Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A complexity-effective simultaneous multithreading architecture

Different applications may exhibit radically different behaviors and thus have very different requirements in terms of hardware support. In simultaneous multithreading (SMT) architectures, the hardware is shared among multiple running applications in order to better profit from it. However, current architectures are designed for the common case, and try to satisfy a number of different application classes with a single design. That is, current designs are usually overdesigned for most cases, obtaining high performance, but wasting a lot of resources to do so. In this paper we present an alternative SMT architecture, the heterogeneously distributed SMT (hdSMT). Our architecture is based in a novel combination of SMT and clustering techniques in a heterogeneity-aware fashion. The hardware is designed to match the heterogeneous application behavior with the statically and heterogeneously partitioned resources. Such a design is aimed for minimizing the amount of resources wasted to achieve a given performance rate. On top of our statically partitioned architecture, we propose a heuristic policy to map threads to clusters so that each cluster matches the characteristics of the running threads and overall hardware usage is optimized. We compare our hdSMT architecture with a monolithic SMT processor, where all threads compete for the same resources, and with a homogeneous clustered SMT, where resources are statically and equally partitioned across clusters. Our results show that hdSMT architectures obtain an average improvement of 13% and 14% in optimizing performance per area over monolithic SMT and homogeneously clustered SMT respectively.
MicroRNA Transcriptome Profile Analysis in Porcine Muscle and the Effect of miR-143 on the MYH7 Gene and Protein

Porcine skeletal muscle fibres are classified based on their different physiological and biochemical properties. Muscle fibre phenotype is regulated by several independent signalling pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signalling pathways. MicroRNAs are non-coding small RNAs that regulate many biological processes. However, their function in muscle fibre type regulation remains unclear. The aim of our study was to identify miRNAs that regulate muscle fibre type during porcine growth to help understand the miRNA regulation mechanism of fibre differentiation. We performed Solexa/Illumina deep sequencing for the microRNAome during 3 muscle growth stages (63, 98 and 161 d). In this study, 271 mature miRNAs and 243 pre-miRNAs were identified. We detected 472 novel miRNAs in the muscle samples. Among the mature miRNAs, there are 23 highest expression miRNAs (over 10000 RPM), account for 85.3% of the total counts of mature miRNAs. , including 10 (43.5%) muscle-related miRNAs (ssc-miR-133a-3p, ssc-miR-486, ssc-miR-1, ssc-miR-143-3p, ssc-miR-30a-5p, ssc-miR-181a, ssc-miR-148a-3p, ssc-miR-92a, ssc-miR-21, ssc-miR-126-5p). Particularly, both ssc-miR-1 and ssc-miR-133 belong to the MyomiRs, which control muscle myosin content, myofibre identity and muscle performance. The involvement of these miRNAs in muscle fibre phenotype provides new insight into the mechanism of muscle fibre regulation underlying muscle development. Furthermore, we performed cell transfection experiment. Overexpression/inhibition of ssc-miR-143-3p in porcine skeletal muscle satellite cell induced an/a increase/reduction of the slow muscle fibre gene and protein (MYH7), indicating that miR-143 activity regulated muscle fibre differentiate in skeletal muscle. And it regulate MYH7 through the HDAC4-MEF2 pathway.
Flow Cytometry Evaluation of Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Type B

Immunophenotyping has become essential to the diagnosis and the treatment management of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). We prospectively studied minimal residual disease (MDR) in patients with B lineage ALL who achieved mCR remission. The initial series of patients consisted on 90 cases with B ALL. Sixty-Six patients had bone marrow samples adequate for MDR studies collected on day 35 of remission induction chemotherapy. Strategy of monitoring MRD is based on flow cytometry using quadruple staining according the leukaemia associated immunophenotype found at diagnosis. Data analysis was done using an EPI XL cytometer (Coulter), acquiring 500 000 events. Of the 66 patients 40 (60, 6%) had MRD � 0, 01%. B lymphoblasts of ALL may morphologically resemble to hematogones (B benign lymphocyte precursors) and their immunophentypes have similarities. Different combinations of antibodies are tested to determine which combinations are more suitable to detect B residual leukaemics cells. The results of this present study indicate that: CD10/CD38/CD19/CD45 and CD10/CD34CD19/CD45 are the more specifics and should be used to distinguish B lymphoblasts of lymphoblastic acute leukaemia from normal hematogones.
A Logical Approach to Portable High-level Robot Programming

The vast majority of mobile robotic systems have been designed to solve “one off”, unique problems, with specialized sensors, robot hardware and computation; and porting robotics software from one platform to another has always been a thorny problem. In this paper, we show how by choosing an appropriate level of abstraction, one can write hardware-independent controllers for robots that perform complex navigation and reasoning tasks. The approach is based on a logical framework that integrates reasoning, perception, and action. We also describe steps we have taken towards specifying a general interface through which our high-level programs can interact with a variety of robotic platforms. As an example, we discuss a mail delivery program that runs on both an RWI B21 and a Nomad200 system.
SHORT AND LONG RUN DECOMPOSITIONS OF OECDWAGE INQUALITY CHANGES

This paper focuses on the causes of increased wage inequality in OECD countries in recent years and its decomposition into the component factors of trade surges in low wage products and technological change that has preoccupied the trade and wages literature. It . argues that the length of production run and degree of fixity of factors is crucial in such analyses. In particular, if the observed wage inequality response to price and technology shocks reflects a short-run response in which factors and output have not adjusted fully across industries, then decomposition analysis of the causes of the observed increases in inequality is substantially altered relative to a long-run factors mobile world. This conclusion applies both when one type of labour has mobility costs and in the Ricardo-Viner case where there is an additional, sectorally immobile factor. Furthermore, only small departures from the fully mobile model can greatly change decompositions. This finding is important because most data used in earlier work are interpreted as reflective of a long-run full mobility response, when this may not be the case. Incorrect conclusions as to how trade surges and technology contribute to wage inequality can be easily drawn, if the data are in fact generated by a short-run adjustment process.
Smoking bans in psychiatric inpatient settings? A review of the research.

OBJECTIVE This paper reviews the findings from 26 international studies that report on the effectiveness of smoking bans in inpatient psychiatric settings. The main aim is to identify which processes contribute to successful implementation of smoking bans and which processes create problems for implementation in these settings. METHOD After performing an electronic search of the literature, the studies were compared for methods used, subjects involved, type of setting, type of ban, measures and processes used and overall results. Total bans were distinguished from partial bans. All known studies of smoking bans in psychiatric inpatient units from 1988 to the present were included. RESULTS Staff generally anticipated more smoking-related problems than actually occurred. There was no increase in aggression, use of seclusion, discharge against medical advice or increased use of as-needed medication following the ban. Consistency, coordination and full administrative support for the ban were seen as essential to success, with problems occurring where this was not the case. Nicotine replacement therapy was widely used by patients as part of coping with bans. However, many patients continued to smoke post-admission indicating that bans were not necessarily effective in assisting people to quit in the longer term. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of smoking bans in psychiatric inpatient settings is possible but would need to be a clearly and carefully planned process involving all parties affected by the bans. Imposing bans in inpatient settings is seen as only part of a much larger strategy needed to overcome the high rates of smoking among mental health populations.
Open Source Software in Schools

A study of the spectrum of use and related ICT infrastructure costs This report records work that Becta has done with schools which have implemented a range of open source software (OSS) solutions. This project, funded by the DfES, was one of an interrelated series, all looking at ways of helping schools make effective and sustainable use of ICT by exploring the total cost of ownership (TCO) of their ICT infrastructure. The project started with a pre-existing set of 33 non-OSS primary and secondary schools that had agreed to take part in more general TCO work. Becta used existing OSS contacts and websites to identify a number of additional schools that were already using OSS, and invited them to take part in the project. Fifteen of these schools agreed to participate within the project timescales. While both sets contained a range of schools in a variety of settings, they were not selected to be matched sets or to be more widely representative, and four schools were members of a mutually supportive cluster. They therefore represent opportunity samples. The details of the OSS schools' ICT-related expenditure were compared with those of schools that are not using such software. Further contextual information from eight case study schools is also provided, and explores the nature of the range of implementations, the effect the choice of implementation may have on cost, and how staff and pupils feel about using OSS. The project has produced three related publications: • The project report, which outlines the use of open source software in the project schools and related infrastructure costs • A case study report containing details of how eight of the schools in the project implemented open source solutions • An information sheet summarising the findings of the project.
High-speed highly-linear CMOS S/H circuit

This paper describes the high-speed and highly-linear CMOS sample/hold circuit that was used in front end of an ADC. The architecture of sample/hold based on an open-loop structure that enables it operates in high speed. The sample/hold consists of highly linear open-loop buffer and bootstrapped switch. Spice simulation with 0.35-um CMOS BSIM3v3 model parameters showed the SNDR (signal to noise-distortion ratio) more than 72 dB and 64 dB for 20 MHz and 50 MHz 1 Vp-p sinusoidal inputs respectively at 200 MS/s with 3.1 mW power consumption.
Baseline MxA mRNA Expression Predicts Interferon Beta Response in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) is a molecule induced after interferon-beta injection, mostly used to evaluate its bioactivity. There is little available data on clinical utility of baseline MxA mRNA status. The objective of the study is to investigate whether baseline MxA mRNA expression can predict relapse and disease progression in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon-beta. Methods Baseline blood samples were obtained before the first interferon-beta dose was administered to evaluate MxA mRNA expression using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Demographic and clinical variables were prospectively recorded to define treatment responder and non responder groups. Results 104 patients were included in the study. Baseline MxA mRNA expression was significantly lower in the group of patients who met the definition of responders (1.07 vs 1.95, Student t test, p<0.0001). A threshold of 1.096 was established using Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis to differentiate between responders and non-responders (sensitivity 73.9%, specificity 69.0%). Survival analysis using this threshold showed that time to next relapse (p<0.0001) and to EDSS progression (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in patients with lower MxA titers. Conclusion The results suggest that baseline MxA mRNA levels may be useful for predicting whether multiple sclerosis patients will respond or not to interferon-beta treatment.
Notice of RetractionExplorations of Improvisational Learning in Innovation

As an organizational learning mode, improvisation has some unique advantages in creating novel and unanticipateed activities which is an important source of innovation. In the process of innovation the excellence of improvisation rest with the creation of novel activities and settlement of the emergent problems. And the shortage consists in the knowledge accumulation for future innovation because of the weak relation between learning activities and desired outcome. For the sake of its own characteristics, improvisation could exert its role significantly in some environmental conditions and weakly in some others. In order to use improvisation efficiently and effectively, corporations should change the duration and frequency of improvisation applied under different circumstances. The paper discuss how improvisation in innovation evolved as conditions varied from two dimensions which include environmental uncertainty and organizational age. A model was followed to conclude the distinction between different conditions.
Toward a Dynamic Learning Perspective of Entrepreneurship

This conceptual article introduces a dynamic learning perspective of entrepreneurship that builds upon existing “dominant” theoretical approaches to understanding entrepreneurial activity. As many aspects of entrepreneurial learning remain poorly understood, this article maps out and extends current boundaries of thinking regarding how entrepreneurs learn. It presents key conclusions from emergent empirical and conceptual work on the subject and synthesizes a broad range of contributory adult, management, and individual learning literature to develop a robust and integrated thematic conceptualization of entrepreneurial learning. Three distinctive, interrelated elements of entrepreneurial learning are proposed—dynamic temporal phases, interrelated processes, and overarching characteristics. The article concludes by demonstrating how a “learning lens” can be applied to create further avenues for research in entrepreneurship from a learning perspective.
Model-based adaptive pre-processing of speech for enhanced intelligibility in noise and reverberation

In this demonstrator we present the most recent advances in the development of the near-end listening enhancement algorithm AdaptDRC. The algorithm uses short-time estimates of the speech intelligibility index to control spectral shaping, dynamic range compression and/or level adjustment to achieve an adaptive enhancement of speech intelligibility in adverse listening conditions. Depending on the application scenario, the algorithm framework can take background noise and reverberation as well as different boundary conditions into account. The show and tell contribution comprises a real-time setup of the algorithm to demonstrate the sound modifications and the impact of the different parameters and boundary conditions. An accompanying poster shows results of formal listening tests evaluating the speech intelligibility improvement achieved by the algorithm for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Index Terms: speech intelligibility, noise, reverberation, nearend listening enhancement
Ranibizumab Monotherapy or Combined with Laser versus Laser Monotherapy for Diabetic Macular Edema: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Objective To evaluate the relative efficacy of ranibizumab (RBZ) monotherapy or combined with laser (RBZ + Laser) versus laser monotherapy for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods A comprehensive literature search using PUBMED, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Library to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing RBZ or RBZ + Laser to laser monotherapy in patients with DME. Efficacy estimates were determined by comparing weighted mean differences (WMD) in the change of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) from baseline, and the risk ratios (RR) for the proportions of patients with at least 15 letters change from baseline. Safety analysis estimated the RR of cardiac disorders at 6 to 12 months in RBZ therapy vs. laser monotherapy. Statistical analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.1 software. Results Seven RCTs were selected for this meta-analysis, including 1749 patients (394 patients in the RBZ group, 642 patients in the RBZ + Laser group, and 713 patients in the laser group). RBZ and RBZ + Laser were superior to laser monotherapy in the mean change of BCVA and CMT from baseline (WMD = 5.65, 95% confidence interval (CI), 4.44–6.87, P<0.00001; WMD = 5.02, 95% CI, 3.83–6.20, P<0.00001, and WMD = −57.91, 95% CI, −77.62 to −38.20, P<0.00001; WMD = −56.63, 95% CI, −104.81 to −8.44, P = 0.02, respectively). The pooled RR comparing the proportions of patients with at least 15 letters improvement or deterioration were also in favor of RBZ and RBZ + Laser (RR = 2.94, 95% CI, 1.82–4.77, P<0.00001; RR = 2.04, 95% CI, 1.50–2.78, P<0.00001, and RR = 0.21, 95% CI, 0.06–0.71, P = 0.01; RR = 0.52, 95% CI, 0.29–0.95, P = 0.03, respectively). There were no significant differences between RBZ and RBZ + Laser for any of the parameters. There were no difference in the safety profile between RBZ and laser. Conclusion RBZ and RBZ + Laser had better visual and anatomic outcomes than laser monotherapy in the treatment of DME. RBZ + Laser seemed to be equivalent to RBZ.
Study on Construction of a Medical X-Ray Direct Digital Radiography System and Hybrid Preprocessing Methods

We construct a medical X-ray direct digital radiography (DDR) system based on a CCD (charge-coupled devices) camera. For the original images captured from X-ray exposure, computer first executes image flat-field correction and image gamma correction, and then carries out image contrast enhancement. A hybrid image contrast enhancement algorithm which is based on sharp frequency localization-contourlet transform (SFL-CT) and contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE), is proposed and verified by the clinical DDR images. Experimental results show that, for the medical X-ray DDR images, the proposed comprehensive preprocessing algorithm can not only greatly enhance the contrast and detail information, but also improve the resolution capability of DDR system.
Hamilton-Jacobi method for Curved Domain Walls and Cosmologies

We use Hamiltonian methods to study curved domain walls and cosmologies. This leads naturally to first-order equations for all domain walls and cosmologies foliated by slices of maximal symmetry. For Minkowski and AdS-sliced domain walls (flat and closed FLRW cosmologies) we recover a recent result concerning their (pseudo)supersymmetry. We show how domain-wall stability is consistent with the instability of AdS vacua that violate the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound. We also explore the relationship to Hamilton-Jacobi theory and compute the wave-function of a 3-dimensional closed universe evolving towards de Sitter spacetime.
LYAPUNOV EXPONENTS FOR FINITE STATE NONLINEAR FILTERING

Consider the Wonham optimal filtering problem for a finite state ergodic Markov process in both discrete and continuous time, and let σ be the noise intensity for the observation. We examine the sensitivity of the solution with respect to the filter’s initial conditions in terms of the gap between the first two Lyapunov exponents of the Zakai equation for the unnormalized conditional probability. This gap is studied in the limit as σ → 0 by techniques involving considerations of nonlinear filtering and the stochastic Feynman–Kac formula. Conditions are given for the limit to be either negative or −∞. Asymptotic bounds are derived in the latter case.
Programmed Cell Death, Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen and p53 Expression in Mouse Colon Mucosa during Diet-Induced Tumorigenesis

Western‐style diets (WDs) trigger and sustain the early phases of tumorigenesis in mouse colon, and when continued throughout the life span lead to the development of dysplastic crypts. In order to evaluate the roles both of cell proliferation and programmed cell death (PCD) in WD‐induced tumorigenesis, immunohistochemical detection of proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA), in situ end labeling (TUNEL) of DNA breaks, and p53 protein were carried out in mouse colonic mucosa during prolonged feeding of two WDs. PCNA Labeling Index of colonic crypts was significantly higher in WD‐treated animals than in controls only at the beginning of the nutritional study, the gap rapidly bridged by increased cell proliferation spontaneously occurring in the colonic mucosa during aging. A transient early homeostatic activation of PCD at the base of the crypt also was observed in WD groups. No changes in PCD were seen in the upper third of the crypt or in surface epithelium throughout the study, indicating that PCD in that colonic crypt segment produces a constant flux of cell loss, uninfluenced by homeostatic fluctuations. A major finding was an irreversible, progressive, age‐related decline of PCD at the crypt base in both control and treated animals that occurred during the second half of the rodents life span. p53 protein was not immunohistochemically detected, suggesting that neither overexpression of wild‐type nor mutated forms of the protein are involved in the above mentioned changes.
Time to get moving: assisted gene flow of forest trees

Geographic variation in trees has been investigated since the mid‐18th century. Similar patterns of clinal variation have been observed along latitudinal and elevational gradients in common garden experiments for many temperate and boreal species. These studies convinced forest managers that a ‘local is best’ seed source policy was usually safest for reforestation. In recent decades, experimental design, phenotyping methods, climatic data and statistical analyses have improved greatly and refined but not radically changed knowledge of clines. The maintenance of local adaptation despite high gene flow suggests selection for local adaptation to climate is strong. Concerns over maladaptation resulting from climate change have motivated many new genecological and population genomics studies; however, few jurisdictions have implemented assisted gene flow (AGF), the translocation of pre‐adapted individuals to facilitate adaptation of planted forests to climate change. Here, we provide evidence that temperate tree species show clines along climatic gradients sufficiently similar for average patterns or climate models to guide AGF in the absence of species‐specific knowledge. Composite provenancing of multiple seed sources can be used to increase diversity and buffer against future climate uncertainty. New knowledge will continue to refine and improve AGF as climates warm further.