Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relation of Parental Employment and Contextual Variables with Sexual Permissiveness and Gender Role Attitudes of Rural Early Adolescents

This study examined the relationships between parental employment variables, mediating contextual variables, early adolescent's permissive sexual attitudes and behaviors, and gender role traditionalism among 128 rural adolescents. Permissive sexual attitudes were related to permissive sexual behavior, but neither was related to gender role traditionalism. No relationship was found between mothers' employment and adolescents' sexual attitudes and behaviors. Similarly, the sexual attitudes, sexual behaviors, and traditionalism of the adolescents in this sample were not related to the employment variables of their parents, regardless of whether these variables were examined in bivariate or multivariate fashion. Adolescents' ages and perceptions of peer pressure were both positively related to sexual permissiveness, although these relationships appeared to be mediated by general parent-adolescent communication and parentadolescent communication about human sexuality. The only communication variable related to an occupational variable was communication with father, which was positively correlated with fathers' occupational status.
Diameter Base Protocol

The Diameter base protocol is intended to provide an Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) framework for applications such as network access or IP mobility. Diameter is also intended to work in both local Authentication, Authorization & Accounting and roaming situations. This document specifies the message format, transport, error reporting, accounting and security services to be used by all Diameter applications. The Diameter base application needs to be supported by all Diameter implementations.
Towards a Transcription System of Sign Language Video Resources via Motion Trajectory Factorisation

Sign languages are visual languages used by the Deaf community for communication purposes. Whilst recent years have seen a high growth in the quantity of sign language video collections available online, much of this material is hard to access and process due to the lack of associated text-based tagging information and because 'extracting' content directly from video is currently still a very challenging problem. Also limited is the support for the representation and documentation of sign language video resources in terms of sign writing systems. In this paper, we start with a brief survey of existing sign language technologies and we assess their state of the art from the perspective of a sign language digital information processing system. We then introduce our work, focusing on vision-based sign language recognition. We apply the factorisation method to sign language videos in order to factor out the signer's motion from the structure of the hands. We then model the motion of the hands in terms of a weighted combination of linear trajectory basis and apply a set of classifiers on the basis weights for the purpose of recognising meaningful phonological elements of sign language. We demonstrate how these classification results can be used for transcribing sign videos into a written representation for annotation and documentation purposes. Results from our evaluation process indicate the validity of our proposed framework.
Assessment of parenting practices in families of elementary school-age children

Tested multimethod and multi-informant assessment of parenting practices in families of clinic-referred children between the ages of 6 and 13 (n = 124) and in families of community volunteer children (n = 36) who were comparable to the clinic group on age and sex of child, family ethnicity, and parental marital status. In general, children's report was no1 useful for assessing the parenting constructs using either a global report format or multiple telephone interviews. This was especially true for younger children (below age 9) and for child report on the telephone interviews, whereby children tended to respond using a consistent response set. In contrast, both assessment formats for obtaining parental report showed good utility. Reports from parents (in most cases the child's mother) generally were not strongly associated with measures of socially desirable responding, and parental report showed expected age trends and expected associations with socioeconomic status. Most important, both parental report.
Some insults are more difficult to ignore: The embodied insult Stroop effect

The primary purpose of the present research was to examine whether bodily (i.e., sensorimotor-derived) knowledge influences processing of insults. We presented more embodied insults (e.g., asswipe), less embodied insults (e.g., cheapskate), and noninsults (e.g., hardwood) in two Stroop tasks. Results from multiple regression analyses showed that (1) there was an insult Stroop effect, in which colour-naming latencies were slower to the insult than to the noninsult stimuli, and (2) bodily experience ratings accounted for a significant amount of unique colour-naming latency variability for insults, even with several other predictor variables (e.g., frequency, offensiveness, imageability) included in the analyses; colour naming was slower for relatively more embodied insults. To determine whether bodily experience effects generalised to noninsult stimuli, we presented high and low body–object interaction (BOI) words in a third Stroop task. In this experiment, BOI did not account for any unique colour-naming latency variability. These results suggest that valence is important to these effects, as bodily knowledge slows responding in the Stroop task only for insults.
It's a Dirty Job

This case study details limitations encountered while providing indirect and direct clinical services to children in applied settings through a behavioral mental health consultation model. Specifically, the case of AB, a 13-year-old male residing at a foster care facility, who demonstrates oppositional and defiant behavior problems and symptoms of both retentive encopresis and posttraumatic stress, is presented to illustrate potential pitfalls faced by a consultant providing multiple forms of intervention in applied settings. Although the provision of supportive, individual psychotherapy is reviewed, an emphasis is placed on the difficulties of implementing a behavior modification plan to treat AB's encopresis at his residential foster care facility. The challenges associated with providing individual psychotherapy to AB while serving as the behavioral consultant at his residence are highlighted. Finally, recommendations are presented regarding how mental health consultants can work with applied service agencies to promote effective therapeutic interventions within frameworks established by those agencies.
Mental Representations of Space and Discourse Strategies

How do human users communicate linguistically with robots about spatial configurations? The main difficulty in answering this question lies in the fact that most humans are, up to now, not used to talking to robots at all. While there is some evidence on how people deal with automatic dialogue systems (such as those employed for information services), we do not know much about people's strategies in talking to a robot in tasks involving a spatial environment. One reason for this is that most modern robots developed so far are not designed for linguistic communication. However, many kinds of contexts of human-robot interaction involve spatial configurations, such as the cooperative solving of spatial tasks. One very simple task of this kind is a scenario in which a robot is instructed to move towards a certain object. To indicate which object is meant, the instructor specifies its location. If such tasks are to be solved via linguistic communication, the question becomes crucial in which ways mental representations of space are used as resources for discourse strategies in the interaction between humans, robots, and the situative context. Previous research in various areas provides us with useful insights as to what kinds of mental representations we should be prepared to deal with. In the wider field of cognitive psychology, one prominent area of research deals with spatial reasoning. In this area, one central question is what kinds of strategies humans employ when confronted with a difficult spatial problem, and what kinds of mental representations build the basis for these strategies. One way of solving such problems is to develop a so-called mental model [Johnson-Laird and Byrne, 1991], which serves to mentally visualize the problem at hand. A completely different strategy is to employ verbal propositions rather than imagery. Although a broad range of differing kinds of strategies has been identified already, the question which variables come into play in which kinds of situations is far from answered. One reason for this may be, as [Roberts and Newton, 2001] propose, that researchers often prefer simple tasks of 'high strategic purity' which, unfortunately, only offer themselves for a small range of possible strategies for problem solving. A different approach to identifying human spatial representations is the analysis of linguistic phenomena. Psycholinguistic experimental studies on spatial situations focus on different Spatial Strategies in Human-Robot Communication
Acrobot Stable Walking in Hybrid Systems Notation

The Acrobot walking is interesting and still challenging control problem. By virtue of an actuator location, the Acrobot is partially feedback linearizable up to order 3. This property is widely used both in a feedback tracking of a reference trajectory and in the reference trajectory design. Moreover, the walking of the Acrobot consists of continuous-time and discrete-time dynamics, therefore, the Acrobot belongs in a class of hybrid systems. The aim of this paper is to integrate continuous-time and discrete-time dynamics into a general model of hybrid systems and prove hybrid stability of the Acrobot walking by using both the already developed feedback control and the reference multi-step trajectory.
What do hospital consultants value about their jobs? A discrete choice experiment

Abstract Objective To examine the strength of hospital consultants' preferences for various aspects of their work. Design Questionnaire survey including a discrete choice experiment. Setting NHS Scotland. Participants 2923 hospital consultants in Scotland. Main outcome measures Monetary valuations or prices for each job characteristic, based on consultants' willingness to pay and willingness to accept extra income for a change in each job characteristic, calculated from regression coefficients. Results The response rate was 61% (1793 resspondents). Being on call was the most important attribute, as consultants would need to be compensated up to £18 000 (30% of their average net income) (P < 0.001) for a high on-call workload. Compensation of up to £9700 (16% of their net income) (P < 0.001) would be required for consultants to forgo opportunities to undertake non-NHS work. Consultants would be willing to accept £7000 (12% of net income) (P < 0.001) in compensation for fair rather than good working relationships with staff, and £6500 (11% of net income) (P < 0.001) to compensate them for a shortage of staff. The least important characteristic was hours of work, with £562 per year (0.9% of their net income) (P < 0.001) required to induce consultants to work one extra hour per week. These preferences also varied among specific subgroups of consultants. Conclusions Important information on consultants' strength of preferences for characteristics of their job should be used to help to address recruitment and retention problems. Consultants would require increased payment to cover more intensive on-call commitments. Other aspects of working conditions would require smaller increases.
Gestural-vocal coordination: longitudinal changes and predictive value on early lexical development

The aim of this study was to examine longitudinally gestural and vocal coordination in multimodal communicative patterns during the period of transition to first words, and its role in early lexical development. Eleven monolingual Spanish children were observed from 9 to 12 and 15 months of age in a semi-structured play situation. We obtained three main findings: (1) the use of multimodal patterns of communication increases significantly with age during the period studied; (2) the rate of use of those multimodal patterns at 12 months predicts lexical development at 15 months; and (3) the use of the pointing gesture at 12 months, especially when it is accompanied with vocalization and social use of gaze, is the best predictor of lexical outcome at 15 months. Our findings support the idea that gestures, gazes and vocalizations are part of an integrated and developing system that children use flexibly to communicate from early on. The coordination of these three types of elements, especially when a pointing gesture is involved, has a predictive value on early lexical development and appears as a key for progress in language development.
Annexin V-binding and assisted reproduction technologies

The objective is to describe the impact annexin Vbinding technique has on couples diagnosed with male infertility and how to optimize sperm parameters so that this technique contributes to simplify the assisted reproductive treatment that will be prescribed [1-4]. Empirical studies and expert consensus related to the physiological and medical aspects of the use of annexin V-binding which were presented in this study were identified in articles through bibliographical research.
Detecting and Tracking Moving Objects in Video from an Airborne Observer

We address the detection and tracking of moving objects in a video stream obtained from a moving airborne platform. The approach is based on two modules; first compensates the image flow induced by the motion of observation platform to detect moving objects and track these regions using a dynamic template derived from their temporal coherence. A graph representation of these objects allows us to characterize objects trajectories as an optimal search path. We also quantify the performance of such a system by providing a confidence measure reflecting the accuracy of each module. This framework shows that the integration of well known tools and an efficient description of the moving objects can give very accurate detection and tracking of moving objects.
A mixed-methods study on perceptions towards use of Rapid Ethical Assessment to improve health research informed consent processes in a low-income setting

Background Rapid Ethical Assessment (REA) is a form of rapid ethnographic assessment conducted at the beginning of research project to guide the consent process with the objective of reconciling universal ethical guidance with specific research contexts. The current study is conducted to assess the perceived relevance of introducing REA as a mainstream tool in Ethiopia. Methods Mixed methods research using a sequential explanatory approach was conducted from July to September 2012, including 241 cross-sectional, self-administered and 19 qualitative, in-depth interviews among health researchers and regulators including ethics committee members in Ethiopian health research institutions and universities. Results In their evaluation of the consent process, only 40.2% thought that the consent process and information given were adequately understood by study participants; 84.6% claimed they were not satisfied with the current consent process and 85.5% thought the best interests of study participants were not adequately considered. Commonly mentioned consent-related problems included lack of clarity (48.1%), inadequate information (34%), language barriers (28.2%), cultural differences (27.4%), undue expectations (26.6%) and power imbalances (20.7%). About 95.4% believed that consent should be contextualized to the study setting and 39.4% thought REA would be an appropriate approach to improve the perceived problems. Qualitative findings helped to further explore the gaps identified in the quantitative findings and to map-out concerns related to the current research consent process in Ethiopia. Suggestions included, conducting REA during the pre-test (pilot) phase of studies when applicable. The need for clear guidance for researchers on issues such as when and how to apply the REA tools was stressed. Conclusion The study findings clearly indicated that there are perceived to be correctable gaps in the consent process of medical research in Ethiopia. REA is considered relevant by researchers and stakeholders to address these gaps. Exploring further the feasibility and applicability of REA is recommended.
Topographic influences on wildfire consumption of soil organic carbon in interior Alaska: Implications for black carbon accumulation

[1] We measured characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and black carbon (BC) along opposed north- and south-facing toposequences in recent (2004) and old (∼1860–1950) burn sites throughout interior Alaska. Surface fuel consumption did not vary between different topographic positions, with 3.3 (±0.5) kg C m−2 being consumed on toe slope sites, 4.0 (±0.2) kg C m−2 on north-slope sites, and 3.6 (±0.3) kg C m−2 on south-slope sites. On a relative scale, 43% of the organic matter depth was removed through biomass burning on toe slopes, 62% on north-slopes, and 77% on south-slope sites. Mineral soil BC stocks (measured using a chemical/thermal oxidation method isolating more graphitic BC) ranged from 112 ± 24 g C m−2 to 173 ± 43 g C m−2 on north- and south-facing aspects, respectively. These data supported the expectation that deeper and wetter ground fuels occurring in north-facing and toe-slope forests burned less completely, which decreased the amount of BC incorporated into mineral soil where it could be protected from subsequent fires. Thus, warmer and drier forests harbored less total SOC, but following wildfire aggraded larger BC stocks. BC was therefore an important component of stable soil C in warmer and drier forests which had higher C turnover rates in other soil pools (determined by density fractionation, δ13C, and Δ14C). These data provide a basis for understanding how variable patterns of organic layer depths and soil moisture mediate the consumption of SOC in wildfire, as well as the long-term accumulation of BC.
Automatic Creation of LSTM Game Level Based on Attention Mechanism

Procedural Content Generation (PCG) is a game design technology, which uses automatic generation technology instead of traditional manual creation, and this method is also applicable in level generation of platform games. However, for games with a single mode, such as platform games, it will make players feel boring to pass the same level repeatedly. How to improve the interest of games is one of the problems faced by platform games. In this context, this paper proposes a LSTM-based game level automatic creation method to generate a variety of game levels. In order to facilitate the generation of platform games, the game level is transformed from image file to text file by establishing mapping table between maps and symbols, and the input data is preprocessed to some extent. LSTM model can be used to predict the generation of game levels, and the addition of attention mechanism improves the accuracy and coherence of game level generation. This method effectively solves the problem that simple platform games can't attract players' attention for a long time.
Multicriteria Assessment of Alternative Sludge Disposal Methods Copyright Declaration at Last, I Would like to Special Thanks Mr. Bill Gracie (treatment East Team Leader

author and has not been previously submitted for examination which has led to the award of a degree. Due acknowledgement must always be made of the use of any material contained in, or derived from, this thesis. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my deepest gratitude to the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Strathclyde for providing me with the opportunity to work on this dissertation. Strathclyde, who guided me with his precious knowledge and information on the subject. He has been consistently supportive me on my ideas and helped me improve my time management by setting deliverables for different times throughout the whole course of this dissertation. Abstract Sludge production from wastewater treatment process is high, and the disposal of excess sludge will be forbidden in a near future, thus increased attention has been turned to look into potential technology for sludge reduction. The study attempts to review alternative sludge disposal methods, including anaerobic digestion, aerobic digestion and landfills. In these sludge processes, excess sludge production can be reduced up to 100% without significant effect on process efficiency and stability. Current waste water sludge production in U.K amounts to around 1.2 megatonnes of dry solids each year and for EU as a whole there are about 6.5 megatonnes of dry solids produced annually. The sludge production values has significantly increased, possibly by as much as 50%, as the urban waste water treatment directive was implemented over the period up to 2005 and in the next decade, sludge disposal to all the established outlets could become increasingly difficult. The challenges faced by the government are how to (a) maintain cost-effective and secure methods of sludge disposal and (b) engender public confidence in all disposal and recycling options. This study would be useful when one is looking for appropriate environmentally and economically acceptable solutions for reducing or minimizing excess sludge production from wastewater treatment process. Here is the comparison of Sludge disposal methods i.e Anaerobic, Aerobic and Landfills, and carry out the research to find out the cost effective, calorific value and more environment friendly anaerobic, aerobic and landfill methods of sludge disposal and taking into account the survey and case study of Scottish Water's waste water treatment site Cumnock WWTW to conclude the best suitable method for sludge disposal.
6-Thioguanine Treatment in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Critical Appraisal by a European 6-TG Working Party

Recently, the suggestion to use 6-thioguanine (6-TG) as an alternative thiopurine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been discarded due to reports about possible (hepato) toxicity. During meetings arranged in Vienna and Prague in 2004, European experts applying 6-TG further on in IBD patients presented data on safety and efficacy of 6-TG. After thorough evaluation of its risk-benefit ratio, the group consented that 6-TG may still be considered as a rescue drug in stringently defined indications in IBD, albeit restricted to a clinical research setting. As a potential indication for administering 6-TG, we delineated the requirement for maintenance therapy as well as intolerance and/or resistance to aminosalicylates, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate and infliximab. Furthermore, indications are preferred in which surgery is thought to be inappropriate. The standard 6-TG dosage should not exceed 25 mg daily. Routine laboratory controls are mandatory in short intervals. Liver biopsies should be performed after 6–12 months, three years and then three-yearly accompanied by gastroduodenoscopy, to monitor for potential hepatotoxicity, including nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) and veno-occlusive disease (VOD). Treatment with 6-TG must be discontinued in case of overt or histologically proven hepatotoxicity.