Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heparanase augments insulin receptor signaling in breast carcinoma

Recently, growing interest in the potential link between metabolic disorders (i.e., diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome) and breast cancer has mounted, including studies which indicate that diabetic/hyperinsulinemic women have a significantly higher risk of bearing breast tumors that are more aggressive and associated with higher death rates. Insulin signaling is regarded as a major contributor to this phenomenon; much less is known about the role of heparan sulfate-degrading enzyme heparanase in the link between metabolic disorders and cancer. In the present study we analyzed clinical samples of breast carcinoma derived from diabetic/non-diabetic patients, and investigated effects of heparanase on insulin signaling in breast carcinoma cell lines, as well as insulin-driven growth of breast tumor cells. We demonstrate that heparanase activity leads to enhanced insulin signaling and activation of downstream tumor-promoting pathways in breast carcinoma cells. In agreement, heparanase enhances insulin-induced proliferation of breast tumor cells in vitro. Moreover, analyzing clinical data from diabetic breast carcinoma patients, we found that concurrent presence of both diabetic state and heparanase in tumor tissue (as opposed to either condition alone) was associated with more aggressive phenotype of breast tumors in the patient cohort analyzed in our study (two-sided Fisher's exact test; p=0.04). Our findings highlight the emerging role of heparanase in powering effect of hyperinsulinemic state on breast tumorigenesis and imply that heparanase targeting, which is now under intensive development/clinical testing, could be particularly efficient in a growing fraction of breast carcinoma patients suffering from metabolic disorders.
New frame rate up-conversion based on foreground/background segmentation

Frame rate up-conversion (FRUC) increases the quality of a video by increasing its temporal frequency. Motion compensated and non-motion compensated frame rate up conversion techniques make up the two main classes of techniques used in this area. Halo artifacts and jaggy edges cause the quality of video to be reduced both subjectively and objectively in these techniques. In this paper, we introduce a new method of motion compensated FRUC that uses foreground background segmentation to address these problems. It checks up the neighbors of gap pixels and deciding which neighbors should be used to interpolate or extrapolate according to their foreground or background identity. The current work reduces block artifacts by scaling motion vectors of existent frames to motion vectors of interpolated frames by using the foreground/background segmentation information. The proposed method improves the quality of video and obtains better PSNR results than the proposed methods of [9], [13] and [14].
Structured Backward Error and Condition of Generalized Eigenvalue Problems

Backward errors and condition numbers are defined and evaluated for eigenvalues and eigenvectors of generalized eigenvalue problems. Both normwise and componentwise measures are used. Unstructured problems are considered first, and then the basic definitions are extended so that linear structure in the coefficient matrices (for example, Hermitian, Toeplitz, Hamiltonian, or band structure) is preserved by the perturbations.
C 2 . 4 Rank-based selection

Rank-based selection assigns a reproductive or survival probability to each individual that depends only on the rank ordering of the individuals in the current population. The section presents a brief discussion of ranking, including linear, nonlinear, (μ, λ), and(μ+ λ) methods. The theory of rank-based selection is briefly outlined, including a discussion of implicit parallelism and characterizations of selective pressure in rank-based evolutionary algorithms. C2.4.
New malware detection system using metric-based method and hybrid genetic algorithm

Malicious software, or malware for short, is one of the most serious threats to computer systems. Malware disguise techniques are becoming more sophisticated, and signature-based malware detection systems can not cope with disguised malware timely. In this paper, we propose a new approach to detect disguised malware, focusing on the malware scripts. The proposed system consists of a metric-based detection algorithm and a hybrid genetic algorithm. The genetic algorithm tries further detection by extracting the main core of a program. Experimental tests on the proposed system show a remarkable performance improvement over existing anti-virus programs.
Somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase 5 in the ecotype Landsberg erecta of Arabidopsis is a functional RD LRR-RLK in regulating brassinosteroid signaling and cell death control

In plants, LRR-RLKs play central roles in regulating perception of extracellular signals and initiation of cellular responses under various environmental challenges. Arabidopsis SERK genes, including SERK1 to SERK5, constitute a LRR-RLK sub-family. SERK1, SERK2, SERK3/BAK1, and SERK4/BKK1 have been well characterized to function as crucial regulators in multiple physiological processes such as brassinosteroid signaling, cell death control, pathogenesis, and pollen development. Despite extremely high sequence identity with BKK1, SERK5 is reported to have no functional overlapping with BKK1, which is previously identified to regulate BR and cell death control pathways, probably due to a natural mutation in a highly conserved RD motif in the kinase domain of SERK5 in Col-0 ecotype. Through a gene sequencing analysis in several Arabidopsis accessions, we are able to identify SERK5 in Landsberg erecta (Ler) genome encoding a LRR-RLK with an intact RD motif. Overexpression of SERK5-Ler partially suppresses the BR defective phenotypes of bri1-5 and bak1-3 bkk1-1, indicating SERK5-Ler functions as a positive regulator in BR signaling. Furthermore, the interaction between SERK5-Ler and BRI1 is confirmed by yeast two-hybrid and BiFC assays, and the genetic result showing that elevated expression of a kinase-dead form of SERK5-Ler causes a dominant-negative phenotype in bri1-5. In addition, overexpression of SERK5-Ler is capable of delaying, not completely suppressing, the cell death phenotype of bak1-3 bkk1-1. In this study, we first reveal that SERK5-Ler is a biologically functional component in mediating multiple signaling pathways.
FCT'99 Preliminary Version A Protocol for Distributed Cooperative Work

After a brief review of hidden algebra, we give behavioral speci cations for set theory and closure operators, and then use these to give a behavioral speci cation of an abstract protocol to support distributed cooperative work structured by dependencies in such a way as to form what we call a weak closure operator. We give some correctness proofs for this protocol, and then describe a concrete instance of it, called the tatami protocol, that supports distributed cooperative proving. Finally, we draw some methodological conclusions.
Incorporation of evolutionary information into Rosetta comparative modeling

Prediction of protein structures from sequences is a fundamental problem in computational biology. Algorithms that attempt to predict a structure from sequence primarily use two sources of information. The first source is physical in nature: proteins fold into their lowest energy state. Given an energy function that describes the interactions governing folding, a method for constructing models of protein structures, and the amino acid sequence of a protein of interest, the structure prediction problem becomes a search for the lowest energy structure. Evolution provides an orthogonal source of information: proteins of similar sequences have similar structure, and therefore proteins of known structure can guide modeling. The relatively successful Rosetta approach takes advantage of the first, but not the second source of information during model optimization. Following the classic work by Andrej Sali and colleagues, we develop a probabilistic approach to derive spatial restraints from proteins of known structure using advances in alignment technology and the growth in the number of structures in the Protein Data Bank. These restraints define a region of conformational space that is high‐probability, given the template information, and we incorporate them into Rosetta's comparative modeling protocol. The combined approach performs considerably better on a benchmark based on previous CASP experiments. Incorporating evolutionary information into Rosetta is analogous to incorporating sparse experimental data: in both cases, the additional information eliminates large regions of conformational space and increases the probability that energy‐based refinement will hone in on the deep energy minimum at the native state. Proteins 2011; © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Statistical Characteristics of Indoor Radio Propagation in NLOS Scenarios

This paper presents results of a measurement campaign carried out at a carrier frequency of 24 GHz in indoor non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios. The received signal is resolved with respect to the delays, azimuths, elevations, and complex amplitudes of the incident waves. A clustering pattern in both delay and angle of arrival is visible in the data. Clusters correspond to openings such as doorways, and wall transmission. The direct path is not present in the majority of the measured scenarios. Besides a description of the physical propagation effects, we present a global characterization of the investigated radio environment suitable for stochastic channel modeling by means of global power profiles and probability density functions of the channel parameters.
Speaker diarization based on audio-visual integration for smart posterboard

We present a speaker diarization method based on an audio-visual integration approach. We deal with poster conversations which are more challenging than general meetings, because participants are moving freely and the audience utter infrequently. In this case, it is difficult to detect "who spoke when" by only using acoustic information. Therefore we incorporate visual information to improve diarization accuracy. We propose two integration methods: rule-based and stochastic method. Experiments in real poster conversations show that the integration methods significantly outperform the baseline method which uses acoustic information only.
Ganciclovir ophthalmic gel 0.15% for the treatment of acute herpetic keratitis: background, effectiveness, tolerability, safety, and future applications

Eye disease due to herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a leading cause of ocular morbidity and the number one infectious cause of unilateral corneal blindness in the developed parts of the globe. Recurrent keratitis can result in progressive corneal scarring, thinning, and vascularization. Antiviral agents employed against HSV have primarily been nucleoside analogs. Early generation drugs included idoxuridine, iododesoxycytidine, vidarabine, and trifluridine. While effective, they tended to have low bioavailability and measurable local cellular toxicity due to their nonselective mode of action. Acyclovir 0.3% ointment is a more selective agent, and had become a first-line topical drug for acute HSV keratitis in Europe and other places outside of the US. Ganciclovir 0.15% gel is the most recently approved topical treatment for herpes keratitis. Compared to acyclovir 0.3% ointment, ganciclovir 0.15% gel has been shown to be better tolerated and no less effective in several Phase II and III trials. Additionally, topical ganciclovir does not cause adverse systemic side effects and is therapeutic at lower concentrations. Based on safety, efficacy, and tolerability, ganciclovir 0.15% gel should now be considered a front-line topical drug in the treatment of dendritic herpes simplex epithelial keratitis. Topics of future investigation regarding other potential uses for ganciclovir gel may include the prophylaxis of recurrent HSV epithelial keratitis, treatment of other forms of ocular disease caused by herpesviruses and adenovirus, and ganciclovir gel as an adjunct to antitumor therapy.
Commercial Yield and Quality of Fruits of Cucumber Plants Cultivated under Greenhouse Conditions: Response to Increases in Nitrogen Fertilization

Rates of nitrogen application were studied in relation to commercial yield and fruit quality of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Bunex). All plants were grown under controlled conditions in a greenhouse. Treatments consisted of the application of N as KNO3 (N1, 2.5 g m-2; N2, 5 g m-2; N3, 10 g m-2; N4, 20 g m-2; and N5, 40 g m-2). The fruits of cucumber from the N3 and N4 treatments were best for human consumption and economic profit. These N application rates encouraged a good relationship between commercial yield and fruit quality. The N5 rate resulted in low commercial production and low quality; the fruit had the greatest NO3- and the least Ca concentrations, which diminished firmness of the fruit. Finally, the N1 and N2 rates produced poor yield and poor commercial quality. Keywords: Cucumis sativus L. ; N fertilization; commercial yield; fruit quality
Modeling User Behaviour by Planning

— A model of user behaviour based automated planning is introduced in this work. The behaviour of users of web interactive systems can be described in term of a planning domain encapsulating the timed actions patterns representing the intended user profile. The user behaviour recognition is then posed as a planning problem where the goal is to parse a given sequence of user logs of the observed activities while reaching a final state. A general technique for transforming a timed finite state automata description of the behaviour into a numerical parameter planning model is introduced. Experimental results show that the performance of a planning based behaviour model is effective and scalable for real world applications. A major advantage of the planning based approach is to represent in a single automated reasoning framework problems of plan recognitions, plan synthesis and plan optimisation.
TIME-INTEGRATED SEARCHES FOR POINT-LIKE SOURCES OF NEUTRINOS WITH THE 40-STRING IceCube DETECTOR

We present the results of time-integrated searches for astrophysical neutrino sources in both the northern and southern skies. Data were collected using the partially completed IceCube detector in the 40-string configuration recorded between 2008 April 5 and 2009 May 20, totaling 375.5 days livetime. An unbinned maximum likelihood ratio method is used to search for astrophysical signals. The data sample contains 36,900 events: 14,121 from the northern sky, mostly muons induced by atmospheric neutrinos, and 22,779 from the southern sky, mostly high-energy atmospheric muons. The analysis includes searches for individual point sources and stacked searches for sources in a common class, sometimes including a spatial extent. While this analysis is sensitive to TeV–PeV energy neutrinos in the northern sky, it is primarily sensitive to neutrinos with energy greater than about 1 PeV in the southern sky. No evidence for a signal is found in any of the searches. Limits are set for neutrino fluxes from astrophysical sources over the entire sky and compared to predictions. The sensitivity is at least a factor of two better than previous searches (depending on declination), with 90% confidence level muon neutrino flux upper limits being between E2dΦ/dE ∼ 2–200 × 10−12 TeV cm−2 s−1 in the northern sky and between 3–700 × 10−12 TeV cm−2 s−1 in the southern sky. The stacked source searches provide the best limits to specific source classes. The full IceCube detector is expected to improve the sensitivity to dΦ/dE∝E−2 sources by another factor of two in the first year of operation.
COTS cluster-based sort-last rendering: performance evaluation and pipelined implementation

Sort-last parallel rendering is an efficient technique to visualize huge datasets on COTS clusters. The dataset is subdivided and distributed across the cluster nodes. For every frame, each node renders a full resolution image of its data using its local GPU, and the images are composited together using a parallel image compositing algorithm. In this paper, we present a performance evaluation of standard sort-last parallel rendering methods and of the different improvements proposed in the literature. This evaluation is based on a detailed analysis of the different hardware and software components. We present a new implementation of sort-last rendering that fully overlaps CPU(s), GPU and network usage all along the algorithm. We present experiments on a 3 years old 32-node PC cluster and on a 1.5 years old 5-node PC cluster, both with Gigabit interconnect, showing volume rendering at respectively 13 and 31 frames per second and polygon rendering at respectively 8 and 17 frames per second on a 1024 x 768 render area, and we show that our implementation outperforms or equals many other implementations and specialized visualization clusters.
A Picture You Can Handle: Infants Treat Touch-Screen Images More Like Photographs than Objects

Infants actively explore their world in order to determine the different ways in which they can interact with various objects. Although research on infant perception has focused on how infants understand the differences between 2- and 3-dimensional objects, today’s infants increasingly encounter 2D images with interactive qualities on smart-phone screens, tablets, and laptops. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the types of manual behaviors infants direct toward tablet images and to compare these actions to those evoked by 2D photographs or 3D when tactile feedback is controlled. Infants between the ages of 7–10 months sat on their parent’s lap in front of a table with a built-in well covered by a clear, plastic sheet while the three types of displays (photographs, objects, and screen images on a tablet) were presented for 30 s each. Infants saw three examples of each type of display presented in the built-in well so that tactile feedback information from the different displays was controlled. Coders noted the proportion of trials in which infants grasped, scratched, rubbed, or patted the display. Results indicate that infants direct significantly more grasps, scratches, and rubs toward 3D objects than 2D photographs. Infants also direct more grasps to objects compared to screen images. Our data suggests that infants are treating screen images more similarly to 2D photographs than 3D objects.
C-FLAT: Control-Flow Attestation for Embedded Systems Software

Remote attestation is a crucial security service particularly relevant to increasingly popular IoT (and other embedded) devices. It allows a trusted party (verifier) to learn the state of a remote, and potentially malware-infected, device (prover). Most existing approaches are static in nature and only check whether benign software is initially loaded on the prover. However, they are vulnerable to runtime attacks that hijack the application's control or data flow, e.g., via return-oriented programming or data-oriented exploits. As a concrete step towards more comprehensive runtime remote attestation, we present the design and implementation of Control-FLow ATtestation (C-FLAT) that enables remote attestation of an application's control-flow path, without requiring the source code. We describe a full prototype implementation of C-FLAT on Raspberry Pi using its ARM TrustZone hardware security extensions. We evaluate C-FLAT's performance using a real-world embedded (cyber-physical) application, and demonstrate its efficacy against control-flow hijacking attacks.
Islet1 cardiovascular progenitors: a single source for heart lineages?

The creation of regenerative stem cell therapies for heart disease requires that we understand the molecular mechanisms that govern the fates and differentiation of the diverse muscle and non-muscle cell lineages of the heart. Recently, different cardiac cell types have been reported to arise from a common, multipotent Islet1 (Isl1)-positive progenitor, suggesting that a clonal model of heart lineage diversification might occur that is analogous to hematopoiesis. The ability to isolate, renew and differentiate Isl1+ precursors from postnatal and embryonic hearts and from embryonic stem cells provides a powerful cell-based system for characterizing the signaling pathways that control cardiovascular progenitor formation, renewal, lineage specification and conversion to specific differentiated progeny.
Local-Limited-Angle CT image reconstruction based on wavelet and Radon domain inpainting

X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been playing an important role in diagnostic and industrial fields. However, high imaging dose is harmful to healthy organs. In this paper, a local Reconstruction method based on wavelet and Radon domain inpainting is proposed to recover a small region of interest (ROI) inside a large object only using the Local-Limited-Angle projections. Our method is motivated by the localization in time-frequency domain of wavelet transform and the minimization of the image total variation (TV). The proposed model enhances the resolution of the CT image with filling wavelet coefficients in the Radon domain. Numerical demonstrations of our algorithm are performed with various insufficient parallel beam projections.
Lesions of the Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System in Mice Disrupt Idiothetic Navigation

Loss of integrity of the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons is a consistent feature of Alzheimer’s disease, and measurement of basal forebrain degeneration by magnetic resonance imaging is emerging as a sensitive diagnostic marker for prodromal disease. It is also known that Alzheimer’s disease patients perform poorly on both real space and computerized cued (allothetic) or uncued (idiothetic) recall navigation tasks. Although the hippocampus is required for allothetic navigation, lesions of this region only mildly affect idiothetic navigation. Here we tested the hypothesis that the cholinergic medial septo-hippocampal circuit is important for idiothetic navigation. Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons were selectively lesioned in mice using the toxin saporin conjugated to a basal forebrain cholinergic neuronal marker, the p75 neurotrophin receptor. Control animals were able to learn and remember spatial information when tested on a modified version of the passive place avoidance test where all extramaze cues were removed, and animals had to rely on idiothetic signals. However, the exploratory behaviour of mice with cholinergic basal forebrain lesions was highly disorganized during this test. By contrast, the lesioned animals performed no differently from controls in tasks involving contextual fear conditioning and spatial working memory (Y maze), and displayed no deficits in potentially confounding behaviours such as motor performance, anxiety, or disturbed sleep/wake cycles. These data suggest that the basal forebrain cholinergic system plays a specific role in idiothetic navigation, a modality that is impaired early in Alzheimer’s disease.