Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A joint analysis of BLAST 250–500 μm and LABOCA 870 μm observations in the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South

We present a joint analysis of the overlapping Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimetre Telescope (BLAST) 250, 350, 500 μm, and LABOCA 870 μm observations [from the LABOCA ECDFS Submm Survey (LESS) survey] of the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South. Out to z∼ 3, the BLAST filters sample near the peak wavelength of thermal far-infrared (FIR) emission from galaxies (rest-frame wavelengths ∼60–200 μm), primarily produced by dust heated through absorption in star-forming clouds. However, identifying counterparts to individual BLAST peaks is very challenging, given the large beams [full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) 36–60 arcsec]. In contrast, the ground-based 870 μm observations have a significantly smaller 19 arcsec FWHM beam, and are sensitive to higher redshifts (z∼ 1–5, and potentially beyond) due to the more favourable negative K-correction. We use the LESS data, as well as deep Spitzer and VLA imaging, to identify 118 individual sources that produce significant emission in the BLAST bands. We characterize the temperatures and FIR luminosities for a subset of 69 sources which have well-measured submillimetre (submm) spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and redshift measurements out to z∼ 3. For flux-limited sub-samples in each BLAST band, and a dust emissivity index β= 2.0, we find a median temperature T= 30 K (all bands) as well as median redshifts: z= 1.1 (interquartile range 0.2–1.9) for S250 > 40 mJy; z= 1.3 (interquartile range 0.6–2.1) for S350 > 30 mJy; and z= 1.6 (interquartile range 1.3–2.3) for S500 > 20 mJy. Taking into account the selection effects for our survey (a bias towards detecting lower-temperature galaxies), we find no evidence for evolution in the local FIR–temperature correlation out to z∼ 2.5. Comparing with star-forming galaxy SED templates, about 8 per cent of our sample appears to exhibit significant excesses in the radio and/or mid-IR, consistent with those sources harbouring active galactic nuclei (AGN). Since our statistical approach differs from most previous studies of submm galaxies, we describe the following techniques in two appendices: our ‘matched filter’ for identifying sources in the presence of point-source confusion; and our approach for identifying counterparts using likelihood ratios. This study is a direct precursor to future joint FIR/submm surveys, for which we outline a potential identification and SED measurement strategy.
Clinical errors, nursing shortage and moral distress: The situation in Jordan

Abstract In the current healthcare arena, clinical errors are receiving much attention. Unintentionally, nurses commit errors, which require guiding ethical principles. This replicated study aimed to assess Jordanian Registered Nurses’ (RNs) perceptions of clinical errors they had committed over the past year: assess nurses’ perceptions of clinical errors committed by other nurses’ detect if these errors were related to the nursing shortage and assess whether or not nurses felt any moral distress. The studied phenomena were compared across different hospitals as well as in various units and wards. A survey was used to collect data from 420 nurses from 13 hospitals. A considerable percentage of RNs reported that they omitted to give medication/treatment or gave medication/treatment at the wrong time, and also indicated that other nurses gave incorrect medication or incorrectly administered treatments; practice issues which were related to the nursing shortage and causing moral distress. RNs perceived that clinical errors/untoward clinical incidents that they and other nurses experienced occurred largely because of the nursing shortage and resulted in moral distress. Moreover, a considerable percentage of RNs perceived that other nurses made clinical errors and/or experienced untoward clinical incidents related to the nursing shortage more frequently than the RNs themselves. Across different types of hospitals, nurses were not different in regard to clinical errors and their treatments, and the resultant moral distress. Nurses in units were slightly higher than nurses in wards in reporting clinical errors, treating them when they occurred, relating these errors to the nursing shortage, and thus were experiencing more moral distress. Aggravated by the nursing shortage, moral distress that occurs as a result of clinical errors is increasing, thus nurse managers should assess the contributing factors of moral distress and find ways to eliminate them.
Does a modified mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) course have the potential to reduce stress and burnout in NHS GPs? Feasibility study

Abstract Aim To explore, for the first time, whether a modified mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) course has the potential to reduce stress and burnout among National Health Service (NHS) General Practitioners. Background There is a crisis of low morale among NHS GPs, with most describing their workload as ‘unmanageable’. MBCT has been demonstrated to improve stress and burnout in other populations, but has not yet been evaluated in a cohort of NHS GPs. Methods NHS GPs in South East England (n=22) attended a modified version of the MBCT course approved by National Institute for Health and Care Excellence for prevention of depressive relapse. This comprised eight weekly 2-h sessions with homework (mindfulness practice) between sessions. Participants completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) before (baseline) and then again one month (T2) and three months (T3) after attending the course. We also obtained qualitative data on participants’ experiences of the course. Findings Compliance with the intervention was very high. All GPs attended at least six sessions and all completed baseline questionnaires. At T2, data were obtained from 21 participants (95%); PSS scores were significantly lower than at baseline (P<0.001), as were MBI emotional exhaustion (P<0.001) and depersonalization scores (P=0.0421). At T3 we obtained data for 13 participants (59%); PSS scores and MBI emotional exhaustion scores were significantly lower (P<0.001; P=0.0024, respectively) and personal accomplishment scores were significantly higher (P<0.001) than at baseline. Participants reported that the course helped them to manage work pressures, feel more relaxed, enjoy their work and experience greater empathy and compassion (for self, colleagues and patients). Findings of this preliminary evaluation are promising. Further research is needed to evaluate this approach within a larger randomized-controlled trial.
Bone marrow oxalosis: An unusual cause of cytopenia in end-stage renal disease; report of two cases

Systemic oxalosis can be either primary or secondary hyperoxaluria. Oxalosis is a phenomenon in which calcium oxalate crystals deposit in various visceral organs leading to bone marrow (BM) failure and recurrent renal stones. We describe two rare cases of BM oxalosis. Hyperoxaluria is strongly associated with nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. Both the patients presented with recurrent renal stones and a variable degree of BM failure. BM oxalosis should be considered as a possible diagnosis in patients in recurrent nephrolithiasis and cytopenia.
Progress in Contact, Doping and Mobility Engineering of MoS2: An Atomically Thin 2D Semiconductor

Atomically thin molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a member of the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) family, has emerged as the prototypical two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor with a multitude of interesting properties and promising device applications spanning all realms of electronics and optoelectronics. While possessing inherent advantages over conventional bulk semiconducting materials (such as Si, Ge and III-Vs) in terms of enabling ultra-short channel and, thus, energy efficient field-effect transistors (FETs), the mechanically flexible and transparent nature of MoS2 makes it even more attractive for use in ubiquitous flexible and transparent electronic systems. However, before the fascinating properties of MoS2 can be effectively harnessed and put to good use in practical and commercial applications, several important technological roadblocks pertaining to its contact, doping and mobility (µ) engineering must be overcome. This paper reviews the important technologically relevant properties of semiconducting 2D TMDCs followed by a discussion of the performance projections of, and the major engineering challenges that confront, 2D MoS2-based devices. Finally, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the various engineering solutions employed, thus far, to address the all-important issues of contact resistance (RC), controllable and area-selective doping, and charge carrier mobility enhancement in these devices. Several key experimental and theoretical results are cited to supplement the discussions and provide further insight.
White matter alterations in the internal capsule and psychomotor impairment in melancholic depression

Emerging evidence suggests that structural brain abnormalities may play a role in the pathophysiology of melancholic depression. We set out to test whether diffusion-derived estimates of white matter structure were disrupted in melancholia in regions underpinning psychomotor function. We hypothesized that those with melancholia (and evidencing impaired psychomotor function) would show disrupted white matter organization in internal capsule subdivisions. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data were acquired from 22 melancholic depressed, 23 non-melancholic depressed, and 29 healthy control participants. Voxel-wise fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) values were derived for anterior, posterior, and retrolenticular limbs of the internal capsule and compared between groups. Neuropsychological (reaction time) and psychomotor functioning were assessed and correlated against FA. Fractional anisotropy was distinctly increased, whilst RD was decreased, in the right anterior internal capsule in those with melancholia, compared to controls. The right anterior limb of the internal capsule correlated with clinical ratings of psychomotor disturbance, and reduced psychomotor speed was associated with increased FA values in the right retrolenticular limb in those with melancholia. Our findings highlight a distinct disturbance in the local white matter arrangement in specific regions of the internal capsule in melancholia, which in turn is associated with psychomotor dysfunction. This study clarifies the contribution of structural brain integrity to the phenomenology of melancholia, and may assist future efforts seeking to integrate neurobiological markers into depression subtyping.
Revisiting Strephosymbolie: The Connection between Interhemispheric Transfer and Developmental Dyslexia

The hypothesis that an atypical hemispheric specialization is associated to developmental dyslexia (DD) is receiving renewed interest, lending some support to Orton’s theory. In this article, we investigated whether interhemispheric transfer processes (IHT) are likely to be involved in developmental dyslexia. In this study, we tested 13 children with developmental dyslexia and 13 matched controls (aged 8 to 13 years) in four different tasks. In a tactile transfer task, the dyslexic children’s performance was less accurate. In a standard Poffenberger paradigm, dyslexic children performed slower than the controls in all conditions and did not show any difference between crossed and uncrossed conditions. Furthermore, they showed an increased asymmetry of performance according to the responding hand, while controls gave more coherent responses. In a visual task of object orientation discrimination, dyslexic children had slower Response Times (RTs) than controls, especially for mirror-reversed objects in the right visual field. Finally, a higher number of dyslexic children showed mirror-drawing or mirror-writing with respect to controls. Our results as a whole show that children with DD are impaired in interhemispheric transfer, although the differences in performance among dyslexic individuals suggest the impairment of different psychophysiological mechanisms. As such, a common origin in terms of connectivity problems is proposed.
New type of membrane material for water desalination based on a cross-linked bicontinuous cubic lyotropic liquid crystal assembly.

A polymeric membrane material for efficient water desalination based on a cross-linked type I bicontinuous cubic (QI) lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) assembly is described. This ordered, nanoporous, polymer material is formed by the self-assembly of a cross-linkable gemini amphiphile in water and contains interpenetrating organic networks separated from one another by a continuous, ultrathin water layer surface (ca. 0.75 nm gap spacing) with overall cubic symmetry. Supported membranes of this material are produced by hot-pressing the initial LLC monomer gel at high pressure through a commercial microporous hydrophilic membrane support at 70 °C and then radically photocross-linking the infused QI monomer phase. In stirred dead-end water filtration tests, the resulting 40-μm thick, optically transparent, supported LLC membranes exhibit 95−99.9% rejection of dissolved salt ions, neutral molecules and macromolecules, and molecular ions in the 0.64−1.2 nm size range in a single pass. This rejection performance .
Minimally Invasive Access to the Posterior Cranial Fossa: An Anatomical Study Comparing a Retrosigmoidal Endoscopic Approach to a Microscopic Approach

Abstract Objectives The central location and complex neurovascular structures of the posterior cranial fossa make tumor resection in this region challenging. The traditional surgical approach is a suboccipital craniotomy using a microscope for visualization. This approach necessitates a large surgical window and cerebellar retraction, which can result in patient morbidity. With the advances in endoscopic technology, minimally invasive access to the cerebellopontine angle can be achieved with minimal manipulation of uninvolved structures, reducing the complications associated with the suboccipital approach. Methods An endoscopic and microscopic approach was completed on anatomic specimens. To access the central structures of the posterior cranial fossa, a retrosigmoidal approach was undertaken. A keyhole craniotomy was made in the occipital bone posterior to the junction of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses. The endoscope was advanced and photographs were obtained for review. The exposure was compared with that obtained with a microscope. Results The endoscopic retrosigmoidal approach to the posterior cranial fossa provided increased exposure to the midline structures while minimizing the surgical window. The relevant anatomy was identified without difficulty. Conclusion An endoscopic retrosigmoidal approach to the midline structures of the posterior cranial fossa is anatomically feasible. The morbidity associated with retraction of the cerebellum could possibly be avoided, improving patient outcomes. Retrosigmoidal endoscopy provides access to anatomical structures that is not possible using a microscope in a suboccipital approach. Further understanding of the endoscopic anatomy of the posterior fossa can allow for advances in cranial base surgery with improved safety and efficacy.
Sjogren ' s syndrome induced pulmonary arterial hypertension and its treatment – A case report

Prevalence of primary-Sjogren's syndrome in the general population has been estimated to be around 1 to 3%. Nine out of ten Sjogren's patients are women. The most important complication is a 44-fold increase in the risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma, compared with the general population. PAH due to Sjogren's syndrome to our knowledge is rare; only 32 cases have been reported in pSS patients to date. We here present you the case of a 30 year old women with Sjogren's syndrome and auto-immune hypothyroidism who has developed pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). So, we hereby draw your attention to the emergence of a rare complication of a rare disease such as Sjogren's syndrome and its management. Keywords
Detecting Deception in a Human-Robot Interaction Scenario

Our work aims at developing a behavioral model enabling customized and natural interaction between a robot and an elderly individual in the context of the EU H2020 ENRICHME Project - Grant Agreement 643691. The main idea of the project is to make the robot able to learn from past experiences and to adapt its behavior to the profile (i.e., personality, cognitive disability level, emotional internal states) and preferences of the person it interacts with. In this paper the robot will try to determine if the person it interacts with is trying to deceive it or not. Some first preliminary experiments and results are presented.
The Effect of Stents in Cerebral Aneurysms: A Review

The etiology of up to 95% of cerebral aneurysms may be accounted for by hemodynamically-induced factors that create vascular injury. The purpose of this review is to describe key physical properties that stents have and how they affect cerebral aneurysms. We performed a two-step screening process . First, a structured search was performed using the PubMed database. The following search terms and keywords were used: “Hemodynamics,” “wall shear stress (WSS),” “velocity,” “viscosity,” “cerebral aneurysm,” “intracranial aneurysm,” “stent,” “flow diverter,” “stent porosity,” “stent geometry,” “stent configuration,” and “stent design. ” Reports were considered if they included original data, discussed hemodynamic changes after stent-based treatment of cerebral aneurysms, examined the hemodynamic effects of stent deployment, and/or described the geometric characteristics of both stents and the aneurysms they were used to treat. The search strategy yielded a total of 122 articles, 61 were excluded after screening the titles and abstracts. Additional articles were then identified by cross-checking reference lists. The final collection of 97 articles demonstrates that the geometric characteristics and configurations of deployed stents influenced hemodynamic parameters such as aneurysmal WSS, inflow, and pressure. The geometric characteristics of the aneurysm and its position also had significant influences on intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics after treatment. In conclusion, changes in specific aneurysmal hemodynamic parameters that result from stenting relate to a number of factors including the geometric properties and configurations of deployed stents, the geometric properties of the aneurysm, and the pretreatment hemodynamics.
Beyond consistency test of gravity with redshift-space distortions at quasilinear scales

Redshift-space distortions (RSDs) offer an attractive method to measure the growth of cosmic structure on large scales, and combining with the measurement of the cosmic expansion history, they can be used as cosmological tests of gravity. With the advent of future galaxy redshift surveys aiming at precisely measuring the RSD, an accurate modeling of RSD going beyond linear theory is a critical issue in order to detect or disprove small deviations from general relativity (GR). While several improved models of RSD have been recently proposed based on the perturbation theory (PT), the framework of these models heavily relies on GR. Here, we put forward a new PT prescription for RSD in general modified gravity models. As a specific application, we present theoretical predictions of the redshift-space power spectra in the f(R) gravity model, and compare them with N -body simulations. Using the PT template that takes into account the effects of both modifications of gravity and RSD properly, we successfully recover the fiducial model parameter in N -body simulations in an unbiased way. On the other hand, we found it difficult to detect the scale dependence of the growth rate in a model-independent way based on GR templates.
J C A P 0 2 ( 2 0 1 4 ) 0 2 0 ournal of C osmology and A stroparticle P hysics

We study a simple model that can give rise to isospin-violating interactions of Dirac fermion asymmetric dark matter to protons and neutrons through the interference of a scalar and U(1)′ gauge boson contribution. The model can yield a large suppression of the elastic scattering cross section off Xenon relative to Silicon thus reconciling CDMS-Si and LUX results while being compatible with LHC findings on the 126 GeV Higgs, electroweak precision tests and flavour constraints.
Hexameric and pentameric complexes of the ExbBD energizer in the Ton system

Gram-negative bacteria import essential nutrients such as iron and vitamin B12 through outer membrane receptors. This process utilizes proton motive force harvested by the Ton system made up of three inner membrane proteins, ExbB, ExbD and TonB. ExbB and ExbD form the proton channel that energizes uptake through TonB. Recently, crystal structures suggest that the ExbB pentamer is the scaffold. Here, we present structures of hexameric complexes of ExbB and ExbD revealed by X-ray crystallography and single particle cryo-EM. Image analysis shows that hexameric and pentameric complexes coexist, with the proportion of hexamer increasing with pH. Channel current measurement and 2D crystallography support the existence and transition of the two oligomeric states in membranes. The hexameric complex consists of six ExbB subunits and three ExbD transmembrane helices enclosed within the central channel. We propose models for activation/inactivation associated with hexamer and pentamer formation and utilization of proton motive force.
Quality Differentiation and Trade Intermediation

Existing studies show that intermediaries can help verify or screen product quality for buyers. This paper examines this claim both theoretically and empirically in the context of international trade. We develop a heterogeneous-firm model that features vertical and horizontal differentiations of products, a coexistence of direct exporting and indirect exporting through intermediaries, and firms' investment in quality signaling. When complete contracts are not available, intermediaries underinvest in quality signaling from the perspective of the producer. For products that are more horizontally differentiated, competition is less intense and even low-quality firms export via intermediaries. These two mechanisms yield a negative (positive) cross-product relation between vertical (horizontal) differentiation and the prevalence of trade intermediation. Intermediation is more prevalent in the more (both physically and culturally) distant destinations, more so for the more vertically and horizontally differentiated products. Using detailed product-level data from China, we find supporting evidence for these predications.