Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Static and Dynamic Analysis of Shallow Shells with Functionally Graded and Orthotropic Material Properties

The first-order shear deformation theory is used for description of shear deformable shallow shells with orthotropic material properties and continuously varying material properties through the shell thickness. Static and dynamic loads are considered here. For transient elastodynamic cases the Laplace-transform is used to eliminate the time dependence of the field variables. The first-order shear deformation theory reduces the original three-dimensional (3-D) problem into a two-dimensional (2-D) one. A meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) formulation is applied to solve the 2-D problem. A weak formulation with a unit test function transforms the set of governing equations into local integral equations on local subdomains in the basic plane of the shell. Nodal points are randomly spread in that domain and each node is surrounded by a circular subdomain to which local integral equations are applied. The meshless approximation based on the Moving Least-Squares (MLS) method is employed for the implementation. The unknown Laplace-transformed quantities are computed from the local boundary-domain integral equations. The time-dependent values are obtained by the Stehfest's inversion technique.
Improved spectral performance of Fourier transform interferometer utilizing slow light medium

We experimentally demonstrate that the spectral resolution of Fourier transform interferometer could be greatly enhanced by utilizing the dispersive property of semiconductor GaAs in the near infrared region and it is inversely proportional to the maximum group delay time that can be achieved in the system. The spectral resolution could be increased 6 times approximately by using GaAs contrast with conventional FT interferometer under the same conditions.
On the non-vanishing of the central value of certain $L$-functions: unitary groups

Let $\pi$ be an irreducible cuspidal automorphic representation of a quasi-split unitary group ${\rm U}_{\mathfrak n}$ defined over a number field $F$. Under the assumption that $\pi$ has a generic global Arthur parameter, we establish the non-vanishing of the central value of $L$-functions, $L(\frac{1}{2},\pi\times\chi)$, with a certain automorphic character $\chi$ of ${\rm U}_1$, for the case of ${\mathfrak n}=2,3,4$, and for the general ${\mathfrak n}\geq 5$ by assuming a conjecture on certain refined properties of global Arthur packets. In consequence, we obtain some simultaneous non-vanishing results for the central $L$-values by means of the theory of endoscopy.
Visible electroluminescence from porous silicon

It is demonstrated that photoluminescent porous Si (PS) layers exhibit definitely visible electroluminescence (EL). The PS layers were formed by anodization of single‐crystal nondegenerate p‐type Si wafers in an HF solution. The experimental EL cells are of the form semitransparent metal/PS layer/p‐type Si/Al electrode. These cells show a rectifying junction behavior. When the forward current density reaches a certain value, stable visible (orange) light is uniformly emitted through a semitransparent electrode. A possible explanation of this is the radiative transition due to electron and hole injection into quantized states in PS.
Typical crosscorrelation between two eyes found in fluctuation of accommodation but not in aberrations

We investigated time series of measurements of accommodation and monochromatic wave aberrations (WA) for both eyes. We measured WA for both eyes using an open-view binocular Shack Hartmann wavefront sensor. A landscape picture was presented at the far point of each subject. Two normal subjects in their thirties and a presbyopic subject were measured. We didn't find strong crosscorrelations between any two Zernike modes in one eye and in the same Zernike mode between two eyes; however strong crosscorrelations were found in the accommodation of normal subjects.
Analysis and convergence of the MAC scheme. I : The linear problem

The MAC (Marker and Cell) discretization of fluid flow is analysed for the stationary Stokes equations. It is proved that the discrete approximations do in fact converge to the exact solutions of the flow equations. Estimates using mesh dependent norms analogous to the standard ${\bf H}^1 $ and $L^2 $ norms are given for the velocity and pressure, respectively.
Random association of symmetric arrays

A study is made of the asymptotic behaviour of quantities of the form , where π is randomly chosen from the uniform distribution over the set of permutations of . U can always be decomposed into the sum of two uncorrelated parts, one degenerate and the other non-degenerate. When the non-degeneratepart dominates asymptotically, the limit law for U is typically nonn.al. When the degenerate part dominates, the limit law is sometimes normal and sometimes a quadratic form in correlated normal variables. Applications to random vertex colourings of graphs are discussed
Single bump, two-color quantum dot camera

The authors report a two-color, colocated quantum dot based imaging system used to take multicolor images using a single focal plane array (FPA). The dots-in-a-well (DWELL) detectors consist of an active region composed of InAs quantum dots embedded in In.15Ga. 85As quantum wells. DWELL samples were grown using molecular beam epitaxy and fabricated into 320×256 focal plane arrays with indium bumps. The FPA was then hybridized to an Indigo ISC9705 readout circuit and tested. Calibrated blackbody measurements at a device temperature of 77K yield midwave infrared and long wave infrared noise equivalent difference in temperature of ∼55 and 70mK.
Inpatient Care Service Experience Among Adult Patients Admitted to Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: Institution-Based Qualitative Study

Acknowledging patients' experience with the care delivered in healthcare settings is crucial in ensuring the quality of healthcare service delivery. In Ethiopia, qualitative evidence of patients’ experience with inpatient care services is limited. This study aimed to explore the experience of inpatient care service among adult patients admitted to Arba Minch General hospital, Southern Ethiopia from April 05-28, 2020. An institution-based qualitative approach was carried out among adult patients discharged from the study hospital. Thirty-one in-depth interviews using a semi-structured interview guide were conducted and audio-recorded data were transcribed verbatim and translated into English. Data were coded, sorted, and themes were developed manually based on the thematic analysis. This study showed that kindness, respecting appointments, and treatment outcomes were the positive experiences highlighted by study participants. Participants reported a lack of drinking water, unpleasant toilet hygiene, lack of bedsheets, and absence of drugs as negative experiences. Therefore, the hospital administration should work on improving the problems mentioned by the participants of this study.
Radio burst characteristics of solar proton flares

To isolate the properties of solar radio bursts indicative of energetic (E>20 MeV) proton acceleration, we compare several groups of solar bursts. Intense centimetric bursts and metric type II bursts associated with solar flares at magnetically well-connected longitudes, but not resulting in detected prompt proton events, are compared with the radio bursts of proton flares. The type II bursts not associated with proton flares are distinguished from those of proton flares by their short durations, associations with small H.cap alpha. flares, and lack of associated type IV metric bursts. We find that, contrary to the claim of Svestka and Fritzova-Svestkova, the appearance of a type II burst, indicating a coronal shock, is not a sufficient condition for the occurrence of an interplanetary proton event. We further conclude that interplanetary energetic protons are not significantly produced in most type II burst shocks. The centimetric bursts were examined in detail using records from the Sagamore Hill Observatory. The distinguishing difference between the proton and nonproton centimetric bursts is that the proton-event burst durations ranged from 1 minute to 1 hour, but the burst durations of nonproton flares were less than 10 minutes. We argue that energetic electrons produced in postflare loop systemsmore » are the sources of the stationary metric and decimetric type IV bursts associated with proton flares. « less
A Fourth-Order-Centered Finite-Volume Scheme for Regular Hexagonal Grids

Abstract Fourth-order-centered operators on regular hexagonal grids with the ZM-grid arrangement are described. The finite-volume method is used and operators are defined at hexagonal cell centers. The gradient operator is calculated from 12 surrounding cell center scalars. The divergence operator is defined from 12 surrounding cell corner vectors. A linear combination of local or interpolated values generates cell corner values used to calculate the operators. The flux-divergence operator applies the same cell corner values as those used in the gradient and divergence operators. The fourth-order convergence of the gradient and divergence operators is obtained in numerical tests using sufficiently smooth and differentiable test functions. The flux-divergence operator is formally second-order accurate. However, the results from a cone advection test show that the flux-divergence operator performs better than a commonly used second-order flux-divergence operator. Numerical dispersion and phase error are sma.
Simultaneous Gaussian quadrature for Angelesco systems

We investigate simultaneous Gaussian quadrature for two integrals of the same function $f$ but on two disjoint intervals. The quadrature nodes are zeros of a type II multiple orthogonal polynomial for an Angelesco system. We recall some known results for the quadrature nodes and the quadrature weights and prove some new results about the convergence of the quadrature formulas. Furthermore we give some estimates of the quadrature weights. Our results are based on a vector equilibrium problem in potential theory and weighted polynomial approximation.
Finiteness of Nichols Algebras and Nichols (Braided) Lie Algebras

It is shown that if $\mathfrak B(V) $ is connected Nichols algebra of diagonal type with $\dim V>1$, then $\dim (\mathfrak L^-(V)) = \infty$ $($resp. $ \dim (\mathfrak L(V)) = \infty $$)$ $($ resp. $ \dim (\mathfrak B(V)) = \infty $$)$ if and only if $\Delta(\mathfrak B(V)) $ is an arithmetic root system and the quantum numbers (i.e. the fixed parameters) of generalized Dynkin diagrams of $V$ are of finite order. Sufficient and necessary conditions for $m$-fold adjoint action in $\mathfrak B(V)$ equal to zero, viz. $\overline{l}_{x_{i}}^{m}[x_{j}]^ -=0$ for $x_i,~x_j\in \mathfrak B(V)$, are given.
A PAM method for computing Wasserstein barycenter with unknown supports in D2-clustering

A Wasserstein barycenter is the centroid of a collection of discrete probability distributions that minimizes the average of the $\ell_2$-Wasserstein distance. This paper concerns with the computation of a Wasserstein barycenter under the case where the support points are not pre-specified, which is known to be a severe bottleneck in the D2-clustering due to the large-scale and nonconvexity. We develop a proximal alternating minimization (PAM) method for computing an approximate Wasserstein barycenter, and provide its global convergence analysis. This method can achieve a good accuracy at a reduced computational cost when the unknown support points of the barycenter have low cardinality. Numerical comparisons with the existing representative method on synthetic and real data show that our method can yield a little better objective values within much less computing time, and the computed approximate barycenter renders a better role in the D2-clustering.
On the index of elliptic operators on manifolds with edges

Necessary and sufficient conditions for the representation of the index of elliptic operators on manifolds with edges in the form of the sum of homotopy invariants of symbols on the smooth stratum and on the edge are found. An index formula is obtained for elliptic operators on manifolds with edges under symmetry conditions with respect to the edge covariables.
Iron stores in steady‐state sickle cell disease children accessing care at a sickle cell disease clinic in Kumasi, Ghana: A cross‐sectional study

Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) have an increased risk of multiple hemotransfusions and this can predispose them to elevated iron stores. The objectives of the study were to determine the extent of elevated iron stores and the associated risk factors in a population of steady‐state SCD children in Ghana.
Traveling Waves for a Microscopic Model of Traffic Flow

We consider the follow-the-leader model for traffic flow. The position of each car $z_i(t)$ satisfies an ordinary differential equation, whose speed depends only on the relative position $z_{i+1}(t)$ of the car ahead. Each car perceives a local density $\rho_i(t)$. We study a discrete traveling wave profile $W(x)$ along which the trajectory $(\rho_i(t),z_i(t))$ traces such that $W(z_i(t))=\rho_i(t)$ for all $i$ and $t>0$; see definition 2.2. We derive a delay differential equation satisfied by such profiles. Existence and uniqueness of solutions are proved, for the two-point boundary value problem where the car densities at $x\to\pm\infty$ are given. Furthermore, we show that such profiles are locally stable, attracting nearby monotone solutions of the follow-the-leader model.
Radii of starlikeness and convexity of regular Coulomb wave functions

In this paper our aim is to determine the radii of univalence, starlikeness and convexity of the normalized regular Coulomb wave functions for two different kinds of normalization. The key tools in the proof of our main results are the Mittag-Leffler expansion for regular Coulomb wave functions, and properties of zeros of the regular Coulomb wave functions and their derivatives. Moreover, by using the technique of differential subordinations we present some conditions on the parameters of the regular Coulomb wave function in order to have a starlike normalized form. In addition, by using the Euler-Rayleigh inequalities we obtain some tight bounds for the radii of starlikeness of the normalized regular Coulomb wave functions. Some open problems for the zeros of the regular Coulomb wave functions are also stated which may be of interest for further research.
The simple stochastic epidemic: a complete solution in terms of known functions

1. THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL The so-called 'simple stochastic epidemic' is a simplified epidemic model which involves infection but not recovery (see Bailey, 1950, 1957). It might well be applicable, for example, to the spread of a mild upper respiratory infection, at least in the preliminary stages of rapid spread before recovery or removal from circulation could occur. We suppose that initially, when the time t = 0, there is a group of n susceptibles and one infective. These are assumed to mix together homogeneously and randomly with contactrate ,l. This means that the chance of a contact, sufficient to transmit infection, in an interval At between any two specified individuals is fiAt. Let the probability that there are still r susceptibles uninfected at time t be pr(t). Thus the chance of one new infection in the whole group in an interval At is ,/r(n r + 1) At, since there are r susceptibles and n r + 1 infectives. If we change the time scale to r = fit, the chance becomes r(n r + 1) Ar. The basic differential-difference equations for the process are easily found to be
Random walk on a building of type $\tilde{A}_r$ and Brownian motion of the Weyl chamber

In this paper we study a random walk on an affine building of type $\tilde{A}_r$, whose radial part, when suitably normalized, converges to the Brownian motion of the Weyl chamber. This gives a new discrete approximation of this process, alternative to the one of Biane \cite{Bia2}. This extends also the link at the probabilistic level between Riemannian symmetric spaces of the noncompact type and their discrete counterpart, which had been previously discovered by Bougerol and Jeulin in rank one \cite{BJ}. The main ingredients of the proof are a combinatorial formula on the building and the estimate of the transition density proved in \cite{AST}.
Stochastic adaptive backstepping controller design by introducing dynamic signal and changing supply function

A more general class of stochastic non-linear systems with unmodelled dynamics and uncertain non-linear functions are considered in this paper. With the concept of ISpS being extended to stochastic case, by combining changing supply function technique with backstepping design technique, an adaptive output-feedback controller is proposed. It is shown that all the solutions of the closed-loop system are uniformly bounded in probability, and the output can be regulated to an arbitrarily small neighbourhood of the origin in probability. A simulation example demonstrates the control scheme.
Low-Cost Open-Source Robotic Platform for Education

This article describes an open-source robotic manipulator platform aimed at different levels of STEM education and popularization. It presents the hardware that was used to make a suitable low-cost low-weight manipulator and an evaluation of its capabilities, as well as the software components that were developed to make the platform accessible at different levels of education and in various usage scenarios. Finally, the results of a comprehensive user evaluation study spanning over several years are presented. The system was tested in several different educational scenarios, ranging from a summer school for primary-school students to a university-level course. The results of the study show that the introduction of the system into the educational process improves the motivation as well as the acquired knowledge of the participants.
A smooth-drive scheme for piezoelectric stage by coupling of stick-slip motion and inertial impact

Graphical abstract The piezoelectric stick-slip stage is very important in industrial manufacturing and precision machining. However, due to the stick-slip principle, it is inevitable to produce backward motion, which leads to a decrease in precision and efficiency. A novel smooth-drive scheme for piezoelectric stage is proposed by coupling stick-slip motion and inertial impact in this paper. In the coupling counteract phase, the sliding friction force of stick-slip driving mechanism (SDM) is counteract by the impact force of inertial impact driving mechanism (IDM), thus eliminating the backward motion and realizing the smooth driving of the stage. The feasibility of the stage is analyzed by theoretical calculation and transient dynamics simulation. In addition, the designed stage is fabricated and conducted a complete set of experimental tests. The external dimensions of the stage is 45 mm (L) × 24 mm (W) × 22 mm (H), and the mass is 84 g. Experimental results show that the piezoelectric stage can not only achieve smooth driving, but also actively adjust the output smoothness by adjusting the excitation voltage of PZT I and PZT II. The linear fitting correlation coefficient R2 of the displacement curve can reach above 0.999, and it still keeps good smoothness at 200 Hz. The maximum vertical mass load of the stage is 4 kg, which is about 47 times the mass of the stage, and the resolution of stick-slip state is about 85 nm. The scheme has positive reference value in the field of stable and accurate positioning.
Hyperbolic Cosine Latent Trait Models for Unfolding Direct Responses and Pairwise Preferences

The hyperbolic cosine unfolding model for direct responses of persons to individual stimuli is elabo rated in three ways. First, the parameter of the stimu lus, which reflects a region within which people located there are more likely to respond positively than negatively, is shown to be a property of the data and not arbitrary as first supposed. Second, the model is used to construct a related model for pairwise preferences. This model, for which joint maximum likelihood estimates are derived, satisfies strong sto chastic transitivity. Third, the role of substantive theory in evaluating the fit between the data and the models, in which unique solutions for the estimates are not guaranteed, is explored by analyzing responses of one group of persons to a single set of stimuli obtained both as direct responses and pairwise preferences.
The C/H ratio in Jupiter from the Voyager infrared investigation

From a selection of Voyager IRIS spectra corresponding to cloud-free areas of Jupiter, we have determined the CH/sub 4//H/sub 2/ volume ratio in the atmosphere of this planet as equal to (1.95 +- 0.22)10/sup -3/ which corresponds to 2.07 +- 0.24 times the solar value of Lambert (C/H = 4.7 x 10/sup -4/). Estimate of errors includes both instrument noise and systematic uncertainties. Implications of this result on the formation and evolution of Jupiter are discussed.
Support over Social Media among Socially Isolated Sexual and Gender Minority Youth in Rural U.S. during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Opportunities for Intervention Research

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) rural adolescents are at risk for higher levels of social isolation, a well-known risk factor for depression and other negative health outcomes. We qualitatively examined how rural SGM youth seek emotional and informational support, which are protective factors for social isolation on social media (SM) regarding their SGM identity, and determined which SM platforms and tools are most effective in providing support. We conducted semistructured online interviews with rural SGM teens who screened positive for social isolation in spring 2020 and used a thematic analysis approach to analyze the data. Sixteen youths participated in interviews. Themes included seeking emotional support through SM groups and communities, seeking emotional support in designated online SGM spaces, using SM feeds for informational support, and disclosing SGM identity differentially across platforms. SM-based interventions could be leveraged to provide emotional and informational support for rural SGM youth across specific SM platforms and consider whether they are providing emotional or information support. Interventions focused on informational support may best be used on content-based platforms. Those designed to combat social isolation and connect marginalized SGM youths to similar others might benefit from community and forum-based platforms.
Student participation in the development of whole-school wellbeing strategies: a systematic review of the literature

ABSTRACT Schools have been identified as well placed to support students’ wellbeing and encouraging the active participation of children and young people in school life is in line with current English legislation. Student-led research has the potential to create a positive, long-lasting impact. This evaluative systematic literature review (SLR) sought to identify the features of effective student participation in the co-production of whole-school wellbeing strategies, with a focus on Participatory Action Research (PAR) projects. Ten papers published between 2011 and 2021 were identified using the PRISMA framework and evaluated for methodological quality and appropriateness of focus. Several factors were identified as impacting on the success of PAR, including group composition, power balance, and sustainability. The paper concludes that carefully planned PAR projects can result in successful collaboration with students to develop whole-school strategies for a range of issues/topic areas. Further research evaluating the long-term impact of such projects on whole-school practice is warranted.