Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Euler-Poincare Formulation Of Hybrid Plasma Models

Three different hybrid Vlasov-fluid systems are derived by applying reduction by symmetry to Hamilton's variational principle. In particular, the discussion focuses on the Euler-Poincare formulation of three major hybrid MHD models, which are compared in the same framework. These are the current-coupling scheme and two different variants of the pressure-coupling scheme. The Kelvin-Noether theorem is presented explicitly for each scheme, together with the Poincare invariants for its hot particle trajectories. Extensions of Ertel's relation for the potential vorticity and for its gradient are also found in each case, as well as new expressions of cross helicity invariants.
Vowel Harmony in Korean and Morpheme Correspondence

The two most controversial aspects of vowel harmony in Korean ideophones are its morphologically restricted nature and the harmonic feature governing these alternations. Not only is the harmony pattern restricted to the ideophone class2, but also the value of the harmonic feature determines the meaning of the ideophone itself. While alternations from one feature to another involve relative lowering of vowels, and thus appear to be a lowering process, this is complicated by the fact that [] and [o] are phonetically the same height (Yang 1992), but belong to different harmonic classes. While previous analyses have acknowledged the morphological nature of vowel harmony in Korean ideophones (Ahn and Kim 1984; Cho 1994; Chung 2000; Kim-Renaud 1976; Sohn 1986), these analyses do not formally distinguish between the type of morphological harmony found in Korean ideophones, and the more common forms of phonological harmony found elsewhere. Both the harmonic feature problem and the morphological nature of Korean vowel harmony can be straightforwardly accounted for when a faithfulness-based correspondence approach is used to account for the appearance of harmony. The analysis is presented as follows: I begin with a presentation of data on vowel harmony in Korean ideophones, followed by a summary of problems presented in previous work on Korean vowel harmony. I then present a faithfulness-based correspondence analysis of the data using morpheme-specific constraints. I also discuss the relation between the Harmony/Inventory Theorem and morphological vowel harmony, showing that a faithfulness account of vowel harmony predicts that violations of this theorem may occur in morphological harmony of the type found in Korean.
HIGH-PRECISION ORBITAL AND PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF DOUBLE-LINED SPECTROSCOPIC BINARY STARS—HD78418, HD123999, HD160922, HD200077, AND HD210027

We present high-precision radial velocities (RVs) of double-lined spectroscopic binary stars HD78418, HD123999, HD160922, HD200077, and HD210027. They were obtained based on the high-resolution echelle spectra collected with the Keck I/HIRES, Shane/CAT/Hamspec, and TNG/Sarge telescopes/spectrographs over the years 2003–2008 as part of the TATOOINE search for circumbinary planets. The RVs were computed using our novel iodine cell technique for double-line binary stars, which relies on tomographically disentangled spectra of the components of the binaries. The precision of the RVs is of the order of 1–10 m s−1, and to properly model such measurements one needs to account for the light-time effect within the binary's orbit, relativistic effects, and RV variations due to tidal distortions of the components of the binaries. With such proper modeling, our RVs combined with the archival visibility measurements from the Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI) allow us to derive very precise spectroscopic/astrometric orbital and physical parameters of the binaries. In particular, we derive the masses, the absolute K- and H-band magnitudes, and the parallaxes. The masses together with the absolute magnitudes in the K and H bands enable us to estimate the ages of the binaries. These RVs allow us to obtain some of the most accurate mass determinations of binary stars. The fractional accuracy in msin i only, and hence based on the RVs alone, ranges from 0.02% to 0.42%. When combined with the PTI astrometry, the fractional accuracy in the masses in the three best cases ranges from 0.06% to 0.5%. Among them, the masses of HD210027 components rival in precision the mass determination of the components of the relativistic double pulsar system PSR J0737 − 3039. In the near future, for double-lined eclipsing binary stars we expect to derive masses with a fractional accuracy of the order of up to ∼0.001% with our technique. This level of precision is an order of magnitude higher than of the most accurate mass determination for a body outside the solar system—the double neutron star system PSR B1913+16.
Unemployment vs . mismatch of talents : Reconsidering unemployment

We develop an equilibrium search-matching model with risk-neutral agents and two-sided ex-ante heterogeneity. Unemployment insurance has the standard e®ect of reducing employment, but also helps workers to get a suitable job. The predictions of our simple model are consistent with the contrasting performance of the labor market in Europe and US in terms of unemployment, productivity growth and wage inequality. To show this, we construct two ̄ctitious economies with calibrated parameters which only di®er by the degree of unemployment insurance and assume that they are hit by a common technological shock which enhances the importance of mismatch. This shock reduces the proportion of jobs which workers regards as acceptable in the economy with unemployment insurance (Europe). As a result, unemployment doubles in this economy. In the laissez-faire economy (US), unemployment remains constant, but wage inequality increases more and productivity grows less due to larger mismatch. The model is used to address some political economy issues.
Analysis of Phase Noise Profile of a 1.1 GHz Phase-locked Loop

Phase noise (PN) in phase locked loop (PLL) system is an important parameter in communication system. It degrades the system performance by increasing bit error rate (BER). The PLL concept was first appeared in the papers by Appleton in 1923 and de Bellescize in 1932 [1]. It is essentially a control system which employs feedback mechanism to synchronize the phase of output signal with the phase of a reference signal [2], [3]. When the PLL is in lock, there is a small phase difference between the two input signals of a phase frequency detector (PFD) and produce a dc voltage at the detector output, which is required to shift voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) from its free-running frequency and keep the loop in lock. A basic PLL consists of a VCO, a PFD and a loop filter (LF). In the modern PLL system a charge pump (CP) is included with the PFD unit. It produces a current proportional to the error between the reference and feedback signal. The block diagram of a simple PLL is shown in Fig. 1.
Game idea jam for sport and exertion games

Game Jams have successfully been introduced to the CHI Community during the past two years. Game developers meet to plan, design, and create one or more games within a short time span (ranging from 24 to 48 hours). We propose a Game Idea Jam focusing on the opportunity to draw on researchers' and developers' own experiences when developing creative game ideas for sport or exertion to combat physical inactivity. Game Idea Jams focus on brainstorming and conceptualizing of one or more game ideas within seven hours. Due to time constraints, the final game idea will be produced in the form of a conceptual video, trying to demonstrate the player experience. We aim to enable game researcher with no development skills to participate in the Game Idea Jam and support them with different creative approaches to choose from.
Methods for analyzing natural discourse: Investigating spatial language in HRI vs. in a no-feedback web study

The focus of interest in my research lies in the investigation of spon- taneously produced natural language used to refer to the spatial position of a goal object. In this short paper I compare two central elicitation scenarios which have been useful for the investigation of speakers' strategies to achieve given discourse purposes by using spatial reference: a no-feedback web study and a human-robot interaction scenario. In both cases the task was to identify one out of several similar objects in a configuration by using spatial reference. The re- sults of the two kinds of studies show a number of important systematic differ- ences as well as striking parallels with respect to speakers' conceptual and lin- guistic strategies.
Oropharyngeal Colostrum Administration in Extremely Premature Infants: An RCT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the immunologic effects of oropharyngeal colostrum administration in extremely premature infants. METHODS: We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving 48 preterm infants born before 28 weeks’ gestation. Subjects received 0.2 mL of their mother’s colostrum or sterile water via oropharyngeal route every 3 hours for 3 days beginning at 48 to 96 hours of life. To measure concentrations of secretory immunoglobulin A, lactoferrin, and several immune substances, urine and saliva were obtained during the first 24 hours of life and at 8 and 15 days. Clinical data during hospitalization were collected. RESULTS: Urinary levels of secretory immunoglobulin A at 1 week (71.4 vs 26.5 ng/g creatinine, P = .04) and 2 weeks (233.8 vs 48.3 ng/g creatinine, P = .006), and lactoferrin at 1 week (3.5 vs 0.9 μg/g creatinine, P = .01) were significantly higher in colostrum group. Urine interleukin-1β level was significantly lower in colostrum group at 2 weeks (55.3 vs 91.8 μg/g creatinine, P = .01). Salivary transforming growth factor-β1 (39.2 vs 69.7 μg/mL, P = .03) and interleukin-8 (1.2 vs 4.9 ng/mL, P = .04) were significantly lower at 2 weeks in colostrum group. A significant reduction in the incidence of clinical sepsis was noted in colostrum group (50% vs 92%, P = .003). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that oropharyngeal administration of colostrum may decrease clinical sepsis, inhibit secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increase levels of circulating immune-protective factors in extremely premature infants. Larger studies to confirm these findings are warranted.
Reducing Cognitive Load by Adding High-Level Semantics to ReactoGraph

to design a new form of the Reactant [13] as the basis of a new visual programming language (VPL), ReactoGraph [12]. ReactoGraph is a domain-specific programming language designed to address the issues of user interface construction. Its target end-users are professional programmers creating application user interfaces. We adapted the role of the reactant to define the behavior of a UI. The goal of this new design was to provide a bridge for the GoC by explicitly making a visual connection between behavior and an interface item. To achieve this, the reactant combined five software engineering techniques: visuality, direct manipulation, prototypes, data-flow visual programming, and message-passing communication. Each addresses a requirement in bridging the GoC. Since designing ReactoGraph we have had time to study its effect on cognition. We have identified three areas where end-users report difficulty in using the language. This paper identifies these three areas and presents alternative solutions to the original design by introducing high-level semantics to the language. To gauge how these additions have effected usability we held an informal usability study that we report on here. In section two and three we review how the use of the five techniques in ReactoGraph help to reduce the GoC and present justification for the use of these techniques in reducing cognitive load. In the forth section we present a brief review of the design of ReactoGraph and its architecture. In section five we examine the three problems encountered by end-users and present our solutions. In section six we present our usability test and report the results. We conclude with some final remarks and observations. This paper assumes that the reader is familiar with the data flow semantics of Prograph [10]. In this section we review the origins of related works that have, to some degree, been able to bridge the GoC with innovative UI and VPL techniques. We also provide some background on cognitive load and further explain the concepts behind the Gulf of Connectivity. The Source and Sink model [5, 6] was an early attempt to deal with the GoC by extending the data flow semantics of Prograph using new data flow operators. These new operators, Sources and Sinks, try to make a direct connection between the cells in a spreadsheet and the formulas within the cell. However, the operators did not fully bridge the GoC as they resided in a window separate from the cells whose …
Control of uncertain nonholonomic mechanical systems with chained form kinematics: case study

We employ two adaptive strategies for motion control of uncertain nonholonomic mechanical systems with chained form kinematics. Chained form systems possess sufficient structure to permit very effective control strategies to be developed for them. For example, these systems are differentially flat, which can be shown to be quite useful for motion control, and they are also easier to stabilize than some other classes of nonholonomic systems; both of these properties are exploited in the paper. As a consequence of the adaptive nature of the control laws and the properties of chained form systems, the employed schemes are simple and modular, are easily implemented with a wide range of mechanical systems, and provide a reasonable starting point for addressing such practical problems as collision avoidance and sensor-based planning and control. The first controller combines an efficient trajectory generation algorithm with an adaptive tracking strategy to obtain the desired motion control, while the second scheme achieves this control objective through the use of a stabilizing control law developed utilizing adaptation and homogeneous system theory. Each of the control strategies is computationally efficient, ensures accurate motion control, and is implementable in the presence of considerable uncertainty concerning the mechanical system model. The efficacy of the approach is illustrated through computer simulations with a single chain nonholonomic system.
Using collocation segmentation to extract translation units in a phrase-based statistical machine translation system

This report evaluates the impact of using a novel collocation segmentation method for phrase extraction in the standard phrase-based statistical machine translation approach. The collocation segmentation technique is implemented simultaneously in the source and target side. The resulting collocation segmentation is used to extract translation units. Experiments are reported in the Spanish-to-English EuroParl task and promising results are achieved in translation quality.
Quality-Differentiated Video Multicast in Multirate Wireless Networks

Adaptation of modulation and transmission bit-rates for video multicast in a multirate wireless network is a challenging problem because of network dynamics, variable video bit-rates, and heterogeneous clients who may expect differentiated video qualities. Prior work on the leader-based schemes selects the transmission bit-rate that provides reliable transmission for the node that experiences the worst channel condition. However, this may penalize other nodes that can achieve a higher throughput by receiving at a higher rate. In this work, we investigate a rate-adaptive video multicast scheme that can provide heterogeneous clients differentiated visual qualities matching their channel conditions. We first propose a rate scheduling model that selects the optimal transmission bit-rate for each video frame to maximize the total visual quality for a multicast group subject to the minimum-visual-quality-guaranteed constraint. We then present a practical and easy-to-implement protocol, called QDM, which constructs a cluster-based structure to characterize node heterogeneity and adapts the transmission bit-rate to network dynamics based on video quality perceived by the representative cluster heads. Since QDM selects the rate by a sample-based technique, it is suitable for real-time streaming even without any preprocess. We show that QDM can adapt to network dynamics and variable video-bit rates efficiently, and produce a gain of 2-5 dB in terms of the average video quality as compared to the leader-based approach.
Sleep duration and five-year abdominal fat accumulation in a minority cohort: the IRAS family study.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To study 5-year change in computed tomography (CT)-derived visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) associated with sleep duration in 2 minority groups. DESIGN Longitudinal epidemiologic study. SETTING Three US communities. PARTICIPANTS African Americans (N = 332) and Hispanic Americans (N = 775), aged 18-81 years, participating in the IRAS Family Study. INTERVENTIONS none MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Abdominal CT scans and BMI obtained at a 5-year interval. Sleep duration was assessed by questionnaire at baseline and categorized as < or = 5 h, 6-7 h, and > or = 8 h. Generalized estimating equations assessed the association between sleep duration and 5-year fat accumulation with adjustment for age, race, gender, study site, baseline fat measure, physical activity, total calories, smoking status, and education. Age interacted with sleep duration to predict change in fat measures (P < 0.01). In those younger than 40 years, < or = 5 h of sleep was related to a greater accumulation of BMI (1.8 kg/m2, P < 0.001), SAT (42 cm2, P < 0.0001), and VAT (13 cm2, P > 0.01), compared to sleep duration between 6 and 7 h. Eight hours or more of sleep was also significantly related to a greater accumulation of BMI (0.8 kg/m2, P < 0.001), SAT (20 cm2, P < 0.01) and VAT (6 cm2, P < 0.05) compared to sleep duration between 6 and 7 h. No significant relationship existed between sleep duration and fat depot change in participants older than 40 years old. CONCLUSIONS In this minority cohort, extremes of sleep duration are related to increases in BMI, SAT, and VAT in persons younger than 40 years old.
Classes of Vulnerabilities and Attacks

In the first part of this article, popular vulnerability and attack types used in books, vulnerability disclosures, and databases are reviewed. They are discussed in the context of what makes them useful and how they fail to meet scientific criteria, without going into the exploit details. Practical efforts such as the various MITRE enumerations and lists of common security problems by other organizations are also reviewed. The second part discusses attempts at scientific classifications, with the reasoning leading to the current state of the art. The third part discusses ongoing and future research with a focus on ontologies. Keywords: vulnerability; attack; ontology; classification; taxonomy; security; secure programming; weaknesses; enumeration
RDB2Onto: An approach for creating semantic metadata from relational educational data

Current techniques for retrieving content and usage information from educational data are based on keywords which including string combinations. This technique raises the limitation in terms of capturing learning conceptualization associated to the results. Aims to reveal this issue, this paper present an approach of creating semantic metadata from relational educational data into ontology using D2RQ mapping files. The selected relational data converted to the defined metadata template in ontology such as instances or data properties. Thereafter, the learning conceptualization which stored in ontology knowledge-based growth the metadata to retrieve information meaning based and then used for further analysis. The retrieval results are expected to present meaningful information based on users' needs.
Intelligent surveillance and security robot systems

This paper presents a new security solution that integrates vision, intelligent algorithm and robot technology. The solution can be applied to guarding large facilities, critical infrastructures and national borders. While conventional security solutions rely on human operator's vigilance on the images provided by cameras, the proposed solution uses machine intelligence to compensate for human factors and robots to provide immediate counter response. The system is currently deployed at Korea National Oil Corporation's Seosan oil reserve facility. Overall structure of the system and description of each component are presented.
Digital volume correlation analyses of synchrotron tomographic images

Three-dimensional (3D) images of nodular graphite cast-iron samples obtained with synchrotron tomography are analysed by resorting to digital volume correlation. This technique uses the material microstructure to measure displacement fields within a sample submitted to mechanical loading. Compared to classical two-dimensional (2D) digital image correlation, the reconstructed volumes used by DVC tend to increase the uncertainty in the correlation calculations, yet elastic strains of the order of 10−3 can be measured. Displacement fields around the front of a fatigue crack have also been measured by an extended version of DVC, and are used to extract stress intensity factors (in modes I, II, and III) along the crack front. The values are in good agreement with finite element calculations when the experimentally measured displacements prescribed on the sample boundaries are considered as input in the numerical simulations.
Let's talk together: Understanding concurrent transmission in wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are increasingly being applied to scenarios that simultaneously demand for high packet reliability and short delay. A promising technique to achieve this goal is concurrent transmission, i.e. multiple nodes transmit identical or different packets in parallel. Practical implementations of concurrent transmission exist, yet its performance is not well understood due to the lack of expressive models that accurately predict the success of packet reception. We experimentally investigate the two phenomena that can occur during concurrent transmission depending on the transmission timing and signal strength, i.e. constructive interference and capture effect. Equipped with the thorough understanding of these two phenomena, we propose an accurate prediction model for the reception of concurrent transmission. The extensive measurements carried out with varying number of transmitters, packet length and signal strength verify the excellent quality of our model, which provides a valuable tool for protocol design and simulation of concurrent transmission in WSNs.
Theory and practice in ux research: uneasy bedfellows?

We believe that it is time to talk about user experience and its theoretical roots as well as about the relationship between theory and practice in UX research. Although user experience is overused as a buzzword, it defines a main step change in the evolvement of the HCI field and deserves a proper (theoretical) attention. Within this panel we follow up on discussions on the theoretical foundations and the value of theory for HCI and UX research from over the last years. In particular we want to go a step further and strengthen the interdisciplinary dialogue on the relationship between theory and practice when talking about user experience. We invited panelists from academia and industry to join a fruitful dialogue talking about the different perspectives on user experience, theoretical roots, and the relevance of theory for practice and vice versa. Two moderators will ensure that the audience gets their beliefs and thoughts across to the panelists as well.