Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A unified scheme for solving split inclusions with applications

In this article, we propose an iterative scheme for solving a generalized split common null point problem. The iterative method uses self‐adaptive stepsizes that do not depend on the Lipschitz constants of the underlying operators. Instead, the stepsizes are updated using a simple updating formula. We prove the strong convergence theorems of the sequence generated by the iterative scheme under some mild assumptions. Furthermore, we derive iterative methods for solving split generalized variational inequality, convex feasibility, and minimization problems. In addition, some numerical illustrations are provided to support the main result.
A panoramic view of a cohort of obstructive sleep apnea patients on positive airway pressure therapy using cloud based telemonitoring devices

Background: Positive airway pressure therapy is mainstay of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). But long-term compliance with is poor with such therapy. A proactive and vigilant management may improve the PAP therapy usage. Cloud-based telemonitoring PAP devices offer an opportunity for proactive monitoring and prompt interventions related to PAP troubleshooting. This technology is also used in India for adult OSA patients. But we lack our own data on behavior of Indian patients as a cohort on PAP therapy. The present study is an attempt to look at the behavior a cohort of PAP users in OSA. Methodology: This study was planned as a retrospective analysis of data of OSA patients who were using a cloud-based PAP devices. First 100 patients were chosen for data retrieval that who was on this therapy. The data was obtained for those patients who were on PAP for at least 7 days and maximum follow-up was available up to 390 days. Descriptive statistical analysis has been carried out in the present study. Results: The number of male and female patients was 75 and 25, respectively. Overall good compliance was present in 66% of patients. 34% of patients were not compliant with PAP during follow-up. The compliance was statistically same in both the sexes (P = 0.8088). Incomplete data recovery was present in 17 patients and 11 (64.70%) were non-compliant among them. In the initial, 60 days non-compliant patients were more than compliant patients. The difference was lost in 60 to 90 days of use. The air leak was present more in the compliant group than non-compliant group (P = 0.0239). 75.75% of compliant patients had achieved AHI control, whereas 35.29% of non-compliant patients also achieved AHI control. But overall, AHI control was poor in non-compliant patients and 61.76% of non-compliant patients had an AHI uncontrolled. Conclusions: We conclude that 3/4th of the compliant patients achieve AHI control while 1/4th didn't. This 1/4th population needs further exploration to determine the causes of poor AHI control. Cloud-based PAP devices give an easy opportunity to monitor patients of OSA. It gives an instant panoramic view of behavior of OSA patients on PAP therapy. The compliant patients can be tracked, and non-compliant patients can be segregated quickly.
Estimation of Stature from Index and Ring Finger Length

Establishing the identity of person is one of the significant aspects of Forensic investigation. Recently studies were conducted to estimate stature from hand and phalange lengths; however, few studies were conducted using finger lengths. The purpose of present study was to evaluate utility of index and ring finger lengths in estimation of stature and to predict the accuracy of regression models derived from such parameters. The study was carried out on a cross sectional sample of 195 adult students out of which 100 were males and 95 were females. There was significant difference (P < 0.001) between stature of male and female subjects. Similarly significant difference (P < 0.001) exists between male and female index and ring finger length. A significant correlation was observed between finger length and stature. Pearson correlation between finger length and stature was higher among females than males. The findings of present study indicate that index finger and ring finger lengths can be used successfully to predict living stature of an individual.
The Study on the Generation of Persistent Free Radicals in the Explosive Industry Area

Phenolic compounds and transition metals exist in wastewater having a large number of emissions due to the discharge of polluted wastewater from the explosive industry. And these two substances are important factors that affect the generation of persistent free radicals (PFR). However, the generation of more toxic and harmful PFR is unclear in wastewater from the explosive industry. In this study, the dissociation reaction of phenol on transition metal oxides ZnO to form PFR has been explored by the density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The dissociation of phenol on the ZnO surface is an exothermic and barrierless reaction process, which indicates that PFR can be formed in the wastewater of the explosive industry. Thus, more attention should be paid to the toxicity of PFR in the wastewater produced by the explosive industry.
Hippocampus Parcellation via Discriminative Embedded Clustering of fMRI Functional Connectivity

Dividing a pre-defined brain region into several heterogenous subregions is crucial for understanding its functional segregation and integration. Due to the high dimensionality of brain functional features, clustering is often postponed until dimensionality reduction in traditional parcellation frameworks occurs. However, under such stepwise parcellation, it is very easy to fall into the dilemma of local optimum since dimensionality reduction could not take into account the requirement of clustering. In this study, we developed a new parcellation framework based on the discriminative embedded clustering (DEC), combining subspace learning and clustering in a common procedure with alternative minimization adopted to approach global optimum. We tested the proposed framework in functional connectivity-based parcellation of the hippocampus. The hippocampus was parcellated into three spatial coherent subregions along the anteroventral–posterodorsal axis; the three subregions exhibited distinct functional connectivity changes in taxi drivers relative to non-driver controls. Moreover, compared with traditional stepwise methods, the proposed DEC-based framework demonstrated higher parcellation consistency across different scans within individuals. The study proposed a new brain parcellation framework with joint dimensionality reduction and clustering; the findings might shed new light on the functional plasticity of hippocampal subregions related to long-term navigation experience.
Parameter Estimation Approach for Multicomponent Signals Intercepted by Synchronous Nyquist Folding Receiver Using Local Periodic LFM Signals

The Nyquist folding receiver(NYFR) is a new interception architecture which is able to intercept wideband signals in multi-Nyquist zones simultaneously with one or two analog-to-digital converters(ADCs). This paper presents a parameter estimation algorithm of multicomponent signals intercepted by an improved NYFR.First,the NYFR is improved by introducing a synchronous mechanism,denoted as synchronous NYFR(SNYFR). Secondly,the periodic linear frequency modulation(LFM) is chosen as the local signal,and the outputs of the SNYFR for multicomponent signals are presented.Then,the dechirp function(DF) is proposed for the detection of Nyquist zones.Finally,the parameter estimations are accomplished according to the Nyquist zones.Simulations show that the parameter estimation accuracy is close to the Cramer-Rao lower bound(CRLB) when the signal to noise ratio(SNR) is above-9 dB.
Physics-dynamics coupling with Galerkin methods: Equal-area physics grid [poster]

volume implementation (i.e., the Lin and Rood, 1996, algorithm). An example of a two-dimensional extension based on the PPM algorithm that is third-order is given in, e.g., Ullrich et al. (2009). CAM ISEN is an isentropic version of CAM FV. Instead of the hybrid sigma-pressure vertical coordinate a hybrid sigma-θ vertical coordinate is used (Chen and Rasch 2009). Apart from the vertical coordinate the model design is identical to CAM FV.
An approach to characterize metastability and critical droplets in stochastic ising models

This note is an account of the present state of and of possible direction of research on an approch to characterize metastability and the role of critical droplets for some stochastic Ising models, by considering a limit in which the temperature vanishes.The emphasis lies in the identification of typical paths of the processes, as proposed in [CGOV].
Boosting sulfur‐based cathode performance via confined reactions in covalent organic frameworks with polarized sites

The widespread promotion of the sulfur‐based cathode is continuously threatened by the dissolution or slow kinetic reactions of polysulfides, resulting in a deterioration of capacity and volume expansion. Herein, a hierarchical imine‐based covalent organic framework (COFs) with AA stacking structure is constructed as a sulfur host matrix. The one‐dimensional channels in COF are decorated with polarized methoxy groups which can confine and immobilize sulfur species through weak interactions, alleviating the shuttle effect during the battery tests. The composite electrode (COF@S) is fabricated through the melt‐diffusion method in one‐pot synthesis and exhibits a slow fading rate (0.20% each cycle) in a 0.5 C stability test. A promising mechanism for constructing the cathode composite is demonstrated in lithium‐sulfur chemistry in this work.
Autonomous detection and loading of ore piles with load–haul–dump machines in Room & Pillar mines

Automation of machines in underground mines is a topic with increasing interest, both for research and industrial applications. Autonomous load–haul–dump (LHD) machines need to load material successfully before dumping it into a crusher or an ore pass. The autonomous loading method must be robust to enable reliable operation of the LHD during long periods of time. In this work, a method to perform autonomous loading in Room & Pillar mines is presented. It is based on detecting all ore piles in real‐time, and then computing attack poses in each pile. Then, a positioning process is performed to get the machine in front of the selected ore pile, and an excavation algorithm is executed for loading until the bucket is filled. The proposed method is able to detect multiple ore piles, with different slopes and sizes, and to consider different possible trajectories for attacking and loading the most feasible pile. The method was tested in the Werra Potash Mine, under real operational conditions. The results show that the method can load about 80% of the material that an experienced operator can load. Also, the success rate of the autonomous loading process is very high, being able to load enough material in all trials, and performing successfully the full procedure in 88% of the cases. Thus, the proposed autonomous loading method is a suitable alternative to be used in Room & Pillar mines.
A Multivariate Latent Variable Model for Mixed - Data from Continuous and Ordinal Responses with Possibility of Missing Responses

A joint model for multivariate mixed ordinal and continuous outcomes with potentially non-random missing values in both types of responses is proposed. A full likelihood-based approach is used to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters. Some modified Pearson residuals are also introduced where the correlation between responses are taken into account. The joint modelling of responses with the possibility of missing values requires caution since the interpretation of the fitted model highly depends on the missing mechanism assumptions that are unexaminable in a fundamental sense. A common way to investigate the influence of perturbations of model components on the key results of the analysis is to compare the results derived from the original and perturbed models using an influence maximal normal curvatures. For This, influence of a small perturbation of elements of the covariance structure of the model on maximal normal curvature is also studied. To illustrate the utility of the proposed model, a large data set excerpted from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) is analyzed. For these data, the simultaneous effects of some covariates on life satisfaction, income and the amount of money spent on leisure activities per month as three mixed correlated responses are explored.
Coefficients for Debiasing Forecasts

Abstract Skill-score decompositions can be used to analyze the effects of bias on forecasting skill. However, since bias terms are typically squared, and bias is measured in skill-score units rather than in units of the forecasts, such decompositions only partially describe the nature of the bias. They do not describe the direction of bias or measure the amount of correction required to remove bias. Simple “debiasing” coefficients can be derived to supplement the skill-score decomposition by indicating the direction and amount of bias, relative to unbiased forecasts. Calculation of these coefficients is described and an example is provided.
Improved Independent Component Analysis Based on Epanechnikov Kernel Function

Traditionally, the key idea of estimating independent component analysis (ICA) model is to maximize the non-Gaussianity, however, often with the assumption that density of data is near the standardized Gaussian density. To avoid the unsuitable assumption, this article uses the nonparametric density estimating method. A nonparametric independent component analysis algorithm based on Epanechnikov kernel function is proposed in this paper. This algorithm uses the Epanechnikov kernel estimator to estimate random variable distribution, meanwhile, employs the hypothesis test to derive the nonparametric likelihood ratio (NLR) objective function. For optimizing the nonparametric density estimation, the selection of kernel function and bandwidth is crucial. From the perspective of minimizing the mean integrated square error (MISE), this paper discusses the optimal selection and conducts experiments for further study. To increase the algorithmic convergence rate and reduce the running time, the quasi-newton method has been used to optimize the objective function. Compared with previous nonparametric ICA algorithm, the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method offers better performance both on speech separation and computing capability.
Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO4 crystals

The performance of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made of proton-irradiated PbWO4 crystals has been studied in beam tests. The modules, similar to those used in the Endcaps of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), were formed from 5×5 matrices of PbWO4 crystals, which had previously been exposed to 24 GeV protons up to integrated fluences between 2.1× 1013 and 1.3× 1014 cm−2. These correspond to the predicted charged-hadron fluences in the ECAL Endcaps at pseudorapidity η = 2.6 after about 500 fb−1 and 3000 fb−1 respectively, corresponding to the end of the LHC and High Luminosity LHC operation periods. The irradiated crystals have a lower light transmission for wavelengths corresponding to the scintillation light, and a correspondingly reduced light output. A comparison with four crystals irradiated in situ in CMS showed no significant rate dependence of hadron-induced damage. A degradation of the energy resolution and a non-linear response to electron showers are observed in damaged crystals. Direct measurements of the light output from the crystals show the amplitude decreasing and pulse becoming faster as the fluence increases. The latter is interpreted, through comparison with simulation, as a side-effect of the degradation in light transmission. The experimental results obtained can be used to estimate the long term performance of the CMS ECAL.
Retrograding Wintertime Low-Frequency Disturbances over the North Pacific Ocean

Abstract Retrograding (westward-moving) features over the middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during winter are examined in observations and data from a GCM simulation, using complex principal component analysis. The first eigenvector of the low-frequency middle troposphere geopotential height over the North Pacific has a zonal scale of 120–160 deg longitude and a dipole-like meridional structure, with maximum amplitude over the Gulf of Alaska and the Bering Sea. These disturbances propagate westward and go through a life cycle of growth and decay over a period of about three weeks. The temporal evolution of the energy and its conversions during the life cycle of the simulated Pacific disturbances are composited, using the time-dependent coefficient of the principal component analysis as an index for their occurrence. The composite energy cycle indicates that the kinetic and available potential energy of these disturbances grow and decay together. Both baroclinic and barotropic conversion.
Optimal investment and hedging under partial information

We first give an exposition of filtering theory, then consider the Merton optimal investment problem when the agent does not know the drift parameter of the underlying stock. This is taken to be a random variable with a Gaussian prior distribution, which is updated via a Kalman filter. The resulting problem of optimal investment with a random drift can be treated as a full information problem, and an explicit solution is possible. We then treat an incomplete market hedging problem. A claim on a non-traded asset is hedged using a correlated traded asset, and the hedger is once again uncertain of the true values of the drifts of each asset. After filtering, the resulting problem with random drifts is solved in the case that each asset’s prior distribution has the same variance. Analytic approximations for the optimal hedging strategy are obtained. Finally, we examine an optimal investment problem with inside information, in which the insider does not know the true drift of the stock. Explicit solutions are possible, after first enlarging the filtration to accommodate the insider’s additional knowledge, then filtering the asset price drift.
Observation of a Flat Band in Silicene

The electronic structure of silicene on Ag(111) is studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy. A flat band at 0.9 eV below the Fermi level is revealed. We find that the flat band is strongly suppressed near atomic defects, domain boundaries and step edges compared to that on the flat terraces. The discovery of the flat band and its sensitivity to local perturbations provides a new way to manipulate the electronic structure and properties of silicene.
Synergistic Effect of Negative Bias Instability and Total Ionizing Dose on SiC MOSFETs

In this article, the synergistic effect of negative gate bias and radiation on SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) is investigated. Under negative gate bias (−5, −10, and −15 V), a slight decrease in the threshold voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathrm {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of non-irradiated SiC MOSFETs is observed. The variation of trapped-oxide charge (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N_{\mathrm {ot}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and SiC/SiO2 interface trap charge (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N_{\mathrm {it}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) can be obtained through the subthreshold swing and mid-gap voltage method. Although the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathrm {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of non-irradiated SiC MOSFETs remains unchanged, significant increases in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N_{\mathrm {it}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N_{\mathrm {ot}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are observed due to the opposite effect of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N_{\mathrm {ot}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N_{\mathrm {it}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> on <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathrm {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. This phenomenon is attributed to holes drifting to the interface and tunneling into the oxide layer under the negative gate bias. It is found through the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{\mathrm {g}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathrm {gs}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> characteristic curves that holes tunneling into the oxide layer are mostly from the channel region. For irradiated SiC MOSFETs, a large number of radiation-induced holes exist in the oxide layer above the channel region and JFET region, resulting in a decrease in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathrm {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which is mainly caused by an increase in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N_{\mathrm {ot}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.
State-of-the-Art and Outlooks for 2.3D IC Integration

The state-of-the-art and outlooks for 2.3D IC integration will be investigated in this study. Emphasis is placed on the design, materials, process, advantages and disadvantages, challenges (opportunities), and examples of 2.3D IC integration for chiplet design and heterogeneous integration packaging. Also, some recommendations of 2.3D IC integration will be presented.
Stand out and speak up: exploring empowerment perspectives among advocacy activities of STEM teachers in the US

ABSTRACT Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) teachers need sources of empowerment to effectively guide education policy and continue to participate in advocacy-based activities. This study surveyed 208 STEM teachers on their acts of advocacy to advance STEM education. The question that guided this research was as follows: What are the underlying factors that contribute to STEM teachers’ advocacy activities in effecting change to STEM education policies? An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine underlying factors contributing to STEM teachers’ engagement in advocacy activities via the theoretical lens of empowerment. The findings revealed four factors that empowered their advocacy work: critical confrontations, political awareness, communicative voice, and policymaker influence. The data suggest that as sampled STEM teachers developed a critical consciousness, they were empowered to engage in critical conversations on issues of social justice, such as galvanizing efforts to make STEM education accessible to all students and equitable for diverse learners.
Review of Double-Sided Cooling Power Modules for Driving Electric Vehicles

Power module packaging technologies are undergoing extensive changes to satisfy compact high-power-density systems. The advantages of double-sided cooling power module in thermal and electrical compared to wire-bonding are summarized. Some typical double-sided cooling power modules developed by institutes or companies are introduced in detail. The challenges and future trends of double-sided cooling power modules are also highlighted.
AN ANISOTROPIC DIFFUSION APPROXIMATION TO THERMAL RADIATIVE TRANSFER

This paper describes an anisotropic diusion (AD) method that uses transport-calculated AD coecients to eciently and accurately solve the thermal radiative transfer (TRT) equations. By assuming weak gradients and angular moments in the radiation intensity, we derive an expression for the radiation energy density that depends on a non-local function of the opacity. This nonlocal function is the solution of a transport equation that can be solved with a single steady-state transport sweep once per time step, and the function’s second angular moment is the anisotropic diusion tensor. To demonstrate the AD method’s ecacy, we model radiation ow down a channel in \atland" geometry.