Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Image retargeting with protection of object arrangement

The relative arrangement, such as relative positions and orientations among objects, can play an important role in expressing the situation such as sports games and race scenes, etc. In this paper, we propose a retargeting method that allows maintaining the relative arrangement. Our proposed retargeting method is based on a warping method which finds an optimal transformation by solving an energy minimization problem. To achieve protection of object arrangement, we introduce an energy that enforces all the objects and the relative positions among these objects to be transformed by the same transformation in the retargeting process. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method maintains the relative arrangement while protecting important regions.
VHDL Design OFDM System using FFT / IFFT

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a multi-carrier system where data bits are encoded to multiple sub-carriers, while being sent simultaneously. This results in the optimal usage of bandwidth. A set of orthogonal sub-carriers together forms an OFDM symbol. To avoid ISI due to multi-path, successive OFDM symbols are separated by guard band. This makes the OFDM system resistant to multi-path effects. The main advantage of this transmission technique is their robustness to channel fading in wireless communication environment. The main focus of this project is to design 8point IFFT and FFT blocks which are used in transmitter and receiver blocks of OFDM system. The methodology used is the 8-point IFFT/FFT (DIT) with radix-2 butterfly algorithm. The design unit also consists of modulation and demodulation for mapping technique. The design has been coded in VHDL. The timing simulation and synthesized results are performed and the design is analyzed by using Xilinx ISE 13.2 tools.
STAR-D: Multiclass SVM-Based Smart TV Attack Ransomware Detection via DLL/API File Features

- Recent ransomware attacks have been expensive due to the tremendous harm and disruption they caused in various ways, including health, industries, business, education and insurance. The idea that a backup can guard against a hacker stealing an organisation’s digital data has been dispelled by recent ransomware outbreaks like WannaCry and Not Petya. Numerous malware detection techniques have been put forth to identify various virus families. However, the issue has not yet been resolved because malware is always developing. In this study, a unique Smart TV Attack Ransomware Detection (STAR-D) method based on Multiclass SVM and DLL/ Application Programming Interface (API) file features has been proposed. In this framework, machine learning is used to examine the ransomware at many levels, including its Dynamic Link Library (DLL) and APIs. Term Frequency and Inverse Document Frequency (TFIDF) were used to further process the raw data from the malware and smart TV to produce the final feature sets. Finally, a multiclass SVM is provided with these attributes as inputs to classify the assault. Although a general-purpose computer can potentially be used, it employs the Apache Spark computing environment for speedier processing. For evaluating the efficacy of the suggested model, the accuracy, specificity, parameters sensitivity, precision and F1 score are taken into account. The suggested approach outperforms Naive Bayes, Random Forest, and Decision Tree in terms of overall accuracy by 0.82%, 1.32%, and 3.57%, respectively.
Homogeneity out of heterogeneity.

hree different mechanisms are now recognized as participating in the regulation of cardiac function1: by changing end-diastolic fiber length (Starling's law of the heart), by biochemical changes occurring within the myocardial cell (myocardial contractility), and by altered gene expression (molecular biology). Each plays a distinct role in allowing cardiac function to respond to the changing demands that the body places on the cardiovascular system. Starling's law of the heart, which operates at the organ level, regulates the output of the heart on a beat-to-beat basis by adjusting cardiac work capacity to changes in pre-load and afterload. Changing myocardial contractil-ity regulates cardiac performance over a slower time course, largely by altering the Ca2` fluxes involved in excitation-contraction coupling; this second mechanism allows individual myocardial cells to respond to humoral stimuli such as the sympa-thetic neurotransmitters released during exercise.
Tortoise vs. Hare: a Case for Slow and Steady Retrieval of Large Files

Large file transfers impact system performance at all levels of a network along the data path from source to destination. The increased traffic and contention for shared resources affects all users on the network and results in degraded performance for these users, especially when the network is under high demand. The current trends in large data retrieval have the hare mentality: retrieve data as fast and hard as possible without regard for other users. We find that a single user utilizing these types of techniques on a large, academic network can quickly and significantly affect network performance at multiple levels. The single user’s workload is able to increase the local network utilization from a normal of 30 to 90+%. As a solution to this problem, we find that we can minimize performance impact by using the tortoise approach of slow and steady data retrieval for large files when the network is under high load. By fairly restricting the transfer rates of large file transfers, we surprisingly find improved performance for all users, including the users that had their transfers restricted.
Authentication, access control, and audit

—Authentication establishes the identity of one party to another. Most commonly authentication establishes the identity of a user to some part of the system, typically by means of a password. More generally, authentication can be computer-to-computer or process-toprocess and mutual in both directions. —Access control determines what one party will allow another to do with respect to resources and objects mediated by the former. Access control usually requires authentication as a prerequisite. —The audit process gathers data about activity in the system and analyzes it to discover security violations or diagnose their cause. Analysis can occur offline after the fact or online in real time. In the latter case, the process is usually called intrusion detection.
Solanum xanthocarpum Chemical Constituents and Medicinal Properties : A Review

India with its knowledge of rich ancient traditional systems of medicine provides a strong base for the utilization of a large number of plants in general healthcare. Large number of herbal drugs existing in India, very few has been studied systematically so far. Solanum xanthocarpum is an important medicinal herb in Ayurvedic medicine. Various studies indicated that Solanum xanthocarpum possesses antiasthmatic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antibacterial and insect repellent properties. The present review aims to document the medicinal properties of Solanum xanthocarpum and its potential prospects for the further scientific investigation for the development of effective therapeutic compounds.
Hydrocephalus during rehabilitation following severe TBI. Relation to recovery, outcome, and length of stay.

BACKGROUND Post traumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) is a frequent complication during rehabilitation following severe TBI. However, the diagnosis of PTH is not straightforward and despite shunting recovery may be delayed. OBJECTIVE To study the influence of PTH on recovery and outcome during rehabilitation. METHODS We studied 417 patients with severe TBI admitted consecutively to a single hospital-based neurorehabilitation department serving Eastern Denmark between 2000 and 2010. Demographics (age and gender) and clinical characteristics (length of acute treatment, post traumatic amnesia (PTA), level of consciousness, injury severity (ISS), and admission FIM™), and PTH were related to recovery (discharge FIM™), outcome (GOS), and length of rehabilitation stay. RESULTS Patients with PTH were older, brain injury more severe, and acute treatment was longer. At discharge they had more disability, longer rehabilitation stays, and unfavorable outcome. However, after adjusted multiple regression analyses PTH was not associated with disability at discharge or outcome. Instead, PTH was associated with longer stay for rehabilitation. CONCLUTIONS Shunting for PTH does not affect recovery and outcome per se, but prolongs lengths of stay by almost 3 weeks. Therefore, patients treated for PTH are as likely to benefit from rehabilitation as patients without, but require longer rehabilitation stays.
HIV and infertility: time to treat

No established guidelines exist for defining access to fertility care for individuals infected with HIV. Although many in vitro fertilisation units in the United Kingdom screen patients for HIV, only a handful are prepared to treat couples if one or other partner tests positive. A premise of offering assisted conception treatment is a consideration for the welfare of any child born or affected as a result of treatment. In the case of HIV the primary concern is over the life expectancy of the infected parent and the risk of viral transmission to either the uninfected partner or offspring. 1 2 The ethical dilemmas these issues raise have, until now, provided sufficient grounds for most units offering assisted conception to close their doors to patients infected with HIV who ask for help or who test positive in their preliminary investigation.3 Combination antiretroviral therapy has produced radical improvements in life expectancy and quality of life for both children and adults infected with HIV in developed countries. Current estimates suggest that …
A Review of Serdes CMOS Transceiver for High Speed Data Transmission

The development of specialized hardware components to expedite image processing activities is the main goal of the VLSI implementation. These parts consist of memory structures designed for image data, processors tuned for particular algorithms, and specialized accelerators for operations like feature extraction, image filtering, and convolution. In order to enable real-time and resource-efficient applications, high-throughput and low-latency image processing on hardware is the aim.
Interaction Patterns as Support for Cognitive Modeling

Cognitive models represent the knowledge and information processes that are assumed to be required for task performance. Cognitive architectures are used as an integrative framework of psychological theories; they further allow the simulation of human behavior in finegrained steps. The promising potential of cognitive modeling as a method for evaluating dynamic humanmachine systems, especially in early stages of the design process, is well-known. Nevertheless, the use of this method in industrial and research departments is sporadic as a result of both high costs and a huge amount of time to build and verify models. Following from this, the development of high-level languages to model human cognition based on low-level cognitive architecture is a contemporary matter in the cognitive research community (see Ritter et al., 2006, for an overview of current high-level approaches). Simplifying the model-building process and improving concepts for sharing and reusing model components are the main objectives of the various high-level approaches.
Desulfurization of dibenzothiophene by Corynebacterium sp. strain SY1

Strain SY1, identified as a Corynebacterium sp. , was isolated on the basis of the ability to utilize dibenzothiophene (DBT) as a sole source of sulfur. Strain SY1 could utilize a wide range of organic and inorganic sulfur compounds, such as DBT sulfone, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl sulfone, CS2, FeS2, and even elemental sulfur. Strain SY1 metabolized DBT to dibenzothiophene-5-oxide, DBT sulfone, and 2-hydroxybiphenyl, which was subsequently nitrated to produce at least two different hydroxynitrobiphenyls during cultivation. These metabolites were separated by silica gel column chromatography and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance, UV, and mass spectral techniques. Resting cells of SY1 desulfurized toluenesulfonic acid and released sulfite anion. On the basis of these results, a new DBT degradation pathway is proposed.
Functional Evolution of cis-Regulatory Modules at a Homeotic Gene in Drosophila

It is a long-held belief in evolutionary biology that the rate of molecular evolution for a given DNA sequence is inversely related to the level of functional constraint. This belief holds true for the protein-coding homeotic (Hox) genes originally discovered in Drosophila melanogaster. Expression of the Hox genes in Drosophila embryos is essential for body patterning and is controlled by an extensive array of cis-regulatory modules (CRMs). How the regulatory modules functionally evolve in different species is not clear. A comparison of the CRMs for the Abdominal-B gene from different Drosophila species reveals relatively low levels of overall sequence conservation. However, embryonic enhancer CRMs from other Drosophila species direct transgenic reporter gene expression in the same spatial and temporal patterns during development as their D. melanogaster orthologs. Bioinformatic analysis reveals the presence of short conserved sequences within defined CRMs, representing gap and pair-rule transcription factor binding sites. One predicted binding site for the gap transcription factor KRUPPEL in the IAB5 CRM was found to be altered in Superabdominal (Sab) mutations. In Sab mutant flies, the third abdominal segment is transformed into a copy of the fifth abdominal segment. A model for KRUPPEL-mediated repression at this binding site is presented. These findings challenge our current understanding of the relationship between sequence evolution at the molecular level and functional activity of a CRM. While the overall sequence conservation at Drosophila CRMs is not distinctive from neighboring genomic regions, functionally critical transcription factor binding sites within embryonic enhancer CRMs are highly conserved. These results have implications for understanding mechanisms of gene expression during embryonic development, enhancer function, and the molecular evolution of eukaryotic regulatory modules.
Replicating models of collective impact in developing countries. Does the model work in the context of the Brazilian Amazon?

The Collective Impact Initiative (CII) model is a framework designed to address complex social issues through collaborative efforts and emergent solutions. It emphasizes the interdependence of social problems and solutions and discourages predetermined approaches. The model is based on five fundamental principles that provide a coherent set of recommendations to guide collective impact initiatives: backbone organizations, a shared agenda, shared measurement systems, mutually reinforcing activities, and ongoing communication while CII has gained global recognition and increased academic research, its potential in different contexts, such as the Brazilian Amazon, remains uncertain due to varying societal configurations and traditional collaborative models. Critiques of the model highlight its lack of specificity for individual projects, with success depending on historical relationships, differing interests, and participants' perceptions. Some authors also argue that the model oversimplifies the options, focusing primarily on Isolated Impact or Collective Impact, neglecting other community types of coalitions with broader scopes. CII is also criticized for having a top-down approach and failing to prioritize community engagement and incorporate local knowledge. Translating the CII model from the global north to the worldwide south presents challenges, including issues related to institutional capacity, legal frameworks, and governance dynamics. Maintaining long-term collaboration and securing funding in developing countries can be particularly challenging. Despite these challenges, the model's potential for addressing complex social problems remains promising, but it requires careful consideration and adaptation when applied in new contexts, especially those with unique socioeconomic and cultural attributes.
IF1 Promotes Cellular Proliferation and Inhibits Oxidative Phosphorylation in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts under Normoxia and Hypoxia

ATP synthase inhibitory factor subunit 1 (IF1) is an inhibitory subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase, playing a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial respiration and energetics. It is well-established that IF1 interacts with the F1 sector of ATP synthase to inhibit the reversal rotation and, thus, ATP hydrolysis. Recent evidence supports that IF1 also inhibits forward rotation or the ATP synthesis activity. Adding to the complexity, IF1 may also facilitate mitophagy and cristae formation. The implications of these complex actions of IF1 for cellular function remain obscure. In the present study, we found that IF1 expression was markedly upregulated in hypoxic MEFs relative to normoxic MEFs. We investigate how IF1 affects cellular growth and function in cultured mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from mouse lines with systemic IF1 overexpression and knockout under normoxia and hypoxia. Cell survival and proliferation analyses revealed that IF1 overexpression exerted limited effects on cellular viability but substantially increased proliferation under normoxia, whereas it facilitated both cellular viability and proliferation under hypoxia. The absence of IF1 may have a pro-survival effect but not a proliferative one in both normoxia and hypoxia. Cellular bioenergetic analyses revealed that IF1 suppressed cellular respiration when subjected to normoxia and was even more pronounced when subjected to hypoxia with increased mitochondrial ATP production. In contrast, IF1 knockout MEFs showed markedly increased cellular respiration under both normoxia and hypoxia with little change in mitochondrial ATP. Glycolytic stress assay revealed that IF1 overexpression modestly increased glycolysis in normoxia and hypoxia. Interestingly, the absence of IF1 in MEFs led to substantial increases in glycolysis. Therefore, we conclude that IF1 mainly inhibits cellular respiration and enhances cellular glycolysis to preserve mitochondrial ATP. On the other hand, IF1 deletion can significantly facilitate cellular respiration and glycolysis without leading to mitochondrial ATP deficit.
Analyzing and measuring reusability in object-oriented design

In this paper, we present a technique to analyze and measure the reusability of object-oriented (OO) designs. The metrics can be incorporated into a design/development environment, so that reusability measurements, analysis, and improvements can be part of "business as usual" for an organization. Design reusability measurements also enable early identification of poor reuse potential, when it is still possible to modify/refine the design. The essential components of our approach are two reuse-specific characterizations of classes and hierarchies, and a set of metrics which objectively measures the dependencies among design components based on those reuse-specific characterizations.
Prevalence and Progression of Gingivitis in Domestic Cats in Subtropical Mexico

With the objective to characterize the gingival index (GI) and its progression, 218 domestic cats in a subtropical region of Mexico were studied. All teeth of each cat were examined with a periodontal probe to determine the GI; in addition, the absence of teeth was recorded. Six months later, the teeth of the 38 cats were again examined to assess any progression of the GI and loss of teeth. From the 218 cats, 33.0% of them develop some degree of gingival inflammation; from those, 61.5% were classified as GI 1. Age, sex, and neutered status were associated with tooth affections. Missed teeth were observed in 35% of the cats, particularly for molars 109 and 209 in both sexes. After six months, the number of teeth with GI 1 decreased to 20%. The gingival problems in cats have not been well studied, particularly at the speed they progress and how this can affect the loss of teeth; under the conditions of this study, a high frequency of gingival inflammation even at early age was demonstrated, with a rapid tooth loss. Although young males were more prone to develop gingivitis, females tend to loss more teeth. Non-neutered cats tended to develop more dental affections.
Studies of heart block with His bundle electrograms.

A total of 24 patients with heart block revealed by scalar electrocardiography was studied using the His bundle electrogram. Four groups of disturbed conduction are described which include various types of heart block, partial and complete, at different sites, single and multiple, in the specialized conducting system. These are (i) intra-atrial block with delayed or blocked internodal conduction, (2) atrioventricular nodal block due to delayed or blocked conduction in the A V node, (3) His-Purkinje-system block due to delayed or blocked conduction in the fibres of the His-Purkinje-system, (4) multiple site A V block due to disturbances of conduction in the A V node and His-Purkinje-system in combination. His-Purkinje-system block is characterized by associated intraventricular block, and its relation to bilateral bundle-branch block and trifascicular block is discussed. In some instances concealed conduction disturbance, both anterograde and retrograde, is revealed by the His bundle electrogram, including facilitation of conduction in the main bundle of His. The His bundle electrogram defines more clearly the nature and extent of disturbed conduction and it may contribute to the choice of treatment, either by drugs or by artificial pacing, temporary or permanent.
TPACK Capability Analysis Students of Biology Education Study Program on Animal Physiology Learning with Online Learning Models

The aim of education in Indonesia is to educate the life of the nation. In an effort to realize the goals of Indonesian education, a teacher as an educator must understand and have Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) skills, especially during the Covid 19 pandemic which requires learning to be done online. One of the subjects that develops TPACK abilities is Animal Physiology at the Department of Biology, Semarang State University. The purpose of this study: 1) Knowing the process of implementing Online Learning which is carried out in Animal Physiology lessons can improve the TPACK abilities of Biology Education study program students. 2) Knowing the TPACK ability level of Biology Education study program students after participating in Online Learning Animal Physiology. This research is a mixed method research with an explanatory sequential design. Selection of the sample by purposeful sampling. The research population is all students majoring in Biology class of 2019. The research sample is students of the Biology Education Study Program Classes B and C who are taking the Even Semester Animal Physiology course in the 2020/2021 academic year. The results showed that learning Animal Physiology online by using project assignments can foster TPACK abilities in Biology Education study program students. TPACK's capabilities can be seen and observed from the initial online learning meeting activities to the completion of project assignments.
Rate enhancement of BICM-OFDM with adaptive coding and modulation via a bisection approach

Adaptive communication is an important topic to enhance the capabilities of future communication systems. Especially in combination with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (ODFM) bit and power loading schemes have been devised to enhance the transmit rate of communication systems. The consideration of channel coding in the optimization is an obvious requirement. In the past, though, mainly uncoded systems have been investigated allowing for further enhancements. In this paper we propose a new scheme to adapt code rate and modulation by solving the convex optimization problem based on a bisection approach in order to maximize the achievable data rate at a fixed target error rate.