Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reduced‐order modeling framework using two‐level neural networks

Established reduced‐order modeling (ROM) methods, for instance, Galerkin‐projection, approximate the solution by linearly projecting high‐dimensional spaces to a lower‐dimensional space spanned by the reduced basis. However, the accuracy of these methods may be insufficient for complex and multiscale simulations due to the restriction to a linear space. Alternatively, autoencoders (AEs) can be used for nonlinear dimensionality reduction. We combine nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques with time series prediction to build data‐driven ROMs. The presented framework consists of two‐level neural networks. The high‐dimensional space is nonlinearly compressed in the first level using the encoder function of the AE. Subsequently, the temporal evolution of the latent vector is predicted in the second level. The original solution can be easily reconstructed using the decoder function of the AE. In comparison with the projection‐based ROMs, for example, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) with Galerkin projection, this framework allows naturally to include parameters in the prediction without nonlinear interpolation of the linear basis. We demonstrate the framework on a two‐dimensional flow field simulation around circular bodies parameterized with the inlet fluid velocity.
Proof of Concept Project: Temperature Measurement Using Lora Sensors on the Bridge Over the Danube River Near Smederevo Kovin

Abstract: On the road network in the Republic of Serbia, is establish monitoring of parameters at certain points of road network for the needs of the organization that deals with road maintenance and implementation of PBMC (Performance based Maintenance Contract), which has a need for mass collection of data from roads and road facilities. One of the parameter is the temperature, whose measurement on the bridge structure over the Danube near Kovin/Smederevo will be the primary focus of this paper. New technology Lo Ra sensors were used to collect temperature data. This type of sensor has low energy consumption so it does not require a specially implemented power supply. The service life of such sensors is estimated at a minimum of 5 years in environmental conditions. Communication is achieved using Lo Ra WAN technology that requires an access communication point at a distance of up to 8 km from the sensor with a bandwidth capacity of 3 kbps to 50 kbps. This sensor allows the measurement and collection of temperature data as a primary function and is also able to measure local acceleration in three axes on the structural element on which it is mounted. This way of collecting data using wireless sensors with low power consumption significantly improves efficiency and economy in the field of road maintenance and monitoring.
Introducing the EarthDaily Constellation, a scientific-grade earth observation mission with daily revisit time

The aim of this paper is to present the specifications of the EarthDaily Constellation, a scientific-grade EO mission, and the first results produced using a simulated dataset covering the September 2018 to August 2020 period over the Toulouse area in South of France. Two launches are scheduled in 2024 to put into orbit the ten satellites of the constellation. With an expected lifespan of over ten years, the constellation will collect daily imagery of the planet using a unique combination of 22 spectral bands in the VNIR, SWIR and TIR, many of which will be up to 5m GSD. The EarthDaily Constellation is a systematic acquisition mission, i.e., always-on over land, always nadir looking, with targeted geometric and radiometric quality aligned with Sentinel-2. In our paper, we will provide first details on the space segment main characteristics and bands specifications. We will also present the creation process of a simulated dataset based on actual Venµs, Landsat, MODIS and Sentinel-2 observations, that provides a realistic simulation of a higher revisit time. Eventually we will address an example of perspective on agricultural applications, especially focusing on the first scientific results we obtained on evaporative fraction estimation from thermal infrared, and irrigation events detection. Those first results demonstrate the added value that will be brought by ED constellation.
Long-Term Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy: A Propensity Score Matching Study

Background Our study aims to investigate the long-term clinical and radiographic effects of transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD) on lumbar disc herniation. Patients and Methods Radiographic and clinical data of patients undergoing TELD in our institution from January 2015 to January 2019 were retrospectively collected. LDH outpatients who had not received surgical treatment during the same period were 1:1 matched by propensity score matching as the conservative group. The radiographic parameters of the two groups at baseline and at the last follow-up (≥24 months) were analyzed. Results The study included 47 patients in the TELD group, matched with 47 patients in the conservative group. The disc height of the TELD group at the last follow-up was lower than that at the baseline (P < 0.001), and lower than that of the conservative group at the last follow-up (P < 0.05). The disc degeneration grade of the TELD group at the last follow-up was greater than that at the baseline, and greater than that of the conservative group at the last follow-up. There was no significant difference in the facet joint degeneration in the TELD group between the baseline and the last follow-up, and between the TELD group and the conservative group at the last follow-up (P > 0.05). The pain intensity and disability score in the TELD group at 3-month follow-up and at the last follow-up were significantly lower than those at the baseline (P < 0.001). Six patients in the TELD group required additional surgery during the follow-up period. Conclusion Our long-term follow-up data shows that the disc height of the operated level was significantly reduced and the disc degeneration was significantly aggravated in TELD-treated patients; in contrast, the facet joint degeneration did not show significant aggravation.
Types of Power and Status

The article discusses the major types of power and status and certain variable characteristics relevant for their investigation. A person is said to have power if he influences the bahavior of others in accordance with his own intentions. Three major forms of power are distinguished in terms of the type influence brought to bear on the subordinated individual. Power is further distinguished by wheter or not the subordinated individual recognize its legitimacy, by types of motivation of obedience and disobedience, and by the consequences of disobedience. Certain characteristics of the power relation are then discussed, and some factors influencing the amount of power are analyzed. A judgment of rank made about either the total person or relatively stable segments of the person constitutes the social status of that person (for the individual making the judgment). Gestures expressing the status of an individual are called deference. Certain types of status are differentiated, and parallel distinctions are made for deference.
Anomaly Detection of Power Time-Series Data Based on Multi-Dimensional Transformer Network

Power time-series anomaly detection has always been one of the important means to mine security threats in the power grid. The traditional detection method based on machine learning has certain limitations. It is difficult to capture the dependence between data and is prone to missed detection and false detection. In view of the above problems, this paper proposes a method for detecting abnormal data of power time-series based on Swin transformer. Firstly, the transformer model can predict the development trend of power data more effectively by using its ability to extract global information. Secondly, considering the deployment of the model in the actual scene, in order to improve the running speed and efficiency of the model, Swin transformer uses its unique patch to cut the data into small windows and reduce the sequence length. In addition, the design of the mobile window enhances the information exchange between the data and achieves the ability of global modeling. Finally, the input lightweight gradient boosting tree of the model is further improved in accuracy. The experimental results show that the proposed method can greatly reduce the calculation time under the premise of effectively identifying abnormal data.
The Effect of Project Based Learning Model Aided Scratch Media Toward Learning Outcomes and Creativity

The learning process can be interpreted as a form of system designed to improve students' abilities. In fact, the learning process is still monotonous so that students are not motivated to follow the study, students who are not motivated in participating in learning will not stimulation student creativity and good learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to measure the differences in learning outcomes and creativity of students who use the PjBL model assisted by the scratch media and students who use the PjBL model with simple media, and analyze students' responses to science learning using the PjBL model assisted by scratch media. This research used descriptive quantitative methods. The research design was posttest-only control group design. It was known that learning outcomes and creativity of the experimental class are better than the control class. The learning outcomes of the experimental class have an average value of 75.66 and the control class have an average value of 68.99. From the observation of creativity, the average creativity of the experimental class is 78.41 and the control class is 73.43. According analysis of students' responses during learning, that students of the experimental class responded well by showing very positive criteria. These results indicate that PjBL assisted by scratch media can develop students' creativity and give to good learning outcomes.
Adult Atlantoaxial Subluxation in Post COVID-19 Recovery: A Case Series

Background: Non-traumatic atlantoaxial subluxation in adults is a rare condition usually common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and infection of the upper respiratory tract is also considered to be a trigger of inflammation and laxity of ligaments and further subluxation. to date there have been some reported cases of atlantoaxial as complication of COVID-19. Diagnosis and management of atlantoaxial subluxation is currently based on x-ray with special views. Therefore, it is important to early diagnosis and treating adult patients suffering from neck pain and stiffness as a suspected case of nontraumatic atlantoaxial subluxation. Case reports: In this case series, we reported 17 healthy elderly patients (11 male and 6 female) who had atlantoaxial subluxation after a mild (8 patients 4 male and 4 female) and 9 moderate cases (6 males with 3 females) of COVID-19. The patients had neck pain (pain score ranged 6 to9 wit mean 7,5), occipital headache (7 patient with severe and moderate occipital headache with only 3 with mild), and stiffness with different levels of limitation of cervical movements after recovering from Covid-19 in varying periods between 3 and 7 months. Conservative treatment included antibiotics; non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents, short course of corticosteroids, and immobilization with soft cervical collar followed by physiotherapy after pain subsided was done for the patients, and the clinical recovery observed within 8-10 weeks with good results in 10 patients with relieving pain and restoring the cervical motion to the normal, and 7 patients with acceptable result of treatment with slight limitation of cervical movements. Conclusion: As atlantoaxial subluxation in adult patients may be a late complication of COVID-19, more research is needed to determine the specific association between COVID-19 and atlantoaxial subluxation in adults.
Long Jump Performance Is Not Related to Inter-Limb Asymmetry in Force Application in Isometric and Vertical Jump Tests

The aim of the study was to examine the inter-limb asymmetry in force application in a 1-s maximum isometric leg press test (ISOM) and vertical jump tests without an arm swing (VJ)of male long jumpers. Nine experienced jumpers (age: 18–30 y, LJ personal best: 6.50–8.05 m) were examined. Participants performed: (a) bilateral VJs from the squatting position (SQJ) and with a countermovement (CMJ), (b) unilateral CMJ from the take-off (TOL) and swing (SWL) leg used in the LJ take-off, and c) bilateral 1-s ISOM tests. Data were collected for each lower limb with separate force dynamometers (sampling frequency: VJs = 1 kHz, ISOM = 500 Hz). The inter-limb asymmetry of the peak applied force was evaluated using the symmetry angle. The paired samples T-test revealed non-significant (p > 0.05) inter-limb differences for the force output in the bilateral jump tests, in the unilateral jump tests, and in the ISOM. In conclusion, despite the fact that a powerful unilateral take-off is required for the optimization of long jump performance, no asymmetry was found in the examined tests, suggesting that the dominant/take-off leg was not stronger than the contra-lateral leg. This is possibly due to the intensive execution of other bilateral tasks involved, like the approach run.
Validity and Reliability of a Short Form of the Questionnaire for the Reflective Practice of Nursing Involving Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Cross-Sectional Study

The number of patients on ventilators is rapidly increasing owing to the coronavirus pandemic. The previously developed Questionnaire for the Reflective Practice of Nursing Involving Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (Q-RPN-IMV) for the care of patients on ventilators includes nurses’ thought processes as items. This study aims to develop a short form of the Q-RPN-IMV for immediate use in practice and to test its reliability and validity. A convenience sample of 629 participants was used to explore the factor structure using factor analysis. The test–retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The study was a cross-sectional design instrument development study and was reported according to GRRAS guidelines. Q-RPN-IMV short form was divided into ventilator management and patient management. The ventilator management comprised 31 items organized into six factors. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.82 to 0.91, and the ICC ranged from 0.82 to 0.89. The patient management comprised 27 items organized into five factors. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.75 to 0.97, and ICC ranged from 0.75 to 0.97. The Q-RPN-IMV short form is a reliable and validated instrument for assessing care for patients on ventilators. This study was not registered.
Dousing the flame: reviewing the mechanisms of inflammatory programming during stress-induced intrauterine growth restriction and the potential for ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intervention

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) arises when maternal stressors coincide with peak placental development, leading to placental insufficiency. When the expanding nutrient demands of the growing fetus subsequently exceed the capacity of the stunted placenta, fetal hypoxemia and hypoglycemia result. Poor fetal nutrient status stimulates greater release of inflammatory cytokines and catecholamines, which in turn lead to thrifty growth and metabolic programming that benefits fetal survival but is maladaptive after birth. Specifically, some IUGR fetal tissues develop enriched expression of inflammatory cytokine receptors and other signaling cascade components, which increases inflammatory sensitivity even when circulating inflammatory cytokines are no longer elevated after birth. Recent evidence indicates that greater inflammatory tone contributes to deficits in skeletal muscle growth and metabolism that are characteristic of IUGR offspring. These deficits underlie the metabolic dysfunction that markedly increases risk for metabolic diseases in IUGR-born individuals. The same programming mechanisms yield reduced metabolic efficiency, poor body composition, and inferior carcass quality in IUGR-born livestock. The ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are diet-derived nutraceuticals with anti-inflammatory effects that have been used to improve conditions of chronic systemic inflammation, including intrauterine stress. In this review, we highlight the role of sustained systemic inflammation in the development of IUGR pathologies. We then discuss the potential for ω-3 PUFA supplementation to improve inflammation-mediated growth and metabolic deficits in IUGR offspring, along with potential barriers that must be considered when developing a supplementation strategy.
Robust Variable Structure Control Approach of Two Series-Connected Five-Phase PMSMs Under Healthy and Faulty Operation Modes

In this paper a robust vector control method based on second order Super Twisting Sliding Mode Controllers (STSMCs) for two series-connected Five-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (FP-PMSMs) supplied by a single five-leg inverter is suggested. The vector control method of the two series-connected FP-PMSMs is based on six regulation loops for currents and speeds that are usually based on proportional integral controllers. Thus, the first aim of this paper is to replace the proportional integral controllers by the proposed second order STSMCs in order to enhance the control system performance in terms of robustness under uncertainties, external disturbances and tracking accuracy. Indeed, the second order STSMCs are proposed in order to overcome the limitations of the proportional integral controllers in terms of sensitivity against the variations in FP-PMSMs parameters and load disturbances and to overcome the first order sliding mode control chattering problem. However, the suggested second order STSMCs require information about the load torques applied to the two FP-PMSMs, which are estimated using sliding mode load torque observers hence reducing the cost and maintenance rate of the electromechanical system due to the elimination of load sensors. Our simulation studies conducted in MATLAB/Simulink check whether the proposed topology of the two series-connected FP-PMSMs controlled by the suggested vector control based on second order STSMCs can regulate the speed at the same time under various conditions. These conditions include load disturbances, parameter variations in both machines, and disturbances resulting from the opening of a phase. Our objective is to demonstrate the excellent robustness of the suggested second order STSMCs based vector control approach in terms of independent speed control of the two FP-PMSMs even at low or reversed speeds, compared with the conventional proportional integral control strategy. In this comparative study, various performance indices are used to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed vector control method based on second order STSMCs control strategy in comparison to the vector control method based on proportional integral controllers.
Particular aspects of environmental impact of potentially risk elements from airborne particulate matter

Two simple experiments were carried out to demonstrate two possible ways of environmental impact of element contents in airborne particulate maer. In the first part of the experiment, the response of three rural dust samples ap - plied into the soil were assessed in pot experiment to observe uptake of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn by aboveground biomass of oat (Avena sativa L.). Although the element contents in dust samples exceeded significantly total element contents in soil, the element content in plants was not affected by single-rate soil amendment with rural dust sample. Soil sorp - tion capacity and neutral pH of the experimental soil (7.0) was sufficient for immobilization of the elements. Howe - ver, potentially mobilizable portions (0.005 mol/l DTPA extractable) of elements significantly increased (Cd by 116%, Pb by 39%, Zn by 50%) in the treated soil, which suggests a possible release of these elements in long-term horizon. On the contrary, high percentages of potentially toxic elements (Cd, Zn, Ni) in the most mobile (exchangeable) frac- tions were determined in the second part of investigation in two urban dust samples collected in Prague Letna auto- mobile tunnel, and Prague subway station Museum. These results suggest possible direct impact of mobile, and thus potentially bio-available, element fractions on human environment. The results of both particular experiments cannot give complete information concerning behavior of harmful pollutants in airborne particulate maer and their influen - ce on human health. They can however indicate two of possible ways of environmental pollution with this material. Yet, it would require a more detailed investigation in future.
Feasibility study for the United Heckathorn Superfund Site, Richmond, California

The United Heckathom Superfund Site in Richmond, California, was used to formulate pesticides from approximately 1947 to 1966. Soils at the site and sediments in the harbor were contaminated with various chlorinated pesticides, primarily DDT, as a result of these activities. The US Environmental Protection Agency listed the site on the Superfund National Priorities List in 1990. This document is part of the Remedial Investigation and Feasibility Study phase of the Superfund response, which will provide the basis for selection of a final remedy that will protect human health and the environment and achieve compliance with federal and state envirorunental laws.
Developing an Objective Function and Cost Equations for EX Situ Treatment Technologies.

Abstract : Remediation of contaminated groundwater has historically been a costly venture that takes several years or decades to achieve cleanup goals. The enormous costs associated with groundwater cleanup have initiated much research into methods of minimizing cost. To reduce the overall cost of remediation, managers must consider the entire treatment train in terms of capital and operations and maintenance (O & M) costs (Culver and Shoemaker, 1997). Pump-and-treat systems are one of the most widely used technologies at contaminated groundwater sites (U.S. EPA, 1996). Conventional pump-and-treat systems serve two main purposes: to contain the contaminant plume by changing the natural hydraulic gradient and to remove contaminants from the groundwater aquifer. Despite being heavily criticized for being costly, lengthy, and only somewhat effective as a stand-alone technology, pump-and-treat is the most effective method to contain a contaminated groundwater plume (U.S. EPA, 1997). Thus, it continues to be an integral part of the overall clean-up strategy. When combined in a treatment train with ex situ groundwater treatment and in situ bioremediation, the system can be effective in reducing groundwater contaminants and restoring aquifer quality. The intent of this project is to develop an objective function to minimize the cost of ex situ groundwater treatment. Five contaminant classes are considered: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC), Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOC), fuels, ordnance, and metals. Appendix A provides a list of typical contaminants for each class. For each contaminant class, equations representing the capital and O & M costs for ex situ technologies are presented. The cost of discharging treated water to a publicly owned treatment works (POTW) is also included. Costs associated with monitoring wells, injection/extraction wells, and subsurface treatment/enhancement are not a part of the project scope.