Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacillus subtilis RecO and SsbA are crucial for RecA-mediated recombinational DNA repair

Genetic data have revealed that the absence of Bacillus subtilis RecO and one of the end-processing avenues (AddAB or RecJ) renders cells as sensitive to DNA damaging agents as the null recA, suggesting that both end-resection pathways require RecO for recombination. RecA, in the rATP·Mg2+ bound form (RecA·ATP), is inactive to catalyze DNA recombination between linear double-stranded (ds) DNA and naked complementary circular single-stranded (ss) DNA. We showed that RecA·ATP could not nucleate and/or polymerize on SsbA·ssDNA or SsbB·ssDNA complexes. RecA·ATP nucleates and polymerizes on RecO·ssDNA·SsbA complexes more efficiently than on RecO·ssDNA·SsbB complexes. Limiting SsbA concentrations were sufficient to stimulate RecA·ATP assembly on the RecO·ssDNA·SsbB complexes. RecO and SsbA are necessary and sufficient to ‘activate’ RecA·ATP to catalyze DNA strand exchange, whereas the AddAB complex, RecO alone or in concert with SsbB was not sufficient. In presence of AddAB, RecO and SsbA are still necessary for efficient RecA·ATP-mediated three-strand exchange recombination. Based on genetic and biochemical data, we proposed that SsbA and RecO (or SsbA, RecO and RecR in vivo) are crucial for RecA activation for both, AddAB and RecJ–RecQ (RecS) recombinational repair pathways.
A Research of Automatic Composition and Singing Voice Synthesis System for Taiwanese Popular Songs

The paper discussed the integration of the automatic composing and singing voice synthesis systems, to let the computer can compose a new song and sing in Taiwanese. First, the automatic composer system analyzes 10 Taiwanese popular songs through a first-order Markov chain and establishes the probability transition matrixes of the pitch and the duration. Second, the singing synthesis is based on STRAIGHT algorithm and 509 Taiwanese basic syllables are analyzed to build a text-to-singing (TTSI) synthesis system. Finally, the MIDI music files which are produced by automatic composer system and lyrics are fed into TTSI synthesis system to synthesis a new song. In order to improve naturalness, the pitch curve adds the vibrato and fine fluctuation.
Yeast actin with a mutation in the "hydrophobic plug" between subdomains 3 and 4 (L266D) displays a cold-sensitive polymerization defect

Holmes et al. (Holmes, K. C., D. Popp, W. Gebhard, and W. Kabsch. 1990. Nature [Lond.] 347: 44-49) hypothesized that between subdomains 3 and 4 of actin is a loop of 10 amino acids including a four residue hydrophobic plug that inserts into a hydrophobic pocket formed by two adjacent monomers on the opposing strand thereby stabilizing the F- actin helix. To test this hypothesis we created a mutant yeast actin (L266D) by substituting Asp for Leu266 in the plug to disrupt this postulated hydrophobic interaction. Haploid cells expressing only this mutant actin were viable with no obvious altered phenotype at temperatures above 20 degrees C but were moderately cold-sensitive for growth compared with wild-type cells. The critical concentration for polymerization increased 10-fold at 4 degrees C compared with wild-type actin. The length of the nucleation phase of polymerization increased as the temperature decreased. At 4 degrees C nucleation was barely detectable. Addition of phalloidin-stabilized F-actin nuclei and phalloidin restored L266D actin's ability to polymerize at 4 degrees C. This mutation also affects the overall rate of elongation during polymerization. Small effects of the mutation were observed on the exchange rate of ATP from G-actin, the G-actin intrinsic ATPase activity, and the activation of myosin S1 ATPase activity. Circular dichroism measurements showed a 15 degrees C decrease in melting temperature for the mutant actin from 57 degrees C to 42 degrees C. Our results are consistent with the model of Holmes et al. (Holmes, K. C., D. Popp, W. Gebhard, and W. Kabsch. 1990. Nature [Lond.]. 347:44-49) involving the role of the hydrophobic plug in actin filament stabilization.
AtmosphericChemistryandPhysics Photochemical modelling in the Po basin with focus on formaldehyde and ozone

As part of the EU project FORMAT (Formalde-hyde as a Tracer of Oxidation in the Troposphere), a ﬁeld campaign was carried out in the vicinity of Milan during the summer of 2002. Results from a 3-D regional chemical transport model (NILU RCTM) were used to interpret the observations focusing primarily on HCHO and ozone. The performance of the model was assessed by comparing model results with ground based and aircraft measurements. The model results show good agreement with surface measurements, and the model is able to reproduce the photochemical episodes during fair weather days. The comparison indicates that the model can represent well the HCHO concentrations as well as their temporal and spatial variability. The relationship between HCHO and (O 3 × H validate predict the
Hydrodynamics of R-charged black holes

We consider hydrodynamics of = 4 supersymmetric SU(Nc) Yang-Mills plasma at a nonzero density of R-charge. In the regime of large Nc and large 't Hooft coupling the gravity dual description involves an asymptotically Anti- de Sitter five-dimensional charged black hole solution of Behrnd, Cvetic and Sabra. We compute the shear viscosity as a function of chemical potentials conjugated to the three U(1)⊂SO(6)R charges. The ratio of the shear viscosity to entropy density is independent of the chemical potentials and is equal to 1/4π. For a single charge black hole we also compute the thermal conductivity, and investigate the critical behavior of the transport coefficients near the boundary of thermodynamic stability.
Diversity and Biocatalytic Potential of Epoxide Hydrolases Identified by Genome Analysis

ABSTRACT Epoxide hydrolases play an important role in the biodegradation of organic compounds and are potentially useful in enantioselective biocatalysis. An analysis of various genomic databases revealed that about 20% of sequenced organisms contain one or more putative epoxide hydrolase genes. They were found in all domains of life, and many fungi and actinobacteria contain several putative epoxide hydrolase-encoding genes. Multiple sequence alignments of epoxide hydrolases with other known and putative α/β-hydrolase fold enzymes that possess a nucleophilic aspartate revealed that these enzymes can be classified into eight phylogenetic groups that all contain putative epoxide hydrolases. To determine their catalytic activities, 10 putative bacterial epoxide hydrolase genes and 2 known bacterial epoxide hydrolase genes were cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The production of active enzyme was strongly improved by fusion to the maltose binding protein (MalE), which prevented inclusion body formation and facilitated protein purification. Eight of the 12 fusion proteins were active toward one or more of the 21 epoxides that were tested, and they converted both terminal and nonterminal epoxides. Four of the new epoxide hydrolases showed an uncommon enantiopreference for meso-epoxides and/or terminal aromatic epoxides, which made them suitable for the production of enantiopure (S,S)-diols and (R)-epoxides. The results show that the expression of epoxide hydrolase genes that are detected by analyses of genomic databases is a useful strategy for obtaining new biocatalysts.
Dynamic economic load dispatch using classical and soft computing techniques

Power system operation involves generation, transmission and distribution which involves optimization procedure for ensuring economy, reliability, security and stability. Dynamic economic load dispatch involves an optimization procedure for minimization of fuel cost. Optimization is done by properly scheduling the generator according to the load demand. This paper proposes a comparative analysis of finding the minimum fuel cost considering valve point effects using classical method such as Lagrange multiplier method followed by an analysis using power world simulator and that with Differential Evolution Algorithm respectively.
Robust regulation of nonholonomic mobile robots with visual servoing

This paper investigated the visual servoing regulation of nonholonomic mobile robots with monocular camera. Nonholonomic kinematic systems with visual feedback are uncertain and more involved in comparison with common kinematic systems. Two-step techniques were used to presented a robust controller that enables the mobile robot image pose and the orientation regulation despite the lack of depth information and the lack of precise visual parameters. The most interesting feature of this paper is that the problem is discussed in the image frame and the inertial frame, which made the problem easy and useful. The stabilization of the system by using the proposed method was rigorously proved. The simulation was given to show the effectiveness of the presented controllers.
A comparison between business process management and information security management

Information Security Standards such as NIST SP 800-39 and ISO/IEC 27005:2011 are turning their scope towards business process security. And rightly so, as introducing an information security control into a business-processing environment is likely to affect business process flow, while redesigning a business process will most certainly have security implications. Hence, in this paper, we investigate the similarities and differences between Business Process Management (BPM) and Information Security Management (ISM), and explore the obstacles and opportunities for integrating the two concepts. We compare three levels of abstraction common for both approaches; top-level implementation strategies, organizational risk views & associated tasks, and domains. With some minor differences, the comparisons shows that there is a strong similarity in the implementation strategies, organizational views and tasks of both methods. The domain comparison shows that ISM maps to the BPM domains; however, some of the BPM domains have only limited support in ISM.
Pelvic Nerve Injury Causes a Rapid Decrease in Expression of Choline Acetyltransferase and Upregulation of c-Jun and ATF-3 in a Distinct Population of Sacral Preganglionic Neurons

Autonomic regulation of the urogenital organs is impaired by injuries sustained during pelvic surgery or compression of lumbosacral spinal nerves (e.g., cauda equina syndrome). To understand the impact of injury on both sympathetic and parasympathetic components of this nerve supply, we performed an experimental surgical and immunohistochemical study on adult male rats, where the structure of this complex part of the nervous system has been well defined. We performed unilateral transection of pelvic or hypogastric nerves and analyzed relevant regions of lumbar and sacral spinal cord, up to 4 weeks after injury. Expression of c-Jun, the neuronal injury marker activating transcription factor-3 (ATF-3), and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) were examined. We found little evidence for chemical or structural changes in substantial numbers of functionally related but uninjured spinal neurons (e.g., in sacral preganglionic neurons after hypogastric nerve injury), failing to support the concept of compensatory events. The effects of injury were greatest in sacral cord, ipsilateral to pelvic nerve transection. Here, around half of all preganglionic neurons expressed c-Jun within 1 week of injury, and substantial ATF-3 expression also occurred, especially in neurons with complete loss of ChAT-immunoreactivity. There did not appear to be any death of retrogradely labeled neurons, in contrast to axotomy studies performed on other regions of spinal cord or sacral ventral root avulsion models. Each of the effects we observed occurred in only a subpopulation of preganglionic neurons at that spinal level, raising the possibility that distinct functional subgroups have different susceptibility to trauma-induced degeneration and potentially different regenerative abilities. Identification of the cellular basis of these differences may provide insights into organ-specific strategies for attenuating degeneration or promoting regeneration of these circuits after trauma.
Optical switching system for MPP, LAN, or WAN systems

Whether intended for use in massively parallel processing (MPP), local-area networking (LAN), or wide-area networking (WAN) systems, optical switching technology has not yet seen significant use in commercial practice. This paper presents the design of an optical switching system suitable for all of the above uses. The data path is all optical, with electrical-to-optical signal translation taking place only at the message source and optical-to-electrical signal translation taking place only at the destination. The control path, however, makes extensive use of electrical technology, using a unique control algorithm appropriate to the mixed-technology design. We refer to this dual (optical and electrical) design as the Gemini interconnection network.
Studying the Effect of Metre Perception on Rhythm and Melody Modelling with LSTMs

In this paper we take a connectionist machine learning approach to the problem of metre perception and melody learning in musical signals. We present a two-layered network consisting of a nonlinear oscillator network and a recurrent neural network. The oscillator network acts as an entrained resonant filter to the musical signal. It `perceives' metre by resonating nonlinearly to the inherent periodicities within the signal, creating a hierarchy of strong and weak periods. The neural network learns the long-term temporal structures present in this signal. We show that this network outperforms our previous approach of a single layer recurrent neural network in a melody and rhythm prediction task. We hypothesise that our system is enabled to make use of the relatively long temporal resonance in the oscillator network output, and therefore model more coherent long-term structures. A system such as this could be used in a multitude of analytic and generative scenarios, including live performance applications.
Generalized ABBA-V-BLAST hybrid space-time code for wireless communications

Hybrid MIMO communication systems combine spatial multiplexing with diversity gain to achieve both high spectral efficiency and link reliability. We present a novel generalized hybrid scheme that allows the use of any number of spatial multiplexing layers (V-BLAST) and any number of quasi-orthogonal layers (ABBA). We also present a low-complexity, ordered, successive interference cancellation receiver based on sorted QR decomposition. The receiver detects each symbol in the same manner, regardless of whether it was spatially or diversity coded, simplifying the receiverpsilas formulation. We show that this novel scheme outperforms other recent hybrid schemes in terms of bit error rate, even when there is precoding at the transmitter. We also show our proposal has lower complexity, achieved by exploiting the structure of the linear dispersion matrices.
Tissue-specific phosphorylation of complement receptors CR1 and CR2

CR1 of neutrophils and monocytes may exist in a resting state, in which it only binds ligand-coated particles, or an activated state, in which it mediates phagocytosis. Because the activated state of CR1 can be induced by the stimulation of protein kinase C with PMA, CR1 was assessed for phosphorylation. Purified human neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, tonsilar lymphocytes, SB cells, and erythrocytes were labeled with 32PO4 and incubated with buffer or 100 ng/ml PMA. Membrane proteins were immunoprecipitated and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography. CR1, unlike HLA class I heavy chain, was not constitutively phosphorylated by any cell type. PMA induced phosphorylation of CR1 in three phagocytic cell types, but did not induce the phosphorylation of CR3 or FcR. FMLP also induced the phosphorylation of CR1 in neutrophils. In contrast, PMA did not induce phosphorylation of CR1 in tonsilar B lymphocytes, SB cells, or erythrocytes, indicating restriction of this reaction to phagocytic cell types. This may be due to differences in the structure or presentation of the cytoplasmic domain of CR1 in phagocytic vs. nonphagocytic cells. Phosphorylation of CR2, however, did occur in PMA- treated B lymphocytes and SB cells, suggesting that this receptor, rather than CR1, may be involved in regulation of B lymphocyte function.
Detecting Malicious Content on Facebook

Online Social Networks (OSNs) witness a rise in user activity whenever an event takes place. Malicious entities exploit this spur in user-engagement levels to spread malicious content that compromises system reputation and degrades user experience. It also generates revenue from advertisements, clicks, etc. for the malicious entities. Facebook, the world's biggest social network, is no exception and has recently been reported to face much abuse through scams and other type of malicious content, especially during news making events. Recent studies have reported that spammers earn $200 million just by posting malicious links on Facebook. In this paper, we characterize malicious content posted on Facebook during 17 events, and discover that existing efforts to counter malicious content by Facebook are not able to stop all malicious content from entering the social graph. Our findings revealed that malicious entities tend to post content through web and third party applications while legitimate entities prefer mobile platforms to post content. In addition, we discovered a substantial amount of malicious content generated by Facebook pages. Through our observations, we propose an extensive feature set based on entity profile, textual content, metadata, and URL features to identify malicious content on Facebook in real time and at zero-hour. This feature set was used to train multiple machine learning models and achieved an accuracy of 86.9%. The intent is to catch malicious content that is currently evading Facebook's detection techniques. Our machine learning model was able to detect more than double the number of malicious posts as compared to existing malicious content detection techniques. Finally, we built a real world solution in the form of a REST based API and a browser plug-in to identify malicious Facebook posts in real time.
On Verification of a Distributed Algorithm of Databases Arranged as a Ring

In a paper, Roscoe has proposed two algorithms that can preserve a form of consistency in the distributed databases arranged a ring, and validated them using a group like algebra, invented by the same author. In this paper, we have simplified one of the algorithms and tried to validate it by applying a simple set theory. We suppose that each process located at a node of the ring emits one only one update in its history and all processes insert their updates in the ring at the same time. The behavior of the system is synchronized by a global system clock, and at each tick of the system clock, all updates move to their right neighbors.
Comparison of Cultural Acceptability for Educational Robots between Europe and Korea

Abstract: Europeans are much more rigid in their thinking on robots and especially have a negative view on robots as peers since they regard robots as labor machine s . Recently, Korea invented several educational robots as peer tutors. Therefore, study was needed to determine the difference in cultural acceptability for educational robots between Korea and Europe (Spain). We found that Europe seems to be much more rigid in its thinking on robots and especially has a negative view on educational robots. Korean parents have a strong tendency to see robots as 'the friend of children,' while on the other hand, European parents tend to see educational robots as 'machines or electronics'. Meanwhile, the expectation of children on educational robots showing identification content was higher in Europe than in Korea since European children are familiar with costume parties. This result implied that we may find a Korean market for educational robots earlier than a European market, but European children will be eager to play with educational robots even though their parents have a negative view of them.
Financial Stability and the Role of the Central Bank

Executive Summary The purpose of this Briefing Paper is to discuss the issue of financial stability and the role of the European Central Bank (ECB) in the Euro area and the European Union (EU). In the long run the best system for European financial supervision will be a European Financial Services Authority (EFSA). There will be a tendency to more integrated supervision because of the long-run trend to financial conglomerates in Europe. Next to that there will also be a development towards more cross-border supervision depending on the pace of cross-border mergers and acquisitions. The cross-border externalities between EU financial institutions and markets will become increasingly important. This means that there will be in the long run a federally organized financial supervision structure with the EFSA at the centre in which national supervisors (NCB's and national FSA's) still have supervision tasks. Like the ECB, it will have all the characteristics of a 'hub and spokes' system. Of course, quite crucial will be the decision about the degree of centralization of financial supervision. When the degree of centralization is high, we could speak of a "strong" EFSA. Instead, when the degree of centralization is low, the EFSA is said to be "weak". In both systems the ECB has an important role to play because of its responsibility for financial stability in general and its function of lender of last resort in particular. The difference between the "weak" and "strong" EFSA will also determine the relative influence of the ECB, which will be higher in case of a "strong" EFSA (high degree of centralization). Financial supervisors and academics see these tendencies very well, but it is up to the political authorities to take timely steps in this direction. It would be good news if the EU political authorities (Ecofin, EC and EP) would open a serious debate on whether and how European financial supervision should be concentrated with a newly established EFSA and what the future role of the ECB should be in this respect. However, we may need a major European financial crisis (e.g. a serious bank failure, merger or takeover in France, Germany or Italy) before the political authorities will become aware of this jump to a European level of financial supervision.
FLOW OF THE COARSE GRAINED FREE ENERGY FOR CROSSOVER PHENOMENA

The critical behavior of a system of two coupled scalar fields in three dimensions is studied within the formalism of the effective average action. The fixed points of the system are identified and the crossover between them is described in detail. Besides the universal critical behavior, the flow of the coarse grained free energy also describes the approach to scaling.