Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
College Teaching in Four States: An Examination of Teaching Methods Received and Needed by New College Teachers

COLLEGE TEACHING IN FOUR STATES: An Examination of Teaching Methods Needed by New College Teachers by Lee Francis Mumpower The purpose of the study was to examine what teaching methods new college teachers received and which ones they believed were important. New college faculty were asked questions on teaching methods to determine which, if any, were made available to them before they entered college teaching. The research questions under study were: 1. What type(s) of methodological preparation do/does higher education faculty receive? 2. What methodological preparation would be beneficial to new higher education faculty? 3. How do new higher education faculty learn methodological preparation? 4. What strategies could be developed to assist new higher education faculty in the development of instructional skills? 5. Are there differences between faculty who teach at institutions classified according to the Carnegie Classifications (1987) regarding the importance of methodological preparation and the amount of training received? The conclusions of the study were that new faculty were not prepared for the overall duties of the career as college teacher, except for being knowledgeable in their subject area. New college faculty also indicated a large difference between what they should know prior to beginning their college teaching and what they actually know. There, were differences between faculty at two year colleges and at four year colleges, both in what was perceived as important to know and in the amount of training received. The recommendations of the study were that training programs for new college faculty should prepare these faculty in more than conterit; that as more non-traditional students return to college, faculty need to know more about how adults learn, different student learning styles, and how iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. to increase student motivation; colleges should include training mechanisms for new faculty, such as how to teach, developing, mentoring relationships, or creating internships; and orientation programs should be set up for newly hired faculty;
Models of Urban Land Use in Europe: Assessment Tools and Criticalities

The aim of this paper is to examine available homogenous data on urban conversion of land in Western European countries and determine whether they are suitable to make an international comparison between land policies and management behaviour at the local level. This paper provides some results obtained from currently available information, but it stresses major data production criticalities which hinder the performance of comparable and reliable overall statistical studies. Conclusions stress the need for greater detail in the production of primary data on the features and magnitude of territorial urbanisation in Europe, as the EEA is doing for main cities. Moreover, this paper includes some remarks on the contents of the preliminary documents of EU soil directive. In particular, it focuses on the issue of urban transformation thresholds over time, a topic that has already been tackled by some northern European countries, however using techniques which cannot be applied as they are to all other countries.
Influence of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) in the Healing of Simple Postextraction Sockets: A Split-Mouth Study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) on the pain and soft tissue healing after tooth extractions. Twenty-six patients (9 males and 17 females) were treated with multiple extractions (2 to 8), with a total of 108 extractions. This was an exploratory single blinded randomized clinical trial with a split-mouth design. The pain after the surgery was assessed in each patient by the VAS scale (1 to 10) at intervals of 24-48-72-96 hours. The soft tissue healing was clinically evaluated at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery by the same examiner surgeon, using the modified Healing Index (4 to 12). The mean value of postextraction pain was 3.2 ± 0.3 in the experimental sides and 4.1 ± 0.1 in the control sides. After 7 days from the extractions, the values of modified Healing Index in the experimental and control groups were, respectively, 4.8 ± 0.6 and 5.1 ± 0.9. The use of L-PRF in postextraction sockets filling can be proposed as a useful procedure in order to manage the postoperative pain and to promote the soft tissue healing process, reducing the early adverse effects of the inflammation.
The treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients.

OBJECTIVE To compare the abilities and associated hypoglycemia risks of insulin glargine and human NPH insulin added to oral therapy of type 2 diabetes to achieve 7% HbA(1c). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a randomized, open-label, parallel, 24-week multicenter trial, 756 overweight men and women with inadequate glycemic control (HbA(1c) >7.5%) on one or two oral agents continued prestudy oral agents and received bedtime glargine or NPH once daily, titrated using a simple algorithm seeking a target fasting plasma glucose (FPG) <or=100 mg/dl (5.5 mmol/l). Outcome measures were FPG, HbA(1c), hypoglycemia, and percentage of patients reaching HbA(1c) <or=7% without documented nocturnal hypoglycemia. RESULTS Mean FPG at end point was similar with glargine and NPH (117 vs. 120 mg/dl [6.5 vs. 6.7 mmol/l]), as was HbA(1c) (6.96 vs. 6.97%). A majority of patients ( approximately 60%) attained HbA(1c) <or=7% with each insulin type. However, nearly 25% more patients attained this without documented nocturnal hypoglycemia (<or=72 mg/dl [4.0 mmol/l]) with glargine (33.2 vs. 26.7%, P < 0.05). Moreover, rates of other categories of symptomatic hypoglycemia were 21-48% lower with glargine. CONCLUSIONS Systematically titrating bedtime basal insulin added to oral therapy can safely achieve 7% HbA(1c) in a majority of overweight patients with type 2 diabetes with HbA(1c) between 7.5 and 10.0% on oral agents alone. In doing this, glargine causes significantly less nocturnal hypoglycemia than NPH, thus reducing a leading barrier to initiating insulin. This simple regimen may facilitate earlier and effective insulin use in routine medical practice, improving achievement of recommended standards of diabetes care.
The Catalog of Human Hair Keratins

The human type II hair keratin subfamily consists of six individual members and can be divided into two groups. The group A members hHb1, hHb3, and hHb6 are structurally related, whereas group C members hHb2, hHb4, and hHb5 are rather distinct. Specific antisera against the individual hair keratins were used to establish the two-dimensional catalog of human type II hair keratins. In this catalog, hHb5 showed up as a series of isoelectric variants, well separated from a lower, more acidic, and complex protein streak containing isoelectric variants of hair keratins hHb1, hHb2, hHb3, and hHb6. Both in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry on anagen hair follicles showed that hHb5 and hHb2 defined early stages of hair differentiation in the matrix (hHb5) and cuticle (hHb5 and hHb2), respectively. Although cuticular differentiation proceeded without the expression of further type II hair keratins, cortex cells simultaneously expressed hHb1, hHb3, and hHb6 at an advanced stage of differentiation. In contrast, hHb4, which is undetectable in hair follicle extracts and sections, could be identified as the largest and most alkaline member of this subfamily in cytoskeletal extracts of dorsal tongue. This hair keratin was localized in the posterior compartment of the tongue filiform papillae. Comparative analysis of type II with the previously published type I hair keratin expression profiles suggested specific, but more likely, random keratin-pairing principles during trichocyte differentiation. Finally, by combining the previously published type I hair keratin catalog with the type II hair keratin catalog and integrating both into the existing catalog of human epithelial keratins, we present a two-dimensional compilation of the presently known human keratins.
Evaluation of a modified ACR20 scoring system in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving treatment with etanercept

Objective: To evaluate a modified American College of Rheumatology 20 (mACR20) scoring system for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: The data were evaluated from one study on patients with methotrexate (MTX)-naive early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA) and another study on patients with DMARD-refractory late rheumatoid arthritis (LRA). For mACR20 scoring, acute-phase reactant measurements were excluded, and 20% improvement from baseline was determined by 2 or 3 of the 4 remaining ACR components. Results: For full joint counts with data from patients with ERA, marked differences favoured 25 mg etanercept (ETN) over 10 mg ETN by using the unmodified ACR20 (69% v 55%), the mACR203 of 4 (63% v 49%) and the mACR202 of 4 (72% v 58%). An assessment of 28 joints showed similar findings. In the trial on patients with LRA, considerably more patients in both ETN groups achieved a clinical response compared with placebo by using the ACR20, the mACR203 of 4 and the mACR202 of 4, whether using full or 28 joint counts. The mACR203 of 4 and full joint counts with data on patients with ERA showed a marked difference between the MTX and 10 mg ETN groups (63% v 49%), which was not observed with the ACR20. Conclusion: Patterns of improvement indicated by mACR20 scores were consistent with standard ACR20 scores.
Long-Term Fitness Training Improves the Circadian Rest-Activity Rhythm in Healthy Elderly Males

In old age, the circadian timing system loses optimal functioning. This process is even accelerated in Alzheimer's disease. Because pharmacological treatment of day-night rhythm disturbances usually is not very effective and may have considerable side effects, nonpharmacological treatments deserve attention. Bright light therapy has been shown to be effective. It is known from animal studies that increased activity, or an associated process, also strongly affects the circadian timing system, and the present study addresses the question of whether an increased level of physical activity may improve circadian rhythms in elderly In the study, 10 healthy elderly males were admitted to a fitness training program for 3 months. The circadian rest-activity rhythm was assessed by means of actigraphy before and after the training period and again 1 year after discontinuation. As a control for possible seasonal effects, repeated actigraphic recordings were performed during the same times of the year as were the pre and post measurements in a control group of 8 healthy elderly males. Fitness training induced a significant reduction in the fragmentation of the rest-activity rhythm. Moreover, the fragmentation of the rhythm was negatively correlated with the level of fitness achieved after the training. No seasonal effect was found. Previous findings in human and animal studies are reviewed, and several possible mechanisms involved in the effect of fitness training on circadian rhythms are discussed. The results suggest that fitness training may be helpful in elderly people suffering from sleep problems related to circadian rhythm disturbances.
Evaluating metrics for optimal path selection in large wireless community networks

Routing metrics commonly used nowadays in large wireless community networks (WCN), do not seem appropriate since they are generally not based on the real link capacity but on choosing the shortest path. Routing protocols such as OSPF or BGP use static metrics, while wireless links should be evaluated frequently because their bandwidth varies dynamically. Ad hoc routing protocols use more complex metrics, however they are better suited for sporadic or mobile nodes than for static nodes placed in house roofs to create the backbone infrastructure. In this work, we compare several metrics which might be of interest in realistic WCN scenarios. To do this, we have performed routing studies over real topologies extracted from a specific WCN, namely "guifi.net". The routes obtained using different metrics are compared in terms of length, capacity, and alternative paths. We show that, when using metrics based on real link bandwidth, the amount of routes with low bandwidth could be halved and the capacity of the network could be increased up to a 25%.
Improved Recommendation System with Friends on SNS

With the rapid development of the Internet, SNS services and 3G commercial mobile applications which brings tremendous opportunity, although the time on the development of SNS is very short in China, social web game is in the early stage of development, because of massive user, the potential commercial value of Chinese SNS is still a great mining space. A relatively large defects is the precipitation and accumulation on content, the dynamic of friends will affect our own decisions largely, it is favorable for the activity of SNS to increase the number of friends. We study some algorithms and models of the recommended system in this paper, and add the context awareness into the SNS friend recommended system, improve the calculation formula of similarity. We have improved the existing models, and conduct experiments to validate it and compare it with previous methods.
No evidence for physical anhedonia as a candidate symptom or an endophenotype in bipolar affective disorder.

OBJECTIVES Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) is clinically and genetically heterogeneous and the affected phenotype is poorly defined, hampering studies of its genetic basis. Studies of specific, familial, clinical indicators of BPAD may be useful for identifying heritable forms. Homogeneous forms of the disease may be identified in patients (candidate symptom approach) and some vulnerability markers may be sought in unaffected relatives of patients (intermediate traits or endophenotypes). Physical anhedonia (PA) is considered a possible candidate symptom and endophenotype in schizophrenia, but has never been specifically investigated in BPAD. METHODS Physical anhedonia scores (measured using Chapman's Physical Anhedonia Scale) were compared in 351 euthymic bipolar patients, 130 of their first-degree relatives and 170 healthy controls with no personal or familial history of schizophrenia, mood disorders or suicidal behavior. We investigated intrafamilial resemblance of PA and compared the progressive and clinical characteristics of hedonic and anhedonic bipolar probands. RESULTS Physical anhedonia was a stable trait in normothymic bipolar patients and significant intrafamilial correlation of PA scores was observed in bipolar families. However, PA scores were similar in unaffected relatives and controls and the clinical characteristics of anhedonic and hedonic patients did not differ significantly. Physical anhedonia was not associated with an increased familial risk for bipolar disorder. CONCLUSIONS Physical anhedonia is a stable, familial dimension in BPAD families. It cannot be considered an endophenotype because unaffected relatives of bipolar patients and healthy controls have similar PA scores. It also cannot be considered a candidate symptom because it does not identify a homogeneous clinical and familial sub-group of bipolar patients. Given the results of previous studies, PA might be a specific candidate symptom (and endophenotype) to schizophrenia. However, the validation of this hypothesis requires replication studies in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia and further investigations in other psychiatric diseases (in particular across the mood disorder spectrum).
Objectifying Rehabilitative Tests with Singular Spectrum Analysis

In rehabilitation, we need to continually assess those with disabilities, maintaining objectivity and consistency across time is challenging. In this paper, we describe our work in establishing objectivity in the widely used and accepted Action Research Arm Test on a group of actual patients. We concentrate on the grasp subtest which employs a cube into which we embed sensors. We feature a novel analysis of data by i) using singular spectrum analysis on the signals, for which the resulting eigenvalues are selected in a structured way to filtering the signals and ii) using receiver operating characteristics to set thresholds so as to objectively score the tests. These show promise to attain higher levels of objectivity in rehabilitative assessments.
Empowerment processes in a Community Mental Health Movement in Northeast of Brazil: new spaces for the madness

This article focuses on the construction of new spaces for the madness in the process of empowering people who changing their role in mental health services from the position of patients to citizens. For this it has been conducted a case studying in a Community Mental Health Movement in Bom Jardim, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Interviews were conducted mediated by the auto and focus groups. The results indicate that participation in the activities of the Movement favors strengthening, resulting in the rescue of personal identity and personal power, and changing beliefs about themselves and about the world. Thus this theoretical category cam be an important tool for the evaluation of mental health services. Participants reported having developed the courage to overlap obstacles trying to reinvent practices in their daily existence. The ecologic experience is also recognized as a dimension of empowerment aspect of leading in connection with the others and with the nature.
Aspects of internal program documentation-an elucidative perspective

It is difficult and challenging to comprehend the internal aspects of a program. The internal aspects are seen as contrasts to end user aspects and interface aspects. Internal program documentation is relevant for almost any kind of software. The internal program documentation represents the original as well as the accumulated understanding of the program, which is very difficult to extract from the source program and its modifications over time. Elucidative programming is a documentation technique that was originally inspired by literate programming. As an important difference between the two, elucidative programming does not call for any reorganization of the source programs, as required by literate programming tools. Elucidative programming provides for mutual navigation in between program source files and sections of the documentation. The navigation takes place in an Internet browser applying a two-framed layout. In this paper we investigate the applicability of elucidative programming in a number of areas related to internal program documentation. It is concluded that elucidative programming can solve a number of concrete problems in the areas of program tutorials, frameworks, and program reviews. In addition we see positive impacts of elucidative programming in the area of programming education.
Influence of the interval between time points on individual fetal growth curve standards derived from Rossavik models and two ultrasound scans before 26 weeks, menstrual age

We studied the influence of the interval between the two scans used before 26 weeks' menstrual age to generate individual fetal growth curve standards utilizing the Rossavik growth model: P = c(t)k + s(t) (model specification functions previously reported). Intervals of 3 weeks to 12 weeks were suitable for predicting the growth of the abdominal and head circumferences and femur diaphysis length in individual fetuses. However, large systematic and random errors were found with intervals less than 5 weeks for three‐dimensional parameters such as the head and abdominal cubes and estimated fetal weight. In addition, the data suggest that the systematic errors for these latter parameters may increase with intervals of 10 weeks or more. Overall, optimal individual fetal growth curve standards were best generated from two scans before 26 weeks' menstrual age separated by 5 weeks to 9 weeks.
Genomic Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phages LKD16 and LKA1: Establishment of the φKMV Subgroup within the T7 Supergroup

ABSTRACT Lytic Pseudomonas aeruginosa phages LKD16 and LKA1 were locally isolated and morphologically classified as Podoviridae. While LKD16 adsorbs weakly to its host, LKA1 shows efficient adsorption (ka = 3.9 × 10−9 ml min−1). LKA1, however, displays a narrow host range on clinical P. aeruginosa strains compared to LKD16. Genome analysis of LKD16 (43,200 bp) and LKA1 (41,593 bp) revealed that both phages have linear double-stranded DNA genomes with direct terminal repeats of 428 and 298 bp and encode 54 and 56 genes, respectively. The majority of the predicted structural proteins were experimentally confirmed as part of the phage particle using mass spectrometry. Phage LKD16 is closely related to bacteriophage φKMV (83% overall DNA homology), allowing a more thoughtful gene annotation of both genomes. In contrast, LKA1 is more distantly related, lacking significant DNA homology and showing protein similarity to φKMV in 48% of its gene products. The early region of the LKA1 genome has diverged strongly from φKMV and LKD16, and intriguing differences in tail fiber genes of LKD16 and LKA1 likely reflect the observed discrepancy in infection-related properties. Nonetheless, general genome organization is clearly conserved among φKMV, LKD16, and LKA1. The three phages carry a single-subunit RNA polymerase gene adjacent to the structural genome region, a feature which distinguishes them from other members of the T7 supergroup. Therefore, we propose that φKMV represents an independent and widespread group of lytic P. aeruginosa phages within the T7 supergroup.
Herpes simplex type 1 shedding is associated with reduced hospital survival in patients receiving assisted ventilation in a tertiary referral intensive care unit

The impact of shedding of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) on hospital survival of patients receiving assisted ventilation in an adult tertiary referral, acute trauma intensive care unit was assessed. The study was designed to address a clinical impression linking HSV‐1 recovery with poor survival. Two hundred and forty‐one males and 152 females were enrolled into a longitudinal cohort study. Combined throat swabs and tracheal secretions were tested for HSV‐1 shedding using a nested nucleic acid amplification protocol; patients were ranked as nonshedders, shedders, and high‐level shedders. Nonparametric analysis assessed the impact of shedding on hospital survival and logistic regression measured the confounding influence of sex, age, and the Acute Physiology, Age and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score. Linear‐by‐linear association determined the influence of the level of shedding on hospital survival. The observed mortality rate was 113/393 (28.8%). Patients shedding HSV‐1 106/393 (27%) had a significant reduction in hospital survival 66/106 (62%) in HSV‐1 shedders compared with 217/287 (75.6%) in nonshedders (P = 0.002). This difference remained significant when adjusted for age and sex (P = 0.026). Respective mortality figures for HSV‐1 shedders and nonshedders were 43/106 (40.6%) and 70/287 (24.4%) (P = 0.002). HSV‐1 shedding was associated with a significant reduction in hospital survival amongst patients receiving assisted ventilation. Hospital mortality in HSV‐1 shedders was increased by 16.2% over nonshedders. The role of HSV‐1 in this setting needs to be addressed. J. Med. Virol. 72:121–125, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.