Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Debris disks as seen by Herschel/DUNES†

The far-infrared excesses produced by debris disks are common features of stellar systems. These disks are thought to contain solids ranging from micron-sized dust to planetesimals. Naturally, their formation and evolution are linked to those of potential planets. With this motivation, the Herschel open time key programme DUNES (DUst around NEarby Stars) aims at further characterising known debris disks and discovering new ones in the regime explored by the Herschel space observatory. On the one hand, in their survey of 133 nearby FGK stars, DUNES discovered a class of extremely cold and faint debris disks, different from well-known disks such as the one around Vega in that their inferred typical grain sizes are rather large, indicating low dynamical excitation and low collision rates. On the other hand, for the more massive disk around the sun-like star HD 207129, well-resolved PACS images confirmed the ring-liked structure seen in HST images and provided valuable information for an in-depth study and benchmark for models. Employing both models for power-law fitting and collisional evolution we found the disk around HD 207129 to feature low collision rates and large grains, as well. Transport by means of Poynting-Robertson drag likely plays a role in replenishing the dust seen closer to the star, inside of the ring. The inner edge is therefore rather smooth and the contribution from the extended halo of barely bound grains is small. Both slowly self-stirring and planetary perturbations could potentially have formed and shaped this disk (© 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On ramification divisors of functions in a punctured compact riemann surface.

Let v be a compact Riemann surface and v' be the complement in v of a nonvoid finite subset. Let M(v') be the field of meromorphic functions in v'. In this paper we study the ramification divisors of the functions in M(v') which have exponential singularities of finite degree at the points of v-v', and one proves, for instance, that if a function in M(v') belongs to the subfield generated by the functions of this type, and has a finite ramification divisor, it also has a finite divisor. It is also proved that for a given finite divisor d in v', the ramification divisors (with a fixed degree) of the functions of the said type whose divisor id d, define a proper analytic subset of a certain symmetric power of v'.
Propagation properties of partially coherent dark hollow beams with rectangular symmetry through aligned paraxial optical systems

Propagation properties of partially coherent dark hollow beams with rectangular symmetry through aligned paraxial optical systems are investigated in this paper. Based on the unified theory of coherence and polarization, the analytical formulae for cross-spectral density both in source and reference plane are derived in tensor forms with the help of generalized paraxial Collins formula. By using the transmitting matrix law, we set up a general aligned ABCD optical system in order to analyze the propagation properties of beams passing through it. Numerical results show that intensity distribution in transversal output plane is easily influenced by coherence length in the source plane; oppositely it shows no variation by varying beam orders or dark-size adjusting parameter. We also investigate varying effects of two sorts of beam source parameters on degree of coherence in the transversal reference plane. Finally we show the relationship between dark-size adjusting parameter and paraxial transmitting intensity. Results show that when we decrease dark-size parameter to a certain number, the average intensity around the focal point disappear which is very different from ordinarily situation. All results in this paper may provide an effect way to describe and treat atom trapping and guiding by applying rectangular DHB.
A modified harmony search algorithm for the multi-objective flowshop scheduling problem with due dates

This paper presents a modified harmony search optimisation algorithm (MHSO), specifically designed to solve two- and three-objective permutation flowshop scheduling problems, with due dates. To assess its capability, five sets of scheduling problems have been used to compare the MHSO with a known and highly efficient genetic algorithm (GA) chosen as the benchmark. Obtained results show that the new procedure is successful in exploring large regions of the solution space and in finding a significant number of Pareto non-dominated solutions. For those cases where the exhaustive evaluation of sequences can be applied the algorithm is able to find the whole non-dominated Pareto border, along with a considerable number of solutions that share the same optimal values for the considered optimisation parameters. To validate the algorithm, five sets of scheduling problems are investigated in-depth in comparison with the GA. Results obtained by both methods (exhaustive solutions have been provided as well for small sized problems) are fully described and discussed.
Supremum versions of the log-rank and generalized wilcoxon statistics

Abstract Considerable progress has been made in generalizing to censored data hypothesis tests based on rank statistics. The most commonly used generalizations are the log-rank test statistic, which extends the Savage exponential scores statistic (Cox 1972; Mantel 1966) and the generalized Wilcoxon statistics (Gehan 1965; Peto and Peto 1972). Gill (1980) showed that in the two-sample problem the asymptotic efficiency properties of the Savage and Wilcoxon statistics are maintained in censored data by the log-rank and Peto and Peto Wilcoxon statistics, respectively, when censoring is the same in both samples. Heuristics and simulations have implied that some recently proposed supremum statistics, closely related to these two popular linear rank statistics, can be used to construct tests that provide good power against a much wider range of nonlocal alternatives (see, e.g., Fleming and Harrington 1981; Fleming, O'Brien, O'Fallon, and Harrington 1980; Gill 1980; Schumacher 1984). In this article we consider n.
Dyadic analysis of partially coherent submillimeter-wave antenna systems

We describe a procedure for simulating the behavior of partially coherent submillimeter-wave antenna systems. The procedure is based on the principle that the second-order statistical properties of any partially coherent vector field can be decomposed into a sum of fully coherent, but completely uncorrelated, natural modes. Any of the standard electromagnetic analysis techniques-physical optics, geometrical theory of diffraction, etc.-can be used to propagate and scatter the modes individually, and the statistical properties of the total transformed field reconstructed at the output surface by means of superposition. In the case of modal optics-plane waves, Gaussian optics, waveguide mode matching, etc.-the properties of the field can be traced directly by means of scattering matrices. The overall procedure is of considerable value for calculating the behavior of astronomical instruments comprising planar and waveguide multimode bolometers, submillimeter-wave optical components, and large reflecting antennas.
Grouping Optimization Based on Social Relationships

Grouping based on social relationships is a complex problem since the social relationships within a group usually form a complicated network. To solve the problem, a novel approach which uses a combined sociometry and genetic algorithm (CSGA) is presented. A new nonlinear relation model derived from the sociometry is established to measure the social relationships, which are then used as the basis in genetic algorithm (GA) program to optimize the grouping. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, three real datasets collected from a famous college in Taiwan were utilized. Experimental results show that CSGA optimizes the grouping effectively and efficiently and students are very satisfied with the grouping results, feel the proposed approach interesting, and show a high repeat intention of using it. In addition, a paired sample t-test shows that the overall satisfaction on the proposed CSGA approach is significantly higher than the random method.
Design of Integrated Triple Band Notched for Ultra-wide Band Microstrip Antenna

Ultra-wideband (UWB) is one of the recent topics that received a great concern from academia and industry. However, UWB found many difficulties to be standardized due to the overlay working that made UWB an important potential interference source to many licensed and unlicensed spectrum throughout the band 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. This paper demonstrates the design of integrated triple band notched for UWB Microstrip antenna. We simulated UWB short range systems which require low power and these are built using inexpensive digital components. We proposed a compact triple band notched CPW (Co-planar Waveguide) fed Micro strip Antenna (MSA) for UWB. This band-notched antenna has rejection characteristics at 3.2 GHz (for Wi-MAX band 3.16 to 3.32 GHz), at 5.5 GHz (for WLAN 2 band—5.3 to 5.72 GHz) and at 7.9 GHz (for ITU band 7.72 GHz to 8.13 GHz). The simulation was done using IE3D simulator.
Unitary and paraunitary systems in finite fields

Unitary and paraunitary matrices have found a number of applications in signal processing. A paraunitary matrix H(z) in the complex field is nothing but a rational function of z (with complex coefficients), which is unitary for z=e/sup jw/. When computations are performed in a finite field, it is important to deal with this class of matrices in a finite field. Unitary and paraunitary matrices in finite fields are introduced. Various properties are studied, including the possibility of factorizations in terms of Householder building blocks. For the case of FIR (finite impulse response) systems, state-space manifestation of the paraunitary property is also considered. <<ETX>>
Decentralised L 1 adaptive control for large-scale non-linear systems with interconnected unmodelled dynamics

In this study, the authors investigate a decentralised ℒ 1 adaptive controller design for a class of large-scale non-linear systems, with stable linear part and with interconnected non-linearities and unmodelled dynamics. The decentralised adaptive identifiers are presented to design the decentralised ℒ 1 adaptive control scheme. The local ℒ 1 adaptive controller for each subsystem ensures uniformly bounded transient tracking for subsystem's input and output, simultaneously. The controlled closed-loop decentralised adaptive system can recover the performance of the closed-loop large-scale centralised reference system by increasing the adaptation rates of local controllers. Simulation results for two inverted pendulums on carts are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
The concept of attributable risk in epidemiological practice

Different epidemiological parameters have been suggested for the quanitification of the impact of an exposure factor on the burden of morbidity of a population, termed “attributable risk”. Of these definitions, the “AR” as introduced by Levin (1953), including some transformations, is most commonly used. A structured search of the Medline TM database for publications dealing with this AR (1966 to 1996) identified 334 such original studies (mostly case control studies) and meta analyses, with a considerable increase during the last decade. Mostly, no precise reference was made to the definition of AR employed (64.5%). Adjustment procedures were performed in only 37.5% of studies, confidence intervals for point estimates of AR were calculated by only 19.3% of authors. Thus, in view of an encouraging popularity of this important public health parameter, the correct application of AR should be promoted further. Zur Quantifizierung des Einflusses einer Exposition auf die Morbiditatslast einer Population sind verschiedene epidemiologische Parameter vorgeschlagen worden, welche als “attributables Risiko” bezeichnet werden. Von diesen Definitionen ist das von Levin (1953) eingefuhrte “AR” besonders verbreitet. Eine strukturierte Literaturrecherche in der Medlin TM Datenbank nach Publikationen zum AR (1966 bis 1996) konnte 334 derartige Originalarbeiten (meist Fall-Kontroll-Studien) und Metaanalysen identifizieren, mit einer deutlichen Zunahme innerhalb der letzten zehn Jahre. Bei den meisten Publikationen wurde die verwendete Definition des AR nicht angegeben (64,5%). Eine Adjustierung fur den Einflus von Kovariablen war nur bei 37,5% der Studien erfolgt, Konfidenzintervalle fur die Punktschatzer des AR waren nur von 19,3% der Autoren berechnet worden. Somit mus angesichts der erfreulichen Zunahme der Verwendung dieses wichtigen Parameters die korrekte Anwendung des AR gefordert werden.
Nanotopography of graphene

Microscopically clean graphene surfaces are scrutinized via atomic resolution high angle dark field imaging and electron energy loss spectroscopy for presence of adsorbed atoms. Carbon ad‐atoms can be observed in dark field images, whereas hydrogen is revealed in electron loss spectra. Spectrum images show the spatial distribution of hydrogen in pristine and deliberately H‐dosed graphene; hydrogen is found on all graphene surfaces but the coverage is higher and more uniform in dosed samples. On clean surfaces the energy loss is characteristic of the ground level excitation in atomic hydrogen, whereas a spread in the hydrogen energy levels is found in hydrocarbon deposits. A rippling effect in the graphene sheets is revealed when lattice images are processed using fast Fourier transform (FFT) techniques. This contrast effect originates from changes in the bond length projection, due to inclinations of the sheet. It is suggested that point defects – vacancies and ad‐atomes – influence the ripple patterns.
Some remarks on the truncation used in partial flood series models

In the partial duration series approach to the problem of flood analysis, the truncation level above which streamflow is regarded as flood flow plays a key role. In the absence of a systematic and well defined method for selecting such a level in practice, it is desirable to know how different choices effect the obtained results. We base our mathematical investigation on some commonly used partial flood series models to show that once the time-dependent Poisson process, used in modeling flood frequency is found applicable with a certain truncation level, then it should remain so with any higher truncation level. We also point out that this same property holds true for the exponential distribution widely used in the study of flood magnitude. At the end of our investigation we give a number of remarks on some problems involved in the practical application of partial duration series models.
Mechanical Behavior of Water Deionizing Granular Material Bed for Space Life Support Systems

AbstractOne of the most critical components in the oxygen-generation and water-processing assemblies for human habitation in space is the deionizing (DI) bed—a packed bed of ion-exchange resin beads—that purifies water. The DI bed shrinks during the course of its operation, and therefore, for the bed to work satisfactorily, it must be kept properly compressed. To understand the force-transferring mechanism along the bed, sets of experimental programs were developed and conducted on the individual particles and bed samples of a DI granular material, Amberlite IRN-78. The presence of water reduced the load-bearing capacity of the individual particles, because most of the wet (water submerged) particles tested failed under relatively small crushing force, whereas the dry particles withstood a much higher load. The particle crushing force was found to be closely represented by normal and Weibull distributions. The DI material bed has a relatively small internal friction angle (shear strength). The lateral pre.
Effective mass approximation for two extreme semiconductors: Band gap of PbS and CuBr nanoparticles

An effective mass approximation (EMA) with finite-depth square-well potential is used to investigate the size-dependent band gap (BG) of PbS and CuBr nanoparticles embedded in different matrices. These two materials are interesting from the theoretical point of view as PbS is a low-BG material with smaller effective masses and larger dielectric constants, whereas CuBr is a wide-BG material with larger effective masses and smaller dielectric constants. Comparing the experimental BGs with our theoretical calculations, it is shown that EMA provides a better description of the experimental data, especially for CuBr, when the Coulomb interaction having the size-dependent dielectric constant is included in the calculation. Further, comparing the change in the BG of spherical nanoparticle, nanowire and thin film, it is predicted that the effective dimensionality of semiconductor nanoparticles can be increased by embedding them in another semiconducting matrix.
Retina imaging in vivo with the adaptive optics confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope

An adaptive optics confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) for retina imaging is devoloped in this paper. By using a wavefront sensor (Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor with 11×11 lenslet array) to measure aberrations of human eye and a wavefront compensator (37-channel PZT deformable mirror) to correct for the aberrations, the AOSLO system can acquire near diffraction-limited image of human retina over the whole field of view (1×1 degree ~ 3×3 degree). The imaging frequency is 30Hz, which provides a real-time observation of human cone mosaic in vivo. The system has potential application in early disease diagnose and vision research.
Enhancement of the low-frequency response of a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier slow light-based microwave phase shifter by forced coherent population oscillations

The enhancement of the low frequency gain response of a microwave phase shifter based on slow light in a bulk reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA), by using forced coherent population oscillations (FCPO), is experimentally demonstrated. FCPO is achieved by simultaneously modulating the input optical power and bias current. The beat signal gain improvement ranges from 45 to 0 dB over a frequency range of 0.5 to 2.5 GHz, thereby improving the noise performance of the phase shifter. Tunable phase shifts of up to 40º are possible over this frequency range.
On the integration of kinetic models using a high‐order taylor series method

A general equation to derive kinetic models up to any order is given. This equation greatly facilitates the application of the Taylor series method to the integration of kinetic models up to very high orders. When dealing with non‐stiff models, computing time is always reduced by increasing the integration order, at least up to the 20th order. When the model is stiff, the integration order should be optimized; however, a twelfth order is recommended to integrate weakly stiff models. The use of an algorithm which permits the immediate calculation of the integration step size required to maintain a given accuracy leads to further reductions in computing time. When implemented as recommended here, a high‐order Taylor series method is more rapid and accurate than Runge–Kutta and predictor‐corrector methods and can be advantageously used in combination with optimization methods to perform mechanism studies and in multicomponent kinetic determinations.
Injection and coalescence of bubbles in a very viscous liquid

The periodic generation of bubbles by injection of a gas at constant flow rate through an orifice at the bottom of a quiescent liquid of high viscosity is investigated numerically. The volume of the bubbles is determined as a function of a capillary number and a Bond number in the absence of inertial effects. Pairs of bubbles coalesce in the vicinity of the orifice when the capillary number is higher than a critical value that depends on the Bond number, but the final volume of the bubbles still follows a well-known scaling law at large capillary numbers. Qualitative experimental visualizations are presented that display the sequences of detachment and coalescence computed numerically.
Beam steering in narrow-stripe, high-power 980 nm laser diodes

High-power, 980 nm laser diodes are currently used to optically pump erbium-doped fiber-amplifiers for telecommunication systems. In this capacity, the laser diode must reliably provide high output power in a stable optical beam with efficient power coupling to the waveguide-mode of the fiber amplifier. To this end, narrow-stripe devices capable of single spatial mode operation are utilized. These devices typically employ weak lateral guiding to ensure single mode operation while maximizing the spatial size of the fundamental mode to reduce the peak power density and thus prevent catastrophic optical damage on the output facet. We employed near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) to image the output of a 980 nm, graded-index, separate-confinement, heterostructure (GRINSCH) laser diode that exhibits a kink in the light versus current (L-I) curve and lateral beam steering. Measurements were performed on the output of both the antireflection and high-reflection coated facets. We correlate the NSOM images of the laser near-field with far-field measurements of beam-steering as a function of the laser diode operating current with an emphasis on the behavior at around the L-I kink.
Die deutsche Version des Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) – psychometrische Eigenschaften in einer bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Stichprobe

Zusammenfassung Für die Erfassung früher traumatischer Erlebnisse hat sich international die Kurzform des Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) durchgesetzt, die Aspekte kindlichen Missbrauchs und Vernachlässigung erfasst. Zur Überprüfung psychometrischer Eigenschaften der dt. Version wurde der CTQ in einer bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Stichprobe (N=2 500) eingesetzt. Die 5-Faktoren-Struktur des Originals zeigte eine nur ausreichende Modellgüte vor allem aufgrund hoher Interkorrelation und geringer interner Konsistenz der Skala „körperliche Vernachlässigung“. Die internen Konsistenzen der anderen Subskalen waren mit α≥0,80 hoch. Die Konstruktvalidität konnte durch positive Korrelationen mit Ängstlichkeit/Depressivität sowie durch negative Korrelationen mit Lebenszufriedenheit belegt werden. Für die retrospektive Erfassung von Kindesmisshandlungen stellt die dt. Kurzversion des CTQ ein reliables und valides Selbstbeurteilungsinstrument dar. Die Skala „körperliche Vernachlässigung“ ist mit Vorsicht einzusetzen.
Consistency of the Takens estimator for the correlation dimension

Motivated by the problem of estimating the fractal dimension of a strange attractor, we prove weak consistency of U-statistics for stationary ergodic and mixing sequences when the kernel function is unbounded, extending by this earlier results of Aaronson, Burton, Dehling, Gilat, Hill and Weiss. We apply the obtained results to show consistency of the Takens estimator for the con-elation dimension.