Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Capturing Paradigmatic and Syntagmatic Lexical Relations: Towards Accurate Chinese Part-of-Speech Tagging

From the perspective of structural linguistics, we explore paradigmatic and syntagmatic lexical relations for Chinese POS tagging, an important and challenging task for Chinese language processing. Paradigmatic lexical relations are explicitly captured by word clustering on large-scale unlabeled data and are used to design new features to enhance a discriminative tagger. Syntagmatic lexical relations are implicitly captured by constituent parsing and are utilized via system combination. Experiments on the Penn Chinese Treebank demonstrate the importance of both paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations. Our linguistically motivated approaches yield a relative error reduction of 18% in total over a state-of-the-art baseline.
Chairman's summary of the conference. Continuing education in the health professions: improving healthcare through lifelong learning.

Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation • 44 East 64th Street, New York, NY 10065 • 212 486-2424 1 ontinuing education (CE) of health professionals is essential to the health of all Americans. With accelerating advances in health information and technology, physicians, nurses and other health professionals must maintain and improve their knowledge and skills throughout their careers in order to provide safe, effective and high quality health care for their patients.
A Modified GSO Based on Limited Storage Quasi-Newton Method

Group search optimizer is a new populationbased swarm intelligent algorithm inspired by the animal searching behavior. However, the exploitation capability is not very well. In this paper, the Limited Storage Quasi-Newton Method is incorporated into group search optimizer (GSO) to increase the local search capability. To test the performance, we apply it to solve non-linear equations.Simulation results show it is effective.
An Assessment of the Cultivated Cropland Class of NLCD 2006 Using a Multi-Source and Multi-Criteria Approach

We developed a method that analyzes the quality of the cultivated cropland class mapped in the USA National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2006. The method integrates multiple geospatial datasets and a Multi Index Integrated Change Analysis (MIICA) change detection method that captures spectral changes to identify the spatial distribution and magnitude of potential commission and omission errors for the cultivated cropland class in NLCD 2006. The majority of the commission and omission errors in NLCD 2006 are in areas where cultivated cropland is not the most dominant land cover type. The errors are primarily attributed to the less accurate training dataset derived from the National Agricultural Statistics Service Cropland Data Layer dataset. In contrast, error rates are low in areas where cultivated cropland is the dominant land cover. Agreement between model-identified commission errors and independently interpreted reference data was high (79%). Agreement was low (40%) for omission error comparison. The majority of the commission errors in the NLCD 2006 cultivated crops were confused with low-intensity developed classes, while the majority of omission errors were from herbaceous and shrub classes. Some errors were caused by inaccurate land cover change from misclassification in NLCD 2001 and the subsequent land cover post-classification process.
A Novel Methodology for Temperature-Aware Placement and Routing of FPGAs

Shrinking silicon technologies, increasing logic densities and clock frequencies on FPGA lead to rapid elevation in power density, which are translated to higher on-chip temperature. Recently, the FPGA industry (e.g. Xilinx, Altera) recognized the dominance of the heat problem as one of its key design issues, which should be tackled immediately. In this paper, considering a novel temperature-aware placement and routing algorithm, a systematic methodology to achieve a more "balanced" temperature distribution in the whole FPGA device, is introduced. Since the temperature is straightforward-related with the FPGA hardware resources switching activity, the main goal of the proposed methodology is to manipulate appropriately the switching activity appeared on different regions of the FPGA. Using the temperature-aware algorithm, we redistribute the switching activity over the FPGA resources, resulting into a rather "balanced" profile. Comparing with a conventionally-placed and routed FPGA (e.g. VPR), we proved that up to 33% temperature reduction in hotspots can be achieved with negligible side effects in circuit delay, energy/power consumption and silicon area. The proposed methodology is fully-supported by the software tool called EX- VPR
Thin primary cutaneous malignant melanoma: a prognostic tree for 10-year metastasis is more accurate than American Joint Committee on Cancer staging.

PURPOSE The majority of invasive primary melanomas are thin (< or = 1.00 mm). Since the current staging system imperfectly predicts outcome in patients with such lesions, we sought to develop a more effective classification scheme to better identify both patients at high risk of metastasis who are candidates for further staging and therapy and those with little risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS This prospective cohort study included 884 patients who had thin invasive melanomas. A tree-structured analysis of 10-year metastasis was used to develop a new classification scheme. RESULTS The overall 10-year metastasis rate was 6.5% (95% CI, 4.8% to 8.1%). The prognostic tree defined four risk groups: high-risk: men with vertical growth phase (VGP) lesions that had mitotic rates (MRs) greater than 0, and for whom the 10-year metastasis rate was 31% (22% to 42%; n = 90); moderate-risk: women with VGP lesions that had MRs greater than 0 and for whom the rate was 13% (9% to 18%; n = 136); low-risk: patients with VGP lesions that had MR of 0 for whom the rate was 4% (2% to 7%; n = 247); and minimal-risk: patients with invasive lesions without VGP for whom the rate was 0.5% (0% to 1.2%; n = 411). Survival curves differed significantly among the four groups (P <.001). CONCLUSION Growth phase, mitotic rate, and sex are important prognostic factors for patients with thin melanomas, and they identify subgroups at substantial risk for metastasis. After validation in other populations, the proposed prognostic tree will be useful in the design of clinical trials and clinical management.
Comportement rhéologique des suspensions de nanotubes de carbone mono feuilletés fonctionnalisés

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Comportement rhéologique des suspensions de nanotubes de carbone mono feuillets fonctionnalisés Camilo Cruz, Anson Ma, Francisco Chinesta, Malcolm Mackley, Gilles Régnier
Atypical major depressive episode as initial presentation of intracranial germinoma in a male adolescent

A 17-year-old adolescent boy presented with atypical major depressive episode (MDE) without specific focal neurological signs for 6 months. He had a diagnosis of intra-cranial germinoma, and the atypical MDE symptoms subsided after the operation. However, he had a relapse of atypical MDE 7 months after the first surgery. His mood and binge eating symptoms subsided, but intractable body weight gain only partially improved after treatment. When encountering manifestations of depression with atypical features, especially with binge eating symptoms in male children and adolescents, with early onset age, no family history, and prolonged depressive episodes, clinicians should consider not only mood disorders including bipolar spectrum disorders but also organic brain lesions such as intracranial germinoma.
Terahertz metamaterial devices

Compared to the neighboring infrared and microwave regions, the terahertz regime is still in need of fundamental technological advances. This derives, in part, from a paucity of naturally occurring materials with useful electronic or photonic properties at terahertz frequencies. This results in formidable challenges for creating the components needed for generating, detecting, and manipulating THz waves. Considering the promising applications of THz radiation, it is important overcome such material limitations by searching for new materials, or by constructing artificial materials with a desired electromagnetic response. Metamaterials are a new type of artificial composite with electromagnetic properties that derive from their sub-wavelength structure. The potential of metamaterials for THz radiation originates from a resonant electromagnetic response which can be tailored for specific applications. Metamaterials thus offer a route towards helping to fill the so-called “THz gap”. In this work we discuss novel planar THz metamaterials. Importantly, the dependence of the resonant response on the supporting substrate enables the creation of active THz metamaterials. We show that the resonant response can be efficiently controlled using optical or electrical approaches. This has resulted in the creation of efficient THz switches and modulators of potential importance for advancing numerous real world THz applications.
A logic-based knowledge representation for authorization with delegation

We introduce Delegation Logic (DL), a logic-based knowledge representation (i.e., language) that deals with authorization in large-scale, open distributed systems. Of central importance in any system for deciding whether requests should be authorized in such a system are delegation of authority, negation of authority, and conflicts between authorities. DL's approach to these issues and to the interplay among them borrows from previous work on delegation and trust management in the computer security literature and previous work on negation and conflict handling in the logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning literature, but it departs from previous work in some crucial ways. We present the syntax and semantics of DL and explain our novel design choices. We focus on delegation, including explicit treatment of delegation depth and delegation to complex principles. Compared to previous logic-based approaches to authorization, DL provides a novel combination of features: it is based on logic programs, expresses delegation depth explicitly, and supports a wide variety of complex principles (including but not limited to k-out-of-n thresholds). Compared to previous approaches to trust management, DL provides another novel feature: a concept of proof-of-compliance that is not entirely ad-hoc and that is based on model theoretic semantics (just as usual logic programs have a model-theoretic semantics).
Genomic characterization of a three-dimensional skin model following exposure to ionizing radiation

This study aimed at characterizing the genomic response to low versus moderate doses of ionizing radiation (LDIR versus MDIR) in a three-dimensional (3D) skin model, which exhibits a closer tissue complexity to human skin than monolayer cell cultures. EpiDermFT skin plugs were exposed to 0, 0.1 and 1 Gy doses of X-rays and harvested at 5 min, 3, 8 and 24 h post-irradiation (post-IR). RNA was interrogated for global gene expression alteration. Our results show that MDIR modulated a larger number of genes over the course of 24 h compared to LDIR. However, immediately and throughout the first 3h post-IR, LDIR modulated a larger number of genes than MDIR, mostly associated with cell–cell signaling and survival promotion. Significant modulation of pathways was detected only at 3 h post-IR in MDIR with induction of genes promoting apoptosis. Collectively, the data show different dynamics in the response to LDIR versus MDIR, especially in cell-cycle distribution. LDIR-exposed tissues showed signs of attempted cell-cycle re-entry as early as 3 h post-IR, but were arrested beyond 8 h at the G1/S checkpoint. At 24 h, cells appeared to accumulate at the G2/M checkpoint. MDIR-exposed tissues did not exhibit a prolonged G1/S arrest but rather a prolonged G2/M arrest, which was sustained at least up to 24 h. By 24 h cells exhibited signs of recovery in both LDIR- and MDIR-exposed tissues. In summary, the most pronounced difference in the initial cellular response to LDIR versus MDIR is the promotion of protection and survival in LDIR versus the promotion of apoptosis in MDIR.
Structure and sequence elements of the CR4/5 domain of medaka telomerase RNA important for telomerase function

Telomerase is a unique reverse transcriptase that maintains the 3′ ends of eukaryotic chromosomes by adding tandem telomeric repeats. The RNA subunit (TR) of vertebrate telomerase provides a template for reverse transcription, contained within the conserved template/pseudoknot domain, and a conserved regions 4 and 5 (CR4/5) domain, all essential for catalytic activity. We report the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) solution structure of the full-length CR4/5 domain from the teleost fish medaka (Oryzias latipes). Three helices emanate from a structured internal loop, forming a Y-shaped structure, where helix P6 stacks on P5 and helix P6.1 points away from P6. The relative orientations of the three helices are Mg2+ dependent and dynamic. Although the three-way junction is structured and has unexpected base pairs, telomerase activity assays with nucleotide substitutions and deletions in CR4/5 indicate that none of these are essential for activity. The results suggest that the junction is likely to change conformation in complex with telomerase reverse transcriptase and that it provides a flexible scaffold that allows P6 and P6.1 to correctly fold and interact with telomerase reverse transcriptase.
LDPC Convolutional Codes Based on Permutation Polynomials over Integer Rings

A novel algebraic construction technique for LDPC convolutional codes (LDPCCCs) based on permutation polynomials over integer rings is presented. The underlying elements of this construction technique are graph automorphisms and quasi-cyclic (QC) codes. The algebraic structure of the obtained LDPCCCs, their encoding and decoding are discussed. These new codes have a special structure, which is favorable for high-rate VLSI implementations. Their performances in the asymptotic case are superior to that of the QC codes from which they are derived at a much lower complexity. 1
Tissue Is More Important than Time in Stroke Patients Being Assessed for Thrombolysis

Aim The relative prognostic importance of modern imaging profiles compared with standard clinical characteristics is uncertain in acute stroke patients. In this study, we aimed to compare baseline multimodal CT imaging measures with known clinical predictors of patient outcome at 3 months [modified Rankin scale (mRS)]. Methods We collected baseline, 24 h, and day 90 clinical and imaging data from acute ischemic stroke patients being assessed for thrombolytic therapy between 2010 and 2015 at a single center as part of a retrospective analysis. Results 561 patients presenting within 4.5 h of ischemic stroke onset who were eligible for thrombolysis based on standard clinical criteria were assessed. Acute infarct core volume on CTP was the strongest univariate predictor of patient outcome (mRS 0–2, R2 0.497, p < 0.001), followed by collateral grade (mRS 0–2, R2 0.281, p < 0.001). The strongest baseline clinical predictor of outcome was National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (mRS 0–2, R2 = 0.203, p < 0.001). Time to treatment (mRS 0–2, R2 0.096, p = 0.01) and age (mRS 0–2, R2 0.027, p = 0.013) were relatively weak univariate baseline clinical predictors of 3-month outcome. In multivariate analysis, acute infarct core volume and collateral grade were the only significant baseline predictors of 3-month disability (both p < 0.001). Conclusion In patients assessed for thrombolysis by combined clinical and multimodal CT criteria within 4.5 h of onset, the size of the CTP infarct core and collateral grade on multimodal CT were highly predictive of patient outcome. Standard clinical variables, including time to treatment and NIHSS, were not as strongly predictive as multimodal CT variables.
Impact of Phase of Respiration on Central Venous Catheter Tip Position

Purpose To determine the impact of the phase of respiration on CVC tip position using cross-sectional imaging. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the CT scans of 24 consecutive patients (eight men and 16 women, mean age 56.3 years, range 18-79) who underwent a CT scan protocol that includes both imaging of the thorax in inspiration and expiration. Only patients with a central venous catheter and absence of any substantial pulmonary pathology that might affect lung volumes were included. Measurements of the catheter tip location and central venous structures were obtained from inspiratory and expiratory phase images in each patient and compared using the paired t test. Results The length of the SVC and superior mediastinum were significantly longer during inspiration compared to expiration (9 mm and 7 mm respectively, P<0.001 for both). The distance between the superior and inferior cavo-atrial junction did not change significantly with respiration. The catheter tip location moved on average 9 mm (range 0-25 mm) cephalad during inspiration compared to expiration (P=0.001) in relation to the superior cavoatrial junction. The amount of catheter tip movement correlated significantly with the degree of diaphragmatic excursion with respiration (R=0.58). During inspiration, the cavo-atrial junction was on average 11 mm inferior to the right cardiomediastinal angle observed on radiography, but was nearly identical during expiration (R=0.78, P<0.001). Conclusions The central catheter tip position varied significantly with respiratory motion, with a mean excursion of 9 mm. The right cardiomediastinal border demonstrated a strong correlation with the actual location of the superior cavo-atrial junction in expiration, but not in inspiration.
Two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis map of bull seminal plasma proteins

A two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis map of bull seminal plasma proteins has been established. About 250 spots were detected after silver staining and polypeptides from 24 spots have been N‐terminally sequenced. Major proteins already described in bull seminal plasma, like PDC‐109 and aSFP, have been located on the map; proteins not yet reported in male reproductive tracts have been evidenced; for some polypeptides showing a previously unknown N‐terminal sequence, structural similarities with proteins described in other organisms have been found. A reference map of seminal plasma proteins could be useful in relating protein pattern changes to physiopathological events influencing the reproductive sphere.
Modulation of Antioxidant Enzyme Expression and Function by Estrogen

&NA; Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and can be effectively influenced by radical scavenging enzyme activity and expression. The vasoprotective effects of estrogens may be related to antioxidative properties. Therefore, effects of 17&bgr;‐estradiol on production of reactive oxygen species and radical scavenging enzymes were investigated. 17&bgr;‐estradiol diminished angiotensin II‐induced free radical production in vascular smooth muscle cells (DCF fluorescence laser microscopy). 17&bgr;‐estradiol time‐ and concentration‐dependently upregulated manganese (MnSOD) and extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) expression (Northern and Western blotting) and enzyme activity (photometric assay). Nuclear run‐on assays demonstrated that 17&bgr;‐estradiol increases MnSOD and ecSOD transcription rate. Half‐life of MnSOD mRNA was not influenced, whereas ecSOD mRNA was stabilized by estrogen. Copper‐zinc SOD, glutathione‐peroxidase, and catalase were not affected by estrogen. Estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized mice induced a downregulation of ecSOD and MnSOD expression, which was associated with increased production of vascular free radicals and prevented by estrogen replacement or treatment with PEG‐SOD. In humans, increased estrogen levels led to enhanced ecSOD and MnSOD expression in circulating monocytes. Estrogen acts antioxidative at least to some extent via stimulation of MnSOD and ecSOD expression and activity, which may contribute to its vasoprotective effects. (Circ Res. 2003;93:170‐177.)
Spotty calcification and plaque vulnerability in vivo: frequency-domain optical coherence tomography analysis.

BACKGROUND Spotty calcification is a morphological characteristic of a vulnerable plaque phenotype. While this calcium pattern is considered an active process, promoted by inflammation, it is unknown whether spotty calcification associates with development of microstructures observed in vulnerable plaques. As frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) enables visualization of microstructures associated with plaque vulnerability, we investigated the association between spotty calcification and plaque microstructures by using FD-OCT. METHODS A total of 300 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), having clinical indication for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), were analyzed. Totally 280 non-culprit lipid plaques within the target vessel requiring PCI were evaluated by FD-OCT. Spotty calcification was defined as a presence of lesion <4 mm in length, containing an arc of calcification <90° on FD-OCT. Plaque microstructures were compared in non-culprit lipid-rich plaques with and without spotty calcification. RESULTS Spotty calcification was observed in 39.6% of non-culprit lipid-rich plaques, with 30.6% of these plaques demonstrating multiple spotty calcifications. Plaques containing spotty calcification exhibited a greater lipid index (= averaged lipid arc × lipid length); 1,511.8±1,522.3 vs. 815.2±1,040.3 mm°, P<0.0001), thinner fibrous caps (89.0±31.6 vs. 136.5±32.5 µm, P=0.002) and a higher prevalence of microchannels (45.9% vs. 17.7%, P=0.007). A significant association was observed between the number of spotty calcifications per plaque and fibrous cap thickness (r=-0.40, P=0.006). Increased number of spotty calcification was also associated with a higher prevalence of microchannel within plaques (P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS In patients with stable CAD requiring PCI, the presence of spotty calcification imaged by FD-OCT was associated with features of greater plaque vulnerability.