Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mapping of the Upper Limb Work-Space: Benchmarking Four Wrist Smoothness Metrics

Smoothness is a commonly used measure of motion control. Physiological motion is characterized by high smoothness in the upper limb workspace. Moreover, there is evidence that smoothness-based models describe effectively skilled motion planning. Typical smoothness measures are based on wrist kinematics. Despite smoothness being often used as a measure of motor control and to evaluate clinical pathologies, so far, a smoothness map is not available for the whole workspace of the upper limb. In this work, we provide a map of the upper limb workspace comparing four smoothness metrics: the normalized jerk, the speed metric, the spectral arc length, and the number of speed peaks. Fifteen subjects were enrolled, performing several reaching movements in the upper limb workspace in multiple directions in five planes (frontal, left, right, horizontal and up). Smoothness of the wrist of each movement was computed and a 3D workspace map was reconstructed. The four smoothness metrics were in general accordance. Lower smoothness was found in the less dexterous sectors (up and left sectors), with respect to the frontal, horizontal, and right sectors. The number of speed peaks, frequently used for evaluating motion in neurological diseases, was instead not suitable for assessing movements of healthy subjects. Lastly, strong correlation was found especially between the normalized jerk and speed metric. These results can be used as a benchmark for motor control studies in various fields as well as clinical studies.
In Silico and In Vivo Evaluation of microRNA-181c-5p’s Role in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a fatal disease, accounting for 75–85% of primary liver cancers. The conclusive research on miR-181c-5p’s role in hepatocarcinogenesis, whether it has oncogenic effects or acts as a tumor repressor, is limited and fluctuating. Therefore, the current study aimed to elucidate the role of miR-181c-5p in HCC in silico and in vivo. The bioinformatics analysis of miR-181c-5p expression data in HCC using several databases strongly shed light on its involvement in HCC development, but also confirmed the fluctuating data around its role. miR-181c-5p was proven here to have an oncogenic role by increasing HepG2 cells’ viability as confirmed by MTT analysis. In addition, miR-181c-5p was upregulated in the HCC positive control group and progressed the HCC development and malignant features by its forced expression in an HCC mouse model by targeted delivery using a LA-PAMAM polyplex. This is indicated by the cancerous gross and histological features, and the significant increase in liver function biomarkers. The functional enrichment bioinformatics analyses of miR-181c-5p-downregulated targets in HCC indicated that miR-181c-5p targets were significantly enriched in multiple pathways and biological processes involved in HCC development. Fbxl3, an example for miR-181c-5p potential targets, downregulation and its correlation with miR-181c-5p were validated by qPCR. In conclusion, miR-181c-5p is upregulated in HCC and has an oncogenic role enhancing HCC progression.
A Variable Step Size Blind Equalization Algorithm Based on Gamma Distribution

A variable step size Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA) based on the gamma distribution is implemented as solutions to optimize the problem of blind equalization. The factor of step size in blind equalization algorithm is varied with gamma variable, in terms of the characteristics of which, the algorithm can search for the globe optimal equalizer weight vector. Simulation results indicate that the convergence rate and the steady Mean Square Errors (MSE) performances of the algorithm proposed are much better than conventional CMA and modified CMA blind equalization algorithms.
Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Following Cytoreductive Surgery for Colorectal Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Patients: A Review

Colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis (CPC) is an advanced malignancy and is typically associated with a poor prognosis. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) following complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS) is a novel, advanced loco-regional treatment for colorectal cancer that is currently being used to treat peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). The present review aims to describe the evidence-based literature on the efficacy and safety of this treatment approach in patients with PC originating from colorectal cancer and to summarize its complications. All published literature regarding the efficacy of HIPEC for the treatment of CPC was reviewed; 16 studies were included in this paper. The overall survival rate for the HIPEC group ranged from 63% to 93%. The overall median survival for the HIPEC and non-HIPEC groups ranged from 13 to 60.1 months and 12.6 to 41.2 months, respectively. The overall median survival of patients in the HIPEC group was comparatively better than those in the non-HIPEC group. There was insufficient evidence to suggest whether this treatment regimen was associated with a high or low morbidity rate in comparison to other groups. However, the mortality rate associated with this treatment regimen was low. In conclusion, the present data provide insufficient evidence regarding the beneficial effects of using HIPEC following CRS treatment. Therefore, further studies are required to determine the benefits of HIPEC for CPC patients.
The equivalence of 2DLPP to LPP and (2D)2LPP for face recognition

2DLPP is a valid dimensions reduction method which directly extracts feature from image matrix and can detect the intrinsic manifold structure of data by preserving the local information of training data. We analyze the relation between 2DLPP and LPP. We demonstrate they are equivalent on some special conditions. Conventional 2DLPP is working in the row direction of images. We proposed an alternative 2DLPP which is working in the column direction of images. By simultaneously considering the row and column directions, we develop the two-directional 2DLPP, i.e. (2D)2LPP. The proposed method not only extracts feature with lower dimension than 2DLPP, but also take full advantage of row and column structure information of images. Experiment results on two standard face databases demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A typology of rural public places, on examples from Eastern Poland

The paper proposes a typology of rural public places currently functioning in the social life of villages that indicates how this system is distinct from the public space of cities or even suburban villages. The research was conducted using the method of interviews in 21 villages in eastern Poland. The result of the analyses is a typology that includes eight basic types of rural public places: Multifunctional village squares; Grocery surroundings; Other service facilities surroundings; Sacred sites; Village streets; Neighborhood space; Recreational places; Semi-natural places. Most of them are unintentionally created places. The research shows that multifunctional places – both central and typically recreational – are crucial for rural areas, while semi-natural places are the most characteristic. However, due to the specific character of the rural landscape and rural community, we did not find any basis for distinguishing a separate category including arranged greenery, representative places or club spaces.
Operators on Banach lattices and the Radon-Nikodým theorem

For positive operators between Banach lattices a concept of absolute continuity is considered. On an AM-space with order unit norm, S is shown to be absolutely continuous with respect to T if and only if there is an approximation of S by finite sums of operators of the type q o T o h where h and q are multiplication operators or orthomorphisms. Given T compact, compactness of S is characterized. For positive operators S and T from a Dedekind complete Banach lattice E to a Banach lattice F, a concept of absolute continuity is considered. It is shown that for AM-spaces with order unit norm, S is "r-absolutely continuous" with respect to T if and only if S can be approximated by finite sums of operators of the type q o T o h where h and q are orthomorphisms on E and F respectively. The symbol "o" denotes composition so that for f E E, (q o T o h)(f) = q(T(h(f))). In particular E will be identified with functions on a topological space X and h will be identified with a multiplication by a function on X, again denoted by h, so that (hf )(x) = h(x) f (x) for x E X, and similarly for q. The operators r-absolutely continuous with respect to T contain the operators less than or equal to a multiple of T. Theorem 3 relating compactness of S to that of T might be contrasted to a theorem of Dodds and Fremlin (see [3 or 4]) which states, in the presence of order continuous norms in E' and F, that the compactness of T implies the compactness of S 0 in E. This was studied in the setting of Dedekind complete Riesz spaces. We will consider the following analogue in the setting of Banach lattices. We define S to be topologically absolutely continuous with respect to T (or rabsolutely continuous) if for each positive element f in E the element of Sf is in the closure of the order ideal generated by Tf. The condition S less than or equal to a multiple of T implies r-absolutely continuous which in turn implies absolutely continuous (in the sense of Luxemburg). Let C(X) denote the Banach lattice of all continuous real-valued functions on a compact Hausdorff topological space X endowed with the supremum norm (11 lloo) For linear functionals on C(X), given X extremally disconnected (equivalently, C(X) Dedekind complete), both concepts of absolute continuity coincide with the usual notion of absolute continuity for measures. The extremally disconnected assumption will be needed for the proof of the following proposition and in turn for Received by the editors February 10, 1986 and, in revised form, May 5, 1986. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification (1985 Revision). Primary 46B30; Secondary 47B05, 54C40. 1987 American Mathematical Society 0002-9939/87 $1.00 + $. 25 per page
Protection of Hearing Loss in Ototoxic Mouse Model Through SPIONs and Dexamethasone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticle Delivery by Magnetic Attraction

Background Ototoxicity currently has no available treatment other than medication withdrawal as soon as toxicity is suspected. The human inner ear organs have little potential for regeneration; thus, ototoxicity-induced hair cell injury is deemed permanent. Dexamethasone (Dexa) is a synthetic steroid analog that has significant potential for otoprotection in the treatment of various inner ear diseases; however, its low absorption into the inner ear prevents significant recovery of function. Nanoparticles facilitate targeted drug delivery, stabilize drug release, and increase half-life of the drug. Methods This study aimed to develop poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and Dexa (PSD-NPs) to control localized drug delivery by magnetic attraction in the treatment of ototoxicity-induced hearing loss. PSD-NPs and without SPIONs (PD-NPs) were prepared using a nanoprecipitation method. Results Using an inner ear simulating system, we confirmed that PSD-NPs has an otoprotective effect in organotypic culture that is enhanced by magnetic attraction. PSD-NPs delivered via intrabullar injection in a magnetic field penetrated the inner ear and prevented hearing loss progression to a greater degree than equivalent doses of Dexa or PSD-NPs alone (day 28: ototoxic: 80.0 ± 0.0 dB; Dexa 100: 60.0 ± 15.5 dB; PSD 100: 50.0 ± 8.2 dB; PSD 100 with magnet: 22.5 ± 5.0 dB; P < 0.05). The protective effects were confirmed in various in vivo and in vitro models of ototoxicity. Conclusion Our findings suggest that SPIONs with Dexa and magnetic field application prevent the progression of ototoxicity-induced hearing loss through anti-apoptotic mechanisms in the inner ear.
The Role of Cell-Free DNA in Cancer Treatment Decision Making

Simple Summary The aim of this review is to evaluate the present status of the use of cell-free DNA and its fraction of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) because this year July 2022, an ESMO guideline was published regarding the application of ctDNA in patient care. In the near future the data obtained from ctDNA may routinely be used for finding minimal residual disease, detecting relapse, determining either the unknown primary tumor, or the site of metastases. It can also be used for deciding upon the appropriate efficiency of the therapy and/or emerging resistance to the therapy. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the potentials and the limitations of the assays. Of course, several open questions are still under research and as a result, cfDNA and ctDNA testing are not part of routine care yet. Abstract The aim of this review is to evaluate the present status of the use of cell-free DNA and its fraction of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) because this year July 2022, an ESMO guideline was published regarding the application of ctDNA in patient care. This review is for clinical oncologists to explain the concept, the terms used, the pros and cons of ctDNA; thus, the technical aspects of the different platforms are not reviewed in detail, but we try to help in navigating the current knowledge in liquid biopsy. Since the validated and adequately sensitive ctDNA assays have utility in identifying actionable mutations to direct targeted therapy, ctDNA may be used for this soon in routine clinical practice and in other different areas as well. The cfDNA fragments can be obtained by liquid biopsy and can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and selecting among treatment options in cancer patients. A great proportion of cfDNA comes from normal cells of the body or from food uptake. Only a small part (<1%) of it is related to tumors, originating from primary tumors, metastatic sites, or circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Soon the data obtained from ctDNA may routinely be used for finding minimal residual disease, detecting relapse, and determining the sites of metastases. It might also be used for deciding appropriate therapy, and/or emerging resistance to the therapy and the data analysis of ctDNA may be combined with imaging or other markers. However, to achieve this goal, further clinical validations are inevitable. As a result, clinicians should be aware of the limitations of the assays. Of course, several open questions are still under research and because of it cfDNA and ctDNA testing are not part of routine care yet.
Highly Efficient Smart 3-Coil Wireless Power Transfer System with Automatic Tracking

This paper presents the design of a highly efficient smart wireless powering platform based on object detection algorithm. Power transfer efficiency (PTE) and power-delivered-to-the-load (PDL) are two key parameters used to evaluate the performance of the proposed design. A 3-coil inductive link is used to achieve higher PTE than a 2-coil link when coupled at a considerable distance. The simple design methodology employed enables an optimised geometry for the 3-coil link. The optimised 3-coil link achieves a PTE of 62.1% in measurements. A wireless power transfer system is constructed with a Class-E primary coil driver with 60.6% efficiency. A camera-based tracking system is implemented to maintain the transfer link robustness under changing coupling conditions. The You Only Look Once version.4 (YOLO4) algorithm is used to detect the moving receiver with 71% accuracy and 0.2s response time, and stepper motors controlled by an Arduino process drive the transmitter coil to track the moving receiver coil.
Too late to trans-late? On belatedness and translation

ABSTRACT The paper investigates the specific temporal modality of translation identified in the phenomenon of belatedness or delay. As the departure point, it takes Walter Benjamin’s claim that a translation comes later than the original, proposing a literal reading (translation) of the term ‘later’, später. Firstly, I argue that translation cannot be reduced to a mere chronological posteriority and that only a focus on its structural lateness and an intensification of such a lateness can offer an insight into the historical nature of translation. Embracing the Benjaminian perspective, the paper tackles various issues entangled with the theme of belatedness, such as the transformation of the original, anticipation of the future and retroaction on the past. In the final part, the paper shortly discusses the affinity between philosophy and translation through discourse of belatedness.
Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition enhances production of specialized pro‐resolving lipid mediator and promotes macrophage plasticity

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and other epoxy fatty acids (EpFA) are lipid mediators that are rapidly inactivated by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Uncontrolled and chronic inflammatory disorders fail to sufficiently activate endogenous regulatory pathways, including the production of specialized pro‐resolving mediators (SPMs). Here, we addressed the relationship between SPMs and the EET/sEH axis and explored the effects of sEH inhibition on resolving macrophage phenotype.
Dual Task Monophonic Singing Transcription

Automatic music transcription with note level output is a current task in the field of music information retrieval. In contrast to the piano case with very good results using available large datasets, transcription of non-professional singing has been rarely investigated with deep learning approaches because of the lack of note level annotated datasets. In this work, two datasets are created concerning amateur singing recordings, one for training (synthetic singing dataset) and one for the evaluation task (SingReal dataset). The synthetic training dataset is generated by synthesizing a large scale of vocal melodies from artificial songs. Because the evaluation should represent a realistic scenario, the SingReal dataset is created from real recordings of non-professional singers. To transcribe singing notes, a new method called Dual Task Monophonic Singing Transcription is proposed, which divides the problem of singing transcription into the two subtasks onset detection and pitch estimation, realized by two small independent neural networks. This approach achieves a note level F1 score of 74.19% on the SingReal dataset, outperforming all state of the art transcription systems investigated with at least 3.5% improvement. Furthermore, Dual Task Monophonic Singing Transcription can be adapted very easily to the real-time transcription case.
Mental practice for laparoscopic salpingectomy

Abstract Mental practice (MP) is a method of enhancing surgical training by rehearsal of a task without physical action. The primary objective of the study was to develop and validate a MP tool for laparoscopic salpingectomy (LS). An imagery script for LS was developed and used to facilitate a structured MP session for trainees in Obstetrics and Gynaecology and expert gynaecologists across three teaching hospitals in the UK. A virtual platform was used for one trainee group to assess its feasibility compared to a face-to-face approach. Pre- and post-session assessments were conducted to evaluate the impact of the script on motivation, confidence, preparedness and quality of imagery and demonstrated a significant improvement in global imagery scores for both novice groups. The expert group scored significantly higher than the face-to-face novice group on all items both before and after MP, indicating construct validity. There were no significant differences demonstrated between the two novice groups, thus demonstrating the virtual platform to be a non-inferior approach – an important consideration in the current COVID era. Graphical Abstract Impact statement What is already known on this subject? Mental practice has been used most commonly in sports and music. Increasingly, it has been utilised in surgical settings and prior studies have demonstrated a positive impact on surgical performance. In gynaecology, a mental practice tool for total abdominal hysterectomy has previously been developed. What the results of this study add? This study adds to the growing literature on use of MP in surgical education by successfully developing and validating a mental practice technique for laparoscopic salpingectomy. Additionally, a virtual approach was tested and found to be non-inferior to the traditional face-to-face approach. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This tool can be used as a training aid for novice gynaecologists learning laparoscopic salpingectomy. Notably, use of this tool via a virtual platform is feasible and effective. Further research is required to continue to optimise the MP technique protocol and evaluate its effects on clinical practice.
Detection of Association Features Based on Gene Eigenvalues and MRI Imaging Using Genetic Weighted Random Forest

In the studies of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), jointly analyzing imaging data and genetic data provides an effective method to explore the potential biomarkers of AD. AD can be separated into healthy controls (HC), early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI), late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI) and AD. In the meantime, identifying the important biomarkers of AD progression, and analyzing these biomarkers in AD provide valuable insights into understanding the mechanism of AD. In this paper, we present a novel data fusion method and a genetic weighted random forest method to mine important features. Specifically, we amplify the difference among AD, LMCI, EMCI and HC by introducing eigenvalues calculated from the gene p-value matrix for feature fusion. Furthermore, we construct the genetic weighted random forest using the resulting fused features. Genetic evolution is used to increase the diversity among decision trees and the decision trees generated are weighted by weights. After training, the genetic weighted random forest is analyzed further to detect the significant fused features. The validation experiments highlight the performance and generalization of our proposed model. We analyze the biological significance of the results and identify some significant genes (CSMD1, CDH13, PTPRD, MACROD2 and WWOX). Furthermore, the calcium signaling pathway, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and the glutamatergic synapse pathway were identified. The investigational findings demonstrate that our proposed model presents an accurate and efficient approach to identifying significant biomarkers in AD.
Consistent estimation of the asymptotic covariance structure of multivariate serial correlation

Abstract. A method is proposed for estimating, in a consistent way, the asymptotic covariance structure of serial correlations for a multivariate second‐order stationary process. To obtain a consistent estimator of this structure, which is also of the non‐negative definite type, results relative to the scalar case are generalized. The method consists in weighting appropriately the elements of the sample autocorrelation matrices in a generalization of Bartlett's formula so that the estimator converges in probability. Several useful applications of the results of the paper are mentioned. Copyright © 1991, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved