Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quaternion Frenet Frames : Making Optimal Tubes and Ribbons from Curves

Our purpose here is to show how the quaternion formalism can be applied with great success not only to the interpolation between coordinate frames, but also to a remarkably elegant description of the evolving coordinate-frame geometry of curves. Speci c applications of these techniques include the generation of optimal renderable ribbons and tubes corresponding to smooth mathematical curves appearing in computer graphics or scienti c visualization applications. The correspondence between the orientation of a 3D object represented by a 3 3 orthonormal matrix in the group SO(3) and unit quaternions has long been known to physicists (see, e.g., (Misner et al. 1973)) and mathematicians (see, e.g., (Helgason 1962, Cartan 1981)), and was brought to the attention of the computer graphics community by (Shoemake 1985). Unit quaternions are isomorphic to the topological 3-sphere S, which is also the topological space of the Lie group SU(2), the simply connected twofold cover of the group SO(3) describing rotations in ordinary 3D Euclidean space. The key motivation for representing 3D rotations in terms of quaternions is the fact that the geodesics in S correspond to beautiful interpolations between coordinate frames in 3D space that cannot be directly achieved with other rotation representations such as Euler angles. Below, we show how to extend this general structure to moving coordinate frames of space curves.
Dynamic NMFs with Temporal Regularization for Online Analysis of Streaming Text

Learning a dictionary of basis elements with the objective of building compact data representations is a problem of fundamental importance in statistics, machine learning and signal processing. In many settings, data points appear as a stream of high dimensional feature vectors. Streaming datasets present new twists to the dictionary learning problem. On one hand, dictionary elements need to be dynamically adapted to the statistics of incoming datapoints, and on the other hand, early detection of rising new trends is important in many applications. The analysis of social media streams (e.g., tweets, blog posts) is a prime example of such a setting where topics of social discussions need to be continuously tracked while new emerging themes need to be rapidly detected. We formalize such problems in terms of online learning of data-dependent, dynamic non-negative dictionaries with novel forms of temporal regularization. We describe a scalable optimization framework for our algorithms and report empirical results on simulated streams and real-world news stories.
Communications for distributed state estimation in CPSs with application in smart grids

Topological entropy is a key quantity characterizing the complexity, or the information generation rate, of deterministic dynamical process. It provides the lower bound on the amount of communications for reliable state estimation in cyber physical systems (CPSs). In order to study distributed state estimation in CPSs, product topological entropy, based on product covering and motivated by the theory of communication complexity, is proposed. Three similar definitions of product topological entropy are proposed and compared, which are applied to the evaluation of the communication requirement in distributed system state estimation. Algorithms for numerically and approximately computing the product topological entropy are proposed and then applied in the context of smart grids.
A revision of the Palaearctic species of Myrmecopora Saulcy, 1864. V. New taxa and new records (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Falagriini).

Zwei Arten und eine Untergattung werden beschrieben: Myrmecopora (s. str.) virilis sp. n. (zentrale Sudturkei), Anatolagria subgen. n. und Myrmecopora (Anatolagria) effeminata sp. n. (zentrale Sudturkei), die Typusart von Anatolagria. Habitus und die Sexualmerkmale werden abgebildet. Die Verbreitung von M. effeminata wird anhand einer Karte illustriert. Fur mehrere Myrmecopora-Arten werden weitere Nachweise gemeldet.StichworterColeoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Falagriini, Myrmecopora, Palaearctic region, Turkey, taxonomy, new subgenus, new species, new records, myrmecophily.Nomenklatorische HandlungenAnatolagria Assing, 2004 (Myrmecopora), sgen. n.effeminata Assing, 2004 (Myrmecopora (Anatolagria)), spec. n.virilis Assing, 2004 (Myrmecopora (Myrmecopora)), spec. n.
Glaucomatous-Like Cupping Associated with Slow-Growing Supra-Sellar Intracranial Lesions

Purpose: To demonstrate that slow-growing intracranial suprasellar mass lesions can be associated with optic disc cupping, clinically indistinguishable from glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Cases: At a neuro-ophthalmology tertiary clinic, a retrospective chart review identified four patients of presumed normal tension glaucoma and supra-sellar tumors. In all four patients with normal intraocular pressure, the appearance of the optic disc resembled typical glaucomatous optic nerve damage with disc cupping and parapapillary atrophy. Conclusion: In few patients, typical glaucomatous abnormalities of the optic nerve head may occur in association with slow-growing suprasellar tumors.
Genes and quantitative genetic variation involved with senescence in cells, organs, and the whole plant

Senescence, the deterioration of morphological, physiological, and reproductive functions with age that ends with the death of the organism, was widely studied in plants. Genes were identified that are linked to the deterioration of cells, organs and the whole plant. It is, however, unclear whether those genes are the source of age dependent deterioration or get activated to regulate such deterioration. Furthermore, it is also unclear whether such genes are active as a direct consequence of age or because they are specifically involved in some developmental stages. At the individual level, it is the relationship between quantitative genetic variation, and age that can be used to detect the genetic signature of senescence. Surprisingly, the latter approach was only scarcely applied to plants. This may be the consequence of the demanding requirements for such approaches and/or the fact that most research interest was directed toward plants that avoid senescence. Here, I review those aspects in turn and call for an integrative genetic theory of senescence in plants. Such conceptual development would have implications for the management of plant genetic resources and generate progress on fundamental questions raised by aging research.
Robust finite-time stability analysis of fractional order time delay systems: new results

In this paper, a stability test procedure is proposed for perturbed nonlinear nonhomogeneous fractional order systems with a pure time delay. Sufficient conditions of this kind of stability are derived for particular class of fractional time-delay systems using generalized Gronwall inequality. A numerical example is given to illustrate the validity of the proposed procedure.
Aversive tension of adolescents with anorexia nervosa in daily course: a case-controlled and smartphone-based ambulatory monitoring trial

Introduction Monitoring and reduction of aversive tension is a core issue in dialectical behaviour therapy of patients. It has been shown that aversive tension is increased in adult borderline personality disorder and is linked to low emotion labelling ability. However, until now there is no documented evidence that patients with anorexia nervosa suffer from aversive tension as well. Furthermore the usability of a smartphone application for ambulatory monitoring purposes has not been sufficiently explored. Methods and analysis We compare the mean and maximum self-reported aversive tension in 20 female adolescents (12–19 years) with anorexia nervosa in outpatient treatment with 20 healthy controls. They are required to answer hourly, over a 2-day period, that is, about 30 times, four short questions on their smartphone, which ensures prompt documentation without any recall bias. At the close out, the participants give a structured usability feedback on the application and the procedure. Ethics and dissemination The achieved result of this trial has direct relevance for efficient therapy strategies and is a prerequisite for trials regarding dialectical behaviour therapy in anorexia nervosa. The results will be disseminated through peer-review publications. The ethics committee of the regional medical association in Mainz, Germany approved the study protocol under the reference number 837.177. 13. Trial Registration number The trial is registered at the German clinical trials registration under the reference number DRKS00005228.
Generalized frames and their redundancy

Let h be a generalized frame in a separable Hilbert space H indexed by a measure space ( M; S ;(cid:22) ), and assume its analysing operator is surjective. It is shown that h is essentially discrete; that is, the correspond- ing index measure space ( M; S ;(cid:22) ) can be decomposed into atoms E 1 ;E 2 ; (cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1) such that L 2 ( (cid:22) ) is isometrically isomorphic to the weighted space ‘ 2 w of all sequences f c i g of complex numbers with jjf c i gjj 2 = P j c i j 2 w i < 1 , where w i = (cid:22) ( E i ) ; i = 1 ; 2 ; (cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1) : This provides a new proof for the redundancy of the windowed Fourier transform as well as any wavelet family in L 2 ( R ).
Modifiable Treemaps Containing Variable-Shaped Units

This paper presents a novel method, for the visualization of hierarchical information such as directory structures or family trees. Our technique is based on nested Treemaps and inherits the main property of the Treemaps: space-filling display of hierarchical information. For each node, our technique allocates a bounding box according to a ratio (height/width) that can be modified by the user according to her/his task. To do so, our algorithm does not apply the slice and dice (top-down) approach of standard Treemaps. Our technique is effective, easy to implement and has a wide applicability. To illustrate its application, we developed a system called PARENT which displays a directory tree. PARENT is tightly coupled with Microsoft Windows Explorer. CR
Bidirectional branch and bound based antenna selection in massive MIMO systems

Antenna selection is a low cost solution to massive MIMO systems. There are two well-known design criteria of antenna selection in MIMO systems, i.e., maximizing MIMO capacity and maximizing post-processed Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). This paper focuses on the latter one that can be achieved by selecting the largest Minimum Singular Value (MSV) of channel submatrices. A novel antenna selection is proposed by using the bidirectional Branch And Bound (BAB) searching algorithm to find the globally optimal channel submatrix with largest MSV. Simulation results demonstrate that, with both independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) and sparse channels, the proposed method not only can achieve the same Bit Error Rate (BER) as the exhaustive search, but also has much lower complexity than the exhaustive search. Although the bidirectional BAB based antenna selection still has a high complexity, it can serve as a benchmark purpose for the future low complexity antenna selection design, especially when the exhaustive search is infeasible in massive MIMO systems, which is the main motivation of this paper.
Trabecular bone scales allometrically in mammals and birds

Many bones are supported internally by a latticework of trabeculae. Scaling of whole bone length and diameter has been extensively investigated, but scaling of the trabecular network is not well characterized. We analysed trabecular geometry in the femora of 90 terrestrial mammalian and avian species with body masses ranging from 3 g to 3400 kg. We found that bone volume fraction does not scale substantially with animal size, while trabeculae in larger animals' femora are thicker, further apart and fewer per unit volume than in smaller animals. Finite element modelling indicates that trabecular scaling does not alter the bulk stiffness of trabecular bone, but does alter strain within trabeculae under equal applied loads. Allometry of bone's trabecular tissue may contribute to the skeleton's ability to withstand load, without incurring the physiological or mechanical costs of increasing bone mass.
Thiamin Confers Enhanced Tolerance to Oxidative Stress in Arabidopsis1[W][OA]

Thiamin and thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) are well known for their important roles in human nutrition and enzyme catalysis. In this work, we present new evidence for an additional role of these compounds in the protection of cells against oxidative damage. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants subjected to abiotic stress conditions, such as high light, cold, osmotic, salinity, and oxidative treatments, accumulated thiamin and TPP. Moreover, the accumulation of these compounds in plants subjected to oxidative stress was accompanied by enhanced expression of transcripts encoding thiamin biosynthetic enzymes. When supplemented with exogenous thiamin, wild-type plants displayed enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress induced by paraquat. Thiamin application was also found to protect the reactive oxygen species-sensitive ascorbate peroxidase1 mutant from oxidative stress. Thiamin-induced tolerance to oxidative stress was accompanied by decreased production of reactive oxygen species in plants, as evidenced from decreased protein carbonylation and hydrogen peroxide accumulation. Because thiamin could protect the salicylic acid induction-deficient1 mutant against oxidative stress, thiamin-induced oxidative protection is likely independent of salicylic acid signaling or accumulation. Taken together, our studies suggest that thiamin and TPP function as important stress-response molecules that alleviate oxidative stress during different abiotic stress conditions.
8 Complement Receptors in Inflammation

Complement was first discovered in 1889 as a bactericidal protein, distinct from heat stable antibodies present in normal serum. Since that time, it has been shown that the complement system is a biochemical cascade, comprised of more than 30 fluid phase and membraneassociated proteins, normally present as inactive forms. The complement system can be activated by different sequential cascades of enzymatic reactions (described below) in which proteins are sequentially cleaved and activated. The resulting effector molecules, C3a and C5a (also known as anaphylatoxins) are the most potent complement activation products, showing diverse activities on many cell types ranging from chemoattraction to apoptosis. The main target cells carry specialized complement receptors through which anaphylatoxins participate in host defense, inflammatory processes, and immune responses. The complement system plays an essential role in innate immunity by defending the host against bacterial, viral, and parasitic invasion. Complement proteins promote opsonisation and/or phagocytosis and intracellular killing of these pathogens by immune effector cells such as macrophage and neutrophils. Complement proteins, particularly those of the classical pathway, aid in the processing of immune complexes and in protection against the development of immune complex diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recently, it has become evident that the complement system also regulates adaptive immunity involving B and T cells that help in the elimination of pathogens. Furthermore, the engagement of complement receptors on antigen-presenting cells (APC) and other immune cells leads to production of immunoregulatory cytokines. Not only is complement involved in innate and adaptive immunity, it is also involved in pathological conditions. For example, in allergic disease complement proteins participate in the development of an inflammatory reaction. The complement pathways are also activated in patients with sepsis, allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, and allergic skin conditions such as urticaria. This chapter will outline how complement proteins, C3a and C5a, and their complement receptors regulate inflammation.
Changing patterns in the histopathology of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children.

BACKGROUND It is widely accepted that minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is the most common cause of nephrosis in children. Recent studies have demonstrated an increasing incidence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in adults. METHODS To determine possible changes in the etiology of childhood nephrosis, the clinical charts of 152 pediatric patients diagnosed with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome between 1978 and 1997 were reviewed. Histopathological diagnosis was available in 105 patients. RESULTS MCNS was present in 35% of all biopsies, whereas FSGS was observed in 31%. Even if we assume that all patients without a histological diagnosis had MCNS (presumptive MCNS), the total incidence of MCNS (biopsy proven + presumptive) in our population was only 55%. We observed a dramatic increase in the incidence of FSGS during recent years. Before 1990, FSGS was diagnosed in 23% of all renal biopsies but increased to 47% afterward (P = 0.02). This pattern was observed in all ethnic groups. In African Americans, there was a trend for an increase in the incidence of FSGS from 38% before 1990 to 69% after 1990. A similar trend was observed in Caucasians (from 20 to 45%) and Hispanics (from 8 to 33%) Hispanics had the highest incidence of MCNS (biopsy proven + presumptive: 73%), followed by Caucasians (53%) and African Americans (37%). The mean age for presentation of nephrotic syndrome in African Americans (8.0 +/- 0.9 years) was higher than in Caucasians (4.1 +/- 0.05) and Hispanics (3.3 +/- 0.5). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the incidence of FSGS in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome has increased recently. Furthermore, in African American children. FSGS is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome. These findings may have significant implications in the management of childhood nephrotic syndrome.
Study of III-V nanostructures on GaP for lasing emission on Si

This PhD work focuses on the study of III-V semiconductor nanostructures for the development of laser on Si substrate in a pseudomorphic approach. GaP-based alloys and more specifically dilute nitride GaPN-based alloys are expected to guarantee a low density of crystalline defects through a perfect lattice-matched growth. An extended tight-binding model is first presented to deal with the theoretical challenges for the simulation of electronic and optical properties of semiconductor structures grown on GaP or Si substrate. The optical properties of bulk GaPN and GaAsPN alloys are then studied through temperature dependent continuous wave photoluminescence and time-resolved photoluminescence experiments. The potential of GaAsPN/GaP quantum wells as a laser active zone is discussed in the framework of both theoretical simulations (with the tight-binding model) and experimental studies (with temperature dependent and time-resolved photoluminescence). In particular, the N-induced disorder effects are highlighted. The AlGaP alloy is then proposed as a candidate for the cladding layers. A significant refractive index contrast between AlGaP and GaP is measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry which may lead to a good confinement of the optical mode in a laser structure. The issue of band alignment is highlighted. Solutions based on the quaternary GaAsPN alloy are proposed. Finally, the InGaAs/GaP quantum dots are studied as an alternative to GaAsPN/GaP quantum wells for the active zone. The growth of a high quantum dot density and room temperature photoluminescence are achieved. The electronic band structure is studied by time-resolved photoluminescence and pressure dependent photoluminescence as well as tight-binding and k.p simulations. It demonstrates that the ground optical transition involves mainly X-conduction states.
Oncogenic microRNA 17-92 cluster is regulated by epithelial cell adhesion molecule and could be a potential therapeutic target in retinoblastoma

Purpose Several miRNAs have been reported as candidate oncogenes and tumor suppressors, which are involved in the pathways specifically altered during tumorigenesis or metastasis. The miR 17–92 cluster located in 13q31 locus might contribute to retinoblastoma (RB) oncogenesis as 13q31 is amplified often in RB. We attempted to identify the factors involved in the regulation of miR 17–92 cluster in RB. Methods Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR was performed to study the expression of the miR 17–92 cluster in primary RB tumors and in Y79 cells after epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) silencing. EpCAM was silenced using siRNA and confirmed by western blotting. The Y79 cells were transfected with individual and mixed antagomirs and studied the cell viability by (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, invasion by matrigel analysis and caspase-3 expression by flow cytometry. Results The relative expression of miR 17–92 cluster, compared to that of a normal retina, ranged from 25 to 220 fold (p<0.0001), miR-18 being highly expressed in RB. Post EpCAM silencing resulted in a significant decrease (p<0.01) in the expression of the miR 17–92 cluster by 4 to eightfold in Y79 cells. Y79 cells transfected with an antagomirs mix (all 5 miRNAs) showed decreased cell viability (p<0.001) and cell invasion (p<0.001). Similarly, Y79 cells treated with antagomirs mix showed increased expression of caspase-3 (p<0.001), which confirms the anti-proliferative effect of antagomirs. Conclusions This study has showed varied expression of the miR17–92 cluster in primary RB tumors. EpCAM influences miR 17–92 cluster expression in retinoblastoma. In addition, we showed that the miR 17–92 cluster plays a role in RB cell proliferation and invasion. Therefore, targeting the miRNA 17–92 cluster may be beneficial for controlling Y79/RB cell proliferation and invasion.
Influence of Boundary Scavenging and Sediment Focusing on 234 Th, 228 Th and 210 Pb Fluxes in the Santa

(1969), oceanmargins have been recognized as sites of enhancedchemical scavenging. Lateral transport of particle-reactive species into regions of enhanced scavengingresults in sediment deposition of these species thatexceeds local rates of supply by production inthe water column and/or atmospheric deposition.Krishnaswami
Identification of fishing ground using local knowledge and remote sensing data

Accurate identification of potential fishing ground is very important to help local fishermen carrying out fishing activities. Objectives of this study are, i) to identify the potential fishing ground using fishermen’s local knowledge, ii) to identify the potential fishing ground using information derived from remote sensing satellite data, and iii) to compare results obtained from first and second objectives. This study has been carried out in east coast of Johor. The data used in this study consist of the local knowledge used by the fishermen in carrying out fishing activities. This information can be obtained from questionnaires survey that have been carried out at eleven fishing villages around the district of Mersing and Kota Tinggi. Seventy samples (10% the total number of local fishermen) were chosen randomly. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data were utilized to derive two marine environmental parameters; Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a), which were used to identify the potential fishing ground. Fishing ground identified using both local knowledge and remote sensing technique were then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Correlation analysis between SST and Chl-a with distance and total catch as identified by local fishermen were carried out. SST has a correlation coefficient, R = -0.6378 with the distance and R = 0.4511 with the total catch, while Chl-a has a correlation coefficient, R = -0.1523 and R = 0.4195 with the distance and total catch respectively. These results show that fishing grounds identified by local fishermen were mostly near to coastal area and having high value of SST and Chl-a distribution which is favorable condition for a fishing ground.