Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Going in the right direction Cellular mechanisms underlying root halotropism

A key characteristic of plant development is its plasticity in respons to various and dynamically changing environmental conditions. Tropisms contribute to this flexibility by allowing plant organs to grow from or towards environmental cues. Halotropism is a recently described tropism in which plant roots bend away from salt. During halotropism, as in most other tropisms, directional growth is generated through an asymmetric auxin distribution that generates differences in growth rate and hence induces bending. Here, we develop a detailed model of auxin transport in the Arabidopsis root tip and combine this with experiments to investigate the processes generating auxin asymmetry during halotropism. Our model points to the key role of root tip architecture in allowing the decrease in PIN2 at the salt-exposed side of the root to result in a re-routing of auxin to the opposite side. In addition, our model demonstrates how feedback of auxin on the auxin transporter AUX1 amplifies this auxin asymmetry, while a salt-induced transient increase in PIN1 levels increases the speed at which this occurs. Using AUX1-GFP imaging and pin1 mutants, we experimentally confirmed these model predictions, thus expanding our knowledge of the cellular basis of halotropism.
Rowan Digital Works Rowan Digital

Investigators have identified a number of factors that increase the risk for experiencing sexual coercion, but as yet little is known about how sexual coercion in turn affects these risk factors. Using a sample of 110 adolescents, the current study examined the hypothesis that, after an incident of sexual coercion, adolescents would exhibit increases in several behaviors known to increase risk for victimization. As predicted, after experiencing sexual coercion, adolescents reported increased externalizing symptoms, more frequent sexual intercourse and a greater total number of intercourse partners. Finally, alcohol use, drug use, and problems related to substance use increased. These findings suggest the presence of a feedback loop, in which the experience of sexual coercion leads to an intensification of the factors that initially contributed risk for coercion.
Evaluation of wastes from the East St. Louis water treatment plant and their impact on the Mississippi River

A study was conducted to determine the quantity and characteristics of wastes generated by the East St. Louis, Illinois, water treatment plant, a large plant employing the clarification process, and to assess their effects on the Mississippi River. The major chemical constituents of the solids wastes are iron (inherent in the suspended sediments in transport in the river) and aluminum (derived from the use of alum as a supplemental coagulant in the treatment plant). Except during 7-day 10-year low flow conditions, increases in suspended solids in the Mississippi River during occurrences of maximum waste discharges will not be perceptible. The influence of the waste is detectable in the bottom sediments of the river by increases in iron, aluminum, moisture, and volatile (organic) content, and by changes in particle size distribution. However, that influence is limited to an impacted area about 100 feet offshore and within 4000 feet downstream of the waste outfalls, and it appears that the types of changes in the composition of the sediments are not a mark of environmental degradation. This conclusion is strengthened by observations of benthic macroinvertebrates in the area. There was no significant difference in the near-shore stations upstream or downstream of the wastemore » outfalls in terms of types and densities of macroinvertebrates. « less
Benefits and risks of tight glucose control in critically ill adults: a meta-analysis.

CONTEXT The American Diabetes Association and Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommend tight glucose control in critically ill patients based largely on 1 trial that shows decreased mortality in a surgical intensive care unit. Because similar studies report conflicting results and tight glucose control can cause dangerous hypoglycemia, the data underlying this recommendation should be critically evaluated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate benefits and risks of tight glucose control vs usual care in critically ill adult patients. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE (1950-2008), the Cochrane Library, clinical trial registries, reference lists, and abstracts from conferences from both the American Thoracic Society (2001-2008) and the Society of Critical Care Medicine (2004-2008). STUDY SELECTION We searched for studies in any language in which adult intensive care patients were randomly assigned to tight vs usual glucose control. Of 1358 identified studies, 34 randomized trials (23 full publications, 9 abstracts, 2 unpublished studies) met inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers independently extracted information using a prespecified protocol and evaluated methodological quality with a standardized scale. Study investigators were contacted for missing details. We used both random- and fixed-effects models to estimate relative risks (RRs). RESULTS Twenty-nine randomized controlled trials totaling 8432 patients contributed data for this meta-analysis. Hospital mortality did not differ between tight glucose control and usual care overall (21.6% vs 23.3%; RR, 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85-1.03). There was also no significant difference in mortality when stratified by glucose goal ([1] very tight: < or = 110 mg/dL; 23% vs 25.2%; RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.77-1.04; or [2] moderately tight: < 150 mg/dL; 17.3% vs 18.0%; RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.83-1.18) or intensive care unit setting ([1] surgical: 8.8% vs 10.8%; RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.63-1.22; [2] medical: 26.9% vs 29.7%; RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.82-1.04; or [3] medical-surgical: 26.1% vs 27.0%; RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.80-1.13). Tight glucose control was not associated with significantly decreased risk for new need for dialysis (11.2% vs 12.1%; RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.76-1.20), but was associated with significantly decreased risk of septicemia (10.9% vs 13.4%; RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.59-0.97), and significantly increased risk of hypoglycemia (glucose < or= 40 mg/dL; 13.7% vs 2.5%; RR, 5.13; 95% CI, 4.09-6.43). CONCLUSION In critically ill adult patients, tight glucose control is not associated with significantly reduced hospital mortality but is associated with an increased risk of hypoglycemia.
Testing of an adaptive puff model for regulatory purposes around As Pontes power plant

A new version, Adaptive Puff Model 2 (APM2), of the Lagrangian adaptive plume model, APM (Ludwig et al., 1989), has been tested around As Pontes power plant, an elevated single source over complex terrain, during four representative emission and meteorological dates in 1996. This "closed-eyes" experiment has been performed in order to test APM2 around the As Pontes power plant environment. Four dates were chosen by the power plant staff, and APM2 was run using the available emission and meteorological measurements. After running the simulations, a specific comparison based on the available ground-level concentration data was planned and applied, in order to obtain an evaluation of the new features included in the model, specifically new plume rise and plume growth equations. The observed maximum plume impact distance from the source and maximum ground-level concentration, calculated by interpolation from the concentration measurements, are the evaluation parameters. Final results show that the difference between estimated and observed maximum impact distance reaches 10 km in some cases. In addition, APM2 overestimates the maximum ground-level concentration in all dates tested.
An assessment of semi-discrete central schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws.

High-resolution finite volume methods for solving systems of conservation laws have been widely embraced in research areas ranging from astrophysics to geophysics and aero-thermodynamics. These methods are typically at least second-order accurate in space and time, deliver non-oscillatory solutions in the presence of near discontinuities, e.g., shocks, and introduce minimal dispersive and diffusive effects. High-resolution methods promise to provide greatly enhanced solution methods for Sandia's mainstream shock hydrodynamics and compressible flow applications, and they admit the possibility of a generalized framework for treating multi-physics problems such as the coupled hydrodynamics, electro-magnetics and radiative transport found in Z pinch physics. In this work, we describe initial efforts to develop a generalized 'black-box' conservation law framework based on modern high-resolution methods and implemented in an object-oriented software framework. The framework is based on the solution of systems of general non-linear hyperbolic conservation laws using Godunov-type central schemes. In our initial efforts, we have focused on central or central-upwind schemes that can be implemented with only a knowledge of the physical flux function and the minimal/maximal eigenvalues of the Jacobian of the flux functions, i.e., they do not rely on extensive Riemann decompositions. Initial experimentation with high-resolution central schemes suggests that contact discontinuities with the concomitant linearly degenerate eigenvalues of the flux Jacobian do not pose algorithmic difficulties. However, central schemes can produce significant smearing of contact discontinuities and excessive dissipation for rotational flows. Comparisons between 'black-box' central schemes and the piecewise parabolic method (PPM), which relies heavily on a Riemann decomposition, shows that roughly equivalent accuracy can be achieved for the same computational cost with both methods. However, PPM clearly outperforms the central schemes in terms of accuracy at a given grid resolution and the cost of additional complexity in the numerical flux functions. Overall we have observed that the finite volume schemes, implemented within a well-designed framework, are extremely efficient with (potentially) very low memory storage. Finally, we have found by computational experiment that second and third-order strong-stability preserving (SSP) time integration methods with the number of stages greater than the order provide a useful enhanced stability region. However, we observe that non-SSP and non-optimal SSP schemes with SSP factors less than one can still be very useful if used with time-steps below the standard CFL limit. The 'well-designed' integration schemes that we have examined appear to perform well in all instances where the time step is maintained below the standard physical CFL limit.
Copyright Notice

This document describes the DISCOVER opcode, an experimental extension to the Domain Name System (DNS) to use multicast queries for resource discovery. This opcode was tested in experiments run during 1995 and 1996 for the Topology Based Domain Search (TBDS) project. This project is no longer active and there are no current plans to restart it. TBDS was the first known use of multicast transport for DNS. A client multicasts a DNS query using the DISCOVER opcode and processes the multiple responses that may result. Status of This Memo This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for the historical record. This document defines a Historic Document for the Internet community. This is a contribution to the RFC Series, independently of any other RFC stream. The RFC Editor has chosen to publish this document at its discretion and makes no statement about its value for implementation or deployment. Documents approved for publication by the RFC Editor are not a candidate for any level of Internet Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741. Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
Le Rapport isotopique de l'hydrogène dans le système solaire interne : à la recherche des sources physico-chimiques de l'eau planétaire

Les modeles dynamiques actuels de formation du Systeme Solaire et les modeles geochimiques s’accordent sur une probable origine chondritique de l’eau terrestre. En effet, les meteorites primitives, appelees chondrites ont subi un phenomene d’alteration aqueuse sur leurs corps parents. De meme, ces meteorites sont une des sources envisagees a la presence d’eau dans les mineraux lunaires. Cette these s’appuie sur des mesures NanoSIMS des rapports isotopiques de l’hydrogene et des teneurs en eau dans la chondrite carbonee Paris et les echantillons de sols lunaires provenant d’Apollo 16 et 17. Les chondres de la meteorite Paris semblent avoir enregistre une source d’eau distincte a l’eau d’alteration du corps parent. En ce qui concerne la Lune, l’eau contenue dans les sols est majoritairement formee par l’implantation de l’hydrogene du vent solaire.
Construction and Application of SSR Molecular Markers System for Genetic Diversity Analysis of Chinese Tartary Buckwheat Germplasm Resources

【Objective】 The SSR molecular markers system was optimized and constructed for genetic diversity analyses of Chinese tartary buckwheat germplasm resources,which is helpful for evaluating Chinese tartary buckwheat collections. 【Method】 The SSR-PCR system was optimized by [L16(45)]orthogonal design,the optimized gel concentration of PAGE was confirmed,and the genetic diversity of 50 tartary buckwheat accessions was analyzed by 19 SSR primer pairs screened from 250 ones of different crops. 【Result】The optimized SSR-PCR system was as follows: 30 ng DNA template,150 μmol? L-1 dNTP,0.1 μmol? L-1 primer,2.0 U? L-1 TaqDNA polymerase,2.0 mmol? L-1 Mg2+,1×Taq buffer and ddH2O then added up to terminal volume of 25 μL with 6% PAGE for testing.The primers screening efficiency was 7.6%,and the primers from common buckwheat were applicable.A total of 157 alleles were detected by 19 primers,with 2-11 alleles for each primer pair,and the average was 7.42. Moreover,the averaged PIC and DP values were 0.8881 and 5.684,respectively.Using Popgen Ver.1. 31,50 accessions were clustered into 5 groups at GS 0.578. The clustering results revealed that the genetic diversity of accessions of tartary buckwheat was not correlated to their geographic origins.The genetic diversity of tartary buckwheat from Sichuan was very rich as genetic parameters were the highest.The core primers could be used to identify the similar accessions. 【Conclusion】 The SSR molecular markers system was effective for assessment of genetic diversity of Chinese tartary buckwheat germplasm resources.SSR primers of common buckwheat could be used in tartary buckwheat.TBP5 and Fes2695 were SSR core primers.It showed a high genetic diversity in 50 Chinese tartary buckwheat accessions which could be classified into 5 groups.
NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF RESIDUAL STRESSES INDUCED BY CONTACT LOADING

The paper deals with numerical and experimental solution of residual stresses, which occures due to a contact loading. The first solved case corresponds to frictionless contact in an indent test accepted from literature. In this case, results obtained by two experimental methods are available, namely by the Neutron diffraction method and by the Contour method, which is not well known in the Czech Republic. Hence, this paper includes also a brief description of the new destructive method. Both methods can lead to prediction of full field residual stresses distribution. Numerical results conducted by the Ansys FE program shows good correlation with those obtained by the experimental methods.
N ° 2008-56 The case for a financial approach to money demand

The distribution of money across households is much more similar to the distribution of nancial assets than to that of consumption levels, even controlling for life-cycle e¤ects. This is a puzzle for theories which directly link money demand to consumption, such as cash-in-advance (CIA), money-inthe-utility function (MIUF) or shopping-time models. This paper shows that the joint distribution of money and nancial assets can be explained by an incomplete-market model when frictions are introduced into nancial markets. Money demand is modeled as a portfolio choice with a xed transaction cost in nancial markets. JEL codes: E40, E50. Keywords: Money Demand, Money Distribution, Heterogenous Agents. Correspondence to: Xavier Ragot, Paris School of Economics, 48, Bd Jourdan, 75014 PARIS. Email: ragot@pse.ens. fr. I have bene ted from helpful comments from Yann Algan, Gadi Barlevy, Marco Bassetto Je¤Campbell, Edouard Challe, Mariacristina DeNardi, Jonas Fisher, Peer Krusell, François Le Grand, Dimitris Mavridis, Frédéric Lambert, Benoit Mojon and François Velde. I also received helpful comments from seminar participants at the Banque de France, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, CEF and the ESEM conference. This paper has bene ted from support from the French ANR. 1 ha ls hs -0 05 86 06 6, v er si on 1 14 A pr 2 01 1
Progress in Physical Geography

We review the expanding role of molecular genetics in the emergence of a vibrant and vital integrative biogeography. The enormous growth over the past several decades in the number and variety of molecular-based phylogenetic and population genetics studies has become the core information used by biogeographers to reconstruct the causal connections between historical evolutionary and ecological attributes of taxa and biotas, and the landscapes and seascapes that contain them. A proliferation of different approaches, sequences, and genomes have provided for the integration of a ‘biogeography of the Late Neogene’ with other Earth and biological sciences under the rubrics of phylogeography, landscape genetics, and phylochronology. Approaches designed explicitly to take advantage of unique properties of molecular genetic information have led to the re-emergence of dispersal as an analytically tractable process that historical biogeographers can now use, along with vicariance, to reconstruct the geographical context of diversifi cation. Concomitant with the expanding amount of information available, molecular data sets often provide for estimates of lineage divergence dates, and analytical tools for doing so continue to improve. The comparability of molecular-based estimates of phylogenetic and population genetic histories across non-related *Author for correspondence. Email: brett.riddle@unlv.edu at DUKE UNIV on February 11, 2009 http://ppg.sagepub. com Downloaded from 174 Progress in Physical Geography 32(2)
Carlo study into time-aggregation in continuous and discrete-time hazard models

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of time-aggregation in discrete and continuous-time hazard models. A Monte Carlo study is conducted in which data are generated according to underlying continuous and discrete-time processes, which data are aggregated into daily, weekly and monthly intervals. Under each of these conditions 400 datasets are generated, that vary in the parameters of the baseline hazard. These datasets are analyzed with flexible continuous-time and discrete-time proportional hazard models. The estimates of the structural parameter and of the baseline hazard, as well as the baseline hazard predicted by those estimates, seem robust to the form of the distribution of the data generation process when the time-aggregation window is small. Both estimates of continuous-time models and of discrete-time models suffer from time-aggregation, but the estimates of the discrete-time model are more sensitive to aggregation.
Design and Implementation of Improved BISR Strategy for Systems-ona-Chip ( SoC )

This paper focuses on improved strategy which is used to solve memory failure problems in systems-on-a-chip (SOCs). Built-In Self-Repair (BISR) with Redundancy is proposed. It is an effective yield-enhancement strategy for embedded memories. We designed and implemented an efficient BISR strategy for embedded memories. The BISR design is flexible that it can provide four operation modes to SRAM users. Each fault address can be saved only once in the feature of the proposed BISR strategy, and hence high speed. So the redundancy of the SRAM is designed to be selectable. In another words, some normal words in SRAM can be selected as redundancy if, the SRAM needs to repair itself such that it detects SRAM failures with a comparator that compares actual memory data with expected data.
Pilot study investigating the prognostic significance of thymidine phosphorylase expression in patients with metastatic breast cancer: a single institution retrospective analysis

Background The thymidine phosphorylase (TP) enzyme is expressed in higher levels in cancer tissue when compared with normal tissue. It is involved in the intratumoral activation of widely prescribed pyrimidine-derived antimetabolites such as 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouridine and capecitabine (Xeloda®). The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical correlation between TP expression in tumor tissue and the clinical outcome of capecitabine-based therapy in patients with locally advanced (stage III) or metastatic breast cancer (stage IV). Methods The following variables were analyzed as potential determinants of benefit from a capecitabine-based therapy: TP expression, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 status, and Ki67 status. This was accomplished by immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded cancer tissues from 18 patients with breast cancer treated with at least one cycle of capecitabine. Clinical outcome was measured as time to progression. Results TP staining intensities in both the invasive and in situ components in patients with lobular and ductal carcinomas were reported. Higher levels of TP in the invasive component were expressed in ER-negative tumors when compared with ER-positive tumors (P<0.05). The ER-positive group expressing lower levels of TP had a median time to progression of 13 months compared with the ER-negative group expressing higher levels of TP which had a median time to progression of 7.5 months (P=0.14). Conclusion Patients with ER-positive tumors expressing lower levels of TP exhibit a longer time to progression when compared with patients with ER-negative tumors. Consequently, tumor TP expression does not seem to predict the outcome of capecitabine-based chemotherapy.
Informal Logic The Broad Reach of Multivariable Thinking La portée étendue de la pensée multivariable

: Simple explanations are very often inadequate and can encourage faulty inferences. We examined college students’ explanations regarding illegal immigration to determine the prevalence of single-factor explanations. The form of students’ explanations was predicted by their responses on a simple three-item forced-choice multivariable causal reasoning task in which they selected the strongest evidence against a causal claim. In a further qualitative investigation of explanations by a sample of community adults, we identified positive features among those who scored high on this multi-variable causal reasoning task. We consider limitations of single-factor reasoning and means of encouraging more comprehensive explanations to support claims. Résumé
EFSA Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)

In this statement the EFSA GMO Panel responds to a request from the European Commission on whether data provided within application RX-MON810 on maize MON810 are sufficient to conclude on the safety of MON810 pollen as or in food and, if it is the case, to confirm MON810 pollen safety. Data on molecular characterisation did not identify features of maize MON810 pollen with a potential to raise any safety concerns. The EFSA GMO Panel has previously assessed the safety of the Cry1Ab protein in MON810 and the assessment and conclusions of the GMO Panel on safety of the protein Cry1Ab (including toxicity and allergenicity) reached for food/feed aspects also apply to pollen. While the EFSA GMO Panel is not in a position to conclude on the safety of maize pollen in or as food in general, it concludes that the genetic modification in MON810 maize does not constitute an additional health risk if MON810 maize pollen were to replace maize pollen from non-GM maize in or as food. © European Food Safety Authority, 2011