Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bid-Ask Spreads and Volume:The Role of Trade Timing

I formulate a stylized Glosten-Milgrom model of financial market trading in which people are allowed to time their trading decision. The focus of the analysis is to understand people’s timing behavior and how it affects bid- and offer-prices and volume. Assuming heterogeneous quality of information, not all informed traders choose to trade immediately but some chose to delay, although they expect public expectations to move against them. Compared to a myopic, no-timing setting, first movers with timing have better quality information. Contrary to casual intuition this behavior lowers bid-ask spreads early on and increases them in later periods. Price-variability and total volume in both periods combined decrease. A numerical analysis shows that with timing the spreads are very stable (though decreasing), and that volume is increasing over time. Moreover, with timing the probability of informed trading (PIN) increases between periods.
Randomized comparison of pegfilgrastim day 4 versus day 2 for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced leukocytopenia.

BACKGROUND To study the effects of deferring pegfilgrastim until day 4 on the reduction of chemotherapy-induced leukocytopenia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients of age 61-80 years with aggressive lymphoma were randomly assigned to receive 6 mg pegfilgrastim on day 2 or 4 of a 2-week chemotherapy regimen (R-CHOP-14). RESULTS Two hundred and ninety-two and 313 chemotherapy cycles were evaluable in 103 patients. Post-nadir pegfilgrastim serum levels were higher after day 4 than after day 2 application. This was associated with an attenuated leukocyte nadir after day 4 pegfilgrastim and there were fewer days with leukocytes <2 × 10(3)/mm(3) compared with day 2 pegfilgrastim. Grade 3 and 4 leukocytopenias (70% versus 43.3%; P < 0.001) and grade 4-only leukocytopenias (47% versus 20.5%; P < 0.001) were more frequent after day 2 pegfilgrastim. There were more chemotherapy cycles with grade 3 and 4 infections after day 2 than day 4 pegfilgrastim (9.4% versus 6.0%; P = 0.118). Interventional antibiotics were given more often after day 2 than after day 4 pegfilgrastim (30.7% versus 21.9% of cycles; P = 0.008). There were five deaths during leukocytopenia after day 2 and none after day 4 pegfilgrastim (P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS Administration of pegfilgrastim on day 4 was more effective in reducing severe leukocytopenias and resulted in fewer deaths during leukocytopenia. Pegfilgrastim should be given on day 4 to better exploit its myeloprotective potential.
Time-varying group formation control for multi-agent systems with second-order dynamics and directed topologies

Time-varying group formation control problems for second-order multi-agent systems with directed topologies are investigated, where the agents in the multi-agent system are classified into subgroups and each subgroup is required to form a specified time-varying sub-formation. In contrast to the traditional complete formation, where only one formation is realized by the multi-agent system, in the group formation, there could be multiple sub-formations. Firstly, a time-varying group formation protocol is constructed using local relative positions and velocities of each agent and its neighbors. Then based on graph theory, nonsingular transformations are applied to the closed-loop multi-agent systems. Sufficient conditions for second-order multi-agent systems to achieve time-varying group formation are further presented together with the time-varying group formation feasibility constraints. Explicit expressions of the subgroup formation reference functions are derived to describe the macroscopic movement of the time-varying subgroup formations. Moreover, by solving an algebraic Riccati equation, an approach to design the time-varying group formation protocol is proposed. Finally, a numerical example with three subgroups is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.
Entwurf von Ausgangsrückführungen für nichtlineare Systeme mittels Sum-of-Squares-Programmierung

Zusammenfassung Dieser Beitrag stellt den Entwurf von Ausgangsrückführungen für Systeme mit nicht-polynomialen Nichtlinearitäten mittels SOS-Programmierung vor. Dazu wird eine polynomiale Approximation des Systems durchgeführt und der zugehörige Approximationsfehler bestimmt. Diese Fehlerabschätzung wird im SOS-Programm benutzt, um eine stabilisierende Ausgangsrückführung und eine Lyapunov-Funktion so zu bestimmen, dass ein möglichst großer Einzugsbereich der Ruhelage der Regelung mit dem tatsächlichen System resultiert. Um auf die sich ergebende Regelkreisdynamik Einfluss zu nehmen, wird der lineare Anteil des Reglers vorgegeben, mit dem eine gewünschte Eigenwertverteilung für die Linearisierung des geregelten Systems eingestellt wird. Die für die Stabilisierbarkeit nötigte dynamische Ausgangsrückführung kann dabei durch Erweiterung des Systems um die Dynamik des Reglers auf den Entwurf eines statischen Reglers zurückgeführt werden. Anhand eines einfachen Beispiels wird die vorgestellte Entwurfsmethodik veranschaulicht. Abstract This paper presents an output feedback design approach for systems with non-polynomial nonlinearities using SOS-Programming. To this end a polynomial approximation of the system is determinded and the corresponding approximation error is computed. This error is used within the SOS-programm to determine a stabilizing output feedback and a Lyapunov funktion, which yield an as large as possible region of attraction of the equilibrium of the closed-loop original system. In order to influence the dynamics of the resulting closed-loop system, the linear part of the control law is assigned, which is used to assign desired eigenvalues to the linearization of the closed-loop system. If a dynamic output feedback is required for stabilization, the design method can be rewritten as a static output feedback desgin by adding the dynamic of the controller to the system description. A simple example illustrates the presented design approach.
Invitation to Sociology of Science: Agenda for Science Studies in India

In the contemporary Indian society, modern science and technology, and their institutional structures, are becoming increasingly important. There is heavy investment in these areas; as a consequence, power relations in the society are getting restructured and relationships in every domain of social life are being influenced. Under these circumstances, it is surprising that sociological studies of science, scientists and scientific institutions remain relatively neglected areas of enquiry. In India, by and large, there is a continuous reproduction of the unequal relationship between natural sciences, on the one hand, and social sciences and humanities, on the other. Modern science is considered to be 'superior' and meant for the brighter students. This, at least partly, explains the avoidance of science as a subject of study on the part of sociologists in India. On the other hand, the popular image of science as 'objective knowledge' makes scientific practice an affair of the scientists only. As Yehuda Elkana points out, comparative studies of art, religion, ethics, and politics abound; however, there is no discipline called comparative science (1981: 2).
Models in Evolutionary Ecology and the Validation ProblemC

All models of natural systems represent an abstraction and simpliication of that system. Thus all models suuer a validation problem. Should we believe that the results of the model have any bearing on reality? This is a particularly acute problem for Alife models of evolution and ecosystems. The time scale of evolution and the complexity of ecosystems make controlled experiments diicult. If Alife is ever to contribute sig-niicantly to biology, we must nd methods by which we can build conndence in our models. One alternative to experimental tests of a model is to validate it against previously veriied theory. I have applied a series of ecological and evolutionary validation tests to a model of species diversiication. Examination of the predator-prey dynamics, trophic cascades, competitive exclusion, adaptation, and the species-area curve in the model has shown that a course grained spatial structure was inadequate to capture the realistic dynamics of an ecosystem. Only when spatial structure was extended to the local patch dynamics did the model begin to behave realistically under a wide range of parameters. Validation of the ecological dynamics of the model provides indirect support for the evolutionary behavior of the species within the ecosystem. Every model is an abstraction and a simpliication. The goal of a model is to capture the essence of a system in the real world such that the behavior of the model matches the behavior of the real system. Thus for any model we may ask if it is a valid representation of the real system. Answering this question is the problem of validation. Traditionally we can try to disprove the validity of the model by collecting data from the real system and comparing it to the predictions of the model. for their guidance and support. In artiicial life we rarely have that luxury. Artiicial life models tend to be highly abstract and general because the eld is striving to discover general properties of life. This makes experimental validation extremely diicult. The time scale of evolution tends to restrict experiments to observation of the fossil record (Benton 1990, for example) or manipulation of organisms with extremely short life-cycles in simpliied environments (Krukonis 1996, for example). Similarly, the complexity and size of ecosystems makes ecological experiments cumbersome and diicult to control. An alternative form of validation can be pursued indirectly through reference to ecological and evolutionary theory. Instead of asking if the model matches the …
Research Reports on Mathematical and Computing Sciences

Robust optimization is one of typical approaches to optimize a system with incomplete information and considerable uncertainty. The standard robust optimization problem minimizes maximum cost by focusing on the considerable worst case. In some application ﬁeld, it is certainly important to consider the worst case among all considerable cases, but this min-max criterion tends to lead an overly conservative decision. In this paper, we regard statistical learning problems as uncertain problems, and introduce a risk measure known as the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) in order to dissolve overly con-servativeness of robust optimization and depresses inﬂuence of outliers or measurement error which may be included in assumed uncertainty set. Monte Carlo sampling is applied to obtain an optimal solution of CVaR robust problem approximately, and convergence property of the solution is proved by using Vapnik and Chervonenkis theory. We point out that in the context of machine learning, CVaR robust problem is identical to ν -support vector classiﬁcation or ν - support vector regression with apt uncertainty, and show that proposed approach is useful to deal with measurement errors in observations.
The Effect of Harmonious Passion and Concentration on Perceived Performance: Based on Comparison Analysis by Strength Use Groups

본 연구는 기업 내 조직원의 강점활용을 통한 조화열정과 집중이 지각된 성과에 미치는 영향을 실증적으 로 규명하고자 했다. 이에 본 연구는 조직 내 구성원의 조화열정과 집중이 지각된 성과에 미치는 영향과 이 관계에서 강점 활용의 집단 별 차이를 비교 분석하는 연구 모형을 설계하고 국내 기업 내 조직구성원 총 460명을 대상으로 수집된 설문을 통해 분석하였다. 분석결과 조직원들의 조화열정과 집중은 지각된 성 과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 조화열정과 지각된 성과의 관계에서는 강점 활용 정도 에 따른 고집단과 저집단을 비교했을 때 고집단에서만 유의미한 관계가 나타나는 것으로 확인되어 조화열 정과 같은 조직원의 심리적 변인들을 성과로 연결시키는데 있어서 강점활용이 영향요인으로 작용할 수 있 음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 조직의 강점 활용이 개인과 조직에게 미치는 잠재적 유익을 실증적으로 제시했다는데 그 의의가 있으며, 조직 구성원들의 심리적 동기 변인과 강점활용의 중요성을 강조하고, 그 활용방안을 모색하고자 했다.
The Effect of Technology Self-Efficacy and Personal Engagement on Students’ and Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Technology Use in Education

The influx of technology into K-12 education coupled with preparing students for entry into a global workforce led many school systems to mandate the integration of technology into daily instruction. This mixed method study investigated teachers’ and students’ technology self-efficacy and attitudes toward technology usage and the affect on technology implementation in the classroom. Previous studies addressed teacher beliefs, attitudes, and barriers to technology use; the inclusion of students’ views added a dimension missing from the earlier literature. Venkatesh, Morris, Davis, and Davis’ (2003) Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology was used as the underlying conceptual framework along with four key constructs predictive of technology usage complied by Gu, Zhu, and Guo (2013). The merged model incorporated technology self-efficacy and attitudes toward use as measures affecting integrated technology. Through focus groups and online surveys, participants indicated high engagement with technology for personal use. Additionally, teachers and students identified increased efficiency afforded by the use of technology for instructional purposes. This study found that despite students’ high technology self-efficacy and positive attitude towards its use, current technology use is dictated by teachers’ technology self-efficacy and knowledge of technology integration within the curriculum.
Should Part-time Jobs be Subsidised ?

This article shows that in the context of a matching model with two imperfectly substitutable sectors, the coexistence of jobs characterised by different working hours can be explained by the capital intensities specific to each sector. Firms alone finance the capital used in the production process, so that a hold-up problem appears in wage negotiations. When the job-seeking of (ex ante homogeneous) workers is random, this phenomenon generates involuntary part-time work. Furthermore, the proportion of part-time jobs and the socially efficient total number of jobs are incompatible at the laissez-faire equilibrium. Consequently, heavier taxes (or lower subsidies) on part-time jobs relative to full-time jobs improve economic efficiency and might thereby stimulate participation in the labour market. Cet article montre que dans le cadre d'un modele d'appariement avec deux secteurs imparfaitement substituables, la coexistence d'emplois caracterises par des durees du travail differentes peut s'expliquer par des intensites capitalistiques propres a chaque secteur. Les firmes financent seules le capital necessaire a la production si bien qu'un phenomene de holdup lie aux negociations salariales apparait. Lorsque la prospection d'emploi des travailleurs (homogenes ex ante) n'est pas dirigee, ce phenomene engendre du travail a temps partiel contraint. En outre, la proportion d'emplois a temps partiel et le nombre total d'emplois socialement efficaces sont incompatibles a l'equilibre de laissez faire. Aussi, taxer plus lourdement (ou subventionner moins fortement) les emplois a temps partiel relativement aux emplois a temps complet ameliore l'efficacite economique, ce qui pourrait stimuler la participation au marche du travail.
CRTBA: Chinese Remainder Theorem-Based Broadcast Authentication in Wireless Sensor Networks

Broadcast authentication is a critical security service in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, due to resource constrains of sensor nodes, providing authentication mechanism for broadcast message is difficult. μTESLA is a lightweight broadcast authentication protocol, which use a one-way hash chain and the delayed disclosure of keys to provide the authentication service. However, it suffers from several drawbacks in terms of time synchronization. In this paper, we propose a novel protocol, Chinese Remainder Theorem Broadcast Authentication (CRTBA), for wireless sensor networks. CRTBA uses Chinese Remainder Theorem to associate the authenticating procedure of the authentication key and the Message Authentication Code of broadcast messages together. The proposed scheme has the advantage that no time synchronization is required and then the receiver can authentication packets instantly without buffering packets. The analysis shows that this scheme is efficient and practical, and can achiever better performance than the μTESLA. Keywords-Wireless Sensor Networks; Broadcast Authentication; Chinese Remainder Theorem
Cognitive sensor networks: Towards self-adapting ambient intelligence for pervasive healthcare

The importance as well as the availability of sensor-based technology and environments is constantly increasing. This is not only based on the latest advances in sensor technology but also due to the incorporation of more powerful communication and processing mechanisms into the sensor nodes which may, eventually, allow for the emergence of cognitive intelligence from within such networks themselves. Such platforms are collectively referred to as wireless sensor networks, which provide not only the capabilities to sense and to process information but also to act upon them, which allows to actively influence the underlying context. Consequently, future intelligent infrastructures will be largely based on sensor network technology that will provide the layers for contextual information gathering, knowledge processing as well as for adaptation and optimization mechanisms. This will pave the way for new types of application and services in the area of pervasive computing in healthcare and beyond that are fully autonomous in all aspects of their operations as well as their set-up and maintenance. This paper sketches the potential and challenges of future sensor networks that provide the foundations for self-adapting ambient intelligence and briefly discusses some of the requirements thereof.
LIDAR Observations and Comparison with Numerical Simulation of a Lake Michigan Land Breeze Front

As a part of the Lake-Induced Convection Experiments (Lake-ICE), on December 21, 1997 the University of Wisconsin Volume Imaging Lidar (UW-VIL) observed a visually stunning example of a shallow (~75-100 m) land breeze circulation over Lake Michigan. Backscatter returns revealed a steady offshore flow extending 1.5 to 4 km offshore, at which point it met the prevailing winds, which directly opposed the circulation. Since the prevailing onshore flow was weak enough to not overpower the local circulation, there was a consistent convergence zone offshore at the nose of the land breeze. Noting that the observed flow pattern is likely a simple combination of the large-scale atmospheric state and the local thermal forcing, we have simulated the day’s events using a high-resolution version of the University of Wisconsin Non-Hydrostatic Modeling System (UW-NMS). The lidar data was used as a validation tool for the model output.
Impact of viewing TV on the social life of rural illiterate and neo-literate adults

The investigator attempts to study the impact of viewing TV on four aspects of social life, namely, social mobility, social maturity, social services and fulfilment of social responsibilities. 200 illiterate and 200 non-literate adult rural people were randomly selected and their perception toward viewing TV was studied. Results reveal that viewing of TV programmes enhanced their social mobility and social maturity and activated them for social services ; however, it adversely affected the fulfilment of social responsibilities. The study was extended to literacy, status, sex and viewing time.
Altered NMDA Receptor Trafficking in a Yeast Artificial Chromosome Transgenic Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease

Overactivation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) is believed to play a role in degeneration of striatal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs) in Huntington's disease (HD). This hereditary disorder is caused by an expansion >35 in the polyglutamine (polyQ) region of the protein huntingtin (htt). Previous work has shown that NMDAR current, calcium signaling, and/or toxicity are enhanced in striatal MSNs in a variety of transgenic mice and cellular models of HD, but whether the enhancement is specific for MSNs or correlated with mutant htt (mhtt) polyQ length is not known. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying the increase in NMDAR activity has not been elucidated. Here we report polyQ length-dependent enhancement of peak NMDAR current density by mhtt in cultured MSNs, but not cortical neurons, from the yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) transgenic HD mouse model. We also observed a shift of NMDAR subunits NR1 and NR2B from internal pools to the plasma membrane and a significantly faster rate of NMDAR insertion to the surface in YAC72 MSNs. In comparing YAC72 with wild-type striatal tissue, subcellular fractionation revealed a relative enrichment of NR1 C2′-containing NMDARs in the vesicle/microsome-enriched fraction, and coimmunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated an increased proportion of NR1 C2′ isoforms associated with NR2 subunits, which may contribute to faster forward trafficking of these receptors. Our results suggest that altered NMDAR trafficking may underlie potentiation of NMDAR-mediated current and toxicity in the YAC72 HD mouse model. This polyQ length-dependent, neuronal-specific change in NMDAR activity induced by mhtt may contribute to selective neuronal degeneration in HD.
2005 7 th International Conference on Information Fusion ( FUSION ) Sensor quality evaluation in a multi-camera system

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to automatically assess the performance of video sensors in a a multi-camera system for video surveillance. Performance is measured through the quality of the segmentation obtained from each sensor. The key idea of this work is that no reference segmentation is assumed to be present, but the redundancy offered by the multiple cameras is exploited to construct the reference segmentation at each time instant. In this way, data coming from the different cameras may be weighted accordingly and fused. Encouraging experimental results have been obtained on real video sequences.
Additive versus abelian 2-representations of fiat 2-categories

We study connections between additive and abelian 2-rep- resentations of fiat 2-categories, describe combinatorics of 2-categories in terms of multisemigroups and determine the annihilator of a cell 2- representation. We also describe, in detail, examples of fiat 2-categories associated to sl2-categorification in the sense of Chuang and Rouquier, and 2-categorical analogues of Schur algebras.