Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toward Large Arrays of Multiplex Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Sensors for Highly Sensitive and Selective Molecular Detection.

Arrays of electrical devices with each comprising multiple single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) bridging metal electrodes are obtained by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of nanotubes across prefabricated electrode arrays. The ensemble of nanotubes in such a device collectively exhibits large electrical conductance changes under electrostatic gating, owing to the high percentage of semiconducting nanotubes. This leads to the fabrication of large arrays of low-noise electrical nanotube sensors with 100% yield for detecting gas molecules. Polymer functionalization is used to impart high sensitivity and selectivity to the sensors. Polyethyleneimine coating affords n-type nanotube devices capable of detecting NO2 at less than 1 ppb (parts-per-billion) concentrations while being insensitive to NH3. Coating Nafion (a polymeric perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomer) on nanotubes blocks NO2 and allows for selective sensing of NH3. Multiplex functionalization of a nanotube sensor array is carried out by microspotting. Detection of molecules in a gas mixture is demonstrated with the multiplexed nanotube sensors.
Modular Conformance Testing and Assume-Guarantee Verification for Evolving Component-Based Software

This paper proposes a framework for verifying component-based software in the context of component evolution. This framework includes two stages: modular conformance testing for updating inaccurate model of the evolved component and modular verification for evolving component-based software. When a component is evolved after adapting some refinements, the proposed framework only focuses on this component and its model in order to update the model and recheck the whole evolved system. The framework also reuses the previous verification results and the previous models of the evolved component to reduce several steps of the model update and verification processes.
String radiative backreaction.

We discuss radiative backreaction for global strings described by the Kalb-Ramond action with an analogous derivation to that for the point electron in classical electrodynamics. We show how local corrections to the equations of motion allow one to separate the self-field of the string from that of the radiation field. Modifications to this {open_quote}{open_quote}local backreaction approximation{close_quote}{close_quote} circumvent the runaway solutions, allowing these corrections to be used to evolve string trajectories numerically. Comparisons are made with analytic and numerical radiation calculations from previous work and the merits and limitations of this approach are discussed. {copyright} {ital 1995 The American Physical Society. }
Repetitive cycles of high-dose cytarabine benefit patients with acute myeloid leukemia and inv(16)(p13q22) or t(16;16)(p13;q22): results from CALGB 8461.

PURPOSE To study the impact of repetitive (three to four courses) versus a single course of high-dose cytarabine (HDAC) consolidation therapy on outcome of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and inv(16)(p13q22) or t(16;16)(p13;q22). PATIENTS AND METHODS We examined the cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), relapse-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) for 48 adults younger than 60 years with inv(16)/t(16;16) who had attained a complete remission on one of four consecutive clinical trials and were assigned to receive HDAC consolidation therapy. Twenty-eight patients were assigned to either three or four courses of HDAC, and 20 patients were assigned to one course of HDAC followed by alternative intensive consolidation therapy. RESULTS Pretreatment features were similar for the two groups. The CIR was significantly decreased in patients assigned to receive three to four cycles of HDAC compared with patients assigned to one course (P=.03; 5-year CIR, 43% v 70%, respectively). The difference in RFS also approached statistical significance (P=.06). In a multivariable analysis that adjusted for potential confounding covariates, only treatment assignment (three to four cycles of HDAC) predicted for superior RFS (P=.02). The OS of both groups was similar (P=.93; 5-year OS, 75% for the three to four cycles of HDAC group v 70% for the one cycle of HDAC group), reflecting a high success rate with stem-cell transplantation salvage treatment administered among patients in both treatment groups. CONCLUSION We conclude that, in AML patients with inv(16)/t(16;16), repetitive HDAC therapy decreases the likelihood of relapse compared with consolidation regimens including less HDAC.
The “Right” Consumers for Better Concepts: Identifying Consumers High in Emergent Nature to Develop New Product Concepts

While much research has emphasized improving current new product concept techniques, little work has focused on trait-based approaches that specify which consumers are the “right” ones to use in the new product development process, particularly in the consumer goods industry. The authors propose that the right consumers to use possess what they call an “emergent nature,” defined as the unique capability to imagine or envision how concepts might be developed so that they will be successful in the mainstream marketplace. The authors draw on research on personality theory and information-processing styles to support their conceptualization and develop and validate a highly reliable scale to measure emergent nature (Study 1). In subsequent multipart studies, they show in both group (Studies 2a–2c) and individual (Studies 3a and 3b) settings across two distinct product categories that consumers high in emergent nature are able to develop product concepts that mainstream consumers find significantly more appealing and useful than concepts developed by typical, lead user, or even innovative consumers.
A Round-based Data Replication Strategy

Data Grid allows many organizations to share data across large geographical area. The idea behind data replication is to store copies of the same file at different locations. Therefore, if a copy at a location is lost or not available, it can be brought from another location. Additionally, data replication results in a reduced time and bandwidth because of bringing the file from a closer location. However, the files that need to be replicated have to be selected wisely. In this paper, a round-based data replication strategy is proposed to select the most appropriate files for replication at the end of each round based on a number of factors. The proposed strategy is based on Popular File Replicate First (PFRF) strategy, and it overcomes the drawbacks of PFRF. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy yields better performance in terms of average file delay per request, average file bandwidth consumption per request, and percentage of files found.
Realizing Unbiased Deformation : A Theoretical Consideration

Maps of local tissue compression or expansion are often recovered by comparing MRI scans using nonlinear registration techniques. The resulting changes can be analyzed using tensor-based morphometry (TBM) to make inferences about anatomical differences. Numerous deformation techniques have been developed, although there has not been much theoretical development examining the mathematical/statistical validity of each technique. In this paper, we propose a basic principle that any registration technique should satisfy: realizing unbiased test statistics under null distribution of the displacement. In other words, any registration technique should recover zero change in the test statistic when comparing two images differing only in noise. Based on this principle, we propose a fundamental framework for the construction and analysis of image deformation. Moreover, we argue that logarithmic transform is instrumental in the analysis of deformation maps. Combined with the proposed framework, this leads to a theoretical connection between image registration and other branches of applied mathematics including information theory and grid generation.
Anxiety Disorders in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period

All new mothers are somewhat anxious. Being a mother is a new role, a new job, with a new person in your life and new responsibilities. Anxiety in response to this situation is very common and somewhat adaptive. However, for several reasons, some mothers have excessive worries and experience a severe (and invalidating) level of anxiety in perinatal period. Important gonadal steroid levels modifications have been reported, with as much as a 100-fold variation in serum estrogen levels and a 1000-fold change in serum proges‐ terone levels during pregnancy. These changes can exacerbate such emotional difficulties. Psychological factors may also have an important role to play in the development of anxiety disorders at this time. Often the expectant mother has concerns over the health of the child, the change in lifestyle likely to occur in her own life after the birth of the child (especially if the first child), her own ability to be a good mother, and finances. There are also instances where the pregnancy is unexpected or unwanted, which may further increase stress and anxiety [1].
A novel PKC regulates ERK activation and degranulation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes: Plasticity in PKC regulation of ERK

Stimulation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) degranulation with plate‐bound anti‐CD3 Ab leads to two phases of ERK activation: an early PKC‐independent phase followed by a later sustained PKC‐dependent phase. Herein, we show that a novel PKC (nPKC) mediates the late phase of ERK activation, upstream of Ras in murine T cells. In contrast, when CTL are activated with cross‐linked anti‐CD3 Ab, which does not trigger CTL degranulation, there is a requirement for conventional PKC (cPKC) for ERK activation. We detect increased novel PKCθ activation only when CTL are stimulated with plate‐bound Ab and not cross‐linked Ab. Interestingly, in T cells from mice lacking PKCθ, sustained ERK activation requires the activity of cPKC, implying that PKCθ is required for the nPKC pathway that normally mediates sustained ERK activation. CTL lines derived from PKCθ‐deficient mice degranulate and activate ERK normally, and exhibit altered expression of PKC isozymes, which may compensate for the loss of PKCθ. Taken together, these data demonstrate that normally an nPKC participates in the sustained activation of ERK. However, if the nPKC pathway is compromised, alternate PKC pathways can compensate, suggesting that considerable plasticity exists with respect to PKC regulation of ERK activation in T cells.
Evidence for a subset of rheumatoid factors that cross-react with DNA- histone and have a distinct cross-idiotype

Cross-reactivity of a monoclonal rheumatoid factor with an antigen present on IgG and DNA-nucleoprotein was demonstrated, and evidence presented that the combining site of the antibody was involved in the reaction. The antigen on the DNA-nucleoprotein was shown to involve both DNA and histone fraction H2A + H2B and was trypsin sensitive. The relative binding affinity of the antibody appeared to be greater for IgG than the DNA-histone antigen. Similar polyclonal cross-reactive rheumatoid factors were found in a variety of diseases. A high incidence was found among patients with rheumatoid arthritis and mixed connective tissue disease. None were detected in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and idiopathic cryoglobulinemia. Studies on one representative isolated polyclonal rheumatoid factor demonstrated the same reactivity with DNA-histone H2A + H2B as the monoclonal antibody. Cross-idiotype studies using antigen-binding inhibition methods demonstrated the same cross-idiotype on the polyclonal and the monoclonal rheumatoid factor which reacted with DNA-histone. This cross- idiotype was shown to be distinct from the cross-idiotypes previously demonstrated on monoclonal IgM proteins with anti-gamma-globulin activity.
Las reglas de origen: instrumento para regular las zonas comerciales regionales con acceso arancelario preferencial

A raiz del creciente proceso de integracion economica, la Organizacion Mundial de Comercio ha instrumentado un nuevo marco juridico para que los esquemas regionales de acceso preferencial no obstaculicen al sistema comercial multilateral. En este sentido, el presente trabajo analiza como en los Acuerdos Comerciales Regionales se han adoptado las disposiciones de la organizacion referida en torno a las reglas de origen para no otorgar la Clausula de la Nacion Mas Favorecida a bienes provenientes de paises no miembros de esa zona comercial, asignando asi un trato nacional a mercancias de los paises miembros de dicho acuerdo comercial regional. Para ejemplificar, se explica la operacion de las reglas de origen del Tratado de Libre Comercio de America del Norte.
Development of a Work Style Compass and Predicting Research Productivity of Agricultural Scientists

In light of increasing thrust of the public agricultural research system of India to enhance research productivity of its scientists, gauging scientists’ productivity and its personality correlates has been felt crucial. In this context, devising a simpler method to predict research productivity based upon individual work styles had been aimed in the present study. Randomly drawn two hundred agricultural scientists from different cadres of two differently performing agricultural institutes of the country constituted the sample of the study. A work style compass was designed by taking a measurement of individual work styles of the pooled sample after developing and pretesting Likert type scales. A research productivity index was developed to obtain productivity scores of scientists. A correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis helped in deriving a suitable model to predict research productivity through the identified work style variables. The findings of the study confirmed a strong and positive relationship between research productivity and individual work styles. The results indicate to the crucial need for organizing work style sensitization workshops for the scientists and undertaking organization development interventions at individual institute level at regular intervals.
Factors Affecting Fan Attendance: The Influence of Identity Salience and Satisfaction

The study combines disparate streams of research in order to develop a model of devoted fan behavior. The theoretical foundations for this study are based on literature examining social identity theory, involvement, attachment and satisfaction. A model of the factors that influence fan identity salience and attendance is developed and tested. First, the factors that influence fan identity salience and sporting event attendance are discussed and an integrated model is developed. Second, the proposed model is tested using a sample of college students. Third, the implications of the findings are discussed. The findings suggest that identity salience is an important factor in explaining fan-related behavior.
On the time value of ruin in the discrete time risk model

Using an approach similar to that of Gerber and Shiu (1998), a recursive formula is given for the expected discounted penalty due at ruin, in the discrete time risk model. With it the joint distribution of three random variables is obtained; time to ruin, the surplus just before ruin and the deficit at ruin. The time to ruin is analyzed through its probability generating function (p.g.f.). The joint distribution for the compound binomial model is derived in Cheng et al. (2000) using martingale techniques and a duality argument. Here we find a recursive formula for the p.g. f. of ruin time T; the discounted moments of the deficit at ruin and the surplus just before ruin. A detailed discussion is given in the case u = 0 and when the claim size in a unit time is geometrically distributed.
Ubiquitin‐Activated Interaction Traps (UBAITs) identify E3 ligase binding partners

We describe a new class of reagents for identifying substrates, adaptors, and regulators of HECT and RING E3s. UBAITs (Ubiquitin‐Activated Interaction Traps) are E3‐ubiquitin fusion proteins and, in an E1‐ and E2‐dependent manner, the C‐terminal ubiquitin moiety forms an amide linkage to proteins that interact with the E3, enabling covalent co‐purification of the E3 with partner proteins. We designed UBAITs for both HECT (Rsp5, Itch) and RING (Psh1, RNF126, RNF168) E3s. For HECT E3s, trapping of interacting proteins occurred in vitro either through an E3 thioester‐linked lariat intermediate or through an E2 thioester intermediate, and both WT and active‐site mutant UBAITs trapped known interacting proteins in yeast and human cells. Yeast Psh1 and human RNF126 and RNF168 UBAITs also trapped known interacting proteins when expressed in cells. Human RNF168 is a key mediator of ubiquitin signaling that promotes DNA double‐strand break repair. Using the RNF168 UBAIT, we identify H2AZ—a histone protein involved in DNA repair—as a new target of this E3 ligase. These results demonstrate that UBAITs represent powerful tools for profiling a wide range of ubiquitin ligases.
Response of carbon fluxes to water relations in a savanna ecosystem in South Africa

Abstract. The principal mechanisms that connect carbon fluxes with water relations in savanna ecosystems were studied by using eddy covariance method in a savanna ecosystem at Kruger National Park, South Africa. Since the annual drought and rewetting cycle is a major factor influencing the function of savanna ecosystems, this work focused on the close inter-connection between water relations and carbon fluxes. Data from a nine-month measuring campaign lasting from the early wet season to the late dry season were used. Total ecosystem respiration showed highest values at the onset of the growing season, a slightly lower plateau during the main part of the growing season and a continuous decrease during the transition towards the dry season. The regulation of canopy conductance was changed in two ways: changes due to phenology during the course of the growing season and short-term acclimation to soil water conditions. The most constant parameter was water use efficiency that was influenced by VPD during the day but the VPD response curve of water usage did change only slightly during the course of the growing season and decreased by about 30% during the transition from wet to dry season. The regulation of canopy conductance and photosynthetic capacity were closely related. This observation meets recent leaf-level findings that stomatal closure triggers down-regulation of Rubisco during drought. Our results may show the effects of these processes on the ecosystem scale.
The Gender Role Motivation Model of Women’s Sexually Submissive Behavior and Satisfaction in Heterosexual Couples

Previous findings suggest that women are more likely than men to take on the submissive role during sexual activities (e.g., waiting for their partner to initiate and orchestrate sexual activities), often to the detriment of their sexual satisfaction. Extending previous research on gender role motivation, the authors recruited 181 heterosexual couples to examine scripted sexual behavior, motivation for such behavior, and relationship outcomes (sexual satisfaction, perceptions of closeness, and relationship satisfaction) for both women and their partners. Using the actor–partner interdependence model, path analyses revealed that women’s submissive behavior had negative links to personal sexual satisfaction and their partner’s sexual satisfaction but only when their submission was inconsistent with their sexual preferences. Moreover, the authors show there are negative downstream consequences of diminished sexual satisfaction on perceptions of closeness and overall relationship satisfaction for both partners in the relationship.
Characterization and Potential Antitumor Activity of Polysaccharide from Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis

Substances with valuable antitumor properties have been identified in many marine algae, including an edible polysaccharide from the marine alga Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (PGL). We previously reported transcriptome profiling data showing that PGL induced transcriptional alterations generate anti-lung cancer activity. To identify how PGL is detrimental to tumors, we purified PGL to characterize its chemical composition, molecular weight, and sugar and protein content and investigated its antitumor activity. We demonstrated that PGL exerted its antitumor activities by modulating cell viability, morphology, apoptosis, and the apoptosis-related Fas/FasL signaling pathway in the human lung cancer cell line A549, the gastric cancer cell line MKN28, and the mouse melanoma cell line B16. Our data provide the first evidence that PGL inhibits cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis, which is largely mediated by Fas/FasL in cancer cells, suggesting that PGL might be a novel therapeutic agent against cancer.
Harm minimization among teenage drinkers: findings from an ethnographic study on teenage alcohol use in a rural Danish community.

AIM To examine strategies of harm minimization employed by teenage drinkers. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Two periods of ethnographic fieldwork were conducted in a rural Danish community of approximately 2000 inhabitants. The fieldwork included 50 days of participant observation among 13-16-year-olds (n = 93) as well as 26 semistructured interviews with small self-selected friendship groups of 15-16-year-olds (n = 32). FINDINGS The teenagers participating in the present study were more concerned about social than health risks. The informants monitored their own level of intoxication, but in order to reduce alcohol consumption they depended upon support from their peers. The informants preferred drinking in the company of well-known and trusted peers, and during drinking episodes they supervised and intervened in each others' drinking to the extent that they deemed it necessary and possible. In regulating the social context of drinking they relied on their personal experiences more than on formalized knowledge about alcohol and harm, which they had learned from prevention campaigns and educational programmes. CONCLUSIONS In this study we found that teenagers may help each other to minimize alcohol-related harm, and teenage peer groups should thus be considered a resource for health promotion.
Pulmonary Hypertension: A Review of Pathophysiology and Anesthetic Management

Pulmonary hypertension is a condition that can result in serious complications in patients undergoing any type of anesthesia during the perioperative period. By definition, pulmonary artery hypertension is caused by a persistent rise in mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥25 mm Hg with Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ⩽ 15 mm Hg or exercise mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥35 mm Hg and pulmonary vascular resistance ≥ 3 wood unit's. The severity of the complications depends on the severity of the underlying condition, other comorbidities, and type of procedure, anesthetic technique, and anesthetic drugs. In this article, we briefly review the pulmonary vascular physiology, pathophysiology of the disease, clinical assessment and diagnosis, treatment options, and the anesthetic management of these patients.