Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution and Photoevaporation of Protoplanetary Disks in Clusters: The Role of Pre-stellar Core Properties

We explore the effects of progenitor pre-stellar core properties on the evolution of disks with external photoevaporation in clusters. Since the strength of external photoevaporation is largely determined by the depth of the gravitational potential well of the disk, the external photoevaporation rate is the function of star mass and disk size. The properties of a core collapse set up the initial conditions of protoplanetary disks, so they influence the evolutions of star mass and disk size. Our calculations show that the core properties can dramatically influence the efficiency of external photoevaporation. For the core with low angular velocity, most core mass directly falls onto the central star or onto the disk near the star. External photoevaporation is suppressed even if external radiation from nearby massive stars are strong. In this case, the disk evolution in clusters is primarily driven by its own internal viscosity. However, if the core angular velocity is high, most core mass falls onto the disk far from the central star. External photoevaporation is so strong that the disk mass is severely evaporated. Finally, the star mass is very low and the disk lifetime is very short. Our calculations could interpret some observational features of disks in clusters, such as the diameter distribution of disks in the Trapezium cluster and the correlation between mass accretion rate and star mass. We suggest that the disk mass determined by (sub)millimeter wavelength observations may be underestimated.
Benchmarking surface selective vacuum ultraviolet and thermal postprocessing of thermoplastics for ultrasmooth 3-D-printed micro-optics

Abstract. State-of-the-art, polymeric, refractive micro-optics simultaneously require an ultrasmooth three-dimensional (3-D) surface and a precise geometry for excellent optical performance with minimal stray light. In earlier work, we have established a surface finishing process for thermoplastic polymer master structures that is only effective on the surface and does not affect the designed optical geometry, thus enabling polishing without touching. Therewith, the high curvature corners of a 50-μm-tall optical diffuser device were maintained while the surface roughness was reduced to about 10-nm root mean square. For this, 3-D master structures were first fabricated by direct write laser-lithography with two-photon polymerization. The master structures were replicated into poly(methyl methacrylate) through a poly(dimethyl siloxane) intermediate replication stamp. Finally, all structures were surface-polished by selective high-energy photon exposure and thermal postprocessing. In this work, we focus on the comparison of the surface smoothening using either postprocessing or dedicated direct writing strategies. For this comparison, strategies for modifying the exposed voxel size and the writing discretization being the primary source of roughness were tested by sweeping the laser exposure dose for two different resist materials and objectives. In conclusion, the postprocessing smoothening resulted in a lower roughness compared to a direct writing strategy—even when 50-nm vertical discretization steps were used—and still enabled 10 times shorter writing times.
[Total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy of cervical cancer stage IB--case report].

OBJECTIVE Clinical application of minimally invasive surgical techniques in gynecology continuous to increase steadily. Laparoscopic surgery has widely replaced open surgical technique in many routine cases. This method is obviously less traumatic and painful, requires a shorter hospital stay and recovery time. The aim of the study is to present the first operation of total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy of cervical cancer. PATIENT AND METHOD A 44-year-old woman was admitted to hospital for surgery due to cervical cancer stage IB1. The patient body mass index was 23.7. She was qualified for total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (Piver type III) and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. Three 5-mm trocars and 0-degree optic laparoscopic camera were used. We also used other instruments such as two atraumatic grasping forceps, a monopolar hook, Thermostapler forceps (EMED) with bipolar vessel sealing system and bipolar scissors BiSect (ERBE) for cutting, coagulation and preparation. RESULTS The operating time was 220 minutes. Blood loss was 100 ml. The Hb drop was 1.5 g/dl. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. The postoperative hospital stay was 3 days. Final histopathologic test revealed carcinoma planoepitheliale invasivum colli uteri with negative margins of vaginal cuffs. 1 out of the 15 lymph nodes identified in the removed tissue was positive for malignancy. CONCLUSION Total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy is a safe, effective and minimally invasive technique of diagnosis and treatment in an early stage of cervical cancer. This technique requires further evidence and evaluation before its widespread use.
A Balanced Tree Approach to Construction of Length-Compatible Polar Codes

—From the perspective of tree, we design a length-compatible coding scheme in this paper. We ﬁrst construct a balanced binary tree for an arbitrary given code length where the root node represents a codeword, each of the leaf nodes represents either an active bit or a frozen bit and the relationship between a parent node and its child nodes is deﬁned by a modiﬁed ( 𝑈 + 𝑉 | 𝑉 ) construction. Both the encoding and the decoding can be implemented over the constructed tree. In the encoding process, we initialize the active leaf nodes by data bits and the frozen leaf nodes by zero, and then update the other nodes to obtain a codeword at the root node. In the decoding process, we initialize the log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) of the root node by a received vector, and then update the other nodes to obtain the estimates of data bits from the active leaf nodes. For code construction, we propose a universal method to rank the reliability of the leaf nodes and then select the most reliable leaf nodes as the active nodes. Numerical results demonstrate that for a moderate code rate, our proposed codes can perform better than the 5G polar codes. Index Terms —Coding tree, length-compatible polar codes, universal code construction.
Toward reduced representation of mixing state for simulating aerosol effects on climate

AbstractAtmospheric aerosols affect Earth’s energy budget, and hence its climate, by scattering and absorbing solar radiation and by altering the radiative properties and the lifetime of clouds. These two major aerosol effects depend on the optical properties and the cloud-nucleating ability of individual particles, which, in turn, depend on the distribution of components among individual particles, termed the “aerosol mixing state. ” Global models have moved toward including aerosol schemes to represent the evolution of particle characteristics, but individual particle properties cannot be resolved in global-scale simulations. Instead, models approximate the aerosol mixing state. The errors in climate-relevant aerosol properties introduced by such approximations may be large but have not yet been well quantified. This paper quantitatively addresses the question of to what extent the aerosol mixing state must be resolved to adequately represent the optical properties and cloud-nucleating properties of part.
SALT Observations of Hot Subdwarfs and Other Evolved Stars

SALT has been used to obtain a significant number of observations of hot subdwarfs and hydrogen-deficient stars. The greatest challenge is posed by the helium-rich subdwarfs, of which many have exotic surface compositions and for which an evolutionary origin is urgently sought. A second strand has been the study of pulsating subdwarf B stars, with emphasis on the detection of surface motion in an effort to use geometric methods to measure the stellar radius. Other hot evolved stars including the hydrogen-deficient binary DY Cen have also been observed. We report on progress.
On Global Error Estimation and Control for Parabolic Equations, Report No. 2512

The aim of this paper is to extend the global error estimation and control addressed in Lang and Verver [SIAM J. Sci. Comput. , 2007] for initial value problems to parabolic partial differential equations. The classical ODE approach based on the first variational equation is combined with an estimation for the PDE spatial truncation error to estimate the overall error in the computed solution. Control is achieved through tolerance proportionality and uniform mesh refinement. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the reliability of the estimation and control strategies.
Self-Confirming Equilibrium and the Lucas Critique 1

We examine the role of off-path “superstitions” in macro-economics, and show how a false belief about off-path play is the key element underlying both the Lucas Critique and the game-theoretic concept of self-confirming equilibrium. However, the impact of false beliefs in these two cases is different: In the Lucas case, a policy maker’s incorrect beliefs about off-path play can lead to the adoption of mistaken policy innovation. However, the consequences of such an innovation provide evidence that the belief that motivated them was wrong. In contrast, play may never escape an undesirable self-confirming equilibrium, as the action implied by the mistaken belief does not generate data that contradicts it; escape from the self-confirming equilibrium requires that players do a sufficient amount of experimentation with off-path actions. 1 We would like to thank Lee Ohanian, Michael Woodford, Robert E. Lucas Jr. and NSF Grant SES-0314713. 2 Departments of Economics, Harvard University and Washington University in St. Louis. Email addresses: dfudenberg@harvard.edu, david@dklevine.com.
Buddha Sphere Horse Structured light ( with deviation ) Photometric stereo Our method *

This paper considers the problem of computing scene depth from a stereo pair of cameras under a sequence of illumination directions. By integrating parallax and shading cues, we obtain both metric depth and fine surface details. Casting this problem into the filter flow framework [16], enables a convex formulation of the problem, and thus a globally optimal solution. We demonstrate high quality, continuous depth maps on a range of examples.
Australian Journal of Teacher Education Personalising Learning in Teacher Education through the Use of Technology Recommended Citation Personalising Learning in Teacher Education through the Use of Technology

The meaningful integration of technology in teaching and learning is consistently called for in all sectors of education. Recently it has appeared as a key tenet for achieving what has been termed as personalising learning. Personalising learning, a concept that addresses a range of current best-practice approaches with an added emphasis on ICT and the voice of individual learners, is becoming more prevalent in both general discussion, and in some countries, in policy regarding education. If its prevalence continues to grow, teacher educators need to consider how they too can incorporate personalising learning approaches in their courses to ensure graduate teachers are equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge to implement personalising learning approaches in their own classrooms. This paper considers the components of personalising learning and describes one approach to creating a technology-infused learning environment that has been trialled in the tertiary sector. The key focus of this trial was the effective integration of technology as an enabler of personalising learning. Findings indicate that meaningful student learning experiences can be achieved through a personalised approach which also supports the emerging tenets of effective, pedagogical use of ICT for learning. These findings led to a model of Technology for Personalising Learning (TPL) which is presented as a planning framework through which personalising learning with technology can be achieved in higher education.
Synoptic-Scale Waves in Sheared Background Flow over the Western North Pacific

AbstractTropical depression (TD)-type waves are the dominant mode of synoptic-scale fluctuations over the western North Pacific. By applying spatiotemporal filters to the observed OLR data and the NCEP–DOE AMIP-II reanalysis data for 1979–2013, this study reveals the characteristics and energetics of convectively coupled TD-type waves under the effects of different circulation patterns in association with vertical wind shear. Results exhibit that different ambient sheared flows significantly affect the vertical structure of westward-propagating TD-type waves, with a lower-tropospheric mode in an easterly sheared background and an upper-tropospheric mode in a westerly sheared background. Energetic diagnoses demonstrate that when the disturbance is trapped in the lower (upper) level by easterly (westerly) shear, the horizontal mean flow in the lower (upper) level favors wave growth by converting energy from the shear of the zonal mean flow (from the convergence of the meridional mean flow). During the penet.
Documents de Travail du Centre d ’ Economie de la Sorbonne Using or Hiding Private Information ? An Experimental Study of Zero-Sum Repeated Games with Incomplete Information

This paper studies experimentally the value of private information in strictly competitive interactions with asymmetric information. We implement in the laboratory three examples from the class of zero-sum repeated games with incomplete information on one side and perfect monitoring. The stage games share the same simple structure, but differ markedly on how information should be optimally used once they are repeated. Despite the complexity of the optimal strategies, the empirical value of information coincides with the theoretical prediction in most instances. In particular, it is never negative, it decreases with the number of repetitions, and it is nicely bounded below by the value of the infinitely repeated game and above by the value of the one-shot game. Subjects are unable to completely ignore their information when it is optimal to do so, but the use of information in the lab reacts qualitatively well to the type and length of the game being played.
Quantile Regression Under Misspecification, with an Application to the U.S. Wage Structure

Quantile regression(QR) fits a linear model for conditional quantiles, just as ordinary least squares (OLS) fits a linear model for conditional means. An attractive feature of OLS is that it gives the minimum mean square error linear approximation to the conditional expectation function even when the linear model is misspecified. Empirical research using quantile regression with discrete covariates suggests that QR may have a similar property, but the exact nature of the linear approximation has remained elusive. In this paper, we show that QR can be interpreted as minimizing a weighted mean-squared error loss function for specification error. The weighting function is an average density of the dependent variable near the true conditional quantile. The weighted least squares interpretation of QR is used to derive an omitted variables bias formula and a partial quantile correlation concept, similar to the relationship between partial correlation and OLS. We also derive general asymptotic results for QR processes allowing for misspecification of the conditional quantile function, extending earlier results from a single quantile to the entire process. The approximation properties of QR are illustrated through an analysis of the wage structure and residual inequality in US Census data for 1980, 1990, and 2000. The results suggest continued residual inequality growth in the 1990s, primarily in the upper half of the wage distribution and for college graduates.
The p-spectral radius of the Laplacian matrix

The p -spectral radius of a graph G = ( V, E ) with adjacency matrix A is deﬁned as λ ( p ) ( G ) = max (cid:107) x (cid:107) p =1 x T Ax . This parameter shows connections with graph invariants, and has been used to generalize some extremal problems. In this work, we deﬁne the p -spectral radius of the Laplacian matrix L as µ ( p ) ( G ) = max (cid:107) x (cid:107) p =1 x T Lx . We show that µ ( p ) ( G ) relates to invariants such as maximum degree and size of a maximum cut. We also show properties of µ ( p ) ( G ) as a function of p , and a upper bound on max G : | V ( G ) | = n µ ( p ) ( G ) in terms of n = | V | for p > 2, which is attained if n is even.
Telepathology

The development of a Queensland-wide videoconferencing network provided an opportunity to develop telepathology. In 1999, weekly videoconferences began with remote laboratories and clinical staff in four peripheral hospitals and the Royal Brisbane Hospital and in 2000 biweekly videoconference pathology grand rounds started across Queensland with up to six sites, from Cairns to the Gold Coast, joining in or presenting. The average number of sites connected was 3.0 in 1998, 3.5 in 1999, 4.4 in 2000 and 4.5 in 2001. Problems included the complexity of the system, timing and need for bookings, coordination of presenters and presentations, and the time needed to organize sessions, set up linkages, advertise sessions and attend the telepathology conference. Successful meetings have been associated with well prepared cases, time for discussion, attendance by all sites, timeliness of cases and responses, and the presence of experts to respond to questions, as well as effective linkages and trouble-free hardware. Future needs include better infrastructure and trained staff to coordinate the linkages and presentations. Telepathology has an important part to play in the provision of cost-effective medical care in Queensland.
A Gaussian wavelet network-based robust adaptive tracking controller for a wheeled mobile robot with unknown wheel slips

ABSTRACT In this paper, a robust adaptive tracking controller is proposed for a nonholonomic wheeled mobile robot (WMR) in the presence of unknown wheel slips. The role of the Gaussian wavelet network in this proposed controller is to approximate unknown smooth nonlinear dynamic functions due to no prior knowledge of the dynamic parameters of the WMR. In addition, one robust law is employed at the kinematic level so as to compensate the harmful effects of the unknown wheel slips, and another robust law is used at the dynamic level to overcome total uncertainties caused by dynamic parameter variations, external disturbances, etc. The stability of the whole closed-loop control system is proved in accordance with Lyapunov theory and Barbalat's lemma. Ultimately, the simulation results are shown in comparison with those of another control method under the same condition to confirm the validity and efficiency of this proposed control method.
Algorithm 1 : A Bayesian Policy Gradient Evaluation Algorithm

Policy gradient methods are reinforcement learning algorithms that adapt a parameterized policy by following a performance gradient estimate. Conventional policy gradient methods use Monte-Carlo techniques to estimate this gradient. Since Monte Carlo methods tend to have high variance, a large number of samples is required, resulting in slow convergence. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian framework that models the policy gradient as a Gaussian process. This reduces the number of samples needed to obtain accurate gradient estimates. Moreover, estimates of the natural gradient as well as a measure of the uncertainty in the gradient estimates are provided at little extra cost.
Need for Structure Predicts Leadership Preference

If you believe this document infringes copyright then please contact the KAR admin team with the take-down information provided at http://kar.kent. ac.uk/contact.html Citation for published version Leicht, Carola and Crisp, Richard J. and Randsley de Moura, Georgina (2013) Need for structure predicts leadership preference. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 17 (1). pp. 53-66. ISSN 1089-2699.
A Prospective Cohort Study of Death Related to Opioid use in Older Patients with a Diagnosis of Cancer

-Context: Opioids use in older adults with cancer is growing, as do world population over 60 years of age. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the use of opioids and death in older patients with a cancer diagnosis. Methods: We performed the analysis in a prospective cohort study with an internal comparison group. Statistical modeling considered clinical and laboratory variables. The cohort included 747 patients. Of these, 59 patients were using opioids
Liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure: Importance of renal failure

One hundred eighty-one consecutive patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) presenting in a 2-year period were reviewed. In this cohort we examined the impact of pretransplant renal failure on mortality and morbidity following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx). Twenty-seven patients (18 female, 9 male) with a median age of 43.5 years (range 19–65 years) underwent OLTx. FHF was due to idiosyncratic drug reaction (n = 4), paracetamol overdose (n = 3), seronegative hepatitis (n = 17), hepatitis B (n = 1), veno-occlusive disease (n = 1), and Wilson's disease (n = 1). Renal failure was present in 14 patients, 7 of whom died (whereas there was 100% survival in patients without renal failure). Pretransplant renal failure was associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation (13 days vs 6 days,P = 0.05), prolonged intensive care stay (17 days vs 8 days,P = 0.01) and prolonged hospital stay (27 vs 21 days,P = NS). Pretransplant renal failure did not predict renal dysfunction at 1 year after OLTx. We conclude that the survival of patients transplanted for FHF is inferior to that of patients transplanted for chronic liver disease (67% vs 88% 1-year survival in Birmingham). For patients with FHF undergoing transplantation, pretransplant renal failure strongly predicts poor outcome with significantly greater consumption of resources.
IS INDIA ' S MANUFACTURING SECTOR MOVING AWAY FROM CITIES ?

This paper investigates the urbanization of the Indian manufacturing sector by combining enterprise data from formal and informal sectors. We find that plants in the formal sector are moving away from urban and into rural locations, while the informal sector is moving from rural to urban locations. While the secular trend for India’s manufacturing urbanization has slowed down, the localized importance of education and infrastructure have not. Our results suggest that districts with better education and infrastructure have experienced a faster pace of urbanization, although higher urban-rural cost ratios cause movement out of urban areas. This process is associated with improvements in the spatial allocation of plants across urban and rural locations. Spatial location of plants has implications for policy on investments in education, infrastructure, and the livability of cities. The high share of urbanization occurring in the informal sector suggests that urbanization policies that contain inclusionary approaches may be more successful in promoting local development and managing its strains than those focused only on the formal sector. Ejaz Ghani South Asia PREM The World Bank Washington D.C. Eghani@worldbank.org Arti Grover Goswami World Bank Washington, DC agrover1@worldbank.org William R. Kerr Harvard Business School Rock Center 212 Soldiers Field Boston, MA 02163 and NBER wkerr@hbs.edu