Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the Phosphorylation “Code” of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Vivo * 210

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is phosphorylated at multiple serine residues in a hormone-dependent manner, yet progress on elucidating the function of GR phosphorylation has been hindered by the lack of a simple assay to detect receptor phosphorylation in vivo. We have produced antibodies that specifically recognize phosphorylation sites within human GR at Ser203 and Ser211. In the absence of hormone, the level of GR phosphorylation at Ser211 was low compared with phosphorylation at Ser203. Phosphorylation of both residues increased upon treatment with the GR agonist dexamethasone. Using a battery of agonists and antagonists, we found that the transcriptional activity of GR correlated with the amount of phosphorylation at Ser211, suggesting that Ser211 phosphorylation is a biomarker for activated GR in vivo. Mechanistically, the kinetics of Ser203 and Ser211 phosphorylation in response to hormone differed, with Ser211 displaying a more robust and sustained phosphorylation relative to Ser203. Analysis of GR immunoprecipitates with phospho-GR-specific antibodies indicated that the receptor was phosphorylated heterogeneously at Ser203 in the absence of hormone, whereas in the presence of hormone, a subpopulation of receptors was phosphorylated at both Ser203 and Ser211. Interestingly, biochemical fractionation studies following hormone treatment indicated that the Ser203-phosphorylated form of the receptor was predominantly cytoplasmic, whereas Ser211-phosphorylated GR was found in the nucleus. Likewise, by immunofluorescence, Ser203-phosphorylated GR was located in the cytoplasm and perinuclear regions of the cell, but not in the nucleoplasm, whereas strong phospho-Ser211 staining was evident in the nucleoplasm of hormone-treated cells. Our results suggest that differentially phosphorylated receptor species are located in unique subcellular compartments, likely modulating distinct aspects of receptor function.
Fatigue in adults with Marfan syndrome, occurrence and associations to pain and other factors

This study aims to investigate how fatigue affects adults with verified Marfan syndrome (MFS) in their daily lives, by examining fatigue levels and prevalence of severe fatigue compared to the general Norwegian population and individuals with other comparable chronic conditions. We investigated associations between socio‐demographic characteristics, Marfan‐related health problems, pain and fatigue. A cross‐sectional study was conducted, using a postal questionnaire including the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and questions on socio‐demographic characteristics, Marfan‐related health problems and pain. One hundred seventeen persons with MFS were invited to participate, 73 answered (62%). Participants reported significantly higher FSS scores and prevalence of severe fatigue compared to the general Norwegian population and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but lower than for other chronic conditions. Participants with chronic pain reported higher fatigue scores than those without chronic pain. Participants on disability benefits reported higher fatigue scores than participants who were working or enrolled in higher education. Marfan‐related health problems like aortic dissection and use of blood pressure medication were not significantly associated with fatigue. In multivariable regression analyses chronic pain and employment status were significantly associated with fatigue. The final multivariable model explained 24% of the variance in fatigue scores. Our results show that fatigue is common in MFS patients and that it interferes with their daily lives. Chronic pain and employment status show significant associations to fatigue. This implies that fatigue is important to address when meeting MFS patients in clinical practice. There is need for more research on fatigue in Marfan syndrome. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Role of Oxidative Stress in Spontaneous Abortion and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Systematic Review

Human reproduction is not considered a highly efficient biological process. Before the end of the first trimester, 30%–50% of conceptions end in spontaneous abortion. Most losses occur at the time of implantation. 15%–20% of clinical pregnancies end in spontaneous abortions. Recurrent pregnancy loss is a frustrating clinical problem both for clinicians and patients. Recurrent pregnancy loss affects 0.5%–3% of women in the reproductive age group, and between 50%–60% of recurrent pregnancy losses are idiopathic. Oxidative stress-induced damage has been hypothesized to play a role in spontaneous abortion, idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss, hydatidiform mole, defective embryogenesis, and drug-induced teratogenicity. Some studies implicate systemic and placental oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of abortion and recurrent pregnancy loss. Oxidant-induced endothelial damage, impaired placental vascularization and immune malfunction have all been proposed to play a role in the pathophysiology of idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss. Oxidative stress-induced placental dysfunction may be a common cause of the multifactorial and polygenic etiologies of abortion, recurrent pregnancy loss, defective embryogenesis, hydatidiform mole, and drug-induced teratogenic effects. Oxidative stress-induced modification of phospholipids has been linked to the formation of antiphospholipid antibodies in the antiphospholipid syndrome. The objective of this review was to examine the association between oxidative stress, spontaneous abortion and recurrent pregnancy loss, based on the published literature. We conducted an extensive literature search utilizing the databases of Medline, CINAHL, and Cochrane from 1986 to 2005. The following keywords were used: oxidative stress, abortion, recurrent pregnancy loss, reactive oxygen species, antioxidants, fetal development, and embryopathies. We conducted an electronic search, as well as a manual search of cross-references. We have included all studies in the English language found in the literature focusing on oxidative stress and its association with abortions, recurrent pregnancy loss and drug-induced teratogenicity. The role of antioxidant vitamins for primary prevention of oxidative stress-induced pathologies needs to be investigated further. Target Audience: Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians Learning Objectives: After completion of this article, the reader should be able to state that the causes of spontaneous and recurrent abortion are multifaceted, however, some of the causes may be preventable and also explain that the role of oxidative stress during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes has a basis in pathophysiology, although the role of oxidative stress and the treatment of oxidative stress during or before pregnancy remains speculative.
Beyond the borders of reality: Attachment orientations and sexual fantasies

Two studies examined the associations between attachment orientations and sexual fantasies. In Study 1, 176 participants completed a sexual fantasy checklist. The findings indicated that attachment anxiety was associated with frequent sexual fantasizing (e.g., submission themes). More anxiously attached women were particularly likely to report extrapair fantasies, whereas more anxiously attached men were especially likely to report romantic fantasies. Attachment avoidance was negatively associated with romantic themes, primarily among men. In Study 2, 115 participants described a sexual fantasy in narrative form. Findings paralleled those of Study 1, with the exception that the avoidant effects were more pronounced in women’s sexual fantasies than in men’s. Implications for understanding the interplay of the attachment and sexual behavior systems are discussed.
Correlation between Energy Spectral States and Fast Time Variability and Further Evidence for the Marginally Stable Orbit in 4U 1820–30

We report the results from a long-term monitoring data set obtained with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) from the bright globular cluster binary source 4U 1820-30. During this monitoring, the source flux varied from 2.9×10−9 to 8.5×10−9 ergs cm-2 s-1 in the 2-10 keV band, which correspond to, respectively, count rates of 1600 and 4500 counts s-1 in the nominal 2-60 keV RXTE proportional counter array band. Its energy spectral state was observed to encompass both the banana branches and the island state. Kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) were observed to exist in the upper banana and lower banana branches, as well as in the island state. In particular, we report that the kHz QPOs were present only when the soft color (defined as the flux ratio of the 3.9-5.0 keV band to the 1.7-3.9 keV band) was below 0.78 without regard to the overall count rate and without regard to whether the source is in any one of the three branches or states. Their centroid frequency was well correlated with the overall count rate below 2500 counts s-1. When the count rate was above 2500 counts s-1, the QPO frequency was consistent with a constant independent of the overall count rate. We take this as further evidence that the inner edge of the accretion had reached the marginally stable orbit, and therefore the constant 1060±20 Hz is the marginally stable orbit frequency.
THE EFFECTS OF REQUIRED ELABORATION OF ANSWERS TO BIODATA QUESTIONS

The impact of a request that examinees elaborate on their answers to a subset of items in a biodata instrument was evaluated. Four forms of a test in which different subsets of items are elaborated were randomly administered to 4 groups of examinees taking a pilot form of a selection instrument for a civil service position. Results indicated significantly lower scores on items for which elaborations were requested than the items for which no elaborations were requested. Lower scores were also observed for nonelaborated items when these items were embedded among those that were elaborated, and lower scores were found when the elaborated items were presented only in the first half of the test. Although the results suggest that requiring elaborated answers may reduce scores on biodata items, several practical and theoretical questions should be investigated to determine the utility of this approach as a method of reducing socially desirable responding.
Activation of the Nuclear Receptor LXR by Oxysterols Defines a New Hormone Response Pathway*

Accumulation of cholesterol causes both repression of genes controlling cholesterol biosynthesis and cellular uptake and induction of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase, which leads to the removal of cholesterol by increased metabolism to bile acids. Here, we report that LXRα and LXRβ, two orphan members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, are activated by 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol and 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol at physiologic concentrations. In addition, we have identified an LXR response element in the promoter region of the rat cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase gene. Our data provide evidence for a new hormonal signaling pathway that activates transcription in response to oxysterols and suggest that LXRs play a critical role in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis.
Comparing click-through data to purchase decisions for retrieval evaluation

Traditional retrieval evaluation uses explicit relevance judgments which are expensive to collect. Relevance assessments inferred from implicit feedback such as click-through data can be collected inexpensively, but may be less reliable. We compare assessments derived from click-through data to another source of implicit feedback that we assume to be highly indicative of relevance: purchase decisions. Evaluating retrieval runs based on a log of an audio-visual archive, we find agreement between system rankings and purchase decisions to be surprisingly high.
Evolution Of A Successful Community Bicycle Helmet Campaign

Background: Bicycling injuries claim more than 900 lives each year in the United States, and the major cause of deaths is head injuries. Bicycle helmets can prevent head and brain injuries, yet helmet use rate remains low. Helmets are expensive, and their cost can be prohibitive. This study asks the question, “If bicycle helmets are made affordable, will they be worn? ”. Methods: A multifaceted bicycle helmet campaign was begun in Grand Junction, Colorado, population 76,000, in 1992 and was evaluated after its first 2 years. The educational component involved presentations in local schools and at community functions, physician education, and media promotions. A discount helmet program was established through community donations, which allowed helmets to be sold to low-income families for $5 and to middle- and upper-income families for $15; approximately 2400 helmets were sold. One year later a local retailer sold helmets for $12.99; approximately 4000 helmets were sold. Results: Twenty-three locations were surveyed in 3 consecutive years by observers looking for bicycle riders and the presence or absence of helmets. The base-line overall use rate in 1992 was 9.9 percent, which increased to 20.9 percent in 1993 and to 37.1 percent in 1994. There were increases in helmet use in all age groups. Conclusions: A community bicycle helmet campaign that combines affordable helmets with appropriate education can effect an increase in helmet use. A major key to a successful program is a local retailer willing to sacrifice profits to promote helmet sales and use.
Showing Off in Humans: Male Generosity as a Mating Signal

We examined people's charity contributions while in the presence of an observer of the same sex, opposite sex, or no observer. Inspired by costly signaling theory, we hypothesized that men would be more generous in the presence of a potential mate. Men and women played a number of experimental games in which they could earn money. On completion of these games participants were asked what percentage of their earned money they would be willing to donate to charity. Our results show that men contribute more to charity when observed by a member of the opposite sex than by a member of the same sex or no observer. Conversely, female charity donations did not significantly vary across the three observer conditions. Findings support the notion that men's generosity might have evolved as a mating signal.
The forest and the trees: pathways and proteins as colorectal cancer biomarkers.

tiveness trial of cognitive behavior therapy compared with treatment as usual for persistent insomnia in patients with cancer. J Clin Oncol 26:4651-4658, 2008 17. Fiorentino L, McQuaid JR, Liu L, et al: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in breast cancer survivors: A randomized controlled crossover study. Sleep 31:A295, 2008 18. Berger AM, Kuhn BR, Farr LA, et al: One-year outcomes of a behavioral therapy intervention trial on sleep quality and cancer-related fatigue. J Clin Oncol 27:6033-6041, 2009
Making College Happen: The College Experiences of First-Generation Latino Students

This article documents the experiences of a group of first-generation Latino college students who enrolled in 4-year institutions immediately after high school graduation. Students form part of a research intervention program that focuses on disrupting social reproduction by increasing college access and persistence for underrepresented youth. In particular, this article explores the long-term effects of a college access/intervention program by examining how a group of first-generation Latino college students navigate the transition from high school to college, maintain a capacity to access academic and social support while in college, and sustain a college-going identity. The experiences of these first-generation Latino college students are situated within social/cultural capital theory, social reproduction theory, and critical theory. Analysis of a longitudinal database focuses on students’ proclivity to mobilize support around academic, financial, personal, and family issues while embedded within the college milieu.
Determining Visual Pattern Complexity for Improved Usability in Computerized Cognitive Testing

Computerized cognitive tests often entail tasks related to visual stimuli. Most tests are performed by elderly, computer naïve, and sometimes cognitively impaired subjects. Cognitive ergonomics in designing these tests can alleviate the subject's anxiety, and enhance their cognitive evaluation accuracy. One method to achieve this goal is to implement a complexity measure for the cognitive tasks and adjust the complexity level to each subject's capabilities, thus creating an adaptive psychological test. This paper details the design, implementation, and testing of a visual pattern complexity determination algorithm. The patterns used for the study were taken from computerized cognitive assessments. The algorithm was tested using three hundred binary images and compared to the complexity perceived via pair-comparison by human judges. Correlations of 72%, 74%, and 61% between human perception and the algorithm's predictions were obtained for easy, medium, and hard complexity levels, respectively. The algorithm has the potential to become an accurate measure of visual pattern complexity in computerized assessment, and could improve the usability of these tests for psychometric and cognitive evaluations.
A Buckling Problem for Graphene Sheets

We develop a continuum model that describes the elastic bending of a graphene sheet interacting with a rigid substrate by van der Waals forces. Using this model, we study a buckling problem for a graphene sheet perpendicular to a substrate. After identifying a trivial branch, we combine analysis and computation to determine the stability and bifurcations of solutions along this branch. Also presented are the results of atomistic simulations. The simulations agree qualitatively with the predictions of our continuum model but also suggest the importance, for some problems, of developing a continuum description of the van der Waals interaction that incorporates information on atomic positions.
The CAT for efficient 2D and 3D interaction as an alternative to mouse adaptations

We present the CAT (Control Action Table), a 6 degrees of freedom freestanding input device designed for interaction with Virtual Environments displayed on huge screens. Both isotonic and isometric sensing modes allow the user to easily and efficiently perform 3D interaction techniques. A 2D tablet fixed on the tabletop allows them to perform accurate 2D interaction techniques.
Comparison of human platelet membrane‐cytoskeletal proteins with the plasma proteome: Towards understanding the platelet‐plasma nexus

Platelets are essential for maintaining vascular integrity. Given the anucleate nature of platelets, definition of their proteome is essential for understanding platelet pathophysiology. We describe here a detailed MS‐based proteomic analysis of the platelet membrane/cytoskeletal sub‐proteome from purified, normal, non‐activated human platelets. In contrast to previous platelet proteomic purification strategies, the buffy‐coat method was utilized in this study to isolate and purify minimally activated platelets, yielding significantly reduced contaminants for leukocytes (0.02 ± 0.007×106/L) and erythrocytes (0.21 ± 0.02%). Using a false discovery rate of 1%, 203 proteins were identified and characterized with respect to their subcellular localization, biological function, and cellular processes. Of these, 16 have not been identified in previous human platelet proteome studies. As a first approach towards understanding the dynamic platelet‐plasma protein composition nexus, we re‐analysed the entire HUPO plasma proteome project dataset (647 plasma proteins identified) and compared these data with our platelet proteome dataset. Co‐identified proteins (41) were further analysed with respect to their relative abundances (exponentially modified protein abundance index) and functional enrichment in these two proteomes, as well as their correlation with the platelet transcriptome. Both platelet membrane/cytoskeletal and plasma proteome reference datasets, comprising both processed and unprocessed MS/MS spectra, are publicly accessible (http://www.ludwig.edu.au/archive/).
Nonhuman primate event-related potentials indexing covert shifts of attention

A half-century's worth of research has established the existence of numerous event-related potential components measuring different cognitive operations in humans including the selection of stimuli by covert attention mechanisms. Surprisingly, it is unknown whether nonhuman primates exhibit homologous electrophysiological signatures of selective visual processing while viewing complex scenes. We used an electrophysiological technique with macaque monkeys analogous to procedures for recording scalp event-related potentials from humans and found that monkeys exhibit short-latency visual components sensitive to sensory processing demands and lateralizations related to shifting of covert attention similar to the human N2pc component. These findings begin to bridge the gap between the disparate literatures by using electrophysiological measurements to study the deployment of visual attention in the brains of humans and nonhuman primates.
A sip of the Chalice

Chalice is a verification tool for object-based concurrent programs. It supports verification of functional properties of the programs as well as providing a deadlock prevention mechanism. It is built on Implicit Dynamic Frames, fractional permissions and permission transfer. Implicit Dynamic Frames have been formulated and proven sound using verification conditions and axiomatisation of the heap and stack. Verification in Chalice is specified in terms of weakest preconditions and havocing the heap. In this paper we give a formalisation of the part of Chalice concerned with functional properties. We describe its operational semantics, Hoare logic and sketch the soundness proof. Our system is parametric with respect to the underlying assertion language.
Accountable Care Organizations: Principles and Implications for Hospital Administrators

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY With the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2010, broad agreement has been reached on the need for fundamental reform of healthcare delivery and payment systems. Accountable care organizations (ACOs) have become one of the most discussed provisions of the ACA, and Medicare's Shared Savings Program (SSP), the incentive program tied to ACOs, has the potential to change the delivery of healthcare. The SSP will attempt to improve the quality of care while reducing the growth in expenditures by encouraging the formation of ACOs. The SSP is voluntary, and organizations that wish to participate will encounter advantages and disadvantages in its adoption. This article provides hospital administrators with basic information about the ACO requirements set forth by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and helps frame decision making about hospital participation in ACOs.
L'engagement en formation de base de publics adultes de faible niveau de scolarisation

L’article restitue quelques-uns des resultats d’une etude qualitative menee sur la question de l’engagement d’adultes faiblement qualifies et faiblement scolarises dans des dispositifs de formation centres sur la maitrise des savoirs de base. Deux dimensions seront particulierement interrogees : les processus de la dynamique motivationnelle et l’articulation entre formation et images de soi.L’article met en valeur differentes formes de la dynamique d’engagement a travers des indicateurs tels que l’autodetermination, la perception de competence ou la mise en projet. Dans un deuxieme temps, sont evoques les liens entre formation et construction identitaire : images de soi proposes par « l’histoire » de l’engagement en formation, mobiles peu/ou non verbalises, place de la formation dans la trajectoire personnelle.