Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attaching sub-links on linear actuators of wearable robots for payload increase

A wearable robot with linear actuators is required to maintain over the desired payload over whole range of knee joint angle even when the user is walking, sitting down/standing up while holding up weights. However, in knee-flexion posture, the lifting payload at the knee joint decreases drastically by the moment arm of linear actuators and the cosine of joint angle. In order to solve the problem of the payload decrease, the sub-links attaching on actuators and the sub-link with shank bending method are proposed. As the result, two methods are successfully proved to increase the payload by simulation.
Statistical library characterization using belief propagation across multiple technology nodes

In this paper, we propose a novel flow to enable computationally efficient statistical characterization of delay and slew in standard cell libraries. The distinguishing feature of the proposed method is the usage of a limited combination of output capacitance, input slew rate and supply voltage for the extraction of statistical timing metrics of an individual logic gate. The efficiency of the proposed flow stems from the introduction of a novel, ultra-compact, nonlinear, analytical timing model, having only four universal regression parameters. This novel model facilitates the use of maximum-a-posteriori belief propagation to learn the prior parameter distribution for the parameters of the target technology from past characterizations of library cells belonging to various other technologies, including older ones. The framework then utilises Bayesian inference to extract the new timing model parameters using an ultra-small set of additional timing measurements from the target technology. The proposed method is validated and benchmarked on several production-level cell libraries including a state-of-the-art 14-nm technology node and a variation-aware, compact transistor model. For the same accuracy as the conventional lookup-table approach, this new method achieves at least 15x reduction in simulation runs.
The 21-cm signature of early relic H ii regions

We calculate the spin temperature and 21-cm brightness of early H ii regions around the first stars. We use outputs from cosmological radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of the formation and evolution of early H ii regions. In the pre-re-ionization era, H ii regions around massive primordial stars have diameters of a few kpc. The gas within the H ii regions is almost fully ionized, but begins recombining after the central stars die off. The relic H ii regions are then seen as bright emission sources in hydrogen 21 cm. We make brightness temperature maps of the H ii regions, accounting for radiative coupling with Lyman α photons in a simplified manner. The spin temperature in the relic H ii region is close to the gas kinetic temperature, generally several hundred to several thousand degrees. We show that the relic H ii region can be as bright as δTb∼ 100 mK in differential temperature against the cosmic microwave background for an angular resolution of subarcseconds. While individual early H ii patches will not be identified by currently planned radio telescopes, the collective fluctuations from early H ii regions might imprint signatures in the 21-cm background.
Collective Epithelial and Mesenchymal Cell Migration During Gastrulation

Gastrulation, the process that puts the three major germlayers, the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm in their correct topological position in the developing embryo, is characterised by extensive highly organised collective cell migration of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. We discuss current knowledge and insights in the mechanisms controlling these cell behaviours during gastrulation in the chick embryo. We discuss several ideas that have been proposed to explain the observed large scale vortex movements of epithelial cells in the epiblast during formation of the primitive streak. We review current insights in the control and execution of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) underlying the formation of the hypoblast and the ingression of the mesendoderm cells through the streak. We discuss the mechanisms by which the mesendoderm cells move, the nature and dynamics of the signals that guide these movements, as well as the interplay between signalling and movement that result in tissue patterning and morphogenesis. We argue that instructive cell-cell signaling and directed chemotactic movement responses to these signals are instrumental in the execution of all phases of gastrulation.
Making reconnections in agro-food geography: alternative systems of food provision

This article reviews recent research into alternative systems of food provision. It considers, first, what the concept of`alternativeness' might mean, based on recent discussions in economic geography. Informed by this, it discusses food relocalization and the turn to `quality' food production, arguing that both are `weaker' alternative systems of food provision because of their emphasis on food. It then examines some `stronger' alternative systems of food provision, which emphasize the networks through which food passes. Lastly, the paper reflects on the concept of alternativeness in the context of food supply chains, and suggests some possible directions for future research.
An intelligent protocol to channel assignment in wireless sensor networks: Learning automata approach

The optimal consumption of energy is one of the most important aims in Wireless sensor networks. Among influential factors in reducing the energy consumption ratio, we can mention intelligent allocation of channel to node and sending the data with the least rate of interference with other nodes. The successful execution of this act by MAC sub-layer depends on determining optimal values for factors such as percentage of duty cycle, random time to retest the channel an etc. Duty cycle, defined as the ratio of listening period to total period of listening and sleeping, is of great importance as the parameter of regulating node sleeping and listening time for ideal consumption of energy. There is presented an algorithm based on learning automat, called LA-MAC, which tries to reduce energy consumption by regulating optimally the duty cycle value, thereby increasing the lifetime of network. In this algorithm, each node is equipped with a learning automat which determines the value of duty cycle in terms of residual energy and preconfigured lifetime. The results of simulation in the environment of NS simulator confirm the efficiency of LA-MAC from four factors of the death time of the first node, end-to-end delay, average network lifetime and the number of survived nodes at the end of simulation, performed in two different scenarios while compared with A-MAC and S-MAC with various duty cycles.
The Effect Of Mastery Learning On Affective Characteristics Of Students A Quantitative Research Synthesis

Many experimental researches have been conducted until recent years to see the effect of mastery learning approach on students’ cognitive behavior and affective characteristics. But the question is how much evidence is there in the existing research results provides scientific conclusions by combining existing experimental results. By treating different experiments of mastery learning as research replications, the experimental results can be combined using a meta-analysis technique. This paper shows how a quantitative research synthesis can effectively be used to combine statistical evidences of researches conducted separately and independently. The effect of mastery learning on affective characteristics of students was selected for this research synthesis. The mastery learning approach to be investigated in this research synthesis is Bloom type of mastery learning strategy. Using 26 independent comparisons, the results of study show that: a) the effect sizes of mastery learning on affective characteristics of students are heterogeneous across studies, b) the source of study, either from dissertation or journal article, does not explain the variability among the effect sizes, c) mastery learning programs using a ≥ 75% mastery criterion seem to have positive affective impact on the students, while those using < 75 % mastery criterion have no impact on the affective characteristics of students, d) the mean effect size shows a decreasing trend as the level of education increases, e) the mean effect size is highly positive for mathematics class and low positive effect for science and social studies, and f) short treatment duration has a much larger positive effect size than the long term treatment duration. DOI: 10.15408/tazkiya.v20i2. 9176
Stochastic models for convective momentum transport

The improved parameterization of unresolved features of tropical convection is a central challenge in current computer models for long-range ensemble forecasting of weather and short-term climate change. Observations, theory, and detailed smaller-scale numerical simulations suggest that convective momentum transport (CMT) from the unresolved scales to the resolved scales is one of the major deficiencies in contemporary computer models. Here, a combination of mathematical and physical reasoning is utilized to build simple stochastic models that capture the significant intermittent upscale transports of CMT on the large scales due to organized unresolved convection from squall lines. Properties of the stochastic model for CMT are developed below in a test column model environment for the large-scale variables. The effects of CMT from the stochastic model on a large-scale convectively coupled wave in an idealized setting are presented below as a nontrivial test problem. Here, the upscale transports from stochastic effects are significant and even generate a large-scale mean flow which can interact with the convectively coupled wave.
A novel approach to delay-fault diagnosis

The authors discuss possibilities of delay fault diagnosis based on fault simulation. They detail the proposed approach based on critical path tracing. A path tracing process is presented with information provided by a logic simulation. Due to the limitations induced by such a simulation, a reliable approach is described based on a six-valued logic simulation. It requires no delay size based fault models and considers only the fault-free circuit. This method is an alternative to fault simulation based approaches and provides perfectly reliable results. It does not require timing evaluations and can be very accurate. <<ETX>>
Practical Reasoning in RACER with a Concrete Domain for Linear Inequations

We introduce the very expressive description logic ALCQHIR+(D) providing a limited support for concrete domains. The description logic system Racer supports TBox and ABox reasoning for ALCQHIR+(D) using a default concrete domain for linear inequations. The adaptation of several important optimization techniques is presented. We conclude the paper with a first proposal for extending ALCQHIR+(D) by a restricted form of feature chains.
Support region estimation in biological images

We describe a series of experiments relating to patch size selection in a challenging dataset of coral reef images and show that we can achieve significant performance increase over the naive strategy of selecting a fixed patch size. Many computer vision methodologies use the bag of visual words representation of image objects. This is true, in particular, for the state of the art texture recognition frameworks. When applying these methods to recognition and segmentation of natural images, the issue of support region selection becomes crucial. We perform a series of experiments and conclude that the best strategy is to feed information aggregated over multiple support regions into a standard supervised machine learning technique.
Characterization of GMP-140 (P-selectin) as a circulating plasma protein

GMP-140 is a 140-kD granule membrane protein, found in the alpha granules of platelets and the Weibel-Palade bodies of endothelial cells, that is surface expressed on cell activation and mediates neutrophil attachment. Cloning data for GMP-140 from an endothelial library predict a soluble form of the protein, the transcription message for which is also found in platelets. In this study, we report the detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of soluble GMP-140 in plasma centrifuged for 3 h at 100,000 g (to remove platelet microparticles) and confirm its identity by purification from plasma. Plasma concentrations were found to be 0.251 +/- 0.043 micrograms/ml (means +/- SD, n = 10) in normal male controls and 0.175 +/- 0.063 micrograms/ml (means +/- SD, n = 10) in normal female controls. The purified protein had an identical molecular mass (nonreduced) to platelet membrane GMP-140 (approximately 3 kD lower, reduced) and was immunoblotted by polyclonal anti-GMP-140, and the anti-GMP-140 monoclonal antibodies AK4 and AK6. Analytical gel filtration studies indicated that the plasma GMP-140 eluted as a monomer whereas detergent- free, platelet membrane GMP-140 eluted as a tetramer consistent with plasma GMP-140 lacking a transmembrane domain. Purified plasma GMP-140 bound to the same neutrophil receptor as the membrane-bound form, and when immobilized on plastic, bound neutrophils equivalently to immobilized platelet membrane GMP-140. Since it has been shown that fluid-phase GMP-140 is antiinflammatory and downregulates CD18- dependent neutrophil adhesion and respiratory burst, its presence in plasma may be of major importance in preventing the inadvertent activation of neutrophils in the circulation.
The Dynamic of Gender Role Conflict of Pastors’ Husbands at Batak Karo Protestant Church

Abstract Gender inequality often relates more to women, causing gender role conflict in men to be somewhat overlooked. This study aims to describe the dynamic of gender role conflict among pastors’ husbands at the Batak Karo Protestant Church. We were encouraged to conduct this research due to the large negative effects of gender role conflicts despite the limited number of studies on the matter. There were three male participants involved, namely TA, SE and BS. These participants fulfilled the sample criteria:1)Having been married for at least one year;2) Having at least one daughter or son; 3)A native of Karo tribe; and 4) Having been a congregation at Batak Karo Protestant Church since childhood.We used a qualitative method with a phenomenology approach, in which the interview results were analyzed using the hermeneutic method. The results show that gender role conflict of pastors’ husbands are caused by gender role socialization since childhood, patriarchal culture embraced by the Karo tribe, masculine ideology and gender role transition that caused husbands to practice contradictive gender roles. The need for more qualitative studies regarding this topic is highlighted. Keywords: gender role conflict, Batak culture, and Pastors’ husbands
Efficient and effective methodologies for exploring and prediction movement patterns in large networks

In the era of Big Data the prevalence of networks of all kinds has grown dramatically, and analysing (mining) such networks to support decision-making processes has become an extremely important subject for research, typically with a view to some social and/or economic gain. This thesis describes research work within the theme of Movement Pattern Mining (MPM) as applied to large network data. MPM is a type of frequent pattern mining that provides observation into how information is exchanged between objects in large networks. In the context of the work described in this thesis, the focus is on how the concept of Movement Patterns (MPs) can be extracted from large networks efficiently and effectively, and how such movement patterns can best be utilised so as to predict future movement. The work describes how, by utilising big data facilities like Share/Distribute Memory Systems and Hadoop/MapReduce, novel data mining based techniques can be used, not only to extract MPs from large networks, but also how they can be utilised for prediction purposes. To this end, the works in this thesis are divided into two parts. The first part is concerned with an investigation of an efficient mechanism for MPM. The second part is concerned with the utilisation of the extracted MPs in the context of prediction. For evaluation purposes, two large network datasets were used: The Great Britain Cattle Tracking System database and the Jiayuan Social Network. The evaluation indicates that an efficient and effective mechanism for identifying and extracting MPs form large networks, and subsequently using then MPs for prediction purposes, has been established.
Ontology alignment using approximate reasoning and background knowledge

The semantic web is considered as a successor of the classical World Wide Web. It tries to solve several problems of the present web. First, it intends to strengthen the interoperability of information from different data sources. Second, the information should not be dependant on the different ways to represent it, but on its meaning only. It highly anticipates the possibility, that different identifiers may actually point to the same entity. These improvements should make it possible to offer different information services to the end users, among which the reasoning service has the central role. By reasoning, the system can draw conclusions from the information it contains. Representing knowledge instead of information makes the difference that in the knowledge there is a hidden implicit information, which is not explicitely stated. Using the reasoning services one can make such information explicit. Simple such scenario, would be the relatives relationship among people. If John is a son of Michel, and Michel is a son of Nick, the reasoning engine will be able to infer that John is a grandson of Nick.
Effect of Hash Collisions on the Performance of LAN Switching Devices and Networks

Hash tables are often used in LAN switching devices for MAC address lookup. The lookup is a central function, which significantly affects performance of such devices and their networks. Along with desirable reductions in cost and resource usage, hashing is accompanied by hash collisions, which result in decreased hash table capacity and inefficient bandwidth usage. This paper shows the effect of hash collisions on the performance of LAN switching devices, using calculations and empirical data for six devices from different vendors. Test results demonstrate that the ability to store addresses in a hash table greatly depends on address distribution and the hash function used. For all devices a significantly reduced table capacity was observed for random addresses, compared to sequential addresses. In some cases, hash table performance in real networks can be improved by implementing hash functions optimized for the particular address distribution. Where it is possible, address lookup can be performed using other technologies, such as content addressable memory or binary search
Kernel Expansion for Online Preference Tracking

User preferences of music genres can significantly changes over time depending on fashions and the personal situation of music consumers. We propose a model to learn user preferences and their changes in an adaptive way. Our approach refines a model for user preferences by explicitly considering two plausible constraints of computational costs and limited storage space. The model is required to adapt itself to changing data distributions, and yet be able to compress “historical” data. We exploit the success of kernel SVM, and we consider an online expansion of the induced space as a preprocessing step to a simple linear online learner that updates with maximal agreement to previously seen data.
Long range integrable oscillator chains from quantum algebras

Completely integrable Hamiltonians defining classical mechanical systems of $N$ coupled oscillators are obtained from Poisson realizations of Heisenberg--Weyl, harmonic oscillator and $sl(2,\R)$ coalgebras. Various completely integrable deformations of such systems are constructed by considering quantum deformations of these algebras. Explicit expressions for all the deformed Hamiltonians and constants of motion are given, and the long-range nature of the interactions is shown to be linked to the underlying coalgebra structure. The relationship between oscillator systems induced from the $sl(2,\R)$ coalgebra and angular momentum chains is presented, and a non-standard integrable deformation of the hyperbolic Gaudin system is obtained.
AVIVAVOZ : TECNOLOGÍAS PARA LA TRADUCCIÓN DE VOZ

AVIVAVOZ es un proyecto de tres años dirigido a la investigación avanzada en todas las tecnologías clave que intervienen en un sistema de traducción de voz (reconocimiento, traducción y síntesis de voz). El objetivo del proyecto es lograr avances reales en todos los componentes de un sistema de traducción de voz para alcanzar sistemas de intermediación oral entre personas en las lenguas oficiales del estado español (castellano, catalán, euskera y gallego) entre sí y entre el castellano y el inglés. El proyecto aborda el avance y la integración de las tres tecnologías implicadas. En reconocimiento de voz se desarrollará un sistema robusto, en un dominio amplio de aplicación (noticias de radiotelevisión y sesiones parlamentarias) y gran vocabulario. En traducción se avanzará en el desarrollo de técnicas estadísticas de traducción incluyendo la incorporación de distintas fuentes de conocimiento lingüístico (detección de eventos, análisis sintáctico y semántico). En síntesis de voz se generarán nuevos modelos acústicos y prosódicos para generar voz expresiva. La interacción e integración entre las tres tecnologías constituye el cuarto de los problemas abordados en este proyecto. Las tecnologías desarrolladas en el proyecto participarán en campañas de evaluación competitivas internacionales y los avances científicos y tecnológicos se mostrarán mediante un demostrador de doblaje automático de informativos y de discursos parlamentarios.
Female and male antisocial trajectories: From childhood origins to adult outcomes

Abstract This article reports on the childhood origins and adult outcomes of female versus male antisocial behavior trajectories in the Dunedin longitudinal study. Four antisocial behavior trajectory groups were identified among females and males using general growth mixture modeling and included life-course persistent (LCP), adolescent-onset, childhood-limited, and low trajectory groups. During childhood, both LCP females and males were characterized by social, familial and neurodevelopmental risk factors, whereas those on the adolescent-onset pathway were not. At age 32, women and men on the LCP pathway were engaging in serious violence and experiencing significant mental health, physical health, and economic problems. Females and males on the adolescent-onset pathway were also experiencing difficulties at age 32, although to a lesser extent. Although more males than females followed the LCP trajectory, findings support similarities across gender with respect to developmental trajectories of antisocial behavior and their associated childhood origins and adult consequences. Implications for theory, research, and practice are discussed.
Toward an automatic extraction of the road network by local interpretation of the scene

This paper deals with the automatic detection of road network from aerial images. Our approach can be characterised by a two-level processing: firstly, a low-level knowledge is used to extract most of the roads, then semantic information is applied to solve interpretation problems. As we aim to implement this system in a production framework, we have been very careful about the reliability of the result. According to this objective, an incomplete but very reliable network is better than a complete one but that contains also many misdetections. The results are rather fair: we can assess that more than 60% of the road network could be automatically extracted. Nevertheless, some cases will still require a human interpretation or the help of complementary data because of the complexity of some problems.