Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Retrieval of mixed layer height (MLH) from lidar using analytical methods and estimation of MLH growth rates over a tropical site Gadanki

A single channel elastic-backscatter lidar system was developed in-house at National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, an institution under Department of Space and Government of India, for studies on boundary layer dynamics during convective periods. The developed lidar system operates at the second harmonic wavelength of Nd: YAG laser and uses biaxial configuration. The lidar system utilizes a mini PMT for detecting laser returns from the atmosphere and operates in the analogue mode of data acquisition. The analogue recorder operates at 20 MHz sampling and uses a 12 bit A to D converter. The lidar system capable to operate at a maximum vertical resolution 7.5 m and 1-sec time sampling. However, in the present study, the lidar was operated with 30 m vertical resolution and 30-sec time sampling to understand the boundary layer dynamics during convective periods. The lidar measurements conducted between January and March 2014 were used in the present study. The laser backscatters obtained at 532 nm wavelength were corrected for noise and range before application of above mentioned analytical methods. This study presents evaluation of mixed layer height (MLH) from lidar using different analytical methods such as gradient, variance and wavelet techniques and presentation of inter-comparison between methods to achieve suitable method for assessment of MLH. The estimated MLH is then compared with the simultaneous radiosonde observations and empirical model values. We computed the MLH growth rates and observed that a significant enhancement was seen during the transition from winter to pre-monsoon period which could be attributed to increased convective activity over the tropical site. We present the lidar measurements and discuss the MLH retrieval and growth rates over Gadanki using lidar measurements.
Monitoring on Land Cover Dynamics of Hunshandake Sandland by Remote Sensing

The remote sensing images in 1980s,1990s and 2002 were interpreted to study the dynamics of land cover in Hushandake Sandland by methods of statistics and comparison.It was disclosed that(1)there is a evident degrading tendency of land cover in Hushandake Sandland,and there are two seriously damaged regions distributed respectively in the eastern and western parts of Hushandake Sandland;(2)the boundary of Hushandake Sandland haven't extended evidently because there are wetland and bush circles around the sandland,and human activity is not strong enough to make such change,as well as the present climate is better than that at the time the sandland being formed;(3)the desertification tendency of Hushandake Sandland has been controlled at some degree in recent years.
Circulating Tumour DNA as Biomarker for Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is a potential biomarker that could contribute to more judicious patient selection for personalised treatment. This review and meta-analysis gives an overview of the current knowledge in the literature investigating the value of ctDNA in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases for studies published prior to the 26th of May 2023. Studies investigating the association between ctDNA and oncological outcomes in patients undergoing curative-intent local therapy for CRLM were included. Meta-analyses were performed to pool hazard ratios (HR) for the recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). A total of eleven studies were included and nine were eligible for meta-analyses. Patients with detectable ctDNA after surgery experienced a significantly higher chance of recurrence (HR 3.12, 95% CI 2.27–4.28, p < 0.000010) and shorter OS (HR 5.04, 95% CI 2.53–10.04, p < 0.00001) compared to patients without detectable ctDNA. A similar association for recurrence was found in patients with detectable ctDNA after the completion of adjuvant therapy (HR 6.39, 95% CI 2.13–19.17, p < 0.0009). The meta-analyses revealed no association between detectable ctDNA before surgery and the RFS and OS. These meta-analyses demonstrate the strong association between detectable ctDNA after treatment and oncological outcomes in CRLM patients.
Myocardial Infarction Following Vaccination Against COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Context: Several reports have been presented regarding the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction following vaccination against COVID-19. Objectives: The current systemic review tried to review and summarize the published evidence and documents regarding the occurrence of myocardial infarction following various types of anti-COVID-19 vaccines (AstraZeneca and Pfizer) and, finally, take steps to clarify the causes of such incidents. Methods: The relevant databases, including Medline, Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane, were comprehensively searched by the two blinded researchers for all eligible studies based on the considered keywords. Of 76 articles initially collected by database searching, 20 articles were included in the last analysis. Results: The occurrence of acute myocardial infarction was mostly related to SARS-CoV-2-based messenger RNA and viral vector vaccines. This cardiac attack occurred after the first vaccination in 74% of patients affected. The time of occurrence of myocardial infarction was also very different between different types of vaccines and varied between 15 minutes and 21 days after vaccination. Most of the myocardial infarctions that occurred after vaccination were of the ST-segment elevation type (STEMI) (23 of 28 patients). More than two-thirds of myocardial infarction cases occurred in patients who had significant cardiovascular risk profiles (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease). Overall, 22.2% of cases suffering post-vaccination myocardial infarction died within hospitalization. Conclusions: The occurrence of myocardial infarction following the vaccination against COVID-19 is rare, and due to the fatality of this event, it is necessary to modify the biotechnological production of existing vaccines and to accurately evaluate the pathophysiology of this event.
Physicochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Five Gari Processed from Cassava Roots (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Harvested at Two Different Maturity Stages and Two Seasons

Gari is a partially gelatinized roasted fermented granular white or yellowish product made from storage roots of cassava. It is consumed as fast foods in many countries across the world. Physicochemical composition, particle size, colour, and antioxidant activities of five gari (92/0326, 96/1414, IRAD4115, EN, and AD) processed from fresh storage roots harvested at 12 months after planting (MAP) and 15MAP compared to four (4) commercial gari (M1, M2, M3, and M4) were evaluated. The analytical results revealed that colour value b∗ and particle size varied significantly (p < 0.05) among the gari samples. Bound flavonoid contents were lower than free flavonoids (3.93 to 10.50 mgQE/100 g and 2.40 to 8.85 mgQE/100 g, respectively). Fourier transform infrared confirmed the functional groups in all gari samples. The antioxidant activity of the bound phenolics showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher DPPH scavenging ability than free phenolics (gari M2: 2.70 μgTE/g). Similarly, the bound phenolics showed significant (p < 0.05) variation of HRSA scavenging activity (0.18-35.09 μgTE/g). However, the best HRSA scavenging activity was found with bound phenolics of gari 96/1414, whereas HRSA scavenging activity was not detected in gari 92/0326, 96/1414, and AD. The value of ABTS scavenging activity of gari varied significantly (p < 0.05) from 20.60 to 30.17 μgTE/g and from 20.70 to 34.39 for free and bound phenolics, respectively, while free phenolics showed higher FRAP value (7.97 mgTE/g) than the bound phenolics (4.59 mgTE/g). Additionally, phenolics and antioxidant activities showed significantly (p < 0.05) a positive correlation. The present study has provided an insight into the physicochemical composition, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activities of various gari processed at different season and maturity period of harvesting. It reveals that consumers of cassava gari can get health benefits apart from the nutritional values.
Bathymetric mapping by means of remote sensing: methods, accuracy and limitations

Bathymetry has been traditionally charted via shipboard echo sounding. Alhough able to generate accurate depth measurements at points or along transects, this method is constrained by its high operating cost, inefficiency, and inapplicability to shallow waters. By comparison, remote sensing methods offer more flexible, efficient and cost-effective means of mapping bathymetry over broad areas. Remote sensing of bathymetry falls into two broad categories: non-imaging and imaging methods. The non-imaging method (as typified by LiDAR) is able to produce accurate bathymetric information over clear waters at a depth up to 70 m. However, this method is limited by the coarse bathymetric sampling interval and high cost. The imaging method can be implemented either analytically or empirically, or by a combination of both. Analytical or semi-analytical implementation is based on the manner of light transmission in water. It requires inputs of a number of parameters related to the properties of the atmosphere, water column, and bottom material. Thus, it is rather complex and difficult to use. By comparison, empirical implementation is much simpler and requires the input of fewer parameters. Both implementations can produce fine-detailed bathymetric maps over extensive turbid coastal and inland lake waters quickly, even though concurrent depth samples are essential. The detectable depth is usually limited to 20 m. The accuracy of the retrieved bathymetry varies with water depth, with the accuracy substantially lower at a depth beyond 12 m. Other influential factors include water turbidity and bottom materials, as well as image properties.
Cross Container Attacks: The Bewildered eBPF on Clouds

The extended Berkeley Packet Filter (eBPF) provides powerful and flexible kernel interfaces to extend the kernel functions for user space programs via running bytecode directly in the kernel space. It has been widely used by cloud services to enhance container security, network management, and system observability. However, we discover that the offensive eBPF that has been extensively discussed in Linux hosts can bring new attack surfaces to containers. With eBPF tracing features, attackers can break the container’s isolation and attack the host, e.g., steal sensitive data, DoS, and even escape the container. In this paper, we study the eBPF-based cross container attacks and reveal their security impacts in real world services. With eBPF attacks, we successfully compromise five online Jupyter/Interactive Shell services and the Cloud Shell of Google Cloud Platform. Furthermore, we find that the Kubernetes services offered by three leading cloud vendors can be exploited to launch cross-node attacks after the attackers escape the container via eBPF. Specifically, in Al-ibaba’s Kubernetes services, attackers can compromise the whole cluster by abusing their over-privileged cloud metrics or management Pods. Unfortunately, the eBPF attacks on containers are seldom known and can hardly be discovered by existing intrusion detection systems. Also, the existing eBPF permission model cannot confine the eBPF and ensure secure usage in shared-kernel container environments. To this end, we propose a new eBPF permission model to counter the eBPF attacks in containers.
A method to determine plant water source using transpired water

A method to determine the stable isotope ratio of a plant's water source using the plant's transpired water is proposed as an alternative to standard xylem extraction methods. The method consists of periodically sampling transpired waters from shoots or leaves enclosed in sealed, transparent bags which create a saturated environment, preclude further evaporation and allow the progressive mixing of evaporated transpired water and un-evaporated xylem water. The method was applied on trees and shrubs coexisting in a non-irrigated area where stable isotope ratios of local environmental waters are well characterized. The results show Eucalyptus globulus (tree) and Genista monspessulana (shrub) using water sources of different isotopic ratios congruent with groundwater and soil water respectively. In addition, tritium concentrations indicate that pine trees (Pinus sylvestris) switch water source from soil water in the winter to groundwater in the summer. The method proposed is particularly useful in remote or protected areas and in large scale studies related to water management, environmental compliance and surveillance, because it eliminates the need for destructive sampling and greatly reduces costs associated with laboratory extraction of xylem waters from plant tissues for isotopic analyses.
Hyperspectral Imaging System for Identification of Fecal and Ingesta Contamination on Poultry Carcasses

A method and system for detecting fecal and ingesta contaminates were demonstrated. A visible / near infrared monochromator, which measured reflectance, and principal component analysis were first used to identify key wavelengths from fecal and uncontaminated skin samples. Measurements at 434, 517, 565, and 628 nm were identified and used for evaluation with a hyperspectral imaging system. The hyperspectral imaging system, which was a line-scan (pushbroom) imaging system, consisted of a hyperspectral camera, fiber-optic line lights, a computer, and frame grabber. The hyperspectral imaging camera consisted of a high resolution CCD camera, a prism-grating-prism spectrograph, focusing lens, associated optical hardware, and a motorized controller. The imaging system operated from about 400 to 900 nm. The hyperspectral imaging system was calibrated for wavelength, distance, and percent reflectance, and analysis of calibrated images at the key wavelengths indicated that single-wavelength images were inadequate for detecting contaminates. However, a ratio of images at two of the key wavelengths was able to identify fecal and ingesta contaminates. Specifically, the ratio of the 565-nm image divided by the 517-nm image produced good results. The ratio image was then further processed by masking the background and enhancing the image contrast with a nonlinear-histogram stretch. The results indicated that, for the limited sample population, 100% of contaminates were detected. Thus, the hyperspectral imaging system was able to detect contaminates and showed feasibility, but was too slow for real-time on-line processing. Therefore, a multivariate system operating at 565 and 517 nm, which should be capable of operating at real-time on-line processing speed, should be used. Further research with such a system needs to be conducted.
Application of multimodal perception scenario construction based on IoT technology in university music teaching

In the contemporary landscape of diversified talent cultivation, enhancing education through intelligent means and expediting the process of talent development stand as paramount pursuits. Within the domain of instrumental music education, beyond merely listening to student performances, it becomes imperative to assess their movements, thus furnishing additional insights to fuel their subsequent growth. This article introduces a novel multimodal information fusion evaluation approach, combining sound information and movement data to address the challenge of evaluating students’ learning status in college music instruction. The proposed framework leverages Internet of Things (IoT) technology, utilizing strategically positioned microphones and cameras within the local area network to accomplish data acquisition. Sound feature extraction is accomplished through the employment of Mel-scale frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), while the OpenPose framework in deep learning and convolutional neural networks (CNN) is harnessed to extract action features during students’ performances. Subsequently, the fusion of feature layers is achieved through CNN, culminating in the evaluation of students’ academic efficacy, facilitated by a fully connected network (FCN) and an activation function. In comparison to evaluations conducted by the teacher in the class, this approach achieves an impressive accuracy of 95.7% across the three categories of Excellent, Good, and Failed students’ evaluation processes. This breakthrough offers novel insights for the future of music teaching and interactive class evaluations while expanding the horizons of multimodal information fusion methods’ applications.
Evaluation of species properties used in weed risk assessment and improvement of systems for invasion risk assessment

The weed risk assessment (WRA) system is used in Australia for plant species. Results of applying such weed risk assessment in Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands, Japan were analysed to evaluate the effectiveness of the species properties considered. In addition, a comparison was carried out of various risk assessment systems, such as WRA, weight estimation by linear regression, logistic regression and decision tree analysis, with the aim of improving the systems used for risk assessment. Among species properties considered in WRA, history of naturalisation (establishing self-perpetuating population in regional vegetation) was the most important property, whereas many biological traits did not contribute effectively. A better result was obtained with a risk assessment system based on four groups of variables: 1) naturalisation elsewhere, 2) special biological traits, such as natural enemies, 3) weediness, 4) habitat specific ecological properties (for forests and for disturbed land). In the short term, the "biogeography and history" components of traditional WRA may provide the best system, although the threshold value for acceptance and rejection needs to be determined. In the slightly longer term, the regression model with grouped variables proposed in this paper is another candidate, although this should be tested with additional data.
Beliefs and Attitudes in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. A Systematic Review

-Introduction: The purpose of this research is to review systematic review of the most significant studies on the belief system and attitudes of pregnant women diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus Gestational (GDM) within the framework of the psychosocial dimensions of this condition. Materials and methods: A systematic review based on the PRISMA methodology in PubMed/Medline, Scielo, Hindawi, Springer Link and BMC Medicine and inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined. Results: 207 papers were found to whom the abstract was reviewed after duplicates were discarded, leaving 180 articles, to which the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and 28 articles were selected at the end that provided relevant information for the objectives of the study. study. Results found allow us to infer the presence of a belief system around the consequences of gestational diabetes for pregnant women and their babies.
Transcriptome-wide map of m6A circRNAs identi�ed in a rat model of hypoxia mediated pulmonary hypertension

Background: Hypoxia mediated pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a lethal disease and lacks effective therapy. CircRNAs play signi�cant roles in physiological process. Recently, circRNAs are found to be m 6 A-modied. The abundance of circRNAs was in�uenced by m 6 A. Furthermore, the signi�cance of m 6 A circRNAs has not been elucidated in HPH yet. Here we aim to investigate the transcriptome-wide map of m 6 A circRNAs in HPH. Results: Differentially expressed m 6 A abundance was detected in lungs of HPH rats. M 6 A abundance in circRNAs was signi�cantly reduced in hypoxia in vitro . M 6 A circRNAs were mainly from protein-coding genes spanned single exons in control and HPH groups. Moreover, m 6 A in�uenced the circRNA–miRNA–mRNA co-expression network in hypoxia. M 6 A circXpo6 and m 6 A circTmtc3 were �rstly identi�ed to be downregulated in HPH. Conclusion: Our study �rstly identi�ed the transcriptome-wide map of m 6 A circRNAs in HPH. M 6 A can in�uence circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network. Furthermore, we �rstly identi�ed two HPH-associated m 6 A circRNAs: circXpo6 and circTmtc3. However, the clinical signi�cance of m 6 A circRNAs for HPH should be further validated.
A Low-Profile, Electrically Small Ferrite Core-Loaded Grounded Split Ring Resonator Antenna for Military VHF/UHF Communication

This study proposes a low-profile, electrically small military VHF/UHF communication ferrite-loaded antenna for an integrated mast (IM). We realized a relatively lighter weight antenna that is advantageous for IM mounting by utilizing a minimum number of ferrite cores. The proposed antenna is in the form of a ferrite-loaded split ring resonator-shaped grounded loop structure that exhibits exceptional radiation performance at an electrically small size. The size of the proposed antenna with the assembled housing for IM mounting is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$970\times 429\times47.5$ </tex-math></inline-formula> [mm3], representing a very small electrical size ka of 0.34 with respect to the lowest operating frequency of 30.4 MHz, with a criterion VSWR of less than 3. The entire profile is extremely thin as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.005\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The minimum measured realized gain is -14.5 dBi, indicating an upward trend along the matched frequency of up to 500 MHz.
Management of Orthodontic-Induced Gingival Enlargement: A Case Report

The aetiology of gingival enlargement (GE) is highly distinct. Plaque-induced gingival inflammation can be the sole reason for gingival enlargement. Poor dental hygiene, irritation from anatomical variations, and ineffective restorative and orthodontic appliances are all factors that encourage the formation and retention of plaque. In the given case report, a case of gingival enlargement associated with an orthodontic appliance of a 23-year-old female patient referred from the Department of Orthodontics was reported to the Department of Periodontics. Under local anaesthesia, the excess gingival tissue is removed using a scalpel by gingivectomy and gingivoplasty procedures. The gingivectomy and gingivoplasty procedures using a scalpel gave the best results in the orthodontic treatment associated with gingival enlargement. After achieving hemostasis, the periopack (Coe-pack) was placed to assist healing by protecting the tissue. The above case report can appreciate the gingival tissue covering almost half of the crown, causing plaque retention and presenting the patient with aesthetic concerns. After the surgical procedure, a proper gingival contour eliminates suprabony pockets and provides pleasant esthetics. This case report demonstrates that eliminating the suprabony pockets by gingivectomy and gingivoplasty leads to a physiologic gingival contour and eliminates plaque retention. The conventional scalpel gingivectomy procedure is an effective form of treatment when indicated.