Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human tear film pre‐rupture phase time (TP‐RPT)‐A non‐invasive technique for evaluating the pre‐corneal tear film using a novel keratometer mire

A non‐invasive method of assessing the stability of the human pre‐corneal tear film is described using a novel keratometer mire designed in the form of a grid pattern (HIR‐CAL Grid). In a laboratory environment, the technique measures with ease and little variability the time taken for the tear film to loose stability and enter the pre‐rupture phase (TP‐RPT) before rupturing (BUT). This technique may prove useful in evaluating the stability or otherwise of the pre‐corneal tear film of prospective contact lens wearer and the pre‐contact lens tear film stability on differing current and new contact lens materials.
Determinants of Behavioural Problems in Romanian Children Adopted in Ontario

Assessments of developmental status, attachment, and behaviour problems were conducted for 56 Romanian orphans adopted in Ontario. The group as a whole was functioning in the normal range and was considered well adjusted, but children who had experienced less than six months of institutional care had better outcomes than the rest on developmental measures. The adoptees showed an unusual distribution of attachment patterns: Secure attachment was less frequent than normally expected and avoidant attachment was not observed. Unexpectedly, neither age at adoption nor length of institutionalisation was related to attachment outcomes and it was suggested that the present preschool attachment system does not adequately capture attachment phenomena in this sample. Children who had more institution experience, those who were developmentally less competent, and those who were insecurely attached had more parent-reported behaviour problems.
Arboreal and Historical Perspectives from Calvino’s Il barone rampante

Abstract This article considers Calvino’s Il barone rampante (1957) as a parable of the deforestation and excessive urban development that took place along the Italian Riviera, starting in the late eighteenth century. The novel’s inter- textual references point to the intellectual foundations of the author’s ecological ethics, and reveal his understanding of the Enlightenment as a culture vested in the protection of its forests and interested in recasting human relationships with the natural world.
Pharmacokinetic and prandial pharmacodynamic properties of insulin degludec/insulin aspart in children, adolescents, and adults with type 1 diabetes

Insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) is a soluble coformulation of long‐acting insulin degludec and short‐acting insulin aspart. This open‐label, Phase 1 study aimed to determine the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of IDegAsp in children (6–11 yr), adolescents (12–17 yr), and adults (18–65 yr) with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Thirty‐eight subjects received single subcutaneous IDegAsp dosing (0.5 U/kg) immediately before a standardized liquid meal (17.3 g carbohydrates/100 mL; adjusted for body weight) followed by plasma glucose (PG) and pharmacokinetic blood sampling for 36 and 57 h, respectively. There were no apparent differences between age groups in PG lowering effect (AUCPG baseline,0–6 h,meal,SD), maximum PG excursion (ΔPGmax,meal,SD), or maximum PG concentration (PGmax,meal,SD) after the standardized meal. Estimated ratios (ERs) for total exposure (AUCIAsp,0–12 h,SD) and maximum concentration (Cmax,IAsp,SD) of IAsp in IDegAsp were children/adults, 1.69 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.02; 2.80) and 1.66 (95% CI: 1.10; 2.51); adolescents/adults, 1.14 (95% CI: 0.76; 1.69) and 1.16 (95% CI: 0.84; 1.61). ERs for total exposure (AUCIDeg,0–∞,SD) and maximum concentration (Cmax,IDeg,SD) of IDeg in IDegAsp were children/adults, 1.42 (95% CI: 0.94; 2.16) and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.09; 1.76); adolescents/adults, 1.23 (95% CI: 0.96; 1.58) and 1.16 (95% CI: 0.95; 1.42). IDegAsp was well tolerated across age groups. The fast onset of prandial coverage of IAsp in IDegAsp and the ultra‐long pharmacokinetic properties of IDeg in IDegAsp were preserved in children and adolescents. Exposure to IAsp and IDeg seemed to be higher in children vs. adults, but no differences were observed in PG lowering effect. IDegAsp could be an alternative treatment option in children and adolescents with T1DM.
The (54Fe+58Ni)/56Ni ratio as a second parameter for Type Ia supernova properties

A variation of the relative content of ( 54 Fe+ 58 Ni) versus 56 Ni may be responsible for the observed scatter of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) about a mean relation between their intrinsic brightness and the shape of their light curve. Synthetic light curves are computed from parametrized Chandrasekhar-mass explosion models of constant kinetic energy, where the ejecta are divided into an inner nuclear statistical equilibrium (NSE) zone, composed of ( 54 Fe+ 58 Ni) inside and 56 Ni outside, an outer zone with intermediate-mass elements, and a CO zone. Both the size of the NSE zone and the fraction of ( 54 Fe+ 58 Ni) versus 56 Ni are varied systematically. Models with the same original NSE content but different ( 54 Fe+ 58 Ni)/ 56 Ni ratios reach different peak brightness but have similar light curve shapes. Synthetic spectra indicate that the V-band decline rate is not affected by the ( 54 Fe+ 58 Ni)/ 56 Ni ratio. While the 56 Ni mass and the total NSE mass are the dominant parameters that determine the peak luminosity and the shape of the light curve, respectively, a variation in the ( 54 Fe+ 58 Ni)/ 56 Ni ratio, which may depend on the metallicity of the progenitor is likely to account for a significant part of the observed scatter of local SNe Ia about the mean brightness‐decline rate relation.
Security Verification for Authentication and Key Exchange Protocols, Revisited

It is preferable for authentication and key exchange protocols to be verified automatically and rapidly in accordance with security requirements. We proposed a security verification method (OKT method) for authentication and key exchange protocols based on Bellare et al.'s model (BPR model). However, there is an estrangement between the security of the OKT method and the BPR model. In this paper, we reconsider the OKT method and once again propose a security verification method for authentication and key exchange protocols based on the BPR model. In particular, we show the novel verification points for each security property in the authentication and key exchange protocols.
Driver's Trust in Automted Driving when Passing Other Traffic Objects

The aim of this study was to investigate perspectives for securing driver's trust in automated driving. We considered driving scenes of passing other traffic objects (a bicycle or a scooter) and the relationship between the drivers' trust and the variety of speeding, taking lateral distance and steering timing by automated driving. A driving simulator study was implemented to investigate effects of applying characteristics of manual driving for each driver into design on drivers' trust when passing the objects. The results showed that driver's trust was affected by driver subjective speed, lateral distance and steering timing for automated driving. A longer lateral distance and an earlier steering timing for automated driving compared to manual driving contributed to subjectively appropriate speed and steering timing. Moreover the automated passing speed was regarded as an appropriate one if automated vehicles take the same or slightly slower speed compared to manual driving.
Behavior of Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms on Many-Objective Knapsack Problems

We examine the behavior of three classes of evolutionary multiobjective optimization (EMO) algorithms on many-objective knapsack problems. They are Pareto dominance-based, scalarizing function-based, and hypervolume-based algorithms. NSGA-II, MOEA/D, SMS-EMOA, and HypE are examined using knapsack problems with 2-10 objectives. Our test problems are generated by randomly specifying coefficients (i.e., profits) in objectives. We also generate other test problems by combining two objectives to create a dependent or correlated objective. Experimental results on randomly generated many-objective knapsack problems are consistent with well-known performance deterioration of Pareto dominance-based algorithms. That is, NSGA-II is outperformed by the other algorithms. However, it is also shown that NSGA-II outperforms the other algorithms when objectives are highly correlated. MOEA/D shows totally different search behavior depending on the choice of a scalarizing function and its parameter value. Some MOEA/D variants work very well only on two-objective problems while others work well on many-objective problems with 4-10 objectives. We also obtain other interesting observations such as the performance improvement by similar parent recombination and the necessity of diversity improvement for many-objective knapsack problems.
Les pressions écologiques réglementaires : comment les entreprises tunisiennes les gèrent-elles ?

Les entreprises sont de plus en plus appelees aujourd’hui a prendre en consideration les aspects environnementaux dans leur gestion. Elles sont la cible des pressions environnementales dont la principale source est les pouvoirs publics. Ainsi, le present papier se propose d’etudier la nature de la relation entre les entreprises et les pouvoirs publics en matiere de protection de l’environnement. Afin d’atteindre cet objectif, une etude de cas est effectuee sur 8 entreprises tunisiennes dont deux sont certifiees par la norme ISO 14001. Les resultats montrent que toutes les entreprises ont fait l’objet d’inspections periodiques et de penalites de la part des pouvoirs publics qui constituent la principale et parfois l’unique source de pression environnementale dans le contexte tunisien. Ces entreprises trouvent que les normes legislatives environnementales sont difficiles a atteindre. Aussi, les resultats identifient deux types de relations entre les entreprises et les pouvoirs publics : cooperative et conflictuelle. De meme, l’etude de cas montre que les pressions environnementales ont diminue suite aux actions environnementales effectuees mais demeurent toujours presentes.
Creating Crossroads for Self-Authorship: Investigating the Provocative Moment

Through examination of 613 students' narratives about self-selected important decisions, I investigated the student and situation characteristics related to provocation and use of self-authored ways of knowing. The findings gesture toward both particular skills students may need to develop in order to self-author, as well as suggest that movement through The Crossroads (Baxter Magolda, 2001) may be externally induced through programming, interventions, and reforms related to common collegiate experiences.
Tissue-specific Alterations of Glucose Transport and Molecular Mechanisms of Intertissue Communication in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Insulin resistance plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Insulin regulates blood glucose levels primarily by promoting glucose uptake from the blood into multiple tissues and by suppressing glucose production from the liver. The glucose transporter, GLUT4, mediates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue. Decreased GLUT4 expression in adipose tissue is a common feature of many insulin resistant states. GLUT4 expression is preserved in skeletal muscle in many insulin resistant states. However, functional defects in the intracellular trafficking and plasma membrane translocation of GLUT4 result in impaired insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in muscle. Tissue-specific genetic knockout of GLUT4 expression in adipose tissue or muscle of mice has provided new insights into the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. We recently determined that the expression of serum retinol binding protein (RBP4) is induced in adipose tissue as a consequence of decreased GLUT4 expression. We found that RBP4 is elevated in the serum of insulin resistant humans and mice. Furthermore, we found that increasing serum RBP4 levels by transgenic overexpression or by injection of purified RBP4 protein into normal mice causes insulin resistance. Therefore, RBP4 appears to play an important role in mediating adipose tissue communication with other insulin target tissues in insulin resistant states.
ON A TWO DIMENSIONAL KNAPSACK PROBLEM WITH UNLOADING CONSTRAINTS ∗

In this paper we address the two-dimensional knapsack problem with unloading constraints: we have a bin B, and a list L of n rectangular items, each item with a class value in {1, . , C}. The problem is to pack a subset of L into B, maximizing the total profit of packed items, where the packing must satisfy the unloading constraint: while removing one item a, items with higher class values can not block a. We present a (4 + )-approximation algorithm when the bin is a square. We also present (3 + )-approximation algorithms for two special cases of this problem. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. 68W25,05B40,90C27.
Peratrial Device Closure of Atrial Septal Defect Under Transesophageal Echocardiographic Guidance without Fluoroscopy Compared to Conventional On-Pump Surgical Closure

Objective This study is designed to evaluate the advantages between peratrial device closure under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance and open heart surgery in atrial septal defect. Methods From November 2011 to September 2014, 28 patients with atrial septal defect were treated. Fourteen patients received peratrial device closure under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance (TEE group) and 14 patients received cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB group). Clinical parameters during intraoperative and postoperative periods were examined. Results All patients recovered after surgery without serious complications. Compared with that in CPB group, clinical observations in TEE group showed significant decreases in the operation time (193.6±35.5 vs. 77.4±22.7 min, P<0.05), periods in intensive care unit (31.6±23.3 vs. 17.5±8.1 hours, P<0.05), fluid volume after operation (502.5±439.3 vs. 32.5±7.3 ml, P<0.05), postoperative length of hospital stay (8.9±2.8 vs. 6.8±2.4 days, P<0.05) and total hospitalization cost (7205.9±1617.6 vs. 5882.3±441.2 $, P<0.05). Conclusion The peratrial device closure of atrial septal defect under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance is a mini-invasive, simple, safe and effective intervention. Its use in the clinical practice should be encouraged.
Increased circulating Th22 cells in patients with acute gouty arthritis

Background: T-helper 22 (Th22) cells are involved in host immunity against pathogen invasion and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. However, the roles of Th22 cells in acute gouty arthritis remain unclear. Methods: A case–control study was employed to illustrate the clinical significance of Th22 cells in acute gouty arthritis. In this study, 27 patients with acute gouty arthritis, 22 patients with intercritical gout (IG), and 20 healthy controls were recruited, and peripheral blood cells and plasma were collected for the detection of Th22, Th17, and Th1 cells, and plasma interleukin (IL)-22. Results: The relative and absolute numbers of Th22 and Th17 cells were significantly higher in patients with acute gouty arthritis than in patients with IG and healthy controls. Plasma IL-22 levels were consistently higher in patients with acute gouty arthritis than in patients with IG and healthy controls (P < .05). Th22 cell numbers were positively correlated with Th1 (r = 0.648, P < .05) and Th17 (r = 0.379, P < .05) cell numbers in patients with gout. Moreover, Th22 cell numbers and plasma IL-22 levels were positively correlated with C-reactive protein levels (Th22: r = 0.444, P < .05; IL-22: r = 0.282, P < .05). Conclusion: Our results indicate that peripheral blood levels of Th22 cells increase during acute gouty arthritis suggesting a role for these cells in the pathophysiology of the disease.
Disproportionate Sacrifices: Ricoeur's Theories of Justice and the Widening Participation Agenda for Higher Education in the UK

Ricoeur's theories of justice are used here to examine the injustice of the utilitarian drive to widen participation in higher education in the UK and, in particular, the attribution of low aspirations and achievements to those young people who do not participate in higher education. Government policy is considered through Ricoeur's theory of the just state; and his ‘new commandment’ is used to consider the disproportionate sacrifice required of these young people if they are to enter higher education. Despite its specific focus, the paper's arguments are relevant to all policies that conflate social inclusion and economic development.
Acquisition of formulaic sequences in intensive and regular EFL programmes

This paper aims to analyse the role of time concentration of instructional hours on the acquisition of formulaic sequences in English as a foreign language (EFL). Two programme types that offer the same amount of hours of instruction are considered: intensive (110 hours/1 month) and regular (110 hours/7 months). The EFL learners under study are adults at the beginner (N=35), intermediate (N=44) and advanced levels (N=45). A group of native English speakers (N=12) served as a benchmark. The focus of this study is on the number and range of formulaic sequences the participants used while performing an oral narrative. The results of the statistical analyses show a slight advantage for the learners in the intensive programme, especially at the intermediate level, both in terms of frequency and range of formulaic sequences produced. Moreover, results suggest that there are still marked differences between even the advanced EFL learners in our sample and the native speaker benchmarks, again both in terms of number and range of formulaic sequences.
SpellCheF: Spelling Checker and Corrector for Filipino

SpellCheF is a spell checker for Filipino that uses a hybrid approach in detecting and correcting misspelled words in a document. Its approach is composed of dictionary-lookup, n-gram analysis, Soundex and character distance measurements. It is a plug-in to OpenOffice Writer. Two spelling rules and guidelines, namely, the Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino 2001 Revision of the Alphabet and Guidelines in Spelling the Filipino Language (or KWF), and the Gabay sa Editing sa Wikang Filipino (or GABAY) rulebooks, were incorporated into the system. SpellCheF is composed of three modules, namely the lexicon builder, the detector and the corrector. These three modules used both manual-formulated and learned rules to carry out their tasks. Test results showed that the lexicon builder was able to correctly categorize words based on the spelling rules used. It also generated three databases, namely, (1) the KWF-compliant words database, (2) the Gabay-compliant words database, and (3) the database of words common to both KWF and GABAY. The detector module had an overall error rate of 7% in identifying misspellings. Furthermore, it was observed that n-gram analysis performed better than the simple dictionary look-up. The corrector module had a 94% accuracy rate in generating word suggestions. Results also showed that using the soundex code, more suggestions were generated compared to the use of n-gram analysis. However, the first character of the soundex-based suggestions was always the same as the first character of the misspelled word.
Matrix metalloproteinase-2 as a target for head and neck cancer therapy

Introduction: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 is a zinc-dependent proteinase that is capable of cleaving all extracellular matrix (ECM) substrates. Degradation of the matrix is a key event in the progression, invasion, and metastasis of potentially malignant and malignant lesions of the head and neck. Therefore, blocking MMP-2 expression or activity may present a promising strategy for anticancer treatment. Areas covered: Current understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern MMP-2 regulation and its tumorigenic effects, and that are involved in the initiation and progression of head and neck cancers, in particular the emerging role of MMP-2 in cell migration, which is a prerequisite for tumor metastasis. MMP-2 gene polymorphisms, cellular substrates, and interacting proteins are summarized. The current state of drugs that target this enzyme, either alone or in combination with other targeted agents are also discussed. Expert opinion: MMP-2 has long been a drug target. The current status of MMP-2 inhibitors as anticancer agents and their failure in the clinic is discussed in light of new data on the MMP-2s role as a cell surface transducer – data that may lead to the design and development of novel, MMP-2-targeting inhibitors.
Getting just the standard model at intersecting branes

We present what we believe are the first specific string (D-brane) constructions whose low-energy limit yields just a three generation SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1) standard model with no extra fermions nor U(1)'s (without any further effective field theory assumption). In these constructions the number of generations is given by the number of colours. The Baryon, Lepton and Peccei-Quinn symmetries are necessarily gauged and their anomalies cancelled by a generalized Green-Schwarz mechanism. The corresponding gauge bosons become massive but their presence guarantees automatically proton stability. There are necessarily three right-handed neutrinos and neutrino masses can only be of Dirac type. They are naturally small as a consequence of a PQ-like symmetry. There is a Higgs sector which is somewhat similar to that of the MSSM and the scalar potential parameters have a geometric interpretation in terms of brane distances and intersection angles. Some other physical implications of these constructions are discussed.
The Motor Disorders of Severe Psychiatric Illness: a Conflict of Paradigms

level, 17 subjects per group are required to obtain a significant effect with 80% power in the detection of an effect size 1 (group means separated by one stan dard deviation) (Meredith, 1967). (v) Designs both of change and of final evaluation have advantages and disadvantages, so that both can be considered valid (Cronbach & Furby, 1970). (vi) Articles like that of White (1979) are useful both in statistics seminars and in the planning of a clinical trial, but in the latter it is necessary to take into account other considerations, like those of Kraemer(198l), more removed from â€œ¿ research work that essentially exists only in textbooksâ€•but which help us in the â€œ¿ real world of psychiatric clinical researchâ€•.
Ontwikkelingskoördinasieversteuring (DCD) se verband met leerverwante probleme en ADHD by 6- en 7-jarige kinders in Potchefstroom

The aim of this study was to determine whether relationships exists between DCD (Developmental Coordination Disorder), ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and learning-related problems in children in the age group 6 to 7 years. Ninety-nine (N=99) learners were identified in Potchefstroom, randomly and proportionally representative of various ethnic groups [White (n=37), Black (n=50) and Coloured (n=12)], and evaluated with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Aptitude Test for School Beginners, Taylor Hyperactivity Checklist and the Modified Conner’s Abbreviated Teacher questionnaire. The learning-related skills of children (determined with the ASB) who were classified as DCD ( between DCD and learning related problems compared to between DCD and ADHD, although learning related problems and ADHD showed positive relationships
Women and the Superintendency: Insights From Theory and History

This article examines 20th-century longitudinal data on the American superintendency’s composition by sex. The authors analyze and discuss those data in the light of occupational sex segregation theory to illuminate complexities associated with women’s in roads into historically male work. The authors’ overarching purpose is to deepen understanding of the contemporary superintendency by building on historical and feminist scholarship, situating findings in their social contexts, and considering possibilities for the future.