Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tagging and Parsing an Artificial Language An Annotated Web-Corpus of Esperanto

Summary This paper presents and evaluates EspGram - a Constraint Grammar (CG) -based parser for the artificial language Esperanto. The parser was used to annotate a newly compiled, web-searchable corpus (18.5 million words), and achieved accuracy rates (F-Scores) of 99.5% for part of speech and 92.1% for syntactic function/dependency.
Vowel categorization induces departure of M100 latency from acoustic prediction

MEG studies have shown that the timing (latency) of the evoked response that peaks ∼100 ms post-stimulus onset (M100) decreases as frequency increases for sinusoidal tones. We investigated M100 latency using a continuum of synthesized vowel stimuli in which the dominant formant frequency increases from 250 Hz (perceived /u/) to 750 Hz (perceived /a/) in 50 Hz steps. While M100 latency did vary inversely with formant frequency overall, frequency modulation was flattened within each vowel category. However, for mid-continuum ambiguous tokens (i.e. those with increased reaction time/decreased accuracy in the concurrent behavioral identification task), M100 reverted to formant frequency differences, agreeing with previous findings of frequency-dependence. A theory is proposed in which phonological categorization emerges from specific spatial distribution of frequency-tuned neurons.
A comparative study on video coding techniques with compressive sensing

Compressive sensing method was proved to be able to perform lower sampling rate than the Nyquist rate yet maintaining good reconstruction quality. In this paper, we present the utilization of compressive sampling to encode video signal efficiently and compare the results with existing video coding standard, i.e. MPEG-4. A frame is first divided into blocks of identical size, and then a sparsity transform is employed to represent the block in a sparser domain. After that, the coefficients will undergo projection transform in order to reduce the data size according to a preset measurement rate. For a more prominent compression ratio, we can apply lower measurement rate. However, this rate also has to comply with the sparsity level of the signal. At the decoder side, a reconstruction algorithm will be conducted by means of basis pursuit or L1 minimization to guarantee acceptable accuracy. A greater compression factor can be achieved by integrating the motion compensation and estimation techniques with compressive sensing. Inter-frame coding will decrease the number of significant coefficients, hence enhancing the sparse property. For slow motion video, we need fewer reference frames. The group-of-picture size can be made adaptive, i.e. depending on current error level reported by a feedback link from decoder. Principally, the main difference between compressive video sensing and existing video coding is the use of projection matrix to sample the coefficients randomly. After sparsification and projection, the signal may experience subsequent processes, such as quantization, run-length coding, as well as entropy coding.
Efficient Fuzzy Logic-Based Algorithm for Microarray Network Identification and Prediction in Bioinformatics

Fuzzy logic-based systems have been proposed as a tool for analyzing experimental data in microarrays in order to detect and predict gene regulation networks. The main drawback of this approach is the so-called curse of dimensionality associated with high dimension exhaustive searches. In this paper, it is shown that simple standard fuzzy systems can be transformed into additively separable systems by using an appropriate rotation of the input variables. By doing this, the algorithm for computing the output of the fuzzy system takes polynomial time and, therefore, it is computationally efficient for finding higher dimension interaction among genes. Ill. 3, bibl. 8 (in English; summaries in English, Russian and Lithuanian).
System development of shortest path searching in Urban Transportation Network

The Validation System [VS] is required in development of a shortest path searching algorithm [SPSA] in an Urban Road Transportation Network [URTN] to verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm. The VS must have not only the functions such as type selection of the SPSA, displayment of the calculated route of the selected SPSA and parameter selection, but also the capabilities of retrieving and saving the URTN information such as nodes, links including turning penalties in South Korean area. The VS is implemented by the Java system using Eclipse IDE as well as Java Swing UI. A new algorithm is implemented, degugged and verified using this VS. We prove the usefulness of the proposed VS through real tests of Dijkstra, A* and Dial algorithm of the URTN, respectively.
Cell phone verification from speech recordings using sparse representation

Source recording device recognition is an important emerging research field of digital media forensic. Most of the prior literature focus on the recording device identification problem. In this study we propose a source cell phone verification scheme based on sparse representation. We employed Gaussian supervectors (GSVs) based on Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) extracted from the speech recordings to characterize the intrinsic fingerprint of the cell phone. For the sparse representation, both exemplar based dictionary and dictionary learned by K-SVD algorithm were examined to this problem. Evaluation experiments were conducted on a corpus consists of speech recording recorded by 14 cell phones. The achieved equal error rate (EER) demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed scheme.
Comprehending parametric CAD models: an evaluation of two graphical user interfaces

In this study, we experimentally evaluated two GUI prototypes (named "split" and "integrated") for parametric CAD modeling. Participants in the study were asked to perform a number of 3D model comprehension tasks, using both interfaces. The tasks themselves were classified into three classes: parameterization, topological and geometrical tasks. We measured the task completion times, error rates, and user satisfaction for both interfaces. The experimental results showed that task completion times are significantly shorter when the "split" interface is being used, in all cases of interest: 1) tasks taken as a whole and 2) tasks viewed by task type. There was no significant difference in error rates between the two interfaces; however, error rate was significantly higher in the case of parameterization tasks (for both interfaces). User satisfaction was significantly higher for the "split" interface. The study gave us a better understanding of the human performance when perceiving and comprehending parametric CAD models, and offered insight into the usability aspects of the two studied interfaces; we also believe that the knowledge obtained could be of practical utility to implementers of parametric CAD modeling packages.
Gas infall towards Sgr A* from the clumpy circumnuclear disk

We present the first large-scale mosaic performed with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) in the Galactic center. We have produced a 25-pointing mosaic, covering a ~2' x 2' area around Sgr A*. We have detected emission from two high-density molecular tracers, HCN(4-3) and CS(7-6), the latter never before reported in this region. The data have an angular resolution of 4.6"x 3.1", and the spectral window coverage is from -180 km/s to 1490 km/s for HCN(4-3) and from -1605 km/s to 129 km/s for CS(7-6). Both molecular tracers present a very clumpy distribution along the circumnuclear disk (CND), and are detected with a high signal-to-noise ratio in the southern part of the CND, while they are weaker towards the northern part. Assuming that the clumps are as close to the Galactic center as their projected distances, they are still dense enough to be gravitationally stable against the tidal shear produced by the supermassive black hole. Therefore, the CND is a non-transient structure. This geometrical distribution of both tracers suggests that the southern part of the CND is denser than the northern part. Also, by comparing the HCN(4-3) results with HCN(1-0) results we can see that the northern and the southern parts of the CND have different excitation levels, with the southern part warmer than the northern. Finally, we compare our results with those obtained with the detection of NH3, which traces the warmer and less dense material detected in the inner cavity of the CND. We suggest that we are detecting the origin point where a portion of the CND becomes destabilized and approaches the dynamical center of the Milky Way, possibly being impacted by the southern streamer and heated on its way inwards.
Naming-Speed Processes, Timing, and Reading

This article integrates the findings in the special issue with a comprehensive review of the evidence for seven central questions about the role of naming-speed deficits in developmental reading disabilities. Cross-sectional, longitudinal, and cross-linguistic research on naming-speed processes, timing processes, and reading is presented. An evolving model of visual naming illustrates areas of difference and areas of overlap between naming speed and phonology in their underlying requirements. Work in the cognitive neurosciences is used to explore two nonexclusive hypotheses about the putative links between naming speed and reading processes and about the sources of disruption that may cause subtypes of reading disabilities predicted by the double-deficit hypothesis. Finally, the implications of the work in this special issue for diagnosis and intervention are elaborated.
Semi-Supervised Learning with Bidirectional Adaptive Pairwise Encoding

In contrast to classic supervised learning methods that demand pre-defined class labels, pairwise encoding or side-information encoding merely requires pairwise similarity information to drive feature learning, which makes it very appealing for many fundamental tasks such as dimensionality reduction and semi-supervised learning. In this paper, we present a novel bimarginal pairwise encoding model, along with deep autoencoder, to learn nonlinear embedding for the aforementioned tasks. The new method learns powerful features that preserve critical pairwise information in a semi-supervised manner. It has achieved better performance on the well-known yet hard to make improvement benchmark MINIST compared with other methods in the same category, i.e. Autoencoder [4], Invariant Mapping for Dimensionality Reduction [1], Neighborhood Component Analysis [3], and Fixed Bi-Margin Pairwise Encoding [11].
Evidence of non-linear price transmission between maize markets in Mexico and the US

The present work provides evidence that non linear co-integration between Mexico and the US maize prices exists, at country and regional level. The models suggest that Mexican prices adjust at changes in US prices. Despite asymmetry was statistically rejected, it is likely that it might occur for thriving parameters different that zero in the error correction term. The results suggest on which way the research might be improved in order to assess such co-integration relationship accurately.
Declarative XML-based layout state encoding for managing screen real estate of interactive public displays

We present a system for managing the screen real estate of interactive public displays with declarative XML-based descriptions of virtual screens and a finite state machine. The proposed approach includes an algorithm for transforming the declarative virtual screens into a sequence of steps required for transiting between layout states. The system is utilized in realizing an interaction model for a network of public displays in a city center. Our practical experiences show how separating layout description from application logic allows rapid configuration of the interaction model.
Enacting A Service Engagement for Contracts Mining in Business Affairs and Temporal Constraints Using Cloud Computing

Conventions are officially binding summarizations of production examination activities. Specially, we judge business measures as rudiments of a service rendezvous. Business actions such as delivery purchase, bill payment, bank interest accretion not only communicate to necessary processes except are also naturally briefly constrained. Exterminating and understanding the actions and their sequential relationships container help a production collaborator resolve what to send and what to be expecting from others as it engage in the examination commitment specified by a indenture. Though, proofs are articulated in amorphous text and their penetrations are embryonic there in. Our offerings are trine. We build a novel method engage a hybrid of surface parsing, patterns and classification to extract (1) commerce actions and (2) Their chronological impelling from agreement text. We use theme modelling to (3) mechanically arrange the occurrence terms into clusters. In this paper we develop a model forenacting a service engagement for contracts mining in business affairs and temporal constraints using cloud computing.
RNA Interference in Insect Vectors for Plant Viruses

Insects and other arthropods are the most important vectors of plant pathogens. The majority of plant pathogens are disseminated by arthropod vectors such as aphids, beetles, leafhoppers, planthoppers, thrips and whiteflies. Transmission of plant pathogens and the challenges in managing insect vectors due to insecticide resistance are factors that contribute to major food losses in agriculture. RNA interference (RNAi) was recently suggested as a promising strategy for controlling insect pests, including those that serve as important vectors for plant pathogens. The last decade has witnessed a dramatic increase in the functional analysis of insect genes, especially those whose silencing results in mortality or interference with pathogen transmission. The identification of such candidates poses a major challenge for increasing the role of RNAi in pest control. Another challenge is to understand the RNAi machinery in insect cells and whether components that were identified in other organisms are also present in insect. This review will focus on summarizing success cases in which RNAi was used for silencing genes in insect vector for plant pathogens, and will be particularly helpful for vector biologists.
Models for economic policy evaluation theory and practice : an international experience

Part 1 Conceptual issues in modelling: new directions in applied dynamic macroeconomic modelling, M. Hashem Pesaran and Ron Smith a review of the main issues and methods of policy evaluation using macroeconometric models, Imed Limam a survey of recent developments in the specification and estimation of disequilibrium models, and their use in economic policy and forecasting, Hassan Y. Aly dynamic models in chaotic dynamics, Moussa Zemouli. Part 2 Development in policy and application - a survey: a survey of Arab macroeconomic policy models, Ahmed Al-Kawoz development indices - theory and measurement, Mohamed Adnan Wadie recent developments in monetary issues - survey of theory and evidence, Jamil Tahir long-term macro-models of population, development, and environment, Woligang Lutz towards a strategic prototype for development policy, Dirk Van Der Werf. Part 3 Case studies - an international experience: on the role of macroeconomic policies in the Middle East, Magda Kandil productivity and efficiency performances of the Tunisian banking industry before and after the economic liberalization programme - an econometric study using panel data, Mohamed El Arbi Chaffai an econometric model of Kuwait's non-oil GDP, Asraul Hoque and Naief Al-Mutairi application of a CGE macro model for India to analyze selected policy changes, Shashanka Bhide and Anushree Sinha macro and micro effects of subsidy cuts - a short-run CGE analysis for Egypt, Hans Lofgren globalization of the Pakistan economy - autarky or dependence? , Sajjad Akhtar incidence of public sector pricing policies in Pakistan, Zareen Fatima Naqvi. Part 4 New frontiers - modelling non-renewable resources: oil pricing policies in a target zone model, Shawkat Hammoudeh energy pricing policy and economic growth in Egypt - scenario analysis from an integrated macroeconomic model, Mahmoud A.T. Elkhafif energy use in cement manufacturing in Kenya, Haji Hatibu Haji Semboja.
The value relevance of accounting‐based performance measures in emerging economies: The case of Egypt

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine and compare the relative and incremental value-relevance of a comprehensive set of accounting-based measures of firm's performance in the emerging capital market of Egypt. Design/methodology/approach - The regression models are estimated using OLS to investigate the relative and incremental value relevance of accounting-based performance measures. The relative value relevance tests are used to examine which performance measures better explain stock returns. The study also uses the incremental value relevance tests to examine whether one of these measures provides value-relevance data beyond that provided by another. Findings - The results of the empirical tests indicate that relative and incremental value relevance tend to increase when moving down in the income statement, with net income having the largest relative and incremental value relevance while total sales have the lowest relative and incremental value relevance. Also, all of the accrual-based performance measures have relative and incremental value relevance statistically higher than that of operating cash flows. Research limitations/implications - The results highlight the importance of accounting-based performance measures in Egypt. The results shed light on the fixation on net income that is bottom line performance measure in the income statement where net income has the highest value relevance to Egyptian capital market. However, owing to relatively small sample size, given the thinness of the Egyptian capital market, these findings should be interpreted with caution. Originality/value - This study presents extended research on the usefulness of accounting-based metrics as proxies for firms' performance in Egypt as one of emerging markets.
Principal N-Bundles for N an Extension of a Finite Group by an Abelian Group

Consider an extension 0 → T → N → W → 0 of a finite group W by an abelian group T. Let X be a smooth projective complex curve. Let ℳ X (N) denote the moduli space of principal N-bundles on the curve X. We give a precise description of the fiber of the quotient by T map q T : ℳ X (N) → ℳ X (W) as a torsor over an abelian variety, namely, the Prym–Donagi variety. We also prove a result on Mumford groups.
Vesicular trafficking through cortical actin during exocytosis is regulated by the Rab27a effector JFC1/Slp1 and the RhoA-GTPase–activating protein Gem-interacting protein

The mechanism of cytoskeleton remodeling during exocytosis is not well defined. A combination of vesicular dynamics and functional studies shows that the Rab27a effector JFC1 and the RhoA-GTPase–activating protein Gem-interacting protein are necessary for RhoA regulation, actin depolymerization, and vesicular transport through the actin cortex during exocytosis.
Parallel simulations of 3 d DC borehole resistivity measurements with goal-oriented self-adaptive hp finite element method

In this paper we present a parallel algorithm of the goal-oriented self-adaptive hp Finite Element Method (hp-FEM) with shared data structures and with parallel multi-frontal direct solver. The algorithm generates in a fully automatic mode (without any user interaction) a sequence of meshes delivering exponential convergence of the prescribed quantity of interest with respect to the mesh size (number of degrees of freedom). The sequence of meshes is generated from the prescribed initial mesh, by performing h (breaking elements into smaller elements), p (adjusting polynomial orders of approximation) or hp (both) refinements on selected finite elements. The new parallel implementation utilizes a computational mesh shared between multiple processors. We describe the parallel self-adaptive hp-FEM algorithm with shared computational domain, as well as its efficiency measurements. The presentation is enriched by numerical simulation of the problem of through casing 3D DC borehole resistivity measurement simulations in presence of invasion.
Appendix for “ Identifying the effects of bank failures from a natural experiment in Mississippi during the Great Depression ”

As noted in the text, there is something anomalous in the timber industry with a massive spike in the number of plants in 1929 relative to 1927 and relative to 1931. This leads to a non-trivial reduction in the sample size of around 1/3. I rerun the basic regressions including this group of plants. I do not rerun all the regressions instead focusing on the regressions for output and labor variables. The results from including the timber industry are reported in Tables 1 and 2. The basic patterns are present for all the variables when the timber data are included. There is still a very large fall in revenue and output, both statistically and economically, somewhat offset by an increase in price. Turning to the labor side, again there is very little differential in wage earners across the two regions. There is a significant fall in hours worked though less so statistically speaking. This then translates into a rise in wages. So while I continue to insist that there is something suspect about the timber data, the basic results reported in the paper are unaffected by including this group of plants. ∗University of Iowa, nicolas.lehmannziebarth@gmail.com. I thank Joel Mokyr, Joe Ferrie for comments and funding, as well as Charlie Calomiris, Ben Chabot, Price Fishback, Bob Gordon, Dave Miller, Laura Owen, Jonathan Parker, Giorgio Primiceri, Gary Richardson, Chris Vickers, and seminar participants at Northwestern Economic History, Northwestern Macro Lunch, the meetings of the Illinois Economics Association, and Lake Forest College for useful feedback. The comments of two anonymous referees improved the paper substantially. William Creech at the National Archives provided useful information on the data. Mary Hansen helped organize data collection at the National Archives. Doug Bojack, Joanna Gregson and Dan Thomas did yeoman’s work photographing the original schedules. The Center for the Study of Industrial Organization at Northwestern and the Robert Eisner Memorial Fellowship also provided funding.
A Novel Semantic Video Classification Model

In this paper, we propose a novel spatio-temporal video retrieval model to extract spatio-temporal attributes for semantic video category classification using high-level reasoning of video objects and scenes. We also explore the semantic logical inference learning of video attributes based on interpreting camera movements and object spatial constraints, as well the views on temporal continuity of video. We have used Minerva international video benchmark for the analysis of our algorithm.