Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Transmission Power Adjustment for Enhanced Energy Efficiency and Extended Lifespan of Mobile Devices

This paper presents a dynamic transmission power adjustment technique to enhance energy efficiency and extend the operational lifespan of mobile devices in fog computing environments. By monitoring the locations of surrounding access points and their own locations, mobile devices adapt their transmission power prior to task offloading. The technique employs four transmission power levels: 3.6mW (default) for access points beyond 265m, 2.7mW for distances between 210m and 265m, 1.8mW for distances between 150m and 210m, and 0.9m W for distances less than or equal to 150m. Two key metrics are evaluated: the consumed energy of mobile devices (in Joules) and the remaining operational devices over time. Additionally, the number of offloaded tasks for each transmission power level is analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of dynamic transmission power adjustment in improving energy efficiency, prolonging device lifespan, and optimizing task offloading in fog computing environments. These findings contribute to the advancement of energy-efficient mobile computing and provide valuable insights for future optimizations.
A Two-Stage Robust Second-Order Cone Model for the Dispatch of Multi-Microgrid Integrated Harbour Distribution Systems

The inherent fluctuation and randomness of massive distributed renewable power generation (RPG), such as the photovoltaic (PV), poses great challenge to the operation security of harbour distribution systems (HDSs). In this paper, a novel two-stage robust second-order cone programming (SOCP) model for the active and reactive collaborative dispatch of multi-microgrid integrated HDSs is proposed, which can effectively cope with the fluctuation and uncertainty of the RPG by utilizing flexible distributed resources in microgrids. In the first stage, the day-ahead long-time-scale scheduling variables are determined, and the intraday short-time-scale scheduling variables are further optimized in the second stage after the uncertainty of RPG and load is realized. Subsequently, the proposed two-stage robust SOCP model is solved with the SOCP based column and constraint generation algorithm (SOCP-CCG). Lastly, the simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively deal with the fluctuation and uncertainty of the RPG and load, while ensuring the voltage security and economic benefits of the power grid.
Studies and importance of microbial communities in fishery resources and products

Microorganisms are an essential part of life in the planet. The bacterial ora is an crucial component of trophic webs in marine ecosystems, both in activity and quantity of biomass, contributing to nutrient recycling and establishing complex interactions with a wide range of organisms. To understand its role in speci c niches, it is essential to identify and quantify each of the members who make up these communities, then to infer the taxonomic and genetic diversity in the analyzed sample. For food products, these analyses may bring information on possible e ects on the health of the consumer or may allow the isolation of microbial strains or metabolites useful in biotechnological processes. Health of the consumer. Furthermore, this knowledge can provide, the use of strains or microbial metabolites in biotechnological processes. An e cient alternative for the investigation of bacterial communities in complex samples has been the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene by ngerprinting methods as RAPD, TRFLP and DGGE. In this context, several authors indicate that sh stocks have an abundant associated bacterial ora bearing biotechnological potential or that may help, prevents damages to the shery resource and nal consumers.
Carboniferous Main Limestone of the East Crop in South Wales

Summary The East Crop in South Wales, between Blorenge and Risca, displays an incomplete Avonian sequence, Main Limestone in the northern outcrops suffering extinction by Namurian overstep. The Main Limestone, where it occurs, consists almost unrelievedly of secondary dolomites, but in the Afon-Lwyd valley near Blaenafon the strata emerging from beneath the Millstone Grit are in places relatively unaltered and are composed of primary rock types&mainly shelly oolites&closely comparable with those of the Oolite Group of Breconshire. Thicknesses rarely exceed 150 feet, and all the beds appear to belong to lower Tournaisian Main Limestone. A comparable development is found for several miles south of Pontypool. In the southernmost outcrops at Risca a greater thickness (about 360 feet) is preserved. Analogy with the sequence to the south-west suggests it may include upper Tournaisian beds, but the dolomitized rocks have most of their fossils obliterated, so that correlation is uncertain. The Visean stage is nowhere represented. Isopachytes reveal an eastward thinning of the Main Limestone beneath the Millstone Grit at a rate of about 1 in 60 in the north, of about 1 in 12 near Risca. The trend of the isopachytes follows fairly closely the present strike (which between Blaenafon and Pontypool may also have been a depositional strike), and clearly displays the influence of a contemporary prototypic Usk anticline on Namurian overstep.
Evaluation of Health Media and Public Relations in Prevention and Control of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever in Thailand

This study evaluates the existing public relations and information program on Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Thailand, and analyzes factors affecting the behavior on prevention and control of DHF. Using questionnaires, data were collected in sample provinces and districts of Bangkok with high and low DHF incidences. In each province, multistage random sampling was done on 65 persons for one municipality and one sub-district, and in districts of Bangkok for a total of 1,170. Results indicate that people received information on DHF through media e.g. television, radio, public health officers and volunteers, and public information campaign, which had significant influence on the knowledge and understanding of prevention and control of the disease in areas with high and low DHF incidence (p 0.05). DHF prevention and control practices are better in areas with low DHF incidence than in areas with high DHF incidence with significant difference (p<0.05). Information received also significantly affected practices in DHF prevention and control (p<0.05) in urban (municipality) and rural (Tambol Administration Organization, TAO) areas and the districts of Bangkok. People in rural areas had better behavior than those in other areas in preventing and controlling the disease because they received information through direct channels e.g. public health volunteers. Thus, integrating mass and direct media could help to disseminate information on DHF prevention and control practices better than using mass media alone.
Assimilation of hyperspectral radiances in the NCMRWF global forecast system

The availability of high resolution temperature and water vapor data is important for the study of mesoscale scale weather phenomena. As, Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), Cross-Track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and European Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) provide high resolution atmospheric profiles by measuring radiations in many thousands of different channels. The AIRS, on the EOS-Aqua polar-orbiting satellite, was the first of a new generation of meteorological advanced sounders able to provide hyper- spectral data for operational and research use. The CrIS is a Fourier Transform Michelson interferometer instrument launched on board the Suomi National Polar- Orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite on 28 October 2011. CrIS is a major step forward in the U.S. operational infrared (IR) sounding capability previously provided by the High-resolution Infrared Spectrometer (HIRS). The IASI is the most advanced instrument carried on the MetOp satellite on 19 October 2006. As a result, demonstration of the benefit of hyper-spectral data on Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) has been a high priority. This work focuses on the assessment of the potential values of satellite hyper-spectral radiance data in the NGFS (National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting-Global Forecast System). An Observing System Experiments (OSEs) has been conducted to examine the impact of hyper-spectral radiances and detail results are presented.
A Universally Composable Key Exchange Framework for Operational Technology Communication Protocols

Many real-world communication protocols in Operational Technology (OT) are prone to cyber attacks due to the absence of dedicated key exchange and inability to satisfy all key exchange properties such as mutual authentication, key secrecy, and key confirmation. Besides these deficiencies, the security of communications in the OT is severely lacking at least one of the communication security properties such as data integrity, data confidentiality, and data availability. In this paper, we propose to enhance OT communication protocols via a secure key exchange framework for satisfying the key exchange and communication security properties based on universal composability, which provides modular design and analysis of cryptographic protocols in the presence of an adversary. Our framework comprises an ideal crypto-ops functionality $(F_{cl})$ for modelling and satisfying the key exchange and communication security properties. We analyse the security of our framework using the Automated Validation of Internet of Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) tool. Furthermore, we illustrate the usefulness of our framework by fixing one of the most widely used real-world OT communication protocols, namely WirelessHART.
Stock Price Forecast Based on Dueling Deep Recurrent Q-network

Stock prices belong to time series data, and accurate prediction of stock prices is a difficult problem. The traditional methods of predicting stocks through statistics or regression models usually do not consider the interrelationship and complex relationship between various variables in the stock market, which may lead to information loss and error. To overcome these challenges, this paper studies a deep reinforcement learning algorithm based on Dueling Deep Recurrent Q-Network (Dueling DRQN), which improves the accuracy of stock price prediction by combining the advantages of RNN models in processing sequence data with the Q algorithm's ability to adaptively learn and predict stock price patterns and trends. Specifically, we first embed Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) layers into the DQN network to model sequence data, and then use the Dueling architecture to make the model more generalizable and interpretable. The experiment uses a variety of stock information to predict the performance of stocks, taking the total return of the test set as the only evaluation index, and the specific results show that the trained Dueling DRQN model performs well in stock price prediction, and the Dueling DRQN performs better than other models. The total return under different test datasets can exceed 90%.
The role of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in nitrogen availability, competition, and plant invasion into the sagebrush steppe

In the semi-arid sagebrush steppe of the Northeastern Sierra Nevada, resource s are both spatially and temporally variable, arguably making resource avail ability a primary factor determining invasion success. N fixing plant species, primaril y n t ve legumes, are often relatively abundant in sagebrush steppe and can contribute t o ecosystem nitrogen budgets. Lupinus argenteus (Pursh), a native legume abundant in high elevation areas of western North America, is one of the most common native legumes in sagebrush steppe. L. argenteus responds positively to disturbance and prior studies indicate that it can increase the availability of soil nitrogen. Thus contribution of nitrogen by L. argenteus can potentially have a large effect on maintaining native species diversity and productivity of sagebrush ecosystems. However, if a non-native seed source is present, increased nitrogen associated with L. argenteus can create conditions favorable for invasion by non-native species. This study examined the role of L. argenteus on resource availability in the sagebrush steppe and the implications for invasion with four interrelated studies. Results indicate that L. rgenteus can modify available soil N and increase productivity in sagebrush ecosystems both through rhizodeposition and litter decomposition. Further, modification of the local resource pool by L. argenteus can alter competitive outcomes among native and non-native species and can increase plant establishment and growth of both native and non-native species. However, higher establishment and growth rates give the non-native a greater advantag e. The ability of L. argenteus to increase N availability can serve to promote resilience of native ecosystems, but also may create an avenue for invasion.
Depth-Averaged Velocity Distribution in Straight Trapezoidal Channels

In trapezoidal channels that are not “wide,” the banks exert form drag on the fluid and thereby control the depth-averaged velocity distribution. As such, commonly used equations for predicting depth-averaged velocities in wide channels are not well suited for predicting depth-averaged velocities in trapezoidal channels. Using data from three previous studies, we developed two models for predicting depth-averaged velocity distributions in straight trapezoidal channels. The data used to develop the models had a range of discharges (8.05–4,248 L∕s) , velocities (0.16–1.03 m∕s) , bottom widths (0.305–3.62 m) , flow depths (0.0518–0.805 m) , and bank slopes (1.0–3.0, horizontal/vertical). The first model requires measured velocity data for calibrating the model coefficients, whereas the second model uses prescribed coefficients. The first model yielded velocity distributions with coefficients of determination ( r2 ) from 0.84 to 0.90 and we recommend its use when possible because it yields predictions that ar.
Mechanics of graben formation in crustal rocks - A finite element analysis

Small (1–10 km wide) grabens are ubiquitous tectonic structures that have been observed on the surfaces of all the terrestrial planets and satellites. In spite of their frequent occurrence, there is no fundamental understanding of how they form, other than that they are characteristic of extensional terranes. This paper examines the mechanics of the initial stages of graben formation and demonstrates that the configuration of a pair of antithetically dipping normal faults (a graben) is the energetically most favorable fault configuration in elastic-brittle rocks subjected to pure extension. A corollary to this hypothesis is that the occurrence of synthetic normal faults is indicative of a stress field other than purely extensional, or of nonhomogeneous characteristics of the rock. The analysis proceeds by computing the stress field in the vicinity of a single initial normal fault using a two-dimensional finite element model. It is shown that slip on this fault substantially lowers the proximity to failure of the surrounding rocks except for two small regions, one near the surface of the downthrown block and the other near the fault tip. The region on the downthrown block is located a horizontal distance from the initial fault slightly less than the fault's depth. The proximity to failure actually increases here, and a secondary fault develops. An antithetic secondary fault would link this region with the other failure zone near the fault tip. To demonstrate the preference for antithetic secondary faults more rigorously, we show that this fault configuration results in a smaller total strain energy than the synthetic configuration. In addition, a two-layer model is used to show that the graben's width is only weakly dependent upon the presence of mechanically distinct layers in the crust. Both weak-over-strong and strong-over-weak configurations are investigated. The depth of the initial fault and the thickness of the top layer are varied, and the width of the resulting graben is evaluated by computing the distance between the initial fault and the region of highest proximity to failure near the surface. This analysis indicates that the depth of the initial fault is the major factor controlling graben width.
The Upper Cretaceous Flysch Succession of the Balangbaru Formation, Southwest-Sulawesi

Abstract The flysch succession of the Balangbaru Formation unconformably overlies a basement accretionary complex which is highly tectonised. The flysch itself is not internally deformed, but slightly tilted to the east. This suggests that by Upper Cretaceous times, when the flysch succession was deposited, Early Cretaceous subduction had ceased. A facies analysis of the Balangbaru Formation has resulted in the recognition of six facies classes. A through F, on the basis of lithology, bed thickness and geometry, sand to shale ratio, grain size and internal sedimentary features. Facies association and vertical sequence analyses indicate that the flysch succession was deposited by sediment gravity flows, including high- and low- density turbidity currents, and debris flow processes in a submarine fan environment, ranging from lower bathyal to abyssal (below CCD) environments. In order to distinguish the historical development of the environment, the Balangbaru Formation is divided into three members, on the basis of lithostratigraphy and sequence. From bottom to top, these comprise: (i) the Allup Member, characterised by a chaotic fabric of debris flow deposits representing an inner fan facies association; (ii) the Panggalungan Member, characterised by 'distal turbidite' features representing an outer fan to basin plain facies association; (iii) the Bua Member, characterised by 'proximal turbidite' features representing a mid fan facies association. Palaeocurrent data show bimodal-oblique with flows predominantly from the northwest to southeast and west to east, with subsidiary flows from northeast to southwest. The predominant current indicators suggest that the basin morphology may have been asymmetrical, being relatively steeper on the western side, since the currents were mainly derived from the northwest and west. The composition of the sediment in the Balangbaru Formation shows progressive changes with time from the lower to upper part of the succession. Petrographic, heavy mineral and geochemical studies suggest that the sediments in the lower part were mainly derived from erosion of the basement accretionary complex, but the upper part was more influenced by a magmatic arc provenance. The tectonic setting of the Balangbaru Formation is interpreted as a small fore-arc basin, on the trench slope. The basement complex, which is present in the Bantimala and Barru areas, was uplifted, by thrusting from significant depth, prior to the deposition of the Balangbaru Formation. Thus, it is acted as a barrier to prevent transport of volcaniclastic sediments into the basin, and as a source for the Allup Member.
Taxonomy of Fingerprinting Techniques for Evaluation of Smart Grid Honeypot Realism

Honeypots are a form of deception technology that provides an additional line of defense, and is regarded as a cybersecurity application of digital twins in the smart grid domain. By misleading attackers into a decoy and thereafter, performing threat intelligence collection and analysis, honeypots allow operators time to conceptualize mitigation strategies. In that regard, the most important property of a honeypot is realism from the attackers’ perspective, but the task of imitating the real system remains non-trivial, especially for smart grids which encompass immensely intricate infrastructures. The absence of an established way to guide the design of, or assess the effectiveness of smart grid honeypots, further compounds the problem. To supplement such research gaps, this paper first surveys existing literature on honeypot detection strategies, and thereafter, delineates a taxonomy of fingerprinting techniques geared towards smart grids. Such a taxonomy can be used to judge the realism of smart grid honeypots, and this paper demonstrates relevant evaluation applications after discussing our own implementation of a comprehensive smart grid honeypot. In essence, the aforementioned efforts are made to elucidate varied dimensions of smart grid honeypots’ realism and thereby provide an effective guide for the design of smart grid honeypots that are robust against fingerprinting.
Final Technical Report Demonstration Project for Arsenic Removal from Drinking Water at Keystone, South Dakota

Submitted to South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources Joe Foss Building 523 East Capitol Avenue Pierre, South Dakota 57501-3181 Submitted by Jan Puszynski Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Arden Davis Department of Geology and Geological Engineering David Dixon Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South Dakota School of Mines and Technology 501 East Saint Joseph Street Rapid City, South Dakota 57701 Commercial Partner: HydroTech Engineering, LLC 3115 Stockade Drive Rapid City, South Dakota, 57702
The digital defence against cyberbullying: A systematic review of tech-based approaches

Abstract Cyberbullying, which has been exacerbated by the widespread use of smartphones and the increasing stress associated with the pandemic, needs the promotion of positive online behaviour, cyberbullying awareness, and victim support. The PRISMA technique is used in this review to identify effective preventative tools and intervention options. Eleven studies met our inclusion criteria and were selected for review. A quality assessment was conducted. Upon thorough evaluation of the included studies, the intervention data was compiled in a narrative format. Using thematic analysis, we explored the effectiveness of technological interventions for preventing cyberbullying comprehensively. Technology-driven strategies for identifying and combating cyberbullying in educational settings, such as language-specific cyberbullying detection tools, IRCB programmes for empowering teenagers, and technologies such as CREEP Semantic Technology and CREEP Virtual Coach, have showed potential. TIPIP and the #WIIWY movement have also assisted to raise awareness and educate people about cyberbullying. However, more research is required to design targeted interventions that address varied demographics and circumstances, while including parents and taking the target audience’s age into account remains critical for effective technology-driven educational interventions and digital advocacy.