Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Method of Moving Targets Detection and Imaging for Bistatic SAR

This paper proposes a scheme of bistatic SAR with three channels for ground moving targets detection. According to the characteristic of bistatic SAR, FrFT technique was chosen to focus the moving target and improve the signal to clutter ratio, while we suppress clutter and estimate the parameters of moving target with clutter suppression interferometer techniques. From the spatial geometry model and echo signal model of the system, the method of moving target parameters estimation was carried out. Computer simulation results validate ground moving targets detection can then be obtained by jointly processing algorithm.
The Candida glabrata putative sterol transporter gene CgAUS1 protects cells against azoles in the presence of serum.

OBJECTIVES The uptake of endogenous sterol from serum may allow Candida glabrata to survive azole treatment. This study aims to determine the contribution of a sterol transporter that alters fluconazole sensitivity in the presence of serum. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis predicted CgAUS1 as the C. glabrata orthologue of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae transporters AUS1 and PDR11. To investigate whether the CgAUS1 gene has sterol transporter activity, we investigated the effects of an AUS1 deletion on the growth of a tetracycline-regulatable ERG9 strain (tet-ERG9aus1), wherein ERG9 expression is turned off giving rise to a sterol requirement. Tetracycline-dependent repression of CgAUS1 in the tet-AUS1 strain was used to determine the fluconazole susceptibility of CgAUS1 in the presence and absence of serum. RESULTS The tetracycline-treated tet-ERG9aus1 strain failed to grow in the presence of serum, whereas the parental tet-ERG9AUS1 strain grew by incorporating sterol from exogenously supplied serum. Serum cholesterol protected cells against the antifungal effects of fluconazole and this protection was lost by repressing CgAUS1 gene expression. Furthermore, such protection was also observed during itraconazole treatment, but not observed in cells treated with non-azole antifungals. CONCLUSIONS CgAUS1 appears to function as a sterol transporter that may contribute to lower azole susceptibility in the presence of serum and to protect C. glabrata against azole toxicity in vivo.
Cell Wall Stress Depolarizes Cell Growth via Hyperactivation of Rho1

Cells sense and physiologically respond to environmental stress via signaling pathways. Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells respond to cell wall stress by transiently depolarizing the actin cytoskeleton. We report that cell wall stress also induces a transient depolarized distribution of the cell wall biosynthetic enzyme glucan synthase FKS1 and its regulatory subunit RHO1, possibly as a mechanism to repair general cell wall damage. The redistribution of FKS1 is dependent on the actin cytoskeleton. Depolarization of the actin cytoskeleton and FKS1 is mediated by the plasma membrane protein WSC1, the RHO1 GTPase switch, PKC1, and a yet-to-be defined PKC1 effector branch. WSC1 behaves like a signal transducer or a stress-specific actin landmark that both controls and responds to the actin cytoskeleton, similar to the bidirectional signaling between integrin receptors and the actin cytoskeleton in mammalian cells. The PKC1-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade is not required for depolarization, but rather for repolarization of the actin cytoskeleton and FKS1. Thus, activated RHO1 can mediate both polarized and depolarized cell growth via the same effector, PKC1, suggesting that RHO1 may function as a rheostat rather than as a simple on-off switch.
Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from laryngeal carcinoma: case report and review of literature

Laryngeal cancer metastases are relatively rare and mainly affect the lung. The medullary localization remains exceptional. We report the case of a patient followed for operated laryngeal cancer and whose oncologic control revealed a medullary localization. A patient followed for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, treated in 2010 by a partial surgery whose endoscopic control at 5 years revealed the presence of right arytenoid edema without suspicious lesions, multiple biopsies were made and which returned negative. A month later, the patient presented a rebel cervical spine pain and a feeling of heaviness of the upper limbs, for which a radiological assessment was done finally objectifying a right hypopharyngeal process and a suspicious right internal jugular lymphadenopathy (biopsy confirmed the squamous type), as well as an intramedullary metastasis. This case is an illustration of an exceptional evolution of this type of cancer and a are metastatic localization difficult to highlight, which leads us to ask the question on the need of simultaneous and systematic radiological and endoscopic control treatment for operated laryngeal cancer.
Direct Model Navigation issue shifted in the continuous domain by a predictive control approach for mobile robots

This paper presents a new navigation method for mobile robots, based on direct kinematics model and predictive control approach. It is adaptable to all types of robots taking into account their specific constraints. The research of the optimal trajectory is shifted in the continuous parameters space, which enables the exploitation of all of the robot's capabilities. The use of a stochastic algorithm enables the determination of obstacle bypass trajectories, and simulation results show that the navigation in cluttered environment is improved.
Olfactory bulb ensheathing glia: A unique cell type with axonal growth‐promoting properties

The olfactory bulb (OB) is a structure of the central nervous system (CNS) in which axonal growth occurs throughout the lifetime of the organism. A major difference between the OB and the remaining CNS is the presence of ensheathing glia in the first two layers of the OB. Ensheathing glia display properties that might be involved in the process of regeneration and they appear to be responsible for the permissibility of the adult OB to axonal growth. In fact, transplants of ensheathing glia can be used as promoters of axonal regeneration within the adult CNS. The axonal growth‐promoting properties of ensheathing glia make the study of this cell type interesting for understanding the mechanisms underlying axonal regeneration. Several groups have studied OB ensheathing cells extensively in an attempt to classify them within any of the known glial groups. However, this cell type does not exhibit the phenotypic features of any glial population described thus far. In this article we review the characteristics that differentiate ensheathing glia from other peripheral and central glial populations as well as the properties that involve them in axonal regeneration. The evidence suggests that ensheathing glia are unique, have their own identity, and do not belong to any previously described glial type. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Efficient VLSI Architecture Design for Sisoand LDPC Based Advanced Turbo Decoder

To achieve the high data rate requirements of emerging wireless communication technologies, the iterative turbo decoding architecture have been proposed and it requires the use of parallel architectures to implement high throughput Turbo decoder. Turbo decoder consists of SISO decoder, LDPC Decoder, interleaver and deinterleaver. Contention-free Unified parallel Confection and balance scheduling scheme suitable for parallel decoding of codes. In this paper, we propose highly parallel Turbo decoders with scalable a posteriori algorithm for every type of parallelism with various block sizes and high throughput rates. The performance of this architecture can further be improved by modifying the same with an LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) decoder and matched filter, so that the accuracy of the decoder data can be improved, the time required for the execution can also be
Adaptation or a Change in Attitude? Environmental Awareness in the Region of Lake Balaton

Eine der bedeutendsten, die gesamte Weltbevölkerung berührende Einsicht der letzten Jahrzehnte stellt die Tatsache des Klimawandels dar. Aufgrund der beobachteten Trends in den zurückliegenden Jahrzehnten im Bereich der klimatischen Veränderungen kann konstatiert werden, dass die von der menschlichen Gemeinschaft bisher aufgebrachten Anstrengungen nicht ausreichen, um diesen Prozess aufzuhalten. Daraus ergibt sich die Alternative: entweder die Intensivierung der den Trend aufhaltenden Maßnahmen oder die Vorbereitung auf die unvermeidlichen Veränderungen. In Bezug auf zu treffende Vorbereitungsmaßnahmen bildet also der Klimawandel in zahlreichen Ländern, auch in denen der EU und somit auch in Ungarn einen herausragenden Forschungsschwerpunkt. An der Pannonischen Universität (Veszprém/Ungarn) befasste sich von 2013-2014 unsere soziologische Arbeitsgruppe mit den Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf die Gesellschaft im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes „Regionale Auswirkungen der vom Klimawandel verursachten Extremwetterlagen und Chancen ihrer Schadensminderung in den nächsten Jahrzehnten”. In der öko-philosophischen Fachliteratur Ungarns drehen sich die mit dem Klimawandel zusammenhängenden Fragen zu Wertordnungsund Attitüdenveränderungen um zwei Hauptprobleme. Dabei lautet die eine wichtige Fragestellung: Akzeptieren wir den für Naturwissenschaftler eindeutigen Fakt, dass zu der sich auf unserer Erde vollziehenden Klimaveränderung anthropogene Wirkungsmechanismen beitragen, und dass sich bei Kenntnis der negativen Folgen, die dieser Wandel mit-sich-bringt, in uns Menschen die Verantwortung als Auftrag formuliert, d.h. die Verantwortung jedes Einzelnen? Die andere bedeutende Fragestellung zielt darauf ab, ob es für eine erfolgreiche Anpassungsstrategie notwendig ist, wertmäßiges Umdenken bzw. eine veränderte Denkweise auszustoßen. Wenn ja, wie sieht dann dieser „Paradigmenwechsel“ inhaltlich aus, und gibt es denn überhaupt schon Anzeichen für einen solchen Wechsel? Vorliegende Studie untersucht den letztgenannten Problemkreis in Bezug auf Werte und Attitüden. Unser empirisches Korpus erhoben wir in einer ostmitteleuropäischen Region, die als besonders sensibel unter ökologischem und gesellschaftlichem Gesichtspunkt anzusehen ist. Die gewonnenen Untersuchungsergebnisse verglichen wir mit denen seitens Eurobarometer und ungarländischen erbrachten wert-soziologischen. Laut unserer Analyse gibt es in der Region Balaton unter der Bevölkerung keine unter ökologischem Aspekt wünschenswerten Änderungen. Ebenso zeigten sich bei der getesteten Probandenmenge unter gesellschaftlichem Differenzierungsaspekt keine Anzeichen auf ein gesteigertes Umweltbewusstsein z.B. unter Jugendlichen – entgegen der Eurobarometer-Studie, die nachweist, dass junge Menschen im Allgemeinen über eine stärkere Umweltsensibilität verfügen würden. Unseren Untersuchungen zufolge ergaben sich gesellschaftliche Differenzen vor allem aufgrund des Schulbildungsgrades sowie daraus, zu welcher Konfession/Weltanschauung die Probanden gehörten.
Fractalkine Preferentially Mediates Arrest and Migration of CD16+ Monocytes

CD16+ monocytes represent 5–10% of peripheral blood monocytes in normal individuals and are dramatically expanded in several pathological conditions including sepsis, human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection, and cancer. CD16+ monocytes produce high levels of proinflammatory cytokines and may represent dendritic cell precursors in vivo. The mechanisms that mediate the recruitment of CD16+ monocytes into tissues remain unknown. Here we investigate molecular mechanisms of CD16+ monocyte trafficking and show that migration of CD16+ and CD16− monocytes is mediated by distinct combinations of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors. In contrast to CD16− monocytes, CD16+ monocytes expressed high CX3CR1 and CXCR4 but low CCR2 and CD62L levels and underwent efficient transendo-thelial migration in response to fractalkine (FKN; FKN/CX3CL1) and stromal-derived factor 1α (CXCL12) but not monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (CCL2). CD16+ monocytes arrested on cell surface–expressed FKN under flow with higher frequency compared with CD16− monocytes. These results demonstrate that FKN preferentially mediates arrest and migration of CD16+ monocytes and suggest that recruitment of this proinflammatory monocyte subset to vessel walls via the CX3CR1-FKN pathway may contribute to vascular and tissue injury during pathological conditions.
Scales to Assess the Quality of Randomized Controlled Trials: A Systematic Review

Background and Purpose: The methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is commonly evaluated in order to assess the risk of biased estimates of treatment effects. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify scales used to evaluate the methodological quality of RCTs in health care research and summarize the content, construction, development, and psychometric properties of these scales. Methods: Extensive electronic database searches, along with a manual search, were performed. Results: One hundred five relevant studies were identified. They accounted for 21 scales and their modifications. The majority of scales had not been rigorously developed or tested for validity and reliability. The Jadad Scale presented the best validity and reliability evidence; however, its validity for physical therapy trials has not been supported. Discussion and Conclusion: Many scales are used to evaluate the methodological quality of RCTs, but most of these scales have not been adequately developed and have not been adequately tested for validity and reliability. A valid and reliable scale for the assessment of the methodological quality of physical therapy trials needs to be developed.
Ultrasound-guided central venous access

Central venous catheterization is a critical component of management for the critically ill patient in the operating room and intensive care unit. When using ultrasound techniques for central venous access, access is achieved with fewer attempts, a reduced incidence of carotid artery punctures or ‘hits’, an increased success rate, and a decreased duration of procedure compared to the traditional landmark approach.
Local null controllability of a two-dimensional fluid-structure interaction problem

In this paper, we prove a controllability result for a fluid-structure interaction problem. In dimension two, a rigid structure moves into an incompressible fluid governed by Navier-Stokes equations. The control acts on a fixed subset of the fluid domain. We prove that, for small initial data, this system is null controllable, that is, for a given T > 0, the system can be driven at rest and the structure to its reference configuration at time T. To show this result, we first consider a linearized system. Thanks to an observability inequality obtained from a Carleman inequality, we prove an optimal controllability result with a regular control. Next, with the help of Kakutani's fixed point theorem and a regularity result, we pass to the nonlinear problem.
Zero-forcing for the symmetric Interference Channel with conferencing encoders

A two-user Gaussian Interference Channel (GIC) is considered in which encoders are connected through noiseless links with finite capacities. New genie-aided upper bounds on the sum-capacity are developed which incorporate the capacities of the cooperative links. When the GIC is symmetric, with possibly different cooperation link capacities, the sum-capacity is characterized within 2.13 bits gap for all values of the channel parameters. In the achievable scheme, each transmitter sends a private and a common message, and zero-forces the part of the other transmitter's private message, communicated over the conference between the encoders.
Applying pervasive technologies to create economic incentives that alter consumer behavior

Economic incentives are a powerful way of shaping consumer behavior towards more commercially efficient and environmentally sustainable patterns. In this paper, we explore the idea of combining pervasive computing techniques with electronic payment systems to create activity-based micro-incentives. Users who consume additional resources by e.g., occupying an air-conditioned space instead of a normal space are levied additional micro-payments. In an alternative approach, consumers who choose to save resources are rewarded with micro-rebates off the price of a service. As a result, the cost of using a service corresponds more closely with the resources used, leading market mechanisms to allocate resources efficiently. A key challenge is designing incentive mechanisms that alter consumer behavior in the desired fashion. We introduce four incentive models, and present evaluation results suggesting that consumers make different decisions depending on which model is used.
Postnatal Development of Numbers and Mean Sizes of Pancreatic Islets and Beta-Cells in Healthy Mice and GIPRdn Transgenic Diabetic Mice

The aim of this study was to examine postnatal islet and beta-cell expansion in healthy female control mice and its disturbances in diabetic GIPRdn transgenic mice, which exhibit an early reduction of beta-cell mass. Pancreata of female control and GIPRdn transgenic mice, aged 10, 45, 90 and 180 days were examined, using state-of-the-art quantitative-stereological methods. Total islet and beta-cell volumes, as well as their absolute numbers increased significantly until 90 days in control mice, and remained stable thereafter. The mean islet volumes of controls also increased slightly but significantly between 10 and 45 days of age, and then remained stable until 180 days. The total volume of isolated beta-cells, an indicator of islet neogenesis, and the number of proliferating (BrdU-positive) islet cells were highest in 10-day-old controls and declined significantly between 10 and 45 days. In GIPRdn transgenic mice, the numbers of islets and beta-cells were significantly reduced from 10 days of age onwards vs. controls, and no postnatal expansion of total islet and beta-cell volumes occurred due to a reduction in islet neogenesis whereas early islet-cell proliferation and apoptosis were unchanged as compared to control mice. Insulin secretion in response to pharmacological doses of GIP was preserved in GIPRdn transgenic mice, and serum insulin to pancreatic insulin content in response to GLP-1 and arginine was significantly higher in GIPRdn transgenic mice vs. controls. We could show that the increase in islet number is mainly responsible for expansion of islet and beta-cell mass in healthy control mice. GIPRdn transgenic mice show a disturbed expansion of the endocrine pancreas, due to perturbed islet neogenesis.
Beautiful and Damned. Combined Effect of Content Quality and Social Ties on User Engagement

User participation in online communities is driven by the intertwinement of the social network structure with the crowd-generated content that flows along its links. These aspects are rarely explored jointly and at scale. By looking at how users generate and access pictures of varying beauty on Flickr, we investigate how the production of quality impacts the dynamics of online social systems. We develop a deep learning computer vision model to score images according to their aesthetic value and we validate its output through crowdsourcing. By applying it to over 15 B Flickr photos, we study for the first time how image beauty is distributed over a large-scale social system. Beautiful images are evenly distributed in the network, although only a small core of people get social recognition for them. To study the impact of exposure to quality on user engagement, we set up matching experiments aimed at detecting causality from observational data. Exposure to beauty is double-edged: following people who produce high-quality content increases one’s probability of uploading better photos; however, an excessive imbalance between the quality generated by a user and the user’s neighbors leads to a decline in engagement. Our analysis has practical implications for improving link recommender systems.
Validation of an automated system for monitoring water intake and drinking behaviour in dairy calves

The provision of palatable drinking water ad libitum for cattle is often neglected on farm and is considered difficult and impractical to monitor, particularly on an individual animal basis. The objective of this study was to validate an automated system for monitoring individual water intake and drinking behaviour of dairy calves. Nineteen dairy calves were observed over five days for eight hours/day. Calves were individually identified as they visited a water trough within a narrow chute where the number and duration of visits were recorded using an overhead photoelectric sensor, and water intake was recorded using a flow meter. Data from the automated system were compared to behavioural observations from video recordings across the same time period. The automated system was highly correlated with behavioural observations for both the number of visits (R2=0.96, P<0.001) and visit durations (R2=0.94, P<0.001), but showed no correlation for water intake (R2=0.01, P>0.1). This system could be used as a reliable automated method for recording drinking behaviour in terms of the number and duration of visits. However, alternative systems for measuring water intake need to be investigated and incorporated into the automated system. This information could be used to investigate a number of questions regarding water use and quality, and their effects on calf health and welfare and could be integrated into other automated systems used on farm for daily animal monitoring.
UCSC on REC 2006 Blog Opinion Mining

The University of California Santa Cruz team submitted three runs for the TREC Blog Track opinion mining task. We developed a two stage retrieval system. We started with retrieving relevant documents from the corpus for each topic, and then ran each retrieved document through a classifier to estimate the probability that the document contains opinion expressions. The documents were ranked according to the product of the retrieval score and the estimated probability. The Lemur search engine, which is based on the language modeling approach, was used for retrieval. A Bayesian Logistic Regression classifier was trained using a noisy training data set from other domains, which include news articles, product reviews and movie reviews. All runs are automatic.