Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Seating Position and Appropriate Restraint Use on the Risk of Injury to Children in Motor Vehicle Crashes

Background. Currently, many states are upgrading their child restraint laws to include provisions for the use of age-appropriate restraints through 6 to 8 years of age, with some also requiring rear seating for children, enabling the laws to be in closer alignment with best-practice recommendations. Objective. To evaluate the relationships of seating position and restraint status to the risk of injury among children in passenger vehicle crashes. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study of children <16 years of age who were involved in crashes of insured vehicles in 15 states, with data collected via insurance claims records and a telephone survey. A probability sample of 17980 children in 11506 crashes, representing 229106 children in 146613 crashes, was collected between December 1, 1998, and November 30, 2002. Parent reports were used to define restraint status, seating position, and occurrence of clinically significant injuries, with the use of a previously validated instrument. Results. Approximately 62% of the children used seat belts, 35% used child restraints, and 3% used no restraint. Nearly 4 of 5 children sat in the rear seat, with one half of all children being restrained appropriately for their age in the rear, although this varied according to the age of the child. Overall, 1.6% of children suffered serious injuries, 13.5% had minor injuries, and 84.9% did not have any injury. Unrestrained children in the front were at the highest risk of injury and appropriately restrained children in the rear were at the lowest risk, for all age groups. Inappropriately restrained children were at nearly twice the risk of injury, compared with appropriately restrained children (odds ratio [OR]: 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4–2.3), whereas unrestrained children were at >3 times the risk (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 2.5–4.1). The effect of seating row was smaller than the effect of restraint status; children in the front seat were at 40% greater risk of injury, compared with children in the rear seat (OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.2–1.7). Had all children in the study population been appropriately restrained in the rear seat, 1014 serious injuries (95% CI: 675–1353 injuries) would have been prevented (with the assumption that restraint effectiveness does not depend on a variety of other driver-related, child-related, crash-related, vehicle-related, and environmental factors). Conclusions. Age-appropriate restraint confers relatively more safety benefit than rear seating, but the 2 work synergistically to provide the best protection for children in crashes. These results support the current focus on age-appropriate restraint in recently upgraded state child restraint laws. However, it is important to note that considerable added benefit would be realized with additional requirements for rear seating.
The Effect of Laundering on the Thermal and Water Transfer Properties of Mass-produced Laminated Nanofiber Web for Use in Wear

Nanofiber web produced via mass production electrospinning has many potential applications due to its large specific area, very small pore size, and high porosity. Despite such potential, the application of nanofiber web has been limited on account of its poor mechanical properties. In our previous study, the mechanical properties of laminated nanofiber web were investigated, and it was found that the mechanical properties of nanofiber web are sufficient for use as cloth in outdoor wear if a laminating process is used in its production. In this study, we focus on the use of nanofiber web as a breathable fabric. The purpose of this study is to measure the functional properties of mass-produced nanofiber web, and then to investigate any change of those functional properties that may occur as a result of laundering. The measured functional properties include the water transfer properties of waterproofness and vapor permeability as well as the thermal transfer properties of warm/cool feeling and thermal conductivity. We conclude that the maintenance of nanofiber web morphology despite repeated laundering allows for the retention of the water and thermal transfer properties of the material.
Components of Heuristic Strategy: Evaluation of Stories with DST tool on Touch Screen Tablet

Storytelling technique is an effective method for teaching and learning process among educators due to its easy and fast technique. With the boost of technology on mobile devices such as tablet and smart phone, creating stories become easy with a tool on natural interfaces. Compared to the size with the smart phone, interaction of tablet works effectively with flick/fling and pinch/spread function which contributes the realistic details by making changes in the size and editing character in the creation of stories. However, the lack of established guidelines (heuristics) for touch screen interaction has led to misunderstanding of heuristic on mobile applications specifically on creating stories. Therefore, heuristic strategy is proposed to evaluate the digital storytelling (DST) tool that have been designated. The strategy consists of three components: Interface, DST and Multimedia. Next, in order to determine the relationship among the three components, a Pearson Correlation Analysis is employed. The results indicate that the strategy is useful and potential to be implemented in similar DST tool applications.
Lecture notes on impedance spectroscopy: measurement, modeling and applications

Modeling impedance spectroscopy data from lithium-ion battery aging utilizing particle swarm optimization Effects of soil properties on steel samples as studied with electro-chemical impedance measurements Magnetic field effect on hydrogen evolution activity of electrodeposited Ni-Mo coatings Scalable impedance spectroscopy: Comparative study of sinusoidal and rectangular chirp excitations Harmonic controlled excitation in galvanostatic impedance spectroscopy Hardware concept and feature extraction for low-cost impedance spectroscopy for semiconductor gas sensors Current source considerations for broadband bioimpedance spectroscopy Handheld impedance measurement platform for preliminary analysis in biomedicine and technology Design and application of low cost system based on planar electromagnetic sensors and impedance spectroscopy for monitoring of nitrate contamination in natural water sources Impedance spectroscopy of novel interdigital sensors for endotoxin detection Characterisation of electromechanically active polymers using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of systems with low electrolytic conductivity Recent experiments at CiS (Center of intelligent Sensor technology) concerning CVD/ALD layer monitoring Impedance spectroscopy of solar cells Simulation of continuous spectroscopic bioimpedance measurements for impedance cardiography Tissue diagnostics using inductive impedance spectroscopy Impedimetric biosensor for determination of cell viability on cell adhesion Quantitative investigation of electrode geometry for biological tissues measurement Author index.
Does footprint depth correlate with foot motion and pressure?

Footprints are the most direct source of evidence about locomotor biomechanics in extinct vertebrates. One of the principal suppositions underpinning biomechanical inferences is that footprint geometry correlates with dynamic foot pressure, which, in turn, is linked with overall limb motion of the trackmaker. In this study, we perform the first quantitative test of this long-standing assumption, using topological statistical analysis of plantar pressures and experimental and computer-simulated footprints. In computer-simulated footprints, the relative distribution of depth differed from the distribution of both peak and pressure impulse in all simulations. Analysis of footprint samples with common loading inputs and similar depths reveals that only shallow footprints lack significant topological differences between depth and pressure distributions. Topological comparison of plantar pressures and experimental beach footprints demonstrates that geometry is highly dependent on overall print depth; deeper footprints are characterized by greater relative forefoot, and particularly toe, depth than shallow footprints. The highlighted difference between ‘shallow’ and ‘deep’ footprints clearly emphasizes the need to understand variation in foot mechanics across different degrees of substrate compliance. Overall, our results indicate that extreme caution is required when applying the ‘depth equals pressure’ paradigm to hominin footprints, and by extension, those of other extant and extinct tetrapods.
Kinematic Changes during Prolonged Fast-Walking in Old and Young Adults

Walking biomechanics is known to be influenced by speed. However, most of the research examining the effects of walking speed and gait characteristics has been conducted after a fast-walking task, neglecting the changes that may occur during the task. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of fast-walking over time on kinematics in young and old adults. Twenty-seven young adults (26.6 ± 6.0 years) and 23 old adults (71.0 ± 5.6 years) walked at 70% of their maximum heart rate for 20 min or until exhaustion, and the effects of fast-walking on temporospatial parameters and on angular kinematics were analyzed during the activity. During the protocol, both age-groups increased step-width variability. Significant effects of time were found for the ankle and hip at toe off for the older group. For the younger group, only the ankle angle at heel strike changed over time. For both groups, fast-walking induced changes in the coordination among the lower-limb angles that were more prominent during the swing phase of the gait. In conclusion, lower-limb kinematics changes in young adults were compatible with early signs of fatigue. The increased step-width variability in older adults may indicate an augmented risk of falling. Changes in the lower-limb walking kinematics of old adults suggest that the adjustments for weight acceptance and body propulsion were restricted to the hip and ankle joints. The kinematic changes among the lower-limb joint angles during the swing phase may compromise the quality of gait. These findings provide a foundation for future studies in the assessment of the risk of falls in older adults associated with walking at a faster pace.
Lsh controls Hox gene silencing during development

Polycomb-mediated repression and DNA methylation are important epigenetic mechanisms of gene silencing. Recent evidence suggests a functional link between the polycomb repressive complex (PRC) and Dnmts in cancer cells. Here we provide evidence that Lsh, a regulator of DNA methylation, is also involved in normal control of PRC-mediated silencing during embryogenesis. We demonstrate that Lsh, a SNF2 homolog, can associate with some Hox genes and regulates Dnmt3b binding, DNA methylation, and silencing of Hox genes during development. Moreover, Lsh can associate with PRC1 components and influence PRC-mediated histone modifications. Thus Lsh is part of a physiological feedback loop that reinforces DNA methylation and silencing of PRC targets.
Oxygen-Sensitive Global Regulator, Anr, Is Involved in the Biosynthesis of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) in Pseudomonas extremaustralis

We analyzed the influence of the redox global regulator Anr on the accumulation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in Pseudomonas extremaustralis. Anr regulates a set of genes in the aerobic-anaerobic transition including genes involved in nitrate reduction and arginine fermentation. An anr mutant was constructed using PCR-based strategies. The wild-type strain was able to grow in both microaerobic and anaerobic conditions using nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor while the mutant strain was unable to grow under anaerobic conditions. In bioreactor cultures, PHB content in the wild-type strain was higher in microaerobic and anaerobic cultures compared with highly aerated cultures. The mutant strain showed decreased PHB levels in both aerobic and microaerobic conditions compared with the wild-type strain. Inactivation of anr led to decreased expression of phaC and phaR genes as demonstrated in real-time RT-PCR experiments. Associated with the PHB gene region, two putative binding sites for Anr were found that, in line with the phenotype observed in bioreactor cultures, suggest a role of this regulator in PHB biosynthesis.
Mapping model with Inter-array memory sharing for multidimensional signal processing

The storage requirements in data-intensive signal processing systems (including applications in video and image processing, artificial vision, medical imaging, real-time 3-D rendering, advanced audio and speech coding) have an important impact on both the system performance and the essential design parameters -the overall power consumption and chip area. This is due to the significant amount of data that must be stored during the execution of the algorithmic specification, as well as due to the amount of data transfers to/from large, energy-consuming, off-chip data memories. This paper addresses the problem of efficiently mapping the multidimensional signals from the algorithmic specification of the system into the physical memory. Different from all the previous mapping models that aim to optimize the memory sharing between the elements of a same array, creating separate windows in the physical memory for distinct arrays, this proposed mapping model is the first one to exploit the possibility of memory sharing between different arrays. As a consequence, this signal-to-memory mapping approach yields significant savings in the amount of data storage resulted after mapping.
SELF-ADESİF REÇİNE SİMANLAR SELF-ADHESIVE RESIN CEMENTS

OZET Yeni nesil yapistirici ajanlarin avantajlari, uygulamada asit primer ve bonding gerektirmemesi, teknik hassasiyetin azalmasi, diste olusabilecek post operatif hassasiyetin ortadan kaldirilabilmesi, daha az zaman gerektirmesi, fluor salinimi yapmasi ve genis bir endikasyon alani bulmasidir. In-vitro sonuclara gore self-adesif simanin dentine ve cesitli restoratif materyallere olan adezyonu tatmin edicidir. Ancak mineye baglanma ozelliklerinin daha zayif oldugu gorulmektedir. Bu derlemenin amaci, self-adesif simanlar hakkinda yapilan calismalarin degerlendirilmesi ile ozelliklerini, kullanimlarini ve dis dokularina adezyon (mine, dentin ve kok dentini), restoratif materyallere olan adezyonu (endodontik postlar, seramikler, titanyum abutmanlar). marjinal adaptasyon, mikrosizinti, mekanik ozellikler, biyouyumluluk, kimyasal adezyon ve fluor salinimi, kirik olusumu acisindan degerlendiren takip calismalarini incelemektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Self-adesif recine simanlar, dentin bondingler, mekanik ozellikler. ABSTRACT New generation luting ajents have a lot of advantages such as; unnecessity to use etch, primer and bonding during application, less technique sensitivity and time, elimination of post operative sensitivity, fluoride release and to have wide range of indications. In-vitro tests resulted that self-adhesive resin cements have satisfactory adhesion to dentin and restorative materials. However, adhesion to enamel is less than the others. The aim of this review is to assess the literature about self-adhesive resin cements and their properties, application, adhesion to tooth structure(enamel, dentin, root dentin) and restorative materials (endodontic posts, ceramics, titanium abutments), marginal adaptation, microleakage, mechanic properties, biocompability, chemical adhesion, fluoride release and fractures published so far. Key Words: Self-adhesive resin cements, dentin bonding, mechanical properties.
Gff2ps: Visualizing Genomic Annotations

gff2psis a program for visualizing annotations of genomic sequences. The program takes the annotated features on a genomic sequence in GFF format as input, and produces a visual output in PostScript. While it can be used in a very simple way, it also allows for a great degree of customization through a number of options and/or customization files.
Improved pressure response with embedded solid microbeads in microfluidic soft sensors

Soft sensors with embedded microchannels filled with liquid conductors have recently been proposed for detecting various types of mechanical stimuli, such as contact pressures, shear forces, strains, and curvatures. Their sensing behaviors are mainly determined by geometrical changes of the embedded microchannels, which is caused by mechanical deformation of the soft structures. In order to control the cross-sectional changes of the microchannels for desired sensor responses, we propose to add solid non-conductive microbeads in the microchannels. Using finite element analysis, we evaluated the influence of the embedded microbeads on the pressure response of soft sensors. We also experimentally compared the pressure responses of soft sensors with rectangular microchannels by changing the number of the beads. Our preliminary results from simulation and experiments showed that the embedded microbeads improved the pressure response of the soft sensors in terms of their linearity, sensitivity, and dynamic range.
Some Properties of Brzozowski Derivatives of Regular Expressions

Brzozowski derivatives of a regular expression are developed for constructing deterministic automata from the given regular expression in the algebraic way. In this paper,some lemmas of the regular expressions are discussed and the regular languages of the derivatives are illustrated. Also the generalizations of the Brzozowski derivatives are proved as theorems with help of properties and known results.
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is a genetic disorder that occurs almost exclusively in males. This condition mainly affects red blood cells, which carry oxygen from the lungs to tissues throughout the body. In affected individuals, a defect in an enzyme called glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase causes red blood cells to break down prematurely. This destruction of red blood cells is called hemolysis.
Overview of small antenna research at the university of Zagreb

The paper presents some research results in the field of small antennas obtained at the Department of Wireless Communications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb. Various techniques of antenna miniaturization have been used, and several prototypes have been manufactured. Planar antenna structures as shorted patches and stacked shorted patches as well as non-planar antennas have been considered.
Design Method for Numerical Function Generators Using Recursive Segmentation and EVBDDs

Numerical function generators (NFGs) realize arithmetic functions, such as ex, sin(πx), and √x, in hardware. They are used in applications where high-speed is essential, such as in digital signal or graphics applications. We introduce the edge-valued binary decision diagram (EVBDD) as a means of reducing the delay and memory requirements in NFGs. We also introduce a recursive segmentation algorithm, which divides the domain of the function to be realized into segments, where the given function is realized as a polynomial. This design reduces the size of the multiplier needed and thus reduces delay. It is also shown that an adder can be replaced by a set of 2-input AND gates, further reducing delay. We compare our results to NFGs designed with multi-terminal BDDs (MTBDDs). We show that EVBDDs yield a design that has, on the average, only 39% of the memory and 58% of the delay of NFGs designed using MTBDDs.
Circulating levels of the long pentraxin PTX3 correlate with severity of infection in critically ill patients

ObjectiveTo evaluate the recently discovered long pentraxin PTX3 in plasma of critically ill patients and to compare it with the classic short pentraxin C-reactive protein and with other indicators of inflammation. DesignA cohort study on plasma samples. SettingMedical intensive care unit (ICU) of the University Hospital of Basel. PatientsA total of 101 consecutive critically ill patients admitted to the medical ICU. InterventionsVenous blood samples were routinely obtained at entry, on day 2, and at discharge or before death. Measurements and Main Results Plasma samples were obtained from 101 consecutive critically ill patients admitted to the ICU with systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, or septic shock. PTX3 plasma levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PTX3 was elevated in critically ill patients, with a gradient from systemic inflammatory response syndrome to septic shock. PTX3 levels correlated with clinical scores reflecting severity of disease (e.g., Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II:p = .00097). In addition, high levels of PTX3 were associated with unfavorable outcome. ConclusionsThe long pentraxin PTX3 is elevated in critically ill patients and correlates with severity of disease and infection. Compared with the short pentraxin C-reactive protein, PTX3 may be a more direct indicator of tissue involvement by inflammatory and infectious processes.
An Integrated Billing Application to Streamline Clinician Workflow

Between 2008 and 2010, our academic medical center transitioned to electronic provider documentation using a commercial electronic health record system. For attending physicians, one of the most frustrating aspects of this experience was the system's failure to support their existing electronic billing workflow. Because of poor system integration, it was difficult to verify the supporting documentation for each bill and impractical to track whether billable notes had corresponding charges. We developed and deployed in 2011 an integrated billing application called "iCharge" that streamlines clinicians' documentation and billing workflow, and simultaneously populates the inpatient problem list using billing diagnosis codes. Each month, over 550 physicians use iCharge to submit approximately 23,000 professional service charges for over 4,200 patients. On average, about 2.5 new problems are added to each patient's problem list. This paper describes the challenges and benefits of workflow integration across disparate applications and presents an example of innovative software development within a commercial EHR framework.
An evaluation of a chronic disease prevention program in the Republika Srpska (RS) of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Introduction In 2002 the Republika Srpska of Bosnia and Herzegovina adopted goals for reducing the burden of chronic disease through a new screening program in its publicly funded health centers (“Dom Zdravljas”). This study evaluated the first year of program implementation. Methods The evaluation used in-depth interviews with 25 key stakeholders and in-person interviews with 1004 citizens. Results We found that many health care providers and citizens were unaware of the program. In addition, there was inadequate financing for the program, because the Health Insurance Fund does not collect revenue for uninsured citizens, more than 20 per cent of the population. Conclusion We recommend improved co-ordination among public and private organizations involved in implementation; increased promotion of the program with health care providers and citizens; and increased financial resources for providing screening for uninsured citizens.