Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structure of a frontal cyclone

A diagnostic study of a mid-latitude cyclone has been carried out using routinely available numerical weather-prediction model products and imagery. The cyclone was intense but not exceptionally so, and the results are believed to have some generality. The detailed description of the cyclone structure, just before it began to deepen rapidly, integrates concepts from a number of researchers into a common framework. A dominant feature of the cyclone, close to its centre, was the ‘cloud head’: a region of cloud with a sharp convex outer edge, which formed poleward of the main polar-front cloud band. The cloud head was caused by two flows that entered it from the east, ascending and fanning out within it. One flow (the ‘cold conveyor belt’) brought low wet-bulb potential temperature (θw) air back into the cloud head from low levels ahead of the warm front. The other flow was due to high-θw air that peeled off from the base of the main warm-sector airflow (i.e. part of the ‘warm conveyor belt’) and travelled in the boundary layer back towards the cyclone centre, first undercutting dry air that had earlier descended from the upper troposphere (called a ‘dry intrusion’), and then ascending at the upper boundary of the cloud head, above the cold conveyor belt. The transverse circulation that gave the ascent within the cloud head also led to the cold front fracturing along its length into two separate sharp surface cold fronts, with a more diffuse frontal region in between (‘frontal fracture’). The two sharp surface cold fronts were associated with narrow cold-frontal rainbands (‘line convection’), one of the line-convection segments forming the southern edge of the cloud head. The overrunning of the dry intrusion in the region of the frontal fracture led to a structure (known as a ‘split front’) in which an upper-level humidity front began to run ahead of the position of the surface cold front. A feature of the cyclone at this intermediate stage in its evolution was that a large proportion of the precipitation was being generated by ascent of relatively cold air (the cold conveyor belt) in the cloud head as part of the thermally indirect circulation at the left exit of a developing secondary upper-level jet.
Divergent responses of butterflies and bees to burning and grazing management in tallgrass prairies

Abstract Butterflies and bees contribute significantly to grassland biodiversity and play important roles as pollinators and herbivores. Grassland conservation and management must be seen through the lens of insect conservation and management if these species are to thrive. In North America, grasslands are a product of climate and natural disturbances such as fire and grazing. These natural disturbances have changed considerably since European colonization and subsequent landscape fragmentation. The aim of this study was to better understand the impacts of fire and grazing management on butterfly and bee communities in tallgrass prairie, enabling land managers and conservationists to better protect and manage remnant prairie. We examined butterfly and bee abundance, species richness, and diversity in Minnesota tallgrass prairies managed by grazing or fire. In 2016 and 2017, we surveyed butterflies, bees, vegetation, and surrounding land use at 20 remnant prairies (10 burned and 10 grazed) with known management histories. Butterfly and bee abundance at our study sites were significantly negatively correlated. Butterfly abundance, but not species richness, was higher in burned than grazed prairies, and prairie‐associated grass‐feeding butterflies were more abundant at sites with higher plant species richness. Bee abundance was unrelated to management type but was higher at sites with sandier soils; bee species richness was positively associated with forb frequency. These findings highlight the challenges of designing management plans tailored to wide groups of pollinators and the potential pitfalls of using one group of pollinators as indicators for another. They also point to the importance of a mosaic of management practices across the prairie landscape.
On the classical {$d$}-orthogonal polynomials defined by certain generating functions. II

The purpose of this work is to present some results on the d-orthogonal polynomials dened by generating functions of certain forms to be specied below. The resulting polynomials are natural extensions of some classical orthogonal polynomials. The rst part of this study is motived by the recent work of Von Bachhaus [21] who showed that, among the orthogonal polynomials, only the Hermite and the Gegenbauer polynomials are dened by the generating function G 2xt t 2 . Here we generalize this result in the context of d-orthogonality, by considering the polynomials generated by G (d +1)xt t d+1 ,w hered is a positive integer. We obtain that the resulting polynomials are d-symmetric Denition 1.2 and \classical" in the Hahn’s sense. We provide some examples to illustrate the results obtained and show that they involve certain known polynomials. Finally, we conclude by giving some properties of the zeros of these polynomials as well as a (d +1 )-order dierential equation satised by each polynomial. In forthcoming paper [2] we will consider the polynomials generated by e t (xt).
Dynamic compact model of thermally assisted switching magnetic tunnel junctions

The general purpose of spin electronics is to take advantage of the electron’s spin in addition to its electrical charge to build innovative electronic devices. These devices combine magnetic materials which are used as spin polarizer or analyzer together with semiconductors or insulators, resulting in innovative hybrid CMOS/magnetic (Complementary MOS) architectures. In particular, magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) can be used for the design of magnetic random access memories [S. Tehrani, Proc. IEEE 91, 703 (2003)], magnetic field programmable gate arrays [Y. Guillement, International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing, 2008], low-power application specific integrated circuits [S. Matsunaga, Appl. Phys. Express 1, 091301 (2008)], and rf oscillators. The thermally assisted switching (TAS) technology requires heating the MTJ before writing it by means of an external field. It reduces the overall power consumption, solves the data writing selectivity issues, and improves the thermal stability of the written.
A pseudo-state sensitivity study on hydrogenic ions

An electron-impact excitation study of light hydrogenic ions has been carried out to quantify the effects of coupling to high bound/continuum states utilizing the R-matrix with pseudo-states method. As the ionization stage increases, the neglect of loss of flux into high-lying excitation/ionization channels impacts less upon excitation between the bound terms explicitly included within our close coupling expansion. C5+ is used as our benchmark study. The differences in Maxwell averaged collision strengths between a standard R-matrix calculation and those of a similar pseudo-state model across a range of temperatures shall be our criteria for judging differences. We carried out calculations for He+, Li2+, Be3+, B4+, C5+, O7+ and Ne9+ so as to provide excitation data amongst terms up to n = 5. Pseudo-state calculations were carried out for the first five ions, following a similar model to earlier neutral hydrogen work, whilst non-pseudo-state calculations sufficed for the remaining two ions. The results of these seven calculations will enhance existing excitation data sets for use in the modelling of controlled nuclear fusion plasma experiments.
Sex Differences in Emotions and Eating Behaviors among People Affected by Obesity

Relatively little research has examined sex differences among people affected by obesity. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between negative emotions and eating behaviors, taking into account the role of biological sex. The final sample consists of 200 candidates for bariatric surgery, 62 males (31%) and 138 females (69%), aged from 18 to 60 years (M = 40.71; SD = 11.30). Participants were screened with the Binge Scale Questionnaire (BSQ) and individually evaluated with the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) and the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Correlations were calculated by splitting the sample by sex. Analyses of the relationship between negative emotions and eating behavior showed a large number of correlations in the sample of women and few correlations in men. The differences between women and men with obesity suggest the need for a different theoretical construct that explains the differentiated mechanisms of functioning and lays the foundations for specific therapeutic paths.
Hearing rehabilitation of children and adolescents with unilateral hearing loss

ABSTRACT Purpose To describe the audiological characteristics and the type of intervention chosen on unilateral hearing loss cases in children and adolescents as well as to analyze correlations between the degree of hearing loss, the indication and the use of electronic devices. Methods Observational, descriptive and retrospective study, carried out with information of 34 medical records from children and adolescents with unilateral hearing loss, assessed by two auditory rehabilitation services of medium complexity, throughout 2016 to 2019. Descriptive and Inferential statistical analysis were performed with the data. Results A predominance of profound sensorineural unilateral hearing loss in the right ear, of pre-lingual character, with 20.6% of malformations. The most adopted intervention was the hearing aid indication, although its use is low, regardless of the degree of the hearing loss. An association was found between the degree of the hearing loss and the healthcare professionals in indicating the use of the devices. Conclusion The indication of hearing aids is the most frequent and this decision is influenced by the degree of the hearing loss, in which the devices are mostly indicated for mild to severe losses, with bigger divergence of conduct for profound hearing losses.
Health Effects of Infant Formula Supplemented with Probiotics or Synbiotics in Infants and Toddlers: Systematic Review with Network Meta-Analysis

Supplementation of infant and follow-up formula with probiotics or synbiotics has become a common practice. In 2011 and 2017, the evidence regarding the impact of these interventions was analysed systematically. Recently new evidence was published. To evaluate through a systematic review with network meta-analysis the evidence on the impact of infant formula supplemented with probiotics or synbiotics for healthy infants and 36-month-old toddlers. RCTs published between 1999–2019 for infant formulas supplemented with probiotics alone or synbiotics in healthy infants and toddlers were identified. Data analysis included clinical (gastrointestinal symptoms, risk reduction of infectious diseases, use of antibiotics, weight/height gain and frequency of adverse events) and non-clinical outcomes (changes in faecal microbiota and immune parameters). A random effect model was used. Hedges’ standard mean difference (SMD) and risk ratio (RR) were calculated. Rank analysis was performed to evaluate the superiority of each intervention. Twenty-six randomised controlled trials with 35 direct comparisons involving 1957 children receiving probiotic-supplemented formula and 1898 receiving control formula were reviewed. The mean duration of intervention was 5.6 ± 2.84 months. Certain strains demonstrated a reduction in episodes of colic, number of days with fever and use of antibiotics; however, there was considerable heterogeneity which reduced the level of certainty of effect. No significant effects were observed on weight, height or changes in faecal proportions of Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides or Clostridia. Although there is some evidence that may support a potential benefit of probiotic or synbiotic supplementation of infant formulas, variation in the quality of existing trials and the heterogeneity of the data preclude the establishment of robust recommendations.
Stochastic variational inequalities and optimal stopping: applications to the robustness of the portfolio/consumption processes

We give a new characterization of the Snell envelope of a given process as the unique solution of the stochastic variational inequality (SVI) in this article. This approach leads to several a priori estimates for the Snell envelopes and their components. The valuation for American Contingent Claims (ACC) in general financial market model is considered as an application. The robustness of the optimal portfolio/consumption processes with respect to the payoff function is established.
Application of Image Preprocessing on PIV Experimental Study of Wake Vortex Interactive Instability

A basic experiment study with a simplified wing model was carried out to introduce a opposite wake vortex by different sizes of spoilers. A PIV measurement was employed to obtain a two dimension wing wake vortex velocity field data of different spoilers in a water towing tank and confirm the existence of Reyleigh-Ludwieg instability in aircraft wake vortex. The image preprocessing is useful in PIV post-processing by comparing the three kinds of image preprocessing results with normal PIV image processing results.
On Stationary and Non-stationary M-band Framelet Packets

Abstract. This paper deals with a construction of both stationary and nonstationaryM-band tight framelet packets in L2(R) using extension principles.The approach here is different than the method described by Shah and Debnathin [ Explicit construction of M-band tight framelet packets, Analysis,32 (2012) 281-294 ] in that we directly decompose the multiresolution spaceVJ for a fixed level J > 0 to the level 0 with any combined wavelet maskm = [m0,m1, . ,mL] satisfying the unitary extension principle conditionM(ξ)M∗(ξ) = IM, where M(ξ) ={ml(ξ + 2πpM)}M−1l,p=0.
A model for the dependence of the electrical conductance with the applied stress in insulating-conducting composites

A model for the dependence of the electrical conductance, G, with the strain induced by external mechanical stress in conducting particles-polymer composites is presented. The model assumes that the percolation probability between neighboring particles must depart from a scale-invariant behavior but saturate at moderated-high strains, reaching percolation path’s saturation, with sigmoid dependence. This dependence is obtained by proposing a dynamic picture where contacts or bonds between neighboring particles are created but also destructed when a stress is applied and relatively moderated or high strains, e, are produced in the composite. The electrical conductance of prepared graphite-polydimethylsiloxane composites were measured as function of the applied pressure and fitted by the presented model. The elastic response to the uniaxial compression was studied using a texture analyzer. The possibility of nonuniversal effects in the conduction critical exponent, t, was taken into account. It is concluded .
Writing Yourself Well: Dispositional Self-Reflection Moderates the Effect of a Smartphone App-Based Journaling Intervention on Psychological Wellbeing across Time

Abstract Self-reflection is often viewed positively; paradoxically, however, it is also associated with distress, potentially because of its relationship with rumination. Focusing self-reflection on positive themes may be one way to promote adaptive self-reflection. This study examined whether the disposition to engage in self-reflection motivates use of a journal containing positively focused writing prompts and moderates the benefit gained from it, specifically when rumination is controlled for. For 28 days, participants (N = 152) accessed an app-based mental health intervention containing various features, including the aforementioned journal. Outcomes of self-regulation and psychological wellbeing were assessed, controlling for time spent using other app features. As expected, journaling was associated with improvements in psychological wellbeing but only when baseline self-reflection was average or higher. Journaling was also initially associated with improvements in self-regulation, but this was diminished after controlling for time spent using other app features. Findings suggest self-reflection could be a strength for fostering wellbeing when it is directed in a positive way.
Constraining the crustal composition of the continental U.S. using seismic observables

The composition of the crust is one of the most uncertain and controversial components of continental estimates due to (1) limited direct access and (2) inconsistent indirect assessments. Here we show that by combining high-resolution shear velocity (Vs) models with newly measured with newly measured ratio of compressional wave velocity (Vp) and Vs, or Vp/Vs ratio, for the crystalline crust, a 3-D composition (SiO2 wt%) model of the continental crust can be derived with uncertainty estimates. Comparing the model with local xenolith data shows consistency at mid and lower crustal depths. The spatial patterns in bulk SiO2 content correlate with major geological provinces, including the footprints of Cenozoic and Mesozoic mafic volcanism in the western U.S., and offer new insight into the composition and evolution of the continental U.S.
ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH AND CONSUMER TRUST ON PURCHASE INTEREST

Introduction: The spread of Covid-19 requires all activities to be carried out completely online, including shopping activities that utilize the marketplace, one of which is Bukalapak. This study is useful in knowing the influence of E-WOM and consumer confidence in purchase interest in the Bukalapak marketplace. Methods: This study uses a quantitative approach. The study population is visitors of Bukalapak marketplace from Surabaya. The sampling technique used non-probability sampling and the respondent sampling technique through accidental sampling, in order to obtain 77 respondents. Information collection is done by distributing questionnaires to respondents using Google Forms with a Likert scale from a score range of 1 to 5. Then the data is processed using Partial Least Square (PLS) data analysis techniques using validity tests, reliability tests, structural model tests and hypothesis testing. Results The results of the study show that E-WOM and consumer trust have a positive and significant influence on buyer interest in the Bukalapak marketplace. This means that E-WOM and consumer confidence contribute to the purchase interest of visitors in the Bukalapak Marketplace in Surabaya. Conclusion and suggestion: This study is conducted to build interest in buying as measured by electronic word of mouth and consumer trust in Bukalapak, it is hoped that sellers in Bukalapak will pay more attention to every comment and review that comes in and then give a good response so that in the future trust and buying interest from other consumers will increase. Thus, Bukalapak can develop its marketing strategy based on the results of this study, so that it becomes a marketplace that consumers always rely on.
Genomic Analysis of Pseudomonas asiatica JP233: An Efficient Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacterium

The bacterium Pseudomonas sp. strain JP233 has been reported to efficiently solubilize sparingly soluble inorganic phosphate, promote plant growth and significantly reduce phosphorus (P) leaching loss from soil. The production of 2-keto gluconic acid (2KGA) by strain JP233 was identified as the main active metabolite responsible for phosphate solubilization. However, the genetic basis of phosphate solubilization and plant-growth promotion remained unclear. As a result, the genome of JP233 was sequenced and analyzed in this study. The JP233 genome consists of a circular chromosome with a size of 5,617,746 bp and a GC content of 62.86%. No plasmids were detected in the genome. There were 5097 protein-coding sequences (CDSs) predicted in the genome. Phylogenetic analyses based on genomes of related Pseudomonas spp. identified strain JP233 as Pseudomonas asiatica. Comparative pangenomic analysis among 9 P. asiatica strains identified 4080 core gene clusters and 111 singleton genes present only in JP233. Genes associated with 2KGA production detected in strain JP233, included those encoding glucose dehydrogenase, pyrroloquinoline quinone and gluoconate dehydrogenase. Genes associated with mechanisms of plant-growth promotion and nutrient acquisition detected in JP233 included those involved in IAA biosynthesis, ethylene catabolism and siderophore production. Numerous genes associated with other properties beneficial to plant growth were also detected in JP233, included those involved in production of acetoin, 2,3-butanediol, trehalose, and resistance to heavy metals. This study provides the genetic basis to elucidate the plant-growth promoting and bio-remediation properties of strain JP233 and its potential applications in agriculture and industry.
Socio-economic factors affecting the use of non-timber forest products in swine production in the Colombian Amazon

In view of the difficulties present in the swine production system to achieve sustainable productivity based on the comparative advantages and potential of the territory of the department of Caquetá, located in the natural region of the Colombian, the aim of the study was to analyze the socioeconomic factors that may influence the use of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in live-stock feed. For this purpose, the study was carried out with a descriptive-transversal methodology with a non-experimental design and quantitative approach, where the survey was applied to 44 swine production units through a non-probabilistic method. The data were systematized using R software; a principal component analysis was performed and the degrees of relationship of socio-economic factors with the use of NTFPs in animal feed. It was concluded that despite being in a biodiverse territory, social factors related to the level of knowledge about NTFPs and economic factors linked to sources of financing are directly proportional to the degree of NTFP use in swine production in the department of Caquetá. Although NTFPs are found in most production systems in the region, they are not used for animal feed.
Fast measurement of the gradient system transfer function at 7 T

In this work, a new method to determine the gradient system transfer function (GSTF) with high frequency resolution and high SNR is presented, using fast and simple phantom measurements. The GSTF is an effective instrument for hardware characterization and calibration, which can be used to correct for gradient distortions, or enhance gradient fidelity.