Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Socio-Pragmatic Study of Bani Hasan Tribe’s Proverbs and Dialectical Expressions in Jordan

The Arabic dialects have a specific linguistic repertoire, cultural singularity and social privacy. The dialect is only understood by the people who daily use it. This study aims at shedding light on the proverbs and dialectical expressions used by Bani Hasan tribe (بني حسن) in Jordan. The primary aims were to investigate the Illocutionary force of the targeted proverbs and linguistic expressions based on speech acts theoretical framework. The data were collected from various individuals who represent the whole 13 clans of this tribe. The investigated data consist of 14 proverbs and 59 expressions. Findings showed that this tribe has some unique proverbs and lexemes. The illocutionary force of the proverbs are provided and well as the meaning and the pronunciation of the frequent idiomatic colloquial expressions were discussed. Analysis revealed that most of the proverbs have the pragmatic functions of giving advice and criticism. Findings could help others to have more knowledge about the lexicon of this tribe which helps to enforce the social bonds among the tribes of the Jordanian society.
The kinetics of isotonic and hypertonic resuscitation fluids is dependent on the sizes of the body fluid volumes

Background and Aims: The extracellular and intracellular fluid volumes (ECV and ICV) vary not only with age, gender, and body weight but also with the habitual intake of water. The present study examines whether the baseline variations in the ECV and ICV change the distribution and elimination of subsequently given infusion fluids. Material and Methods: Twenty healthy male volunteers underwent 50 infusion experiments with crystalloid fluid for which the fluid volume kinetics was calculated based on frequent measurements of the hemodilution using mixed-effects modeling software. The results were compared with the ECV and ICV measured with multifrequency bioimpedance analysis before each infusion started. The fluids were given over 30 minutes and comprised 25 mL/kg Ringer’s acetate (N = 20), Ringer’s lactate, 5 mL/kg 7.5% saline, and 3 mL/kg 7.5% saline in 6% dextran 70 (these fluids, N = 10). Results: A large ICV was associated with a small extravascular accumulation of infused fluid, which increased the plasma volume expansion and the urinary excretion. With hypertonic fluid, a large ECV greatly accelerated urinary excretion. The body weight did not serve as a covariate in the kinetic models. Albumin was recruited to the plasma during infusion of both types of fluid. The hypertonic fluids served as diuretics. The infused excess sodium and osmolality were distributed over a 35% larger space than the sum of the ECV and ICV. Conclusion: A large ICV reduced the rate of distribution of Ringer’s solution, whereas a large ECV accelerated the excretion of hypertonic saline.
Partial Monte Carlo sampling for computer generated holograms

CGH is considered as the key technology to integrate synthetic 3D imaging to get best photo‐realistic rendering quality and optimum viewing experience. We present a partial Monte Carlo sampling algorithm that uses a random subset of rays for the calculation of the CGH, reducing the computational cost. The similarity of the images obtained from the CGH with respect to the original one is evaluated as a function of the image resolution and the percentage of rays used. The results obtained are presented for both simulation and experimental set‐up.
Circular Economy Development in the Wood Construction Sector in Finland

Circular economy development is about a system level change towards enhanced sustainability and circularity covering both biological and technical cycles. This study aimed at exploring, identifying, analyzing and synthesizing the current state of and future outlook on CE development in the wood construction sector in Finland as perceived by various sectoral companies. This study focused on multiple themes related to the importance of the various aspects of a CE and associated approaches in this particular sector. This study applied a qualitative research approach, and a questionnaire survey was the specific method. The survey was sent to both architectural and construction sector companies. This study addressed a gap in research and contributes to the better understanding of the current state of and future outlook on CE development in the wood construction sector. The results indicate that the CE concept is mostly considered to be an important part of building design and construction. However, some respondents found that this concept is new to them. Interestingly, the cascading use of wood and the assessment and measurement of a CE were not at all familiar to many respondents. Particularly important CE aspects in the wood construction sector include, for example, sustainability and the long life cycles of products, components and materials; co-creation and cooperation covering the whole life cycle of construction and the whole supply chain; training and competence development; and design for a CE, sustainability and long life cycles. Many essential elements of a CE were in use, coming into use or in consideration by many of the sectoral companies.
Twisted superfluid phase in the extended one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model

In one-dimensional systems a twisted superfluid phase is found which is induced by a spontaneous breaking of the time-reversal symmetry. Using the density-matrix renormalization group allows us to show that the excitation energy gap closes exponentially causing a quasi-degenerate ground state. The two degenerate ground states are connected by the time-reversal symmetry which manifests itself in an alternating complex phase of the long-range correlation function. The quantum phase transition to the twisted superfluid is driven by pair tunneling processes in an extended Bose-Hubbard model. The phase boundaries of several other phases are discussed including a supersolid, a pair superfluid, and a pair supersolid phase as well as a highly unconventional Mott insulator with a degenerate ground state and a staggered pair correlation function.
Assessing Water Security Through a Set of Consistent Metrics and Application to Water Funds in Latin America

This paper provides an overview of existing methodological approaches to assess water security in Latin America through a set of quantifiable metrics. A framework to develop these water security metrics is proposed based on a literature review of existing approaches and sources of data that can be mined to quantify these metrics. As a case study application, the proposed water security metrics framework is applied to a group of sites within the Latin America Water Funds Partnership to understand its applicability, challenges in implementation, help identify information gaps, and provide an initial assessment of water security in the region. One important aspect that this metrics framework intends to capture is the multi-sectoral nature of water security. The five metrics proposed in this work cover water scarcity (balance between physical supply and total demand), household water security (domestic demand met), economic water security (sectoral demand met), environmental water
How to Make the Perfect Fireworks Display: Two Strategies for Hanabi

Summary The game of Hanabi is a multiplayer cooperative card game that has many similarities to a mathematical “hat guessing game. ” In Hanabi, a player does not see the cards in her own hand and must rely on the actions of the other players to determine information about her cards. This article presents two strategies for Hanabi. These strategies use different encoding schemes, based on ideas from network coding, to efficiently relay information. The first strategy allows players to effectively recommend moves for other players, and the second strategy allows players to determine the contents of their hands. Results from computer simulations demonstrate that both strategies perform well. In particular, the second strategy achieves a perfect score more than 75 percent of the time.
An Image Matching Method of New Illumination-Robust and Anti-Blur Combined Moment Invariants

Novel combined moment invariants are put forward to deal with the problem of the poor adaptability to the illumination variation and the blur noise in the cases of the conventional image feature matching. The new combined moment invariants are re-built on the basis of Hu moments and are applied in image matching. The experimental results have demonstrated that,in virtue of its illumination robustness and blur invariance,the proposed approach can effectively overcome the decline of the correct matching rate influenced by both the illumination change and the fuzzy noise. Ensuring the high precision,the matching efficiency is greatly improved. Utilizing the new combined moment invariants as image descriptors to complete image matching is feasible and validate. It offers a nice reference value.
Echocardiographic Findings in Asymptomatic Mediastinal Lymphoma Survivors Years after Treatment Termination

Patients treated due to mediastinal lymphomas are at risk of cardiovascular complications, as they receive chemotherapy, usually containing anthracyclines, often combined with thoracic radiotherapy. The aim of this prospective study was to assess early asymptomatic cardiac dysfunction using resting and dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) at least 3 years after the end of mediastinal lymphoma treatment. Two groups of patients were compared: those treated with chemoradiotherapy and those exclusively treated with chemotherapy. Left ventricular contractile reserve (LVCR) during DSE was assessed using changes in LV ejection fraction (LVEF), LV global longitudinal strain (LV GLS), and a novel parameter—Force, which is the ratio of the systolic blood pressure to the LV end-systolic volume. The study included 60 patients examined at a median of 89 months after the end of treatment. Resting echocardiography showed normal LVEF of 58.9 ± 9.6%, borderline LV GLS of −17.7 ± 3%, decreased mean stroke volume (SV) of 51.4 ± 17 mL, and indexed SV of 27.3 ± 8 mL/m2, and the right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain (LS) was impaired in some patients but not in all. There were no significant differences between the groups, with the exception of arterial hypertension, which was more common in the chemotherapy group (32% vs. 62.5%, p = 0.04). In resting echocardiography, only LV posterior wall LS differed significantly and was impaired in patients treated with chemotherapy (−19.1 ± 3.1% vs. −16.5 ± 5.1%, p = 0.04). DSE, performed in 21 patients after a median of 166 months from the end of cancer treatment, detected new contractility disorders in 1 patient (4.8%) and decreased LVCR in the majority of patients when determined using changes in LVEF or LV GLS, and in all patients when assessed with changes in Force. Conclusions: Most asymptomatic mediastinal lymphoma survivors showed preserved ventricular function on resting echocardiography. However, all of them showed impaired LV contractile reserve on DSE, as assessed with a simple parameter—Force. This may indicate subtle LV dysfunction and confirms the need for long-term monitoring of patients with potentially cardiotoxic cancer treatment.
Perceptions of Students About the Use of Webinars in Classrooms: A Case of Abu Dhabi University

This paper investigates the use of webinars among students at a university in Abu Dhabi using UTAUT model. Cross-sectional research design was used, and 134 participants were involved through a purposive criterion sampling technique. Data were collected through a survey based on a questionnaire. Findings revealed a significant relationship among performance expectancy (p-value 0.000), effort expectancy (p-value 0.000), and social influence (p-value 0.000), and an insignificant relationship with facilitating conditions (p-value 0.10) and voluntariness of use (p-value 0.61). The results would facilitate educational institutions in implementing the advanced system of education incorporating the use of webinars as a contemporary technological tool. The study is significant in determining the need for the use of webinars in class, illustrating both students' and teachers' perspectives. The implementation of the proposed results is not only limited to the case of Abu Dhabi but can be generalized to other educational institutions as well.
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Joint Trajectory Planning, Transmission Scheduling, and Access Control in UAV-Assisted Wireless Sensor Networks

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be used to relay sensing information and computational workloads from ground users (GUs) to a remote base station (RBS) for further processing. In this paper, we employ multiple UAVs to assist with the collection of sensing information in a terrestrial wireless sensor network. All of the information collected by the UAVs can be forwarded to the RBS. We aim to improve the energy efficiency for sensing-data collection and transmission by optimizing UAV trajectory, scheduling, and access-control strategies. Considering a time-slotted frame structure, UAV flight, sensing, and information-forwarding sub-slots are confined to each time slot. This motivates the trade-off study between UAV access-control and trajectory planning. More sensing data in one time slot will take up more UAV buffer space and require a longer transmission time for information forwarding. We solve this problem by a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning approach that takes into consideration a dynamic network environment with uncertain information about the GU spatial distribution and traffic demands. We further devise a hierarchical learning framework with reduced action and state spaces to improve the learning efficiency by exploiting the distributed structure of the UAV-assisted wireless sensor network. Simulation results show that UAV trajectory planning with access control can significantly improve UAV energy efficiency. The hierarchical learning method is more stable in learning and can also achieve higher sensing performance.
Fast single image fog removal based on atmospheric scattering model

Based on the physical model of atmospheric scattering and an optical reflectance imaging model,three major factors influencing the fog removal for a single image were discussed in detail.The dark channel phenomenon was explained by the optical model,and the method to solve the parameters of atmospheric scattering model was rigorously derived from a new view.The gray-scale opening operation was used to eliminate the interference from a while object to obtain the global atmospheric light and the fast joint bilateral filtering technique was proposed to greatly improve the speed and accuracy of atmospheric scattering function solving.Finally,the scene albedo was recovered by inverting this model.Experiments show that the method can remove effectively the effect of lights from sky and environments and can recover the color and definition of original scenes.The simulation results indicate that the processing time for an image of 576×768 spends only by 1.7 s.As compared with the existing algorithm,obtained results on a variety of outdoor foggy images demonstrate that the proposed method achieves good restoration for contrast and color deity,and improves image visibility greatly.
Investigation of 7th grade middle school students' views on evidence-based learning

This present study was carried out to determine the opinions of the students before and after the implementation of the evidence-based learning applied to the 7th-grade students in the social studies course. In addition, this study aims to determine the difficulties encountered by students during the application process and to reveal their thoughts about the process. It enables students to make evaluations by comparing evidence-based learning with the existing method. The research was carried out with a class of fourteen students at the seventh-grade level of secondary school. The research was conducted with action research. Action research is one of the qualitative research methods. As the sampling type of the research, the easy sampling type was determined from the purposeful sampling model. The research is based on student views after a total of 32 hours of the evidence-based learning process in the social studies course. For this purpose, the units named "Communication and Human Relations" and "Living Democracy" of the seventh-grade social studies course were carried out with an evidence-based learning method. At the end of the research, a significant change occurred in students' views on evidence-based learning. It can be stated that they liked the Social Studies course more with evidence-based learning. In this process, it was observed that students' interest in the course increased, they showed a positive attitude and behavior towards evidence-based learning and actively participated in the course. It was observed that students developed positive thoughts about evidence-based learning.
A New Method of Antenna Height Reduction Based on Half-Sized Full-Wave Dipole

This communication presents a new strategy to reduce antenna height. The basic idea is to replace the half-wave dipole whose input impedance will be greatly decreased due to the close proximity to the metal reflector with a full-wave dipole with a large input impedance. Furthermore, we move the current null of the full-wave dipole out of the central area and rotate one of the arms 180° to obtain a half-sized dipole with an input impedance of nearly <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$50 \Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Its transverse size is the same as the half-wave dipole, and its profile is only <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.05\lambda b _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda b _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the free-space wavelength at the center frequency). Finally, we improve its structure, obtain a wideband counterpart, and expand the wideband element into a dual-polarized subarray. The height of the dual-polarized, wideband sub-array is only <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.08\lambda b _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Simulated and measured results show that such low profile, a half-sized full-wave dipole has comprehensive application foreground and spread value in today’s communication system.
The Online Frequency Security Assessment of a Power System Considering the Time-Varying Characteristics of Renewable Energy Inertia

The continuous increase in the penetration rate of renewable energy has led to a decrease in the system’s frequency response capability, which presents great challenges to the safety and stability of the power system. In order to ensure the safe operation of the power system, online frequency safety assessment has become necessary. However, the time-varying characteristics of the virtual inertia HNE of renewable energy stations make it more difficult to accurately predict the lowest point of the system frequency after a disturbance. Based on the general average system frequency (G-ASF) model, this paper proposes a G-ASF-H model that considers the time-varying characteristics of the virtual inertia of renewable energy stations, accurately predicts the lowest frequency point after a system disturbance, and realizes the online frequency safety assessment of the system. Firstly, a unified virtual synchronous generator model is established to identify the virtual inertia time constant of the renewable energy station in real time; then, under the pre-defined frequency safety verification event, the maximum deviation of the system frequency is periodically calculated and judged based on the G model to realize the online frequency safety assessment. The example analysis on the IEEE 10-machine 39-node system shows that the model has a high calculation speed and accuracy under different disturbances or daily load level scenarios and can be used for the online security assessment of new power systems with time-varying virtual inertia characteristics.
Heartbreaking Decisions: The Dogma and Uncertainties of Antimicrobial Therapy in Infective Endocarditis

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but increasingly prevalent disease with high morbidity and mortality, requiring antimicrobials and at times surgical intervention. Through the decades of healthcare professionals’ experience with managing IE, certain dogmas and uncertainties have arisen around its pharmacotherapy. The introduction of new antimicrobials and novel combinations are exciting developments but also further complicate IE treatment choices. In this review, we provide and evaluate the relevant evidence focused around contemporary debates in IE treatment pharmacotherapy, including beta-lactam choice in MSSA IE, combination therapies (aminoglycosides, ceftaroline), the use of oral antimicrobials, the role of rifamycins, and long-acting lipoglycopeptides.
SOME MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS FROM NEUROBIOLOGY

2. Physiological background. We begin by describing, briefly, the physical setting of the model, and a little of the experimental evidence, in order to motivate the mathematical questions to be asked later. For a fuller explanation of the basic neurophysiology, see [29]. The function of the nervous system is, of course, to transmit information, and for this purpose it uses electrical impulses initiated and transmitted by individual nerve cells, or neurons. Hodgkin and Huxley developed a set of differential equations to describe the ionic and electrical events occurring during the transmission of an impulse along an axon, which is usually the filament carrying signals from the nerve cell body to other parts of the organism. These equations are based on the assumption that an axon behaves like a cylindrical electrical cable, with a conducting core and partially insulating sheath, or membrane. Both the core and the surrounding medium are fluids containing significant concentrations of charged metallic ions, mostly sodium and potassium. The currents which flow are due either to the capacitance of the membrane or to the movement of ions either through the membrane or longitudinally along the axon. Perhaps the most important feature of the theory is its reliance on changes in the permeability of the membrane to certain of these ions during the course of an impulse. (The molecular structure of the membrane which allows it to play an active role in signal transmission is unknown. The membrane is the black box referred to earlier.) The resulting nonlinear equations can be written in the form
Discussion on unsaturated soil of Richards infiltration equation

According to Richards Equation, 1-D vertical infiltration rate by real time for unsaturated soil could be found. Because of lacking for formula on unsaturated soil moisture function K(B)、D(B), suppose of fixed value or linear function, which were not fit reality, had to be adopted. Thus, those results of research has to imply some experiential elements or some iterative calculation. With generic effective base formula on unsaturated soil moisture function K(B)、D(B) list in reference 1, new infiltration formula, which contains soil moisture factor before infiltration、more solid theoretical basis, can be exported by using the method of separation of variables to answering Richards Equation directly and soil water dynamic method. New formula avoided experiential elements and general supposed on moisture function and reflecting effect of decrease infiltration indirectly on soil moisture before infiltration in congeneric infiltration formula. It provide theoretical basis for using infiltration formula which contains soil moisture factor before infiltration instead of giving up existing empirical way of “rounding off” in infiltration capacity curve at rainfall excess calculation in hydrology so far. It will help improve the method of rainfall excess calculation and calculating precision.