Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regular Aspirin-Use Preceding the Onset of Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage is an Independent Predictor for Death

Background and Purpose— Hematoma volume and impaired level of consciousness are the most potent predictors of outcome after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The effect of preceding aspirin-use on outcome after ICH is poorly investigated. We investigated short-term mortality and hematoma enlargement in subjects with ICH to find the predictors for these outcomes. Methods— This population-based study included all subjects with ICH during a period of 33 months in the population of Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland. The subjects were identified, and their clinical characteristics and outcomes were checked from hospital records or death records. Results— Three-month mortality of the 208 identified subjects with ICH was 33%. The independent risk factors for death were regular aspirin-use at the onset of ICH (relative risks [RR], 2.5; 95% CI, 1.3 to 4.6; P=0.004), warfarin-use at the onset of ICH (RR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.6 to 6.1; P=0.001), and ICH score higher than 2 on admission (RR, 13.8; 95% CI, 6.0 to 31.4; P<0.001). Regular aspirin-use preceding the onset of ICH associated significantly with hematoma enlargement during the first week after ICH (P=0.006). Conclusions— We observed poor short-term outcomes and increased mortality, probably attributable to rapid enlargement of hematomas, in the subjects with ICH who had been taking regularly moderate doses of aspirin (median 250 mg) immediately before the onset of the stroke.
Molecular Characterization of the Escherichia coli Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Strain 83972: the Taming of a Pathogen

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli 83972 is a clinical asymptomatia bacteriuric isolate that is able to colonize the human urinary bladder without inducing an immune response. Here we demonstrate that one of the mechanisms by which this strain has become attenuated is through the mutation of its genes encoding type 1 and P fimbriae.
Risk Factors in the Development of Postnatal Anxiety Symptomatology

ABSTRACT Objectives: Research into postpartum psychopathology has focused largely on depression and only more recently has it been recognised that postnatal anxiety requires its own systematic research. As yet, only a limited number of studies have investigated interpersonal risk factors in relation to postnatal anxiety. This study aimed to further investigate the role of these factors by using a prospective design and standardised measures. Attachment theory is presented as a theoretical framework. It has been debated whether anxiety symptoms in the postpartum should be understood as a feature of postnatal depression, or as a separate clinical entity. This study used the DASS-21, a measure with good discriminant validity, to enable comparison of the risk factors in relation to depression and anxiety symptomatology. Design: Using a prospective design, 81 women were assessed in the third trimester of pregnancy and at approximately 12 weeks postpartum. At Time 1 participants completed measures of social support, relationship satisfaction, adult attachment anxiety, and experiences of parents in childhood. At Time 2 postnatal anxiety and depression symptomatology was assessed. Results: Significant associations were found between postnatal anxiety symptomatology and the majority of the interpersonal variables. In regression analyses these explained 12% of the variance in postnatal anxiety symptomatology. A similar pattern of associations was found for postnatal depression symptomatology, but only 6% of the variance in scores was explained. iii Conclusions: Despite limitations, this study provides preliminary evidence of the contribution of interpersonal risk factors to the development of postnatal anxiety symptomatology, and support for the attachment theory perspective. This indicates the potential importance of interventions that focus on interpersonal relationships. A low rate of comorbidity with depression symptomatology, and differences in the regression models, appear to support the view of postnatal anxiety and depression as being distinct but closely related. Further research is needed with more representative samples.
Intuition, evidence-based guidelines and user feedback in multimedia teaching: The Physclips project

Physclips is a suite of online multimedia resources for the learning of physics and represents the most recent outcome of an ongoing collaboration between an intuitively oriented content expert and an educational-multimedia designer. The multimedia project has evolved from an earlier successful project on special relativity and a number of improvements regarding segmentation, user-control, re-usability, content representation and hands-on laboratories have been incorporated. An examination of the research literature reveals that the current design fulfills many of the cognitive design principles recommended for multimedia learning whilst also stretching some of the traditional boundaries regarding the style of animations and their implementation in a broader learning context. Innovative characteristics of the design, including a visually enhanced scrollbar, emanate from a characteristically creative process that involves input from the content expert, multimedia designer, educational researcher and the end-user. Physclips is one example of how intuition and creativity combine with responsiveness to user feedback and an awareness of the research literature to produce an educational website that has received acknowledgement from various elements of the learning and teaching community. In this paper, we report our experience and what we have learned from teacherdeveloper collaboration, cognitive design principles and user-feedback. We do this by tracing the evolution of the multimedia design from its predecessor, Einsteinlight, through to the current volume of Physclips.
PARADIGMA BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING: PERGESERAN ORIENTASI DARI TERAPEUTIK-KLINIS KE PREVENTIFPERKEMBANGAN

Early development of counseling and psychotherapy is influenced by psychodynamic, respectively influences cognitive / behavioristik, and humanistic perspectives into the paradigm system of guidance and counseling. Paradigm shift aimed at the effectiveness of guidance and counseling not provide justification that the earlier theories are not well. Another important thing that must be understood by the counselor are all theories of counseling and psychotherapy have contributed in accordance with the concept and view of man with the attributes of the Problem. Shift towards preventive-seen significant growth for the period in which the learners should be given an equal opportunity to thrive.
Relaxation of backbone bond geometry improves protein energy landscape modeling

A key issue in macromolecular structure modeling is the granularity of the molecular representation. A fine‐grained representation can approximate the actual structure more accurately, but may require many more degrees of freedom than a coarse‐grained representation and hence make conformational search more challenging. We investigate this tradeoff between the accuracy and the size of protein conformational search space for two frequently used representations: one with fixed bond angles and lengths and one that has full flexibility. We performed large‐scale explorations of the energy landscapes of 82 protein domains under each model, and find that the introduction of bond angle flexibility significantly increases the average energy gap between native and non‐native structures. We also find that incorporating bonded geometry flexibility improves low resolution X‐ray crystallographic refinement. These results suggest that backbone bond angle relaxation makes an important contribution to native structure energetics, that current energy functions are sufficiently accurate to capture the energetic gain associated with subtle deformations from chain ideality, and more speculatively, that backbone geometry distortions occur late in protein folding to optimize packing in the native state.
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule is overexpressed in hypopharyngeal carcinoma and suppresses the metastasis and proliferation of the disease when downregulated

The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is overexpressed in the majority of human epithelial carcinomas, and its overexpression is associated with proliferation and neoplastic transformation. However, the precise molecular mechanism involved in EpCAM-related proliferation and metastasis in hypopharyngeal carcinoma is unknown. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of EpCAM in the metastasis and proliferation of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. An immunohistochemical staining assay indicated that EpCAM was overexpressed in primary hypopharyngeal carcinoma tissues, and that this overexpression correlated with the tumor size and lymph node metastasis. In the following treatment of the hypopharyngeal carcinoma FaDu cell line with EpCAM, the downregulation of EpCAM was found to significantly suppress cell metastasis and proliferation, as detected by Transwell, clone formation and MTT assays. Additionally, western blot analysis revealed that EpCAM downregulation increased the expression of the adhesion- and proliferation-related factors, E-cadherin, α-catenin and β-catenin, in the cytoskeleton, as well as β-catenin expression in the nucleus. In conclusion, the present study indicated that EpCAM is a potential oncogene and contributes to the metastasis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. The current study is the first to provide evidence for the potential value of targeting EpCAM in hypopharyngeal carcinoma therapy.
Metabolism and Excretion of Drugs

Both metabolism and excretion can be viewed as processes responsible for elimination of drug (parent and metabolite) from the body. Drug metabolism changes the chemical structure of a drug to produce a drug metabolite, which is frequently but not universally less pharmacologically active. Metabolism also renders the drug compound more water soluble and therefore more easily excreted. Drug metabolism reactions are carried out by enzyme systems that evolved over time to protect the body from exogenous chemicals. The enzyme systems for this purpose for the most part can be grouped into two categories: phase I oxidative or reductive enzymes and phase II conjugative enzymes. Enzymes within these categories exhibit some limited specificity in relation to the substrates acted upon; a given enzyme may interact with only a limited number of drugs. Some nonspecific hydrolytic enzymes, such as esterases and amidases, have not received much research attention. The focus of this discussion therefore is on phase I and phase II reactions and the enzymes that carry out these processes.
ASTM F1717 standard for the preclinical evaluation of posterior spinal fixators: Can we improve it?

Preclinical evaluation of spinal implants is a necessary step to ensure their reliability and safety before implantation. The American Society for Testing and Materials reapproved F1717 standard for the assessment of mechanical properties of posterior spinal fixators, which simulates a vertebrectomy model and recommends mimicking vertebral bodies using polyethylene blocks. This set-up should represent the clinical use, but available data in the literature are few. Anatomical parameters depending on the spinal level were compared to published data or measurements on biplanar stereoradiography on 13 patients. Other mechanical variables, describing implant design were considered, and all parameters were investigated using a numerical parametric finite element model. Stress values were calculated by considering either the combination of the average values for each parameter or their worst-case combination depending on the spinal level. The standard set-up represents quite well the anatomy of an instrumented average thoracolumbar segment. The stress on the pedicular screw is significantly influenced by the lever arm of the applied load, the unsupported screw length, the position of the centre of rotation of the functional spine unit and the pedicular inclination with respect to the sagittal plane. The worst-case combination of parameters demonstrates that devices implanted below T5 could potentially undergo higher stresses than those described in the standard suggestions (maximum increase of 22.2% at L1). We propose to revise F1717 in order to describe the anatomical worst case condition we found at L1 level: this will guarantee higher safety of the implant for a wider population of patients.
3D Object Pose Inference via Kernel Principal Component Analysis with Image Euclidian Distance (IMED)

Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) is a powerful non-linear unsupervised learning technique for high dimensional pattern analysis. KPCA on images, however, usually considers each image pixel as an independent dimension and does not take into account the spatial relationship of nearby pixels. In this paper, we show how the Image Euclidian Distance (IMED), which takes into account local pixel intensities, can efficiently be embedded into KPCA via the Kronecker product and Eigenvector projections, whilst still retaining desirable properties of Euclidian distance (such as kernel positive definitiveness and effective image de-noising). We demonstrate that KPCA with embedded IMED is a more intuitive and accurate technique than standard KPCA through a 3D object pose estimation application.
Synchronizability of Duplex Networks

This brief presents some rules and properties about synchronizability of duplex networks composed of two networks interconnected by two links. For a specific duplex network composed of two star networks, analytical expressions containing the largest and smallest nonzero eigenvalues of the (weighted) Laplacian matrix, the interlink weight, and the network size are given for three different interlayer connection patterns. It is shown that connection patterns have great influence on the ability of the duplex system to synchronize, and connecting high-degree nodes is the most effective way to achieve synchronization, while connecting low-degree nodes is the least. Numerical examples are also provided to verify the effectiveness of theoretical analysis. This work sheds new light on understanding synchronizability of groups of interconnected networks or networks of networks (NONs). Particularly, in the design of circuit networks such as power grids, the findings can facilitate engineers with optimal selections of interconnection patterns and parameter assignments, in terms of optimizing the stability of desired synchronous states and minimizing control cost.
NTNUSentEval at SemEval-2016 Task 4: Combining General Classifiers for Fast Twitter Sentiment Analysis

The paper describes experiments on sentiment classiﬁcation of microblog messages using an architecture allowing general machine learning classiﬁers to be combined either sequentially to form a multi-step classiﬁer, or in parallel, creating an ensemble classiﬁer. The sys-tem achieved very competitive results in the shared task on sentiment analysis in Twitter, in particular on non-Twitter social media data, that is, input it was not speciﬁcally tailored to.
Combined DCT – CS Theory based Digital Watermarking Technique for Color Images

In this paper, a digital watermarking technique using new signal processing theory called compressive sensing have been implement and analysis for different embedding monochromic watermark images into color cover images. In order to implement of technique, first convert watermark image into its sparse domain and then convert into linear measurement vector using basis matrix and measurement matrix. Then embed this linear measurement vector into color cover image using mid band coefficient based DCT watermarking technique. This paper is also give comparison of this technique for different mid band coefficient with traditional approach of DCT based watermarking technique. Watermarked image have been verified on the parameters of PSNR, BER, SSIM and Payload Capacity. This technique is providing more Payload Capacity compare to traditional approach of DCT based watermarking technique. General Terms Digital Watermarking, Copyright Protection
Physiological aspects of Toll‐like receptor 4 activation in sepsis‐induced acute kidney injury

Sepsis‐induced acute kidney injury (SI‐AKI) is common and associated with high mortality. Survivors are at increased risk of chronic kidney disease. The precise mechanism underlying SI‐AKI is unknown, and no curative treatment exists. Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) activates the innate immune system in response to exogenous microbial products. The result is an inflammatory reaction aimed at clearing a potential infection. However, the consequence may also be organ dysfunction as the immune response can cause collateral damage to host tissue. The purpose of this review is to describe the basis for how ligand binding to TLR4 has the potential to cause renal dysfunction and the mechanisms by which this may take place in gram‐negative sepsis. In addition, we highlight areas for future research that can further our knowledge of the pathogenesis of SI‐AKI in relation to TLR4 activation. TLR4 is expressed in the kidney. Activation of TLR4 causes cytokine and chemokine release as well as renal leucocyte infiltration. It also results in endothelial and tubular dysfunction in addition to altered renal metabolism and circulation. From a physiological standpoint, inhibiting TLR4 in large animal experimental SI‐AKI significantly improves renal function. Thus, current evidence indicates that TLR4 has the ability to mediate SI‐AKI by a number of mechanisms. The strong experimental evidence supporting a role of TLR4 in the pathogenesis of SI‐AKI in combination with the availability of pharmacological tools to target TLR4 warrants future human studies.
An Israeli family with Gerstmann‐Straussler‐Scheinker disease manifesting the codon 102 mutation in the prion protein gene

We report the first family among the Jewish population in Israel with Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease. A proline-for-leucine substitution at the codon 102 of the prion protein (PrP) gene was demonstrated. This mutation has been reported in families with the ataxic form of the disease.
The Application of a Moldable Skin Barrier in the Self-Care of Elderly Ostomy Patients

The quality of ostomy directly affects the stoma patient's quality of life. This study investigated the application of a moldable skin barrier in the self-care of elderly stoma patients after colostomy for colorectal cancer. A total of 104 elderly stoma patients (65–79 years) who underwent colostomy because of colorectal cancer were randomly divided into an experimental group (56 cases) receiving a moldable skin barrier and a control group (48 cases) receiving a conventional skin barrier. The information on peristomal irritant dermatitis occurrence, the satisfaction of self-care, and related care costs were collected 1 month after patients were discharged from the hospital. The overall incidence of irritant dermatitis was significantly lower (p = .01), the self-care satisfaction score was significantly higher (p = .02), and the cost for leakage-proof cream (p < .001) was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group. In contrast, no significant differences in the cost of ostomy equipment and the barrier replacement interval were observed. In conclusion, a moldable skin barrier can reduce the incidence of irritant dermatitis in elderly stoma patients, improve their self-care satisfaction, and reduce the cost of leakage-proof cream use compared with the conventional stoma skin barrier.
Exchange rate forecasting based on a new kind of nonlinear combination method

With the development of global economy, exchange rate forecast plays a great role in gaining profits for companies. This paper works over that significant subject based on a new kind of nonlinear combination method, which is composed of linear exponential smoothing model, simple moving average method and Elman network. The forecasted values through the first two methods are taken as the inputs of Elman network, which are shown as medium and long-term effect, what's more, some recent periods of exchange rates are chosen as the inputs too, which are shown as short-term effect, thus different influences are considered comprehensively. Otherwise, the actual exchange rates in recent specific time periods are taken as the outputs. According to the historical samples, Elman network is trained in supervised manner for the future forecast. In this way, the different singular methods are combined together well and that new kind of nonlinear method shows the high forecasting accuracy
Bayesian Potential Games to Model Cooperation for Cognitive Radios with Incomplete Information

This paper presents a Bayesian Potential game to model distributed joint power and channel allocation for cognitive radios with incomplete information. We propose a cooperative approach where secondary users (SUs) devote part of their transmission power in licensed channels to relaying primary users' (PUs) messages. In addition, we consider incomplete information in the decision making process, so as to avoid the need for a Common Control Channel (CCC), where users share information. This hypothesis improves the robustness and feasibility of the cognitive radio network supported by the proposed approach. Simulation results show that cooperation benefits both PUs and SUs and that the lack of complete information in the decision process slightly reduces performances in terms of Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) and outage probability.
A Reflective Review of Disruptive Innovation Theory

Disruptive Innovation Theory has created a significant impact on management practices and aroused plenty of rich debate within academia. Copious as the studies are, the scattered and conflicting nature of the literature on disruptive innovation in the last decade may pose a state of ambiguity for future research, thus necessitating a comprehensive review at this juncture. This paper first clarifies the basic concept and potential misinterpretations of the theory. Believing in the predictive value of the theory on firm performance, the authors then summarize and critique the research on how to enable potential disruptive innovation from internal, external, marketing and technology perspectives. The different perspectives inspired the authors to identify a number of key research directions within the disruptive innovation research domain. Potential future research is also briefly discussed by integrating disruptive innovation with other research domains, such as open innovation. Finally, in addition to theoretical contributions, the authors make practical contributions by outlining a series of potential inhibitors and enablers of disruptive innovation as managerial ‘take-aways’.
Spin resolution of glueballs in ( 2 + 1 ) -dimensional lattice gauge theory

Conventional lattice gauge theory assigns the lowest spin compatible with the symmetry channel of a given operator to the state coupling to that operator. Operators on a cubic lattice, however, are only defined on angles of $\ensuremath{\pi}/2;$ hence states with equal spin modulo 4 may overlap significantly. This paper explores a new technique for generating lattice operators that may be placed onto the lattice at angles other than $\ensuremath{\pi}/2,$ thereby resolving this modulo 4 ambiguity. Calculations of the mass of states with spin equal to 0, 2, and 4 are performed in the positive parity and charge conjugation channel and compared to the spectrum from previous lattice calculations. These masses compare well for spin 0 and 2, and for spin 4 the mass agrees with a state conventionally assigned spin 0, raising the possibility of misidentification of the spin of states coupling to some traditional operators.