Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scheduled Service Versus Personal Transportation: The Role of Distance

This paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of the relationship between frequency of scheduled transportation services and their substitutability with personal transportation (using distance as a proxy). We study the interaction between a monopoly firm providing a high-speed scheduled service and private transportation (i.e., car). Interestingly, the carrier chooses to increase the frequency of service on longer routes when competing with personal transportation because by providing higher frequency (at extra cost) it can also charge higher fares which can boost its profits. However, in line with the results of earlier studies, frequency decreases for longer flights when driving is not a viable option. An empirical application of our analysis to the European airline industry confirms the predictions of our theoretical model.
Proposta de utilização do sistema Period Batch Control para redução de lead time em uma empresa de bens de capital

Abstract The goal of this work is to present a proposal for the use of the PBC (Period Batch Control), as well as two prerequisites, namely, to change the policy of quality control and creation of a virtual cell, to reduce the lead time in a company which produces capital goods. Case study research is the methodology used in this paper. Expected results of this implementation indicate that the company can obtain significant benefits by the adoption of PBC, such as 46.42% lead time reduction, reduction on WIP (Work In Process) costs in approximately 51.56% and unproductive time in 31%. These promising results can be achieved by companies with similar characteristics. Academically, this work contribute to increase the dissemination of the PBC, a subject in need of research in Brazil. Keywords Production planning and control. Period batch control. Lead time reduction. Severino, M. R. et al. Proposta de utilizacao do sistema Period Batch Control . bens de capital. Prod. v. 20, n. 4, p. 612-625, 2010625
Chattering‐free adaptive sliding mode control for continuous‐time systems with time‐varying delay and process disturbance

This paper concerns the controller design for continuous‐time linear systems with time‐varying delay and process disturbance. A novel adaptive sliding mode control law is mainly proposed to attract the sliding mode to first‐order sliding surface within a finite time; afterwards, the uniformly ultimately bounded stability of the closed‐loop system on the sliding surface is simultaneously guaranteed. In addition, the chattering phenomena can be conveniently excluded if the disturbance is a low‐intensity process. Once the high‐intensity disturbance is involved, the state variation can be significantly reduced as well. Furthermore, by the technique of a novel exponential free‐matrix technique, the convergence rate of the closed‐loop system can be conveniently preregulated. Numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Analysis of effects of Mobility and Active Route Timeout between Sensor Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks consists of thousands of tiny, low cost, low power and multifunctional sensor nodes where each sensor node has very small battery life. Routing in these networks has been active area of research. Due to dynamic nature of the wireless sensor networks, it is suggested to use reactive routing protocols. One of the popular reactive routing protocols is AODV which is being used with wireless sensor networks. In AODV route discovery overhead is minimized by caching the route for some time after a connection expires and how long each node would keep this information is set by a parameter, ACTIVE-ROUTE-TIMEOUT. We analyzed the performance of AODV by varying the value of ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT from one second to several seconds with the mobility of sensor nodes. Extensive simulation has been done to better characterize the value of ACTIVE-ROUTE-TIMEOUT. General Terms
MULTI-HISTOGRAM BASED FACE TRACKING USING PARTICLE FILTER EMBEDDED IN INCREMENTAL LINEAR DISCRIMINANT MODEL

This paper presents a multi-feature integrated algo rithm which incorporates the particle filter and LDA mode l for face tracking. To solve this drift problem, the discriminant model for each feature is built up by considering face and background information to sepa rate the face from background clutter. Similar to Adaboo st method, we determine the reliability of each featur e by the proposed measuring method, which is used for successive calculation of observation probability i n a particle filter. Moreover, to address the face appe arance variations and background changes, the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) model for each feature is updated by face data which is selected according to the co-training concept. Experimental results showed t he proposed multi-feature integrated algorithm is able to handle face appearance variations including out-ofplane rotation, partial occlusions, varying illuminations , scale or viewpoint changes, and mess background.
Epidemiology of burns in Lithuania during 1991-2004.

UNLABELLED The objective of this article is to overview and present the burn incidence and burn care in Lithuania. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, data from the period of 1991-2004 were collected from the Lithuanian Department of Statistics, Department of Fire and Rescue, Lithuanian Health Information Center, State Patient Fund, health care institutions, burn care facilities. RESULTS In the 14-year period, 9459 persons per year (2.6/1000 population) in average sustained burn injuries. The majority of burned patients (74.8%) were adults and 25.2% were children; 21.5% of all burned patients were hospitalized (2013 inpatients per year). The number of hospitalizations per 100 000 individuals has decreased from 65.6 to 39.5, but it is still very high and worrying. Among all the patients admitted to hospitals, 67% were males and 33% females, with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. The length of hospitalization decreased from 16.2 to 12.7 days. The number of fire-related deaths for the 14-year period was 289 deaths per year (8 per 100 000 persons). The number of deaths among inpatients was 63.6 deaths per year, the age being an important factor in mortality rates. Although the mortality of inpatients has increased in recent years, the mortality in the age group up to 14 years has decreased to 0. Children made up 24.6% of burn patients; among those admitted to hospital, they accounted for 41.1%. Mortality rates for males and females were almost the same. CONCLUSIONS The number of burns is decreasing. The hospitalization rate and hospitalization time are becoming shorter. In the last few years, patients suffer from more severe burns, while children sustain more severe burns requiring hospitalization. Children and working-age persons make up 91.9% of hospitalized burn patients. Number of deaths in fire accidents is increasing.
When it's all piling up: investigating error propagation in an NLP pipeline

We present an analysis of a high-level semantic task, the construction of cross-document event timelines from SemEval 2015 Task 4: TimeLine, to trace down errors to the components of our pipeline system. Event timeline extraction requires many different Natural Language Processing tasks among which entity and event detection, coreference resolution and semantic-role-labeling are pivotal. These tasks yet depend on other low-level analysis. This paper shows where errors come from and whether they are propagated through the different layers. We also show that performance of each of the subtasks is still insufficient for the complex task considered. Finally, we observe that there is not enough semantics and inferencing within the standard NLP techniques to perform well.
Two Panels of Steroid Receptor Luciferase Reporter Cell Lines for Compound Profiling

Steroid hormone receptors represent a major target in drug discovery. As ligand inducible transcription factors, their activity can be modulated by small lipophilic molecules. Here we describe two panels of potent and selective luciferase reporter cell lines based on cells with low endogenous steroid receptor activity (U2OS). The panels contain reporter cell lines for estrogen receptors α and β, androgen, glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and progesterone receptors. In the first panel, the activation of either synthetic, steroid response elements containing promoter or viral promoter is mediated by full-length steroid receptors. The second panel is based on the expression of the chimeric receptor, which was created by the replacement of the N-terminal part of the molecule by Gal4 DBD and that binds to multiple UAS sites in the reporter promoter. Both panels were extensively characterized by profiling 28 ligands in dose response manner in agonist and antagonist mode. We have analyzed and compared the responses to tested ligands from both panels and concluded that in general both systems generated similar qualitative response in terms of potency, efficacy, partial agonism/antagonism, mixed agonistic/antagonistic profiles and the rank of potencies was well conserved between both panels. However, we have also identified some artifacts introduced by the Gal4/LBD reporter assays in contrast to their full-length receptor reporter counterparts. Keeping in mind the advantages and drawbacks of each reporter format, these cell lines represent powerful and selective tools for profiling large compound libraries (HTS) and for detailed study of mechanisms by which compounds exert their biological effects.
Vertical Disparity Affects Shape and Size Judgments across Surfaces Separated in Depth

Vertical binocular disparity provides a useful source of information allowing three-dimensional (3-D) shape to be recovered from horizontal binocular disparity. In order to influence metric shape judgments, a large field of view is required, suggesting that vertical disparity may play a limited role in the perception of objects projecting small retinal images. This limitation could be overcome if vertical disparity information could be pooled over wide areas of 3-D space. This was investigated by assessing the effect of vertical disparity scaling of a large surround surface on the perceived size and 3-D shape of a small, central object. Observers adjusted the size and shape of a virtual, binocularly defined ellipsoid to match those of a real, hand-held tennis ball. The virtual ball was presented at three distances (200, 325, and 450 mm). Vertical disparities in a large surround surface were manipulated to be consistent with a distance of 160 mm or infinity. Both shape and size settings were influenced by this manipulation. This effect did not depend on presenting the surround and target objects at the same distance. These results suggest that the influence of vertical disparity on the perceived distance to a surface also affects the estimated distance of other visible surfaces. Vertical disparities are therefore important in the perception of metric depth, even for objects that in themselves subtend only small retinal images.
Multifeature fusion for robust human detection in thermal infrared imagery

Abstract. Despite all the significant advances in human detection in various environmental conditions, it is still a challenging task. Most of the human detection algorithms mainly use color information, which is not robust to lighting changes and varying colors under which such a detector should operate namely day and nighttime. This problem is further amplified with infrared (IR) imagery, which only contains grayscale information. The proposed algorithm for human detection uses intensity distribution, gradient, and texture features for effective detection of humans in IR imagery. For the detection of intensity, histogram information is obtained in the grayscale channel. For extracting gradients, we utilize the histogram of oriented gradients for better information in the various lighting scenarios. For extracting texture information, center-symmetric local binary pattern gives rotational invariance as well as lighting invariance for robust features under these conditions. Various binning strategies help keep the inherent structure embedded in the features, which provide enough information for robust detection of the humans in the scene. The features are then classified using an AdaBoost classifier to provide a tree-like structure for detection in multiple scales. The algorithm has been trained and tested on IR imagery and has been found to be fairly robust to viewpoint changes and lighting changes in dynamic backgrounds and visual scenes.
Prevalence of malnutrition on admission to four hospitals in England. The Malnutrition Prevalence Group.

AIMS The primary objective was to estimate prevalence of malnutrition on admission to four hospitals. Secondary objectives included assessing the relationship between nutritional status and length of hospital stay, numbers of new prescriptions, new infections and disease severity. METHODS We entered eligible patients according to predefined quotas for elective and emergency admissions to 23 specialties. We measured height, weight, Body Mass Index and anthropometrics, and recorded history of unintentional weight loss. Patients who had lost > or = 10% of their body weight, had a Body Mass Index <20, or had a Body Mass Index <20 with one anthropometric measurement <15th centile were considered malnourished. RESULTS Of 1611 eligible patients, 761 did not participate; 269 were too ill; 256 could not be weighed; and 236 refused consent. Eight hundred and fifty were subsequently evaluated. Prevalence of malnutrition on admission was 20%. Length of stay, new prescriptions and infections and disease severity were significantly higher in the malnourished. CONCLUSIONS One patient in every five admitted to hospital is malnourished. Although this figure is unacceptably high, it may underestimate true prevalence. Malnutrition was associated with increased length of stay, new prescriptions and infections. Malnutrition may also have contributed to disease severity.
Avaliação do teste químico no diagnóstico de intolerância à lactose e sua associação com polimorfismo genético em uma população de Fortaleza/Ce

A intolerância a lactose e uma sindrome clinica composta por um ou mais cortejos sintomatologicos associados a ingestao de lacteos (fenotipo clinico intolerante) e tolerância a lactose na ausencia desses sintomas (fenotipo clinico tolerante). Assim, na pratica clinica, deve-se estar atento aos casos semelhantes a essa sintomatologia disabsortiva, pois as convergencias e diferencas entre esses disturbios sao tenues e os diagnosticos muitas vezes sao imprecisos, tornando o tratamento e a conduta insatisfatorios. Portanto, sao necessarios estudos que utilizem diferentes metodos diagnosticos, assim como comparar os diferentes metodos utilizados na pratica clinica e averiguar o mais apropriado para dar o diagnostico conclusivo, uma vez que nem sempre e facil, haja vista que os sintomas sugerem outras doencas. Objetivo. Avaliar as caracteristicas fenotipicas, a resposta ao teste quimico de tolerância a lactose e genotipo de pacientes com hipotese diagnostica de intolerância a lactose e a correlacao entre eles. Material e metodos. Foi realizado um estudo transversal no Hospital Universitario Walter Cantidio (HUWC), com 173 pacientes que apresentavam fenotipo positivo e foram atendidos no servico do ambulatorio dos servidores do HUWC, no periodo de janeiro a agosto de 2010. A amostra final foi composta por 119 pacientes que realizaram o teste de tolerância a lactose e genotipagem do gene da florizina-lactase hidrolase (LPH). Resultados. Dentre os participantes, a maioria era: do sexo feminino, 54,6% (65 casos); da faixa etaria de 46-55 anos, 26,5% (32 casos); casada, 65,6% (78 casos); de cor parda, 53,8% (65 casos); de nivel superior, 42,9% (51 casos). A prevalencia de intolerância a lactose foi de 45,4% e a de intolerância quimica foi de 73,9%. Os sintomas investigados que apresentaram maior prevalencia no intolerante a lactose foram: flatulencia, 81,4% (44 casos); empachamento, 68,5% (37casos); borborigmo, 59,3% (32 casos); e diarreia, 46,3% (25 casos). A presenca dospolimorfismos C>T-13910 e polimorfismos G>A-22018 no gene da LPH foi identificada nos individuos autorreferidos como intolerantes a lactose, sendo, portanto, um excelente exame para o diagnostico. O diagnostico de intolerância a lactose que mais se apresentou adequado foi a diferenca basal <15 com a curva de ROC maior que 80,3%, com boa sensibilidade e especificidade. Conclusoes. Observa-se uma correlacao genotipica e quimica entre os individuos intolerantes, sugerindo que o teste molecular poderia ser proposto para o diagnostico laboratorial de intolerância a lactose, e, no teste quimico, a diferenca basal <15 foi a mais adequada.
Tutorial 1: MM-wave antenna design and technologies

Today, the wireless communications systems have become an integral part of daily life and continue to evolve in providing better quality and user experience. One of the recent emerging wireless technologies is millimeter wave (mm-wave) technology. It is important to note that mm-wave technology has been known for many decades, but has mainly been deployed for military applications. Over the past 5-6 years, advances in process technologies and low-cost integration solutions have made mm-wave a technology to watch and begun to attract a great deal of interest from academia, industry, and standardization bodies. Millimeter wave technology offers various advantages over current or existing communications systems. One major reason for the recent interest in mm-wave technology is the huge unlicensed bandwidth, around 7 GHz of continuous bandwidth is available in many countries worldwide. This massive spectral space enables densely situated, noninterfering wireless networks to be used in the most bandwidth-starving applications of the future, in all kinds of short-range (<;1 km) wireless communication. This huge bandwidth represents great potential in terms of capacity and flexibility, making mm-wave technology particularly attractive for gigabit wireless applications. Generally, specified requirements for antennas used in mm-wave systems concern gain, radiation efficiency, operating bandwidth, technological reliability, cost, and compatibility with other RF modules. Significant efforts have been made during the past few years for designing and implementing efficient miniaturized antennas for mobiles or radio communications equipments. With the rapid development of advanced millimeter wave systems and applications, highly efficient antennas and RF circuits are required.The tutorial is dedicated to millimeter wave antennas and describes the main features and specificities of millimeter wave frequency range such as: technological and realization difficulties, antenna measurements, need to characterize the dielectric materials and consequences on the antenna performance, etc. Other types of mm-wave antennas and arrays will be presented than the printed antennas, 3D antenna technologies, including lenses, reflectors, leaky-waves, etc. Finally, major civil, military, automotive and medical applications of mm-wave antennas will be presented.
Entrenamiento interválico de moderada intensidad – miit en la rehabilitación cardíaca

The present work aims to reach all physiotherapists working in the area of cardiology and cardiac rehabilitation, which is of vital importance to use moderate intensity intervalial training as part of the cardiac rehabilitation program within the phase II and phase III of the secondary prevention program. Several international organizations support the use of this program, although its use is currently scarce. Moderate intensity intervalial training (MIIT) is also known as aerobic training, which is a method of preparing aerobic endurance that is characterized by performing efforts of average intensity of 60% 80% maximum heart rate with a duration that can last between 15 minutes to several hours. The parameters used by the moderate intensity interval training are: warm-up, intensity interval, duration interval, number interval, intensity recovery and duration of recovery. Within the cardiac rehabilitation program, the physiotherapist is the person in charge of designing the personalized training program adapted to the fundamental principles of Cardiac Rehabilitation: frequency, intensity, duration, type of exercise, and progression of the loads. On the other hand, the session of this program consists of: conditioning (warm-up phase, stretch phase, calisthenics phase and intensity of programmed exercise phase), mechanotherapy (performed by an ergometer or treadmill) and finally the phase Cooling.
Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Capacity from Nypa fruticans Wurmb. Fruit

Nypa fruticans Wurmb. is one of the important underutilized fruit of Malaysia, which lacks scientific attention. Total phenolics, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacities from endosperm extracts of Nypa fruticans (unripe and ripe fruits) were evaluated. Endosperm extract of unripe fruits (EEU) exhibited the highest phenolics (135.6 ± 4.5 mg GAE/g), flavonoid content (68.6 ± 3.1 RE/g), and antioxidant capacity. Free radical scavenging capacity of EEU as assessed by 2-2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radicals showed inhibitory activity of 78 ± 1.2% and 85 ± 2.6%, respectively. Beta carotene bleaching coefficient of EEU was higher (2550 ± 123), when compared to endosperm extract of ripe fruits (1729 ± 172). Additionally, EEU exhibited high antioxidant capacity by phosphomolybdenum method and ferric reducing antioxidant power values. Eight phenolic compounds from Nypa fruticans endosperm extracts were identified and quantified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography. Chlorogenic acid, protocatechuic acid, and kaempferol were the major phenolic compounds. Thus this fruit could be used as a potential source of natural antioxidant.
Antiplatelet resistance in stroke

Although the exact prevalence of antiplatelet resistance in ischemic stroke is not known, estimates about the two most widely used antiplatelet agents – aspirin and clopidogrel – suggest that the resistance rate is high, irrespective of the definition used and parameters measured. Inadequate antiplatelet responsiveness correlates with an increased risk of recurrent ischemic vascular events in patients with stroke and acute coronary syndrome. It is not currently known whether tailoring antiplatelet therapy based on platelet function test results translates into a more effective strategy to prevent secondary vascular events after stroke. Large-scale clinical trials using a universally accepted definition and standardized measurement techniques for antiplatelet resistance are needed to demonstrate whether a ‘platelet-function test-guided antiplatelet treatment’ strategy translates into improved stroke care. This article gives an overview of the clinical importance of laboratory antiplatelet resistance, describes the challenges for platelet-function test-guided antiplatelet treatment and discusses practical issues about the management of patients with aspirin and/or clopidogrel resistance.
Extracting equivalent circuit parameters of a CRLH transmission line

: A method to determine the inductive and capacitive components of the series impedance and shunt admittance for con(cid:12)guring the equivalent circuit of a composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line is proposed. This method uses Z matrices with multiple frequencies obtained via full-wave analysis of an actual CRLH transmission line unit cell structure. Results are presented for the application of the proposed approach to a CRLH microstrip line.