Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Freezing Tolerance of Opuntia spp.

Frost is a serious abiotic stress affecting crops in the Chihuahuan desert. An unusually severe frost occurred 11-14 December 1997, and caused serious injuries in Opuntia spp. commercial orchards for nochtli, tuna, or prickly-pear fruit production in Mexico’s State of Zacatecas and at the Centro Regional Universitario of the Universidad Autonoma Chapingo germplasm collection. An evaluation of resistance to that frost was carried out in a collection of 73 varieties (five plants each) of Opuntia spp. in the germplasm bank. The percentage of dead cladodes (%DC) was measured in individual plants that were used as the experimental unit. Means and standard deviations (µ, ±σ) of the %DC are discussed. The varieties “Duraznillo” and “Tapon Aguanoso” were not affected by the freeze. The “Amarilla CE”, “Amarilla SM”, “Morada SM”, “Camuezo” and “Zarquita” varieties were only slightly affected (0%DC to 10%DC) by the freeze, so these varieties, in combination with the “Tapon Aguanoso” and “Duraznillo” varieties, are the only varieties able to withstand cold temperatures without serious injury. In particular, the COPENA varieties were quite susceptible to freezing weather. These findings will be useful for Opuntia on crop research and genetic improvement programs.
PRIMPOL ensures robust handoff between on-the-fly and post-replicative DNA lesion bypass

Abstract The primase/polymerase PRIMPOL restarts DNA synthesis when replication is arrested by template impediments. However, we do not have a comprehensive view of how PRIMPOL-dependent repriming integrates with the main pathways of damage tolerance, REV1-dependent ‘on-the-fly’ lesion bypass at the fork and PCNA ubiquitination-dependent post-replicative gap filling. Guided by genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens to survey the genetic interactions of PRIMPOL in a non-transformed and p53-proficient human cell line, we find that PRIMPOL is needed for cell survival following loss of the Y-family polymerases REV1 and POLη in a lesion-dependent manner, while it plays a broader role in promoting survival of cells lacking PCNA K164-dependent post-replicative gap filling. Thus, while REV1- and PCNA K164R-bypass provide two layers of protection to ensure effective damage tolerance, PRIMPOL is required to maximise the effectiveness of the interaction between them. We propose this is through the restriction of post-replicative gap length provided by PRIMPOL-dependent repriming.
A Comparison of the Global Surveys of High, Mid, and Low Clouds from Satellites and General Circulation Models

Understanding cloud vertical structure is crucial for climate studies due to its impact on both the magnitude and sign of net cloud radiative forcing; for example, low thick clouds like boundary layer stratocumulus have a net cooling effect, but high thin clouds like cirrus have a net warming effect (e.g. Liou 1986; Hartmann et al. 1992). The vertical distribution of clouds also modifies both the latent and radiative heating profiles of the atmosphere and affects general circulation and moisture transport (Webster and Stephens 1984; Randall et al. 1989). In a climate simulation study, Wang and Rossow (1998) found that changing the cloud vertical distribution can significantly modify the strength of the Hadley circulation. In their two-layer cloud simulations, the strength is a strong function of the separation distance between the two cloud layers. Placing a single-layer cloud at a mid-level gives rise to the strongest Hadley circulation. So far, we have poor knowledge of cloud vertical distribution on large scales, which due mainly to a shortcoming in direct measurements. The current passive satellite observations provide the only means of obtaining the large-scale and global cloud information, but unfortunately many limitations exist in the conventional satellite cloud retrieval schemes.
The cancer‐associated glycosyltransferase GnT‐V (MGAT5) recognizes the N‐glycan core via residues outside its catalytic pocket

N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase‐V (GnT‐V or MGAT5) is a glycosyltransferase involved in cancer metastasis that creates the β1,6‐branch on N‐glycans of target proteins such as cell adhesion molecules and cell surface receptors. The 3D structure of GnT‐V and its catalytic site, which are critical for the interaction with the N‐glycan terminal, have already been revealed. However, it remains unclear how GnT‐V recognizes the core part of N‐glycan or the polypeptide part of the acceptor. Using molecular dynamics simulations and biochemical experiments, we found that several residues outside the catalytic pocket are likely involved in the recognition of the core part of N‐glycan. Furthermore, our simulation suggested that UDP binding affects the orientation of the acceptor due to the conformational change at the Manα1,6‐Man linkage. These findings provide new insights into how GnT‐V recognizes its glycoprotein substrates.
Sinus node dysfunction and stroke risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives The role of cardiac arrhythmia in ischaemic stroke is widely studied, but the size of the stroke risk in patients with sinus node dysfunction (SND) with and without atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the risk of stroke and its associated factors in patients with SND with and without AF. Design A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Data sources PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Database were searched until December 2022. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Studies that investigate stroke in patients with SND diagnosed with or without AF/atrial flutter. Data extraction and synthesis Two independent authors screened studies for inclusion and extracted data. Literature quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Collaboration Tool. The overall risk of stroke was estimated using the random-effects model. The generic inverse variance method was used to calculate the pooled estimates of stroke-associated factors. We performed a sensitivity analysis using a fixed-effects model. Results Of the 929 records retrieved, 6 papers (106 163 patients) met the inclusion criteria. The average yearly stroke incidence in patients with SND was 1.542% (95% CI: 1.334% to 1.749%). The stroke incidence was similar between the isolated SND (1.587%; 95% CI: 1.510% to 1.664%) and non-isolated (SND+AF) (1.660%; 95% CI: 0.705% to 2.615%) groups. AF (HR, 95% CI: 1.53 (1.01 to 2.33)), stroke/transient ischaemia attack/other thrombotic events (HR, 95% CI: 2.54 (1.14 to 5.69)), hypertension (HR, 95% CI: 1.51 (1.11 to 2.07)) and heart failure (HR, 95% CI: 1.41 (1.01 to 1.97)) were associated with stroke in the SND population. Conclusion Our findings suggest that patients with SND carry a similar risk of stroke to those with combined SND and AF. Future studies are needed to investigate whether interventions targeting stroke prevention, such as anticoagulation therapy, can help to prevent stroke in patients with SND. PROSPERO registration number CRD42023408436.
Psychological Safety : A Meta ‐ Analytic Review and Extension

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Management at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Management Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact digitalcommons@odu.edu. Repository Citation Frazier, M. Lance; Fainshmidt, Stav; Klinger, Ryan L. ; Pezeshkan, Amir; and Vracheva, Veselina, "Psychological Safety: A Meta‐Analytic Review and Extension" (2017). Management Faculty Publications. 13. https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/management_fac_pubs/13
Geo-archaeological implications of river and coastal dynamics at the Potenza river mouth (The Marches, Italy)

In this contribution, the coastal and fluvial dynamics in the Potenza river plain (the Marches, Italy) are discussed, with the spatial and temporal extension of their associated features, to the degree of detail possible with the evidence at hand; and with their implications on archaeological site formation in its broadest sense, though focused on the Roman period (2nd century BCE – 7th century CE) and the roman city Potentia. The results, both concerning fluvial and coastal dynamics, could be fitted into the general story for the Marche region, as found in literature. The coast, starting off with an alternation of cliffs and bays during the Versilian transgression, was transformed into a beach barrier-lagoon system with a marine terrace at the base of the cliffs after the mid-Holocene, once the sea-level rise slowed down. Potentia was built on such a beach barrier. Behind the barriers, sediments were deposited, shaping the coastal plain in two distinct phases, one phase of land formation by deltaic fluvial infill, and a post-medieval phase with clay-deck formation by floods. The fluvial dynamics include river diversions, from a central position in the coastal plain started before the Bronze Age, via a Roman and medieval course debouching 0.5 km more to the north, to the present artificial course in the extreme north of the coastal plain. These alternations of the physical environment had their implications on the archaeological record, influencing amongst others: the location of the harbour of Potentia, the extension of the city towards the east, the implications for geoelectrical and geomagnetical survey, the form of the Roman road pattern, the impact on river management options and the choice of site locations for production. 416 | Geo-archaeoloGical aspects of rivers and river plains
Primary care patients with mild or stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease need more support in disease management: a secondary analysis of a cluster randomized controlled trial

Abstract Objective Patient education based on the patient’s individual needs and circumstances is known to be associated with positive changes in clinical outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aimed to assess the levels of patients’ subjective needs for information about COPD before and after their general practitioners had taken part in a COPD education. Design A secondary analysis of a cluster randomized controlled trial Setting 22 PHCCs in Stockholm, Sweden Subjects Randomly selected primary care patients with COPD in GOLD stages 2 and 3 (n = 293) Outcome measures Scores in the Lung Information Needs Questionnaire (LINQ) at baseline and 18 months, spirometry results, and self-reported, descriptive patient data. Results GPs’ improved skills in COPD did not affect patients’ self-management skills over time. In general, patients’ information needs remained great in issues concerning diet, exercise and self-management. However, 43% of the patients reported reduced and 57% increased or unchanged information needs, over time. Reduced information needs were mainly associated with a high level of information needs at baseline (OR = 3.17 [95% CI 1.93–5.23], p < .01) and establishing contact with a physiotherapist (OR = 2.26 [95% CI 1.05–4.86], p = .038). Patients in a mild or stable phase of COPD with no recent exacerbations reported greater needs than those with unstable, deteriorated COPD. Conclusion Patients’ information needs are substantial in most areas of self-management of COPD, and seem to covary with the patient’s current clinical status. Care providers should thus continuously be vigilant about offering all patients with COPD support and education. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, 10 August 2014, Identifier NCT02213809. KEY POINTS Self-management skills are fundamental for patients living with a chronic condition such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Improvements in general practitioners’ (GPs) levels of knowledge about COPD management were not transferred to improvements in patients’ self-management skills. Patients’ needs for support in COPD were substantial, and moreover, they were not constant over time: the longer from the latest exacerbation, the less continuity of care and the greater needs for renewed support. To help patients master self-management of COPD and be better prepared for future deteriorations, health professionals should start COPD patient education early and continue with it regularly, regardless of the current clinical stage of the patient.
Microstructural and functional alterations of the ventral pallidum are associated with levodopa‐induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease

The ventral pallidum (VP) regulates involuntary movements, but it is unclear whether the VP regulates the abnormal involuntary movements in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients who have levodopa‐induced dyskinesia (LID). To further understand the role of the VP in PD patients with LID (PD‐LID), we explored the structural and functional characteristics of the VP in such patients using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Entrepreneurial Behaviour in Rural Women of Sultanpur District of Uttar Pradesh

This study was conducted by following ex-post facto research design and random sampling technique in Sultanpur district of Uttar Pradesh with specific objective to study the entrepreneurial behavior of rural women. A sample of 200 women respondents comprising of 91 SC, 54 OBC and 55 General Category were selected by using stratified random sampling technique and selection of the respondents in each category was proportionate to their size in population. The results of the study revealed that maximum respondents in General caste were found in low level of farm decision making. Majority of all category of respondents (74.50 %) were found medium category of achievement motivation level and in 22 per cent case achievement motivation level is low. However only in 3.50 per cent cases high achievement motivation level were recorded. The 75 per cent respondents were observed in medium category of entrepreneurial behaviour followed by low (15.50 %) and high (9.50 %) category of entrepreneurial behaviour, respectively. The study also shows that socio-economic attributes like age, caste, education, family size, sociopolitical participation, ability to coordinate farming activities, sources of information utilized, value orientation, annual family income, farm activities performed by women and decision making pattern having close association with entrepreneurial behaviour of women in study area. The regression analysis indicates that the socio-political participation, sources of information utilized, ability to coordinate farming activities and farm activities performed by women, annual income, value orientation were significantly influenced entrepreneurial behaviour of the respondent. Hence it is concluded that the extension agencies should aimed to manipulate these socioeconomic parameters in order to promote entrepreneurial behaviour of rural women.
TessellaTion Planning: RelaTionshiPs beTween The Physical enviRonmenT and The neighbouRhood

The fundamental objective of the national housing agenda is to ensure a better quality of life. The challenge is to develop affordable houses whilst sustaining positive social neighbourhoods. In the western world, research equated the physical environment as a dominant influence on the spatial behaviours of communities. Quality of living in Malaysia is only obtainable to the upper echelons in organic planning of housing. These perceived as successful neighbourhoods such as the cul-de-sac or Tessellation Planning create a relationship between the physical environment and the neighbourhood. This paper initiates a search for such literature and identifies key concepts for further deliberations.
Neural tracking of social hierarchies in adolescents’ real-world social networks

Abstract In the current study, we combined sociometric nominations and neuroimaging techniques to examine adolescents’ neural tracking of peers from their real-world social network that varied in social preferences and popularity. Adolescent participants from an entire school district (N = 873) completed peer sociometric nominations of their grade at school, and a subset of participants (N = 117, Mage = 13.59 years) completed a neuroimaging task in which they viewed peer faces from their social networks. We revealed two neural processes by which adolescents track social preference: (1) the fusiform face area, an important region for early visual perception and social categorization, simultaneously represented both peers high in social preference and low in social preference; (2) the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which was differentially engaged in tracking peers high and low in social preference. No regions specifically tracked peers high in popularity and only the inferior parietal lobe, temporoparietal junction, midcingulate cortex and insula were involved in tracking unpopular peers. This is the first study to examine the neural circuits that support adolescents’ perception of peer-based social networks. These findings identify the neural processes that allow youths to spontaneously keep track of peers’ social value within their social network.
Estimating the density of Red Junglefowl Gallus gallus (Galliformes: Phasianidae) in the tropical forest of Similipal Tiger Reserve, eastern India

To determine population status of wild animal using reliable sampling techniques forms an important component of conservation effort and effective wildlife management. We estimated the density of Red Junglefowl Gallus gallus using distance sampling, a quantitatively robust technique, in Similipal Tiger Reserve, Odisha, eastern India during September 2012 to May 2013. We laid 27 transects and walked seven to eight times for a total of 390km to obtain the distance sampling data. We used DISTANCE software for analysis. We estimated per km 2 Red Junglefowl group density as 4.99 and density as 7.64 birds in the intensive study area. Mean group size of Red Junglefowl was 1.48. Our results may prove helpful in planning better management needs and strategies for the survival and conservation of Red Junglefowl in different protected areas.
The Modified Fels and Abbreviated Modified Fels Knee Skeletal-Maturity Systems in the Prediction of Leg-Length Discrepancy

Background: The Modified Fels (mFels) and Abbreviated Modified Fels (abFels) knee systems have been recently developed as options for grading skeletal maturity without the need for a separate hand radiograph. We sought to determine the interobserver reliability of these systems and to compare their prediction accuracy with that of the Greulich and Pyle (G-P) atlas in a cohort managed with epiphysiodesis for leg-length discrepancy (LLD). Methods: Three reviewers scored 20 knee radiographs using the mFels system, which includes 5 qualitative and 2 quantitative measures as well as a quantitative output. Short leg length (SL), long leg length (LL), and LLD prediction errors at maturity using the White-Menelaus (W-M) method and G-P, mFels, or abFels skeletal age were compared in a cohort of 60 patients managed with epiphysiodesis for LLD. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficients for the 2 quantitative variables and the quantitative output of the mFels system using 20 knee radiographs ranged from 0.55 to 0.98, and kappa coefficients for the 5 qualitative variables ranged from 0.56 to 1, indicating a reliability range from moderate to excellent. In the epiphysiodesis cohort, G-P skeletal age was on average 0.25 year older than mFels and abFels skeletal ages, most notably in females. The majority of average prediction errors between G-P, mFels, and abFels were <0.5 cm, with the greatest error being for the SL prediction in females, which approached 1 cm. Skeletal-age estimates with the mFels and abFels systems were statistically comparable. Conclusions: The mFels skeletal-age system is a reproducible method of determining skeletal age. Prediction errors in mFels and abFels skeletal ages were clinically comparable with those in G-P skeletal ages in this epiphysiodesis cohort. Further work is warranted to optimize and validate the accuracy of mFels and abFels skeletal ages to predict LLD and the impact of epiphysiodesis, particularly in females. Both the mFels and abFels systems are promising means of estimating skeletal age, avoiding additional radiation and health-care expenditure. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Engineering of ground with granular piles: a critical review

Granular piles/stone columns are one of the most commonly preferred ground engineering systems for improving a variety of weak soils, such as soft clays, loose sands, waste fills, and ash ponds. They are installed using a range of techniques, namely vibro compaction, vibro replacement, composer method, rammed stone columns, and geopiers, based on on-site conditions and availability of machinery. Granular piles improve the ground by densification especially in loose sands, by reinforcement in case of waste fills and ash ponds, by reinforcement and consolidation in case of soft clays, and mitigate damages from liquefaction by functioning as drains. The paper presents a critical review of developments related to granular piles encompassing recent analytical, experimental, numerical studies, and field investigations of their compressive, uplift, and seismic responses. Three well-documented case histories of an embankment, a mechanically stabilized earth wall, and a liquid storage tank on granular pile-engineered ground are presented to illustrate their versatility.
Nesting cavity diameter has implications for management of the alfalfa leafcutting bee (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

Abstract Body size influences performance in many bee species and may be influenced by nesting cavity diameter in cavity-nesting bees. Megachile rotundata (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) is a commercially-managed, solitary cavity-nesting bee. In M. rotundata body size has low heritability and is strongly influenced by the size of the larval provision and the diameter of the nesting cavity. Commercial nesting boxes have cavities that are 7 mm in diameter. Our goal was to examine the effects that nesting cavity diameter has on M. rotundata body size and performance by manipulating the size of cavities that are available for nesting. We provided bees with nesting cavities that ranged in size from 4 to 9 millimeters in 1 mm increments. To assess body size we measured mass and intertegular span. To assess performance we measured wing area, wing loading, sex, overwintering survival, pollen ball occurrence, and diapause status in the offspring. We also examined the reproductive output from the different nest cavity diameters. We found that the 8 mm cavities reared bees with the largest mass, and 4 mm cavities reared bees with the smallest mass. We determined that the 7 mm nesting cavity is optimal for offspring yield, the 8 mm nesting cavity is optimal for performance, and the 5 mm nesting cavity may be optimal for conservation efforts of other cavity-nesting bees. Based on the desired outcome of the bee managers, nest sizes differing from the standard may provide an advantage.