Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Artificial Noise Generation from Cooperative Relays for Everlasting Secrecy in Two-Hop Wireless Networks

The secure transmission of information in wireless networks without knowledge of eavesdropper channels or locations is considered. Two key mechanisms are employed: artificial noise generation from system nodes other than the transmitter and receiver, and a form of multi-user diversity that allows message reception in the presence of the artificial noise. We determine the maximum number of independently-operating and uniformly distributed eavesdroppers that can be present while the desired secrecy is achieved with high probability in the limit of a large number of system nodes. While our main motivation is considering eavesdroppers of unknown location, we first consider the case where the path-loss is identical between all pairs of nodes. In this case, a number of eavesdroppers that is exponential in the number of systems nodes can be tolerated. In the case of uniformly distributed eavesdroppers of unknown location, any number of eavesdroppers whose growth is sub-linear in the number of system nodes can be tolerated. The proposed approach significantly outperforms a power control approach based on standard multi-user diversity.
The Infall Region of Abell 576: Independent Mass and Light Profiles

We describe observations of the nearby (cz = 11,487 km s-1) cluster of galaxies Abell 576 beyond the virial radius and into the infall region where galaxies are on their first or second pass through the cluster. Using 1057 redshifts, we use the infall pattern in redshift space to determine the mass profile of A576 to a radius of ∼4 h-1 Mpc. This mass estimation technique makes no assumptions about the equilibrium state of the cluster. Within ∼1 h-1 Mpc, the mass profile we derive exceeds that determined from X-ray observations by a factor of ∼2.5. At ∼2.5 h-1 Mpc, however, the mass profile agrees with virial mass estimates. Our mass profile is consistent with a Navarro, Frenk, & White or Hernquist profile, but it is inconsistent with an isothermal sphere. R-band images of a 3° × 3° region centered on the cluster allow an independent determination of the cluster light profile. We calculate the integrated mass-to-light ratio as a function of cluster radius; it decreases smoothly from the core to M/LR∼300 h at ∼4 h-1 Mpc. The differential M/LR profile decreases more steeply; we find δM/δLR ∼ 100 h at ∼4 h-1 Mpc, in good agreement with the mass-to-light ratios of individual galaxies. If the behavior of M/LR in A576 is general, Ωm ≲ 0.4 at 95% confidence. For a Hernquist model, the best-fit mass profiles differ from the observed surface number density of galaxies; the galaxies have a larger scale radius than the mass. This result is consistent with the centrally peaked M/LR profile. Similarly, the scale radius of the light profile is larger than that of the mass profile. We discuss some potential systematic effects; none can easily reconcile our results with a constant mass-to-light ratio.
The effect of mydriasis from phenylephrine on corneal shape

Purpose: A previous study reported that pharmacologically‐dilated pupils changed the corneal shape. Researchers used mydriatic agents with significant cycloplegic effect. The current study investigates the effect of mydriasis on corneal shape using phenylephrine alone, where phenylephrine has minimal effect on the accommodative system and whether corneal topography can be done after pupil dilation.
Relationships between epilepsy‐related factors and memory impairment

Objectives: In this study, we will explore the effect of epilepsy‐related factors such as: ‘type of epilepsy, ‘site and side of focus localisation’ and ‘age at onset’, as well as four seizure‐related factors: ‘years with continuing seizures’, ‘seizure type’ and ‘seizure frequency’, and the treatment factor ‘adverse effects of the medication’, on memory impairment. Additionally, we explored whether these epilepsy factors are related to different aspects of memory, i.e. short‐term recall vs long‐term recall, learning, and verbal memory vs non‐verbal memory.
An exon-specific U1 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) strategy to correct splicing defects

A significant proportion of disease-causing mutations affect precursor-mRNA splicing, inducing skipping of the exon from the mature transcript. Using F9 exon 5, CFTR exon 12 and SMN2 exon 7 models, we characterized natural mutations associated to exon skipping in Haemophilia B, cystic fibrosis and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), respectively, and the therapeutic splicing rescue by using U1 small nuclear RNA (snRNA). In minigene expression systems, loading of U1 snRNA by complementarity to the normal or mutated donor splice sites (5′ss) corrected the exon skipping caused by mutations at the polypyrimidine tract of the acceptor splice site, at the consensus 5′ss or at exonic regulatory elements. To improve specificity and reduce potential off-target effects, we developed U1 snRNA variants targeting non-conserved intronic sequences downstream of the 5′ss. For each gene system, we identified an exon-specific U1 snRNA (ExSpeU1) able to rescue splicing impaired by the different types of mutations. Through splicing-competent cDNA constructs, we demonstrated that the ExSpeU1-mediated splicing correction of several F9 mutations results in complete restoration of secreted functional factor IX levels. Furthermore, two ExSpeU1s for SMA improved SMN exon 7 splicing in the chromosomal context of normal cells. We propose ExSpeU1s as a novel therapeutic strategy to correct, in several human disorders, different types of splicing mutations associated with defective exon definition.
Multi-sensor super-resolution

Image sensing is usually done with multiple sensors, like the RGB sensors in color imaging, the IR and EO sensors in surveillance and satellite imaging, etc. The resolution of each sensor can be increased by considering the images of the other sensors, and using the statistical redundancy among the sensors. Particularly, we use the fact that most discontinuities in the image of one sensor correspond to discontinuities in the other sensors. Two applications are presented: Increasing the resolution of a single color image by using the correlation among the three color channels, and enhancing noisy IR images.
A comparison between desert and Mediterranean antlion populations: differences in life history and morphology

We performed a transplant experiment to compare the life histories and morphologies of five geographically representative antlion Myrmeleon hyalinus populations along a sharp climatic gradient, from a Mediterranean climate in Israel’s north to a desert climate in the south. Larvae were raised in two environmental chambers simulating Mediterranean and desert climates to investigate the extent to which the different populations exhibit phenotypic plasticity. Along the north‐to‐south climatic gradient, we observed a gradient in body mass prior to pupation and in pupation rate. Mediterranean populations suffered higher mortality rate when exposed to desert conditions, whereas the mortality rate of desert populations was consistent between Mediterranean and desert conditions. Our results regarding body mass, pupation rate and mortality rate suggest that Mediterranean populations had a more flexible response compared with desert populations. An analysis of digital photographs was used to measure population morphological differences, which were usually indicative of a decrease in trait size along the north‐to‐south gradient. We show how climatic gradients translate into phenotypic differences in an antlion population and provide a morphometric tool to distinguish between instar stages.
DR AF T Deep Learning Can Reverse Photon Migration for Diffuse Optical Tomography

aKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea. ; bKorea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), Ansan 15588, Korea ; cMedical Research Institute, Gangneung Asan Hospital, 38, Bangdong-gil, Sacheon-myeon, Gangneung, Korea; dAsan Biomedical Research Institute, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; eDepartment of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Mean mass-specific metabolic rates are strikingly similar across life's major domains: Evidence for life's metabolic optimum

A fundamental but unanswered biological question asks how much energy, on average, Earth's different life forms spend per unit mass per unit time to remain alive. Here, using the largest database to date, for 3,006 species that includes most of the range of biological diversity on the planet—from bacteria to elephants, and algae to sapling trees—we show that metabolism displays a striking degree of homeostasis across all of life. We demonstrate that, despite the enormous biochemical, physiological, and ecological differences between the surveyed species that vary over 1020-fold in body mass, mean metabolic rates of major taxonomic groups displayed at physiological rest converge on a narrow range from 0.3 to 9 W kg−1. This 30-fold variation among life's disparate forms represents a remarkably small range compared with the 4,000- to 65,000-fold difference between the mean metabolic rates of the smallest and largest organisms that would be observed if life as a whole conformed to universal quarter-power or third-power allometric scaling laws. The observed broad convergence on a narrow range of basal metabolic rates suggests that organismal designs that fit in this physiological window have been favored by natural selection across all of life's major kingdoms, and that this range might therefore be considered as optimal for living matter as a whole.
Algebraic Implementation of Model Checking Algorithms

We describe an algebraic methodology for implementing model checking algorithms. In this methodology temporal logic formulas are seen as phrases of a source language Ls and the sets of states of a as elements of an algebra of sets called the target language, Lt. Thus, the model checker becomes an algebraic compiler C : Ls → Lt which maps temporal logic formulas in Ls into the sets of states of the model in Lt which satisfy these formulas. Since algebraic compilers can be automatically generated from algebraic specifications of the source and target algebras this methodology enjoys the advantage of the automatic generation of model checking algorithms from the algebraic specification of the temporal logics and their associated models. Also, since algebraic compilers implement translation via a homomorphism between the source and target algebras, which is a naturally parallel computation, the model checkers thus implemented are naturally parallel algorithms.
Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the Columbia Basin and Northeastern Oregon

Abstract Aphid species, such as the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas, and the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer, are routinely considered the most important pests of potatoes. Potato aphid, green peach aphid, and more recently, other aphids such as the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. have been identified as vectors of multiple plant pathogenic viruses in potatoes. Since 2006, an area-wide trapping network consisting of ∼60 sites was developed through collaboration between researchers, extension faculty, and stakeholders, to monitor aphid populations in the Columbia Basin of Oregon (Umatilla and Morrow counties) and in northeastern Oregon (Union and Baker counties). Over a 9-yr period (2006 to 2014), aphid specimens were collected weekly using yellow bucket traps and specimens were then identified and counted to determine population levels during the growing season (May–September). Thus, aphid population data were compiled and subjected to spatial and temporal distribution analysis. Weather data, obtained from an established network of weather stations located in the monitoring areas, were used in a nonparametric multiplicative regression analysis to determine which abiotic variables may impact aphid populations. Weather conditions were characterized using confidence intervals (CIs) established based on weather data from 1999 to 2005 for each environmental variable. Aphid populations were found to have a heterogeneous distribution in most years; a few sites had high aphid populations while low numbers were observed at most sites; aphids were also found to correlate with several abiotic variables, namely, elevation, previous season temperature, and previous season dew point.
Simultaneous removal of chromium and sulphate from tannery waste using microbes

Leather industry contributes to one of the major industrial pollution problems our country is facing today. Microbes (bacteria/fungi) are the most important eco-friendly agents for the degradation and detoxification of industrial pollutants along with organic waste removal. Extensive research has been carried out to find suitable, resistant and efficient microbes to treat the tannery effluent. In the concerned study, we have tried to isolate the organisms from the tannary effluent acclimatized them to increasing Chromium and Sulphate rich environment which may later be utilized towards bioremediation of both the pollutants. In this direction, bacteria resisting 240mg/l Cr and 280mg/l and others with 170mg/l Cr and 200mg/l sulphates have been obtained and tested for growth rates and Cr removal capacity. A maximum of 99.8% Cr removal have been achieved in four days of submerged culture by Micrococcus yunnanensis. The consortium of Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Micrococcus yunnanensis microbes is found to be best performing interms of biomass growth and removal of Cr than the individual isolate. These two microbes also remediated about 24% sulphate from the culture. The optimal parameters for treatment process were pH 7, temperature 35oC, rpm 100 and Cr concentration 150 mg/l. Laboratory scale fermenter study maintaining the optimized parameters showed 97.5 % removal of Cr in just 48 hours and the highest of which is 98% achieved in 56 hours. In a second step, the effluent was treated by a consortium of SRBs (Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, D. vulgaris and D. gigas) that utilize Cr(VI) as an electron acceptor for sulphate reduction and hence both Cr(VI) and sulphates get removed from the broth. From the initial concentrations of 150mg/l and 200 mg/l of Cr(VI) and sulphate in the simulated wastewater, it was brought down to 0.1 mg/l and 70.2 mg/l for Cr and sulphate respectively. Hence in a two stage biological treatment process for tannery waste, an excellent 99.9% Chromium and 63.9 % sulphate removal was achieved.
Severe Relapsing Goodpasture's Disease Successfully Treated with Mycophenolate Mofetil

Goodpasture's disease is a rare autoimmune disorder characterised by the development of antiglomerular basement membrane autoantibodies, which typically presents with rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis and pulmonary haemorrhage. Even with aggressive nonspecific immunosuppression and plasma exchange, mortality remains high. We report a case of life-threatening Goodpasture's disease with relapsing pulmonary haemorrhage refractory to conventional therapy. Second line treatment was based on mycophenolate mofetil 1 g every 12 hours and prednisolone 60 mg/day. In this case, the use of a low-dose mycophenolate mofetil regimen turned out to be insufficient. However, in our opinion higher mycophenolate mofetil doses should be considered an alternative treatment, mainly in relapsing disease, due to its mechanism of action and current insufficient therapeutic weapons.
Adaptive Antenna with mixed diversity angular and polarization for Wireless LAN terminals

In this paper, we present a new approach of adaptive antennas design for wireless high rate communication terminal using a mixed diversity (angular and polarization) for mitigating inter-symbol interference due to multipaths. This approach can be regarded as an alternative to the well-known approach of equalization which imposes the use of expansive integrated circuits to eliminate inter-symbol interferences. Design principle and experimental results of switched antennas with mixed diversity are presented in this work.
Efficient context-sensitive plausible inference for information disclosure

Plausible inference is an essential aspect of logic-based information disclosure. This paper proposes a context-sensitive plausible inference mechanism based on a so-called index expression belief network. Plausible inference is cloaked as probabilistic evidence propagation within this network. Preliminary experiments show general evidence propagation algorithms to be too inefficient for real-life information disclosure applications. The paper sketches two optimizations whereby efficient, special-purpose evidence propagation may be realized.
Pattern identification in pareto-set approximations

In a multiobjective setting, evolutionary algorithms can be used to generate a set of compromise solutions. This makes decision making easier for the user as he has alternative solutions at hand which he can directly compare. However, if the number of solutions and the number of decision variables which define the solutions are large, such an analysis may be difficult and corresponding tools are desirable to support a human in separating relevant from irrelevant information. In this paper, we present a method to extract structural information from Pareto-set approximations which offers the possibility to present and visualize the trade-off surface in a compressed form. The main idea is to identify modules of decision variables that are strongly related to each other. Thereby, the set of decision variables can be reduced to a smaller number of significant modules. Furthermore, at the same time the solutions are grouped in a hierarchical manner according to their module similarity. Overall, the output is a dendrogram where the leaves are the solutions and the nodes are annotated with modules. As will be shown on knapsack problem instances and a network processor design application, this method can be highly useful to reveal hidden structures in compromise solution sets.
A Workflow Reference Monitor for Enforcing Purpose-Based Policies

Purpose is a key concept in privacy policies. Based on the purpose framework developed in our earlier work [11] we present an access control model for a work ow-based information system in which a work ows reference monitor ( WfRM ) enforces purpose-based policies. We use a generic access control policy language and show how it can be connected to the purpose modal logic language ( PML ) to link purpose constraints to access control rules and how such policies can be enforced. We also present a simple implementation of such a reference monitor based on extending eXtensible Access Control Markup Language( XACML ), a commonly used access control open standard.
PYY3-36 reinforces insulin action on glucose disposal in mice fed a high-fat diet.

Peptide YY(3-36) (PYY(3-36)) is released by the gut in response to nutrient ingestion. It modulates the activities of orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons and anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the hypothalamus to inhibit food intake. Because both NPY and POMC have also been shown to impact insulin action, we wondered whether PYY(3-36) could improve insulin sensitivity. To address this question, we examined the acute effect of intravenous PYY(3-36) on glucose and free fatty acid (FFA) flux during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in mice maintained on a high-fat diet for 2 weeks before the experiment. We also evaluated the effects of PYY(3-36) infusion on glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue in this experimental context. Under basal conditions, none of the metabolic parameters were affected by PYY(3-36). Under hyperinsulinemic conditions, glucose disposal was significantly increased in PYY(3-36)-infused compared with vehicle-infused mice (103.8 +/- 10.9 vs. 76.1 +/- 11.4 micromol.min(-1). kg(-1), respectively; P = 0.001). Accordingly, glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue was greater in PYY(3-36)-treated animals, although the difference with controls did not reach statistical significance in adipose tissue (muscle: 2.1 +/- 0.5 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.5 micromol/g tissue, P = 0.049; adipose tissue: 0.8 +/- 0.4 vs. 0.4 +/- 0.3 micromol/g tissue, P = 0.08). In contrast, PYY(3-36) did not impact insulin action on endogenous glucose production or FFA metabolism. These data indicate that PYY(3-36) reinforces insulin action on glucose disposal in mice fed a high-fat diet, through a mechanism that is independent of food intake and body weight. In contrast, it leaves glucose production and lipid flux largely unaffected in this experimental context.
RINF (CXXC5) is overexpressed in solid tumors and is an unfavorable prognostic factor in breast cancer.

BACKGROUND We have previously described the essential role of the retinoid-inducible nuclear factor (RINF) during differentiation of hematopoietic cells and suggested its putative involvement in myeloid leukemia and preleukemia. Here, we have investigated whether this gene could have a deregulated expression in malignant tissues compared with their normal tissues of origin and if this potential deregulation could be associated with important clinicopathological parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS RINF messenger RNA expression was examined in biopsies from locally advanced breast tumors, metastatic malignant melanomas, and papillary thyroid carcinomas and compared with their paired or nonpaired normal reference samples. Further, the prognostic role of RINF expression was evaluated in locally advanced breast cancer. RESULTS RINF expression was significantly higher in all tumor forms (primary breast, and thyroid cancers and metastatic melanomas) as compared with normal control tissues (P < 0.001 for each comparison). Importantly, high levels of RINF expression correlated to a poor overall survival in breast cancer (P = 0.013). This finding was confirmed in three independent public microarray datasets (P = 0.043, n = 234; P = 0.016, n = 69; P = 0.001, n = 196) and was independent of tamoxifen therapy. Notably, high levels of RINF was strongly associated with TP53 wild-type status (P = 0.002) possibly indicating that high levels of RINF could substitute for TP53 mutations as an oncogenic mechanism during the malignant development of some cases of breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that (i) RINF overexpression is associated with the malignant phenotype in solid tumors and (ii) RINF overexpression represents an independent molecular marker for poor prognosis in breast tumors.
Field-induced dispersion in subdiffusion

We discuss the response of continuous-time random walks to an oscillating external field within the generalized master equation approach. We concentrate on the time dependence of the two first moments of the walker's displacement. We show that for power-law waiting-time distributions with 0<alpha<1 corresponding to a semi-Markovian situation showing nonstationarity, the mean particle position tends to a constant; namely, the response to the external perturbation dies out. On the other hand, the oscillating field leads to a new additional contribution to the dispersion of the particle position, proportional to the square of its amplitude and growing with time. These new effects, amenable to experimental observation, result directly from the nonstationary property of the system.