Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) on Tool Wear, Surface Roughness and Dimensional Deviation in Turning AISI-4340 Steel

Normal 0 21 false false false TR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 In all machining processes, tool wear is a natural phenomenon and it leads to tool failure. The growing demands for high productivity of machining need use of high cutting velocity and feed rate. Such machining inherently produces high cutting temperature, which not only reduces tool life but also impairs the product quality. Metal cutting fluids changes the performance of machining operations because of their lubrication, cooling, and chip flushing functions but the use of cutting fluid has become more problematic in terms of both employee health and environmental pollution. The use of cutting fluid generally causes economy of tools and it becomes easier to keep tight tolerances and to maintain workpiece surface properties without damages. Due to these problems, some alternatives has been sought to minimize or even avoid the use of cutting fluid in machining operations. Some of these alternatives are dry machining and machining with minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). This paper deals with the experimental investigation on the role of MQL on cutting temperature, tool wear, surface roughness and dimensional deviation in turning of AISI-4340 steel at industrial speed-feed combinations by uncoated carbide insert. The encouraging results include significant reduction in tool wear rate, dimensional inaccuracy and surface roughness by MQL mainly through reduction in the cutting zone temperature and favorable change in the chip-tool and work-tool interaction. Key Words : MQL, tool wear, surface roughness and dimensional deviation
Drug, Healthcare and Patient Safety Dovepress Trigeminal Neuralgia: Successful Antiepileptic Drug Combination Therapy in Three Refractory Cases

Antiepileptic drug combination therapy remains an empirical second-line treatment approach in trigeminal neuralgia, after treatment with one antiepileptic drug or other nonantiepileptic drugs have failed. The results in three patients followed in our clinic are not sufficient to draw definitive conclusions, but suggest the possibility of developing this type of therapeutic approach further.
Play or science?: a study of learning and framing in crowdscience games

Crowdscience games may hold unique potentials as learning opportunities compared to games made for fun or education. They are part of an actual science problem solving process: By playing, players help scientists, and thereby interact with real continuous research processes. This mixes the two worlds of play and science in new ways. During usability testing we discovered that users of the crowdscience game Quantum Dreams tended to answer questions in game terms, even when directed explicitly to give science explanations.We then examined these competing frames of understanding through a mixed correlational and grounded theory analysis. This essay presents the core ideas of crowdscience games as learning opportunities, and reports how a group of players used "game", "science" and "conceptual" frames to interpret their experience. Our results suggest that oscillating between the frames instead of sticking to just one led to the largest number of correct science interpretations, as players could participate legitimately and autonomously at multiple levels of understanding.
Linear and neural models for classifying breast masses

Computational methods can be used to provide an initial screening or a second opinion in medical settings and may improve the sensitivity and specificity of diagnoses. In the current study, linear discriminant models and artificial neural networks are trained to detect breast cancer in suspicious masses using radiographic features and patient age. Results on 139 suspicious breast masses (79 malignant, 60 benign, biopsy proven) indicate that a significant probability of detecting malignancies can be achieved at the risk of a small percentage of false positives. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis favors the use of linear models, however, a new measure related to the area under the ROC curve (A/sub Z/) suggests a possible benefit from hybridizing linear and nonlinear classifiers.
A comparative study on Differential Evolution based routing implementations for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks have many applicable areas including environmental monitoring, medical care, and military surveillance. Energy awareness is an essential issue of data dissemination while designing routing protocols on these networks. Implementations of routing protocols based on optimization methods present energy efficient solutions. In this paper, we utilized the feature of simple and fast search mechanism of Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm to optimize energy consumption of clustering based routing protocols. A WSN routing implementation of DE is proposed and its performance is compared with the performance of other DE implementations.
A fibronectin self-assembly site involved in fibronectin matrix assembly: reconstruction in a synthetic peptide

The active form of fibronectin is its extracellular matrix form, which allows for the attachment of cells and influences both the growth and migration of cells. The matrix form is assembled by cells; however, many cells are defective in this regard. Several regions within fibronectin have been shown to play a role in matrix assembly by cells. One such region has been localized into the first type III repeat of fibronectin (Chernousov, M. A., F. J. Fogerty, V. E. Koteliansky, and D. F. Mosher. J. Biol. Chem. 266:10851-10858). We have identified this site as a fibronectin-fibronectin binding site and reproduced it as a synthetic peptide. This site is contained in a 14-kD fragment that corresponds to portions of the first two type III repeats. The 14-kD fragment was found to bind to cell monolayers and to inhibit fibronectin matrix assembly. The 14-kD fragment only slightly reduced the binding of fibronectin to cell surfaces but it significantly inhibited the subsequent incorporation of fibronectin into the extracellular matrix. The 14-kD fragment also bound to purified fibronectin and inhibited fibronectin-fibronectin binding. A synthetic 31-amino acid peptide (P1) representing a segment of the 14-kD fragment retained the ability to inhibit fibronectin-fibronectin binding. Peptide P1 specifically bound fibronectin from plasma in affinity chromatography, whereas a column containing another peptide from the 14- kD fragment did not. These results define a fibronectin-fibronectin binding site that appears to promote matrix assembly by allowing the assembly of fibronectin molecules into nascent fibrils. The 14-kD fragment and the P1 peptide that contain this site inhibit matrix assembly by competing for the fibronectin-fibronectin binding.
Cranial computed tomography use among children with minor blunt head trauma: association with race/ethnicity.

OBJECTIVE To determine if patient race/ethnicity is independently associated with cranial computed tomography (CT) use among children with minor blunt head trauma. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study. SETTING Pediatric research network of 25 North American emergency departments. PATIENTS In total, 42 412 children younger than 18 years were seen within 24 hours of minor blunt head trauma. Of these, 39 717 were of documented white non-Hispanic, black non-Hispanic, or Hispanic race/ethnicity. Using a previously validated clinical prediction rule, we classified each child's risk for clinically important traumatic brain injury to describe injury severity. Because no meaningful differences in cranial CT rates were observed between children of black non-Hispanic race/ethnicity vs Hispanic race/ethnicity, we combined these 2 groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Cranial CT use in the emergency department, stratified by race/ethnicity. RESULTS In total, 13 793 children (34.7%) underwent cranial CT. The odds of undergoing cranial CT among children with minor blunt head trauma who were at higher risk for clinically important traumatic brain injury did not differ by race/ethnicity. In adjusted analyses, children of black non-Hispanic or Hispanic race/ethnicity had lower odds of undergoing cranial CT among those who were at intermediate risk (odds ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78-0.96) or lowest risk (odds ratio, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.65-0.80) for clinically important traumatic brain injury. Regardless of risk for clinically important traumatic brain injury, parental anxiety and request was commonly cited by physicians as an important influence for ordering cranial CT in children of white non-Hispanic race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Disparities may arise from the overuse of cranial CT among patients of nonminority races/ethnicities. Further studies should focus on explaining how medically irrelevant factors, such as patient race/ethnicity, can affect physician decision making, resulting in exposure of children to unnecessary health care risks.
Lattice constants and anisotropic microstrain at low temperature in 242Pu–Ga alloys

We attempted to characterize by neutron powder diffraction the monoclinic α′ phase that is known to form at low temperatures in dilute Pu–Ga alloys. This attempt was unsuccessful, as we did not detect any transformation to the α′ phase, but instead observed a line-broadening effect in the fcc δ phase. This effect is large enough to be visible in the raw diffraction data and is highly anisotropic in crystal space. The onset temperature of the line broadening (150 K) coincides with previous observations of the δ–α′ transformation. Bulk α′ was not observed. We believe that the development of α′ nuclei creates a spatially inhomogeneous stress distribution in the δ matrix, which in turn exhibits an anisotropic response, governed by its elastic anisotropy. We have analysed this observation of anisotropic microstrains in terms of the fictive microstresses required to produce them by elastic deformation. During the course of this work, we found a pseudo-isotope effect in the room temperature lattice constants of Pu–Ga alloys. The alloys made from nominal 242Pu isotope show systematically higher lattice constants than the corresponding 239Pu alloys, and the size of the effect is proportional to the Ga concentration. We believe that this effect is associated with the higher levels of radiation damage from isotopic impurities in the 242Pu alloys.
Titanium Alloys with High Biological and Mechanical Biocompatibility

β-type titanium alloys composed of non-toxic and allergy-free elements with low modulus are getting much attention for biomedical applications. The author has developed Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr (TNTZ) where Nb, Ta, and Zr are non-toxic and allergy-free are elements showing low Young's modulus. Focusing on TNTZ, biological and mechanical biocompatibility including fatigue characteristics, fretting fatigue characteristics, and wear characteristics, functionalities such as super elastic and shape memory effect, and bioactive surface modification of low modulus titanium alloys with high biological and mechanical biocompatibility for biomedical applications are described.
Large-scale copy detection

The Web has enabled the availability of a vast amount of useful information in recent years. However, the web technologies that have enabled sources to share their information have also made it easy for sources to copy from each other and often publish without proper attribution. Understanding the copying relationships between sources has many benefits, including helping data providers protect their own rights, improving various aspects of data integration, and facilitating in-depth analysis of information flow. The importance of copy detection has led to a substantial amount of research in many disciplines of Computer Science, based on the type of information considered, such as text, images, videos, software code, and structured data. This tutorial explores the similarities and differences between the techniques proposed for copy detection across the different types of information. We also examine the computational challenges associated with large-scale copy detection, indicating how they could be detected efficiently, and identify a range of open problems for the community.
Efficient bit-serial multiplication and the discrete-time Wiener-Hopf equation over finite fields

Discrete-time Wiener-Hopf equations (DTWHEs) over finite fields are considered. It is shown that solving the DTWHE is equivalent to performing division over finite fields. The proof provides a new interpretation of the relationship between bit-serial multiplication and DTWHEs. The interpretation enables bit-serial multiplication over GF(2/sup m/) to be understood more easily. As an example, bit-serial multiplication methods for multiplying any two elements that can be done without performing any transformation, or with only a simple transformation of the bases, are presented. >
An Architecture With Pipelined Background Suppression and In-Situ Noise Cancelling for 2D/3D CMOS Image Sensor

We present a CMOS image sensor with integrated background suppression scheme for detecting small signals out of unwanted background signals. For the background suppression, differential signals with suppressed common-mode background signals are sampled within a short sub-sensing time in order to avoid the saturation from strong background signals. Analog differential signals are digitally accumulated multiple times in one integration time for high SNR. The column-parallel background suppression circuits are pipelined in order to achieve short sub-sensing time. Moreover, additional operations for the noise cancelling are merged with the background suppression and no extra timing for the noise cancelling is required during the sub-sensing time. In order to suppress stronger background signals, sensitivity can be adjusted to be decreased using in-pixel capacitors when strong background signals are present. The prototype image sensor with 1328 × 1008 pixel array has been fabricated with a 0.11 μm 1P4M CIS process. We have successfully captured images from the fabricated sensor chip with strong background signal over 10 klx scene illuminance without optical filters. The background-to-signal ratio is 32.1 dB.
Selective memory and memory deficits in depressed inpatients

We investigated memory impairment and mood‐congruent memory bias in depression, using an explicit memory test and an implicit one. Thirty‐six severely depressed inpatients that fulfilled DSM‐IV criteria for major depressive disorder and 36 healthy controls matched for sex, age, and educational level participated in the study. Explicit memory was assessed with a free recall task and implicit memory with an anagram solution task. Results showed that depressed and controls differed in explicit memory performance, depending on the amount of cognitive distraction between incidental learning and testing. Implicit memory was not affected. In addition, severely depressed patients showed a mood‐congruent memory bias in implicit memory but not in explicit memory. The complex pattern of results is discussed with regard to relevant theories of depression. Depression and Anxiety 17:197–206, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low Incidence of Ototoxicity With Continuous Infusion of Cisplatin in the Treatment of Pediatric Germ Cell Tumors

Cisplatin is an important chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of many pediatric malignancies, but its use is limited in part by ototoxicity. The authors' institution has been administering standard-dose cisplatin by continuous infusion rather than bolus administration in germ cell tumors. The authors retrospectively reviewed 39 patients with germ cell tumors requiring chemotherapy over the past 20 years and recorded data including demographics, cumulative cisplatin dose, degree of ototoxicity (by the Brock grading system), and disease outcome. The median age was 9.4 years and the majority of children (48.7%) had endodermal sinus tumor. Twenty-one children received 400 mg/m2 of cisplatin or more. One child had evidence of significant ototoxicity at last follow-up (6.64 years after diagnosis). This patient received a total cumulative dose of 500 mg/m2 of cisplatin. Eighty-two percent of children achieved clinical remission of their disease. The authors conclude that continuous administration of cisplatin is associated with minimal ototoxicity while maintaining good tumoricidal efficacy, and further studies using this regimen are warranted.
Effect of Severe Cold or Warm Deformation on Microstructure Evolution and Tensile Behavior of a 316L Stainless Steel

The deformation microstructures and mechanical properties of a 316L austenitic stainless steel subjected to large strain cold or warm plate rolling are studied. The cold or warm rolling was carried out at room temperature or 573 K, respectively, to different total true strains up to 3. The structural changes are characterized by the development of nanocrystalline structures with the transverse grain size of about 80 or 160 nm at room temperature or 573 K, respectively. The evolution of nanocrystalline structure under cold working conditions (room temperature) is assisted by the development of mechanical twinning and partial martensitic transformation that result in rapid grain refinement. The development of nanocrystalline structures during cold/warm working is accompanied by significant strengthening. The yield strength approaches 1 680 or 1 070 MPa after cold or warm rolling to a total strain of 3, respectively.
Therapeutic Impact of Leptin on Diabetes, Diabetic Complications, and Longevity in Insulin-Deficient Diabetic Mice

OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to evaluate the long-term effects of leptin on glucose metabolism, diabetes complications, and life span in an insulin-dependent diabetes model, the Akita mouse. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We cross-mated Akita mice with leptin-expressing transgenic (LepTg) mice to produce Akita mice with physiological hyperleptinemia (LepTg:Akita). Metabolic parameters were monitored for 10 months. Pair-fed studies and glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed. The pancreata and kidneys were analyzed histologically. The plasma levels and pancreatic contents of insulin and glucagon, the plasma levels of lipids and a marker of oxidative stress, and urinary albumin excretion were measured. Survival rates were calculated. RESULTS Akita mice began to exhibit severe hyperglycemia and hyperphagia as early as weaning. LepTg:Akita mice exhibited normoglycemia after an extended fast even at 10 months of age. The 6-h fasting blood glucose levels in LepTg:Akita mice remained about half the level of Akita mice throughout the study. Food intake in LepTg:Akita mice was suppressed to a level comparable to that in WT mice, but pair feeding did not affect blood glucose levels in Akita mice. LepTg:Akita mice maintained insulin hypersensitivity and displayed better glucose tolerance than did Akita mice throughout the follow-up. LepTg:Akita mice had normal levels of plasma glucagon, a marker of oxidative stress, and urinary albumin excretion rates. All of the LepTg:Akita mice survived for >12 months, the median mortality time of Akita mice. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that leptin is therapeutically useful in the long-term treatment of insulin-deficient diabetes.
Water Retention Curve and Particle Breakage of Aggregates Recycled from Demolition Waste

Abstract: CDW (construction and demolition wastes) present a high amount of aggregate chips covered with mortar. This results in high absorption of water with a direct impact in particle breakage or disaggregation. It is supposed that intra particle suction plays an important role in this phenomenon. However, WRCs (water retention curves) of CDW are not well understood. In this work, the WRCs of dynamically compacted specimens of aggregates recycled from the demolition of the National Stadium in Brasilia are studied. The objective of this study is to obtain WRCs of the recycled materials by using the pressure plate and filter paper methods. The breaking effect during compaction is quantified from the grain size distribution curves. The particle breakage during compaction increases when the energy is augmented. The results from the WRCs were incorporated into a pore size capillary model to predict pore size distribution. Key words: Construction and demolition wastes, water retention curve, particle breakage.
Sinorhizobium meliloti Sigma Factors RpoE1 and RpoE4 Are Activated in Stationary Phase in Response to Sulfite

Rhizobia are soil bacteria able to establish a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with legume plants. Both in soil and in planta, rhizobia spend non-growing periods resembling the stationary phase of in vitro-cultured bacteria. The primary objective of this work was to better characterize gene regulation in this biologically relevant growth stage in Sinorhizobium meliloti. By a tap-tag/mass spectrometry approach, we identified five sigma factors co-purifying with the RNA polymerase in stationary phase: the general stress response regulator RpoE2, the heat shock sigma factor RpoH2, and three extra-cytoplasmic function sigma factors (RpoE1, RpoE3 and RpoE4) belonging to the poorly characterized ECF26 subgroup. We then showed that RpoE1 and RpoE4 i) are activated upon metabolism of sulfite-generating compounds (thiosulfate and taurine), ii) display overlapping regulatory activities, iii) govern a dedicated sulfite response by controlling expression of the sulfite dehydrogenase SorT, iv) are activated in stationary phase, likely as a result of endogenous sulfite generation during bacterial growth. We showed that SorT is required for optimal growth of S. meliloti in the presence of sulfite, suggesting that the response governed by RpoE1 and RpoE4 may be advantageous for bacteria in stationary phase either by providing a sulfite detoxification function or by contributing to energy production through sulfite respiration. This paper therefore reports the first characterization of ECF26 sigma factors, the first description of sigma factors involved in control of sulphur metabolism, and the first indication that endogenous sulfite may act as a signal for regulation of gene expression upon entry of bacteria in stationary phase.
Winners in the Spotlight: Media Coverage of Fund Holdings as a Driver of Flows

We show that media coverage of mutual fund holdings affects how investors allocate money across funds. Fund holdings with high past returns attract extra flows, but only if these stocks were recently featured in the media. In contrast, holdings that were not covered in major newspapers do not affect flows. We present evidence that media coverage tends to contribute to investors׳ chasing of past returns rather than facilitate the processing of useful information in fund portfolios. Our evidence suggests that media coverage can exacerbate investor biases and that it is the primary mechanism that makes fund window dressing effective.