Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring how to improve the involvement of Polish and South Asian communities around big data research. A qualitative study using COM-B model

Abstract Introduction Involving public contributors helps researchers to ensure that public views are taken into consideration when designing and planning research, so that it is person-centred and relevant to the public. This paper will consider public involvement in big data research. Inclusion of different communities is needed to ensure everyone’s voice is heard. However, there remains limited evidence on how to improve the involvement of seldom-heard communities in big data research. Objectives This study aims to understand how South Asians and Polish communities in the UK can be encouraged to participate in public involvement initiatives in big data research. Methods Forty interviews were conducted with Polish (n=20) and South Asian (n=20) participants on Zoom. The participants were living in the United Kingdom and had not previously been involved as public contributors. Transcribed interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results We identified eight themes. The ‘happy to reuse data’ theme sets the scene by exploring our participants’ views towards big data research and under what circumstances they thought that data could be used. The remaining themes were mapped under the capability-opportunity-motivation-behaviour (COM-B) model, as developed by Michie and colleagues. This allowed us to discuss multiple factors that could influence people’s willingness to become public contributors. Conclusions Our study is the first to explore how to improve the involvement and engagement of seldom-heard communities in big data research using the COM-B model. The results have the potential to support researchers who want to identify what can influence members of the public to be involved. By using the COM-B model, it is possible to determine what measures could be implemented to better engage these communities.
Leadership, Knowledge Management and Employee Commitment: Mediating Role of Crisis Management

Purpose: Using crisis management as a mediator between leadership skills, knowledge management, and employee commitment, the study examines the role of crisis management in UAE public sector organizations. In order to motivate employees and keep them committed, supportive leadership skills and knowledge are required. However, crisis management if managed through proper knowledge and skilled leadership develops employee commitment which is highly needed in the times of crisis. Theoretical framework: Managing knowledge and leadership skills during crisis situations can only be achieved if employees are able to effectively manage them. Design/methodology/approach: Using SMART PLS3, a structural equation modeling approach has been used to analyze the collected data in order to meet the objectives of the study. Findings: Likewise, crisis management significantly moderates the relationship between leadership, knowledge management, and employee commitment. Leadership, knowledge management, and employee commitment are strongly related. Research, Practical & Social implications: Despite genuine efforts, this study constraint persists. First, the study's sole focus is on employee commitment during times of crisis, and knowledge management is a crucial component of this. Also examined were aspects of knowledge management that affect employee commitment in detail. Originality/value: In this study, crisis management as a mediator was added to the theory and the matrix based on the knowledge-based view of crisis response leadership.
Independent reliability assessment of the NASA GSFC laser transmitter for the LISA program

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a partnership between the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA to build a Gravitational Wave (GW) observatory. The observatory, which consists of a three-spacecraft constellation with a nominal separation of 2.5 million km between each spacecraft, provides a tool for scientists to directly detect gravitational waves generated from various astronomical phenomena in a waveband that is not accessible from Earth. NASA is developing laser transmitters as one of the potential US contributions to LISA. The NASA laser design leverages lessons learned from previous flight missions and included the latest technologies in photonics packaging and reliability engineering to ensure a laser lifetime of <16 years covering integration and test through a possible extended mission phase. As part of the laser development process, NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) requested support from the NASA Engineering and Safety Center (NESC) to independently assess the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of the LISA Laser System (LS). The independent assessment included the following tasks: (a) assess the design for weaknesses and suggest improvements to mitigate risks, (b) assess the laser reliability plan for weaknesses and suggest improvements to mitigate risks and improve effectiveness, and (c) assess the current redundancy plan on laser subsystems for weaknesses and suggest improvements to mitigate risks and improve effectiveness. The NESC team comprised of a team of subject matter experts (SMEs) and performed a 12-month review of every aspect of the laser design. We present the assessment findings and the current development progress of the LISA laser to meet the mission requirements with a delivery of a form, fit, and functional TRL6 laser to the LSIA mission by late 2023
Restrictive fertility policy and elderly suicides: evidence from China

This paper presents an empirical investigation of the hypothesis that exposure to the restrictive fertility policies of the Chinese “Later, Longer, Fewer” campaign in the 1970s contributes to the dynamics and patterns of elderly suicides in China in the period 2004–2017. We apply an identification strategy that exploits variation in exposure to this policy across birth cohorts that is based on the different timing of the implementation of the fertility policies across Chinese provinces. The results show that cohorts with a greater exposure to the restrictive fertility policy in the 1970s exhibit higher suicide rates during old ages.
Micromechanical vibro-impact systems: a review

Spurred by the invention of the tapping-mode atomic force microscopy three decades ago, various micromechanical structures and systems that utilize parts with mechanical impact have been proposed and developed since then. While sharing most of the dynamical characteristics with macroscopic vibro-impact systems and benefiting from extensive theories developed, microscale counterparts possess higher percentage of surface force, higher resonance frequency and Q, and more prominent material and structural nonlinearities, all of which lead to unique features and in turn useful applications not seen in macroscopic vibro-impact systems. This paper will first present the basics of vibro-impact systems and techniques used for analyzing their nonlinear behaviors and then review the contact force modeling and numerical analysis tools. Finally, various applications of microscale vibro-impact systems will be reviewed and discussed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive picture of MEMS vibro-impact systems and inspire more innovative applications that take full advantage of the beauty of nonlinear vibro-impact dynamics at the microscale.
The physical impact of migraines on female chiropractic patients: A qualitative study

Background Migraines are highly prevalent among the female population and have a significant burden on one’s quality of life and physical functioning. Aim The study explored the physical impact and contributory factors of migraines on women and their experience of chiropractic treatment for migraine pain management. Setting The study was conducted in the eThekwini region of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods The study used a qualitative descriptive design and adopted purposive sampling. The data were collected through 12 semi-structured interviews, between March and September 2021, and analysed using thematic analysis. Results The first theme that emerged focused on the physical effects of migraines. The second theme related to the factors that contributed to migraines. The third theme that emerged focused on chiropractic treatment for migraines. Conclusion The majority of the participants experienced chronic migraines and migraines without aura. The participants felt incapacitated and experienced debilitating physical effects with their migraines. The study highlighted that chiropractic treatment was favourable among the female population in improving the quality of life and reducing the severity, disability, duration of suffering and frequency of migraines. It was revealed that chiropractic was the preferred non-pharmacological approach for migraine treatment, as it proved to be a beneficial and effective treatment for migraine pain management. Contribution The findings contribute to a greater awareness of chiropractic as an effective evidence-based treatment approach for migraine pain management, which may be beneficial to migraineurs and healthcare practitioners.
Vortex-induced vibrations of circular cylinders in steady and oscillatory flow

i ABSTRACT Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of cylindrical structures in fluid flow is of interest to many fields of engineering. For example, it influences the dynamics of offshore riser tubes bringing oil from the seabed to the surface and is a key issue in deep water riser design. Water depths up to 3000 m are found in typical oil extraction areas. Understanding VIV is also important in many other offshore engineering applications, such as mooring lines of floating offshore wind turbines, undersea pipelines and flexible slender pipes. These slender structures can experience VIV when exposed to marine current, because the dynamic vortex shedding flow leads to oscillatory forces. This study focuses on the Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of circular cylinders in steady and oscillatory flows. As the first step, a two-dimensional (2D) numerical model is used to study VIV of a single circular cylinder in combined steady and oscillatory flow. The numerical model is based on the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Special focus is to investigate the effects of flow ratio (the percentage of the steady current velocity in the total fluid velocity) on the response of the cylinder. The simulations are carried out for a constant Keulegan– Carpenter (KC) number. The second step is to investigate the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of multiple circular cylinders elastically connected together in a side-by-side arrangement subject to steady flow at a low Reynolds number of 150 and a low mass ratio of 2. Simulations are conducted for two-, fiveand ten-cylinder systems over a wide range of reduced velocity that covers the whole lock-in regime for each of the cases. The differences between the responses of a multiple-cylinder system and a single cylinder are discussed. The shedding of vortices and flow interference between multiple circular cylinders in side-by-side arrangement in steady flow are examined. Then, a numerical study of vortex-induced vibration of four rigidly connected and four separately mounted circular cylinders in an inline square configuration at a Reynolds number of 150, a low mass ratio of 2 and a range of spacing ratio L from 1.5 to 4 is carried out. For a rigidly connected four-cylinder array, the maximum and minimum response amplitudes occur at L=1.5 and L=2.0, respectively, for the range of spacing ratio covered in this study and the maximum respond amplitude at L=1.5 is accompanied by a wider lock-in range than a single isolated cylinder case. For spacing ratios L ≥ 2.5, the lock-in regime of four rigidly connected cylinders is similar to that of a single cylinder and the response amplitudes in the lock-in regime are slightly higher than that of a single cylinder. The biased vortex street
Structural Dynamics in the Presence of Water of Graphene Bilayers with Defects

The dynamics of a bilayer of graphene containing one mono-vacancy in the top layer has been investigated in the framework of DFTB in the absence and in the presence of water. Due to the speed of the code, we can describe details of the behavior, which are not directly accessible experimentally and cannot be treated by DFT or classical molecular dynamics. The presence of water enhances the displacement of carbon atoms in the perpendicular direction to the surface. Our results explain very well a variety of experimental findings. In particular, the stabilization of the Jahn–Teller distortion by hydrogenation of one of the carbon atoms at the edge of a mono-vacancy has been elucidated. This work is the first analysis of the behavior of a graphene vacancy at room temperature in contact with water based on a quantum mechanical molecular dynamics method, where both graphene and solvent are treated at the same level.
Ergodicity of One-dimensional Oscillators with a Signum Thermostat

Gibbs’ canonical ensemble describes the exponential equilibrium distribution f(q, p, T ) ∝ e−H(q,p)/kT for an ergodic Hamiltonian system interacting with a ‘heat bath’ at temperature T . The simplest deterministic heat bath can be represented by a single ‘thermostat variable’ ζ. Ideally, this thermostat controls the kinetic energy so as to give the canonical distribution of the coordinates and momenta {q, p}. The most elegant thermostats are time-reversible and include the extra variable(s) needed to extract or inject energy. This paper describes a single-variable ‘signum thermostat. ’ It is a limiting case of a recently proposed ‘logistic thermostat. ’ It has a single adjustable parameter and can access all of Gibbs’ microstates for a wide variety of one-dimensional oscillators.
Interactive Reading - The Duolingo English Test

This paper introduces a new item type on the Duolingo English Test called Interactive Reading and grounds the item within the Duolingo English Test’s theoretical language assessment design framework and its assessment ecosystem. The innovative response format and automated item generation methods contribute to the specification of the construct of L2 reading, thereby strengthening the validity claims of the Duolingo English Test.
The Moderating Effect of Vaccine Hesitancy on the Relationship between the COVID-19 Vaccine Coverage Index and Vaccine Coverage

To examine COVID-19 vaccination barriers in the US, this study drew on publicly available county-level data (n = 3130) to investigate the impact of vaccine hesitancy on the relationship between county-level social/structural barriers and vaccine coverage. A hierarchical regression was performed to establish the relationship between the COVID-19 Vaccine Coverage Index (CVAC) and vaccine coverage, assess the moderating effect of vaccine hesitancy on this relationship, and explore the influence of ethno-racial composition on vaccine coverage. A significant, negative relationship (r2 = 0.11, f2 = 0.12) between CVAC and vaccine coverage by county was established (step 1). When vaccine hesitancy was introduced as a moderator (step 2), the model significantly explained additional variance in vaccine coverage (r2 = 0.21, f2 = 0.27). Simple slopes analysis indicated a significant interaction effect, whereby the CVAC–vaccine coverage relationship was stronger in low hesitancy counties as compared with high hesitancy counties. Counties with low social/structural barriers (CVAC) but high hesitancy were projected to have 14% lower vaccine coverage. When county-level ethno-racial composition was introduced (step 3), higher proportions of white residents in a county predicted decreased vaccination rates (p < 0.05). Findings indicate that CVAC should be paired with vaccine hesitancy measures to better predict vaccine uptake. Moreover, counties with higher proportions of white residents led to decreases in vaccine uptake, suggesting that future intervention strategies should also target whites to reach herd immunity. We conclude that public health leaders and practitioners should address both social/structural and psychological barriers to vaccination to maximize vaccine coverage, with a particular focus on vaccine hesitancy in communities with minimal social/structural barriers.
Nonparametric inference for sensitivity of Haezendonck–Goovaerts risk measure

Abstract Recently Haezendonck–Goovaerts (H-G) risk measure has been popular in actuarial science. When it is applied to an insurance or a financial portfolio with several loss variables, sensitivity analysis becomes useful in managing the portfolio, and the assumption of independent observations may not be reasonable. This paper first derives an expression for computing the sensitivity of the H-G risk measure, which enables us to estimate the sensitivity nonparametrically via the H-G risk measure. Further, we derive the asymptotic distributions of the nonparametric estimators for the H-G risk measure and the sensitivity by assuming that loss variables in the portfolio follow from a strictly stationary -mixing sequence. A simulation study is provided to examine the finite sample performance of the proposed nonparametric estimators. Finally, the method is applied to a real data set.
A Systematic Review on Comparison of Periapical Healing and Post-Operative Pain between Bioceramic and Epoxy Resin Based Sealers

To compare the incidence of postoperative discomfort and periapical healing in endodontically treated teeth following the use of resin-based or bioceramic sealers. In vivo, clinical trials were included in the study. The selection criteria, data extraction, and analysis were performed to evaluate the quality and publication bias of the selected studies. The primary outcome measure was the comparison of postoperative discomfort between the two sealer types. Seven studies were included in the systematic review, with a modest level of evidence found in the quality assessment. There are no significant differences in the postoperative discomfort levels between resin-based and bioceramic sealers. However, the overall quality of the clinical trials was moderate, highlighting the need for further well-designed clinical trials with appropriate measures of randomization, allocation concealment, and blinding to establish a definitive conclusion on the incidence of Postoperative discomfort associated with the use of these sealers.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS OF PLANET MIGRATION IN TURBULENT STRATIFIED DISKS

We performed three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of planet migration in stratified disks using the Godunov code PLUTO, where the disk is turbulent due to the magnetorotational instability. We study the migration for planets with different planet–star mass ratios q = Mp/Ms. In agreement with previous studies, for the low-mass planet cases (q = 5 × 10−6 and 10−5), migration is dominated by random fluctuations in the torque. For a Jupiter-mass planet (q = Mp/Ms = 10−3 for Ms = 1M☉), we find a reduction of the magnetic stress inside the orbit of the planet and around the gap region. After an initial stage where the torque on the planet is positive, it reverses and we recover migration rates similar to those found in disks where the turbulent viscosity is modeled by an α viscosity. For the intermediate-mass planets (q = 5 × 10−5, 10−4, and 2 × 10−4), we find a new and so far unexpected behavior. In some cases they experience sustained and systematic outward migration for the entire duration of the simulation. For this case, the horseshoe region is resolved and torques coming from the corotation region can remain unsaturated due to the stresses in the disk. These stresses are generated directly by the magnetic field. The magnitude of the horseshoe drag can overcome the negative Lindblad contribution when the local surface density profile is flat or increasing outward, which we see in certain locations in our simulations due to the presence of a zonal flow. The intermediate-mass planet is migrating radially outward in locations where there is a positive gradient of a pressure bump (zonal flow).
Design, Synthesis, Computational and Biological Evaluation of Novel Structure Fragments Based on Lithocholic Acid (LCA)

The regulation of bile acid pathways has become a particularly promising therapeutic strategy for a variety of metabolic disorders, cancers, and diseases. However, the hydrophobicity of bile acids has been an obstacle to clinical efficacy due to off-target effects from rapid drug absorption. In this report, we explored a novel strategy to design new structure fragments based on lithocholic acid (LCA) with improved hydrophilicity by introducing a polar “oxygen atom” into the side chain of LCA, then (i) either retaining the carboxylic acid group or replacing the carboxylic acid group with (ii) a diol group or (iii) a vinyl group. These novel fragments were evaluated using luciferase-based reporter assays and the MTS assay. Compared to LCA, the result revealed that the two lead compounds 1a–1b were well tolerated in vitro, maintaining similar potency and efficacy to LCA. The MTS assay results indicated that cell viability was not affected by dose dependence (under 25 µM). Additionally, computational model analysis demonstrated that compounds 1a–1b formed more extensive hydrogen bond networks with Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) than LCA. This strategy displayed a potential approach to explore the development of novel endogenous bile acids fragments. Further evaluation on the biological activities of the two lead compounds is ongoing.
Distribution of nuclei in equilibrium stellar matter from the free-energy density in a Wigner-Seitz cell

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Distribution of nuclei in equilibrium stellar matter from the free-energy density in a Wigner-Seitz cell G. Grams, S. Giraud, A.F. Fantina, F. Gulminelli
Fixed Points of a Generalized Smoothing Transformation and Applications to Branching Processes

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