Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crisis Leadership and Hurricane Katrina: The Portrayal of Authority by the Media in Natural Disasters

This study used the perspectives of Kenneth Burke to reveal how the media characterized the crisis responses of legitimate authorities during the natural disaster that affected the residents of New Orleans and its surrounding area as a result of Hurricane Katrina. A textual analysis of 52 articles drawn from the New York Times and the Times-Picayune of New Orleans from August 29 to September 3, 2005, indicate that positive and negative terms clustered around the military, the Department of Homeland Security, President Bush, the federal government, and the local government. The findings suggest that the media stepped outside their role of objective observer and assumed a privileged position to point blame toward those with legitimate authority. This positioning implicitly empowered the media to evaluate crisis responses and create a view of reality reflecting their perspective. Understanding how the media create images and depictions can affect how authorities frame their initial crisis responses.
On the Performance of Two Cells Systems with Adaptive Beamforming and Delay Feedback

In this paper, the influence of feedback channel delay on system throughput of the cooperative multi-cell system with adaptive beamforming selection is discussed. On the one hand, multi-cell cooperative processing (MCP) has the potential to boost spectral efficiency and improve fairness among users. However, the traditional centralized multi-cell cooperative scheme, where a central processing unit is assumed with the global knowledge of all the required downlink channels and user messages to jointly design BSs, incurs significant overhead and complexity, and will hinder the practical implementation of MCP. We adopt the decentralized cooperative scheme with adaptive linear pre-processing transmission. The objective of the scheduling is to maximize the total system throughput. On the other hand, transmit beamforming as a simple yet efficient technique can exploit the benefits of multiple transmit antennas provided that the instantaneous channel state information (CSI) is known at both sides of transmission link. In order to have such improvements, the CSI at both link ends must be updated timely. However, the updating process is always subject to non-ideality such as feedback delay and estimation error, which destroy the performance. The performance of proposed scheme in terms of the average throughput per cell. The multiuser diversity gain is also investigate throughput simulation. Simulation results show that The performance of a multicell cooperative transmission strategy is highly dependent on the quality of the CSI.
Organizational Structures and Contexts

The comparative study of organizational structures has both intrinsic and practical value. It not only provides a framework within which to enhance our understanding of the functions performed by organizations, but it also facilitates the contextual analysis of organizations by providing a useful way to classify governments. Since every nongovernmental organization must cope with whatever government rules the domain in which it operates, a better understanding of how politics vary in their posture toward autonomous organizations will also be helpful. Unfortunately, this is a subject on which the existing literature dealing with organizations is not very helpful. Because it tends to focus on the internal contents of
Relative sensitivity of the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale , the Hamilton Depression rating scale and the Clinical Global Impressions rating scale in antidepressant clinical trials

Although early antidepressant clinical trials simply relied on a clinician's judgment as to whether a depressed patient clinically improved or not, the Hamilton Depression (HAM-D) rating scale has become the 'gold standard' to assess the efficacy of new antidepres.4;ants. The alternative Montgomery-Asberg Depres.4;ion Rating Scale (MADRS) has not achieved general acceptance. However, its ease of use \varrants evaluation as to whether it is comparable to HA. ~-D in its sensitivity in detecting antidepressantplacebo differences in antidepressant clinical trials. A retrospective chart review was performed on the records of 208 depres.4;ed adult patients that participated in eight randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind antidepressant clinical trials at the Northwest Clinical Research Center between 1996 and 2000. We compared the effect sizes of the HAM-D, MADRS and Clinical Impressions Rating Scale (CGI-S for severity and CGI-I for improvement) for patients assigned to placebo or an established antidepressant. The effect size (measured as the mean change in rating with antidepressants minus the mean change for placebo divided by the pooled SD of change, adjusted for age, gender and initial scores) was 0.49 with MADRS, 0.53 with HAM-D, 0.55 with CGI-S and 0.59 with CGI-I. The four rating scales had similar effect sizes regardless of the type of antidepressant evaluated. These data suggest that MADRS is as sensitive an instrument as HAM-D for detecting antidepressant efficacy in clinical trials. Thus, MADRS may be a desirable tool in large-scale. pivotal antidepressant clinical trials. In! Clin Psychopharmacol17281-285 :! ;) 2002 Lippinco! Williams & Wilkins
Changes in Pressure Pain Threshold in Patients With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain

Study Design. Cross-sectional study. Objective. The purpose of this study is to compare pressure pain threshold (PPT) values between patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CLBP) and healthy individuals and correlate PPT values of the structures investigated with demographic and clinical data from patients with CLBP. Summary of Background Data. Chronic pain may decrease pain tolerance of almost the entire spinal cord segment; however, previous studies on PPT in patients with low back pain have limited their focus to evaluating only patient complaints. Methods. Forty subjects participated in the study: 20 with a clinical diagnosis of CLBP and 20 healthy individuals. Outcome measures were PPT values of myotomes, sclerotomes, and dermatomes corresponding to segments L1 to S3; demographic, clinic, and social data; visual analogue scale, and Roland and Morris Questionnaire. Results. Most analyzed structures had lower PPT values in patients with CLBP than in healthy individuals on both sides (bilaterally). PPT correlated positively with height and pain duration (P < 0.05) and negatively with body mass index in the suprainterspinous ligament between L2 and L3 and dermatomes L5 to S2 (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Our results showed that individuals with CLBP have lower PPT values than healthy individuals in almost all assessed structures. We propose a simple approach that can differentiate patients with CLBP whose hyperalgesia in the painful area may be the result of several mechanisms that should be further investigated, such as sensitization of the central nervous system. Level of Evidence: N/A
Systematic review of outcomes after distal pancreatectomy with coeliac axis resection for locally advanced pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer involving the coeliac axis is considered unresectable by most guidelines, with a median survival of 6–11 months. A subgroup of these patients can undergo distal pancreatectomy with coeliac axis resection, but consensus on the value of this procedure is lacking. The evidence for this procedure, including the impact of preoperative hepatic artery embolization and (neo)adjuvant therapy, was evaluated.
Textualization and organizing: Illustrations from a public discussion process

In his theoretical work on organizing processes, Karl Weick proposes that the activity of organizing is to be found somewhere between the interaction moment and the construction of stable meaning structures, or ‘cause maps,’ which retrospectively make sense of interaction (Weick, 1979, 1995). Since 1969, Weick has provided us with many concepts in order to show how organizing occurs, from enactment to retention through the structuring of interaction cycles and rules. Following the work of Taylor and his colleagues, this paper adopts Weick's intuition regarding the links between action and meaning in organizing; however, it argues that a better understanding of the organizing processes can be reached by grounding intersubjectivity in discourse instead of behavior. More specifically, it examines one of the two basic organizing processes to be found in communication according to the work of Taylor, that of textualization, in which interactions are interpreted and translated collectively into a meaningful tex.
Transliteration Of Proper Nouns From Arabic To English

This paper proposes a complete system for the automatic diacritization and transliteration of proper nouns from Arabic to English using a database of name pairs in Arabic and English languages. The system consists of three phases: Correction, Diacritization, and Transliteration. Correction phase corrects the Common Arabic Mistakes (initial Hamza, final Yaa, and final Taa errors) using Normalization and corrects normal concatenation errors. The most frequent transliteration is considered in case of exact match with saved normalized tokens generated from proper names database. The missing diacritics are restored using Sakhr’s Morphological Analyzer for analyzed tokens or from the best matching with patterns (for Arabic and Non-Arabic names) and consecutive characters obtained from the diacritized proper names. Transliteration rules are applied for the diacritized proper name to obtain the English equivalent (transliteration). Our results show an average accuracy of 89% on blind test sets with forced spelling mistakes (and 95% for correct input).
EFFECT OF SHORT-TERM COYOTE REMOVAL ON POPULATIONS OF COYOTE HELMINTHS

Coyote (Canis latrans) removal programs often are initiated despite the potential population regulatory mechanism of parasitism with increased coyote density. We investigated the effect of intensive, short-term coyote removal on population levels of helminths in juvenile and adult coyotes from western Texas. Coyotes were killed by aerial gunning every 3 mo for 2 yr on two 5,000 ha areas, which reduced the overall coyote density of these areas by about 50%. Two other 5,000 ha areas were used as comparison sites where a limited number of coyotes were killed each season. Densities on comparison sites remained stable throughout the study at a mean ± 1 SE of 0.14 ± 0.01 coyotes/km2. Twelve helminth species consisting of seven nematodes (Ancylostoma caninum, Physaloptera rara, Toxascaris leonina, Dirofilaria immitis, Spirocerca lupi, Oslerus osleri, and Capillaria aerophila), three cestodes (Taenia pisiformis, Taenia multiceps, and Mesocestoidessp.), one acanthocephalan (Oncicola canis), and one trematode (Alaria marcianae) were found in 252 coyotes. Of these, A. caninum, P. rara, T. multiceps, T. pisiformis, T. leonina,and S. lupiwere common species. Rank-transformed values for the mean abundances of A. caninumand T. multicepsand A. caninum, T. multiceps,and S. lupiwere reduced in juvenile and adult coyotes, respectively, from the removal sites compared to respective helminth abundances in similar age class coyotes from comparison sites. Because A. caninumhas been suggested as a population regulator of coyotes, a coyote removal program that results in a reduced density of coyotes and at the same time causes a reduced abundance of A. caninum,may in fact negate the regulatory effect that A. caninumhas on coyote populations.
When lovers become leery: The relationship between suspicion and accuracy in detecting deception

Although researchers of relational deception have recently become interested in the role that suspicion plays in the deception process, a more thorough examination of the relationship between suspicion and accuracy in detecting deception is warranted. Previous researchers have not found a significant relationship between suspicion and accuracy. In the current paper, we argue that the lack of findings in previous research can be attributed to methodological inadequacies, and that moderate levels of situationally‐aroused suspicion should substantially enhance accuracy in detecting deception. In addition, a predisposition toward being suspicious (i.e., generalized communicative suspicion, or “GCS") should moderate the relationship between aroused suspicion and accuracy. Three hypotheses were tested in a sample of 107 non‐marital romantically‐involved couples. Results suggest that both situationally‐aroused suspicion and GCS significantly influenced accuracy. Under certain conditions, aroused suspicion substa.
Demonstration of a sexual dimorphism in the distribution of serotonin‐immunoreactive fibers in the medial preoptic nucleus of the rat

The distribution of serotonergic fibers in the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN) and adjacent areas was evaluated with an indirect immunohistochemical method in the normal adult male and female albino rat. Sections through the MPN were processed for immunofluorescence with an antiserum directed toward serotonin and were counterstained with the fluorescent Nissl stain ethidium bromide. The distribution of serotonin‐immunoreactive fibers in the MPN was correlated with cytoarchitectonic features of the nucleus. On the basis of the results, we have subdivided the MPN into three parts: a medial cell‐dense part (MPNm), a lateral cell‐sparse part (MPN1), and a central very cell‐dense part (MPNc) that is embedded in the medial part. The MPNc corresponds to the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area identified by Gorski et al. (′80). A marked sexual dimorphism was found in the relative size of each part of the MPN. In the male, the volumes of the cell‐dense MPNm and MPNc appear to be notably larger, while in the female more than half of the nucleus is occupied by the cell‐sparse lateral part. The MPN as a whole appears to be slightly larger in the male. Each subdivision contains a characteristic pattern of serotonin‐immunoreactive fibers. In each sex, the MPN is surrounded by a low to medium density of serotonin‐stained fibers, while the MPN1 is filled with a dense plexus of varicose immunoreactive fibers. In contrast, the MPNm contains a low density of stained fibers, and the MPNc is virtually devoid of serotonin‐stained fibers. Since both the MPNm and the MPNc are larger in the male, a correspondingly larger region of very low serotonin‐stained fiber density is found in the male. It appears then that the MPN is a sexually dimorphic complex composed of at least three cytoarchitectonically distinct subdivisions, each of which contains a characteristic density of serotonin‐immunoreactive fibers.
Understanding design as a social creative process

The Human-Computer Interaction community has long been concerned with design. Terms such as 'creativity' and 'innovation' are frequently used when referring to the design process and in this paper we examine what creativity is with respect to design. Design is often a collaborative and, therefore, a social activity. We review the evolution of definitions of creativity, leading to our proposal of a unified definition, we present a theoretical account of why social creativity should in principle be more productive than individual creativity. We explain findings to the contrary in terms of three social influences on creativity and suggest that research in supporting design should focus on mitigating the effects of these social influences on the creativity of design teams.
Altered behavior of adult obese rats by monosodium l-glutamate neonatal treatment is related to hypercorticosteronemia and activation of hypothalamic ERK1 and ERK2

Objectives: Obesity is a metabolic and hormonal disorder with serious social and psychological impacts. There is a close relationship among obesity, neuroendocrine homeostasis and behavioral patterns. However, few data are available in the literature regarding this subject. This study assessed behavior and memory of adult obese rats by monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) neonatal treatment or highly palatable dietary treatment. Methods: MSG obesity was induced by subcutaneous injections of MSG (4 mg/g) during the first 5 days of life (Ob-MSG); control group (C-MSG), received saline solution equimolar. Both groups were fed with commercial chow. To induce dietary obesity, 21-day-old rats were assigned to two experimental diets: highly palatable diet (Ob-Diet) and control diet (C-Diet) composed of commercial chow. Ninety-day-old animals were submitted to behavioral assessment by the open-field test and short- and long-term memory by the object recognition test. Biometric variables were obtained, the Lee index was calculated and mass of retroperitoneal and perigonadal fat pads was measured. Furthermore, an altered behavioral profile was investigated by quantification of plasmatic corticosterone, expression, and activity of hypothalamic extracellular signal-regulated kinase protein (ERK) 1 and 2. Results: Increased Lee index and fat pads were observed in Ob-MSG and Ob-Diet groups. Ob-MSG presented a higher level of anxiety and impaired long-term memory compared to C-MSG, while there was no difference between Ob-Diet and C-Diet. The Ob-MSG group presented a higher level of plasmatic corticosterone and increased phosphorylation of hypothalamic ERK1 and 2. Discussion: Both treatments induced obesity but only Ob-MSG showed altered behavioral parameters, which is related to increased concentration of corticosterone and hypothalamic ERK1 and 2 activation.
The period Gene Thr-Gly Polymorphism in Australian and African Drosophila melanogaster Populations: Implications for Selection

The period gene is a key regulator of biological rhythmicity in Drosophila melanogaster. The central part of the gene encodes a dipeptide Thr-Gly repeat that has been implicated in the evolution of both circadian and ultradian rhythms. We have previously observed that length variation in the repeat follows a latitudinal cline in Europe and North Africa, so we have sought to extend this observation to the southern hemisphere. We observe a parallel cline in Australia for one of the two major length variants and find higher levels of some Thr-Gly length variants, particularly at the tropical latitudes, that are extremely rare in Europe. In addition we examined >40 haplotypes from sub-Saharan Africa and find a very different and far more variable profile of Thr-Gly sequences. Statistical analysis of the periodicity and codon content of the repeat from all three continents reveals a possible mechanism that may explain how the repeat initially arose in the ancestors of the D. melanogaster subgroup of species. Our results further reinforce the view that thermal selection may have contributed to shaping the continental patterns of Thr-Gly variability.
On the Applicability of the Most Similar Systems Design and the Most Different Systems Design in Comparative Research

In comparative political research we distinguish between the ‘Most Similar Systems Design’ (MSSD) and the ‘Most Different Systems Design’ (MDSD). In the present work, I argue that the applicability of the two research strategies is determined by the features of the research task. Three essential distinctions are important when assessing the applicability of the MSSD and the MDSD: (1) whether or not variable interactions are studied at a systemic level or at a sub‐systemic level; (2) whether we use a deductive or inductive research strategy and (3) whether or not we operate with a constant or varying dependent variable. The article argues that the combination of these dimensions is essential for how the MSSD and the MDSD can and should be used in comparative research.
Young Children's Judgments About the Relative Size of Shared Portions: The Role of Material Type

3 experiments were conducted to assess young (5-7 years) children's ability to judge the relative amount that a character would receive if sharing a material with 1 friend (halves) or 2 friends (thirds). Materials included items that appeared in 3 forms: continuous, discrete, and composite. In the first 2 experiments, performance was best with materials in composite form and worst with materials in continuous form. In a third experiment, children performed as well with large unorganized sets as with small organized sets, suggesting that they were not using a counting strategy. The results support suggestions that children enter school with informal knowledge about partitioning that may serve as a foundation for instruction in fractions concepts.
Primary Headteachers: New Leadership Roles Inside and Outside the School

This article considers some of the findings of research undertaken for a PhD into the changing educational agenda and its impact on the role of primary headteachers in England. During the course of the study from 2005—2009, as a result of government policy new roles for headteachers both inside and outside their school increasingly emerged. The research discusses the perceptions of headteachers regarding the reasons for system change and considers their motivations for undertaking new roles. Findings include the range and type of new roles undertaken; the impact of performativity and ways in which the relationship some headteachers experience with inspection is symbiotic together with how building capacity to sustain new roles impacts on leadership practice.
Microlensing Detections of Planets in Binary Stellar Systems

We demonstrate that microlensing can be used for detecting planets in binary stellar systems. This is possible because in the geometry of planetary binary systems, in which the planet orbits one of the binary components and the other binary star is located at a large distance, both planet and secondary companion produce perturbations in a common region around the planet-hosting binary star, and thus the signatures of both planet and binary companion can be detected in the light curves of high-magnification lensing events. We find that identifying planets in binary systems is optimized when the secondary is located within a certain range that depends on the type of the planet. The proposed method can detect planets with masses down to one-tenth of the Jupiter mass in binaries with separations ≲100 AU. These ranges of planet masses and binary separations are not covered by other methods, and thus microlensing would be able to make the planetary binary sample richer.