Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inhomogeneous Broadening of the Exciton Band in Optical Absorption Spectra of InP/ZnS Nanocrystals

In this work, we have simulated the processes of broadening the first exciton band in optical absorption spectra (OA) for InP/ZnS ensembles of colloidal quantum dots (QDs). A phenomenological model has been proposed that takes into account the effects of the exciton–phonon interaction, and allows one to analyze the influence of the static and dynamic types of atomic disorder on the temperature changes in the spectral characteristics in question. To vary the degree of static disorder in the model system, we have used a parameter δ, which characterizes the QD dispersion in size over the ensemble. We have also calculated the temperature shifts of the maxima and changes in the half-width for the exciton peaks in single nanocrystals (δ = 0), as well as for the integrated OA bands in the QD ensembles with different values of δ = 0.6–17%. The simulation results and the OA spectra data measured for InP/ZnS nanocrystals of 2.1 nm (δ = 11.1%) and 2.3 nm (δ = 17.3%), are in good mutual agreement in the temperature range of 6.5 K–RT. It has been shown that the contribution of static disorder to the observed inhomogeneous broadening of the OA bands for the QDs at room temperature exceeds 90%. The computational experiments performed indicate that the temperature shift of the maximum for the integrated OA band coincides with that for the exciton peak in a single nanocrystal. In this case, a reliable estimate of the parameters of the fundamental exciton–phonon interaction can be made. Simultaneously, the values of the specified parameters, calculated from the temperature broadening of the OA spectra, can be significantly different from the true ones due to the effects of static atomic disorder in real QD ensembles.
Immune-Endocrine Alterations During Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related disorder exclusive to human beings, and represents a public health problem worldwide whose etiology is still unknown. As diverse studies have reported, an understanding of the onset and course of this disorder depends on the knowledge about the interaction between the physiological systems of the organism, such as the immune, vascular and endocrine systems. Recently, in Mexican women with preeclampsia we genotyped the family of KIR genes and studied the phenotype of NK cells in peripheral blood and the decidua. Moreover, we are characterizing the proteins, such as HIF-1￻ and two of its more frequent genetic polymorphisms, as well as the pathways of their activa- tion which participate in placental hypoxia The aim of the current study is to review the most recent contributions regard- ing the participation of the immune and vascular system during the development of preeclampsia, and the immunoendo- crine alterations which result of them. Keyworks: NK cells, KIR receptors, preeclampsia, angiogenesis, endometrium.
CDF-LDPC

The raw error rate of a Solid-State drive (SSD) increases gradually with the increase of Program/Erase (P/E) cycles, retention time, and read cycles. Traditional approaches often use Error Correction Code (ECC) to ensure the reliability of SSDs. For error-free flash memory pages, time costs spent on ECC are redundant and make read performance suboptimal. This article presents a CRC-Detect-First LDPC (CDF-LDPC) algorithm to optimize the read performance of SSDs. The basic idea is to bypass Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) decoding of error-free flash memory pages, which can be found using a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code. Thus, error-free pages can be read directly without sacrificing the reliability of SSDs. Experiment results show that the read performance is improved more than 50% compared with traditional approaches. In particular, when idle time of benchmarks and SSD parallelism are exploited, CDF-LDPC can be performed more efficiently. In this case, the read performance of SSDs can be improved up to about 80% compared to that of the state-of-art.
Contextual semantic annotations: modelling and automatic extraction

In this paper we propose an approach to automatically extract annotations by taking into account context in order to obtain a better representation of the document content. Our context is modelled by contextual relations built up from both the structure and the semantics of the text. Our approach requires text documents and a domain ontology as input. It automatically generates a set of contextual semantic annotations represented in RDF.
Cytotoxic, Anti-Migration, and Anti-Invasion Activities on Breast Cancer Cells of Angucycline Glycosides Isolated from a Marine-Derived Streptomyces sp.

Four angucycline glycosides were previously characterized from marine-derived Streptomyces sp. OC1610.4. Further investigation of this strain cultured on different fermentation media from that used previously resulted in the isolation of two new angucycline glycosides, vineomycins E and F (1–2), and five known homologues, grincamycin L (3), vineomycinone B2 (4), fridamycin D (5), moromycin B (7), and saquayamycin B1 (8). Vineomycin F (2) contains an unusual ring-cleavage deoxy sugar. All the angucycline glycosides isolated from Streptomyces sp. OC1610.4 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cells MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and BT-474. Moromycin B (7), saquayamycin B1 (8), and saquayamycin B (9) displayed potent anti-proliferation against the tested cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.16 to 0.67 μM. Saquayamycin B (9) inhibited the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner, as detected by Transwell and wound-healing assays.
MALURLS: A Lightweight Malicious Website Classification Based on URL Features

Surfing the World Wide Web (WWW) is becoming a dangerous everyday task with the Web becoming rich in all sorts of attacks. Websites are a major source of many scams, phishing attacks, identity theft, SPAM commerce and malwares. However, browsers, blacklists and popup blockers are not enough to protect users. That requires fast and accurate systems with the ability to detect new malicious content. We propose a lightweight system to detect malicious websites online based on URL lexical and host features and call it MALURLs. The system relies on Naive Bayes classifier as a probabilistic model to detect if the target website is a malicious or benign. It introduces new features and employs self learning using Genetic Algorithm to improve the classification speed and precision. A small dataset is collected and expanded through GA mutations to learn the system over short time and with low memory usage. A completely independent testing dataset is automatically gathered and verified using different trusted web sources. They algorithm achieves an average precision of 87%.
Interactions between Genetic Variants in the Adiponectin, Adiponectin Receptor 1 and Environmental Factors on the Risk of Colorectal Cancer

Background Metabolic syndrome traits play an important role in the development of colorectal cancer. Adipokines, key metabolic syndrome cellular mediators, when abnormal, may induce carcinogenesis. Methodology/Principal Findings To investigate whether polymorphisms of important adipokines, adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and its receptors, either alone or in combination with environmental factors, are implicated in colorectal cancer, a two-stage case-control study was conducted. In the first stage, we evaluated 24 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tag SNPs) across ADIPOQ ligand and two ADIPOQ receptors (ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2) among 470 cases and 458 controls. One SNP with promising association was then analyzed in stage 2 among 314 cases and 355 controls. In our study, ADIPOQ rs1063538 was consistently associated with increased colorectal cancer risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.94 (95%CI: 1.48–2.54) for CC genotype compared with TT genotype. In two-factor gene-environment interaction analyses, rs1063538 presented significant interactions with smoking status, family history of cancer and alcohol use, with ORs of 4.52 (95%CI: 2.78–7.34), 3.18 (95%CI: 1.73–5.82) and 1.97 (95%CI: 1.27–3.04) for smokers, individuals with family history of cancer or drinkers with CC genotype compared with non-smokers, individuals without family history of cancer or non-drinkers with TT genotype, respectively. Multifactor gene-environment interactions analysis revealed significant interactions between ADIPOQ rs1063538, ADIPOR1 rs1539355, smoking status and BMI. Individuals carrying one, two and at least three risk factors presented 1.18–fold (95%CI:0.89–fold to 1.58–fold), 1.87–fold (95%CI: 1.38–fold to2.54–fold) and 4.39–fold (95%CI: 2.75–fold to 7.01–fold) increased colorectal cancer risk compared with those who without risk factor, respectively (P trend <0.0001). Conclusions/Significance Our results suggest that variants in ADIPOQ may contribute to increased colorectal cancer risk in Chinese and this contribution may be modified by environmental factors, such as smoking status, family history of cancer and BMI.
Compressive sensing based visual tracking using multi-task sparse learning method

In this paper, we propose a compressive sensing based framework for robust visual tracking. As a key part of the tracking framework, a new multi-task sparse learning method is designed to estimate the observation likelihood in order to determine the best target. Compared with the traditional multi-task sparse learning method, our method uses compressed appearance features to achieve multi-task sparse representation. Experimental results show that the proposed visual tracking framework can achieve a better tracking performance than state-of-the-art tracking methods with a significantly reduced computational complexity.
Exploring the Self-enhanced Mechanism of Interactive Advertising Phenomenon - Based on the Research of Three Cases

Under the background of the new media era with the rapid development of interactive advertising, this paper used case study method based on the summary of the research of the communication effect of interactive advertising from both domestic and foreign academia. This paper divided interactive advertising into three types to examine ---- interactive ads on official website, interactive ads based on SNS and interactive ads based on mobile media. Furthermore, this paper induced and summarized a self-enhanced dissemination mechanism of the interactive advertising, including three parts which are micro level, meso level and macro level mechanism, micro level embodies core interaction, inner interaction and outer interaction which reveal the whole process of interact with contents, with people and with computer, and the communication approach and spread speed shown in meso level which is self-fission-type spread, finally in macro level the communication effect of IA achieved the spiral increasing. In a word, this article enriches research procedure of the interactive advertising communication effects.
A closed-loop control allocation method for satellite precision pointing

A closed-loop method is presented to solve the control allocation problem for the satellite precision pointing task. The feedback strategy is used to eliminate the allocation error caused by the unavoidable uncertainty of the control effectiveness matrix. Based on the cascaded generalized inverse method, the closed-loop control allocation system is established. Then, a necessary and sufficient condition for the stability of this system is presented, and the theoretical analysis of the steady-state error and a numerical example reveal that the steady-state error of the closed-loop system is zero. Finally, simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the closed-loop control allocation method, and also show that the closed-loop control allocation method leads to remarkable improvements in the quality of precision pointing.
Primary wall cellulose synthase regulates shoot apical meristem mechanics and growth

ABSTRACT How organisms attain their specific shapes and modify their growth patterns in response to environmental and chemical signals has been the subject of many investigations. Plant cells are at high turgor pressure and are surrounded by a rigid yet flexible cell wall, which is the primary determinant of plant growth and morphogenesis. Cellulose microfibrils, synthesized by plasma membrane-localized cellulose synthase complexes, are major tension-bearing components of the cell wall that mediate directional growth. Despite advances in understanding the genetic and biophysical regulation of morphogenesis, direct studies of cellulose biosynthesis and its impact on morphogenesis of different cell and tissue types are largely lacking. In this study, we took advantage of mutants of three primary cellulose synthase (CESA) genes that are involved in primary wall cellulose synthesis. Using field emission scanning electron microscopy, live cell imaging and biophysical measurements, we aimed to understand how the primary wall CESA complex acts during shoot apical meristem development. Our results indicate that cellulose biosynthesis impacts the mechanics and growth of the shoot apical meristem. Highlighted Article: An interdisciplinary approach reveals that the CELLULOSE SYNTHASE complex influences both physical and biological processes at the shoot apical meristem.
Novel Method for Improving Web Text Classifiers Performance Through Machine Learning

Automatic text classification means assigning text documents to the categories automatically. Web documents are a kind of text documents but they differ in two ways. First, Web documents are structured documents. Second, Web documents have relationship with each other through hyperlinks. In this article we propose a novel method for Web text classification. Our proposed method enhances classifier performance in two steps. First, we try to use Web graph information to create a virtual page for target Web page and use it instead of target Web page. Then we learn classifiers with these virtual pages. Second, we use different classifier methods such as naive Bayes, decision tree, ripper rule learner and SVM and learn these classifiers with different virtual pages. Then we use meta classifier to get all classifier results then combine these results with voting methods. Our experiments show that meta classifier improves classifier performance
Performance Comparison of Selected Bandwidth-Efficient Coded Modulations

Bandwidth-efficient modulations may be used to reduce the possibility of future congestion in the deep-space frequency bands due to a growing demand for higher data rates and to an increasing number of simultaneous missions. High-rate error-correcting codes such as punctured turbo codes and low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes can improve bandwidth usage while still providing large coding gains essential for deep-space communications. This article examines the throughput and bit-error rate performance of various coding and modulation combinations. As the number of such combinations is unlimited, the study concentrates upon bandwidthefficient quadrature modulations compatible with the DSN Block V Receiver and selected turbo and LDPC codes. Capacity limits are derived for modulations under bandwidth constraints, and a comparison of selected uncoded and coded modulation schemes on the basis of bandwidth-normalized throughput and bit-error rate performance, obtained via theory and/or simulation, is presented. The effect of nonlinear amplifier operation is also analyzed. Finally, candidates for high-data-rate Mars missions are identified.
Phorbol Esters Potentiate Evoked and Spontaneous Release by Different Presynaptic Mechanisms

Phorbol esters enhance release from a variety of cell types. The mechanism by which phorbol esters potentiate presynaptic release from central neurons is unclear, although effects of phorbol esters both on the readily releasable pool of vesicles and on presynaptic calcium channels have been shown. Using confocal microscopy and the fluorescent styryl dye FM 1-43, we have examined the effects of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) on presynaptic vesicle turnover at individually identified synapses in dissociated cultures obtained from neonatal rat hippocampus. Using different dye staining and destaining protocols we were able to resolve two effects of PDBu. Potentiation of evoked release by PDBu was insensitive to calcium channel antagonists, suggesting that this effect results from an increased number of vesicles in the readily releasable pool. Since we observed no effect of PDBu on the size of the total recycling vesicle pool, we conclude that phorbol esters alter the equilibrium between reserve and readily releasable pools. An additional effect of PDBu on spontaneous release was observed. This effect was antagonized by nifedipine but not ω-conotoxin GVIA or ω-agatoxin IVA. We conclude that PDBu influences spontaneous and evoked release by two different mechanisms: through L-type calcium channels and through an increase in the proportion of recycling vesicles in the readily releasable pool. In addition to further clarifying the mechanism of action of phorbol esters, these results suggest that phorbol esters may be a useful tool with which to probe the function of the readily releasable pool of presynaptic vesicles at CNS synapses.
Development and Deployment of Air-Launched Drifters from Small UAS

Supercell thunderstorms can form extremely dangerous and destructive tornadoes. While high fidelity supercell simulations have increased the understanding of supercell mechanics to help determine how and when tornadoes form, there is a lack of targeted, in situ measurements taken aboveground in supercells to validate these simulations. Pseudo-Lagrangian drifters (PLDs) are atmospheric probes that can be used to attain thermodynamic measurements in areas that are difficult or dangerous to access, such as from within supercells. Of particular interest in understanding tornadogenesis is the rear-flank downdraft (RFD). However, strong outflow winds behind the rear-flank gust front (RFGF) make the RFD particularly difficult to access with balloon-borne sensors launched from the ground. A specific type of PLD, an air-launched drifter (ALD) that is released from unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), can be used to access RFD inflows, present at higher altitudes. Results from initial tests of ALDs are shown, along with results from a ground-released PLD test during a supercell intercept in the Oklahoma Panhandle on 12 June 2018. In characterization tests performed at the 2018 International Society for Atmospheric Research using Remotely piloted Aircraft (ISARRA) flight week, it was found that the ALD sensor system performs reasonably well against industry standards. However, improvements will be made to increase the aspiration of the sensor.
Cell Integration with Electrospun PMMA Nanofibers, Microfibers, Ribbons, and Films: A Microscopy Study

Tissue engineering requires properly selected geometry and surface properties of the scaffold, to promote in vitro tissue growth. In this study, we obtained three types of electrospun poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) scaffolds—nanofibers, microfibers, and ribbons, as well as spin-coated films. Their morphology was imaged by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and characterized by average surface roughness and water contact angle. PMMA films had a smooth surface with roughness, Ra below 0.3 µm and hydrophilic properties, whereas for the fibers and the ribbons, we observed increased hydrophobicity, with higher surface roughness and fiber diameter. For microfibers, we obtained the highest roughness of 7 µm, therefore, the contact angle was 140°. All PMMA samples were used for the in vitro cell culture study, to verify the cells integration with various designs of scaffolds. The detailed microscopy study revealed that higher surface roughness enhanced cells’ attachment and their filopodia length. The 3D structure of PMMA microfibers with an average fiber diameter above 3.5 µm, exhibited the most favorable geometry for cells’ ingrowth, whereas, for other structures we observed cells growth only on the surface. The study showed that electrospinning of various scaffolds geometry is able to control cells development that can be adjusted according to the tissue needs in the regeneration processes.
Carboxylesterase 2 and Intestine Transporters Contribute to the Low Bioavailability of Allisartan, a Prodrug of Exp3174 for Hypertension Treatment in Humans

Exp3174 is an active metabolite of losartan for the treatment of hypertension. Allisartan (ALS3) is a marketed ester prodrug of Exp3174 to reduce bioavailability variation of losartan in China. However, ALS3 exhibited a lower oral absorption than losartan in humans. In this study, the enzymes and transporters involved in ALS3 and Exp3174 disposition were investigated to clarify the mechanisms. ALS3 underwent extensive hydrolysis to Exp3174 in S9 of Caco-2 cells, human intestine microsomes (HIM), recombinant carboxylesterase (rCES) 1, and rCES2. ALS3 exhibited similar affinity in HIM and rCES2 with Km values of 6.92 and 6.77 μM, respectively, indicating that ALS3 is mainly hydrolyzed to Exp3174 in human intestine by CES2. Transport assays of ALS3 and Exp3174 suggested that ALS3 and Exp3174 are substrates of P-glycoprotein, breast cancer resistance protein, and multidrug resistance protein 2 with poor permeability. Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2B1 showed higher affinity and clearance toward ALS3 (Km 0.75 μM and intrinsic clearance 215 μl/min/mg) than those of Exp3174 (Km 7.85 μM and intrinsic clearance 16.1 μl/min/mg), indicating that ALS3 is preferred to be uptaken into intestinal epithelia. Hydrolysis of ALS3 was increased from approximately 30% to 55% in CES2-transfected human embryonic kidney 293-OATP2B1 cells, indicating the possible interplay between OATP2B1 and CES2. The influx and efflux of ALS3 across Caco-2 cells increased the potential of ALS3 hydrolysis to Exp3174, and the produced Exp3174 was rapidly pumped out, which led to undetectable ALS3 and Exp3174 in basolateral (receiver) side in Caco-2 cells. Overall, our study provided supportive evidences that the interplay between CES2 and transporters in intestine contributes to the low bioavailability of ALS3 in humans.
E-Lanmar: Energy aware LANDMARK selection for Mobile Ad hoc Networks

Routing in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) is crucial as the topology changes occur more frequently. The routing protocol associated with network layer should therefore adhere to the change in topology and thereby provide good Quality of Service. As most of the devices involved in MANET are battery operated, routing of packets, playing an important role in energy consumption, arises the need for energy aware routing. One such proactive protocol which helps to determine route from source to destination is LANMAR, a combination of FSR (Fisheye State Routing) and LANDMARK protocol. The issue associated with this protocol is frequent usage of control messages for LANDMARK selection, which acts as a cluster head to forward the packets from one cluster to another. In this paper we propose a scheme to reduce frequent usage of control messages for LANDMARK selection. The idea is to choose the node with high residual energy as the cluster head which helps to avoid frequent cluster head selection process thereby increase in performance is achieved. The analysis of LANMAR and energy aware LANMAR with mobility is simulated using QualNet simulator. The performance is calculated using metrics like throughput and packet delivery ratio.