Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Work-related psychosocial and mechanical risk factors for work disability: a 3-year follow-up study of the general working population in Norway.

OBJECTIVES This study examines the impact of work-related psychosocial and mechanical risk factors for work disability in the general working population. METHODS A randomly drawn cohort from the general population in Norway aged 18-66 years was followed for 3 years (N = 12 550, 67% response rate at baseline). Eligible respondents were in paid work for ≥ 10 hours per week in 2006 and were still in paid work or had quit working because of health problems (work disability) in 2009 (N = 6745). Five work-related psychosocial factors and eight mechanical exposures were measured. The outcome of interest was self-reported work disability at 3-year follow-up. RESULTS In total, 2.6% (176 individuals) reported work disability at the 3-year follow-up. Disability rates were higher among women, older workers, and those with fewer years of education and higher levels of psychological distress and musculoskeletal complaints. After adjusting for these factors, work-related psychosocial predictors of disability were low levels of supportive leadership [odds ratio (OR) 1.61, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.02-2.56] and monotonous work (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.09-2.16). Mechanical factors were neck flexion (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.36-4.56), prolonged standing (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.21-2.46), whole-body vibration (OR 4.15, 95% CI 1.77-9.71), and heavy physical work (OR 2.23. 95% CI 1.08-4.57). The estimated population risk attributable to these factors was about 45%. CONCLUSION Monotonous work, prolonged standing, neck flexion, and whole-body vibration appear to be the most consistent and important predictors of work disability.
Misfolding of Amyloidogenic Proteins and Their Interactions with Membranes

In this paper, we discuss amyloidogenic proteins, their misfolding, resulting structures, and interactions with membranes, which lead to membrane damage and subsequent cell death. Many of these proteins are implicated in serious illnesses such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Misfolding of amyloidogenic proteins leads to the formation of polymorphic oligomers and fibrils. Oligomeric aggregates are widely thought to be the toxic species, however, fibrils also play a role in membrane damage. We focus on the structure of these aggregates and their interactions with model membranes. Study of interactions of amlyoidogenic proteins with model and natural membranes has shown the importance of the lipid bilayer in protein misfolding and aggregation and has led to the development of several models for membrane permeabilization by the resulting amyloid aggregates. We discuss several of these models: formation of structured pores by misfolded amyloidogenic proteins, extraction of lipids, interactions with receptors in biological membranes, and membrane destabilization by amyloid aggregates perhaps analogous to that caused by antimicrobial peptides.
Network Working Group a Uniform Resource Name (urn) for Emergency and Other Well-known Services

Status of This Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract The content of many communication services depends on the context, such as the user's location. We describe a 'service' URN that allows well-known context-dependent services that can be resolved in a distributed manner to be identified. Examples include emergency services, directory assistance, and call-before-you-dig hot lines.
Well‐being and occupational health in the 21st century workplace

Over the last 40 years, major changes have taken place in the workplace. The growth in the use of information technology at work, the globalization of many industries, organizational restructuring, changes in work contracts and worktime scheduling have radically transformed the nature of work in many organizations. The workforce itself is also diversifying, with an increase in female participation, a growing number of dual-earner couples and older workers. The present paper discusses the impact of these workplace transitions on employee well-being. We focus on four issues that are current concerns for organizations and the workforce; job insecurity, work hours, control at work, and managerial style. For each topic, recent research is presented, with suggestions for future research and recommendations for practitioners working in the organizations of today. The paper concludes with some final considerations for researchers and practitioners that may benefit both employee well-being and organizational effectiveness.
Definition of a consensus DNA binding site for SRY.

The HMG box family is functionally diverse, with members involved in DNA recognition during nucleosome assembly, recombination and transcription (1 for review). A subclass of these proteins having a single HMG box are likely to be transcription factors and include the mammalian testis deteimnining factor (SRY), T-cell factor (TCF- 1), lymphoid enhancer factor (LEF-l or TCF-lIa) and the yeast sterility factor (Ste I 1); these proteins recognise not only non-B-DNA structures but also specific DNA sequences whose consensus is (A/T)(A/T)CAAA- G (2 for review). Recombinant SRY can bind these DNA sites in a sequence-dependent manner, and this activity is required for testis development (3,6). DNA binding sites for SRY have been deduced from the target sequences of related genes e.g. TCF-1 (3,4), LEF-1 (5), IRE-ABP (6) or from promoter regions of candidate downstream genes e.g. AMH and aromtiatase (7.8). but it remains to be determined whether these are optimal sites for interaction with SRY.
Semantically Relatable Sets: Building Blocks for Representing Semantics

Motivated by the fact that ultimately, automatic language analysis is constituent detection and attachment resolution , we present our work on the problem of generating and linking semantically relatable sets (SRS) as a via media to automatic sentence analysis leading to semantics extraction . These sets are of the form <entity 1 entity 2 > or <entity 1 function-word entity 2 > or <function-word entity> , where the entities can be single words or more complex sentence parts (such as an embedded clause). The challenge lies in finding the components of these sets, which involves solving prepositional phrase (PP) and clause attachment problems, and empty pronominal (PRO) determination. Use is made of (i) the parse tree of the sentence, (ii) the subcategorization frames of lexical items, (iii) the lexical properties of the words and (iv) the lexical resources like the WordNet and the Oxford Advanced Learners’ Dictionary (OALD) . The components within the sets and the sets themselves are linked using the semantic relations of an interlingua for machine translation called the Universal Networking Language (UNL) . The work forms part of a UNL based MT system, where the source language is analysed into semantic graphs and target language is generated from these graphs. The system has been tested on the Penn Treebank , and the results indicate the effectiveness of our approach.
Green Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Callicarpa maingayi Stem Bark Extraction

Different biological methods are gaining recognition for the production of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) due to their multiple applications. The use of plants in the green synthesis of nanoparticles emerges as a cost effective and eco-friendly approach. In this study the green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Callicarpa maingayi stem bark extract has been reported. Characterizations of nanoparticles were done using different methods, which include; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXF) spectrometry, zeta potential measurements and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. UV-visible spectrum of the aqueous medium containing silver nanoparticles showed absorption peak at around 456 nm. The TEM study showed that mean diameter and standard deviation for the formation of silver nanoparticles were 12.40 ± 3.27 nm. The XRD study showed that the particles are crystalline in nature, with a face centered cubic (fcc) structure. The most needed outcome of this work will be the development of value added products from Callicarpa maingayi for biomedical and nanotechnology based industries.
Chestnut Blight: Biological Control by Transmissible Hypovirulence in Endothia parasitica

Hypovirulence in Endothia parasitica is caused by a cytoplasmic determinant that is transferred by hyphal anastomosis in host tissue and in culture. Transmission of this determinant affects the virulence of the fungus to the extent that host invasion by previously virulent isolates is limited.
Functional Complementation of Anthocyanin Sequestration in the Vacuole by Widely Divergent Glutathione S-Transferases

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) traditionally have been studied in plants and other organisms for their ability to detoxify chemically diverse herbicides and other toxic organic compounds. Anthocyanins are among the few endogenous substrates of plant GSTs that have been identified. The Bronze2 (Bz2) gene encodes a type III GST and performs the last genetically defined step of the maize anthocyanin pigment pathway. This step is the conjugation of glutathione to cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G). Glutathionated C3G is transported to the vacuole via a tonoplast Mg-ATP–requiring glutathione pump (GS-X pump). Genetically, the comparable step in the petunia anthocyanin pathway is controlled by the Anthocyanin9 (An9) gene. An9 was cloned by transposon tagging and found to encode a type I plant GST. Bz2 and An9 have evolved independently from distinct types of GSTs, but each is regulated by the conserved transcriptional activators of the anthocyanin pathway. Here, a phylogenetic analysis is presented, with special consideration given to the origin of these genes and their relaxed substrate requirements. In particle bombardment tests, An9 and Bz2 functionally complement both mutants. Among several other GSTs tested, only soybean GmGST26A (previously called GmHsp26A and GH2/4) and maize GSTIII were found to confer vacuolar sequestration of anthocyanin. Previously, these genes had not been associated with the anthocyanin pathway. Requirements for An9 and Bz2 gene function were investigated by sequencing functional and nonfunctional germinal revertants of an9-T3529, bz2::Ds, and bz2::Mu1.
Minerals from the Kakanui Volcanic Breccia: A 2017 Look at Geological Reference Materials for EPMA

The microanalytical community owes a large debt to Gene Jarosewich and his co-workers (Joe Nelen, Julie Norberg) at the Department of Minerals Sciences at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History for their work in developing 31 mineral and glass microbeam standards [1] in the 1968-78 period [2]. Gene was very clear about the limitations of the standards, that X-ray counts should be acquired from multiple grains, as the stated wet chemical compositions represented averages of a large number of small of grains: “a reasonably large number of counts on a reasonably large number of grains" needed to be acquired on these standards. Despite some shortcomings of some of these materials (e.g., tiny grains difficult to mount and polish), they have served the community well.
Mutational Analysis at Intersubunit Interfaces of an Anionic Glutamate Receptor Reveals a Key Interaction Important for Channel Gating by Ivermectin

The broad-spectrum anthelmintic drug ivermectin (IVM) activates and stabilizes an open-channel conformation of invertebrate chloride-selective glutamate receptors (GluClRs), thereby causing a continuous inflow of chloride ions and sustained membrane hyperpolarization. These effects suppress nervous impulses and vital physiological processes in parasitic nematodes. The GluClRs are pentamers. Homopentameric receptors assembled from the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) GluClα (GLC-1) subunit can inherently respond to IVM but not to glutamate (the neurotransmitter). In contrast, heteromeric GluClα/β (GLC-1/GLC-2) assemblies respond to both ligands, independently of each other. Glutamate and IVM bind at the interface between adjacent subunits, far away from each other; glutamate in the extracellular ligand-binding domain, and IVM in the ion-channel pore periphery. To understand the importance of putative intersubunit contacts located outside the glutamate and IVM binding sites, we introduced mutations at intersubunit interfaces, between these two binding-site types. Then, we determined the effect of these mutations on the activation of the heteromeric mutant receptors by glutamate and IVM. Amongst these mutations, we characterized an α-subunit point mutation located close to the putative IVM-binding pocket, in the extracellular end of the first transmembrane helix (M1). This mutation (αF276A) moderately reduced the sensitivity of the heteromeric GluClαF276A/βWT receptor to glutamate, and slightly decreased the receptor subunits’ cooperativity in response to glutamate. In contrast, the αF276A mutation drastically reduced the sensitivity of the receptor to IVM and significantly increased the receptor subunits’ cooperativity in response to IVM. We suggest that this mutation reduces the efficacy of channel gating, and impairs the integrity of the IVM-binding pocket, likely by disrupting important interactions between the tip of M1 and the M2-M3 loop of an adjacent subunit. We hypothesize that this physical contact between M1 and the M2-M3 loop tunes the relative orientation of the ion-channel transmembrane helices M1, M2 and M3 to optimize pore opening. Interestingly, pre-exposure of the GluClαF276A/βWT mutant receptor to subthreshold IVM concentration recovered the receptor sensitivity to glutamate. We infer that IVM likely retained its positive modulation activity by constraining the transmembrane helices in a preopen orientation sensitive to glutamate, with no need for the aforementioned disrupted interactions between M1 and the M2-M3 loop.
Precise femtosecond laser ablation of dental hard tissue: preliminary investigation on adequate laser parameters

This work aims at evaluating the possibility of introducing state-of-the-art commercial femtosecond laser system in restorative dentistry by maintaining well-known benefits of lasers for caries removal, but also in overcoming disadvantages such as thermal damage of irradiated substrate. Femtosecond ablation of dental hard tissue is investigated by changing the irradiation parameters (pulsed laser energy, scanning speed and pulse repetition rate), assessed for enamel and dentin. The femtosecond laser system used in this work may be suitable for cavity preparation in dentin and enamel, due to the expected effective ablation and low temperature increase when using ultra short laser pulses. If adequate laser parameters are selected, this system seems to be promising for promoting a laser-assisted, minimally invasive approach in restorative dentistry.
Concordant preferences for opposite–sex signals? Human pheromones and facial characteristics

We have investigated whether preferences for masculine and feminine characteristics are correlated across two modalities, olfaction and vision. In study 1, subjects rated the pleasantness of putative male (4,16–androstadien–3–one; 5α–androst–16–en–3–one) and female (1,3,5(10),16–estratetraen–3–ol) pheromones, and chose the most attractive face shape from a masculine–feminine continuum for a long– and a short–term relationship. Study 2 replicated study 1 and further explored the effects of relationship context on pheromone ratings. For long–term relationships, women's preferences for masculine face shapes correlated with ratings of 4,16–androstadien–3–one and men's preferences for feminine face shapes correlated with ratings of 1,3,5(10),16–estratetraen–3–ol. These studies link sex–specific preferences for putative human sex pheromones and sexually dimorphic facial characteristics. Our findings suggest that putative sex pheromones and sexually dimorphic facial characteristics convey common information about the quality of potential mates.
SPA - a synthesisable Amulet core for smartcard applications

SPA is a synthesised, self-timed, ARM-compatible processor core. The use of synthesis was mandated by a need for rapid implementation. This has proved to be very effective, albeit with increased cost in terms of area and performance compared with earlier non-synthesised processors. SPA is employed in an experimental smartcard chip which is being designed to evaluate the applicability of self-timed logic in security-sensitive devices. The Balsa synthesis system is used to generate dual-rail logic with some enhancements to improve security against non-invasive attacks. A complete system-on-chip is being synthesised with a only small amount of hand design being employed to boost the throughput of the on-chip interconnection system.
Time Course of the Development of Alzheimer-like Pathology in the Doubly Transgenic PS1+APP Mouse

Doubly transgenic mice expressing both a mutated amyloid precursor protein and a mutated presenilin-1 protein accumulate A(beta) deposits as they age. The early A(beta) deposits were found to be primarily composed of fibrillar A(beta) and resembled compact amyloid plaques. As the mice aged, nonfibrillar A(beta) deposits increased in number and spread to regions not typically associated with amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease. The fibrillar, amyloid-containing deposits remained restricted to cortical and hippocampal structures and did not increase substantially beyond the 12-month time point. Even at early time points, the fibrillar deposits were associated with dystrophic neurites and activated astrocytes expressing elevated levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein. Microglia similarly demonstrated increased staining for complement receptor-3 in the vicinity of A(beta) deposits at early time points. However, when MHC-II staining was used to assess the degree of microglial activation, full activation was not detected until mice were 12 months or older. Overall, the regional pattern of A(beta) staining resembles that found in Alzheimer disease; however, a progression from diffuse A(beta) to more compact amyloid deposits is not observed in the mouse model. It is noted that the activation of microglia at 12 months is coincident with the apparent stabilization of fibrillar A(beta) deposits, raising the possibility that activated microglia might clear fibrillar A(beta) deposits at a rate similar to their rate of formation, thereby establishing a relatively steady-state level of amyloid-containing deposits.
Coding of Still Pictures

In this proposal, we analyze the access control proposals presented by Canon inc. [1] and EPFL[2], respectively, as well as the authentication scheme proposed by EPFL [2]. Although Canon’s solution provides good flexibility based on tile-parts, it is not intuitive for human users to use because tile-parts have no visual meaning/interpretation. In addition, this tile-part approach may not be compatible with JPIP. EPFL’s access control solution is simple and efficient but not scalable. More importantly, we feel that its security needs further investigation. In this proposal, we define a weak access structure and a strong access structure. We also present an access scheme which allows for access to images with arbitrary combination of resolutions and quality layers provided that a resolution key chain and a quality layer key chain are available. The scheme encrypts each packet using a packet key derived from the enabling resolution key and layer key. In order to have access control to cropped images, a tile-component-precinct key process management is addressed too. It should be pointed out that our scheme only satisfies the weak access structure because of a type of collusion attack we will discuss in detail in the paper. Notation: H(⋅): A one-way hash function. x||y: The concatenation of strings x and y Server: an image provider Client: an image consumer 1 Analysis of Canon’s Access Control Proposal Hayashi et al. [1] from Canon Inc. employ a “tile-group” concept to organize JPEG 2000 image tiles into a tree. The root of the tree is the code-stream or the image while the leaves are tiles. Any non-leaf node has four adjacent child nodes except the nodes whose descendant nodes have boundary tiles. Nodes are classified into “sequential access control node” and “random access control node” based on an access control policy, ♦ The “sequential access control” rule refers to:
Piezosurgery in Bone Augmentation Procedures Previous to Dental Implant Surgery: A Review of the Literature

The piezosurgery has been used with increasing frequency and applicability by health professionals, especially those who deal with dental implants. The concept of piezoelectricity has emerged in the nineteenth century, but it was applied in oral surgery from 1988 by Tomaso Vercellotti. It consists of an ultrasonic device able to cut mineralized bone tissue, without injuring the adjacent soft tissue. It also has several advantages when compared to conventional techniques with drills and saws, such as the production of a precise, clean and low bleed bone cut that shows positive biological results. In dental implants surgery, it has been used for maxillary sinus lifting, removal of bone blocks, distraction osteogenesis, lateralization of the inferior alveolar nerve, split crest of alveolar ridge and even for dental implants placement. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the use of piezosurgery in bone augmentation procedures used previously to dental implants placement.
Merging Sketches for Creative Design Exploration: An Evaluation of Physical and Cognitive Operations

Despite its grounding in creativity techniques, merging multiple source sketches to create new ideas has received scant attention in design literature. In this paper, we identify the physical operations that in merging sketch components. We also introduce cognitive operations of reuse, repurpose, refactor, and reinterpret, and explore their relevance to creative design. To examine the relationship of cognitive operations, physical techniques, and creative sketch outcomes, we conducted a qualitative user study where student designers merged existing sketches to generate either an alternative design, or an unrelated new design. We compared two digital selection techniques: freeform selection, and a stroke-cluster-based “object select” technique. The resulting merge sketches were subjected to crowdsourced evaluation of these sketches, and manual coding for the use of cognitive operations. Our findings establish a firm connection between the proposed cognitive operations and the context and outcome of creative tasks. Key findings indicate that reinterpret cognitive operations correlate strongly with creativity in merged sketches, while reuse operations correlate negatively with creativity. Furthermore, freeform selection techniques are preferred significantly by designers. We discuss the empirical contributions of understanding the use of cognitive operations during design exploration, and the practical implications for designing interfaces in digital tools that facilitate creativity in merging sketches.