Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Infantile-onset nystagmus

Purpose of review Recent studies on the various forms of infantile-onset nystagmus have advanced our understanding of these disorders. The previously described waveforms of infantile nystagmus syndrome (congenital nystagmus) may be identified in infants less than 7 months of age, including the more mature forms; the visual status of these patients may be directly correlated with their mean foveation times. Recent findings Refractive errors in patients with infantile nystagmus syndrome do not follow the expected trend toward emmetropization during infancy and early childhood. A study on the torsional component of nystagmus present in most patients with infantile nystagmus syndrome found it to be generated centrally and not by peripheral or mechanical dynamics. Two psychophysical studies on patients with infantile nystagmus syndrome revealed significant differences compared with control subjects. Two different animal models imply that lack of normal visual motion during a critical period of development in infancy leads to infantile nystagmus syndrome. An electron microscopic study of the enthesis site—where the extraocular muscle tendon inserts onto the sclera—in normal individuals versus patients with infantile nystagmus syndrome revealed significant abnormalities in the latter. Significant demographic and socioeconomic differences were reported between patients with infantile nystagmus syndrome and those with spasmus nutans. Summary New evidence supports a role for sympathomimetic modulation of infantile nystagmus syndrome. Novel surgical treatments for infantile nystagmus syndrome are also discussed.
Comedia: mobile group media for active spectatorship

Previous attempts to support spectators at large-scale events have concentrated separately on real-time event information, awareness cues, or media-sharing applications. CoMedia combines a group media space with event information and integrates reusable awareness elements throughout. In two field trials, one at a rally and the other at a music festival, we found that CoMedia facilitated onsite reporting to offsite members, coordination of group action, keeping up to date with others, spectating remotely, and joking. In these activities, media, awareness cues, and event information were often used in concert, albeit assuming differing roles. We show that the integrated approach better supports continuous interweaving of use with the changing interests and occurrences in large-scale events.
Verlinde bundles and generalized theta linear series

In this paper we approach the study of generalized theta linear series on moduli of vector bundles on curves via vector bundle techniques on abelian varieties. We study a naturally defined class of vector bundles on a Jacobian, called Verlinde bundles, in order to obtain information about duality between theta functions and effective global and normal generation on these moduli spaces.
Handling conflict at work The role of fit between subordinates' need for closure and supervisors' power tactics

Purpose – This research aims to explore the notion of fit between subordinates’ need for cognitive closure and supervisors’ power tactics on organizational conflict management. Design/methodology/approach – Two-hundred and ninety employees drawn from six different Italian organizations were recruited for the purpose of this study. Findings – Results indicated that high-need-for-closure subordinates utilized more constructive (solution-oriented) conflict management strategies when their supervisors relied on harsh power tactics, whereas low-need-for-closure subordinates were more inclined to use solution-oriented conflict management strategies when their supervisors relied on soft power tactics. Additionally, results indicated that, overall, supervisors’ use of harsh power tactics increased subordinates reliance on maladapted (control-oriented) conflict management strategies, but even more so for subordinates with low need for cognitive closure. Originality/value – This study highlights the importance of s.
Design of Fractional Order Controllers Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

An intelligent optimization method for designing fractional order PID (FOPID) controllers based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is presented in this paper. Fractional calculus can provide novel and higher performance extension for FOPID controllers. However, the difficulties of designing FOPID controllers increase, because FOPID controllers append derivative order and integral order in comparison with traditional PID controllers. To design the parameters of FOPID controllers, the enhanced PSO algorithm is adopted, which guarantee the particle position inside the defined search spaces. The optimization performance target is the weighted combination of ITAE and control input. The numerical realization of FOPID controllers uses the methods of Tustin operator and continued fraction expansion. Experimental results show the proposed method is highly effective
Analysis and Simulation of a Digital Mobile Channel Using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

This paper discusses the analysis and simulation of a technique for combating the effects of multipath propagation and cochannel interference on a narrow-band digital mobile channel. This system uses the discrete Fourier transform to orthogonally frequency multiplex many narrow subchannels, each signaling at a very low rate, into one high-rate channel. When this technique is used with pilot-based correction, the effects of flat Rayleigh fading can be reduced significantly. An improvement in signal-to-interference ratio of 6 dB can be obtained over the bursty Rayleigh channel. In addition, with each subchannel signaling at a low rate, this technique can provide added protection against delay spread. To enhance the behavior of the technique in a heavily frequency-selective environment, interpolated pilots are used. A frequency offset reference scheme is employed for the pilots to improve protection against cochannel interference.
Development of the ethmoidal structures of the endocranium in Discoglossus pictus (Anura: Discoglossidae)

We use histological techniques and computer‐aided three‐dimensional reconstructions made from serial histological sections to describe the ontogeny of the ethmoidal endocranium of discoglossid frog Discoglossus pictus. We identify a pattern of development for the suprarostral cartilage that differs from previous findings and probably represents the ancestral anuran pattern. The nasal cartilages, including the inferior prenasal cartilage, are de novo adult structures. The only larva‐derived structures of the adult nasal capsules are the posterior aspects of the solum nasi and septum nasi. We also identify patterns of development for the ethmoid plate and postnasal wall that occur during early in ontogenesis. These patterns are associated with development events during metamorphic climax. The pattern of timing of chondrification of the anterior nasal cartilages more closely coincides with that of the neobatrachian species than that recorded for the pelobatid frog Spea. In addition, this study supports a sister taxon relationship between Discoglossus and Alytes. J. Morphol. 271:1078‐1093, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The High Impact of Low Tech in Social Work

Drawing on actor-network theory, this paper challenges the traditional analytical separation of the socalled social and the so-called technical. First, observational data of an interactional event between a social worker and a client is introduced. Second, the techno-social heterogeneity of the event is elucidated through an analysis based on the concept of translation. Third, the precarious and temporary natures of the techno-social hybrids are discussed through the concept of performance. Finally, the techno-social is proposed as a new object for social science.
Functional interactions within 23S rRNA involving the peptidyltransferase center

A molecular genetic approach has been employed to investigate functional interactions within 23S rRNA. Each of the three base substitutions at guanine 2032 has been made. The 2032A mutation confers resistance to the antibiotics chloramphenicol and clindamycin, which interact with the 23S rRNA peptidyltransferase loop. All three base substitutions at position 2032 produce an erythromycin-hypersensitive phenotype. The 2032 substitutions were compared with and combined with a 12-bp deletion mutation in domain II and point mutations at positions 2057 and 2058 in the peptidyltransferase region of domain V that also confer antibiotic resistance. Both the domain II deletion and the 2057A mutation relieve the hypersensitive effect of the 2032A mutation, producing an erythromycin-resistant phenotype; in addition, the combination of the 2032A and 2057A mutations confers a higher level of chloramphenicol resistance than either mutation alone. 23S rRNAs containing mutations at position 2058 that confer clindamycin and erythromycin resistance become deleterious to cell growth when combined with the 2032A mutation and, additionally, confer hypersensitivity to erythromycin and sensitivity to clindamycin and chloramphenicol. Introduction of the domain II deletion into these double-mutation constructs gives rise to erythromycin resistance. The results are interpreted as indicating that position 2032 interacts with the peptidyltransferase loop and that there is a functional connection between domains II and V.
Reforming Science Education: Social Perspectives and Personal Reflections

The New Transformation of Science Education Science Education and the Emerging Ecological Society Science Education Policies for an Ecological Society - Aims and Goals The Restoration of Confidence in Science Education The Sisyphean Question in Science Education Science Education and the STS Theme Contemporary School Science - The Evolution of Teachers and Teaching Planet Earth in Crisis - How Should Science Educators Respond? The STS Theme in the Science Curriculum Leadership, Responsibility, and Reform in Science Education.
Determinants of Job Hopping Experience among Private and Public Sector Employees' Turnover Intention

This study investigated perceived organizational justice, job stress and job hopping as determinants of private and public employees' turnover intention in Lagos State, Nigeria. A total of two hundred respondents selected through convenience sampling technique were used for the study, these comprises 109 (54.5%) males and 91 (45.5%) female participants. These participants were drawn from public and private organizations in Lagos. The results revealed that perceive organizational justice; job stress and job hopping significantly jointly predict employees' turnover intention. Additionally, job stress, job hopping and distributive justice which is one of the dimensions of organizational independently significantly predict employees' turnover intention. There was significant difference in the turnover intention of private and public sector employees.
The consumable vice: caffeine, public health, and the law.

Among Americans' many consumable vices (e.g., illicit drugs, tobacco, alcohol, sugars, salt, high fat foods), caffeine represents a unique and popular ingredient that infiltrates multiple product lines, directly impacts individual and communal health (especially among children and adolescents), and yet enjoys relatively little regulation. ' Caffeine is pervasive in our beverages, foods, and medicines. Americans may find it difficult, even impossible, to completely eliminate caffeine from their diets. Caffeine is a natural ingredient in coffees, chocolates, and teas. It is intentionally added to products ranging from sodas, sports drinks, "high performance" dietary supplements, alcoholic beverages, headache medicines, and even drinking water. Routine, extensive ingestion of "America's favorite drug" reflects our societal acquiescence in addiction. A "caffeine high" is an innocent pleasure that millions undertake one or more times each day to stimulate their minds and bodies to perform at peak levels. Caffeine provides a daily, inexpensive boost of energy that makes life better for many Americans, regardless of their social class, ethnicity, or status.
Emotion matching and emotion regulation in infancy

As part of the longitudinal study First Steps, this thesis attempts to elaborate on our understanding of the development of emotion matching and emotion regulation in infancy. Emotion matching can be defined as the ability to accurately copy the same facial configuration of another with, or without, experiencing the associated internal emotional state. Using a peek-a-boo emotion elicitation paradigm, this thesis explores the age at which infants first match emotional expressions, and whether this ability is affected by valence of matched expressions, or infant age. Additional analysis explores whether emotion matching is related to other forms of early matching behaviour. Emotion regulation can be defined as the ability to modify affective experience. This thesis outlines an experimental procedure for assessing whether infants use spontaneous blinking and gaze aversion to self-regulate the intensity of emotional experience. Potential relationships between emotion regulation and temperament, as well as other forms of regulatory behaviour, are also explored. In addition, links between emotion regulation and emotion matching are investigated. Results demonstrated that from 3-months-old infants are able to match both happy and sad emotional expressions, but that emotion matching ability selectively declines with age. Furthermore, emotion matching was found not to be related to other forms of early matching behaviour. Results also identified spontaneous blinking and gaze aversion as self-regulation strategies utilised in early infancy. In addition, a relationship was identified between regulation ability and higher scores of temperament shyness. However, emotion regulation was found not to be linked to other forms of regulatory behaviour. Finally, a potential relationship was identified between emotion regulation ability early in infancy and infant ability to match happy expression later in life. These results are considered in relation to previous literature, examining the processes and theories behind emotion matching and emotion regulation.
EEG discharges on awakening: A marker of idiopathic generalized epilepsy

In a series of 24-hour ambulatory EEG recordings from 1,000 consecutive adult outpatients (44.5% with generalized and 55.5% with partial epilepsy, one recording per patient), the authors found only 46 (4.6%) activations of epileptiform discharges on awakening. All recordings came from patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy, predominantly with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and generalized tonic-clonic seizures on awakening. Multiple spike discharges that develop with an unusually delayed onset after arousal (more than 10 minutes) might help to discriminate juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.
How Do Real Options Come into Existence? A Step Toward an Option-Based Theory of the Firm

To be relevant to a firm a real option needs to fit into a theory of the firm explaining its existence, exercise conditions and value. We make a step toward an option based-theory of the firm by describing the emergence of a firm’s options and the strategic building of new competences for exercising these options. We explain the creation of a real option as an entrepreneurial process which transform inventive ideas into profitable innovation. The subsequent development of competence necessary to exercise the option gives boundaries, based on theories of the firm, for the often overoptimistic real option evaluation.
Werte schulischer Begabtenförderung. Begabungsbegriff und Werteorientierung

Dieses Heft fasst Beitrage aus dem Initialtreffen des Gadheimer Kreises "Begabungsbegriff und Wertorientierung" am 15. und 16. Oktober 2009 und ausgewahlte Texte zur Tagung "Begabung und Person " (2008) zusammen. [. ] Die Beitrage gliedern sich in drei grose Bereiche, die der anfanglichen Aufgabe einer Vergewisserung und Verstandigung uber die grundlegenden Themenkomplexe "Werte", "Person" und "Begabung" folgen. Um die Werte schulischer Begabtenforderung zu analysieren und zu reflektieren, haben [die Herausgeber] sich diesen Themengebieten zunachst an sich und sodann in denjenigen Zusammenhangen zugewendet, wie sie in den Bezugen des taglichen Handelns und in wissenschaftlichen Diskursen bestehen. Bei allen drei Themengebieten handelt es sich um Felder mit diffusem Sprachgebrauch und definitorischen Unscharfen, so dass hier zunachst die Erarbeitung von Grundlagen fur eine Verstandigung und eine weitere Konturierung der Fragestellung wichtig ist. Durch diese Vorarbeiten wird es moglich, in den kommenden Heften die spezifischen Schwerpunktsetzungen auf einzelne Wertezusammenhange (Leistung, Verantwortung, Tradition, Kreativitat) in den Blick zu nehmen. (DIPF/Orig.)
Tobacco control in developing countries

[][1] Eds Prabhat Jha, Frank Chaloupka Oxford University Press, £32.50, pp 489 ISBN 0 19 263246 9 Rating: ! [Graphic][2] ! [Graphic][3] ! [Graphic][4] In the past two decades the prevalence of smoking has risen in most low income and middle income countries, while it has declined in high income countries. Today, eight out of 10 of the world's 1.1 billion smokers live in low and middle income countries. It is therefore likely that the number of tobacco deaths will increase from four million to 10 million a year worldwide in the next 30 years. The vast majority … [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Influence of lean body mass on cardiopulmonary repercussions during the six-minute walk test in patients with COPD.

OBJECTIVE Although lean body mass (LBM) has been associated with mortality in patients with COPD, its influence on functional limitation is not clear. The objective of this study was to analyze the cardiopulmonary variables in COPD patients with or without LBM depletion, prior to and after the six-minute walk test (6MWT). METHODS We evaluated COPD patients, 32 with LBM depletion and 36 without. All patients underwent clinical evaluation, spirometry, evaluation of body mass composition and 6MWT, as well as completing questionnaires related to quality of life and perception of dyspnea. RESULTS No significant differences in the severity of airway obstruction, perception of dyspnea and quality of life scores were found between the groups. The distance covered on the 6MWT was similar in COPD patients with and without LBM depletion (470.3 +/- 68.5 m vs. 448.2 +/- 89.2 m). However, patients with LBM depletion presented significantly greater differences between baseline and final values in terms of heart rate and Borg scale index for lower limb fatigue. There was a significant positive correlation between distance covered on the 6MWT and FEV1 (r = 0.381, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS In the patients studied, functional exercise tolerance and quality of life were unaffected by LBM depletion. However, the patients with LBM depletion presented more pronounced lower limb fatigue during the 6MWT, which underscores the importance of the evaluation and treatment of systemic manifestations in COPD patients.
The Modified Graeb Score: An Enhanced Tool for Intraventricular Hemorrhage Measurement and Prediction of Functional Outcome

Background and Purpose— Simple and rapid measures of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) volume are lacking. We developed and validated a modification of the original Graeb scale to facilitate rapid assessment of IVH over time. Methods— We explored the relationship between the modified Graeb scale (mGS), original Graeb scale, measured IVH volume, and outcome using data from the Clot Lysis: Evaluating Accelerated Resolution of Hemorrhage with rtPA B (CLEAR B) study. We also explored its reliability. We then evaluated the relationship between mGS and outcome in a large sample of participants with IVH using data contained within the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive (VISTA). We defined outcome using the modified Rankin scale (>3 signifying poor outcome). Results— The CLEAR B study included 360 scans from 36 subjects. The mGS score and IVH volume were highly correlated (R = 0.80, P<0.0001, R2 0.65). Baseline mGS was predictive of poor outcome (area under receiving operating characteristic curve 0.74, 95% confidence interval, 0.57–0.91), whereas the original Graeb scale was not. The VISTA study included 399 participants. Each unit increase in the mGS led to a 12% increase in the odds of a poor outcome (odds ratio, 1.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.19). Measures of reliability (intra- and inter- reader) were good in both studies. Conclusions— The mGS, a semiquantitative scale for IVH volume measurement, is a reliable measure with prognostic validity suitable for rapid use in clinical practice and in research.
Lectins: Proteins with Diverse Applications

Lectins are proteins that bind to carbohydrates and sugar containing substances in a specific and reversible way or precipitate glycoconjugates. These heterogeneous class of carbohydrate-binding proteins or glycoproteins of non-immune origin are capable of specific recognition of, and reversible binding to, carbohydrates without altering their covalent structure. Lectins are found in a diversity of organisms and possess the ability to agglutinate erythrocytes with known carbohydrate specificity since they have at least one non-catalytic domain that binds reversibly to specific monosaccharides or oligosaccharides. This review aims to highlight the applications of lectins in various fields of biology. Lectins are isolated from their natural sources by chromatographic procedures with various modulations to increase their production. The yields of animal lectins are usually low compared with the yields of plant lectins such as legume lectins, which form a major source of these proteins. Lectins manifest a diversity of activities including anti-insect activities, antitumor, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory, which may find applications in many therapeutic areas. A small number of lectins demonstrate anti-parasitic activities.
Identification of Parallel Text Pairs Using Fingerprints

When creating dictionaries for use in for example crosslanguage search engines, one often uses a word alignment system that takes parallel or comparable text pairs as input and produces a word list. Multilingual web sites may contain parallel texts but these can be difficult to detect. In this article we describe an experiment on automatic identification of parallel text pairs. We utilize the frequency distribution of word initial letters in order to map a text in one language to a corresponding text in another in the JRC-Acquis corpus (European Council legal texts). Using English and Swedish as language pair, and running a ten-fold random pairing, the algorithm made 87 percent correct matches (baseline-random 50 percent). Attempting to map the correct text among nine randomly chosen false matches and one true yielded a success rate of 68 percent (baseline-random 10 percent).