Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Mobility and Retention of Selected Engineered Nanoparticles Beneath Landfills

ii Co-Authorship. iii Dedication . iv Acknowledgements . v List of Tables . x List of Figures . xi List of Appendices . xvi List of Abbreviations . xvii Nomenclature . xviii Chapter 1 .
FUZZY LOGIC FOR CHEMOINFORMATICS – A REVIEW

Fuzzy logic and fuzzy systems are gaining widespread acceptance in a large variety of fields, including but not limited to engineering, commercial, forecasting, artificial intelligence, etc. This paper is for beginners who try to use fuzzy logic in Chemoinformatics. Since, there are lot of uncertainties, vagueness and ambiguity during drug design and other simulations carried out in Chemoinformatics, there is a high need of understanding the ability of fuzzy logic in representing and modeling these parameters in much effective and efficient way. This paper presents an introductory review of fuzzy logic and its applications to Chemoinformatics.
Hamiltonian Cycles in Triangular Grids

We study the Hamiltonian Cycle problem in graphs induced by subsets of the vertices of the tiling of the plane with equilateral triangles. By analogy with grid graphs we call such graphs triangular grid graphs. Following the analogy, we define the class of solid triangular grid graphs. We prove that the Hamiltonian Cycle problem is NPcomplete for triangular grid graphs. We show that with the exception of the “Star of David”, a solid triangular grid graph without cut vertices is always Hamiltonian.
Intensive medical therapy versus coronary angioplasty for suppression of myocardial ischemia in survivors of acute myocardial infarction: a prospective, randomized pilot study.

BACKGROUND Patients who have inducible ischemia after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) generally undergo coronary angiography with the intent to revascularize. Whether this approach is superior to intensive treatment with anti-ischemic medications is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a prospective, randomized pilot study comparing intensive medical therapy with coronary angioplasty (PTCA) for suppression of myocardial ischemia in 44 stable survivors of AMI. Myocardial ischemia was quantified with adenosine 201Tl tomography (SPECT) performed 4.5+/-2.9 days after AMI. All patients at baseline had a large total (>/=20%) and ischemic (>/=10%) left ventricular perfusion defect size (PDS). SPECT was repeated at 43+/-26 days after therapy was optimized. The total stress-induced PDS was comparably reduced with medical therapy (from 38+/-13% to 26+/-16%; P<0.0001) and PTCA (from 35+/-12% to 20+/-16%; P<0.0001). The reduction in ischemic PDS was also similar (P=NS) in both groups. Cardiac events occurred in 7 of 44 patients over 12+/-5 months. Patients who remained clinically stable had a greater reduction in ischemic PDS (-13+/-9%) than those who had a recurrent cardiac event (-5+/-7%; P<0.02). Event-free survival was superior in the 24 patients who had a significant (>/=9%) reduction in PDS (96%) compared with those who did not (65%; P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS In this small pilot study, intensive medical therapy and PTCA were comparable at suppressing ischemia in stable patients after AMI. Sequential imaging with adenosine SPECT can track changes in PDS after anti-ischemic therapies and thereby predict subsequent outcome. Corroboration of these preliminary findings in a larger cardiac-event trial is warranted.
Estimating the loudness balance of musical mixtures using audio source separation

To assist with the development of intelligent mixing systems, it would be useful to be able to extract the loudness balance of sources in an existing musical mixture. The relative-to-mix loudness level of four instrument groups was predicted using the sources extracted by 12 audio source separation algorithms. The predictions were compared with the ground truth loudness data of the original unmixed stems obtained from a recent dataset involving 100 mixed songs. It was found that the best source separation system could predict the relative loudness of each instrument group with an average root-mean-square error of 1.2 LU, with superior performance obtained on vocals.
Study of the Effect of Temporal Sampling Frequency on DSCOVR Observations Using the GEOS-5 Nature Run Results (Part I): Earth's Radiation Budget

Satellites always sample the Earth-atmosphere system in a finite temporal resolution. This study investigates the effect of sampling frequency on the satellite-derived Earth radiation budget, with the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) as an example. The output from NASA’s Goddard Earth Observing System Version 5 (GEOS-5) Nature Run is used as the truth. The Nature Run is a high spatial and temporal resolution atmospheric simulation spanning a two-year period. The effect of temporal resolution on potential DSCOVR observations is assessed by sampling the full Nature Run data with 1-h to 24-h frequencies. The uncertainty associated with a given sampling frequency is measured by computing means over daily, monthly, seasonal and annual intervals and determining the spread across different possible starting points. The skill with which a particular sampling frequency captures the structure of the full time series is measured using correlations and normalized errors. Results show that higher sampling frequency gives more information and less uncertainty in the derived radiation budget. A sampling frequency coarser than every 4 h results in significant error. Correlations between true and sampled time series also decrease more rapidly for a sampling frequency less than 4 h.
Neuromemristive Systems: Boosting Efficiency through Brain-Inspired Computing

Neuromemristive systems (NMSs) are gaining traction as an alternative to conventional CMOS-based von Neumann systems because of their greater energy and area efficiency. A proposed NMS accelerator for machine-learning tasks reduced power dissipation by five orders of magnitude, relative to a multicore reduced-instruction set computing processor.
Steroid sulfatase inhibitors

Steroid sulfatase (STS) regulates the local production of estrogens and androgens from systemic precursors in several tissues. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of the sulfate esters of 3‐hydroxy steroids, which are inactive transport or precursor forms of the active 3‐hydroxy steroids. STS inhibitors are expected to block the local production and, consequently, to reduce the local levels of the hormones. Therefore, they are considered as potential new therapeutic agents for the treatment of estrogen‐ and androgen‐dependent disorders. Indications range from cancers of the breast, endometrium and prostate to androgenetic alopecia and acne. In this review, we give a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge and problems in the field of medicinal chemistry of STS inhibitors. The various types of inhibitors are presented and their structure‐activity relationships are discussed. In addition to potent arylsulfamate‐based, irreversible inhibitors, novel types of reversible inhibitors were recently discovered. The recent publication of the X‐ray structure of STS will further boost research activities on this attractive target. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 24, No. 4, 529–576, 2004
Quantificação e correlações de parâmetros microbiológicos em queijos minas frescal no sudoeste da Bahia

Minas Frescal cheese is one of the most consumed milk derivatives in Brazil. It is considered a semi-fat cheese with very high humidity content. Such characteristic eases the contamination by micro-organisms. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the occurrence of positive coagulase Staphylococcus, total coliforms, and Escherichia coli on Minas Frescal cheese from south-western Bahia, as well as their correlations. In order to do so, three brands of cheese marketed in the region were analyzed, with samples being collected in duplicated from three different batches. The results were obtained by the count of characteristics colonies and expressed in UFC/g. Data were presented in a descriptive way and the correlations among the parameters were evaluated using the Pearson linear equation. All the samples analyzed presented positive coagulase Staphylococcus contamination and total coliforms above the limit established in legislation. For the Escherichia coli parameter, only 16.6% samples were within the limit stablished by the current legislation. Correlations between the positive coagulase Staphylococcus count, Escherichia coli and total coliforms were moderate and negative (-0.32 and -0.32, respectively), and between Escherichia coli and total coliforms was positive and high (0.99). Therefore, the products analyzed are considered unfit for consumption, with only one brand being considered compliant with the legislation in one of the parameters. Thus, it is understood that the hygienic-sanitary conditions for the manufacturing of such product may not be adequate, posing a risk to the final consumer.
Ornithine Aminotransferase Messenger RNA Expression and Enzymatic Activity in Fetal Porcine Intestine

In most neonatal animals, the small intestinal epithelium is responsible for endogenous arginine production. The ability of neonatal enterocytes to synthesize arginine immediately after birth suggests that the enzymes involved are present prenatally. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate is the common intermediate in the intestinal pathways for the synthesis of citrulline and arginine from both glutamine and proline and is interconverted into ornithine by ornithine aminotransferase (OAT). In this study, OAT enzymatic activity and mRNA expression in the intestine of fetal pigs from 30 to 110 d of gestation were determined. Enzymatic activity (nanomoles per minute per milligram of protein) peaked at d 45 of gestation and increased again between d 60 and 110 of gestation. At 30 and 35 d of gestation, OAT mRNA expression was detected throughout the mucosal epithelium of the small intestine. Throughout the remainder of gestation, OAT expression was notably higher in the villus epithelium than in the crypt epithelium. The presence of OAT in the small intestinal epithelium throughout gestation suggests that the porcine small intestine is capable of interconverting ornithine and pyrroline-5-carboxylate during fetal development. This capability may be important for synthesis of arginine, proline, ornithine, and polyamines for development and metabolic activity of the intestine during gestation or for somatic growth of the fetus.
IEEE 802.11-enabled wake-up radio system: design and performance evaluation

Today, the vast majority of personal communication devices, such as laptops, smartphones, and logically wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) access points feature IEEE 802.11 chipsets. In turn, wake-up radio (WuR) systems are used to reduce the significant energy waste that wireless devices cause during their idle communication mode. A novel WuR system is introduced that enables any IEEE 802.11-enabled device to be used as a WuR transmitter without requiring any hardware modification. The corresponding developed WuR receiver achieves a remarkably low power consumption of 10.8 μW and operates in the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz band. By means of thorough physical tests, it is shown that the proposed IEEE 802.11-based WuR system enables important energy savings.
Do Bankruptcy Codes Matter? A Study of Defaults in France, Germany and the UK

Using a sample of small firms that defaulted on their bank debt in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, we find that large differences in creditors' rights across countries lead banks to adjust their lending and reorganization practices to mitigate costly aspects of bankruptcy law. In particular, French banks respond to a creditor‐unfriendly code by requiring more collateral than lenders elsewhere, and by relying on collateral forms that minimize the statutory dilution of their claims in bankruptcy. Despite such adjustments, bank recovery rates in default remain sharply different across the three countries, reflecting very different levels of creditor protection.
Guidelines to Determine Quality for Web-Based Software Applications

The increasing size and complexity combined with short development cycles for web-based applications has led to the term web crisis whereby undisciplined development techniques work to keep up with user needs. Therefore, defining and measuring the quality of web-based applications has emerged as a compelling area of exploration. By first examining the difference between conventional software applications and web-based software applications, this paper examines why methods used for measuring the quality of conventional software applications now have less applicability and provides a rationale for new factors to define quality for web-based software applications. Further research is proposed for measurement of these factors.
Why We Need More Than Just Randomized Controlled Trials to Establish the Effectiveness of Online Social Networks for Health Behavior Change

Despite their popularity and potential to promote health in large populations, the effectiveness of online social networks (e.g., Facebook) to improve health behaviors has been somewhat disappointing. Most of the research examining the effectiveness of such interventions has used randomized controlled trials (RCTs). It is asserted that the modest outcomes may be due to characteristics specific to both online social networks and RCTs. The highly controlled nature of RCTs stifles the dynamic nature of online social networks. Alternative and ecologically valid research designs that evaluate online social networks in real-life conditions are needed to advance the science in this area.
LDPC Code Density Evolution in the Error Floor Region

Abstract—This short paper explores density evolution (DE) forlow-density parity-check (LDPC) codes at signal-to-noise-ratios(SNRs) that are signiﬁcantly above the decoding threshold. Thefocus is on the additive white Gaussian noise channel and LDPCcodes in which the variable nodes have regular degree.Prior work, using DE, produced results in the error ﬂoorregion which were asymptotic in the belief-propagation decoder’slog-likelihood ratio (LLR) values. We develop expressions whichclosely approximate the LLR growth behavior at moderate LLRmagnitudes. We then produce bounds on the mean extrinsiccheck-node LLR values required, as a function of SNR, such thatthe growth rate of the LLRs exceeds that of a particular trappingset’s internal LLRs such that its error ﬂoor contribution may beeliminated. We ﬁnd that our predictions for the mean LLRs tobe accurate in the error ﬂoor region, but the predictions for theLLR variance to be lacking beyond several initial iterations.Index Terms—Low-density parity-check (LDPC) code, beliefpropagation (BP), sum-product algorithm (SPA) decoding, den-sity evolution, error ﬂoor, Margulis code, trapping set.
NetMemex: Providing Full-Fidelity Traffic Archival

NetMemex explores efficient network traffic archival without any loss of information. Unlike NetFlow-like aggregation, NetMemex allows retrieving the entire packet data including full payload, which makes it useful in forensic analysis, networked and distributed system research, and network administration. Different from packet trace dumps, NetMemex performs sophisticated data compression for small storage space use and optimizes the data layout for fast query processing. NetMemex takes advantage of high-speed random access of flash drives and inexpensive storage space of hard disk drives. These efforts lead to a cost-effective yet high-performance full traffic archival system. We demonstrate that NetMemex can record full-fidelity traffic at near-Gbps rates using a single commodity machine, handling common queries at up to 90.1 K queries/second, at a low storage cost comparable to conventional hard disk-only traffic archival solutions.
Mitigating Public Concerns About Recycled Drinking Water: Leveraging the Power of Voting and Communication

This research studies the perceptions of individuals concerning reused drinking water. Individuals' visceral responses may stigmatize reused water as the water's immediate origin is too clear. In this context, we show how individuals grow more accepting of reused water when their decisions consider others, as opposed to just themselves. First, differences between private and public decision making are quantified using willingness to accept (WTA) data collected in economic experiments. Adult participants first made decisions in a second‐price auction (private rounds) followed by majority‐rule voting (public rounds) on the median price collected in the private rounds. Our results show that participants in the public rounds significantly reduce their WTA. Moreover, a communication treatment using chat boxes further reduced participants' WTA. The recorded chat indicated that particularly messages related to humor and persuasion were powerful influences on participants' voting decisions. The results have applications for sustainable, cost‐effective recycled water projects.
Control of respiration and nitrogen fixation by oxygen and adenine nucleotides in N2-grown Azotobacter chroococcum.

SUMMARY: Oxygen uptake by Azobacter chroococcum (NCIB 8003) grown in continuous culture without fixed nitrogen and with a low mannitol concentration (2°5 g./1.) and treated with lysozyme and EDTA was inhibited by ATP but not by ADP; ADP frequently prevented inhibition by ATP. In preparations obtained by disrupting bacteria suspended in a mixture of defatted bovine serum albumin, sucrose and MgCl2 in the French press, ATP inhibited oxygen uptake with either sodium succinate or sodium isocitrate as substrates and ADP prevented this inhibition; oxygen uptake with glucose-6-phosphate was inhibited by ATP or ADP. A form of respiratory control by nucleotides may thus occur in Azotobacter. Acetylene reduction (a measure of nitrogenase activity) by bacteria treated with lysozyme and EDTA was inhibited by ATP; this was attributed to inhibition of oxygen uptake by ATP causing inhibition of nitrogenase by oxygen. High oxygen solution rates inhibited nitrogenase in whole bacteria or in bacteria treated with lysozyme and EDTA; when the oxygen solution rate was lowered nitrogenase functioned immediately. These observations are probably expressions of processes which protect nitrogenase in whole bacteria from damage by oxygen.
RESONATE: Reverberation environment simulation for improved classification of speech models

Home monitoring systems currently gather information about peoples activities of daily living and information regarding emergencies, however they currently lack the ability to track speech. Practical speech analysis solutions are needed to help monitor ongoing conditions such as depression, as the amount of social interaction and vocal affect is important for assessing mood and well-being. Although there are existing solutions that classify the identity and the mood of a speaker, when the acoustic signals are captured in reverberant environments they perform poorly. In this paper, we present a practical reverberation compensation method called RESONATE, which uses simulated room impulse responses to adapt a training corpus for use in multiple real reverberant rooms. We demonstrate that the system creates robust classifiers that perform within 5 - 10% of baseline accuracy of non-reverberant environments. We demonstrate and evaluate the performance of this matched condition strategy using a public dataset, and also in controlled experiments with six rooms, and two long-term and uncontrolled real deployments. We offer a practical implementation that performs collection, feature extraction, and classification on-node, and training and simulation of training sets on a base station or cloud service.
A 3.3 volt, low distortion ISDN line driver with a novel quiescent current control circuit

A single chip ISDN network terminator in an advanced 3.3 V, 0. 5µ CMOS technology is presented. The circuit features a U-interface line driver with a THD better than -68 dB for an output swing of 5 VppOn a 67 Ω load. A novel quiescent current control circuit is implemented which reduces the variation of the quiescent current and facilitates the driver's compensation.
Copolymers of Pyrrole and α,ω-Dithienyl Terminated Poly(ethylene glycol)

Authors : Nesrin Koken, Esin A. Guvel, Nilgun Kizilcan Abstract : This work presents synthesis of α,ω-dithienyl terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEGTh) capable for further chain extension by either chemical or electrochemical polymerization. PEGTh was characterized by FTIR and 1H-NMR. Further, copolymerization of PEGTh and pyrrole (Py) was performed by chemical oxidative polymerization using ceric (IV) salt as an oxidant (PPy-PEGTh). PEG without end group modification was used directly to prepare copolymers with Py by Ce (IV) salt (PPy-PEG). Block copolymers with mole ratio of pyrrole to PEGTh (PEG) 50:1 and 10:1 were synthesized. The electrical conductivities of copolymers PPy-PEGTh and PPy-PEG were determined by four-point probe technique. Influence of the synthetic route and content of the insulating segment on conductivity and yield of the copolymers were investigated.
A Thematic Segmentation Procedure for Extracting Semantic Domains from Texts

Thematic analysis is essential for a lot of Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, such as text summarization or information extraction. It is a two-dimensional process which has both to identify the thematic segments of a text and to recognize the semantic domain concerned by each of them. This second task requires having a representation of these domains. Such representations are built in Information Retrieval or Text Categorization fields by grouping together the words of a set of texts which have been manually linked to the same domain. We claim that this kind of method can only be apply to characterize very general topics. We propose here a method for building the representation of narrower semantic domains without any manual intervention. First, we present a procedure for the thematic segmentation of texts which relies on lexical cohesion evaluated from a collocation network. This procedure allows us to have basic units that are more thematically coherent than a whole text. Then, we show how these units can be aggregated together, according to a similarity measure, to build the representation of semantic domains in an incremental and unsupervised way.
Oxygen consumption and blood flow in resting mammalian skeletal muscle.

DURAN, WALTER N. , AND EUGENE M. RENKIN. Oxygen consumption and blood flow in resting mammalian skeletal mu&e. Am. J. Physiol. 226(l) : 173-l 77. 1974. -Of a total of 35 isolated blood-perfused, resting dog gracilis muscles, 25 maintained constant oxygen uptake (~oz) at all blood flows (Q) b a ove 2 ml/min X 100 g. In nine muscles, ~OZ varied with Q up to at least 10 ml/min x 100 g, reaching values up to 60 y0 above J? o, at Q = 3 ml/min x 100 g, which was the same as that of ,constant-Voz muscles. One muscle converted spontaneously from %z-dependent to &z-independent relation to flow. Constancy of vo2 was associated with the presence of resistance vessel autoregulation, particularly if transient response criteria for the latter were used. However, abolition of autoregulation by vasodilator drugs did not change the relation of 902 to 02 in any preparation. It is concluded that the Vog-Q relation at flows higher than 3 ml/min x 100 g does not depend on vascular autoregulation, but that it is a characteristic of muscle cell metabolism. Blood flow autoregulation may depend on a metabolic pattern which itself limits O2 uptake.