Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local Reasoning for Termination

In this paper, we bridge the gap between separation logic and transition invariants in order to obtain a uniform framework for proving total correctness of pointer programs. We introduce the concept of separated transition constraints to describe the local effect of pointer programs. Separated transition constraints provide a new view on locality by their non-tight interpretation. Furthermore, separated transition constraints constitute the basis for separated transition logic which enables local reasoning about relations over states of heap-manipulating programs. We put the framework of transition invariants to work with separated transition logic and obtain as a consequence a conservative extension of separation logic that is able to prove termination.
Purification of the simian virus 40 (SV40) T antigen DNA-binding domain and characterization of its interactions with the SV40 origin

To better define protein-DNA interactions at a eukaryotic origin, the domain of simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen that specifically interacts with the SV40 origin has been purified and its binding to DNA has been characterized. Evidence is presented that the affinity of the purified T antigen DNA-binding domain for the SV40 origin is comparable to that of the full-length T antigen. Furthermore, stable binding of the T antigen DNA-binding domain to the SV40 origin requires pairs of pentanucleotide recognition sites separated by approximately one turn of a DNA double helix and positioned in a head-to-head orientation. Although two pairs of pentanucleotides are present in the SV40 origin, footprinting and band shift experiments indicate that binding is limited to dimer formation on a single pair of pentanucleotides. Finally, it is demonstrated that the T antigen DNA-binding domain interacts poorly with single-stranded DNA.
The emergence and promise of functional biogeography

Understanding, modeling, and predicting the impact of global change on ecosystem functioning across biogeographical gradients can benefit from enhanced capacity to represent biota as a continuous distribution of traits. However, this is a challenge for the field of biogeography historically grounded on the species concept. Here we focus on the newly emergent field of functional biogeography: the study of the geographic distribution of trait diversity across organizational levels. We show how functional biogeography bridges species-based biogeography and earth science to provide ideas and tools to help explain gradients in multifaceted diversity (including species, functional, and phylogenetic diversities), predict ecosystem functioning and services worldwide, and infuse regional and global conservation programs with a functional basis. Although much recent progress has been made possible because of the rising of multiple data streams, new developments in ecoinformatics, and new methodological advances, future directions should provide a theoretical and comprehensive framework for the scaling of biotic interactions across trophic levels and its ecological implications.
Crucial Role of TSC-22 in Preventing the Proteasomal Degradation of p53 in Cervical Cancer

The p53 tumor suppressor function can be compromised in many tumors by the cellular antagonist HDM2 and human papillomavirus oncogene E6 that induce p53 degradation. Restoration of p53 activity has strong therapeutic potential. Here, we identified TSC-22 as a novel p53-interacting protein and show its novel function as a positive regulator of p53. We found that TSC-22 level was significantly down-regulated in cervical cancer tissues. Moreover, over-expression of TSC-22 was sufficient to inhibit cell proliferation, promote cellular apoptosis in cervical cancer cells and suppress growth of xenograft tumors in mice. Expression of also TSC-22 enhanced the protein level of p53 by protecting it from poly-ubiquitination. When bound to the motif between amino acids 100 and 200 of p53, TSC-22 inhibited the HDM2- and E6-mediated p53 poly-ubiquitination and degradation. Consequently, ectopic over-expression of TSC-22 activated the function of p53, followed by increased expression of p21Waf1/Cip1 and PUMA in human cervical cancer cell lines. Interestingly, TSC-22 did not affect the interaction between p53 and HDM2. Knock-down of TSC-22 by small interfering RNA clearly enhanced the poly-ubiquitination of p53, leading to the degradation of p53. These results suggest that TSC-22 acts as a tumor suppressor by safeguarding p53 from poly-ubiquitination mediated-degradation.
UISilk: towards interfacing the body

This paper examines transient electronics, ubiquitous biosensing and design in the context of the biodegradable material silk. The intersection of these disciplines will be demonstrated with the hypothetical application scenario You, I, Silk (UISilk). This design probe furthers the possibilities and probabilities of silken high- tech applications, which might soon enter the human body, for example in form of transient electronics. The speculation on potential impact of silk through the lens of organic and non-digital sensing offers hereby an extended perspective on programmable biomarkers, their potential for Citizen Science and current sensing paradigms.
Effects of toe-off and heel-off motions on gait performance of biped robots

In this paper, it is highly proposed to take into account of both heels and active toe joints during the walking of a biped robot with 7-DOF legs. The main goal of this research is to examine significance of exploiting heels and active toe joints on reducing the maximum knee joint torque as well as the total energy consumption. To this end, six different walking patterns are presented, while the main purpose is minimizing the maximum knee joint torques and the total energy consumption. In the simplest pattern, each step consists of one single-support phase and one double-support phase, considering flat sole in both phases. In the most complex pattern, each step consists of two subphases during the single-support phase and also two subphases during the double-support phase. These subphases are created using heels and active toes. Consequently, the most effective pattern in terms of the maximum torque of knee joint and the total energy consumption is specified.
The MPEG Interactive Music Application Format Standard [Standards in a Nutshell]

The music industry is going through a transformation, and new interactive music services have emerged. It is envisaged that this new concept of digital music content will dominate the next generation of music services. A standardized file format is inevitably required to provide the interoperability between various interactive music players and interactive music albums. This issue is addressed in a new standard by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG), known as the MPEG-A Interactive Music Application Format (IM AF). IM AF integrates multiple audio tracks with appropriate additional information, enabling users to experience various preset mixes and to make their own mixes complying with interactivity rules imposed by the music composers with the aim of fitting their artistic creation.
Level-By-Level Offset Based Wake up Patternwith Hybrid Data Gathering Protocol in aWSN

Energy consumption is the major problem in a wireless sensor network (WSN). In order to reduce the energy consumption, level by level offset based wake up pattern with hybrid data gathering protocol is introduced in this paper. This paper analyses the energy consumption in different nodes. The main purpose of WSN is to collect data for processing, communicating and reporting. For data reporting time driven and event driven schemes are used. There is a hybrid data gathering protocol that dynamically switches between the event driven and time driven data reporting schemes. By using this hybrid data gathering protocol with sleep scheduling, we can detect an event of interest in the near future with low energy consumption. Also we can predict the dissemination pattern of an event.
Linguistic Challenges for Computationalists

Even now techniques are in common use in computational linguistics which could lead to important advances in pure linguistics, especially language acquisition and the study of language variation, if they were applied with intelligence and persistence. Reliable techniques for assaying similarities and differences among linguistic varieties are useful not only in dialectology and sociolinguistics, but could also be valuable in studies of first and second language learning and in the study of language contact. These techniques would be even more valuable if they indicated relative degrees of similarity, but also the source of deviation (contamination). Given the current tendency in linguistics to wish to confront the data of language use more directly, techniques are needed which can handle large amounts of noisy data and extract reliable measures from them. The current focus in Computational Linguistics on useful applications is a very good thing, but some further attention to the linguistic use of computational techniques would be very rewarding.
An integrated architecture for exploring, wrapping, mediating and restructuring information from the Web

The goal of information extraction from the Web is to provide an integrated view on heterogeneous information sources. A main problem with current wrapper/mediator approaches is that they rely on very different formalisms and tools for wrappers and mediators, thus leading to an "impedance mismatch" between the wrapper and mediator level. Additionally, most approaches currently are tailored to access information from a fixed set of sources. In this paper we discuss an architecture where Web exploration, wrapping, mediation, and querying is done in an integrated system. Such an architecture reveals significant advantages in combination with a unified framework-i.e., data model and language-in which all tasks are done. Our approach is based on a a unified model of the application-level information and the relevant fragment of the Web, and on an integrated language for accessing the Web, wrapping, mediating, and querying information. In this world model, in contrast to other approaches, the relevant part of the Web becomes a part of the internal world model of the system. This allows for a data-driven Web exploration which is independent from a given network of individual predefined wrappers and mediators. Thus, in addition to the classical wrapping and mediating functionality, a system in this architecture can be equipped with Web navigation and exploration functionality. In an abstract sense, the system comprises a universal wrapper which can be applied to arbitrary Web data sources which become known to the system during information processing. Equipped with suitably intelligent rules, the system can potentially explore before unknown parts of the Web, thus coping with the steady growth of the Web. The architecture is implemented in the FLORID system.
Teaching Recipes and Mixed Patterns of Justification: Some Findings of Teachers' Pedagogical Thinking.

This study examined the justifications that Finnish student teacher supervisors gave regarding their advice and guidelines used in teaching practice, referring to the advice as teaching recipes. Both supervisors and student teachers were asked for information on justifications. Justifications were collected via questionnaires and interviews over one academic year during different phases of student teaching. Respondents were asked to describe recipes they had used themselves or had observed being used. They were also asked if the teaching: recipes had been justified and what purposes were involved in the supervisory process. Recipes, advice, and guidelines were commonly used, although respondents tended to deny the fact at first. The justifications noted by supervisors were either rational and intuitive or a combination of both. About 65 percent of student teachers said that the advice and guidelines they had received were very useful, and 25 percent said they were useful to varying degrees. Thoroughness and accuracy of supervision and the expression of positive aspects contributed to making students' attitudes toward the recipes positive. Students considered recipes more useful if they were clearly tied to students' personalities and if they directly related to how students acted. (Contains 40 references.) (SM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.
Circle detection in pulsative medical video sequence

The article deals with a new method for the detection of pulsative circular objects in a medical video sequence. The motivation for investigating this method consists in the fact that a circular object is not very apparent and its detection in such a frame is inaccurate. In some cases of medical images, the pulsative character of the circular area being searched can be used for its localisation. The proposed method starts from an analysis of movement, using optical flow estimation. The compensation of global movement is necessary because only local pulsative movement during the video sequence is assumed. The optical flow estimation is followed by another main processing step: the Hough Transform for the circle position estimation. Circles with expected properties are selected using the Bayes classifier. Finally, the circle position in a single frame is adapted using the analysis of average pixel intensity in the directions starting from the circle centre.
Graph-constrained discriminant analysis of functional genomics data

Classification studies from microarray data have proved useful in tasks like predicting patient class. At the same time, more and more biological information about gene regulation networks has been gathered mainly in the form of graph. Incorporating the a priori biological information encoded by graphs turns out to be a very important issue to increase classification performance. We present a method to integrate information from a network topology into a classification algorithm: the graph-Constrained Discriminant Analysis (gCDA). We applied our algorithm to simulated and real data and show that it performs better than a linear Support Vector Machines classifier.
The contingencies of partnership: Experiences from the training reform agenda in Australian manufacturing

This paper examines the development of an antecedent model of social partnership, the social “accord” employed by the Labor Government in Australia during the period 1983‐1996. The specific focus of the paper is upon the implementation of the Training Reform Agenda (TRA) in Australian manufacturing. The TRA was designed to provide for the upskilling of existing employees and the enhanced vocational preparation of new employees. This was a joint objective of government, business and union policy and one designed to encourage the growth of high‐wage, high‐skill industries. The achievement of this objective was, however, limited. Social partnership, in the case of the TRA, proved to be a way of legitimating a work change process which delivered greater gains to employers than it did to unions and employees. The partnerships formed under the aegis of the TRA had a limited lifespan and represented a contingent form of relationship between the partners, rather than a seachange in relations.
EMBEDDING MATCHBOX MANIFOLDS

A foliated space M of dimension n is a continuum which has a local product structure: every point x ∈ M has an open neighborhood Ux ⊂ M homeomorphic to an open subset Ux ⊂ R times a compact metric space Tx. The space Tx is called the local transverse model, and the pre-images of the slices Ux×{w} for w ∈ Tx are called plaques. The leaves of the foliation F of M are the maximal connected components with respect to the fine topology on M induced by the plaques of the local product structure. This concept has deep roots in continua theory, with modern treatments in the spirit of foliated manifolds given in [14, 45]. A foliated space is transitive if there exists at least one leaf of F which is dense in M, and minimal if every leaf of F is dense in M.
Lane detection algorithm based on local feature extraction

An effective local feature extraction algorithm for lane detection is proposed in this paper. First, a lane region of interest (ROI) is determined by the location of road surface appeared in an image. Then, the light intensity and width of lane markings are taken as the local feature. A local threshold segmentation algorithm is utilized to extract lane-marking candidates followed by a morphological operation to obtain the accurate lane. An edge refining procedure is used to eliminate the interference and reduce computational cost. Finally, the lane marking is detected using Hough transform with some subsidiary conditions. With the proposed method, the lane can be accurately detected in conditions of fluctuating and poor illumination, as well as the interference from reflected light can be avoided effectively. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
Time division based on analyses of network user time span preference

The time based feature facilitates the new opportunity to understand the network user behaviors. Research on user behavior patterns varying with time is a hot point recently. In multi-dimensional mining of user profiles, time division contributes to decline the complexity of data process. Time division consistent with user on-line regularities is significant to obtain accurate user behavior information. The time characteristics of internet applications appear as users' preference to time spans when it comes to user behaviors. In this paper we introduce hour-based time division method considering the user time span preference. First, we arrange users into 24 groups, in which each user has the highest on-line duration in the same 1-hour time span. Then we cluster the 24 groups with the clustering algorithm based on user time span preference. Corresponding to the result groups, we achieve the time division by incorporating 1-hour time spans. Finally, a set of useful descriptions and analyses on user time span preference are presented to give us a deep sight of user behaviors with the result time division.
Analysis of x 86 Application and System Programs via Machine-Code Verification

Ensuring the reliability of high-level programs is becoming more difficult with the ever-increasing complexity of computing systems. Although automatic program analysis tools have found great success in industrial applications, they have limited scope because they target specific kinds of undesirable behavior, such as buffer overflows. Incorrect compiler transformations and the absence of analysis systems for some high-level languages suggest that a lowest-common-denominator strategy, namely machine-code analysis, will facilitate extensive program verification. For this dissertation project, we are developing a general framework for the mechanical verification of software by analyzing its corresponding machine (binary) code. To this end, we are specifying a formal and executable model of the x86 instruction set architecture (ISA) using the ACL2 theorem-proving system. Notably, this model can be used for the functional verification of application as well as system programs. If successful, this project will provide the capability to mechanically verify a wide variety of properties of x86 programs, including their correctness with respect to behavior, security, and resource requirements. We have already used this x86 ISA model to prove the correctness of some application programs, such as a binary-level word-count program that makes system calls to obtain its input. This binary program was obtained by compiling the corresponding source program using the LLVM compiler. We will demonstrate the capabilities of this framework by verifying system programs that access and modify system data structures, such as memory management structures.
Towards Resource Disaggregation — Memory Scavenging for Scientific Workloads

Compute clusters, consisting of many, uniformly built nodes, are used to run a large spectrum of different workloads, like tightly coupled (MPI) jobs, MapReduce, or graph-processing data-analytics applications, each of which with their own resource requirements. Many studies consistently highlight two types of under-utilized cluster resources: memory (up to 50%) and network. In this work, we take a step towards (software) resource disaggregation, and therefore increased resource utilization, by designing a memory scavenging technique that makes unused memory available to applications on other cluster nodes. We implement this technique in MemFSS, an in-memory distributed file system. The scavenging MemFSS extends its storage space by taking advantage of the unused memory and bandwidth of cluster nodes already running other tenants' applications. Our experiments show that our memory scavenging approach incurs negligible overhead (below 10%) for most tenant applications, while the compute resource comsumption of MemFSS applications is largely reduced (by 17%-74%).
A method of skin color identification based on color classification

This paper describes a method to identify human skin region in an image on a color classification result. The method classifies the colors of all pixels in the image into several classes through K-means algorithm and segments the image into several parts according to the color class that each pixel belongs. Each class of color is represented by a color feature vector. Find the class whose feature vector has the minimum distance to the skin color feature vector previously defined in the color space. Take this class as human-skin color in this image and the skin color region can be identified. This method does not need an accurate skin color model which can only be obtained through resource-costing training processes. It offers a relatively simple way to find the regions that is most similar to skin color and so to identify the regions as skin regions. Experiment results are shown to prove the effectiveness.
Does Learning from Others in a Classroom Setting Enhance or Damage Creativity?

In the digital age with a wide array of information never before so openly and easily accessible by the general public, students are allowed to access and reference other people’s ideas and works in their learning processes more than ever before in human history. This paper seeks to explore how learning from others in an educational setting could possibly impact on students’ creativity, and more specifically, to examine how the acquisition of two different types of knowledge in students’ learning processes (i.e. acquisition of skill and acquisition of cognitive strategies) could impact on students’ levels of creativity. Apart from delineating the distinct impacts on levels of creativity as a result of two different types of learning contents, this paper also studies how the classroom climate in which students study could moderate the relationship between these two aforementioned types of knowledge acquisition and students’ levels of creativity.