Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combining Exergame Training with Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Study Assessing the Effect on Neuronal Structure/Function in the Elderly Brain

A common problem in the older population is the risk of falling and related injury, immobility, and reduced survival. Age-related neuronal changes, e.g., decline in gray-and white-matter, affect neuronal, cognitive, and motor functioning. The improvement of these factors might decrease fall events in elderly. Studies showed that administration of video game-based physical exercise, a so-called exergame, or omega-3 fatty acid (FA) may improve motor and/or cognitive functioning through neuronal changes in the brain of older adults. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of a combination of exergame training with omega-3 FA supplementation on the elderly brain. We hypothesize that an intervention using a combination approach differently affects on the neuronal structure and function of the elderly's brain as compared to the sole administration of exergame training. The study is a parallel, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial lasting 26 weeks. Sixty autonomous living, non-smoking, and right-handed healthy older (>65 years) adults who live independently or in a senior residency are included, randomized, and allocated to one of two study groups. The experimental group receives a daily amount of 13.5 ml fish oil (including 2.9 g of omega-3 FA), whereas the control group receives a daily amount of 13.5 ml olive oil for 26 weeks. After 16 weeks, both groups start with an exergame training program three times per week. Measurements are performed on three time-points by treatment blinded investigators: pre-intervention measurements, blood sample after 16 week, and post-intervention measurements. The main outcomes are motor evoked potentials of the right M. tibialis anterior (transcranial magnetic stimulation) and response-related potentials (electroencephalography) during a cognitive test. For secondary outcomes, reaction time during cognitive tests and spatio-temporal parameters during gait performance are measured. Statistics will include effect sizes and a 2 × 2-ANOVA with normally distributed data or the non-parametric equivalent for data not fulfilling normal distribution. The randomized controlled study is the first to investigate the effectiveness of exergame training combined with omega-3 FA in counteracting age- and behavioral-dependent neuronal changes in the brain. This study has been registered in the Swiss National Clinical Trials (SNCTP000001623) and the ISRCTN (ISRCTN12084831) Portals.
Human Laboratory Settings for Assessing Drug Craving Implications for the Evaluation of Treatment Efficacy

tudies show that there is a pivotal relation ship between craving and addiction (World Health Organization, 1955). Although craving has a complexity in definition but craving for a drug may be defined as a strong desire to crave, acquire and use drug, and may be evoked even after periods of sustained abstinence by exposure to stressful situations, to drug, or to environmental cues previously associated with drug use (Mahoney et al., 2007; Sinha, 2001).
Particle Swarm Optimization with Fuzzy Adaptive Acceleration for Human Object Detection

In this paper, a new approach to dynamically adapt the acceleration coefficient of particle swarm optimization (PSO) is discussed. The proposed method uses fuzzy inference system to lead the particles movement in exploring and exploiting the search area; therefore it increases the accuracy and reduces the detection time of human object detection system. The performance of the proposed method was tested on real images, artificial images, as well as real-time videos; the result is then compared to that of conventional method. Experiment on testing data using the proposed method improves the accuracy rate 9% better and almost twice faster than the standard window scanning method. The proposed PSO with fuzzy adaptive acceleration gives a promising contribution to solve real-world problems where computational time is critical.
The effects of walking speed on minimum toe clearance and on the temporal relationship between minimum clearance and peak swing-foot velocity in unilateral trans-tibial amputees

Background: Minimum toe clearance is a critical gait event because it coincides with peak forward velocity of the swing foot, and thus, there is an increased risk of tripping and falling. Trans-tibial amputees have increased risk of tripping compared to able-bodied individuals. Assessment of toe clearance during gait is thus clinically relevant. In able-bodied gait, minimum toe clearance increases with faster walking speeds, and it is widely reported that there is synchronicity between when peak swing-foot velocity and minimum toe clearance occur. There are no such studies involving lower-limb amputees. Objectives: To determine the effects of walking speed on minimum toe clearance and on the temporal relationship between clearance and peak swing-foot velocity in unilateral trans-tibial amputees. Study design: Cross-sectional. Methods: A total of 10 trans-tibial participants walked at slow, customary and fast speeds. Minimum toe clearance and the timings of minimum toe clearance and peak swing-foot velocity were determined and compared between intact and prosthetic sides. Results: Minimum toe clearance was reduced on the prosthetic side and, unlike on the intact side, did not increase with walking speed increase. Peak swing-foot velocity consistently occurred (~0.014 s) after point of minimum toe clearance on both limbs across all walking speeds, but there was no significant difference in the toe–ground clearance between the two events. Conclusion: The absence of speed related increases in minimum toe clearance on the prosthetic side suggests that speed related modulation of toe clearance for an intact limb typically occurs at the swing-limb ankle. The temporal consistency between peak foot velocity and minimum toe clearance on each limb suggests that swing-phase inter-segmental coordination is unaffected by trans-tibial amputation. Clinical relevance The lack of increase in minimum toe clearance on the prosthetic side at higher walking speeds may potentially increase risk of tripping. Findings indicate that determining the instant of peak swing-foot velocity will also consistently identify when/where minimum toe clearance occurs.
An analysis of data corruption in the storage stack

An important threat to reliable storage of data is silent data corruption. In order to develop suitable protection mechanisms against data corruption, it is essential to understand its characteristics. In this article, we present the first large-scale study of data corruption. We analyze corruption instances recorded in production storage systems containing a total of 1.53 million disk drives, over a period of 41 months. We study three classes of corruption: checksum mismatches, identity discrepancies, and parity inconsistencies. We focus on checksum mismatches since they occur the most. We find more than 400,000 instances of checksum mismatches over the 41-month period. We find many interesting trends among these instances, including: (i) nearline disks (and their adapters) develop checksum mismatches an order of magnitude more often than enterprise-class disk drives, (ii) checksum mismatches within the same disk are not independent events and they show high spatial and temporal locality, and (iii) checksum mismatches across different disks in the same storage system are not independent. We use our observations to derive lessons for corruption-proof system design.
An adaptive clustering for multiple object tracking in sequences in and beyond the visible spectrum

In this paper, we propose a method to track multiple deformable objects in sequences (with a static camera) in and beyond the visible spectrum by combining Gabor filtering and clustering. In a first step, a set of Gabor filter banks is used to filter the difference image between two consecutive frames. Then, the moving areas are sampled by randomly positioning particles in high magnitude area of the filtered image. Finally, these points are clustered to obtain one class for each moving object. The novelty in our method is in using cluster information from the previous frame to classify new particles in the current frame. This makes our method robust to occlusions, objects entering and leaving the field of view, objects stopping and starting, and moving objects getting really close to each other.
Fiber-reinforced Composite Resin Bridge: A Treatment Option in Children

ABSTRACT A number of treatment options, ranging from Maryland bridges to implants, are available for the replacement of congenitally or traumatically missing permanent anterior teeth. But, there are several limitations of these therapeutic options when they have to be used before the completion of the growth, particularly in children. Reinforcement of composite resins with polyethylene fibers significantly improves their mechanical properties. Fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) bridge can offer a good alternative to conventional treatment options in replacing a missing permanent anterior tooth until a more definitive prosthesis can be provided at the end of the growth period. The purpose of this article is to present a clinical case of a single tooth replacement utilizing noninvasive and metal free fixed FRC bridge in a 13 years old child as an interim treatment option. How to cite this article: Gupta A, Yelluri RK, Munshi AK. Fiber-reinforced Composite Resin Bridge: A Treatment Option in Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015;8(1):62-65.
Apparent suppression of turbulent magnetic dynamo action by a dc magnetic field

Numerical studies of the effect of a dc magnetic field on dynamo action (development of magnetic fields with large spatial scales), due to helically-driven magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, are reported. The apparent effect of the dc magnetic field is to suppress the dynamo action, above a relatively low threshold. However, the possibility that the suppression results from an improper combination of rectangular triply spatially-periodic boundary conditions and a uniform dc magnetic field is addressed: heretofore a common and convenient computational convention in turbulence investigations. Physical reasons for the observed suppression are suggested. Other geometries and boundary conditions are offered, for which the dynamo action is expected not to be suppressed by the presence of a dc magnetic field component.
Freins à la prise en charge des consommateurs d'héroïne en demande de traitement substitutif : étude qualitative auprès de 14 médecins généralistes de l'agglomération rouennaise

La prise en charge des consommateurs d'heroine et plus largement des toxicomanes est un enjeu majeur de sante publique. Cependant, pres d'un tiers des medecins generalistes ne suivent aucun de ces patients et 61,4% declarent les reorienter vers un confere ou une structure specialisee. L'objectif de cette etude est d'identifier les freins a la prise en charge des consommateurs d'heroine par les medecins generalistes. Methode : Une etude qualitative par entretiens semi-diriges a ete menee en mai 2017 aupres de 14 medecins generalistes de l'agglomeration rouennaise. Resultats : Quatorze medecins generalistes de l'agglomeration rouennaise ont ete interroges permettant d'atteindre la saturation des donnees. Cinq freins principaux ont ete evoques et classes selon un schema sequentiel. L'image negative du toxicomane ressort comme le frein initial qui bloque les medecins. Sans depasser cet a priori, la prise en charge de ces patients semble tres difficile. Le frein suivant est le manque de formation. Celui-ci regroupe le manque d'experience, la crainte des medicaments de substitution aux opiaces et la complexite de la prise en charge. Viennent ensuite le manque de cooperation avec les structures specialisees et le manque de temps ou la mauvaise remuneration de l'acte. Ces trois freins peuvent etre consideres comme modifiables et constituent des pistes de travail. Le dernier frein qui ressort de l'etude est le profil difficile de certains toxicomanes sur lequel les marges d'action sont faibles. Conclusion : Cette etude permet de cibler les pistes de travail pour ameliorer la prise en charge des patients toxicomanes. Il faut accentuer et cibler la formation initiale pour sensibiliser les internes afin qu'ils depassent l'a priori concernant ces patients. Il faut ensuite adapter la formation continue en l'integrant a d'autres themes plus larges afin d'interesser les medecins, mais aussi accroitre les relations avec les structures specialisees encore mal connues. Pour finir, il faut envisager de renforcer la prise en charge en structures specialisees des patients au profil difficile.
Leader Survival Strategies and the Onset of Civil Conflict: A Coup-Proofing Paradox

It is paradoxical that authoritarian leaders often hold power for long periods of time, despite their states being plagued with rebellion. Scholarship has argued the practice of coup-proofing is potentially responsible for this trend. However, though regular armed forces are often allowed to whither when coup-proofing, states often retain substantial capabilities in the form of well-armed and well-trained coup-proofing units. This article argues that coup-proofing is more likely to contribute to rebellion when leaders are hesitant to deploy their coup-proofing units: when coup risk is high. Using a global sample of authoritarian regimes for the years 1971–2011, tests indicate that heavily coup-proofed regimes do in fact see a considerable increase in civil war likelihood when the risk of a coup is high but see no change in conflict propensity when coup risk is low.
Impact Of Environmental Awareness On Consumer Attitudes- A Study Of Selected Green Products

This study aims to find the impact of environmental awareness on consumer attitudes for selected green products. The research was done on 600 respondents, both professionals and non-professionals in the city of Dehradun, capital of Uttarakhand, India. The objective was to study the respondent’s level of environmental awareness, to measure their level of consumer attitudes and to observe the impact of environmental awareness on consumer attitudes. Also a comparison was made between the environmental awareness and consumer attitudes on two groups’ professionals and non-professionals. The organic food products were the green products selected for this study. The total sample was equally divided into two group professionals and non-professionals. Stratified random sampling was used and all the subjects were matched on socio-economic status and age group. Environmental Awareness Test (EAWT) by Dr. K. Yeshodhara was used to assess the environmental awareness of the subjects. The Consumer Attitude Scale used was a 5 point Likert scale designed by the author. Mean, S.D. and ANOVAs’ were used to infer findings and prove the proposed hypothesis. The findings revealed a significant difference in consumer attitudes of the respondents of the three levels of environmental awareness (high, medium and low) and also a significant difference in consumer attitudes of professionals and non-professionals. Key words: Environmental awareness, Consumer attitudes, Organic food products, Dehradun, Professionals - Non-professionals
A multi-tenant oriented performance monitoring, detecting and scheduling architecture based on SLA

Software as a Service (SaaS) is thriving as a new mode of service delivery and operation with the development of network technology and the maturity of application software. SaaS application providers offer services for multiple tenants through the “single-instance multi-tenancy” model, which can effectively reduce service costs due to scale effect. Meanwhile, the providers allocate resources according to the SLA signed with tenants to meet the different needs of service quality. However, the service quality of some tenants will be affected by some abnormal consumption of system resources since both hardware and software resources are shared by tenants. In order to deal with this issue, we proposed a multi-tenant oriented monitoring, detecting and scheduling architecture based on SLA for performance isolation. It would monitor service quality of per tenant, discover abnormal status and dynamically adjust the use of resources based on quantization of SLA parameters to ensure the full realization of SLA tasks.
Global Minimum Elastic Net for the Euclidean Travelling Salesman Problem

The Travelling Salesman Problem belongs to the class of NP (Non Deterministic Polynomial) Complete problems. It can be solved by Exact or heuristic algorithms. Heuristic algorithms find approximate solutions to the problems and include Neural Network algorithms such as Hopfield Network, Self-Organizing Map and the Elastic Net. The Elastic Net is made of a network of neurons and a defined energy function whose minimum renders the most optimal configuration. It proceeds by minimizing the energy of the configuration. This article proposes a variant of the Elastic Net to solve the Traveling Salesman Problem. The original Elastic Net algorithm finds the energy minimum by gradient descent and is therefore prone to conclude at the local minimum. The proposed method aims to reach the global minimum by reinitializing the neurons each time a local minimum is reached. This enables the network to explore a wider sub space of solutions. Experiments reveal shorter tours than other Elastic Net variants at the slight expense of processing time.
Simulation of slow reaction with quantum character: Neutral hydrolysis of carboxylic ester

By computer simulation, using both quantum and classical dynamics, we determined the rate constant and the kinetic isotope effect of the rate‐determining step in the neutral hydrolysis of p‐methoxyphenyl dichloroacetate in aqueous solution. This step involves a proton transfer concerted with the formation of a CO bond. A method of biased sampling was used; the Gibbs free energy of the biased configuration from which proton transfer is likely to occur was determined by a combination of semiempirical quantum calculations and thermodynamic integration. The proton dynamics was modeled with the quantum‐dynamical density matrix evolution method that includes nonadiabatic pathways. The proton dynamics is driven by a fluctuating proton potential that was derived from a classical molecular dynamics simulation of the system including solvent. The calculated rate constant of 3×10−2 s−1 agrees within the error of the calculation with the experimentally observed value of 2.78×10−3. The calculated pseudo‐first‐order kinetic isotope effect of 3.9 is in good agreement with the experimentally observed value of 3.2. The results show the feasibility of computational approaches to slow reactions in complex environments, where proton transfer with an essential quantum‐dynamical nature is the rate‐limiting step. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 20: 886–895, 1999
The Concept of the Penicillin Target from 1965 until Today The Thirteenth Marjory Stephenson

The Biochemical Laboratory at Cambridge is the place where Marjory Stephenson established microbiology as a biochemical science and demonstrated that bacteria were useful as experimental material quite apart from their disease-producing action. It is also the place where in the early 1950s Professor Milton R. J. Salton, at that time a graduate student of Professor Ernest Gale, initiated biochemical investigations of bacterial cell walls. Marjory Stephenson died too early (1948) to witness this remarkable event but one can guess the wonder she would have expressed for the enzymes involved in the synthesis of the wall peptidoglycan, a structure which contains muramic acid and several D-amino acids and is unique to the bacterial world. Perhaps she would have found these enzymes even more extraordinary than those concerned with the utilization of molecular hydrogen and with the oxidation and reduction of inorganic substrates, about which she wrote in 1939 'all the enzymes found in the animal will ultimately turn up in some bacterium or other whilst these found only in bacteria will be far more numerous' (Stephenson, 1939). A few years later, appraising the progress made in bacterial metabolism, Marjory Stephenson, who was always fascinated by the life of the organisms, noted with enthusiasm: 'information is now being rapidly gained on the course of the biochemical process leading to cell synthesis. We seem, in fact, to be witnessing a transition from katabolic to anabolic studies, made possible only by the use of the microbe as experimental material' (Stephenson, 1949). Among the new sources responsible for this fresh stream of knowledge were studies of the intracellular changes resulting from chemotherapeutic agents, antibiotics and other cell poisons. We all know how crucial for the bacterial cell are the various steps by which the wall peptidoglycan precursors are synthesized in the cytoplasm and are assembled into a rigid, net-like polymer outside the plasma membrane. We also know how essential for the unravelling of the mechanisms involved was the use of D-CyClOSerine, bacitracin and penicillin. The decision of the Society to pay tribute to Marjory Stephenson by organizing a lecture on the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan and on the mode of action of penicillin, therefore seems to be most appropriate. However, as I stand before you on this occasion, I do so with mixed feelings. I am deeply honoured by the invitation but I am also convinced that friends who have much …
A Qualitative Study of Provider Thoughts on Implementing Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in Clinical Settings to Prevent HIV Infection

Background A recent clinical trial demonstrated that a daily dose tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabrine (TDF-FTC) can reduce HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender (TG) women by 44%, and up to 90% if taken daily. We explored how medical and service providers understand research results and plan to develop clinical protocols to prescribe, support and monitor adherence for patients on PrEP in the United States. Methods Using referrals from our community collaborators and snowball sampling, we recruited 22 healthcare providers in San Francisco, Oakland, and Los Angeles for in-depth interviews from May-December 2011. The providers included primary care physicians seeing high numbers of MSM and TG women, HIV specialists, community health clinic providers, and public health officials. We analyzed interviews thematically to produce recommendations for setting policy around implementing PrEP. Interview topics included: assessing clinician impressions of PrEP and CDC guidance, considerations of cost, office capacity, dosing schedules, and following patients over time. Results Little or no demand for PrEP from patients was reported at the time of the interviews. Providers did not agree on the most appropriate patients for PrEP and believed that current models of care, which do not involve routine frequent office visits, were not well suited for prescribing PrEP. Providers detailed the need to build capacity and were concerned about monitoring side effects and adherence. PrEP was seen as potentially having impact on the epidemic but providers also noted that community education campaigns needed to be tailored to effectively reach specific vulnerable populations. Conclusions While PrEP may be a novel and clinically compelling prevention intervention for MSM and TG women, it raises a number of important implementation challenges that would need to be addressed. Nonetheless, most providers expressed optimism that they eventually could prescribe and monitor PrEP in their practice.