Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Apports de la réalité virtuelle à la prise en charge de troubles cognitifs et comportementaux

Les technologies de la realite virtuelle permettent a un utilisateur d'interagir en temps reel, au moyen de diverses interfaces, avec un monde tridimensionnel engendre par l'ordinateur. Les therapeutes se sont saisis des possibilites de ce nouveau mode d'interaction, et ont contribue au developpement d'environnements virtuels ciblant le diagnostic, la therapie, la rehabilitation, et l'evaluation. Nous avons choisi de nous concentrer sur la prise en charge de troubles cognitifs et comportementaux rencontres dans les domaines de la psychiatrie et de la neuropsychologie. Les technologies de la realite virtuelle offrent de nouveaux moyens d'evaluer et de rehabiliter les fonctions cognitives. Elles permettent de surmonter certaines difficultes inherentes aux methodes traditionnelles et proposent des solutions plus adaptees. Typiquement, les tâches « papier-crayon » sont remplacees par des mises en situation proches des activites de la vie quotidienne. La contribution de cette recherche concerne ainsi l'adequation de l'approche realite virtuelle au diagnostic et a la therapie, et les apports consequents. Deux themes, encore peu investigues, ont retenu notre attention : le traitement de la phobie sociale en psychiatrie, et l'evaluation de la planification de l'action en neuropsychologie. La recherche que nous avons menee a ainsi vise deux objectifs. Le premier a ete de concevoir deux applications fondees sur la realite virtuelle concernant ces deux themes et d'en evaluer la faisabilite. Le second a ete de degager les apports de la realite virtuelle a la prise en charge de dysfonctionnements de l'individu. La creation et la mise en place d'une therapie de la phobie sociale fondee sur la realite virtuelle a souleve differents enjeux : creer des situations d'interaction sociale suscitant des reactions emotionnelles chez des patients phobiques sociaux ; investiguer les differentes facettes de la phobie sociale. Les resultats de l'etude clinique menee aupres de patients phobiques sociaux ont conclu a l'efficacite de la therapie par realite virtuelle. La conception d'un systeme virtuel dedie a la prise en charge de dysfonctionnements cognitifs de l'individu nous a conduits a aborder l'evaluation de la planification de l'action. Elle est fondee sur la creation d'une tâche de planification et d'un environnement virtuel dits ecologiques. L'application s'est deroulee dans le contexte du vieillissement et de la maladie de Parkinson. L'etude menee aupres de patients parkinsoniens laisse entrevoir la pertinence et les potentialites de l'utilisation de la realite virtuelle. Les experimentations menees nous permettent ainsi de degager les apports de la realite virtuelle dans la prise en charge de troubles cognitifs et comportementaux. Les apports tels que le controle des stimuli, la flexibilite, etc. ouvrent la voie a de nouveaux themes de reflexion concernant la place de la realite virtuelle dans le processus clinique.
Reassessing the Balanced Development of Compulsory Education

The balanced development of compulsory education has been given due and lengthy coverage in the “Outline of China’s National Plan for Medium and Long-Term Education Reform and Development (2010–2020)” which, to some extent, reflects the needs of our time and the demands of the general public. However, detailed analyses reveal that many aspects remain to be improved. The authors hold that the balanced development of compulsory education should be people-oriented and a fundamental right of modern citizens. The paper makes a preliminary research on the question of balance in compulsory education, discussing participants, potential to achieve balance, and how to evaluate the ongoing development towards balance.
Response to undesired events in software systems

This paper discusses an approach to handling run-time errors in software systems. It is often assumed that in programs which can be proven correct, errors will not be a problem. This paper is predicted on the assumption that, even with correct programs, undesired events at run-time will continue to be a problem. Routines to respond to these undesired events (UEs) must be provided in reliable systems. This paper describes a program organization which aims at satisfying the following criteria: (1) UE response routines are written by each programmer in terms of the abstract machine which he uses for his normal case code. UEs are reported in those terms. He is never forced to use information about the implementation of other modules in the system. (2) Programs can be written so that the code for UE detection, UE correction, and normal case, are lexically separate and can be modified independently. (3) The system can evolve from an initial version that does little recovery to one which uses sophisticated recovery techniques without a change in the structure of the system. (4) Even with unsophisticated recovery procedures, the task of locating the module containing a bug discovered at run-time does not require internal knowledge of many modules. (5) Costs incurred because of the recovery techniques are low as no UE occurs.
EMOCIÓN, CIUDADANÍA Y VALORES. UN ESTUDIO EMPÍRICO SOBRE LAS RELACIONES ENTRE ESTAS TRES DIMENSIONES DE LA IDENTIDAD

Este trabajo es un adelanto de una tesis de maestria se propone investigar las relaciones entre emocion, ciudadania y valores en jovenes escolarizados. Desde una metodologia cualitativa el estudio empirico se ha basado en el trabajo sobre dos situaciones dilematicas de injusticia social en el marco de la ciudad de Buenos Aires a partir de las cuales los sujetos han realizado un trabajo individual. La muestra ha sido de 31 alumnos del ultimo ano del secundario de una escuela de nivel socio-economico medio de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. A partir de los casos presentados se investiga: A) Los temas que involucran en el analisis los jovenes entendidos como valor tema-emocional, B) Los relatos de ciudadania que implican objetivos y valores, C) El posicionamiento que asumen los jovenes como posibles participes de la accion. Tomando como marco de discusion la psicologia cultural, se busca recuperar estos elementos en funcion de las posibilidades y restricciones que generan en la accion del sujeto sobre su espacio socio-cultural y de las implicancias que poseen para la construccion de la identidad ciudadana en el joven. Se discuten los hallazgos para comprender las relaciones entre estos elementos y el modo en que aspectos sociales se entrecruzan con la identidad personal del sujeto. Palabras clave Identidad, Ciudadania, Jovenes, Valores Abstract EMOTION, CITIZENSHIP AND VALUES. AN EMPIRICAL APPROACH TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THESE DIMENSIONS The present article is an advance of a magister thesis aimed to investigate the relationship between emotion, citizenship and values in young students. From a qualitative methodology, the empirical study is based on the work on two controversial situations of social injustice in the context of the city of Buenos Aires from which the subjects have made an individual work. The sample was of 31 students in the final year of secondary school. From the presented cases are investigated: A) The issues in the analysis understood as value-emotional, B) The narratives of citizenship involving goals and values, C) The position assumed by the youth as potential participants of action. From the perspective of socio-cultural psychology, we analyze these items based on the possibilities and constraints of the subject’s actions and the construction of civic identity in the young. Results are discussed to understand the relationships between these elements and how they interact with social aspects in subject’s personal identity. Key words Identity, Citizenship, Young, Values
Comparing Gabapentin and Celecoxib in Pain Management and Complications After Laminectomy: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Background Complications and postoperative pain are major care problems that can affect the quality of health care plan. Objectives According to the use of multimodal therapy the current study aimed to compare the efficacy of gabapentin and celecoxib in pain management and complications after laminectomy at Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran, in 2015. Patients and Methods In this randomized double-blind clinical trial, 114 patients scheduled for elective laminectomy with simple random sampling design received gabapentin (n = 38, 900 mg/day), celecoxib (n = 38, 600 mg/day) and placebo (n = 38, capsule contain starch). Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to determine the intensity of pain. Complications after surgery, anxiety scores before surgery and patient’s satisfaction 24 hours after the surgery were recorded. Results The mean pain intensity in the gabapentin group was lower compared to those of the placebo and celecoxib groups respectively at different time durations (P < 0.001). The means of morphine consumption were 11.9 mg, 22.8 mg and 30.1 mg in the gabapentin, celecoxib and placebo groups, respectively (P < 0.001). The prevalence of shivering, nausea, vomiting and pruritus were 10.5%, 12.8%, 10.3% and 18.4% in the gabapentin group vs 31.5%, 29.8%, 32.4% and 28.9% in the celecoxib group and 42.1%, 44.7%, 39.5% and 44.7% in the placebo group (P < 0.001). The mean anxiety score in the gabapentin group was 2.4 vs those of the celecoxib group 3 and placebo group 3.6 (P < 0.001). The frequencies of drowsiness were 42.1%, 13.2% and 5.3% in the gabapentin, celecoxib and placebo groups, respectively (P < 0.001). In the gabapentin group, patient satisfaction was significantly higher compared to those of the placebo and celecoxib groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions According to the effect of gabapentin on pain management, complications after laminectomy and increased patients satisfaction, it can be regarded as an alter native in multimodal analgesia.
Locomotory transition from water to sand and its effects on undulatory kinematics in sand lances (Ammodytidae)

SUMMARY Sand lances, fishes in the genus Ammodytes, exhibit a peculiar burrowing behavior in which they appear to swim rapidly into the substrate. They use posteriorly propagated undulations of the body to move in both water, a Newtonian fluid, and in sand, a non-Newtonian, granular substrate. In typical aquatic limbless locomotion, undulations of the body push against water, which flows because it is incapable of supporting the static stresses exerted by the animal, thus the undulations move in world space (slipping wave locomotion). In typical terrestrial limbless locomotion, these undulations push against substrate irregularities and move relatively little in world space (non-slipping wave locomotion). We used standard and X-ray video to determine the roles of slipping wave and non-slipping wave locomotion during burrowing in sand lances. We find that sand lances in water use slipping wave locomotion, similar to most aquatic undulators, but switch to non-slipping waves once they burrow. We identify a progression of three stages in the burrowing process: first, aquatic undulations similar to typical anguilliform locomotion (but without head yaw) push the head into the sand; second, more pronounced undulations of the aquatic portion of the body push most of the animal below ground; third, the remaining above-ground portion of the body ceases undulation and the subterranean portion takes over, transitioning to non-slipping wave locomotion. We find no evidence that sand lances use their body motions to fluidize the sand. Instead, as soon as enough of the body is underground, they undergo a kinematic shift and locomote like terrestrial limbless vertebrates.
Throughput and Delay Analysis of AODV , DSDV and DSR Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Mobile ad hoc networks are envisaged to play a vital role in ubiquitous networking owing to their mobility support without relying on infrastructure-based design. Conversely, the same feature makes routing in these networks challenging as compared to the typical wired networks. As a result typical routing protocols designed for wired networks are not appropriate for these networks. A number of routing protocols have emerged over the last few years which can be generally classified as proactive and reactive routing protocols. In this research, we analyze and compare three most important routing protocols from both categories in terms of throughput, end to end delay and packet delivery fraction. This comparison is useful in understanding the requirements and challenges for routing protocols in mobile and ad hoc setting and forms the basis of designing a new routing protocol which we plan to present in future. Our simulation results based on simulations carried out using Network Simulator (NS2) show that Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol gives best performance as compared to Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) routing protocols when network size is large and node mobility is high. Index Terms – Wireless networks, infrastructure-less, AODV, DSR, DSDV, throughput, delay
Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Damage Is Associated with Decreased Ventral Striatum Volume and Response to Reward

The ventral striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) are two central nodes of the “reward circuit” of the brain. Human neuroimaging studies have demonstrated coincident activation and functional connectivity between these brain regions, and animal studies have demonstrated that the vmPFC modulates ventral striatum activity. However, there have been no comparable data in humans to address whether the vmPFC may be critical for the reward-related response properties of the ventral striatum. In this study, we used fMRI in five neurosurgical patients with focal vmPFC lesions to test the hypothesis that the vmPFC is necessary for enhancing ventral striatum responses to the anticipation of reward. In support of this hypothesis, we found that, compared with age- and gender-matched neurologically healthy subjects, the vmPFC-lesioned patients had reduced ventral striatal activity during the anticipation of reward. Furthermore, we observed that the vmPFC-lesioned patients had decreased volumes of the accumbens subregion of the ventral striatum. Together, these functional and structural neuroimaging data provide novel evidence for a critical role for the vmPFC in contributing to reward-related activity of the ventral striatum. These results offer new insight into the functional and structural interactions between key components of the brain circuitry underlying human affective function and decision-making. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Maladaptive decision-making is a common problem across multiple mental health disorders. Developing new pathophysiologically based strategies for diagnosis and treatment thus requires a better understanding of the brain circuits responsible for adaptive decision-making and related psychological subprocesses (e.g., reward valuation, anticipation, and motivation). Animal studies provide evidence that these functions are mediated through direct interactions between two key nodes of a posited “reward circuit,” the ventral striatum and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). For the first time in humans, we demonstrate that damage to the vmPFC results in decreased ventral striatum activity during reward anticipation. These data provide unique evidence on the causal mechanisms by which the vmPFC and ventral striatum interact during the anticipation of rewards.
The Solanum lycopersicum AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 (SlARF7) mediates cross-talk between auxin and gibberellin signalling during tomato fruit set and development

Transgenic tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) with reduced mRNA levels of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 (SlARF7) form parthenocarpic fruits with morphological characteristics that seem to be the result of both increased auxin and gibberellin (GA) responses during fruit growth. This paper presents a more detailed analysis of these transgenic lines. Gene expression analysis of auxin-responsive genes show that SlARF7 may regulate only part of the auxin signalling pathway involved in tomato fruit set and development. Also, part of the GA signalling pathway was affected by the reduced levels of SlARF7 mRNA, as morphological and molecular analyses display similarities between GA-induced fruits and fruits formed by the RNAi SlARF7 lines. Nevertheless, the levels of GAs were strongly reduced compared with that in seeded fruits. These findings indicate that SlARF7 acts as a modifier of both auxin and gibberellin responses during tomato fruit set and development.
DESCRIPTION AND PROPOSED LIFE CYCLE OF MARITREMA NOVAEZEALANDENSIS N. SP. (MICROPHALLIDAE) PARASITIC IN RED-BILLED GULLS, LARUS NOVAEHOLLANDIAE SCOPULINUS, FROM OTAGO HARBOR, SOUTH ISLAND, NEW ZEALAND

Maritrema novaezealandensis n. sp. is described from Otago Harbor, South Island, New Zealand, on the basis of adult specimens collected from the Red-billed gull, Larus novaehollandiae scopulinus, and excysted metacercariae obtained from crabs. It belongs to the “eroliae group” and differs from other related species mainly in the shape, size, and patterns of distributions of the spines on the cirrus, the shape of the metraterm, the presence of an unlobed ovary, and the complete ring of the vitelline follicles. Based on morphometric features of metacercariae and adult specimens, the trophic relationships among invertebrate and vertebrate hosts, experimental infections, and previous reports of species of Maritrema with similar transmission patterns, the life cycle of M. novaezealandensis n. sp. is described. A 3-host life cycle is proposed for this parasite. The first intermediate host is the mud snail, Zeacumantus subcarinatus, in which the cercarial stage is produced in sporocysts located within the gonad of the snail. At least 3 crab species (Hemigrapsus crenulatus, Macrophtalmus hirtipes, and Halicarcinus whitei) and several species of amphipods act as second intermediate hosts, with metacercariae encysted in the body cavity of the crustacean host. Finally, the definitive host, the gull, L. n. scopulinus, harbors the adult worms in its intestine.
Neutrino: Revisiting Memory Caching for Iterative Data Analytics

In-memory analytics frameworks such as Apache Spark are rapidly gaining popularity as they provide order of magnitude performance speedup over disk-based systems for iterative workloads. For example, Spark uses the Resilient Distributed Dataset (RDD) abstraction to cache data in memory and iteratively compute on it in a distributed cluster. In this paper, we make the case that existing abtractions such as RDD are coarse-grained and only allow discrete cache levels to be used for caching data. This results in inefficient memory utilization and lower than optimal performance. In addition, relying on the programmer to enforce caching decisions for an RDD makes it infeasible for the system to adapt to runtime changes. To overcome these challenges, we propose Neutrino that employs fine-grained memory caching of RDD partitions and adapts to the use of different in-memory cache levels based on runtime characteristics of the cluster. First, it extracts a data flow graph to capture the data access dependencies between RDDs across different stages of a Spark application without relying on cache enforcement decisions from the programmer. Second, it uses a dynamic-programming based algorithm to guide caching decisions across the cluster and adaptively convert or discard the RDD partitions from the different cache levels. We have implemented a prototype of Neutrino as an extension to Spark and use four different machine-learning workloads for performance evaluation. Neutrino improves the average job execution time by up to 70% over the use of Spark's native memory cache levels.
Hither and yon: a review of bi-directional microtubule-based transport

Active transport is critical for cellular organization and function, and impaired transport has been linked to diseases such as neuronal degeneration. Much long distance transport in cells uses opposite polarity molecular motors of the kinesin and dynein families to move cargos along microtubules. It is increasingly clear that many cargos are moved by both sets of motors, and frequently reverse course. This review compares this bi-directional transport to the more well studied uni-directional transport. It discusses some bi-directionally moving cargos, and critically evaluates three different physical models for how such transport might occur. It then considers the evidence for the number of active motors per cargo, and how the net or average direction of transport might be controlled. The likelihood of a complex linking the activities of kinesin and dynein is also discussed. The paper concludes by reviewing elements of apparent universality between different bi-directionally moving cargos and by briefly considering possible reasons for the existence of bi-directional transport.
Intraocular Pressure in Anisometropic Children

Background There is evidence that intraocular pressure (IOP) is higher in myopes than in hyperopes or emmetropes, and it has been suggested that myopia may be the result of a high IOP. We studied IOP in the two eyes of anisometropes, thus controlling for nuisance variables affecting IOP measurement. Methods Sixty-seven Chinese children, aged between 8 and 14 years, with anisometropia not <2 D were studied. A Topcon CT-60 noncontact tonometer was used for IOP measurement. Cycloplegia was achieved using two drops of tropicamide 1%, and retinoscopy was performed after residual accommodation had decreased to <2 D. A-scan ultrasonography was carried out using a Storz Alpha II Biometric Ruler. Results There were no statistically significant differences in IOP between the less myopic and more myopic eyes. Conclusions Refractive error and axial length differences in anisometropic children are not related to differences in IOP and seem more likely to be due to genetically determined discrepancies in scleral structure, as previously proposed.
The Role of Issue-Framing Functions in Affecting Beliefs and Opinions about a Sociopolitical Issue

Extant communication and social movement theory suggests that sociopolitical actors can frame issues effectively via the realization of four functions: defining an issue as a problem, blaming a cause, suggesting solutions, and invoking a moral appeal. Though these functions are theorized to be necessary at the societal level, no prior research has tested directly the efficacy of these functions, when included in communicative messages, in affecting individuals' interpretations about a sociopolitical issue. The experiment described in this article indicated that the “blame” function was particularly influential when included in a strategic message from a pro-environmental social movement organization (SMO). Also, while there was a modest, though statistically insignificant, indication that the inclusion of all functions within a message could be beneficial, the inclusion of specific functions without others elicited a boomerang effect in which respondents actually demonstrated significantly lower alignment with the SMO's position.
Improving Forecasts of Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity with Wavelet Transform

In the study, we discussed the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model and enhanced it with wavelet transform to evaluate the daily returns for 1/4/2002-30/12/2011 period in Brent oil market. We proposed discrete wavelet transform generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model to increase the forecasting performance of the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model. Our new approach can overcome the defect of generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity family models which can't describe the detail and partial features of times series and retain the advantages of them at the same time. Comparing with the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model, the new approach significantly improved forecast results and greatly reduces conditional variances.