Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Janus-faced micro and nanopillars for geometry and surface chemistry controllable bioinspired dry adhesives

Janus-faced pillar structures are a new class of bioinspired dry adhesives based on the exploitation of unique physical and chemical properties when two different materials are placed on two opposite faces. Using Janus-faced high aspect ratio (HAR) pillars, it is possible to control the geometry and surface chemistry that are key factors in designing gecko-inspired artificial dry adhesives with high performance. In this review, first, we revisit the conventional fabrication techniques for homogeneous, angled HAR structures. Second, we present the fabrication methods for Janus-faced micro and nanopillars via physical and chemical modification of one of the faces. Third, we discuss the geometric features of Janus-faced structures with bending mechanisms of the pillars and the selection of contacting faces. Finally, we cover the theoretical and practical viewpoints of adhesion behavior with a particular focus on the role of work of adhesion, tilt angle, and adhesion hysteresis. We emphasize that Janus-faced structures potentially provide powerful systems to control anisotropic adhesion behavior by taking advantage of both physical and chemical aspects of the angled structures.
Identification and justification of abnormal electric load data based on density evaluation

There are usually a number of abnormal data in the electric load database derived from the SCADA system, thus it is necessary to identify and justify them before the load data are used for electric load forecasting or power system analysis. Considering both horizontal and vertical continuity of the electric load, a density evaluation based method is proposed to identify and justify abnormal data in two dimensions as a whole. The feasibility and efficiency of the developed method has been demonstrated by simulation results.
Hybrid Hydrogels Intended as Scaffolds for Soft Tissue Repair

This work describes the investigation of the properties of hydrogels based on methacrylamide-modified gelatin (GelMA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with potential applications in wound treatment. While the semi-natural polymer insures the biocompatibility and biodegradability of the synthesized materials, the synthetic polymer was selected due to its water affinity and interesting mechanical properties. The efficiency of the polymerization process and the stability of the PVP within the semi interpenetrated polymer network (semiIPN) were verified through gel fraction study. The water affinity, tensile strength and rheological properties of the hydrogels were also investigated.
Analog network coding in the generalized high-SNR regime

In a recent paper [4], Maríc et al. analyzed the performance of the analog network coding (ANC) in a layered relay network for the high-SNR regime. They have proved that under the ANC scheme, if each relay transmits the received signals at the upper bound of the power constraint, the transmission rate will approach the network capacity. In this paper, we consider a more general scenario defined as the generalized high-SNR regime, where the relays at layer l in a layered relay network with L layers do not satisfy the high-SNR conditions, and then determine an ANC relay scheme in such network. By relating the received SNR at the nodes with the propagated noise, we derive the rate achievable by the ANC scheme proposed in this paper. The result shows that the achievable ANC rate approaches the upper bound of the ANC capacity as the received powers at relays in high SNR increase. A comparison of the two ANC schemes implies that the scheme proposed in [4] may not always be the optimal one in the generalized high-SNR regime. The result also demonstrates that the upper and lower bounds of the ANC rate coincide in the limit as the number of relays at layer L-1 dissatisfying the high-SNR conditions tends to infinity (to be infinite), yielding an asymptotic capacity result.
GRACE: An Autonomous Robot for the AAAI Robot Challenge

In an attempt to solve as much of the AAAI Robot Challenge as possible, five research institutions representing academia, industry, and government integrated their research into a single robot named GRACE. This article describes this first-year effort by the GRACE team, including not only the various techniques each participant brought to GRACE but also the difficult integration effort itself.
The crystal structure of rubisco from Alcaligenes eutrophus reveals a novel central eight-stranded beta-barrel formed by beta-strands from four subunits.

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) is involved in photosynthesis where it catalyzes the initial step in the fixation of carbon dioxide. The enzyme also catalyzes a competing oxygenation reaction leading to loss of fixed carbon dioxide, thus reducing the net efficiency of photosynthesis significantly. Rubisco has therefore been studied extensively, and a challenging goal is the engineering of a more photosynthetically efficient enzyme. Hexadecameric rubiscos fall in two distinct groups, "green-like" and "red-like". The ability to discriminate between CO2 and O2 as substrates varies significantly, and some algae have red-like rubisco with even higher specificity for CO2 than the plant enzyme. The structure of unactivated rubisco from Alcaligenes eutrophus has been determined to 2.7 A resolution by molecular replacement and refined to R and Rfree values of 26.6 and 32.2 %, respectively. The overall fold of the protein is very similar to the rubisco structures solved previously for green-like hexadecameric enzymes, except for the extended C-terminal domains of the small subunits which together form an eight-stranded beta-barrel which sits as a plug in the entrance to the central solvent channel in the molecule. The present structure is the first which has been solved for a red-like rubisco and is likely to represent a fold which is common for this group. The small subunits in general are believed to have a stabilizing effect, and the new quaternary structure in the oligomer of the present structure is likely to contribute even more to this stabilization of the assembled rubisco protein.
Comparative Studies of Mechanical and Interfacial Properties Between Jute Fiber/PVC and E-Glass Fiber/PVC Composites

Composites (50 wt% fiber) of jute fiber reinforced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) matrix and E-glass fiber reinforced PVC matrix were prepared by compression molding. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), bending strength (BS), bending modulus (BM) and impact strength (IS) of both types of composites was evaluated and compared. Values of TS, TM, BS, BM and IS of jute fiber/PVC composites were found to be 45 MPa, 802 MPa, 46 MPa, 850 MPa and 24 kJ/m2, respectively. It was observed that TS, TM, BS, BM and IS of E-glass fiber/PVC composites were found to increase by 44, 80, 47, 92 and 37.5%, respectively. Thermal properties of the composites were also carried out, which revealed that thermal stability of E-glass fiber/PVC system was higher. The interfacial adhesion between the fibers (jute and E-glass) and matrix was studied by means of critical fiber length and interfacial shear strength that were measured by single fiber fragmentation test. Fracture sides after flexural testing of both types of the composites were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy.
On the equational consistency of order-theoretic models of the lambda-calculus

Answering a question by Honsell and Plotkin, we show that there are two equations between lambda terms, the so-called subtractive equations, consistent with lambda calculus but not satisfied in any partially ordered model with bottom element. We also relate the subtractive equations to the open problem of the order-incompleteness of lambda calculus.
Maternal effect mutations of the sponge locus affect actin cytoskeletal rearrangements in Drosophila melanogaster embryos

In the syncytial blastoderm stage of Drosophila embryogenesis, dome- shaped actin "caps" are observed above the interphase nuclei. During mitosis, this actin rearranges to participate in the formation of pseudocleavage furrows, transient membranous invaginations between dividing nuclei. Embryos laid by homozygous sponge mothers lack these characteristic actin structures, but retain other actin associated structures and processes. Our results indicate that the sponge product is specifically required for the formation of actin caps and metaphase furrows. The specificity of the sponge phenotype permits dissection of both the process of actin cap formation and the functions of actin caps and metaphase furrows. Our data demonstrate that the distribution of actin binding protein 13D2 is unaffected in sponge embryos and suggest that 13D2 is upstream of actin in cortical cap assembly. Although actin caps and metaphase furrows have been implicated in maintaining the fidelity of nuclear division and the positions of nuclei within the cortex, our observations indicate that these structures are dispensible during the early syncytial blastoderm cell cycles. A later requirement for actin metaphase furrows in preventing the nucleation of mitotic spindles between inappropriate centrosomes is observed. Furthermore, the formation of actin caps and metaphase furrows is not a prerequisite for the formation of the hexagonal array of actin instrumental in the conversion of the syncytial embryo into a cellular blastoderm.
Post-traumatic stress disorder following disasters: a systematic review

Background Disasters are traumatic events that may result in a wide range of mental and physical health consequences. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is probably the most commonly studied post-disaster psychiatric disorder. This review aimed to systematically assess the evidence about PTSD following exposure to disasters. Method A systematic search was performed. Eligible studies for this review included reports based on the DSM criteria of PTSD symptoms. The time-frame for inclusion of reports in this review is from 1980 (when PTSD was first introduced in DSM-III) and February 2007 when the literature search for this examination was terminated. Results We identified 284 reports of PTSD following disasters published in peer-reviewed journals since 1980. We categorized them according to the following classification: (1) human-made disasters (n=90), (2) technological disasters (n=65), and (3) natural disasters (n=116). Since some studies reported on findings from mixed samples (e.g. survivors of flooding and chemical contamination) we grouped these studies together (n=13). Conclusions The body of research conducted after disasters in the past three decades suggests that the burden of PTSD among persons exposed to disasters is substantial. Post-disaster PTSD is associated with a range of correlates including sociodemographic and background factors, event exposure characteristics, social support factors and personality traits. Relatively few studies have employed longitudinal assessments enabling documentation of the course of PTSD. Methodological limitations and future directions for research in this field are discussed.
Immediate changes in blood-gas tensions during chest physiotherapy with positive expiratory pressure and oscillating positive expiratory pressure in patients with cystic fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE To assess and compare immediate effects of chest physiotherapy with positive expiratory pressure (PEP) versus oscillating PEP on transcutaneously measured blood-gas tensions in patients with cystic fibrosis. METHODS Fifteen patients (mean age 12.5 y, range 6.9-21.5 y) participated. The treatments were randomized and performed on 2 separate occasions, 8 weeks apart. Spirometry was conducted before and after each treatment. We transcutaneously measured oxygen tension (P(tO2). RESULTS There were no changes in spirometry values. During PEP, different trends in blood-gas tension were seen, and there were no consistent changes. During oscillating PEP, P(tO2) increased and P(tCO2) decreased. During oscillating PEP, P(tCO2) was lower and the intra-individual change in P(tCO2) was more pronounced than during PEP. The results obtained immediately after oscillating PEP showed a higher P(tO2) and a lower P(tCO2) than with PEP. CONCLUSION PEP and oscillating PEP can both cause transitory effects on blood gases in patients with cystic fibrosis. However, oscillating PEP alters blood-gas tensions more than does PEP, and hyperventilation during oscillating PEP may reduce treatment time.
Mechanisms of Extracellular Matrix Scaffold Remodeling

Scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) and derived from various species and various organs have been shown to promote constructive, site-specific tissue remodeling in pre-clinical studies and clinical use, including musculoskeletal, urogenital, dermal, cardiovascular, and neural applications. Despite extensive study, the mechanisms of the remodeling process are still not thoroughly understood. The goals of this dissertation were to elucidate the role of mechanical loading in the remodeling of ECM scaffolds and the role of bone marrow derived cells in the remodeling process. To better understand the role of mechanical loading on the remodeling of an ECM scaffold, an ECM scaffold derived from the porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS-ECM) was seeded with fibroblasts and subjected to a variety of magnitudes and frequencies of cyclic strain using a custom designed Cyclic Stretching Tissue Culture system. The magnitudes of stretch were based on a study of the collagen fiber kinematics of the SIS-ECM under uniaxial and biaxial loading conditions. The cyclic loading experiments showed that mechanical loading led to expression of matrix related genes that was consistent with a constructive remodeling response with increased expression of collagen type I (Col I), a-smooth muscle actin (SMA), and tenascin-C (TN-C), as well as decreased expression of collagen type III (Col III). It was also found that bone marrow cells were recruited to the site of ECM remodeling and that the cells remained at the site of remodeling for 16 weeks after implantation, unlike an autologous tendon repair. Furthermore, it was found that the bone marrow derived cells did not express the hematopoietic marker CD45, but did express Col I, Col III, and SMA. The cells did not show the same expression pattern as normal tendon fibroblast (Col I+, TN-C+), suggesting that the cells differentiated towards a myofibroblastic cell as opposed to a normal fibroblast. The results of this study show that an ECM scaffold recruits a bone marrow derived mesenchymal progenitor to the site of remodeling, and that those cells differentiate into site specific tissue as a result of mechanical and biochemical cues.
Zinc Oxide: Fundamentals, Materials and Device Technology

Preface 1 General Properties of ZnO 1.1 Crystal Structure 1.2 Lattice Parameters 1.3 Electronic Band Structure 1.4 Mechanical Properties 1.5 Vibrational Properties 1.6 Thermal Properties 1.7 Electrical Properties of Undoped ZnO 2 ZnO Growth 2.1 Bulk Growth 2.2 Substrates 2.3 Epitaxial Growth Techniques 3 Optical Properties 3.1 Optical Processes in Semiconductors 3.2 Optical Transitions in ZnO 3.3 Defects in ZnO 3.4 Refractive Index of ZnO and MgZnO 3.5 Stimulated Emission in ZnO 3.6 Recombination Dynamics in ZnO 3.7 Nonlinear Optical Properties 4 Doping of ZnO 4.1 n-Type Doping 4.2 p-Type Doping 5 ZnO-Based Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors 5.1 Doping with Transition Metals 5.2 General Remarks about Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors 5.3 Classification of Magnetic Materials 5.4 A Brief Theory of Magnetization 5.5 Dilute Magnetic Semiconductor Theoretical Aspects 5.6 Measurements Techniques for Identification of Ferromagnetism 5.7 Magnetic Interactions in DMS 5.8 Theoretical Studies on ZnO-Based Magnetic Semiconductors 5.9 Experimental Results on ZnO-Based Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors 6 Bandgap Engineering 6.1 MgxZn1-xO Alloy 6.2 BexZn1-xO Alloy 6.3 CdyZn1-yO Alloy 7 ZnO Nanostructures 7.1 Synthesis of ZnO Nanostructures 7.2 Applications of ZnO Nanostructures 8 Processing, Devices, and Heterostructures 8.1 A Primer to Semiconductor-Metal Contacts 8.2 Ohmic Contacts to ZnO 8.3 Schottky Contacts to ZnO 8.4 Etching of ZnO 8.5 Heterostructure Devices 8.6 Piezoelectric Devices 8.7 Sensors and Solar Cells Based on ZnO Nanostructures 8.8 Concluding Remarks
A bayesian approach to analysis of limit standards

Limit standards are probabilistic requirements or benchmarks regarding the proportion of replications conforming or not conforming to a desired threshold. Sample proportions resulting from the analysis of replications are known to be beta distributed. As a result, standard constructs for defining a confidence interval on such a proportion, based on critical points from the normal or Student's t distribution, are increasingly inaccurate as the mean sample proportion approaches the limits of 0 or 1. We consider the Bayesian relationship between the beta and binomial distributions as the foundation for a sequential methodology in the analysis of limit standards. The benefits of using the beta distribution methodology are variance reduction, and smaller sample size (when compared to other analysis methodologies).
Learning Stylistic Dynamic Movement Primitives from multiple demonstrations

In this paper, we propose a novel concept of movement primitives called Stylistic Dynamic Movement Primitives (SDMPs) for motor learning and control in humanoid robotics. In the SDMPs, a diversity of styles in human motion observed through multiple demonstrations can be compactly encoded in a movement primitive, and this allows style manipulation of motion sequences generated from the movement primitive by a control variable called a style parameter. Focusing on discrete movements, a model of the SDMPs is presented as an extension of Dynamic Movement Primitives (DMPs) proposed by Ijspeert et al. [1]. A novel learning procedure of the SDMPs from multiple demonstrations, including a diversity of motion styles, is also described. We present two practical applications of the SDMPs, i.e., stylistic table tennis swings and obstacle avoidance with an anthropomorphic manipulator.
Linearized Silicon Modulator Based on a Ring Assisted Mach Zehnder Inteferometer References and Links

We demonstrate a Linearized Ring Assisted Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (L-RAMZI) modulator in a miniature silicon device. We measure a record high degree of linearization for a silicon device, with a Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) of 106dB/Hz 2/3 at 1GHz, and 99dB/Hz 2/3 at 10GHz. Limits on the performance of RF-over-fiber links and their impact on device design, " IEEE Trans. Analog characterization of low-voltage MQW traveling-wave electroabsorption modulators, " J. Ultra-low capacitance and high speed germanium photodetectors on silicon, " Opt. A continuous-wave raman silicon laser, " Nature 433, 725–728 (2005). Toward a germanium laser for integrated silicon photonics, " IEEE J. Highly linear silicon traveling wave Mach-Zehnder carrier depletion modulator based on differential drive, " Opt. Linearity of silicon ring modulators for analog optical links, " Opt.
TFET-Based Circuit Design Using the Transconductance Generation Efficiency  $ {g}_{m}/ {I}_{d}$  Method

Tunnel field effect transistors (TFETs) have emerged as one of the most promising post-CMOS transistor technologies. In this paper, we: 1) review the perspectives of such devices for low-power high-frequency analog integrated circuit applications (e.g., GHz operation with sub-0.1 mW power consumption); 2) discuss and employ a compact TFET device model in the context of the gm/Id integrated analog circuit design methodology; and 3) compare several proposed TFET technologies for such applications. The advantages of TFETs arise since these devices can operate in the sub-threshold region with larger transconductance-to-current ratio than traditional FETs, which is due to the current turn-on mechanism being interband tunneling rather than thermionic emission. Starting from technology computer-aided design and/or analytical models for Si-FinFETs, graphene nano-ribbon (GNR) TFETs and InAs/GaSb TFETs at the 15-nm gate-length node, as well as InAs double-gate TFETs at the 20-nm gate-length node, we conclude that GNR TFETs might promise larger bandwidths at low-voltage drives due to their high current densities in the sub-threshold region. Based on this analysis and on theoretically predicted properties, GNR TFETs are identified as one of the most attractive field effect transistor technologies proposed-to-date for ultra-low power analog applications.
P210 and P190BCR/ABL Induce the Tyrosine Phosphorylation and DNA Binding Activity of Multiple Specific STAT Family Members*

The products of the Philadelphia chromosome translocation, P210 and P190BCR/ABL, are cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases that share the ability to transform hematopoietic cytokine-dependent cell lines to cytokine independence but differ in the spectrum of leukemia induced in vivo. We have analyzed the Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways in hematopoietic cells transformed by Bcr/Abl. STAT5 and, to a lesser extent, STATs 1 and 3 were constitutively activated by tyrosine phosphorylation and induction of DNA binding activity in both P210 and P190BCR/ABL-transformed cells, but P190 differed in that it also prominently activated STAT6. There was low level tyrosine phosphorylation of JAKs 1, 2, and 3 in Bcr/Abl-transformed cells, but no detectable complex formation with Bcr/Abl, and activation of STAT5 by P210 was not blocked by two different dominant-negative JAK mutants. These results suggest that P210 and P190BCR/ABL directly activate specific STAT family members and may help explain their overlapping yet distinct roles in leukemogenesis.
Distributed intrusion detection system based on anticipation and prediction approach

Despite the importance and reputation of the current intrusion detection systems, their efficiency and effectiveness remain limited as they rely on passive defensive approaches. In fact, when an intrusion is detected by the IDS, it is already happened on the network and the time required to update security rules is usually short, which provide opportunity to the attacker to inflict damages that may paralyze the network. For this purpose we suggest a new approach of distributed intrusion detection system to wisely anticipate and predict intrusions before their first occurrence in the network to secure. Our approach is based on intelligent agents and using honeypot technology to gather a vast scope of information about attacks. Moreover it combines the two detection strategies “anomaly approach and misuse approach”.
Enhancing CORBA's Naming Service without Modifying its IDL-Interface

In this paper, we would like to present a smooth way of enhancing the functionality of the CORBA Naming Service. The key element of our design is to leave the IDL interface of the Naming Service unchanged. The enhancements introduced in this paper are based on the exploitation of several underspecified parts of the CORBA standard, in a way that conformity with the standard and the corresponding benefits of reusability (of existing clients and servers) are guaranteed.