Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electric Machine Design Tool for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines and Induction Machines

The rising mobility demand of today’s society leads to an increasing strain of noise and pollutant emissions on people and the environment. An increasing environmental awareness and the scarcity of fossil fuels are increasingly placing alternative-powered vehicles in the focus of politics, research and development. Electric vehicles represent a promising solution to this problem. The electric machine represents a design control lever for the optimization of the electric powertrain with regard to efficiency, power, weight and size. Therefore, accurate and realistic machine design tools for the design of electric machines are becoming increasingly important. In this paper, the authors present an electric machine design tool for electric machines using MATLAB® in order to enable an automated machine design. The electric machine design tool is published under an LGPL open source license.
Heavy metals : problems and solutions

"Heavy Metals: Problems and Solutions" is divided into three sections dealing with basic geochemical processes, remediation and case studies. The basic geochemical processes are discussed with respect to mobility in the environment and impact as well as methods to derive guidelines for heavy metals. Remediation focuses on currently available methods to treat contaminated sediments and soils. In addition, it considers the concept of geochemical engineering for remediation of large areas contaminated by metals. A number of case studies of polluted sediments and soils and their environmental impact highlight the principles discussed in the first two sections.
UDC 621.865.8:62.505 AUTOMATED PLANNING OF THE OPTIMAL MOVEMENT TRAJECTORIES OF MOBILE MECHATRONIC DEVICES

Summary. The compatible work is considered and the obtained results of the known algorithms generating unobstructed trajectories of different length and smoothness are investigated. Their operation is performed within the framework of the developed software product LSTr. The use of the analyzed set of these algorithms on the set of considered sections of the generated trajectories according to the obtained results allows a differentiated approach to the use of different algorithms on different sections of trajectories, determined by the
The University of Bradford Institutional Repository

— Road traffic management has long been a complex issue and seems likely to continue to be so. Road traffic laws and policies depend on a large number of factors. Making a correct decision for traffic management can be difficult because decision-makers need to analyze and absorb a large quantity of information. This information can be vague and sometime conflicting in nature. Therefore, there is a need for a better control and a reliable and consistent system to help simplify the traffic decision making process. By incorporating the variables involved in traffic management such as the numbers of accidents, traffic violations, and traffic policemen on duty into an artificial intelligence technique, it is possible to build a traffic decision making system to help decision makers for analysis of traffic laws and policies. This paper proposes a decision support system using fuzzy logic to provide recommendations on whether traffic decision makers should, for example, give priority to increasing the number of traffic po-licemen on duty, increasing fines, or installing better/more safety devices. Fuzzy Logic allows us to measure imprecise and dynamic factors and to arrive at a reasonable judgment. A case study for Riyadh Region Traffic in Saudi Arabia has been analyzed using the proposed decision making system.
Single simulation platform for both optical and radio frequency induced thermoacoustic tomography

Thermoacoustic imaging is a hybrid technique that can provide functional and molecular information of deep tissue at lower cost using non-harmful radiation compared to competing methods. It primarily maps electro- magnetic absorption contrast at both optical and radio frequencies (RF) with ultrasonic spatial resolution. In standard practice, different simulation tools are combined to simulate the hybrid thermoacoustic imaging process, which requires communication between several software packages. A general purpose solver is critical for thermoacoustic simulations, as a variety of phenomenon must be modeled in order to represent the physical reality. Here we present ONELAB as a single simulation platform for numerically simulating thermoacoustic imaging, where optical or RF propagation inside the tissue is solved in the forward excitation path, and ultra- sound propagation is solved during the backward detection path. Our validation experiments using simulation platforms mimicking both optical and RF properties of biological tissue demonstrated that ONELAB can accurately model thermoacoustic imaging. The advantages of ONELAB include a completely open source software platform that does not depend on any specific/standard software to operate. ONELAB provides a finite element meshing utility as well as a general purpose finite element solver.
Change, Economic Analysis

This paper discusses the limitations, omissions and value judgments of the application of conventional economic analysis in the evaluation of climate change mitigation policies. It is argued that these have biased the result of the assessment models towards the recommendation of less aggressive mitigation strategies. Consequently, this paper questions whether they provide appropriate policy recommendations. The unequal distribution of rights implicitly assumed in conventional economic analyses applied to climate change is questioned and an alternative approach considering a distribution of rights consistent with sustainable development is put forward. Finally, the points that an analysis consistent with sustainable development should take into account are presented.
Quantifying stream phosphorus dynamics and total suspended Quantifying stream phosphorus dynamics and total suspended sediment export in forested watersheds in Vermont sediment export in forested watersheds in Vermont

Globally the quantity of reactive phosphorus (P) in soils, streams and groundwater has greatly increased throughout the 20th and early 21st centuries. This phenomenon is problematic in Vermont, evidenced by the repeated cyanobacteria blooms in shallow bays in Lake Champlain. While many studies have focused on P dynamics in agricultural watersheds, there is limited information on P dynamics in forested watersheds. Current remediation plans under the Lake Champlain total maximum daily loads (TMDL) call for substantial reductions in P loadings from forested areas of the basin. However, the lack of information and knowledge regarding forest P dynamics limits management and remediation plans. This study was conducted in three small forested watersheds, ranging in size from 2.5 to 8.3 square kilometers that have been managed under varying practices, including logging and maple sugaring. All three watersheds drain into Missisquoi Bay, a shallow bay in Lake Champlain that consistently has seasonal algal blooms. Streams in the forested watersheds were instrumented with turbidity sensors and pressure transducers to measure stage. A rating curve was developed during field visits to relate stage to discharge. Water samples were collected from May through November 2017 using ISCO Automated Samplers. A total of twenty storm events were captured, along with periodic baseflow sampling, and these data were used to characterize P concentrations and calculate seasonal P loadings. Results indicate that there is a strong positive relationship between turbidity, total suspended sediment and total phosphorus concentrations (R 2 ranging from 0.64 to 0.83). The results of this project provide insight into transport of P and total suspended sediment within forested catchments of Lake Champlain tributaries. In particular, the research shows that fluxes in total phosphorus are linked to fluxes in total suspended sediment and that the overall monthly totals of P being exported from forested catchments are low, relative to urban, suburban and agricultural areas.
Investigation of Bovills landslip, near Devonport, Tasmania

Bovills Slip occurs in weathered basalt colluvium at the base of a coastal scarp about 2 km east of Devonport on the north coast of Tasmania. The colluvium consists of red-brown fissured silty clay with rock fragments. Many landslips occur in colluvial soils on the coastal scarp and also in basalt-derived soils elsewhere. Thus a detailed investigation and stability analysis of Bovills Slip is relevant to the general slope failure problem in Tasmania. Pore water pressures measured with open standpipe piezometers show a correlation with rainfall, with peak pressures occurring during wet winter months. Effective shear strength parameters were determined by both multi-stage direct shear tests and consolidated undrained triaxial tests with pore pressure measurements. Different residual shearing mechanisms were recognised in the shear box tests. Significantly different values of residual strength were associated with these different mechanisms. The fully softened strength parameters appropriate for the analysis of first-time landslips were investigated by both triaxial and shear box tests. For the soil tested both the residual and fully softened effective friction angles showed a pattern of dependence on the plasticity. Surface movements have been monitored by repeated surveys, and subsurface movements have been monitored by regularly checking piezometer tubes for deformation. After heavy rain, in August 1981, the landslip moved by 20 to 30 mm. A two dimensional model of the August 1981 failure has been analysed by limit equilibrium methods. The factor of safety is most sensitive to variations in piezometric head and cohesion. Analysis has been used to assess the relative change in factor of safety (stability) caused by changes in the slope and by remedial measures. The stability was reduced when the slope was undercut by roadworks in 1973, and the first movements caused a decrease in shear strength of the soil. Downslope movements have produced shape changes which have tended to increase the factor of safety. Toe drainage, toe surcharge, 'and re-grading have already resulted in increased stability. Subsurface drainage, although effective, would be relatively expensive. Lime stabilisation and tree planting were also considered. In the long term well established trees may increase the factor of safety by as much as 50%. Possible future research on landslips in Tasmania is discussed in order to demonstrate how the results of this detailed investigation may be used as a starting point for regional studies.
What is behind the variation in mate quality dependent sex ratio adjustment? – A meta-analysis Meta analysis

Theory predicts that parents adjust the sex ratio of their brood to the sexually selected traits of their mate because the reproductive success of sons may be more dependent on inherited paternal attractiveness than that of daughters. Empirical studies vary in terms of whether they support the theory, and this variation has often been regarded as evidence against sex ratio adjustment or has been ascribed to methodological differences. Applying phylogenetic meta-analyses, we aimed to find biological explanations for the variation observed in songbirds. In particular, we tested the role extra-pair paternity, because infidelity occurs in the majority of these species and may reduce the adaptive value of adjusting brood sex ratio to the phenotype of the social mate. However, we found that the variation in effect sizes was unrelated to the proportion of extra-pair paternity. Thus future studies should consider that mate quality dependent sex ratio adjustment may be driven by direct (material) rather than indirect (genetic) benefits. We also tested if the effect sizes are influenced by whether the focal male trait is indeed under sexual selection as it is assumed by the sex allocation theory. We found that for male traits with proven role in sexual selection, effect sizes significantly differed from the null expectation of random production of sons and daughters. For male traits with only presumed sexual role in sexual selection, the deviation from the null expectation was less convincing, and the effect sizes were significantly smaller. This result indicates that studies that neglect the assumptions of the hypotheses concerned, may lead to the underestimation of the mean effect size and, eventually, false conclusions.
2017) The significance of consciousness studies and quantum physics for creating a spiritual research paradigm. Journal for the Study of Spirituality, 7 (1). pp.

The purpose of this paper is to argue that researchers interested in studying spirituality may benefit from paying attention to the phenomenon of consciousness. Despite consciousness being integral to human experience, it is largely ignored in research into spirituality. Yet there is evidence to suggest that the study of spirituality, and explorations of consciousness, have much to offer each other. My contention is that the subject of consciousness has not received much attention within mainstream social and educational research, due to the prevailing, often unconscious, influence of Newtonian science, which assumes consciousness to be an epiphenomenon of the brain. However developments in science, particularly in quantum physics, have shown that the world cannot be explained by Newtonian principles of separation and atomism. At the same time, a growing disillusionment with science has resulted in the emergence of a grassroots spirituality which challenges a materialist scientific paradigm. In science and spirituality, there is an increasing realisation of the interconnectedness of everything, with the quantum principle of ‘entanglement’ suggesting that differentiation between ‘objectivity’ and ‘subjectivity’ is an artificial one. Instead there is a meaningful relationship between experiences of consciousness in inner and outer worlds, with neither existing independently of the other. I conclude by presenting a case for developing research methods which reflect a secular spiritual world view that creates harmony between science, spirituality and our experience of consciousness.
Korean Society of Nephrology 2022 Recommendations on controversial issues in diagnosis and management of hyponatremia

The Korean Society for Electrolyte and Blood Pressure Research, in collaboration with the Korean Society of Nephrology, has published a clinical practice guideline (CPG) document for hyponatremia treatment. The document is based on an extensive evidence-based review of the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia with the multidisciplinary participation of representative experts in hyponatremia with methodologist support for guideline development. This CPG consists of 12 recommendations (two for diagnosis, eight for treatment, and two for special situations) based on eight detailed topics and nine key questions. Each recommendation begins with statements graded by the strength of the recommendations and the quality of the evidence. Each statement is followed by rationale supporting the recommendations. The committee issued conditional recommendations in favor of rapid intermittent bolus administration of hypertonic saline in severe hyponatremia, the use of vasopressin receptor antagonists in heart failure with hypervolemic hyponatremia, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis with moderate to severe hyponatremia, the individualization of desmopressin use, and strong recommendation on the administration of isotonic fluids as maintenance fluid therapy in hospitalized pediatric patients. We hope that this CPG will provide useful recommendations in practice, with the aim of providing clinical support for shared decision-making to improve patient outcomes.
Diversity and of tree species in tropical forests of Northcentral Eastern Ghats, India

Premavani D, Naidu MT, Kumar OA, Venkaiah M. 2017. Diversity and distribution of tree species in tropical forests of Northcentral Eastern Ghats, India. Asian J For 1: 27-32. Tropical forests are among the most biodiversity rich ecosystems in the world, yet they are understudied. The diversity and stand structure of tree species were studied in three 1-ha sites of tropical deciduous forests in the northcentral Eastern Ghats of India. The phytosociological data from forest sites were analyzed quantitatively to determine the species diversity, richness, basal area and stand density. A total of 1,507 individuals of 104 plant taxa, pertaining to 82 genera under 41 families were enumerated at ≥15 cm gbh (girth at breast height) using belt transects (5 m × 1000 m). Tree stand density varied from 371-660 individuals per ha while average basal area ranged from 14.54 – 46.51 m 2 ha -1 . Shannon-Weiner Index (H') ranged from 0.97-0.98, evenness index ranged from 0.70-0.79 and Margalef richness index ranged from 10.54 – 10.82. The most dominant families were Rubiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Moraceae, and Verbenaceae. Our results suggest further development of forest management and biodiversity conservation in Eastern Ghats region.
Prevalence of Chronic Endometritis in Unexplained Implantation Prevalence of Chronic Endometritis in Unexplained Implantation Failure Failure

Background : The actual load of chronic endometritis (CE) in the general population and implantation failure are still ill-de ﬁ ned. Aim : The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of CE at hysteroscopy and histology, in cases with implantation failure at Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). Patients and methods : The International Islamic Center for Population Studies and Research at Al-Azhar University performed this prospective observational cross-sectional research from 2017 to 2022. The study was conducted on 150 women with one unexplained implantation failure or more at ICSI. Results : Histopathological examination con ﬁ rmed the diagnosis of CE in 55/66 cases suspected to have CE by hys-teroscopy (true positive), while 11 cases were found to be free from CE (false positive). However, histopathological examination con ﬁ rmed the absence of CE in 82/84 negative cases by hysteroscopy (true negative), while only two cases were found to have CE (false negative). In our study, hysteroscopy is the trustworthy CE diagnostic method for CE in unexplained implantation failure with sensitivity, speci ﬁ city, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value such as 96.5, 88.17, 91.3, 83.3, and 97.6%, respectively. Conclusion : According to this research, hysteroscopy is a useful diagnostic tool in women with unexplained implantation failure as regards CE diagnosis. However, endometrial samples should be obtained during hysteroscopy to increase the diagnostic accuracy.
Developing minimum clinical standards for physiotherapy in South African ICUs: A qualitative study

RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES Physiotherapists are integral members of the intensive care unit (ICU) team. Clinicians working in ICU are dependent on their own experience when making decisions regarding individual patient management thus resulting in variation in clinical practice. No formalized clinical practice guidelines or standards exist for the educational profile or scope of practice requirements for ICU physiotherapy. This study explored perceptions of physiotherapists on minimum clinical standards that ICU physiotherapists should adhere to for delivering safe, effective physiotherapy services to critically ill patients. METHOD Experienced physiotherapists offering a service to South African ICUs were purposively sampled. Three focus group sessions were held in different parts of the country to ensure national participation. Each was audio recorded. The stimulus question posed was "What is the minimum standard of clinical practice needed by physiotherapists to ensure safe and independent practice in South African ICUs? " Three categories were explored, namely, knowledge, skill, and attributes. Themes and subthemes were developed using the codes identified. An inductive approach to data analysis was used to perform conventional content analysis. RESULTS Twenty-five physiotherapists participated in 1 of 3 focus group sessions. Mean years of ICU experience was 10.8 years (±7.0; range, 3-33). Three themes emerged from the data namely, integrated medical knowledge, multidisciplinary teamwork, and physiotherapy practice. Integrated medical knowledge related to anatomy and physiology, conditions that patients present with in ICU, the ICU environment, pathology and pathophysiology, and pharmacology. Multidisciplinary teamwork encompassed elements related to communication, continuous professional development, cultural sensitivity, documentation, ethics, professionalism, safety in ICU, and technology. Components related to physiotherapy practice included clinical reasoning, handling skills, interventions, and patient care. CONCLUSIONS The information obtained will be used to inform the development of a list of standards to be presented to the wider national physiotherapy and ICU communities for further consensus-building activities.
The Mediating Effect of Innovation Capability Towards Export Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Sri Lanka

Export is one of the most important factors influencing economic growth. As a developing country, a systematic action plan is needed to expand the export sector because Sri Lanka’s economy is largely dependent on international trade. Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role to develop the export performance of a country. entrepreneurial orientation and innovation capabilities are important factors that directly affected on internationalization of SMEs. There is no research done in the past to identify the mediating effect of innovation capability on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and export performance. Accordingly, this study intended to fill the gap by testing the mediating effect of innovation capability on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and export performance. In this context, the objective of this research is to examine the mediating effect of Innovation capabilities on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and export performance of SMEs in Sri Lanka. This study followed a quantitative research design to examine the above relationship by using the processing technique. The examined population in this research are the exporters who have export turnover below Rs. 150 Mn. Data is collected through a structured questionnaire distributed among 200 exporters. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyze the collected data using SPSS. The study found that innovation capability has a partial mediation effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and export performance. Accordingly, SMEs should improve the level of entrepreneurial orientation and, innovation capability to improve the export performance of SMEs.
Kālacakra and the Tibetan Calendar

Kalacakra and the Tibetan Calender describes the contents of current Tibetan almanacs, from basic mathmatics to symbolic and historical information. Essential for understanding the Kalacakra Tantra's first chapter, this book describes the origin of the calendrical systems in this Tantra and translates and elucidates the relevant sections from its famous commentary, the Vimalaprabha. The main calenders in use in Tibet today have remained unchanged since the 15th century, when lamas in several different traditions tried to make sense of the calculation systems they had inherited from India, and to adjust them to remove increasingly obvious errors. This book analyzes the main systems that survive today, assesing their accuracy and comparing them with the methods described in the original Tantra. Published by American Institute of Buddhist Studies (AIBS)