Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of the Mechanical Properties of Veneering Porcelain on Stress Distribution of Dental Zirconia Layered Structure: A Finite Element Model Study

The purpose of this study was to study effects of the mechanical properties of veneering porcelain on stress distribution of dental zirconia layered structure by three-dimensional finite element analysis. A 3-D geometric model of the first maxillary molar was established, a tooth preparation was simulated by the Imageware software. A crown was designed and divided into three layers: core, middle layer and outer veneer layer. The elasticity modulus of the middle layer was 70GPa for the control model up to 175GPa for the tested models. Loads of 200N were applied over a 1 mm diameter area beneath the tip of the mesial-distal cusp, simulating typical occlusal contact areas, the stress distribution of the crown systems were analyzed. Results show that within the geometry of the crown configuration, one concentration district of maximum principal stress occurred on the occlusal surface closely proximal to the loading position, several sub-maximum principal stress area were observed, such as margin regions of the mesial face, lingual face, distal faces, buccal face and occlusal fossa. Middle layer with higher modulus can effectively disperse the stress concentration in the layered zirconia all-ceramic crown system.
Black box delay fault models for non-scan sequential circuits

We presented nine new black box delay fault models for non-scan sequential circuits at the functional level, when the primary inputs and primary outputs are available only. We examined the suggested fault models in two stages. During the first stage of the experiment, we selected the best two fault models for further examination on the base of criterion proposed in the paper. During the second stage, we used the functional delay fault model and two black box delay fault models from the first stage for test selection. The comparison of fault coverages was carried out for transition faults. The obtained results demonstrate that transition fault coverages of tests selected based on proposed black box fault models are similar to coverages of tests selected based on functional delay fault model that uses the inner state of circuit.
49.2: A Study on Electron‐injecting and Surface‐modifying Layer for Transparent Organic Light Emitting Diodes

We present highly transparent organic light emitting diodes (TOLED) with new transparent cathode structures. This TOLED has ∼71.7% transmittance at 550 nm including the general glass encapsulation. Our transparent cathode stacks (organic layers / cathode) show 91.2% transmittance at 550 nm and low sheet resistance (5.4Ω/□). Such excellent performances are attributed to a new good electron injection system, flat surface morphology of Ag layer, and high refractive index capping layer of WO3.
The Influence of Language Experience on the Categorical Perception of Vowels: Evidence from Mandarin and Korean

Previous research on categorical perception of speech sounds has demonstrated a strong influence of language experience on the categorical perception of consonants and lexical tones. In order to explore the influence of language experience on vowel perception, the present study investigated the perceptual performance for Mandarin and Korean listeners along a vowel continuum, which spanned three vowel categories /a/, /ɜ/, and /u/. The results showed that both language groups exhibited categorical features in vowel perception, with a sharper categorical boundary of /ɜ/-/u/ than that of /a/-/ɜ/. Moreover, the differences found between the two groups revealed that the Korean listeners’ perception tended to be more categorical along the /a/-/ɜ/-/u/ vowel continuum than that of the Mandarin listeners. Furthermore, the Mandarin listeners tended to label stimuli more often as /a/ and less often as /u/ than the Korean counterparts. These perceptual differences between the Mandarin and Korean groups might be attributed to the different acoustic distribution in the F1×F2 vowel space of the two different native languages.
Anti-LGBT and Anti-immigrant Structural Stigma: An Intersectional Analysis of Sexual Minority Men's HIV Risk When Migrating to or Within Europe

Objective: Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) might be particularly likely to migrate to experience freedoms unavailable in their home countries. Structural stigma (eg, laws and policies promoting the unequal treatment of oppressed populations) in MSM migrants' sending and receiving countries represent potential barriers to HIV prevention among this intersectional population. This study represents the first investigation of structural determinants of HIV risk in a large, geographically diverse sample of MSM migrants. Design: The 2010 European MSM Internet Survey (n = 23,371 migrants) was administered across 38 European countries. Methods: Structural stigma was assessed using (1) national laws and policies promoting unequal treatment of sexual minorities across 181 countries worldwide and (2) national attitudes against immigrants in the 38 receiving countries. We also assessed linguistic status, time since migrating, and 5 HIV-prevention outcomes. Results: Structural stigma toward sexual minorities (in sending and receiving countries) and toward immigrants (in receiving countries) was associated with a lack of HIV-prevention knowledge, service coverage, and precautionary behaviors among MSM migrants. Linguistic status and time since migrating moderated some associations between structural stigma and lack of HIV prevention. Conclusions: Structural stigma toward MSM and immigrants represents a modifiable structural determinant of the global HIV epidemic.
Pattern Tree Algebras: Sets or Sequences?

XML and XQuery semantics are very sensitive to the order of the produced output. Although pattern-tree based algebraic approaches are becoming more and more popular for evaluating XML, there is no universally accepted technique which can guarantee both a correct output order and a choice of efficient alternative plans.We address the problem using hybrid collections of trees that can be either sets or sequences or something in between. Each such collection is coupled with an Ordering Specification that describes how the trees are sorted (full, partial or no order). This provides us with a formal basis for developing a query plan having parts that maintain no order and parts with partial or full order.It turns out that duplicate elimination introduces some of the same issues as order maintenance: it is expensive and a single collection type does not always provide all the flexibility required to optimize this properly. To solve this problem we associate with each hybrid collection a Duplicate Specification that describes the presence or absence of duplicate elements in it. We show how to extend an existing bulk tree algebra, TLC [12], to use Ordering and Duplicate specifications and produce correctly ordered results. We also suggest some optimizations enabled by the flexibility of our approach, and experimentally demonstrate the performance increase due to them.
Germline genetic variation and treatment response on CCG‐1891

Recent studies suggest that polymorphisms in genes encoding enzymes involved in drug detoxification and metabolism may influence disease outcome in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We sought to extend current knowledge by using standard and novel statistical methodology to examine polymorphic variants of genes and relapse risk, toxicity, and drug dose delivery in standard risk ALL.
A double negative metamaterial inspired miniaturized rectangular patch antenna with improved gain and bandwidth

The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of a Rectangular patch antenna, in terms of its bandwidth, gain and directivity, operating in the X-band (812) GHz. The introduction of a composite structure having simultaneous negative permittivity and negative permeability, called double negative metamaterial or left handed material (LHM) as a superstrate layer above an antenna will affect the antenna's basic performance characteristics, such as gain, Bandwidth, directivity and radiation efficiency. The LHM structure used is a single unit cell, which is a combination of a Hexagonal Split Ring Resonator (H-SRR) and a Capacitive Loaded Strip (CLS). The range of resonant frequencies and the corresponding negative values of permeability (μr) and permittivity (εr) is observed. The incorporation of a 9 × 9 array LHM structure with a single Rectangular patch Antenna, enhanced the Antenna's performance characteristics. Simulated numerical results indicate an increasing gain with a value of 6.53 dB and directivity of 8.129 dBi. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna is measured to be 4.65%.
Brain Injury as the Result of Violence: A Systematic Scoping Review

ABSTRACT This scoping review investigated risk factors, impacts, outcomes, and service implications of violence-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) for individuals and their informal caregivers. A systematic search (Web of Science, PubMed, PsycInfo, ProQuest, Medline, Informit; 1990–2015) identified 17 studies meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Violence was the cause of between 3% and 26% of all TBIs. Males, a non-White racial background, preinjury unemployment, and preinjury substance abuse problems all elevated the risk for sustaining a violence-related TBI compared to other-cause TBI. However, few differences were observed in 12 months postinjury outcomes. No studies investigated the impact of violence-related TBI on informal caregivers.
Examining employee computer abuse intentions: insights from justice, deterrence and neutralization perspectives

Although employee computer abuse is a costly and significant problem for firms, the existing academic literature regarding this issue is limited. To address this gap, we apply a multi‐theoretical model to explain employees' intentions to abuse computers. To understand the motives for such behaviour, we investigate the role of two forms of organizational justice – distributive and procedural – both of which provide explanations of how perceptions of unfairness are created in the organizational context. By applying deterrence theory, we also examine the extent to which formal sanctions influence and moderate the intentions to abuse computers. Finally, we examine how the potential motives for abuse may be moderated by techniques of neutralization, which allow offenders to justify their actions and absolve themselves of any associated feelings of guilt and shame. Utilizing the scenario‐based factorial survey method for our experimental design, we empirically evaluated the association between these antecedents and the behavioural intention to violate Information systems (IS) security policies in an environment where the measurement of actual behaviour would be impossible. Our findings suggest that individual employees may form intentions to commit computer abuse if they perceive the presence of procedural injustice and that techniques of neutralization and certainty of sanctions moderate this influence. The implications of these findings for research and practice are presented. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Fatal Diesel Poisoning: A Case Report and Brief Review of Literature

Abstract Hydrocarbons are volatile substances that are used in routine life activities for cooking or as automobile fuel. Diesel is one of the commonly used automobile fuels obtained from crude oil. Death due to poisoning by diesel is rarely reported. Most commonly affected is the respiratory system either after aspiration or ingestion. The most common presentation is chemical pneumonitis or aspiration pneumonitis from which patient usually recovers. Gas chromatography techniques help in the detection of volatile substances like diesel. Here, we report a rare case of fatal pediatric accidental diesel poisoning.
Scalable linear classifiers based on exponential loss function

We first propose an empirical risk minimization based binary classification algorithm, ExpERM, with exponential function as surrogate loss function. Our ExpERM algorithm is scalable in both the dimension of feature space as well as in the number of data points as it is an unconstrained differentiable convex optimization problem or a convex optimization problem with a single constraint in the regularized ExpERM framework. Under mild assumption on data, we show that ExpERM classifier is unique. We implement ExpERM on wide collection (large-features, large-examples) of real datasets. We use Wilcoxon signed-rank test to show that these easily computable classifiers have good generalization property as their 5 or 10-fold cross validation error is not significantly different from those classifiers obtained by standard hinge loss based SVMs or AdaBoost classifiers. Using some large feature sized datasets, we make a statistical comparison of SVM and ExpERM and observe that ExpERM takes remarkably less time to train the model. Towards better understanding this simple and effective learning algorithm, we obtain PAC like sample complexity bounds for regularized ExpERM and high probability bounds for ExpERM based on Rademacher complexity and uniform stability notions. Our computational experience suggests that the regularization does not significantly improve the performance of the ExpERM based classifier. Due to repeated calls to be made to the binary classifier routines in implementation of combined multi-class algorithms, ExpERM scheme is expected to be significantly computationally cheaper and hence scalable. We statistically show that CV error of our binary ExpERM classifiers on many multi-class datasets is comparable to those obtained using computationally expensive binary class SVMs.
The c‐index is not proper for the evaluation of t‐year predicted risks

&NA; We show that the widely used concordance index for time to event outcome is not proper when interest is in predicting a t‐year risk of an event, for example 10‐year mortality. In the situation with a fixed prediction horizon, the concordance index can be higher for a misspecified model than for a correctly specified model. Impropriety happens because the concordance index assesses the order of the event times and not the order of the event status at the prediction horizon. The time‐dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve does not have this problem and is proper in this context.
Premature ejaculation and pharmaceutical company-based medicine: the dapoxetine case.

INTRODUCTION The manufacturer of dapoxetine funded randomized clinical trials to study its effect in premature ejaculation (PE). Financial support by pharmaceutical companies, however, may jeopardize the neutrality of clinical research. AIM To investigate the scientific process that has been followed in dapoxetine treatment trials and reviews as compared to daily drug treatment trials and reviews with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in men with PE. METHODS A search of Medline and Embase was conducted using the search terms "dapoxetine" or "SSRI. " References of retrieved articles were searched. Only studies describing the use of these drugs in men with PE were included. Main Outcome Measures. Compared fold-increase intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT), geometric mean IELT, and adverse effect profiles between dapoxetine and SSRIs in PE. RESULTS Preclinical studies on dapoxetine, including a multicenter study (category A) and reviews (category B), were compared with clinical studies with daily conventional SSRIs in PE (category C). Categories A/B focused on patient-reported outcomes with less attention for the IELT. The ejaculation-delaying effect of dapoxetine was expressed as natural mean IELT rather than as geometrical mean IELT. Dapoxetine side effects were monthly scored. In contrast, a significant part of category C articles focused on IELT data, used geometric mean IELT outcomes, and one study reported the side effects measured 24-48 hours after drug intake using a validated questionnaire. Without the Food and Drug Administration approval, dapoxetine, as well as other SSRIs in PE, is an off-label drug for PE. However, the off-label use of dapoxetine has never been criticized by clinical investigators in contrast to commentaries against the off-label use of daily SSRI treatment in PE. CONCLUSIONS Manufacturer-funded drug treatment research (categories A and B) is advantageously treated by some authors as compared with nonfunded trials with daily conventional SSRIs (category C). PE drug treatment research is a young and dynamic field, and its development deserves transparency to its development.
Towards Service-Oriented 5G: Virtualizing the Networks for Everything-as-a-Service

It is widely acknowledged that the forthcoming 5G architecture will be highly heterogeneous and deployed with high degree of density. These changes over the current 4G bring many challenges on how to achieve an efficient operation from the network management perspective. In this paper, we introduce revolutionary vision of the future 5G wireless networks, in which operating the wireless networks is no longer limited by hardware or even software. Specifically, by the idea of virtualizing the wireless networks, which has recently gained increasing attention, we introduce the everything-as-a-service (XaaS) taxonomy to light the way towards designing the service-oriented wireless networks. The concepts and challenges along with the research opportunities for realizing XaaS in wireless networks are overviewed and discussed.
Binary Hashing for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search on Big Data: A Survey

Nearest neighbor search is a fundamental problem in various domains, such as computer vision, data mining, and machine learning. With the explosive growth of data on the Internet, many new data structures using spatial partitions and recursive hyperplane decomposition (e.g., k-d trees) are proposed to speed up the nearest neighbor search. However, these data structures are facing big data challenges. To meet these challenges, binary hashing-based approximate nearest neighbor search methods attract substantial attention due to their fast query speed and drastically reduced storage. Since the most notably locality sensitive hashing was proposed, a large number of binary hashing methods have emerged. In this paper, we first illustrate the development of binary hashing research by proposing an overall and clear classification of them. Then we conduct extensive experiments to compare the performance of these methods on five famous and public data sets. Finally, we present our view on this topic.
Internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy with modified injection technique

Rationale: In addition to axillary lymph node (ALN), internal mammary lymph node (IMLN) is also the first-echelon drainage nodes reached by metastasising cancer cells from breast cancer, which can provide important prognostic information. Patient concerns: In this paper, we will introduce a case of breast cancer patient whose postoperative pathology result showed that she had internal mammary sentinel lymph node (IMSLN) metastases but no axillary sentinel lymph node (ASLN) metastases. Diagnoses: She was diagnosed as pT1cN1bM0 breast cancer based on the positive IMSLN but negative ASLN. Interventions: She received axillary-sentinel lymph node biopsy (A-SLNB) and internal mammary-sentinel lymph node biopsy (IM-SLNB) guided by modified injection technique. In the choice of chemotherapy, she received dose-dense AC × 4 times followed P × 4 times for chemotherapy. As to irradiation therapy, she received irradiation therapy include chest wall, superclavicular region, and internal mammary nodes. Outcomes: After performing IM-SLNB, the nodal staging of this patient increased (from N0 to N1b). And she received additional chemotherapy and irradiation therapy. Lessons: With the guidance of modified injection technique, the preoperative visualization rate of IMLN has been improved. IM-SLNB could be a minimally invasive technique for effective evaluation of the status of IMLN to provide information for staging and guide the adjuvant treatment.
Recent progress in studies on the health benefits of pyrroloquinoline quinone

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), an aromatic tricyclic o-quinone, was identified initially as a redox cofactor for bacterial dehydrogenases. Although PQQ is not biosynthesized in mammals, trace amounts of PQQ have been found in human and rat tissues because of its wide distribution in dietary sources. Importantly, nutritional studies in rodents have revealed that PQQ deficiency exhibits diverse systemic responses, including growth impairment, immune dysfunction, and abnormal reproductive performance. Although PQQ is not currently classified as a vitamin, PQQ has been implicated as an important nutrient in mammals. In recent years, PQQ has been receiving much attention owing to its physiological importance and pharmacological effects. In this article, we review the potential health benefits of PQQ with a focus on its growth-promoting activity, anti-diabetic effect, anti-oxidative action, and neuroprotective function. Additionally, we provide an update of its basic pharmacokinetics and safety information in oral ingestion. Graphical abstract Structure and redox reaction of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ).
Improved Robust Model Predictive Control With Structural Uncertainty

In this paper, a dilation of the LMI characterization is presented to address constrained robust model predictive control (MPC) for a class of uncertain linear systems with structured time-varying uncertainties. The uncertainty is described in linear fractional transformation (LFT) form. It is known such uncertain systems are popularly used in nonlinear system modeling and many other circumstances. By using parameter dependent Lyapunov functions, the designing conservativeness is reduced compared with some well-known MPC approaches. The proposed approach is applied to a two-mass-spring benchmark system to demonstrate the merits
On the utility of abstraction in labeling actors in social networks

Social networks are naturally represented as heterogeneous networks with multiple types of objects e.g., actors, items and multiple types of links e.g., links between actors that denote social ties e.g., friendship, and links that connect actors to items e.g., photos, videos, articles, etc. that denote relationships between actors and items. In this paper, we consider the task of assigning labels to the unlabeled actors (individuals) in a large heterogeneous social network in which labels are available for a subset of actors. Specifically, we seek to learn a predictive model to label actors based on the attributes of the actors themselves and/or items that are linked to them in the network. Unfortunately, the number of distinct items, represented in real-world networks such as Facebook or Flickr is quite large (in the millions) although only a small subset of them are linked to specific actors. This leads to data sparsity which causes over-fitting and hence poor performance in predicting the labels of unlabeled actors. To address this problem, we induce hierarchical taxonomies over items and use the resulting taxonomies as a basis for selecting abstract and hence parsimonious representations of network data for learning the predictive models. Our experiments using three different predictors (Iterative classification Naïve Bayes, Iterative classification Logistic Regression, and EdgeCluster) on two real-world data sets, Last.fm and Flickr, show that the predictive models that take advantage of abstract representations of network data are competitive with, and in some cases, outperform those that do not.