Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Generalized Fitting Subsystem of a Fusion System

The notion of a fusion system was first defined and explored by Puig, in the context of modular representation theory. Later, Broto, Levi, and Oliver extended the theory and used it as a tool in homotopy theory. The author seeks to build a local theory of fusion systems, analogous to the local theory of finite groups, involving normal subsystems and factor systems. Among other results, he defines the notion of a simple system, the generalized Fitting subsystem of a fusion system, and prove the L-balance theorem of Gorenstein and Walter for fusion systems. He defines a notion of composition series and composition factors and proves a Jordon-Holder theorem for fusion systems. |The notion of a fusion system was first defined and explored by Puig, in the context of modular representation theory. Later, Broto, Levi, and Oliver extended the theory and used it as a tool in homotopy theory. The author seeks to build a local theory of fusion systems, analogous to the local theory of finite groups, involving normal subsystems and factor systems. Among other results, he defines the notion of a simple system, the generalized Fitting subsystem of a fusion system, and prove the L-balance theorem of Gorenstein and Walter for fusion systems. He defines a notion of composition series and composition factors and proves a Jordon-Holder theorem for fusion systems.
Perceived Information Overload and Intention to Discontinue Use of Short-Form Video: The Mediating Roles of Cognitive and Psychological Factors

The current study investigated the effects of Chinese young adult users’ perceived information overload (i.e., the daily perception of exposure to excessive information) on their intention to stop using short-form video applications. Specifically, this study accomplished this by measuring the direct and indirect effects of social media fatigue, maladaptive coping, and life dissatisfaction in relation to users’ intention to discontinue their use of short-form video applications. The data were collected using a web-based survey and validated questionnaire, with a sample of 340 young adult (18–26 years old) respondents. The results indicated that perceived information overload had a direct effect on the intention to discontinue the use of short-form video applications. Moreover, short-form video fatigue, maladaptive coping, and life dissatisfaction all played mediating roles in the relationship between perceived information overload and the intention to discontinue the use of short-form video applications among young adults in China.
The numerical simulation of a typical fluid‐structure interaction problem

To determine the dynamic response of a structure under the influence of the fluid flow one must solve a coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational structural dynamics (CSD) mathematical problem. This paper presents the comparison of two methods for the calculation of the fluid‐structure interaction. The first one is of explicit‐implicit type and uses a staggered time advancement of the fluid and structure problems. The second uses a fully implicit discretization in the physical time of the fluid‐structure equations and an explicit advancement in the dual‐time. The physical fluid‐structure problem is accompanied by the equations of the mesh motion, which are written as for a pseudo‐structural system with its own dynamics. Representative numerical results are presented for the two degrees of freedom tipical section in unsteady transonic flow. (© 2009 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Examining Users’ Contribution in Open Source Software Communities

ABSTRACT Open source software (OSS) communities rely on the high-quality codes contributed by community members. However, users often tend to acquire codes from the community and are reluctant to contribute their knowledge. Integrating the motivational theory and social capital theory, this article intends to explore users’ contribution in OSS communities. A mixed method of SEM and fsQCA was used to perform data analysis. We found that intrinsic motivations (flow experience and self-efficacy), extrinsic motivations (perceived reputation and reciprocity), social interaction ties, community identification, and common language positively affect users’ contribution intention. Trust has no effect on the contribution intention. The fsQCA results indicated that flow experience, perceived reputation, reciprocity and trust are the common core conditions of four configurations leading to contribution intention. The results suggest that OSS communities need to be concerned with users’ motivations and develop social capital in order to encourage their contribution.
Multiple Task Resource Allocation Considering QoS in Energy Harvesting Systems

Most approaches to resource allocation in energy harvesting systems for Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks do not consider real-time periodic task allocation with Quality of Service (QoS). This article studies the offline 2-D optimization problem for allocating randomly harvested energy flowing causally between slots into different real-time periodic tasks on an IoT device. We formulate an energy allocation problem, for tasks with different energy costs and requested QoS, which aims to maximize a convex reward function subject to energy causality (EC), energy saturation (ES) and task executable (TE) constraints within a certain length of time. We decouple the optimization problem into two subproblems after analysis. First, we propose a novel method to allocate energy to slots based on the Karush–Kuhn–Tucher conditions only considering the EC & ES constraints. The proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art “Tunnel Policy,” based on geometric programming. Next, an adaption is made to satisfy the TE constraints by allocating in the original constant power slots directly without iteratively checking the wasted energy. Finally, the energy already allocated to slots is put into tasks to complete the 2-D allocation. The effectiveness of the proposed methods and task framework are validated by extensive experiments.
Semiprimality and Nilpotency of Nonassociative Rings Satisfying x(yz) = y(zx)

In this article we study nonassociative rings satisfying the polynomial identity x(yz) = y(zx), which we call “cyclic rings. ” We prove that every semiprime cyclic ring is associative and commutative and that every cyclic right-nilring is solvable. Moreover, we find sufficient conditions for the nilpotency of cyclic right-nilrings and apply these results to obtain sufficient conditions for the nilpotency of cyclic right-nilalgebras.
Stereo matching based on phase congruency corner detector

Feature point matching is the most common one among all kinds of stereo matching. However, since feature points are unique, the disparity map through feature matching is also sparse. In this paper, proposed a dense disparity estimation method that combines the reliability of feature-based correspondence methods and a reliable feature operator. The new operator uses the principal moments of the phase congruency information to determine corner information. The resulting corner operator is highly localized and has responses that are invariant to image contrast. This results in reliable feature detection under varying illumination conditions with fixed thresholds. Selecting those feature points that allow left-right correspondence based on phase correlation surrounding each point. And use the sparse correspondences at feature points as a constraint to control the computation of dense disparity via regularized block matching that minimizes matching and disparity smoothness errors. Experimental results show that this method can eliminate many kinds of outliers effectively.
High-harmonic ICRF heating experiments in JT-60

A review of the results from JT-60 ICRF heating experiments is presented. The JT-60 ICRF experiments (120 and 131 MHz) are characterized by higher-harmonic heating with phase control of the compact 2*2 loop antenna array. Second-harmonic heating is most intensively investigated with antenna phase control for various cases where the resonant species (hydrogen) are either a majority component or a minority component, and with or without hydrogen HBI heating. It is found that antenna phase control plays a key role in optimizing antenna power injection characteristics as well as heating efficiency. The out-of-phase mode (( pi ,0) mode) can avoid RF sheath and parametric decay instabilities which cause harmful effects on antenna power injection capability with the in-phase mode ((0,0 ) mode) is some operating conditions. The incremental energy confinement time ( tau Einc) of the ( pi ,0) mode is about 50% better than that of the (0,0) mode. Minority hydrogen second-harmonic heating with ( pi ,0) phasing in helium discharges shows the best results over a wide range of electron densities (ne=2.5-6.5*1019 m-3) and plasma currents (Ip=1.5-2.4 MA (qa=4.2-2.6)). The best confinement enhancement factor ( tau E/ tau E(L-mode)) is 1.3, which is obtained with ohmic target plasmas. Higher-harmonic beam ion acceleration is observed up to fourth harmonics in a combined ICRF (( pi ,0) mode) and NBI heating scenario. Strong central-electron heating associated with beam ion acceleration is observed in combined third-harmonic ICRF and NBI heating.
Selection of pedagogical conditions for training STEM teachers to use augmented reality technologies in their work

The focus of the study is on choosing the pedagogical conditions that will best prepare STEM teachers to utilize augmented reality tools in their classrooms. 20 conditions were initially proposed during a brainstorming session and were then sorted into five groups: (1) conditions relating to the material support of the educational process, (2) methods and forms of training, (3) best practices for utilizing augmented reality in education, (4) unique circumstances made in order to achieve the goal of training STEM teachers; and (5) conditions relating to the psychological and pedagogical support of students. A survey was conducted with 94 participants to determine the importance of these conditions. The processing of the survey data allowed for the selection of the following conditions: (a) accessibility of immersive digital educational resources for STEM teachers and mobile hardware for augmented reality (laptops, tablets, smartphones, augmented reality glasses, etc.), (b) inclusion of augmented reality-related topics in STEM teachers’ curricula, (c) use of research methodologies and interactive technologies in the STEM classroom, (d) having hands-on experience with the use of augmented reality technologies in STEM instruction.
On the convergence of solutions of the Leray-$\alpha $ model to the trajectory attractor of the 3D Navier-Stokes system

We study the relations between the global dynamics of the 3D Leray-$\alpha $ model and the 3D Navier-Stokes system. We prove that time shifts of bounded sets of solutions of the Leray-$\alpha $ model converges to the trajectory attractor of the 3D Navier-Stokes system as time tends to infinity and $ \alpha $ approaches zero. In particular, we show that the trajectory attractor of the Leray-$\alpha $ model converges to the trajectory attractor of the 3D Navier-Stokes system when $\alpha \rightarrow 0\+. $
Sugar Sweetened and Artificially Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Study

Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is a highly fatal malignancy with few modifiable risk and prognostic factors. This study investigates the association between cola, diet cola, and non-cola soft drink consumption and PanCa risk and mortality. A retrospective study was conducted using data from the Patient Epidemiology Data System (1982–1998) at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center (Buffalo, NY, USA), including 213 PanCa patients and 852 cancer-free controls. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, including a 46-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of cola, diet cola, and non-cola soft drink consumption and PanCa risk. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs of cola, diet cola, and non-cola soft drink consumption and PanCa mortality. Stratified analyses were conducted by sex, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status. We observed significant 55% increased odds of PanCa among patients consuming ≥1 regular cola per day (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.01–2.39). We also observed non-significant 38% increased hazard of mortality among patients consuming ≥1 regular cola per day (HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 0.91–2.07). We conclude that regular cola consumption is a modifiable lifestyle that may be associated with PanCa risk and mortality following diagnosis.
Nonparametric Estimation of Distribution Function using Bezier Curve

Abstract In this paper we suggest an eﬃcient method to estimate the distribution function using the Bezier curve,and compare it with existing methods by simulation studies. In addition, we suggest a robust version of cross-validation criterion to estimate the number of Bezier points, and showed that the proposed method is better thanthe existing methods based on simulation studies.Keywords: Bezier points, cross validation, mean integrated square error, smoothing techniques. 1. Introduction Nonparametric methods are often used to estimate the density function of a distribution functionbecause parametric methods are unrealistic and too restrictive to satisfy a prespeciﬁed distribution.For the nonparametric estimation of density function, the best references are Silverman (1986), Eu-bank(1988),Loader(1999)andWasserman(2006). Asnonparametricdensityestimation,kerneltypesmoothingiswidelyused. TheBeziercurve(Bezier,1977)smoothing(regardedasoneofkernel-typeapproaches) is another nonparametric method to estimate density function and regression function. Incomputationalgraphics(especiallyforthecomputer-aided-geometricdesign)Beziercurvesmoothingis popular; however, it rarely used in statistics. Kim (1996) applied a Bezier curve to density estima-tion for the ﬁrst time in statistics and Kim
Ultralow-Phase-Noise Microstrip Oscillator Based on Quasi-Bandpass Frequency Selection Network With Multiple Transmission Zeros

This article proposes a microstrip feedback-type oscillator incorporating a novel quasi-bandpass frequency selection network (FSN) for low phase noise (PN) operation. Through introducing direct source/load coupling between two coupled quarter-wavelength resonators, the FSN can theoretically realize a canonical second-order general Chebyshev bandpass response with two transmission zeros. Furthermore, the feedlines with short-circuited ends are specifically designed to generate more transmission zeros. Accordingly, this FSN is featured by quasi- bandpass response with multiple transmission zeros, so that high group delay and good out-of-band performance are achieved. Such feature plays an important role in the oscillator performance. As demonstration, one oscillator example was fabricated and measured. Its operating frequency is 1.98 GHz, the PN is −129.85 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz, the output power is 9.61 dBm, and the second harmonic suppression (SHS) reaches 48.21 dBc. All these indexes outperform those of all the other oscillators, and our reported PN is the lowest one in S-band up to now.
Content Caching in Mobile Edge Computing Based on User Location and Preferences Using Cosine Similarity and Collaborative Filtering

High-speed internet has boosted clients’ traffic needs. Content caching on mobile edge computing (MEC) servers reduces traffic and latency. Caching with MEC faces difficulties such as user mobility, limited storage, varying user preferences, and rising video streaming needs. The current content caching techniques consider user mobility and content popularity to improve the experience. However, no present solution addresses user preferences and mobility, affecting caching decisions. We propose mobility- and user-preferences-aware caching for MEC. Using time series, the proposed system finds mobility patterns and groups nearby trajectories. Using cosine similarity and CF, we predict and cache user-requested content. CF predicts the popularity of grouped-based content to improve the cache hit ratio and reduce delay compared to baseline techniques.
The steady-states of a multi-compartment, age–size distribution model of cell-growth

A model of cell-growth, describing the evolution of the age–size distribution of cells in different phases of cell-growth, is studied. The model is based on that used in several papers by Basse et al. and is composed of a system of partial differential equations, each describing the changes in the age–size distribution of cells in a specific phase of cell-growth. Here, the ‘age’ of a cell is considered to be the time spent in its current phase of cell-growth, while ‘size’ is considered to be the DNA content of the cell. The existence of steady age–size distributions (SASDs), where the age–size distributions retain the same shape but are scaled up or down as time increases, is investigated and it is shown that SASDs exist. A speculative discussion of the stability of these SASDs is also included, but their stability is not conclusively proved.
Ocean dynamics and biological feedbacks limit the potential of macroalgae carbon dioxide removal

In combination with drastic emission reduction cuts, limiting global warming below 1.5 °C or 2 °C requires atmospheric carbon dioxide removal (CDR) of up to 16 GtCO2 yr−1 by 2050. Among CDR solutions, ocean afforestation through macroalgae cultivation is considered promising due to high rates of productivity and environmental co-benefits. We modify a high-resolution ocean biogeochemical model to simulate the consumption of dissolved inorganic carbon and macronutrients by idealised macroalgal cultivation in Exclusive Economic Zones. Under imposed macroalgal production of 0.5 PgC yr−1 with no nutrient feedbacks, physicochemical processes are found to limit the enhancement in the ocean carbon sink to 0.39 PgC yr−1 (1.43 GtCO2 yr−1), corresponding to CDR efficiency of 79%. Only 0.22 PgC yr−1 (56%) of this air–sea carbon flux occurs in the regions of macroalgae cultivation, posing potential issues for measurement, reporting, and verification. When additional macronutrient limitations and feedbacks are simulated, the realised macroalgal production rate drops to 0.37 PgC yr−1 and the enhancement in the air–sea carbon flux to 0.21 PgC yr−1 (0.79 GtCO yr−1), or 58% of the macroalgal net production. This decrease in CDR efficiency is a consequence of a deepening in the optimum depth of macroalgal production and a reduction in phytoplankton production due to reduced nitrate and phosphate availability. At regional scales, the decrease of phytoplankton productivity can even cause a net reduction in the oceanic carbon sink. Although additional modelling efforts are required, Eastern boundary upwelling systems and regions of the Northeast Pacific and the Southern Ocean are revealed as potentially promising locations for efficient macroalgae-based CDR. Despite the CDR potential of ocean afforestation, our simulations indicate potential negative impacts on marine food webs with reductions in phytoplankton primary production of up to −40 gC m−2 yr−1 in the eastern tropical Pacific.
Modulation effect on rotor-stator interaction subjected to fluctuating rotation speed in a centrifugal pump

In the paper, the modulation effect of rotor-stator interaction subjected to fluctuating rotation speed is investigated numerically. A quasi-bivariate variable mode decomposition method for analyzing non-stationary flow fields is proposed for the first time. Different from the previous studies, this paper emphasizes the local features of the transient flow field at fluctuating rotation speed. The results show that the impact of fluctuating rotation speed on the impeller force is limited, but it significantly impacts the pressure pulsation at fluctuating frequency. The correlation between amplitude and fluctuation ratio is positive. Meanwhile, the fluctuating rotation speed also induces sidebands centered on the blade passing frequency and its harmonics. The periodic changes in rotational speed lead to frequency and amplitude modulation of pressure pulsations. The magnitude of the instantaneous frequency and amplitude increases as the fluctuation ratio grows. The change in pressure field is well synchronized with the rotational speed, while the change in velocity field lags behind the rotational speed. The variation of pressure field with rotational speed is mainly attributed to two aspects. One is the flow structure at the fluctuating frequency, and the other is the instantaneous component of the flow structure at blade passing frequency.
The Modelling of Ethernet Data and of Signals that are Heavy‐tailed with Infinite Variance *

We provide an overview of some of the research of the last ten years involving computer network data traffic. We describe the original Ethernet data study which suggested that computer traffic is inherently different from telephone traffic and that in the context of computer networks, self‐similar models such as fractional Brownian motion, should be used. We show that the on–off model can physically explain the presence of self‐similarity. While the on–off model involves bounded signals, it is also possible to consider arbitrary unbounded finite‐variance signals or even infinite‐variance signals whose distributions have heavy tails. We show that, in the latter case, one can still obtain self‐similar processes with dependent increments, but these are not the infinite‐variance fractional stable Lévy motions which have been commonly considered in the literature. The adequate model, in fact, can either have dependent or independent increments, and this depends on the respective size of two parameters, namely, the number of workstations in the network and the time scale under consideration. We indicate what happens when these two parameters become jointly asymptotically large. We conclude with some comments about high frequency behaviour and multifractals.
Role of the Neuroendocrine System of Marine Bivalves in Their Response to Hypoxia

Mollusks comprise one of the largest phylum of marine invertebrates. With their great diversity of species, various degrees of mobility, and specific behavioral strategies, they haveoccupied marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats and play key roles in many ecosystems. This success is explained by their exceptional ability to tolerate a wide range of environmental stresses, such as hypoxia. Most marine bivalvemollusksare exposed to frequent short-term variations in oxygen levels in their marine or estuarine habitats. This stressfactor has caused them to develop a wide variety of adaptive strategies during their evolution, enabling to mobilize rapidly a set of behavioral, physiological, biochemical, and molecular defenses that re-establishing oxygen homeostasis. The neuroendocrine system and its related signaling systems play crucial roles in the regulation of various physiological and behavioral processes in mollusks and, hence, can affect hypoxiatolerance. Little effort has been made to identify the neurotransmitters and genes involved in oxygen homeostasis regulation, and the molecular basis of the differences in the regulatory mechanisms of hypoxia resistance in hypoxia-tolerant and hypoxia-sensitive bivalve species. Here, we summarize current knowledge about the involvement of the neuroendocrine system in the hypoxia stress response, and the possible contributions of various signaling molecules to this process. We thusprovide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxic stress in bivalves, also making comparisons with data from related studies on other species.