Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Cell Opening Mechanism in Flexible Polyurethane Foam

Literature on the polyurethane foam cell opening mechanism is reviewed and discussed. A new cell opening mechanism is proposed. Cell opening is observed to be triggered by urea precipitation which changes the rheology of the polyurethane dramatically. The foam matrix shows extensional thinning behavior after urea phase separation. The extensional thinning behavior will lead to localized cell window thinning. The cell window thickness distribution will lead to different film rupture times for individual cell windows and will result in cell windows in different states. Some windows are totally missing and others leave torn-off films. Windows with only pin holes or totally closed were also observed. The cell opening event is shown to be a continuous process rather than a sudden event.
A Framework for Computer-Aided Composition of Space, Gesture, and Sound. Conception, Design, and Applications. (Un système informatique de composition de l'espace, du geste, et du son. Conception, design, et applications. )

Computer-Aided Composition (CAC) research aims to provide composers with specialized programming languages and interfaces to simulate processes of composition in an interactive approach referred to as “compositional modelling”. Although the increased performance and availability of computer resources over the past decade has led to a widening of technologies used in musical practice, in particular in the fields of spatial audio, physical computing and sound synthesis, these developments have remained mostly isolated from the domain of CAC and are therefore not accounted for in the corresponding models and applications. This dissertation proposes a further evolution of CAC systems by integrating spatial-, sound-, and gesture-related data with the objective of making these technologies available and responsive to formal music composition. We present conception, design, and applications of an original software framework implemented as three libraries for the visual computer-aided composition environment OpenMusic. The library OMPrisma allows for the design of spatialization processes of arbitrary complexity and relate them to high-level musical processes and materials in a compositional framework. Beyond conventional concepts we introduce a novel paradigm which extends the notion of sound source spatialization from pre-existing sound objects to the spatial micro-structure of sound, referred to as spatial sound synthesis. The library OM-Geste proposes solutions for integrating physical gestures as materials into compositional formalisms. Coding, representation and processing of gestures as multi- dimensional signals are discussed and design guidelines are presented. A novel approach is introduced which allows to extend the scope of mapping to high-level programs for creating musical objects of arbitrary scale using hybrid specifications. Two complementary examples for validation with the use of real-world gesture recordings are described. The library OM-Pursuit introduces a dictionary-based analysis/synthesis system which provides abstract representations of sound targets that can be integrated and manipulated within symbolic compositional processes. This model constitutes a granular counterpart to the prevalent sinusoidal representations and allows for renewed conceptions of sound and compositional directions. A professional application of the software for a composition for computer-controlled piano and electronics is described. The presented software libraries have been designed as a coherent framework based on the same design concepts, interfaces and programming tools. All of the presented developments are freely available open-source projects which have been validated in research and professional artistic productions, and are now being taught as part of computer music curricula in different universities and research institutions.
Study of Tungsten Cathode Doped with Rare Earth for Pulsed Xenon Lamp

High powered pulsed xenon lamp is widely used in laser inertial confinement fusion research as the optical pump source. And the cathode is very important for the performance of xenon lamp when operated as pump sources of lasers. With the development of material and technology new tungsten electrode doped with rare earth elements has been developed as cathode of xenon lamp.
New mini-extracorporeal circulation system (ECC.O) is a safe technique in coronary surgery

Objectives. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is known to cause the systemic inflammatory reaction after cardiac surgery. New coated and closed loop circuit systems may reduce this inflammation response and improve the surgical outcome. This study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the mini-extracorporeal circulation system (ECC.O) in CABG patients. Design. Forty patients undergoing elective coronary surgery were randomized into two groups, the ECC.O group and the standard CPB group. Routine hemodynamic monitoring and biochemical measurements were registered according to the hospital practice. Results. The clinical outcome of the patients was similar in both groups. There were no significant differences between the groups in the duration of intubation following surgery, the length of intensive care unit-stay or the total hospital stay. The haemoglobin level was significantly higher (p=0.0069) during and after the perfusion in the ECC.O group. Conclusions. The ECC.O system can be safely used in CABG patients and it maintains haemoglobin level better than conventional CPB.
A Personalized Extended (a, k)-Anonymity Model

On the schemes of personalized privacy preservation, the sensitive attribute value-oriented anonymous method can not satisfy the different privacy preservation requirements for each individual. Therefore we present a personalized extended (α, k)-anonymity model based on clustering techniques. The model can not only avoid privacy disclosure caused by the occurrence imbalance of sensitive attribute values but also fulfill the privacy preservation requirements for individuals, and realizes the combination of sensitive value-oriented privacy preservation method and individual-oriented method. Experimental results show that the personalized extended (α, k)-anonymity model can provide stronger privacy protection efficiently.
ICA Component Selection Based on Sparse Activelet Reconstruction for fMRI Analysis in Refractory Focal Epilepsy

EEG-fMRI is a recently emerging tool that can be used in the presurgical evaluation of focal epilepsy patients. Standard analysis techniques rely on the principle that fMRI can provide accurate localization of hemodynamic changes corresponding to events observed on EEG. However, its applicability is limited as EEG does not always provide sufficient and reliable information on the timing of the epileptic activity. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for techniques capable of localizing the epileptic activity based solely on the fMRI time series. Independent component analysis (ICA) has been shown to separate epileptic activity in the fMRI from other neural sources, artifacts and noise. We propose here to automatically detect the epileptic component based on sparse reconstruction in the activelet basis. The algorithm was evaluated on a dataset of 10 patients. It is shown that the largest activation cluster of the identified component overlapped with the ictal onset zone (IOZ) in all 3 patients with sparse interictal spike timing. In the 7 other patients, the selected component either overlapped with the IOZ and/or the ictal hyperperfusion, or correlated with the EEG-derived time course of the interictal activity. We conclude that the proposed technique might be able to identify epileptic components without using EEG.
Random testing of interrupt-driven software

Interrupt-driven embedded software is hard to thoroughly test since it usually contains a very large number of executable paths. Developers can test more of these paths using random interrupt testing---firing random interrupt handlers at random times. Unfortunately, naïve application of random testing to interrupt-driven software does not work: some randomly generated interrupt schedules violate system semantics, causing spurious failures. The contribution of this paper is the design, implementation, and experimental evaluation of RID, a restricted interrupt discipline that hardens embedded software with respect to unexpected interrupts, making it possible to perform random interrupt testing and also protecting it from spurious interrupts after deployment. We evaluate RID by implementing it in TinyOS and then using random interrupt testing to find bugs and also to drive applications toward their worst-case stack depths.
Longer Survival in Patients with Breast Cancer with Cyclin D1 Over-Expression after Tumor Recurrence: Longer, but Occupied with Disease

Purpose The effect of cyclin D1 overexpression on breast cancer outcomes and prognosis is controversial, even though amplification of the cyclin D1 gene, CCND1, has been shown to be associated with early relapse and poor prognosis. In this study, we examined the relationship between cyclin D1 overexpression and disease-specific survival (DSS). We also analyzed survival in patients who experienced recurrence. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma between April 2005 and December 2010. We examined clinicopathologic factors associated with cyclin D1 overexpression and analyzed the influence of cyclin D1 on recurrence-free survival and DSS. Results We identified 236 patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer who completed all phases of their primary treatment. Cyclin D1 overexpression was significantly associated with longer DSS (5-year DSS, 89.9% in patients without cyclin D1 overexpression vs. 98.9% in patients with cyclin D1 overexpression; p=0.008). Multivariate analysis also found that patients with cyclin D1 overexpressing tumors had significantly longer disease-specific survival than patients whose tumors did not overexpress cyclin D1, with a hazard ratio for disease-specific mortality of 7.97 (1.17-54.22, p=0.034). However, in the group of patients who experienced recurrence, cyclin D1 overexpression was not significantly associated with recurrence-free survival. Cyclin D1 overexpression was significantly associated with increased survival after disease recurrence, indicating that cyclin D1 overexpression might be indicative of more indolent disease progression after metastasis. Conclusion Cyclin D1 overexpression is associated with longer DSS, but not recurrence-free survival, in patients with breast cancer. Longer postrecurrence survival could explain the apparent inconsistency between DSS and recurrence-free survival. Patients with cyclin D1-overexpressing tumors survive longer, but with metastatic disease after recurrence. This information should spark the urgent development of tailored therapies to cure these patients.
A confederation of tools for capturing and accessing collaborative activity

This paper presents a confederation of tools, called Coral, that combine to support the real-time capture of and subsequent access to informal collaborative activities. The tools provide the means to initiate digital multimedia recordings, a variety of methods to index those recordings, and ways to retrieve the indexed material in other settings. The current system emerged from a convergence of the WhereWereWe multimedia work, the Tivoli LiveBoard application, and the Inter-Language Unification distributed-object programming infrastructure. We are working with a specific user community and application domain, which has helped us shape a particular, demonstrably useful, configuration of tools and to get extensive real-world experience with them. This domain involves frequent discussion and decision-making meetings and later access of the captured records of those meetings to produce accurate documentation. Several aspects of Coral--the application tools, the architecture of the confederation, and the multimedia infrastructure--are described.
Question Answering over Knowledge Bases

Question answering over knowledge bases is a challenging task for next-generation search engines. The core of this task is to understand the meaning of questions and translate them into structured language-based queries. Previous research has focused on a specific knowledge base with a constrained domain, but with the increase in the size and domain of existing knowledge bases, fulfilling this aim is even more challenging. This article introduces the mainstream methods for question answering over knowledge bases, describing typical semantic meaning representation models and state-of-the-art systems for converting questions to predefined logical forms. It also puts a particular focus on the approaches for question answering over a large-scale knowledge base and multiple heterogeneous knowledge bases.
In Vivo and In Vitro Studies of Th17 Response to Specific Immunotherapy in House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Rhinitis Patients

T helper (Th)17 cells have been implicated in the development of allergic rhinitis (AR), but their response to specific immunotherapy (SIT) remains unclear. We investigated the impact of SIT on Th17 response and Th1/Th2 changes in AR patients. Blood samples from AR patients (n = 20) who were monosensitized to house dust mite (HDM) were collected before the initiation of SIT (SIT-untreated) and after the end of 2-year SIT (SIT-treated) treatment. Twenty healthy volunteers were recruited as controls. In vitro HDM stimulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was also performed. Expression levels of Th17 associated genes were determined in both PBMCs and plasma by PCR and ELISA, while Th17/Th1/Th2/IL10 producing cell proportions were evaluated in PBMCs by flow cytometry. The SIT effect was evaluated by assessing clinical symptoms. mRNA levels of Th17 specific genes (IL17 and RORC) were increased in SIT-untreated AR versus controls, and decreased following SIT treatment. SIT can change the production of Th17 associated genes (reduction of IL17, IL6, and IL23, but increase of IL27) in plasma from AR patients. Th2/Th1 ratio and proportions of Th17 cells were suppressed while IL10 producing CD4+ T cells were elevated after SIT. In vitro HDM challenge presents concordant patterns with in vivo findings: 1) increase of Th2 and Th17 response in AR patients; 2) suppression of IL10 producing CD4+ T cells in SIT-untreated AR but elevation in SIT-treated AR patients. Most importantly, a positive correlation between IL17 mRNA/protein levels and clinical symptom scores was observed. SIT significantly inhibits Th17 mediated inflammation in AR and IL17 may be a useful biomarker for both AR severity and SIT therapeutic effect. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12613000445774
Intrusion Detection System with Multi Layer using Bayesian Networks

the era of network security, intrusion detection system plays a vital to detect real - time intrusions, and to execute work to stop the attack. Being everything shifting to internet, security became the foremost preference. In real world, the minority attacks R2L (Remote-To-User) and U2R (User-To- Root) are more hazardous than Probe and DoS (Denial-Of- Service) majority attacks. Present IDS are not much efficient to detect these low level attacks. Therefore, it is extremely important to improve the detection performance for the R2L and U2R attacks with the majority attacks. In this paper hierarchical layered approach for improving detection rate of minority attacks as well as majority attacks is propound. The propound model used Naive bayes classifier with K2 learning process on reduced NSL KDD dataset for each attack class. In this method every layer is individually trained to detect a single type of attack category and the outcome of one layer is passed into another layer to increase the detection rate and for better categorization of both the majority and minority attacks. Intrusion detection system (IDS), Network security, Feature selection, naive bayes classifier, R2U, U2R, DoS 1. INTRODUCTIONNetwork Security Can be defined as "It is the set of guidelines adopted by a Network administrator to prevent the unauthorized access, modification and misuse of the network traffic by attackers.ID (Intrusion Detection) techniques are used to strength security and increase resistance to internal and external attacks. With the Increase in Technology the chance of malware and Intrusions get increase. The firewalls do not provide much security. In order to inspect network traffic many corporation are using proactive and reactive both types of IDS system. The goal of the intrusion detection system is to monitor and control the network traffic to prevent the numerous types of intrusion attempt. When an intrusion detection system is deployed, it provides warning to the users indicating that system is under attack. These warnings can help users to prevent the attack by increasing resistance to attack.
A Service for Aggregating and Interpreting Contextual Information

contextaware computing, Me-Centric computing, ontology, reasoning, web services, semantic web We present an architectural support for building context-aware applications. With the increasing acceptance of dynamic mobile and ubiquitous computing environments, applications are no longer limited to relying only on the information explicitly provided by users. Instead, these environments invite a new kind of applications leveraging from implicit information that can range from a simple time-of-a-day information to information about user location to even an elaborate description of user current activity. This implicit information is known as the context, and although the context-aware computing paradigm has been introduced over a decade ago, so far there exist only a limited number of context-aware applications available to everyday users. We believe that this is due to the tight coupling of contextual operations where each application is required to sense, collect, interpret and apply all information independently from others. To overcome this issue we propose a decoupled approach, where the information sensing, aggregation, and interpretation is provided by external services, and applications are concerned with only applying the contextual information to their needs. Moreover, we focus on the design and specification of a generic service capable of both aggregating and interpreting context information as part of the Me-Centric computing project, and demonstrate its capability in an office-based scenario.
Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in obesity and insulin resistance

This study identifies monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) as an insulin-responsive gene. It also shows that insulin induces substantial expression and secretion of MCP-1 both in vitro in insulin-resistant (IR) 3T3-L1 adipocytes and in vivo in IR obese mice (ob/ob). Thus, MCP-1 resembles other previously described genes (e.g., PAI-1 and SREBP-1c) that remain sensitive to insulin in IR states. The hyperinsulinemia that frequently accompanies obesity and insulin resistance may therefore contribute to the altered expression of these and other genes in insulin target tissues. In vivo studies also demonstrate that MCP-1 is overexpressed in obese mice compared with their lean controls, and that white adipose tissue is a major source of MCP-1. The elevated MCP-1 may alter adipocyte function because addition of MCP-1 to differentiated adipocytes in vitro decreases insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and the expression of several adipogenic genes (LpL, adipsin, GLUT-4, aP2, β3-adrenergic receptor, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ). These results suggest that elevated MCP-1 may induce adipocyte dedifferentiation and contribute to pathologies associated with hyperinsulinemia and obesity, including type II diabetes.
Spatially-coupled precoded rateless codes with bounded degree achieve the capacity of BEC under BP decoding

Raptor codes are known as precoded rateless codes that achieve the capacity of BEC. However the maximum degree of Raptor codes needs to be unbounded to achieve the capacity. In this paper we prove that spatially-coupled precoded rateless codes achieve the capacity with bounded degree under BP decoding.
Photo-and-dark-current-voltage characteristics of normal-incidence GaAs photodetectors with two types of electrode configurations

The characteristics of photo-current-voltage and dark-current-voltage for two-photon-response semi-insulating GaAs photodetectors responding to near-infrared wavelengths of 1.31 μm and 1. 55μm are investigated. The semi-insulating GaAs photodetectors were fabricated into hemisphere on whose bottom two types of electrodes were deposited. In experiments, the incident laser was adjusted to travel normally to the photodetector and focus at the center of the bottom so as to improve the nonlinear photo-responsivity markedly. It is observed that the photocurrent dependent on bias exhibits quadratic nonlinearity for both lasers and both electrode configurations, which reflects frequency-doubled absorption responsible for the physical mechanisms of the photodetectors; and the reasonable analysis demonstrates the important role of the electric-field-induced frequency-doubled absorption in two-photon response. Furthermore, it is found that the photocurrent is quite more greater when the electrode positioned at the bottom center of the photodetectors (central electrode for short) is negatively charged than that in the case of it positively charged under the conditions of the identical bias voltage and the same incident optical power; while the dark-current varies in exactly the opposite mode compared to the photocurrent. The aforementioned disparate variations of the photocurrent and the dark-current are well interpreted by the theory of surface band-bending of semi-insulating GaAs, and such variations result in a large ratio of photo-current to dark-current in the case of the central electrode negatively charged. The investigated results also indicate that the optimization of electrode structure is essential to improve the photo-responsivity of the photodetector.
Identification of a positive regulator of the Mu middle operon

Transcription of bacteriophage Mu occurs in a regulatory cascade consisting of three phases: early, middle, and late. The 1.2-kb middle transcript is initiated at Pm and encodes the C protein, the activator of late transcription. A plasmid containing a Pm-lacZ operon fusion was constructed. beta-Galactosidase expression from the plasmid increased 23-fold after Mu prophage induction. Infection of plasmid-containing cells with lambda phages carrying different segment of the Mu early region localized the Pm-lacZ transactivation function to the region containing open reading frames E16 and E17. Deletion and linker insertion analyses of plasmids containing this region identified E17 as the transactivator; therefore we call this gene mor, for middle operon regulator. Expression of mor under the control of a T7 promoter and T7 RNA polymerase resulted in the production of a single polypeptide of 17 kDa as detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Insertion of a linker into mor substantially reduced the ability of Mu to form plaques. When growth of the mor mutant was assayed in liquid, lysis was delayed by about 50 min and the burst size was approximately one-fifth that of wild-type Mu. The mor requirement for plaque formation and normal growth kinetics was abolished when C protein was provided in trans, indicating that the primary function of Mor is to provide sufficient C for late gene expression. Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence of Mor with other proteins revealed that Mor and C share substantial amino acid sequence homology.