Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphological and semantic effects in visual word recognition: A time-course study

Some theories of visual word recognition postulate that there is a level of processing or representation at which morphemes are treated differently fromwhole words. Support for these theories has been derived frompriming experiments in which the recognition of a target word is facilitated by the prior presentation of a morphologically related prime (departure-DEPART). In English, such facilitation could be due to morphological relatedness, or to some combination of the orthographic and semantic relatedness characteristic of derivationally related words. We report two sets of visual priming experiments in which the morphological, semantic, and orthographic relationships between primes and targets are varied in three SOA conditions (43 ms, 72 ms, and 230 ms). Results showed that morphological structure plays a significant role in the early visual recognitionof English words that is independent of both semantic and orthographic relatedness. Findings are discussed in terms of current approaches to morphological processing.
Evidence of the Influence of Plasma Jets on a Helium Flow into Open Air

Microplasma jets propagating in a helium flow surrounded by open air at ambient temperature have attracted the attention of many researchers for their putative ability to deliver high fluxes of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species to a target situated some centimeters away. This is of particular interest in biomedical applications. In this paper, we use Schlieren images to show that ignition of the plasma jet causes a reduction in the length of the laminar zone of the helium flow.
Polarized growth and organelle segregation in yeast

In yeast, growth and organelle segregation requires formin-dependent assembly of polarized actin cables. These tracks are used by myosin Vs to deliver secretory vesicles for cell growth, organelles for their segregation, and mRNA for fate determination. Several specific receptors have been identified that interact with the cargo-binding tails of the myosin Vs. A recent study implicates specific degradation in the bud of the vacuolar receptor, Vac17, as a mechanism for cell cycle–regulated segregation of this organelle.
Electroplating lithium transition metal oxides

Electrodeposition of lithium-ion battery cathodes enables ultraflexible, ultrathick, and high-power rechargeable batteries. Materials synthesis often provides opportunities for innovation. We demonstrate a general low-temperature (260°C) molten salt electrodeposition approach to directly electroplate the important lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cathode materials LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, and Al-doped LiCoO2. The crystallinities and electrochemical capacities of the electroplated oxides are comparable to those of the powders synthesized at much higher temperatures (700° to 1000°C). This new growth method significantly broadens the scope of battery form factors and functionalities, enabling a variety of highly desirable battery properties, including high energy, high power, and unprecedented electrode flexibility.
xCalls: safe I/O in memory transactions

Memory transactions, similar to database transactions, allow a programmer to focus on the logic of their program and let the system ensure that transactions are atomic and isolated. Thus, programs using transactions do not suffer from deadlock. However, when a transaction performs I/O or accesses kernel resources, the atomicity and isolation guarantees from the TM system do not apply to the kernel. The xCall interface is a new API that provides transactional semantics for system calls. With a combination of deferral and compensation, xCalls enable transactional memory programs to use common OS functionality within transactions. We implement xCalls for the Intel Software Transactional Memory compiler, and found it straightforward to convert programs to use transactions and xCalls. In tests on a 16-core NUMA machine, we show that xCalls enable concurrent I/O and system calls within transactions. Despite the overhead of implementing transactions in software, transactions with xCalls improved the performance of two applications with poor locking behavior by 16 and 70%.
Protein Phosphatase 2A Enables Expression of Interleukin 17 (IL-17) through Chromatin Remodeling*

Background: Increased PP2A levels have been linked to autoimmunity in SLE patients and transgenic mice. Results: In T cells, PP2A overexpression increases the transcription of proinflammatory genes and facilitates chromatin accessibility at the Il17 locus. Conclusion: Increased levels of PP2A promote the inflammatory capacity of T cells. Significance: PP2A dysregulation may contribute to SLE by directly affecting lymphocyte gene expression. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a heterotrimeric serine/threonine phosphatase involved in essential cellular functions. T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) express high levels of the catalytic subunit of PP2A (PP2Ac). A mouse overexpressing PP2Ac in T cells develops glomerulonephritis in an IL-17-dependent manner. Here, using microarray analyses, we demonstrate that increased expression of PP2Ac grants T cells the capacity to produce an array of proinflammatory effector molecules. Because IL-17 is important in the expression of glomerulonephritis, we studied the mechanism through which PP2Ac dysregulation facilitates its production. We report that PP2Ac is involved in the regulation of the Il17 locus by enhancing histone 3 acetylation through a mechanism that involves activation of interferon regulatory factor 4. Increased histone 3 acetylation of the Il17 locus is shared between T cells of PP2Ac transgenic mice and patients with SLE. We propose that, by promoting the inflammatory capacity of T cells, PP2Ac dysregulation contributes to the pathogenesis of SLE.
Back to the future: rehabilitation of children after brain injury

A mistaken optimism persists that outcomes for childhood acquired brain injury (ABI) are in general superior to those for similar injuries in adults, a misconception based on naive concepts of greater ‘plasticity’ in the immature brain. The challenges of rehabilitation after ABI, of bringing children ‘back’ to face the ‘future’ of completing childhood development with an injured brain, are reviewed in the context of the science of brain recovery from injury. Unrealistic expectations of recovery may cause subsequent events to be perceived as academic or employment ‘failure’. The challenges of supporting children and families after ABI are reviewed.
Tailoring of Bone Scaffold Properties Using Silicate/Phosphate Glass Mixtures

Different ratios of a resorbable phosphate glass (ICEL) and a bioactive silicate glass (CEL2) were co-sintered to obtain 3D porous scaffolds by gel-cast foaming method. The scaffold morphology, crystalline phases and compressive strength were studied. All the scaffolds showed a 3D structure with highly interconnected pores. The ICEL/CEL2 co-sintering resulted in a lower shrinkage leading to higher scaffold porosity (more than 70 vol%) compared to pure ICEL and CEL2 (about 65 vol%). Tuning ICEL/CEL2 ratio allowed the modulation of the scaffold resorption rate, with weight loss ranging from 20% to 75% after soaking for 3 months in simulated body fluid. Scaffolds containing higher amount of CEL2 silicate glass, resulted in a very high bioactivity. In vitro biological test showed no toxic effect of the scaffolds on human osteoblast-like cells.
Face Recognition by Regularized-LDA Using PRM

Face recognition has received an increased attention from several years in the field of image analysis, pattern recognition, and computer vision. In this paper we propose a method to the problem of face recognition. The proposed method consists of two stages. In the first stage regularized linear discriminant analysis is used to extract the most significant and discriminant features and then in the second stage, these features are used by probabilistic reasoning model for classification of unknown face images. Here two databases, the ORL database and the UMIST database are used for experiments and to show the performance of the proposed method.
High-quality polygonal contour approximation based on relaxation

An algorithm is proposed for extracting high quality, polygonal contours from connected objects in binary images. This is can be useful for OCR algorithms working on scanned text. It is also particularly interesting for raster-to-vector conversion of engineering drawings or other types of line drawings, where simple contours (known as Freeman chains) are grossly inadequate. Our algorithm is based on a relaxation technique, in which an initial polygonal approximation is iteratively refined until stability. Experiments demonstrate that this method consistently produces high quality results: the polygonal approximations obtained have a minimal number of corner points and remain extremely close to the original Freeman chain code.
Vitamin A, Cancer Treatment and Prevention: The New Role of Cellular Retinol Binding Proteins

Retinol and vitamin A derivatives influence cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis and play an important physiologic role in a wide range of biological processes. Retinol is obtained from foods of animal origin. Retinol derivatives are fundamental for vision, while retinoic acid is essential for skin and bone growth. Intracellular retinoid bioavailability is regulated by the presence of specific cytoplasmic retinol and retinoic acid binding proteins (CRBPs and CRABPs). CRBP-1, the most diffuse CRBP isoform, is a small 15 KDa cytosolic protein widely expressed and evolutionarily conserved in many tissues. CRBP-1 acts as chaperone and regulates the uptake, subsequent esterification, and bioavailability of retinol. CRBP-1 plays a major role in wound healing and arterial tissue remodelling processes. In the last years, the role of CRBP-1-related retinoid signalling during cancer progression became object of several studies. CRBP-1 downregulation associates with a more malignant phenotype in breast, ovarian, and nasopharyngeal cancers. Reexpression of CRBP-1 increased retinol sensitivity and reduced viability of ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Further studies are needed to explore new therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring CRBP-1-mediated intracellular retinol trafficking and the meaning of CRBP-1 expression in cancer patients' screening for a more personalized and efficacy retinoid therapy.
Psychophysiological Responses of Schizophrenic Patients to High and Low Expressed Emotion Relatives

Summary Measurements of spontaneous fluctuations in skin conductance in 20 acutely ill schizophrenic patients were made in a video-tape studio. Recordings were made initially with the patient talking to an interviewer, then during a video-taped interview conducted with the patient's key relative. The Expressed Emotion (EE) of the patient's key relative had been measured previously. Significant differences in the type of spontaneous fluctuation activity between patients who had low EE and high EE relatives were demonstrated when the relative was present, but not when the relative was absent. The findings were not related to phenothiazine medication.
Book Reviews: Phonological Parsing in Speech Recognition

engineering standpoint) of an architecture that provides a clear separation of linguistic and nonlinguistic knowledge, since it is hard to see how shallow processing could be implemented without this separation. Although SPAR is implemented as a complete natural language system, it unfortunately still has something of a "toy" flavor for two reasons. First of all, the data texts were written specifically for this project, although not by people who knew about SPAR. Although many of the phenomena in these texts undoubtedly occur in more realistic texts, the work would perhaps have been more convincing had Carter used texts written for other purposes. Naturally occurring texts often contain problematic constructions such as nominalizations, which present many interesting challenges for semantics and anaphor resolution in natural language systems (Dahl et al. 1987), but which don't occur in Carter 's texts. The system also has a toy flavor because the end application, paraphrase, is less obviously useful than many other applications that might have been selected. There is no reason to think that these problems affect the fundamental soundness of the work, but they do tend to make it less interesting. This work presents a very comprehensive implementation of the state of the art of reference resolution in natural language processing. However, one is left at the end with a frustrating sense that the whole process consists of exploiting a set of more or less unrelated heuristics, which in fact lead to very accurate reference resolution, but which don't seem to fit together into a general picture of a unified phenomenon. For example, Carter points out (using Sidner's terminology) that the discourse focus is preferred to intra-sentential candidates, but that intra-sentential candidates are preferred to potential discourse foci. It is only natural to wonder why these preferences (and others) should be the way they are, and whether they can be expected to fall out from more general principles. This is not specifically a criticism of Carter, but points out an unsatisfying aspect of much computational work in anaphora resolution. It is in fact at least partially the result of the clarity of his presentation that this issue emerges. I found this book very stimulating, interesting, and clear. I would recommend it to anyone interested in reference resolution or computational pragmatics in general.
Taxonomy of honeynet solutions

Honeynet research has become more important as a way to overcome the limitations imposed by the use of individual honeypots. A honeynet can be defined as a network of honeypots following certain topology. Although there are at present many existing honeynet solutions, no taxonomies have been proposed in order to classify them. In this paper, we propose such taxonomy, identifying the main criteria used for its classification and applying the classification scheme to some of the existing honeynet solutions, in order to quickly get a clear outline of the honeynet architecture and gain insight of the honeynet technology. The analysis of the classification scheme of the taxonomy allows getting an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of each criterion value. We later use this analysis to explore the design space of honeynet solutions for the proposal of a future optimized honeynet solution.
Memory-efficient inference in dynamic graphical models using multiple cores

We introduce the archipelagos algorithm for memory-ecient multi-core inference in dynamic graphical models. By making use of several processors running in parallel, the archipelagos algorithm uses exponentially less memory compared to basic forward-backward message passing algorithms (O(logT ) compared to O(T ) on sequences of length T ) and, under oftensatisfied assumptions on the relative speed of passing forward and backward messages, runs no slower. We also describe a simple variant of the algorithm that achieves a factor of two speedup over forward-backward on a single core. Experiments with our implementation of archipelagos for the computation of posterior marginal probabilities in an HMM validate the space/time complexity analysis: using four cores, the required memory on our test problem was reduced from 8 GB to 319 KB (a factor of 25000) relative to forwardbackward, but completed in essentially the same time. The archipelagos algorithm applies to any dynamic graphical model, including dynamic Bayesian networks, conditional random fields, and hidden conditional random fields.
Capacity analysis and performance evaluation of call admission control for multimedia packet transmission in UMTS WCDMA system

Packet transmission combined with WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) access technique defined in the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) provides high flexibility in resource allocation in order to integrate multimedia services with different requirements. However, this flexibility requires to design an efficient call admission control (CAC) able to control the number of active users in a system where capacity varies according with the level of interference. Taking into account the stochastic nature of multimedia traffic and the changes in the available capacity in the CDMA system, an effective capacity request is derived and used to characterize the resources required by each mobile user in order to meet its respective quality of service requirements. These requirements are expressed in terms of rate and delay constraints in addition to the signal to interference ratio. After setting an effective capacity threshold for the system, a linear approximation is used to find the total amount of resources required by all the mobile users already admitted in the system and the new connection request. Packet transmission is considered for both real time and non real time services while a centralized demand assignment algorithm has been implemented in order to provide QoS in the packet level. Performance in a multicell scenario and in time variant wireless channel conditions has been evaluated considering channel-stated scheduling algorithms. Computer simulation results are given to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.
Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Syndrome, and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Obese Youth

School nurses are well aware of the childhood obesity epidemic in the United States, as one in three youth are overweight or obese. Co-morbidities found in overweight or obese adults were not commonly found in youth three decades ago but are now increasingly “normal” as the obesity epidemic continues to evolve. This article is the second of six related articles discussing the co-morbidities of childhood obesity and discusses the complex association between obesity and insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Insulin resistance increases up to 50% during puberty, which may help to explain why youth are more likely to develop co-morbidities as teens. Treatment of these disorders is focused on changing lifestyle habits, as a child cannot change his or her pubertal progression, ethnicity, or family history. School nurses and other personnel can assist youth with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and polycystic ovary syndrome by supporting their efforts to make changes, reinforcing that insulin resistance is not necessarily type 2 diabetes even if the child is taking medication, and intervening with negative peer pressure.
Magnesium-silicate-hydrate cements for encapsulating problematic aluminium containing wastes

Low pH cement systems for encapsulating legacy nuclear industry wastes containing aluminium metal are being developed using blends of MgO and silica fume (SF). The rheology of the binary system is significantly improved by addition of sodium hexa-metaphosphate (Na-HMP) which reduces the required w/s ratio. The addition of MgCO3 further controls the initial pH of the cement system and sand filler reduces shrinkage cracking. The physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the optimised MgO/SF cement system in terms of pH, setting time, microstructure, compressive strength, flexural strength and heat of hydration are reported and compared to the PC/BFS blended system currently used for waste encapsulation. The optimised MgO/SF cement and PC/BFS cement are also compared by monitoring the volume of H2 generated from binder samples containing Al metal strips. Al metal was firmly bound into MgO/SF samples and H2 gas was not detected, indicating that any corrosion reactions were very limited. It is concluded that the MgO/SF cement system has significant potential for encapsulating certain types of problematic wastes containing Al metal and may have uses in a range of other applications.
Analysis of Image Quality Assessment with Markov Random Field Oriented on Low Dose CT Images

In order to provide precision and objective image quality measures (IQMs) for the low dose CT (Computed Tomography) images, various general IQMs need to be validated and analyzed. The IQM based on Markov Random Field (MRF) has not been check and validated by a comprehensive distorted database. First choose a standard distorted image database of LIVE (Laboratory for Image & Video Engineering) to validate and analyze the performance of various IQMs. Then assess various low dose phantom CT images by the IQMs. Experimental results show that the mutual information based on MRF is more obvious and precision than other measures to reflect the quality changes of the LIVE database and low dose CT phantom images. It can provide effective reference for quality assessment of low dose CT images. Copyright © 2014 IFSA Publishing, S. L.
Development of Biodegradable Films Based on Durian Seed Starch

Fresh durian seed consists largely of starch and can be considered such a suitable raw material for producing biodegradable films. The aim of this work was to develop biodegradable films based on durian seed starch (DSS) and to characterize their water barrier, microscopic and mechanical properties. DSS films were prepared by casting with glycerol as plasticizer. Corn starch and cassava starch, commonly used in food processing, were chosen to prepare films and compare their properties to the DSS-based films. Using a second biopolymer, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), in the DSS based composite has been studied as a strategy to improve their important properties. Water vapor permeability and elongation values were improved significantly (p<0.05) when 5% (w/w DSS) CMC was incorporated. Therefore, preparing biodegradable films from DSS is a new alternative for using this raw material which is sometimes much cheaper than commercial starches
Nationwide Improvements in Survival From Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Japan

Background—Little is known about the nationwide trend in the survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Japan and the differences in incidence and survival by age group and origin of arrest. Methods and Results—A nationwide, prospective, population-based observation covering the whole population of Japan and involving consecutive OHCA patients with resuscitation attempts was conducted from January 2005 to December 2009. The main outcome measure was 1-month survival with favorable neurological outcome. The nationwide trends in OHCA incidence and outcome by age and origin of arrest were assessed. Multiple logistic regression analysis for bystander-witnessed OHCA was used to adjust for factors that were potentially associated with favorable neurological outcome. During 5 years, 547 153 overall OHCAs and 169 360 bystander-witnessed OHCAs were enrolled. The annual incidence significantly increased among overall OHCAs and bystander-witnessed OHCAs. Neurologically favorable survival significantly increased from 1.6% (1676/102 737) in 2005 to 2.8% (3280/115 250) in 2009 (P<0.001), from 2.1% (638/30 556) to 4.3% (1558/36 361) (P<0.001), and from 9.8% (437/4461) to 20.6% (1215/5906) (P<0.001) among overall OHCA, bystander-witnessed OHCA, and bystander-witnessed ventricular fibrillation OHCA, respectively. Public-access automated external defibrillator use, either bystander-initiated chest compression–only cardiopulmonary resuscitation or conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and earlier emergency medical services response time were associated with a better neurological outcome. Favorable neurological outcome among adult OHCA subjects significantly improved, but the outcome among younger children and very elderly subjects did not improve and was poor irrespective of origin of OHCA. Conclusions—Nationwide improvements of favorable neurological outcome from OHCA were observed in Japan and differed by age group and origin of OHCA.