Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cerebral Protein Synthesis in a Knockin Mouse Model of the Fragile X Premutation

The (CGG)n-repeat in the 5′-untranslated region of the fragile X mental retardation gene (FMR1) gene is polymorphic and may become unstable on transmission to the next generation. In fragile X syndrome, CGG repeat lengths exceed 200, resulting in silencing of FMR1 and absence of its protein product, fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). CGG repeat lengths between 55 and 200 occur in fragile X premutation (FXPM) carriers and have a high risk of expansion to a full mutation on maternal transmission. FXPM carriers have an increased risk for developing progressive neurodegenerative syndromes and neuropsychological symptoms. FMR1 mRNA levels are elevated in FXPM, and it is thought that clinical symptoms might be caused by a toxic gain of function due to elevated FMR1 mRNA. Paradoxically, FMRP levels decrease moderately with increasing CGG repeat length in FXPM. Lowered FMRP levels may also contribute to the appearance of clinical problems. We previously reported increases in regional rates of cerebral protein synthesis (rCPS) in the absence of FMRP in an Fmr1 knockout mouse model and in a FXPM knockin (KI) mouse model with 120 to 140 CGG repeats in which FMRP levels are profoundly reduced (80%–90%). To explore whether the concentration of FMRP contributes to the rCPS changes, we measured rCPS in another FXPM KI model with a similar CGG repeat length and a 50% reduction in FMRP. In all 24 brain regions examined, rCPS were unaffected. These results suggest that even with 50% reductions in FMRP, normal protein synthesis rates are maintained.
Chilling accumulation in temperate fruit trees in Spain under climate change

Abstract. Temperate fruit trees account for almost half of the worldwide fruit production, with Spain one of the largest world producers. Growing trees are quite vulnerable to cold temperatures. To minimise the effect of these cold temperatures, they stop their growth over the coldest months of the year, a state called dormancy. In particular, endodormancy, i.e. a dormancy related to the plant's inner physiological factors, requires accumulating cool temperatures to finish dormancy (be broken). The accumulation of cool temperatures according to specific rules is called chilling accumulation, and the chilling accumulation required to break dormancy is different for each tree crop and variety. There are several methods to calculate the chilling accumulation, all of them based on temperature only. Under global warming, it is expected that the fulfilment of the chilling requirements to break dormancy in temperate fruit trees could be compromised. In this study, the impact of climate change on the chilling accumulation over Peninsular Spain and the Balearic Islands was assessed. For this, bias-adjusted results of 10 Regional Climate Models (RCMs) under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 were used as inputs of four different methods for calculating chilling accumulation, and the results were compared for the near and far future under both RCPs. These results project a generalised reduction in chilling accumulation regardless of the RCP, future period or chilling calculation method used, with higher reductions for the far future and the RCP8.5 scenario. The projected winter chill decrease may threaten the viability of some tree crops and varieties in some areas, but also shows scope for varieties with lower chilling requirements. The results are relevant for planning future tree plantations under climate change, supporting adaptation of spatial distribution of tree crops and varieties in Spain.
Uncertainty Modeling Design with a Probabilistic Fuzzy Neural Network

In this paper, a probabilistic fuzzy neural network (PFNN) is proposed to handle dynamic uncertainties. The probabilistic fuzzy logic system (PFLS) is capable to process the stochastic and fuzzy information together. When the PFLS and neural networks are integrated in a unified framework, the PFNN can adaptively capture and model the probabilistic uncertainties from the measured variables to improve its modeling capability. Finally, the simulation result shows the proposed PFNN is effective for uncertainty modeling.
Interference Minimization in k-Connected Wireless Networks

Given a set of positions for wireless nodes, the kconnected interference minimization problem seeks to assign a transmission radius to each node such that the resulting network is k-connected and the maximum interference is minimized. We show there exist sets of n points on the line for which any k-connected network has maximum interference Ω( √ kn). We present polynomial-time algorithms that assign transmission radii to any given set of n nodes to produce a kconnected network with maximum interference O( √ kn) in one dimension and O(min{k√n, k log λ}) in two dimensions, where λ denotes the ratio of the longest to shortest distances between any pair of nodes.
Fast and Robust Parallel SGD Matrix Factorization

Matrix factorization is one of the fundamental techniques for analyzing latent relationship between two entities. Especially, it is used for recommendation for its high accuracy. Efficient parallel SGD matrix factorization algorithms have been developed for large matrices to speed up the convergence of factorization. However, most of them are designed for a shared-memory environment thus fail to factorize a large matrix that is too big to fit in memory, and their performances are also unreliable when the matrix is skewed. This paper proposes a fast and robust parallel SGD matrix factorization algorithm, called MLGF-MF, which is robust to skewed matrices and runs efficiently on block-storage devices (e.g., SSD disks) as well as shared-memory. MLGF-MF uses Multi-Level Grid File (MLGF) for partitioning the matrix and minimizes the cost for scheduling parallel SGD updates on the partitioned regions by exploiting partial match queries processing}. Thereby, MLGF-MF produces reliable results efficiently even on skewed matrices. MLGF-MF is designed with asynchronous I/O permeated in the algorithm such that CPU keeps executing without waiting for I/O to complete. Thereby, MLGF-MF overlaps the CPU and I/O processing, which eventually offsets the I/O cost and maximizes the CPU utility. Recent flash SSD disks support high performance parallel I/O, thus are appropriate for executing the asynchronous I/O. From our extensive evaluations, MLGF-MF significantly outperforms (or converges faster than) the state-of-the-art algorithms in both shared-memory and block-storage environments. In addition, the outputs of MLGF-MF is significantly more robust to skewed matrices. Our implementation of MLGF-MF is available at http://dm.postech. ac.kr/MLGF-MF as executable files.
A prospective study of ceftriaxone treatment in acute pyelonephritis caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.

BACKGROUND Much controversy exists as to whether cephalosporin treatment is appropriate for infections caused by ESBL-producing organisms because no randomized controlled studies have been performed. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of ceftriaxone treatment in acute pyelonephritis caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Proteus mirabilis. MATERIAL AND METHOD The authors performed a prospective study in female patients hospitalized with acute pyelonephritis caused by ESBL-producing or ESBL-nonproducing E. coli, K. pneumoniae, or P. mirabilis in four hospitals in Thailand from 2004 to 2006. The clinical and microbiological outcomes were evaluated at 72 hours after empirical ceftriaxone treatment. RESULTS One hundred eleven patients with the mean age of 65.29 years participated in this study. There were no differences in demographic and clinical characteristics and laboratory data between the ESBL-producing and ESBL-nonproducing groups except the higher rates of previous antibiotic use and urinary tract infection; and the lower frequency of costovertebral angle tenderness in the ESBL-producing group. Both clinical (65% and 93%) and microbiological (67.5% and 100%) responses at 72 hours after ceftriaxone treatment were poorer in the ESBL-producing group than in the ESBL-nonproducing group (p < 0.0002). CONCLUSION To the authors' knowledge, this is the first prospective study to evaluate the outcomes of ceftriaxone treatment in acute pyelonephritis caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. The present study confirms that acute pyelonephritis in the female patients caused by ESBL-producing strains could not be treated with ceftriaxone.
Specific emitter identification for enhanced access control security

This paper presents the application of specific emitter identification (SEI) to access control and points out the security caveats of current radio-based access remotes. Specifically, SEI is applied to radio frequency (RF) access remotes used to open and close motorised gates in residential housing complexes for the purposes of access control. A proof-of-concept SEI system was developed to investigate whether it is possible to distinguish between the RF signals produced by two nominally-identical access remotes. It was determined that it is possible to distinguish between the remotes with an accuracy of 98%.
Implant Surgery Complications: Etiology and Treatment

Implant surgery complications are frequent occurrences in dental practice and knowledge in the management of these cases is essential. The aim of this review was to highlight the challenges of treatment plan-related, anatomy-related, and procedure-related surgical complications as well as to discuss the etiology, management and treatment options to achieve a satisfactory treatment outcome.
CodeBricks: code fragments as building blocks

We present a framework for code generation that allows programs to manipulate and generate code at the source level while the joining and splicing of executable code is carried out automatically at the intermediate code/VM level. The framework introduces a data type Code to represent code fragments: methods/operators from this class are used to reify a method from a class, producing its representation as an object of type Code. Code objects can be combined by partial application to other Code objects. Code combinators, corresponding to higher-order methods, allow splicing the code of a functional actual parameter into the resulting Code object. CodeBricks is a library implementing the framework for the . NET Common Language Runtime. The framework can be exploited by language designers to implement metaprogramming, multistage programming and other language features. We illustrate the use of the technique in the implementation of a fully featured regular expression compiler that generates code emulating a finite state automaton. We present benchmarks comparing the performance of the RE matcher built with CodeBricks with the hand written one present in . NET.
Investigation on geotechnical engineering properties of coal mine spoil subjected to slaking

This research project has led to the development of a new approach to assess the saturated and unsaturated properties of soil material subjected to slaking. Constant saturation along with overburden pressure resulted in a larger vertical deformation ofInvestigation on geotechnical engineering properties of coal mine spoil subjected to slaking the slaking chambers; which is indicative of slaking, these results indicate that material slaking was occurring due to saturation and overburden pressure. This will have a substantial benefit to the mining operations with distinctive interest associated to safety of the mine spoil slopes, limiting failures to protect workers, equipment, and operational costs.
LONG - TERM VARIATIONS IN MACROBENTHOS DIVERSITY AT THE ISTANBUL STRAIT’S (BOSPORUS) OUTLET AREA OF THE BLACK SEA

This work continues a series of studies on deep-water benthos in the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) outlet area of the Black Sea, conducted within the framework of the EU 7th FP project HYPOX (In situ monitoring of oxygen depletion in hypoxic ecosystems of coastal and open seas, and land-locked water bodies) EC Grant 226213. The aim of that study was the analysis of long-term changes in diversity and structure of the benthic fauna inhabiting the depth zone where the oxic/anoxic interface zone meets the sea floor. Time comparison interval covers the period from 1958 to 2010. In general, the diversity or densities of macrozoobenthos were positively related with environmental factors such as sediment, depth and oxygen concentration. Outcome of the long- term environmental degradation period was the loss of diversity. Macrobenthos communities Terebellides stroemi – Amphiura stepanovi and Modiolula phaseolina essentially rebuilt its structure. Unstable hydrodynamics and oxygen depletion are two crucial factors of decrease diversity in T. stroemi – A. stepanovi community. The species composition of M. phaseolina community at the border of the hydrogen sulfide area is distinct from those dwelling in oxic areas of the Black Sea. Living organisms of macrobenthos were not found at the oxygen content near 12 μmol L -1 (160 m). This confirms that oxygen depletion at great depths is the limiting factor of life in the Black Sea. During MSM/15-cruise (2010) was found a large species of the polychaete Sabella pavonina (Savigny, 1822). This species was new record for the Black Sea.
Applying Differential-Mode Transformer to Current Sharing With Current Ripple Considered

A simple current-sharing control technique for the switching power supply is presented herein, which is based on the concept of the differential-mode transformer and which makes the load current evenly shared well among phases all over the line voltage and load current ranges. This current-sharing structure is very simple, and it makes the efficiency relatively high at light load, which is quite suitable for industrial applications with standby power considered. In this circuit, a synchronously rectified switch is used to further upgrade the efficiency, and the coupling output inductors in copolarity are utilized to decrease the phase current ripples. In this paper, the detailed basic operating principles, together with mathematical deductions, are first described, and second, some simulated and experimental results are provided to demonstrate the proposed control strategy.
FDB: A Query Engine for Factorised Relational Databases

Factorised databases are relational databases that use compact factorised representations at the physical layer to reduce data redundancy and boost query performance. This paper introduces FDB, an in-memory query engine for select-project-join queries on factorised databases. Key components of FDB are novel algorithms for query optimisation and evaluation that exploit the succinctness brought by data factorisation. Experiments show that for data sets with many-to-many relationships FDB can outperform relational engines by orders of magnitude.
Numerical modeling for long term performance of soil-bentonite cut-off walls in unsaturated soil zone

xiv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background of the Study 1 1.2 Purpose and Scope of the Study 3 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 5 2.1 Overview of the Literature Review on Soil-Bentonite Cut-Off Wall 5 2.2 Performance of Soil-Bentonite Cut-Off Wall 6 2.3 Importance of Hydraulic Conductivity Data in Different Fields 8 2.4 Problems Associated with Determination of Actual Hydraulic Conductivity Data According to Methods and Equipments 11 2.5 Hydraulic Conductivity Functions for Unsaturated Soils 11 2.6 Importance of Soil Matric Suction 17 2.6. 1 Theoretical Concepts of Soil Matric Suction 18 2.6. 2 Components of Soil Suction 19 2.7 Flow Equation 20 2.8 The Unsaturated Soils Flow Properties 21 2.9 Concept of Static Pressure and Pressure Head in a Fluid 25 2.10 Potentiality of Modeling in Understanding Water Migration through Soil and Associated Phenomenon 27 2.11 Use of Bentonite in Barrier Walls 28 2.11.1 Properties of Bentonite 28 2.12 Main Points in Literature Review 30 CHAPTER 3: EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND MATERIAL CHARATERISTICS 31 3.1 Material 31 3.2 Material Characteristics and Preliminary Testing 33 3.2.1 Initial Dry Density 34 3.2.2 Water Content 34 3.2.3 Specific Gravity 35 3.2.4 Grain-Size Distribution 35 3.2.5 Plasticity Index 36 3.2.6 Consolidation Test 36 3.2.7 Direct Shear Test 37
Multiple myeloma: genome sequencing, drug development and the future outlook

Interview by Jonathan Patience, Commissioning Editor Keith Stewart is the Dean for Research at Mayo Clinic (AZ, USA). He holds the Vasek and Anna Maria Polak Endowed Professorship in Cancer Research. He received his medical degree at Aberdeen University Medical School and trained in internal medicine and hematology in Glasgow, Kingston, Toronto and Boston. He was a consultant at the Toronto General and Princess Margaret Hospitals from 1992 to 2005 and a Professor in the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Toronto. He joined Mayo Clinic in Arizona in 2005. His lab-based research has focused on the genomics and developmental therapeutics of multiple myeloma. He has led numerous clinical trials from ‘first in man’, through to large international Phase III studies. Funding for his research includes the National Cancer Institute, the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society (LLS) and the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF). In addition, he is an associate editor of Blood, the journal of the American Society of Hematology (ASH).
A Case of Reactive Cervical Lymphadenopathy with Fat Necrosis Impinging on Adjacent Vascular Structures

A tender neck mass in adults can be a diagnostic challenge due to a wide differential diagnosis, which ranges from reactive lymphadenopathy to malignancy. In this report, we describe a case of a young female with an unusually large and tender reactive lymph node with fat necrosis. The diagnostic imaging findings alone mimicked that of scrofula and malignancy, which prompted a complete workup. Additionally, the enlarged lymph node was compressing the internal jugular vein in the setting of oral contraceptive use by the patient, raising concern for Lemierre's syndrome or internal jugular vein thrombosis. This report shows how, in the appropriate clinical context, and especially with the involvement of adjacent respiratory or neurovascular structures, aggressive diagnostic testing can be indicated.
Guided learning for role discovery (GLRD): framework, algorithms, and applications

Role discovery in graphs is an emerging area that allows analysis of complex graphs in an intuitive way. In contrast to community discovery, which finds groups of highly connected nodes, role discovery finds groups of nodes that share similar topological structure in the graph, and hence a common role (or function) such as being a broker or a periphery node. However, existing work so far is completely unsupervised, which is undesirable for a number of reasons. We provide an alternating least squares framework that allows convex constraints to be placed on the role discovery problem, which can provide useful supervision. In particular we explore supervision to enforce i) sparsity, ii) diversity, and iii) alternativeness in the roles. We illustrate the usefulness of this supervision on various data sets and applications.
Alpine Moist Meadow Response to Nitrogen Deposition in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem

The deposition of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen (N) in alpine ecosystems can have multiple deleterious effects on plants, soils and hydrology in both the alpine and areas downstream through leaching and export. Thresholds for ecological responses to N deposition have been established for lakes, soils and changes in plant community composition in some areas of the Rocky Mountains. These thresholds offer a target for land and air resource managers to prevent significant changes in ecosystem function, however the underlying feedbacks controlling ecosystem response have not been fully examined. Research originally proposed in association with our UW NPS Small Grant aimed to examine plant to ecosystem interactions within alpine moist meadows between two sites receiving different levels of N deposition. This focus has been modified, in response to site limitations, to examine the mediation of the N cycle by the alpine moist meadow plant community.
Tracking Slowly Moving Clairvoyant: Optimal Dynamic Regret of Online Learning with True and Noisy Gradient

This work focuses on dynamic regret of online convex optimization that compares the performance of online learning to a clairvoyant who knows the sequence of loss functions in advance and hence selects the minimizer of the loss function at each step. By assuming that the clairvoyant moves slowly (i.e., the minimizers change slowly), we present several improved variation-based upper bounds of the dynamic regret under the true and noisy gradient feedback, which are {\it optimal} in light of the presented lower bounds. The key to our analysis is to explore a regularity metric that measures the temporal changes in the clairvoyant's minimizers, to which we refer as {\it path variation}. Firstly, we present a general lower bound in terms of the path variation, and then show that under full information or gradient feedback we are able to achieve an optimal dynamic regret. Secondly, we present a lower bound with noisy gradient feedback and then show that we can achieve optimal dynamic regrets under a stochastic gradient feedback and two-point bandit feedback. Moreover, for a sequence of smooth loss functions that admit a small variation in the gradients, our dynamic regret under the two-point bandit feedback matches what is achieved with full information.
Electrophysiology of flounder intestinal mucosa. II. Relation of the electrical potential profile to coupled NaCl absorption

We characterized the hyperpolarization of the electrical potential profile of flounder intestinal cells that accompanies inhibition of NaCl cotransport. Several observations indicate that hyperpolarization of psi a and psi b (delta psi a,b) results from inhibition of NaCl entry across the apical membrane: (a) the response was elicited by replacement of mucosal solution Cl or Na by nontransported ions, and (b) mucosal bumetanide or serosal cGMP, inhibitors of NaCl influx, elicited delta psi a,b and decreased the transepithelial potential (psi t) in parallel. Regardless of initial values, psi a and psi b approached the equilibrium potential for K (EK) so that in the steady state following inhibition of NaCl entry, psi a approximately equal to psi b approximately equal to ECl approximately equal to EK. Bumetanide decreased cell Cl activity (aClc) toward equilibrium levels. Bumetanide and cGMP decreased the fractional apical membrane resistance (fRa), increased the slope of the relation of psi a to [K]m, and decreased cellular conductance (Gc) by approximately 85%, which indicates a marked increase in basolateral membrane conductance (Gb). Since the basolateral membrane normally shows a high conductance to Cl, a direct relation between apical salt entry and GClb is suggested by these findings. As judged by the response to bumetanide or ion replacement in the presence of mucosal Ba, inhibition of Na/K/Cl co-transport alone is not sufficient to elicit delta psi a,b. This suggests the presence of a parallel NaCl co-transport mechanism that may be activated when Na/K/Cl co-transport is compromised. The delta psi a,b response to reduced apical NaCl entry would assist in maintaining the driving force for Na- coupled amino acid uptake across the apical membrane as luminal [NaCl] falls during absorption.