Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NAD+ depletion and altered mitochondrial function are key to the establishment of placental dysfunction in an inflammatory-driven subclass of preeclampsia

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy associated hypertensive disease. It is one of the major causes of pregnancy-related maternal/perinatal adverse health outcomes, with a lack of highly effective preventative strategies and/or therapeutic interventions. Our group has previously identified distinct subclasses of pathophysiology underlying a PE diagnosis, one of which exhibits heightened immune activation at the gestational parent-fetal interface, identified as inflammatory-driven PE. In non-pregnant populations, chronic inflammation is associated with reduced cellular availability of NAD+, a vitamin B3-derived metabolite involved in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. Interestingly, specifically in placentas from women with inflammatory-driven PE, we observed increased activity of NAD+-consuming PARP enzymes and reduced NAD+ content. Moreover, these placentas had decreased expression of several mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins and evidence of oxidative damage. This human data was supported by cell culture findings, which likewise demonstrated increased PARP activity, coupled to decreased mitochondrial respiration rates and decreased invasive function of cultured HTR8 human trophoblast cells, following inflammatory induction by TNF-α. Importantly, these adverse inflammatory effects were attenuated by boosting cellular NAD+ levels with nicotinamide riboside (NR). Finally, using an LPS-induced rodent model of inflammatory-driven PE, we demonstrated that NR administration (200mg/kg/day) from gestational day (GD) 1-19 could prevent the development of maternal hypertension and fetal/placental growth restriction, improve placental mitochondrial function, reduce placental inflammation and oxidative stress. Thus, this study demonstrates the critical role of NAD+ metabolism in maintaining healthy placental function and identifies NAD+ boosting as a promising preventative strategy for the inflammatory-driven subclass of PE. One sentence summary Boosting NAD+ levels prevent inflammatory-driven preeclampsia by improving placental mitochondrial function.
Polymer composite materials

1. Полимерный композитный материал, который включает отверждаемый материал матрицы, множество армирующих элементов, вуалирующий слой и множество капсулирующих элементов, при этом капсулирующие элементы нанесены на вуалирующий слой или включены в него, каждый капсулирующий элемент включает оболочечный слой, окружающий индикаторный материал, и полимерный композитный материал имеет исходное состояние, в котором каждый оболочечный слой содержит индикаторный материал, и поврежденное состояние, в котором по меньшей мере один из оболочечны х слоев разрушен и высвобождает индикаторный материал, и полимерный композитный материал переходит из исходного состояния в поврежденное состояние под воздействием на полимерный композитный материал силы известной величины. 2. Полимерный композитный материал по п. 1, где полимерный композитный материал включает слой гелевого покрытия. 3. Полимерный композитный материал по п. 2, в котором слой гелевого покрытия образует поверхностный слой на материале матрицы. 4. Полимерный композитный материал по п. 2 или 3, в котором вуалирующий слой расположен вблизи слоя гелевого покрытия. 5. Полимерный композитный материал по п. 4, в котором вуалирующий слой выполнен с возможностью по существу препятствовать видимости находящихся под ней рисунков через гелевое покрытие. 6. Полимерный композитный материал по п. 1, в котором вуалирующий слой представляет собой нетканую структуру. 7. Полимерный композитный материал по п. 6, в котором вуалирующий слой получен из сложного полиэфира. 8. Полимерный композитный материал по п. 1, в котором материал матрицы представляет собой термопластичный полимер или термо�
Modulation of Arterial Intima Stiffness by Disturbed Blood Flow

Background The intima, comprising the endothelium and the subendothelial matrix, plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerotic plaques, especially in bifurcations and curved segments of arteries. The mechanical stress arising from disturbed blood flow (d-flow) and the stiffening of the arterial wall contributes to endothelial dysfunction. However, the specific impacts of these physical forces on the mechanical environment of the intima remain undetermined. To address this gap in knowledge, we investigated whether inhibiting collagen crosslinking could ameliorate the detrimental effects of persistent d-flow on the mechanical properties of the intima. Methods To explore this hypothesis, we performed partial ligation (PCL) of the left carotid artery (LCA) in male and female C57BL/6J mice, inducing d-flow. The right carotid artery (RCA) served as an internal control. Carotids were collected two days and two weeks after PCL to study acute and chronic effects of d-flow on the mechanical phenotype of the intima. To decouple the chronic effects of d-flow from the ensuing arterial wall stiffening, we used subcutaneous implants delivering either phosphate-buffered saline (Saline) or 150 mg/kg/day of β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN), an inhibitor of elastin and collagen crosslinking lysyl oxidase (LOX) and LOX-like (LOXL) enzymes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements allowed us to determine stiffness of the endothelium and the denuded subendothelial matrix in en face carotid preparations. In addition, we determined the stiffness of human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) cultured on soft and stiff hydrogels. Results Acute exposure to d-flow caused a slight decrease in endothelial stiffness in male mice but had no effect on the stiffness of the subendothelial matrix in either sex. Regardless of sex, the intact endothelium was softer than the subendothelial matrix. In contrast, exposure to chronic d-flow led to a substantial increase in the endothelial and subendothelial stiffness in both sexes. The effects of chronic d-flow were largely prevented by concurrent BAPN administration. Notably, the subendothelial matrix of ligated, BAPN-treated arteries was softer than that of unligated, saline-treated counterparts. Furthermore, HAEC displayed reduced stiffness when cultured on soft vs. stiff hydrogels. Conclusions Exposure to chronic d-flow results in marked stiffening of arterial intima, which can be effectively prevented by pharmacological inhibition of LOX/LOXL enzymes. Highlights Acute exposure to d-flow slightly softens the endothelium in males. Chronic exposure to d-flow causes stiffening of the arterial intima. Inhibition of LOX/LOXL enzymes prevents intimal stiffening arising from chronic d-flow.
“Surviving and Thriving”: Evidence for Cortical GABA Stabilization in Cognitively-Intact Oldest-Old Adults

Cortical GABA levels are reduced in older age; age-related differences in GABA may be associated with age-related cognitive change. The nature of age-related GABA differences in the highest-functioning stratum of the oldest-old (85+) population is not yet known. We extend our previously-reported Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of GABA levels (Porges et al., 2021) across the lifespan with four novel datasets sampling the cognitively-intact oldest-old. The slope of age-related GABA differences in cognitively-intact oldest-old adults flattens after roughly age 80. We interpret these findings as an effect of survivorship: inclusion in the study required intact cognition, and too great a reduction of GABA levels may not be compatible with neurophysiological function needed for intact cognition. This work contributes to a growing body of evidence suggesting that successful cognitive aging may require intact GABAergic function, as well as further characterizing successful aging amongst oldest-old adults.
Simplicity: web-based visualization and analysis of high-throughput cancer cell line screens

High-throughput drug screens are a powerful tool for cancer drug development. However, the results of such screens are often made available only as raw data, which is intractable for researchers without informatic skills, or as highly processed summary statistics, which can lack essential information for translating screening results into clinically meaningful discoveries. To improve the usability of these datasets, we developed Simplicity, a robust and user-friendly web interface for visualizing, exploring, and summarizing raw and processed data from high-throughput drug screens. Importantly, Simplicity allows for easy recalculation of summary statistics at user-defined drug concentrations. This allows Simplicity’s outputs to be used with methods that rely on statistics being calculated at clinically relevant doses. Simplicity can be freely accessed at https://oncotherapyinformatics.org/simplicity/.
Elements of a continuous-wave borehole radar. Final report

The theory is developed for the antenna array for a proposed continuous-wave, ground-penetrating radar for use in a borehole, and field measurements are presented. Accomplishments include the underground measurement of the transmitting beam in the azimuth plane, active azimuth-steering of the transmitting beam, and the development of a range-to-target algorithm. The excellent performance of the antenna array supports the concept of a continuous-wave borehole radar. A field-prototype should be developed for use in both geothermal zones and for the exploration and recovery of oil and gas.
BIRP: Batch-aware Inference Workload Redistribution and Parallel Scheme for Edge Collaboration

The inference workload redistribution is a technique for evacuating inference requests from hot edges to idle edges in edge collaborative systems, thereby achieving inference workload balancing for inference on different edges. However, with the continuous development of edge accelerators, the resource utilization of edge accelerators in executing inference requests in series is often low, and when executing multiple inference requests in parallel, it faces uncertain execution delays, different response-time Service Level Objectives (SLOs), and the generality of inference workloads in heterogeneous edge collaborative systems. To address these issues, for the first time in the domain of inference workload redistribution, we propose a Batch-aware Inference workload Redistribution and Parallel execution scheme, called BIRP, to reduce the additional latency caused by waiting for a single inference task during serial execution, thereby improving the overall inference accuracy. BIRP uses the Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) algorithm to adjust hyperparameters of the Throughput Improvement Ratio (TIR) function online for improving the overall inference accuracy. For nonlinear terms in the problem, BIRP uses a piecewise linear approximation to convert it into a Quadratic Programming (QP) problem, ensuring the effectiveness of BIRP in theory. We prototype BIRP on an edge collaborative system composed of three heterogeneous edges. Based on real inference workload trace, we validate the superiority of our algorithm compared to the state-of-the-art model selection-based inference workload redistribution algorithm, with an overall inference loss reduction of at least 32.9% and the failure rate of SLO has been reduced to 19.8% of alternatives.
Diagnosing diabatic effects on the available energy of stratified flows in inertial and non-inertial frames

The concept of available energy in a stratified fluid is revisited from the point of view of non-canonical Hamiltonian systems. We show that the concept of available energy arises when we minimize the energy subject to the constraints associated with the existence of Lagrangian invariants. The non-canonical structure implies that there exists a class of dynamically equivalent Hamiltonians, related by a local (in phase space) gauge symmetry. A local diagnostic energy can be defined via the Hamiltonian density chosen imposing a specific gauge-fixing condition on the class of dynamically similar Hamiltonians. The gauge-fixing condition that we introduce selects a specific local diagnostic energy which is well suited to study the effect of diabatic processes on the evolution of the available energy. Non-inertial effects, which are notoriously elusive to capture within an energetic framework, are naturally included via conservation of potential vorticity. We apply the framework to stratified flows in inertial and non-inertial frames. For stratified Boussinesq flows, when the initial distribution of potential vorticity is even around the origin, our framework recovers the available potential energy introduced by Holliday & McIntyre (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 107, 1981, pp. 221–225), and as such, depends only on the mass distribution of the flow. In rotating flows, the isopycnals of the ground state are generally not flat, and the ground state may have kinetic energy. We finally demonstrate that flows in non-inertial frames characterized by a low Rossby number ( $Ro$ ), the local diagnostic energy has, to lowest order in $Ro$ , a universal character.
When cheating turns into a stabilizing mechanism of mutualistic networks

Mutualistic interactions, such as plant-mycorrhizal or plant-pollinator interactions, are widespread in ecological communities and frequently exploited by cheaters, species that benefit from interactions without providing commodities in return. Cheating is often thought to negatively affect the fitness of the cheated individuals, but its effect at community level remains poorly studied. Here, we describe two different kinds of cheating in mutualistic networks and show that they have very different consequences for the ecological stability of the community. Conservative cheating is when a species cheat on their mutualistic partners to escape the cost of mutualistic interactions. In contrast, innovative cheating occurs when a species cheats with partners that it would otherwise not have access to. Using a theoretical model, we found that network persistence is negatively affected by conservative cheating but can be enhanced by innovative cheating. Innovative cheating becomes a stabilizing mechanism when cheaters have few mutualistic partners, cheat at low or intermediate frequency and when the cost associated with mutualism is not too high. In this case, the negative effects of cheating on partner persistence are overcompensated at the community level by the positive feedback loops arising in mutualistic networks. Using an empirical dataset of plant-bird interactions, we found that observed cheating patterns are highly consistent with theoretical cheating patterns that increase network persistence. This result suggests that eco-evolutionary dynamics tend to produce cheating patterns that increase the ecological stability of communities. Thus, cheating observed in nature could contribute to stabilize mutualistic communities instead of destabilizing them.
Rehabilitation Needs, Service Provision, and Costs in the First Year Following Traumatic Injuries: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Traumatic injuries, defined as physical injuries with sudden onset, are a major public health problem worldwide. There is a paucity of knowledge regarding rehabilitation needs and service provision for patients with moderate and major trauma, even if rehabilitation research on a spectrum of specific injuries is available. JMIR Res Protoc 2021 | vol. 10 | iss. 4 | e25980 | p. 1 https://www.researchprotocols. org/2021/4/e25980 (page number not for citation purposes) Soberg et al JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
Comparison of Nickel XANES Spectra and Elemental Maps from a Ureilite, a LL3.8 Ordinary Chondrite, two Carbonaceous Chondrites and two Large Cluster IDPs

Nickel in the extraterrestrial world is commonly found in both Fe-Ni sulfide and Fe-Ni met-al forms [1] and in the pure metal state in the interior of iron meteorites where it is not easily oxidized. Ni is also found in olivine, pyroxene and glasses and in some melts the partitioning of Ni between the olivines and glass is controlled by the amount of S in the melt [2]. Its most common valence state is Ni(2+) but Ni also occurs as Ni(0), Ni(+), and Ni(3+) and rarely as Ni(2-), Ni(1-) and Ni(4+) [3]. It's valence state in olivines is Ni(2+) in octa-hedral coordination on the M1 site and rarely on the M2 site. [4]. The chemical sensitivity of X-ray absorp-tion near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy is well established and can be used to determine not only va-lence states but also coordination sites [5]. We report here Ni XANES spectroscopy and elemental maps collected from 2 carbonaceous chondrites, 2 large clus-ter IDPs, 1 ureilite and 1 LL3 orginary chondrite.Using XANES it may be possible to find a common trait in the large cluster IDPs that will also be found in mete-orite samples.
A Groebner-bases algorithm for the computation of the cohomology of Lie (super) algebras

We present an effective algorithm for computing the standard cohomology spaces of finitely generated Lie (super) algebras over a commutative field K of characteristic zero. In order to reach explicit representatives of some generators of the quotient space Z^k/B^k of cocycles Z^k modulo coboundaries B^k, we apply Groebner bases techniques (in the appropriate linear setting) and take advantage of their strength. Moreover, when the considered Lie (super) algebras enjoy a grading -- a case which often happens both in representation theory and in differential geometry --, all cohomology spaces Z^k/B^k naturally split up as direct sums of smaller subspaces, and this enables us, for higher dimensional Lie (super) algebras, to improve the computer speed of calculations. Lastly, we implement our algorithm in the Maple software and evaluate its performances via some examples, most of which have several applications in the theory of Cartan-Tanaka connections.
Eleventh International Scientific Conference KNOWLEDGE IN PRACTICE 16-18 December, 2016 Bansko, Bulgaria

The research is measuring the impact of human capital, the rule of law and protection of property rights on economic growth. The research has been inspired by the works of Acemoglu and his colleagues. Acemoglu (Acemoglu et al. 2014) proves on the sample of tested countries that the rule of law has bigger influence on the development of these societies than the human capital. The findings presented in this type of economic literature point out the importance of selected indicators and the role of international reports (WJR Rule of Law Index 2016, The Human Capital Report 2016, IPRI 2016) in promoting the issue, but also on real implications concerning political factors in the process of restructuring of the institutional infrastructure. The research conducted in this study has taken a sample of eight countries: Austria, Poland, Croatia, Serbia, the Netherlands, Italy, Greece and Bulgaria. Business environment and business climate, path dependence and geopolitical positions differences has been taken into consideration when creating the sample. In the study, the correlation between the human capital index, rule of law and protection of property rights, and the GDP/capita ppp was measured. In all three cases, extremely high values of the Pearson’s coefficient is evident. At the end of survey, the results were compared with the research (Zaric & Babic, 2014) conducted on the same sample of countries from more than 2 years ago. A slight decrease of the values of the overall rule of law index for Serbia is registered, as well as a minimal improvement for the rest of the group of countries (7). The property rights index decreased for all the countries, except Greece where the status quo has been reported. The most significant decrease of this index has been registered in Bulgaria, and in Serbia and Italy, as well. Both studies (2014 and 2016) produced extremely high score correlation of human capital index, the rule of law and protection of property rights with GDP/capita ppp, so the founding hypotheses are additionally anchored. In this study, among the scores of Pearson’s coefficient, the property rights index has the strongest influence on GDP (0.958), while in the previous research the GDP has shown the highest correlation (0.949) with the human capital index (Zaric & Babic, 2014). In the process of development of the 8 countries, a subject of the study, a strong impact was given not only by the classical factors of economic development, but also (as illustrated with Pearson’s coefficient of extremely high values) by institutional factors.
HYDROCHEMICAL FEATURES OF THE SOUTH DOBROGEA'S LAKES AND IMPACT OF THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ON THESE FEATURES

The present paper presents some hydrochemical features of the South Dobrogea's lakes. The study includes the lakes on the Black Sea shore (Siutghiol, Tăbăcărie, Techirghiol and Tatlageac) and on the right side of the Danube River (Bugeac, Oltina, Mârleanu, Iortmac si Vederoasa). The analysis is based on the processing of data concerning the hydrochemical parameters for the years 2006 – 2008 (the data were provided by the "Romanian Waters" National Administration) and the data regarding the pH, the dissolved oxygen (mg/l), the total dissolved solids (g/l) and the salinity (g/l), obtained during summer 2011 (with Hanna intrument HI 9828). The concentration of the major ions are: chlorine (51.78 – 33737 mg/l), sulfate (50.93 – 6296 mg/l), magnesium (38.30 – 2470.42 mg/l) and calcium (25.93 – 206.40 mg/l). The values of the total mineral nitrogen (0.925 – 3.384 mg/l), of the total phosphorus (0.069 – 0.673 mg/l), of the phytoplankton biomass (5.99 – 19.46 mg/l) and of the chlorophyll "a" (44.590 – 601.449 μg/l) include the lakes to the eutrophic and hypertrophic status. In case of the Bugeac, Oltina and Siutghiol lakes, the analyze highlights statistically significant correlations, α = 0.05, between the precipitation (for 10 days, 20 days and 30 days), the daily air temperature and some hydrochemical parameters. Applying Carlson's Trophic State Index, based on the lakes's transparency values during summer 2011 (which were estimated with the Secchi disk), the Bugeac, Oltina, Mârleanu and Tatlageac lakes belong to the hypertrophic status.