Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional Profiling Identifies Location-Specific and Breed-Specific Differentially Expressed Genes in Embryonic Myogenesis in Anas Platyrhynchos

Skeletal muscle growth and development are highly orchestrated processes involving significant changes in gene expressions. Differences in the location-specific and breed-specific genes and pathways involved have important implications for meat productions and meat quality. Here, RNA-Seq was performed to identify differences in the muscle deposition between two muscle locations and two duck breeds for functional genomics studies. To achieve those goals, skeletal muscle samples were collected from the leg muscle (LM) and the pectoral muscle (PM) of two genetically different duck breeds, Heiwu duck (H) and Peking duck (P), at embryonic 15 days. Functional genomics studies were performed in two experiments: Experiment 1 directly compared the location-specific genes between PM and LM, and Experiment 2 compared the two breeds (H and P) at the same developmental stage (embryonic 15 days). Almost 13 million clean reads were generated using Illumina technology (Novogene, Beijing, China) on each library, and more than 70% of the reads mapped to the Peking duck (Anas platyrhynchos) genome. A total of 168 genes were differentially expressed between the two locations analyzed in Experiment 1, whereas only 8 genes were differentially expressed when comparing the same location between two breeds in Experiment 2. Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways (KEGG) were used to functionally annotate DEGs (differentially expression genes). The DEGs identified in Experiment 1 were mainly involved in focal adhesion, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and ECM-receptor interaction pathways (corrected P-value<0.05). In Experiment 2, the DEGs were associated with only the ribosome signaling pathway (corrected P-value<0.05). In addition, quantitative real-time PCR was used to confirm 15 of the differentially expressed genes originally detected by RNA-Seq. A comparative transcript analysis of the leg and pectoral muscles of two duck breeds not only improves our understanding of the location-specific and breed-specific genes and pathways but also provides some candidate molecular targets for increasing muscle products and meat quality by genetic control.
Analyzing and Extending MUMCUT for Fault-based Testing of General Boolean Expressions

Boolean expressions are widely used to model decisions or conditions of a specification or source program. The MUMCUT, which is designed to detect seven common faults where Boolean expressions under test are assumed to be in Irredundant Disjunctive Normal Form (IDNF), is an efficient fault-based test case selection strategy in terms of the fault-detection capacity and the size of selected test suite. Following up our previous work that reported the fault-detection capacity of the MUMCUT when it is applied to general form Boolean expressions, in this paper we present the characteristic of the types of single faults committed in general Boolean expressions that a MUMCUT test suite fails to detect, analyze the certainty why a MUMCUT test suite fails to detect these types of undetected faults, and provide some extensions to enhance the detection capacity of the MUMCUT for these types of undetected faults.
Coherence of an ICT-using Teaching Sequence: a Case Study in Optics at Lower Secondary School

This communication reports a case study based on a discourse analysis in an ordinary classroom, at grade 8 in a lower-secondary school in France, during a teaching sequence in elementary Optics. It particularly focuses on a part of the last session, where the eye is presented as an optical system using a lens, the focal length of which is variable. For this part, the teacher is using a computer-based simulation. The teacher's discourse is analysed from a threefold point of view: the modelling processes; the conversions between several semiotic registers; the coherence between this session and previous activities in the teaching sequence. From all these points of views, the use of an ICT tool offers new learning opportunities to students, or strengthens learning opportunities already offered.
Live Migration with Pass-through Device for Linux VM

Open source Linux virtualization, such as Xen and KVM, has made great progress recently, and has been a hot topic in Linux world for years. With virtualization support, the hypervisor de-privileges operating systems as guest operating systems and shares physical resources among guests, such as memory and the network device. For device virtualization, some mechanisms are introduced for improving performance. Paravirtualized (PV) drivers are implemented to avoid excessive guest and hypervisor switching and thus achieve better performance, for example Xen’s split virtual network interface driver (VNIF). Unlike software optimization in PV driver, IOMMU, such as Intel R © Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O, AKA VT-d, enables direct passing through of physical devices to guests to take advantage of hardware DMA remapping, thus reducing hypervisor intervention and achieving high bandwidth. Physically assigned devices impose challenges to live migration, which is one of the most important virtualization features in server consolidation. This paper shows how we solve this issue using virtual hot plug technology, in addition with the Linux bonding driver, and is organized as follows: We start from device virtualization and live migration challenges, followed by the design and implementation of the virtual hotplug based solution. The network connectivity issue is also addressed using the bonding driver for live migration with a direct assigned NIC device. Finally, we present the current status, future work, and other alternative solutions.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CLASSIFICATION OF TRAJECTORIES IN LIVE TRAFFIC USING VARIANCE BASED APPROACH

To mine a smart navigation system from a wide range of real-world historical trajectories for practically suggests the fastest route to a user according to his\her departure time. The trajectories are aggregated and mined in the cloud database. As per Live Traffic, the trajectories are constantly updates in the cloud database. This Live Traffic Index (LTI) is used to the intelligence navigation system to analyze traffic circumstances and reduce the online computation of route identification. LTI construction is designed to learn the time-variant distributions of the travel times between any two landmarks. Besides the traffic flow, our method also incorporates additional factors such as pattern recognition, in which this pattern can intimate the user before he\she enters a particular location. Here extend our framework to analyze weather patterns to implementing variance entropy based clustering algorithm to improve the efficiency and calculating speed results to update the traffic routes.
A Comparative Study on Results of Design Patterns Recovery Tools

Over the last one and half decade a large number of design pattern recovery techniques and tools are presented for recovering patterns from source code of legacy applications. The results presented and published by different tools are very diverse, susceptible and debatable. It is really very difficult for community to select an existing design pattern recovery tool for purpose of recovering patterns due to reliability of their results. There is an apparent need to evaluate and compare results of these tools and explore key factors which cause wide disparity in the results. We present the comparative analysis on selected tools based on results rendered by different design pattern recovery tools. The common results extracted by different tools after manual verification will become benchmark for future.
FLIP PROBABILITIES FOR RANDOM PROJECTIONS OF θ-SEPARATED VECTORS

We give the probability that two vectors in d-dimensional Euclidean space m,n ∈ R which are separated in R by an angle θ ∈ [0, π/2] have angular separation θR > π/2 following random projection into a k-dimensional subspace of R, k < d. This probability, which we call the ‘flip probability’, has several interesting properties: It is polynomial of order k in θ; it is independent of the original dimensionality d depending only on the projection dimension k and the original separation θ of the vectors; it recovers the existing result for flip probability under random projection when k = 1 as a special case, and has a geometric interpretation as the quotient of the surface area of a hyperspherical cap by the area of the corresponding hypersphere which is a natural generalisation of the k = 1 case. We also prove the useful fact that, for all k ∈ N, the flip probability when projecting to dimension k is greater than the flip probability when projecting to dimension k + 1. 1. Statement of Theorem and Proof Theorem 1 (Flip Probability). Let n, m ∈ R with angular separation θ ∈ [0, π/2]. Let R ∈ Mk×d, k < d, be a random projection matrix with entries rij iid ∼ N (0, 1/d) and let Rn, Rm ∈ R be the projections of n, m into R with angular separation θR. (1) The ‘flip probability’ PrR[θR > π/2|θ] = PrR[(Rn)Rm < 0|nm > 0] is given by: PrR[(Rn) Rm < 0|nm > 0] = Γ(k) (Γ(k/2))2 ∫ ψ 0 z(k−2)/2 (1 + z)k dz (1.1) where ψ = (1− cos(θ))/(1 + cos(θ)). (2) The expression above can be shown to be of the form of the quotient of the surface area of a hyperspherical cap subtending an 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 60D05; Secondary 15B52.
“I Want to Do Things With Languages”: A Male Karenni Refugee’s Reconstructing Multilingual Capital

ABSTRACT This article discusses how a male Karenni refugee in the United States has constructed multilingual capital along the way of his multiple movements across national borders. As a member of an ethnic minority group in three different countries (Burma, Thailand, and the United States), he has invested in learning multiple languages throughout the movements. Based on a two-year ethnographic study on the participant’s multilingual practices, I argue that being multilingual is a fundamental part of his transnational identities, economic security, and agentive acts. His roles outside formal classroom settings as a language broker, refugee, and an ESL tutor have been shaped by a continuum, or horizontal relationship of languages. The study suggests the inclusion of adult students’ transnational identity and multilingual practices outside a language classroom. In addition, a career that requires multilingual skills and transnational knowledge should be encouraged and created for newcomers.
Un/inhabitable worlds: the curious case of Down’s syndrome

In her superb exposition of staring, Garland-Thomson (2009) draws attention to Chris Rush’s artistic piece Swim 2 which depicts a woman with Down’s syndrome in a regal pose. She continues: "The portrait invites us to stare, engrossed perhaps less with the “strangeness” of this woman’s disability and more with the strangeness of witnessing such dignity in a face that marks a life we have learned to imagine as unliveable and unworthy, as the kind of person we routinely detect in advance through medical technology and eliminate from our human community" (2009: 83). Garland-Thomson appears to make two separate ‘orientations’ (Friedner 2015): one in which Down’s syndrome is afforded a positive social imaginary marked by dignity and worth, and another in which this condition is categorised as an existence without value. Likewise, I see two different and competing ways of enacting Down’s syndrome, that is, as both a negative pregnancy outcome (via prenatal technology) and as joyous, enlightening, and not the misfortune one may initially imagine on receipt of a diagnosis (via parental accounts).
Cancellation of EEG and MEG signals generated by extended and distributed sources

Extracranial patterns of scalp potentials and magnetic fields, as measured with electro‐ and magnetoencephalography (EEG, MEG), are spatially widespread even when the underlying source in the brain is focal. Therefore, loss in signal magnitude due to cancellation is expected when multiple brain regions are simultaneously active. We characterized these cancellation effects in EEG and MEG using a forward model with sources constrained on an anatomically accurate reconstruction of the cortical surface. Prominent cancellation was found for both EEG and MEG in the case of multiple randomly distributed source dipoles, even when the number of simultaneous dipoles was small. Substantial cancellation occurred also for locally extended patches of simulated activity, when the patches extended to opposite walls of sulci and gyri. For large patches, a difference between EEG and MEG cancellation was seen, presumably due to selective cancellation of tangentially vs. radially oriented sources. Cancellation effects can be of importance when electrophysiological data are related to hemodynamic measures. Furthermore, the selective cancellation may be used to explain some observed differences between EEG and MEG in terms of focal vs. widespread cortical activity. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Texture image segmentation based on the elements of Gray Level Aura Matrices

We present a method for texture image segmentation based on Gray Level Aura Matrices (GLAMs). The GLAMs allow describing the relationship between the target pixel and its neighboring pixels located in neighborhood structure defined by a structuring element. Their elements are directly used in this paper instead of Haralick features in order to characterize each pixel of the image. The pixels having the same features are then gathered into classes using the Fuzzy C-means algorithm. Experiments results on synthetic and real images show the relevance of the elements of GLAMs in the segmentation of images with different textures.
Notes to Robust Stabilization of a Class of Time-delay Nonlinear Systems

In this paper, we point out an unsolved problem in the constructing procedures of the proof in theorem 1 of (Sing Kiong Nguang, 2000) and also to inappropriate conditions C2) and C3). A counterexample is given which satisfies the settings of the paper (Sing Kiong Nguang, 2000) to illustrate the error of C2). For a second-order nonlinear time-delay system, we give a solving method for the unsolved problem which can obtain the local asymptotical stability of the system. A simulation example is also given to show the feasibility and efficiency of the method
In The Spotlight - Evaluating How Celebrities Affect Floss Developers' Participation Motivation

Motivating one’s workforce is a major challenge for organizations. Demotivated employees not only cause harm to organizations’ productivity and innovation but also show increased turn-over intentions. As in the case of organizations, projects developing Free Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) depend strongly on the motivation of their contributors. Existing research repeatedly highlights project members’ motivation for FLOSS projects’ success and continuance. However, existing evaluations primarily treat project members’ participation motives as exogenous constructs. As a result no operational advice can be derived for FLOSS projects on how to motivate their contributors. This research takes an alternative view and regards FLOSS developers’ motivation as product of their self-determination and influences of their surrounding environment. Drawing on SelfDetermination-Theory (SDT), we consider FLOSS developers’ motivation as multi-dimensional and sensitive to environmental stimuli. As an example for such environmental stimuli we propose that project celebrities (members with a high standing in the FLOSS community) stimulate the participation motives of project members in different ways. An evaluation with 65 participants of Google Summer of Code (GSoC) largely supports our research model and provides evidence for the endogenous character of FLOSS developers’ motivation. Our research results suggest that celebrities stimulate rather self-determined than externally regulated motives.
Failure Detection in Telephone Switching Systems

Todaysoftwaresystemsareplaying a critical role in the operationof telecommunicationnetworks. The steadly growing sizeandcomplexity of thesesystemsaremaking themextremelydifficulty to exausti vely testthe software to ensurethatit will adequatelyperformits specifiedfunction. With theincreasingrelianceon softwaresystemsfor implementationof telecomservicefunctionality, theneed for automaticdetectionof software failuresis becoming of paramountimportance.Furthermore, thecurrenttrends towardmulti-suppliernetworks,in which the localization of a softwarefailure is critical issue,requiressucha capability. This paperpresentsan approachfor failure detectionin telephoneswitchingsystems.A softwaresuper visor canautomaticallydetectsoftwarefailuresbasedon boundarysignalsandthetargetsoftwaresystemspecification.
Analyzing urban daylighting ambiences by walking in a virtual city

The urban environment is defined by the interaction between the city morphological characteristics and its physical behavior based on the human interpretation. Contemporary psychology emphasizes the relation between perception and action and shows that perception can be enhanced by the receptor's motion. Basing our work on these principles, we assume that virtual reality techniques, bringing both immersion and interaction to static computer generated images can be of use to study solar effects and therefore daylight ambience. In this paper, we show the methodology for solar effects analysis in both real and virtual world and build demonstrators to compare the emergence of solar effects
What is wrong with our educational assessments and what can be done about it.

For over one hundred years, policy-makers have been searching for objective indices of the quality of education. In the second decade of the twentieth century in the USA, the ‘School Survey’ movement sought to gather ‘objective evidence’ about factors influencing the educational progress of school students, but within about twenty years, educational policy-makers looked to psychology to provide a way of measuring the outputs more ‘scientifically’. This desire for quantification soon dominated most aspects public-service provision. Perhaps the best-known example of politicians’ desire for simple answers to complex questions is John F Kennedy’s furious reaction to the ambiguous evaluation of the impact of additional money provided for the education of socioeconomically disadvantaged students: “Do you mean that you spent a billion dollars and you don’t know whether they can read or not? ”. The trouble with such ‘objective’ approaches is that while many things can be measured, there are also many important things that cannot, and the danger is that things that can be measured easily come to be regarded as more important that those that cannot. This process is well summed up by Charles Handy’s rendering of the what has come to be known as the Macnamara Fallacy, named after the US Secretary of Defense, who argued that the ratio of Viet Cong/North Vietnamese Army losses to US/Army of the Republic of Vietnam losses was an important measure of military effectiveness: "Things you can count, you ought to count. Loss of life is one. "
A Novel Recombinant DNA System for High Efficiency Affinity Purification of Proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Isolation of endogenous proteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been facilitated by inserting encoding polypeptide affinity tags at the C-termini of chromosomal open reading frames (ORFs) using homologous recombination of DNA fragments. Tagged protein isolation is limited by a number of factors, including high cost of affinity resins for bulk isolation and low concentration of ligands on the resin surface, leading to low isolation efficiencies and trapping of contaminants. To address this, we have created a recombinant “CelTag” DNA construct from which PCR fragments can be created to easily tag C-termini of S. cerevisiae ORFs using selection for a nat1 marker. The tag has a C-terminal cellulose binding module to be used in the first affinity step. Microgranular cellulose is very inexpensive and has an effectively continuous ligand on its surface, allowing rapid, highly efficient purification with minimal background. Cellulose-bound proteins are released by specific cleavage of an included site for TEV protease, giving nearly pure product. The tag can be lifted from the recombinant DNA construct either with or without a 13x myc epitope tag between the target ORF and the TEV protease site. Binding of CelTag protein fusions to cellulose is stable to high salt, nonionic detergents, and 1 M urea, allowing stringent washing conditions to remove loosely associated components, as needed, before specific elution. It is anticipated that this reagent could allow isolation of protein complexes from large quantities of yeast extract, including soluble, membrane-bound, or nucleic acid-associated assemblies.
A simple navigation framework for the RASCAL robot

In this work, we explore a simple navigation framework for semi-autonomous robots in outdoor environments. Three main components were conceptualized and implemented. Accurate localization is achieved by fusing measurements from an onboard GPS, IMU and odometry. A LIDAR mounted on a tilting platform is used to generate a local map of the surrounding environments. The robot then uses this map to plan a path and navigate around obstacles. A Finite State Machine is developed to reflect the set of possible actions the robot can take. We present results from each of the individual components and evaluate their performance.
Molecular basis of muscular dystrophies

Muscular dystrophies represent a heterogeneous group of disorders, which have been largely classified by clinical phenotype. In the last 10 years, identification of novel skeletal muscle genes including extracellular matrix, sarcolemmal, cytoskeletal, cytosolic, and nuclear membrane proteins has changed the phenotype‐based classification and shed new light on the molecular pathogenesis of these disorders. A large number of genes involved in muscular dystrophy encode components of the dystrophin‐glycoprotein complex (DGC) which normally links the intracellular cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. Mutations in components of this complex are thought to lead to loss of sarcolemmal integrity and render muscle fibers more susceptible to damage. Recent evidence suggests the involvement of vascular smooth muscle DGC in skeletal and cardiac muscle pathology in some forms of sarcoglycan‐deficient limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy. Intriguingly, two other forms of limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy are possibly caused by perturbation of sarcolemma repair mechanisms. The complete clarification of these various pathways will lead to further insights into the pathogenesis of this heterogeneous group of muscle disorders. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 23: 1456–1471, 2000
Handwritten Text Preprocessing Algorithm Applying SUSAN Principle

In this paper an analysis is presented concerning the applicability of filters and edge/corner detectors using Smallest Univalue Segment Assimilating Nucleus (SUSAN) principle to preprocessing of images containing handwritten text. A new adaptive approach for estimating intensity threshold is given which proves filter and edge/corner efficiency. Different brightness similarity functions are tested for proper finding the Univalue Segment Assimilating Nucleus (USAN) area. A comparison is made with the averaging, Gaussian and median filters to reveal SUSAN filter superiority when filtering different kinds of noise and preserving the original structure of the handwriting.