Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The American body in context : an anthology

Chapter 1 Introduction Part 2 I. Minds and Bodies Chapter 3 Descartes Goes to Hollywood: Mind, Body and Gender in Contemporary Cyborg Cinema Chapter 4 The Lived Experience of Disability Chapter 5 Souls of Silicon Part 6 II. Social Bodies Chapter 7 The Body in Consumer Culture Chapter 8 The Embodiment of Masculinity: Cultural, Psychological and Behavioral Dimensions Chapter 9 'Material Girl': The Effacements of Postmodern Culture Chapter 10 Michael Jordan's Family Values: Marketing, Meaning, and Post-Reagan America Chapter 11 Concord Watch Advertisement Part 12 III. Disciplined Bodies Chapter 13 On Blowing One's Nose Chapter 14 Medicine as an Institution of Social Control Chapter 15 Put Your Hands in Your Own Laps: Disciplining the Student Body Chapter 16 . The Visible Man: The Execution and Electronic Afterlife of Joseph Paul Jernigan Part 17 IV. Resisting Bodies Chapter 18 Body Narratives, Body Boundaries Chapter 19 Firm But Shapely, Fit But Sexy, Strong But Thin: The Postmodern Aerobicizing Female Bodies Chapter 20 Heavy Judgment: A Sister Talks About the Pain of 'Living Large'
The Cech filtration and monodromy in log crystalline cohomology

For a strictly semistable log scheme Y over a perfect field k of characteristic p we investigate the canonical Čech spectral sequence (C)T abutting to the HyodoKato (log crystalline) cohomology H∗ crys(Y/T )Q of Y and beginning with the log convergent cohomology of its various component intersections Y i. We compare the filtration on H∗ crys(Y/T )Q arising from (C)T with the monodromy operator N on H∗ crys(Y/T )Q. We also express N through residue maps and study relations with singular cohomology. If Y lifts to a proper strictly semistable (formal) scheme X over a finite totally ramified extension of W (k), with generic fibre XK , we obtain results on how the simplicial structure of Xan K (as analytic space) is reflected in H∗ dR(XK) = H ∗ dR(X an K ). Introduction Let A be a complete discrete valuation ring of mixed characteristic (0, p), with perfect residue field k and fraction field K, and let K0 be the fraction field of the ring of Witt vectors W (k) of k. Let X be a proper strictly semistable A-scheme. Besides its Hodge filtration the de Rham cohomology H dR(XK) of the generic fibre XK of X comes with a K0-lattice with a Frobenius operator F and a nilpotent operator N : these are obtained, via the Hyodo-Kato isomorphism (which depends on the choice of a uniformizer π in A) H dR(XK) ∼= H crys(Y/T )Q ⊗K0 K (∗) 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 14F30
Om yrkeskompetanse for tilpasset opplæring - begrepsparene "åpen og skjult tilpasset opplæring" og "små og store metoder"

Tilpasset opplæring er et bærende prinsipp i norsk skole. Det er et mangetydig begrep uten klar forskningsmessig enighet om forståelse og anvendelse, og forskning har vist at det representerer en utfordring for lærere i skolen. Med utgangspunktet i mitt treårige FoU-prosjekt presenterer jeg i denne artikkelen to begrepspar som kan gi et viktig bidrag til forståelsen og operasjonaliseringen av tilpasset opplæring i grunnskolen og også for studenter i deres utvikling fra å være perifere deltagere i praksisfellesskapet til å bli noviser og siden mestere i eget fag. Metaforene ”åpen og skjult tilpasset opplæring” og ”små og store metoder” er utviklet gjennom analyse og tolkning av mine data fra prosjektet. Med utgangspunkt i teori vil begrepene bli belyst gjennom møte øvingslærerne de fiktive navn Sofia, Lars og Ingrid.
Training LSTM-RNN with Imperfect Transcription: Limitations and Outcomes

Bidirectional LSTM-RNN have become one of the standard methods for sequence learning, especially in the context of OCR due to its ability to process unsegmented data and its inherent statistical language modeling [5]. It has recently been shown that training LSTM-RNNs even with imperfect transcriptions can lead to improved transcription results [7, 14]. The statistical nature of the LSTM's inherent language modeling can compensate for some of the errors in the ground truth and learn the correct temporal relations. In this paper we systematically explore the limits of the LSTM's language modeling ability by comparing the impact of imperfect transcriptions with various hand crafted error types and real erroneous data created through segmentation and clustering. We show that training LSTM-RNN with imperfect transcriptions can produce useful OCR models even if the ground truth error is up to 20%. Further we show that it can compensate for some handcrafted error types with error rates of up to 40% almost perfectly.
Optimal Learning for Multi-pass Stochastic Gradient Methods

We analyze the learning properties of the stochastic gradient method when multiple passes over the data and mini-batches are allowed. In particular, we consider the square loss and show that for a universal step-size choice, the number of passes acts as a regularization parameter, and optimal finite sample bounds can be achieved by early-stopping. Moreover, we show that larger step-sizes are allowed when considering mini-batches. Our analysis is based on a unifying approach, encompassing both batch and stochastic gradient methods as special cases.
Endostatin derivative angiogenesis inhibitors.

OBJECTIVE To throw light on the superiority of the anti-angiogenesis activity of endostatin (ES) derivatives by reviewing the recent progress in the field of ES molecular structure modification. DATA SOURCES The data used in this article were mainly from PubMed with relevant English articles published from 1971 to May 2008. The search terms were "endostatin" and "angiothesis". STUDY SELECTION Articles involved in the ES molecular structure modification and the original milestone articles were selected. RESULTS A number of ES derivatives were designed and studied to improve its clinical relevance. The modified ES with polyethylene glycol (PEG), low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and IgG Fc domain extended the circulation half-life. Meanwhile the recombinant ESs showed more potent anti-tumor activity than native ES in mouse xenografts. Mutated ES also changed its anti-angiogenesis activity. CONCLUSIONS The anti-angiogenesis treatment remains a promising tumor therapeutic strategy. New ES derivatives would be a good choice to meet the future challenge on clinical application of ES.
Input-to-state dynamical stability of interconnected systems

We consider networks of input-to-state dynamically stable (ISDS) systems and provide a small gain condition under which the entire network is again ISDS. A Lyapunov formulation of the nonlinear small gain theorem for two interconnected ISDS systems is proved. It provides a constructive method to find an ISDS Lyapunov function for such an interconnection.
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in local cattle breeds of Senegal based on autosomal microsatellite markers

Aim: In Senegal, uncontrolled cross-breeding of cattle breeds and changes in production systems are assumed to lead to an increase of gene flow between populations. This might constitute a relevant threat to livestock improvement. Therewith, this study was carried out to assess the current genetic diversity and the phylogenetic relationships of the four native Senegalese cattle breeds (Gobra zebu, Maure zebu, Djakoré, and N’Dama). Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples of 120 unrelated animals collected from three agro-ecological areas of Senegal according to their phenotypic traits. Genotyping was done using 11 specific highly polymorphic microsatellite makers recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization. The basic measures of genetic variation and phylogenetic trees were computed using bioinformatics’ software. Results: A total of 115 alleles were identified with a number of alleles (Na) at one locus ranging from 6 to 16. All loci were polymorphic with a mean polymorphic information content of 0.76. The mean allelic richness (Rs) lay within the narrow range of 5.14 in N’Dama taurine to 6.10 in Gobra zebu. While, the expected heterozygosity (HE) per breed was high in general with an overall mean of 0.76±0.04. Generally, the heterozygote deficiency (FIS) of 0.073±0.026 was relatively due to inbreeding among these cattle breeds or the occurrence of population substructure. The high values of allelic and gene diversity showed that Senegalese native cattle breeds represented an important reservoir of genetic variation. The genetic distances and clustering trees concluded that the N’Dama cattle were most distinct among the investigated cattle populations. So, the principal component analyses showed qualitatively that there was an intensive genetic admixture between the Gobra zebu and Maure zebu breeds. Conclusions: The broad genetic diversity in Senegalese cattle breeds will allow for greater opportunities for improvement of productivity and adaptation relative to global changes. For the development of sustainable breeding and crossbreeding programs of Senegalese local breeds, effective management is needed towards genetic selection and transhumance to ensure their long-term survival.
A Treatise on Money

Translation by Jeannine Emery The previously published article, Francisco Gomez Camaco, “Introduction,” Journal of Markets & Morality 8, no. 1 (Spring 2005): 167-198, has been formally retracted by the editors of the Journal of Markets & Morality for improper use of published material without attribution. For more information on this retraction, see Jordan J. Ballor, “Editorial: Plagiarism in a Digital Age,” Journal of Markets & Morality 17, no. 2 (Fall 2014): 349-352.
Resilient virtual topologies in optical networks and clouds

Optical networks play a crucial role in the development of Internet by providing a high speed infrastructure to cope with the rapid expansion of high bandwidth demand applications such as video, HDTV, teleconferencing, cloud computing, and so on. Network virtualization has been proposed as a key enabler for the next generation networks and the future Internet because it allows diversification the underlying architecture of Internet and lets multiple heterogeneous network architectures coexist. Physical network failures often come from natural disasters or human errors, and thus cannot be fully avoided. Today, with the increase of network traffic and the popularity of virtualization and cloud computing, due to the sharing nature of network virtualization, one single failure in the underlying physical network can affect thousands of customers and cost millions of dollars in revenue. Providing resilience for virtual network topology over optical network infrastructure thus becomes of prime importance. This thesis focuses on resilient virtual topologies in optical networks and cloud computing. We aim at finding more scalable models to solve the problem of designing survivable logical topologies for more realistic and meaningful network instances while meeting the requirements on bandwidth, security, as well as other quality of service such as recovery time. To address the scalability issue, we present a model based on a column generation decomposition. We apply the cutset theorem with a decomposition framework and lazy constraints. We are able to solve for much larger network instances than the ones in literature. We extend the model to address the survivability problem in the context of optical networks where the characteristics of optical networks such as lightpaths and wavelength continuity and traffic grooming are taken into account. We analyze and compare the bandwidth requirement between the two main approaches in providing resiliency for logical topologies. In the first approach, called optical protection, the resilient mechanism is provided by the optical layer. In the second one, called logical restoration, the resilient mechanism is done at the virtual layer. Next, we extend the survivability problem into the context of cloud computing where the major complexity arises from the anycast principle. We are able to solve the problem for much larger network instances than in the previous studies. Moreover, our model is more comprehensive that takes into account other QoS criteria, such that recovery time and delay requirement.
Focus on Flowering and Reproduction

Flowering plants (angiosperms) emerged on our planet approximately 140 to 160 million years ago and today represent about 90% of the more than 350,000 known plant species ([Paton et al., 2008][1]). Flowers are their reproductive structures, which produce fruits containing one to many seeds. Usually
ASPIRE: Iterative Specification Synthesis for Security

How to perform a systematic security analysis of complex applications is a challenging and open question. Approaches based on formal verification are impeded due to the lack of application specifications. To address this challenge, we propose a framework, called ASPIRE, that enables analysts to automatically synthesize specifications from examples such as application input-output examples and system demonstrations. Our approach starts by synthesizing the initial candidate specifications in a domain specific language that conform to the examples, and iteratively prunes the candidate set by incorporating more user feedback. We implement a prototype of ASPIRE for synthesizing and checking specifications of web applications, although our approach is not limited to web security, and use it in three case studies to demonstrate the discovery of complex vulnerabilities in implementations of real world web applications. Our work is the first to design a general framework that leverages program synthesis techniques for security applications.
Query Graph Visualizer: A visual collaborative querying system

Collaborative querying harnesses the collective search experiences of users for query formulation. We present the Query Graph Visualizer (QGV), a visual collaborative querying system that recommends related queries to a userpsilas submitted query through a network visualization scheme. Users are able to explore the query network and select queries for execution on an information retrieval (IR) system. The design of the QGV is discussed, focusing on its architecture and the implementation of the user interface. An evaluation of the QGV was also conducted to assess the performance of the system against to a conventional search engine. Results indicate that the evaluators who used the QGV completed their tasks much faster compared to those using a search engine alone. A usability evaluation also showed that the system complied with standard user interface heuristics.
Modulation of functionally active endothelin-converting enzyme by chronic neutral endopeptidase inhibition in experimental atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND Endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) processes big endothelin-1 (ET-1) to ET-1, a peptide implicated in atheroma formation. ECE-1 exists in 2 isoforms (ECE-1alpha and ECE-1beta), the result of alternative splicing of a common gene. Neutral endopeptidase (NEP) is a genetically distinct metallopeptidase that degrades the natriuretic peptides. These peptides mediate antiproliferative and vasodilating actions. We sought to demonstrate the distribution of the 2 ECE-1 isoforms in experimental atherosclerosis, to determine the effects of chronic NEP-I on plasma cGMP concentrations, vascular wall ECE-1 activity, and ET-1 concentration, and to correlate these actions with atheroma formation. Our hypothesis was that chronic NEP-I, in association with augmented cGMP, would inhibit ECE-1 conversion of big ET-1 to active ET-1, thus reducing tissue ET-1 concentrations and associated atheroma formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Cholesterol-fed New Zealand White rabbits (n=8, 1% cholesterol diet) and NEP-I-treated cholesterol-fed New Zealand White rabbits (n=8; candoxatril, 30 mg/kg per day, Pfizer) were euthanized after 8 weeks of feeding. ECE-1alpha and ECE-1beta immunoreactivity was present in the aortas of both groups. Compared with control values, plasma cGMP concentrations were increased (2.8+/-0.6 versus 8.4+/-1.2 pmol/mL, P<0.05), ECE-1 activity was attenuated (68+/-3% versus 32+/-8%, P<0. 05), aortic tissue ET-1 concentrations were reduced (4.6+/-0.5 versus 3.2+/-0.3 pg/mg protein, P<0.05), and atheroma formation was attenuated (62+/-6% versus 34+/-5%, P<0.01) by NEP-I. CONCLUSIONS These studies suggest that ECE-1 is present and functionally active in the vascular wall in atherosclerosis. Inhibition of ECE-1 by NEP-I represents a novel approach to interruption of the endothelin system in this cardiovascular disease state.
Allometric Scaling and Resource Limitations Model of Tree Heights: Part 2. Site Based Testing of the Model

The ultimate goal of this multi-article series is to develop a methodology to generate continuous fields of tree height and biomass. The first paper demonstrated the need for Allometric Scaling and Resource Limitation (ASRL) model optimization and its ability to generate spatially continuous fields of tree heights over the continental USA at coarse (1 km) spatial resolution. The objective of this second paper is to provide an assessment of that approach at site scale, specifically at 12 FLUXNET sites where more accurate data are available. Estimates of tree heights from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) waveform data are used for model optimization. Amongst the five possible GLAS metrics that are representative of tree heights, the best metric is selected based on how closely the metric resembles field-measured and Laser Vegetation Imaging Sensor tree heights. In the optimization process, three parameters of the ASRL model (area of single leaf, α; exponent for canopy radius, η; and root absorption efficiency, γ) are simultaneously adjusted to minimize the difference between model predictions and observations at the study sites (distances to valid GLAS footprints ≤ 10 km). Performance of the optimized ASRL model was evaluated through comparisons to the best GLAS metric of tree height using a two-fold cross validation approach (R2 = 0.85; RMSE = 1.81 m) and a bootstrapping approach (R2 = 0.66; RMSE = 2.60 m). The optimized model satisfactorily performed at the site scale, thus corroborating results presented in part one of this series. Future investigations will focus on generalizing these results and extending the model formulation using similar allometric concepts for the estimation of woody biomass.
Are spatial frequency cues used for whisker-based active discrimination?

Rats are highly skilled in discriminating objects and textures by palpatory movements of their whiskers. If they used spatial frequency cues, they would be able to optimize performance in a stimulus dependent way—by moving their whisker faster or slower across the texture surface, thereby shifting the frequency content of the neuronal signal toward an optimal working range for perception. We tested this idea by measuring discrimination performance of head-fixed rats that were trained to actively sample from virtual grids. The virtual grid mimicked discrete and repetitive whisker deflections generated by real objects (e.g., grove patterns) with single electrical microstimulation pulses delivered directly to the barrel cortex, and provided the critical advantage that stimuli could be controlled at highest precision. Surprisingly, rats failed to use the spatial frequency cue for discrimination as a matter of course, and also failed to adapt whisking patterns in order to optimally exploit frequency differences. In striking contrast they could be easily trained to discriminate stimuli differing in electrical pulse amplitudes, a stimulus property that is not malleable by whisking. Intermingling these “easy-to-discriminate” discriminanda with others that solely offered frequency/positional cues, rats could be guided to base discrimination on frequency and/or position, albeit on a lower level of performance. Following this training, abolishment of electrical amplitude cues and reducing positional cues led to initial good performance which, however, was unstable and ran down to very low levels over the course of hundreds of trials. These results clearly demonstrate that frequency cues, while definitely perceived by rats, are of minor importance and they are not able to support consistent modulation of whisking patterns to optimize performance.
Wavefront array processor for video applications

A single-chip MIMD wavefront array processor for video applications is presented. The processor topology is an array of individually programmable mesh-connected cells; processors may be cascaded indefinitely in one or two dimensions. 12-b word width, superscalar RISC cell architecture, and the 125-MHz clock rate are tailored toward the requirement of digital video signal processing. The processor executes statically scheduled data flow programs, propagating data through the array in a wavefront-like manner. The processor is implemented in 0.8- mu double-metal CMOS. It has 1.2 million transistors, a chip area of 150 mm/sup 2/, a pin count of 124, and a maximum power dissipation of 8 W. <<ETX>>
A Client/Server User-Based Collaborative Filtering Algorithm: Model and Implementation

This paper describes a new way of implementing an intelligent web caching service, based on an analysis of usage. Since the cache size in software is limited, and the search for new information is time-consuming, it becomes interesting to automate the process of selecting the most relevant items for each user. We propose a new generic model based on a client/server collaborative filtering algorithm and a behavior modeling process. In order to highlight the benefits of our solution, we collaborated with a company called ASTRA which is specialized in satellite website broadcasting. ASTRA has finalized a system sponsored by advertisement and supplying to users a high bandwidth access to hundreds of websites for free. Our work has been implemented within its software architecture and, in particular, within its recommender system in order to improve the satisfaction of users. Our solution is particularly designed to address the issues of data sparsity, privacy and scalability. Because of the industrial context, we consider the situation where the set of users is relatively stable, whereas the set of items may vary considerably from an execution to another. In addition to the model and its implementation, we present a performance assessment of our technique in terms of computation time and prediction relevancy.
Using semantic cues to learn syntax Citation

We present a method for dependency grammar induction that utilizes sparse annotations of semantic relations. This induction set-up is attractive because such annotations provide useful clues about the underlying syntactic structure, and they are readily available in many domains (e.g., info-boxes and HTML markup). Our method is based on the intuition that syntactic realizations of the same semantic predicate exhibit some degree of consistency. We incorporate this intuition in a directed graphical model that tightly links the syntactic and semantic structures. This design enables us to exploit syntactic regularities while still allowing for variations. Another strength of the model lies in its ability to capture non-local dependency relations. Our results demonstrate that even a small amount of semantic annotations greatly improves the accuracy of learned dependencies when tested on both in-domain and out-of-domain texts.