Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sociology : a global perspective

1. The Sociological Imagination: With Emphasis on Globalization and Glocalization. 2. Sociological Perspectives and Methods of Research: With Emphasis on Social Robotics. 3. Culture: With Emphasis on Transcultural Encounters and Exchanges. 4. Socialization: With Emphasis on In-Groups and Out-Groups. 5. Social Interaction and Impression Management: With Emphasis on Relationships in a Digital Age. 6. Formal Organizations: With Emphasis on Industrial Food. 7. Deviance, Conformity, and Social Control: With Emphasis on Mass Surveillance. 8. Social Inequality: With Emphasis on Social Mobility. 9. Race and Ethnicity: With Emphasis on Social Construction. 10. Gender and Sexualities: With Emphasis on Gender Ideals. 11. Economics and Politics: With Emphasis on India and Its IT Professionals. 12. Family: With Emphasis on the Aging Societies. 13. Education: With Emphasis on Social Reproduction in a Knowledge Economy. 14. Religion: With Emphasis on Religion as a Transnational Force. 15. Population and Health Care: With Emphasis on the U.S. Health Care System in Global Context. 16. Social Change: With Emphasis on Changing Environment.
Building on the Cultural and Linguistic Capital of English Learner (EL) Students.

Currently, public schools in the U.S. are experiencing dramatic increases in the number of English learner (EL) students they serve. According to the National Center for Educational Statistics (NCES, 2006), between 1979 and 2004, the overall number of school children in U.S. public schools increased 18 percent. In contrast, the number of these children who spoke a language other than English at home increased by 162 percent, and the number who spoke a language other than English at home and who spoke English with difficulty increased by 114 percent. Projections have further indicated that school-aged children who are ELs will constitute an estimated 40 percent of the k-12 population in the US by the year 2030 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2000). While an extensive body of research indicates that bilingual education is the most successful type of programming for EL students—with some models being more effective than others (Greene, 1998; Ramirez, 1992; Ramirez, Yen, & Ramey, 1991; Thomas & Collier, 1997, 2002; Willig,1985), the reality exists that as a result of factors including shortages of bilingual teachers or the representation of multiple native languages within a school district, most EL students spend the majority of the school day in English-dominant contexts with predominantly English-speaking teachers (Berube, 2000). While our nation has a long history of competing ideologies and political controversies related to English immersion (in which the primary language of instruction is English) programs versus bilingual education, scholars contend that these two educational approaches need not be conceptualized as dichotomous. Rather, when educators consider what approaches and strategies will provide the best opportunities for particular students to learn in particular contexts, they must bear in mind that for EL students, their native languages and cultures are key resources to draw upon for teaching both content and language (Lucas & Katz, 1994). They must also think about how the language and culture a student brings with them is intimately connected to their community, loved ones, and personal identity (Delpit, 1988).
The Mediodorsal Thalamus Drives Feedforward Inhibition in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex via Parvalbumin Interneurons

Although the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is classically defined by its reciprocal connections with the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD), the nature of information transfer between MD and mPFC is poorly understood. In sensory thalamocortical pathways, thalamic recruitment of feedforward inhibition mediated by fast-spiking, putative parvalbumin-expressing (PV) interneurons is a key feature that enables cortical neurons to represent sensory stimuli with high temporal fidelity. Whether a similar circuit mechanism is in place for the projection from the MD (a higher-order thalamic nucleus that does not receive direct input from the periphery) to the mPFC is unknown. Here we show in mice that inputs from the MD drive disynaptic feedforward inhibition in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) subregion of the mPFC. In particular, we demonstrate that axons arising from MD neurons directly synapse onto and excite PV interneurons that in turn mediate feedforward inhibition of pyramidal neurons in layer 3 of the dACC. This feedforward inhibition in the dACC limits the time window during which pyramidal neurons integrate excitatory synaptic inputs and fire action potentials, but in a manner that allows for greater flexibility than in sensory cortex. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the role of MD-PFC circuit function in cognition.
The confidence in diabetes self-care scale: psychometric properties of a new measure of diabetes-specific self-efficacy in Dutch and US patients with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To examine psychometric properties of the Confidence in Diabetes Self-Care (CIDS) scale, a newly developed instrument assessing diabetes-specific self-efficacy in Dutch and U.S. patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Reliability and validity of the CIDS scale were evaluated in Dutch (n = 151) and U.S. (n = 190) outpatients with type 1 diabetes. In addition to the CIDS scale, assessment included HbA(1c), emotional distress, fear of hypoglycemia, self-esteem, anxiety, depression, and self-care behavior. The Dutch sample completed additional measures on perceived burden and importance of self-care. Test-retest reliability was established in a second Dutch sample (n = 62). RESULTS Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86 for Dutch patients and 0.90 U.S. patients) and test-retest reliability (Spearman's r = 0.85, P < 0.0001) of the CIDS scale were high. Exploratory factor analysis showed one strong general factor. Spearman's correlations between the CIDS scale and other measures were moderate and in the expected directions, and high HbA(1c) levels were associated with low CIDS scores in the U.S. sample only. Low CIDS scores were positively associated with self-care but not with glycemic control in the original samples. CIDS scores in the U.S. and Dutch samples did not show any statistically significant differences. U.S. men had higher CIDS scores than U.S. women. CONCLUSIONS The CIDS scale is a reliable and valid measure of diabetes-specific self-efficacy for use in patients with type 1 diabetes. High psychometric similarity allows for cross-cultural comparisons.
The Impact of Motivation and Prevention Factors on Game Addiction

Adolescents' addiction to game has a negative impact on the aberrance of adolescents. Although limited research has been done on the cause of game addiction, no research has been conducted on the effectiveness of prevention measures. In this paper, we propose a model to study the impact of both the motivation and prevention factors on game addiction. Surveys were conducted among middle school students in Shanghai, with 623 valid responses. The analysis results show that among all prevention factors, only attention switch has significant negative impact on game addiction, however, dissuasion and parental monitoring have positive correlation with game addiction. The rational, resource shortage and cost have no significant impacts on game addiction. The analysis results also show that among all motivation factors, mechanics, relationship and escapism have significant positive impact on addiction.
The Relationship of 60 Disease Diagnoses and 15 Conditions to Preference-Based Health-Related Quality of Life in Ontario Hospital-Based Long-Term Care Residents

Background:Population-based diagnosis- and condition-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores are required for decision-making and research purposes. These HRQoL scores do not exist for hospital-based long-term care (LTC) residents. Objective:To estimate the impact of 60 diseases and 15 conditions on caregiver-assessed preference-based HRQoL. Methods:Residents in hospital-based LTC facilities in Ontario, Canada were identified from administrative databases containing resident minimum data set (MDS) assessments completed between August 1st, 2003 and March 31st, 2008. A preference-based HRQoL measure, the MDS Health-Status Index (MDS-HSI) score, was calculated for 66,193 residents. Average MDS-HSI scores and multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the impact of the diagnoses and conditions, respectively. Results:After adjusting for age, sex, and other diagnoses, aphasia exhibited the largest negative relationship to the MDS-HSI (−0.085), followed by cancer (−0.072) and Alzheimer disease (−0.062). Cancer was also the second most prevalent diagnosis (27.6%). Lack of balance was a common condition (87.3%) and it had the greatest negative relationship to MDS-HSI scores among the 15 conditions (−0.099). The diagnoses and conditions regression models had R2 values of 0.12 and 0.34, respectively, suggesting that clinical conditions provided better explanatory variables for the MDS-HSI than diagnoses. Conclusions:The findings suggest that diseases affect preference-based HRQoL differently in a hospital-based LTC population compared with previous studies in the general population. The population-based MDS-HSI scores from this study can be used as reference values in cost-effectiveness analyses for hospital-based LTC populations.
Swing-Up Control for a 3-DOF Gymnastic Robot With Passive First Joint: Design and Analysis

This paper concerns a swing-up control problem for a three-link gymnastic planar robot in a vertical plane with its first joint being passive (unactuated) and the rest being active (actuated). The objectives of this paper are to: (1) design a controller under which the robot can be brought into any arbitrarily small neighborhood of the upright equilibrium point, where all three links of the robot remain in their upright positions; and (2) attain a global analysis of the motion of the robot under the controller. To tailor the energy-based control approach to achieve the aforementioned objectives, first, this paper considers the links 2 and 3 as a virtually composite link, and proposes a coordinate transformation of the angles of active joints. Second, this paper constructs a novel Lyapunov function based on the transformation, and devises an energy-based swing-up controller. Third, this paper carries out a global analysis of the motion of the robot under the controller, and establishes some conditions on control parameters for achieving the swing-up control objective. To validate the theoretical results obtained, this paper provides simulation results for a three-link robot with its mechanical parameters being obtained from a human gymnast.
Environmental Behaviors in a Transatlantic View

Comparing environmental behaviors in the United States, Canada, Germany, and the Czech Republic, this article examines the contextual- and individual-level determinants of private and public environmental actions. The analysis uses survey data collected by the International Social Survey Program in 1993, 2000, and 2010, and shows that private behavior is the most common in West and East Germany followed by Canada, the Czech Republic, and the United States. Public behavior, on the other hand, is the most common in Canada followed by West Germany, the United States, East Germany, and the Czech Republic. The comparison over time reveals that public behavior has decreased and converged at a lower level while private behavior has increased. In terms of individual-level determinants, both private and public behaviors are influenced by similar environmental attitudes, but different sociodemographic characteristics.
Zero Energy States for SU(N): A Simple Exercise in Group Theory ?

We show that the requirement of $S_3\times Spin(d)$ invariance for a ``asymptotically free'' SU(3)-Cartan subalgebra wave-function does {\em not} give a unique candidate for a SU(3)-invariant zero energy state of the d=9 supersymmetric matrix model - nor does it rule out the existence of such a state in the case d=3. For d=9 we explicitly construct various $S_3\times Spin(9)$-invariant wave-functions. }
Stromelysin-1 and Interleukin-6 Gene Promoter Polymorphisms Are Determinants of Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis

The functional 5A/6A polymorphism of the stromelysin-1 promoter has been implicated as a potential genetic marker for the progression of angiographically determined atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease. Recently, a novel interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene functional G/C polymorphism at −174 in the promoter has also been reported. In this study, we analyzed the relation of these two polymorphisms with carotid artery atherosclerosis in 109 randomly selected, middle-aged men without exercise-induced ischemia. Atherosclerosis was quantified as intima-media thickness (IMT) by high-resolution ultrasonography. Univariately, stromelysin genotype was significantly (P =0.015) associated with IMT, and this relation remained (P =0.033) after adjustments for age, cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index, smoking, LDL cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure and for sonographers. The 5A/6A polymorphism independently explained 7% of the variance in carotid bifurcation IMT. The IL-6 polymorphism was also significantly associated (P =0.036) with increased IMT, with men homozygous for the G allele having IMT that was 11% greater than men homozygous for the C allele. Men who were homozygous for both the 6A and G alleles had an covariate adjusted IMT that was 36% greater than men who were homozygous for neither allele (P <0.003). These data suggest that genetic factors that predispose to reduced matrix remodeling (stromelysin 6A allele) and to increased inflammation (IL-6 G allele) combine to increase susceptibility for intima-media thickening in the carotid bifurcation, a predilection site for atherosclerosis.
Rollerball and the spirit of capitalism: Competitive dynamics within the global context, the challenge to labour transnationalism, and the emergence of ironic outcomes

Purpose – Capital, through its practices and narratives of global competition, is able to play unions in different locations off against one another through the construction and exploitation of difference. Trade unions and their activists have responded through formal institutional responses and with new forms of network‐based cooperation which is, at best, limited to action supported by the interests of union actors involved at a given juncture. This article seeks to argue that these forms of organizational responses are in themselves insufficient to allow unions to overcome the prisoner's dilemma inherent in their operating at a lower geographic level than capital.Design/methodology/approach – The paper brings together ideas and insights from various interventions made by the authors and is a based on a review of a large part of the literature.Findings – To regain control over labour markets would require either more systematic and structured union organizations of a transnational scope or a more concer.
Sexual Orientation Bias Toward Gay Men and Lesbian Women: Modern Homonegative Attitudes and Their Association With Discriminatory Behavioral Intentions1

Two studies examined modern homonegative attitudes among nonstudents. In Study 1, participants completed the Modern Homonegativity Scale (MHS; Morrison & Morrison, 2002) and other measures. Results indicated that MHS scores correlated positively with neoracism, neosexism, and the Protestant work ethic, and negatively with humanitarianism–egalitarianism. Gender differences were found and, irrespective of participant sex, greater modern homonegativity was directed toward gay, rather than lesbian targets. Study 2 extended research in the realm of modern homonegativity by investigating the linkage between modern homonegative attitudes and behavioral intentions in a sample of 196 community participants. As expected, modern homonegativity predicted discriminatory behavioral intentions toward a gay, but not a straight mayoralty candidate. Applications of these findings and future research directions are discussed.
Experimental characterization of Low Power Listening in BAN

This paper presents an implementation of a Low Power Listening-based (LPL) Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol on a platform for Body Area Network (BAN) applications. LPL exploits the transmission of a burst of short packets, called preambles, to synchronize the transmitter and the receiver. In this way, devices are able to spend most of the time in sleeping mode, providing longer lifetime and energy saving. Experiments on the field have been conducted by considering different scenarios and results, in terms of average energy consumed per packet, packet loss rate and average delay, have been investigated. Conclusions regarding the proper parameters setting depending on the application requirements were derived. This work has been performed in the framework of the FP7 Integrated Project, WiserBAN.
Reliability Analysis for Aviation Airline Network Based on Complex Network

In order to improve the reliability of aviation airline network, this paper presents an empirical analysis on the airline network structure of an aviation company in China from the perspective of complex network, and the calculation result of the statistical features and degree distribution of the network, proves that the network is a small-world network and a scale-free network. Four indicators, i.e. degree, closeness, vertex betweenness and flow betweenness, are utilized for aviation network centralization so as to distinguish the most appropriate method. The influence of nodes in local network is to be measured through the indicators. The results show that vertex betweenness can achieve the best aviation network centralization effect. Specifically, the centrality degree reaches 95.87%. On this basis, the network reliability is analyzed to discover that when two nodes with maximum degree or maximum betweenness are removed, the network performance is reduced by a half. Eventually, countermeasures are proposed for further improvement according to the results. In other words, complex network method is feasible used to analyze the topological structure and statistical features of aviation network. Based on this, a study is conduced to the network reliability and suggestions are proposed for optimizing the aviation network.
Switching Activity in Stochastic Decoders

Stochastic iterative decoders are a recently introduced hardware-oriented class of message-passing algorithms for ultra-low complexity error-correcting decoders. We show that dynamic power consumption in stochastic decoders is exposed at the algorithmic level and can be evaluated from the values of messages passed on the code’s factor graph. This observation leads to a method for evaluating the relative dynamic power consumption of stochastic decoders as early as the code design stage. We propose a method based on density evolution that can be used to compare code ensembles in terms of their decoding energy per information bit. We note that despite using a stochastic signaling scheme, stochastic decoders converge to a codeword and stop consuming dynamic power. Results illustrate that significant differences in power consumption can be identified at the code design stage and tradeoffs can be exploited before designing a specific implementation.
Human Sprouty1 Suppresses Urokinase Receptor-Stimulated Cell Migration and Invasion

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) has been implicated in several processes in tumor progression including cell migration and invasion in addition to initiation of signal transduction. Since uPAR lacks a transmembrane domain, it uses the interaction with other proteins to modulate intracellular signal transduction. We have previously identified hSpry1 as a partner protein of uPAR, suggesting a physiological role for hSpry1 in the regulation of uPAR signal transduction. In this study, hSpry1 was found to colocalize with uPAR upon stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF), urokinase (uPA), or its amino terminal fragment (uPA-ATF), implicating a physiological role of hSpry1 in regulation of uPAR signalling pathway. Moreover, hSpry1 was able to inhibit uPAR-stimulated cell migration in HEK293/uPAR, breast carcinoma, and colorectal carcinoma cells. In addition, hSpry1 was found to inhibit uPAR-stimulated cell invasion in breast carcinoma and osteosarcoma cell lines. Increasing our understanding of how hSpry1 negatively regulates uPAR-stimulated cellular functions may determine a distinctive role for hSpry1 in tumour suppression.
Subcortical neglect: Neuropsychological, SPECT, and neuropathological correlations with anterior choroidal artery territory infarction

In 2 patients with infarction in the territory of the right anterior choroidal artery, hemiparesis, hemihypesthesia (in 1), and hemianopia or superior quadrantanopia were associated with severe multimodal hemineglect, without anosognosia, disorientation, or asomatognosia. Single‐photon emission tomography showed that marked hypoperfusion was not limited to the right posterior capsular region, but also involved the overlying parietal cortex, and to a lesser extent the frontal cortex. At autopsy in 1 patient, the infarct was nearly limited to the deep white matter of the temporal isthmus and the retrolenticular part of the internal capsule; only minute lesions were present in the globus pallidus, body of caudate, and amygdala. These findings are consistent with a disconnection phenomenon as the basis for subcortical neglect with ipsilateral deactivation of the parietofrontal cortex.
Online Communities im Internet

Was ist unter «online communities» zu verstehen? Sind «virtuelle Gemeinschaften» wirklich virtuell, sind sie gemeinschaftlich? In einer empirischen Studie mit 101 Interviews wurde gepruft, ob und inwiefern es in Kommunikationsdiensten des Internet zur Bildung von neuen Gemeinschaften kommt, bei denen die Teilnehmenden losgelost von ihrer Korperlichkeit und von einer gemeinsamen lokalen Prasenz ausschliesslich «online» interagieren. Neben den soziostrukturellen Daten der Teilnehmenden an zwei Newsgruppen und drei Chats und deren Nutzungsgewohnheiten interessierte vor allem, wie deren Beziehungsnetze aussehen, und ob sich deren personlichen Netzwerke «online» und «offline» uberschneiden.
L'approche relationnelle dans les banques

L’objectif de cet article est de proposer une reflexion quant a l’appropriation par les banques de l’approche relationnelle du client. Apres avoir montre l’adequation entre le marketing relationnel et ce secteur, nous observons les evolutions du metier de banquier qui elargissent ses activites au-dela de son domaine traditionnel. Ces changements nous conduisent a nous interroger sur la volonte reelle des enseignes bancaires a placer le client et la relation-client au cœur de leurs preoccupations.
Methods of criminological research

Preface Theories, methods, politics and problems Introduction The criminological enterprise Conclusion Methods of criminological research Introduction Types of data Social surveys Experiments Observation Informal interviews Data and method The theoretical connection Concluding comments Measuring and explaining crime Introduction Measuring the extent of crime Explaining crime: quantative research Conclusion Studying the criminal justice system Introduction 'Objects' as subjects Politics of criminological inquiry Gaining access: research in prisons Collecting data: researching the police Publishing results: plea-bargaining in court Getting research used: the short, sharp shock Conclusion Conclusion References Index