Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probing The Nature Of Dark Matter With The SKA

Dark Matter (DM) is a fundamental ingredient of our Universe and of structure formation, and yet its nature is elusive to astrophysical probes. Informat ion on the nature and physical properties of the WIMP (neutralino) DM (the leading candidate for a cosmologically relevant DM) can be obtained by studying the astrophysical signals of their ann ihilation/decay. Among the various e.m. signals, secondary electrons produced by neutralino annihilation generate synchrotron emission in the magnetized atmosphere of galaxy clusters and galaxies which could be observed as a diffuse radio emission (halo or haze) centered on the DM halo. A deep search for DM radio emission with SKA in local dwarf galaxies, galaxy regions with low star formation and galaxy clusters (with offset DM-baryonic distribution, like e.g. the Bullet clus ter) can be very effective in constraining the neutralino mass, composition and annihilation cross-section. For the case of a dwarf galaxy, like e.g. Draco, the constraints on the DM annihilation cross-section obtainable with SKA1-MID will be at least a factor ∼ 10 3 more stringent than the limits obtained by Fermi-LAT in the γrays. These limits scale with the value of the B field, and the S KA will have the capability to determine simultaneously both the magnetic field in the DM-d ominated structures and the DM particle properties. The optimal frequency band for detecting the DM-induced radio emission is around ∼ 1 GHz, with the SKA1-MID Band 1 and 4 important to probe the synchrotron spectral curvature at low-ν (sensitive to DM composition) and at high-ν (sensitive to DM mass).
THE AKARI 2.5–5.0 μm SPECTRAL ATLAS OF TYPE-1 ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI: BLACK HOLE MASS ESTIMATOR, LINE RATIO, AND HOT DUST TEMPERATURE

We present 2.5–5.0 μm spectra of 83 nearby (0.002 < z < 0.48) and bright (K < 14 mag) type-1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) taken with the Infrared Camera on board AKARI. The 2.5–5.0 μm spectral region contains emission lines such as Brβ (2.63 μm), Brα (4.05 μm), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (3.3 μm), which can be used for studying the black hole (BH) masses and star formation activity in the host galaxies of AGNs. The spectral region also suffers less dust extinction than in the ultra violet (UV) or optical wavelengths, which may provide an unobscured view of dusty AGNs. Our sample is selected from bright quasar surveys of Palomar-Green and SNUQSO, and AGNs with reverberation-mapped BH masses from Peterson et al. Using 11 AGNs with reliable detection of Brackett lines, we derive the Brackett-line-based BH mass estimators. We also find that the observed Brackett line ratios can be explained with the commonly adopted physical conditions of the broad line region. Moreover, we fit the hot and warm dust components of the dust torus by adding photometric data of SDSS, 2MASS, WISE, and ISO to the AKARI spectra, finding hot and warm dust temperatures of ∼1100 K and ∼220 K, respectively, rather than the commonly cited hot dust temperature of 1500 K.
Subgroups of elliptic elements of the Cremona group

Abstract The Cremona group is the group of birational transformations of the complex projective plane. In this paper we classify its subgroups that consist only of elliptic elements using elementary model theory. This yields in particular a description of the structure of torsion subgroups. As an application, we prove the Tits alternative for arbitrary subgroups of the Cremona group, generalizing a result of Cantat. We also describe solvable subgroups of the Cremona group and their derived length, refining results from Déserti.
Long-term monitoring projects of Brazilian marine and coastal ecosystems

Biodiversity assessment is a mandatory task for sustainable and adaptive management for the next decade, and long-term ecological monitoring programs are a cornerstone for understanding changes in ecosystems. The Brazilian Long-Term Ecological Research Program (PELD) is an integrated effort model supported by public funds that finance ecological studies at 34 locations. By interviewing and compiling data from project coordinators, we assessed monitoring efforts, targeting biological groups and scientific production from nine PELD projects encompassing coastal lagoons to mesophotic reefs and oceanic islands. Reef environments and fish groups were the most often studied within the long-term projects. PELD projects covered priority areas for conservation but missed sensitive areas close to large cities, as well as underrepresenting ecosystems on the North and Northeast Brazilian coast. Long-term monitoring projects in marine and coastal environments in Brazil are recent (<5 years), not yet integrated as a network, but scientifically productive with considerable relevance for academic and human resources training. Scientific production increased exponentially with project age, despite interruption and shortage of funding during their history. From our diagnosis, we recommend some actions to fill in observed gaps, such as: enhancing projects’ collaboration and integration; focusing on priority regions for new projects; broadening the scope of monitored variables; and, maintenance of funding for existing projects.
Matrix Model and beta-deformed N=4 SYM

This work is the result of the ideas developed by Ken Yoshida about the possibility of extending the range of applications of the matrix model approach to the computation of the holomorphic superpotential of the beta-deformed N=4 super Yang-Mills theory both in the presence of a mass term and in the massless limit. Our formulae, while agreeing with all the existing results we can compare with, are valid also in the case of spontaneously broken gauge symmetry. We dedicate this paper to the memory of Ken, an unforgettable friend for all of us and a great scientist.
A new hybrid framework to efficiently model lines of sight to gravitational lenses

In strong gravitational lens systems, the light bending is usually dominated by one main galaxy, but may be affected by other mass along the line of sight (LOS). Shear and convergence can be used to approximate the contributions from less significant perturbers (e.g. those that are projected far from the lens or have a small mass), but higher order effects need to be included for objects that are closer or more massive. We develop a framework for multiplane lensing that can handle an arbitrary combination of tidal planes treated with shear and convergence and planes treated exactly (i.e., including higher order terms). This framework addresses all of the traditional lensing observables including image positions, fluxes, and time delays to facilitate lens modelling that includes the non-linear effects due to mass along the LOS. It balances accuracy (accounting for higher-order terms when necessary) with efficiency (compressing all other LOS effects into a set of matrices that can be calculated up front and cached for lens modelling). We identify a generalized multiplane mass sheet degeneracy, in which the effective shear and convergence are sums over the lensing planes with specific, redshift-dependent weighting factors.
Age, adrenal steroids, and cognitive functioning in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Background Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate is the most abundant circulating androgen in humans and other catarrhines. It is involved in several biological functions, such as testosterone production, glucocorticoid antagonist actions, neurogenesis and neuroplasticty. Although the role of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) in cognition remains elusive, the DHEAS/cortisol ratio has been positively associated with a slower cognitive age-decline and improved mood in humans. Whether this relationship is found in nonhuman primates remains unknown. Methods We measured DHEAS and cortisol levels in serum of 107 adult chimpanzees to investigate the relationship between DHEAS levels and age. A subset of 21 chimpanzees was used to test the potential associations between DHEAS, cortisol, and DHEAS/cortisol ratio in cognitive function, taking into account age, sex, and their interactions. We tested for cognitive function using the primate cognitive test battery (PCTB) and principal component analyses to categorize cognition into three components: spatial relationship tasks, tool use and social communication tasks, and auditory-visual sensory perception tasks. Results DHEAS levels, but not the DHEAS/cortisol ratio, declined with age in chimpanzees. Our analyses for spatial relationships tasks revealed a significant, positive correlation with the DHEAS/cortisol ratio. Tool use and social communication had a negative relationship with age. Our data show that the DHEAS/cortisol ratio, but not DHEAS individually, is a promising predictor of spatial cognition in chimpanzees.
Parameterized Resampling Time-Frequency Transform

Many signals contain multiple components with time-varying instantaneous frequencies (IFs) which share a common trajectory trend, such as machinery vibration signals, speech signals, and biomedical signals. To analyze this kind of signals and achieve high time-frequency resolution, we propose a method called parameterized resampling time-frequency transform (PRTF transform) in this paper. Adapting the idea of the general parameterized time-frequency transform (GPTF transform), we use a parameterized kernel to represent a resampling function and further construct time-varying and time-invariant resampling operators to eliminate IF variations and relocate IF positions. These operators can improve the energy concentration of multiple components simultaneously in the time-frequency representation (TFR). Typical kernel functions containing the polynomial function and Fourier series are provided for different kinds of signals. A corresponding kernel estimation method is proposed to detect the shared trend of IFs by utilizing multiple components and to recursively approximate kernel parameters. Both numerical simulations and practical experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving the time-frequency resolution of TFRs for non-stationary multi-component signals.
SUBJECT BEHAVIOR DETECTION AND ANALYSIS BASED ON COMPUTER VISION TECHNOLOGY

This article discusses the current problem of identifying violations during distance learning during the final certification. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has served as a stimulus for innovation in the field of education in all countries, including Kazakhstan. Innovative approaches are being taken to ensure the continuity of education and training. Thanks to the rapid response measures taken by governments and partners around the world to ensure the smooth learning process. The ongoing digital transformation of an educational institution requires appropriate information content, suitable methodological models, effective teaching methods and a supportive learning environment. The solution to one of the urgent tasks is to ensure the quality and reliability of assessing the knowledge of students by introducing an online proctoring system. The primary task of the online proctoring system is to recognize faces and identify abnormal behavior of students. The basis for obtaining data is the unified information educational environment of the D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University is represented by the SPORTAL hardware and software system, which is an integration of two powerful subsystems: a Web application - the Dales of Knowledges educational portal and the SPORTAL information and software complex. The main theoretical results obtained are aimed at solving practical problems and are being introduced into the educational environment of D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University to increase the degree of confidence in the results of students' knowledge in distance learning using an online proctoring system. The article presents the results of studies of one of the Viola-Jones face detection methods, commonly known as Haar cascades. During the study, a technology for identifying faces and detecting violations in real time was developed. Domestic and foreign scientists who have made a significant contribution to the development of methods for processing facial images are noted.
MAXI: all-sky observation from the International Space Station

Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image (MAXI) is mounted on the International Space Station (ISS). Since 2009 it has been scanning the whole sky in every 92 minutes with ISS rotation. Due to high particle background at high latitude regions the carbon anodes of three GSC cameras were broken. We limit the GSC operation to low-latitude region around equator. GSC is suffering a double high background from Gamma-ray altimeter of Soyuz spacecraft. MAXI issued the 37-month catalog with 500 sources above ~0.6 mCrab in 4-10 keV. MAXI issued 133 to Astronomers Telegram and 44 to Gammaray burst Coordinated Network so far. One GSC camera had a small gas leak by a micrometeorite. Since 2013 June, the 1.4 atm Xe pressure went down to 0.6 atm in 2014 May 23. By gradually reducing the high voltage we keep using the proportional counter. SSC with X-ray CCD has detected diffuse soft X-rays in the all-sky, such as Cygnus super bubble and north polar spur, as well as it found a fast soft X-ray nova MAXI J0158-744. Although we operate CCD with charge-injection, the energy resolution is degrading. In the 4.5 years of operation MAXI discovered 6 of 12 new black holes. The long-term behaviors of these sources can be classified into two types of the outbursts, 3 Fast Rise Exponential Decay (FRED) and 3 Fast Rise and Flat Top (FRFT). The cause of types is still unknown.
Suzaku X-ray spectral study of the Compton-thick Seyfert galaxy NGC 5135

We present the 0.5–50 keV Suzaku broad-band X-ray spectral study of the Compton-thick active galactic nucleus (AGN) in NGC 5135. The Suzaku observation provides the first detection of NGC 5135 above 10 keV that allowed us, for the first time, to estimate the absorbing column density, the intrinsic X-ray luminosity, the strength of the reflection component and the viewing angle of the torus for this AGN. The 0.5–10 keV spectrum of NGC 5135 is characterized by the standard components for a Compton-thick source: a scattered continuum, a prominent Fe Kα emission line [equivalent width (EW) ∼ 2.1 keV] and a soft excess. At higher energies (E > 10 keV), the intrinsic AGN continuum shows up, implying an absorbing column density of the order of ∼2.5 × 1024 cm−2 and the intrinsic 2.0–10 keV X-ray luminosity of ∼1.8 × 1043 erg s−1. Assuming a toroidal geometry of the reprocessing material, we show that an edge-on view of the obscuring torus is preferred in this source.
Nondeterministic noiseless amplification via non-symplectic phase space transformations

We analyse the action of an ideal noiseless linear amplifier operator, gaˆ†aˆ? >, using the Wigner function phase space representation. In this setting we are able to clarify the gain g for which a physical output is produced when this operator is acted upon inputs other than coherent states. We derive compact closed form expressions for the action of N local amplifiers, with potentially different gains, on arbitrary N-mode Gaussian states and provide several examples of the utility of this formalism for determining important quantities including amplification and the strength and purity of the distilled entanglement, and for optimizing the use of the amplification in quantum information protocols.
Tunneling from the past horizon

We investigate a tunneling and emission process of a thin-shell from a Schwarzschild black hole, where the shell was initially located beyond the Einstein-Rosen bridge and finally appears at the right side of the Penrose diagram. In order to obtain such a solution, we should assume that the areal radius of the black hole horizon increases after the tunneling. Hence, there is a parameter range such that the tunneling rate is exponentially enhanced, rather than suppressed. We may have two interpretations regarding this. First, such a tunneling process from the past horizon is improbable by physical reasons; second, such a tunneling is possible in principle, but in order to obtain a stable Einstein-Rosen bridge, one needs to restrict the parameter spaces. If such a process is allowed, this can be a non-perturbative contribution to Einstein-Rosen bridges as well as eternal black holes.
Forming first-ranked early-type galaxies through hierarchical dissipationless merging

We have developed a computationally competitive N-body model of a previrialized aggregation of galaxies in a flat Lambda cold dark matter Universe to assess the role of the multiple mergers that take place during the formation stage of such systems in the configuration of the remnants assembled at their centres. An analysis of a suite of 48 simulations of low-mass forming groups (M-tot,M- (gr) similar to 10(13) h(-1)M(circle dot)) demonstrates that the gravitational dynamics involved in their hierarchical collapse is capable of creating realistic first-ranked galaxies without the aid of dissipative processes. Our simulations indicate that the brightest group galaxies (BGGs) constitute a distinct population from other group members, sketching a scenario in which the assembly path of these objects is dictated largely by the formation of their host system. We detect significant differences in the distribution of S ` ersic indices and total magnitudes, as well as a luminosity gap between BGGs and the next brightest galaxy that is positively correlated with the total luminosity of the parent group. Such gaps arise from both the grow of BGGs at the expense of lesser companions and the decrease in the relevance of secondranked objects in equal measure. This results in a dearth of intermediate-mass galaxies which explains the characteristic central dip detected in their luminosity functions in dynamically young galaxy aggregations. The fact that the basic global properties of our BGGs define a thin mass Fundamental Plane strikingly similar to that followed by giant early-type galaxies in the local Universe reinforces confidence in the results obtained.
A importância das interações entre plantas e animais para a manutenção das espécies arbóreas ameaçadas no sul da Bahia The importance of interactions between plants and animals for the maintenance of endangered tree species in southern Bahia

In the present study, we investigated the importance of mutualistic networks between plants and animals for the maintenance of endangered tree species in southern Bahia. About 82% of the tree species under study are dispersed by animals, have an average diameter of 16.89 mm and their main dispersers are birds, primates and rodents (pacas). We reveal an intense relationship between endangered tree species in southern Bahia and seed-dispersing animals. The species in question already have threats inherent to their individual characteristics, but we demonstrate that one more factor can be added to these threats, the extinction of large seed dispersers
Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in the home workplace in relation to mental well-being

Purpose This paper aims to study employee mental health in relation to workplace design and indoor environmental quality (IEQ) when working from home, which has received little attention. The trend toward hybrid working urges for more knowledge. Design/methodology/approach Through a mixed data collection method, this study analyzed potential relationships (between mental health, workplace design and IEQ) from information obtained through a cross-sectional survey, repeated point-in-time surveys and desk-based IEQ sensors at home. Data were collected in April 2020 during a national COVID-19 lockdown in The Netherlands amongst 36 subjects. They all worked full time from home in this period and together completed 321 point-in-time surveys. The three data sets were combined and analyzed using bivariate and path analysis. Findings Outcomes indicate that subjective and objective IEQ conditions, workplace suitability and distraction affect employee mental health in the home workplace in a similar way as in the office. Being satisfied with the noise level increases concentration, self-reported well-being and engagement. High sound pressure levels (>58 dB) increased tension or nervous feelings. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first to explore employee mental health in relation to simultaneously assessed (perceived and measured) multiple IEQ parameters in the home workplace.
MHD stagnation point flow over a stretching or shrinking sheet in a porous medium with velocity slip

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) stagnation point flow in a porous medium with velocity slip is investigated in this study. The governing system of partial differential equations is transformed into a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations by using the similarity transformation. Subsequently, the transformed equations are numerically solved by using the shooting method in MAPLE software. The skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are obtained and presented graphically. The effects of the governing parameters including the velocity slip, magnetic and permeability parameters, are examined. It is found that both the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number increase as magnetic and permeability parameters increase.
Horizon Areas and Logarithmic Correction to the Charged Accelerating Black Hole Entropy

It has been shown by explicit and exact calculation that the geometric product formula i.e., area (or entropy) product formula of outer horizon ( H + ) and inner horizon ( H - ) for charged accelerating black hole (BH) should neither be mass-independent nor quantized. This implies that the area (or entropy ) product is mass-independent conjecture has been broken down for charged accelerating BH. This also further implies that the mass-independent feature of the area product of H ± is not a generic feature at all. We also compute the Cosmic-Censorship-Inequality for this BH. Moreover, we compute the specific heat for this BH to determine the local thermodynamic stability. Under certain criterion, the BH shows the second order phase transition. Furthermore, we compute logarithmic corrections to the entropy for the said BH due to small statistical fluctuations around the thermal equilibrium.
Re-examining the $X(4630)$ resonance in the reaction $e^+e^-\rightarrow \Lambda^+_c\bar\Lambda^-_c$

The reaction $e^+e^-\rightarrow \Lambda^+_c\bar\Lambda^-_c$ is investigated at energies close to the threshold with emphasis on the role played by the $X(4630)$ resonance. The interaction in the final $\Lambda^+_c \bar\Lambda^-_c$ system, constructed within chiral effective field theory and supplemented by a pole diagram that represents a bare $X(4630)$ resonance, is taken into account rigorously. The pole parameters of the $X(4630)$ are extracted and found to be compatible with the ones of the $X(4660)$ resonance that have been established in the reaction $e^+e^- \to \pi^+\pi^-\psi(2S)$. The actual result for the $X(4630)$ is $M = (4652.5\pm 3.4)$ MeV and $\Gamma = (62.6\pm 5.6)$ MeV. Predictions for the $\Lambda^+_c$ electromagnetic form factors in the timelike region are presented.
Event-Shape Engineering and Jet Quenching

Event-Shape Engineering (ESE) is a tool that enables some control of the initial geometry in heavy-ion collisions in a similar way as the centrality enables some control of the number of participants. Utilizing ESE, the path length in and out-of plane can be varied while keeping the medium properties (centrality) fixed. In this proceeding it is argued that this provides additional experimental information about jet quenching. Finally, it is suggested that if ESE studies are done in parallel for light and heavy quarks one can determine, in a model independent way, if the path-length dependence of their quenching differs.