Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Establishment and Validation of a Model for Fetal Neural Ischemia Using Necrotic Core-Free Human Spinal Cord Organoids

Abstract Fetal spinal cord ischemia is a serious medical condition that can result in significant neurological damage and adverse outcomes for the fetus. However, the lack of an appropriate experimental model has hindered the understanding of the pathology and the development of effective treatments. In our study, we established a system for screening drugs that affect fetal spinal cord ischemia using spinal cord organoids. Importantly, we produced necrotic core-free human spinal cord organoids (nf-hSCOs) by reducing the organoid size to avoid potential complications of spontaneous necrosis in large organoids. Exposing nf-hSCOs to CoCl2 as a hypoxia mimetic and hypoglycemic conditions resulted in significant neuronal damage, as assessed by multiple assay batteries. By utilizing this model, we tested chemicals that have been reported to exhibit beneficial effects in brain organoid-based ischemia models. Surprisingly, these chemicals did not provide sufficient benefit, and we discovered that rapamycin is a mild neuroprotective reagent for both axon degeneration and neuronal survival. We propose that nf-hSCO is suitable for large-scale screening of fetal neural ischemia due to its scalability, ease of ischemic induction, implementation of quantifiable assay batteries, and the absence of spontaneous necrosis.
The adverse effects of vitrification on mouse embryo development and metabolic phenotype in offspring

Embryo vitrification is a standard procedure in assisted reproductive technology. Previous studies have shown that frozen embryo transfer is associated with an elevated risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study aimed to explore the effects of mouse blastocyst vitrification on the phenotype of vitrified‐warmed blastocysts, their intrauterine and postnatal development, and the long‐term metabolic health of the derived offspring. The vitrified‐warmed blastocysts (IVF + VT group) exhibited reduced mitochondrial activity, increased apoptotic levels, and decreased cell numbers when compared to the fresh blastocysts (IVF group). Implantation rates, live pup rates, and crown‐rump length at E18.5 were not different between the two groups. However, there was a significant decrease in fetal weight and fetal/placental weight ratio in the IVF + VT group. Furthermore, the offspring of the IVF + VT group at an age of 36 weeks had reduced whole energy consumption, impaired glucose and lipid metabolism when compared with the IVF group. Notably, RNA‐seq results unveiled disturbed hepatic gene expression in the offspring from vitrified‐warmed blastocysts. This study revealed the short‐term negative impacts of vitrification on embryo and fetal development and the long‐term influence on glucose and lipid metabolism that persist from the prenatal stage into adulthood in mice.
FRAGSITE2: A structure and fragment‐based approach for virtual ligand screening

Protein function annotation and drug discovery often involve finding small molecule binders. In the early stages of drug discovery, virtual ligand screening (VLS) is frequently applied to identify possible hits before experimental testing. While our recent ligand homology modeling (LHM)‐machine learning VLS method FRAGSITE outperformed approaches that combined traditional docking to generate protein–ligand poses and deep learning scoring functions to rank ligands, a more robust approach that could identify a more diverse set of binding ligands is needed. Here, we describe FRAGSITE2 that shows significant improvement on protein targets lacking known small molecule binders and no confident LHM identified template ligands when benchmarked on two commonly used VLS datasets: For both the DUD‐E set and DEKOIS2.0 set and ligands having a Tanimoto coefficient (TC) < 0.7 to the template ligands, the 1% enrichment factor (EF1%) of FRAGSITE2 is significantly better than those for FINDSITEcomb2.0, an earlier LHM algorithm. For the DUD‐E set, FRAGSITE2 also shows better ROC enrichment factor and AUPR (area under the precision‐recall curve) than the deep learning DenseFS scoring function. Comparison with the RF‐score‐VS on the 76 target subset of DEKOIS2.0 and a TC < 0.99 to training DUD‐E ligands, FRAGSITE2 has double the EF1%. Its boosted tree regression method provides for more robust performance than a deep learning multiple layer perceptron method. When compared with the pretrained language model for protein target features, FRAGSITE2 also shows much better performance. Thus, FRAGSITE2 is a promising approach that can discover novel hits for protein targets. FRAGSITE2's web service is freely available to academic users at http://sites.gatech. edu/cssb/FRAGSITE2.
The Southern European Atlantic diet and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a European multicohort study

Abstract Aims The Southern European Atlantic diet (SEAD) is the traditional dietary pattern of northwestern Spain and northern Portugal, but it may resemble that of central, eastern, and western European countries. The SEAD has been found associated with lower risk of myocardial infarction and mortality in older adults, but it is uncertain whether this association also exists in other European populations and if it is similar as that found in its countries of origin. Methods and results We conducted a prospective analysis of four cohorts with 35 917 subjects aged 18–96 years: ENRICA (Spain), HAPIEE (Czechia and Poland), and Whitehall II (United Kingdom). The SEAD comprised fresh fish, cod, red meat and pork products, dairy, legumes and vegetables, vegetable soup, potatoes, whole-grain bread, and moderate wine consumption. Associations were adjusted for sociodemographic variables, energy intake, lifestyle, and morbidity. After a median follow-up of 13.6 years (range = 0–15), we recorded 4 973 all-cause, 1 581 cardiovascular, and 1 814 cancer deaths. Higher adherence to the SEAD was associated with lower mortality in the pooled sample. Fully adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval per 1-standard deviation increment in the SEAD were 0.92 (0.89, 0.95), 0.91 (0.86, 0.96), and 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) for all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality, respectively. The association of the SEAD with all-cause mortality was not significantly different between countries [Spain = 0.93 (0.88, 0.99), Czechia = 0.94 (0.89,0.99), Poland = 0.89 (0.85, 0.93), United Kingdom = 0.98 (0.89, 1.07); P for interaction = 0.16]. Conclusion The SEAD was associated with lower all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality in southern, central, eastern, and western European populations. Associations were of similar magnitude as those found for existing healthy dietary patterns.
Ceramic production and consumption in the Maya lowlands during the classic to postclassic transition: a technological study of ceramics at Lamanai, Belize.

This study investigates continuity and change in ceramic production and consumption during the Classic to Postclassic transition (c. A.D.750 - A.D.1050) at the Maya centre of Lamanai, a community that stands out for its continued prosperity during a time changing world conditions. It examines the ways in which community-based activities involving ceramics were affected by developments at a regional level, such as the disruption of networks of politico-economic relations, population migrations and military pressures. Variability in ceramics is examined in terms of vessel style, raw materials and technology, to reveal continuity and change in local manufacturing traditions, in addition to illuminating the provenance of a range of ceramics. In addressing these questions, an approach was adopted that integrates traditional macroscopic methods of examination with thin section petrography, neutron activation analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The mineralogical, chemical and structural data generated are interpreted in the light of archaeological and geological information, in order to reconstruct the community-level patterns of ceramic production and consumption. The research has produced a host of new information on ceramic change for the Terminal Classic to Early Postclassic period. The results of the study reveal a period of cultural transition within the community, marked by innovative ideas and their blending with well established pottery traditions. Local craft practice and consumption patterns point to significant changes in ritual and ceremonial practice, emphasising an interplay between these and the way in which pottery is manufactured. It is argued that these transformations in craft and ritual practice were triggered by a new emphasis on the creation and maintenance of a community identity.
Cytological features of human papillomavirus‐infected immature squamous metaplastic cells from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2

In reflex cytology, the presence of prominent nucleoli in immature metaplastic squamous cells (IM) may be underdiagnosed due to variations in interpretation. The aim of this study is to identify human papillomaviruses (HPVs) that infect IM clusters in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN2) on Papanicolaou (Pap) smears to determine the cytological features of lesion‐derived cells. Thirty‐two patients with a simultaneous diagnosis of CIN2 on biopsy and high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) on cytology as well as with IM clusters on HSIL smears were included. CIN2 tissues and HSIL and IM clusters on Pap smears were isolated by manual microdissection, and HPV types were identified by PCR‐based genotyping. The nuclear area within the IM clusters was also measured. The median nuclear area of HPV‐negative IM clusters was 48 μm2, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 0.20; those of HPV‐positive clusters were 66 μm2 and 0.34, respectively. The cut‐off values of the nuclear area and CV for HPV positivity were 62 μm2 and 0.25, respectively. IM clusters composed of cells with a nuclear area of more than twice that of neutrophils or cells with a wide variation in nuclear sizes are likely to be neoplastic cells caused by HPV.
A large database towards user-friendly SSVEP-based BCI

Background: Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have gained considerable attention for their potential in assisting individuals who have motor impairments with communication and rehabilitation. Among BCIs, steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based systems have demonstrated high efficiency in interactive applications. However, ergonomic design challenges have limited their practical implementation in industrial settings. Issues such as visual and mental fatigue caused by flickering stimuli and the time-consuming preparation process hinder user adoption of such systems. Methods: To evaluate these BCI solutions, we introduced an open database comprising Electroencephalogram (EEG) data collected from 59 healthy volunteers using ergonomically designed semi-dry electrodes and grid stimuli. The database was acquired without electromagnetic shielding, and the preparation time for each participant was <5 min. A 40-target SSVEP speller system with cues was used in the experiment. Results: We validate the database by temporal and spectral analyzing methods. To further investigate the database, filter bank canonical correlation analysis (FBCCA), ensemble task-related component analysis (e-TRCA) and multi-stimulus task-related component analysis (msTRCA) were used for classification. The database can be downloaded from the following link: https://drive.google. com/drive/folders/1TXuxU863nZoniZRgNWZy0PRuL8lhBuP4? usp=sharing. Conclusions: This research contributes to enhancing the use of SSVEP-based BCIs in practical settings by addressing user experience and system design challenges. The proposed user-friendly visual stimuli and ergonomic electrode design improve comfort and usability. The open dataset serves as a valuable resource for future studies, enabling the development of robust and efficient SSVEP- BCI systems suitable for industrial applications.
EEG connectivity analysis in infants: A Beginner’s Guide on Preprocessing and Processing Techniques

Over the last decades, infantile brain networks have received increased scientific attention due to the elevated need to understand better the maturational processes of the human brain and the early forms of neural abnormalities. Electroencephalography (EEG) is becoming a popular tool for the investigation of functional connectivity (FC) of the immature brain, as it is easily applied in awake, non-sedated infants. However, there are still no universally accepted standards regarding the preprocessing and processing analyses which address the peculiarities of infantile EEG data, resulting in comparability difficulties between different studies. Nevertheless, during the last few years, there is a growing effort in overcoming these issues, with the creation of age-appropriate pipelines. Although FC in infants has been mostly measured via linear metrics and particularly coherence analysis, non-linear methods, such as cross-frequency-coupling (CFC), may be more valuable for the investigation of network communication and early network development. Additionally, graph theory analysis often accompanies linear and non-linear FC computation offering a more comprehensive understanding of the infantile network architecture. The current review attempts to gather the basic information on the preprocessing and processing techniques that are usually employed by infantile FC studies, while providing guidelines for future studies.
The eﬀect of e-WOM, halal awareness, inﬂuencer marketing and lifestyle to the purchase decision of imported packaged food products

Purchasing decisions are part of the consumer's behavior to determine which products to consume. Many factors can aﬀect purchasing decisions. This study aims to analyze the factors aﬀecting consumer purchasing decisions on imported packaged food products. The data was obtained through a questionnaire distributed online through Google form with a sample of 200 respondents who had bought or consumed imported packaged food products in Jakarta. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS) techniques using SmartPLS 3.0 analysis tools was used in this study. Results show that the e-WOM, halal awareness, inﬂuencer marketing and lifestyle variables have a positive signiﬁcant eﬀect on the purchase decision of imported packaged food products.
Purdue University Economics

Groups such as committees or boards make many important decisions within organizations. Many of these decisions affect external parties. This paper uses an experimental approach to study how the gender composition of three-person groups affects choices and beliefs in a Coordination game with selfish and prosocial equilibria. We find that the social preferences of group members are a key determinant of the group’s coordination choice. Controlling for social preferences of the group, groups with more women are more likely to make choices that are kinder to external parties. Both men and women believe that women will make kinder choices more frequently. Groups comprised of all men are expected to make 18 percentage points fewer kind choices than groups of all women. Men are also expected to be 9 percentage points less kind than women overall. These results have implications for public policies intended to increase gender diversity and women’s representation on decision-making committees in the corporate sector, in politics, and in academia.
Self-Adapting BFT Consensus: Leveraging Heterogeneity in Dissemination/Aggregation Trees (

Permissioned blockchains are a class of blockchains where the processes that run consensus are limited and known by all participants. These blockchains can execute variants of Byzantine consensus that offer finality . An approach to support a large number of participants in this context is to use dissemination and aggregation trees to support the communication required to execute protocol rounds. Previous work using this topology is either topology-agnostic or assumes homogeneous environments. Many Byzantine consensus protocols are leader-based, and in the blockchain scenario, there are compelling reasons to rotate the leader between consecutive consensus instances, such as the distribution of the load of the leader and censorship resistance. This work addresses the challenges of implementing a rotating leader policy in BFT consensus that uses dissemination and aggregation trees, and we propose topology-aware heuristics to create dissemination and aggregation trees in heterogeneous environments. Through simulations, we evaluate the performance of our heuristics in realistic scenarios, showing that they can reduce the average time needed to collect a quorum by 70%.
The Effect Risk of Credit, Efficiency, and GCG of Bank Profitability (Study in Conventional Commercial Banks Registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2012 - 2019)

The purpose of this study to test the effect of risk credit, efficiency and Good Corporate Governance to profit bank in the Indonesian conventional bank. GCG represented by board size, board meeting and disclosure. This study used quantitive research using purposive sampling method and obtained 22 banks by the annual bank report of BEI during 2012-2019 were selected as samples with a total of 174 observation. Data analysis in this study is a multiple linear regression analysis us-ing SPSS Statistic 22. This study is NPL, and BOPO has a negative and significant effect on conventional commecial bank’s profitability. The control variable has size get a positive and significant impact to profitability bank. Board Size, Board Meeting, and Disclosure have not significant effect to the profitability bank. The advice provide is bank should pay attention to risk mitigation of credit and do efficiency on their activity. Furthermore, researchers are also expected to add other independent variables that can affect profitability banks such as CAR, LDR , Risk Commite Meeting, and other control variables like age.
The Role of Digital Marketing for the Home Convection Industry

This research was conducted because it aims to analyze the role of digital marketing on home industry sales. This study uses a qualitative analysis approach. The object of this research is the Home Industry of convection products in the city of Sidoarjo. Data was collected by means of library studies and inter-views. The results show that home industry players gain additional knowledge, understanding, and insight as well as basic skills about online marketing.
Early assessment of antiretroviral efficacy is critical to prevent the emergence of resistance mutations in HIV-tuberculosis coinfected patients: a substudy of the CARINEMO-ANRS12146 trial [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations]

Background: In the CARINEMO ANRS 12146 clinical trial, HIV-tuberculosis co-infected patients in Mozambique were randomized to nevirapine (NVP) or to efavirenz (EFV)-based antiretroviral therapy to compare these two non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) in treatment naïve patients. Methods: In this sub study, we explored the relationship of NNRTI concentrations with virological escape and the possible emergence of resistance mutations at week 48. The virological escape was defined as an HIV-RNA above 400 copies/m at week 48.
The importance of performance management system in tax consulting

This scientific article explores the importance of performance management systems in the field of tax consulting. The study emphasizes the role of performance management in maximizing efficiency, enhancing employee motivation, and gaining a competitive advantage in tax consulting firms. The research utilizes a qualitative content analysis of existing literature to address the research question regarding the significance of performance management in tax consulting. The findings reveal that performance appraisal systems, regular feedback, strategic goal setting, and continuous competence development are crucial aspects of performance management in tax consulting. Implementing these practices can improve performance, motivate employees, and ensure the competitive position of tax consulting firms. The article concludes that understanding and effectively implementing performance management strategies can contribute to the success and growth of tax consulting firms in the market. Further research can focus on specific strategies and best practices to optimize performance management in the context of tax consulting.
Northern vs. southern hemisphere differences in the stratospheric influence on variability in tropospheric nitrous oxide

We present a chemistry-climate model with a tagged stratospheric nitrous oxide (N 2 O) tracer that predicts distinct 20 seasonal cycles in tropospheric N 2 O caused by descent of N 2 O-depleted stratospheric air in polar regions. We identify similar phenomena in recently available aircraft profiles from global campaigns and routine monitoring. Long-term atmospheric measurements from the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) global surface monitoring network provide additional support for a significant impact on surface N 2 O originating from the stratosphere. In the northern hemisphere, the NOAA surface N 2 O atmospheric growth rate anomaly is negatively correlated with the previous winter’s polar lower 25 stratospheric temperature. This negative correlation is consistent with increased (decreased) transport in years with a strong (weak) Brewer Dobson circulation of warm, N 2 O-depleted air from the middle and upper stratosphere into the lower stratosphere, with subsequent cross-tropopause transport of the N 2 O-depleted air into the
Mouse Models of NMNAT 1-Leber Congenital Amaurosis ( LCA 9 ) Recapitulate Key Features of 77 78 79 80 81 82 the Human Disease

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 ajp.amjpathol. org 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 Mouse Models of NMNAT1-Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA9) Recapitulate Key Features of 77 78 79 80 81 82 the Human Disease Scott H. Greenwald,* Jeremy R. Charette,y Magdalena Staniszewska,* Lan Ying Shi,y Steve D.M. Brown,z Lisa Stone,y Qin Liu,* Wanda L. Hicks,y Gayle B. Collin,y Michael R. Bowl,z Mark P. Krebs,y Patsy M. Nishina,y and Eric A. Pierce*
Digital Transformation in Food Delivery: An In-Depth Analysis of Zomato‟s Impact and Growth in India

: The advancement in technology has sparked out to be a sensational movement with digitization taking the limelight [1] . This has further paved way for many online platforms and e - commerce websites to create and cater their service to a wider range of population not only locally but also at national and international levels. People choosing convenience over anything in today’s time, has contributed in these online businesses to uphold themselves and continuously innovate and disrupt the market in numerous ways. One such revolutionary yet sensational domain for audiences of every age group, city/state, status and other criteria is the food delivery services via platforms such as Zomato, Swiggy, Insta - Mart, Grubhub and so many more. This work accentuates the food delivery service provided by Zomato in India, which is one of the strongest players and online food delivery aggregators that plunged to become a market leader. The work encompasses the journey, key services provided, impact of certain incidents like the COVID - 19 pandemic etc., to evaluate and present the services offered by Zomato. The work also covers the experiences and perception of people to better understand the outreach and impact on different audiences from various age - groups, professions, preferences, and other parameters via primary data collection done by floating a Google sheet comprising of a set of questionnaires.