Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Dental Caries among the Population of Gwalior (India) in Relation of Different Associated Factors

Objectives India is unique in entire world due to variety of dietary habits in population. Many people of India follow totally vegetarian life style through their entire life time due to some religious and cultural reasons. Present study tried to analyze the role of different factors in the occurrence of dental caries including dietary habit. Methods Persons suffering with dental caries were examined for the type of dental caries in relation to different factors. Dental examination was performed and patients were asked a questionnaire and the data was recorded and analyzed. Results Incidence of dental caries was higher in female. High number of dental caries patients was observed among vegetarian population. 21–30 year age group was found to be most infected with dental caries. Conclusions This study can be helpful to analyze respective role of different dietary factors including protein rich diet, age, gender etc. on the prevalence of dental caries, which can be helpful to counteract the potential increase in the cases of dental caries and to design and plan preventive strategies for the persons at greatest risk.
Assessing the Acetabular Cup Implant Primary Stability by Impact Analyses: A Cadaveric Study

Background The primary stability of the acetabular cup (AC) implant is an important determinant for the long term success of cementless hip surgery. However, it remains difficult to assess the AC implant stability due to the complex nature of the bone-implant interface. A compromise should be found when inserting the AC implant in order to obtain a sufficient implant stability without risking bone fracture. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of impact signals analyses to assess the primary stability of AC implants inserted in cadaveric specimens. Methods AC implants with various sizes were inserted in 12 cadaveric hips following the same protocol as the one employed in the clinic, leading to 86 different configurations. A hammer instrumented with a piezoelectric force sensor was then used to measure the variation of the force as a function of time produced during the impact between the hammer and the ancillary. Then, an indicator I was determined for each impact based on the impact momentum. For each configuration, twelve impacts were realized with the hammer, the value of the maximum amplitude being comprised between 2500 and 4500 N, which allows to determine an averaged value IM of the indicator for each configuration. The pull-out force F was measured using a tangential pull-out biomechanical test. Results A significant correlation (R2 = 0.69) was found between IM and F when pooling all data, which indicates that information related to the AC implant biomechanical stability can be retrieved from the analysis of impact signals obtained in cadavers. Conclusion These results open new paths in the development of a medical device that could be used in the future in the operative room to help orthopedic surgeons adapt the surgical protocol in a patient specific manner.
Identifying Social Communities by Frequent Pattern Mining

This paper presents a social network modeling technique that models the data to be analyzed to create a social network as frequent closed patterns. Frequent closed patterns have the advantage that they successfully grab the inherent information content of the dataset and is applicable to a broader application domain. Entropies of the frequent closed patterns are used to keep the dimensionality of the feature vectors to a reasonable size. Experimental results presented in the paper shows that social network produced from these set of features successfully carries the community structure information.
Neurofilament Proteins as Body Fluid Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis

Biomarkers of axonal degeneration have the potential to improve our capacity to predict and monitor neurological outcome in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Neurofilament proteins, one of the major proteins expressed within neurons and axons, have been detected in cerebrospinal fluid and blood samples from MS patients and are now being actively investigated for their utility as prognostic indicators of disease progression in MS. In this paper, we summarize the current literature on neurofilament structure, assembly, and degeneration and discuss their potential utility as biomarkers for monitoring neurological decline in MS. We also discuss the need to further develop sensitive methods for assaying neurofilaments in blood to improve clinical applicability.
Monetary Policy in a Small Open Economy with Endogenous Financial Dollarization

This paper analyses optimal monetary policy in a small open economy allowing for flnancial dollarization (FD). More importantly, we endogenise FD, making it dependent on the expected monetary policy. Contrary to the standard small open economy model, where central banks should control domestic (producer) prices and adopt a pure ∞oating exchange rate regime, we flnd that some exchange rate control is optimal. The extent of this control increases with the level of domestic credit and the degree of openness, and decreases with the degree of rigidity in wages. We also show that introducing regulations preventing agents from making deposits and loans in foreign currency increases welfare but is not Pareto improving given that lenders are worse-ofi.
Photon-photon interactions in cavity electromagnetically induced transparency

Dissipation-free photon-photon interaction at the single photon level is studied in the context of cavity electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). For a single multilevel atom exhibiting EIT in the strong cavity-coupling regime, the anharmonicity of the atom-cavity system has an upper bound determined by single atom-photon coupling strength. Photon blockade is inferred to occur for both single and multi-atom cases from the behaviour of transition rates between dressed states of the system. Numerical calculations of the second order coherence function indicate that photon antibunching in both single and two-atom cases are strong and comparable.
Psychological Flexibility and Self-Compassion in Gay and Heterosexual Men: How They Relate to Childhood Memories, Shame, and Depressive Symptoms

ABSTRACT This study explores differences between men who are gay (n = 53) and men who are heterosexual (n = 52) regarding memories of shame events and of warmth and safeness experiences with parents during childhood and adolescence, self-compassion, psychological flexibility, internal shame, and depression. Also, it aims to explore whether psychological flexibility and self-compassion play a role in the association between these memories and internal shame and depressive symptoms. Results confirmed the mediating role of psychological flexibility and self-compassion. These findings suggest the appropriateness of promoting acceptance and self-compassion towards difficult memories in a therapeutic setting with men who are gay experiencing shame and depressive symptoms.
Applications of correlated photon pairs : sub-shot noise interferometry and entanglement

Using cesium atoms weakly coupled to a low-finesse cavity, we have generated photon pairs that are highly correlated in a non-classical way, as demonstrated by a large violation of the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality G = 760+2100 for a bin width T = 60 ns. Biphoton interferometry of the correlated pairs via the Holland-Burnett scheme [1] holds promise to demonstrate precision beyond the shot noise limit, although the current interference fringe visibility of = 0.84 ± 0.04 only translates to a shot noise limited phase uncertainty. Polarization-time entangled pairs can also be directly generated, by optically pumping the atoms to both IF = 3, mF = ±3) ground states. The degree of entanglement, expressed by the calculated fidelity f = 0.81 ± 0.09 and calculated Bell state parameter S = 2.3 ± 0.2, is estimated to be finite but not maximal. Thesis Supervisor: Professor Vladan Vuleti6 Title: Lester Wolfe Associate Professor of Physics
Complete Currarino syndrome in an adult, presenting as a fecalith obstruction: report of a case.

onstipation is a common patient complaint and is frequently secondary to poor bowel or dietary habits. Organic causes include endocrine or electrolyte abnormalities, colonic neoplasm or other obstructing mass lesions, and neurologic dysfunction such as Hirschsprung’s disease. Constipation that is refractory to treatment or results in complications such as fecal impaction warrants consideration of occult causes. One rare cause of chronic constipation is sacral agenesis. Sacral agenesis in a triad of anorectal malformation, sacral bony abnormality and a presacral mass (which may be a meningocele, a teratoma or an enteric cyst) is known as Currarino syndrome. 1 In most cases, the syndrome (also known as Currarino’s triad) is diagnosed in childhood, with most descriptions being found in the pediatric literature. It is extremely uncommon for the syndrome to present in adulthood. We describe a man who presented with a fecalith and lifelong absence of spontaneous bowel movements as his only indication of Currarino syndrome. Case report
Elucidation of Genes Relevant to the Microaerobic Growth of Corynebacterium glutamicum

Mutagenized cell libraries of Corynebacterium glutamicum were screened for mutants that lost the ability to grow under low oxygen concentrations. The resulting high-oxygen-requiring mutants were used to clone wild-type DNA fragments that could complement the phenotype. Sequencing and subcloning analyses identified six genes, Cgl0807, Cgl1102, Cgl0600, Cgl1427, Cgl2857, and Cgl2859, as the genes responsible for complementation. Some of these genes showed cross-complementation of the mutants in oxygen-limiting static culture, suggesting the utility of these genes for improved growth and production under oxygen limitation.
Título: Estimating the Prevalence of Disordered Gambling Behavior in the United States and Canada: A Meta-analysis

This project was funded by a grant from the National Center for Responsible Gaming (NCRG), Kansas City, Missouri. The National Center for Responsible Gaming is the first national organization devoted exclusively to funding independent research on problem gambling and underage gambling. The NCRG funds basic and applied research projects selected through a rigorous peer review process. The authors accept full responsibility for the content and conclusions of this report.
Long-term treatment with bisphosphonates and their safety in postmenopausal osteoporosis

Bisphosphonates are the leading drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis. In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), alendronate, risedronate, and zoledronate have shown to reduce the risk of vertebral, nonvertebral, and hip fractures, whereas RCTs with ibandronate show antifracture efficacy at vertebral sites. Bisphosphonates are generally well tolerated and safe. Nevertheless, adverse events have been noted, and it is important to consider the strength of the evidence for causal relationships. Effects on the gastrointestinal tract and kidney function are well recognized, as are transient acute-phase reactions. Atrial fibrillation was first identified as a potential adverse event in a zoledronate trial, but subsequent trials and analyses failed to substantiate an association with bisphosphonates. Case reports have suggested a relationship between oral bisphosphonates and esophageal cancer, but this has not been demonstrated in epidemiologic studies. A possible association between bisphosphonate use and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) has also been suggested. However, the risk of ONJ in patients with osteoporosis appears to be very low, with no evidence from prospective RCTs of a causal association. There are reports of occasional occurrence of subtrochanteric or diaphyseal fractures in osteoporotic patients, but an association with bisphosphonate therapy is not substantiated by epidemiologic studies or prospective RCTs.
Personalized Recommendation Based on Co-Ranking and Query-Based Collaborative Diffusion

In this paper, we present an adaptive graph-based personalized recommendation method based on co-ranking and query-based collaborative diffusion. By utilizing the unique network structure of n-partite heterogeneous graph, we attempt to address the problem of personalized recommendation in a two-layer ranking process with the help of reasonable measure of high and low order relationships and analyzing the representation of user’s preference in the graph. The experiments show that this algorithm can outperform the traditional CF methods and achieve competitive performance compared with many model-based and graph-based recommendation methods, and have better scalability and flexibility.
A technique to detect books from library bookshelf image

In this paper, we present a technique to recognize books from library bookshelf images. The proposed technique includes several modules such as - noise removal, bookshelf row detection and book detection and extraction from bookshelf. Firstly, the image is filtered for noise removal and edges are detected. The proposed technique counts the number of pixels of every candidate for horizontal lines on the edge detected image and compares the value with a threshold. Elected lines are extended which creates some horizontal lines segmenting the image into different portions. These individual portions are considered as bookshelf row regions of the bookshelf and each of them is passed into the book detection module for further processing. Applying vertical line detection in the manner of horizontal line detection method on the segmented regions is not adequate to detect a book from shelf row because of the angular orientation of book arrangements. The proposed technique detects books arranged in different angular orientation on a shelf and differentiates between the book and non-book components based on some properties of the book shape. Experimental results show that the proposed technique is capable of extracting bookshelf rows and detecting individual books from library bookshelf image successfully.
Analysis of large-scale multi-stage all-optical packet switching routers

All-optical packet switching can overcome limitations of electronic switches in terms of power consumption, speed, cost, and footprint. Switch architectures combining wavelength converters and fiber delay lines provide tunable routing and contention resolution when used with an N × N arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), a key passive optical component to bypass electronic processing limitations. An AWG passively routes either single or multiple input port wavelengths to output ports. A single wavelength per port strategy reduces crosstalk within the AWG, but drastically increases the dimensionality of the device. AWG design constraints due to bandwidth limitations and fabrication processes limit the port number for the foreseeable future to under 100. In order to scale optical switches to emerging network requirements, we must use multiple wavelengths per port. In this paper, we examine several optical router architectures for data center applications using multiple wavelengths per port, and quantify the physical layer impairments. We consider not only the AWG crosstalk, but also Q-factor degradation caused by the multiple wavelength conversions occurring when a packet is buffered for contention resolution. We present the results as a function of the number of recirculations for on-off-keying (OOK) signal formats. While previous work has addressed this issue in terms of accumulated loss, we focus on accumulated intensity noise due to crosstalk and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). We compare the routing performance of each architecture, and we point out that the AWG crosstalk and accumulated ASE noise during packet recirculation are both critical to the routing performance.
All Green Composites from Fully Renewable Biopolymers: Chitosan-Starch Reinforced with Keratin from Feathers

The performance as reinforcement of a fibrillar protein such as feather keratin fiber over a biopolymeric matrix composed of polysaccharides was evaluated in this paper. Three different kinds of keratin reinforcement were used: short and long biofibers and rachis particles. These were added separately at 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% to the chitosan-starch matrix and the composites were processed by a casting/solvent evaporation method. The morphological characteristics, mechanical and thermal properties of the matrix and composites were studied by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. The thermal results indicated that the addition of keratin enhanced the thermal stability of the composites compared to pure matrix. This was corroborated with dynamic mechanical analysis as the results revealed that the storage modulus of the composites increased with respect to the pure matrix. The morphology, evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, indicated a uniform dispersion of keratin in the chitosan-starch matrix as a result of good compatibility between these biopolymers, also corroborated by FTIR. These results demonstrate that chicken feathers can be useful to obtain novel keratin reinforcements and develop new green composites providing better properties, than the original biopolymer matrix.
Band structure of MgB2 with different lattice constants

We report a detailed study of the electronic structure of the MgB 2 with different lattice constants by using the full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave method. It is found that the lattice parameters have great effect on the σ band of boron. Our results indicate that increasing the lattice constant along the c axis will increase the density of states at the Fermi level, shift the σ band upward, and increase the hole number in the (r band. So, the superconducting transition temperature T c will be raised correspondingly. Changing the lattice constant along a axis has the opposite effect to that of the c axis. Our result is in agreement with the experiment. A possible way of searching for higher T c superconductor has been indicated, i.e., making MgB 2 to have longer c axis and shorter a,b axis by doping.
Semantic encoding of relational databases in wireless networks

Semantic Encoding is a new, patented technology that greatly increases the speed of transmission of distributed databases over networks, especially over ad hoc wireless networks, while providing a novel method of data security. It reduces bandwidth consumption and storage requirements, while speeding up query processing, encryption and computation of digital signatures. We describe the application of Semantic Encoding in a wireless setting and provide an example of its operation in which a compression of 290:1 would be achieved.
Human Proxies for Remote University Classroom Attendance

Our research explores the idea of using a human proxy to attend a class on one's behalf where video streaming is used to share the class with the remote student. We explored this idea through an online survey and in-class participation. Survey results show that people favored "top students" to represent them where gender and race played a much less important role. Students also highly valued a proxy who was also taking the class so they could discuss the course material. In class, students found the setup beneficial and highly valued the pair-wised learning that it afforded. Despite this, proxies found it difficult to concentrate in class and to be a surrogate for someone else at the same time. Together our results highlight the benefits and challenges with human proxies for classroom attendance and raise a series of design sensitivities that should be explored as part of future research.
CIGARETTE SMOKING BEHAVIORS AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV: ASSOCIATIONS WITH INDIVIDUAL- AND SOCIAL-LEVEL CHARACTERISTICS

INTRODUCTION: Smoking is endemic among people with HIV and associated with morbidity and mortality. Little research has been conducted among smokers with HIV. Research has focused on examining individual-level characteristics associated with smoking behaviors, with little examination of social-level factors. Aim 1 included a literature review concerning the intersection of HIV and smoking. Aims 2-4 explored individualand social-level characteristics associated with current smoking (Aim 2), interest in quitting or cutting down (Aim 3), and lifetime quit attempts (Aim 4). METHODS: Data for Aims 2-4 came from a study designed to examine social environmental influences on HIV-positive current/former drug users’ health outcomes in Baltimore, Maryland. Logistic regression (Aims 2 and 4) and multinomial logistic regression (Aim 3) analyses were used to explore associations between covariates and outcomes. RESULTS: Aim 1: Literature concerning smoking among HIV-positive populations was reviewed. Topics included: morbidity, mortality, treatment and medication adherence outcomes; characteristics associated with smoking behaviors; evidence-based cessation interventions; findings from cessation interventions among smokers with HIV. Gaps in the literature and directions for future research were identified.
A framework for evaluating IT security investments in a banking environment

The amount of effort that can be expended on information security depends on funds available and management decisions. Organisations therefore have to prepare an annual budget for the maintenance and improvement of their information security systems. Two of the key issues that confront IT management, when dealing with IT security investments, are how to spend the IT security budget most effectively, and how to make the case for an increase in funds to maintain and further enhance information security. The aim of this paper is to present a quantitative framework as an alternative way of analysing IT security investments in a banking environment in order to address the two issues mentioned above. A two step framework is proposed. The first step utilizes a cluster analysis (CA) technique and the second step employs a linear programming technique called data envelopment analysis (DEA). The purpose of the clustering step is to ensure that evaluations are carried out in groups of homogenous bank branches while the purpose of the DEA model is to determine which of the branches make efficient use of the IT security resources available to them. Following a brief discussion of the proposed framework and techniques used, an illustrative example, based on a well known South African financial institution, is presented.
Online angle of arrival estimation in the presence of mutual coupling

A novel algorithm for estimating the Angles of Arrival (AoA) of multiple sources in the presence of mutual coupling is derived. We first formulate an “Equality Constrained Quadratic Optimisation” problem, then derive a suitable MUSIC-like algorithm to solve the aforementioned problem, and thus obtain good estimates of the AoA parameters. Identifiability conditions of the proposed algorithm are also derived. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) performance of the algorithm as a function of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and number of snapshots, with comparison to an existing method.