Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neural networks as a method for elucidating structure–property relationships for organic compounds

The published data devoted to the use of the neural The published data devoted to the use of the neural network approach in the simulation of structure-property rela- network approach in the simulation of structure-property rela- tionships for organic compounds are reviewed. The basic princi- tionships for organic compounds are reviewed. The basic princi- ples of the neural network simulation are discussed along with the ples of the neural network simulation are discussed along with the characteristic features of the neural network approach typical of characteristic features of the neural network approach typical of the representation and classification of structural chemical data. the representation and classification of structural chemical data. Briefinformationon neuralnetwork modelsofspectralcharacter- Briefinformationonneuralnetworkmodelsofspectralcharacter- istics, reactivities, physicochemical properties and biological istics, reactivities, physicochemical properties and biological activities of organic compounds is presented. The bibliography activities of organic compounds is presented. The bibliography includes 159 references includes 159 references.
Development of proteasome inhibitors as research tools and cancer drugs

The proteasome is the primary site for protein degradation in mammalian cells, and proteasome inhibitors have been invaluable tools in clarifying its cellular functions. The anticancer agent bortezomib inhibits the major peptidase sites in the proteasome’s 20S core particle. It is a “blockbuster drug” that has led to dramatic improvements in the treatment of multiple myeloma, a cancer of plasma cells. The development of proteasome inhibitors illustrates the unpredictability, frustrations, and potential rewards of drug development but also emphasizes the dependence of medical advances on basic biological research.
Proactive Detection of DDoS Attacks Utilizing k-NN Classifier in an Anti-DDos Framework

serious threat to network security. There have been a lot of methodologies and tools devised to detect DDoS attacks and reduce the damage they cause. Still, most of the methods cannot simultaneously achieve (1) efficient detection with a small number of false alarms and (2) real-time transfer of packets. Here, we introduce a method for proactive detection of DDoS attacks, by classifying the network status, to be utilized in the detection stage of the proposed anti-DDoS framework. Initially, we analyse the DDoS architecture and obtain details of its phases. Then, we investigate the procedures of DDoS attacks and select variables based on these features. Finally, we apply the k-nearest neighbour (k-NN) method to classify the network status into each phase of DDoS attack. The simulation result showed that each phase of the attack scenario is classified well and we could detect DDoS attack in the early stage.
Bmp4 Is Essential for the Formation of the Vestibular Apparatus that Detects Angular Head Movements

Angular head movements in vertebrates are detected by the three semicircular canals of the inner ear and their associated sensory tissues, the cristae. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4), a member of the Transforming growth factor family (TGF-β), is conservatively expressed in the developing cristae in several species, including zebrafish, frog, chicken, and mouse. Using mouse models in which Bmp4 is conditionally deleted within the inner ear, as well as chicken models in which Bmp signaling is knocked down specifically in the cristae, we show that Bmp4 is essential for the formation of all three cristae and their associated canals. Our results indicate that Bmp4 does not mediate the formation of sensory hair and supporting cells within the cristae by directly regulating genes required for prosensory development in the inner ear such as Serrate1 (Jagged1 in mouse), Fgf10, and Sox2. Instead, Bmp4 most likely mediates crista formation by regulating Lmo4 and Msx1 in the sensory region and Gata3, p75Ngfr, and Lmo4 in the non-sensory region of the crista, the septum cruciatum. In the canals, Bmp2 and Dlx5 are regulated by Bmp4, either directly or indirectly. Mechanisms involved in the formation of sensory organs of the vertebrate inner ear are thought to be analogous to those regulating sensory bristle formation in Drosophila. Our results suggest that, in comparison to sensory bristles, crista formation within the inner ear requires an additional step of sensory and non-sensory fate specification.
Analysis, Design, Modeling, and Implementation of an Active Clamp HF Link Converter

This paper deals with the system oriented analysis, design, modeling, and implementation of active clamp HF link three phase converter. The main advantage of the topology is reduced size, weight, and cost of the isolation transformer. However, violation of basic power conversion rules due to presence of the leakage inductance in the HF transformer causes over voltage stresses across the cycloconverter devices. It makes use of the snubber circuit necessary in such topologies. The conventional RCD snubbers are dissipative in nature and hence inefficient. The efficiency of the system is greatly improved by using regenerative snubber or active clamp circuit. It consists of an active switching device with an anti-parallel diode and one capacitor to absorb the energy stored in the leakage inductance of the isolation transformer and to regenerate the same without affecting circuit performance. The turn on instant and duration of the active device are selected such that it requires simple commutation requirements. The time domain expressions for circuit dynamics, design criteria of the snubber capacitor with two conflicting constrains (over voltage stress across the devices and the resonating current duration), the simulation results based on generalized circuit model and the experimental results based on laboratory prototype are presented.
Impact of random telegraph noise on CMOS logic circuit reliability

The leading edge products have a feature size of 22 nm in 2014. Designing reliable systems has become a big challenge in recent years. Transistor reliability has a great impact on highly-reliable CMOS circuit operations. Random telegraph noise is one of major recent transistor reliability concerns. First, recent researches on RTN and its impact on circuits are briefly summarized. Then the impact of RTN on CMOS logic circuit reliability is described based on our results from 65 nm and 40 nm test chips. Circuit designers can change various parameters such as operating voltage, transistor size, number of logic stages and substrate bias. The impact of these parameters is clarified in view of RTN-induced CMOS logic delay uncertainty. The impact of RTN can be a serious problem even for logic circuits when they are operated under low supply voltage.
Recent Updates on DTD (D-Tyr-tRNATyr Deacylase): An Enzyme Essential for Fidelity and Quality of Protein Synthesis

During protein synthesis, there are several checkpoints in the cell to ensure that the information encoded within genetic material is decoded correctly. Charging of tRNA with its cognate amino acid is one of the important steps in protein synthesis and is carried out by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS) with great accuracy. However, due to presence of D-amino acids in the cell, sometimes aaRS charges tRNA with D-amino acids resulting in the hampering of protein translational process, which is lethal to the cell. Every species has some mechanism in order to prevent the formation of D-amino acid-tRNA complex, for instance DTD (D-Tyr-tRNA deacylase) is an enzyme responsible for the cleavage of ester bond formed between D-amino acid and tRNA leading to error free translation process. In this review, structure, function, and enzymatic mechanism of DTD are discussed. The role of DTD as a drug target is also considered.
Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Anti–CTLA-4 Antibody Ipilimumab and Lenalidomide in Patients with Advanced Cancers

Preclinical data suggest that combining a checkpoint inhibition with immunomodulatory derivative can increase anticancer response. We designed a dose-escalation study using a 3 + 3 design to determine the safety, maximum tolerated dose (MTD) or recommended phase II dose (R2PD) and dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) of the anti–CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab (1.5–3 mg/kg intravenously every 28 days × 4) and lenalidomide (10–25 mg orally daily for 21 of 28 days until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity) in advanced cancers. Total of 36 patients (Hodgkin lymphoma, 7; melanoma, 5; leiomyosarcoma, 4; renal cancer, 3; thyroid cancer, 3; other cancers, 14; median of 3 prior therapies) were enrolled. The MTD has not been reached and ipilimumab 3 mg/kg and lenalidomide 25 mg have been declared as R2PD. DLT were grade (G) 3 rash (3 patients) and G3 pancreatitis (1 patient). G3/4 drug-related toxicities other than DLT were G3 anemia (5 patients), G3 thromboembolism (2 patients), G3 thrombocytopenia, G3 rash, G3 hypopituitarism, G3 pneumonitis, G3 transaminitis, and G4 hypopituitarism (all in 1 patient). Eight patients had tumor shrinkage per immune-related response criteria (−79% to −2%) including a PR (−79% for 7.2+ months) in a refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Using comprehensive genomic profiling, a total mutation burden (mutations/Mb) was evaluated in 17 patients, with one of the patients achieving a PR demonstrated intermediate mutation burden. In conclusion, combination of ipilimumab and lenalidomide is well tolerated and demonstrated preliminary signals of activity in patients with refractory Hodgkin lymphoma and other advanced cancers. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(3); 671–6. ©2017 AACR.
National Surveillance of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Belgian Hospitals Indicates Rapid Diversification of Epidemic Clones

ABSTRACT Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains (n = 455) collected in 2001 from 100 Belgian hospitals were characterized by molecular typing and by resistance gene distribution to macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramins and to aminoglycoside antibiotics. Rapid diversification of MRSA clones, compared with results of previous surveys, was evidenced by the broad geographic distribution of seven major clones belonging to the pandemic MRSA clonal complexes 5, 8, 22, 30, and 45 by multilocus sequence typing.
Polypyrrole Porous Micro Humidity Sensor Integrated with a Ring Oscillator Circuit on Chip

This study presents the design and fabrication of a capacitive micro humidity sensor integrated with a five-stage ring oscillator circuit on chip using the complimentary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. The area of the humidity sensor chip is about 1 mm2. The humidity sensor consists of a sensing capacitor and a sensing film. The sensing capacitor is constructed from spiral interdigital electrodes that can enhance the sensitivity of the sensor. The sensing film of the sensor is polypyrrole, which is prepared by the chemical polymerization method, and the film has a porous structure. The sensor needs a post-CMOS process to coat the sensing film. The post-CMOS process uses a wet etching to etch the sacrificial layers, and then the polypyrrole is coated on the sensing capacitor. The sensor generates a change in capacitance when the sensing film absorbs or desorbs vapor. The ring oscillator circuit converts the capacitance variation of the sensor into the oscillation frequency output. Experimental results show that the sensitivity of the humidity sensor is about 99 kHz/%RH at 25 °C.
Simultaneous analysis of serotonin transporter, tryptophan hydroxylase 1 and 2 gene expression in the ventral prefrontal cortex of suicide victims

Serotonergic signaling abnormalities have been implicated in suicide. Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), the rate limiting enzyme of serotonin biosynthesis and the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4), involved in the reuptake of serotonin from the synaptic gap, play major role in serotonergic signaling. In this study, we aimed to compare the levels of expression of these serotonin‐related genes between suicide completers and controls and to identify genetic loci involved in their regulation. SLC6A4, TPH1, and TPH2 mRNA levels were measured in the ventral prefrontal cortex (VPFC) of 39 suicide completers and 40 matched controls. To identify the molecular basis of gene expression variation, we performed association studies between cis‐acting polymorphisms and SLC6A4, TPH1, and TPH2 transcript levels. Finally, association analyses were carried out between suicide and TPH2 cis‐single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cohorts of 154 suicide completers and 289 control subjects. Whereas SLC6A4 and TPH1 mRNA expression levels did not differ between suicides and controls, TPH2 levels were found significantly increased (P = 0.003) in suicide completers. We observed that SNP rs10748185 located in the promoter region of TPH2 significantly affect levels of TPH2 mRNA expression. However, we did not find positive association between this eQTL (rs10748185) and suicide. Here, we report the simultaneous analysis of the expression of three serotonin‐related genes in the VPFC of suicide victims and controls. This study showed that TPH2 expression levels were increased in the VPFC of suicide victims. Although, we identified a genetic variant that explains variance in TPH2 expression, we did not find evidence associating this cis‐regulatory SNP with suicidal behavior. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On playback delay in streaming communication

We consider the problem of minimizing playback delay in streaming over a packet erasure channel with fixed bandwidth. When packets have to be played in order, the expected delay inherently grows with time. We analyze two cases, namely no feedback and instantaneous feedback. We find that in both cases the delay grows logarithmically with the time elapsed since the start of transmission, and we evaluate the growth constant, i.e. the pre-log term, as a function of the transmission bandwidth (relative to the source bandwidth). The growth constant with feedback is strictly better that the one without, but they have the same asymptotic value in the limit of infinite bandwidth.
A New Test for Sulfate Resistance of Cements

Sulfate attack on concrete can either be of expansion-cracking type due to ettringite formation or of surface deterioration type due to acidic nature of sulfate solutions. The present test methods for determining sulfate resistance generally evaluate the expensive attack phenemenon. Since low C3A portland cements are not susceptible to this type of attack, new methods need to be developed to test the long-time resistance of these cements to the acidic type of sulfate attack. An attempt to develop a laboratory method involving immersion of small specimens of cement paste in a sulfate solution held at constant pH is described. Preliminary results are given for five different types of cements tested in accordance with the new method. /Author/
Intelligent techniques to maintain QoS at SHF and EHF satellite systems network in a subtropical climate

In the recent time and due to ever-increasing demand by the end-users, bandwidth are now being increased (high frequency bands) to boost the market for satellite solutions so that the growing capacity requirements can be met. However, frequencies greater than 10 GHz leads to signal fading due to physical phenomena related to the propagation of radio waves through the atmosphere. In this paper, we present an intelligent weather aware technique (IWAT) based on Fuzzy logic which can be adopted to maintain the QoS at satellite communication systems operating in the Super High Frequency (SHF) to Extremely High Frequency (EHF) spectral region in a heavy rainfall subtropical region. In order to insure the proper QoS against various transmissions and other impairments at these spectral regions, not only rain attenuation, which is recognized to be the most significant impairment is considered, extra fading due to tropospheric constituents, like snow, water vapor, clouds, gaseous and scintillations caused by air turbulence are also considered. Rain induced-attenuation (AM) at the given carrier frequency in an average year is estimated by the synthetic storm technique (SST) and an associated formula that links RIA to frequency for fixed probabilities while extra fading due to tropospheric constituents is estimated by applying the ITU-R formulae. Outcomes are given using the three-dimensional techniques based on the point rainfall rate, propagation angle and rain-induced attenuation; satellite signal power, modulation and coding rates are controlled by efficient fuzzy intelligent weather aware schemes. The techniques are then adopted to adjust the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) values that can give an optimum uplink/downlink signal performances under severe subtropical weather conditions.
Differential productivity in young children's use of nouns and verbs

A fundamental question of child language acquisition is children's productivity with newly learned forms. The current study addressed this question experimentally with children just beginning to combine words. Ten children between 1;6 and 1;11 were taught four new words, two nouns and two verbs, over multiple sessions. All four words were modelled in minimal syntactic contexts. The experimenter gave children multiple opportunities to produce the words and made attempts to elicit morphological endings (plural for nouns, past tense for verbs). Overall, children combined the novel nouns productively with already known words much more often than they did the novel verbs – by many orders of magnitude. Several children also pluralized a newly learned noun, whereas none of them formed a past tense with a newly learned verb. A follow-up study using a slightly different methodology confirmed the finding of limited syntactic productivity with verbs. Hypotheses accounting for this asymmetry in the early use of nouns and verbs are discussed.
The impaired hypothyroid patient: ethical considerations and obligations.

OBJECTIVES Analyze the ethical duties and dilemmas involved in treating the severely hypothyroid patient. DESIGN A critical review of the literature was conducted with respect to clinical ethics issues pertaining to severe hypothyroidism; legal and ethical guidelines for consent and capacity in the context of severe hypothyroidism; health case law involving the duty to warn third parties; and comparable clinical conditions resulting in impaired driving and the performance of critical tasks. MAIN OUTCOME Neuropsychological studies and accepted clinical experiences verify the variable degrees of intellectual and neurological impairment consequent to severe hypothyroidism. Thus, severely hypothyroid patients are considered impaired in the performance of specific tasks, such as driving. Consequent to that, they may be agents of harm as a result of their impairment if they are not warned against driving or performing other duties affecting public safety. Severely hypothyroid patients may lack the capacity to make an informed decision, even when warned against driving or other tasks, and some may ignore such warnings. CONCLUSIONS The legal and ethical "duty to warn" may trump confidentiality and HIPAA in cases where the activity of impaired patients seriously affects public safety. Not only do health care providers have a clear duty to warn patients not to drive, but in some extreme cases, may have a duty to warn third parties when a patient's driving or occupational duties place the public in harm's way.
A tour on recent developments and discoveries of crucial practical importance in leaky-wave antennas

The paper presents an overview of recent developments and discoveries of practical importance in the area of periodic leaky-wave antennas (LWAs): 1) various innovations in composite right/left-handed (CRLH) LWA structures and systems, 2) the resolution of the issue of poor broadside radiation, 3) the fundamental importance of the symmetry or asymmetry of the unit cell on the properties of the LWA. It concludes by pointing out a fundamental link between all periodic LWAs.
Analysis of the In Vivo and In Vitro Effects of Photodynamic Therapy on Breast Cancer by Using a Sensitizer, Sinoporphyrin Sodium

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging theranostic modality for various cancers and diseases. Photosensitizers are critical components for PDT. Sinoporphyrin sodium, referred to as DVDMS, is a newly identified photosensitizer that was isolated from Photofrin. Here, we evaluated the effects of DVDMS-mediated PDT (DVDMS-PDT) on tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in the highly metastatic 4T1 cell line and a mouse xenograft model. DVDMS-PDT elicited a potent phototoxic effect in vitro, which was abolished using the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetylcysteine. In addition, DVDMS-PDT effectively inhibited the migration of 4T1 cells in scratch wound-healing and transwell assays. Using an in vivo mouse model, DVDMS-PDT greatly prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice and inhibited tumor growth and lung metastasis, consistent with in vitro findings. PDT with DVDMS had a greater anti-tumor efficacy than clinically used Photofrin. Moreover, preliminary toxicological results indicate that DVDMS is relatively safe. These results suggest that DVDMS is a promising sensitizer that warrants further development for use in cancer treatment with PDT or other sensitizing agent-based therapies.
Sequential Recurrence-Based Multidimensional Universal Source Coding of Lempel-Ziv Type

We define an algorithm that parses multidimensional arrays sequentially into mainly unrepeated but nested multidimensional sub-arrays of increasing size, and show that the resulting sub-block pointer encoder compresses almost every realization of any finite-alphabet ergodic process on $\mathbb{Z}_{\geq0}^d$ to the entropy, in the limit.
Backscatter properties of multitemporal TerraSAR-X data and the effects of influencing factors on burn severity evaluation, in a mediterranean pine forest

TerraSAR-X dual-polarized (HH and HV polarization) backscatter data have been investigated to assess the temporal backscatter stability of a burn scar in Spain. Analysis of the main factors influencing burn severity evaluation has been also carried out. The temporal stability of the backscatter was strong, unburned areas showing differences of less than 0.6 dB. For increasing burn severity the backscatter varied by up to 2 dB in highly burned areas ocated on slopes tilted towards the sensor. Heavy rainfall or moist vegetation increased the backscatter up to 1 dB. Steeper look angles resulted in significantly higher backscatter coefficients for HH polarization, while for HV polarization only marginal increase was observed. Association strength between backscatter and burn severity estimates improved with the size of the multi-look window, at the expenses however of spatial resolution. Even better results could be achieved at higher spatial resolution by applying a multi-temporal speckle filtering algorithm.
Does Technology Have Race?

This paper started as a response to the "Black Lives Matter" campaign in the USA, and emerged as a critique of race more generally in technology design. This paper provides case studies of how technologies are often less usable by persons of color, and contextualizes this in light of intersectionalist theory. Finally, it discusses how the HCI community can ameliorate the situation, and our obligation to do so in light of the ACM code of ethics.