Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ferromagnetic order and the critical exponent gamma for a Gd monolayer: An electron-spin-resonance study.

A monolayer of Gd(0001) on W ( l 10) is measured by electron-spin resonance from r = 240 to 360 K in UHV. The ferromagnetic Curie temperature lies ~ 20 K below the bulk Curie point. The measured temperature dependence of the static susceptibility—deduced from the ESR intensity—follows a power law X—t~ with y « 1.8 for a monolayer and y ~ 1.25 for an 80-A film. This agrees well with the theoretical y of 2D and 3D Ising systems. The experiment represents the first in situ U H V ESR study with full surface analysis allowing the measurement of magnetic phase transitions on single-crystal surfaces.
Documentation Panel: The “Making Learning Visible” Project

Observation and documentation are integral to the early childhood classroom. Observation provides the information necessary for adults to build meaningful relationships with individual children. Documentation panels including photographs, teacher's notes, transcriptions, and artifacts, artfully and prominently displayed, serve as a visual archive of children's learning (Helm, Beneke, & Steinheimer, 1998). Carefully designed panels provide an array of authentic assessment artifacts of children's exploration, while also providing a vehicle for preservice teachers to showcase their understanding of the teaching-learning process. As candidates capture and collect significant moments of learning and reflect on data collected, they develop the practice-teaching inquiry. Inquiry prepares teacher candidates to recognize the value of revisiting previous thinking to help them see relationships between teaching and learning. It is a reflective, intellectually challenging process that is the essence of teacher self-reflection (Hong & Forman, 2000). The Making Learning Visible project described in this article provides opportunities for teacher candidates to observe children at work and play; formulate questions about what they have seen; advance opinions about meaning; analyze issues; confront biases; and develop ideas for future practice. The project may be used as one of the eight assessment tools required in the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education/National Association for the Education of Young Children (NCATE/NAEYC) program accreditation process.
PREDISPOSITION FOR MENTAL SYNDROMES: A STUDY COMPARING PREDISPOSITION FOR DEPRESSION, NEURASTHENIA AND ANXIETY STATE

A hypothesis of selective predisposition for depression, neurasthenic syndrome and anxiety states has been tested in a prospective study. The primary material for the investigation consisted of 4,000 city inhabitants who had registered a private car. Almost all of these could be invited to a group investigation by questionnaire in the autumn of 1959. Out of those invited, 83% participated, and out of these, 3,019 were males (the secondary material).
Bevacizumab treatment of prostate cancer

Introduction: Angiogenesis plays an important role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a primary mediator of this process and is a target for novel therapies. Bevacizumab is a recombinant anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody that has demonstrated antitumor activity in a variety of cancers. Areas covered: In this review, we present the results of several clinical trials for bevacizumab in prostate cancer. Overall, these trials have shown improvements in progression-free survival but no changes in overall survival. Ongoing clinical trials are testing bevacizumab in combination with novel cytotoxic drugs and targeted therapies in metastatic and localized settings. Expert opinion: Bevacizumab has biological activity in prostate cancer. However, the mixed clinical trial results support the theory that prostate cancers may be driven only in part by angiogenesis. Questions remain about the future role of bevacizumab in the treatment of prostate cancer.
VOLUNTARY AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT: LEGAL AND RESEARCH IMPLICATIONS

This paper provides a review of recent Supreme Court decisions stemming from the implementation of voluntary AAPs that include preferential treatment as a remedy; the evidence and proof required to establish and defend against reverse discrimination claims is identified. Overall, the courts sanctioned the use of preferential treatment if it occured as part of a well-conceived AAP. However, differences were found in the manner in which the courts adjudicated Title VII and constitutional claims of preferential treatment. The discussion examines research on the potential effects of voluntary AAPs on important organizational and societal outcome variables. We conclude that the impact of AAPs is likely to be far-reaching, exerting an effect possibly well beyond the limits considered in court decisions.
Estimation of driver's posture using pressure distribution sensors in driving simulator and on-road experiment

Driving assistant is a very effective technology to reduce the traffic accidents by warning driver and supporting the driving operation. In order to give more accurate assistant, both outside condition and inside driver's situation have to be measured correctly and speedily. In this research, we propose a machine Learning based method to estimate the driving posture only from the pressure distribution between driver and car driving seat using a type of thin and soft sensor sheet. Using this method, drivers posture can be obtained without wearing any sensor on drivers' body or setting up any camera or motion capture device in the narrow car inside space. The pressure distributions of different driving postures were measured both in a driving simulator and on-road experiment. Using the measured data, we create the classifiers based the supervised machine learning method — Support Vector Machine (SVM) and tested the generated classifiers for continued driving motions. The effectiveness of this method has been confirmed by comparing the estimated driving postures with the manually labeled postures.
Towards Automated Software Project Planning - Extending Palladio for the Simulation of Software Processes

In every non-trivial software project a significant amount of effort must be devoted to project planning and management. However, project managers steering such projects are often still doing this based on relatively vague heuristics and/or their experience. Various studies and numerous project outcomes have continuously been demonstrating that this is not good enough as it frequently leads to budget and schedule overruns or even completely failed projects. In other engineering disciplines it is common, to simulate complex processes in order to mitigate such risks. Since the Palladio approach already provides functionality for architecture simulations and has been successfully extended for the simulation of business processes, it seems feasible to derive, simulate, and even optimize a project plan based on the Palladio model of an architecture. In this position paper, we sketch how Palladio could be used in order to become a useful tool for project managers that may help to avoid common planning pitfalls. Furthermore, we present initial ideas how its existing modeling elements can be mapped on the software development process and which extensions are still necessary.
Factors Affecting Cognitive Resistance to Advertising

This article examines the relationships between three personal characteristics of adult females and their cognitive responses to a commercial message under different reception conditions. Two trait-type characteristics, general social confidence and information-processing confidence, and one acute characteristic, peer-designated topical opinion leadership, were studied. These factors did affect counterresponse activities as hypothesized.
Framework for Managing Uncertain Distributed Categorical Data

In recent years, data has become uncertain due to the flourishing advanced technologies that participate continuously and increasingly in producing large amounts of incomplete data. Often, many modern applications where uncertainty occurs are distributed in nature, e.g., distributed sensor networks, information extraction, data integration, social network, etc. Consequently, even though the data uncertainty has been studied in the past for centralized behavior, it is still a challenging issue to manage uncertainty over the data in situ. In this paper, we propose a framework to managing uncertain categorical data over distributed environments that is built upon a hierarchical indexing technique based on inverted index, and a distributed algorithm to efficiently process queries on uncertain data in distributed environment. Leveraging this indexing technique, we address two kinds of queries on the distributed uncertain databases 1) a distributed probabilistic thresholds query, where its answers satisfy the probabilistic threshold requirement; and 2) a distributed top-k-queries, optimizing, the transfer of the tuples from the distributed sources to the coordinator site and the time treatment. Extensive experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method in terms of communication costs and response time.
Evaluation of human papillomavirus testing for squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil in clinical practice

Background Oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a subtype of head-and-neck cancer with a distinct clinical and prognostic profile. While there are calls to undertake HPV testing for oropharyngeal SCCs within the diagnostic setting and for clinical trials, there are currently no internationally accepted standards. Methods 142 tonsil SCCs were tested using p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC), high-risk HPV DNA in situ hybridisation (ISH) and HPV DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR; GP5+/6+ primers). Results There were high levels of agreement between pathologists for p16 IHC and HPV ISH scoring; however, around 10% of HPV ISH cases showed some interobserver discrepancy that was resolved by slide review. The combination of p16 IHC and HPV ISH classified 53% of the samples as HPV-positive, whereas the combination of p16 IHC and HPV PCR classified 61% of the samples as HPV-positive. By employing a three-tiered, staged algorithm (p16 IHC/HPV ISH/HPV PCR), the authors were able to classify 98% of the cases as either HPV-positive (p16 IHC+/HPV DNA+; 62%) or HPV-negative (p16 IHC−/HPV DNA−; 35%). Conclusions The current study suggests that using a combination of p16 IHC/HPV ISH/HPV PCR, in a three-tiered, staged algorithm, in conjunction with consensus reporting of HPV ISH, leads to less equivocal molecular classification. In order to ensure consistent reporting of this emerging disease, it is increasingly important for the head-and-neck oncology community to define the minimum requirements for assigning a diagnosis of ‘HPV-related’ oropharyngeal SCC in order to inform prognosis and for stratification in clinical trials.
Patient—Doctor Interactions: Emotional Cues and Discussing Prognosis

The patient—doctor consultation in general practice is often an emotional interaction — for both the patient and the GP. The exchange of life stories and experiences may be joyful or sad, distressing or precipitate anger. Patients may not express their emotions in words. Depending on their personalities, reaction to distressing news and their ideas and expectations, they may say things that are dissonant from how they are feeling. The GP with good communication skills may be able to elicit the patient's feelings through a combination of intuition based on experience, previous knowledge of the patient and the patient's body language including non-verbal cues. Then the GP must acknowledge and respond appropriately to them. Non-effective communication may worsen psychological distress and delay adjustment to the disease or condition.
Neighborhood Social Capital, Poor Physical Conditions, and School Achievement

Success in school is a vital developmental outcome for children. In recent decades, it has been shown that school outcomes are influenced by a variety of environments and social processes in the lives of children, both within and across the central microsystems of family, school, and neighborhood. The current study used a multilevel analytic strategy and three data sources—a community survey, the 2000 census, and citywide school achievement data—to examine the association between neighborhood social capital and physical conditions with academic achievement. The sample comprised predominantly African American children in first through eighth grades in a midsized Midwest industrial city. Results revealed that increased levels of neighborhood bonding social capital and lower levels of poor physical conditions were predictive of higher student scores on achievement tests in math and reading. In addition, as children progressed from the first through the eight grades, the magnitude of the effect of bonding social capital and poor neighborhood physical conditions on school achievement increased.
Pleiotropic defects in TCR signaling in a Vav‐1‐null Jurkat T‐cell line

The Rac/Rho‐specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Vav‐1, is a key component of the T‐cell antigen receptor (TCR)‐linked signaling machinery. Here we have used somatic cell gene‐targeting technology to generate a Vav‐1‐deficient Jurkat T‐cell line. The J.Vav1 cell line exhibits dramatic defects in TCR‐dependent interleukin (IL)‐2 promoter activation, accompanied by significant reductions in the activities of the NFAT(IL‐2), NFκB, AP‐1 and REAP transcription factors that bind to the IL‐2 promoter region. In contrast, loss of Vav‐1 had variable effects on early TCR‐stimulated signaling events. J.Vav1 cells display a selective defect in sustained Ca2+ signaling during TCR stimulation, and complementation of this abnormality by exogenously introduced Vav‐1 is dependent on the Vav‐1 calponin homology domain. While JNK activation was severely impaired, the stimulation of Ras, ERK and protein kinase C‐θ activities, as well as the mobilization of lipid rafts, appeared normal in the J.Vav1 cells. Finally, evidence is presented to suggest that the alternative Vav family members, Vav‐2 and Vav‐3, are activated during TCR ligation, and partially compensate for the loss of Vav‐1 in Jurkat T cells.
Understanding tissue expression evolution: from expression phylogeny to phylogenetic network

Our understanding of tissue expression evolution in multi-cellular model organisms has been considerably advanced with the help of high-throughput technologies from EST, microarray to RNA-seq. Yet, many controversies remained unsolved, ranging from the evolutionary patterns of tissue expressions to expression phylogenetic analysis. Moreover, despite numerous reports published, it is desirable to have a general framework for study of tissue expression evolution. In this article, we first provide an up-to-date and concise review for the study of tissue expression evolution in multi-cellular organisms. While the expression phylogeny of the same tissues sampled from closely or intermediately related species largely reflects the species phylogeny, we demonstrate that phylogenetic network approach may shed some lights for our understanding of the developmental similarity and evolutionary relatedness during the multi-tissue evolution.
Association of early adult modifiable cardiovascular risk factors with left atrial size over a 20-year follow-up period: the CARDIA study

Objectives We investigate how early adult and 20-year changes in modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (MRF) predict left atrial dimension (LAD) at age 43–55 years. Methods The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study enrolled black and white adults (1985–1986). We included 2903 participants with echocardiography and MRF assessment in follow-up years 5 and 25. At years 5 and 25, LAD was assessed by M-mode echocardiography, then indexed to body surface area (BSA) or height. Blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), heart rate (HR), smoking, alcohol use, diabetes and physical activity were defined as MRF. Associations of MRF with LAD were assessed using multivariable regression adjusted for age, ethnicity, gender and year-5 left atrial (LA) size. Results The participants were 30±4 years; 55% white; 44% men. LAD and LAD/height were modest but significantly higher over the follow-up period, but LAD/BSA decreased slightly. Increased baseline and 20-year changes in BP were related to enlargement of LAD and indices. Higher baseline and changes in BMI were also related to higher LAD and LAD/height, but the opposite direction was found for LAD/BSA. Increase in baseline HR was related to lower LAD but not LAD indices, when only baseline covariates were included in the model. However, baseline and 20-year changes in HR were significantly associated to LA size. Conclusions In a biracial cohort of young adults, the most robust predictors for LA enlargement over a 20-year follow-up period were higher BP and BMI. However, an inverse direction was found for the relationship between BMI and LAD/BSA. HR showed an inverse relation to LA size.
A novel regulatory protein governing biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis

Production of an extracellular matrix is a hallmark of biofilm formation. In the spore‐forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis, the matrix consists of an exopolysaccharide, which is specified by the epsA–O operon, and a secreted protein TasA, which is encoded by the yqxM‐sipW‐tasA operon. Past and present evidence establish that the epsA–O and yqxM‐sipW‐tasA operons are controlled by the repressor proteins SinR and AbrB. Here, we report the identification of a novel regulatory protein Slr that promotes transcription of the yqxM‐sipW‐tasA operon but is not needed for expression of the epsA–O operon. We further show that the gene for Slr is itself under the negative control of SinR and AbrB. These findings reveal that matrix production is governed by an intricate network involving the interplay of negatively and positively acting regulatory proteins.
Knowledge creation, business and art: exploring the contradictions and commonalities

Abstract For over a decade, knowledge management (KM), a strand of strategic management, has studied the nature and role of knowledge in social groupings such as modern organizations. The result is a significant pool of insights, some useful, a few rhetorical, simplistic and shallow. This article examines four knowledge creation theories in KM and illustrates how some of the insights useful in business contexts could apply to the creative and practice-led disciplines (CPD), especially the arts and design. At first sight, the gap between these disciplines seems wide. However, they share many commonalities and interests, as strategic management field is also multi-disciplinary, practice-based and regards creativity as imperative. This article illustrates that KM could provide valuable insights on issues such as the processes of knowledge creation in complex contexts, and CPD could also inform strategic and KM discourse by offering unique approaches for tapping into, and vivid explications of communicating, tacit knowledge at individual or group level. Demonstrating these insights' potential value beyond the boundaries of their original disciplines indicates some degree of transdisciplinary significance, which will hopefully stimulate further thoughts and more in-depth studies amongst scholars of both camps.
Entertaining International Visitors—The Hybrid Nature of Tourism Shows

Given that a post-modern perspective of tourism has introduced a new gaze of the destination as a construction of both visitor perception and supplier commodification, the language of cultural compression and place displacement has become commonplace. It has almost become a cliché to argue that tourism deconstructs history, fact and fantasy to re-assemble a hybrid that nonetheless can generate an experiential authenticity. Yet the tourism academic literature has been comparatively silent about the construction of theatre entertainment for visitors outside of a critique of indigenous peoples' cultural performance. This paper examines the ways in which a Japanese venture based upon Dutch architecture seeks to entertain an audience that is a mix of domestic and international visitors through an evening theatre entertainment titled An Eastern Odyssey. The nature of plot and presentation is examined in an effort to develop a set of reference points to illustrate how a cast comprising primarily non-Japanese performers develops a story with a mix of reference points as diverse as Gilbert and Sullivan to Star Wars via the Japanese tradition of Kabuki in order to overcome language differences and incomprehensibilities. It is argued that constructed reference points produce a show that communicates over cultural distances by reference to a hybrid of popular cultures. Yet, this hybrid is itself a package distanced from the cultures of its audiences by bridgeable nuances to develop a touristic dramatology of fantasy and spectacle. Within a trilogy of fantasies, production, the nature of Huis Ten Bosch and arguably a financial fantasy, An Eastern Odyssey becomes itself a metaphor for much post-modern tourism.
School Performance: A Matter of Health or Socio-Economic Background? Findings from the PIAMA Birth Cohort Study

Background Performance in primary school is a determinant of children’s educational attainment and their socio-economic position and health inequalities in adulthood. We examined the relationship between five common childhood health conditions (asthma symptoms, eczema, general health, frequent respiratory infections, and overweight), health related school absence and family socio-economic status on children’s school performance. Methods We used data from 1,865 children in the Dutch PIAMA birth cohort study. School performance was measured as the teacher’s assessment of a suitable secondary school level for the child, and the child’s score on a standardized achievement test (Cito Test). Both school performance indicators were standardised using Z-scores. Childhood health was indicated by eczema, asthma symptoms, general health, frequent respiratory infections, overweight, and health related school absence. Children’s health conditions were reported repeatedly between the age of one to eleven. School absenteeism was reported at age eleven. Highest attained educational level of the mother and father indicated family socio-economic status. We used linear regression models with heteroskedasticity-robust standard errors for our analyses with adjustment for sex of the child. Results The health indicators used in our study were not associated with children’s school performance, independently from parental educational level, with the exception of asthma symptoms (-0.03 z-score / -0.04 z-score with Cito Test score after adjusting for respectively maternal and paternal education) and missing more than 5 schooldays due to illness (-0.18 z-score with Cito Test score and -0.17 z-score with school level assessment after adjustment for paternal education). The effect estimates for these health indicators were much smaller though than the effect estimates for parental education, which was strongly associated with children’s school performance. Conclusion Children’s school performance was affected only slightly by a number of common childhood health problems, but was strongly associated with parental education.