Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognition and Mental Health in Pediatric Patients Following COVID-19

The global coronavirus pandemic has significantly impacted public health and has been a research subject since its emergence in 2019. The acute phase of the disease leads to pulmonary and non-pulmonary manifestations, which in some individuals may progress to long-lasting symptoms. In this article, we conducted a narrative review of the current literature to summarize current knowledge regarding long COVID syndrome in children, focusing on cognitive symptoms. The review included a search of three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) using the key phrases “post COVID-19 cognitive pediatric”, “long COVID pediatric”, “mental health long COVID children”, and “COVID-19 cognitive symptoms”. A total of 102 studies were included. The review revealed that the main long-term cognitive symptoms following COVID-19 were memory and concentration deficits, sleep disturbances, and psychiatric states such as anxiety and stress. In addition to the direct physiological effects of a viral infection, there are psychological, behavioral, and social factors contributing to cognitive impairment, which should be addressed regarding the pediatric population. The high prevalence of neurocognitive symptoms in children following COVID-19 emphasizes the importance of understanding the mechanisms of nervous system involvement.
An in situ high-pressure X-ray diffraction experiment on hydroxyapophyllite

The compression behavior of a natural hydroxyapophyllite is investigated up to about 10.01 GPa at 300 K using in situ angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction and a diamond anvil cell at the High Pressure Experiment Station, Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF). Over this pressure range, no phase change or disproportionation is observed. The isothermal equation of state is determined for the first time. The values of zero-pressure volume V0, isothermal bulk modulus K0, and K′0 refined with a third-order Birch—Murnaghan equation of state are V0 = 1276.3±0.9 Å3, K0 = 71±3 GPa, and K′0 = 8±1. Furthermore, we confirm that the values of linear compressibility β along the a and c directions of hydroxyapophyllite are elastically anisotropic.
Flowers of Allium cepa L. as Nutraceuticals: Phenolic Composition and Anti-Obesity and Antioxidant Effects in Caenorhabditis elegans

Allium cepa L. , commonly known as onion, is one of the most-consumed vegetables. The benefits of the intake of its bulb are well studied and are related to its high polyphenol content. The flowers of onions are also edible; however, there are no studies about their biological properties. Our aim was to determine the polyphenolic profile and assess the antioxidant and anti-obesity capacity of an ethanolic extract from fresh flowers of A. cepa. The phenolic constituents were identified through LC-DAD-ESI/MSn. For the anti-obesity potential, the inhibitory activity against digestive enzymes was measured. Several in vitro assays were carried out to determine the antioxidant capacity. A Caenorhabditis elegans model was used to evaluate the effect of the extract on stress resistance and fat accumulation. For the first time, kaempferol and isorhamnetin glucosides were identified in the flowers. The extract reduced fat accumulation in the nematode and had a high lipase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity. Regarding the antioxidant activity, the extract increased the survival rate of C. elegans exposed to lethal oxidative stress. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were enhanced by the extract. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, the antioxidant and anti-obesity activity of onion flowers and their potential use as functional foods and nutraceuticals.
Determining a Perturbation Factor to Design Tunable Resonant Cavities in SIW Technology

— This paper presents an effective and novel design procedure employing a novelty named as Perturbation Factor to predict the resonance frequency of resonant cavities in SIW technology perturbed by a shape perturbation. The design procedure can be applied in tunable cavities and bandpass filters with shunt reactance of symmetrical inductive window, and regarding the application technologies, rectangular waveguide resonators and resonant cavities in SIW can be employed due to the equivalence of operation between both technologies. Its straightforward application allows a frequency variation of up to 20% using only one metal post which allows the reduction of the fabrication cost and the preservation of the frequency response across the considered bandwidth. To validate the design procedure, two resonant cavities were fabricated, a rectangular resonant cavity designed to operate at 5.0 GHz and 6.0 GHz and a square resonant cavity designed to operate at 6.0 GHz and 7.2 GHz, and frequency variations of 17.74% and 21.81% were obtained for the rectangular and square cavities, respectively. Still regarding the reached results, was verified a mean error of 1.75% for the predicted resonance frequency, which validates the design procedure. The experimental results are in good agreement with the full-wave computational results and electromagnetic theory.
Cross-Modal Fusion Convolutional Neural Networks With Online Soft-Label Training Strategy for Mechanical Fault Diagnosis

Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based fault detection approaches based on multisource signals have attracted increasing interest from the research community and industrial practices, thanks to the powerful feature representation capability of CNN and the rapid development of sensor technology. Various strategies have been applied in existing CNN-based diagnostic models to learn features from 1-D real-valued multivariate data. However, the distribution gap and the intrinsic correlations among multisource mechanical signals during the learning process have been rarely considered, which may lead to suboptimal fault identification results. To tackle this issue, this article proposes a cross-modal fusion convolutional neural network (CMFCNN) for mechanical fault diagnosis, which performs modality-specific and cross-modal feature representation on multisource data. Specifically, CMFCNN adopts two parallel modality-specific networks and a cross-modal knowledge-sharing network to fully explore independent and shared features from the multisource mechanical signals. To achieve effective feature propagation and fusion, a cross-modal fusion module is introduced to integrate cross-modal features and pass the fused information to the next layer. Moreover, to alleviate overfitting and achieve a better diagnostic performance of the framework, an online soft-label training algorithm is adopted in the CMFCNN training phase. Extensive experimental results on the cylindrical rolling bearing dataset and the planetary gearbox dataset validate that the proposed CMFCNN outperforms seven state-of-the-art methods significantly, especially under strong noise conditions.
A partial pole placement approach to proportional-integral observer design

Abstract This paper deals with the partial pole placement design of a proportional-integral (PI) observer. The proposed partial pole placement approach offers a new method for designers to assign the PI observer gains on a detectable system. Analysis and design of the PI observer are discussed in detail. A crucial lemma and discussions to the proposed approach are presented, and an illustrative numerical example is given to verify the proposed design approach.
Demonstration of a Full-Scale Brassboard TES Microcalorimeter Array for the Athena X-IFU

We have characterized a full-scale transition-edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeter array as a milestone towards the demonstration of technology readiness level (TRL) 5 for the detector array for the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) instrument on ESA's future flagship X-Ray Observatory called Athena. We fabricated a 90 mm full-scale prototype TES array and measured the properties and the performance in a newly developed platform in which up to 960 out of ∼3,200 pixels can be read out. In this paper, we report on measurements of the uniformity of the transition temperature and shape, the uniformity of the spectral energy resolutions at 7 keV and 10 keV, the thermal crosstalk for the first, the diagonal, and the second nearest neighbors, and the energy sensitivities to environment perturbations for the magnetic field, the TES bias voltage, and the heat bath temperature.
Effect of Gliding Arc Plasma Jet on the Mycobiota and Deoxynivalenol Levels in Naturally Contaminated Barley Grains

Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium meridionale are primary contaminants of barley, capable of producing several mycotoxins, mainly type B trichothecenes and zearalenone. Cold plasma decontamination has been gaining prominence, seeking to control the fungal and mycotoxin contamination of food and feed and to improve product quality. To reach this objective, the present study was divided into two parts. In the first part, F. meridionale and F. graminearum strains were exposed to gliding arc plasma jet (GAPJ). Cell viability tests showed the inactivation of F. meridionale after 15-min treatment, whereas F. graminearum showed to be resistant. In the second part, barley grains were treated by GAPJ for 10, 20, and 30 min, demonstrating a reduction of about 2 log CFU/g of the barley’s mycobiota, composed of yeasts, strains belonging to the F. graminearum species complex, Alternaria, and Aspergillus. A decrease in DON levels (up to 89%) was observed after exposure for 20 min. However, an increase in the toxin Deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) was observed in barley grains, indicating a conversion of DON to D3G.
Patient appropriateness for total knee arthroplasty and predicted probability of a good outcome

Objectives One-fifth of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) recipients experience a suboptimal outcome. Incorporation of patients’ preferences in TKA assessment may improve outcomes. We determined the discriminant ability of preoperative measures of TKA need, readiness/willingness and expectations for a good TKA outcome. Methods In patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) undergoing primary TKA, we preoperatively assessed TKA need (Western Ontario-McMaster Universities OA Index (WOMAC) Pain Score and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) function, arthritis coping), health status, readiness (Patient Acceptable Symptom State, depressive symptoms), willingness (definitely yes—yes/no) and expectations (outcomes deemed ‘very important’). A good outcome was defined as symptom improvement (met Outcome Measures in Rheumatology and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OMERACT–OARSI) responder criteria) and satisfaction with results 1 year post TKA. Using logistic regression, we assessed independent outcome predictors, model discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, AUC) and the predicted probability of a good outcome for different need, readiness/willingness and expectations scenarios. Results Of 1,053 TKA recipients (mean age 66.9 years (SD 8.8); 58.6% women), 78.1% achieved a good outcome. With TKA need alone (WOMAC pain subscale, KOOS physical function short-form), model discrimination was good (AUC 0.67, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.71). Inclusion of readiness/willingness, depressive symptoms and expectations regarding kneeling, stair climbing, well-being and performing recreational activities improved discrimination (p=0.01; optimism corrected AUC 0.70, 0.66–0.74). The predicted probability of a good outcome ranged from 44.4% (33.9–55.5) to 92.4% (88.4–95.1) depending on level of TKA need, readiness/willingness, depressive symptoms and surgical expectations. Conclusions Although external validation is required, our findings suggest that incorporation of patients’ TKA readiness, willingness and expectations in TKA decision-making may improve the proportion of recipients that experience a good outcome.
Towards Digital Economy: The Development of ICT and E-Commerce in Malaysia

Information and communication technologies (ICT) are one of the important determinants for the rapid growth of E-Commerce transactions all over the world. The upshot of ICT and the initiative by Malaysian government flourish online businesses in the country. The aim of this paper is to show the potential growth of ICT and the development of E-Commerce in Malaysia. The impact of internet usage, internet disclosure, internet experience and the improvement of ICT have positive implications for the information technology (IT) infrastructure and for the E-Commerce development in the country. Finding shows that the behavior of internet users for purchasing online is changing through the growth of ICT and IT infrastructure. The increasing rate of internet users, online spending and adopting of new technologies are the key drivers for the development of E-Commerce in Malaysia. Government initiatives for the development of IT infrastructure and E-Commerce have shown a positive feedback from the businesses all over the country. This study may enable the decision makers of the developing countries to adopt the initiatives and steps of the Malaysian government as a role model for the development of E-Commerce and knowledge base economy. This paper also provides the background of the ICT dependency, its influence on purchase intentions and the development of E-Commerce in Malaysia.
Estimation in a Linear Regression Model with Censored Data

We consider the semiparametric linear regression model with censored data and with unknown error distribution. We describe estimation equations of the Buckley-James type that admit √n-consistent and asymptotically normal solutions. The derived estimator is efficient at a particular error distribution. We show the equivalence between this type of estimator and an estimator based on a linear rank test suggested by Tsiatis. An extension to an estimator that is efficient everywhere is discussed
Problematizing Human Capital Development in English Language Education in Bangladesh

This article draws on a framework based on Bernstein’s three-message systems of schooling and Ball’s notion of policy cycle to examine how the human capital development goal incorporated into the Bangladesh secondary English curriculum has been translated into pedagogy and assessment practices. Data were collected from classroom observations and teacher and principal interviews and document analysis. Findings indicate that while the curriculum has emphasized human capital development as an important English language education policy goal, pedagogy and assessment appear to be pursuing divergent goals and are mediated by local structures shaped by the colonial past and the current political economic context. The article highlights how human capital development is inadequate for substantive pedagogical and assessment practices and contributes to comparative education policy enactment studies by revealing how neoliberally oriented global education policy trends of human capital development unfold locally in schooling contexts in developing societies, namely, Bangladesh.
Editorial: Advances in bioprocessing of viral vectors and virus-like particles

Biological nanoplexes, such as viruses, virus-like particles (VLPs), phages, exosomes, and lipid nanoparticles are valuable tools in medicine. This is particularly the case for gene therapy to treat hereditary and acquired diseases, as well as for vaccines as prophylaxis. In fact, the latter are a growth engine for the biopharmaceutical industry, motivated by the continuous increase of infectious hazards, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccines are typically administered to healthy individuals and are, accordingly, subject to high safety requirements, which have to be considered in the manufacturing process. Biological nanoplexes are generally derived from living organisms and are more complex than traditional therapeutics in terms of their components and production technologies. This is equally true for vaccines based on encapsulated nucleic acids or recombinant proteins, which usually are structurally less complicated. Cell-based production processes for biological nanoplexes and recombinant proteins comprise three main segments: i) The upstream process (USP), in which the target components are manufactured, ii) the downstream process (DSP), where the components, produced in the USP, are purified in accordance with the regulatory requirements, and finally iii) the formulation and sterile filling of the formulated drug into appropriate primary packaging material. Scientists from different fields, including virology and bioprocess engineering, continue to improve manufacturing processes to shorten their development timelines, and to meet the global demand on vaccines. These developments cannot compromise on product quality and purity, and should ideally drive the cost-effectiveness of the process. In order to meet these challenges, scientists focus on the following bioprocess and analytical Research Topic: i) Inprocess accelerated analytics (Lothert et al., 2022), ii) process automation and data science (Vormittag et al., 2020), and high-throughput technology to speed up process development (Marchel et al., 2019; Hillebrandt et al., 2021), iii) process translation from the development scale to the production scale, iv) platform technologies in the area of USP (Felberbaum, 2015; Farzaneh et al., 2017; Chambers et al., 2018; Tan et al., 2021) and DSP (Marichal-Gallardo et al., 2017; Fortuna et al., 2018; Hillebrandt et al., 2020; Lothert et al., 2020), v) continuous manufacturing processes (Krober et al., 2013; Fischer et al., 2018; Fortuna et al., 2021), vi) single-use technologies and closed systems, vii) modeling of production processes, and (viii) OPEN ACCESS
Brain effective connectivity and functional connectivity as markers of lifespan vascular exposures in middle-aged adults: The Bogalusa Heart Study

Introduction Effective connectivity (EC), the causal influence that functional activity in a source brain location exerts over functional activity in a target brain location, has the potential to provide different information about brain network dynamics than functional connectivity (FC), which quantifies activity synchrony between locations. However, head-to-head comparisons between EC and FC from either task-based or resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) data are rare, especially in terms of how they associate with salient aspects of brain health. Methods In this study, 100 cognitively-healthy participants in the Bogalusa Heart Study aged 54.2 ± 4.3years completed Stroop task-based fMRI, resting-state fMRI. EC and FC among 24 regions of interest (ROIs) previously identified as involved in Stroop task execution (EC-task and FC-task) and among 33 default mode network ROIs (EC-rest and FC-rest) were calculated from task-based and resting-state fMRI using deep stacking networks and Pearson correlation. The EC and FC measures were thresholded to generate directed and undirected graphs, from which standard graph metrics were calculated. Linear regression models related graph metrics to demographic, cardiometabolic risk factors, and cognitive function measures. Results Women and whites (compared to men and African Americans) had better EC-task metrics, and better EC-task metrics associated with lower blood pressure, white matter hyperintensity volume, and higher vocabulary score (maximum value of p = 0.043). Women had better FC-task metrics, and better FC-task metrics associated with APOE-ε4 3–3 genotype and better hemoglobin-A1c, white matter hyperintensity volume and digit span backwards score (maximum value of p = 0.047). Better EC rest metrics associated with lower age, non-drinker status, and better BMI, white matter hyperintensity volume, logical memory II total score, and word reading score (maximum value of p = 0.044). Women and non-drinkers had better FC-rest metrics (value of p = 0.004). Discussion In a diverse, cognitively healthy, middle-aged community sample, EC and FC based graph metrics from task-based fMRI data, and EC based graph metrics from resting-state fMRI data, were associated with recognized indicators of brain health in differing ways. Future studies of brain health should consider taking both task-based and resting-state fMRI scans and measuring both EC and FC analyses to get a more complete picture of functional networks relevant to brain health.
Preparation and superconducting properties of ultrafine powders and sintered compacts of NbC and NbN

We have produced ultrafine powders of refractory metals with the nominal compositions NbC and NbN by conversion of a Nb‐bearing spray‐dried powder in hydrogen‐methane and ammonia atmospheres at temperatures as low as 800 and 700 °C, respectively. The resulting powders consist of 5–10‐μm balls subdivided into 10–100‐nm microcrystallites. We have investigated some of the factors which affect the microcrystallite size and the superconducting transition temperatures of the powders and have observed the changes of morphology which occur during two stages of sintering. In the more heavily sintered compacts of NbN, the finer scale of division into microcrystallites was lost, leaving a compact of approximately 70% density with a characteristic scale for crystallites and voids of 1–5 μm. At 4.2 K the best NbN sample had Hc2≳120 kG, and Jc≳103 A/cm2 at all fields up to 110 kG. These Jc values are generally twice those of the best previously reported sintered compacts of niobium carbonitride materials. It is possible that similar techniques can be applied to the production of other refractory metals such as tungsten carbide.We have produced ultrafine powders of refractory metals with the nominal compositions NbC and NbN by conversion of a Nb‐bearing spray‐dried powder in hydrogen‐methane and ammonia atmospheres at temperatures as low as 800 and 700 °C, respectively. The resulting powders consist of 5–10‐μm balls subdivided into 10–100‐nm microcrystallites. We have investigated some of the factors which affect the microcrystallite size and the superconducting transition temperatures of the powders and have observed the changes of morphology which occur during two stages of sintering. In the more heavily sintered compacts of NbN, the finer scale of division into microcrystallites was lost, leaving a compact of approximately 70% density with a characteristic scale for crystallites and voids of 1–5 μm. At 4.2 K the best NbN sample had Hc2≳120 kG, and Jc≳103 A/cm2 at all fields up to 110 kG. These Jc values are generally twice those of the best previously reported sintered compacts of niobium carbonitride materials. It is possibl.
Energy methods for abstract nonlinear Schrödinger equations

So far there seems to be no abstract formulations for nonlinear Schrodinger equations (NLS). In some sense Cazenave[2, Chapter 3] has given a guiding principle to replace the free Schrodinger group with the approximate identity of resolvents. In fact, he succeeded in separating the existence theory from the Strichartz estimates. This paper is a proposal to extend his guiding principle by using the square root of the resolvent. More precisely, the abstract theory here unifies the local existence of weak solutions to (NLS) with not only typical nonlinearities but also some critical cases. Moreover, the theory yields the improvement of [21].