Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sentiment Analysis and Classification for Software as a Service Reviews

With the rapid growth of cloud services, there has been a significant increase in the number of online consumer reviews and opinions on these services on different social media platforms. These reviews are a source of valuable information in regard to cloud market position and cloud consumer satisfaction. This study explores cloud consumers' reviews that reflect the user's experience with Software as a Service (SaaS) applications. The reviews were collected from different web portals, and around 4000 online reviews were analysed using sentiment analysis to identify the polarity of each review, that is, whether the sentiment being expressed is positive, negative, or neutral. Also, this research develops a model for predicting the sentiment of Software as a Service consumers' reviews using a supervised learning machine called a support vector machine (SVM). The sentiment results show that 62% of the reviews are positive which indicates that consumers are most likely satisfied with SaaS services. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the SVM-based Binary Occurrence approach (3-fold crossvalidation testing) is 92.30%, indicating it performs better in determining sentiment compared with other approaches (Term Occurrences, TFIDF). This work also provides valuable insight into online SaaS reviews and offers the research community the first SaaS polarity dataset.
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Reduces Severity of Pseudomonas Pneumonia in Mice and Inhibits Epithelial Barrier Disruption and Pseudomonas Invasion of Respiratory Epithelial Cells

Nosocomial pneumonia (NP) is the third most common hospital-acquired infection and the leading cause of death due to hospital-acquired infection in the US. During pneumonia and non-pneumonia severe illness, respiratory tract secretions become enriched with the serine protease neutrophil elastase (NE). Several NE activities promote onset and severity of NP. NE in the airways causes proteolytic tissue damage, augments inflammation, may promote invasion of respiratory epithelium by bacteria, and disrupts respiratory epithelial barrier function. These NE activities culminate in enhanced bacterial replication, impaired gas exchange, fluid intrusion into the airways, and loss of bacterial containment that can result in bacteremia. Therefore, neutralizing NE activity may reduce the frequency and severity of NP. We evaluated human alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT), the prototype endogenous NE inhibitor, as a suppressor of bacterial pneumonia and pneumonia-related pathogenesis. In AAT+/+ transgenic mice that express human AAT in lungs, mortality due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aer) pneumonia was reduced 90% compared to non-transgenic control animals. Exogenous human AAT given to non-transgenic mice also significantly reduced P.aer pneumonia mortality. P.aer-infected AAT+/+ mice demonstrated reduced lung tissue damage, decreased bacterial concentrations in lungs and blood, and diminished circulating cytokine concentrations compared to infected non-transgenic mice. In vitro, AAT suppressed P.aer internalization into respiratory epithelial cells and inhibited NE or P.aer-induced disruption of epithelial cell barrier function. The beneficial effects of human AAT in murine P.aer pneumonia raise the possibility of AAT use as a prophylactic treatment for NP in humans, and suggest a role for AAT as an innate immune mediator.
A hierarchical coordination language for interacting real-time tasks

We designed and implemented a new programming language called Hierarchical Timing Language (HTL) for hard realtime systems. Critical timing constraints are specified within the language,and ensured by the compiler. Programs in HTL are extensible in two dimensions without changing their timing behavior: new program modules can be added, and individual program tasks can be refined. The mechanism supporting time invariance under parallel composition is that different program modules communicate at specified instances of time. Time invariance under refinement is achieved by conservative scheduling of the top level. HTL is a coordination language, in that individual tasks can be implemented in "foreign" languages. As a case study, we present a distributed HTL implementation of an automotive steer-by-wire controller.
A Study on the Satisfaction of Substance Abusers and Their Families with a Substance Abuse Intervention Program

This study aims at determining the level of satisfaction with the intervention program for substance abusers and their families. In this descriptive research, there were 90 participants from Thayarak Institute: substance abusers (45); 93.34% use alcohol, and relatives (45) from purposive sampling. The researchers asked the participants to answer questionnaires and had in-depth interviews with them about their satisfaction with the intervention program. Data from the questionnaires and in-depth interviews were statistically analyzed for frequencies, percentages, mean scores, standard deviations and categories. It was found that the satisfaction with the intervention program is at a high level with average scores of 4.01 (out of 5) and 0.24 standard deviation. In-depth interviews reveal that (1) they were satisfied with the program, (2) the intervention program format: Relapse Prevention Program (RPP) 6 sessions, Family Intervention Program (4 sessions) and Counseling Program (2 sessions) was appropriate, but each session should last at least 2-3 hours to encourage the groups to express their opinions and share experiences, knowledge, and attitudes toward each other (3) The intervention program should offer less lecturing, but more skills dealing with how to take care of patients, and relapse prevention which emphasizes participatory learning. The findings indicate that a short-term intervention program is very important. Furthermore, each session should be extended to 2-3 hours to allow the participants to gain more benefits from the program. Keywords : Satisfaction, Substance abusers and their families, Substance abuse intervention program.
Population transcriptomes reveal synergistic responses of DNA polymorphism and RNA expression to extreme environments on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau in a predatory bird

Low oxygen and temperature pose key physiological challenges for endotherms living on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Molecular adaptations to high‐altitude living have been detected in the genomes of Tibetans, their domesticated animals and a few wild species, but the contribution of transcriptional variation to altitudinal adaptation remains to be determined. Here we studied a top QTP predator, the saker falcon, and analysed how the transcriptome has become modified to cope with the stresses of hypoxia and hypothermia. Using a hierarchical design to study saker populations inhabiting grassland, steppe/desert and highland across Eurasia, we found that the QTP population is already distinct despite having colonized the Plateau <2000 years ago. Selection signals are limited at the cDNA level, but of only seventeen genes identified, three function in hypoxia and four in immune response. Our results show a significant role for RNA transcription: 50% of upregulated transcription factors were related to hypoxia responses, differentiated modules were significantly enriched for oxygen transport, and importantly, divergent EPAS1 functional variants with a refined co‐expression network were identified. Conservative gene expression and relaxed immune gene variation may further reflect adaptation to hypothermia. Our results exemplify synergistic responses between DNA polymorphism and RNA expression diversity in coping with common stresses, underpinning the successful rapid colonization of a top predator onto the QTP. Importantly, molecular mechanisms underpinning highland adaptation involve relatively few genes, but are nonetheless more complex than previously thought and involve fine‐tuned transcriptional responses and genomic adaptation.
Regulation of urokinase‐type plasminogen activator expression in squamous‐cell carcinoma of the oral cavity

We undertook a study to determine the role and regulation of expression of urokinase‐type plasminogen activator in squamous‐cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. The contribution of urokinase to the invasive process was clearly demonstrated in experiments in which in vitro invasion by a cultured squamous‐cell carcinoma cell line was substantially reduced by a monoclonal antibody directed at the catalytic site of urokinase. The conditioned medium from 2 invasive cell lines contained high levels of urokinase. Examination of resected tumors for urokinase revealed (a) localization of the antigen to the tumor cells and (b) higher levels of the plasminogen activator in tumor tissue than in adjacent non‐malignant tissue. These results suggested that elevated expression of urokinase is a common feature of this malignancy. The mRNA half‐lives of cell lines expressing high and low levels of urokinase were similar, indicating that elevated levels of mRNA for the plasminogen activator were not a consequence of a more stable transcript. No evidence of u‐PA gene amplification was obtained by Southern blotting of DNA derived from the cell lines expressing high urokinase levels. Transfection of squamous‐cell carcinoma cells, which express high levels of urokinase, with a construct bearing the chloram‐phenicol acetyl transferase gene driven by the full‐length (2345 bp) urokinase promoter indicated activation of the urokinase promoter in trans. In conclusion, our results suggest that transcriptional activation of the urokinase gene, in squamous‐cell carcinomas of the oral cavity, leads to elevated levels of urokinase mRNA/protein which, in turn, can promote the invasive phenotype.
T Cells and Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Acquired Myasthenia Gravis

Abstract: Although the symptoms of myasthenia gravis (MG) and experimental MG (EAMG) are caused by autoantibodies, CD4+ T cells specific for the target antigen, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and the cytokines they secrete, have an important role in these diseases. CD4+ T cells have a pathogenic role, by permitting and facilitating the synthesis of high‐affinity anti‐AChR antibodies. Th1 CD4+ cells are especially important because they drive the synthesis of anti‐AChR complement‐fixing IgG subclasses. Binding of those antibodies to the muscle AChR at the neuromuscular junction will trigger the complement‐mediated destruction of the postsynaptic membrane. Thus, IL‐12, a crucial cytokine for differentiation of Th1 cells, is necessary for development of EAMG. Th2 cells secrete different cytokines, with different effects on the pathogenesis of EAMG. Among them, IL‐10, which is a potent growth and differentiation factor for B cells, facilitates the development of EAMG. In contrast, IL‐4 appears to be involved in the differentiation of AChR‐specific regulatory CD4+ T cells, which can prevent the development of EAMG and its progression to a self‐maintaining, chronic autoimmune disease. Studies on the AChR‐specific CD4+ cells commonly present in the blood of MG patients support a crucial role of CD4+ T cells in the development of MG. Circumstantial evidence supports a pathogenic role of IL‐10 also in human MG. On the other hand, there is no direct or circumstantial evidence yet indicating a role of IL‐4 in the modulatory or immunosuppressive circuits in MG.
Cyclooxygenase‐2: an essential regulator of NO‐mediated apoptosis

Lipopolysaccharide/interferon γ up‐regulated inducible nitric oxide synthase and caused nitric oxide generation and concomitant apoptotic cell death in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Exogenously supplied nitric oxide donors such as S‐nitrosoglutathione produced equivalent alterations. Preactivation of macrophages with a combination of lipopolysaccharide/interferon γ under conditions of blocked NO synthase—NG‐monomethyl‐L‐arginine addition—or stimulation with a low, nondestructive dose of S‐nitrosoglutathione conferred protection against high and thus apoptotic NO concentrations. Here we report that induction of cyclooxygenase‐2 during the preactivation period is a critical regulator of macrophage apoptosis. Under resting conditions, macrophages do not express cyclooxygenase‐2, whereas lipopolysaccharide/interferon γ/NG‐monomethyl‐L‐arginine prestimulation for 12–15 h caused protein expression. In parallel, preactivation of RAW cells with a low, nontoxic dose of S‐nitrosoglutathione promoted protection and cyclooxygenase‐2 up‐regulation. To prove cyclooxygenase‐2 involvement during protection, we stably transfected RAW 264.7 macrophages with a rat cyclooxygenase‐2 expression vector. Cyclooxygenase‐2 overexpressing macrophages, preactivated with the calcium liberating and thus phopholipase A2‐activating agent A23187, revealed protection against exogenously supplied NO. Protection afforded by lipopolysaccharide/interferon γ/NG‐monomethyl‐L‐arginine prestimulation was completely reversed by the addition of the cyclooxygenase‐2 selective inhibitor NS‐398 or in macrophages stably transfected with an antisense cyclooxygenase‐2 expression vector. Our results point to cyclooxygenase‐2 induction by lipopolysaccharide/interferon γ/NG‐Wonomethyl‐L‐arginine or low‐dose nitric oxide pretreatment conferring macrophage protection to the apoptotic action of nitric oxide. —von Knethen, A. , Brüne, B. Cyclooxygenase‐2: an essential regulator of NO‐mediated apoptosis. FASEB J. 11, 887–895 (1997)
Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection

Important progress in the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) includes the development of nucleic acid amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ligase chain reaction (LCR). Commercial kits are available, but they are costly, sporadic in availability, must be imported, and are economically beyond the reach of common people. To overcome this limitation, most research laboratories have standardized their in‐house‐developed PCR methods for diagnosing this infection. However, each laboratory has to spend a great deal of time and money to accomplish this. Published reports do not always elaborate the steps involved in standardizing a test so that it can immediately be reproduced in another setting. In the present study we attempted to elaborate the steps involved in standardizing a sensitive and specific PCR technique followed by hybridization with specific C. trachomatis probe to diagnose this infection in cervical, introital, and urine specimens, and used it to determine the infection rate in a clinical population. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 20:8–14, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A systematic nerve‐sparing radical hysterectomy technique in invasive cervical cancer for preserving postsurgical bladder function

The objective of this study is to describe a technique for preserving the autonomic nerve systematically, including the hypogastric nerves, pelvic splanchnic nerves, and pelvic plexus and its vesical branches, based on anatomic considerations for the autonomic nerves innervating the urinary bladder, in radical hysterectomies and to assess postsurgical bladder function. A nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy was carried out on 27 consecutive patients with uterine cervical cancer treated between 2000 and 2002. The FIGO stages of the disease consisted of 10 stage Ib1, 6 stage Ib2, 3 stage IIa, and 8 stage IIb. The nerve-sparing procedure was successfully completed in 22 of the 27 patients (81.5%) in the study. At 1 year after the operation, bladder symptoms were significantly improved in the nerve-sparing group compared to the non–nerve-sparing group. Urinary incontinence and abnormal (diminished) bladder sensation were observed in three of the five patients (two patients had both symptoms), for whom the nerve-sparing procedure could not be performed, but none of the 22 patients for whom the nerve-sparing procedure was performed had incontinence, and only two patients had abnormal (increased) bladder sensation (P = 0.0034 for incontinence and P = 0.030 for abnormal bladder sensation). The patients' survival was not adversely affected by the nerve-sparing procedure. Although it is still preliminary, the surgical technique described in this report is thought to be effective for preserving bladder function, and thus, the quality of life could be improved for patients with cervical cancer who are treated with a radical hysterectomy. For further evaluation of the efficacy of nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy, a prospective randomized trial needs to be performed.
OPTIMAL EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION OF A NONRENEWABLE RESOURCE

Earlier studies of exhaustible resource production and pricing usually assume that there is a fixed reserve base that can be exploited over time. In reality there is no "fixed" reserve base (in an economically meaningful sense), since as price rises, additional proved and potential reserves become economical. Here we view a resource like oil as being "nonrenewable" rather than "exhaustible. " There is a proved reserve base which is the basis for production, and exploratory activity is the means of increasing or maintaining this proved reserve base. "Potential reserves" are unlimited, but as depletion ensues, given amounts of exploratory activity result in ever-smaller discoveries. Thus resource producers must determine simultaneously their optimal rate of exploratory activity and their optimal rate of production. Optimal trajectories for exploratory activity and production are determined for both competitive and monopolistic producers, and are applied to a simple model of oil production in the Permian region of Texas. ** This report was partly sponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. (EPRI). Neither EPRI, members of EPRI, nor the Massachusetts Institute of ecnnology, nor any person acting on behalf of either; a. Makes any warranty or representation, express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained in this report, or that the use of any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report may not infringe privately owned rights; or b. Assumes any liabilities with respect to the use of, or for damages resulting from the use of, any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report. Optimal Exploration and Production of a Nonrenewable Resource
Antibody‐mediated demyelination in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis is independent of complement membrane attack complex formation

The effects of decomplementation by cobra venom factor (CVF) on the pathogenesis of inflammation and demyelination in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and acute antibody‐mediated demyelinating EAE (ADEAE) have been quantified histologically and immunocytochcmically. In rats immunized with 50 μg of myelin basic protein in Freund's complete adjuvant containing 100μg heat‐killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra, clinical signs of EAE were completely suppressed by two injections of CVF given 9 and 12 days post‐immunization. Suppression of clinical disease was associated with a dramatic reduction in peri‐vascular inflammation in the CNS. although immunohistochemical staining identified small numbers of infiltrating T cells and macrophages. In contrast, CVF treatment had no significant effect on the clinical severity of ADEAE and although C9 deposition within the CNS was virtually abolished, there was no statistically significant decrease in the extent of demyelination or inflammation. These observations indicate that in the absence of complement components C3 and C5 an antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxic response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of antibody‐mediated demyelination. The major role of the complement cascade in EAE appears to be the generation of pro‐inflammatory factors that enhance the inflammatory response within the CNS in animals facing a mild encephalitogenic challenge.
Impression Management in Corporate Social Reporting, Evidence from BP PLB

The purpose of this research is to examine the existence of impression management tools, thematic and rhetoric manipulations, in environmental and corporate disclosures of the firms with poor environmental performances. We considered the passive and active voice, percentage of personal references and positive connotation of writers in corporate reports as the tools for impression management. BP. PLC. Oil spill is the most important accident in the petroleum industry which it enables us to consider it as an ideal case for analyzing the existence of impression management in sustainable report and chairman’s statement. Overall our findings are consistent with existence of impression management.According to our findings, BP’s managers engaged impression management strategies by detaching themselves from writing and applying positive emotions in order to conceal negative performance. This is in consistent with the hypothesis that the firm’s with negative corporate outcomes, managers attempt to control the users and stockholders’ perception.
Large-Scale Immersive Displays in Entertainment and Education

Large-scale immersive displays have an established history in planetaria and large-format film theaters. Video-based immersive theaters are now emerging, and promise to revolutionize group entertainment and education as the computational power and software applications become available to fully exploit these environments. Requirements for an effective visual display are developed. Limitations of commercial projection and image generation technologies are discussed and improvements are suggested. Trade-offs between flat, cylindrical, and spherical projection screens are discussed. Recent work is presented in group telepresence and interactive VR Cinema. Ongoing issues include group interactivity paradigms, show production tools, and the need for research establishments to disseminate compelling source material to public venues. Research topics are suggested in Human Factors, Virtual Reality, Computer Graphics and Display Engineering.
"My Father was right": The transmission of values between generations

The influence of parents' savings behaviour on that of their children has often been remarked. This paper attempts to explain this "poids d'Anchise" via a unique French dataset collected by DELTA and TNSSofres in 2002, which contains both savings and subjective information for two or three generations of the same family. Parents' and children's risk and discounting preferences are significantly positively intergenerationally correlated. The correlation coefficients are around 0.25, so that the two preferences are nonetheless far from identical. In addition, the elasticity of children's wealth with respect to that of their parents is around 0.22. This correlation is corrected for the influence of age on wealth, and concerns only co-existing generations, that is before the most significant intergenerational transfers have taken place. The analysis of the raw correlations with a series of explanatory variables reveals that over 40% of this elasticity can be explained by the permanent incomes of the two generations. Each of education and preferences separately account for about 20%, and previous intergenerational transfers for about 13%. When permanent income is controlled for, the contribution of savings preferences is around 13%. The transmission of preferences therefore plays a non-negligible role in the intergenerational transmission of wealth inequalities, but is far from being the most important factor.