Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY IN THE INDO-PACIFIC REGION: NEW APPROACHES TO AGE-OLD QUESTIONS

Biological anthropological research, the study of both modern and past humans, is a burgeoning field in the Indo-Pacific region. It is becoming increasingly apparent that the unique environments of the Indo-Pacific have resulted in an archaeological record that does not necessarily align with those in the northern hemisphere. New, regionally-specific archaeological models are being developed, and biological anthropological research has an important role to play in establishing past human experience within these models. In the Indo-Pacific, research using ancient and modern human tissues is adding insight into global processes of prehistoric settlement and migrations, subsistence change and human biosocial adaptation. This review synthesises current themes in biological anthropology in this region. It highlights the diverse methods and approaches used by biological anthropologists to address globally-relevant archaeological questions. In recent decades a collaborative approach between archaeologists, biological anthropologists and local communities has become the norm in the region. The many positive outcomes of this multi-disciplinary approach are highlighted here through the use of regionally-specific case studies. This review ultimately aims to stimulate further collaborations between archaeologists, biological anthropologists and the communities in the region, and demonstrate how the evidence from Indo-Pacific research may be relevant to global archaeological models.
Inhibiting Factors in the Application of Risk Management at Hospital X Jakarta

Background: The risk management program will run well with commitment and good management. This study aims to describe the experience of nurse managers in implementing risk management in hospitals. Research methodology: this study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection technique used Focus Group Interviews with 12 nurse managers consisting of 1 Sub Installation Head, 7 Unit Heads, and 4 Team Leaders. Interviews were carried out three times, and each implementation consisted of four participants. Analysis using thematic content and consolidation for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) was used as a guide to research reporting. The research found three inhibiting factors in implementing risk management: 1) Busyness, 2) Lack of knowledge, and 3) Lack of structured monitoring and evaluation. Conclusion: The active participation of nurse managers in implementing risk management is very influential in the successful implementation of risk management in hospitals. Good time management, increasing the level of knowledge, and supported by a systematic risk management monitoring-evaluation system means that risk management will be carried out well
A Systematic Approach to Canonicity in the Classical Sequent Calculus

The sequent calculus is often criticized for requiring proofs to contain large amounts of low-level syntactic details that can obscure the essence of a given proof. Because each inference rule introduces only a single connective, sequent proofs can separate closely related steps---such as instantiating a block of quantifiers---by irrelevant noise. Moreover, the sequential nature of sequent proofs forces proof steps that are syntactically non-interfering and permutable to nevertheless be written in some arbitrary order. The sequent calculus thus lacks a notion of canonicity: proofs that should be considered essentially the same may not have a common syntactic form. To fix this problem, many researchers have proposed replacing the sequent calculus with proof structures that are more parallel or geometric. Proof-nets, matings, and atomic flows are examples of such revolutionary formalisms. We propose, instead, an evolutionary approach to recover canonicity within the sequent calculus, which we illustrate for classical first-order logic. The essential element of our approach is the use of a multi-focused sequent calculus as the means of abstracting away the details from classical cut-free sequent proofs. We show that, among the multi-focused proofs, the maximally multi-focused proofs that make the foci as parallel as possible are canonical. Moreover, such proofs are isomorphic to expansion proofs---a well known, minimalistic, and parallel generalization of Herbrand disjunctions---for classical first-order logic. This technique is a systematic way to recover the desired essence of any sequent proof without abandoning the sequent calculus.
Bridging The Gap Between Business Models And Workflow Specifications

This paper presents a methodology to bridge the gap between business process modeling and workflow specification. While the first is concerned with intuitive descriptions that are mainly used for communication, the second is concerned with configuring a process-aware information system, thus requiring a more rigorous language less suitable for communication. Unlike existing approaches the gap is not bridged by providing formal semantics for an informal language. Instead it is assumed that the desired behavior is just a subset of the full behavior obtained using a liberal interpretation of the informal business process modeling language. Using a new correctness criterion (relaxed soundness), it is verified whether a selection of suitable behavior is possible. The methodology consists of five steps and is illustrated using event-driven process chains as a business process modeling language and Petri nets as the workflow specification language.
Surgical treatment of morbid obesity.

To the Editor. — The purpose of this communication by a participant in the referenced conference is to correct the wrong conclusions suggested in the editorial by John P. Callan, MD, "Surgical Treatment of Morbid Obesity" (241:1271, 1979). At the Bethesda National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference for Surgical Treatment of Morbid Obesity, in December 1978, there was general agreement that surgical therapy should be considered for persons who are 45 kg or more overweight. Theodore Van Itallie, MD, conference chairman, stated that only approximately one half of morbidly obese or superheavyweight people can be effectively treated with fasting or low-calorie diets and that only approximately 10% to 20% of those with an initial good result will be able to maintain weight loss for more than a few years. Amphetamines and thyroid hormones have no place in the management of morbid obesity. Allan Kark, FRCS, clinical research center surgeon, Harrow, England,
Some new binary codes correcting asymmetric/unidirectional errors

The authors give a tabulation of the numbers of codewords in new binary codes with the asymmetric/unidirectional error-correcting capabilities of 3, 4, 5, 6 for lengths 14, 15, . , 23. The new codes have greater sizes than the known codes for 14 >
Web Forum Sentiment Analysis Based on Topics

As web forum has become an enormous collectionof highly valuable opinions and commentaries, more and moreresearchers express strong interests on it. However, most ofthem pay attention to the forum reviews rather than theposts themselves. In this paper we focus on recognizing thediversified opinions of different threads on the same topicfrom Chinese Web forums. First, we congregate the Webforum threads on the same topic into a cluster. In order tofurther distinguish different opinions for a topic, we propose asentiment classification algorithm based on a ProbabilityWord-List, which is constructed by us using a propagation method onthe word graph with a seed set. Experimental results on a realdata set show that our algorithm performs well with both highprecision and efficiency, much better than traditional methodssuch as SVM and Naive Bayes.
A Hybrid Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization for Job Shop Scheduling

The job shop scheduling problem (JSSP) is a well known NP-hard problem, and many algorithms have been presented to solve it, but the results are still unsatisfactory. In this paper, a hybrid discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm based on a two layer population structure is proposed to solve the JSSP, meanwhile add an improved simulated annealing algorithm to increase the ability of finding the global optimum solutions. The experimental results illustrate the high effectiveness of the proposed method, which can avoid prematurity efficiently and be more robust than the PSO and DPSO.
Molecular Mechanism of Oocyte Activation in Mammals: Past, Present, and Future Directions

During mammalian fertilization, repetitive intracellular Ca2+ increases known as Ca2+ oscillations occur. These oscillations are considered crucial for successful fertilization and subsequent embryonic development. Numerous researchers have endeavored to elucidate the factors responsible for inducing Ca2+ oscillations across various mammalian species. Notably, sperm-specific phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) emerged as a prominent candidate capable of initiating Ca2+ oscillations, particularly in mammals. Genetic mutation of PLCζ in humans results in the absence of Ca2+ oscillations in mouse oocytes. Recent studies further underscored PLCζ’s significance, revealing that sperm from PLCζ-deficient (Plcz1−/−) mice fail to induce Ca2+ oscillations upon intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Despite these findings, observations from in vitro fertilization (IVF) experiments using Plcz1−/− sperm revealed some residual intracellular Ca2+ increases and successful oocyte activation, hinting at potential alternative mechanisms. In this review, we introduced the current hypothesis surrounding oocyte activation in mammals, informed by contemporary literature, and probed into the enigmatic mechanisms underlying mammalian fertilization-induced oocyte activation.
The PADRES Publish/Subscribe System1

This chapter introduces PADRES, the publish/subscribe model with the capability to correlate events, uniformly access data produced in the past and future, balance the traffic load among brokers, and handle network failures. The new model can filter, aggregate, correlate and project any combination of historic and future data. A flexible architecture is proposed consisting of distributed and replicated data repositories that can be provisioned in ways to tradeoff availability, storage overhead, query overhead, query delay, load distribution, parallelism, redundancy and locality. This chapter gives a detailed overview of the PADRES content-based publish/subscribe system. Several applications are presented in detail that can benefit from the content-based nature of the publish/subscribe paradigm and take advantage of its scalability and robustness features. A list of example applications are discussed that can benefit from the content-based nature of publish/subscribe paradigm and take advantage of its scalability and robustness features.
Privacy-enhanced bi-directional communication in the Smart Grid using trusted computing

Although privacy concerns in smart metering have been widely studied, relatively little attention has been given to privacy in bi-directional communication between consumers and service providers. Full bi-directional communication is necessary for incentive-based demand response (DR) protocols, such as demand bidding, in which consumers bid to reduce their energy consumption. However, this can reveal private information about consumers. Existing proposals for privacy-enhancing protocols do not support bi-directional communication. To address this challenge, we present a privacy-enhancing communication architecture that incorporates all three major information flows (network monitoring, billing and bi-directional DR) using a combination of spatial and temporal aggregation and differential privacy. The key element of our architecture is the Trustworthy Remote Entity (TRE), a node that is singularly trusted by mutually distrusting entities. The TRE differs from a trusted third party in that it uses Trusted Computing approaches and techniques to provide a technical foundation for its trustworthiness. A automated formal analysis of our communication architecture shows that it achieves its security and privacy objectives with respect to a previously-defined adversary model. This is therefore the first application of privacy-enhancing techniques to bi-directional smart grid communication between mutually distrusting agents.
Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity and 2D-QSAR Study of Some Imidazoquinazoline Derivatives

A novel series of 4-substituted amino-7,8-dimethoxy-1-phenylimidazo[1,5-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-one derivatives was designed, synthesized and tested for their antitumor activity against a human mammary carcinoma cell line (MCF7). Compound 5a was found to be the most active derivative. Physico-chemical parameters were also determined and revealed that most of the compounds obeyed the “rule of five” properties with good absorption percentages. 2D-QSAR studies revealed a well predictive and statistically significant and cross validated QSAR model that helps to explore some expectedly potent compounds.
Application of Web 2.0 Technologies in E-Government: A United Kingdom Case Study

Electronic government (e-Government) has endured significant transformation over the last decade and currently, it is making further leaps by incorporating modern technologies such as second generation web (Web 2.0) technologies. However, since the development and use of this kind of technology is still at its early stages in the public sector, research about the use of Web 2.0 in this domain is still highly tentative and lacks theoretical underpinning. This paper reports the preliminary findings of an in-depth case study in the United Kingdom (UK) public sector, which explore the application of Web 2.0 technologies in the local government authority (LGA). The findings elicited from the case study offer an insight into information systems (IS) evaluation criterions and impact factors of Web 2.0 from both a practical setting and an internal organisational perspective. This paper concludes that a combined analysis of the evaluation and impact factors rather than a singular approach would better assist the decision making process that leads to effective application of Web 2.0 technologies. It also highlights the significant impact and perceived effect of adoption of such technologies.
Acute closed radial nerve injury

We present a 45-year-old patient who had acute radial nerve palsy following a blunt trauma without any fracture or dislocation. He was injured by strucking in a combat three months ago. The patient has been followed by application of a long-arm plaster cast before referred to our clinic. Preoperative electromyoneurography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated that there was a radial nerve injury on humeral groove. The British Medical Research Council (MRC) grade was 2/5 on his wrist preoperatively. The patient underwent an operation under general anesthesia. It was seen to be a second-degree nerve injury. The patient has subsequently regained full movement on his wrist and finger extension in six months. We suggest that a detailed clinical and electrodiagnostical evaluation is necessary in patients who have radial nerve injury when deciding the treatment, conservative or surgical.
Real-Time Sound Recognition System for Human Care Robot Considering Custom Sound Events

In real-life situations where human care robots are deployed, there are custom sound events whose acoustic characteristics change depending on the user’s choice unlike general sound events so that the human care robots cannot recognize custom sound events correctly in a conventional way. To solve this critical problem, a real-time sound event recognition system with customization process is proposed. The human care robot collects custom sound samples of a specific user and customizes a sound event recognition model. The overfitting-based customized model shows the best recognition performance by improving F-scores by 66.4% on average compared to the conventional recognition model. After the customization process, the human care robot performs a real-time sound recognition by consistently streaming robot’s real-time microphone signals into the overfitting-based customized SER model. In this process, an optimized overlap is applied on subsequent audio inputs on SER to achieve sufficiently fast response and robust performance. As a pilot test of the human care robot implemented in actual environment, the real-time sound recognition system shows the best average F-score of 0.982 with 75% overlap for sound events including custom sounds. This pilot test result confirms that the real-time sound recognition system with customization process can be successfully applied to human care robots to respond to the custom sounds.
National Centre of Competence in Research Financial Valuation and Risk Management Working Paper No . 296 Efficient Derivative Pricing by Extended Method of Moments

In this paper, we consider an incomplete market framework and explain how to use jointly observed prices of the underlying asset and of some derivatives written on this asset for an efficient pricing of other derivatives. This question involves two types of moment restrictions, which can be written either for a given value of the conditioning variable, or can be uniform with respect to this conditioning variable. This distinction between local and uniform conditional moment restrictions leads to an extension of the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM); indeed, GMM assumes that all restrictions are uniform. The Extended Method of Moments (XMM) provides estimators of the parameters with different rates of convergence: the rate is the standard parametric one for the parameters, which are identifiable from the uniform restrictions, whereas the rate can be nonparametric for the risk premium parameters. We derive the kernel nonparametric efficiency bounds for estimating a conditional moment of interest and prove the asymptotic efficiency of XMM. To avoid misleading arbitrage opportunities in estimated derivative prices, an XMM estimator based on an information criterion is introduced. The general results are applied in a stochastic volatility model to get efficient derivative prices, to measure the uncertainty of estimated prices, and to estimate the risk premium parameters.
Dualities Between Entropy Functions and Network Codes

In communications networks, the capacity region of multisource network coding is given in terms of the set of entropy functions Gamma*. More broadly, determination of Gamma* would have an impact on converse theorems for multi-terminal problems in information theory. This paper provides several new dualities between entropy functions and network codes. Given a function g ges 0 defined on all subsets of N random variables, we provide a construction for a network multicast problem which is ldquosolvablerdquo if and only if g is the entropy function of a set of quasi-uniform random variables. The underlying network topology is fixed and the multicast problem depends on g only through link capacities and source rates. A corresponding duality is developed for linear network codes, where the constructed multicast problem is linearly solvable if and only if g is linear group characterizable. Relaxing the requirement that the domain of g be subsets of random variables, we obtain a similar duality between polymatroids and the linear programming bound. These duality results provide an alternative proof of the insufficiency of linear (and abelian) network codes, and demonstrate the utility of non-Shannon inequalities to tighten outer bounds on network coding capacity regions.
Investigation of Using Hyperspectral Vegetation Indices to Assess Brassica Downy Mildew

Downy mildew caused by Hyaloperonospora brassicae is a severe disease in Brassica oleracea that significantly reduces crop yield and marketability. This study aims to evaluate different vegetation indices to assess different downy mildew infection levels in the Brassica variety Mildis using hyperspectral data. Artificial inoculation using H. brassicae sporangia suspension was conducted to induce different levels of downy mildew disease. Spectral measurements, spanning 350 nm to 1050 nm, were conducted on the leaves using an environmentally controlled setup, and the reflectance data were acquired and processed. The Successive Projections Algorithm (SPA) and signal sensitivity calculation were used to extract the most informative wavelengths that could be used to develop downy mildew indices (DMI). A total of 37 existing vegetation indices and three proposed DMIs were evaluated to indicate downy mildew (DM) infection levels. The results showed that the classification using a support vector machine achieved accuracies of 71.3%, 80.7%, and 85.3% for distinguishing healthy leaves from DM1 (early infection), DM2 (progressed infection), and DM3 (severe infection) leaves using the proposed downy mildew index. The proposed new downy mildew index potentially enables the development of an automated DM monitoring system and resistance profiling in Brassica breeding lines.
Theta replication of the lactococcal plasmid pWVO2

pWVO2 is a 3.8 kb narrow‐host‐range plasmid from Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris Wg2, which does not replicate in Bacillus subtilis or Escherichia coli. Single‐stranded pWVO2 DNA was not observed in lactococcal cells, indicating that this plasmid does not replicate via a rolling‐circle mechanism. The sequence of pWVO2 neither showed the structural organization typical for rolling‐circle plasmids, nor were sequence similarities with known rolling‐circle plasmids present. By 2‐D agarose gel electrophoresis of replication intermediates, it was shown that pWVO2 replicates via a theta mechanism. This is the first proof for the existence of theta‐replicating plasmids in lactococci. The pWVO2 minimal replicon is strongly related to that of several other lactococcal plasmid replicons. It contains one open reading frame encoding the replication protein, which is preceded by a 22 bp sequence tandemly repeated three and a half times. Further upstream is another 10bp direct repeat present in an A/T‐rich sequence. This structural organization resembles that of several iteroncontaining theta‐type plasmids from E. coli. Derivatives of pWVO2 were stably maintained in L. lactis and are good candidates for the development of stable food‐grade cloning vectors for this organism.
How Competition Affects Evolutionary Rescue

Populations facing novel environments can persist by adapting. In nature, the ability to adapt and persist will depend on interactions between coexisting individuals. Here we use an adaptive dynamic model to assess how the potential for evolutionary rescue is affected by intra- and interspecific competition. Intraspecific competition (negative density-dependence) lowers abundance, which decreases the supply rate of beneficial mutations, hindering evolutionary rescue. On the other hand, interspecific competition can aid evolutionary rescue when it speeds adaptation by increasing the strength of selection. Our results clarify this point and give an additional requirement: competition must increase selection pressure enough to overcome the negative effect of reduced abundance. We therefore expect evolutionary rescue to be most likely in communities which facilitate rapid niche displacement. Our model, which aligns to previous quantitative and population genetic models in the absence of competition, provides a first analysis of when competitors should help or hinder evolutionary rescue.