Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Infinitely Many Information Inequalities

When finite, Shannon entropies of all sub vectors of a random vector are considered for the coordinates of an entropic point in Euclidean space. A linear combination of the coordinates gives rise to an unconstrained information inequality if it is nonnegative for all entropic points. With at least four variables no finite set of linear combinations generates all such inequalities. This is proved by constructing explicitly an infinite sequence of new linear information inequalities and a curve in a special geometric position to the halfspaces defined by the inequalities. The inequalities are constructed recurrently by adhesive pasting of restrictions of polymatroids and the curve ranges in the closure of a set of the entropic points.
C‐terminal juxtamembrane region of full‐length M2 protein forms a membrane surface associated amphipathic helix

The influenza A M2 protein is a 97‐residue integral membrane protein involved in viral budding and proton conductance. Although crystal and NMR structures exist of truncated constructs of the protein, there is disagreement between models and only limited structural data are available for the full‐length protein. Here, the structure of the C‐terminal juxtamembrane region (sites 50–60) is investigated in the full‐length M2 protein using site‐directed spin‐labeling electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in lipid bilayers. Sites 50–60 were chosen for study because this region has been shown to be critical to the role the M2 protein plays in viral budding. Continuous wave EPR spectra and power saturation data in the presence of paramagnetic membrane soluble oxygen are consistent with a membrane surface associated amphipathic helix. Comparison between data from the C‐terminal juxtamembrane region in full‐length M2 protein with data from a truncated M2 construct demonstrates that the line shapes and oxygen accessibilities are remarkably similar between the full‐length and truncated form of the protein.
Simple experiment of an actuated walking in a biped robot

The aim of this work is to show a straightforward implementation of a very simple nonlinear control method on the small biped robot. The kinematic model is derived using basic Lie groups theory and the dynamic model is calculated by a recursive Newton-Euler algorithm. The model is considered at all times fully-actuated and a single forward step is simulated based on several key postures. The resulting motion is at first duplicated on the hardware using kinematic control, then the same procedure is repeated in real-time directly using the robot, with torque control enabled. Due to the poor results in the second case, a slight modification to the control method is proposed.
Ontology-Based Automatic Model Transformations

Model transformations are a key element of model-driven software development. This paper presents two main innovations: A general methodology to automate the model transformation in heterogeneous environments, and an ontological framework that captures system dependencies and supports reasoning about platform properties and capabilities. Our approach eases the development of software for heterogeneous environments. It has been tested for a realistic application scenario.
Local Signal based Supplementary Excitation Controller for Damping Inter-area Oscillations through Recurrent Neural Networks

In order to effectively restrain inter-area oscillations in power systems, a local measurement based neural excitation controller is proposed to generate global stable signal. This is to replace the global measurement based power system stabilizer (GPSS). The proposed neural controller is constructed by two recurrent neural networks: a recurrent neural identifier (RNID) and a recurrent neural controller (RNCT). Non-measurable global dynamics in large-scale multi-machine power systems is estimated by the RNID and is provided to RNCT in order to generate global stable signals for a higher hierarchy of supplementary excitation control. Both RNID and RNCT are trained offline first to approximate the function of GPSS before online application. Simulation results based on Kundur's 2-area 4-machine power system model proved the effectiveness of the proposed local signal based neural identifier and controller in damping inter-area oscillations.
Foreign Direct Investment , Technology and Backward Linkages ∗ PRELIMINARY

This paper provides a theoretical investigation on the impact of inward FDI on host country industrial development through backward linkages with local suppliers. We incorporate the role that incompatibilities between foreign and domestic technologies have in shaping the nature of linkages, and study how this affects the performance of local firms and consumers’ welfare. We suggest that technological incompatibilities create a competition between foreign and domestics firms in attracting local suppliers. This might lead to an equilibrium under ”technological segmentation”, under which local suppliers self-select into the production for MNEs and that for domestic firms. This in turn affects competition in final markets, providing a rationale for the often observed negative horizontal externalities of FDI, although consumers’ welfare might raise if MNEs are productive enough. We further study how the dynamic impact of FDI in the development of a local industry is affected by segmentation. Finally, we incorporate heterogeneity in local suppliers to account for the observed fact that multinationals tend to select the best among the pool of suppliers in the host country. ∗We are indebted to Thierry Verdier for helpful comments and suggestions. We also thank Jerome Pouyet for helpful discussions on earlier drafts of the paper and the seminar participants at the Paris School of Economics and the 2007 Spring Meeting of Young Economists. We are responsible for any remaining errors. Contacts: juan.carluccio@ens.fr and fally@ens.fr
Chapter 1 1.1 Introduction

The instantaneous reversal of the motion of every moving particle of a system causes the system to move backwards, each particle along its path and at the same speed as before… Until very recently, the foundations of statistical mechanics were far from satisfactory. Textbooks approach the subject in one of two ways[1-3]. A common approach is to postulate a microscopic definition for the entropy and then to show that the standard canonical distribution function can be obtained by maximising the entropy subject to the constraints that the distribution function should be normalized and that the average energy is constant. The choice of the second constraint is completely subjective due to the fact that at equilibrium, the average of every phase function is fixed. The choice of the microscopic expression for the entropy is also ad hoc. This " derivation " is therefore flawed. The second approach begins with Boltzmann's postulate of equal a priori probability in phase space for the microcanonical ensemble [2-5] and then derives an expression for the most probable distribution of states in a small subsystem within that much larger microcanonical system. A variation of this approach is to simply postulate a microscopic expression for the Helmholtz free energy [3] via the partition function. The so-called Loschmidt Paradox that so puzzled Boltzmann and his contemporaries has remained unresolved in the 140 years since it was first raised. All the laws of mechanics (both classical and quantum) are time reversal symmetric. As observed by Lord Kelvin in the 1874 quote above. This time reversibility is trivial to demonstrate. Consider Newton's equations of motion for the positions q i of N
Using UML profiles to interchange DSML and UML models

A key requirement for MDD solutions is to have a modeling language that allows the correct representation of conceptual models. Nowadays, there are two options that are the most widely used for the definition of these modeling languages: 1) the specification of a domain-specific modeling language (DSML) or 2) the customization of UML. In practice, these two modeling alternatives are viewed as opposite solutions. However, since both alternatives provide benefits for the application of MDD solutions, in this paper, we present a proposal that uses UML profile extension mechanisms to interchange modeling information between DSML-based models and UML models. This proposal shows how these two modeling alternatives can be integrated in a unique MDD solution.
Specifying bridges for separated concern

In this paper we propose a method to specify bridges using interface. Interface-based bridge specifications are suitable for bridges having simple associations. The method was developed in the context of a concern-oriented model-driven software development framework [1]. We further describe concepts related to bridging such as mapping, weaving, and transformation (refinement and translation).
Blind Watermarking of Color Images Using Karhunen-Loève Transform Keying

This paper presents a method for blind digital watermarking of color images. The proposed scheme performs a decorrelation of the RGB color bands of the image to be watermarked using a Karhunen–Loeve transform (KLT), then marks the coefficients of the KLT of the first band obtained. The novelty of the method resides in the fact that the KLT basis images used for the transforms are not related to the image being marked, but are from an image taken as the secret key used throughout the scheme. The watermarking of the chosen KLT coefficients is performed using an i.i. d. Gaussian sequence. The method shows good robustness to attacks and signal processing operations, in particular to JPEG compression, filtering, resampling and noise addition, maintaining at the same time a high image quality. In addition, the scheme is secure against protocol attacks such as copy attack and ambiguity attack.
⁄ A Multi-stage Investment Game in Real Option Analysis y

This paper investigates an interaction between the managerial flexibility and the competition in a dynamic situation. The value of the flexibility can be valued as a real option while the competition can be analyzed with the game theory. We consider a multi-stage game with two firms under demand uncertainty. In the model, One firm called firm L firstly makes an investment decision, and the other firm called firm F decides secondly after observing firm L’s decision at each stage. The model developed here is an extension of the two-stage investment game of Imai and Watanabe(2005), which fully characterize the equilibrium strategies for the two competitive firms by their investment costs. We show that the project values for both firms can be considered as a special example of switching options, and hence these values can be evaluated by the extended switching option model. We apply a binomial or a trinomial lattice to the underlying demand process. Although the lattice model is discrete it is a well-known fact that the trinomial process can converge eciently to the continuoustime process if parameter values of the lattice model are carefully chosen and the number of trading periods tends to infinity. Hence our model can be also considered as an approximation of the continuous-time model. This paper analyzes equilibrium strategies and project values of the two competitive firms quantitatively under more realistic situations. In addition, by comparing our model with the two-stage game we can investigate the eects of multiple decision opportunities under a more realistic demand process.
Solving linear systems with a Levinson-like solver.

In this paper we will present a general framework for solving linear systems of equations. The solver is based on the Levinson-idea for solving Toeplitz systems of equations. We will consider a general class of matrices, defined as the class of simple -Levinson conform matrices. This class incorporates, for instance, semiseparable, band, companion, arrowhead and many other matrices. For this class, we will derive a solver of complexity . The system solver is written inductively, and uses in every step , the solution of a so-called th order Yule-Walker-like equation. The algorithm obtained first has complexity . Based, however on the specific structure of the simple -Levinson conform matrices, we will be able to further reduce the complexity of the presented method, and get an order algorithm. Different examples of matrices are given for this algorithm. Examples are presented for: general dense matrices, upper triangular matrices, higher order generator semiseparable matrices, quasiseparable matrices, Givensvector representable semiseparable matrices, band matrices, companion matrices, confederate matrices, arrowhead matrices, fellow matrices and many more. Finally, the relation between this method and an upper triangular factorization of the original matrix is given and also details concerning possible look ahead methods are presented.
Double free‐flap reconstruction of massive defects involving the lip, chin, and mandible

Two patients with massive, composite defects of the total lower lip, chin, and anterior mandible underwent double free‐flap reconstruction. A fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap was used to reconstruct the mandible and floor of the mouth and a radial forearm fasciocutaneous composite flap, including the palmaris longus tendon, was used for total lower lip and chin reconstruction. Postoperatively, both patients had acceptable cosmesis, were orally competent, and recovered adequate mandibular function. Double free‐flap reconstruction is indicated only in those circumstances in which composite tissue requirements or massive tissue defects preclude reconstruction with a single free‐tissue transfer. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 18:372–378, 1998
Relationship between women sexual function and marital adjustment

Introduction: A sexual relationship which is able to satisfy both sides has an important and fundamental role in success and constancy of family foundation. Recognizing sexual function and its components can lead to sexual satisfaction and ultimately to marital satisfaction that has an important effect on couples’ adjustment. The aim of present research was to identify the relationship between women’s sexual function and their marital adjustment and their husbands’ marital adjustment. Method: This correlation research was performed in 2009 on 60 couples who were selected by random sampling among residents of Tarbiat-Modarres University married dormitory. Data was gathered by Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Marital Adjustment Questionnaire which are highly valid and reliable. Data was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression by SPSS 14 software. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between women’s sexual function and its components and their marital adjustment and also their husbands’ marital adjustment. Also women’s sexual function components explained for 25% of their marital adjustment variance and 34% of their husbands’ marital adjustment variance. Conclusion: Sexual function has role in predicting marital adjustment. Paying attention to women’s sexual function and providing proper information and necessary trainings in this field and enhancing the rate of women sexual function, can help to their marriage continuity and marital adjustment.
Approximating min-sum k-clustering in metric spaces

The min-sum k-clustering problem in a metric space is to find a partition of the space into k clusters as to minimize the total sum of distances between pairs of points assigned to the same cluster. We give the first polynomial time non-trivial approximation algorithm for this problem. The algorithm provides an $\ratio$ approximation to the min-sum k-clustering problem in general metric spaces, with running time $\runtime$. The result is based on embedding of metric spaces into hierarchically separated trees. We also provide a bicriteria approximation result that provides a constant approximation factor solution with only a constant factor increase in the number of clusters. This result is obtained by modifying and drawing ideas from recently developed primal dual approximation algorithms for facility location.
From selective indulgence to engagement: exploratory studies on photolurking

Based on three empirical studies of user experience in photologs, this paper introduces the concept of selective indulgence as part of user behaviour when lurking and sharing photographs. Displaying personal and domestic photographs in the public domain invites both acquaintances and unknown audiences. Despite the apparently limited communication offered by photologs, the studies reveal how participants allow themselves to spend time lurking on other people’s photographs almost every day. The act of photolurking is usually done alone and involves selection from large numbers of photographs of every kind. This careful choice of what to look at, leading to intense emotion and engagement, is what we term selective indulgence. This study opens up new insights to inform the design of user experience in digital photo sharing. In particular the paper highlights the intensity of individual emotion, the phenomenon of using global photo sharing sites to share images with people physically very close, and subsequent gossiping and discussion of the photos not using the supplied commenting mechanisms.
Chiral D-brane Models with Frozen Open String Moduli

Most intersecting D-brane vacua in the literature contain additional massless adjoint fields in their low energy spectrum. The existence of these additional fields make it difficult to obtain negative beta functions and, eventually, asymptotic freedom. We address this important issue for = 1 intersecting D-brane models, rephrasing the problems in terms of (open string) moduli stabilization. In particular, we consider a 2 × 2 orientifold construction where D6-branes wrap rigid 3-cycles and such extra adjoint fields do not arise. We derive the model building rules and consistency conditions for intersecting branes in this background, and provide = 1 chiral vacua free of adjoint fields. More precisely, we construct a Pati-Salam-like model whose SU(4) gauge group is asymptotically free. We also comment on the application of these results for obtaining gaugino condensation in chiral D-brane models. Finally, we embed our constructions in the framework of flux compactification, and construct new classes of = 1 and = 0 chiral flux vacua.
Theoretical Considerations of Tissue Electroporation With High-Frequency Bipolar Pulses

This study introduces the use of high-frequency pulsed electric fields for tissue electroporation. Through the development of finite element models and the use of analytical techniques, electroporation with rectangular, bipolar pulses is investigated. The electric field and temperature distribution along with the associated transmembrane potential development are considered in a heterogeneous skin fold geometry. Results indicate that switching polarity on the nanosecond scale near the charging time of plasma membranes can greatly improve treatment outcomes in heterogeneous tissues. Specifically, high-frequency fields ranging from 500 kHz to 1 MHz are best suited to penetrate epithelial layers without inducing significant Joule heating, and cause electroporation in underlying cells.
Dynamics of social-aware pervasive networks

Social-aware pervasive networks consider the users' social behavior to overcome intermittent end-to-end connectivity, inherent to this type of networking: forwarding decisions consider local knowledge about the behavior of nodes to predict future encounters. Complex Network Analysis (CNA) has been used to support contact prediction, by aggregating connectivity graphs into less volatile social graphs. Nevertheless, the structure of such graphs is rather dynamic, since users' social behavior and interactions vary throughout their daily routines and according to their mobility. Consequently, aggregation algorithms should be able to create social graphs that reflect the resulting dynamic behavior of people. This paper discusses on human behavior-aware aggregation to allow the creation of graphs based on social variations observed in people's daily routines. By focusing on the dynamics of the network, we show that social graphs, reflecting different stages of human social behavior and mobility, are able to take advantage of the potential small-world properties of networks in different time frames, improving the performance of social-aware opportunistic forwarding.
Perspectives on the Market Globalization of Korean Herbal Manufacturers: A Company-Based Survey

The growth of herbal markets has increased substantially in South Korea, but the worldwide market share remains small despite significant governmental efforts. This study aimed to characterize manufacturing employment and identify employees' general perceptions of market expansion. A survey study covering 567 companies was conducted using face-to-face interviews in 2012. Data were analyzed using comparisons among three manufacturing groups (i.e., the herbal dietary supplement manufacturing group, the herbal medicine manufacturing group, and the personal care product manufacturing group) or among the manufacturers themselves. We found that the majority of the manufacturing employee respondents were regular permanent and production workers. The domestic distributors were primarily chain stores/direct outlets or retailers/wholesalers, and the dominant product was red ginseng (hongsam). Although the responding companies exhibited a variety of perspectives, “advertisement/public relations” was cited as the most important factor in the development of the herbal industry. In contrast, “low manpower/seeking business partners” were the most crucial limiting and challenging factors for market globalization. Our results can be used to design a proper national plan by reducing the gaps in perspective between herbal product producers and policy makers.
The Effectiveness of the Adults and Children Together - Parents Raising Safe Kids Program in Reducing Behavioral and Emotional Problems among Preschool Children

Introduction: The Adults and Children Together - Parents Raising Safe Kids (ACT-PRSK) program is an evidence-based approach that was proposed by the American Psychological Association (APA). The present study was carried out in order to examine the effectiveness of the ACT-PRSK program in reducing behavioral and emotional problems among preschool children. Method: The present experiment was a quasi-experimental study that was conducted using a pretest-posttest-follow up design with a control group. The study sample consisted of 32 parents of preschool children that had symptoms of behavioral and emotional problems. The participants were randomly assigned into an experimental group and a control one (each containing 16 individuals). The experimental group received ACT-PRSK program. Results: The results of mixed analysis of variance and Bonferroni test showed that the ACT-PRSK program was significantly effective in reducing behavioral and emotional problems except for psychosomatic problems among the experimental parents’ children. Moreover, the effects of the intervention were stable after 2 months. Conclusion: This educational program focuses on parent-child interaction, enhances the parents’ understanding of their children’s behaviors and emotions, and models appropriate behavioral styles, which leads to a change in the parents’ attitude, and thus, results in a change in the parents’ behavior while interacting with their children. It seems that a change in interaction to a large extent leads to a change in the children’s behavior.