Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distress, sexual dysfunctions, and DSM: dialogue at cross purposes?

INTRODUCTION A distress criterion was added to the diagnostic criteria of sexual dysfunctions in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV; 1994). This decision was neither based on empirical evidence, nor on an open, academic, or public debate about its necessity. As a result, this decision has been disputed ever since the publication of DSM-IV. AIM In this article, the necessity to include or exclude the distress criterion from the diagnostic criteria of sexual dysfunctions is critically evaluated, illustrating its consequences for both sex research and clinical practice. METHODS Apart from careful reading of relevant sections in DSM-II, DSM-III, DSM-IV, DSM-IV Text Revision, and articles about and online proposals for DSM-5, an extensive PubMed literature search was performed including words as "sexual dysfunction"/"sexual difficulty"/"sexual disorder,""distress"/"clinical significance,""diagnostic criteria," and "DSM"/"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. " Based on analysis of the references of the retrieved works, more relevant articles were also found. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ARGUMENTS for or against removal of distress from the diagnostic criteria of sexual dysfunctions by former and current members of the DSM Task Force and Work Group on Sexual Disorders, as well as by other authors in the field of sex research, are reviewed and critically assessed. RESULTS Proponents and opponents of including the distress criterion in the diagnostic criteria of sexual dysfunctions appear to be unresponsive to each others' arguments. To prevent the debate from becoming an endlessly repetitive discussion, it is first necessary to acknowledge that this is a philosophical debate about the nature, function, and goals of the diagnosis of a sexual dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Given the current lack of data supporting either the retention or removal of the distress criterion, distress should always be taken into account in future research on sexual dysfunctions. Such forthcoming data should increase our understanding of the association between distress and sexual difficulties.
The Transcriptional Switch of Bacteriophage WΦ, a P2-Related but Heteroimmune Coliphage

ABSTRACT Phage WΦ is a member of the nonlambdoid P2 family of temperate phages. The DNA sequence of the whole early-control region and theint and attP region of phage WΦ has been determined. The phage integration site was located at 88.6 min of theEscherichia coli K-12 map, where a 47-nucleotide sequence was found to be identical in the host and phage genomes. The WΦ Int protein belongs to the Int family of site-specific recombinases, and it seems to have the same arm binding recognition sequence as P2 Int, but the core sequence differs. The transcriptional switch contains two face-to-face promoters, Pe and Pc, and two repressors, C and Cox, controlling Pe and Pc, respectively. The early Pe promoter was found to be much stronger than the Pc promoter. Furthermore, the Pe transcript was shown to interfere with Pc transcription. By site-directed mutagenesis, the binding site of the immunity repressor was located to two direct repeats spanning the Pe promoter. A point mutation in one or the other repeat does not affect repression by C, but when it is included in both, C has no effect on the Pe promoter. The Cox repressor efficiently blocks expression from the Pc promoter, but its DNA recognition sequence was not evident. Most members of the P2 family of phages are able to function as helpers for satellite phage P4, which lacks genes encoding structural proteins and packaging and lysis functions. In this work it is shown that P4 E, known to function as an antirepressor by binding to P2 C, also turns the transcriptional switch of WΦ from the lysogenic to the lytic mode. However, in contrast to P2 Cox, WΦ Cox is unable to activate the P4 Pll promoter.
Effect of chromium picolinate on growth, body composition, and tissue accretion in pigs.

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary chromium picolinate (CrP) on growth and body composition of pigs. Twenty-four barrows (three from each of eight litters) were randomly allotted within litter to one of three treatments: 1) basal (B) diet from 19.1 to 106.4 kg BW (Control); 2) B from 19.1 to 57.2 kg BW and then B + 200 ppb of chromium as CrP from 57.2 to 106.4 kg BW (CrP-F); and 3) B + 200 ppb of chromium as CrP from 19.1 to 106.4 kg BW (CrP- GF). Average daily gain and ADFI were reduced (P < .08) and first rib fat thickness was increased (P < .08) in pigs fed CrP-GF compared with pigs fed the Control diet. Specific gravity of the carcass was not affected (P > .10) by treatment. Tenth rib fat was reduced (P < .01) in pigs fed CrP-F compared with pigs fed CrP-GF, and percentage of muscle was increased in pigs fed CrP-F (P < .09) compared with pigs fed either the Control or CrP-GF diets. Leaf fat (P < .05) and lung weights (P < .08) were reduced in pigs fed CrP-F compared with pigs fed CrP-GF. As determined by physical-chemical separation, pigs fed CrP-GF had an increased (P < .07) percentage of intermuscular fat compared with pigs fed the Control or CrP-F diets. Pigs fed CrP-F had a lesser (P < .07) percentage of total fat and a greater (P < .07) percentage of muscle than pigs fed the Control or CrP-GF diets. As determined by mechanical-chemical separation, pigs fed CrP-F had a greater (P < .10) percentage of moisture than pigs fed the Control diet and a lesser (P < .10) percentage of fat and a greater (P < .06) percentage of ash than pigs fed the Control or CrP-GF diets. Pigs fed CrP-GF had an increased (P < .04) daily fat accretion compared with pigs fed CrP-F. Sensory and shear force values were not affected by CrP, with the exception that meat from pigs fed CrP-GF had a greater (P < .10) shear force value than meat from pigs fed CrP-F. These results suggest that dietary supplementation of CrP in the finishing phase of pig production may increase muscle and decrease fat deposition; however, not all measures of muscling or fatness were improved by CrP.
Adaptation of Learning Spaces: Supporting Ubiquitous Learning in Higher Distance Education

Ubiquitous learning is supported by ubiquitous computing and repre- sents the next step in the field of e-learning. The goal is, that learning environ- ments will be accessed increasingly in various contexts and situations. From this challenge, new questions arise concerning the adaptation of learning spaces to different contexts of use, so that they continue to enable and support learning processes. As a basic work in this direction, this paper introduces a first notion of a comprehensive definition of 'plasticity of digital learning spaces'. It exem- plifies some of the facets affecting the plasticity and presents aspects of a first system prototype, which enables to select learning materials depending on a given situation. Ubiquitous learning is the next step in performing e-learning and by some groups it is expected to lead to an educational paradigm shift, or at least, to new ways of learning. The potential of ubiquitous learning results from the enhanced possibilities of access- ing learning content and computer-supported collaborative learning environments at the right time, at the right place, and in the right form. Furthermore, it enables seam- less combination of virtual environments and physical spaces. The focus of our research in the field of ubiquitous learning is affected by our ex- periences in teaching at a distance university for higher education. Starting from the vision of ubiquitous computing, we tackle the issue of supporting learning processes while the learner makes use of ubiquitous computing technology. By this we follow a slightly different research direction, since most other work deals with the fundamental question of how to utilize ubiquitous computing technology to enhance learning proc- esses. In this contribution we present our steps towards the plasticity of digital learning spaces, the objective of which is the adaptation of learning resources to dif- ferent contexts of use, so that they continue to enable and support learning processes. The structure of the paper is as follows: In the rest of this chapter the terms ubiqui- tous computing and learning are presented. Since the web has become the predomi- nant platform for realizing learning spaces, the focus within this paper is on web- based learning. After a brief overview of existing approaches to adaptation (chapter
Secondary sexual characteristics and menses in young girls seen in office practice: a study from the Pediatric Research in Office Settings network.

OBJECTIVE To determine the current prevalence and mean ages of onset of pubertal characteristics in young girls seen in pediatric practices in the United States. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted by 225 clinicians in pediatric practices belonging to Pediatric Research in Office Settings, a practice-based research network. After standardized training in the assessment of pubertal maturation, practitioners rated the level of sexual maturation on girls 3 through 12 years who were undergoing complete physical examinations. RESULTS Data were analyzed for 17,077 girls, of whom 9.6% were African-American and 90.4% white. At age 3, 3% of African-American girls and 1% of white girls showed breast and/or pubic hair development, with proportions increasing to 27.2% and 6.7%, respectively, at 7 years of age. At age 8, 48.3% of African-American girls and 14.7% of white girls had begun development. At every age for each characteristic, African-American girls were more advanced than white girls. The mean ages of onset of breast development for African-American and white girls were 8.87 years (SD, 1.93) and 9.96 years (SD, 1.82), respectively; and for pubic hair development, 8.78 years (SD, 2.00) and 10.51 years (SD, 1.67), respectively. Menses occurred at 12.16 years (SD, 1.21) in African-American girls and 12.88 years (SD, 1.20) of age in white girls. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that girls seen in a sample of pediatric practices from across the United States are developing pubertal characteristics at younger ages than currently used norms. Practitioners may need to revise their criteria for referral of girls with precocious puberty, with attention to racial differences.
The Association of Fatty Liver and Diabetes Risk

We examined whether fatty liver, as diagnosed with abdominal ultrasonography, is an independent risk factor for diabetes mellitus during 10 years of follow-up. A total of 840 subjects (467 men and 373 women) were followed for the entire 10 years. The criteria for being non-diabetic were having no history of diabetes, having a fasting plasma glucose level of less than 110 mg/dl and a serum hemoglobin A1c level of 6.4% or less. We indicated that every examine received all examinations after 12 hours of fasting. Well-trained technicians performed abdominal ultrasonography. Although univariate analysis revealed that the presence of fatty liver was related to hyperglycemia 10 years later, multiple logistic regression analysis did not support this finding. In the multiple logistic regression analysis fasting plasma glucose levels at the baseline and age were significantly related to hyperglycemia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-1.21, OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.14, respectively). Fatty liver was not an independent risk factor for hyperglycemia in our follow-up study 10 years after the first diagnosis. The high fasting plasma glucose levels were a risk factor for diabetes, even in the normal range.
Construction and Maintenance of a Cluster-Based Architecture for Sensor Networks

A sensor network is a collection of transmitter-receiver devices (referred to as nodes). We assume that each node synchronizes and performs transmission or reception per round. In this paper, we consider the construction and maintenance of a cluster-based architecture for a sensor network, with two atomic operations node-move-in and node-move-out which are performed by appearance and disappearance of a node. In our proposed architecture, a deterministic broadcasting can be done in O(p) rounds, where p is the number of clusters. We present a randomized algorithm for a node-move-in and a deterministic algorithm for a node-move-out, which work in O(q) expected rounds and O(|T|) rounds, respectively, where q is the number of neighbors in the network of the joining node and T is a subtree of the architecture whose root is the leaving node. We also provide some alternative algorithms for the operations.
Self-stabilizing bipedal locomotion employing neural oscillators

For attaining a stable and robust dynamic bipedal locomotion, we address an efficient and powerful alternative based on biologically inspired control framework employing neural oscillators. Neural oscillators can be used to generate sustained rhythmic signals, and show superior features for stabilizing bipedal locomotion particularly when coupled with virtual impedance components. By building a network of neural oscillators, we can enable humanoid robots to walk stably and exhibit robustness against unexpected disturbances. Specifically, in order to maintain stability, the neural oscillator plays an important role by controlling the trajectory of the COM in phase with the ZMP input. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified through simulations.
Organizing MLS databases from a data modelling point of view

The conceptual and logical design of multilevel secure (MLS) database applications are treated in an integrated way. For the conceptual design, a powerful semantic data model is suggested in order to represent the data and security semantics of the application domain. For the logical design, a two-phase approach is developed. Phase one consists of the transformation of the database conceptualization into multilevel relational concepts, while phase two is concerned with integrity management. Enforcing the integrity in MLS databases is known to be a difficult task. Careful data modelling is a necessary prerequisite in order to arrive at consistent and secure MLS applications. <<ETX>>
Calcium Orthophosphate-Based Bioceramics

Various types of grafts have been traditionally used to restore damaged bones. In the late 1960s, a strong interest was raised in studying ceramics as potential bone grafts due to their biomechanical properties. A bit later, such synthetic biomaterials were called bioceramics. In principle, bioceramics can be prepared from diverse materials but this review is limited to calcium orthophosphate-based formulations only, which possess the specific advantages due to the chemical similarity to mammalian bones and teeth. During the past 40 years, there have been a number of important achievements in this field. Namely, after the initial development of bioceramics that was just tolerated in the physiological environment, an emphasis was shifted towards the formulations able to form direct chemical bonds with the adjacent bones. Afterwards, by the structural and compositional controls, it became possible to choose whether the calcium orthophosphate-based implants remain biologically stable once incorporated into the skeletal structure or whether they were resorbed over time. At the turn of the millennium, a new concept of regenerative bioceramics was developed and such formulations became an integrated part of the tissue engineering approach. Now calcium orthophosphate scaffolds are designed to induce bone formation and vascularization. These scaffolds are often porous and harbor different biomolecules and/or cells. Therefore, current biomedical applications of calcium orthophosphate bioceramics include bone augmentations, artificial bone grafts, maxillofacial reconstruction, spinal fusion, periodontal disease repairs and bone fillers after tumor surgery. Perspective future applications comprise drug delivery and tissue engineering purposes because calcium orthophosphates appear to be promising carriers of growth factors, bioactive peptides and various types of cells.
Under Review as a Conference Paper at Iclr 2017 Learning through Dialogue Interactions

A good dialogue agent should have the ability to interact with users. In this work, we explore this direction by designing a simulator and a set of synthetic tasks in the movie domain that allow the learner to interact with a teacher by both asking and answering questions. We investigate how a learner can benefit from asking questions in both an offline and online reinforcement learning setting. We demonstrate that the learner improves when asking questions. Our work represents a first step in developing end-to-end learned interactive dialogue agents.
A Framework for Analysis of Data Quality Research

Organizational databases are pervaded with data of poor quality. However, there has not been an analysis of the data quality literature that provides an overall understanding of the state-of-art research in this area. Using an analogy between product manufacturing and data manufacturing, this paper develops a framework for analyzing data quality research, and uses it as the basis for organizing the data quality literature. This framework consists of seven elements: management responsibilities, operation and assurance costs, research and development, production, distribution, personnel management, and legal function. The analysis reveals that most research efforts focus on operation and assurance costs, research and development, and production of data products. Unexplored research topics and unresolved issues are identified and directions for future research provided. >
Knowledge Transfer with Interactive Learning of Semantic Relationships

We propose a novel learning framework for object categorization with interactive semantic feedback. In this framework, a discriminative categorization model improves through human-guided iterative semantic feedbacks. Specifically, the model identifies the most helpful relational semantic queries to discriminatively refine the model. The user feedback on whether the relationship is semantically valid or not is incorporated back into the model, in the form of regularization, and the process iterates. We validate the proposed model in a few-shot multi-class classification scenario, where we measure classification performance on a set of ‘target’ classes, with few training instances, by leveraging and transferring knowledge from ‘anchor’ classes, that contain larger set of labeled instances.
IDEF Family of Methods for Concurrent Engineering and Business Re-engineering Applications

" It must be remembered that there is nothing more difficult to plan, more doubtful of success, nor more dangerous to manage than the creation of a new system. For the initiator has the enmity of all who would profit by the preservation of the old institution and merely lukewarm defenders in those who would gain by the new ones "-Machiavelli, " The Prince, " 1513 AD. Introduction In today's environment, system implementors in Corporate Information Management (CIM), Concurrent Engineering (CE), and Computer Integrated Manufacturing face two overwhelming challenges. Besides their primary responsibility for introducing a new system into their engineering and manufacturing organizations, they also have an underlying need to introduce a new system of processes for developing these implementations. These new system development processes must employ an integrated frameworkof modeling methods. That is, the development process uses a structured collection of methods, rules, procedures, and tools to support the development and evolution of systems. The framework guides the user in applying the appropriate method 2 within the system development life-cycle. The goal of this paper is to provide some insight into the purpose of modeling, particularly from the perspective of a CIM or CE project manager/engineer who must select, use, and evaluate the results of modeling efforts in support of systems development. For all the rapid advances in computer hardware and specific software technology (e.g., databases), the bane of large-scale information systems development continues to be the lack of effective, well and widely understood methods for engineering such systems. With additional requirements for the system to be integrated and evolving, the complexities become truly overwhelming. A solid base of methods support is essential to these types of system development efforts. Complex, large-scale, evolving, integrated systems require multiple, diverse methods, each for a specific purpose. Thus, there is clearly a critical need for the development of effective methods. As a result, many methods remain to be developed. A two-prong approach to method development is necessary. The goal of the first approach is to identify the methods needed to support an evolving, integrated information system (EIIS) and develop these methods. In the context of this paper, emphasis is placed on analysis and design methods needed to support EIISs for CE and CIM. Part of this method development includes developing precise, mathematical-based formalizations of the individual methods, as well as capabilities for translating among the methods. The second approach is to …
Transition zone prostate cancers: features, detection, localization, and staging at endorectal MR imaging.

PURPOSE To retrospectively evaluate the accuracy of endorectal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the detection and local staging of transition zone prostate cancers, with pathologic analysis serving as the reference standard, and to assess MR imaging features of these cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS The institutional review board approved this HIPAA-compliant retrospective study and waived the informed consent requirement. An institutional database of 986 patients who underwent MR imaging before radical prostatectomy yielded 148 consecutive patients with at least one transition zone cancer at step-section pathologic analysis. An additional 46 patients without transition zone cancer were randomly selected as a control group. Two readers independently reviewed MR studies to identify patients with transition zone cancers and determine the location and local extent of these cancers. Imaging features that helped in the identification of transition zone cancers were recorded. Descriptive and kappa statistics, as well as receiver operating characteristic and multivariate logistic regression analyses, were used. RESULTS For identification of patients with transition zone cancers, sensitivity and specificity were 75% and 87%, respectively, for reader 1 and 80% and 78%, respectively, for reader 2. Interreader agreement was fair. For detection of the location of transition zone cancer, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.75 for reader 1 and 0.73 for reader 2. Interreader agreement was fair. The readers' accuracy in detecting transition zone cancer foci increased significantly (P=.001) as tumor volume increased. In the detection of extraprostatic extension of transition zone cancers, sensitivity and specificity were 56% and 94%, respectively, for reader 1 and 28% and 93%, respectively, for reader 2. Homogeneous low T2 signal intensity (P=.001 for reader 1, P<.001 for reader 2) and lenticular shape (P=.017 for reader 1) were significantly associated with the presence of transition zone cancer. CONCLUSION MR imaging can be used to detect, localize, and stage transition zone prostate cancers.