Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The TDFC method for control unstable chaotic behaviour in boost converter

A control and stabilizing approach for chaotic behavior of converter is introduced in this paper for the removal of harmonic caused by chaotic behavior in current converter. For this work, a TDFC control Method for stability chaotic behavior of boost converter for switching courses in current control mode is presented. For analyze equations in converter the behavior converter presents by discrete equations. This behavior is demonstrated by presenting a piecewise linear discrete map for this converter and then combining the feedback equation (that is contain current control equation and Time delay feedback control equation) to obtain the overall equation of the converter. A simple time-delay feedback control method is applied to stabilize the unstable periodic orbits (UPOs). By using the time-delayed feedback control method, the stability limit and gain range of the system are increased
Western Australian Public Opinions of a Minimum Pricing Policy for Alcohol: Study Protocol

Background Excessive alcohol consumption has significant adverse economic, social, and health outcomes. Recent estimates suggest that the annual economic costs of alcohol in Australia are up to AUD $36 billion. Policies influencing price have been demonstrated to be very effective in reducing alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harms. Interest in minimum pricing has gained traction in recent years. However, there has been little research investigating the level of support for the public interest case of minimum pricing in Australia. Objective This article describes protocol for a study exploring Western Australian (WA) public knowledge, understanding, and reaction to a proposed minimum price policy per standard drink. Methods The study will employ a qualitative methodological design. Participants will be recruited from a wide variety of backgrounds, including ethnic minorities, blue and white collar workers, unemployed, students, and elderly/retired populations to participate in focus groups. Focus group participants will be asked about their knowledge of, and initial reactions to, the proposed policy and encouraged to discuss how such a proposal may affect their own alcohol use and alcohol consumption at the population level. Participants will also be asked to discuss potential avenues for increasing acceptability of the policy. The focus groups will adopt a semi-structured, open-ended approach guided by a question schedule. The schedule will be based on feedback from pilot samples, previous research, and a steering group comprising experts in alcohol policy and pricing. Results The study is expected to take approximately 14 months to complete. Conclusions The findings will be of considerable interest and relevance to government officials, policy makers, researchers, advocacy groups, alcohol retail and licensed establishments and organizations, city and town planners, police, and other stakeholder organizations.
Russian web spam evolution: yandex experience

Web spam has a negative impact on the search quality and users' satisfaction and forces search engines to waste resources to crawl, index, and rank it. Thus search engines are compelled to make significant efforts in order to fight web spam. Traffic from search engines plays a great role in online economics. It causes a tough competition for high positions in search results and increases the motivation of spammers to invent new spam techniques. At the same time, ranking algorithms become more complicated, as well as web spam detection methods. So, web spam constantly evolves which makes the problem of web spam detection always relevant and challenging. As the most popular search engine in Russia Yandex faces the problem of web spam and has some expertise in this matter. This article describes our experience in detection different types of web spam based on content, links, clicks, and user behavior. We also review aggressive advertising and fraud because they affect the user experience. Besides, we demonstrate the connection between classic web spam and modern social engineering approaches in fraud.
Expression of BAG‐1 protein correlates with aggressive behavior of prostate cancers

Differences in tumor behavior, ranging from indolent to aggressive, create a need for novel prognostic biomarkers. BAG‐1 is a co‐chaperone that regulates the activity of Hsp70, Bcl‐2, Raf‐1, growth factor, and steroid receptors (e.g., the Androgen Receptor).
From Localised Social Structures to Localities as Agents

The paper is an attempt to clarify the concept of locality for further research by investigating two common meanings of locality: locality as localised social structure and locality as agent. The first is developed through linking local dependence to territorial forms of the division of labour; to enable this a new concept, ‘the scale division of labour’, is introduced. This concept describes what roles in the social division of labour exist at different scales, and hence of what social relations the localised social structure consists. The locality as agent concept is developed from the idea of locally dependent actors with interests in the same locality forming an alliance, acting together to develop and implement strategies to further their interests. This avoids spatial fetishism because locality was first defined not in physical terms, but as localised social structure.
M-estimator and D-optimality model construction using orthogonal forward regression

This correspondence introduces a new orthogonal forward regression (OFR) model identification algorithm using D-optimality for model structure selection and is based on an M-estimators of parameter estimates. M-estimator is a classical robust parameter estimation technique to tackle bad data conditions such as outliers. Computationally, The M-estimator can be derived using an iterative reweighted least squares (IRLS) algorithm. D-optimality is a model structure robustness criterion in experimental design to tackle ill-conditioning in model structure. The orthogonal forward regression (OFR), often based on the modified Gram-Schmidt procedure, is an efficient method incorporating structure selection and parameter estimation simultaneously. The basic idea of the proposed approach is to incorporate an IRLS inner loop into the modified Gram-Schmidt procedure. In this manner, the OFR algorithm for parsimonious model structure determination is extended to bad data conditions with improved performance via the derivation of parameter M-estimators with inherent robustness to outliers. Numerical examples are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Phosphorylation of Sae2 Mediates Forkhead-associated (FHA) Domain-specific Interaction and Regulates Its DNA Repair Function*

Background: Phosphorylation of Sae2 by Mec1/Tel1 in S. cerevisiae has been shown, but its function was poorly understood. Results: The conserved threonines of Sae2 have a redundant role in DNA damage response, and their phosphorylation directly interacts with Rad53, Dun1, and Xrs2 via their FHA domains. Conclusion: Phosphorylation of Sae2 regulates its DNA repair function. Significance: This work identifies the associated proteins of phosphorylated Sae2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sae2 and its ortholog CtIP in higher eukaryotes have a conserved role in the initial processing of DNA lesions and influencing their subsequent repair pathways. Sae2 is phosphorylated by the ATR/ATM family kinases Mec1 and Tel1 in response to DNA damage. Among the Mec1/Tel1 consensus phosphorylation sites of Sae2, we found that mutations of Thr-90 and Thr-279 of Sae2 into alanine caused a persistent Rad53 activation in response to a transient DNA damage, similar to the loss of Sae2. To gain insight into the function of this phosphorylation of Sae2, we performed a quantitative proteomics analysis to identify its associated proteins. We found that phosphorylation of Thr-90 of Sae2 mediates its interaction with Rad53, Dun1, Xrs2, Dma1, and Dma2, whereas Rad53 and Dun1 additionally interact with phosphorylated Thr-279 of Sae2. Mutations of the ligand-binding residues of Forkhead-associated (FHA) domains of Rad53, Dun1, Xrs2, Dma1, and Dma2 abolished their interactions with Sae2, revealing the involvement of FHA-specific interactions. Mutations of Thr-90 and Thr-279 of Sae2 caused a synergistic defect when combined with sgs1Δ and exo1Δ and elevated gross chromosomal rearrangements. Likewise, mutations of RAD53 and DUN1 caused a synthetic growth defect with sgs1Δ and elevated gross chromosomal rearrangements. These findings suggest that threonine-specific phosphorylation of Sae2 by Mec1 and Tel1 contributes to DNA repair and genome maintenance via its interactions with Rad53 and Dun1.
Carotenoid Coloration in Greenfinches Is Individually Consistent Irrespective of Foraging Ability

Carotenoid‐based plumage coloration of birds has been hypothesized to honestly reflect individual quality, either because carotenoids are difficult to acquire via food or because of a trade‐off in allocation of carotenoids between maintenance and signaling functions. We tested whether differential foraging ability is a necessary precondition for maintaining individual differences in carotenoid‐based plumage coloration in male greenfinches (Carduelis chloris). Wild‐caught birds were brought into captivity, where half of them were supplemented with carotenoids while the other half was maintained on a carotenoid‐poor diet. Color of the yellow parts of tail feathers, grown under natural conditions, was compared with that of the replacement feathers, grown in captivity. Carotenoid supplementation increased feather chroma (saturation). Color of wild‐grown feathers significantly correlated with the color of lab‐grown feathers. This result demonstrates the existence of a significant component of variation in carotenoid coloration, which reflects physiological qualities or genetic differences among individuals independent of foraging ability. Among both experimental groups, plasma carotenoid concentration during feather growth strongly correlated with chroma of the feathers grown in captivity. This indicates that carotenoid‐based plumage coloration can reveal circulating carotenoid levels over a very wide range of concentrations, suggesting the ample signaling potential of such a mechanism.
Modified Gauss-Seidel affine projection algorithm for acoustic echo cancellation

The paper proposes a robust and stable fast affine projection algorithm based on the Gauss-Seidel method, the so called modified Gauss-Seidel fast affine projection algorithm. The proposed algorithm is generalized for simplified Volterra filters as well. The computational complexity of both the modified Gauss-Seidel fast affine projection algorithm and its generalization for simplified Volterra filters is derived and their performance for acoustic echo cancellation is assessed.
A Semantic-Based Approach for Detecting and Decomposing God Classes

Cohesion is a core design quality that has a great impact on posterior development and maintenance. By the nature of software, the cohesion of a system is diminished as the system evolves. God classes are code defects resulting from software evolution, having heterogeneous responsibilities highly coupled with other classes and often large in size, which makes it difficult to maintain the system. The existing work on identifying and decomposing God classes heavily relies on internal class information to identify God classes and responsibilities. However, in object-oriented systems, responsibilities should be analyzed with respect to not only internal class information, but also method interactions. In this paper, we present a novel approach for detecting God classes and decomposing their responsibilities based on the semantics of methods and method interactions. We evaluate the approach using JMeter v2.5. 1 and the results are promising.
Ketamine ’ s Legacy : New Targets for the Development of Rapid onset Antidepressant Drugs

Major depressive disorder is a common, recurrent and disabling psychiatric disorder associated with significant morbidity and mortality. For half a century, the field of neuro psychopharmacology of depression has been dominated by the monoaminergic hypothesis, especially regarding the development of antidepressant drugs. However, the mono aminergic antidepressants have significant limitations: these drugs present a delayed onset of action (weeks to months), and a considerable fraction of patients do not respond to treatment even after several therapeutic attempts. In the last decade, compelling clinical evidence has demonstrated that a single sub anesthetic dose of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, ketamine, can induce a significant improvement of depressive symptoms within hours, even in situations of treatment-resistant depression. Furthermore, preclinical studies aiming to elucidate the biological mechanisms underpinning the antidepressant action of ketamine opened new perspectives into the neurobiology of depression and consequently to the emergence of important targets for the development of new antidepressant drugs. Ketamine seems to be the prototype for a new generation of antidepressants that can impact the clinical management of depression exerting their therapeutic effects within hours. Here, we are presenting some evidence regarding the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ketamine. We also included a summary of the mechanisms underlying the rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine, and discussion of the contributions of these mechanisms for nextgeneration rapid-acting antidepressants: the called “legacy of ketamine”.
Modelling semantic context for novelty detection in wildlife scenes

Novelty detection is an important functionality that has found many applications in information retrieval and processing. In this paper we propose a novel framework that deals with novelty detection for multiple-scene image sets. Working with wildlife image data, the framework starts with image segmentation, followed by feature extraction and classification of the image blocks extracted from image segments. The labelled image blocks are then scanned through to generate a co-occurrence matrix of object labels, representing the semantic context within the scene. The semantic co-occurrence matrices then undergo binarization and principal component analysis for dimension reduction, forming the basis for constructing one-class models for each scene category. An algorithm for outlier detection that employs multiple one-class models is proposed. An advantage of our approach is that it can be used for scene classification and novelty detection at the same time. Our experiments show that the proposed approach algorithm gives favourable performance for the task of detecting novel wildlife scenes, and binarization of the label co-occurrence matrices helps to significantly increase the robustness in dealing with the variation of scene statistics.
Low level of tracheal cellular fibronectin in extremely premature infants with funisitis: Relationship with respiratory distress 1 month after birth

Funisitis reflects the fetal systemic inflammatory response in premature infants. Macrophages and neutrophils have been identified as key elements in the inflammatory process of the lungs, and secrete proteases that cause the destruction of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Fibronectin (FN) is the major constituent of the pulmonary ECM and exists in multiple isoforms arising from alternative RNA splicing. Extra domain A (EDA) is the major alternatively spliced segment, and the expression of EDA containing FN (EDA + FN) in the lungs is associated with distal pulmonary cell proliferation during alveolar formation.
Estimation of complex motion from thermographic image sequences

In this contribution a novel technique for computing complex motion involving heat transport processes will be presented. The proposed technique is a local gradient based approach, combining transport models with motion analysis. It allows for the simultaneous estimation of both motion and parameter of an underlying transport model. Since the analysis is based on thermal image sequences, estimates are computed to a high temporal and spatial resolution, limited only by the resolution and frame rate of the employed IR camera. This novel technique was utilized on exchange processes at the atmosphere/ocean boundary, where significant parameters of heat transfer could be measured and a transport model verified. Using the presented algorithms, surface flows as well as convergences and divergences on air-water interfaces can be measured accurately. Apart from applications in oceanography and botany, relevant benefits of the proposed technique to NDT will be presented. It is possible to compensate for motion to reach accuracies much better than 1/10th of a pixel. Through the direct estimation of locally resolved diffusivities in materials, insights can be gained about defects present. By estimating not only isotropic diffusion but also the whole matrix of anisotropic diffusion, the technique is highly relevant to measurements of composite materials.
Role of Neem ( Azardirachta indica ) as a Plant extract Dewormer for Ancylostoma caninum Infection in Mice

Gastrointestinal parasite is serious threat to the productivity of livestock in developing nation. The major mechanism of controlling nematode parasite of livestock has been limited to the use of synthetic dewormer. Several plant products have been exploited for their dewormer activity. Neem has been shown to possess many medicinal properties including dewormer property. The purpose of this experiment was to study the dewormer activity of neem against A. caninum in infected mice. Two groups of mice were infected with A. caninum infective larvae. Before infection one group of mice were given neem extract at dose level of 0.2ml/ mouse. One group of mice served as non treated group. The dewormer activity was determined by larval reduction, mast cell and eosinophil cell level. Neem extract were highly effective in reducing the number of A. caninum. Larval reduction showed that the number of larvae reduced was higher in the treated and infected group compared to the infected group within 72 and 96 hours after challenge infection. Mast cell result suggest that on day 16 and 24 in mice infected with A. caninum larvae developed higher mastocytosis in comparison to treated and infected group. Decline level of eosinophil cell recorded on day 16 and 24 in treated and infected group when compared with infected group. The result suggests that the number of larvae correlated with number of mast cells and eosinophil cell and a potential role of neem extract as a dewormer activity against A. caninum in mice.
Revisiting the Glass Escalator: The Case of Gender Segregation in a Female Dominated Occupation

Using data from the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses (NSSRN) 1977–2000, we examine sex segregation in a paradigmatic female-dominated occupation—nursing. We find that contrary to the vertical pattern of occupational stratification implied by the “glass escalator,” men are not disproportionately represented in administrative posts. Instead, we find a pervasive pattern of horizontal sex segregation, whereby men and women are disproportionately clustered in particular gendered specialties. Using in-depth interviews with a sample of registered nurses, we show that male nurses tend to gravitate toward areas of nursing they perceive to be more “masculine. ” Our findings have implications for other female-dominated occupations because the bottom-heavy structure of most occupations limits the number of men (as well as women) from reaching the top positions within the field, meaning that horizontal sorting processes of acclimation sort most male employees in female-dominated professions.
Smoking Induces Long-Lasting Effects through a Monoamine-Oxidase Epigenetic Regulation

Background Postulating that serotonin (5-HT), released from smoking-activated platelets could be involved in smoking-induced vascular modifications, we studied its catabolism in a series of 115 men distributed as current smokers (S), never smokers (NS) and former smokers (FS) who had stopped smoking for a mean of 13 years. Methodology/Principal Findings 5-HT, monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) activities and amounts were measured in platelets, and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA)—the 5-HT/MAO catabolite—in plasma samples. Both platelet 5-HT and plasma 5-HIAA levels were correlated with the 10-year cardiovascular Framingham relative risk (P<0.01), but these correlations became non-significant after adjustment for smoking status, underlining that the determining risk factor among those taken into account in the Framingham risk calculation was smoking. Surprisingly, the platelet 5-HT content was similar in S and NS but lower in FS with a parallel higher plasma level of 5-HIAA in FS. This was unforeseen since MAO-B activity was inhibited during smoking (P<0.00001). It was, however, consistent with a higher enzyme protein concentration found in S and FS than in NS (P<0.001). It thus appears that MAO inhibition during smoking was compensated by a higher synthesis. To investigate the persistent increase in MAO-B protein concentration, a study of the methylation of its gene promoter was undertaken in a small supplementary cohort of similar subjects. We found that the methylation frequency of the MAOB gene promoter was markedly lower (P<0.0001) for S and FS vs. NS due to cigarette smoke-induced increase of nucleic acid demethylase activity. Conclusions/Significance This is one of the first reports that smoking induces an epigenetic modification. A better understanding of the epigenome may help to further elucidate the physiopathology and the development of new therapeutic approaches to tobacco addiction. The results could have a larger impact than cardiovascular damage, considering that MAO-dependent 5-HT catabolism is also involved in addiction, predisposition to cancer, behaviour and mental health.
Building intelligent environments with Smart-Its

Smart-Its are self-contained, stick-on computers that attach to everyday objects. These augmented objects become soft media, enabling dynamic digital relationships with users and each other. In the Smart-Its project, we are developing technology to realize a vision of computation everywhere, where computer technology seamlessly integrates into everyday life, supporting users in their daily tasks. By embedding sensors, computation, and communication into common artifacts, future computing applications can adapt to human users rather than the other way around. However, it's currently difficult to develop this type of ubiquitous computing because of the lack of toolkits integrating both the required hardware and software. Therefore, we are creating a class of small computers - called Smart-Its - equipped with wireless communication and sensors to make it possible to create smart artifacts with little overhead.
What remains of the Cholodny-Went theory? Introduction.

The Cholodny-Went theory, which states that plant tropisms in roots and shoots are due to the unequal distribution of the growth regulator auxin in reponse to light or gravity, presented a simple and direct explanation of these phenomena. This was significant in the 1930s when simple explanations were lacking, and much research into this theory has been performed since that time. From the 1980s forward, there has been much questioning and controversy surrounding the theory. In this introduction to 15 brief articles, the author describes how leading scientists in the field were asked to air their opinions of the theory and formulate questions for each other. The resulting articles are presented in an attempt to stimulate discussion and give insights into the state of the Cholodny-Went theory in the 1990s.