Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge harvesting from text and Web sources

The proliferation of knowledge-sharing communities such as Wikipedia and the progress in scalable information extraction from Web and text sources has enabled the automatic construction of very large knowledge bases. Recent endeavors of this kind include academic research projects such as DBpedia, KnowItAll, Probase, ReadTheWeb, and YAGO, as well as industrial ones such as Freebase and Trueknowledge. These projects provide automatically constructed knowledge bases of facts about named entities, their semantic classes, and their mutual relationships. Such world knowledge in turn enables cognitive applications and knowledge-centric services like disambiguating natural-language text, deep question answering, and semantic search for entities and relations in Web and enterprise data. Prominent examples of how knowledge bases can be harnessed include the Google Knowledge Graph and the IBM Watson question answering system. This tutorial presents state-of-the-art methods, recent advances, research opportunities, and open challenges along this avenue of knowledge harvesting and its applications.
Integrating early detection with DNA barcoding: species identification of a non- native monitor lizard (Squamata: Varanidae) carcass in Mississippi, U.S.A.

Early detection of invasive species is critical to increasing the probability of successful management. At the primary stage of an invasion, invasive species are easier to control as the population is likely represented by just a few individuals. Detection of these first few individuals can be challenging, particularly if they are cryptic or otherwise characterized by low detectability. The engagement of members of the public may be critical to early detection as there are far more citizens on the landscape than trained biologists. However, it can be difficult to assess the credibility of public reporting, especially when a diagnostic digital image or a physical specimen in good condition are lacking. DNA barcoding can be used for verification when morphological identification of a specimen is not possible or uncertain (i.e., degraded or partial specimen). DNA barcoding relies on obtaining a DNA sequence from a relatively small fragment of mitochondrial DNA and comparing it to a database of sequences containing a variety of expertly identified species. Herein we report the successful identification of a degraded specimen of a non-native, potentially invasive reptile species (Varanus niloticus) via DNA barcoding, after discovery and reporting by a member of the public.
“Not for Human Consumption”: A Review of Emerging Designer Drugs

Synthetic, or “designer” drugs, are created by manipulating the chemical structures of other psychoactive drugs so that the resulting product is structurally similar but not identical to illegal psychoactive drugs. Originally developed in the 1960s as a way to evade existing drug laws, the use of designer drugs has increased dramatically over the past few years. These drugs are deceptively packaged as “research chemicals,” “incense,” “bath salts,” or “plant food,” among other names, with labels that may contain warnings such as “not for human consumption” or “not for sale to minors. ” The clinical effects of most new designer drugs can be described as either hallucinogenic, stimulant, or opioid‐like. They may also have a combination of these effects due to designer side‐chain substitutions. The easy accessibility and rapid emergence of new designer drugs have created challenges for health care providers when treating patients presenting with acute toxicity from these substances, many of which can produce significant and/or life‐threatening adverse effects. Moreover, the health care provider has no way to verify the contents and/or potency of the agent ingested because it can vary between packages and distributors. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of the available designer drugs, common signs and symptoms of toxicity associated with these agents, and potential effective treatment modalities are essential to appropriately manage these patients.
mAintAining commitment in the presence of AlternAtiVe opportunities: the role of motiVAtions for preVention or promotion

This article examines how broad motivations for security (prevention) or growth (promotion) differentially affect commitment to a chosen course of action in the presence of alternatives. Past research has demonstrated that when prevention-focused, people represent goals as standards that they feel obligated to maintain, whereas when promotion-focused, people represent goals as opportunities that they could ideally attain. Accordingly, prevention-focused individuals should be more likely to show sustained commitment to an existing goal when presented with desirable alternatives whereas promotion-focused individuals should be more likely to shift their effort and attention toward these alternatives. Two studies confirmed that, compared to promotion-focused individuals, prevention-focused individuals showed preferences to retain chosen objects even when offered more desirable options (Study 1), and showed a greater spread in their evaluations of chosen over non-chosen options post-choice (Study 2).
Curvature Scaling in the Medial Tibial Condyle of Large Bodied Hominoids

The shape of joint articular surfaces can provide important information about the locomotor habits of animals. Understanding sources of shape variation in these surfaces is critical to correctly inferring the link between form and function. This study tests the hypothesis that increases in body size within a species result in flatter joint contours of the joint articular surface. Joint flattening is expected to regulate the magnitude and direction of transarticular stresses passing through the joint. Three‐dimensional laser scans of polyvinylsiloxane molds of the medial tibial condyle of gorillas (n = 40), common chimpanzees (n = 40), and modern humans (n = 40) were evaluated for differences in articular surface topography, with all measures of joint curvature examined in relation to femoral head superoinferior diameter (as a surrogate for body size). Analyses did not detect an allometric shape change in the curvature of the medial tibial condyle with increasing body size within any of the three taxa examined here. Medial tibial condyle curvature appears to be largely independent of body size as estimated by femoral head diameter. These results do not provide direct support for the hypothesis that joints become flatter in response to increased transarticular loading. Anat Rec, 293:671–679, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effects of using ticks and crosses on academic self-concept

Behaviour, including academic performance, can be influenced by implicit primes; and both objective performance and subjective ratings are susceptible to priming effects. Here, we report a new priming effect on academic self-ratings. Participants twice completed a measure of academic self-concept. In the first session, they all used circles to answer questions regarding their own perceived academic ability. In the second session, half of the participants answered with ticks (often used to indicate a correct answer in academic feedback) and the other half with crosses (often used to indicate an incorrect answer in academic feedback). Participants who used crosses had significantly lower academic self-ratings compared to the first session. No such reduction in academic self-rating was observed in participants who used ticks. Moreover, response mode only affected the academic self-concept, and self-ratings regarding physical self-concept were unaffected by response mode. None of the participants reported awareness of the response mode manipulation.
Efficiencies in AIDS Programming: The Rhetoric and the Realities

Finding “efficiencies” in global HIV programs is the buzzword of the hour. This term has peppered speeches of everyone from Global AIDS Ambassador Eric Goosby to President Clinton and Bill Gates. Even UNAIDS is utilizing new frameworks for costing HIV interventions focusing on strategic investments instead of needs-based costing. “Efficiency” here is generally taken to mean “do more with less” — save lives with fewer resources and win the war against HIV without funding increases.Although there are efficiencies to be gained, additional up-front investments are necessary to turn the tide against HIV and save future costs. It is also important to highlight what efficiency talk avoids: the other 3 “E's”: equity, effectiveness, and empowerment. This Commentary will critically examine efficiency rhetoric and discuss achievable efficiencies in treatment and healthcare delivery that also meet equity, effectiveness, and empowerment goals.
Model-Based Tracking of Multiple Worms and Fish

This paper addresses the problem of tracking multiple undulating creatures through interactions and partial occlusions from a top view. Detailed posture estimation of biological model organisms is essential for a wide variety of research. We present a visual tracking algorithm that incorporates both a contour model and a region model based on level sets. Both visual cues are naturally integrated into the observation model of an Iterated Kalman Filter (IKF). We use generative geometric models to parameterize the animal’s shape deformations and motion. The priors provided by these parametrized models improve tracking accuracy in the presence of incorrect foreground segmentation and partial occlusions, while allowing us to measure physical quantities directly relevant to experimental goals. For illustration, the method is used to track the position and shape of multiple nematodes and larval zebrafish.
PORTFOLIO LIQUIDATION IN DARK POOLS IN CONTINUOUS TIME

We consider an illiquid financial market where a risk averse investor has to liquidate a portfolio within a finite time horizon [0, T] and can trade continuously at a traditional exchange (the “primary venue”) and in a dark pool. At the primary venue, trading yields a linear price impact. In the dark pool, no price impact costs arise but order execution is uncertain, modeled by a multidimensional Poisson process. We characterize the costs of trading by a linear‐quadratic functional which incorporates both the price impact costs of trading at the primary exchange and the market risk of the position. The solution of the cost minimization problem is characterized by a matrix differential equation with singular boundary condition; by means of stochastic control theory, we provide a verification argument. If a single‐asset position is to be liquidated, the investor slowly trades out of her position at the primary venue, with the remainder being placed in the dark pool at any point in time. For multi‐asset liquidations this is generally not the case; for example, it can be optimal to oversize orders in the dark pool in order to turn a poorly balanced portfolio into a portfolio bearing less risk.
Gimson's Pronunciation of English

PART I: Speech and language 1. Communication 2. The production of speech 3. The sounds of speech 4. The description and classification of speech sounds 5. Sounds in language PART II: The sounds of English 6. The historical background 7. Standard and regional accents 8. The English vowels 9. The English consonants PART III: Words and connected speech 10. Words 11. Connected speech 12. Words in connected speech 13. Teaching the pronunciation of English
Evaluation of extracts and oils of tick‐repellent plants from Sweden

Abstract. Leaves of Myrica gale Linnaeus (Myricaceae), Rhododendron tomentosum (Stokes) H. Harmaja (formerly Ledum palustre Linnaeus: Ericaceae) and Artemisia absinthium Linnaeus (Asteraceae) were extracted with organic solvents of different polarities and the essential oils of leaves were obtained by steam distillation. The extracts or oils were tested in the laboratory for repellency against host‐seeking nymphs of Ixodes ricinus Linnaeus (Acari: Ixodidae). Rhododendron tomentosum oil, 10%, diluted in acetone, exhibited 95% repellency; R. tomentosum and A. absinthium extracts in ethyl acetate, > 70% repellency; A. absinthium extract in hexane, ∼62% repellency; and M. gale oil, 10%, ∼50% repellency on I. ricinus nymphs. Compounds in the leaf extracts or in the oils were collected by solid phase microextraction (SPME) and identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and/or MS. Characteristic volatiles detected from oil or extract of M. gale were the monoterpenes 1,8‐cineole, α‐terpineol, 4‐terpineol and thujenol; and of R. tomentosum myrcene and palustrol. Characteristic volatiles from leaf extracts of A. absinthium were sabinene, oxygenated monoterpenes, e.g. thujenol and linalool, and geranyl acetate. Each plant species synthesized numerous volatiles known to exhibit acaricidal, insecticidal, ‘pesticidal’ and/or arthropod repellent properties. These plants may be useful sources of chemicals for the control of arthropods of medical, veterinary or agricultural importance.
Driving with Dementia: Evaluation, Referral, and Resources

ABSTRACT Driving is a highly valued instrumental activity of daily living, especially for the older adults who consider it part of their definition of independence and mobility. This paper discusses the issues associated with driving and older adults, including the difficulty of identifying when it is time to give up the keys. With a review of the latest research and need for specialized services for those with diminished capacity, the paper highlights how general practice occupational therapists must work in conjunction with driver rehabilitations specialists to meet the need of this growing population. A framework for referral and judgment is described and resources offered to practitioners to use.
Chronic perineal pain caused by pudendal nerve entrapment: anatomy and CT-guided perineural injection technique.

561 udendal nerve entrapment is a recognized cause of chronic perineal pain [1, 2], typically presenting as pain in the penis, scrotum, labia, perineum, or anorectal region. Pudendal nerve entrapment is a clinical diagnosis made in patients with the typical history of perineal pain aggravated by sitting, relieved by standing, and absent when recumbent or sitting on a toilet seat. No widely accepted confirmatory test is available, although a neurophysiologic examination may confirm nerve damage. The symptoms of pudendal nerve entrapment overlap considerably with those ascribed to chronic nonbacterial prostatitis, which is the most common symptomatic type of prostatitis, or chronic pain syndrome. In the United States, chronic prostatitis is the reason for an estimated 7.8 million physician visits per year [3]; approximately 95% of men with chronic prostatitis do not have an infection [4]. The cause of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis–chronic pelvic pain syndrome remains unclear, but the syndrome has never been scientifically shown to be primarily a disease of the prostate or the result of an inflammatory process [5]. Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis causes substantial morbidity and affects the health of a patient to the same degree as do conditions such as acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and acute ulcerative colitis [6]. Proper diagnosis and treatment of pudendal nerve entrapment with CT-guided pudendal nerve perineural injection offer some patients with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis–chronic pelvic pain syndrome a chance of long-term pain relief.
Transformational and Transactional Leadership in Virtual and Physical Environments

Transformational and transactional leadership in both physical (i.e., face-to-face) and virtual settings were examined in a laboratory experiment. Leadership style (transformational or transactional) and group setting (face-to-face, immersive virtual environment, or intercom) were manipulated experimentally for three-person ad hoc work groups. Results indicated that, compared to transactional leadership, transformational leadership was associated with decreases in quantitative performance but increases in qualitative performance, leadership satisfaction, and group cohesiveness. Contrary to expectations, neither self- nor collective efficacy mediated the performance effects of leadership style; trust, however, appeared to play an important mediational role. Group performance and cohesiveness were similar across group settings; however, group members were most satisfied with their leader when interacting face-to-face. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
A Mâori Sense of Place? ‐ Taranaki Waiata Tangi and Feelings for Place

Mâori attachment to ancestral lands may be viewed in terms of the western concept of sense of place. However, there are certain features of this attachment that require an extension of that idea to include features which are peculiar to Mâori interpretations of land and space. These features include whakapapa, whanaungatanga and ‘uri’-tanga (generational and familial linkages), wairuatanga and atuatanga (the spiritual dimension relating to godlike ancestors and the unlocking of environmental and human potential), and turangawaewae and kaitiakitanga (inherited rights and obligations associated with belonging to a place that claims those with Mâori ancestry by virtue of all the above). This paper draws on data from research into Taranaki waiata tangi and feelings for place in order to discuss features relative to Mâori attitudes to land.
Vice‐principalship: their responsibility roles and career aspirations

A discrepancy exists between the ideal and the actual roles played by vice‐principals (VPs). This gap between roles influences the level of job satisfaction, which, in turn, affects their desire for a principalship. This study used a questionnaire survey of about 300 Hong Kong VPs to examine the core responsibility dimensions pertaining to their work and how these contribute to the success of their schools. It also explores the deviation in the responsibilities undertaken by VPs with different school backgrounds and career orientations. The study identified seven core responsibility dimensions of VPs. The results show that the dimension leader and teacher growth and development is a predictor of a VP’s desire for principalship. Issues of attention included staff management and leader and teacher growth and development, as well as a call for better alignment between the actual and ideal responsibilities and roles of VPs.
Low-power delay test architecture for pre-bond test

Three-dimensional integrated circuits (3D-ICs) create new test challenges. Because of the limited number of test pads available in pre-bond test, the IR-drop can become a serious problem in delay test. In this paper we present a low-power delay test architecture, in which scan flip-flops are partitioned into groups that can be selected turned off in the capture cycles. As a result, power consumption in the capture cycles can be reduced significantly and thus IR-drop can be alleviated. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve the same level of delay fault coverage with roughly the same number of test vectors, while capture cycle power consumption is lower.
Discutindo o conceito de promoção de saúde no trabalho do psicólogo que atua na educação

Este artigo discute a atuacao do psicologo na educacao, na perspectiva da promocao de saude, entendida como uma construcao historica do homem que se relaciona com seus modos de vida, indo alem do binomio saude/doenca. Nessa perspectiva, as acoes do psicologo na educacao enfatizam o compromisso etico e politico do acesso a educacao enquanto um bem cultural fundamental para a construcao da cidadania das criancas e jovens brasileiros, entendida como um projeto de promocao de saude.
Importance‐performance analysis: a useful tool for directing continuous quality improvement in higher education

This paper addresses the issue of service quality evaluation within the higher education sector and stresses the need to develop measures that are both psychometrically and practically sound. The paper argues that recent debate surrounding the development of such measures has been too strongly geared toward their psychometric performance, with little regard for their practical value. While the paper supports the need to develop valid, reliable and replicable measures of service quality, it is suggested that educators must not lose sight of the original purpose for which these measures were designed, i.e. their practical value in informing continuous quality improvement efforts. It critiques the use of disconfirmation models and reports on a study of students’ perceptions of quality using importance‐performance analysis (IPA). The technique allows specific failings in the quality of support issues to be identified and their importance to a quality improvement programme assessed.
Automatic Classification of Seismic Signals at Mt. Vesuvius Volcano, Italy, Using Neural Networks

We present a new strategy for reliable automatic classification of local seismic signals and volcano-tectonic earthquakes (vt). The method is based on a supervised neural network in which a new approach for feature extraction from short period seismic signals is applied. To reduce the number of records required for the analysis we set up a specialized neural classifier, able to distinguish two classes of signals, for each of the selected stations. The neural network architecture is a multilayer perceptron (mlp) with a single hidden layer. Spectral features of the signals and the parameterized attributes of their waveform have been used as input for this network. Feature extraction is done by using both the linear predictor coding technique for computing the spectrograms, and a function of the amplitude for characterizing waveforms. Compared to strategies that use only spectral signatures, the inclusion of properly normalized amplitude features improves the performance of the classifiers, and allows the network to better generalize. To train the mlp network we compared the performance of the quasi-Newton algorithm with the scaled conjugate gradient method. We found that the scaled conjugate gradient approach is the faster of the two, with quite equally good performance. Our method was tested on a dataset recorded by four selected stations of the Mt. Vesuvius monitoring network, for the discrimination of low magnitude vt events and transient signals caused by either artificial (quarry blasts, underwater explosions) and natural (thunder) sources. In this test application we obtained 100% correct classification for one of the possible pairs of signal types (vt versus quarry blasts). Because this method was developed independently of this particular discrimination task, it can be applied to a broad range of other applications.
A work breakdown structure for implementing and costing an ERP project

This paper presents a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) for a phased implementation of an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution. The key activities that constitute an ERP implementation project are discerned in detail, each in its entirety. Each activity illustrates the tasks required to fulfill each part of a project. The potential challenges that are usually encountered in every selected activity are discussed. Finally, using a WBS to cost an ERP project is proposed.