Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unicellular cyanobacteria ® x N 2 in the subtropical North Paci ® c Ocean

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Availability and quality of mobile health app privacy policies

Mobile health (mHealth) customers shopping for applications (apps) should be aware of app privacy practices so they can make informed decisions about purchase and use. We sought to assess the availability, scope, and transparency of mHealth app privacy policies on iOS and Android. Over 35,000 mHealth apps are available for iOS and Android. Of the 600 most commonly used apps, only 183 (30.5%) had privacy policies. Average policy length was 1755 (SD 1301) words with a reading grade level of 16 (SD 2.9). Two thirds (66.1%) of privacy policies did not specifically address the app itself. Our findings show that currently mHealth developers often fail to provide app privacy policies. The privacy policies that are available do not make information privacy practices transparent to users, require college-level literacy, and are often not focused on the app itself. Further research is warranted to address why privacy policies are often absent, opaque, or irrelevant, and to find a remedy.
ADP Acting on P2Y13 Receptors Is a Negative Feedback Pathway for ATP Release From Human Red Blood Cells

Red blood cells may regulate tissue circulation and O2 delivery by releasing the vasodilator ATP in response to hypoxia. When released extracellularly, ATP is rapidly degraded to ADP in the circulation by ectonucleotidases. In this study, we show that ADP acting on P2Y13 receptors on red blood cells serves as a negative feedback pathway for the inhibition of ATP release. mRNA of the ADP receptor P2Y13 was highly expressed in human red blood cells and reticulocytes. The stable ADP analogue 2-MeSADP decreased ATP release from red blood cells by inhibition of cAMP. The P2Y12 and P2Y13 receptor antagonist AR-C67085 (30 &mgr;mol/L), but not the P2Y1 blocker MRS2179, inhibited the effects of 2-MeSADP. At doses where AR-C67085 only blocks P2Y12 (100 nmol/L), it had no effect. AR-C67085 and the nucleotidase apyrase increased cAMP per se, indicating a constant cAMP inhibitory effect of endogenous extracellular ADP. 2-MeSADP reduced plasma ATP concentrations in an in vivo pig model. Our results indicate that the ATP degradation product ADP inhibits ATP release by acting on the red blood cell P2Y13 receptor. This negative feedback system could be important in the control of plasma ATP levels and tissue circulation.
Asymmetric average consensus under SINR-based interference

Consensus algorithms are a family of distributed processes that are based on exchanging local information in order to obtain some particular global information. An example of these algorithms is the average consensus, in which the value to be obtained is the average of some initial data. Most of the existing consensus techniques assume unrealistic models of communications that require complex control mechanisms in practice. In contrast, we consider the average consensus algorithm under a realistic asynchronous and asymmetric scheme of communications, where the interferences constrain the information exchanged among the nodes. To ensure a correct operation in this scheme, we propose a link scheduling protocol that satisfies certain convergence conditions and maximizes the number of simultaneous links in each iteration of the consensus algorithm. This increase in the number of communications per iteration improves the performance of the consensus algorithm. Simulation results are presented to verify and clearly show the efficiency of our approach.
Critical motion sequences for monocular self-calibration and uncalibrated Euclidean reconstruction

In this paper sequences of camera motions that lead to inherent ambiguities in uncalibrated Euclidean reconstruction or self-calibration are studied. Our main contribution is a complete, detailed classification of these critical motion sequences (CMS). The practically important classes are identified and their degrees of ambiguity are derived. We also discuss some practical issues, especially concerning the reduction of the ambiguity of a reconstruction.
A locust-inspired miniature jumping robot

Unmanned ground vehicles are mostly wheeled, tracked, or legged. These locomotion mechanisms have a limited ability to traverse rough terrain and obstacles that are higher than the robot’s center of mass. In order to improve the mobility of small robots it is necessary to expand the variety of their motion gaits. Jumping is one of nature’s solutions to the challenge of mobility in difficult terrain. The desert locust is the model for the presented bio-inspired design of a jumping mechanism for a small mobile robot. The basic mechanism is similar to that of the semilunar process in the hind legs of the locust, and is based on the cocking of a torsional spring by wrapping a tendon-like wire around the shaft of a miniature motor. In this study we present the jumping mechanism design, and the manufacturing and performance analysis of two demonstrator prototypes. The most advanced jumping robot demonstrator is power autonomous, weighs 23 gr , ? > and is capable of jumping to a height of 3.35 m , ? > covering a distance of 1.37 m ? > .
Anaphylactoid reactions to the nonvascular administration of water-soluble iodinated contrast media.

OBJECTIVE Anaphylactoidlike reactions occur during the nonvascular administration of iodinated contrast media. Many of these reactions have been severe. These reactions have occurred with many procedures, including gastrointestinal imaging, cystography, sialography, and hysterosalpingography. CONCLUSION This article reviews reports of these reactions. It also reviews what the literature recommends concerning how to deal with individuals undergoing these procedures who are at a higher risk for anaphylactoidlike reactions.
A SURVEY ON BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATION TECHNIQUES USING PALM VEIN FEATURE

Palmprint recognition has been investigated over 10 years,After palmprint , fingerprints or iris digital, biometric identification of an individual can be done through the veins of the hand. This paper provides an overview of current biometric systems technology based on hand vein. We first review the component modules including the algorithms they employ. Finally, a summary of the accuracy results reported in the survey is also provided and some suggestion is offered
Risk factors for human herpesvirus 8 infection among adults in the United States and evidence for sexual transmission.

BACKGROUND Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) causes Kaposi sarcoma. In the United States, transmission routes for HHV-8 are uncertain. METHODS The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III sampled individuals from the US general population (1988-1994). We used enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) to measure HHV-8 antibodies (K8.1 and open reading frame [ORF] 73 antigens) in 13,894 surveyed adults. HHV-8 seroprevalence was examined according to sexual history and viral coinfection markers. RESULTS Overall, seroprevalence was low when a highly specific cutoff was used (K8.1, 1.6%; ORF73, 1.5%) but was higher when a less-specific cutoff was used (K8.1, 7.1%; ORF73, 7.4%). When the more-specific approach was used, K8.1 seroprevalence was similar in men and women. Men who have sex with men (MSM) had a higher K8.1 seroprevalence (8.2%). Among other men, K8.1 seroprevalence was marginally associated with duration of heterosexual activity (P=.1) and was positively associated with the lifetime number of sex partners (P=.04) and with coinfections with hepatitis B virus (6.1% vs. 1.2% without coinfection; P<.001) and herpes simplex virus 2 (2.7% vs. 1.0%; P=.003). Among women, K8.1 seroprevalence was not significantly related to duration of sexual activity, the lifetime number of sex partners, or viral coinfections. The ORF73 EIA revealed similar but less clear-cut patterns. CONCLUSIONS Among men, HHV-8 transmission may occur through sexual activity, particularly sex with other men. No evidence was observed for heterosexual transmission to women.
Bootstrapping Statistical Processing into a Rule-Based Natural Language Parser

This paper describes a "bootstrapping" method which uses a broad-coverage, rule-based parser to compute probabilities while parsing an untagged corpus of NL text, and which then incorporates those probabilities into the processing of the same parser as it analyzes new text. Results are reported which show that this method can significantly improve the speed and accuracy of the parser without requiring the use of annotated corpora or human-supervised training during the computation of probabilities.
Weighted Execution Profiles for Software Testing

Existing execution profiles comprise information about the execution of program elements such as statements, branches, and def-use pairs. They lack any information about what elements are potentially more relevant to failure than others, such information could be leveraged to compute dissimilarity metrics that discriminate better between failing and passing profiles, which is beneficial to software testing. In this work, we explore three heuristics from which we will derive weights to be associated with the covered program elements such that higher weights indicate more potential relevance to failure. We evaluate our heuristics by measuring their impact on an established test suite minimization technique. Our experiments showed somewhat promising results.
Growth and Grazing Kinetics of the Facultative Anaerobic Nanoflagellate, Suigetsumonas clinomigrationis

The functional and numerical responses of the facultative anaerobic heterotrophic nanoflagellate, Suigetsumonas clinomigrationis NIES-3647 to prey density were examined under oxic and anoxic conditions. S. clinomigrationis grew at temperatures between 10 and 30°C and in the salinity range of 3.9–36.9 psu. The maximum specific growth and ingestion rates of S. clinomigrationis were lower under anoxic conditions than under oxic conditions. Half-saturation constants for the growth of S. clinomigrationis were within or greater than the range of bacterial densities in the water column of Lake Suigetsu, suggesting that its growth rate is limited by bacterial prey densities in natural environments.
A Motion Planning of Swarm Robots Using Genetic Algorithm

In this paper, a potential-based genetic algorithm is proposed for formation control of robot swarm. The proposed algorithm consists of a global path planner and a motion planner. The global path planning algorithm searches a path, which the center of robot swarm should follow, within a Voronoi diagram of the free space. The motion planning is a genetic algorithm based on artificial potential models. The potential functions are used as a repulsion to keep robots away from obstacles and as an attraction/repulsion to keep robot swarm within a certain distance. With Voronoi diagram and potential models, the algorithm plans safe paths efficiently and the formation of robot swarm is also maintained.
ImageServer, a Tool for On-line Processing and Analysis of Biological Images

Abstract We present a novel tool for processing and analysis of images of gene expression patterns stored in a relational database. This tool, known as ImageServer, is portable across different software/hardware platforms and supports both basic and subject domain oriented operations on images. The tool is used to process and analyze images stored in FlyEx database (http://urchin.spbcas.ru/flyex); software and documentation are available for download from http://urchin.spbcas. ru/downloads/IS/IS.htm.
AN EXACT TEST AGAINST DECREASING MEAN TIME TO FAILURE CLASS ALTERNATIVES

The mean time to failure is a widely used concept to describe the reliability characteristic of a repairable system. In this paper, we develop a non-parametric method to test exponentiality against decreasing mean time to failure class. We derive the exact null distribution of the test statistic and then find the critical values for different sample sizes. Asymptotic properties of the proposed test statistic are studied. The test statistic is shown to be asymptotically normal and consistent against the alternatives. The Pitman’s asymptotic efficacy shows that our test performs better than the other tests available in the literature. We also discuss how does the proposed method take the censoring information into consideration. Some numerical results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the testing method. Finally, we illustrate the test procedure using two real data sets.
Chemical Basis of Hashish Activity

A sample of hashish was extracted consecutively with petroleum ether, benzene, and methanol. When tested intravenously in monkeys only the petroleum-ether fraction was active. This material was further fractionated. The only active compound isolated was Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol. Cannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabichromene, cannabigerol, and cannabicyclol when administered together with Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol do not cause a change in the activity of the latter, under the experimental conditions used. These results provide evidence that, except for Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol, no other major, psychotomimetically active compounds are present in hashish.
Design and Performance of Active Messages on the IBM SP-2

This technical report describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of Active Messages on the IBM SP-2. The implementation benchmarked here uses the standard TB2 network adapter firmware but does not use any IBM software on the Power2 processor. We assume familiarity with the concepts underlying Active Messages. The main performance characteristics are a one-word message round-trip time of 51.0 $\mu$s and an asymptotic network bandwidth of 34.3 MB/s. After presenting selected implementation details, the paper focuses on detailed performance analysis, including a comparison with IBM''s Message Passing Layer (MPL) and Split-C benchmarks.
Reptor: Enabling API Virtualization on Android for Platform Openness

This paper proposes a new technique that enables open innovation in mobile platforms. Our technique allows third-party developers to modify, instrument, or extend platform API calls and deploy their modifications seamlessly. The uniqueness of our technique is that it enables modifications completely at the app layer without requiring any platform-level changes. This allows practical openness---third parties can easily distribute their modifications for a platform without the need to update the entire platform. To demonstrate the benefits of our technique, we have developed a prototype on Android called Reptor and used it to instrument real-world apps with novel functionality. Our evaluation in realistic scenarios shows that Reptor has little overhead in performance and energy, and only modest overhead in memory usage that ranges from 0.6% to 10% for the observed worst cases.
Telomere shortening and metabolic compromise underlie dystrophic cardiomyopathy

Significance We have found that long telomeres protect mice from genetic cardiac diseases analogous to those found in humans, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Mice lacking dystrophin, similar to patients with DMD, exhibit only mild disease. In contrast, mice that lack dystrophin and have “humanized” telomere lengths (mdx4cv/mTRG2) fully manifest both the severe human skeletal muscle wasting and cardiac failure typical of DMD. Remarkably, telomere shortening accompanies cardiac development even after cardiomyocyte division has ceased. This chronic proliferation-independent shortening in dystrophin-deficient cardiomyocytes is associated with induction of a DNA damage response, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, and metabolic failure. Our findings highlight an interplay between telomere length and mitochondrial homeostasis in the etiology of dystrophic heart failure. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an incurable X-linked genetic disease that is caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene and affects one in every 3,600 boys. We previously showed that long telomeres protect mice from the lethal cardiac disease seen in humans with the same genetic defect, dystrophin deficiency. By generating the mdx4cv/mTRG2 mouse model with “humanized” telomere lengths, the devastating dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype seen in patients with DMD was recapitulated. Here, we analyze the degenerative sequelae that culminate in heart failure and death in this mouse model. We report progressive telomere shortening in developing mouse cardiomyocytes after postnatal week 1, a time when the cells are no longer dividing. This proliferation-independent telomere shortening is accompanied by an induction of a DNA damage response, evident by p53 activation and increased expression of its target gene p21 in isolated cardiomyocytes. The consequent repression of Pgc1α/β leads to impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, which, in conjunction with the high demands of contraction, leads to increased oxidative stress and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. As a result, cardiomyocyte respiration and ATP output are severely compromised. Importantly, treatment with a mitochondrial-specific antioxidant before the onset of cardiac dysfunction rescues the metabolic defects. These findings provide evidence for a link between short telomere length and metabolic compromise in the etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy in DMD and identify a window of opportunity for preventive interventions.
Microfabrication of Si3N4-polyimide membrane for thermo-pneumatic actuator

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the fabrication technology and test of thermo-pneumatic actuator utilizing Si3N4-polyimide thin film membrane. Thin film polyimide membrane capped with Si3N4 thin layer is used as actuator membrane which is able to deform through thermal forces inside an isolated chamber. The fabricated membrane will be suitable for thermo-pneumatic-based membrane actuation for lab-on-chip application. Design/methodology/approach – The actuator device consisting of a micro-heater, a Si-based micro-chamber and a heat-sensitive square-shaped membrane is fabricated using surface and bulk-micromachining process, with an additional adhesive bonding process. The polyimide membrane is capped with a thin silicon nitride layer that is fabricated by using etch stop technique and spin coating. Findings – The deformation property of the membrane depend on the volumetric expansion of air particles in the heat chamber as a result of temperature increase generated from the micro-heater i.
An Attachable ECG Sensor Bandage with Planar-Fashionable Circuit Board

An attachable ECG sensor adhesive bandage is implemented for continuous ECG monitoring system by using Planar-Fashionable Circuit Board (P-FCB) technology. The sensor patch improves convenience at low cost: it is composed of dry electrodes and an inductor directly screen printed on fabric, and the sensor chip is also directly wire bonded on fabric. The sensor patch is wirelessly powered to remove battery for safety. Dry electrodes minimize skin irritation to enable long term monitoring. The implemented sensor patch successfully demonstrates capturing of ECG signal while dissipating only 12uW power.
Real Estate Lease-Backed

A recent innovation in real estate finance has been the issuance of securities backed by real estate leases. With loan-to-value ratios > 100% and debt service coverage ratios ~ 1.00, this new instrument holds considerable appeal for borrowers. An examination of this emerging market, known as lease-backed securities, is performed to determine the underlying reasons for its existence and assess the potential for its future growth. Real estate leasing market structure may explain the emergence of real estate lease-backed securities (LBS). We explore the financing and investment merits of LBS and compare LBS to traditional financing techniques. In addition, the thesis analyzes structural, legal, rating, and other issues relevant to LBS. LBS provide a link between the capital and property leasing markets that did not previously exist. While LBS issued to date have involved single tenant properties, the LBS market may grow to encompass leases on multi-tenant and foreign properties. Major issues for multi-tenant and foreign LBS are identified and discussed. Experiments are performed, to measure the economic impact of the rent review feature standard in many British leases, by simulating a market where spot lease prices evolve stochastically. We find that the rent review feature has significant economic value. Our analysis of foreign markets suggests that property rights and securities law foster or inhibits the development of financial instruments such as LBS. THESIS SUPERVISOR: Timothy J. Riddiough TITLE: Assistant Professor of Real Estate Finance REAL ESTATE LEASE-BACKED SECURITIES TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Number Topic page
Developing PbSe/PbS core-shell nanocrystals quantum dots toward their potential heterojunction applications

We report in this article the epitaxial growth of PbS shells over PbSe nanocrystal quantum dots (NQDs) with monolayer-precision. The core-shell infrared NQDs were ligand-exchanged with short-chain octylamine, and the photoluminescence efficiency of the surface-engineered core-shell nanoparticles was substantially higher than that of the plain-core structures undergoing the same surface processing, which reveals less ligand-dependence and enhanced chemical robustness in the core-shell NQDs. The reported results could potentially open up the possibility of incorporating semiconductor infrared NQDs in the silicon matrix to develop all-inorganic light emitting heterojunctions on silicon substrates.