Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antioncogenic Effects of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 in the Progression of Transitional Urothelial Cancer of Human Bladder

The progression of normal cells to a tumorigenic and metastatic state involves the accumulation of mutations in multiple key signaling proteins, encoded by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Recently, members of the TRP channel family have been included in the oncogenic and tumor suppressor protein family. TRPM1, TRPM8, and TRPV6 are considered to be tumor suppressors and oncogenes in localized melanoma and prostate cancer, respectively. Herein, we focus our attention on the antioncogenic properties of TRPV1. Changes in TRPV1 expression occur during the development of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of human bladder. A progressive decrease in TRPV1 expression as the TCC stage increases triggers the development of a more aggressive gene phenotype and invasiveness. Finally, downregulation of TRPV1 represents a negative prognostic factor in TCC patients. The knowledge of the mechanism controlling TRPV1 expression might improve the diagnosis and new therapeutic strategies in bladder cancer.
The Middle Cerebral Artery Flow Velocities during Head-Up Tilt Testing in Diabetic Patients with Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction

Background: The goal of this study was to examine the effects of diabetes mellitus on the trend of mean arterial velocity (vm) in both middle cerebral arteries during head-up tilt (HUT). Methods: The study was performed in 20 patients, 9 females and 11 males (mean age 51 ± 12 years) with an average 17-year history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type I or II and a dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system confirmed by cardiocirculatory tests [Valsalva maneuver, deep breathing test, handgrip test, orthostatic test and spectral analysis of heart rate (HR) variability], and 19 age-matched healthy volunteers, 9 females and 10 males (mean age 48 ± 6.8 years). vm was measured by a transcranial Doppler monitoring system during a 5-min baseline period, followed by a 5-min HUT in the upright position (90°). Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), HR and end-tidal CO2 (Et-CO2) were monitored concomitantly. Results: In healthy volunteers, vm decreased stepwise during the first minute of HUT, reaching a minimum during the last 2 min of the test (vm: basal 63.0 ± 11.7 cm/s, 1st min 57.6 ± 12.2 cm/s, 2nd min 55.9 ± 12.6 cm/s, 3rd min 53.4 ± 12.6 cm/s, 4th min 52.1 ± 12.7 cm/s, 5th min 51.3 ± 13.5 cm/s). In the supine position, vm recovered and reached the resting vm values. It declined gradually during HUT and less steeply in diabetic (vm: basal 54.4 ± 10.1 cm/s, 1st min 51.96 ± 9.3 cm/s, 2nd min 50.7 ± 11.6 cm/s, 3rd min 50.5 ± 11.4 cm/s, 4th min 49.5 ± 10.7 cm/s, 5th min 48.8 ± 11.5 cm/s) than in healthy subjects. vm differed significantly (p = 0.00) between rest and HUT in both groups. The differences in MAP, HR and Et-CO2 during rest and HUT between the groups were not statistically significant (p ΔMAP = 0.36, p ΔHR = 0.86, p ΔEt-CO2 = 0.97). The results of the analysis of variance of vm for repeated measurements between the two groups of subjects were highly significant (p = 0.00). The model of linear regression analysis was significant (p = 0.007). Diabetes was significant in the model (p = 0.00), while ΔMAP, ΔHR and ΔEt-CO2 were not. Conclusions: These findings may indicate that vasomotor responses during HUT testing are decreased in diabetic patients.
Precursor flow rate manipulation for the controlled fabrication of twin-free GaAs nanowires on silicon substrates

Vertically oriented GaAs nanowires (NWs) are grown on Si(111) substrates using metal–organic chemical vapor deposition. Controlled epitaxial growth along the 〈111〉 direction is demonstrated following the deposition of thin GaAs buffer layers and the elimination of structural defects, such as twin defects and stacking faults, is found for high growth rates. By systematically manipulating the AsH3 (group-V) and TMGa (group-III) precursor flow rates, it is found that the TMGa flow rate has the most significant effect on the nanowire quality. After capping the minimal tapering and twin-free GaAs NWs with an AlGaAs shell, long exciton lifetimes (over 700 ps) are obtained for high TMGa flow rate samples. It is observed that the Ga adatom concentration significantly affects the growth of GaAs NWs, with a high concentration and rapid growth leading to desirable characteristics for optoelectronic nanowire device applications including improved morphology, crystal structure and optical performance.
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Peptide Phase Shifts Circadian Rhythms in a Manner Similar to Light

The endogenous circadian pacemaker in mammals is located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Various cues can reset circadian rhythm phase, thereby entraining the internal rhythm to the environmental cycle, and these effects can be investigated using anin vitro method to measure phase shifts of the SCN. Although pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) is localized in retinal inputs to the SCN, it has been reported to alter clock phase only during the subjective day (Hannibal et al., 1997), whereas light alters phase only in the subjective night. In this study we show that PACAP can reset the clock in the photic pattern during the subjective night when applied in 10 pm to 1 nmdoses. This appears to be mediated via a glutamatergic mechanism, possibly by potentiation of NMDA currents as is seen at 10–100 pm. Given at higher doses (>10 nm), PACAP shifts in the subjective day, apparently via activation of adenylate cyclase and increased intracellular cAMP. These results indicate dose and phase specificity of the effects of PACAP, and a new role as a transmitter in the retinohypothalamic tract.
Stable knockdown of Drp1 improves retinoic acid-BDNF-induced neuronal differentiation through global transcriptomic changes and results in reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 independently of DUSP1 and 6

Background: Dynamin-related protein Drp1 —a major mitochondrial fission protein— is widely distributed in the central nervous system and plays a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial dynamics, specifically mitochondrial fission and the organelle's shaping. Upregulated Drp1 function may contribute to the pathological progression of neurodegenerative diseases by dysregulating mitochondrial fission/ fusion. The study aims to investigate the effects of Drp1 on retinoic acid-BDNF-induced (RA-BDNF) neuronal differentiation and mitochondrial network reorganization in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Methods: We generated an SH-SY5Y cell line with stably depleted Drp1 (shDrp1). We applied RNA sequencing and analysis to study changes in gene expression upon stable Drp1 knockdown. We visualized the mitochondria by transmission electron microscopy and used high-content confocal imaging to characterize and analyze cell morphology changes and mitochondrial network reorganization during neuronal differentiation. Results: shDrp1 cells exhibited fused mitochondrial ultrastructure with perinuclear clustering. Stable knockdown of Drp1 resulted in the upregulation of genes involved in nervous system development. High content analysis showed improved neurite outgrowth, segmentation, and extremities in differentiated shDrp1 cells. Neuronal differentiation was associated with a significant reduction in ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation was independent of the dual specificity phosphatases DUSP1/6 in shDrp1 cells. Differentiated control underwent mitochondrial morphology remodeling, whereas differentiated shDrp1 cells retained the highly fused mitochondria and developed long, elongated structures. The shDrp1 cells responded to specific apoptotic stimuli like control in vitro, suggesting that Drp1 is not a prerequisite for apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, Drp1 downregulation reduced the formation of toxic mHtt aggregates in vitro. Discussion: Our results indicate that Drp1 silencing enhances RA-BDNF-induced neuronal differentiation by promoting transcriptional and mitochondrial network changes in undifferentiated cells. We also demonstrate that the suppression of Drp1 reduces toxic mHtt aggregate formation in vitro, suggesting protection against neurotoxicity. Thus, Drp1 may be an attractive target for further investigation in future strategies to combat neurodegenerative diseases.
INSTAGRAM SEBAGAI MEDIA SOSIALISASI PROGRAM UNGGULAN DAN KEGIATAN DI SMAN 1 PULAU PUNJUNG

: Instagram is one of the social media platforms that provides online image or video sharing services. Instagram provides a free, easy-to-operate, and easy-to-connect service with other social media. Given the large number of social media users, Instagram is also used as a promotional medium from various business agencies, private and government. In addition, this social media is also used to promote various excellent programs from an institution or educational institution. One of them is the @osissman1pulaupunjung account that uses Instagram to provide socialization about the school's superior programs and also other school activities to the community. This study aims to find out how to use Instagram as a socialization media for the flagship program of SMAN 1 Pulau Punjung on @osissman1pulaupunjung account. The concentration used is qualitative with the literature study method. The data sources obtained are primary and secondary data sources. Data collection techniques through case studies and wawncara. The results of the study showed that Instagram as a medium for socializing school superior programs, the
Schema Matching Revisited

Schema matching is fundamental in classical database application domains, such as data integration and data warehousing. In this talk, we survey and express our position with respect to three approaches that address schema matching. The first and oldest approach, that we call the syntactic approach, is to align two schemas based on syntactical hints, such attribute data types and naming (syntactical) similarities. This approach depends on the implicit assumption that syntactical proximity implies semantic similarity, which is often unwarranted. The second approach, that we call the semantic approach, uses semantic clues to generate hypotheses about schema alignments. Such approach is far more robust than the syntactic approach, but it seems to apply only when the schemas to be aligned are simple. The third and last approach, that we call the standards approach, is to select an appropriate standard, if one exists, to guide the design of the exported schema. If none exists, the designer should select fragments of upper level ontologies that cover the concepts pertaining to the application domain. If carefully applied, the standards approach would transform an intractable problem – schema matching – into a non-problem. XXII Simposio Brasileiro de Banco de Dados SBBD 2007
Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications New Lower Bounds for Orthogonal Drawings

An orthogonal drawing of a graph is an embedding of the graph in the two-dimensional grid such that edges are routed along grid-lines. In this paper we explore lower bounds for orthogonal graph drawings. We prove lower bounds on the number of bends and, when crossings are not allowed, also lower bounds on the size of the grid.
E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults : A Report of the Surgeon General

Effects of Aerosol Inhalation by the E‐Cigarette User 100 Dose and Effects of Inhaling Aerosolized Nicotine 100 Aerosolized Nicotine and Cardiovascular Function 101 Aerosolized Nicotine and Dependence 102 Effects of Nicotine in Youth Users 104 Nicotine Exposure from Maternal Nicotine Consumption: Prenatal and Postnatal Health Outcomes 108 Summary 113 Effects of the Inhalation of Aerosol Constituents Other than Nicotine 114 Aerosolized Nicotine‐Related Compounds 114 Aerosolized Solvents 115 Aerosolized Flavorants 115 Aerosolized Adulterants 116 Summary 117 Effects of Toxicants Produced During Aerosolization 118 Summary 119 Effects Not Involving Inhalation of Aerosol by the E‐Cigarette User 119 Health Effects Attributable to Explosions and Fires Caused by E‐Cigarettes 119 Health Effects Caused by Ingestion of E‐Cigarette Liquids 119 Secondhand Exposure to the Constituents of E‐Cigarette Aerosol 120 Exposure to Nonusers 120 Movement of E‐Cigarette Aerosol 121 Exposure to E‐Cigarette Aerosol and Considerations of Dose 121 Health Effects of Secondhand Exposure to E‐Cigarette Aerosols 122
Principal Component Analysis Enhanced with Bootstrapped Confidence Interval for the Classification of Parkinsonian Patients Using Gaussian Mixture Model and Gait Initiation Parameters

Parkinson’s disease is one of the major neurodegenerative diseases that affects the postural stability of patients, especially during gait initiation. There is actually an increasing demand for the development of new non-pharmacological tools that can easily classify healthy/affected patients as well as the degree of evolution of the disease. The experimental characterization of gait initiation (GI) is usually done through the simultaneous acquisition of about 20 variables, resulting in very large datasets. Dimension reduction tools are therefore suitable, considering the complexity of the physiological processes involved. The principal Component Analysis (PCA) is very powerful at reducing the dimensionality of large datasets and emphasizing correlations between variables. In this paper, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was enhanced with bootstrapping and applied to the study of the GI to identify the 3 majors sets of variables influencing the postural control disability of Parkinsonian patients during GI. We show that the combination of these methods can lead to a significant improvement in the unsupervised classification of healthy/affected patients using a Gaussian mixture model, since it leads to a reduced confidence interval on the estimated parameters. The benefits of this method for the identification and study of the efficiency of potential treatments is not addressed in this paper but could be addressed in future works.
Glioprotection of Retinal Astrocytes After Intravitreal Administration of Memantine in the Mouse Optic Nerve Crush Model

Background In glaucoma, non-intraocular pressure (IOP)-related risk factors can result in increased levels of extracellular glutamate, which triggers a cascade of neurodegeneration characterized by the excessive activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). The purpose of our study was to evaluate the glioprotective effects of memantine as a prototypic uncompetitive NMDA blocker on retinal astrocytes in the optic nerve crush (ONC) mouse model for glaucoma. Material/Methods Optic nerve crush was performed on all of the right eyes (n=8), whereas left eyes served as contralateral healthy controls (n=8) in Balb/c/Sca mice. Four randomly assigned mice received 2-μl intravitreal injections of memantine (1 mg/ml) after ONC in the experimental eye. One week after the experiment, optic nerves were dissected and stained with methylene blue. Retinae were detached from the sclera. The tissue was immunostained. Whole-mount retinae were investigated by fluorescent microscopy. Astrocyte counts for each image were performed manually. Results Histological sections of crushed optic nerves showed consistently moderate tissue damage in experimental groups. The mean number of astrocytes per image in the ONC group was significantly lower than in the healthy control group (7.13±1.5 and 10.47±1.9, respectively). Loss of astrocytes in the memantine-treated group was significantly lower (8.83±2.2) than in the ONC group. Assessment of inter-observer reliability showed excellent agreement among observations in control, ONC, and memantine groups. Conclusions The ONC is an effective method for investigation of astrocytic changes in mouse retina. Intravitreally administered memantine shows a promising glioprotective effect on mouse retinal astrocytes by preserving astrocyte count after ONC.
Identifying and classifying biomedical perturbations in text

Molecular perturbations provide a powerful toolset for biomedical researchers to scrutinize the contributions of individual molecules in biological systems. Perturbations qualify the context of experimental results and, despite their diversity, share properties in different dimensions in ways that can be formalized. We propose a formal framework to describe and classify perturbations that allows accumulation of knowledge in order to inform the process of biomedical scientific experimentation and target analysis. We apply this framework to develop a novel algorithm for automatic detection and characterization of perturbations in text and show its relevance in the study of gene–phenotype associations and protein–protein interactions in diabetes and cancer. Analyzing perturbations introduces a novel view of the multivariate landscape of biological systems.
Early indicators of prolonged intensive care unit stay: Impact of illness severity, physician staffing, and pre–intensive care unit length of stay

ObjectiveScoring systems that predict mortality do not necessarily predict prolonged length of stay or costs in the intensive care unit (ICU). Knowledge of characteristics predicting prolonged ICU stay would be helpful, particularly if some factors could be modified. Such factors might include process of care, including active involvement of full-time ICU physicians and length of hospital stay before ICU admission. DesignDemographic data, clinical diagnosis at ICU admission, Simplified Acute Physiology Score, and organizational characteristics were examined by logistic regression for their effect on ICU and hospital length of stay and weighted hospital days (WHD), a proxy for high cost of care. SettingA total of 34 ICUs at 27 hospitals participating in Project IMPACT during 1998. PatientsA total of 10,900 critically ill medical, surgical, and trauma patients qualifying for Simplified Acute Physiology Score assessment. InterventionsNone. ResultsOverall, 9.8% of patients had excess WHD, but the percentage varied by diagnosis. Factors predicting high WHD include Simplified Acute Physiology Score survival probability, age of 40 to 80 yrs, presence of infection or mechanical ventilation 24 hrs after admission, male sex, emergency surgery, trauma, presence of critical care fellows, and prolonged pre-ICU hospital stay. Mechanical ventilation at 24 hrs predicts high WHD across diagnostic categories, with a relative risk of between 2.4 and 12.9. Factors protecting against high WHD include do-not-resuscitate order at admission, presence of coma 24 hrs after admission, and active involvement of full-time ICU physicians. ConclusionsPatients with high WHD, and thus high costs, can be identified early. Severity of illness only partially explains high WHD. Age is less important as a predictor of high WHD than presence of infection or ventilator dependency at 24 hrs. Both long ward stays before ICU admission and lack of full-time ICU physician involvement in care increase the probability of long ICU stays. These latter two factors are potentially modifiable and deserve prospective study.
Effects of land‐use change and climate variability on streamflow in the Woken River basin in Northeast China

In this study, the soil and water assessment tool, which is a widely used hydrological model, is applied to study the response of streamflow to land‐use changes and climate variability in the Woken River basin in northeastern China. This model is calibrated and verified based on sensitivity analysis to simulate the effects of land‐use change, climate variability, and extreme land‐use scenarios on streamflow. Simulations are performed to construct different scenarios for quantitative analysis. Compared with the base period, the land‐use change reduced the annual average streamflow and had little effect on the monthly streamflow. Climate variability increased the average annual streamflow and had a substantial effect on monthly streamflow. The effect of climate variability on streamflow was much greater than that of land‐use changes. Under the extreme land‐use scenarios, the annual average streamflow under the forestland scenario decreased, and the average annual streamflow under the grassland and agricultural land scenarios increased. Both the forestland and grassland scenarios exhibited lower monthly streamflow from March to August with especially large influences in June–August, which was when floods were more likely to occur. The agricultural land scenario exhibited the opposite trend. These results indicate that climate variability will obviously change streamflow and that natural disasters related to both high and heavy precipitation must be emphasised. Relevant departments can optimize the land‐use structure and spatial layout to mitigate the negative effects of climate variability.
Light-driven increase in carbon yield is linked to maintenance in the proteorhodopsin-containing Photobacterium angustum S14

A type of photoheterotrophic bacteria contain a transmembrane light-driven proton pump called proteorhodopsins (PRs). Due to the prevalence of these organisms in the upper water column of the World’s Ocean, and their potential for light-driven ATP generation, they have been suggested to significantly influence energy and matter flows in the biosphere. To date, evidence for the significance of the light-driven metabolism of PR-containing prokaryotes has been obtained by comparing growth in batch culture, under light versus dark conditions, and it appears that responses to light are linked to unfavorable conditions, which so far have not been well parameterized. We studied light responses to carbon yields of the PR-containing Photobacterium angustum S14 using continuous culture conditions and light–dark cycles. We observed significant effects of light–dark cycles compared to dark controls, as well as significant differences between samples after 12 h illumination versus 12 h darkness. However, these effects were only observed under higher cell counts and lower pH associated with higher substrate concentrations. Under these substrate levels Pirt’s maintenance coefficient was higher when compared to lower substrate dark controls, and decreased under light–dark cycles. It appears that light responses by P. angustum S14 are induced by the energetic status of the cells rather than by low substrate concentrations.
Relationship between Obesity and Korean and Mediterranean Dietary Patterns: A Review of the Literature

Obesity is a well-known risk factor for various chronic diseases. Among the various risk factors for obesity, diet is one of the most modifiable. This study aimed to review current research on the association between obesity and the Korean diet compared with the Mediterranean diet. An electronic literature search was conducted using Medline and Embase. Totals of 10 and 17 studies were included in this review for the Korean dietary pattern (KDP) and the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP), respectively. These studies mainly applied factor analysis for the KDP and index analysis for the MDP. Only one of 10 KDP articles reported a significant inverse association with obesity, while most MDP studies showed a preventive association with obesity. There are a limited number of KDP studies compared with MDP studies, and the methods of deriving the dietary patterns are different between the KDP and MDP. To produce more conclusive evidence on the association between the KDP and obesity, well-designed and controlled trials or large prospective cohort studies are needed.