Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genomic alterations associated with pseudoprogression and hyperprogressive disease during anti-PD1 treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

Introduction This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between dynamic genomic mutation alteration and pseudoprogression (PsPD)/hyperprogressive disease (HPD) in immunotherapy-treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), to provide clinical evidence for identifying and distinguishing between PsPD and HPD. Method Patients with advanced NSCLC who were treated with anti-PD1 were enrolled. Whole blood was collected at baseline and post image progression. Serum was separated and sequenced using 425-panel next-generation sequencing analysis (NGS). Results NGS revealed that not only single gene mutations were associated with PsPD/HPD before treatment, dynamic monitoring of the whole-blood genome mutation spectrum also varied greatly. Mutational burden, allele frequency%, and relative circulating tumor DNA abundance indicated that the fold change after image progression was much higher in the HPD group. Discussion The gene mutation profiles of PsPD and HPD not only differed before treatment, but higher genome mutation spectrum post image progression indicated true disease progression in patients with HPD. This suggests that dynamic whole-genome mutation profile monitoring as NGS can distinguish PsPD from HPD more effectively than single gene detection, providing a novel method for guiding clinical immune treatment.
Coccoloba burkeae and C. najarroi, two new species of Coccoloba sect. Coccoloba (Polygonaceae) from Mexico

Background: Coccoloba is a Neotropical genus of trees, shrubs, and lianas with approximately 150 species. Reviwed Mexican specimens of Coccoloba do not correspond to any recognized species within the genus, so they are proposed as new species. Question: What are the morphological characteristics that differentiate the two new species from other Coccolobaspecies? What is its distribution and conservation status? Studied species: Species of Coccoloba sect. Coccoloba endemic to Mexico. Study site and dates: Chiapas and Veracruz, Mexico, 2022-2023. Methods: All available information for Coccoloba, including herbarium specimens and online databases, was reviewed. Subsequently, a comparative analysis was carried out including the two new species proposed and the recognized species in the genus. Geographic distribution maps were prepared and the conservation status of the new species was determined, following the IUCN guidelines. Results: Coccoloba burkeae and C. najarroi are described and illustrated as new species. Both are endemic to Mexico. C. burkeae is distributed in the humid forests of the Tuxtlas region in Veracruz and is morphologically similar to C. barbadensis, C. hondurensis and C. spicata; this species is considered in the Endangered (EN) category. C. najarroi is restricted to the humid forests of Chiapas and is similar to C. ascendens and C. ibarrae. This species is considered Critically Endangered (CR). Conclusions: The morphological characteristics of the fruit, the inflorescence and the leaves are important to diagnose the two new species of Coccoloba; both being endemic to Mexico.
Prediction of Shiraz wine flavour from volatile and odour intensity profiles

ABSTRACT Wine flavour is a critical driver of customer impression of quality associated with liking the wine and tendency to repurchase. However, winemaker and expert assessments poorly reflect customer impressions of wine flavour, and currently, available predictive capabilities are limited. This study developed predictive models for customer perceptions of Shiraz wine flavour, utilising the proportion of customer wine reviews mentioning a descriptor as the indicative measure to be predicted. To achieve this, two strategies were explored, which involved polynomial regression sourcing input terms from either: (1) volatile profiles directly, or (2) odour intensity (OI) values, produced via transformation of the volatile profiles using modified vector modelling (MVM). Neither strategy significantly outperformed the other (P = 0.834), however across the two strategies, a subset of 18 models from the 169 models generated had very good predictive potential (10-fold R2 > 90%). The 18 models presented herein provide a novel capacity for winemakers to predict customer perceptions of their Shiraz wine prior to market launch, to guide a marketing strategy to maximise customer satisfaction and thereby product success.
Industrial Big Data Analytical System in Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems Based on Coarse-to-Fine Deep Network

In smart factories, there have been increasing requirements for industrial Big Data analysis of complex systems. With the rapid development of industrial cyber-physical systems (ICPS) and communication techniques, the scale and complexity of industrial data are growing explosively, which not only provides massive operational information of industrial systems but also brings challenges in Big Data analysis. In this paper, to overcome the intra/inter-class distance unbalance and local minima problems in traditional deep learning-based methods, an industrial Big Data analytical system based on a coarse-to-fine network (CTFN) is proposed for intelligent industrial Big Data analysis and condition monitoring of complex system. In addition, considering the gap between semantic comprehension and natural characteristics of different failures, a structure learning algorithm is proposed to get rid of the complicated hyper-parameters and implement intelligentization authentically. Finally, an experimental verification was carried on a nuclear power system dataset with 362,994 samples from 66 fault categories. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in condition monitoring of industrial systems, which provides a promising tool for industrial Big Data analysis in ICPS.
Regional aspects of the Wristen petroleum system, southeastern New Mexico

Carbonate reservoirs of Siluro-Devonian age have produced more than 440 MMBO in southeastern New Mexico, or 9.9 percent of the oil produced in southeastern New Mexico. Of the 48 reservoirs that have produced at least 1 MMBO from SiluroDevonian strata, 47 are productive from strata and only one is productive from the Devonian. The Wristen Formation (Silurian), which covers a large part of southeastern New Mexico, has yielded 84 percent of the Siluro-Devonian oil. Productive reservoirs are located on the Northwest Shelf, the Central Basin Platform, and in the Delaware Basin. Traps are formed primarily by anticlines bounded by high-angle faults of Late Paleozoic age. Paleostructure maps of the Northwest Shelf indicate major structural trends. Reservoirs within the deep Delaware Basin produce primarily gas from depths of more than 17,000 ft. Most reservoirs on the Northwest Shelf and Central Basin Platform produce oil with associated gas from reservoirs shallower than 13,000 ft. The vertical seal for most traps is provided by the Woodford Shale (Devonian). True thickness of the Woodford exceeds 250 ft in southern Lea County and thins to the north and west to a regional pinchout in southern Chaves and Roosevelt Counties. The Woodford is absent from large portions of the Central Basin Platform where it has been removed by erosion following Late Paleozoic uplift. The Woodford has good source character throughout its extent in southeastern New Mexico. TOC exceeds 1.5 percent in all places it was measured. TOC is highest is highest in southern Lea County and gradually decreases to less than 2 percent along the northwestern regional Woodford pinchout. Oil and gas accumulations have been discovered in Silurian strata northwest of the regional Woodford pinchout where the Silurian carbonates are overlain by Mississippian, and in places Pennsylvanian strata. The Woodford Shale is thermally mature over its entire extent in the Delaware Basin. It is in the thermogenic gas and condensate window in the deeper parts of the
Multi-Task Dual Boundary Aware Network for Retinal Layer Segmentation

Layer segmentation of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images is an important step in diagnosing retinal diseases. However, the presence of some artifacts and noise in OCT images often leads to unsatisfactory layer segmentation results. Especially when the number of layers to be segmented is particularly large, the boundaries between layers are indistinguishable, which poses a great challenge to automatic and accurate segmentation. To solve these problems, we propose a novel multi-task dual boundary-aware network to improve the retinal layer segmentation performance in OCT images. Specifically, based on the hierarchical relationship between retinal layers, we design a dual boundary representation method to encode the bidirectional boundary information between layers. Then we design a multi-task architecture and a novel consistency loss to utilize the boundary representation to make the segmentation more accurate. For evaluation, we have built a large-scale OCT layer segmentation dataset with 1,200 images. The comprehensive experimental results show that our method achieves superior performance over other state-of-the-art algorithms.
Gait Variability at Different Walking Speeds

Gait variability (GV) is a crucial measure of inconsistency of muscular activities or body segmental movements during repeated tasks. Hence, GV might serve as a relevant and sensitive measure to quantify adjustments of walking control. However, it has not been clarified whether GV is associated with walking speed, a clarification needed to exploit effective better bilateral coordination level. For this aim, fourteen male students (age 22.4 ± 2.7 years, body mass 74.9 ± 6.8 kg, and body height 1.78 ± 0.05 m) took part in this study. After three days of walking 1 km each day at a self-selected speed (SS) on asphalt with an Apple Watch S. 7 (AppleTM, Cupertino, CA, USA), the participants were randomly evaluated on a treadmill at three different walking speed intensities for 10 min at each one, SS − 20%/SS + 20%/ SS, with 5 min of passive recovery in-between. Heart rate (HR) was monitored and normalized as %HRmax, while the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) (CR-10 scale) was asked after each trial. Kinematic analysis was performed, assessing the Contact Time (CT), Swing Time (ST), Stride Length (SL), Stride Cycle (SC), and Gait Variability as Phase Coordination Index (PCI). RPE and HR increased as the walking speed increased (p = 0.005 and p = 0.035, respectively). CT and SC decreased as the speed increased (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.013, respectively), while ST remained unchanged (p = 0.277). SL increased with higher walking speed (p = 0.0001). Conversely, PCI was 3.81 ± 0.88% (high variability) at 3.96 ± 0.47 km·h−1, 2.64 ± 0.75% (low variability) at SS (4.94 ± 0.58 km·h−1), and 3.36 ± 1.09% (high variability) at 5.94 ± 0.70 km·h−1 (p = 0.001). These results indicate that while the metabolic demand and kinematics variables change linearly with increasing speed, the most effective GV was observed at SS. Therefore, SS could be a new methodological approach to choose the individual walking speed, normalize the speed intensity, and avoid a gait pattern alteration.
E-government development and governance in MENA countries: an empirical study

Objectives: The objective of this study is to examine the impact of e-government on a battery of governance indicators in a sample of 17 Middle East and North African countries during the period 2003-2019. Methods/Approach: The analysis is based on advanced econometric tools, which consist of second-generation panel data techniques allowing the control of cross-section dependence and slope homogeneity when estimating the short-and long-run impacts of e-government on governance. Results: The preliminary analysis suggests the presence of slope homogeneity and cross-section dependence in the data, while the second-generation panel unit root test indicate that all variables are stationary at first-difference. The second-generation panel cointegration test indicates the existence of long-run relationships between e-government adoption and governance indicators. Furthermore, the PMG-ARDL confirms that role of e-government in reducing corruption and improving the rule of law in the long-run. On the other hand, no significant impact of e-government on voice and accountability, government effectiveness, and regulatory quality were detected. The short-run analysis also reveals no effects on governance. Conclusions: These results are important for improving institutional quality in the MENA region via the adoption of e-government.
Advances in Fabrication Technologies for the Development of Next-Generation Cardiovascular Stents

Coronary artery disease is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease, claiming millions of lives annually around the world. The current treatment includes surgically inserting a tubular construct, called a stent, inside arteries to restore blood flow. However, due to lack of patient-specific design, the commercial products cannot be used with different vessel anatomies. In this review, we have summarized the drawbacks in existing commercial metal stents which face problems of restenosis and inflammatory responses, owing to the development of neointimal hyperplasia. Further, we have highlighted the fabrication of stents using biodegradable polymers, which can circumvent most of the existing limitations. In this regard, we elaborated on the utilization of new fabrication methodologies based on additive manufacturing such as three-dimensional printing to design patient-specific stents. Finally, we have discussed the functionalization of these stent surfaces with suitable bioactive molecules which can prove to enhance their properties in preventing thrombosis and better healing of injured blood vessel lining.
Application of array backprojection to tsunami prediction and early warning

Teleseismic and static geodetic data have weak constraints on the offshore slip while tsunami data are limited by their availability, so predictions of tsunami waves in the near‐field remain challenging. In this study, we develop a near‐field tsunami prediction approach based on seismic array backprojections (BP). In this approach, the rupture area is first estimated by enclosing the BP radiators. Then slip models with uniform slip are constructed based on statistical scaling relations between rupture area and seismic moment to predict the near‐field tsunami waveforms. The method is applied to the 2011 Tohoku, 2014 Iquique, and 2015 Illapel tsunami events, and the model predictions are compared with tsunami recordings at 57 tidal gauges and nine DART stations. Results show that the average error of arrival time and amplitude nearshore is approximately −15 to +5 min and 0.5 m, respectively, which are sufficiently small for tsunami warning purposes.
Formation of Continental Crust at the Izu–Honshu Collision Zone

The tectonic setting of arc-arc collision and arc accretion in the Izu-collision zone is similar to that of Archean orogenic belts (e.g. Taira et al., 1992). Understanding the petrological processes of granite formation in the Izu-collision zone, where the geodynamic information is not modiﬁed by polyphase deformation and metamorphism, may contribute to understanding ancient orogenic belts, especially those related to collisional settings. The Paciﬁc plate began subducting beneath the Philippine Sea plate about 50 million years ago to produce the currently active Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) arc. The collision between the northern IBM arc system and the Honshu arc of the Eurasia plate has been occurring since the middle Miocene (c. 15 Ma) as a consequence of the northwestward migration of the Philippine Sea plate. The collision has led to the accretion of IBM arc crust to the Honshu arc, associated with a southward migration of the plate boundary and trench system. Neogene granite plutons are widely exhumed by tectonic uplift associated with arc collision. Tamura et al. (2010) integrated new geochemical results with recent geophysical imaging of the arc and concluded that Miocene plutonic rocks in the Izu collision zone were derived from the Eocene-Oligocene middle crust, which was partially melted, remobilized and rejuvenated during the collision. Similar rejuvenating processes may have operated in other collision zones. Moreover, (1) the maﬁc arc lower crust is missing at the collision zone (Kitamura et al., 2003) and (2) the aseismic Philippine Sea plate, which is subductiong to depths of 130-140 km without evidence of a tear or other gap, has been detected even beneath areas 120 km NW of the collision zone (Nakajima 2009). Thus, collisional coalescence accompanies delamination of arc maﬁc lower crust. Both processes are inevitable at the collision and necessary to yield continental crust.
The integrated studies of geography:Coupling of patterns and processes

Geography is a subject which perceptibly reveals integration and regionalism. The integration means that the diversiform subjects in which geography is involved,and that the regionalism of geography is reflected by the regional differentiation. Through the comprehensive study of the interrelationships among the constituent elements of earth system and the relationship between natural and human systems,it helps us understand the variations of the past,present and future of earth system,and grasp the essence of these changes.Pattern helps us to understand the external features of the world and the process is conducive to the understanding of the internal biophysical mechanism of the world. On the basis of field observations and long- term comprehensive surveys,coupling of patterns and processes at different spatiotemporal scales is an effective way to understand and solve the problems in the field of geography. By analysis of the case studies in the Loess Plateau,the methods of coupling the patterns and processes in the integrated research of geography are discussed and explored.
Dependence of joint spacing on rock properties in carbonate strata

Joint density is studied in relation to petrographic and petrophysical parameters in two sedimentary carbonate formations characterized by different diagenetic histories: the Kimmeridgian limestones of the Chay Peninsula (western France) with a mean joint density of 6.37 fractures per meter (fr/m) (1.94 fr/ft), and the Bathonian limestones of the Bouye outcrop (western France) with a mean joint density of 1.9 fr/m (0.58 fr/ft). The Chay carbonates are characterized by a lower CaCO3 content, a higher average porosity, and a lower sound velocity than values recorded in the Bouye limestones. The compressive strength and Young's modulus of the Bouye carbonates are, respectively, 10 and 3 times higher than in the Chay carbonates. A statistical analysis was used to identify relationships between joint density and carbonate rock properties. When facies variations are marked, the joint density at outcrop scale is related to the mean bed thickness, the facies descriptors, and the Young's modulus. When textural variations are more limited, the joint density is controlled by the porosity. At the scale of a sedimentary basin, 63.8% of the variation in joint density may be accounted for by Young's modulus and the sparite/micrite ratio. The decrease in the sparite/micrite ratio reflects an increased number of grain boundaries in the carbonate rock, which limits grain deformation and enhances joint density. The variations in Young's modulus depend essentially on the porosity and mineralogy of the studied rocks. Any increase in CaCO3 content or decrease in porosity is associated with an increase in the elastic properties of the rock and a reduction of joint density.
Varietal Authenticity Assessment of QTMJ Tea Using Non-Targeted Metabolomics and Multi-Elemental Analysis with Chemometrics

In this paper, a combination of non-targeted metabolomics and multi-element analysis was used to investigate the impact of five different cultivars on the sensory quality of QTMJ tea and identify candidate markers for varietal authenticity assessment. With chemometric analysis, a total of 54 differential metabolites were screened, with the abundances significantly varied in the tea cultivars. By contrast, the QTMJ tea from the Yaoshan Xiulv (XL) monovariety presents a much better sensory quality as result of the relatively more abundant anthocyanin glycosides and the lower levels of 2′-o-methyladenosine, denudatine, kynurenic acid and L-pipecolic acid. In addition, multi-elemental analysis found 14 significantly differential elements among the cultivars (VIP > 1 and p < 0.05). The differences and correlations of metabolites and elemental signatures of QTMJ tea between five cultivars were discussed using a Pearson correlation analysis. Element characteristics can be used as the best discriminant index for different cultivars of QTMJT, with a predictive accuracy of 100%.
Pragmatic Evaluation of Process Corners in ULP Subthreshold Circuits With Quantum Confinement Effects in Junctionless Nanowire Transistor

This paper proposes a simplified analytical approach to analyze the influence of process variations including quantum confinement effect (QCE) on the functionality of ultralow power (ULP) subthreshold 1) inverter and 2) Schmitt trigger (ST) circuits implemented with gate-all-around (GAA) junctionless (JL) nanowire transistor (NWT). QCE and variability-centric analysis of process corners reveal severe constraints to maintain functionality in worst-case scenarios corresponding to 1) fast NMOS–slow PMOS for inverter as noise margin reduces; 2) slow <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-sub-circuit-fast <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-sub-circuit in ST as symmetry is disturbed; and 3) slow NMOS and PMOS feedback transistors in ST as hysteresis width is degraded. In addition, the minimum operating voltage is shown to degrade for the above cases i.e. <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim \times 8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim \times 3$ </tex-math></inline-formula> higher than the nominal case for ULP inverter and ST, respectively. A ULP circuit implemented using JL devices with moderate doping and longer underlap is the best suited to accommodate <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3\sigma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> variations in threshold voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathbf {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). The proposed approach serves as a guide to evaluate and mitigate the impact of the variability in ULP circuits.