Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Context-based Local Hot Topic Detection for Mobile User

Mobile context-awareness becomes an important research topic since mobile information browsing is still dicult due to the limi- tations of mobile devices. On the other hand, it is easier to gather more user contexts because mobile devices are equipped with more sensors. In this paper, we introduce a real-time local hot topic browser which displays hot topics related to a mobile user. In order to retrieve user- related hot topics from microblogs, it exploits mobile user contexts such as location, activity, blogging history, and social relationship. Through taking advantage of these contexts, it reduces the search range of mi- croblogs and infers user interests. It can lter out unrelated topics based on inferred preference. Through our proposed approach, a mobile user can be aware of topics related to interests surrounding the user. This paper describes details of the proposed framework and its components.
The Human Pancreatic Islet Transcriptome: Expression of Candidate Genes for Type 1 Diabetes and the Impact of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic beta cells are killed by infiltrating immune cells and by cytokines released by these cells. Signaling events occurring in the pancreatic beta cells are decisive for their survival or death in diabetes. We have used RNA sequencing (RNA–seq) to identify transcripts, including splice variants, expressed in human islets of Langerhans under control conditions or following exposure to the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Based on this unique dataset, we examined whether putative candidate genes for T1D, previously identified by GWAS, are expressed in human islets. A total of 29,776 transcripts were identified as expressed in human islets. Expression of around 20% of these transcripts was modified by pro-inflammatory cytokines, including apoptosis- and inflammation-related genes. Chemokines were among the transcripts most modified by cytokines, a finding confirmed at the protein level by ELISA. Interestingly, 35% of the genes expressed in human islets undergo alternative splicing as annotated in RefSeq, and cytokines caused substantial changes in spliced transcripts. Nova1, previously considered a brain-specific regulator of mRNA splicing, is expressed in islets and its knockdown modified splicing. 25/41 of the candidate genes for T1D are expressed in islets, and cytokines modified expression of several of these transcripts. The present study doubles the number of known genes expressed in human islets and shows that cytokines modify alternative splicing in human islet cells. Importantly, it indicates that more than half of the known T1D candidate genes are expressed in human islets. This, and the production of a large number of chemokines and cytokines by cytokine-exposed islets, reinforces the concept of a dialog between pancreatic islets and the immune system in T1D. This dialog is modulated by candidate genes for the disease at both the immune system and beta cell level.
Aeromonas hydrophila infection complicating an open tibial fracture. A case report.

Aeromonas hydrophila is a gram-negative bacterium that commonly inhabits soil and stagnant water. On extremely rare occasions, the organism can cause an aggressive, rapidly spreading, necrotizing infection in humans. The systemic signs of high fever, tachycardia, and elevation of the white blood cell count appear within 24 hours of wound contamination. If the wound is obscured by a cast, these signs erroneously may be attributed to a respiratory problem, e.g., atelectasis or fat metabolism. The organism is not usually sensitive to penicillin or cephalothin. The key to success for saving the extremity appears to be early aggressive debridement. Early diagnosis requires prompt wound inspection as soon as clinical signs of sepsis appear.
Sudden infant death syndrome: insulation from bedding and clothing and its effect modifiers. The National Cot Death Study Group.

BACKGROUND Thermal stress related to excessive insulation from bedding and clothing has been postulated to be associated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). METHODS The parents of 393 (81%) of the infants who died of SIDS in the post neonatal period were interviewed at home. Interviews were also completed with the parents of 1592 (88.4% of total) controls, a representative sample of all hospital births. The study was conducted in regions of the North and South Island of New Zealand in which 78% of all New Zealand births occurred in 1987-1990. Temperatures for the infant's bedroom estimated from the outside temperature and a model were used to predict the appropriate insulation for lower critical temperature (temperature below which the metabolic rate is likely to increase). RESULTS Sudden infant death syndrome was associated with extra thermal insulation of > 2 tog above the lower critical value, the odds ratio (OR) was 1.70 (95% confidence interval [Cl] : 1.3-2.20) after adjusting for season. After adjusting for a number of confounding factors the CR was reduced to 1.35 (95% Cl: 0.97-1.87). Also associated with SIDS was too little thermal insulation OR = 1.67(95% Cl: 1.13-2.48; and 2.63 (95% Cl: 1.61-4.30) when adjustments were made for the confounding factors. The interaction effect between infants sleeping prone and >2 tog extra thermal insulation was significant (OR = 6.07, 95% Cl: 3.83-9.60). Infants with too little thermal insulation were at increased risk if they were not tightly wrapped (OR = 3.81, 95% Cl: 2.04-7.09). There were also small additive interaction effects if the mother smoked and the infants had > 2 tog extra thermal insulation, or they were ill and had > 4 tog extra insulation. Interaction effects between thermal insulation and other factors were not significant. CONCLUSION More thermal insulation than was necessary to maintain the lower critical temperature increased the risk of SIDS primarily among infants in the prone sleep position, and to a lesser degree in infants whose mothers smoked and in infants who were unwell.
Anomaly Detection under Cost Constraint

Anomaly detection is commonly used in fraud analysis. However, budget constraints can turn the audit process unfeasible when a sizable number of anomalies are identified. We propose a method to select cases probabilistically based on their impact, but guaranteeing that the relative discrepancy between the observed values and the expected behaviour are also taken into account. We apply the proposed method to a project designed to monitor the Brazilian public health care payment system in search for fraudulent behaviour.
Large-time behavior of solutions of parabolic equations on the real line with convergent initial data

We consider the semilinear parabolic equation on the real line, where f is a locally Lipschitz function on We prove that if a solution u of this equation is bounded and its initial value has distinct limits at then the solution is quasiconvergent, that is, all its limit profiles as are steady states.
Congruences among modular forms on U(2,2) and the Bloch-Kato conjecture

Let k be a positive integer divisible by 4, l>k a prime, and f an elliptic cuspidal eigenform of weight k-1, level 4, and non-trivial character. Let \rho_f be the l-adic Galois representation attached to f. In this paper we provide evidence for the Bloch-Kato conjecture for a twist of the adjoint motif of \rho_f in the following way. Let L(f,s) denote the symmetric square L-function of f. We prove that (under certain conditions) the l-adic valuation of the algebraic part of L(f, k) is no greater than the l-adic valuation of the order of S, where S is (the Pontryagin dual of) the Selmer group attached to the Galois module \ad^0\rho_f|_{G_K} (-1), and K= Q(i). Our method uses an idea of Ribet in that we introduce an intermediate step and produce congruences between CAP and non-CAP modular forms on the unitary group U(2,2).
Surviving the Acid Test: Responses of Gram-Positive Bacteria to Low pH

SUMMARY Gram-positive bacteria possess a myriad of acid resistance systems that can help them to overcome the challenge posed by different acidic environments. In this review the most common mechanisms are described: i.e., the use of proton pumps, the protection or repair of macromolecules, cell membrane changes, production of alkali, induction of pathways by transcriptional regulators, alteration of metabolism, and the role of cell density and cell signaling. We also discuss the reponses of Listeria monocytogenes, Rhodococcus, Mycobacterium, Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, oral streptococci, and lactic acid bacteria to acidic environments and outline ways in which this knowledge has been or may be used to either aid or prevent bacterial survival in low-pH environments.
A Soluble Form of B Cell Maturation Antigen, a Receptor for the Tumor Necrosis Factor Family Member April, Inhibits Tumor Cell Growth

A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) is a ligand of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family that stimulates tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Expression of APRIL is highly upregulated in many tumors including colon and prostate carcinomas. Here we identify B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand (CAML) interactor (TACI), two predicted members of the TNF receptor family, as receptors for APRIL. APRIL binds BCMA with higher affinity than TACI. A soluble form of BCMA, which inhibits the proliferative activity of APRIL in vitro, decreases tumor cell proliferation in nude mice. Growth of HT29 colon carcinoma cells is blocked when mice are treated once per week with the soluble receptor. These results suggest an important role for APRIL in tumorigenesis and point towards a novel anticancer strategy.
Re‐evaluation of the role of azathioprine in the treatment of adult chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: a report on 53 cases

We treated 53 adults (mean age 54 years, range 17‐89; 37 females and 16 males) with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) by azathioprine. All patients had received at least one form of therapy (including splenectomy in 40 patients) and had less than 50 x 109/1 platelets. The duration of ITP before azathioprine was started ranged from 6 to 350 months (median 19). All patients initially received 150 mg/d of azathioprine. This was associated with a short initial course of prednisone (0.3–0.5 mg/kg d) in 10 of them, who were refractory to prednisone alone. 34 (64%) patients responded, including 24 (45%) complete remissions (CR), three (6%) partial remissions (PR) and seven (13%) minor responses (MR). Median time to achieve response was 4 months. 17 of the CR persisted after 7–182 months, 10 of them after discontinuation of azathioprine. Seven patients relapsed after 4–26 months, five of them after azathioprine was stopped or its dose was reduced. PR were short and the median duration of MR was 8 months. Overall, 21 patients (40%) had responses lasting 1 year or more and 17 (32%) lasting 2 years or more. Median duration of treatment was 18 months (range 3–84). Five patients died of bleeding while on treatment. No prognostic factors for response to azathioprine were found. Mild leucopenia was seen in seven patients and a moderate (x3) increase in transaminases in two patients. No opportunistic infections were seen and no malignancy has occurred since the onset of azathioprine. We conclude that azathioprine gives a relatively high incidence of durable responses and very limited side effects in chronic ITP, when splenectomy has failed or is contraindicated. This efficacy, in our experience, is superior to that obtained with other therapeutic approaches. As responses may be delayed, a course of azathioprine of 4 months is required before one can infer a failure to respond. In responding patients, however, the optimum duration of treatment remains to be established.
The efficacy of cladribine tablets in CIS patients retrospectively assigned the diagnosis of MS using modern criteria: Results from the ORACLE-MS study

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnostic criteria have changed since the ORACLE-MS study was conducted; 223 of 616 patients (36.2%) would have met the diagnosis of MS vs clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) using the newer criteria. Objective The objective of this paper is to assess the effect of cladribine tablets in patients with a first clinical demyelinating attack fulfilling newer criteria (McDonald 2010) for MS vs CIS. Methods A post hoc analysis for subgroups of patients retrospectively classified as fulfilling or not fulfilling newer criteria at the first clinical demyelinating attack was conducted. Results Cladribine tablets 3.5 mg/kg (n = 68) reduced the risk of next attack or three-month confirmed Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) worsening by 74% vs placebo (n = 72); p = 0.0009 in patients meeting newer criteria for MS at baseline. Cladribine tablets 5.25 mg/kg (n = 83) reduced the risk of next attack or three-month confirmed EDSS worsening by 37%, but nominal significance was not reached (p = 0.14). In patients who were still CIS after applying newer criteria, cladribine tablets 3.5 mg/kg (n = 138) reduced the risk of conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS) by 63% vs placebo (n = 134); p = 0.0003. Cladribine tablets 5.25 mg/kg (n = 121) reduced the risk of conversion by 75% vs placebo (n = 134); p < 0.0001. Conclusions Regardless of the criteria used to define CIS or MS, 3.5 mg/kg cladribine tablets are effective in patients with a first clinical demyelinating attack. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: The ORACLE-MS study (NCT00725985).
Parental Status and Child's Home Ownership

This paper explores the relation of parents' status to their children's home ownership. Home ownership by parents increases the probability of a child's home ownership. Parents' income is positively associated with the value of children's homes among owners, though it has no effect on probability of ownership. The effect of parents' income on home value is mediated by the level of gifts among black households and by parents' home value among whites. It is argued that gifts may measure direct aid and parental home value may measure a young person's expectations concerning appropriate housing standards. Data are from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics.
Drusus sharrensis sp. n. (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae), a new species from Sharr National Park in Kosovo, with molecular and ecological notes

Abstract In this paper we describe Drusus sharrensis sp. n. , from the Sharr Mountains in Kosovo. Males of the new species are morphologically most similar to Drusus krusniki Malicky, 1981, Drusus kerek Oláh, 2011 and Drusus juliae Oláh, 2011 but differ mainly in exhibiting (1) a differently shaped spinose area on tergite VIII; (2) intermediate appendages anteriorly curved in lateral view with broad tips in dorsal view; (3) inferior appendages with a distinct dorsal protrusion in the proximal half. Females of the new species are morphologically most similar to Drusus krusniki, Drusus kerek, Drusus juliae, and Drusus plicatus Radovanovic, 1942 but mainly differ in (1) segment X that is longer than the supragenital plate with distinctly pointed tips; (2) supragenital plate quadrangular with a distinct round dorsal protrusion; (3) a vulvar scale with a small median lobe. Results of phylogenetic species delimitation support monophyly of Drusus sharrensis sp. n. and recover it as sister to a clade comprising (Drusus pelasgus Oláh, 2010 + Drusus juliae + Drusus arbanios Oláh, 2010 + Drusus plicatus + (Drusus dacothracus Oláh, 2010 + Drusus illyricus Oláh, 2010)). The new species is a micro-endemic of the Sharr Mountains, a main biodiversity hotspot in the Balkan Peninsula. Main threats to the aquatic ecosystems of this part of the Balkan Peninsula are discussed.
The effect of obesity on glycaemic response to metformin or sulphonylureas in Type 2 diabetes

Aims In treating Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), UK guidelines recommend metformin in obese and overweight patients, and either sulphonylureas or metformin in normal weight patients. Although other factors influence prescribing choice, a key objective in treating T2DM is to lower plasma glucose. There is little data on how glycaemic response to oral agents varies with body mass index (BMI). Therefore, we assessed current prescribing practice and effect of BMI on glycaemic response to sulphonylureas and metformin in a large population T2DM cohort.
Action Recognition via Nonparametric Incremental Learning

We introduce an online action recognition system that can be combined with any set of frame-by-frame feature descriptors. Our system covers the frame feature space with classifiers whose distribution adapts to the hardness of locally approximating the Bayes optimal classifier. An efficient nearest neighbour search is used to find and combine the local classifiers that are closest to the frames of a new video to be classified. The advantages of our approach are: incremental training, frame by frame real-time prediction, nonparametric predictive modelling, video segmentation for continuous action recognition, no need to trim videos to equal lengths and only one tuning parameter (which, for large datasets, can be safely set to the diameter of the feature space). Experiments on standard benchmarks show that our system is competitive with state-of-the-art nonincremental and incremental baselines. keywords: action recognition, incremental learning, continuous action recognition, nonparametric model, real time, multivariate time series classification, temporal classification
RISK FACTORS FOR PERINATAL TRANSMISSION OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 IN WOMEN TREATED WITH ZIDOVUDINE

Background Maternal, obstetrical, and infant-related factors associated with the risk of perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were identified before the widespread use of zidovudine therapy in pregnant women. The risk factors for transmission when women and infants receive zidovudine are not well characterized. Methods We examined the effects of maternal, obstetrical, and infant-related characteristics and maternal virologic and immunologic variables on the risk of perinatal transmission of HIV-1 among 480 women and their infants, all of whom received zidovudine. The women and infants were participating in a phase 3 trial of passive immunoprophylaxis for the prevention of perinatal transmission. Results In univariate analyses, the risk of perinatal transmission was associated with each of the following: decreased maternal CD4+ lymphocyte counts at base line; decreased maternal HIV-1 p24 antibody levels at base line and delivery; increased maternal HIV-1 titer at base line .
Political entertainment media and the Elaboration Likelihood Model: A focus on the roles of motivation and ability

iii Dedication . iv Acknowledgments.v Vita . vi List of Tables . viii List of Figures . xi Chapter 1: Introduction and Literature Review.01 Chapter 2: Method. 67 Chapter 3: Results.91 Chapter 4: Discussion. 109 References . 145 Appendix A: Coding Sheet . 189 Appendix B: Code Book . 190 Appendix C: Study One Ability Manipulation Articles.192 Appendix D: Study Two Motivation Manipulation Articles . 194 Appendix E: Stimuli URLs . 196 Appendix F: List of Hypotheses and Research Questions.197
User-Driven Ranking for Measuring the Interestingness of Knowledge Patterns

Choosing thresholds for knowledge discovery algorithms to achieve a set of results which either solve a specific problem or are optimised towards the users desires requires the re-run of the algorithm, which is a tedious and time-consuming procedure. Within this paper an importance based interestingness measure is introduced that can be applied as a posterior phase. In addition three manipulative operations (balancing, boosting and inversion) are outlined operating upon results of data mining exercises to allow the interpretation of the same result from different viewpoints. The overall framework represents a novel user-driven ranking procedure, allowing measuring the interestingness of knowledge patterns utilising a combination of qualitative and quantitative indicators as well as a user driven importance or interestingness value.
Structure of the human RECQ1 helicase reveals a putative strand-separation pin

RecQ-like helicases, which include 5 members in the human genome, are important in maintaining genome integrity. We present a crystal structure of a truncated form of the human RECQ1 protein with Mg-ADP. The truncated protein is active in DNA fork unwinding but lacks other activities of the full-length enzyme: disruption of Holliday junctions and DNA strand annealing. The structure of human RECQ1 resembles that of Escherichia coli RecQ, with some important differences. All structural domains are conserved, including the 2 RecA-like domains and the RecQ-specific zinc-binding and winged-helix (WH) domains. However, the WH domain is positioned at a different orientation from that of the E. coli enzyme. We identify a prominent β-hairpin of the WH domain as essential for DNA strand separation, which may be analogous to DNA strand-separation features of other DNA helicases. This hairpin is significantly shorter in the E. coli enzyme and is not required for its helicase activity, suggesting that there are significant differences between the modes of action of RecQ family members.
A Pair of Allelic WRKY Genes Play Opposite Roles in Rice-Bacteria Interactions1[C][W][OA]

Although allelic diversity of genes has been reported to play important roles in different physiological processes, information on allelic diversity of defense-responsive genes in host-pathogen interactions is limited. Here, we report that a pair of allelic genes, OsWRKY45-1 and OsWRKY45-2, which encode proteins with a 10-amino acid difference, play opposite roles in rice (Oryza sativa) resistance against bacterial pathogens. Bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo), bacterial streak caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzicola (Xoc), and fungal blast caused by Magnaporthe grisea are devastating diseases of rice worldwide. OsWRKY45-1-overexpressing plants showed increased susceptibility and OsWRKY45-1-knockout plants showed enhanced resistance to Xoo and Xoc. In contrast, OsWRKY45-2-overexpressing plants showed enhanced resistance and OsWRKY45-2-suppressing plants showed increased susceptibility to Xoo and Xoc. Interestingly, both OsWRKY45-1- and OsWRKY45-2-overexpressing plants showed enhanced resistance to M. grisea. OsWRKY45-1-regulated Xoo resistance was accompanied by increased accumulation of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid and induced expression of a subset of defense-responsive genes, while OsWRKY45-2-regulated Xoo resistance was accompanied by increased accumulation of jasmonic acid but not salicylic acid and induced expression of another subset of defense-responsive genes. These results suggest that both OsWRKY45-1 and OsWRKY45-2 are positive regulators in rice resistance against M. grisea, but the former is a negative regulator and the latter is a positive regulator in rice resistance against Xoo and Xoc. The opposite roles of the two allelic genes in rice-Xoo interaction appear to be due to their mediation of different defense signaling pathways.
A Model of Conversation Management in Virtual Rooms

A distributor diesel fuel injection pump of the spill-inject-spill type has a two-piece valve moveable relative to a valve seat to the spill-inject-spill cycles with this valve being actuated by the armature of a push type solenoid. At least the tip portion of the valve is made of steel, the remainder of the valve being formed of a compliant material so as to substantially reduce valve bounce and to permit sufficient bending of the valve to allow the armature to contact the pole surface of the solenoid.