Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnetic feedback control of 2/1 locked modes in tokamaks

Magnetic feedback control of 2/1 locked modes in tokamaks Wilkie Choi This thesis presents simulation and experimental work on feedback control of the phase of non-rotating magnetic islands (locked modes) in the DIII-D tokamak, as well as its application to synchronized modulated current drive, for stability studies and control of the locked mode amplitude. A numerical model has been developed to predict mode dynamics under the effect of various electromagnetic torques, due to the interaction with induced currents in the wall, error fields, and applied resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs). This model was adapted to predict entrainment capabilities on ITER, suggesting that small (5 cm) islands can be entrained in the sub-10 Hz frequency range. Simulations and subsequent experiments on DIII-D demonstrated a novel technique to prevent locked modes. Preemptive entrainment applies a rotating RMP before a neoclassical tearing mode fully decelerates such that it will be entrained by the RMP and mode rotation can be sustained. A feedback control algorithm was designed and implemented on DIII-D to offer the ability to prescribe any toroidal phase to the mode and to allow for smoother entrainment. Experimental results confirmed simulation predictions of successful entrainment, and demonstrated one possible application to electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD). Feedback-controlled mode rotation and pre-programmed ECCD modulation were synchronized at DIII-D. This allowed a fine control of the ECCD deposition relative to the island O-point. Experiments exhibited a modulation of the saturated island width, in agreement with time-dependent modeling of the modified Rutherford equation. This work contributes to control and suppression of locked modes in future devices, including ITER.
Anthropometric Measurement Training for Youth Cadres in Integrated Posted Cooperation (Posbindu) with Five Table System

Karangmojo Hamlet is one of the areas with the largest number of adolescents, so it has the potential to form a health behavior change agent. The existence of the Covid-19 pandemic has stopped monitoring the nutritional status of adolescents through health facilities, so it is necessary to carry out activities to improve public health status through the use of posbindu. However, on the other hand the youth cadres in Karangmojo have not been able to properly and correctly measure nutritional status. The purpose this community service activity is to increase the knowledge and skills of youth cadre regarding anthropometric measurement of nutritional status. The target of the community service is cadre Parikesit Damarwulan posbindu Karangmojo Hamlet. A series of community service activities be carried out in 2021 which began with focused discussions to identify problems faced by posbindu cadre. The design of activities with the design of one group pretest-posttest and mix method through three methods: education, simulation, and mentoring. Training provided on how to measure and categorize nutritional status based on anthropometry. After the training activities continued with assistance to cadre during posbindu activities. Assessment of changes in knowledge using a questionnaire and assessment of changes in cadre skills is carried out from the results of observations using a structured checklist. The training activities were able to increase the knowledge (p=0.024) and skills of youth cadre on measuring nutritional status at the Parikesit Damarwulan Posbindu.
Molecular Analysis of 16s-rRNA and Associated Gene Segments for Identification of Probiotic Phenotypes

© The Author 2023. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) that allows others to share and adapt the material for any purpose (even commercially), in any medium with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. 62 Molecular analysis of 16s-rRNA and associated gene segments for identification of probiotic phenotypes
Optimum Selection of Modes Set for Adaptive Modulation and Coding based on Imperfect Channel State Information

Complexity issues and limited feedback rate strictly constrain the number of transmission modes in discrete link adaptation. A new algorithm is designed for selecting an optimum set of modes out of all the possible transmission modes based on the link’s characteristics and the constraints, meanwhile, imperfect channel state information (CSI) is available. The design goal is to maximize the average spectral efficiency and the selection is done using a combination of nonlinear quantization and integer programming. As numerical evaluations for adaptive LDPC or convolutional coded, QAM modulated transmission show, performance of the proposed scheme is considerably improved in comparison with the benchmark schemes.
Ground displacement assessment on Pico Volcano, Azores, by multitemporal InSAR data

Abstract. Interpreting the signal deriving from interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) analyses in volcanic islands, characterized by strong regional deformations and recurrent seismicity, is a complex and challenging issue. In these zones, the secondary effects connected to the SAR acquisition system cannot be neglected, and it is important to consider that delay phenomena of the electromagnetic waves, due to the propagation in the tropospheric layer and loss of SAR coherence because of dense vegetation, could affect the interferometric phase. This work focuses on Pico, the second largest and the youngest island of the Azores Archipelago (North Atlantic Ocean). This island consists of a central volcano and a fissure zone. These systems are inactive but recurrent microseismicity occurs in a rock volume hosting a partially crystallized magma storage system, which fed the recent activity of the central volcano. In the same area affected by microseismicity, the main volcanic edifice shows flank instability. All these elements support the hypothesis of possible reactivation of the shallow magmatic system. Aiming to check potential active ground displacements and to define their source, we collected two datasets of C-band Sentinel-1 SAR data, both in descending and ascending acquisition geometry, from January, 2017, to December, 2020. The application of the small baseline subset method of differential InSAR allowed drawing the mean ground velocity maps over the island and the displacement time series, useful to understand the deformation evolution. InSAR data only evidence areas affected by small-scale subsidence at the cinder cones of the fissure zone and along the southeastern slope of Pico volcano, where local debris flows activate during rainy periods.
Spectral breast CT : effect of adaptive filtration on CT numbers, CT noise, and CT dose

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I thank my advisor Dr. Polad Shikhaliev for providing guidance throughout my entire research experience. Thank you very much for remaining patient during headache inducing moments; it really meant a lot. Next, I thank my wife Candace for all she has done for me during my time in graduate school. Appreciation is also extended to the members of my committee: Dr. Newhauser, Dr. Matthews, and Dr. Deibel. Their input and helpful comments during the preparation of this thesis were of great help. Lastly, I express my appreciation to my family and friends for being there for me during this work. ABSTRACT Purpose: Adaptive filtration facilitates spectral breast CT by decreasing count rate and dynamic range requirements to photon counting detectors. This project investigated the effect of adaptive filtration on beam hardening, CT numbers, noise, and dose in dedicated breast CT. Methods: Adaptive filters were simulated to provide a flat fluence at the detector surface when used with a 14 cm breast phantom at 120 kVp. Beam hardening with each filter type was measured against increasing x-ray beam half-fan angle. Breast CT images were simulated with and without an adaptive filter in the beam at multiple tube voltages. CT number, noise, and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) were measured for contrast elements inside the phantom. Finally, dose measurements were performed with and without an adaptive filter to determine its effect on breast dose. Results: Acrylic filters, while larger in size, provided a more uniform spectral distribution across the detector field of view compared to other filters tested. Without the adaptive filter in the beam, CT numbers, noise and CNR of the contrast elements were non-uniform across the CT images, and became uniform when the adaptive filter was used. When combining an adaptive filter and scaled x-ray exposure, the CNR increased and became comparable to or higher than the CNR without using an adaptive filter. Measurements showed breast dose distributions were more spatially uniform with an adaptive filter than without. Furthermore, the dose distribution across the phantom with the adaptive filter was more uniform at lower tube voltages than at higher tube voltages. Conclusion: We concluded that the filter material should be similar to breast tissue with respect to the effective atomic numbers and density. Acrylic adaptive filters provided the flattest v intensity with minimal beam hardening for the 14 cm breast phantom. Finally, breast dose uniformity with …
A new high order hybrid WENO scheme for hyperbolic conservation laws

This article proposes an improved hybrid weighted essentially non‐oscillatory (WENO) scheme based on the third‐ and fifth‐order finite‐difference modified WENO (MWENO) schemes developed by Zhu et al. in (SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 39 (2017), A1089–A1113. ) for solving hyperbolic conservation laws. The MWENO schemes give a guideline on whether to use the WENO scheme or the linear upwind scheme. Unfortunately, because there is no explicit formula for computing the roots of algebraic polynomials of order four or higher, it is difficult to generalize this criterion to higher order cases. Therefore, this article proposes a simple criterion for constructing a series of seventh‐, ninth‐, and higher‐order hybrid WENO schemes, and then designs a class of improved smooth indicator WENO (WENO‐MS) schemes. Compared with the classical WENO schemes, the main advantages of the WENO‐MS schemes are their robustness and efficiency. And these WENO‐MS schemes are more efficient, have better resolution, and can solve many extreme problems without any additional techniques. Furthermore, a simplification criterion is proposed to further improve the computational efficiency of the WENO‐MS schemes, and these simple WENO‐MS schemes are abbreviated as WENO‐SMS schemes in this article. Extensive numerical results demonstrate the good performance of the WENO‐MS schemes and the WENO‐SMS schemes.
The genome sequence of the Olive Pearl, Udea olivalis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Udea olivalis (the Olive Pearl; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Crambidae). The genome sequence is 624.4 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.3 kilobases in length.
Students Anxiety during the times of Covid-19

This study aims at investigating the existence of mental health issues related to the recent Covid-19 pandemic, specifically anxiety issues among university students. We used an online questionnaire to investigate this phenomenon among students of Batna and Oum el Bouaghi universities. The significance of the study is shedding light on anxiety and finding potential solutions for it. We found that students suffer from anxiety mainly due to these factors: students’ uncertainty about their future study and career, social distancing, the economic state, and the fear of catching corona virus. Furthermore, we reached promising solutions that both the government and individuals can apply. We concluded that there is a need to raise awareness about the importance of mental health in Algeria, especially during and after the pandemic times.
Output regulation of anti-stable coupled wave equations via the backstepping technique

This study is concerned with the output regulation of an anti-stable system of coupled wave equations with external disturbances. A state-feedback regulator is designed to force the output of the coupled wave equations to track the reference signal, which is generated by an exosystem. Moreover, the tracking error decays exponentially at a prescribed rate. The design is based on backstepping approach and relies on solving the regulator equations. The solvability condition of the regulator equations is characterised by the transfer matrix of the coupled wave equations and eigenvalues of the exosystem. An output-feedback regulator is then constructed by developing an observer. Finally, the numerical simulations are demonstrated for the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
‘Holding onto trauma?’ The prevalence and predictors of PTSD, anxiety and depression in police officers working with child abuse, rape and sexual exploitation victims

Research into post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other common mental disorders (CMDs) in police officers is limited, with the majority of research predominately conducted outside the UK, and no study quantitatively examining the role of social support in relation to the mental health of UK police officers working with victims of trauma. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the prevalence and predictors of PTSD and CMD in UK police officers who investigate rape, sexual exploitation and child abuse, along with the potential protective role of social support. Participants were police officers ( n = 353) within one police area, who completed self-report measures of PTSD, anxiety, depression and social support. Results showed that 23% of officers had potentially clinical levels of PTSD, 26% had moderate to severe levels of anxiety and 35% had moderate to severe levels of depression. Female officers, those of constable rank, those working with victims of child abuse, and those with lowest levels of social support had poorer mental health. There was tentative evidence that social support statistically moderated the relationship between tenure and depression. These findings suggest the need for bespoke help for the sub-group of officers experiencing mental health problems and for further research into the potential protective role of social support.
Backstepping‐based output regulation for systems with infinite‐dimensional actuator and sensor dynamics

The output regulation problem is solved for an ODE plant driven by a parabolic actuator with spatially varying coefficients. Applying the backstepping transformation to the actuator allows the solution of the regulator equations in closed‐form and thus the formulation of the solvability condition. An output feedback regulator is obtained by designing a disturbance observer using delayed measurement and a reference observer that both achieve finite‐time convergence. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Toward controlling the carrier density of Si doped Ga2O3 films by pulsed laser deposition

Precise control of dopant composition is critical for the production of semiconductor films with desired properties. Here, we present results on the electrical properties for Si doped Ga2O3 films grown by pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD). The Si composition in the films can be controlled by changing the target composition as observed from the secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurement. The carrier density of the films is varied from the order of 1015 to 1020 cm−3 while the conductivity from 10−4 to 1 S cm−1 as measured by Hall equipment. The carrier density of the films has been verified by Kelvin force microscopy, which shows an increased surface work function with the increase of carrier density. The results suggest that the carrier density of β-Ga2O3 films is controllable by Si doping by PLD, paving a way to develop the Ga2O3 film-based electronic devices.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Assisted Beam Tracking and Data Transmission for 5G V2X Networks

Beam tracking is a core issue in 5G vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. Specifically, higher beamforming gain is required to compensate for the path loss at higher frequencies, e.g., 5G FR2, to realize high data rate vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. However, shorter time slots at higher frequencies, high velocity of vehicles, and unpredictable localization errors make this problem more challenging. Under these circumstances, wider beams can lead to higher beam tracking accuracy. Bear in mind that wider beams mean lower beamforming gain, which cannot compensate for high path loss at high frequencies and would further influence the data rate of V2I communications. Thus, there exists a trade-off between tracking accuracy and data rate in V2I communications. Furthermore, this problem needs to be solved within an extremely short time slot according to the high transmission frequency. To solve this problem, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL) assisted, high-resolution codebook-based beam tracking method. By comparing several different RL frameworks, we found that the twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) framework can help the roadside infrastructure (RSI) determine a proper beam pattern within a short duration. Moreover, according to the Hurst exponent analysis, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are selected to improve the performance of the RL framework. The simulation results show that the proposed method performs well in tracking accuracy, data rate, and temporal efficiency.
Recurrent Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis After Kidney Transplantation: Risk Factors and Impact on Graft Survival

Background Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is an uncommon cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Recurrence rates after transplantation range from 11.8% to 18.9% after 5 and 15 years, respectively. This study aimed to assess the risk factors of MPGN recurrence after kidney transplantation and its impact on graft survival. Material/Methods This was a single-center retrospective cohort, including renal transplant recipients older than 18 years, with a diagnosis of MPGN in native kidneys. Data were obtained from medical records during the first 5-year post-transplant follow-up. Primary endpoints were graft function and survival. Secondary endpoints were MPGN recurrence risk factors and these cases’ clinical, laboratory, and histological features. Results Twenty-eight patients were included; the majority male (60.7%), with a mean age of 24.0±9.4 years. At MPGN native diagnosis, all patients presented proteinuria, with C3 consumption in 42.9%. Histological analysis showed 13 (42.9%) MPGN type I and 5 (17.9%) type II, with no cases of type III. MPGN recurrence occurred in 7 (25.0%) patients; 85.7% were male, 57.1% were recipients from a living donor, all presenting nephrotic syndrome and hematuria, with C3 consumption in 71.4%. The graft function was similar between the groups. Two (28.6%) patients progressed to graft failure in the recurrence group, and 1 died with a functioning graft. Conclusions The MPGN recurrence rate was 25%, most of them recipients of kidneys from living donors. Nephrotic syndrome and C3 consumption were frequent at recurrence. The graft function was similar between the groups, and the 5-year graft survival rate in the recurrence group was higher than in other studies.
Advanced satellite radar interferometry for small-scale surface deformation detection

Synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) is a technique that enables generation of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and detection of surface motion at the centimetre level using radar signals transmitted from a satellite or an aeroplane. Deformation observations can be performed due to the fact that surface motion, caused by natural and human activities, generates a local phase shift in the resultant interferogram. The magnitude of surface deformation can be estimated directly as a fraction of the wavelength of the transmitted signal. Moreover, differential InSAR (DInSAR) eliminates the phase signal caused by relief to yield a differential interferogram in which the signature of surface deformation can be seen. Although InSAR applications are well established, the improvement of the interferometry technique and the quality of its products is highly desirable to further enhance its capabilities. The application of InSAR encounters problems due to noise in the interferometric phase measurement, caused by a number of decorrelation factors. In addition, the interferogram contains biases owing to satellite orbit errors and atmospheric heterogeneity. These factors dramatically reduce the effectiveness of radar interferometry in many applications, and, in particular, compromise detection and analysis of small-scale spatial deformations. The research presented in this thesis aim to apply radar interferometry processing to detect small-scale surface deformations, improve the quality of the interferometry products, determine the minimum and maximum detectable deformation gradient and enhance the analysis of the interferometric phase image. The quality of DEM and displacement maps can be improved by various methods at different processing levels. One of the methods is filtering of the interferometric phase. However, while filtering reduces noise in the interferogram, it does not necessarily enhance or recover the signal. Furthermore, the impact of the filter can significantly change the structure of the interferogram. A new adaptive radar interferogram filter has been developed and is presented herein. The filter is based on a modification to the Goldstein radar interferogram filter making the filter parameter dependent on coherence so that incoherent areas are filtered more than
Measurements and metrics of fixed pattern noise: a new procedure for thermal camera noise measurement

In an ideal world, each camera pixel would exhibit the same behavior and response when stimulated with an incoming signal. In the real world however, variations between pixel’s response (gain) and dark-current/extraneous-signal/etc. (offset) require a non-uniformity correction (NUC). The residual pixel to pixel variation following a NUC is the fixed pattern noise of the camera. For thermal cameras, the ability to NUC is critical, as the pixel’s gain and offset typically change with temperature. Moreover, the offset typically drifts in time, even when the camera is at equilibrium. These additional dependencies of time and temperature make the “fixed” pattern noise not fixed, and make measurement agreement between laboratories much more difficult. In this work, we describe a modification of the standard thermal camera noise measurement procedure and analysis (at some specified equilibrium temperature) that removes the time dependencies of fixed pattern noise measurement. Additionally, we describe a temporal measurement to characterize the time dependent nature of “fixed” pattern noise. We show that this behavior is stationary, and independent on the direction of time since the NUC was defined. The temporal behavior is well described by a combination of power-law and liner time dependence. With this, new metric s can be considered to evaluation how frequent to conduct a NUC dependent on operational requirements.