Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Multi-Model Machine Learning Approach for Monitoring Calories Being Burnt During Workouts Using Smart Calorie Tracer

INTRODUCTION: In today's health-conscious world, accurate calorie monitoring during exercise is crucial for achieving fitness goals and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. However, existing methods often lack precision, driving the need for more reliable tracking systems. This paper explores the use of a multi-model machine learning approach to predict calorie burn during workouts by utilizing a comprehensive dataset. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this paper is to develop a user-friendly program capable of accurately predicting calorie expenditure during exercise, leveraging advanced machine learning techniques. METHODS: Techniques from social network analysis were employed to analyze the dataset, which included information on age, gender, height, weight, workout intensity, and duration. Data preprocessing involved handling missing values, eliminating irrelevant columns, and preparing features for analysis. The dataset was then divided into training and testing sets for model development and evaluation. Machine learning models, including Neural Networks, AdaBoost, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosting, were chosen based on their performance in regression tasks. RESULTS: The neural network model demonstrated superior performance in predicting calorie burn, outperforming other models in terms of MSE, RMSE, and an R2 score. Data visualization techniques aided in understanding the relationship between variables and calorie burn, highlighting the effectiveness of the neural network model. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that a multi-model machine learning approach offers a promising solution for accurate calorie tracking during exercise. The neural network model, in particular, shows potential for developing user-friendly calorie monitoring applications. While limitations exist, such as dataset scope and environmental factors, this study lays the groundwork for future advancements in calorie monitoring and contributes to the development of holistic fitness applications.
Development of a Real-time Colorectal Tumor Classification System for Narrow-band Imaging zoom-videoendoscopy

Colorectal endoscopy is important for the early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer and is used worldwide. A computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system that provides an objective measure to endoscopists during colorectal endoscopic examinations would be of great value. In this study, we describe a newly developed CAD system that provides real-time objective measures. Our system captures the video stream from an endoscopic system and transfers it to a desktop computer. The captured video stream is then classified by a pretrained classifier and the results are displayed on a monitor. The experimental results show that our developed system works efficiently in actual endoscopic examinations and is medically significant.
Local Knowledge on Ecosystem Management Practices and Human Plague Problems in West Usambaras, Tanzania

The human impact on natural landscapes has been steadily increasing during the last few decades and the current decline of biodiversity is largely the result of human activity. Many of these activities have resulted in a wide range of environmental changes that accelerate and interact with other environmental changes at local, regional and global scales. Ecosystem degradation in many areas of the world has been associated with the increase in the distribution of human plague cases, both land use and climate changes have been suggested as causes of the persistence of human plague in Africa, America and Asia. In West Usambaras, Tanzania, human plague is a public health problem, which has been associated with land use and land cover changes and the level of the spreading of the disease has increased from one village in 1980 to about 48 villages by the end of the year 2002, in the whole district. This case study shows how local people link the anthropogenic modifications of the ecosystems with the frequent outbreak of human plague in the area. Using a case study protocol developed by Initiative on Science and Technology for Sustainability (ISTS), the case study has been expanded to look at the issues such as stakeholder involvement in the development of this case study, the science policy- interface and the challenges of interdisciplinary research for sustainable development.
Análisis y modelado de la sostenibilidad energética en Europa: la energía eólica

This Work End of Degree exposes the current situation of the climate change, valuing the solutions proposed to combat it, specifically in the power sector and the wind energy. For this we ask questions such as: What is the magnitude of the power sector in the climate change? To what extent are the plans of European Commission about the wind energy? , etc. To develop the study, on the one hand, personal analyzes will be performed, and on the other hand will be implemented a dynamic system that include the lapse 2017-2050, where will be introduced predictions or/and data and will be extracted different inferences. The aim is not to do a very deep analysis or quantitative analysis (given that the work is about future evolutions), is to design any guidelines with the purpose of understand the general context.
The overlooked greatwall: a new perspective on mitotic control

The role of the dual specificity protein phosphatase, Cdc25, in activating the cyclin-dependent kinase-cyclin B complex (Cdk1-CycB) by overcoming the inhibitory Wee1 kinase is a long-established principle for mitotic entry. Recently, however, evidence has emerged of a regulatory network that facilitates Cdk1-CycB activity by inhibiting the form of protein phosphatase 2A having a B55 regulatory subunit (PP2A-B55). Here, I review the genetic and biochemical evidence for Greatwall kinase and its substrate Endosulphine as the key components of this previously obscure regulatory network. Not only is the inhibition of PP2A-B55 by phospho-endosulphine required to prevent dephosphorylation of Cdk1-CycB substrates until mitotic exit, but it is also required to promote Cdc25 activity and inhibit Wee1 at mitotic entry. I discuss how these alternating states of preferential PP2A-B55 or Cdk1-CycB activity can have an impact upon the regulation of Polo kinase and its ability to bind different partner proteins as mitosis progresses.
Acoustic Spatiotemporal Modeling using Deep Machine Learning for Robust Phoneme Recognition

Robust phoneme recognition continues to play a key role in automatic speech recognition systems. A prerequisi te task to phoneme recognition involves the accurate capturing of l owlevel acoustic features. Most preprocessing schemes consi der a fixed window of time from which acoustic features are extract ed. In this paper, we introduce the use of a deep machine learning architecture as a hierarchical feature extraction mechani sm capable of capturing temporal dependencies that span differentime scales, thereby offering improved acoustic context to the p honeme classification system. We show that using this framework a st a eof-the-art frame error rate (FER) of 24.16% is achieved on the TIMIT speech corpus phoneme recognition benchmark. The principles introduced can be applied to a broad range of spee ch processing tasks, such as speaker identification and diariz ation.
Adjuvant L-arginine treatment in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation: a double-blind, randomized study.

BACKGROUND Enhanced vascularization appears to be important for follicular selection and maturation in both spontaneous and stimulated IVF cycles. Nitric oxide, formed in vivo from L-arginine, may play a key role in follicular maturation and ovulation. METHODS To evaluate the role of L-arginine supplementation in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, 37 IVF patients were divided into two groups according to ovarian stimulation protocols: group I, GnRH agonist plus pure (p)FSH plus oral L-arginine (n = 18); and group II, GnRH agonist plus pFSH plus placebo (n = 19). Hormonal, ultrasonographic and Doppler evaluations were performed, and plasma and follicular fluid nitrite/nitrate concentrations were monitored. RESULTS Thirty-two patients completed the study. In group I (n = 16), plasma L-arginine concentrations increased from (basal) 87 +/- 12 micromol to 279 +/- 31 micromol (P = 0.002) on the day of beta-HCG administration. In this group, pFSH treatment was shorter (P = 0.039) than in group II (n = 16). The number of the follicles > or =17mm was lower (P = 0.038) in group I than group II. The "good quality" embryos were fewer in number (P = 0.034) and pregnancy rate, both per patient (P = 0.024) and per embryo transfer (P = 0.019), was lower in group I. In the L-arginine group, an increased follicular fluid concentration of nitrite/nitrate was observed. On day 8 of the cycle, elevated plasma estradiol levels were associated with decreased blood flow resistances of perifollicular arteries. Follicular fluid concentrations of nitrite/nitrate were inversely correlated with embryo quality (r = -0.613; P = 0.005) and perifollicular artery pulsatility index (r = -0.609; P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS L-Arginine supplementation may be detrimental to embryo quality and pregnancy rate during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycles.
Analysis of LSB based image steganography techniques

There have been many techniques for hiding messages in images in such a manner that the alterations made to the image are perceptually indiscernible. However, the question whether they result in images that are statistically indistinguishable from untampered images has not been adequately explored. We look at some specific image based steganography techniques and show that an observer can indeed distinguish between images carrying a hidden message and images which do not carry a message. We derive a closed form expression of the probability of detection and false alarm in terms of the number of bits that are hidden. This leads us to the notion of steganographic capacity, that is, how many bits can we hide in a message without causing statistically significant modifications? Our results are able to provide an upper bound on the this capacity. Our ongoing work relates to adaptive steganographic techniques that take explicit steps to foil the detection mechanisms. In this case we hope to show that the number of bits that can be embedded increases significantly.
Towards the Recognition of Compound Music Notes in Handwritten Music Scores

The recognition of handwritten music scores still remains an open problem. The existing approaches can only deal with very simple handwritten scores mainly because of the variability in the handwriting style and the variability in the composition of groups of music notes (i.e. compound music notes). In this work we focus on this second problem and propose a method based on perceptual grouping for the recognition of compound music notes. Our method has been tested using several handwritten music scores of the CVC-MUSCIMA database and compared with a commercial Optical Music Recognition (OMR) software. Given that our method is learning-free, the obtained results are promising.
University of Huddersfield Repository Strong Equivalence of Qualitative Optimization Problems

We introduce the framework of qualitative optimization problems (or, simply, optimization problems) to represent preference theories. The formalism uses separate modules to describe the space of outcomes to be compared (the generator ) and the preferences on outcomes (the selector ). We consider two types of optimization problems. They diﬀer in the way the generator, which we model by a propositional theory, is interpreted: by the standard propositional logic semantics, and by the equilibrium-model (answer-set) semantics. Under the latter interpretation of generators, optimization problems directly generalize answer-set optimization programs proposed previously. We study strong equivalence of optimization problems, which guarantees their interchangeability within any larger context. We characterize several versions of strong equivalence obtained by restricting the class of optimization problems that can be used as extensions and establish the complexity of associated reasoning tasks. Understanding strong equivalence is essential for modular representation of optimization problems and rewriting techniques to simplify them without changing their inherent properties.
Pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil in combination with sirolimus or ciclosporin in renal transplant patients.

AIMS To compare the pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid (MPA) and its metabolite (MPAG) when mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is administered in combination with sirolimus or ciclosporin (CsA) in renal allograft recipients. Safety and efficacy (biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR)) were also assessed. METHODS Patients (n = 45) were randomized 2 : 1 to receive treatment with sirolimus (n = 30; dosed to maintain trough concentrations of 10-25 ng ml(-1) until week 8, and then 8-15 ng ml(-1) thereafter) or CsA (n = 15; administered as per centre practice) both in combination with daclizumab, oral MMF and corticosteroids. Pharmacokinetic assessments were performed at day 7, week 4, and months 3 and 6 post-transplant. The primary endpoint was the AUC(0,12 h) for MPA and MPAG. The pharmacokinetics of sirolimus were also assessed. RESULTS MPA exposure was 39-50% lower (month 6 mean AUC(0,12 h) (95%CI): 40.4 (33.8, 47.0) vs. 68.5 (54.9, 82.0) microg ml(-1) h) and MPAG exposure was 25-52% higher (722 (607, 838) vs. 485 (402, 569) microg ml(-1) h at month 6) in the presence of CsA compared with sirolimus across visits. BPAR was 40.0% with sirolimus and 13.3% with CsA. The incidence of hypertension, tremors and hirsutism was higher with CsA than with sirolimus, while the incidence of diarrhoea, hyperlipidaemia and impaired wound closure was higher with sirolimus. No deaths, malignancies or graft losses were reported. CONCLUSIONS Co-administration of sirolimus with MMF led to greater MPA exposure, but lower MPAG exposure, than co-administration with CsA. As rejection rates were higher in the absence of CsA, further study of calcineurin inhibitor-free regimens is required before general recommendations can be made.
Robust G-MUSIC

An improved MUSIC algorithm for direction-of-arrival estimation is introduced that accounts both for large array sizes N comparatively with the number of independent observations n and for the impulsiveness of the background environment (e.g., presence of outliers in the observations). This method derives from the spiked G-MUSIC algorithm proposed in [1] and from the recent works by one of the authors on the random matrix analysis of robust scatter matrix estimators [2]. The method is shown to be asymptotically consistent where classical approaches are not. This superiority is corroborated by simulations.
Linear Operator Inequality and Null Controllability with Vanishing Energy for Unbounded Control Systems

We consider linear systems on a separable Hilbert space $H$, which are null controllable at some time $T_0>0$ under the action of a point or boundary control. Parabolic and hyperbolic control systems usually studied in applications are special cases. To every initial state $ y_0 \in H$ we associate the minimal “energy” needed to transfer $ y_0 $ to $ 0 $ in a time $ T \ge T_0$ (``energy” of a control being the square of its $ L^2 $ norm). We give both necessary and sufficient conditions under which the minimal energy converges to $ 0 $ for $ T\to+\infty $. This extends to boundary control systems the concept of null controllability with vanishing energy introduced by Priola and Zabczyk [SIAM J. Control Optim. , 42 (2003), pp. 1013--1032] for distributed systems. The proofs in the Priola--Zabczyk paper depend on properties of the associated Riccati equation, which are not available in the present, general setting. Here we base our results on new properties of the quadratic regulator problem with stability a.
Finding the Key Users in Facebook Fan Pages via a Clustering Approach

The Service of Facebook Fan Pages is one of the most popular social network platform for various organizations. Companies can interact with their own fans through the Fan Pages. The interactions include sending direct advertisement, gathering user meetings, and promoting electronic word of mouth (eWoM). For companies that use social network to gather customers' information, to identify the opinion leaders on the internet is very important, since opinion leaders are active persons and have influence on other potential customers. Based on clustering algorithm, we proposed a system that can find the opinion leaders and test our method on the Facebook Fan Pages. The data set includes 410,045 comments from 173,988 users that we gathered from October 2013 to September 2014. We also use classification methods to evaluate our system and find promising result.
Multiple parent-adult child relations and well-being in middle and later life.

OBJECTIVES Despite the centrality of parent-adult child relations, prior research has found only weak associations with parent well-being. There is a need to give more explicit attention to the relations of parents with multiple children and to the potentially mixed or "ambivalent" nature of those relations. These patterns may differ for mothers and fathers. METHODS Wave 1 of the National Survey of Families and Households provided detailed information on relations between parents and each of their adult children. The sample included 2,270 persons aged 50+ who had at least one child aged 19+. RESULTS Measures across multiple adult children uncovered more mixed patterns of "collective ambivalence" that included lesser quality and/or contact with at least some children. The presence of less positive relations with any children was consistently, albeit modestly, related to lower parent well-being. Mothers reported higher "maximum" quality and interaction across children, but mothers and father did not differ in "minimum" reports. Associations between parent-child relations and well-being were similar for mothers and fathers. DISCUSSION Analyses that incorporate the relations of parents with their multiple adult children, viewed as part of a family network, yield a more comprehensive and nuanced view of those relations and their implications for well-being.
Knowledge, attitudes, and normative beliefs as predictors of hookah smoking initiation: a longitudinal study of university students.

INTRODUCTION While cross-sectional studies have shown that hookah tobacco smoking (HTS) is an increasingly popular behavior among university students, little is known about factors associated with initiation. This study sought to determine associations between knowledge, attitudes, and normative beliefs and initiation of HTS among university students. METHODS Data were from a prospective longitudinal cohort study of 569 randomly selected first- and second-year university students. Online questionnaires that were developed in accordance with our composite theoretical model were completed in September 2010 and April 2011. RESULTS About one-seventh (13%) of participants initiated HTS by follow-up. Positive attitudes and favorable normative beliefs were associated with increased adjusted odds of initiation (AOR = 4.12, 95% CI = 2.56, 6.59; and AOR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.35, 2.99, respectively), while negative attitudes were associated with decreased adjusted odds (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.48, 0.80). Correct knowledge regarding toxicants associated with HTS was not significantly associated with initiation. CONCLUSIONS While positive attitudes and favorable normative beliefs are associated with initiation of HTS in a cohort of never-users, increased knowledge about toxins is not associated with lower initiation. It may be particularly valuable for educational interventions to attempt to alter positive attitudes and normative beliefs related to HTS.
A concentrated springs architecture for single-digit frequency symmetry in Si MEMS gyroscope

We report on a new design approach for X-Y symmetric resonator, that can be mechanized as rate (RG) or rate-integrating gyroscope (RIG), with a single digit as-fabricated frequency split between the two mechanical out-of-phase operational modes. We explore concentration of critical mechanical elements (shuttle-spring-anchor modules) close to the center of the die to mitigate the effect of the fabrication tolerances “intra-device”. Characterization results show sub-Hz as-fabricated frequency split of Δf=0.3Hz, the lowest value found in the literature for silicon MEMS gyroscopes. Preliminary ring down test shows Q factor greater than 330K. Both low Δf and high Q factor obtained in this approach makes it a very good candidate for implementation of high performance gyroscope.
Pathologic changes in the lumbosacral vertebrae and pelvis in Thoroughbred racehorses.

OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence, characteristics, and severity of soft-tissue and osseous lesions in the caudal portion of the thoracic and lumbosacral vertebral column and pelvis in Thoroughbred racehorses. ANIMALS 36 Thoroughbred racehorses that died or were euthanatized at California racetracks between October 1993 and July 1994. PROCEDURE Lumbosacral and pelvic specimens were collected and visually examined for soft-tissue and osseous lesions. RESULTS Acute sacroiliac joint injury was observed in 2 specimens. Signs of chronic laxity or subluxation of the sacroiliac joint were not observed in any specimens. Impingement of the dorsal spinous processes and transverse processes was observed in 92 and 97% of specimens, respectively. Thoracolumbar articular processes had variable degrees of degenerative change in 97% of specimens. Degenerative changes were observed at lumbar intertransverse joints and sacroiliac articulations in all specimens. Some degenerative changes were widespread and severe. CONCLUSIONS Numerous degenerative changes affected vertebral processes, intervertebral articulations, and sacroiliac joints in these Thoroughbred racehorses. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Various types of vertebral and pelvic lesions need to be considered during clinical evaluation of the back and pelvis in horses. Undiagnosed vertebral or pelvic lesions could be an important contributor to poor performance and lameness in athletic horses.
In defense of the oral cavity: structure, biosynthesis, and function of salivary mucins.

The oral environment, like other mucosal surfaces of the body, is coated by a slimy, viscoelastic coat termed mucus. This adherent layer, consisting predom­ inately of salivary glycoproteins, proteins, and lipids, forms ajelly-like blanket that represents the perimeter defense of the tissue/environmental interface (77). The unique physicochemical and rheological properties of the mucus coat are contributed largely by the heavily O-glycosylated mucin-glycoproteins (mu­ cins). Salivary mucins are synthesized by the mucus acinar cells of the paired submandibular (SMG) and sublingual (SLG) glands, as well as minor salivary glands distributed throughout the palatal and buccal mucosa. Serous acinar cells, such as those found in the human or rat parotid glands, do not contribute to the production of salivary mucins. Much of our current understanding of salivary mucin function has been derived by inference. Various subjective and objective functional losses have been catalogued in persons who lack the ability to produce adequate levels of saliva (4). Relevant findings include (a) the sensation of oral dryness, partic­ ularly among those subjects with compromised mucus gland function (26); (b) difficulty with swallowing; and (c) an increased susceptibility to dental cavity (caries) formation and the appearance of opportunistic yeast infections (thrush mouth). These findings have led to a generalized view that saliva functions to (a) hydrate and lubricate the oral structures; (b) facilitate the oral phase of