Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of ATP binding and hydrolysis in assembly of MacAB–TolC macrolide transporter

MacB is a founding member of the Macrolide Exporter family of transporters belonging to the ATP‐Binding Cassette superfamily. These proteins are broadly represented in genomes of both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria and are implicated in virulence and protection against antibiotics and peptide toxins. MacB transporter functions together with MacA, a periplasmic membrane fusion protein, which stimulates MacB ATPase. In Gram‐negative bacteria, MacA is believed to couple ATP hydrolysis to transport of substrates across the outer membrane through a TolC‐like channel. In this study, we report a real‐time analysis of concurrent ATP hydrolysis and assembly of MacAB–TolC complex. MacB binds nucleotides with a low millimolar affinity and fast on‐ and off‐rates. In contrast, MacA–MacB complex is formed with a nanomolar affinity, which further increases in the presence of ATP. Our results strongly suggest that association between MacA and MacB is stimulated by ATP binding to MacB but remains unchanged during ATP hydrolysis cycle. We also found that the large periplasmic loop of MacB plays the major role in coupling reactions separated in two different membranes. This loop is required for MacA‐dependent stimulation of MacB ATPase and at the same time, contributes to recruitment of TolC into a trans‐envelope complex.
The Comparison of the Analgesic Effects of Oral Tramadol Tablet and Gelofen Capsule after Photorefractive Keratectomy

Refraction is defined as deviation of light rays while crossing the surface between two transparent environments with different densities expressed in terms of Diopter (D). The refractive power of the cornea in its central part is approximately 43 D making up as much as three fourth of the refractive power of the eye. The ideal method of refractive surgery is a simple, useful, and invasive method suitable for most patients [1-3].
Developmental Characteristics of Disparate Bimanual Movement Skills in Typically Developing Children

ABSTRACT Mastery of many tasks in daily life requires role differentiated bimanual hand use with high spatiotemporal cooperation and minimal interference. The authors investigated developmental changes in the performance of a disparate bimanual movement task requiring sequenced movements. Age groups were attributed to changes in CNS structures critical for bimanual control such as the corpus callosum (CC) and the prefrontal cortex; young children (5–6 years old), older children (7–9 years old), and adolescents (10–16 years old). Results show qualitative changes in spatiotemporal sequencing between the young and older children which typically marks a phase of distinct reduction of growth and myelination of the CC. Results show qualitative changes in spatiotemporal sequencing between the young and older children, which coincides with distinct changes in the growth rate and myelination of the CC. The results further support the hypothesis that CC maturation plays an important role in the development of bimanual skills.
Wholeness Unveiled: Pioneering the Fusion of Denoising and Inpainting for Mastery in Image Restoration

Effective image denoising techniques and inpainting are frequently needed for mural art restoration and preservation in order to accomplish accurate reconstruction. This comparative study examines the effectiveness of three different methods for denoising mural art images: generative adversarial network (GAN) based denoising, deep convolutional neural network (CNN) based denoising, and conventional methods like Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) techniques. Due to their extraordinary capacity to extract complex patterns and features from noisy data, deep learning approaches have recently become more popular in the field of picture denoising. In order to denoise photos of mural art, this study investigates the use of CNNs and GANs, which include a generator network and a generator network, respectively. These models will be trained and tested on a variety of noisy mural art datasets, and their denoising performance will be compared in terms of both quantitative measures and visual quality. Additionally, the study uses DWT and SWT, two conventional denoising techniques, as benchmarks. These techniques provide an alternative viewpoint and are commonly utilised in image processing. The comparison analysis takes into account elements including the effectiveness of the denoising process, the preservation of tiny details, and overall image quality. This study makes a contribution by thoroughly comparing these denoising methods in the context of restoring mural painting. Combining denoising and image inpainting techniques can be a powerful approach for restoring and enhancing images. Practitioners and researchers can choose the best denoising strategies for particular settings by carefully weighing the advantages and drawbacks of each approach. The findings of this study aim to guide the selection of appropriate methods based on the characteristics of the mural art images and the desired quality of the reconstructed results.
PGC-1α and Myokines in the Aging Muscle – A Mini-Review

Aging is associated with far-reaching changes in physiological functions resulting in morbidity and ultimately death. Age-related frailty, insecurity and reduced physical activity contribute to a progressive loss of muscle mass and function, commonly referred to as sarcopenia. Due to the increase in life expectancy in many countries, loss of muscle mass and its consequences gain in relevance for public health. At the same time, the molecular mechanisms that underlie sarcopenia are poorly understood and therefore, therapeutic approaches are limited. Interestingly though, endurance, strength and stretching exercise is significantly superior to all known pharmacological, nutritional and hormonal interventions for stabilizing, alleviating and reversing sarcopenia. Thus, increased knowledge about the plastic changes of skeletal muscle after physical activity and the signaling factors that mediate the beneficial effects of exercise on other organs might yield a better understanding of the disease and open new avenues for treatment. Here, we discuss how current discoveries about the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a key exercise factor in muscle, and myokines, factors produced and secreted by active muscle fibers, expand our view of the pathological changes and the therapeutic options for sarcopenia.
Use of the GlideScope Ranger Video Laryngoscope for Emergency Intubation in the Prehospital Setting: A Randomized Control Trial*

Objectives: We sought to assess whether the GlideScope Ranger video laryngoscope may be a reliable alternative to direct laryngoscopy in the prehospital setting. Design: Multicenter, prospective, randomized, control trial with patient recruitment over 18 months. Setting: Four study centers operating physician-staffed rescue helicopters or ground units in Austria and Norway. Patients: Adult emergency patients requiring endotracheal intubation. Interventions: Airway management strictly following a prehospital algorithm. First and second intubation attempt employing GlideScope or direct laryngoscopy as randomized; third attempt crossover. After three failed intubation attempts, immediate use of an extraglottic airway device. Measurements and Main Results: A total of 326 patients were enrolled. Success rate with the GlideScope (n = 168) versus direct laryngoscopy (n = 158) group was 61.9% (104/168) versus 96.2% (152/158), respectively (p < 0.001). The main reasons for failed GlideScope intubation were failure to advance the tube into the larynx or trachea (26/168 vs 0/158; p < 0.001) and/or impaired sight due to blood or fluids (21/168 vs 3/158; p < 0.001). When GlideScope intubation failed, direct laryngoscopy was successful in 61 of 64 patients (95.3%), whereas GlideScope enabled intubation in four of six cases (66.7%) where direct laryngoscopy failed (p = 0.055). In addition, GlideScope was prone to impaired visualization of the monitor because of ambient light (29/168; 17.3%). There was no correlation between success rates and body mass index, age, indication for airway management, or experience of the physicians, respectively. Conclusions: Video laryngoscopy is an established tool in difficult airway management, but our results shed light on the specific problems in the emergency medical service setting. Prehospital use of the GlideScope was associated with some major problems, thus resulting in a lower intubation success rate when compared with direct laryngoscopy.
Multiway decision tree induction using projection and merging (MPEG)

Decision trees are one of the most popular and commonly used classification models. Many algorithms have been designed to build decision trees in the last twenty years. These algorithms are categorized into two groups according to the type of the trees they build, binary and multiway trees. In this paper, a new algorithm, MPEG, is designed to build multiway trees. MPEG uses DBMS indices and optimized query to access the dataset it works on, hence it has few memory requirements and no restrictions on sizes of datasets. Projection of examples over attribute values, merging of generated partitions using class values, applying GINI index to select among different attributes and finally post pruning using EBP method, are the basic steps of MPEG. The trees built by MPEG have the advantages of binary trees as being accurate, small in size and the advantages of multiway trees as being compact and easy to be comprehended by humans
Emerging and Novel Functions of Complement Protein C1q

Complement protein C1q, the recognition molecule of the classical pathway, performs a diverse range of complement and non-complement functions. It can bind various ligands derived from self, non-self, and altered self and modulate the functions of immune and non-immune cells including dendritic cells and microglia. C1q involvement in the clearance of apoptotic cells and subsequent B cell tolerance is more established now. Recent evidence appears to suggest that C1q plays an important role in pregnancy where its deficiency and dysregulation can have adverse effects, leading to preeclampsia, missed abortion, miscarriage or spontaneous loss, and various infections. C1q is also produced locally in the central nervous system, and has a protective role against pathogens and possible inflammatory functions while interacting with aggregated proteins leading to neurodegenerative diseases. C1q role in synaptic pruning, and thus CNS development, its anti-cancer effects as an immune surveillance molecule, and possibly in aging are currently areas of extensive research.
Research of attitudes of the students studying in schools of physical education and sport toward disabled kids

This is a scientific study to analyze the attitudes of the students studying in schools of physical education and sports toward disabled children. In total 202 students (99 women, 103 men) who have attended to faculty of Physical Education and Sports of Gaziantep University participated in the research. Attitude Scale for kids with mental disabilities developed by Sungu was used in order to get the data of the research. Descriptive statistics for analysis of the data, Mann Whitney U test for pair group and Kruskall Wallis analysis for multiple groups were applied. The results of the research have indicated that students in schools of physical education and sports have sympathetic feelings for disabled children and favorable opinions for these kids to attend in icebreaker activities and education programs. No difference between the attitudes of different age, sex or grade groups were observed. It has also showed that the students who had had work experiences with disabled children before had more fear. Besides, it proved that the sport educations with disabled children provide students to have more positive attitudes. It has been concluded that the ones who claimed to be able to work with disabled children had higher marks.
Gender differences in factors of social control and rational choice

Although previous research in the area of rational choice and social control has often included gender as a control variable, few studies have reported statistical tests for difference in associations between key variables and offending for men and women. Using scenario data from a sample of university students, this study examines gender differences in levels of explanatory variables and identifies significant gender differences in the effects that these variables have on intentions to commit drunk driving and shoplifting. Findings show significant gender differences in mean scores for virtually all of the variables; furthermore, certain variables have stronger effects on intentions to offend for women than for men, and vice versa. The influence of some internal controls and motivations appears to be significantly more pronounced in predicting women's intentions to drive drunk and shoplift, whereas men's intentions to shoplift are more affected by prior offending. Findings also indicate that perceived th.
EXACON: A Fortran 77 Program for the Exact Analysis of Single Cells in a Contingency Table

A program named EXACON is presented which performs exact cellwise analyses of two-way contingency tables. EXACON is written in FORTRAN 77 and is interactive. One-tailed probabilities are computed for the observed frequency of each cell according to two different probability models, one being Fisher's exact test for a 2 x 2 table. Despite the fact that exact probabilities are computed, EXACON does not demand much computer time even for fairly large samples.
The multimillennial sea-level commitment of global warming

Global mean sea level has been steadily rising over the last century, is projected to increase by the end of this century, and will continue to rise beyond the year 2100 unless the current global mean temperature trend is reversed. Inertia in the climate and global carbon system, however, causes the global mean temperature to decline slowly even after greenhouse gas emissions have ceased, raising the question of how much sea-level commitment is expected for different levels of global mean temperature increase above preindustrial levels. Although sea-level rise over the last century has been dominated by ocean warming and loss of glaciers, the sensitivity suggested from records of past sea levels indicates important contributions should also be expected from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets. Uncertainties in the paleo-reconstructions, however, necessitate additional strategies to better constrain the sea-level commitment. Here we combine paleo-evidence with simulations from physical models to estimate the future sea-level commitment on a multimillennial time scale and compute associated regional sea-level patterns. Oceanic thermal expansion and the Antarctic Ice Sheet contribute quasi-linearly, with 0.4 m °C−1 and 1.2 m °C−1 of warming, respectively. The saturation of the contribution from glaciers is overcompensated by the nonlinear response of the Greenland Ice Sheet. As a consequence we are committed to a sea-level rise of approximately 2.3 m °C−1 within the next 2,000 y. Considering the lifetime of anthropogenic greenhouse gases, this imposes the need for fundamental adaptation strategies on multicentennial time scales.
Resource-bounded genericity

Resource-bounded genericity concepts have been introduced by Ambos-Spies, Fleischhack and Huwig (1984, 1988), Lutz (1990), and Fenner (1991). Though it was known that these concepts are incompatible, the relations among these notions were not fully understood. We survey these notions and clarify the relations among them by specifying the types of diagonalizations captured by the individual concepts. Moreover, we introduce new, stronger resource-bounded genericity concepts corresponding to the fundamental diagonalization concepts in complexity theory. In particular we introduce general genericity, which generalizes the previous concepts and captures both standard finite extension arguments and slow diagonalizations. As we also point out, however, there is no strongest resource-bounded genericity concept. This is shown by giving a strict hierarchy of genericity notions corresponding to delayed diagonalizations. Finally we study some properties of the Baire category notions on E induced by the genericity concepts and we point out the relations between resource-bounded genericity and resource-bounded randomness.
Paraconsistent Double Negation That Can Simulate Classical Negation

A new classical paraconsistent logic (CP), which is a variant of Nelson's paraconsistent four-valued logic, is introduced as a Gentzen-type sequent calculus. The logic CP can simulate the classical negation in classical logic by paraconsistent double negation in CP. Some theorems for syntactically and semantically embedding CP into a Gentzen-type sequent calculus LK for classical logic and vice versa are proved. The cut-elimination and completeness theorems for CP are also shown using these embedding theorems.
Impact of the New Malaysian Cigarette Pack Warnings on Smokers’ Awareness of Health Risks and Interest in Quitting Smoking

The objective of this research was to compare the response of adult smokers in Malaysia to newly proposed pictorial cigarette warnings against the current text-only warnings. The study population included 140 adult male smokers who were enrolled in a randomized trial to view either the new pictorial warnings (intervention) or the old text-only warnings (control). Participants completed pre-exposure and post-exposure questionnaires that assessed their awareness of the health risks of smoking, response to the package warnings, and interest in quitting smoking. Exposure to the pictorial warnings resulted in increased awareness of the risks of smoking, stronger behavioral response to the warnings and increased interest in quitting smoking. The new warnings in Malaysia will increase smokers’ knowledge of the adverse health effects of smoking and have a positive effect on interest in quitting.
Information Seeking and Emotional Reactions to the September 11 Terrorist Attacks

Based on uncertainty reduction theory, this paper argues that individuals were motivated to seek information and learn about the September 11 terrorist attacks to reduce uncertainty about what happened. Results from a panel survey indicate that negative emotional response was a strong predictor of efforts to learn. Analyses also show that relative increases in newspaper, television, and Internet use from Wave 1 to Wave 2 were positively related to efforts to learn about the attacks. The findings extend uncertainty reduction theory to the mass media context thereby contributing to our understanding of uses and gratifications.
Do Both Negative and Positive Environmental Scenes Elicit Rapid Affective Processing?

A priming paradigm was used to investigate the automatic affective reaction triggered by perception of environmental scenes. Grayscale pictures of environmental scenes differing in the level of restorativeness and preference (low, medium, high) were presented as prime stimuli. The prime stimuli were followed by presentations of human facial expressions of happiness and anger as to-be-recognized target stimuli. The results showed that response times to angry faces were shorter after the presentation of negative scenes compared to positive. A reverse pattern of results was true for the response times to happy faces. As compared to the response times after baseline primers (scenes with medium restorativeness/preference), only negative scenes seemed to result in facilitation of responses to facial expressions of anger. No such facilitation was observed for expressions of happiness after positive environmental primers. The results provide preliminary support for the view that only negative environmental scenes elicit an automatic evaluative reaction.
MODOMICS: a database of RNA modification pathways—2013 update

MODOMICS is a database of RNA modifications that provides comprehensive information concerning the chemical structures of modified ribonucleosides, their biosynthetic pathways, RNA-modifying enzymes and location of modified residues in RNA sequences. In the current database version, accessible at http://modomics.genesilico. pl, we included new features: a census of human and yeast snoRNAs involved in RNA-guided RNA modification, a new section covering the 5′-end capping process, and a catalogue of ‘building blocks’ for chemical synthesis of a large variety of modified nucleosides. The MODOMICS collections of RNA modifications, RNA-modifying enzymes and modified RNAs have been also updated. A number of newly identified modified ribonucleosides and more than one hundred functionally and structurally characterized proteins from various organisms have been added. In the RNA sequences section, snRNAs and snoRNAs with experimentally mapped modified nucleosides have been added and the current collection of rRNA and tRNA sequences has been substantially enlarged. To facilitate literature searches, each record in MODOMICS has been cross-referenced to other databases and to selected key publications. New options for database searching and querying have been implemented, including a BLAST search of protein sequences and a PARALIGN search of the collected nucleic acid sequences.
Student recruitment strategies in higher education: promoting excellence and diversity?

Purpose – This paper seeks to analyse how excellence and diversity are addressed in student recruitment strategies, and how these strategies are developed in eight Norwegian higher education institutions.Design/methodology/approach – The study utilises a theoretical perspective that asserts that strategy is developed through practice. The authors have combined document analysis with qualitative interviews to investigate the development of institutional student recruitment strategies, their characteristics and their links to the individual institution's profile and ambitions.Findings – The study reveals that student recruitment strategies are often grounded in inherent institutional identities, while at the same time responding to external ideas about excellence and diversity. The study also finds that higher education institutions show significant creativity in trying to adapt to these ideas and general trends, while at the same time maintaining their own characteristics and traditions. Findings suggest t.
Performance Evaluation of District Energy Microgrids Planning Tool for Non-Technical Users

Community Microgrids are increasingly gaining popularity worldwide for their efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and local resilience improvement. Microgrid planning tools play a crucial role in their deployment. In the process, tentative designs of the microgrid are simulated, analyzed, and optimized. Due to the complexity of the problem, planning tools must carefully balance computational efficiency while seeking the most optimal solutions. This paper investigates the impact of algorithm selection on CPU and memory utilization of a Community Microgrid planning tool that is specifically designed for non-technical users. We compare two version of the code with two alternatives for Community Microgrid planning tools: a Greedy Algorithm, and a Linear Programming Approach. This comparison examines scenarios spanning from 2 to 50 buildings. Our findings revealed a significant difference in performance between the two algorithms, underscoring the critical role of algorithm selection in optimizing the efficiency of Community Microgrid Planning Tools.