Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Roughness dependence of optical coefficient polarization on pixels’ diffractive elements by stretching technique

In this research work, two polydimethylsiloxane diffractive elements (DEs) of 3 mm thickness under the same conditions are fabricated using molding technique and one DEs rough surface is modified by plasma O2 treatment in a vacuum chamber. The effects of both rough surface DEs on the structure and optical properties are investigated by atomic force microscope, white light interferometer and FDTD simulated, which indicates that the plasma O2 treatment induces the formation of nanostructures and decreases the surface roughness up to some roughness level. The optical transmittance, reflectance, absorption, Raman scattering spectra and optical coefficient measurement provides better results to polymer DEs, to be used as replica, efficient and cost effective. Furthermore, the stretchable technology is applied on both DEs, which provides results towards diffraction grating and thus, have widespread applications in optical transmission and reflection domain such as measuring, imaging, coding and solar energy.
Highlights of Gps Radio Occultation with Champ (neutral Atmosphere)

The atmosphere sounding experiment of the German CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload) satellite mission was activated on February 11, 2001. Since then more than 110,000 occultations were recorded as of mid-December 2002. The results of nearly two years CHAMP GPS (Global Positioning System) occultation measurements and data analysis have shown, that significant improvements of the GPS radio occultation technique were reached. CHAMP provides continuously GPS occultation measurements in spite of the activated antispoofing mode of the GPS. The data are analyzed by an operational processing system; the derived vertical atmospheric profiles are provided to the scientific community via the Information System and Data Center (ISDC). Using the operational occultation infrastructure at GFZ near-real-time provision of GPS occultation data and analysis results was demonstrated for the first time. The advantageous consequences for the GPS data processing due to the termination of the Selective Availability (SA) mode of the GPS (possible reduction of the GPS ground station acquisition rate for double differencing and feasibility of single difference processing) were demonstrated with the CHAMP data. Using the radioholographic technique for the data analysis characteristic frequency shifts of direct and reflected GPS signals have been determined in the observations. It was shown that these frequency shifts can be exploited to obtain information on ground elevation at the reflection point and ground-level refractivity.
Text Image with Complex Background Filtering Method Based on Harris Corner-point Detection

In order to solve the problem of text image containing the complex background in which the text of image cannot be read clearly and intuitively, this paper proposed a filtering method based on the Harris corner-point detection. The experimental results show that the algorithm can filter the background which contains text image commendably, making it possible for visually reading.
A Distrust Model to Detect Faulty Sensor in an IOT Network

IoT systems are increasingly being applied in many different domains and growing in scope. In such systems, it is inevitable that some equipment is unfortunately damaged or has some technical problem that makes the information collected and sent to the processing center inaccurate. In that case, it would be impossible to manually check each device on a daily basis for damage. Therefore, an urgent problem is how to automatically identify the faulty sensors on the system to conduct inspection and repair. This paper proposes a model to estimate the level of trust of a device based on its data deviation from its neighbors. The model is then experimented in a simulation of the case of Hanoi air pollution sensor network. The results indicate that the model could detect faulty sensors in the network better than some recent works.
Transforming Remote Sensing Imagery into Descriptive Text

The revolution in remote sensing technology has significantly expanded the capacity to collect extensive geographical data, highlighting the urgent need for effective techniques to extract valuable insights from these images. A distinctive deep learning-based method is introduced in this study for transforming remote sensing images into textual descriptions. This approach leverages the capabilities of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to deliver clear and informative textual descriptions, as well as to extract features from the images. A unique collection comprising a diverse set of text-annotated remote-sensing images from various sensors and platforms has been curated for this study. The model is trained and tested using this dataset. To enhance the quality of generated descriptions, a novel attention method is introduced, facilitating the model's focus on specific regions of interest within the images. Moreover, domain-specific knowledge and spatial context are seamlessly integrated to augment the applicability and precision of textual descriptions. Extensive studies are conducted to evaluate the model's performance, including comparisons with alternative approaches, across a spectrum of remote sensing scenarios. The findings consistently demonstrate that this strategy outperforms benchmark techniques with respect to relevance and descriptive quality. Potential uses of this technology are also investigated, including activities like environmental monitoring, disaster assessment, and land cover classification. These investigations demonstrate the adaptability and utility of the strategy across diverse fields. This research unveils a potential method for automatically generating textual descriptions from remote sensing images, aiding in the extraction of vital data for various geospatial applications. The suggested method makes strides in the field of remote sensing and has a great deal of promise for assisting decision-making in environmental and geographic studies.
A High Port-isolation Four-modes Meta-surfaces Antenna Using Characteristics Mode Analysis

This paper proposes a meta-surfaces (MTS) antenna, which utilizes four independently controllable regional current combinations. From the perspective of characteristics mode theory, we analyze the influence of independently manipulated current on other regions and design four quadrature mode patterns around 2.3 GHz. The simulation results demonstrate that the antenna possesses a bandwidth of 0.14GHz for $\vert S_{\mathbf{11}} \vert \lt -10$ dB, a relative bandwidth of 6%, the worst isolation of 22.7 dB, and a profile height of 0.06 wavelengths. Finally, we configure the amplitude and phase of the port feed to achieve polarization diversity.
Transfer Learning of VGG19 for the Classification of Apple Leaf Diseases

The precise classification of apple leaf diseases plays a pivotal role in precision agriculture and sustainable orchard management. In this study, we introduce a transfer learning approach that harnesses the capabilities of the VGG19 architecture to effectively classify various apple leaf diseases. The model's performance is meticulously evaluated on training and validation datasets, yielding results that underscore its remarkable accuracy and minimal loss. The developed model exhibits exceptional accuracy, achieving an impressive accuracy rate of approximately 98.71% on the validation set. Moreover, the fine-tuning of the pre-trained VGG19 model emerges as a highly effective strategy, emphasizing its potential to contribute to early disease detection in apple orchards. This technological advancement not only promises to enhance crop management practices but also offers the prospect of mitigating economic losses and reinforcing disease prevention strategies. Future research progress may encompass further refinement of the model and its practical deployment in a diverse array of agricultural scenarios. This work significantly contributes to the field of precision agriculture by furnishing a robust solution for the classification of apple leaf diseases. In doing so, it paves the way for the adoption of sustainable and efficient orchard management practices, thereby fostering a more promising and resilient agricultural landscape.
Delayline: A Wide-Area Network Emulation Tool

Distributed applications that communicate over local area networks usually enjoy highly reliable communications with minimal latency. However, as the trend to larger scale distributed systems continues, applications are likely to have to tolerate the reduced performance that is inherent in wide area networking. During application development it is often impractical or inconvenient to evaluate system performance under real wide area network conditions. In this paper we describe the design and implementation of the Delayline tool which provides a fully configurable mechanism for emulating wide area network communications on a local area network.
Errors by the American Psychiatric Association, the American Psychological Association, and the National Educational Association in Representing Homosexuality in Amicus Briefs about Amendment 2 to the U.S. Supreme Court

In October 1995, consortiums of psychiatric and educational professional organizations, including the American Psychological Association and the American Psychiatric Association and the National Educational Association, submitted amicus briefs to the U.S. Supreme Court asserting that the scientific literature unequivocally supports the following propositions: (a) that homosexuals, including homosexual teachers, do not disproportionately molest children, (b) that children of homosexual parents are not more likely to become homosexuals, (c) that professionals agree that homosexuality is not a pathology, and (d) that homosexual attractions are biologically or genetically predetermined and are therefore beyond the control of the individual. The first two contentions are inconsistent with the scientific literature, and the second two grossly oversimplify a contentious and uncertain literature.
Considerations for creating and annotating the budding yeast Genome Map at SGD: a progress report

The Saccharomyces Genome Database (SGD) is compiling and annotating a comprehensive catalogue of functional sequence elements identified in the budding yeast genome. Recent advances in deep sequencing technologies have enabled for example, global analyses of transcription profiling and assembly of maps of transcription factor occupancy and higher order chromatin organization, at nucleotide level resolution. With this growing influx of published genome-scale data, come new challenges for their storage, display, analysis and integration. Here, we describe SGD's progress in the creation of a consolidated resource for genome sequence elements in the budding yeast, the considerations taken in its design and the lessons learned thus far. The data within this collection can be accessed at http://browse.yeastgenome. org and downloaded from http://downloads.yeastgenome. org. Database URL: http://www.yeastgenome. org
Ontology Merging for Federated Ontologies on the Semantic Web

One of the core challenges for the Semantic Web is the aspect of decentralization. Local structures can be modeled by ontologies. However, in order to support global communication and knowledge exchange, mechanisms have to be developed for integrating the local systems. We adopt the database approach of autonomous federated database systems and consider an architecture for federated ontologies for the Semantic Web as starting point of our work. We identify the need for merging specific ontologies for developing federated, but still autonomous web systems. We present the method FCA–MERGE for merging ontologies following a bottom-up approach which offers a structural description of the merging process. The method is guided by application-specific instances of the given source ontologies that are to be merged. We apply techniques from natural language processing and formal concept analysis to derive a lattice of concepts as a structural result of FCA–MERGE. The generated result is then explored and transformed into the merged ontology with human interaction.
Towards Unified, Practical Evaluation of Model Poisoning Attacks and Defence in Federated Learning

Federated learning (FL) is an efficient and privacy-preserving technology which can be applied to 6G networks. However, FL is known to be vulnerable to model poisoning attacks, which hamper the accuracy of the aggregated model by sending malicious updates during the FL training process. While existing algorithms such as byzantine-robust FL have been proposed to defend against targeted poisoning attacks, which misclassify samples with preset triggers, there are very few works on defending against untargeted poisoning attacks. In this work, we first present a unified and reformulated framework for existing untargeted poisoning attacks, which aim to minimize the accuracy of the global model without chosen triggers for targeted labels. Then, we propose FedDet, a median-based re-weighting aggregation algorithm, to defend the untargeted attacks. To test the security performance of FedDet, six adaptive untargeted poisoning attacks tailored to FedDet are designed. We evaluate the performance of FedDet against these attacks under the benchmark dataset. Experiment results demonstrate that FedDet is robust against untargeted attacks and can maintain high global model accuracy.
A Tunable Wilkinson Power Divider Based on Graphene

In this paper, a tunable Wilkinson power divider based on graphene is proposed. By adding four graphene stubs to the power divider to change the output power, different power division ratios can be achieved. The power divider at a center frequency of 3GHz provides power division ratios of 1:6, 6:1, 3:1 and $1: 3$.
Advanced Sliding Mode Control Techniques Employed on Electric Hybrid Vehicle

There is Variety in HEV categories resulting from the wide range of energy storage technologies (battery types, ul-tracapacitors, fuel cell types and so on) and control mechanisms. As a result, it might be difficult to determine what kind of control method is most suited for HEV uses. Using a hybrid battery, fuel cell, ultracapacitor configuration, this study categorizes three distinct control strategies: integral Back-stepping sliding mode control (IBSMC), Variable super-twisting adaptive sliding mode control (STASMC), and Variable Real-twisting adaptive sliding mode control (RTASMC). To better illustrate the benefits and drawbacks of each control method, a comparative analysis is conducted among them based on control characteristics and operating conditions. To provide a comparative analysis based on dynamic performance and robustness, the performance of the control strategies was compared and contrasted for this specific hybrid configuration. MATLAB/Simulink environment was used for the simulations. The major goal was to achieve flawless regulation of the dc bus voltage during simulation, and it was achieved with very quick convergence, minimum overshoots and minimal steady state error.
Bacillus calmette-guerin versus chemotherapy for the intravesical treatment of patients with carcinoma in situ of the bladder: a meta-analysis of the published results of randomized clinical trials.

PURPOSE We determined the short-term and long-term efficacy of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A meta-analysis was performed on published results of randomized clinical trials comparing intravesical BCG to intravesical chemotherapy. RESULTS Nine randomized trials including 700 patients with CIS compared BCG to either mitomycin C (MMC), epirubicin, adriamycin, or sequential MMC/adriamycin. Of 298 patients on BCG 203 (68.1%) had a complete response compared with 158 of 307 patients on chemotherapy (51.5%), a reduction of 47% in the odds of nonresponse on BCG (OR 0.53, p =0.0002). Based on a median followup of 3.6 years, 161 of 345 patients on BCG (46.7%) had no evidence of disease compared with 93 of 355 patients on chemotherapy (26.2%), a reduction of 59% in the odds of treatment failure on BCG (OR 0.41, p <0.0001). Although the long-term benefit of BCG was smaller in trials with MMC, BCG was superior to MMC in trials with maintenance BCG (OR 0.57, p =0.04). The reduction of 26% in the risk of progression on BCG (p =0.20) is consistent with the reduction of 27% (p =0.001) previously reported in a larger superficial bladder cancer meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS Intravesical BCG significantly reduces the risk of short and long-term treatment failure compared with intravesical chemotherapy. Therefore, it is considered to be the intravesical agent of choice in the treatment of CIS.
Efficacy and safety of exogenous melatonin for secondary sleep disorders and sleep disorders accompanying sleep restriction: meta-analysis

Abstract Objective To conduct a systematic review of the efficacy and safety of exogenous melatonin in managing secondary sleep disorders and sleep disorders accompanying sleep restriction, such as jet lag and shiftwork disorder. Data sources 13 electronic databases and reference lists of relevant reviews and included studies; Associated Professional Sleep Society abstracts (1999 to 2003). Study selection The efficacy review included randomised controlled trials; the safety review included randomised and non-randomised controlled trials. Quality assessment Randomised controlled trials were assessed by using the Jadad Scale and criteria by Schulz et al, and non-randomised controlled trials by the Downs and Black checklist. Data extraction and synthesis One reviewer extracted data and another reviewer verified the data extracted. The inverse variance method was used to weight studies and the random effects model was used to analyse data. Main results Six randomised controlled trials with 97 participants showed no evidence that melatonin had an effect on sleep onset latency in people with secondary sleep disorders (weighted mean difference −13.2 (95% confidence interval −27.3 to 0.9) min). Nine randomised controlled trials with 427 participants showed no evidence that melatonin had an effect on sleep onset latency in people who had sleep disorders accompanying sleep restriction (−1.0 (−2.3 to 0.3) min). 17 randomised controlled trials with 651 participants showed no evidence of adverse effects of melatonin with short term use (three months or less). Conclusions There is no evidence that melatonin is effective in treating secondary sleep disorders or sleep disorders accompanying sleep restriction, such as jet lag and shiftwork disorder. There is evidence that melatonin is safe with short term use.
Application of Machine Learning to Extraction of Digital Forensics Evidence

this paper aims to discover the capability of software of device studying (ML) for virtual forensics evidence extraction. Specifically, it is miles focused on examining methods that ML algorithms could be leveraged to come across and analyze virtual evidence for you to maximize the performance of digital forensics investigations. The first step taken in this research is to take advantage of the know-how of the existing techniques utilized in virtual forensics proof extraction. After discussing the inherent obstacles of such strategies, the point of interest shifts to describing the diverse ML procedures and algorithms that have evolved in recent years and outlining how they might give a boost to digital forensics research. Mainly, several ML-based approaches are discussed, inclusive of anomaly detection algorithms, supervised getting-to-know fashions, unsupervised learning algorithms, and deep getting-to-know algorithms. After imparting an overview of those ML-based approaches, the primary utility areas in which they can be used to extract digital evidence are mentioned, together with photo evaluation, network visitor's evaluation, and consumer behavior analysis. An example of ways ML will be used to detect and analyze picks from an online social media platform to find out evidence of a criminal offense is discussed in element.
Summary of the 2007 European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension

Background The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published their fi rst European-specifi c guidelines in 2003. The decision to publish their own recommendations recognized that their historical endorsement of the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Society of Hypertension (ISH) guidelines, with some adaptation to the European situation, fell short of addressing the signifi cant differences in economic resources available, and diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations between Europe and the rest of the world. The 2003 ESH/ESC Guidelines have since been revised and updated in light of changes in the fi eld and in the pursuit of good medicine and practice, and have recently been published in their second incarnation in the Journal of Hypertension (ESH/ESC Hypertension Practice Guidelines Committee 2003, 2007). Despite the unequivocal cardiovascular (CV) risk conferred by high blood pressure (BP), a signifi cant number of people with hypertension are unaware of their condition and target BP levels are seldom achieved (Burt et al 1995; Amar et al 2003; Mancia et al 2005). The 2007 ESH/ESC Guidelines emphasize the need to extend procedures for the effective capture, diagnosis and treatment of hypertension to a larger fraction of the clinical profession to benefi t a greater number of patients. The scope of the Guidelines covers: defi nition and classifi cation, diagnostic evaluation, therapeutic management and approach, treatment strategies, special conditions, associated risk factors, screening for secondary forms of hypertension, follow-up and implementation. The aim of this supplement is to distil and summarize the key recommendations, with a particular emphasis on implications for practice from a primary care perspective. The recommendations are based on data from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational studies as appropriate, and aim to facilitate decision-making and practice for all healthcare providers involved in the management of hypertension.
Dynamic MIMO: A Key Enabler for 6G

The 5G standard can support several features and services that can achieve KPIs such as high data-date, ultrareliability, and low-latency. It however can be too complex due to (a) different levels of abstractions for NW entities and (b) multilayer-based signaling (RRC, MAC CE, and DCI) for components of these abstractions. The implementation of these features/services can therefore be challenging (e.g. exponentiallycomplex), and a direct reuse/extension of (a) and (b) will only add to the complexity. Going into 6G, both (a) and (b) must be simplified in order to reduce the computational burden significantly, thereby supporting both legacy (up to 5G) and new 6G features/services. To achieve this, a new MIMO paradigm, namely Dynamic MIMO is proposed, which is based on a single abstraction for a basic NW entity, namely antenna/port groups (AGs). A streamlined and opportunistically dynamic signaling of intra-/-inter-AG components/properties, such as coherency, quasicolocation, and beamforming, and TCI state, is also proposed. The system-level performance benefits of the proposed framework are demonstrated for two schemes.