Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LocOMP: algorithme localement orthogonal pour l'approximation parcimonieuse rapide de signaux longs sur des dictionnaires locaux

Cet article presente LocOMP, un algorithme d'approximation parcimonieuse rapide pour les dictionnaires locaux (en particulier, les dictionnaires invariants par translation comme les dictionnaires temps-frequence). Experimentalement, LocOMP fournit des approximations aussi bonnes qu'OMP tout en restant dans la meme classe de complexite que MP. C'est a notre connaissance le premier algorithme plus evolue que MP utilisable sur des signaux longs. LocOMP s'est montre experimentalement 500 fois plus rapide qu'OMP.
A Novel Morphological Model of Trabecular Bone Based on the Gyroid

Human trabecular bone is known to be structurally very complex. The geometrical distribution of trabecular bone has major effects on its ability to perform its physiological function of load-bearing efficiently. Idealized unit cell models are very helpful in understanding the significance of micro-level properties on macro-level behavior. There is a need for a simple method to model trabecular bone, such that micro-level phenomena (like buckling) can be studied. We investigate a new model for trabecular bone, based on a minimal surface solid called a gyroid. The gyroid-based model is computationally easy to implement, and generates structures that possess strong morphometric and mechanical resemblance to real trabecular bone. We generated gyroid models for a range of volume fractions, representing trabecular bone samples obtained from various anatomic sites and ages. Finite element analysis was performed to obtain the mechanical properties of the gyroid structures. We calculated the small-strain elastic moduli values for each of the gyroid models and plotted these against corresponding apparent density. A power-law relationship was obtained for the gyroid models, in accordance with published studies on real trabecular bone mechanical behavior. The results showed that the gyroid could provide a suitable model for studying the effects of variations in trabecular structure on macro-level bone behavior.
iPTF13ehe in the context of Quark-Novae in massive binaries: double-humped, hydrogen-poor, superluminous Supernovae as standard candles

A Quark-Nova (QN; the explosive transition of a Neutron star to a Quark star) occurring in the second common envelope (CE) phase of a massive binary, as described in Ouyed et al. (2015ab this yields the first hump in our model. The subsequent merging of the quark star with the CO core leads to black hole formation and accretion explaining the second long-lasting hump in our model, while the collision of the QN-ejected He-rich CE with the H-rich (i.e. first) CE accounts for late emission. Here we show that our model provides an excellent fit to the recently discovered SN iPTF13ehe including the late-time lightcurve and provides an explanation for the related broad H_alpha emission. We show that LSQ14bdq and iPTF13ehe are very similar in nature and can be fit with nearly the same parameters. Because of the QN imprint (the first hump in the lightcurves), double-humped hydrogen-poor, SLSNe can potentially be used as standard candles.
Performance Indicators for Business Models

Organizations need to evaluate new and existing business models to innovate their business logic and remain competitive. One way to carry out this evaluation is through business model performance indicators. Performance indicators for business models can support organizations in quantifying their business model objectives, monitoring business model performance during and after implementation, and benchmarking their business model against competitors. However, the current literature lacks a complete picture of performance indicators that can be used to evaluate business models and monitor their performance. Therefore, we conducted a semi-systematic literature review to analyze which performance indicators are referred to in the academic literature related to business models. We provide an overview of the current state of research on this topic and discuss possible directions for further research.
Timing of the gray whale southbound migration

The southbound migration of the eastern North Pacific stock of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) has been documented by the National Marine Fisheries Service most seasons since 1967 at or near Granite Canyon, in central California, and by the American Cetacean Society’s Los Angeles Chapter every season since 1985 at Point Vicente, southern California. This has provided a rare opportunity to examine cetacean migratory timing data over a relatively long time series. In 1998/99, anecdotal reports indicated a major change had occurred in the timing of the migration, which prompted this study to compare the observed timing relative to expected dates. Although no observers were at Granite Canyon in 1998/99, data collected from this site indicated that prior to 1980, annual median sighting dates ranged from 4-13 January (overall median = 8 January; CI = 1.3), but since then there has been a one-week (6.8 day; CI = 2.0) delay, with median dates now ranging from 12-18 January (overall median = 15 January; CI = 1.7). This delay in timing is better represented as a shift in dates than as a trend, and it occurred shortly after a major oceanographic regime shift in the North Pacific Ocean. The shift in whale sighting dates occurred equally in the onset of the migrations (when the first 10% of the whales passed a site), the median (50%) and end (when 90% of the whales passed). At Granite Canyon, there were no significant trends in these dates prior to 1980 or in dates following the shift. In mid-February (median = 15 February, CI = 1.9, at Point Vicente), few gray whales are still going south and some are already migrating north. Most of the migration (the period between the 10% and 90% sighting dates) occurs across a period of 34 days (CI = 2.0), but the entire southbound migration may take > 70 days to pass a location in any given year. It takes a whale approximately 54 days to migrate from the north central Bering Sea to the lagoons in Baja California (8,000km), but some whales may travel as far as 10,000km. Based on available observations and calculations using a travel rate of 147km/day, current median (peak) sighting dates of the southbound migration should be: 1 December in the north central Bering Sea (here considered the theoretical starting point for the migration); 12 December at Unimak Pass, Alaska; 18 December for Kodiak Island, Alaska; 5 January for Washington State; 7 January for Oregon; 15 January for central California; 18 January in southern California; and 24 January at the northern lagoons in Baja California (considered here to be the terminus of the migration). Although no observations were made at Granite Canyon in 1998/99, sightings made at Yaquina Head, Oregon (median sighting date = 7 January) and at Point Vicente (median = 20 January) indicate that the timing of that migration was consistent with previous years.
Regulation of Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening by Monovalent Cations in Liver Mitochondria

The opening of the permeability transition pore (PTP) in mitochondria is a key event in the initiation of cell death in various pathologic states, including ischemia/reperfusion. The activation of K+ transport into mitochondria protects cells from ischemia/reperfusion. However, the role of K+ transport in PTP regulation is unclear. Here, we studied the role of K+ and other monovalent cations in the regulation of the PTP opening in an in vitro model. The registration of the PTP opening, membrane potential, Ca2+-retention capacity, matrix pH, and K+ transport was performed using standard spectral and electrode techniques. We found that the presence of all cations tested in the medium (K+, Na+, choline+, and Li+) strongly stimulated the PTP opening compared with sucrose. Several possible reasons for this were examined: the effect of ionic strength, the influx of cations through selective and non-selective channels and exchangers, the suppression of Ca2+/H+ exchange, and the influx of anions. The data obtained indicate that the mechanism of PTP stimulation by cations includes the suppression of K+/H+ exchange and acidification of the matrix, which facilitates the influx of phosphate. Thus, the K+/H+ exchanger and the phosphate carrier together with selective K+ channels compose a PTP regulatory triad, which might operate in vivo.
Modular Voltage Equalizer Circuit With AC-Bus Inter-Modules Connection

A modular multilayer voltage equalizer with a distributed controller is proposed to equalize the voltage of series-connected energy storage cells. In the cell-level equalizer, every two cells are connected in series through a module, and in the module-level equalizer, all modules are connected through the ac bus established with the transformer’s secondary side windings. As the module-level equalizer topology is an ac fully coupled structure, based on the proposed controller method, all cells can transfer or receive energy in a switching cycle simultaneously. The implemented distributed controller requires only one voltage sensor per two cells, and each module benefits from using only one switch without the need for current feedback. Therefore, this method has fewer components than the existing methods with similar features and prevents increasing component rates, as the number of battery cells increases. The proposed circuit is comprehensively analyzed, and its feasibility is verified by experimental results.
Development of a roll-to-roll high-speed laser micro processing machine for preparing through-holed anodes and cathodes of lithium-ion batteries

Aiming to improve the battery performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), modification of the cathodes and anodes of LIBs using laser beams to prepare through-holes, non-through-holes or ditches arranged in grid and line patterns has been proposed by many researchers and engineers. In this study, a laser processing system attached to rollers, which realizes this modification without large changes in the present mass-production system, was developed. The laser system apparatus comprises roll-to-roll equipment and laser equipment. The roll-to-roll equipment mainly consists of a hollow cylinder with openings on its circumferential surface. Cathode and anode electrodes for LIBs are wound around the cylinder in the longitudinal direction of the electrodes. A pulsed beam reflected from the central axis of the cylinder can continuously open a large number of through-holes in the thin electrodes. Through-holes were formed at a rate of 100 000 holes per second on lithium iron phosphate cathodes and graphite anodes with this system. The through-holed cathodes and anodes prepared with this system exhibited higher C-rate performance than nontreated cathodes and anodes.
Stabilization of a hypersonic boundary layer using a felt-metal porous coating

An error in the complex representation of the porous-coating model used in the study by Fedorov et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 479, 2003, pp. 99–124), investigating the stabilization effect of ultrasonically absorptive coatings on hypersonic boundary layers, is pointed out and corrected. This error has been acknowledged by Fedorov et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 769, 2015, pp. 725–728). The corrected version of the erroneous linear stability results of the original work is presented and previously made conclusions are reassessed. The novel numerical results indicate that second-mode instabilities are shifted to lower frequencies on felt-metal porous coatings, similar to the behaviour observed on porous coatings with regular microstructure.
Genomic Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Urban Settings in Senegal

We used whole genome sequencing to identify and analyze mutations in SARS-CoV-2 in urban settings during the deadliest wave of the COVID-19 epidemic—from March to April 2021—in Senegal. Nasopharyngeal samples testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 were sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 sequencing system using the COVIDSeq protocol. A total of 291 genotypable consensus genome sequences were obtained. Phylogenetic analyses grouped the genomes into 16 distinct PANGOLIN lineages. The major lineage was B.1. 1.420, despite circulation of the Alpha variant of concern (VOC). A total of 1125 different SNPs, identified relative to the Wuhan reference genome, were detected. These included 13 SNPs in non-coding regions. An average density of 37.2 SNPs per 1000 nucleotides was found, with the highest density occurring in ORF10. This analysis allowed, for the first time, the detection of a Senegalese SARS-CoV-2 strain belonging to the P.1. 14 (GR/20J, Gamma V3) sublineage of the Brazilian P.1 lineage (or Gamma VOC). Overall, our results highlight substantial SARS-CoV-2 diversification in Senegal during the study period.
Linear unconditional energy‐stable splitting schemes for a phase‐field model for nematic–isotropic flows with anchoring effects

Two‐phase flows composed of fluids exhibiting different microscopic structure are an important class of engineering materials. The dynamics of these flows are determined by the coupling among three different length scales: microscopic inside each component, mesoscopic interfacial morphology, and macroscopic hydrodynamics. Moreover, in the case of complex fluids composed by the mixture between isotropic (Newtonian fluid) and nematic (liquid crystal) flows, its interfaces exhibit novel dynamics due to anchoring effects of the liquid crystal molecules on the interface.
Bianchi type i cosmological model with varying G, Λ & σ2 in VSL theory

Abstract In this paper we study the Bianchi type I cosmological model in the framework of variable speed of light (VSL) theory. The cosmological field equations are solved for variable G，c and Λ coupled with shear parameter σ2. It is shown for the large value of t the resulting model reduces to FLRW model with Λ approaches to constant. We also derived exact expressions for the look back time, proper distance, luminosity distance and angular diameter distance versus redshift in the framework of VSL theory as already discussed by Khadekar and Kamdi [Int. Jour. Theo. Phys. 48 314% (2009)] in different context.
Semi-supervised echo state network with partial correlation pruning for time-series variables prediction in industrial processes

For an ordinary echo state network (ESN), redundant information in the huge reservoir will lead to degradation of the prediction performance of the network, especially when the labels of the samples are limited. To solve this problem, a semi-supervised ESN with partial correlation pruning (PCP-S2ESN) is proposed in this paper to scientifically capture the essential association between two reservoir variables while controlling for the influence of other factors. In this way, redundant neurons and their connection weights in the reservoir are eliminated, so that the prediction accuracy is significantly enhanced by optimizing the network structure. Moreover, an unsupervised pre-training procedure is introduced to modify the input weight matrix and reservoir connection weight matrix of the ESN, which successfully achieves precise prediction of time-series variables with limited labels. The superiority of the PCP-S2ESN model is demonstrated through two benchmark prediction tasks and the fed-batch penicillin cultivation process.
Aberrant DNA Methylation, Expression, and Occurrence of Transcript Variants of the ABC Transporter ABCA7 in Breast Cancer

The ABC transporter ABCA7 has been found to be aberrantly expressed in a variety of cancer types, including breast cancer. We searched for specific epigenetic and genetic alterations and alternative splicing variants of ABCA7 in breast cancer and investigated whether these alterations are associated with ABCA7 expression. By analyzing tumor tissues from breast cancer patients, we found CpGs at the exon 5–intron 5 boundary aberrantly methylated in a molecular subtype-specific manner. The detection of altered DNA methylation in tumor-adjacent tissues suggests epigenetic field cancerization. In breast cancer cell lines, DNA methylation levels of CpGs in promoter-exon 1, intron 1, and at the exon 5–intron 5 boundary were not correlated with ABCA7 mRNA levels. By qPCR involving intron-specific and intron-flanking primers, we identified intron-containing ABCA7 mRNA transcripts. The occurrence of intron-containing transcripts was neither molecular subtype-specific nor directly correlated with DNA methylation at the respective exon–intron boundaries. Treatment of breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, BT-474, SK-BR3, and MDA-MB-231 with doxorubicin or paclitaxel for 72 h resulted in altered ABCA7 intron levels. Shotgun proteomics revealed that an increase in intron-containing transcripts was associated with significant dysregulation of splicing factors linked to alternative splicing.
Phytochemical Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Investigation on Cotton and Wool Textiles

The use of bio-based reagents for silver nanoparticle (AgNP) production has gained much attention among researchers as it has paved the way for environmentally friendly approaches at low cost for synthesizing nanomaterials while maintaining their properties. In this study, Stellaria media aqueous extract was used for silver nanoparticle phyto-synthesis, and the resulting treatment was applied to textile fabrics to test its antimicrobial properties against bacteria and fungi strains. The chromatic effect was also established by determining the L*a*b* parameters. For optimizing the synthesis, different ratios of extract to silver precursor were tested using UV-Vis spectroscopy to observe the SPR-specific band. Moreover, the AgNP dispersions were tested for their antioxidant properties using chemiluminescence and TEAC methods, and the phenolic content was evaluated by the Folin-Ciocâlteu method. For the optimal ratio, values of average size, 50.11 ± 3.25 nm, zeta potential, −27.10 ± 2.16 mV, and polydispersity index, 0.209, were obtained via the DLS technique and zeta potential measurements. AgNPs were further characterized by EDX and XRD techniques to confirm their formation and by microscopic techniques to evaluate their morphology. TEM measurements revealed cvasi-spherical particles with sizes in the range of 10–30 nm, while SEM images confirmed their uniform distribution on the textile fiber surface.
Multispectral Image Matching Technique

In this paper, we present a method for matching corner points in un-calibrated wide-baseline images. The images used in our study are both in the visible and Near Infra Red (NIR) spectrums. The algorithm starts by detecting corner points and for each point a vector based on first order derivatives is constructed. We show that adding the NIR images can improve the matching process. The main contribution of this paper is that we present an invariant vector to match wide-baseline multispectral images.
A predicative study of loosening zones around roadways with least square support vector machines method with optimized parameters

Least square vector machines had the quickly solving speed and the excellent characteristics to describe the little samples,nonlinear and high dimensions problem. But the regression accuracy and generalization performance of this method depend on a proper setting of its parameters. So,an optimal selection approach of LSSVM was presented based on particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm. Then,the prediction on the thickness of the loosen zone around roadway is made by PSO-LSSVM model,and the results show that this model has the characteristic of quickly convergence speed and highly calculating precision . So,this model is reasonable and feasible.
A note on a hierarchical interpretation for negative variance components

A lot has been said about the relationship between hierarchical models, such as linear mixed-effects models, and the marginal models they imply. Generally, there is a many-to-one map of hierarchical models onto a given marginal model. Additionally, in some cases, no obvious hierarchical model leads to a given marginal model. For example, it is commonly known that the random-intercepts model produces, marginally, a compound-symmetry model with non-negative intraclass correlation, whereas, on the other hand, a compound-symmetry model with negative intraclass correlation is not induced by a conventional random-intercepts model. We show here that it is still possible, and even intuitively appealing, to formulate hierarchical models inducing structure such as negative compound-symmetry correlation. Thus, the aim of this note is to further clarify the relationship between hierarchical and marginal models, enhancing appeal and establishing symmetry of the concepts. Consequences for interpretation and sensitivity analysis are discussed. The ideas are illustrated in three sets of data.
Homomorphic transform based BSS algorithm for multiplicative noise reduction

In order to remove multiplicative noise in observation a new method for multiplicative noise reduction based on homomorphic transform and blind source separation(BSS) was proposed,using redundancy reduction of independent component analysis(ICA). Original observation with multiplicative noise was first transformed by the new method into one with additive noise by means of homomorphic transform,i.e.a logistic operation.And,virtually noisy component was incorporated into the transformed observation,so that a multi-dimensional observation vector was constructed.Then,blind source separation(BSS) was applied to extract independent components from the extended observation vector,according to principle of maximizing statistical independence between estimated components,which was formulated by cumulates higher than second-order.Finally,the subsequent processing combining an exponential transform with an output revise was used to restore the true signal.Thus,the multiplicative noise embedded in observation was removed. Experiment with synthetic vibration data verified that the proposed method could remove multiplicative component in noisy observation effectively.Compared with some traditional techniques such as homomorphic filter etc.,it is not only simple and efficient but also very easy to be extended and used for noise reduction in multi-dimensional observation.
Atomic Schrödinger cat states

We consider a physical process that leads to the generation of atomic Schr\"odinger cat states for a system of two level atoms. The effective interaction between atoms in a dispersive cavity leads to the superposition of atomic coherent states. We study in detail the quasidistributions for these states and demonstrate how the Schr\"odinger cat states can lead to interesting interferences over the surface of a sphere.