Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemically Modified Heparin Inhibits In Vitro L-Selectin-Mediated Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Adhesion

Accumulating evidence indicates that hematogenous metastasis is facilitated by tumor cell-leukocyte emboli formation, and L-selectin plays a major role in the process. Several independent studies have indicated that tumor metastasis can be inhibited by chemically modified heparin with low anticoagulant activity in the different tumor models. In the present study, we demonstrated that chemically modified nonanticoagulation heparin derivate (periodate-oxidized, borohydride-reduced heparin [RO-heparin]) can inhibit the binding of L-selectin to HO-8910 cells, block the adhering of HO-8910 to Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing a transfected human L-selectin complementary DNA, and affect the interactions of neutrophils with HO-8910 cells. Flow cytometric analysis with the heparan sulfate-specific monoclonal antibody revealed that HO-8910 cells express heparan sulfate-like proteoglycans. Furthermore, heparinase treatment impaired L-selectin binding, indicating that heparan sulfate-like proteoglycans on the tumor cell surface are implicated in the binding of L-selectin to HO-8910 cells. These findings suggest that RO-heparin with low anticoagulant activities may have potential value as therapeutic agents that block L-selectin-mediated cell adhesion and prevent tumor metastasis.
Efficacy of inhaled nitric oxide in a porcine model of adult respiratory distress syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) in reducing pulmonary hypertension in a porcine model of adult respiratory distress syndrome. DESIGN Nonrandomized, controlled experiment without blinding. SETTING Surgical research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Twelve pigs, matched equally for body weight. INTERVENTION Acute lung injury was induced by intravenous injection of oleic acid. Animals were then divided into either a control group, for monitoring without any further intervention, or a NO-treatment group, in which NO was administered at concentrations of 10 to 80 ppm, with each step separated by a NO-free interval to assess duration of effect. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pulmonary artery pressure, systemic blood pressure, PaO2, intrapulmonary shunt fraction, and extravascular lung water. Nitrosylated hemoglobin, arterial methemoglobin, and plasma nitrite and nitrate concentrations. RESULTS All animals responded to oleic acid injection with rapid development of pulmonary hypertension and deterioration of PaO2 and intrapulmonary shunt fraction. Inhaled NO reversed these changes in a concentration-dependent manner. Cessation of NO administration led to a prompt return of pulmonary hypertension. A small but significant drop in systemic blood pressure was observed only at the highest concentration of NO administered (80 ppm). Extravascular lung water almost doubled following oleic acid injury. This increase was sustained in all animals for the remainder of the experiment. Significant increases in circulating methemoglobin and plasma nitrite and nitrate concentrations were measured during NO inhalation. CONCLUSION Inhaled NO appears to be a selective pulmonary vasodilator and may prove to be useful in improving gas exchange in adult respiratory distress syndrome.
Understanding governance : policy networks, governance, reflexivity and accountability

Understanding Governance asks: * What has changed in British government over the past two decades, how and why? * Why do so many government policies fail? * What does the shift from government to governance mean for the practice and study of British government? This book provides a challenging reinterpretation which interweaves an account of recent institutional changes in central, local and European Union government with methodological innovations and theoretical analysis. It emphasizes: the inability of the 'Westminster model', with its accent on parliamentary sovereignty and strong executive leadership, to account for persistent policy failure; the 'hollowing out' of British government from above (the European Union), below (special purpose bodies) and sideways (to agencies); and the need to respond to the postmodern challenge, rethinking the methodological and theoretical assumptions in the study of British government.
Tunable Slow Light Based on Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Dual-Stub-Coupled Waveguide

We investigate the plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) effect in dual-stub-coupled metal-insulator-metal waveguide. The transmission line theory is employed to analyze the relationship between the transmission properties and geometrical parameters. It is found that by incorporating tunable refractive index materials with the proposed structure, a tunable PIT and slow light effect can be obtained in a constant stub separation design. The theoretical results show that a shift of 70 THz in the central wavelengths of transparency window can be obtained when the refractive index of the dielectric varies. In addition, the group index can be tuned from 24 to 36, which provides an effective method to adjust the slow light properties in the proposed waveguide. This letter opens up the possibility for the realization of tunable slow light devices in highly integrated optical circuits.
Industrial Composition, Methods of Compensation and Real Earnings in the Great Depression

A major objective of the government during the Great Recession has been severely to restrict public sector real wage growth. One potential advantage of performance-related pay schemes is that they naturally offer greater wage responsiveness to fluctuations in the business cycle. Based on evidence from engineering and allied industries during the Great Depression we show that piecework wages exhibited more flexibility than their timework equivalents. We compare and contrast southern/midland engineering districts of Britain with northern districts. The former region was dominated by piece-rated workers and by modern sections of the industry, such as vehicle and aircraft manufacture. Time-rated work predominated in northern districts where older sections – for example, marine and textile engineering – were clustered‥
E‐inclusion as a further stage of e‐government?

Purpose – An IT rationalist discourse predominates in the e‐government literature. Furthermore, and whenever an alternative and holistic discourse is developed, e‐government evaluation remains mechanistic. E‐inclusion is rightfully advocated as a socially inclusive strategy for e‐government planning and development but it is erroneously considered as a further stage of e‐government development, following the fourth and transactional stage. The paper aims to reconfigure e‐government and e‐inclusion as two parallel processes of government intervention to support a socially inclusive development strategy through a national IT strategy.Design/methodology/approach – This paper reviews the general discourse surrounding e‐government development and implementation, highlighting its mechanistic underpinnings and contrasting it with an inclusive approach to e‐government. The mechanistic discourse of e‐government is analyzed through key constructs that underlie the e‐government concept. Vision and objectives, e‐gove.
Real Interest Rates, Bubbles and Monetary Policy in the GCC countries

The Gulf Cooperation Council countries (GCC) include Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the UAE. Their monetary policy objective is to stabilize the foreign price, i.e., exchange rate instead of the domestic price level, where the nominal interest rate is equalized with the US federal fund rate, but the inflation rates are independent. High oil prices and the depreciating US dollar caused inflation to rise and real interest rates to be persistently negative in the UAE and Qatar. Asset prices bubbles formed then burst creating large loses. They could have moderated the effect of, or avoided, the bubble had they floated the currency and stabilized domestic prices.
Environmental Efficiency of the Australian Irrigation Industry in Treating Salt Emissions

In this paper, a stochastic translog production function frontier is specified to estimate the input-oriented technical efficiency of 11 major Australian irrigation schemes. The analysis is applied to a panel data set including the years 1998/1999, 1999/2000 and 2000/2001. The environmental efficiency of each sampled irrigation scheme in relation to treating salt emissions is measured. These EE measures are based on estimates of technical efficiency. The potential reduction of the environmentally detrimental salt emissions resulting from the improvement of environmental inefficiency is estimated. The study indicates that the sampled schemes operated at an average of 80.4% (1998/1999), 89.9% (1999/2000) to 95% (2000/2001) of full environmental efficiency. The potential contraction of salt emission is substantial. The paper also reveals that there is a wide range of EE scores in each year suggesting differences in the management performance of the salt emission problem across individual schemes.
A randomised controlled trial comparing transvaginal ultrasound, outpatient hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy with inpatient hysteroscopy and curettage

Sic Trial of vaginal breech birth at term is believed to be associated with higher morbidity on the basis that emergency surgery gives rise to more complications than elective caesarean section. In recent years the rate of elective caesarean section for breech has increased with the assumption that maternal and neonatal outcome would he better with this approach to delivery'. 2. However, this concept has not been home out by Irion et aL3 in a large cohort study. They report that maternal morbidity was lower with trial of vaginal breech birth and short term neonatal outcome was the same regardless of the mode of delivery. Another study of long term neonatal outcome did not show any deleterious effect associated with vaginal birth4. In our hospital, the results of two audits (1991 and 1992) on breech birth at term concur with the findings of Irion et aZ. '. We observed that maternal morbidity was lowest for vaginal births; maternal morbidity was not any higher for emergency compared to elective caesareans (Table 1); and short term neonatal outcome (Apgar scores at 5 minutes) was the same regardless of the mode of delivery. The breech dilemma will ultimately be resolved by weighing up the risks and benefits of different modes of delivery in a large multicentre randomised study. Until results of such a study become available, clinical decision-making will have to rely on observational data.
Estimating Output Gap for the Turkish Economy

This paper presents a time-varying parameter methodology for constructing an estimate of output gap for Turkey. We employ the extended Kalman filter technique in a multivariate setting in which economic content is utilized by the inclusion of inflation and output gap dynamics. As a by-product, we characterize time varying nature of output gap and inflation dynamics. Several results emerge: First, we show that estimating the potential output and output gap in a multivariate setting has several advantages over univariate techniques such as the HP filter. Second, our output gap estimates confirm the historical boom-bust cycles in Turkey and point out that business cycle displays sharp turning points rather than exhibiting a smooth pattern. Third, output gap seems to have contributed dramatically to the disinflation process in 2002-2004. Fourth, estimated time varying parameters suggest that, recently, the relation between real interest rates and the output gap seems to have been converging to a more conventional one. What is more, relative impact of output gap on inflation dynamics has been rising since 2001. Putting aside the “fiscal dominance” argument, these latter findings bode well for the effectiveness of the monetary policy within the prospective inflationtargeting framework.
Competition and Entry in Small Airline Markets

EMPIRICAL studies of deregulated airline markets usually address two policy questions. First, did airline deregulation make city-pair markets competitive? Second, should postderegulation mergers and the emergence of hub and spoke systems raise antitrust concerns? Several recent empirical analyses of airline ticket prices conclude that airline deregulation did not make city-pair markets perfectly contestable.1 Some of these studies also conclude that potential competition at origin and destination airports does not promote much price competition.2 These studies typically draw their conclusions from regressions that uncover a positive correlation between average market fares and measures of market or
The prefrontal dysfunction in individuals with Internet gaming disorder: a meta‐analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies

With the advancement in high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology and automated analysis, studies on functional MRI (fMRI) made it possible to identify the functional activity of brain in vivo in individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD), and to explore the underpinning neuroscience basis of IGD. Yet, no available literature has systemically reviewed the fMRI studies of IGD using meta‐analyses. This study reviewed 61 candidate articles and finally selected 10 qualified voxel‐wise whole‐brain analysis studies for performing a comprehensive series of meta‐analyses employing effect size signed differential mapping approach. Compared with healthy controls, subjects with IGD showed a significant activation in the bilateral medial frontal gyrus (MFG) and the left cingulate gyrus, as well as the left medial temporal gyrus and fusiform gyrus. Furthermore, the on‐line time of IGD subjects was positively correlated with activations in the left MFG and the right cingulated gyrus. These findings implicate the important role of dysfunctional prefrontal lobe in the neuropathological mechanism of IGD. Considering the overlapped role of prefrontal lobe in the reward and self‐regulatory system, our results provided supportive evidence for the reclassification of IGD as a behavioural addiction.
Forecasting Yield Curves Using Analyst's Views

Fixed income analysts are accustomed to monitoring a few benchmark yields on a continuous basis and to providing point estimates for these yields, or for a combination of them. Yet, the optimisation of fixed income portfolios requires an accurate forecast of not only a few benchmark yields, but of complete yield curves. This paper derives a forecast of one or more yield curves that is consistent with an analyst's views. The model is based on a novel application of principal component analysis (PCA). It can be extended to other markets and has no restrictions on the number of forecast variables, or the number of analyst's views. We consider examples of forecasting the government bond yield curves of the United States, the Eurozone and the United Kingdom, simultaneously or not. Our results have direct implications for portfolio management.
The process of financial reforms in China

This study aims to show that financial reforms in China can be viewed as an endogenous adjustment process responding primarily to economic growth and changes in political constraints. The author's argument is thus against the mainstream view in which financial reforms are regarded as primary policy tools for the promotion of economic growth. Three factors are carefully examined for the explanation of the endogenous characteristics of financial reforms. First, this paper takes a close look at endogenous aspects of Chinese financial repression. The endogenous characters of financial repression explain why financial reforms in China follow an endogenous path. Second, recent developments of legal frameworks are found to have been institutional responses to macroeconomic imbalances, financial disorders, and increased demands for property right protection. Finally, this paper shows that the lack of market infrastructure and various political constraints have been major obstacles for China's capital market development.
Social media marketing through time‐aware collaborative filtering

Social media is assuming a crucial role in purchasing decisions, and most companies are using social media for marketing. Making sense of the unstructured information content shared by users along the time is an emerging challenge. We advise that the dynamic nature with which trends and user's interests evolve along the timeline requires the revising of well‐assessed methods to address, for instance, recommendation provisioning, information retrieval, and so on. Time‐awareness is crucial to more effectively estimate user's interests in the future to better address social media marketing attempting to increase the traction, for instance, posting the right message at the right time. This work defines time‐aware collaborative filtering for estimating users' interest along the time in Twitter. It uses text analysis services to semantically annotate tweets' content and to track concepts considering post frequencies along the time. A model‐based approach implementing K‐Nearest Neighbors is used to estimate user's similarity representing their profile by sampling user's interest with three different techniques: Vectorial Representation, Symbolic Aggregation Approximation, and Median. We show the experimental results comparing these techniques and performing model training in different time windows. The proposed approach is used to address some social media marketing questions.
Ca 125 in the Follow—Up of Patients with Ovarian Cancer

The value of CA 125 measurement in the diagnosis and follow–up of ovarian cancer was studied in 102 patients. The CA 125 levels were elevated in 88% (3221365) of samples from 82 patients with clinical evidence of disease and in 14% (561403) of samples from 58 patients without clinical evidence. Preoperative levels were elevated in 84% (44152) of the patients, and in 100% of those with stage III and IV disease. In patients with non–mucinous tumors the preoperative levels were elevated in 95% of cases (38140). CA 125 levels were significantly correlated with the course of disease in 88% (36141) of patients whose tumor regressed, and in 87% 120123) of those whose tumor progressed. Before second–look surgery of 48 patients, the sensitivity of the CA 125 test was 35% and the specificity was 86%. The results suggest that, although far from infallible, CA 125 is a useful marker for ovarian cancer. It is useful for monitoring the course of chemotherapy, but normal levels do not rule out the possibility of persistent or recurrent disease.
Transfer Costs, Spatial Arbitrage, and Testing for Food Market Integration

Conventional tests for food market integration ask, often misleadingly, whether prices in different locations move together. In this paper an alternative methodology, the parity bounds model (PBM), is developed which uses information on transfer costs in addition to food prices to assess the efficiency of spatial arbitrage. Monte Carlo experiments using data generated by a point-space spatial price equilibrium model show the PBM to be statistically reliable. An application to Philippine rice markets demonstrates that the PBM detects efficient arbitrage when other tests do not. Copyright 1997, Oxford University Press.
How to Coordinate Integrated Supply Chain When Demand and Cost Disruptions Occur Simultaneously

Disruptions such as natural disasters, terrorism attacks, major public health events, financial crisis, machine failures and strikes etc. may have great impact on the operation of supply chain. An originally-coordinated supply chain cannot be coordinated because of some disruptions and the survival of the supply chain members can be influenced by other disruptions. A supply chain consisting of one supplier and one retailer is studied in this paper. The supply chain profit is maximized in the basic case. Disruption happens which makes the price sensitivity coefficient and the production cost changes simultaneously. The supplier only needs to adjust the retail price if the disruption is in a certain range. The supplier needs to adjust the retail price and the production quantities if the disruption is large enough. Finally, some numerical examples are illustrated to certify the results derived in this paper.
Leadership that drives and sustains innovation in organisations

Definitions Innovation can be generally defined as an exploration of novel ideas in the organisations and implementation (exploitation) of those ideas in practice. Sometimes the word innovation may be interchangeably used with creativity; however, many scholars tend to distinguish those two notions. In 1974 Stogdill stated that 'there are almost as many definitions of leadership as there are persons who have attempted to define the concept', and this statement is still valid today. One of the most used definitions is the one given by Northouse: 'Leadership is a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal'. Most scholars of leadership tend to distinguish leadership from management. For example, Bennis and Nanus suggest that 'managers are people who do things right and leaders are people who do the right thing'. Deschamps defines innovation leaders as 'senior 'executive champions', who stimulate, support, steer and sustain innovation in their companies'. Deschamps helps us to identify six common traits that innovation leaders share. Such leaders have a balanced blend of 'emotion' and 'realism'. They encourage risk taking and tolerate failures. Furthermore, these leaders are able not just to start successful projects but also to stop the ones that are considered to be unsuccessful. They have aptitude for recruiting and developing talent and successful teams. They welcome new ideas and technology and encourage subordinates to widen their perspectives. They are passionate about their vision and goals and have a strong desire to engage their staff in a shared vision.
A low-power CMOS LNA using noise suppression and distortion cancellation techniques with inductive bandwidth extension

A low-noise amplifier (LNA) for wideband wireless systems faces many challenges like small noise figure and high linearity. Usually these performances are the trade-offs with power consumption. In this work, we propose a CMOS LNA that integrates three circuit techniques, including a multi-gate distortion cancellation, noise suppression feedback, and bandwidth extension for performance improvement with low power. The LNA uses a 0. 18μm CMOS and dissipates 1.5 mW from a 1.2V supply voltage. The voltage gain is 14 dB. The measured IIP3 is 5 dBm at 500 MHz that is 9 dB enhanced by the distortion cancellation. The noise figure at low frequency is 4.3 dB, that is 3.2 dB improved by the noise suppression technique. The voltage-enhanced network extends the 3-dB bandwidth to 2.95 GHz and achieves a minimum noise figure of 2.9 dB.