Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A mean deviation-based approach to monitor process variability

The study proposes a Shewhart-type control chart, namely an MD chart, based on average absolute deviations taken from the median, for monitoring changes (especially moderate and large changes – a major concern of Shewhart control charts) in process dispersion assuming normality of the quality characteristic to be monitored. The design structure of the proposed MD chart is developed and its comparison is made with those of two well-known dispersion control charts, namely the R and S charts. Using power curves as a performance measure, it has been observed that the design structure of the proposed MD chart is more powerful than that of the R chart and is very close competitor to that of the S chart, in terms of discriminatory power for detecting shifts in the process dispersion. The non-normality effect is also examined on design structures of the three charts, and it has been observed that the design structure of the proposed MD chart is least affected by departure from normality.
Accurate map merging with virtual emphasis for multi-robot systems

A new grid map-merging technique which consists of virtual emphasis by one-way observation, curvature-based map matching and particle swarm optimisation is proposed. The proposed technique can improve not only the accuracy of map merging, but also the flexibility of multi-robot systems. The improved performance is verified by showing higher similarities than the existing map-merging techniques in experiments.
Fabrication of saturable absorbers in InGaAsP-InP bulk semiconductor laser diodes by heavy ion implantation

Several semiconductor Fabry-Perot laser diodes with InGaAsP-InP bulk active layers have been implanted with oxygen and phosphorus ions to form saturable absorbers. The characteristics of the lasing threshold current increase and the change in the optical spectrum have been investigated as a function of the ion fluence. Based on existing models for the formation of point defects in solids, a theory has been derived that effectively describes these laser parameters, as well as radiation-induced losses, as function of the ion fluence. The lasing threshold current of the laser diodes increased up to more than four times due to ion implantation, accompanied by a wavelength shift of more than 30 nm to the blue. Bistability for optical injection is observed.
A model based on geometrical construction in designing a pencil-shaped fiber probe for near-field optics

We propose a model based on geometrical considerations to determine the etching times required in fabricating a pencil-shaped fiber probe. In this model, we introduce a minimum etching time which is defined as the time required for having a zero apex diameter. Based on its value, the total etching times required in fabricating the pencil-shaped probe could be determined. We have found that the theoretically determined minimum etching time of 2.1 min agrees very well with our experimental value of 2 min.
Analysis of singular inertial modes in a spherical shell: the slender toroidal shell model

We derive the asymptotic spectrum (as the Ekman number E → 0) of axisymmetric inertial modes when the problem is restricted to two dimensions. We show that the damping rate of such modes scales with the square root of the Ekman number and that the width of the shear layers of the eigenfunctions scales with E1/4. The eigenfunctions obey a Schrödinger equation with a quadratic potential; we provide the analytical expression for eigenvalues (frequency and damping rate). These results validate the picture that attractors act like a potential well, trapping inertial waves which resist confinement owing to viscosity. Using three-dimensional numerical solutions, we show that the results can be applied to equatorially trapped modes in a thin spherical shell; in fact, these two-dimensional solutions give the first step (the zeroth order) of a perturbative approach to three-dimensional solutions in a spherical shell. Our method is applicable in a straightforward way to any other container where bi-dimensionality dominates.
Quartz resonator frequency shifts computed using the finite element method

A new solution technique has been developed to calculate the frequency shifts arising from mechanical stresses in the case of quartz resonators. This solution technique utilizes finite element analysis as an initial step to calculate mechanical stress distributions in quartz resonators. Output from the finite element solution is used in a recently developed program to calculate resonator frequency shifts as the final step. Frequency shifts are calculated via numerical integration of the perturbation integral derived by Tiersten.36 The solution technique is general in that any combination of mount and resonator geometries may be modelled. Any crystallographic orientation may be chosen and any load or combination of loads may be applied to the resonator. The frequency perturbation calculation includes movement of the mode to any position in the general vicinity of the resonator centre. Experimental results for AT- and SC-cut quartz resonators subjected to diametric forces and inertial loading verify the accuracy of frequency shifts calculated using the new solution technique.
Switched system approach to stabilization of networked control systems

Stabilization problems of networked control systems (NCSs) with bounded packet losses and transmission delays are addressed. We model such NCSs as a class of switched systems, and establish stabilizing conditions in the form of matrix inequalities by using packet‐loss dependent Lyapunov functions. By solving the inequalities, packet‐loss dependent controllers are designed for two types of packet‐loss processes: one is an arbitrary packet‐loss process, and the other is a Markovian packet‐loss process. Several numerical examples and simulations are worked out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design techniques. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integratable wide-band dual polarized antennas with rear field cancellation

Two variations of an integratable coplanar waveguide fed aperture stacked patch antenna are presented, which are capable of generating wideband dual polarized radiation. One of the antennas displays the desired characteristics for reducing polarization loss between an antenna remote unit (ARU) and mobile units at arbitrary angles. The other has a dual input structure and low cross-polarization useful for polarization diversity applications, or it can also produce circular polarization with the addition of a 90/spl deg/ hybrid. Back radiation concerns are addressed with the use of reflector patch elements. Results indicate that the rear directed radiation of the two slot coupled printed antennas mounted on small ground planes can be reduced across a wide bandwidth with the addition of a reflector element.
Rudin-Shapiro sequences for arbitrary compact groups

Abstract Let G be a compact group. A sequence of functions in L∞ (G) is said to be a Rudin-Shapiro sequence (briefly, an RS-sequence) if the following conditions hold: (1) (2) (3) The main purpose here is to prove the following theorem: Theorem: Theorem. Let G be an infinite compact group. Then G has an RS-sequence consisting of trigonometric polynomials.
Vector Coding: A Technique for Quantification of Intersegmental Coupling in Multicyclic Behaviors

The evaluation of a vector coding technique to quantify intersegmental coupling within a limb over multiple cycles of walking is described. The angular position of the knee with respect to the hip during walking was examined based on relative motion plots generated from videographic data. Participants included one able-bodied individual and one with spinal cord injury; the latter was assessed before and after participating in an assisted walking program. Vector coding of the frame-to-frame changes in hip/knee relationship was used to quantify the relative motion plots. Vector analysis techniques were then used to produce a single value that represents the overall variability of the hip/knee coupling relationship over multiple cycles. Hypothetical and random data were also used to evaluate the coding algorithm. In addition, the technique was compared to an earlier method in the analysis of this same data. Vector coding provided an easily interpretable method of quantifying the intersegmental coupling relat.
Loosely woven fabric model with viscoelastic crimped fibres for ballistic impact simulations

A computational micro‐mechanical material model of loosely woven fabric for non‐linear finite element impact simulations is presented in this work. The model is a mechanism incorporating the crimping of the fibres as well as the trellizing. The equilibrium of the mechanism allows the straightening of the fibres depending on the fibre tension. The contact force at the fibre crossover point determines the rotational friction dissipating a part of the impact energy. The stress–strain relationship is viscoelastic based on a three‐element model. The failure of the fibres is strain rate dependent. The model is implemented as user defined subroutine in the transient finite element code LS‐DYNA. The ballistic impact simulations with the model are in good agreement with the experimental results. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The use of the frill generator in thin-wire integral equations

For a frill-generator feed, certain fundamental mathematical properties of Hallen's and Pocklington's equations with the approximate kernel are stated and derived. For a particular moment-method procedure (Galerkin's method with pulse functions applied to Hallen's equation), the consequences to the numerical solutions are carefully examined. Generalizations to other numerical methods with subsectional basis functions are discussed. Many of our results come from studying the simpler problem of the infinite dipole analytically and applying the understanding thus obtained to the case of the finite dipole.
Interrelations Between Microstructure and Piezoelectric Sensitivity in Novel 0–3–0 Composites Based on 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 − 0.33PbTiO3 Single Crystal

This paper reports results on effective piezoelectric properties of advanced composites based on polydomain relaxor-ferroelectric single crystals of 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 − 0.33PbTiO3. Two variants of the single crystal/porous polymer composite with 0–3–0 connectivity are proposed to study the role of microstructural factors in forming high piezoelectric sensitivity. The effective properties of the related 0–3 single crystal/polymer composite are predicted and considered to show ways of increasing the piezoelectric anisotropy and sensitivity. Examples of the volume-fraction and aspect-ratio dependences of the effective piezoelectric coefficients d 3j *, g 3j *, the hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficient gh *, and squared figures of merit d 33* g 33* and dh * gh * of composites are analysed to show in which ranges high piezoelectric sensitivity is attained. The presence of single-crystal polydomain inclusions in the porous 3–0 matrix promotes the large effective parameters (g 33* ∼ 103 mV · m/N, gh * ∼ 103 mV · m/N, d 33* g 33* ∼ 10−10 Pa−1, and dh * gh * ∼ 10−10 Pa−1), and the obvious high-performance advantage of the 0–3–0 composites is discussed taking into account features of their microstructure.
The cause for BICG's failure to converge

In 3D analysis of moving conductor eddy current problems, the resulting global stiffness matrix is usually so large that the elimination (direct) methods become impractical due to the cost of computer resources, and an iterative type of solver has to be employed. The development of the Bi-Conjugate Gradient (BICG) method has made the solution of this problem tenable. However, the convergence of the BICG method is not guaranteed for high Peclet numbers if it is not accompanied by the use of upwinding method. In this paper, the cause of BICG's divergence is identified for the first time as the loss of diagonal dominance when the Peclet number increases, through a careful examination of the diagonal elements in the stiffness matrix, based on an edge element formulation. This conclusion can be easily extended to node element cases by following a similar procedure. Possible remedies for this problem are proposed.
A Review of Nonlinear Aero-Thermo-Elasticity of Functionally Graded Panels

Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) have attracted significant interest as heat-shielding materials for space vehicle, skin sub-structures, gas turbine blades technologies, and many other high-temperature industrial applications. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in linear and nonlinear aero-thermo-elasticity of FGM panels with emphasis on the authors’ contributions to the topic. An overview of the pertinent literature discussing the linear and nonlinear behavior of flat and curved panels when exposed to high temperature supersonic flow fields is presented first. The effect of material property dependency on temperature is also discussed. The study addresses divergence and flutter and methodologies used to determine these aero-thermo-elastic instabilities. In particular, critical and post-critical behaviors for panels in presence of thermal loads are addressed, along with a series of divergence, flutter, and post-flutter results obtained with linear/nonlinear dynamics approaches. Regular and chaotic motions regime are determined through qualitative tools, such as bifurcation analysis using Poincaré maps, panel time history, phase-space evolutions, and frequency spectra, and with quantitative tools, such as the Lyapunov's exponents and dimensions. Finally, conclusions and directions for further work in the field are presented.
Differential single living cell refractometry using grating resonant cavity with optical trap

This letter reports the measurement of single living cell’s refractive index (RI) using the optical grating resonant cavity with buffer modulation on a biochip. The cell’s RI is a significant cell biophysical property which has potential in cancer and disease diagnoses. The single cell is trapped optically within the cavity, and the transmission spectra shift due to the change of surrounding buffer, without/with cell, are used to determine the cell’s effective RI and effective thickness. The measurement shows that Madin-Darby canine kidney cell has an effective RI of 1.383±0.001. Moreover, the optical trapping technique eliminates uncertainty and avoids cell damage.
Supersymmetric Large Extra Dimensions

In this thesis we examine the viability of a recent proposal, known as Supersymmetric Large Extra Dimensions (SLED), for solving both the cosmological constant and the hierarchy problems. Central to this proposal is the requirement of two large extra dimensions of size rc ∼ 10 μm together with a low value for the higherdimensional scale of gravity, M∗ ∼ 10 TeV. In order not to run into immediate conflict with experiment, it is presumed that all fields of the Standard Model are confined to a four-dimensional domain wall (brane). A realization of the SLED idea is achieved by relying on the 6D supergravity of Nishino and Sezgin (NS), which is known to have 4D-flat compactifications. When work on this thesis first began, there were many open questions which are now answered either partially or completely. In particular, we expand on the known solutions of NS supergravity, which now include: warped compactifications having either 4D de Sitter or 4D anti-de Sitter symmetry, static solutions with broken 4D Lorentz invariance, and time-dependent “scaling” solutions. We elucidate the connection between brane properties and the asymptotic form of bulk fields as they approach the brane. Marginal stability of the 4D-flat solutions is demonstrated for a broad range of boundary conditions. Given that the warped solutions of NS supergravity which we consider are singular at the brane locations, we present an explicit regularization procedure for dealing with these singularities. Finally, we derive general formulae for the one-loop quantum corrections for both massless and
On the non-existence of trapped modes in acoustic waveguides

It is well known that trapped modes exist in certain types of acoustic waveguides. These modes correspond to localized fluid oscillations and occur at frequencies at which propagating modes down the guide are not able to exist, below a so-called ‘cut-off frequency’. For example, antisymmetric trapped-mode motions are known to occur in two-dimensional, parallel-plate waveguides containing bodies, at wavenumbers which are less than π/2d, where 2d is the width of the guide. So far, however, these modes have only been found in waveguides that have acoustically hard walls and either contain acoustically hard bodies or have variable cross-section. The purpose of this work is to investigate the existence or otherwise of trapped modes when one or more of the boundaries is replaced by an acoustically soft boundary. We prove here that trapped modes do not exist below the cut-off frequency for a large class of sound-soft guides containing both sound-soft and sound-hard bodies. In addition, we show that antisymmetric trapped modes do not exist below the cut-off frequency in many two-dimensional, sound-hard guides containing sound-soft bodies. This second result is also generalized to certain types of trapped-mode motion in axisymmetric waveguides. The method of proof relies on finding a strictly positive function w which satisfies a certain field inequality within the guide and boundary inequalities on the guide walls and body surfaces. A vector identity is established which relates w to the possible trapped-mode potential φ in such a way that it may be deduced that φ must be identically equal to zero throughout the guide.
PENDEKATAN ANALISIS BIPLOT DALAM MENDESKRIPSIKAN POSISI RELATIF ANTAR SMA DI KOTA DENPASAR

Education is one of the important aspect of society life which have served to increase the quality of life. School is one place to obtain formal education. Currently, there are many schools in the city of Denpasar as the increasing number of students compared with the past. Various advantages and strengths of these schools are often used as a material consideration by parents whose children will continue their school to senior high school level. The information regarding the comparison between schools will be able to assist parents in choosing schools for their children. This study aims to analyze the relative posisition among senior high school in Denpasar, especially among state high school and private high school. Based on the analysis of biplot using eleven variables . The analysis results obtained five groups of objects with specific variables within each group.
On the multifractal nature of fully developed turbulence and chaotic systems

It is generally argued that the energy dissipation of three-dimensional turbulent flow is concentrated on a set with non-integer Hausdorff dimension. Recently, in order to explain experimental data, it has been proposed that this set does not possess a global dilatation invariance: it can be considered to be a multifractal set. The authors review the concept of multifractal sets in both turbulent flows and dynamical systems using a generalisation of the beta -model.
CME front and severe space weather

Thanks to the work of a number of scientists who made it known that severe space weather can cause extensive social and economic disruptions in the modern high‐technology society. It is therefore important to understand what determines the severity of space weather and whether it can be predicted. We present results obtained from the analysis of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), solar energetic particle (SEP) events, interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), CME‐magnetosphere coupling, and geomagnetic storms associated with the major space weather events since 1998 by combining data from the ACE and GOES satellites with geomagnetic parameters and the Carrington event of 1859, the Quebec event of 1989, and an event in 1958. The results seem to indicate that (1) it is the impulsive energy mainly due to the impulsive velocity and orientation of IMF Bz at the leading edge of the CMEs (or CME front) that determine the severity of space weather. (2) CMEs having high impulsive velocity (sudden nonfluctuating increase by over 275 km s−1 over the background) caused severe space weather (SvSW) in the heliosphere (failure of the solar wind ion mode of Solar Wind Electron Proton Alpha Monitor in ACE) probably by suddenly accelerating the high‐energy particles in the SEPs ahead directly or through the shocks. (3) The impact of such CMEs which also show the IMF Bz southward from the leading edge caused SvSW at the Earth including extreme geomagnetic storms of mean DstMP < −250 nT during main phases, and the known electric power outages happened during some of these SvSW events. (4) The higher the impulsive velocity, the more severe the space weather, like faster weather fronts and tsunami fronts causing more severe damage through impulsive action. (5) The CMEs having IMF Bz northward at the leading edge do not seem to cause SvSW on Earth, although, later when the IMF Bz turns southward, they can lead to super geomagnetic storms of intensity (Dstmin) less than even −400 nT.
Higher Order Rotating Cavitation in an Inducer

In the present study, a higher order rotating cavitation predicted by the stability analysis was identified through the measurements of inlet pressure fluctuations and blade stress fluctuations. The propagation speed ratio of the higher order rotating cavitation is approximately 5, and the amplitude of the blade stress fluctuation caused by this rotating cavitation is the same level as that by the conventional rotating cavitation. In addition, a higher order cavitation surge was observed at the transition point from the conventional to the higher order rotating cavitation.
Folklore Theorems, Implicit Maps, and Indirect Inference

The delta method and continuous mapping theorem are among the most extensively used tools in asymptotic derivations in econometrics. Extensions of these methods are provided for sequences of functions that are commonly encountered in applications and where the usual methods sometimes fail. Important examples of failure arise in the use of simulation-based estimation methods such as indirect inference. The paper explores the application of these methods to the indirect inference estimator (IIE) in first order autoregressive estimation. The IIE uses a binding function that is sample size dependent. Its limit theory relies on a sequence-based delta method in the stationary case and a sequence-based implicit continuous mapping theorem in unit root and local to unity cases. The new limit theory shows that the IIE achieves much more than (partial) bias correction. It changes the limit theory of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) when the autoregressive coefficient is in the locality of unity, reducing the bias and the variance of the MLE without affecting the limit theory of the MLE in the stationary case. Thus, in spite of the fact that the IIE is a continuously differentiable function of the MLE, the limit distribution of the IIE is not simply a scale multiple of the MLE, but depends implicitly on the full binding function mapping. The unit root case therefore represents an important example of the failure of the delta method and shows the need for an implicit mapping extension of the continuous mapping theorem.
On the origin of high-energy cosmic rays

We suggest that cosmic rays, up to the highest energies observed, originiate in the Galaxy and are accelerated in astrophysical shock waves. If there is a galactic wind, in analogy with the solar wind, we expect a hierarchy of shocks ranging from supernova shocks to the galactic wind termination shock. This leads to a consistent model in which most cosmic rays, up to perhaps 10/sup 14/ eV energy, are accelerated by supernova shocks, but that particles with energies of 10/sup 15/ eV and higher are accelerated at the termination shock of the galactic wind. Intermediate energies may be accelerated by intermediate-scale shocks, and there may be larger scale shocks associated with our Local Group of galaxies.