Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review and analysis of communication logic between PL and PS in ZYNQ AP SoC

Xitinx ZYNQ-7000 AP SoC consists of a Programmable Logic (PL)(FPGA) and Processing Subsystem(PS) (ARM Cortex-A9). The communication logic/interface between the PL and PS is an essential component of ZYNQ Architecture for data transfer. The AXI Interconnect acts as an important communication link between PL & PS for bi-directional data transfer, compared to other available options. This paper explores all possible communication logics/interfaces to transfer data within ZYNQ-7000 AP SoC.
Leptin and hunger levels in young healthy adults after one night of sleep loss

Short‐term sleep curtailment associated with activation of the stress system in healthy, young adults has been shown to be associated with decreased leptin levels, impaired insulin sensitivity, and increased hunger and appetite. To assess the effects of one night of sleep loss in a less stressful environment on hunger, leptin, adiponectin, cortisol and blood pressure/heart rate, and whether a 2‐h mid‐afternoon nap reverses the changes associated with sleep loss, 21 young healthy individuals (10 men, 11 women) participated in a 7‐day sleep deprivation experiment (four consecutive nights followed by one night of sleep loss and two recovery nights). Half of the subjects were randomly assigned to take a mid‐afternoon nap (14:00–16:00 hours) the day following the night of total sleep loss. Serial 24‐h blood sampling and hunger scales were completed on the fourth (predeprivation) and sixth day (postdeprivation). Leptin levels were significantly increased after one night of total sleep loss, whereas adiponectin, cortisol levels, blood pressure/heart rate, and hunger were not affected. Daytime napping did not influence the effects of sleep loss on leptin, adiponectin, or hunger. Acute sleep loss, in a less stressful environment, influences leptin levels in an opposite manner from that of short‐term sleep curtailment associated with activation of the stress system. It appears that sleep loss associated with activation of the stress system but not sleep loss per se may lead to increased hunger and appetite and hormonal changes, which ultimately may lead to increased consumption of ‘comfort’ food and obesity.
Planar Endfire Circularly Polarized Antenna for Low Profile Handheld RFID Reader

The radiation behavior of reader antenna is critical for a compact, low-profile handheld RFID reader. Comparing with the conventional technique, this paper gives a basic review of a novel design approach to planar endfire circularly polarized (CP) antenna, which radiates its main beam in parallel with the printed substrate. To this end, a planar magnetic dipole with vertically polarized component is introduced, while the horizontally polarized counterpart can be realized by a loop or an electric dipole antenna printed on the same substrate. Based on this concept, the combinations with different performances are presented and a summary of some recent advances is given. After that, the mathematical analysis based on parallel complementary dipoles is demonstrated, and the conceptual design configuration is provided accordingly. Finally, an experimental example with low profile and endfire CP characteristic is presented. Experimental validation shows that this new class of planar endfire CP antenna can be a promising alternative for a low-profile handheld RFID reader.
Apigenin Ameliorates the Obesity-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy by Attenuating Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Muscle of Obese Mice.

SCOPE It was investigated whether apigenin (AP) protected against skeletal muscle atrophy induced by obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 9 weeks to induce obesity, and then were assigned to two groups; the HFD group received a high-fat diet, and the HFD+AP group received a 0.1% AP-containing HFD. After additional feeding of the experimental diet for 8 weeks, mice in the HFD group were highly obese compared with the mice in the standard diet fed mice group. The mice in the AP-treated group showed less fat pad accumulation and less inflammatory cytokines without body weight reduction. The weight of skeletal muscle in the AP group tended to increase as compared with that of the HFD group. Furthermore, AP reduced the expression of atrophic genes, including MuRF1 and Atrogin-1, but increased the exercise capacity. The mitochondrial function and mitochondrial biogenesis were enhanced by AP. In cultured C2C12 cells, AP also suppressed palmitic acid-induced muscle atrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, AP activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the C2C12 and the muscle of HFD-induced obese mice. CONCLUSION The results suggested that AP ameliorated the obesity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction.
Application of Ensemble Algorithm in Students' Performance Prediction

With data accumulating rapidly in education, it is possible for researchers to predict students academic performance. Among the prediction models, the machine learning model is outstanding. In this study, the model based on ensemble algorithm, AdaBoost was proposed to predict the classes of students. Experiments were carried out to compare the model to other models such as decision tree, neural network, random forests and SVM. The results showed the model presented the best prediction performance.
Regulatory effect of anti-gp130 functional mAb on IL-6 mediated RANKL and Wnt5a expression through JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway in FLS

We investigated the effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of an anti-gp130 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and its mechanism using RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and a collagen antibody–induced arthritis (CAIA) mouse model. We determined the interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-6 receptor α (IL-6Rα), gp130, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3), TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1), and Bcl-2 levels in RA and osteoarthritis (OA) serum and synovial fluid. RA FLS were cultured with or without IL-6/IL-6Rα; WNT5A and RANKL levels were detected. We generated an anti-gp130 mAb (M10) with higher affinity and specificity, blocked IL-6 signaling with it, and assessed its effects on the CAIA model, WNT5A and RANKL expression, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation. The IL-6 signaling system in patients with RA was increased; RANKL, MMP3, TIMP1, and Bcl-2 in RA bone were elevated. IL-6/IL-6Rα increased RA FLS WNT5A and RANKL expression. M10 ameliorated arthritis in the CAIA model, and inhibited RANKL, WNT5A, and Bcl-2 expression in RA FLS by blocking IL-6 signaling, likely via Janus kinase–STAT3 pathway downregulation. The IL-6–soluble IL-6Rα–gp130 complex is hyperactive in RA and OA. M10 may be the basis for a novel RA treatment drug.
Classification of Transcription Boundary-Associated RNAs (TBARs) in Animals and Plants

There is increasing evidence suggesting the contribution of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) to the phenotypic and physiological complexity of organisms. A novel ncRNA species has been identified near the transcription boundaries of protein-coding genes in eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea. This review provides a detailed description of these transcription boundary-associated RNAs (TBARs), including their classification. Based on their genomic distribution, TBARs are divided into two major groups: promoter-associated RNAs (PARs) and terminus-associated RNAs (TARs). Depending on the sequence length, each group is further classified into long RNA species (>200 nt) and small RNA species (<200 nt). According to these rules of TBAR classification, divergent ncRNAs with confusing nomenclatures, such as promoter upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), upstream antisense RNAs (uaRNAs), stable unannotated transcripts (SUTs), cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), upstream non-coding transcripts (UNTs), transcription start site-associated RNAs (TSSaRNAs), transcription initiation RNAs (tiRNAs), and transcription termination site-associated RNAs (TTSaRNAs), were assigned to specific classes. Although the biogenesis pathways of PARs and TARs have not yet been clearly elucidated, previous studies indicate that some of the PARs have originated either through divergent transcription or via RNA polymerase pausing. Intriguing findings regarding the functional implications of the TBARs such as the long-range “gene looping” model, which explains their role in the transcriptional regulation of protein-coding genes, are also discussed. Altogether, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current research status of TBARs, which will promote further investigations in this research area.
Tobacco smoking decreases clinical symptoms of gingivitis in patients with type 1 diabetes-a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE Periodontal disease may develop on the background of microvascular complications of diabetes. However, some modifying factors, such as tobacco smoking, should be taken into consideration when assessing risk of development of chronic complications. The aim of the study was the clinical assessment of the periodontal status in patients with type 1 diabetes according to tobacco smoking. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 362 subjects aged 29 (IQR 22-35) years, type 1 diabetes duration 12 (8-18) years, hemoglobin A1c, HbA1c 8.0 (7.2-9.1)% were included. We used Gingival Index, Approximal Plaque Index, and Sulcus Bleeding Index to assess periodontal health. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to current cigarette smoking. RESULTS No differences in age, diabetes duration, and chronic complications were found between subgroups. A better metabolic control of diabetes expressed by lower HbA1c (p = 0.00001) and triglyceride levels (p = 0.004) was shown in nonsmokers. Smokers presented significantly lower gingival bleeding, p = 0.009. HbA1c correlated with API in study group (Rs = 0.16; p = 0.002) and in nonsmokers subgroup (Rs = 0.2;p = 0.004), however, not in smoker's subgroup. In multivariable regression analysis, smoking cigarettes (β = -0.26; p = 0.0002), hs-CRP (β = 0.15; p = 0.03) and age (β = -0.19; p = 0.007) occurred to be independent predictors of SBI after adjustment for confounding variables (R2 = 0.13; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Patients with type 1 diabetes smoking cigarettes presented lower gingival sulcus bleeding and worse metabolic control of diabetes than nonsmoking patients.
Help-Seeking Behaviors for Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration by Men Receiving Substance Use Treatment: A Mixed-Methods Secondary Analysis

Despite the high prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration by men receiving substance use treatment, little is known about their help-seeking behaviors for IPV. A secondary analysis of a mixed-methods study of men receiving substance use treatment who perpetrated IPV examined the prevalence, characteristics, and barriers associated with IPV perpetration disclosure and help-seeking. In total, 170 men were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, and a subsample of 20 were interviewed in-depth about their experiences. Logistic regression determined variables associated with disclosure and help-seeking. Thematic analysis of the in-depth interviews explored barriers to disclosure and help-seeking. Only half the participants had told anyone about their IPV perpetration and about one quarter reported having sought any sort of support. Whereas participants were more likely to disclose their IPV perpetration to informal resources (such as friends or family), they tended to seek help from formal resources (such as health professionals or the police). A greater proportion of physical IPV perpetrators, who had disclosed, had been arrested or had police involvement for IPV, suggesting that their disclosure may not have been voluntary. The following themes emerged from the qualitative data about the barriers to disclosure and help-seeking for IPV perpetration: fear that their children would be taken into care by social services, shame and embarrassment, and a minimization or normalization of their behavior. In addition, many participants highlighted that they had never been previously asked about IPV during treatment for substance use and stressed the need for greater expertise in or knowledge of this topic from specialist services. Substance use treatment services should enquire about men’s relationships and IPV perpetration to facilitate disclosure and provide support. Further research is necessary to determine the context of disclosure and help-seeking for IPV perpetration to increase the likelihood of identification.
A system-level comparison of amplitude-vs frequency-modulation approaches exploited in low-power MEMS vibratory gyroscopes

Conventional MEMS vibratory gyroscopes rely on detecting the Coriolis-induced displacement amplitude along three orthogonal modes of a micro-mechanical structure. In recent years, an alternative approach based on frequency modulation, where the rate modulates the resonance frequency of the structure, has been proposed. This work tackles, from a system-level point of view, a comparison between the two solutions, aiming at a fair review of their main properties, advantages and drawbacks. The manuscript mainly focuses on low-power architectural aspects, on the sensitivity of the transduction principle against process and temperature variations, and on critical aspects related to the analog-to-digital conversion and the signal demodulation. Examples of experimental results enrich the discussion.
Sawtooth structure formation under nonlinear-regime ion bombardment

Linear-regime Ar+ bombardment of Si produces symmetrical ripple structures at ion incidence angles above 45° measured off-normal (Madi 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21). In the nonlinear regime, new behaviors emerge. In this paper, we present experimental results of ion bombardment that continues into the nonlinear regime until pattern saturation at multiple ion incidence angles, showing the evolution of their grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) spectra as well as atomic force microscopy topographs of the final, saturated structures. Asymmetric structures emerge parallel to the direction of the projected ion beam on the sample surface, constituting a height asymmetry not found in the linear regime. We then present simulations of surface height evolution under ion bombardment using a nonlinear partial differential equation developed by Pearson and Bradley (2015 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 27 015010). We present simulated GISAXS spectra from these simulations, as well as simulated scattering from a sawtooth structure using the FitGISAXS software package (Babonneau 2010 J. Appl. Crystallogr. 43 929–36), and compare the simulated spectra to those observed experimentally. We find that these simulations reproduce many features of the sawtooth structures, as well as the nearly-flat final GISAXS spectra observed experimentally perpendicular to the sawtooth structures. However, the model fails to reproduce the final GISAXS spectra observed parallel to the sawtooth structures.
The Benefits of Hybrid Caching in Gauss–Poisson D2D Networks

Device caching has recently been proposed as an efficient way to offload traffic from congested cellular networks. However, previous works usually ignore the fact that, in practice, the user device may not be willing to help others due to the limited battery capacity. In this paper, we introduce cooperation among the device-to-device (D2D) transmitters and propose two novel hybrid caching strategies—single-point caching combined with two-point cooperative caching with joint transmission (SPC-CCJT) or multi-stream transmission (SPC-CCMT)—aiming at saving the energy cost of content deliverers. Using tools from stochastic geometry, we propose an analytical framework of the hybrid caching strategies by modeling the locations of the D2D transmitters as a Gauss–Poisson process (GPP) to accurately capture the clustering and cooperative behaviors. First, we consider a probabilistic caching placement and optimize the caching distribution to maximize the cache hit probability. Second, to compare the performance between different content delivery strategies, we derive the success probability and per-user capacity for SPC, CCJT, and CCMT, respectively. These results are then applied to evaluate the offloading gain and the distribution of the content retrieval delay for SPC-CCJT and SPC-CCMT in the GPP-based D2D networks. It turns out that significant offloading gain and delay improvement can be achieved by hybrid caching with cooperation while the energy cost of each cooperator is kept low.
experimental platforms Mesenchymal stem cell mechanobiology and emerging

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Commodification, Compartmentalization and Militarization of Peacebuilding

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Discussion of An Investigation of Revaluations of Tangible Long-Lived Assets

The informativeness of market-based revaluations is fundamentally important to accountants; yet the restriction to U.S. data of most prior studies has precluded investigation of some facets of the issue. A number of studies have examined ASR No. 190 and FAS No. 33 disclosures of the current cost of inventory and plant, but doubts about the quality of those data make it difficult to identify precisely why their relation to stock prices is so weak (e.g., Beaver and Landsman [1983]). Barth [1933] documents that mark-to-market adjustments for investment securities are useful in explaining equity values; however, that result leaves open the question of usefulness of such adjustments for operating assets, for which market values-even if they exist-are less closely linked to the value of the firm. The Easton, Eddey, and Harris (henceforth EEH) study enhances our understanding of the usefulness of market-based revaluations by examining data along dimensions that extend beyond the previously investigated U.S. experience. Given that the Australian revaluations are usually based (directly or indirectly) on independent appraisals, subjected to audit, and included in the basic financial statements, one could argue that the data should be more reliable than those in FAS No. 33 or ASR No. 190 disclosures. On the other hand, the revaluations are predominantly for property (land and buildings), the market price
Classification and modelling of urban environments from point clouds for physical accessibility diagnosis and pedestrian pathfinding

Mobility in urban environments is still a challenge for society today, despite the great advances that have been made in recent years to improve physical accessibility. Complexity of urban ground elements and specific needs of the different motor skills, produce some people cannot reach their destinations following a direct route easily. People with reduced mobility are especially vulnerable to this problem. Their limitations when travelling make them a group at risk of social exclusion. One of the main deficiencies in urban pedestrian mobility can be seen in the absence of an effective tool capable of generating safe pedestrian routes according to motor skills. The information available on the elements of urban ground, and their state, is non-existent or outdated. LiDAR technology allows the acquisition of urban areas in a fast and precise way, storing their geometry in point clouds that can be processed later. However, point clouds are a source of disordered data, with redundant information, occlusions and without uniform point density that makes them difficult to manage and visualize. In this thesis, automatic methodologies for point cloud processing to interpret as-built urban environment are presented, focusing specifically on ground elements conforming the navigable space. The main objective is to generate urban models to calculate realistic pedestrian routes for pedestrians according to motor skills. Geometric information contained in point clouds makes them an optimal source of information for this work, despite the limitations described in the previous paragraph. The point clouds have been classified, firstly at the lowest possible level of detail for urban areas detection by artificial intelligence techniques, and secondly with high level of detail to classify ground elements with geometric and topological information. The modelling has considered dynamic objects in the scene, corrected occlusions and distributed nodes on the ground surface, according to international accessibility standards and as-built environment. All the works of this thesis have been tested in carefully selected real case studies, obtaining results that contribute to the solution of the mentioned problem. The generated models have allowed the direct application of a pathfinding algorithm. The generated routes are safe and coherent with the classified ground elements and motor skills, they consider static but not dynamic objects, and they assure a minimum free unobstructed space for people to move comfortably. This thesis is structured as a compendium of seven scientific publications. Four are articles published in journal, indexed on the Journal Citation Report (JCR), and three are double-blind peer reviewed conference proceedings.