Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Natural History of Trichomonal Infection in Males*

Trichomonal vaginitis was first described by Donne(1836) butitwasnotuntil theendofthe19th century thattheresponsible organism wasfirst demonstrated inmales, almost simultaneous reports coming fromMarchand (1894), Miura(1894), and Dock(1896). Thenatural history, pathology, and epidemiology oftrichomonal infestation hasaroused recurring interest andTrussell (1947) wasableto cite 1,586 references. Subsequent tothefirst reports oftrichomoniasis inmales, various observers reported isolated instances fromtimetotime, butitwasnotuntil comparatively recently thatsystematic investigation ofvarious groupsofmaleswasundertaken inanattempt to learn moreofits nature andincidence. Thus, Allison (1943), using a wetsmeartechnique, wasableto demonstrate theorganism in15percent. ofarandom sampleofmales, andWhittington (1957), ina sample ofmalesattending theWhitechapel Clinic, found T.vaginalis in12 -5percent. ofthose whowere white and28*4percent. ofthose whowerecoloured. Investigation ofgroups suffering, orthought tobe suffering, fromvenereal disease wascarried outalso. Results havevaried widely fromthose ofAckermann (1935), whofoundnotrichomonads inanyofa groupof37cases ofnon-gonococcal urethritis, to those ofCoutts andhiscolleagues (1955), whofound trichomonads in68percent.ofa series of2,482 Chileans suffering fromnon-gonococcal urethritis. Intermediate figures havebeenreported byLanceley (1953)-5 -8percent. , Whittington (1957)-15 -3per cent. , Nicol(1958)- 5i5percent. , andCatterall (1960) 5-5percent. Therelationship oftrichomonal infection toconcomitant gonorrhoea inmen was investigated byLanceley (1953), whofounditintwo outof285cases, andbyWhittington (1957), who found itinfive outofthirty. Thesubstantially morefrequent occurrence of
No Tryptophan, Tyrosine and Phenylalanine Abnormalities in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Background The aim of the current study was to explore the role of aromatic amino acids (AAAs) in blood in relation to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Given their impact on the synthesis of serotonin and dopamine, decreased concentrations of the AAAs tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine in blood may contribute to the expression of ADHD symptoms. Decreased AAA blood concentrations, in turn, may be related to lowered dietary protein intake or to abnormal AAA catabolism, as evidenced by increased urinary AAA concentrations. Methods Eighty-three children with ADHD (75% males) and 72 typically developing (TD) children (51% males), aged 6 to 13 years, participated in the study. AAA concentrations were assessed in blood spots and an 18-hour urinary sample. A nutritional diary was filled out by parents to calculate dietary protein intake. Parent and teacher questionnaires assessed symptoms of ADHD, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. Results Children with ADHD showed normal AAA concentrations in blood spots and urine, as well as normal protein intake compared to controls. No associations between AAA concentrations and symptoms of ADHD or comorbid psychiatric disorders were found. Conclusions This study is the first to explore AAA metabolism in children with ADHD using a well-defined and relatively large sample. We found that AAA deficiencies are not related to ADHD. The results do not support treatment with AAA supplements in children with ADHD. Future studies regarding the cause of serotonin and dopamine alterations in ADHD should focus on other explanations, such as effects of altered transport of AAAs.
Distributed Weighted Clustering of Evolving Sensor Data Streams with Noise

Collecting data from sensor nodes is the ultimate goal of Wireless Sensor Networks. This is performed by transmitting the sensed measurements to some data collecting station. In sensor nodes, radio communication is the dominating consumer of the energy resources which are usually limited. Summarizing the sensed data internally on sensor nodes and sending only the summaries will considerably save energy. Clustering is an established data mining technique for grouping objects based on similarity. For sensor networks, k-center clustering aims at grouping sensor measurements in groups, each contains similar measurements. In this paper we propose a novel resource-aware -center clustering algorithm called: SenClu. Our algorithm immediately detects new trends in the drifting sensor data stream and follows them. SenClu powerfully uses a light- weighted decaying technique that gives lower influence to old data. As sensor data are usually noisy, our algorithm is also outlier-aware. In thorough experiments on drifting synthetic and real world data sets, we show that SenClu outperforms two state-of-the-art algorithms by producing higher clustering quality and following trends in the stream, while consuming nearly the same amount of energy.
Contribution of Tactile and Kinesthetic Perceptions to Handwriting in Taiwanese Children in First and Second Grade

This study examined the contribution of tactile and kinesthetic perceptions to handwriting legibility and speed of 177 Taiwanese children in first and second grade. Five standardized instruments assessed tactile and kinesthetic perceptions using handwriting legibility and speed as outcome measures. Fine motor coordination, mental processing speed, age, and gender were measured and served as covariates. Pearson correlations and regression analyses examined the relationship between handwriting and tactile and kinesthetic perceptions. Handwriting speed and legibility both significantly correlated with tactile perception, kinesthetic perception, and covariates. Results from the regression analysis supported tactile and kinesthetic perceptions as being significant predictors of both handwriting speed (F (6,170) = 25.87, p < . 001, R = . 477) and legibility (F (6,170) = 11.043, p < . 001, R = . 280). Tactile perception contributed more to handwriting speed and legibility than kinesthetic perception. Tactile and kinesthetic perception should be assessed when evaluating handwriting. When children have difficulty writing quickly or legibly, professionals should assess children's tactile and kinesthetic abilities.
A Simulation Method of Controlled Hybrid Petri Nets Based on Matlab Simulink/Stateflow

Integrated with Matlab environment, Simulink and Stateflow are used to simulate complex systems and event- driven systems. In this paper, they are applied to simulate controlled hybrid Petri nets. The continuous parts and the discrete parts of controlled hybrid Petri nets are constructed separately by Simulink and Stateflow. Basic rules and steps are developed to construct a corresponding Simulink/Stateflow model from a given controlled hybrid Petri nets model. An example about modeling a typical controlled hybrid Petri nets is given, and the results show that the presented method is easily used, all- purpose and can be extended.
Replacement Paths via Fast Matrix Multiplication

Let G be a directed edge-weighted graph and let P be a shortest path from s to t in G. The replacement paths problem asks to compute, for every edge e on P, the shortest s-to-t path that avoids e. Apart from approximation algorithms and algorithms for special graph classes, the naive solution to this problem – removing each edge e on P one at a time and computing the shortest s-to-t path each time – is surprisingly the only known solution for directed weighted graphs, even when the weights are integrals. In particular, although the related shortest paths problem has benefited from fast matrix multiplication, the replacement paths problem has not, and still required cubic time. For an n-vertex graph with integral edge-lengths between -M and M, we give a randomized algorithm that uses fast matrix multiplication and is sub-cubic for appropriate values of M. We also show how to construct a distance sensitivity oracle in the same time bounds. A query (u,v,e) to this oracle requires sub-quadratic time and returns the length of the shortest u-to-v path that avoids the edge e. In fact, for any constant number of edge failures, we construct a data structure in sub-cubic time, that answer queries in sub-quadratic time. Our results also apply for avoiding vertices rather than edges.
A Performance-Guided Graph Sparsification Approach to Scalable and Robust SPICE-Accurate Integrated Circuit Simulations

To improve the efficiency of direct solution methods in SPICE-accurate integrated circuit (IC) simulations, preconditioned iterative solution techniques have been widely studied in the past decades. However, it is still an extremely challenging task to develop robust yet efficient general-purpose preconditioning methods that can deal with various types of large-scale IC problems. In this paper, based on recent graph sparsification research we propose circuit-oriented general-purpose support-circuit preconditioning (GPSCP) methods to dramatically improve the sparse matrix solution time and reduce the memory cost during SPICE-accurate IC simulations. By sparsifying the Laplacian matrix extracted from the original circuit network using graph sparsification techniques, general-purpose support circuits can be efficiently leveraged as preconditioners for solving large Jacobian matrices through Krylov-subspace iterations. Additionally, a performance model-guided graph sparsification framework is proposed to help automatically build nearly-optimal GPSCP solvers. Our experiment results for a variety of large-scale IC designs show that the proposed preconditioning techniques can achieve up to 18× runtime speedups and 7× memory reduction in DC and transient simulations when compared to state-of-the-art direct solution methods.
Factors contributing to risk for cancer among HIV-infected individuals, and evidence that earlier combination antiretroviral therapy will alter this risk

Purpose of review To critically appraise recent published literature about factors associated with cancer risk likely to be influenced by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in HIV-infected individuals, and the potential of earlier cART initiation to reduce this risk. Recent findings Factors leading to increased risk of non-AIDS-defining malignancies (NADMs) in particular remain poorly understood. Immunodeficiency appears to be key, whereas evidence is emerging that a direct pro-oncogenic effect of HIV, activated inflammatory and coagulation pathways, and cART toxicity may also contribute. By reducing HIV replication, improving immune function, and limiting chronic inflammation, cART initiation at higher CD4+ cell counts may, therefore, reduce NADM risk. However, cART only partly normalizes enhanced inflammation and coagulation seen during HIV infection and conflicting laboratory and epidemiological data have been reported as to whether (and how) cART affects NADM risk. Furthermore, secondary analyses of randomized controlled trials comparing early versus delayed cART initiation were inconclusive. Summary Continuous epidemiological surveillance is warranted to monitor trends in cancer incidence among HIV-infected individuals and to better understand the impact of earlier cART on NADM risk. The role of adjuvant anti-inflammatory or antithrombotic therapies to reduce cancer risk deserves further investigation.
The acousticvisual emotion guassians model for automatic generation of music video

This paper presents a novel content-based system that utilizes the perceived emotion of multimedia content as a bridge to connect music and video. Specifically, we propose a novel machine learning framework, called Acousticvisual Emotion Guassians (AVEG), to jointly learn the tripartite relationship among music, video, and emotion from an emotion-annotated corpus of music videos. For a music piece (or a video sequence), the AVEG model is applied to predict its emotion distribution in a stochastic emotion space from the corresponding low-level acoustic (resp. visual) features. Finally, music and video are matched by measuring the similarity between the two corresponding emotion distributions, based on a distance measure such as KL divergence.
Tension changes in the cat soleus muscle following slow stretch or shortening of the contracting muscle

The permanent extra tension after a stretch and the deficit of tension after a shortening in the soleus muscle of the anaesthetised cat were measured using distributed nerve stimulation across five channels. At low rates of stimulation the optimum length for a contraction was several millimetres longer than that when higher rates of stimulation were used, so that movements applied over the same length range could be on the descending limb of the full activation curve but on the ascending limb of the submaximal activation curve. The extra tension after stretch and the depression after shortening were present only near the peak and on the descending limb of the length‐tension curve. Effects on final tension of changing the speed and amplitude of stretches or shortenings were found to be small. Statistical analysis showed that variations in the tension excess or deficit due to changing stimulus rate could be entirely attributed to the effect of stimulus rate on the length‐tension relation, as when length was expressed relative to optimum for each rate, stimulus rate was no longer a significant determinant of the tension excess or deficit. The extra tension after stretch and the depression after shortening disappeared if stimulation was interrupted and tension briefly fell to zero. These effects were explained in terms of a non‐uniform distribution of sarcomere length changes at long muscle lengths. During stretch some sarcomeres are stretched to beyond overlap while others lengthen hardly at all. During shortening some sarcomeres shorten much further than others. These mechanisms have important implications for exercise physiology and sports medicine.
A Framework for Comparing IS Research Paradigms: How Is Design Science Related to Other Research Paradigms?

Research in the information systems (IS) field is complex and growing more complex, as alternative paradigms for research are introduced, grow and expand. In addition to the more traditional paradigms of positivist and interpretive research, recently interest within IS has focussed on Design Science Research (DSR). But how does DSR compare to other research paradigms? What do they have in common? Are they compatible with each other? This paper proposes a framework that can be used to compare IS research paradigms and elucidate and illuminate key differences and issues in their respective perspectives. The framework has three dimensions: (1) empirical vs non-empirical, (2) descriptive vs evaluative or normative, and (3) value-naive vs value-aware vs value-critical. Five alternative IS research paradigms are then positioned in the framework and their differences contrasted, with particular focus on DSR and its main activities.
Detection of fractalkine in human seminal plasma and its role in infertile patients.

BACKGROUND Fractalkine is a relatively newly discovered CX(3)C chemokine, which is a chemoattractant for T cells, monocytes and natural killer cells. Several reports have demonstrated the association between chemokine levels in seminal plasma and semen quality. The fractalkine levels in ejaculates from normal donors and infertile male patients with or without asthenozoospermia, were examined and correlated with sperm motility and morphology. METHODS AND RESULTS Western blot analysis showed fractalkine protein to be present in the seminal plasma. Fractalkine titres in the seminal plasma of infertile men with asthenozoospermia (0.64 +/- 0.04 microg/ml; n = 58) were lower than those in patients without asthenozoospermia (0.94 +/- 0.10 microg/ml; n = 22, P < 0.01) and fertile donors (1.04 +/- 0.07 microg/ml; n = 10, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between fractalkine levels in patients with and without leukospermia. No significant correlation was found between fractalkine and interleukin-8 levels in seminal plasma. Sperm motility was positively correlated (R(2) = 0.14, P < 0.001) with fractalkine concentration. The existence of CX(3)CR-positive leukocytes in semen was confirmed using specific primers for CX(3)CR. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that fractalkine is a chemokine associated with sperm motility and the migration of CX(3)CR-positive leukocytes into semen.
The Structure-Function Relationship of Prestin: From an Evolutionary Perspective

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . vi TABLE OF CONTENTS . viii ABREVIATIONS . xii LIST OF TABLES . xiii LIST OF FIGURES . xiv CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUD AND LITERATURE REVIEW . 1 I. MAMMALIAN COCHLEAR AMPLIFICATION: TWO PUTATIVE MECHANISMS . 1 A. The mammalian cochlea: anatomy and physiology . 1 B. Cochlear amplification: physics and cellular origin. 3 C. Stereocilia movement: the energy source of inner ear amplification of NMV . 4 D. OHC electromotility: mechanism of mammalian cochlear amplification . 5 II. PRESTIN: THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF OHC MOTILITY . 7 A. Identification of the motor of OHC: prestin molecule and OHC membrane particles. 7 B. Functional features of prestin: Motility and NLC, the two hallmarks . 9 C. Structure and function relationship of prestin . 9 D. Working Mechanism of Prestin: the PAT Model . 10
Reactive Planning with Evolutionary Computation

This work proposes a method to generate robot plans by evolutionary computation. The main focus of the work is the representation of the plan. The reactive plan can be represented with a fixed length string that is suitable to be evolved by Genetic Algorithms. Two experiments are performed comparing the reactive plan with the ordinary plan: controlling a manipulator and the artificial ant problems. The results show that evolving reactive plans requires much less computational effort than ordinary plans. Key-Words: Reactive planning, robot planning, evolutionary computation.
Crossed Immunoelectrophoretic Identification of Partially Purified Type Common and Type Specific Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein Antigens

Summary HSV glycoprotein antigens obtained from Triton X-100-solubilized type 1- and type 2-infected cells were partially purified by ion-exchange chromatography and analyzed by crossed immunoelectropho-resis in Triton X-100 containing agarose gel. Two HSV type common, two HSV type 1 specific, and one HSV type 2 specific antigens were identified. Rabbits immunized with the HSV glycoprotein preparations developed strong viral-neutralizing antibodies.
Personality Traits, Depression, and Objectively Measured Adherence to Once-daily Prostaglandin Analog Medication in Glaucoma

PurposeTo investigate the influence of personality traits, depression, and training on objectively measured adherence to once-daily prostaglandin analog medication. MethodsAdherence was measured with the Travalert Dosing Aid on 58 consecutive, regularly followed-up glaucoma patients already on self-administered travoprost. Before the 3-month data-collection period all patients received training on use of the device. Psychologic characteristics were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and Beck Hopeless Scale and Depression Inventory. An adherent day was defined as travoprost instillation at 9 PM ±2 hours. ResultsAdherence was 77% for the total period. Social desirability was higher than normal (U test, P<0.0001). Seven patients (12.1%) showed mild-to-moderate depression, which was not significantly associated with decreased adherence (Kruskal-Wallis test, P=0.071). Severity of glaucoma, number of ocular and systemic medications, satisfaction with the recording device, and socio-economic characteristics had no influence on adherence. ConclusionsObjectively measured adherence to once-daily prostaglandin analog medication was good, and not influenced by treatment characteristics or patient factors including mild-to-moderate depression. The elevated social desirability suggests that self-reported adherence is not a reliable measure of adherence in glaucoma.
Sharp asymptotic behavior for wetting models in (1+1)-dimension

We consider continuous and discrete (1+1)-dimensional wetting models which undergo a localization/delocalization phase transition. Using a simple approach based on Renewal Theory we determine the precise asymptotic behavior of the partition function, from which we obtain the scaling limits of the models and an explicit construction of the infinite volume measure in all regimes, including the critical one.
What does a patient with semantic dementia remember in verbal short-term memory? Order and sound but not words

In this study, we explored capacities for three different aspects of short-term verbal memory in patients with semantic dementia. As expected, the two patients had poor recall for lexico-semantic item information, as assessed by immediate serial recall of word lists. In contrast, their short-term memory for phonological information was preserved, as evidenced by normal performance for immediate serial recall of nonword lists, with normal or increased nonword phonotactic-frequency effects, and increased sensitivity to phonological lures in a delayed probe recognition task. Furthermore, the patients appeared to have excellent memory for the serial order of the words in a list. These data provide further support for the proposal that language knowledge is a major determining factor of verbal STM capacity, but they also highlight the necessary distinction of processes involved in item and order recall, as proposed by recent models of STM.
A data-driven methodology for the production of multilingual conversational systems

This paper describes a data-driven methodology for the design of multilingual conversational systems. The work presented here covers the various aspects of bootstrapping and deploying multilingual systems, such as phone set definition, acoustic modeling, language modeling, and language understanding. For the initial system domain, a Directory Assistance Service has been chosen. Whereas former approaches focused more on the multilinguality of single components of a dialog system we will cover the whole speech-to-speech process of a conversational system.
Non-linearly Induced Interference and its Mitigation in Cognitive Wideband Receivers

Software defined radios are widely used as multi-mode and multi-band RF transceivers for modern communication systems, especially in cognitive radio. However, the design of flexible, cheap, and reconfigurable front-ends is a challenging task in terms of the RF transceiver electronics. Many requirements to the analogue components can be met by today's technologies, however, this may not always be practical except for measurements and prototyping. This paper addresses RF impairments in wideband cognitive radios, especially non-linear distortions in the receiver. Receiver non-linearities affect the reliability of spectrum sensing, a key issue in spectrum awareness. Here, the focus is on mitigation of non-linear distortions using “Dirty RF” techniques. We present experimental work studying the effects of non-linear distortions and analysing the performance of a typical wideband soft-ware-defined receiver. A feed-forward mitigation algorithm with an adaptive filter has been implemented and applied to real measurement data for cleaning the baseband spectrum of distortion products. The results obtained show that a significant suppression of distortion products can be achieved.
Effect of CYP3A1(23) Induction on Clarithromycin Pharmacokinetics in Rats with Diabetes Mellitus

ABSTRACT After intravenous and oral administration of clarithromycin at a dose of 20 mg/kg of body weight to rats with diabetes mellitus induced by alloxan (DMIA) and diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin (DMIS), the area under the curve values were significantly smaller than those of respective control rats. The in vitro intrinsic clearance values for the disappearance of clarithromycin were significantly faster in both rats with DMIA and rats with DMIS than in control rats. The above data suggested that metabolism of clarithromycin increased in both types of diabetic rat due to an increase in the expression and mRNA level of CYP3A1(23) in the rats.