Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The estimation of potential yield and stock status using life–history parameters

Using life–history invariants, this paper develops techniques that allow the estimation of maximum sustainable yield and the fishing mortality rate that produces the maximum yield from estimates of the growth parameters, the length at first capture and the steepness of the stock recruitment relationship. This allows sustainable yields and fishing capacity to be estimated from sparse data, such as those available for developing country fisheries.
Mining Online Hotel Reviews: A Case Study from Hotels in China

Social media plays an important role in today’s world and provides an efficient way for business to interact and communicate with their customers. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the English written online reviews of some three to five-star hotels in four big cities in China: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen. 58 three to five-star hotels were selected through TripAdvisor including 34 domestic hotels and 24 global chain hotels. Studies indicate that organizations that focus on analytics significantly outperform their peers on the key business metrics of growth, earnings and performance. The results of the case study offer clear managerial implications for hotel managers through the use of natural language preprocessing, text mining and sentiment analysis techniques.
Molecular and Functional Diversity of the Expanding GABA‐A Receptor Gene Family

ABSTRACT: Fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the mammalian CNS is mediated primarily by the neurotransmitter γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), which, upon binding to its receptor, leads to opening of the intrinsic ion channel, allowing chloride to enter the cell. Over the past 10 years it has become clear that a family of GABA‐A receptor subtypes exists, generated through the coassembly of polypeptides selected from α1‐α6, β1‐β3, γ1‐γ3, δ, ɛ, and π to form what is most likely a pentomeric macromolecule. The gene transcripts, and indeed the polypeptides, show distinct patterns of temporal and spatial expression, such that the GABA‐A receptor subtypes have a defined localization that presumably reflects their physiological role. A picture is beginning to emerge of the properties conferred to receptor subtypes by the different subunits; these include different functional properties, differential modulation by protein kinases, and the targeting to different membrane compartments. These properties presumably underlie the different physiological roles of the various receptor subtypes. Recently we have identified a further member of the GABA‐A receptor gene family, which we have termed θ, which appears to be most closely related to the β subunits. The structure, function, and distribution of θ‐containing receptors, and receptors containing the recently reported ɛ subunit, are described.
Effect of once-daily suckling and parity on follicular dynamics in postpartum Brahman cows

Effect of Once-daily Suckling and Parity on Follicular Dynamics in Postpartum Brahman Cows. (May 2006) Javier Ramirez III, B.S., Texas A&M University-Kingsville Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Ronald D. Randel Changes in follicular dynamics were monitored in forty-four Brahman multiparous (n=30) and primiparous (n=14) cows randomly assigned to control (n=22) and once-daily suckling (n=22) treatments. Daily transrectal ultrasonography images were taken from d 21 through 88 post-calving or detection of first estrus. Suckling treatment was introduced on d 28 post-calving. Follicular waves were profiled and characterized by development and regression of a variable number of small and medium sized (2-9 mm) follicles before one of the follicles differentiated and became the dominant follicle. Primiparous cows had 34% more (P<0.04) follicular waves (4.8 + 0.6) than did the multiparous cows (3.1 + 0.4) prior to first ovulation (FO). Once-daily suckled multiparous cows had 37% fewer (P<0.03) follicular waves (2.4 + 0.5) prior to FO than controls. Interval from calving to FO was reduced (P < 0.05) by an average of 12 d by once-daily suckling in multiparous cows. Primiparous cows developed 30% more (P<0.02) dominant follicles (6.3 + 0.6) from d 21 to estrus than did the multiparous cows (4.3 + 0.4). Ovulation before d 88 occurred in 42 of 44 (95%) cows. Behavioral estrus was not detected in 40 of 42 (95%) cows at FO. The length of the subsequent
Where are ELKO spinor fields in Lounesto spinor field classification

This paper proves that from the algebraic point of view ELKO spinor fields belong together with Majorana spinor fields to a wider class, the so-called flagpole spinor fields, corresponding to the class 5, according to Lounesto spinor field classification. We show moreover that algebraic constraints imply that any class 5 spinor field is such that the 2-component spinor fields entering its structure have opposite helicities. The proof of our statement is based on Lounesto general classification of all spinor fields, according to the relations and values taken by their associated bilinear covariants, and can eventually shed some new light on the algebraic investigations concerning dark matter.
Lithium intoxication: Incidence, clinical course and renal function – a population-based retrospective cohort study

When prescribing lithium, the risk of toxicity remains a concern. In this study, we examined a cohort of patients exposed to lithium between 1997 and 2013. The aims of this study were to determine the frequency of lithium intoxication and to evaluate the clinical course and changes in renal function. Of 1340 patients, 96 had experienced at least one episode of lithium levels ⩾1.5 mmol/L, yielding an incidence of 0.01 per patient-year. Seventy-seven patients available for review had experienced 91 episodes, of whom 34% required intensive care and 13% were treated with haemodialysis. There were no fatalities. Acute kidney injury occurred, but renal function at baseline was not different to renal function after the episode. Renal impairment was often associated with co-morbidities and other factors. Both intermittent and continuous-venovenous haemodialysis were used, but the clearance of continuous-venovenous haemodialysis can be too low in cases where large amounts of lithium have been ingested. Saline and forced diuresis have been used and are safe. Lithium intoxication seems rare and can be safely managed in most cases. Physicians should not withhold lithium for fear of intoxication in patients who benefit from it. Yet, physicians should have a low threshold to screen for toxicity.
Size control mechanism of ZnO nanoparticles obtained in microwave solvothermal synthesis

The aim of the paper is to explain the mechanism of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle (NP) size control, which enables the size control of ZnO NPs obtained in microwave solvothermal synthesis (MSS) within the size range between circa 20 and 120 nm through the control of water content in the solution of zinc acetate in ethylene glycol. Heavy water was used in the tests. The mechanism of ZnO NPs size control was explained, discussed and experimentally verified. The discovery and investigation of this mechanism was possible by tracking the fate of water molecules during the whole synthesis process. All the synthesis products were identified. It was indicated that the MSS of ZnO NPs proceeded through the formation and conversion of intermediates such as Zn5(OH)8(CH3COO)2 · xH2O. Esters and H2O were the by-products of the MSS reaction of ZnO NPs. We justified that the esterification reaction is the decisive stage that is a prerequisite of the formation of ZnO NPs. The following parameters of the obtained ZnO NPs and of the intermediate were determined: pycnometric density, specific surface area, phase purity, average particles size, particles size distribution and chemical composition. The ZnO NPs morphology and structure were determined using scanning electron microscopy.
Recapping Laminoplasty for Adult Low-Grade Isthmic Spondylolisthesis

Study design: Prospective study. Objectives of the study: To assess the results of recapping laminoplasty with posterior instrumentation and fusion in the management of adult low grade isthemic spondylolithesis. Background: Isthmic spondylolisthesis is a condition where there is a translational displacement of the upper vertebral body compared to the lower one secondary to a defect in the pars interarticularis. Methods: We treated10 patients, 3 men and 7 women with average age of 42.6 years using the technique of recapping laminoplasty and posterior transpedicular fixation and fusion. The mean vertebral slip was 33.5% (14-47%) preoperative, 6% (0-12%) direct postoperative and 7.4% (0-14%) after 1 year. Results: At the latest follow up visit after 1 year 9 patients achieved fusion while 1 patient had non-union. The Oswestry disability index was mild in 8 patients and moderate in 2 patients. Conclusion: Recapping laminoplasty can be used safely and effectively with anatomic reconstruction of the posterior structures for the management of adult low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis.
Collective quantum behaviors in the quantum well associated with the strongly inversed channel

Deeply understanding how FinFET transistors behave causes a lot of interest and attentions. Mostly, the current, IDS, flows through the strongly-inversed layer about hundreds of angstroms in the channel of an enhancement-mode MOSFET device as a bias exceeding the threshold voltage is applied to Gate. As for FinFET devices, there are two features that are intriguing. For one thing, the leakage current at VG=0 gets suppressed even for much shorter channel lengths. That is to say, the whole fin gets fully depleted except the strongly-inversed layer, and thus establishes the obstacle to prevent outrageous leakage current as the channel is challengingly shrunk to under 40nm. For the second thing, many N/P channel FinFET devices are surprisingly found to have negative/positive threshold voltages which are unexpected from the conventional point of view. Somehow, the summation of the fin width (0.110 micron ) of FinFET and double the gate polysilicon thickness (0.15 micron × 2) is just about half a micron, which is comparable to the wavelength of thermal radiation ( at the order of one micron), so that the thermal waves can resonate with the whole fin so easily at the first Harmonic mode. A collective motion of electrons is thus proposed to explain how it could happen. Those thermally energetic carriers oscillate back and forth with the plasma frequency across the quantum well of the fin causing internal bias on the channel, which would strongly inverse the channel type. Higher temperatures corresponding to the higher amplitudes of oscillations and threshold voltages can be seen to be closely correlated with the temperature.
Mutations in GNA11 in uveal melanoma.

BACKGROUND Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular cancer. There are no effective therapies for metastatic disease. Mutations in GNAQ, the gene encoding an alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins, are found in 40% of uveal melanomas. METHODS We sequenced exon 5 of GNAQ and GNA11, a paralogue of GNAQ, in 713 melanocytic neoplasms of different types (186 uveal melanomas, 139 blue nevi, 106 other nevi, and 282 other melanomas). We sequenced exon 4 of GNAQ and GNA11 in 453 of these samples and in all coding exons of GNAQ and GNA11 in 97 uveal melanomas and 45 blue nevi. RESULTS We found somatic mutations in exon 5 (affecting Q209) and in exon 4 (affecting R183) in both GNA11 and GNAQ, in a mutually exclusive pattern. Mutations affecting Q209 in GNA11 were present in 7% of blue nevi, 32% of primary uveal melanomas, and 57% of uveal melanoma metastases. In contrast, we observed Q209 mutations in GNAQ in 55% of blue nevi, 45% of uveal melanomas, and 22% of uveal melanoma metastases. Mutations affecting R183 in either GNAQ or GNA11 were less prevalent (2% of blue nevi and 6% of uveal melanomas) than the Q209 mutations. Mutations in GNA11 induced spontaneously metastasizing tumors in a mouse model and activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. CONCLUSIONS Of the uveal melanomas we analyzed, 83% had somatic mutations in GNAQ or GNA11. Constitutive activation of the pathway involving these two genes appears to be a major contributor to the development of uveal melanoma. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.).
Echo State Network with SVM-readout for customer churn prediction

In all customer based industries, customer churn is considered as one of the most important and challenging concerns since it can lead to a serious profit loss. Therefore, developing accurate churn prediction models can significantly help Customer Relationship Management in planning effective retention campaigns and consequently helps in maximizing the profit of the service provider. In this paper, we propose the use of an Echo State Network (ESN) with a Support Vector Machine (SVM) training algorithm for predicting customer churn in telecommunication companies. The proposed approach is trained and tested based on two datasets: the first is a popular online available dataset while the second is obtained from a local service provider. Experiment results show that ESN with SVM readout outperform other popular machine learning models used in the literature for the same customer churn prediction problems.
Aphrodisiac evaluation in non‐copulator male rats after chronic administration of Eurycoma longifolia Jack *

The aphrodisiac effect of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (0.5 g/kg) was evaluated in noncopulator male rats using an electrical cage. Fractions of E. longifolia Jack decreased the hesitation time of noncopulator male rats, throughout the investigation period. Furthermore, it possessed a transient increase in the percentage of the male rats responding to the right choice, more than 50% of the male rats scored ‘right choice’ after 3 weeks post‐treatment and the effect became more prominent after 8 weeks post‐treatment (only 40–50% of the control male rats responded to the right choice) using the electrical copulation cage. Hence, this study lends further support to the use of the plant by indigenous populations as a traditional medicine for it’s aphrodisiac property.
Overcoming Dogma in Epistemology

Nothing will put academics on a high horse quicker than unacceptable standards of evidential support or interpretative argument. The trouble is that there are different and incom- patible standards. Unacceptable standards means, then, unacceptable from a certain epistemo- logical perspective. Since academic disciplines or subdisciplines are often defined by a given epistemological position, people can easily become epistemological dogmatists. Almost anyone associated with academia is aware of the result: misunderstanding and mistrust across disci- plines and missed opportunities for creative thinking within disciplines. In this article these misfortunes are tackled with tools forged from philosophy, science, anthropology, and cultural history. The goal is transformative: we can dismount the high horse by learning to understand, tolerate, appreciate, and even use alternative approaches in our own work. Indeed, we should do just that.
Effect of yeast-derived products and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on antibody-mediated immune response and gene expression of pattern recognition receptors and cytokines in broiler chickens immunized with T-cell dependent antigens.

This study evaluated the effect of yeast-derived products on innate and antibody mediated immune response in broiler chickens following immunization with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). One-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross-308) were randomly assigned to 6 dietary treatments of 9 replicate cages of 5 birds each per treatment. Dietary treatments consisted of a Control diet without antibiotic, and diets containing 11 mg/kg of virginiamycin, 0.25% of yeast cell wall (YCW), 0.2% of a commercial product Maxi-Gen Plus containing processed yeast and nucleotides, 0.05% of nucleotides, or a diet containing 10% of DDGS. On days 21 and 28 post-hatching, 5 birds per treatment were immunized intramuscularly with both SRBC and BSA. One week after each immunization, blood samples were collected. Serum samples were analyzed by hemagglutination test for antibody response to SRBC, and by ELISA for serum IgM and IgG response to BSA. On d 35, 5 birds per treatment were euthanized and the tissue samples from the cecal tonsils were collected to assess the gene expression of toll-like receptors TLR2b, TLR4, and TLR21, monocyte mannose receptor (MMR), and cytokines IL-10, IL-13, IL-4, IL-12p35, and IFN-γ. The results for gene expression analysis demonstrated that the diet supplemented with YCW increased the expression of TLR2b and T-helper type 2 cytokines IL-10, IL-4, and IL-13 relative to the Control; and the expression of TLR4 and IL-13 was upregulated in the nucleotide-containing diet. However, the diets containing antibiotics or Maxi-Gen Plus downregulated the expression of IFN-γ compared to the control. The primary antibody response to SRBC was not affected by diets. However, the diet containing YCW increased the secondary antibody response to SRBC compared to the antibiotic treatment. Neither primary nor secondary IgG and IgM response against BSA were affected by diets. In conclusion, supplementation of the diet with YCW stimulated Th2 cell-mediated immune response indicating the immunomodulatory activities of these products following immunization with non-inflammatory antigens.
Inhibition of oxidative stress produced by plasma membrane NADH oxidase delays low‐potassium‐induced apoptosis of cerebellar granule cells

From 1 to 3 h after the onset of cerebellar granule cells (CGC) apoptosis in a low‐K+(5 mm KCl) medium there was a large decay of NADH and a 2.5‐fold increase of the rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (measured using CGC loaded with dichlorodihydrofluorescein). During the same time period, the ascorbate‐dependent NADH oxidase activity, which accounted for more than 90% of both total NADH oxidase activity and NADH‐dependent ·O2– production of CGC lysates, increased 2.5‐ to threefold. The stimulation of the ascorbate‐dependent NADH oxidase activity by oxidized cytochrome c, 2.5‐fold at saturation with a K0.5 of 4–5 µm cytochrome c, can at least partially explain this activation. The plasma membrane ascorbate‐dependent NADH oxidase activity accounted for more than 70% of the total activity (both in terms of NADH oxidase and ·O2– release) of CGC lysates. 4‐Hydroxyquinazoline (4‐HQ), which was found to block this apoptotic process, prevented the increase of ROS production. 4‐HQ protection against cell viability loss and DNA fragmentation correlated with the inhibition by 4‐HQ of the ascorbate‐dependent NADH oxidase activity of CGC lysates, showing the same K0.5‐value (4–5 mm 4‐HQ). The efficient blockade of CGC apoptosis by addition of superoxide dismutase to the medium further supports the neurotoxic role of ·O2– overproduction by the plasma membrane ascorbate‐dependent NADH oxidase.
Internal migration and the development nexus : the case of Bangladesh

The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily correspond to the views or policies of the Department for International Development (DFID), UK. People mostly migrate in order to find better jobs. Rural life is changing fast. People are far less dependent on agriculture and related work. They increasingly depend on off-farm livelihoods, which often involve some form of migration. In many cases this entails moving to urban areas and, indeed, migration accounts for about two-thirds of the urban growth seen in Bangladesh since independence. Most economic migrants to urban areas are young males, but this changed significantly with the recent increase in demand for female labour in the ready-made garment factories of Dhaka and other metropolitan areas. Migrants generally face physical insecurity, poor housing, negative discrimination by officialdom and development programmes at their places of destination. They consequently have poorer health and greater vulnerability compared to the general urban population. Remittances to rural areas generally boost consumption. They also help to expand business in agricultural products and construction materials. Remittances also helped to generate savings, the major source of capital in the absence of institutional credit on easy terms. Migration and remittances have invigorated the land tenancy market in rural areas. Research has challenged the conventional wisdom that migration transfers rural poverty to urban areas. There is ample evidence that urban immigrant households have improved their incomes since arrival. At the same time, household incomes in rural sending areas have benefited from remittances received from migrant members. Government policy has on the whole failed to address the reality of a changing rural landscape, rapid urbanisation and the contribution to both by rural-urban economic migration. Some donor policies indirectly address migration issues through capacity development programmes in small and medium sized towns, but there is no focused effort on migration issues. With the exception of UNCHR, no donors are working to protect the interests of internal migrants. The Coalition for the Urban Poor can be considered the most important pro-poor institution supporting migrants. This coalition of NGOs is actively working to uphold human rights, protect workers and alleviate urban poverty. Among other pro-poor organisations, the Municipal Development Fund has an important role to play in facilitating decentralisation by developing the technical, fiscal and administrative capabilities of municipalities and establishing a transparent and accountable system of fiscal transfer. Recommendations include: • Greater efforts …
Forensic assessment of juvenile delinquents: prevalence of psychopathology and decision-making at court in the netherlands.

Dutch juvenile criminal law, concerning minors between 12 and 18 years old, is marked by its pedagogical character. In cases of serious psychosocial problems or psychiatric disorders, the juvenile court may request a forensic examination in order to be able to impose a measure of restraint. This study was aimed at investigating to what extent the juvenile criminal law achieves the aim enhancing professional help in those cases for which such assistance is indicated. One hundred and eight juveniles who were brought before the court were assessed multidisciplinarily. Sixty-five per cent of the youngsters were qualified for 'definite caseness'. For less than half of them a forensic assessment was ordered by the court. In conclusion, young delinquents should be screened for psychiatric disorders more adequately as soon as they are taken into custody.
Changed and Changing Gender and Family Roles and Domestic Violence in African Refugee Background Communities Post-Settlement in Perth, Australia

In this study, domestic violence (DV) in five African refugee background communities post-settlement in Perth, Australia, is investigated—specifically, the interrelationship between experiences of DV, and changed and changing gender and family roles and responsibilities. The participatory qualitative design utilized in-depth interviews with 54 members of the Somalian, Sierra Leonean, Ethiopian, Liberian and Sudanese Communities, and focus groups with 24 professionals who support them. Three key dimensions of this interrelationship are discussed: “male loss of the breadwinner role and status,” “financial independence,” and “mismatch between formal response and expectations. ” The importance of understanding experiences of DV within the context of cultural transition is highlighted here.