Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monitor Placement for Maximizing Network Identifiability via End-to-end Path Measurements

We investigate the problem of placing a given number of monitors in a hybrid communication network to identify the maximum number of link metrics from end-toend measurements between monitors, assuming that link metrics are additive, and measurement paths cannot contain cycles. Motivated by our previous result that complete identification of all link metrics can require a large number of monitors, we focus on partial identification using a limited number of monitors. The basis to our solution is an efficient algorithm for determining all identifiable links for a given monitor placement. Based on this algorithm, we develop a polynomial-time greedy algorithm to incrementally place monitors such that each newly placed monitor maximizes the number of additional identifiable links. We prove that the proposed algorithm is optimal for 2-vertexconnected networks, and demonstrate that it is near-optimal for several real ISP topologies that are not 2-vertex-connected. Our solution provides a quantifiable tradeoff between level of identifiability and available monitor resources.
ON QUALITATIVE DIFFERENCES IN LEARNING—II OUTCOME AS A FUNCTION OF THE LEARNER'S CONCEPTION OF THE TASK

Summary. Two groups of 20 first-year students were asked to read three sections of a textbook. After the first two sections the groups received different types of question. One group received questions which demanded a thorough understanding of the meaning of the passage. The other group was given detailed factual questions. After the final section of reading a common set of questions of both types was asked. Besides providing further evidence of qualitative differences in learning, the experiment showed that students did adapt their way of learning to their conception of what was required of them.
Multiband Low-Profile Antenna for Remote Antenna Unit Picocell Applications

The design of a compact, low-profile antenna constructed from five wire-patch elements is investigated. For a fiber-radio system a critical design parameter is the isolation between two WLAN elements. It is shown the structure can be optimized to provide in excess of 25-dB isolation. Good agreement between experiment and modeling is demonstrated including these mutual coupling effects.
Functional Interaction of Transmembrane Helices 3 and 6 in Rhodopsin

Replacement of a highly conserved glycine residue on transmembrane (TM) helix 3 of bovine rhodopsin (Gly121) by amino acid residues with larger side chains causes a progressive blue-shift in the λmax value of the pigment, a decrease in thermal stability, and an increase in reactivity with hydroxylamine. In addition, mutation of Gly121 causes a relative reversal in the selectivity of opsin for 11-cis-retinal over all-trans-retinal. It was suggested that Gly121 plays an important role in defining the 11-cis-retinal binding pocket of rhodopsin (Han, M., Lin, S. W., Smith, S. O., and Sakmar, T. P. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 32330-32336). Here, we combined the mutant opsin G121L with second site replacements of four different amino acid residues on TM helix 6: Met257, Val258, Phe261, or Trp265. We show that the loss of function phenotypes of the G121L mutant described above can be partially reverted specifically by the mutation of Phe261, a residue highly conserved in all G protein-coupled receptors. For example, the double-replacement mutant G121L/F261A has spectral, chromophore-binding, and transducin-activating properties intermediate between those of G121L and rhodopsin. This rescue of the G121L defects did not occur with the other second site mutations tested. We conclude that specific portions of TM helices 3 and 6, which include Gly121 and Phe261, respectively, define the chromophore-binding pocket in rhodopsin. Finally, the results are placed in the context of a molecular graphics model of the TM domain of rhodopsin, which includes the retinal-binding pocket.
Theoretical study on detection distance for chipless RFID systems according to transmit power regulation standards

This paper address the problematic of estimating the performance of chipless RFID systems operating in the UWB band from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz. For this purpose, a model which takes into account chipless tags' characteristics such as RCS and quality factor is proposed to better estimate the theoretical detection distances. Chart showing theoretical detection distances as a function of the frequency and for various RCS levels are derivate from radar equation according to the radiated emission limit set by transmit power regulation authorities. Detection ranges are estimated according to two different approaches, the continuous wave based radar technique, and the impulse radio based radar technique.
Optimal dynamic mobility management for PCS networks

We study a dynamic mobility management scheme: the movement-based location update scheme. An analytical model is applied to formulate the costs of location update and paging in the movement-based location update scheme. The problem of minimizing the total cost is formulated as an optimization problem that finds the optimal threshold in the movement-based location update scheme. We prove that the total cost function is a convex function of the threshold. Based on the structure of the optimal solution, an efficient algorithm is proposed to find the optimal threshold directly. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is applied to study the effects of changing important parameters of mobility and calling patterns numerically.
Wi-Fi Goes to Town: Rapid Picocell Switching for Wireless Transit Networks

This paper presents the design and implementation of Wi-Fi Goes to Town, the first Wi-Fi based roadside hotspot network designed to operate at vehicular speeds with meter-sized picocells. Wi-Fi Goes to Town APs make delivery decisions to the vehicular clients they serve at millisecond-level granularities, exploiting path diversity in roadside networks. In order to accomplish this, we introduce new buffer management algorithms that allow participating APs to manage each others' queues, rapidly quenching each others' transmissions and flushing each others' queues. We furthermore integrate our fine-grained AP selection and queue management into 802.11's frame aggregation and block acknowledgement functions, making the system effective at modern 802.11 bit rates that need frame aggregation to maintain high spectral efficiency. We have implemented our system in an eight-AP network alongside a nearby road, and evaluate its performance with mobile clients moving at up to 35 mph. Depending on the clients' speed, Wi-Fi Goes to Town achieves a 2.4-4.7x TCP throughput improvement over a baseline fast handover protocol that captures the state of the art in Wi-Fi roaming, including the recent IEEE 802.11k and 802.11r standards.
A Fast Parallel Algorithm for Blind Estimation of Noise Variance

A blind noise variance algorithm that recovers the variance of noise in two steps is proposed. The sample variances are computed for square cells tessellating the noise image. Several tessellations are applied with the size of the cells increasing fourfold for consecutive tessellations. The four smallest sample variance values are retained for each tessellation and combined through an outlier analysis into one estimate. The different tessellations thus yield a variance estimate sequence. The value of the noise variance is determined from this variance estimate sequence. The blind noise variance algorithm is applied to 500 noisy 256*256 images. In 98% of the cases, the relative estimation error was less than 0.2 with an average error of 0.06. Application of the algorithm to differently sized images is also discussed. >
Multimodal Telepresence Systems

Significant uses of immersive communication systems include support for group design activities in a -distributed context, combining human-human communication and interactivity with synthetic computer-generated content, such as three-dimensional (3-D) models or visualizations. As the demands of distributed human communication and simultaneous interaction with synthetic media continue to expand into new collaborative applications, including surgical planning, simulation training, and entertainment, we see a growing need to improve upon the state of the art of the associated technologies. To this end, we consider the demands on next-generation telepresence systems to support some of the most demanding collaborative human activities. Specifically, we explore the communications requirements for tightly coupled activities in a “shared reality” environment, where distributed users are free to move about their physical spaces, and interact with one another as if physically copresent.
The Kiss-and-Run Model of Intra-Golgi Transport

The Golgi apparatus (GA) is the main station along the secretory pathway. Mechanisms of intra-Golgi transport remain unresolved. Three models compete with each other for the right to be defined as the paradigm. The vesicular model cannot explain the following: (1) lipid droplets and aggregates of procollagen that are larger than coatomer I (COPI)-dependent vesicles are transported across the GA; and (2) most anterograde cargoes are depleted in COPI vesicles. The compartment progression/maturation model has the following problems: (1) most Golgi-resident proteins are depleted in COPI vesicles; (2) there are no COPI vesicles for the recycling of the resident proteins in the trans-most-Golgi cisterna; and (3) different proteins have different rates of intra-Golgi transport. The diffusion model based on permanent inter-cisternal connections cannot explain the existence of lipid, ionic and protein gradients across the Golgi stacks. In contrast, the kiss-and-run model has the potential to explain most of the experimental observations. The kiss-and-run model can be symmetric when fusion and then fission occurs in the same place, and asymmetric when fusion takes place in one location, whereas fission takes place in another. The asymmetric kiss-and-run model resembles the carrier maturation mechanism, and it can be used to explain the transport of large cargo aggregates.
An Emotional Business: the Role of Emotional Intelligence in Entrepreneurial Success

Successful entrepreneurial activity is important for a healthy economy and can be a major source of job creation. While the concept of entrepreneurship has been around for quite some time, researchers continue to explore the factors that underlie entrepreneurial performance. Specifically, researchers have sought to further examine why some entrepreneurial ventures are more successful than others. the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gained the attention of researchers and practitioners alike. Practitioners have realized that employees can no longer be perceived as biological machines that are capable of leaving their feelings, norms, and attitudes at home when they go to work. Researchers are embracing the concept of emotional intelligence because of its relationship with efficiency, productivity, sales, revenues, quality of service, customer loyalty, employee recruitment and retention, employee commitment, employee health and satisfaction, and morale. While there is considerable evidence documenting the effects of emotional intelligence on leadership performance, job performance in large firms, and educational performance, very little research has examined how emotional intelligence affects entrepreneurial performance and the variables that account for this relationship. Individuals in entrepreneurial occupations face business situations that necessitate unique skills and abilities in social interactions. Emotional intelligence has implications for entrepreneurial situations and social interactions such as negotiation, obtaining and organizing resources, identifying and exploiting opportunities, managing stress, obtaining and maintaining customers, and providing leadership. the primary purpose of this study is to investigate emotional intelligence in the context of entrepreneurship. in addition, the study will shed light on the mediating effects of individual competencies, organizational tasks, and the environmental culture and climate. the results of the study provide insights for emotional intelligence researchers, entrepreneurship researchers, individuals with entrepreneurial aspirations, academic institutions, as well as government and financial entities that provide resources to new ventures.
Analyzing Computer-Mediated Communication and Organizational Effectiveness

Communication in today's organization plays an important role in overall organizational effectiveness. Advancements in technological capability have led to a need to reconsider and reconceptualize the nature of work in organizations. Face-to-face communication is undoubtedly the richest medium of communication, but it is very difficult to arrange frequent face-to-face communication. Alternatively, computer-mediated communication (CMC) is becoming an integral part of organizational effectiveness. CMC provides instant access to employees working at different places, with the advantage of accessibility to all the relevant information. With the advantages of communication technologies over more traditional modes of communication, the emphasis has increasingly turned to understanding how CMC can affect organizational effectiveness. The present paper analyzes the relationship between CMC and organizational effectiveness through a literature review. It also examines in what ways and to what extent CMC affects organizational success.
Time, Structure, and Fluctuations

Fundamental conceptual problems that arise from the macroscopic and microscopic aspects of the second law of thermodynamics are considered. It is shown that nonequilibrium may become a source of order and that irreversible processes may lead to a new type of dynamic states of matter called "dissipative structures. " The thermodynamic theory of such structures is outlined. A microscopic definition of irreversible processes is given, and a transformation theory is developed that allows one to introduce nonunitary equations of motion that explicitly display irreversibility and approach to thermodynamic equilibrium. The work of the group at the University of Brussels in these fields is briefly reviewed. In this new development of theoretical chemistry and physics, it is likely that thermodynamic concepts will play an ever-increasing role.
[Methamphetamine - just another stimulant or a more complex problem?].

UNLABELLED Methamphetamine (MA) has recently become very popular in the media, due in part to its increasing popularity as well as its psychotropic effects and the negative consequences of its use. Is it a stimulant like any other, or does methamphetamine use lead to specific difficulties in its users? The aim of this article is to provide a brief review of the literature by explaining some of the reasons for its popularity in Canada as well as the physical, dental, psychiatric, cognitive and legal problems associated with its use. MA's popularity: Regarding its popularity, MA has benefitted from multiple factors, namely its low cost for users and manufacturers, its quick and intense psychotropic effects (increased energy, sexual arousal, rapid thinking, sleeplessness, lack of appetite), its easy access, as well as its various methods of ingestion (nasal, oral, injection). MA abuse also results in a multitude of negative effects, both physical and mental. MA's physical effects: In terms of negative physical effects, cardiac problems, skin infections, sexually transmitted (and injection-related) diseases as well as meth mouth are described. MA's mental effects: In terms of mental consequences, two recently published Canadian studies revealing high rates of depression symptoms and of sustained psychotic symptoms in a subgroup of MA users are presented. Studies reporting various cognitive deficits in MA user are also reviewed, including reports of high prevalence of childhood attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder diagnoses among adult MA users. Furthermore, MA abusers are documented as having been highly exposed to trauma in their lives, with many presenting with post-traumatic stress disorder criteria. This manuscript also explores the reasons behind the forensic profiles of individuals using MA, particularly the increased tendency toward violent acts, the high incarceration rates of the homeless users and the high percentage of individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder reported in studies. In terms of user profiles, various methods of ingestion, frequency of use as well as combination with other drugs are described, with a special focus on the frequent polysubstance abuse found in MA users and the reality of bingers. TREATMENT This manuscript describes specific treatments designed for stimulant users such as MA abusers, namely the MATRIX program, as well as modifications piloted for those with comorbid depression. Pharmacological treatments, as well as antioxidant supplements, are also discussed although they have not yielded positive results with humans to date. Overall, our goal in this manuscript is to highlight the complexity of the difficulties faced by MA users as well as the limited ability of currently available treatments to address the multiple needs associated with this complexity.
Measuring mental models: Choosing the right tools for the job

With the evolving nature of high-technology workplaces, personnel are continually confronted with new, complex systems. Possession of accurate mental representations or “mental models” of these systems should enhance workers' understanding and use of the equipment. Incorporating mental model assessment, diagnosis, and instruction into training requires the selection of an appropriate measure of mental model knowledge. Because there is no agreed-upon measure of this knowledge, selection can be difficult. This study evaluated four mental model measures, with performance as the criterion. Three of the evaluated techniques were predictive of performance; two of these were independently predictive. Determining the relationship between a knowledge representation and performance can offer valuable information for designing and evaluating a training intervention.
Backstepping sliding mode control for combined spacecraft with nonlinear disturbance observer

To attenuate the effects of inertia uncertainty and external disturbance of combined spacecraft on attitude control accuracy and stability, a composite control law by combining nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO) and backstepping sliding mode control is proposed. In this paper, the nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO) is added to observe the unknown inertia and external disturbance, and asymptotic stability of the backstepping sliding mode control with NDO is demonstrated. The performance of the proposed attitude control for combined spacecraft is discussed, and the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed controller.
“Criminals Are Inside of Our Homes”: Intimate Partner Violence and Fear of Crime

Bien que des études suggèrent que les femmes soient plus craintives des crimes que les hommes, malgré le fait que leur taux de victimisation soit généralement plus bas, certains universitaires suggèrent que l’expérience personnelle joue, dans le meilleur des cas, un rôle limité en ce qui concerne notre sentiment de sécurité personnelle. Des universitaires féministes ont répliqué que de nombreuses femmes sont victimes de violence de la part de leurs conjoints masculins, mais que ce type de victimisation est rarement considéré par des études mesurant la peur du crime. Par conséquent, le taux plus élevé de peur chez les femmes est justifié, disent-elles. Cette étude utilise un échantillon national représentatif de femmes canadiennes âgées de 15 ans et plus pour examiner la relation entre la violence conjugale et la peur du crime. Les résultats d’analyses de régression et des tableaux croisés appuient la perspective féministe, indiquant que la violence physique et émotionnelle, ainsi que la violence physique sévère, exercée par des conjoints masculins accroissent généralement la peur des femmes envers le crime. Les résultats démontrent l’importance de tenir compte de la violence conjugale lors d’études portant sur les peurs des femmes envers le crime afin de ne pas faussement qualifier la peur des femmes d’« irréaliste ».
Software Clustering Using Dynamic Analysis and Static Dependencies

Decomposing a software system into smaller, more manageable clusters is a common approach to support the comprehension of large systems. In recent years, researchers have focused on clustering techniques to perform such architectural decomposition, with the most predominant clustering techniques relying on the static analysis of source code. We argue that these static structural relationships are not sufficient for software clustering due to the increased complexity and behavioral aspects found in software systems. In this paper, we present a novel software clustering approach that combines dynamic and static analysis to identify component clusters. We introduce a two-phase clustering technique that combines software features to build a core skeleton decomposition with structural information to further refine these clusters. A case study is presented to evaluate the applicability and effectiveness of our approach.
Benefits of Co-Teaching in Secondary Mathematics Classes

teachers do to provide access to the general curriculum, especially in math? How are they to prepare their students for high-stakes testing programs, with new accountability requirements? How can special and general education teachers work together for the benefit of their students in secondary schools? Here we examined a familiar topic, co-teaching, in a new light and in view of recent mandates and required measures (see box, “ What Does CoTeaching Mean? ”). The article is based on observations of real-life co-teaching programs, and includes recommendations from practitioners and researchers for what co-teaching could bring to many students.
Extrakranielle Farbduplexsonografie hirnversorgender Arterien

Zusammenfassung Die Ultraschalldiagnostik der extrakraniellen hirnversorgenden Arterien spielt eine zentrale Rolle bei der Stratifizierung des Risikos für zerebrovaskuläre Ereignisse und für das Erkennen von Ursachen eingetretener Hirninfarkte. In dieser Übersicht werden neben etablierten Befunden Ergebnisse neuerer Arbeiten vorgestellt, die insbesondere Bedeutung für den täglichen Einsatz der sonografischen Diagnostik haben. Es wird auf die Technik und Relevanz der Messung der Intima Media-Dicke und die Signifikanz der Echomorphologie atherosklerotischer Plaques der carotis eingegangen, zudem werden die neuen sonografischen Kriterien der Klassifikation von Karotisstenosen eingehend dargestellt, die 2010 publiziert wurde und zunehmend verwendet wird. Im letzten Teil werden typische Befunde bei Dissektionen der extrakraniellen Arterien gezeigt und dabei insbesondere auf die Unterschiede von Dissektionen der A. carotis interna und communis hingewiesen.
Flexibility in 21st Century Power Systems

Flexibility of operation--the ability of a power system to respond to change in demand and supply--is a characteristic of all power systems. Flexibility is especially prized in twenty-first century power systems, with higher levels of grid-connected variable renewable energy (primarily, wind and solar). This paper summarizes the analytic frameworks that have emerged to measure this characteristic and distills key principles of flexibility for policy makers.