Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hungarian Method Based Joint Transmission Mode and Relay Selection in Device-to-Device Communication

The concept of Device-to-Device (D2D) communication has been introduced for local area connectivity as a means to improve the cellular spectrum utilization and to reduce the energy consumption of user equipments. The performance of D2D communication is practically limited due to large distance and/or poor channel conditions between the D2D transmitter and receiver. To overcome these issues, a relay-assisted D2D communication has been introduced where a device relaying is an additional transmission mode along with the existing cellular and D2D transmission modes. In this paper, a transmission mode assignment algorithm based on the Hungarian algorithm is proposed to improve the overall system throughput. The proposed algorithm tries to solve two problems: a suitable transmission mode selection for each scheduled transmissions and a device selection for relaying communication between user equipments in the relay transmission mode. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm could improve the system performance in terms of the overall system throughput and D2D data rate.
Do Eye Movements Have a Special Importance to Mental Activity?

Several areas of research are reviewed in which associations between eye movements and the nature of mental processes have been attributed to hypothesized third factors. It is suggested that a simpler hypothesis—that eye movements are related in some fundamental manner to cognitive functioning—deserves consideration. A metaphor is presented to show that the quality of information processing need not exclusively reflect processes deep inside the brain but could also be affected by peripheral motor mechanisms.
Cessation of autonomous proliferation of mouse lymphoma EL4 by fusion with a T cell line

Benzanthracene‐induced C57BL/6 (H‐2b) mouse T‐cell lymphoma EL4 (a thymidine kinase‐deficient cell line) was fused by using polyethylene glycol with an Mlsa (Mls for minor lymphocyte stimulatory) antigen‐dependent T cell line, which was designated G4 and had been derived from a C3H/He mouse (H‐2k), and the fused cells were cultured in HAT medium. Although no growing cells appeared in most of these fusions, we consistently obtained growth‐arrested H‐2Kb‐positive cells from the fused cell populations by the panning method. The cells were tetraploid and were able to proliferate in response to Mlsa antigen. Three H‐2Kb‐positive clones, isolated by limiting dilution from three different fusions, were shown to be EL4 × G4 hybrids, because (I) they had both H‐2k and H‐2b antigens; (2) each of the clones had one submetacentric chromosome which was a marker chromosome of EL4, and they were tetraploid with modal chromosome numbers of 74, 78, and 79, respectively; (3) they had 4 isozymes of both parental cells. These results indicate that EL4 lymphoma cells cease to proliferate when fused with T cell line G4. The malignant phenotype of lymphoma EL4 is thus suppressed at the level of cell transformation by the introduction of the G4 cell genome.
A Framework for a Restorative Society? Restorative Justice in Northern Ireland

Presenting findings of an unparalleled study, mapping the extent of restorative practices in Northern Ireland, this article argues that while some examples of the use of restorative justice in Northern Ireland have been researched in detail, it is in fact being employed in a much wider range of contexts, including schools and children's care homes. This diversity in restorative justice deployment is used to frame arguments for restorative justice to be given stronger footing by government citing the great potential for Northern Ireland to become a ‘restorative society’. Key findings from the mapping research are presented as an explanation for previous growth in restorative practices to date and as a facilitator for further growth both in Northern Ireland and in other jurisdictions. These include recognition that the definition and application of restorative justice must be determined by situation and context, and that the continued expansion of restorative practices is dependent on the cross-fertilisation of ideas both from abroad, but also between organisations within a jurisdiction.
Variations of the Entrepreneurial City: Goals, roles and visions in Rotterdam's Kop van Zuid and the Glasgow Harbour Megaprojects

Both Rotterdam’s Kop van Zuid and the Glasgow Harbour waterfront developments areexamples of different forms of European urban entrepreneurial megaprojects. They areboth situated on formerly vacant land in older industrial cities. In Rotterdam, themunicipality has taken the initiative in planning and developing the megaproject, whilein Glasgow, this task has been left to the private sector, with the City functioning as afacilitator. While urban entrepreneurialism and megaprojects have been discussed inacademic literature for almost three decades, there are too few case studies which delveinto the specific visions guiding these projects, the goals which they are meant to achieveand the positions which different actors play. The aim of this article is to analyze therelationship between these visions, goals and positions of actors in megaprojects andwhether these relationships can explain how the different outcomes are produced. Whatwe see is that in municipally-led projects, entrepreneurial goals are more easily formedand implemented than when the public sector acts only as a facilitator to privatedevelopers. It will also argue that it is not only structural contexts which are importantin determining the types of megaprojects which get built and the success which theyachieve, but also the specific values, visions and goals that different stakeholders have
Nonmarital cohabitation and childbearing among Black and White American women

Previous studies have suggested that there are racial differences in the role of cohabitation in the family-formation process. This study provides an empirical analysis of this issue by examining the childbearing behavior of approximately 733 black and 2986 white cohabiting and married [U.S.] women at two stages in the marital life course. The results indicate that for both first unions and first postmarital unions the rate of childbearing within cohabitation more closely approximates the rate of childbearing within legal marriage among black women than white women. In fact among black women in first postmarital unions cohabitors and the legally married are equally likely to have a birth. In addition among white women the likelihood of a birth among relatively disadvantaged cohabitors is closer to that of legally married women than is the likelihood of a birth among more advantaged cohabitors. Overall it appears that cohabitation is most similar to legal marriage as a setting for childbearing among black women and relatively disadvantaged white women. (EXCERPT)
Collaborative Essay Testing: Just Try It!

ost professors who enjoy teach ing find that the experience sometimes is problematic when they begin assessing student work. The otherwise fine rapport established between instructor and students can be shattered, especially when tests are given. Many professors can identify with Grzelkowski's description of the testing atmosphere in her sociology class: "neg ative energy . , fearful anticipation, uncertainty, [and] barely shrouded anger" (1987, 27). We contend that the atmosphere can be changed by applying to testing the same type of collaboration that we seek in other assignments? and that increasingly is expected on the job in the 1990s. Today's workplace appears to be mov ing toward collaborative models that engage workers in problem solving. Engineering teams design and build structures; teachers collaborate in cur riculum development; and marketing designers work together to create adver tising campaigns. Fewer occupations than in the past require a person to work in isolation. In response, many university pro grams, especially in professional schools, now engage students in teamwork. Some
Are BIDs Good for Business? The Impact of BIDs on Neighborhood Retailers in New York City

The business improvement district (BID) model has been widely adopted as a place-based strategy for commercial renewal and sustainability. This study uses the National Establishment Time-Series (NETS) Database to estimate the impact of New York City BIDs on change in retail sales and change employment between 2000 and 2008. Since the self-financing mechanism of BIDs becomes a compulsory tax on retail tenants, this study examines whether the model improves retail performance relative to comparable areas of the city that never adopted BIDs. Although effects vary by BID size, retail sales and employment are depressed by small community BIDs.
Combination therapy with hormone replacement and alendronate for prevention of bone loss in elderly women: a randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT Therapy with individual antiresorptive agents has been shown to be effective for prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, but whether combination antiresorptive therapy with hormones and bisphosphonates is safe or efficacious or how these agents compare in elderly women is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine whether hormone replacement and the bisphosphonate alendronate sodium in combination are efficacious and safe, and how they compare with monotherapy in community-dwelling elderly women. DESIGN Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Five hundred seventy-three community-dwelling women age 65 years or older were screened: 485 completed screening and 373 (aged 65 to 90 years) were randomized following a 3-month, open-label, run-in phase with hormone replacement and alendronate placebo. The trial was conducted at a single academic US medical center from January 1996 to May 2001. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomly assigned in a 2 x 2 factorial design to receive hormone replacement (conjugated equine estrogen, 0.625 mg/d, with or without medroxyprogesterone, 2.5 mg/d) and alendronate, 10 mg daily, both agents, or neither. All participants received calcium and vitamin D supplements. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Annualized change in bone mineral density of the hip and spine and occurrence of adverse events. RESULTS Bone mineral density at 3 years was significantly greater at all femoral and vertebral sites in women treated with combination therapy than with monotherapy, with mean (SD) increases of 5.9% (3.8) at the total hip, 10.4% (5.4) at the posteroanterior lumbar spine, and 11.8% (6.8) at the lateral lumbar spine. Mean (SD) increases in bone mass at the hip in women treated with alendronate alone were significantly greater than in those treated with hormone replacement therapy alone (4.2% [3.8] vs 3.0% [4.9]; P<.05, respectively), and alendronate resulted in more responders to therapy. All therapies were well tolerated and participant retention was 90% at 3 years. CONCLUSIONS Combination therapy with hormone replacement and alendronate was efficacious and well tolerated in this cohort. Alendronate was superior to hormone replacement, and combination therapy was superior to either therapy alone. Combination therapy may represent an option for women with more severe disease or for those who have failed to achieve an adequate response to monotherapy.
Toward a new conception of habit and self-control in adolescent maturation

Neuropsychology shows us that adolescent maturation involves three areas: ejective functions, personal identity, and socialization and this maturation is not reached without emotion regulation. If we look at what this emotion regulation is made up of, psychology will tell us motivation, stress, resilience, emotional cognition, self-control, and habits are fields in which emotion regulation is useful. All of them are looking at the same thing but from different points of view. We can consider forming good habits as the outcome of reached emotional regulation by continued effort of self-control. Currently, neuroscience has seen habit like motor routine and for that reason links habits with corticostriatal pathways, but this is a narrow view of habit. In this opinion article we propose others cerebral process that fit better with a more general conception of the habit. This is developed during adolescence through emotion regulation, so education could be crucial to reach healthy or unhealthy habit.
Tunable asymmetric composite right-/left-handed transmission line directional coupler controlled by applied voltage

A novel electronically-controlled asymmetric directional coupler is presented. This asymmetric structure is composed of a conventional microstrip line and a composite right-/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line incorporating varactors for voltage-controlled operation. Tunable working frequency is achieved as modulating the capacitances of the structure by adjusting the bias voltage applied to the varactors. This directional coupler demonstrates tunable broad bandwidth and tight coupling characteristic by varying the varactors bias voltages from 0V to 12V. Measured and simulated S-parameters versus bias voltage relationship are shown. The loss effect of the varactor is also discussed.
Injury control.

Injuries are now the cause of more deaths in children than the next six most frequent causes combined. It is estimated that 8.7 million injuries occur each year. Together with noninjury motor vehicle accidents and fires, these accidents cost the nation an estimated $107.3 billion. The major approaches to injury control have involved legislation, health education, and behavioral strategies. In this article, the research evidence on the effectiveness of these strategies is reviewed, and suggestions for additional research are proposed.
Two monopoles of one type and one of another

The metric on the moduli space of charge (2,1) SU(3) Bogomolny-Prasad-Sommerfield monopoles is calculated and investigated. The hyperKahler quotient construction is used to provide an alternative derivation of the metric. Various properties of the metric are derived using the hyperKahler quotient construction and the correspondence between BPS monopoles and rational maps. Several interesting limits of the metric are also considered.
WORDS NOT ACTIONS! THE IDEOLOGICAL ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT REPORTING

Purpose - Through an analysis of corporate sustainable development reporting, this paper seeks to examine critically language use and other visual (re)presentations of sustainable development within the business context. It aims to provide a framework to interpret and tease out business representations of sustainable development. Such representations are argued to be constitutive of the way that business has come to “know” and “do” sustainable development and, therefore, to constrain and enable particular actions and developments. Design/methodology/approach - The study uses a mix of synthesis, interpretive and discourse analysis to locate, interpret and critically analyse a corpus of written and presentational texts produced by a New Zealand business association and eight of its founding members' early triple bottom line reports. Findings - The business association and its members' reports are shown to present a pragmatic and middle-way discourse on business and the environment. Through the use of rhetorical claims to pragmatism and action, this discourse suggests that businesses are “doing” sustainability. But critical analysis and interpretation within a wider framework reveal a narrow, largely economic and instrumental approach to the natural environment. Originality/value - This paper offers a diagrammatic synthesis of the contested “middle ground” of the sustainable development debate, and thereby provides a frame of reference for further interpretational work on organisations and sustainable development.
Natural History of Perihematomal Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage Measured by Serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Background and Purpose— Knowledge on the natural history and clinical impact of perihematomal edema (PHE) associated with intracerebral hemorrhage is limited. We aimed to define the time course, predictors, and clinical significance of PHE measured by serial magnetic resonance imaging. Methods— Patients with primary supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage ≥5 cm3 underwent serial MRIs at prespecified intervals during the first month. Hematoma (Hv) and PHE (Ev) volumes were measured on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images. Relative PHE was defined as Ev/Hv. Neurologic assessments were performed at admission and with each MRI. Barthel Index, modified Rankin scale, and extended Glasgow Outcome scale scores were assigned at 3 months. Results— Twenty-seven patients with 88 MRIs were prospectively included. Median Hv and Ev on the first MRI were 39 and 46 cm3, respectively. Median peak absolute Ev was 88 cm3. Larger hematomas produced a larger absolute Ev (r2=0.6) and a smaller relative PHE (r2=0.7). Edema volume growth was fastest in the first 2 days but continued until 12±3 days. In multivariate analysis, a higher admission hematocrit was associated with a greater delay in peak PHE (P=0.06). Higher admission partial thromboplastin time was associated with higher peak rPHE (P=0.02). Edema volume growth was correlated with a decline in neurologic status at 48 hours (81 vs 43 cm3, P=0.03) but not with 3-month functional outcome. Conclusions— PHE volume measured by MRI increases most rapidly in the first 2 days after symptom onset and peaks toward the end of the second week. The timing and magnitude of PHE volume are associated with hematologic factors. Its clinical significance deserves further study.
Efficient High Speed Implementation of Secure Hash Algorithm-3 on Virtex-5 FPGA

Cryptographic hash functions have many security based applications, particularly in message authentication codes (MACs), digital signatures and data integrity. Secure Hash Algorithm-3 (SHA-3) is a new cryptographic hash algorithm that was selected on 2nd Oct '12 after a five year public contest organized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), USA. This paper provides a unique technique for the high speed implementation of SHA-3 on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). In this implementation all the five steps of SHA-3 core are logically combined in such a way that it eliminates the intermediate states between these steps. The combination of the five steps results in 25 different equations, each of 64-bit word. These 25 equations have the same structure but different set of inputs and are implemented using the proposed hardware architecture. Xilinx Look-Up-Table primitives are used for the implementation of the proposed hardware architecture. This technique provides highest throughput i.e. 17.132Gbps and TPA (throughput/area) of 13.27 on Virtex-5 FPGA published to date.
Using drawings of pain-related images to understand the experience of chronic pain: A qualitative study

Introduction This study aimed to use drawing as a means to explore the content of pain-related images in a sample of people with chronic pain. Method Adults (n = 90) attending three United Kingdom National Health Service pain clinics were asked to bring to mind and draw an image of their pain. Drawings were analysed using critical visual analysis methodology. Results Fifty-four participants drew a picture of their pain. Drawings were vivid, emotionally charged and included catastrophic interpretations of pain. Image content was described using three main themes: pain as an attacker, the nature of pain (pain sensations, timeline, pain location) and the impact of pain (pain as a barrier, being trapped by pain and the future with pain). Drawings reflected different perspectives taken in the image, with images of the person themselves in pain (as if seen through the eyes of an observer) evoking a sense of helplessness and isolation. Conclusion Pain-related images can provide a valuable insight into people’s pain worlds, with images reflecting pain cognitions and barriers to recovery. Clinicians may find drawing a helpful tool in the assessment and management of chronic pain, enabling a visual and shareable language for pain.
Phonological representations in children with SLI

It has been hypothesized that children with specific language impairment (SLI) have difficulty processing sound-based information, including storing and accessing phonological representations in the lexicon. Tasks are emerging in the literature that provide a measure of the quality of stored phonological representations, without requiring a verbal response. This article describes the performance of children with specific language impairment (SLI) (n = 21), typically developing children matched for age (n = 21), and typically developing children matched for language (n = 21) on two measures of phonological representations – the Quality of Phonological Representations (QPR) and the Silent Deletion of Phonemes (SDOP) – and a measure of phonological awareness, the Sutherland Phonological Awareness Test: Revised (SPAT-R). As predicted the age-matched (AM) group demonstrated significantly better performance on all tasks than the SLI group. The AM group performed significantly better than the language-matched (LM) group on the SDOP and SPAT tasks, but not significantly differently on the QPR task. The SLI group performed significantly better than the LM group on both the SDOP and SPAT, but their performance on the QPR was significantly weaker than the LM group. The findings of this study provide support for the notion of lower quality phonological representations in children with SLI thus placing them at increased risk of ongoing language and literacy difficulties.
Transcriptional Regulation of Human Dual Specificity Protein Phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) Gene by Glucocorticoids

Background Glucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory agents commonly used to treat inflammatory diseases. They convey signals through the intracellular glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which upon binding to ligands, associates with genomic glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) to regulate transcription of associated genes. One mechanism by which glucocorticoids inhibit inflammation is through induction of the dual specificity phosphatase-1 (DUSP1, a.k.a. mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1, MKP-1) gene. Methodology/Principal Findings We found that glucocorticoids rapidly increased transcription of DUSP1 within 10 minutes in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) scanning, we located a GR binding region between −1421 and −1118 upstream of the DUSP1 transcription start site. This region is active in a reporter system, and mutagenesis analyses identified a functional GRE located between −1337 and −1323. We found that glucocorticoids increased DNase I hypersensitivity, reduced nucleosome density, and increased histone H3 and H4 acetylation within genomic regions surrounding the GRE. ChIP experiments showed that p300 was recruited to the DUSP1 GRE, and RNA interference experiments demonstrated that reduction of p300 decreased glucocorticoid-stimulated DUSP1 gene expression and histone H3 hyperacetylation. Furthermore, overexpression of p300 potentiated glucocorticoid-stimulated activity of a reporter gene containing the DUSP1 GRE, and this coactivation effect was compromised when the histone acetyltransferase domain was mutated. ChIP-reChIP experiments using GR followed by p300 antibodies showed significant enrichment of the DUSP1 GRE upon glucocorticoid treatment, suggesting that GR and p300 are in the same protein complex recruited to the DUSP1 GRE. Conclusions/Significance Our studies identified a functional GRE for the DUSP1 gene. Moreover, the transcriptional activation of DUSP1 by glucocorticoids requires p300 and a rapid modification of the chromatin structure surrounding the GRE. Overall, understanding the mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced DUSP1 gene transcription could provide insights into therapeutic approaches against inflammatory diseases.