Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A radiance model for predicting radio wave propagation in irregular dense urban areas

We present a deterministic model of radio wave propagation based on radiance transfers. Our model uses radiosity techniques to determine facet-to-facet specular reflections according to a three-dimensional building description. The model contains two main components. First, visibility between elements is determined and used to establish links that represent radiance transfers that include diffraction and free space losses based on geometric approximations. Second, links are used to define a transfer equation whose solution provides the transfer interreflection. The solution is obtained by using hierarchical techniques. The results of the model show good agreement with measurements made in urban areas.
Mobile robot exploration with potential information fields

We present a mobile robot exploration strategy that computes trajectories that minimize both path and map entropies. The method evaluates joint entropy reduction and computes a potential field in robot configuration space using these joint entropy reduction estimates. The exploration trajectory is computed descending on the gradient of these field. The technique uses Pose SLAM as its estimation backbone. Very efficient kernel convolution mechanisms are used to evaluate entropy reduction for each sensor ray, and for each possible robot orientation, taking frontiers and obstacles into account. In the end, the computation of this field on the entire C-space is shown to be very efficient computationally. The approach is tested in simulations in a common publicly available dataset comparing favorably both in quality of estimates and execution time against another entropy reduction strategy that uses occupancy maps.
Chinese text categorization using the character N-gram

We previously proposed the accumulation method, which is a language-independent text classification method that is based on the character N-gram, and classified English, Japanese, and Korean text documents. The accumulation method does not depend on the language structure, because this method uses the character N-gram to form index terms. If text documents are expressed in Unicode, then the accumulation method can classify documents using the same algorithm. In the present paper, we classify Chinese text documents, which are newspaper articles from the People's Daily 2009-2010 data set. The highest macro-averaged F-measure of the proposed method was 92.6% for the People's Daily 2009-2010 data set. Thus, we obtain good results for the Chinese language. Moreover, we can construct a framework whereby the computer can automatically distinguish the difficulty of each document classification.
Efficient top-down induction of logic programs

FOIL is a system for inducing function-free Horn clause definitions of relations from example and extensionally defined background relations. It demonstrates the successful application of a general to specific approach to clause induction using heuristically guided search. This paper describes the current version of FOIL, assesses its performance and notes areas for improvement. The successful application of similar methods in other systems is reviewed to demonstrate their general utility.
An Efficient implementation of PKI architecture based Digital Signature using RSA and various hash functions (MD5 and SHA variants)

 Abstract: Digital Signature technique is widely being used to detect unauthorized modification to data and to authenticate the identity of the signatory. It is essential for secure transaction over unsecure/ open networks. Digital Signature schemes are mostly used in cryptographic protocols to provide services like entity authentication, authenticated key transport and key agreement. The PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) based digital signature architecture is related with RSA algorithm and secure Hash functions (MD5 &, SHA variants). RSA digital signature algorithm is an asymmetric cryptographic method whose security is associated with difficulty of factorization and hash function is applied to the message to yields a fixed-size message digest. This paper explores the PKI architecture based digital signature and presents an efficient way of its implementation and discusses various issues associated with signature schemes based upon RSA and hash functions. The results show that signing and verification are much faster in the developed application.
Efforts on Machine Learning over Human-mediated Translation Edit Rate

In this paper we describe experiments on predicting HTER, as part of our submission in the Shared Task on Quality Estimation, in the frame of the 9th Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation. In our experiment we check whether it is possible to achieve better HTER prediction by training four individual regression models for each one of the edit types (deletions, insertions, substitutions, shifts), however no improvements were yielded. We also had no improvements when investigating the possibility of adding more data from other non-minimally post-edited and freely translated datasets. Best HTER prediction was achieved by adding deduplicated WMT13 data and additional features such as (a) rule-based language corrections (language tool) (b) PCFG parsing statistics and count of tree labels (c) position statistics of parsing labels (d) position statistics of tri-grams with low probability.
TINDAK TUTUR BAHASA INGGRIS DALAM PENERAPAN TEKNIK ROLE PLAY PADA MAHASISWA JURUSAN KANTOR DEPAN PPLP MAPINDO

This research focuses on learning to speak by using role-play technique which was applied to students major in front office department of PPLP MAPINDO. The subject that was examined in this study is the use of speech acts used by students majoring in the front office department of PPLP MAPINDO in the application of role play technique during the learning process. Based on analysis it was found that the students used some forms of speech they are; locutionary act, illocutionary act, perlocutionary act, directly literal speech act, indirect literal speech act, directly speech acts not literal, maxim of quantity, maxim quality, maxim of relation, maxims of manner, maxims of wisdom, maxim of generosity, maxim of appreciation, maxim of simplicity, maxim of agreement and maxim of sympathy.
An effective algorithm for simultaneously mining frequent patterns and association rules

Within the area of association rules mining, previous algorithms, e.g., FP-Growth and Apriori, have been generally accepted with high appraisals respectively. Most of these algorithms decompose the problem of mining association rules into two subproblems: find frequent pattern and generate the desired rules. Therefore, such a decomposition strategy cannot but bring delay problem when the size of database is considerable and makes user unbearable in a system where the required feedback time is rigor. To solve the problem, we catch a deep insight of FP-Growth algorithm and propose an effective algorithm by utilizing the FP-tree, called AR-Growth (Association Rule Growth), which can simultaneously discover frequent itemsets and association rules (AR) in a large database. It is analyzed in theory that our algorithm is correct and association rules generated by the algorithm are complete. The experiments show that the output of the AR sequence generated by AR-Growth is closely linear with the elapsed runtime, instead of the sudden eruption in FP-Growth.
The degree of CO depletion in pre-stellar cores ?

We present new results on CO depletion in a sample of nearby pre-stellar cores, based on observations of the millimeter C 17 O and C 18 O lines and the 1.3 mm dust emission with the IRAM 30 m telescope. In most cases, the distribution of CO is much flatter than that of the dust, whereas other tracers, like $\rm N_2H^{+}$, still probe the latter. In the centre of these objects, we estimate CO to be underabundant by a factor 4–15 depending on the cores. The CO underabundance is more pronounced in the central regions and appears to decrease with increasing distance from the core centre. This underabundance is most likely due to the freezing out of CO onto the dust grains in the cold, dense parts of the cores. We find evidence for an increase of the CO depletion degree with the core density.
Risk-Based Power System Security Analysis Considering Cascading Outages

Successful development of smart grid demands strengthened system security and reliability, which requires effective security analysis in conducting system operation and expansion planning. Classical N - 1 criterion has been widely used to examine every creditable contingency through detailed computations in the past. The adequacy of such approach becomes doubtful in many recent blackouts where cascading outages are usually involved. This may be attributed to the increased complexities and nonlinearities involved in operating conditions and network structures in context of smart grid development. To address security threats, particularly from cascading outages, a new and efficient security analysis approach is proposed, which comprises cascading failure simulation module (CFSM) for post-contingency analysis and risk evaluation module (REM) based on a decorrelated neural network ensembles (DNNE) algorithm. This approach overcomes the drawbacks of high computational cost in classical N-k-induced cascading contingency analysis. Case studies on two different IEEE test systems and a practical transmission system-Polish 2383-bus system have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for risk evaluation of cascading contingency.
Promoting clean technologies under imperfect competition

We develop a general equilibrium multi-sector vintage capital model with energy-saving technological progress and an explicit energy market to study the impact of investment subsidies on investment and output. Energy and capital are assumed to be complementary in the production process. New machines are less energy consuming and scrapping is endogenous. The intermediate inputs sector is modelled a la Dixit-Stiglitz (1977). Two polar market structures are considered for the energy market, free entry and natural monopoly. The impact of imperfect competition on the outcomes of the decentralized equilibria are deeply characterized. We identify an original paradox: adoption subsidies may induce a larger investment into cleaner technologies either under free entry or natural monopoly. However, larger diﬀusion rates do not necessarily mean lower energy consumption at equilibrium, which may explain certain empirical puzzles.
Mutual information and capacity of spatial modulation systems

1 Abstract The following report deals with analyzing the mutual information and system capacity of a spatial modulation (SM) transmission system. The potential gains of multiple antenna transmissions over single-antenna systems are rather large under independence assumptions for the fades and noises at different receiving antennas. SM is a new approach of multiple antenna transmission that was developed recently. The idea behind this system is to map the block of information bits to two information units: a unique transmit antenna number chosen from o set of transmit antennas and a symbol chosen from a constellation diagram. The first step done in order to analyze the mutual information and the capacity of SM, was to find the bit-error probability (BER) of the system. Using the bit-error probability and Shannon's communication theory, the capacity of SM system was obtained both analytically and in simulations.
Thymol, a monoterpene, inhibits aldose reductase and high-glucose-induced cataract on isolated goat lens

Background: Overactivation of aldose reductase (AR) enzyme has been implicated in the development of various diabetic complications. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of thymol was investigated on AR enzyme and its anti-cataract activity was also examined on isolated goat lens. Materials and Methods: Various concentrations of thymol were incubated with AR enzyme prepared from isolated goat lens. Molecular docking studies were carried out using Schrodinger software to verify the binding of thymol with AR as well as to understand their binding pattern. Further, thymol was evaluated for its anti-cataract activity in high-glucose-induced cataract in isolated goat lens in vitro. Quercetin was maintained as standard (positive control) throughout the study. Results: Thymol showed potent inhibitory activity against goat lens AR enzyme with an IC50value of 0.65 μg/ml. Docking studies revealed that thymol binds with AR in similar binding pattern as that of quercetin. The high–glucose-induced cataract in isolated goat lens was also improved by thymol treatment. Thymol was also able to significantly (P < 0.001) reduce the oxidative stress associated with cataract. Conclusion: The results suggest that thymol may be a potential therapeutic approach in the prevention of diabetic complications through its AR inhibitory and antioxidant activities.
Exploring socio-demographics, mobility, and living arrangement as risk factors for academic performance among children experiencing homelessness

ABSTRACT Homeless children usually experience high mobility. Yet, it is not clear if the degree of mobility among homeless children is associated with their academic performance. Furthermore, an emerging body of literature is beginning to examine the impact of specific living arrangements (e.g., living with families or friends) on homeless family and child outcomes. This research aimed to examine the effects of demographic risk factors, as well as mobility and type of living arrangement, on the academic performance of homeless children receiving educational support through the McKinney-Vento Act. Although neither mobility or living arrangement were associated with standardized test achievement, minority status, gender, special learning needs, and absenteeism still presented as risk factors for academic achievement in this sample of children experiencing homelessness. Recommendations for teacher practices and classroom instructions are presented.
Tracking multiple pedestrians through detection failures in videos

This paper presents a method that integrates an effective data association with tracking persistency constraint into motion models to track pedestrians in video sequences captured by a fixed camera. Pedestrians are detected at each frame using the HOG+B/F human detector which combines HOG human detector and background subtraction technique. We impose the tracking persistency constraint into data association to avoid incorrect data association due to detection errors of the pedestrian detector. Our experimental results show that our tracking method outperforms one that uses data association without tracking persistency constraint and can handle partial occlusion.
The Awakening of Guatemalan Society: explaining the appearance of the social movement of 2015

The aim of the research is to analyze the relationship between institutional political actors and the emergence of the recent social movement in Guatemala that demanded the resignation of the presidential binomial. The existing literature has focused primarily on understanding the emergence of social movements in Europe and the US. These studies cannot explain the emergence of social movements in other countries with different levels of development; they may even overestimate the importance of resources (Theory of Resource Mobilization) for the process of mobilization. This explains the lack of research on social movements in Latin America, especially in Central America. This work aims to fill the academic vacuum by using the Theory of Political Process which remains within the mainstream approach. The aim is to use a mixed method, using a Snowball Sampling to conduct deep-in interviews, and social media monitoring to understand how the investigation conducted by the Commission against Impunity in Guatemala (CICIG) became the trigger that generate a favorable environment for the emergence of the social movement composed of grassroots activists. Another goal is to expand the scope of research by adding the role that social media, Facebook and Twitter, had in the mobilization process of the social movement, reducing the cost of organization and generate a unifying framing among its participants.
Flow Control Schemes for a Fault-Tolerant Multicast Protocol

Fault-tolerant multicast protocols require that transmitted/received messages be kept locally for possible retransmission until certain stability conditions are known to have been satisfied at all the members of the group. In an asynchronous distributed system, with potentially unbounded transmission and message processing delays, the number of such ''unstable'' messages at processes may grow indefinitely, leading to the possibility of buffer overflows; hence the need for an effective flow control mechanism. This paper addresses the problem of flow control in an asynchronous, symmetric, total order group communication protocol. Two algorithms that guarantee that the number of unstable messages does not exceed the stated bound are developed. They are shown to be safe (no buffer overflows) as well as lively (a sender will be eventually permitted to send). Proofs of correctness and experimental results are presented.
Critical resource dependencies and the Europeanization of domestic interest groups

Abstract Although EU institutions and policies create additional opportunities for national interest groups to influence policy-making, not all domestic groups make use of the extended niche provided by the EU. Lagging Europeanization has often been explained by resource-based accounts; for instance, the group's staff resources or financial strength determines the ability to Europeanize. This article explores an alternative explanation and analyses the importance of ties that bind national interest groups to their constituencies, their critical resource dependencies and their immediate environment. Our main conclusion is that Europeanization is not just shaped by properties of the EU system, but also by the interest group's embeddedness in its immediate environment.
The effect of moderately and severely restricted dietary magnesium intakes on bone composition and bone metabolism in the rat

Forty 3-week-old male rats, Wistar strain, average weight 59 g, were randomized by weight into five groups of eight rats each. Three groups were fed ad libitum on a semi-purified diet containing (per kg) 400 (adequate), 200 (moderately Mg-restricted) or 20 (severely Mg-restricted) mg Mg for 3 weeks while two groups were pair-fed with the Mg-adequate diet in the same quantities as those consumed by the two Mg-restricted groups respectively. While weight gains and food conversion efficiency values for the Mg-restricted groups were similar to those of the corresponding pair-fed control groups, serum and kidney Mg, and femoral dry weight were reduced by 70, 7 and 9 % respectively in the severely Mg-restricted group and were unaffected in the moderately Mg-restricted group. Significant reductions were observed in urinary pyridinoline (Pyr) (by 44 and 34 %) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) levels (by 40 and 33 %) (markers of bone resorption), serum osteocalcin levels (by 46 and 28 %) (marker of bone formation), femoral Mg levels (by 52 and 14 %) and osteocalcin mRNA levels (by 46 and 22 %) compared with the corresponding pair-fed controls, in the severely and moderately Mg-restricted groups respectively, and these reductions, except for those in urinary Pyr and Dpyr, were more marked in the severely Mg-restricted group. Femoral Ca and P concentrations were unaffected by dietary Mg restriction. These results show that not only severe but also moderate dietary restriction of Mg over 21 d results in qualitative changes in bone (i.e. reduced Mg concentration) as well as in aberrant bone turnover in young growing rats (i.e. severely depressed rates of bone formation and bone resorption), which may impair bone development and bone strength.
Effect of multi-electrode configurations on accuracy of rotor detection in the atria

Multi-electrode catheters are increasingly being used to localize rotors that drive atrial fibrillation. Our objective is to analyze the effects of the multi-electrodes geometrical configuration on the accuracy of localizing rotors using computer simulations. We simulated rotor detection in: 1) a 3D cube of tissue and various multi-electrode array configurations, varying the electrodes-to-tissue distance (d=0.9 to 19.8 mm) and the inter-electrode distance (die=0.9 to 18 mm), and 2) a 3D realistic atrial model and an intra-cardiac basket catheter in two locations inside the right atrium (RA). Rotors were detected by localizing phase singularity points (PSs) on phase maps based on the Hilbert transform. Our simulations showed that for the 3D block, the best PS trajectory detection (sensitivity ∼85%) was obtained at d=die=0.9 mm. Increasing d decreased the sensitivity. However, for the highest die it increased from 30% to 53% by increasing d. For the rotor simulated in the RA, the basket achieved 90% accuracy in detection of the rotor in a position where the averaged distance between the electrodes and the rotor was 0.96 cm. The accuracy decreased to 35% when the distance increased to 3.05 cm. Moreover, false rotors appeared on the basket's phase maps due to the far field sources and the EGMs interpolation.
Between a rock and a hard place: stigma and the desire to have children among people living with HIV in northern Uganda

HIV‐related stigma, among other factors, has been shown to have an impact on the desire to have children among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Our objective was to explore the experiences of HIV‐related stigma among PLHIV in post‐conflict northern Uganda, a region of high HIV prevalence, high infant and child mortality and low contraception use, and to describe how stigma affected the desires of PLHIV to have children in the future.
IMTAR: Incremental Mining of General Temporal Association Rules

Nowadays due to the rapid advances in the field of information systems, transactional databases are being updated regularly and/or periodically. The knowledge discovered from these databases has to be maintained, and an incremental updating technique needs to be developed for maintaining the discovered association rules from these databases. The concept of Temporal Association Rules has been introduced to solve the problem of handling time series by including time expressions into association rules. In this paper we introduce a novel algorithm for Incremental Mining of General Temporal Association Rules (IMTAR) using an extended TFP-tree. The main benefits introduced by our algorithm are that it offers significant advantages in terms of storage and running time and it can handle the problem of mining general temporal association rules in incremental databases by building TFP-trees incrementally. It can be utilized and applied to real life application domains. We demonstrate our algorithm and its advantages in this paper.
SECURE WAVEFORMS FOR SISO CHANNELS

We develop a novel waveform design approach to minimize the likelihood that a message transmitted wirelessly between trusted single-antenna nodes is intercepted by an eavesdropper. In particular, first, with knowledge of the eavesdropper’s channel state information (CSI) we find the optimal waveform and transmit energy that minimize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the output of the eavesdropper’s maximum-SINR linear filter, while at the same time provide the intended receiver with a required pre-specified SINR at the output of its own max-SINR filter. Next, if prior knowledge of the eavesdropper’s CSI is unavailable, we design a waveform that maximizes the amount of energy available for generating disturbance to eavesdroppers, termed artificial noise (AN), while the SINR of the intended receiver is maintained at the pre-specified level. Simulation studies demonstrate our analytical developments and illustrate the benefits of the designed waveforms on securing single-input single-output (SISO) transmissions.