Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A P2P Network Traffic Classification Method Using SVM

Accurate identification and classification of network traffic according to application type is an important element of many network management tasks. In this paper, a P2P network traffic classification method using SVM classifier is proposed. By this method, the P2P network traffic can been classified according to application types with statistical characteristics of network traffic. This paper mainly introduces the network traffic classification problem on four application types of P2P, namely, BitTorrent, PPLive, Skype, MSN. The classification framework based on the SVM is introduced. The methods to gain the traffic samples and construct classifier are described also. The experimental results show the validity of the proposed methods and the average classification precise rate was high.
On the number of nonseparating vertices in strongly connected in-tournaments

A digraph without loops, multiple arcs and directed cycles of length two is called an in-tournament if the set of in-neighbors of every vertex induces a tournament. A local tournament is an in-tournament such that the set of out-neighbors of every vertex induces a tournament as well. Let p ≥ 2 be an integer and let T be a strongly connected tournament such that every vertex has at least p positive neighbors and at least p negative neighbors. In 2006, Kotani showed that T has at least k vertices x1 ,x 2 ,. ,x k, where k =m in{|V (D)|, 4p − 2}, such that T − xi (i =1 , 2 ,. , k) is strongly connected. One year later, Meierling and Volkmann proved that the same proposition is valid for the class of local tournaments. In this paper we shall generalize the result to the class of in-tournaments, thereby generalizing Kotani’s as well as Meierling’s and Volkmann’s results.
On the Graph Traversal and Linear Binary-Chain Programs

Grahne et al. have presented a graph algorithm for evaluating a subset of recursive queries. This method consists of two phases. In the first phase, the method transforms a linear binary-chain program into a set of equations over expressions containing predicate symbols. In the second phase, a graph is constructed from the equations and the answers are produced by traversing the relevant paths. In this paper, we describe a new algorithm which requires less time than Grahne's. The key idea of the improvement is to reduce the search space that will be traversed when a query is invoked. Furthermore, we speed up the evaluation of cyclic data by generating most answers directly in terms of the answers already found and the associated "path information" instead of traversing the corresponding paths as usual. In this way, our algorithm achieves a linear time complexity for both acyclic and cyclic data.
[O iii] emission line in narrow‐line Seyfert 1 galaxies

Three sets of two-component profiles are used to simultaneously model the [O iii]λλ4959, 5007 and Hβ lines for the Fe ii-subtracted spectra of 149 narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Using the linewidth of the narrow/core component of [O iii]λ5007 to trace the stellar velocity dispersion instead of using the total linewidth of [O iii]λ5007, we found that the SDSS NLS1s are still deviated from the Mbh−σ relation found in the nearby inactive galaxies. This suggests that the linewidth of the [O iii] narrow/core component is likely not a good tracer of bulge velocity dispersion in NLS1s, since some other studies indicate that NLS1s, like other active galactic nuclei (AGN), should follow the Mbh−σ relation. If we assume that the [O iii]5007/Hβn line ratio emitted in the narrow-line region (NLR) ranges from one to 10, 63 objects are found to be satisfied with this criterion, and their Hβ broad components should be used to calculate their virial black hole masses. These 63 objects are statically consistent with the Mbh−σ[O III] relation. With the Chandra observation of some SDSS NLS1s, we find that one of these 63 objects (J143030.22-001115.1) cannot be classified as a genuine NLS1. Its narrow component of Hβ is coming from NLRs. This is consistent with its very flat hard X-ray spectrum found by researchers.
Towards to the validation of a usability evaluation method for model-driven web development

The challenge of developing more usable Web applications has promoted the emergence of several usability evaluation methods. However, there is a lack of empirically validated methods that can properly be integrated during the early stages of Web development processes. This has motivated us to propose a Web Usability Evaluation Method (WUEP) which can be integrated into model-driven Web development processes. This paper presents the first steps in the empirical validation of WUEP through a controlled experiment. This experiment was designed in order to evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency, perceived ease of use, and satisfaction with WUEP in comparison to a widely-used inspection method: Heuristic evaluation (HE). Results show that WUEP is more effective and efficient than HE in the detection of usability problems in artifacts obtained from a model-driven Web development process. The evaluators were also satisfied when applying WUEP, and found it easier to use than HE.
Speeding up SAT-Based ATPG Using Dynamic Clause Activation

SAT-based ATPG turned out to be a robust alternative to classical structural ATPG algorithms such as FAN. The number of unclassified faults can be significantly reduced using a SAT-based ATPG approach. In contrast to structural ATPG, SAT solvers work on a Boolean formula in Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF). This results in some disadvantages for SAT solvers when applied to ATPG, e.g. CNF transformation time and loss of structural knowledge. As a result, SAT-based ATPG algorithms are very robust for hard-to-test faults, but suffer from the overhead for easy-to-test faults. We propose the SAT technique Dynamic Clause Activation (DCA) in order to reduce the run time gap between structural and SAT-based ATPG algorithms and, at the same time, retain the high level of robustness. Using DCA, the SAT solver works on a partial formula of a logic circuit which is dynamically extended during the search process using structural knowledge. Furthermore, efficient dynamic learning techniques can be easily integrated within the proposed technique. The approach is evaluated on large industrial circuits.
Transnational Norm-building in Global Health: the Important Role of Non-state Actors in Post-westphalian Politics

Outline Introduction 1. Norms and the norm-building cycle 2. Economic, social and cultural human rights and the right to health 3. Transformation from a Westphalian international system to a post-Westphalian global system 4. The case of health: From " health for all " to " access to medicines " 5. Conclusion interests are in the fields of globalization, sustainability and development and global governance with a focus of health. Lars Kohlmorgen is senior research fellow and lecturer at the Institute of Political Sciences, University of Hamburg and associated research fellow at the GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies. His main research interests are in the fields of International Relations, globalization, global governance, global social policy, civil society and politics of intellectual property rights.
Human megakaryocytes. II. Expression of platelet proteins in early marrow megakaryocytes

Analysis of various platelet proteins by immunofluorescence demonstrated that platelet glycoproteins Ib, IIb, and IIIa, as well as plasma factor VIII antigen (factor VIII:AGN), platelet factor 4, and fibronectin are present in the vast majority of morphologically recognizable megakaryocytes. In addition, a small number of lymphoid- like mononuclear marrow cells, representing approximately 1.4-- 2.9/10(4) marrow cells, was found to express the same platelet proteins. This population of early marrow megakaryocytes is analogous to small acetylcholinesterase-positive rat and mouse marrow cells. Fc receptors for IgG were expressed in all megakaryocytes and megakaryocyte precursors, whereas the Ia antigen was detected only on a proportion of mature megakaryocytes and not on only early or precursor megakaryocytes. Platelet glycoproteins Ib, IIb, and IIIa, as well as factor VIII:AGN, and platelet factor 4 were established as distinct markers for marrow megakaryocytes and may be helpful for identifying megakaryocytic cells as well as for monitoring events of megakaryocyte differentiation.
Analysis of CNTFET physical compact model

On the basis of acquired knowledge, the paper present a DC compact model designed for the conventional CNTFET (C-CNTFET) featuring a doping profile similar to n-MOSFET. The specific enhancement lies on the implementation of a physical based calculation of the minima of energy conduction subbands. This improvement allows a realistic analysis of the impact of CNT helicity and radius on the DC characteristics. The purpose is to enable the circuit designers to challenge CNTFET potentialities for performing logical or analogical functionalities within complex circuits
Mining the Detector Responses of a Conducting Polymer Composite-Based Electronic Nose

Arrays of polymer films embedded with conductive or resistive material have attracted significant attention as “electronic noses”. Sorption of a vapor into the polymer films causes physical swelling, which leads to a change in the DC electrical resistance of the film. Like the receptors of the mammalian olfactory system, each polymer-based detector responds to more than one analyte and each analyte elicits a response from more than one detector. The DC resistance across the array of detectors is sampled versus time producing a multivariate time-series. Except when rapid response is critical, this multivariate time-series can be converted into a vector representation by focusing on the steady-state behavior and calculating the relative change in resistance in each channel relative to an initial baseline. In this paper, we provide an overview of our efforts to mine useful information from electronic nose data. Four case studies are presented: rapid detection of DNT (dinitrotoluene) vapors at very low concentrations (< 1 part-per-billion), pairwise discrimination between chemically similar analytes (e.g., H2O and D2O; heptane and hexane), prediction of human percepts of odor quality from electronic nose detector responses, and classification of vapors into the appropriate chemical family (e.g., saying methanol is an alcohol without having previously smelled methanol). keywords: electronic nose, scientific datasets, case study/application, pattern recognition, classification, statistical methods ∗1. JPL, M/S 126-347, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, burl@aig.jpl. nasa.gov †2. WUSTL, Campus Box 1134, St. Louis, MO 63130, vaid@wuchem.wustl. edu ‡3. Caltech, M/S 127-72, Pasadena, CA 91125, nslewis@its.caltech. edu 1 Copyright © by SIAM. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited burlm re 2001/2/17 page 2 ✐ ✐
Time‐dependent orbifolds and string cosmology

In these lectures, we review the physics of time-dependent orbifolds of string theory, with particular attention to orbifolds of three-dimensional Minkowski space. We discuss the propagation of free particles in the orbifold geometries, together with their interactions. We address the issue of stability of these string vacua and the difficulties in defining a consistent perturbation theory, pointing to possible solutions. In particular, it is shown that resumming part of the perturbative expansion gives finite amplitudes. Finally we discuss the duality of some orbifold models with the physics of orientifold planes, and we describe cosmological models based on the dynamics of these orientifolds.
An application of multi-modal human-computer interaction — the chess player turk 2

The different techniques based on multi-modal human-computer communication introduce new directions in the usage of the information systems. This paper presents a system which is able to play chess but also fulfills the requirements of multi-modal systems. The system uses a camcoder for following the chess game and for the communication with the player uses audio and video devices.
Bioassays Based on Molecular Nanomechanics

Recent experiments have shown that when specific biomolecular interactions are confined to one surface of a microcantilever beam, changes in intermolecular nanomechanical forces provide sufficient differential torque to bend the cantilever beam. This has been used to detect single base pair mismatches during DNA hybridization, as well as prostate specific antigen (PSA) at concentrations and conditions that are clinically relevant for prostate cancer diagnosis. Since cantilever motion originates from free energy change induced by specific biomolecular binding, this technique is now offering a common platform for label-free quantitative analysis of protein-protein binding, DNA hybridization DNA-protein interactions, and in general receptor-ligand interactions. Current work is focused on developing “universal microarrays” of microcantilever beams for high-throughput multiplexed bioassays.
Is it possible to derive ought from is

This paper’s main goal is to discuss what has been known as ‘Hume’s Law’ in contrast to some attempts to derive ‘ought’ from ‘is’. Hume’s Law holds that it is not possible to infer any practical (normative) conclusions from purely theoretical (factive) premises. According to the standard interpretation of Hume’s Law, there is an inferential barrier separating fact from value. Despite this, philosophers like John Searle and Max Black present counter arguments aiming to show that in some contexts it is possible to achieve practical conclusions from theoretical premises. I aim to show that the main arguments used by Searle and Black are not enough to invalidate Hume’s Law. In spite of this I suggest that, although practical conclusions can not be derived from factual premises, they can be derived from mixed
Scalable Procedure Restructuring for Ambitious Optimization Phd Thesis Proposal

Compiler optimization of computer programs is necessary to exploit the features of the target architecture while masking the details of the architecture from the programmer. The continuing trends toward instruction-level parallel computers and larger programs mean that scalable optimization techniques which increase available parallelism simultaneously with controlling compilation time and memory usage are required. Well-known solutions include using procedure inlining and cloning to increase the instructionlevel parallelism and speci city of analysis in a program, and a region-based compilation framework to improve code quality while bounding some optimization costs. However, these techniques are inherently unscalable because all can lead to excessive compile time memory usage and code growth. My hypothesis is that procedure boundaries and calling relationships can be restructured to improve optimization opportunities in a scalable way. In particular, I propose to investigate compilation methodologies based on region-based compilation and procedure cloning that attempt to advance the state-of-the-art by controlling the time and space costs of optimization while increasing the program's parallelism made available to the compiler. The proposed research includes development of a scalable, interprocedural region formation algorithm that utilizes a demand-driven approach to partial inlining, experimental studies of the e ects of this technique on scalability and optimization under a number of heuristics, exploration of inter-region interactions as compared with traditional interprocedural interactions, and a method for path-spectra-based procedure cloning.
Nonhuman primate models of asthma

Asthma is a complex human disease that does not have an accurate counterpart in any common model organism. Most of our understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying asthma comes from studies in man and mouse. However, there are fundamental differences between the spontaneous disease in man and the experimentally induced counterparts in mice. We advocate more extensive use of nonhuman primate asthma models to reconcile these differences between man and mouse.
Progression of mild cognitive impairment to dementia: a challenge to current thinking.

BACKGROUND Studies of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia suggest a linear progression over time. Conversion rates during lifetime may extend to 80-90%. AIMS This study examines the time-dependent evolution from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Current assumptions regarding yearly and lifetime conversion rates are challenged. METHOD A community sample of 1045 dementia-free individuals aged 75 years and over was examined by neuropsychological testing based on 6 years of observation. RESULTS Approximately 60-65% of people with mild cognitive impairment develop clinical dementia during their life. Progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia appears to be time dependent, occurring primarily within the initial 18 months. CONCLUSIONS Further long-term studies are needed to examine the time-dependent evolution from mild cognitive impairment to dementia and to establish age-specific conversion rates during lifetime.
Evaluation of Discoloration Removal by Polishing Resin Composites Submitted to Staining in Different Drink Solutions

The aim of this study was to evaluate the discoloration effects of water, cola-based soft drink, coffee, and wine on resin composites used in restorative dentistry and the possibility of removing the stain with chair side manual polishing. The A2 shade of three materials was tested. Disc specimens were prepared. A spectrophotometer was used to measure the baseline CIE-Lab color parameters of each material (n=10) 24 hours after sample preparation. Samples were then immersed in a cola-based soft drink, coffee, or wine for 1 hour every day, for 30 days. For the remaining hours, the specimens were stored in distilled water. In the control group, the specimens were immersed in water for the whole period. The color differences (ΔE) were calculated after 7 and 30 days of storage, and after polishing with coarse Sof-Lex discs, and analyzed by two-way ANOVA with repeated measures and Tukey's HSD test (α=0.05). Luna presented higher ΔE values (3.41)a followed by Durafill (2.82)b and Herculite (2.24)c. For the drink solutions, ΔE values were higher for wine (4.40)a followed by coffee (2.59)b and for cola-based soft drink (2.23)c and water (2.13)c which were statistically similar. For time, ΔE values were higher for 30 days (3.97)a and then for 7 days (2.48)b and after polishing (2.04)c. The results indicate that color stability is material dependent. The types of drinks that patients consume also influence the color stability of restorative materials.
Utilisation de la Réalité Virtuelle en neuropsychologie clinique

Dans cet article, les principales applications des techniques de Realite Virtuelle en clinique neuropsychologique sont examinees. Il s'agit, d'une part, de l'aide a l'evaluation des troubles cognitifs et comportementaux secondaires aux lesions du systeme nerveux central et, d'autre part, des perspectives ouvertes dans le champ de la prise en charge reeducative de ces deficits. Ces donnees cliniques et experimentales permettent de discuter l'interet et les limites de l'utilisation de ces techniques.
A new modified prime codes for higher user capacity in smart synchronous OCDMA network

In this paper, a new technique of transmission, reception of optical codes and a smart computational and decision based bit detection technique has been proposed in Synchronous Optical Code Division Multiple Access network. Here, Modified Prime Codes is used and simple On-Off keying modulation is considered. A simple simulation is run in OptiSystem 9.0 to prove practical applicability of the proposed system. This proposed system can accommodate up to almost maximum users available if the hardware can adjust to it.
Elaborating time in space: the structure and function of space–motion metaphors of time

abstract This paper studies the principles according to which spatial and motion concepts metaphorically structure temporal concepts in some languages. There are two types of space–motion metaphor of time, distinguished by whether or not the metaphor is structured by a person’s perspective. “Christmas is approaching” and “We are approaching Christmas” are perspectival. “New Year’s follows Christmas” is not. This contrast in deixis and frame of reference is linguistically relevant whether the contrast has to do with imagination or external reality. Study of experiential motivations and analysis into primary metaphors helps reveal the particular ways spatial and motion concepts function in each type of metaphor. One focus is accounting for the contrasting temporal meanings that words for in-front and behind can have. For example, “Ahead of us” is later than Now, while “ahead of Christmas” is earlier than Christmas. We find that the temporal ‘directions’ expressed in the contrasting frames of reference are not opposites. Rather, they are motivated by different kinds of temporal experience. This project investigates the fundamental spatial relations that structure temporal concepts; for example co-location vs. separation. But since motion involves time, purely spatial structure is limited. Conceptual blending analysis reveals that the source and target frames of the perspectival metaphors share an aspectual – i.e., temporal – generic structure. Thus a dichotomy between ‘space’ and ‘time’ is of limited utility in describing space–motion metaphors of time. Instead, the analysis has to deal with the specific spatial and temporal concepts that function in each metaphor.
Two-Phase SRM With Flux-Reversal-Free Stator: Concept, Analysis, Design, and Experimental Verification

The demand for high-efficiency electric motor drives at low cost is increasing, particularly, in high-volume applications, such as household appliances. Single- and two-phase machines are viable under such constraints. Between them, two-phase switched reluctance motor drives are preferred from the viewpoint of performance. This paper presents a novel two-phase switched reluctance machine (TPSRM) that is conceived for high-efficiency operation and full-load starting performance for any initial rotor position. The principle of operation of the proposed TPSRM and its unique features such as the flux-reversal-free stator for reducing core losses, the utilization of only two thirds of the stator core for each phase operation, and the resulting low noise are presented. The machine is analyzed with the 2-D finite-element analysis method. Self-starting in the proposed machine is developed with rotor pole shaping, and a unique technique to provide the desired torque characteristics is described. The effect of varying pole arcs, the number of turns per pole, asymmetric pole placement, and rotor pole shaping on torque and phase inductance is evaluated to find the best machine dimensions for a required performance as well as to understand qualitatively the influence of each variable on the machine performance. Experimental results from a 2.2-hp laboratory prototype correlate the performance predictions and validate the claims for this novel TPSRM.