Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parametric Design of Aircraft Wing with Curved Leading Edge

In order to ease modelling procedures, eliminate repetitive effort and save time, modern CAD tools offer the ability to automate tasks via a programming language. Moreover, when the design is an iterative process, the automation permits updating the design variables to generate a new model at each iteration. Based on UG/OPEN GRIP functionalities, this paper aims at developing a parametric model of a curved leading edge aircraft wing. The model is built by executing a GRIP program in which wing parameter values can be assigned via a dialog box.
Observation of Diffractive W and Z Boson Production and Standard Model Higgs Boson Search in the $H \to W W \to \ell \nu \ell \nu$ Channel in $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV pp Collisions at CMS

In this thesis, two analyses using proton-proton (pp) collision data at a center of mass energy of √ s = 7 TeV, recorded with the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), are presented: The first analysis, using an integrated luminosity of 36 pb−1 of low pile-up data recorded in 2010, uses the forward energy flow and the central charged particle multiplicity in events with leptonically decaying W and Z bosons to study the effects of the underlying event model. None of the studied Monte Carlo simulations describes the observed distributions from data sufficiently. Weak boson events with no significant energy deposits in one of the forward calorimeters are observed. This corresponds to a large pseudorapidity gap (LRG) of at least 1.9 units. The fraction of W(Z) events having a LRG is found to be 1.46± 0.09(stat.)± 0.38(syst.)% (1.57± 0.25(stat.)± 0.42(syst.)%). The majority of the charged leptons from these W/Z decays are found in the hemisphere opposite to the gap. This gives a strong indication of a diffractive component in the weak boson production, and the fraction of diffractively produced W bosons is found to be 0.73± 0.34% which is in agreement with observations from the Tevatron. The second analysis presents the search for the SM Higgs boson decaying to a pair of W bosons in the fully leptonic final state. The pp collision data corresponding to a luminosity of 4.9 fb−1 recorded in 2011 are used. The W+W− event candidates are selected by requiring exactly two oppositely charged leptons and large missing transverse momentum from the escaping neutrinos. The shapes of the distributions of a multivariate discriminator are used to calculate upper limits on the SM Higgs production cross section. Different systematic uncertainties are studied in detail and included in the limit setting procedure using the 2011 dataset. The SM Higgs boson is excluded in the mass range of 134–211 GeV at the 95% confidence level. This is a slightly smaller range than the expected exclusion range of 125–230 GeV. An excess of about 2σ significance is observed in the low mass region below 140 GeV, consistent with a SM Higgs boson with a mass around 125 GeV.
Generation of novel complete HLA class I monoallelic cell lines used in an MHC stabilization assay for neoantigen evaluation

Immunogenic neoantigens derived from somatic mutations in cancer have been identified through clinical studies with the cloning of tumor-infiltrating T cells, and cancer driver gene mutation-derived epitopes have been reported; however, these are rare. At present, the validation of epitopes predicted in silico is difficult as human T-cell clonal diversity cannot be reproduced in vitro or in experimental animal models. To confirm the epitope peptides presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules predicted in silico, biochemical methods such as major histocompatibility complex (MHC) stabilization assays and mass spectrometry-mediated identification have been developed based on HLA-A*02:01 monoallelic T2 cells and HLA-C*01:02 monoallelic LCL721.221 cells. Therefore, in the present study, to prevent confusion due to peptide cross-presentation among HLA molecules, HLA class I monoallelic B-cell clones were generated from the TISI cell line by knocking out HLA-ABC and TAP2, and knocking in HLA alleles. To explore cancer driver mutations as potential targets for immunotherapy, exome sequencing data from 5,143 patients with cancer enrolled in a comprehensive genome analysis project at the Shizuoka Cancer Center were used to identify somatic amino acid substituted mutations and the 50 most frequent mutations in five genes, TP53, EGFR, PIK3CA, KRAS and BRAF, were identified. Using NetMHC4.1, the present study predicted whether epitopes derived from these mutations are presented on major HLA-ABC alleles in Japanese individuals and synthesized 138 peptides for MHC stabilization assays. The authors also attempted to examine the candidate epitopes at physiological temperatures by using antibody clone G46-2.6, which can detect HLA-ABC, independent of β2-microglobulin association. In the assays, although the peptide-induced HLA expression levels were associated with the predicted affinities, the respective HLA alleles exhibited varying degrees of responsiveness, and unexpectedly, p53-mutant epitopes with predicted weak affinities exhibited strong responses. These results suggested that MHC stabilization assays using completely monoallelic HLA-expressing B-cell lines are useful for evaluating the presentation of neoantigen epitopes.
Extracellular Acidification Augments NLRP3-Mediated Inflammasome Signaling in Macrophages

Inflammation is a series of host defense processes in response to microbial infection and tissue injury. Inflammatory processes frequently cause extracellular acidification in the inflamed region through increased glycolysis and lactate secretion. Therefore, the immune cells infiltrating the inflamed region encounter an acidic microenvironment. Extracellular acidosis can modulate the innate immune response of macrophages; however, its role for inflammasome signaling still remains elusive. In the present study, we demonstrated that macrophages exposed to an acidic microenvironment exhibited enhanced caspase-1 processing and IL-1β secretion compared with those under physiological pH. Moreover, exposure to an acidic pH increased the ability of macrophages to assemble the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in response to an NLRP3 agonist. This acidosis-mediated augmentation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation occurred in bone marrow-derived macrophages but not in bone marrow-derived neutrophils. Notably, exposure to an acidic environment caused a reduction in the intracellular pH of macrophages but not neutrophils. Concordantly, macrophages, but not neutrophils, exhibited NLRP3 agonist-mediated translocation of chloride intracellular channel protein 1 (CLIC1) into their plasma membranes under an acidic microenvironment. Collectively, our results demonstrate that extracellular acidosis during inflammation can increase the sensitivity of NLRP3 inflammasome formation and activation in a CLIC1-dependent manner. Thus, CLIC1 may be a potential therapeutic target for NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pathological conditions.
Numerical Blow-up for A Heat Equation with Nonlinear Boundary Conditions

We study numerical approximations of solutions of a heat equation with nonlinear boundary conditions which produce blow-up of the solutions. By a semidiscretization using a finite difference scheme in the space variable we get a system of ordinary differential equations which is an approximation of the original problem. We obtain sufficient conditions which guarantee the blow-up solution of this system in a finite time. We also show that this blow-up time converges to the theoretical one when the mesh size goes to zero. We present some numerical results to illustrate certain point of our work.
Recurrences and progression following microsurgery of vestibular schwannoma

Background The treatment approach of vestibular schwannoma (VS) has seen a change in recent years, with a trend away from radical surgery towards preservation of cranial nerve function. A recent study reported recurrences as long as 20 years after complete removal of VS. Objective To report the risk of recurrence and progression in our patient population the authors retrospectively reviewed outcomes of patients. Methods Cases with unilateral VS who had undergone primary microsurgery via retrosigmoidal approach between 1995 and 2021 were investigated. Complete tumor removal was defined as gross total resection (GTR), a capsular remnant was categorized as near total resection (NTR) and residual tumor was designated as subtotal resection (STR). The primary endpoint was radiological recurrence-free survival. Results 386 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study and were evaluated. GTR was achieved in 284 patients (73.6%), NTR was achieved in 63 patients (10.1%) and STR was present in 39 patients (16.3%). A total of 28 patients experienced recurrences with significant differences in the three subgroups. The strongest predictor of recurrence was the extent of resection, with patients who underwent STR having an almost 10-fold higher risk of recurrence and patients who had undergone NTR having an almost 3-fold higher risk than those treated with GTR. More than 20% of recurrences (6/28) occured after more than 5 years. Conclusion The degree of resection is an important guide to the interval of follow-up, but long-term follow-up should be considered also in the case of GTR. The majority of recurrences occurs after 3–5 years. Nevertheless, a follow-up of at least 10 years should be carried out.
URAT South Parallax Results

We present 916 trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions of newly discovered nearby stars from the United States Naval Observatory Robotic Astrometric Telescope (URAT). Observations were taken at the Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory over a 2-year period from 2015 to 2017 October covering the entire sky south of about +25° decl. SPM4 and UCAC4 early epoch catalog data were added to extend the temporal coverage for the parallax and proper motion fit up to 48 years. Using these new URAT parallaxes, optical and near-IR photometry from the AAVSO Photometric All-Sky Survey and Two Micron All-Sky Survey catalogs, we identify possible new nearby dwarfs, young stars, low-metallicity subdwarfs and white dwarfs. Comparison to known trigonometric parallaxes shows a high quality of the URAT-based results confirming the error in parallax of the URAT south parallaxes reported here to be between 2 and 13 mas. We also include additional 729 trigonometric parallaxes from the URAT north 25 pc sample published in Finch & Zacharias here after applying the same criterion as for the southern sample to have a complete URAT 25 pc sample presented in this paper.
Terahertz surface plasmons propagation through periodically tilted pillars and control on directional properties

We investigate a terahertz (THz) plasmonic waveguide using periodically arranged tilted pillars and control the propagation properties of the guided modes with the bending of pillars. A metal surface approximated as a perfect electrical conductor at terahertz frequencies is periodically corrugated with sub-wavelength scale tilted pillars thereby forming a plasmonic waveguide. The tilted pillars plasmonic waveguide supports highly confined guided terahertz modes at specific frequencies depending upon the pillar dimensions. We confirm the propagation of terahertz modes through a semi-analytical model that we employ specifically for our geometry. We observe that the propagation properties of the terahertz modes can be controlled by changing the bending of the pillars. We have examined in detail, the propagation properties of the guided modes for different angles and direction through which the pillars are tilted. We further examine terahertz waveguides comprising of pillars with increasing height and investigate their ability in confining terahertz waves at a certain position where the resonant frequency of a pillar matches with the incident frequency.
Inhibition of KMO Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia Injury via Maintaining Mitochondrial Fusion and Fission Balance

Looking for early diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets is the key to ensuring prompt treatment of myocardial ischemia (MI). Here, a novel biomarker xanthurenic acid (XA) was identified based on metabolomics and exhibited high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of MI patients. Additionally, the elevation of XA was proved to induce myocardial injury in vivo by promoting myocardial apoptosis and ferroptosis. Combining metabolomics and transcriptional data further revealed that kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) profoundly increased in MI mice, and was closely associated with the elevation of XA. More importantly, pharmacological or heart-specific inhibition of KMO obviously suppressed the elevation of XA and profoundly ameliorated the OGD-induced cardiomyocytes injury and the ligation-induced MI injury. Mechanistically, KMO inhibition effectively restrained myocardial apoptosis and ferroptosis by modulating mitochondrial fission and fusion. In addition, virtual screening and experimental validation were adopted to identify ginsenoside Rb3 as a novel inhibitor of KMO and exhibited great cardioprotective effects by regulating mitochondrial dynamical balance. Taken together, targeting KMO may provide a new approach for the clinical treatment of MI through maintaining mitochondrial fusion and fission balance, and ginsenoside Rb3 showed great potential to be developed as a novel therapeutic drug targeting KMO.
Robust designs for wavelet approximations of nonlinear models

The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis, and except as hereinbefore provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material from whatever without the author's prior written permission. The undersigned certify that they have read, and recommend to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research for acceptance, a thesis entitled Robust Designs for Wavelet Approximations of Nonlinear Models submitted by Alwell Julius Oyet in partial ful¯llment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Statistics. Abstract We consider the construction of designs for the general nonlinear model. Using multiresolution analysis in wavelet theory, the classical nonlinear design problem is transformed into a robust design problem foràpproximately linear' models with orthonormal wavelet basis on the design space S as regressors. The minimax approach is used to construct designs which are robust against small departures from the ¯nite wavelet representation of the general nonlinear model. We ¯nd that the D-optimal design obtained by Herzberg and Traves (1994) is also G-, Q-and A-optimal (in the classical sense) if the Haar wavelet basis is used in the approximation. We provide a proof which we feel is simpler than that of Herzberg and Traves (1994). On the other hand, if the multiwavelets with N = 2 is used, the design which chooses more points in a neighbourhood of the midpoint of the design space and a few at the extremes is shown to be Q-and D-optimal in the simplest case. Using the nonparametric local averaging procedure with positive but unknown weights, we construct optimal weights and designs under the restriction unbiasedness. We show that under this constraint, the ordinary least squares method is optimal in estimating the parameters of the Haar regression model. In other words, the optimal weight and design obtained were each uniform. For the general N = 2 multiwavelet regression model, we show that the optimal weight and design density are concave and convex paraboloids respectively in each of the 2 (m+1) intervals of the design space S = [0; 1] with maximum points at the midpoints and minimum points at the endpoints of each interval. We also show that the design is symmetric about the midpoint of the design space. Strategies for implementing the designs are discussed. The question of how well these wavelets approximate nonlinear models is also …
Measurements of Gilbert damping parameter α for CoPt-based and CoFe-based films for magnetic recording applications

Time-resolved MOKE (TRMOKE) and Q-band ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) are used to evaluate the damping parameter α and the magnetic anisotropy field (where K is the uniaxial anisotropy constant and is the saturation magnetization) of CoPtX–Y and CoPtX (where X is non-magnetic element and Y denotes oxide(s)) granular alloys with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and variable Co/Pt atomic ratio R. It is found that α monotonically increases in the range of 0.03–0.07 with decreasing R in the range of 2.5–5.5. By comparing the CoPtX films sputter-deposited in Ar and in Ar+O2 atmosphere, it is found that α is less sensitive than HK to the presence of non-magnetic additives (Cr, B) in the grain core. This suggests that α is much less sensitive than K to perturbations of d-electron band structure. FMR and TRMOKE are also used to evaluate α of magnetically soft CoFeX alloys. It is shown that adding 2 at. % Tb to CoFeX leads to an increase of α from 0.012 (undoped case) to 0.048, and a negative shift of the resonance field which is linearly dependent on the RF frequency. This effect, similar to that previously reported on Tb-doped NiFe films, is attributed to the highly anisotropic Tb 4f–5d exchange coupling. A synthetic-antiferromagnetic trilayer CoFeX (7 nm)/Ru (0.8 nm)/CoFeX (7 nm) is investigated by FMR. The interlayer RKKY coupling constant, evaluated from the frequency shift between the acoustic (symmetric) and optic (antisymmetric) resonance modes is JEX = 0.11 erg cm−2. The α value corresponding to the acoustic mode (0.016) matches that of a single-layer CoFeX film whereas the optic mode shows a higher α (0.0265). This is interpreted to be a consequence of spin-pumping through the Ru interlayer. The evaluated spin mixing conductance for the CoFeX/Ru interface is = 22.5 nm−2.
Annealing effects on MgZnO films and applications in Schottky-barrier photodetectors

In this paper, MgZnO films were annealed at various temperatures (700–900 °C) and their effects on the electrical characteristics of Schottky-barrier photodetectors (SB-PDs) were studied. We show that the content of Mg atom increases with annealing temperature. On 900 °C annealing, the Mg content is determined to be as high as 49.2 at. %. However, no cubic-phase MgZnO segregation occurs in such high-temperature annealed MgZnO films, revealing the MgZnO film grown by radio-frequency sputtering is rather stable. Moreover, high-temperature (900 °C) annealing results in denser MgZnO film and smaller gap between the grains, leading to higher mobility and lower sheet resistance compared with low-temperature annealed MgZnO films. The enhanced performance results in the 900 °C annealed SB-PD exhibiting higher rectification ratio of 326 compared to the 800 °C annealed SB-PD that has a rectification ratio only 40. Further, lower sheet resistance reduces the turn-on voltage from >200 V (for SB-PD with as-deposited MgZnO film) to 0.4 V (for SB-PD with 900°C annealed MgZnO film). Even at low (−10 V) bias-voltage, the 900 °C annealed SB-PD presents the highest ultraviolet (UV) responsivity (0.088 A/W) and UV-visible rejection ratio (2264) compared with the SB-PDs with low-temperature annealed MgZnO films at very high (−100 V) bias-voltage.
Broadband low‐profile transmitarray antenna using three‐dimensional cross dipole elements

This article presents a novel transmitarray antenna using three‐dimensional frequency selective structures as the radiating elements. The proposed unit cell, which consists of two cascaded cross dipoles, has a thickness of 0. 22λ0 and provides a 310° transmission phase range with transmission magnitude equal or better than −0.8 dB. Compared with those conventional transmitarray antennas, the proposed one can realize greater flexibility in the installation with less manufacturing complexity. For the purpose of validation, a transmitarray prototype using the proposed elements has been manufactured and tested at X‐band. The peak gain of 25.5 dB is achieved at the frequency of 10 GHz, resulting in an aperture efficiency of 64%. Besides, antenna bandwidth of 10% for 1‐dB gain is achieved in this design.
The empirical Christoffel function with applications in Machine Learning

We illustrate the potential applications in machine learning of the Christoffel function, or more precisely, its empirical counterpart associated with a counting measure uniformly supported on a finite set of points. Firstly, we provide a thresholding scheme which allows to approximate the support of a measure from a finite subset of its moments with strong asymptotic guaranties. Secondly, we provide a consistency result which relates the empirical Christoffel function and its population counterpart in the limit of large samples. Finally, we illustrate the relevance of our results on simulated and real world datasets for several applications in statistics and machine learning: (a) density and support estimation from finite samples, (b) outlier and novelty detection and (c) affine matching.
Universality of the fundamental diagram in pedestrian dynamics. A study based on social force models.

The so-called fundamental diagram has been a constant in the study of pedestrian dynamics from its origins to the present day. Yet, there is no consensus about the particular form of this function and not sufficient evidence for it to display universality. In this work, a study of the fundamental diagram in different pedestrian facility sets by means of social force models is carried out. Results suggest the fundamental diagram predicted by the social force models used cannot be considered fundamental or universal since its functional shape crucially depends on the geometry of the facility.
Autocorrelation bias still exists in fMRI results

Given the recent trend towards validating the neuroimaging statistical methods, we compared the most popular functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis softwares: AFNI, FSL and SPM, with regard to temporal autocorrelation modelling. We used both resting state and task-based fMRI data, altogether 10 datasets containing 780 scans corresponding to different scanning sequences and different subject populations. In analyses of each fMRI scan we considered different assumed experimental designs, as well as different spatial smoothing levels and different detrending options. For data used as null data the use of FSL and SPM resulted in much higher false positive rates than the use of AFNI. On the other hand, due to SPM modelling temporal autocorrelation in the least flexible way, it can introduce negative autocorrelations during pre-whitening for scans with long repetition times. For one dataset we observed a big loss of sensitivity when SPM was used. Interestingly, because pre-whitening in FSL and SPM does not remove a substantial part of the temporal autocorrelation in the noise, we observed a relationship that the lower the assumed experimental design frequency, the more likely it was to observe significant activation. Though temporal autocorrelation modelling in AFNI was not perfect, its performance was much higher than the performance of temporal autocorrelation modelling in FSL and SPM. FSL and SPM could improve their autocorrelation modelling approaches for example adopting a noise model similar to the one used by AFNI.