Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnetic resonance-based morphometry: a window into structural plasticity of the brain

Purpose of reviewIn contrast to traditional anatomical and pathological methods, magnetic resonance morphometry of the brain allows the in-vivo study of temporal changes in brain morphology and the correlation of brain morphology with brain function. Magnetic resonance morphometry has thereby recently emerged as one of the most promising fields in clinical neuroscience. This review covers the last 3 years, which have witnessed remarkable progress in this alluring new field. Recent findingsNext to the detection of structural differences in grey and white matter in a number of brain diseases, a very important recent finding of magnetic resonance-based morphometry is the discovery of the brain's ability to alter its shape within weeks, reflecting structural adaptation to physical and mental activity. Consequently, magnetic resonance morphometry promises to be a powerful method to study disease states of the brain and to track the effects of novel therapies. SummaryDespite these fascinating prospects, the results of morphometric studies are still dependent on the properties of the individual magnetic resonance scanner, which renders pooling of data almost impossible. It is also not known what the structural plasticity is based on at the histological or cellular level. Once these obstacles are overcome, magnetic resonance-based morphometry will become a powerful method for multicenter and therapeutic trials of several brain diseases.
Students at Risk: Detection and Remediation

Detecting students at risk of failing is particularly useful and desirable when it is done in a timely manner and accompanied with practical information that can help with remediation. In this paper we investigate ways to detect students at risk of failing early in the semester for timely intervention. The context of our study is a first year computer programming course. We explore whether the use of several student data sources can improve the process: submission steps and outcomes in an automatic marking system that provides instant feedback, student activity in the discussion forum Piazza and assessment marks during the semester. We built a decision tree classifier that is able to predict whether students will pass or fail their final exam with an accuracy of 87% mid semester. The obtained rules are useful and actionable for teachers and students, and can be used to drive remediation.
Distributed Robust Bilinear State Estimation for Power Systems with Nonlinear Measurements

This paper proposes a fully distributed robust bilinear state-estimation (D-RBSE) method that is applicable to multi-area power systems with nonlinear measurements. We extend the recently introduced bilinear formulation of state estimation problems to a robust model. A distributed bilinear state-estimation procedure is developed. In both linear stages, the state estimation problem in each area is solved locally, with minimal data exchange with its neighbors. The intermediate nonlinear transformation can be performed by all areas in parallel without any need of inter-regional communication. This algorithm does not require a central coordinator and can compress bad measurements by introducing a robust state estimation model. Numerical tests on IEEE 14-bus, 118-bus benchmark systems, and a 1062-bus system demonstrate the validity of the method.
Energy-Efficient Resource Management in Ultra Dense Small Cell Networks: A Mean-Field Approach

In this paper, a novel approach for joint power control and user scheduling is proposed for optimizing energy efficiency (EE), in terms of bits per unit power, in ultra dense small cell networks (UDNs). To address this problem, a dynamic stochastic game (DSG) is formulated between small cell base stations (SBSs). This game enables to capture the dynamics of both the queues and channel states of the system. To solve this game, assuming a large homogeneous UDN deployment, the problem is cast as a mean field game (MFG) in which the MFG equilibrium is analyzed with the aid of low-complexity tractable two partial differential equations. User scheduling is formulated as a stochastic optimization problem and solved using the drift plus penalty (DPP) approach in the framework of Lyapunov optimization. Remarkably, it is shown that by weaving notions from Lyapunov optimization and mean field theory, the proposed solution yields an equilibrium control policy per SBS which maximizes the network utility while ensuring users' quality- of-service. Simulation results show that the proposed approach achieves up to 18.1% gains in EE and 98.2% reductions in the network's outage probabilities compared to a baseline model.
A CMOS DC offset cancellation (DOC) circuit for PGA of low IF wireless receivers

In this paper, the sources of DC offset and the corresponding DC offset cancellation techniques are analyzed. A DC negative feedback technique based DC offset canceller (DOC) is designed in details and implemented by SMIC 0. 18μm CMOS process. DC offset detector is an important part of DOC. In this paper, an on chip DC offset detection circuit is proposed for the DC negative feedback canceller which can be used in the CMOS programmable gain amplifier (PGA) of a low intermediate frequency (IF) receiver such as IEEE802.15. 4/ZigBee wireless sensor network. Post-simulation and chip measurement results show that the DC offset canceller performs well.
Faktor Risiko Sick Building Syndrome

Di negara maju, orang menghabiskan waktu 90% di dalam bangunan, sehingga bangunan yang sehat dan nyaman merupakan hal yang paling utama. Saat ini, banyaknya pembangunan konstruksi bangunan hemat energi dapat menimbulkan penurunan kualitas udara. Hal ini dikarenakan terjadinya penurunan jumlah oksigen yang masuk, serta ditambah dengan sistem ventilasi yang buruk yang dapat menyebabkan kondisi lingkungan dalam ruangan yang tidak sehat dan nyaman, seperti Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko penyebab SBS. Tinjauan dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2017-Juni 2018 berupa studi literatur komprehensif terkait faktor risiko penyebab SBS. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu faktor risiko penyebab SBS dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu fisika, kimia, biologi, psikososial, personal, dan lain-lain seperti lokasi tempat tinggal di jalan raya, penggunaan bahan kimia anti serangga, serta hubungan kepemilikan dan umur bangunan. Kata Kunci: faktor risiko, identifikasi, sick building syndrome
Transforming research strategies for understanding and preventing obesity.

/index.php? title=Center_for_Consumer_Freedom. Accessed August 12, 2008. 9. Pereira MA, Kartashov AI, Ebbeling CB, et al. Fast food habits, weight gain, and insulin resistance in a 15-year prospective analysis of the CARDIA study. Lancet. 2005;365(9453):36-42. 10. Haber GB, Heaton KW, Murphy D, Burroughs LF. Depletion and disruption of dietary fibre: effects on satiety, plasma-glucose, and serum-insulin. Lancet. 1977; 2(8040):679-682. 11. PepsiCo. PepsiCo joins with America’s YMCAs to help Americans live healthier lives. http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml? c=78265&p=irol-newsArticle& ID=828887&highlight. Accessed August 12, 2008. 12. Lesser LI, Ebbeling CB, Goozner M, Wypij D, Ludwig DS. Relationship between funding source and conclusion among nutrition-related scientific articles. PLoS Med. 2007;4(1):e5. 13. American Dietetic Association. American Dietetic Association welcomes the Coca-Cola Co as an ADA partner. http://www.eatright. org/cps/rde/xchg/ada/hs . xsl/media_16174_ENU_HTML. htm. Accessed August 12, 2008. 14. State Attorney General NY. Media center: executive summary. http://www . oag.state. ny.us/media_center/reports/nonprofit/full_text. html. Accessed September 3, 2008. 15. Wootan MG; Center for Science in the Public Interest. Study shows progress in getting soft drinks out of schools, still two-thirds of school beverage sales are sugary drinks. http://www.cspinet. com/new/200709171.html. Accessed September 3, 2008.
Focal seizure symptoms in idiopathic generalized epilepsies

Objective: We sought to study the frequency and prognostic value of focal seizure symptoms (FSS) in idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGE) using a validated tool: Epilepsy Diagnostic Interview Questionnaire and Partial Seizure Symptom Definitions. Methods: Participants with IGE were recruited from epilepsy clinics at 2 tertiary hospitals. The diagnosis was validated and classified into syndromes according to the International League Against Epilepsy criteria by 2 epileptologists independently with discordance resolved by consensus. The Epilepsy Diagnostic Interview Questionnaire utilizes both open- and closed-ended questions to elicit FSS in association with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, myoclonus, and absences. The elicited FSS were classified according to the Partial Seizure Symptom Definitions. Regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between the duration of seizure freedom and FSS. Results: A total of 135 patients were studied, of whom 70 (51.9%) reported FSS. Those symptoms occurred in association with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (53.1%) as well as myoclonus and absences (58%). FSS were reported with similar frequency in juvenile absence epilepsy (62.5%) and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (60%), and with a lesser frequency in generalized epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures only (39.5%) and childhood absence epilepsy (33.3%). A strong relationship between FSS and duration of seizure freedom was found (regression coefficient −0.665, p = 0.037). Conclusions: FSS are frequently reported by patients with IGE. A shorter duration of seizure freedom is associated with FSS. Recognition of the presence of FSS in IGE is important to avoid misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis as well as to choose appropriate antiepileptic drug therapy.
A pharmacokinetic study of cilazapril in elderly and young volunteers.

1. Cilazaprilat is an inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and is the active metabolite of cilazapril. The pharmacokinetics of cilazaprilat, and the inhibition of plasma ACE were investigated in 12 elderly and 12 young healthy volunteers. 2. Single oral 1 mg doses of cilazapril were given to the elderly (age range 65-83 years) and the young (age range 18-31 years) in an open study. Plasma and urinary cilazaprilat concentrations, and plasma ACE activities were measured up to 72 h after dosing by radioenzymatic methods. 3. Cilazapril was well tolerated in both young and elderly subjects. Small falls in blood pressure were observed up to 8-24 h after dosing. 4. The mean peak plasma cilazaprilat concentration in the elderly (11.5 ng ml-1) was significantly greater (P less than 0.02) than the corresponding value in the young (8.3 ng ml-1). Total and renal clearances were significantly lower (both P less than 0.05) in the elderly (12.8 and 5.11 h-1) than in the young (16.0 and 7.21 h-1). Total urinary recovery of cilazaprilat was similar for the two groups at about 43% of dose. 5. Plasma ACE inhibition was slightly greater in the elderly but the mean inhibition in the two groups did not differ by more than 10% at any time-point from 1-72 h. 6. The plasma concentrations of cilazaprilat required for 90% ACE inhibition were similar at 4.7 and 4.8 ng ml-1 in the elderly and young respectively. 7. It is concluded that the age-related changes in cilazaprilat kinetics and in the degree of ACE inhibition are small. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Age-of-information in the presence of error

We consider the peak age-of-information (PAoI) in an M/M/1 queueing system with packet delivery error, i.e., update packets can get lost during transmissions to their destination. We focus on two types of policies, one is to adopt Last-Come-First-Served (LCFS) scheduling, and the other is to utilize retransmissions, i.e., keep transmitting the most recent packet. Both policies can effectively avoid the queueing delay of a busy channel and ensure a small PAoI. Exact PAoI expressions under both policies with different error probabilities are derived, including First-Come-First-Served (FCFS), LCFS with preemptive priority, LCFS with non-preemptive priority, Retransmission with preemptive priority, and Retransmission with non-preemptive priority. Numerical results obtained from analysis and simulation are presented to validate our results.
Nanocurcumin Preparation for Reducing Vcam-1 and IL-6 in High Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats

Hyperlipidemia is a pathological condition due to lipid metabolism abnormalities. Increased and oxidized LDL in hyperlipidemia will trigger an inflammatory response and produce proinflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Curcumin can be used as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory and antihyperlipidemia, but as it is practically insoluble in water, formulation of curcumin nanosuspension is made to improve the effects of curcumin therapy. This study was conducted to determine the activities of nanocurcumin preparation as preventive measures for rats induced with hyperlipidemia. The test animals used were 49 male Wistar rats divided into 7 test groups: normal control group, negative control group, 80mg/kg BW/day curcumin control group, and nanosuspension curcumin dose of 80mg/kg BW/day, nanoemulsion curcumin dose of 80mg/kg BW/day, SNEDDS curcumin dose of 80mg/kg BW/day and solid lipid nanoparticles dose of 80mg/kg BW/day. Provision of preventive measure was performed on days 1-67. On day 11-67, the induction of lard and egg yolk (1:1) was administered with a volume of 2mL/200g of rat BW. On the 68 th day, blood samples were taken for the determination of VCAM-1 and IL-6 parameters using Biotin-Streptavidin-Amplified Enzyme-Linked Immuno-sorbent Assay method. Data analysis of VCAM-1 and IL-6 levels between test groups were conducted by means of normality test and One-way ANOVA (p<0.05). Based on the data of VCAM-1 and IL-6 levels, nanocurcumin dose of 80mg/kg BW preparation was able to significantly improve the preventive activity of curcumin compared to curcumin suspension dose of 80mg/kg BW by reducing VCAM-1 levels in SNEDDS (53.260%), nanoemulsion (52.737%), nanosuspension (52.325%) and solid lipid nanoparticles (51.444%) and decreasing IL-6 levels in SNEDDS (33.030%), nanoemulsion (31.568%), nanosuspension (29.898%), and solid lipid nanoparticles (28.875%).
Timed-sequential induction therapy improves postremission outcome in acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the Children's Cancer Group.

Timed sequencing of cycles of induction chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been proposed as a way to achieve maximal leukemic cell kill through recruitment and synchronization of residual neoplastic cells. Furthermore, whether intensive induction therapy should be continued in the presence of profound myelosuppression is an important question. The Children's Cancer Group (CCG) conducted a prospective randomized trial in which 589 patients with AML were randomized at diagnosis to one of two induction approaches involving a 4-day cycle of five active chemotherapeutic agents, with the second cycle administered either 10 days after the first cycle, despite low or dropping blood counts (intensive timing), or 14 days or later from the beginning of the first cycle, depending on bone marrow status (standard timing). All patients achieving remission received a total of four cycles of induction therapy. They were then allocated to allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) if a compatible family donor was present or randomized to aggressive nonmyeloablative therapy or to myeloablative therapy with purged autologous BMT rescue. The three postremission arms remain coded. Induction success and median days to complete induction were similar for the 295 patients randomized to the intensive timing arm (75%, 99 days) compared with the 294 patients randomized to the standard timing arm (70%, 105 days; P = .18 for remission). However, a marked improvement in outcome was demonstrated in patients randomized to the intensive timing arm, with an actuarial event-free survival at 3 years of 42% +/- 7% (95% confidence interval [CI]) versus 27% +/- 6% for patients on the standard timing arm (P = .0005). Disease-free survival results at 3 years from the end of induction were superior for patients receiving intensively timed induction therapy (N = 211), 55% +/- 9% versus 37% +/- 9% for standard timing patients (N = 195, P = .0002), with a median follow-up from achieving remission of 28 months. Superior results were documented for patients receiving intensive timing irrespective of the postremission therapy to which they were allocated. Intensively timed induction therapy for patients with AML markedly improves event-free survival, even for patients undergoing myeloablative therapy with BMT rescue. Without controlling for the type of induction therapy received, results of various BMT studies in AML comparing different preparative regimens will be difficult to interpret.
Extraction of Bioactive Component from Herbal Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata by Microwave, Ultrasound and Lactic Fermentation

Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata was demonstrated to have a benefit healthy due to containing active pharmaceutical ingredients. However, A. formosanus is usually processed to produce tea bags which would destroy the bioactive compounds because of the processing procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of extracted methods including microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and fermentation by Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC-4356 to extract the active pharmaceutical ingredients from A. formosanus. The extracted liquid was analyzed total phenolics, total polysaccharide, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that three methods have a positive effect on the extraction of bioactive compounds of A. formosanus in which the fermentation showed the best result. The total phenolic content, total polysaccharide content and antioxidant capacity that extracted by the fermentation method were 11.762 mg GAE/g; 48.914 mg GE/g, and 1.582 mgVit C/g compare to MAE and UAE which were 7.818 mg and 8.128 GAE/g samples; 41.22 and 37.91mg GE/g samples; 1.032 and 1.163 mgVit C/g respectively. The A. formosanus fermentation method by L. acidophilus promotes bioactive compounds of high biological value. This study would suggest a novel use of lactic fermenting A. formosanus in the production of functional foods.
Analysis of temperature and q-parameter dependencies of FCM with Tsallis entropy maximization

This study is dealing with the fuzzy c-means clustering combined with entropy maximization and deterministic annealing. The Tsallis entropy is the q-parameter extension of the Shannon entropy. By maximizing the Tsallis entropy within the framework of fuzzy c-means, a statistical mechanical membership function is obtained, which can be applicable to fuzzy clustering. The major issue of this method is that how should an appropriate q value for a data distribution be determined is unclear. Accordingly, in the previous study, we investigated the relationship between q and the annealing temperature by comparing the area of the membership function quantitatively. The result showed that q and the temperature affect the membership function's area almost inversely. In this article, this relationship is studied more analytically by integrating the membership function directly, and it is approximately confirmed that q and the temperature affect the shape of the membership function inversely. Based on this relationship, a q-incrementation algorithm is developed. An experiment is performed, and it is confirmed that the algorithm works properly. However, its performance is inferior to that of the conventional annealing method.
“Plastic” lasers: Comparison of gain narrowing with a soluble semiconducting polymer in waveguides and microcavities

Gain narrowing and lasing from a soluble, highly photoluminescent conjugated polymer, poly(2-butyl, 5-(2′-ethyl-hexyl)-1,4-phenylene vinylene) (BuEH-PPV), are compared using two resonant structures: planar waveguides and microcavities. The gain narrowing and lasing thresholds are comparable, 0.05–0.1 μJ (10 ns pulse focused to ∼1.5 mm). Gain narrowing is not observed in films on indium tin oxide (ITO) unless a cladding layer is placed between the BuEH-PPV and ITO. Single-mode microcavity lasers are obtained when a cavity resonance occurs at the wavelength where the gain of the polymer is maximum.
Joint Event Detection and Entity Resolution: a Virtuous Cycle

Clustering web documents has numerous applications, such as aggregating news articles into meaningful events, detecting trends and hot topics on the Web, preserving diversity in search results, etc. At the same time, the importance of named entities and, in particular, the ability to recognize them and to solve the associated co-reference resolution problem are widely recognized as key enabling factors when mining, aggregating and comparing content on the Web. Instead of considering these two problems separately, we propose in this paper a method that tackles jointly the problem of clustering news articles into events and cross-document co-reference resolution of named entities. The co-occurrence of named entities in the same clusters is used as an additional signal to decide whether two referents should be merged into one entity. These refined entities can in turn be used as enhanced features to re-cluster the documents and then be refined again, entering into a virtuous cycle that improves simultaneously the performances of both tasks. We implemented a prototype system and report results using the TDT5 collection of news articles, demonstrating the potential of our approach.
Nephron-Sparing Surgery for the Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma 4 to 7 cm in Size

The incidence of kidney cancer is gradually increasing over the past 2–3 decades [1]. 60 920 new cases of RCC have been diagnosed in the US in 2011 and 13 120 died of cancer [2]. The widespread use of modern radiological studies has substantially changed clinical presenta‐ tion of the renal tumors. Currently, there is a trend towards more frequent diagnosis of asymptomatic, incidental, smaller lesions [1, 3]. Nephron sparing surgery (NSS) was initially used in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) only for absolute and relative indica‐ tions [4]. Excellent oncological outcome and reduced morbidity after NSS have led to more frequent use of organ preserving surgery in many centers [4-7]. Elective NSS is currently the treatment of choice for T1a tumors (<4 cm) in the patients with a normal contralateral kid‐ ney. Its safety and oncological results have been evaluated in numerous studies [3, 8-10].