Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cooling of X-ray emitting gas by heat conduction in the center of cooling flow clusters

We study the possibility that a large fraction of the gas at temperatures of ∼10 7 K in cooling flow clusters cools by heat conduction to lower temperatures, rather than by radiative cooling. We argue that this process, when incorporated into the so-called moderate cooling flow model, where the effective age of the intracluster medium is much lower than the age of the cluster, reduces substantially the expected X-ray luminosity from gas residing at temperatures of ≤10 7 K. In this model, the radiative mass cooling rate of gas at ∼10 7 K inferred from X-ray observations, which is <20% of the mass cooling rates cited in the past, is easily met. The heat conduction is regulated by reconnection between the magnetic field lines in cold (∼10 4 K) clouds and the field lines in the intracluster medium. A narrow conduction front is formed, which, despite the relatively low temperature, allows efficient heat conduction from the hot ICM to the cold clouds. The reconnection between the field lines in cold clouds and those in the intracluster medium occurs only when the magnetic field in the ICM is strong enough. This occurs only in the very inner regions of cooling flow clusters, at r ∼ 10-30 kpc. The large ratio of the number of Ha photons to the number of cooling hydrogen atoms is explained by this scenario.
Benign glandular inclusions a rare cause of a false positive sentinel node

An 84‐year‐old female underwent a wire‐guided lumpectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Two sentinel nodes were identified and sent for immediate pathological evaluation. One of the nodes was reported as “glandular epithelium consistent with metastatic adenocarcinoma. ” Permanent sections of the sentinel node initially considered positive revealed glandular structures primarily within the fibrous capsule of the involved lymph node. These glands were lined by tall columnar epithelial cells, which had cilia on the luminal surface and did not show significant cytologic atypia. The limitations of intra‐operative evaluation of sentinel nodes make differentiation of uncommon pathology difficult. A conservative approach should be taken with these lesions as permanent sections will often elucidate the diagnosis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;95:593–596. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Randomness conductors and constant-degree lossless expanders

The main concrete result of this paper is the first explicit construction of constant degree lossless expanders. In these graphs, the expansion factor is almost as large as possible: (1—ε)D, where D is the degree and ε is an arbitrarily small constant. The best previous explicit constructions gave expansion factor D/2, which is too weak for many applications. The D/2 bound was obtained via the eigenvalue method, and is known that that method cannot give better bounds.The main abstract contribution of this paper is the introduction and initial study of randomness conductors, a notion which generalizes extractors, expanders, condensers and other similar objects. In all these functions, certain guarantee on the input "entropy" is converted to a guarantee on the output "entropy". For historical reasons, specific objects used specific guarantees of different flavors. We show that the flexibility afforded by the conductor definition leads to interesting combinations of these objects, and to better constructions such as those above.The main technical tool in these constructions is a natural generalization to conductors of the zig-zag graph product, previously defined for expanders and extractors.
Stock market prediction using classifier system based on incident pattern of wave template

In recent years, because of the development of computers, it has been possible to analyze, that is to say the data mining. Due to this, there are a lot of studies about stock market prediction using past stock data. Almost all these methods, however, use only predicting brand information. There are a lot of factors of the price, but it is possible to think that other brands affect the price. In this paper, we propose a prediction method that uses not only the predicting brand information but also other brands information. We show the effectiveness of our method through the experiment of stock market prediction.
Noncoding Genomics in Gastric Cancer and the Gastric Precancerous Cascade: Pathogenesis and Biomarkers

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death, whose patterns vary among geographical regions and ethnicities. It is a multifactorial disease, and its development depends on infection by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), host genetic factors, and environmental factors. The heterogeneity of the disease has begun to be unraveled by a comprehensive mutational evaluation of primary tumors. The low-abundance of mutations suggests that other mechanisms participate in the evolution of the disease, such as those found through analyses of noncoding genomics. Noncoding genomics includes single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), regulation of gene expression through DNA methylation of promoter sites, miRNAs, other noncoding RNAs in regulatory regions, and other topics. These processes and molecules ultimately control gene expression. Potential biomarkers are appearing from analyses of noncoding genomics. This review focuses on noncoding genomics and potential biomarkers in the context of gastric cancer and the gastric precancerous cascade.
Modulation of substrate adhesion dynamics via microtubule targeting requires kinesin-1

Recent studies have shown that the targeting of substrate adhesions by microtubules promotes adhesion site disassembly (Kaverina, I., O. Krylyshkina, and J.V. Small. 1999. J. Cell Biol. 146:1033–1043). It was accordingly suggested that microtubules serve to convey a signal to adhesion sites to modulate their turnover. Because microtubule motors would be the most likely candidates for effecting signal transmission, we have investigated the consequence of blocking microtubule motor activity on adhesion site dynamics. Using a function-blocking antibody as well as dynamitin overexpression, we found that a block in dynein–cargo interaction induced no change in adhesion site dynamics in Xenopus fibroblasts. In comparison, a block of kinesin-1 activity, either via microinjection of the SUK-4 antibody or of a kinesin-1 heavy chain construct mutated in the motor domain, induced a dramatic increase in the size and reduction in number of substrate adhesions, mimicking the effect observed after microtubule disruption by nocodazole. Blockage of kinesin activity had no influence on either the ability of microtubules to target substrate adhesions or on microtubule polymerisation dynamics. We conclude that conventional kinesin is not required for the guidance of microtubules into substrate adhesions, but is required for the focal delivery of a component(s) that retards their growth or promotes their disassembly.
Deformable PCB based on connector mating method by using iHand for improving HRC performance efficiency

In human and robot cooperated electronics manufacturing system, correctly mating connectors by robot, not human, is vital for the improvement of overall performance. Although static force model has been established based on force and position information during mating, there are some difficulties should be overcome to implement a mating process monitoring task on deformable PCBs. For this purpose, a simple new model is proposed to describe the process of mating connectors, within which the distance between the connector and deformable PCB is the observable variable. A new designed intelligent robotic hand (iHand) including a small PSD laser distance finder at the bottom of the gripper is used to measure the ever changing distance. The effectiveness of proposed sensor and method is proved by the experiments.
Issues and Challenges of Requirement Engineering in Service Oriented Software Development

Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a shift of paradigm in software development. It can be seen as an evolution of Component Based Software Development (CBSD), with web services used instead of Commercial Off-the-shelf (COTS) software. For the last few years the number of services on the web has increased exponentially. Among available services locating the best service that fulfills the user requirement is a challenging task for researchers. There is still no standard Requirement Engineering (RE) process defined for Service Oriented Software Development (SOSD). The traditional processes and those used for COTS selection cannot be used due to the architectural differences of SOSD with other domains. In this paper we have extracted a list of issues and challenges from literature under considerations by research community for RE process in SOSD. The issues of RE in CBSD are compared with those of SOSD, as CBSD is considered close in nature to SOSD. The results shows that there is a need of standard RE process for SOSD with proper guidance on how to perform different steps with details.
Search via quantum walk

We propose a new method for designing quantum search algorithms forfinding a "marked" element in the state space of a classical Markovchain. The algorithm is based on a quantum walk à la Szegedy [25] that is defined in terms of the Markov chain. The main new idea is to apply quantum phase estimation to the quantumwalk in order to implement an approximate reflection operator. Thisoperatoris then used in an amplitude amplification scheme. As a result weconsiderably expand the scope of the previous approaches ofAmbainis [6] and Szegedy [25]. Our algorithm combines the benefits of these approaches in terms of beingable to find marked elements, incurring the smaller cost of the two,and being applicable to a larger class of Markov chain. In addition,it is conceptually simple, avoids several technical difficulties in the previous analyses, and leads to improvements in various aspects of several algorithms based on quantum walk.
Fungal association with sessile marine invertebrates

The presence and association of fungi with sessile marine animals such as coral and sponges has been well established, yet information on the extent of diversity of the associated fungi is still in its infancy. Culture – as well as metagenomic – and transcriptomic-based analyses have shown that fungal presence in association with these animals can be dynamic and can include “core” residents as well as shifts in fungal communities. Evidence for detrimental and beneficial interactions between fungi and their marine hosts is accumulating and current challenges include the elucidation of the chemical and cellular crosstalk between fungi and their associates within the holobionts. The ecological function of fungi in association with sessile marine animals is complex and is founded on a combination of factors such as fungal origin, host health, environmental conditions and the presence of other resident or invasive microorganisms in the host. Based on evidence from the much more studied terrestrial systems, the evaluation of marine animal–fungal symbioses under varying environmental conditions may well prove to be critical in predicting ecosystem response to global change, including effects on the health of sessile marine animals.
Mechanical phenotype of cancer cells: cell softening and loss of stiffness sensing

The stiffness sensing ability is required to respond to the stiffness of the matrix. Here we determined whether normal cells and cancer cells display distinct mechanical phenotypes. Cancer cells were softer than their normal counterparts, regardless of the type of cancer (breast, bladder, cervix, pancreas, or Ha-RasV12-transformed cells). When cultured on matrices of varying stiffness, low stiffness decreased proliferation in normal cells, while cancer cells and transformed cells lost this response. Thus, cancer cells undergo a change in their mechanical phenotype that includes cell softening and loss of stiffness sensing. Caveolin-1, which is suppressed in many tumor cells and in oncogene-transformed cells, regulates the mechanical phenotype. Caveolin-1-upregulated RhoA activity and Y397FAK phosphorylation directed actin cap formation, which was positively correlated with cell elasticity and stiffness sensing in fibroblasts. Ha-RasV12-induced transformation and changes in the mechanical phenotypes were reversed by re-expression of caveolin-1 and mimicked by the suppression of caveolin-1 in normal fibroblasts. This is the first study to describe this novel role for caveolin-1, linking mechanical phenotype to cell transformation. Furthermore, mechanical characteristics may serve as biomarkers for cell transformation.
Managing volatile requirements in web applications

Web applications allow business to offer services or products to numerous users with different culture, context, and needs. There are situations where applications must adapt to unforeseen and temporary business requirements, such as a one-off market campaign to launch a new product, beta features for engaging users, or disaster solidarity features that remain in the application for a period of time. In this paper, we summarize an approach for dealing with this sort of volatile requirements and present challenges in the research field that must be addressed.
Nonproteasomal Targets of the Proteasome Inhibitors Bortezomib and Carfilzomib: a Link to Clinical Adverse Events

Purpose: Bortezomib (Velcade), a dipeptide boronate 20S proteasome inhibitor and an approved treatment option for multiple myeloma, is associated with a treatment-emergent, painful peripheral neuropathy (PN) in more than 30% of patients. Carfilzomib, a tetrapeptide epoxyketone proteasome inhibitor, currently in clinical investigation in myeloma, is associated with low rates of PN. We sought to determine whether PN represents a target-mediated adverse drug reaction (ADR). Experimental Design: Neurodegenerative effects of proteasome inhibitors were assessed in an in vitro model utilizing a differentiated neuronal cell line. Secondary targets of both inhibitors were identified by a multifaceted approach involving candidate screening, profiling with an activity-based probe, and database mining. Secondary target activity was measured in rats and patients receiving both inhibitors. Results: Despite equivalent levels of proteasome inhibition, only bortezomib reduced neurite length, suggesting a nonproteasomal mechanism. In cell lysates, bortezomib, but not carfilzomib, significantly inhibited the serine proteases cathepsin G (CatG), cathepsin A, chymase, dipeptidyl peptidase II, and HtrA2/Omi at potencies near or equivalent to that for the proteasome. Inhibition of CatG was detected in splenocytes of rats receiving bortezomib and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from bortezomib-treated patients. Levels of HtrA2/Omi, which is known to be involved in neuronal survival, were upregulated in neuronal cells exposed to both proteasome inhibitors but was inhibited only by bortezomib exposure. Conclusion: These data show that bortezomib-induced neurodegeneration in vitro occurs via a proteasome-independent mechanism and that bortezomib inhibits several nonproteasomal targets in vitro and in vivo, which may play a role in its clinical ADR profile. Clin Cancer Res; 17(9); 2734–43. ©2011 AACR.
Effect of N-2-acetylaminofluorene modification on the conformation of nucleic acids.

Previous studies from this laboratory on the structural and functional properties of oligonucleotides and transfer RNA modified in vitro by N -acetoxy- N -2-acetylamino-fluorene led us to propose a specific conformation for the structure of nucleic acids in the region to which the acetylaminofluorene residue is covalently bound. This structure has been designated “the base displacement model. ” The present study extends this analysis to the effects of drug modification on DNA, reovirus RNA, ribosomal RNA, and polyadenylic acid. The rate and extent of reaction of denatured DNA with the drug were found to be 2 to 3 times greater than with native DNA; a high ionic environment which is known to stabilize nucleic acid secondary structure decreased the rate and extent of nucleic acid modification. Drug-modified native DNA exhibited a decrease in thermal stability and intrinsic viscosity and a tendency to elute at lower salt concentration from a hydroxyapatite column. The susceptibility of double-stranded reovirus RNA to ribonuclease digestion was increased by modification with the drug, and modified Escherichia coli ribosomal RNA was impaired in its ability to hybridize to homologous DNA. These findings indicate that modification of highmolecular-weight double-stranded nucleic acids produces localized regions of denaturation, a finding consistent with the base displacement model. In addition to covalent binding of the drug to nucleic acids, extensive noncovalent binding to native DNA and polyadenylic acid was observed.
Design and recording of Czech sign language corpus for automatic sign language recognition

In this paper we discuss the design, acquisition and preprocessing of a Czech audio-visual speech corpus. The corpus is intended for training and testing of existing audio-visual speech recognition system. The name of the database is UWB-07-ICAVR, where ICAVR stands for Impaired Condition Audio Visual speech Recognition. The corpus consist of 10000 utterances of continuous speech obtained from 50 speakers. The total length of the database is 25 hours. Each utterance is stored as a separate sentence. The corpus extends existing databases by covering condition of variable illumination. We acquired 50 speakers, where half of them were men and half of them were women. Recording was done by two cameras and two microphones. Database introduced in this paper can be used for testing of visual parameterization in audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR). Corpus can be easily split into training and testing part. Each speaker pronounced 200 sentences: ﬁrst 50 were the same for all, the rest of them were different. Six types of illumination were covered. Session for one speaker can ﬁt on one DVD disk. All ﬁles are accompanied by visual labels. Labels specify region of interest (mouth and area around them speciﬁed by bounding box). Actual pronunciation of each sentence is transcribed into the text ﬁle.
IMGT/V-QUEST: the highly customized and integrated system for IG and TR standardized V-J and V-D-J sequence analysis

IMGT/V-QUEST is the highly customized and integrated system for the standardized analysis of the immunoglobulin (IG) and T cell receptor (TR) rearranged nucleotide sequences. IMGT/V-QUEST identifies the variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) genes and alleles by alignment with the germline IG and TR gene and allele sequences of the IMGT reference directory. New functionalities were added through a complete rewrite in Java. IMGT/V-QUEST analyses batches of sequences (up to 50) in a single run. IMGT/V-QUEST describes the V-REGION mutations and identifies the hot spot positions in the closest germline V gene. IMGT/V-QUEST can detect insertions and deletions in the submitted sequences by reference to the IMGT unique numbering. IMGT/V-QUEST integrates IMGT/JunctionAnalysis for a detailed analysis of the V-J and V-D-J junctions, and IMGT/Automat for a full V-J- and V-D-J-REGION annotation. IMGT/V-QUEST displays, in ‘Detailed view’, the results and alignments for each submitted sequence individually and, in ‘Synthesis view’, the alignments of the sequences that, in a given run, express the same V gene and allele. The ‘Advanced parameters’ allow to modify default parameters used by IMGT/V-QUEST and IMGT/JunctionAnalysis according to the users’ interest. IMGT/V-QUEST is freely available for academic research at http://imgt.cines. fr
Monitoring of Biofilm Development on Surfaces Using an Electrochemical Method

Bioleaching is the extraction of metals from ore by microorganisms. Initial attachment and formation of biofilm by microorganisms are very important for the bioleaching due to the mineral oxidation processes. However, very few techniques were proposed to monitor initial stage of biofilms in real time. Therefore, the aim of this work was to probe an electrochemical method on the bacterial biofilm model under the laboratory conditions. It was found that electrochemical method can be suggested for the real time detection of initial phase of P. polymyxa biofilm formation by observation of the potential increase. However, detection of biofilm development at late stages was not successful due to the decrease of the electrochemical potential by full coverage of the test surface. Nevertheless, this technique is supposed as a promising method for early stage detection of desirable biofilms of acidophilic iron oxidizing microorganisms in bioleaching.
Control and Cybernetics Optimal Control of Multistage Deterministic, Stochastic and Fuzzy Processes in the Fuzzy Environment via an Evolutionary Algorithm

This paper deals with the problem of control of deter-ministic, stochastic and fuzzy systems with a fixed termination time and fuzzy constraints imposed on controls and states. Constrains imposed on the system are given as membership functions of particular fuzzy sets. Transition functions for controlled systems are given as a matrix of transitions between states for a deterministic object, a matrix of probabilities of transitions for a stochastic object and a matrix of membership functions of transitions for a fuzzy system. An optimal (or sub-optimal) control is obtained using a specialized evolutionary algorithm (EA), which is a development over the previously used methods based on simple genetic algorithm. The specialized EA seems to be a very effective tool for solving such a class of optimization problems, comparing advantageously with the traditional simple genetic algorithm approach and with the previously used solutions like dynamic programming or branch and bound. The specialization of the applied EA is obtained using dedicated problem encoding, the method of ranking of genetic operators and the controlled selection of population members.
Trust and mistrust of online health sites

Do different design and information content factors influence trust and mistrust of online health sites? Fifteen women faced with a risky health decision were observed while searching the Internet for information and advice over four consecutive weeks. In some sessions their searches were unstructured, whilst in other sessions they were directed to review specific sites, chosen for their trust design elements. Content analysis of concurrent verbalisations and group discussion protocols provided support for a staged model wherein design appeal predicted rejection (mistrust) and credibility of information and personalisation of content predicted selection (trust) of advice sites.