Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relative Importance of Strength, Power, and Anthropometric Measures to Jump Performance of Elite Volleyball Players

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the potential strength, power, and anthropometric contributors to vertical jump performances that are considered specific to volleyball success: the spike jump (SPJ) and counter-movement vertical jump (CMVJ). To assess the relationship among strength, power, and anthropometric variables with CMVJ and SPJ, a correlation and regression analysis was performed. In addition, a comparison of strength, power, and anthropometric differences between the seven best subjects and the seven worst athletes on the CMVJ test and SPJ test was performed. When expressed as body mass relative measures, moderate correlations (0.53-0.65; p ≤ 0.01) were observed between the 1RM measures and both relative CMVJ and relative SPJ. Very strong correlations were observed between relative (absolute height-standing reach height) depth jump performance and relative SPJ (0.85; p ≤ 0.01) and relative CMVJ (0.93; p ≤ 0.01). The single best regression model component for relative CMVJ was the relative depth jump performance, explaining 84% of performance. The single best predictor for relative SPJ was also the relative depth jump performance (72% of performance), with the three-component models of relative depth jump, relative CMVJ, spike jump contribution (percent difference between SPJ and CMVJ), and relative CMVJ, spike jump contribution, and peak force, accounting for 96% and 97%, respectively. The results of this study clearly demonstrate that in an elite population of volleyball players, stretch-shortening cycle performance and the ability to tolerate high stretch loads, as in the depth jump, is critical to performance in the jumps associated with volleyball performance.
Characterization of endothelium‐derived hyperpolarizing factor as a cytochrome P450‐derived arachidonic acid metabolite in mammals.

1. In addition to nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin (PGI2) an as yet unidentified endothelium‐derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) contributes to the dilator effect of bradykinin in different vascular beds. We have investigated the nature and mechanism of action of this factor in freshly isolated bovine and porcine coronary artery segments which were preconstricted with the thromboxane mimetic U46619 (9,11‐dideoxy‐11 alpha, 9 alpha‐epoxymethano‐prostaglandin F2 alpha, 10‐30 nM). 2. The concentration‐response curve of bradykinin was significantly shifted to the right after inhibition of NO synthesis with NG‐nitro‐L‐arginine (L‐NNA, 30 microM), whereas cyclo‐oxygenase blockade with diclofenac (1 microM) had no effect. Preconstriction of the segments with potassium chloride (40‐60 mM) completely abrogated the NO/PGI2‐independent dilator response to bradykinin. In sandwich bioassay experiments, both the luminal and abluminal release of NO, but not that of EDHF, was readily detectable. 3. Inhibitors of Ca(2+)‐activated K+ channels (K+Ca), such as apamin (1 microM) and tetrabutylammonium (TBA, 3 mM), strongly attenuated the EDHF‐mediated bradykinin‐induced relaxation, while glibenclamide (3 microM), an inhibitor of K+ATP channels, had no effect. 4. These relaxations were also significantly inhibited by the phospholipase A2 inhibitor, quinacrine (30 microM), and the cytochrome P450 inhibitors, SKF525a (30‐100 microM) and clotrimazole (100 microM). Moreover, incubation of endothelium‐denuded coronary artery rings with a cytochrome P450‐derived arachidonic acid metabolite, 11,12‐epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid, elicited a concentration‐dependent (1‐10 microM) dilatation which was abolished both in the presence of TBA (3 mM) and following preconstriction of the segments with potassium chloride instead of U46619. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ant colony optimization variants in image edge detection

Edges in an image are the curves consisting of pixels wherein both side contains pixels with non-uniform intensity. Edge detection is a part of low level image processing, much needed in various fields. Though edge detection can be done by various derivative techniques but it can also be detected well using meta-heuristic approximation algorithms. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is such a meta-heuristic technique to solve it. In basic ACO which comprises five phases: Initialization, Construction, Updation, Decision and Visualization, we have proposed and implemented total eight variations in this paper by modifying initialization and construction phase. In the initialization phase we have given a constraint in one variant that ants will be initialized near to edge to eliminate useless construction steps and unwanted edge detection where the other variant is without this constraint which may generate unnecessary edges in the resulting image. We have taken other two variations in selecting the next pixel in the construction phase: in one Greedy method is used, in another Roulette wheel selection method is used. Apart from these, in this phase two more variations have been done depending on memory size of ants i.e. applying tabu list memory of ants and ants without memory. Hence on the basis of two types of selection method used, two types of memory size of ants and two types of initialization phase, we have implemented eight variations individually in this paper. We observe that the variant, with roulette wheel selection, incorporated with the tabu list memory of ants, and with the new initialization condition outperforms others.
Variant path types for scalable extensibility

Much recent work in the design of object-oriented programming languages has been focusing on identifying suitable features to support so-called scalable extensibility, where the usual extension mechanism by inheritance works in different scales of software components-that is, classes, groups of classes, groups of groups and so on. Its typing issues has usually been addressed by means of dependent type systems, where nested types are seen as properties of objects. In this work, we seek instead for a different solution, which can bemore easily applied to Java-like languages, in which nested types are considered properties of classe. We introduce the mechanism of variant path types, which provide a flexible means to express intra-group relationship (among classes) that has to be preserved through extension. In particular, improving and extending existing works on groups and exact types, we feature the new notions of exact and inexact qualifications, providing rich abstractions to express various kinds of set of objects, with a flexible subtyping scheme. We formalize a safe type system for variant path types on top of Feather weight Java. Our development results in a complete solution for scalable extensibility, similarly to previous attempts based on dependent type systems.
Effect of animal age and chronicity of interleukin‐1 exposure on cartilage proteoglycan depletion in vivo

Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are characterized by an early depletion of cartilage proteoglycans, which leads to a decrease in cartilage compressibility and, eventually, to a loss of joint function. Interleukin‐1, which is thought to have a role in mediating this loss of proteoglycans in arthritis, induces an acute depletion of proteoglycans from articular cartilage following intra‐articular injection in rabbits. As the structure and metabolism of proteoglycans are known to change with age, my laboratory investigated the effect of age on depletion and recovery of proteoglycans in response to interleukin‐1 in the rabbit. Loss of cartilage proteoglycans induced by interleukin‐1 was less servere in immature animals, increased until the age of sexual maturity, and then remained constant. The rate of recovery and compensatory overshoot in the rate of proteoglycan synthesis following challenge with interleukin‐1 was more rapid in immature animals and may have been responsible for the quicker return of the cartilage proteoglycan content to control levels in younger animals. With multiple exposures to interleukin‐1 at time intervals too short for recovery to occur, smaller amounts of interleukin‐1 induced loss of proteoglycans, and the proteoglycan content and the rate of synthesis remained depressed longer after treatment had stopped. The decreased ability of mature cartilage to replace proteoglycans rapidly after exposure to cytokines would increase the probability of subsequent inflammatory episodes before recovery is complete; this may result in increased susceptibility of adult cartilage to proteoglycan depletion.
Effect of marbling degree on beef palatability in Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle.

This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between marbling score and breed-type (Bos taurus vs < or = 1/4 Bos indicus) on palatability of cooked beef. One thousand six hundred sixty-seven steers and heifers (1,337 Bos taurus and 330 Bos indicus x Bos taurus crosses) that had been managed and fed alike were used. Shear force and tenderness rating indicated that meat from Bos indicus cattle was less tender (P < .05) than meat from Bos taurus cattle, regardless of marbling score. Meat from Bos indicus cattle decreased (P < .05) in shear force as marbling increased from Traces to Small. Meat from Bos taurus cattle also decreased (P < .05) in shear force as marbling increased from Traces to Small, but Small was not different (P > .05) from Modest or Moderate marbling. In addition, variation in shear force was lower (P < .05) in meat from Bos taurus cattle and tended to decrease as marbling increased. Meat with Modest and Moderate marbling from Bos taurus cattle was more juicy (P < .05) than meat with Traces or Slight marbling. Beef flavor intensity rating was not affected (P > .05) by marbling score in either Bos taurus or Bos indicus cattle. Percentage yield of retail product decreased (P < .05) as marbling score increased but was not related (P > .05) to shear force or tenderness rating. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Correlation Between Ankle-Dorsiflexion and Hip-Flexion Range of Motion and the Functional Movement Screen Hurdle-Step Score.

CONTEXT Functional movement screening (FMS) has been gaining popularity in the fields of sports medicine and performance. Currently, limited research has examined whether FMS screening that identifies low FMS scores is attributed primarily to limits in range of motion (ROM). OBJECTIVE To compare scores from the FMS hurdle-step movement with ROM measurements for ankle dorsiflexion and hip flexion (HF). DESIGN Correlational research design. SETTING Sports medicine research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS 20 healthy active male (age 21.2 ± 2.4 y, weight 77.8 ± 10.2 kg, height 180.8 ± 6.8 cm) and 20 healthy active female (21.3 ± 2.0 y, 67.3 ± 8.9 kg, 167.4 ± 6.6 cm) volunteers. INTERVENTION All 40 participants completed 3 trials of the hurdle-step exercise bilaterally and goniometric ROM measurements for active ankle dorsiflexion and HF. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Correlations were determined between ROM and FMS scores for right and left legs. In addition, mean data were compared between FMS scores, gender, and dominant and nondominant limbs. RESULTS There were no significant correlations present when all participants were grouped. However, when separated by gender significant correlations were identified. There was a weak correlation with HF and both hurdle-step (HS) and average hurdle-step (AHS) scores on both left (r = .536, P = .015 and r = .512, P = .012) and right (r = .445, P = .049 and r = .565, P = .009) legs for women. For men, there was a poor negative correlation of HF and both HS and AHS on the left leg (r = -.452, P = .045 and r = .451, P = .046). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that although hip and ankle ROMs do not have a strong relationship with FMS hurdle-step scores, they are a contributing factor. More research should be conducted to identify other biomechanical factors that contribute to individual FMS test scores.
Local field potential measurement with low-power analog integrated circuit

Local field potentials (LFPs) in the brain are an important source of information for basic research and clinical (i.e., neuroprosthetic) applications. The energy contained in certain bands of LFPs in the 10-100 Hz range has been shown to correlate with specific arm movement parameters in nonhuman primates. In the near future, implantable devices will need to transmit neural information from hundreds of microelectrodes, and transcutaneous data transfer will become a significant bottleneck. Here we present a low-power, fully-integrated circuit that performs on-site data reduction by isolating LFPs and measuring their signal energy. The resulting analog VLSI circuit consumes 586 /spl mu/m /spl times/ 79 /spl mu/m of silicon area and dissipates only 5 nanowatts of power. We show that the chip performs similarly to state-of-the-art signal processing algorithms.
2016 Ieee International Conference on Big Data (big Data) Reverse Engineering Smart Card Malware Using Side Channel Analysis with Machine Learning Techniques

— From inception, side channel leakage has been widely used for the purposes of extracting secret information, such as cryptographic keys, from embedded devices. However, in a few instances it has been utilized for extracting other information about the internal state of a computing device. In this paper, we exploit side channel information to recover large parts of the Sykipot malware program executed on a smart card. We present the first methodology to recover the program code of a smart card malware by evaluating its power consumption only. Besides well-studied methods from side channel analysis, we apply a combination of dimensionality reduction techniques in the form of PCA and LDA models to compress the large amount of data generated while preserving as much variance of the original data as possible. Among feature extraction techniques, PCA and LDA are very common dimensionality reduction algorithms that have successfully been applied in many classification problems like face recognition, character recognition, speech recognition, etc. with the chief objective being to eliminate insignificant data (without losing too much information) during the pre-processing step. In addition to quantifying the potential of the created side channel based disassembler, we highlight its diverse and unique application scenarios.
Occupational therapy for patients with problems in personal activities of daily living after stroke: systematic review of randomised trials

Objective To determine whether occupational therapy focused specifically on personal activities of daily living improves recovery for patients after stroke. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources The Cochrane stroke group trials register, the Cochrane central register of controlled trials, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycLIT, AMED, Wilson Social Sciences Abstracts, Science Citation Index, Social Science Citation, Arts and Humanities Citation Index, Dissertations Abstracts register, Occupational Therapy Research Index, scanning reference lists, personal communication with authors, and hand searching. Review methods Trials were included if they evaluated the effect of occupational therapy focused on practice of personal activities of daily living or where performance in such activities was the target of the occupational therapy intervention in a stroke population. Original data were sought from trialists. Two reviewers independently reviewed each trial for methodological quality. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Results Nine randomised controlled trials including 1258 participants met the inclusion criteria. Occupational therapy delivered to patients after stroke and targeted towards personal activities of daily living increased performance scores (standardised mean difference 0.18, 95% confidence interval 0.04 to 0.32, P=0.01) and reduced the risk of poor outcome (death, deterioration or dependency in personal activities of daily living) (odds ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.51 to 0.87, P=0.003). For every 100 people who received occupational therapy focused on personal activities of daily living, 11 (95% confidence interval 7 to 30) would be spared a poor outcome. Conclusions Occupational therapy focused on improving personal activities of daily living after stroke can improve performance and reduce the risk of deterioration in these abilities. Focused occupational therapy should be available to everyone who has had a stroke.
Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Protein in SARS Patients by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

ABSTRACT We report the development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV) nucleocapsid protein. The assay was carried out with hyperimmune polyclonal nucleocapsid-specific antibodies from guinea pigs and rabbits immunized with recombinant His6-tagged SARS CoV nucleocapsid protein. The assay was used for the detection of SARS CoV nucleocapsid protein in nasopharyngeal aspirate, urine, and fecal samples collected from patients with confirmed SARS between days 2 and 33 after the onset of illness. The ELISA was capable of detecting this protein in SARS CoV cell culture lysates at 15 50% tissue culture infective doses/ml but did not produce positive signals when tested with cell culture lysates of human coronaviruses OC43 and 229E. When tested with 120 nasopharyngeal aspirate, 100 urine, and 100 fecal specimens from hospitalized patients without SARS, the assay was shown to have high specificities—96.7, 99, and 96%, respectively. In an evaluation of clinical specimens from SARS patients, 34 (52%) of 66 nasopharyngeal aspirate samples from 50 patients, 5 (5%) of 94 urine samples from 94 patients, and 36 (55%) of 65 fecal samples from 65 patients tested positive for SARS CoV nucleocapsid protein. Nucleocapsid protein could be detected from days 6 to 24 in nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens, from days 11 to 31 in urine specimens, and from days 8 to 32 in fecal specimens after the onset of illness. Moreover, the protein could be detected in 25 (83%) of 30 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens obtained from days 11 to 15 and in all 7 fecal specimens obtained from days 21 to 32. Since the present ELISA is more convenient and economical than reverse transcription-PCR, it may serve as an alternative tool for the early diagnosis of SARS CoV infection in laboratories with limited resources and expertise and for mass screening for the reservoir of SARS CoV. Further studies on serial clinical specimens should reveal the duration of nucleocapsid protein shedding and may reveal a higher detection rate in SARS patients.
Health behaviours of community-treated patients with psychosis

Objective: To assess physical health self-reports and health utilization behaviours of community dwelling persons with persistent psychosis. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted of 106 patients with persistent psychosis. Using self-reported measures, the prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption and exercise, and body mass index were determined. Health utilization behaviour, especially with respect to general practice, was assessed. Data was compared with that derived from the general population and longitudinally with a historical cohort. Results: Compared with the general population, those with psychosis were more likely to be smokers, overweight or obese, and less likely to be non/ex-smokers. Compared with previous studies, smoking and obesity persisted as major modifiable risk factors. Over 7 years, some risks such as smoking increased, whereas moderating factors such as light exercise, improved. Three-quarters of patients would visit their GP if they had a physical illness but a third reported not having visited their GP or other doctor in the previous 12 months. Conclusions: Patients with persistent psychosis have increased rates of cardiometabolic risk yet seek medical attention infrequently. These findings have not improved despite an increased awareness of the enhanced risk of developing metabolic disease in this group.
Acupuncture and related interventions for smoking cessation.

BACKGROUND Acupuncture and related techniques are promoted as a treatment for smoking cessation in the belief that they may reduce nicotine withdrawal symptoms. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this review are to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture and the related interventions of acupressure, laser therapy and electrostimulation in smoking cessation, in comparison with no intervention, sham treatment, or other interventions. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group specialized register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS Previews, PsycINFO, Science Citation Index, AMED, Acubriefs in November 2010; and four Chinese databases: Chinese Biomedical Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data and VIP in November 2010. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized trials comparing a form of acupuncture, acupressure, laser therapy or electrostimulation with either no intervention, sham treatment or another intervention for smoking cessation. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We extracted data in duplicate on the type of smokers recruited, the nature of the intervention and control procedures, the outcome measures, method of randomization, and completeness of follow up.We assessed abstinence from smoking at the earliest time-point (before six weeks), and at the last measurement point between six months and one year. We used the most rigorous definition of abstinence for each trial, and biochemically validated rates if available. Those lost to follow up were counted as continuing smokers. Where appropriate, we performed meta-analysis using a fixed-effect model. MAIN RESULTS We included 33 reports of studies. Compared with sham acupuncture, the fixed-effect risk ratio (RR) for the short-term effect of acupuncture was 1.18 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.34), and for the long-term effect was 1.05 (CI 0.82 to 1.35). The studies were not judged to be free from bias. Acupuncture was less effective than nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). There was no evidence that acupuncture is superior to waiting list, nor to psychological interventions in short- or long-term. The evidence on acupressure and laser stimulation was insufficient and could not be combined. The evidence suggested that electrostimulation is not superior to sham electrostimulation. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is no consistent, bias-free evidence that acupuncture, acupressure, laser therapy or electrostimulation are effective for smoking cessation, but lack of evidence and methodological problems mean that no firm conclusions can be drawn. Further, well designed research into acupuncture, acupressure and laser stimulation is justified since these are popular interventions and safe when correctly applied, though these interventions alone are likely to be less effective than evidence-based interventions.
IBM Storage Tank - A heterogeneous scalable SAN file system

As the amount of data being stored in the open systems environment continues to grow, new paradigms for the attachment and management of data and the underlying storage of the data are emerging. One of the emerging technologies in this area is the storage area network (SAN). Using a SAN to connect large amounts of storage to large numbers of computers gives us the potential for new approaches to accessing, sharing, and managing our data and storage. However, existing operating systems and file systems are not built to exploit these new capabilities. IBM Storage Tankâ? ¢ is a SAN-based distributed file system and storage management solution that enables many of the promises of SANs, including shared heterogeneous file access, centralized management, and enterprise-wide scalability. In addition, Storage Tank borrows policy-based storage and data management concepts from mainframe computers and makes them available in the open systems environment. This paper explores the goals of the Storage Tank project, the architecture used to achieve these goals, and the current and future plans for the technology.