Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hyperlinked video

Hyperlinked video is video in which specific objects are made selectable by some form of user interface, and the user's interactions with these objects modify the presentation of the video. Identifying and tracking the objects remains one of the chief difficulties in authoring hyperlinked video; we solve this problem through the use of a video tracking and segmentation algorithm that uses color, texture, motion, and position parameters. An author uses a computer mouse to scribble roughly on each desired object in a frame of video, and the system generates a segmentation mask for that frame and following frames. We have applied this technique in the production of a soap opera program, with the result that the user can inquire about purchasing clothing and furnishings used in the show. We will discuss this and other uses of the technology, describe our experiences in using the segmentation algorithm for hyperlinked video purposes, and present several different user-interface methods appropriate for hyperlinked video.
Anticancer Activity of a Combination of Cisplatin and Fisetin in Embryonal Carcinoma Cells and Xenograft Tumors

Use of chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin is limited because of its toxicity. Therefore, efforts continue for the discovery of novel combination therapies with cisplatin to reduce its effective treatment dose. This study evaluates the potential of fisetin, a flavonoid, to increase cisplatin cytotoxicity in human embryonal carcinoma NT2/D1 cells. Addition of fisetin to cisplatin enhanced cisplatin cytoxicity in vitro at four times lower dose than that required by cisplatin monotherapy for similar cytotoxic effects. Cisplatin, fisetin monotherapy, and addition of fisetin to cisplatin in a combination increased FasL expression. Cisplatin and fisetin as single agents activated caspases-8 and -3 and caspases-9 and -7, respectively, whereas combination treatment activated all 4 caspases. Increases in p53 and p21 and decreases in cyclin B1 and survivin occurred, all effects being more exaggerated with the combination. Fisetin, with or without cisplatin, increased expression of proapoptotic protein Bak and induced its mitochondrial oligomerization. Bid truncation and mitochondrial translocation of Bid and p53 was induced by fisetin in the presence or absence of cisplatin. Downregulation of p53 by short hairpin RNA during drug treatment decreased p21 levels but caused survivin increase, thus reducing cell death. Upstream to p53, inhibition of p38 phosphorylation reduced p53 phosphorylation and cell death. In a NT2/D1 mouse xenograft model, combination therapy was most effective in reducing tumor size. In summary, findings of this study suggest that addition of fisetin to cisplatin activates both the mitochondrial and the cell death receptor pathway and could be a promising regimen for the elimination of embryonal carcinoma cells. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(2); 255–68. ©2011 AACR.
IDENTITAS SOSIAL, NORMA KELOMPOK, KEPERCAYAAN DAN ONLINE HELPING BEHAVIOR PADA KOMUNITAS SOSIAL BERBASIS FACEBOOK

Abstract. AIMI (Association of Indonesian Breastfeeding Mothers) is one of the nonprofit entities in Indonesia that relies on its social media account to facilitate its members to help and support each other in issues related with breastfeeding activities. This research investigates whether social identity, member’s trust to the group and other members, and group norms are the antecedents of online helping behavior in AIMI Facebook Group. Data was collected using online questionnaire posted on the AIMI online forum in Facebook. Respondents were AIMI members recruited using judgment sampling; which allowed only member who had posted their ideas or thoughts or comments in the AIMI online forum in Facebook. Findings suggest that the stronger the social identity shared among members of the community, the greater the trust and group norms developed among the members. Greater trust and group norms lead to greater likelihood of online helping behavior among the members Keywords: social identity, online helping behavior, trust, community, social media Abstrak. AIMI (Asosiasi Ibu Menyusui Indonesia) adalah suatu lembaga non-profit di Indonesia yang mengandalkan akun media sosial mereka untuk memfasilitasi anggotanya untuk saling mendukung dalam kegiatan-kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan aktivitas menyusui. Penelitian ini menyelidiki apakah identitas sosial, kepercayaan anggota, dan norma kelompok merupakan anteseden online helping behavior pada AIMI Facebook Group. Data diperoleh dengan menyebarkan kuesioner online yang diposting di Facebook page AIMI. Responden adalah anggota AIMI direkrut melalui judgment sampling; dengan kriteria yang membatasi hanya anggota AIMI yang pernah melakukan posting di forum tersebut yang direkrut sebagai responden.Temuan penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa online helping behavior dapat tercipta dari identitas sosial yang kuat, kepercayaan besar, dan norma kelompok di antara anggotanya. Kata Kunci: identitas sosial, online helping behavior, trust, community, media sosial
Biofortification and phytoremediation of selenium in China

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for humans and animals but at high concentrations, Se becomes toxic to organisms due to Se replacing sulfur in proteins. Selenium biofortification is an agricultural process that increases the accumulation of Se in crops, through plant breeding, genetic engineering, or use of Se fertilizers. Selenium phytoremediation is a green biotechnology to clean up Se-contaminated environments, primarily through phytoextraction and phytovolatilization. By integrating Se phytoremediation and biofortification technologies, Se-enriched plant materials harvested from Se phytoremediation can be used as Se-enriched green manures or other supplementary sources of Se for producing Se-biofortified agricultural products. Earlier studies primarily aimed at enhancing efficacy of phytoremediation and biofortification of Se based on natural variation in progenitor or identification of unique plant species. In this review, we discuss promising approaches to improve biofortification and phytoremediation of Se using knowledge acquired from model crops. We also explored the feasibility of applying biotechnologies such as inoculation of microbial strains for improving the efficiency of biofortification and phytoremediation of Se. The key research and practical challenges that remain in improving biofortification and phytoremediation of Se have been highlighted, and the future development and uses of Se-biofortified agricultural products in China has also been discussed.
Medial-node models to identify and measure objects in real-time 3-D echocardiography

A method is proposed for the automatic, rapid, and stable identification and measurement of objects in three-dimensional (3-D) images. It is based on local shape properties derived statistically from populations of medial primitives sought throughout the image space. These shape properties are measured at medial locations within the object and include scale, orientation, endness, and medial dimensionality. Medial dimensionality is a local shape property differentiating sphere-like, cylinder-like, and slab like structures, with intermediate dimensionality also possible. Endness is a property found at the cap of a cylinder or the edge of a slab. In terms of an application, the cardiac left ventricle (LV) during systole is modeled as a large dark cylinder with an epical cap, terminated at the other end by a thin bright slab-like mitral valve (MV). Such a model, containing medial shape properties at just a few locations, along with the relative distances and orientations between these locations, is intuitive and robust and permits automated detection of the LV axis in vivo, using real-time 3-D (RT3D) echocardiography. The statistical nature of these shape properties allows their extraction, even in the presence of noise, and permits statistical geometric measurements without exact delineation of boundaries, as demonstrated in determining the volume of balloons in RT3D scans. The inherent high speed of the method is appropriate for real-time clinical use.
Extraocular Surgical Approach for Placement of Subretinal Implants in Blind Patients: Lessons from Cochlear-Implants

In hereditary retinal diseases photoreceptors progressively degenerate, often causing blindness without therapy being available. Newly developed subretinal implants can substitute functions of photoreceptors. Retina implant extraocular surgical technique relies strongly on cochlear-implant know-how. However, a completely new surgical approach providing safe handling of the photosensor array had to be developed. The Retina Implant Alpha IMS consisting of a subretinal microphotodiode array and cable linked to a cochlear-implant-like ceramic housing was introduced via a retroauricular incision through a subperiosteal tunnel above the zygoma into the orbit using a specially designed trocar. Implant housing was fixed in a bony bed within a tight subperiosteal pocket in all patients. Primary outcomes were patient short term safety as well as effectiveness. Nine patients participated in the first part of the multicenter trial and received the subretinal visual implant in one eye. In all cases microphotodiode array pull-through procedure and stable positioning were possible without affecting the device function. No intraoperative complications were encountered. The minimally invasive suprazygomatic tunneling technique for the sensor unit as well as a subperiosteal pocket fixation of the implant housing provides a safe extraocular implantation approach of a subretinal device with a transcutaneous extracorporeal power supply.
Group Evolution: CS224W Project Report

Online social networks provide new opportunities to gain a better understanding of human interaction and evolution of communities. Understanding and predicting community behavior based on structure and activity patterns could be useful both for members of the social network, advertisers who wish to predict influence, and, perhaps most of all, community builders, who can attempt to alter community structure and interaction patterns to develop a successful community. Although a great deal of research has been performed to analyze communities in networks, most has focused around community detection and analysis, and work on understanding community evolution has tended to utilize explicit “friendship” or “membership links” and treat such links as permanent once created [19, 15, 16, 9, 7, 12]. However, in the domains of sociology and psychology, it is hypothesized that community size and growth are not necessarily predictors of community health. [7, 12] In addition, in networks such as social interaction networks, where link maintenance requires time or other investments, it is important to treat links as ephemeral and examine shifts in network behavior. [20] The goal of my project was to gain a better understanding of the interplay between activity and growth, and to try to learn a method of predicting which groups will be successful in the future. I performed an empirical analysis of the social networks from the Ning platform [1] to determine what mechanisms underly group growth and evolution.
Modeling and Testing Web-based Applications

The Internet is quietly becoming the body of the business world, with web applications as the brains. This means that software faults in web applications have potentially disastrous consequences. Most work on web applications has been on making them more powerful, but relatively little has been done to ensure their quality. Important quality attributes for web applications include reliability, availability, interoperability and security. Web applications share some characteristics of client-server, distributed, and traditional programs, however there are a number of novel aspects of web applications. These include the fact that web applications are “dynamic”, due to factors such as the frequent changes of the application requirement as well as dramatic changes of the web technologies, the fact that the roles of the clients and servers change dynamically, the heterogeneity of the hardware and software components, the extremely loose coupling and dynamic integration, and the ability of the user to directly affect the control of execution. In this paper, we first analyze the distinct features of web-based applications, and then define a generic analysis model that characterizes the typical behaviors of web-based applications independently of different technologies. Based on this analysis, a family of testing techniques is discussed to ensure different level of quality control of web applications under various situations.
Graphical Browsing of Email Data: An Empirical Investigation

This paper presents a comparative usability experiment that was performed to test whether information visualization could improve the usability of email clients. An experimental email visualization prototype called LinearVis was developed in order to organize email messages in the inbox. It visualizes messages based on the date of receiving messages with senders' e-mail addresses. The performance of 30 participants was observed in a standard email client and the proposed prototype. The results showed that information visualization could significantly reduce the time taken for completing tasks as well as the number of actions performed during performing tasks.
Constraints on Cosmological Parameters from Future Galaxy Cluster Surveys

We study the expected redshift evolution of galaxy cluster abundance between 0 ≲ z ≲ 3 in different cosmologies, including the effects of the cosmic equation of state parameter w ≡ p/ρ. Using the halo mass function obtained in recent large-scale numerical simulations, we model the expected cluster yields in a 12 deg2 Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (SZE) survey and a deep 104 deg2 X-ray survey over a wide range of cosmological parameters. We quantify the statistical differences among cosmologies using both the total number and redshift distribution of clusters. Provided that the local cluster abundance is known to a few percent accuracy, we find only mild degeneracies between w and either Ωm or h. As a result, both surveys will provide improved constraints on Ωm and w. The Ωm-w degeneracy from both surveys is complementary to those found either in studies of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies or of high-redshift supernovae (SNe). As a result, combining these surveys together with either CMB or SNe studies can reduce the statistical uncertainty on both w and Ωm to levels below what could be obtained by combining only the latter two data sets. Our results indicate a formal statistical uncertainty of ≈3% (68% confidence) on both Ωm and w when the SZE survey is combined with either the CMB or SN data; the large number of clusters in the X-ray survey further suppresses the degeneracy between w and both Ωm and h. Systematics and internal evolution of cluster structure at the present pose uncertainties above these levels. We briefly discuss and quantify the relevant systematic errors. By focusing on clusters with measured temperatures in the X-ray survey, we reduce our sensitivity to systematics such as nonstandard evolution of internal cluster structure.
Disambiguation of English PP attachment using multilingual aligned data

Prepositional phrase attachment (PP attachment) is a major source of ambiguity in English. It poses a substantial challenge to Machine Translation (MT) between English and languages that are not characterized by PP attachment ambiguity. In this paper we present an unsupervised, bilingual, corpus-based approach to the resolution of English PP attachment ambiguity. As data we use aligned linguistic representations of the English and Japanese sentences from a large parallel corpus of technical texts. The premise of our approach is that with large aligned, parsed, bilingual (or multilingual) corpora, languages can learn non-trivial linguistic information from one another with high accuracy. We contend that our approach can be extended to linguistic phenomena other than PP attachment.
The Hilbert-uniformization is real-analytic

In \cite{Boed}, C. -F. B\"odigheimer constructed a finite cell-complex $\mf{Par}_{g,n,m}$ and a bijective map $\cH: \mf{Dip}_{g,n,m} \to \mf{Par}_{g,n,m}$ (the Hilbert-uniformization) from the moduli space of dipole functions on Riemann surfaces with $n$ directions and $m$ punctures to $\mf{Par}_{g,n,m}$. In \cite{Boed} and \cite{Eb}, it is proven that $\cH$ is a homeomorphism. The first result of this note is that the space $\mf{Dip}_{g,n,m}$ carries a natural structure of a real-analytic manifold. Our second result is that $\cH$ is real-analytic, at least on the preimage of the top-dimensional open cells of $\mf{Par}_{g,n,m}$.
Pedagogical language knowledge: preparing Australian pre-service teachers to support English language learners

ABSTRACT In Australia all initial teacher education (ITE) programmes are required to address the needs of students learning in and through English as an additional language (EAL) as a national priority area, including “effective teaching and learning strategies for teaching second language learners in the context of the mainstream classroom and the range of key learning areas. ” However, research into the complex language and literacy challenges faced by EAL learners suggests that many mainstream secondary school teachers feel inadequately prepared to meet their needs. To address this issue, Hammond (2014, p. 503) calls for “more wide-ranging, theoretically robust accounts of teacher learning” to support EAL/D learners in particular. This paper presents research conducted as part of a broader investigation into the various components of teacher learning made available to Australian pre-service teachers (PSTs) in an undergraduate teacher education programme, and the relative ways in which they contributed to PSTs’ developing knowledge of language and literacy pedagogy. In particular, it reports on the specific type of knowledge made available to a smaller group of PSTs who participated in a literacy tutoring programme conducted at a secondary school with a large EAL student population. The study yields a rich description of the PSTs’ developing pedagogical language knowledge as they engage in professional learning under the guidance of an academic mentor. It charts their emerging and developing knowledge as they are trained to analyse core curriculum content for opportunities to provide targeted language and literacy support, as well as their growing understanding of the diversity of language and literacy needs of EAL learners. Furthermore, the study describes PSTs’ evolving self-reflection as they become “apprenticed” into the role of professional teachers who assume responsibility for their students’ language and literacy development as a key way of facilitating their access to curriculum content knowledge.
Botnet Topology Reconstruction: A Case Study

Over the past decade, bot net has been a serious threat to the Internet because it can be used to launch a variety of attacks on the Internet. To prevent the attacks, we have to fully understand the infection paths and attack methods of bot net. Hence, this study is aimed at reconstructing scenarios of attacks performed by bot net on the Testbed@TWISC platform in such a way that the behavior of the bot net and the infection period can be observed and analyzed so that better defense tools can be built.
Knowledge-Based System"s Modeling for Software Process Model Selection

This paper depicts the knowledge-based system named as ESPMS (Expert System for Process Model Selection) through various models. A questionnaire was developed to identify important parameters, which were evaluated through domain experts in about all the universities of Pakistan. No exact system was found, which could guide Software Engineers for selection of a proper model during software development. This paper shows that how various technologies like Fuzzy Logic, Certainty Factors, and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) can be adopted to develop the Expert System. Priorities assignments to critical factors have been shown for decision making in the model selection for a problem domain. This research work will be beneficial to both students and researchers for integrating Soft Computing Techniques and Software Engineering.
Derivation of predictor variables for spatial explicit modelling of ‘ urban shrinkage ’ at different scales

Demographic change has become a major topic for Central, Eastern and Western European cities and urban regions which will be on a "non-growth or decline path" for at least the coming 25 years. Growing and shrinking communities will exist simultaneously side by side within densely urbanised regions. The trend towards further suburbanisation and dispersion observed in the 1980s in Western Europe and the 1990s also in Central (Eastern) Europe accompanying the transition process will decrease without being balanced by a sustained re-urbanisation. This urgently requires rethinking on the growth-oriented approaches of urban development and alike modelling. They must be enhanced by a "decline or shrinkage paradigm. " The paper focuses on the discussion of predictor variables that explain urban shrinkage and residential decline in form of residential vacancy. In the first part the phenomenon of urban shrinkage will be embedded into the historic and current European urban development, most of all looking at examples of the demographic situation in Eastern Germany. In a second part, the paper expands briefly on discussing obvious spatial effects of ‘non-growth’ and ‘shrinkage’ in the urban landscape. The major part of the paper concentrates on the identification and testing of predictor variables that explain the quantity and spatial distribution of residential vacancy. The statistical analysis proves that outmigration, share of aged people, unemployment rate and share of social welfare recipients as social variables as well as spatial pattern of urban structural type, distance to the urban (sub-)centers and to urban green explain the spatial distribution of residential vacancy in the city of Leipzig. The paper ends with some initial ideas on the integration them into a GIS-based spatial explicit rule-based model.
Rate and timing of cortical responses driven by separate sensory channels

The sense of touch comprises multiple sensory channels that each conveys characteristic signals during interactions with objects. These neural signals must then be integrated in such a way that behaviorally relevant information about the objects is preserved. To understand the process of integration, we implement a simple computational model that describes how the responses of neurons in somatosensory cortex—recorded from awake, behaving monkeys—are shaped by the peripheral input, reconstructed using simulations of neuronal populations that reproduce natural spiking responses in the nerve with millisecond precision. First, we find that the strength of cortical responses is driven by one population of nerve fibers (rapidly adapting) whereas the timing of cortical responses is shaped by the other (Pacinian). Second, we show that input from these sensory channels is integrated in an optimal fashion that exploits the disparate response behaviors of different fiber types. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.10450. 001
Ear disease in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children Resource sheet no . 35 produced by the Closing the Gap Clearinghouse November 2014 Summary What we know

• Ear disease and associated hearing loss are highly prevalent among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) children. • Otitis media is a major source of ear disease in Indigenous children. It often begins within weeks of birth, has repeated episodes, and can persist into adolescence. • There are many risk factors that contribute to the development and persistency of ear disease in Indigenous children, including household overcrowding, passive smoking, premature birth, bottle feeding and malnutrition. • Hearing loss can lead to delayed speech and educational development. The long-term effects of these lags on the wellbeing of Indigenous children is substantial.