Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fertility Characteristics of Soils in Different Stream Beds under Transitional Climate Conditions

This study was conducted to identify and evaluate some of the fertility characteristics of soils in stream beds in Şebinkarahisar district of the Giresun province of Türkiye, which has a transitional climate between semi-arid and humid climate zones. To this end, a total of 48 soil samples, surface (0-30 cm) and subsurface (30-60/61/62/65 cm), were collected from 24 different sampling points on various stream beds. The textures of the surface and subsurface soils taken were determined as CL, SL, SCL, L, C, and LS. pH values of surface soils ranged from 5.84 to 7.98, and the pH values of subsurface soils ranged from 6.06 to 8.05. Lime contents of the soils without salinity problem ranged from 0.00% to 38.30% for surface soils, and from 0.00% to 37.90% for subsurface soils. Organic matter contents varied between 0.32% and 4.16% for surface soils, and between 0.14% and 2.16% for subsurface soils. While the soils were poor in total nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and manganese, it was determined that the calcium and copper contents were at sufficient levels. Although deficiencies were detected in some soils for potassium, magnesium and iron, they were generally determined to be at sufficient levels. To deal with deficiencies of macro and micro plant nutrients, including deficiency of organic matter, a fertilization planning is recommended that includes barnyard manure, poultry manure, green manure, compost, vermicompost, and various organic fertilizers containing macro and micro elements. Within the scope of the research, climate classifications were also made according to Thornthwaite, De Martonne-Gottman and Erinç methods by had used 48 years (1965-2012) climate data of Şebinkarahisar district. Plant species and varieties to be grown in the study area should be selected from among those suitable to the transitional climate conditions prevailing in the region. It will also be useful to analyze the stream waters in the areas where soil sampling is done.
Derivation of Soil Criteria for Cadmium Applying Species Sensitivity Distribution

Book of the 18 International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment, 12 to 15 September 2016, Ghent, Belgium This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. – 345 – 18th International Conference on avy Metals in the Environment 12 to 15 September 2016, Ghent, Belgium ICHMET 2016 Proceedings of the 18 International Confer nce on Heavy Metals in the Environment, 12 to 15 September 2016, Ghent, Belgium
Diet-Wide Association Study for the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Community-Dwelling Adults Using the UK Biobank Data

This longitudinal study used diet-wide association studies (DWAS) to investigate the association between diverse dietary food and nutrient intakes and the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Out of 502,505 participants from the UK Biobank, 119,040 with dietary data free of T2DM at the baseline were included, and 3241 developed T2DM during a median follow-up of 11.7 years. The DWAS analysis, which is based on Cox regression models, was used to analyse the associations between dietary food or nutrient intake factors and T2DM risk. The study found that 10 out of 225 dietary factors were significantly associated with the T2DM risk. Total alcohol (HR = 0.86, 0.85–0.92, p = 1.26 × 10−32), red wine (HR = 0.89, 0.88–0.94, p = 7.95 × 10−19), and fresh tomatoes (HR = 0.92, 0.89–0.94, p = 2.3 × 10−11) showed a negative association with T2DM risk, whereas sliced buttered bread exhibited a positive association. Additionally, 5 out of 21 nutrient intake variables revealed significant associations with the T2DM risk, with iron having the highest protective effect and starch as a risk factor. In conclusion, DWAS is an effective method for discovering novel associations when exploring numerous dietary variables simultaneously and could provide valuable insight into future dietary guidance for T2DM.
National Burden and Trends for 29 Groups of Cancer in Mexico from 1990 to 2019: A Secondary Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Simple Summary Cancer is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. The purpose of this study was to analyze the cancer burden and trends of 29 groups of malignant neoplasms in Mexico by sex and age from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, there were 222.1 thousand incident cases and 105.6 thousand deaths due to cancer in the general population. The number of new cases and deaths from the 29 cancer groups increased between 10% and 436% from 1990 to 2019, with different patterns by sex and age. Breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers were the leading causes of death among women, while prostate, lung, and colorectal cancers were the leading causes of death among men. In Mexico, malignant neoplasms were the third leading cause of death in 2019, causing significant health loss. The existence of gender disparities emphasizes the need for cancer-specific targeted prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Abstract The global burden of cancer is on the rise, with varying national patterns. To gain a better understanding and control of cancer, it is essential to provide national estimates. Therefore, we present a comparative description of cancer incidence and mortality rates in Mexico from 1990 to 2019, by age and sex for 29 different cancer groups. Based on public data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, we evaluated the national burden of cancer by analyzing counts and crude and age-standardized rates per 100,000 people with 95% uncertainty intervals for 2019 and trends using the annual percentage change from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, cancer resulted in 222,060 incident cases and 105,591 deaths. In 2019, the highest incidence of cancer was observed in non-melanoma skin cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer. Additionally, 53% of deaths were attributed to six cancer groups (lung, colorectal, stomach, prostate, breast, and pancreatic). From 1990 to 2019, there was an increasing trend in incidence and mortality rates, which varied by 10–436% among cancer groups. Furthermore, there were cancer-specific sex differences in crude and age-standardized rates. The results show an increase in the national cancer burden with sex-specific patterns of change. These findings can guide national efforts to reduce health loss due to cancer.
Sunshine duration and global radiation trends in Italy (1959–2013): To what extent do they agree?

Two Italian homogenized data sets of sunshine duration (SD) and global radiation (Eg↓) relative anomalies are used to investigate to what extent these two variables agree with respect to their temporal evolution. They are compared for northern and southern Italy over the period 1959–2013. Both under all‐sky and clear‐sky conditions, the SD records tend to show a shorter and less intense decrease until the 1980s (“global dimming”) with respect to the Eg↓ ones, while there is a better agreement in the subsequent period when both variables increase (“brightening period”). To investigate whether such behavior can be explained by a different sensitivity of SD and Eg↓ to atmospheric turbidity variations, the observed clear‐sky trends are compared to those estimated by a model based both on Lambert‐Beer's law and on a simple estimation of diffuse radiation. Results show that most of the differences observed in the trends of the clear‐sky SD and Eg↓ records can be explained considering a realistic pattern of atmospheric turbidity in the 1959–2013 period. The only exception concerns winter and autumn in northern Italy where clear‐sky SD does not decrease in the dimming period as much as it would be expected on the basis of the corresponding increase in atmospheric turbidity. One reason for this discrepancy could be the influence of other variables like relative humidity. This case study highlights that changes in atmospheric turbidity have to be kept in mind when SD is used to investigate the multidecadal evolution of Eg↓.
Evaluation of simulations with the regional climate model REMO over Central Africa and the effect of increased spatial resolution

Simulations of the regional climate model REMO at 25 and 50 km (0.44° and 0.22°, respectively) grid spacing are evaluated over Central Africa for the period 1998–2010. The model's ability to simulate various aspects of the observed climate is assessed with a main focus on precipitation characteristics. The results show that the REMO model has a good skill to reproduce the main regional features of the mean climate fields as well as seasonal and annual cycles, although some biases still exist. The model captures the variability in precipitation anomalies between different events associated with El Niño/Southern Oscillation. Generally, the findings remain largely insensitive to the refinement of the horizontal resolution, especially when considering the regional scale. This points the fact that the model dynamical and physical setup may have to be adjusted when setting a focus on the Central African region, in order to better represent the climate mechanisms. It is further found that REMO is capable of capturing the basic features of climatic extremes and accurately represents the shape of the frequency distribution of daily precipitation data. Daily characteristics of precipitation are simulated much better by REMO at 25 km.
Buoyancy effect on atmospheric surface layer: measurements from the East Coast of Malaysia

The nature and evolution of the atmospheric surface layer is still unresolved completely. Many questions regarding the existence of the z-less layer and trend of the cross correlations still remain open. This research analyzes some of the surface layer ambiguities. In this research temperature, velocity and turbulence data were collected from a weather station facility located in the Marine Ecosystem Research Centre (EKOMAR) Mersing on the East Coast of Malaysia. Two high resolution hotwires were utilized at 3 m and 12 m heights above ground. Both gradient Richardson number and Obukhov stability parameter were calculated. Turbulence spectra were plotted at different stability conditions. The results does not show the existence of the z-less layer at deep stable condition. The buoyancy force, under unstable condition, was found responsible for the increase of vertical correlation factor. The fingerprint of the buoyancy force was detected in the spectra at low frequencies.
Zero-Delay Hybrid Digital-Analog Coding Under Energy Constraints

This letter proposes a coding scheme for transmitting a Gaussian source with energy constraints in zero source delay scenario. While previous studies focused on the achievable minimum distortion with an infinite number of channel symbols, we also consider the robustness to finite symbols. The constructed scheme is based on the hybrid digital-analog (HDA) coding method, which encodes the quantized value of the source and the quantization error using a large number of channel symbols in total. Theoretical analysis reveals that our scheme achieves the optimal exponent and the same polynomial decay as in the existing work. Experimental results validate the performance gains of our scheme over the cutting-edge ones.
Evaluating the Aspects of Quality of Life in Individuals with Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review Based on the WHOQOL Questionnaire

Abstract Substance Use Disorder (SUD) has become a significant public health concern and it profoundly impacts an individual’s quality of life (QOL). This systematic review aimed to assess the QOL among patients with SUD, and to understand the differential impact of SUD on physical, mental, social, and environmental QOL domains, considering a variety of substances and identifying key factors that influence these outcomes. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus in January 2023, covering literature published until December 2022. The QOL was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) instrument and the brief version of the WHOQOL, identifying the same four domains of QOL (physical, mental, social, and environmental). A total of 19 studies were selected for inclusion in the systematic review, based on individuals’ polysubstance use, and excluding those using only nicotine or alcohol. The analysis included 6079 patients, with only 40.3% women, and a mean age of 36.6 years. The substances most commonly involved in SUD were cocaine (47.1%), alcohol (46.3%), and amphetamine (43.6%), considering most individuals being polysubstance users. The highest variability in QOL scores was observed in the physical domain. Mental disorders were reported in 68.3% of the patients, while long-term use of drugs, criminal history, unemployment, and low levels of education were identified as significant predictors for lower QOL by some of the studies. Similarly, sleep problems and teeth decay were also identified as significant worsening factors for QOL. This systematic review highlights that the WHOQOL survey is widely accepted and applicable for individuals with SUD worldwide. The results suggest a substantial negative impact of SUD on the QOL of affected individuals. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive interventions to address the physical, psychological, social, and environmental dimensions of QOL among individuals with SUD.
Biogeographic characterization of fish communities and associated benthic habitats within the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sancturary : sampling design and implementation of scuba surveys on the coral caps

The Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS) is located in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico approximately 180 km south of Galveston, Texas. The sanctuary’s distance from shore combined with its depth (the coral caps reach to within approximately 17 m of the surface) result in limited exposure of this coral reef ecosystem to natural and human-induced impacts compared to other coral reefs of the western Atlantic. In spite of this, the sanctuary still confronts serious impacts including hurricanes events, recent outbreaks of coral disease, an increase in the frequency of coral bleaching and the massive Diadema antillarum die-off during the mid-1980s. Anthropogenic impacts include large vessel anchoring, commercial and recreational fishing, recreational scuba diving, and oil and gas related activities. The FGBNMS was designated in 1992 to help protect against some of these impacts. Basic monitoring and research efforts have been conducted on the banks since the 1970s. Early on, these efforts focused primarily on describing the benthic communities (corals, sponges) and providing qualitative characterizations of the fish community. Subsequently, more quantitative work has been conducted; however, it has been limited in spatial scope. To complement these efforts, the current study addresses the following two goals put forth by sanctuary management: 1) to develop a sampling design for monitoring benthic fish communities across the coral caps; and 2) to obtain a spatial and quantitative characterization of those communities and their associated habitats.
Anemia Prevalence and Risk Factors in Two of Ethiopia's Most Anemic Regions among Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background In Sub-Saharan African (SSA) nations, including Ethiopia, anemia is a significant public health issue. Ethiopia has continued to bear the enormous burden of anemia infections. Over time, the prevalence of anemia has significantly increased in Ethiopia. In addition, there is a paucity of literature and regional variations in the pace of increment expansion. Therefore, the primary goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of anemia and risk factors among women in Ethiopia's two most anemic regions. Methods 2,519 women participated in a community-based cross-sectional study from January 18 to June 27, 2016. In order to determine the causes of anemia in women in two of Ethiopia's most anemic regions, an ordinal logistic regression model was taken into consideration. The applicability of the proportional odds test was evaluated using the chi-square test of the parallelism assumption. A p value of 0.05 or below was used to define crucial and statistically significant predictor variables. Results The overall prevalence rate of anemia was 56.8% (95% CI (54.8%–58.7%)). The chi-square test of the parallelism assumption indicated that the odds ratios were constant across all cut-off points of women's anemia levels at a 5% significance level (p value = 0.122). Of the severity of anemia levels among women, 48.2, 46.1, and 5.7% had mild, moderate, and severe anemia levels, respectively. In multivariable ordinal logistic regression analyses, being born (lived) in the Somali region (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.37, 1.90), having a parity of 4–5 (AOR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.66), and having ≥6 children (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.7), being a contraceptive user (AOR = 3, 95% CI: 2.5, 3.6), being currently pregnant (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 2.3, 3.4), having no ANC follow-up (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.6, 2.3), being married women (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.9), and user of unimproved toilet facility (AOR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.6) were significantly positively associated with anemia. Conclusions Finally, the anemia burden was dangerously greater than the national average. The region, usage of contraceptives, being pregnant at the time, ANC follow-up, toilet facilities, parity, and marital status all had a substantial impact on anemia. Therefore, to lessen the prevalence of anemia in certain parts of Ethiopia, public health initiatives that improve maternal health service utilization are required, such as ANC follow-up to minimize parity.
INFRARED MAPPING OF LUNAR CRATERS DURING THE FULL MOON AND THE TOTAL ECLIPSE OF SEPTEMBER 5, 1960

Abstract : Infrared measurements were made over certain lunar crater regions during the eclipse of September 5, 1960 and the full moon. Five rayed craters were observed to cool less rapidly than their environs during the eclipse, the anomaly being greatest for Tycho and progressively less for Aristarchus, Copernicus, Proclus, and Kepler. The findings are discussed in terms of the thermal properties of the surface, including thickness of insulating layer and age of the craters. Localized variations were found dur ng illumination, evidently attributable to variations in albedo and geometry.
Uncovering the Localization and Function of a Novel Read-Through Transcript ‘TOMM40-APOE’

Recent advancements in genome analysis technology have revealed the presence of read-through transcripts in which transcription continues by skipping the polyA signal. We here identified and characterized a new read-through transcript, TOMM40-APOE. With cDNA amplification from THP-1 cells, the TOMM40-APOE3 product was successfully generated. We also generated TOMM40-APOE4, another isoform, by introducing point mutations. Notably, while APOE3 and APOE4 exhibited extracellular secretion, both TOMM40-APOE3 and TOMM40-APOE4 were localized exclusively to the mitochondria. But functionally, they did not affect mitochondrial membrane potential. Cell death induction studies illustrated increased cell death with TOMM40-APOE3 and TOMM40-APOE4, and we did not find any difference in cellular function between the two isoforms. These findings indicated that the new mitochondrial protein TOMM40-APOE has cell toxic ability.
A Functional Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Upstream of the Collagen Type III Gene Is Associated with Catastrophic Fracture Risk in Thoroughbred Horses

Simple Summary Bone fractures are a major welfare concern in Thoroughbred racehorses and often lead to euthanasia. In this study, we established a cell model to investigate the genetic factors involved in fracture risk. We found that collagen type III is expressed at lower levels in cells from horses with a high genetic risk of fracture and identified a novel DNA variant that is significantly associated with fracture and can affect the expression level of collagen type III. Abstract Fractures caused by bone overloading are a leading cause of euthanasia in Thoroughbred racehorses. The risk of fatal fracture has been shown to be influenced by both environmental and genetic factors but, to date, no specific genetic mechanisms underpinning fractures have been identified. In this study, we utilised a genome-wide polygenic risk score to establish an in vitro cell system to study bone gene regulation in horses at high and low genetic risk of fracture. Candidate gene expression analysis revealed differential expression of COL3A1 and STAT1 genes in osteoblasts derived from high- and low-risk horses. Whole-genome sequencing of two fracture cases and two control horses revealed a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) upstream of COL3A1 that was confirmed in a larger cohort to be significantly associated with fractures. Bioinformatics tools predicted that this SNP may impact the binding of the transcription factor SOX11. Gene modulation demonstrated SOX11 is upstream of COL3A1, and the region binds to nuclear proteins. Furthermore, luciferase assays demonstrated that the region containing the SNP has promoter activity. However, the specific effect of the SNP depends on the broader genetic background of the cells and suggests other factors may also be involved in regulating COL3A1 expression. In conclusion, we have identified a novel SNP that is significantly associated with fracture risk and provide new insights into the regulation of the COL3A1 gene.
İş Güvencesizliği Algısının Presenteizm Düzeyine Etkisinde Duygusal Tükenmişliğin Aracı Rolü: Turizm Sektörü Çalışanlarına Yönelik Bir Araştırma (The Mediator Role of Emotional Exhaustion in the Effect of Job Insecurity Perception on Presenteeism Level: A Study on Tourism Sector Employees)

Bu çalışmada, hizmet endüstrisinin önemli bileşenlerinden olan turizm sektöründe aktif olarak çalışan bireylerden anket yoluyla elde edilen verilerin analiz edilmesi ile iş güvencesizliği algısının presenteizm düzeyine etkisinde duygusal tükenmişliğin aracı rolü araştırılmaktadır. Araştırmada iş güvencesizliği ve presenteizm arasındaki ilişkide duygusal tükenmişliğin aracı rolünün dâhil edilmesiyle önceki araştırmalardaki boşluğu doldurmak ve literatüre katkı sağlamak amaçlanmaktadır. Turizm işletmelerinde görev yapan 508 çalışandan elde edilen verilerin analizi için SPSS ve AMOS programları kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, bireylerin iş güvencesizliği algısının presenteizmi ve duygusal tükenmişliği; duygusal tükenmişliğin de presenteizmi yordadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca duygusal tükenmişliğin aracı değişken olduğu modele göre bağımsız değişken olan iş güvencesizliğinin presenteizm üzerinde etkisinin azalmakla birlikte hala anlamlı olduğu ve kısmi aracılık etkisine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.