Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using User Experience Metrics for Academic Management System of University of Baghdad

Interface evaluation has been the subject of extensive study and research in human-computer interaction (HCI). It is a crucial tool for promoting the idea that user engagement with computers should resemble casual conversations and interactions between individuals, according to specialists in the field. Researchers in the HCI field initially focused on making various computer interfaces more usable, thus improving the user experience. This study's objectives were to evaluate and enhance the user interface of the University of Baghdad's implementation of an online academic management system using the effectiveness, time-based efficiency, and satisfaction rates that comply with the task questionnaire process. We made a variety of interfaces for the system's interface and selected the best ones based on the study's findings. This study will show how user-friendly our interface will be for those with little to no computer experience. 24 participants participated in the usability testing to evaluate the system's functionality. The results demonstrate excellent usability with a participation error rate of 33.3% and an efficacy rate of 71.43%. Furthermore, some suggestions are given for enhancing our university system's human-computer interaction metrics.
On the Relationship between the Permeability Parameters of Gases and Vapors of C1-C4 Aliphatic Alcohols in Hydrophobic Polymeric Membranes

A correlation approach for the evaluation of permeability, diffusion and solubility coefficients of lower aliphatic alcohols in polymeric membranes using basic parameters of gas transfer is proposed in this work. Previously published results of experimental study of water, ethanol and n-butanol vapors transfer in hydrophobic membranes based on glassy polymers as well as obtained new experimental data on vapor permeability of methanol, n-propanol and gases were critically reviewed. An attempt to demonstrate correlation of selective gas and vapor transfer parameters of membranes is made in the present study. The establishment of correlation of permeability of gases and C1-C4 aliphatic alcohols vapors in hydrophobic polymeric membranes allows to use available methods and data of gas transfer characteristics of membrane materials and membranes for estimation of the vapor separation properties, e.g., modern Data Base for gas permeability parameters of polymers can be used for evaluation of the membrane separation potential in relation to lower aliphatic alcohols. The hydrophobic polymers were selected in order to avoid specific interactions between alcohols and polymer (such as strong induction, dipole-dipole interactions and H-bond creation). Results include a preliminary estimation of diffusion coefficients of water and C1-C4 alcohols vapors on the basis of correlation analysis that was previously proposed for the estimation of gas transport parameters. The proposed approach allows to explain the observed characteristics of the mentioned vapors permeability in polymeric membranes and to show new relations of gases and vapors transfer in membranes. It seems that obtained results will be useful for the development of vapor-phase membrane methods of organic substances separation.
Tracking Events as an Add-On Functionality of the Routed DEVS Formalism

The Routed DEVS (RDEVS) models improve traditional discrete-event models by enhancing the development of routing processes over predefined behaviors. This paper provides a novel solution for tracking events flowing in such routing processes as a new functionality of the RDEVS formalism. Such functionality is given by redesigning the original formalism following the “Decorator” pattern. An implementation of the redesign is developed as part of the RDEVS Java Library. As a result, we provide a solution that allows getting structured data from RDEVS models at execution time without changing their expected behavior or the simulator engine.
Concentrations of heavy metals and pesticide residues in leafy vegetables and implications for peri-urban farming in Nairobi, Kenya

The primary objective of this study was to assess the levels of heavy metals, nitrate, and pesticide residues in kale (Brassicaolaracea var. olecephala), a leafy vegetable. The study was conducted in three peri-urban sites in Nairobi, Kenya, where the use of wastewater irrigation is pervasive. The results indicated elevated levels of boron (B), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) in vegetables irrigated with wastewater in two sites. High loadings of the heavy metals Ni, arsenic (As), Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn into agricultural soils were demonstrated to be from chicken manure. Nitrate levels were within acceptable daily intakes. Residues of diazinon, cypermethrin, biternol, and profenofos pesticides exceeded permissible maximum residue limits in kale at one site. Study findings suggest that consumers of vegetables grown in wastewater-irrigated soils may ingest significant amounts of heavy metals and pesticides. Considering these findings, reducing heavy metal deposits into soils should be a strategic aim of soil protection policies in Kenya.
The Concept of a City Bike Network Management System Using Fuzzy Sets

Sustainable transport is the concept of efficient, low-cost transportation that minimizes the harmful impact of vehicles on the environment. One of the main ideas is to control exhaust emissions and promote means of transport that use renewable energy. Although the car is still the most popular, in the city it should not be the basis of our transportation. Examples of sustainable transportation include walking, bicycling, or riding a scooter. An increasing number of cities are opting for bike or scooter sharing systems. There is a need to develop a good management system for city rental vehicle networks to encourage and facilitate the use of sustainable means of transport by residents. In this study, the initial assumptions of a city bike network management system are presented. With the skillful use of fuzzy techniques, a method for predicting the travel speed and the availability of a destination station has been developed. In a series of numerical experiments, the high performance of the proposed approach is confirmed.
Archaean to Proterozoic Crustal Evolution in the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt (South Africa^Botswana): Constraints from Combined U^Pb and Lu^Hf Isotope Analyses of Zircon

A combined set of U^Pb and Lu^Hf in situ laser ablation ICP-(MC)-MS zircon analyses were obtained from orthogneisses and granitoids in the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt, which comprises the Beit Bridge and Mahalapye complexes. The results indicate that by combining the two isotope systems primary magmatic zircon domains can be distinguished from those formed during later metamorphic events, even if the distinct zircon domains underwent multiple Pb loss and the texture^age relationships, as obtained by cathodoluminescence images and U^Pb analyses, are ambiguous. Furthermore, the applied technique allows distinction of zircon grains formed in juvenile magmas from those generated by melting of older continental crust or affected by substantial crustal contamination. The combined U^Pb and Lu^Hf data reveal that the Sand River gneiss suite of the Beit Bridge Complex was emplaced at 3283 8Ma and formed from melting of an older Archaean crust, which was derived from a depleted mantle source at around 3 65 Ga.The hafnium model age (TDM) is significantly older than those obtained from zircons from numerous Neoarchaean granitoids of the Beit Bridge Complex, comprising the Singelele gneiss (2647 12Ma), the Bulai granite (2612 7Ma), the Regina gneiss (2649 9Ma) and two samples of the Zanzibar gneiss (2613 6Ma). These granitoids show initial eHf(t) values between þ 0 5 and 7 1, which correspond to initialTDM between 3 46 and 3 01Ga. These variable TDMinitial and eHf(t)initial values are interpreted to be the result of different mixtures of reworked 3 65 Ga Palaeoarchaean crust with juvenile magmas extracted from the depleted mantle during the Neoarchaean at 2 65 Ga.This conclusion is supported by results obtained from the Mahalapye Complex, which was affected by migmatization and granite intrusions during the Palaeoproterozoic at 2 02^2 06 Ga. The Mokgware granite (2019 9Ma) contains zircon xenocrysts with Pb^Pb ages of 2 52^2 65 Ga and 2 93 Ga and hafnium model ages of 3 0^3 4 Ga, indicating that this granite is derived from remelting of Archaean crust. In contrast, uniformTDM Hf initial ages of 2 61^2 67 Ga obtained from a diorite gneiss (2061 6Ma) of the Mahalapye Complex indicate that its protolith may have been formed from remelting of a Neoarchaean juvenile crust. Variable eHf(t)initial values from 3 7 to þ6 3 of zircon cores (2711 11Ma) in an adjacent leucosome also support a model of mixing of juvenile mantle derived matter with older crust in the Neoarchaean.
Error-feedback regulation of a distributed parameter cracking process by using a spectral approach

The paper focuses on controlling a distributed parameter cracking process using state and error feedback regulators. The principal aim is to accomplish tracking of a desired output while effectively managing disturbances that arise from a distributed parameter exosystem. A stabilizing regulator with state feedback is developed to drive the process output towards the reference trajectory. Another goal is to construct a dynamic controller that takes the tracking error as manipulated variable, for which it is proven that the feedback controlled system is exponentially stable and that the error gradually approaches zero over time. The achievement of the algorithm is presented via numerical simulations.
Identification of a Pentasaccharide Lead Compound with High Affinity to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein via In Silico Screening

The spike (S) protein on the surface of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is critical to mediate fusion with the host cell membrane through interaction with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Additionally, heparan sulfate (HS) on the host cell surface acts as an attachment factor to facilitate the binding of the S receptor binding domain (RBD) to the ACE2 receptor. Aiming at interfering with the HS-RBD interaction to protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection, we have established a pentasaccharide library composed of 14,112 compounds covering the possible sulfate substitutions on the three sugar units (GlcA, IdoA, and GlcN) of HS. The library was used for virtual screening against RBD domains of SARS-CoV-2. Molecular modeling was carried out to evaluate the potential antiviral properties of the top-hit pentasaccharide focusing on the interactive regions around the interface of RBD-HS-ACE2. The lead pentasaccharide with the highest affinity for RBD was analyzed via drug-likeness calculations, showing better predicted druggable profiles than those currently reported for RBD-binding HS mimetics. The results provide significant information for the development of HS-mimetics as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents.
Nano-Zirconia Synthesis Methods and their Pioneering Applications in Dentistry

Nano-zirconia, also known as nanocrystalline zirconia or zirconia nanoparticles, is a versatile material with numerous applications in various fields, including catalysis, sensors, energy storage, and biomedical engineering. This review manuscript explores the synthesis methods of nano-zirconia, focusing on the sol-gel method, precipitation method, hydrothermal method, flame spray pyrolysis, and template-assisted synthesis. Each method is discussed in detail, highlighting its advantages and disadvantages. The selection of a synthesis approach depends on factors such as desired properties, scalability, cost, and equipment availability. Furthermore, the study examines specific dental applications where nano-zirconia materials find utility. In dental implantology, nano-zirconia implants have shown promising results in terms of osseointegration, with comparable or superior performance to titanium implants. Surface modifications, such as bioactive coatings, have been explored to enhance osseointegration and long-term success. Additionally, nano-zirconia ceramics have been utilized in dental prostheses, such as crowns, due to their biocompatibility and exceptional strength. Studies have evaluated the mechanical properties and translucency of different zirconia compositions for dental restorations. Moreover, improvements in the sol-gel process have led to the development of zirconia-silica glass ceramics with enhanced aesthetics and corrosion resistance. Lastly, the impact of professional tooth cleaning on zirconia dental prostheses has been investigated, providing insights into surface properties and bacterial adherence. Overall, nano-zirconia materials offer great potential in various dental applications, and their synthesis methods can be tailored to obtain desired properties for specific uses. Further research and optimization are required to fully explore and exploit the capabilities of nano-zirconia in dental settings.
Strontium isotope tracing of prehistoric human mobility in France

Human mobility in recent history is well documented and often related to drastic external changes, including war, famine, and the discovery and exploration of new geographic regions and resources. Reconstruction of mobility patterns in prehistory is thus a crucial part of understanding the forces that drove our ancestors, but it is complicated by the fact that the archaeological evidence becomes scarce as we go back in time. The application of stable isotopes in archaeological research has revolutionised palaeomobility studies by providing independent data, which can be used to evaluate models of migration, trade, and cultural change. This research project explores the use of strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) to trace prehistoric human mobility patterns. Strontium isotope ratios vary across the landscape based on the age and composition of the underlying geology. Through diet humans incorporate strontium into their skeletal tissues such as bones and teeth. Teeth form during childhood and are resistant to weathering and geochemical alteration, often preserving the original isotope values. By comparing the strontium isotope ratios in teeth to the variations of strontium isotopes in the landscape it becomes possible to investigate mobility across geologically different areas between childhood and death. This study establishes the Isotopic Reconstruction of Human Migration (IRHUM) reference database and provides the first dataset of 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios of plant and soil samples, covering all major geologic units of France. This provides a new powerful tool for the archaeological science community as it allows the mapping of the variations of bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr isotope across the landscape. Utilizing this dataset, a bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr isotope map for archaeological provenance studies in France is created. For the application of this method to human fossil teeth new analytical methods to detect diagenetic overprint were tested. These now allow for rapid scanning to investigate the suitability of samples, minimising the damage to fossil remains. Least destructive analytical techniques for strontium isotope analysis, such as micro drilling thermal ionisation mass spectrometry and in situ laser-ablation MC-ICPMS, were further developed and applied to a range of materials of known composition, including shark and dugong teeth, modern and archaeological fauna samples, and fossil and modern human teeth. Finally, strontium isotope tracing was applied to three key archaeological sites in France, including the Neanderthal sites of Moula-Guercy, and the Neolithic sites of Le Tumulus des Sables and La Grotte des Perrats. Strontium isotope tracing proved to be a valuable technique and in combination with additional strings of evidence from archaeological material and other isotopic tracers, such as oxygen, improved our understanding of prehistoric human mobility at these sites. By covering different geographic locations and different time periods this study tests geochemical…
Effects of Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin on Blood Lipids in Quaker Parrots (Myiopsitta monachus)

Abstract: Statin drugs are the most effective class of hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic drugs, with atorvastatin and rosuvastatin being the most effective. While the use of statins would be a tremendous asset in the treatment of dyslipidemia and lipid-accumulation disorders in birds, there are only limited data available regarding their use and effectiveness in psittacine species. Two consecutive randomized crossover trials on Quaker parrots (Myiopsitta monachus) were performed to study the effect of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. Ten birds were used in an initial balanced crossover experiment with 5 oral treatments (control; atorvastatin 10 mg/kg q12h and q24h; rosuvastatin 10 mg/kg q12h and q24h) for 2 weeks each. Plasma lipidomics and lipoprotein profiling were performed after each treatment. Twelve birds were used in a second experiment consisting of 2 parallel crossover studies, each with 6 birds either fed their regular diet or a 0.3% cholesterol diet. In the 2 parallel crossover studies, the treatment group was administered atorvastatin 20 mg/kg orally q12h and the control group a placebo suspension orally q12h. Plasma lipidomics, lipoprotein profiles, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity were subsequently measured. Results were analyzed with serial linear mixed models and trends were assessed graphically. No statistically significant effect of any statin treatment was detected on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, creatinine kinase, or HMG-CoA reductase activity. In the first trial, all the rosuvastatin treatments led to some nonsignificant decreases in several triacylglycerol species, while in the second trial this was only observed in the birds on atorvastatin 20 mg/kg q12h being fed their regular diet. Quaker parrots may require much higher doses of statin drugs to show significant and clinically useful lipid-lowering effects.
Explant Sterilization of Sandalwood (Santalum Album) and Teak (Tectona Grandis) Micropropagation with Commercial Disinfectant

Sandalwood (Santalum album) and Teak (Tectona grandis) are essential wood sources for furniture. Sustainable micropropagation methods can benefit wood availability. This study evaluates NaOCl and Povidone-iodine effects, immersion duration, and concentrations on teak and sandalwood micropropagation. Teak is treated with 10% & 15% NaOCl and 10% & 15% Povidone-iodine. No significant difference was observed between teak treatments; however, povidone-iodine shows potential as an effective teak sterilizing agent. Sandalwood's best sterilization: NaOCl at 10% & 15%.
Stem breakage of Pinus radiata during mechanical felling in Kinleith Forest, Central North Island, New Zealand

Abstract of report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master ofF orestry Science.of report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master ofF orestry Science. STEM BREAKAGE OF PINUS RADIATA DURING MECHANICAL FELLING IN KINLEITH FOREST, CENTRAL NORTH ISLAND, NEW ZEALAND. By Michael Lambert 11 This report examines stem breakage of Pinus radiata as a result of mechanical felling in Kinleith forest. Four machines were studied, two Bell TF120 feller-bunchers and two Timbco T445 hydro-bunchers. The machines broke between 84% and 100% of the trees felled. Most causes of breakage could not be determined. Of that which could, falling trees striking stumps and previously felled logs accounted for the majority of the breakage. The machine operators and the machine types studied were deemed to be significantly different and thus separate breakage functions were derived for each operator and machine type. The breakage function currently used by Carter Holt Harvey Forests Kinleith, produced from manual felling data, was compared with the newly developed mechanical functions and found to be different. For this reason a mechanical breakage function was created. Nested analysis showed that most of the variation in relative break heights was due to differences in individual trees, not differences in machines or differences in operators. Two sets of statistically significant equations between height and machine type and the breakpoint variables diameter at the break point and relative break height were identified. Although the models account for some of the breakage, none of the relationships developed completely explain how the variables influence stem breakage. Further research is required into operator and the landing environment variables and how these affect felling breakage.
Foundations and Frameworks for Human Microbial Risk Assessment

Risk assessment is one part of a comprehensive risk management process, known as risk analysis. The risk characterization step within microbial risk assessment (MRA) serves as the bridge between risk assessment and risk management. Although a variety of MRA approaches are in use, limited analyses of MRA frameworks or their underlying principles and concepts exist. Organizations’ desires to develop a unified MRA approach have been tempered by the realization that flexibility is essential for addressing various legislated mandates and regulations and for meeting diverse field application needs. This paper was developed to help EPA’s Risk Assessment Forum, Microbial Risk Assessment Working Group to obtain new knowledge and insights about the nature and characteristics of available MRA frameworks and applications. This report includes a review of recent MRA policies and guidelines and a comparative analysis of 13 MRAs conducted or sponsored by governments worldwide. Two forms of risk assessment—chemical risk assessment and ecological risk assessment—provide the foundations for MRA as it was practiced at the time of this review. The National Academy’s widely used four-step risk assessment paradigm is the prevailing context from which many modelers have approached microbial risk assessment. The most commonly cited underlying principles for MRA include: make public health protection the priority, base MRA on sound science, ensure transparency, use a structured and consistent approach, and allow for iterations. The dynamic aspects of pathogens, environmental processes, human populations, and the interrelationships of these entities are increasingly being noted as important MRA modeling issues. Four fundamental types of MRA frameworks were found: chemical risk assessment modified chemical risk assessment, problem definition followed by chemical risk assessment, and the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) framework. No agency has applied the ILSI framework in a complete MRA. Organizations use the chemical risk assessment paradigm for different purposes and work through the components in a variety of sequences and depths, tailoring the process to meet their needs. Few MRAs include problem formulation, but most
Pediatric Craniofacial Tumor Reconstruction

Abstract Effective management of pediatric craniofacial tumors requires coordinated input from medical, oncologic, and surgical specialties. Reconstructive algorithms must consider limitations in pediatric donor tissue and account for future growth and development. Immediate reconstruction is often focused on filling dead space, protecting underlying structures, and ensuring skeletal symmetry. Staged reconstruction occurs after the patient has reached skeletal maturity and is focused on restoring permanent dentition. Reconstructive options vary depending on the location, size, and composition of resected tissue. Virtual surgical planning (VSP) reduces the complexity of pediatric craniofacial reconstruction and ensures more predictable outcomes.