Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Building Event Threads out of Multiple News Articles

We present an approach for building multidocument event threads from a large corpus of newswire articles. An event thread is basically a succession of events belonging to the same story. It helps the reader to contextualize the information contained in a single article, by navigating backward or forward in the thread from this article. A specific effort is also made on the detection of reactions to a particular event. In order to build these event threads, we use a cascade of classifiers and other modules, taking advantage of the redundancy of information in the newswire corpus. We also share interesting comments concerning our manual annotation procedure for building a training and testing set 1 .
UAV Based Search and Rescue with Honeybee Flight Behavior in Forest

In this paper, we present a search-and-rescue maneuver algorithm for UAV using bio-inspired honeybee natural behavior. The system is designed for condition when the target is located in unreachable and dangerous area such as forest. The proposed system consists of two main features. First is distinguishing targets at different distances by monitoring the size of bounding box which produced by You Only Looked Once (YOLO). The second point is the approach movement of UAV towards detected target. The expansion size of bounding box is become the input system to generate speed control of the vehicle. As the output system, the UAV's linear and angular speed direct the vehicle close to the target location. On the other hand, YOLO is applied to recognize the number of targets which have been successfully detected in the mission. The feasibility of the proposed system is demonstrated using unmanned aerial vehicle in the real environment. The experiment results show that the system has performed with approaching time 34 seconds and 83% accuracy.
Randomized controlled trial of dexamphetamine maintenance for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence.

AIM To investigate the safety and efficacy of once-daily supervised oral administration of sustained-release dexamphetamine in people dependent on methamphetamine. DESIGN Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS Forty-nine methamphetamine-dependent drug users from Drug and Alcohol Services South Australia (DASSA) clinics. INTERVENTION Participants were assigned randomly to receive up to 110 mg/day sustained-release dexamphetamine (n = 23) or placebo (n = 26) for a maximum of 12 weeks, with gradual reduction of the study medication over an additional 4 weeks. Medication was taken daily under pharmacist supervision. MEASUREMENTS Primary outcome measures included treatment retention, measures of methamphetamine consumption (self-report and hair analysis), degree of methamphetamine dependence and severity of methamphetamine withdrawal. Hair samples were analysed for methamphetamine using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. FINDINGS Treatment retention was significantly different between groups, with those who received dexamphetamine remaining in treatment for an average of 86.3 days compared with 48.6 days for those receiving placebo (P = 0.014). There were significant reductions in self-reported methamphetamine use between baseline and follow-up within each group (P < 0.0001), with a trend to a greater reduction among the dexamphetamine group (P = 0.086). Based on hair analysis, there was a significant decrease in methamphetamine concentration for both groups (P < 0.0001). At follow-up, degree of methamphetamine dependence was significantly lower in the dexamphetamine group (P = 0.042). Dexamphetamine maintenance was not associated with serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The results of this preliminary study have demonstrated that a maintenance pharmacotherapy programme of daily sustained-release amphetamine dispensing under pharmacist supervision is both feasible and safe. The increased retention in the dexamphetamine group, together with the general decreases in methamphetamine use, degree of dependence and withdrawal symptom severity, provide preliminary evidence that this may be an efficacious treatment option for methamphetamine dependence.
Differential gene expression and immunolocalization of insulin‐like growth factors and insulin‐like growth factor binding proteins between experimental nonunions and standard healing fractures

Insulin‐like growth factors (IGF‐I/II) are important growth factors in bone, and their actions are regulated by six IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). However, little is known about their exact functions in fracture healing. The aim of this study was to compare the gene expression and immunolocalization of IGFs and IGFBPs between standard healing fractures and nonunions using rat experimental models. Standard healing fractures and nonunions produced by periosteal cauterization at the fracture site were created in rat femurs. At postfracture days 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28, total RNA was extracted from the callus of the healing fractures and the fibrous tissue of the nonunions, and gene expression were analyzed by real‐time PCR. Additionally, immunolocalization of these proteins was studied by immunohistochemistry at postfracture days 7, 14, and 21. In nonunions, the gene expression of IGF‐I/II and IGFBP‐6 was significantly higher, and that of IGFBP‐5 was significantly lower at several time points. The immunolocalization of IGF‐I/II and IGFBP‐5 was widely distributed in both models. In contrast, that of IGFBP‐6 was barely detected in the fracture callus. In conclusion, our results suggest that IGFs/IGFBPs may have important roles not only in fracture healing but also in nonunion formation. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1820–1826, 2011
Asf1 facilitates dephosphorylation of Rad53 after DNA double-strand break repair

In this study, Tsabar et al. investigated how the DNA damage checkpoint is extinguished and found that dissociation of histone H3 from Asf1, a histone chaperone, is required for efficient recovery. They also show that Asf1 is required for complete dephosphorylation of Rad53 when the upstream DNA damage checkpoint signaling is turned off, providing new insights into the mechanisms regulating the response to DNA damage.
A problem-solving task specialized for functional neuroimaging: validation of the Scarborough adaptation of the Tower of London (S-TOL) using near-infrared spectroscopy

Problem-solving is an executive function subserved by a network of neural structures of which the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is central. Whereas several studies have evaluated the role of the DLPFC in problem-solving, few standardized tasks have been developed specifically for use with functional neuroimaging. The current study adapted a measure with established validity for the assessment of problem-solving abilities to design a test more suitable for functional neuroimaging protocols. The Scarborough adaptation of the Tower of London (S-TOL) was administered to 38 healthy adults while hemodynamic oxygenation of the PFC was measured using 16-channel continuous-wave functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Compared to a baseline condition, problems that required two or three steps to achieve a goal configuration were associated with higher activation in the left DLPFC and deactivation in the medial PFC. Individuals scoring higher in trait deliberation showed consistently higher activation in the left DLPFC regardless of task difficulty, whereas individuals lower in this trait displayed less activation when solving simple problems. Based on these results, the S-TOL may serve as a standardized task to evaluate problem-solving abilities in functional neuroimaging studies.
Simplicity, the blind borrower and neuroeconomics

We are indebted to Hershey Friedman (2002) for his in- depth analysis of the sin of placing a stumbling block before a blind person (Leviticus 19:14). This is generally referred to as lifnei iver which is an abbreviation of lifnei iver lo sitten michshol (before the blind do not place a stumbling block). The aspects of this expression can be summarised as follows: 1 The literal meaning: Friedman (p.1) refers to the view that the literal sense is intended by Leviticus while the metaphorical meaning is added in the oral torah. However Rambam (Mishnah torah , Sefer Ha- mitzvot, lo ta’aseh , 298) says that the literal meaning is not intended because it is covered elsewhere. 2 Superior information: do not give bad, self - interested advice to someone with inferior information. An example is persuading someone to sell his field for a donkey in order to get the field (Sifra, Kedoshim, parshasa 2, perek 7). 3 Leading astray: do not provide a person with the means of commit ting a sin if, without your help, he could not commit it or could only commit it with greater difficulty. An example would be giving wine to a nazirite (Babylonian Talmud, Avodah Zara, 6b). The Rambam reads this and the preceding case together in that bad advice includes help in transgressing the torah (op cit: 299). 4 Beguiling the vulnerable: do not cause a person who is one or more of vulnerable, gullible, artless, irrational – an ingenu prone to temptation to act against his interests. Minchas Chinuch at paragraph 232 touches on this aspect of lifnei iver in the words lo lehachshil tam baderech ‘do not trip up a tam on the way’. The meaning of tam is discussed in detail later.
Importance sampling simulation for evaluating the lower-bound BER of the Bayesian DFE

An importance sampling (IS) simulation technique, originally derived by Iltis (1995) for Bayesian equalizers, is extended to evaluate the lower-bound bit error rate of the Bayesian decision feedback equalizer (under the assumption of correct decisions being fed back). Using a geometric translation approach, it is shown that the two subsets of opposite-class channel states are always linearly separable. A design procedure is presented, which chooses appropriate bias vectors for the simulation density to ensure asymptotic efficiency of the IS simulation.
A modified state variable diagram method for determination of positive realizations of linear continuous-time systems with delays

A new modified state variable diagram method is proposed for determination of positive realizations of linear continuoustime systems with delays in state and input vectors. Using the method, it is possible to find a positive realization with reduced numbers of delays for a given transfer matrix. Sufficient conditions for the existence of positive realizations of given proper transfer matrices are established. The proposed method is demonstrated on numerical examples.
Emotional Expression in Simple Line Drawings of a Robot's Face Leads to Higher Offers in the Ultimatum Game

In the present study, we investigated whether expressing emotional states using a simple line drawing to represent a robot's face can serve to elicit altruistic behavior from humans. An experimental investigation was conducted in which human participants interacted with a humanoid robot whose facial expression was shown on an LCD monitor that was mounted as its head (Study 1). Participants were asked to play the ultimatum game, which is usually used to measure human altruistic behavior. All participants were assigned to be the proposer and were instructed to decide their offer within 1 min by controlling a slider bar. The corners of the robot's mouth, as indicated by the line drawing, simply moved upward, or downward depending on the position of the slider bar. The results suggest that the change in the facial expression depicted by a simple line drawing of a face significantly affected the participant's final offer in the ultimatum game. The offers were increased by 13% when subjects were shown contingent changes of facial expression. The results were compared with an experiment in a teleoperation setting in which participants interacted with another person through a computer display showing the same line drawings used in Study 1 (Study 2). The results showed that offers were 15% higher if participants were shown a contingent facial expression change. Together, Studies 1 and 2 indicate that emotional expression in simple line drawings of a robot's face elicits the same higher offer from humans as a human telepresence does.
Speech vs. touch-tone: Telephony interfaces for information access by low literate users

Information access by low literate users is a difficult task. Critical information, such as in the field of healthcare, can often mean the difference between life and death. We have developed spoken language interface prototypes aimed at low literate users, and tested them with community health workers in Pakistan. We present results showing that 1) in contrast to previous reports in the literature, well-designed speech interfaces significantly outperform touch-tone equivalents for both low-literate and literate users, and that 2) literacy significantly impacts task success for both modalities.
Recycling probability and dynamical properties of germinal center reactions.

We introduce a new model for the dynamics of centroblasts and centrocytes in a germinal center. The model reduces the germinal center reaction to the elements considered as essential and embeds proliferation of centroblasts, point mutations of the corresponding antibody types represented in a shape space, differentiation to centrocytes, selection with respect to initial antigens, differentiation of positively selected centrocytes to plasma or memory cells and recycling of centrocytes to centroblasts. We use exclusively parameters with a direct biological interpretation such that, once determined by experimental data, the model gains predictive power. Based on the experiment of Han et al. (1995b) we predict that a high rate of recycling of centrocytes to centroblasts is necessary for the germinal center reaction to work reliably. Furthermore, we find a delayed start of the production of plasma and memory cells with respect to the start of point mutations, which turns out to be necessary for the optimization process during the germinal center reaction. The dependence of the germinal center reaction on the recycling probability is analysed.
Can Homeopathic Arsenic Remedy Combat Arsenic Poisoning in Humans Exposed to Groundwater Arsenic Contamination?: A Preliminary Report on First Human Trial

Groundwater arsenic (As) has affected millions of people globally distributed over 20 countries. In parts of West Bengal (India) and Bangladesh alone, over 100 million people are at risk, but supply of As-free water is grossly inadequate. Attempts to remove As by using orthodox medicines have mostly been unsuccessful. A potentized homeopathic remedy, Arsenicum Album-30, was administered to a group of As affected people and thereafter the As contents in their urine and blood were periodically determined. The activities of various toxicity marker enzymes and compounds in the blood, namely aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione, were also periodically monitored up to 3 months. The results are highly encouraging and suggest that the drug can alleviate As poisoning in humans.
Lack of association between genotypes and subtypes of HCV and occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt

The distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes was evaluated in individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis in Egypt. A total of 206 patients sero‐positive for HCV‐RNA among 400 surveyed individuals (186 with HCC, 100 with cirrhosis, and 114 healthy volunteers) were analyzed for HCV genotype. Of 206 patients, 129 had HCC, 65 had cirrhosis without HCC, and 12 were healthy volunteers. Phylogenetic analysis of sequence showed that of 206 samples, 186 contained HCV genotype 4 (90.3%), while 20 had HCV genotype 1 (9.7%). Among subjects with genotype 4, subtype 4a was predominant (79%), other subtypes included 4d, 4m, 4n, and 4o. Among those with HCV genotype 1, 15 had subtype 1g and five subtype 1a. Although subtype 4a was noted slightly more frequently in HCC (76%) compared to cirrhosis (66%) and controls (50%), there was no statistically significant difference between these three groups (P = 0.08). In conclusion, HCV genotype 4 predominates in Egypt. There was no association between subtypes of genotype 4 and the development of HCC. J. Med. Virol. 81:844–847, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Swarm approach for a connectivity problem in wireless networks

We consider the problem of assigning transmission powers to the nodes of a wireless network in such a way that all the nodes are connected by bidirectional links and the total power consumption is minimized. Since no central authority (with a global vision of the network) exists in wireless networks, only distributed, swarm approaches can be used. We present a distributed protocol that embeds well-known centralized techniques for power minimization, here used in a local, distributed fashion. The result can be seen as a complex adaptive system (the global network), where global optimization emerges as a result of the behavior of local nodes, each one carrying out a myopic, local optimization. Computational results, proving the effectiveness of the new protocol, are finally presented.
Neoplastic responses and correlated plasma prolactin levels in diethylstilbestrol-treated ACI and Sprague-Dawley rats.

Pellets containing 5 mg (/sup 3/H) diethylstilbestrol (DES) and 15 mg cholesterol were implanted S.C. in 84-day-old female Sprague-Dawley (S-D) and ACl rats. DES was released from the implanted pellets exponentially, and the release was not significantly different in S-D rats than in ACl rats. No mammary tumors developed in any treated or untreated S-D rats. In contrast, 90% of the DES-treated ACl rats developed mammary adenocarcinomas. A significant increase in the weight of the pituitary was noted in DES-treated ACl rats. The pituitarities of the treated ACl rats were 2 to 7 times as heavy as were controls, and plasma prolactin levels were 10 to 40 times higher than in controls. In contrast, the pituitaries of treated S-D rats did not significantly increase in weight, and plasma prolactin levels were only 3 to 5 times higher than controls. The uteri of treated S-D rats were significantly heavier than those of control rats and contained large amounts of fluid. This effect was not seen in ACl rats. Although the release of DES from the implanted pellet was essentially the same in ACl and S-D rats, three distinctive strain differences in response to DES were noted: mammary adenocarcinomas were found onlymore » in treated ACl rats; pituitary prolactin-cell adenomas and associated elevated plasma prolactins levels were seen only in treated ACl rats; and pyometritis was induced only in treated S-D rats. Mammary adenocarcinomas and prolactin-cell adenoma responses in the treated ACl rats appear to be correlated with the increasing levels of plasma prolactin. This study demonstrates that the prolonged estrogen treatment of ACl and S-D female rats produces distinctly different mammary and pituitary neoplastic responses. This disparity in neoplastic responses appears to be reflected in the difference of degree to which the hypophysical prolactin cells are stimulated to grow and secrete hormone. « less
Resilience-Driven Parameterisation of Ad Hoc Routing Protocols: olsrd as a Case Study

Ad hoc routing protocols are threatened by a variety of accidental and malicious faults that limit their use. Although a number of well-known strategies exist to enhance the performance and resilience of such type of protocols, their final effectiveness strongly relies on the usage of appropriate protocol configuration parameters. This paper investigates how to parameterise ad hoc routing protocols to combine high performance, with acceptable levels of resilience and low consumption of resources. The research places the spotlight on olsrd, an ad hoc proactive routing protocol able to run on real devices and deploy challenge-response authentication, packet signature and fault tolerance strategies at runtime. The reported practical experience is carried out in different ad hoc networking contexts integrating different types of devices, thus checking the influence that mobility of nodes and device resource constraints have on the parameterisation of the different protocol features considered.
Modulation indices and plan delivery accuracy of volumetric modulated arc therapy

Abstract Purpose We evaluated the performance of various modulation indices (MI) for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) to predict plan delivery accuracy. Methods The specific indices evaluated were MI quantifying the mechanical uncertainty (MI t), MI quantifying the mechanical and dose calculation uncertainties (MI c), MI for station parameter optimized radiation therapy (MISPORT), modulation complexity score for VMAT (MCS v), leaf travel modulation complexity score (LTMCS), plan averaged beam area (PA), plan averaged beam irregularity (PI), plan averaged beam modulation (PM), and plan normalized monitor unit (PMU) to predict VMAT delivery accuracy. By utilizing 240 VMAT plans generated with the Trilogy and TrueBeam STx, Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (r) were calculated between the MIs and measures of conventional methods. Results For the Trilogy system, MI c showed the highest r values with gamma passing rates (GPRs) (r = −0.624 with P < 0.001 for MapCHECK2 and r = −0.655 with P < 0.001 for ArcCHECK). For TrueBeam STx, MI c also showed the highest r values with GPRs (r = −0.625 with P < 0.001 for the MapCHECK2 and r = −0.561 with P < 0.001 for the ArcCHECK). The MI t and MI c showed the highest r values to the MLC position errors for the Trilogy and TrueBeam STx systems (r = 0.770 with P < 0.001 and r = 0.712 with P < 0.001, respectively). The PA showed the highest percent of r values (P < 0.05) to differences in the dose‐volume parameters between original VMAT plans and actual deliveries for the Trilogy systems (30.9%). Both the MI t and MI c showed the highest percent of r values (P < 0.05) to differences in the dose‐volume parameters between original VMAT plans and actual deliveries for the TrueBeam STx systems (31.8%). Conclusion To comprehensively review the results, the MI c showed the best performance to predict the VMAT delivery accuracy.
Responses during Sepsis Interactions Exacerbate Innate Immune CCR1 and CC Chemokine Ligand 5

CCR1 has previously been shown to play important roles in leukocyte trafﬁcking, pathogen clearance, and the type 1/type 2 cytokine balance, although very little is known about its role in the host response during sepsis. In a cecal ligation and puncture model of septic peritonitis, CCR1-deﬁcient (CCR1 (cid:1) / (cid:1) ) mice were signiﬁcantly protected from the lethal effects of sepsis when compared with wild-type (WT) controls. The peritoneal and systemic cytokine proﬁle in CCR1 (cid:1) / (cid:1) mice was characterized by a robust, but short-lived and regulated antibacterial response. CCR1 expression was not required for leukocyte recruitment, suggesting critical differences extant in the activation of WT and CCR1 (cid:1) / (cid:1) resident or recruited peritoneal cells during sepsis. Peritoneal macrophages isolated from naive CCR1 (cid:1) / (cid:1) mice clearly demonstrated enhanced cytokine/chemokine generation and antibacterial responses compared with similarly treated WT macrophages. CCR1 and CCL5 interactions markedly altered the inﬂammatory response in vivo and in vitro. Administration of CCL5 increased sepsis-induced lethality in WT mice, whereas neutralization of CCL5 improved survival. CCL5 acted in a CCR1-dependent manner to augment production of IFN- (cid:2) and MIP-2 to damaging levels. These data illustrate that the interaction between CCR1 and CCL5 modulates the innate immune response during sepsis, and both represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 173: 6938–6948.