Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concealed semantic and episodic autobiographical memory electrified

Electrophysiology-based concealed information tests (CIT) try to determine whether somebody possesses concealed information about a crime-related item (probe) by comparing event-related potentials (ERPs) between this item and comparison items (irrelevants). Although the broader field is sometimes referred to as “memory detection,” little attention has been paid to the precise type of underlying memory involved. This study begins addressing this issue by examining the key distinction between semantic and episodic memory in the autobiographical domain within a CIT paradigm. This study also addresses the issue of whether multiple repetitions of the items over the course of the session habituate the brain responses. Participants were tested in a 3-stimulus CIT with semantic autobiographical probes (their own date of birth) and episodic autobiographical probes (a secret date learned just before the study). Results dissociated these two memory conditions on several ERP components. Semantic probes elicited a smaller frontal N2 than episodic probes, consistent with the idea that the frontal N2 decreases with greater pre-existing knowledge about the item. Likewise, semantic probes elicited a smaller central N400 than episodic probes. Semantic probes also elicited a larger P3b than episodic probes because of their richer meaning. In contrast, episodic probes elicited a larger late positive complex (LPC) than semantic probes, because of the recent episodic memory associated with them. All these ERPs showed a difference between probes and irrelevants in both memory conditions, except for the N400, which showed a difference only in the semantic condition. Finally, although repetition affected the ERPs, it did not reduce the difference between probes and irrelevants. These findings show that the type of memory associated with a probe has both theoretical and practical importance for CIT research.
Probiotics, Nuclear Receptor Signaling, and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways

There is increased investigation of the human microbiome as it relates to health and disease. Dysbiosis is implicated in various clinical conditions including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Probiotics have been explored as a potential treatment for IBD and other diseases. The mechanism of action for probiotics has yet to be fully elucidated. This paper discusses novel mechanisms of action for probiotics involving anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. We highlight recent progress in probiotics and nuclear receptor signaling, such as peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and vitamin D receptor (VDR). We also discuss future areas of investigation.
Scholarship@Western Scholarship@Western Biomechanical Measurement Error Can Be Caused by Fujifilm Biomechanical Measurement Error Can Be Caused by Fujifilm Thickness: A Theoretical, Experimental, and Computational Thickness: A Theoretical, Experimental, and Computational Analysis Analysis

This is the first study to quantify the measurement error due to the physical thickness of Fujifilm for several material combinations relevant to orthopaedics. Theoretical and experimental analyses were conducted for cylinder-on-flat indentation over a series of forces (750 and 3000 N), cylinder diameters (0 to 80 mm), and material combinations (metal-on-metal, MOM; metal-on-polymer, MOP; metal-on-bone, MOB). For the scenario without Fujifilm, classic Hertzian theory predicted the true line-type contact width as 𝑊 𝑂 = {(8 FD cyl )/(𝜋𝐿 cyl )[(1 − ] cyl 2 )/𝐸 cyl + (1 − ] flat 2 )/𝐸 flat ]} 1/2 , where 𝐹 is compressive force, 𝐷 cyl is cylinder diameter, 𝐿 cyl is cylinder length, ] cyl and ] flat are cylinder and flat Poisson’s ratios, and 𝐸 cyl and 𝐸 flat are cylinder and flat elastic moduli. For the scenario with Fujifilm, experimental measurements resulted in contact widths of 𝑊 𝐹 = 0.1778 × 𝐹 0.2273 × 𝐷 0.2936 for MOM tests, 𝑊 𝐹 = 0.0449 × 𝐹 0.4664 × 𝐷 0.4201 for MOP tests, and 𝑊 𝐹 = 0.1647 × 𝐹 0.2397 × 𝐷 0.3394 for MOB tests, where 𝐹 is compressive force and 𝐷 is cylinder diameter. Fujifilm thickness error ratio 𝑊 𝐹 /𝑊 𝑂 showed a nonlinear decrease versus cylinder diameter, whilst error graphs shifted down as force increased. Computational finite element analysis for several test cases agreed with theoretical and experimental data, respectively, to within 3.3% and 1.4%. Despite its wide use, Fujifilm’s measurement errors must be kept in mind when employed in orthopaedic biomechanics research.
Cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary sinus: six cases from the same region

Abstract It is common to find cholesterol granuloma in the mastoid antrum and air cells of the temporal bone, but it is very rare in paranasal sinuses. In the development of this pathology, the key factor is the presence of a closed cavity containing exudate and blood. Six cases of cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary sinus are presented from six years' study in our hospital. According to the main symptoms, clinical findings, and radiological appearance (except the destruction of the antrum wall in some patients), the pathology was similar to chronic maxillary sinusitis. All the patients were treated with radical operative techniques. In this study, we reviewed the literature and our cases, and could not detect any findings to explain why this pathology had occurred frequently in our district. We strongly recommend that investigations should be carried out on all specimens obtained from paranasal sinus surgery, because the cholesterol granuloma in the maxillary antrum could be mistaken for chronic sinusitis.
Determinants of Early Educational Career in Israel: Further Evidence for the Sponsorship Thesis.

This paper examines the argument that school sponsorship mechanisms are, relative to significant others' influence (SOI), a more effective determinant of educational plans and attainment in societies geared toward sponsored mobility. This argument has been previously validated with respect to aspirations for higher education in Israel. The present paper analyzes the determinants of curriculum placement in Israeli high schools. In particular, it examines the relative impact of SOI versus ability grouping at the junior high level. A path analysis of longitudinal data for a representative sample of junior high students shows that their aspirations for specific high school training are determined mainly by SOI. Yet, their curriculum placement in the tenith grade is affected by ability grouping much more than by SOI or aspirations. These findings are supported by additional discriminant analyses of high school aspiration tracks and track placement. It is also found that the high school tracking of students of Oriental origin is more heavily influenced by institutional mechanisms than the tracking of their Ashkenazi counterparts. The above processes are interpreted as indicative of a transitional period in the formation of educational careers in sponsorship-oriented systems. In such systems, sponsorship mechanisms may determine educational attainment at all school levels, but their cumulative effect on aspirations is apparent only at an advanced stage of schooling. Comparative studies which may further validate this thesis are proposed.
Invisible Needle Detection in Ultrasound: Leveraging Mechanism-Induced Vibration

In clinical applications that involve ultrasound-guided intervention, the visibility of the needle can be severely impeded due to steep insertion and strong distractors such as speckle noise and anatomical occlusion. To address this challenge, we propose VibNet, a learning-based framework tailored to enhance the robustness and accuracy of needle detection in ultrasound images, even when the target becomes invisible to the naked eye. Inspired by Eulerian Video Magnification techniques, we utilize an external step motor to induce low-amplitude periodic motion on the needle. These subtle vibrations offer the potential to generate robust frequency features for detecting the motion patterns around the needle. To robustly and precisely detect the needle leveraging these vibrations, VibNet integrates learning-based Short-Time-Fourier-Transform and Hough-Transform modules to achieve successive sub-goals, including motion feature extraction in the spatiotemporal space, frequency feature aggregation, and needle detection in the Hough space. Based on the results obtained on distinct ex vivo porcine and bovine tissue samples, the proposed algorithm exhibits superior detection performance with efficient computation and generalization capability.
An empirical study of it innovation adoption among small and medium size enterprise in Malaysia

This study used Entrepreneurial Event model as a base model to investigate SME owners’ perception toward IT innovation adoption and use. Since this model investigates the individual’s intention toward taking action, it would be interesting to test and validate this model in an individual’s intention toward technology acceptance. This study revised and validated the model in a new context and tried to examine the effect of perceived desirability, propensity to act and performance expectancy on behavior intention to adopt and use IT innovation in SMEs companies. Questionnaires were distributed to collect data from Malaysian industries in Kuala Lumpur. 412 completed questionnaires were available in this study, and SEM techniques were applied for data analysis. Results showed that perceived desirability, propensity to act and performance expectancy have a significant positive influence on behavioral intention, and also found that experience moderated the relationship between determinants and behavior intention.
Methodologies, tools and technologies for location-aware AAL

Localization services within Ambient Assisted Living systems often require expensive phases of environment setup and devices calibration/configuration. This research aims to propose innovative methodologies and tools able to keep such phases as simple as possible, looking for low complexity as well as low cost approaches. Localization and tracking techniques that exploit Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and Inertial Measurement Units (IMU), composed of accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, barometers, etc., are investigated.
Individual differences in student cheating.

The incidence and causes of cheating were investigated using a questionnaire, consisting of 21 cheating behaviors, which was distributed to students at an English university. Respondents were asked to indicate, confidentially, which of the behaviors they had engaged in. Reported cheating was widespread and some types of cheating (e.g., on coursework) were more common than others. Reported cheating was more common in men than women; more common with less able students than more able ones; more common in younger students than mature ones; and more common in science and technology students than those in other disciplines. It is suggested that students' motivation, in particular whether they are studying to learn rather than simply to obtain good grades, is a major factor in explaining these differences. The results also indicate that cheating consists of a number of different types of behavior rather than being a unitary concept.
Transmit Power Selection by Cooperative Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks

In cognitive radio systems, secondary users are allowed to use the spectrum allocated to some primary user if they do not cause harmful interference to the primary user. This is called as a spectrum sharing. In the conventional spectrum sharing, the secondary user senses the spectrum and makes a binary decision: the spectrum is either available or not. In this approach, fixed transmit power has been assumed. Instead of just making a binary decision, we employ a new approach where the allowable maximum transmit power level is selected from the prepared transmit power levels with the constraint on the miss detection probability which guarantees the primary user performance. The proposed approach can extend the area where the secondary user is allowed to use the spectrum with the transmit power selection. Computer simulation results present that the proposed method can improve spectrum utilization.
The PapG-adhesin at the tip of P-fimbriae provides Escherichia coli with a competitive edge in experimental bladder infections of cynomolgus monkeys

Human urinary tract infection is an infectious disease that depends on a series of host-microbial interactions. The bacteria first colonize the colon and then the periurethral/vaginal areas; they ascend to and infect first the bladder and then the kidneys. Expression of Escherichia coli P-fimbriae constitutes the strongest correlation to renal pathogenicity, but is also related to first-time cystitis in children. The role of P-fimbriae in the preceding steps in the infectious process is unknown. To examine this, we constructed, from a P-fimbriated E. coli strain with a class II G-adhesin preferentially binding to globoside, one isogenic mutant lacking the G-adhesin and another isogenic mutant in which we replaced the papG class II allele with a class III adhesin preferentially binding to the Forssman antigen. We report here the comparison of the adhesin knockout mutant (DS17-8) and the class-switch mutant (DS17-1) with the wild-type (DS17) for in vivo colonization of the gut, vagina, and bladder of cynomolgus monkeys. It was recently shown that the class II tip G-adhesin is a prerequisite for acute pyelonephritis to occur in the monkey model in the absence of other kidney-specific adhesins or obstruction of the urinary flow. Here we show that it is not required for bladder infection but gives a competitive advantage in mixed infections. In the vagina and colon, the G-adhesin gives no competitive advantage.
Design and hybrid realization of FIR Nyquist filters with quantized coefficients and low sensitivity to timing jitter

A design of finite impulse response (FIR) Nyquist filters with zero intersymbol interference (ISI) and low sensitivity to timing jitter is presented. Using an affine scaling linear programming algorithm, a near-optimum quantized coefficient set can be obtained in a feasible computational time. By varying a parameter, the design provides a tradeoff between the tail energy of the impulse response in the time domain and the stopband of the magnitude response in the frequency domain. We also present a pipelined multiplier-free FIR filter realization with periodically time-varying (PTV) coefficients based on a hybrid form. The realizations exploit the coefficient symmetry to reduce the hardware by about one half. By placing most of the shifts followed by addition toward the back end of the structure, hardware is reduced due to the shorter wordlength of the adders. The proposed structure has a provision to increase the speed by adjusting a design parameter but at the expense of more hardware.
Integrated Analysis of COX-2 and iNOS Derived Inflammatory Mediators in LPS-Stimulated RAW Macrophages Pre-Exposed to Echium plantagineum L. Bee Pollen Extract

Oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in disease development. This study intended to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of Echium plantagineum L. bee pollen to support its claimed health beneficial effects. The hydromethanol extract efficiently scavenged nitric oxide (•NO) although against superoxide (O2 •−) it behaved as antioxidant at lower concentrations and as pro-oxidant at higher concentrations. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated in LPS-stimulated macrophages. The levels of •NO and L-citrulline decreased for all extract concentrations tested, while the levels of prostaglandins, their metabolites and isoprostanes, evaluated by UPLC-MS, decreased with low extract concentrations. So, E. plantagineum bee pollen extract can exert anti-inflammatory activity by reducing •NO and prostaglandins. The extract is able to scavenge the reactive species •NO and O2 •− and reduce markers of oxidative stress in cells at low concentrations.
Somatosensation assessment using the NIH Toolbox

Touch sensation is one element of sensory function. As such, somatosensation is one of the sensory domains included in the NIH Toolbox, which is an assessment battery for measuring a range of human functions including emotional health, sensation, cognition, and motor function. We evaluated a variety of methods for inclusion in the NIH Toolbox main battery. In a convenience sample of 409 participants, we evaluated aspects of kinesthesia, pain, and tactile discrimination. We present results on these measures across the lifespan and discuss implications for future studies that use the NIH Toolbox and these measures.
Design of a soft upper body robot for physical human-robot interaction

To physically interact with children, a robot should be safe and durable. We have developed a small toy sized robot with a soft skin that is robust to playful physical interaction. The upper body, including the arms, pelvis, chest and back has soft, 3D printed air-filled modules connected to pressure sensors to sense contact and provide protection to the child and robot while interacting. These soft skin modules cover the underlying actuators and the rigid 3D printed frame with printed bearings. In this paper, we present the design process of these modules and demonstrate their efficacy by implementing a "grab and move" user interface for posing the robot link by link.
Curriculum mapping as deliberation – examining the alignment of subject learning outcomes and course curricula

This article aims to evaluate the alignment between subject learning outcomes (SLOs) that represent the role of the Department of Curriculum and Instruction (C&I) and the course curricula documents. Content analysis was conducted to map SLOs in the curricula documents of a set of compulsory courses offered by the department of C&I. A hermeneutic perspective was adopted by four academic staff members who were involved in the mapping process, which considers curriculum scrutiny as an opportunity of reflective dialog. Findings suggest that though SLOs were adequately addressed in courses offered in various programs, the coverage and depth of studying SLOs may differ in different programs, such as Bachelor of Education and Post Graduate Diploma in Education. In this study, curriculum mapping was facilitated by deliberative dialog among participants, which made the mapping exercise a validating professional development activity. Implications are discussed. Recommendations regarding curriculum evaluation and teacher training are similarly suggested.
Smooth Sensitivity for Learning Differentially-Private yet Accurate Rule Lists

Differentially-private (DP) mechanisms can be embedded into the design of a machine learningalgorithm to protect the resulting model against privacy leakage, although this often comes with asignificant loss of accuracy. In this paper, we aim at improving this trade-off for rule lists modelsby establishing the smooth sensitivity of the Gini impurity and leveraging it to propose a DP greedyrule list algorithm. In particular, our theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate thatthe DP rule lists models integrating smooth sensitivity have higher accuracy that those using otherDP frameworks based on global sensitivity.
Traço de ansiedade, competências psicológicas, rendimento desportivo e posição em campo: Estudo em três escalões competitivos

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of two Psychological Factors (Trait Anxiety and Psychological Skills) with athletic performance, and the positions occupied in the football field. To this end we resort to a sample of 76 male athletes, sub divided into three competitive levels: U14, U-16 and U-18. With this design were sought evidence that the Trait Anxiety and the Psychological Skills influence Athletic Performance, and the Psychological Factors under study may differ significantly depending on the position occupied by the athletes on the field. To assess this relations we used the Sport Anxiety Scale (Smith, Smoll e Schultz 1990), the Psychological Inventory for Sports (Mahoney, Gabriel & Perkins, 1987), and a Subjective measure of Athletic Performance (Evaluation by Coaches). Correlations were found between Athletic Performance and some Psychological Factors, including: Team Emphasis, Self-Confidence, Concentration Disruption and Trait Anxiety. The results also indicated that athletes with higher sports Performance have a higher level of Concentration and Self-Confidence, and the athletes with lower Performances have, in turn, higher levels of Concentration Disruption, Somatic Anxiety and Global Trait Anxiety. Finally, the results indicated that the goalkeepers present higher values of Concentration than the athletes of other positions, and the same happens with the Forwards relatively to Worry. Key-words: Trait Anxiety, Psychological Skills, Sports Performance.
Clinical Development of Corpus Callosotomy in Treating Refractory Seizure

For those patients with refractory seizures who are not candidates for focal respective surgery, corpus callosotomy can decrease the severity and attacking rate, but its outcome, complications and indications are still worrying the clinical doctors. In this text, we review the history, development and recent progress of corpus callosotomy in treating the refractory seizure. The corpus callosum serves to integrate the activity of the two hemispheres and permits them to communicate with each other. The primary purpose of the corpus callosum may be to equalize the activity of both hemispheres to permit optimal integration of cortical responses. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of clinical and practical aspects of callosotomy including rations, beneficial effects, adverse effects and prognostic factors for surgery success.
Pre‐ and postnatal findings in a patient with a novel rec(8)dup(8q)inv(8)(p23.2q22.3) associated with san luis valley syndrome

San Luis Valley syndrome, which is due to a recombinant chromosome 8 (SLV Rec8) found in Hispanic individuals from Southwestern United States, is a well‐established syndrome associated with intellectual disabilities and, frequently, severe cardiac anomalies. We report for the first time on a Moroccan girl with a recombinant chromosome 8 prenatally diagnosed as SLV Rec8 by conventional cytogenetic studies. At birth, an oligo array‐CGH (105 K) defined the breakpoints and the size of the imbalanced segments, with a deletion of ∼2.27 Mb (8p23.2‐pter) and a duplication of ∼41.93 Mb (8q22.3‐qter); thus this recombinant chromosome 8 differed from that previously reported in SLV Rec8 syndrome. The phenotypic characteristics associated with this SLV Rec8 genotype overlap those commonly found in patients with 8q duplication reported in the literature. We review SLV Rec8 and other chromosome 8 aberrations and suggest that the overexpression of cardiogenic genes located at 8q may be the cause of the cardiac defects in this patient. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparisons between ITT and treatment emergent adverse event analyses

Different from the use of intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis for efficacy evaluation, many pharmaceutical companies currently use treatment emergent (TE) analysis for adverse event (AE) safety analysis. In the TE analysis, study period and AEs occurring after a pre‐specified post‐treatment window will not be included. One consideration for using the TE AE analysis is that including substantial off‐drug period and events in the analysis may dilute the power for detecting safety signals especially if after discontinuation residual treatment effect diminishes quickly. We perform quantitative analyses to compare the unbiasedness and power of the ITT and TE AE analyses under several different settings and metrics (difference in rates and relative risk). Results show that unbiasedness and power are not always in the same direction. The choice of an approach for a particular trial should depend on the focus of the analysis. A data example is used to illustrate these points. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.