Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Encyclopedia of Capitalism

The first and only encyclopedic set focusing exclusively on this phenomenon, Encyclopedia of Capitalism provides clearly written definitions, descriptions, and explanations of topics and terms that one is likely to encounter when studying capitalism. With more and more countries participating in capitalist business practices, this work serves as a timely, accessible reference on the subject.
Medfly (Diptera:Tephritidae) Genetic Sexing: Large-Scale Field Comparison of Males-Only and Bisexual Sterile Fly Releases in Guatemala

Abstract The effect of releases of bisexual (males and female) and unisexual (male only) sterilized medflies was compared in three large field evaluations over a 3-yr period (1995–1997) in southwestern Guatemala. The two strains tested were a genetic sexing strain, Vienna-4/Tol-94, carrying the temperature sensitive tsl gene to eliminate females in the egg stage, and the standard bisexual Petapa strain. Flies were mass-reared, sterilized by irradiation as pupae, shipped to a field center, and released by air as young adults over 2 km by 2 km core areas in the centers of separate 6 km by 6 km test plots. Strain performance was monitored weekly by trapping sterile and wild male adults in core and buffer areas and by collecting eggs from coffee berries to determine induced sterility. Results indicated a several-fold advantage for the males-only strain as measured by the level of induced sterility, especially at the very high release ratios of 100:1 recorded in 1997. During that final test year, sterile-fly release rates were increased to provide high sterile:wild (S:W) fly ratios in the field, and egg sterility reached levels in excess of 70% in plots were the male-only strain was used. However, in the plots where the bisexual strain was released, induced sterility only reached 12% despite S:W ratios above 1,000:1.
Reconfigurable SiGe Low-Noise Amplifiers With Variable Miller Capacitance

A new input matching method making use of shunt-shunt feedback capacitance is introduced. Based on the new input matching method, reconfigurable SiGe low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) by varying shunt-shunt feedback capacitance are proposed. Two approaches are used to vary the shunt-shunt feedback capacitance. One approach is to switch between two different bias currents while the other is to use a series combination of a switch and a capacitor. Miniaturized fully monolithic reconfigurable SiGe LNAs without emitter degenerative inductors were realized by the above two approaches. The reconfigurable SiGe LNA achieved by switching bias currents only occupies a very small area of 355 mumtimes155 mum, excluding measurement pads. This LNA achieves an input return losses (S11) of -27.6 dB, a voltage gain (A v) of 19.8 dB, and a noise figure (NF) of 3.18 dB for 2.4-GHz band when biased at a current of 3.8 mA and can be reconfigured to obtain Av=20.4/20.3 dB, S11=-47.1/-24.6 dB and NF=3.42/3.21 dB for 5.2/5.7-GHz band when bias current is switched to 3 mA. In addition, a 2.4/4.9/5.2/5.7-GHz reconfigurable SiGe LNAs for WLAN applications, whose variable shunt-shunt feedback capacitance is controlled by a switch and a capacitor, was also realized
Evaluating deformation patterns of the thoracic aorta in gated CTA sequences

Cardiovascular interventions in the region of the aortic isthmus such as stent-grafting and vessel transposition introduce substantial changes in the deformation properties of the affected vessels. The changes play a fundamental role in the long-term prognosis for any such treatment, but are only poorly understood to date. We explore a fully automated method to quantify the deformation patterns of the thoracic aorta in gated computed tomography sequences. The aorta is segmented by a level set approach that accurately identifies the vessel lumen in each frame of the sequence. Consequently, landmarks on the vessel wall in each frame are registered using a probabilistic method. This allows for the measurement of global and local deformation properties. We evaluate our method on synthetic datasets and report first results of its application on real world data.
A Case Study for the Application of Text-independent Forensic Speaker Recognition Using Bayesian Interpretation

In this study, a Bayesian interpretation framework for forensic automatic speaker recognition is applied. The Bayesian approach is applied to a real world forensic case in which the reference and test utterances are recorded by the police criminology department. Models for accused person and additional 10 individuals unrelated with the case are modelled by adapting each from a universal background model. Gaussian mixture model is used and maximum likelihood linear regression method is applied to adapt each person by using a limited amount of data. The results have shown that the likelihood ratio calculated from the reference and test data seems to be an auxiliary evidence which contributes to the final decision.
An annotation assistant for interactive debugging of programs with common synchronization idioms

This paper explores an approach to improving the practical usability of static verification tools for debugging synchronization idioms. Synchronization idioms such as mutual exclusion and readers/writer locks are widely-used to ensure atomicity of critical regions. We present an annotation assistant that automatically generates program annotations. These annotations express noninterference between program statements, ensured by the synchronization idioms, and are used to identify atomic code regions. This allows the programmer to debug the use of the idioms in the program. We start by formalizing several well-known idioms by providing an abstract semantics for each idiom. For programs that use these idioms, we require the programmer to provide a few predicates linking the idiom with its realization in terms of program variables. From these, we automatically generate a proof script that is mechanically checked. These scripts include steps such as automatically generating assertions and annotating program actions with them, introducing auxiliary variables and invariants. We have successfully shown the applicability of this approach to several concurrent programs from the literature.
Evolutionary Psychology and Intelligence Research

This article seeks to unify two subfields of psychology that have hitherto stood separately: evolutionary psychology and intelligence research/differential psychology. I suggest that general intelligence may simultaneously be an evolved adaptation and an individual-difference variable. Tooby and Cosmides’s (1990a) notion of random quantitative variation on a monomorphic design allows us to incorporate heritable individual differences in evolved adaptations. The Savanna–IQ Interaction Hypothesis, which is one consequence of the integration of evolutionary psychology and intelligence research, can potentially explain why less intelligent individuals enjoy TV more, why liberals are more intelligent than conservatives, and why night owls are more intelligent than morning larks, among many other findings. The general approach proposed here will allow us to integrate evolutionary psychology with any other aspect of differential psychology.
Field-Induced Dysprosium Single-Molecule Magnet Based on a Redox-Active Fused 1,10-Phenanthroline-Tetrathiafulvalene-1,10-Phenanthroline Bridging Triad

Tetrathiafulvalene and 1,10-phenanthroline moieties present, respectively remarkable redox-active and complexation activities. In this work, we investigated the coordination reaction between the bis(1,10-phenanthro[5,6-b])tetrathiafulvalene triad (L) and the Dy(hfac)3·2H2O metallo precursor. The resulting {[Dy2(hfac)6(L)]·CH2Cl2·C6H14}3 (1) dinuclear complex showed a crystal structure in which the triad L bridged two terminal Dy(hfac)3 units and the supramolecular co-planar arrangement of the triads is driven by donor-acceptor interactions. The frequency dependence of the out-of-phase component of the magnetic susceptibility highlights three distinct maxima under a 2000 Oe static applied magnetic field, a sign that 1 displays a Single-Molecule Magnet (SMM) behavior with multiple magnetic relaxations. Ab initio calculations rationalized the Ising character of the magnetic anisotropy of the DyIII ions and showed that the main anisotropy axes are perpendicular to the co-planar arrangement of the triads. Single-crystal rotating magnetometry confirms the orientation of the main magnetic axis. Finally combining structural analysis and probability of magnetic relaxation pathways through Quantum Tunneling of the Magnetization (QTM) vs. excited states (Orbach), each DyIII center has been attributed to one of the three observed magnetic relaxation times. Such coordination compound can be considered as an ideal candidate to perform redox-magnetic switching.
The relationship between cytoplasmic free Ca2+ and the release of glutamate from synaptosomes.

1. -glutamate is the major fast neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (for a review, see 11 1 ) and is implicated in theorics of memory and learning (for a review. see 121) and also ischaemic damage 131. T h e C a 2 + hypothesis o f transmitter release (reviewed in 141) is fundamental t o our understanding of the mechanism of transmitter release and in this paper we report some recent experiments on the coupling o f Ca? + entry to glutamate release from guinea-pig cercbrocortical synaptosomes. Isolated nerve terminals (synaptosomcs) are biocnergetically intact. maintain a high membrane potential. a low cytoplasmic free Ca? + concentration ([Ca'+ Ic), good respiratory control and retain the ability to release neurotransmitters in a Ca' +-dependent manner (for review, see [ S I ) . Previous work in this laboratory has investigated the Ca2 + -dependency o f glutamate transmitter release, from a vesicular store 16 j, using a continuous fluorometric assay 171. Release is ATP dependent I8.0).
Online Budgeted Repeated Matching

A basic combinatorial online resource allocation problem is considered, where multiple servers have individual capacity constraints, and at each time slot, a set of jobs arrives, that have potentially different weights to different servers. At each time slot, a one-to-one matching has to be found between jobs and servers, subject to individual capacity constraints, in an online manner. The objective is to maximize the aggregate weight of jobs allotted to servers, summed across time slots and servers, subject to individual capacity constraints. This problem generalizes the well known adwords problem, and is also relevant for various other modern applications. A simple greedy algorithm is shown to be 3-competitive, whenever the weight of any edge is at most half of the corresponding server capacity. Moreover, a randomized version of the greedy algorithm is shown to be 6-competitive for the unrestricted edge weights case. For parallel servers with small-weight jobs, we show that a load-balancing algorithm is near-optimal.
Improving prediction from dirichlet process mixtures via enrichment

Flexible covariate-dependent density estimation can be achieved by modelling the joint density of the response and covariates as a Dirichlet process mixture. An appealing aspect of this approach is that computations are relatively easy. In this paper, we examine the predictive performance of these models with an increasing number of covariates. Even for a moderate number of covariates, we find that the likelihood for x tends to dominate the posterior of the latent random partition, degrading the predictive performance of the model. To overcome this, we suggest using a different nonparametric prior, namely an enriched Dirichlet process. Our proposal maintains a simple allocation rule, so that computations remain relatively simple. Advantages are shown through both predictive equations and examples, including an application to diagnosis Alzheimer's disease.
School Disciplinary Climate: Characteristics and Effects on Eighth Grade Achievement

Seven dimensions of school disciplinary climate were identified based on a representative sample of grade 8 students in the United States. Within schools students varied considerably in their perceptions and experiences about discipline. The variation was related mainly to students' socioeconomic status (SES), sex, and ethnicity. There was a significant contextual effect of school mean SES on disciplinary climate, larger titan the individual effect of SES. Schools with primary or intermediate grades tended to have more favorable disciplinary climates titan either junior or senior high schools. School location had small effects on disciplinary climate. The disciplinary measure with the strongest relationship to academic achievement pertained to classroom disruption.
A NEW EYEGLASSES REMOVING METHOD BY USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS AND ITS APPLICATION FOR FACE RECOGNITION

Face recognition system is greatly influenced by environmental disturbances such as light condition, thus it is a key to eliminate the influence due to these factors. Since wearing eyeglasses gives a different impression, it is necessary to remove eyeglasses, or to probe in the same condition on eyeglasses at registration. We propose a novel face preprocessing algorithm which removes eyeglasses based on PCA, followed by a face recognition core. According to the evaluation using the VALID database as well as an original one, the system demonstrated to have a great advance on EER factors.
Expansion of deciduous tall shrubs but not evergreen dwarf shrubs inhibited by reindeer in Scandes mountain range

One of the most palpable effects of warming in Arctic ecosystems is shrub expansion above the tree line. However, previous studies have found that reindeer can influence plant community responses to warming and inhibit shrubification of the tundra. We revisited grazed (ambient) and ungrazed study plots (exclosures), at the southern as well as the northern limits of the Swedish alpine region, to study long‐term grazing effects and vegetation changes in response to increasing temperatures between 1995 and 2011, in two vegetation types (shrub heath and mountain birch forest). In the field layer at the shrub heath sites, evergreen dwarf shrubs had increased in cover from 26% to 49% but were unaffected by grazing. Deciduous dwarf and tall shrubs also showed significant, though smaller, increases over time. At the birch forest sites, the increase was similar for evergreen dwarf shrubs (20–48%) but deciduous tall shrubs did not show the same consistent increase over time as in the shrub heath. The cover and height of the shrub layer were significantly greater in exclosures at the shrub heath sites, but no significant treatment effects were found on species richness or diversity. July soil temperatures and growing season thawing degree days (TDD) were higher in exclosures at all but one site, and there was a significant negative correlation between mean shrub layer height and soil TDD at the shrub heath sites. Synthesis. This study shows that shrub expansion is occurring rapidly in the Scandes mountain range, both above and below the tree line. Tall, deciduous shrubs had benefitted significantly from grazing exclosure, both in terms of cover and height, which in turn lowered summer soil temperatures. However, the overriding vegetation shift across our sites was the striking increase in evergreen dwarf shrubs, which were not influenced by grazing. As the effects of an increase in evergreen dwarf shrubs and more recalcitrant plant litter may to some degree counteract some of the effects of an increase in deciduous tall shrubs, herbivore influence on shrub interactions is potentially of great importance for shaping arctic shrub expansion and its associated ecosystem effects.
A combinatorial radiographic phenotype may stratify patient survival and be associated with invasion and proliferation characteristics in glioblastoma.

OBJECTIVE Individual MRI characteristics (e.g., volume) are routinely used to identify survival-associated phenotypes for glioblastoma (GBM). This study investigated whether combinations of MRI features can also stratify survival. Furthermore, the molecular differences between phenotype-induced groups were investigated. METHODS Ninety-two patients with imaging, molecular, and survival data from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas)-GBM collection were included in this study. For combinatorial phenotype analysis, hierarchical clustering was used. Groups were defined based on a cutpoint obtained via tree-based partitioning. Furthermore, differential expression analysis of microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression data was performed using GenePattern Suite. Functional analysis of the resulting genes and miRNAs was performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Pathway analysis was performed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. RESULTS Clustering analysis reveals that image-based grouping of the patients is driven by 3 features: volume-class, hemorrhage, and T1/FLAIR-envelope ratio. A combination of these features stratifies survival in a statistically significant manner. A cutpoint analysis yields a significant survival difference in the training set (median survival difference: 12 months, p = 0.004) as well as a validation set (p = 0.0001). Specifically, a low value for any of these 3 features indicates favorable survival characteristics. Differential expression analysis between cutpoint-induced groups suggests that several immune-associated (natural killer cell activity, T-cell lymphocyte differentiation) and metabolism-associated (mitochondrial activity, oxidative phosphorylation) pathways underlie the transition of this phenotype. Integrating data for mRNA and miRNA suggests the roles of several genes regulating proliferation and invasion. CONCLUSIONS A 3-way combination of MRI phenotypes may be capable of stratifying survival in GBM. Examination of molecular processes associated with groups created by this combinatorial phenotype suggests the role of biological processes associated with growth and invasion characteristics.
A Network Security Analysis Method Using Vulnerability Correlation

Recently in-depth analysis of network security vulnerability must consider attacker exploits not just in isolation, but also in combination. The general approach to this problem is to compute attack graphs using a variety of graph-based algorithms. However, such methods generally suffer the exponential state space problem. Therefore, this paper brings forward two conceptions of vulnerability correlation matrix and vulnerability correlation graph (VCG). An algorithm based on vulnerability correlation matrix was proposed to generate VCGs. An example was given to illustrate the application and effect of the algorithm in network security analysis. Deep analysis proves that VCGs have polynomial complexity of the number of network vulnerabilities and scale well for large networks. Moreover, the example shows that VCGs are a good help to and convenient for network security management.
Antioxidant activities of isoflavones and their biological metabolites in a liposomal system.

Genistein and daidzein, the two major soy isoflavones, principally occur in nature as their glycosylated or methoxylated derivatives, which are cleaved in the large intestine to yield the free aglycones and further metabolites. The objective of this study was to compare the antioxidant activities of genistein and daidzein with their glycosylated and methoxylated derivatives and also those of their human metabolites. The abilities of these compounds to inhibit lipid peroxidation in a liposomal system were evaluated using fluorescence spectroscopy, and structural criteria that enhance antioxidant activity were established. The peroxidation initiators employed in the study were Fe(II) and Fe(III) metal ions and aqueous-phase, azo-derived peroxyl radicals. Both the parent isoflavonoids and their metabolites were more effective at suppressing metal-ion-induced peroxidations than the peroxyl-radical-induced peroxidation. Antioxidant activities for the isoflavone metabolites were comparable to or superior to those for the parent compounds. Equol and its 4-hydroxy and 5-hydroxy derivatives were the most potent antioxidants in the study, suggesting that absence of the 2, 3-double bond and the 4-oxo group on the isoflavone nucleus enhances antioxidant activity. Additionally, the number and position of hydroxyl groups were determining factors for isoflavonoid antioxidant activity, with hydroxyl substitution being of utmost importance at the C-4' position, of moderate importance at the C-5 position, and of little significance at the C-7 position.
PIK3CA mutations in human solid tumors: Role in sensitivity to various therapeutic approaches

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a group of lipid kinases that regulate signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, adhesion, survival and motility. The PI3K pathway is considered to play an important role in tumorigenesis. Activating mutations of the p110α subunit of PI3K (PIK3CA) have been identified in a broad spectrum of tumors. Analyses of PIK3CA mutations reveals that they increase the PI3K signal, stimulate downstream Akt signaling, promote growth factor-independent growth and increase cell invasion and metastasis. In this review, we analyze the contribution of the PIK3CA mutations in cancer, and their possible implications for diagnosis and therapy.
Employment relations in Britain : 25 years of the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service

1. Introduction: John Houghton (Chairman, ACAS). 2. The First Quarter Century: William Brown (University of Cambridge) and Brian Towers (Nottingham Trent University). 3. Setting the Pace or Running Alongside? ACAS and the Changing Employment Relationship: Bill Hawes. 4. Building Bridges and Settling Differences: Collective Conciliation and Arbitration Under ACAS: John Goodman. 5. Doing More With Less: ACAS and Individual Conciliation: Linda Dickens. 6. Doing it with Style: The Work of the ACAS Conciliator in Individual Employment Rights Cases: Gill Dix. 7. Learning from a Repeating History? ACAS and Trade Union Recognition: Stephen Wood. 8. Supporting Collective Bargaining: Some Comparative Reflections: Bob Hepple. 9. After Collective Bargaining? ACAS in the Age of Human Resource Management: John Purcell. 10. The Best and the Worst of Times: Survival and Progress, 1974--2000 and Beyond: Brian Towers and William Brown.
Förändringen av en organisation : Lean i Växjö kommun

Is it possible to conduct a joint organizational change despite different circumstances and different starting points, and still talk about the same organizational change? Can all the work that leads to more efficient operations fall into the same category? How can such concept gain legitimacy? The result shows that by talking about a concept, in this case, Lean, as something that leads to a better and more efficient organization, without for that matter have to set a defined content of the concept you still can present the process as one concept. Tough the concept will be practically blank. But there is still a rhetorical value in the concept of Lean. The organization institutionalizes the concept and obtains in this way legitimacy from its surroundings. Although, the actual work performed would probably been implemented even without using the term.
DBT Skills Training: Manual

I. An Introduction to DBT Skills Training 1. Rationale for Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training 2. Planning to Conduct DBT Skills Training 3. Structuring Skills Training Sessions 4. Skills Training Treatment Targets and Procedures 5. Application of Fundamental DBT Strategies in Behavioral Skills Training Part I Appendices II. Teaching Notes for DBT Skills Modules 6. General Skills: Orientation and Analyzing Behavior 7. Mindfulness Skills 8. Interpersonal Effectiveness Skills 9. Emotion Regulation Skills 10. Distress Tolerance Skills Index