Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Mesin Pengupas Kulit Ari Kopi dengan Model Preskiptif Pahl & Beitz

The process of stripping the epidermis of coffee beans is an important process before the coffee bean roasting process is carried out. One of the post-harvest machines for coffee beans is a huller. As the coffee bean huller developed, there were many variations in the process. In this study, a coffee huller was designed using the Pahl & Beitz prescriptive model. The design stage of the Pahl & Beitz model includes initial planning, conceptual design, embodiment design, and detail design. The results of the design include 3D models using the SolidWorks application. The calculation results produce machine specifications in the form of motor design power of 0,5 kW; transmission using V-belt number A53 (L = 1346 mm), the number of belts are 2, pulley diameter 95mm, pulley width 35mm, adjustment distance (504 —564) mm; shaft diameter 25mm; as well as the width and height of the stake 7mm. Keywords: Coffee, Design, Machine Design, Post-Harvest
Survey of methods and evaluation of Retinex-inspired image enhancers

Abstract. Spatial color algorithms (SCAs) are computer vision procedures widely used for image enhancement and human vision modeling. The main characteristic of SCA family is that they mimic the behavior of the human vision system (HVS), achieving in this way robustness and the capability to adjust their effect according to the image content. Here, we review 35 different, popular Retinex-inspired SCAs discussing and providing a set of measures for their evaluation in terms of image quality. To this purpose, we also introduce SCA-30, a real-world color image dataset made publicly available. The algorithms considered here include and spread from well-known Retinex implementations, Retinex variants, Milano–Retinex and related inspired enhancers, illumination/decomposition approaches, and deep learning-based techniques. Data and code used for the evaluation are made freely available to the community, to pursue further analysis and comparisons.
Structural Property, Immunoreactivity and Gastric Digestion Characteristics of Glycated Parvalbumin from Mandarin Fish (Siniperca chuaisi) during Microwave-Assisted Maillard Reaction

This study was aimed to investigate the structural and immunological properties of parvalbumin from mandarin fish during the Maillard reaction. The microwave-assisted the Maillard reaction was optimized by orthogonal designed experiments. The results showed that the type of sugar and heating time had a significant effect on the Maillard reaction (p < 0.05). The SDS-PAGE analysis displayed that the molecular weight of parvalbumin in mandarin fish changed after being glycated with the Maillard reaction. The glycated parvalbumin was analyzed by Nano-LC-MS/MS and eleven glycation sites as well as five glycation groups were identified. By using the indirect competitive ELISA method, it was found that microwave heating gave a higher desensitization ability of mandarin fish parvalbumin than induction cooker did. In vitro gastric digestion experiments showed that microwave-heated parvalbumin was proved to be digested more easily than that cooked by induction cookers. The microwave-assisted Maillard reaction modified the structure of parvalbumin and reduced the immunoreactivity of parvalbumin of mandarin fish.
Power system load forecasting using smoothing techniques

This paper deals with short-term load forecasting problem for a power system, The load demand at any particular instant is assumed to follow a time-Beries model. A predictor is developed which identifies the coefficients of the time series in an on-line fashion. The loads at previous instants are considered as delayed variables, and a smoothing estimation technique is made use of in conjunction with the concept of the two-stage estimator to simultaneously estimate the load and related parameters. The results of an actual study made on a receiving station in Northern India are presented to illustrate the proposed predictor.
Association of Emotion Regulation and Dispositional Mindfulness in an Adolescent Sample: The Mediational Role of Time Perspective

This study relates emotional regulation strategies with dispositional mindfulness and the mediating role of time perspective. It is based on the fact that one of the mechanisms of mindfulness consists in providing protective emotional regulation strategies. At the same time, a direct relationship between dispositional mindfulness and time perspective has been observed. To do this, a representative sample of 320 Chilean adolescents from the city of Talcahuano, whose age ranged between 14 and 17 years old, and who were attending high school, was evaluated. The Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire were applied. Regression analysis results verified the close relationship between emotional regulation and dispositional mindfulness (R2 = 0.54), as well as with the factors of time perspective (R2 = 0.41), explaining, between both of them, 60% of the variance of difficulties in emotional regulation. The possible mediational role of time perspective between dispositional mindfulness and emotional regulation is established.
Reconstruction of Quantum States of Spin Systems: From Quantum Bayesian Inference to Quantum Tomography

Abstract We study in detail the reconstruction of spin-1/2 states and analyze the connection between (1) quantum Bayesian inference, (2) reconstruction via the Jaynes principle of maximum entropy, and (3) complete reconstruction schemes such asdiscrete quantum tomography. We derive an expression for a density operator estimated via Bayesian quantum inference in the limit of an infinite number of measurements. This expression is derived under the assumption that the reconstructed system is in a pure state. In this case the estimation corresponds to averaging over a microcanonical ensemble of pure states satisfying a set of constraints imposed by the measured mean values of the observables under consideration. We show that via a “purification” ansatz, statistical mixtures can also be consistently reconstructed via the quantum Bayesian inference scheme. In this case the estimation corresponds to averaging over the generalized grand canonical ensemble of states satisfying the given constraints, and in the limit of large number of measurements this density operator is equal to the generalized canonical density operator, which can be obtained with the help of the Jaynes principle of the maximum entropy. We also discuss inseparability of reconstructed density operators of two spins-1/2.
Knowledge Mobilization for Agri-Food Supply Chain Decisions: Identification of Knowledge Boundaries and Categorization of Boundary-Spanning Mechanisms

The current world business environment is characterized by increasing uncertainties, complexities, and risks, which require agri-food supply chain (AFSC) managers to respond and act quickly in a context full of instability and unpredictability. Increasing pressure placed on AFSC managers intensifies the need to combine knowledge management (KM) and decision support that rapidly overcome knowledge boundaries. It has been recognized that the research issue related to the knowledge mobilization crossing boundaries in the AFSC needs to be addressed. This paper investigates knowledge boundaries and boundary-spanning mechanisms by collecting data from experienced AFSC practitioners. Empirical results verify that knowledge boundaries such as syntactic boundaries, semantic boundaries, and pragmatic boundaries could be effectively tackled by four specific boundary-spanning mechanisms: boundary spanners, boundary objects, boundary practices, and boundary discourses.
Encapsulation of wax in complete silica microcapsules

Herein, we report a facile approach to fabricate silica capsules with encapsulated wax (WSC). These capsules have been formed based on O/W Pickering emulsion stabilized by hexadecyltrimethoxysilane-modified silica nanoparticles. These partially hydrophobic silica nanoparticles present at the interface are further bound together by silica layer formed by the sol–gel reaction of polymeric silica precursor. Molecular dynamics simulations have also been done to investigate the surface-modified silica nanoparticles at polar–nonpolar solvent interface. Further, the effect of various synthesis parameters on capsules formation has been systematically investigated. Capsules formed in this process completely consist of inorganic silica and the approach has also been extended for the encapsulation of different waxes as phase change materials. This simple and facile method allows the microencapsulation of wax in silica capsules with high encapsulation efficiency. The developed capsules can be a promising candidate as an active micro-filler in dental cements. Graphical abstract Wax encapsulated complete silica capsules are prepared by the combination Pickering emulsion and sol–gel method. The developed capsules can be used as an active micro-filler for the dental cements.
SCREENING CORRECTION TO THE SLATER EXCHANGE POTENTIAL

The exchange potential in solids is approximated by a modification of the original Slater formula for a freeelectron gas. The procedure, based on a uniform-electrongas approximation for local regions, modifies the Slater calculation to include the influence of electron correlation on pair interactions and, therefore, decreases the potential sharply in regions of low density. Moreover, at nearly all densities this correlation introduces a correction factor sufficiently severe to make itself felt in any calculation in which the choice of exchange potential is important. The approximation consists, in effect, of replacing the Coulomb interaction e/sup 2//r/sub 12/ in the original Slater treatment of exchange by (e/sup 2//r/sub 12/ x exp (-k/sub s/r/sub 12/), where K/ sub s/ is an a ppropriate screening factor. (H.D.R.)
Ferroelectric Q-phase in a NaNbO3 epitaxial thin film

Epitaxial NaNbO3 thin films have been grown by pulsed laser deposition on cubic (00l) MgO substrate with epitaxial (La0.5Sr0.5)CoO3 buffer layer. Micro-Raman spectroscopy studies revealed that the ferroelectric Q phase (Pmc21, Z=4) is stable in a 250-nm-thick film in contrast to the antiferroelectric phase P (Pbma, Z=8) known to exist in the bulk single crystals and ceramics of undoped stoichiometric NaNbO3. Temperature-dependent Raman spectra indicate that the Q phase is stable over a wide temperature range (at least from 80 to 600 K), while the low-temperature ferroelectric rhombohedral phase N, typical for NaNbO3 single crystals, is not observed.
Determination of the stiffness of cellulose nanowhiskers and the fiber-matrix interface in a nanocomposite using Raman spectroscopy

The stiffness of 10 nm diameter cellulose nanowhiskers is reported. These whiskers are produced by acid hydrolysis. These whiskers are dispersed in epoxy resin and placed on the surface of a beam of the same material and deformed in tension and compression using a four-point bending device. By following the molecular deformation of the whiskers using Raman spectroscopy it is shown that, by theoretical models of their dispersion and matrix reinforcement, their stiffness can be derived. The effects of debonding, matrix yielding, and buckling of whiskers are also discussed using this method as a means for studying nanocomposite materials.
Pyroelectric properties of Al(In)GaN/GaN hetero- and quantum well structures

The macroscopic nonlinear pyroelectric polarization of wurtzite AlxGa1-xN, InxGa1-xN and AlxIn1-xN ternary compounds (large spontaneous polarization and piezoelectric coupling) dramatically affects the optical and electrical properties of multilayered Al(In)GaN/GaN hetero-, nanostructures and devices, due to the huge built-in electrostatic fields and bound interface charges caused by gradients in polarization at surfaces and heterointerfaces. Models of polarization-induced effects in GaN-based devices so far have assumed that polarization in ternary nitride alloys can be calculated by a linear interpolation between the limiting values of the binary compounds. We present theoretical and experimental evidence that the macroscopic polarization in nitride alloys is a nonlinear function of strain and composition. We have applied these results to interpret experimental data obtained in a number of InGaN/GaN quantum wells? (QWs) as well as AlInN/GaN and AlGaN/GaN transistor structures. We find that the discrepancies between experiment and ab initio theory present so far are almost completely eliminated for the AlGaN/GaN-based heterostructures when the nonlinearity of polarization is accounted for. The realization of undoped lattice-matched AlInN/GaN heterostructures further allows us to prove the existence of a gradient in spontaneous polarization by the experimental observation of two-dimensional electron gases? (2DEGs). The confinement of 2DEGs in InGaN/GaN QWs in combination with the measured Stark shift of excitonic recombination is used to determine the polarization-induced electric fields in nanostructures. To facilitate inclusion of the predicted nonlinear polarization in future simulations, we give an explicit prescription to calculate polarization-induced electric fields and bound interface charges for arbitrary composition in each of the ternary III-N alloys. In addition, the theoretical and experimental results presented here allow a detailed comparison of the predicted electric fields and bound interface charges with the measured Stark shift and the sheet carrier concentration of polarization-induced 2DEGs. This comparison provides an insight into the reliability of the calculated nonlinear piezoelectric and spontaneous polarization of group III nitride ternary alloys.
A Global Detectability Condition for Consensus Tracking of Linear Multi‐Agent Systems with Stochastic Disturbances

This paper investigates the consensus tracking problem for both continuous‐ and discrete‐time multi‐agent systems with general linear dynamics and stochastic disturbances under a global detectability condition. It is assumed that there exists a dynamic leader and the subgraph describing the communication topology among the followers is undirected and connected. The proposed global detectability condition extends the traditional local detectability condition to the networked case. By using the relative states of neighboring followers and the relative measurement information of the leader, distributed observer‐type consensus protocols are constructed for both continuous‐ and discrete‐time cases to guarantee all the followers to track the leader. A distinct feature of this paper is that the relative states of the leader are estimated by a group of followers rather than any individual follower. It is found that the mean square tracking errors are bounded even if the leader is not detectable by any follower, where the only requirement is that the leader is globally detectable by followers. Simulation results are finally presented to verify the effectiveness of theoretical results.
LOCAL INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLE METHOD FOR THE GENERALIZED ADDITIVE-INTERACTIVE NONLINEAR VOLATILITY MODEL ESTIMATION

In this article we consider a new separable nonparametric volatility model that includes second-order interaction terms in both mean and conditional variance functions. This is a very flexible nonparametric ARCH model that can potentially explain the behavior of the wide variety of financial assets. The model is estimated using the generalized version of the local instrumental variable estimation method first introduced in Kim and Linton (2004, Econometric Theory 20, 1094–1139). This method is computationally more effective than most other nonparametric estimation methods that can potentially be used to estimate components of such a model. Asymptotic behavior of the resulting estimators is investigated and their asymptotic normality is established. Explicit expressions for asymptotic means and variances of these estimators are also obtained.
Ecologies of ideologies: Explaining party entry and exit in West-European parliaments, 1945–2013

This study introduces a population-ecological approach to the entry and exit of political parties. A primary proposition of population ecology is that organizational entry and exit depends on the number of organizations already present: that is, density. We propose that political parties mainly experience competition from parties in the same ideological niche (left, centre, right). Pooled time-series analyses of 410 parties, 263 elections and 18 West-European countries largely support our expectations. We find that political parties are more likely to exit when density within their niche increases. Also there is competition between adjacent ideological niches, i.e. between centrist and right-wing niches. In contrast to our expectations, neither density nor institutional rules impact party entry. This raises important questions about the rationale of prospective entrants.
TreeSync: Authenticated Group Management for Messaging Layer Security

Messaging Layer Security (MLS), currently undergoing standardization at the IETF, is an asynchronous group messaging protocol that aims to be efficient for large dynamic groups, while providing strong guarantees like forward secrecy (FS) and post-compromise security (PCS). While prior work on MLS has extensively studied its group key establishment component (called TreeKEM), many flaws in early designs of MLS have stemmed from its group integrity and authentication mechanisms that are not as well-understood. In this work, we identify and formalize TreeSync: a sub-protocol of MLS that specifies the shared group state, defines group management operations, and ensures consistency, integrity, and authentication for the group state across all members. We present a precise, executable, machine-checked formal specification of TreeSync, and show how it can be composed with other components to implement the full MLS protocol. Our specification is written in F ∗ and serves as a reference implementation of MLS; it passes the RFC test vectors and is interoperable with other MLS implementations. Using the DY ∗ symbolic protocol analysis framework, we formalize and prove the integrity and authentication guarantees of TreeSync, under minimal security assumptions on the rest of MLS. Our analysis identifies a new attack and we propose several changes that have been incorporated in the latest MLS draft. Ours is the first testable, machine-checked, formal specification for MLS, and should be of interest to both developers and researchers interested in this upcoming standard.
In vitro anthelmintic activity of Leonotis nepetifolia ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts on Fasciola gigantica

Fasciolosis is a major problem to livestock production and is considered an emerging health hazard to humans and other animals. An increase in the prevalence of anthelmintic-resistant helminth strains, drug residues in animal products poses a challenge in the control of the disease necessitating research for alternatives. Here, we investigated the presence of anthelmintic phytochemicals in the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Leonotis nepetifolia dry leaves and their activity on Fasciola gigantica flukes. The flukes were isolated from the infected liver collected from the abattoir maintained in normal saline solution at 37°C. Cold maceration and infusion methods were used for ethanolic and aqueous extractions, respectively. Phytochemical screening and quantification of target phytochemicals were done following standard methods. The percentage mortality caused by each treatment at varying concentrations (2, 6 and 10 mg/ml) was determined and observations were made at three 2 h intervals, and compared with negative control. The lethal concentrations and lethal time for 50% (LC 5 0 and LT 50 ) and 90% (LC 90 and LT 90 ) of the flukes were estimated for each treatment. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the plant contained anthelmintic phytochemicals. Tannins had a higher concentration in the aqueous extract (0.2362(0.002) mg/ml; p < 0.01) than in the ethanolic extract (0.005(0.001) mg/ml). LC 50 and LC 90 decreased time of exposure, the aqueous extract showing the lowest LC 50 of 0.698 mg/ml and LC 90 of 4.435 mg/ml compared to the ethanolic extract with LC 50 of 2.521 mg/ml and LC 90 of 10.264 mg/ml after 6 h of exposure. LT 50 and LT 90 decreased with the dosage of the treatments, the aqueous extract had lower LT 50 of 2.474 h and LT 90 of 5.025 h than that of the ethanolic extract at LT 50 of 2.673 h and LT 90 of 7.282 h at 10 mg/ml dosage. The anthelmintic activity of L. nepetifolia extracts is concentration and time of exposure dependent. The aqueous extract of L. nepetifolia has higher activity against F. gigantica than the ethanolic extract.
Integrating Collaborative Filtering Technique Using Rating Approach to Ascertain Similarity Between the Users

The recommender system handles the plethora of data by filtering the most crucial information based on the dataset provided by a user and other criterion that are taken into account. (i.e., user's choice and interest). It determines whether a user and an item are compatible and then assumes that they are similar in order to make recommendations. Recommendation system uses Singular value decomposition method as collaborative filtering technique. The objective of this research paper is to propose the recommendation system that has an ability to recommend products to users based on ratings. We collect essential information like ratings given by the users from e-commerce that are required for recommendation, Initially the dataset that are gathered are sparse dataset, cosine similarity is used to find the similarity between the users. Subsequently, we collect non-sparse data and use Euclidian distance and Manhattan distance method to measure the distance between users and the graph is plotted, this ensures the similar liking and preferences between them. This method of making recommendations are more reliable and attainable.
Ground state structure of sodium ions in Na x Co O 2 : A combined Monte Carlo and first-principles approach

We have determined the ground state structures of sodium ions in ${\mathrm{Na}}_{x}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ by a combination of the Monte Carlo method and the first-principles method. We predict the ground state structures at $x=1∕4$, $1∕3$, $1∕2$, $3∕5$, $5∕7$, $3∕4$, and $13∕16$. Our results on the stable phases explain well the experimental structures. At high concentration, the phase at $x=13∕16$ is found to be one state belonging to an infinite series of ground states of two interpenetrating triangular sublattices in the interaction parameter space.