Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Applying for World Heritage and Local Residents' Cognition of Heritage Values: A Perspective of Social Representation——Based on the Case Study of Kaiping Diaolou and Villages

Social representation is understood as a system of values,ideas and practices constructed around a specific social object by certain social groups,which may be revised and reconstructed under certain conditions.The paper,upon follow-up surveys and interviews during the process of applying for world heritage in Kaiping Diaolou,finds that applying for heritages has provided three new forms of sources(social interactions,direct experiences and media) for the change of local social representation,furthermore promoting the re-understanding from local communities towards the heritage values of Diaolou.In the process,the local residents' cognition shifted continuously from "appearance and function" to "indirect economic values","direct economic values" and "cultural heritage values",reconstructing the social representation of local communities.
FAMILY COMPONENTS AND HOME-BASED DELINQUENCY

Among empirical studies in traditional delinquency, the causal effect of the family has been given a favoured position. Yet little attention has been paid to the influence of family on delinquent behaviour which is more specifically related to the family environment. As a consequence, we wish to investigate the relation between various components of family living and home-based delinquency, which we define as anti-social behaviour committed against the family unit. Furthermore we propose a model of analysis which takes into account structural as well as psycho-sociological aspects of the family.
MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF AN IN SITU PERFUSED HEART FROM THE TURTLE CHRYSEMYS SCRIPTA DURING NORMOXIA AND ANOXIA AT 5 C AND 15 C

We developed an in situ perfused turtle (Chrysemys scripta) heart preparation to study its intrinsic mechanical properties at 5°C and 15°C using normoxic and anoxic perfusion conditions. The in situ preparation proved durable and stable. At 15°C and a spontaneous heart rate of 23.4 beats min-1, maximum stroke volume was 2.54 ml kg-1 body mass, maximum cardiac output was 62.5 ml min-1 kg-1 and maximum cardiac myocardial power output was 1.50 mW g-1 ventricular mass. There was good agreement between these values and those previously obtained in vivo. Furthermore, since the maximum stroke volume observed here was numerically equivalent to that observed in ventilating C. scripta in vivo, it seems likely that C. scripta has little scope to increase stroke volume to a level much beyond that observed in the resting animal through intrinsic mechanisms alone. The ability of the perfused turtle heart to maintain stroke volume when diastolic afterload was raised (homeometric regulation) was relatively poor. At 5°C, the spontaneous heart rate (8.1 beats min-1) was threefold lower and homeometric regulation was impaired, but maximum stroke volume (2.25 ml kg-1) was not significantly reduced compared with the value at 15°C. The significantly lower maximum values for cardiac output (18.9 ml min-1 kg-1) and power output (0.39 mW g-1 ventricular mass) at 5°C were largely related to pronounced negative chronotropy with only a relatively small negative inotropy. Anoxia had weak negative chronotropic effects and marked negative inotropic effects at both temperatures. Negative inotropy affected pressure development to a greater degree than maximum flow and this difference was more pronounced at 5°C than at 15°C. The maximum anoxic cardiac power output value at 15°C (0.77 mW g-1 ventricular mass) was not that different from values previously obtained for the performance of anoxic rainbow trout and hagfish hearts. In view of this, we conclude that the ability of turtles to overwinter under anoxic conditions depends more on their ability to reduce cardiac work to a level that can be supported through glycolysis than on their cardiac glycolytic potential being exceptional.
Evaluation Dataset and System for Japanese Lexical Simplification

We have constructed two research resources of Japanese lexical simplification. One is a simplification system that supports reading comprehension of a wide range of readers, including children and language learners. The other is a dataset for evaluation that enables open discussions with other systems. Both the system and the dataset are made available providing the first such resources for the Japanese language.
An Evidence-based Framework for a Theory of Inheritance

We present an approach to formalizing nonmonotonic multiple inheritance networks by combining concepts from logic programming and multi-valued logics in a uniform framework. A Horn-clause logic language is used for specifying inheritance networks. This allows a natural representation of class-subclass hierarchies and ambiguous inheritance networks. It also provides means for resolving ambiguities resulting from the network topology, but which are not inherent to the problem. We provide a model theory for the language and show how a unique intended model can be associated with every inheritance network. This model resembles the unique extension obtained in the skeptical theory of inheritance [Hor-87], but is more general. Finally, we present an algorithm which realizes the aforementioned semantics.
Serving multicast requests on single-layer and multilayer flexgrid networks

Advanced services require a high bitrate, e.g., multigigabit, multicast connectivity being provided by core transport networks. Multicast services can be supported either by one single tree connecting the source to every destination of the multicast request or by a set of paths. The tree scheme could reduce resource utilization, and as a result of the bitrate that might be required, providing them directly on the optical layer could bring benefits. Apart from those benefits, with the advent of flexgrid technology, connections with 100 and 400 Gbits/s and beyond can be set up, which opens up opportunities to create virtual topologies on which multicast services can be provided. The kind of transponders that are needed under the single-layer and multilayer approaches are slightly different. While bandwidth-variable optical transponders (BVTs) can be used in the multilayer approach, assuming that the virtual topology is supported on high-bitrate optical connections so as to facilitate the performance of grooming, using sliceable BVTs (SBVTs) in the single-layer approach might help to share capacity in the transponders. In this paper, we compare the performance of high-bitrate multicast services using the path and the tree scheme on the single-layer and multilayer approaches. Mathematical programming models for the tree scheme on the two approaches considered are developed to compute the routing for incoming multicast requests in dynamic scenarios. With the goal of reducing computation time, heuristic algorithms providing a much better trade-off between optimally and complexity are proposed. Exhaustive simulation results carried out on three national core network topologies show that the tree scheme on the multilayer approach outperforms the rest of the options.
Wages , Bene fi ts and E ffi ciency in Union-Firm Bargaining

This paper provides an efficient union-firm bargaining solution within the right to manage framework, by separating efficiency and distributional considerations through bargaining over wage and non-wage benefits. We show that without insurance considerations, efficiency is achieved by equating the wage and workers’ opportunity cost and providing the union with a surplus share in accordance with its bargaining power. We also show that with insurance considerations, the optimal contract, again, equates the wage and workers’ opportunity cost, but it also provides full insurance. There is empirical evidence that non-wage benefits are, indeed, common and play an important role in union contracts.
The Effect of Caretaker Separations on Indigenous Adolescents

The family instability hypothesis has been researched among the general population as well as among African American and Mexican American populations, but not yet among Indigenous families. The purpose of this research was to examine whether experiencing separations from their caretakers (lasting at least one month), and the types of living arrangements that follow, affect Indigenous adolescents' risk of meeting criteria for an internalizing, externalizing, or substance use disorder. Diagnostic criteria were assessed in Wave 6 using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-Revised (DISC-R). The hypothesis that as the number of lifetime separations increases, the risk of meeting criteria for each of these three disorders also increases was tested using six waves of data from a sample of 572 Indigenous adolescents. The type of environments that adolescents moved into after separations that occurred during the study were assessed and categorized as either an always normative (relative care) or at least one non-normative (non-kin foster care or institutional settings) environment. Logistic regression results showed very little support for the family instability hypothesis, since the number of lifetime caretaker separations was not significantly related to meeting criteria for any type of disorder. However, this study found that moving into at least one non-normative environment after a separation experienced during the study was associated with higher odds of meeting criteria for externalizing or substance use disorders, but moving into normative environments after each separation did not significantly affect any of the three types of disorder diagnosis. This study found strong evidence that Indigenous adolescents benefit when extended family fill the primary caregiving role in the absence of the primary caretaker. The important programming and policy implications are discussed.
A Context-Aware Personal Desktop Assistant (Demo Paper)

We demonstrate an intelligent personal assistant agent that has been developed to aid a busy knowledge worker in managing time commitments and performing tasks. The PExA agent draws on a diverse set of AI technologies that are linked within the SPARK BDI agent framework. We focus on our agent’s ability to provide assistance within the context of current user activities, based on its recognition of user workflows and their progress, and on its contextsensitive proactive suggestions. We have instrumented a common suite of desktop applications so that, endowed with a sophisticated workflow tracker, PExA has the ability to pervasively monitor the user’s desktop activities. PExA follows and responds to the user’s progress on shared tasks, and is highly user-centric in its support for user needs and its adaptivity to user working style and preferences.
Stimulation of the proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts in vitro by a lipidocolloid dressing.

OBJECTIVE The effect of Urgotul on normal human dermal fibroblast proliferation was studied in vitro and compared with that of two other dressings: Mepitel and Tulle Gras. METHOD Proliferation was measured by the extent of thymidine incorporation into the replicating DNA of proliferative fibroblasts in contact with the complete dressing.Additional cell viability and metabolism were evaluated using MTT assay. Morphology and ultrastructure analysis were based on immunolabelling and confocal laser microscopy. RESULTS Only Urgotul significantly stimulated thymidine incorporation, generally with a maximal proliferative effect at a contact time of 48 hours. This was confirmed by the observation of a greater number of dividing cells (mitotic cells) than in the control cultures. No cytotoxicity was observed following treatment with this dressing. Cells exhibited normal structural and ultrastructural features. CONCLUSION Fibroblasts play a key role in dermal wound repair. The ability of Urgotul to promote fibroblast proliferation could explain its efficiency in the healing process of acute and chronic wounds. DECLARATION OF INTEREST This study was supported by Urgo Laboratories.
Blending Biodiesel in Fishing Boat Fuels for Improved Fuel Characteristics

Biodiesel is a renewable, clean, alternative energy source with advantages such as excellent lubricity, superior biodegradability and high combustion efficiency. Biodiesel is considered for mixing with fishing boat fuels to adjust their fuel characteristics so that toxic pollutants and greenhouse-effect gas emissions from such shipping might be reduced. The effects of blending fishing boat fuels A and B with various weight proportions of biodiesel are experimentally investigated in this study. The results show that biodiesel blending can significantly improve the inferior fuel properties of both fishing boat fuels and particularly fuel B. The flash points of both of these fuels increases significantly with the addition of biodiesel and thus enhances the safety of transporting and storing these blended fuels. The flash point of fishing boat fuel B even increases by 16% with 25 wt% biodiesel blending. The blending of biodiesel with no sulfur content is found to be one of the most effective ways to reduce the high sulfur content of fishing boat fuel, resulting in a reduction in the emission of sulfur oxides. The addition of only 25 wt% biodiesel decreased the sulfur content of the fishing boat fuel by 37%. The high kinematic viscosity of fishing boat fuel B was also observed to be reduced by 63% with the blending of just 25 wt% biodiesel. However, biodiesel blending caused a slight decrease in heating value around 1% to 4.5%.
Using implied scenarios in security testing

Existing security testing techniques often fail to reveal critical security threats, partly because testers focus on testing known and expected behaviours, and consequently, ignore testing for unspecified behaviours that are frequently targeted by attackers. The novel contribution of this paper is an exploratory example of the use of Implied Scenarios detection to the problem of security testing. Implied scenarios arise when the desired global behaviour is implemented component-wise. These scenarios can have security consequences on the system, and thus provide useful feedback for the security posture of the system. We introduce the application of Implied Scenario detection for security testing to reveal unexpected interactions between system components. We motivate its need by drawing on the limitations of existing work on testing for security. We adapt a model-driven approach to guide the testing process. We use an example to illustrate the feasibility and the applicability of the suggestion, and for evaluating its potential benefits.
No-reference document image quality assessment based on high order image statistics

Document image quality assessment (DIQA) aims to predict the visual quality of degraded document images. Although the definition of “visual quality” can change based on the specific applications, in this paper, we use OCR accuracy as a metric for quality and develop a novel no-reference DIQA method based on high order image statistics for OCR accuracy prediction. The proposed method consists of three steps. First, normalized local image patches are extracted with regular grid and a comprehensive document image codebook is constructed by K-means clustering. Second, local features are softly assigned to several nearest codewords, and the direct differences between high order statistics of local features and codewords are calculated as global quality aware features. Finally, support vector regression (SVR) is utilized to learn the mapping between extracted image features and OCR accuracies. Experimental results on two document image databases show that the proposed method can accurately predict OCR accuracy and outperforms previous algorithms.
Linking online dictionaries to Wikipedia

In a dictionary, a word can have different senses, and each sense is described by a gloss. However, a gloss is short and may not be satisfactorily informative to users. Meanwhile, mostly each word sense has a corresponding article in Wikipedia that contains rich information about the concept expressed by the word sense. In this work, we propose two different methods to link online dictionary word senses to the appropriate Wikipedia articles, namely, text similarity and machine learning. Experimental results on Wiktionary and Oxford English Dictionary are also presented.
Assessment of the Abuse Liability of Synthetic Cannabinoid Agonists JWH-030, JWH-175, and JWH-176

The emergence and use of synthetic cannabinoids have greatly increased in recent years. These substances are easily dispensed over the internet and on the streets. Some synthetic cannabinoids were shown to have abuse liability and were subsequently regulated by authorities. However, there are compounds that are still not regulated probably due to the lack of abuse liability studies. In the present study, we assessed the abuse liability of three synthetic cannabinoids, namely JWH-030, JWH-175, and JWH-176. The abuse liability of these drugs was evaluated in two of the most widely used animal models for assessing the abuse potential of drugs, the conditioned place preference (CPP) and self-administration (SA) test. In addition, the open-field test was utilized to assess the effects of repeated (7 days) treatment and abrupt cessation of these drugs on the psychomotor activity of animals. Results showed that JWH-175 (0.5 mg/kg), but not JWH-030 or JWH-176 at any dose, significantly decreased the locomotor activity of mice. This alteration in locomotor activity was only evident during acute exposure to the drug and was not observed during repeated treatment and abstinence. Similarly, only JWH-175 (0.1 mg/kg) produced significant CPP in rats. On the other hand, none of the drugs tested was self-administered by rats. Taken together, the present results indicate that JWH-175, but not JWH-030 and JWH-176, may have abuse potential. More importantly, our findings indicate the complex psychopharmacological effects of synthetic cannabinoids and the need to closely monitor the production, dispensation, and use of these substances.
Remarks on M Theoretic Cosmology

I present cosmological arguments which point towards a Horava-Witten like picture of the universe, with the unification scale of order the fundamental gravitational scale. The SUSY breaking scale is determined by the dynamics of gauge fields which are weakly coupled at the fundamental scale. Bulk moduli whose potential originates at short distances are the inflatons, while bulk moduli whose potential originates from SUSY breaking are the origin of the energy density in the present era. The latter decay just before nucleosynthesis, and a consistent theory of baryogenesis requires that there be renormalizable baryon number violating interactions at the TeV scale. The dark matter is a boundary modulus, perhaps the QCD axion, and the temperature of matter radiation equality is related to the ratio between the fundamental and effective four dimensional Planck scales. The same ratio determines the amplitude of fluctuations in the microwave background.
An evolutionary approach to transduction in support vector machines

This paper presents an evolutionary approach to the training of transductive support vector machines (TSVMs). A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to search for the best labeling of the test set, providing increased convergence performance and more globally optimized solutions. The stochastic nature of GAs makes this approach more likely to reach global minima than the standard transductive SVMs. A gene-dependent mutation operator, motivated by the k-nearest neighbor algorithm, is introduced, accelerating the convergence significantly.
Modelling after-the-fact leakage for key exchange

Security models for two-party authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocols have developed over time to prove the security of AKE protocols even when the adversary learns certain secret values. In this work, we address more granular leakage: partial leakage of long-term secrets of protocol principals, even after the session key is established. We introduce a generic key exchange security model, which can be instantiated allowing bounded or continuous leakage, even when the adversary learns certain ephemeral secrets or session keys. Our model is the strongest known partial-leakage-based security model for key exchange protocols. We propose a generic construction of a two-pass leakage-resilient key exchange protocol that is secure in the proposed model, by introducing a new concept: the leakage-resilient NAXOS trick. We identify a special property for public-key cryptosystems: pair generation indistinguishability, and show how to obtain the leakage-resilient NAXOS trick from a pair generation indistinguishable leakage-resilient public-key cryptosystem.
Association between point-of-care CRP testing and antibiotic prescribing in respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of primary care studies.

BACKGROUND Most patients with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are prescribed antibiotics in general practice. However, there is little evidence that antibiotics bring any value to the treatment of most RTIs. Point-of-care C-reactive protein testing may reduce antibiotic prescribing. AIM To systematically review studies that have examined the association between point-of-care (POC) C-reactive protein testing and antibiotic prescribing for RTIs in general practice. DESIGN AND SETTING Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies. METHOD MEDLINE(®) and Embase were systematically searched to identify relevant publications. All studies that examined the association between POC C-reactive protein testing and antibiotic prescribing for patients with RTIs were included. Two authors independently screened the search results and extracted data from eligible studies. Dichotomous measures of outcomes were combined using risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) either by fixed or random-effect models. RESULTS Thirteen studies containing 10 005 patients met the inclusion criteria. POC C-reactive protein testing was associated with a significant reduction in antibiotic prescribing at the index consultation (RR 0.75, 95% CI = 0.67 to 0.83), but was not associated with antibiotic prescribing at any time during the 28-day follow-up period (RR 0.85, 95% CI = 0.70 to 1.01) or with patient satisfaction (RR 1.07, 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.17). CONCLUSION POC C-reactive protein testing significantly reduced antibiotic prescribing at the index consultation for patients with RTIs. Further studies are needed to analyse the confounders that lead to the heterogeneity.
An inequality on guessing and its application to sequential decoding

Let (X,Y) be a pair of discrete random variables with X taking values from a finite set. Suppose the value of X is to be determined, given the value of Y, by asking questions of the form 'is X equal to x? ' until the answer is 'yes'. Let G(x|y) denote the number of guesses in any such guessing scheme when X=x, Y=y. The main result is a tight lower bound on nonnegative moments of G(X|Y). As an application, lower bounds are given on the moments of computation in sequential decoding. In particular, a simple derivation of the cutoff rate bound for a single-user channels is obtained, and the previously unknown cutoff rate region of multi-access channels is determined.