Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient data gathering in WSN using fuzzy C means and ant colony optimization

Monitoring and controlling difficult terrains in a timely manner are a major application area of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Usually such areas are unreachable rendering battery change of sensor nodes infeasible. So data gathering protocols should be energy efficient to elongate WSN lifetime. We propose a data gathering method coined as FCM-DS-ACO which uses fuzzy c means (FCM) to cluster the sensor nodes. The dominating set (DS) for each cluster is found out and ant colony optimization (ACO) is used to form cluster chains out of the DS. Chain leader (CL) for each cluster chain is selected based on its residual energy and proximity to base station (BS). Data is aggregated as it moves along the cluster chain to CL which transmits it directly to BS. Matlab simulations reveal that FCM-DS-ACO outperforms LEACH, LEACH-C and PEGASIS in extending network lifetime and at the same time providing good percentage coverage of the deployment area. Our results are shown to be statistically significant.
Dual Degradation of Aurora A and B Kinases by the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor LBH589 Induces G2-M Arrest and Apoptosis of Renal Cancer Cells

Purpose: This study is aimed at investigating antineoplastic efficacy of histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI) LBH589 on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and elucidating the novel molecular mechanisms involved in growth arrest and apoptosis by targeting the important nonhistone molecules. Experimental Design: We analyzed the growth-inhibitory effect of LBH589 on RCC by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay in vitro and antitumor efficacy by xenograft experiments in vivo. To verify the associated molecular mechanisms involved in LBH589-mediated cell death and cell cycle progression by Western blotting and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Results: HDACI LBH589 induced degradation of both Aurora A and B kinases through a proteasome-mediated pathway by targeting HDAC3 and HDAC6. The dual degradation of Aurora A and B kinases mediated by LBH589 resulted in inducing G2-M arrest and apoptosis of renal cancer cell lines and our results also showed that LBH589 potently inhibited renal cancer cell growth in vitro and suppressed tumor formation in vivo. The Aurora A and B kinases and HDAC3 are overexpressed in the human RCC tumor tissues examined, which make them perfect targets for HDACI LBH589 treatment. Conclusions: Our in vitro and in vivo data showed that LBH589 has potent anticancer effect of renal cancer cells. LBH589 and other HDACI treatment resulted in inducing G2-M arrest and apoptosis of renal cancer cells through degradation of Aurora A and B kinases by inhibition of HDAC3 and HDAC6. The clinical efficacy of LBH589 in the treatment of patients with metastatic RCC, especially those with high Aurora kinase and HDAC expression, is worthy of further investigation.
An Efficient Guarding by Detecting Intrusions in Multi-Tier Web Applications

Internet services and applications have become an inextricable part of daily life, enabling communication and the management of personal information from anywhere. To accommodate this increase in application and data complexity, web services have moved to a multitier design wherein the web server runs the application front-end logic and data are outsourced to a database or file server. In this paper, we present Efficient Guarding, an IDS system that models the network behavior of user sessions across both the front-end web server and the back-end database. By monitoring both web and subsequent database requests, we are able to ferret out attacks that independent IDS would not be able to identify. Furthermore, we quantify the limitations of any multitier IDS in terms of training sessions and functionality coverage. We implemented Efficient Guarding using an Apache web server with MySQL and lightweight virtualization. We then collected and processed real-world traffic over a 15-day period of system deployment in both dynamic and static web applications. Finally, using Efficient Guarding, we were able to expose a wide range of attacks with 100 percent accuracy while maintaining 0 percent false positives for static web services and 0.6 percent false positives for dynamic web services. KeywordsAnomaly detection; multitier web application; virtualization
DAG-based multipath routing for mobile sensor networks

We propose a new multipath routing protocol called DMR for mobile sensor networks, where any node can move anytime. DMR is based on the IETF RPL framework, which uses directed acyclic graph (DAG) to remove routing cycles. By broadcasting DAG construction messages including rank and link quality indication, DMR constructs DAG and provides path redundancy. This allows mobile sensors to find multiple alternative paths easily on local and global route failures. Our experimental results show that DMR successfully delivers more than 97% of messages while improving the energy efficiency for MSN by effectively reducing routing overheads by 65% and 56% on average compared to the existing MANET routing protocols AODV and AOMDV, respectively.
The effect of verbal agreement marking on the use of null and overt subjects: a quantitative study of first person singular in Brazilian Portuguese

Em um estudo de corpus e em dois experimentos de aceitabilidade, investigamos se existe uma preferência por sujeitos nulos ou pronominais com verbos ambíguos (sincréticos) ou exclusivos (não-ambíguos) no Português Brasileiro (PB). A literatura propõe que o PB (i) está desativando o “Princípio Evitar Pronome” e (ii) é uma língua parcialmente “pro-drop”, cujos contextos morfossintáticos para sujeitos nulos são restritos. Nosso estudo de corpus e os experimentos de aceitabilidade mostram que há um efeito do sincretismo de pessoas no paradigma verbal sobre a frequência relativa de sujeitos nulos e sobre a aceitabilidade de sentenças com sujeitos nulos na primeira pessoa do singular: há uma tendência a evitar ambiguidade para sujeitos nulos com formas verbais ambíguas, mas apenas em contextos em que há competição de antecedentes. Esses resultados são analisados à luz de uma teoria geral da resolução da anáfora (Ariel 1990, etc.), como resultado de um cálculo levando em conta a acessibilidade dos antecedentes potenciais e o custo da forma anafórica (ALMOR, 1996).
Implementation of Sha-256 Algorithm in Fpga Based Processor Soundarya

: Hash functions play a significant role in today's cryptographic applications. SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) is famous message compress standard used in computer cryptography, it can compress a long message to become a short message abstract. In this paper, SHA-256 hash algorithm has been implemented using Verilog HDL (Hardware Description Language). The SHA-256 source code is divided into three modules, namely Data path, Memory and Top module. The Verilog code is synthesized using Xilinx software tool. The test vectors have been applied to verify the correctness of the SHA-256 functionality. A comparison between the proposed SHA-256 hash function implementation with other related works shows that it achieves the introduced system can working on reuse data, minimize critical paths and reduce the memory access by using cache memory, reducing clock cycles and needs less silicon area resources. The achieved performance in the term of throughput of the proposed system/architecture is much higher than the other hardware implementations. The proposed system could be used for the implementation of integrity units, and in many other sensitive cryptographic applications, such as, digital signatures, message authentication codes and random number generators.
Business-Aware Visual Concept Discovery from Social Media for Multimodal Business Venue Recognition

Image localization is important for marketing and recommendation of local business; however, the level of granularity is still a critical issue. Given a consumer photo and its rough GPS information, we are interested in extracting the fine-grained location information, i.e. business venues, of the image. To this end, we propose a novel framework for business venue recognition. The framework mainly contains three parts. First, business-aware visual concept discovery: we mine a set of concepts that are useful for business venue recognition based on three guidelines including business awareness, visually detectable, and discriminative power. We define concepts that satisfy all of these three criteria as business-aware visual concept. Second, business-aware concept detection by convolutional neural networks (BA-CNN): we propose a new network configuration that can incorporate semantic signals mined from business reviews for extracting semantic concept features from a query image. Third, multimodal business venue recognition: we extend visually detected concepts to multimodal feature representations that allow a test image to be associated with business reviews and images from social media for business venue recognition. The experiments results show the visual concepts detected by BA-CNN can achieve up to 22.5% relative improvement for business venue recognition compared to the state-of-the-art convolutional neural network features. Experiments also show that by leveraging multimodal information from social media we can further boost the performance, especially when the database images belonging to each business venue are scarce.
Transcription Under Torsion

Keeping Transcription Going In cells, the DNA double-stranded helix (dsDNA) is mostly supercoiled—either under- or overwound. RNA polymerase (RNAP) must transcribe though this supercoiled DNA. Furthermore, the act of transcription, which involves opening the double helix and threading the separated strands through the enzyme, generates supercoiling ahead and behind the polymerase. Ma et al. (p. 1580) used single-molecule methods to measure the upstream and downstream torque forces of Escherichia coli RNAP. The upstream torque was sufficient to disrupt dsDNA structure, and the stalled RNAP could also backtrack along the DNA. Release of the torsional stress allowed RNAP to resume transcription in vitro. RNA polymerase is a potent DNA-based torsional motor than can restart transcription after release of DNA supercoiling stress. In cells, RNA polymerase (RNAP) must transcribe supercoiled DNA, whose torsional state is constantly changing, but how RNAP deals with DNA supercoiling remains elusive. We report direct measurements of individual Escherichia coli RNAPs as they transcribed supercoiled DNA. We found that a resisting torque slowed RNAP and increased its pause frequency and duration. RNAP was able to generate 11 ± 4 piconewton-nanometers (mean ± standard deviation) of torque before stalling, an amount sufficient to melt DNA of arbitrary sequence and establish RNAP as a more potent torsional motor than previously known. A stalled RNAP was able to resume transcription upon torque relaxation, and transcribing RNAP was resilient to transient torque fluctuations. These results provide a quantitative framework for understanding how dynamic modification of DNA supercoiling regulates transcription.
Comparison of Stereo Matching Algorithms for Mobile Robots

1 Abstract For navigation and obstacle avoidance in the field of mobile robots, perception and identification of the surrounding environment is necessary. Depth maps therefore provide an essential description of the world seen through cameras. This thesis will investigate with different types of stereo matching algorithms for calculating depth maps. The task is to build and to implement a system for generating depth maps on a mobile robot. Many stereo algorithms make use of the epipolar constraint, meaning that for a pixel in the left image the corresponding point in the right image lies on the same horizontal line, the epipolar line. This strong constraint is used to reduce the search space of the correspondence algorithms that calculates depth maps. To make use of the epipolar constraint the camera system needs to be calibrated first, to get the intrinsic and extrinsic camera parameters, in order to rectify images according to these parameters. The first chapters therefore deal with the necessary pre-processing steps to calibrate cameras and to rectify images.
Underdetermined Blind Source Separation Based on Generalized Gaussian Distribution

In this paper, a novel method for separating underlying sources with both sub- and super-Gaussian distributions from the underdetermined mixtures is proposed. The generalized Gaussian distribution (GGD) is used to model simultaneously both sub- and super-Gaussian distributions. The process of finding the most probable decomposition of the mixtures based on the GGD leads to that of minimizing the Lp-norm of the estimated sources. The switching condition for determining the decay rate of the GGD is determined by the sign of the kurtosis of the inferred source. In our simulation, the proposed algorithm separated both the sub- and super-Gaussian sources from the underdetermined mixtures and achieved about 1 dB improvement in signal-to-interference (SIR) over the l1-norm minimization algorithm in separating three speech sources from two mixtures.
Relations with the modeling of channel assignment problems on multi-hop wireless networks and edge coloring problems of graphs

Multi-hop wireless networks [1] are autonomous systems of mobile nodes connected by wireless links and consist of nodes and wireless links. The nodes are classified into two kinds: one is a mobile terminal such as mobile phone, personal computer, handheld computer, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) and so on, each of which has a router communication function for other terminals and the other is a special terminal that acts only as a router for mobile terminals and has a long-life or a permanent battery(Fig.1). Such multi-hop wireless networks are useful in various applications when cellular infrastructure is neither available nor realistic or when ubiquitous communication services are required without the presence or use of a fixed infrastructure. For multi-hop wireless networks, we assign channels to communication between two terminals. This channel assignment problems are modelled to edge coloring problems in graph theory. In the previous paper[4],[6] we defined a new edge coloring problem called middle edge coloring and discussed the property of the coloring. In this paper, we consider appropriate models of the channel assignment problems.
Iterative Methods for Total Variation Denoising

Total variation (TV) methods are very effective for recovering “blocky,” possibly discontinuous, images from noisy data. A fixed point algorithm for minimizing a TV penalized least squares functional is presented and compared with existing minimization schemes. A variant of the cell-centered finite difference multigrid method of Ewing and Shen is implemented for solving the (large, sparse) linear subproblems. Numerical results are presented for one- and two-dimensional examples; in particular, the algorithm is applied to actual data obtained from confocal microscopy.
MEMS Pressure-sensor Arrays for Passive Underwater Navigation

MEMS pressure sensors have had broad applications in fields such as mining, medicine, automobiles, and manufacturing. Another application to be explored is in underwater vehicular navigation. Objects within a flow generate pressure variations that characterize the objects’ shape and size. Sensing these pressure variations allows the unique identification and location of obstacles for navigation (Figure 1). This concept is inspired by existing biological systems. Fish have such a sensory lateral line, which they use to monitor all aspects of their hydrodynamic environment, including obstacles [2,5].
Implicit Attitudes as Potential Protection From Risky Sex: Predicting Condom Use With the IAT

The Implicit Association Test (Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) has become a popular tool for measuring implicit attitudes toward 2 contrasting concepts. In this study, we suggest including a neutral category (trees) to capture implicit evaluations of a single target attitude object. Using such a technique to measure implicit attitudes toward condoms, we predicted and found that explicit attitudes were related to intended condom use in situations that allow for controlled and deliberative processing, but implicit attitudes were related to intended condom use when automatic processing presides. Implications for such implicit and explicit attitude-behavior relations are discussed in the context of sexual risk-taking.
Novel self-portrait enhancement via multi-photo fusing

In this paper, we present a novel multi-photo-based framework to solve a self-portrait enhancement problem we call “1+2 problem”, in which a self-portrait photo is enhanced with the help of two multiple photos that share the same scene and similar shooting time. The key idea is to exploit the extra information of these two photos to overcome the limited field of view and poor illumination of the target self-portrait. Given 1+2 photos, our method first performs an illumination adjustment to accomplish a uniform lighting style. Then these photos are aligned using the homography transformation matrices which are estimated by RANSAC over the matched SIFT feature points. Furthermore, a Markov Random Field based approach is proposed to globally fuse the aligned photos nicely. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves satisfying results in this novel application scenario.
CMOS Active Inductor Linearity Improvement Using Feed-Forward Current Source Technique

MOSFET drain current second-order nonlinearity has a significant impact on the linearity of current regulated CMOS active inductors. It tends to compress MOSFET transconductance (g m) by generating excess dc current (I EX) in the channel, which is a function of incoming input signal amplitude. This generated excess dc current can change the original dc operating point of the current regulated CMOS active inductor, and thus, influence the inductance. Unfortunately, MOSFET drain current second-order nonlinearity contributes more to MOSFET g m compression than MOSFET drain current third-order nonlinearity. In this paper, a new technique known as feed-forward current source (FFCS) has been proposed to improve the linearity of the active inductor. The proposed FFCS technique makes use of the second-order nonlinear property of a MOSFET that generates I EX when an input ac signal is applied. The generated I EX is then fed-forward to the current source of the active inductor to drain out the I EX in the active inductor. This prevents the dc operating point from shifting and improves its inductance linearity. Single-ended and differential active inductors with the proposed FFCS circuit have been fabricated using Silterra's CMOS 0.18-mum technology to verify the proposed technique.
Modeling and SOC estimation of LiFePO4 battery

In order to estimate the state of charge (SOC) of LiFePO4 battery more accurately, an improved Extended Kalman Filter (EFK) algorithm is proposed to estimate the parameters in the least squared identification model. A second-order RC equivalent circuit is used as the battery model, and an additive term is introduced into the state equation for real-time parameter update. Besides, a fuzzy controller is applied to online adjust measurement noise variance. Simulation experiments have been performed for SOC estimation and the estimation accuracy is remarkably better than that obtained from a general EKF algorithm.
Heat shock protein coinducers with no effect on protein denaturation specifically modulate the membrane lipid phase

The hydroxylamine derivative bimoclomol (BM) has been shown to activate natural cytoprotective homeostatic responses by enhancing the capability of cells to cope with various pathophysiological conditions. It exerts its effect in synergy with low levels of stress to induce the synthesis of members of major stress protein families. We show here that the presence of BM does not influence protein denaturation in the cells. BM and its derivatives selectively interact with acidic lipids and modulate their thermal and dynamic properties. BM acts as a membrane fluidizer at normal temperature, but it is a highly efficient membrane stabilizer, inhibiting the bilayer–nonbilayer phase transitions during severe heat shock. We suggest that BM and the related compounds modify those domains of membrane lipids where the thermally or chemically induced perturbation of lipid phase is sensed and transduced into a cellular signal, leading to enhanced activation of heat shock genes. BM may be a prototype for clinically safe membrane-interacting drug candidates that rebalance the level and composition of heat shock proteins.
Quantitative Analysis of Desirability in User Experience

The multi-dimensional nature of user experience warrants rigorous assessment of the interactive experience in systems. User experience assessments are based on product evaluations and subsequent analysis of the collected data using quantitative and qualitative techniques. The quality of user experience assessments are dependent on the effectiveness of the techniques deployed. This paper presents the results of a quantitative analysis of desirability aspects of the user experience in a comparative product evaluation study. The data collection was conducted using 118 item Microsoft Product Reaction Cards (PRC) tool followed by data analysis based on the Surface Measure of Overall Performance (SMOP) approach. The results of this study suggest that the incorporation of SMOP as an approach for PRC data analysis derive conclusive evidence of desirability in user experience. The significance of the paper is that it presents a novel analysis method incorporating product reaction cards and surface measure of overall performance approach for an effective quantitative analysis which can be used in academic research and industrial practice.
A MAC protocol for mobile ad hoc networks using directional antennas

We propose a medium access control (MAC) protocol for an ad hoc network of mobile wireless terminals that are equipped with multiple directional antennas. Use of directional antennas in ad hoc networks can largely reduce the radio interference, thereby improving the packet throughput. However, the main problem of using directional antennas in such networks is due to the dynamic nature of the network caused by frequent node movements. This gives rise to problems such as locating and tracking during random channel access. The MAC protocol presented in this paper proposes a solution to these problems without the help of additional hardware. Results obtained from detailed computer simulations demonstrate the performance improvement obtained with the proposed scheme.
A Texture-based Method for Detecting Moving Objects

The detection of moving objects from video frames plays an important and often very critical role in different kinds of machine vision applications including human detection and tracking, traffic monitoring, humanmachine interfaces and military applications, since it usually is one of the first phases in a system architecture. A common way to detect moving objects is background subtraction. In background subtraction, moving objects are detected by comparing each video frame against an existing model of the scene background. In this paper, we propose a novel block-based algorithm for background subtraction. The algorithm is based on the Local Binary Pattern (LBP) texture measure. Each image block is modelled as a group of weighted adaptive LBP histograms. The algorithm operates in real-time under the assumption of a stationary camera with fixed focal length. It can adapt to inherent changes in scene background and can also handle multimodal backgrounds.