Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parameter selection for particle swarm optimization based on Stochastic multi-objective optimization

Parameter selection in particle swarm optimization algorithm had great influence on its performance. This study presented a method of parameter optimization for the particle swarm optimization algorithm based on Stochastic multi-objective optimization. Based on the analysis of the relationship of inertia weight, cognitive coefficient and social coefficient, a stochastic convergence speed index function and a stochastic convergence precision index function for the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm model were analyzed and established, where some of the parameters were stochastic. Then, as two targets of these index functions in a multi-objective optimization problem, a kind of multi-objective optimization method was applied to optimize the parameters. By optimizing the two index functions, a Pareto set and corresponding parameter selection guidelines were derived to guarantee that the particle swarm optimization algorithm had a good convergent speed and accuracy in the stochastic sense. In practical application, it provided some theoretical basis, and had a helpful guiding significance.
FUZZY MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF VELOCITY SERVO SYSTEM

The Implementation of fuzzy model reference adaptive control of a velocity servo system is analysed in this paper. Designing the model reference adaptive control (MRAC) and the problem of choosing adaptation gain is considered. Tuning the adaptation gain by fuzzy logic subsystem and a simple synthesis procedure of fuzzy MRAC are proposed. Several simulation runs show the advantages of fuzzy MRAC approach. Experimental validation on laboratory speed servo is realized by the acquisition system. Results confirm benefits of proposed controller comparing to standard MRAC.
A one-million-year-old hominid distal ulna from Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania.

OBJECTIVE Our aim was to recover new evidence of the evolution of the hominid lineage. METHODS We undertook paleontological fieldwork at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, in one of the richest paleoanthropological sites in the world, documenting the evolution of our lineage and its environmental contexts over the last 2 million years. RESULTS During field work in 2012, the Olduvai Vertebrate Paleontology Project discovered the distal end of a hominid ulna (OH 82) on the north side of Olduvai Gorge a few meters west of the Third Fault, eroding from Bed III sediments that are ∼1 million years in age. DISCUSSION The size and morphology of this distal ulna falls within the normal range of variation seen in humans, although at the larger end of the distribution.
Occupancy grid mapping for mobile robot using sensor fusion

Sensor data fusion using more than one senor such as sonar sensors fusion reduces uncertainties generated from a single sensor. To learn the environment using more than one sensor information, an accurate sensor model as well as a reasonable sensor fusion methodology is needed. In this work, the Moravec-Elfes sonar model for occupancy grid representation and the recursive Bayes update rule in sensor fusion is applied. The environment of the mobile robot may be highly uneven for that only one type of sensors are not enough. Hence to increase the sensor accuracy to a great extent, the information obtained from two sonar and two laser sensors are combined for identifying different shape of objects.
An Entity Evolving into a Community: Defining the Common Ancestor and Evolutionary Trajectory of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Stereotyped Subset #4

Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) assigned to stereotyped subset #4 express highly homologous B-cell receptor immunoglobulin (BcR IG) sequences with intense intraclonal diversification (ID) in the context of ongoing somatic hypermutation (SHM). Their remarkable biological and clinical similarities strongly support derivation from a common ancestor. We here revisited ID in subset #4 CLL to reconstruct their evolutionary history as a community of related clones. To this end, using specialized bioinformatics tools we assessed both IGHV-IGHD-IGHJ rearrangements (n = 511) and IGKV-IGKJ rearrangements (n = 397) derived from eight subset #4 cases. Due to high sequence relatedness, a number of subclonal clusters from different cases lay very close to one another, forming a core from which clusters exhibiting greater variation stemmed. Minor subclones from individual cases were mutated to such an extent that they now resembled the sequences of another patient. Viewing the entire subset #4 data set as a single entity branching through diversification enabled inference of a common sequence representing the putative ancestral BcR IG expressed by their still elusive common progenitor. These results have implications for improved understanding of the ontogeny of CLL subset #4, as well as the design of studies concerning the antigenic specificity of the clonotypic BcR IGs.
Adding Narratives to Numbers in a Mixed Methods Study of Successful Ageing: The 6-Day Sample of the Scottish Mental Survey 1947

This article details the development and potential uses of a qualitative sub-study within a quantitative, longitudinal study of a Scottish cohort born in 1936 (the 6-Day Sample). Analysing narratives and other biographical interview material, we explore the potential of mixed methods research designs to improve the study of successful ageing, a widely used but contested concept. While acknowledging the critiques of successful ageing, we suggest that the concept can be improved by the adoption of mixed method research strategies that address key criticisms, in particular the lack of attention to older people's own voices. Including those voices in our study alongside researcher-defined outcome measures, we explore the reasons underlying some older people's ‘spiky profiles’, i.e. positive outcomes in some domains and negative outcomes in others. We also investigate the potential benefits and challenges of taking a qualitative approach to the most well known process-focused model of successful ageing: Selection, Optimisation and Compensation (SOC). We conclude that a narratively informed mixed methods research design offers the potential for more comprehensive and nuanced approach to successful ageing.
Geometric transitions, brane dynamics and gauge theories

We consider the interplay between brane constructions and type IIA, IIB or M-theory geometries on Calabi-Yau (CY) and G2 holonomy manifolds. This is related to = 1 (and = 2) gauge theories in four dimensions. We first discuss simple geometric transitions corresponding to brane set ups involving orthogonal (or parallel) Neveu-Schwarz branes that approach each other. This is related to confinement and Seiberg duality in SQCD. In particular, we argue that in type IIA, a 1 of singularities and one unit of Ramond-Ramond (RR) flux is dual to a D6 brane wrapped on a Lens space, describing the UV and IR of = 1 Super-Yang-Mills (SYM), respectively. Also, in the large Nc duality that relates D6 branes on S3 to an S2 with RR flux, we implement the presence of Nf flavors of quarks. We then compactify M-theory on (T*(S3) × S1)/2 and observe that one phase describes SO(4) SYM in the UV and two others describe confinement. Moreover, we consider compact 7-spaces (CY × S1)/2. We describe transitions where disconnected S3's approach and connect each other before they vanish. These effects correspond to non-abelian Higgs mechanism and confinement. The similar transitions involving S2 × S1's are also considered. Finally, we present transitions at finite distance in moduli space, where the first Betti number b1 of 3-cycles of singularities changes.
Imaging of automotive engine components noise from non-synchronous sequential measurements

The quantification of automotive engine components noise is significant for high-efficiency engine system development, which meets great challenges for engine bay on-site measurement. A major challenge is that the sizes of engine components are small which radiate high frequency noise (beyond 5000Hz); the classic Near-field acoustical holography (NAH) has great difficulties to work at this scenario. For the sake of improving the spatial resolution of imaging, sequential measurements are investigated, which is a solution to achieve large array and/or high microphone density by moving sequentially a small prototype array to scan the object of interest. In comparison to a large array and/or high microphone density array that can acquire simultaneously all the information of the spectral matrix, non-synchronous sequential measurements can only acquire a block diagonal spectral matrix, while the cross-spectra between the sequential measurements remain unknown due to the missing phase relationships between consecutive positions; a propagation based Fast Iterative Shrinkage Thresholding Algorithm (FISTA) is proposed in this paper to achieve the nonsynchronous sequential measurements, and the proposed approach is applied for the purpose of engine components noise quantification in engine bay on-site measurement, which is validated with specimen of industry in laboratory.
A Comparison of Distinct Consensus Measures for Group Decision Making with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Preference Relations

Intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation (IFPR), which express experts’ preferences from the preferred, the nonpreferred and the indeterminate aspects, has turned out to be an efficient tool in describing the rough and subjective opinions of experts. This paper focuses on the consensus measures for group decision making (GDM) in which all the experts use the IFPRs to express their preferences. Firstly, we give a brief analysis over the framework, the consistency checking process, and the selection process of intuitionistic fuzzy GDM. After that, two novel consensus measures, namely, the outranking flow based consensus measure and the ordinal consensus measure, are proposed to help an analyst to describe the degree of agreement among the experts in a group. In addition, an indepth comparison is made from both theoretical and empirical points of view over our proposed consensus measures against the existing ones. Furthermore, a numerical example is given to show the difference among these distinct consensus measures. Finally, based on the ordinal consensus measure, a procedure is given to help the decision maker yield a final solution for GDM problems.
Developing green and sustainable software: Success factors for vendors

Software plays an important role in various aspects of our life. However, recent software development practices have substantial negative impacts (direct and indirect) on economy, society, human beings, and environment. To cope with these issues the concept of Green Software Engineering has boomed recently. Green and sustainable software development aims to create green software that meets the needs of current and future users while minimizing its negative impacts on the environment and society. Green software development is getting attention in Global Software Engineering (GSE). Software development multi-sourcing vendor organizations have focused on the adaptation of green practices in software development projects. The objectives of this study are to identify and scrutinize a list of critical success factors (CSFs) for vendors in the development of green and sustainable software. The required data for conducting the study was taken, via systematic literature review (SLR) process, from a sample of 74 research papers. The SLR findings reveal that ‘green software design and efficient coding ’, ‘power-saving software strategies ’, ‘low carbon emission throughout the software development process ’, ‘efficient resource utilization ’, ‘paperless communication ’, ‘filtration of requirements through green evaluator and e-waste management’ are the critical factors to be implanted by vendors in the development of green and sustainable software.
Fraud Detection using Graph Topology and Temporal Spikes

Fraud detection is facing more challenges when online fraudsters invest more resources, including purchasing large pools of fake user accounts and dedicated IPs, to make their attacks less obvious. Existing approaches such as average degree maximization in adjacency matrices or tensors, that aimed at finding the connections of maximum average degree density suffer from the bias of including more false positive nodes, resulting in lower accuracy and increased need for manual verification. Therefore, we propose HoloScope method to detect topology and spike suspiciousness simultaneously. A novel “contrast suspiciousness” is introduced for honoring contrast behaviors between fraudsters and normal users. In terms of graph topology, it allows us to more accurately detect fraudulent blocks, reducing the false positive nodes; In terms of temporal spikes, HoloScope takes into account the bursts caused by fraudsters’ attacking, and the sudden drops due to the poor attractiveness of fake objects. In addition, we provide theoretical bounds for how much this increases the time cost needed for fraudsters to conduct adversarial attacks. Additionally, from the perspective of ratings, HoloScope incorporates the deviation of rating scores in order to catch fraudsters more accurately. Moreover, the HoloScope has a concise framework and sub-quadratic time complexity, which make our algorithm reproducible and scalable. In the experiments, HoloScope achieved significant accuracy improvements on both synthetic and real data, compared with the state-of-the-art baselines.
The impact of ship-produced aerosols on the microstructure and albedo of warm marine stratocumulus clouds: A test of MAST hypotheses 1i and 1ii

Anomalously high reflectivity tracks in stratus and stratocumulus sheets associated with ships (known as ship tracks) are commonly seen in visible and near-infrared satellite imagery. Until now there have been only a limited number of in situ measurements made in ship tracks. The Monterey Area Ship Track (MAST) experiment, which was conducted off the coast of California in June 1994, provided a substantial dataset on ship emissions and their effects on boundary layer clouds. Several platforms, including the University of Washington C-131A aircraft, the Meteorological Research Flight C-130 aircraft, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ER-2 aircraft, the Naval Research Laboratory airship, the Research Vessel Glorita, and dedicated U.S. Navy ships, participated in MAST in order to study processes governing the formation and maintenance of ship tracks. This paper tests the hypotheses that the cloud microphysical changes that produce ship tracks are due to (a) particulate emission from the ship’s stack and/or (b) sea-salt particles from the ship’s wake. It was found that ships powered by diesel propulsion units that emitted high concentrations of aerosols in the accumulation mode produced ship tracks. Ships that produced few particles (such as nuclear ships), or ships that produced high concentrations of particles but at sizes too small to be activated as cloud drops in typical stratocumulus (such as gas turbine and some steam-powered ships), did not produce ship tracks. Statistics and case studies, combined with model simulations, show that provided a cloud layer is susceptible to an aerosol perturbation, and the atmospheric stability enables aerosol to be mixed throughout the boundary layer, the direct emissions of cloud condensation nuclei from the stack of a diesel-powered ship is the most likely, if not the only, cause of the formation of ship tracks. There was no evidence that salt particles from ship wakes cause ship tracks.
Alleviating self-interference in MANETs

The interference range in multi-hop ad hoc networks (MANETs) is typically twice as large as the transmission range. This phenomenon causes packets of a multi-hop flow to interfere with each other as they are relayed over the multi-hop route. This interference, an instance of the notorious hidden terminal problem, is caused by simultaneous transmissions by down-stream nodes unaware of ongoing transmissions by up-stream nodes. DMAC (deferrable MAC) is a novel MAC protocol that alleviates the hidden terminal problem by deferring further transmissions until the previously transmitted packets travel far enough to avoid interference with the newly transmitted packets. For simple chain topologies, DMAC improves the throughput of CBR and TCP flows by up to 100% and 60%, respectively. For random mobile topologies with up to 40 simultaneous flows, DMAC improves the throughput of TCP flows by up to 30%.
Song, Hanqun Theatrical performance in the tourism industry: An Importance-Satisfaction Analysis Original Citation Song, Hanqun (2016) Theatrical performance in the tourism industry: An Importance-Satisfaction

Theatrical performances have been developed quickly in many tourism destinations in China; however, little research has been focused on this important area. This study examined tourists’ perceptions towards The Romance of the Song Dynasty, one of the most successful performances targeted at tourists in China. Using Importance-Satisfaction Analysis (ISA), this study revealed that the most important and satisfied attributes by tourists were primarily associated with the core service attributes (i.e., performing art), whereas the most unimportant and dissatisfied attributes by tourists were mainly associated with the peripheral service attributes (i.e., venue environment, service, and tourist management). Both theoretical and practical contributions were provided in this study.
Comparisons of Spectral Aerosol Single Scattering Albedo in Seoul, South Korea

Abstract. Quantifying aerosol absorption at ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths is important for monitoring air pollution and aerosol amounts using current (e.g., Aura/OMI) and future (e.g., TROPOMI, TEMPO, GEMS, and Sentinel-4) satellite measurements. Measurements of column average atmospheric aerosol single scattering albedo (SSA) are performed on the ground by the NASA AERONET in the visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths and in the UV-VIS-NIR by the SKYNET networks. Previous comparison studies have focused on VIS and NIR wavelengths due to the lack of co-incident measurements of aerosol and gaseous absorption properties in the UV. This study compares the SKYNET-retrieved SSA in the UV with the SSA derived from a combination of AERONET, MFRSR, and Pandora (AMP) retrievals in Seoul, South Korea, in spring and summer 2016. The results show that the spectrally invariant surface albedo assumed in the SKYNET SSA retrievals leads to underestimated SSA compared to AMP values at near UV wavelengths. Re-processed SKYNET inversions using spectrally varying surface albedo, consistent with the AERONET retrieval improve agreement with AMP SSA. The combined AMP inversions allow for separating aerosol and gaseous (NO 2 and O 3) absorption and provide aerosol retrievals from the shortest UVB (305 nm) through VIS to NIR wavelengths (870 nm).
Supplemental Material : A Dataset and Evaluation Methodology for Depth Estimation on 4 D Light Fields

The scenes are created with Blender [2] and rendered using the internal renderer for the stratified scenes and the Cycles Renderer for the photorealistic scenes. The models are acquired through Chocofur, the British Museum and the Stanford 3D Scanning Repository. All parameters mentioned in this Section can be found in the parameters.cfg file of each scene. The unit of the parameters is also noted in that file. Figure 1 gives an overview over the setup used. We construct the light field camera as a regular rectangular grid of cameras with a distance of baseline. For each camera the focallength as well as the sensorsize is identical. To ensure that the disparity of the captured scene is around zero, we shift the outer cameras towards the center. Please note, that this does not mean, that the cameras are rotated. We shift the sensor, thus the optical axes are still parallel. All cameras cover the same area at a certain focus distance, which corresponds to disparity 0. The image plane Ω and the focus plane Π can be used to construct the calibration matrix H as introduced in [3]. From these parameters depth Z and disparity d can be related as
Estimation of additive and non-additive effects on milk production traits in Iranian Holstein crossbred population

Direct and interactive effect (individual and maternal heterosis) was estimated using data from rotational crosses between Holsteins with Iranian native breeds. Traits of interest were milk yield, fat yield, fat percent and milk days. Complete data were available on 155 240 animals from 1991 through 2003. Direct additive’s effect, individual heterosis, maternal heterosis and recombination (interactions between presences of Holstein gene in two parents) effects were estimated by multiple regression method in SAS 8.2 with mixed models procedure. The least squares means of milk yield, fat yield, fat percent and milk days were 2 722.68±1 541.12 kg, 122.97±47.40 kg, 3.97±0.73 percent and 260.10±89.51 days respectively. All direct and indirect genetic effects are significant in milk and milk days traits (P<0.05). Individual and maternal heterosis and recombination effect are not significant on fat yield and fat percent traits. The individual and recombination effect were negative effect on milk yield. The result suggested that the Holstein is a favourable breed for crossbreeding program in developing country as Iran.
Migration-Selection Balance and Local Adaptation of Mitochondrial Haplotypes in Rufous-Collared Sparrows (Zonotrichia capensis) Along an Elevational Gradient

Variable selection pressures across heterogeneous landscapes can lead to local adaptation of populations. The extent of local adaptation depends on the interplay between natural selection and gene flow, but the nature of this relationship is complex. Gene flow can constrain local adaptation by eroding differentiation driven by natural selection, or local adaptation can itself constrain gene flow through selection against maladapted immigrants. Here we test for evidence that natural selection constrains gene flow among populations of a widespread passerine bird (Zonotrichia capensis) that are distributed along an elevational gradient in the Peruvian Andes. Using multilocus sequences and microsatellites screened in 142 individuals collected along a series of replicate transects, we found that mitochondrial gene flow was significantly reduced along elevational transects relative to latitudinal control transects. Nuclear gene flow, however, was not similarly reduced. Clines in mitochondrial haplotype frequency were strongly associated with transitions in environmental variables along the elevational transects, but this association was not observed for the nuclear markers. These results suggest that natural selection constrains mitochondrial gene flow along elevational gradients and that the mitonuclear discrepancy may be due to local adaptation of mitochondrial haplotypes.