Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Flexible and Efficient Algorithm for Generating Prime Numbers using Biometric Identity (Bio-PNGA)

A biometric based security system provides best on both authentication and confidentiality for public shared secret information. Enormous numbers of papers have been published by the researchers in this field. The generation of prime numbers plays the most important role in the public-key schemes, essentially as a major primitive needed for the creation of key pairs or as a computation stage appearing during various cryptographic setups. Most of the researchers have been made strong mathematical studies on primality testing and an observed progressive increase of cryptographic usages, prime number generation algorithms. Still not quite investigated and most of the real-life implementations are providing poor performance. Most of the common prime number generators typically output n-bit prime in heuristic average complexityO(n) or O(n logn ). In this paper, we have proposed A Flexible and Efficient BioPNGA algorithm for generating the prime number for Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) by using biometric identity (example finger print, iris, face, DNA,. etc). The proposed scheme capturers the biometric identity image from the corresponding user and this image will be used as a seed value for generating the prime number. The proposed scheme generates set of prime numbers and these prime numbers can be used in Public Key Authentication and Confidentiality for the corresponding user. The proposed scheme requires minimum computing cost for generating prime numbers and any size of prime numbers can be created by using this scheme. This scheme output n-bit prime number from biometric identity matrix m × n in a heuristic average complexity of O(m × n). This scheme is very suitable for power constrained biometric based security schemes. General Terms Security, Algorithms
Simultaneous Localisation and Image Intensity Based Occupancy Grid Map Building -- A New Approach

This paper deals with the development of image occupancy grid map based on image matching by cross correlation method from laser range finder (LRF) data and goes on to develop an algorithm for robust pose estimation of a mobile robot in the static environment. Scan represents, here, a set of range measurements of the features transformed into a binary image in the environment provided by a laser range finder (LRF). By comparing a scan taken at the current pose of the robot with an existing scan, an estimate of the absolute pose of the robot is obtained. Real world experiments with a robot within a confined environment show that the pose error is small enough to allow performance of navigation tasks.
Projective Identification in Group Psychotherapy

The concept of projective identification and its clinical utility are illustrated by material from long-term open-ended psychotherapy groups in a psychiatric day hospital programme. Projective identification is discussed in relationship to the impact of trauma, in an attempt to further clarify the roles of trauma and intense affects (particularly rage) in the regressive defensive activation of projective identifications within groups and individuals.
Citizenship Education in the Dutch Multiethnic Context

European countries are facing many social and cultural changes caused by factors such as growing individualism, the increase of ethnocultural diversity, threats to democracy by a fundamentalist political Islam and violent extremism from the political right. These changes have brought about social instability and feelings of personal insecurity, and as a result many countries have welcomed national identity and citizenship to their political agenda, whether or not they had propagated some form of multiculturalism (Brubaker 2001; Joppke 2004). Schools are certainly not immune to what happens outside their walls: “where it rains in society, it may pour in the school,” necessitating a reconsideration of their pedagogical task (WRR 2003). As the Netherlands Education Council recently stated (Onderwijsraad 2002), education cannot restrict itself to the economic dimension of integration, such as sufficiently equipping all young people for the labor market, but also has to contribute to the promotion of social cohesion, inside and outside the institutions that make up its sphere of influence. The main question we address in this article is how, in light of the multiethnic composition of its population, Dutch education is and should be educating its citizens. Popular politicians and mainstream media advocate discipline-oriented approaches. We argue that citizenship education seems to be taking a one-sided turn in Dutch educational policy by accentuating individual rights and moral obligations and focusing on urging students of non-Western descent to assimilate. Based on the few studies available, citizenship education in Dutch schools seems narrowly oriented to interpersonal relations and individual behavior, rather than promoting a reflective stance on inequalities and cultural pluralism in society. However,
Statistical Parsing of Dutch using Maximum Entropy Models with Feature Merging

In this project report we describe work in statistical parsing using the maximum entropy technique and the Alpino language analysis system for Dutch. A major difficulty in this domain is the lack of sufficient corpus data available for training. Among other problems, this sparseness of data increases the danger of the model overfitting the training data, making it particularly important that the selection of statistical features upon which to base the model be optimal. To this end we have adapted the notion of feature merging, a means of constructing equivalence classes of statistical features based upon common elements within them. In spite of promising preliminary results, subsequent tests have not enabled us to conclude whether this approach helps the kind of models we are working with.
Code-switching and social stratification in a rural Chasu community in Tanzania

Traditionally, contact linguistics paid less attention to internal speaker diversity in contact situations, treating groups in contact as relatively homogeneous. This research investigates whether different subgroups of speakers in a contact situation show different effects. In particular, this research investigates whether key sociolinguistic variables such as social class, gender, age and educational levels have as much bearing as in Western variationist sociolinguistics, in explaining the occurrence of code-switching in the rural trilingual Chasu community of the Same District (Kilimanjaro, Tanzania), where Chasu, Swahili and English co-exist. The study reveals how the socio-economic status of the language used by the dominant group, and the degree and duration of contact determine the scope of code-switching among rural Tanzanian Chasu speakers.
Consistent iterative hard thresholding for signal declipping

Clipping or saturation in audio signals is a very common problem in signal processing, for which, in the severe case, there is still no satisfactory solution. In such case, there is a tremendous loss of information, and traditional methods fail to appropriately recover the signal. We propose a novel approach for this signal restoration problem based on the framework of Iterative Hard Thresholding. This approach, which enforces the consistency of the reconstructed signal with the clipped observations, shows superior performance in comparison to the state-of-the-art declipping algorithms. This is confirmed on synthetic and on actual high-dimensional audio data processing, both on SNR and on subjective user listening evaluations.
Laparoscopy Versus Open Distal Gastrectomy for Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) is one of the most accepted laparoscopic procedures in the field of gastric surgery. However, currently this procedure for the advanced gastric cancer (AGC) has still not reached the area of the popularization. The aim of this study was to compare laparoscopy with open distal gastrectomy in AGC patients using the meta-analytical techniques. Methods: The Medline Ovid, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and the Controlled Trials Registry were electronically searched. Randomized controlled trails and retrospective case-control studies, which were published between 2001 and 2011 on the management of AGC were collected on the basis of the predetermined eligibility criteria to establish a literature database. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0 software (Cochrane Library). Results: There were no randomized controlled trails available online; 7 case-control studies involving 1271 patients, of which 626 (49.2%) were laparoscopic and 645 (50.3%) were open procedures, were included in final pooled analysis. Meta-analysis results showed that LADG patients had a longer operative time [mean difference (MD), 37.2; 95% confidence interval (CI), 19.92 to 54.72, P<0.0001] but a less estimated blood loss (MD, 122.94; 95% CI, −171.13 to −74.75; P<0.0001), a few analgesic requirement (MD, 1.62; 95% CI, −2.51 to −0.73; P=0.004), and a shorter hospital stay (MD, 3; 95% CI, −3.14 to −2.26; P<0.00001) compared with patients undergoing open distal gastrectomy. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in number of lymph node dissections (MD, −0.73; 95% CI, −3.04 to 1.57; P=0.53), postoperative mortality [odds ratio (OR), 0.80; 95% CI, 0.14 to 4.73; P=0.81], overall complications (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.53 to 2.91; P=0.62), and a 3-year overall survival rate (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.60; P=0.18). Conclusions: The oncologic outcomes of LADG for AGC patients were comparable with open approach. Although open distal gastrectomy may be associated with shorter operative time, patients undergoing laparoscopic approach may be benefitted from a shorter hospital stay and a faster resumption without translation into an increase in both postoperative morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, further prospective, controlled studies, and extended follow-up are needed for a more comprehensive comparison between the 2 procedures.
Absolute entropy and free energy of fluids using the hypothetical scanning method. I. Calculation of transition probabilities from local grand canonical partition functions

The hypothetical scanning (HS) method provides the absolute entropy and free energy from a Boltzmann sample generated by Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics or any other exact simulation procedure. Thus far HS has been applied successfully to magnetic and polymer chain models; in this paper and the following one it is extended to fluid systems by treating a Lennard-Jones model of argon. With HS a probability Pi approximating the Boltzmann probability of system configuration i is calculated with a stepwise reconstruction procedure, based on adding atoms gradually layer-by-layer to an initially empty volume, where they are replaced in their positions at i. At each step a transition probability (TP) is obtained from local grand canonical partition functions calculated over a limited space of the still unvisited (future) volume, the larger this space the better the approximation. Pi is the product of the step TPs, where ln Pi is an upper bound of the absolute entropy, which leads to upper and lower bounds for the.
Group MRF for fMRI activation detection

Noise confounds present serious complications to accurate data analysis in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Simply relying on contextual image information often results in unsatisfactory segmentation of active brain regions. To remedy this, we propose a novel Group Markov Random Field (Group MRF) that extends the neighborhood system to other subjects to incorporate group information in modeling each subject's brain activation. Our approach has the distinct advantage of being able to regularize the states of both intra- and inter-subject neighbors without having to create a stringent one-to-one voxel correspondence as in standard fMRI group analysis. Also, our method can be efficiently implemented as a single MRF, hence enabling activation maps of a group of subjects to be simultaneously and collaboratively segmented. We validate on both synthetic and real fMRI data and demonstrate superior performance over standard analysis techniques.
A Markov Test for Alpha

Alpha is the amount by which the returns from a given asset exceed the returns from the wider market. The standard way of estimating alpha is to correct for correlation with the market by regressing the asset's returns against the market returns over an extended period of time and then apply the t-test to the intercept. The difficulty is that the residuals often fail to satisfy independence and normality; in fact, portfolio managers may have an incentive to employ strategies whose residuals depart by design from independence and normality. To address these problems we propose a robust test for alpha based on the Markov inequality. Since it is based on the compound value of the estimated excess returns, we call it the compound alpha test (CAT). Unlike the t-test, our test places no restrictions of returns while retaining substantial statistical power. The method is illustrated on the distribution for three assets: a stock, a hedge fund, and a fabricated fund that is deliberately designed to fool standard tests of significance.
Comments on Dietary Restriction, Okinawa Diet and Longevity

Longevity in Okinawa is considered to be a result of traditional low calorie diet. Le Bourg suggests that Okinawa is an example of severe malnutrition, which is harmful for later generations. We believe that current loss of longevity advantage in Okinawa is a result of diet westernization and that the dietary restriction is a valid way of life extension in humans.
Better serving the needs of limited English proficient (LEP) students in the mainstream classroom: examining the impact of an inquiry‐based hybrid professional development program

In this study, the authors examine the impact of an English as a second language (ESL) professional development offering designed to meet this challenge: the Modular Design for English Language Learners (MODELL) instruction program. The authors were part of a team of faculty that designed and developed this hybrid professional development program to support classroom teachers challenged with assessing and addressing the educational needs of limited English proficient (LEP) students. The authors theorize that observing and describing the trajectory and complexities of the professional development process might offer significant insights for teacher educators regarding ways to prepare teachers for working in culturally and linguistically diverse classrooms. What was discovered through this study was that the teachers learned a lot about themselves and what they were capable of doing in the classroom; they learned that their peers struggled with similar issues and that out of this camaraderie, a solid support network could be established; and they learned that the multicultural classroom environment could be an asset to teaching and learning.
Effects of Ketamine on In Vivo Cardiac Sympathetic Nerve Endings

Summary: Using the dialysis technique, we examined the effect of ketamine on dialysate norepinephrine (NE) levels in the myocardial interstitial space in anesthetized cats. Dialysis probes were implanted in the left ventricular myocardium, and we measured the dialysate NE levels serving as an indicator of NE output at the cardiac sympathetic nerve endings. During local administration of ketamine (10 mM), we examined the time‐course of the change in dialysate NE levels and the dialysate NE response to coronary occlusion. Dialysate NE levels significantly increased from 39 ± 7 pg/ml at control to 133 ± 22 pg/ml 30 min after beginning the ketamine administration. Addition of either &ohgr;‐conotoxin GVIA (N‐type calcium channel blocker) at 10 μg/kg intravenously or desipramine (neuronal NE transport blocker) at 100 μM did not inhibit the increment in dialysate NE evoked by ketamine. These findings suggest that the increase in dialysate NE evoked by ketamine is dependent neither on the activity of NE exocytosis nor on the neuronal NE transport. Left descending coronary artery occlusion evoked increments in dialysate NE. The addition of ketamine augmented the dialysate NE response to coronary occlusion. A ketamine‐induced increment in dialysate NE might occur as a consequence of NE exocytosis independent or membrane NE transport insensitive efflux of NE.
A Framework for Dening Equivalence Preserving Program Simplication and Its Application to Program Slicing. Technical Report, 7 Conclusions

(1986). The relationship between program complexity and slice complexity during debugging tasks. A parallel algorithm for static program slicing. In this paper we have shown that developers can analyse their systems by diving them up into a number of simpler programs which capture a sub{component of the original computation. We have used program slicing as a means of sub{ division, but have modied the denition of a slice to extend its applicability:-We have relaxed the restriction that a slice should be a subset of the program from which it is constructed. We call the syntactically unrestricted form of a slice a `projection', because it's dening property is that it preserves a projection of the semantics of the original program. Projections are typically thinner than the corresponding slices, which, we claim, makes them ideally suited to bug detection whilst slicing is better suited to bug location. We have also allowed programs to be re{written, by introducing pseudo variables to capture previously implicit computations. Denoting these implicit computations with program variables allows them to form the subject of a slicing (or projection) criterion, and thus allows us to construct slices and projections which isolate and explicitly capture the implicit computation present in the original program. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Information Processing Limitted for Supplying us with their Cantata Tool for Software Testing and Measurement. Dan Simpson and his colleagues are collaborating with this work and their input has been extremely valuable in formulating and improving upon the work reported here. 21 of the PDG (a `dynamic' PDG). Each of the four algorithms embody various space{time{accuracy trade{os. have separately examined the problems associated with pointers in their approaches to slicing. have examined the problem of using the PDG approach in the presence of unconditional goto statements, arriving at similar conclusions. Choi and Ferrante present two algorithms for handling goto statements, the second of which is interesting because it introduces new goto statements in the process of slice construction, and so, like our projections, does not respect the syntactic properties of a slice. have described the way slices can be used as a basis for measuring cohesion. have used program slices as a basis for a semantic approach to the integration of two variants of a common`base' program. Nahid Shahmehri (Shahmehri, 1991) has used slicing as part of a Gener-alised Algorithmic Debugger, and her colleague, Mariam Kamkar (Kamkar, 1993) uses a variant …
Exploring high bandwidth pipelined cache architecture for scaled technology

In this paper, we propose a design technique to pipeline cache memories for high bandwidth applications. With the scaling of technology, cache access latencies are multiple clock cycles. The proposed pipelined cache architecture can be accessed every clock cycle and, thereby, enhances bandwidth and overall processor performance. The proposed architecture utilizes the idea of banking to reduce bit-line and word-line delay, making word-line to sense amplifier delay fit into a single clock cycle. Experimental results show that optimal banking allows the cache to be split into multiple stages whose delays are equal to the clock cycle time. The proposed design is fully scalable and can be applied to future technology generations. Power, delay and area estimates show that on average, the proposed pipelined cache improves MOPS (millions of operations per unit time per unit area per unit energy) by 40-50% compared to current cache architectures.
Age-based cooperative caching in Information-Centric Networks

Information-Centric Networking (ICN) provides substantial flexibility for users to obtain information. One of the most important commonalities of ICN designs is the universal caching. It is widely accepted that the in-network caching would improve performance. However, there has been no consensus on how to design an efficient caching scheme in ICN network. In this paper we propose an age-based cooperative cache scheme aiming at reducing network delay and publisher load for ICN network. We focus on light-weight collaboration mechanisms that spread popular contents to the network edge while at the same time fully utilize the storage capacity of intermediate nodes. We evaluate the effectiveness of our scheme under real traces and realistic network topology. The results indicate that our scheme achieves significant performance gains.
Neonatal outcomes after prenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants and maternal depression using population-based linked health data.

CONTEXT Prenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants and maternal depression both alter neonatal health, and distinguishing the effects of each influence remains challenging. OBJECTIVE To determine whether exposure to SSRIs and depression differs from exposure to maternal depression alone. DESIGN Using population health data, records of neonatal birth outcomes were linked to records of maternal health and prenatal maternal prescriptions for SSRIs. SETTING Population of British Columbia, Canada. PARTICIPANTS Mothers and their infants, representing all live births during a 39-month period (N = 119,547) (1998-2001). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes from infants of depressed mothers treated with SSRIs (SE-D) were compared with outcomes from infants of depressed mothers not treated with medication (DE) and nonexposed controls. To control for maternal mental illness severity, propensity score matching was used to identify a comparison group of DE mothers who were similar to the SE-D mothers in characteristics in the year preceding and during pregnancy. RESULTS Fourteen percent of mothers were diagnosed as having depression during their pregnancy, and the incidence of prenatal SSRI exposure increased from 2.3% to 5.0% during a 39-month period. Birth weight and gestational age for SE-D infants were significantly less than for DE infants, as was the proportion of infants born at less than 37 weeks (95% confidence interval [CI], -1 to -64, -0.25 to -0.45, and -0.009 to -0.04, respectively), although differences in the incidence of birth weight less than the 10th percentile for gestational age were not significant. An increased proportion of SE-D infants had neonatal respiratory distress (13.9% vs 7.8%), jaundice (9.4% vs 7.5%), and feeding problems (3.9% vs 2.4%) compared with DE infants (95% CI of difference, 0.042-0.079, 0.003-0.334, and 0.005-0.025, respectively). When outcomes were compared between SE-D and propensity score-matched DE neonates, SE-D was associated with increased incidence of birth weight below the 10th percentile and rates of respiratory distress. CONCLUSION With linked population health data and propensity score matching, prenatal SE-D exposure was associated with an increased risk of low birth weight and respiratory distress, even when maternal illness severity was accounted for.