Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards the Reverse Engineer of UML2.0 Sequence Diagram for Procedure Blueprint

In order to query parent-child relationship between nodes for procedure blueprint(PB) and make certain the approximate order of interacted Messages, we proposed the encode on procedure blueprint-based. In addition, a meta-model based on Abstract Implement Structure Diagram for procedure blueprint and a meta-model based on intra-method UML 2.0 Sequence Diagram are presented. And our strategy in this article is to define an OCL-based mapping in a formal and verifiable form as consistency rules between an AISD and a SD, so as to ensure the completeness of our meta-models and allow their verification. At last, we adopt a static analyze method to transform procedure blueprint to UML2.0 sequence diagram.
Platelet-rich plasma effects on degenerative disc disease: analysis of histology and imaging in an animal model

ABSTRACT Study design: Randomized controlled animal trial. Objectives: To analyze the early and late phase effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection into and around the damaged intervertebral disc using an animal model, and to evaluate the needle puncture technique in creating a degenerative disc model. Methods: The L4-L5 intervertebral disc of 18 adult Sprague-Dawley rats was injured with a 21-gauge needle. Animals received an immediate injection of PRP, or a delayed injection of PRP 2 weeks postinjury, or no further intervention (sham) (n = 6/group). Six uninjured controls were used. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed for a control at time 0 and each group at 4 weeks postinjury, this allowed resolution of inflammation and an accurate assessment of healing. Specimens were collected from immediate PRP group at 2 and 4 weeks postinjury, and the delayed PRP group at 4 and 6 weeks postinjury. The sham and control specimens were collected at 2, 4, and 6 weeks postinjury. Each disc was sectioned and analyzed subjectively for overall structure, cellularity, and water content (utilizing MRI). Disc height was measured using descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey post hoc analysis. It was presumed both groups injected with PRP would have better outcomes than the sham group. Results: The sham group had clear degenerative changes with loss of organizational structure, empty space, fibrous tissue, and inflammatory cells, indicating needle puncture leads to degeneration. The PRP treated groups had fibers that were damaged with empty spaces and inflammatory cells. However, there was maintenance of the ring structure and the nucleus appeared to have a healthy central portion. Overall, both PRP - treated groups retained more normal morphologic features, contained fewer inflammatory cells, and had higher fluid content on MRI; however the effect was more pronounced in the immediate injection group. The disc height was significantly different in the sham and immediate injection group at the 4-week interval. Conclusions: This percutaneous needle puncture technique is an effective method for creating a degenerative disc model without posterior destabilization of the spine. The administration of PRP has a protective effect on damaged discs in the acute and delayed injection settings representing clinical treatment with PRP in the early versus late stages of the degenerative process. It appears that earlier intervention in the disease process would be more beneficial than PRP treatment of already severely degenerated discs.
Secure national electronic voting system : Pilot implementation

Electronic voting provides accuracy and efficiency to the electoral processes. World democracies would benefit from a secure e-voting system not only to improve voter participation and trust but also to prevent electoral fraud. However, current e-voting systems are complex and have security weaknesses. In this paper, we describe a secure e-voting system for national and local elections. This system satisfies the important requirements of an e-voting system through state-of-the-art technologies and secure processes. The system relies on homomorphic cryptography, zero-knowledge proofs, biometrics, smartcards, open source software, and secure computers for securely and efficiently implementing the system processes over the various stages of electoral process. Furthermore, we describe the pilot implementations of this system that test the main technologies and processes used. We explain how the used technologies and processes achieve the system requirement. In conclusion, we recommend adopting this system for its security, flexibility, economic, and scalability features.
Population Structure Shapes Copy Number Variation in Malaria Parasites

If copy number variants (CNVs) are predominantly deleterious, we would expect them to be more efficiently purged from populations with a large effective population size (Ne) than from populations with a small Ne. Malaria parasites (Plasmodium falciparum) provide an excellent organism to examine this prediction, because this protozoan shows a broad spectrum of population structures within a single species, with large, stable, outbred populations in Africa, small unstable inbred populations in South America and with intermediate population characteristics in South East Asia. We characterized 122 single-clone parasites, without prior laboratory culture, from malaria-infected patients in seven countries in Africa, South East Asia and South America using a high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism/CNV microarray. We scored 134 high-confidence CNVs across the parasite exome, including 33 deletions and 102 amplifications, which ranged in size from <500 bp to 59 kb, as well as 10,107 flanking, biallelic single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Overall, CNVs were rare, small, and skewed toward low frequency variants, consistent with the deleterious model. Relative to African and South East Asian populations, CNVs were significantly more common in South America, showed significantly less skew in allele frequencies, and were significantly larger. On this background of low frequency CNV, we also identified several high-frequency CNVs under putative positive selection using an FST outlier analysis. These included known adaptive CNVs containing rh2b and pfmdr1, and several other CNVs (e.g., DNA helicase and three conserved proteins) that require further investigation. Our data are consistent with a significant impact of genetic structure on CNV burden in an important human pathogen.
Recurrent Neural Network with Word Embedding for Complaint Classification

Complaint classification aims at using information to deliver greater insights to enhance user experience after purchasing the products or services. Categorized information can help us quickly collect emerging problems in order to provide a support needed. Indeed, the response to the complaint without the delay will grant users highest satisfaction. In this paper, we aim to deliver a novel approach which can clarify the complaints precisely with the aim to classify each complaint into nine predefined classes i.e. acces-sibility, company brand, competitors, facilities, process, product feature, staff quality, timing respec-tively and others. Given the idea that one word usually conveys ambiguity and it has to be interpreted by its context, the word embedding technique is used to provide word features while applying deep learning techniques for classifying a type of complaints. The dataset we use contains 8,439 complaints of one company.
A New Strategy for the Identification of Novel Molecules with Targeted Proresolution of Inflammation Properties

As our understanding of inflammatory resolution increases, drugs that trigger proresolution pathways may become significant in treating chronic inflammatory diseases. However, anti-inflammatory drugs are traditionally tested during the first hours of onset (i.e., to dampen leukocyte and edema formation), and their ability to trigger proresolution processes has never been investigated. Moreover, there is no model available to screen for putative proresolving agents. In this study, we present a new strategy to identify therapeutics for their ability to switch inflammation off and restore homeostasis. Injecting 1.0 mg of zymosan i.p. causes transient inflammation characterized by polymorphonuclear neutrophil clearance and dominated by recently described resolution-phase macrophages along with an innate-type lymphocyte repopulation, the latter being a marker of tissue homeostasis. In contrast, 10 mg of zymosan elicits an aggressive response characterized by classically activated macrophages leading to systemic inflammation and impaired lymphocyte repopulation. Although this latter model eventually resolves, it nonetheless represents inflammation in the clinically relevant setting of polymorphonuclear neutrophil/classically activated macrophage dominance driving a cytokine storm. Treating such a reaction therapeutically with proresolution drugs provides quantifiable indices of resolution—polymorphonuclear neutrophil/macrophage clearance, macrophage phenotype switching (classically activated to resolution phase), and repopulation with resolution-phase lymphocytes—cardinal signs of inflammatory resolution and homeostasis in the peritoneum. As an illustration, mice bearing peritonitis induced by 10 mg of zymosan- were given ibuprofen, resolvin E1, a prostaglandin D2 receptor 1 agonist, dexamethasone, rolipram, or azithromycin, and their ability to trigger resolution and homeostasis in this new inflammatory setting was investigated. We present the first model for testing drugs with targeted proresolution properties using quantifiable parameters of inflammatory resolution and homeostasis.
Yeast CAF-1 assembles histone (H3-H4)2 tetramers prior to DNA deposition

Following acetylation, newly synthesized H3-H4 is directly transferred from the histone chaperone anti-silencing factor 1 (Asf1) to chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1), another histone chaperone that is critical for the deposition of H3-H4 onto replicating DNA. However, it is unknown how CAF-1 binds and delivers H3-H4 to the DNA. Here, we show that CAF-1 binds recombinant H3-H4 with 10- to 20-fold higher affinity than H2A-H2B in vitro, and H3K56Ac increases the binding affinity of CAF-1 toward H3-H4 2-fold. These results provide a quantitative thermodynamic explanation for the specific H3-H4 histone chaperone activity of CAF-1. Surprisingly, H3-H4 exists as a dimer rather than as a canonical tetramer at mid-to-low nanomolar concentrations. A single CAF-1 molecule binds a cross-linked (H3-H4)2 tetramer, or two H3-H4 dimers that contain mutations at the (H3-H4)2 tetramerization interface. These results suggest that CAF-1 binds to two H3-H4 dimers in a manner that promotes formation of a (H3-H4)2 tetramer. Consistent with this idea, we confirm that CAF-1 synchronously binds two H3-H4 dimers derived from two different histone genes in vivo. Together, the data illustrate a clear mechanism for CAF-1-associated H3-H4 chaperone activity in the context of de novo nucleosome (re)assembly following DNA replication.
Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit der Überprüfung des Zusammenhangs zwischen problematischem Internetgebrauch , der Internetnutzungszeit und psychosozialen Problemen aus zwei Blickwinkeln . Wir führten zehn Meta ‐ Analysen durch , um die gewichteten Mittelwertskorrelationen zwischen den fünf Variablen

This article reports tests of the relationships between problematic Internet use (PIU), time spent using the Internet, and psychosocial problems from the two perspectives. Ten individual meta-analyses were first conducted to identify weighted mean correlations among the five variables included within the models. The correlations derived from the meta-analyses were subsequently used in path analysis to test the alternative characterizations. The results offer some support for the deficient self-regulation model but provide relatively little evidence consistent with the pathology perspective of PIU.
An SELinux-based intent manager for Android

The support for Mandatory Access Control offered by SELinux has become a significant component of the security design of the Android operating system, offering robust protection and the ability to support system-level policies enforced by all the elements of the system. A well-known security-sensitive aspect of Android that currently SELinux does not cover is the abuse of intents, which represent the Android approach to inter-process communication. We propose SEIntentFirewall, an SELinux intent manager that provides fine-grained access control over Intent objects, permitting to cover within MAC policies the use of intents.
Avidity of Anti-Circumsporozoite Antibodies following Vaccination with RTS,S/AS01E in Young Children

Background The nature of protective immune responses elicited by immunization with the candidate malaria vaccine RTS,S is still incompletely understood. Antibody levels correlate with protection against malaria infection, but considerable variation in outcome is unexplained (e.g., children may experience malaria despite high anti-circumsporozoite [CS] titers). Methods and Findings We measured the avidity index (AI) of the anti-CS antibodies raised in subgroup of 5–17 month old children in Kenya who were vaccinated with three doses of RTS,S/AS01E between March and August 2007. We evaluated the association between the AI and the subsequent risk of clinical malaria. We selected 19 cases (i.e., with clinical malaria) and 42 controls (i.e., without clinical malaria), matching for anti-CS antibody levels and malaria exposure. We assessed their sera collected 1 month after the third dose of the vaccine, in March 2008 (range 4–10 months after the third vaccine), and at 12 months after the third vaccine dose. The mean AI was 45.2 (95% CI: 42.4 to 48.1), 45.3 (95% CI: 41.4 to 49.1) and 46.2 (95% CI; 43.2 to 49.3) at 1 month, in March 2008 (4–10 months), and at 12 months after the third vaccination, respectively (p = 0.9 by ANOVA test for variation over time). The AI was not associated with protection from clinical malaria (OR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.49 to 1.66; p = 0.74). The AI was higher in children with high malaria exposure, as measured using the weighted local prevalence of malaria, compared to those with low malaria exposure at 1 month post dose 3 (p = 0.035). Conclusion Our data suggest that in RTS,S/AS01E-vaccinated children residing in malaria endemic countries, the avidity of anti-circumsporozoite antibodies, as measured using an elution ELISA method, was not associated with protection from clinical malaria. Prior natural malaria exposure might have primed the response to RTS,S/AS01E vaccination.
Partial Bessel functions for quasi-split groups

The question of functoriality is a central one in the theory of automorphic forms and representations. There has been recent progress on the proof of this conjecture for globally generic representations of the split classical groups by combining the converse theorem with the Langlands-Shahidi method of controlling automorphic L-functions [6, 7]. We refer the reader to those papers for an exposition of the general process.
Finding experts on the semantic desktop

Expert retrieval has attracted deep attention because of the huge economical impact it can have on enterprises. The classical dataset on which to perform this task is company intranet (i.e., personal pages, e-mails, documents). We propose a new system for finding experts in the user's desktop content. Looking at private documents and e-mails of the user, the system builds expert profiles for all the people named in the desktop. This allows the search system to focus on the user's topics of interest thus generating satisfactory results on topics well represented on the desktop. We show, with an artificial test collection, how the desktop content is appropriate for finding experts on the topic the user is interested in.
Pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α as a neuroprotective agent in the brain

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), one of the best characterized cytokines, was originally discovered in the mouse serum during endotoxemia and recognized for its anti-tumor activity (Carswell et al. 1975). Its role in the central nervous system (CNS) was not observed until 1987, when microglia was found to produce TNF-α (Frei et al. 1987). At present it is well established that apart from the microglial cells, TNF-α can also be synthesized and released in the brain by astrocytes and some populations of neurons. There is a robust and rapid increase in TNF-α expression levels in the CNS both after acute insults and in a number of chronic neurodegenerative disorders (for review see: Allan and Rothwell 2001, Viviani et al. 2004) TNF-α is synthesized as a 26 kDa membrane-bound polypeptide precursor that is cleaved by proteolysis to release a 17 kDa subunit. The proteolysis is mediated by TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE), a proteinase that belongs to the family of mammalian adamalysins (or ADAMs  A Desintegrins And Metalloproteinases). So far, TACE/ADAM17 is the only known ADAM to process TNF-α (Black et al. 1997, Moss et al. 1997). The role of this protease in the CNS has been reviewed (Moro et al. 2003). There are some reports indicating an involvement of TACE in neuroprotective mechanisms. In rat ischemia model Hurtado and colleagues (2001, 2002) demonstrated that TACE is upregulated after ischemic brain damage and that the increase in TACE expression contributes to a rise in TNF-α and a subsequent neuroprotective effect after excitotoxic stimuli. Upon cleavage, the released TNF-α forms a bioactive homotrimer, which then exerts its effects in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner. The pleiotropic actions of TNF-α are mediated through two distinct cell surface receptors: TNFR1 (p55) and TNFR2 (p75) (for review see: MacEwan 2002, Wajant et al. 2003). Only TNFR1 contains a cytoplasmic death domain and may directly induce apoptosis. However, TNFR1 transduction pathway is much more complex. Briefly, binding of the TNF trimer to the extracellular domain of TNFR1 is recognized by the adaptor protein TNF receptor-associated death domain (TRADD), which recruits additional proteins: receptor-interacting protein (RIP), TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and FAS-associated death domain (FADD). The latter Pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α as a neuroprotective agent in the brain
Optimal Throughput Analysis of Random Access Policies for Cognitive Radio Networks with Multiple Channel Access

In this paper we consider a time slotted cognitive radio (CR) network with N wireless channels and M secondary users (SUs). We focus on a random access policy where each SU stochastically decides whether to access idle channels or not based on the given access probability (AP) that is adapted to the channel state information (CSI), if possible. The AP plays an important role in the random access policy because it can control the number of SUs who can access idle channels in a simple manner and hence alleviate packet collisions among SUs. We assume that each SU can access at most L idle channels simultaneously at a time slot whenever possible. We consider two extreme cases - a) where all SUs have full CSI and b) where all SUs have no CSI. We analyze the throughput of an arbitrary SU for the two extreme cases, and rigorously derive a closed-form expression of the optimal AP values that maximize the throughput of an arbitrary SU for the two extreme cases. In the analysis, we also show the impact of multiple channel access and the acquisition of CSI on throughput performance.
Evaluation of Intelligent Tutoring Systems : Instruction and Education Approach

Nowadays, beside computer has come into our life, learning, independent from time and place, is implemented in an effective structure. Since many studies are consummated education is implemented in a structure which takes into account. Benefits of the qualities include being more effective, qualified and independent from time and place. In order to develop the software's that present students effective instruction methods and provide education with being adapted to students, studies are carried out. Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) are tutoring systems which form with using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in computer programs to facilitate instruction. These systems are based on cognitive learning theory which is a learning theory interested in how information organizes in human's memory. ITSs are intelligent programs which know what, how and whom they will teach so computers play an important part in education and instruction aims are performed and suggested in this work. In this paper we described and reviewed some of ITSs in educational application and demonstrate used modules in ITSs. Otherwise, these have been compared with computer-aided learning systems. The results indicate that these systems formed with AI techniques omit this incompetence with vast rate and countenance students and teachers to learning in a better manner.
Reduced SCEs in Fully Depleted Dual-Material Double-Gate (DMDG) SON MOSFET: Analytical Modeling and Simulation

In this paper, a two dimensional analytical model of a fully depleted nano-scale dual material double gate (DMDG) SON MOSFET has been developed and performance comparison is made with single material double gate SON MOSFET. An expression for the electric field has also been developed. It is found that the introduction of the DMDG structure in a fully depleted SON MOSFET leads to reduction of short channel effects due to a step-function in the surface potential profile thereby improving device performance and enhances devices scalability some steps further with the extreme exploitation of the idea, threshold control by means of mult iple material gate electrode.
Axial rotation in Parkinson’s disease

Aims: To investigate the ability of patients with Parkinson’s disease to perform a rotation around the longitudinal axis of the body. Three questions were raised. Is body rotation impaired in Parkinson’s disease? Is there a level of the kinematic chain from the head to the foot at which the impairment is more severe? Is the deficit related to the general slowness of movement in Parkinson’s disease? Methods: Kinematic data were recorded. The temporal organisation of body rotation during gait initiation was analysed in 10 patients with Parkinson’s disease, who were all at an advanced stage of the disease and had all experienced falls and freezing during their daily life, and in five controls. The latency of the onset of the rotation of each segment was measured by taking the onset of the postural phase of step initiation as reference value. Locomotor variables were also analysed. Results: Body rotation was found to be impaired in patients with Parkinson’s disease, as the delay in the onset of the rotation of each segment is greater than that in controls. Moreover, a specific uncoupling in the onset of shoulder and pelvis segment rotation was seen in patients. This impairment of rotation is not related only to the general slowness of movements. Conclusion: Patients with Parkinson’s disease were found to have an impairment of posturo-kinetic coordination and impaired capacity to exert appropriate ground reaction forces to orient the pelvis in space.