Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unbiased Sampling of Multidimensional Partial Differential Equations with Random Coefficients

We construct an unbiased estimator for function value evaluated at the solution of a partial differential equation with random coefficients. We show that the variance and expected computational cost of our estimator are finite and our estimator is unsensitive to the problem dimension so that it can be applied in problems across various disciplines. For the error analysis, we connect the parabolic partial differential equations with the expectations of stochastic differential equations and perform rough path estimation.
Small-amplitude static periodic patterns at a fluid–ferrofluid interface

We establish the existence of static doubly periodic patterns (in particular rolls, squares and hexagons) on the free surface of a ferrofluid near onset of the Rosensweig instability, assuming a general (nonlinear) magnetization law. A novel formulation of the ferrohydrostatic equations in terms of Dirichlet–Neumann operators for nonlinear elliptic boundary-value problems is presented. We demonstrate the analyticity of these operators in suitable function spaces and solve the ferrohydrostatic problem using an analytic version of Crandall–Rabinowitz local bifurcation theory. Criteria are derived for the bifurcations to be sub-, super- or transcritical with respect to a dimensionless physical parameter.
Memory effects in measure transport equations

Transport equations with a nonlocal velocity field have been introduced as a continuum model for interacting particle systems arising in physics, chemistry and biology. Fractional time derivatives, given by convolution integrals of the time-derivative with power-law kernels, are typical for memory effects in complex systems. In this paper we consider a nonlinear transport equation with a fractional time-derivative. We provide a well-posedness theory for weak measure solutions of the problem and an integral formula which generalizes the classical push-forward representation formula to this setting.
Hedge Fund Activists and Financial Reporting Complexity: Evidence from the Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets

This study examines whether hedge fund activists use and affect complex financial reporting. Specifically, we investigate whether hedge fund activists target firms with valuation allowances for deferred tax assets and whether target firms are more likely to release valuation allowances after an intervention. We find that the existence and magnitude of, as well as increases in, the valuation allowance are positively associated with the likelihood of a hedge fund activist intervention. We also find that activist interventions are positively associated with releases of valuation allowances in the year of the intervention and for the subsequent two years. Finally, we find that intervention firms’ valuation allowance releases are driven, at least in part, by the subjectivity in ASC 740, rather than by real increases in firm performance. Overall, the evidence is consistent with the valuation allowance conveying decision-useful information to hedge fund activists and these investors using this information to unlock tax value in target firms. five of
P-FLUX: A phosphorus budget dataset spanning diverse agricultural production systems in the United States and Canada

Quantifying spatial and temporal fluxes of phosphorus (P) within and among agricultural production systems is critical for sustaining agricultural production while minimizing environmental impacts. To better understand P fluxes in agricultural land-scapes, P-FLUX, a detailed and harmonized dataset of P inputs, outputs, and budgets, as well as estimated uncertainties for each P flux and budget, was developed. Data were collected from 24 research sites and 61 production systems through the Long-term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network and partner organizations spanning 22 U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces. The objectives of this paper are to (a) present and provide a description of the P-FLUX dataset, (b) provide summary analyses of the agricultural production systems included in the dataset and the variability in P inputs and outputs across systems, and (c) provide details for accessing the dataset, dataset limitations, and an example of future use. P-FLUX includes information on select site characteristics (area, soil series), crop rotation, P inputs (P application rate, source, timing, placement, P in irrigation water, atmospheric deposition), P outputs (crop removal, hydrologic losses), P budgets (agronomic budget, overall budget), uncertainties associated with each flux and budget, and data sources. Phosphorus fluxes and budgets vary across agricultural production systems and are useful resources to improve P use efficiency and develop management strategies to mitigate environmental impacts of agricultural systems. P-FLUX is available for download through the USDA Ag Data Commons (https://doi.org/10.15482/USDA.ADC/1523365).
A radius 1 irreducibility criterion for lattices in products of trees

Let $T_1, T_2$ be regular trees of degrees $d_1, d_2 \geq 3$. Let also $\Gamma \leq \mathrm{Aut}(T_1) \times \mathrm{Aut}(T_2)$ be a group acting freely and transitively on $VT_1 \times VT_2$. For $i=1$ and $2$, assume that the local action of $\Gamma$ on $T_i$ is $2$-transitive; if moreover $d_i \geq 7$, assume that the local action contains $\mathrm{Alt}(d_i)$. We show that $\Gamma$ is irreducible, unless $(d_1, d_2)$ belongs to an explicit small set of exceptional values. This yields an irreducibility criterion for $\Gamma$ that can be checked purely in terms of its local action on a ball of radius $1$ in $T_1$ and $T_2$. Under the same hypotheses, we show moreover that if $\Gamma$ is irreducible, then it is hereditarily just-infinite, provided the local action on $T_i$ is not the affine group $\mathbf F_5 \rtimes \mathbf F_5^*$. The proofs rely, in several ways, on the Classification of the Finite Simple Groups.
Bimodule deformation of fibered manifolds and the HKR theorem

We first want to consider the formal deformation of a fibered manifold $P \rightarrow M$ as a (bi-)module or subalgebra, where $M$ has a given differential star product. Consequently we want to find obstructions for the existence of a bimodule or subalgebra, which turns out to be the curvature of the fiber bundle. Since the order by order construction of this structures amounts to solving equations in the Hochschild cohomology of the smooth functions on $M$ with values in the differential operators on $P$, we proceed to computing this cohomology for the case of a smooth map $P \xrightarrow{p} M$ such that $p(P)$ is a closed submanifold of $M$.
Near-critical reflection of internal waves

Internal waves describe the (linear) response of an incompressible stably stratified fluid to small perturbations. The inclination of their group velocity with respect to the vertical is completely determined by their frequency. Therefore the reflection on a sloping boundary cannot follow Descartes' laws, and it is expected to be singular if the slope has the same inclination as the group velocity. In this paper, we prove that in this critical geometry the weakly viscous and weakly nonlinear wave equations have actually a solution which is well approximated by the sum of the incident wave packet, a reflected second harmonic and some boundary layer terms. This result confirms the prediction by Dauxois and Young, and provides precise estimates on the time of validity of this approximation.
A dichotomy for groupoid $\text{C}^{\ast }$ -algebras

We study the finite versus infinite nature of C $^{\ast }$ -algebras arising from étale groupoids. For an ample groupoid $G$ , we relate infiniteness of the reduced C $^{\ast }$ -algebra $\text{C}_{r}^{\ast }(G)$ to notions of paradoxicality of a K-theoretic flavor. We construct a pre-ordered abelian monoid $S(G)$ which generalizes the type semigroup introduced by Rørdam and Sierakowski for totally disconnected discrete transformation groups. This monoid characterizes the finite/infinite nature of the reduced groupoid C $^{\ast }$ -algebra of $G$ in the sense that if $G$ is ample, minimal, topologically principal, and $S(G)$ is almost unperforated, we obtain a dichotomy between the stably finite and the purely infinite for $\text{C}_{r}^{\ast }(G)$ . A type semigroup for totally disconnected topological graphs is also introduced, and we prove a similar dichotomy for these graph $\text{C}^{\ast }$ -algebras as well.
Stitcher: Learned Workload Synthesis from Historical Performance Footprints

Database benchmarking and workload replay have been widely used to drive system design, evaluate workload performance, de-termine product evolution, and guide cloud migration. However, they both suffer from some key limitations: the former fails to capture the variety and complexity of production workloads; the latter requires access to user data, queries, and machine specifications, deeming it inapplicable in the face of user privacy concerns. Here we introduce our vision of learned workload synthesis to overcome these issues: given the performance profile of a customer workload (e.g., CPU/memory counters), synthesize a new workload that yields the same performance profile when executed on a range of hardware/software configurations. We present Stitcher as a first step towards realizing this vision, which synthesizes workloads by combining pieces from standard benchmarks. We believe that our vision will spark new research avenues in database workload replay.
Influence of a passive back support exoskeleton on simulated patient bed bathing: results of an exploratory study

Abstract Low-back pain is a major concern among healthcare workers. One cause is the frequent adoption of repetitive forward bent postures in their daily activities. Occupational exoskeletons have the potential to assist workers in such situations. However, their efficacy is largely task-dependent, and their biomechanical benefit in the healthcare sector has rarely been evaluated. The present study investigates the effects of a passive back support exoskeleton in a simulated patient bed bathing task. Nine participants performed the task on a medical manikin, with and without the exoskeleton. Results show that working with the exoskeleton induced a significantly larger trunk forward flexion, by 13 deg in average. Due to this postural change, using the exoskeleton did not affect substantially the muscular and cardiovascular demands nor the perceived effort. These results illustrate that postural changes induced by exoskeleton use, whether voluntary or not, should be considered carefully since they may cancel out biomechanical benefits expected from the assistance. Practitioner summary: Low-back pain is a major concern among nurses, associated with bent postures. We observed that using a passive back-support exoskeleton during the typical patient bed bathing activity results in a larger trunk flexion, without changing muscular, cardiovascular or perceived physical effort.
The Strong Perfect Graph Theorem

A graph G is perfect if for every induced subgraph H, the chromatic number of H equals the size of the largest complete subgraph of H, and G is Berge if no induced subgraph of G is an odd cycle of length at least five or the complement of one. The ? strong perfect graph conjecture? (Berge, 1961) asserts that a graph is perfect if and only if it is Berge. A stronger conjecture was made recently by Conforti, Cornu? ejols and Vuiskovi? c ? that every Berge graph either falls into one of a few basic classes, or admits one of a few kinds of separation (designed so that a minimum counterexample to Berge? s conjecture cannot have either of these properties). In this paper we prove both of these conjectures.
(Bi)Hom-Leibniz algebras.

The first aim of this paper is to introduce and study symmetric (Bi)Hom-Leibniz algebras, which are left and right Leibniz algebras. We discuss $\alpha^k\beta^l$-generalized derivations, $\alpha^k\beta^l$ -quasi-derivations and $\alpha^k\beta^l$-quasi-centroid of (Bi)Hom-Leibniz algebras and colour BiHom-Leibniz algebras. The second aim is to define a new type of BiHom-Lie algebras satisfies the following hierarchy \begin{equation*} \displaystyle \{ \text{ BiHom-Lie type $B_1$} \}\supseteq_{\beta=id} \{ \text{ Hom-Lie} \}\supseteq_{\alpha=id} \{ \text{ Lie} \}. \end{equation*} Moreover, define representations and a cohomology of symmetric BiHom- Leibniz algebras of type $B_1$.
Postponement of raa and Glivenko's theorem, revisited (extended version)

This article focuses on the technique of postponing the application of the reduction ad absurdum rule (raa) in classical natural deduction. First, it is shown how this technique is connected with two normalization strategies for classical logic: one given by Prawitz, and the other by Seldin. Secondly, a variant of Seldin's strategy for the postponement of raa is proposed, and the similarities with Prawitz's approach are investigated. In particular, it is shown that, as for Prawitz, it is possible to use this variant of Seldin's strategy in order to induce a negative translation from classical to intuitionistic and minimal logic, which is nothing but a variant of Kuroda's translation. Through this translation, Glivenko's theorem for intuitionistic and minimal logic is proven.
K-Theory of Hilbert Schemes as a Formal Quantum Field Theory

We define a notion of formal quantum field theory and associate a formal quantum field theory to K-theoretical intersection theories on Hilbert schemes of points on algebraic surfaces. This enables us to find an effective way to compute K-theoretical intersection theories on Hilbert schemes via a connection to Macdonald polynomials and vertex operators.
A generalized version of the 2-microlocal frontier prescription

The characterization of local regularity is a fundamental issue in signal and image processing, since it contains relevant information about the underlying systems. The 2-microlocal frontier, a monotone concave downward curve in $\mathbb {R}^2$, provides a complete and profound classification of pointwise singularity. In \cite{Meyer1998}, \cite{GuiJaffardLevy1998} and \cite{LevySeuret2004} the authors show the following: given a monotone concave downward curve in the plane it is possible to exhibit one function (or distribution) such that its 2-microlocal frontier al $x_0$ is the given curve. In this work we are able to unify the previous results, by obtaining a large class of functions (or distributions), that includes the three examples mentioned above, for which the 2-microlocal frontier is the given curve. The three examples above are in this class. Further, if the curve is a line, we characterize all the functions whose 2-microlocal frontier at $x_0$ is the given line.
Optical and near-infrared follow-up observations of four Fermi/LAT GRBs: redshifts, afterglows, energetics, and host galaxies

Aims. Fermi can measure the spectral properties of gamma-ray bursts over a very large energy range and is opening a new window on the prompt emission of these energetic events. Localizations by the instruments on Fermi in combination with follow-up by Swift provide accurate positions for observations at longer wavelengths leading to the determination of redshifts, the true energy budget, host galaxy properties and facilitate comparison with pre-Fermi bursts. Methods. Multi-wavelength follow-up observations were performed on the afterglows of four bursts with high energy emission detected by Fermi/LAT: GRB 090323, GRB 090328, GRB 090510 and GRB 090902B. They were obtained in the optical/near-infrared bands with GROND mounted at the MPG/ESO 2.2 m telescope and additionally of GRB 090323 in the optical with the 2 m telescope in Tautenburg, Germany. Three of the events are classified as long bursts while GRB 090510 is a well localized short GRB with GeV emission. In addition, host galaxies were detected for three of the four bursts. Spectroscopic follow-up was initiated with the VLT for GRB 090328 and GRB 090510. Results. The afterglow observations in 7 bands are presented for all bursts and their host galaxies are investigated. Knowledge of the distance and the local dust extinction enables comparison of the afterglows of LAT-detected GRBs with the general sample. The spectroscopic redshifts of GRB 090328 and GRB 090510 were determined to be z = 0.7354 ± 0.0003 and z = 0.903 ± 0.001 and dust
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Mamadou Mamarou Diallo, Dominic Bernard Onyango Konditi, Olivier Videme Bossou Department of Electrical Engineering (Telecommunication Option), Pan African University, Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation (PAUSTI), Nairobi, Kenya School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Technical University of Kenya (TUK), Nairobi, Kenya Department of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Recent Advances on Intersection Graphs of Hypergraphs: A Survey

In this survey, we have attempted to show some of the milestones in the characterizations of Intersection graphs of hypergraphs. The theory of Intersection graphs of hypergraphs has been a classical topic in the theory of special graphs. To conclude, at the end, we have listed some of the open problems posed by various authors whose work has contributed to this survey and also the new trends on Intersection graphs.
ELT Linear Algebra II

This paper is a continuation of [4]. Exploded layered tropical (ELT) algebra is an extension of tropical algebra with a structure of layers. These layers allow us to use classical algebraic results in order to easily prove analogous tropical results. Specifically we prove and use an ELT version of the transfer principal presented in [2]. In this paper we use the transfer principal to prove an ELT version of Cayley-Hamilton Theorem, and study the multiplicity of the ELT determinant, ELT adjoint matrices and quasi-invertible matrices. We also define a new notion of trace – the essential trace – and study its properties.
Nonlinear Reynolds equations for non-Newtonian thin-film fluid flows over a rough boundary

We consider a non-Newtonian fluid flow in a thin domain with thickness $\eta_\varepsilon$ and an oscillating top boundary of period $\varepsilon$. The flow is described by the 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes system with a nonlinear viscosity, being a power of the shear rate (power law) of flow index $p$, with $9/5\leq p<+\infty$. We consider the limit when the thickness tends to zero and we prove that the three characteristic regimes for Newtonian fluids are still valid for non-Newtonian fluids, i.e. Stokes roughness ($\eta_\varepsilon\approx \varepsilon$), Reynolds roughness ($\eta_\varepsilon\ll \varepsilon$) and high-frequency roughness ($\eta_\varepsilon\gg \varepsilon$) regime. Moreover, we obtain different nonlinear Reynolds type equations in each case.
A Competing-Risks Nomogram in Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Duct Adenocarcinoma

Background The primary objective of this study was to assess the cumulative incidence of cause-specific mortality (CSM) and other causes of mortality (OCM) for patients with metastatic pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma (mPDAC). The secondary objective was to calculate the probability of CSM and build a competing risk nomogram to predict CSM for mPDAC. Material/Methods We identified patients with mPDAC between 2010 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We assessed the cumulative incidence function (CIF) for cause-specific mortality and other causes of mortality. We used Gray’s test to investigate the differences. The Fine and Gray proportional subdistribution hazard model was applied to model CIF. And a competing risk nomogram was built to predict the probability of CSM for mPDAC. Results There were 10 527 eligible patients diagnosed with mPDAC from 2010 to 2015 who were included in our formal analysis. The 6-month cumulative incidence of CSM was 60.3% and 5.9% for other causes. Predictors of SCM for mPDAC included surgery, age, tumor size, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, bone metastasis, and liver metastasis. The nomogram was proven to be well calibrated, and had good model discriminative ability. Conclusions We assessed the CIF of CSM and competing risk mortality in patients with mPDAC using the SEER database. The Fine and Gray proportional subdistribution hazard model performance was good, with a concordance index of 0.74, and the competing-risks nomogram was built, which can be a helpful predictive tool for cases with mPDAC. However, a validation sample data set and further verification are still needed to assess a profile for prognostic use in a prospective study.
Cognitively engaging movement games improve interference control and academic performance in overweight children: A randomized control trial

The purpose of this study was to determine the (a) dose–response effects of cognitively engaging movement games (CEMGs) designed to improve aerobic capacity, interference control (IC), and academic performance, (b) relationship between intervention‐induced improvements in aerobic capacity, IC, and academic performance, and (c) moderation effect of IC on the relationship between aerobic capacity and academic performance in overweight children. Seventy‐five overweight children (aged 11.23 ± 0.60 years; 48% males) participated in this study conducted in Taipei during the 2018/2019 academic year and were randomly assigned to the low‐dose (20‐min) intervention, high‐dose (40‐min) intervention, and control groups and completed a Stroop test, half‐mile run, and language and mathematics tests before and after a 10‐week afterschool program. Both intervention groups showed similar improvements in outcomes of aerobic capacity (ds > 0.80), IC (ds > 0.76), and academic performance (ds > 0.90) from the pretest to posttest, whereas these outcomes were unchanged for the control group. Furthermore, improved IC moderated the association between improvements in aerobic capacity and academic performance. Our findings suggest that CEMG with varying doses is feasible and effective for improving aerobic capacity, IC, and academic performance in overweight children and that the association between improvements in aerobic capacity and academic performance depends on the intervention effects on IC.
Gauge Freedom within the Class of Linear Feedback Particle Filters

Feedback particle filters (FPFs) are Monte-Carlo approximations of the solution of the filtering problem in continuous time. The samples or particles evolve according to a feedback control law in order to track the posterior distribution. However, it is known that by itself, the requirement to track the posterior does not lead to a unique algorithm. Given a particle filter, another one can be constructed by applying a time-dependent transformation of the particles that keeps the posterior distribution invariant. Here, we characterize this gauge freedom within the class of FPFs for the linearGaussian filtering problem, and thereby extend previously known parametrized families of linear FPFs.
A generalization of Dijkgraaf–Witten theory

The main purpose of this paper is to give a generalization of Dijkgraaf-Witten theory. Consider a morphism from a smash product of spectra E,F to another spectrum G. We construct a TQFT for E-oriented manifolds using a representative of an F-cohomology class of the classifying space of a finite group. For the case that each of spectra E,F,G is given as the K-theory spectrum KU, we further generalize our construction based on non-commutative settings.