Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Content-Oriented Architecture for Publish/Subscribe Systems

With the user behavior of Internet shifting towards data dissemination and retrieval, Information Centric Networking (ICN) is proposed to suit these demands. ICN treats content as the first-class entity, with nodes exchanging information based on the names of the content instead of the IP addresses of the end points requesting or providing the content. This shift from a “location-based” network to a “content-centric” network allows more efficient data dissemination, especially when the content may be available at multiple points, or the provider or consumer is mobile. Publish/Subscribe (pub/sub) is another important content-centric communication model where publishers and subscribers only focus on the data rather than the location of each other. However, most of the ICN proposals do not have direct support for pub/sub. This inevitably results in pub/sub being implemented via polling which leads to higher network load, higher publisher load and longer latency. This dissertation tackles the shortcomings of existing solutions and provides a full-fledge solution for efficient pub/sub communication in ICN. By enhancing Named Data Networking (NDN) in the network layer, Content Oriented Network for Publish/Subscribe Systems (COPSS) is able to support best-effort push-based multicast that is required by pub/sub. A transport-layer protocol (Control Protocol for Scalable and Adaptive Information Dissemination (SAID)) is proposed to satisfy the need for reliability and congestion control during pub/sub. The protocol attempts to solve a long-standing issue of multicast congestion control by separating congestion control from reliability. In the application layer, an object resolution system (Object Resolution Framework in Information-Centric Environment (ORICE)) similar to a search engine is proposed to help users get identities of the data that they might need. The efficiency of the architecture is evaluated via applications that emulate Twitter, gaming, VoD and file transfer. Results show that the architecture can outperform existing pullbased ICN solutions in terms of response latency, network load and publisher load. Additionally, this dissertation extends the concept of content-concentricity to a common and important network management issue – service chaining. The design proves that this concept can be incorporated into many network designs and has the potential to make these systems more efficient and dynamic.
Social Networks of an Emergent Massively Collaborative Creation Community

The Web technology enables numerous people to collaborate in creation. We designate it as massively collaborative creation via the Web. It is coming to produce important activities such as Wikipedia and Yahoo Answers. As an example of massively collaborative creation, we particularly examine video development on Nico Nico Douga, which is a video sharing website that is popular in Japan. We specifically examine videos on Hatsune Miku, a version of a singing synthesizer application software that has inspired not only song creation but also songwriting, illustration, and video editing. As described herein, creators interact to create new contents though their social network. As described in this paper, we analyzed the process of developing thousands of videos based on creators’ social networks. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relations among social networks and creation activities.
Predicting phenology by integrating ecology, evolution and climate science

Forecasting how species and ecosystems will respond to climate change has been a major aim of ecology in recent years. Much of this research has focused on phenology – the timing of life‐history events. Phenology has well‐demonstrated links to climate, from genetic to landscape scales; yet our ability to explain and predict variation in phenology across species, habitats and time remains poor. Here, we outline how merging approaches from ecology, climate science and evolutionary biology can advance research on phenological responses to climate variability. Using insight into seasonal and interannual climate variability combined with niche theory and community phylogenetics, we develop a predictive approach for species’ reponses to changing climate. Our approach predicts that species occupying higher latitudes or the early growing season should be most sensitive to climate and have the most phylogenetically conserved phenologies. We further predict that temperate species will respond to climate change by shifting in time, while tropical species will respond by shifting space, or by evolving. Although we focus here on plant phenology, our approach is broadly applicable to ecological research of plant responses to climate variability.
Comparative analysis of global hand appearance-based person recognition

We provide a survey of hand biometric techniques in the literature and incorporate several novel results of hand-based per- sonal identification and verification. We compare several feature sets in the shape-only and shape-plus-texture categories, empha- sizing the relevance of a proper hand normalization scheme in the success of any biometric scheme. The preference of the left and right hands or of ambidextrous access control is explored. Since the business case of a biometric device partly hinges on the longevity of its features and the generalization ability of its database, we have tested our scheme with time-lapse data as well as with subjects that were unseen during the training stage. Our experiments were con- ducted on a hand database that is an order of magnitude larger than any existing one in the literature. © 2008 SPIE and IS&T.
Inverse Fractional Knapsack Problem with Profits and Costs Modification

We address in this paper the problem of modifying both profits and costs of a fractional knapsack problem optimally such that a prespecified solution becomes an optimal solution with prespect to new parameters. This problem is called the inverse fractional knapsack problem. Concerning the $l_1$-norm, we first prove that the problem is NP-hard. The problem can be however solved in quadratic time if we only modify profit parameters. Additionally, we develop a quadratic-time algorithm that solves the inverse fractional knapsack problem under $l_\infty$-norm.
Opportunistic relaying for cognitive network with multiple primary users over Nakagami-m fading

The performance of cognitive spectrum sharing systems with opportunistic relay selection over Nakagami-m fading is analyzed in the presence of multiple primary users (PUs). In particular, we derive an exact closed-form expression for the outage probability (OP) of the considered cognitive relay systems under the joint impact of maximal transmit power Pt at secondary transmitter and peak interference power Ip at the primary user. Our general formulas cover several specific practical scenarios, e.g., where the maximal transmit power can be neglected compared to the peak interference power. In addition, a tractable expression for the asymptotic OP is also derived and reveals important insights into the system performance. We show that the number of PUs only affects the coding gain but not the diversity gain.
Differential Short-Term Repeated Forearm Hyperaemic Reactivity in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Compared to Healthy Low Risk Participants

The hyperaemic response of the forearm is a widely used technique to assess the vascular reactivity. Little is known about the short-term reproducibility and the possible exhaustion of this response in normal or diseased states. As such, the current study was conducted to assess this phenomenon using a unique nuclear medicine- (NM-) based technique. 19 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing NM exercise stress tests and 15 low risk (LR) participants completed 2 reactive hyperaemia tests, using a SPECT-based technique, separated by 15 min. Analyses revealed that CAD patients had lower hyperaemic responses than LR participants (P < .001), and that there was a significant group × time interaction (P < .005), such that LR participants showed a larger decrease in the reactivity (5.2 ± 0.4 to 3.6 ± 0.4) than the CAD patients (2.9 ± 0.3 to 2.6 ± 0.3). These results suggest that there is a variability, due to disease states, in the reproducibility of the hypaeremic reactivity. This needs to be taken into account in short-term repeated measure studies.
Community e-gateways: locating networks and learning for social inclusion

The provision of community e-gateways (community-based facilities providing public access to computers and the Internet) has been seen as a way to address the 'digital divide', particularly for people from deprived neighbourhoods. In the UK, policy and practitioner literature has stressed that for these centres to be successful they need to have strong social connections and be able to provide opportunities for interactive learning and content creation. Through a detailed analysis of one community e-gateway, which formed part of a wider study of public access provision, this article analyses the strengths and weaknesses of this advice drawing on broader sociological literature relating to social networks, network mapping and communities of practice. It concludes that greater attention needs to be paid to the significance of weak ties, two-way boundary spanning and the resource requirements of social networks for the policy objectives to be fully achieved.
Migration in the age of involuntary immobility: Theoretical reflections and Cape Verdean experiences

Our times are characterised by involuntary immobility as much as by large migration flows. The sheer number of people wishing to migrate but not being able to do so indicates that migration must be analysed in the light of restrictive immigration policies. This article suggests that insights can be gained by addressing the aspiration and ability to migrate separately. On the basis of a case study of emigration from Cape Verde, the article first examines how aspirations are formed in the interplay between people's individual characteristics and their common emigration environment. It then proceeds to investigate how potential migrants' ability to migrate is determined in their encounter with the immigration interface. This involves a series of barriers and constraints which each potential migrant is differently equipped to overcome. The aspiration/ability model is proposed as a framework for analyses of migration and non-migration at a time when mobility itself has become an important stratifying factor.
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase: Potential Roles in Promoting Gut Health in Weanling Piglets and Its Modulation by Feed Additives — A Review

The intestinal environment plays a critical role in maintaining swine health. Many factors such as diet, microbiota, and host intestinal immune response influence the intestinal environment. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is an important apical brush border enzyme that is influenced by these factors. IAP dephosphorylates bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), unmethylated cytosine-guanosine dinucleotides, and flagellin, reducing bacterial toxicity and consequently regulating toll-like receptors (TLRs) activation and inflammation. It also desphosphorylates extracellular nucleotides such as uridine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate, consequently reducing inflammation, modulating, and preserving the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota. The apical localization of IAP on the epithelial surface reveals its role on LPS (from luminal bacteria) detoxification. As the expression of IAP is reported to be downregulated in piglets at weaning, LPS from commensal and pathogenic gram-negative bacteria could increase inflammatory processes by TLR-4 activation, increasing diarrhea events during this phase. Although some studies had reported potential IAP roles to promote gut health, investigations about exogenous IAP effects or feed additives modulating IAP expression and activity yet are necessary. However, we discussed in this paper that the critical assessment reported can suggest that exogenous IAP or feed additives that could increase its expression could show beneficial effects to reduce diarrhea events during the post weaning phase. Therefore, the main goals of this review are to discuss IAP’s role in intestinal inflammatory processes and present feed additives used as growth promoters that may modulate IAP expression and activity to promote gut health in piglets.
Efficient semantic indexing via neural networks with dynamic supervised feedback

We describe a portable system for e � cient semantic indexing of documents via neural networks with dynamic supervised feedback. We initially represent each document as a modiﬁed TF-IDF sparse vector and then apply a learned mapping to a compact embedding space. This mapping is produced by a shallow neural network which learns a latent representation for the textual graph linking words to nearby contexts. The resulting document embeddings provide signiﬁcantly better semantic representation, partly because they incorporate information about syn-onyms. Query topics are uniformly represented in the same manner as documents. For each query, we dynamically train an additional hidden layer which modiﬁes the embedding space in response to relevance judgements. The system was tested using the documents and topics provided in the Total Recall track.
Spatially constrained sparse regression for the data-driven discovery of Neuroimaging biomarkers

Sparse multivariate regression techniques like Lasso and Elastic Net are among the most popular approaches for the identification of biomarkers related to brain diseases like Alzheimer's. Because they use L1 norm to enforce sparsity, these approaches are often sensitive to differences in voxel intensities within the same scan or across subjects. Also, when few samples are available, such approaches can select voxels that are only correlated by chance, leading to disconnected features that do not correspond to any significant brain structure. To address these challenges, we propose a novel sparse regression method that uses the L0 norm for sparse regularization, and imposes spatial consistency constraints on the selected features without requiring an atlas of pre-defined regions. This method uses an efficient optimization strategy based on the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM), that can scale to large data matrices. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using synthetic data and 3429 T1-weighted (MP-RAGE) images from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. Experimental results show our method to outperform Lasso and Elastic Net regression in the recovery of spatially consistent features corresponding to known neuroimaging biomarkers.
L'EXPERTISE DU GESTIONNAIRE DES RESSOURCES HUMAINES A L'INTERFACE DE MULTIPLES INFLUENCES

L'evolution majeure des attentes a l'egard des gestionnaires des ressources humaines necessite une reflexion approfondie sur les nouvelles competences requises et les mecanismes permettant de les construire et de les entretenir. L'objectif de cette recherche est d'analyser les liens entre les principales evolutions organisationnelles et environnementales de la fonction RH, les besoins accrus en competences d'expertises et d'adaptation qui en decoulent et les interfaces que les gestionnaires vont devoir developper, entretenir et mobiliser avec differents partenaires de leurs environnements professionnels afin de les satisfaire. Nous soutenons en effet que, dans un environnement de plus en plus incertain et instable, la creation de valeur ajoutee par le gestionnaire des ressources humaines repose sur sa capacite constante a enrichir ses expertises afin d'elaborer les dispositifs adequat d'innovation sociale. La question que nous posons est alors celle des moyens a la disposition des gestionnaires. Nous analysons, dans cette contribution, les leviers que sont susceptibles de constituer les differentes interfaces que le gestionnaires peut activer.
Functional importance of evolutionally conserved Tbx6 binding sites in the presomitic mesoderm-specific enhancer of Mesp2

The T-box transcription factor Tbx6 controls the expression of Mesp2, which encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that has crucial roles in somitogenesis. In cultured cells, Tbx6 binding to the Mesp2 enhancer region is essential for the activation of Mesp2 by Notch signaling. However, it is not known whether this binding is required in vivo. Here we report that an Mesp2 enhancer knockout mouse bearing mutations in two crucial Tbx6 binding sites does not express Mesp2 in the presomitic mesoderm. This absence leads to impaired skeletal segmentation identical to that reported for Mesp2-null mice, indicating that these Tbx6 binding sites are indispensable for Mesp2 expression. T-box binding to the consensus sequences in the Mesp2 upstream region was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Further enhancer analyses indicated that the number and spatial organization of the T-box binding sites are critical for initiating Mesp2 transcription via Notch signaling. We also generated a knock-in mouse in which the endogenous Mesp2 enhancer was replaced by the core enhancer of medaka mespb, an ortholog of mouse Mesp2. The homozygous enhancer knock-in mouse was viable and showed normal skeletal segmentation, indicating that the medaka mespb enhancer functionally replaced the mouse Mesp2 enhancer. These results demonstrate that there is significant evolutionary conservation of Mesp regulatory mechanisms between fish and mice.
A localized authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) protocol for mobile hotspots

Mobile hotspots, i.e. Internet access services in moving networks (e.g. vehicular area networks (VAN) and personal area networks (PAN)) bring about new challenging issues. Even if the network mobility (NEMO) basic support protocol has been standardized as a mobility solution by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), to the best of our knowledge, no studies have been conducted in the area of authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) protocol, which is a core technology for public mobile hotspots. In this paper, we propose a localized AAA protocol to retain the mobility transparency as the NEMO basic support protocol and to reduce the cost of the AAA procedure. In addition to providing mutual authentication, the proposed AAA protocol prevents various threats such as replay attack, man in the middle attack, and key exposure. Also, we develop an analytical model to evalutate the AAA signaling cost. Numerical results reveal that the proposed AAA protocol is a suitable solution for AAA services in different mobile hotspots.
Architecture description language based retargetable symbolic execution

This paper presents an approach to retargetable SMT-constrained symbolic execution of machine code. The retargetability is based on an existing open-source processor architecture description language which has been used for processor design and automatic generation of toolchains for dynamic program analysis. The benefit of the presented approach is that with a given architecture description, no manual writing of an instruction set grammar or of a translation of instruction semantics into logics is necessary. The proposed tool architecture relies on language reflection, code generation and dynamic loading to retarget symbolic execution to different machine code syntax. Instruction semantics is translated into SMT bit-vector logic equations by symbolically interpreting the architecture description language. The approach is implemented as plug-in extension to the Eclipse IDE and evaluated by automatically detecting integer overflows in binaries for the ARMv5 and SPARCv8 architectures.
Incidence and clinical effects of intra-abdominal hypertension in critically ill patients

Objective:The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiology and outcomes of intra-abdominal hypertension in a heterogeneous intensive care unit population. Design:This was a prospective cohort study. Setting:This study was conducted at a medical-surgical intensive care unit in a university hospital. Patients:Study patients included all those consecutively admitted during 9 months, staying >24 hrs, and requiring bladder catheterization. Measurements and Main Results:On admission, epidemiologic data and risk factors for intra-abdominal hypertension were studied; then, daily maximal and mean intra-abdominal pressures (IAPmax and IAPmean), abdominal perfusion pressure, fluid balances, filtration gradient, and sequential organ failure assessment score, were registered. IAPs were recorded through a bladder catheter every 6 hrs until death, discharge, or along 7 days. Intra-abdominal hypertension was defined as IAP ≥12 mm Hg. Abdominal compartment syndrome was defined as IAP ≥20 mm Hg plus ≥1 new organ failure. Main outcome measure was hospital mortality. Of 83 patients, considering IAPmax, 31% had intra-abdominal hypertension on admission and another 33% developed it after (23% and 31% with IAPmean). Main risk factors were mechanical ventilation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and fluid resuscitation (relative risk, 5.26, 3.19, and 2.50, respectively). Patients with intra-abdominal hypertension were sicker, had higher mortality (53% vs. 27%, p = .02), and consistently showed higher total and renal sequential organ failure assessment score, daily and cumulative fluid balances, and lower filtration gradient. Nonsurvivors had higher IAPmax, IAPmean, and fluid balances and lower abdominal perfusion pressure. Abdominal compartment syndrome developed in 12%; 20% survived. Logistic regression identified IAPmax as an independent predictor of mortality (odds ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.30; p = .003) after adjusting with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and comorbidities (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–1.25; p = .001; and odds ratio, 2.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.27–5.67; p = .013, respectively). Models with IAPmean and abdominal perfusion pressure also performed well. Areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were . 81 and . 83. Conclusions:Intra-abdominal hypertension, diagnosed either with IAPmax or IAPmean, was frequent and showed an independent association with mortality. Intra-abdominal hypertension was significantly associated with more severe organ failures, particularly renal and respiratory, and a prolonged intensive care unit stay.
Enhancement of a Small Power System Performance Using Multi-Objective Optimization

Optimal multi-objective design of proportional-integral-derivative controller parameters for a small power system using epsilon multi-objective genetic algorithm ( $\varepsilon $ -MOGA) has been presented in this paper. The small power system includes a wind turbine generator (WTG), a diesel generator, a battery energy storage system (BESS), and a load. The proposed scheme is applied for controlling the pitch angle system of the WTG to minimize the wind turbine mechanical blades stress, reduce the wind output power deviation, control the system frequency, and decrease the size of BESS by regulating its charging level. The deviations of input wind power are considered in a frequency domain. The low-frequency component is reduced by the pitch angle control system of WTG, while the high-frequency component is mitigated by the charge/discharge of the BESS, respectively. The input of the pitch angle control system of WTG is determined according to the low-frequency component of the input wind power deviation and the BESS state of charge. The output power of BESS is determined according to its state of charge, the high-frequency component of the input wind power deviation, and the frequency deviations. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is confirmed by numerical simulations.