Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 79/150–cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Postsynaptic Targeting by NMDA Receptor Activation of Calcineurin and Remodeling of Dendritic Actin

At the postsynaptic membrane of glutamatergic synapses, the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), and calcineurin (CaN) anchoring protein AKAP79/150 is recruited to NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors by postsynaptic density (PSD)-95 family membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) scaffold proteins. These signaling scaffold complexes may function to regulate receptor phosphorylation in synaptic plasticity. Thus, it is important to understand regulation of AKAP79/150 targeting to synapses and recruitment to PSD–MAGUK complexes. AKAP79 is targeted to the plasma membrane by an N-terminal basic domain that binds phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI-4,5-P2) and is regulated by PKC phosphorylation and calmodulin binding. Here we demonstrate that this same domain also binds F-actin in a calmodulin- and PKC-regulated manner, targets to membrane ruffles enriched in F-actin and PI-4,5-P2 in COS7 cells, and localizes to dendritic spines with F-actin and PSD–MAGUKs in hippocampal neurons. Inhibition of actin polymerization disrupted AKAP79 targeting of PKA and CaN to ruffles in COS7 cells and endogenous AKAP79/150 dendritic spine localization with PKA, CaN, and PSD–MAGUKs in neurons. AKAP79/150 postsynaptic localization was rapidly regulated by NMDA receptors through CaN activation and F-actin remodeling, further suggesting that AKAP79/150 signaling scaffold targeting depends on actin dynamics. NMDA receptor activation also regulated dendritic spine localization of PKA and CaN and association of the AKAP79/150-PKA complex with PSD–MAGUKs. Because AMPA receptor PKA phosphorylation and synaptic localization are regulated by similar NMDA receptor–CaN signaling pathways linked to hippocampal long-term depression, this regulation of AKAP79/150 postsynaptic targeting might be important for synaptic plasticity.
Bayesian Development of a Dose‐Response Model for Aspergillus fumigatus and Invasive Aspergillosis

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a major cause of mortality in immunocompromized hosts, most often consecutive to the inhalation of spores of Aspergillus. However, the relationship between Aspergillus concentration in the air and probability of IA is not quantitatively known. In this study, this relationship was examined in a murine model of IA. Immunosuppressed Balb/c mice were exposed for 60 minutes at day 0 to an aerosol of A. fumigatus spores (Af293 strain). At day 10, IA was assessed in mice by quantitative culture of the lungs and galactomannan dosage. Fifteen separate nebulizations with varying spore concentrations were performed. Rates of IA ranged from 0% to 100% according to spore concentrations. The dose‐response relationship between probability of infection and spore exposure was approximated using the exponential model and the more flexible beta‐Poisson model. Prior distributions of the parameters of the models were proposed then updated with data in a Bayesian framework. Both models yielded close median dose‐responses of the posterior distributions for the main parameter of the model, but with different dispersions, either when the exposure dose was the concentration in the nebulized suspension or was the estimated quantity of spores inhaled by a mouse during the experiment. The median quantity of inhaled spores that infected 50% of mice was estimated at 1.8 × 104 and 3.2 × 104 viable spores in the exponential and beta‐Poisson models, respectively. This study provides dose‐response parameters for quantitative assessment of the relationship between airborne exposure to the reference A. fumigatus strain and probability of IA in immunocompromized hosts.
CBNU at TREC 2015 Clinical Decision Support Track

This paper describes the participation of the CBNU team at the TREC Clinical Decision Support track 2015. We propose a query expansion method based on a clinical semantic knowledge and a topic model. The clinical semantic knowledge is constructed by using medical terms extracted from Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) and Wikipedia articles. The word and document topics are generated by using a topic model for a document collection. The proposed methods achieved 0.2327 and 0.3033 in the inferred NDCG on Task A and Task B, respectively.
The Noble Eightfold Path: Way to the End of Suffering

This book offers a clear, concise account of the Eightfold Path prescribed to uproot and eliminate the deep underlying cause of suffering--ignorance. Each step of the path is believed to cultivate wisdom through mental training, and includes an enlightened and peaceful middle path that avoids extremes. The theoretical as well as practical angles of each of the paths--right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration--are illustrated through examples from contemporary life. The work's final chapter addresses the Buddhist path and its culmination in enlightenment.
Active monitoring of all-optical networks

This paper shows that it possible to decrease the amount of hardware needed to monitor the quality of transmission (QoT) of lightpaths in all-optical networks by establishing carefully selected ldquoactive lightpathsrdquo, without sacrificing estimation accuracy. The QoT of lightpaths that are not directly measured by monitoring equipment is estimated with the help of additional ldquoactive lightpathsrdquo. We gain extra information about the unobserved lightpaths by measuring the QoT of the carefully chosen active lightpaths, which are activated solely for the purpose of monitoring. We demonstrate with simulations the possibility to trade-off the amount of costly hardware monitoring equipment with cheaper, temporary ldquoactive lightpathsrdquo, while still achieving accurate monitoring.
Parental and hybrid Daphnia from the D. longispina complex: long‐term dynamics in genetic structure and significance of overwintering modes

In recent decades, hybridization has become a focus of attention because of its role in evolutionary processes. However, little is known about changes in genetic structure within and between parental species and hybrids over time. Here, we studied processes of genetic change in parental species and hybrids from the Daphnia longispina complex (Crustacea, Cladocera) over a period of six years across ten habitats. These cyclical parthenogens respond to fluctuating environments by switching from asexual to sexual reproduction. Importantly, sexually produced diapausing eggs, which resist extreme conditions such as low temperatures and serve as dispersal stages, are produced to a lower extent by hybrids. Long‐term microsatellite data revealed clear differences between hybrids and parental species. In hybrids, clonal diversity values were lower, whereas heterozygosity and linkage disequilibrium values were higher compared to parental species. Clonal diversity of hybrids responded to the strength of the winter, with cold winters resulting in few genotypes in the following spring. In time windows when only asexual hybrid females survive, priority effects will favour the establishment of the hybrid offspring before hatchlings from parental diapause eggs can enter the community. The constant high levels of heterozygosity maintained by clonal reproduction in hybrids might lead to their successful establishment over time, when they are able to escape competition from both parental species. Although we found evidence that hybrids diversity depends on fluctuating environments, a direct link between hybrid abundance and the strength of winter was missing. Because of reduced adaptability in clonally reproducing hybrids, multiple factors must contribute to promoting their long‐term success in fluctuating environments.
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor arising from the trigeminal nerve in an adult

A 30-year-old male presented with left facial pain and numbness. Initial MRI demonstrated an enhancing mass involving the left trigeminal nerve. Follow-up imaging showed interval growth with erosion of the sphenoid body. Surgical resection was performed and immunohistochemistry staining was consistent with an atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor. Awareness of this entity and its imaging features such as diffusion restriction, intratumoral hemorrhage, and bony destruction, can help guide confirmatory diagnostic testing and appropriate therapy.
Measurement of Oxide Thickness for MOS Devices, Using Simulation of SUPREM Simulator

A procedure to characterize oxide thickness and conductor layers that are grown or deposited on semiconductor is by studying the characteristics of a MOS capacitor that is formed of the conductor - insulator - semiconductor layers. For a capacitor formed with oxide thickness of 510 A (measured optically), here in this research author measures the oxide thickness by the SUPREM Simulator. Its accuracy depends on the quality of models, parameters and numerical techniques it employ. Authors also verify the result by measurment of capacitance at different voltages using LCR meter and the curve drawn through Visual Engineering Environment Programming (VEE Pro) software. Based on the oxide thickness measurement of a MOS capacitor, one can measure the device parameters, mainly the substrate dopant concentration and other parameter. This research was completed in BEL Laboratory.
Outpatient Surgery and Patient Safety-The Patient's Voice

Abstract : Four outpatient surgery centers from a large Midwestern community participated in this study assessing the impact of an intervention-aimed at improving the collection of patients' pre-operative clinical information-on both the patients' clinical outcomes and staffs' quality of working life. As part of this study the investigators developed a patient telephone survey to assess the incidence of common or undesirable postoperative symptoms and how they were subsequently managed. This survey was adapted from instruments developed in previous work in outpatient follow-up and anesthesiology. In addition to symptom assessment and management, the investigators were interested in determining how participants rated their medication teaching, pre-operative preparation, and postoperative education. The investigators recruited patients to participate in this study who had ophthalmic, open-joint, otolaryngological (ear, nose, and throat), or intra-/extra-abdominal surgery. The investigators contacted the participants via telephone at least 7 days after surgery and asked them a series of questions about symptoms they experienced, how they managed these symptoms, and the education they received. This paper will detail the development and content of the patient survey.
Electrodermal habituation speed and visual monitoring performance.

Previous research has suggested that speed of habituation of the electrodermal orienting response is related to auditory vigilance performance. The present study investigated the relationship between habituation speed, nonspecific response frequency, and detection performance in a complex visual monitoring task. Two levels of task difficulty were employed. In the visual monitoring task, correct detections declined across blocks, and fewer signals were detected in the difficult task condition. Slow habituators detected more signals than fast habituators, but NSR-frequency was not significantly related to the number of correct detections. The implications of these findings for different models of the relationship between habituation speed and vigilance performance are discussed.
Prevalence of aflatoxin B1 in commercial poultry rations in Nigeria.

122 samples of commercial poultry feed from 5 southern states of the Republic of Nigeria were investigated for their content of aflatoxin B1.57. 4% of all samples examined contained aflatoxin B1. The relative prevalence levels in chick, broiler starter, broiler finisher, layers, and growers rations were 33.3, 50.0, 58.4, 68.6, and 52.1%, respectively. The aflatoxin content of the samples analysed varied between 0.57 and 2.55 micrograms/g.
Digital Disability: The Social Construction of Disability in New Media

Part 1 Preface Part 2 Technologies of Disability Chapter 3 Encountering Technology, Media and Culture Chapter 4 Disability in its Social Context Part 5 Networks of Disability Chapter 6 Holding the Line: Telecommunications and Disability Chapter 7 Disability on the Digital Margins: Convergence and the Construction of Disability Part 8 New Mediations of Disability Chapter 9 Getting the Picture on Disability: Digital Broadcasting Futures Chapter 10 Blindspots on the Internet Chapter 11 Cultures of Digital Disability Part 12 Politics of Disabling Digitization Chapter 13 Rewiring Disability
Reduced Complexity MMSE-SIC Detector in V-BLAST Systems

Theoretical and experimental studies have shown that layered space-time architectures like the Vertical Bell labs layered space-time (V-BLAST) system can exploit the capacity advantage of multiple antenna systems in rich-scattering environments. In this paper, we present a reduced complexity algorithm for detecting such architecture with respect to the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. This algorithm bases on the conventional successive interference cancellation (SIC) detection algorithm, but selects several layers with sufficiently large signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINRs) instead of the layer with largest SINR at each stage of successive cancellation, and utilizes the Gram-Schmitt orthogonalization (GSO) to substitute the computation of pseudo-inverse in finding the weight vectors. Therefore the computational complexity of the proposed detection algorithm is significantly reduced but the performance degradation is little.
On the Numerical Evaluation of Distributions in Random Matrix Theory: A Review

In this paper we review and compare the numerical evaluation of those probability distributions in random matrix theory that are analytically represented in terms of Painleve transcendents or Fredholm determinants. Con- crete examples for the Gaussian and Laguerre (Wishart) β-ensembles and their various scaling limits are discussed. We argue that the numerical approximation of Fredholm determinants is the conceptually more simple and efficient of the two approaches, easily generalized to the computation of joint probabilities and correlations. Having the means for extensive numerical explorations at hand, we discovered new and surprising determinantal formulae for the kth largest (or smallest) level in the edge scaling limits of the Orthogonal and Symplec- tic Ensembles; formulae that in turn led to improved numerical evaluations. The paper comes with a toolbox of Matlab functions that facilitates further mathematical experiments by the reader.
Efflux-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in Acinetobacter spp

ABSTRACT Among Acinetobacter spp. , A. baumannii is the most frequently implicated in nosocomial infections, in particular in intensive care units. It was initially thought that multidrug resistance (MDR) in this species was due mainly to horizontal acquisition of resistance genes. However, it has recently become obvious that increased expression of chromosomal genes for efflux systems plays a major role in MDR. Among the five superfamilies of pumps, resistance-nodulation-division (RND) systems are the most prevalent in multiply resistant A. baumannii. RND pumps typically exhibit a wide substrate range that can include antibiotics, dyes, biocides, detergents, and antiseptics. Overexpression of AdeABC, secondary to mutations in the adeRS genes encoding a two-component regulatory system, constitutes a major mechanism of multiresistance in A. baumannii. AdeIJK, intrinsic to this species, is responsible for natural resistance, but since overexpression above a certain threshold is toxic for the host, its contribution to acquired resistance is minimal. The recently described AdeFGH, probably regulated by a LysR-type transcriptional regulator, also confers multidrug resistance when overexpressed. Non-RND efflux systems, such as CraA, AmvA, AbeM, and AbeS, have also been characterized for A. baumannii, as have AdeXYZ and AdeDE for other Acinetobacter spp. Finally, acquired narrow-spectrum efflux pumps, such as the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) members TetA, TetB, CmlA, and FloR and the small multidrug resistance (SMR) member QacE in Acinetobacter spp. , have been detected and are mainly encoded by mobile genetic elements.
SiC Die Attach Metallurgy and Processes for Applications up to 500 $^{\circ}{\rm C}$

The challenges of packaging SiC-based electronics for high-temperature applications include their high operating temperatures, wide thermal cycle ranges, and, sometimes, high currents and high voltages. As a result, the selection of metallurgy for high-temperature SiC die attach is crucial to a successful package design, which involves chip metallization, substrate metallization, and die attach alloy. This paper examines off-eutectic Au-Sn as the die attach alloy with a PtAu thick film metallization on AlN substrates. A pure Au thick film layer was printed over the PtAu thick film layer. AlN substrates metalized with refractory MoMn and electroplated Ni/Au were also used. Two different die attach approaches have been investigated, using Sn-Au-Sn off-eutectic thick foil and limited-volume eutectic AuSn (80/20 wt.%) preform. The SiC backside metallizations evaluated were Ti/TaSi2/Pt/Au and Cr/NiCr/Au. Die shear tests were performed after aging at 500°C and after thermal cycling. The shear test results and failure surface analysis are discussed.
A Look-Ahead Task Management Unit for Embedded Multi-Core Architectures

Efficient utilization of multi-core architectures relies on the partitioning of applications into tasks and mapping the tasks to cores. In some applications (e.g. H.264 video decoding parallelized at macro-block level) these tasks have dependencies among each other. Task scheduling, consisting of selecting a task with satisfied dependencies and mapping it to a core, is typically a functionality delegated to the operating system. In this paper we present a hardware Task Management Unit (TMU) that looks ahead in time to find tasks to be executed by a multi-core architecture. The look-ahead functionality is shown to reduce the task management overhead by 40-50% when executing a parallelized version of an H.264 video decoder on an architecture with up to 16 cores. In overall, the TMU-based multi-core architecture reaches a speedup of more than 14times on 16 cores running H.264 video decoding, assuming CABAC is implemented in a dedicated coprocessor.
Comparison of noninvasive and remote temperature estimation employing magnetic nanoparticles in DC and AC applied fields

This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of noninvasive and remote temperature estimation employing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in DC and AC applied fields. A Langevin function that describes the magnetization of the MNPs in different applied magnetic fields is investigated to obtain a noninvasive and remote measurement of on-site temperature using MNPs. Several nonlinear functions, in which temperature and concentration are independent variances, are found by discretizing the Langevin function model of the magnetization of MNPs. Then, the temperature estimation range from 310 K to 350 K is transformed to the solution of the nonlinear function using the temperature independence of the saturation magnetization of the MNPs.
Semi-supervised latent variable models for sentence-level sentiment analysis

We derive two variants of a semi-supervised model for fine-grained sentiment analysis. Both models leverage abundant natural supervision in the form of review ratings, as well as a small amount of manually crafted sentence labels, to learn sentence-level sentiment classifiers. The proposed model is a fusion of a fully supervised structured conditional model and its partially supervised counterpart. This allows for highly efficient estimation and inference algorithms with rich feature definitions. We describe the two variants as well as their component models and verify experimentally that both variants give significantly improved results for sentence-level sentiment analysis compared to all baselines.
The sensitivity of marine N2 fixation to dissolved inorganic nitrogen

The dominant process adding nitrogen (N) to the ocean, di-nitrogen (N2) fixation, is mediated by prokaryotes (diazotrophs) sensitive to a variety of environmental factors. In particular, it is often assumed that consequential rates of marine N2 fixation do not occur where concentrations of nitrate (NO−3) and/or ammonium (NH+4) exceed 1μM because of the additional energetic cost associated with assimilating N2 gas relative to NO−3 or NH+4. However, an examination of culturing studies and in situ N2 fixation rate measurements from marine euphotic, mesopelagic, and benthic environments indicates that while elevated concentrations of NO−3 and/or NH+4 can depress N2 fixation rates, the process can continue at substantial rates in the presence of as much as 30μM NO−3 and/or 200μM NH+4. These findings challenge expectations of the degree to which inorganic N inhibits this process. The high rates of N2 fixation measured in some benthic environments suggest that certain benthic diazotrophs may be less sensitive to prolonged exposure to NO−3 and/or NH+4 than cyanobacterial diazotrophs. Additionally, recent work indicates that cyanobacterial diazotrophs may have mechanisms for mitigating NO−3 inhibition of N2 fixation. In particular, it has been recently shown that increasing phosphorus (P) availability increases diazotroph abundance, thus compensating for lower per-cell rates of N2 fixation that result from NO−3 inhibition. Consequently, low ambient surface ocean N:P ratios such as those generated by the increasing rates of N loss thought to occur during the last glacial to interglacial transition may create conditions favorable for N2 fixation and thus help to stabilize the marine N inventory on relevant time scales. These findings suggest that restricting measurements of marine N2 fixation to oligotrophic surface waters may underestimate global rates of this process and contribute to uncertainties in the marine N budget.
Functional enhancements of TMR for power efficient and error resilient ASIC designs

Progressive technology scaling raises the need for efficient VLSI design methods facing the increasing vulnerability to permanent physical defects, while considering power efficiency of resulting circuit implementations at the same time. Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) represents a common method to encounter reliability problems, but has the drawback of increased area and power consumption. This work introduces a Low Power Redundant (LPR) design solution that targets the power penalty of TMR implementations. This is done by enhanced and new functional runtime capabilities for error detection and operation control. By exploiting the inherent modularity and parallelism of TMR, the LPR solution applies additional control logic to switch dynamically between compare phases (to indicate faults and their locations) and parallel operation (with reduced operation frequency). This allows power optimized circuit operation with full support for the treatment of permanent faults. Simulation results on different ALU implementations show a decrease of power consumption of up to 60 % compared to conventional TMR. Furthermore, different strategies for the switching between operation modes are introduced that enable power efficient system operation in the presence of permanent physical defects. Moreover, significant reliability improvements are also achieved due to the adaptive use of the redundant modules.