Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transformed empirical processes and modified Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests for multivariate distributions

A general way of constructing classes of goodness-of-fit tests for multivariate samples is presented. These tests are based on a random signed measure that plays the same role as the empirical process in the construction of the classical Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. The resulting tests are consistent against any fixed alternative, and, for each sequence of contiguous alternatives, a test in each class can be chosen so as to optimize the discrimination of those alternatives.
On the connection coefficients and recurrence relations arising from expansions in series of hermite polynomials

A formula expressing the Hermite coefficients of a general-order derivative of an infinitely differentiable function in terms of its original coefficients is proved, and a formula expressing explicitly the derivatives of Hermite polynomials of any degree and for any order as a linear combination of suitable Hermite polynomials is deduced. A formula for the Hermite coefficients of the moments of one single Hermite polynomial of certain degree is given. Formulae for the Hermite coefficients of the moments of a general-order derivative of an infinitely differentiable function in terms of its Hermite coefficients are also obtained. Two numerical applications of how to use these formulae for solving ordinary differential equations with varying coefficients, by reducing them to recurrence relations in Hermite coefficients, are discussed. A simple approach in order to build and solve recursively for the connection coefficients between Jacobi–Hermite and Laguerre–Hermite polynomials is described. Explicit formula for these coefficients between Jacobi and Hermite polynomials is given, of which the ultraspherical polynomials and the Chebyshev polynomials of the first and second kinds and Legendre polynomials are important special cases. Analytical formula for the connection coefficients between Laguerre and Hermite polynomials is also obtained.
Automatic multi total station monitoring of a tunnel

Abstract A tunnel has been under construction for the Lisbon Metro network on the muddy bed of river Tagus. An incident during the jet-grouting for the muddy soil treatment led to flooding of a specific sector of the tunnel and to the need for repair works. Consequently, a decision has been made to monitor with a short time resolution the movements of that sector before, during and after reparation works. This includes the period in which the tunnel will be in use for its regular operation, with commuters using the subway. Given these general conditions with severe inter-visibility limitations, as well as the cost restraints, an automatic monitoring system has been designed and put in place, resorting to four LEICA TC2003 motorised total stations and to the available commercial software, LEICA GeoMoS. The computational procedure of the mentioned software implies a network configuration, in which every total station set up needs a cluster of control points associated with that particular setup in order to perform a space resection. However, it is often difficult to find stable points inside a tunnel under monitoring let alone during repair works. Therefore, to overcome this difficulty, adjustment software - EpochSuite – has been integrated into the monitoring system. Since it runs after the collection of data, the adjustment software makes it possible to perform a more robust and accurate computation of displacement vectors of signalised object points, which represent the tunnel under study. EpochSuite uses a database management approach that is particularly useful in handling many monitoring epochs and uses automatic outlier detection tools. This paper reports on the network configuration, the instrumental setup and the software framework in which the automatic monitoring system actually operates.
Re-specification of Affine Term Structure Models: The Linkage to Empirical Investigations

Abstract This paper specifies the dynamic and cross-sectional behaviour of bonds in the framework of the general affine term structure model (ATSM) of Duffie and Kan (1996, A yield-factor model of interest rate. Mathematical Finance, 6, 379–406). We present the calibrations of ATSM, with the numerics fitting in with the actual data under the physical probability measure. Without assumptions and restrictions on any specific physical process of the factors, we find theoretical loads by solving Riccati equations with parameters chosen for the solution to match those from the principal component models. The general condition on the boundary is satisfied; so, the Black-Scholes equation admits a unique solution, which supports the Condition of Duffie and Kan.
Low-noise biomagnetic measurements with a multichannel dc-SQUID system at 77 K

Directly coupled dc-SQUID magnetometers made from the high-temperature superconductor (HTS) YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ on symmetric 24/spl deg/ and 30/spl deg/ SrTiO/sub 3/-bicrystals have been optimized for low-noise operation in static magnetic fields. These magnetometers are encapsulated, for reliable operation in liquid nitrogen. In our small glass cryostat, allowing even mobile applications, up to 24 magnetometers can be mounted in three levels for gradiometer arrangements. With first-order gradiometers an external noise suppression of more than a factor of 100 is achieved. In a magnetically shielded chamber we find a typical noise /spl radic/S/sub B/ (77 K, 10 Hz) of less than 50 fT//spl radic/Hz and low-noise magnetocardiograms are recorded. Due to the low noise of the dc-SQUID sensors also electrically stimulated magnetoencephalography measurements were possible.
Comparison of laser‐initiated and thermal chemical vapor deposition of tungsten films

ArF excimer laser radiation has been used to deposit W films on silicon and on SiO2 by initiating the gas phase reaction of WF6 with H2. Deposition rates >100 nm/min and film resistivities as low as two times the bulk value have been obtained at deposition temperatures of 440 °C. The properties of the laser‐deposited films are compared with those of fims obtained using conventional thermal deposition techniques. Film resistivity correlates with the microstructure which in turn depends on the deposition temperature; above 350 °C the low‐resistivity α‐W phase dominates.
Effect of tensile strain on morphology and dielectric property in nanotube/polymer nanocomposites

As an electrically conducting filler, multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) with a great slenderness ratio was introduced into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) to form the MWNT/PVDF nanocomposites. Dielectric properties of these composites before and after stretching were studied at wide frequency ranges from 102to107Hz. The results showed that the dielectric constant and conductivity after stretching were always lower than those before stretching. In the composites with high concentration of MWNT, the decreases in dielectric constant and conductivity were very significant. Rearrangement of MWNT in the composites along with the tensile-strain direction could be charge with the results of dielectric properties.
Dual cylindrical metallic grating-cladding polymer hollow waveguide for terahertz transmission with low loss

In this paper, a dual cylindrical metallic grating-cladding polymer hollow terahertz waveguide is proposed for the transmission of a wavelength range between 100 μm and 1.5 mm with low loss. The waveguide is comprised of copper cylindrical gratings embedded in both sides of hollow high-density polyethylene tubing. Numerical calculation shows that the dual cylindrical metallic grating-cladding polymer hollow waveguide can guide terahertz waves in the central air core with excellent mode qualities, and experimental results confirm that the attenuation constant of linear polarization HE11 mode can be reduced to 0.62 dB/m.
Predicting the outcomes of annual sporting contests

Summary. Data from 20 sporting contests in which the same two teams compete regularly are studied. Strong and weak symmetry requirements for possible models are identified, and some simple models are proposed and fitted to the data. The need to compute the exact likelihood function and the presence of missing values make this non‐trivial. Forecasting match outcomes by using the models can give a modest improvement over a naïve forecast. Significance tests for studying the effect of ‘match covariates’ such as playing at home or away or winning the toss are introduced, and the effect of these covariates is in general found to be quite large.
On the general theory of control systems

This paper deals with further advances of the author's recent work on optimal design of control systems and Wiener filters. Specifically, we consider the problem of designing a system to control a plant when (1) not all state variables are measurable, (2) the measured state variables are contaminated with noise, and (3) there are random disturbances. An explicit design procedure (well adapted to digital computation) is presented. In addition, some fundamental new concepts (controllability, observability, etc.) are introduced. A general theory of control systems is outlined which answers many basic questions (what is controllable? why? how? ) and gives a highly efficient method of computation. This paper is to be published in the Proceedings of the First IFAC Moscow Congress by Butterworth Scientific Publications in 1960.
Damped Lyman alpha systems and galaxy formation models – I. The radial distribution of cold gas at high z

We investigate the properties of damped Lyman α systems (DLAS) in semi-analytic models, focusing on whether the models can reproduce the kinematic properties of low-ionization metal lines described by Prochaska & Wolfe. We explore a variety of approaches for modelling the radial distribution of the cold neutral gas associated with the galaxies in our models, and find that our results are very sensitive to this ingredient. If we use an approach based on work by Fall & Efstathiou, in which the sizes of the discs are determined by conservation of angular momentum, we find that the majority of the DLAS correspond to a single galactic disc. These models generically fail to reproduce the observed distribution of velocity widths. In alternative models in which the gas discs are considerably more extended, a significant fraction of DLAS arise from lines of sight intersecting multiple gas discs in a common halo. These models produce kinematics that fit the observational data, and also seem to agree well with the results of recent hydrodynamical simulations. Thus we conclude that cold dark matter based models of galaxy formation can be reconciled with the kinematic data, but only at the expense of the standard assumption that DLAS are produced by rotationally supported gas discs whose sizes are determined by conservation of angular momentum. We suggest that the distribution of cold gas at high redshift may be dominated by another process, such as tidal streaming caused by mergers.
New multi-objective stochastic search technique for economic load dispatch

A new multi-objective stochastic search technique (MOSST) for the multi-objective economic dispatch problem in power systems is presented. It is a highly constrained problem with both equality and inequality constraints. The MOSST heuristic has been designed as a combination of real coded genetic algorithms (GA) and simulated annealing (SA). It incorporates a genetic crossover operator BLX-/spl alpha/ and a problem specific mutation operator with a local search heuristic to provide a better search capability. Extensive simulations are carried out on standard test systems, considering various aspects, and the results are compared with other methods. These results indicate that the new MOSST heuristic converges rapidly to improved solutions. MOSST is a truly multi-objective technique, as it provides the values of various parameters for optimising different objectives, as well as the best compromise between them, all in a single run. Perturbation analysis shows that the solutions obtained by MOSST are truly pareto-optimal, i.e. no objective can be further improved without degrading the others.
Control of rigid robot manipulators via combination of adaptive sliding mode control and compensated inverse dynamics approach

A new output tracking control method for rigid robot manipulators is developed via the combination of adaptive sliding mode control and the compensated inverse dynamics approach. The innovative compensated inverse dynamics approach is applied to rigid robot systems and no estimation of the inertia matrix, which avoids the inverse problem of the time-varying inertia matrix, is involved. The adaptive sliding mode control scheme is used to take into account the unknown but bounded parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. The performance of the proposed control method is demonstrated by simulation.
H0538 + 608 - A bright AM Herculis-type X-ray source

The discovery of an AM Herculis-type magnetic variable, an accreting binary system that contains a magnetic white dwarf and a late-type companion, is reported. The proposed optical counterpart to the detected X-ray source exhibits all the optical emission characteristics of its class: circular polarization, strongly modulated brightness variations, intense flickering on time scales of seconds, historical 'low states', and intense emission lines, including very strong lines of He II. The modulations in the polarization and the photometric magnitude suggest an orbital period of 3.1 + or -0.2 hr.
Fluorescence quantum yield of CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals investigated by correlated atomic-force and single-particle fluorescence microscopy

Correlated atomic-force and fluorescence microscopy are used to study single-particle versus ensemble fluorescence quantum yields (QY) of semiconductor nanocrystals by measuring a simultaneous map of the topography and the single-particle fluorescence. CdSe/ZnS nanocrystal quantum dots and quantum rods with high QY were investigated. A significant portion of dark particles is detected. Comparison with the ensemble solution QY shows that samples with higher QY have a larger fraction of bright particles accompanied by an increased single-particle QY. Saturated emission from single nanocrystals could not be detected because of particle darkening under high-power excitation.
A high-resolution fiber optic accelerometer based on intracavity phase-generated carrier (PGC) modulation

A compact-size fiber optic accelerometer was designed to achieve both high resolution and wide dynamic range concurrently. An optical cavity, with its length modulated by a piezoelectric oscillator at audio frequency, is utilized to resolve the nanometer-level displacement of a silicon micro-mirror which serves as an inertial mass for acceleration sensing. Strain analysis of the proof-mass flexure structure by Cosmosworks was carried out to calculate responsivity and resonance frequency for a comparison with experimental measurement. The responsivity below the structural resonance frequency of 160 Hz reaches 36 dB re 1 rad/g. Performance measurement demonstrated that the accelerometer was able to resolve an acceleration of 48 ng Hz−1/2 with a dynamic range of 2 × 107.
Degree of approximation of real functions by reciprocals of real and complex polynomials

Let $E_{on}^c (f;I)(E_{on}^r (f;I))$ denote the error in best uniform approximation of a real continuous function f on a closed interval I by reciprocals of polynomials of degree $ \leqq n$ with complex (real) coefficients. We investigate the rate at which $E_{on}^c (f;I)$ (or $E_{on}^r (f;I)$ provided $f \geqq 0$) can decrease. For example, we prove a Jackson type theorem and also present a class of functions for which reciprocal polynomial approximation is significantly better than polynomial approximation.
Multifrequency observations of the superluminal quasar 3C 345

We have investigated the continuum properties of the superluminal quasar 3C 345 with monitoring studies at radio, optical, infrared, and X-ray frequencies as well as with simultaneous multifrequency spectra extending from the radio through the X-ray bands. Variability occurs more rapidly and with greater amplitude toward shorter wavelengths in the infrared-optical region (0.4-100 μm). Radio outbursts, which appear to follow infrared-optical outbursts by about a year, occur first at the highest frequencies, as expected from optical depth effects, although the peak flux is often reached at several frequencies at once. The beginning of outbursts as defined by millimeter measurements corresponds to the appearance of the three known "superluminal" components. An increase in the X-ray flux during 1979-1980 corresponds to increased radio flux, while the infrared flux changes in the opposite sense. The multifrequency spectra show that the nearly flat radio continuum steepens at 10^(11)-10^(12) Hz and has a power-law slope of -0.91 ± 0.04 from 350 to 20 μm that steepens to -1.40 ± 0.02 at 20 μm-1200 A. A "blue bump" is detected at rest wavelengths 4000-1500 A. The X-ray emission has a flatter slope (-0.7) than the infrared-ultraviolet continuum and lies above an extrapolation of that continuum to X-ray energies. This supports the finding from variability that the X-ray emission is not simply connected to the optical emission. Although the shape of the infrared-ultraviolet continuum is generally preserved during flux variations, slope variations occur and are most common in the ultraviolet region. Most of the total power (3 x 10^(47) ergs s ^(-1)) emerges in the submillimeter-optical region but about one-sixth of the power is emitted at X-ray and radio.
Associative Memory in Asymmetric Diluted Network with Low Level of Activity

We extend the analysis of asymmetric diluted networks to the case of low-activity level. The same learning algorithm which was used for the symmetric model turns out to be successful. The use of "V-variables" (V = 0; 1) leads to significant enhancing of the storage capacity. The overloading phase transition is found to be of the first order, which means good retrieval quality in all associative memory phases. The intensity of time-dependent nonthermal noise can be diminished considerably by the appropriate choice of the neural threshold. Some sort of "universality" of the performance of the networks with low-activity level can be noted.
Spatial Interpolation Methods: A Review

Two forms of spatial interpolation, the interpolation of point and areal data, are distinguished. Traditionally, point interpolation is applied to isarithmic, that is, contour mapping and areal interpolation to isopleth mapping. Recently, areal interpolation techniques have been used to obtain data for a set of administrative or political districts from another set of districts whose boundaries do not coincide. For point interpolation, the numerous methods may further be classified into exact and approximate. Exact methods include most distance-weighting methods, Kriging, spline interpolation, interpolating polynomials, and finite-difference methods. Approximate methods include power-series trend models, Fourier models, distance-weighted least-squares, and least-squares fitting with splines. Areal interpolation methods, on the other hand, are classified according to whether they preserve volume. Traditional areal interpolation methods which utilize point interpolation procedures are not volume-preserving,.
Simplicial variable dimension algorithms for solving the nonlinear complementarity problem on a product of unit simplices using a general labelling

This paper deals with the nonlinear complementarity problem on the product space of unit simplices, S. A simplicial variable dimension algorithm developed by van der Laan and Talman for proper labellings of S is extended to the case of general labellings. General labellings allow a more natural description of the complementarity problem on the boundary of S. A distinctive feature of the new algorithm is that lower dimensional simplicial movement can occur both on the boundary and in the interior of S. In contrast, the van der Laan and Talman algorithm for proper labellings of S allows lower dimensional simplicial movement only in the interior of S. Computational experiments confirm the usefulness of general labellings for solving nonlinear complementarity problems.
Contributions to Information-Based Complexity and to Quantum Computing

Multivariate continuous problems are widely encountered in physics, chemistry, finance and in computational sciences. Unfortunately, interesting real world multivariate continuous problems can almost never be solved analytically. As a result, they are typically solved numerically and therefore approximately. In this thesis we deal with the approximate solution of multivariate problems. The complexity of such problems in the classical setting has been extensively studied in the literature. On the other hand the quantum computational model presents a promising alternative for dealing with multivariate problems. The idea of using quantum mechanics to simulate quantum physics was initially proposed by Feynman in 1982. Its potential was demonstrated by Shor's integer factorization algorithm, which exponentially improves the cost of the best classical algorithm known. In the first part of this thesis we study the tractability of multivariate problems in the worst and average case settings using the real number model with oracles. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for weak tractability for linear multivariate tensor product problems in those settings. More specifically, we initially study necessary and sufficient conditions for weak tractability on linear multivariate tensor product problems in the worst case setting under the absolute error criterion. The complexity of such problems depends on the rate of decay of the squares of the singular values of the solution operator for the univariate problem. We show a condition on the singular values that is sufficient for weak tractability. The same condition is known to be necessary for weak tractability. Then, we study linear multivariate tensor product problems in the average case setting under the absolute error criterion. The complexity of such problems depends on the rate of decay of the eigenvalues of the covariance operator of the induced measure of the one dimensional problem. We derive a necessary and sufficient condition on the eigenvalues for such problems to be weakly tractable but not polynomially tractable. In the second part of this thesis we study quantum algorithms for certain eigenvalue problems and the implementation and design of quantum circuits for a modification of the quantum NAND evaluation algorithm on k-ary trees, where k is a constant. Finally, we consider the algorithm by Ambainis et.al. that evaluates balanced binary NAND formulas. We design a quantum circuit that implements a modification of the algorithm for k-ary trees, where k is a constant. Furthermore, we design another quantum circuit that consists exclusively of Clifford and T gates. This circuit approximates the previous one with error e using the Solovay-Kitaev algorithm. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Existence and Uniqueness for Periodic Solutions of the Benjamin–Bona–Mahony Equation

We consider the problem $u_t - u_{xx} + uu_x = 0$ in $ - \infty < x$, $t < \infty $ with initial data at $t = 0$ which is 1-periodic and the boundary condition $u(x + 1,t) = u(x,t)$ for all x, t; proving the existence and uniqueness of the solutions of such a problem. We use the semi-discrete approach together with the energy method.