Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AKSmooth: Enhancing low-coverage bisulfite sequencing data via kernel-based smoothing

Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) is an approach of growing importance. It is the only approach that provides a comprehensive picture of the genome-wide DNA methylation profile. However, obtaining a sufficient amount of genome and read coverage typically requires high sequencing costs. Bioinformatics tools can reduce this cost burden by improving the quality of sequencing data. We have developed a statistical method Ajusted Local Kernel Smoother (AKSmooth) that can accurately and efficiently reconstruct the single CpG methylation estimate across the entire methylome using low-coverage bisulfite sequencing (Bi-Seq) data. We demonstrate the AKSmooth performance on the low-coverage (~ 4 ×) DNA methylation profiles of three human colon cancer samples and matched controls. Under the best set of parameters, AKSmooth-curated data showed high concordance with the gold standard high-coverage sample (Pearson 0.90), outperforming the popular analogous method. In addition, AKSmooth showed computational efficiency with runtime benchmark over 4.5 times better than the reference tool. To summarize, AKSmooth is a simple and efficient tool that can provide an accurate human colon methylome estimation profile from low-coverage WGBS data. The proposed method is implemented in R and is available at https://github.com/Junfang/AKSmooth.
FEMALES ARE CHOOSIER IN THE DARK: ENVIRONMENT‐DEPENDENT RELIANCE ON COURTSHIP COMPONENTS AND ITS IMPACT ON FITNESS

A broad understanding of multimodal courtship function necessitates knowledge of the potential information content of signal components, the efficacy of signal components in eliciting the appropriate receiver response, and the fitness consequences of mating decisions based upon various signal components. We present data addressing each of these requirements for the multimodal‐signaling wolf spider, Schizocosa floridana Bryant. Using diet manipulations, we first demonstrate that both visual and seismic courtship signals are condition‐dependent. Next, using high‐ and low‐quantity diet individuals in mate choice trials across manipulated signaling environments, we demonstrate that the seismic signal is crucial for mating success and further show that female choosiness is environment‐dependent. Females mated more with high diet males only in the absence of visual signals, showing no discrimination in the presence of visual signals. Finally, by quantifying the number of offspring produced by our mated females, we reveal that a female's mating environment, in conjunction with her potential resource availability, influences her fitness—in environments in which females exerted choice, heavier females produced more offspring. Together, this comprehensive set of experiments demonstrates that female choosiness varies across environments, leading to direct fitness consequences.
Creating context for the use of DNA adduct data in cancer risk assessment: I. Data organization

The assessment of human cancer risk from chemical exposure requires the integration of diverse types of data. Such data involve effects at the cell and tissue levels. This report focuses on the specific utility of one type of data, namely DNA adducts. Emphasis is placed on the appreciation that such DNA adduct data cannot be used in isolation in the risk assessment process but must be used in an integrated fashion with other information. As emerging technologies provide even more sensitive quantitative measurements of DNA adducts, integration that establishes links between DNA adducts and accepted outcome measures becomes critical for risk assessment. The present report proposes an organizational approach for the assessment of DNA adduct data (e.g., type of adduct, frequency, persistence, type of repair process) in concert with other relevant data, such as dosimetry, toxicity, mutagenicity, genotoxicity, and tumor incidence, to inform characterization of the mode of action. DNA adducts are considered biomarkers of exposure, whereas gene mutations and chromosomal alterations are often biomarkers of early biological effects and also can be bioindicators of the carcinogenic process.
Dérives des universités, périls des universitaires

Sous les auspices de l’Organisation de cooperation et de developpement economiques (ocde) notamment, une vision liberale de l’enseignement superieur et du savoir s’est imposee progressivement dans de nombreux pays developpes, sous couvert de pragmatisme et d’evolutions imposees, presentees comme indispensables et evidentes. Pourtant, ces evolutions n’ont rien de naturel. Elles relevent d’une ideologie manageriale exogene aux us et coutumes universitaires, dont l’application se revele meme contreproductive. On peut alors parler de derives pour les universites, qui mettent en peril les modes de travail des universitaires et des personnels academiques en general. Sous ces coups de boutoir, les universites se liquefient, elles se bureaucratisent, entrent sterilement dans un esprit de competition mal place, de sorte qu’un sentiment d’alienation professionnelle s’empare de plus en plus des personnels, chacun se sentant depossede de son outil de travail et perdant progressivement le pouvoir de definir le sens des missions de l’universite. Ces derives sont lourdes de consequence et la qualite de la recherche et du service rendu aux etudiants ne peut que s’en ressentir.
Not Codgers in Cardigans! Female Workforce Participation and Ageing Public Services

There have been remarkable changes in female labour force participation in the past century. In Australia, the first wave of change included the introduction of equal pay and the softening of attitudes towards married women at work and the second wave of change introduced anti-discrimination legislation and family-friendly working conditions. Arguably a third wave of change is emerging, as labour market pressures — caused in part by an ageing workforce — require further efforts to increase the participation of underrepresented groups such as women. The existing literature considers how age affects female participation but not the reverse question of how increased female participation has affected the age of the workforce. This research begins to fill this gap. Using an indicative study of an Australian public service, it explores increases in female participation and the associated increases in age in the case study public service, with a particular focus on the first wave of reforms in the 1970s and the second wave of reforms in the 1990s. The research demonstrates an association between increased female participation and the increasing age of public workforces — in a period of 25 years, the case-study public service was transformed from being predominantly young and male to being predominantly older and female. Policymakers need to reconsider whether the ageing public workforce is a problem or simply a side effect of worthwhile employment reforms that supported female participation.
Commentary: Functional Connectivity in the Left Dorsal Stream Facilitates Simultaneous Language Translation: An EEG Study

Simultaneous language interpreting (SLI) places extreme requirements on the cognitive control skills (Yudes et al., 2011; Hervais-Adelman et al., 2015) acquired by multilinguals through intensive training and practice (Chernov, 2004). Not only does SLI involve constant concurrent retrieval of words and collocations in the source and target languages, it also requires their retention and manipulation in working memory, tracking both source and target discourse as well as performing repeated language switching (Moser, 1978; Moser-Mercer et al., 2000; Christoffels et al., 2006). Previous research has shown that systematic SLI practice causes structural neuroplasticity in simultaneous interpreters (SIs). Specifically, Elmer et al. (2014) provided evidence for reduced gray matter volumes in SIs compared to multilingual controls. To further explore neuroplasticity in SIs, Elmer and Kühnis (2016) predicted the existence of functional cortical connectivity changes induced by exposure to SLI. Based on the dual-stream model of speech processing (cf. Hickok, 2012), and the assumption that SLI practice places high demands on sensory-to-articulation mapping, Elmer and Kühnis (2016) analyzed two preselected regions of interest (ROIs) within the dorsal stream, namely BA 41/42 (auditory-related cortex), and BA 44/45 (Broca's area), expecting them to be more functionally coupled in SIs than in multilingual control subjects. In the experiment, 12 professional SIs and the same number of multilinguals with no SLI experience were tested in a mixed and unmixed auditory semantic decision task which consisted in judging word congruency by pressing one of the buttons. In the unmixed condition the words were delivered sequentially in the same language (German or English), while in the mixed condition the languages were different. Consistent with the prediction, analysis of EEG data revealed stronger functional coupling in the theta band (∼4–7 Hz) between the ROIs in SIs than in controls. This result is very interesting because it suggests that SLI proficiency may be a matter of not only structural, but also functional changes in the brain. In this commentary we offer several methodological considerations. First, the experimental task only included English and German words, and other language combinations may have produced a different pattern of results. For example, the authors could have included another Koshkin and Ossadtchi Functional Connectivity Facilitates Language Translation experimental condition with French and English word pairs. This would have required almost no effort in recruiting extra participants: the autobiographical data show that all of the SIs rated their proficiency in French at least 3 on a scale …
Candida parapsilosis as a Potent Biocontrol Agent against Growth and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus Species

Background: Aflatoxin contamination of food and feed stuff is a serious health problem and significant economic concerns. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of Candida parapsilosis IP1698 on mycelial growth and aflatoxin production in aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus species was investigated. Methods: Mycelial growth inhibitions of nine strains of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species in the presence of C. parapsilosis investigated by pour plate technique at different pH, temperature and time of incubation. Reduction of aflatoxin was evaluated in co-cultured fungi in yeast extract sucrose broth after seven days of incubation using HPLC method. The data were analyzed by SPSS 11.5. Results: The presence of the C. parapsilosis at different pH did not affect significantly the growth rate of Aspergillus isolates. On the other hand, temperature and time of incubation showed to be significantly effective when compared to controls without C. parapsilosis (P≤0.05). In aflatoxigenic strains, minimum percentage of reductions in total aflatoxin and B1, B2, G1, G2 fractions were 92.98, 92.54, 77.48, 54.54 and 72.22 and maximum percentage of reductions were 99.59, not detectable, 94.42, and not detectable in both G1 and G2, respectively. Conclusion: C. parapsilosis might employ as a good biocontrol agent against growth and aflatoxin production by aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species
PENGARUH INSENTIF TERHADAP MOTIVASI DAN KINERJA (Studi pada Karyawan Hotel Grand Pujon View Kabupaten Malang)

This study aims to determine the effect of motivation on work employee’s and performance at Grand Pujon View Hotel Malang. This type of research used in this research is an explanatory research with a quantitative approach. Data analysis using descriptive and path analysis. The results showed that the material incentive have significant effect on work motivation, non-material incentives have a significant effect on work motivation, incentives has significant effect on performance, non-material incentives have a significant effect on the performance and motivation has significant effect on performance of employee’s. T he results of the analysis says that the provision of fair and adequate incentives will provide a significant influence on the motivation and performance of employees. Therefore incentives brings positive effect on employee performance. Keywords: Incentives, Motivation and Performance ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh insentif terhadap motivasi kerja dan kinerja karyawan Hotel Grand Pujon View Kabupaten Malang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian explanatory dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji validitas dan reliabilitas untuk mengukur dan mengungkap data penelitian secara tepat. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan jalur ( path ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insentif materiil berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi kerja, insentif non materiil berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi kerja, insentif materiil berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja, insentif non materiil berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja dan motivasi kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja. Hasil analisis membuktikan bahwa pemberian insentif yang adil dan layak akan memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi dan kinerja karyawan. Oleh karena itu pemberian insentif berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil kerja karyawan. Kata Kunci: Insentif, Motivasi dan Kinerja
Issues in visualization for the comprehension of parallel programs

Parallel and distributed computers are becoming more widely used. Thus, the comprehension of parallel programs is increasingly important. Understanding parallel programs is more challenging than understanding serial programs because of the issues of concurrency, scale, communications, shared resources, and shared state. In this article, we argue that the use of visualizations and animations of programs can be an invaluable asset to program comprehension. We present example problems and visualizations, showing how graphical displays can assist program understanding. We also describe the Animation Choreographer, a tool that helps programmers better comprehend the temporal characteristics of their programs. <<ETX>>
Adaptive Timeslot Scheduling of Long Cycle Data in WIA-PA network

We consider the problem of finding an optimal and Adaptive Timeslot Scheduling algorithm for Long Cycle Data in WIA-PA network (ATS-LCD), which focuses on hybrid mesh and star network topology and a feedback mechanism that can significantly reduce collisions among clusters. OPNET simulation results demonstrate that ATS-LCD significantly outperforms TDMA-over-CDMA and CSMA MAC protocols in terms of network throughput, end-to-end delay, and energy efficiency.
Neural mass modeling of power-line magnetic fields effects on brain activity

Neural mass models are an appropriate framework to study brain activity, combining a high degree of biological realism while being mathematically tractable. These models have been used, with a certain success, to simulate brain electric (electroencephalography, EEG) and metabolic (functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI) activity. However, concrete applications of neural mass models have remained limited to date. Motivated by experimental results obtained in humans, we propose in this paper a neural mass model designed to study the interaction between power-line magnetic fields (MFs) (60 Hz in North America) and brain activity. The model includes pyramidal cells; dendrite-projecting, slow GABAergic neurons; soma-projecting, fast GABAergic neurons; and glutamatergic interneurons. A simple phenomenological model of interaction between the induced electric field and neuron membranes is also considered, along with a model of post-synaptic calcium concentration and associated changes in synaptic weights Simulated EEG signals are produced in a simple protocol, both in the absence and presence of a 60 Hz MF. These results are discussed based on results obtained previously in humans. Notably, results highlight that (1) EEG alpha (8–12 Hz) power can be modulated by weak membrane depolarizations induced by the exposure; (2) the level of input noise has a significant impact on EEG power modulation; and (3) the threshold value in MF flux density resulting in a significant effect on the EEG depends on the type of neuronal populations modulated by the MF exposure. Results obtained from the model shed new light on the effects of power-line MFs on brain activity, and will provide guidance in future human experiments. This may represent a valuable contribution to international regulation agencies setting guidelines on MF values to which the general public and workers can be exposed.
Integrating Topic-centric Thread-Based Organized Chat into Web-Based Enterprise Instant Messengers

IM (Instant Messenger) offers real-time interactivity between two or more geographically dispersed parties through the exchange of text or multimedia messages. In IM conversations, people feel emancipated to express their ideas or views. However, such a free and casual style of dialogue could form dissimilar views and may even cause confusions among individuals, making it unsuitable to be used in corporate environments, particularly for conducting group online meetings that involve multiple parties and span a variety of topics. This paper presents a solution of integrating topic-centric thread-based organized chat into enterprise instant messengers, with which multiple users can participate in diverse topics simultaneously for a large interactive business meeting over the Internet. This solution has been implemented in a prototype system and preliminary usability testing has shown that it is effective to support simultaneous group conversations.
AsmLSec: An Extension of Abstract State Machine Language for Attack Scenario Specification

Security, one of the most important aspects of software, gets very little attention during the software development life cycle (SDLC). Therefore, the software remains vulnerable to attacks which are handled by issuing patches or service packs by the software vendors. To overcome this problem, researchers have proposed to take security into consideration right from the very beginning of the software development process. However, most specification languages were not designed with an intention for specifying security requirements, and therefore, they lack some features to serve this purpose. As a result, we need suitable specification languages that can be used both for functional specification and security specification. We propose a formal extension of a popular specification language called AsmL (Abstract State Machine Language) for attack descriptions with a view to building secure software. We name the extended language AsmLSec. We present the details of AsmLSec syntax and semantics, describe how to model attacks using its constructs, and present the design and implementation of a compiler that generates attack signatures from the AsmLSec attack specifications. To evaluate the expressive power of AsmLSec, we model attack scenarios based on the benchmark DARPA data sets
WordNet Powered Faceted Semantic Search with Automatic Sense Disambiguation for Bioenergy Domain

WordNet is a lexicon widely known and used as an ontological resource hosting comparatively large collection of semantically interconnected words. Use of such resources produces meaningful results and improves users' search experience through the increased precision and recall. This paper presents our facet-enabled WordNet powered semantic search work done in the context of the bioenergy domain. The main hurdle to achieving the expected result was sense disambiguation further complicated by the occasional fine-grained distinction of meanings of the terms in WordNet. To overcome this issue, a novel sense disambiguation approach based on automatically built domain specific ontologies, WordNet synset hierarchy and term (or word) sense ranks is proposed.
Routing for Wireless Multi Hop Networks - Unifying and Distinguishing Features

In a wireless multi-hop network, one of the important challenges is how to route packets efficiently. The availability of many intermediate nodes between a source and a destination results in having many optional paths/routes to follow. The challenge is to pick an optimal path that satisfies the needed performance requirements-this is the responsibility of the routing protocol. There are four wireless network paradigms under the category of wireless multi-hop networks: Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks In these four network paradigms, routing plays a vital and critical role and is considered one of the most important design elements. Being categorized as wireless multi-hop networks, the four aforementioned network paradigms share some commonalities in terms of their routing functions. However, as each of these network paradigms has its own unique characteristics and environment/application needs, each has some distinct aspects that distinguish its routing approaches from others. The focus of this depth paper is showing the unifications and distinctions of routing functions for the four multi-hop networks. In addition, we propose a generic routing model that can be the foundation of the wireless multi-hop routing function and can be inherited by any wireless multi-hop routing protocol. As well, we present our view of the ideal wireless multi-hop routing protocol along with several open issues.
VALIDACIÓN DEL CUESTIONARIO ILP-R, VERSIÓN ESPAÑOLA

The objective of this research is to adapt and validate a questionnaire of Learning styles for the population of Murcia (Spain). Sample consists of 478 adolescents, preferably from 15 to 19 years old, in their Secondary Education in any of its different categories (F.P.; E.S.O. and B.U.P.), and first year of University. ILP-R questionnaire was translated and adapted to the Spanish educative context, which was elaborated by Schmeck and cols. In 1991, and subsequently validated. Our data point out that its reliability and validity (performed through factorial analysis), confirm this instrument as a valid and reliable test to detect and measure learning styles of adolescents in Murcia.
Minds behind the brain : a history of the pioneers and their discoveries

1. Introduction: a voyage across time 2. An ancient Egyptian physician: the dawn of neurology 3. Hippocrates: the brain as the organ of mind 4. Galen: The birth of experimentation 5. Andreas Vesalius: the new 'human' neuroanatomy 6. Rene Descartes: the mind-body problem 7. Thomas Willis: the functional organization of the brain 8. Luigi Galvani: electricity and the nerves 9. Franz Joseph Gall: the cerebral organs of the mind 10. Paul Broca: Cortical localization and cerebral dominance 11. David Ferrier and Eduard Hitzig: the experimentalists map the cerebral cortex 12. Jean-Martin Charcot: clinical neurology comes of age 13. Santiago Ramon y Cajal: from nerve nets to neuron doctrine 14. Charles Scott Sherrington: the integrated nervous system 15. Edgar D. Adrian: coding in the nervous s#stem 16. Otto Loewi and Henry Dale: the discovery of neurotransmitters 17. Roger W. Sperry and Rita Levi-Montalcini: from neural growth to 'Split Brains' 18. Pioneers and discoveries in the brain sciences