Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPUTATION OF MINKOWSKI MEASURES ON 2D AND 3D BINARY IMAGES

Minkowski functionals encompass standard geometric parameters such as volume, area, length and the Euler-Poincare characteristic. Software tools for computing approximations of Minkowski functionals on binary 2D or 3D images are now available based on mathematical methods due to Serra, Lang and Ohser. Minkowski functionals can not be used to describe spatial heterogeneity of structures. This description can be performed by using Minkowski measures, which are local versions of Minkowski functionals. In this paper, we discuss how to extend the computation of Minkowski functionals to the computation of Minkowski measures. Approximations of Minkowski measures are computed using fltering and look-up table transformations. The final result is represented as a grey-level image. Approximation errors are investigated based on numerical examples. Convergence and non convergence of the measure approximations are discussed. The measure of surface area is used to describe spatial heterogeneity of a synthetic structure, and of an image of tomato pericarp.
Metamaterial-based source and scattering enhancements: From microwave to optical frequencies

A brief review of metamaterial applications to source and scattering problems in the microwave and optical frequency regimes is given. Issues associated with modelling these systems are discussed. Electrically small radiating and scattering systems are emphasized. Single negative, double negative, and zero-index versions of these metamaterial-based systems are introduced that provide a means to manipulate their efficiency, bandwidth, and directivity characteristics.
A forward narrow-wall double-slot 3 dB coupler based on hybrid HSIW/GCPW guided-wave structure

Based on a novel hybrid guided-wave structure of half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HSIW) and ground coplanar waveguide (GCPW), a forward narrow-wall double-slot 3 dB coupler with the center operating frequency of 18 GHz is proposed. The narrow-wall double-slot coupling mechanism between TE10 mode of SIW and TEM mode of GCPW is studied and efficient coupling is achieved by using triangle-shaped slots. Such coupler takes the advantages of low profile, low insertion loss of HSIW and flexibility of GCPW. The coupler is fabricated and the measured results are in agreement with the simulated ones. A relative bandwidth over 20% is achieved with 0.5 dB amplitude imbalance excited at different ports.
Effect of Si doping on the electron spin resonance properties of ferrihydrite nanoparticles

Electron spin resonance investigations at 9.24 GHz in Si-doped two-line ferrihydrite (Si/FeOOH/spl middot/nH/sub 2/O) nanoparticles of size /spl sime/4 nm are reported for x=Si/(Si+Fe)=0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15. For all samples, a single broad resonance near g/spl sime/2 is observed; however with increase in x, both the resonance field H/sub r/ and linewidth /spl Delta/H increase but integrated intensity I of the line decreases, similar to the observed decrease in magnetization with x. These observations suggest that the observed resonance is due to uncompensated Fe/sup 3+/ surface spins. Temperature variation (300 K to 80 K) of H/sub r/ and /spl Delta/H for x=0.05 shows a downward shift (/spl delta/H/sub r/) of the line with a rapid increase in /spl Delta/H so that /spl delta/H/sub r//spl prop/(/spl Delta/H)/sup 3/ predicted for randomly oriented nanoparticles is observed.
Two-dimensional C6X (X = P2, N2, NP) with ultra-wide bandgap and high carrier mobility

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with ultra-wide bandgap and high carrier mobility are highly promising for electronic applications. We predicted 2D C3P, C3N and C6NP monolayers through density-functional-theory calculations. The phonon spectra and Ab initio molecular dynamics simulation confirm that the three 2D materials exhibit good phase stability. The C3P monolayer shows excellent mechanical flexibility with a critical strain of 27%. The C3P and C6NP monolayers are ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors based on Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof hybrid functional (HSE06) calculation. The C3P monolayer has a direct bandgap of 4.42 eV, and the C6NP and C3N monolayer have indirect bandgaps of 3.94 and 3.35 eV, respectively. The C3P monolayer exhibits a high hole mobility of 9.06 × 104 cm2V−1s−1, and the C3N monolayer shows a high electron mobility of 4.52 × 104 cm2V−1s−1. Hence, the C3P, C3N, and C6NP monolayers are promising materials for various electronic devices.
Serum biochemical reference interval determination in wild Siberian weasel (Mustela sibirica)

Determining reference intervals (RI) is a valuable asset for assessing the health of wildlife species. This is the first study to establish serum biochemical RIs in Siberian weasels. Forty-two healthy free-ranging Siberian weasels were captured live and brought to Seoul Wildlife Center between June 2021 and August 2022. Blood samples from 42 healthy Siberian weasels of both sexes were used to calculate RIs. An automated analyser was used to perform serum biochemistry profiles. The American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology recommendations were used to calculate a nonparametric RI with 90% confidence intervals. The RIs of albumin, total protein, globulin, calcium, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, phosphorus, amylase, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, and creatine kinase were determined. The RIs established in this study will serve as a good starting point for analysing serum biochemical data in Siberian weasels.
Fusion algorithm for infrared and visible image based on NSST and adaptive PCNN

Aiming at the feature of infrared and vision images,a new fusion algorithm which combines nonsubsampled shearlet transform( NSST) with adaptive pulse coupled neural network( PCNN) is presented. For the low-frequency sub-band coefficients,a fusion rule which combines local variance with a Gaussian weight distribution matrix after NSST transform with variance matching is used. For the high-frequency sub-band coefficients,an improved spatial frequency as the input of the PCNN is used,and the improved sum of Laplace energy as the PCNN link strength is used. The high-frequency sub-band coefficients are selected by using the global coupling and pulse synchronization of PCNN,and finally fusion results are obtained by inverse NSST transform. The experiment results show that compared to the traditional image fusion algorithms,the proposed algorithm achieves better results in the subjective visual and also improves the objective criteria in some extent.
Building Equitable Education Datasets for Developing Nations: Equity-Minded Data Collection and Disaggregation to Improve Schools, Districts, and Communities

Many studies of education engage with large datasets to attempt to solve educational problems. However, no studies have provided a systematic overview of how large datasets could be compiled with an eye toward solving educational problems related to equity, especially as it relates to racial, gender, and socioeconomic equity. This study provides a synthesis of literature and recommendations for how developing nations can learn from peers and collect, disaggregate, and analyze data in ways that promote equity, thus improving schools, school districts, and communities.
A B-Tree Based Interval Consistency Control Method in DVE Systems

The consistency problem is one of the key issues to determine system functionality and performance in DVE systems. The existing methods often cannot satisfy the requirements of order consistency and interval consistency at the same time, or impose a constraint relationship on receiver nodes which brings difficulties to optimize responsiveness. In this paper, we propose a novel interval consistency control method based on B-Tree data structure. The method can improve the overall responsiveness without compromising consistency functionality. Experimental results prove that our method can effectively improve the functionality and performance of DVE systems.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Antibiotic Utilisation in Malaysian Primary Care Clinics: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a dramatic change in the delivery of primary healthcare across the world, presumably changing trends in consultations for infectious diseases and antibiotic use. This study aimed at describing and evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on antibiotic use in public primary care clinics in Malaysia between 2018 and 2021. Data from the nationwide procurement database of systemic antibiotics from public primary care clinics in Malaysia between January 2018 and December 2021 were analysed using interrupted time series analysis. The monthly number of defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) was calculated and grouped by antibiotic class. The trend of antibiotic utilisation rates had been decreasing by 0.007 DID monthly before March 2020 (p = 0.659). With the introduction of national lockdown due to COVID-19 beginning March 2020, there was a significant reduction in the level of antibiotic utilisation rates of 0.707 (p = 0.022). Subsequently, the monthly trend showed a slight upward change until the end of the study period (p = 0.583). Our findings indicate that there was a significant decrease in antibiotic utilisation for systemic use in primary care following the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the preceding years (January 2018–March 2020).
MODIFIED GENETIC ALGORITHM APPLIED TO SOLVE PRODUCT FAMILY OPTIMIZATION PROBLEM

The product family design problem solved by evolutionary algorithms is discussed.A successful product family design method should achieve an optimal tradeoff among a set of compet- ing objectives,which involves maximizing commonality across the family of products and optimizing the performances of each product in the family.A 2-level chromosome structured genetic algorithm (2LCGA)is proposed to solve this class of problems and its performance is analyzed in comparing its results with those obtained with other methods.By interpreting the chromosome as a 2-level linear structure,the variable commonality genetic algorithm(GA)is constructed to vary the amount of plat- form commonality and automatically searches across varying levels of commonality for the platform while trying to resolve the tradeoff between commonality and individual product performance within the product family during optimization process.By incorporating a commonality assessing index to the problem formulation,the 2LCGA optimize the product platform and its corresponding family of products in a single stage,which can yield improvements in the overall performance of the product family compared with two-stage approaches(the first stage involves determining the best settings for the platform variables and values of unique variables are found for each product in the second stage). The scope of the algorithm is also expanded by introducing a classification mechanism to allow mul- tiple platforms to be considered during product family optimization,offering opportunities for supe- rior overall design by more efficacious tradeoffs between commonality and performance.The effec- tiveness of 2LCGA is demonstrated through the design of a family of universal electric motors and comparison against previous results.
Preliminary Design of Low-Thrust Multiple Gravity-Assist Trajectories

The availability of electric engines as primary sources of propulsion has opened the doors to new scenarios for future interplanetary missions, but has increased the complexity of trajectory design. This paper proposes a novel approach to the preliminary design of interplanetary trajectories characterized by a combination of low-thrust propulsion and multiple gravity-assist maneuvers. Low-thrust arcs are obtained by shaping the trajectory through a set of parameterized pseudoequinoctial elements. The characterization of the solution space for a particular set of planetary encounters and a range of launch dates is then performed through a global optimization method, blending a particular evolutionary algorithm with a deterministic domain decomposition technique. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through a number of examples of the design of low-thrust, gravity-assist interplanetary trajectories.
Green’s Functions of Spin and Electromagnetic Waves in the Sinusoidal Superlattice

The problem of finding the Green's function of spin and electromagnetic waves in the sinusoidal superlattice is considered. An analytical expression for the spectral representation of the Green's function has been found in the form of ascending continued fractions, the particular denominators of which are ordinary continued fractions. The Green’s function in the-space has been found by the numerical Fourier transformation of the Greens’s function found in the spectral representation.
1.53 mu m InGaAsP-InP first-order lambda /4-shifted distributed feedback lasers with high coupling coefficients

The authors report on the performance of distributed feedback lasers, revealing coupling coefficients as high as 330 cm/sup -1/. No mode hopping is observed, stable single-mode operation at a high sidemode suppression ratio up to 51.2 dB is obtained, and the linewidths are linear with increasing reciprocal output power. Well-open eyes and no bit-pattern effects are observed in 5 and 8 GB/s nonreturn to zero modulations. In addition, high coupling is found to have several important advantages, e.g. lower feedback sensitivity, lower threshold gain for the Bragg mode, lower relative intensity noise, and lower influence on the facet reflectivity and n the end-facet phase, resulting in a higher yield of single-mode lasers for arbitrary cleaved facets. >
Exploring Quantum Sensing Potential for Systems Applications

The current rise of quantum technology is compelled by quantum sensing research. Thousands of research labs are developing and testing a broad range of sensor prototypes. However, there is a lack of knowledge about specific applications and real-world use cases where the benefits of these sensors will be most pronounced. This study presents a comprehensive review of quantum sensing state-of-practice. It also provides a detailed analysis of how quantum sensing overcomes the existing limitations of sensor-driven systems’ precision and performance. Based on the review of over 500 quantum sensor prototype reports, we determined four groups of quantum sensors and discussed their readiness for commercial usage. We concluded that quantum magnetometry and quantum optics are the most advanced sensing technologies with empirically proven results. In turn, quantum timing and kinetics are still in the early stages of practical validation. In addition, we defined four systems domains in which quantum sensors offer a solution for existing limitations of conventional sensing technologies. These domains are 1) GPS-free positioning and navigating services, 2) time-based operations, 3) topological visibility, and 4) environment detection, prediction, and modeling. Finally, we discussed the current constraints of quantum sensing technologies and offered directions for future research.
Method for Improving Randomness of Tent Chaotic Sequences

(Abstract )Tent chaotic maps have good ergodicity and uniformity, but fail the NIST randomness tests. Therefore, a new measure is proposed for improving the randomness of Tent chaotic sequences. According to the method, Tent chaotic maps are transformed into the piecewise Tent maps that are featured by greater Lyapunov exponents, better performance of correlations and power spectrum. Besides, the sequences of piecewise Tent maps are tested by NIST randomness tests. Results indicate that the sequences of the proposed chaotic maps are random enough and suitable for future applications in communication and information security.
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS ON THE LOGARITHMIC EXTENSION OF THE QUANTUM 3D SPACE AND WEYL ALGEBRA

Noncommutative derivative operators acting on the quantum 3D space in the sense of Manin are introduced. Furthermore, the quantum 3D space is extended by the series expansion of the logarithm of the grouplike generator in the quantum 3D space. We give its differential calculus and the corresponding Weyl algebra. We also obtain algebra of Cartan–Maurer forms on this extension and the corresponding Lie algebra of vector fields. All noncommutative results are found to reduce to those of the standard commutative algebra when the deformation parameter of the quantum 3D space is set to one.
Specular Scattering of Underwater Sound from a Wind‐Driven Surface

A wind‐driven water surface possessing the characteristics of a simple sea (near Gaussian distribution of slopes and a realistic ratio of the upwind‐downwind slope to the cross slope) has been studied acoustically by analyzing specular scattering at normal incidence (surface roughness g=16π2σ2cos2σ/λ2 ranging from 0.32 to 26). Theory, based on Kirchhoff approximation, is used to estimate the root‐mean‐square surface height and the root‐mean‐square slope. Theory and experiment agree far beyond the restrictions of the Kirchhoff assumption. The acoustically determined value of the root‐mean‐square slope is 17% less than the optically measured value. As predicted, the form of the distribution of scattered sound varies from Gaussian to Rayleigh for increasing surface roughness. At any instant, the relative specularly scattered intensity decreases monotonically with increasing frequency to a minimum value at g≃3, from which it is possible to get a second estimate of the root‐mean‐square surface height; above g≃.
Representations of a reductive algebraic group whose algebras of invariants are complete intersections.

Throughout this paper G will denote a reductive complex linear algebraic group. Let ρ: G—> GL(F) be a finite dimensional linear representation of G over the field C of complex numbers. Then G acts naturally on the affine coordinate ring C[F] of the affine space V with the regul r action of G and we denote by <C[F] the C-subalgebra of <C[F] consisting of all invariant polynomials under this action of G. According to the theorem of Hubert (cf. [23]), <C[F] is a finitely generated C-algebra which determines the quotient variety V/G together with the quotient morphism nQtG:V—> F/G. Let fiCC^! ,. ,^]—> <C[F] be a graded C-epimorphism from an m-dimensional graded polynomial algebra over C such that Ψ(Χί)'$ form a minimal System of homogeneous generators of C[F]. Ker Ψ, which is called the first syzygy of C[F], is minimally generated by some homogeneous elements gf (l^i^d). If d = 0, C[F] is regarded s a polynomial algebra over C, and we say that (ρ, G) is coregular. Such irreducible ρ'8 of a simple G were determined by Kac, Popov and Vinberg [16]. Moreover Schwarz [35] and Adamovich and Golovina [1], independently, gave the classification of reducible coregular representations of a simple G. As for the number d, we generally have d^m-dimC[F], which follows from Krull's altitude theorem. Let us recall that <C[F] (and so V/G) is said to be a complete intersection (CI, for short), if d = m — dim C[F], and we will call such a representation (ρ, G) or a CG-module F completely co-intersected (COCI, for short). Recently we determined in [30] the normal torus embeddings which are local CI's, and hence, if G is an algebraic torus, all COCI ρ'8 are implicitely known. The purpose of the present paper is to try to classify COCI representations of some reductive groups. The author was inspired to do this work by [16], [33], [35]. Our general strategy and some specific results are parallel to those of [16]. Sections 2 and 3 are devoted to proving
The classification of red wine quality based on machine learning techniques

The main purpose of this research is to observe the relationships between physicochemical properties (inputs) and sensory (output) variables in the practice of data exploring and analysis. Primarily, this paper investigates the correlation between physicochemical properties with the red wine quality. After fundamental analysis, the classification models of the red wine quality are constructed including KNN, XGB, SVC, and Random Forest models. Based on the evaluation metrics, the Random Forest model has the highest accuracy eventually. It is concluded that the concentrations of sulphates and alcohol have positive influences on red wine quality while lowering the concentration of volatile acidity can also increase the quality. According to the outputs of the models created, the Random Forest produced the best performance according to the accuracy, precision, and f1-score values. The main purpose of this paper is to perform scientific observations of red wine quality based on 11 physicochemical data. These results shed light on the physicochemical that are having a positive correlation with the increment of red wine quality, which provides instrumental suggestions for producing high-quality red wine.
Proton acceleration in neutron star magnetospheres

To explain the emission of TeV and PeV gamma rays from accreting X-ray binary sources, protons must be accelerated to several times the gamma-ray energy. It is shown here that at certain times, the plasma in the accretion column of the neutron star may form a deep enough pool that the top portion becomes unstable to convective motions in spite of the strong magnetic field. The resulting turbulence produces fluctuations in the strength of the magnetic field that travel up the accretion column, taking energy out to the region of the energetic protons. The protons resonantly absorb this energy and are accelerated to high energies. Including the synchrotron radiation losses of the protons, it is shown that they can be accelerated to energies that are high enough to explain the gamma-ray observations.
An efficient method for solving non-negative Sylvester matrix equations

Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) is an effective method for solving separable convex optimization problems. In this paper, the method is extended to solve Sylvester equations with nonnegative constraint. We give a convergence result showing that the algorithm converges to a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker point whenever it converges. Numerical evidence shows that the proposed algorithm can efficiently solve nonnegative Sylvester equations.
Sparse domination of uncentered variational operators

We further streamline Lacey's recent sparse pointwise domination technique and reformulate it in terms of a variational refinement of the nontangential maximal function. As an application we obtain weighted variational bounds for truncated Calder\'on--Zygmund operators and their commutators with BMO functions. We also obtain a new, simple proof of Lerner's sparse domination result for the intrinsic square function.