Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric Predictors of Noncompliance in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Psychiatry and Compliance

Compliance with medications is very important in the management of many gastrointestinal disorders: in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), controlled trials have shown the benefit of prophylactic medical treatment in lowering the risk of recurrences. Our aim was to appraise the association between current psychiatric disorders and medication adherence in an unselected consecutive group of outpatients with IBD. In 85 unselected consecutive outpatients with IBD, a professional structured diagnostic interview and a psychiatric assessment, by the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-III-Reviewed, were carried out. In a stepwise regression analysis, compliance, as dependent variable, correlated positively with disease duration and inversely with both disease severity and presence of psychiatric disorders. In patients with IBD, preventive liaison psychiatry interventions seem indicated.
An Effective Polling Scheme for IEEE 802.11e

In medium access control (MAC) protocols for wireless local area networks (WLANs), the Round-Robin scheme is the general polling scheme. A major drawback of this scheme is that it is inefficient when only a small number of stations have packets to transmit. This inefficiency is caused by polling stations that have no packets to transmit. This paper proposes an effective and simple polling scheme to reduce the number of polling times for a station with no packets to transmit. For example, the simulation result shows that the throughput increases by 35.8% when fifteen stations out of thirty stations in the polling list have packets to transmit at IEEE 802.1 la 54 Mbps rate.
Effects of folic acid intake on serum lipid profiles of apparently healthy young adult male Nigerians

The effects of folic acid intake on serum lipid profile of apparently healthy young adult males were investigated. Ten apparently healthy young adult males (19-22years) were requested to observe 10-12h overnight fast prior to the days of appointment. Blood samples were collected 1h after the intake of appropriate volume of physiological saline (control), 5mg and 10mg of folic acid respectively at 4days interval. Compared with the control, 5mg and 10mg folic acid resulted in similar pattern of significant reduction in serum cholesterol and LDL-C (p Keywords : folic acid, cholesterol, triacylglycerol, serum, Nigeria African Journal of Biomedical Research Vol. 8(3) 2005: 139-142
The Effect of Oxidation on Berberine-Mediated CYP1 Inhibition: Oxidation Behavior and Metabolite-Mediated Inhibition

The protoberberine alkaloid berberine carries methylenedioxy moiety and exerts a variety of pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammation and lipid-lowering effects. Berberine causes potent CYP1B1 inhibition, whereas CYP1A2 shows resistance to the inhibition. To reveal the influence of oxidative metabolism on CYP1 inhibition by berberine, berberine oxidation and the metabolite-mediated inhibition were determined. After NADPH-fortified preincubation of berberine with P450, the inhibition of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 variants (CYP1B1.1, CYP1B1.3, and CYP1B1.4) by berberine was not enhanced, and CYP1A2 remained resistant. Demethyleneberberine was identified as the most abundant metabolite of CYP1A1- and CYP1B1-catalyzed oxidations, and thalifendine was generated at a relatively low rate. CYP1A1-catalyzed berberine oxidation had the highest maximal velocity (Vmax) and exhibited positive cooperativity, suggesting the assistance of substrate binding when the first substrate was present. In contrast, the demethylenation by CYP1B1 showed the property of substrate inhibition. CYP1B1-catalyzed berberine oxidation had low Km values, but it had Vmax values less than 8% of those of CYP1A1. The dissociation constants generated from the binding spectrum and fluorescence quenching suggested that the low Km values of CYP1B1-catalyzed oxidation might include more than the rate constants describing berberine binding. The natural protoberberine/berberine fmetabolites with methylenedioxy ring-opening (palmatine, jatrorrhizine, and demethyleneberberine) and the demethylation (thalifendine and berberrubine) caused weak CYP1 inhibition. These results demonstrated that berberine was not efficiently oxidized by CYP1B1, and metabolism-dependent irreversible inactivation was minimal. Metabolites of berberine caused a relatively weak inhibition of CYP1.
A Relational Approach to the Geography of Innovation: A Typology of Regions

The aim of this study was to devise a method for computing a composite indicator that measures the regional degree of exposure to external knowledge sources. On the basis of this indicator, we propose a typology of regions according to their potential capacity to access extra-local items of knowledge, which might help them to recombine complementary elements of such an asset to produce a higher number of new ideas. Building on various research streams that have been relatively independent to date, we summarize a non-exhaustive instrumental list of recent studies that motivates our approach and the construction of our complex indicator, which can be used to appraise the extent to which each region is in an optimal position to access external innovative resources.
PDGFbeta receptor blockade inhibits intimal hyperplasia in the baboon.

BACKGROUND We have evaluated the use of a mouse/human chimeric anti-platelet-derived growth factor-beta receptor antibody in combination with heparin to inhibit intimal hyperplasia in the saphenous artery of the baboon after balloon angioplasty. METHODS AND RESULTS The study evaluated lesion development in sequential injuries made 28 days apart. Each animal received control treatment after the first injury and antibody/heparin therapy after the second injury to the contralateral artery. The antibody was administered by bolus intravenous injections (10 mg/kg) on study days 1, 4, 8, 15, and 22 and heparin coadministered by continuous intravenous infusion at a dose of 0.13 mg/kg per hour. Morphometric analysis of tissue sections showed a 53% decrease in intimal area after antibody/heparin treatment (P=0.005), corresponding to a 40% decrease in the intima-to-media ratio (P=0.005). Smooth muscle cell proliferation in the injured wall, measured at both 4 and 29 days after balloon injury, were similar in the control and antibody/heparin-treated animals. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that platelet-derived growth factor plays a key role in the development of intimal lesions at sites of acute vascular injury in the nonhuman primate.
The effect of secondary insults on mortality and long-term disability after severe head injury in a rural region without a trauma system.

Outcome after head injury appears to be adversely affected by secondary insults such as hypoxia or hypotension. Previous work examining the influence of these secondary insults on outcome has originated from urban environments with organized systems of trauma care. We hypothesized that secondary insults would be more frequent and that outcome of severe head injury would be worse in a rural region without a trauma system. To validate these hypotheses we retrospectively reviewed the course and outcome of all patients admitted to the Medical Center Hospital of Vermont with severe head injuries between 1980 and 1985. A cohort of 170 patients was assigned to one of two groups: group I had neither hypotension nor hypoxia at the time of admission; group II had either hypotension or hypoxia at the time of admission. The groups were similar in terms of demographics, incidence of mass lesions, frequency of craniotomy, and incidence of intracranial hypertension. Only 23% of group II patients made a good recovery compared with 56% of group I patients (p < 0.01). The mortality rate of group II patients was twice that of group I patients (66% vs. 33%; p < 0.01). When compared with data provided by the National Trauma Coma Data Bank from urban areas with trauma systems, there was no difference in outcome of patients similarly grouped according to the presence or absence of secondary insults between Vermont's rural cohort and the urban cohort. We conclude that hypotension and hypoxia adversely effect the outcome of severe head injury. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Groundwater contamination from urban line sources - monitoring and evaluation approach with integral pumping tests

Urban areas can affect groundwater quality by releasing wastewater-borne contaminants including inorganic compounds and micropollutants. Sewer networks and urban streams that receive effluent from wastewater treatment plants, for example, act as wastewater transport pathways, while potentially losing treated or untreated wastewater to groundwater. Collectively, these pathways are known as urban line sources, which are characterized by human-dominated variations of the wastewater composition in sewers and by temporally higher loads of wastewater constituents in urban streams during combined sewer overflows. In combination with exfiltration via randomly distributed sewer leaks or heterogeneous streambeds, this leads to extremely heterogeneous concentration patterns which complicate the investigation of groundwater contamination originating from these types of urban line sources. This study investigates the influence of urban line sources on groundwater quality with a new monitoring approach that overcomes the problem of heterogeneous concentrations by using large volume sampling with the integral pumping test (IPT) method. In the evaluation of the monitoring approach, wastewater compound mass flow rates of IPT applications upand downstream of line source sections are compared to quantify exfiltration mass flow rates per unit length Mex. The monitoring approach was operated at a leaky sewer and a temporally losing stream for the inorganic compounds B, Cl, K, NO3, NH4 and SO4 as well as for the micropollutants bisphenol-a, caffeine, technical-nonylphenol and tonalide. The concentration-time series of the IPTs at the two sites revealed an influence of the line sources on the groundwater quality. The observed variability of the concentration values was higher for micropollutants than for inorganic compounds. At the leaky sewer site, higher mass flow rates downstream of the sewer section were observed for B, Cl and total nitrogen Ntot. Therefore, values of Mex could be calculated for these compounds. Reduced or unaltered mass flow rates of the most reactive wastewater constituents, including micropollutants downstream of the leaky sewer, indicate that mass reduction processes occurred on the passage from the sewer to the pumping wells. The water exfiltration rate Qex from the sewer was calculated with concentrations of the conservative ion Cl. The comparison of these Qex values with alternative measurements shows that the line source monitoring approach can provide reliable data.
Detection of the Groove Position in Phonographic Images

The sound of phonographic records is contained in the radial position of the groove (and sometimes also its depth). The sound is usually extracted by a mechanical device (the stylus of the record player). Many old records are in such bad shape that no mechanical contact is possible. An alternative is to take a picture of the record and to estimate the radial groove position, using image processing. In this paper, we present the technique to extract the radial position of the groove and therefore the sound of the records.
Viper A Verification Infrastructure for Permission-Based Reasoning

The automation of veriﬁcation techniques based on ﬁrst-order logic speciﬁcations has beneﬁted greatly from veriﬁcation infrastructures such as Boogie and Why. These oﬀer an intermediate language that can express diverse language features and veriﬁcation techniques, as well as back-end tools such as veriﬁcation condition generators. However, these infrastructures are not well suited for veriﬁcation techniques based on separation logic and other permission logics, because they do not provide direct support for permissions and because existing tools for these logics often prefer symbolic execution over veriﬁcation condition generation. Consequently, tool support for these logics is typically developed independently for each technique, dramatically increasing the burden of developing automatic tools for permission-based veriﬁcation. In this paper, we present a veriﬁcation infrastructure whose intermediate language supports an expressive permission model natively. We provide tool support, including two back-end veriﬁers, one based on symbolic execution, and one on veriﬁcation condition generation; this facilitates experimenting with the two prevailing techniques in automated veriﬁ-cation. Various existing veriﬁcation techniques can be implemented via this infrastructure, alleviating much of the burden of building permission-based veriﬁers, and allowing the developers of higher-level techniques to focus their eﬀorts at the appropriate level of abstraction.
Living arrangements of older persons.

During the past decade there has been a surge of interest in the living arrangements of older persons. The theme has been part of the demography and sociology of the family but only as an outcome subordinate to the broader issue of household and family organization. It has received new impetus owing to three interrelated factors: first the rapidity and demographic inevitability of ageing in the developed world and its even more accelerated pace in countries that have experienced recent demographic transitions; secondly the increasing availability of data and deployment of procedures to extract information from older sources and to analyse new ones; and thirdly an upsurge of research in the economics of intergenerational transfers an area that for a long time has been inextricably linked to the explanation of fertility changes but that now paradoxically experiences a revival in order to understand the consequences rather than the causes of fertility change. The present paper takes stock of recent developments in the literature summarizes key findings provides a synthesis of theories and models and reviews issues pertaining to statistical inference. It also suggests a road map for further research and identifies what appear to be the most salient problematic issues and likely solutions. (excerpt)
In situ measured seasonal characteristics of near‐surface aerosols over Bay of Bengal and MODIS‐retrieved columnar properties: A multicampaign analysis

Seasonal changes in near‐surface aerosol mass loading and their chemical characteristics over the marine environment of Bay of Bengal (BoB) have been investigated, based on the ship‐based experiments carried out as part of three major field campaigns in premonsoon, winter, and monsoon seasons. These spatiotemporal properties of in situ measured near‐surface aerosols were compared with the columnar aerosol optical depth (AOD), Angstrom exponent, effective radius, mass concentration, fine‐mode AOD, and large‐mode AOD retrieved by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The spatial heterogeneity in the chemical nature of aerosols for the three contrasting seasons has been addressed. In all the seasons, BoB is found to be polluted by anthropogenic aerosols as revealed by their chemical composition. North BoB exhibits highest near‐surface aerosol loading, columnar AOD, and aerosol mass concentration irrespective of the season. While the high AOD in winter is due to fine‐mode anthropogenic aerosols, that in monsoon is due to large‐sized sea‐salt aerosols. The fine‐mode AOD over BoB contributes 45% in monsoon, 69% in premonsoon, and 73% in winter. The column AOD in winter and premonsoon is ~50% of its monsoonal value. The e‐fold scale distances of total aerosol mass loading and those of various chemical species over BoB are also investigated. The column mass concentration has been estimated from the in situ measured near‐surface aerosol mass loading and compared with that retrieved from MODIS. Regions where low near‐surface aerosol mass loading was observed; the satellite‐retrieved columnar loading was found to be overestimated suggesting seasonal and regional differences in scale height.
Design considerations for 12-V/1.5-V, 50-A voltage regulator modules

The paper presents design considerations for a 12 V/1.5 V, 50 A voltage regulator module (VRM) for the next generation of microprocessors. The module has stringent power-density and transient-response specifications, which are hard to meet with traditional design techniques. The proposed design solutions increase the VRM efficiency, as well as achieve the desired transient response with a minimum amount of the output capacitance.
Child Temperament: An Integrative Review of Concepts, Research Programs, and Measures

This article provides a review and synthesis of concepts, research programs, and measures in the infant and child temperament area. First, the authors present an overview of five classical approaches to the study of child temperament that continue to stimulate research today. Subsequently, the authors carve out key definitional criteria for temperament (i.e., inclusion criteria) and the traits that qualify as temperamental according to the overview and defined criteria. The article then reviews leading programs of research that are concerned with the ways in which early childhood temperament affects psychosocial development, both normal and abnormal. After touching on measurement issues and tools, the authors conclude with an outlook on child temperament research.
THE EFFECT OF ANTIBODY ON INTRACELLULAR PARASITISM OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM IN MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES IN VITRO

The effect of antibody on the fate of Salmonella typhimurium within mononuclear phagocytes (MN) of rabbits was studied in vitro. Monocytes and bacteria were incubated either in absence or presence of antibody. After 45 minutes during which phagocytosis occurred infected cells were washed to remove extracellular bacilli and free antibody. The cells were then reincubated in a medium without addition of antibody, and the interaction between the MN and bacteria was followed, correlating bacterial viability and the morphology of the mixture. The following results were obtained. The anti-Salmonella antibody was not bactericidal even in presence of complement and did not enhance phagocytosis. Regardless of whether antibody was present or absent during phagocytosis, the bacteria appeared to multiply within the cells. When no antibody was present during phagocytosis the infected cells were severely damaged within a few hours of incubation, and extensive extracellular multiplication was dominating. When antibody was present during phagocytosis MN packed with bacteria persisted for a long time. Little or no extracellular growth occurred. It was possible to demonstrate the presence of the antibody within the infected MN, using the fluorescent antibody technique. The antibody appeared as a coat around the bacteria. Antibody entered the cells only during phagocytosis, presumably attached to the bacteria. The active factor of the immune serum was found in the gamma globulin fraction and reacted specifically with the somatic antigen of Salmonella typhimurium. The antiflagellar portion of the antiserum was not involved in the phenomenon described. It is concluded that this antibody protects monocytes against the effect of intracellularly located Salmonella.
Novel Mutation Sites in the Development of Vancomycin- Intermediate Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

Increased use of vancomycin has led to the emergence of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA). To investigate the mechanism of VISA development, 39 methicillin-susceptible strains and 3 MRSA strains were treated with vancomycin to induce non-susceptibility, and mutations in six genes were analyzed. All the strains were treated with vancomycin in vitro for 60 days. MICs were determined by the agar dilution and E-test methods. Vancomycin was then removed to assess the stability of VISA strains and mutations. Following 60 days of vancomycin treatment in vitro, 29/42 VISA strains were generated. The complete sequences of rpoB, vraS, graR, graS, walK, and walR were compared with those in the parental strains. Seven missense mutations including four novel mutations (L466S in rpoB, R232K in graS, I594M in walk, and A111T in walR) were detected frequently in strains with vancomycin MIC ≥ 12 μg/mL. Jonckheere-Terpstra trend test indicated these mutations might play an important role during VISA evolution. After the vancomycin treatment, strains were passaged to vancomycin-free medium for another 60 days, and the MICs of all strains decreased. Our results suggest that rpoB, graS, walk, and walR are more important than vraS and graR in VISA development.
The role of tyrosine kinases and phosphotyrosine‐containing recognition motifs in regulation of the T cell‐antigen receptor‐mediated signal transduction pathway

T cell‐mediated immune responses are initiated by interaction of antigen bound to a glycoprotein encoded by the major histocompatibility complex with the T cell antigen receptor (TCR). These recognition and binding steps are followed by multiple intracellular biochemical events. The earliest event detected is an increase in intracellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation that involves a complex interaction of tyrosine kinases and phosphatases. Subsequently, one observes an increase in protein serine/threonine phosphorylation, phospholipid hydrolysis, and changes in intracellular Ca2+ levels. These and other biochemical changes lead to cell proliferation, differentiation, and acquisition of effector functions. While binding of extracellular growth factors to receptors containing cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) domains induces direct activation of their kinase activity, the multichain TCR lacks an intrinsic kinase domain and therefore represents a distinct type of receptor. It transduces signals via the interaction with, and activation of, non‐receptor PTKs. Recent efforts directed at defining the TCR‐linked signaling pathways have provided insight into the regulatory role of three PTKs, and the functional importance of some unique protein motifs in both TCR subunits and PTKs, which mediate critical protein‐protein interactions in this pathway. J. Leukoc. Biol. 55: 265–271; 1994.
Interleaved Inductive-Abductive Reasoning for Learning Event-Based Activity Models

We propose an interleaved inductive-abductive model for reasoning about complex spatio-temporal narratives. Typed Inductive Logic Programming (Typed-ILP) is used as a basis for learning the domain theory by generalising from observation data, whereas abductive reasoning is used for noisy data correction by scenario and narrative completion thereby improving the inductive learning to get semantically meaningful event models. We apply the model to an airport domain consisting of video data for 10 turn-arounds.
Reliability mechanisms for SDD-1: a system for distributed databases

This paper presents the reliability mechanisms of SDD-1, a prototype distributed database system being developed by the Computer Corporation of America. Reliability algorithms in SDD-1 center around the concept of the Reliable Network (RelNet). The RelNet is a communications medium incorporating facilities for site status monitoring, event timestamping, multiply buffered message delivery, and the atomic control of distributed transactions. This paper is one of a series of companion papers on SDD-1 [3, 4, 6, 13].