Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Survey of Context Information Fusion for Sensor Networks based Ubiquitous Systems

Sensor Networks produce a large amount of data. According to the needs this data requires to be processed, delivered and accessed. This processed data when made available with the physical device location, user preferences, time constraints; generically called as context-awareness; is widely referred to as the core function for ubiquitous systems. To our best knowledge there is lack of analysis of context information fusion for ubiquitous sensor networks. Adopting appropriate information fusion techniques can help in screening noisy measurements, control data in the network and take necessary inferences that can help in contextual computing. In this paper we try and explore different context information fusion techniques by comparing a large number of solutions, their methods, architectures and models.
Ordered Ports - A Language Concept for High-Level Distributed Programming

A new language concept for high-level distributed programming is proposed. Programs are organised as a collection of concurrently executing processes. Some of these processes, referred to as liaison processes, have a monitor-like structure and contain ports which may be invoked by other processes for the purposes of synchronisation and communication. Synchronisation is achieved by conditional activation of ports and also through port control constructs which may directly specify the execution ordering of ports. These constructs implement a path-expression-like mechanism for synchronisation and are also equipped with options to provide conditional, non-deterministic and priority ordering of ports. The usefulness and expressive power of the proposed concepts are illustrated through solutions of several representative programming problems. Some implementation issues are also considered.
Effects of β-like cell autotransplantation through hepatic arterial intervention on diabetic dogs

Exogenous insulin and EGFP genes were transduced into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of beagle dogs using the retroviral vector pMSCV to prepare β-like cells. These cells were autotransplanted into the liver of diabetic dogs through hepatic arterial intervention, and physiological indices before and after transplantation were monitored. Autotransplantation of β-like cells significantly improved blood sugar, insulin levels, and body mass of diabetic dogs (P < 0.01) continuously for over 80 weeks. Since the liver function remained normal and no tumors formed, this method was determined to be reliable and safe. Intrahepatic autotransplantation of β-like cells had long-term, reliable, and safe therapeutic effects on diabetic dogs.
Cloning of cDNA for DARPP-32, a dopamine- and cyclic AMP-regulated neuronal phosphoprotein

A cDNA clone for the mRNA of bovine DARPP-32 (dopamine- and adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr = 32,000) was isolated from a modified Okayama-Berg plasmid library. Transformed Escherichia coli colonies were screened by in situ colony hybridization with 2 different oligonucleotide probes corresponding to a region unusually rich in glutamate within the protein. Three positive clones were isolated and shown to encode DARPP-32 by an in situ immunoblot assay of their fusion protein products with beta-galactosidase. The results of the sequence analysis of the longest cDNA clone, pTKD7 (1771 nucleotides), revealed a 606-nucleotide-long coding region, in exact agreement with the bovine DARPP-32 amino acid sequence (Williams et al., 1986). Southern blot analysis of total bovine genomic DNA showed that there is a single gene coding for DARPP-32. Northern blot analysis of caudate nucleus RNA using antisense RNA derived from the clone pTKD7 demonstrated the existence of 2 abundant mRNA species, corresponding to 1.8 and 1.65 kilobase in length. The high concentration of DARPP-32 mRNAs in the caudate nucleus is in agreement with the known distribution of this protein.
A Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning Scheme Using Threshold Multi-Key Homomorphic Encryption

As an emerging technology of artificial intelligence, Federated learning (FL) enables distributed data users to collectively train a global model while ensuring that the data remains local. FL has brought a new method to data-sensitive applications that require data fusion to a large extent. However, The problem of data leakage and privacy threats still exists. Multi-key homomorphic encryption (MKHE) can effectively facilitate the secure utilization of confidential data from multiple participants. In MKHE, the property of threshold allows for partial users to drop out during decryption, called failure-robust. Previous privacy-preserving federated learning (PPFL) based on MKHE schemes have seldom considered the failure-robust problem. To address this issue, we propose a threshold MK-CKKS (tMK-CKKS) scheme to design a PPFL scheme. In our scheme, a public key is generated by a joint secret key. The joint secret key is divided into secret shares using {0,1}-LSSS, and these secret shares serve as individual secret keys for each user. The model updates are encrypted with the public key before being uploaded to the cloud server for aggregation. For decryption, a subset of participants involved in the process only needs to satisfy the access structure to complete it. Our scheme can prevent privacy leakage from shared information of users and achieves threshold decryption while ensuring robustness against honest-but-curious users and collusion attacks between users and the cloud server.
Line Graphs and Circulants

The line graph of G, denoted L(G), is the graph with vertex set E(G), where vertices x and y are adjacent in L(G) iff edges x and y share a common vertex in G. In this paper, we determine all graphs G for which L(G) is a circulant graph. We will prove that if L(G) is a circulant, then G must be one of three graphs: the complete graph K4, the cycle Cn, or the complete bipartite graph Ka,b, for some a and b with gcd(a, b) = 1.
Glowworm swarm optimisation: a new method for optimising multi-modal functions

This paper presents an exposition of a new method of swarm intelligence based algorithm for optimising multi-modal functions. The main objective of using this method is to ensure capture of all local maxima of the function. The application of this method is in the area of multiple signal source location or identification of odour sources and hazardous spills. The method is based upon a dynamic decision domain for each agent in the swarm that decides its direction of movement by the strength of the signal picked up from its neighbours. This is somewhat similar to the luciferin induced glow of a glowworm which is used to attract mates or prey. The brighter the glow more is the attraction. The method is memory-less and gradient free and does not require the knowledge of any global information. Moreover, the method is amenable to robotic implementation. Several illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness of the method in comparison to existing swarm intelligence algorithms.
Decision and function problems based on boson sampling

Boson sampling is a mathematical problem that is strongly believed to be intractable for classical computers, whereas passive linear interferometers can produce samples efficiently. So far, the problem remains a computational curiosity, and the possible usefulness of boson-sampling devices is mainly limited to the proof of quantum supremacy. The purpose of this work is to investigate whether boson sampling can be used as a resource of decision and function problems that are computationally hard, and may thus have cryptographic applications. After the definition of a rather general theoretical framework for the design of such problems, we discuss their solution by means of a brute-force numerical approach, as well as by means of nonboson samplers. Moreover, we estimate the sample sizes required for their solution by passive linear interferometers, and it is shown that they are independent of the size of the Hilbert space.
Bacterial Topography of the Healthy Human Lower Respiratory Tract

ABSTRACT Although culture-independent techniques have refuted lung sterility in health, controversy about contamination during bronchoscope passage through the upper respiratory tract (URT) has impeded research progress. We sought to establish whether bronchoscopic sampling accurately reflects the lung microbiome in health and to distinguish between two proposed routes of authentic microbial immigration, (i) dispersion along contiguous respiratory mucosa and (ii) subclinical microaspiration. During bronchoscopy of eight adult volunteers without lung disease, we performed seven protected specimen brushings (PSB) and bilateral bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) per subject. We amplified, sequenced, and analyzed the bacterial 16S rRNA gene V4 regions by using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Rigorous attention was paid to eliminate potential sources of error or contamination, including a randomized processing order and the inclusion and analysis of exhaustive procedural and sequencing control specimens. Indices of mouth-lung immigration (mouth-lung community similarity, bacterial burden, and community richness) were all significantly greater in airway and alveolar specimens than in bronchoscope contamination control specimens, indicating minimal evidence of pharyngeal contamination. Ecological indices of mouth-lung immigration peaked at or near the carina, as predicted for a primary immigration route of microaspiration. Bacterial burden, diversity, and mouth-lung similarity were greater in BAL than PSB samples, reflecting differences in the sampled surface areas. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT02392182.) IMPORTANCE This study defines the bacterial topography of the healthy human respiratory tract and provides ecological evidence that bacteria enter the lungs in health primarily by microaspiration, with potential contribution in some subjects by direct dispersal along contiguous mucosa. By demonstrating that contamination contributes negligibly to microbial communities in bronchoscopically acquired specimens, we validate the use of bronchoscopy to investigate the lung microbiome. This study defines the bacterial topography of the healthy human respiratory tract and provides ecological evidence that bacteria enter the lungs in health primarily by microaspiration, with potential contribution in some subjects by direct dispersal along contiguous mucosa. By demonstrating that contamination contributes negligibly to microbial communities in bronchoscopically acquired specimens, we validate the use of bronchoscopy to investigate the lung microbiome.
Chromosome instability and translocation t(11;18) in primary gastric marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma of MALT‐type

The prognosis for patients with mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas is good; these tumours have usually an indolent course with overall survival rates that are greater than 80% at 5‐year, but some rare cases with histological transformation in aggressive diffuse large cell lymphoma have also been diagnosed. Here, we present cytogenetic results on endoscopic bioptic material of 42 cases of primary gastric extranodal marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma (EMZL) using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approach with API2, MALT1 and centromeric probes for chromosome 3 and 18, and their impact on the clinical outcome. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Defining the Geographical Range of the Plasmodium knowlesi Reservoir

Background The simian malaria parasite, Plasmodium knowlesi, can cause severe and fatal disease in humans yet it is rarely included in routine public health reporting systems for malaria and its geographical range is largely unknown. Because malaria caused by P. knowlesi is a truly neglected tropical disease, there are substantial obstacles to defining the geographical extent and risk of this disease. Information is required on the occurrence of human cases in different locations, on which non-human primates host this parasite and on which vectors are able to transmit it to humans. We undertook a systematic review and ranked the existing evidence, at a subnational spatial scale, to investigate the potential geographical range of the parasite reservoir capable of infecting humans. Methodology/Principal Findings After reviewing the published literature we identified potential host and vector species and ranked these based on how informative they are for the presence of an infectious parasite reservoir, based on current evidence. We collated spatial data on parasite occurrence and the ranges of the identified host and vector species. The ranked spatial data allowed us to assign an evidence score to 475 subnational areas in 19 countries and we present the results on a map of the Southeast and South Asia region. Conclusions/Significance We have ranked subnational areas within the potential disease range according to evidence for presence of a disease risk to humans, providing geographical evidence to support decisions on prevention, management and prophylaxis. This work also highlights the unknown risk status of large parts of the region. Within this unknown category, our map identifies which areas have most evidence for the potential to support an infectious reservoir and are therefore a priority for further investigation. Furthermore we identify geographical areas where further investigation of putative host and vector species would be highly informative for the region-wide assessment.
Reasoning on choreographies and capability requirements

A typical problem of research in the area of service oriented systems is the composition of a set of services for executing a complex task. In this paper, we face an instance of this problem in which a set of parties (be their peers, agents or systems) have to interact according to a given choreography. In particular, we mean to exploit the role definitions contained in the choreography for realising interaction policies that can be executed by the involved parties. In this case, it is necessary that the choreography captures not only the interactive behaviour of the system as a whole but that the role definitions contain also a set of requirements of capabilities that the parties should exhibit, where by the term 'capability' we mean the skill of doing something or of making some condition become true. Such capabilities have the two-fold aim of connecting the interactive behaviour to be shown by the role player to its internal state and of making the policy executable.
Low-noise design issues for analog front-end electronics in 130 nm and 90 nm CMOS technologies

Deep sub-micron CMOS technologies provide wellestablished solutions to the implementation of low-noise front-end electronics in various detector applications. The IC designers’ effort is presently shifting to 130 nm CMOS technologies, or even to the next technology node, to implement readout integrated circuits for silicon strip and pixel detectors, in view of future HEP applications. In this work the results of noise measurements carried out on CMOS devices in 130 nm and 90 nm commercial processes are presented. The behavior of the 1/f and white noise terms is studied as a function of the device polarity and of the gate length and width. The study is focused on low current density applications where devices are biased in weak or moderate inversion. Data obtained from the measurements provide a powerful tool to establish design criteria in nanoscale CMOS processes for detector front-ends in LHC upgrades.
Polyadenylation of Friend murine leukemia virus env‐mRNA is affected by its splicing

As splicing was previously found to be important for increasing Friend murine leukemia virus env‐mRNA stability and translation, we investigated whether splicing of env‐mRNA affected the poly(A) tail length using env expression vectors that yielded unspliced or spliced env‐mRNA. Incomplete polyadenylation was detected in a fraction of the unspliced env‐mRNA products in an env gene‐dependent manner, showing that splicing of Friend murine leukemia virus plays an important role in the efficiency of complete polyadenylation of env‐mRNA. These results suggested that the promotion of complete polyadenylation of env‐mRNA by splicing might partially explain up‐regulation of Env protein expression as a result of splicing.
Allostasis and the developing human brain: Explicit consideration of implicit models

Abstract We previously used the theory of allostasis as the foundation for a model of the current stress process. This work highlighted the core emotional systems of the brain as the central mediator of the relationship between stress and health. In this paper, we extend this theoretical approach to consider the role of developmental timing. In doing so, we note that there are strong implicit models that underlie current developmental stress research in the social and life sciences. We endeavor to illustrate these models explicitly as we review the evidence behind each one and discuss their implications. We then extend these models to reflect recent findings from research in life span human neuroscience. The result is a new set of developmental allostatic models that provide fodder for future empirical research, as well as novel perspectives on intervention.
Neutrophil Phenotypic Characteristics in Children with Congenital Asplenia and Splenectomized for Hereditary Spherocytosis

The spleen plays an important role in the granulocyte homeostasis due to such mechanisms as pooling, elimination of senescent cells and regulatory effects on granulocyte renewal in the bone marrow. The expression profile of granulocyte receptors was tested in children with congenital asplenia, and splenectomized for spherocytosis. Receptors tested included those appearing with maturation (CD16, CD11b, CD11c, TREM-1), disappearing (CD54, CD49d, CD64) and maintained during maturation (CD11a, CD45). In general, we found that the circulating granulocyte pool in the asplenic patients had phenotypical features of highly matured but not apoptotic neutrophils with a significantly elevated expression of CD16 (CD16high), tendency to a lower expression of CD45 (CD45low) and an unchanged expression of CD64 (and other markers indicating systemic inflammatory reactions). The high fluorescence intensity of CD11b,c, and TREM-1 in the congenital asplenia may indicate a potentially elevated pro-inflammatory status of granulocytes, possibly due to the low activity of vagus nerve and spleen-dependent cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.
Airway changes in obstructive sleep apnoea patients associated with a supine versus an upright position examined using cone beam computed tomography

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to describe total volume and cross-sectional area measurement changes in obstructive sleep apnoea patients associated with a supine versus an upright position. Method: A retrospective chart review of patients who underwent cone beam computed tomography in upright and supine positions was performed, and the images were analysed. Results: Five obstructive sleep apnoea patients (all male) underwent both upright and supine cone beam computed tomography imaging. Mean age was 35.0 ± 9.3 years, mean body mass index was 28.1 ± 2.7 kg/m2 and mean apnoea–hypopnoea index was 39.3 ± 23.0 per hour. The airway was smaller when patients were in a supine compared with an upright position, as reflected by decreases in the following airway measurements: total volume; posterior nasal spine, uvula tip, retrolingual and tongue base (not significant) cross-sectional areas; and site of the minimum cross-sectional area (of the overall airway). Total airway volume decreased by 32.6 per cent and cross-sectional area measurements decreased between 32.3 and 75.9 per cent when patients were in a supine position. Conclusion: In this case series, the airway of obstructive sleep apnoea patients was significantly smaller when patients were in a supine compared with an upright position.
From Normal Tilings to Voronoi Tilings of Sphere Packings in Euclidean 3-space

We raise and investigate the following problems that one can regard as very close relatives of the densest sphere packing problem. If the Euclidean 3-space is partitioned into convex cells each containing a unit ball, how should the shapes of the cells be designed to minimize the average surface area (resp., average edge curvature) of the cells? In particular, we prove that the average surface area (resp., average edge curvature) in question is always at least 24/√3 = 13.8564. This estimate is improved further for Voronoi tilings of unit ball packings.
Vortex-lattice states at strong magnetic fields.

At strong magnetic fields, Landau quantization invalidates the semiclassical approximations which underly the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory of the mixed states of type-II superconductors. We have solved the {ital microscopic} mean-field equations for the case of a two-dimensional electron system in the strong magnetic-field limit. For delta-function attractive interactions there exist {ital n}+1 pairing channels in the {ital n}th Landau level. For {ital n}{gt}0, two channels share the maximum {ital T}{sub {ital c}}, and the order parameter differs markedly from expectations based on GL theory.
Solving 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on hybrid CPU/GPU systems

This paper describes a hybrid multicore/GPU solver for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with constant coefficients, discretized by the finite difference method. By applying the prediction-projection method, the Navier-Stokes equations are transformed into a combination of Helmholtz-like and Poisson equations for which we describe efficient solvers. As an extension of our previous paper [1], this paper proposes a new implementation that takes advantage of GPU accelerators. We present numerical experiments on a current hybrid machine.
Delay-Aware LTE WLAN Aggregation for 5G Unlicensed Spectrum Usage

In 5G heterogeneous evolution, the unlicensed band has captured much attention. Specified by 3GPP Release 13, LTE WLAN aggregation (LWA) is deemed as an effective approach for spectrum integration of 5G heterogeneous networks (HetNet). However, most of previous works about LWA lie in the architecture design, and rarely investigate LWA algorithm analytically. In this paper, we formulate the network access and aggregation problem for delay- tolerant application in multiple slots, and further develop a delay-aware LTE WLAN aggregation algorithm (DLWA) based on dynamic programming, which is aimed to minimize the user payment with QoS requirement. To reduce the complexity, we prove optimal decision policy and simplify the searching space of scheme sets. Simulation results show that, comparing with the current WLAN interworking solutions, the algorithm could lower the payment and achieve high completion probability under specified transmission deadline. The framework presented can support WLAN offloading scheme as well, which enables the best use of unlicensed resource.
Finite-element modeling of piezoelectric energy harvesters using lead-based and lead-free materials for voltage generation

ABSTRACT Piezoelectric energy harvesters are capable of sensing mechanical vibrations and converting them into usable energy to empower low-power microsystems. In this work, a novel seesaw cantilever structure-based broadband piezoelectric energy harvester has been designed using both lead-based and lead-free piezoelectric material. It has been observed that along with its structure dimensions and piezo material properties, a harvester’s load also determines its performance. An optimum load would yield maximum harvester power. The optimum value of a resistor generating peak power has been described in this work. The harvester is capable of producing a peak power of around 23 mW across a 0.14 MΩ load.