Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A log-based write-back mechanism for cooperative caching

Emerging high speed, scalable networks allow machines to access remote memory faster than accessing local disks. Cooperative caching exploits this phenomenon and uses the I/O caches of remote workstations as an extra level of memory hierarchy. Most research has focused on improving the read performance of cooperative caching, but writes to disk are becoming a performance bottleneck. We propose a write-back mechanism that uses replication and logging to improve reliability as well as performance of a distributed system, based on a cache architecture called "Distributed, Efficient and Reliable (DEFER) Cooperative Cache". We present three strategies based on this architecture, and evaluate their performance using simulations. The simulations indicate a maximum speedup of 11.5x over the write-through baseline. The vast performance gains are a result of avoiding disk writes through the write-back policy.
Bone mechanics handbook

Basic Biology Integrated Bone Tissue Physiology: Anatomy and Physiology (Jee) Cell Biology of Bone (Majeska) Molecular Biology Techniques to Measure Skeletal Gene Expression (Young and Dieudonne) Creating Transgenic Mice to Study Skeletal Function (Young and Xu) Bone Mineralization (Boskey) Techniques from Mechanics and Imaging Mechanics of Materials (Cowin) Experimental Techniques for Bone Mechanics (Turner and Burr) In Vivo Measurement of Bone Deformations Using Strain Gages (Fritton and Rubin) Imaging of Bone Structure (Ruegsegger) Mechanical and Architectural Properties of Bone Mechanical Properties of Cortical Bone and Cancellous Bone Tissue (Guo) Viscoelastic Properties of Cortical Bone (Lakes) Composite Models of Bone Properties (Lucchinetti) Dense Bone Tissue as a Molecular Composite (Lucchinetti) Quantification of Cancellous Bone Architecture (Odgaard) Elastic Constants of Cancellous Bone (von Rietbergen and Huiskes) Strength of Trabecular Bone (Keaveny) Observations of Damage in Bone (Jepsen, Davy, and Akkus) Bone Damage Mechanics (Davy and Jepsen) Ontogenic Changes in Compact Bone Material Properties (Currey) Mechanical Effects of Postmortem Changes, Preservation, and Allograft Bone Treatments (Martin and Sharkey) Flow of Fluids in Bone Blood Flow in Bone (Winet) Interstitial Fluid Flow (Knothe-Tate) Bone Poroelasticity (Cowin) Streaming Potentials in Bone (Pollack) The Intrinsic Permeability of Cancellous Bone (Arramon and Nauman) Bone Adaptation Pathophysiology of Functional Adaptation of Bone in Remodeling and Repair In Vivo (Goodship and Cunningham) Devices and Techniques for in Vitro Mechanical Stimulation of Bone Cells (Brown) Experiments on Cell Mechanosensitivity (Burger) Mechanosensory Mechanisms in Bone (Cowin and Moss) The False Premise of Wolff's Law (Cowin) Bone Modeling and Remodeling: Theories and Computation (Hart) Mechanics of Bone Regeneration (Prendergast and van der Meulen) Clinically Related Issues Applications of Bone Mechanics (Villarraga and Ford) Noninvasive Measurement of Bone Integrity (Kaufman and Siffert) Bone Prostheses and Implants (Prendergast) Design and Manufacture of Bone Replacement Scaffolds (Hollister, Chu, Halloran, and Feinberg)
Spatio-Temporal Proximity as a basis for Collaborative Filtering in Mobile Environments

We propose a new approach to collaborative filtering in mo- bile tourist information systems based on spatio-temporal proximity in social contexts. Users store ratings and reviews of locations and events locally within their personal information system and then exchange these with other users present in the same social contexts using ad-hoc net- working and opportunistic information sharing. We describe some pre- liminary investigations on the use of these methods in a mobile informa- tion system for visitors to a festival.
Object-oriented simulation of computer architectures using C++

Object-oriented languages such as C++ allow class definitions which eliminate the need for writing special-purpose simulators in many cases. Simulating digital logic components and computer architectures is one case where the simulation model can be effectively and conveniently expressed in the programming language itself. A class library supporting: schematic organization, multi-level digital-signal representation, and implementations of a modest set of component primitives has been developed. This library supports two forms of hierarchical arrangements; first, the digital signals themselves can be expressed as vectors (as for a bus), either directly or by composition, and second, the digital components can be arranged hierarchically as modules, and the modules can be used in an identical manner in which the primitives are used. The library code described here is available from the author.
MODELING SPEECH REPAIRS AND INTONATIONAL PHRASING TO IMPROVE SPEECH RECOGNITION

The spontaneous speech events of speech repairs and intonational phrasing cause disruptions in the local context, and this disruption prevents traditional language models from being able to properly predict the words in the vicinity of these events. The solution is to use a language model that can account for these spontaneous speech events. In this paper, we use such a model to rescore word graphs. This gives a small but significant decrease in the word error rate of 1.2%, in addition to an improvement of 4.4% from modeling the syntactic role of the words. Furthermore, as modeling of spontaneous speech events improves, word recognition results should also improve.
Enhanced Configuration Generation Approach for Highly Available COTS Based Systems

The design of configurations for high availability management is a complex and error prone task. Automation of the process is a first step towards improving the quality of such configurations and for exploring the different potential solutions for a given set of requirements. An automated approach for configuration generation for applications deployed on top of the Service Availability Forum (SAForum) middleware has been proposed in the literature. This approach, however, may generate several configurations among which some may not meet the required level of service availability. Therefore, these configurations need to be analyzed to select one for the deployment. This is a complex process as many configurations may be generated and considered throughout the process. In this paper, we propose to enhance this configuration generation approach with a method to eliminate early in the generation process some configurations that cannot meet the service availability requirement. The method estimates the service availability for the different possible combinations of software components, which can provide the requested services, taking into account the properties of these components and the behaviour of the SAForum middleware.
The importance of preventive dental visits from a young age: systematic review and current perspectives

Background Dental caries, the most common childhood chronic disease, disproportionately affects vulnerable parts of the population and confers substantial impacts to children, families, and health systems. Because efforts directed toward oral health promotion and disease prevention are fundamentally superior to dental rehabilitation secondary to disease development, early preventive dental visits (EPDVs) are widely advocated by professional and academic stakeholders. The aim of this comprehensive review was to critically review and summarize available evidence regarding the effectiveness of EPDVs in improving children’s oral health outcomes. Materials and methods A systematic literature search of the PubMed and Embase electronic databases was undertaken to identify peer-reviewed publications investigating the effectiveness of EPDVs on oral health outcomes, including clinical, behavioral, and cost end points up to October 30, 2013. Outcomes of the identified studies were abstracted and summarized independently by two investigators. Results Four manuscripts met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. All studies were conducted in the US and employed a retrospective cohort study design using public insurance-claims data, whereas one study matched claims files with kindergarten state dental surveillance data. That study found no benefit of EPDVs in future clinically determined dental caries levels in kindergarten. The other three studies found mixed support for an association of EPDVs with subsequent more preventive and fewer nonpreventive visits and lower nonpreventive service-related expenditures. Selection bias and a problem-driven dental care-seeking pattern were frequently articulated themes in the reviewed studies. Conclusion The currently available evidence base supporting the effectiveness of EPDVs and the year 1 first dental visit recommendation is weak, and more research is warranted. The benefits of EPDVs before the age of 3 years are evident among children at high risk or with existing dental disease. However, EPDVs may be associated with reduced restorative dental care visits and related expenditures during the first years of life.
TOWARDS DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY EFFICIENT NOVEL GAME THEORETIC APPROACH IN WSN ’ S

This paper describes the concept of sensor networks which has been made viable by the convergence of micro electro-mechanical systems technology, wireless communications and digital electronics. First, the sensing tasks and the potential sensor networks applications are explored, and a review of factors influencing the design of sensor networks is provided. Wireless sensor network has been degraded due to intrusions made by various attacking nodes. In this paper a review has been made on various types of attack and intrusions occurred in wireless sensor network. Various approaches have also been described for the detection and prevention of attacks using game theory and different protocols. Key Words; Intrusion Detection, DIDS, DYDOG, DOS
A Neural Network Approach to Joint Modeling Social Networks and Mobile Trajectories

The accelerated growth of mobile trajectories in location-based services brings valuable data resources to understand users' moving behaviors. Apart from recording the trajectory data, another major characteristic of these location-based services is that they also allow the users to connect whomever they like. A combination of social networking and location-based services is called as location-based social networks (LBSN). As shown in previous works, locations that are frequently visited by socially-related persons tend to be correlated, which indicates the close association between social connections and trajectory behaviors of users in LBSNs. In order to better analyze and mine LBSN data, we present a novel neural network model which can joint model both social networks and mobile trajectories. In specific, our model consists of two components: the construction of social networks and the generation of mobile trajectories. We first adopt a network embedding method for the construction of social networks: a networking representation can be derived for a user. The key of our model lies in the component of generating mobile trajectories. We have considered four factors that influence the generation process of mobile trajectories, namely user visit preference, influence of friends, short-term sequential contexts and long-term sequential contexts. To characterize the last two contexts, we employ the RNN and GRU models to capture the sequential relatedness in mobile trajectories at different levels, i.e., short term or long term. Finally, the two components are tied by sharing the user network representations. Experimental results on two important applications demonstrate the effectiveness of our model. Especially, the improvement over baselines is more significant when either network structure or trajectory data is sparse.
Clonal Production and Organization of Inhibitory Interneurons in the Neocortex

Neocortical interneurons develop and migrate in the mouse brain to form spatially organized vertical and horizontal clusters. The neocortex contains excitatory neurons and inhibitory interneurons. Clones of neocortical excitatory neurons originating from the same progenitor cell are spatially organized and contribute to the formation of functional microcircuits. In contrast, relatively little is known about the production and organization of neocortical inhibitory interneurons. We found that neocortical inhibitory interneurons were produced as spatially organized clonal units in the developing ventral telencephalon. Furthermore, clonally related interneurons did not randomly disperse but formed spatially isolated clusters in the neocortex. Individual clonal clusters consisting of interneurons expressing the same or distinct neurochemical markers exhibited clear vertical or horizontal organization. These results suggest that the lineage relationship plays a pivotal role in the organization of inhibitory interneurons in the neocortex.
Performance comparison ensemble classifier’s performance in answering frequently asked questions about psychology

In today’s era of digital healthcare transformation, there is a growing demand for swift responses to mental health queries. To meet this need, we introduce an AI-driven chatbot system designed to automatically address frequently asked questions in psychology. Leveraging a range of classifiers including Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Naïve Bayes, our system extracts insights from expert data sources and employs natural language processing techniques like LDA Topic Modeling and Cosine similarity to generate contextually relevant responses. Through rigorous experimentation, we find that SVM surpasses Naïve Bayes and KNN in accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, making it our top choice for constructing the final response system. This research underscores the effectiveness of ensemble classifiers, particularly SVM, in providing accurate and valuable information to enhance mental health support in response to common psychological inquiries.
Firm Performance and Multi-Scale Territorial Resources in Wallonia: Towards a Model using Business Accounting?

The research project aims to explore the relationships between firm performance and their territorial and/or location specific resources. By territorial resource, we mean the specific features of the territories that affect the ability of companies to develop their business. Our ambition is to compare different categories of territorial resources: accessibility at both, the micro and the macro level: the “prestige” of place; the economic environment; the size and the quality of workforce. The main goal is to measure the differences in terms of scales and intensity of these territorial resources. We postulate the existence of three structuring scales around the firm internal perimeter: the Walloon scale, the sub-regional scale and the scale of the site where the firm is located.
Privacy transparency patterns

This paper describes two privacy patterns for creating privacy transparency: the Personal Data Table pattern and the Privacy Policy Icons pattern, as well as a full overview of privacy transparency patterns. It is a first step in creating a full set of privacy design patterns, which will aid software developers with the realization of privacy by design. Privacy design patterns are design solutions to recurring privacy problems; as such they can facilitate the development of privacy-by-design solutions. Privacy design patterns as such exist, but a complete, uniform and readily applicable overview does not exist. This paper presents such an overview for privacy transparency patterns: they focus on solutions on how to create privacy transparency. Two privacy transparency patterns are fully described: the Personal Data Table pattern and the Privacy Policy Icons pattern.
How Do Student Prior Achievement and Homework Behaviors Relate to Perceived Parental Involvement in Homework?

This study investigated how students’ prior achievement is related to their homework behaviors (i.e., time spent on homework, homework time management, and amount of homework), and to their perceptions of parental involvement in homework (i.e., parental control and parental support). A total of 1250 secondary students from 7 to 10th grade participated in the study. Structural equation models were fitted to the data, compared, and a partial mediation model was chosen. The results indicated that students’ prior academic performance was significantly associated with both of the students’ homework variables, with direct and indirect results linking achievement and homework behaviors with perceived parental control and support behaviors about homework. Low-achieving students, in particular, perceived more parental control of homework in the secondary grades. These results, together with those of previous research, suggest a recursive relationship between secondary school students’ achievement and their perceptions of parental involvement in homework, which represents the process of student learning and family engagement over time. Study limitations and educational implications are discussed.
Emulating human attention-getting practices with wearable haptics

Our computers often need to get our attention, but have inadequate means of modulating the intrusiveness with which they do so. Humans commonly use social touch to gain one another's attention. In this paper, we describe an early exploration of how an expressive, wearable or holdable haptic display could emulate human social practices with the goal of evoking comparable responses from users. It spans three iterations of rapid prototyping and user evaluation, beginning with broad-ranging physical brainstorming, before proceeding to higher-fidelity actuated prototypes. User reactions were incorporated along the way, including an assessment of the low-fidelity prototypes' expressiveness. Our observations suggest that, using simple and potentially unintrusive body-situated mechanisms like a bracelet, it is possible to convey a range of socially gradable attention-getting expressions to be useful in real contexts.
Out-of-band radiation: Opportunities for antenna-based RF energy harvesting in wireless devices?

In this paper opportunities for wireless devices to harvest out-of-band RF energy are explored. Emerging multi-standard wireless communications devices such as mobile handsets currently include multiple antennas and multiple transceiver systems. Typical device usage leverages a subset of available antenna and transceiver systems at any given time. Additionally, receiver chains in use typically filter out-of-band energies to improve communications system performance. These out-of-band energies can be collected in multi-antenna and single-antenna systems or simpler devices such as wireless sensor nodes. In this paper, opportunities for harvesting out-of-band energy are investigated. Investigations use both data collected from an extensive measurement campaign spanning 88-2686MHz across 4 mid-sized US cities as well as simulations to provide insights into the opportunities for RF energy harvesting. An architecture is proposed using a 3-port out-of-band RF harvester to enable opportunistic capture of ambient RF energy. The proposed approach is demonstrated via simulation using a planar inverted-F antenna with feed line coupled to a split ring resonator, for harvesting out-of-band energy. Results indicate that potentially significant proportions of ambient energy remain untapped and can be harvested using the proposed approach. This work provides valuable insight into the design space for harvesting out-of-band RF energy.
Effect of sealers on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with and without smear layer removal: An in vitro study

Aim: The present study involved the in vitro comparison of root reinforcing abilities of two sealers, i.e., Ketac-Endo and Acroseal, in endodontically treated teeth in the presence and absence of smear layer. Materials and Methods: Fifty teeth were taken and sectioned at the cementoenamel junction. The teeth with faults were discarded and a total of 36 teeth were used for study. The samples were biomechanically prepared using step-back technique. In 10 teeth, the smear layer was preserved using sodium hypochlorite. Smear layers were removed from 10 teeth using 17% EDTA, and in another 10 samples, the smear layers were eliminated using 17% EGTA. The remaining samples served as controls. Samples were obturated with sealers using the lateral condensation technique. Ketac-Endo (3M) is a glass ionomer based root canal sealer, and Acroseal (Septodont) sealers were used. The teeth were then tested by using an Instron testing machine. Results: Ketac-Endo shows higher fracture resistance values in comparison to Acroseal. Other factors as the amount of tooth structure remaining, the agents used for the removal of smear layer and instrumentation techniques may alter the tooth resistance to fracture. Conclusion: Ketac-Endo shows higher fracture resistance values in comparison to Acroseal.
Challenges of Frozen Section in Thoracic Pathology: Lepidic Lesions, Limited Resections, and Margins.

CONTEXT - The use of frozen section in thoracic pathology includes assessment of peripheral lung lesions with lepidic pattern, with greater emphasis on evaluating lung-sparing resections and margin assessment. OBJECTIVE - To review pitfalls of frozen section in thoracic pathology; in this setting, reduction of false-positive and false-negative diagnosis in lesion identification and margin assessment is critical. DATA SOURCES - PubMed search of frozen section lung pathology yielded specific references related to the use of frozen section in the identification of lepidic lesions and the clinical recommendation for margin distance. CONCLUSIONS - Frozen section diagnosis is overall accurate in assessment of lepidic lesions. Pitfalls include rare benign mimickers and more common reactive lesions. Standard approaches to gross assessment and margin measurement require further research with increasing use of lung-sparing resections.
Cryptographic Security of Reactive Systems Extended Abstract

We describe some general relations between cryptographic and abstracted security de nitions, and we present a novel model of security for reactive systems, generalizing previous de nitions relying on the simulatability paradigm. The larger context is the goal to provide cryptographic semantics for \abstract" speci cations, so that the \reality" of the former can be combined with the brevity or, if a formal language is used, the precision and tool-support, of the latter. The novel aspects of our speci c de nition are a separate treatment of honest users, a precise synchronous switching model, and easy inclusion of various trust models. We also believe to have the rst general strategy to deal abstractly with accepted vulnerabilities (such as leakage of tra c patterns), and the rst workedout serious-size examples within a general model. Most importantly, our model has the rst general composition theorem, and a link to requirements formulated in logics.
Collaborative Virtual Environment standards: a performance evaluation

Collaborative Virtual Environments are virtual reality spaces that enable participants to collaborate and share objects as if physically present in the same place. These collaboration spaces require strict performance characteristics. Today there are many systems developed specifically for collaboration, including DIVE, CALVIN, and COVEN. At the same time, some relatively new standards that address multiuser virtual environments and shared spaces have become available. In this paper, we evaluate available and emerging standards such us the High Level Architecture (HLA) and Open Community to determine if they appropriately address the needs of such environments.