Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robotic anterior resection of rectal cancer: technique and early outcome.

BACKGROUND The Da Vinci system is a newly developed device for colorectal surgery. With advanced stereoscopic vision, lack of tremor, and the ability to rotate the instruments surgeons find that robotic systems are ideal laparoscopic tools. Since conventional laparoscopic total mesorectal excision is a challenging procedure, we have sought to assess the utility of the Da Vinci robotic system in anterior resections for rectal cancer. METHODS Between November 2010 and December 2011, a total of 22 patients affected by rectal cancer were operated on with robotic technique, using the Da Vinci robot. Data regarding the outcome and pathology reports were prospectively collected in a dedicated database. RESULTS There were no conversions to open surgery and no postoperative mortality of any patient. Mean operative time was (220 ± 46) minutes (range, 152 - 286 minutes). The median number of lymph nodes harvested was (14.6 ± 6.5) (range, 8 - 32), and the circumferential margin was negative in all cases. The distal margin was (2.6 ± 1.2) cm (range, 1.0 - 5.5 cm). The mean length of hospital stay was (7.8 ± 2.6) days (range, 7.0 - 13.0 days). Macroscopic grading of the specimen was complete in 19 cases and nearly complete in three patients. CONCLUSIONS Robotic anterior resection for rectal surgery is safe and feasible in experienced hands. Outcome and pathology findings are comparable with those observed in open and laparoscopy procedures. This technique may facilitate minimally invasive radical rectal surgery.
Heat exchanger and a method of manufacturing the same

The heat exchanger 100 includes a flow channel formation member 11 and the serpentine tube unit 13. Flow channel formation member 11 has a first channel 19 which meanders to flow a first fluid. Serpentine tube unit 13, which has a second passage 20 to flow a second fluid, are disposed in first flow path 19 of the flow channel formation member 11. At least a portion of the flow channel formation member 11 is made of a resin foam. Flow channel formation member 11 has, for example, a plate-shaped upper member 15 having a groove serpentine along the surface direction, and a lower member 15 combined plate-shaped in top member 15. Lower member 15 is first channels 19 may be formed by covering the 16 groove of the upper member 15.
The influence of catch trials on the consolidation of motor memory in force field adaptation tasks

In computational neuroscience it is generally accepted that human motor memory contains neural representations of the physics of the musculoskeletal system and the objects in the environment. These representations are called “internal models”. Force field studies, in which subjects have to adapt to dynamic perturbations induced by a robotic manipulandum, are an established tool to analyze the characteristics of such internal models. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether catch trials during force field learning could influence the consolidation of motor memory in more complex tasks. Thereby, the force field was more than double the force field of previous studies (35 N·s/m). Moreover, the arm of the subjects was not supported. A total of 46 subjects participated in this study and performed center-out movements at a robotic manipulandum in two different force fields. Two control groups learned force field A on day 1 and were retested in the same force field on day 3 (AA). Two test groups additionally learned an interfering force field B (= −A) on day 2 (ABA). The difference between the two test and control groups, respectively, was the absence (0%) or presence (19%) of catch trials, in which the force field was turned-off suddenly. The results showed consolidation of force field A on day 3 for both control groups. Test groups showed no consolidation of force field A (19% catch trials) and even poorer performance on day 3 (0% catch trials). In conclusion, it can be stated that catch trials seem to have a positive effect on the performance on day 3 but do not trigger a consolidation process as shown in previous studies that used a lower force field viscosity with supported arm. These findings indicate that the results of previous studies in which less complex tasks were analyzed, cannot be fully transferred to more complex tasks. Moreover, the effects of catch trials in these situations are insufficiently understood and further research is needed.
A Novel, Broad-Range, CTXΦ-Derived Stable Integrative Expression Vector for Functional Studies

ABSTRACT CTXΦ, a filamentous vibriophage encoding cholera toxin, uses a unique strategy for its lysogeny. The single-stranded phage genome forms intramolecular base-pairing interactions between two inversely oriented XerC and XerD binding sites (XBS) and generates a functional phage attachment site, attP(+), for integration. The attP(+) structure is recognized by the host-encoded tyrosine recombinases XerC and XerD (XerCD), which enables irreversible integration of CTXΦ into the chromosome dimer resolution site (dif) of Vibrio cholerae. The dif site and the XerCD recombinases are widely conserved in bacteria. We took advantage of these conserved attributes to develop a broad-host-range integrative expression vector that could irreversibly integrate into the host chromosome using XerCD recombinases without altering the function of any known open reading frame (ORF). In this study, we engineered two different arabinose-inducible expression vectors, pBD62 and pBD66, using XBS of CTXΦ. pBD62 replicates conditionally and integrates efficiently into the dif of the bacterial chromosome by site-specific recombination using host-encoded XerCD recombinases. The expression level of the gene of interest could be controlled through the PBAD promoter by modulating the functions of the vector-encoded transcriptional factor AraC. We validated the irreversible integration of pBD62 into a wide range of pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria, such as V. cholerae, Vibrio fluvialis, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Gene expression from the PBAD promoter of integrated vectors was confirmed in V. cholerae using the well-studied reporter genes mCherry, eGFP, and lacZ.
Analysis of Target Tracking Algorithm in Thermal Imagery

Target tracking plays a vital role in the development of battlefield surveillance, airspace surveillance and Border Patrolling. The rapid uses of infrared imagery in target tracking prevents from a wide range of attacks in border security, sea shore security. Infrared imagery is an effective method to cluster heat generating targets and it can penetrate fog, haze, dust, smoke, snow, rain and extreme darkness operate at day and night. Infrared imagery is one of the major and efficient defensive medium in surveillance and monitoring activity. In this paper, an introduction of target tracking algorithms in infrared imagery is discussed and three detection algorithms such as single Reference Frame, Moving Average and Temporal Median Filter with tracking algorithm are implemented and analyzed on multiple targets dataset. This will open the new area for the researcher in the research field of security.
Making Availability as a Service in the Clouds

Cloud computing has achieved great success in modern IT industry as an excellent computing paradigm due to its flexible management and elastic resource sharing. To date, cloud computing takes an irrepalceable position in our socioeconomic system and influences almost every aspect of our daily life. However, it is still in its infancy, many problems still exist.Besides the hotly-debated security problem, availability is also an urgent issue.With the limited power of availability mechanisms provided in present cloud platform, we can hardly get detailed availability information of current applications such as the root causes of availability problem,mean time to failure, etc. Thus a new mechanism based on deep avaliability analysis is neccessary and benificial.Following the prevalent terminology 'XaaS',this paper proposes a new win-win concept for cloud users and providers in term of 'Availability as a Service' (abbreviated as 'AaaS'). The aim of 'AaaS' is to provide comprehensive and aimspecific runtime avaliabilty analysis services for cloud users by integrating plent of data-driven and modeldriven approaches. To illustrate this concept, we realize a prototype named 'EagleEye' with all features of 'AaaS'. By subscribing corresponding services in 'EagleEye', cloud users could get specific availability information of their applications deployed in cloud platform. We envision this new kind of service will be merged into the cloud management mechanism in the near future.
Association of Periodontal Health with Orthodontic Appliances among Indian Patients

BACKGROUND To assess the association of periodontal status of the patients with and without orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 520 patients (220 undergoing orthodontic procedure and 300 non-orthodontic patients). Periodontal health status was assessed using community periodontal index and loss of attachment. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and level of significance used was 5% level. RESULT Overall mean number of segments for bleeding component (Score 1) was 0.86 ± 0.708, that of calculus (Score 2) 0.30 ± 0.460, for shallow pockets (4-5 mm) (Score 3) 0.33 ± 0.744 and for deep pockets (6 mm or more) (Score 4) 0.38 ± 0.476. Patients with orthodontic appliances had poor periodontal status than the non-orthodontic patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment have increased the level of periodontal status as it leads to more retention of food debris. Hence, these patients should be motivated to maintain good oral hygiene.
Pulse volume recordings to identify falsely elevated ankle brachial index

Background Ankle brachial index can be falsely elevated in cases of medial arterial calcification, and its clinical use should be limited, especially in patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential role of pulse volume recording in detecting falsely elevated ankle brachial index. Methods Two parameters of the pulse waveform were automatically calculated: upstroke time and percentage mean artery pressure. Pulse volume recordings were retrospectively evaluated in 171 consecutive patients (342 limbs); 73 (43%) had a diagnosis of diabetes. Results On multivariate analysis, diabetes (hazard ratio = 1.7), ankle brachial index ≤ 0.90 (hazard ratio = 4.4), upstroke time ≥ 180 ms (hazard ratio = 2.1), and percentage mean artery pressure ≥ 45% (hazard ratio = 2.8) were significantly related to toe brachial index < 0.60. Further analysis for falsely elevated ankle brachial index was performed in 196 limbs (146 patients) with ankle brachial index > 0.90. The difference between ankle brachial index and toe brachial index differentiated the limbs of diabetic patients, with percentage mean artery pressure ≥ 45%, from controls (0.45 ± 0.17 vs. 0.35 ± 0.16, p = 0.03); upstroke time was not found to be a discriminating factor. Conclusions Although measurement of ankle brachial index remains the gold standard for diagnosing peripheral arterial disease, percentage mean artery pressure, automatically obtained in ankle brachial index measurement, may be useful to detect falsely elevated ankle brachial index, especially in patients with diabetes.
Miniature 60 GHz transmitter/receiver modules on AlN multi-layer high temperature co-fired ceramic

Very compact 60 GHz transmitter/receiver modules for W-LANs have been successfully implemented by using AlN multi-layer HTCC and MMIC technologies. The two modules that have leadless DC/IF interfaces are highly integrated in the extremely small size of 1.0 cc (21/spl times/16/spl times/3.05 mm/sup 3/). The presented modules are operated at the highest frequency of aluminum nitride multi-layer HTCC MCMs, to the best of our knowledge.
High hyperdiploid childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

High hyperdiploidy (51–67 chromosomes) is the most common cytogenetic abnormality pattern in childhood B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), occurring in 25–30% of such cases. High hyperdiploid ALL is characterized cytogenetically by a nonrandom gain of chromosomes X, 4, 6, 10, 14, 17, 18, and 21 and clinically by a favorable prognosis. Despite the high frequency of this karyotypic subgroup, many questions remain regarding the epidemiology, etiology, presence of other genetic changes, the time and cell of origin, and the formation and pathogenetic consequences of high hyperdiploidy. However, during the last few years, several studies have addressed some of these important issues, and these, as well as previous reports on high hyperdiploid childhood ALL, are reviewed herein. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PDK 4 in adipocyte glyceroneogenesis Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 : regulation by thiazolidinediones and implication in glyceroneogenesis in adipose tissue

This is an uncopyedited electronic version of an article accepted for publication in Diabetes. The American Diabetes Association, publisher of Diabetes, is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it by third parties. The definitive publisher-authenticated version will be available in a future issue of Diabetes in print and online at http://diabetes.diabetesjournals. org.
Understanding project dissemination on a social coding site

Popular social coding sites like GitHub and BitBucket are changing software development. Users follow some interesting developers, listen to their activities and find new projects. Social relationships between users are utilized to disseminate projects, attract contributors and increase the popularity. A deep understanding of project dissemination on social coding sites can provide important insights into questions of project diffusion characteristics and into the improvement of the popularity. In this paper, we seek a deeper understanding of project dissemination in GitHub. We collect 2,665 projects and 272,874 events. Moreover, we crawl 747,107 developers and 2,234,845 social links to construct social graphs. We analyze topological characteristics and reciprocity of social graphs. We then study the speed and the range of project dissemination, and the role of social links. Our main observations are: (1) Social relationships are not reciprocal. (2) The popularity increases gradually for a long time. (3) Projects spread to users far away from their creators. (4) Social links play a notable role of project dissemination. These results can be leveraged to increase the popularity. Specifically, we suggest that project owners should (1) encourage experienced developers to choose some promising new developers, follow them in return and provide guidance. (2) promote projects for a long time. (3) advertise projects to a wide range of developers. (4) fully utilize social relationships to advertise projects and attract contributors.
Unique Iron Coordination in Iron-chelating Molecule Vibriobactin Helps Vibrio cholerae Evade Mammalian Siderocalin-mediated Immune Response*

Background: Vibrio cholerae uses vibriobactin to sequester iron. The structure of ferric vibriobactin is controversial. Results: The three catechol moieties donate five, rather than six, oxygen atoms as iron ligands. Conclusion: Ferric vibriobactin can evade the human immune protein siderocalin in vitro because of the special iron coordination. Significance: The unique iron coordination could be used by pathogenic bacteria to evade the mammalian innate immune system of siderocalin. Iron is essential for the survival of almost all bacteria. Vibrio cholerae acquires iron through the secretion of a catecholate siderophore called vibriobactin. At present, how vibriobactin chelates ferric ion remains controversial. In addition, the mechanisms underlying the recognition of ferric vibriobactin by the siderophore transport system and its delivery into the cytoplasm specifically have not been clarified. In this study, we report the high-resolution structures of the ferric vibriobactin periplasmic binding protein ViuP and its complex with ferric vibriobactin. The holo-ViuP structure reveals that ferric vibriobactin does not adopt the same iron coordination as that of other catecholate siderophores such as enterobactin. The three catechol moieties donate five, rather than six, oxygen atoms as iron ligands. The sixth iron ligand is provided by a nitrogen atom from the second oxazoline ring. This kind of iron coordination results in the protrusion of the second catechol moiety and renders the electrostatic surface potential of ferric vibriobactin less negatively polarized compared with ferric enterobactin. To accommodate ferric vibriobactin, ViuP has a deeper subpocket to hold the protrusion of the second catechol group. This structural characteristic has not been observed in other catecholate siderophore-binding proteins. Biochemical data show that siderocalin, which is part of the mammalian innate immune system, cannot efficiently sequester ferric vibriobactin in vitro, although it can capture many catecholate siderophores with high efficiency. Our findings suggest that the unique iron coordination found in ferric vibriobactin may be utilized by some pathogenic bacteria to evade the siderocalin-mediated innate immune response of mammals.
Census and Analysis of Persistent False-Negative Results in Serological Diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Group O Infections

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) have a high level of genetic diversity. The outlier variants of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) group O are distantly related to HIV-1 group M. Their divergence has an impact on serological diagnosis, with a risk of false-negative results. In this study, we report 20 failure cases, involving patients with primary or chronic infection, in France and Cameroon between 2001 and 2008. Our results indicate that some assays detected group O infection much less efficiently than others. Two major reasons for these false-negative results were identified: the presence or absence of a group O-specific antigen (and the designed sequence) for the detection of antibodies and the greater envelope variability of group O than of group M strains. This study highlights the complexity of screening for these divergent variants and the need to evaluate test performance with a large panel of strains, due to the extensive diversity of group O variants.
Design and Calibration for a Smart Inertial Measurement Unit for Autonomous Helicopters Using MEMS Sensors

In this paper, we present the design of 3D inertial measurement unit(IMU), which consists of 3D accelerometers, 3D gyroscopes and 3D magnetic sensors for automatic control of aerial robots. It has characteristics with very small size, low power consumption, high distinguishing ability and inexpensive. The novel automatic initial calibration of 3D accelerometers and 3D magnetic sensor, based on Newton's method, is implemented. The experiments show the hardware design is in effect and the calibration can reduces the offset error, scaling error and non-orthogonal error efficiently
A simplicial complex model of dynamic epistemic logic for fault-tolerant distributed computing

The usual epistemic S5 model for multi-agent systems is a Kripke graph, whose edges are labeled with the agents that do not distinguish between two states. We propose to uncover the higher dimensional information implicit in the Kripke graph, by using as a model its dual, a chromatic simplicial complex. For each state of the Kripke model there is a facet in the complex, with one vertex per agent. If an edge (u,v) is labeled with a set of agents S, the facets corresponding to u and v intersect in a simplex consisting of one vertex for each agent of S. Then we use dynamic epistemic logic to study how the simplicial complex epistemic model changes after the agents communicate with each other. We show that there are topological invariants preserved from the initial epistemic complex to the epistemic complex after an action model is applied, that depend on how reliable the communication is. In turn these topological properties determine the knowledge that the agents may gain after the communication happens.
Performance analysis of cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm for cognitive radio networks

Spectrum sensing is one of the critical tasks of the cognitive radio networks. In order to solve the hidden terminal problem, cooperative spectrum sensing has been studied to improve the spectrum sensing performance. In this paper, we study the performance of cooperative spectrum sensing in both AWGN channels and Rayleigh fading channels. In particular, the paper reports results obtained through the use of energy detector and compares the sensing performance under a variety of conditions.
Time-recursive multi-pitch estimation using group sparse recursive least squares

In this work, we propose a time-recursive multi-pitch estimation algorithm, using a sparse reconstruction framework, assuming only a few pitches from a large set of candidates to be active at each time instant. The proposed algorithm utilizes a sparse recursive least squares formulation augmented by an adaptive penalty term specifically designed to enforce a pitch structure on the solution. When evaluated on a set of ten music pieces, the proposed method is shown to outperform state-of-the-art multi-pitch estimators in either accuracy or computational speed.
Combined vitreous and cataract surgeries in highly hyperopic eye

We report a case of a patient with a highly hyperopic eye who underwent cataract surgery combined with vitreous surgery to create a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) to prevent choroidal neovascularization (CNV). A 78-year-old man noticed a decrease in his vision due to a cataract in his right eye. The patient had a severe visual loss in his left eye because of a CNV 2 years after a cataract surgery. His visual acuities were 20/30 OD and 20/600 OS, and funduscopic examination showed an orange-colored lesion OD and degenerative subretinal fibrosis OS. The posterior vitreous was attached to the retina in both eyes. The axial length was 18.9 mm OD and 19.0 mm OS. Cataract surgery combined with vitreous surgery to create PVD was performed on the right eye, and the vision improved to 20/20 with no signs of developing CNV after 5 years. We conclude that cataract surgery combined with vitreous surgery to create a PVD may prevent the development of CNV in highly hyperopic eyes.
A mutation in the surfactant protein C gene associated with familial interstitial lung disease.

Interstitial lung diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders that are poorly understood at a molecular level.1,2 The cause is often unknown, and the histologic diagnoses used in adults may represent different disease processes in children.3–5 For example, cases of desquamative interstitial pneumonitis reported in infants are often more severe and refractory to treatment than those reported in adults.6,7 Many of these cases probably represent chronic pneumonitis of infancy.8,9 The lungs in patients with chronic pneumonitis of infancy are characterized by interstitial thickening with mesenchymal cells, rather than by an inflammatory infiltrate, and an alveolar infiltrate .