Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal fusion of multiple‐satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) products using Bayesian maximum entropy method

Merging multisensor aerosol optical depth (AOD) products is an effective way to produce more spatiotemporally complete and accurate AOD products. A spatiotemporal statistical data fusion framework based on a Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) method was developed for merging satellite AOD products in East Asia. The advantages of the presented merging framework are that it not only utilizes the spatiotemporal autocorrelations but also explicitly incorporates the uncertainties of the AOD products being merged. The satellite AOD products used for merging are the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 5.1 Level‐2 AOD products (MOD04_L2) and the Sea‐viewing Wide Field‐of‐view Sensor (SeaWiFS) Deep Blue Level 2 AOD products (SWDB_L2). The results show that the average completeness of the merged AOD data is 95.2%,which is significantly superior to the completeness of MOD04_L2 (22.9%) and SWDB_L2 (20.2%). By comparing the merged AOD to the Aerosol Robotic Network AOD records, the results show that the correlation coefficient (0.75), root‐mean‐square error (0.29), and mean bias (0.068) of the merged AOD are close to those (the correlation coefficient (0.82), root‐mean‐square error (0.19), and mean bias (0.059)) of the MODIS AOD. In the regions where both MODIS and SeaWiFS have valid observations, the accuracy of the merged AOD is higher than those of MODIS and SeaWiFS AODs. Even in regions where both MODIS and SeaWiFS AODs are missing, the accuracy of the merged AOD is also close to the accuracy of the regions where both MODIS and SeaWiFS have valid observations.
Zirconium, Hafnium and Rare Earths behaviour during the transport in volcanic fluids. Geochemical effects throughout the sublimation and after interactions with aqueous media

This research indicates the fate of Zr, Hf, and REE (lanthanides and yttrium) during the deposition of authigenic solids (hereafter defined sublimates) from the intermediate-temperature gas phase (100-420 °C), as well as in hot submarine springs and shallow wells in volcanic systems with different geodynamic settings. The processes associated with volcanic sublimation represent the last natural “inorganic” interface where a detailed investigation into the behaviour of REE had never been conducted. Sharp temperature and compositional changes in the volcanic gas phase cause the deposition of volcanic sublimates in fumaroles and during this process the effects on the Zr, Hf, and REE partitioning are poorly understood. The knowledge regarding the mutual behaviour of Zr, Hf, and REE at the sublimate-volcanic gas interface was the stated goal of this research.
Dynamic Caustics Experiment of Blasting Crack Propagation in Discontinuous Jointed Material

A PMMA(polymethyl methacrylate) model of a transmission-type experiment with dynamic caustic was carried out with a dynamic caustic-test system to simulate the blasting process of rock with discontinuous joints.The crack propagation mechanism and effect of filled and unfilled discontinuous joints,given the rules of crack propagation of cutting seam cartridge fractures,were studied under controlled blasting.Our experimental results show that two wing cracks appeared at both ends of the joints after the explosive stress wave reached the unfilled discontinuous joint plane.Wing cracks generally expand along the initial detonation crack.The longest wing crack was 2.5 cm.The mixed-mode stress intensity factor at the tips of the wing cracks changed from small to large.The change in crack speed and acceleration is similar to that of the stress intensity factor.Two wing cracks appeared at both ends of the joint after the explosive stress wave reached the filled discontinuous joint plane.Wing cracks are offset much to both sides.The longest wing crack is 4 cm.The stress intensity factor,at the tips of the wing cracks continuously fluctuates from small to large while the dynamic stress intensity factor continuously fluctuates from large to small.Wing cracks appeared at an early stage,with a large propagation speed and acceleration.
Year 1 Report: Evaluation and Improvement of Ocean Model Parameterizations for NCEP Operations

Goal: The long term goal of this NOAA Joint Hurricane Testbed (JHT) grant is to evaluate and improve ocean model parameterizations in NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) coupled hurricane forecast models in collaboration with the NOAA Tropical Prediction Center (TPC) and NOAA/NCEP Environmental Modeling Center (EMC). This effort targets the Joint Hurricane Testbed programmatic priorities EMC-1 and EMC-2 along with hurricane forecaster priorities TPC-1 and TPC-2 that focus on improving intensity forecasts through evaluating and improving oceanic boundary layer performance in the coupled model and improving observations required for model initialization, evaluation, and analysis. This project will be conducted under the auspices of the Cooperative Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Science program, and addresses CIMAS Theme 5: Air-Sea Interactions and Exchanges and NOAA Strategic Goal 3: Weather and Water (local forecasts and warnings).
Supporting Air Traffic Controllers in handling sector specific tasks, enabled by the use of the Boundary Arrival Task Manager

Seamless airspace is a long-cherished goal targeted by Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs) alongside other stakeholders. Since decades, airspace fragmentation has been identified as one of the main barriers for delivering more flexible and sector-independent Air Traffic Services (ATS) operations. It is also recognized to be one of the main causes of the Air Traffic Management (ATM) system’s inefficiency, especially from the economic point of view. To remedy this fragmentation and its negative impact, an increasing amount of possible solutions and ideas is being investigated to improve cost-effectiveness and productivity for ANSPs. Before making even more investment of additional funds, it is worth considering how to use existing technical and human resources more efficiently. Namely, the Air Traffic Controller (ATCO) staff, being one of the most valuable resources for ATM, might be shared between different Air Traffic Services Units (ATSUs) or even ANSPs in case of unexpected events (staff shortage, system outage, etc.). In today’s practice, each ATCO is endorsed only for a specific sector or group of sectors, and therefore, cannot be flexibly assigned to work on sectors other than the ones s/he is endorsed for. In addition, the previously mentioned fragmentation resulted in a huge number of sectors in Europe, which highly differs in terms of size, shape, and complexity. To evolve towards more efficient deployment of ATCO staff regardless of sector geographical specificity, an industrial research project PJ.33-W3-FALCO, "Flexible ATCO Endorsement and LDACS Complements", was launched within the context of SESAR. This project is investigating and identifying new solutions to increase flexibility of ATCO deployment by relaxing the obligation for ATCOs to be fully endorsed including a unit endorsement, and to compensate the expected loss of competence and working routine by procedural or technical means. The technical means are mainly new supporting tools, which provide direct assistance to the controller working on an unfamiliar sector. One of these tools is the so-called Boundary Arrival Task Manager (BATMAN). By sequencing the successive flights on a timeline, BATMAN shows remaining time values for tasks, such as level and speed changes or conflict resolution, that should be completed until the selected flight will be handed over to the next sector. This paper provides a description of the BATMAN tool and the idea behind its development. Besides, it briefly describes the simulation trials setup performed to test and evaluate this tool. Collected qualitative results are then analyzed. Qualitative assessment is based on gathered ATCOs feedback on their subjective feeling, tool’s operational feasibility, and possible further features enhancement. Lastly, this paper presents other possible uses of this tool beyond the current works and activities.
Resilient Consensus Control for Heterogeneous Multiagent Systems via Multiround Attack Detection and Isolation Algorithm

This article is concerned with resilient consensus control for a heterogeneous multiagent system (HMAS) in the presence of malicious attacks on sensors. Most existing strategies are dependent on compensation principle resulting in bounded consensus error. To address this issue, a multiround attack detection and isolation (MR-ADI) algorithm is presented, and, with this algorithm, a resilient isolation-based control strategy is developed to achieve output synchronization. In detail, via output regulator equations, heterogeneous followers are transformed into a virtual layer with same output matrices. With the transformation information from neighbors, a distributed attack monitor is constructed for generating feature signals. With the help of such signals from monitors, a centralized MR-ADI algorithm precisely locates paralyzed followers via a supervisory center, and a distributed MR-ADI algorithm is further proposed only with local and neighbor information. In theory, it is proven that the convergence of output consensus error is ensured. Simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the availability of our theoretical results.
The Extended Kalman Filter With Reduced Computation Time for Pedestrian Dead Reckoning

The extended Kalman filter (EKF) has been used in resea-rch works on attitude estimation of the inertial measurement unit (IMU) and pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR). It is important to improve computation cost to estimate attitude of IMU and the accuracy of attitude estimation for the practical pedestrian navigation system with IMU. In this letter, the Kaisoku EKF (KEKF) is proposed to improve the computation time of the EKF while keeping the accuracy of estimating walking trajectory. The KEKF updates the state vector using the prediction equations, which can be calculated in low computation cost during mid-stance phase. In the experiments, it is verified that the KEKF can estimate attitude of IMU faster than the EKF while keeping the accuracy of estimating walking trajectory. The computation time of the KEKF in mid-stance phase can decrease about 14.031% comparing with the EKF. The averages of relative errors of estimated walking distance were 4.235% in the KEKF.
A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study of sarcopenia-related traits and inflammatory bowel diseases

Background There is increasing evidence pointing to a close relationship between sarcopenia and inflammatory bowel disease. However, it remains unclear whether or in which direction causal relationships exist, because these associations could be confounded. Methods We conducted a two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization analysis using data from European genome-wide association studies of the appendicular lean mass(n = 450,243), walking pace(n = 459,915), grip strength (left hand, n = 461,026; right hand, n = 461,089), inflammatory bowel disease (25,042 patients and 34,915 controls), ulcerative colitis (12,366 patients and 33,609 controls), and Crohn’s disease (12,194 patients and 28,072 controls) to investigate the causal relationship between sarcopenia-related traits and inflammatory bowel disease and its subtypes on each other. The inverse-variance weighted method was used as the primary analysis method to assess the causality, and a comprehensive sensitivity test was conducted. Results Genetically predicted appendicular lean mass was significantly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (OR = 0.916, 95%CI: 0.853–0.984, P = 0.017), ulcerative colitis (OR =0.888, 95%CI: 0.813–0.971, P = 0.009), and Crohn’s disease (OR = 0.905, 95%CI: 0.820–0.999, P = 0.049). Similar results also revealed that the usual walking pace was causally associated with Crohn’s disease (OR = 0.467, 95%CI: 0.239–0.914, P = 0.026). Reverse mendelian randomization analysis results found that genetic susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease, and Crohn’s disease were associated with lower appendicular lean mass. A series of sensitivity analyses ensured the reliability of the present research results. Conclusion The mendelian randomization study supports a bidirectional causality between inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease and appendicular lean mass, but no such bidirectional causal relationship was found in ulcerative colitis. In addition, genetically predicted usual walking pace may reduce the risk of Crohn’s disease. These findings have clinical implications for sarcopenia and inflammatory bowel disease management.
Visualization and image analysis of shear stress distribution over a fan blade

Visualization and image analysis of shear stress distribution over a fan blade Atsushi Nashimoto, Nobuylki Fujisawa, Eiichi Kimura, Tsuneo Akuto ABSTRACT The method for measuring the shear stress distributions over the fan blade is proposed by using the oil-film visualization technique combined with the image analysis. The visualization experiment is carried out in a water tank and the surface velocity of the oil-film over the blade surface is measured by cross-correlation algorithm applied to the two images with a certain pattern displacement. The transformation of surface velocity to shear stress is made by a well known shear stress distribution over a rotating disk, which allows the correction of centrifugal force effect on the surface velocity of the oil film. The shear stress distribution and the limiting streamlines over the fan blade are measured and the performance of the fan is studied.
Help Me Read! Expanding Students' Reading with Wikipedia Articles

In this demo paper, we present an implementation of an intelligent digital textbook integrated with external readings for students, such as Wikipedia articles. Our system applies the ideas of concept extraction from a digital textbook on topics in cognitive psychology and computer science for a graduate class in a large US-based university to generate search terms that can link with Wikipedia articles. Finally, we integrate these articles into the textbook reading interface, enabling students to quickly refer to Wikipedia articles in connection with the reading material of the course to understand a concept or topic that they struggle with or are interested in exploring further. With this demo, we present a system that can be utilized for data collection in a real-world classroom setup.
Postpartum Psychosis: A Review of Risk Factors, Clinical Picture, Management, Prevention, and Psychosocial Determinants

Postpartum psychosis is rare, but is a serious clinical and social problem. On its own, it is not included in DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) or ICD-10 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) as a disease entity, and current diagnostic criteria equate it with other psychoses. This poses a serious legal problem and makes it difficult to classify. The disorder is caused by a complex combination of biological, environmental, and cultural factors. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms of postpartum psychosis remain very poorly understood. There is a need for further research and increased knowledge of the medical sector in the prevention and early detection of psychosis to prevent stigmatization of female patients during a psychiatric episode. It is necessary to regulate its position in the DSM5 and ICD-10. Attention should be paid to the social education of expectant mothers and their families. This article aims to review the current status of risk factors, prevention, and management of postpartum psychosis.
Halogen-bearing minerals from Airport Hill, Visakhapatnam, India

Coexisting biotite, hastingsite and apatite in a granulitic charnockite from Eastern Ghats, India, contain large amounts of chlorine and fluorine. The chlorine content in biotite is one of the highest ever recorded in this mineral. The hastingsite composition is quite similar to that of other chlorhastingsites reported elsewhere, except that it contains fluorine. The apatite crystals contain rare earth elements in addition to halogens.
Non-Invasive Physical Plasma Reduces the Inflammatory Response in Microbially Prestimulated Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Non-invasive physical plasma (NIPP), an electrically conductive gas, is playing an increasingly important role in medicine due to its antimicrobial and regenerative properties. However, NIPP is not yet well established in dentistry, although it has promising potential, especially for periodontological applications. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of NIPP on a commercially available human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cell line and primary HGFs in the presence of periodontitis-associated bacteria. First, primary HGFs from eight patients were characterised by immunofluorescence, and cell numbers were examined by an automatic cell counter over 5 days. Then, HGFs that were preincubated with Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.n.) were treated with NIPP. Afterwards, the IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the cell supernatants were determined by ELISA. In HGFs, F.n. caused a significant increase in IL-6 and IL-8, and this F.n. -induced upregulation of both cytokines was counteracted by NIPP, suggesting a beneficial effect of physical plasma on periodontal cells in a microbial environment. The application of NIPP in periodontal therapy could therefore represent a novel and promising strategy and deserves further investigation.
HEALTH STUDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HEALTHY EATING AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE UNIVERSITY ENVIRONMENT

Objective . To assess the healthy eating (HE) knowledge of health students and the factors associated with the university environment. Materials and methods . This was a cross-sectional study of 512 university students (≥ 18 years) enrolled in nine undergraduate health careers. It was conducted from April to November 2017. The Instrument for Assessment of Health Promotion in Universities and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were used. In addition, we measured weight, height and waist circumference. Bi-variate and multivariate analyses were carried out with SPSS version 23.0. Results . We found that most university students from the nine health careers had insufficient knowledge about healthy eating (71.9%; n=368). However, the highest proportion of students with sufficient knowledge was found in the career of nutrition (15.3%; n=22), followed by those in the physical education career (12.5%; n=18). The lowest percentage of students with sufficient knowledge was found in the career of medicine (8.3%; n=12). Multi-variate analysis showed that sufficient knowledge about healthy eating was related to participation in healthy eating activities (p=0.012; PR=1.94), participation in activities addressing self-esteem and self-knowledge (p=0.046; PR=0.59) and being overweight (p=0.036; PR=1.53). Conclusion . A low percentage of health students had sufficient knowledge about healthy eating. However, participation in healthy eating, self-esteem and self-knowledge activities at the university managed to improve the level of knowledge. We recommend the development of university projects that include the psychological, food and body triad, thus involving all health careers, with the aim of improving the health and quality of life of university students.
Association between pain intensity and cognitive function in primary headache

Background: Patients suffering from primary headaches such as migraine, tension-type headache, and cluster headache frequently report cognitive problems, particularly with attention and memory. The aim of this study was to see if there was a link between pain intensity and cognitive function in people who had primary headaches. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 69 primary headache patients (37 migraines, 27 tension-type headaches and 5 cluster headaches; age range 18–80 year). Migraine, tension-type headache and cluster headache diagnosis were determined according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition beta version (ICHD-3 beta) diagnostic criteria. All eligible subjects underwent cognitive function examination using Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCA-INA), Trail Making test A (TMT-A), Trail Making test B (TMT-B), Trail Making test C (TMT-C), Forward Digit Span and Backward Digit Span. The intensity of pain was assessed using Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Results: There were 69 primary headache patients included in this study, 52 (75.4%) patients had abnormal MoCA-INA, 52(75.4%) patients had abnormal Forward Digit Span and 48(69.6%) patients had abnormal Backward Digit Span. There was significant correlation between pain intensity and cognitive function in migraine, TTH and cluster headaches patients. The MoCA-INA, Forward Digit Span and Backward Digit Span had negative correlations with pain intensity, whereas TMT A-time, TMT A-error, TMT B-time and TMT B-error had positive correlation. Conclusion: There were significant associations between pain intensity of and cognitive function in primary headaches with p<0.05. It is suggested that the more severe pain intensity, the more impair of cognitive function.
Automatic Generation of Micro-kernels for Performance Portability of Matrix Multiplication on RISC-V Vector Processors

In this paper, we propose and evaluate several optimized implementations of the general matrix multiplication (gemm) on two different RISC-V architecture cores implementing the RISC-V vector extension (RVV): C906 and C910 from T-HEAD. Specifically, we address the performance portability problem across these processor cores by means of an automatic assembly code generator, written in Python, capable of emitting RVV code for high performance computing (HPC), with a variety of combinations of specific and general optimizations. Our experimental results using a number of automatically-generated micro-kernels for gemm, on both RISC-V architectures, reveal different impact of each optimization, depending on the target architecture, and highlight the importance of automatically generating HPC RVV code to achieve performance portability while reducing the developers’ effort. In addition, these optimizations show important performance gains with resepcto to a state-of-the-art tuned BLAS library (OpenBLAS), reaching 3 × and 1.3 × speed-ups for the C910 and C906, respectively.
Forest statistics for Connecticut

This report contains data from the second inventory of the forest resources of Connecticut. The inventory was completed in 1971 by the Northeastern Forest Experiment Station in cooperation with the Connecticut Department of Environmental Resources. The first inventory of Connecticut was completed in 1952. Because of many differences in standards and measurement techniques, the results of the current inventory are not directly comparable to the initial inventory.