. Among these subunits, some are shared by all T6SSs identified to date, including a ClpV-type AAA+ ATPase (SciG) and an IcmF (SciS) and an IcmH (SciP) homologue, as well as a putative lipoprotein (SciN). In this study, we demonstrate that sciN is a critical gene necessary for T6S-dependent secretion of the Hcp-like SciD protein and for biofilm formation. We further show that SciN is a lipoprotein, as shown by the inhibition of its processing by globomycin and in vivo labeling with [3H]palmitic acid. SciN is tethered to the outer membrane and exposed in the periplasm. Sequestration of SciN at the inner membrane by targeting the +2 residue responsible for lipoprotein localization (Gly2Asp) fails to complement an sciN mutant for SciD secretion and biofilm formation. Together, these results support a model in which SciN is an outer membrane lipoprotein exposed in the periplasm and essential for the Sci-1 apparatus function.
A polyketide macrolactone synthase from the filamentous fungus Gibberella zeae

Resorcylic acid lactones represent a unique class of fungal polyketides and display a wide range of biological activities, such as nanomolar inhibitors of Hsp90 and MAP kinase. The biosynthesis of these compounds is proposed to involve two fungal polyketide synthases (PKS) that function collaboratively to yield a 14-membered macrolactone with a resorcylate core. We report here the reconstitution of Gibberella zeae PKS13, which is the nonreducing PKS associated with zearalenone biosynthesis. Using a small molecule mimic of the natural hexaketide starter unit, we reconstituted the entire repertoire of PKS13 activities in vitro, including starter-unit selection, iterative condensation, regioselective C2–C7 cyclization, and macrolactone formation. PKS13 synthesized both natural 14-membered and previously uncharacterized 16-membered resorcylic acid lactones, indicating relaxed control in both iterative elongation and macrocyclization. PKS13 exhibited broad starter-unit specificities toward fatty acyl-CoAs ranging in sizes between C6 and C16 and displayed the highest activity toward decanoyl-CoA. PKS13 was shown to be active in Escherichia coli and synthesized numerous alkyl pyrones and alkyl resorcylic esters without exogenously supplied precursors. We demonstrated that PKS13 can interact with E. coli fatty acid biosynthetic machinery and can be primed with fatty-acyl ACPp at low-micromolar concentrations. PKS13 synthesized new polyketides in E. coli when the culture was supplemented with synthetic precursors, showcasing its utility in precursor-directed biosynthesis. PKS13 is therefore a highly versatile polyketide macrolactone synthase that is useful in the engineered biosynthesis of polyketides, including resorcylic acid lactones that are not found in nature.
Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of EDTA, EDTAC, NaOCl and MTAD on Microhardness of Human Dentin - An In-vitro Study.

AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the microhardness of human dentin by using four irrigating solutions. Materials and Methodos: A total of 40 extracted mandibular premolars were selected and sectioned horizontally in the middle third of the root. Forty specimens of 4 mm thickness were embedded in acrylic resin and polished. Four test groups, each group containing ten specimens were immersed in respective irrigating solution and subjected to vicker's microhardness test at T0, T2 and T5min. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The data obtained were analyzed using the one way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD method with ap=0.05 as the level for statistical significance. RESULTS Suggested that there was no statistically significant difference in mean values between four experimental irrigating solutions. CONCLUSION Mixture of Tetracycline isomer i.e. Doxycycline, Citric acid and a Detergent (Tween 80) MTAD not altered the microhardness of root canal dentin significantly and seems to be an appropriate irrigating solution, because of its harmless effect on the microhardness of the root canal dentin.