Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BcWRKY22 Activates BcCAT2 to Enhance Catalase (CAT) Activity and Reduce Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) Accumulation, Promoting Thermotolerance in Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis)

WRKY transcription factors (TFs) participate in plant defense mechanisms against biological and abiotic stresses. However, their regulatory role in heat resistance is still unclear in non-heading Chinese cabbage. Here, we identified the WRKY-IIe gene BcWRKY22(BraC09g001080.1), which is activated under high temperatures and plays an active role in regulating thermal stability, through transcriptome analysis. We further discovered that the BcWRKY22 protein is located in the nucleus and demonstrates transactivation activity in both the yeast and plant. Additionally, our studies showed that the transient overexpression of BcWRKY22 in non-heading Chinese cabbage activates the expression of catalase 2 (BcCAT2), enhances CAT enzyme activity, and reduces Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) accumulation under heat stress conditions. In addition, compared to its wild-type (WT) counterparts, Arabidopsis thaliana heterologously overexpresses BcWRKY22, improving thermotolerance. When the BcWRKY22 transgenic root was obtained, under heat stress, the accumulation of H2O2 was reduced, while the expression of catalase 2 (BcCAT2) was upregulated, thereby enhancing CAT enzyme activity. Further analysis revealed that BcWRKY22 directly activates the expression of BcCAT2 (BraC08g016240.1) by binding to the W-box element distributed within the promoter region of BcCAT2. Collectively, our findings suggest that BcWRKY22 may serve as a novel regulator of the heat stress response in non-heading Chinese cabbage, actively contributing to the establishment of thermal tolerance by upregulating catalase (CAT) activity and downregulating H2O2 accumulation via BcCAT2 expression.
Antimicrobial Properties and Assessment of the Content of Bioactive Compounds Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Cultivated in Southern Poland

Lavender is a valued plant due to its cosmetic, perfumery, culinary, and health benefits. A wide range of applications is related to the composition of bioactive compounds, the quantity and quality of which is determined by various internal and external factors, i.e., variety, morphological part of the plant, and climatic and soil conditions during vegetation. In the presented work, the characterization of antimicrobial properties as well as the qualitative and quantitative assessment of bioactive compounds in the form of polyphenols in ethanol extracts from leaves and flowers of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. intended for border hedges, cultivated in the region of southern Poland, were determined. The composition of the fraction of volatile substances and antioxidant properties were also assessed. The conducted research shows that extracts from leaves and flowers significantly affected the viability of bacterial cells and the development of mold fungi. A clear decrease in the viability of bacteria and C. albicans cells was shown in the concentration of 0.32% of extracts. Leaf extracts were characterized by a much higher content of polyphenols and antioxidant properties than flower extracts. The composition of volatiles measured by GC-MS was significantly different between the extracts. Linalyl acetate and ocimene isomers mix dominated in flower extracts, whereas coumarin, γ-cadinene, and 7-methoxycoumarin were identified as dominant in leaf extracts.
Body composition, energy expenditure and caloric intake among breast cancer patients at a teaching hospital in Nigeria—a cross sectional study

Objective This cross-sectional study was conducted on the associations between body composition, energy expenditure and caloric intake among 45 Nigerian breast cancer patients. Methods Forty-five Nigerian breast cancer patients were measured and analysed for their body composition, energy expenditure and caloric intake. Statistical analyses included a chi-square test, Student’s t-test, paired t-test, Spearman correlation and linear regression using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 23.0. Results The body fat indices (body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), and body fats percentage) show that more than 50% of breast cancer patients were either overweight or obese. The Spearman correlation showed that fat-free mass (FFM) was the most strongly correlated with energy expenditure (r = 0.84). BMI and (FMI – fat mass in relation to height) were significantly correlated with the Harris–Benedict equation for energy expenditure (p < 0.001; p = 0.002), but they were not correlated significantly with the Karnofsky performance status. A paired t-test showed that caloric intake was significantly higher than total energy expenditure (p < 0.001). FFM was the best predictor of resting energy expenditure (REE). Conclusion In conclusion, FFM remains the best predictor of REE. High body mass and high caloric intake indicate the need for support from nutritional programmes.
Association between wine consumption and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Alcohol consumption is related to the risk of developing different types of cancer. However, unlike other alcoholic beverages, moderate wine drinking has demonstrated a protective effect on the risk of developing several types of cancer. Objective To analyze the association between wine consumption and the risk of developing cancer. Methods We searched the MEDLINE (through PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled relative risks (RRs) were calculated using the DerSimonian and Laird methods. I2 was used to evaluate inconsistency, the τ2 test was used to assess heterogeneity, and The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale were applied to evaluate the risk of bias. This study was previously registered in PROSPERO, with the registration number CRD42022315864. Results Seventy-three studies were included in the systematic review, and 26 were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled RR for the effect of wine consumption on the risk of gynecological cancers was 1.03 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.08), that for colorectal cancer was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.82, 1.03), and that for renal cancer was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.04). In general, the heterogeneity was substantial. Conclusion The study findings reveal no association between wine consumption and the risk of developing any type of cancer. Moreover, wine drinking demonstrated a protective trend regarding the risk of developing pancreatic, skin, lung, and brain cancer as well as cancer in general. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? ID=CRD42022315864, identifier CRD42022315864 (PROSPERO).
A Novel Single and Multiple Switch Fault-Tolerant Multilevel Inverter Topology With Reduced Device Count

This paper describes a Fault-Tolerant (FT) multilevel inverter (MLI) that can continue to operate even when an open switch fault (OSF) occurs in one or more power switches for PV applications. More power switches in dc-ac converters were used to achieve higher voltage quality, raising the probability of failure. This is one of the major challenges associated with the widespread use of MLI in a wide variety of industrial settings. Concurrently, the best accuracy in the output voltage can be achieved by reduced device count multilevel inverters (RDC-MLIs) at the expense of critical characteristics (such as fault-tolerant capability, charge balancing management, etc.). Reliable switching modes have been given top attention in terms of MLIs' ability to operate in fault-tolerant conditions.
Energy loss and constitutive equation of soft magnetic materials for broadband applications in power electronics

Soft magnetic materials find applications in power electronics as cores of passive components, such as transformers and inductors. In these components, it is necessary to balance efficiency, volume, and operating temperature. New design methodologies use advanced magnetic modelling of the magnetic cores and the optimization of their properties. Therefore, one key area of research is the development of new methods for predicting iron loss under non-sinusoidal and DC-biased conditions and high frequencies. This approach includes loss decomposition theory to model soft ferrites and amorphous/nanocrystalline ribbons.
Preparation and Characterization of Slow-Release Zinc and Iron Fertilizer Encapsulated by Palm Stearin

Using granular form application in the pisciponic system, this study investigates the effects of supplementation in the pisciponic system on plant growth performance. This study was conducted at the Aquaculture Experimental Station in Puchong, Selangor. The experiment was set up in a greenhouse with a plastic liner at the bottom. The coated fertilizers were immersed in 500 mL of distilled water in the beakers. The immersion times were analyzed for each 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, and 72 hours. Insoluble solids and water were then filtered using filter paper and dried in the oven, followed by the drying process to obtain a constant weight before being put in the desiccators. During the release test, the distilled water was taken at every 48-hour interval, and the concentration of nutrients was determined from the atomic absorption spectrometer. The findings indicate that the weights of release fertilizers, specifically Zn and Fe, significantly decreased over time. At the lowest concentration, the coated zinc and iron weights decreased as time increased. Referring to the curve results, the Zn fertilizer started drastically decreasing its weight at hour 24, which decreased approximately to 0.002 for every subsequent hour. Meanwhile, Fe fertilizer decreased drastically at hour 66, where the weight dropped from 0.10467 to 0.039. However, the final weights for both fertilizers at hour 72 were about the same.
Femtosecond Inscription of a Spectral Array of Seven Fiber Bragg Gratings at the Same Spot Using a Single Uniform Phase-Mask

Femtosecond induced refractive index changes in transparent materials have been widely explored in the past twenty-five years. Many devices and applications such as fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), waveguides, couplers, and filters have been presented using fs inscriptions [1]. During this period, fs inscriptions of FBGs have been widely explored, and grating inscriptions in different types of fibers have been demonstrated. Today, there are mainly two different approaches for inscribing FBGs with a fs laser. First, there are the point-by-point (PbP) [2], the line-by-line (LbL) [3], and the (PlbPl) [4] techniques in which grating planes are formed one by one. These techniques offer high flexibly in grating inscription, particularly regarding the choice of the Bragg wavelength and the grating profile. However, the inscription system is very demanding with regard to both optical and mechanical accuracy aspects. Second, there is the phase-mask (PM) technique, where the whole grating length is inscribed at once with a PM and a focusing cylindrical lens [5]. Grating inscription using a PM is a simpler and more robust technique, yet less flexible because the Bragg wavelength is pre-determined by the PM period. Fortunately, tuning the Bragg wavelength has been demonstrated by introducing defocusing and aberrations to the fs inscription beam [6]–[8].
Wide area Monitoring and Protection in Cyber Physical Infrastructure

In Smart Grid (SG), wide area monitoring system (WAMS) is most significant advance application to make system reliable and observable. By integration of information and the communication technologies (ICT) gates are open to numerous cyber vulnerabilities in cyber physical system (CPS). WAMS have critical infrastructure consisting of phasor measuring unit (PMU), human machine interface (HMI), phasor data concentrator(PDC) and advance measuring infrastructure (AMI). WAMS have complex communication architecture consisting of private and public networks such as local area network (LAN), field area network (FAN) and wide area network (WAN) etc. Cyber-attack on communication can hamper bi-direction flow of communication, national security deficit. Large scale consumer data can be manipulated if attacks are carried out on Confidentiality, integrity and availability (CIA triads). This paper deals with various threats and its security on WAMS and communication system. This paper present systematic review of different detection techniques and security assessment in cyber physical infrastructure.
Causal relationships between CD25 on immune cells and hip osteoarthritis

Objectives Previous research has indicated a potential association between immune factors and osteoarthritis (OA), but the causal relationship between CD25 expression on immune cells and hip OA remains enigmatic. To shed light on this relationship, this study utilized the two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) method. Methods Leveraging genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data from the UK Biobank and arcOGEN, the investigation encompasses a substantial European cohort comprising 15,704 hip OA cases and 378,169 controls. Genetic insights into CD25 stem from a subgroup of 3,757 individuals with European ancestry, encompassing 77 CD25-related traits. Several MR methods were applied, and robustness was assessed through heterogeneity and sensitivity analysis. Results Among the 77 traits examined, 66 shared the same single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with hip OA. Of these, 7 CD25-related traits were found to be causally associated with hip OA (adjusted P><0.05), with F-statistics ranging from 33 to 122. These traits are specifically related to CD4+CD25+ T cells, exhibiting odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) less than 1. Notably, no causal link was discerned with the CD8+CD25+ T cell subset. Within absolute count (AC) and relative count (RC) trait types, a significant causal relationship was observed solely between CD4+CD25+ T cells and hip OA, without subtype localization. A more intricate examination of CD25 expression levels within the CD4+CD25+ T cell subset revealed a correlation with the CD39+ regulatory T (Treg) subset and hip OA, particularly within the CD39+ activated Treg subset. Furthermore, a notable causal relationship emerged between CD25 expression levels in the CD45RA- not Treg subset and hip OA. However, no significant causal link was established with any subsets of B cells. Conclusion The genetic prediction suggests that CD25, particularly within the realm of CD4+CD25+ T cells, may exert a protective influence against the development of hip OA. These findings provide a novel therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of hip OA.
A Drift Voidance Perturb & Observe MPPT Algorithm in Photovoltaic Systems

Due to the electricity demand increased in daily life and environmental impact is taken into consideration the non-conventional energy resources are coming into exists. Photovoltaic (PV) system is one of the non-conventional energy resources for power generation. The Drift voiding MPPT technique of Perturb & Observe (P&O) with Dual Active Bridge Converter Simulations presented in this research study. Its effectiveness is determined by Maximum PowerPoint Tracking. The Drift voiding Perturb & Observe algorithm uses a direct control method. The PV simulation was performed for various exposure levels, and the results are present from the simulation.
Design and Development of Bridge-less PFC Converter based EV charger

Electric vehicles (EVs) plays an important role in reducing the impact of the transportation sector on environmental pollution issues. Among EVs, Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) are in prominent use. When the battery chargers of these BEVs are connected to the grid to charge the batteries, they must have high efficiency with unity power factor operation (UPF) to improve the charging time and life of the battery without affecting the grid power quality. Hence, a high-performance Power Factor Correction (PFC) converter must be used at the front end of the charger to meet the input current harmonic limits set by international standards. In this paper, a bridge-less modified Cuk-based EV charger is presented. The main advantages of this charger are reduced input current harmonics, lower output voltage ripple, decreased component size, and lesser voltage stress on switches. This off-board EV charger has two stages including a front-end PFC converter and back-end isolated stage. This topology reduces THD of the overall system and also ensures the unity power factor operation. The designed converter is modeled and its performance is validated using MATLAB/Simulink. The result analysis shows that the system operates at UPF with an input current THD of 2.23%.
Topological spin memory of antiferromagnetically coupled skyrmions

I will discuss our recent discovery of a spin memory effect that stems from the topology of antiferromagnetically coupled skyrmion pairs in [Co/Gd/Pt]10 multilayered films (Wang et al., 2022). Photoemission electron microscopy imaging shows that these bubble skyrmions that are stable at room temperature evolve into complex in-plane spin textures as the temperature is lowered and reform completely when the sample is warmed back up. Micromagnetic simulations reveal that the topological charge is preserved throughout the spin reorientation transition (SRT) and furthermore demonstrate the key role that the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interactions play in this topological spin memory effect.
Multi-omics Characterization of Response to PD-1 Inhibitors in Advanced Melanoma

Simple Summary The survival of advanced melanoma patients has been improved in recent years due to immunotherapy. However, not all patients respond to this treatment. For this reason, it is necessary to know the mechanisms of the response and resistance to immunotherapy. In this work, clinical samples from advanced melanoma patients treated with immunotherapy were analyzed. The obtained results suggested that the proteins involved in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and antigen presentation, as well as the immune and inflammatory responses, play a role in the response to immunotherapy. Additionally, we built a prognostic signature capable of identifying those patients that will respond to immunotherapy. The study of the mechanisms of the resistance and response to immunotherapy could help in the definition of new therapies for these patients that do not respond to immunotherapy. Abstract Immunotherapy improves the survival of patients with advanced melanoma, 40% of whom become long-term responders. However, not all patients respond to immunotherapy. Further knowledge of the processes involved in the response and resistance to immunotherapy is still needed. In this study, clinical paraffin samples from fifty-two advanced melanoma patients treated with anti-PD-1 inhibitors were assessed via high-throughput proteomics and RNA-seq. The obtained proteomics and transcriptomics data were analyzed using multi-omics network analyses based on probabilistic graphical models to identify those biological processes involved in the response to immunotherapy. Additionally, proteins related to overall survival were studied. The activity of the node formed by the proteins involved in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and antigen presentation machinery was higher in responders compared to non-responders; the activity of the immune and inflammatory response node was also higher in those with complete or partial responses. A predictor for overall survival based on two proteins (AMBP and PDSM5) was defined. In summary, the response to anti-PD-1 therapy in advanced melanoma is related to protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and also to genes involved in the immune and inflammatory responses. Finally, a two-protein predictor can define survival in advanced disease. The molecular characterization of the mechanisms involved in the response and resistance to immunotherapy in melanoma leads the way to establishing therapeutic alternatives for patients who will not respond to this treatment.
Well-being predictors of body composition and associated behavioral risk factors in midlife/older women participating in a meditative movement intervention: an exploratory analysis

Abstract Introduction: Greater than 40% of women are obese, a key risk factor for cardiometabolic, neurocognitive disease, mood disorders, and certain cancers. Obesity and unfavorable body composition can compromise physical and psychological health and well-being. Preliminary evidence demonstrates Meditative Movement (i.e., Tai Chi Easy) improves health outcomes and body composition among midlife/older women. This single-group pilot study explored relationships between well-being predictors related to body composition and associated behavioral risk factors in midlife/older women pre-to-post Tai Chi Easy intervention. Methods: Eligible women 45–75 years old, participated in once-weekly 30-minute Tai Chi Easy classes over 8-weeks. Pre/post-intervention data included self-report surveys and on-site body composition. Multivariate linear regression models were fitted with putative predictor variables having correlations p-values of 0.20 or less with sleep quality and eating behaviors. Results: Participants (N = 36) (M age = 53.7) were White (80.4%) and attended ≥ 4 years of college (70.6%). Analyses resulted in one independent variable per model as a predictor of the dependent variables of sleep quality and emotional eating. Results indicated: (1) stress explained 13.4% sleep quality variance (F (2, 20) = 2.71, p = 0.09) and (2) self-compassion explained 42.1% emotional eating variance (F (2, 31) = 12.54, p < . 01). Conclusion: Findings suggest stress and self-compassion partially explain variance in the dependent variables of sleep quality and emotional eating, both associated behavioral risk factors of body composition. Additional research may guide interventions to test efficacy and examine mediators to improve well-being predictors, body composition, and associated behavioral risk factors among midlife/older women.
1.7-Cycle Intense Pulse Source for MHz Attosecond Pulse Generation

The repetition rate of few-cycle intense pulses should be increased for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of nonlinear optical measurement technologies such as attosecond spectroscopies. A promising way of doing so is to use Yb amplifiers, which can operate at MHz repetition rates and have recently become commercially available. The current ways of generating intense MHz few-cycle pulses include optical parametric chirped amplification (OPCPA) using Yb amplifiers as a pump light source and pulse compression of the Yb-laser pulses itself. Thermal damage to nonlinear crystals remains a bottleneck of OPCPA to achieving high average output power despite intensive investigations [1], [2]. In contrast, pulse compression is currently a leading candidate for high-average-power operation [3]. It has been used for MHz sub-two-cycle pulse generation with hollow-core fiber (HCF) compression [4]. Another compression scheme is a solid-based method, e.g. the multi-plate continuum (MPC) method [5]. Its advantages include higher throughput, compactness, and easier alignment. However, the applicability of the MPC method to 100-W-class laser pulses has remained unclear. Here, we demonstrate MHz operation of 1.7-cycle intense pulses with a pulse energy of 35 μJ by compressing 80-W Yb:KGW laser pulses via the MPC method.