Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On connectivity in matroids and graphs

In this paper we derive several results for connected matroids and use these to obtain new results for 2-connected graphs. In particular, we generalize work of Murty and Seymour on the number of two-element cocircuits in a minimally connected matroid, and work of Dirac, Plummer and Mader on the number of vertices of degree two in a minimally 2-connected graph. We also solve a problem of Murty by giving a straightforward but useful characterization of minimally connected matroids. The final part of the paper gives a matroid generalization of Dirac and Plummer's result that every minimally 2-connected graph is 3-colourable.
Presence in the past : What can we learn from media history ?

In this chapter we describe the historical development of cinema, television, telerobotics, and virtual environments, with emphasis on their psychological impact, in particular the experience of presence, or sense of ‘being there’ in a mediated environment. Tracing the roots of today’s media technology, we find that media development seems to follow a relentless path towards greater perceptual realism, with current reproductions and simulations of reality having an unprecedented perceptual impact and immediacy. Yet people's responses to media do not appear to be a linear product of the extent of sensory information that the medium provides. Instead, they are very much shaped by people's previous experiences with and expectations towards media – i.e. their media schemata. The current chapter aims to provide a historical context from which lessons can be drawn that may inform our current media research and development efforts.
Students use of the PSOE model to understand weather and climate

ABSTRACT One tried-and-true way to hook students' attention and promote long-lasting understanding is to sequence science instruction in an explore-before-explain instructional sequence. In these lessons for the second through sixth grade band, elementary students investigate the interaction between “cold” and “hot” substances and density to understand how fluids interact in air (some weather phenomenon) and water (ocean currents). The student-based activities are suited to a research-based strategy called the PSOE (predict, share, observe, and explain) sequence of instruction.
Stenting in the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Literature Review

Recanalization of acute large artery occlusions is a strong predictor of good outcome. The development of thrombectomy devices resulted in a significant improvement in recanalization rates compared to thrombolytics alone. However, clinical trials and registries with these thrombectomy devices in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) have shown recanalization rates in the range of 40–81%. The last decade has seen the development of nickel titanium self-expandable stents (SES). These stents, in contrast to balloon-mounted stents, allow better navigability and deployment in tortuous vessels and therefore are optimal for the cerebral circulation. SES were initially used for stent-assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms and for treatment of intracranial stenosis. However, a few authors have recently reported feasibility of deployment of SES in AIS. The use of these devices yielded higher recanalization rates compared to traditional thrombectomy devices. Encouraged by these results, retrievable SES systems have been recently used in AIS. These devices offer the advantage of resheathing and retrieving of the stent even after full deployment. Some of these stents can also be detached in case permanent stent placement is needed. Retrievable SES are being used in Europe and currently tested in clinical trials in the United States. We review the recent literature in the use of stents for the treatment of AIS secondary to large vessel occlusion.
Basque Speecon-like and Basque SpeechDat MDB-600: speech databases for the development of ASR technology for Basque

This paper introduces two databases specifically designed for the development of ASR technology for the Basque language: the Basque Speecon-like database and the Basque SpeechDat MDB-600 database. The former was recorded in an office environment according to the Speecon specifications, whereas the later was recorded through mobile telephones according to the SpeechDat specifications. Both databases were created under an initiative that the Basque Government started in 2005, a program called ADITU, which aimed at developing speech technologies for Basque. The databases belong to the Basque Government. A comprehensive description of both databases is provided in this work, highlighting the differences with regard to their corresponding standard specifications. The paper also presents several initial experimental results for both databases with the purpose of validating their usefulness for the development of speech recognition technology. Several applications already developed with the Basque Speecon-like database are also described. Authors aim to make these databases widely known to the community as well, and foster their use by other groups.
The Anthropocene and anthropology

Noting a lack of consensus in the recent literature on the Anthropocene, this article considers how social anthropologists might contribute to its theorizing and dating. Empirically it draws on the author’s long-term fieldwork in Hungary. It is argued that ethnographic methods are essential for grasping subjectivities, including temporal orientations and perceptions of epochal transformation. When it comes to historical periodization, however, ethnography is obviously insufficient and proposals privileging the last half-century, or just the last quarter of a century, seem inadequate. Influential theories, which define ‘modernity’ in terms of developments emanating from the countries of the North Atlantic in the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries (Gellner, Polanyi, Wolf), remain partial and Eurocentric. To comprehend the social preconditions of the Anthropocene in a holistic fashion (the crucial contribution of comparative anthropology), it is necessary to follow Jack Goody and trace how the urban revolutions of the Bronze Age united Eurasia through the diffusion of new forms of economy, polity and cosmology.
F ¨ Ur Mathematik in Den Naturwissenschaften Leipzig a Complete Set of Local Invariants for a Family of Multipartite Mixed States a Complete Set of Local Invariants for a Family of Multipartite Mixed States

We study the equivalence of quantum states under local unitary transformations by using the singular value decomposition. A complete set of invariants under local unitary transformations is presented for several classes of tripartite mixed states in C K ⊗ C M ⊗ C N composite systems. Two density matrices in the same class are equivalent under local unitary transformations if and only if all these invariants have equal values for these density matrices.
Teaching with RoboCup

This paper describes the design and implementation of a new, simplified, entry-level RoboCup league and its integration into an introductory robotics and artificial intelligence curriculum. This E-League allows teams to focus on individual aspects such as hardware platform development or multi agent coordination, because the league provides modular solutions for several components and lets teams concentrate on chosen area(s) instead of requiring that all teams solve all aspects of a coordinated RoboCup team.
Low Power, Multi-Gigabit DRAM Cell Design Issues Using SOI Technologies

Silicon On Insulator (SOI) can leverage a lot of new advantages for circuit designers compared to conventional bulk technology. In particular, the improved S-factor and reduced junction capacitance make it very appealing for next generation low power, high performance DRAM systems. However, the benefits of the SOI technology do not come entirely for free. In this project, we characterized the key parameters of SOI devices in regards to DRAM applications, and simulated various control schemes used in DRAMs for different SOI technologies. As expected our results show a large improvement in bit line capacitance for the SOI devices compared to the bulk devices. A comparison of the different SOI technologies shows a significant overall advantage of using fully depleted SOI devices compared to partially depleted SOI in terms of both power and performance.
Deadlock-Free Multi-Path Routing for Torus-Based NoCs

In our previous work, a multi-path routing (MPR) scheme was proposed to maximize the data throughput for torus-based NoCs by utilizing multiple paths for concurrent data transmission. In this paper, a deadlock-free virtual channel model is proposed for the MPR scheme. In this virtual channel model, every physical channel on the network is split into about 3.5 virtual channels on average. It is proved that any minimal routing algorithm (including the MPR scheme) using this model is deadlock-free. The MPR scheme employing this new virtual channel model is still a fully adaptive one. The performance of the MPR scheme using the proposed virtual channel model is evaluated through simulations and compared with the fully adaptive single-path minimal routing (SPR) scheme with the same virtual channel model. Simulation results show that MPR achieves better average message latency and normalized accepted traffic than SPR under both uniform and nonuniform traffic in general.
Lipiodol fertility enhancement: two-year follow-up of a randomized trial suggests a transient benefit in endometriosis, but a sustained benefit in unexplained infertility.

BACKGROUND A New Zealand randomized trial has shown that lipiodol treatment enhances fertility with high short-term effectiveness for women with endometriosis. METHODS An open randomized trial in a single-centre secondary- and tertiary-level infertility service assessing lipiodol flushing versus no intervention. A total of 158 women with unexplained infertility (62 women with mild endometriosis and 96 women with pure unexplained infertility) were evaluated at 24 months after trial entry. The main outcome measure was clinical pregnancy, assessed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS There was a significant benefit in overall pregnancy rate following lipiodol [hazard ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-3.2]. Among women with endometriosis, the benefit in pregnancy rate seen in the first 6 months following lipiodol (hazard ratio 5.4, 95% CI 2.1-14.2) was not present at 6-24 months (hazard ratio 0.6, 95% CI 0.2-2.1). There was a more consistent effect of lipiodol on fertility throughout the 24-month follow-up among women with unexplained infertility (hazard ratio 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.5). CONCLUSIONS Lipiodol flushing is effective at enhancing fertility not only for women with endometriosis, but also for those with pure unexplained infertility.
Algorithmic theory of random graphs

The theory of random graphs has been mainly concerned with structural properties, in particular the most likely values of various graph invariants – see Bollobas [21]. There has been increasing interest in using random graphs as models for the average case analysis of graph algorithms. In this paper we survey some of the results in this area.
Dense Molecular Gas in Extreme Starburst Galaxies - What will we learn from Herschel?

Ultra Luminous Infra-Red Galaxies (ULIRGs) -- gas-rich mergers harboring the most extreme star-forming conditions encountered in the local Universe -- are thought to re-enact the galaxy formation processes we are only barely able to glimpse in the distant Universe. Combining new single-dish molecular line observations of 12CO, 13CO, HCO+, HCN, and CS towards the two ULIRGs Arp220 and NGC6240 with existing data in the literature, we have compiled the most extensive molecular line data-sets to date of such galaxies. The data allow us to put strong constraints on the properties of the dense star forming gas in these two systems, and compare the relative usefulness of CS, HCN and HCO+ as tracers of dense gas. In addition, we have build molecular line templates based on our observations, and demonstrate that Herschel/HI-FI will be able to detect the high-J transitions of most of the above molecules in a large sample of ULIRGs out to z<=0.5, assuming Arp220 and NGC6240 are representative of the ULIRG population at these redshifts.
Low Delay Noise Reduction and Dereverberation for Hearing Aids

A new system for single-channel speech enhancement is proposed which achieves a joint suppression of late reverberant speech and background noise with a low signal delay and low computational complexity. It is based on a generalized spectral subtraction rule which depends on the variances of the late reverberant speech and background noise. The calculation of the spectral variances of the late reverberant speech requires an estimate of the reverberation time (RT) which is accomplished by a maximum likelihood (ML) approach. The enhancement with this blind RT estimation achieves almost the same speech quality as by using the actual RT. In comparison to commonly used post-filters in hearing aids which only perform a noise reduction, a significantly better objective and subjective speech quality is achieved. The proposed system performs time-domain filtering with coefficients adapted in the non-uniform (Bark-scaled) frequency-domain. This allows to achieve a high speech quality with low signal delay which is important for speech enhancement in hearing aids or related applications such as hands-free communication systems.
Hybrid Predictive Control design based on Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm

This paper discusses a model predictive control approach to hybrid systems with continuous and discrete inputs. The algorithm, which takes into account a model of a hybrid system, described as Hybrid Automaton. However, to avoid computational complexity and computation time, the nonlinear optimization problem is solved by evolutionary algorithms (EA) such as Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). We have applied both GA and PSO algorithms for nonlinear optimization in Hybrid Predictive Control (HPC) for the start-up of a Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor (CSTR). The simulation results show the good performance of approaches and their capability to use in online application.
A Critical Period of Sleep for Development of Courtship Circuitry and Behavior in Drosophila

Sleep Tight, Fly Shortly after eclosion, young flies sleep a lot and are resistant to being woken. Several days later, the same flies sleep less and are more easily woken. Kayser et al. (p. 269) show that the different sleep pattern characteristic of youthful flies is critical to correct development of their brains. When sleep is disrupted in young flies, dopaminergic signaling is also disturbed and a glomerulus in the courtship behavior circuit does not develop properly, leading to inadequate courtship behavior and failure to reproduce. Young flies need their sleep, too. Most animals sleep more early in life than in adulthood, but the function of early sleep is not known. Using Drosophila, we found that increased sleep in young flies was associated with an elevated arousal threshold and resistance to sleep deprivation. Excess sleep results from decreased inhibition of a sleep-promoting region by a specific dopaminergic circuit. Experimental hyperactivation of this circuit in young flies results in sleep loss and lasting deficits in adult courtship behaviors. These deficits are accompanied by impaired development of a single olfactory glomerulus, VA1v, which normally displays extensive sleep-dependent growth after eclosion. Our results demonstrate that sleep promotes normal brain development that gives rise to an adult behavior critical for species propagation and suggest that rapidly growing regions of the brain are most susceptible to sleep perturbations early in life.
To Buy or Not to Buy ? A Two Stage Model of within Site

We investigate the within site purchase and search behavior of online customers visiting one of the largest European online travel agencies. Using a dynamic two stage model of purchase incidence and carrier choice we study how price uncertainty affects consumer purchase behavior. We find that current and future category value along with visitors’ browsing experience and search effort are important predictors of purchase incidence. We find that consumers are forward looking and learn about the distribution of prices as they search. Spatial price variation results in greater search, while the number of flight options positively influences purchase incidence. Customers who search actively have a lower purchase threshold, however, customers who exit without making a purchase are less likely to purchase in subsequent visits to the website. Furthermore, expected expenditure and flight characteristics are key determinants of airline choice. Both observed and unobserved heterogeneity in search behavior are also found to influence purchase decisions. Tests of predictive ability also validate the proposed search model compared to a model without pre-purchase behavior. We also discuss important implications for website managers. ⇤Ammara Mahmood is Doctoral student at Said Business School, Oxford University. Email: ammara.mahmood@sbs.ox. ac.uk. Dr. Catarina Sismeiro is Associate Professor at Imperial College Business School, UK. Email: catarina.sismeiro@imperial.ox. ac.uk †Do not cite without authors’ consent.
Inhibition of the Responses to Sex Pheromone of the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Abstract Trifluoromethyl ketones reversibly inhibit pheromone-degrading esterases in insect olfactory tissues, affecting pheromone detection and behavior of moth males. In this work, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl trifluoromethyl ketone (Z9-14:TFMK), a closely-related analogue of the pheromone of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), was prepared and tested in electroantennogram and field tests as possible inhibitors of the pheromone action. The electroantennogram parameters, amplitude, and the repolarization time of the antennal responses of S. frugiperda males were affected by Z9-14:TFMK vapors. Exposure of male antennae to a stream of air passing through 100 ìg of the ketone produced a significant reduction of the amplitude and an increase of 2/3 repolarization time signals to the pheromone. The effect was reversible and dose-dependent. In the field, the analogue significantly decreased the number of males caught when mixed with the pheromone in 10:1 ratio. The results suggest that Z9-14:TFMK is a mating disruptant of S. frugiperda and may be a good candidate to consider in future strategies to control this pest.
On the IR/UV mixing and experimental limits on the parameters of canonical noncommutative spacetimes

We investigate some issues that are relevant for the derivation of experimental limits on the parameters of canonical noncommutative spacetimes. By analyzing a simple Wess-Zumino-type model in canonical noncommutative spacetime with soft supersymmetry breaking we explore the implications of ultraviolet supersymmetry on low-energy phenomenology. The fact that new physics in the ultraviolet can modify low-energy predictions affects significantly the derivation of limits on the noncommutativity parameters based on low-energy data. These are, in an appropriate sense here discussed, ``conditional limits''. We also find that some standard techniques for an effective low-energy description of theories with non-locality at short distance scales are only applicable in a regime where theories in canonical noncommutative spacetime lack any predictivity, because of the strong sensitivity to unknown UV physics. It appears useful to combine high-energy data, from astrophysics, with the more readily available low-energy data.
Deterministic algorithms for management of matrix groups

We report some results on deterministic algorithms for effic ient management of matrix groups over finite fields. Our results ge neralize Luks’s work on solvable matrix groups to wider classes of matrix gro ups. In this article, we present algorithms for membership-test ing and its closely related problems. The algorithms run deterministically in time polynomial in these three parameters: the input length of given generator s for a matrix group G, the largest prime dividing|G| other than the field characteristic, and the maximum order of a nonabelian composition factor of G. In a future paper, these algorithms will be key procedures in an efficient divide-and-conquer algorithm that will solve matrix-grou p problems resembling graph-isomorphism testing in the class Γd: finite groups all of whose nonabelian composition factors lie in Sd.
Interconnect and current density stress: an introduction to electromigration-aware design

Electromigration due to excessive current density stress in the interconnect can cause the premature failure of an electronic circuit. The ongoing reduction of circuit feature sizes has aggravated the problem over the last couple of years. It is therefore an important reliability issue to consider electromigration-related design parameters during interconnect design. In this tutorial, we give an introduction to the electromigration problem and its relationship to current density. We then present various physical design constraints that affect electromigration. Finally, we introduce components of an electromigration-aware physical design flow.
Semidefinite Programming in the Space of Partial Positive Semidefinite Matrices

We build upon the work of Fukuda et al. [SIAM J. Optim. , 11 (2001), pp. 647--674] and Nakata et al. [Math. Program. , 95 (2003), pp. 303--327], in which the theory of partial positive semidefinite matrices was applied to the semidefinite programming (SDP) problem as a technique for exploiting sparsity in the data. In contrast to their work, which improved an existing algorithm based on a standard search direction, we present a primal-dual path-following algorithm that is based on a new search direction, which, roughly speaking, is defined completely within the space of partial symmetric matrices. We show that the proposed algorithm computes a primal-dual solution to the SDP problem having duality gap less than a fraction $\varepsilon > 0$ of the initial duality gap in ${\cal O}(n \log(\varepsilon^{-1}))$ iterations, where n is the size of the matrices involved. Moreover, we present computational results showing that the algorithm possesses several advantages over other existing implementations.
Soft-Checkpointing Based Hybrid Synchronous Checkpointing Protocol for Mobile Distributed Systems

Minimum-process coordinated checkpointing is a suitable approach to introduce fault tolerance in mobile distributed systems transparently. In order to balance the checkpointing overhead and the loss of computation on recovery, the authors propose a hybrid checkpointing algorithm, wherein an all-process coordinated checkpoint is taken after the execution of minimum-process coordinated checkpointing algorithm for a fixed number of times. In coordinated checkpointing, if a single process fails to take its checkpoint; all the checkpointing effort goes waste, because, each process has to abort its tentative checkpoint. In order to take the tentative checkpoint, an MH Mobile Host needs to transfer large checkpoint data to its local MSS over wireless channels. In this regard, the authors propose that in the first phase, all concerned MHs will take soft checkpoint only. Soft checkpoint is similar to mutable checkpoint. In this case, if some process fails to take checkpoint in the first phase, then MHs need to abort their soft checkpoints only. The effort of taking a soft checkpoint is negligibly small as compared to the tentative one. In the minimum-process coordinated checkpointing algorithm, an effort has been made to minimize the number of useless checkpoints and blocking of processes using probabilistic approach.