Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of spectral impacts on the performance of a concentration device using a Fresnel lens combined with a double junction cell

This experimental study was carried out within the context of high concentration photovoltaics. The paper presents the results of an experimental investigation relating to the quantification of the impacts of the chromatic effect on the performance of a double junction GaInP/GaAs solar cell. Chromatic effects are the result of material dispersion caused by the refractive optics component. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the spectral modification of the incident beam on the whole solar concentrator system performance. Such considerations are fundamental in producing a highly accurate design, with which to achieve the best possible system performance. Efficiency is evaluated within the vicinity of the focus of a Fresnel lens designed for concentration. On the optical axis, rays with different wavelengths are not focalized at the same points. The spectral content of the beam depends, therefore, upon the position of the cell along the optical axis. It is assumed that spectral content modification may have an impact on cell performance and, as a consequence, on system efficiency as a whole. Efficiency of the optical Fresnel lens and of the cell were evaluated in relation to spectral content modification.
X-rays from young star clusters: a complement to optical and infrared views

Abstract In the last few years, X-ray observational studies of young star clusters have advanced significantly, mainly thanks to the great capabilities of current X-ray observatories such as Chandra and XMM/Newton. In addition to enabling a detailed study of coronae of individual bright stars, high-spatial-resolution X-ray observations of many young clusters and star-forming regions, even massive and distant ones, have led to the detection of large populations of X-ray-bright members, often down to subsolar masses, and despite strong absorption. The peculiar ability of X-ray emission to select young, low-mass cluster stars against a crowded Galactic-plane field-star background has permitted better studies of global cluster properties, with respect to optical/infrared studies alone, including of cluster initial mass functions (across wide mass ranges), star-formation histories (with indication of age spreads—or even sequences—in many clusters) and morphologies (various degrees of symmetry and dynamical relaxation), sometimes with evidence of mass segregation. Also, the complementary availability of X-ray and optical/infrared data has enabled to place constraints on lifetimes and depletion mechanisms of pre-main-sequence circumstellar disks.
Patterned piezo-, pyro-, and ferroelectricity of poled polymer electrets

Polymers with strong piezo-, pyro-, and ferroelectricity are attractive for a wide range of applications. In particular, semicrystalline ferroelectric polymers are suitable for a large variety of piezo- and pyroelectric transducers or sensors, while amorphous polymers containing chromophore molecules are particularly interesting for photonic devices. Recently, a new class of polymer materials has been added to this family: internally charged cellular space-charge polymer electrets (so-called “ferroelectrets”), whose piezoelectricity can be orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional ferroelectric polymers. Suitable patterning of these materials leads to improved or unusual macroscopic piezo-, pyro-, and ferroelectric or nonlinear optical properties that may be particularly useful for advanced transducer or waveguide applications. In the present paper, the piezo-, pyro-, and ferroelectricity of poled polymers is briefly introduced, an overview on the preparation of polymer electrets with patterned.
Enterprise Architecture Framework in Higher Education: Systematic Literature Review

The use of information and communication technology helps improve the quality of education and learning processes, research, libraries and information services, and university management. With the development of ICT, universities are one of the companies engaged in education, so that institutions and universities need an information system planning strategy. This study presents a detailed and extensive systematic literature review (SLR) to select studies that carry out the current application of Enterprise Architecture in higher education. The method used in this research is the incorporation of various systematic literature studies on previous studies related to research objectives. The results of this literature review reveal important aspects related to the use of enterprise architecture applications in higher education, such as the most popular frameworks used in higher education, examine the reasons and determine the criteria for using application-based frameworks, and why enterprise architecture frameworks are needed to implement in higher education.
Light-induced waveguide by a finite self-trapped vortex beam in a photorefractive medium

We report the formation of a 2D waveguide induced by a self-trapped vortex beam in a photorefractive–photovoltaic medium. Demonstrations are performed by monitoring the self-trapping dynamic of an annular vortex beam in a LiNbO3:Fe crystal. Control of the experimental observations is consistent with the underlying physics revealed by a numerical model.
Human ERG oncoprotein represses a Drosophila LIM domain binding protein–coding gene Chip

Significance Nuclear targets of oncoproteins help decipher cancer mechanisms. Targets of human ERG oncoprotein identified so far have not helped unravel its lineage-specific carcinogenesis. Here, we reveal an alternative strategy to discover ERG targets via its heterologous gain in Drosophila and display Chip, a LIM-domain-coding gene, as its target. ERG-mediated Chip repression induces out-of-context Wg signaling in the notum (thorax) primordium leading to notum-to-wing transdetermination. Further, ERG induces carcinogenesis in the notum in combination with the loss of Lgl tumor suppressor. Remarkably, ERG-positive prostate cancer cells, too, show repression of LDB1, a human homolog of Drosophila Chip. Our results present a strategy to discover functionally relevant oncoprotein targets and unravel essential cancer mechanisms in Drosophila.
The Ultraviolet Spectrum of a Face-on Shock Wave in the Vela Supernova Remnant

Ultraviolet emission lines in supernova remnants (SNRs) provide important clues to the shock velocities, densities, grain destruction, and thermal structure of the cooling regions in these objects. However, several of the brightest ultraviolet emission lines seen in SNRs, including C II λ1335, C IV λ1550, and O VI λ1034, are resonance lines whose brightnesses will be reduced by scattering if the column density along the line of sight is sufficiently large. Scattering is particularly important in the bright filaments of SNRs because these shock waves are seen nearly edge-on. To assess the importance of resonant scattering in the UV, we have taken advantage of the enormous diffuse source sensitivity of the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope to observe the UV emission from a face-on shock in the Vela supernova remnant. The position chosen is seen in projection near the center of the remnant and corresponds to a bright soft X-ray region. A 165 km s-1 shock with a 30% carbon depletion matches most of the line intensities, but the weakness of the N V λ1240 line may suggest a departure from the simple shock models. We compare the spectrum of the face-on shock to that of a nearby bright filament and find some differences in shock velocity as well as in resonance-line scattering. We also derive the ram pressure of the shock from Fabry-Perot observations, and find that it greatly exceeds the thermal pressure derived from the [S II] doublet. This result strongly suggests pressure support by magnetic fields or cosmic rays.
The earth‐ionosphere cavity

To analyze ELF wave propagation in the earth-ionosphere cavity, a flat earth approximation may be derived from the exact equations, which are applicable to the spherical cavity, by introducing a second-order or Debye approximation for the spherical Hankel functions. In the frequency range 3 to 30 Hz, however, the assumed conditions for the Debye approximation are not satisfied. For this reason an exact evaluation of the spherical Hankel functions is used to study the effects of the flat earth approximation on various propagation and resonance parameters. By comparing the resonance equation for a spherical cavity with its flat earth counterpart and by assuming that the surface impedance Z/sub i/ at the upper cavity boundary is known, the relation between the eigenvalue . nu. and S/sub v/, the sine of the complex angle of incidence at the lower ionosphere boundary, is established as . nu. (.nu. + 1) = (kaS/sub v/)/sup 2/. It is also shown that the approximation . nu. (.nu. + 1) approximately equals (.nu. + 1/2)/sup 2/ which was used by some authors is not adequate below 30 Hz. Numerical results for both spherical and planar stratification show that (1) planar stratification is adequate for the computation of the lowest three ELF resonancemore » frequencies to within 0.1 Hz; (2) planar stratification will lead to errors in cavity Q and wave attenuation which increase with frequency; (3) computation of resonance frequencies to within 0.1 Hz requires the extension of the lower boundary of the ionosphere to a height where the ratio of conduction current to displacement current, (sigma/.omega.epsilon/sub 0/), is less than 0.3; (4) atmospheric conductivity should be considered down to ground level in computing cavity Q and wave attenuation. « less
CO2 adsorption on the (111) surface of fcc-structure high entropy alloys

ABSTRACT High entropy alloys (HEAs), obtained by alloying five or more elements, can exhibit unique characteristics. The CO2 adsorption capabilities of fcc structure HEAs consisting of five elements among Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, and Au were evaluated by conducting first-principles calculations of the CO2 adsorption energy. HEAs could be categorized into ‘binding’, ‘less binding’, and ‘inconclusive’ HEAs, where there were 27, 23, and 10 HEAs each, respectively, out of 60 randomly chosen HEAs. ‘binding’ HEAs are defined as having low CO2 adsorption energy sites of less than −0.08 eV, which is difficult to attain with elementary substances or binary alloys. These low adsorption energy, or more active, sites are found near on-top positions of the HEA surface, whereas CO2 does not adsorb at such positions in ‘less binding’ HEAs. Calculating CO2 adsorption energies could be a useful tool to check whether a specific HEA is ‘binding’ or ‘less binding’ prior to conducting extensive experiments. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
InAs/GaSb type-II short-period superlattices for advanced single and dual-color focal plane arrays

The fabrication and optimization of InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice (SL) detectors for single-color and dual-color focal plane arrays in the mid-wavelength infrared spectral range between 3-5 &mgr;m is reported. Single color focal plane arrays with 288 x 384 detector elements and 24 &mgr;m pitch have been fabricated with high pixel yield. Camera systems with InAs/GaSb SL detectors reveal NETD values of 27.9 mK at a cut-off wavelength of &lgr;c = 4.9 &mgr;m for an integration time of only 1 msec with F#/2.4 optics. A dual-color MWIR/MWIR InAs/GaSb SL camera, developed for missile approach warning systems, features simultaneous and spatially coincident detection for both spectral channels on each pixel. The camera system with 288 x 384 detector elements in 40 &mgr;m pitch shows excellent NETD values and high pixel operability. The fabrication of dual-color focal plane arrays on 3" GaSb substrates is presented.
Heteronormativity in Education Within a South Texas Borderland Region: A Qualitative Study

Framed by queer theory, this qualitative study sought to better understand the unique experiences of homophobia that occur amongst Latinx gender and sexually diverse youth (GSDY) in south Texas. Latinx GSDY in this borderland region, are less likely to be in schools that adopt affirming policies and are therefore more likely to experience homophobia. The study collected written journal responses from eight Latinx gender and sexually diverse alumni of borderland region schools that presently serve as community leaders and advocates. Findings suggest that homophobia is experienced as trauma and that participants employed positive trauma responses to confront their experiences.
Space collision threat mitigation

Mitigation of possible collision threats to current and future operations in space environments is an important an challenging task considering high nonlinearity of orbital dynamics and discrete measurement updates. Such discrete observations are relatively scarce with respect to space dynamics including possible unintentional or intentional rocket propulsion based maneuvers even in scenarios when measurement collections are focused to a one single target of interest. In our paper, this problem is addressed in terms of multihypothesis and multimodel estimation in conjunction with multi-agent multigoal game theoretic guaranteed evasion strategies. Collision threat estimation is formulated using conditional probabilities of time dependent hypotheses and spacecraft controls which are computed using Liapunov-like approach. Based on this formulation, time dependent functional forms of multi-objective utility functions are derived given threat collision risk levels. For demonstrating developed concepts, numerical methods are developed using nonlinear filtering methodology for updating hypothesis sets and corresponding conditional probabilities. Space platform associated sensor resources are managed using previously developed and demonstrated information-theoretic objective functions and optimization methods. Consequently, estimation and numerical methods are evaluated and demonstrated on a realistic Low Earth Orbit collision encounter.
Nonlinear evolution of equatorial spread F: 1. On the role of plasma instabilities and spatial resonance associated with gravity wave seeding

We have used a computer simulation to study properties of large-scale equatorial F region irregularities produced by gravity waves by separating such different processes as the spatial resonance effect and the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. Our purpose is to show their relative importance in the production of strong ionization perturbations. When a gravity wave propagates perpendicular to the magnetic field, it generates a polarization electric field. If there is no amplification by the Rayleigh-Taylor instability, the amplitude of the electric field remains almost constant for a long time. If spatial resonance occurs, after one wave period strong ionization perturbations with a relative density amplitude of 58% are produced. However, the associated electric field is limited and the gravity wave-induced perturbation does not grow into topside plasma bubbles when the Rayleigh-Taylor instability is absent. A zonally propagating gravity wave can, however, initiate the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in the bottomside F region. The initiation does not depend on the spatial resonance mechanism. After initiation, the Rayleigh-Taylor instability amplifies nonlinearly the perturbations induced by the seed gravity wave, and results in topside plasma bubbles. Spatial resonance can speed up the formation of bubbles. It is thus concluded that the Rayleigh-Taylor instability mechanism is the most important for production and rise of plasma bubbles and that seeding by gravity waves can occur even without the spatial resonance effect.
Renewal Tables: Tables of Functions Arising in Renewal Theory.

Abstract : The generalized cubic splining algorithm enables us to evaluate recursively-defined convolutions for a wide variety of distribution functions. The algorithm has been applied to evaluate the renewal function, variance function and the integral of the renewal function for five distributions (gamma, inverse Gaussian, lognormal, truncated normal and Weibull) for a wide range of values of the shape parameter. The results of the computations are discussed and a comparison is made with previous tabulations. (Author)
Parent Decision-Making With Fetal Surgery for Myelomeningocele

Introduction The objectives of this study were to understand how parents made the decision to do maternal–fetal surgery for myelomeningocele and to determine the influence of the shared decision-making model on their choice. Method This is a qualitative study of parents in a fetal care center after fetal surgery. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Analysis was completed using iterative code development, and thematic saturation was reached. Results Rapid decision making, often before seeing fetal care professionals, was present, parental agency drove the decision for surgery, exposure to other parents via the Internet was key to reducing uncertainty and increasing hope for the future, positive interactions with the healthcare team played a role in parental choice for surgery, and mothers were surprised by unanticipated pain and discomfort following surgery. Discussion Tenets of shared decision making, such as patients feeling supported by their healthcare professionals, were present. Results learned from this study could be used to tailor interactions with parents seeking fetal surgery.
Role of CRISPR-Cas9 in agricultural science

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR), a potent gene-editing tool was found in 2012. CRISPR is a genetic engineering technique that enables genome editing in living creatures and is based on the bacterial CRISPR-Cas9 antiviral defense mechanism. It is simpler, less expensive, and more accurate than previous gene editing techniques. It also has a wide range of valuable uses, including improving crops and treating genetic diseases. Plant science has benefited more from the CRISPR/Cas9 editing technique than medical science. CRISPR/Cas9 has been used in a range of crop-related research and development domains, including disease resistance, plant development, abiotic tolerance, morphological development, secondary metabolism, and fiber creation, as a well-developed cutting-edge biotechnology technique. This paper summarized the role of the CRISPR-CAS9 tool in modern agricultural science.
Generalized quantum dynamics and interaction of atoms with quantum fields

We investigate the effects of the nonlocality in time of the effective interaction of atoms with quantum fields, arising after integrating out certain degrees of freedom. We show that these effects can be described, in a natural way, within the formalism of the generalized quantum dynamics developed in [J. Phys. A 32, 5657 (1999)]. The new possibilities that the generalized quantum dynamics opens for solving the problem are demonstrated by using the example of a muonic atom interacting with the electronic vacuum.
Optimal linear prediction of ordered bands and lifting wavelet transform applied to lossless compression of MODIS image

The enormous volumes and valuable applications of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) multi-spectral images make it need to be compressed losslessly with effective method. To solve this problem, the optimal linear prediction and band ordering are adopted here to exploit abundant spectral redundancy, lifting wavelet transform and SPIHT algorithm are used to eliminate the spatial redundancy of MODIS data. The optimal inter-band prediction sequence is specified by band ordering, and except the first band, only residual error images of other bands need to be encoded after band prediction. To avoid information loss, the optimal linear predictor is improved by rounding the prediction coefficients into integers, and D5/3 lifting wavelet is used to implement integer-to-integer wavelet transform of the band image, which also accelerate the compression. Finally, some lossless compression methods such as "WinRAR", "3DSPIHT" are compared with this compression method, and the experimental results show that our method has more compression capability.
Magnetization switching in a CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junction by combining spin-transfer torque and electric field-effect

We propose and demonstrate a scheme for magnetization switching in magnetic tunnel junctions, in which two successive voltage pulses are applied to utilize both spin-transfer torque and electric field effect. Under this switching scheme, a CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junction with perpendicular magnetic easy axis is shown to switch faster than by spin-transfer torque alone and more reliably than that by electric fields alone.
Combination therapy of potential gene to enhance oral cancer therapeutic effect

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) over-regulation related to uncontrolled cell division and promotes progression in tumor. Over-expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been detected in oral cancer cells. EGFR-targeting agents are potential therapeutic modalities for treating oral cancer based on our in vitro study. Liposome nanotechnology is used to encapsulate siRNA and were modified with target ligand to receptors on the surface of tumor cells. We used EGFR siRNA to treat oral cancer in vitro.
Vacuum deposition of nonlinear chromophore‐polymer composite thin films

Novel nonlinear composite thin films containing 4‐dialkylamino‐4’‐nitro‐stilbene (DANS) and Teflon AF 1600 have been deposited by vacuum evaporation techniques. Pure DANS thin film, due to its centrosymmetric crystal structure, does not exhibit any electro‐optic effect. However, composite thin films of DANS and Teflon AF 1600 with a DANS concentration of 5%–25% (by volume) do exhibit an electro‐optic effect after poling. Their electro‐optical coefficients are measured to be as large as 2.4 pm/V. X‐ray diffraction shows that these composite thin films are in an amorphous state as‐deposited as well as after poling. It is argued that the DANS molecules are in their molecular form embedded in the Teflon AF amorphous matrix, thereby allowing the effect of their large molecular hyperpolarizability to be detected. The characterization of the thin films using scanning electron microscopy is also presented.
Characteristics of middle school students learning actions in outdoor mathematical activities with the cellular phone

Learning in the cellular phone environment enables utilizing themultiple functions of the cellular phone, such as mobility, availability, interactivity, verbal and voice communication, taking pictures or recording audio and video, measuring time and transferring information.These functions together withmathematics-designated cellular phone applications facilitate authentic learning based on real-life phenomena, and widen the range of mathematical activities possible to carry out. This research shows that the cellular phone provides the mathematics students with rich, diverse and colourful learning environment in and out of the classroom. The participating students worked with the cellular phone to carry out activities involving formal mathematical phenomena and at the same time authentic real-life phenomenawhich they modelled mathematically. Doing so, they worked individually and collaboratively with diverse, specific and general mathematical concepts and at the same time practiced specific and general mathematical procedures, which expanded their mathematical knowledge and meta-knowledge. The cellular phone enabled the students to work with various representations of mathematical objects which encouraged them to investigate these objects independently or with the guidance of their teacher. The students also could tackle advanced mathematical objects intuitively based on their visual representation and actual realization in real-life situations.