Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
To post or not to post: examining motivations of brand/product-related engagement types on social networking sites.

At present, consumers use social networking sites to engage with brands and brand related content, this study examines consumers’ motivations for brand/product- related engagement on social networking sites. This thesis develops three motivation frameworks to explain each brand/product-related engagement type: consuming, contributing and creating. The main objectives are: 1) to understand what motivates consumers to engage with different brand/product-related posts on social networking sites, and 2) to understand the relationship between brand/product-related engagement types and social networking sites usage. A mixed-methods approach is employed through establishing exploratory sequential research design. First, consumers’ motivations drawn from psychology and brand/product-related engagement literature are defined through using semi- structured interviews (N=12) in order to define the factors behind each brand/product-related engagement type on social networking sites. Then, the findings of semi-structured interview analysis lead to the development of web-based questionnaires. Web-based online questionnaires (N= 225) were conducted in order to examine motivations of each brand/product-related engagement type on social networking sites and the relationship between brand/product-related post engagement and social networking site usage. A survey of 225 respondents was conducted and analysed using quantitative method. The findings shed light on the reasons behind consumers’ brand/product-related engagement types (e.g. consuming contributing, creating) on social networking sites, and the relationship between consumers’ social media site usage and brand/product- related engagement behaviour. A key contribution of this thesis is to construct five models: 1) a motivation framework for consuming brand/product-related posts from brands which aims to explain what motivates consumers to consume (e.g. read, view) brand/product-related posts from brands; 2) a motivation framework for consuming brand/product-related posts from other people; 3) a motivation framework for contributing brand/product-related posts from brands and other people that examines factors behind consumers’ contribution behaviour to brand/product- related posts through sharing, commenting, liking, favouriting, tagging, etc; 4) a motivation framework examining the motives of consumers for creating positive brand/product-related posts on social networking sites; and 5) a motivation framework defining the motives of consumers to create negative brand/product-related posts on social networking sites. The findings also define brand/product-related engagement types and social networking site usage. The relationship between social networking site usage and brand/product-related engagement is only found for two engagement types: consuming and contributing.
Computational simulation of the PAW-04 nozzle configuration

The research was based on the 4 Propulsion Aerodynamics Workshop which was organized by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) Air Breathing Propulsion System Integration Technical Committee and its objective was to assess the accuracy and numerical prediction capabilities of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). It focused on the work of Behrouzi and McGuirk where they tested two different nozzle configurations under set boundary conditions. The nozzle configurations included a high aspect ratio rectangular nozzle with a clean exit and the same nozzle with an aft-deck attached to the exit. Three different unstructured grids were generated for the clean nozzle using Pointwise that varied in refinement and number of points, but only one unstructured grid was generated for the aft-deck. The solver that was used was Tenasi and Fieldview was used for post-processing. The first assessment involved testing if the solutions for the clean nozzle were grid independent by comparing Total Pressure values along the axial direction. It was found that the values for the three solutions were between 0.995% and 13.03% from each other. Because of this, the values for the medium definition grid (Grid 2) were compared against the experimental values. This showed that along the centerline, the values for Grid 2 were as accurate as 0.06% from the experimental data up to an x/Dh of 4.5, but beyond that, it went as far as 24.28% from the experimental data. At different cross-sectional planes along the axial direction, the values were between 0.06% and 27%. This meant that the data from the CFD analysis from Grid 2 was good enough to use, especially in the viscous layer at the exit. For the aft-deck configuration, the CFD values matched the experimental data along the centerline up to around x/Dh of 5 but deviates from the experimental data after this point by up to 26.15%. The final test was to compare the static pressure along the surface of the aft-deck. The comparison showed that the surface domain for the aft-deck was viscous enough that the solution converged into the experimental solution.
Risk, ownership and audit fee: Evidence from financial crisis

In this paper we investigate effect of the risk caused by 2008 financial crisis on audit fees between state owned enterprises (SOEs) and private firms. Using China's listed company data, we find that firm operational risk increases as a result of the financial crisis and private companies are therefore charged more by auditors. However, for SOEs the risk premium of audit fee is insignificant under the financial crisis.
Identification of generalized impedance boundary conditions in inverse scattering problems

In the context of scattering problems in the harmonic regime, we consider the problem of identification of some Generalized Impedance Boundary Conditions (GIBC) at the boundary of an object (which is supposed to be known) from far field measurements associated with a single incident plane wave at a fixed frequency. The GIBCs can be seen as approximate models for thin coatings, corrugated surfaces or highly absorbing media. After pointing out that uniqueness does not hold in the general case, we propose some additional assumptions for which uniqueness can be restored. We also consider the question of stability when uniqueness holds. We prove in particular Lipschitz stability when the impedance parameters belong to a compact subset of a finite dimensional space.
Digital Signatures for Centralized DSA Networks

Over the past few years there has been a growing demand for radio resources and at the same time these resources are under utilized due to static spectrum allocation techniques. Dynamic spectrum access (DSA) has been thought of as a solution that would satisfy both the growing demand for radio resources and to efficiently utilize the spectrum. The radio devices that have the capability to dynamically sense the spectrum and access the under utilized bands are called cognitive radios (CR). There are two broad classes of users in CR, the primary user is a licensed user of a particular radio frequency band and the secondary users are unlicensed users who cognitively operate without causing harmful interference to the primary user. In this paper we consider a denial attack on centralized DSA networks where a malicious secondary user masquerades as a primary user and effectively shuts off access to all other secondary users. Note that this problem is unique to CR due to the distinction between primary and secondary users. We propose a public key cryptography based primary user identification mechanism that prevents malicious secondary users from masquerading as primary users. We show that the proposed identification mechanism and the associated key management are computationally light weight. We also discuss some advantages and limitations of the proposed identification mechanism.
A Combined Approach to Part-of-Speech Tagging Using Features Extraction and Hidden Markov Model

Words are characterized by its features. In an inflectional language, category of a word can be express by its tense, aspect and modality (TAM). Extracting features from an inflected word, one can categorised it with proper morphology. Hence features extraction could be a technique of part-of-speech (POS) tagging for morphologically inflected languages. Again, many words could have same features with distinguish meaning in context. However contextual meaning could be recovered using Hidden Markov Model (HMM). In this paper we try to find out a common solution for part-of-speech tagging of English text using both approaches. Here we attempt to tag words with two perspectives: one is feature analysis where the morphological characteristics of the word are analyse and second is HMM to measure the maximum probability of tag based on contextual meaning with previous tag.
First Identification of Novel NDM Carbapenemase, NDM-7, in Escherichia coli in France

Background The NDM-1 carbapenemase has been identified in 2008 in Enterobacteriaceae. Since then, several reports have emphasized its rapid dissemination throughout the world. The spread of NDM carbapenemases involve several bla NDM gene variants associated with various plasmids among several Gram negative species. Methodology A multidrug-resistant E. coli isolate recovered from urine of a patient who had travelled to Burma has been characterized genetically and biochemically. Principal Findings E. coli COU was resistant to all antibiotics tested except amikacin, tigecycline, fosfomycin, and chloramphenicol. Analysis of the antibiotic resistance traits identified a metallo-ß-lactamase, a novel NDM variant, NDM-7. It differs from NDM-4 by a single amino acid substitution sharing an identical extended spectrum profile towards carbapenems. The bla NDM-7 gene was located on an untypeable conjugative plasmid and associated with a close genetic background similar to those described among the bla NDM-1 genes. The isolate also harbours bla CTXM-15 and bla OXA-1 genes and belonged to ST167. Significance This study highlights that spread of NDM producers correspond to spread of multiple bla NDM genes and clones and therefore will be difficult to control.
A Statistical Perspective on Data Mining

Technological advances have led to new and automated data collection methods. Datasets once at a premium are often plentiful nowadays and sometimes indeed massive. A new breed of challenges are thus presented – primary among them is the need for methodology to analyze such masses of data with a view to understanding complex phenomena and relationships. Such capability is provided by data mining which combines core statistical techniques with those from machine intelligence. This article reviews the current state of the discipline from a statistician’s perspective, illustrates issues with real-life examples, discusses the connections with statistics, the differences, the failings and the challenges ahead.
Regulation of jadomycin B production in Streptomyces venezuelae ISP5230: involvement of a repressor gene, jadR2

The nucleotide sequence of a region upstream of the type II polyketide synthase genes in the cluster for biosynthesis of the polyketide antibiotic jadomycin B in Streptomyces venezuelae contained an open reading frame encoding a sequence of 196 amino acids that resembeled sequences deduced for a group of repressor proteins. The strongest similarity was to EnvR of Escherichia coli, but the sequence also resembled MtrR, AcrR, TetC, and TcmR, all of which are involved in regulating resistance to antibiotics or toxic hydrophobic substances in the environment. Disruption of the nucleotide sequence of this putative S. venezuelae repressor gene (jadR2), by insertion of an apramycin resistance gene at an internal MluI site, and replacement of the chromosomal gene generated mutants that produced jadomycin B without the stress treatments (exposure to heat shock or to toxic concentrations of ethanol) required for jadomycin B production by the wild type. When cultures of the disruption mutants were ethanol stressed, they overproduced the antibiotic. From these results it was concluded that expression of the jadomycin B biosynthesis genes are negatively regulated by jadR2.
PROBLEMATIC INTERNET USE, LONELINESS AND PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AMONG UNİVERSITY STUDENTS

Nowadays, the use of the internet as a communication and information source has been rapidly increasing. As much as the internet has a positive impact on human life, it also brings about some problems. This study aims to explore the relationship between the university students’ problematic internet use, loneliness and their perceived support scores. In this study, the participants were a total of 463 students (319 females and 144 males) studying in different departments at Karadeniz Technical University. Problematic Internet Usage Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Support, and UCLA Loneliness Scale were utilized as the measuring instruments. According to the results are a significant predicting problematic internet usage, perceived social support, loneliness, gender, and time spent on-the-net per day.
Towards a Systematic Design of Fault-Tolerant Asynchronous Circuits

Accommodating billions of transistors on a single die, VLSI technology has reached a scale where principal physical limitations have a strong impact on design principles. Among the particular challenges are maintaining the synchronous clock abstraction in settings where wiring delays dominate over switching delays, and coping with increasing transient failure rates. In an attempt to address some of these challenges, we recently developed a clocking scheme called DARTS1. The cornerstone of this approach is a distributed fault-tolerant Tick Generation (TG) unit that implements an adaptation of a faulttolerant clock synchronization algorithm originally developed in the distributed computing context [1]. Each functional unit on the chip is augmented with a dedicated TG unit here that generates its clock signal. Since all these TG units communicate with each other (by exchanging their clock signals), all non-faulty TG units actually supply mutually synchronized clock signals to their attached functional units [2]. The implementation of the TG units [3] required a design process that was quite different from the traditional one: First, the TG circuitry dedicated to generating the chip’s clock signals naturally mandated an implementation in asynchronous logic. Second, our fault-tolerance requirements made it necessary to cope with lost/faulty clock signal transitions, which rendered a delay-insensitive approach impossible. And last but not least, we had to bridge the gap between the highlevel distributed algorithm’s view with its mathematical proofs, and the low-level VLSI implementation with its tool-based verification techniques. This paper (resp. its extended version [4]) lays down the cornerstones of a design process suitable for fault-tolerant asynchronous (FASY) circuits.
Washington CCD Photometry of the Globular Cluster System of the Giant Elliptical Galaxy M60 in Virgo

We present a photometric study of the GCs in the giant elliptical galaxy M60 in the Virgo Cluster, based on deep, relatively wide field Washington CT1 CCD images. The CMD reveals a significant population of GCs in M60 and a large number of young luminous clusters in NGC 4647, a small companion spiral northwest of M60. The color distribution of the GCs in M60 is clearly bimodal, with a blue peak at (C − T1) = 1.37 and a red peak at (C − T1) = 1.87. We derive two new transformation relations between the (C − T1)0 color and [Fe/H] using the data for the GCs in our Galaxy and M49. Using these relations, we derive the metallicity distribution of the GCs in M60, which is also bimodal: a dominant metal-poor component with center at [ Fe/H ] = − 1.2, and a weaker metal-rich component with center at [ Fe/H ] = − 0.2. The radial number density profile of the GCs is more extended than that of the stellar halo, and the radial number density profile of the blue GCs is more extended than that of the red GCs. The number density maps of the GCs show that the spatial distribution of the blue GCs is roughly circular, while that of the red GCs is elongated similarly to that of the stellar halo. We estimate the total number of the GCs in M60 to be 3600 ± 500 and the specific frequency to be SN = 3.8 ± 0.4. The mean color of the bright blue GCs gets redder as they get brighter in both the inner and outer region of M60. This blue tilt is seen also in the outer region of M49, the brightest Virgo galaxy. Implications of these results are discussed.
Automatic Fall Detection and Activity Monitoring for Elderly

Our modern societies are confronted to a new growing problem: the global ageing of population. In order to find ways to encourage elderly people to live longer in their own home, ensuring the necessary vigilance and security at the lowest cost, some tele-assistance systems are already available commercially. This article presents a specific neural network used on a portable system for classifying activities in ambulatory monitoring. After more precisions about this specific neural network, we present in the second part some experimental results from our prototype stemming from gerontologic institute Ingema.
Leptin Action in the Dorsomedial Hypothalamus Increases Sympathetic Tone to Brown Adipose Tissue in Spite of Systemic Leptin Resistance

Leptin regulates body weight in mice by decreasing appetite and increasing sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), which increases energy expenditure in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT). Diet-induced obese mice (DIO) are resistant to the anorectic actions of leptin. We evaluated whether leptin still stimulated sympathetic outflow in DIO mice. We measured iBAT temperature as a marker of SNA. We found that obese hyperleptinemic mice have higher iBAT temperature than mice on regular diet. Conversely, obese leptin-deficient ob/ob mice have lower iBAT temperature. Additionally, leptin increased SNA in obese (DIO and ob/ob) and control mice, despite DIO mice being resistant to anorectic action of leptin. We demonstrated that neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) of DIO mice mediate the thermogenic responses to hyperleptinemia in obese mammals because blockade of leptin receptors in the DMH prevented the thermogenic effects of leptin. Peripheral Melotan II (MTII) injection increased iBAT temperature, but it was blunted by blockade of DMH melanocortin receptors (MC4Rs) by injecting agouti-related peptide (AgRP) directly into the DMH, suggesting a physiological role of the DMH on temperature regulation in animals with normal body weight. Nevertheless, obese mice without a functional melanocortin system (MC4R KO mice) have an increased sympathetic outflow to iBAT compared with their littermates, suggesting that higher leptin levels drive sympathoexcitation to iBAT by a melanocortin-independent pathway. Because the sympathetic nervous system contributes in regulating blood pressure, heart rate, and hepatic glucose production, selective leptin resistance may be a crucial mechanism linking adiposity and metabolic syndrome.
Radar‐observed diurnal cycle and propagation of convection over the Pearl River Delta during Mei‐Yu season

Using operational Doppler radar and regional reanalysis data from 2007–2009, the climatology and physical mechanisms of the diurnal cycle and propagation of convection over the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China during the Mei‐Yu seasons are investigated. Analyses reveal two hot spots for convection: one along the south coastline of PRD and the other on the windward slope of mountains in the northeastern part of PRD. Overall, convection occurs most frequently during the afternoon over PRD due to solar heating. On the windward slope of the mountains, convection occurrence frequency exhibits two daily peaks, with the primary peak in the afternoon and the secondary peak from midnight to early morning. The nighttime peak is shown to be closely related to the nocturnal acceleration and enhanced lifting on the windward slope of southwesterly boundary layer flow, in the form of boundary layer low‐level jet. Along the coastline, nighttime convection is induced by the convergence between the prevailing onshore wind and the thermally induced land breeze in the early morning. Convection on the windward slope of the mountainous area is more or less stationary. Convection initiated near the coastline along the land breeze front tends to propagate inland from early morning to early afternoon when land breeze cedes to sea breeze and the prevailing onshore flow.
Optimal Signaling and Selection Verification for Single Transmit-Antenna Selection

In marked contrast with the ideal error-free feedback assumption that is common in the literature, practical systems are likely to have severely bandwidth-limited, error-prone feedback channels. We consider the scenario where feedback from the receiver is used by the transmitter to select the best antenna, out of many available antennas, for data transmission. Feedback errors cause the transmitter to select an antenna different from the one signaled by the receiver. We show that optimizing the signaling assignment, which maps the antenna indices to the feedback codewords, improves performance without introducing any additional redundancy. For a system that uses error-prone feedback to transmit quadrature-phase-shift-keying-modulated data from a single antenna selected from many available spatially correlated antennas, we derive closed-form approximations for the data symbol error probability for an arbitrary number of receive antennas. We use these to systematically find the optimal signaling assignments using a low-complexity algorithm. The optimal signaling is intimately coupled to how the receiver performs selection verification, i.e., how it decodes the data signal when, due to feedback errors, it does not always know which antenna was used for data transmission. We show that ignoring feedback errors at the receiver can lead to an unacceptable performance degradation, and develop optimal and suboptimal, blind and nonblind selection-verification methods. With a small side-information overhead, nonblind verification approaches the ideal perfect selection-verification performance
Changes in the Long-Term Intensity Variations in Cygnus X-2 and LMC X-3

We report the detection of changes in the long-term intensity variations in two X-ray binaries, Cyg X-2 and LMC X-3. In this work, we have used the long-term light curves obtained with the All-Sky Monitors (ASMs) of the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), Ginga, Ariel 5, and Vela 5B and the scanning modulation collimator of HEAO 1. It is found that in the light curves of both the sources, obtained with these instruments at various times over the last 30 years, more than one periodic or quasi-periodic component is always present. The multiple prominent peaks in the periodograms have frequencies unrelated to each other. In Cyg X-2, RXTE-ASM data show strong peaks at 40.4 and 68.8 days, and Ginga-ASM data show strong peaks at 53.7 and 61.3 days. Multiple peaks are also observed in LMC X-3. The various strong peaks in the periodograms of LMC X-3 appear at 104, 169, and 216 days (observed with RXTE-ASM) and 105, 214, and 328 days (observed with Ginga-ASM). The present results, when compared with the earlier observations of periodicities in these two systems, demonstrate the absence of any stable long period. The 78 day periodicity detected earlier in Cyg X-2 was probably due to the short time base in the RXTE data that were used, and the periodicity of 198 days in LMC X-3 was due to a relatively short duration of observation with HEAO 1.