Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adipose Overexpression of Heme Oxygenase-1 Does Not Protect against High Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance in Mice

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a stress-responsive enzyme with potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Previous studies have shown that systemic induction of HO-1 by chemical inducers reduces adiposity and improves insulin sensitivity. To dissect the specific function of HO-1 in adipose tissue, we generated transgenic mice with adipose HO-1 overexpression using the adipocyte-specific aP2 promoter. The transgenic (Tg) mice exhibit similar metabolic phenotype as wild type (WT) control under chow-fed condition. High fat diet (HFD) challenge significantly increased the body weights of WT and Tg mice to a similar extent. Likewise, HFD-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance were not much different between WT and Tg mice. Analysis of the adipose tissue gene expression revealed that the mRNA levels of adiponectin and interleukin-10 were significantly higher in chow diet-fed Tg mice as compared to WT counterparts, whereas HFD induced downregulation of adiponectin gene expression in both Tg and WT mice to a similar level. HFD-induced proinflammatory cytokine expression in adipose tissues were comparable between WT and transgenic mice. Nevertheless, immunohistochemistry and gene expression analysis showed that the number of infiltrating macrophages with preferential expression of M2 markers was significantly higher in the adipose tissue of obese Tg mice than WT mice. Further experiment demonstrated that myeloid cells from Tg mice expressed higher level of HO-1 and exhibited greater migration response toward chemoattractant in vitro. Collectively, these data indicate that HO-1 overexpression in adipocytes does not protect against HFD-induced obesity and the development of insulin resistance in mice.
Gluteal muscle activation during common therapeutic exercises.

STUDY DESIGN Experimental laboratory study. OBJECTIVES To quantify and compare electromyographic signal amplitude of the gluteus maximus and gluteus medius muscles during exercises of varying difficulty to determine which exercise most effectively recruits these muscles. BACKGROUND Gluteal muscle weakness has been proposed to be associated with lower extremity injury. Exercises to strengthen the gluteal muscles are frequently used in rehabilitation and injury prevention programs without scientific evidence regarding their ability to activate the targeted muscles. METHODS Surface electromyography was used to quantify the activity level of the gluteal muscles in 21 healthy, physically active subjects while performing 12 exercises. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to compare normalized mean signal amplitude levels, expressed as a percent of a maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), across exercises. RESULTS Significant differences in signal amplitude among exercises were noted for the gluteus medius (F5,90 = 7.9, P<.0001) and gluteus maximus (F5,95 = 8.1, P<.0001). Gluteus medius activity was significantly greater during side-lying hip abduction (mean +/- SD, 81% +/- 42% MVIC) compared to the 2 types of hip clam (40% +/- 38% MVIC, 38% +/- 29% MVIC), lunges (48% +/- 21% MVIC), and hop (48% +/- 25% MVIC) exercises. The single-limb squat and single-limb deadlift activated the gluteus medius (single-limb squat, 64% +/- 25% MVIC; single-limb deadlift, 59% +/- 25% MVIC) and maximus (single-limb squat, 59% +/- 27% MVIC; single-limb deadlift, 59% +/- 28% MVIC) similarly. The gluteus maximus activation during the single-limb squat and single-limb deadlift was significantly greater than during the lateral band walk (27% +/- 16% MVIC), hip clam (34% +/- 27% MVIC), and hop (forward, 35% +/- 22% MVIC; transverse, 35% +/- 16% MVIC) exercises. CONCLUSION The best exercise for the gluteus medius was side-lying hip abduction, while the single-limb squat and single-limb deadlift exercises led to the greatest activation of the gluteus maximus. These results provide information to the clinician about relative activation of the gluteal muscles during specific therapeutic exercises that can influence exercise progression and prescription. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2009;39(7):532-540, Epub 24 February 2009. doi:10.2519/jospt.2009. 2796.
Tag ranking by propagating relevance over tag and image graphs

In this paper, we explore the problem of tag ranking by propagating relevance over community-contributed images and their associated tags. To rank the tags more accurately, we propose a novel tag ranking scheme through a two-stage graph-based relevance propagation approach. The first stage constructs a tag graph on each image and implements a random walk process on it in order to get the initial relevance of each tag for one image and the second stage builds a kNN-sparse image graph and propagates the relevance of tags among the web images. The proposed approach is purely data-driven, since the explicit relevance models between tags and images are not assumed. More importantly, compared to existing tag ranking approaches, we propose to leverage the relevance propagation over two graphs, which take into count not only the relationship among tags but also the relationship among images. Extensive experiments have conducted on the NUS-WIDE dataset have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Analyzing and Forecasting Tourism Demand: A Rough Sets Approach

This article reports a study that applies the rough sets algorithm to tourism demand analysis. Empirical outcomes are a set of automated but practical decision rules for practitioners from data that have a high degree of vagueness. We also introduce two new measures of qualitative noneconomic factors, namely a leisure time index and climate index into the forecasting framework. On the basis of long-haul U.S. and U.K. tourism demand for Hong Kong, empirical results show that leisure time and climate have stronger impacts on tourist arrivals than economic factors. Comprehensible decision rules are generated and tourism demand forecasts attain an accuracy of up to 80%. The findings put forward the importance of qualitative non- economic factors in travel motivation theory and demand analysis.
Vestibular schwannoma presenting as sudden hearing loss Summary

The Sudden Hearing Loss (SHL) is a symptom caused by more than 60 different diseases, including Vestibular Schwannoma (VS). Shaia & Sheehy (1976) presented a study with 1,220 cases of SHL reporting 1% incidence of VS. There is no specific characteristic for the diagnosis of VS and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the gold standard exam to diagnose such disease. Aim: To determine the real incidence of VS presenting as SHL performing MRI in all patients with SHL. Study design: Transversal cohort. Material and Method: Prospective study in which MRI with gadolinium was performed in all patients with SHL in the Emergency Service of Sao Paulo Hospital from April 2001 through May 2003. Results: MRI was performed in 49 patients with symptoms of SHL, with three cases (6.1%) of VS found. Conclusion: The real incidence of VS presenting as SHL may be greater than that mentioned in conventional reports probably because MRI had not been performed in all patients with SHL.
A BRIEF BIOMATHEMATICAL HISTORY OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS: FROM WIGGLESWORTH TO WINFREE

As we know, Arthur Winfree passed away a relatively short time ago. His memory motived us to investigate his great influence in the biomathematical develop- ment of one of the most important branches of Biological Sciences, i.e. the Chronobiol- ogy. In this paper we present the "giants", paraphrasing Newton, on whose shoulders Winfree stood up seeing farther about biological rhythms, as well as some of his con- temporaries. We can appreciate Winfree's influence in the field observing that when he decided change his interest towards other fields, there appeared a certain fading in the number of people working in circadian rhythms from a mathematical point of view. However, the solid basements built by the founders of this branch of Science have allowed that nowadays not only high quality papers of biomathematical contents continue to appear in important journals, but also papers of pure mathematical prob- lems inspired by circadian rhythms. In fact, the building of the interface of Biology and Mathematics has been reinforced in such a manner that both disciplines have mu- tually benefited. Finally, we present a section in which it is possible to appreciate a few articles that have appeared after Winfree. 1 Introduction When we learned that our dear professor and friend Arthur Winfree passed away, being aware of the great importance of his contributions to biomathematics, particularly in biological rhythms, we planned to investigate the evolution of the study of circadian rhythms, whose mathematical study began with Wigglesworth, and which received a formidable impulse with Winfree who initially studied biology and then mathematics. In our investigations on rhythms, we form a group of mathematicians and biologists which studied several of Winfrees's papers that surely have influenced the construction of our mathematical models. 2 The mathematical precursors
Global Synchronization of Delayed Chaotic Neural Networks based on LMI Approach

In this paper, global synchronization approach is discussed for chaotic neural networks with time-varying delay. Under the feedback control of nonlinear state coupling, an effective control law in matrix inequality form has been derived for time-varying delayed chaotic neural networks based on Lyapunov method and LMI technique. The advantage of the proposed approach can be performed efficiently via numerical algorithms such as the interior-point algorithms for solving LMIs. Numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the established synchronization law.
Inflation and Reputation

In many macroeconomic models with rational expectations, optimal policy is time inconsistent, and therefore announced policy may not be credible. This paper models the government's credibility explicitly, using Kreps and Wilson's analysis. Time-consistent optimal government policy emerges as a sequential equilibrium in a repeated game. This policy is at least as good as the inconsistent 'optimal' policy, and dominates the consistent policy when reputational effects are ignored. Thus, the analysis resolves the problem of specifying a credible optimal policy in such models. The results show why attempts to disinflate may lead to recession, even with perfectly flexible prices.
Public Participation, GIS, and Cyberdemocracy: Evaluating on-Line Spatial Decision Support Systems

In this paper we describe the development of Internet-based approaches to public participation and on-line spatial decision support systems in particular. Two case studies in developing web-based public participation GIS (PPGIS), one local and one regional, are described in detail. Results from the live testing of these systems are shown. These are discussed in the light of recent developments in ‘cyberdemocracy’ and conclusions are drawn about principles of on-line PPGIS and problems associated with public participation, user interaction, and familiarity with IT, copyright issues, access to the Internet, and relevant political structures.
Global Identification and Characterization of Both O-GlcNAcylation and Phosphorylation at the Murine Synapse*

O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a dynamic, reversible monosaccharide modifier of serine and threonine residues on intracellular protein domains. Crosstalk between O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation has been hypothesized. Here, we identified over 1750 and 16,500 sites of O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation from murine synaptosomes, respectively. In total, 135 (7%) of all O-GlcNAcylation sites were also found to be sites of phosphorylation. Although many proteins were extensively phosphorylated and minimally O-GlcNAcylated, proteins found to be extensively O-GlcNAcylated were almost always phosphorylated to a similar or greater extent, indicating the O-GlcNAcylation system is specifically targeting a subset of the proteome that is also phosphorylated. Both PTMs usually occur on disordered regions of protein structure, within which, the location of O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation is virtually random with respect to each other, suggesting that negative crosstalk at the structural level is not a common phenomenon. As a class, protein kinases are found to be more extensively O-GlcNAcylated than proteins in general, indicating the potential for crosstalk of phosphorylation with O-GlcNAcylation via regulation of enzymatic activity.
Challenges and Principles of DDoS Defense paper

Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks present an Internet-wide threat. Such attacks depend on large numbers of compromised machines, but solving the problem by completely securing every machine on the Internet is impossible. Solutions located near the victim are subject to congestion and are unable to differentiate between legitimate and attack traffic, while solutions at the source-end networks cannot detect all attacks and are not effective unless widely deployed. Infrastructural approaches are promising, but will face tremendous challenges in popular acceptance and deployment. We argue that solutions to the DDoS problem must be carefully designed to meet certain fundamental principles of security and system design. These principles include using distributed solutions to solve distributed problems, avoiding security solutions that harm legitimate activities, securing a defense system from external and internal threats, having a practical strategy for adoption and completeness. We show how violations of these principles lead to limitations and weaknesses in existing approaches. We then present an example DDoS defense system that adheres to these principles—the Defensive Cooperative Overlay Mesh (DefCOM).
MPS1 and MPS2: novel yeast genes defining distinct steps of spindle pole body duplication

It is crucial to the eucaryotic cell cycle that the centrosome undergo precise duplication to generate the two poles of the mitotic spindle. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, centrosomal functions are provided by the spindle pole body (SPB), which is duplicated at the time of bud emergence in G1 of the cell cycle. Genetic control of this process has previously been revealed by the characterization of mutants in CDC31 and KAR1, which prevent SPB duplication and lead to formation of a monopolar spindle. Newly isolated mutations described here (mps1 and mps2, for monopolar spindle) similarly cause monopolar mitosis but their underlying effects on SPB duplication are unique. The MPS1 gene is found by electron microscopy to be essential for proper formation of the site at which the new SPB normally arises adjacent to the existing one. By contrast, a mutation in MPS2 permits duplication to proceed, but the newly formed SPB is structurally defective and unable to serve as a functional spindle pole. Distinct temporal requirements for the CDC31, MPS1, and MPS2 gene functions during the SPB duplication cycle further demonstrate the individual roles of these genes in the morphogenetic pathway.
A multilateral filtering method applied to airplane runway image

By considering the features of the airport runway image filtering, an improved bilateral filtering method was proposed which can remove noise with edge preserving. Firstly the steerable filtering decomposition is used to calculate the sub-band parameters of 4 orients, and the texture feature matrix is then obtained from the sub-band local median energy. The texture similar, the spatial closer and the color similar functions are used to filter the image.The effect of the weighting function parameters is qualitatively analyzed also. In contrast with the standard bilateral filter and the simulation results for the real airport runway image show that the multilateral filtering is more effective than the standard bilateral filtering.
Low-Complexity Decoding of Repeat-Accumulate Codes over Quasi-Static Fading Channels

We consider iterative decoding of repeat- accumulate (RA) codes over frequency-flat, quasi- static fading channels. A soft-input, soft-output decoder is proposed for the inner convolutional decoding, which fuses the decoding approach of the soft-output Viterbi algorithm and the estimation approach of the maximum-likelihood sequence detector. The decoder deploys trellis search algorithm based on the generalized likelihood ratio test, whereby the channel state information is acquired implicitly using both the pilot and data signals during the decoding process. Through simulations, we show that the RA decoding with the proposed decoder has much better error performance than standard RA decoding with pilot-symbol- assisted channel estimation, while having approximately the same computational complexity. Compared with the conventional scheme of iterative channel estimation and decoding, the proposed decoder has much simpler structure and requires significantly less computational power, although it incurs some loss in error performance.
A review of developments from fuzzy rule bases to fuzzy functions

We first touch upon a Philosophical Grounding of fuzzy theory expressed by Pierce and Zadeh. Then we first review briefly basic and well known fuzzy rule base models and their variations as well as our fuzzy functions with LSE and their enhanced version. We propose a potential future investigation for the basic structure of fuzzy function models generated with a multiplicative affect of membership values.
Understanding Network Effects in Software Markets: Evidence from Web Server Pricing

Prior theoretical research has established that many software products are subject to network effects and exhibit the characteristics of two-sided markets. However, despite the importance of the software industry to the world economy, few studies have attempted to empirically examine these characteristics, or several others which theory suggests impact software price. This study develops and tests a research-grounded model of two-sided software markets that accounts for several key factors influencing software pricing, including network externalities, cross-market complementarities, standards, mindshare, and trialability. Applying the model to the context of the market for Web server software, several key findings are offered. First, a positive market share to price relationship is identified, offering support for the network externalities hypothesis even though the market examined is based on open standards. Second, the results suggest that the market under study behaves as a two-sided market in that firms able to capture market share for one product enjoy benefits in terms of both market share and price for the complement. Third, the positive price benefits of securing consumer mindshare, of supporting dominant standards, and from offering a trial product are demonstrated. Last, a negative price shock is also identified in the period after a well-known, free-pricing rival has entered the market. Nonetheless, network effects continued to remain significant during the period. These findings enhance our understanding of software markets, offer new techniques for examining such markets, and suggest the wisdom of allocating resources to develop advantages in the factors studied.
Similarity-Based Visualization of Time Series Collections: An Application to Analysis of Streamflows

Time series analysis poses many challenges to professionals in a wide range of domains. Several visualization solutions have been proposed for exploratory tasks on time series collections. For large data sets, however, current techniques fail to provide a global view that supports a good association between groups of similar time series. We employ fast multidimensional projection techniques to create concise visual representations of a collection of time series. The whole collection can be viewed in a two-dimensional graph-based representation that provides a starting point for further exploration and detailed analysis. The projections employ distance metrics to compare the series and generate a layout that attempts to group those with similar behavior. We illustrate the approach on a real data set containing streamflows describing the behavior of hydroelectric power plants in Brazil.
Emotional dysfunction associated with diabetes in Mexican adolescents and young adults with type-1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To assess the emotional dysfunction associated with diabetes in Mexican young individuals with type-1 diabetes. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted to perform a complete clinical and psychosocial evaluation of 93 consecutive type-1 diabetes patients, and 14 to 30 years. RESULTS Adolescents had higher scores of emotional dysfunction related to diabetes and a diminished knowledge in diabetes-related areas. A multivariate logistic regression model showed that an inadequate emotional response to diabetes (high problem areas in diabetes or PAID scores) was mainly associated with a poor glycemic control (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 0.9-9.7, p = 0.09). Apprehension about the future and the possibility of serious complications had the highest mean PAID score in all age groups. CONCLUSIONS New strategies should be developed to improve the routine care and support of young individuals with type-1 diabetes.
Managing selection in changing organizations : human resource strategies

Foreword. ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT. Selection for a Changing Workplace. Integrating Selections with Other Organizational Processes and Systems. Demonstrating the Value of Selection in Organizations. Managing "Customers" of Selection Processes. Selection Programs in a Union Environment: A Commentary. Selection in Team Contexts. Cultural Context in Adapting Selection Practices Across Boarders. REGULATORY CONTEXT. Employment Risk Management. Accommodations for Persons with Disabilities. PROFESSIONAL CONTEXT. The Relationship Between I/O Psychology and Public Policy: A Commentary. Research and Practice in Selection.