Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of knowledge sharing and technological innovation capabilities on competitive advantage on MSME’s culinary sector

This research aims to examine and analyze the results of knowledge sharing and technological innovation capabilities on competitive advantage. This research’s focus is on the MSMEs in the culinary industry in Makassar city. The approach to sampling in this study was a purposive sampling method, whereas the data collection technique used was a questionnaire. The examination of the data was conducted using path analysis. Results show that knowledge sharing has an impact on technological innovation capabilities, knowledge sharing has an effect on competitive advantage, technological innovation capabilities have an effect on competitive advantage, and knowledge sharing has an effect on competitive advantage through technological innovation capabilities. In terms of their relation to technological innovation capabilities, MSMEs in the culinary sector in the city of Makassar have their own challenges in managing their businesses. Companies have limitations in implementing the use of technology, especially MSMEs that are micro in nature and are still pioneering. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that 1) knowledge sharing has an effect on technological innovation capabilities in culinary sector MSMEs in Makassar city; 2) knowledge sharing has an effect on competitive advantage in culinary sector MSMEs in Makassar city; 3) technological innovation capabilities shape the competitive advantage in the culinary sector MSMEs in the city of Makassar; and 4) knowledge sharing has an effect on competitive advantage through technological innovation capabilities in the culinary sector Makassar city’s MSMEs, which shows that the higher the knowledge sharing, the higher the competitive advantage through technological innovation capabilities.
Specific Distribution of GJB2 Mutations in Kurdistan Province of Iran; Report of a Relatively Isolated Population

Hearing Loss (HL) represents high genetic heterogeneity with an incidence of almost 1 out of 500 newborns in most populations. Approximately half of the cases have a genetic basis that most of them are autosomal recessive non-syndromic (ARNSHL) with DFNB1-related defect in many worldwide populations. Given the heterogeneity of the trait together with the unique infrastructure of Iranian population, made it necessary to study other loci than GJB2 in various ethnic groups in order to elucidate the genetic etiology of HL in Iran. The present study was designed to determine the contribution of four DFNB loci in Kurdistan Province, west Iran. In this connection, we performed GJB2 analysis and homozygosity mapping using STR markers covering the DFNB21, DFNB4 and DFNB7/11 loci in 20 pedigrees with ARNSHL. GJB2 mutations were the cause of HL in 20% of the patients. However, surprisingly, we only observed 35delG and IVS1+1G>A mutation among the study population. We also did not find any family linked to DFNB21, DFNB4 and DFNB7/11. Our results indicate the contribution of other loci in etiology of HL in Kurdistan that needs to be carefully investigated.
Super-resolved critical dimensions in far-field I-line photolithography

Abstract. Background: Resolution enhancement combined with multiple patterning enables photolithography to write patterns with both feature size and spacing below the diffraction limit. Continued resolution enhancement at i-line will enable an older generation of lithographic tools to reach resolutions typically achieved using deep UV (DUV). Aim: A demonstration and deterministic model of large critical dimension enhancement at i-line. In addition to enhanced resolution, the technique must also achieve high repeatability and low line edge roughness (LER), while using commercial resists. Approach: Overexposing photoresist with high-contrast interference nulls leads to subwavelength critical dimensions. Starting with a theoretical analysis of the technique, we consider limits imposed by optics, linewidth scaling rates, and LER. This analysis shows that low LER and deterministic linewidth control are both readily achievable. Results: We demonstrate large area, i-line patterning of features with 50-nm linewidth, without the aid of subsequent trim or etch and with LER of 5 nm. Linewidth is shown to scale with dose as predicted from the optical model, independent of photoresist. Conclusions: These dimensions are similar to what may be achieved using scanning near-field, DUV, or e-beam lithography, yet achieved with far-field near UV exposures over a large area. Deterministic linewidth control and low LER make this process viable for fabrication at length scales well below those typically achieved with i-line tools.
Aridity over a semiarid zone in northern China and responses to the East Asian summer monsoon

In this study, the variability of the aridity over a semiarid zone in Northern China from 1961 to 2013 and its association with the northernmost margin of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and its intensity were investigated using composite analysis, correlative analysis, and unrotated and rotated empirical orthogonal function analyses. The results indicate that a nonsignificant drying trend (0.03/10 years) occurs over the entire eastern semiarid zone, accompanied by a southward retreat in the northernmost margin of the EASM (0.24°/10 years), and that drying (0.11/10 years) and southward retreat (0.28°/10 years) are most obvious on the Loess Plateau. The response of the annual variation of aridity to changes in the northernmost margin of the EASM is also compared with its responses to changes in the intensity of the EASM; the results indicate that it is more related to the former, especially over the Loess Plateau. Furthermore, an abnormal aridity event is likely to occur over the Loess Plateau in a year when the EASM margin advances to its northernmost latitude abnormally ahead of time and retreats abnormally ahead of time compared to the mean state.
Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Polski w latach 2010–2016 w świetle prostego modelu importu netto

Zagadnienia związane z rynkiem energii są istotnym elementem polityki gospodarczej każdego kraju. Jednym z nich jest kwestia bezpieczeństwa energetycznego. Studia literaturowe wskazują na bogactwo wysiłków definiujących to zjawisko. Przedmiotem szczególnej analizy w tekście jest jego klasyczne ujęcie, w którego centrum zainteresowania znajdują się szoki cenowe na rynkach paliw. Z powodu silnego uzależnienia Polski od importowanych paliw (ropy naftowej i gazu ziemnego) zasadne wydaje się podjęcie badania, którego celem byłoby określenie wpływu zmian cen importowanych surowców na PKB. Analiza obejmuje lata 2010–2016, a w badaniu korzysta się z prostego modelu importu netto autorstwa Banku Światowego. Przeprowadzona analiza pokazuje, że każdy okres wzrostu cen energii na rynkach międzynarodowych wiązał się z pogorszeniem terms of trade (towarowych), zaś spadek – z ich poprawą. Dlatego spadek terms of trade dla Polski w latach 2010–2014 przełożył się na spadek PKB o 0,1–0,2%.
Application of the concept of Parity-Time symmetry to integrated optics

The development of photonics during the pastdecades, enabled by the advent of nanofabricationtechnologies, witnessed the appearance of new types ofartificial materials such as photonic crystals,metamaterials, plasmonic circuits, and more recently the socalled “PT symmetry” structures. The characteristic featureof this new type of artificial structures is that though theyare described by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians theireigenvalues can still be real. In optics, several physicalphenomena are known to obey equations that are formallyequivalent to that of Hamiltonians in quantum mechanics.During this work, we investigated the design, fabricationand characterization of complex-coupled DFB lasers, withthe intent to apply Parity-Time (PT) symmetry to apractical device. The mode selectivity inside the cavity isbrought by the combination of a gain-coupled and indexcoupledBragg grating, under the form of respectively acorrugated waveguide and a metallic absorbing surfacegrating.Through the simulation of the mode evolution insideconventional DFB lasers and complexe-coupled DFBlasers using Ables matrix method, the advantages ofefficient mode filtering while keeping a low thresholdcurrent was observed. The specific phase shift of a quarterperiod, matching the PT-symmetric configuration, is foundto show highly asymmetric mode selection, with unidirectionalamplification in reflection.Index, gain and complex-coupled DFB lasers with differentphase shifts between loss and index grating profiles werefabricated, using photonics integrated circuits fabricationbuilding blocks: electron beam lithography and inducedcoupled plasma dry etching to name but a few.The characterization of the fabricated lasers shows areduction in threshold compared to equivalent third ordergain-coupled DFB lasers, and improved monomodeoperation and yield compared to third order index-coupledDFB lasers.Real and imaginary parts of the index modulation as wellas reflection spectral response was investigated by externaloptical probing of the laser cavities.The resistance of the CC DFB lasers to external opticalfeedback was studied. If results show an apparentcorrelation between the gratings phase shift and thefeedback resistance, but no significant improvement wasfound with regards to IC DFB lasers.This first milestone on the application of PT-symmetry tothe design and fabrication of DFB lasers provide interestingprospects on the improvement of existing technologies.This work reinforces the interest of this concept for thedesign of feedback tolerant DFB lasers, and theirintegration in an all PT-symmetric laser-modulator system.
Airborne observations of bioaerosol over the Southeast United States using a Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor

Biological aerosols represent a diverse subset of particulate matter that is emitted directly to the atmosphere in the form of (but not limited to) bacteria, fungal spores, pollens, viruses, and plant debris. These particles can have local air quality implications, but potentially play a larger climate role by acting as efficient ice nucleating particles (INPs) and cloud condensation nuclei. We have deployed a Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor on the NASA DC‐8 aircraft to (1) quantify boundary layer (BL) variability of fluorescent biological aerosol particle (FBAP) concentrations in the Southeast United States (SEUS), (2) link this variability explicitly to land cover heterogeneity in the region, and (3) examine the vertical profile of bioaerosols in the context of convective vertical redistribution. Flight‐averaged FBAP concentrations ranged between 0.1 and 0.43 scm−3 (cm−3 at standard temperature and pressure) with relatively homogeneous concentrations throughout the region; croplands showed the highest concentrations in the BL (0.37 scm−3), and lowest concentrations were associated with evergreen forests (0.24 scm−3). Observed FBAP concentrations are in generally good agreement with model parameterized emission rates for bacteria, and discrepancies are likely the result of fungal spore contributions. Shallow convection in the region is shown to be a relatively efficient lofting mechanism as the vertical transport efficiency of FBAP is at least equal to black carbon aerosol, suggesting that ground‐level FBAP survives transport into the free troposphere to be available for INP activation. Comparison of the fraction of coarse‐mode particles that were biological (fFBAP) suggested that the SEUS (fFBAP = 8.5%) was a much stronger source of bioaerosols than long‐range transport during a Saharan Air Layer (SAL) dust event (fFBAP = 0.17%) or summertime marine emissions in the Gulf of Mexico (fFBAP = 0.73%).
Stratification Prediction and Bottom Boundary Layer Dynamics over the Texas-Louisiana Continental Shelf

The bottom boundary layer is an unstratified thin layer above the sea floor, separated from the more strongly stratified interior. Formation of a thin bottom boundary layer in the presence of stratification and a sloping bottom is common, and well characterized by theory. This thin layer is an important source of mixing over the continental shelf, and it plays a fundamental role in several continental shelf physical and biogeochemical processes, such as buoyancy advection, bottom material transport and hypoxia formation. In this research, Both observations and numerical models are used to study models’ ability of reproducing observed stratification and bottom boundary layer dynamics over the Texas-Louisiana shelf. Simulated vertical stratification, which is also representing the vertical density structure, was first evaluated since it directly controls the bottom boundary layer structure itself and is important for other bottom boundary layer dynamics. A new metric, the histogram of vertical stratification, is introduced in this research to evaluate the models’ ability of reproducing observed stratification in a bulk sense. The improvement in model performance is attributed to the finer horizontal and temporal resolutions of a model, while factors like open boundary conditions and vertical resolutions are modified without any improvement in the ability of the model to simulate observed stratification. Towed, undulating CTD profiles collected during Mechanisms Controlling Hypoxia (MCH) program also detected mid-water oxygen minima in many transects. These intrusions are connected with the bottom boundary layer and follows the pycnocline seaward as a mid-water column tongue of low oxygen. We calculate convergence within the bottom boundary layer relative to density surfaces using the simulated results; there is
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAGA UNIT PENGOLAHAN DAN PEMASARAN BAHAN OLAH KARET DI SUMATRA SELATAN

Keberadaan Unit Pengolahan dan Pemasaran Bahan olah karet rakyat (UPPB) di wilayah sentra produksi karet rakyat akan sangat mendukung peningkatan mutu bahan olah karet rakyat (bokar) di tingkat petani dan memberikan posisi tawar harga yang tinggi kepada petani. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi respons petani karet terhadap empat komponen lembaga (sistem norma, personel, peralatan fisik, dan kelakuan berpola), mengetahui komponen kelembagaan yang memengaruhi pelembagaan sistem norma UPPB, dan menganalisis dinamika kelembagaan terkait perkembangan UPPB di kalangan petani karet. Kajian ini menggunakan paradigma konstruktivisme untuk mengungkap realitas sosial masyarakat yang diteliti. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi kegiatan UPPB, wawancara mendalam dengan petani karet rakyat dan para stakeholder dengan cara purposive sampling, diskusi terfokus, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengolahan data kualitatif, triangulasi, dan analisis induktif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa petani karet tidak memberikan respons positif terhadap keberadaan UPPB, komponen personel lebih berpengaruh terhadap respons pelembagaan, dan pengembangan UPPB mengalami kegagalan. Pengembangan UPPB membutuhkan komitmen para pihak untuk menjamin peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya petani karet dan stabilitas bagian harga tinggi yang diterima UPPB melalui kolaborasi pemangku kepentingan yang berkelanjutan.
Stress-induced translation of KCNB1 contributes to the enhanced synaptic transmission of the lateral habenula

The lateral habenula (LHb) is a well-established brain region involved in depressive disorders. Synaptic transmission of the LHb neurons is known to be enhanced by stress exposure; however, little is known about genetic modulators within the LHb that respond to stress. Using recently developed molecular profiling methods by phosphorylated ribosome capture, we obtained transcriptome profiles of stress responsive LHb neurons during acute physical stress. Among such genes, we found that KCNB1 (Kv2.1 channel), a delayed rectifier and voltage-gated potassium channel, exhibited increased expression following acute stress exposure. To determine the roles of KCNB1 on LHb neurons during stress, we injected short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against the kcnb1 gene to block its expression prior to stress exposure. We observed that the knockdown of KCNB1 altered the basal firing pattern of LHb neurons. Although KCNB1 blockade did not rescue despair-like behaviors in acute learned helplessness (aLH) animals, we found that KCNB1 knockdown prevented the enhancement of synaptic strength in LHb neuron after stress exposure. This study suggests that KCNB1 may contribute to shape stress responses by regulating basal firing patterns and neurotransmission intensity of LHb neurons.
Gestures as Scaffolding to Learn Vocabulary in a Foreign Language

This paper investigates the influence of gestures on foreign language (FL) vocabulary learning. In this work, we first address the state of the art in the field and then delve into the research conducted in our lab (three experiments already published) in order to finally offer a unified theoretical interpretation of the role of gestures in FL vocabulary learning. In Experiments 1 and 2, we examined the impact of gestures on noun and verb learning. The results revealed that participants exhibited better learning outcomes when FL words were accompanied by congruent gestures compared to those from the no-gesture condition. Conversely, when meaningless or incongruent gestures were presented alongside new FL words, gestures had a detrimental effect on the learning process. Secondly, we addressed the question of whether or not individuals need to physically perform the gestures themselves to observe the effects of gestures on vocabulary learning (Experiment 3). Results indicated that congruent gestures improved FL word recall when learners only observed the instructor’s gestures (“see” group) and when they mimicked them (“do” group). Importantly, the adverse effect associated with incongruent gestures was reduced in the “do” compared to that in the “see” experimental group. These findings suggest that iconic gestures can serve as an effective tool for learning vocabulary in an FL, particularly when the gestures align with the meaning of the words. Furthermore, the active performance of gestures helps counteract the negative effects associated with inconsistencies between gestures and word meanings. Consequently, if a choice must be made, an FL learning strategy in which learners acquire words while making gestures congruent with their meaning would be highly desirable.
An analytical linear two-dimensional actuator disc model and comparisons with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations

Abstract. The continuous up-scaling of wind turbines enabled by more lightweight and flexible blades in combination with coning has challenged the assumptions of a plane disc in the commonly used blade element momentum (BEM)-type aerodynamic codes for the design and analysis of wind turbines. The objective with the present work is thus to take a step back relative to the integral 1-dimensional (1-D) momentum theory solution in the BEM model in order to study the actuator disc (AD) flow in more detail. We present an analytical, linear solution for a two-dimensional (2-D) AD flow with one equation for the axial velocity and one for the lateral velocity, respectively. Although it is a 2-D model, we show in the paper that there is a good correlation with axis-symmetric and three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations on a circular disc. The 2-D model has thus the potential to form the basis for a simple and consistent rotor induction model. For a constant loading, the axial velocity distribution at the disc is uniform as in the case of the classical momentum theory for an AD. However, an important observation of the simulated flow field is that immediately downstream of the disc the axial velocity profiles change rapidly to a shape with increased induction towards the edges of the disc and less induction on the central part. This is typically what is seen at the disc in full non-linear CFD AD simulations, which is what we compare with in the paper. By a simple coordinate rotation the analytical solution is extended to a yawed disc with constant loading. Again, a comparison with CFD, now with a 3-D simulation on a circular disc in yaw, confirms a good performance of the analytical 2-D model for this more complicated flow. Finally, a further extension of the model to simulate a coned disc is obtained using a simple superposition of the solution of two yawed discs with opposite yaw angles and positioned so the two discs just touch each other. Now the validation of the model is performed with results from axis-symmetric CFD simulations of an AD with a coning of both 20 and −20∘. In particular, for the disc coned in the downwind direction there is a very good correlation between the simulated normal velocity to the disc, whereas some deviations are seen for the upwind coning. The promising correlation of the results for the 2-D model in comparison with 3-D simulations of a circular disc with CFD for complicated inflow like what occurs at yaw and coning indicates that the 2-D model could form the basis for a new, consistent rotor induction model. The model should be applied along diagonal lines on a rotor and coupled to an angular momentum model. This application is sketched in the outlook and is a subject for future research.
A Statistical Approach to Neutron Stars’ Crust–Core Transition Density and Pressure

In this paper, a regression model between neutron star crust–core pressure and the symmetry energy characteristics was estimated using the Akaike information criterion and the adjusted coefficient of determination Radj2. The most probable value of the transition density, which should characterize the crust–core environment of the sought physical neutron star model, was determined based on the obtained regression function. An anti-correlation was found between this transition density and the main characteristic of the symmetry energy, i.e., its slope L.
Using the SLEUTH urban growth model to simulate the impacts of future policy scenarios on land use in the Giza Governorate, Greater Cairo Metropolitan region

ABSTRACT The goal of this paper was to find an appropriate urban policy to preserve arable land that is being consumed by highly accelerated urban growth in the Giza Governorate of the Greater Cairo Metropolitan region for the last 50 years. We simulated three different urban policies and relevant growth scenarios for Giza from 2015 to 2035 by using the SLEUTH model to investigate their effects on arable lands. The first scenario used historical growth trends to simulate the persistent growth trends under existing conditions. The second was a compact growth scenario with robust restrictions on development in areas outside of designated growth centres. The third scenario considered officially planned growth that integrated stricter growth plans and stronger protections on lands with natural resources at a level that could be realistically accomplished with strong political commitments. The input data required by the model, including slope, land use, exclusion, and urban growth, transportation, and hill shade were derived from three Landsat satellite images from 1984, 2000, and 2013, according to supervised classifications. The simulation results found that the compact growth policy scenario had the least negative impact on arable lands, while the historical growth scenario had the worst impact.