Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Programmable Bitstream Parser for Multiple Video Coding Standards

Bitstream parsing is a basic task in video decoding systems. With the development of video compression standards, the trend of the VLSI architecture for bitstream parser is toward programmable. Due to the strong data-dependency and bit-level sequential operations, bitstream parsing is unsuitable to accelerate by general architectures, such as RISC, SIMD and VLIW processors. This paper proposes a programmable bitstream parser for multiple video coding standards on embedded RISC processors. The proposed design presents an extension instruction set to accelerate some kernel functions of bitstream parsing. As a result, the proposed bitstream parser can decode every syntax element per cycle. The synthesis result shows that at the clock constraint of 150MHz, the hardware cost is about 7K gates of logic and 2k byte RAM under a 0.1 mu;m CMOS technology
The late positive potential: a neurophysiological marker for emotion regulation in children.

BACKGROUND The ability to modulate emotional responses, or emotion regulation, is a key mechanism in the development of mood disruptions. Detection of a neural marker for emotion regulation thus has the potential to inform early detection and intervention for mood problems. One such neural marker may be the late positive potential (LPP), which is a scalp-recorded event-related potential reflecting facilitated attention to emotional stimuli. In adults, the LPP is reduced following use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies such as reappraisal. No studies to date have examined the LPP in relation to cognitive emotion regulation in children, and whether the LPP is related to parent-report measures of emotion regulation and mood disruptions. METHODS To examine this question, high-density electroencephalograph (EEG) was recorded from 20 children (M age = 87.8 months, SD = 18.02; 10 girls) while they viewed unpleasant emotional pictures following either a directed negative or neutral interpretation of the picture. RESULTS As predicted, the LPP was smaller following neutral versus negative interpretations at posterior recording sites, except for younger girls (aged 5-6). The timing of this effect was later than that reported in studies with adults. For all children, greater modulation of the LPP by neutral interpretations was associated with reduced anxious-depressed symptoms, whereas larger LPPs for both interpretation types were associated with greater mood symptoms and worse parent-reported emotion regulation. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that the LPP may represent a clinically relevant neural marker for emotion regulation and mood disruptions.
Maximization of a dissimilarity measure for multimodal optimization

Many practical problems are described by an objective-function with the intent to optimize a single goal. This leads to the important research topic of nonlinear optimization, that seeks to create algorithms and computational methods that are capable of finding a global optimum of such functions. But, many functions are multimodal, having many different global optima. Also, given the impossibility to create an exact model of a real-world problem, not every global (or local) optima is feaseable to be conceived. As such, it is interesting to find as many alternative optima in order to find one that is feaseable given unmodelled constraints. This paper proposes a methodology that, given a local optimum, it finds nearby local optima with similar objective-function values. This is performed by maximizing the approximation error of a Linear Interpolation of the function. The experiments show promising results regarding the number of detected peaks when compared to the state-of-the-art, though requiring a higher number of function evaluations on average.
Solution Bases of Multiterminal Cut Problems

Gomory and Hu proved that the $\left{n\atop 2}\right$ maxflow problems in an undirected network have at most n-1 distinct solution values. We generalize their theorems in several ways. An interesting special case is that the On4 2-commodity maxflow problems on an undirected network have at most $\left{n\atop 2}\right$ distinct solution values. These results follow from general theorems on the number of distinct solution values to sets of optimization problems. We then show how the solutions can be compactly represented by a basis of the solution matrix A, where aij = 1 if solution j is feasible for problem i, and aij = 0 otherwise. For the special case of the 2-cut problem we also show how to construct such a representation efficiently.
Istanbul as a world city: a cultural perspective

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the process by which Istanbul is transforming into a world city, examining the impact of the recent growth of cultural activities in the city.Design/methodology/approach – The study focuses on the cultural and creative aspects of Istanbul, with reference to its history, multiculturalism and recent developments in the international cultural arena. Istanbul represents an interesting case to examine the development of a city to achieve world‐class status, despite its historical significance as a center of trade and culture in the ancient world, its current globalization and development are fairly recent.Findings – Developments in recent years from a cultural, as well as an economic perspective provide some indication that Istanbul is transforming into a world city. However, the ability of the city to influence international cultural circles is limited by the reduced demand for cultural products by residents. Nevertheless, Istanbul's multiculturalism, history .
Planning Accelerated Sequential Tests for a Step-Stress Model

Conventional reliability demonstration test based on statistical method is widely used in industry as it is simple and convenient to apply. But for the products with high reliability and long life, this test method fails to satisfy the demand for short cycle and low cost, and is liable to cause the phenomenon of over-test and short-test. This paper gives a step-stress accelerated sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) plan assuming the Weibull distribution, making it faster to make decision of accept or reject. By raising the levels of stresses applied to the test product in a specified discrete sequence, the test time can be cut down remarkably. Based on the SPRT method of normal stress level and the linearly cumulative exposure model, the step-stress accelerated sequential test methods and the decision method are discussed. An example is given to illustrate specific application and the superior performance of the proposed method over traditional methods.
Introduction to Groups of Finite Morley Rank

Dimension, along with metric, topology, measure, etc., is one of the most basic mathematical concepts. It is also one of the oldest notions of Mathematics and can be traced back to Euclid. Besides the well-known use in Geometry and Topology, various versions of dimension have proved useful in Model Theory, in Combinatorics (the study of large highly transitive permutation groups CherlinLachlan [21], Knight-Lachlan [34]) and Number Theory (in the proof of the Mordell-Lang conjecture for function fields Hrushovski [30]). Existence of a dimension theory for a certain class of mathematical objects imposes very strong restrictions on this class. For example, Hrushovski and Zil’ber have shown that the entire Algebraic Geometry can be reconstructed from an appropriate dimension theory [31, 32, 48]. The notion of Morley rank is a general notion of dimension as it emerged in Model Theory in the study of so-called א1-categorical structures (see Section 2 for a brief discussion of א1-categoricity). The best way to introduce Morley rank is to use an analogy with measure. We know that measure is a countably additive function μ : Σ −→ R≥0 ∪∞
Improved Cyclability of Liquid Electrolyte Lithium/Sulfur Batteries by Optimizing Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratio

A liquid electrolyte lithium/sulfur (Li/S) cell is a liquid electrochemical system. In discharge, sulfur is first reduced to highly soluble Li 2 S 8 , which dissolves into the organic electrolyte and serves as the liquid cathode. In solution, lithium polysulfide (PS) undergoes a series of complicated disproportionations, whose chemical equilibriums vary with the PS concentration and affect the cell’s performance. Since the PS concentration relates to a certain electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratio, there is an optimized E/S ratio for the cyclability of each Li/S cell system. In this work, we study the optimized E/S ratio by measuring the cycling performance of Li/S cells, and propose an empirical method for determination of the optimized E/S ratio. By employing an electrolyte of 0.25 m LiSO 3 CF 3 -0.25 m LiNO 3 dissolved in a 1:1 (wt:wt) mixture of dimethyl ether (DME) and 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) in an optimized E/S ratio, we show that the Li/S cell with a cathode containing 72% sulfur and 2 mg cm − 2 sulfur loading is able to retain a specific capacity of 780 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at 0.5 mA cm −2 between 1.7 V and 2.8 V.
Chemical shift MR images of the parotid gland in Sjögren's syndrome utilizing low-field MR system comparison with MR sialography and salivary secretion function.

PURPOSE To compare chemical shift imaging and MR sialography in patients with Sjögren's syndrome utilizing a low (0.3 Tesla) magnetic field. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 8 controls (16 glands) and 30 patients (60 glands) with parotitis of Sjögren's syndrome. MR images were obtained with a 0.3 Tesla system (HITACHI MRP-7000, Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) with a coil for the temporomandibular joint. MR sialography was graded according to the grading system established for conventional sialography. The signal decrease rate between in- and opposed-phase images, and the standard deviation (S.D.) of the parotid parenchymal signal in opposed-phase images were measured. RESULTS MR sialography and chemical shift images were obtained in 38 and 46 glands, respectively. MR sialography was graded as 0 in 15, 1 in 12, 2 in 4, and 3 in 5 glands. The mean signal decrease rate in in/opposed phase was 37.6%, and the mean S.D. of the parotid parenchymal signal in the opposed-phase images was 655.9. The salivary secretion function was related to heterogeneity on opposed phase (r=-0.3) but not to MR sialography grading. CONCLUSION Heterogeneity on opposed-phase images assessable with a low-field magnet system may be a useful parameter to add in the evaluation of Sjögren's parotitis.
Possibilities of non-pharmacological conservative treatment of epilepsy

This study set out to assess the effect of non-pharmacological conservative (NPC) interventions as alternatives to antiepileptic pharmacotherapy. A prospective follow-up cohort study was conducted in an outpatient seizure clinic of a referral center for epilepsy. Twenty-five patients (nine males, 16 females) aged 16-45, with at least two well-described epileptic seizures, were included who had rejected antiepileptic pharmacotherapy. Twelve had idiopathic generalized epilepsy, 11 had symptomatic or cryptogenic localization-related epilepsy, and two had epilepsy with generalized and focal signs. Twenty-three of the patients were followed for more than 2 years. The patients were treated with arrest after focal seizure onset (2 cases), sensory protection against reflex seizures (3 cases), avoidance of non-specific seizure-precipitating factors ('life hygiene', 16 cases), and/or miscellaneous interventions (8 cases). The main outcome measures were complete seizure control (more than 2 years) or sufficient improvement to continue with NPC treatment alone. Eight of the 23 patients were completely seizure free for more than 4 years, and three were sufficiently improved to continue NPC treatment without drugs. Trends were observed for patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsies with less than seven convulsive seizures, and with only one seizure type to respond better to NPC treatment. The duration of epilepsy, and the finding of generalized epileptiform discharge in the EEG had no influence on the outcome. Rational NPC treatments which are aimed at specific factors in the precipitation and development of epileptic seizures can be useful therapeutic alternatives for patients with milder forms of epilepsy. Apart from photosensitive patients, those most likely to profit are patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy, a maximum of six generalized tonic-clonic seizures which were precipitated by lack of sleep or excessive alcohol intake, and with no or rare concomitant absences. In such cases, NPC treatment may be as effective as pharmacotherapy and gives the patient a positive experience of regained self-control.
Rethinking Gentrification: Beyond the Uneven Development of Marxist Urban Theory

In this paper, I make a critical assessment of the ways that issues relating to the ‘gentrification’ of inner-city neighbourhoods have been conceptualised, especially in North America, in both positivist and extant marxist work, I aim to rethink the processes generating ‘gentrification’ and ‘gentrifiers' and our ‘ways of seeing’ the results of these processes, First, I address epistemological problems of neoclassical and marxist approaches to this subject. Second, I critically appraise the problématique of marxist work on gentrification, emphasising its lack of attention to the interrelationships of employment restructuring and changes in the reproduction of labour power. From this, I argue that gentrification is a ‘chaotic concept’ and that the processes and elements it comprises need to be thought through again. I begin tills task by attempting to disaggregate the concept with empirical reference to North American metropolitan inner cities, I hypothesise that the upsurge of renovation activity by and for moderate-income households and those with so-called alternative life-styles is produced by the interaction of changes in production and reproduction. Further research is needed in this area. Finally, I explore the possibility that such ‘marginal gentrifiers' and those they now displace may have similar needs that could be met by different kinds of neighbourhood revitalisation.
Classifying cells for cancer diagnosis using neural networks

A computer-based system for diagnosing bladder cancer is described. Typically, an object falls into one of two classes: Well or Not-well. The Well class contains the cells that will actually be useful for diagnosing bladder cancer; the Not-well class includes everything else. Several descriptive features are extracted from each object in the image and then fed to a multilayer perceptron, which classifies them as Well or Not-well. The perceptron's superior classification abilities reduces the number of computer misclassification errors to a level tolerable for clinical use. Also, the perceptron's parallelism and other aspects of this implementation lend it to extremely fast computation, thus providing accurate classification at an acceptable speed. <<ETX>>
Fault-tolerant parallel programming with atomic actions

The Pact (parallel actions) parallel programming environment provides an easy-to-use parallel execution and synchronization model based on task parallelization. To give the programmer an abstraction for global data (even on distributed memory machines) the Pact runtime system uses virtual shared memory. Execution's efficiency is improved with data-dependent dynamic load balancing and latency-masking by multithreaded servers. Fault tolerance in Pact is based on atomic actions and is guaranteed by the runtime system in a fully user-transparent way. This article describes the Pact runtime system's design together with its logging and recovery algorithms for an implementation on a massively parallel distributed memory computer.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Rebamipide Eyedrop Administration on Ocular Lesions in a Murine Model of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome

Background Topical therapy is effective for dry eye, and its prolonged effects should help in maintaining the quality of life of patients with dry eye. We previously reported that the oral administration of rebamipide (Reb), a mucosal protective agent, had a potent therapeutic effect on autoimmune lesions in a murine model of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). However, the effects of topical treatment with Reb eyedrops on the ocular lesions in the murine model of SS are unknown. Methods and Finding Reb eyedrops were administered to the murine model of SS aged 4–8 weeks four times daily. Inflammatory lesions of the extraorbital and intraorbital lacrimal glands and Harderian gland tissues were histologically evaluated. The direct effects of Reb on the lacrimal glands were analyzed using cultured lacrimal gland cells. Tear secretions of Reb-treated mice were significantly increased compared with those of untreated mice. In addition to the therapeutic effect of Reb treatment on keratoconjunctivitis, severe inflammatory lesions of intraorbital lacrimal gland tissues in this model of SS were resolved. The mRNA expression levels of IL-10 and mucin 5Ac in conjunctival tissues from Reb-treated mice was significantly increased compared with those of control mice. Moreover, lactoferrin production from lacrimal gland cells was restored by Reb treatment. Conclusion Topical Reb administration had an anti-inflammatory effect on the ocular autoimmune lesions in the murine model of SS and a protective effect on the ocular surfaces.
Adolescent Maltreatment and Delinquency: The Question of Intervening Processes

A substantial body of research indicates that adolescent maltreatment, like child maltreatment, is associated with elevated levels of delinquency. Criminologists typically account for this relationship by invoking one of three dominant frameworks in criminological theory: “Social control” theorists contend that adolescent maltreatment disrupts important delinquency-inhibiting ties; “social learning” theorists emphasize the deviant values and patterns of behavior that are learned from those that administer maltreatment; whereas “social-psychological strain” theorists emphasize the criminogenic emotions likely to arise among maltreated adolescents, such as anger and resentment. This study uses national survey data to assess the relative merits of these competing explanations. The results provide limited support for all three explanations. The findings are discussed in terms of the need for a more general and complex understanding of the adolescent maltreatment-delinquency relationship.
Discourse as Social Interaction

Discourse as Interaction in Society - Teun A van Dijk Discourse Pragmatics - Shoshana Blum-Kulka Conversation Analysis - Anita Pomerantz and B J Fehr Institutional Dialogue - Paul Drew and Marja-Leena Soronjen Gender in Discourse - Cheris Kramarae, Candace West and Michelle Lazar Discourse, Ethnicity, Culture and Racism - Teun A van Dijk et al Organizational Discourse - Dennis Mumby and Robin Clair Discourse and Politics - Paul Chilton and Christina Sch[um]affner Discourse and Culture - Anna Wierzbicka and Cliff Goddard Critical Discourse Analysis - Norman Fairclough and Ruth Wodak Applied Discourse Analysis - Britt-Louise Gunnarsson
Computation of Maass waveforms with nontrivial multiplier systems

The aim of this paper is to describe efficient algorithms for computing Maass waveforms on subgroups of the modular group PSL(2, Z) with general multiplier systems and real weight. A selection of numerical results obtained with these algorithms is also presented. Certain operators acting on the spaces of interest are also discussed. The specific phenomena that were investigated include the Shimura correspondence for Maass waveforms and the behavior of the weight-k Laplace spectra for the modular surface as the weight approaches 0.
A Heteromeric Plastidic Pyruvate Kinase Complex Involved in Seed Oil Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis[W]

Glycolysis is a ubiquitous pathway thought to be essential for the production of oil in developing seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana and oil crops. Compartmentation of primary metabolism in developing embryos poses a significant challenge for testing this hypothesis and for the engineering of seed biomass production. It also raises the question whether there is a preferred route of carbon from imported photosynthate to seed oil in the embryo. Plastidic pyruvate kinase catalyzes a highly regulated, ATP-producing reaction of glycolysis. The Arabidopsis genome encodes 14 putative isoforms of pyruvate kinases. Three genes encode subunits α, β1, and β2 of plastidic pyruvate kinase. The plastid enzyme prevalent in developing seeds likely has a subunit composition of 4α4β1, is most active at pH 8.0, and is inhibited by Glu. Disruption of the gene encoding the β1 subunit causes a reduction in plastidic pyruvate kinase activity and 60% reduction in seed oil content. The seed oil phenotype is fully restored by expression of the β1 subunit–encoding cDNA and partially by the β2 subunit–encoding cDNA. Therefore, the identified pyruvate kinase catalyzes a crucial step in the conversion of photosynthate into oil, suggesting a preferred plastid route from its substrate phosphoenolpyruvate to fatty acids.
Research on Change of Heart Rate Variability and Psychological Scale by Sasang Constitution according to before and after of the Meditation Programs (α version)

Objectives: In this study, the meditation programs ( version), which are properly coordinated according to the motion, breathing, and relaxation, are evaluated and researched upon to have positive effects on stress and in the area of psychology. Methods: Approved by the Clinical Trials Deliberation Committee in Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Ilsan Hospital, this study collected data according to the applicant`s consents, demographic information and anthropometry for the Sasang Constitutional diagnosis. Sasang Constitutional diagnosis measured the beta tools by Institute of Oriental Medicine and a decision tree was made for the Sasang Constitutional questionnaires. The STAI, STAXI, BDI, and HRV were measured before and after the meditation in order to compare the effects of meditation according to Sasang Constitution. The HRV was used as a ProComP KM Tech (co). Results: 1) The positive changes available in the Time-domain analysis of heart rate variability assessment showed that the peace of mind is increased. By analyzing the Sasang constitution, So-eum In`s peace of mind included a physical stability of the autonomic nervous system. 2) According to the psychological scale evaluation, each depression scale, trait anger, anger-in, state anxiety and trait anxiety index proved significantly positive effects. By analyzing the Sasang constitution, Eun-In which involved So-eum In and Tae-eum In, had positive effects. 3) The psychological scale changed the group of diagnosed depression or anxiety, it did not mean that the psychological scale changes in the depression group, but the index of the anxiety group had been significantly reduced. This program had clinical effects for anxious patients and Eum-In which involved Tae-eum In and So-eum In according to the analysis of Sasang constitution. 4) Correlations between the gender of each psychological scale showed that women have overall low correlations, but, there were no significant changes. Conclusions: The meditation program developed by adequately mixing Action, relaxation and breathing shows that it is effective for overall Eum-in physical and mental relaxation and concentration. In the future, It will have to be developed Meditation program to show the same effect for all people.