Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Yokohama system for reporting directly sampled endometrial cytology: The quest to develop a standardized terminology

The main purpose of directly sampled endometrial cytology is to detect invasive endometrial malignancies. With this principle in mind, The Yokohama System (TYS) Working Group, composed of cytopathologists, surgical pathologists, and gynecologic oncologists met at the 2016 International Congress of Cytology, Yokohama, with the aim to publish a standardized reporting system inclusive of specific diagnostic categories and cytomorphologic criteria for uniform and reliable diagnosis of endometrial malignancies on directly sampled endometrial samples.
MR Spectroscopy in Patients with Hereditary Diffuse Leukoencephalopathy with Spheroids and Asymptomatic Carriers of Colony-stimulating Factor 1 Receptor Mutation

Purpose: Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids (HDLS) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder with various clinical presentations. Mutation of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) gene is considered to be a cause of this autosomal dominant disorder. The purpose of this study was to report magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings in patients with HDLS and asymptomatic carriers and to clarify the use of MRS in this disease. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective, institutional review board-approved study, we included four consecutive patients, genetically diagnosed with HDLS, and two asymptomatic carriers after acquiring informed consent. We performed single-voxel MRS of the left centrum semiovale on a 3T clinical scanner. We also included a sex-matched normal dataset. We quantified N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine, choline-containing compounds (Cho), glutamine, glutamate (Glu), myo-inositol (Ins), glutathione, lactate (Lac), and gamma-amino butyric acid using LCModel. We performed statistical analysis, and P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: In HDLS cases, MRS revealed decreased NAA and Glu concentrations, which probably reflected neuronal damage and/or loss, and a subsequent reduction of neurotransmitters. A patient with HDLS also had increased Cho and Ins concentrations, indicating gliosis, and increased Cho concentration was also observed in an asymptomatic carrier. This suggests that metabolic changes had already occurred in an asymptomatic state. Conclusion: We demonstrated changes in metabolite concentrations not only in patients with HDLS but also in asymptomatic CSF1R mutation carriers. Our study indicates that MRS is a potentially useful tool for the analysis of metabolic and pathophysiological findings of HDLS, even during the early stages of disease.
Audio signal processing to investigate alleged paranormal phenomena in mediumistic séances

Probably many people have heard stories about spiritualism, séances in entire darkness, and mediumship claiming to establish contact to deceased persons. Much less known is that this is not just a historic or fictional matter, but today it is still possible to experience such séances, with some mediums even holding séances open to the public. There, various phenomena can be witnessed, which are a serious challenge for the rational mind. This article does not want to engage in the discussion between skeptical mainstream science and convinced psi-researchers about the authenticity of these phenomena, but it rather follows an undogmatic, curiositydriven approach: Let us see what kind of data audio measurements can provide in this field! Ideally, there is something into it, both for psi-research as well as for audio signal processing.
Restricted Boltzmann Machines With Gaussian Visible Units Guided by Pairwise Constraints

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) and their variants are usually trained by contrastive divergence (CD) learning, but the training procedure is an unsupervised learning approach, without any guidances of the background knowledge. To enhance the expression ability of traditional RBMs, in this paper, we propose pairwise constraints (PCs) RBM with Gaussian visible units (pcGRBM) model, in which the learning procedure is guided by PCs and the process of encoding is conducted under these guidances. The PCs are encoded in hidden layer features of pcGRBM. Then, some pairwise hidden features of pcGRBM flock together and another part of them are separated by the guidances. In order to deal with real-valued data, the binary visible units are replaced by linear units with Gaussian noise in the pcGRBM model. In the learning process of pcGRBM, the PCs are iterated transitions between visible and hidden units during CD learning procedure. Then, the proposed model is inferred by approximative gradient descent method and the corresponding learning algorithm is designed. In order to compare the availability of pcGRBM and traditional RBMs with Gaussian visible units, the features of the pcGRBM and RBMs hidden layer are used as input “data” for ${K}$ -means, spectral clustering (SP) and affinity propagation (AP) algorithms, respectively. We also use tenfold cross-validation strategy to train and test pcGRBM model to obtain more meaningful results with PCs which are derived from incremental sampling procedures. A thorough experimental evaluation is performed with 12 image datasets of Microsoft Research Asia Multimedia. The experimental results show that the clustering performance of ${K}$ -means, SP, and AP algorithms based on pcGRBM model are significantly better than traditional RBMs. In addition, the pcGRBM model for clustering tasks shows better performance than some semi-supervised clustering algorithms.
Factors determining distribution structure decisions in logistics: a literature review and research agenda

ABSTRACT Distribution structures, as studied in this paper, involve the spatial layout of the freight transport and storage system used to move goods between production and consumption locations. Decisions on this layout are important to companies as they allow them to balance customer service levels and logistics costs. Until now there has been very little descriptive research into the factors that drive decisions about these structures. Moreover, the literature on the topic is scattered across various research streams. In this paper we review and consolidate this literature, with the aim to arrive at a comprehensive list of factors. Three relevant research streams were identified: Supply Chain Management (SCM), Transportation and Geography. The SCM and Transportation literature mostly focus on distribution structure including distribution centre (DC) location selection from a viewpoint of service level and logistics costs factors. The Geography literature focuses on spatial DC location decisions and resulting patterns mostly explained by location factors such as labour and land availability. Our review indicates that the main factors that drive decision-making are “demand level”, “service level”, “product characteristics”, “logistics costs”, “labour and land”, “accessibility” and “contextual factors”. The main trade-off influencing distribution structure selection is “service level” versus “logistics costs”. Together, the research streams provide a rich picture of the factors that drive distribution structure including DC location selection. We conclude with a framework that shows the relative position of these factors. Future work can focus on completing the framework by detailing out the sub factors and empirically testing the direction and strength of relationships. Cooperation between the three research streams will be useful to further extend and operationalize the framework.
S ep 2 01 2 A homotopy theory of weak ω-categories

In this paper, we consider the model structure on the category of cellular sets originally conjectured by Cisinski and Joyal to give a model for the homotopy theory of weak ω-categories. We demonstrate first that any Θlocalizer containing the spine inclusions ι : Sp[t] →֒ Θ[t] must also contain the maps X×ι : X×Sp[t] →֒ X×Θ[t] for all objects [t] of Θ and all cellular sets X. This implies in particular that a cellular set S is local with respect to the set of spine inclusions if and only if it is Cartesian-local. However, we show that the minimal localizer containing the spine inclusions is not stable under two-point suspension, which implies that the equivalences between objects fibrant for this model structure only depend on their height-0 and height-1 structure. We then try to see if adopting an approach similar to Rezk’s, namely looking at all of the suspensions of the inclusion of a point into a freestanding isomorphism. We call the fibrant objects for this model structure isostable Joyal-fibrant cellular sets. We understand the resulting model structure to be conjectured by a few mathematicians to give a model structure for a category of weak ωcategories. However, we make short work of this claim by producing an explicit example of a nontrivial contractible cofibrant strict ω-category (with respect to the folk model structure) and showing that it is, first, not trivially fibrant, and second, proving that it is fibrant with respect to the isostable Joyal model structure. We finally restart our approach from the beginning; bruised and battered, but also older and wiser, we construct a conjectural model structure which appears to have all of our desired properties.
Nuts and CVD

Nuts are nutrient-dense foods with complex matrices rich in unsaturated fatty acids and other bioactive compounds, such as l-arginine, fibre, healthful minerals, vitamin E, phytosterols and polyphenols. By virtue of their unique composition, nuts are likely to beneficially affect cardiovascular health. Epidemiological studies have associated nut consumption with a reduced incidence of CHD in both sexes and of diabetes in women, but not in men. Feeding trials have clearly demonstrated that consumption of all kinds of nuts has a cholesterol-lowering effect, even in the context of healthy diets. There is increasing evidence that nut consumption has a beneficial effect on oxidative stress, inflammation and vascular reactivity. Blood pressure, visceral adiposity and the metabolic syndrome also appear to be positively influenced by nut consumption. Contrary to expectations, epidemiological studies and clinical trials suggest that regular nut consumption is not associated with undue weight gain. Recently, the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea randomised clinical trial of long-term nutrition intervention in subjects at high cardiovascular risk provided first-class evidence that regular nut consumption is associated with a 50 % reduction in incident diabetes and, more importantly, a 30 % reduction in CVD. Of note, incident stroke was reduced by nearly 50 % in participants allocated to a Mediterranean diet enriched with a daily serving of mixed nuts (15 g walnuts, 7·5 g almonds and 7·5 g hazelnuts). Thus, it is clear that frequent nut consumption has a beneficial effect on CVD risk that is likely to be mediated by salutary effects on intermediate risk factors.
Snappy : A Simple Algorithm Portfolio ( Tool Paper )

Algorithm portfolios try to combine the strength of individual algorithms to tackle a problem instance at hand with the most suitable technique. In the context of SAT the effectiveness of such approaches is often demonstrated at the SAT Competitions. In this paper we show that a competitive algorithm portfolio can be designed in an extremely simple fashion. In fact, the algorithm portfolio we present does not require any offline learning nor knowledge of any complex Machine Learning tools. We hope that the utter simplicity of our approach combined with its effectiveness will make algorithm portfolios accessible by a broader range of researchers including SAT and CSP solver developers.
Familiarity expands space and contracts time

When humans draw maps, or make judgments about travel‐time, their responses are rarely accurate and are often systematically distorted. Distortion effects on estimating time to arrival and the scale of sketch‐maps reveal the nature of mental representation of time and space. Inspired by data from rodent entorhinal grid cells, we predicted that familiarity to an environment would distort representations of the space by expanding the size of it. We also hypothesized that travel‐time estimation would be distorted in the same direction as space‐size, if time and space rely on the same cognitive map. We asked international students, who had lived at a college in London for 9 months, to sketch a south‐up map of their college district, estimate travel‐time to destinations within the area, and mark their everyday walking routes. We found that while estimates for sketched space were expanded with familiarity, estimates of the time to travel through the space were contracted with familiarity. Thus, we found dissociable responses to familiarity in representations of time and space. © 2016 The Authors Hippocampus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Temporal Orienting of Attention Can Be Preserved in Normal Aging

Being able to orient our attention to moments in time is crucial for optimizing behavioral performance. In young adults, flexible cue-based temporal expectations have been shown to modulate perceptual functions and enhance behavioral performance. Recent studies with older individuals have reported significant deficits in cued temporal orienting. To investigate the extent of these deficits, the authors conducted 3 studies in healthy old and young adults. For each study, participants completed 2 tasks: a reaction time (RT) task that emphasized speeded responding and a nonspeeded rapid-serial-visual-presentation task that emphasized visual discrimination. Auditory cues indicated the likelihood of a target item occurring after a short or long temporal interval (foreperiod; 75% validity). In the first study, cues indicating a short or a long foreperiod were manipulated across blocks. The second study was designed to replicate and extend the first study by manipulating the predictive temporal cues on a trial-by-trial basis. The third study extended the findings by including neutral cues so that it was possible to separate cueing validity benefits and invalidity costs. In all 3 studies, cued temporal expectation conferred significant performance advantages for target stimuli occurring after the short foreperiod for both old and young participants. Contrary to previous findings, these results suggest that the ability to allocate attention to moments in time can be preserved in healthy aging. Further research is needed to ascertain whether similar neural networks are used to orient attention in time as we age, and/or whether compensatory mechanisms are at work in older individuals.
Oropouche Fever: A Review

Oropouche fever is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by Oropouche virus (OROV), an arthropod transmitted Orthobunyavirus circulating in South and Central America. During the last 60 years, more than 30 epidemics and over half a million clinical cases attributed to OROV infection have been reported in Brazil, Peru, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago. OROV fever is considered the second most frequent arboviral febrile disease in Brazil after dengue fever. OROV is transmitted through both urban and sylvatic transmission cycles, with the primary vector in the urban cycle being the anthropophilic biting midge Culicoides paraensis. Currently, there is no evidence of direct human-to-human OROV transmission. OROV fever is usually either undiagnosed due to its mild, self-limited manifestations or misdiagnosed because its clinical characteristics are similar to dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever, including malaria as well. At present, there is no specific antiviral treatment, and in the absence of a vaccine for effective prophylaxis of human populations in endemic areas, the disease prevention relies solely on vector control strategies and personal protection measures. OROV fever is considered to have the potential to spread across the American continent and under favorable climatic conditions may expand its geographic distribution to other continents. In view of OROV’s emergence, increased interest for formerly neglected tropical diseases and within the One Health concept, the existing knowledge and gaps of knowledge on OROV fever are reviewed.
A framework for performance evaluation of parallel applications on the GRID

Performance evaluation of applications running on a Grid is a challenging task. Grid’s resources are heterogeneous in nature, often shared, and dynamic, all of which have important implications on the performance of an application executing on the Grid. For instance, applications performance will suffer from perturbation induced by external load on the network or computational nodes. Also, resources allocated to applications may vary between different executions. In this paper, we propose a simple framework that takes into account these factors to allow users to gain knowledge of fundamental performance characteristics of their parallel applications. This framework was incorporated in SUMA, a Grid-enabled platform for the execution of scientific applications in Java. We show some results of the utilization of this framework, which was tested by analyzing and tuning a parallel application.
Distinct Functional Roles of β-Tubulin Isotypes in Microtubule Arrays of Tetrahymena thermophila, a Model Single-Celled Organism

Background The multi-tubulin hypothesis proposes that each tubulin isotype performs a unique role, or subset of roles, in the universe of microtubule function(s). To test this hypothesis, we are investigating the functions of the recently discovered, noncanonical β-like tubulins (BLTs) of the ciliate, Tetrahymena thermophila. Tetrahymena forms 17 distinct microtubular structures whose assembly had been thought to be based on single α- and β-isotypes. However, completion of the macronuclear genome sequence of Tetrahymena demonstrated that this ciliate possessed a β-tubulin multigene family: two synonymous genes (BTU1 and BTU2) encode the canonical β-tubulin, BTU2, and six genes (BLT1-6) yield five divergent β-tubulin isotypes. In this report, we examine the structural features and functions of two of the BLTs (BLT1 and BLT4) and compare them to those of BTU2. Methodology/Principal Findings With respect to BTU2, BLT1 and BLT4 had multiple sequence substitutions in their GTP-binding sites, in their interaction surfaces, and in their microtubule-targeting motifs, which together suggest that they have specialized functions. To assess the roles of these tubulins in vivo, we transformed Tetrahymena with expression vectors that direct the synthesis of GFP-tagged versions of the isotypes. We show that GFP-BLT1 and GFP-BLT4 were not detectable in somatic cilia and basal bodies, whereas GFP-BTU2 strongly labeled these structures. During cell division, GFP-BLT1 and GFP-BLT4, but not GFP-BTU2, were incorporated into the microtubule arrays of the macronucleus and into the mitotic apparatus of the micronucleus. GFP-BLT1 also participated in formation of the microtubules of the meiotic apparatus of the micronucleus during conjugation. Partitioning of the isotypes between nuclear and ciliary microtubules was confirmed biochemically. Conclusion/Significance We conclude that Tetrahymena uses a family of distinct β-tubulin isotypes to construct subsets of functionally different microtubules, a result that provides strong support for the multi-tubulin hypothesis.
STARS experiential group intervention: a complex trauma treatment approach for survivors of human trafficking

ABSTRACT This is the abstract that was submitted online with the paper: Despite the fact that many survivors of human trafficking have experienced complex trauma, there are no established interventions designed to specifically address these impacts. Leaders in the field of complex trauma have advocated for the need for somatic approaches to intervention. This paper presents STARS Experiential Group treatment, the first structured bodybased group intervention that has been designed to address complex trauma in survivors of human trafficking. Three pilot groups were run in residential settings with adolescent and adult survivors of sex trafficking. Two adaptations were utilized, with one focusing on application of expressive arts modalities and the other incorporating theater games. Qualitative results, using thematic analysis, identified several themes related to challenges and potential benefits of these groups. Potential benefits of the STARS groups were found in the areas of Interpersonal Relationships, Regulation, and Self/ Identity, with fourteen sub-themes further describing positive impacts. Challenges within these areas are explored, to inform the development of group interventions for trafficking survivors. The results of this paper suggest that experiential, somatically-oriented group treatment shows promise as an important element of holistic intervention with trafficking survivors
Design and implementation of the image-based group emotion detector

Group emotion refers to the emotions of a group of people in a specified space and time interval. It is the result of the interactions among the people and the environment. Group emotion is the group's dynamic processes, and can be seen as the sum of the individuals' emotional states. In practice, the group emotion detection has various applications, such as e-learning systems and video conferencing. In this paper, we proposed a the group emotion detector is based on the multi-level smile detection algorithm. According to the bottom-up view point, the group emotion is defined as the average of the smile degrees on this group of people. The whole system is implemented on the Raspberry Pi board for the compactness and mobility. The implementation shows this approach is with availability in practice. The experimental basically result shows the effectiveness of the Group Emotion Detector.
Control of box C/D snoRNP assembly by N6‐methylation of adenine

N6‐methyladenine is the most widespread mRNA modification. A subset of human box C/D snoRNA species have target GAC sequences that lead to formation of N6‐methyladenine at a key trans Hoogsteen‐sugar A·G base pair, of which half are methylated in vivo. The GAC target is conserved only in those that are methylated. Methylation prevents binding of the 15.5‐kDa protein and the induced folding of the RNA. Thus, the assembly of the box C/D snoRNP could in principle be regulated by RNA methylation at its critical first stage. Crystallography reveals that N6‐methylation of adenine prevents the formation of trans Hoogsteen‐sugar A·G base pairs, explaining why the box C/D RNA cannot adopt its kinked conformation. More generally, our data indicate that sheared A·G base pairs (but not Watson–Crick base pairs) are more susceptible to disruption by N6mA methylation and are therefore possible regulatory sites. The human signal recognition particle RNA and many related Alu retrotransposon RNA species are also methylated at N6 of an adenine that forms a sheared base pair with guanine and mediates a key tertiary interaction.