Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psicopatía: una perspectiva dimensional y no penal del constructo

The history of psychopathy is remarkably tied to antisocial behavior, as shown by Latin American studies in the area predominantly investigating psychopathy in criminal contexts. However, recent findings are sugesting that antisocial behavior, due to its nonspecificity, should not be considered a core feature of the psychopathy construct, making it possible to study psychopathy in the general population. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to revise the literature regarding psychopathy, focusing on studies that favour a dimensional and noncriminal view of the construct. Relationships with antisocial behavior, results from taxometric studies, associations with narcissism and machiavellianism, and with the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory are reviewed. Finally, we highlight the need of further empirical research on psychopathy in non-forensic contexts in Latin America and the need of adaptation and construction of psychometric measures suitable for this purpose.
Healthcare Needs of the Transgender Homeless Population

This is the first of three articles in this issue of The Journal of Gay and Lesbian Mental Health documenting the proceedings of the workshop “The Psychiatric Needs of the Transgender Homeless Population” at the 2009 American Psychiatric Association's Institute on Psychiatric Services Conference in New York City. This article describes some of the healthcare needs of the transgender homeless population and potential ways of addressing these needs. Homelessness disproportionately affects the transgender population for many reasons. Transgender persons are often rejected by their families and peers, and marginalized in our society, leading to increased risks of unemployment and homelessness. They are frequently not engaged in necessary mental health and medical care due to barriers arising from both their gender minority status and the barriers associated with homelessness. In order for this population to gain access to necessary mental health and medical care, all providers interfacing with them need to identify and assess their individual needs as well as have a basic understanding of this population's public health concerns.
Concept of neural genoarchitecture and its genomic fundament

The recent concept of neural genoarchitecture (or genoarchitectonics) is examined from several angles, aiming to clarify the rationale for this new approach in causal and descriptive neuroanatomy. Gene expression patterns can be used as topographic stains revealing architectonic borders that may clarify, dispute, or complicate existing brain anatomical subdivisions based on other methods, while increasing our understanding of how they arise in ontogenesis and evolution. A section of the text deals with differential regulation of gene expression in an ontogenetic causal network, attending to the structure of the genome and the functional peculiarities of enhancer and repressor regulatory regions that modulate gene transcription. The emergence of regionally characteristic sets of active transcription factors represents a critical concept, molecular identity, which can be applied to discrete brain territories and neuronal populations. Gene regulation is tied to positional effects, that is, topologically invariant domains of gene expression and natural boundaries, which can be correlated with anatomic ones. The large-scale stability of these patterns among vertebrates underpins molecularly the structural brain Bauplan, and is the fundament of field homology. The study of genoarchitectonic boundaries is presented as a crucial objective of modern neuroanatomic research. At most brain regions, new neuronal populations are being detected thanks to their differential genoarchitectonic features.
Astrocytes Control Breathing Through pH-Dependent Release of ATP

Astrocytes, ATP, Brainstem, and Breathing Astrocytes (or glial cells), previously assumed to be passive players in brain physiology, may play a functional role in a number of complex behaviors. The central chemosensory control of breathing involves highly specialized neuronal populations in the brainstem, but what about astrocytes? Gourine et al. (p. 571, published online 15 July) now present evidence that glial cells may help to control breathing. A number of techniques were used to reveal glial calcium rises in vitro that elicit a depolarization of neurons in the primary locus for central respiratory chemosensitivity. The depolarization in these neurons is evoked by vesicular release of ATP in neighboring astrocytes in response to the fall in extracellular pH. Thus, brainstem astrocytes have the ability to sense changes in blood and brain CO2, and pH directly, and may control the activity of the respiratory neuronal networks to regulate breathing. Central nervous system glial cells are key players in the chemo-reflex essential for breathing. Astrocytes provide structural and metabolic support for neuronal networks, but direct evidence demonstrating their active role in complex behaviors is limited. Central respiratory chemosensitivity is an essential mechanism that, via regulation of breathing, maintains constant levels of blood and brain pH and partial pressure of CO2. We found that astrocytes of the brainstem chemoreceptor areas are highly chemosensitive. They responded to physiological decreases in pH with vigorous elevations in intracellular Ca2+ and release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP propagated astrocytic Ca2+ excitation, activated chemoreceptor neurons, and induced adaptive increases in breathing. Mimicking pH-evoked Ca2+ responses by means of optogenetic stimulation of astrocytes expressing channelrhodopsin-2 activated chemoreceptor neurons via an ATP-dependent mechanism and triggered robust respiratory responses in vivo. This demonstrates a potentially crucial role for brain glial cells in mediating a fundamental physiological reflex.
Cyberbullying Research: The Current State.

This paper contributes to the understanding af cyberbullying by summarising the key themes in an up-to-date review of the academic research literature. The misuse of, and abuse in, online environments is ever-increasing and becoming a growing concern for educators, families and authorities around the world. It needs investigation to be understood and prevented to ensure safe and beneficial experiences for children and adolescents through networked and mobile communications. The various types of malice are described as is the frequency of their occurrences and the most prevalent tools for inflicting harm. Given this fast emerging global problem and the scarcity of empirical studies, there is a strong and urgent need for further research in.
Mouse Hoxa2 mutations provide a model for microtia and auricle duplication

External ear abnormalities are frequent in newborns ranging from microtia to partial auricle duplication. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms orchestrating external ear morphogenesis. In humans, HOXA2 partial loss of function induces a bilateral microtia associated with an abnormal shape of the auricle. In mice, Hoxa2 inactivation at early gestational stages results in external auditory canal (EAC) duplication and absence of the auricle, whereas its late inactivation results in a hypomorphic auricle, mimicking the human HOXA2 mutant condition. By genetic fate mapping we found that the mouse auricle (or pinna) derives from the Hoxa2-expressing neural crest-derived mesenchyme of the second pharyngeal arch, and not from a composite of first and second arch mesenchyme as previously proposed based on morphological observation of human embryos. Moreover, the mouse EAC is entirely lined by Hoxa2-negative first arch mesenchyme and does not develop at the first pharyngeal cleft, as previously assumed. Conditional ectopic Hoxa2 expression in first arch neural crest is sufficient to induce a complete duplication of the pinna and a loss of the EAC, suggesting transformation of the first arch neural crest-derived mesenchyme lining the EAC into an ectopic pinna. Hoxa2 partly controls the morphogenesis of the pinna through the BMP signalling pathway and expression of Eya1, which in humans is involved in branchio-oto-renal syndrome. Thus, Hoxa2 loss- and gain-of-function approaches in mice provide a suitable model to investigate the molecular aetiology of microtia and auricle duplication.
Three-Dimensional Kinetic Adaptations of Gait throughout Pregnancy and Postpartum

Biomechanical adaptations that occur during pregnancy can lead to changes on gait pattern. Nevertheless, these adaptations of gait are still not fully understood. The purpose was to determine the effect of pregnancy on the biomechanical pattern of walking, regarding the kinetic parameters. A three-dimensional analysis was performed in eleven participants. The kinetic parameters in the joints of the lower limb during gait were compared at the end of the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy and in the postpartum period, in healthy pregnant women. The main results showed a reduction in the normalized vertical reaction forces, throughout pregnancy, particularly the third peak. Pregnant women showed, during most of the stance phase, medial reaction forces as a motor response to promote the body stability. Bilateral changes were observed in hip joint, with a decrease in the participation of the hip extensors and in the eccentric contraction of hip flexors. In ankle joint a decrease in the participation of ankle plantar flexors was found. In conclusion, the overall results point to biomechanical adjustments that showed a decrease of the mechanical load of women throughout pregnancy, with exception for few unilateral changes of hip joint moments.
Joint attention : its origins and role in development

Contents: Preface. J. Bruner, Foreword: From Joint Attention to the Meeting of Minds: An Introduction. P.J. Dunham, C. Moore, Current Themes in Research on Joint Attention. G. Butterworth, Origins of Mind in Perception and Action. S. Baron-Cohen, The Eye Detection Detector (EDD) and the Shared Attention Mechanism (SAM): Two Cases for Evolutionary Psychology. V. Corkum, C. Moore, Development of Joint Visual Attention in Infants. S. Desrochers, P. Morissette, M. Ricard, Two Perspectives on Pointing in Infancy. M. Tomasello, Joint Attention as Social Cognition. D.A. Baldwin, Understanding the Link Between Joint Attention and Language. P.J. Dunham, F. Dunham, Optimal Social Structures and Adaptive Infant Development. M. Sigman, C. Kasari, Joint Attention Across Contexts in Normal and Autistic Children. L.B. Adamson, D. McArthur, Joint Attention, Affect, and Culture. S.H. Landry, The Development of Joint Attention in Premature Low Birth Weight Infants: Effects of Early Medical Complications and Maternal Attention-Directing Behaviors. C.C. Raver, B.J. Leadbeater, Factors Influencing Joint Attention Between Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Adolescent Mothers and Their Infants.
Feed-Forward Propagation of Temporal and Rate Information between Cortical Populations during Coherent Activation in Engineered In Vitro Networks

Transient propagation of information across neuronal assembles is thought to underlie many cognitive processes. However, the nature of the neural code that is embedded within these transmissions remains uncertain. Much of our understanding of how information is transmitted among these assemblies has been derived from computational models. While these models have been instrumental in understanding these processes they often make simplifying assumptions about the biophysical properties of neurons that may influence the nature and properties expressed. To address this issue we created an in vitro analog of a feed-forward network composed of two small populations (also referred to as assemblies or layers) of living dissociated rat cortical neurons. The populations were separated by, and communicated through, a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device containing a strip of microscale tunnels. Delayed culturing of one population in the first layer followed by the second a few days later induced the unidirectional growth of axons through the microtunnels resulting in a primarily feed-forward communication between these two small neural populations. In this study we systematically manipulated the number of tunnels that connected each layer and hence, the number of axons providing communication between those populations. We then assess the effect of reducing the number of tunnels has upon the properties of between-layer communication capacity and fidelity of neural transmission among spike trains transmitted across and within layers. We show evidence based on Victor-Purpura’s and van Rossum’s spike train similarity metrics supporting the presence of both rate and temporal information embedded within these transmissions whose fidelity increased during communication both between and within layers when the number of tunnels are increased. We also provide evidence reinforcing the role of synchronized activity upon transmission fidelity during the spontaneous synchronized network burst events that propagated between layers and highlight the potential applications of these MEMs devices as a tool for further investigation of structure and functional dynamics among neural populations.
A randomized comparison of intravenous versus lumbar and thoracic epidural fentanyl for analgesia after thoracotomy.

Administration of large doses of fentanyl is a popular method to provide postoperative analgesia after thoracotomy. It is however unclear whether epidural lumbar (L) or epidural thoracic (T) administration of fentanyl confers any major advantage over intravenous (iv) infusion. Using a randomized prospective study design, we compared the potential benefits of L, T, and iv fentanyl administration after thoracotomy in 50 patients. Epidural catheters were not injected during surgery. Postoperatively a fentanyl infusion (5 micrograms/ml) was started at 1 microgram.kg-1.h-1 after a bolus of 1 microgram/kg and adjusted to maintain a score < or = 30/100 at rest using a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Data were prospectively collected before surgery, at fixed intervals during the 48 h of fentanyl infusions, and the day of discharge. There was no difference between the groups in overall quality of analgesia at rest and after coughing, quantity of fentanyl delivered (L = 1.15 +/- 0.38, T = 1.22 +/- 0.23, iv = 1.27 +/- 0.3 micrograms.kg-1.h-1), incidence of pruritus needing treatment (L = 2, T = 1, iv = 0 patients), need to decrease fentanyl infusion rate because of side effects (L = 2, T = 2, iv = 4 patients), importance of pulmonary infiltrates, or arterial blood gas values. One patient (L group) needed naloxone (0.04 mg iv). Intravenous patients were more frequently nauseated (P = .009) and needed boluses of fentanyl more often (L = 3 +/- 9, iv = 6 +/- 12, T = 4 +/- 8; P = .04). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Substitutions- oder Komplementenhypothese im Rahmen der Ausschüttungspolitik schweizerischer Kapitalgesellschaften: Eine empirische Studie

Der Beitrag untersucht fur am SMI kotierte Unternehmen, ob diese Aktienruckkaufe als Substitute oder Komplemente fur Nennwertruckzahlungen und Dividendenzahlungen verwenden. Durch die Verwendung einer Regressionsanalyse konnen unternehmensspezifische Faktoren wie der Verschuldungsgrad und die Unternehmensgrosse oder branchenspezifische Besonderheiten isoliert werden. Es wird gezeigt, dass Aktienruckkaufe statistisch signifikant als flexible Erganzung zur Dividende eingesetzt werden. Nennwertruckzahlungen dagegen dienen tendentiell als Substitut zu Aktienruckkaufen. Unternehmen gehen dabei sequentiell vor: Sie schutten zunachst steuerfreies Kapital in Form einer Nennwertruckzahlung aus und nutzen anschliessend Aktienruckkaufe als flexibles Ausschuttungsinstrument. Insofern berucksichtigen Manager bei der Ausschuttungsentscheidung steuerliche Optimierungsuberlegungen.
The Movidius Myriad Architecture's Potential for Scientific Computing

In recent years, a new generation of ultralow-power processors have emerged that are aimed primarily at signal processing in mobile computing. However, their architecture could make some of these useful for other applications. Algorithms originally developed for scientific computing are used increasingly in signal conditioning and emerging fields such as computer vision, increasing the demand for computing power in mobile systems. In this article, the authors describe the design and implementation of dense matrix multiplication on the Movidius Myriad architecture and evaluate its performance and energy efficiency. The authors demonstrate a performance of 8.11 Gflops on the Myriad I processor and a performance/watt ratio of 23.17 Gflops/W for a key computational kernel. These results show significant potential for scientific-computing tasks and invite further research.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Measurements of Higgs boson production and couplings in the four-lepton channel in pp collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The final ATLAS Run 1 measurements of Higgs boson production and couplings in the decay channel H → ZZ (cid:1) → l þ l − l 0þ l 0 − , where l , l 0 ¼ e or μ , are presented. These measurements were performed using pp collision data corresponding to integrated luminosities of 4.5 and 20 . 3 fb − 1 at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, respectively, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The H → ZZ (cid:1) → 4 l signal is observed with a significance of 8.1 standard deviations, with an expectation of 6.2 standard deviations, at m H ¼ 125 . 36 GeV, the combined ATLAS measurement of the Higgs boson mass from the H → γγ and H → ZZ (cid:1) → 4 l channels. The production rate relative to the Standard Model expectation, the signal strength, is measured in four different production categories in the H → ZZ (cid:1) → 4 l channel. The measured signal strength, at this mass, and with all categories combined, is 1 . 44 þ 0 . 40 − 0 . 33 . The signal strength for Higgs boson production in gluon fusion or in association with t ¯ t or b ¯ b pairs is found to be 1 . 7 þ 0 . 5 − 0 . 4 , while the signal strength for vector-boson fusion combined with WH=ZH associated production is found to be 0 . 3 þ 1 . 6 − 0 . 9 . VBF enriched, VH-hadronic enriched, VH-leptonic enriched and ggF enriched categories. The yields are given for the different production modes and the ZZ (cid:1) and reducible background for 4 . 6 fb − 1 at s p ¼ TeV and 20 . 3 fb − 1 at ﬃﬃﬃ s p ¼ 8 TeV. The estimates are given for both the m 4 l mass range 120 – 130 GeVand the mass range above 110 GeV.
Active Management of Low-Voltage Networks for Mitigating Overvoltages Due to Photovoltaic Units

In this paper, the overvoltage problems that might arise from the integration of photovoltaic (PV) panels into low-voltage (LV) distribution networks is addressed. A distributed scheme is proposed that adjusts the reactive and active power output of inverters to prevent or alleviate such problems. The proposed scheme is model-free and makes use of limited communication between the controllers in the form of a distress signal only during emergency conditions. It prioritizes the use of reactive power, while active power curtailment is performed only as a last resort. The behavior of the scheme is studied using dynamic simulations on a single LV feeder and on a larger network composed of 14 LV feeders. Its performance is compared with a centralized scheme based on the solution of an optimal power flow (OPF) problem, whose objective function is to minimize the active power curtailment. The proposed scheme successfully mitigates overvoltage situations due to high PV penetration and performs almost as well as the OPF-based solution with significantly less information and communication requirements.
Feedback Constraints for Adaptive Transmission

In this article, the feedback constraints that limit the potential of AMC and MIMO systems for FDD systems are presented. It has been shown that while adaptive transmission efficiently utilizes the available bandwidth and transmit power, feedback constraints could be a significant impediment. Channel prediction can be employed to compensate the impact of feedback delay but its effectiveness would depend on the accuracy of the channel model. It is also showed that feedback errors could cause outage regions where AMC is not feasible and could also impact the benefits of multiuser scheduling. Limited feedback is a major issue for MIMO-AMC systems because channel state information grows with the rank of the MIMO system, the number of transmission modes, and the number of users for broadcast systems. Since feedback transmission consumes resources that could otherwise be used for data transmission on the reverse channel, feedback design is extremely important especially for power-limited devices such as mobile stations. Finally, some open problems are outlined that are of interest to adaptive transmission systems
Tbx2 Terminates Shh/Fgf Signaling in the Developing Mouse Limb Bud by Direct Repression of Gremlin1

Vertebrate limb outgrowth is driven by a positive feedback loop that involves Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Gremlin1 (Grem1) in the posterior limb bud mesenchyme and Fibroblast growth factors (Fgfs) in the overlying epithelium. Proper spatio-temporal control of these signaling activities is required to avoid limb malformations such as polydactyly. Here we show that, in Tbx2-deficient hindlimbs, Shh/Fgf4 signaling is prolonged, resulting in increased limb bud size and duplication of digit 4. In turn, limb-specific Tbx2 overexpression leads to premature termination of this signaling loop with smaller limbs and reduced digit number as phenotypic manifestation. We show that Tbx2 directly represses Grem1 in distal regions of the posterior limb mesenchyme allowing Bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) signaling to abrogate Fgf4/9/17 expression in the overlying epithelium. Since Tbx2 itself is a target of Bmp signaling, our data identify a growth-inhibiting positive feedback loop (Bmp/Tbx2/Grem1). We propose that proliferative expansion of Tbx2-expressing cells mediates self-termination of limb bud outgrowth due to their refractoriness to Grem1 induction.
Effect of developmental and ancestral high altitude exposure on chest morphology and pulmonary function in Andean and European/North American natives

Chest depth, chest width, forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume (FEV1) were measured in 170 adult males differing by ancestral (genetic) and developmental exposure to high altitude (HA). A complete migrant study design was used to study HA natives (Aymara/Quechua ancestry, n = 88) and low altitude (LA) natives (European/North American ancestry, n = 82) at both altitude (La Paz, Bolivia, 3,600 m) and near sea level (Santa Cruz, Bolivia, 420 m). HAN and LAN migrant groups were classified as: Nth generation migrants, born and raised in a non‐native environment; child migrants who migrated during the period of growth and maturation (0–18 yrs); and adult migrants who migrated after 18 years of age. Chest depth, FVC, and FEV1 measures were larger with increasing developmental exposure in both HAN migrants at LA and LAN migrants at HA. Developmental responses were similar between HAN and LAN groups. FVC and FEV1 measures were larger in HANs vs LANs born and raised at HA to suggest a genetic effect, but were similar in HANs and LANs born and raised at LA. The similarity of HAN and LAN groups at LA suggests that the genetic potential for larger lung volumes at HA depends upon developmental exposure to HA. Additional data for females (HANs at HA, n = 20, and LAN adult migrants to HA, n = 17) show similar differences as those shown between male HAN and LAN groups. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 11:383–395, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.