Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Survival of Complete Coverage Tooth-Retained Fixed Lithium Disilicate Prostheses: A Systematic Review

Background and objectives: Porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) prostheses are considered the gold standard for the replacement of missing teeth, however, these have several drawbacks. Therefore, lithium disilicate (LDS) prostheses have been introduced for the construction of fixed crowns and bridges. The aim of this systematic review was to ascertain the long-term survival of LDS fixed prostheses in comparison to other materials. Materials and methods: The focused question was ‘In patients who have undergone prosthodontic treatment (participants), what are the overall survival rate of lithium disilicate (LDS) crowns and fixed bridges; and how do they relate to survival rates of non-LDS similar restoration are the survival and com-plication rates (outcomes) of LDS-based fixed prostheses with complete coverage (intervention) higher or lower when compared to non-LDS materials (controls)? ’. An electronic search was conducted in PubMED/Medline, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov for articles published between January 2006 and August 2022 using appropriate MeSH terms and keywords. The following types of studies were included: (1) All types of prospective clinical studies; (2) Clinical studies focusing on the survival of fixed LDS bridges and crowns; (3) Studies using natural teeth with complete coverage as abutment for fixed LDS bridges and crowns; and (4) Studies in English. The following studies were excluded: (1) Laboratory/in vitro studies and studies on LDS prostheses with no description of outcomes or survival rates; (2) Commentaries; (3) Letters to the editor; (4) Reviews; and (5) Internal data from manufacturers. The data from included studies were extracted and the risk of bias was assessed within the studies using ROBINS-I. Results: A total of 25 studies were included in this systematic review. The overall 5-year and 10-year survival rates were of 95–100% and 71.4–100%, respectively. Generally, three-unit bridges had a significantly lower survival rate over 5 and 10 years compared to single-unit crowns. Overall, the risk of bias in the included studies was moderate. Conclusions: The LDS-based complete coverage prostheses have a survival rate ranging between 48.6% and 100%. Furthermore, due to the lack of comparative studies, the long-term function and survival of LDS prostheses compared to other material prosthesis (PFM and ZrO) is debatable.
Metrics-driven successful strategy by emergency and radiology driven task force to mitigate global CT contrast media shortage in a safety net hospital

Iodinated contrast media (ICM) shortages and secondary supply chain problems due to Coronavirus Disease lockdowns in China significantly impacted radiology operations nationwide. The lack of ICM necessitated operational workflow changes designed to ration contrast use, particularly in the hospital setting. In this manuscript, we share our strategic methods with advanced process/outcome metrics to monitor the effectiveness of our strategy under a coordinated multidisciplinary team effort. Alternate studies such as substituting magnetic resonance angiography for computed tomographic angiography for emergency department patients were studied to measure the suitability of these examinations for specific diagnoses. This article presents readers with a comprehensive crisis management strategy deployed at our institution, emphasizing various options with a limited ICM supply, and minimizing the impact on clinical care.
A detailed dust energy balance study of the Sombrero galaxy

Abstract The Sombrero galaxy (M104) is an interesting object for a dust energy balance study due to its very symmetric dust lane, its proximity and its (nearly edge-on) inclination of 84°. From a panchromatic radiative transfer analysis, including scattering, absorption and thermal dust re-emission, we construct a standard model for M104 accounting for observations in the optical wave bands (stellar SED, images and extinction profiles in the V and RC band). This standard model underestimates the observed dust emission at infrared wavelengths by a factor of ~ 3, similar to the discrepancy found in other energy balance studies of edge-on spirals. Supplementing this standard model with a young stellar component of low star formation activity in both the inner disk (SFR ~ 0.21 M⊙ yr−1) and dust ring (SFR ~ 0.05 M⊙ yr−1), we are capable of solving the discrepancy in the dust energy budget of the Sombrero galaxy at wavelengths shortwards of 100 μm. To account for the remaining discrepancy at longer wavelengths, we propose a secondary dust component distributed in quiescent clumps. This model with a clumpy dust structure predicts three-quarters of the total dust content to reside in compact dust clouds with no associated embedded sources.
Interaction of an Oblique Incident Elastic Wave With a Pair of Surface-Breaking Cracks

In this paper, the authors study a two-dimensional in-plane problem in the context of an oblique incident plane wave in the presence of two (parallel) surface-breaking vertical cracks. An analytical approach is developed that permits reducing the problem to a system of two integral equations with respect to the normal and tangential opening of the crack faces. The system is investigated numerically for a wide range of the frequency parameter. It is shown that with the choice of an appropriate pair of cracks it is possible to arrange the control of the free-surface vibrational amplitude.
Novel Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Moderate to Severe Mitral Stenosis: A Systematic Review

The use of novel oral anticoagulants (NOAC) in patients with moderate to severe mitral stenosis (MS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) is not recommended. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NOAC usage compared to vitamin K antagonist (VKA) in patients with moderate to severe MS and AF. We conducted a systematic review to identify articles that compared warfarin to NOAC in patients with moderate to severe MS and AF. Only four studies (two observational studies and two trials) met our search criteria and reported a total of 7529 patients with MS and AF with MS and AF, 4138 of them treated with NOAC. In both observational studies, the severity of MS was not determined, and there was heterogeneity in MS etiology. Nevertheless, both studies showed a positive signal toward the efficacy and safety of NOAC compared to VKA in this population. A randomized pilot trial (n=40) was done on patients with moderate to severe MS, and it showed further acceptable efficacy and safety for rivaroxaban use. However, a larger randomized controlled trial (n=4531) disclosed that VKA (warfarin) led to a significantly lower rate of a composite of cardiovascular events or mortality than rivaroxaban, without a higher rate of major bleeding but not fatal bleeding. Our systematic review provides exploratory information on NOAC safety and effectiveness in patients with MS; it also discourages using NOACs for patients with moderate to severe MS and supports the current treatment guidelines. However, more dedicated clinical trials evaluating the use of NOACs in moderate to severe MS are underway. They will categorically establish the safety profile and clinical effectiveness of NOAC in this high-risk population.
Femtosecond Laser 4D Printing of Light‐Driven Intelligent Micromachines

Intelligent micromachines that respond to external light stimuli have a broad range of potential applications, such as microbots, biomedicine, and adaptive optics. However, artificial light‐driven intelligent micromachines with a low actuation threshold, rapid responsiveness, and designable and precise 3D transformation capability remain unachievable to date. Here, a single‐material and one‐step 4D printing strategy are proposed to enable the nanomanufacturing of agile and low‐threshold light‐driven 3D micromachines with programmable shape‐morphing characteristics. The as‐developed carbon nanotube‐doped composite hydrogel simultaneously enhanced the light absorption, thermal conductivity, and mechanical modulus of the crosslinked network, thus significantly increasing the light sensitivity and response speed of micromachines. Moreover, the structural design and assembly of asymmetric microscale mechanical metamaterial unit cells enable the highly efficient additive nanomanufacturing of 3D shape‐morphable micromachines with large dynamic modulation and spatiotemporal controllability. Using this strategy, the world's smallest artificial beating heart with programmable light‐stimulus responsiveness for the cardiac cycle is successfully printed. This 4D printing method paves the way for the construction of multifunctional intelligent micromachines for bionics, drug delivery, integrated microsystems, and other fields.
New Parking Lot Selection Approach Based on the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Methods: Health Criteria

To find a parking space, valet parking drivers have to travel a lot, which leads to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. In order to reduce these emissions, it is essential to understand a user’s needs and criteria when searching for a parking space. Several selection criteria are considered when allocating a parking space. Recent research on parking space management mentions several parameters that have an impact on the choice of a parking space: namely, the traffic situation, the availability of each parking lot in question, and the cost of parking, etc. In this article, we discuss a new criterion: the physical condition of the driver in the management of parking spaces; the identification of the driver’s bodily fragility. We also propose MCDM as a parking space allocation model that best meets the cost–benefit convention. This reflection leads us to evaluate MCDM methods in the field of intelligent parking management. Therefore, we conducted a comparison between the most recent multi-criteria decision making methods used by researchers, namely, CODA, EDAS, TOPSIS, and WASPAS. The CRITIC method was used in this paper to objectively determine the weight of each criterion. A new approach is proposed to evaluate and select the best MCDM method. Indeed, we propose a method that computes the “average inter-item correlation SW”, a combination of the “average inter-item correlation” and the SW coefficient. This approach allows us to efficiently compute the correlation between a method and the set of methods while favoring the cells with the best ranking. A case study is presented to illustrate the MCDM approach to parking space allocation and evaluation. The proposed system provides drivers with services such as intelligent parking decisions, taking into account the human aspect while reducing energy consumption, driving time, and traffic congestion caused by searching for available parking spaces.
Identification of liquid crystalline phases in 7O.O9 compound based on structural similarity index measure

Textural analysis is done in the case of the thermotropic liquid crystal (LC), 4-heptyloxybenzylidene-4′-nonyloxyaniline, 7O.O9, using a polarising microscope attached with a hot stage with a high-resolution camera. Natural images are highly structured: their pixels exhibit strong dependencies and carry important information about the structure of the objects. In this article, we consider the structural similarity index measure parameter computed as a function of the temperature. The results exhibit abrupt changes with temperature showing different liquid crystalline phases. This statistical image analysis is compared with the differential scanning calorimeter data and good agreement was found. The proposed methodology is very sensitive and reliable technique to identify the LC phases.
Hybrid digital twin for conditional lubricant oil transport simulation and oil consumption prediction in internal combustion engines

Reducing lubricant oil consumption (LOC) has long been an interest to engine manufacturers in an effort to reduce overall emissions from internal combustion (IC) engines. However, directly correlating engine operating conditions with LOC rates is a challenging task given its complex and multi-physics nature. Building on previous experimental observations and modeling efforts, a baseline hybrid model, which combines traditional physics-based numerical simulation with modern machine learning techniques, was developed. As the first step, the model is to compute the oil exiting the top ring gap with given oil supply rate and locations to the second land. Studies performed using the model reveal a strong dependency of LOC on engine speed, load as well as the relative locations of piston ring gaps. In particular, the close proximity of the oil source on second land to the top ring gap and the reverse gas flow at low load conditions can both induce high LOC. Piston ring gap rotations and the different oil supply mechanisms to the piston ring pack are also found to heavily influence the oil consumption behavior and oil film thickness distribution pattern. The present work is the first step to a more comprehensive model for predicting LOC for healthy systems of piston ring packs. The efficiency of the model made it possible to study the oil redistribution that takes many engine cycles to reach equilibrium and rotation of the ring gaps that could happen in reality at a time scale of minutes and even longer.
Effect of knife castration on leukocyte cytokine expression and indicators of stress, pain, and inflammation in Korean cattle bull calves

Objective This study investigated the effects of surgical castration on behavior, physiological and inflammatory indicators, and leukocyte cytokine mRNA levels in Korean cattle bull calves. Methods Nineteen Korean cattle bull calves (average body weight, 254.5 kg; average age, 8.2 months) were divided into two treatment groups: control (n = 9) and castration (n = 10). Surgical castration was performed using Newberry knives and a Henderson castrating tool. Blood was obtained just before castration (0 h) and at 0.5 h, 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, and 14 d after castration. Plasma cortisol (PC), saliva cortisol (SC), plasma substance P, and plasma haptoglobin concentrations, and the leucocyte mRNA levels of the interleukin-1-alpha (IL1A), interleukin-1-beta (IL1B), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN), and interleukin-6 (IL6) genes were analyzed. Results Castration decreased (p<0.01) the average daily gain and gain/feed ratio. Castration reduced the time spent eating (p<0.001) and the eating frequency (p<0.01) and increased (p<0.001) the lying frequency. Castration temporarily increased (p<0.05) circulating PC and SC concentrations at 0.5 h after castration. Castration temporarily increased (p<0.05) plasma substance P concentrations at 1 d after castration. Castration increased (p<0.05) plasma haptoglobin concentrations at 1 and 3 d after castration. Castration increased (p< 0.05) leukocyte mRNA levels of the IL1A, IL1B, IL1RN, and IL6 genes at 6 h after castration. Conclusion Castration temporarily induced stress and expression of leucocyte inflammatory cytokine genes in Korean cattle bull calves.
Modelling and non-linear feedback stabilization of a two-wheel vehicle

Abstract This paper deals with the modelling and control of a two-wheel vehicle (B2). The wheels of the B2 are connected to the side of the chassis via gearboxes and motors, and rotate around the same axis. This arrangement is different from that of a bicycle where the wheels rotate around parallel axes and are aligned with the chassis. The B2 has many advantages, namely zero pollution since the motors are electrical, high manoeuvrability given its size and relatively low cost. A non-linear dynamic model is derived and used in the control design process. The control techniques used in this work are based on energy and angular momentum zeroing. In the case of energy zeroing, a non-linear control law is used to bring the states near the desired position, where a second linear controller takes over to make the states converge towards the desired position. The second controller is based on momentum zeroing and is able to bring the states to their desired position without switching. The simulation results presented in this paper show the success of both control schemes in stabilizing the B2 vehicle.
Development of airborne moving target radar for long range surveillance

The following topics are discussed in the context of the development of an airborne moving target radar for long range surveillance: US Navy long range shipborne radar; Cadillac I airborne early warning (AEW) radar; Cadillac II airborne early warning (AEW) radar; airborne moving target indicating (AMTI) radar; related post-war radar activities; and the invention of the displaced center antenna. Among the topics studied is the use of a monopulse antenna in an MTI radar to remove the degradation of the MTI caused by rapid scanning of the antenna. A method of using a monopulse antenna for motion compensation in airborne MTI is discussed. >
Estimating mixture of dirichlet process models

Abstract Current Gibbs sampling schemes in mixture of Dirichlet process (MDP) models are restricted to using “conjugate” base measures that allow analytic evaluation of the transition probabilities when resampling configurations, or alternatively need to rely on approximate numeric evaluations of some transition probabilities. Implementation of Gibbs sampling in more general MDP models is an open and important problem because most applications call for the use of nonconjugate base measures. In this article we propose a conceptual framework for computational strategies. This framework provides a perspective on current methods, facilitates comparisons between them, and leads to several new methods that expand the scope of MDP models to nonconjugate situations. We discuss one in detail. The basic strategy is based on expanding the parameter vector, and is applicable for MDP models with arbitrary base measure and likelihood. Strategies are also presented for the important class of normal-normal MDP models and.
Change of the wintertime multidecadal land precipitation variability in the mid‐1970s in the observation and CMIP6 simulations

The wintertime multidecadal land precipitation (WMLP) variability is obtained using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition, and then the leading spatial pattern and temporal evolution of the WMLP in the northern hemisphere during the period of 1891–2014 are investigated. The time series shows a pronounced enhancement of the variability since the mid‐1970s, coincident with the 1976/1977 climate transition, with the variance increasing from 0.33 in the former period (P1) to 2.57 in the latter period (P2). The spatial structure in P2 resembles that in the entire period. The precipitation anomaly is positive in the North America between 30° and 50°N, South America and southern Europe; while it is negative in the southern North America, majority of Russia, Arabian Peninsula, Iran and South China. However, the spatial pattern in P1 differs from the entire period. An Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO)‐like sea surface temperature (SST) variability in cold phase and an Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)‐like SST variability in warm phase are associated with the leading mode of WMLP in P2 and the entire period. Yet, the relationship of IPO and AMO on the WMLP is barely found in P1. The in‐phase change of IPO and AMO in P1 may contribute to the smaller amplitude of WMLP variability in P1. In the end, the coupled models from CMIP6 historical runs are evaluated. The good‐models average is superior to any single good model in capturing the observed spatial features of WMLP in both P1 and P2. The poor‐models average performs better than any single poor model. Both good‐ and poor‐models averages are able to reproduce the IPO‐ and AMO‐like SST variabilities in P2.
Clear Evidence of Reconnection Inflow of a Solar Flare

We found an important piece of evidence for magnetic reconnection inflow in a flare on 1999 March 18. The flare occurred on the northeast limb, displaying a nice cusp-shaped soft X-ray loop and a plasmoid ejection typical for the long-duration events. The EUV observation of the same flare shows us a bubble-like void ejection. The core of this EUV void corresponds to the soft X-ray plasmoid. Moreover, as this void is ejected, magnetic reconnection occurs at the disconnecting point. A clear ongoing pattern toward the magnetic X-point is seen. The velocity of this apparent motion is about 5 km s-1, which is an upper limit on reconnection inflow speed. Based on this observation, we derive the reconnection rate as MA = 0.001-0.03, where MA is an Alfvén Mach number of the inflow.
Methods of Modeling of Strongly Correlated Electron Systems

The discovery of high-Tc superconductivity in cuprates in 1986 moved strongly correlated systems from exotic worlds interesting only for pure theorists to the focus of solid-state research. In recent decades, the majority of hot topics in condensed matter physics (high-Tc superconductivity, colossal magnetoresistance, multiferroicity, ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductors, etc.) have been related to strongly correlated transition metal compounds. The highly successful electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory lose their predictive power when applied to such compounds. It is necessary to go beyond the mean field approximation and use the many-body theory. The methods and models that were developed for the description of strongly correlated systems are reviewed together with the examples of response function calculations that are needed for the interpretation of experimental information (inelastic neutron scattering, optical conductivity, resonant inelastic X-ray scattering, electron energy loss spectroscopy, angle-resolved photoemission, electron spin resonance, and magnetic and magnetoelectric properties). The peculiarities of (quasi-) 0-, 1-, 2-, and 3- dimensional systems are discussed.
Molecular-dynamics study of energy flow and the Kapitza conductance across an interface with imperfection formed by two dielectric thin films

A molecular-dynamics study of the flow of thermal and mechanical energies and the Kapitza conductance across both ideal and imperfect interfaces formed by two dielectric thin films is presented. The numerical experiments were achieved on a three-dimensional lattice configuration consisting of two kinds of fcc lattice particles having, respectively, Lennard-Jones and Morse interaction potentials. The degree of discrepancy between the two films was realized through altering the parameter of the interaction potential. Interfacial imperfections due to interdiffusion and a vacancy were considered. An effective computational procedure was proposed to release the initial stress induced by forming the two-layered structure. Results show that a large temperature jump occurred at the interface, and that the interfacial resistance dominated the effective conductivity of the whole film. Both the Kapitza conductance and the effective conductivity of the whole film decreased with the increase of the discrepancy between the two films, as well as decreased with the increase of the degree of disorder around the interface. With the increase of the system temperature, the temperature jump at the interface decreased and the Kapitza conductance increased. The effective conductivity, however, first increased then decreased with temperature. A peak conductivity was thus observed. The process of the energy transition for the pulsed, propagating elastic, and thermal energies, especially at the duration of passing through the interface, was demonstrated. The transmission coefficient of the energy through the interface was calculated, and the transformation of the energy from elastic to thermal was illustrated.