Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Equalityof Secure Domination and Inverse Secure Domination Numbers

Let G = (V, E) be a graph. Let D be a minimum secure dominating set of G. If V – D contains a secure total dominating set D’ of G, then D’ is called an inverse secure dominating set with respect to D. The smallest cardinality of inverse secure dominating set of G is the secure domination number s -1(G) of G. In this paper, we obtain some graphs for which s(G) = s -1(G) and establish some results on this respect. Also we obtain some graphs for which s(G) =s -1(G) = . 2 p where p is the number of vertices of G.
Evaluation of Metabolomics as Diagnostic Targets in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review

In recent years, high-throughput technologies have facilitated the widespread use of metabolomics to identify biomarkers and targets for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). As a result, the primary goal of this systematic review is to identify and evaluate metabolite biomarkers and their pathways for OSCC that featured consistently across studies despite methodological variations. Six electronic databases (Medline, Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL, ProQuest, and Embase) were reviewed for the longitudinal studies involving OSCC patients and metabolic marker analysis (in accordance with PRISMA 2020). The studies included ranged from the inception of metabolomics in OSCC (i.e., 1 January 2007) to 30 April 2023. The included studies were then assessed for their quality using the modified version of NIH quality assessment tool and QUADOMICS. Thirteen studies were included after screening 2285 studies. The majority of the studies were from South Asian regions, and metabolites were most frequently derived from saliva. Amino acids accounted for more than quarter of the detected metabolites, with glutamate and methionine being the most prominent. The top dysregulated metabolites indicated dysregulation of six significantly enriched pathways including aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism and arginine biosynthesis with the false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05. Finally, this review highlights the potential of metabolomics for early diagnosis and therapeutic targeting of OSCC. However, larger studies and standardized protocols are needed to validate these findings and make them a clinical reality.
Islamic hospital nurse loyalty model: motivation, commitment and satisfaction

This paper aims to examine the effect of motivation, commitment, and satisfaction on nurse loyalty at Islamic Hospitals. The sampling technique uses a purposive method, where the requirement to be a sample is a nurse who has worked for one year. Based on this technique, a sample of 69 nurses was obtained with a response rate of 92%. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with a partial least square approach, by two separate but sequentially related stages (outer and inner model). The results showed that extrinsic motivation can affect employee commitment and job satisfaction. Intrinsic Motivation can affect job satisfaction but does not affect employee commitment. Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation cannot directly influence nurse loyalty, nor can it be mediated by nurse commitment or job satisfaction. Nurses will be loyal to the hospital if intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is mediated by employee commitment and job satisfaction respectively.
Hard Spectral Tails in Magnetars

Abstract Pulsed non-thermal quiescent emission between 10 keV and around 150 keV has been observed in ~10 magnetars. For inner magnetospheric models of such hard X-ray signals, resonant Compton upscattering of soft thermal photons from the neutron star surface is the most efficient radiative process. We present angle-dependent hard X-ray upscattering model spectra for uncooled monoenergetic relativistic electrons. The spectral cut-off energies are critically dependent on the observer viewing angles and electron Lorentz factor. We find that electrons with energies less than around 15 MeV will emit most of their radiation below 250 keV, consistent with the observed turnovers in magnetar hard X-ray tails. Moreover, electrons of higher energy still emit most of the radiation below around 1 MeV, except for quasi-equatorial emission locales for select pulses phases. Our spectral computations use new state-of-the-art, spin-dependent formalism for the QED Compton scattering cross section in strong magnetic fields.
Optoacoustic microscopy using laser beam deflection technique

Optoacoustic microscopy (OAM) is an emerging technology combining the beneficial features of optical contrast and ultrasound resolution, to form a hybrid imaging technique capable of multi-scale, high-contrast and high-resolution imaging through optically scattering biological tissues. In the past 15 years, two system modifications have been developed for optoacoustic / photoacoustic microscopy: acoustic-resolution AR-OAM and optical-resolution OR-OAM. Typically, acoustic resolution systems can image deeper tissues structures, however, with resolution at least an order of magnitude worse than the systems of optical-resolution. It would be attractive for variety of biomedical applications to attain high (submicron) resolution at a depth exceeding the present limit of the optical resolution optoacoustic microscopy. Here we introduce a novel, all-optical method for OAM, in which not only thermal energy deposition, but also optoacoustic signal detection is achieved optically. In our design the probe laser beam was used as an ultrawide-band ultrasonic transducer. In this method the acoustic pressure wave amplitude is proportional to the angle of deflection of the probing CW laser beam incident on a balanced dual photodiode. Such laser beam deflection (LBD) method overcomes the limitations of conventional piezoelectric ultrasound transducers and optical interferometers. LBD method allows one to use high numerical aperture objectives for better focusing, avoid distortions associated with the system elements that separate optical and acoustic paths, and provides better sensitivity than any optical interferometer. It also provides a non-contact method that is insensitive to optical and acoustic artifacts typical of backward mode of optoacoustic imaging. The LBD sensitivity depends on a large number of system parameters such as probe beam power, spot size, interaction length, optical refraction index of the coupling medium, laser wavelength, photodiode sensitivity, proximity to the optoacoustic source, and thus, can be optimized. The basic setup of OR-LBD-OAM shows high sensitivity competitive with commercial ultrasonic transducers. We report first images of biological cells and tissues obtained using this technique.
Student Trajectories in High School Mathematics: Issues of Choice, Support, and Identity-Making

Abstract This study explores the range of experiences students have when making two kinds of decisions in relation to high school mathematics courses: what course to take, and how to and how much to apply themselves. Looking at the choices of students about to enter Grade 10, the first decision is their choice of courses. In mathematics, students leaving Grade 9 selected one course (usually), from five possibilities, for their Grade 10 year: an advanced‐placement Honours stream, an academic course with a traditional symbol‐manipulation approach, an academic course with a technology‐based applications approach, a non‐academic mathematics‐for‐citizenship course, and (as an imposed choice) repeating the Grade 9 mathematics course. The second point of decision‐making occurred within their mathematics and science courses—students constantly made choices about how, and how much, to apply themselves to the challenges of succeeding in the courses they had chosen. These students’ course choices, to a considerable .
Effects of high oleic acid peanuts on mice’s liver and adipose tissue metabolic parameters and gut microbiota composition

This study aimed to investigate the effects of two types of peanuts, regular Hanoch (HN) and a new high-oleic cultivar. , Hanoch-Oleic (HO), on metabolic parameters and gut microbiota composition. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a normal diet (ND) or ND supplemented with HN (NDh) or HO (NDo). Following 18 weeks of diet regimen, the NDo group exhibited reduced body weight and peri-gonadal adipose-to-body weight ratio, paralleled to lesser food consumption. Although blood levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, free fatty acids, and liver enzyme levels did not differ between groups, decreased insulin sensitivity was found in the NDh group. Within adipose tissue, the expression of lipolytic and lipogenic enzymes was higher, while those related to lipid oxidation were lower in the NDh group compared to the NDo group. Additionally, HO peanuts consumption promoted the establishment of a healthy microbiota, with an enhanced abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Coprococcus genera. In conclusion, the inclusion of the HO peanut cultivar. , rather than the conventional peanut cultivar. , in a balanced diet was related to better metabolic outcomes and was linked to a favorable microbiota profile.
A General Matlab and COMSOL Co-simulation Framework for Model
 Parameter Optimization: Lithium-Ion Battery and Gasoline Particulate Filter Case
 Studies

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper develops a co-simulation framework based on the use of the package <i>LiveLink</i><sup>TM</sup><i>for Matlab</i> to perform parameters optimization of dynamical systems implemented in <i>COMSOL Multiphysics</i>. The identification problem is recast as an optimization problem which is solved in Matlab. Code for the key steps of the approach is described in detail, and an implementation based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed. The effectiveness and general applicability of the framework are shown for two energy systems: lithium-ion battery (LIB) and gasoline particulate filter (GPF). Matlab codes and COMSOL models for both case studies are made publicly available and can be used as a starting point to solve parameter identification problems for systems beyond the case studies presented here. </div></div>
An improved three-dimensional block matching image de-noise algorithm and its application in a 3D imaging sonar

There are urgent needs for sonar image processing technology since sonar images generally have characteristics of low resolution and a weak target shielded in a strong reverberation background. A three-dimensional block matching image de-noise algorithm was used to suppress the speckle noise in SAS imaging processing. It usually adopts adjacent sub-blocks of the image for 3D transformation, and attains image de-noise by processing in the transform domain. Furthermore, we now face the challenge of three-dimensional image processing in a kind of 3D sonar, and there are already abundant azimuth sections of three-dimensional images available to be studied. There are more similar characteristics amongst different azimuth sections of 3D images than there are amongst adjacent sub-blocks of conventional image. Thus, an improved three-dimensional block matching image de-noise algorithm is proposed for 3D sonar image processing, in which the effectiveness of image de-noise are produced by ensemble average and transform domain processing. Its application in the 3D imaging sonar is also described in this paper. And because of the greater quantity of elements and greater similarity amongst sub-blocks, the image processing results show that the background noise is being properly suppressed.
Notes on the distribution and habitat use of marmosets (Callitrichidae: Mico) from south-central Amazonia

Abstract Currently, 15 species of Amazon marmosets (genus Mico) are known to science. The Amazon marmosets occur primarily in southern Brazilian Amazonia, the arc of deforestation, and are among the least studied primates of the neotropics. This is particularly the case for M. acariensis and M. chrysoleucos, both endemic to the Aripuanã–Sucundurí interfluve, south-central Amazonia. Mico acariensis was not studied beyond the species description, and the only information currently available is the pelage colouration of the holotype, inferred coordinates of the type locality, and a field report with two additional localities of occurrence. Regarding M. chrysoleucos, in addition to the species description, there are taxonomic reviews, the report of a second occurrence record, and a study on the species range. We provide here new occurrence records that extend the distribution of M. chrysoleucos; provide new records for and update the distribution of M. acariensis; and propose the existence of a hybrid zone in the Aripuanã–Sucundurí interfluve, i.e. around the known distribution boundaries of M. acariensis, M. chrysoleucos, and M. melanurus, and we also discuss habitat use patterns of Amazon marmosets.
External Potential Modifies Friction of Molecular Solutes in Water

Stokes’s law for the friction of a sphere in water has been argued to work down to molecular scales, provided the effective hydrodynamic radius includes the hydration layer. In interpretations of experiments and in theoretical models, it is tacitly assumed that the solvent friction experienced by a solute does not depend on whether an external confinement potential acts on the solute. Using a novel method to extract the friction memory function from molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the solvent friction of a strongly harmonically confined methane molecule in water increases by 60% compared to its free-solution value, which is caused by an amplification of the slowest component of the memory function. The friction enhancement occurs for potential strengths typical of physical and chemical bonds and is accompanied by a significant slowing-down of the hydration water dynamics. Thus, the solvent friction acting on molecular solutes is not determined by solvent properties and solute-solvent interactions alone but results from the coupling between solute and solvent dynamics and thereby can be tuned by an external potential acting on the solute. This also explains why simulations of positionally constrained solutes do not reproduce free-solution diffusivities. Dynamic scaling arguments suggest similar effects also for macromolecular solutes provided the solution viscosity is sufficiently enhanced.
The Effect of Social Media Marketing Effort on Customer Response Through Brand Equity in Starbucks Store

This study aims to analyze the effect of Social Media Marketing Efforts on Customer Response, the Effect of Social Media Marketing Efforts on Brand Equity, the Effect of Brand Equity on Customer Response, and the Effect of Social Media Marketing Efforts on Customer Response through Brand Equity in Starbucks Store. Furthermore, this study also aims to analyze the most effective policies that can be implemented by Starbucks management in an effort to implement Social Media Marketing Efforts and increase the level of Brand Equity products and Customer Response at the Starbucks Store. This research was conducted in three Starbucks District 33 Medan store (Hermes, Focal Point and Manhattan). The number of samples of this study amounted to 185 people. The analytical method in this study uses the Structured Equation Model (SEM) with the Smart PLS 3.0 Program. The results of this study found that Social Media Marketing Efforts had a positive and significant effect on Customer Response, Social Media Marketing Efforts had a positive and significant effect on Brand Equity, Brand Equity had a positive and significant effect on Customer Response, and Brand Equity was able to mediate the influence of Social Media Marketing Efforts towards Customer Response. Starbucks management can apply strategies such as: increased brand awareness, import reputation, increased relationship, brand development, and increased purchase intention.
Luminosity progression in dart‐stepped leader step formation

Using a high‐speed optical imaging system, we have observed the step formation bright pulse discharges occurring at the tip of dart‐stepped leaders of rocket triggered lightning with a time resolution of 0.1 µs and a spatial resolution of about 1.4 m. Each of the step formation pulse discharges appeared to initiate at a location immediately below the bottom of its previous pulse discharge and to propagate in bidirectional (upward and downward) waves with a speed on the order of 107 m/s. The downward waves of the pulse discharges tended to slow down significantly after they propagated a distance of about 2 m. Based on the results observed in this study and those published in literatures, we propose a conceptual view of leader step formation.
Three dimensional parameters estimation of wideband sources based on matching pursuit

Abstract This paper proposes an algorithm for estimating three dimensional parameters of wideband sources using L array, which is based on Matching Pursuit against the deficiencies of traditional direction finding algorithms and sub-space algorithms. The new approach presented in this paper first constructs atom-dictionaries according to system models and then projects observations of L array onto dictionaries, and finally estimates initial frequency, FM slope, elevation and azimuth angles of chirp sources by solving least squares problems when applied into wideband cases. The simulation results show the method has good performance in low signal-to-noise ratio, and the chirps are well localized, which proved the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Long-Term Variations of the EOP and ICRF2

We analyzed the time series of the coordinates of the ICRF radio sources. We show that part of the radio sources, including the “defining” sources, shows a significant apparent motion. The stability of the celestial reference frame is provided by a no-net-rotation condition applied to the defining sources. In our case this condition leads to a rotation of the frame axes with time. We calculated the effect of this rotation on the Earth orientation parameters (EOP). In order to improve the stability of the celestial reference frame we suggest a new method for the selection of the defining sources. The method consists of two criteria: the first one we call “cosmological” and the second one “kinematical”. It is shown that a subset of the ICRF sources selected according to cosmological criteria provides the most stable reference frame for the next decade.
Students’ Experiences of Tippy Tube Video-assisted Learning during the COVID-19 Lockdown in an Open and Distance Learning Environment

The University of South Africa (Unisa) College of Education (CEDU) set up Tippy Tube as an online educational video channel to engage lecturers around the country. The outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), which was declared a global pandemic on 11 March 2020, imposed a lockdown period from February to August 2021. This article reports on a study that explored how the use of Tippy Tube optimised support to first-year mathematics education students at Unisa during the lockdown. Moore’s Transactional Distance Theory (TDT) underpinned the study. The study used a qualitative research design to explore students’ views on whether the Tippy Tube tool had optimised student support in the mathematics education module during the lockdown. The module has five units and five Tippy Tube videos were developed for each unit. Open-ended questionnaires were administered to 100 purposively sampled first-year mathematics education students. Only 21 respondents completed the questionnaires. Thematic analysis was then used to analyse the data from the open-ended questionnaire responses. The findings of the study revealed that Tippy Tube video-assisted learning had benefitted the students in mathematics education. Further, the study findings suggested that lecturers can consider using the Tippy Tube tool to teach students mathematics and other disciplines as they are able to replay the videos for the purpose of clarity if they did not understand the videos during live presentations.
Valorization of Cellulose-Based Materials from Agricultural Waste: Comparison between Sugarcane Bagasse and Rice Straw

Sugarcane bagasse and rice straw are major agricultural byproducts often discarded or burned as waste after cultivation, leaving their untapped potential for utilization. In this work, cellulose fibers were extracted from sugarcane bagasse and rice straw using a simple procedure: alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide, bleaching with sodium hypochlorite, and acid hydrolysis. The obtained cellulosic materials were successfully prepared into milky white and transparent films, of which the transparency slightly decreased with the addition of glycerol. The surface of all the films appeared homogeneous with a random orientation of fibers. The rice-straw (RS) film had a more fragile texture than the sugarcane-bagasse (SBG) film. The FTIR analysis clearly indicated the functional groups of cellulose, as well as glycerol for the films mixed with glycerol. Thermal analysis showed that the native SBG film decomposed at 346 °C, higher than the native RS film (339 °C). The presence of glycerol in the films resulted in slightly lower maximum decomposition temperature (Td,max) values as well as mechanical properties. Regarding water susceptibility, the RS film had a higher percentage than the native SBG and glycerol-mixed SBG films. The extracted cellulose from both sources could form almost spherical-shaped cellulose particles. Thus, through the simple extraction method, sugarcane bagasse and rice straw could serve as excellent sources of cellulose materials for preparing cellulose films and particles, which would be advantageous to the development of cellulose-based materials.
Towards Diversifying Early Language Development Research: The First Truly Global International Summer/Winter School on Language Acquisition (/L+/) 2021

With a long-term aim of empowering researchers everywhere to contribute to work on language development, we organized the First Truly Global /L+/ International Summer/ Winter School on Language Acquisition, a free 5-day virtual school for early career researchers. In this paper, we describe the school, our experience organizing it, and lessons learned. The school had a diverse organizer team, composed of 26 researchers (17 from under represented areas: Subsaharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia, and Central and South America); and a diverse volunteer team, with a total of 95 volunteers from 35 different countries, nearly half from under represented areas. This helped world-wide Page 5 of 5 promotion of the school, leading to 958 registrations from 88 different countries, with 300 registrants (based in 63 countries, 80% from under represented areas) selected to participate in the synchronous aspects of the event. The school employed asynchronous (pre-recorded lectures, which were close-captioned) and synchronous elements (e.g., discussions to place the recorded lectures into