Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of sensorless vector control for super-high speed PMSM of turbo-compressor

This paper describes the implementation of vector control schemes for a variable-speed 131 kW PMSM (permanent magnet synchronous motor) in a super-high speed application. The vector control with a synchronous reference frame current regulator has been implemented with challenging requirements such as extremely low stator inductance (28 /spl mu/H), high DC link voltage (600 V) and high excitation frequency (1.2 kHz). Because the conventional position sensor is not reliable in super-high speed applications, two different schemes have been proposed to measure the position of the rotor. As a first step, a vector control with three discrete Hall sensors is proposed. Because the discrete Hall sensors give rough position information with a resolution of /spl plusmn/30/spl deg/, a position estimation algorithm is proposed to derive a precise position. A vector control scheme without any position sensor is then proposed. The proposed sensorless algorithm is implemented by processing the output voltage of the PI current regulator, and hence the structure is simple and the estimated speed is robust to measurement noise. An experimental system has been built and the proposed control has been implemented and evaluated with and without the discrete Hall sensors. The test result, up to the speed of 60000 r/min, shows the validity of the proposed control.
Content-Based Video Search: Is there a Need, and Is it Possible?

There is a large and rapidly increasing amount of video data on the Internet and in personal or organizational collections. Fast and accurate video search emerges to be an important issue. The need and main technical challenges for video retrieval are similar to those for the content-based image retrieval (CBIR) problem. Lack of meaningful and comprehensive text annotation means that an approach based on content similarity can be promising; and the differences between an often high-level search intention and the low-level features used in content-based search techniques suggest that content-based video retrieval (CBVR) may also suffer from "semantic gap" issues. In this paper, we analyze the problem of CBVR from related work in the literature as well as some current work in our team, focusing on the relationship between CBIR and CBVR, open yet well-defined research issues and practical applications of CBVR.
Encouragement of Right Social Norms by Inverse Reinforcement Learning

This study is intended to encourage appropriate social norms among multiple agents. Effective norms, such as those emerging from sustained individual interactions over time, can make agents act cooperatively to optimize their performance. We introduce a “social learning” model in which agents mutually interact under a framework of the coordination game. Because coordination games have dual equilibria, social norms are necessary to make agents converge to a unique equilibrium. As described in this paper, we present the emergence of a right social norm by inverse reinforcement learning, which is an approach for extracting a reward function from the observation of optimal behaviors. First, we let a mediator agent estimate the reward function by inverse reinforcement learning from the observation of a master’s behavior. Secondly, we introduce agents who act according to an estimated reward function in the multiagent world in which most agents, called citizens, have no way to act. Finally, we evaluate the effectiveness of introducing inverse reinforcement learning.
An Open Question on the Uniqueness of (Encrypted) Arithmetic

We ask whether two or more images of arithmetic may inhabit the same space via different encodings. The answers have significance for a class of processor design that does all its computation in an encrypted form, without ever performing any decryption or encryption itself. Against the possibility of algebraic attacks against the arithmetic in a `crypto-processor' (KPU) we propose a defence called `ABC encryption' and show how this kind of encryption makes it impossible for observations of the arithmetic to be used by an attacker to discover the actual values. We also show how to construct such encrypted arithmetics.
Compensation and Control of Dither-Smoothed Nonlinearities

A novel approach to linearize nonlinearities commonly inherent in actuators is proposed in this paper. This approach solves the inverse of the nonlinearity without requiring its I/O relations as a one-on-one map, which is necessary for the current inverse-model method. By introducing the concept of the equivalent gain, the proposed method systematically finds the inverse model of the nonlinearity by solving a zero-finding problem. Discussions on the existence and uniqueness of the solution are given in this paper. A simulation example is presented to demonstrate how the task in finding the inverse of a complicated nonlinearity can be simplified by the proposed method. Experimental evaluations on a position servo system with conspicuous friction reveal that the dither-smoothed nonlinearities are still nonlinear, and compensating action like the proposed method is necessary for control systems using the dithering technology.
Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Detroit partnership: improving diabetes-related outcomes among African American and Latino adults.

OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the effects of a community-based, culturally tailored diabetes lifestyle intervention on risk factors for diabetes complications among African Americans and Latinos with type 2 diabetes. METHODS One hundred fifty-one African American and Latino adults with diabetes were recruited from 3 health care systems in Detroit, Michigan, to participate in the Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Detroit Partnership diabetes lifestyle intervention. The curriculum, delivered by trained community residents, was aimed at improving dietary, physical activity, and diabetes self-care behaviors. Baseline and postintervention levels of diabetes-specific quality-of-life, diet, physical activity, self-care knowledge and behaviors, and hemoglobin A1C were assessed. RESULTS There were statistically significant improvements in postintervention dietary knowledge and behaviors and physical activity knowledge. A statistically significant improvement in A1C level was achieved among REACH Detroit program participants (P<.0001) compared with a group of patients with diabetes in the same health care system in which no significant changes were observed (P=.160). CONCLUSIONS A culturally tailored diabetes lifestyle intervention delivered by trained community residents produced significant improvement in dietary and diabetes self-care related knowledge and behaviors as well as important metabolic improvements.
Linear approximation of planar spatial databases using transitive-closure logic

We consider spatial databases in the plane that can be defined by polynomial constraint formulas. Motivated by applications in geographic information systems, we investigate linear approximations of spatial databases and study in which language they can be expressed effectively. Specifically, we show that they cannot be expressed in the standard first-order query language for polynomial constraint databases but that an extension of this first-order language with transitive closure suffices to express the approximation query in an effective manner. Furthermore, we introduce an extension of transitive-closure logic and show that this logic is complete for the computable queries on linear spatial databases. This result together with our first result implies that this extension of transitive-closure logic can express all computable topological queries on arbitrary spatial databases in the plane.
Clinical practice. Infection associated with prosthetic joints.

A 62-year-old woman with osteoarthritis presents with a 7-month history of progressively worsening left hip pain radiating to the groin, 8 months after undergoing total left-hip arthroplasty. The pain has not responded to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Physical examination reveals a sinus tract overlying her left hip. Her leukocyte count is 8000 per cubic millimeter, and the C-reactive protein (CRP) level is 15.5 mg per liter. A radiograph shows loosening of the prosthesis at the bone–cement interface. Synovial-fluid aspirate shows 15×103 cells per cubic millimeter (89% neutrophils); cultures of an aspirate from the hip grow Staphylococcus epidermidis. How should her case be managed?
Self-applicable Partial Evaluation for Pure Lambda Calculus

Partial evaluation of an applied lambda calculus was done some years ago in the lambda-mix project. When moving to pure lambda calculus, some issues need to be considered, most importantly how we represent programs in pure lambda calculus. We start by presenting a compact representation schema for λ-terms and show how this leads to an exceedingly small and elegant self-interpreter. Partial evaluation is discussed, and it is shown that partial evaluation in the most general sense is uncomputable. There are several ways of restricting partial evaluation. We choose one of these, which requires explicit binding time information. Binding time annotations are discussed, and the representation schema is extended to include annotations. A partial evaluator is then constructed as an extension of the self-interpreter, and self-application is performed to produce possibly the smallest non-trivial compiler generator in the literature. It is shown that binding time analysis can be done by modifying the type-inference based method of lambdamix.
Molecular Dynamics simulations of polymer liquids on substrates of different topography

The properties of polymer films and droplets at substrates of different topography are studied employing particle-based simulation techniques (Molecular Dynamics). The liquid is modeled by short coarse-grained polymer chains of 10 monomers, while the temperature of the system is controlled by the Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) thermostat that conserves momentum locally and provides correct hydrodynamics. Throughout this dissertation we show that macroscopic concepts cannot be straightforwardly extrapolated down to microscopic systems. At first the flat topography of the substrate is studied. A parameter-passing technique is explored that bridges particle-based MD simulations with continuum descriptions (CD) of the liquid. In particular, the liquid-vapor, solid-liquid and solid-vapor interfacial tensions, and the interface potential are determined by MD simulations. This information is then introduced into continuum models accounting for (i) the full curvature and (ii) a long-wavelength approximation of the curvature (thin film model). A comparison of the dependence of the contact angle on droplet size indicates that the theories agree well if the contact angles are defined in a compatible manner. Then, we proceed with substrates that are structured symmetrically. Their surface represents a regular array of grooves. The crucial feature of this system is that the typical dimensions of corrugations are of the order of ten diameters of fluid particles. We investigate the influence of corrugation, wettability and pressure on slippage and friction at the solid-liquid interface. For symmetrically structured substrates we observe a gradual crossover between the Wenzel state, where the liquid fills the grooves, and the Cassie state, where the corrugation supports the liquid and the grooves are filled with vapor. Using two independent flow set-ups, we characterize the near-surface flow by the slip length, $\delta$, and the position, $z_h$, at which viscous and frictional stresses are balanced according to Navier’s partial slip boundary condition. This hydrodynamic boundary position depends on the pressure inside the channel and may be located above the corrugated surface. In the Cassie state, we observe that the edges of the corrugation contribute to the friction. Finally, we consider asymmetrically structured substrates. This type of topography implies an asymmetric response of the droplet’s shape onto periodic vibrations. Hence, directed motion of droplets can be achieved. By an analytical phenomenological model we explain the direction of motion and verify it by several computations. Then, the mechanism of the driving is investigated: along with the commonly described motion due to contact lines, we find that the contact area itself may additionally drive the droplet. We show that modifying the roughness of the substrate, one controls the dissipations of the input power due to substrate vibrations and different regimes of droplet motion may be established.
A Ubiquitous 3D Graphics Modeler for Mobile Devices

We propose a method to provide an intuitive computer graphics authoring environment usable on tiny mobile devices. We adopted a 3D authoring method based on interactive evolutionary computation (IEC). It allows users to intuitively produce high quality graphics contents on site by evolving a set of 3D models using genetic algorithm (GA). The proposed system enables the users to easily design 3D graphics contents by using a mobile device anywhere at any time without sacrificing visual quality. The proposed system employed "thin client" architecture because the computing power of the mobile devices is not enough to render realistic 3D objects. The mobile client plays a role for handling user interactions and transmitting data to/from the server whereas the server is responsible for heavy graphics processing. Providing good user interface is a crucial factor for mobile software design. We prototyped three different GUI layouts and conducted a comparative experiment to figure out which design is preferable.
jFakih: Modelling mobile learning game

This study introduce a new method for learning Jawi for deaf children by adding some hand signs and named the method as jFakih. Since Fakih is a learning method for deaf children to read Quran, it's also possible to be used in Jawi learning for deaf children. Fakih used number and colours to recognize the Arabic character and also the script. We also designed the reference model for jFakih for future development of mobile application. By using waterfall-agile hybrid method, we gathered the requirements and designed the model using UML technique. The model was validated through prototype development and some survey was implemented to get feedbacks from users.
Recent Progress in Functional Genomic Research in Plasmodium falciparum

With the completion and near completion of many malaria parasite genome-sequencing projects, efforts are now being directed to a better understanding of gene functions and to the discovery of vaccine and drug targets. Inter- and intraspecies comparisons of the parasite genomes will provide invaluable insights into parasite evolution, virulence, drug resistance, and immune invasion. Genome-wide searches for loci under various selection pressures may lead to discovery of genes conferring drug resistance or encoding for protective antigens. In addition, the Plasmodium falciparum genome sequence provides the basis for the development of various microarrays to monitor gene expression and to detect nucleotide substitution and deletion/amplification. Genome-wide profiling of the parasite proteome, chromatin modification, and nucleosome position also depend on availability of the parasite genome. In this brief review, we will highlight some recent advances and studies in characterizing gene function and related phenotype in P. falciparum that were made possible by the genome sequence, particularly the development of a genome-wide diversity map and various high-throughput genotyping methods for genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
The governance of global value chains

Abstract This article builds a theoretical framework to help explain governance patterns in global value chains. It draws on three streams of literature – transaction costs economics, production networks, and technological capability and firm-level learning – to identify three variables that play a large role in determining how global value chains are governed and change. These are: (1) the complexity of transactions, (2) the ability to codify transactions, and (3) the capabilities in the supply-base. The theory generates five types of global value chain governance – hierarchy, captive, relational, modular, and market – which range from high to low levels of explicit coordination and power asymmetry. The article highlights the dynamic and overlapping nature of global value chain governance through four brief industry case studies: bicycles, apparel, horticulture and electronics.
Inheritance Is Subtyping

Since Luca Cardelli wrote a seminal paper [3] on the semantics of inheritance in 1984, programming language researchers have constructed a variety of structural models of object-oriented programming (OOP) founded on Cardelli’s work. Since Cardelli approached OOP from the perspective of functional programming, he identified inheritance with record subtyping—an elegant choice in this context. Although Cardelli did not formally define inheritance, he equated it with record extension and proved that for a small functional language with records, variants, and function types–but no recursive record types–that syntactic and semantic record subtyping were equivalent. William Cook et al [4] subsequently added ThisType and recursive record types, narrowing the typing of this in inherited methods, and reached a profoundly different conclusion: inheritance is not subtyping. Meanwhile, object-oriented (OO) program design emerged as an active area of research within software engineering, spawning class-based OO languages like C++, Java, and C#, which strictly define inheritance in terms of class hierarchies. In these languages, subtyping is identified with inheritance. In contrast to Cardelli’s expansive formulation of inheritance based solely on record interfaces (sets of member-name interface pairs), these languages define the type associated with a class C as the set of all instances of C and all instances of explicitly declared subclasses of C. Simply matching the signatures of the members of C–as in record subtyping–is insufficient. It is easy to show that record subtyping is too weak to capture the notion of inheritance in nominally typed OO languages. Consider classes Set and MultiSet intended to represent mathematical sets and multi-sets respectively. They can easily have exactly the same visible members with exactly the same types. Assume that Set and MultiSet are defined independently but have exactly the same visible members. If objects simply denote records, then each class is a subtype of the other, but in a nominal OO language, no such subtyping relationship exists between the two classes. In nominal OO languages, objects are more than mere records.
Mean value coordinates for arbitrary planar polygons

Barycentric coordinates for triangles are commonly used in computer graphics, geometric modeling, and other computational sciences because they provide a convenient way to linearly interpolate the data that is given at the corners of a triangle. The concept of barycentric coordinates can also be extended in several ways to convex polygons with more than three vertices, but most of these constructions break down when used in the nonconvex setting. Mean value coordinates offer a choice that is not limited to convex configurations, and we show that they are in fact well-defined for arbitrary planar polygons without self-intersections. Besides their many other important properties, these coordinate functions are smooth and allow an efficient and robust implementation. They are particularly useful for interpolating data that is given at the vertices of the polygons and we present several examples of their application to common problems in computer graphics and geometric modeling.
Spacecraft Vibration Damping Using Shaped Command Input

This investigation is to apply the so-called component synthesis vibration suppression (CSVS) based feedforward control and the conventional PD feedback control to the vibration control of a flexible spacecraft. The proposed control design process is two fold: design of the attitude controller followed by the design of a flexible vibration attenuator. The attitude control law design is based on the Lyapunov stability theory to achieve a stabilizing closed-loop system. The shaped command input controller based on the CSVS method is designed for the reduction of the flexible vibration by modifying the command input, which only requires information about the natural frequency and damping of the closed-loop system. To extend the CSVS method to the system with the on-off actuators, the pulse-width pulse-frequency (PWPF) modulation is introduced to control the thruster firing and integrated with the CSVS method. The simulation results have been proven the potential of this technique to control flexible spacecraft
Effect of Neem Leaf Extract and Neem Oil on Penicillium Growth, Sporulation, Morphology and Ochratoxin A Production

In vitro trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of Azadirachta indica (neem) extracts on mycelial growth, sporulation, morphology and ochratoxin A production by P. verrucosum and P. brevicompactum. The effect of neem oil extract from seeds and leaf was evaluated at 0.125; 0.25 and 0.5% and 6.25 and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively, in Yeast Extract Sucrose (YES) medium. Ochratoxin A production was evaluated by a thin-layer chromatography technique. Oil extracts exhibited significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction of growth and sporulation of the fungi. No inhibition of ochratoxin A production was observed. Given its accessibility and low cost, neem oil could be implemented as part of a sustainable integrated pest management strategy for plant disease, as it has been shown to be fungitoxic by inhibition of growth and sporulation.
Partitioning of complex networks for heterogeneous computing: A methodological approach

We present a methodology that guides the design of a multilevel-like unbalanced complex network partitioning framework for load-balance in a graph heterogeneous computing context. Throughout the paper we describe: (1) the design of a topology-aware complex network coarsening process that preserves non-redundant complex network properties, (2) the multilevel partitioning of coarse graphs by the centrality of nodes, and (3) the demonstration of the benefits of the proposed partitioning framework by empirically studying the performance of a BSP-based CPU+GPU heterogeneous computing platform when accelerating the traversal of large real-world and synthetic complex networks.
Genetics of Isolated Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: Role of GnRH Receptor and Other Genes

Hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is a key player in normal puberty and sexual development and function. Genetic causes of isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) have been identified during the recent years affecting the synthesis, secretion, or action of GnRH. Developmental defects of GnRH neurons and the olfactory bulb are associated with hyposmia, rarely associated with the clinical phenotypes of synkinesia, cleft palate, ear anomalies, or choanal atresia, and may be due to mutations of KAL1, FGFR1/FGF8, PROKR2/PROK2, or CHD7. Impaired GnRH secretion in normosmic patients with IHH may be caused by deficient hypothalamic GPR54/KISS1, TACR3/TAC3, and leptinR/leptin signalling or mutations within the GNRH1 gene itself. Normosmic IHH is predominantly caused by inactivating mutations in the pituitary GnRH receptor inducing GnRH resistance, while mutations of the β-subunits of LH or FSH are very rare. Inheritance of GnRH deficiency may be oligogenic, explaining variable phenotypes. Future research should identify additional genes involved in the complex network of normal and disturbed puberty and reproduction.