Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Middle school student perspectives about misbehavior in physical education classes

MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENT PERSPECTIVES ABOUT MISBEHAVIOR IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES FEBRUARY 1998 SALEE SUPAPORN B.Ed., SRI NAKHARINWIROT UNIVERSITY M.Ed., SRI NAKHARINWIROT UNIVERSITY M.S., ILLINOIS STATE UNIVERSITY Ed.D. , UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Directed by: Professor Patt Dodds and Assistant Professor Linda Griffin Misbehavior is a research topic that most researchers investigate from teachers’ points of view. This study, in contrast, was designed to explore misbehavior from the students’ and the teacher’s perspectives, using Doyle’s ecological approach. A male teacher, Mr. Softball, and 14 seventh and eighth graders (ten males and four females) volunteered to participate during a twoweek basketball unit. Data were collected through shadowing the teacher, critical incidents, student and teacher interviews, videotaped class sessions, and audiotaped stimulated recall sessions with the videotapes. Data from all sources were analyzed using constant comparison to identify common themes. Findings indicated that Mr. Softball’s classes included overlapping instructional, managerial, and social task systems (Doyle, 1986; Siedentop, 1991) and his overall program of action could be classified as casual. Misbehavior was situation specific and occurred throughout these overlapping task systems.
CCD photometry of the Tucana dwarf galaxy

We present $V$ and $I$ CCD photometry for $\sim360$ stars in the recently discovered dwarf galaxy Tucana. The large field investigated and the accurate photometric calibration make our data complementary to the deeper HST photometry. From the $I$ magnitude of the tip of the red giant branch we estimate a distance modulus $(m-M)_0=24.69\pm0.16$, corresponding to $870\pm60$ Kpc, confirming that Tucana is an isolated dwarf spheroidal located almost at the border of the Local Group. From the color of the red giant branch tip and by direct comparison with the giant branches of galactic globular clusters we estimate a metallicity [Fe/H]=$-1.8\pm0.2$, with no clear indication for a metallicity spread. The color--magnitude diagram indicates that Tucana has had a single star formation burst at the epoch of the Galactic globular cluster star formation. There is no evidence for an intermediate or young stellar population. We derive the V luminosity profile, the surface density profile of resolved stars, and the structural parameters of Tucana, from which we confirm that Tucana participates to the general metallicity--surface brightness--absolute magnitude relations defined by the Galaxy and M31 dwarf spheroidal and dwarf elliptical companions.
Dynamics of the Methanogenic Archaea in Tropical Estuarine Sediments

Methanogenesis may represent a key process in the terminal phases of anaerobic organic matter mineralization in sediments of coastal lagoons. The aim of the present work was to study the temporal and spatial dynamics of methanogenic archaea in sediments of tropical coastal lagoons and their relationship with environmental changes in order to determine how these influence methanogenic community. Sediment samples were collected during the dry (February, May, and early June) and rainy seasons (July, October, and November). Microbiological analysis included the quantification of viable methanogenic archaea (MA) with three substrates and the evaluation of kinetic activity from acetate in the presence and absence of sulfate. The environmental variables assessed were temperature, pH, Eh, salinity, sulfate, solids content, organic carbon, and carbohydrates. MA abundance was significantly higher in the rainy season (106–107 cells/g) compared with the dry season (104–106 cells/g), with methanol as an important substrate. At spatial level, MA were detected in the two layers analyzed, and no important variations were observed either in MA abundance or activity. Salinity, sulfate, solids, organic carbon, and Eh were the environmental variables related to methanogenic community. A conceptual model is proposed to explain the dynamics of the MA.
Filtered sampling for PET

In tomography reconstruction, the relationship between the finite-element representation of the objective function and the expected number of hits in detectors - or in other words, the particle transport - is described by the system matrix. With the evolution of high-performance hardware, precise on-the-fly estimation of the system matrix becomes more and more feasible, which allows the use of patient-dependent data and makes it unnecessary to deal with the compression of enormous matrices. On-the-fly system matrix generation requires the online approximation of high dimensional integrals, which is usually attacked by Monte Carlo quadrature and importance sampling. Determining the number of samples used by the estimators belongs to the classical tradeoff problem between accuracy and computational time. However, the approximation error mainly comes from the measurement noise and high frequency components of the measured object that cannot be captured using a given sample density. In this paper, we propose the application of filtered sampling for the forward projection step of iterative ML-EM based PET reconstruction to decrease the variance of the integrand and thus to reduce the error of integral estimation for a given set of samples. The input of the forward projection is filtered using a low-pass filter, which reduces noise and increases the probability that samples do not miss high frequency peaks - e.g. a point source. The iteration thus converges to a modified fixed point, from which the original function can be extracted by applying the same filter. The presented model is built into the TeraTomo™ system.
Nerve regeneration in chitosan conduits and in autologous nerve grafts in healthy and in type 2 diabetic Goto–Kakizaki rats

Knowledge about nerve regeneration after nerve injury and reconstruction in appropriate diabetic animal models is incomplete. Short‐term nerve regeneration after reconstruction of a 10‐mm sciatic nerve defect with either a hollow chitosan conduit or an autologous nerve graft was investigated in healthy Wistar and diabetic Goto–Kakizaki (GK) rats. After 21 days, axonal outgrowth, the presence of activated and apoptotic Schwann cells and the thickness of the formed matrix in the conduits were measured. In general, nerve regeneration was superior in autologous nerve grafts. In chitosan conduits, a matrix, which was thicker in diabetic rats, was formed and was positively correlated with length of axonal outgrowth. Axonal outgrowth in conduits and in nerve grafts extended further in diabetic rats than in healthy rats. There was a higher percentage of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3)‐immunostained cells in nerve segments from healthy rats than in diabetic rats after autologous nerve graft reconstruction. In chitosan conduits, more cleaved caspase 3‐stained Schwann cells were generally observed in the matrix from the diabetic rats than in healthy rats. However, there were fewer apoptotic cells in the distal segment in diabetic rats reconstructed with a chitosan conduit. Preoperative glucose levels were positively correlated with axonal outgrowth after both reconstruction methods. Axonal regeneration was better in autologous nerve grafts than in hollow chitosan conduits and was enhanced in diabetic GK rats compared to healthy rats after reconstruction. This study provides insights into the nerve regeneration process in a clinically relevant diabetic animal model.
Spatial Coding as a Function of Handedness and Responding Hand: Theoretical and Methodological Implications

The Simon effect shows that choice reactions are faster if the location of the stimulus and the response correspond, even when stimulus location is task-irrelevant. The Simon effect raises the question of what factors influence spatial coding. Until now, the effects of handedness, responding hand, and visual field were addressed in separate studies that used bimanual and unimanual tasks, providing inconclusive results. Here we aimed to close this empirical gap by looking at the effects of these variables in the same study. We used a unimanual version of a Simon task with four groups of participants: left-handed and right-handed, responding with the dominant or nondominant hand. Our results show that the Simon effect is substantially reduced in the field of the responding hand for all groups of participants, except for left-handed individuals responding with the left-hand. These findings highlight the importance of attention mechanisms in stimulus-response coding. They reflect that stimulus-response interference is influenced by hierarchical activation of response units. At a practical level, these findings call for a number of methodological considerations (e.g., handedness, responding hand, and visual field) when using stimulus-response conflict to address spatial coding and cognitive control functions in neurological populations.
On-the-Fly and Non-invasive Extraction of Runtime Architectures Using Hierarchical Object Graphs

Reverse engineering techniques are usually applied to extract concrete architecture models. However, these techniques usually extract diagrams that just reveal static architectures, such as class diagrams. On the other hand, the extraction of dynamic architecture models can be particularly useful for an initial understanding of how a system works or to evaluate the impact of a possible maintenance task. This paper describes an approach to extract hierarchical object graphs from running systems. The proposed graphs have several features that -- when combined -- make them valuable when compared to similar approaches, including: (a) support to the hierarchization of objects in domains, (b) support to the full spectrum of relations and entities that are common in object-oriented systems, (c) support to multithreading systems, (d) support to a language to alert about expected (or unexpected) relations between extracted objects. We also describe the design and implementation of a tool for visualizing the proposed object graphs. Finally, we show how our approach can contribute for understanding the running architecture of two systems.
Determinants and Leading Indicators of Banking Crises: Further Evidence

This paper examines episodes of banking system distress and crisis in a large sample of countries to identify which macroeconomic and financial variables can be useful leading indicators. The best warning signs of the recent Asian crises were proxies for the vulnerability of the banking and corporate sector. Full-blown banking crises are shown to be associated more with external developments, and domestic variables are the main leading indicators of severe but contained banking distress.
Intrinsic Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow

Isolated, innervated and acutely or chronically denervated resting skeletal muscle of the dog exhibited high intrinsic vascular tone. Sustained alteration of perfusion pressure or venous pressure evoked autoregulatory responses; vascular resistance increased at elevated driving pressures and decreased at reduced driving pressures. Comparable changes of resistance were observed after sustained alteration of blood flow during pump perfusion. Autoregulation was consistently observed during muscle contractions with constant pressure or constant flow perfusion. In resting and contracting skeletal muscle a low venous blood oxygen saturation (VO2) was characteristic of preparations exhibiting a high degree of autoregulation. In innervated resting muscle autoregulation was concealed by reflex or local stimuli and its disappearance was associated with a decreased vascular resistance and an increased VO2. In resting chronically denervated muscle or in contracting muscle, whether innervated or denervated, such stimuli failed to affect the autoregulatory response. A schema has been proposed to define the “states” of skeletal muscle blood flow and some of the factors responsible for the presence or absence of autoregulation.
Multigrid multidimensional scaling

Multidimensional scaling (MDS) is a generic name for a family of algorithms that construct a configuration of points in a target metric space from information about inter‐point distances measured in some other metric space. Large‐scale MDS problems often occur in data analysis, representation and visualization. Solving such problems efficiently is of key importance in many applications.
Multivariate cross-classification: applying machine learning techniques to characterize abstraction in neural representations

Here we highlight an emerging trend in the use of machine learning classifiers to test for abstraction across patterns of neural activity. When a classifier algorithm is trained on data from one cognitive context, and tested on data from another, conclusions can be drawn about the role of a given brain region in representing information that abstracts across those cognitive contexts. We call this kind of analysis Multivariate Cross-Classification (MVCC), and review several domains where it has recently made an impact. MVCC has been important in establishing correspondences among neural patterns across cognitive domains, including motor-perception matching and cross-sensory matching. It has been used to test for similarity between neural patterns evoked by perception and those generated from memory. Other work has used MVCC to investigate the similarity of representations for semantic categories across different kinds of stimulus presentation, and in the presence of different cognitive demands. We use these examples to demonstrate the power of MVCC as a tool for investigating neural abstraction and discuss some important methodological issues related to its application.
Représentations écologiques de données temporelles: exemples et apports

In this paper, we focus on the specific design space of temporal data visualizations. Whereas most visualizations do not take into account the special semantic of temporal data, we depict ecological representations of the time that may be reuse by practitioners and we explain why their specific semantic helps users perceiving information. Furthermore, ecological designs create emerging data. Thanks to our characterization model, we show how to analyze such visualization and how to assess its efficiency in term of a number of the emerging information. This model and this assessment help designer to understand their design space, to compare designs.
Circulating biomarkers in acute coronary syndromes: something different or more of the same?

During the past 30 years, there have been significant advances in our treatment of cardiovascular disease, both in the acute setting and in the context of disease prevention.1 With regard to the former, the availability and safety of acute medical and revascularization strategies for myocardial infarction and unstable angina have reduced both the morbidity and mortality of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). 2 Acute treatment options are typically resource intensive, however, and up to 50% of patients hospitalized for suspected ACS ultimately leave the hospital with other diagnoses.3 As a consequence, current guidelines for the management of ACS2 stress risk stratification as a means for directing invasive versus conservative approaches to patient management. See p 812 The traditional clinical tools of risk stratification such as history, physical examination, and ECG have proven inadequate in the vast majority of cases. Not surprisingly, this need has spurred considerable investigation into circulating markers that better establish diagnoses and identify high-risk individuals appropriate for the most resource-intensive treatment. From this search, cardiac troponin measurements have emerged as important markers for both ACS diagnosis and identification of future coronary artery disease (CAD) events.2 More recently, circulating markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein,4 CD40L,5 and myeloperoxidase6 have also proven effective in identifying patients with ACS. In this issue of Circulation , Hayashida and colleagues7 have added soluble lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (sLOX-1) to this expanding list of markers that are associated with ACS. They examined 427 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac catheterization from a single center and measured sLOX-1 in serum. The presence or absence of CAD was determined by angiographic criteria, …
Identification of a novel binding partners for tumor suppressor PTEN by a yeast two-hybrid approach.

AIM To identify novel PTEN-binding partners. METHODS The technique of yeast two-hybrid screening was used in this study. A panel of bait constructs was created, containing the C-terminal domain of PTEN, full length PTEN, activated and phosphatase-dead mutants. The expression of LexA-fused baits, their nuclear localization and autoactivation potential were tested according to the standard protocol of Duplex A system. CDNA libraries from Colon Cancer, HeLa and Mouse Embryo were screened with two selected bait constructs. Isolated positive clones were further analysed by mating assay and identified by automated DNA sequencing and database searching. RESULTS Extensive screening of cDNA libraries with the full length and the C-terminal domain of PTEN led to the identification of 43 positive clones, which were confirmed in mating assay. Sequence analysis indicated that two clones encode AEBP1 (Adipocyte Enhancer Binding Protein 1). CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the interaction between PTEN and AEBP1 is mediated by their C-terminal and N-terminal domains, respectively. The functional importance of PTEN-AEBP1 interaction is currently under investigation.
Procurement of global logistics services using combinatorial auctions

Global logistics flows have increased dramatically in recent years due to the globalization in the world economy. It is more complex than the domestic logistics, consisting of multiple services like multi-modal transportation, cross-docking, storage, and customs clearance. Two issues are in order with multitude of services spanning across international borders: First, a single logistics provider may not be able to provide all the services and second, performance non-conformance with any of the services will affect the entire flow. We address the above issues in this paper by proposing a procurement that allows combinatorial bidding with quality of service measures as business constraints.
Study of microelectronics for detecting and stimulating of central neural signals

Test circuits for the signal detection and the function electrical stimulation (FES) of neurons have been designed, implemented at first by using discrete devices and characterized off-body. The detecting circuit consisting of three-stage operational amplifiers has a controllable gain up to 10/sup 5/, a -3 dB bandwidth of 30 kHz, and an equivalent input noise of about 9 nV//spl radic/Hz. The FES circuit consisting of two-stage operational amplifiers has a bandwidth of more than 10 kHz and a variable gain from 20 dB to 60 dB can provide a current of more than 1 mA to a load of 10 k/spl Omega/ They are intended to connect with both cuff-type and staff-type microelectrodes. Integrated circuits (IC) for the neural signal process have been designed with features of low voltage and low power. A more biocompatible composite has been synthesized to modify the silicon and related material.
Formic Acid Triggers the “Acid Crash” of Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol Fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum

ABSTRACT Solvent production by Clostridium acetobutylicum collapses when cells are grown in pH-uncontrolled glucose medium, the so-called “acid crash” phenomenon. It is generally accepted that the fast accumulation of acetic acid and butyric acid triggers the acid crash. We found that addition of 1 mM formic acid into corn mash medium could trigger acid crash, suggesting that formic acid might be related to acid crash. When it was grown in pH-uncontrolled glucose medium or glucose-rich medium, C. acetobutylicum DSM 1731 containing the empty plasmid pIMP1 failed to produce solvents and was found to accumulate 0.5 to 1.24 mM formic acid intracellularly. In contrast, recombinant strain DSM 1731 with formate dehydrogenase activity did not accumulate formic acid intracellularly and could produce solvent as usual. We therefore conclude that the accumulation of formic acid, rather than acetic acid and butyric acid, is responsible for the acid crash of acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation.
Influence of age and height on nerve conduction

Previous studies demonstrated age‐ and height‐related slowing of nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and reduction in nerve response amplitude. Unfortunately, many studies examined discontinuous populations, preventing regression analysis. The correlation coefficients of available studies vary widely, preventing clear conclusions. We retrospectively examined 3969 clinically normal subjects ranging in age from 20 to 95 years from a total of 22,420 electrodiagnostic studies done between 1986 and 1998. The correlation of NCV with height was stronger than with age. Regression equations using both factors account for 12–27% of the variance. Responses were seen in the majority of patients aged 70 years and older, but the percentage of normals who had no response increased with advancing age. Age was strongly inversely correlated with the amplitudes of both sensory and motor responses, accounting for 7–16% of the variance. Regression equations using both height and age improved this correlation, accounting for 7–22% of the variance. Therefore, both height and age must be taken into consideration when normal values are developed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 24: 1134–1141, 2001
Structure of Split Supersymmetry and Simple Models

We derive in detail a condition on the Higgs mass parameters that is necessary for the recently proposed split supersymmetry (split SUSY) scenario to provide a realistic magnitude of tan β. The nature of this condition can be understood by showing how the Higgs sector of the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model reduces to that of the Standard Model in the heavy limit of the soft supersymmetry breaking Higgs mass parameters. Based on this condition, we present some simple supersymmetry breaking models that each provides a realistic split-SUSY mass spectrum, in accordance with the scale of the gravitino mass (m 3/2 ) in relation to those of the soft scalar mass (m) and the gaugino mass (M 1/2 ) employed in each, namely m 3/2 > m, m ≥ m 3/2 > M 1/2 and M 1/2 ≥ m 3/2 , respectively, with the relation m >> M 1/2 of the split-SUSY mass spectrum.
A Conceptual and Theoretical Analysis of Evaluative Conditioning

Evaluative conditioning is best defined as an effect, that is, as a change in the valence of a stimulus that results from pairing the stimulus with another stimulus. This definition has several advantages that are made explicit in this paper. One of the advantages is that it clarifies that evaluative conditioning can be due to multiple processes. Therefore, the conditions under which evaluative conditioning is observed can depend on the processes that underlie a particular manifestation of evaluative conditioning. This could explain why there are so many conflicting results about the conditions under which evaluative conditioning can be found. Future research should adopt a meta-conditional approach that focuses not only on whether a certain condition is crucial for obtaining evaluative conditioning but should also examine when a certain condition is crucial.