Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Job Performance and Job Satisfaction,Organizational Commitment,and Goal Orientation

Job performance is the most widely studied criterion variable in the literature pertaining to organizational behavior and human resource management.However,most studies on job performance are limited in that they focus on the dimensions of work behavior that lie in what has traditionally been included in the scope of a specific task itself.The objective of the present study was to explore the domain of job performance.The present study also aimed to determine which of the above three variables would have the strongest effects on job performance. By applying structural equation modeling analysis and using a sample of 1066 employees across 12 firms,the present study examined whether job satisfaction and organizational commitment mediate the relationship between goal orientation and employee job performance and its outcomes. The research results indicated that job performance was empirically distinguished from task,contextual,learning,and innovative performances.On the other hand,job satisfaction,organizational commitment,and goal orientation are significantly not uniform in influencing every sub-job performance dimension.In particular,job satisfaction had significant positive effects on the different dimensions of task,contextual,learning,and innovation performances.Organizational commitment had significant positive effects on the dimensions of task,contextual,and learning performances and negative effects on the dimension of innovation performance.Job satisfaction and organizational commitment was not found to mediate the relationship between goal orientation and every dimension of job performance;however,it directly affected job performance(task,contextual,learning,and innovation performances). Some implications can be drawn from this study.First,the four dimensions of the job performance model have been examined using a structural equation modeling analysis.Second,consistent with previous studies,the present study also suggests that job satisfaction,organizational commitment,and goal orientation influence job performance in different domains.Finally,the paper is summarized and some directions for future research are presented,for example,integrating organizational forms into the relationship between job performance and the independent variables(job satisfaction,organizational commitment,and goal orientation).
Students Motivating Students to Excel: Cooperative Incentives, Cooperative Tasks, and Student Achievement

The Elementary School Journal Volume 85, Number 1 O 1984 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 001 -5984/85/8501-0004$01 . 00 Students who are unmotivated to learn do not learn. This is virtually a truism, certainly known to every teacher and researcher interested in increasing student learning, Yet research over the past decade has largely avoided consideration of means of motivating students to do academic work and to want to learn. The principal exception to this is the behavior modification tradition, which generally lies outside of the mainstream of educational research (see Brophy 1983; Greer 1983). Most motivational research in education focuses on understanding rather than increasing student motivation. It is important to distinguish between "student motivation" and "classroom incentives. " "Student motivation" is used
Intron‐dependent stimulation of marker gene expression in cultured insect cells

We tested in a systematic fashion the effect of an intron on the level of luciferase expression in cultured C6/36 Aedes albopictus cells. The intron was inserted in both orientations, upstream and downstream of the luciferase coding region in two different luciferase expression vectors. The two parental luciferase expression vectors differed only in their promoters, one containing the Drosophila melanogaster actin5C promoter and the other the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus hr5/ie1 enhancer/promoter. All resulting intron‐containing constructs were tested for their ability to express luciferase in transient assays following electroporation into C6/36 cells. We found that the introns stimulate luciferase expression between twelve and sixtyfold, depending on the promoter. Enhanced expression was only seen when the intron was present in the correct orientation upstream of the luciferase ORF. When the 3′ splice sites of the enhanced intron‐containing constructs were mutated, the expression level dropped back to below the level of the intronless parental constructs, suggesting that the intron‐dependent stimulation of luciferase expression is depending on splicing and is not due to other effects the intron may have on transcription or translation. The luciferase transcripts of all constructs were analysed by reverse transcription, PCR amplification and sequencing, and the results show a perfect correlation between efficient splicing of the intron and elevated levels of luciferase expression. Our findings have the potential to be very useful for boosting expression of foreign proteins in the widely used baculoviral or non‐viral systems in insect cells.
Developmental 360: how feedback can make managers more effective

Discusses the effective use of 360‐degree feedback for enhancing managers’ self‐awareness and challenging them to engage in developmental work. Such feedback is instrumental for an unfreezing process in which managers are motivated to rethink their behaviour and its impact on others. A number of factors are important for maximizing the developmental potential of 360‐degree feedback: providing the manager with good data from multiple perspectives, encouraging openness to hearing and accepting feedback, a developmental plan that is acted on, and organizational support for development. In short, 360‐degree feedback needs to be embedded in a larger management development process.
Presentation of neurogenic shock within the emergency department

Background Injury to the spinal cord can result in loss of sympathetic innervation causing a drop in BP and HR, this condition is known as neurogenic shock. There is debate among the literature on how and when neurogenic shock presents and what values of HR and BP should be used to define it. Previous studies do not take into account multiple prehospital and emergency department recordings. Objective To improve understanding of how neurogenic shock presents in humans, allowing better identification and treatment. Methods The Trauma Audit and Research Network database for an adult major trauma centre was used to isolate patients with a spinal cord injury. Qualifying patients had all available BPs and HRs collated into a database. Patients with neurogenic shock were isolated, allowing data analysis. Results Out of 3069 trauma patients, 33 met the inclusion criteria, of which 15 experienced neurogenic shock. 87% of the patients who had neurogenic shock experienced it within 2 hours of injury. Neurogenic shock below the T6 level was less common (p=0.009); however, there were still four cases in the cohort. More patients with complete spinal cord injury had neurogenic shock (p=0.039). Conclusions Neurogenic shock is variable and unpredictable. It can present in the prehospital environment and without warning in a patient with previously normal vital signs. The medical team should be aware of it in all patients with spinal cord injury regardless of injury level.
Effectiveness of Simulated Interventions in Reducing the Estimated Prevalence of Salmonella in UK Pig Herds

Salmonella spp are a major foodborne zoonotic cause of human illness. Consumption of pork products is believed to be a major source of human salmonellosis and Salmonella control throughout the food-chain is recommended. A number of on-farm interventions have been proposed, and some have been implemented in order to try to achieve Salmonella control. In this study we utilize previously developed models describing Salmonella dynamics to investigate the potential effects of a range of these on-farm interventions. As the models indicated that the number of bacteria shed in the faeces of an infectious animal was a key factor, interventions applied within a high-shedding scenario were also analysed. From simulation of the model, the probability of infection after Salmonella exposure was found to be a key driver of Salmonella transmission. The model also highlighted that minimising physiological stress can have a large effect but only when shedding levels are not excessive. When shedding was high, weekly cleaning and disinfection was not effective in Salmonella control. However it is possible that cleaning may have an effect if conducted more often. Furthermore, separating infectious animals, shedding bacteria at a high rate, from the rest of the population was found to be able to minimise the spread of Salmonella.
A publicização da vida privada no Twitter

This text investigates the growing publicizing of private life on Twitter. The main argument developed here on the basis of studies in the field of cyberculture--particularly concerning the subjects’ habits and ways of being in social networks on the web--is that contemporary culture both causes and celebrates several kinds of confusion between private and public, as well as between anonymity and celebrity. The study concludes that intimacy, privacy and life secured through secrets are values that have become increasingly obsolete, since life only seems to be meaningful and justifiable when it is shown, narrated and exhibited in several ways and in realtime. Twitter has potentialized a social capital economy based on the reputation that each person constructs about themselves and pleasurably learns to restlessly manage and enhance in every detail. Key words: Twitter social networking sites, cyberculture, public and private.
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation and risk of malignant lymphoma and multiple myeloma--a multicentre European case-control study.

BACKGROUND Three recent studies have reported a decreased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) for high ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure. METHODS We conducted a multicentre case-control study during 1998-2004 in France, Germany, Ireland, Italy and Spain, comprising 1518 cases of NHL, 268 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma, 242 cases of multiple myeloma and 2124 population or hospital controls. We collected information on sensitivity to sun and personal exposure to UV radiation in childhood and adulthood via interview, and assessed occupational exposure to UV radiation from the occupational history. RESULTS The risk of Hodgkin and NHL was increased for increasing skin sensitivity to the sun [odds ratio (OR) for no suntan vs very brown 2.35, 95% CI 0.94-5.87 and 1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.87, respectively]. The risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was reduced for increasing adult personal (OR for highest vs lowest quartile of exposure in free days 0.62, 95% CI 0.44-0.87) and for occupational exposure to UV radiation (OR for highest vs lowest exposure tertile 0.63, 95% CI 0.37-1.04). The risk of multiple myeloma was increased for personal exposure to UV radiation during adulthood (OR for highest vs lowest quartile of exposure in free days 1.49, 95% CI 0.88-2.50). A protective effect was observed for use of sun lamps for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (OR for 25+ times vs never 0.63, 95% CI 0.38-1.03). CONCLUSIONS The hypothesis of a protective effect of UV radiation on lymphoma is supported by our results. The underlying mechanisms might differ from those operating in skin carcinogenesis. The increased risk of multiple myeloma is worth replication.
Constructing intercultural education

This paper examines the meta‐theoretical status, basic determinants, interests, conditions and directives of theory development in contemporary intercultural education (IE). It identifies functions and main objectives of IE at the macro‐, mezzo‐ and micro‐levels of society, interdisciplinary approaches associated with the discipline, as well as its relations with other sub‐disciplines of the educational sciences (i.e. international and comparative education, peace and civic education, as well as its contribution to global, European and regional education). Special attention is devoted to the analysis of national, racial‐compensatory, civic and cultural borderland‐oriented paradigms, as well as political and historical conditions determining the direction of IE development in particular countries. There are also distinct under‐represented areas of interest in IE. In the conclusions of the paper, suggestions are offered for re‐constructing IE due to the unique changes and challenges we face in today’s world.
parva germina, a gene involved in germ cell maintenance during male and female Drosophila gametogenesis

We report the initial characterization of a gene, parva germina (pag), required for germ cell maintenance in both males and females. pag gonads contain a small number of germline stem cells at the onset of gametogenesis. In contrast, adult mutant gonads are either empty or have a very small number of germ cells that never develop in 16‐cell cysts. Ovarioles and testes, therefore, are rudimentary, and the very few germ cells they contain are unable to differentiate into eggs or sperm. Germline stem cells are progressively depleted over time. The average number of germ cells, therefore, decreases in pag mutant ovarioles with the age of the mother, whereas the proportion of agametic germaria goes up. These observations suggest that the pag gene product is involved in germ cell maintenance in both male and female gametogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 232:835–844, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does Early Improvement in Anxiety Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder Affect Remission Rates? A Post-Hoc Analysis of Pooled Duloxetine Clinic Trials

Objectives: Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and a comorbid anxiety disorder or significant anxiety symptoms have decreased functioning, increased risk of suicidality, and worse post-treatment outcomes. This pooled analysis of 8 duloxetine MDD trials was designed to determine whether early improvement in anxiety symptoms predicts MDD remission. Methods: Eight trials were pooled. Patients with a baseline 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HA-MD17) anxiety/somatization factor score ≥7 were considered to have anxious depression. Early response on the HAMD17 total score was defined as a 20% reduction at weeks 2 or 4, a 30% reduction at weeks 2 or 4, or a 50% reduction at weeks 2 or 4 in the HAMD17 anxiety subscale. Each category was analyzed separately for all patients. MDD remission is a score of ≤7 on the HAMD17 total score at study endpoint. Results: The early responder group in each analysis showed greater numerical improvement at endpoint on the HAMD17 total score than the nonresponder group. Duloxetine showed statistically significantly greater improvement than placebo in most nonresponder and responder subgroups. There were no statistically significant interaction effects for the difference between duloxetine and placebo for any of the anxious categories. Conclusion: Although patients who responded in the various response categories had greater numerical improvement and greater remission rates than nonresponding patients, the response and nonresponse groups did not differ statistically regarding the treatment effect of duloxetine. Therefore, early improvement in anxiety symptoms was not a predictor of greater endpoint remission of depressive symptoms for duloxetine treatment.
Detection of Human Papillomaviruses by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Ligation Reaction on Universal Microarray

Sensitive and specific detection of human papillomaviruses (HPV) in cervical samples is a useful tool for the early diagnosis of epithelial neoplasia and anogenital lesions. Recent studies support the feasibility of HPV DNA testing instead of cytology (Pap smear) as a primary test in population screening for cervical cancer. This is likely to be an option in the near future in many countries, and it would increase the efficiency of screening for cervical abnormalities. We present here a microarray test for the detection and typing of 15 most important high-risk HPV types and two low risk types. The method is based on type specific multiplex PCR amplification of the L1 viral genomic region followed by ligation detection reaction where two specific ssDNA probes, one containing a fluorescent label and the other a flanking ZipCode sequence, are joined by enzymatic ligation in the presence of the correct HPV PCR product. Human beta-globin is amplified in the same reaction to control for sample quality and adequacy. The genotyping capacity of our approach was evaluated against Linear Array test using cervical samples collected in transport medium. Altogether 14 out of 15 valid samples (93%) gave concordant results between our test and Linear Array. One sample was HPV56 positive in our test and high-risk positive in Hybrid Capture 2 but remained negative in Linear Array. The preliminary results suggest that our test has accurate multiple HPV genotyping capability with the additional advantages of generic detection format, and potential for high-throughput screening.
Credulous and Skeptical Argument Games for Complete Semantics in Conflict Resolution based Argumentation

Argumentation is one of the most popular approaches of defining a~non-monotonic formalism and several argumentation based semantics were proposed for defeasible logic programs. Recently, a new approach based on notions of conflict resolutions was proposed, however with declarative semantics only. This paper gives a more procedural counterpart by developing skeptical and credulous argument games for complete semantics and soundness and completeness theorems for both games are provided. After that, distribution of defeasible logic program into several contexts is investigated and both argument games are adapted for multi-context system.
Physiological and anthropometric characteristics of amateur rugby league players

Objectives—To investigate the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of amateur rugby league players. Methods—Thirty five amateur rugby league players (19 forwards and 16 backs) were measured for height, body mass, percentage body fat (sum of four skinfolds), muscular power (vertical jump), speed (10 m and 40 m sprint), and maximal aerobic power (multistage fitness test). Data were also collected on match frequency, training status, playing experience, and employment related physical activity levels. Results—The 10 m and 40 m sprint, vertical jump, percentage body fat, and multistage fitness test results were 20–42% poorer than previously reported for professional rugby league players. Compared with forwards, backs had significantly (p<0.01) lower body mass (79.7 (74.7–84.7) kg v 90.8 (86.2–95.4) kg) and significantly (p<0.01) greater speed during the 40 m sprint (6.45 (6.35–6.55) v 6.79 (6.69–6.89) seconds). Values for percentage body fat, vertical jump, 10 m sprint, and maximal aerobic power were not significantly different (p>0.05) between forwards and backs. When compared with professional rugby league players, the training status of amateur rugby league players was 30–53% lower, with players devoting less than three hours a week to team training sessions and about 30 minutes a week to individual training sessions. The training time devoted to the development of muscular power (about 13 minutes a week), speed (about eight minutes a week), and aerobic fitness (about 34 minutes a week) did not differ significantly (p>0.05) between forwards and backs. At the time of the field testing, players had participated, on average, in one 60 minute match every eight days. Conclusions—The physiological and anthropometric characteristics of amateur rugby league players are poorly developed. These findings suggest that position specific training does not occur in amateur rugby league. The poor fitness of non-elite players may be due to a low playing intensity, infrequent matches of short duration, and/or an inappropriate training stimulus.
Ab initio prediction of protein structure using LINUS

LINUS is an ab initio method for the prediction of protein structure based on simple physical principles. Here we report the performance of LINUS at CASP4, a communitywide experiment to predict protein structure in which participants are blinded to the structures they seek to predict. We submitted 13 predictions for this experiment. The best four are described in detail, together with an assessment of secondary structure prediction for the entire set. Coordinates for all predictions are available from the CASP web site (http://predictioncenter.llnl.gov). It should be emphasized that our use of the descriptor “ab initio” is unequivocal: the sole input into these simulations is the amino acid sequence. Proteins 2002;47:489–495. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mood Influence on the Appeal of Bad News

Respondents were placed into a bad or good mood and then provided with reading choices. They chose magazine articles that featured either bad or good news. In agreement with theoretical expectations, women in a bad mood were drawn to good news, sampling significantly more of it than women in a good mood. Men did not show this preference, however. Gender-specific selection of news stories was further evident in that women in a bad mood sampled less bad news than did men in a bad mood, whereas women in a good mood sampled more bad news than men in a good mood did.
Plagiarism—a complex issue requiring a holistic institutional approach

Recent years have seen a growing awareness of the incidence of plagiarism, though the response has largely been to focus on deterrence through detection and punishment. However, student plagiarism is a much more complex issue than suggested by a one‐solution response and this paper argues for a more holistic institutional approach that recognises the need for a shared responsibility between the student, staff and institution, supported by external quality agencies. Case studies from three institutions are used to illustrate possible triggers for adopting a holistic approach. The paper presents a checklist for identifying the absence of a holistic approach to dealing with student plagiarism and concludes that a key aspect is to adopt assessment‐led solutions which focus on using low stakes, formative (as distinct from high stakes, summative) assessment.
In Vivo Efficacy of Natural Product‐Inspired Irreversible Kinase Inhibitors

Hypothemycin and related resorcylic acid lactones (RAL) bearing a cis‐enone moiety have emerged as an alternative pharmacophore to heterocyclic motifs for kinase inhibition, and are endowed with a unique selectivity filter based on the irreversible reaction with a subset of the kinome bearing a suitably positioned cysteine residue. Two prototypical examples of “edited” RAL were evaluated for antitumoral, antimetastatic and antiangiogenic efficacy in an orthotopic murine renal cell carcinoma (RENCA) model. Both compounds (3 and 5) are good inhibitors of VEGFRs in vitro, and inhibited tumor growth in vivo with comparable efficacy to sunitinib, an FDA‐approved VEGFRs inhibitor. Compound 3 promoted lung metastasis to a similar extent as sunitinib, while compound 5 strongly inhibited lung metastasis. This study attests to the potential of irreversible kinase inhibitors and molecular editing of natural pharmacophores and provides encouraging results to a clinically significant problem.