Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture in the Gauteng Province of South Africa

Commercial restrictions limit the extent of women's participation in the South African economy despite gender equality being valued. Since the implementation of The Women Empowerment Project in 1999, the agricultural sector's contribution has not yet been fully quantified. Women’s opportunities, challenges, and roles in agriculture must be explored further by evaluating resource management strategies and policies. This study aimed to quantify women's empowerment in agriculture using descriptive research methodology. Data were collected and statistically analysed using the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) to identify the origin and extent of female farmers' difficulties. Satisfactory outcomes in production, leadership, assets, income, and time usage were more strongly associated with empowerment than demographic variables, and time available contributed the most to women feeling disempowered. Overall, women reported feeling more empowered compared to men. Disempowerment in male respondents as the control group was attributed to time, workload, and resources. In future studies, gender policies should be further developed to incorporate gender dimension, gender budgeting and sex-disaggregated data administration.
Abundances of disk and bulge giants from hi-res optical spec tra ⋆ I . O , Mg , Ca , and Ti in the Solar neighborhood and Kepler field sa mples

Context. The galactic bulge is an intriguing and significant part of ou r galaxy, but it is hard to observe, being both distant and cov ered by dust in the disk. Therefore there do not exist many high-re solution optical spectra of bulge stars with large waveleng th coverage, whose determined abundances can be compared with nearby, si milarly analyzed stellar samples. Aims. We aim to determine the, for chemical evolution models, so im portant alpha elements of a sample of bulge giants using high resolution optical spectra with large wavelength coverage . Th abundances found will be compared to similarly derived abundances from similar spectra of similar stars in the local thin and th ick disks. In this first paper we focus on the Solar neighborho d reference
FODDER GROWTH AND QUALITY OF TWO VARIETIES OF SORGHUM (bicolor L) IN FIVE TYPES OF SOIL AROUND KHARTOUM

An experiment was conducted at Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum in the period of 2007 to 2008 in summer and winter season to study the effect of different Khartoum state soil on the growth and quality of two varieties of sorghum, bicolor L (Abu- 70) and Pioneer). Five different soils were collected from five different locations around Khartoum state production areas, soil from along river Nil (Entisols)-(G), soil from second terrace of Shambat area. (SH), soil from third terrace at the University of Khartoum farm U of K), soil from eastern Nile (EL-hajyousif area) - (HY) and soil from production area, sand soil (EL-fteehab east) (F). Significant differences (P<0.05) were found between chemical and physical ingredients of soil samples, plant height, stem diameter and number of green leaves Soil (G) increase plant height, stem diameter and number of green leaves. Both sorghum varieties planted in soil (G) recorded significantly (P<0.05) highest values of protein content, in vitro DM digestibility and less crud fiber content compared to other soil types. Therefore, soil (G) was regarded as the best soil in Khartoum State for high quality sorghum fodder production.
Improving the Performance of Deep-Learning-Based Ground-Penetrating Radar Cavity Detection Model using Data Augmentation and Ensemble Techniques

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys are commonly used to monitor embankments, which is a nondestructive geophysical method. The results of GPR surveys can be complex, depending on the situation, and data processing and interpretation are subject to expert experiences, potentially resulting in false detection. Additionally, this process is time-intensive. Consequently, various studies have been undertaken to detect cavities in GPR survey data using deep learning methods. Deep-learning-based approaches require abundant data for training
A Practical Approach for the Hybrid Joint-Space Control of Overconstrained Cable-Driven Parallel Robots

Hybrid joint-space control of overconstrained cable-driven parallel robots requires regulating the length of as many cables as the degrees of freedom of the end-effector, and controlling the tension of the remaining ones. Previous studies showed how to choose which cables to length control, and which ones to tension control, according to minimum tension error propagation techniques. The sets of tension-controlled and length-controlled cables achieving minimum tension error propagation typically vary throughout the workspace, which is an undesirable outcome. This paper aims to achieve practicality in hybrid joint-space control, by investigating which cables to be tension-and length-controlled in the whole workspace, without needing to change such sets. The HRPCable robot at LIRMM is analyzed for this application, and experiments are carried out on it.
Intelligent artifacts removal in a non-invasive single channel EEG recording

Muscle noises, line noises and eye movements are the main interferences that make difficulties when interpreting and analyzing electroencephalographic signals . Many methods have been proposed for artifacts removing from EEG measurements, and especially those arising from an ocular source.Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) have been proposed to remove ocular artifacts from multichannel EEG. In contrast to this, we present a new algorithm for ocular artifacts removal from a single electroencephalographic channel recording. This method is based on a set of information on brain wave frequencies. Our results on EEG data, collected from healthy subjects, show that our algorithm can effectively detect and remove ocular artifacts in EEG recordings.
Dietary taurine effect on intestinal barrier function, colonic microbiota and metabolites in weanling piglets induced by LPS

Diarrhea in piglets is one of the most important diseases and a significant cause of death in piglets. Preliminary studies have confirmed that taurine reduces the rate and index of diarrhea in piglets induced by LPS. However, there is still a lack of relevant information on the specific target and mechanism of action of taurine. Therefore, we investigated the effects of taurine on the growth and barrier functions of the intestine, microbiota composition, and metabolite composition of piglets induced by LPS. Eighteen male weaned piglets were randomly divided into the CON group (basal diet + standard saline injection), LPS group (basal diet + LPS-intraperitoneal injection), and TAU + LPS group (basal diet + 0.3% taurine + LPS-intraperitoneal injection). The results show that taurine significantly increased the ADG and decreased the F/G (p < 0.05) compared with the group of CON. The group of TAU + LPS significantly improved colonic villous damage (p < 0.05). The expression of ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1 genes and proteins were markedly up-regulated (p < 0.05). Based on 16s rRNA sequencing analysis, the relative abundance of Lactobacilluscae and Firmicutes in the colon was significantly higher in the LPS + TAU group compared to the LPS group (p < 0.05). Four metabolites were significantly higher and one metabolite was significantly lower in the TAU + LPS group compared to the LPS group (p < 0.01). The above results show that LPS disrupts intestinal microorganisms and metabolites in weaned piglets and affects intestinal barrier function. Preventive addition of taurine enhances beneficial microbiota, modulates intestinal metabolites, and strengthens the intestinal mechanical barrier. Therefore, taurine can be used as a feed additive to prevent intestinal damage by regulating intestinal microorganisms and metabolites.
Networking and Familiness as Factors Stimulating the Early Internationalization of High-Tech Firms

The problem of the role and importance of time in the process of firm’s internationalization belongs to the mainstream of international business research, as is the problem of the key role of high-tech firms operating across borders. The main goal of the paper is to understand how selected factors determine early internationalization of high-tech firms in Poland as an emerging market. The theoretical framework of the article is built on international entrepreneurship literature, supported by the network perspective and family firm theory. Then, the article focuses on the high-tech firms that become international through export or any other entry mode in the first three years of their life. A survey was conducted on the sample of 263 firms operating in high-tech industries in Poland. The results of our empirical studies show that high-tech firms functioning in networks and clusters are more likely to start their international expansion early. Moreover, family high-tech firms are less likely to internationalize early than non-family firms.
Public Openness Services in the Framework of Bureaucratic Democratization in the Metro City of Lampung Province

This article aims to explain the implementation of bureaucratic democratization in Metro City, especially in public information disclosure services. The background to this writing is that the implementation of public information disclosure is still low in accordance with the mandate of Law Number 14 of 2008 at the Regional Government level. One of them is the Metro City Government which only issued a guardian in 2016 which was previously required 2 years after it was stipulated, namely in 2010. This research was conducted using a mixed method by simultaneously carrying out qualitative methods and quantitative methods with a focus on understanding the apparatus, provision of facilities, and commitment of the Guardian. Metro City in openness of public information. The research used interviews, survey, observation, and document study methods to collect data. This research finds that bureaucratic democratization in public information disclosure services in the Metro City government is already underway, although not yet optimal. This is because the knowledge and understanding of the bureaucratic apparatus still do not fully understand Law Number 14 of 2008 and the contents contained in it. The provision of public services in the form of the formation of PPIDs in each Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) has still not reached 50%, namely only 36%, and the Metro Mayor's commitment is not yet complete, this is indicated by the slow issuance of Perwali and the low trust of OPD representation in this commitment.
Day-Ahead Capacity Estimation and Power Management of a Charging Station Based on Queuing Theory

Electric vehicles (EVs) have many advantages over vehicles with an internal-combustion engine (ICE), and they have the capability to dominate the vehicles' market in the next years. In order to be charged, EVs require public charging stations that can be two-sided when vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services are indispensable to participate in an ancillary service market and in this case the capacity of the charging station should be estimated. Previous researches in the field of EVs used the queuing theory to model the arrival and departure times of EVs for estimating the V2G capacity. However, they did not consider the constraints of the queuing system. In this paper, a new queuing model is proposed to estimate the day-ahead capacity of a charging station, including balking, reneging, and retrial inside a finite-source queue system and phase-type services. A day-ahead service scheduling method is introduced for charging stations, which includes all constraints in the queuing model. Furthermore, control and management of the electric power at the charging station are carried out by using a nonpreemptive priority queue considering ac Level II and dc Level III chargers. Simulations are performed in three scenarios by using random input data of six types of EVs and the obtained results demonstrate that the proposed approach is able to obtain a realistic and precise estimation of the power capacity of a charging station.
Mnenje staršev glede predelave senzornih prilivov pri otrocih z motnjo pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti

Otroci z motnjo pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti se srečujejo s težavami z izvedbo različnih okupacij, ki so domena delovnoterapevtske obravnave. Ena od potencialnih ovir za izvedbo okupacij so lahko tudi težave s predelavo senzornih prilivov. V raziskavi smo s pomočjo Vprašalnika o otrokovi predelavi senzornih prilivov za šolske otroke ugotavljali, ali se predelava senzornih prilivov in vedenjski odzivi nanje po mnenju staršev razlikujejo med otroki z motnjo pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti in nevrotipičnimi otroki. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 62 staršev nevrotipičnih otrok in 42 staršev otrok z motnjo pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti, starih od 6 do 9 let. Med skupinama se je pokazala statistično značilna razlika na skupni lestvici in večini podlestvic (Ideje in načrtovanje gibanja, Dotik, Zavedanje telesa, Sluh ter Vonj in okus). Navedene raziskovalne ugotovitve se skladajo z ugotovitvami drugih podobnih raziskav, katerih glavni vir podatkov so prav tako starši.
Assessing Angular Momentum, Kinetics, and Energetics of a Rigid Body Using a Single Inertial Measurement Unit

Angular momentum, kinetics, and energetics, including total mechanical energy and its rate of change in relation to power exchange, are important quantities when analyzing human motion in sports, physical labor, and rehabilitation. Inertial measurement units (IMU)-based motion capture (MOCAP) systems provide a portable solution for the ambulatory analysis of these quantities which optical MOCAP systems do not offer. Yet, evaluating IMU-based estimates of these quantities by referencing optical systems is limited by the fact that these systems only measure positions, not kinetic and energetic quantities. To evaluate the accuracy of an IMU-based method for estimating kinetic and energetic quantities without using any external reference, firstly, we propose an estimation method only using angular velocity and acceleration signals supplied by an IMU, and apply this to a single rigid body with known mass and inertia. Then, we propose a novel experimental validation method against physical conservation and action/reaction laws that apply during ballistic movements, using a suitably designed and reconfigurable rigid body with a structure of three orthogonal dumb-bells. The results demonstrated that we could estimate the angular momentum, kinetics, and energetics of a rigid body by only using angular velocity and acceleration signals of an IMU, and the estimation accuracy was well evaluated by the proposed validation method. However, the results showed that the errors in original IMU measurements under dynamic conditions especially concerning angular velocity, uncertainties in calculating rigid body parameters, and vibration propagation due to limited rigidity of tubes of the rigid body influenced the estimation accuracy.
Lightweight UAV digital elevation models and orthoimagery for environmental applications: data accuracy evaluation and potential for river flood risk modelling

ABSTRACT Digital elevation models (DEMs) generated from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry offer opportunities for on-demand DEM production in environmental modelling and flood risk prediction applications. The DEM and orthoimage accuracies that can be achieved using lightweight UAV on-board sensors only, are compared with cases where progressively higher numbers of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) referenced ground targets are utilized. Unacceptably large 95% planimetric orthoimage errors of 5.22 m (root mean square error (RMSE) 3.27 m), and DEM 95% elevation errors of 5.03 m (RMSE 2.2 m) are observed when using the on-board positioning and orientation sensors only. Introducing GNSS ground control points (GCPs) in increasing numbers progressively and substantially improves data accuracy. Remarkably small xy orthoimage errors of 0.076 m (RMS) and DEM elevation errors of 0.08 m (RMS) are achieved using 1 GCP for every 2 ha of ground area and utilizing more GCPs produced more or less identical results. These accuracies compare very favourably with the best commercial airborne survey DEMs, suggesting strong potential for the application of lightweight UAV photogrammetric DEMs in local environmental modelling and flood risk prediction applications. The potential of these DEMS for flood prediction is subsequently assessed and demonstrated by comparison with published flood risk maps and flood depth data, and by cross-comparing the outputs of the UAV DEM flood model predictions.
Exploring individual fixel-based white matter abnormalities in epilepsy

Abstract Diffusion MRI has provided insight into the widespread structural connectivity changes that characterize epilepsies. Although syndrome-specific white matter abnormalities have been demonstrated, studies to date have predominantly relied on statistical comparisons between patient and control groups. For diffusion MRI techniques to be of clinical value, they should be able to detect white matter microstructural changes in individual patients. In this study, we apply an individualized approach to a technique known as fixel-based analysis, to examine fibre-tract-specific abnormalities in individuals with epilepsy. We explore the potential clinical value of this individualized fixel-based approach in epilepsy patients with differing syndromic diagnoses. Diffusion MRI data from 90 neurologically healthy control participants and 10 patients with epilepsy (temporal lobe epilepsy, progressive myoclonus epilepsy, and Dravet Syndrome, malformations of cortical development) were included in this study. Measures of fibre density and cross-section were extracted for all participants across brain white matter fixels, and mean values were computed within select tracts-of-interest. Scanner harmonized and normalized data were then used to compute Z-scores for individual patients with epilepsy. White matter abnormalities were observed in distinct patterns in individual patients with epilepsy, both at the tract and fixel level. For patients with specific epilepsy syndromes, the detected white matter abnormalities were in line with expected syndrome-specific clinical phenotypes. In patients with lesional epilepsies (e.g. hippocampal sclerosis, periventricular nodular heterotopia, and bottom-of-sulcus dysplasia), white matter abnormalities were spatially concordant with lesion location. This proof-of-principle study demonstrates the clinical potential of translating advanced diffusion MRI methodology to individual-patient-level use in epilepsy. This technique could be useful both in aiding diagnosis of specific epilepsy syndromes, and in localizing structural abnormalities, and is readily amenable to other neurological disorders. We have included code and data for this study so that individualized white matter changes can be explored robustly in larger cohorts in future work.
Hedonska analiza slovenskega vinskega trga

Trg vina v Sloveniji razkriva nekaj zanimivih dejstev o vzorcu mednarodne trgovine z diferenciranimi izdelki. V tem članku pregledujemo velik vzorec domačih in tujih vin, prodanih v slovenskih supermarketih in specializiranih trgovinah z vinom v letu 2009. Kakovost vina zajemamo preko posebne baze ocen kvalitete vin na podlagi senzorične someljejske analize. V našem vzorcu je uvoženo vino v povprečju dražje in boljše kakovosti kot domače vino. Tudi ob upoštevanju kakovosti je tuje vino dražje kot domače. Poleg tega se višje kakovostna vina prodajajo po višjih cenah, in cene prilagojene za kakovost naraščajo s kakovostjo. Empirična analiza vključuje podatke na ravni izdelka, podjetja in države ter uporabi hedonsko cenovno funkcijo za celoten trg in predhodno določene segmente trga. Ta analiza kaže, da je več atributov pomembnih pri pojasnjevanju odstopanj od povprečnih cen vin, tj. kakovost, letnik, potencial zorenja, tip vina, kot tudi več značilnosti države izvora, kot so razdalja, proizvodni stroški in velikost trga. Cene vin naraščajo z razdaljo države izvoznice in proizvodnimi stroški ter padajo z velikostjo trga.
Research on Dynasty Classification of Dunhuang Murals Based on Convolutional Neural Networks

Dunhuang Murals are one of China's intangible cultural heritages, which have received extensive attention. Identifying and classifying the dynasties of ancient murals quickly and accurately is extremely important for the study of Dunhuang Murals and the digital protection and inheritance. A method to classify Dunhuang Murals dynasties based on convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed in this paper. First, the Dunhuang Murals data set is constructed from the mural materials; then, four convolutional neural network models with different depths and structures are constructed and trained; finally, the network model is tested using the test set and an appropriate classification model is selected. The experimental results show that for the Dunhuang mural image data sets of five different dynasties in this paper,the four models obtain high classification accuracy, and the accuracy of VGG11 and VGG19 reach 96%. Among them,the classification accuracy of murals in the Sui Dynasty and the Five Dynasties and Song Dynasties is lower than that of other dynasties in this paper.
Mirror Exposure Training for Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa (MIRADAN): Cognitive Mechanisms of Body Disturbance – A Study Protocol

Background Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a severe mental illness, which typically develops in adolescence and, if left untreated, often becomes chronic. Body dissatisfaction is a core characteristic of AN. Mirror exposure (ME) is an effective therapeutic technique to tackle body dissatisfaction in adult patients with eating disorders, but there is limited evidence for the effects of ME in adolescence. One potential mechanism underlying effects of ME on body dissatisfaction is change in body-related attention bias. However, this mechanism remains to be empirically tested. Accordingly, the aim of the current study is twofold: primarily, we aim to test if ME can reduce body dissatisfaction and associated symptoms in adolescent patients with AN. Additionally, we aim to investigate whether change in biased body-related attention due to ME is a possible mechanism of action. Method Adolescent patients with AN are randomized to either 12 sessions of ME (3 ME-sessions/week) or wait-list within four weeks. Main outcomes include body dissatisfaction and associated symptoms of AN. Moreover, body-related attention bias is assessed at baseline and post-treatment by means of eye-tracking with two paradigms. Further, process variables are collected weekly. In addition, 12 weeks after end of the study, the acceptability of the ME is assessed. Discussion The main aim of the study is to evaluate high-frequency and high-intense ME for treating body dissatisfaction in adolescents with AN. In addition, we would like to clarify whether change in attentional bias for body stimuli is a mechanism underlying change in body dissatisfaction due to ME.