Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using white mica 40Ar/39Ar data as a tracer for fluid flow and permeability under high‐P conditions: Tauern Window, Eastern Alps

New single‐grain‐fusion muscovite and paragonite 40Ar/39Ar data from eclogite and blueschist units exposed in the Tauern Window, Eastern Alps yield a range of apparent ages from 90 to 23 Ma. These apparent ages are generally older than expected for 40Ar/39Ar cooling ages, given constraints from other geochronological systems such as Rb–Sr and U–Pb. Numerical Ar‐in‐muscovite diffusion models for Tauern Window nappe P–T paths in an open system suggest that 40Ar/39Ar ages should lie between 29 and 24 Ma, and that they should constrain cooling and decompression following the post‐high pressure Barrovian overprint. The measured ranges of apparent 40Ar/39Ar dates suggest that the assumption of open system behaviour is not valid for this region. The local and/or regional generation of fluid during exhumation promoted pervasive recrystallization of high pressure lithologies throughout the Tauern Window to greenschist and amphibolite facies assemblages. The old apparent 40Ar/39Ar white mica dates in all lithologies are therefore interpreted as being due to inefficient removal of grain boundary Ar by the grain boundary fluids during the Barrovian overprint, due to high Ar concentrations or limited connectivity or both. This caused spatially (mm‐scale) and temporally variable fluxes of Ar out of, and probably into, white mica in both metasedimentary and metabasic lithologies.
Long term trend of snow depth at Sonnblick (Austrian Alps) and its relation to climate change

The extensive snow measurement network of the Sonnblick region (Hohe Tauern, Austrian Alps) is used to describe temporal trends of snow‐depth as well as its relation to climate change for a high‐elevated site of the European Alps (2400–3100 m.a.s.l.). Spatial representativeness of single snow stakes, with readings back to 1928, is derived for maximum snow‐depth in May using a spatially dense snow depth probing from glacier mass balance measurements. Long‐term trends of snow depth show a significant reduction in the contribution of snow accumulation from core‐winter (1 December to 1 March) compared to early and late‐winter periods. Largest values of snow‐depth since 1928 were measured in the 1940s and 1950s. Comparison of monthly changes in snow‐depth with precipitation measurements underlines the high influence of wind drift on snow‐depth during winter season from 1 October to 30 April. Whereas inter‐annual variability of maximum snow‐depth is better explained by low elevation precipitation measurements than by local (high elevation) precipitation measurements, the longer‐term mean of local precipitation measurements, however, fits well to the snow‐depth measurements, if a mean snow‐density of about 400 kg m−3 is assumed (which matches field observations). Both maximum snow‐depth and winter season precipitation show a clear decreasing trend for inter‐annual variability. A statistical relationship between air temperature and fraction of solid precipitation is used for estimation of temporal trends in the fraction of solid precipitation at measurement sites. For summer a decrease of about 1% of solid precipitation per decade was found for the lowest elevated sites whereas fraction of solid precipitation in winter remains stable. Relation between snow‐depth and climate is investigated by means of local climate data of Sonnblick‐Observatory (SBO) and by means of the North‐Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAOI). Whereas winter air‐temperature is significantly correlated with the NAOI, for winter precipitation and snow depth on 1 May no correlation was found with NAOI. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nitrogen Isotope Tracing of Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen Behaviour in Tidal Estuaries

Concentration versus salinity diagrams are the most widely used method to derive estuarine sources and sinks of nitrogen. This method can not distinguish conservative mixing due to a lack of activity, from that due to an approximate balance of sources and sinks. The combined study of concentration and nitrogen isotopic signatures may provide this information because balanced sources and sinks do affect the isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic nitrogen. This is illustrated with three cases of European tidal estuaries: the Scheldt (Belgium/The Netherlands), the Thames (U.K.) and the Loire Estuary (France). Concentration versus salinity diagrams for nitrate showed conservative mixing for the Thames and Loire estuaries and nitrate generation in the Scheldt Estuary. The delta N-15 of nitrate versus salinity diagram confirmed the conservative behaviour for the Thames Estuary and the non-conservative behaviour for the Scheldt Estuary, but revealed active nitrate turnover in the Loire Estuary. Concentration and delta N-15 of ammonium versus salinity diagrams consistently showed non- conservative mixing as a result of ammonium consumption. [KEYWORDS: Thames; Scheldt; Loire; nitrogen; nitrate; ammonium; nitrogen isotopes Coastal marine ecosystems; ammonia diffusion method; organic-matter; delaware estuary; scheldt estuary; thames estuary; nitrate; denitrification; dynamics; france]
Single Scattering Albedo of Aeolian Dust as Inferred from Sky-radiometer and in situ Ground-based Measurement

To investigate the absorption of aeolian dust transported from the Chinese Desert to Japan, in situ measurements of single scattering albedo (SSA) using Particle and Soot Absorption Photometer (PSAP; Radiance Research) and Nephelometer M903 (Radiance Research) were made at Qira, China; Beijing, China; and Tsukuba, Japan. SSA measured by PSAP and M903 at Qira was between 0.91 and 0.93, and that at Beijing and Tsukuba was between 0.80 and 0.90. We also analyzed data obtained by the sky-radiometer network on dust transported from the Taklimakan Desert to Japan. The SSA retrieved from sky-radiometer was between 0.91 and 0.97. The SSA measured at Qira is consistent with the SSA inferred from the sky-radiometer. This means that unpolluted aeolian dust does not have large absorption. The SSA at Beijing and Tsukuba is lower than the SSA inferred from the sky-radiometer. The large absorption of aerosol is mainly due to black carbon (BC). The above facts indicate that the BC is distributed near the ground surface and the larger part of the aeolian dust layer does not include the BC.
Particle‐Size Distributions

Conventional soil texture classification systems use different definitions of particle-size distributions (PSDs). For example, sand in the International Soil Science Society (ISSS) system equals the combined separate limits of coarse silt and sand in the USDA system. Because relationships between texture and other soil properties are affected by these differences, the ability to merge survey data in environmental studies is limited. Previous research calculated two PSD statistics, namely the geometric mean particle diameter (dg) and its standard deviation (σg), which do not depend on separate limits. We expanded the development of the PSD statistics dg and σg to compare the USDA and ISSS systems, develop relationships with soil properties, include rock fragments, and simplify the USDA texture classification to facilitate the use of soil survey data in environmental research. We found that (i) for equal clay and sand fractions, the texture of a soil sample as described by the USDA system has larger dg and σg values than in ISSS; (ii) for equal clay and sand fractions, soil samples have larger values of cation-exchange capacity (CEC) in the ISSS than in the USDA system; (iii) small differences between some of the traditional 12 USDA classes are reflected in the dg and σg values for samples containing rocks, thereby presenting a rationale for simplification; and (iv) with this rationale, the 12 USDA classes were aggregated into five classes.
Burrows of the Ghost Crab Ocypode Quadrata (Fabricius) on the Barrier Islands, South-Central Texas Coast

ABSTRACT Burrows of the grapsoid crab Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius) are important biogenic sedimentary structures on Texas barrier islands. Variation in the shape, diameter, length, orientation, and areal density of the burrows can be used to define subenvironments of the beach and foredune ridge. An increase in diameter, length, and morphological complexity of the burrows together with a decrease in burrow abundance from the upper foreshore to the back edge of the beach differentiate beach subzones. Greater burrow size and abundance and a simpler shape distinguish O. quadrata burrows in the dune mounds from burrows in the interdune flats of the foredune ridge. A preferred burrow orientation descending to the northwest in the backshore contrasts with a random orientation of burrow in the foredune ridge. Although the preferred orientation is away from the shoreline, factors not directly related to shoreline trend may be responsible.
Utilization of Plastic Waste in Construction of Roads

The plastic waste quantity in municipal solid waste is increasing due to increase in population and changes in life style. Thus disposal of waste plastic is a hazardous and become a serious problem globally due to their non-biodegradability. Plastic roads are found to perform better than ordinary roads and therefore use of plastic road construction has gained importance these days. Disposal of waste plastic bags has become a serious problem and waste plastics are burnt for disposal which causes environmental pollution. Utilization of waste plastic bituminous mixes has proved that these enhance the properties of mix in addition to solving disposal problems. Waste like plastic bottles, polymers, cups, etc. can be re-used by powdering or blending it with crusher and can be coated over aggregate and bitumen by any heating process. This paper describes the various aspects of utilization of plastic waste in construction of roads.
Variability of Tropical Diurnal Sea Surface Temperature

Abstract A dataset consisting of daily diurnal warming values from 1996 through 2000 covering the global Tropics (30°N through 30°S) at 0.25° × 0.25° resolution has been created using a parameterization for the diurnal warming developed previously. The inputs to the parameterization are the peak shortwave solar radiation [determined from International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) data] and daily averaged wind speed [determined from Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) data]. Comparisons with Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO) and Pilot Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA) buoys show that the biases are small (mean bias is 0.0012°C; the standard deviation and correlation are 0.26°C and 0.74) and show no discernable geographic bias. The 5-yr average shows that throughout most regions the values are small, with higher values (approaching 1°C) in the northern Indian Ocean, the western equatorial Pacific, the equatorial eastern Pacific, .
Room temperature phosphorescence from a guest molecule confined in the restrictive space of an organic-inorganic supramolecular assembly

Stable room-temperature phosphorescence of guest aromatic molecules was achieved by the effective suppression of oxygen quenching. The organic capsule (first wall) suppressed static oxygen quenching by enclosing a guest molecule, and dynamic quenching via the capsule opening-closing process was well suppressed and manipulated by the intercalation of this capsule into the restrictive space between clay nanosheets (second wall).
Impact of the Middle and Upper Tropospheric Cooling over Central Asia on the Summer Rainfall in the Tarim Basin, China

AbstractThe changes in summer rainfall over the Tarim Basin, China, and the underlying mechanisms have been investigated using the observed rainfall data at 34 stations and the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data during the period of 1961–2007. Results show that the summer rainfall over the Tarim Basin, which exhibits a significant increasing trend during the last half century, is closely related to the summer middle and upper tropospheric cooling over central Asia. Mechanism analysis indicates that the middle and upper tropospheric cooling over central Asia results in a location farther south of the subtropical westerly jet over western and central Asia with anomalous southerly wind at lower levels and ascending motion prevailing over the Tarim Basin. Such anomalies in the atmospheric circulations provide favorable conditions for the enhanced summer rainfall over the Tarim Basin. Further analysis suggests that the weakened South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) could be potentially responsible for the middle and upper .
Correlates of sexually related personal distress in women with low sexual desire.

INTRODUCTION Sexual distress is an important component of diagnostic criteria for sexual dysfunctions, but little is known about the factors associated with sexual distress in women with low sexual desire. AIM To investigate the correlates of sexual distress in women with self-reported low sexual desire. METHODS The Prevalence of Female Sexual Problems Associated with Distress and Determinants of Treatment Seeking study was a cross-sectional, nationally representative, mailed survey of U.S. adult women. There were 31,581 respondents (response rate 63.2%) to the 42-item questionnaire that measured sexual function, sexual distress, demographic, and health-related factors. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the correlates of distress. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Low sexual desire was defined as a response of "never" or "rarely" to the question, "How often do you desire to engage in sexual activity? " Sexual distress was measured with the Female Sexual Distress Scale (range 0-48), with a score of 15 or higher indicating presence of distress. RESULTS Of 10,429 women with low desire, 2,868 (27.5%) had sexual distress (mean age 48.6 years, 81% with a current partner). Women without distress were 10 years older on average, and 44% had a current partner. Having a partner was strongly related to distress (odds ratio 4.6, 95% confidence interval 4.1-5.2). Other correlates were age, race, current depression, anxiety, lower social functioning, hormonal medication use, urinary incontinence, and concurrent sexual problems (arousal or orgasm). Dissatisfaction with sex life was more common in women with low desire and distress (65%) than in those without distress (20%). CONCLUSIONS Age has a curvilinear relationship with distress, and the strongest correlate of sexual distress was having a current partner. Sexual distress and dissatisfaction with sex life are strongly correlated. Distress is higher in women with low sexual desire in a partner relationship; further research on this factor is needed.
Domains in the 1 (cid:97) Dynein Heavy Chain Required for Inner Arm Assembly and Flagellar Motility in Chlamydomonas

Flagellar motility is generated by the activity of multiple dynein motors, but the speciﬁc role of each dynein heavy chain (Dhc) is largely unknown, and the mechanism by which the different Dhcs are targeted to their unique locations is also poorly understood. We re-port here the complete nucleotide sequence of the Chlamydomonas Dhc1 gene and the corresponding deduced amino acid sequence of the 1 (cid:97) Dhc of the I1 inner dynein arm. The 1 (cid:97) Dhc is similar to other axonemal Dhcs, but two additional phosphate binding motifs (P-loops) have been identiﬁed in the NH 2 - and COOH-terminal regions. Because mutations in Dhc1 result in motility defects and loss of the I1 inner arm, a series of Dhc1 transgenes were used to rescue the mutant phenotypes. Motile cotransformants that express either full-length or truncated 1 (cid:97) Dhcs were recovered. The truncated 1 (cid:97) Dhc fragments lacked the dynein motor domain, but still assembled with the 1 (cid:98) Dhc and other I1 subunits into partially functional complexes at the correct axoneme location. Analysis of the transformants has identiﬁed the site of the 1 (cid:97) motor domain in the I1 structure and further revealed the role of the 1 (cid:97) Dhc in ﬂagellar motility and phototactic behavior. isolated from wild-type and G3, digested with the restriction enzymes SacI and KpnI, and analyzed on Southern blots probed with Dhc1 subclones. A polymorphic 7.2-kb SacI-KpnI fragment was identified in G3 using sub- clone C. This polymorphic fragment was recovered from G3 genomic DNA by constructing a size-selected minilibrary, and then screening the library with subclone C. After single colony purification, the 3 (cid:57) end of the truncated Dhc1 transgene was sequenced with Dhc1 specific primers to determine the predicted amino acid sequence at the COOH terminus of the 1 (cid:97) Dhc fragment.
Four Decades of Progress in Monitoring and Modeling of Processes in the Soil-Plant- Atmosphere System: Applications and Challenges Cellular Automata based modeling for the assessment of ecohydrological dynamics at the hillslope scale: preliminary results

Abstract An improved version of a Cellular Automata (CA)-based ecohydrological model developed using a Macroscopic CA approach was applied in a numerical experiment over a large hillslope. The original model was made up of a Vegetation Dynamic Model (VDM) coupled to a Soil–Vegetation–Atmosphere Transfer (SVAT) scheme and to a three-dimensional unsaturated flow and heat diffusion model. It was built in a problem solving environment that uses macroscopic CA both as a tool to model and simulate dynamic complex phenomena and as a computational model for parallel processing. The new version of the ecohydrological model adds flow generation and flow routing modules, allowing to govern liquid water interactions between surface and subsurface domains, to account for depression storage, obstruction storage exclusion and changing surface roughness owing to vegetation dynamics. This paper shows the preliminary results of the analysis of vegetation-hydrology dynamics performed on a ‘reference’ hillslope, with the same morphological characteristics of the Biosphere 2 hillslope experiment, hypothesized fully vegetated with alfalfa grass. Soil moisture and turbulent fluxes spatial and temporal variability was assessed for a period characterized by a single wetting event followed by a dry-down period. The computational performance of the CA-based model allowed a sensitivity analysis over the hillslope, varying both precipitation intensity and soil moisture initial conditions. Surface runoff, soil moisture, evapotranspiration and Leaf Area Index space-time distributions were evaluated for each scenario, highlighting the main differences depending on the changing features of the experiments. © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the conference.
JM-JABF210211 158..162

Introduction Breast cancer is one of the top causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 2.3 million cases of breast cancer were diagnosed in 2020, and it was the leading cause of cancer-related death for women. Incidence is even higher in the United States, where 1 in every 8 women is diagnosed with some form of invasive breast cancer at some point during their lifetime. The American Cancer Society has also reported that 1 in 39 American women will die from breast cancer each year. Early detection of breast cancer through regular mammographic screening has been shown to reduce the mortality rate of breast cancer by upward of 20% among women ages 50 to 74. Therefore, increasing adherence to screening recommendations is an urgent priority. Individuals with diabetes may be at greater risk of developing breast cancer and may be less likely to adhere to screening guidelines. Studies have found that individuals with diabetes have a 20% greater risk of developing breast cancer. One of the major reasons behind this is due to the fact that patients with chronic illnesses, such as diabetes, are less likely to engage in routine mammogram screenings. It may be that managing a complex, chronic illness such as diabetes takes time and resources, which may interfere with preventive This article was externally peer reviewed. Submitted 7 June 2021; revised 20 August 2021; accepted 30 August 2021. From University of South Florida, Honors College, Tampa, FL (MP, MM); University of South Florida, College of Public Health, Tampa, FL (JS); University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Tampa, FL (JC, KH); Moffit Cancer Center, Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Tampa, FL (KT). Funding: This article was not funded by any organization, community, or group. Conflict of interest: None. Corresponding author: Karim Hanna, MD, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612 (E-mail: khanna@usf.edu).
La campagne Cops: genèse et cycle de vie de la convection en région montagneuse

The Convective and Orographically- induced Precipitation Study (COPS) is a coordinated international project, comprised of an observational field campaign and a research programme aiming to advance the quality of fore- casts of orographically-induced pre- cipitation by four-dimensional obser- vations and modelling of its life cycle. The COPS field campaign took place during June-July-August 2007 over eastern France and south-western Germany. Its main objective was to provide an unprecedented comprehen- sive set of in situ and remotely-sensed meteorological observations of the entire depth of the troposphere. After a short overview of the project, the paper focuses on the French contribution to the COPS field phase, describes the experimental setup and highlights some key observations.
Concerted variation in melanogenesis genes underlies emergent patterning of plumage in capuchino seedeaters

Coloration traits are central to animal communication; they often govern mate choice, promote reproductive isolation and catalyse speciation. Specific genetic changes can cause variation in coloration, yet far less is known about how overall coloration patterns—which involve combinations of multiple colour patches across the body—can arise and are genomically controlled. We performed genome-wide association analyses to link genomic changes to variation in melanin (eumelanin and pheomelanin) concentration in feathers from different body parts in the capuchino seedeaters, an avian radiation with diverse colour patterns despite remarkably low genetic differentiation across species. Cross-species colour variation in each plumage patch is associated with unique combinations of variants at a few genomic regions, which include mostly non-coding (presumably regulatory) areas close to known pigmentation genes. Genotype–phenotype associations can vary depending on patch colour and are stronger for eumelanin pigmentation, suggesting eumelanin production is tightly regulated. Although some genes are involved in colour variation in multiple patches, in some cases, the SNPs associated with colour changes in different patches segregate spatially. These results suggest that coloration patterning in capuchinos is generated by the modular combination of variants that regulate multiple melanogenesis genes, a mechanism that may have promoted this rapid radiation.