Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tough Love for Underserved Youth: A Comparison of More and Less Effective Coaching

The following study explored coaching behaviors and youth coaches’ justifications for their actions by comparing more effective and less effective coaches from an underserved setting. Reasons for their coaching behaviors were also explored. In-depth interviews and ethnographic observations were conducted with 12 coaches from 6 different youth sports. Support for each theme from the analysis was compared between the 6 more effective and 6 less effective coaches. Less effective coaches tried to create a sense of family within the team, but used very negative, militaristic coaching strategies that were not developmentally appropriate. Less effective coaches justified the negative approach because of the perceived dangers in the inner city and attempted to toughen their players through harsher methods. More effective coaches challenged players while being supportive, attempted to develop close relationships along with a positive team climate, and promoted autonomy and the transfer of life skills from sport to.
Does the birth of a first child reduce the father's offending?

A little investigated correlate of persistence and desistance is the effect of parenthood. Research suggests that for females particularly, parenthood plays an important role but the evidence for males is mixed. Yet, prior studies have not considered potential selection effects. This paper seeks to overcome this limitation by examining the effects of having a child on offending using propensity score matching, with data from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, a longitudinal study of 411 South London males followed since childhood. Findings indicate that, while there are reductions in offending from several years before the child’s birth to several years after the child’s birth, the effects are not large. Further analyses examining ‘shotgun’ marriages show that reductions in offending are larger than for non-‘shotgun’ marriages. Also, if a man remains with the child for at least five years, then reductions in convictions are greater than when he does not.
Communicating Personal Goals: Consequences for Person Perception in the Work and Family Domains

Based on a set of three experimental studies (total N = 608), we examined how people appraise another person’s well-being and motivation in the work and family domains on the basis of knowledge of this other person’s goal system. Participants were introduced to the life situation of either a woman or a man belonging to a successful dual-career couple. This target person reported pursuing only work-related personal goals (work priority), only family-related personal goals (family priority) or both work- and family-related goals (balanced goal system). Participants were asked to appraise the target person’s life satisfaction as well as a number of work- and family-related attributes. Overall, as expected, target persons with a focus on work goals were perceived as higher on positive work-related attributes than the other groups, whereas the family-priority group was perceived as higher on positive family-related attributes. In addition, at least when judged by working adults, greater life satisfaction was a.
Interactions between Moniliformis (Acanthocephala) and Nippostrongylus (Nematoda) in the small intestine of laboratory rats

SUMMARY Rats harbouring a 35-day-old primary infection of Moniliformis dubius were inoculated with constant doses of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and 10 days later, after post mortem examination, rats with concurrent infections harboured significantly fewer Nippostrongylus than rats with single infections. Similar infections of Moniliformis were carried out, but with post mortem taking place on days 8,9, 12 and 14 of the Nippostrongylus infections. On days 8 and 9 of infection, rats with concurrent infections did not harbour significantly fewer Nippostrongylus compared with single infections. Both single and concurrent infections of 12-and 14-day-old Nippostrongylus were found to harbour lower numbers of worms. In the single infection this corresponds to the timing of the typical immune expulsion of a primary single infection which takes place on approximately day 12 of infection. The Moniliformis population was not significantly affected, in terms of numbers, dry weight and length, although each parasite population did show a slight shift in site in the presence of the other. A significant reduction in egg production by Nippostrongylus was detected throughout concurrent infection. The possible role of non-reciprocal cross-immunity is discussed as an explanation for the apparent early expulsion of the Nippostrongylus population in the presence of Moniliformis.
Forms and Effects of School-Based Management: A Review

Eighty-three empirical studies of school-based management (SBM) were examined in order to determine variations in the forms of SBM in practice and the effects of each variant on students and others involved in SBM implementation. Evidence from the review suggests that SBM takes at least four forms in practice: administrative control, professional control, community control, and equal control. The main features of each of these forms is outlined and especially instructive cases are used for purposes of illustration. Both positive and negative effects on students, teachers, and people in other relevant roles are reported. The review finds little evidence of positive effects on students.
Body mass index may overestimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the Inuit

Abstract Body mass index (BMI) is a widely used body weight classification system but has known limitations, and may need to be adjusted for sitting height in order to be useful as an indicator of health risks in special populations. Data confirm that Inuit and Far East Asians have shorter legs and relatively higher sitting heights compared with all other populations. Using standing height alone to calculate the BMI may overestimate the number of individuals that are overweight and obese, and at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease among the Inuit. Measuring sitting height allows for the calculation of a sitting height-to-standing height ratio (SH/S) which can be used to correct the observed BMI. Incorporating sitting height measurements into health research could help formulate Inuit-specific screening guidelines. (Int J Circumpolar Health 2005; 64(2):163–169)
Group Bitmap Index: A Structure for Association Rules Retrieval

Discovery of association rules from large databases of item sets is an important data mining problem. Association rules are usually stored in relational databases for future use in decision support systems. In this paper, the problem of association rules retrieval and item sets retrieval is recognized as the subset search problem in relational databases. The subset search is not well supported by SQL query language and traditional database indexing techniques. We introduce a new index structure, called Group Bitmap Index, and compare its performance with traditional indexing methods: B+ tree and bitmap indexes. We show experimentally that proposed index enables faster subset search and significantly outperforms traditional indexing methods.
Diagnosis of osteoporosis disease from bone X-ray images with stacked sparse autoencoder and SVM classifier

This paper focuses on the problem of osteoporosis disease diagnosis from bone X-ray images. The proposed approach takes advantage of the deep learning robustness to extract high-level features from low-level image (pixel intensities). However, the diagnosis of osteoporosis confronts two major challenges, the difficulty of distinguishing between osteoporosis and healthy subjects just from the visual inspection of bone X-ray images, and the need of a large-scale and small-size datasets for training the deep networks. In order to separate the Osteoporosis population (OP) from Control cases (CC) our proposed method performs a series of three consecutive steps, namely: 1) preprocessing to enhance the contrast of the image, 2) image subdivision with the sliding window operation and feature extraction with Staked Sparse Autoencoder (SSAE), 3) pooling operation followed by classification step using the SVM classifier. Experimental results indicate that a performance gain on classification of the two populations (OP and CC) was achieved.
The Influence of Cultural Values on Antecedents of Organisational Commitment: An Individual-Level Analysis

On s’est demande dans cette recherche si les valeurs culturelles que sont l’individualisme et le collectivisme evaluees au niveau individuel avaient un impact sur le poids des differents facteurs de l’implication organisationnelle. Il est apparu que la satisfaction due au travail et a l’avancement etait le determinant primaire de l’implication affective et normative des salaries qui adherent a l’individualisme. Pour ceux qui s’orientent ver des valeurs collectivistes, etre satisfait du superieur etait le facteur essentiel de l’implication, devant la satisfaction relative au travail et a la promotion. Des resultats analogues ont ete obtenus pour l’implication a long terme. Bien que certains des antecedents de l’implication organisationnelle soient commun aux deux groupes, l’orientation vers la tâche ou vers les relations varie avec les individus relevant d’orientations culturelles differentes. This study investigated whether cultural values of individualism and collectivism measured at the individual level influence the salience of different antecedents of organisational commitment. The findings indicated that satisfaction with work and promotion are the primary determinants of affective and normative commitment for employees who endorse individualist values. For employees with collectivist values, satisfaction with supervisor was found to be an important commitment antecedent over and above satisfaction with work and promotion. Similar results were obtained for continuance commitment. The results indicate that although some antecedents of organisational commitment are common across the two groups, the emphasis placed on task versus relationships differs across individuals with varying cultural orientations.
Resource-based View in Information Systems Research: A Meta-Analysis

Resource-based view is the theory that has been applied to analyze the impact of information technology on business performance. Its main argument is that competitive advantages are determined by the unique valuable resources controlled by an organization. IT as a valuable asset will have positive effect on firm performance. However, previous research on the issue is inconsistent. This paper reports a meta-analysis of 42 papers published in major journals in information systems. Our findings indicate that the capability mediated model is better than the direct effect model and the major impact of IT is on efficiency indicators.
Malware obfuscation measuring via evolutionary similarity

With prevailing of the malware, it is necessary to measure the malware obfuscation. We traced the system calls as the dynamic action of malware, and used evolutionary similarity to measure obfuscation. An algorithm, which uses sequence alignment as a way of arranging the sequences to identify similar regions, has been proposed to calculate the similarity. We used real-world malwares to test the resilience of our method. Our experiment has shown that our method has strong resilience against common obfuscation technologies.
A Robust Reputation System for Peer-to-Peer and Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Reputation systems can be tricked by the spread of false reputation ratings, be it false accusations or false praise. Simple solutions such as exclusively relying on one`s own direct observations have drawbacks, as they do not make use of all the information available. We propose a fully distributed reputation system that can cope with false disseminated information. In our approach, everyone maintains a reputation rating and a trust rating about everyone else that they care about. From time to time first-hand reputation information is exchanged with others
Introduction: Institutions and technical change in early Modern Europe

Although the Early Modern Age. was a period in which radical innovations were not particularly numerous, it was nonetheless marked by an increasingly widespread awareness of the central role of technical progress in economic growth. This is witnessed to by the increasing frequency with which treatises on technical subjects were published and, above all, by the adoption in many European states of laws and regulations intended to reward and protect innovations. Such awareness matured through different paths in the different European contexts, in accordance with these same laws and regulations, which were both cultural and economic, and which conditioned the spread of technical change. It was in fact a scenario in which a plurality of actors operated with faculties and prerogatives that could vary considerably according to geographical location and time: amongst these figures there were the authors of the treatises and their patrons, the guilds that ensured the handing down of knowledge from one generation to another, and the craftsmen who emigrated from one country to another, thus transferring their knowledge and skills, as well as the states that rewarded those who introduced new production processes or products, granting in the respective cases, brevets, privileges, monopolies or patents. The interaction of these figures and institutions created a series of more.
Converging Parallels

This paper examines the interface between semiotics and psychology, first from the historical point of view of their parallel developments originating in late 18th-century philosophy, then from the theoretical perspective of contemporary evolutionary thinking. Undifferentiated within the speculations of the French `Idéologues', such as Destutt de Tracy (1754-1836), semiotics and psychology progressively acquired distinct epistemological and institutional status with minimal mutual interactions. However, the emergence of cognitive psychology during the second half of the 20th century provided new theoretical grounds for a potential dialogue. As the Darwinian revolution eventually recast many problems common to both semiotics and psychology in evolutionary terms, it is argued that these two parallel approaches to the study of mind, symbolic behaviour and meaning are bound to merge in the foreseeable future. The example of a recent work by Terrence Deacon (1997) is cited in the conclusion of the paper as a symptom of this epistemological restructuration that is currently taking shape.
Endotoxemia, Immune Response to Periodontal Pathogens, and Systemic Inflammation Associate With Incident Cardiovascular Disease Events

Objective—In periodontitis, overgrowth of Gram-negative bacteria may cause endotoxemia and systemic inflammation leading to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We investigated in a prospective study the associations of serum endotoxin, antibodies to periodontal pathogens, and inflammation markers with the risk of incident CVD. Methods and Results—The FINRISK 1992 cohort of 6051 individuals was followed up for 10 years. We examined 185 incident CVD events and a control cohort of 320 individuals using a prospective case–cohort design. High antibody response to periodontal pathogens independently predicted incident CVD events with hazard ratios (HR, quartile 4 versus quartiles 1 to 3, 95% CI) of 1.87 (1.13 to 3.08). The subjects with a high antibody response and high CRP or interleukin (IL)-6 had multivariate-adjusted HRs of 3.01 (1.27 to 7.09) and 3.11 (1.42 to 6.83) compared with low-responders, respectively. The corresponding HRs for high endotoxin concentration were 1.82 (1.22 to 2.73, alone), 3.92 (1.99 to 7.74, with CRP), 3.54 (1.78 to 7.03, with IL-6), and 2.26 (1.13 to 4.52, with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-&agr;) after adjusting for age and gender. These associations were abolished after adjusting for serum lipids. High endotoxin/HDL ratio, however, had a multivariate-adjusted HR of 1.92 (1.19 to 3.08) for CVD events. Conclusions—Our results suggest that the exposure to periodontal pathogens or endotoxin induces systemic inflammation leading to increased risk for CVD.
Reliabilities of identifying positive selection by the branch-site and the site-prediction methods

Natural selection operating in protein-coding genes is often studied by examining the ratio (ω) of the rates of nonsynonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitution. The branch-site method (BSM) based on a likelihood ratio test is one of such tests to detect positive selection for a predetermined branch of a phylogenetic tree. However, because the number of nucleotide substitutions involved is often very small, we conducted a computer simulation to examine the reliability of BSM in comparison with the small-sample method (SSM) based on Fisher's exact test. The results indicate that BSM often generates false positives compared with SSM when the number of nucleotide substitutions is ≈80 or smaller. Because the ω value is also used for predicting positively selected sites, we examined the reliabilities of the site-prediction methods, using nucleotide sequence data for the dim-light and color vision genes in vertebrates. The results showed that the site-prediction methods have a low probability of identifying functional changes of amino acids experimentally determined and often falsely identify other sites where amino acid substitutions are unlikely to be important. This low rate of predictability occurs because most of the current statistical methods are designed to identify codon sites with high ω values, which may not have anything to do with functional changes. The codon sites showing functional changes generally do not show a high ω value. To understand adaptive evolution, some form of experimental confirmation is necessary.
Structure matérielle et contenu sémantique du texte écrit

Nous montrons dans cet article l’articulation de la structure materielle et du contenu semantique des documents textuels. Nous defendons l’idee que la caracterisation automatique du contenu textuel beneficierait d’une meilleure comprehension du role de la structure materielle et qu’il est d’autant plus pertinent de chercher a l’inclure dans des traitements automatiques que cette structure materielle est explicitee sous les formats qu’adoptent les textes concus pour des supports numeriques (par ex. html ou xml). Nous inscrivons notre recherche dans le cadre du Modele d’Architecture Textuelle, qui fournit un modele theorique pour la definition et l’analyse des objets textuels signales par des proprietes de mise en forme materielle. Nous nous focalisons plus particulierement sur l’analyse des fonctions d’un de ces objets textuels, les titres de section, et sur la facon de les exploiter pour un acces automatique au contenu du document.
Análisis de la economía de Puerto Rico con un modelo de vectores autorregresivos y cointegración.

This paper analyses the behaviour of the economy of Puerto Rico through a vector autorregresive and cointegration model. The obtained results point out that the economy of Puerto Rico has the general behaviour of an IS-LM model with market imperfections, which means that, for the economy of Puerto Rico, the rate of interest, the price index, the real production and the money supply of the United States maintain a long-run equilibrium relation. These variables could be used like a strategic axle for the construction of any macroeconometric model.
Urban Dreams of Migrants: A Case Study of Migrant Integration in Shanghai

Unprecedented human mobility has driven the rapid urbanization around the world. In China, the fraction of population dwelling in cities increased from 17.9% to 52.6% between 1978 and 2012. Such large-scale migration poses challenges for policymakers and important questions for researchers. To investigate the process of migrant integration, we employ a one-month complete dataset of telecommunication metadata in Shanghai with 54 million users and 698 million call logs. We find systematic differences between locals and migrants in their mobile communication networks and geographical locations. For instance, migrants have more diverse contacts and move around the city with a larger radius than locals after they settle down. By distinguishing new migrants (who recently moved to Shanghai) from settled migrants (who have been in Shanghai for a while), we demonstrate the integration process of new migrants in their first three weeks. Moreover, we formulate classification problems to predict whether a person is a migrant. Our classifier is able to achieve an F1-score of 0.82 when distinguishing settled migrants from locals, but it remains challenging to identify new migrants because of class imbalance. This classification setup holds promise for identifying new migrants who will successfully integrate into locals (new migrants that misclassified as locals).
A global approach to manipulability optimisation for a dual-arm manipulator

In this paper, we present a new approach to manipulability maximisation for a dual-arm manipulator, which takes into account the manipulability of the overall task. This method tries to overcome the drawbacks given by traditional approaches, which optimise the manipulability of the local configuration of the manipulator, but do not take into account the rest of the task, even though it is known a priori. In this way, it is possible to improve the average manipulability index over the task. The method is applied to a dual-arm system, wherein the task is expressed in terms of relative poses between the end-effectors. For this reason, the kinematic of the system is solved by means of the relative Jacobian.
Metalloproteinase Expression in Monocytes and Macrophages and its Relationship to Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) can degrade strength-giving collagens and other structural proteins of the arterial extracellular matrix. Overproduction of MMPs by monocyte/macrophages could therefore promote atherosclerotic plaque rupture and myocardial infarction. Freshly-recruited monocyte macrophages appear to use a prostaglandin (PG)-dependent pathway to coordinately upregulate a broad and potentially highly-destructive spectrum of MMPs. Differentiated macrophages rely on a series of distinct pathways to selectively upregulate groups of MMPs. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that different macrophage phenotypes express characteristically different spectra of MMPs and their inhibitors. New therapies may result from targeting matrix MMP overproduction.
RNA-Binding Proteins: A Lesson in Repression

Regulation of protein expression in neurons by controlling not only when, but where, mRNAs are translated is likely to play an important role in neuronal function. In this review I focus on the mRNA-binding proteins that control mRNA translation in neurons and how they may participate in local, synaptodendritic protein synthesis.