Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Electroplating Waste Water on Immune Function in Kunming Mice

Electroplating waste water is considered to be harmful to health of animals. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that electroplating waste water would suppress immune functions in Kunming mice. Twenty-six mice were randomly divided into the control group (n = 13) and the experimental group (n = 13), in which the latter drank electroplating waste water. We found that body mass and most organ wet masses (heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, stomach, caecum, colon, testes, epididymis, seminal vesicals) were not influenced by electroplating waste water. However, stomach with its content, small intestine, small intestine with its contents and colon with its contents were higher in the experimental group than in the control group. As expected, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) response indicative of cellular immunity was suppressed by electroplating waste water. White blood cells, thymus and spleen mass were all not response to electroplating waste water. Taken together, electroplating waste water had different effects on distinct components of immune system in Kunming mice.
Consistency conditions for orientifolds and D-manifolds.

We study superstrings with orientifold projections and with generalized open string boundary conditions (D branes). We find two types of consistency condition, one related to the algebra of Chan-Paton factors and the other to cancellation of divergences. One consequence is that the Dirichlet five branes of the type I theory carry a symplectic gauge group, as required by string duality. As another application we study the type I theory on a {ital K}3 {ital Z}{sub 2} orbifold, finding a family of consistent theories with various unitary and symplectic subgroups of U(16){times}U(16). We argue that the {ital K}3 orbifold with spin connection embedded in gauge connection corresponds to an interacting conformal field theory in the type I theory. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society. }
Cardiac Atrial Myosin Adenosine Triphosphatase of Animals and Humans

Cardiac myosin obtained from atria had a higher Ca2+-activated ATPase activity than did cardiac myosin from ventricles in various species of animals and in humans. The increased specific activity of Ca2+-activated adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) of atrial myosin appeared to correlate with the level of the activity of ventricular myosin ATPase in the animal, since the same order in ATPase activity, as observed in ventricular myosins from various animals, was noted in atrial myosins. The enzymatic properties of atrial myosin also were characterized by no activation by N-ethylmaleimide, low activating energy, and a lower rate of inactivation at alkaline pH compared with the same properties of ventricular myosin. These findings suggest a difference in the myosin molecule at or near the active site, involving some sulfhydryl groups, between the two types of cardiac myosin. The Mg2+-activated ATPase activity, both in the presence and absence of actin (which is thought to be closely related to the basic contraction mechanism), also was enhanced in atrial myosin. Thus, the ATPase activities of atrial and ventricular myosins were different with special reference to the reaction pathway involving calcium and magnesium ions and appear to account for the difference in the velocity of contraction between the atria and the ventricles. Ore Res 45:532-627, 1979
An Abstract Semantics and Concrete Language for Continuous Queries over Streams and Relations

Despite the recent surge of research in query processing over data streams, little attention has been devoted to defining precise semantics for continuous queries over streams. We first present an abstract semantics based on several building blocks: formal definitions for streams and relations, mappings among them, and any relational query language. From these basics we define a precise interpretation for continuous queries over streams and relations. We then propose a concrete language, CQL (for Continuous Query Language), which instantiates the abstract semantics using SQL as the relational query language and window specifications derived from SQL-99 to map from streams to relations. We identify some equivalences that can be used to rewrite CQL queries for optimization, and we discuss some additional implementation issues arising from the language and its semantics. We have implemented a substantial fraction of CQL in a Data Stream Management System at Stanford, and we have developed a public repository of data stream applications that includes a wide variety of queries expressed in CQL.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Studies of the performance of the ATLAS detector using cosmic-ray muons

Muons from cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere provide a high-statistics source of particles that can be used to study the performance and calibration of the ATLAS detector. Cosmic-ray muons can penetrate to the cavern and deposit energy in all detector subsystems. Such events have played an important role in the commissioning of the detector since the start of the installation phase in 2005 and were particularly important for understanding the detector performance in the time prior to the arrival of the first LHC beams. Global cosmic-ray runs were undertaken in both 2008 and 2009 and these data have been used through to the early phases of collision data-taking as a tool for calibration, alignment and detector monitoring. These large datasets have also been used for detector performance studies, including investigations that rely on the combined performance of different subsystems. This paper presents the results of performance studies related to combined tracking, lepton identification and the reconstruction of jets and missing transverse energy. Results are compared to expectations based on a cosmic-ray event generator and a full simulation of the detector response.
Towards Ontology Construction from Arabic Texts-A Proposed Framework

Ontology is one of the most popular representation model used for knowledge representation, sharing and reusing. In light of the importance of ontology, different methodologies for building ontologies have been proposed. Ontology construction is a difficult and time-consuming process. Many efforts have been made to help ontology engineers to construct ontologies and to overcome the bottleneck of knowledge acquisition. But the majority of these methods have focused on the English language. There is a huge amount of information and knowledge in Arabic documents. So, there is a dispirit need for building Arabic ontology. In this paper, we propose a framework for ontology construction from Arabic texts based on The Holy Hadith (Sayings of the Prophet Mohammed). We also summarize the state of the art in Arabic ontology construction. The challenges facing ontology engineers in constructing ontology from Arabic texts and the way these challenges might be solved is discussed.
Impact of HbA 1 c screening criterion on the diagnosis of prediabetes among US adults 1

Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, NY, NY, USA (DMM); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Epidemiology and Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA (APC, PM); Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, NY, NY, USA (DS); Tulane University Division of Endocrinology and Department of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA (VF); National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (CSF).
A multi-objective evolutionary algorithm with an interpretability improvement mechanism for linguistic fuzzy systems with adaptive defuzzification

In this paper we propose a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm with a mechanism to improve the interpretability in the sense of complexity for Linguistic Fuzzy Rule based Systems with adaptive defuzzification. The use of parameters in the defuzzification operator introduces a series of values or associated weights to each rule, which improves the accuracy but increases the system complexity and therefore has an effect on the system interpretability. To this end, we use maximizing the accuracy as an usual objective for the evolutionary process, and we define objectives related with interpretability, using three metrics: minimizing the classical number of rules, the number of rules with weights associated and the average number of rules triggered by each example. The proposed method was compared in an experimental study with a single objective accuracy-guided algorithm in two real problems showing that many solutions in the Pareto front dominate those obtained by the single objective-based one.
Cohort Variations in Family Life Cycle Experiences of U. S. Females

A family life cycle typologyforfemales between ages 15 and 50 is developed to provide a measure offamily change and diversity. The typology describes five possible life cycle courses: "early death, " "spinster, " "childless, " "broken marriage-with children, " and "preferred. "Then the distribution of white and nonwhitefemales in birth cohorts from 1890-94 through 1930-34 according to type of life cycle experienced are calculated. The trend over this 40-year period and differences between white and nonwhite family structure are discussed on the basis of these calculations.
A versatile lab testbed for Underwater Sensor Networks

The past few years have witnessed a significant progress in the research of underwater wireless networks. Many protocols and applications have been proposed. However, due to high costs of field tests, not all research work can be evaluated in real environment. To facilitate the researches of underwater networks, we develop a lab testbed based on the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) lab modems and a software protocol stack: SeaLinx. The testbed has the same design as the real system we deployed in sea. With the help of the lab testbed, we can conduct various tests in the lab including protocols evaluations and underwater application developments.
PMN‐kinin and kinin metabolizing enzymes in normal and malignant leucocytes

1 Studies have been carried out on the kinin‐forming and kinin destroying activity of rabbit macrophages obtained from the lung before and after BCG injection and from the peritoneal cavity following mineral oil injection. A similar study was carried out with L‐1210 leukaemic cells obtained from the peritoneal cavity of mice. 2 The macrophages and leukaemic cells contain enzymes that form kinins from purified kininogen substrates at acid pH. The kinin‐forming activity is not limited to the lysosomal fraction of the cell since it is found in extra‐lysosomal compartments. Delta‐guanidovaleryl benzyl ester partially inhibits the kinin‐forming activity. Trasylol does not inhibit the kinin‐forming activity of these cells, but does inhibit the kininases of these cells. The lack of effectiveness of this agent as a general anti‐inflammatory agent is thus explained. 3 The kininases of the normal and malignant cells are also inhibited by chloromethyl ketones such as tosyl‐lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK) and tosyl‐phenylalanine‐chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) as well as by copper salts. Hydroxyquinoline has no inhibitory action on these cells, indicating that they differ from the plasma kininases. 4 Investigation of the kinins produced by enzymes in rabbit and human polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells has demonstrated the formation of a kinin that differs from bradykinin and other known mammalian kinins in its pharmacological properties, molecular weight, and amino‐terminal end group. This peptide has been named PMN‐kinin. 5 Overall, the investigation has demonstrated the importance of white cells in contributing to the formation and destruction of “extra‐plasma” sources of kinins by enzymes which differ from plasma enzymes. Anti‐inflammatory agents may have different actions on these cell enzymes from those on plasma enzymes.
Ibm Research Report Itinerant Agents for Mobile Computing

LIMITED DISTRIBUTION NOTICE This report has been submitted for publication outside of IBM and will probably be copyrighted if accepted for publication. It has been issued as a Research Report for early dissemination of its contents. In view of the transfer of copyright to the outside publisher, its distribution outside of IBM prior to publication should be limited to peer communications and speciic requests. After outside publication, requests should be lled only by reprints or legally obtained copies of the article (e.g., payment of royalties).
A Conceptual Model of Intentional Comfort Touch

This article discusses the application and integration of intentional comfort touch as a holistic nursing practice. A review of the literature on touch and its related concepts is included. Although nurses use touch frequently in patient encounters, it is not always used intentionally or deliberately to enhance care. The article compares and contrasts intentional comfort touch with nonintentional or procedural touch. The use of intentional comfort touch in innovative clinical settings with diverse and at-risk populations is described. Based on clinical experiences and the current literature, a conceptual model of intentional comfort touch is proposed. The application of touch is discussed as is the meaning and importance of intentional touch for students, faculty, and patients.
Precise understanding of data retention mechanisms for MONOS memories: Toward simultaneous improvement of retention and endurance performances by SiN engineering

We investigate the charge leakage path during data retention through the evaluation of its temperature dependence. As a result, it is experimentally demonstrated for the first time that the main leakage path of trapped charge changes depending on retention time. Furthermore, the direction of leakage path rather than trap energy profile in the SiN layer determines the temperature dependence of data retention characteristics. In addition, it is found that cycling degradation of data retention is due to increase in the charge loss through the tunnel layer. Based on the accurate understanding of data retention mechanisms, we show the possibility to achieve both of data retention and endurance improvements by SiN engineering.
Differential pH sensitivity of Kir4.1 and Kir4.2 potassium channels and their modulation by heteropolymerisation with Kir5.1

1 The inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir5.1 appears to form functional channels only by coexpression with either Kir4.1 or Kir4.2. Kir4.1‐Kir5.1 heteromeric channels have been shown to exist in vivo in renal tubular epithelia. However, Kir5.1 is expressed in many other tissues where Kir4.1 is not found. Using Kir5.1‐specific antibodies we have localised Kir5.1 expression in the pancreas, a tissue where Kir4.2 is also highly expressed. 2 Heteromeric Kir5.1‐Kir4.1 channels are significantly more sensitive to intracellular acidification than Kir4.1 currents. We demonstrate that this increased sensitivity is primarily due to modulation of the intrinsic Kir4.1 pH sensitivity by Kir5.1. 3 Kir4.2 was found to be significantly more pH sensitive (pKa= 7.1) than Kir4.1 (pKa= 5.99) due to an additional pH‐sensing mechanism involving the C‐terminus. As a result, coexpression with Kir5.1 does not cause a major shift in the pH sensitivity of the heteromeric Kir4.2‐Kir5.1 channel. 4 Cell‐attached single channel analysis of Kir4.2 revealed a channel with a high open probability (Po > 0.9) and single channel conductance of ˜25 pS, whilst coexpression with Kir5.1 produced novel bursting channels (Po < 0.3) and a principal conductance of ˜54 pS with several subconductance states. 5 These results indicate that Kir5.1 may form heteromeric channels with Kir4.2 in tissues where Kir4.1 is not expressed (e.g. pancreas) and that these novel channels are likely to be regulated by changes in intracellular pH. In addition, the extreme pH sensitivity of Kir4.2 has implications for the role of this subunit as a homotetrameric channel.
Could Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Really Lead to Changes in Voice of Swallowing Disorder Caused by a Stroke

This study investigated the effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) on the loudness, pitch and quality of the voice of the males diagnosed with dysphagia by stroke. NMES was conducted on experimental group of 15 patients for 2 months repeatedly while compensatory strategies for dysphagia were performed on control group of 15 patients. Loudness, pitch (F₀) and quality (Jitter, Shimmer, NNE; Normalized Noise Energy) of the voice was measured by using acoustic-phonetic analysis. For statistical test, difference in voice change after the treatments was compared by using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). As the result of analysis, NMES and compensatory strategies had significant difference in intensity, jitter and shimmer (p<.05) while they did not in pitch and NNE. After the intervention of NMES, voice loudness of the subjects was enhanced and periodicity of vocal cord vibration (Jitter, Shimmer) was stabilized. The results of this study imply that NMES may have effect on enhancement of voice loudness and stabilization of periodicity of vocal cord vibration.
Cross-validation of measures assessing decisional balance and self-efficacy for condom use.

The lack of unifying models and measurement approaches to evaluate condom use has limited the interpretation of numerous studies published in psychology medicine and family planning journals and has hampered the comparison and integration of findings across samples. To contribute to successful interventions in the prevention of HIV transmission and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) cumulative knowledge bases demand the widespread use of valid standardized measures. The Transtheoretical Model of Change (TMC) postulates two sensitive mediating variables decisional balance and self-efficacy. Four measures of condom use developed with 296 women at high risk for HIV infection or transmission representing the two constructs were cross-validated with 248 heterosexually active college men and women. Confirmatory factor analysis procedures were conducted with structural equation modeling. Factor structures for all condom-use measures were replicated using the second independent sample and a different method of analysis demonstrating the robustness of the scales. Extremely strong model fit indices resulted suggesting that more standardized measures can be used when assessing attitudes and behaviors toward condom use among heterosexual populations at various risk for HIV or STD infection.
Fast Algorithm for Composition of the Bernstein Polynomials

Composition of Bernstein polynomials is an important research topic in computer-aided geometric design. Some numerically stable algorithms for composition, such as Blossoming algorithm and optimal algorithm, which are computationally expensive. A fast algorithm to evaluate the coefficients of the resultant polynomials based on polynomial interpolation is presented. The reconstruction matrix used in interpolation is constant if the sampling points are chosen evenly in the parametric domain. Thus it can be computed in advance. To avoid numerical error, we employ a symbolic computation algorithm to evaluate the inverse matrix. The runtime analysis shows that the proposed algorithm is the fastest one among current algorithms and it does not involve numerical instability, additional storage and code complexity problems during implementation.
Effect of Serotype on Focus and Mortality of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease: Coverage of Different Vaccines and Insight into Non-Vaccine Serotypes

Background Differences in pathogenicity between pneumococcal serotypes are important when assessing the potential benefit of different valency vaccines. We investigated the effect of serotype on clinical presentation, outcome, and quality of life lost from invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the context of the 7, 10, and 13 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7, PCV10, PCV13). Method Serotyped IPD cases in England were linked to the national dataset of hospital admissions for April 2002 to March 2011. Based on patients’ diagnostic codes and vital status at the end of the admission, disease focus (meningitis, empyema, sepsis, or respiratory disease) and case fatality rates by serotype and age group (5, 5–64, and 65 years and over) were obtained. Using these data the quality adjusted life years (QALY) lost from the IPD remaining when use of PCV7 stopped in 2010 was estimated for the serotypes covered by higher valency vaccines. Results The linked dataset contained 23,688 cases with information on diagnosis, mortality, and serotype. There were significant differences between serotypes in the propensity to cause meningitis, death, and QALY loss in each of the investigated age groups. As a result, vaccines’ coverage of disease burden differed by endpoint. For example, in children under 5 years in 2009/10, PCV10 covered 39% of meningitis, 19% of deaths and 28% of the QALY loss of attributable to IPD, whereas the respective percentages for PCV13 were 65%, 67%, and 66%. The highest QALY loss per serotype in this age group was for 6A. Non-PCV serotypes causing the highest QALY loss were 22F and 33F in <5 year olds and 31 in older individuals. Conclusion Marked differences exist between serotypes in clinical presentation and outcome, and these should be considered when evaluating the potential impact of higher valency vaccines on overall disease burden and associated QALY loss.
Venous thromboembolism in the outpatient setting.

BACKGROUND There has been great interest in optimizing prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the hospital setting. However, data from earlier studies suggest that most VTEs occur in the outpatient setting. The purposes of this observational study were to describe the frequency of VTEs occurring in the outpatient setting, characterize the prevalence of previously identified risk factors for VTE, and identify previous use of VTE prophylaxis. METHODS The medical records of residents from the Worcester metropolitan area diagnosed as having International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes consistent with possible VTE during 1999, 2001, and 2003 were independently validated and reviewed by trained abstractors. RESULTS A total of 1897 subjects had a confirmed episode of VTE. In all, 73.7% of patients developed VTE in the outpatient setting; a substantial proportion of these patients had undergone surgery (23.1%) or hospitalization (36.8%) in the preceding 3 months. Among these patients, 67.0% experienced VTE within 1 month of the preceding hospital encounter. Other major risk factors for VTE in the outpatient setting included active malignant neoplasm (29.0%) or previous VTE (19.9%). Among 516 patients with a recent hospitalization who subsequently developed VTE, less than half (42.8%) had received anticoagulant prophylaxis for VTE during that visit. CONCLUSIONS More VTEs were diagnosed in the 3 months following hospitalization than during hospitalization. Efforts to improve in-hospital use of VTE prophylaxis may help decrease the incidence of outpatient VTE. However, given the shortening of hospital stays, studies of extended VTE prophylaxis following hospital discharge are warranted.