Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Going to the source: role of the invasion pathway in determining potential invaders

Biological invasions are an increasing agent of change in aquatic systems, and ballast- water transfer in ships is a leading pathway of these invasions. During sequential stages of ballast transfer (uptake, transport, and release), the density and diversity of the plankton assemblage is selectively filtered, determining the pool of potential invaders. Understanding taxon-specific patterns of mortality along the invasion pathway is key to understanding and predicting successful invasions. We quantified taxon-specific trends in plankton mortality during a 16 d trans-Atlantic ballast water voyage. In the ballast tanks, we collected a miminum of 50 live taxa. Over 50% of taxa and >98% of organisms collected in initial samples were not detected at the end of the voyage. No ballasted organ- isms survived experimental transfer to coastal harbor water. We suggest that the invasion success of a particular taxon may be predicted both by high density at the end of a voyage (which is compara- tively easy to measure) and by low mortality during a voyage (which may indicate good body condi- tion, but is harder to measure). These 2 predictors were not, however, correlated across taxa. Mid- ocean exchange, the most widely used method for reducing ballast-mediated invasion risk, alters the pool of potential invaders. In an experimental test of mid-ocean exchange, 93 to 100% of the coastal water and 80 to 100% of the coastal organisms were removed. However, the total density and diver- sity of plankton in the ballast tanks increased significantly following exchange and in laboratory experiments ocean water was not lethal to coastal organisms.
Relationship between objective responses in phase I trials and potential efficacy of non-specific cytotoxic investigational new drugs.

BACKGROUND Although the evaluation of new investigational drugs in phase I, II and III trials requires considerable time and patient resources, only a few of these drugs are ultimately established as anticancer drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected papers of phase I trials by a Medline search using the key words 'Neoplasms/Drug Therapy in MeSH' and 'Phase I' for the period from 1976 to 1993. A drug was defined as 'effective' if a regimen including the drug produced positive results in at least one phase III trial. We analyzed the relationship between objective (complete and partial) responses in phase I trials and the effectiveness of agents in phase III trials. RESULTS A total of 399 single-agent phase I trials of cytotoxic agents in adult patients with solid tumors were obtained. Further clinical investigation was not recommended in 36 trials (9%) because of severe toxicity. In the remaining 363 trials, 174 drugs were evaluated and the median number of trials for each drug was two (range one to nine). Objective responses were observed in 495 (4.1%) of 12 076 patients, 178 (49%) of 363 trials, and 115 (66%) of 174 drugs. Of the 174 drugs, 48 (28%) were considered to be effective. Percentages of effective drugs rose as the number of responders in phase I trials increased. Logistic regression analyses showed the number of responders to be significantly associated with drug effectiveness [odds ratio = 1.16 (1.06-1.27), P = 0.001 for 174 drugs; odds ratio = 1.16 (1.05-1.28), P = 0.0038 for 363 trials]. Although 10 active drugs failed to produce an objective response in phase I trials, seven of them produced a tumor regression of <50%, and three reportedly produced objective responses in phase I trials conducted before 1975. The numbers of responders among patients with lung, ovarian, breast or colorectal cancer, but not those among patients with lymphoma, melanoma, sarcoma or renal-cell carcinoma, were associated significantly with drug effectiveness against the respective tumors. CONCLUSIONS Objective responses observed in phase I trials are important for determining the future development of an anticancer drug.
Managing Coil Epoxy Vacuum Impregnation Systems at the Manufacturing Floor Level to Achieve Ultimate Properties in State-of-the-Art Magnet Assemblies

Liquid epoxy resin impregnation systems remain a state-of-the-art polymer material for vacuum and vacuum/pressure impregnation applications in the manufacture of both advanced and conventional coil winding configurations. Epoxy resins inherent latitude in processing parameters accounts for their continued popularity in engineering applications, but also for the tendency to overlook or misinterpret the requisite processing parameters on the manufacturing floor. Resin system impregnation must be managed in detail in order to achieve device life cycle reliability. This closer look reveals how manufacturing floor level management of material acceptance, handling and storage, pre-and post-impregnation processing and cure can be built into a manufacturing plan to increase manufacturing yield, lower unit cost and ensure optimum life cycle performance of the coil.
Ndy1/KDM2B immortalizes mouse embryonic fibroblasts by repressing the Ink4a/Arf locus

The histone H3 demethylase Not dead yet-1 (Ndy1/KDM2B) is a physiological inhibitor of senescence. Here, we show that Ndy1 is down-regulated during senescence in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and that it represses the Ink4a/Arf locus. Ndy1 counteracts the senescence-associated down-regulation of Ezh2, a component of polycomb-repressive complex (PRC) 2, via a JmjC domain-dependent process leading to the global and Ink4a/Arf locus-specific up-regulation of histone H3K27 trimethylation. The latter promotes the Ink4a/Arf locus-specific binding of Bmi1, a component of PRC1. Ndy1, which interacts with Ezh2, also binds the Ink4a/Arf locus and demethylates the locus-associated histone H3K36me2 and histone H3K4me3. The combination of histone modifications driven by Ndy1 interferes with the binding of RNA Polymerase II, resulting in the transcriptional silencing of the Ink4a/Arf locus and contributing to the Ndy1 immortalization phenotype. Other studies show that, in addition to inhibiting replicative senescence, Ndy1 inhibits Ras oncogene-induced senescence via a similar molecular mechanism.
Professional Cricketers' Perceptions of the Importance of Antecedents Influencing Repeatable Good Performance

This study examined whether there is overall agreement amongst professional cricketers on the factors which are most important for the occurrence of repeatable good performances in the sport. Also, the consistency of the rank-order of such variables was investigated across individuals and roles within the same sport. A total of 198 cricketers (100 batters and 98 bowlers) who play or have played first class cricket in the English County Championship completed a rank-order task, which enabled them to use their experiences to judge the importance of 15 selected performance-influencing variables. Cultural consensus analysis indicated that no one factor for either batters or bowlers was significantly more important, despite many batters and bowlers ranking the need for ‘total self-confidence’ highest. Whilst no over-all agreement was found for batters and bowlers in their ranking of variables, a group of similar ‘core elements’, e.g., total self-confidence, following a set prematch routine, set performance plans, optima) arousal, and using mental rehearsal, were highly ranked by both groups, which may be an important consideration for practitioners endeavoring to produce strategies that encourage more consistent and higher performance for cricketers.
HOW DO FISCAL SHOCKS AFFECT THE MACROECONOMIC DYNAMICS IN THE SLOVENIAN ECONOMY

This paper analyses the dynamic effects of fiscal policy on macroeconomic developments in Slovenia. Although there is a substantial volume of work examining the effects of fiscal policy internationally, there are no such estimates for Slovenia. In this study, the structural VAR approach of Blanchard and Perotti (2002) is followed. It relies on institutional information about the tax and transfer systems and the timing of tax collection to identify the automatic response of taxes and spending to economic activity as well as to infer fiscal shocks. The main finding of this paper is that positive government spending shocks in Slovenia have an immediate positive effect on output, private consumption and investment. The effect becomes insignificant in the period following the shock. On the other hand, positive tax shocks have a negative effect on GDP, private consumption and investment in the period of a shock. The effect again becomes statistically insignificant afterwards. Taking the above facts into account, one-off changes in government spending and taxes in Slovenia are short-lived and can not be used to support economic activity. POVZETEK V raziskavi smo analizirali dinamicne ucinke fiskalne politike na razvoj makroekonomskih agregatov, kar je prvo tovrstno delo za Slovenijo. Izracuni so narejeni na podlagi strukturnega VAR modela, ki temelji na raziskavi Blanchard in Perotti (2002). Ta se opira na institucionalna dejstva o davcnem sistemu in sistemu transferjev ter casovnem horizontu pobiranja davkov. Omenjene informacije se potem uporabijo za identifikacijo avtomaticnih odzivov davkov in državne potrosnje na gibanje gospodarske aktivnosti in za dolocitev fiskalnih sokov. Glavne ugotovitve so, da pozitivni soki državne potrosnje pozitivno vplivajo na BDP, privatno potrosnjo in investicije takoj, ko sok nastopi. Ucinek postane statisticno neznacilen v obdobju za tem. Pozitivni davcni soki pa imajo v casu soka negativne ucinke na BDP, privatno potrosnjo in investicije. Ucinek ponovno postane statisticno neznacilen v obdobju, ki sledi soku. Iz omenjenega je možno sklepati, da imajo enkratne spremembe v državni potrosnji in davkih v Sloveniji kratkotrajen ucinek in se jih ne da uporabiti pri pospesevanju ekonomske aktivnosti na daljsi rok. 1 Analysis and Research Department, Bank of Slovenia, Slovenska 35, 1505 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Corresponding author: natasa.jemec@bsi.si. We are very grateful to Martin Wagner, Urban Sila and all the participants of the internal Bank of Slovenia seminar and of the Public Finance Workshop organized by Banca d'Italia for very useful comments and suggestions. All views expressed herein are those of authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Bank of Slovenia or of the Eurosystem. All remaining errors in this paper are the sole responsibility of the authors.
Community Influence Maximizing Based on Comprehensive Cascade Diffuse Model

In consideration of the community structure existing in social network and individual's interaction,we introduced the concept of community influence maximization.Furthermore,the influence probability among nodes may change due to the dynamic change of the interaction's intensity between the nodes.Thus,in this paper,the authors will propose a new diffuse model named comprehensive cascade model and use this model to study community influence maximization.Through the experiments on Enron email dataset,we compared the model's performance with independent cascade's.The result shows that the model is feasible in the community influence maximization.
Genetic heterogeneity of the human papovaviruses BK and JC

We have examined the structure and infectivity of BKV and JCV genomes from prototype strains after cell culture passage and of BKV genomes from primary isolates. Genomic structures were determined by restriction endonuclease analysis of molecularly cloned DNA. Infectivity was determined by transfection of the cloned genomes into urine‐derived epithelial cells and assaying for viral proteins and virus production. Prototype BKV DNA, which was cloned after 14 passages in three different cell lines, contained no alterations in restriction enzyme sites and was infectious. In contrast, prototype JCV acquired changes in the late region of the genome during passage in cell culture and the cloned DNA was not infectious. Urine‐derived cells were used to isolate virus from the urine of two renal transplant patients and one asymptomatic individual. The genome of the virus isolated from the normal individual was indistinguishable from prototype BKV except for a 60‐base pair deletion, which was localized between 0.62 and 0.72 map units. Two isolates from transplant patients differed from each other and from prototype BKV at a number of restriction enzyme cleavage sites located in the early region and were infectious. Genomes containing deletions from 100 to 600 base pairs were also cloned but were not infectious.
Insecticide susceptibility status in three medically important species of mosquitoes, Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus, from Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike, Karnataka, India.

BACKGROUND Development of resistance among mosquito vectors of diseases is of growing concern in many countries of the subtropics, including much of India. The distributions of susceptibility/resistance to insecticides are scarcely recorded and are unknown in many parts of India. This manuscript reports the susceptibility status among strains of Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus collected from different geographical areas of Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP), Karnataka, to six conventionally used insecticides. RESULTS An. stephensi, Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus from different geographic areas showed susceptibility towards temephos. However, susceptibility was meagre for most of the other insecticides used in the study. Strong resistance to propoxur was reported in Ullala (RR(90) = 467.1) and Bannerghatta (RR(90) = 12,265) populations of An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti respectively. RR(90) ≥ 12,830 was recorded as higher in the Yelahanka (YLK) population of Cx. quinquefasciatus to neem. Significant differences at LC(50) and LC(90) concentrations were observed against various insecticides in different mosquito populations. Resistance was observed against some of the larvicides for the diagnostic dose recommended by WHO. CONCLUSION The results form baseline data on the susceptibility status of three medically important mosquito vectors of diseases to commonly used insecticides in the field at present emphasise the importance of carrying out more effective and planned vector control measures.
Global Honey Bee Viral Landscape Altered by a Parasitic Mite

Honey Bees Beware of the Mite The emergence of a virulent form of a viral disease that has long been associated with the world-wide death of honey bees has occurred in the Hawaiian archipelago. Martin et al. (p. 1304) exploited this unique situation to study the mechanisms behind the emergence. Honey bee populations have long been established on the isolated Hawaiian Islands but only recently have some islands become infested with the Varroa mite. This mite has selected for a single viral pathogen-deformed wing virus among the honey bee population, with the appearance of a single dominant virus strain, which has now spread worldwide. Thus, a normally benign viral pathogen has become one of the most widely distributed and contagious insect viruses on the planet. The arrival on Hawaii of the mite Varroa has decreased diversity and increased prevalence of deformed wing virus. Emerging diseases are among the greatest threats to honey bees. Unfortunately, where and when an emerging disease will appear are almost impossible to predict. The arrival of the parasitic Varroa mite into the Hawaiian honey bee population allowed us to investigate changes in the prevalence, load, and strain diversity of honey bee viruses. The mite increased the prevalence of a single viral species, deformed wing virus (DWV), from ~10 to 100% within honey bee populations, which was accompanied by a millionfold increase in viral titer and a massive reduction in DWV diversity, leading to the predominance of a single DWV strain. Therefore, the global spread of Varroa has selected DWV variants that have emerged to allow it to become one of the most widely distributed and contagious insect viruses on the planet.
Palliative care during the final week of life of older people in nursing homes: A register-based study

ABSTRACT Objective: Our aim was to explore the presence of symptoms, symptom relief, and other key aspects of palliative care during the final week of life among older people residing in nursing homes. Method: Our study employed data from the Swedish Palliative Care Register on all registered individuals aged 60 and older who had died in nursing homes during the years 2011 and 2012. Variables pertaining to monitoring and treatment of symptoms, end-of-life discussions, circumstances around the death, and the individual characteristics of deceased individuals were explored using descriptive statistics. Results: The most common underlying causes of death among the 49,172 deceased nursing home residents were circulatory diseases (42.2%) and dementia (22.7%). The most prevalent symptom was pain (58.7%), followed by rattles (42.4%), anxiety (33.0%), confusion (21.8%), shortness of breath (14.0%), and nausea (11.1%). Pain was the symptom with the highest degree of total relief (46.3%), whereas shortness of breath and confusion were totally relieved in 6.1 and 4.3% of all individuals, respectively. The use of valid instruments for symptom assessment was reported for pain in 12.3% and for other symptoms in 7.8% of subjects. The most prevalent individual prescriptions for injection PRN (pro re nata, according to circumstances) were for pain treatment (79.5%) and rattles (72.8%). End-of-life discussions were performed with 27.3% of all the deceased individuals and with 53.9% of their relatives. Of all individuals, 82.1% had someone present at death, and 15.8% died alone. Of all the nursing home resident deaths recorded, 45.3% died in their preferred place. Significance of results: There were large variations in degree of relief from different symptoms during the final week of life. Pain was the most prevalent symptom, and it was also the symptom with the highest proportion of total/partial relief. Other symptoms were less prevalent but also less well-relieved. Our results indicate a need for improvement of palliative care in nursing home settings, focusing on management of distressing symptoms and promotion of end-of-life discussions.
Compositions Constrained by Graph Laplacian Minors

Motivated by examples of symmetrically constrained compositions, super convex partitions, and super convex compositions, we initiate the study of partitions and compositions constrained by graph Laplacian minors. We provide a complete description of the multivariate generating functions for such compositions in the case of trees. We answer a question due to Corteel, Savage, and Wilf regarding super convex compositions, which we describe as compositions constrained by Laplacian minors for cycles; we extend this solution to the study of compositions constrained by Laplacian minors of leafed cycles. Connections are established and conjectured between compositions constrained by Laplacian minors of leafed cycles of prime length and algebraic/combinatorial properties of reflexive simplices.
Investigation of Microwave Negative Refractive Index (NRI) Transmission Lines Incorporating Tunnel Diodes

We investigate microwave active metamaterial transmission lines incorporating gain devices to provide effective negative resistance. Our simulation and experimental results show that by inserting semiconductor tunnel diode at the unit-cell level, the negative phase constant of this kind of transmission line is maintained (i.e., left-handedness kept) while gain can be obtained (negative attenuation constant of transmission line) simultaneously. Important design aspects of the active metamaterial transmission lines are discussed. As a potential application, the performances of passive and active versions of a single unit-cell zeroth-order resonator antenna based on composite right-handed/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) is also compared.
Human papillomavirus‐related high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the esophagus, skin, and cervix in an adolescent lung transplant recipient: a case report and literature review

High‐risk (carcinogenic) genotype human papillomavirus (HPV) infections can be associated with significant morbidity in the immunocompromised solid organ transplant (SOT) recipient. Immunosuppression‐associated persistent infection can predispose to the development of rapidly progressive high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in this population. We present a case report of an adolescent bilateral lung transplant recipient who developed HSIL of the esophagus, cervix, and skin secondary to HPV. This review highlights the unique developmental needs of the sexually active adolescent SOT recipient and reviews guidelines for HPV‐related screening and education of this population.
Autoradiographic Localization of RNA Synthesis Directed by Arboviruses in the Cytoplasm of Infected BHK-21 Cells

Summary RNA synthesis directed by five arboviruses representing three virus groups was shown by radioautography to occur in the cytoplasm of infected BHK-21 cells and was not detected in the nucleus. EEE, a group A arbovirus (alphavirus), synthesized viral RNA in the peripheral cytoplasm, often in association with vacuoles. JBE, DEN-2, and POW (group B arboviruses or flaviviruses) synthesized viral RNA in the perinuclear area of the cytoplasm. LAX, a California group arbovirus (bunyavirus), did not manifest any particular pattern of localization within the cytoplasm.
A 7.5-Gb/s One-Tap-FFE Transmitter With Adaptive Far-End Crosstalk Cancellation Using Duty Cycle Detection

A 2.5-7.5-Gb/s transmitter with one-tap feed-forward equalizer (FFE) and adaptive far-end crosstalk (FEXT) cancellation is presented. To cancel the intersymbol interference, the one-tap FFE is also employed. A crosstalk canceller (XTC) is adapted to cancel FEXT by using inverse pulses. To cancel the FEXT due to the coupled microstrip lines with various spacing, the pulse amplitude of the XTC is digitally controlled by using the proposed duty cycle detection. The one-tap FFE and the XTC are merged together to save the power. This adaptive transmitter is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS technology. The maximum power consumption from a 1.2-V supply is 26.4 mW, and the core area occupies 0.0307 mm2 . For two 5-in FR4 printed-circuit-board traces with the spacing of 8 mil, the measured rms and peak-to-peak jitters of the recovered data are improved by 10.01 and 48.9 ps, respectively, for a 7.5-Gb/s PRBS of 27 -1 . The measured calibration time of the XTC is 1.17 μs.
Leaky-wave antenna with modified metamaterial unit cell for narrowing beam steering bandwidth

A novel unit cell of a composite right/left-handed transmission line has been proposed for application in leaky-wave antennas. It is shown that by the application of an open stub one can freely adjust the radiation frequency range in the right-hand region, and therefore, scanning of the main beam in the desired frequency range can be obtained. The results of theoretical analysis of the unit cell have been shown and confirmed by electromagnetic calculation of the proposed structure.