Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Opportunistic Hybrid Transport Protocol (OHTP) for Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Sensor Networks

The inefficient assignment of spectrum for different communications purposes, plus technology enhancements and ever-increasing usage of wireless technology is causing spectrum scarcity. To address this issue, one of the proposed solutions in the literature is to access the spectrum dynamically or opportunistically. Therefore, the concept of cognitive radio appeared, which opens up a new research paradigm. There is extensive research on the physical, medium access control and network layers. The impact of the transport layer on the performance of cognitive radio ad hoc sensor networks is still unknown/unexplored. The Internet’s de facto transport protocol is not well suited to wireless networks because of its congestion control mechanism. We propose an opportunistic hybrid transport protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc sensor networks. We developed a new congestion control mechanism to differentiate true congestion from interruption loss. After such detection and differentiation, we propose methods to handle them opportunistically. There are several benefits to window- and rate-based protocols. To exploit the benefits of both in order to enhance overall system performance, we propose a hybrid transport protocol. We empirically calculate the optimal threshold value to switch between window- and rate-based mechanisms. We then compare our proposed transport protocol to Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)-friendly rate control, TCP-friendly rate control for cognitive radio, and TCP-friendly window-based control. We ran an extensive set of simulations in Network Simulator 2. The results indicate that the proposed transport protocol performs better than all the others.
Exploring speech therapy games with children on the autism spectrum

Individuals on the autism spectrum often have difficulties producing intelligible speech with either high or low speech rate, and atypical pitch and/or amplitude affect. In this study, we present a novel intervention towards customizing speech enabled games to help them produce intelligible speech. In this approach, we clinically and computationally identify the areas of speech production difficulties of our participants. We provide an interactive and customized interface for the participants to meaningfully manipulate the prosodic aspects of their speech. Over the course of 12 months, we have conducted several pilots to set up the experimental design, developed a suite of games and audio processing algorithms for prosodic analysis of speech. Preliminary results demonstrate our intervention being engaging and effective for our participants.
A comparative radiographic and pathological study of intestinal vaso-architecture in Crohn's disease and in ulcerative colitis

Vascular changes were seen in specimens with lesions of Crohn's disease as well as in ulcerative colitis. In Crohn's disease, the vasculature in the bowel wall was rearranged secondary to thickening of the intestinal coats. An anatomical relationship was often found between the ulcers and the point where arteries break through the muscularis propria. The vasculature was markedly increased in areas with deep ulcers and transmural inflammation, but in areas with only small ulcers and mild inflammatory reaction vascular changes were barely discernible or absent. Occlusive vascular changes were uncommon and not visible in the radiographs. In active ulcerative colitis hypervascularity was more marked than in Crohn's disease, but was confined to the mucosa and adjacent parts of the submucosa. In `burnt-out' atrophy vascularity was not increased and only minor changes in the submucosal arteries were observed. The observations did not suggest that the vascular alterations are of primary importance for the formation of lesions in either disease.
Bridging the Gap in Expectations Between International Students and Academic Staff

This article is concerned with the transition into higher education in the United Kingdom of students with an East Asian background. Such a fusion of cultures (the Western individualist culture and East Asian collectivist culture) often creates a clash of traditions. The tensions that arise between the expectations of the most rapidly growing group of students (namely East Asian students) and the implicit rules that govern the academic and social environments of UK higher education can no longer be overlooked. The authors aim to resolve some of the issues that arise when cultures based on differing philosophies meet within a London University by narrowing the gap between the expectations of international students and academic staff. The ultimate goal, therefore, lies in working toward a synergy of educational cultures.
Adfs, a Novel Tumor-promoting Cell Type Adipocyte-derived Fibroblasts Promote Tumor Progression and Contribute to the Desmoplastic Reaction in Running Title: Adfs, a Novel Tumor-promoting Cell Type

1 Adipocyte-Derived Fibroblasts promote tumor progression and contribute to the desmoplastic reaction in 1 breast cancer. 2 Ludivine Bochet , Camille Lehuédé, Stéphanie Dauvillier , Yuan Yuan Wang , Béatrice Dirat , 3 Victor Laurent , Cédric Dray , Romain Guiet , Isabelle Maridonneau-Parini , Sophie Le Gonidec , 4 Bettina Couderc, Ghislaine Escourrou , Philippe Valet 1,3 and Catherine Muller 1,2 * 5 6 1 Université de Toulouse, UPS, F-31077 Toulouse, France. 7 2 CNRS ; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale F-31077 Toulouse, France. 8 3 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1048, F-31432 Toulouse, France. 9 4 Institut Claudius Regaud, EA3035, F-31052 Toulouse, France. 10 5 Service d’Anatomo-Pathologie, Hôpital de Rangueil, 31403 Toulouse, France. 11 # The two first authors contributed equally to this work 12 13 Running title: ADFs, a novel tumor-promoting cell type 14
The representation of refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants in British newspapers during the Balkan conflict (1999) and the British general election (2005)

This article is a CDA investigation into the representation of refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants during two major events: the Balkan conflict in 1999 and the British general election in 2005 as reflected in British newspapers. The article is part of a larger project on the representation of these groups of people between 1996 and 2006 in British newspapers. The study shows that while there are major similarities in the micro-linguistic categories used in representations of these groups in these two periods, e.g. the metaphors, the overall communicated messages are not similar and the macro-structural contexts behind the processes of interpretation of these discourses play a determining role in transferring certain `meanings'. The research also shows that while newspapers have different strategies in their representations due to their political standpoints, in some important ways they all contribute to a similar construction of these people.
Versatile Three-Level FC-NPC Converter With High Fault-Tolerance Capabilities: Switch Fault Detection and Isolation and Safe Postfault Operation

This paper deals with a hybrid fault-tolerant converter topology. It is performed through the connection of a classical three-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped (3L-NPC) converter with a fourth three-level flying capacitor (3L-FC) leg. The 3L-FC leg actively balances the 3L-NPC neutral-point voltage. For normal operation mode, this paper proposes a mathematical design of the filter needed to connect these two different topologies. Experimentally, and thanks to the already existing decoupling capacitors of the 3L-NPC converter, this filter requires the addition of only one low size inductance. When one fault of the power switch of the 3L-NPC occurs, this paper proposes a hardware reconfiguration technique based on only two fuses and one thyristor per leg allows a safe postfault operation recovery. This is achieved thanks to a simple fault-detection method and a new technique that combines fault leg isolation and corresponding phase postfault connection to the neutral point. Also, a dedicated field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based control of the reconfigured converter is synthetized to ensure power system availability under fault operation mode. The converter fault-tolerant capabilities are addressed through simulation results and original overall experimental validations of the fault detection and isolation and the postfault operation steps, carried out on a 15-kW prototype converter.
Mechanism of nitric oxide-dependent killing of Mycobacterium bovis BCG in human alveolar macrophages

We demonstrated that products of the L-arginine-dependent pathway of human alveolar macrophages (AM) effectively kill the Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in vitro. The formation of products was triggered by inoculation with BCG itself. Many reports have shown that activated rodent AM could produce an amount of nitric oxide (NO) sufficient to suppress the growth of mycobacteria. However, there have been no definitive results as to whether human AM might have the NO-dependent mechanism for the killing of mycobacteria. Therefore, we have undertaken some experiments to answer this question. Immunofluorescence assays showed an increased production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and peroxynitrite in BCG-inoculated AM from patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Reverse transcriptase-PCR also revealed the higher expression of iNOS-coding mRNA. Colony assays demonstrated that these human AM effectively killed BCG in their cytoplasm. However, treatment of AM with N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine monoacetate resulted in markedly reduced killing activity. These results clearly show that BCG-induced NO and its reactive product with the oxygen radical peroxynitrite could play an important role in the killing of BCG in human AM.
The Use of a Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody to Detect Infections of Equine Herpesvirus Type 2 (EHV-2)

A blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect antibodies to equine herpesvirus 2 in serum samples of horses. By measuring the binding to a single epitope, this blocking ELISA gives a good picture of the antibody status in the animal. The test is based on a monoclonal antibody with neutralizing activity and had a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 100%. Antibodies due to newly acquired infection in foals were successfully detected with this blocking ELISA.
A Vision for the Future of Counseling: The 20/20 Principles for Unifying and Strengthening the Profession

This article describes the development of the historic Principles for Unifying and Strengthening the Profession. An outcome of the 20/20: A Vision for the Future of Counseling initiative, this document delineates a core set of principles that unifies and advances the counseling profession. Principles for Unifying and Strengthening the Profession has been endorsed by 29 major counseling organizations.
Tumour Necrosis Factor Superfamily Members in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract of unclear aetiology of which two major forms are Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). CD and UC are immunologically distinct, although they both result from hyperactivation of proinflammatory pathways in intestines and disruption of intestinal epithelial barrier. Members of the tumour necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) are molecules of broad spectrum of activity, including direct disruption of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and costimulation of proinflammatory functions of lymphocytes. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) has a well-established pathological role in IBD which also serves as a target in IBD treatment. In this review we discuss the role of TNF and other TNFSF members, notably, TL1A, FasL, LIGHT, TRAIL, and TWEAK, in the pathogenesis of IBD.
A sensitive, support-vector-machine method for the detection of horizontal gene transfers in viral, archaeal and bacterial genomes

In earlier work, we introduced and discussed a generalized computational framework for identifying horizontal transfers. This framework relied on a gene's nucleotide composition, obviated the need for knowledge of codon boundaries and database searches, and was shown to perform very well across a wide range of archaeal and bacterial genomes when compared with previously published approaches, such as Codon Adaptation Index and C + G content. Nonetheless, two considerations remained outstanding: we wanted to further increase the sensitivity of detecting horizontal transfers and also to be able to apply the method to increasingly smaller genomes. In the discussion that follows, we present such a method, Wn-SVM, and show that it exhibits a very significant improvement in sensitivity compared with earlier approaches. Wn-SVM uses a one-class support-vector machine and can learn using rather small training sets. This property makes Wn-SVM particularly suitable for studying small-size genomes, similar to those of viruses, as well as the typically larger archaeal and bacterial genomes. We show experimentally that the new method results in a superior performance across a wide range of organisms and that it improves even upon our own earlier method by an average of 10% across all examined genomes. As a small-genome case study, we analyze the genome of the human cytomegalovirus and demonstrate that Wn-SVM correctly identifies regions that are known to be conserved and prototypical of all beta-herpesvirinae, regions that are known to have been acquired horizontally from the human host and, finally, regions that had not up to now been suspected to be horizontally transferred. Atypical region predictions for many eukaryotic viruses, including the α-, β- and γ-herpesvirinae, and 123 archaeal and bacterial genomes, have been made available online at .
Feasibility and Observer Reproducibility of Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Congenital Heart Disease Patients

The twisting motion of the heart has an important role in the function of the left ventricle. Speckle tracking echocardiography is able to quantify left ventricular (LV) rotation and twist. So far this new technique has not been used in congenital heart disease patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the feasibility and the intra‐ and inter‐observer reproducibility of LV rotation parameters in adult patients with congenital heart disease.
The reliability of compliance assessments performed by doctors and patients during neuroleptic treatment: a comparison of compliance ratings.

Kampman O, Lehtinen K, Lassila V. The reliability of compliance assessments performed by doctors and patients during neuroleptic treatment: a comparison of compliance ratings. Objective: To compare compliance assessments made by doctors and patients during neuroleptic drug treatment and to detect any variables explaining the discrepancies between their ratings. Method: Compliance reports regarding neuroleptic medication were collected from 100 in-patients and out-patients and from their doctors. Re-ratings were performed after 1-2 weeks. Compliance ratings were compared with demographic, treatment and symptom-related variables and with the Attitudes to Neuroleptic Treatment (ANT) questionnaire using logistic regression analysis. Results: The doctors' and patients' compliance ratings showed good test retest reliability (r = 0.80, doctors; r = 0.81, patients) and concordance (79% of the cases within the limits of ± 25%-units deviation). Variables explaining discrepancies between the ratings included female gender, a low level of education, the diagnosis of mania, a high neuroleptic dose and several items from the ANT scale. Conclusion: Manic episodes, negative attitudes to neuroleptic medication and a high-dose treatment increase the risk for deviating views of compliance in the doctor-patient relationship.
Fast-lifting approach to time-delay systems: Fundamental framework

This paper gives a novel approach to time-delay systems consisting of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system and a pure delay. The fast-lifting technique, introduced recently in the context of the study of sampled-data systems, is applied to the monodromy operator of a time-delay system to define the fast-lifted monodromy operator, and a stability condition is given in terms of the spectral radius of the latter operator. Then, by investigating the properties of this operator, an operator class described by two finite-dimensional matrices is introduced as candidates for a solution to the associated operator Lyapunov inequality. It is then established that the analysis restricted to such a class gives an asymptotically exact and nonconservative method for stability analysis if the integer N for fast-lifting is taken sufficiently large.
Distribution of gastric carcinoma in an area with a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori.

BACKGROUND/AIMS South Asia is an enigma for gastric cancer (GC) because it is a low risk region with a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections. We evaluated the trend of GC clinical presentation and risk factors in patients with dyspeptic symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical records of patients, coded by the international classification of diseases (ICD-10-CM, 2015, Diagnosis Code C16.9) for malignancies of stomach diagnosed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and histopathology, were studied. RESULTS 394 GC cases with a mean age of 54±15 years, range of 18 to 88, were analyzed. 256 (65%) were male. Distal non-cardiac and cardiac tumors were 302 (77%) and 92 (23%) cases, respectively. The WHO classification of GC defined 222 (56%) cases as intestinal type adenocarcinoma, 68 (17%) cases as signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC), 62 (16%) cases as diffuse type and 42 (11%) cases as B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The co-morbid conditions associated with GC were H. pylori infection (positive in 246 (62%) cases), diabetes mellitus type 2 (in 90 (23%) cases), and cigarette smoking (in 94 (24%) cases). Of the male patients, 88 (34%) (p<0.001) were smokers. Body mass index was abnormal in all age groups and in both sexes. Cardiac regions for GC were more common in the 46- to 60-year old age range and in males. Diffuse GC was seen in all age groups but there were significantly more common in the 18- to 45-year old age range. Gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was seen at an early age of 18-45 years in 14(12%) and a later of 61-88 years in 20 (15%). CONCLUSION Intestinal type GC is common at all ages but SRC and diffuse GC are more common in patients less than 50 years old. SRC and diffuse GC were not specific to the elderly in our study population.
Model-based multiscale detection of 3D vessels

In this paper, we present a new approach to segment vessels from 3D angiography of the brain. Our approach is based on a vessel model and uses a multiscale analysis in order to extract the vessel network surrounding an aneurysm. Our model allows us to choose a criterion based on the eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix for selecting a subset of interesting points near the vessel center. It also allows us to choose a good parameter for a /spl gamma/-normalization of the single scale response. The response at one scale is obtained by integrating along a circle the first derivative of the intensity in the radial direction. Once the multiscale response is obtained, we create a smoothed skeleton of the vessels combined with a MIP or a volume rendering to enhance their visualization. The method has been tested on a large variety of 3-D images of the brain, with excellent results. Vessels of various size and contrast are detected with a remarkable robustness, and most junctions are preserved.
Impact of low‐dose involved‐field radiation therapy on pediatric patients with lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma treated with chemotherapy: A report from the Children's Oncology Group

Treatment of pediatric lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (LPHL) is controversial but has typically consisted of both chemotherapy and radiation. Radiation therapy is associated with potential late effects in children and adolescents. We examined the impact of radiation therapy on long‐term outcome of patients with LPHL treated on CCG‐5942, a large pediatric cooperative group study of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL).
Local Presentation of Substrate Molecules Directs Axon Specification by Cultured Hippocampal Neurons

Axon specification is a crucial, early step in neuronal development, but little is known about how this event is controlledin vivo. To test the hypothesis that local presentation of growth-promoting molecules can direct axon specification, we cultured hippocampal neurons on substrates patterned with stripes of poly-l-lysine and either laminin (LN) or the neuron–glia cell adhesion molecule (NgCAM). Although undifferentiated neurites contacted both substrates equally, axons formed preferentially on LN or NgCAM. Time-lapse studies revealed that changes in the growth pattern of a cell indicative of axon specification began almost immediately after the growth cone of one of the neurites of the cell contacted LN or NgCAM. When cells were plated on alternating stripes of LN and NgCAM, cells with their somata on LN usually formed axons on NgCAM, whereas those with somata on NgCAM preferentially formed axons on LN. This suggests that the change from one axon-promoting substrate to another also provides a signal sufficient to specify the axon. These results demonstrate that contact with preferred substrate molecules can govern which neurite becomes the axon and thus direct the development of neuronal polarity.
Genome-Wide Linkage Mapping of QTL for Adult-Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust in a Chinese Wheat Population Linmai 2 × Zhong 892

Stripe rust is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum) worldwide. Adult-plant resistance (APR) is an efficient approach to provide long-term protection of wheat from the disease. The Chinese winter wheat cultivar Zhong 892 has a moderate level of APR to stripe rust in the field. To determine the inheritance of the APR resistance in this cultivar, 273 F6 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were developed from a cross between Linmai 2 and Zhong 892. The RILs were evaluated for maximum disease severity (MDS) in two sites during the 2011–2012, 2012–2013 and 2013–2014 cropping seasons, providing data for five environments. Illumina 90k SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) chips were used to genotype the RILs and their parents. Composite interval mapping (CIM) detected eight QTL, namely QYr.caas-2AL, QYr.caas-2BL.3, QYr.caas-3AS, QYr.caas-3BS, QYr.caas-5DL, QYr.caas-6AL, QYr.caas-7AL and QYr.caas-7DS.1, respectively. All except QYr.caas-2BL.3 resistance alleles were contributed by Zhong 892. QYr.caas-3AS and QYr.caas-3BS conferred stable resistance to stripe rust in all environments, explaining 6.2–17.4% and 5.0–11.5% of the phenotypic variances, respectively. The genome scan of SNP sequences tightly linked to QTL for APR against annotated proteins in wheat and related cereals genomes identified two candidate genes (autophagy-related gene and disease resistance gene RGA1), significantly associated with stripe rust resistance. These QTL and their closely linked SNP markers, in combination with kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) technology, are potentially useful for improving stripe rust resistances in wheat breeding.