Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANÁLISIS DE SEIS POBLACIONES LATINOAMERICANAS DE GATOS MEDIANTE GENES DEL PELAJE Y MARCADORES MICROSATÉLITES

Seis poblaciones latinoamericanas de gatos (La Habana, San José, Bogotá, Asunción, Buenos Aires y Santiago) han sido estudiadas desde una perspectiva genético poblacional con marcadores que codifican características morfológicas del pelaje y marcadores moleculares nucleares microsatélites (FCA43, FCA45, FCA96, FCA126). A partir de las frecuencias alélicas de ambos tipos de marcadores genéticos se investigó: (1) si el tipo y la intensidad de las diferencias genéticas encontradas para diversos loci morfológicos entre las poblaciones de gatos en Gran Bretaña y en sus ex-colonias transmarítimas (EU, Canadá, Australia) se dio también entre las poblaciones de gatos actuales en España y en Latinoamérica y (2) si las relaciones genéticas de esos caracteres morfológicos entre algunas de esas poblaciones latinoamericanas de gatos fue paralela a las relaciones encontradas con marcadores moleculares microsatélites. Los resultados obtenidos fueron: (A) Todas las poblaciones analizadas estuvieron en equilibrio Hardy-Weinberg para los loci O, S y para los cuatro loci microsatélites estudiados, con la excepción de la población de La Habana para el locus S. (B) Los fenogramas obtenidos mostraron que las relaciones de las seis poblaciones latinoamericanas de gatos respecto a las poblaciones españolas y europeas fueron muy heterogéneas. Por ejemplo, la población de Asunción (Paraguay) fue genéticamente indistinguible de algunas poblaciones de gatos analizadas en Cataluña, tanto con los genes morfológicos como con los microsatélites, mientras que Santiago presentó más semejanzas con las poblaciones de gatos de presunto origen británico en la costa Este de los Estados Unidos cuando se utilizaron los genes del pelaje. La fuerte heterogeneidad genética entre algunas de las poblaciones latinoamericanas estudiadas hace pensar en que diversas migraciones geográficas, o temporales, se dieron desde España, o que diversos grados de deriva genética se dieron en la fundación de las diferentes poblaciones latinoamericanas estudiadas. Finalmente, los resultados moleculares son similares a los obtenidos con los genes de codificación morfológica por lo que la evolución global de éstos parece más modulada por fuerzas neutrales que selectivas.
Teleseismic estimates of the energy radiated by shallow earthquakes

The energy flux contained in the P-wave groups (P + pP + sP) or the S-wave groups (S + pS + sS) radiated by a shallow earthquake is modeled assuming that the energy flux in the direct and depth phases adds incoherently. By defining generalized radiation patterns which incorporate this neutral interference, the wave groups are analyzed as though they were comprised of a single phase. Measurements of the energy flux in the wave groups are corrected in the frequency domain for both the body-wave attenuation and the frequency band of the recording. The corrected measurements are then used to estimate the seismic energy radiated by the earthquake. This analysis is applied to digital recordings of the teleseismic wave groups radiated by the May 2, 1983, Coalinga, California, earthquake and the October 28, 1983, Borah Peak, Idaho, earthquake. For the Coalinga earthquake, an estimate of Es = 1.6 ± 0.4×1021 dyn cm was determined from six P-wave groups, while the SH wave group recorded at station COL returned an estimate of Es = 1.2×1021 dyn cm. For the Borah Peak earthquake, an estimate ofEs = 3.2 ± 0.5×1021 dyn cm was determined from seven P-wave groups. The distribution of the isoseismals for the Borah Peak earthquake indicate that the energy radiated by this event was focussed to the northwest, in the direction of rupture propagation. Correcting the teleseismic estimate for this focussing gives Es = 3.6 ± 0.5×1021 dyn cm. Combining these estimates of the radiated energy with broad-band estimates of the seismic moment yields estimates of the apparent stress of 17 and 7 bars for the Coalinga and the Borah Peak earthquakes, respectively.
Meta-Kriging: Scalable Bayesian Modeling and Inference for Massive Spatial Datasets

ABSTRACT Spatial process models for analyzing geostatistical data entail computations that become prohibitive as the number of spatial locations becomes large. There is a burgeoning literature on approaches for analyzing large spatial datasets. In this article, we propose a divide-and-conquer strategy within the Bayesian paradigm. We partition the data into subsets, analyze each subset using a Bayesian spatial process model, and then obtain approximate posterior inference for the entire dataset by combining the individual posterior distributions from each subset. Importantly, as often desired in spatial analysis, we offer full posterior predictive inference at arbitrary locations for the outcome as well as the residual spatial surface after accounting for spatially oriented predictors. We call this approach “spatial meta-kriging” (SMK). We do not need to store the entire data in one processor, and this leads to superior scalability. We demonstrate SMK with various spatial regression models including Gaussian processes with Matern and compactly supported correlation functions. The approach is intuitive, easy to implement, and is supported by theoretical results presented in the supplementary material available online. Empirical illustrations are provided using different simulation experiments and a geostatistical analysis of Pacific Ocean sea surface temperature data. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Quantitative analysis of an anaphase B switch: predicted role for a microtubule catastrophe gradient

Anaphase B in Drosophila embryos is initiated by the inhibition of microtubule (MT) depolymerization at spindle poles, which allows outwardly sliding interpolar (ip) MTs to drive pole–pole separation. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we observed that MTs throughout the preanaphase B spindle are very dynamic and display complete recovery of fluorescence, but during anaphase B, MTs proximal to the poles stabilize and therefore display lower recovery than those elsewhere. Fluorescence microscopy of the MT tip tracker EB1 revealed that growing MT plus ends localize throughout the preanaphase B spindle but concentrate in the overlap region of interpolar MTs (ipMTs) at anaphase B onset. None of these changes occurred in the presence of nondegradable cyclin B. Modeling suggests that they depend on the establishment of a spatial gradient of MT plus-end catastrophe frequencies, decreasing toward the equator. The resulting redistribution of ipMT plus ends to the overlap zone, together with the suppression of minus-end depolymerization at the poles, could constitute a mechanical switch that initiates spindle elongation.
Global characteristics of school transformation in China

In many ways, China's education system is quite different from systems of education in the West. Rich descriptions of school transformation, however, have revealed that the factors that fuelled transformation in schools in China are also evident in schools in Australia, England, Finland, Wales and the United States. This paper draws on an international project that examined how secondary schools from six countries achieved success by developing and drawing on their resources, referred to as four forms of capital: financial, intellectual, social and spiritual. It describes how five secondary schools in Chongqing, Western China, viewed each form of capital and how the four forms of capital were strengthened and aligned through outstanding governance to support the success of all students. The case is made that, although some aspects of the forms of capital found in schools in China may be viewed differently, the approaches adopted by these schools share a number of common elements with approaches to school transformation identified in Western schools. It is argued that these common elements from a range of international settings constitute a rich evidence base for understanding school transformation and for new insights in governance and leadership.
[Job] Locked and [Un]loaded: The Effect of the Affordable Care [Job] Locked and [Un]loaded: The Effect of the Affordable Care Act Dependency Mandate on Reenlistment in the U.S. Army Act Dependency Mandate on Reenlistment in the U.S. Army

Institute working papers are meant to stimulate discussion and criticism among the policy research community. Content and opinions are the sole responsibility of the author. ABSTRACT One concern with employer-based health insurance is job lock or the inability for employees to leave their current employment for better opportunities for fear of losing benefits. We use the implementation of the Affordable Care Act’s dependency mandate as a natural experiment. Data from the United States Army overcome some limitations in previous studies including the ability to examine workers with fixed contract expiration dates, uniform pay, and health coverage. We find that the ACA decreased reenlistment rates by 3.13 percent for enlisted soldiers aged 23–25. We also find that younger veterans who leave the army are more likely to attend college. These findings show that the ACA reduced job lock and increased college-going. self-employed. Boyle and expansion of Veterans Affairs disability compensation to veterans exposed to Agent Orange as a natural experiment and ﬁnd that veterans with increased beneﬁts reduced their labor supply. Coile et al. (2015) ﬁnd similar effects to veterans given increases in disability compensation of the early 2000s. Our paper contributes to this literature by exploring the effects of the passage of the ACA on the labor supply decisions of active duty military members as opposed to those who had previously separated from the military.
Optimum Dimensions of an Obstacle Placed in a Hot Water Tank for Thermal Stratification

Dimension of an obstacle placed in a hot water tank for thermal stratification is optimized numerically. Numerical method is validated using both experimental and numerical results. A cylindrical tank used to store heat for solar collector applications is considered. A cylindrical obstacle with a hole in the middle is placed in the tank and various f/H and g/D ratios of the obstacle geometry are considered. Here H and D are the height and diameter of the tank, respectively, where f is the distance from the bottom surface of the tank to the cold-water inlet channel and g is the diameter of the hole in the obstacle. Temperature distribution in the tank, water temperature supplied by the tank, and temperature differences at various tank inlet and outlets are obtained for various f/H and g/D ratios. The results show that placing obstacle in the tank improves thermal stratification, and thus it increases the temperature of water supplied by the tank compared with no obstacle case and that the best thermal stratification is obtained for obstacle dimensions corresponding to g/D ratio of 0.2 and f/H ratio of 0.13.
Provenance of Paleozoic very low- to low-grade metasedimentary rocks of South Tisia (Slavonian Mountains, Radlovac Complex, Croatia)

Abstract Monazite age dating, detrital heavy mineral content and whole-rock geochemistry provided insight into the provenance, depositional history and paleogeological setting of the Radlovac Complex very low- to low-grade metasedimentary rocks (South Tisia, Slavonian Mountains, Croatia). Electron microprobe based Th-U-Pb dating of detrital monazite indicates a Variscan age of the protolith (330 ± 10 Ma). The detrital heavy mineral assemblages of representative metasedimentary rocks are dominated by apatite, zircon, tourmaline and rutile accompanied by minor quantity of epidote/zoisite, monazite and titanite. Judging from the heavy mineral assemblage, felsic igneous rocks served as the source material. This is consistent with the major and trace element spectrum of studied metasedimentary rocks characterized by high concentration of Th, high L + MREEs and high ratios of La/Sc, Th/Sc, La/Co, Th/Co and Th/Cr. The occurrence of magmatic monazite, zircon and xenotime and the absence of metamorphic heavy minerals suggest that granitoids, migmatites and migmatitic gneisses served as one major source for the metapsammites. Such rock types are commonly exposed in the Papuk Complex of the older surrounding complexes, while the Psunj Complex also contains metamorphic rocks. This is in good correlation with the monazite ages presented here which fits better with ages of Papuk Complex representative rocks than with those of the Psunj Complex known from the literature. Overall, data show that the Radlovac Complex represents the detritus of the local Variscan crust characterized by granitoid bodies, migmatites and migmatitic gneisses typical for the Papuk Complex.
Scale-dependent seismic velocity in heterogeneous media

The measurable traveltimes of seismic events propagating in heterogeneous media depend on the geologic scale, the seismic wavelength, and the propagation distance. In general, the velocity inferred from arrival times is slower when the wavelength is longer than the scale of heterogeneity and faster when the wavelength is shorter. For normal incidence propagation in stratified media, this is the difference between averaging seismic slownesses in the short wavelength limit, and averaging elastic compliances in the long wavelength limit. In two and three dimensions there is also the path effect. Shorter wavelengths tend to find faster paths, thus biasing the traveltimes to lower values. In the short wavelength limit, the slowness inferred from the average traveltime is smaller than the mean slowness of the medium. When the propagation distance is much larger than the scale of the heterogeneity, the path effect causes the velocity increase from long to short wavelengths to be much larger in two dimensions tha.
Conservation values and management preferences for the Ningaloo Marine Park: a discrete choice experiment

The creation of a marine reserve network is an active area of policy in Australia. Successful policy hinges on community support, which requires an understanding of what drives improvements in social welfare. Here, a discrete choice experiment is used to estimate ecological values for the Ningaloo Marine Park. A novel aspect of this research is that it not only considers the values people hold for conservation outcomes, but also their preferences for how those outcomes are achieved. By considering management process within the choice model, we gain a richer understanding of the relationship between social welfare and marine conservation. The results indicate that management process does have an impact on individuals’ preferences for conservation.
The Mg-suite and the highland crust: An unsolved enigma

Most of the rocks returned from the highlands are polymict breccias, pulverized by the massive bombardment. However, some monomict breccias with low siderophile element contents are considered to be 'pristine' rocks that represent the original igneous components making up the highland crust. Three principal pristine constituents make up the lunar highland crust: ferroan anorthosites, the Mg-suite, and KREEP. A discussion of these three constituents is presented.
The Critical Care Recovery Center: An Innovative Collaborative Care Model for ICU Survivors A prototypical clinic tackles the recovery burdens faced by a vulnerable population.

patient and caregiver needs assessment, an initial diagnostic workup visit, and a follow-up visit that includes a family conference. With its sole focus on the prevention and treatment of PICS, the CCRC represents an innovative prototype aimed at modify-ing post–critical illness morbidities and improving the ICU survivor’s quality of life.
Ultraviolet and visible range plasmonics of a topological insulator

The development of metamaterials, data processing circuits and sensors for the visible and UV parts of the spectrum is hampered by the lack of low-loss media supporting plasmonic excitations and drives the intense search for plasmonic materials beyond noble metals. By studying plasmonic nanostructures fabricated on the surface of topological insulator Bi1.5Sb0. 5Te1.8Se1. 2 we found that it is orders of magnitude better plasmonic material than gold and silver in the blue-UV range. Metamaterial fabricated from Bi1.5Sb0. 5Te1.8Se1. 2 show plasmonic resonances from 350 nm to 550 nm while surface gratings exhibit cathodoluminescent peaks from 230 nm to 1050 nm. The negative permittivity underpinning plasmonic response is attributed to the combination of bulk interband transitions and surface contribution of the topologically protected states. The importance of our result is in the identification of new mechanisms of negative permittivity in semiconductors where visible-range plasmonics can be directly integrated with electronics.
Adherence to UK dietary guidelines is associated with higher dietary intakes of total and specific polyphenols compared to a traditional UK diet: further analysis of data from the CRESSIDA randomised controlled trial.

Adherence to dietary guidelines may result in higher intakes of polyphenols via increased consumption of fruits, vegetables and whole grains. We compared polyphenol dietary intakes and urinary excretion between two intervention groups in the CRESSIDA study: a 12-week, parallel-arm, randomised controlled trial (n=161; 64 M, 97 F; aged 40-70 y). One group adhered to UK dietary guidelines (DG) whereas the other group consumed a representative UK diet (control). We estimated polyphenol dietary intakes, using 4-day food diaries (4-DFD) and food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), and analysed twenty-four hour polyphenol urinary excretion by LC-MS/MS on a subset of participants (n=46 control; n=45 DG). A polyphenol food composition database for 4-DFD analysis was generated using Phenol-Explorer and USDA databases. Total polyphenol intakes by 4-DFD at endpoint (geometric means with 95% CI, adjusted for baseline and gender) were significantly higher in the DG group (1279 mg/d/10 MJ; 1158, 1412) compared to the control group (1084 mg/d/10 MJ; 980, 1197). The greater total polyphenol intakes in the DG group were attributed to higher intakes of anthocyanidins, proanthocyanidins and hydroxycinnamic acids, with the primary food sources being fruits, cereal products, nuts and seeds. FFQ estimates of flavonoid intakes also detected greater intakes in DG compared with the control group. Twenty-four hour urinary excretion showed consistency with 4-DFD in their ability to discriminate between dietary intervention groups for 6 out of 10 selected, individual polyphenols. In conclusion, following UK dietary guidelines increased total polyphenol intakes by approximately 20%, but not all polyphenol subclasses corresponded with this finding.
Leader–team Congruence in Power Distance Values and Team Effectiveness: the Mediating Role of Procedural Justice Climate

We examine the effect of (in)congruence between leaders' and teams' power distance values on team effectiveness. We hypothesize that the (in)congruence between these values would differentially predict team effectiveness, with procedural justice climate serving as a mediator. Using multisource data and polynomial regression, we found that similarities (and differences) between leaders' and their teams' power distance values can have consequential effects on teams' justice climate and, ultimately, their effectiveness (viz., team performance and team organizational citizenship behavior). We conclude that to fully understand the implications of power distance, one should consider the multiple perspectives of both leaders and team members. A considerable volume of research has accumulated concerning the beneficial effects of congruence between the values (i.e., beliefs about normatively desirable behaviors) of employees and organizations (Kristof-Brown, Zimmerman, & Johnson, 2005; Os-troff & Judge, 2007). A fundamental assumption of this research is that outcomes are a function of the interaction between a person and his or her environment (Jansen & Kristof-Brown, 2006)— where a good fit (or match) in values produces positive outcomes and a poor fit (or mismatch) in values results in negative outcomes. Indeed, research has consistently demonstrated that when individ-uals' values match those of their employing organizations, they are more committed, satisfied, and wish to continue their employment 2012) have also suggested that this focus on individual-level congruence effects may be limiting, as it neglects the shift toward team-based organizations that requires managers to " lead and motivate not only individuals but also teams as a whole " As such, researchers have yet to consider the dynamic interplay between a formal leader's values and his or her team's shared values despite consistent entreaties for extending value congruence concepts to higher levels of analysis (DeRue & Hollenbeck, 2007; Kristof-Brown & Guay, 2011). Hence, significant questions pertaining to the confluence between leaders' and teams' values remain unanswered. Does it matter whether leaders and their teams hold differing beliefs about normatively desirable behaviors (e.g., those pertaining to authority and status differences)? And if yes, what are the implications for team functioning and its effectiveness? These questions are important from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Theoretically , whereas scholars have long acknowledged that a team's values can substantially influence the social system as a whole, we likewise recognize that a leader's values will play an important role in how he or she prefers to supervise team members in toto As these …
Highly polymorphic microsatellite markers developed for the social halictine bee Lasioglossum (Chilalictus) hemichalceum

Lasioglossum ( Chilalictus ) hemichalceum is a social halictine bee species for which we developed 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci in order to investigate detailed genetic structure of cooperating indvididuals. The loci are highly polymorphic with allele numbers ranging between eight and 22. A null allele was detected at one locus in the absence of pedigree information.
Title: Cue-related processing accounts for age differences in phasic alerting

Alertness is fundamental for the efficiency of information processing. A person’s level of alertness refers to the system’s state of general responsiveness and can be temporarily increased by presenting a neutral warning cue shortly before an event occurs (Posner and Petersen, 1990). However, effects of alerts on subsequent stimulus processing are less consistent in older than in younger individuals. In this study, we investigated the neural underpinnings of age differences in processing of auditory alerting cues. We measured electroencephalographic power and phase locking in response to alerting cues in a visual letter report task, in which younger but not older adults showed a cue-related behavioral advantage. Alerting cues evoked a significant increase in power as well as in inter-trial phase locking, with a maximum effect in the alpha frequency (8e12 Hz) in both age groups. Importantly, these cue-related increases in phase locking and power were stronger in older than in younger adults and were negatively correlated with the behavioral alerting effect in the older sample. Our results are in accordance with the assumption that older adults’ neural responses may be more strongly driven by external input and less variable than younger adults’. A stronger neural response of the system to the auditory cue may have hindered older adults’ effective use of the warning signal to foster processing of the following visual stimulus.