Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Joint operation rules considering the uncertainty of energy available for multiple cascaded hydropower system

Multi‐reservoir operation rules have been widely used in practice operation. The operation rules are often derived from historical or simulated run‐off information through implicit stochastic optimization or parameterization‐simulation‐optimization. The output decisions of operation rules are usually obtained without considering inflow forecasting or using perfect runoff forecast information, which is hardly implemented in practical applications. This paper proposes robust joint operation rules for multiple cascaded reservoirs considering the uncertainty of energy available. The rule parameters are optimized using multi‐step genetic algorithm for minimum‐power maximization. A case study for a three‐cascaded‐reservoirs system shows that, compared with deterministic joint operation rules, the accuracy of energy available estimation of joint operation rules is increased by 2.3%, considering inflow uncertainty. The simulated minimum‐power decision of joint operation rules considering the uncertainty of energy available is 40.4% higher than that of determinate joint operation rules. Results indicate that there is a possibility of obtaining greater and more effective power decisions through the joint operation rules considering the uncertainty of available energy.
The Application of Synthetic-Beacon Technology to Astronomy

Abstract : The application of adaptive optics technology to laser-beam control has been under investigation within the military community since the early 1970s. This work has encompassed a wide range of theoretical investigations as well as an impressive suite of laboratory and field experiments. During this period a number of real-time systems incorporating several hundred degrees of freedom have been built and tested, and the technology to extend this number by at least an order of magnitude is now under development. To exploit adaptive- optics concepts in the construction of astronomical telescopes, the budgetary restrictions under which this field of research operates must be considered and improvements in system performance must be carefully balanced against equipment complexity, reliability, and cost. To accomplish this design trade-off, a set of concise analytic models describing the essential properties of a laser guide- star phase-conjugation system has been assembled. With the aid of these models, an optimization strategy for mating adaptive optics to a 4-m-class optical telescope has been developed; research shows that such a system might be expected to improve the effective atmospheric seeing conditions by nearly a factor of 10 within the isoplanatic patch of the turbulence probe.
Exploring Public Discussions Regarding COVID-19 Vaccinations on Microblogs in China: Findings from Machine Learning Algorithms

Large-scale, widespread COVID-19 vaccination is the most effective means of cutting off the spread of the novel coronavirus and establishing an immune barrier. Due to the large population base in China, it has been a very difficult task to establish such an immune barrier. Therefore, this study aims to explore the public’s discussions related to COVID-19 vaccinations on microblogs and to detect their sentiments toward COVID-19 vaccination so as to improve the vaccination rate in China. This study employed machine learning methods in the field of artificial intelligence to analyze mass data obtained from SinaWeibo. A total of 1,478,875 valid microblog texts were collected between December 2020 and June 2022, the results of which indicated that: (1) overall, negative texts (38.7%) slightly outweighed positive texts (36.1%); “Good” (63%) dominated positive texts, while “disgust” (44.6%) and “fear” (35.8%) dominated negative texts; (2) six overarching themes related to COVID-19 vaccination were identified: public trust in the Chinese government, changes in daily work and study, vaccine economy, international COVID-19 vaccination, the COVID-19 vaccine’s R&D, and COVID-19 vaccination for special groups. These themes and sentiments can clarify the public’s reactions to COVID-19 vaccination and help Chinese officials’ response to vaccine hesitancy. Furthermore, this study seeks to make up for the lack of focus on big data in public health and epidemiology research, and to provide novel insights for future studies.
Dynamic Modelling and Control of Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle for Flap-Glide Flight Mode

: Flapping wing micro-air-vehicles (FWMAV) are micro-air-vehicles that use biomimetic actuation (oscillatory flapping wing) for aerodynamic force generation. The realization of such bionic flight, which offers small size, low speed, and flexible maneuverability has significant military and civilian values. Thus the design of FWMAV (ESB-I) will be very important for security related sectors since they have all the right stuffs for surveillance and reconnaissance. Since everything about a bird is made for flight the kinematic and dynamic modeling as well as control algorithm of bird like FWMAVs is more complex than that of serial robots. Thus balancing the main requirements for the design of FWMAVs which includes excellent aerodynamic performance, high efficiency, and satisfactory maneuverability is very important. With the aim to improve the performance of a FWMAV this work incorporates an intermittent flapping and gliding flight mode. Flap-gliding flight mode, which is often used by large bird species, effectively combines the aerodynamic advantages of fixed and flapping wings. Inspired from it, a kind of flexible flap-gliding Micro Air Vehicle, named Ethio-Smart Bird-I (ESB-I), was successfully designed. An expression describing the mechanical energy cost of travelling of this flight mode in terms of work per range for one flap-glide flight cycle was presented. It is shown that there is an energy saving of flap-gliding flight compared to continuous flapping flight. However due to a system dynamic variation in this flight mode, it possesses difficulty in control surface design. To implement this specific flight mode, this thesis proposes a closed-loop active disturbance rejection control, ADRC, strategy to stabilize the attitude during the processes of flapping flight, transition and gliding flight. To verify the control effect, the unsteady aerodynamic estimation method of the flapping wing based on modified strip theory approach and the dynamics of the FWMAV in Lagrangian form were modelled in the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform and applied in the simulation. Using this model longitudinal stability of ESB-I was analyzed. Simulation results show that even if the FWMAV is in different flight modes, ADRC controller can track the target pitch signal effectively with tracking error less than 0.05rad. To further explain the effects of ADRC in this specific flight mode, the control effects of a PID controller is presented. As per the simulation result ESB-I with PID controller has a target pitch angle tracking error greater than 1rad. This shows that, in flap-gliding flight mode ADRC can track the target pitch signal better than PID controller.
A Time Series Analysis of Judicial Foreclosures in Spain

There was an unprecedented wave of foreclosures and evictions in Spain after the 2008 global financial crisis. The subsequent Great Recession had strong economic, social and environmental consequences. This paper explores the frequency of permanent shocks in foreclosure quarterly rates (defined as the number of judicial foreclosures per 1000 inhabitants) for 50 Spanish provinces (NUTS 3 regions) during the period from 2001 (Q1) to 2019 (Q4) using time series analysis. We examine whether the foreclosure rate is a stationary series, exhibits a unit root or is stationary around a process subject to structural breaks. A clear finding from this analysis is that not all shocks have transitory effects on the foreclosure rate. The percentage of unit root rejections is around 40%, thus, providing the evidence of both stationarity around occasional shocks that have permanent effects, and of a unit root, where all shocks have a permanent effect on the foreclosure rate. We also test for unit roots allowing for the presence of one and two structural breaks. Most of the structural breaks are positive, and the majority are grouped from 2008 onwards, coinciding with the financial crisis and the subsequent collapse of the Spanish housing bubble. We also find a later decrease in foreclosures in some regions that can be related to the effectiveness of the Code of Good Practice for banks and financial institutions approved in 2012. Nevertheless, the level of the foreclosure rate time series has not returned to the pre-2008 level in any case.
Near-Optimal Scheduler Synthesis for LTL with Future Discounting

We study synthesis of optimal schedulers for the linear temporal logic (LTL) with future discounting. The logic, introduced by Almagor, Boker and Kupferman, is a quantitative variant of LTL in which an event in the far future has only discounted contribution to a truth value (that is a real number in the unit interval [0,1]). The precise problem we study---it naturally arises e.g. in search for a scheduler that recovers from an internal error state as soon as possible---is the following: given a Kripke frame, a formula and a number in [0, 1] called a margin, find a path of the Kripke frame that is optimal with respect to the formula up to the prescribed margin (a truly optimal path may not exist). We present an algorithm for the problem: it relies on a translation to quantitative automata and their optimal value problem, a technique that is potentially useful also in other settings of optimality synthesis.
A bound for the Milnor sum of projective plane curves in terms of GIT

Let $C$ be a projective plane curve of degree $d$ whose singularities are all isolated. Suppose $C$ is not concurrent lines. P{\l}oski proved that the Milnor number of an isolated singlar point of $C$ is less than or equal to $(d-1)^{2}-\lfloor \frac{d}{2} \rfloor$. In this paper, we prove that the Milnor sum of $C$ is also less than or equal to $(d-1)^{2}-\lfloor \frac{d}{2} \rfloor$ and the equality holds if and only if $C$ is a P{\l}oski curve. Furthermore, we find a bound for the Milnor sum of projective plane curves in terms of GIT.
Netrin-1 Promotes Visceral Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Obesity and Is Associated with Insulin Resistance

Netrin (NTN)-1 exhibits pro- and anti-inflammatory roles in different settings, playing important roles in the obesity-associated low-grade chronic inflammation. We aimed to determine the impact of NTN-1 on obesity and obesity-associated type 2 diabetes, as well as its role in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation. A total of 91 subjects were enrolled in this case-control study. Circulating levels of NTN-1 and its receptor neogenin (NEO)-1 were determined before and after weight loss achieved by caloric restriction and bariatric surgery. mRNA levels of NTN1 and NEO1 were assessed in human VAT, liver, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In vitro studies in human visceral adipocytes and human monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1)-derived macrophages were performed to analyze the impact of inflammation-related mediators on the gene expression levels of NTN1 and its receptor NEO1 as well as the effect of NTN-1 on inflammation. Increased (p < 0.001) circulating concentrations of NTN-1 in obesity decreased (p < 0.05) after diet-induced weight loss being also associated with a reduction in glucose (p < 0.01) and insulin levels (p < 0.05). Gene expression levels of NTN1 and NEO1 were upregulated (p < 0.05) in the VAT from patients with obesity with the highest expression in the stromovascular fraction cells compared with mature adipocytes (p < 0.01). NTN1 expression levels were enhanced (p < 0.01) under hypoxia and by inflammatory factors in both adipocytes and macrophages. Adipocyte-conditioned media strongly upregulated (p < 0.001) the mRNA levels of NTN1 in macrophages. The treatment of adipocytes with NTN-1 promoted the upregulation (p < 0.05) of pro-inflammatory and chemotactic molecules as well as its receptor NEO1. Collectively, these findings suggest that NTN-1 regulates VAT chronic inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity.
Detection of 13q deletion in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and its correlation to hematopathological parameters

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia(CLL) is a monoclonal malignancy characterized by an accumulation of small and mature looking B lymphocytes in the blood, bone marrow and other tissues, and is typically characterized by expression CD5+, CD23+, CD22 -, CD79b-, with weak expression of surface immunoglobulin (sIg). Two major clinical staging systems (Rai and Binet staging), that developed to estimate prognosis in CLL. However both these systems are unable to prospectively distinguish the rapidly developing patients from those appreciated to remain with a stable disease for decades. Several publications reported the prognostic important of 13q deletion in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 13q deletion is the most important cytogenetic abnormalities detected by Fluorescence In situ Hybridization in CLL patients and represent a good prognostic marker with 60% of patients alive after 5 years as compared with 27% for patients with a normal FISH analysis. Aims of the study: To investigate 13q deletion in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia by using FISH technique. To correlate the presence of 13q deletion with hematological and clinical prognostic markers including complete blood picture, absolute lymphocyte count, and modified Rai staging.
Abdominal and Pelvic Floor Activity Related to Respiratory Diaphragmatic Activity in Subjects with and without Non-Specific Low Back Pain

One of the advances in physiotherapy in recent years is the exploration and treatment by ultrasound imaging. This technique makes it possible to study the relationship between the musculature of the anterolateral wall of the abdomino-pelvic cavity, the pelvic floor muscles and the diaphragm muscle, among others, and thus understand their implication in non-specific low back pain (LBP) in pathological subjects regarding healthy subjects. Objective: To evaluate by RUSI (rehabilitative ultrasound imaging) the muscular thickness at rest of the abdominal wall, the excursion of the pelvic floor and the respiratory diaphragm, as well as to study their activity. Methodology: Two groups of 46 subjects each were established. The variables studied were: non-specific low back pain, thickness and excursion after tidal and forced breathing, pelvic floor (PF) excursion in a contraction and thickness of the external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO) and transverse (TA) at rest. Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Results: Good-to-excellent reliability for measurements of diaphragm thickness at both tidal volume (TV) (inspiration: 0.763, expiration: 0.788) and expiration at forced volume (FV) (0.763), and good reliability for inspiration at FV (0.631). A correlation was found between the EO muscle and PF musculature with respect to diaphragmatic thickness at TV, inspiration and expiration, and inspiration at FV, in addition to finding significant differences in all these variables in subjects with LBP. Conclusion: Subjects with LBP have less thickness at rest in the OE muscle, less excursion of the pelvic diaphragm, less diaphragmatic thickness at TV, in inspiration and expiration, and in inspiration to FV.
Comment on 'Optimization of photonic crystal structures', J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 21, 2223-2232 (2004)'

Recently, Smajic et al. published an article on numerical structural opti- mizations of two-dimensional photonic crystals using two different classes of optimization algorithms i.e, deterministic for local searches and stochastic for global. In this comment we reexamine some of their conclusions regarding the global stochastic search strategies. It is concluded that the steps taken to increase the efficiency of the optimization of the test problem chosen by Smajic et al., which was selected to keep the search space tractable, can be mislead- ing when applied to intractable problems.
Exclusive electromagnetic production of strangeness on the nucleon: Regge analysis of recent data

In view of the numerous experimental results recently released, we provide in this paper an update on the performance of our simple Regge model for strangeness electroproduction on the nucleon. Without refitting any parameters, a decent description of all measured observables and channels is achieved. We also give predictions for spin transfer observables, recently measured at Jefferson Lab, which have high sensitivity to discriminate between different theoretical approaches.
Defining Knowledge

Post-Gettier epistemology is increasingly modalized epistemology – proposing and debating modally explicable conditionals with suitably epistemic content (an approach initially inspired by Robert Nozick's 1981 account of knowledge), as needing to be added to 'true belief' in order to define or understand knowing's nature. This Element asks whether such modalized attempts – construed as responding to what the author calls Knowing's Further Features question (bequeathed to us by the Meno and the Theaetetus) – can succeed. The answer is that they cannot. Plato's and Aristotle's views on definition reinforce that result. Still, in appreciating this, we might gain insight into knowing's essence. We might find that knowledge is, essentially, nothing more than true belief.
Adaptive coupled attitude-servo control for moving mass flight vehicles with high-mass-ratio

Moving mass flight vehicles (MMFVs) with high-mass-ratio suffer from a more severe nonlinear attitude-servo coupling than the traditional configurations that are under particle moving mass hypothesis. Therefore, the coupled attitude-servo control problem is investigated in this paper, and an adaptive backstepping sliding mode controller with extended state observers and neural-networks (ABSMC-ENN) is proposed. Based on the formulated control model with strict-feedback form, a sliding mode control law (SMC) with exponential reaching rate and a nonsingular terminal sliding mode control law (NTSMC) are combined to perform the fast and robust tracking of the command angle-of-attack. Considering the disturbances and uncertainties existing in the coupled dynamics, two nonlinear extended state observers (ESOs) are utilized to estimate the total disturbances online for compensation. To further enhance the adaptiveness and dynamic response performances of the controller in various flight conditions, two radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) are exploited to optimize the switching gains of the controller in real-time with performance indexes being the functions of tracking errors. Closed-loop stability of the whole system is proved via Lyapunov methodology. Comparison simulation studies considering multiple disturbances, various flight conditions, and different controllers successfully demonstrate the superiority of the ABSMC-ENN in robustness and adaptiveness.
Successful Clinical Remission of Perianal Extramammary Paget Disease with Intralesional IL-2 and Topical Imiquimod Treatment: A Case Report

Extramammary Paget disease is a rare intraepithelial adenocarcinoma that affects mainly in the perianal, genital and axillary regions. While wide local excision remains the gold-standard, not all patients are candidates for extensive surgical management due to metastases, poor baseline function, and patient preference. Herein, we present a case of successful clinical remission in a 63-year-old male with a perianal extramammary Paget disease.
CFD Analysis of Heat Transfer Phenomena in Arc Plasma Reactor

In order to control flows and temperature distribution within plasma reactors experimentally requires significant research and development costs. the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be used as a powerful tool to investigate the flow pattern and heat transfer inside plasma reactors allowing us to construct best designs with minimal cost. In this work temperature profile and gas flow distribution in the thermal plasma reactor used for carbon nanotubes synthesis is studied by COMSOL Multiphysics. Two background gases Helium (He) and Nitrogen (N2) was compared. We conclude that unlike Nitrogen, Helium ensures a good recirculation in the arc chamber and therefore a good replenishment of the atmosphere by the reactants during the process.
Diversity of change in body mass index and skinfold thickness between different study courses within four years of study among the male students in a university in Poland

Objective: This study examined whether there were significant changes (expectedly increase) in BMI (Body Mass Index), and relative subcutaneous body fat during the four years of study in a university and compared these changes between the students of different courses, viz., Computer science, Law and administration, Humanities and Physical education. Design: This was a prospective follow up study with measurements at two time points with gap of four years. Body mass index, Triceps, subscapular, mid-axillary, abdominal, supra-illiac and medial-calf skinfold thicknesses were measured at two points of time, just after entrance to university and again after completion of four years. Student’s T-test, one-way ANOVA, and repeated measures ANNOVA (two-way) were employed to assess significance of differences in anthropometric measures between groups of students. Setting: The study was conducted at the University of Rzeszów, Poland. Participants: 191 young men university students aged approximately 19.5 years and 24.0 years, at the beginning and after four years, respectively, during this study. Results: Students of all courses underwent increments in BMI, absolute- and relative skinfold thicknesses, except that the students of physical education course did not show change in skinfold thicknesses relative to BMI. Conclusions: It has been concluded that the change in the adiposity profile during the years of study at university varied according to the course types. Further, detailed studies on the nature and cause of such variation occurring between course types may lead to better understanding etiology of overweight and obesity before entering to adult life.
Wafer-Scale Fabrication of Silicon Film on Lithium Niobate on Insulator (LNOI)

Hybrid integration of silicon photonics with lithium niobate (LN) devices provides a promising route to enable an excellent modulation performance in silicon photonic integrated circuits. To realize this purpose, a substrate containing a Si film on an LNOI substrate, called Si on the LNOI structure, was analyzed and fabricated. The mode propagation properties in the Si-on-LNOI structure were simulated in detail and a vertical adiabatic coupler (VAC) between the Si waveguide and LN waveguide was simulated to help in the determination of the dimension of this structure. A 4-inch wafer-scale Si on an LNOI hybrid structure was fabricated through the ion-cut process. This structure has a single-crystalline quality, high thickness uniformity, smooth surface, and sharp bonding interface, which are practical for realizing low loss and high coupling efficiency.