Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The inter-generational transmission of trauma: The effects of abuse on the survivor's relationship with their children and on the children themselves

Abstract This paper explores some of the potential consequences of childhood abuse in adulthood, in terms of the effects on parenting, and on the child of the abuse survivor. Reference is made, and parallels drawn where appropriate, to the experiences of survivors of the Holocaust in respect of both these themes. the clinical experience of the author vis-a-vis survivors of abuse and parenting has strong similarities to some of the findings of those researching this subject from the perspective of the Holocaust. While the primary focus is on the experiences of survivors of childhood abuse these similarities and parallels are also acknowledged.
Cognitive Analysis of Chinese-English Metaphors of Animal and Human Body Part Words.

Metaphorical cognition arises from the mapping of two conceptual domains onto each other. According to the “Anthropocentrism”, people tend to know the world first by learning about their bodies including Apparatuses. Based on that, people begin to know the material world, and the human body part metaphorization emerges as the times requires. Because mankind possesses same body structure, perceptive organs, same perceptive and cognitive abilities, so people have many similarities in their cognition. At the same time, both the metaphor thinking and the conceptive system are from human living experiences. As a kind of thinking mode and behavior mode, the metaphor doesn’t exist along, and it can not break away from the social and cultural environment, and it must be combined closely with certain language situation and culture. As a result of cultural influence, metaphor shows its unique nationality. Taking English-Chinese animal and human body part words as the example, the cultural cognitive difference of Chinese and English metaphors is analyzed in the article.
Analysis of e-Toll card usage at Pondok Ranji Tollgate

e-Toll is a prepaid card used mainly for electronic payment at toll gates which accepts its usage. This research is conducted because the researcher has observed the phenomenon that the usage of e-Toll Card is still low. The main problem that this research addresses is to analyze the reasons that e-Toll Card still had not reached its intended usage level of 30 % of all toll users which should have been achieved at December 2012 as is set by PT Jalantol Lingkarluar Jakarta. The objective of this research is to develop advices for PT JLJ to improve e-Toll usage on Pondok Ranji Tollgate and to improve e-Toll services for existing e-Toll Card users. This research first determines the exact amount of e-Toll usage which is determined to be 22.46 %. This research then attempts to capture the opinion of user using a questionnaire. The survey results are then analyzed using descriptive statistics and Mann Whitney test to develop the advice. The result of the research are developed advices to improve the usage of e-Toll card and to improve existing e-Toll services for existing users which are socialization for e-Toll Card's other uses aside from payment at tollgates and that other Mandiri Prepaid Card under different brand could also be used like an e-Toll Card, a promotion system that is more noticeable to the customers, increasing the number of lanes for the Bintaro-Jakarta route, adding more locations to recharge the e-Toll card, implementing a recharge system that does not require a top up process, increasing the benefits of e-Toll Card, continuing the e-Toll Card sale in Toll Gate, a system to warn e-Toll Card user that their funds are running out, faster transaction times for e-Toll card, and making the OBU have lower prices and easier to purchase.
User-Oriented Load Balance in Software-Defined Campus WLANs

In this paper, we propose a novel concept of virtual resource chain for Software Defined Campus WLANs (SD-WLANs). A typical SD-WLAN is composed of three layers, i.e., infrastructure, access control and application layers. Firstly, the network control plane is decoupled from the forwarding plane, and soft-defined access points (SD-APs) merely execute the forwarding rules according to the instructions from access controllers (ACs). Secondly, with a global view of the network, AC could abstract, encapsulate, and virtualize the physical resources (e.g., computing, storage, and radio resources). Finally, by binding all the resources between the infrastructure and access control layers, isolated virtual resource chains are built up and simultaneously mapped to northbound interface (NBI) to accommodate various services at the application layer. Benefiting from the virtual resource chain, a user-oriented load balance scheme is presented in this paper. In SD-WLANs, the load of APs could be balanced according to the user's demands, and our proposed user-oriented load balance scheme could be easily invoked only by coding at the application layer. Experiment results demonstrate that our scheme is able to distribute mobile stations among all the APs and increase the average system throughput, and thus to increase the flexibility and availability of networks.
Direct acting antivirals for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: one pill a day for tomorrow

Chronic hepatitis C is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease with approximately 170 million people infected worldwide. Sustained virological response (SVR) is equivalent to viral eradication and associated with a reduction in the risk of cirrhosis. Nowadays the treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 chronic infection is the addition of direct acting antivirals (DAA) with a protease inhibitor (telaprevir or boceprevir) to the pegylated interferon (PEG‐IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) regimen. The future management of patients with these new molecules will require good clinical practice, knowledge of indications, management of side effects and monitoring for antiviral resistance. Certain major medical needs are still unmet and require studies in special populations (HIV‐HCV coinfected patients, transplanted patients, etc.…) and also in HCV non‐1 genotype patients and in non‐responders. Second generation DAA are in development. Combinations of antivirals with additive potency that lack cross resistance and with a good safety profile may provide new regimens in the future to make HCV the first chronic viral infection eradicated worldwide with a finite duration of combination DAA therapy without IFN. The aim of this review is to summarize mechanisms of action and results obtained with DAAs.
Constellation Shaping for Bandwidth-Efficient Turbo-Coded Modulation With Iterative Receiver

This paper introduces a new technique for combining constellation shaping and bit-interleaved turbo-coded modulation (BITCM) over additive white Gaussian noise channel. The proposed scheme consists of serial concatenation of a binary turbo code, short-length binary shaping code, and mapping function using Gray labeling. The corresponding receiver is made up of four blocks (demapper, shaping decoder, and two constituent RSC decoders) exchanging extrinsic information in order to optimize error performance. A BITCM scheme employing 16-PAM constellation to achieve a rate of 3 bits/dim is considered as an example. It is shown that, by careful selection of the shaping code parameters, shaping gains almost equal to 0.8 dB can be obtained at a little cost in terms of system complexity.
Propagation of Large Bandwidth Microwave Signals in Water

Large bandwidth microwave signals propagating in dispersive media can result in pulses decaying according to a non-exponential law. In particular, large bandwidth signals in the microwave band, propagating in media that can be described by the Debye model (for example fresh water), decays as the square root of the inverse of the propagation distance, instead of exponentially. Although it is a direct consequence of well-known theory of propagation in dispersive media, this result is a bit surprising and its experimental evidence has required a careful set-up.
Prediction-based recovery from link outages in on-board mobile communication networks

In on-board mobile networks, such as those proposed for (and employed in) public transport vehicles, users are connected to a local network that attaches to the Internet via a mobile router and a wireless link. Central and coordinated management of mobility in a single router, rather than by each user device individually, has numerous advantages; however, it also means that link outages, e.g. due to signal degradation or handoff failure, may have an immediate impact on a potentially large number of connections. We argue that the advance knowledge of public transport routes, and their repetitive nature, allows a certain degree of prediction of impending link outages, which can be used to offset their catastrophic impact. Focusing on the TCP protocol and its extension known as Freeze-TCP, we study how the performance of the protocol depends on the outage prediction probability. In particular, we propose a Markov model of Freeze-TCP and, using simulations, show that it accurately predicts the performance improvement gained by outage prediction.
Cross‐talk among epidermal growth factor, Ap5A, and nucleotide receptors causing enhanced ATP Ca2+ signaling involves extracellular kinase activation in cerebellar astrocytes

In previous papers, we reported that ATP calcium responses in cerebellar astrocytes were strongly potentiated by preincubation with nanomolar concentrations of the diadenosine pentaphosphate Ap5A. However, the intracellular signaling pathway mediating this effect was not defined. We also showed that stimulation of astrocytes with the dinucleotide led to the activation of extracellular regulated kinases (ERKs). Here, we examined whether ERKs are involved in the potentiating mechanism and intracellular mechanism leading to their activation. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) exactly reproduced the potentiation displayed by the dinucleotide. Moreover, the potentiation of ATP responses by Ap5A and EGF was completely abolished by the MAP kinase (MEK) inhibitor U‐0126, indicating that ERK activation is a required step for the potentiation event. Our data also indicated that ERK activation and the potentiation of ATP calcium responses were sensitive to the src‐like kinase inhibitor herbimycin A, p21ras farnesyltransferase inhibitor peptide, and some PKC inhibitors. Taken together, our findings reveal that Ap5A triggers the potentiation of ATP calcium responses through an intracellular mechanism that is insensitive to pertussis toxin and that this potentiation requires src protein‐mediated ERK activation and the participation of an atypical protein kinase C isoform activated downstream from ERK. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of Q-learning with random exploration for selection of auxiliary objectives in random local search

We perform theoretical analysis for a previously proposed method of enhancing performance of an evolutionary algorithm with reinforcement learning. The method adaptively chooses between auxiliary objectives in a single-objective evolutionary algorithm using reinforcement learning. We consider the Q-learning algorithm with ε-greedy strategy (ε > 0), using a benchmark problem based on ONEMAX. For the evolutionary algorithm, we consider the Random Local Search. In our setting, ONEMAX problem should be solved in the presence of the obstructive ZEROMAX objective. This benchmark tests the ability of the reinforcement learning algorithm to ignore such an inefficient objective. It was previously shown that in the case of the greedy strategy (ε = 0), the considered algorithm performs on the described benchmark problem in the best possible time for a conventional evolutionary algorithm. However, the ε-greedy strategy appears to perform in exponential time. Furthermore, every selection algorithm which selects an inefficient auxiliary objective with probability of at least δ is shown to be asymptotically inefficient when δ > 0 is a constant.
Evaluation of Clinical Effectiveness of Churro Jumper Appliance in the Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion with Retrognathic Mandible

Introduction: The Churro Jumper is an efficient, inexpensive and uncomplicated fixed flexible functional appliance. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of the Churro Jumper appliance in treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion with retrognathic mandible. Materials and methods: Six patients were chosen with skeletal Class II malocclusion randomly with mean age of 11 years to 9 months. Average study period was 4 months. Cephalometric analysis and model analysis were used to measure skeletal and dental changes. Results: Churro Jumper contributes in correction of Class II molar relationship by dentoalveolar effects on both jaws. There was uprighting of maxillary incisors and proclination of mandibular incisors. Conclusion: Churro Jumper is clinically effective as well as efficient appliance in skeletal Class II malocclusion.
What Proportion of Adult Hispanics Are Catholic? A Review of Survey Data and Methodology

The proportion of Hispanics who are Catholic remains unclear, partly because of varying survey methods and limited understanding of how these variations affect estimates of Hispanic religious identification. We compare 12 national surveys conducted since 1990. Language use strongly predicts religious identification among Hispanics-more strongly than other indicators of assimilation-and evidence suggests English-only interviewing inflates Protestant identification. Additionally, identifying Hispanics through ancestry questions may inflate Catholic identification. We also explore effects of sampling bias, noncoverage bias, and weighting on religious identification. Analyses suggest that poststratification weighting is advisable, particularly for language use. However, weighting cannot fully substitute for extensive coverage of subpopulations such as recent immigrants and Spanish-only speakers. We conclude that 70 percent or slightly more is a reasonable estimate of the proportion of adult Hispanics who are Catholic, and 20 percent a reasonable estimate of the proportion who are Protestant or other Christian.
A ‘Historic’ Day and a Nonhistoric Day in the History of Palestine

Birzeit is a small town on the outskirts of the Ramallah district. Every so often it is treated to occasional appearances by the Israeli Defense Force (IDF), so that the local shabab (young men) can hone their stone-throwing technique, and the IDF can make sure anyone whose technique improves too much doesn't stay in town much longer. Birzeit is where I found myself on 15 August 2005, which I was later informed was a `historic' day. I happened to be in Birzeit once again on 25 January 2006. This day was, rather conspicuously, not `historic'. In the Arabic the word for historyötarix (ta-ree-chh)öis also the word for date. This linguistic coincidence provides me with a starting place for thinking about what made 15 August 2005 `historic', whereas 25 January 2006 was just another date. However, my broader aim in thinking through this distinction (and the colonial power relations inherent within it) is to highlight how such discussions of `high politics' and (frequently violent) spectacle make little time and space for the everyday geographies that also continually make Palestine.
In Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of a New Laser Surface Implant: Cellular Adhesion and Alkaline Phosphatase Production Tests

Bone tissue reacts in different ways to implant surfaces with different patterns. The aim of this study is to understand which laser generated surface pattern produces the best cell adhesion in vitro, evaluating both the activity of the alkaline phosphatase and the cells adhering to titanium samples. Tests were carried out on titanium samples with sandblasted surfaces with laser-produced holes with diameters of 5, 10, and 20 μm, and on sandblasted titanium cylinders without holes as controls. The samples were inserted into culture medium containing SaOS-2 cells for 3, 7 and 10 days. The results showed that at days 3 and 7 the laser surfaces stimulated a higher production of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) compared to the data from the control group. At day 10 there were no significant differences between the test group and the control group.
Using Deep Neural Networks for Automated Speech Recognition

Section 2 presents the company and shows why its organization requires a research team and what are the main challenges it addresses. It also briefly presents the team, which has an independent history. Then Section 3 explains more technically the state-of-theart solutions used for speech and language processing. Section 4 focuses on a class of models whose use is growing in this pipeline, namely Deep Neural Networks. In Section 5, the tools and implementations available are described. Given the background of all the previous sections, section 6 presents my work and contributions during this internship, both scientifically and technically.
Beginning teachers' understanding performances of technology integration

As part of a two-year, mixed methods study, the focus of this paper reports the qualitative findings that are related to nine beginning teachers' learning to teach with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) during their first year of teaching. It aims to explore how these teachers deepen their understanding performances of technology integration in their first year. They demonstrated consistent, varied perceptions, frequency and ways of using ICT for classroom teaching and learning from their initial teacher education to their first year teaching. They developed diverse understandings of technology integration from their own practice, and chose to play different roles, such as, follower, doer and emerging teacher leader for technology integration. Suggestions to schools on providing beginning teachers with ongoing technical and pedagogical support and capitalizing on their tech-savvy strengths are discussed.
Sleep and depression as risk indicators for temporomandibular disorders in a cross-cultural perspective: a case-control study.

PURPOSE We conducted this case-control study to determine the role of 2 neuropsychologic variables (sleep and depression) as possible risk indicators for the development of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Neuropsychologic tests, traditional signs and symptoms of TMD, and social and economic variables were analyzed. Seventy-two predominantly muscle-related TMD patients (Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD groups Ia, Ib, and IIIa) and 30 age- and sex-matched pain-free controls were included in the population. RESULTS Overall, TMD patients had statistically significantly higher sleep and depression scores on the Sleep Assessment Questionnaire and on the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Beck Depression Inventory, with odds ratios of 5 and 1.6, respectively. These results remained unchanged even after controlling for 8 confounders in the logistic regression analysis. Spontaneous pain and pain on palpation (grade 2 or higher) were also statistically significantly worse in TMD patients. In the forward-step logistic regression analysis, we also found that the combination of our best TMD predictors (ie, sleep, cigarettes, alcohol) had a better predictive value (percent agreement = 78.69%) than when the variables were analyzed alone. CONCLUSION Sleep and depression are considered important risk indicators for the development of TMD.
Nonverbal Communication in a Caribbean Medical School: “Touch Is a Touchy Issue”

Background: The heath communication curriculum at the Trinidad campus of the University of the West Indies was developed out of practices advocated in large Western countries. Many students and tutors observed that the nonverbal skills advocated in these approaches did not fit the complex cultural dynamics of the Caribbean. Purpose: A study was developed to understand the problems Caribbean students faced with these nonverbal communication practices. Methods: Thirty-six students representing different Caribbean territories were randomly selected from the two compulsory communication skills courses: Communication Skills for Health Personnel and Communication Skills for the Health Professions class list. These students participated in 4 focus group discussions (FGD). The FGD questions were formulated on the nonverbal skills advanced in the Calgary–Cambridge Guide to the doctor–patient interview. Results: The findings supported the view that recommended nonverbal skills were in conflict with expected doctor–patient behavior in different Caribbean territories. Students felt that nonverbal communication needed to be treated with greater cultural sensitivity. Conclusions: These findings stimulated changes to the health communication program. This article identifies changes made to the communication skills program in response to cultural difference.
Calcium phosphate coatings for dental implants. Current status and future potential.

The initial experience with high-quality HA coatings has been positive. The application of HA coatings to metallic substrate implants represents the first time that the body can be directed as to where, and to some extent how, it should respond to their implantation, representing a truly incremental increase from metals material technology and an interim step towards more tailorable, biologically active systems. It remains clear at this writing that all HA-coatings are not created equal and it remains an environment of "buyer beware. " There is cause for optimism as new advances in the three essential criteria will only improve the current success rate. These advances and increases in efficacy will, as always, be pioneered in the dental and oral surgical disciplines.
DNA damage and DNA sequence retrieval from ancient tissues.

Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to determine the amounts of eight oxidative base modifications in DNA extracted from 11 specimens of bones and soft tissues, ranging in age from 40 to >50 000 years. Among the compounds assayed hydantoin derivatives of pyrimidines were quantitatively dominant. From five of the specimens endogenous ancient DNA sequences could be amplified by PCR. The DNA from these specimens contained substantially lower amounts of hydantoins than the six specimens from which no DNA could be amplified. Other types of damage, e.g. oxidation products of purines, did not correlate with the inability to retrieve DNA sequences. Furthermore, all samples with low amounts of damage and from which DNA could be amplified stemmed from regions where low temperatures have prevailed throughout the burial period of the specimens.