Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low-power design methodology and applications utilizing dual supply voltages

This paper describes a gate-level power minimization methodology using dual supply voltages. Gates and flip-flops off the critical paths are made to operate at the reduced supply voltage to save power. Core technologies are dual-V/sub DD/ circuit synthesis and P&R. We give a brief overview on existing low-power EDA technologies as background and discuss advantages and challenges of the dual-V/sub DD/ approach. Through real design examples, we will show that the approach reduces power effectively while keeping the performance at negligible area overhead.
Query-by-Emoji Video Search

This technical demo presents Emoji2Video, a query-by-emoji interface for exploring video collections. Ideogram-based video search and representation presents an opportunity for an intuitive, visual interface and concise non-textual summary of video contents, in a form factor that is ideal for small screens. The demo allows users to build search strings comprised of ideograms which are used to query a large dataset of YouTube videos. The system returns a list of the top-ranking videos for the user query along with an emoji summary of the video contents so that users may make an informed decision whether to view a video or refine their search terms. The ranking of the videos is done in a zero-shot, multi-modal manner that employs an embedding space to exploit semantic relationships between user-selected ideograms and the video's visual and textual content.
Dynamic Analysis for Beijing Water Resources Management

In this paper, dynamic analysis of Beijing water resources management is studied by forecasting method. First, the condition of water resources of Beijing is introduced. Second, the model of the water resources forecasting in Beijing is constructed from two aspects, i.e., supply side and demand side. Finally, some management insights and suggestions are presented based on the dynamic analysis.
Poliovirus RNA synthesis utilizes an RNP complex formed around the 5′‐end of viral RNA.

The structure of a ribonucleoprotein complex formed at the 5′‐end of poliovirus RNA was investigated. This complex involves the first 90 nucleotides of poliovirus genome which fold into a cloverleaf‐like structure and interact with both uncleaved 3CD, the viral protease‐polymerase precursor, and a 36 kDa ribosome‐associated cellular protein. The cellular protein is required for complex formation and interacts with unpaired bases in one stem‐loop of the cloverleaf RNA. Amino acids within the 3C protease which are important for RNA binding were identified by site‐directed mutagenesis and the crystal structure of a related protease was used to model the RNA binding domain within the viral 3CD protein. The physiologic importance of the ribonucleic‐protein complex is suggested by the finding that mutations that disrupt complex formation abolish RNA replication but do not affect RNA translation or stability. Based on these structural and functional findings we propose a model for the initiation of poliovirus RNA synthesis where an initiation complex consisting of 3CD, a cellular protein, and the 5′‐end of the positive strand RNA catalyzes in trans the initiation of synthesis of new positive stranded RNA.
Structure and Function of the Fecal Microbiota in Diarrheic Neonatal Piglets

Diarrhea is a leading cause of increased mortality in neonatal and young piglets. Aberration of the gut microbiota is one important factor in the etiology of piglet diarrhea. However, information regarding the structure and function of the gut microbiome in diarrheic neonatal piglets is limited. To investigate the composition and functional potential of the fecal microbiota in neonatal piglets, we performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on 20 fecal samples from diarrheic piglets and healthy controls, and metagenomics sequencing on a subset of six samples. We found striking compositional and functional differences in fecal microbiota between diarrheic and healthy piglets. Neonatal piglet diarrhea was associated with increases in the relative abundance of Prevotella, Sutterella, and Campylobacter, as well as Fusobacteriaceae. The increased relative abundance of Prevotella was correlated with the reduction in Escherichia coli and the majority of beneficial bacteria that belonging to the Firmicutes phylum (e.g., Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, and Blautia) in diarrheic piglets. The differentially functional gene abundances in diarrheic piglets were an increase in bacterial ribosome, and contributed primarily by the genera Prevotella, this indicates a growth advantage of the Prevotella in diarrheic conditions. Additional functional gene sets were associated with the reduction of polyamine transport, monosaccharide and sugar-specific PTS transport, amino acid transport, and two-component regulatory system. These profiles likely impact the ability to transport and uptake nutrients, as well as the ability to fight microbial infections in the piglet gut ecosystem. This work identifies a potential role for Prevotella in the community-wide microbial aberration and dysfunction that underpins the pathogenesis of piglet diarrhea. Identification of these microbial and functional signatures may provide biomarkers of neonatal piglet diarrhea.
Two Cases of Anomalous Origin of LAD from Right Coronary Artery Requiring Coronary Artery Bypass

We experienced two cases with anomalous origin of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) from the proximal right coronary artery requiring coronary artery bypass grafting. A 66-yr old female with a long history of angina and a positive stress test had the anomalous artery coursing anterior to the right ventricular outflow tract. A 42-yr old male with worsening angina after an anteroseptal myocardial infarction had the anomalous artery running between the great vessels. Both patients underwent left internal mammary artery-to-LAD bypass on the beating heart with complete resolution of ischemic symptoms. Isolated coronary artery anomaly is an uncommon disease (0.6–1.2%) in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization [1, 2]. An anomalous origin of the LAD from the proximal right coronary artery (RCA) or the right sinus of Valsalva (RSV) is very rare, found in 1.2–6.1% of all coronary anomalies [1, 2]. This coronary anomaly has been considered potentially serious but functionally unimportant [2]. We report two cases of anomalous LAD from the proximal RCA resulting in anterior wall ischemia which was effectively treated by coronary artery bypass surgery.
Semi-supervised Learning via Gaussian Processes

We present a probabilistic approach to learning a Gaussian Process classifier in the presence of unlabeled data. Our approach involves a "null category noise model" (NCNM) inspired by ordered categorical noise models. The noise model reflects an assumption that the data density is lower between the class-conditional densities. We illustrate our approach on a toy problem and present comparative results for the semi-supervised classification of handwritten digits.
Mixture model mapping of brain activation in functional magnetic resonance images

We report on a novel method of identifying brain regions activated by periodic experimental design in functional magnetic resonance imaging data. This involves fitting a mixture distribution with two components to a test statistic estimated at each voxel in an image. The two parameters of this distribution, the proportion of nonactivated voxels, and the effect size can be estimated using maximum likelihood methods. Standard errors of the parameters can also be estimated. The fitted distribution can be used to derive brain activation maps and two examples are described, one involving a visual stimulation task, the other an auditory stimulation task. The method appears to have some advantages over direct use of the P‐values corresponding to each voxel's value of the test statistic. Hum. Brain Mapping 7:1–14, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Finding the Best Flexibility Strategies by Using an Integrated Method of FAHP and QFD

In this study, Turkish automotive sector needs for flexibility will be determined, and the relationships between flexibility levers and flexibility performance criteria will be evaluated with respect to the sectoral needs. The choice of the appropriate lever combinations will be made for the sector by using the results of this evaluation. The flexibility strategies will be ranked by using a fuzzy extended AHP approach. At the second phase of this study, the QFD tool will be used to find the best flexibility lever portfolio related to automotive sector strategies.
A study on multiple sound source localization with a distributed microphone system

This paper describes a novel method for multiple sound source localization and its performance evaluation in actual room environments. The proposed method localizes a sound source by ﬁnding the position that maximizes the accumulated correlation coefﬁcient between multiple channel pairs. After the estimation of the ﬁrst sound source, a typical pattern of the accumulated correlation for a single sound source is subtracted from the observed distribution of the accumulated correlation. Subse-quently, the second sound source is searched again. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments of multiple sound source localization were carried out in an actual ofﬁce room. The result shows that multiple sound source localization accuracy is about 99.7%. The proposed method could realize the multiple sound source localization robustly and stably.
Risk-Based Usage Control for Service Oriented Architecture

In Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) data belonging to a client (data provider) is often processed by a provider (data consumer). During this processing the data can be compromised. A client wants to be sure that its data is used in the least risky way while is under provider’s control. The risk level should be low when access to the data is granted and should remain low during the whole interaction and, maybe, some time after. Therefore, a client has to consider closely various providers and decide which one provides the service with the smallest risk. More importantly, the risk has to be constantly recomputed after granting the access to the data, i.e., usage of data must be controlled. In this work we propose a method to empower usage control with a risk-based decision making process for more efficient and flexible control of access to data. Employing this idea we show how to select a service provider using risk, re-evaluate the risk level when some changes have happened and how to improve an infrastructure in order to reduce the risk level.
Constructing a Universal Scale of High School Course Difficulty. ACT Research Report Series.

This study examined the usefulness of applying the Rasch rating scale model (Andrich, 1978) to high school grade data. ACT Assessment test scores (English, Mathematics, Reading, and Science Reasoning) were used as “common items” to adjust for different grading standards in individual high school courses both within and across schools. This scaling approach yielded an ACT Assessment-adjusted high school grade point average (AA-HSGPA) on a common scale across high schools and cohorts within a large public university. AA-HSGPA was a better predictor of first-year college grade point average (CGPA) than the regular high school grade point average. The best model for predicting CGPA included both the ACT composite score and AA-HSGPA.
An Object Model for Conventional Operating Systems

We have developed an object model for conventional (UNIX-like) systems. It can be used for extending such systems with persistent, shared, protected, and distributed objects. It allows objects to coexist with, access, and be accessed by existing components of the operating system, and has been developed by applying much of the work done in naming, organization, access, and protection of conventional resources to support naming, organization, access, and protection of objects. Objects are created as combinations of conventional processes and files. Like processes, they are active agents capable of executing code on different hosts and communicating with other objects. Like files, they are persistent, have a protected name in a network file system, and are opened and closed for access. The model has been implemented in Suite, which is an extension of UNIX and supports a large part of the functionality provided by unconventional object-based operating systems. The paper presents the motivation for the object model, describes its distinguishing features together with the rationale for our decisions, outlines its implementation in Suite, describes the results of our preliminary experience with building and using objects in Suite, and presents conclusions and future directions for research.
Improvement of Outcomes after Coronary Artery Bypass II: A Randomized Trial Comparing Intraoperative High Versus Customized Mean Arterial Pressure

Abstract Background and Aim of the Study: The objective of this randomized trial was to compare the efficacy of two strategies of hemodynamic management during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on morbidity, mortality, cognitive complications and deterioration in functional status. Methods: Patients scheduled to undergo primary elective CABG were eligible. In one group, mean arterial pressure target during CPB was 80 mmHg (“high” MAP group); in the other group, MAP target was determined by patients’ pre‐bypass MAP (“custom” MAP group). The principal outcomes were mortality, major neurologic or cardiac complications, cognitive complications or deterioration in functional status. Results: Of 412 enrolled patients, 36% were women, with overall mean age of 64.7 ± 12.3 years. Duration of bypass was identical for the two randomization groups. Overall complication rates were similar: 16.5% of the high group and 14.6% of the custom group experienced one or more neurologic, cardiac or cognitive complications. When only cardiac and neurologic morbidity and mortality were considered, the rates were 11.7% and 12.6%, in the high and custom groups, respectively. The aggregate outcome rate, including functional deterioration, was 31.6% in the high group and 29.6% in the custom group. Conclusions: There were no statistically significant differences between the high MAP group and the custom MAP group for the combined outcome of mortality cardiac, neurologic or cognitive complications, and deterioration in the quality of life.
Reducing the Impact of Data Sparsity in Statistical Machine Translation

Morphologically rich languages generally require large amounts of parallel data to adequately estimate parameters in a statistical Machine Translation(SMT) system. However, it is time consuming and expensive to create large collections of parallel data. In this paper, we explore two strategies for circumventing sparsity caused by lack of large parallel corpora. First, we explore the use of distributed representations in an Recurrent Neural Network based language model with different morphological features and second, we explore the use of lexical resources such as WordNet to overcome sparsity of content words.
UAV based real time video surveillance over 4G LTE

Constant video surveillance of remote locations in rural areas, dense urbanized dwellings and strategic military sites is of paramount interest to law enforcing agencies. Aerial monitoring is now made possible by using dozens of camera mounted UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) streaming video from different vantage points to a single command and control center. In this paper, we present an architecture for closed circuit monitoring of such sites, which may consist of multiple indoor and outdoor vantage points by using the legacy 4G LTE wireless network cellular infrastructure in and around the buildings consisting of several outdoor macro cells and indoor femto cells to build a closed-circuit monitoring framework for streaming real time video. Such a framework would lead to timely action in crime or disaster prevention. We investigate the technical performance of such a video streaming system using the metrics of throughputs, loss rates and delay in relation to the physical aspects of wireless propagation; multipath propagation loss, shadowing and fading models.
Real Materialism And Other Essays

Introduction 1. Real Materialism 2. Realistic monism: why physicalism entails panpsychism 3. Can we know the nature of reality as it is in itself? 4. Red and 'red' 5. Self, body, and experience 6. What is the relation between an experience, the subject of the experience, and the content of the experience? 7. Against narrativity 8. Episodic ethics 9. Mental ballistics: the involuntariness of spontaneity 10. Intentionality and experience: terminological preliminaries 11. Real intentionality: why intentionality entails consciousness 12. On the inevitability of freedom (from the compatibilist point of view ) 13. The impossibility of moral responsibility 14. Consciousness, free will, and the unimportance of determinism 15. Free agents 16. Realism and causation 17. The contingent reality of natural necessity 18. David Hume: objects and power 19. Epistemology, semantics, ontology, and David Hume Bibliography Index
The Scallop in Human Fixed-Interval Research: A Review of Problems with Data Description

Early research studying human performance on schedules of reinforcement indicated that scalloped response patterns (initial pausing followed by accelerating responding) were prevalent in fixed-interval schedules, but later research has shown that scalloping is rare in humans, or it occurs only under limited conditions. A review of this research revealed several problems with the description of response patterns. First, there was considerable variability in what was identified as a scallop. Second, the prevalence of scalloping was often exaggerated by the manner in which authors summarized cumulative record data. Methods of response pattern analysis including the Mathematical Index of Curvature, interresponse time microanalysis, and visual inspection of cumulative records are discussed. A method of interval-by-interval classification of response patterns in cumulative records is suggested as a technique to improve descriptions of fixed-interval patterning
Treatment options in trigeminal neuralgia

The incidence of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is 4.3 per 100,000 persons per year, with a slightly higher incidence for women (5.9/100,000) compared with men (3.4/100,000). There is a lack of certainty regarding the aetiology and pathophysiology of TN. The treatment of TN can be very challenging despite the numerous options patients and physicians can choose from. This multitude of treatment options poses the question as to which treatment fits which patient best. The preferred medical treatment for TN consists of anticonvulsant drugs, muscle relaxants and neuroleptic agents. Large-scale placebo-controlled clinical trials are scarce. For patients refractory to medical therapy, Gasserian ganglion percutaneous techniques, gamma knife surgery and microvascular decompression are the most promising invasive treatment options.
Exact solutions for fermionic Green's functions in the Bloch-Nordsieck approximation of QED.

A set of new closed-form solutions for fermionic Green's functions in the Bloch-Nordsieck approximation of QED is presented. A manifestly covariant phase-space path-integral method is applied for calculating the {ital n}-fermion Green's function in a classical external field. In the case of one and two fermions, explicit expressions for the full Green's functions are analytically obtained, with renormalization carried out in the modified minimal subtraction scheme. The renormalization constants and the corresponding anomalous dimensions are determined. The mass-shell behavior of the two-fermion Green's function is investigated in detail. No assumptions are made concerning the structure of asymptotic states and no IR cutoff is used in the calculations.
Is oestrogen a ‘biological neuroleptic’?

Objective : Oestrogen-hypothesis in schizophrenia is a largely debated issue. Being a multifactor disorder, schizophrenia has gained importance in the field of psychiatric research, especially to dig out the tentative aetiologies (genetic, biological, environmental etc.), still under tested or not tested. The present article is an attempt only to understand the possible role of oestrogen as a ‘core’ biological factor at the backdrop of male-female differences (in the onset, course, treatment response, prognosis) in schizophrenia barring other factors. This is to reduce the level of ‘conflict’ and ‘confusion’ in the article. Method : Electronic data search is the mainstay of the literature bank, included in the article and only ’supportive’ evidences (direct and indirect) are incorporated to understand the role of oestrogen in the brain at the backdrop of schizophrenia. Result: The study comes out with a postulation that oestrogen has got a potential effect in moderating the process of schizophrenia in the females. Conclusion : Oestrogen could be tested as the ’novel’ therapeutic agent in the female schizophrenics with the necessary support from the modern Nuclear Imaging Techniques to get maximum therapeutic benefit in schizophrenia.
Shake Till You Break – Bilateral Neck of Humerus Fracture Post Seizure

Fractures may occur after an episode of seizures. Although rare, with a high index of suspicion and proper physical examination, delay of diagnosis and treatment can be avoided. We report a case of near missed bilateral proximal humerus fracture after an episode of generalized tonic-clonic seizure. A 58-year-old lady with a background history of epilepsy complained of generalized body ache after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure which happened few hours before presentation to our Emergency Department. On assessment, she was in pain and unable to move all four limbs. After given analgesia, patient was reassessed whereby she complained of bilateral shoulder stiffness and pain. Examination of the upper limbs revealed restricted range of movement in all directions with no shoulder squaring. X-ray showed bilateral proximal humerus fracture. Proximal humeral fractures rarely occur by itself following seizures; they are almost always associated with dislocation of the glenohumeral joint.
Stepwise development of thymic microenvironments in vivo is regulated by thymocyte subsets.

T-cell development is under the tight control of thymic microenvironments. Conversely, the integrity of thymic microenvironments depends on the physical presence of developing thymocytes, a phenomenon designated as 'thymic crosstalk'. We now show, using three types of immunodeficient mice, i.e. CD3(epsilon) transgenic mice, RAG(null) mice and RAG(null)-bone-marrow-transplanted CD3(epsilon) transgenic mice, that the control point in lymphoid development where triple negative (CD3(-),CD4(-),CD8(-)) thymocytes progress from CD44(+)CD25(-) towards CD44(-)CD25(+), influences the development of epithelial cells, critically inducing the extra, third dimension in the organization of the epithelial cells in the cortex. This tertiary configuration of the thymic epithelium is a typical feature for the thymus, enabling lymphostromal interaction during T-cell development. Crosstalk signals at this control point also induce the formation of thymic nurse cells. Moreover, our data indicate that establishment of a thymic cortex is a prerequisite for the development of the thymic medulla. Thus, differentiating thymocytes regulate the morphogenesis of thymic microenvironments in a stepwise fashion.