Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fat Grafting in Burn Scar Alleviates Neuropathic Pain via Anti-Inflammation Effect in Scar and Spinal Cord

Burn-induced neuropathic pain is complex, and fat grafting has reportedly improved neuropathic pain. However, the mechanism of fat grafting in improving neuropathic pain is unclear. Previous investigations have found that neuroinflammation causes neuropathic pain, and anti-inflammatory targeting may provide potential therapeutic opportunities in neuropathic pain. We hypothesized that fat grafting in burn scars improves the neuropathic pain through anti-inflammation. Burn-induced scar pain was confirmed using a mechanical response test 4 weeks after burn injuries, and autologous fat grafting in the scar area was performed simultaneously. After 4 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and specimens were collected for the inflammation test, including COX-2, iNOS, and nNOS in the injured skin and spinal cord dorsal horns through immunohistochemistry and Western assays. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 β and TNF-α) in the spinal cord were collected. Double immunofluorescent staining images for measuring p-IκB, p-NFκB, p-JNK, and TUNEL as well as Western blots of AKT, Bax/Bcl-2 for the inflammatory process, and apoptosis were analyzed. Fat grafting significantly reduced COX2, nNOS, and iNOS in the skin and spinal cord dorsal horns, as well as IL-1β and TNF-α, compared with the burn group. Moreover, regarding the anti-inflammatory effect, the apoptosis cells in the spinal cord significantly decreased after the fat grafting in the burn injury group. Fat grafting was effective in treating burn-induced neuropathic pain through the alleviation of neuroinflammation and ameliorated spinal neuronal apoptosis.
Dielectrophoretic trapping of single sub-micrometre scale bioparticles

The stable negative dielectrophoretic trapping of single sub-micrometre bioparticles is demonstrated. Single virus particles, capsids and latex spheres, with diameters in the range 93-250 nm, have been trapped. An estimate for the minimum size of particle that may be stably trapped against Brownian motion is made and the trapping characteristics used to estimate values for the dielectric properties of a virus.
ERP Systems in Hospitals: A Case Study

Enterprise Resource Planning ERP systems integrate information from different departments in one common database for an entire organization. They have demonstrated their efficacy in a number of companies of different types. However, a problem arises in organizations with highly differentiated cultural areas; often such areas have traditionally had independent information systems and control over the interests of their area, such as hospitals. This case study analyzes the process of an ERP system implementation in a hospital. The study's objective is to identify, by means of this qualitative research technique, the principal technological objectives that were set in the process of implementation, which of those objectives were achieved, and the deficiencies that have subsequently become evident.
HCV-Specific T-Cell Responses in HIV/Hepatitis C Virus-Coinfected Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Are Comparable to Those Observed in Hepatitis C Virus-Monoinfected Individuals

Background:Cellular responses against hepatitis C virus (HCV) are impaired in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients showing uncontrolled viral replication and immune suppression. Very few studies have explored to what extent HCV-specific response improves as a consequence of control of HIV replication by highly active antiretroviral therapy. We compared HCV-specific T-cell responses between HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, showing complete viral suppression, and HCV-monoinfected patients. Methods:HCV-specific T-cell responses were examined in 50 interferon-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C: 27 HCV-monoinfected and 23 HIV/HCV-coinfected on highly active antiretroviral therapy and undetectable HIV load. Production of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α was simultaneously measured in response to genotype-matched overlapping peptides spanning the whole HCV proteome by flow cytometry. Differences between groups were tested using nonparametric tests. Results:More than half of patients presented CD4+ (60%) or CD8+ (57%) response to at least one HCV protein with no significant differences between both groups. Intensity and breadth of response were also similar between groups. The functional profile of response was represented, in both groups, mainly by monofunctional subsets, although there were some differences between CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell response. CD8+ response was mediated almost exclusively by monofunctional interferon-γ+ cells, whereas bifunctional interferon-γ+tumor necrosis factor-α+ cells showed a moderate contribution to CD4+ response. Most of the CD8+ response was mediated by interferon-γ, whereas tumor necrosis factor-α was the highest contributor to CD4+ response. Conclusions:Our study demonstrates that in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with maximal HIV suppression under highly active antiretroviral therapy, several characteristics of anti-HCV T-cell response are similar to those found in HCV-monoinfected patients, suggesting that control of HIV replication might improve HCV-specific T-cell response in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients.
Randomized trial of dose-dense versus conventionally scheduled and sequential versus concurrent combination chemotherapy as postoperative adjuvant treatment of node-positive primary breast cancer: first report of Intergroup Trial C9741/Cancer and Leukemia Group B Trial 9741.

PURPOSE Using a 2 x 2 factorial design, we studied the adjuvant chemotherapy of women with axillary node-positive breast cancer to compare sequential doxorubicin (A), paclitaxel (T), and cyclophosphamide (C) with concurrent doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by paclitaxel (T) for disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS); to determine whether the dose density of the agents improves DFS and OS; and to compare toxicities. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 2,005 female patients were randomly assigned to receive one of the following regimens: (I) sequential A x 4 (doses) --> T x 4 --> C x 4 with doses every 3 weeks, (II) sequential A x 4 --> T x 4 --> C x 4 every 2 weeks with filgrastim, (III) concurrent AC x 4 --> T x 4 every 3 weeks, or (IV) concurrent AC x 4 --> T x 4 every 2 weeks with filgrastim. RESULTS A protocol-specified analysis was performed at a median follow-up of 36 months: 315 patients had experienced relapse or died, compared with 515 expected treatment failures. Dose-dense treatment improved the primary end point, DFS (risk ratio [RR] = 0.74; P =.010), and OS (RR = 0.69; P =.013). Four-year DFS was 82% for the dose-dense regimens and 75% for the others. There was no difference in either DFS or OS between the concurrent and sequential schedules. There was no interaction between density and sequence. Severe neutropenia was less frequent in patients who received the dose-dense regimens. CONCLUSION Dose density improves clinical outcomes significantly, despite the lower than expected number of events at this time. Sequential chemotherapy is as effective as concurrent chemotherapy.
FINE STRUCTURE OBSERVATIONS ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ANTIGENIC SITES ON GUINEA PIG SPERMATOZOA

The antigenic properties of mammalian spermatozoa have been a topic of interest since the work of Landsteiner before the turn of the century, and the last decade has seen a considerable resurgence of interest in this phenomenon. As many as 16 distinct antigens have been reported to exist on or in mammalian spermatozoa (reviewed by Piko, 1967 ; Metz, 1972) . Weil and Rodenburg (1962), and more recently Mancini et al . (1971), have shown that an antigen apparently derived from accessory glands "coats" the spermatozoa and may aid in sperm transport through the female tract . Katsch et al. (1972) have purified and partially characterized an antigen from guinea pig testes causing aspermatogenesis in guinea pigs and have shown it to be a glycoprotein. Antigenicity of acrosomal enzymes (see Metz, 1972) has also been demonstrated and Menge (1970) has shown that specific antienzyme antibody prevents attachment of rabbit spermatozoa to the zona pellucida . A number of workers have utilized immunofluorescence techniques to demonstrate antigenic regions in spermatozoa . In a key study, Willson and Katsch (1965) showed differences in immunofluorescence patterns on guinea pig sperm derived from various portions of the reproductive tract . Johnson and Hunter (1970) have shown that capacitated rabbit spermatozoa display less immunofluorescence than noncapacitated sperm . A number of workers have demonstrated (see Bedford, 1972, for example) that mammalian sper-
Pre‐implantation stages in the golden hamster (Cricetus auratus)

The golden hamster (Cricetus auratus), first described by Waterhouse (1839)' has been widely adopted as a laboratory animal since its introduction into England in 1931. The breeding and growth of the hamster have been described by Bruce and Hiiidle ( '34) and by Sheehan and Bruner ( '45). Laidlaw ( '39) discussed the problems associated with the maintenance of a colony and Cooperman, Waisman and Elvehjem ( '43) described the nutritional requirements of the hamster . The only developmental studies available are the note of Ochs ( '08) and the unpublished thesis of Graves ( '43). Kent and Smith ('45) gave a detailed discussion of the estrous cycle and Sheehan and Brunner ( '45) also mentioned the cycle. Deanesly ('35) presented data on the reproductive cycle with emphasis on the histology of the genital tract in the various stages. The ovary was described but there was little inforniation on the ova themselves. Hamilton ('42) and Samuel ('44) both illustrate early hamster ova but do not give the exact age of these specimens. Samuel and Hamilton ('42) report several living hamster eggs at each of the following stages of development : unsegmented unfertilized, unsegmented fertilized, 2-cell stage, 4-cell stage, and 8-cell stage. Gravcs reports 110 pre-implantation ova which he states were dated from observed copulation. This report adds 74 pre-implantation stages.
MicroRNAs: The Swing Voters in Vascular Disease Waiting for a Program.

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease involving, among others, production and degradation of the extracellular matrix and the accumulation of lipids in the arterial wall. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the main physiological mediators of matrix degradation, capable of degrading extracellular matrix components such as collagens, proteoglycans, elastin, laminin, fibronectin, and other glycoproteins. The actions of MMPs could potentially be modulated with different approaches: (1) inhibition of MMP expression and protein synthesis, (2) inhibition of MMP activation, and (3) inhibition of MMP activity.1 Although subject for studies for many years, including the development of more specific inhibitors for different MMP family members such as MMP-8 and MMP-12, opportunities as useful therapeutic targets in clinical studies are still hampered. The effect of broad-spectrum MMP inhibitors has been studied in models of vascular injury in large animal studies with varying outcomes. MMP inhibition results in impaired constrictive remodeling after balloon angioplasty2 but fails to inhibit in stent neointima formation.3 Interfering with MMP activity has been a popular approach to attenuate atherosclerotic disease in animal models, but translation to human disease is cumbersome. There are many reasons to explain this failure in translation: expression patterns of MMPs and TIMPs (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases) in mouse and human macrophages differ, and the lack of adequate preclinical models is evident. In addition, the widespread functional relevance of MMPs in human biology hamper clinical application because of side effects.4 However, currently clinically applied drugs …
From Blue Light to Clock Genes in Zebrafish ZEM-2S Cells

Melanopsin has been implicated in the mammalian photoentrainment by blue light. This photopigment, which maximally absorbs light at wavelengths between 470 and 480 nm depending on the species, is found in the retina of all classes of vertebrates so far studied. In mammals, melanopsin activation triggers a signaling pathway which resets the circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Unlike mammals, Drosophila melanogaster and Danio rerio do not rely only on their eyes to perceive light, in fact their whole body may be capable of detecting light and entraining their circadian clock. Melanopsin, teleost multiple tissue (tmt) opsin and others such as neuropsin and va-opsin, are found in the peripheral tissues of Danio rerio, however, there are limited data concerning the photopigment/s or the signaling pathway/s directly involved in light detection. Here, we demonstrate that melanopsin is a strong candidate to mediate synchronization of zebrafish cells. The deduced amino acid sequence of melanopsin, although being a vertebrate opsin, is more similar to invertebrate than vertebrate photopigments, and melanopsin photostimulation triggers the phosphoinositide pathway through activation of a Gq/11-type G protein. We stimulated cultured ZEM-2S cells with blue light at wavelengths consistent with melanopsin maximal absorption, and evaluated the time course expression of per1b, cry1b, per2 and cry1a. Using quantitative PCR, we showed that blue light is capable of slightly modulating per1b and cry1b genes, and drastically increasing per2 and cry1a expression. Pharmacological assays indicated that per2 and cry1a responses to blue light are evoked through the activation of the phosphoinositide pathway, which crosstalks with nitric oxide (NO) and mitogen activated protein MAP kinase (MAPK) to activate the clock genes. Our results suggest that melanopsin may be important in mediating the photoresponse in Danio rerio ZEM-2S cells, and provide new insights about the modulation of clock genes in peripheral clocks.
Locoregional cancer treatment with magnetic drug targeting.

The specific delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to their desired targets with a minimum of systemic side effects is an important, ongoing challenge of chemotherapy. One approach, developed in the past to address this problem, is the i.v. injection of magnetic particles [ferrofluids (FFs)] bound to anticancer agents that are then concentrated in the desired area (e.g., the tumor) by an external magnetic field. In the present study, we treated squamous cell carcinoma in rabbits with FFs bound to mitoxantrone (FF-MTX) that was concentrated with a magnetic field. Experimental VX-2 squamous cell carcinoma was implanted in the median portion of the hind limb of New Zealand White rabbits (n = 26). When the tumor had reached a volume of approximately 3500 mm3, FF-MTX was injected intraarterially (i.a.; femoral artery) or i.v. (ear vein), whereas an external magnetic field was focused on the tumor. FF-MTX i.a. application with the external magnetic field resulted in a significant (P < 0.05), complete, and permanent remission of the squamous cell carcinoma compared with the control group (no treatment) and the i.v. FF-MTX group, with no signs of toxicity. The intratumoral accumulation of FFs was visualized both histologically and by magnetic resonance imaging. Thus, our data show that i.a. application of FF-MTX is successful in treating experimental squamous cell carcinoma. This "magnetic drug targeting" offers a unique opportunity to treat malignant tumors locoregionally without systemic toxicity. Furthermore, it may be possible to use these magnetic particles as a "carrier system" for a variety of anticancer agents, e.g., radionuclides, cancer-specific antibodies, and genes.
Mobile Phone TV Services Business Model Based on Value Co-creation

Mobile services system is an open integrated service system, which involves various actors, such as end users, service providers, mobile operators, content providers, device providers, application developers, standard providers, the government and so on, all actors coordinate, compete, cooperate and co-create value. How to figure out a practical business model is a great puzzle to most service providers. This paper propose co-creation value is the core factors in the design of business model, and analyzes the characteristics of the mobile phone TV service and the influence factors on mobile phone TV service value, proposed a business model for it based on value co-creation theory. The model composes of five key modules, which is value creation, value proposition, value consumption, value capture, and value exchange. Finally, the paper takes China Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting (CMMB) as a example, analyzes it's success and problem according to value co-creation theory.
Controlled outgrowth of dissociated neurons on patterned substrates

The cytoarchitecture of nervous tissue is lost during the dissociation procedures used to form primary cell cultures. As a first step toward reestablishing an ordered arrangement of these cells in vitro, we developed a set of procedures for patterning the outgrowth of cells cultured on 2-dimensional substrates. These procedures used a combination of surface chemistry and photolithographic techniques. The adhesive properties of either silicon or silicon dioxide (quartz) surfaces were controlled by covalently binding small organic molecules to the surface with silane coupling agents. The attachment and growth of either embryonic mouse spinal cells or perinatal rat cerebellar cells were found to be promoted by binding certain amine derivatives to the surface. In particular, cells grown on surfaces bound with diamines and triamines, but not with monoamines, formed cultures whose morphology was similar to that of cells cultured on conventional substrates, i.e., glass coated with poly(D-lysine). The attachment of cells to a substrate was inhibited by binding alkane chains (e.g., n- tetradecane) to the surface and plating the cells in media containing 5– 10% (vol/vol) serum. Patterns of selected adhesivity were formed using photochemical resist materials and lithographic masking techniques compatible with the silane chemistry. Cultures of either spinal cord cells or cerebellar cells could be confined to square regions on the scale of 50 micron. Cerebellar cells could be confined to grow on lines with widths less than 10 micron. This width is comparable to the diameter of granule cell somata. The patterned growth of cerebellar cells was maintained up to 12 d in vitro. Over this time period the granule cells were observed to develop electrical excitability and immunoreactivity for neuron-specific enolase. Purkinje neurons also developed electrical excitability when grown on the chemically modified surfaces. Immunochemical reactivity of the patterned cultures for glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) showed that glia are patterned along with the associated granule cells. Interestingly, the GFAP-positive glia that proliferated on surfaces bound with amine derivatives attained primarily a tile-shaped, fibroblast-like morphology, while those proliferating on glass coated with poly(D-lysine) developed primarily a spindle-shaped, process-bearing morphology. Granule cells preferentially associated with the spindle-shaped glia.
Growth hormone secretion is impaired but not related to insulin sensitivity in non-obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to elucidate the relationship between growth hormone (GH) secretion and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. In order to exclude the influence of obesity on these parameters, only non-obese PCOS patients were studied. METHODS Eleven PCOS patients and 11 controls with a body mass index (BMI) </= 25 kg/m2 were studied. PCOS patients were studied on cycle day 14-15, controls on cycle day 5-9. GH secretion was determined by frequent sampling, from 20.00 h to 08.00 h. Insulin sensitivity was determined by a euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp and was expressed as the M-value. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels were determined once. RESULTS Pooled GH levels were significantly lower in PCOS patients than controls, as was GH pulse amplitude. The number of GH pulses was not different between PCOS patients and controls. The M-value was significantly lower in PCOS patients, although a wide overlap between patients and controls was present. IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were not different between the groups. There was no correlation between the M-value and pooled GH or IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels. CONCLUSION Non-obese patients with PCOS have impaired GH secretion and some but not all have impaired insulin sensitivity. These findings indicate that these patients may also be at risk for cardiovascular diseases and/or diabetes mellitus.
Role of Depression in Quality of Life for Patients with Psoriasis

Background: It has been proposed that depression plays a role in how psoriasis affects quality of life. However, primary data are limited. Objective: To investigate the role depression plays in how patients experience psoriasis. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted between January and May 2005. Recruitment of 265 adults with prevalent psoriasis through Internet advertisements. Standardized assessment of depressive symptoms, health-related quality of life (HRQL), illness-related stress, and clinical severity of psoriasis using validated scales. Results: Thirty-two percent of all participants screened positive for depression. We observed a graded relationship between depressive symptoms and HRQL impairment (p < 0.001). Only 16.5% of those with high depression scores were currently treated for depression. Both dissatisfaction with antipsoriatic treatment and illness-related stress were highly associated with depression. After adjustment for HRQL, patients with more severe psoriasis were less likely depressed, although this association failed to reach statistical significance (multiadjusted odds ratio 0.37; 95% CI 0.13–1.02; p = 0.06). Conclusion: Patients with high subjective distress and low objective measures of psoriasis should be evaluated for depression.
SUPPRESSION OF ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS IN RATS BY MEANS OF ANTIBRAIN SERUM

Rats regularly develop evidence of allergic encephalomyelitis (AE) 2 to 3 weeks following sensitization to nervous tissue plus adjuvant. Independent of the severity of AE which occurs, gradual recovery is the rule and by the 6th to 9th week after sensitization rats appear clinically well and microscopic lesions of AE have virtually disappeared. Pooled serum collected from rats 3 or 6 weeks after sensitization contains complement-fixing (CF) antibrain antibodies. Such pooled serum exerts a striking suppressive influence on development of AE when passively administered to rats actively sensitized to nervous tissue. Serum pools which contain CF antibrain antibody suppress the disease. Serum pools lacking CF antibody do not suppress the disease. Serum containing CF antibrain antibody after treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol no longer fixes complement with brain antigen in vitro and no longer suppresses AE in vivo. The data suggest that transfer of protection against AE by passively administered antibrain rat serum is due to an antibrain antibody, possibly the CF antibodies. The meaning of these findings is discussed in terms of the role(s) of circulating antibrain antibody in the pathogenesis of AE.