Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Explanation Ontology: A general-purpose, semantic representation for supporting user-centered explanations

In the past decade, trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a focus for the AI community to ensure better adoption of AI models, and explainable AI is a cornerstone in this area. Over the years, the focus has shifted from building transparent AI methods to making recommendations on how to make black-box or opaque machine learning models and their results more understandable by experts and non-expert users. In our previous work, to address the goal of supporting user-centered explanations that make model recommendations more explainable, we developed an Explanation Ontology (EO). The EO is a general-purpose representation that was designed to help system designers connect explanations to their underlying data and knowledge. This paper addresses the apparent need for improved interoperability to support a wider range of use cases. We expand the EO, mainly in the system attributes contributing to explanations, by introducing new classes and properties to support a broader range of state-of-the-art explainer models. We present the expanded ontology model, highlighting the classes and properties that are important to model a larger set of fifteen literature-backed explanation types that are supported within the expanded EO. We build on these explanation type descriptions to show how to utilize the EO model to represent explanations in five use cases spanning the domains of finance, food, and healthcare. We include competency questions that evaluate the EO’s capabilities to provide guidance for system designers on how to apply our ontology to their own use cases. This guidance includes allowing system designers to query the EO directly and providing them exemplar queries to explore content in the EO represented use cases. We have released this significantly expanded version of the Explanation Ontology at https://purl.org/heals/eo and updated our resource website, https://tetherless-world.github. io/explanation-ontology, with supporting documentation. Overall, through the EO model, we aim to help system designers be better informed about explanations and support these explanations that can be composed, given their systems’ outputs from various AI models, including a mix of machine learning, logical and explainer models, and different types of data and knowledge available to their systems.
Research on the Relationship between Internal Corporate Social Responsibility, Organizational Commitment, and Employee Innovative Behavior

Innovation is the core competitiveness of enterprises, and how to motivate employees to innovate is an important issue to be solved in enterprise management. The role of internal corporate social responsibility in motivating employees to innovate is worth exploring. Therefore, this study used empirical research methods to explore the relationship between internal corporate social responsibility, organizational commitment, and employee innovative behavior, where organizational commitment was a mediator. Through a questionnaire survey of 308 enterprise employees, this study drawn the following conclusions: (1) Internal corporate social responsibility positively and significantly affected employee innovative behavior and organizational commitment. (2) Organizational commitment positively and significantly affected employee innovative behavior. (3) Organizational commitment was a mediating variable between internal corporate social responsibility and employee innovative behavior. Based on the conclusions of the study, this study proposed suggestions on motivating employees to innovate, hoping to help enterprises develop and progress.
Surface Vertical Multi-Emission Laser with Distributed Bragg Reflector Feedback from CsPbI3 Quantum Dots

Quantum dots (QDs) laser has become an important way to solve micro-application problems in many fields. However, single wavelength distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) has many limitations in practical applications, such as signal transmission. How to realize multiwavelength DBR lasing output simply is a challenge. To achieve a stable multi-wavelength quantum dots laser in the near-infrared region, the perovskite CsPbI3 QDs laser with DBR structure is developed in this paper. A tetragonal crystal structure with complete bonding information and no defect is explained by X-ray diffractions (XRD) and Raman spectrum. The cross-section morphology of the DBR laser and the surface morphology of QDs is measured by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively. An elliptical light propagation field and a double wavelength laser radiation are obtained from the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation. The output of the three wavelength lasers at 770 nm, 823 nm, and 873 nm is measured. The emission time of a DBR laser is about 2 h, and the average fluorescence quantum yield is 60%. The cavity length selection and energy level model are put in place to clearly see the working mechanism. All the results suggest that an effective and stable CsPbI3 quantum dots DBR laser is realized.
Standing waves for a class of quasilinear Schrödinger equations

We study the existence of standing wave solutions for a class of quasilinear Schrödinger equations with subcritical or critical growth where is a given potential, is a parameter. By variational methods, we investigate the range of parameters where the existence of non-trivial solutions can be guaranteed. Especially, by combing Resonance and Hahn–Banach theorems, we improve some previous results on .
Some Regular [F, dn ] Matrices with Complex Elements

Let A = (ank ) and {sn } (n, k = 0, 1, 2, . . .) be a matrix and a sequence of complex numbers, respectively. Let the members of the sequence {σn } be defined by then we say {σn } is the A -transform of {sn }. The matrix A = (ank ) is called regular if
Alternative vocabularies in the test validity literature

Justification of testing practice involves moving from one state of knowledge about the test to another. Theories of test validity can (a) focus on the beginning of the process, (b) focus on the end or (c) encompass the entire process. Analyses of four case studies test and illustrate three claims: (a) restrictions on validity entail a supplement required to obtain justification from validity. (b) Rationales for restrictions assume particular contexts. (c) Claims can be translated between contrasting vocabularies. Implications for consumers of test validity theory include encouragement to focus on content instead of form and to write and read mindfully of the multiplicity of validity vocabularies. Implications for producers of test validity theory include encouragement to consider multiple reconstructions of a particular theory of test validity, clearly distinguish validity theories from validity definitions, and focus on contributing arguments that constrain possible theories rather than contributing definitions or broad frameworks.
Breaking through the fear: exploring the mathematical resilience toolkit with anxious FE students

ABSTRACT Approximately one in three people worldwide suffers from mathematics anxiety, with scholarly literature demonstrating that it has significant consequences for both individuals and wider society. While underlying related concepts, such as self-efficacy and emotional regulation, have been studied, there has been less research into accessible, practical approaches that teachers, support staff, carers and learners can use to overcome emotional barriers to learning mathematics. However, one exception is the Mathematical Resilience Toolkit by Johnston-Wilder et al. This paper reviews the research underpinning the Mathematical Resilience Toolkit, introduces the concept of psychological safety, and presents and evaluates the results of a small-scale study. The Toolkit was used with eight mature GCSE mathematics learners in a further education college. In this exploratory study, data were collected from interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. The key themes that emerged highlight the importance of addressing emotional aspects of learning mathematics in the classroom for those returning to mathematics from adverse prior experiences. All participants rated the Mathematical Resilience Toolkit as ‘extremely useful’ and would advise using it as a practical strategy for any adult with anxiety in mathematics learning. This approach warrants further research to establish its efficacy in different contexts.
Enantioselective Optical Trapping of Chiral Nanoparticles with Plasmonic Tweezers

Enantiomer separation is a critical step in many chemical syntheses, particularly for pharmaceuticals, but prevailing chemical methods remain inefficient. Here, we introduce an optical technique to sort chiral specimens using coaxial plasmonic apertures. These apertures are composed of a deeply subwavelength silica channel embedded in silver and can stably trap sub-20 nm dielectric nanoparticles. Using both full-field simulations and analytic calculations, we show that selective trapping of enantiomers can be achieved with circularly polarized illumination. Opposite enantiomers experience distinct trapping forces in both sign and magnitude: one is trapped in a deep potential well, while the other is repelled with a potential barrier. These potentials maintain opposite signs across a range of chiral polarizabilities and enantiomer–aperture separations. Our theory indicates that the interaction of chiral light and chiral specimens can be mediated by achiral plasmonic apertures, providing a possible route to.
COMPARISON OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME BETWEEN DCP AND INTRAMEDULLARY NAIL IN THE TREATMENT OF SIMPLE TRANSVERSE HUMERUS FRACTURE

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To compare functional outcome in patients managed with dynamic compression plating or locked intramedullary nailing for humeral shaft transverse fractures in Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital. METHODS: This randomised control trial was conducted in Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore from September 15 to March 15, 2020. Patients of either gender and all ages with humerus shaft transverse fracture fulfilling the inclusion criteria were assessed and treated with either DCP or locking intramedullary nail. Post-operative functional outcome was graded as excellent,good, fair and poor. Results: The total number of patients in our study were 60. Mean age was 38.7±12.79 years. Male patients were 45(75%) and female 15(25%). Mean follow up period minimum was of 6 months.In the Intramedullary nail group(I), the Neer scores were 13 (43.3%) excellent,11 (36.7%) good, 4 (13.3 %) fair and 2( 6.7%) poor. Whereas, functional outcome Neer scores of Dynamic compression plate group (II) were 23(76.7%) excellent,6 (20%) good, and only single case( 3.3%) shows poor result. Conclusion: The functional outcome with both modalities were excellent with mean Neer score of respective Nail and DCP with 85.90% and 91.03%.
Mechanical Properties of High Carbon Low-Density Steels

The paper presents the possibilities of heat treatment of low-density structural steels usable for springs. Heats have been prepared with chemical compositions 0.7 wt% C and 1 wt% C, as well as 7 wt% Al and 5 wt% Al. Samples were prepared from ingots weighing approximately 50 kg. These ingots were homogenised, then forged, and hot rolled. Primary transformation temperatures and specific gravity values were determined for these alloys. For low-density steels, there usually needs to be a solution to achieve the required ductility values. At cooling rates of 50 °C/s and 100 °C/s, the kappa phase is not present. A SEM analysed the fracture surfaces for the presence of transit carbides during tempering. The martensite start temperatures ranged from 55–131 °C, depending on the chemical composition. The densities of the measured alloys were 7.08 g/cm3 and 7.18 g/cm3, respectively. Therefore, heat treatment variation was carried out to achieve a tensile strength of over 2500 MPa, with ductility of almost 4%. Hardnesses above 60 HRC were achieved for 1 wt% C heats using the appropriate heat treatment.
Online Process Monitoring Based on Proprioceptive Signals for Robotic Grinding

Actual robotic grinding depth is difficult to control due to the robot and workpiece’s weak rigidity. The online monitoring of the robotic grinding state is urgently needed for suppressing abnormal conditions and improving surface quality. Previous methods heavily relied on various additional sensors. Multisensor proprioceptive signals are not effectively used. Recently, data-driven methods have been used in machining monitoring. However, enormous samples with high costs are required for the training of the deep learning-based monitoring model. This article proposes a proprioceptive signal-based online process monitoring method for robotic grinding. First, a multisensor information fusion approach based on velocity synchronous linear chirplet transform (VSLCT) converts the proprioceptive current signals to the fused time-frequency (TF) images. It extracts the intrinsic features of nonstationary signals without user interventions. Second, the mix-up data augmentation approach derived from the constrained convolutional autoencoder (CCAE) enhances the machining dataset with a better sample generation quality. Third, a residual convolutional neural network (CNN) for classification is designed to complete the grinding monitoring task. Finally, the robotic grinding experiments demonstrate higher classification performance by up to 99.69% under laboratory machining conditions. In addition, the suggested approach performs better under various noises and small training-set proportions than other advanced methods.
Germination ecology and response to herbicides of Ludwigia prostrata and their implication for weed control in paddy fields

Abstract Prostrate water primrose is a troublesome weed in rice paddy fields. A study was conducted to determine the influence of environmental and agronomic factors on its emergence. The efficacy of herbicides on this species was also examined. The germination percentage of mature seeds remained above 90% within 180 d after harvest, indicating a low primary dormancy of this species. Light stimulated seed germination. Seeds buried deeper than 0.5 cm did not form seedlings. These results suggest that stale seedbed practices and deep tillage operations can mitigate the occurrence of this species in paddy fields. The optimum temperature for germination varied from 25/15 C to 35/25 C. The osmotic potential and salt concentration needed to inhibit 50% of maximum germination were –0.4 MPa and 197 mM, respectively. Seeds were tolerant to flooding and did not germinate at pH 8 to 10. The preemergence herbicides oxadiazon, oxadiargyl, and butachlor had excellent control efficacy on prostrate water primrose, with a 95.4% to 100% reduction in seedling number and a 99.2% to 100% reduction in biomass, respectively. The postemergence herbicides MCPA-Na + bentazone, bentazone, MCPA-Na, and fluroxypyr applied at the 2- to 3-leaf stage of prostrate water primrose provided a 90.6% to 100% reduction in seedling number and a 99.3% to 100% reduction in biomass. The results of this study can help in developing sustainable and effective integrated weed management strategies for controlling prostrate water primrose in paddy fields. Nomenclature: Bentazon; butachlor; fluroxypyr; MCPA-Na; oxadiargyl; oxadiazon; prostrate water primrose; Ludwigia prostrata Roxb
Hierarchically tumor-activated nanoCRISPR-Cas13a facilitates efficient microRNA disruption for multi-pathway-mediated tumor suppression

Rationale: CRISPR-Cas13a is an efficient tool for robust RNA knockdown with lower off-target effect, which may be a potentially powerful and safe tool for cancer gene therapy. However, therapeutic effect of current cancer gene therapy that targeting monogene was compromised by the multi-mutational signal pathway alterations of tumorigenesis. Methods: Here, hierarchically tumor-activated nanoCRISPR-Cas13a (CHAIN) is fabricated for multi-pathway-mediated tumor suppression by efficient microRNA disruption in vivo. A fluorinated polyetherimide (PEI; Mw=1.8KD) with graft rate of 33% (PF33) was utilized to compact the CRISPR-Cas13a megaplasmid targeting microRNA-21 (miR-21) (pCas13a-crRNA) via self-assemble to constitute a nanoscale 'core' (PF33/pCas13a-crRNA), which was further wrapped by modified hyaluronan (HA) derivatives (galactopyranoside-PEG2000-HA, GPH) to form CHAIN. Results: The dual-tumor-targeting and tumor-activated CHAIN not only manifested long-term circulation, but augmented tumor cellular uptake and endo/lysosomal escape, thus achieving efficient transfection of CRISPR-Cas13a megaplasmid (~ 13 kb) in tumor cells with minimal toxity. Efficient knockdown of miR-21 by CHAIN restored programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) and reversion‐inducing‐cysteine‐rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) and further crippled downstream matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), which undermined cancer proliferation, migration and invasion. Meanwhile, the miR-21-PDCD4-AP-1 positive feedback loop further functioned as an enhanced force for anti-tumor activity. Conclusion: Treatment with CHAIN in hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model achieved significant inhibition of miR-21 expression and rescued multi-pathway, which triggered substantial tumor growth suppression. By efficient CRISPR-Cas13a induced interference of one oncogenic microRNA, the CHAIN platform exerted promising capabilities in cancer treatment.
Radiation Impacts Microbiota Compositions That Activate Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Expression in the Small Intestine

The composition of the gut microbiota represents an early indicator of chronic post-radiation outcomes in elderly bone and gastrointestinal homeostasis. Fecal microbiota analyses revealed that the relative abundances of Bacteroides massiliensis, Muribaculum sp. , or Prevotella denticola were different between conventional microbiota (CM) and anti-inflammatory restricted microbiota (RM). The murine RM was found conditional on mucosa-associated dysbiosis under both, disturbances of interleukin (IL)-17 signaling and exposure to radiation alone. This review discusses the hypothesis that intestinal microbiota induced alterations in DNA repair and expressed transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in the small intestine, thereby impacting bone microstructure and osteoblast dysfunction in silicon ion (1.5 Gy 28Si ions of 850 MeV/u) irradiated mice. Bacterial microbiota compositions influenced therapeutic approaches, correlated with clinical outcomes in radiotherapy and were associated with alterations of the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infections during the last global pandemics. In the absence of TGF-β, functional metagenomics, cytokine profiles, bacterial community analyses in human and murine mucosa cells, and inflammatory markers in rat intestines were analyzed. This research finally showed radiation-induced osteolytic damage to correlated with specific features of intestinal bacterial composition, and these relationships were expatiated together with radiation effects on normal tissue cell proliferation.
Transfer molding processes for nanoscale patterning of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) films

Nanoscale patterned structures composed of biomaterials exhibit great potential for the fabrication of functional biostructures. In this paper, we report cost-effective, rapid, and highly reproducible soft lithographic transfer-molding techniques for creating periodic micro- and nano-scale textures on poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) surface. These artificial textures can increase the overall surface area and change the release dynamics of the therapeutic agents coated on it. Specifically, we use the double replication technique in which the master pattern is first transferred to the PDMS mold and the pattern on PDMS is then transferred to the PLLA films through drop-casting as well as nano-imprinting. The ensuing comparison studies reveal that the drop-cast PLLA allows pattern transfer at higher levels of fidelity, enabling the realization of nano-hole and nano-cone arrays with pitch down to ~700 nm. The nano-patterned PLLA film was then coated with rapamycin to make it drug-eluting.
The "Double-edged Sword" Effect of Service-oriented Leadership on Employee Role Pressure

service-oriented leadership is a key issue in the study of many leadership styles, but previous studies mainly focused on its positive impact on employees, teams and organizations, while ignoring its negative impact to a large extent. In order to solve this problem, this study mainly discusses the influence of service-oriented leadership on role stress, its influence on role stress through two intermediary variables of organizational support and perceived obligation, as well as the regulatory role of leadership trust. This study takes 202 employees as the subjects of the questionnaire, and the results show that there is no significant influence between service-oriented leadership and role stress. The reason is that the negative intermediary effect of organizational support between service-oriented leadership and role stress is offset by the positive intermediary role of perceived obligation between service-oriented leadership and role stress. Leadership trust negatively regulates the relationship between service-oriented leadership and role stress, but does not significantly regulate the relationship between service-oriented leadership and organizational support and perceived obligations. This study expands the research on the negative benefits of service-oriented leadership and enlightens managers on how to reduce the role pressure of employees.
Numerically stable fast recursive least-squares transversal filters

The problem of numerical stability of fast recursive least-squares transversal filter (FTF) algorithms is addressed. The prewindowing case with exponential weighting is considered. A framework for the analysis of the error propagation in these algorithms is developed. Within this framework, it is shown that the computationally most efficient 7N form (dealt with by G. Carayanmis et al. (1983) and by J.M. Cioffi (1984)) is exponentially unstable. By introducing redundancy in this algorithm, feedback of numerical errors becomes possible. This leads to a numerically stable FTF algorithm with complexity 9N. The results are presented for the complex multichannel joint-process filtering problem. <<ETX>>
Clinical Features and Treatment Progress of Invasive Mucormycosis in Patients with Hematological Malignancies

The incidence rate of invasive mucormycosis (IM) in patients with hematological malignancies (HMs) is increasing year by year, ranging from 0.07% to 4.29%, and the mortality rate is mostly higher than 50%. With the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) also became a global health threat. Patients with high risk factors such as active HMs, relapsed/refractory leukemia, prolonged neutropenia may still develop breakthrough mucormycosis (BT-MCR) even under the prophylaxis of Mucorales-active antifungals, and such patients often have higher mortality. Rhizopus spp. is the most common genus associated with IM, followed by Mucor spp. and Lichtheimia spp. Pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is the most common form of IM in patients with HMs, followed by rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) and disseminated mucormycosis. The prognosis of IM patients with neutrophil recovery, localized IM and receiving early combined medical–surgical therapy is usually better. As for management of the disease, risk factors should be eliminated firstly. Liposome amphotericin B (L-AmB) combined with surgery is the initial treatment scheme of IM. Those who are intolerant to L-AmB can choose intravenous formulations or tablets of isavuconazole or posaconazole. Patients who are refractory to monotherapy can turn to combined antifungals therapy.