Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
KEEL Data-Mining Software Tool: Data Set Repository, Integration of Algorithms and Experimental Analysis Framework

(Knowledge Extraction based onEvolutionary Learning) tool, an open source software that supports datamanagement and a designer of experiments. KEEL pays special attentionto the implementation of evolutionary learning and soft computing basedtechniques for Data Mining problems including regression, classiﬁcation,clustering, pattern mining and so on.The aim of this paper is to present three new aspects of KEEL: KEEL-dataset, a data set repository which includes the data set partitions in theKEELformatandshowssomeresultsofalgorithmsinthesedatasets; someguidelines for including new algorithms in KEEL, helping the researcherstomaketheirmethodseasilyaccessibletootherauthorsandtocomparetheresults of many approaches already included within the KEEL software;and a module of statistical procedures developed in order to provide to theresearcher a suitable tool to contrast the results obtained in any experimen-talstudy.Acaseofstudyisgiventoillustrateacompletecaseofapplicationwithin this experimental analysis framework.
The polymerase chain reaction. A new method of using molecular genetics for medical diagnosis.

THE development of molecular genetics, both as a self-contained field and as a body of techniques broadly useful in biologic investigation, has had a profound influence on medical research. The beneficiaries include every discipline in basic science and, at least indirectly, most clinical and applied medical disciplines. Certain technical milestones can be identified over the past several decades that have been particularly important in the progress of the field. One is the discovery of restriction endonucleases, which together with the development of DNA ligation and transformation procedures, led to the ability to clone and thus propagate genes of any organism .
Hyperbolic FRFT-FBMC for 5G signals

This study considers a novel type of signal for 5G communications based on filter bank multi-carrier-quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC-QAM). In this new method, the innovative type of fractional Fourier transform on the basis of hyperbolic chirps that denominated as hyperbolic fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) is implemented. The closed form of bit error probability of the introduced signal in Rayleigh and Rician selective fading channels is derived. According to simulations results, utilisation of the HFRFT-FBMC system can attain the better bit error probability in noisy channels, especially in the scenarios of high Doppler frequency rates. Furthermore, the result of calculations with simulations is evaluated.
Time Instability of the U.S. Monetary System: Multiple Break Tests and Reduced Rank TVP VAR

Earlier attempts to find evidence of time varying coefficients in the U.S. monetary vector autoregression have been only partially successful. Structural break tests applied to typical data sets often fail to reject the null hypothesis of no break. Bayesian inferences using time varying parameter vector autoregressions provide posterior median values that capture some important movements over time, but the associated confidence intervals are often very wide and make the entire results less conclusive. We apply recently developed multiple structural break tests and find statistically significant evidence of time varying coefficients. We also develop a reduced rank time varying parameter vector autoregression with multivariate stochastic volatility. Our model has a smaller number of free parameters thereby yielding tighter confidence intervals than previously employed unrestricted time varying parameter models.
Ptolemy II, Heterogeneous Concurrent Modeling and Design in JAVA

Abstract : The Ptolemy project studied heterogeneous modeling, simulation, and design of concurrent systems. The focus is on embedded systems, particularly those that mix technologies including, for example, analog and digital electronics, hardware and software, and electronics and mechanical devices (including MEMS, microelectromechanical systems). The focus is also on systems that are complex in the sense that they mix widely different operations such as signal processing, feedback control, sequential decision making, and user interfaces.
Communication for Generating Correlation: A Survey

The task of manipulating correlated random variables in a distributed setting has received attention in the fields of both Information Theory and Computer Science. Often shared correlations can be converted, using a little amount of communication, into perfectly shared uniform random variables. Such perfect shared randomness, in turn, enables the solutions of many tasks. Even the reverse conversion of perfectly shared uniform randomness into variables with a desired form of correlation turns out to be insightful and technically useful. In this survey article, we describe progress-to-date on such problems and lay out pertinent measures, achievability results, limits of performance, and point to new directions.
Real-time Voltage Control Using Deep Reinforcement Learning

Modern distribution grids are currently being challenged by frequent and sizable voltage fluctuations, due mainly to the increasing deployment of electric vehicles and renewable generators. Existing approaches to maintaining bus voltage magnitudes within the desired region can cope with either traditional utility-owned devices (e.g., shunt capacitors), or contemporary smart inverters that come with distributed generation units (e.g., photovoltaic plants). The discrete on-off commitment of capacitor units is often configured on an hourly or daily basis, yet smart inverters can be controlled within milliseconds, thus challenging joint control of these two types of assets. In this context, a novel two-timescale voltage regulation scheme is developed for radial distribution grids by judiciously coupling data-driven with physics-based optimization. On a fast timescale, say every second, the optimal setpoints of smart inverters are obtained by minimizing instantaneous bus voltage deviations from their nominal values, based on either the exact alternating current power flow model or a linear approximant of it; whereas, at the slower timescale (e.g., every hour), shunt capacitors are configured to minimize the long-term discounted voltage deviations using a deep reinforcement learning algorithm. Numerical tests on a real-world 47-bus distribution feeder using real data corroborate the effectiveness of the novel scheme.
Sleep Health: Journal of the National Sleep Foundation

Goal and aims: Our objective was to evaluate the performance of Belun Ring with second-generation deep learning algorithms in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) detection, OSA severity categorization, and sleep stage classification. Focus technology: Belun Ring with second-generation deep learning algorithms Reference technology: In-lab polysomnography (PSG) Sample: Eighty-four subjects (
Economic Growth and Judicial Independence : Cross Country Evidence Using a New Set of Indicators

Rational politicians have an interest in an independent judiciary because it can potentially help them make their promises more credible. But if politicians’ (short-term) preferences deviate from the dicta of the judiciary, they might also have incentives to renege on judicial independence. To make these two conflicting aspects measurable, two indicators are introduced: (i) a de iure indicator focusing on the legal foundations of judicial independence and (ii) a de facto indicator focusing on the real-life amount of judicial independence. It is hypothesized and tested by formulating an econometric model for a cross section of 57 countries that judicial independence affects economic growth. While de iure judicial independence does not have an impact on economic growth, de facto judicial independence positively influences real GDP growth per capita.
Developing a novel method to retrieve high spatial resolution Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) from satellite data

Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) data have many important applications including atmospheric correction of satellite imagery and monitoring of particulate matter air pollution. Current data products are generally available at a kilometre-scale resolution, but many applications require far higher resolutions. For example, particulate matter concentrations vary on the scale of tens of metres, and thus data products at a similar scale are required to provide accurate assessments of particle densities and allow effective monitoring of air quality and analysis of local air quality effects on health. This thesis describes the development of a novel method which retrieves per-pixel AOT values from high-resolution (30m) satellite data, and this method is the main novel contribution to scientific knowledge of this PhD. This method is designed to work over a wide range of land covers including both bright and dark surfaces - and requires only standard visible bands, making it applicable to a range of data from sensors such as Landsat, DMC, SPOT and Pleiades. The method is based upon an extension of the Haze Optimized Transform (HOT), which was originally designed for estimating the haziness of each pixel in a satellite image, based upon the distance from a `Clear Line' in feature space. In this research, the HOT method is adapted and used to estimate AOT instead. Significant extensions include Monte Carlo estimation of the `Clear Line', object-based correction for land cover, and modelling of the HOT-AOT relationship using radiative transfer models. Validation against ground and satellite measurements, as well as simulated data, shows that 40-50% of the pixels have an error within ±0.1, not much lower than many presently available low-resolution products, with further work likely to improve the accuracy. Two example applications show the potential of this method for per-pixel atmospheric correction and monitoring the spatial pattern of particulate matter pollution. This novel method will enable many new applications of AOT data that were impossible with low-resolution data.
Explorer Induction of microRNAs , mir-155 , mir-222 , mir-424 and mir-503 , promotes monocytic differentiation through combinatorial regulation

Citation for published version: Forrest, ARR, Kanamori-Katayama, M, Tomaru, Y, Lassmann, T, Ninomiya, N, Takahashi, Y, de Hoon, MJL, Kubosaki, A, Kaiho, A, Suzuki, M, Yasuda, J, Kawai, J, Hayashizaki, Y, Hume, DA & Suzuki, H 2010, 'Induction of microRNAs, mir-155, mir-222, mir-424 and mir-503, promotes monocytic differentiation through combinatorial regulation' Leukemia, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 460-466. DOI: 10.1038/leu.2009. 246
Sharing the Burden of GHG Reductions

The G8 countries propose a goal of a 50% reduction in global emissions by 2050, in an effort that needs to take account of other agreements specifying that developing countries are to be provided with incentives to action and protected from the impact of measures taken by others. To help inform international negotiations of measures to achieve these goals we develop a technique for endogenously estimating the allowance allocations and associated financial transfers necessary to achieve predetermined distributional outcomes and apply it in the MIT Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis (EPPA) model. Possible burden sharing agreements are represented by different allowance allocations (and resulting financial flows) in a global cap-and-trade system. Cases studied include agreements that allocate the burden based on simple allocation rules found in current national proposals and alternatives that specify national equity goals for both developing and developed countries. The analysis shows the ambitious nature of this reduction goal: universal participation will be necessary and the welfare costs can be both substantial and wildly different across regions depending on the allocation method chosen. The choice of allocation rule is shown to affect the magnitude of the task and required emissions price because of income effects. If developing countries are fully compensated for the costs of mitigation then the welfare costs to developed countries, if shared equally, are around 2% in 2020, rising to some 10% in 2050, and the implied financial transfers are large—over $400 billion per year in 2020 and rising to around $3 trillion in 2050. For success in dealing with the climate threat any negotiation of long-term goals and paths to achievement need to be grounded in a full understanding of the substantial amounts at stake. Sharing the Burden of GHG Reductions Henry D. Jacoby, Mustafa H. Babiker, Sergey Paltsev, and John M. Reilly Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change Massachusetts Institute of Technology Outline
Borders and Conflict in South Asia: The Radcliffe Boundary Commission and the Partition of Punjab

List of plates Table Acknowledgements List of abbreviations Glossary Note on terminology Introduction 1 'Standing on the edge of a volcano': The historical context of partition 2 'This is your country and it is up to you to decide': The facade of South Asian responsibility 3 'Nobody had been paying any attention to the case': The boundary commission at work 4 'Water was the key': Radcliffe's private deliberations 5 'A political decision, and not a judicial one': The Radcliffe award 6 'The stories they carried': The aftermath 7 'An awful lot of thought should have gone into it': Alternatives to the Radcliffe award 8 'In between, on a bit of earth which had no name': The development of the Indo-Pakistani borderlands 9 Imperial epitaphs: Cyril Radcliffe and the end of empire Conclusion: 'No such deeds': Responsibility and remembrance Note on sources Bibliography
The survival and growth of 'adolescent' high-tech firms in Germany and the UK, 1997-2003

• Once an NTBF has survived to its 5th year, there is an approximately 80% chance that the firm will still be trading in its 12th year. • High-tech young firms, once started, are less vulnerable to failure in dynamic and competitive technology markets than is popularly assumed. • Despite the severe downturn in high-tech markets starting in the year 2000, a majority of sampled firms continued to grow sales revenues and to create new jobs.
Implicit Contracts : Two Di ¤ erent Approaches

In this paper, I compare two di¤erent approaches to model implicit contracting, the in nite-horizon approach typically used in the literature and a nite-horizon approach building on an adverse-selection model. I demonstrate that even the most convincing result of the in nite-horizon approach, namely that implicit contracting is improved, if the discount rate is lowered, does not carry over to the alternative modeling approach. Predictions of the rst approach should therefore be handled with care and subject to a thorough reinvestigation. Key words: Trust, nite horizon, in nite horizon, discounting, implicit contracting JEL classi cation: D82, D83, J33, M52 Financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), SFB-TR 15 (Governance and the e¢ ciency of economic systems), is gratefully acknowledged. Oliver Gürtler, Department of Economics, BWL II, University of Bonn, Adenauerallee 24-42, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. Tel. :+49-228-739214, Fax:+49-228-739210; E-mail: oliver.guertler@uni-bonn.de
Onset of thin film meniscus along a fibre

The dynamics of spreading of a macroscopic liquid droplet over a wetting surface is often described by a power-law relaxation, namely, the droplet radius increases as $t^{m}$ for time $t$ , which is known as Tanner’s law. Here we show, by both experiments and theory, that when the liquid spreading takes place between a thin soap film and a glass fibre penetrating the film, the spreading is significantly slowed down. When the film thickness $\ell$ becomes smaller than the fibre diameter $d$ , the strong hydrodynamic confinement effect of the soap film gives rise to a logarithmic relaxation with fibre creeping time $t$ . Such a slow dynamics of spreading is observed for hours both in the measured time-dependent height of capillary rise $h(t)$ on the fibre surface and viscous friction coefficient $\unicode[STIX]{x1D709}_{s}(t)$ felt by the glass fibre in contact with the soap film. A new theoretical approach based on the Onsager variational principle is developed to describe the dynamics of thin film spreading along a fibre. The newly derived equations of motion provide the analytical solutions of $h(t)$ and contact angle $\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}(t)$ , which are found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. Our work thus provides a common framework for understanding the confinement effect of thin soap films on the dynamics of spreading along a fibre.
On the Security of a MAC by Mitchell

OMAC is a provably secure MAC scheme proposed by Iwata and Kurosawa [10]. NIST currently intends to specify OMAC as the modes recommendation. In August 2003, Mitchell published a note "On the security of XCBC, TMAC and OMAC" to propose a new variant of OMAC [16]. We call it OMAC1" In this paper, we prove that OMAC 1" is less secure than the original OMAC. We show a security gap between them. As a result, we obtain a negative answer to Mitchell's open question-OMAC1" is not provably secure even if the underlying block cipher is a PRP. Further, we point out limitations of discussion in [16].
Tea and coffee and risk of endometrial cancer: cohort study and meta-analysis1234

Background: Previous reports, mostly from retrospective studies, suggested possible protective effects of both tea and coffee against endometrial cancer, but recent reports from prospective studies generally showed weaker or null associations. Objectives: We investigated endometrial cancer risk in relation to tea and coffee consumption in a large prospective study and did a meta-analysis of published results. Design: Daily consumption of tea and coffee was recorded in 560,356 participants (without a hysterectomy) in the UK Million Women Study of whom 4067 women developed endometrial cancer during 5.2 million person-years of follow up (average: 9.3 y per woman). Results: With the use of Cox proportional hazards regression, we showed no significant association between endometrial cancer risk and consumption of either tea (multivariate adjusted RR per cup daily: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.02) or coffee (RR per cup daily: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.01). Our meta-analyses showed no significant association between endometrial cancer risk and tea consumption and a weak association for coffee consumption in prospective studies, but there may have been selective publication of only part of the evidence. Conclusions: There is little or no association between tea consumption and endometrial cancer risk. If there is any association with coffee consumption, it appears to be weak.
Impacts of Climate Variability on Pre-Hispanic Settlement Behavior in South Peru : the Northern Río Grande de Nasca Drainage between 1500 BCE and 1532 CE

Based on data gathered by an archaeological long-term project of the German Archaeological Institute, 3,000 years of settlement history of the Palpa Region at the Andean west flank in South Peru (14.5° S) are being reconstructed. The settlement patterns of ten successive cultural phases show substantial changes in terms of settlement hierarchies and population development. Furthermore, the foci of settlement shift. Due to the arid conditions in this region already minor fluctuations in absolute amounts of precipitation have a significant impact on the agricultural potential. The question is therefore pursued whether past climate change may have been the principal trigger for changes in settlement behavior. While the limited and uneven resolution of the data impedes a definite assessment, the general trend seems to suggest that many major developments in settlement behavior do not temporally correlate with climate fluctuations.
Analog Integrated Circuit Design

Partial table of contents: Integrated--Circuit Devices and Modelling. Processing and Layout. Basic Current Mirrors and Single--Stage Amplifiers. Noise Analysis and Modelling. Basic Opamp Design and Compensation. Advanced Current Mirrors and Opamps. Comparators. Switched--Capacitor Circuits. Nyquist--Rate D/A Converters. Oversampling Converters. Phase--Locked Loops. Index.
Towards Power Relationship Dynamics and Community Smells in the Proprietary Software Ecosystem

A Proprietary Software Ecosystem (PSECO) comprises a common technological platform with contributions protected by intellectual property. The social aspects of software development in a PSECO involve iterations in different scenarios, such as collaboration, teamwork, and productivity. Power relationships among actors within an ecosystem are a key social aspect. They may cause community smells, i.e., unforeseen socio-technical events that may result in additional costs to the project. If social aspects are recognized especially in PSECO, the IT management team may develop governance strategies to deal with them. This work investigates power relationships and community smells in PSECO, focusing on one of their components: actors. To identify the existing community smells, a systematic mapping study was performed. Results revealed that social aspects are barely explored in PSECO. Such opportunity motivated us to explore power relationships dynamics in PSECO through a focus group. The focus group raised 17 power relationship dynamics in PSECO. Our work highlighted behavioral issues in PSECO related to community smells and power relationships.
SPOTS: Stable Placement of Objects with Reasoning in Semi-Autonomous Teleoperation Systems

Pick-and-place is one of the fundamental tasks in robotics research. However, the attention has been mostly focused on the ``pick'' task, leaving the ``place'' task relatively unexplored. In this paper, we address the problem of placing objects in the context of a teleoperation framework. Particularly, we focus on two aspects of the place task: stability robustness and contextual reasonableness of object placements. Our proposed method combines simulation-driven physical stability verification via real-to-sim and the semantic reasoning capability of large language models. In other words, given place context information (e.g., user preferences, object to place, and current scene information), our proposed method outputs a probability distribution over the possible placement candidates, considering the robustness and reasonableness of the place task. Our proposed method is extensively evaluated in two simulation and one real world environments and we show that our method can greatly increase the physical plausibility of the placement as well as contextual soundness while considering user preferences.
Construction Effect on Load Transfer along Bored Piles

The load transfer behavior along bored piles is affected by details of pile construction particularly those imposing stress and moisture changes to the surrounding soils. An investigation involving moisture migration tests, in situ horizontal stress measurements, and borehole shear and pressuremeter tests shows clear effects of construction that lead to subsequent changes in soil properties. The construction of bored piles in Singapore and the region often involves casting of concrete either in unsupported dry boreholes or in wet boreholes filled with water. It is necessary to differentiate these two extreme construction conditions in bored pile design. Based on triaxial compression and pressuremeter tests on the residual soil of the Jurong Formation in Singapore, the variation of soil modulus with shear strain can be described by a hyperbolic function. A procedure is recommended for assessing the combined effect of stress relief and soaking on soil modulus by introducing a modulus reduction factor. Modulus degradation curves from pressuremeter tests with the borehole conditions properly simulated are found capable of producing load transfer curves that are comparable to those deduced in the field.