Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Insecticide resistance in field populations of Asian citrus psyllid in Florida.

BACKGROUND Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri, is a major pest of citrus because it vectors the putative causal agent of huanglongbing disease. Insecticides are currently the basis of psyllid management programs, and the number of annual insecticide applications has increased significantly. In this paper, a series of investigations of insecticide resistance among field populations of adult and immature ACP in Florida is described. RESULTS In 2009, the highest level of resistance for adult ACP, as compared with the laboratory susceptible (LS) population, was found with imidacloprid with an LD(50) resistance ratio (RR(50) ) of 35 in one population. This was followed by chlorpyriphos (RR(50) = 17.9, 13.3, 11.8 and 6.9), thiamethoxam (RR(50) = 15 and 13), malathion (RR(50) = 5.4 and 5.0) and fenpropathrin (RR(50) = 4.8). In 2010, mortality of adults from all five sites sampled was lower than with the LS population at three diagnostic concentrations of each insecticide tested. Among nymph populations, indications of resistance were observed with carbaryl (RR(50) = 2.9), chlorpyriphos (RR(50) = 3.2), imidacloprid (RR(50) = 2.3 and 3.9) and spinetoram (RR(50) = 4.8 and 5.9). General esterase, glutathione S-transferase and monooxygenase levels were also elevated in field-collected adult and nymph ACP as compared with the LS population. CONCLUSION The present results suggest that varying levels of insecticide susceptibility exist in ACP populations across the citrus-growing areas of Florida. Increased levels of detoxifying enzymes in these populations may partially explain these differences. The present results indicate that insecticide resistance may become an emerging problem for ACP control if effective resistance management is not practiced.
Socially Embedded Identities: Theories, Typologies, and Processes of Racial Identity among Black/White Biracials

Current research on racial identity construction among biracial people derives primarily from small convenience samples and assumes that individuals with one black and one white parent have only two options for racial identity: “black” or “biracial. ” Rockquemore's (1999) taxonomy of racial identity options is used as a framework to synthesize existing research and to generate hypotheses that are explored using survey data from a sample of 177 biracial respondents. The findings support a multidimensional view of racial identity by illustrating that biracial people make various identity choices, albeit “choices” that are differentially available due to an individual's structural location.
Medication Nonadherence and the Risks of Hospitalization, Emergency Department Visits, and Death Among Medicare Part D Enrollees With Diabetes

The clinical benefits of intensive diabetes control using hypoglycemic agents, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) in managing diabetes and preventing diabetes-related complications have been well established in clinical trials and longitudinal studies. However, 3-10 adherence to treatment regimens with these medications among patients with diabetes remains
A Novel Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Role of Omeprazole to Block Gastric Ulcer through Scavenging of Hydroxyl Radical*

The mechanism of the antiulcer effect of omeprazole was studied placing emphasis on its role to block oxidative damage and apoptosis during ulceration. Dose-response studies on gastroprotection in stress and indomethacin-induced ulcer and inhibition of pylorus ligation-induced acid secretion indicate that omeprazole significantly blocks gastric lesions at lower dose (2.5 mg/kg) without inhibiting acid secretion, suggesting an independent mechanism for its antiulcer effect. Time course studies on gastroprotection and acid reduction also indicate that omeprazole almost completely blocks lesions at 1 h when acid inhibition is partial. The severity of lesions correlates well with the increased level of endogenous hydroxyl radical (⋅OH), which when scavenged by dimethyl sulfoxide causes around 90% reduction of the lesions, indicating that ⋅OH plays a major role in gastric damage. Omeprazole blocks stress-induced increased generation of ⋅OH and associated lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, indicating that its antioxidant role plays a major part in preventing oxidative damage. Omeprazole also prevents stress-induced DNA fragmentation, suggesting its antiapoptotic role to block cell death during ulceration. The oxidative damage of DNA by ⋅OH generated in vitro is also protected by omeprazole or its analogue, lansoprazole. Lansoprazole when incubated in a ⋅OH-generating system scavenges⋅OH to produce four oxidation products of which the major one in mass spectroscopy shows a molecular ion peak atm/z 385, which is 16 mass units higher than that of lansoprazole (m/z 369). The product shows no additional aromatic proton signal for aromatic hydroxylation in 1H NMR. The product absorbing at 278 nm shows no alkaline shift for phenols, thereby excluding the formation of hydroxylansoprazole. The product is assigned to lansoprazole sulfone formed by the addition of one oxygen atom at the sulfur center following attack by the ⋅OH. Thus, omeprazole plays a significant role in gastroprotection by acting as a potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic molecule.
Out-of-core rendering of massive geometric environments

We present an external memory algorithm for fast display of very large and complex geometric environments. We represent the model using a scene graph and employ different culling techniques for rendering acceleration. Our algorithm uses a parallel approach to render the scene as well as fetch objects from the disk in a synchronous manner. We present a novel prioritized prefetching technique that takes into account LOD-switching and visibility-based events between successive frames. We have applied our algorithm to large gigabyte-sized environments that are composed of thousands of objects and tens of millions of polygons. The memory overhead of our algorithm is output sensitive and is typically tens of megabytes. In practice, our approach scales with the model sizes, and its rendering performance is comparable to that of an in-core algorithm.
Investigating the impact of conference realignment on rivalry in intercollegiate athletics

The current study quantitatively investigated how fan perceptions and willingness to consider committing anonymous acts of aggression toward participants of the rival teams differed between a rival in a current conference and an anticipated one in a new conference. A sample of 168 online fans of teams affected by conference realignment were administered a survey containing the Sport Rivalry Fan Perception Scale (SRFPS: Havard, Gray, Gould, Sharp, 8c Schaffer, 2013) and questions regarding willingness to consider committing anonymous acts of aggression (Wann, Haynes, McLean, 8c Pullen, 2003; Wann, Petersen, Cothran, 8c Dykes, 1999; Wann 8c Waddill, in press). Two-way MANOVA revealed significant differences existed regarding one SRFPS subscale, and ANOVA indicated that fans were more likely to consider committing anonymous acts of aggression toward participants of the current than anticipated rival team. Discussion centers on academic and sport marketing implications of the findings and potential areas for future research
Study of DNA Sequence Analysis Using DSP Techniques

Recently there are greater advances in bioinformatics and genomic signal processing. Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications in genomic sequence analysis have received great attention in recent years. New methods are being developed to analyze Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. In order to use DSP principles to analyze DNA sequences, the DNA sequences should be converted into numeric sequences. Then the DSP algorithms are used in DNA analysis. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), digital filtering, Discrete wavelet transform (DWT), Parametric modeling and entreopy are some of the important DSP concepts used for DNA analysis. In this paper, we present a review of the DSP techniques used for DNA analysis. We have explained the required basics behind molecular biology. We have discussed about the applications of DSP in sequence analysis. The DSP techniques used in the literature are studied and their results are compared. 
Nonlinear Information-Theoretic Compressive Measurement Design

We investigate design of general nonlinear functions for mapping high-dimensional data into a lower-dimensional (compressive) space. The nonlinear measurements are assumed contaminated by additive Gaussian noise. Depending on the application, we are either interested in recovering the high-dimensional data from the nonlinear compressive measurements, or performing classification directly based on these measurements. The latter case corresponds to classification based on nonlinearly constituted and noisy features. The nonlinear measurement functions are designed based on constrained mutual-information optimization. New analytic results are developed for the gradient of mutual information in this setting, for arbitrary input-signal statistics. We make connections to kernel-based methods, such as the support vector machine. Encouraging results are presented on multiple datasets, for both signal recovery and classification. The nonlinear approach is shown to be particularly valuable in high-noise scenarios.
No improvement in injection frequency or in visual outcome over time in two cohorts of patients from the same Swedish county treated for wet age-related macular degeneration

Background Although ranibizumab has been used for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) since 2007, real-world studies still report undertreatment resulting in a less favorable visual outcome. In this study, two different time cohorts of patients treated with ranibizumab for wet AMD in routine care were analyzed to observe whether there was a change over time regarding visual outcome, injection frequency, and quality of life (QoL). Methods We compared patients with treatment-naïve wet AMD in two observational follow-up cohorts 2007–2010 (n=50 patients) and 2009–2013 (n=26). After a loading dose of three intravitreal ranibizumab injections, the patients were treated under the pro re nata regimen. Visual acuity (VA) was examined by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts. The National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire 25 was answered by patients at baseline and at 37±7 months (cohort 1) and at 45±4 months (cohort 2). Results At baseline, the cohorts were homogeneous considering mean age (76±7 vs 75±8 years), mean VA (53±14 vs 52±15 ETDRS letters), and mean self-reported symptom duration (14±11 vs 13±11 weeks). Mean VA decreased in both cohorts over time, from 53±14 to 45±24 letters (P=0.011) and from 52±15 to 46±22 letters (P=0.175), respectively. The patients received a mean of 8±5 and 9±7 injections, respectively. The mean composite score change from baseline to follow-up decreased in cohort 1 from 64±21 to 59±25 scores (P=0.04) but increased in cohort 2 from 64±28 to 67±23 scores (P=0.38). Conclusion We could not demonstrate any improvement in the number of injections in two different time cohorts of patients treated with ranibizumab for wet AMD in a Swedish county. Visual outcomes decreased after 3 years of follow-up, but QoL scores were divergent.
A Strategy Implementing System for Secure Ad hoc Networks

In most existing trust evaluation studies, a single value is computed based on the ratings given to a service provider to indicate the current trust level. In MANETs, multicast group members frequently change due to node mobility; therefore, supporting secure authentication and authorization in a multicast MANET is more critical than that in a wired network with a centralized certificate authentication (CA) server. This paper thus proposes a twostep secure authentication approach for multicast MANETs. In particular, we examine routing attacks, such as link spoofing and colluding misrelay attacks, as well as countermeasures against such attacks in existing MANET protocols. We seek to combine the notions of “social trust” derived from social networks with “quality-of-service (QoS) trust” derived from information and communication networks to obtain a composite trust metric. A distributed scheme is designed to acquire, maintain, and update trust records associated with the behaviors of nodes’ forwarding packets and the behaviors of making recommendations about other nodes. Simulations show that the proposed trust evaluation system can significantly improve the network throughput as well as effectively detect malicious behaviors in ad hoc networks.
Self-study of an elementary generalist physical education teacher educator: school-integrated teacher education and structural coupling

This paper will focus on my last 8 years of teaching generalist pre-service teachers (GPTs) to teach elementary physical education (PE) within a school-integrated teacher education (SITE) course design. Self-study as a method of inquiry will be used to chart structural shifts in the course and my assumptions about teaching GPTs how to teach PE based on the (1) changes made to course structure, (2) aspects of the environment that afforded these opportunities to change, and (3) events that emerged that indicated the changes should become permanent aspects of the course. It is proposed that situating aspects of the course in a local school triggered these changes. Scholarly articles written on the SITE course, GPT comments and critical anecdotes on core experiences in the course are used to describe and reflect upon the evolution of the teacher education course to its present iteration, embracing complexity thinking as an organising construct. The paper concludes by describing how my learning to decentre my role as teacher, moving away from the rationalist insistence on pre-determined learning outcomes and focusing instead on creating an effect on learners. In essence, learning to create the conditions in my course for learning to emerge in different ways for GPTs within a collective consciousness of becoming a teacher.
Organization performance and happiness in the context of leadership behavior (case study base on psychological well-beings)

Performance and happiness go hand in hand in creating a corporation flourishing. With each associate in nursing acceptable performance management system and a positive approach to influencing those who will increase happiness, associate in nursing organization’s key results will additional probably be achieved and sustained. Employee performance affects company performance, If you categorical clear expectations to your workers, each you and your company can relish augmented motivation and every one that interprets directly into clearly measurable goals, improved morale, a happier geographical point and better profits. See whether or not your company has all of the objectives of performance management in situ, and whether or not you’re really receiving all of the benefits! Business outcome measures are assessed as well as client satisfaction, worker performance and worker happiness. Each applied mathematics (regression analysis/p-values) and analysis are used retrospectively on knowledge collected over 3 years. The research paper explore the link between happiness and performance victimization a longtime leadership development program designed to extend the amount of happy – high performers in a company inside an outsized international corporation. There are, however, implications for leadership, future analysis regarding happy – high performance and teaching. Leaders recognized their impact on worker happiness and 1 Universidad Azteca / Mexico, E-mail: edemircioglu@hotmail.de International Research Journal of York University http://www.irjyu. com ISSN 2373-3314 Vol.1, No.1, 2014 Organization performance and happiness in the context of leadership behavior Emre Demircioglu pp: 47 72 P a g e : 4 8 performance and learned however happiness are often evaluated in reference to a lot of ancient business measures. The everyday method of educational theory preceding field application is reversed during this field study. The observations from the sector might interest practitioners and stimulate academics to any study happy – high performance in workplace settings. Trends within the applied mathematics knowledge, leadership feedback and responses from a “Happiness Index” establish many themes including: (1) happiness and performance tend to maneuver within the same direction, (2) high play acting staff manufacture glad customers, and (3) happy staff end in glad customers. the tiny sample size, retrospective nature of the analysis and lack of a longitudinal approach cause the results and conclusions to be strained.
Human Skin Cancer Recognition and Classification by Unified Skin Texture and Color Features

: In this paper we have proposed a novel method called automatic segmentation of skin lesion in conventional macroscopic images. Many approaches have been proposed to determine the skin cancer. An extensive literature survey is done to study the state-of-art techniques for skin cancer recognition; level set active contours (LSAC), skin lesion segmentation (SLS) and multidirectional gradient vector flow (MGVF) have given considerable results. A technique based on stochastic region merging (SRM) and region adjacency graph (RAG) is adopted in the proposed method. Segmenting the skin lesion from macroscopic images is a very challenging problem due to some factor such as, illumination variation, presence of hair, irregular skin color variation and multiple unhealthy skin regions. To solve all these factors we have introduced a new approach called novel iterative stochastic region merging likelihood for segmenting the skin lesion from macroscopic images based on the discrete wavelet transformation (DWT).
A fully integrated continuous-time 1Hz low-pass filter with high dynamic range and low distortion

A first order 1Hz integrated filter needing no external components is described. It uses an on-chip capacitor of 100pF and a new differential transconductance amplifier which allows direct implementation of very small transconductances by using MOS transistors in their triode region. This furthermore makes the filter cutoff frequency electrically adjustable. The distortion is very low, less than 0.1% at 4Vpp input voltage. Also the signal-to-noise ratio is good, more than 80dB at 0.1% distortion. This is remarkable because the well-known high 1/f-noise level of MOS transistors is particularly severe at the very low frequencies of interest here.
Sequence variations of the human MPDZ gene and association with alcoholism in subjects with European ancestry.

BACKGROUND Mpdz gene variations are known contributors of acute alcohol withdrawal severity and seizures in mice. METHODS To investigate the relevance of these findings for human alcoholism, we resequenced 46 exons, exon-intron boundaries, and 2 kilobases in the 5' region of the human MPDZ gene in 61 subjects with a history of alcohol withdrawal seizures (AWS), 59 subjects with a history of alcohol withdrawal without AWS, and 64 Coriell samples from self-reported nonalcoholic subjects [all European American (EA) ancestry] and compared with the Mpdz sequences of 3 mouse strains with different propensity to AWS. To explore potential associations of the human MPDZ gene with alcoholism and AWS, single SNP and haplotype analyses were performed using 13 common variants. RESULTS Sixty-seven new, mostly rare variants were discovered in the human MPDZ gene. Sequence comparison revealed that the human gene does not have variations identical to those comprising Mpdz gene haplotype associated with AWS in mice. We also found no significant association between MPDZ haplotypes and AWS in humans. However, a global test of haplotype association revealed a significant difference in haplotype frequencies between alcohol-dependent subjects without AWS and Coriell controls (p = 0.015), suggesting a potential role of MPDZ in alcoholism and/or related phenotypes other than AWS. Haplotype-specific tests for the most common haplotypes (frequency > 0.05), revealed a specific high-risk haplotype (p = 0.006, maximum statistic p = 0.051), containing rs13297480G allele also found to be significantly more prevalent in alcoholics without AWS compared with nonalcoholic Coriell subjects (p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS Sequencing of MPDZ gene in individuals with EA ancestry revealed no variations in the sites identical to those associated with AWS in mice. Exploratory haplotype and single SNP association analyses suggest a possible association between the MPDZ gene and alcohol dependence but not AWS. Further functional genomic analysis of MPDZ variants and investigation of their association with a broader array of alcoholism-related phenotypes could reveal additional genetic markers of alcoholism.
Perceived Concerns of Azeri Menopausal Women in Iran

Background: Menopause is a complex biological phenomenon which is affected by socio-cultural and physiological factors. These factors may cause different experiences and concerns for menopausal women from different countries and even among women of diverse ethnic groups living in the same country. The signs and symptoms of menopause are exacerbated by the negative attitude of menopausal women and their deep concerns. Objectives: We aimed to explore self-experienced concerns of Iranian menopausal women residing in Tabriz. Materials and Methods: Phenomenological approach was used for analyzing the participants’ experiences and perceptions about menopause. Data were collected through 18 semi-structured in-depth interviews; carried out from February to July 2012. Participants were menopausal women aged between 46-57 years who experienced menopause no more than 4 years before the interview. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Constant comparative analysis of the data was conducted using MAXQDA 10. Results: Participants’ concerns were classified into 4 main themes, including: inability, aging, isolation, and healthiness. Conclusions: Understanding these concerns might contribute to the enrichment of the existing literature by providing evidences from a different culture, assisting to design effective supportive strategies, planning training programs and appropriate infrastructures for women to improve their quality of life during the menopausal period.
Structure-based ID Assignment for Sensor Networks

Summary A sensor network consists of a set of battery-powered nodes, which collaborate to perform sensing tasks in a given environment. Globally unique ID allocation is usually not applicable in a sensor network due to the massive production of cheap sensor nodes, the limited bandwidth, and the size of the payload. However, locally unique IDs are still necessary for nodes to implement communications to save energy consumption. Already several solutions have been proposed for locally unique ID assignment in sensor networks. However, they bring much communication overhead, and they are complex to implement. We present a structure-based algorithm to solve the unique ID assignment problem. This algorithm can save energy consumption by reducing communication overhead while IDs are assigned.
Prevalence of Metastasis at Diagnosis of Osteosarcoma: An International Comparison

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in many countries, with metastatic disease responsible for most patient deaths. This study compares the prevalence of metastatic OS at diagnosis across countries to inform the critical question of whether diagnostic delay or tumor biology drives metastases development prior to diagnosis.