Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optical Orthogonal Signature Pattern Codes With Maximum Collision Parameter $2$  and Weight $4$

An optical orthogonal signature pattern code (OOSPC) finds application in transmitting 2-D images through multicore fiber in code-division multiple-access (CDMA) communication systems. Observing a one-to-one correspondence between an OOSPC and a certain combinatorial subject, called a packing design, we present a construction of optimal OOSPCs with weight 4 and maximum collision parameter 2, which generalizes a well-known Köhler construction of optimal optical orthogonal codes (OOC) with weight 4 and maximum collision parameter 2. Using this new construction enables one to obtain infinitely many optimal OOSPCs, whose existence was previously unknown. We prove that for a multiple n of 4, there exists no optimal OOSPC of size 6 n with weight 4 and maximum collision parameter 2, together with a report which shows a gap between optimal OOCs and optimal OOSPCs when 6 and n are not coprime. We also present a recursive construction of OOSPCs which are asymptotically optimal with respect to the Johnson bound. As a by-product, we obtain an asymptotically optimal (m, n, 4, 2)-OOSPC for all positive integers m and n.
Crevice corrosion : a neural network approach

Abstract Crevice corrosion of stainless steels and related alloys in near neutral chloride containing environments is a very widespread form of localised corrosion in industrial plants where sea water is a common coolant medium and the complexity gives rise to many types of potentially dangerous crevices. Crevice corrosion, like other modes of localised corrosion, is a stochastic process which should be treated using probability laws and concepts. Many test methods have thus far been proposed and several different models have been developed to study crevice corrosion phenomena. However, much remains to be done and to be understood before this problem can be fully solved. The complexity of the processes occurring during the onset and development of crevice corrosion, as well as the poor reliability of the above mentioned test methods, have led to the development of artificial intelligence systems. Among these, the artificial neural network (NN) system appears to be a powerful tool to tackle situations in w.
The Goals and Challenges of Click Fraud Penetration Testing Systems

It is important for search and pay-per-click en- gines to penetration test their click fraud detection systems, in order to find potential vulnerabilities and correct them before fraudsters can exploit them. In this paper, we describe: (1) some goals and desirable qualities of a click fraud penetration testing system, based on our experience, and (2) our experiences with the challenges of building and using a click fraud penetration testing system called Camelot that has been in use at Google.
Atorvastatin activates heme oxygenase-1 at the stress response elements

Statins are known to inhibit growth of a number of cancer cells, but their mechanism of action is not well established. In this study, human prostate adenocarcinoma PC‐3 and breast adenocarcinoma MCF‐7 cell lines were used as models to investigate the mechanism of action of atorvastatin, one of the statins. Atorvastatin was found to induce apoptosis in PC‐3 cells at a concentration of 1 μM, and in MCF‐7 cells at 50 μM. Initial survey of possible pathway using various pathway‐specific luciferase reporter assays showed that atorvastatin‐activated antioxidant response element (ARE), suggesting oxidative stress pathway may play a role in atorvastatin‐induced apoptosis in both cell lines. Among the antioxidant response genes, heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) was significantly up‐regulated by atorvastatin. Pre‐incubation of the cells with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate blocked atorvastatin‐induced apoptosis, but not up‐regulation of HO‐1, suggesting that atorvastatin‐induced apoptosis is dependent on GTPase activity and up‐regulation of HO‐1 gene is not. Six ARE‐like elements (designated StRE1 [stress response element] through StRE6) are present in the HO‐1 promoter. Atorvastatin was able to activate all of the elements. Because these StRE sites are present in clusters in HO‐1 promoter, up‐regulation of HO‐1 by atorvastatin may involve multiple StRE sites. The role of HO‐1 in atorvastatin‐induced apoptosis in PC‐3 and MCF‐7 remains to be studied.
Joint optimization for integrated wireless and wireline networks

In this paper, we study a cross-layer optimization problem for a network that consists of one wireline core network and multiple wireless access networks. We consider four layers among five layers in the network layering architecture: application characteristics through the utility function and quality of service requirements in the application layer; end-to-end flow control in the transport layer; opportunistic scheduling in the data link layer; adaptive modulation and coding in the physical layer. We formulate a stochastic optimization problem considering above four layers and both wireline and wireless parts of the network jointly that results in a utility-based joint end-to-end flow control and opportunistic scheduling problem for the integrated wireless and wireline network. We solve the problem by using a dual approach and a stochastic sub-gradient algorithm. The developed algorithm can be implemented in a distributed way: vertically among four layers and horizontally among all entities in the network, clearly showing what should be done in each layer and each entity and what parameters should be exchanged between layers vertically and between network entities horizontally.
Daugiadispersio ir viendispersio dalelių mišinio elgsenos tyrimas. I dalis: Struktūros charakterizavimas

Santrauka Diskreciųjų elementų metodu modeliuota viendispersio ir daugiadispersio sferinių dalelių misinio elgsena. Dėmesys skirtas misinio mikro- ir makrostruktūros charakterizavimui, pasitelkiant dalelių dinaminio modeliavimo rodiklius. Pirmojoje straipsnio dalyje aptarta modeliavimo metodika ir grindžiamas gautųjų rezultatų korektiskumas, remiantis kontroliuojamaisiais mechaniniais būvio parametrais. Dalelių misinio struktūrai charakterizuoti makrolygmeniu naudoti sie rodikliai: struktūros užimama tūrio dalis (tankumas), koordinacijos skaicius, dalelių kontaktinės jėgos. Aprasomas dalelių būsenų charakterizavimas taikant Hamiltono mechanikos principus.
Low Density Lipoprotein Oxidation and Its Pathobiological Significance*

Background The fact that low density lipoprotein (LDL) 1 is extremely sus- ceptible to oxidative damage has been known for some time (1, 2), but until quite recently this was primarily a nuisance for the student of lipoprotein metabolism. It now appears that oxidation of LDL plays a significant role in atherogenesis. Beginning in the 1980s evidence began to accumulate that cholesterol accumulation in the developing atherosclerotic lesion was probably not due to the uptake of native LDL by way of the Brown/Goldstein LDL receptor but instead due to the uptake of some modified form of LDL (then still unidentified) by way of one or more alternative receptors (also then unidentified). This conclusion grew from two well accepted observations. First, patients and animals totally lacking the LDL receptor nevertheless accumulate cholesterol in foam cells much the same way as do patients and animals with normal LDL receptors; second, the two cell types in lesions that give rise to cholesterol-laden foam cells (the monocyte/ macrophage and the smooth muscle cell) do not accumulate choles- terol in vitro even in the presence of very high concentrations of native LDL (3, 4). This paradox could be resolved if circulating LDL underwent some form of modification and if the modified form, rather than native LDL itself, then served as the ligand for delivery of cholesterol to developing foam cells. Acetylation of LDL in vitro generated a modified LDL that could induce cholesterol accumula- tion in macrophages (3). The uptake of this acetylated LDL was by way of a new receptor designated the acetyl LDL receptor (later cloned and renamed scavenger receptor A (SRA) (5). SRA, unlike the LDL receptor, is not down-regulated when the cholesterol con- tent of the cell increases. Thus, acetyl LDL could, in principle, account for foam cell formation. However, there was (and still is) no evidence that acetylation
Measuring melatonin in humans.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To provide guidelines for collecting and analyzing urinary, salivary, and plasma melatonin, thereby assisting clinicians and researchers in determining which method of measuring melatonin is most appropriate for their particular needs and facilitating the comparison of data between laboratories. METHODS A modified RAND process was utilized to derive recommendations for methods of measuring melatonin in humans. RESULTS Consensus-based guidelines are presented for collecting and analyzing melatonin for studies that are conducted in the natural living environment, the clinical setting, and in-patient research facilities under controlled conditions. CONCLUSIONS The benefits and disadvantages of current methods of collecting and analyzing melatonin are summarized. Although a single method of analysis would be the most effective way to compare studies, limitations of current methods preclude this possibility. Given that the best analysis method for use under multiple conditions is not established, it is recommended to include, in any published report, one of the established low threshold measures of dim light melatonin onset to facilitate comparison between studies.
Eating ‘Green’: Motivations behind organic food consumption in Australia

Central to the development of green lifestyles is the consumption of foods that by dint of their status as chemical-free, locally produced and/or free of genetically modified ingredients, reduce the environmental impact of food provision. Yet there are many other factors, such as health concerns, that may also encourage the consumption of 'green' foods. This paper explores the ways in which Australian consumers construct organic food-a sector of the food industry that is currently growing at between 20 and 50 percent per annum but is struggling to keep up with rising consumer demand. In order to examine the significance of 'green' signifiers in the consumption practices of Australian consumers a series of focus group interviews and a national consumer survey were conducted. These examined both those characteristics of food that were valued in general, and those meanings that were associated with organic food in particular. In very general terms, analysis reveals that while consumers believed organic foods to be healthy and environmentally sound-both of which were considered desirable-these characteristics were subsumed by an overarching concern with convenience. This does not mean that consumers did not hold genuinely positive environmental attitudes. Rather, it reflects a range of contradictory beliefs and practices that appeared to derive from the discursive conflict between conventional and organic food industries over environmental, health and safety claims. The paper concludes by identifying the barriers and opportunities for expanding the organic industry in Australia in the context of the ways organics is constructed by consumers.
Surgical metastasectomy in AJCC stage IV M1c melanoma patients with gastrointestinal and liver metastases.

INTRODUCTION Visceral metastases from melanoma represent the poorest prognosis based according to the revised version of the AJCC staging system that recognises both clinical and pathological features distinctive to melanoma. Given that systemic treatments in metastatic melanoma to date remains inadequate, we evaluated the efficacy of surgical metastasectomy on survival outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between year 2000 and 2009, 23 patients with visceral metastases from melanoma were evaluated for metastasectomy. Retrospective review was undertaken of the specific therapy administered following consensus meeting of a multidisciplinary team. RESULTS There were 16 males and 7 females. Seventeen patients (74%) had metachronous gastrointestinal/liver metastases following previous treatment of the primary tumour. The median time to development of gastrointestinal/liver metastases, otherwise known as disease-free interval, was 49 (range, 5 to 559) months. Overall median survival period was 9 months, with a 1- and 3-year survival percentages of 39% and 30%, respectively. Survival was influenced by the number of metastases (P = 0.05) and the treatment received (P = 0.03). The disease-free and overall survival periods after metastasectomy were 14 and 21 months, respectively. The 1- and 3-year survival percentages were 60% and 40%, respectively. Patients with single site of metastasis survived longer than patients with more than one site of metastasis (P = 0.005). CONCLUSION Patients with visceral metastases from melanoma may derive survival benefit from metastasectomy over systemic therapy. Judicious selection of patients for metastasectomy is paramount for the success of treatment in this group of patients.
Effect of a Si Additive on an Al Grain Boundary: A First-Principles Investigation

The electronic structure of an Al grain boundary (GB) with Si as an additive has been investigated by a first-principles method. Si has been found to increase the charge density around itself and along the GB, and such increase can be enhanced with increasing Si concentration. Same effect occurs when Si is added in an Al GB with segregated Na impurity. The results suggest a possible strengthening effect of Si on the Al GB, and Si thus can be a good candidate additive for suppressing the Al intergranular embrittlement caused by impurity segregation.
[The psychology of aging].

This is a very reasonable book that should be read. The following may offer you the way to get this book. It is actually ease. When the other people must walk around and go outside to get the book in the book store, you can just be by visiting this site. There is provided link that you can find. It will guide you to visit the book page and get the psychology of aging. Done with the download and get this book, start to read.
Antibodies to Oxidized LDL in Relation to Carotid Atherosclerosis, Cell Adhesion Molecules, and Phospholipase A2

Abstract —The role of the humoral immune response to oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) in atherogenesis is unclear and available studies are contradictory. The aims of the present study were (1) to compare antibody titers to modified LDL in a group of patients with hypercholesterolemia (n=102) with those in matched controls (n=102), (2) to analyze whether these titers were related to atherosclerosis development as measured by ultrasound, and (3) to analyze whether these titers were related to soluble cell adhesion molecules and secretory type II phospholipase A2 in plasma. The results showed that male patients with hypercholesterolemia had lower immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers compared with those in healthy controls. In the control group, there was an inverse correlation between intima-media thickness of the carotid artery bulb and IgM titers against Ox-LDL and malondialdehyde-LDL (r =−0.35, P =0.001; and r =−0.31, P =0.003, respectively). In the patient group, however, only weak associations were seen. IgG titers were positively associated with soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, soluble E-selectin, and secretory type II phospholipase A2. Taken together, the results of this study support the concept that the humoral immune response against Ox-LDL may be protective in early atherosclerosis. The pattern, however, is complex, and the role of the immune response may differ in different patient groups as well as at different stages of the disease.
Testing for jumps in GARCH models, a robust approach

Financial series occasionally exhibit large changes. To deal with those events, we assume that the observed return series consists of a conditionally Gaussian ARMA-GARCH (or -GJR) model contaminated by an additive jump component. In this framework, we propose a new test for additive jumps. The test is based on standardised returns, where the first two conditional moments of the non-contaminated observations are estimated in a robust way. Simulation results indicate that the test has very good finite sample properties, i.e. correct size and high proportion of correct jump detection. We apply our test on daily returns and detect less than 1% of jumps for the three exchange rates and between 1 and 3% of jumps for about 50 large capitalization stocks from the NYSE. Once jumps have been filtered out, all series are found to be conditionally Gaussian. We also find that simple GARCH-type models estimated on filtered returns deliver better out-of-sample forecasts of the conditional variance than GARCH and GAS models estimated on raw data.
Fast exclusion of angular intra prediction modes in HEVC using reference sample variance

Intra picture coding using HEVC is very efficient and is applied to video as well as single image compression. However, the cost for this high compression efficiency is the complexity caused by the high number of 35 available coding modes. Existing methods for fast mode decision estimate the mode costs based on the prediction error samples. This paper proposes a smart method to exclude the 33 angular prediction modes of HEVC even before prediction, if they are unlikely to deliver a small prediction error. The sensitivity of excluding these modes can be adjusted by a threshold. Completely disregarding the angular modes leads to a very high bitrate increase compared to the unmodified encoder of almost 18% with a time saving of 51%. However, excluding the modes using an exemplary threshold value, the encoding time can be reduced by more than 20%, accompanied by a bitrate increase of only 0.7%.
Benefits of clinical facilitators on improving stroke care in acute hospitals: a new programme for Australia

Care gaps for stroke lead to preventable disability and deaths. The Victorian State Government implemented a programme of employing clinical Facilitators on a fixed‐term basis for up to 3 years (2008–2011) in eight hospitals to improve stroke care. The Facilitators were to establish stroke units where absent, implement evidence‐based management protocols and provide staff education within an agreed work plan.
Recent Developments in Chemical Modification and Characterization of Natural Fiber-Reinforced Composites

A critical review of the literature on the various aspects of natural fibers and biocomposites with a particular reference to chemical modifications is presented in this paper. A notable disadvantage of natural fibers is their polarity which makes it incompatible with hydrophobic matrix. This incompatibility results in poor interfacial bonding between the fibers and the matrix. This in turn leads to impaired mechanical properties of the composites. This defect can be remedied by chemical modification of fibers so as to make it less hydrophilic. This paper reviews the latest trends in chemical modifications and characterizations of natural fibers. The structure and properties of natural fibers have been discussed. Common chemical modifications and their mechanisms have also been elaborated. The importance of chemical modifications and the resultant enhancement in the properties of the composites have also been reviewed. Recent investigations dealing with chemical modifications of natural fiber-reinforced composites have also been cited. POLYM. COMPOS. , 29:187‐
A compound heterozygous GNPTAB mutation causes mucolipidosis II with marked hair color change in a Han Chinese baby

A Compound Heterozygous GNPTAB Mutation Causes Mucolipidosis II With Marked Hair Color Change in a Han Chinese Baby Gwo-Chin Ma, Yu-Yuan Ke, Shun-Ping Chang, Dong-Jay Lee, and Ming Chen* Department of Genomic Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan Department of Pediatrics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan Department of Life Sciences, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
A Sensor Based Navigation Algorithm for a Mobile Robot using the DVFF Approach

Often autonomous mobile robots operate in environment for which prior maps are incomplete or inaccurate. They require the safe execution for a collision free motion to a goal position. This paper addresses a complete navigation method for a mobile robot that moves in unknown environment. Thus, a novel method called DVFF combining the Virtual Force Field (VFF) obstacle avoidance approach and global path planning based on D* algorithm is proposed. While D* generates global path information towards a goal position, the VFF local controller generates the admissible trajectories that ensure safe robot motion. Results and analysis from a battery of experiments with this new method implemented on a ATRV2 mobile robot are shown.
Experimental testing and model validation for ocean wave energy harvesting buoys

Methodology and results are presented for numerical simulations and field experiments using point absorption ocean wave energy harvesting buoy systems, using the heave motion of the buoys to produce useful electrical power. Two approaches, a direct-drive system and a resonant-drive system are analyzed. These systems are not designed for large scale grid power applications, but rather for relatively low-power ocean sensor and communications applications, with power requirements in the 1-10 W range. The field experiments provided useful data for model verification and validation purposes. Results showed that RMS values for armature displacement and armature velocity and mean harvested electrical power were generally within 10% between model simulations and experimental data.
Characterization of copper sulfides formed in MEMS connections by atmospheric corrosion in indoor of electronics industry of arid and marine environments

Abstract Copper sulfides formed in micro electrical connections are very observed frequently in manufacturing areas of the electronics industry in arid and marine environments as whiskers or dendrites. This is generated by drastic variations of relative humidity (RH) and temperature levels in indoor of these industrial plants, which originates the corrosion phenomena and the deterioration and deformation of electrical ways where are conducted the electrical current of Micro Electromechanical Systems (MEMS). MEMS are fabricated in isolated and clean rooms of the electronics industry where are strict rules with specific for the control of microclimates to avoid the corrosion process. In these rooms are filters with high control to detect diminutive and finite particles and gases which promotes the electrochemical process. This added to the severe changes in some periods of the year, of humidity and temperature in outdoor of companies, affect the microclimates of the clean rooms, originating the condensation, which generates the visible or invisible thin films in the copper surfaces of micro electrical connections of MEMS and causing the corrosion. For this reason a study of characterization of sulfur compounds was made to identify the type of corrosion process generated with the climatic factors mentioned, and with the concentration levels of sulfurs that penetrate by holes and air condition systems principally to indoor of the electronics industry. This research shows results of the uniform corrosion in marine zones as in the cities of Tijuana and Ensenada and the pitting corrosion in arid environments as the Mexicali city from 2010 to 2011. The technique used to analyze the copper sulfides as corrosion products was the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with information organized in graphs and tables and also a MatLab simulation was made to determine in a short future the corrosion rate of this electrochemical phenomenon to measure the grade of deterioration of the MEMS connections and have the precaution necessary to prevent the corrosion process.