Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The light-harvesting chlorpohyll-protein complex of photosystem II. Its location in the photosynthetic membrane

We have investigated the structure of the photosynthetic membrane in a mutant of barley known to lack a chlorophyll-binding protein. This protein is thought to channel excitation energy to photosystem II, and is known as the "light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein complex. " Extensive stacking of thylakoids into grana occurs in both mutant and wild-type chloroplasts. Examination of membrane internal structure by freeze-fracturing indicates that only slight differences exist between the fracture faces of mutant and wild-type membranes. These differences are slight reductions in the size of particles visible on the EFs fracture face, and in the number of particles seen on the PFs fracture face. No differences can be detected between mutant and wild-type on the etched out surface of the membrane. In contrast, tetrameric particles visible on the etched inner surface of wild-type thylakoids are extremely difficult to recognize on similar surfaces of the mutant. These particles can be recognized on inner surfaces of the mutant membranes when they are organized into regular lattices, but these lattices show a much closer particle-to-particle spacing than similar lattices in wild-type membranes. Although several interpretations of these data are possible, these observations are consistent with the proposal that the light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein complex of photosystem II is bound to the tetramer (which is visible on the EFs face as a single particle) near the inner surface of the membrane. The large tetramer, which other studies have shown to span the thylakoid membrane, may represent an assembly of protein, lipid, and pigment comprising all the elements of the photosystem II reaction. A scheme is presented which illustrates one possibility for the light reaction across the photosynthetic membrane.
Analysis and Cluster Based Modelling and Recognition of Context in a Mobile Environment

Our intuitive understanding of context has been formulated by Dey, as the information describing the situation of an entity. In the case of simple information sources, determining the relevant information describing the situation or context of an entity is straightforward. This is not the case when several information sources can be used, essentially to generate high level contexts. We set out to show that extracting the relevant context information from the combination of multiple informa- tion sources can be achieved by considering contexts as clusters in the data. We demonstrate this by analyzing a set of real measured data. A cluster structure in the data is visualized and it is shown how difierent user contexts are associated with difierent clusters. The cluster structure of context data can be modelled using a dynamic mixture model which gives insight into which properties a clustering algorithm should have in order to be used in a context recognition application.
Positive realization for 2D systems with delays

Realization problem for positive single-input single-output systems with delays in state vector and inputs described by the 2D models is addressed. Sufficient condition for the existence of a positive realization are established and a procedure for finding a positive realization for a given proper transfer function is proposed. The procedure is illustrated by a numerical example.
Developing innovative applications in agriculture using data mining

The WEKA (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis) system provides a comprehensive suite of facilities for applying data mining techniques to large data sets. This paper discusses a process model for analyzing data, and describes the support that WEKA provides for this model. The domain model ‘learned’ by the data mining algorithm can then be readily incorporated into a software application. This WEKA-based analysis and application construction process is illustrated through a case study in the agricultural domain—mushroom grading.
Interactive video browsing on mobile devices

Today, videos can be replayed on modern handheld devices, such as multimedia cellphones and personal digital assistants (PDAs), due to significant improvements in their processing power. However, screen size remains a limiting resource making it hard, if not impossible to adapt common approaches for video browsing to such mobile devices. In this paper we propose a new interface for the pen-based navigation of videos on PDAs and multimedia cellphones. Our solution - called the MobileZoomSlider - enables users to intuitively skim a video along the timeline on different granularity levels. In addition, it allows for continuous manipulation of replay speed for browsing purposes. Both interaction concepts are seamlessly integrated into the overall interface, thus taking optimum advantage of the limited screen space. Our claims are verified with a first evaluation which proves the suitability of the overall concept.
Occupational Allergic Diseases in Kitchen and Health Care Workers: An Underestimated Health Issue

Objective. This study evaluated the frequencies of allergic symptoms and rate of upper respiratory infections during the past year in the general population, kitchen workers (KW) and health care workers (HCW). Methods. The European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) was used to inquire retrospectively about asthma and asthma-like symptoms and the number of treatments required for previous upper respiratory tract infections (URTI: acute pharyngitis, acute sinusitis, etc.) during the past year for health care workers, kitchen workers, and members of the general population. Adjusted odds ratios by gender, age, and smoking status were calculated. Results. 579 subjects (186 from the general population, 205 KW, and 188 HCW; 263 females, 316 males) participated in the study. Noninfectious (allergic) rhinitis was significantly higher in the HCW and KW groups than in the general population (P < 0.001). Cumulative asthma was significantly higher only in the HCW group (P < 0.05). In addition, the HCW and KW groups had significantly higher risks of ≥2/year URTI (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.07–2.38 versus OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.05–2.38) than the general population. Conclusion. Occupational allergic respiratory diseases are an important and growing health issue. Health care providers should become familiar with workplace environments and environmental causes of occupational rhinitis and asthma.
The JV Dilemma: Cooperating and Competing in Joint Ventures

This paper investigates how joint venture parents interact in light of the JV dilemma, the need to act for joint gains while protecting one's own interests. Partial least squares (PLS) analysis is used to assess the proposed model which contends that parent compatibility is related to levels of cooperation and competition, which in turn affect venture performance. The key findings were that: (a) compatibility was positively linked with cooperation, which was associated with better JV performance, and (b) competitive behaviours were not significantly linked to performance. Resume Cette dissertation a pour sujet une enquěte sur l'interaction des maisons meres des entreprises en vue du dilemme des entreprises en commun (JV Dilemma), le besoin d'une action dirigee envers les gains communs tout en protegeant une zone d'interět. L'analyse Partial Least Squares (PLS) est utilitsee pour l'evaluation du modele propose qui soutient que la compatibilite des maisons meres est reliee au niveau de la cooperation et la competition qui a son tour affecte la perfomance de l'entreprise. Les clefs de ces constatations sont (a) que la compatibilite etait positivement liee 4aG la cooperation qui etait associees avec une meilleure performance JV (entreprises en commun), et (b) les comportements com-petitifs n 'etaient pas lies significativement a la performance.
Resolución y generación de la anáfora pronominal en español e inglés en un sistema interlingua de Traducción Automática

En este trabajo se ha presentado una aproximacion de un sistema interlingua de Traduccion Automatica que lleva a cabo la resolucion de la anafora pronominal originada por los pronombres personales de tercera persona en espanol e ingles y su posterior generacion en el idioma destino. El sistema, al que hemos denominado AGIR (Anaphora Generation with an Interlingua Representation), utiliza una serie de fuentes de informacion linguistica (lexicas, morfologicas, sintacticas y semanticas) en los modulos de analisis y generacion del mismo. Concretamente, estas fuentes de informacion se utilizan en las etapas de analisis, la representacion interlingua del texto origen. El modulo de generacion recibe como entrada la representacion interlingua (en la que se incluye la informacion linguistica) y, tras las etapas de generacion sintactica y morfologica, realiza la correcta generacion de la anafora pronominal en el idioma destino (espanol o ingles). Gracias al uso de informacion no dependiente del dominio, el sistema AGIR es capaz de resolver y generar las anaforas pronominales en textos no restringidos de cualquier dominio. Las principales aportaciones de este trabajo son las siguientes: 1,- La propuesta general de un sistema interlingua de Traduccion Automatica. 2,- La construccion de los correspondientes modulos de analisis para ingles y espanol en AGIR. 3,- La construccion de los correspondientes modulos de generacion para ingles y espanol en AGIR. En estos modulos nos hemos centrado exclusivamente en la generacion de la anafora pronominal y cero pronombres en el idioma destino. Para llevar a cabo esta tarea se ha desarrollado un estudio profundo sobre las diferencias (discrepancias) entre espanol e ingles en cuanto al tratamiento de los pronombres. Este estudio nos permitira realizar una correcta generacion de las expresiones anaforicas en el idioma destino. 4,- La evaluacion g
CPW-Fed Lens Antenna for 25 GHz-Band Wireless Communication System

A novel CPW-Fed lens antenna that can be easily integrated with EMIC/MMIC in the same package has been developed. The antenna consists of a multi-slot antenna with a CPW-feeder, a reflector and a commercially available quartz lens. Although the size and distance of the lens are not large enough to satisfy the condition of geometrical optics approximation, the lens is effective in increasing the antenna gain. An additional gain of 9.5 dB for the 30 mm ¿-lens and 11 dB for the 40 mm ¿-lens is achieved.
Error correcting codes, perfect hashing circuits, and deterministic dynamic dictionaries

We consider dictionaries of size n over the finite universe U = {0, 1} and introduce a new technique for their implementation: error correcting codes. The use of such codes makes it possible to replace the use of strong forms of hashing, such as universal hashing, with much weaker forms, such as clustering. We use our approach to construct, for any > 0, a deterministic solution to the dynamic dictionary problem using linear space, with worst case time O(n ) for insertions and deletions, and worst case time O(1) for lookups. This is the first deterministic solution to the dynamic dictionary problem with linear space, constant query time, and non-trivial update time. In particular, we get a solution to the static dictionary problem with O(n) space, worst case query time O(1), and deterministic initialization time O(n1+ ). The best previous deterministic initialization time for such dictionaries, due to Andersson, is O(n2+ ). The model of computation for these bounds is a unit cost ∗Supported by the ESPRIT Long Term Research Programme of the EU under project number 20244 (ALCOM-IT). †Basic Research in Computer Science, Centre of the Danish National Research Foundation
Annoyance Caused by Environmental Noise: Elements for Evidence-Based Noise Policies

Because effects of environmental noise do not require extremely high or long exposures, they occur, with different degrees of intensity, in a substantial part of the world population, especially in areas with a dense population and dense transportation networks. As a consequence, noise is a global issue that continues to detract from sustainable development. This article attempts to contribute to evidence-based noise policies by providing a review and systematization of noise-effects modeling and findings. The results presented can be used in noise abatement policy to find the best practical ways of reducing noise-induced effects through the reduction of noise exposure. At present, it is possible to calculate noise maps showing the exposures to noise in residential areas. With the relationships between exposure and effects as presented here, these can be translated into estimates of the number of people affected. Estimates of effects can be made on the basis of existing noise exposures, but also on the basis of scenarios for future noise levels, so that the consequences of different scenarios can be explored and decisions with respect to noise abatement measures can be optimized. Such an evidence-based approach may be instrumental in reducing the worldwide burden of environmental noise.
Monte Carlo energy and variance-minimization techniques for optimizing many-body wave functions

We investigate Monte Carlo energy and variance-minimization techniques for optimizing many-body wave functions. Several variants of the basic techniques are studied, including limiting the variations in the weighting factors that arise in correlated sampling estimations of the energy and its variance. We investigate the numerical stability of the techniques and identify two reasons why variance minimization exhibits superior numerical stability to energy minimization. The characteristics of each method are studied using a noninteracting 64-electron model of crystalline silicon. While our main interest is in solid-state systems, the issues investigated are relevant to Monte Carlo studies of atoms, molecules, and solids. We identify a robust and efficient variance-minimization scheme for optimizing wave functions for large systems.
The trp RNA-binding attenuation protein regulates TrpG synthesis by binding to the trpG ribosome binding site of Bacillus subtilis

The trpG gene of Bacillus subtilis encodes a glutamine amidotransferase subunit which is involved in the biosynthesis of L-tryptophan and folic acid. The trp RNA-binding attenuation protein (TRAP) is involved in controlling expression of trpG at the level of translation in response to changes in the intracellular concentration of tryptophan. We performed in vitro experiments using purified TRAP to elucidate the mechanism of TRAP-dependent trpG regulation. A TRAP-trpG RNA footprint analysis showed that tryptophan-activated TRAP interacts with one UAG, one AAG, and seven GAG repeats present in the trpG transcript. Results from ribosome and TRAP toeprint experiments indicated that the ribosome and TRAP binding sites overlap. Experiments with a B. subtilis cell-free translation system demonstrated that TRAP inhibits TrpG synthesis. Thus, TRAP regulates translation of trpG by blocking ribosome access to the trpG ribosome binding site. Our results are consistent with a model in which each tryptophan-activated TRAP subunit interacts with one trinucleotide repeat in an RNA target, thereby wrapping the transcript around the periphery of the TRAP complex.
Simultaneous Isolation of Ixodidae and Bacterial (Borrelia spp.) Genomic DNA

Tick and tick‐borne diseases have become widely distributed throughout the United States. As a result, the interest associated with tick allocation and the potential threat they may pose has increased. Efforts have expanded to understand biotic and abiotic factors which may influence tick/pathogen distribution. Thus, we have developed a procedure which allows the simultaneous isolation of both tick and bacterial DNA. Downstream applications are diverse; however, we describe the use of multiplex PCR to confirm the presence of spirochete DNA from tick samples. We suspect that this procedure is not limited to tick‐bacteria systems and may be applied to a variety of arthropod‐related endeavors. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 19:1E.2. 1‐1E.2. 11. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Towards a general law of numerical/object identity. Commentary. Author's reply

A theory of object identity, knowing whether or not two glimpses refer to the exact same object, is presented in two parts. Part I argues that apparent motion, prism adaptation, ventriloquism, priming, stereopsis, and Gestalt grouping all require the identity decision. It is argued that object identity is general and required when samples come from different times, places, modalities, and eyes. Part II argues there is a common solution at a sufficient level of abstraction. Sample 1 and sample 2 are regarded as two forms which differ by a transformation corresponding to one of five geometries, Euclidean, Similarity, Affine, Projective, and Topology (Klein, 1893), that nest within each other like a set of Russian nesting dolls. Identity is resolved from the lowest level of the hierarchy available in the situation, producing a flexible solution whereby the same two samples will sometimes refer to the same object and sometimes not.
Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor for Mobilizing Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Subacute Stroke: The Stem Cell Trial of Recovery Enhancement After Stroke 2 Randomized Controlled Trial

Background and Purpose— Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is neuroprotective in experimental stroke and mobilizes CD34+ peripheral blood stem cells into the circulation. We assessed the safety of G-CSF in recent stroke in a phase IIb single-center randomized, controlled trial. Methods— G-CSF (10 &mgr;g/kg) or placebo (ratio 2:1) was given SC for 5 days to 60 patients 3 to 30 days after ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. The primary outcome was the frequency of serious adverse events. Peripheral blood counts, CD34+ count, and functional outcome were measured. MRI assessed lesion volume, atrophy, and the presence of iron-labeled CD34+ cells reinjected on day 6. Results— Sixty patients were recruited at mean of 8 days (SD ±5) post ictus, with mean age 71 years (±12 years) and 53% men. The groups were well matched for baseline minimization/prognostic factors. There were no significant differences between groups in the number of participants with serious adverse events: G-CSF 15 (37.5%) of 40 versus placebo 7 (35%) of 20, death or dependency (modified Rankin Score: G-CSF 3.3±1.3, placebo 3.0±1.3) at 90 days, or the number of injections received. G-CSF increased CD34+ and total white cell counts of 9.5- and 4.2-fold, respectively. There was a trend toward reduction in MRI ischemic lesion volume with respect to change from baseline in G-CSF–treated patients (P=0.06). In 1 participant, there was suggestion that labeled CD34+ cells had migrated to the ischemic lesion. Conclusions— This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial suggests that G-CSF is safe when administered subacutely. It is feasible to label and readminister iron-labeled CD34+ cells in patients with ischemic stroke. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: www.controlled-trials.com. Unique identifier: ISRCTN63336619.
Reliability and Validity of the Body Image after Breast Cancer Questionnaire

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Body Image After Breast Cancer Questionnaire (BIBCQ) in a series of outpatients with breast cancer. One hundred sixty‐four breast cancer patients attending outpatient clinics completed questionnaires at baseline. The patients’ BIBCQ scores were compared with their scores on related psychological measures including depression, self‐esteem, quality of life, and sexual functioning. Scores on the BIBCQ for women after mastectomy and breast conservation were compared. Select items of the BIBCQ were compared between women with and without breast cancer. Patients received a second questionnaire after a 2 week interval to assess test‐retest reliability. Good reliability was found for the six scales (ranging from 0.77 to 0.87). The BIBCQ correlated with similar measures as predicted, but not with a measure of social desirability. The BIBCQ distinguished between women treated with lumpectomy and mastectomy, and between women with breast cancer and a control group, supporting the validity of the BIBCQ. The BIBCQ provides a reliable and valid assessment of the long‐term impact of breast cancer on body image. It is suitable for use in research focusing on this issue.
Lifetime Maximization in UWB Sensor Networks for Event Detection

The operational lifetime of a wireless sensor network (WSN) for event detection is determined by the maximum time that the network is able to meet given detection requirements (DRs), i.e., the probabilities of detection and false alarm demanded by the application. In this paper, we address the problem of maximizing lifetime of such WSNs through optimizing quantization and routing of event measurements. In particular, we consider the task of monitoring multiple events and reporting the observations to a sink, whereby sensor nodes adapt their data generation rate and the data flow distribution in the network for the purpose of lifetime maximization. We make use of ultra-wideband (UWB) signaling at the physical layer, which is well-suited for event-detection WSNs, because of the low-energy consumption for data transmission and relative robustness to multiuser interference. Expressing the DRs as convex constraints in the optimization variables, we present a convex-optimization framework for lifetime maximization of event detection UWB-based WSNs. Furthermore, based on the dual decomposition approach, we propose a decentralized algorithm, which makes it possible to solve the lifetime-maximization problem in a distributed manner and thus shares the computational complexity among network nodes and is robust to artifacts like node failures. Numerical results show that the proposed joint adaptation of quantization and routing leads to significant improvements in network operational lifetime compared to benchmark approaches known from literature.
Intonation issues in the speech of hearing impaired children: analysis, transcription and remediation

The focus of this paper is intonation in the speech hearing impaired children. There are inherent difficulties in using existing auditory and acoustic models of transcribing and labelling intonation patterns generally which are discussed in the context of the wider literature as well the author's experimental work with hearing impaired children. Different approaches to measuring fundamental frequency (F0) are discussed (contour, tone-sequence, and autosegmental metrical), and ways of adapting them to represent intonation patterns, contrastive stress, and declination in hearing impaired speakers are considered. The design and the benefits of an intonation training programme carried out by the author using a visual display are also described. Computer based speech training (CBST) systems and the outcomes of other remediation programmes are also discussed. The issues addressed in this paper have useful implications for analysts wishing to capture salient auditory and acoustic information in the speech of hearing impaired children. There are also important clinical applications such as the development of appropriate visual displays and speech training programmes. The author's current research on emerging babbling and speech patterns, and the development of perception and production of stress and intonation in children using cochlear implants are referred to briefly but will be reported in detail elsewhere.
Forbidden Knowledge

There is a body of organizational knowledge that offers insight and reflection over the practices of organizing. Yet most of the curricula steer clear of it, insisting on propagating modernist ideas of control and masculine ideas of mastery. Is it because the new ideals are not yet in place or because reflection over practice is not seen as worth propagating? What kind of organization theory is needed at present and by whom? Are students, managers, and organization researchers interested in the same kind of topics? Rather than providing answers, the essay aims at opening a debate.