Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Personalized Spam Filtering with Natural Language Attributes

Email spam is one of the biggest threats to today's Internet. To deal with this threat, many anti-spam filters have been developed. One big challenge for these filters is to predict the labels of emails in a personalized mailbox. In this paper, we report the performance of an anti-spam filter named Sentinel. In addition to some commonplace attributes, Sentinel uses attributes related to natural language stylometry. The filter has been tested with six benchmark datasets in the Enron-Spam collection. Classifiers generated by well-known meta-learning algorithms like AdaBoostM1 and Bagging perform equally the best, while a Random Forest (RF) generated classifier performs almost as well. The performance of classifiers using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naive Bayes (NB) are not satisfactory. Comparisons show that the performance of Sentinel surpasses that of a number of state-of-the-art personalized filters proposed in previous studies.
A New Vanishing Point Detection Algorithm Based on Hough Transform

Detecting vanishing points in digital image is important for 3D reconstruction of a scene using no calibrated cameras. A new vanishing point detection algorithm based on twice Hough Transform was presented in this paper. Hough Transform has been recognized as one more popular method for the detection of straight lines. Firstly, the straight lines that in the image are detected by first Hough Transform. Secondly, using a coordinate transform, points in a circle were translated to points in a line. Finally, for detection of the line, Hough Transform was used again. Thus, the positions of vanishing points can be calculated by corresponding to the line parameters in pole coordinate. Experimental results using real images of a scene demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is effective and can acquire the vanishing point.
Unitary Constellation Design with Application to Space-Time Coding

Recently unitary space-time modulation has been presented to give a solution to more reliable multiple antennas communications. Good-performing unitary constellations are required to be designed to fit into this system. Although the basic principle is well understood and certain criteria and their transformations for designing such constellations have been presented, we don’t have a general method to design goodperforming constellation for any number of transmit and receive antennas and for any transmission rate. In this paper, we design unitary constellations which have good diversity product in some specific situations and we analyze the asymptotic behavior of some special constellations. We describe a new design criterion for low SNR channel, also we present a mixed code scheme which features good performance unitary constellations. These constellations all come with efficient decoding algorithms.
Campylobacter Antimicrobial Drug Resistance among Humans, Broiler Chickens, and Pigs, France

We describe isolates from human Campylobacter infection in the French population and the isolates' antimicrobial drug resistance patterns since 1986 and compare the trends with those of isolates from broiler chickens and pigs from 1999 to 2004. Among 5,685 human Campylobacter isolates, 76.2% were C. jejuni, 17.2% C. coli, and 5.0% C. fetus. Resistance to nalidixic acid increased from 8.2% in 1990 to 26.3% in 2004 (p<10-3), and resistance to ampicillin was high over time. Nalidixic acid resistance was greater for C. coli (21.3%) than for C. jejuni (14.9%, p<10-3). C. jejuni resistance to ciprofloxacin in broilers decreased from 31.7% in 2002 to 9.0% in 2004 (p = 0.02). The patterns of resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones were similar between 1999 and 2004 in human and broiler isolates for C. jejuni. These results suggest a potential benefit of a regulation policy limiting use of antimicrobial drugs in food animals.
Validation of Screening Questions for Hyperacusis in Chronic Tinnitus

Background. We investigated the validity of the two hyperacusis items of the TSCHQ (Tinnitus Sample Case History Questionnaire) from the TRI (Tinnitus Research Initiative) database by comparing them with the German hyperacusis questionnaire GÜF. Methods. We investigated the association of the GÜF with the TSCHQ screening questions for both the sum score and the single items with correlation, contrast, principal component, and discriminant analysis in a sample of 161 patients with chronic tinnitus. Results. TSCHQ items and the GÜF total score were significantly associated with a special focus on fear and pain related hyperacusis. Factor analysis of the GÜF revealed the three factors “fear and pain related hyperacusis,” “hearing related problems,” and “problems in quality of life. ” A discriminant analysis showed a sensitivity of 64% and a specificity of 71% of the TSCHQ items for the establishment of tinnitus patient subgroups with and without hyperacusis. Discussion. Both hyperacusis TSCHQ items can serve as screening questions with respect to self-reported hyperacusis in chronic tinnitus with a specific focus on fear and pain related hyperacusis. However, the multiple dimensions of hyperacusis should be considered for diagnosis and treatment in both scientific and clinical contexts.
Role for adenosine triphosphate in regulating the assembly and transport of vesicular stomatitis virus G protein trimers

We have characterized the process by which the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) G protein acquires its final oligomeric structure using density-gradient centrifugation in mildly acidic sucrose gradients. The mature wild-type VSV G protein is a noncovalently associated trimer. Trimers are assembled from newly synthesized G monomers with a t1/2 of 6-8 min. To localize the site of trimerization and to correlate trimer formation with steps in transport between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi complex, we examined the kinetics of assembly of the temperature-sensitive mutant VSV strain, ts045. At the nonpermissive temperature (39 degrees C), ts045 G protein is not transported from the ER. The phenotypic defect that inhibited export from the ER at the nonpermissive temperature was found to be the accumulation of ts045 G protein in an aggregate. After being shifted to the permissive temperature (32 degrees C), the ts045 G protein aggregate rapidly dissociated (t1/2 less than 1 min) to monomeric G protein which subsequently trimerized with the same kinetics as the wild-type G protein. Only trimers were transported to the Golgi complex. Kinetic studies, as well as the finding that trimerization occurred under conditions which block ER to Golgi transport (at both 15 and 4 degrees C), showed that trimers were formed in the ER. Depletion of cellular ATP inhibited both the dissociation of the aggregated intermediate of ts045 G protein as well as the formation of stable trimers. The results indicate that oligomerization of G protein occurs in several steps, is sensitive to cellular ATP, and is required for transport from the ER.
Efficiency of multimodal metaphors in the presentation of learning information

The comparative study described in this paper has been conducted to investigate the effect of including multimodal metaphors on the usability of e-learning interfaces. Two independent groups of users were involved to evaluate two different interfaces of an experimental e-learning platform. The control group used the visual only interface that presents information about class diagram notation in textual approach, and the experimental group used the multimodal interface in which a combination of recorded speech sounds, non-speech sounds (earcons), and avatar with simple facial expressions were employed to communicate the same information. Three usability parameters which are efficiency, effectiveness, and users' satisfaction were considered in the study. The scope of this paper is to discuss the results that related to efficiency only, which has been measured by task completion time. It was found that the multimodal interface group taken significantly less time to complete the experimental tasks compared to the visual only interface group. These results encouraged for further exploration to examine the contributing role of each of the applied multimodal metaphors.
Human Action Recognition Based on Depth Images from Microsoft Kinect

Human action recognition is very important in human computer interaction. In this article, we present a new method of recognizing human actions by using Microsoft Kinect sensor, k-means clustering and Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). Kinect is able to generate human skeleton information from depth images, in addition, features representing specific body parts are generated from the skeleton information and are used for recording actions. Then k-means clustering assigns the features into clusters and HMMs analyze the relationship between these clusters. By doing this, we achieved action learning and recognition. According to our experimental results, the average accuracy was 91.4 %.
Inconsistences in Hybrid Knowledge Bases

Hybrid knowledge bases (KBs) are a well-known paradigm for combining nonmonotonic rules and description logic ontologies, which gained increasing attention in the past years. Such hybrid KBs have the potential of becoming very powerful tools for knowledge representation and reasoning. However, the interaction between rules and ontologies might cause undesired inconsistencies, making the whole system unusable. The research area in which the thesis will be stated is devoted to the investigation of the notion of inconsistencies and development of the methodology for dealing with them within hybrid KBs.
INDREX: in-database distributional relation extraction

Relation extraction transforms the textual representation of a relationship into the relational model of a data warehouse. Early systems, such as SystemT by IBM or the open source system GATE solve this task with handcrafted rule sets that the system executes document-by-document. Thereby the user must execute a highly interactive and iterative process of reading a document, of expressing rules, of testing these rules on the next document and of refining rules. Until now, these systems do neither leverage the full potential of built-in declarative query languages nor the indexing and query optimization techniques of a modern RDBMS that would enable a user interactive rule refinement across documents and on the entire corpus. We propose the INDREX system that enables a user for the first time to describe corpus-wide extraction tasks in a declarative language and permits the user to run interactive rule refinement queries. For enabling this powerful functionality we extend a standard PostgreSQL with a set of white-box user-defined functions that enable corpus-wide transformations from sentences into relationships. We store the text corpus and rules in the same RDBMS that already holds domain specific structured data. As a result, (1) the user can leverage this data to further adapt rules to the target domain, (2) the user does not need an additional system for rule extraction and (3) the INDREX system can leverage the full power of built-in indexing and query optimization techniques of the underlaying RDBMS. In a preliminary study we report on the feasibility of this disruptive approach and show multiple queries in INDREX on the Reuters Corpus, Volume 1.
On the neutral gas distribution and kinematics in the dwarf irregular galaxy IC 1613

Aims. We study the neutral hydrogen distribution and kinematics in the Local Group dwarf irregular galaxy IC 1613 and compare them with the ionized gas distribution and stellar content of the galaxy. We discuss several mechanisms which may be responsible for the origin of the observed complicated HI morphology and compare parameters of the most prominent kpc-scale HI structure with the multiple SNe scenario. Methods. The observations were performed with the Vary Large Array of NRAO with a linear resolution ~ 23 pc at the adopted distance of 725 kpc and the spectral channel width of 2.57 km s -1 . The numerical calculations have been provided with our 2.5D Lagrangian scheme based on the thin layer approximation. Results. We found that the ISM of the galaxy is highly inhomogeneous and identified a number of intermediate-scale (200 pc-300 pc in diameter) HI arcs and shells having expansion velocities of 10 to 20 km s -1 . Besides these shells, several giant holes and arc-shaped structures have been revealed, whose radii exceed several hundred parsecs. We found that parameters of the most prominent ($M_{\rm HI} = 2.8 \times 10^7$ ${M}_{\odot}$) kpc-scale structure and the level of the detected star formation activity are inconsistent with the multiple SNe hypothesis.
ρ-domain based rate control scheme for spatial, temporal, and quality scalable video coding

Rate control is a capital issue in video coding. It allows a regulation of the bitrate out from the encoder, to cope with some network transmission or quality constraints. Scalable Video Coding emerged several years ago as an answer to the growing need of application-adaptable video streams. Although the interest of scalable video coding has been confirrmed by recent studies, it can not be used in practical contexts without proper rate control techniques. In this paper we present a new rate control scheme for scalable video, based on a simple yet attractive bitrate modelling framework called ρ-domain. Our scheme performs accurate rate control on spatial, temporal and quality scalabilities, while maintaining a constant PSNR. Inter layer prediction is also handled effectively.
Increasing ZigBee network lifetime with X-MAC

The ZigBee standard builds on the assumption that infrastructure nodes have a constant power supply. ZigBee therefore does not provide any power-saving mechanisms for routing nodes, which limits the lifetime of battery-powered ZigBee networks to a few days. This short lifetime drastically restricts the possible application scenarios for ZigBee. To expand the usefulness of ZigBee, we present a ZigBee implementation where we replace the default ZigBee MAC protocol with the power-saving MAC protocol X-MAC. Our results show that X-MAC reduces the power consumption for ZigBee routing nodes with up to 90%, leading to a ten-fold increase in network lifetime at the price of a slight increase in network latency. Furthermore, we are the first to experimentally quantify the energy-efficiency of X-MAC in a multihop scenario. Our results indicate that X-MAC reduces the power consumption of idle nodes that are within communication range of two communicating nodes, suggesting that X-MAC may be able to mitigate the hot-spot problem in sensor networks.
Liberal or restrictive fluid administration in fast-track colonic surgery: a randomized, double-blind study.

BACKGROUND Evidence-based guidelines on optimal perioperative fluid management have not been established, and recent randomized trials in major abdominal surgery suggest that large amounts of fluid may increase morbidity and hospital stay. However, no information is available on detailed functional outcomes or with fast-track surgery. Therefore, we investigated the effects of two regimens of intraoperative fluids with physiological recovery as the primary outcome measure after fast-track colonic surgery. METHODS In a double-blind study, 32 ASA I-III patients undergoing elective colonic surgery were randomized to 'restrictive' (Group 1) or 'liberal' (Group 2) perioperative fluid administration. Fluid algorithms were based on fixed rates of crystalloid infusions and a standardized volume of colloid. Pulmonary function (spirometry) was the primary outcome measure, with secondary outcomes of exercise capacity (submaximal exercise test), orthostatic tolerance, cardiovascular hormonal responses, postoperative ileus (transit of radio-opaque markers), postoperative nocturnal hypoxaemia, and overall recovery within a well-defined multimodal, fast-track recovery programme. Hospital stay and complications were also noted. RESULTS 'Restrictive' (median 1640 ml, range 935-2250 ml) compared with 'liberal' fluid administration (median 5050 ml, range 3563-8050 ml) led to significant improvement in pulmonary function and postoperative hypoxaemia. In contrast, we found significantly reduced concentrations of cardiovascularly active hormones (renin, aldosterone, and angiotensin II) in Group 2. The number of patients with complications was not significantly different between the groups [1 ('liberal' group) [corrected] vs 6 ('restrictive' group) [corrected] patients, P = 0.08]. CONCLUSIONS A 'restrictive' [corrected] fluid regimen led to a transient improvement in pulmonary function and postoperative hypoxaemia but no other differences in all-over physiological recovery compared with a 'liberal' [corrected] fluid regimen after fast-track colonic surgery. Since morbidity tended to be increased with the 'restrictive' fluid regimen, future studies should focus on the effect of individualized 'goal-directed' fluid administration strategies rather than fixed fluid amounts on postoperative outcome.
Keeping the coverage green : Investigating the cost and quality of testing in agile development

An essential component of agile methods such as Extreme Programming is a suite of test cases that is incrementally built and maintained throughout development. This paper presents research exploring two questions regarding testing in these agile contexts. First, is there a way to validate the quality of test case suites in a manner compatible with agile development methods? Second, is there a way to assess and monitor the costs of agile test case development and maintenance? In this paper, we present the results of our recent research on these issues. Our results include a code coverage measure called XC (for Extreme Coverage) which is implemented in a system called JBlanket. XC is designed to support validation of the test-driven design methodology used in agile development. We describe how XC and JBlanket differ from other coverage measures and tools, assess their feasibility through a case study in a classroom setting, assess its external validity on a set of open source systems, and illustrate how to incorporate XC into a more global measure of testing cost and quality called Unit Test Dynamics (UTD). We conclude with suggested research directions building upon these findings to improve agile methods and tools.
X-Ray Evidence of a Buried Active Galactic Nucleus in UGC 5101

We present X-ray observations of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy, UGC 5101, thought to contain a buried active galactic nucleus (AGN) based on observations in other wave bands. We detected an absorbed hard component at greater than 3 keV, as well as soft emission in the energy range 0.5-2 keV. The soft X-ray component, possibly due to a modestly dust-obscured extended starburst, has an absorption-corrected 0.5-2 keV X-ray luminosity of LX(0.5-2 keV) = 1.2 × 1041 ergs s-1. The 0.5-2 keV X-ray-to-infrared luminosity ratio is a factor of ~5 lower than typical values for a normal starburst, suggesting that this extended starburst is unlikely to be energetically dominant in UGC 5101. The most plausible origin of the absorbed hard component is the putative buried AGN. The 6.4 keV Fe Kα emission line has a modest equivalent width (~400 eV), suggesting that this hard component is direct emission from the AGN, rather than a scattered component. The absorption-corrected 2-10 keV X-ray luminosity of the buried AGN was estimated to be LX(2-10 keV) ~ 5 × 1042 ergs s-1. The intrinsic 2-10 keV X-ray luminosity and the 2-10 keV X-ray-to-infrared luminosity ratio are both comparable to values measured for Mrk 463, a Seyfert 2 galaxy of similar infrared luminosity.
Towards an Implementation of Information Flow Security Using Semantic Web Technologies

Controlling the flow of sensitive data has been widely acknowledged as a critical aspect for securing web information systems. A common limitation of previous approaches for the implementation of the information flow control is their proposal of new scripting languages. This makes them infeasible to be applied to existing systems written in traditional programming languages as these systems need to be redeveloped in the proposed scripting language. This paper proposes a methodology that offers a common interlinqua through the use of Semantic Web technologies for securing web information systems independently of their programming language.
Development of a Small scale power generation system using Rooftop Ventilator

The ever ending demand for electrical power has led to widening of electricity demand - supply gap, which has compelled researchers to enhance the power production from Renewable sources of energy like solar, wind etc. trying out every possible ways. Rooftop ventilators (RTV) generally used for ventilation purpose, can be used to extract wind power by suitably designing a generator to couple with it. Rooftop Ventilators do not consume any electrical power for its working. The paper discusses the development of a power generation system using a typical RTV. The paper emphasize on the materials and the construction methodology adopted for developing a Rooftop power producing system. As a test case, the RTV power generation system is designed to charge a battery and power up the LED lighting load connected to it. Experimental results shows that the system could generate a maximum DC voltage of 25V with the ventilator blade speed of 150rpm. This type of Small scale power generation systems are suitable to charge low power loads. An exhaust device which does not consume electrical power for its working is utilized to produce electrical power, thus enhancing the use of green energy for a sustainable tomorrow.
The requirement for two complementing Ir-GLphi immune response genes in the T-lymphocyte proliferative response to poly-(Glu53Lys36Phe11)

The antibody response to poly-(Glu53Lys36Phe11) (GLphi) has been shown to be under the control of two independent, major histocompatibility- linked immune response genes, designated alpha and beta. In the present work we demonstrate that the T-lymphocyte proliferative response is also under the control of these two immune response genes. Thus, mice of the H-2a, H-2b, H-2k, and H-2s haplotypes were all nonresponders to GLphi. In contrast F1 hybrids between these strains, such as (B10 X B10.A)F1 and (C3H X SJL)F1, as well as several recombinant mice derived from the nonresponder haplotypes, such as B10.1(5R), B10.HTT, and B10.S(9R), were all responders to GLphi. The complementation between nonresponder genomes appeared to be stronger in the cis position than in the trans position for some strain combinations. The failure of strains bearing only one of the two responder alleles to show a T- lymphocyte proliferative response to GLphi, argues strongly that neither gene can be expressed exclusively in B lymphocytes. This conclusion is discussed in relation to another two gene model which has recently been proposed.
A signal-dependent time-frequency representation: optimal kernel design

A new time-frequency distribution (TFD) that adapts to each signal and so offers a good performance for a large class of signals is introduced. The design of the signal-dependent TFD is formulated in Cohen's class as an optimization problem and results in a special linear program. Given a signal to be analyzed, the solution to the linear program yields the optimal kernel and, hence, the optimal time-frequency mapping for that signal. A fast algorithm has been developed for solving the linear program, allowing the computation of the signal-dependent TFD with a time complexity on the same order as a fixed-kernel distribution. Besides this computational efficiency, an attractive feature of the optimization-based approach is the ease with which the formulation can be customized to incorporate application-specific knowledge into the design process. >