Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AtPIN2 defines a locus of Arabidopsis for root gravitropism control

The molecular mechanisms underlying gravity perception and signal transduction which control asymmetric plant growth responses are as yet unknown, but are likely to depend on the directional flux of the plant hormone auxin. We have isolated an Arabidopsis mutant of the AtPIN2 gene using transposon mutagenesis. Roots of the Atpin2::En701 null‐mutant were agravitropic and showed altered auxin sensitivity, a phenotype characteristic of the agravitropic wav6‐52 mutant. The AtPIN2 gene was mapped to chromosome 5 (115.3 cM) corresponding to the WAV6 locus and subsequent genetic analysis indicated that wav6‐52 and Atpin2::En701 were allelic. The AtPIN2 gene consists of nine exons defining an open reading frame of 1944 bp which encodes a 69 kDa protein with 10 putative transmembrane domains interrupted by a central hydrophilic loop. The topology of AtPIN2p was found to be similar to members of the major facilitator superfamily of transport proteins. We have shown that the AtPIN2 gene was expressed in root tips. The AtPIN2 protein was localized in membranes of root cortical and epidermal cells in the meristematic and elongation zones revealing a polar localization. These results suggest that AtPIN2 plays an important role in control of gravitropism regulating the redistribution of auxin from the stele towards the elongation zone of roots.
Bursting Neurons in the Hippocampal Formation Encode Features of LFP Rhythms

Burst spike patterns are common in regions of the hippocampal formation such as the subiculum and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC). Neurons in these areas are immersed in extracellular electrical potential fluctuations often recorded as the local field potential (LFP). LFP rhythms within different frequency bands are linked to different behavioral states. For example, delta rhythms are often associated with slow-wave sleep, inactivity and anesthesia; whereas theta rhythms are prominent during awake exploratory behavior and REM sleep. Recent evidence suggests that bursting neurons in the hippocampal formation can encode LFP features. We explored this hypothesis using a two-compartment model of a bursting pyramidal neuron driven by time-varying input signals containing spectral peaks at either delta or theta rhythms. The model predicted a neural code in which bursts represented the instantaneous value, phase, slope and amplitude of the driving signal both in their timing and size (spike number). To verify whether this code is employed in vivo, we examined electrophysiological recordings from the subiculum of anesthetized rats and the MEC of a behaving rat containing prevalent delta or theta rhythms, respectively. In both areas, we found bursting cells that encoded information about the instantaneous voltage, phase, slope and/or amplitude of the dominant LFP rhythm with essentially the same neural code as the simulated neurons. A fraction of the cells encoded part of the information in burst size, in agreement with model predictions. These results provide in-vivo evidence that the output of bursting neurons in the mammalian brain is tuned to features of the LFP.
Key components of faculty advising during the HCT orientation program

The Helena College of Technology of The University of Montana (HCT) is a small, two-year, technical institution located in Helena, Montana. The problem for this study was that although the advising/registration session with faculty was consistently the highest-rated event during the HCT orientation, it was unknown what specific information faculty shared with students. The College anticipated faculty changes caused by retirements, resignations, and the addition of new instructors due to the continued growth experienced by HCT, therefore, determining exactly what information faculty advisors actually transmitted during the session was important to ensure continued high ratings by students. The research question was: What are the key components of the faculty advising session during the HCT orientation? The researcher interviewed the six faculty members from the Diesel and Electronics Technology programs. The interview protocol included predetermined questions, follow-up questions determined during the interview by the researcher, and an opportunity for the faculty to add additional comments. Each faculty member reviewed the written summary and offer additional information. The researcher conducted the initial interviews in November 1999 and follow-up interviews May 2001. The researcher analyzed the data looking for common themes and differences and identified 21 topics or activities (components) between the two programs. Eleven components were common: Balancing school, work, home; classroom locations; curriculum overview; employment opportunities; homework requirements; introduction of faculty; policies information; program options; registration information; daily structure; and tools and equipment. Ten components were different: Introduction of students; stress of the program and school; math and problem solving ability; block scheduling; structured presentation; general education placement; attitude, commitment, work ethic; academic support; registration responsibility; and Poplar Campus information. The results of the study suggest that faculty follow procedures during the advising/registration session that are congruent with the goals of orientation and academic advising found in the literature. Over 50 percent of the components were common to both programs, confirming the importance of the components. The key differences may be explained in one of two ways: (a) the component was program specific and therefore, not of immediate interest to the other program; or (b) the component was something that the faculty had failed to recognize as important but were not opposed to implementing in future sessions. ■ An Advising/Registration Session Model based on this research was created for the use of HCT Faculty at future orientations.
Incorporating Discourse Aspects in English - Polish MT: Towards Robust Implementation

The main aim of translation is an accurate transfer of meaning so that the result is not only grammatically and lexically correct but also communicatively adequate. This paper stresses the need for discourse analysis the aim of which is to preserve the communicative meaning in English--Polish machine translation. Unlike English, which is a positional language with word order grammatically determined, Polish displays a strong tendency to order constituents according to their degree of salience, so that the most informationally salient elements are placed towards the end of the clause regardless of their grammatical function. The Centering Theory developed for tracking down given information units in English and the Theory of Functional Sentence Perspective predicting informativeness of subsequent constituents provide theoretical background for this work. The notion of {\em center} is extended to accommodate not only for pronominalisation and exact reiteration but also for definiteness and other center pointing constructs. Center information is additionally graded and applicable to all primary constituents in a given utterance. This information is used to order the post-transfer constituents correctly, relying on statistical regularities and some syntactic clues.
Development of a Project Selection Method on Information System Using ANP and Fuzzy Logic

Project selection problems on management information system (MIS) are often considered a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) for a solving method. These problems contain two aspects, such as interdependencies among criteria and candidate projects and qualitative and quantitative factors of projects. However, most existing methods reported in literature consider these aspects separately even though these two aspects are simultaneously incorporated. For this reason, we proposed a hybrid method using analytic network process (ANP) and fuzzy logic in order to represent both aspects. We then propose a goal programming model to conduct an optimization for the project selection problems interpreted by a hybrid concept. Finally, a numerical example is conducted as verification purposes.
Safety and effectiveness of drug-eluting stents in Chinese patients with coronary artery disease with off- and on-label indications: results from a single-centre registry

Background Off-label use of drug-eluting stents (DES) is more common than on-label use and may be associated with a persistently higher rate of adverse angiographic and clinical outcomes. Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of unrestricted use of DES in everyday practice in a Chinese population. Methods Between January 2004 and May 2009, we retrospectively enrolled 1209 consecutive patients who received DES in our single centre. 84.7% of patients were treated with sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) and 15.3% of patients were treated with paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES). Results 59.0% of patients (n=713) were treated for off-label indications, with a significantly higher proportion of patients with previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (6.2% vs 0.6%, p<0.001). There were no differences in coronary risk factors. During 6–66 months’ follow-up, the rate of repeat target vessel revascularisation (TVR) was significantly higher in the off-label group (14.6% vs 9.7%, p=0.011). The risk of death and myocardial infarction were not statistically different with off-label from standard use. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the independent predictors of TVR were stent type (SES vs PES, HR=0.567, 95% CI 0.395 to 0.813), previous CABG (HR=2.393, 95% CI 1.440 to 3.977), the treatment of chronic total occlusion (HR=2.786, 95% CI 1.731 to 4.484) and the treatment of left main lesion (HR=1.854, 95% CI 1.022 to 3.363). Conclusions In our local unselected cohort of Chinese people, off-label use of DES was safe in comparison with on-label use and associated with an excellent procedural success rate, but higher TVR.
Collaborative Filtering Recommendation using Matrix Factorization: A MapReduce Implementation

Matrix Factorization based Collaborative Filtering (MFCF) has been an efficient method for recommendation. However, recent years have witness the explosive increasing of big data, which contributes to the huge size of users and items in recommender systems. To deal with the efficiency of MFCF recommendation in the context of big data challenge, we propose to leverage MapReduce programming model to re-implement MFCF algorithm. Specifically, we develop a four-step process of MFCF, each of which is implemented as MapReduce tasks. The experiments are conducted on a Hadoop cluster using a real world dataset of Netflix. The empirical results confirm the efficiency of our method.
Variability of haplotype phase and its effect on genetic analysis

One of the challenging problems toward understanding characteristics of the human genome is phasing haplotype information from genotype data. Among many proposed approaches towards solving the genotype phasing problem, PHASE and expectation-maximization (EM) algorithms are the most commonly used methods to obtain haplotype phase. This study has applied both methods to two important genetic regions - Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and cystic fibrosis (CF) - with 166 (spans 51 kb) and 238 (spans 188 kb) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) respectively, genotyped from 90 unrelated individuals. For analysis, the phased haplotypes from the PHASE and EM algorithms were used to observe the level of difference. The analyses found a significant difference in allele frequency (p Lt 0.001 for IL-1 and p Lt 0.05 for CF). In contrast to other comparison studies, the analysis was extended to find variability in common haplotype blocks. In comparison between the two algorithms, the performance of the PHASE algorithm is more robust than the EM-algorithm.
Developmental Embodied Cognition DECO-2001

Embodiment has become an important concept in many areas of cognitive science. There are, however, very different notions of exactly what embodiment is and what kind of body is required for what kind of embodied cognition. This paper identifies and contrasts four different, increasingly restrictive notions of embodiment which can roughly be characterized as (1) ‘structural coupling’ between agent and environment, (2) ‘physical embodiment’ , (3) ‘organismoid embodiment’ , i.e. organism-like bodily form (e.g., humanoid robots), and (4) ‘organismic embodiment’ of autopoietic, li ving systems.
An Intelligent Driver Assistance System (I-DAS) for Vehicle Safety Modelling using Ontology Approach

This paper proposes an ontology modelling approach for assisting vehicle drivers through safety warning messages during time critical situation. Intelligent Driver Assistance System (I-DAS) is a major component of InVANET[12], which focuses on generating the alert messages based on the context aware parameters such as driving situations, vehicle dynamics, driver activity and environment. I-DAS manages the parameter representation, consistent update /maintenance in XML format while the interpretation of a critical situation is done using ontology modeling. Related safety technologies such as Adaptive Cruise Control, Collision Avoidance System, Lane Departure Warning System, Driver Drowsiness detection system, Parking Assistance System, which generate warnings and alerts to driver continuously, for assistance according to context which is integrated in Vehicle and Vehicle 2 Driver (V2D) communications by DVI(Driver Vehicle Interface) had been applied. The simulation test bed developed using Java framework[21] to generate safety alerts in various driving situations shows the usefulness of this approach. The response time graph for the simulation of context IDAS is depicted and analysed. The effective performance of the driving scenarios in various modes like day and night for single, 2-way and 4-way road scenario for the best, worst and average cases of simulation had been studied. The system works in VANET scenario, which needs to be adaptive for environment changes and to vary according to the context. The presented approach shows the simulation that can be implemented to all vehicles in real time scenario with promising results.
Law and Mechanism Design: Procedures to Induce Honest Bargaining

A classic challenge in contract and property law is unstructured negotiation between two parties with asymmetric information (i.e., each party has different private information) under bilateral monopoly (each party must negotiate with the other to try to reach an agreement), which often leads to prohibitively high transaction costs and, if the parties fail to agree, social costs as well. In these situations, the law should incorporate principles of mechanism design, a methodology that employs structured procedures to give the parties incentives to reach agreement. In terms of contract theory, mechanisms constitute algorithmic altering rules that reduce if not eliminate inefficient transaction costs. We review two bargaining mechanisms that inherently elicit honesty by making it a dominant strategy and discuss two extensions for legal applications. In particular, we show that algorithmic procedures would reduce transaction costs and lead to more efficient bargaining in pretrial settlement negotiations and blockholder disclosure under section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The former is a straightforward application of mechanism design to a negotiation situation where the social externalities of non-agreement justify inducing the honest disclosure of reservation prices, or “bottom lines. ” The latter is an example of using mechanism design to facilitate negotiated settlements in situations presently subject to a suboptimal mandatory rule.
The Value of Ethnography: A pilot study of a class on pedagogical instruction

Participant observation ethnography as a primary methodology, while common in other areas of social science, has been underrepresented in Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) literature. In many studies, ethnography is used to supplement findings or address questions arrived at through other methodologies, whereas the present pilot study promotes its viability as a primary method. In the Fall of 2017, graduate student researchers (GSRs) and other staff at the “Teaching Center” (TC) used ethnographic methodology as a means of meeting the TC’s mandate for the 20172018 year. The TC wanted to gather data on the efficacy of the classes as well as the staff members’ own processes of curriculum design and implementation. By adopting participant observation ethnography, the GSRs provided data for the TC and also discovered the utility of ethnography as a tool for designing research questions. This paper has five core sections devoted to describing the pilot study. These sections cover the aims of the TC and the context in which this pilot study was developed; a review of SoTL literature and the presence of ethnography as a primary methodology within it; an outline of the development of the methods used in this study; and how ethnography served as a tool for designing subsequent research projects. It concludes by offering several recommendations and comments to SoTL practitioners who are considering using ethnographic methods in higher education.
AN INTELLIGENT SCHEDULER APPROACH TO MULTIPROCESSOR SCHEDULING OF APERIODIC TASKS

- This paper presents a new scheduler capable of scheduling aperiodic tasks at real time in multiprocessor system. The algorithm proposes a new way to determine dynamically tasks of high priority and low priority finding the elapsed execution time and remaining execution time, and the amount of resource availability and deadline of task, with no prior knowledge of task arrival time and also ensures that no processor remains ideal thus utilizing processors at all times. Keywords -remaining execution time, elapsed execution time.
Blood-brain barrier dysfunction in disorders of the developing brain

Disorders of the developing brain represent a major health problem. The neurological manifestations of brain lesions can range from severe clinical deficits to more subtle neurological signs or behavioral problems and learning disabilities, which often become evident many years after the initial damage. These long-term sequelae are due at least in part to central nervous system immaturity at the time of the insult. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain and maintains homeostasis. BBB alterations are observed during both acute and chronic brain insults. After an insult, excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters are released, causing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent changes in BBB permeability that allow immune cells to enter and stimulate an inflammatory response. The cytokines, chemokines and other molecules released as well as peripheral and local immune cells can activate an inflammatory cascade in the brain, leading to secondary neurodegeneration that can continue for months or even years and finally contribute to post-insult neuronal deficits. The role of the BBB in perinatal disorders is poorly understood. The inflammatory response, which can be either acute (e.g., perinatal stroke, traumatic brain injury) or chronic (e.g., perinatal infectious diseases) actively modulates the pathophysiological processes underlying brain injury. We present an overview of current knowledge about BBB dysfunction in the developing brain during acute and chronic insults, along with clinical and experimental data.
Design and Analysis of Wideband LNA using CMOS Technology

In this paper wideband CMOS low noise amplifier (LNA) is proposed by using the concept of mutual coupling technique through a symmetric-tap inductor. In this design of LNA intrinsic capacitance within a transistor are considered as a part of circuit. The total power consumption using T-coil network wideband low noise amplifier from 1.8V power supply is 4.5mW with 0. 18µm CMOS technology.
What is coreference, and what should coreference annotation be?

In this paper, it is argued that 'coreference annotation', as currently performed in the MUC community, goes well beyond annotation of the relation of coreference as it is commonly understood. As a result, it is not always clear what semantic relation these annotations are actually encoding. The paper discusses a number of interrelated problems with coreference annotation and concludes that rethinking of the coreference task is needed before the task can be expanded (e.g., to cover part/whole relations) as has recently been advocated. As a step towards solution of the problems with coreference annotation, one possible simplification of the annotation task is suggested. This strategy can be summed up by the phrase "Coreference annotation should annotate coreference relations, and coreference relations only".
Swordfish: an unsupervised Ngram based approach to morphological analysis

Extracting morphemes from words is a nontrivial task. Rule based stemming approaches such as Porter's algorithm have encountered some success, however they are restricted by their ability to identify a limited number of affixes and are language dependent. When dealing with languages with many affixes, rule based approaches generally require many more rules to deal with all the possible word forms. Deriving these rules requires a larger effort on the part of linguists and in some instances can be simply impractical. We propose an unsupervised ngram based approach, named Swordfish. Using ngram probabilities in the corpus, possible morphemes are identified. We look at two possible methods for identifying candidate morphemes, one using joint probabilities between two ngrams, and the second based on log odds between prefix probabilities. Initial results indicate the joint probability approach to be better for English while the prefix ratio approach is better for Finnish and Turkish.
Extensive Analysis of GmFTL and GmCOL Expression in Northern Soybean Cultivars in Field Conditions

The FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene is a highly conserved florigen gene among flowering plants. Soybean genome encodes six homologs of FT, which display flowering activity in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, their contributions to flowering time in different soybean cultivars, especially in field conditions, are unclear. We employed six soybean cultivars with different maturities to extensively investigate expression patterns of GmFTLs (Glycine max FT-like) and GmCOLs (Glycine max CO-like) in the field conditions. The results show that GmFTL3 is an FT homolog with the highest transcript abundance in soybean, but other GmFTLs may also contribute to flower induction with different extents, because they have more or less similar expression patterns in developmental-, leaf-, and circadian-specific modes. And four GmCOL genes (GmCOL1/2/5/13) may confer to the expression of GmFTL genes. Artificial manipulation of GmFTL expression by transgenic strategy (overexpression and RNAi) results in a distinct change in soybean flowering time, indicating that GmFTLs not only impact on the control of flowering time, but have potential applications in the manipulation of photoperiodic adaptation in soybean. Additionally, transgenic plants show that GmFTLs play a role in formation of the first flowers and in vegetative growth.