Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ARE WE ASKING THE RIGHT QUESTIONS ABOUT ATTACHMENT

Everett Waters is involved in a wide range of longitudinal research projects and educational programs that advance the Bowlby-Ainsworth tradition of attachment study. His empirical and theoretical knowledge is far reaching. Here, Waters explores the family law field’s hopes and expectations of attachment theory, identifies a number of myths about attachment theory that may influence divorce decision making, and challenges why we ask the questions we do. His views encourage hardened supporters and detractors of attachment theory alike to identify a middle ground where the essence of attachment knowledge might best inform family law practices in divorce and separation matters.
The arterial baroreflex

ABP = arterial blood pressure; ASIC = acid-sensing channels; AVP = arginine vasopressin; CVL = caudal ventrolateral medulla; DBH = dopamine-β-hydroxylase; DegENa = degenerin/epithelial sodium channels; DOPS = dihydroxyphenylserine; GABA = γ-aminobutyric acid; HSANIII = hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III; MSA = multiple system atrophy; NA = nucleus ambiguus; nAChR = nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; NMDA = N-methyl-d-aspartate; NO = nitric oxide; NTS = nucleus of the solitary tract; OH = orthostatic hypotension; PAF = pure autonomic failure; PVN = paraventricular nuclei; RVLM = rostral ventrolateral medulla; SON = supraoptic nuclei; TRP = transient receptor potential. The arterial baroreceptor reflex, or baroreflex, is the most important mechanism for moment-to-moment control of arterial blood pressure (ABP). The baroreflex buffers acute fluctuations of ABP that occur during changes in posture, exercise, emotion, and other conditions. Neurologic disorders affecting central or peripheral baroreflex mechanisms may manifest with paroxysmal hypertension, reflex syncope, or neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (OH). Recent insights into the transduction mechanisms, central pathways, and effectors of the baroreflex provide the basis for new pharmacologic approaches to these disorders. Regulation of ABP and tissue blood flow, both at rest and in response to changes in metabolic activity, posture, exercise, emotional stress, or hypoxia, depends on two groups of mechanisms. Feed-forward or “central command” mechanisms evoke cardiovascular changes that are part of generalized adaptive physiologic responses in situations such as stress and exercise. Feedback or reflex mechanisms allow a moment-to-moment control of ABP in response to inputs from peripheral cardiovascular, respiratory, vestibular, and other receptors. The arterial baroreflex is a critical cardiovascular reflex that provides a continuous buffering of acute fluctuations of ABP in situations such as changes in posture, exercise, and emotion. The baroreflex controls the two variables that determine ABP, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance. Activation of the baroreceptors in …
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a Sicilian student population

Abstract Since the last decades, socio-economic changes have a key role on eating habits affecting the nutritional status and health of people, in particular children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to compare the diet of student population both normal weight and overweight and obese in order to understand their eating habits by comparing the different diets of the student referring to the Mediterranean diet. The study comprised 337 Sicilian students aged 9 to 13 years, 96 in primary schools and 241 in secondary schools, respectively, in three Sicilian cities namely, Messina, San Piero Patti and Ragusa. The variables studied were height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and adherence to the Mediterranean Adequacy Index (MAI) diet quality indicator. Interestingly, the results highlighted 2.67 MAI mean value for normal weight students while 1.27 MAI mean value indicating a decreased adherence to the Mediterranean diet in overweight students.
Isolation and characterization of Streptococcus sp. from diseased flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in Jeju Island

Streptococcus sp. is gram-positive coccus that causes streptococcal infections in fish due to intensification of aquaculture and caused significant economic losses in fish farm industry. A streptococcal infection occurred from cultured diseased olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in May, 2005 at a fish farm in Jeju Island, Korea. The diseased flounder exhibited bilateral exophthalmic eyes and rotten gills; water temperature was 16~18℃ when samples were collected. Of the 22 fish samples collected, 3 samples were identified as Lactococcus garvieae and 18 samples were identified as Streptococcus parauberis by culture-based, biochemical test. Serological methods such as slide agglutination, hemolysis and antimicrobial susceptibility test were also used as well as multiplex PCR-based method to simultaneously detect and confirm the pathogens involved in the infection. S. parauberis and L. garvieae have a target region of 700 and 1100 bp. , respectively. One fish sample was not identified because of the difference in the different biochemical and serological tests and was negative in PCR assay. In the present study, it showed that S. parauberis was the dominant species that caused streptococcosis in the cultured diseased flounder.
Zinc, Copper, Manganese, and Selenium in Dairy Cattle Rations

The trace minerals zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium are components of a wide variety of enzymes and proteins that support metabolism, growth, production, and reproduction. Trace mineral supplements are added to dairy cattle rations to prevent mineral deficiencies, and supplementation has traditionally been provided in the form of inorganic salts. When these inorganic salts dissociate in the reticulo-rumen, omasum, and abomasum, the trace minerals can form indigestible compounds with other feed components which renders them unavailable for absorption in the intestines. Organic trace mineral supplements that are both stable in the digestive tract and available for intestinal absorption have the potential to be more available to the cow than inorganic supplements. However, measurement of bioavailability of trace mineral supplements is difficult, and studies comparing organic to inorganic trace mineral supplements do not consistently show increased bioavailability. Organic trace mineral supplementation has been shown to increase animal production response relative to inorganic trace minerals in some studies, with or without a concurrent increase in measures of bioavailability. Some studies have shown that trace mineral supplementation above predicted requirements improves animal health, likely due to the antioxidant functions of Zn, Cu, Mn, and Se. Supplementation of trace minerals during times of oxidative stress may enhance disease resistance.
Impact of response flatness on duobinary transmission performance: an optimized transmitter with improved sensitivity

We study the effect of transmitter response amplitude and group delay ripples on the performance of systems using duobinary coding. We demonstrate an improved 10-Gb/s transmitter with very low required optical signal-to-noise ratio in back-to-back and transmission over about 4300 ps/nm (258 km of single-mode fiber at 1550 nm) with about 2-dB penalty (at bit-error rate BER=10/sup -3/).
TODQA: Efficient Task-Oriented Data Quality Assessment

Data quality assessment is vital for many information services ranging from sensor networks to smart city systems. The current data quality assessments, however, are often derived from intrinsic data characteristics, disconnected from specific application contexts, or are not applicable or efficient for large datasets. In this work, we propose a novel task-oriented data quality assessment framework, which balances between the intrinsic and contextual quality. We carefully craft the assessment metrics, quantify them, and fuse them to rank candidate datasets by quality given specific tasks. To improve the system efficiency, two fast calculation algorithms are designed to quantify the relationship between datasets and the task, and the distribution of data items. We conduct extensive evaluations on six public image datasets (with 460, 247 images in total) and four text document datasets (with 37, 372 documents in total) to evaluate the efficacy and efficiency of our design. Experimental results show that our algorithms can save about 90% computing time with little accuracy loss which validates the feasibility and effectiveness of our framework for large datasets.
Methylation-independent and methylation-dependent chemotaxis in Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodospirillum rubrum

In vivo and in vitro methylation, methanol production assays, and the use of specific antibodies raised against the sensory transducing protein Tar in Escherichia coli all failed to demonstrate the presence of methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) in the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides, although such proteins did exist in another photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodospirillum rubrum. The range of chemicals to which Rhodobacter sphaeroides responds, the lack of an all-or-none response, and the lack of true repellents indicate an alternative chemosensory pathway. The existence of MCPs in Rhodospirillum rubrum means that the lack of MCPs is not the result of a phototrophic metabolism, but may be connected to the unidirectional flagellar motor of Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
The Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Genetic Variant rs5068 Is Associated With a Favorable Cardiometabolic Phenotype in a Mediterranean Population

OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that the minor allele of the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) genetic variant rs5068 is associated with a favorable cardiometabolic phenotype in a general Mediterranean population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We genotyped a random sample of the residents of Ventimiglia di Sicilia, Sicily, for rs5068. RESULTS Genotype frequencies of rs5068 are AA, 93.5%; AG, 6.4%; and GG, 0.1%. All subsequent analyses are AA versus AG+GG. After adjusting for age and sex, the minor G allele is associated with lower BMI (estimate [SE]: −1.7 kg/m2 [0.8], P = 0.04). In the AG+GG group, males with HDL cholesterol levels <40 mg/dL are less frequent (P = 0.05) and obesity tends to be less prevalent (P = 0.07). Importantly, the G allele is associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome (P = 0.02). After adjusting for BMI, the above associations were attenuated. Independently of age, sex, and BMI, the minor allele is also associated with lower systolic blood pressure (−6.0 mmHg [2.5], P = 0.02) and lower prevalence of hypertension (odds ratio 0.41 [95% CI 0.20–0.83], P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The association between the minor allele of rs5068 and a favorable cardiometabolic phenotype that we previously reported in a U.S. population is now replicated in a Mediterranean population in which the G allele of rs5068 is associated with lower blood pressure, BMI, and prevalence of hypertension and metabolic syndrome. These findings may lead to a diagnostic strategy to assess cardiometabolic risk and lay the foundation for the future development of an ANP or ANP-like therapy for metabolic syndrome.
The Effects of Prenatal Stress on Child Behavioural and Cognitive Outcomes Start at the Beginning

The importance of development during the fetal period is well established with regards to the association between the baby’s growth in the womb, and later vulnerability to physical disorders such as cardiovascular disease and other aspects of metabolic syndrome.1 It is now clear that environmental effects on fetal development are important with respect to emotional, behavioural and cognitive outcomes too. Animal studies have shown that stress during pregnancy can have long lasting effects on the neurodevelopment of the offspring.2
Spectral Methods for Nonparametric Models

Nonparametric models are versatile, albeit computationally expensive, tool for modeling mixture models. In this paper, we introduce spectral methods for the two most popular nonparametric models: the Indian Buffet Process (IBP) and the Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (HDP). We show that using spectral methods for the inference of nonparametric models are computationally and statistically efficient. In particular, we derive the lower-order moments of the IBP and the HDP, propose spectral algorithms for both models, and provide reconstruction guarantees for the algorithms. For the HDP, we further show that applying hierarchical models on dataset with hierarchical structure, which can be solved with the generalized spectral HDP, produces better solutions to that of flat models regarding likelihood performance.
Body-worn, non-invasive sensor for monitoring stroke volume, cardiac output and cardiovascular reserve

Hemorrhagic shock induced by traumatic injury is a leading cause of mortality on the battlefield and in civilian trauma settings. The first hour following injury can be critical to survival, requiring frequent assessment of vital signs and intravascular volume needs. Conventional vital signs, such as heart rate and blood pressure, are generally nonspecific and slow to change until acute blood loss volume nears 25--30% of total blood volume. The lack of specificity associated with these vital signs limits their usefulness in the early detection and monitoring of acute blood loss. In contrast, measurements of cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV) and a new parameter termed Cardiovascular Reserve Index (CRI), follow the progression of hemorrhage and response to intravenous fluid therapy. They are superior indicators of blood loss volume and fluid resuscitation needs. We will demonstrate the implementation of all three parameters on a small, noninvasive body-worn device that is wirelessly connected to a central monitoring system.
Mismatch recognition-coupled stabilization of Msh2-Msh6 in an ATP-bound state at the initiation of DNA repair.

Mismatch repair proteins correct errors in DNA via an ATP-driven process. In eukaryotes, the Msh2-Msh6 complex recognizes base pair mismatches and small insertion/deletions in DNA and initiates repair. Both Msh2 and Msh6 proteins contain Walker ATP-binding motifs that are necessary for repair activity. To understand how these proteins couple ATP binding and hydrolysis to DNA binding/mismatch recognition, the ATPase activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Msh2-Msh6 was examined under pre-steady-state conditions. Acid-quench experiments revealed that in the absence of DNA, Msh2-Msh6 hydrolyzes ATP rapidly (burst rate = 3 s(-1) at 20 degrees C) and then undergoes a slow step in the pathway that limits catalytic turnover (k(cat) = 0.1 s(-1)). ATP is hydrolyzed similarly in the presence of fully matched duplex DNA; however, in the presence of a G:T mismatch or +T insertion-containing DNA, ATP hydrolysis is severely suppressed (rate = 0.1 s(-1)). Pulse-chase experiments revealed that Msh2-Msh6 binds ATP rapidly in the absence or in the presence of DNA (rate = 0.1 microM(-1) s(-1)), indicating that for the Msh2-Msh6.mismatched DNA complex, a step after ATP binding but before or at ATP hydrolysis is the rate-limiting step in the pathway. Thus, mismatch recognition is coupled to a dramatic increase in the residence time of ATP on Msh2-Msh6. This mismatch-induced, stable ATP-bound state of Msh2-Msh6 likely signals downstream events in the repair pathway.
Mobile Apps in Cardiology: Review

Background Cardiovascular diseases are the deadliest diseases worldwide, with 17.3 million deaths in 2008 alone. Among them, heart-related deaths are of the utmost relevance; a fact easily proven by the 7.25 million deaths caused by ischemic heart disease alone in that year. The latest advances in smartphones and mHealth have been used in the creation of thousands of medical apps related to cardiology, which can help to reduce these mortality rates. Objective The aim of this paper is to study the literature on mobile systems and applications currently available, as well as the existing apps related to cardiology from the leading app stores and to then classify the results to see what is available and what is missing, focusing particularly on commercial apps. Methods Two reviews have been developed. One is a literature review of mobile systems and applications, retrieved from several databases and systems such as Scopus, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and Web of Knowledge. The other is a review of mobile apps in the leading app stores, Google play for Android and Apple’s App Store for iOS. Results Search queries up to May 2013 located 406 papers and 710 apps related to cardiology and heart disease. The most researched section in the literature associated with cardiology is related to mobile heart (and vital signs) monitoring systems and the methods involved in the classification of heart signs in order to detect abnormal functions. Other systems with a significant number of papers are mobile cardiac rehabilitation systems, blood pressure measurement, and systems for the detection of heart failure. The majority of apps for cardiology are heart monitors and medical calculators. Other categories with a high number of apps are those for ECG education and interpretation, cardiology news and journals, blood pressure tracking, heart rate monitoring using an external device, and CPR instruction. There are very few guides on cardiac rehabilitation and apps for the management of the cardiac condition, and there were no apps that assist people who have undergone a heart transplant. Conclusions The distribution of work in the field of cardiology apps is considerably disproportionate. Whereas some systems have significant research and apps are available, other important systems lack such research and lack apps, even though the contribution they could provide is significant.
Sex Differences in Intergenerational Income Transmission and Educational Attainment: Testing the Trivers-Willard Hypothesis

From an evolutionary point of view, sex differences in intergenerational transmission of income may be influenced by the Trivers-Willard (T-W) effect: Low status parents should invest more in daughters, whereas high status parents are expected to invest more in sons. This bias in parental investment may result in status-dependent sex biased parental support for higher education and educational attainment and should therefore affect the level of intergenerational income transmission for the sons and daughters. We used the data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS) to model the effect of parental financial investment on the child's income and educational attainment controlling for the number of siblings. The observed sex differences in intergenerational income transmission demonstrate that sons profited more from parental income and education in terms of their own income than daughters. Furthermore, we showed that fathers with a high socioeconomic index (SEI) invest more in their sons' education in terms of completed years of education and financial support during college. In contrast daughters of low SEI fathers completed more years of education and received more financial support than sons of low SEI fathers. However, the pattern in intergenerational income transmission might be better explained as a product of sociological factors and reproductive trade-offs in later life rather than as a consequence of the T-W effect.
Neuro-impressions: interpreting the nature of human creativity

Understanding the creative process is essential for realizing human potential. Over the past four decades, the author has explored this subject through his brain-inspired drawings, paintings, symbolic sculptures, and experimental art installations that present myriad impressions of human creativity. These impressionistic artworks interpret rather than illustrate the complexities of the creative process. They draw insights from empirical studies that correlate how human beings create, learn, remember, innovate, and communicate. In addition to offering fresh aesthetic experiences, this metaphorical art raises fundamental questions concerning the deep connections between the brain and its creations. The author describes his artworks as embodiments of everyday observations about the neuropsychology of creativity, and its all-purpose applications for stimulating and accelerating innovation.
Combining bibliometrics, information retrieval, and relevance theory, Part 1: First examples of a synthesis

In Sperber and Wilson's relevance theory (RT), the ratio Cognitive Effects/Processing Effort defines the relevance of a communication. The tf*idf formula from information retrieval is used to operationalize this ratio for any item co‐occurring with a user‐supplied seed term in bibliometric distributions. The tf weight of the item predicts its effect on the user in the context of the seed term, and its idf weight predicts the user's processing effort in relating the item to the seed term. The idf measure, also known as statistical specificity, is shown to have unsuspected applications in quantifying interrelated concepts such as topical and nontopical relevance, levels of user expertise, and levels of authority. A new kind of visualization, the pennant diagram, illustrates these claims. The bibliometric distributions visualized are the works cocited with a seed work (Moby Dick), the authors cocited with a seed author (White HD, for maximum interpretability), and the books and articles cocited with a seed article (S.A. Harter's “Psychological Relevance and Information Science,” which introduced RT to information scientists in 1992). Pennant diagrams use bibliometric data and information retrieval techniques on the system side to mimic a relevance‐theoretic model of cognition on the user side. Relevance theory may thus influence the design of new visual information retrieval interfaces. Generally, when information retrieval and bibliometrics are interpreted in light of RT, the implications are rich: A single sociocognitive theory may serve to integrate research on literature‐based systems with research on their users, areas now largely separate.
The Masticatory Contractile Load Induced Expression and Activation of Akt1/PKBα in Muscle Fibers at the Myotendinous Junction within Muscle-Tendon-Bone Unit

The cell specific detection of enzyme activation in response to the physiological contractile load within muscle-tendon-bone unit is essential for understanding of the mechanical forces transmission from muscle cells via tendon to the bone. The hypothesis that the physiological mechanical loading regulates activation of Akt1/PKBα at Thr308 and at Ser473 in muscle fibers within muscle-tendon-bone unit was tested using quantitative immunohistochemistry, confocal double fluorescence analysis, and immunoblot analysis. In comparison to the staining intensities in peripheral regions of the muscle fibers, Akt1/PKBα was detected with a higher staining intensity in muscle fibers at the myotendinous junction (MTJ) areas. In muscle fibers at the MTJ areas, Akt1/PKBα is dually phosphorylated at Thr308 and Ser473. The immunohistochemical results were confirmed by immunoblot analysis. We conclude that contractile load generated by masticatory muscles induces local domain-dependent expression of Akt1/PKBα as well as activation by dually phosphorylation at Thr308 and Ser473 in muscle fibers at the MTJ areas within muscle-tendon-bone unit.