Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hsp104 is required for tolerance to many forms of stress.

Heat‐shock proteins (hsps) are induced by many types of stress. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a mutation in the HSP104 gene, a member of the highly conserved hsp100 gene family, reduces the ability of log‐phase fermenting cells to withstand high temperatures after mild, conditioning pretreatments. Here, we examine the expression of hsp104 and its importance for survival under many different conditions. Hsp104 is expressed at a higher level in respiring cells than in fermenting cells and is required for the unusually high basal thermotolerance of respiring cells. Its expression in stationary phase cells and spores is crucial for the naturally high thermotolerance of these cell types and for their long‐term viability at low temperatures. The protein is of critical importance in tolerance to ethanol and of moderate importance in tolerance to sodium arsenite. Thus, the hsp104 mutation establishes the validity of a long‐standing hypothesis in the heat‐shock field, namely, that hsps have broadly protective functions. Further, that a single protein is responsible for tolerance to heat, ethanol, arsenite and long‐term storage in the cold indicates that the underlying causes of lethality are similar in an extraordinary variety of circumstances. Finally, the protein is of little or no importance in tolerance to copper and cadmium, suggesting that the lethal lesions produced by these agents are fundamentally different from those produced by heat.
Requirements Engineering as Creative Problem Solving: A Research Agenda for Idea Finding

This vision paper frames requirements engineering as a creative problem solving process. Its purpose is to enable requirements researchers and practitioners to recruit relevant theories, models, techniques and tools from creative problem solving to understand and support requirements processes more effectively. It uses 4 drivers to motivate the case for requirements engineering as a creative problem solving process. It then maps established requirements activities onto one of the longest-established creative problem solving processes, and uses these mappings to locate opportunities for the application of creative problem solving in requirements engineering. The second half of the paper describes selected creativity theories, techniques, software tools and training that can be adopted to improve requirements engineering research and practice. The focus is on support for problem and idea finding – two creative problem solving processes that our investigation revealed are poorly supported in requirements engineering. The paper ends with a research agenda to incorporate creative processes, techniques, training and tools in requirements projects.
Performance Analysis of AODV & DSR Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad hoc Networks

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. Each node operates not only as an end system, but also as a router to forward packets. The nodes are free to move about and organize themselves into a network. These nodes change position frequently. The main classes of routing protocols are Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid. A Reactive (on-demand) routing strategy is a popular routing category for wireless ad hoc routing. It is a relatively new routing philosophy that provides a scalable solution to relatively large network topologies. The design follows the idea that each node tries to reduce routing overhead by sending routing packets whenever a communication is requested. In this paper an attempt has been made to compare the performance of two prominent on demand reactive routing protocols for MANETs: Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocols. DSR and AODV are reactive gateway discovery algorithms where a mobile device of MANET connects by gateway only when it is needed. As per our findings the differences in the protocol mechanics lead to significant performance differentials for both of these protocols. The performance differentials are analyzed using varying simulation time. These simulations are carried out using the ns-2 network simulator. The results presented in this work illustrate the importance in carefully evaluating and implementing routing protocols in an ad hoc environment.
Financial diversification before modern portfolio theory: UK financial advice documents in the late nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century

Financial diversification before modern portfolio theory: UK financial advice documents in the late nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century Journal Item How to cite: Rutterford, Janette and Sotiropoulos, Dimitris P. (2016). Financial diversification before modern portfolio theory: UK financial advice documents in the late nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century. The European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 23(6) pp. 919–945.
A subexponential construction of graph coloring for multiparty computation

Abstract We show the first deterministic construction of an unconditionally secure multiparty computation (MPC) protocol in the passive adversarial model over black-box non-Abelian groups which is both optimal (secure against an adversary who possesses any t<n 2$t < \frac{n}{2}$ inputs) and has subexponential complexity of construction based on coloring of planar graphs. More specifically, following the result of Desmedt et al. (2012) that the problem of MPC over non-Abelian groups can be reduced to finding a t-reliable n-coloring of planar graphs, we show the construction of such a graph which allows a path from the input nodes to the output nodes when any t-party subset is in the possession of the adversary. Unlike the deterministic constructions from Desmedt et al. (2012) our construction has subexponential complexity and is optimal at the same time, i.e., it is secure for any t<n 2$t < \frac{n}{2}$ .
Association of the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene T786C Polymorphism with In-Stent Restenosis in Chinese Han Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Treated with Drug-Eluting Stent

Background and aim Many studies have reported that genetic variants correlate with higher risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) or in-stent restenosis (ISR) after bare metal stent (BMS) implantation. However, there is limited data assessing the impact of these variants on ISR in patients treated with drug-eluting stent (DES). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of genetic risk factors on ISR in Chinese Han patients treated with DES. Methods A total of 425 patients with a diagnosis of CAD who underwent successful revascularization in native coronary arteries with DES were included in this retrospective study. Genotyping was performed on six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene (eNOS), the angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE), the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene (AT1R), the transforming growth factor beta gene (TGF-β), and the vascular endothelial growth factor gene (VEGF). Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) was performed during the follow-up period to detect ISR. Logistic regression models were used to test for association. Results Fifty-four patients (12.7%) developed ISR during the follow-up period. Of the six analyzed SNPs, the frequency of the C allele of T786C polymorphism in eNOS was significantly higher in the ISR group (22.2%) compared to the non-ISR group (12.7%) (p<0.01). In the ISR group, the frequency of the TT, TC, and CC genotypes was 61.1%, 33.3%, and 5.6%, respectively, and in the non-ISR group, the frequencies were 76.8%, 21.0%, and 2.2%, respectively. The multivariable analysis adjusted for potential confounders and revealed that the T786C polymorphism increased the risk of ISR in both additive and dominant models with odds ratios of 1.870 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.079–3.240, p = 0.03) and 2.045 (95% CI: 1.056–3.958, p = 0.03), respectively. Conclusion The eNOS T786C polymorphism was associated with ISR in Chinese Han patients treated with DES. Genotyping may be helpful to identify patients with higher risks of ISR after DES implantation.
Pedagogia Positiva:

Há educadores que defendem uma pedagogia positiva, aquela que foca apenas o lado positivo da educação, como se fosse um apelo missionário. É um positivismo, no sentido de ver a realidade pela metade, no lado positivo (que, epistemologicamente, é o lado mensurável, experimental). O negativo esconde-se. Há o médico que, descobrindo um câncer no paciente, resolve dizer que é resfriado, para o agradar. Há o educador adepto da “crítica positiva”, desconhecendo que esta não critica nada – a alma da crítica é sua negatividade, necessária, por exemplo, para ler a realidade em sentido emancipatório. A crítica positiva espera do opressor a libertação. É a lógica da autoajuda, não como “deveria ser” na acepção do termo (saber ajudar-se, evitando depender; todos precisam de ajuda, mas não de dependência), mas da prática das fórmulas positivas buzinadas para esquecer o lado difícil da vida. É também uma contradição lógica: não é viável falar do lado positivo sem implicar o negativo e vice-versa. Por vezes há uma boa intenção na jogada: afastar críticas apenas destrutivas, ferinas, ferozes. A realidade vista de um lado só é manca. Pedagogia positiva é covarde.
SAVector: Vectored Systolic Arrays

Conventional DNN inference accelerators are designed with a few (up to four) large systolic arrays. As such a scale-up architecture often suffers from low utilization, a scale-out architecture, in which a single accelerator has tens of pods and each pod has a small systolic array, has been proposed. While the scale-out architecture is promising, it still incurs increasing off-chip memory access as the pods are supposed to access the duplicate tiles of tensors. Prior work has proposed a shared buffer structure to address the problem, but those architectures suffer from performance degradation due to shared buffer access latency. We make an observation that all the pods access the same rows of input and weights within a short time window. With the observation, we propose a new inference accelerator architecture, called Vectored Systolic Arrays (SAVector). SAVector consists of a new two-level on-chip buffer architecture and a tensor tile scheduling technique. In the new buffer architecture, global buffers are shared by all the pods and they keep the rows shared by the pods. And each pod has a tiny dedicated buffer. SAVector monitors the memory access behavior and timely determines to prefetch the data and flush it. In our evaluation, SAVector exhibits a very similar off-chip memory access count to the scale-up architecture and achieves 52% energy-delay-product (EDP) reduction. Also, SAVector achieves 27% EDP reduction over prior work by mitigating performance degradation from global buffer access latency.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration in Cystic Pancreatic Lesions

Incidental pancreatic cysts are being increasingly recognized recently with incremented concern about health and frequent health check-up. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has emerged as the principal modality for imaging pancreas for various pancreatic diseases including pancreatic cyst. But imaging alone cannot accurately identify the exact nature of the pancreatic cyst. EUS-guided fine needle aspiration is a useful adjunctive procedure to differentiate pancreatic cystic lesions. Cystic fluid analysis with cytologic evaluation is important to diagnose etiology of pancreatic cystic lesions, helping the clinician to more accurately assess the presence or potential for malignancy.
When Connectedness Increases Hemispatial Neglect

Patients with left neglect were tested with “chimeric” figures composed of the right and left halves of two different objects. The connectivity relation was modulated between the two half figures. For some displays, the two chimeric halves were separated by a small gap, while in others, the separate halves were connected by a line segment. In line with previous reports, performance on reporting the left half improved when the chimera were separated; but when a line connected the two separated halves the advantage was lost. If the connecting line was broken, the performance was again enhanced. The results suggest an important role for connectedness in the representation of perceptual objects and in the distribution of attention in neglect.
TOWARDS A SCIENCE OF ENGINEERING DESIGN TEAMS

The last few years have witnessed a renewed interest in various typologies to classify the dominant or preferred behaviors (cognitive and social) of engineering designers during the product development process. See for example research on p-designers (high experience and little or no training in formal design methodology) and m-designers (low experience with training in formal design methodology) conducted by Gunther et al [1]; research on the relationship of individual styles of problem solving to representations in the design process by Eisentraut et al [2]; research on the relationship between the diversity in the personality of team members and design performance by Wilde [3]; study of how individual particulars such as theoretical education and demand for quality affect the outcomes of critical situations in industry by Frankenberger et al [4]; behavioral and electrophysiological study of effect of experience (novice vs. expert) on design problem solving by Goker [5]. Coincidentally, this renewed interest comes at a time when new technologies, which increase our capacity to observe designers in action, have become widely available. Among the new technologies that have come into recent use by researchers are the video camera, the functional magnetic resonance image scanner, and the computer. Furthermore our ability to process the observed data has also improved, such that we can better determine the relevance and predictive accuracy of these typologies. These improvements in the instrumentability of design teams suggests that in future we will be able to build better models of the workings of design teams and formulate hypothesis which can be readily tested and validated. This paper is conjectural and represents an attempt to plan future research by building on past empirical work in the context of modern tools.
A Flexible Method for Multi-Material Decomposition of Dual-Energy CT Images

The ability of dual-energy computed-tomographic (CT) systems to determine the concentration of constituent materials in a mixture, known as material decomposition, is the basis for many of dual-energy CT's clinical applications. However, the complex composition of tissues and organs in the human body poses a challenge for many material decomposition methods, which assume the presence of only two, or at most three, materials in the mixture. We developed a flexible, model-based method that extends dual-energy CT's core material decomposition capability to handle more complex situations, in which it is necessary to disambiguate among and quantify the concentration of a larger number of materials. The proposed method, named multi-material decomposition (MMD), was used to develop two image analysis algorithms. The first was virtual unenhancement (VUE), which digitally removes the effect of contrast agents from contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT exams. VUE has the ability to reduce patient dose and improve clinical workflow, and can be used in a number of clinical applications such as CT urography and CT angiography. The second algorithm developed was liver-fat quantification (LFQ), which accurately quantifies the fat concentration in the liver from dual-energy CT exams. LFQ can form the basis of a clinical application targeting the diagnosis and treatment of fatty liver disease. Using image data collected from a cohort consisting of 50 patients and from phantoms, the application of MMD to VUE and LFQ yielded quantitatively accurate results when compared against gold standards. Furthermore, consistent results were obtained across all phases of imaging (contrast-free and contrast-enhanced). This is of particular importance since most clinical protocols for abdominal imaging with CT call for multi-phase imaging. We conclude that MMD can successfully form the basis of a number of dual-energy CT image analysis algorithms, and has the potential to improve the clinical utility of dual-energy CT in disease management.
Singing Melody Extraction from Pop Songs Using a Novel Feature and Viterbi Search

Extracting singing melody from audio signals is one essential component for musical information retrieval. One can identify melody of different types of music easily even without professional training, but it is difficult for computer to achieve this goal. In this paper, we present a new feature which provides not only a convenient way to observe music but also a tool to extract singing melody. Also, we propose pitch likelihood, note and energy transition probabilities to perform Viterbi search. The experimental results show that our method can extract singing melody accurately.
Evaluation of Source and Sink Physiological Limitation on Grain Yield and Some Agronomic Traits in Promising Bread Wheat Genotypes

In order to study of sink and source limitation and determine of remobilization of dry matter in 20 bread wheat genotypes including three modern cultivars (Urum, Zare and Mihan) and 17 promising genotypes, two field experiments were conducted in Agricultural Research Station of Miandoab in West Azerbaijan during 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 cropping seasons. The genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments of control, flag leaf removal and removal half of each spike was applied in order to study of sink-source limitation in normal condition. Flag leaf removal and removing of the rest leaves (source limitation) decreased grain yield by an average of 25% and 8% respectively. Removal of flag leaf had more affected on grain yield, biological yield, 1000 grain weight and source limited. Removal half of Spikelet per spike (sink limitation) increased grain weight in C89-8, C-89-14 and Mihan genotypes. Low sink and source limitation was shown in C-89-4, C-8910 and C-89-14. These genotypes showed the highest grain yield because of more seed per spike, high TKW. Average means of source limitation (34.5%) was more than sink limitation (16.3%) in this genotypes. Positive significant correlation showed between remobilization of dry matter with grain yield (r=0.564, P<0.01) and 1000 kernel weight (r=0.446, P<0.05). The negative correlation of grain yield with kernel weight, seed per kernel and remobilization of dry matter indicated this trait can be used for identifying of high yield potential in bread wheat genotypes
Allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis affects 60 million of the U.S. population, 1.4 billion of the global population, and its prevalence appears to be increasing. The duration and severity of allergic rhinitis symptoms place a substantial burden on patient's quality of life, sleep, work productivity, and activity. The health impact of allergic rhinitis is compounded by associated complications and comorbidities including asthma, otitis media, sinusitis, and nasal polyps. Allergic rhinitis symptoms result from a complex, allergen-driven mucosal inflammatory process, modulated by immunoglobulin E (IgE), and caused by interplay between resident and infiltrating inflammatory cells and a number of vasoactive and proinflammatory mediators, including cytokines. This allergic response may be characterized as three phases: IgE sensitization, allergen challenge, and elicitation of symptoms. A thorough allergic history is the best tool for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, the establishment of which is achieved by correlating the patient's history and physical exam with an assessment for the presence of specific IgE antibodies to relevant aeroallergens determined by skin testing or by in vitro assay. Management of allergic rhinitis includes modifying environmental exposures, implementing pharmacotherapy, and, in select cases, administering allergen-specific immunotherapy. Intranasal therapeutic options include antihistamines, anticholinergic agents, corticosteroids (aqueous or aerosol), mast cell stabilizers, saline, and brief courses of decongestants. Selection of pharmacotherapy is based on the severity and chronicity of symptoms with the most effective medications being intranasal corticosteroids and intranasal antihistamines, which can be used in combination (separately or in fixed dose) for more difficult to control allergic rhinitis.
Efficacy of Debridement for Early Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Hip Arthroplasty

Purpose In early prosthetic joint infection after hip arthroplasty, debridement with prosthesis retention may be performed for implant salvage, but the reported success rates are highly variable. Hence we reviewed the outcome of radical debridement and retention of prosthesis using established diagnostic criteria and surgical procedures in relation to significant variables including clinical characteristics, pathogenicity, and antibiotic treatment. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 20 patients (11 men and 9 women) with early prosthetic joint infection after unilateral hip arthroplasty, treated by radical debridement with retention of prosthesis from January 2000 to May 2011. Average follow-up period was 55 months (12-178 months). The outcome was evaluated and analyzed based on recurrence of infection and clinical (Harris hip score) and radiological criteria. Results Pathogens were isolated from 11 hips (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] in three, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis [MRSE] in two, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus [MSSA] in one, Acinetobacter baumannii in two, Enterococcus faecalis in two patients, and Enterococcus, Citrobacter species in one). The mean duration of antibiotic administration was 43.5 days. Recurrence of infection was not observed in any case. Average Harris hip score was 91 points at the last follow-up. Revision surgery was not required for any reason including implant failure. Dislocation occurred in two hips after debridement and was treated conservatively. Conclusion Radical debridement with prosthesis retention is an effective procedure for early prosthetic joint infection after hip arthroplasty in carefully selected patients and with early diagnosis.
The reliability of DSM‐III prodromal symptoms in first‐episode psychotic patients

Thirty‐one first‐episode psychotic patients were assessed via a semistructured interview to determine the presence or absence of the 8 DSM‐III prodromal symptoms. Interrater reliability data were calculated for the same symptoms according to the patient, an informant and the raters blending the previous 2 sources of information. Levels of reliability, reported as kappa and percentage agreements, were generally acceptable.