Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The study on spectrum/channel fragmentation from dynamic spectrum aggregation in CRNs

We study the dynamic spectrum aggregation and allocation problem in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). When the available spectrum is fragmented and the bandwidth of the spectrum holes is narrow, spectrum aggregation can be a solution to use multiple holes. Since the spectrum holes can have different bandwidth and cognitive radios can dynamically adjust the centre frequency and the bandwidth for each transmission, the CRN has the high flexibility in spectrum use with aggregation. However, aggregation of fragmented spectrum can lead to channel fragmentation and further spectrum fragmentation. In this context, we formulate the dynamic spectrum aggregation problem considering practical hardware constraints whilst aiming to minimise spectrum/channel fragmentation. Then, we study the application of three well-known memory allocation techniques, to spectrum aggregation, and analyse the impacts of the spectrum aggregation on spectrum/channel fragmentation. Based on the analysis, we derive guidelines that govern the design of the efficient spectrum aggregation and allocation algorithms.
Genotype to Phenotype Mapping and the Fitness Landscape of the E. coli lac Promoter

Genotype-to-phenotype maps and the related fitness landscapes that include epistatic interactions are difficult to measure because of their high dimensional structure. Here we construct such a map using the recently collected corpora of high-throughput sequence data from the 75 base pairs long mutagenized E. coli lac promoter region, where each sequence is associated with its phenotype, the induced transcriptional activity measured by a fluorescent reporter. We find that the additive (non-epistatic) contributions of individual mutations account for about two-thirds of the explainable phenotype variance, while pairwise epistasis explains about 7% of the variance for the full mutagenized sequence and about 15% for the subsequence associated with protein binding sites. Surprisingly, there is no evidence for third order epistatic contributions, and our inferred fitness landscape is essentially single peaked, with a small amount of antagonistic epistasis. There is a significant selective pressure on the wild type, which we deduce to be multi-objective optimal for gene expression in environments with different nutrient sources. We identify transcription factor (CRP) and RNA polymerase binding sites in the promotor region and their interactions without difficult optimization steps. In particular, we observe evidence for previously unexplored genetic regulatory mechanisms, possibly kinetic in nature. We conclude with a cautionary note that inferred properties of fitness landscapes may be severely influenced by biases in the sequence data.
Are We Birds of the Same Feather?

The paper addresses the community membership problem of predicting whether two nodes belong to the same community or not, using a hill climbing based breadth first traversal algorithm and a probabilistic depth first traversal algorithm. The algorithms have lesser time complexity as compared to the standard community detection algorithms. The proposed algorithms achieve a high efficiency in terms of the fraction of node pairs correctly identified, which is greater than 70% in most of the network instances. Moreover, a very little fraction of the graph is traversed which is local to the nodes in consideration.
Measuring expertise similarity in expert networks

In this paper, we present an initial work on a method for comparing expert profiles within the context of expert networks by measuring expertise similarity between experts. We introduce the concept of expertise spheres and describe how an expert expertise profile can be compared with a certain subject and how can be determined how well an expert's expertise conforms to the subject of interest. The similarity between experts' personal profiles is also defined and shown how it can be used for expert disambiguation. The proposed ideas are discussed and demonstrated within the context of a network of experts who are served as reviewers for a scientific journal.
Fluorescence Dilution Technique for Measurement of Cardiac Output and Circulating Blood Volume in Healthy Human Subjects

Background: The authors previously validated in an animal model a new indicator dilution technique for measuring cardiac output and circulating blood volume by recording transcutaneously the fluorescence of circulating indocyanine green with an optical probe placed on the skin surface. The current study compared fluorescence dilution recordings recorded from several locations on the human face in terms of signal intensity and stability and estimated the subjects' cardiac output and circulating blood volume from the recordings. Methods: Fluorescence dilution traces were recorded transcutaneously in six healthy human volunteers after rapid intravenous injection of 1 mg indocyanine green. Three placements of the optical probe were tested: the nose ala, the ear lobe, and the temple area. In three subjects, the recordings were calibrated in terms of circulating indocyanine green concentration to estimate cardiac output and circulating blood volume. Results: Fluorescence dilution traces had the same duration for the three locations, but the recordings obtained from the nose ala and the ear lobe were twice as intense as those from the temple. The fluorescence intensity at each site was linearly related to the local laser Doppler perfusion index. The coefficient of variation for the area under the first pass curve (inversely proportional to cardiac output) was approximately 6% for triplicate measurements at the same location. Cardiac output and circulating blood volume derived from the fluorescence recordings were in the normal range. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that intense and reproducible fluorescence dilution signals can be measured transcutaneously in healthy humans and could potentially be used to measure cardiac output and circulating blood volume minimally invasively.
Contention region allocation optimization in ieee 802.16 ofdma systems

The random access scheme is used for initial and periodic ranging in the IEEE 802.16 protocol. The number of contention slots in the uplink subframe decides the system performance. However, how many contention slots should be allocated for ranging is not standardized in the protocol, so it is still necessary to determine the optimal number of contention slots. In this paper, the exact equations of the optimal numbers of initial ranging slots and periodic ranging slots are derived. An optimal dynamic allocator is also proposed to optimize the allocation of the initial and periodic ranging regions in the uplink subframe. The simulation results show that good system performance can be achieved with the optimal dynamic allocator.
Cytological, Physiological, and Transcriptomic Analyses of the Leaf Color Mutant Yellow Leaf 20 (yl20) in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Leaf color mutants are ideal materials for studying chlorophyll metabolism, chloroplast development, and photosynthesis in plants. We discovered a novel eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) mutant yl20 (yellow leaf 20) that exhibits yellow leaves. In this study, we compared the leaves of the mutant yl20 and wild type (WT) plants for cytological, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses. The results showed that the mutant yl20 exhibits abnormal chloroplast ultrastructure, reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and lower photosynthetic efficiency compared to the WT. Transcriptome data indicated 3267 and 478 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between WT and yl20 lines in the cotyledon and euphylla stages, respectively, where most DEGs were downregulated in the yl20. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed the “plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase complex” and the “chloroplast-related” terms were significantly enriched. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis demonstrated that the significantly enriched DEGs were involved in flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, etc. We speculated that these DEGs involved in significant terms were closely related to the leaf color development of the mutant yl20. Our results provide a possible explanation for the altered phenotype of leaf color mutants in eggplant and lay a theoretical foundation for plant breeding.
Renaissance Possibilities Of The Village By Practicing Rural Tourism And Farm Tourism

Rural and farm tourism has as coordinates three essential elements, rural area, people, and products offered for sale to the visitors and refers to all the activities caused by spending a determined period of time in rural area, the means for housing being both the pension as well as the farm or peasant household and other accommodation spaces, inns, stops. The village cans reborn being an important place for townspeople, because it means human dimension, social intimacy, and local animation. Villages with tourist vocation are preserving of traditions and a rich historical content, besides administrative, cultural and economic, functions through tourism can regenerate developing through the implementation of measures which to improve infrastructure, attracting young people in villages by creating new jobs in tourism activity, promoting traditional village. In developing strategies for the regeneration of villages do not have to start from the premise that the village should be a closed community, but a supplier of raw materials and human resources, producer of goods and services for urban communities.
Acortical representationof the local visual environment

from low to medium frequencies of occurrence, and from four to nine letters in length. ERPs (sampling rate 6 ms per point, epoch length 1,536 ms, prestimulus baseline 102 ms) produced in response to different classes of test word were obtained from 25 scalp sites as described 23. ERPs were quantified by measuring the mean amplitude of two latency regions, 300–500 and 500–800 ms after the onset of stimulus. Amplitude differences were assessed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) (degrees of freedom (d.f.) corrected for non-sphericity 24). Differences in scalp topography were assessed by d.f. -corrected ANOVA of the data from all 25 electrodes after rescaling 25. Semantic judgement task. Two groups of young adults (n ¼ 16) were used in each experiment. For experiment 3, the subjects were the same individuals as those used in experiment 1. A new sample was used in experiment 4. Experimental items were drawn from the same word pool used to construct the lists for experiments 1 and 2. For experiment 3, two study test blocks identical in structure to those used in experiment 1, although using different items, were administered. The only difference in procedure from experiment 1 was that subjects were required during the test to classify each test word as animate or inanimate. The procedure for experiment 4 was identical to that for experiment 3 except that the depth of processing manipulation at study was blocked. Stimulus display parameters and electroencephalogram recording for these experiments were as for experiment 1. As the differences between old and new words in the two experiments were very similar, and there were no block effects in experiment 4, the data are reported collapsed across experiments. Implicit and explicit memory for new associations in normal and amnesic subjects. Conscious recollection and the human hippocampal formation: evidence from positron emission tomography. electrophysiological measure of priming of visual word-form. Brain potentials during retrieval provide neurophysiological support for the distinction between conscious recollection and priming. A. How level of processing really influences awareness in recognition memory. Can. Receiver operating characteristics in recognition memory: evidence for a dual-process model. Retrieval dynamics of recognition and frequency judgments: evidence for separate processes of familiarity and recall. event-related potential study of explicit memory on tests of word-stem cued recall and recognition memory.
Weighted sparse representation using a learned distance metric for face recognition

This paper presents a novel weighted sparse representation classification for face recognition with a learned distance metric (WSRC-LDM) which learns a Mahalanobis distance to calculate the weight and code the testing face. The Mahalanobis distance is learned by using the information-theoretic metric learning (ITML) which helps to define a better weight used in WSRC. In the meantime, the learned distance metric takes advantage of the classification rule of SRC which helps the proposed method classify more accurately. Extensive experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Prevalence of intestinal parasites in hamsters and rabbits in some pet shops of Turkey.

OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to determine the parasite species carried by hamsters and rabbits purchased from some commercial pet shops in Turkey. METHODS For this purpose, the fecal samples of clinically healthy Syrian hamsters, dwarf hamsters, and crossbred rabbits were collected from 22 pet shops randomly selected in Ankara and Kirikkale provinces, located in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. The fecal samples were examined with centrifuge flotation technique using saturated salt solution. RESULTS Parasitic infection rate was 57.5% in dwarf hamsters, 54.9% in Syrian hamsters, and 56.3% in crossbreed rabbits. Trichurid eggs were the most prevalent parasite in the feces of Syrians hamsters (28.1%). The other parasites of Syrian hamsters were as follows: Eimeria spp. oocysts (15.4%) and the eggs of H. nana (11.2%), Syphacia spp. (11%). and Aspiculuris spp. (5.6 %). Only trichurid eggs were observed in the fecal samples of dwarf hamsters (51.5%). Oocysts of Eimeria spp. (52.7%) and the eggs of P. ambiguus (3.6%) were detected in the feces of rabbits. CONCLUSION Within the scope of this study, the detection of H. nana eggs, a zoonotic parasite, in the feces of Syrian hamster was quite remarkable for public health.
Optimal Policies for Inventory Systems with Priority Demand Classes

We consider a periodic review inventory system with two priority demand classes, one deterministic and the other stochastic. The deterministic demand must be met immediately in each period. However, the units of stochastic demand that are not satisfied during the period when demand occurs are treated as lost sales. At each decision epoch, one has to decide not only whether an order should be placed and how much to order, but also how much demand to fill from the stochastic source. The firm has the option to ration inventory to the stochastic source (i.e., not satisfy all customer demand even though there is inventory in the system). We first characterize the structure of the optimal policy. We show that, in general, the optimal order quantity and rationing policy are state dependent and do not have a simple structure. We then propose a simple policy, called ( s, k, S) policy, wheres andS (ordering policy) determine when and how much to order, whilek (rationing policy) specifies how much of the stochastic demand to satisfy. We report the results of a numerical study, which shows that this simple policy works extremely well and is very easy to compute.
Development of Fluorescent Sensors for Biorelevant Anions in Aqueous Media Using Positively Charged Quantum Dots

Quantum dots (QDs) have captured the attention of the scientific community due to their unique optical and electronic properties, leading to extensive research for different applications. They have also been employed as sensors for ionic species owing to their sensing properties. Detecting anionic species in an aqueous medium is a challenge because the polar nature of water weakens the interactions between sensors and ions. The anions bicarbonate (HCO3−), carbonate (CO32−), sulfate (SO42−), and bisulfate (HSO4−) play a crucial role in various physiological, environmental, and industrial processes, influencing the regulation of biological fluids, ocean acidification, and corrosion processes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop approaches capable of detecting these anions with high sensitivity. This study utilized CdTe QDs stabilized with cysteamine (CdTe-CYA) as a fluorescent sensor for these anions. The QDs exhibited favorable optical properties and high photostability. The results revealed a gradual increase in the QDs’ emission intensity with successive anion additions, indicating the sensitivity of CdTe-CYA to the anions. The sensor also exhibited selectivity toward the target ions, with good limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs). Thus, CdTe-CYA QDs show potential as fluorescent sensors for monitoring the target anions in water sources.
Analysis of the Integration of SDGs Values in Learning Science Project in Vocational Schools to Build a Sustainable Lifestyle

Vocational High School (VHS) students carry out a significant number of project activities as outputs of learning science projects, necessitating the use of large quantities of materials. In addition, the sustainability of the project products has not been thoroughly considered, as the focus often stops at the title of the work. This article aims to analyze the application of SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) values in learning science projects in VHS to build a sustainable lifestyle. The study utilized a quantitative descriptive approach, examining the results of questionnaires filled out by respondents who are vocational teachers in Central Java. The results showed that, on average, each school had not applied SDGs values in learning science projects. Some carry out the principles of SDGs such as orienting to economic or environmental aspects, but they do not fully understand the essence of these values. These indicators are integral to the SDGs, and their application has not been optimal. In addition, in the application of science project learning, the determination of project themes and materials is still oriented towards product creation. Therefore, students have not been encouraged to align their thoughts with building a sustainable lifestyle. Thus, there needs to be an effective learning strategy to integrate SDGs values in learning science projects in VHS so that projects are oriented towards product production alone and pay attention to sustainability values. Keywords: SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), IPAS project, sustainable lifestyle,
Epigenetic Alteration in Colorectal Cancer: Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications

Colorectal cancer (CRC), a prevalent malignant tumor of the digestive system, ranks as the third and second in global incidence and mortality, respectively, in 2020, with 1.93 million new cases (≈10% of all cancers). There are 940,000 deaths (≈9.4% of all cancers), and the incidence of CRC in younger patients (under 50 years of age) has become a new trend. The pathogenesis of CRC is primarily attributed to a series of genetic and epigenetic abnormalities within normal colonic epithelial cells, coupled with the reshaping of the tumor microenvironment in the surrounding stroma. This process leads to the transformation of colorectal adenomas into invasive adenocarcinomas. Although genetic changes are known to be the primary driving force in the occurrence and progression of CRC, recent research indicates that epigenetic regulation serves as a crucial molecular marker in cancer, playing a significant role in the pathological and physiological control of interactions between genetics and the environment. This review discusses the current global epidemiology of CRC, its risk factors, and preventive treatment strategies. The current study explores the latest advancements in the epigenetic regulation of CRC, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). These developments hold potential as screening tools, prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets for CRC.
Lean Project Delivery System ( LPDS ) Model

Projects are temporary production systems. When those systems are structured to deliver the product while maximizing value and minimizing waste, they are said to be ‘lean’ projects. Lean project management differs from traditional project management not only in the goals it pursues, but also in the structure of its phases, the relationship between phases and the participants in each phase. This paper presents a model of lean project management and contrasts lean and traditional approaches. Four tools or interventions are presented as illustrations of lean concepts in action.
Design ideas behind Bioprocess Library for Modelica

In this paper I describe key design ideas behind the Bioprocess Library. The library facilitates modelling and simulation of bioprocesses mainly for the pharmaceutical industry. It borrows some structures from MSL Fluid and Media but differs in central design choices and is much simpler. A typical application consists of both configuration of standard components from the library and tailor-made Modelica code defining the application dependent medium and bioprocess reactions. The guiding idea is that configuration of components works well for defining the setup of process equipment for a production line, while more flexibility is needed for modelling bioprocess reactions and therefore equations are used. Another central design idea is that components of equipment are centrally adapted to the medium used. One could say that the library is parameterised with the application media and reaction models. The focus of this paper is structural aspects of the library rather than the content.
Regenerative Therapy for Corneal Scarring Disorders

The cornea is a transparent and vitally multifaceted component of the eye, playing a pivotal role in vision and ocular health. It has primary refractive and protective functions. Typical corneal dysfunctions include opacities and deformities that result from injuries, infections, or other medical conditions. These can significantly impair vision. The conventional challenges in managing corneal ailments include the limited regenerative capacity (except corneal epithelium), immune response after donor tissue transplantation, a risk of long-term graft rejection, and the global shortage of transplantable donor materials. This review delves into the intricate composition of the cornea, the landscape of corneal regeneration, and the multifaceted repercussions of scar-related pathologies. It will elucidate the etiology and types of dysfunctions, assess current treatments and their limitations, and explore the potential of regenerative therapy that has emerged in both in vivo and clinical trials. This review will shed light on existing gaps in corneal disorder management and discuss the feasibility and challenges of advancing regenerative therapies for corneal stromal scarring.
Wilderness science in a time of change conference-Volume 5: Wilderness ecosystems, threats, and management; 1999 May 23-27; Missoula, MT

Forty-six papers are presented on the nature and management of threats to wilderness ecosystems. Five overview papers synthesize knowledge and research on wilderness fire, recreation impacts, livestock in wilderness, nonnative invasive plants, and wilderness air quality. Other papers contain the results of specific research projects on wilderness recreation impacts and management, wilderness restoration, fire and its management, and issues related to air, water, and exotic species.