Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Chromatic Dispersion-Tolerant Frequency Offset Estimation Algorithm Based on Pilot Tone for Digital Subcarrier Multiplexing Systems

A digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSCM) system has been proposed as a possible solution for large capacity and long-distance coherent optical transmissions due to its high tolerances for chromatic dispersion (CD), equalization-enhanced phase noise (EEPN) and fiber nonlinearity. In a DSCM receiver, for subcarrier-demultiplex to occur properly, frequency offset estimation (FOE) must be implemented before demultiplexing. It is beneficial to decrease complexity and EEPN by compensating CD on each subcarrier. Therefore, a high CD tolerance is indispensable for the FOE algorithm in a DSCM receiver. However, the mainstream blind FOE algorithms for single-carrier systems, such as the 4th power fast Fourier transform algorithm, could not work for DSCM systems. To deal with this challenge, a pilot tone-based FOE algorithm with high CD tolerance is proposed and verified using simulations and offline experiments. The final estimation accuracy of about 10 MHz of the proposed two-stage FOE is achieved at low computational complexity. Simulations and offline experiments show that DSCM systems with the proposed algorithm have a 0.5~1 dB Q-factor improvement over Nyquist single-carrier systems.
Slow Preconditioning for the Abrupt Convective Jump over the Northwest Pacific during Summer

AbstractThe rapid intensification of convective activity in mid-July over the northwest Pacific marks the final stage of the Asian summer monsoon, accompanied by major shifts in regional rainfall and circulation patterns. An entraining plume model is used to investigate the physical processes underlying the abrupt convective jump. Despite little change in sea surface temperature (SST), gradual lower-troposphere mixing leads to a threshold transition in the model as follows. Before mid-July, although SST is already high (29°C), the convective plume is inhibited by the capping inversion above the trade cumulus boundary layer. As the lower troposphere is gradually mixed, the boundary layer top rises with reduced atmospheric stability and increased humidity in the lower troposphere. These factors weaken the inhibition effect of the inversion on the entraining plume. As soon as the plume is able to overcome the inversion barrier, it can rise all the way to the upper troposphere. This marks an abrupt threshold .
Parse Me, Baby, One More Time: Bypassing HTML Sanitizer via Parsing Differentials

—Websites rely on server-side HTML sanitization to defend against the ever-present threat of cross-site scripting attacks. Parsing arbitrary pieces of markup to assess whether they contain an exploit payload is far from trivial. This complexity leads to divergences between the parsing results of the sanitizer and the user’s browser. These so-called parsing differentials open the door for the unexplored category of mutation-based attacks. Here, an attacker abuses the sanitizer’s incorrect HTML parser to either directly bypass it or coerce it to transform benign markup into a dangerous exploit payload. In this work, we study the prevalence of such parsing differentials and their security impact. To this end, we built a generator for HTML fragments that are difficult to parse and evaluated how 11 sanitizers across five programming languages deal with such inputs. We found that parsing differentials are commonplace, as each assessed sanitizer has at least several functional deficiencies leading to overzealous removal of benign input. Even worse, we were able to automatically bypass all but two of the 11 sanitizers, painting a dire picture of the state of server-side HTML sanitization.
Quaternary Stratigraphy of Whanganui Basin—A Globally Significant Archive

Whanganui Basin is a unique global archive—nowhere else in the world is there yet documented a shallow marine basinal sequence, exposed on land, which spans the entire Quaternary. Slow basin subsidence, coupled with glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuations, has produced a ca. 2 km-thick basin fill of dominantly shallow marine sediments, representing all odd-numbered (high sea-level) marine isotope stages of the last 2.6 Ma. Furthermore, uplift of the basin margins has resulted in a sequence of marine terraces extending back to almost 0.7 Ma. Loess deposits, up to 0.5 Ma in age, overlie the terraces. Pollen and plant phytolith analyses of terrace cover beds yield a paleovegetation and paleoclimatic record spanning much of the last 0.4 Ma. Proximity to the Taupo Volcanic Zone means that the Whanganui Basin contains many rhyolitic tephras for regional correlations and dating. Richly fossiliferous marine sediments also provide the basis for defining the Haweran, Castlecliffian, Nukumaruan and Mangapanian Stages of the New Zealand geological timescale.
Risk Factors Associated with Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Dog Feces That Contaminate Public Areas of Warsaw, Poland

Simple Summary The increasing number of dogs in towns worldwide may be increasing the risk of environmental contamination by parasites whose growth forms are present in dogs’ feces. Canine, soil-transmitted helminths (cSTHs), most of which have a proven zoonotic potential, are particularly dangerous. In this study, we investigated the presence of cSTH eggs in dogs’ feces left in city parks and dog parks. This study also showed that the presence of dogs’ feces in public areas is still a problem. We observed that dog owners did not pick up their dog’s feces, even though cleaning after one’s dog during walks may be a simple and effective way of limiting the spread of parasitic invasions within the environment. Abstract A constant increase in dog numbers, especially in large towns, has been observed recently. The presence of dogs in urban spaces increases the risk of pollution by dogs’ feces, which may contain growth forms of parasites including canine, soil-transmitted helminths (cSTHs), most of which have a proven zoonotic potential. This study assessed the frequency of occurrence and estimated the potential risk associated with the presence of cSTHs in dogs’ feces left uncollected in urban areas. The study material consisted of 200 fecal samples obtained from city and dog parks situated in selected Warsaw districts. Each fecal sample was processed using the flotation technique. Eggs of cSTHs, including Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Trichuris vulpis, and hookworms from the Ancylostomatidae family were found in 23 (11.5%) of the examined fecal samples. The most prevalent species were hookworms from the family Ancylostomatidae (8%). The presence of parasites was confirmed in 14 out of 20 studied locations (70%), including eight city parks (72.7%) and six dog parks (66.7%). City and dog parks did not differ significantly in the frequency of parasite occurrence. This study indicated that dogs’ feces, left uncollected, may cause environmental contamination with cSTHs. It also indicated that the presence of dogs’ feces in public areas and the associated presence of parasites is still a problem.
Exploiting Data-pattern-aware Vertical Partitioning to Achieve Fast and Low-cost Cloud Log Storage

Cloud logs can be categorized into on-line, off-line, and near-line logs based on the access frequency. Among them, near-line logs are mainly used for debugging, which means they prefer a low query latency for better user experience. Besides, the storage system for near-line logs prefers a low overall cost including the storage cost to store compressed logs, and the computation cost to compress logs and execute queries. These requirements pose challenges to achieving fast and cheap cloud log storage. This paper proposes LogGrep, the first log compression and query tool that exploits both static and runtime patterns to properly structurize and organize log data in fine-grained units. The key idea of LogGrep is “vertical partitioning”: it stores each log entry into multiple partitions by first parsing logs into variable vectors according to static patterns and then extracting runtime pattern(s) automatically within each variable vector. Based on such runtime patterns, LogGrep further decomposes the variable vectors into fine-grained units called “Capsules” and stamps each Capsule with a summary of its values. During the query process, LogGrep can avoid decompressing and scanning Capsules that cannot match the keywords, with the help of the extracted runtime patterns and the Capsule stamps. We further show that the interactive debugging can well utilize the advantages of the vertical-partitioning-based method and mitigate its weaknesses as well. To this end, LogGrep integrates incremental locating and partial reconstruction to mitigate the read amplification incurred by vertical-partitioning-based method. We evaluate LogGrep on 37 cloud logs from the production environment of Alibaba Cloud and the public datasets. The results show that LogGrep can reduce the query latency and the overall cost by an order of magnitude compared with state-of-the-art works. Such results have confirmed that it is worthwhile applying a more sophisticated vertical-partitioning-based method to accelerate queries on compressed cloud logs.
Effect of graphite on the electrical conductivity of the lithospheric mantle

Graphite is considered as one of candidate to explain the high‐conductivity anomalies revealed through magnetotelluric (MT) observations. To investigate the effect of interfacial energy on the interconnection of graphite in olivine matrix, we measured the electrical conductivity of polycrystalline San Carlos olivine mixed with 0.8 vol % graphite on the grain boundaries via impedance spectroscopy at 1 GPa and 300–1700 K in a cubic multianvil apparatus. The olivine‐graphite dihedral angle of the recovered sample was also measured to determine interfacial energy between graphite and olivine. The bulk electrical conductivities and large activation enthalpy (∼1.32 eV) of the carbon‐bearing sample were consistent with those of dry polycrystalline olivine. This behavior implies that graphite cannot be interconnected on olivine grain boundaries, which is also supported by the large dihedral angle (98°) of the olivine/graphite system. Impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed at 3 GPa and a temperature of up to 1700 K for carbon‐coated olivine bicrystal samples to investigate the stability of graphite films on the grain boundaries of silicate minerals under upper‐mantle conditions. The conductivities rapidly or slowly dropped as a function of time and graphite film thickness during annealing at the target temperature. This phenomenon exhibits that graphite film on the olivine grain boundary is readily destroyed under upper‐mantle conditions as supported by microstructural observations on the recovered carbon‐coated olivine bicrystal samples. Higher interfacial energy and larger dihedral angle (∼98°) between graphite and olivine would not allow the maintenance of graphite film on olivine grain boundaries. The activation enthalpy for the apparent disconnection rate of a graphite film on olivine grain boundaries is close to that of carbon diffusion in olivine grain boundaries, which suggests that the disconnection of the graphite film is likely to be controlled by carbon grain boundary diffusion. Therefore, graphite is an unlikely candidate to explain the high‐conductivity anomalies revealed by MT surveys in the upper mantle.
Digging into biochemical and signal transduction of old drugs: xanthines and their association to cancer

The arena of anticancer drug research has identified xanthine derivatives as intriguing molecules with diverse antimutagenic capabilities against a variety of cancer disorders. Xanthines are purine bases, which are known to act as non-selective and multitargeting agents of several cellular proteins. Natural xanthine analogues were reported to inhibit adenosine and phosphodiesterase subfamilies. Additionally, the effect toward several biochemical and signal transduction changes were studied to observe the efficiency of xanthine derivatives as anticancer agents and/or adjuvants. Several xanthine-based compounds were synthesized and introduced to obtain more selective and potent agents, which are demonstrated as research tools and possible therapeutic agents. The present minireview article illustrates the potential searching for efficacious rule of xanthine derivatives regarding several malignancies covering leukemia, melanoma, colon, CNS, ovarian, renal, prostate, non-small cell lung carcinoma and breast cancers. Further, an attempt to explain the biochemical effect of xanthines toward the complex signaling network of tumor cells was highlighted.
Performance Testing of Power Breaker 20 kV at the Senayan PLTMG Substation Netto Cubicles

A Power Breaker is a mechanical switch that is able to open to allow current to flow under normal conditions and close when there is a disturbance under abnormal conditions, such as a short circuit current disturbance. Damage to the Power Breaker has a considerable influence on the operation of the electric power system, resulting in losses and the operating system of the electric power being disrupted. For this reason, it is necessary to periodically test Power Breaker performance in order to meet operating standards, improve reliability, guarantee quality, and maintain the continuity of electric power distribution. This research was limited to testing before and after the Power Breaker 20 kV Net Cubicles Maintenance located at the Senayan PLTMG Substation during February 2023 in the form of contact resistance testing, Insulation resistance testing, simultaneity testing, and trip relay testing. By testing the performance of the Power Breaker, it is hoped that it can prevent malfunctions that result in damage to the Power Breaker and other components at the Senayan PLTMG Substation
Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Anak: Analisis pada Pengenalan Budaya Lebak dalam Pembelajaran di TK

Lebak merupakan salah satu kabupaten di provinsi Banten yang memiliki potensi sebagai sumber belajar bagi anak, khususnya untuk pengembangan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengembangan kemampuan berpikir kritis anak melalui pengenalan budaya Lebak dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan guru TK PGRI 1, Lebak, Banten sebagai subjeknya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles and Hubberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru telah mengenalkan budaya Lebak yang mencakup makanan tradisional, permainan tradisional, dan pakaian tradisional kepada anak. Namun pertanyaan yang diajukan sebagai salah satu stimulasi kemampuan berpikir anak, masih berada pada kategori pertanyaan yang cenderung memunculkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat rendah (lower order thinking). Simpulannya adalah kemampuan berpikir kritis (higher order thinking) belum terstimulasi meskipun guru telah mengenalkan budaya Lebak dalam pembelajaran. Implikasinya guru harus meningkatan kemampuan bertanya yang menstimulasi kemampuan berpikir kritis anak dengan materi mengenai budaya Lebak.
Human iPSC-derived neurons reveal NMDAR-independent dysfunction following HIV-associated insults

The central nervous system encounters a number of challenges following HIV infection, leading to increased risk for a collection of neurocognitive symptoms clinically classified as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Studies attempting to identify causal mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions have historically relied on primary rodent neurons, but a number of recent reports take advantage of iPSC-derived neurons in order to study these mechanisms in a readily reproducible, human model. We found that iPSC-derived neurons differentiated via an inducible neurogenin-2 transcription factor were resistant to gross toxicity from a number of HIV-associated insults previously reported to be toxic in rodent models, including HIV-infected myeloid cell supernatants and the integrase inhibitor antiretroviral drug, elvitegravir. Further examination of these cultures revealed robust resistance to NMDA receptor-mediated toxicity. We then performed a comparative analysis of iPSC neurons exposed to integrase inhibitors and activated microglial supernatants to study sub-cytotoxic alterations in micro electrode array (MEA)-measured neuronal activity and gene expression, identifying extracellular matrix interaction/morphogenesis as the most consistently altered pathways across HIV-associated insults. These findings illustrate that HIV-associated insults dysregulate human neuronal activity and organization even in the absence of gross NMDA-mediated neurotoxicity, which has important implications on the effects of these insults in neurodevelopment and on the interpretation of primary vs. iPSC in vitro neuronal studies.
Pathology and Clinics of Naturally Occurring Low-Virulence Variants of African Swine Fever Emerged in Domestic Pigs in the South Caucasus

Shortly after the establishment of African swine fever virus (ASFV) genotype II in 2007, cases of acute fatal infection were observed. However, after several years of circulation in the Eurasian region, the clinical signs of the disease changed. Currently, this disease can occur acutely, subclinically, chronically, or asymptomatically. Cases of the complete recovery of infected pigs, and the disappearance of ASFV from their tissues and secretions have been described. This form of the disease first appeared in Armenia at the end of 2011. This virus was described and identified as the Dilijan2011IMB strain. The goal of our research was to study the main features of clinical, pathological, immunological, virological, and genetic parameters involved in the development of new forms of African swine fever (ASF). Chronic ASF was characterized with low titers of the virus and a decrease in the intensity of hemadsorption. Additionally, a reduced intensity in clinical symptoms and pathoanatomical results was noted. The absolute, but not the relative number of immune cells changes; the neutropenia (in bone marrow and spleen), lymphopenia (in bone marrow), lymphocytosis (only in spleen), lymphoid cell depletion (in bone marrow), and pancytopenia (in bone marrow) observed in the chronic form of ASF were less pronounced compared to in the acute form. When comparing the late stage of chronic ASF to the acute form, the key cytological indicators in the spleen, lymph nodes, and blood were less severe in the chronic stage. Bone marrow failure in the chronic form, expressed in a pronounced decrease in all cell types, generally coincided with the data in the acute form of ASF. The same data were obtained after assessing serum TNF-alpha levels. Thus, we can conclude that the chronic form of ASF occurs due to a less pronounced immune response, as well as a decrease in virus titers in the blood and tissues of infected pigs.
BLOOM TAXONOMY USED BY TEACHER IN LESSON PLAN

Taxonomies used in education are referred to as following Bloom's Taxonomy. This study examines the use of Bloom's Taxonomy in the English teacher's lesson plans at the senior high school in East Payakumbuh. Descriptive research is what this study fell under. East Payakumbuh Senior High School served as the research setting. Th participants included English teachers from grades X and XI. As a source of information, the researcher studied official documents. Peer debriefing was employed by the researcher to verify the reliability of the data. The researcher followed the steps Gay suggested for data analysis. There were a few procedures involved in analyzing the descriptive data, including data data managing, reading or memoing, description, classifying, and writing report (2003:239). According to the findings, the English teacher used the cognitive domain the most in lesson plans, specifically C1 (Knowledge) 110 times; the affective domains were A2 (Responding) 6 times; and the psychomotor domains were P3 (Precision) 37 times.
Parkir Liar dalam Perspektif Teori Efektifitas Hukum

Parkir liar menjadi fenomena yang sering dijumpai di masyarakat. Parkir Sembarangan ini memang sekilas tampak sepele, akan tetapi jika dibiarkan terus menerus dapat mengganggu perjalanan pengguna jalan bahkan dapat menaikkan angka kecelakaan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menganalisis kasus yang sedang terjadi di masyarakat yakni fenomena parkir liar perspektif teori efektifitas hukum. Pengumpulan data di dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara. Selanjutnya analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa penyebab kasus parkir liar antara lain belum terjalinnya koordinasi yang baik antara, masyarakat, pemerintah dan pemilik toko di mana parkir liar digunakan. Dari perspektif teori efektifitas hukum, penyebab parkir liar adalah dari aspek kesadaran masyarakat dan kurangnya penegakan peraturan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peraturan belum berjalan efektif.
Improving Stock Price Prediction Accuracy with StacBi LSTM

This research aimed to enhance stock price prediction accuracy using the Stacked Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (StacBi LSTM) model. The study addressed the challenge of capturing long-term dependencies and temporal patterns inherent in stock price data. The research objectives were to evaluate the model's performance across different input sequence lengths and identify the optimal length for prediction. Leveraging a dataset from the Indonesian Stock Exchange, the model's predictions were evaluated using key metrics such as RMSE, MAE, MAPE, and R2. Results indicated that the StacBi LSTM model excelled in capturing stock price trends and demonstrated strengths over traditional methods. The optimal input sequence length was identified, balancing computational efficiency and prediction accuracy. This research contributes valuable insights into improving stock price prediction techniques and offers practical implications for traders and investors. Future research directions encompass hybrid models and integrating external factors to enhance predictive capabilities further.
Impact of foreign direct investment on manufacturing sector growth in sub-Saharan Africa

This study explores the influence of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the growth trajectory of the manufacturing sector in Sub-Saharan Africa. The research employs the panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimation technique on data spanning from 1985 to 2021. The findings reveal that FDI and TOP positively impact the manufacturing sector's growth in the long run, while GFCF exerts a negative influence. However, these effects are not observed in the short run. The study underscores the need for policies that enhance the investment climate and foster trade openness to stimulate manufacturing sector growth. The adverse impact of GFCF calls for additional research to uncover the underlying causes and propose potential remedial measures. This study offers critical insights for policy formulation and paves the way for future research in economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa.