Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prunus spinosa Extract Sensitized HCT116 Spheroids to 5-Fluorouracil Toxicity, Inhibiting Autophagy

Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation and recycling process involved in tumor progression and drug resistance. The aim of this work was to inhibit autophagy and increase apoptosis in a 3D model of human colorectal cancer by combined treatment with our patented natural product Prunus spinosa + nutraceutical activator complex (PsT + NAC®) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). By means of cytotoxic evaluation (MTT assay), cytofluorimetric analysis, light and fluorescence microscopy investigation and Western blotting evaluation of the molecular pathway PI3/AKT/mTOR, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, Beclin1, p62 and LC3, we demonstrated that the combination PsT + NAC® and 5-FU significantly reduces autophagy by increasing the apoptotic phenomenon. These results demonstrate the importance of using non-toxic natural compounds to improve the therapeutic efficacy and reduce the side effects induced by conventional drugs in human colon cancer.
Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 Prevent Deleterious Effects of Rotenone on Object Novelty Recognition Memory and Kynu Expression in an Animal Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by a range of motor signs, but cognitive dysfunction is also observed. Supplementation with folic acid and vitamin B12 is expected to prevent cognitive impairment. To test this in PD, we promoted a lesion within the substantia nigra pars compacta of rats using the neurotoxin rotenone. In the sequence, the animals were supplemented with folic acid and vitamin B12 for 14 consecutive days and subjected to the object recognition test. We observed an impairment in object recognition memory after rotenone administration, which was prevented by supplementation (p < 0.01). Supplementation may adjust gene expression through efficient DNA methylation. To verify this, we measured the expression and methylation of the kynureninase gene (Kynu), whose product metabolizes neurotoxic metabolites often accumulated in PD as kynurenine. Supplementation prevented the decrease in Kynu expression induced by rotenone in the substantia nigra (p < 0.05), corroborating the behavioral data. No differences were observed concerning the methylation analysis of two CpG sites in the Kynu promoter. Instead, we suggest that folic acid and vitamin B12 increased global DNA methylation, reduced the expression of Kynu inhibitors, maintained Kynu-dependent pathway homeostasis, and prevented the memory impairment induced by rotenone. Our study raises the possibility of adjuvant therapy for PD with folic acid and vitamin B12.
Immersion Therapy with Head-Mounted Display for Rehabilitation of the Upper Limb after Stroke—Review

Immersive virtual therapy technology is a new method that uses head-mounted displays for rehabilitation purposes. It offers a realistic experience that puts the user in a virtual reality. This new type of therapy is used in the rehabilitation of stroke patients. Many patients after this disease have complications related to the upper extremities that limit independence in their everyday life, which affects the functioning of society. Conventional neurological rehabilitation can be supplemented by the use of immersive virtual therapy. The system allows patients with upper limb dysfunction to perform a motor and task-oriented training in virtual reality that is individually tailored to their performance. The complete immersion therapy itself is researched and evaluated by medical teams to determine the suitability for rehabilitation of the upper limb after a stroke. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the latest research (2019–2022) on immersive virtual reality with head-mounted displays using in rehabilitation of the upper extremities of stroke patients.
High-resolution fiber-coupled spectrograph of the Hobby-Eberly Telescope

A high-resolution spectrograph (HRS) is taking shape for the Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET). HRS will be mounted on a Newport bench in an insulated chamber in the 'basement' of the HET building, internal to the pier, and will be linked to the corrected prime focus of the HET through its Fiber Instrument Feed. Spectra will be recorded on a 4096 X 4096 Orbit CCD mosaic at resolving powers of 30,000 to 120,000, using a mosaic of two R-4 echelle gratings replicated on a single blank at Spectronic Instruments and a selection of two cross- dispersing gratings. This paper will describe the design and report on the current construction status, and will describe innovative aspects, in particular a new all-refractive camera designed by Epps. The HRS design incorporates Barranne's white-pupil concept as adapted for ESO's VLT by Delabre and Dekker. Predicted performance from ray-trace analysis will be demonstrated. With the 316-gr/mm cross-dispenser the full 420 - 1,100 nm spectral range can be recorded in two exposures at any resolving power up to 120,000. Greater order separation can be had with the 600-gr/mm grating, requiring four exposures if the full range is needed. Designed for remote, queue-scheduled operation, HRS will be capable of rapid response to discoveries of transient phenomena. It will be directed toward discoveries of extra-solar planetary systems and studies of long-period variable stars and absorption line systems in QSOs as well as stellar nucleosynthesis and chemical compositions.
Modons in shear flow

Abstract Modons in shear flow are computed as equilibrium solutions of the equivalent barotropic vorticity equation using a numerical Newton–Kantorovich iterative technique with double Fourier spectral expansion. The model is given a first guess of an exact prototype modon with a small shear flow imposed, then iterated to an equilibrium solution. Continuation (small-step extrapolation of the shear amplitude) is used to produce examples of modons embedded in moderate amplitude background shear flows. It is found that in the presence of symmetric shear, the modon is strengthened relative to the prototype. The best-fit phase speed for this case is significantly greater than the Doppler-shifted speed. Nonsymmetric shear strengthens the poles selectively: positive shear strengthens the low while weakening the high. The diagnosed functional relationship between the streamfunction in the traveling reference frame and the vorticity appears linear for all types of shear studied. The modons in symmetric shear are s.
Zoom Out: Abstractions for Efficient Radar Algorithms on COTS architectures

The advent of machine learning has resulted in the rapid development of machine learning accelerators that are capable of computing tensor operations efficiently. Specifically, these accelerators compute matrix-matrix multiplication, a key routine in linear algebra libraries and machine learning. While using the accelerators would result in high performance radar signal processing, the algorithms used often require significant redesign in order to efficiently map them on to existing machine-learning hardware. In this paper, we show that higher levels of abstraction facilitate the efficient mapping of array algorithms onto commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) machine learning hardware that results in higher performance in terms of execution time and/or throughput. Furthermore, similar levels of abstraction can be used to design efficient implementations of ML algorithms for radar processing, resulting in improved radar capabilities.
Fast bistable nematic display using monostable surface switching

We present a novel surface-controlled bistable nematic liquid crystal display. This black and white device uses simple monostable planar anchorings and a dielectrically positive nematic. The two bistable textures are, respectively, quasiuniform U and almost half-turn twisted T. Short electric pulses break the surface anchorings. Hydrodynamically coupled breaking of both anchorings creates T. U is obtained by breaking only one anchoring. Write and erase times for high resolution video are achieved at voltages compatible with the usual drivers.
Dual-Polarized Ultra-Wideband 3-D Vivaldi Antenna Array at 2-40 GHz

In this paper, we propose a 3D tapered aperture design, a.k. a the 3D Vivaldi, that yields dual-polarization with high cross-polarization isolation over a 20:1 bandwidth. We also discuss utilizing the 3D Vivaldi in an ultra-wideband array covering 2–40 GHz. To avoid grating lobes in the array, we explore the use of particle swarm optimization, a bio-inspired optimization technique, to create aperiodic spacings between the 3D Vivaldi elements in order to help suppress grating lobes up to 10 dB from 2–40 GHz.
On the confinement of lunar induced magnetic fields

We examine the confinement of induced magnetic fields on the lunar dayside and nightside, when the Moon is in the solar wind. We use a three‐dimensional hybrid model of plasma and place a dipole magnetic field at the center of the Moon to mimic the induced magnetic field, which is the response of the lunar interior to the time‐varying interplanetary magnetic field. Consistent with previous observations and theoretical predictions, we show that the induced magnetic fields on the dayside are confined within the lunar surface through a dayside current sheet. In contrast to previous work, we show that the induced magnetic fields are not confined in the lunar wake, and they leak out, sometimes even appearing as lunar limb compressions. Finally, we identify favorable places to observe induced magnetic fields by electromagnetic sounding techniques, which will help to better constrain the lunar electrical conductivity profile, and interior structure.
High-resolution channel parameter estimation for MIMO applications using the SAGE algorithm

This contribution presents an extension of the SAGE (space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization) algorithm originally published in Fleury et al. (1999) that allows for joint estimation of the complex weight, the relative delay, the direction (i.e. azimuths and co-elevations) of departure and of incidence, as well as the Doppler frequency of waves propagating from the transmitter to the receiver in mobile radio environments. The scheme is particularly well suited for MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) channel investigations. Its performance, in terms of convergence rate and asymptotic behaviour of the root-mean-square estimation errors, is assessed by means of Monte-Carlo simulations in synthetic time-invariant channels. The results demonstrate rapid convergence (six SAGE iteration cycles) of the root-mean-square estimation errors towards values close to the root of the corresponding Cramer-Rao lower bounds for the "one-wave" scenario, even when the waves only slightly differ either in delay, in direction of departure, or in direction of incidence. The SAGE algorithm is also applied to measurement data to assess the propagation constellation in a non-line-of-sight and an obstructed line-of-sight situation. Most of the estimated waves can be easily related to the propagation environments. Finally, the computational expense of the scheme is shortly discussed.
Genetic characterization of remaining populations of paratecoma peroba, an endangered and endemic species of the atlantic forest

Background: The objective of this study was the genetic characterization of remaining populations of the species Paratecoma peroba occurring in fragments of the Atlantic Forest, by estimating parameters of diversity and genetic structure. The study was carried out in two forest fragments, the Atlantic Forest Environmental Education Pole (area 1) and the Pacotuba National Forest (area 2), where 93 adult trees were identified. Results: Ten Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) primers were used in genotyping, obtaining 112 amplified bands with 87.5% polymorphism. The genetic diversity estimated for the populations from the Nei (H*) and Shannon (I*) indices was higher for area 1. For the joint data, moderate genetic diversity was observed, referring to the average values of 0.26 and 0.40, obtained for the H* and I* indices, respectively. Molecular variance analysis resulted in moderate differentiation between populations ( Φ ST = 0.143), while gene flow analysis (N m = 6.69) revealed the occurrence of similar alleles between them. However, the predominance of a single genetic group in area 2, revealed from Bayesian approach, indicates that its genetic structure, possibly generated by the current scenario of fragmentation of the Atlantic Forest and the distancing of populations, affecting the contemporary gene flow. Conclusion: Despite the moderate genetic diversity of the species for the area 2 population, actions toward inclusion of seedlings obtained from seeds from neighboring fragments, including area 1, and the increase in the connectivity of forest fragments through ecological corridors, could assist in augmenting its genetic variation.
Human activity recognition based on integration of multilayer information of convolutional neural network architecture

Human activity recognition (HAR) has gained researcher's interest due to its increasing demand in automated monitoring applications. Development of efficient HAR algorithm is still an open research area due to the challenges like inter and intra‐class variations, diversity in lighting conditions, view point changes, and complex object motions. Convolutional neural network (CNN) based methods have achieved significant improvement in HAR. However, CNN implementations have drawback that it require a lot of computational resources due to the use of large number of learnable parameters. To overcome this drawback, we propose a simple and computationally efficient deep CNN architecture using multi‐layer information fusion for HAR. In this study, we explore the impact of information fusion at intermediate layers of the network, as each convolutional layer of the network hierarchically extracts information at different level of abstraction of the objects from the video frames. In this work, first we designed a simple and computationally efficient deep CNN architecture and then we introduce a feature fusion strategy to integrate the complementary information of intermediate layers to the layer of the proposed CNN architecture. The proposed architecture is fine‐tuned and trained from scratch with raw RGB data. Softmax classifier is used at the last layer of network for activity classification. Benefits of the proposed architecture over standard deep learning architectures is it's high computational efficiency and reduced requirement of computational resources. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed method, we performed several extensive experiments on publically available datasets. The experimental results of the proposed method have demonstrated its superiority over other existing state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Design of Photonic Crystal Directional Coupler with High Extinction Ratio and Small Coupling Length

As one of the key component of photonic crystal optical circuit devices, the directional coupler is investigated. We explain the reason the directional coupler consisting of an ordinary symmetric parallel waveguide cannot have a high extinction ratio and a small coupling length simultaneously. To realize both characteristics simultaneously, we propose a novel directional coupler structure. By numerical calculation, we show the possibility of a directional coupler with a high extinction ratio (-24 dB) and a small coupling length (18a).
On the role of helium metastable (23S1) measured by time resolved tunable diode laser spectroscopy in high current magnetron discharge

Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy is applied to measure the density and gas temperature of helium metastable (23S1) in the ionization region of magnetron discharge operated at very high current density ( 10\,{\text{A}}\,{\text{c}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 2}}$? > >10Acm−2 ), which is achievable in helium at 10 Pa with molybdenum target. Those measurements were combined to electrical characterization of the current and the voltage at the magnetron cathode. The discharge current waveform is anti-correlated with the time-evolution of helium metastable ( Hem ) density showing that the main depletion process of Hem is its ionization. Counterintuitively, the higher the gas temperature the lower the discharge peak current. Gas rarefaction and gas recycling are discussed as major contributors for this phenomenon in very high current glow discharge.
On singular mono‐energetic transport equations in slab geometry

In this paper we establish the well posedness of the Cauchy problem associated to transport equations with singular cross‐sections (i.e. unbounded collisions frequencies and unbounded collision operators) in L1 spaces for specular reflecting boundary conditions. In addition, we discuss the weak compactness of the second‐order remainder term of the Dyson–Phillips expansion. This allows us to estimate the essential type of the transport semigroup from which the asymptotic behaviour of the solution is derived. The case of singular transport equations with periodic boundary conditions is also discussed. The proofs make use of the Miyadera perturbation theory of positive semigroups on AL‐spaces. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Can an LED-laser hybrid light help to decrease hydrogen peroxide concentration while maintaining effectiveness in teeth bleaching?

The aim of this study was to compare the bleaching efficacy of 35% hydrogen peroxide and 15% hydrogen peroxide with nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide catalysed by an LED-laser hybrid light. We studied 70 patients randomized to two groups. Tooth shade and pulpal sensitivity were registered. Group 1: 15% hydrogen peroxide with nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide. Group 2: 35% hydrogen peroxide. Both groups were activated by an LED-laser light. No significant differences were seen in shade change immediately, one week or one month after treatment (p > 0.05). Differences were seen in pulpal sensitivity (p < 0.05). The use of an LED-laser hybrid light to activate 15% hydrogen peroxide gel with N_TiO2 permits decreasing the peroxide concentration with similar aesthetic results and less pulpal sensitivity than using 35% hydrogen peroxide for bleaching teeth.
Single-shot dual-wavelength lensless digital holography using a dichroic mirror

A single-shot dual-wavelength lensless digital holography based on a dichroic mirror is presented to achieve quantitative phase imaging. The lensless digital holography is designed by a wavefront division transmission configuration with only a plane mirror and a beam splitter. By merely adding a dichroic mirror between plane mirror and beam splitter in lensless transmission digital holography, the propagation direction of two reference waves for different wavelengths can be adjusted separately by dichroic mirror and plane mirror. Therefore, a multiplexed hologram with different fringe directions for two wavelengths can be simultaneously obtained. Our technique is capable of real-time wavelength-multiplexing with minimum optical element and system modification.
A descent modified Polak–Ribière–Polyak conjugate gradient method and its global convergence

In this paper, we propose a modified Polak-Ribiere-Polyak (PRP) conjugate gradient method. An attractive property of the proposed method is that the direction generated by the method is always a descent direction for the objective 'function. This property is independent of the line search used. Moreover, if exact line search is used, the method reduces to the ordinary PRP method. Under appropriate conditions, we show that the modified PRP method with Armijo-type line search is globally convergent. We also present extensive preliminary numerical experiments to show the efficiency of the proposed method.
A new testing method of SNR for cooled CCD imaging camera based on stationary wavelet transform

Cooled CCD (charge coupled device) imaging camera has found wide application in the field of astronomy, color photometry, spectroscopy, medical imaging, densitometry, chemiluminescence and epifluorescence imaging. A Cooled CCD (CCCD) imaging camera differs from traditional CCD/CMOS imaging camera in that Cooled CCD imaging camera can get high resolution image even in the low illumination environment. SNR (signal noise ratio) is most popular parameter of digital image quality evaluation. Many researchers have proposed various SNR testing methods for traditional CCD imaging camera, however, which is seldom suitable to Cooled CCD imaging camera because of different main noise source. In this paper, a new testing method of SNR is proposed to evaluate the quality of image captured by Cooled CCD. Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) is introduced in the testing method for getting more exact image SNR value. The method proposed take full advantage of SWT in the image processing, which makes the experiment results accuracy and reliable. To further refining SNR testing results, the relation between SNR and integration time is also analyzed in this article. The experimental results indicate that the testing method proposed accords with the SNR model of CCCD. In addition, the testing values for one system are about one value, which show that the proposed testing method is robust.
Data-Driven Analysis of Loan Approval Service of a Bank using Process Mining

This research presents the application of Process Mining in analyzing the loan approval service process of a branch of a bank in Thailand using the Fuzzy Miner and Social Network Miner algorithms through a data-driven discovery of process bottlenecks to improve the efficiency of the banking service. Three steps are required to proceed: 1. Specifying the type of the event log dataset. 2. Importing data into the process mining tool Fluxicon Disco, which runs based on the Fuzzy Miner algorithm. 3. Importing data into the Rapid Miner platform: Three results were modeled to be obtained as follows: 1. Statistical analysis of the results, 2. Fuzzy models/graphs (in terms of Frequency and Time Performance metrics), and 3. Social Network graphs/models (regarding Handover of Work metric). According to the model, the analysis process was repeatable for 93.4% of the analysis process and used three workers for 60.80% of the system while taking an average of 11 hours. Based on the real-event log, we suggested that the bank admins evaluate their control over the distribution of the staff workload to consider hiring more individuals for the position of load approval analysis. In general, the approach proposed in the paper develops a method for applying for loan approval quickly in a timelier manner.
Getting ahead of the game: in-hospital initiation of HFrEF therapies

Abstract Hospitalizations for heart failure (HF) have become a global problem worldwide. Each episode of HF decompensation may lead to deleterious short- and long- term consequences, but on the other hand is an unique opportunity to adjust the heart failure pharmacotherapy. Thus, in-hospital and an early post-discharge period comprise an optimal timing for initiation and optimization of the comprehensive management of HF. This timeframe affords clinicians an opportunity to up titrate and adjust guideline-directed medical therapies (GDMT) to potentially mitigate poor outcomes associated post-discharge and longer-term. This review will cover this timely concept, present the data of utilization of GDMT in HF populations, discuss recent evidence for in-hospital initiation and up-titration of GDMT with a need for post-discharge follow-up and implementation this into clinical practice in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction.