Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Example-Based Machine Translation approach for Bahasa Indonesia to English: An experiment using MOSES

Bahasa Indonesia and English have many differences in their linguistic structure. Translating sentences from one language to another is not a straight forward task for these pair of languages. Example-Based Machine Translation (EBMT) approach which introduced as a new paradigm in machine translation field is used in this initial work of developing a Bahasa Indonesia to English machine translation. The machine translation is developed by utilizing Moses system. Experiments in translating Bahasa Indonesia to English by tuning the parameters in Moses decoder have set alight about how the effects of manipulating the weight on translation model, language model, distortion (re-ordering) and word penalty on increasing the quality of the translation.
Transnational bureaucratic politics : an institutional rivalry perspective on EU network governance

This contribution introduces our symposium by highlighting four distinctive aspects of transnational governance from a bureaucratic politics perspective: the emergence of transnational institutions, their functioning, their impact on the domestic level, and the diffusion of regulatory standards. The general argument is that many accounts of transnational governance seem to be overly optimistic about the conditions for effective problem-solving and fail to take into account that institutional rivalry may either support or constrain the implementation of supranational policies. The aim of this piece is to review existing research, to highlight the contribution of the symposium articles in furthering an institutional rivalry perspective on transnational governance, and to sketch pertinent areas for further research building upon this perspective.
Forecasting of surface ozone concentrations 24 hours in advance using neural networks

-This study test the usefulness of neural network models for the prediction of 24-hours ahead O3 concentration. For a rural environment in eastern Spain, the O3, meteorological, and nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2) data for the three ozone seasons (March to October) periods have been used to develop models to predict one-day ahead ambient O3 concentrations. The problem is examined initially for the univariate case, and it is extended to include additional meteorological and nitrogen oxides parameters in the process of estimating the optimum models. Three performance measures, namely, root mean square error, coefficient of determination, and index of agreement yield similar results for both univariate and multivariate models. The results indicate that the developed neural models predict the O3 time series more effectively compared to the previous procedures based on dynamical system theory. Under conditions too demanding for advanced physico/chemical models, the univariated models may offer useful alternative to derive O3 prediction directly from O3 data time series. The MLP models can be used for EU public advisories. Key-Words: Air pollution prediction; Neural network; Time series analysis, Multilayer perceptron, Public advisories, Ozone pollution
Embedded Ultra Low-Power Digital Signal Processing

he widespread and growing use of portable, battery-powered devices like cellular telephones, audio-capable personal digital assistants (PDAs), MP3 players and similar applications has resulted in an increasing demand for miniature , ultra low-power digital signal processing (DSP) technology. Many of these devices make heavy use of digital signal processing techniques like modulation, demodulation, filtering, automatic gain control, equalization and subband coding and decoding. In these devices, users expect a range of DSP-based features to be delivered with little impact on battery life and in miniature, portable packages. The conflicting demands of ultra-low power consumption and increasing DSP functionality have led to a number of advances in algorithms, semiconductor technologies and system architectures. Based on research for digital hearing aids that started in the early 1990's, we have developed a new DSP system that has benefited from advances in all of these areas. It offers miniature size, ultra low-power consumption and is sufficiently flexible to support a wide range of applications. This technology will result in a new range of devices where ultra low-power, miniature DSP technology is embedded into a system or subsystem and invisibly performs a useful task. By embedding ultra low-power, miniature signal processing capabilities, we expect improved performance in everything from embedded sensors to digital hearing aids, especially in adverse signal conditions. This paper presents an overview of the requirements for ultra low-power embedded DSP systems, the technology that was developed for our signal processing system, and a detailed look at a demanding application: a digital, frequency-domain, beamforming hearing aid. The requirements for embedding DSP systems into miniature, ultra low-power applications are challenging (Table 1). These requirements were driven by our initial application, digital hearing aids. In this application , size and power consumption are particularly restrictive. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the system. It consists of three major components: • Weighted overlap-add (WOLA) filterbank coprocessor, • RCORE DSP core, and • Input-output processor (IOP). Size • Miniature size (hearing aids require a complete DSP system in less than 3 x 5 x 3 mm) Power • Single-battery operation; operates to 0.9 volts • Less that 1 mA system current consumption (< 0.1 mW/ MIPS for DSP platform) Performance • At least 5 MIPS of signal processing capability • Flexibility to support a wide range of applications • Broadcast quality fidelity (minimum 8 kHz bandwidth) • Less than 10 ms group delay • More than …
Low Power Computing Using Emerging Resistive Non-volatile Memories

integrating the memories in the logic circuits. In this talk, we will discuss several logic-in-memory schemes to address various issues in current computing systems. Non-volatile Flip-flop (NVFF) (3) and localized NVM array (4) are proposed for the standby power free computing. As shown in Fig. 2, they retain the states of registers in NVMs during standby, and read them back to registers after power-on. The proposed NVFF reduces the VDD and states saving power by more than 60% from the conventional NVFF designs in (5-6). The proposed localized NVM array further reduces the saving power by more than 20%. We further propose a logic-in-memory computing architecture to address the long interconnect issue (7), as shown in Fig. 3. One NVM cell is used for one input signal, and reference NVM blocks are used to implement different logic functions. Moreover, timing demultiplexing is used to share the MTJ for different functions. Compared to the conventional logic-in-memory architecture in (8), this scheme could reduce the power by more than 66%. Finally, the schemes to achieve low power non-volatile FPGA (NVFPGA) computing will also be addressed. The first scheme is the non-volatile switch based FPGA as shown in Fig. 4(a), which could reduce the area of the SRAM-based FPGA by more than 70% with 63% faster operating speed (9). The second scheme is the non-volatile storage element (NVSE) for run-time reconfiguration (10-11), as shown in Fig. 4(b). It not only significantly relaxes the requirement of the NVM process, but also can be designed as a multi-context NVSE for fast run-time reconfiguration. More details will be presented in the conference.
Search Architectures for the Automatic Design of Graphical Presentations

This paper presents an approach for automatically creating explanations of changes in the results generated by quantitative modeling systems. These explanations combine both text and graphics, and therefore serve as a vehicle for exploring the interaction between these two modes of presentation. The approach integrates research from three different areas. Relevant content for explanations is determined using extensions of previous work on comparative analysis of financial models. Discourse planning is performed by applying techniques of rhetorical modeling to the analysis of explanatory dialogues. Graphical presentation is accomplished by extending prior work on automatically designing displays for quantitative data. Finally, this paper presents an approach to coordinating textual and graphical presentations.
High order neural network based solution for approximating the Average Likelihood Ratio

The detection of gaussian signals with unknown correlation coefficient, ρs is considered. A strategy for designing high order neural networks (HONN) in composite hypothesis test is proposed. A HONN trained with ρs varying uniformly in [0, 1] is considered to approximate the Average Likelihood Ratio (ALR). In order to compare the suitability of the approximation, a sub-optimal solution based on constrained generalized likelihood ratio is used. A study of the computational cost is carried out. Results show that a HONN is able to approximate the ALR with a low computational cost.
Uniqueness Typing in Theory and PracticeErik

We present uniqueness typing as an extension of a familiar Curry style typing system for graph rewrite systems. This provides a method for combining purely functional programming with operations having side-eeects, while preserving the functional nature of the language. We give a technical account as well as the underlying intuition. The system is shown to be eeective in the sense that a uniqueness variant of a given conventional type can be determined automatically. Finally, this paper gives some examples of the application of uniqueness typing in the programming language Clean.
Inside and Outside the Band Exchange Rate Fluctuations for Brazil

This paper analyzes the empirical fit of a new approach to exchange rate target zones. Unlike most of the literature on target zones, we use an estimation procedure that takes explicitly into account the band constraints, and hence their effect on the expectations of agents. Crucially, we do not impose Uncovered Interest Parity to assess realignment expectations. Rather than a point estimate of the future exchange rate, we estimate the entire range of realizations anticipated by the markets, and the probability attributed to each range. We examine high-frequency Brazilian post-stabilization (stable) data in allowing for both realignment jumps and within-the-band jumps. Knowledge of the exchange rate distribution can be relevant not only to the private sector for the management of currency risk, but also to policymakers as a source of prompt market feedback to policy changes or other political and economic shocks.
Bimodal Logics with a "Weakly Connected" Component without the Finite Model Property

There are two known general results on the finite model property (fmp) of commutators [L,L'] (bimodal logics with commuting and confluent modalities). If L is finitely axiomatisable by modal formulas having universal Horn first-order correspondents, then both [L,K] and [L,S5] are determined by classes of frames that admit filtration, and so have the fmp. On the negative side, if both L and L' are determined by transitive frames and have frames of arbitrarily large depth, then [L,L'] does not have the fmp. In this paper we show that commutators with a `weakly connected' component often lack the fmp. Our results imply that the above positive result does not generalise to universally axiomatisable component logics, and even commutators without `transitive' components such as [K.3,K] can lack the fmp. We also generalise the above negative result to cases where one of the component logics has frames of depth one only, such as [S4.3,S5] and the decidable product logic S4.3xS5. We also show cases when already half of commutativity is enough to force infinite frames.
Ce: Dc Institute of Physics Publishing Classical and Quantum Gravity Stable Gravastars—an Alternative to Black Holes?

The 'gravastar' picture developed by Mazur and Mottola is one of a very small number of serious challenges to our usual conception of a 'black hole'. In the gravastar picture there is effectively a phase transition at/ near where the event horizon would have been expected to form, and the interior of what would have been the black hole is replaced by a segment of de Sitter space. While Mazur and Mottola were able to argue for the thermodynamic stability of their configuration, the question of dynamic stability against spherically symmetric perturbations of the matter or gravity fields remains somewhat obscure. In this paper we construct a model that shares the key features of the Mazur–Mottola scenario, and which is sufficiently simple for a full dynamical analysis. We find that there are some physically reasonable equations of state for the transition layer that lead to stability.
Monitoring Partial Discharge in Transformer Oil Using a Newly Designed Single Mode Fiber Optic Sensor

The quest of finding accurate fault diagnostics and assessing the oil quality of electrical power transformer for life-long safeguard is never-ending. The longevity of transformers function is critically decided by the quality of its insulation. Developing a sensor for accurate and efficient detection of partial discharge (PD) in high voltage transformer oil in assessing its insulation quality and integrity is the key issue. The optical fiber sensor being economical and highly reliable can provide ultimate safety due to total isolation from the high voltage line. The small electrical sparks called PD appears in the insulating oil due to the electrical breakdown of interior air or the occurrence of highly non-uniform electric field needs to be monitored. The acoustic emission (AE) that occurs near the discharge zone is used to detect PD. We compare the sensitivity of single mode fiber optic sensor (FOS) with conventional capacitive sensor (CS). These sensors are immersed in a mineral oil tank (transformer) fitted with two steel electrodes those are connected to different high voltage sources. The data are analyzed in time and frequency domain to obtain the resolution of PD peaks. The achieved higher resolution of FOS (~9 dB) compare to that of CS (~15 dB) for voltages greater than 15 kV demonstrates that single mode optical fiber is capable of serving as acoustic sensor with enhanced signal band-width. The admirable features of the result suggest that our method may constitute a basis for precise detection of AE and PD as per different smart standards with approved specifications.
Static Timing Analysis Of Embedded Software

This paper examines the problem of statically analyzing the performance of embedded software. This problem is motivated by the increasing growth of embedded systems and a lack of appropriate analysis tools.We study different performance metrics that need tobe considered in this context and examine a range oftechniques that have been proposed for analysis. Verybroadly these can be classified into path analysis andsystem utilization analysis techniques. It is observedthat these are interdependent, and thus need to beconsidered together in any analysis framework.
Consideration of Older Adults’ Preferences for Format of Physical Activity

Most community-based physical activity interventions for older adults prescribe class-based activities that may not appeal to everyone. This paper describes physical activity format preferences in a sample of 98 older adults (mean age = 76 ± 8 years) enrolled in an exercise promotion program encouraging participation in class-based activities offered by the community; the study explores how these preferences are related to activity adoption and maintenance. Thirty-four percent of respondents preferred to exercise individually. 28% preferred to exercise in a group, and 39% had no preference. Those who preferred exercising individually were less likely to adopt a new class than those who preferred to exercise in a group and those who had no preference (p < .01). Programs taking into account individual preferences may be more successful than those offering specific formats.
Evolution, Relationships, and Health: The Social Shaping Hypothesis

Dealing with environmental stressors such as predators, aggressive rivals, and the divergent interests of conspecifics is one of the primary evolutionary challenges faced by all creatures. In this respect, nature has often been ingenious in its solutions: thick skin, sharp teeth, quick reflexes, and even camouflage. Humans, like many other primate species, have adapted group living and deep investment in social bonds as a primary solution to the problems of survival and reproduction (Caporeal, 1997; Dunbar, 1998). This observation has long been acknowledged in both evolutionary biology and evolutionary psychology but until recently, few scholars have recognized how important social relationships are for managing stress, for health, and for longevity. Recent converging evidence from biology and psychology reveals the manifold benefits of social relationships. Social relationships are vital resources for managing the demands of the environment. Suggestive evidence for this assertion is provided by the fact that social isolation is associated with a heightened risk of disease and early mortality in both animals and humans (Cacioppo & Hawkley, 2003; House, Landis, & Umberson, 1988). Thus, the absence of social ties is toxic for health. Social relationships themselves can have dramatic and long-lasting effects on biological functioning and health as well. A harsh social environment characterized by cold, conflictual, or neglectful interactions is associated with a high risk of prolonged illness and early mortality, whereas warm and supportive relationships have longterm benefits for health and longevity. Social support, common to these latter relations, is the perception or experience that one is loved and cared for by others, esteemed and valued, and part of a social network of mutual assistance and obligations (Wills, 1991). The impact of social support on health equals or exceeds that of well-established predictors of health outcomes, including smoking and lipid levels.
Expression of HER2 in Colorectal Cancer Does Not Correlate with Prognosis

Estimation of HER2 membranous expression is routinely used in breast and gastric cancers, as both a prognostic and a predictive factor. To date there is no evidence for similar application of HER2 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. In CRC, HER2 is sometimes overexpressed in the cell membrane and very often in the cytoplasm. This study was conducted to determine possible correlations between both membranous and cytoplasmatic expression of HER2 in CRC cells and the outcome of the disease. The prognostic significance of combined staining intensity in the cell membrane and cytoplasm in the entire CRC cell was also investigated. HER2 expression in resectable colorectal adenocarcinoma cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in specimens taken from 202 patients. The percentage of cancer cells with membranous or cytoplasmatic reactions and the staining intensity of the reaction in the whole cell were recorded. A membranous reaction was present in 27% of cases, and cytoplasmatic reaction in 66% of cases. The total staining intensity in the entire cell was evaluated as moderate (2+) in 32% of cases and strong (3+) staining in 15%. There was no correlation found between either membranous or cytoplasmatic HER2 expression and survival. Furthermore combined staining intensity did not provide any prognostic information. We conclude that HER2 expression in CRC does not correlate with prognosis.
Final /t/ Reduction in Dutch Past-Participles: The Role of Word Predictability and Morphological Decomposability

This corpus study demonstrates that the realization of wordfinal /t/ in Dutch past-participles in various speech styles is affected by a word’s predictability and paradigmatic relative frequency. In particular, /t/s are shorter and more often absent if the two preceding words are more predictable. In addition, /t/s, especially in irregular verbs, are more reduced, the lower the verb’s lemma frequency relative to the past-participle’s frequency. Both effects are more pronounced in more spontaneous speech. These findings are expected if speech planning plays an important role in speech reduction. Index Terms: pronunciation variation, acoustic reduction, corpus research, word predictability, morphological decomposability
Habitual Physical Activity in Children according to their MotorPerformance and Sports Activity of their Parents

Relationships between the level of physical activity (PA) and skills as well as relationships between the sports activity of parents and children were analysed in a sample of 1738 children from the 1st–3rd grades of elementary schools. Data on motor activity of children, sports activity of parents, and level of skilfulness of children rated according to their motor performance were obtained by means of a questionnaire. Relationships were evaluated by means of the Chi-square test and association coefficient. The results confirmed the higher level of motor skills in children with higher PA and, at the same time, positive relationships were recorded between the PA of children and sports activity of their parents.
A Bicluster-Based Missing Value Imputation Method for Gene Expression Data

Missing values are often encountered in gene expression data sets. Several imputation methods have been proposed to estimate these missing values. In this paper, a new impute approach based on bicluster is introduced. By using the method of minimization the coherence of subset of genes expression matrix, the missing value is estimated with a more accurate result to improve the overall coherence of the bicluster. Moreover it can also be easily embedded in biclustering algorithm. Comparative studies of our method with the current imputation methods on gene expression datasets with different missing rates show that, the proposed method outperforms some of the existing imputation methods in accuracy and has the ability to improve the quality of bicluster.
Triggers, Inhibitors, Mechanisms, and Significance of Eryptosis: The Suicidal Erythrocyte Death

Suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis is characterized by erythrocyte shrinkage, cell membrane blebbing, and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface. Triggers of eryptosis include Ca2+ entry, ceramide formation, stimulation of caspases, calpain activation, energy depletion, oxidative stress, and dysregulation of several kinases. Eryptosis is triggered by a wide variety of xenobiotics. It is inhibited by several xenobiotics and endogenous molecules including NO and erythropoietin. The susceptibility of erythrocytes to eryptosis increases with erythrocyte age. Phosphatidylserine exposing erythrocytes adhere to the vascular wall by binding to endothelial CXC-Motiv-Chemokin-16/Scavenger-receptor for phosphatidylserine and oxidized low density lipoprotein (CXCL16). Phosphatidylserine exposing erythrocytes are further engulfed by phagocytosing cells and are thus rapidly cleared from circulating blood. Eryptosis eliminates infected or defective erythrocytes thus counteracting parasitemia in malaria and preventing detrimental hemolysis of defective cells. Excessive eryptosis, however, may lead to anemia and may interfere with microcirculation. Enhanced eryptosis contributes to the pathophysiology of several clinical disorders including metabolic syndrome and diabetes, malignancy, cardiac and renal insufficiency, hemolytic uremic syndrome, sepsis, mycoplasma infection, malaria, iron deficiency, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, and Wilson's disease. Facilitating or inhibiting eryptosis may be a therapeutic option in those disorders.