Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Performance Monitoring Approach for the Novel Lillgrund Offshore Wind Farm

The use of offshore wind farms has been growing in recent years. Europe is presenting a geometrically growing interest in exploring and investing in such offshore power plants as the continent's water sites offer impressive wind conditions. Moreover, as human activities tend to complicate the construction of land wind farms, offshore locations, which can be found more easily near densely populated areas, can be seen as an attractive choice. However, the cost of an offshore wind farm is relatively high, and therefore, their reliability is crucial if they ever need to be fully integrated into the energy arena. This paper presents an analysis of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) extracts from the Lillgrund offshore wind farm for the purposes of monitoring. An advanced and robust machine-learning approach is applied, in order to produce individual and population-based power curves and then predict measurements of the power produced from each wind turbine (WT) from the measurements of the other WTs in the farm. Control charts with robust thresholds calculated from extreme value statistics are successfully applied for the monitoring of the turbines.
Mapping the Phosphoproteome of Influenza A and B Viruses by Mass Spectrometry

Protein phosphorylation is a common post-translational modification in eukaryotic cells and has a wide range of functional effects. Here, we used mass spectrometry to search for phosphorylated residues in all the proteins of influenza A and B viruses – to the best of our knowledge, the first time such a comprehensive approach has been applied to a virus. We identified 36 novel phosphorylation sites, as well as confirming 3 previously-identified sites. N-terminal processing and ubiquitination of viral proteins was also detected. Phosphorylation was detected in the polymerase proteins (PB2, PB1 and PA), glycoproteins (HA and NA), nucleoprotein (NP), matrix protein (M1), ion channel (M2), non-structural protein (NS1) and nuclear export protein (NEP). Many of the phosphorylation sites detected were conserved between influenza virus genera, indicating the fundamental importance of phosphorylation for all influenza viruses. Their structural context indicates roles for phosphorylation in regulating viral entry and exit (HA and NA); nuclear localisation (PB2, M1, NP, NS1 and, through NP and NEP, of the viral RNA genome); and protein multimerisation (NS1 dimers, M2 tetramers and NP oligomers). Using reverse genetics we show that for NP of influenza A viruses phosphorylation sites in the N-terminal NLS are important for viral growth, whereas mutating sites in the C-terminus has little or no effect. Mutating phosphorylation sites in the oligomerisation domains of NP inhibits viral growth and in some cases transcription and replication of the viral RNA genome. However, constitutive phosphorylation of these sites is not optimal. Taken together, the conservation, structural context and functional significance of phosphorylation sites implies a key role for phosphorylation in influenza biology. By identifying phosphorylation sites throughout the proteomes of influenza A and B viruses we provide a framework for further study of phosphorylation events in the viral life cycle and suggest a range of potential antiviral targets.
Differential mucosal expression of three superoxide dismutase isoforms in inflammatory bowel disease

Mucosal tissue damage and dysfunction in chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are partly caused by an enduring exposure to excessive amounts of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs). Although the three human isoforms of superoxide dismutase (SOD), copper/zinc (Cu/Zn)‐SOD, manganese (Mn)‐SOD, and extracellular (EC)‐SOD, form the primary endogenous defence against ROMs, their expression levels and cellular localization in IBD mucosa are largely unknown. The present study used enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), spectrophotometric activity assays, and immunohistochemistry to evaluate the protein concentration, enzymatic activity, and distribution of Cu/Zn‐, Mn‐, and EC‐SOD in paired inflamed and non‐inflamed mucosal resection specimens of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) and compared these with the levels obtained in normal control mucosa. Gut mucosal SOD isoform expression was found to be differentially affected in IBD patients, without major differences between CD and UC. A marked step‐wise increase in Mn‐SOD protein levels was observed in non‐inflamed and inflamed IBD mucosae, whereas the Cu/Zn‐SOD content decreased with inflammation. EC‐SOD was only found in low amounts, which tended to be decreased in IBD patients. Immunohistochemical evaluation confirmed these observations. Mn‐SOD and Cu/Zn‐SOD were both predominantly expressed in intestinal epithelial cells and the percentage of epithelial cells positive for Mn‐SOD was considerably increased in IBD, whereas epithelial Cu/Zn‐SOD expression was much less affected. Within the lamina propria, SOD expression was much lower. Cu/Zn‐SOD and Mn‐SOD were prominently present in neutrophils and macrophages, and EC‐SOD was mainly localized in small vessels, stromal cells, and neutrophils. The percentage of lamina propria cells positive for Cu/Zn‐, Mn‐, or EC‐SOD was not affected by inflammation. Enzyme activity measurements showed consistent results for Cu/Zn‐SOD and EC‐SOD, but the activity of Mn‐SOD did not concordantly increase with the immunological assessments, which may indicate that a proportion of the Mn‐SOD in IBD is present in an enzymatically inactive form. This study reveals remarkable changes in the expression levels of the three SOD isoforms in IBD, particularly in the epithelium. Disturbances in the carefully orchestrated mucosal antioxidant cascade may contribute to the induction and perpetuation of intestinal inflammation in IBD, and may have important implications for the development of antioxidant treatment of IBD patients. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Demo Abstract : SWAT : Enabling Wireless Network Measurements

Measuring low-level wireless network properties allows researchers to understand how protocols and applications perform in different environments. In this demo, we present SWAT – a software tool that automates gathering and analysis of network measurements. SWAT provides an interface for configuring experimental parameters in a network. It collects raw packet statistics such as the received signal strength and chip error, and provides modules for calculating and visualizing various metrics derived from these statistics.
EcoLoc: Toward Universal Location Sensing by Encounter-Based Collaborative Indoor Localization

Indoor localization techniques proposed to date have assumed costly resources in terms of computation, power, or sensing modality for many wearable end-devices in the Internet of . ings (IoT). To make localization a universal feature for IoT devices, we propose EcoLoc, an indoor localization system using collaborative version of Conditional Random Fields (CCRF) integrated with our encounter model to generate the most probable locations. We have implemented EcoLoc on the Android tablet and the Broadcom WICED Sense IoT platform with a lower-power MCU, miniature inertial sensors, and Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) radio. Experimental results show that while operating without the aid of beacons, compared to the non-collaborative CRF, EcoLoc can shorten the convergence distance by up to 40% on tablet, and up to 50% on the WICED-Sense while incurring an extra current consumption of 15 mA.
Permeation of organic compounds through ductile iron pipe gaskets

Ductile iron (DI) pipes have been used for the conveyance of drinking water in drinking water distribution systems over the past several decades. It has been estimated that almost half of all new water mains installed in North America are DI pipes. Although DI pipe itself is resistant to chemical permeation, the polymeric gaskets that join and seal the pipe segments are reported to be susceptible to permeation by organic contaminants. Pipe-drum, diffusion cell experiments, and numerical simulations were conducted in this research to obtain a faster mean to evaluate possible permeations through DI gaskets. Of the five types of gasket materials tested using the gravimetric sorption test, ethylenepropylene-diene monomer (EPDM) had the highest sorption of gasoline, while fluoroelastomer rubber (FKM) exhibited very low sorption of gasoline. The sorption test results suggested that the least to most resistance to permeation of premium gasoline for the five gasket materials were EPDM, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR; neoprene), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), and FKM. A typical gasket was found to be made of two portions, the heel and the bulb, of the same polymer but different formulation. Gravimetric sorption tests suggested that the heel portion of all gaskets may be more resistant to permeation than the bulb making it the limiting step for permeation of organic compounds in gasoline. Pipe-drum experiments showed that SBR gasket had the highest permeation rates of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), followed by CR, EPDM, and NBR. With regards to threats to drinking water under water stagnation conditions in the pipe, the 5 μg/L maximum contaminant level (MCL) for benzene will likely be exceeded during an 8-
Daily intake of rosehip extract decreases abdominal visceral fat in preobese subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Background Obesity has become a great problem all over the world. We repeatedly screened to find an effective food to treat obesity and discovered that rosehip extract shows potent anti-obesity effects. Investigations in mice have demonstrated that rosehip extract inhibits body weight gain and decreases visceral fat. Thus, the present study examined the effect of rosehip extract on human body fat in preobese subjects. Methods We conducted a 12-week, single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of 32 subjects who had a body mass index of ≥25 but <30. The subjects were assigned to two random groups, and they received one tablet of placebo or rosehip that contained 100 mg of rosehip extract once each day for 12 weeks with no dietary intervention. Abdominal fat area and body fat percent were measured as primary outcomes. The other outcomes were body weight and body mass index. Results Abdominal total fat area, abdominal visceral fat area, body weight, and body mass index decreased significantly in the rosehip group at week 12 compared with their baseline levels (P<0.01) after receiving the rosehip tablet intake, and the decreases in these parameters were significantly higher when compared with those in the placebo group. Additionally, body fat percent tended to decrease compared with the placebo group and their baseline level. Moreover, the abdominal subcutaneous fat area was significantly lower in the rosehip group than in the placebo group at week 12 after the initiation of intake (P<0.05). In addition, there were no abnormalities, subjective symptoms, and findings that may indicate clinical problems during the study period. Conclusion These results suggest that rosehip extract may be a good candidate food material for preventing obesity.
Effect of Eyelid Closure and Overnight Contact Lens Wear on Viability of Surface Epithelial Cells in Rabbit Cornea

Purpose. To determine the effects of open, closed eye, and overnight contact lens wear on homeostatic epithelial surface cell death in the rabbit cornea. Methods. One eye of each rabbit was either closed by eyelid suture or fitted with one of the following test contact lenses: (1) low Dk/t rigid gas permeable (RGP) lens, (2) hyper Dk/t RGP lens, (3) hyper Dk/t soft lens. The other eye served as a control. After 24 hours, whole corneas were carefully excised and immediately stained with a calcein-acetoxymethyl ester–ethidium homodimer viability assay to quantify the number of nonviable surface epithelial cells. In addition, exfoliated corneal epithelial cells were collected with an eye irrigation chamber to determine cell viability. Results. In the normal cornea, open-eye conditions showed significantly more nonviable surface cells in the central cornea than in the periphery (p < 0.05). Overnight wear of all test lenses and eyelid closure induced significant decreases in the number of nonviable cells on the central corneal surface compared with controls (p < 0.05). All exfoliated corneal epithelial cells collected by eye irrigation were nonviable. Conclusion. In the rabbit model, overnight contact lens wear significantly down-regulated spontaneous epithelial surface cell death independent of lens rigidity or material oxygen transmissibility. These effects were similar to eyelid closure without lens wear. Taken together, these results suggest that eyelid closure and the physical presence of the contact lens may protect against the shear stress forces exerted by eyelid blinking, which are believed to cause central surface cell death and subsequent exfoliation.
Detection of early-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC): Sensitivity, specificity, and discriminatory properties of the serum-based PAM4-immunoassay.

151 Background: We recently reported that a serum-based enzyme immunoassay employing the PAM4 antibody was able to correctly identify 82% of patients with known PDAC and, importantly, that this assay had promising sensitivity for detecting early-stage disease. We now extend these findings in a much larger patient population that includes over 600 sera from both malignant and benign diseases of the pancreas and surrounding tissues. METHODS In a blinded analysis, sera from patients with confirmed PDAC (N=298), other cancers (N=99), benign disease of the pancreas (N=126), and healthy adults (N=79) were evaluated by enzyme immunoassay for concentration of PAM4-antigen levels. RESULTS Overall sensitivity for detection of PDAC was 76%, with 64% of stage-1 patients testing positive and a higher sensitivity (85%) for advanced disease. For the most part, sera from patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas or cancers of other origin (squamous, GIST, etc.) did not have elevated levels of the PAM4-antigen. Approximately half of the patients with ampullary (48%) and extrahepatic biliary (50%) adenocarcinomas had positive levels of circulating PAM4-antigen. Of 126 patients diagnosed with benign conditions of the pancreas, only 24 (19%) were positive and, in particular, 18 of 80 (23%) patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) were positive. ROC curve analysis demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the PDAC and CP groups (P < 0.0001), with an area under the curve of 0.84 ± 0.02 (95% CI: 0.79 - 0.89). The positive- and negative-likelihood ratios for differentiating PDAC from benign conditions of the pancreas were 4.00 and 0.30, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The PAM4-immunoassay detects nearly two-thirds of stage-1 PDAC patients, and does so with high discriminatory power with respect to benign pancreatic disease. Our results provide a rationale for longitudinal surveillance of patients considered at high-risk for PDAC (e.g., familial pancreatic cancer, new-onset diabetes, etc.) with the PAM4 assay. (Supported in part by NIH grants CA096924, CA120432 and CA62924, and the Turpin Foundation.).
Art of antenna designing for 5G (mmWave) next generation networks

To fulfill the extensive increase in the capacity and quality of multiple users, 5G next generation cellular network system is expected to be in the form of heterogeneous radio access networks (Het-RAN) [1]. It is expected to encompass small cells, known as macro, pico or femto cells. For such dense deployment, network operators have preferably deduced the mechanism of cloud networks called C-RAN due to their highly optimized operational efficiency and cost effectiveness. A centralized operating system which can easily be integrated with existing 4G/LTE networks is main aim of mobile phone operators. This approach reduces remarkably front haul overheads in C-RANs [2]. To expand the architecture of C-RAN, large number of antennas at access end majorly contributes to increase the network capacity either by improving the spectrum bandwidth or by increasing the number of active users at a specific time. Future 5G wireless and mobile communication operating systems require high transmission data rates and large channel bandwidth. Therefore, they can adopt millimeter-wave (MMW) band (30–300 GHz) as main operating frequencies to fulfill the requirements. In this paper, we focused on 60 GHz MMW frequency band. The potential benefits are, it is license free, large bandwidth ∼2 GHz, high oxygen attenuation that supports high frequency reuse and large number of components integration on small area (Massive MIMO). Moreover, we designed, simulated and optimized novel antennas suitable for implementing in the wireless devices of CRAN networks. In addition to compact, low cost, light weight, and ease of integration, the proposed antennas exhibit wide bandwidth above 4 GHz with an average gain values more than 12.5 dBi.
Robust Circadian Oscillations in Growing Cyanobacteria Require Transcriptional Feedback

Keeping in Synch Although it differs from mammalian clocks, the circadian clock of cyanobacteria is a valuable model for understanding how such clocks function. At the heart of the cyanobacterial clock is a posttranslational regulation (PTR) circuit in which the phosphorylation of the clock protein KaiC oscillates. This circuit is apparently sufficient for generating rhythms, but it is connected to a transcriptional-translational (TTR) feedback loop more similar to the one that functions in mammals. This TTR loop is, at least in some conditions, dispensable. To understand the role of the TTR circuit, Teng et al. (p. 737) engineered cyanobacteria so that the circadian behavior of individual cells in a population of growing cells could be monitored. Cells engineered to lack the TTR mechanism had rhythmic clocks but fell out of synch with the other cells in a population over time. The experimental results together with mathematical modeling indicate that the TTR mechanism is important to allow cells to robustly stay in rhythm with one another in the absence of synchronizing external cues. The cyanobacterial clock uses one circuit for rhythms and a second circuit for intercellular synchronous oscillations. The remarkably stable circadian oscillations of single cyanobacteria enable a population of growing cells to maintain synchrony for weeks. The cyanobacterial pacemaker is a posttranslational regulation (PTR) circuit that generates circadian oscillations in the phosphorylation state of the clock protein KaiC. Layered on top of the PTR is transcriptional-translational feedback regulation (TTR), common to all circadian systems, consisting of a negative feedback loop in which KaiC regulates its own production. We found that the PTR circuit is sufficient to generate oscillations in growing cyanobacteria. However, in the absence of TTR, individual oscillators were less stable and synchrony was not maintained in a population of cells. Experimentally constrained mathematical modeling reproduced sustained oscillations in the PTR circuit alone and demonstrated the importance of TTR for oscillator synchrony.
Investigation of Efficiency of using Minutiae Detection Method for Finger Vein Recognition and Matching

ger vein recognition is a method of biometric authentication which is a promising biometric recognition technology used to recognize the individuals, to verify their identity and is one of many famous kinds of biometrics. With the increasing demand for fast and accurate biometric identification and matching solutions, researchers have been busy trying to develop new ways and algorithms to digitize and match biometric features of human body. This paper will extend one of the current methods by combining it with conventional method used in fingerprint for minutiae extraction to extract the minutiae points of finger vein Based on:
Why is the educational gradient of mortality steeper for men?

OBJECTIVES It is often documented that the educational gradient of mortality is steeper for men than for women; yet, the explanation remains a matter of debate. We examine gender differences in the gradients within the context of marriage to determine whether overall differences reflect gender differences in health behaviors or a greater influence of men's education on spousal health. METHODS We used data from the 1986 through 1996 National Health Interview Survey Linked Mortality Files for non-Hispanic White adults aged 55-84 years at the time of survey. We estimated Cox proportional hazards models to examine the gradients (N = 180,208). RESULTS The educational gradient of mortality is marginally steeper for men than for women when aggregating across marital statuses; yet, this reflects a steeper gradient among unmarried men, with low-educated never married men exhibiting high levels of mortality. The gradient among unmarried men is steeper than unmarried women for causes that share smoking as a major risk factor, supporting a behavioral explanation for differences in the gradient. No gender difference in the gradient is observed for married adults. DISCUSSION Low education and unmarried status exert a synergistic effect on men's mortality. Unmarried, low-educated men may lack social supports that encourage positive health behaviors.
Extended Abstract : Space Efficient Secret Sharing

This note proposes a method of space efficient secret sharing in which k secrets are mapped into n shares (n ≥ k) of the same size. Since, n can be chosen to be equal to k, the method is space efficient. This method may be compared with conventional secret sharing schemes that divide a single secret into n shares.
Characterization of mutant myosins of Dictyostelium discoideum equivalent to human familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mutants. Molecular force level of mutant myosins may have a prognostic implication.

Recent studies have revealed that familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) is caused by missence mutations in myosin heavy chain or other sarcomeric proteins. To investigate the functional impact of FHC mutations in myosin heavy chain, mutants of Dictyostelium discoideum myosin II equivalent to human FHC mutations were generated by site-directed mutagenesis, and their motor function was characterized at the molecular level. These mutants, i.e., R397Q, F506C, G575R, A699R, K703Q, and K703W are respectively equivalent to R403Q, F513C, G584R, G716R, R719Q, and R719W FHC mutants. We measured the force generated by these myosin mutants as well as the sliding velocity and the actin-activated ATPase activity. These measurements showed that the A699R, K703Q, and K703W myosins exhibited unexpectedly weak affinity with actin and the lowest level of force, though their ATPase activity remained rather high. F506C mutant which has been reported to have benign prognosis exhibited the least impairment of the motile and enzymatic activities. The motor functions of R397Q and G575R myosins were classified as intermediate. These results suggest that the force level of mutant myosin molecule may be one of the key factors for pathogenesis which affect the prognosis of human FHC.