Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Writing‐to‐learn Strategies in Secondary School Cell Biology: A mixed method study

Writing‐to‐learn techniques can enhance learning, yet a need remains for more empirical research on the quality of learning that results from engaging in particular writing tasks with description of the instructional support for writing situated in context. This report builds on past research linking inquiry, social negotiation, and writing strategies to student learning assessed for recall and conceptual understanding. Assessments were administered after two different writing types: laboratory reports written in either a conventional (Control group) or a non‐traditional format using the Science Writing Heuristic (SWH group) and a summary report of concepts explored in the inquiry activities. Results following summary report writing indicated SWH students performed better on conceptual questions, recognized distinct thinking was required by the two writing types, and were more likely to describe learning as they were writing compared with Control group students. Females who used the SWH and wrote summary reports to peers benefited most.
Phototherapy with blue (415 nm) and red (660 nm) light in the treatment of acne vulgaris

In this study we have evaluated the use of blue light (peak at 415 nm) and a mixed blue and red light (peaks at 415 and 660 nm) in the treatment of acne vulgaris. One hundred and seven patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris were randomized into four treatment groups: blue light, mixed blue and red light, cool white light and 5% benzoyl peroxide cream. Subjects in the phototherapy groups used portable light sources and irradiation was carried out daily for 15 min. Comparative assessment between the three light sources was made in an observer‐blinded fashion, but this could not be achieved for the use of benzoyl peroxide. Assessments were performed every 4 weeks. After 12 weeks of active treatment a mean improvement of 76% (95% confidence interval 66–87) in inflammatory lesions was achieved by the combined blue–red light phototherapy; this was significantly superior to that achieved by blue light (at weeks 4 and 8 but not week 12), benzoyl peroxide (at weeks 8 and 12) or white light (at each assessment). The final mean improvement in comedones by using blue–red light was 58% (95% confidence interval 45–71), again better than that achieved by the other active treatments used, although the differences did not reach significant levels. We have found that phototherapy with mixed blue–red light, probably by combining antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory action, is an effective means of treating acne vulgaris of mild to moderate severity, with no significant short‐term adverse effects.
Transepithelial Brush Biopsy - Oral CDx® - A Noninvasive Method for the Early Detection of Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions.

INTRODUCTION The Oral CDx® brush biopsy (BB) method is a computer-assisted sample analysis that detects abnormal cells in all cell layers of the epithelium of the oral mucosa. METHOD We took 263 oral BBs from 200 patients with potentially malignant disorders. RESULTS We received 204 negative results and 39 atypical, 7 positive and 13 inadequate results. SBs were taken in 56 cases. Therefore, the sensitivity for the detection of abnormal cells was 90% and the specificity was 44.1%. The positive predictive value accounted for 47.2% and the NPV accounted for 88.2%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION For the results of sensitivity and specificity of the Oral CDx® BB, there is still space for improvement but they are already high. Additional methods like DNA-image cytometry may enhance the results. But it is a simple and noninvasive method which does not need a special effort either from the patient or from the clinicians.
Defeasible logic programming: DeLP-servers, contextual queries, and explanations for answers

Argumentation represents a way of reasoning over a knowledge base containing possibly incomplete and/or inconsistent information, to obtain useful conclusions. As a reasoning mechanism, the way an argumentation reasoning engine reaches these conclusions resembles the cognitive process that humans follow to analyse their beliefs; thus, unlike other computationally reasoning systems, argumentation offers an intellectually friendly alternative to other defeasible reasoning systems. Logic Programming is a computational paradigm that has produced computationally attractive systems with remarkable success in many applications. Merging ideas from both areas, Defeasible Logic Programming offers a computational reasoning system that uses an argumentation engine to obtain answers from a knowledge base represented using a logic programming language extended with defeasible rules. This combination of ideas brings about a computationally effective system together with a human-like reasoning model facilitating its use .
Nearest singular descriptor system having impulsive initial-conditions

This paper considers a distance problem: given a singular first order system, what is the distance to a nearest singular descriptor system that has impulsive initial conditions. The link between impulsive initial conditions and zeros at infinity is well-known. This paper provides bounds on the minimum perturbation required for a pair of matrices E and A such that the perturbed matrix pencil has one or more zeros at infinity. We provide closed form solutions for the minimum value for rank one perturbations.
Embedding Reflexivity Within Experiential Qualitative Psychology

In this article, it is argued that reflexivity is integral to experiential qualitative research in psychology. Reflexivity has been defined in many ways. Woolgar's continuum of reflexivity though provides a useful gauge by which to judge whether a researcher is involved in simple reflection or reflexivity. The article demonstrates the benefits of adopting a reflexive attitude by presenting “challenge-to-competency. ” The author's encounter with Sarah will help illustrate the role of reflexivity both in data generation and in interpretative analysis. To close, it is proposed that reflexivity as hermeneutic reflection, with its grounding in hermeneutics and phenomenology, is a useful construct for guiding our engagement in reflexivity in experiential qualitative research.
Explaining the Decline in Intimate Partner Homicide

This article explains the two-decades-long decline in the intimate partner homicide rate in the United States in terms of three factors that reduce exposure to violent relationships: shifts in marriage, divorce, and other factors associated with declining domesticity; the improved economic status of women; and increases in the availability of domestic violence services. The authors' explanation is based on a theory of exposure reduction that helps to account for the especially pronounced decline in the rate at which married women kill their husbands. The authors test the theory with data from a panel of 29 large U.S. cities for the years 1976 to 1992. The results of the analysis are generally supportive of our exposure-reduction theory. The authors consider the importance of the results for subsequent research on intimate partner homicide and call for further evaluation of the efficacy of legal responses to domestic violence.
Bifurcations and chaos in a predator-prey system with the Allee effect

It is known from many theoretical studies that ecological chaos may have numerous significant impacts on the population and community dynamics. Therefore, identification of the factors potentially enhancing or suppressing chaos is a challenging problem. In this paper, we show that chaos can be enhanced by the Allee effect. More specifically, we show by means of computer simulations that in a time–continuous predator–prey system with the Allee effect the temporal population oscillations can become chaotic even when the spatial distribution of the species remains regular. By contrast, in a similar system without the Allee effect, regular species distribution corresponds to periodic/quasi–periodic oscillations. We investigate the routes to chaos and show that in the spatially regular predator–prey system with the Allee effect, chaos appears as a result of series of period–doubling bifurcations. We also show that this system exhibits period–locking behaviour: a small variation of parameters can lead to alternating regular and chaotic dynamics.
Optimal reentry range trajectory of hypersonic vehicle by Gauss Pseudospectral Method

The Gauss Pseudospectral Method is used to design the optimal reentry trajectory of the hypersonic vehicle to maximize the range under the heating rate, dynamic pressure and overload constraints. The indirect methods for solving the optimal control problems is to solve the necessary conditions by applying the Pontryagin minimum principle, which is difficult for solving the Two Points Boundary Value Problem. In this paper, the problem is transformed into a nonlinear programming problem (NLP) at the discrete points subject to continuous state equality and inequality constraints. The differential of the state can be expressed as the linear combination of the values at the discrete points approximately. Therefore, the dynamic equations can be transformed into the algebraic equations and the cost function is also expressed as the function of the states and control. The NLP can be solved by the sequential quadratic programming method. The proposed method is compared with the control parametrization method and the first one has the longer range than that of the second one.
QoS-driven function placement reducing expenditures in NFV deployments

With Network Function Virtualization (NFV), network functions are deployed as modular software components on the commodity hardware, and can be further chained to provide services, offering much greater flexibility and lower cost of the service deployment for the network operators. At the same time, replacing the network functions implemented in purpose built hardware with software modules poses a great challenge for the operator to maintain the same level of performance. The grade of service promised to the end users is formalized in the Service Level Agreement (SLA) that typically contains the QoS parameters, such as minimum guaranteed data rate, maximum end to end latency, port availability and packet loss. State of the art solutions can guarantee only data rate and latency requirements, while service availability, which is an important service differentiator is mostly neglected. This paper focuses on the placement of virtualized network functions, aiming to support service differentiation between the users, while minimizing the associated service deployment cost for the operator. Two QoS-aware placement strategies are presented, an optimal solution based on the Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problem formulation and an efficient heuristic to obtain near optimal solution. Considering a national core network case study, we show the cost overhead of availability-awareness, as well as the risk of SLA violation when availability constraint is neglected. We also compare the proposed function placement heuristic to the optimal solution in terms of cost efficiency and execution time, and demonstrate that it can provide a good estimation of the deployment cost in much shorter time.
A User's Guide to Banking Crises

The last 25 years have seen the resurgence of a problem of long historical standing: banking crises. While the general presence of a "banking system safety net" has typically prevented these modern crises from turning into the kinds of banking panics observed historically, they are nonetheless events of great significance. Caprio and Klingebiel (1997) identify 86 separate episodes of large scale bank insolvency or worse that have occurred since 1974. And, many of these episodes are of staggering enormity. For example, in the early 1980s, Argentina and Chile spent amounts equaling 55% and 42% of their GDP, respectively, on banking system bailouts. And, current estimates are that, in Thailand today, 60-70% of all loans are non-performing.1 The frequency and severity of these crises makes it essential to pose four questions: what causes banking crises? ; what can be done to prevent them or, at least, to mitigate their severity? ; what are the macroeconomic consequences of banking crises, and of the large bailouts that are often associated with them? ; what are the social costs associated with the occurrence of a banking crisis? and what social costs or benefits are derived by injecting resources into banking system bailouts? This paper is an attempt to address these questions.
Almost-Sure Model Checking of Infinite Paths in One-Clock Timed Automata

In this paper, we define two relaxed semantics (one based on probabilities and the other one based on the topological notion of largeness) for LTL over infinite runs of timed automata which rule out unlikely sequences of events. We prove that these two semantics match in the framework of single-clock timed automata (and only in that framework), and prove that the corresponding relaxed model-checking problems are PSPACE-Complete. Moreover, we prove that the probabilistic non-Zenoness can be decided for single-clocktimed automata in NLOGSPACE.
Acting as Intuitive Scientists: Contingency Judgments Are Made While Controlling for Alternative Potential Causes

In judging the efficacy of multiple causes of an effect, human performance has been found to deviate from the “normative”ΔP contingency rule However, in cases of multiple causes, that rule might not be normative, scientists and philosophers, for example, know that when judging a potential cause, one must control for all other potential causes. In an experiment in which they were shown trial-by-trial effects of two potential causes (which sometimes covaried), subjects used conditional rather than unconditional contingencies to rate the efficacy of the causes. A conditional contingency analysis may explain various “nonnormative” cue-integration effects (e.g., discounting) found in the literature and is relevant to how people unravel Simpson's paradox.
Enhancing imaging contrast via weighted feedback for iterative multi-image phase retrieval

Abstract. Iterative phase retrieval (IPR) has developed into a feasible and simple computational method to retrieve a complex-valued sample. Due to coherent illumination, the reconstructed image quality is degraded by speckle noise arising from a laser. Accordingly, partially coherent illumination has been introduced to alleviate this restriction. We apply weighted feedback modality into multidistance and multiwavelength phase retrieval to realize high-contrast and fast imaging. In simulation, it is proved that IPR based on weighted feedback accelerates the convergence in partially coherent illumination and speckle illumination. In experiment, the resolution chart and biological specimen are reconstructed in lensless and lens-based systems, which also demonstrate the performance of weighted feedback. This work provides a simple and high-contrast imaging modality for IPR. Also, it facilitates compact and flexible experimental implementation for label-free imaging.
A review of the effects of environmental enrichment on stroke in animal experimental models

Abstract The purpose of this article is to present the environmental enrichment(EE) method used to improve the functional recovery and change of brain plastic in animal experimental models of stroke.In animal experimental models of stroke, the environmental enrichment is effective in altering the morphological, biochemical and behavioral characteristics of the brain and thereby improving the functional outcomes. In this review article, we address the effects of EE in achieving a functional recovery in animal experimental models of stroke, thus attempting to describe them in patients with stroke from both occupational and rehabilitation perspectives. Key Words : Stroke, Environmental enrichment, Behavioral, Animal experimental models, Rehabilitation therapy요 약 본 연구의 목적은 뇌졸중 동물 실험 모델에서 환경 강화는 기능 회복을 향상 시키고 이로 인하여 뇌에 형태학적, 생화학과 행동에서 특징적인 변화와 그 효과들을 소개하고, 뇌졸중 환자에 환경 강화의 적용은 재활치료 및 작업치료를 포함한 다양 치료와 전 임상 실험의 중요성을 설명하고자 한다 . 이 종설 논문에서는 주로 뇌졸중 동물 실험 모델에서 환경 강화로 인한 기능적 회복에 대한 효과와 신경 친화성 물질 , 특정 단백질의 발현 및 임상 적용 사례 등의 연구 결과들을 소개하였다. 마지막으로 임상에서 뇌졸중 환자에게 환경 강화의 적용 가능성과 작업치료 및 재활치료의 관점에서 설명하였다.
Genetic Variation at the ADAMTS 7 Locus is Associated With Reduced Severity of Coronary Artery Disease

Methods and Results-—The lead CAD-associated single-nucleotide polymorphism rs3825807 at the ADAMTS7 locus was genotyped. The G allele (reduced ADAMTS7 function) was associated with a smaller fibrous cap (P=0.017) and a smaller percentage area of a-actin (smooth muscle cell marker) in the intima (P=0.017), but was not associated with calcification or plaque thickness, following ex vivo immunohistochemistry analysis of human coronary plaques (n=50; mean age 72.2 11.3). In two independent cohorts (Southampton Atherosclerosis Study [n=1359; mean age 62.5 10.3; 70.1% men] and the Emory Cardiovascular Biobank [EmCAB; n=2684; mean age 63.8 11.3; 68.7% men]), the G allele was associated with 16% to 19% lower odds of obstructive CAD (Southampton Atherosclerosis Study: odds ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.67–0.98; EmCAB: odds ratio, 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.95) with similar effects for multivessel, left anterior descending, and proximal CAD. Furthermore, each copy of the G allele was associated with lower angiographic severity Gensini score (Southampton Atherosclerosis Study, P=0.026; EmCAB, P<0.001), lower Sullivan Extent score (Southampton Atherosclerosis Study, P=0.029; EmCAB, P<0.001), and a 23% lower risk of incident revascularization procedures (EmCAB: hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.59–0.98). There were no associations with all-cause mortality or incident myocardial infarction.
Generation of a tamoxifen inducible Tnnt2MerCreMer knock‐in mouse model for cardiac studies

Tnnt2, encoding thin‐filament sarcomeric protein cardiac troponin T, plays critical roles in heart development and function in mammals. To develop an inducible genetic deletion strategy in myocardial cells, we generated a new Tnnt2:MerCreMer (Tnnt2MerCreMer/+) knock‐in mouse. Rosa26 reporter lines were used to examine the specificity and efficiency of the inducible Cre recombinase. We found that Cre was specifically and robustly expressed in the cardiomyocytes at embryonic and adult stages following tamoxifen induction. The knock‐in allele on Tnnt2 locus does not impact cardiac function. These results suggest that this new Tnnt2MerCreMer/+ mouse could be applied towards the temporal genetic deletion of genes of interests in cardiomyocytes with Cre‐LoxP technology. The Tnnt2MerCreMer/+ mouse model also provides a useful tool to trace myocardial lineage during development and repair after cardiac injury. genesis 53:377–386, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Identification of Insulin Saturation Effects During the Dynamic Insulin Sensitivity Test

Background: Many insulin sensitivity (SI) tests identify a sensitivity metric that is proportional to the total available insulin and measured glucose disposal despite general acceptance that insulin action is saturable. Accounting for insulin action saturation may aid inter-participant and/or inter-test comparisons of insulin efficiency, and model-based glycaemic regulation. Method: Eighteen subjects participated in 46 dynamic insulin sensitivity tests (DIST, low-dose 40-50 minute insulin-modified IVGTT). The data was used to identify and compare SI metrics from three models: a proportional model (SIL), a saturable model (SIS and Q50) and a model similar to the Minimal Model (SG and SIG). The three models are compared using inter-trial parameter repeatability, and fit to data. Results: The single variable proportional model produced the metric with least intra-subject variation: 13.8% vs 40.1%/55.6%, (SIS/I50) for the saturable model and 15.8%/88.2% (SIG/SG) for the third model. The average plasma insulin concentration at half maximum action (I50) was 139.3 mU·L-1, which is comparable to studies which use more robust stepped EIC protocols. Conclusions: The saturation model and method presented enables a reasonable estimation of an overall patient-specific saturation threshold, which is a unique result for a test of such low dose and duration. The detection of previously published population trends and significant bias above noise suggests that the model and method successfully detects actual saturation signals. Furthermore, the saturation model allowed closer fits to the clinical data than the other models, and the saturation parameter showed a moderate distinction between NGT and IFG-T2DM subgroups. However, the proposed model did not provide metrics of sufficient resolution to enable confidence in the method for either SI metric comparisons across dynamic tests or for glycamic control.
Cohomology and MP Spacetimes

This paper pursues a cohomological formulation for gravitation in which gravity might be expressed in terms of a gravitational potential, much in the spirit of electrodynamics. To this end we introduce a cochain complex consisting of $(n+2)$-tensors, symmetric in two indices and skew-symmetric in the remaining $n$ indices. The cohomology of the complex is shown to be isomorphic to the \v{C}ech cohomology of an appropriately defined sheaf of functions. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that in isotropic coordinates MP spacetimes as well as the Schwarzschild black hole may be thusly represented, that is, by means of the coboundary of a potential, as defined by the differential operator of the complex.
UE antenna properties and their influence on massive MIMO system performance

The use of large-scale antenna arrays can bring substantial improvements both in energy and spectral efficiencies. This paper presents an initial study of user equipment (UE) antenna performance based on prototypes for a massive MIMO test bed. Most publications in the massive MIMO area have assumed isotropic or dipole antenna characteristics at the UE side. It is, however, of greatest interest to evaluate the impact of realistic antenna implementations and user loading on such systems. In this study antennas are integrated into realistic UE form factors. Simulations are carried out to evaluate system performance using the UE antenna characteristics measured in a Satimo StarGate 64. Comparisons are made with ideal isotropic un-correlated antennas. The presented UEs are designed for the 3.7 GHz band used by the LuMaMi massive MIMO test bed at Lund University.
Stereospecific stimulation of brown adipocyte respiration by catecholamines via beta 1-adrenoreceptors.

Regulation of respiration by catecholamines was studied in adipocytes isolated from interscapular brown adipose tissue of warm-acclimated rats by rapid digestion of collagenase. (-)-Norepinephrine stimulated adipocyte respiration 10-12 times above basal values in less than 3 min. (Vmax = 410 +/- 29.5 nmol O2 . min-1 . 10(-6) cells-1). Stimulated respiration remained stable for at least 20 min, provided that cells were incubated in balanced salt media containing bicarbonate. The maximal capacity of total brown adipose tissue for norepinephrine-stimulated respitarion was estimated at 1.5 ml O2/min per rat. beta-Adrenergic agonists increased calorigenesis stereospecifically with an order of potency expected for respiratory stimulation via adrenoceptors of the beta 1-subtype: (-)-isoproterenol (1/2 Vmax = 2 nM) greater than (-)-norepinephrine (1/2 Vmax = 20 nM) approximately equal to (-)-epinephrine (1/2 Vmax = 40 nM) greater than corresponding (+)-stereoisomers. The alpha-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine (1/2 Vmax = 5 microM) stimulated adipocyte respiration as rapidly and as effectively as beta-agonists. Although alpha-adrenoreceptors are present in brown adipose tissue, studies with alpha- and beta-adrenergic antagonists revealed that norepinephrine elicits thermogenesis at physiological concentrations (less than or equal to 1 microM) predominantely via beta 1-adrenergic pathways.