Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stable and metastable states of SN−

Highly correlated ab initio methods were used in order to generate the potential energy functions (PEFs) of the bound electronic states of the SN− anion and the long-range parts of the PEFs of its excited states and their mutual spin–orbit couplings. The SN (X2Π and a4Π) potential energy curves are also computed. In addition to the two bound electronic states of SN− (i.e. X3Σ− and 1Δ) already known, our calculations show that the 3Δ state is lying energetically below its quartet parent neutral state (a4Π). The depletion of the J = 3 component of SN−(3Δ) will mainly occur via weak interactions with the electron continuum wave. At large internuclear distances, SN−(5Π) state is predicted to possess a shallow polarization minimum supporting long-lived SN− ions. Finally, the reaction between S−(2Pu) and N(4Su) involves the electronic states of SN− and their mutual couplings, in competition with the autodetachment processes.
A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE RAYPEX5 APEX LOCATOR AND CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHY FOR DETERMINING WORKING LENGTH OF STRAIGHT AND CURVED CANALS

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of the new electronic apex locator Raypex5 with radiography for working length determination of straight and curved root canals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty straight and single canals of maxillary central teeth and twenty curved mesiobuccal canals of mandibular molar teeth were used. Access cavities were prepared and working lengths were determined by means of Raypex5 and conventional radiography then compared with actual working lengths (AWL). Data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measurements and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between electronic and actual working length determination for straight canals (p=0.74). For curved canals the difference between electronic and actual working length was significant (p<0.0001). There was a significant difference between radiographic and actual working length determination either for straight and curved canals (p=0.024, p<0.0001). The difference between radiographic and electronic working length determination was also significant for straight canals (p=0.006). The percentage of electronic measurements within ±0.5 of AWL was 70% for straight canals and 35% for curved root canals. The percentage of radiographic measurements within ± 0.5 of AWL was 50% for straight canals and 25% for curved root canals. CONCLUSION: Raypex 5 is an apex locator that measured the tooth length within a clinically acceptable range especially in anterior straight canals.
Territorial stigmatization and housing commodification under racial neoliberalism: The case of Denmark's ‘ghettos’

The relation between racialization and neoliberalism is relatively unexplored in urban geography, especially in the context of social democratic welfare regimes. This article aims to bridge this gap by applying the concept of racial neoliberalism, here referring to a co-constitutive relation between racialization and neoliberalism, to Denmark. Conceiving the country's so-called ‘ghetto’ politics as an expression of racial neoliberalism, the article retraces the development of this politics over the first two decades of the 21st century. I argue that territorial stigmatization and commodification of marginalized non-profit housing areas have been two co-constitutive expressions of racial neoliberalism that have intensified during this historical period. Examining three key policy moments through various grey literature, the article demonstrates how stigmatization has served to justify commodification, while the failure of the latter has been followed by intensified and bureaucratized stigmatization leading to new commodification efforts until culminating in the infamous 2018 ‘Ghetto Law’.
Response of resonant gravitational wave detectors to damped sinusoid signals

Till date, the search for burst signals with resonant gravitational wave (GW) detectors has been done using the δ-function approximation for the signal, which was reasonable due to the very small bandwidth of these detectors. However, now with increased bandwidth (of the order of 10 or more Hz) and with the possibility of comparing results with interferometric GW detectors (broad-band), it is very important to exploit the resonant detectors' capability to detect also signals with specific wave shapes. As a first step, we present a study of the response of resonant GW detectors to damped sinusoids with given frequency and decay time and report on the development of a filter matched to these signals. This study is a preliminary step towards the comprehension of the detector response and of the filtering for signals such as the excitation of stellar quasi-normal modes.
THE APPLICATION OF THE LIMIT THEOREM OF THE CONTAGIOUS STOCHASTIC PROCESS TO THE CONTAGIOUS DISEASES

Although the occurrences of the contagious diseases are according to very complicated circumstances, some of them may be still recognized as the rare events of the stochastic process of the weak contagion. The application of our method appealing to POLYA-EGGENBERGER’s law demands to calculate the two constants, i.e. the mean value h and the parameter of the weak contagion d. These calculations are not, however, so complicated. If the applications of our method are not successful, these two values h and d will give us a detailed insight of the contagion of the diseases. It is of couse to be remarked that the seasonal variations and non-homogeneity of the time-series will sometimes give deviations from the POISSON’s laws. Such discussions are omitted in this paper, which we postpone to another occasion. Thus this paper is our first attack on the contagious diseases from the standpoint of the limiting probability-law, whose validity can be safety claimed after certain further discussion.
COVID‐19 and tail risk contagion across commodity futures markets

Abstract This paper examines the impact of COVID‐19 on tail risk contagion across commodity futures markets using a copula‐based network method. We document a significant increase in the lower and upper tail contagiousness of commodities following the COVID‐19 outbreak. Contagion shows an obvious clustering characteristic, that is, there is higher tail risk connectedness between commodities in the same category. Agricultural commodities are significantly less contagious than metals and energy commodities; soft commodities in particular can offer investors significant diversification benefits. There are several hub commodities in the contagion network, chief among them copper, which are good transmitters of shocks and should be treated with caution by investors and regulators. Although tail risk and contagiousness of individual commodities increase together during the pandemic, we find a negative cross‐sectional relationship between tail risk and contagiousness, that is, commodities with high tail risk are not necessarily highly contagious and may even be less so.
Diagnostic test for unstable autoregressive models

In this article, we investigate the limiting distribution of the Ljung and Box test statistic based on squared residuals in unstable autoregressive models [Chan, N.H. and Wei, C.Z. , 1988, Limiting distribution of least squares estimates of unstable autoregressive processes. Annals of Statistics, 16, 367–401. ]. We show that the limiting distribution is a chi-square distribution in which the degrees of freedom depends only on the number of lags of the residual autocorrelations. Further, we investigate the limiting distribution of Hong's [Hong, Y. , 1996, Consistent testing for serial correlation of unknown form. Econometrica, 64, 837–864. ] test statistic based on the original and squared residuals. It is shown that their limiting distributions are independent of the unit roots of the characteristic polynomial of the unstable model. The simulation results are listed and an application to quarterly US beer production data has been provided for illustration.
Analyzing the Effect of Telemedicine on Domains of Quality Through Facilitators and Barriers to Adoption: Systematic Review

Background Telemedicine has a long history; however, its efficacy has been reported with mixed reviews. Studies have reported a wide range of quality implications when using the telemedicine modality of care. Objective This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of telemedicine through 6 domains of quality through an analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the literature published, to date, in 2022. Methods A total of 4 databases were searched using a standard Boolean string. The 882,420 results were reduced to 33 for analysis through filtering and randomization. The systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with the Kruse Protocol and reported in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; 2020). Results The Cohen κ statistic was calculated to show agreement between the reviewers (Cohen κ=0.90, strong). Medical outcomes associated with the telemedicine modality were 100% effective with a weighted average effect size of 0.21 (small effect). Many medical outcomes were positive but not statistically better than treatment as usual. RCTs have reported positive outcomes for physical and mental health, medical engagement, behavior change, increased quality of life, increased self-efficacy, increased social support, and reduced costs. All 6 domains of quality were identified in the RCTs and 4 were identified in 100% of the studies. Telemedicine is highly patient-centered because it meets digital preferences, is convenient, avoids stigma, and enables education at one’s own pace. A few barriers exist to its wide adoption, such as staff training and cost, and it may not be the preferred modality for all. Conclusions The effectiveness of telemedicine is equal to or greater than that of traditional care across a wide spectrum of services studied in this systematic literature review. Providers should feel comfortable offering this modality of care as a standard option to patients where it makes sense to do so. Although barriers exist for wide adoption, the facilitators are all patient facing. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42022343478; https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=343478
Investigating SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cell Surfaceome as a Model for Neuronal-Targeted Novel Therapeutic Modalities

The SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells are a widely used in vitro model approximating neurons for testing the target engagement of therapeutics designed for neurodegenerative diseases and pain disorders. However, their potential as a model for receptor-mediated delivery and uptake of novel modalities, such as antibody-drug conjugates, remains understudied. Investigation of the SH-SY5Y cell surfaceome will aid in greater in vitro to in vivo correlation of delivery and uptake, thereby accelerating drug discovery. So far, the majority of studies have focused on total cell proteomics from undifferentiated and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. While some studies have investigated the expression of specific proteins in neuroblastoma tissue, a global approach for comparison of neuroblastoma cell surfaceome to the brain and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons remains uninvestigated. Furthermore, an isoform-specific evaluation of cell surface proteins expressed on neuroblastoma cells remains unexplored. In this study, we define a bioinformatic workflow for the identification of high-confidence surface proteins expressed on brain and DRG neurons using tissue proteomic and transcriptomic data. We then delineate the SH-SY5Y cell surfaceome by surface proteomics and show that it significantly overlaps with the human brain and DRG neuronal surface proteome. We find that, for 32% of common surface proteins, SH-SY5Y-specific major isoforms are alternatively spliced, maintaining their protein-coding ability, and are predicted to localize to the cell surface. Validation of these isoforms using surface proteomics confirms a SH-SY5Y-specific alternative NRCAM (neuron-glia related cell adhesion molecule) isoform, which is absent in typical brain neurons, but present in neuroblastomas, making it a receptor of interest for neuroblastoma-specific therapeutics.
Pseudo-Canonical Systems with Rational Weyl Functions: Explicit Formulas and Applications

Abstract The paper extends earlier results of the authors for canonical systems with spectral functions of which the absolutely continuous part has a rational derivative to a class of differential systems with skew selfadjoint potentials. The corresponding direct and inverse spectral problems are solved explicitly, using state space methods from mathematical system theory. Applications to nonlinear integrable partial differential equations are included.
Flow dynamics and forces associated with a cylinder rolling along a wall

The wake flow structures and the drag force for a cylinder rolling along a wall without slipping were calculated for the Reynolds number range 20<Re<200, covering the two-dimensional shedding regime. Time-dependent numerical computations show the wake undergoes a steady to periodic shedding transition between 85<Re<90. The Strouhal number varies only weakly at higher Reynolds number, and is a factor of 3–4 lower than for an isolated rotating or nonrotating body. Also, within this shedding regime, the wake is characterized by counter-rotating vortex pairs, which propagate away from the wall via mutual induction. These pairs are formed as compact vortex structures from the top separating shear layer induce secondary vorticity at the wall, which is pulled up from the boundary to form the semidiscrete flow structures. Over both the steady and unsteady regimes, the (time-mean) recirculation length and drag are quantified.
Comparison of recurrent biliary obstruction with the use of metal and plastic stents in EUS-guided biliary drainage: A propensity score-matched analysis

Background and Objectives: In transpapillary biliary drainage, metal stents (MSs) exhibit a lower incidence of a biliary obstruction than plastic stents (PSs). However, few studies have compared recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) when MSs and PSs are used in EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) and choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS). We retrospectively evaluated the RBO for both stents in each procedure. Patients and Methods: Between November 2012 and December 2020, 85 and 53 patients who underwent EUS-HGS and EUS-CDS for unresectable malignant biliary obstruction, respectively, were enrolled. Factors associated with RBO were assessed. Clinical outcomes were compared between the MS and PS groups using propensity score matching. Results: The clinical success rate and procedure-related adverse events were similar in the MS and PS groups. Multivariate analysis identified the use of PS as a factor associated with RBO (EUS-HGS, P = 0.03; EUS-CDS, P = 0.02). After matching, the median time to RBO in EUS-HGS (MS: 313; PS: 125 days; P = 0.01) in the MS group was longer than that in the PS group. The cumulative incidence of RBO at 1, 3, and 6 months in the MS group was significantly lower than that in the PS group for EUS-HGS (MS: 4.0%, 8.2%, and 8.2%; PS: 12.4%, 24.9%, and 39.5%, respectively, P = 0.01). Conclusions: MS exhibited a lower rate of RBO than PS for EUS-HGS and EUS-CDS.
The nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio in galaxies and its implications for the origin of nitrogen

We re-examine the available data on nitrogen and oxygen abundances deduced from the spectra of giant H II regions in external galaxies. If account is taken of the likely differences in temperature between the [O II] and [O III] ionization zones, the derived N/O ratios as a function of O/H can consistently be explained by models in which nitrogen has both a (delayed) primary and a secondary component relative to oxygen, with the secondary component dominating at high abundance. There is also some evidence that the secondary component is delayed (by perhaps 2×10 9 yr), and that there is some spread in the ages of the discs of late-type spirals
Cooperative cover location problems: The planar case

A cooperative-covering family of location problems is proposed in this paper. Each facility emits a (possibly non-physical) “signal” which decays over the distance and each demand point observes the aggregate signal emitted by all facilities. It is assumed that a demand point is covered if its aggregate signal exceeds a given threshold; thus facilities cooperate to provide coverage, as opposed to the classical coverage location model where coverage is only provided by the closest facility. It is shown that this cooperative assumption is appropriate in a variety of applications. Moreover, ignoring the cooperative behavior (i.e., assuming the traditional individual coverage framework) leads to solutions that are significantly worse than the optimal cooperative cover solutions; this is illustrated with a case study of locating warning sirens in North Orange County, California. The problems are formulated, analyzed and solved in the plane for the Euclidean distance case. Optimal and heuristic algorithms are proposed and extensive computational experiments are reported.
Accelerated motional cooling with deep reinforcement learning

Achieving fast cooling of motional modes is a prerequisite for leveraging such bosonic quanta for high-speed quantum information processing. In this work, we address the aspect of reducing the time limit for cooling below that constrained by the conventional sideband cooling techniques; and propose a scheme to apply deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to achieve this. In particular, we have shown how the scheme can be used effectively to accelerate the dynamic motional cooling of a macroscopic magnonic sphere, and how it can be uniformly extended for more complex systems, for example, a tripartite opto-magno-mechanical system to obtain cooling of the motional mode below the time bound of coherent cooling. While conventional sideband cooling methods do not work beyond the well-known rotating wave approximation (RWA) regimes, our proposed DRL scheme can be applied uniformly to regimes operating within and beyond the RWA, and thus this offers a new and complete toolkit for rapid control and generation of macroscopic quantum states for application in quantum technologies.
Atomic Carbon in the AFGL 333 Cloud

We have mapped the W3 giant molecular cloud in the C0 3P1-3P0 ([C I] 492 GHz) and 12CO J = 3-2 emission lines with the Mount Fuji Submillimeter-wave Telescope. The [C I] distribution is extended over the molecular cloud, having peaks at three star forming clouds, W3 Main, W3(OH), and AFGL 333. The [C I] emission is found to be strong in the AFGL 333 cloud, where the 12CO J = 3-2 emission is relatively weak. In order to characterize the physical and chemical states of the AFGL 333 cloud, we have also observed the CO J = 1-0 isotopomer lines and the CCS and N2H+ lines with the Nobeyama Radio Observatory 45 m Telescope. The [C0]/[CO] and [CCS]/[N2H+] abundance ratios are found to be higher in the AFGL 333 cloud than in the W3(OH) cloud, suggesting that the AFGL 333 cloud is younger than the W3(OH) cloud. In the AFGL 333 cloud we have found two massive cores without any sign of active star formation. They are highly gravitationally bound and are regarded as good candidates for a massive prestellar core.
Regularity Properties of High-dimensional Covariate Matrices ∗

Regularity properties such as the incoherence condition, the restricted isometry property, compatibility, restricted eigenvalue and lq sensitivity of covariate matrices play a pivotal role in high-dimensional regression and compressed sensing. Yet, like computing the spark of a matrix, we first show that it is NP-hard to check the conditions involving all submatrices of a given size. This motivates us to investigate what classes of design matrices sat- isfy these conditions. We demonstrate that the most general property, lq sensitivity, holds with high probability for covariate matrices sam- pled from populations with a suitably regular covariance matrix. The probability lower bound and sample size required depend on the tail be- havior of the random noise. We examine this for three important cases, bounded, sub-Gaussian, and finite moment random noises. We further show that lq sensitivity is preserved under natural opera- tions on the data. Our work is particularly important for many statisti- cal applications, in which the covariates are observational and correlated and can be thought of as fixed in advance. AMS 2000 subject classifications: Primary 62J05; secondary 68Q17, 62H12.
Carbon and Iron Uptake by Phytoplankton in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica

Simple Summary In the Amundsen Sea in late summer, sea ice meltwater has a more pronounced effect on the CFR and FeUR than meteoric water. Meteoric water, however, promotes the growth of larger phytoplankton that are susceptible to Fe deficiencies. Sea ice formation inhibits carbon fixation, resulting in a higher intracellular Fe/C ratio. Abstract Freshwater components in the Southern Ocean, whether sea ice meltwater or meteoric water, influence the growth of phytoplankton by affecting water stability and supplying dissolved iron (DFe). In addition, melting sea ice stimulates phytoplankton blooms by providing ice algae. In this study, sea ice meltwater and meteoric water in the Amundsen Sea (AS) were differentiated by their stable oxygen isotopic compositions (δ18O), while the phytoplankton carbon fixation rate (CFR) and iron uptake rate (FeUR) values were determined using the 14C and 55Fe tracer assays, respectively. Our results showed that FeUR exhibits a significant positive response only to sea ice meltwater, suggesting that DFe and algae provided by sea ice melting may be the main cause. In addition, the CFR had a slightly positive response to the freshwater input and a stronger correlation with the phytoplankton biomass, suggesting that the freshwater input may have enhanced the CFR through the algae released from sea ice melting. The FeUR normalized to the phytoplankton biomass was significantly positively correlated with the mixed layer depth, suggesting that water stability regulates the phytoplankton growth and the resulting Fe demand. A higher Fe demand per unit of carbon fixation during sea ice formation leads to a higher Fe/C ratio in phytoplankton. Although no significant correlations were observed between the FeUR, CFR, and meteoric water, meteoric water may have an effect on larger phytoplankton sensitive to Fe deficiencies. The results of culture experiments with DFe addition showed that the added Fe significantly enhanced the Fe uptake, carbon fixation, and Fe/C ratio of the cells, especially for micro-phytoplankton. The more pronounced response of micro-phytoplankton means that the meteoric water input may affect the efficiency of carbon export. Our study provides the first measurements of phytoplankton Fe quotas in the AS in austral late summer and early autumn, providing insights into how meteoric water and sea ice meltwater affect seasonal changes in Antarctic ecosystems.