Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Methylation-Mediated Transcriptional Silencing in Euchromatin by Methyl-CpG Binding Protein MBD1 Isoforms

ABSTRACT DNA methylation of promoter-associated CpG islands is involved in the transcriptional repression of vertebrate genes. To investigate the mechanisms underlying gene inactivation by DNA methylation, we characterized a human MBD1 protein, one of the components of MeCP1, which possesses a methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) and cysteine-rich (CXXC) domains. Four novel MBD1 isoforms (MBD1v1, MBD1v2, MBD1v3, and MBD1v4) were identified by the reverse transcription-PCR method. We found that these transcripts were alternatively spliced in the region of CXXC domains and the C terminus. Green fluorescent protein-fused MBD1 was localized to multiple foci on the human genome, mostly in the euchromatin regions, and particularly concentrated in the pericentromeric region of chromosome 1. Both the MBD sequence and genome methylation were required for proper localization of the MBD1 protein. We further investigated whether MBD1 isoforms are responsible for transcriptional repression of human genes. A bacterially expressed MBD1 protein bound preferentially to methylated DNA fragments containing CpG islands from the tumor suppressor genes p16,VHL, and E-cadherin and from an imprintedSNRPN gene. All MBD1 isoforms inhibited promoter activities of these genes via methylation. Interestingly, MBD1 isoforms v1 and v2 containing three CXXC domains also suppressed unmethylated promoter activities in mammalian cells. These effects were further manifested inDrosophila melanogaster cells, which lack genome methylation. Sp1-activated transcription of methylated p16and SNRPN promoters was inhibited by all of the MBD1 isoforms, whereas the isoforms v1 and v2 reduced Sp1-activated transcription from unmethylated promoters as well. These findings suggested that the MBD1 isoforms have different roles in methylation-mediated transcriptional silencing in euchromatin.
Tumor suppression by small molecule inhibitors of translation initiation

Translation initiation factors are over-expressed and/or activated in many human cancers and may contribute to their genesis and/or progression. Removal of physiologic restraints on translation initiation causes malignant transformation. Conversely, restoration of physiological restrains on translation initiation reverts malignant phenotypes. Here, we extensively characterize the anti-cancer activity of two small molecule inhibitors of translation initiation: #1181, which targets the eIF2-GTP-Met-tRNAi ternary complex, and 4EGI-1, which targets the eIF4F complex. In vitro, both molecules inhibit translation initiation, abrogate preferentially translation of mRNAs coding for oncogenic proteins, and inhibit proliferation of human cancer cells. In vivo, both #1181 and 4EGI-1 strongly inhibit growth of human breast and melanoma cancer xenografts without any apparent macroscopic- or microscopic-toxicity. Mechanistically, #1181 phosphorylates eIF2α while 4EGI-1 disrupts eIF4G/eIF4E interaction in the tumors excised from mice treated with these agents. These data indicate that inhibition of translation initiation is a new paradigm in cancer therapy.
All-Fiber Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Hollow Optical Fiber and Magnetic Fluid

A compact all-fiber magnetic field sensor is achieved by using Mach–Zehnder interferometer based on the hollow optical fiber (HOF) and the magnetic fluid (MF). The HOF is sandwiched between two single mode fibers (SMFs), which form an SMF-HOF-SMF (SHS) structure. Then, the SHS structure is immersed in MF to sense the magnetic field strength. The magnetic field assisted tunable refractive index of MF is exploited to realize the sensor. As a result, the magnetic field strength can be obtained by monitoring the wavelength shift of the SHS structure. The maximum magnetic field sensing sensitivity of −170 pm/Oe is obtained at the wavelength around 1580 nm. Besides, an intensity sensitivity of −0.21268 dB/Oe is also achieved.
What about the ‘place’ in place marketing?

This article considers the concept of ‘place’ in the context of place marketing. Following a discussion of the disciplinary antecedents of place marketing/branding, the article evaluates the concept of the ‘place product’, with specific reference to the construction of place narratives. In particular, contrasts are drawn between notions of materiality and realm of meaning as devices for conceptualising places as products to be commodified and marketed. This is illustrated using as a case study, a place marketing initiative in the city of Manchester in the north west of England. The implications of this are analysed in terms of three questions, relating to (1) what is being marketed, (2) who is implementing the place marketing activity and (3) how places are represented as a consequence. The article concludes by arguing that the place product should be regarded as a dynamic concept, composed as much from changing and competing narratives in and over time, as it is from its tangible and material elements.
Estratégias de internacionalização dos espumentes: um estudo de cinco vinícolas do Rio Grande do Sul

A vitivinicultura gaucha vem passando por transformacoes com a concorrencia de produtos importados no mercado nacional. Com isso, a dinâmica de conquista de novos mercados esta em constante adaptacao. Assim, esse trabalho objetivou verificar as estrategias direcionadas a internacionalizacao de espumantes produzidos nas Vinicolas: Miolo, Cooperativa Vinicola Aurora, Casa Valduga, Vinhos Salton e Vinicola Peterlongo, da Serra Gaucha, com a finalidade de ampliar a competitividade desse setor. O estudo e exploratorio-descritivo, tendo como base pesquisas bibliograficas e entrevistas a expertos do setor. Os principais resultados indicaram que as cinco empresas estudadas se mantem representativas em âmbito mundial e, domesticamente, foi possivel perceber que os elementos relacionados a gestao, relacoes de mercado, ambiente externo e governamental sao os principais entraves a competitividade dessas vinicolas. Assim, acoes voltadas para a superacao desses entraves deverao repercutir favoravelmente em toda a cadeia produtiva e ampliar a competitividade internacional da vitivinicultura brasileira.
Choosing Positions: living the contradictions of OFSTED

Abstract A new system of schools’ inspection, under the ‘Office for Standards in Education’ (OFSTED), was set up in 1992. Nominally independent, it was appointed within the frame of the general restructuring of public institutions and of the government's marketization and managerialization of the education system in the late 1980s and early 1990s. As the operations of OFSTED bear directly on inspectors and teachers, it provides good opportunities to study the effects on them of restructuring and how they cope with the powers of the slate. The values behind the new reforms contrast sharply with the prevailing child‐centred discourse preferred by primary school teachers. Inspectors, in the actual execution of inspections, represented themselves as moderating their approach in a kind of humanistic managerialism which apparently goes some way to meeting the teachers’ position. However, this is not how the inspections were experienced by the teachers. They were conscious of a deep and damaging value clash in t.
Category‐breadth and social‐desirability values for 573 personality terms

Forty‐five British adults rated 573 person‐descriptive terms on category breadth (defined as the diversity of behavioural referents of a trait) and social desirability. These values are presented here, along with American values where available. The British ratings proved highly reliable, and they correlated substantially with the American values, thus demonstrating the generalizability of category‐breadth judgements between these two cultures and the stability of the social‐desirability values over a 20‐year interval.
Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Abstract Background: Existing research has investigated the association between sodium intake and obesity. We aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of reported evidence regarding the association between sodium intake and obesity. Methods: Multiple electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar) were searched for observational studies published until August 2016. A systematic literature review identified 11 cohort and 21 cross-sectional studies. Result: Among the 32 studies identified in the systematic literature search, only 18 cross-sectional reports had sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis. Higher sodium consumption was associated with greater BMI (weighed mean difference (WMD) = 1.24 kg/m2, 95%CI: 0.80, 1.67; I2 = 98.4%; p < . 0001), and higher sodium intake was associated with 4.75 cm (95%CI: 3.25, 6.25; 90.8%; p <.0001) greater waist circumference (WC). Conclusion: The present meta-analysis suggests that sodium consumption was associated with greater BMI and WC.
Identifying Recent Behavioral Data Length in Mobile Phone Log

Mobile phone log data (e.g., phone call log) is not static as it is progressively added to day-by-day according to individual's diverse behaviors with mobile phones. Since human behavior changes over time, the most recent pattern is more interesting and significant than older ones for predicting individual's behavior. The goal of this poster paper is to identify the recent behavioral data length dynamically from the entire phone log for recency-based behavior modeling. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first dynamic recent log-based study that takes into account individual's recent behavioral patterns for modeling their phone call behaviors.
When is an object not an object? The effect of ‘meaning’ upon the copying of line drawings

A series of studies shows that errors in copying line drawings of a table are directly related to the knowledge that the lines represent a table, and not to difficulty in drawing the lines themselves. When children copy the component parts of line drawings of a table the pattern of error is very similar to that obtained when the whole line drawing is copied or when a table is drawn from imagination. When the same component parts are copied without the knowledge of what they represent very few errors are made.
Esophagectomy Using a Thoracoscopic Approach With an Open Laparotomic or Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Abdominal Stage for Esophageal Cancer: Analysis of Survival and Prognostic Factors in 315 Patients

&NA;Survival and prognostic factors were analyzed in 315 patients with esophageal cancer undergoing thoracoscopic-assisted esophagectomy (TAE). The 5-year survival rate of 57.8% was satisfactory, indicating the oncological feasibility of TAE. Perioperative outcomes affected overall survival in the whole cohort but not in the subgroup treated with 2 endoscopic stages. Objective:To estimate the oncological feasibility of thoracoscopic-assisted esophagectomy (TAE) for esophageal cancer and to clarify the prognostic impact of perioperative factors after TAE. Background:Favorable perioperative outcomes of TAE versus open surgery have been demonstrated. However, survival data after TAE in a large cohort are limited, and no information on the prognostic influence of perioperative factors after TAE is available. Methods:Prospectively collected data for 315 patients undergoing TAE for esophageal cancer were analyzed. Survival was compared with the Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis between 2 surgical approaches: thoracoscopic and hand-assisted laparoscopic esophagectomy (THLE) and thoracoscopic and open laparotomic esophagectomy (TOE). Factors affecting overall survival were identified with Cox multivariate regression analysis in the whole cohort and the THLE subgroup. Results:THLE and TOE were performed in 153 and 162 patients, respectively. The overall 5-year survival of the whole cohort was 57.8%, with no difference between the THLE and the TOE group. Multivariate analysis of the 315 patients identified the following prognostic factors: blood loss, blood transfusion, intensive care unit stay, cardiovascular complications, pathological T and N stages, lymphatic invasion, intramural metastasis, and number of metastatic nodes. In the THLE subgroup, cerebral comorbidity, histological subtype, pathological T stage, and number of metastatic nodes were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions:TAE was oncologically feasible. Perioperative factors affected survival in the whole cohort, but did not in the THLE subgroup. However, the reduced perioperative factor effect in this subgroup would be small because the survival rates of the 2 surgical approaches were equal.
Spatial Models for Human Motion-Induced Signal Strength Variance on Static Links

A wireless network can use the variance of measured received signal strength (RSS) on the links in a network to infer the locations of people or objects moving in the network deployment area. This paper provides a statistical model for the RSS variance as a function of a person's position with respect to the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) locations. We show that the ensemble mean of the RSS variance has an approximately linear relationship with the expected value of total affected power (ETAP), for a range of ETAP. We derive approximate expressions for the ETAP as a function of the person's position, for scattering and reflection, which are tested via simulation. Counterintuitively, we show that reflection, not scattering, causes the RSS variance contours to be shaped similar to Cassini ovals. Results reported in past literature and from a new experiment reported in this paper are shown to be as predicted by the analysis.
Micropower class AB CMOS current conveyor based on quasi-floating gate techniques

A novel class AB second-generation CMOS current conveyor (CCII) is presented. Class AB operation is achieved without increasing supply voltage requirements or power consumption. The circuit also features very low input resistance at terminal X. The CCII has been fabricated in a 0.5-µm CMOS technology. Measurement results using a dual supply voltage of ±1.65V show a THD of −60dB at 120 kHz in current follower configuration, for input and output currents 20 times larger than the bias current. The quiescent power of this configuration is 99 µW and the silicon area is 0.02 mm2.
Discovery of the Coolest Extreme Subdwarf

We report the discovery of LEHPM 2-59 as the coolest extreme M subdwarf (esdM) found to date. Optical and near-infrared spectroscopy demonstrate that this source is of later spectral type than the esdM7 APMPM J0559-2903, with the presence of strong alkali lines (including Rb I), VO absorption at 7400 Å, and H2O absorption at 1.4 μm. Current optical classification schemes yield a spectral type of esdM8, making LEHPM 2-59 one of only two ultracool esdMs known. The substantial space velocity of this object (Vgalactic ≈ -180 km s-1) identifies it as a halo star. Spectral model fits to the optical and near-infrared spectral data for this and four other late-type esdMs indicate that LEHPM 2-59 is the coolest esdM currently known, with Teff = 2800-3000 K and -1.5 ≲ [M/H] ≲ -2.0. Comparison of Teff determinations for M dwarfs and esdMs based on spectral model fits from this study and the literature demonstrate a divergence in Teff scales beyond spectral types ~M5/esdM5, as large as 600-800 K by types M8/esdM8. While this divergence is likely an artifact of the underlying classification scheme, it may lead to systematic errors in the derived properties of intermediate metallicity subdwarfs. We comment on the future of ultracool subdwarf classification and suggest several ideas for addressing shortcomings in current (largely extrapolated) schemes.
Marital Residence among Foragers

In many species of mammals and birds, individuals leave their natal group or area upon maturity. Often, one sex remains (is philopatric) and the other disperses, and this is usually but not always attributed to inbreeding avoidance (Greenwood 1980, Moore and Ali 1984, Perrin and Mazalov 1999, Pusey and Packer 1987, Waser 1996). Sexbiased dispersal has important consequences in terms of male versus female kin-bonding or nepotism, the relative status of the sexes, mate acquisition, group defense, and many other aspects of social organization (Foley 1995, Ghiglieri 1987, Hawkes et al. 1998, Rodseth et al. 1991, Wrangham 1980). In most primates, as in most mammals, male dispersal is more common, but among our closest relatives, chimpanzees and bonobos, females usually disperse and males are philopatric (Foley 1995, Pusey and Packer 1987, Rodseth et al. 1991, Wrangham 1979). Postmarital residence in humans is often assumed to reflect philopatry. Where the couple resides with the husband’s kin, for example, the situation is characterized as female dispersal and male philopatry. While this assumption is reasonable for most societies, in many hunting, gathering, and fishing societies (foragers) it is often difficult to define the natal group and area. Nonetheless, marital residence is a good indicator of potential nepotistic benefits. Because residence would have had profound consequences, it is important to consider what patterns might have existed at various stages in human evolution. To reconstruct the past, it makes sense to begin with a cross-cultural view of ethnographically described foragers. Anthropologists have long debated which marital residence pattern is most prevalent among foragers. Many have argued that foragers are predominantly virilocal, that is, that married couples live in the same camp as the husband’s parents (Ember 1975, Foley 1995, Radcliffe-Brown 1930, Rodseth et al. 1991, Service 1967). Service argued that hunter-gatherers are mostly virilocal because males prevail in their desire to live with their kin, hunting being an important cooperative enterprise and one that is best performed by males who have grown up together (Service 1967). Others replace “hunting”
Repression of Interferon Action: Induced Dedifferentiation of Embryonic Cells

Cells cultured from young (6-day) chicken embryos differ from those of older (13-day) embryos in having a greater susceptibility to infection by certain viruses and a considerably lesser sensitivity to the action of interferon. These circumstances parallel those observed in the intact embryo. The addition of a small percentage of cells from young embryos alters the response of cells cultured from older embryos by increasing viral susceptibility sevenfold and decreasing sensitivity to interferon 25-fold. We postulate that a repressor which inhibits the expression of interferon in older embryonic cells is elaborated by cells from young embryos.
Predicting Invasiveness of Plant Species Based on Biological Information

Abstract: Previous studies suggest that, within particular groups of plant species, biological attributes can be used to predict the potential invasiveness of species that are intentionally introduced for horticultural or agricultural purposes. We examined the broad question of whether commonly available biological information can predict the invasiveness of a wide range of intentionally and accidentally introduced species. We collected information from published floras on 165 pairs of plant species. In each pair, one species originated in Europe and successfully invaded New Brunswick, Canada, and the other was a congeneric species that has not invaded North America. Only three biological characters—lifeform, stem height, and flowering period—and European geographic range were known for all species. We conducted multiple logistic regression analyses using two‐thirds (110) of the species pairs and tested the predictive ability of resulting models using the remaining 55 pairs. Although a significant logistic regression model was obtained using the biological attributes, the model could not predict invasiveness of the test species pairs. In contrast, a model using only European range successfully predicted invasiveness in 70% of the test species. The importance of geographic range suggests that prediction of invasiveness on a species‐by‐species basis is not likely to help stem the flow of accidentally introduced invasive species. Species that are inadvertently picked up and moved to a new location due to their wide distribution are the same species that are likely to succeed in a new environment due to their wide environmental tolerances.
Evaluation of screening-detected lung nodules: minimising the risk of unnecessary biopsy and surgery

Screening for lung cancer has a long and controversial history. Successful screening is predicated on two fundamental principles.1 First, the screening test should be able to detect disease in an early preclinical phase before symptoms develop. Second, treatment should be available and more effective when provided during the preclinical phase. On the surface it would appear that screening for lung cancer passes both of these tests, given our experience with treating ‘early’ versus ‘late’ stage lung cancer that is clinically detected. However, if we acknowledge that at least some cases of clinically detected stage I and II lung cancer might represent disease that is relatively indolent biologically as opposed to ‘early’, then the possibility exists that early detection will not alter the natural history of lung cancer and result in more frequent cure. Fortunately, the hypothesis that lung cancer screening with CT scanning reduces mortality is currently being evaluated in several large randomised controlled trials in both the USA and Europe.2–6 Another set of prerequisites for any screening programme is that both the screening test and any downstream testing should be convenient for patients, relatively inexpensive and without a high risk of complications. Recent attention has focused on previously discounted risks from the radiation exposure that are associated with undergoing CT screening and follow-up.7 Smith-Bindman et al estimated that the median effective radiation dose associated with a single non-contrast CT examination of the chest (8 mSV) was approximately equal to that of 117 chest x-rays and that, in 40-year-old women, one radiation-induced cancer would ultimately develop for every 720 who underwent CT.8 In a population-based analysis, Berrington de Gonzalez et al calculated that the approximately 72 million CT scans performed in the USA in 2007 would ultimately be responsible for 29 000 future radiation-induced cancers including 4100 related …
On Placement of Passive Stationary Relay Points in Delay Tolerant Networking

Recently, there has been focus on augmenting Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTNs) with easily deployable stationary relay nodes making an unconnected infrastructure to facilitate the data delivery by increasing forwarding opportunities. Relay nodes are capable of downloading, storing, and forwarding the data messages from/to the mobile nodes. Placing the relay nodes is an important issue in DTNs as the performance of the network is dependent to their positions. Relay placement is an NP-hard problem hence it makes it a more complicated issue in DTNs. Existing works in the literature are based on simulation which are suffering from computational complexities dictated by simulation. Moreover, they are optimizing the relay placement only based on specific scenarios. In this paper, we propose a generic analytical model in order to evaluate the performance of DTNs in presence of relay nodes. Our model is dependent on the mobile nodes' mobility pattern, and we consider the case when the mobile nodes move according to the random waypoint model. In order to use the proposed model for placing the relays efficiently, we utilize two heuristic approaches. The first approach is based on optimization of the network performance using simulated annealing and the second one relies on a greedy approach to find the best location for each relay one at a time. Our simulation results show that our approaches outperform the simulation based approaches in terms of data delivery performance.