Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Personalized news video recommendation

In this paper, we have developed an interactive system to enable personalized news video recommendation. First, multi-modal information channels (audio, video and closed captions) are seamlessly integrated and synchronized to achieve more reliable news topic detection, and the contextual relationships between the news topics are extracted automatically. Second, topic network and hyperbolic visualization are seamlessly integrated to achieve interactive navigation and exploration of large-scale collections of news videos at the topic level, so that users can have a good global overview of large-scale collections of news videos at the first glance. In such interactive topic network navigation and exploration process, the users' personal background knowledge can be taken into consideration for obtaining the news topics of interest interactively, building up their mental models of news needs precisely and formulating their searches easily by selecting the visible news topics on the screen directly. Our system can further recommend the relevant web news, the new search directions, and the most relevant news videos according to their importance and representativeness scores.
Sperm-egg recognition in the mouse: characterization of sp56, a sperm protein having specific affinity for ZP3

Recognition between mammalian gametes occurs when the plasma membrane of the sperm head binds to the zona pellucida (ZP), an extracellular coat surrounding eggs. ZP3, one of three glycoproteins in the ZP, is the egg protein recognized by sperm. A mouse sperm surface protein, sp56 (M(r) = 56,000), has been identified on the basis of its specific affinity for ZP3 (Bleil, J. D., and P. M. Wassarman. 1990. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 87:5563-5567). Studies presented here were designed to characterize mouse sperm sp56 and to further test whether or not this protein specifically recognizes ZP3. sp56 was purified by both ZP3 affinity chromatography and by ion exchange chromatography followed by size-exclusion chromatography. The purified native protein eluted from size-exclusion columns as a homomultimer (M(r) approximately 110,000). Each monomer of the protein contains intramolecular disulfide bonds, consistent with its extracellular location. Immunohistochemical and immunoblotting studies, using monoclonal antibodies, demonstrated that sp56 is a peripheral membrane protein located on the outer surface of the sperm head plasma membrane, precisely where sperm bind ZP3. Results of crosslinking experiments demonstrated that the ZP3 oligosaccharide recognized by sperm has specific affinity for sp56. Collectively, these results suggest that sp56 may be the sperm protein responsible for sperm-egg recognition in the mouse.
The Rate of Oxygen Uptake of Quiescent Cardiac Muscle

The rate of oxygen uptake of quiescent papillary muscle of the cat heart has been determined in a flow respirometer with the use of the oxygen electrode. The apparent rate of oxygen uptake as a function of the diameter of the muscle was also determined. It was found that papillary muscles from cat hearts use oxygen at a rate of 2.84 (microliters/mg. wet weight)/hour at a temperature of 35°C. Such muscles can be adequately supplied by diffusion when their surface is uniformly exposed to an atmosphere containing 95 per cent oxygen only if their diameter is 0.64 mm. or less. Papillary muscles from kitten hearts use oxygen at a rate of 4.05 (microliters/mg. wet weight)/hour at a temperature of 35°C. Such muscles can be adequately supplied by diffusion when their surface is uniformly exposed to an atmosphere containing 95 per cent oxygen only if their diameter is 0.53 mm. or less. If the muscles are small enough to be adequately supplied with oxygen by diffusion, the rate of oxygen uptake does not increase when the muscle is stretched.
Herpes simplex virus mutants defective in the virion-associated shutoff of host polypeptide synthesis and exhibiting abnormal synthesis of alpha (immediate early) viral polypeptides

Six mutants isolated from herpes simplex virus type 1 were judged to be defective with respect to the virion-associated function acting to rapidly shut off host polypeptide synthesis in herpes simplex virus-infected cells. The mutants were capable of proper entry into the cells, but, unlike the parent wild-type virus, they failed to shut off host polypeptide syntehsis in the presence of actinomycin D. They were consequently designated as virion-associated host shutoff (vhs) mutants. In the presence of actinomycin D, three of the mutants, vhs1, -2, and -3, failed to shut off the host at both 34 and 39 degrees C, whereas vhs4, -5, and -6 exhibited a temperature-dependent vhs phenotype. Since the mutants were capable of growth at 34 degrees C, it appeared that the vhs function was not essential for virus replication in cultured cells. Temperature-shift experiments performed with the vhs4 mutant showed that an active vhs function was required throughout the shutoff process and that, once established, the translational shutoff could not be reversed. In the absence of actinomycin D, the mutants induced a generalized, secondary shutoff of host translation, which required the synthesis of beta (early) or gamma (late) viral polypeptide(s). The vhs mutants appeared to be defective also with respect to post-transcriptional shutoff of alpha (immediate early) viral gene expression, since (i) cells infected with mutant viruses overproduced alpha viral polypeptides, (ii) there was an increased functional stability of alpha mRNA in the vhs1 mutant virus-infected cells, and (iii) superinfection of vhs1-infected cells with wild-type virus, in the presence of actinomycin D, resulted in a more pronounced shutoff of alpha polypeptide synthesis from preformed alpha mRNA than equivalent superinfection with vhs1 virus. The data suggest that the synthesis of alpha polypeptides in wild-type virus infections is subject to a negative post-transcriptional control involving viral gene product(s) present in infected cell lysates constituting virus stocks. The vhs1 mutant and possibly other vhs mutants contain a mutation in the gene encoding this function.
Blocking Optimality in Distributed Real-Time Locking Protocols

Lower and upper bounds on the maximum priority inversion blocking (pi-blocking) that is generally unavoidable in distributed multiprocessor real-time locking protocols (where resources may be accessed only from specific synchronization processors) are established. Prior work on suspension-based shared-memory multiprocessor locking protocols (which require resources to be accessible from all processors) has established asymptotically tight bounds of Ω(m) and Ω(n) maximum pi-blocking under suspension-oblivious and suspension-aware analysis, respectively, where m denotes the total number of processors and n denotes the number of tasks. In this paper, it is shown that, in the case of distributed semaphore protocols, there exist two different task allocation scenarios that give rise to distinct lower bounds. In the case of co-hosted task allocation, where application tasks may also be assigned to synchronization processors (i.e., processors hosting critical sections), Ω(Φ · n) maximum pi-blocking is unavoidable for some tasks under any locking protocol under both suspension-aware and suspension-oblivious schedulability analysis, where Φ denotes the ratio of the maximum response time to the shortest period. In contrast, in the case of disjoint task allocation (i.e., if application tasks may not be assigned to synchronization processors), only Ω(m) and Ω(n) maximum pi-blocking is fundamentally unavoidable under suspension-oblivious and suspension-aware analysis, respectively, as in the shared-memory case. These bounds are shown to be asymptotically tight with the construction of two new distributed real-time locking protocols that ensure O(m) and O(n) maximum pi-blocking under suspension-oblivious and suspension-aware analysis, respectively.
Efficient kinematic planning for mobile manipulators with non-holonomic constraints using optimal control

This work addresses the problem of kinematic trajectory planning for mobile manipulators with non-holonomic constraints, and holonomic operational-space tracking constraints. We obtain whole-body trajectories and time-varying kinematic feedback controllers by solving a Constrained Sequential Linear Quadratic Optimal Control problem. The employed algorithm features high efficiency through a continuous-time formulation that benefits from adaptive step-size integrators and through linear complexity in the number of integration steps. In a first application example, we solve kinematic trajectory planning problems for a 26 DoF wheeled robot. In a second example, we apply Constrained SLQ to a real-world mobile manipulator in a receding-horizon optimal control fashion, where we obtain optimal controllers and plans at rates up to 100 Hz.
EXPLAINING FEAR OF CRIME

The authors construct a model for explaining "fear" of crime by using the relevant literature to identify possible factors and making out a prima facie case for each by examining data from the second British Crime Survey. Using logit analysis this model is tested on data derived from the same survey. The authors show that such factors as gender, age, race, neighbourhood cohesion, confidence in the police, levels of local incivility, experience of victimisation, perception of risk and assessment of offence seriousness all combine toform a theoretical account of "fear" which has strong empirical support. On the basis of these findings, they conclude by making some suggestions for policies to reduce this "fear".
Impact of High Mathematics Education on the Number Sense

In adult number processing two mechanisms are commonly used: approximate estimation of quantity and exact calculation. While the former relies on the approximate number sense (ANS) which we share with animals and preverbal infants, the latter has been proposed to rely on an exact number system (ENS) which develops later in life following the acquisition of symbolic number knowledge. The current study investigated the influence of high level math education on the ANS and the ENS. Our results showed that the precision of non-symbolic quantity representation was not significantly altered by high level math education. However, performance in a symbolic number comparison task as well as the ability to map accurately between symbolic and non-symbolic quantities was significantly better the higher mathematics achievement. Our findings suggest that high level math education in adults shows little influence on their ANS, but it seems to be associated with a better anchored ENS and better mapping abilities between ENS and ANS.
Outbreaks of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in American adults: a clinical and epidemiologic profile

Because enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is not identified by routine stool culture methods, ETEC outbreaks may go unrecognized, and opportunities for treatment and prevention may be missed. To improve recognition of adult ETEC outbreaks, we compared them with reported outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis. During 1975–95, we identified 14 ETEC outbreaks in the United States and 7 on cruise ships, caused by 17 different serotypes and affecting 5683 persons. Median symptom prevalences were: diarrhoea 99%, abdominal cramps 82%, nausea 49%, fever 22%, vomiting 14%. The median incubation period was 42 h, and for 8 of 10 outbreaks, the mean or median duration of illness was >72 h (range 24–264). For 17 (81%) ETEC outbreaks, but for only 2 (8%) viral outbreaks, the prevalence of diarrhoea was [ges ]2·5 times the prevalence of vomiting. ETEC outbreaks may be differentiated from viral gastroenteritis outbreaks by a diarrhoea-to-vomiting prevalence ratio of [ges ]2·5 and a longer duration of illness.
Functional genomics in the study of yeast cell polarity: moving in the right direction

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used extensively for the study of cell polarity, owing to both its experimental tractability and the high conservation of cell polarity and other basic biological processes among eukaryotes. The budding yeast has also served as a pioneer model organism for virtually all genome-scale approaches, including functional genomics, which aims to define gene function and biological pathways systematically through the analysis of high-throughput experimental data. Here, we outline the contributions of functional genomics and high-throughput methodologies to the study of cell polarity in the budding yeast. We integrate data from published genetic screens that use a variety of functional genomics approaches to query different aspects of polarity. Our integrated dataset is enriched for polarity processes, as well as some processes that are not intrinsically linked to cell polarity, and may provide new areas for future study.
Detecting wi-fi base station behavior inappropriate for positioning method in participatory sensing logs

Recently mobile base stations are getting increased, which is considered harmful for the Wi-Fi positioning methods. In this paper, three approaches for detecting Wi-Fi base station behaviors inappropriate for Wi-Fi signature sampling are introduced and their performance evaluations are presented. First approach is for outdoor environment using GPS or Wi-Fi, second for indoor environment using Wi-Fi and accelerometers and last for the first contact stations using the Bayesian estimation method. Bayesian estimation is fine for stationary stations but much severe for mobile stations.
Displaced Implants Into Maxillary Sinus: Report of Cases

Although the number of implant placement in the edentulous maxillary region is increasing, there are often some cases in which implants accidentally get displaced into maxillary sinus because of low bone quality, insufficient bone height, bone resorption after surgery, and improper treatment plan. Implants displaced into the maxillary sinus can cause some complications, including mucosal thickening and sinusitis; however, there are also many cases causing no symptoms at all. Treatment procedures for implants displaced into maxillary sinus are observation, removal of implants through intraoral approach, and removal through nasal cavity using endoscope. But treatment may vary according to the presence of sinusitis, ostium obstruction, and oroantral fistula. In this study, 4 patients with present illness of implants displaced into maxillary sinus were selected, and appropriate evaluation and treatment for these cases were studied.
Neural Networks and Natural Intelligence

From the Publisher: Stephen Grossberg and his colleagues at Boston University's Center for Adaptive Systems are producing some of the most exciting research in the neural network approach to making computers "think. " Packed with real-time computer simulations and rigorous demonstrations of these phenomena, this book includes results on vision, speech, cognitive information processing; adaptive pattern recognition, adaptive robotics, conditioning and attention, cognitive-emotional interactions, and decision making under risk.
Studies in visual perception of architectural spaces and rooms. 3. A relation between judged depth and size of space.

Judgments of depth and size of space were obtained by the magnitude estimation method under (i) binocular viewing of actual spaces, (ii) monocular viewing of colour photographs, (iii) monocular viewing of detailed drawings, and (iv) monocular viewing of undetailed drawings. Judged depth and size were found to be power functions of the physical measures. The exponents decreased successively under conditions (i)-(iv). Judged size (rectangular area) might be a power function of judged depth times perceived width. The hypothesis was substantiated that perceived size of space depends on perceived depth.
Mobile Edge Cloud Network Design Optimization

Major interest is currently given to the integration of clusters of virtualization servers, also referred to as ‘cloudlets’ or ‘edge clouds’, into the access network to allow higher performance and reliability in the access to mobile edge computing services. We tackle the edge cloud network design problem for mobile access networks. The model is such that the virtual machines (VMs) are associated with mobile users and are allocated to cloudlets. Designing an edge cloud network implies first determining where to install cloudlet facilities among the available sites, then assigning sets of access points, such as base stations to cloudlets, while supporting VM orchestration and considering partial user mobility information, as well as the satisfaction of service-level agreements. We present link-path formulations supported by heuristics to compute solutions in reasonable time. We qualify the advantage in considering mobility for both users and VMs as up to 20% less users not satisfied in their SLA with a little increase of opened facilities. We compare two VM mobility modes, bulk and live migration, as a function of mobile cloud service requirements, determining that a high preference should be given to live migration, while bulk migrations seem to be a feasible alternative on delay-stringent tiny-disk services, such as augmented reality support, and only with further relaxation on network constraints.
On the Feasibility of Time-Modulated Arrays for Digital Linear Modulations: A Theoretical Analysis

Wireless communications are widely based on linear digital modulation methods, which introduce the digital baseband information in the amplitude and/or in the phase of a carrier sinusoid. Time-modulated arrays, on the other hand, constitute an interesting technique capable of adapting the power radiation pattern of an antenna array. In this work, we study from a theoretical point of view the impact of time-modulated arrays on the transmission of linearly modulated digital communication signals. The work focuses on the requirements to safeguard the integrity of the signal and on the quantification of the useful power radiated within the desired band.
Impact of cryptic female choice on insemination success: Larger sized and longer copulating male squid ejaculate more, but females influence insemination success by removing spermatangia

In polyandrous mating systems, sperm competition and cryptic female choice (CFC) are well recognized as postcopulatory evolutionary forces. However, it remains challenging to separate CFC from sperm competition and to estimate how much CFC influences insemination success because those processes usually occur inside the female's body. The Japanese pygmy squid, Idiosepius paradoxus, is an ideal species in which to separate CFC from sperm competition because sperm transfer by the male and sperm displacement by the female can be observed directly at an external location on the female's body. Here, we counted the number of spermatangia transferred to, removed from, and remaining on the female body during single copulation episodes. We measured behavioral and morphological characteristics of the male, such as duration of copulation and body size. Although males with larger body size and longer copulation time were capable of transferring larger amounts of sperm, females preferentially eliminated sperm from males with larger body size and shorter copulation time by spermatangia removal; thus, CFC could attenuate sperm precedence by larger males, whereas it reinforces sperm precedence by males with longer copulation time. Genetic paternity analysis revealed that fertilisation success for each male was correlated with remaining sperm volume that is adjusted by females after copulation.
Height-Gradient-Based Method for Occlusion Detection in True Orthophoto Generation

High-quality orthophotos are essential elements in cartographic databases that are required for engineering projects. Urban areas usually have many tall buildings, causing occlusions in aerial images. These occlusions can be severe depending on the height of the buildings, geometry of the imaging system, and image acquisition viewpoint. A product where no occlusion areas appear is called true orthophoto, and occlusion detection is a key step in its generation. This process requires a set of aerial images and surface representation, together with metadata and acquisition system information. This letter addresses a new approach for occlusion detection. The central idea that allows the development of the proposed method is based on the analysis of the surface height gradient at certain sampled directions, guiding the identification of occluded regions in the aerial images. A novel metric is introduced based on the height gradient computed along an available digital surface model, which can be obtained by different techniques. The refinement of the occlusion area is made by applying one morphological operator, aiming to fill some gaps in the detected occlusion areas. In order to validate the proposed approach, simulated and real data were used. The quality assessment was based on both visual and numerical analyses. For this methodology, the numerical analysis showed high completeness and correctness values, indicating that the proposed approach works properly.
Optimal Fan Speed Control for Thermal Management of Servers

Improving the cooling efficiency of servers has become an essential requirement in data centers today as the power used to cool the servers has become an increasingly large component of the total power consumption. Additionally, fan speed control has emerged in recent years as a critical part of system thermal architecture. However, the state of the art in server fan control often results in over provisioning of air flow that leads to high fan power consumption. It can be exacerbated in server architectures that share cooling resources among server components, where single hot spot can often drive the operation of a multiplicity of fans. To address this problem, this paper presents a novel multi-input multi-output (MIMO) fan controller that utilizes thermal models developed from first-principles to manipulate the operation of fans. The controller tunes the speeds of individual fans proactively based on prediction of the sever temperatures. Experimental results show that, with fans controlled by the optimal controller, over-provisioning of cooling air is eliminated, temperatures are more tightly controlled and fan energy consumption is reduced by up to 20% compared to that with a zone-based feedback controller.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Cultures of Solidarity: Consciousness, Action, and Contemporary American Workers

A commonplace assumption about American workers is that they lack class consciousness. This perception has baffled social scientists, demoralized activists, and generated a significant literature on American exceptionalism. In this provocative book, a young sociologist takes the prevailing assumptions to task and sheds new light upon this very important issue. In three vivid case studies Fantasia explores the complicated, multi-faceted dynamics of American working-class consciousness and collective action.