Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis on Dynamic Response of Rockbolt in Rock Slope Under Earthquake

Pseudostatic analysis method is mostly used in the design of slope supported with anchor under earthquake,by which the anchor-slope interaction under earthquake can not be considered.The study on Wenchuan earthquake slope's destruction mode shows that slope supported with anchor has good effect on resisting earthquake.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the effect of slope supported with anchor for resisting earthquake.By using FLAC3D and analyzing a rock slope case,the seismic effects in a variety of bolting under the action of seismic waves is studied.The results show that under different types of seismic waves,the action of bolting can significantly reduce the peak ground acceleration amplification factor along the slope surface and enhance the stability of slope.Furthermore,the destruction mechanism of the rockbolt under earthquake is studied with the strength reduction dynamic analysis method in this paper.The results are very important to the slope anchor bolting seismic design.
Identifying resilience pathways to sanitary health problems in an unplanned ward of Dodoma, Tanzania

The study explores water- and sanitation-related health risks among the urban poor and identifies the responses of different actors in averting and overcoming these risks. It is based on data collected from households and institutions in the unplanned settlement Chang’ombe of the Dodoma Municipality using quantitative and qualitative methods. We define social resilience as social actors’ capacities to access resources, facilities and services not only to cope with and adjust to adverse conditions but to search for and create options and thus develop increased competence in dealing with water and sanitation related threats. The focus is on various structural and relational processes, which shape resilience pathways. We refer to a framework adapted from Langridge et al. (2006) to examine resilience pathways to sanitary health problems in terms of technology, capital, markets, knowledge, authority, and networks. For each of these aspects, interventions to strengthen resilience pathways are suggested for actors on various administrative levels, ranging from the household to the municipality.
Dynamic data‐driven railway bridge construction knowledge graph update method

Effectively integrating and correlating multisource data involved in the bridge construction process is crucial for the improvement of the bridge informatization level. In the current issues of dynamic numerous data and low information sharing between different engineering departments, the traditional information management methods are inefficient in providing comprehensive and accurate data support for construction safety. Focusing on the bridge construction stage, this article proposes a dynamic data‐driven construction method of railway bridge construction knowledge graph (KG) in combination with dynamic data (materials, personnel, equipment and sensors) in the construction process and KG technology. By taking a railway bridge as a case, the study develops a prototype system and analyzes the effectiveness of bridge construction KG in material traceability, personnel and equipment management and construction safety guidance, which can provide comprehensive and accurate data support for bridge construction management and construction optimization. The results show that: (1) bridge construction KG that takes into account the dynamic features of bridge projects can effectively integrate multiple elements; (2) the bridge construction KG is dynamically updated through real‐time comparison and advance prediction based on the dynamic data collected by multi‐sensing equipment at the construction site, and can provide effective data support for guiding bridge construction safety; and (3) the construction management prototype system based on railway bridge construction KG can provide accurate data support for material traceability, personnel and equipment management and assisted risk event decision‐making. The results of the comparative experiment between the KG group and the spreadsheet group showed that utilizing the KG saved approximately 50% of time and achieved a 20% higher accuracy rate in the material traceability task compared to the spreadsheet group. In general, this study proposes a dynamic data‐driven construction method of railway bridge construction KG, which can effectively realize the effective integration and management of multisource data in the bridge construction process, provide the necessary scientific basis for fine bridge management, and help to improve bridge informatization management level.
Berücksichtigung neuer parameter in der strukturanalyse von tropischen urwäldern

Consideration of new parameters in the analysis of the structure of tropical virgin forests - Till now in the analysis of the structure of tropical forests only parameters of the horizontal structure have been taken in consideration, when calculating the importance value index on base of relative frequency, abundancy and dominance. However in many cases the importance value index did not result to be a correct ecological value for the species componing the forests. In the present article it is proposed to take into account the vertical structure also, based on the new parameters "sociological position", and "natural regeneration". As the mentioned example shows (table 3), the ecological value of each species seems more correctly represented in the investigated forest type in this case as by the importance value index only.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance active ingredients of medicinal plants: a quantitative analysis

Medicinal plants are invaluable resources for mankind and play a crucial role in combating diseases. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widely recognized for enhancing the production of medicinal active ingredients in medicinal plants. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the quantitative effects of AMF on the accumulation of medicinal active ingredients. Here we conducted a comprehensive global analysis using 233 paired observations to investigate the impact of AMF inoculation on the accumulation of medicinal active ingredients. This study revealed that AMF inoculation significantly increased the contents of medicinal active ingredients by 27%, with a particularly notable enhancement observed in flavonoids (68%) and terpenoids (53%). Furthermore, the response of medicinal active ingredients in belowground organs (32%) to AMF was more pronounced than that in aboveground organs (18%). Notably, the AMF genus Rhizophagus exhibited the strongest effect in improving the contents of medicinal active ingredients, resulting in an increase of over 50% in both aboveground and belowground organs. Additionally, the promotion of medicinal active ingredients by AMF was attributed to improvements in physiological factors, such as chlorophyll, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate. Collectively, this research substantially advanced our comprehension of the pivotal role of AMF in improving the medicinal active ingredients of plants and provided valuable insights into the potential mechanisms driving these enhancements.
A Geospatial Analysis Approach for Assessing the Impact of Land Use on Groundwater Resources in the SanGong Oasis Region

In this study, the relationship between land use and land cover change (LUCC) and variation of groundwater table and quality in the SanGong Oasis Region in the western China is investigated using a geospatial approach. Specifically, the interactions among groundwater, surface water, and LUCC are analyzed through the utilization of geographical information system (GIS), remote sensing (RS) imagery processing, and geostatistics. Study outputs indicate that recharging into the groundwater in the study area does not change significantly during the period from 1978 to 1998. However, both LUCC and groundwater table have changed substantially in the SanGong Oasis Region, and their variations are closely correlated to each other spatially and temporally over the past two decades. This confirms that urbanization and industry are direct reasons for the decrease in water table and deterioration of groundwater quality.
Strategic Development of Environmental Impact Assessment Decision Support Tool for Offshore Energy Enables Decreased Costs, Increased Utilization and Quality

In the transition to a sustainable energy system, there is an urgent need for expansion of offshore renewable energy installations. To ensure sustainable development also with respect to the marine environment, a variety of decision support tools (DSTs) are currently under development, aiming at potentially increased quality and efficiency for environmental risk assessment (EIA) of planned offshore energy installations. However, the savings potential of a DSTs is to a large extent governed by the timing of the DST development, which in turn is directly dependent on the investment rate over time. A set of development scenarios were evaluated, simulating different degrees of strategic implementation and successful utilization of the DST for offshore energy. Using the situation in Sweden as a case study, we demonstrate that a planned investment can lead to considerably lower total costs for the EIA at a national level, at the same time allowing for improved quality of the EIA in line with the am-bitions in both marine spatial planning and existing goals within marine environmental management.
A bioinformatic analysis of the role of TP53 status on the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor microenvironment

CD8+ T cells play basic roles in the immune system in a tumor microenvironment (TME) to fight cancer. Several reports have suggested signs of the involvement of tumor protein p53 (TP53) in a complex immune system network. Moreover, our previous research indicated that TP53 orchestrates the polarization and infiltration of macrophages into the TME. In the present study, the clinical function of TP53 status (wild/mutant) in CD8+ T cell infiltration was assessed using more than 10,000 The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) samples from 30 cancer types through Tumor Immune Estimation (TIMER). Our investigation revealed that CD8+ T cell infiltration was higher in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) patients with wild-type TP53 than in those with mutant TP53. Wild-type TP53 conferred a good prognosis for HNSC and UCEC (P<0.05). In contrast, CD8+ T cell infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients with wild-type TP53 was much lower than in those with mutant TP53. Notably, clinical outcomes for LUAD with wild-type TP53 were poor (P<0.05). This study was the first to provide insights into the novel association of TP53 with CD8+ T cells infiltration in the TME in patients with HNSC, LUAD, and UCEC. Therefore, TP53 status acts as a prognostic marker, and this can be used as a basis to further study the effect of targeting TP53 in these patients. Furthermore, our study found that TP53 status was a reliable predictive factor and therapeutic target in patients with HNSC and UCEC.
Bio-regenerative life support system development for Lunar/Mars habitats

Bio-regenerative Life Support Systems (BLSS) uses biological processes to support an astronaut crew, and includes atmosphere revitalization, water recycling, food production, and organic waste recycling. The University of Arizona Controlled Environment Agriculture Center (UA-CEAC), Systems and Industrial Engineering Department, Sadler Machine Co. (USA) and Italian collaborators, Thales Alenia Space Italia (TAS-I), Aero-Sekur, SpA, and University of Naples Federico II are developing BLSS for future Lunar/Mars surface missions. Current efforts at UA-CEAC include operation of four BLSS Lunar Greenhouse (LGH) Prototype Units with the primary purpose of demonstrating poly-culture production of food crops in a semi-closed gaseous cycle, and preliminary efforts of waste DWEComposting, Solar Concentrating Plant Lighting/Power System, and System Monitoring/Telepresence Support. TAS-I, the University of Naples, and Aero-Sekur BLSS efforts in Italy include operation of Recyclab, the EDEN chamber, and the development of space plant growth chambers. UA-CEAC efforts are supported by NASA Ralph Steckler Phase II Space Grant while the Italian collaborators have been supported by ESA, ASI, and regional, and internal sources. Based on NASA crop production area estimates the LGH with its four modules will support a four person crew with 100% of their water/atmosphere
Developing wideband antenna based on the metamaterial and dielectric silicon load for THz spectrum

THz antenna with wide bandwidth and high Q-factor is interesting for various application including 6G application and THz sensing and controlling the surface current of the antenna is known as a technique for bandwidth enhancement. The slot antenna with metasurface is a good candidate for this aim. In this research, we have suggested a multilayer slot antenna with metamaterial load to provide wide bandwidth which covers the 0.38 to 0.57 THz with bandwidth of 40%. The metamaterial loads make various paths for the current on the surface of the antenna that makes possible achieving the wider bandwidth. The proposed antenna has gain of 4 dBi. To achieve higher bandwidth the dielectric silicon (Si) load is placed over the metasurface. The result shows that the height and form of the Si element can impact the bandwidth of the antenna. To modify the results of the antenna, the shape, height and width of the dielectric load over the antenna is examined. The antenna bandwidth is enhanced more than 100% and it covers 0.371 to 0.616 THz with 49% bandwidth. The proposed antenna is simulated with full wave time domain technique of FIT (�nite integrated technique).
Serotonin Transporter mRNA Expression Is Reduced in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Subjects with Major Depression but Normal in Fibromyalgia

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) and major depression disorder (MDD) frequently co-occur. Both disorders may share common serotonergic alterations, although there is less evidence of such alterations in FM. It is also unclear as to whether these alterations are persistent over time or transient. The objectives of this study were to (i) examine the changes in mRNA expression of serotonin transporter (SERT) on the surface of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in FM, MDD, and the FM + MDD subjects compared to healthy controls, and to (ii) evaluate the effect of drug treatment on SERT expression. Methods: PBMCs were isolated from FM, MDD, FM + MDD, and control subjects. SERT expression was analyzed at the mRNA level via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analyses were performed using analyses of variance and linear mixed-effects models. Results: SERT mRNA expression was significantly reduced in MDD subjects compared to controls (p < 0.001), but not in FM nor in FM + MDD subjects. Although the drug treatments improved symptoms in FM, MDD, and FM + MDD subjects, they had no significant effect on SERT mRNA expression. Conclusions: These results corroborate the role of the SERT in the pathophysiology of MDD, but not in FM, and show that the decreased mRNA expression of SERT is a persistent, rather than transient, phenomenon.
Fluorescence-readout as a powerful macromolecular characterisation tool

The last few decades have witnessed significant progress in synthetic macromolecular chemistry, which can provide access to diverse macromolecules with varying structural complexities, topology and functionalities, bringing us closer to the aim of controlling soft matter material properties with molecular precision. To reach this goal, the development of advanced analytical techniques, allowing for micro-, molecular level and real-time investigation, is essential. Due to their appealing features, including high sensitivity, large contrast, fast and real-time response, as well as non-invasive characteristics, fluorescence-based techniques have emerged as a powerful tool for macromolecular characterisation to provide detailed information and give new and deep insights beyond those offered by commonly applied analytical methods. Herein, we critically examine how fluorescence phenomena, principles and techniques can be effectively exploited to characterise macromolecules and soft matter materials and to further unravel their constitution, by highlighting representative examples of recent advances across major areas of polymer and materials science, ranging from polymer molecular weight and conversion, architecture, conformation to polymer self-assembly to surfaces, gels and 3D printing. Finally, we discuss the opportunities for fluorescence-readout to further advance the development of macromolecules, leading to the design of polymers and soft matter materials with pre-determined and adaptable properties.
Exploring the Student Perspective: Assessing Technology Readiness and Acceptance for Adopting Large Language Models in Higher Education

Digital technologies are changing and will continue to change how we learn and teach today and in the future. With the latest developments in the field of generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), the question of using AI-based tools in academic education is ruling the current discussions about the transformative impact of AI in higher education (HE). These discussions range from banning these technologies for learning and teaching in HE to guided study support. This study avoids taking up these multifarious and partly controversial debates. Instead, we show how students perceive using AI-based tools for automated text generation for their studies. Drawing on a synthesis of two theories: the 'Technology Readiness Index' (TRI) and 'Technology Acceptance Model' (TAM). The model is validated based on survey data collected among undergraduate first-semester students (N=111) of a computer science-related study programme in Germany in winter 2022/23. The students had to evaluate their relationship to that new technology focusing on their readiness for technology adoption and acceptance. By analysing the collected data with a partial least squares model, we find that the optimism toward the new technology positively influences technology acceptance, while discomfort with the technology negatively influences perceived ease of use. The paper concludes with recommendations for action for adopting LLMs in HE. A proper investment in building AI skills in academic teaching plays a valuable role in fostering the students' positive attitude and innovativeness towards this new technology. Additionally, there is a need for more education about the risks and challenges of using this technology to reduce the impact of factors such as discomfort on ease of use. This requires a factual discourse, away from the current hype-induced exaggerated and hyperbolic statements, for instance, in developing formal guidance for universities.
Atmospheric responses to oceanic eddies in the Kuroshio Extension region

We examined atmospheric responses to 35,000+ oceanic eddies in the Kuroshio Extension region during the period of 2006–2009. Using satellite data, we showed that cold (warm) eddies cause surface winds to decelerate (accelerate) and reduce (increase) latent and sensible heat fluxes, cloud liquid water, water vapor content, and rain rate; all of these changes are quantified. Both the linear correlation between wind divergence and downwind sea surface temperature (SST) gradient and the correspondence between vorticity and crosswind SST gradient support the vertical momentum mixing mechanism, which indicates that SST perturbations modify surface winds by changing the vertical turbulent mixing in the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). High‐resolution National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data can reproduce the atmospheric responses to the oceanic eddies in the MABL albeit with some differences in intensity. In addition, the CFSR data reveal that the atmospheric responses to these oceanic eddies are not confined in the MABL. MABL deepens (shoals) over the warm (cold) eddies; enhanced (reduced) vertical transport of transient zonal momentum occurs over the warm (cold) eddies from the sea surface to about 850 hPa level; vertical velocity anomalies over oceanic eddies penetrate beyond the MABL into free atmosphere; there exists a positive correlated relationship between SST and convective rain rate anomalies, indicative of ocean eddies' impact on the free troposphere. However, the composites of cloud liquid water and rain rate are different from the results based on the satellite data.
On a retrial queue with negative customers, passive breakdown, and delayed repairs

This paper studies an M/M/1 retrial queue with negative customers, passive breakdown, and delayed repairs. Assume that the breakdown behavior of the server during idle periods is different from that during busy periods. Passive breakdowns may occur when the server is idle, due to the lack of monitoring of the server during idle periods. When the passive breakdown occurs, the server does not get repaired immediately and enters a delayed repair phase. Negative customers arrive during the busy period, which will cause the server to break down and remove the serving customers. Under steady-state conditions, we obtain explicit expressions of the probability generating functions for the steady-state distribution, together with some important performance measures for the system. In addition, we present some numerical examples to illustrate the effects of some system parameters on important performance measures and the cost function. Finally, based on the reward-cost structure, we discuss Nash equilibrium and socially optimal strategy and numerically analyze the influence of system parameters on optimal strategies and optimal social benefits.