Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A High-Quality Dopant-Free Electron-Selective Passivating Contact Made from Ultra-Low Concentration Water Solution

Crystalline silicon solar cells produced by doping processes have intrinsic shortages of high Auger recombination and/or severe parasitic optical absorption. Dopant-free carrier-selective contacts (DF-CSCs) are alternative routines for the next generation of highly efficient solar cells. However, it is difficult to achieve both good passivating and low contact resistivity for most DF-CSCs. In this paper, a high-quality dopant-free electron-selective passivating contact made from ultra-low concentration water solution is reported. Both low recombination current (J0) ~10 fA/cm2 and low contact resistivity (ρc) ~31 mΩ·cm2 are demonstrated with this novel contact on intrinsic amorphous silicon thin film passivated n-Si. The electron selectivity is attributed to relieving of the interfacial Fermi level pinning because of dielectric properties (decaying of the metal-induced gap states (MIGS)). The full-area implementation of the novel passivating contact shows 20.4% efficiency on a prototype solar cell without an advanced lithography process. Our findings offer a very simple, cost-effective, and efficient solution for future semiconductor devices, including photovoltaics and thin-film transistors.
Further Observations of the Orion Nebula Cluster

New spectral types for 16 stars, UBVRI photometry for 13 stars and UBVRIHKL photometry for 35 stars in the Orion Nebula cluster are presented. Analysis of these data together with those of Penston (1973) shows that the reddening law in the cluster is normal. Previous claims for high ratios of total to selective absorption are caused by mistaking infrared emission for a hole in the absorption at that wavelength. The distance modulus of M42 is 8.0 + or - 0.1 mag. Star formation in the cluster has been in progress over the last 10 million yr. The infrared colors of cluster stars are correlated with their range of variation in the optical region.
The Use of Clustering to Understand Disease Progression in Rheumatoid Arthritis

In this paper we examine data representing patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). This is an important medical conditions that affects a proportion of the adult population and is very disabling. The data contains some demographics as well as follow up for up to 20 years where objective measures of ‘joint involvement’, e.g. counts of how many tender or swollen joints are present in a given follow up year, are recorded.To date the patterns of disease progression and joint involvement have not been investigated in detail for RA. We propose a clustering approach to extract patterns of joint involvement in disease progression for groups of patients. For this, we investigate how to measure distance for the type of data we analyse which consists of multiple attributes each corresponding to years of follow up measuring a particular objective measure. We settle for an aggregate Dynamic Time Warping measure of distance between patients and use it in combination with K-means clustering to cluster our patient trajectories. Our preliminary results, with some interpretation, show that it is possible to cluster such complex data to extract some meaningful patterns of joint involvement in disease progression.
STRATEGI ADAPTASI PEMANDU WISATA DI TAMAN NASIONAL TANJUNG PUTING (TNTP) PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH DALAM MENGHADAPI PANDEMI COVID-19

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: menganalisis kondisi sosial ekonomi pramuwisata di Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting sebelum dan selama Pandemi COVID-19 serta menganalisis strategi adaptasi Pramuwisata dalam menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui wawancara terstruktur, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan: profesi pemandu wisata memiliki potensi yang besar, terlihat dari tingginya permintaan jasa tersebut dan pendapatan yang menjanjikan. Pandemi COVID-19 berdampak besar pada profesi, pemandu wisata kehilangan pekerjaan, pendapatan menurun, dan gaya hidup berubah. Untuk bertahan di tengah kondisi tersebut, berbagai strategi adaptasi telah dilakukan seperti mencari alternatif pekerjaan, mengelola aset dan pengeluaran, memaksimalkan bantuan pemerintah, memberikan pelatihan sesuai kebutuhan pramuka di era new normal, selalu memberikan informasi terkini. tentang pariwisata. Pramuwisata memiliki peluang yang baik namun masuknya pandemi COVID-19 sangat berdampak pada profesi ini, menghadapi kondisi tersebut para pramuwisata bersama HPI (Himpunan Pramuwisata Indonesia) melakukan berbagai strategi adaptasi untuk bertahan di tengah pandemi COVID-19
Highly Sensitive Micro-Opto-Electromechanical Systems Accelerometer Based on MIM Waveguide Wavelength Modulation

In this article, a novel micro-opto-electro- mechanical system (MOEMS) accelerometer sensor based on metal–insulator–metal (MIM) waveguide wavelength modulation is proposed. The device senses the vibration signal of external acceleration by the mechanical sensing system and uses the MIM waveguide in the optical sensing system to sense the displacement of the mechanical vibration component to cause the change of the light wavelength. The characteristics of the optical sensing system and the mechanical sensing system of the MOEMS accelerometer are analyzed by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and finite-element analysis (FEA) methods, respectively. The simulation results show that the proposed accelerometer sensor has an optical system sensitivity of up to 7.827 in the wavelength modulation range of 1–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$12~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, a mechanical sensitivity of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.292963~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/g, a natural frequency of 939.28 Hz, and a linear measurement range of ±4.4 g. Surprisingly, we obtained accelerometer sensitivity up to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.293~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/g and resolution up to 436.1 ng (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\delta \lambda ={1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> pm). We also show the performance advantages of this accelerometer with high sensitivity and high resolution over the measurement range by comparing this MOEMS accelerometer sensor with previously reported work. Based on these performance characteristics, we expect this work to be widely used in high-precision measurements for inertial navigation.
The backward problem of a stochastic PDE with bi-harmonic operator driven by fractional Brownian motion

ABSTRACT This paper is concerned with a backward problem of a stochastic partial differential equation with bi-harmonic operator. The source term is driven by fractional Brownian motion. Based on the Gevrey-type space, the regularity of the mild solution is studied. However, this problem is ill-posed since it is unstable. The instability is discussed in the sense of expectation and variance. Moreover, a regularization method is proposed. The error estimation between the regularization solution and the mild solution is given using an a prior parameter choice rule.
Real-Time Stereo Visual Odometry Based on an Improved KLT Method

Real-time stereo visual odometry (SVO) localization is a challenging problem, especially for a mobile platform without parallel computing capability. A possible solution is to reduce the computational complexity of SVO using a Kanade–Lucas–Tomasi (KLT) feature tracker. However, the standard KLT is susceptible to scale distortion and affine transformation. Therefore, this work presents a novel SVO algorithm yielding robust and real-time localization based on an improved KLT method. First, in order to improve real-time performance, feature inheritance is applied to avoid time-consuming feature detection and matching processes as much as possible. Furthermore, a joint adaptive function with respect to the average disparity, translation velocity, and yaw angle is proposed to determine a suitable window size for the adaptive KLT tracker. Then, combining the standard KLT method with an epipolar constraint, a simplified KLT matcher is introduced to substitute feature-based stereo matching. Additionally, an effective veer chain matching scheme is employed to reduce the drift error. Comparative experiments on the KITTI odometry benchmark show that the proposed method achieves significant improvement in terms of time performance than the state-of-the-art single-thread approaches and strikes a better trade-off between efficiency and accuracy than the parallel SVO or multi-threaded SLAM.
Spectral features, effects, and cures

The presence of structures, as observed in real data from earth observing satellites, that are due to the on-board diffusers are discussed. These structures are shown to be caused by the speckles created by the diffusers in the entrance slit of the spectrometer. A dedicated set-up for the study of these spectral features will be presented together with results on different types of diffusers, i.e. surface diffusers and volume diffusers. Finally, methods to reduce the amplitude of the spectral features will be presented. These methods become more important since the use of infra red channels at high spectral resolutions is aimed for in future missions.
Global to Local: A Hierarchical Detection Algorithm for Hyperspectral Image Target Detection

Hyperspectral image (HSI) has received considerable attention in the field of target detection due to its powerful ability to capture the spectral information of land covers, and plenty of detection algorithms have been explored. However, these methods generally leverage the difference between the spectrum of the target to be detected and the background spectrum to accomplish target detection, and so are susceptible to the problem of spectral variability. In this article, we propose a global to local hierarchical detection algorithm for HSI (G2LHTD). First, extended morphological attribute profile (EMAP) is first used to model global spatial texture information from HSI. Subsequently, a diverse-direction constrained energy minimization ( $\text{D}^{2}$ CEM) detector is developed to consider the spatial information within eight neighborhoods around each pixel in HSI, yielding comprehensive local spatial information. More substantially, to effectively discriminate the neighborhood information in diverse directions, we devise an adaptive neighborhood feature aggregation (ANFA) strategy, which will comprehensively evaluate the significance of neighborhood information in diverse directions. As a result, the spatial features of HSI can be comprehensively considered for hyperspectral target detection (HTD). Extensive experiments, conducted on four standard datasets, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The codes of this work will be available at https://github.com/zhonghaochen/G2LHTD_Master for the sake of reproducibility.
Southern Sky Redshift Survey - The catalog

The catalog of radial velocities for galaxies which comprise the diameter-limited sample of the Southern Sky Redshift Survey is presented. It consolidates the data of observations carried out at the Las Campanas Observatory, Observatorio Nacional, and South African Astronomical Observatory. The criteria used for the sample selection are described, as well as the observational procedures and the technique utilized to obtain the final radial velocities. The intercomparison between radial velocity measurements from different telescopes indicates that the final data base is fairly homogeneous with a typical error of about 40 km/s. The sample is at present 90 percent complete, and the missing galaxies are predominantly objects with very low surface brightness for which it is very difficult to obtain optical redshifts. 20 refs.
Physicochemical Modifications on Thin Films of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) and Its Nanocomposite with Expanded Graphite Nanostructured by Ultraviolet and Infrared Femtosecond Laser Irradiation

In this work, the formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on the surfaces of thin films of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and PET reinforced with expanded graphite (EG) was studied. Laser irradiation was carried out by ultraviolet (265 nm) and near-infrared (795 nm) femtosecond laser pulses, and LIPSS were formed in both materials. In all cases, LIPSS had a period close to the irradiation wavelength and were formed parallel to the polarization of the laser beam, although, in the case of UV irradiation, differences in the formation range were observed due to the different thermal properties of the neat polymer in comparison to the composite. To monitor the modification of the physicochemical properties of the surfaces after irradiation as a function of the laser wavelength and of the presence of the filler, different techniques were used. Contact angle measurements were carried out using different reference liquids to measure the wettability and the solid surface free energies. The initially hydrophilic surfaces became more hydrophilic after ultraviolet irradiation, while they evolved to become hydrophobic under near-infrared laser irradiation. The values of the surface free energy components showed changes after nanostructuring, mainly in the polar component. Additionally, for UV-irradiated surfaces, adhesion, determined by the colloidal probe technique, increased, while, for NIR irradiation, adhesion decreased. Finally, nanomechanical properties were measured by the PeakForce Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping method, obtaining maps of elastic modulus, adhesion, and deformation. The results showed an increase in the elastic modulus in the PET/EG, confirming the reinforcing action of the EG in the polymer matrix. Additionally, an increase in the elastic modulus was observed after LIPSS formation.
Generalised likelihood-ratio detection of multiple-hop frequency-hopping signals

A noncoherent, soft-decision combining processor for the multiple-hop detection of frequency-hopping signals is developed, based on a generalised likelihood-ratio test argument. Hop rate, hop transition times, and the set of candidate carrier frequencies are assumed to be known throughout. The proposed receiver has a simple structure: it consists of a bank of per-hop envelope detectors, a per-hop 'select-the-maximum' operation, a soft-decision accumulator over hops, and a final threshold comparison. For a large number of observed signal hops, this receiver is analysed on the basis of a Gaussian, central-limit theorem type of argument for the decision statistic. A simple formula that relates the detection probability, the false alarm probability, and the signal-to-noise ratio is derived and found adequate for performance purposes. This line of analysis is well supported by extensive simulation. It is shown analytically that the performance of the soft-decision receiver is better than the noncoherent hard-decision combining receiver, which is typically referred to in the literature as the 'multiple-hop maximum-likelihood receiver'.
Robust C(Alpha)-type Tests for Linear Models.

Abstract : A new class of tests that can be viewed as a generalization of Neyman's optimal C(Alpha) test is introduced. An otpimally robust test which maximizes the aymptotic power within this class, subject to a bounded influence function, is selected. It is shown that it is equivalent to a certain asymptotically minimax test proposed by Wang (1981). Finally, some numerical results on the asymptotic behavior of robust C(Alpha)-type tests under several errors' and carriers' distributions are discussed. (Author)
Recent Applications of Contact Lenses for Bacterial Corneal Keratitis Therapeutics: A Review

Corneal keratitis is a common but severe infectious disease; without immediate and efficient treatment, it can lead to vision loss within a few days. With the development of antibiotic resistance, novel approaches have been developed to combat corneal keratitis. Contact lenses were initially developed to correct vision. Although silicon hydrogel-based contact lenses protect the cornea from hypoxic stress from overnight wear, wearing contact lenses was reported as an essential cause of corneal keratitis. With the development of technology, contact lenses are integrated with advanced functions, and functionalized contact lenses are used for killing bacteria and preventing infectious corneal keratitis. In this review, we aim to examine the current applications of contact lenses for anti-corneal keratitis.
Narrow-Linewidth Diffraction-Limited Tapered Er-Doped Fiber Amplifier with 2 mJ Pulse Energy

The possibility to scale-up output pulse energy in diffraction-limited Er-doped fiber amplifier has been studied. It is shown that the utilization of tapered fiber design allows one to increase the pulse energy up to 2 mJ, while keeping the diffraction-limited beam quality (M2~1.4). Factors limiting the further increase in pulse energy are revealed.
Compact Multilayered Balanced-to-Balanced Dual- and Tri-Band Diplexers Based on Magnetically Coupled Open-Loop Resonators

Two new compact balanced-to-balanced diplexers composed of two multiband balanced bandpass filters in a multilayer configuration are proposed in this letter to perform dual- and tri-band responses. The balanced bandpass filters are based on the use of magnetically coupled open-loop resonators. The magnetic coupling results in a strong inherent common-mode rejection, greater than 40 dB within all the dual-band diplexer passbands and greater than 30 dB for the tri-band diplexer passbands. All passbands in both diplexers are close to each other and well separated thanks to the presence of several transmission zeroes between them. Operating frequencies have been selected to be within the L band, used for many applications such as mobile services or satellite navigation. Specifically, the dual-band diplexer passbands are located at 1.08/1.58 GHz and 1.3/1.8 GHz with fractional bandwidths of 7/5.2 % and 7.4/5.5 %, while the tri-band diplexer passbands are located at 1.7/2.2/2.79 GHz and 1.97/2.37/2.95 GHz with fractional bandwidths of 4.1/4.6/3.5 % and 5.6/4.6/3.7 %. Measurements of two different prototypes are provided to validate the obtained simulation results, illustrating in this manner the usefulness of the proposed design methodology.
Vibration, Buckling and Dynamic Stability of a Cracked Cylindrical Shell with Time-Varying Rotating Speed

Vibration, linear elastic buckling and dynamic stability behaviors of a cracked cylindrical shell with time-varying rotating speed are analyzed. Finite element method is used to obtain the system mass and stiffness matrix, and Bolotin's method is applied to explore the dynamic stability region. The effects of constant rotating speed, crack length and orientation, and length-diameter ratio of the cylindrical shell on the free-vibration and buckling behaviors are investigated. The stability characteristics of the cracked shell are also researched and the influences of crack length, crack orientation, rotating speed basic value, steady load factor, dynamic load factor and damping ratio are considered. Numerical examples show that crack length and orientation can affect the vibration, buckling and dynamic stability behavior of cylindrical shell significantly.
A Lightweight Multitask Learning Model With Adaptive Loss Balance for Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Size Estimation

Accurate tropical cyclone (TC) intensity and size estimation are key in disaster management and prevention. While great breakthroughs have been made in TC intensity estimation research, there is currently a lack of research on TC size reflecting TC influence radius. Therefore, we propose a lightweight multi-task learning model (TC-MTLNet) with adaptive loss balance to simultaneously estimate TC intensity and size. Adaptive loss balance is utilized to solve the problem of inconsistent convergence speed of TC intensity and size estimation tasks. The model based on four 2-D convolutions, four 3-D convolutions and three fully connected layers takes up less computational and storage space and improves the accuracy of TC intensity and size estimation by sharing knowledge among multiple tasks. In addition, due to the imbalanced distribution of TC samples, with significantly few low-intensity and high-intensity TC satellite data, this phenomenon poses a great challenge to TC intensity and size estimation. So, we utilize the influence of nearby samples to calibrate the sample density to weight the loss function to enable the model to be generalized to all samples. The result shows that the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of TC intensity estimation is $\text{8.40}\,\text{kts}$, which is 33.5% lower than that of the Advanced Dvorak Technique (ADT) and 11.4% lower than that of the deep learning method (3DAttentionTCNet). The mean absolute error (MAE) of the TC size estimation is $\text{20.89}\,\text{nmi}$, which is a 16% reduction compared to the Multi-Platform Tropical Cyclone Surface Winds Analysis (MTCSWA).
Regulation of Epstein-Barr Virus Minor Capsid Protein BORF1 by TRIM5α

TRIM5α is a host anti-retroviral restriction factor that destroys human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virions and triggers innate immune signaling. TRIM5α also mediates the autophagic degradation of target proteins via TRIMosome formation. We previously showed that TRIM5α promotes Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Rta ubiquitination and attenuates EBV lytic progression. In this study, we sought to elucidate whether TRIM5α can interact with and induce the degradation of EBV capsid proteins. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) pulldown and immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to identify interacting proteins, and mutants were generated to investigate key binding domains and ubiquitination sites. Results showed that TRIM5α binds directly with BORF1, an EBV capsid protein with a nuclear localization signal (NLS) that enables the transport of EBV capsid proteins into the host nucleus to facilitate capsid assembly. TRIM5α promotes BORF1 ubiquitination, which requires the surface patch region in the TRIM5α PRY/SPRY domain. TRIM5α expression also decreases the stability of BORF1(6KR), a mutant with all lysine residues mutated to arginine. However, chloroquine treatment restores the stability of BORF1(6KR), suggesting that TRIM5α destabilizes BORF1 via direct recognition of its substrate for autophagic degradation. These results reveal novel insights into the antiviral impact of TRIM5α beyond retroviruses.
Population Perspectives on Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Essential Health Services—Behavioral Insights from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patterns of use of essential health services (EHS), health-seeking behaviors, and population health and wellbeing in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH) from the perspective of its adult population. A population-based survey was implemented in the FBiH in December 2020 on a sample of 1068 adults. Overall, 64% of respondents received care, significantly more being women (67% vs. 61%, p = 0.046), those with a chronic disease (CD) (75% vs. 65%, p < 0.001), and of an older age (58% in 18–34 vs. 67% in older, p = 0.031). These groups also postponed care more often (39% in 55+ vs. 31% in 18–34 years old, p = 0.01; 55% with CD vs. 31% without, p < 0.001; and 43% in females vs. 32% males, p < 0.001). Main reasons for postponing care were lack of available appointments and fear of infection. The presence of a CD was the strongest predictor of need, access, and disruptions of health care. Respondents reported increased expenses for medicines (40%) and health services (30%). The findings of the survey add user insights into EHS disruptions to existing health statistics and other data and may be used to inform strategies for mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on the disruption of health care services, strengthening health system preparedness and building resilience for future emergencies.