Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Grain for Green Project May Not Threaten Ecosystem Sustainability by Degrading Water Availability in Humid Karst Landscapes

Grain for Green project could result in high evapotranspiration (ET), exacerbate water shortage, and intensify conflicts in water demand between ecosystems and humans in many water‐limited areas. However, it is still unclear how vegetation restoration would influence ET in humid karst regions where abundant precipitation but quick leakage. Particularly, it is challenging that existing ET measurement methods are not applicable simultaneously for various ecosystems in such highly heterogeneous and fragmented landscapes. To solve this issue, this study, for the first time, develops a new ET measurement system, by integrating multi‐techniques, to quantify ET for multiple vegetation restoration types and identify their controlling factors in a humid karst region for three consecutive years. The results show that (a) for different succession stages during natural restoration, the ET of secondary forest (680 ± 7 mm yr−1) > shrub (564 ± 16 mm yr−1) > grass (546 ± 12 mm yr−1) > cropland (513 ± 8 mm yr−1) (P < 0.05); (b) ET of all ecosystems are far less than that of precipitation (1,059 ± 63 mm yr−1) but closer to potential ET (849 ± 11 mm yr−1), and soil moisture has been maintained at >0.20 cm3cm−3 in the growing season; (c) solar radiation and vapor pressure deficit are the two predominant factors on the ET (P < 0.01), while there is no significant relationship between ET and soil moisture (P > 0.05). The results suggest that vegetation restoration returned from cropland in humid karst regions increased ET but may not induce water scarcity for vegetation sustainability, at least under normal climatic conditions.
Efficient unstructured quadrilateral mesh generation

This work is devoted to the description of an algorithm for automatic quadrilateral mesh generation. The technique is based on a recursive decomposition of the domain into quadrilateral elements. This automatically generates meshes composed entirely by quadrilaterals over complex geometries (there is no need for a previous step where triangles are generated). A background mesh with the desired element sizes allows to obtain the preferred sizes anywhere in the domain. The final mesh can be viewed as the optimal one given the objective function is defined. The recursive algorithm induces an efficient data structure which optimizes the computer cost. Several examples are presented to show the efficiency of this algorithm. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time Evolution of a Quantum System in Contact with a Nearly Gaussian-Markoffian Noise Bath

A test system is assumed to interact with a heat bath consisting of harmonic oscillators or an equivalent bath with a proper frequency spectrum producing a Gaussian-Markoffian random perturbation. The effect of reaction of the test system to the bath is considered in the high temperature approximation. Elimination of the bath using the influence functional method of Feynman and Vernon yields a continuous fraction expression for the reduced density matrix of the test system. The result affords a basis to clarify the relationship between the stochastic and the dynamical approaches to treat the problem of partial destruction of quantum coherence of a system interacting with its environment.
Employing negative examples in region-based image retrieval

In this paper, the integration of negative examples into an efficient region-based image retrieval framework is investigated. The outputs of a support vector machine that separates positive images from negative ones are used to refine the current retrieval result. Considering the speciality of region-based representation, a kind of new kernel is proposed, which is the generalization of Gaussian kernel. Experimental results on a database of 10,000 general-purpose images demonstrate the effectiveness of employing negative examples and the superiority of the new kernel to Gaussian kernel.
Optimal alignment for maximizing the uniaxial modulus of 2D anisotropic random nanofiber networks

ABSTRACT Nanofiber networks are effective structural forms to utilize the excellent nanoscale properties of nanofibers in macro scale. Properly tuning the anisotropic degree of fiber orientation distribution can maximize the macroscopic mechanical properties of random nanofiber networks in a specific direction. However, the reinforcing mechanism of the anisotropic orientation distribution to the elastic behavior has not been fully understood. In this paper, the effect of anisotropic orientation distribution of nanofibers on the elastic behavior of network is studied based on the modulus-density scaling relation and stiffness thresholds. The uniaxial modulus of network is determined by both the orientation angle of each fiber and interconnectivity of the random fiber network. With the increase of anisotropic degree, the contribution of fiber orientation angle to the network modulus of the preferential direction increases and gradually tends to a constant, while the interconnectivity of the networks decreases, which may reduce the loadability of network. Therefore, at a given network density, the uniaxial modulus along the preferential direction first increases to a maximum value and then decreases with the increase of the anisotropic degree. Furthermore, an expression to predict the optimal anisotropic degrees corresponding to the maximum uniaxial moduli at different network densities is established. Graphical Abstract
Semi-supervised approach to identify steps, shoes, and gender of older adults under semi-naturalistic conditions using a waist-worn inertial sensor

An emerging source of information to recognize individuals’ characteristics are the walking pattern-related parameters. The elderly can be one of the populations that can benefit most from recognition-based applications, which may help to increase their possibilities of living independently at home. Approaches have been mostly focused on gait events’ identification or assessment; nonetheless, such information can also be used to obtain seniors’ characteristics that depend on physiological or environmental factors. These factors can be useful to provide a customized assistance based on contextual information. In this paper, we propose a method focused on seniors, to detect steps, and to recognize gender and type of shoes by using only the initial foot contact (IC) data obtained from inertial sensors during semi-controlled walking. Data were collected from 20 older adults who walked at self-speed in a natural environment. The method consists of first clustering the IC using k-means; then, a trained recurrent neural network recognizes gender, type of shoes, and the step phases (IC and other phases); to finally conduct step detection (SD) using a ruled-based method. The method recognizes gender and the type of shoes with an accuracy of 93% and 83.07%, respectively, whereas there were not misrecognitions of the step phases. SD achieved a mean absolute percentage error equal to 0 . 64 % . The good results show that the method is appropriate for users’ characteristics recognition applications without depending on assumptions based on individualities. Likewise, the method can be useful to monitor physical activity or systems aimed to keep safe older adults.
Distribution and Evolution of Water Ice in the Solar Nebula: Implications for Solar System Body Formation☆

Abstract Water is important in the solar nebula both because it is extremely abundant and because it condenses out at 5 AU, allowing all three phases of H 2 O to play a role in the composition and evolution of the Solar System. In this paper, we undertake a thorough examination of and model the inward radial drift of ice particles from 5 AU. We then link the drift results to the outward diffusion of vapor, in one overall model based on the two-dimensional diffusion equation, and numerically evolve the global model over the lifetime of the nebula. We find that while the inner nebula is generally depleted in water vapor, there is a zone in which the vapor is enhanced by 20–100%, depending on the choice of ice grain growth mechanisms and rates. This enhancement peaks in the region from 0.1 to 2 AU and gradually drops off out to 5 AU. Since this result is somewhat sensitive to the choice of nebular temperature profile, we examine representative hot (early) and cool (later) conditions during the quiescent phase of nebular evolution. Variations in the pattern of vapor depletion and enhancement due to the differing temperature profiles vary only slightly from that given above. Such a pattern of vapor enhancement and depletion in the nebula is consistent with the observed radial dependence of water of hydration bands in asteroid spectra and the general trend of asteroid surface darkening. This pattern of water vapor abundance will also cause variations in the C:O ratio, shifting the ratio more in favor of C in zones of relative depletion, affecting local and perhaps even global nebular chemistry, the latter through quenching and radial mixing processes.
Dual Drug Delivery in Cochlear Implants: In Vivo Study of Dexamethasone Combined with Diclofenac or Immunophilin Inhibitor MM284 in Guinea Pigs

Cochlear implants are well established to treat severe hearing impairments. Despite many different approaches to reduce the formation of connective tissue after electrode insertion and to keep electrical impedances low, results are not yet satisfying. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to combine the incorporation of 5% dexamethasone in the silicone body of the electrode array with an additional polymeric coating releasing diclofenac or the immunophilin inhibitor MM284, some anti-inflammatory substances not yet tested in the inner ear. Guinea pigs were implanted for four weeks and hearing thresholds were determined before implantation and after the observation time. Impedances were monitored over time and, finally, connective tissue and the survival of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) were quantified. Impedances increased in all groups to a similar extent but this increase was delayed in the groups with an additional release of diclofenac or MM284. Using Poly-L-lactide (PLLA)-coated electrodes, the damage caused during insertion was much higher than without the coating. Only in these groups, connective tissue could extend to the apex of the cochlea. Despite this, numbers of SGNs were only reduced in PLLA and PLLA plus diclofenac groups. Even though the polymeric coating was not flexible enough, MM284 seems to especially have potential for further evaluation in connection with cochlear implantation.
Repeated measurements of Adaptive Force: Maximal holding capacity differs from other maximal strength parameters and preliminary characteristics for non-professional strength vs. endurance athletes

The Adaptive Force (AF) reflects the neuromuscular capacity to adapt to external loads during holding muscle actions and is similar to motions in real life and sports. The maximal isometric AF (AFisomax) was considered to be the most relevant parameter and was assumed to have major importance regarding injury mechanisms and the development of musculoskeletal pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the behavior of different torque parameters over the course of 30 repeated maximal AF trials. In addition, maximal holding vs. maximal pushing isometric muscle actions were compared. A side consideration was the behavior of torques in the course of repeated AF actions when comparing strength and endurance athletes. The elbow flexors of n = 12 males (six strength/six endurance athletes, non-professionals) were measured 30 times (120 s rest) using a pneumatic device. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) was measured pre and post. MVIC, AFisomax, and AFmax (maximal torque of one AF measurement) were evaluated regarding different considerations and statistical tests. AFmax and AFisomax declined in the course of 30 trials [slope regression (mean ± standard deviation): AFmax = −0.323 ± 0.263; AFisomax = −0.45 ± 0.45]. The decline from start to end amounted to −12.8% ± 8.3% (p < 0.001) for AFmax and −25.41% ± 26.40% (p < 0.001) for AFisomax. AF parameters declined more in strength vs. endurance athletes. Thereby, strength athletes showed a rather stable decline for AFmax and a plateau formation for AFisomax after 15 trials. In contrast, endurance athletes reduced their AFmax, especially after the first five trials, and remained on a rather similar level for AFisomax. The maximum of AFisomax of all 30 trials amounted 67.67% ± 13.60% of MVIC (p < 0.001, n = 12), supporting the hypothesis of two types of isometric muscle action (holding vs. pushing). The findings provided the first data on the behavior of torque parameters after repeated isometric–eccentric actions and revealed further insights into neuromuscular control strategies. Additionally, they highlight the importance of investigating AF parameters in athletes based on the different behaviors compared to MVIC. This is assumed to be especially relevant regarding injury mechanisms.
Fuzzy normal forms and a dependency-preserving decomposition into /spl theta/-F3NF

In a fuzzy data model where imprecision of both attribute values and relationships among domain elements is taken into account, problems of data redundancy and update anomalies which are similar to those in classical databases are still found to exist. To cope with these problems, a number of fuzzy normal forms have been defined, based on fuzzy functional dependency, to serve as theoretical guidelines for fuzzy relational database design. This results in the notions of /spl theta/-keys, fuzzy first normal form (F1NF), /spl theta/-fuzzy second normal form (/spl theta/-F2NF), /spl theta/-fuzzy third normal form (/spl theta/-F3NF), and /spl theta/-fuzzy Boyce-Codd normal form (/spl theta/-FBCNF). Furthermore, the scheme decomposition into /spl theta/-F3NF is discussed in the light of the dependency-preserving property. <<ETX>>
Implication of Scanning Electron Microscopy and Light Microscopy for Morphology of Some Selected Seed Drugs: As a Tool for Authentication

Background: The goal of our current study is to use Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM) to evaluate the ultra-micromorphological properties of 14 seed drugs to correctly identify and validate them. There was no previous research on SEM-based evaluation of the selected seeds. These included: Solanum nigrum L. , Physalis peruviana L. , Cestrum diurrnum L. , Withania somnifera L. Dunal, Achyranthus aspera L. , Celosia argentia L. , Chenopodium murale L. , Cyperus alternifolius L. , Cyperus rotundus L. , Schoenoplectus litoralis (Schrad.) Palla, Oxalis corniculata L. , Catharanthus roseus L. , Canna indica L. , and Parthenium hysterophorus L. belonging to 7 families (Solanaceae, Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae, Oxalidaceae, Apocynaceae, Cannaceae, and Asteraceae). Methods: Quantitative characters (length, width, and weight of seeds) as well as qualitative characters (seed shape, color, texture, and surface level of seeds) were analyzed. Results: Seeds length ranged from 0.6 μm (C. indica) to 2.4 μm (A. aspera) while, the seeds width and weight ranged from 0.6 μm (C. indica) to 1.8 μm (W. somnifera) and 0.03 g (C. indica) to 3.7 g (C. argentia), respectively. The SEM revealed many types of surface texture. Five types of surface levels (raised, regular, smooth, rough, and ill-defined pattern) were observed in seeds. The variation was found to be quite significant for the taxonomic demarcation at generic and specific levels. Conclusions: SEM could be a valuable approach for hidden morphological features of seed drugs, which could aid further exploration, appropriate identification, seed taxonomy, and authenticity. SEM and LM also play an important role in drug discovery and development.
Análisis in sílico a nivel proteico de la estructura de presenilina-1 en homínidos

Introducción: Las placas amiloides son uno de los marcadores neuropatológicos de la enfermedad de Alzheimer, formadas por fragmentos peptídicos que se depositan, derivados del corte proteasa de la enzima γ-secretasa, de la cual presenilina-1 es la subunidad con el sitio activo, es posible investigar a nivel evolutivo que sucede con esta proteína en una muestra de homínidos. Materiales y métodos: se hace un estudio de biología estructural para evaluar cambios en la estructura de las proteínas modeladas con el software Phyre2 y alineamientos de secuencia primaria con Jalview de los homínidos Pongo abelii, Pan troglodytes, Pan paniscus, Gorilla gorilla, Homo sapiens y dos especies usadas en ensayos biológicos como Macaca fascicularis, Macaca mulatta. Resultados: se encontró que las secuencias primarias de la isoforma 467 presentaron porcentajes de identidad muy altos con T-Coffee 2.0 de 99,57 % de promedio, dentro de su secuencia primaria en el alineamiento por pares y a nivel tridimensional, con el algoritmo Needleman-Wunsch, se encontraron ligeros cambios en la estructura a nivel de los lazos, pero muy conservada entre las especies, lo que también se vio reflejado en valores de desviación estándar de los modelos menor a 5 Å. Conclusiones: Finalmente, no se encontraron cambios significativos a nivel estructural en la proteína con la función proteasa, por lo que para la muestra de homínidos, no hubo cambios evolutivos por lo menos para esta proteína y como perspectiva
Generalized Heisenberg algebra: application to the harmonic oscillator

The deformed Poisson algebra recently introduced to investigate integrable systems (2003 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.36 12181–203, 2005 J. Math. Phys.46 042702) is used to perform the transition from the phase space of classical observables (functions depending on positions and momentums) to the Hilbert space of physically well-defined Hermitian operators. A Hamiltonian operator for the harmonic oscillator system is constructed and the eigenvalue problem is solved. The generalization to an n-dimensional space shows that such an algebra does not break the rotational symmetry.
Skills Training in Affective and Interpersonal Regulation Narrative Therapy Delivered via Synchronous Telehealth: A Case Study of a Rural Woman Veteran With Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

The International Classification of Diseases–11 th Revision (ICD-11) includes the diagnosis of complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). Clinical practice guidelines support the use of phased care for individuals with CPTSD. This case study illustrates the use of synchronous telehealth to deliver phased treatment to a rural woman veteran with CPTSD. Mrs. A experienced sexual, physical, and emotional abuse throughout her life, perpetrated by family members, intimate partners, and military authority figures. She sought treatment for posttraumatic nightmares and body image issues; she also had pain related to fibromyalgia and chronic migraine headaches. Mrs. A participated in 19 sessions of Skills Training in Affective and Interpersonal Regulation (STAIR) Narrative therapy via synchronous telehealth. Trauma and eating disorder symptoms were assessed before and after treatment and the patient demonstrated clinically significant improvement on measures of these disorders. Patient-provider working alliance and quality of life were assessed post-treatment. Synchronous telehealth use drastically increased with the onset of COVID-19; however, little information on treating CPTSD via synchronous video teleconferencing is available. This case study illustrates an evidence-based, phased therapy for CPTSD while highlighting the feasibility and value of in-home delivery of psychotherapy for CPTSD via synchronous telehealth.
An optical polarization study of the L1551-IRS5 jet

Presentation de la carte de polarisation de la region interne du jet et discussion de la structure du voisinage immediat de IRS 5. On suggere que la polarisation provient de l'extinction selective par des grains alignes par un champ magnetique toroidal dans le disque circumstellaire entourant IRS 5
A comparison of four methods of calculating standard errors of maximum likelihood estimates in the analysis of covariance structure.

Compares 4 models of calculating standard errors (SEs) in the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) structure using normal theory maximum-likelihood estimation, namely LISREL SEs, SEs derived from the exact Hessian, SEs derived from the finite difference approximation to the Hessian using exact gradients, and SEs derived from the update of the Hessian obtained during quasi-Newton optimization. Two comparisons are made. The first is based on 30 data sets simulated according to an orthogonal common factor model. The second is based on the analysis of a data set concerning the stability of alienation. The finite difference and exact SEs are identical to at least 4 places of decimals. Little difference is observed between the remaining SEs.
Identification and validation of ferroptosis-related genes and immune infiltration in ischemic cardiomyopathy

Background Cardiomyocyte death is an important pathophysiological basis for ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Many studies have suggested that ferroptosis is a key link in the development of ICM. We performed bioinformatics analysis and experiment validation to explore the potential ferroptosis-related genes and immune infiltration of ICM. Methods We downloaded the datasets of ICM from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and analyzed the ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis, and protein–protein interaction network were performed to analyze ferroptosis-related DEGs. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was used to evaluate the gene enrichment signaling pathway of ferroptosis-related genes in ICM. Then, we explored the immune landscape of patients with ICM. Finally, the RNA expression of the top five ferroptosis-related DEGs was validated in blood samples from patients with ICM and healthy controls using qRT-PCR. Results Overall, 42 ferroptosis-related DEGs (17 upregulated and 25 downregulated genes) were identified. Functional enrichment analysis indicated several enriched terms related to ferroptosis and the immune pathway. Immunological analysis suggested that the immune microenvironment in patients with ICM is altered. The immune checkpoint-related genes (PDCD1LG2, LAG3, and TIGIT) were overexpressed in ICM. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of IL6, JUN, STAT3, and ATM in patients with ICM and healthy controls were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis results from the mRNA microarray. Conclusion Our study showed significant differences in ferroptosis-related genes and functional pathway between ICM patients and healthy controls. We also provided insight into the landscape of immune cells and the expression of immune checkpoints in patients with ICM. This study provides a new road for future investigation of the pathogenesis and treatment of ICM.
M-estimation in censored linear models

SUMMARY We propose a method of obtaining an M-estimator in a linear model when the responses are subject to right censoring. The central limit theorem for the estimator using squared error loss, i.e. least squares, is derived using counting process martingale techniques. The estimation method is applied to the Stanford heart transplant data for illustration.
Monotonicity of the difference between median and mean of gamma distributions and of a related Ramanujan sequence

For n 0, let n be the median of the ( n + 1,1) distribution. We prove that the sequence { n = n n} decreases from log2 to 2/3 as n increases from 0 to 1. The difference, 1 n, between the mean and the median thus increases from 1 log2 to 1/3. This result also proves the following conjecture by Chen & Rubin about the Poisson distributions: Let Yµ Poisson(µ), and n be the largest µ such that P(Yµ n) = 1/2, then n n is decreasing in n. The sequence { n} is related to a sequence { n}, introduced by Ramanujan, which is known to be decreasing and of the form n = 1 + 4 135(n+kn) , where 2 21 < kn 8 45 . We also show that the sequence {kn} is decreasing.