Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Pistacia vera on pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling in rat

Background and objectives: Most antiepileptic drugs that are commonly being used in the clinic have a wide range of unwanted side effects; while some species of pistachios have been used in the traditional medicine to treat epilepsy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticonvulsant effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Pistacia vera L. in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)induced chemical kindling. Methods: this study was carried out on 40 male Wistar rats. Chemical kindling was induced by intraperitoneal administration of PTZ (40 mg/kg) on every alternate day (30 days). The hydroalcoholic extract of P. vera (50 and 100 mg/kg) were administered orally every day (30 days). In days which animals received both PTZ and extract, PTZ was injected 30 min after extract administration. Convulsive behavior was observed for 30 min after PTZ injection and scored according to racine scale. Diazepam was used as the reference anticonvulsant drug. Results: Pretreatment with 50 and 100 mg/kg of P. vera extract decreased seizure scores, stage 4 latency and stage 5 duration compared to the control group. The anti-epileptic effects of P. vera extract were comparable to diazepam. Conclusion: The present findings demonstrated that the hydroalcoholic extract of P. vera may inhibit the development of seizure behavior following chronic PTZ-induced model of epilepsy in rats.
“You’ve Changed”: Low Self-Concept Clarity Predicts Lack of Support for Partner Change

People often pursue self-change, and having a romantic partner who supports these changes increases relationship satisfaction. However, most existing research focuses only on the experience of the person who is changing. What predicts whether people support their partner’s change? People with low self-concept clarity resist self-change, so we hypothesized that they would be unsupportive of their partner’s changes. People with low self-concept clarity did not support their partner’s change (Study 1a), because they thought they would have to change, too (Study 1b). Low self-concept clarity predicted failing to support a partner’s change, but not vice versa (Studies 2 and 3), and only for larger changes (Study 3). Not supporting a partner’s change predicted decreases in relationship quality for both members of the couple (Studies 2 and 3). This research underscores the role of partners in self-change, suggesting that failing to support a partner’s change may stem from self-concept confusion.
Insider Threat Event Detection in User-System Interactions

Detection of insider threats relies on monitoring individuals and their interactions with organizational resources. Identification of anomalous insiders typically relies on supervised learning models that use labeled data. However, such labeled data is not easily obtainable. The labeled data that does exist is also limited by current insider threat detection methods and undetected insiders would not be included. These models also inherently assume that the insider threat is not rapidly evolving between model generation and use of the model in detection. Yet there is a large body of research that illustrates that the insider threat changes significantly after some types of precipitating events, such as layoffs, significant restructuring, and plant or facility closure. To capture this temporal evolution of user-system interactions, we use an unsupervised learning framework to evaluate whether potential insider threat events are triggered following precipitating events. The analysis leverages a bipartite graph of user and system interactions. The approach shows a clear correlation between precipitating events and the number of apparent anomalies. The results of our empirical analysis show a clear shift in behaviors after events which have previously been shown to increase insider activity, specifically precipitating events. We argue that this metadata about the level of insider threat behaviors validates the potential of the approach. We apply our method to a dataset that comprises interactions between engineers and software components in an enterprise version control system spanning more than 22 years. We use this unlabeled dataset and automatically detect statistically significant events. We show that there is statistically significant evidence that a subset of users diversify their committing behavior after precipitating events have been announced. Although these findings do not constitute detection of insider threat events per se, they do identify patterns of potentially malicious high-risk insider behavior. They reinforce the idea that insider operations can be motivated by the insiders' environment. Our proposed framework outperforms algorithms based on naive random approaches and algorithms using volume dependent statistics. This graph mining technique has potential for early detection of insider threat behavior in user-system interactions independent of the volume of interactions. The proposed method also enables organizations without a corpus of identified insider threats to train its own anomaly detection system.
Diagnostic accuracy of the WHO clinical staging system for defining eligibility for ART in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that HIV‐positive adults with CD4 count ≤500 cells/mm3 initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART). In many countries of sub‐Saharan Africa, CD4 count is not widely available or consistently used and instead the WHO clinical staging system is used to determine ART eligibility. However, concerns have been raised regarding its discriminatory ability to identify patients eligible to start ART. We therefore reviewed the accuracy of WHO stage 3 or 4 assessment in identifying ART eligibility according to CD4 count thresholds for ART initiation.
Communication by chaotic signals: the inverse system approach

The inverse system approach is an uniform view on hiding and retrieving information from chaotic signals. A clue to the understanding of the system inversion is the relative degree and in connection with it a state transformation into a normal form, both presented in the paper. Inverse system examples published so far are classified with respect to this uniform view. A general structure for system inversion is introduced and applied in a novel circuit example.
Pelvic Abscess : Sequel of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Pelvic abscess is the end stage of the progressive upper genital tract infection. We report three cases of pelvic abscess admitted to our centre; two following full term vaginal deliveries (puerperal) and one following a laparotomy for an interstitial (cornual) segment ectopic pregnancy. All three cases presented with pelvic pain, fever exceeding 38o C and tachycardia. After admission, they were all managed in the intensive care unit with senior involvement. Parenteral broad-spectrum antibiotics, resuscitation, re-evaluation and surgical intervention were carried out.
Parenteral Artesunate for Severe Imported Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Children.

© 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. www.pidj. com | 1053 malaria, 6 (21%) had hemodynamic failure, 5 had renal failure (17%) and 19 (66%) had hyperparasitemia. They received 5 (3–5) IVA doses and were apyretic within 24 (23.5–48) hours. After 3 days of treatment, parasitemia was <0.1% in all patients. An adequate clinical and parasitological response was achieved in all patients, with no instance of early treatment failure or late treatment failure. In 6 children (20%), a red-blood-cell transfusion was required within 10 days after admission [1.5 days (0–6)], for malaria-associated anemia. None of our patients had PADH. Two children with cerebral malaria had neurologic sequelae but no patient died. There were no instances of hypoglycemia, liver enzyme elevation, allergic reaction or QTc prolongation during IVA treatment. Asymptomatic QTc prolongation (465 ms) was noted before the second oral artemisinin-based combination therapy dose in 1 patient, who had received 7 IVA doses; QTc normalized after switching to atovaquone plus proguanil. As reported in endemic areas, cerebral malaria and hemodynamic failure were the most common presentations in children admitted for severe imported Pf malaria. IVA-based therapy appeared effective and no side effects were recorded, supporting the use of IVA as first-line therapy in nonendemic countries. Nevertheless, monitoring for PADH until D28 is imperative. Special caution is warranted in patients returning from Southeast Asia, where artemisininresistant Pf strains have emerged recently.
Using Visual Analytics Tool for Improving Data Comprehension

The efficacy of animated data visualizations in comparison with static data visualizations is still inconclusive. Some researches resulted that the failure to find out the benefits of animations may relate to the way how they are constructed and perceived. In this paper, we present visual analytics (VA) tool which makes use of enhanced animated data visualization methods. The time is an important variable that needs to be modeled in VA. VA methods like Motion Charts show changes over time by presenting animations in two-dimensional space and by changing element appearances. The tool is primarily designed for exploratory analysis of academic analytics and supports various interactive visualization methods which enhance the Motion Charts concept. We evaluate the usefulness and the general applicability of the designed tool with a controlled experiment to assess the efficacy of the described methods. To interpret the experiment results, we utilized one-way repeated measures ANOVA.
Practical parallel AES algorithms on cloud for massive users and their performance evaluation

Many e‐business or social network servers have been constructed on cloud. On such open environments, private data of massive users have to be protected by encrypting, such as using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and furthermore, this process must be finished in a short time for users' better experience. This gives huge pressure on cloud servers, especially common servers, such as web servers. We urgently need an inexpensive and highly efficient method to relieve cloud servers' pressure. Fortunately, many cores of a graphics processing unit (GPU) can undertake this hard mission because of stronger computing power and lower price. The GPU environments can be virtualized on demand by cloud through the vCUDA technology. Of course, for those clouds not equipped with a GPU, a central processing unit (CPU) can still work as multithreads in parallel. Thus, in a cloud, AES can be parallelized using many cores of a GPU or multicores of a CPU with high efficiency and low cost. For typical cloud applications, such as web services, there are massive users and each one has short plaintext. If we simply parallelize AES in such an application, we cannot obtain better performance because of the GPU's extra data transferring cost. Thus, we coalesce the massive users' data and cut these data into same‐length slices for improving the performance of parallel AES as much as possible. So we design six parallel AES algorithms using GPU parallelism or CPU parallelism, which differ in parallel scope and whether data are coalesced or cut to slices. Specifically, they are coalescent and sliced GPU (GCS), coalescent and unsliced GPU, uncoalescent GPU, coalescent and sliced CPU, coalescent and unsliced CPU, and uncoalescent CPU. Moreover, we implement them on two representative platforms and evaluate their performance. Through comparing their performance, GCS has the best performance among these algorithms. In a cloud with Nvidia GPUs, GCS is a more powerful algorithm for massive users' data encrypting, relatively. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Expedient Synthesis of CMF-019: (S)-5-Methyl-3-{1-(pentan-3-yl)-2- (thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-carboxamido}hexanoic Acid, a Potent Apelin Receptor (APJ) Agonist.

BACKGROUND Apelin receptor (APJ) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activated by the endogenous peptide apelin. The apelin-APJ system has emerged as an important regulator of cardiovascular homeostasis. Recently, a potent benzimidazole-derived apelin peptidomimetic, CMF-019, was patented but without a comprehensive description of its synthesis and a complete spectroscopic characterization of the intermediates. OBJECTIVE Here, a detailed preparation of CMF-019 through a modified and improved synthetic pathway is described. METHOD In particular, the benzimidazole ring in 7 was tailored by the condensation of methyl 3- amino-4-(pentan-3-ylamino)benzoate (4) with (thiophene-2-yl)acetimidate salt 6. Saponification of 7 and the subsequent condensation of the free acid 8 with the corresponding enantiopure β-amino acid methyl ester generated methyl (S)-5-methyl-3-{1-(pentan-3-yl)-2-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-1Hbenzo[ d]imidazole-5-carboxamido}hexanoate (9). Hydrolysis of the latter with KOH in THF/water, followed by HPLC-purification, afforded the desired product, CMF-019 (potassium salt) 10. RESULTS & CONCLUSION The approach reported herein enables preparation of 10 at a total yield of 12% over seven linear steps. Additionally, it does not require applying expensive designated microwave reactors and high-pressure hydrogenators. Thus, the elaborate synthesis provides a latent availability of potent agonist 10 for further exploring the physiologically essential apelin-APJ system.
Prevention of cytomegalovirus disease using preemptive treatment after solid organ transplant in patients at high risk for cytomegalovirus infection

Background The use of pre-emptive or prophylactic treatment to control cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication after solid organ transplant (SOT) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether administration of pre-emptive treatment to control viral replication guided by a highly sensitive diagnostic tool is an effective approach for preventing CMV disease, even in high-risk transplant recipients. Methods Plasma samples from eight SOT patients were tested using antigenaemia and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) assays. Pre-emptive treatment was administered guided by RT-PCR when viral load values were >1,000 copies/ml. Results All patients developed episodes of CMV infection, but none of them developed CMV disease or indirect effects. No patient in this study died or experienced graft rejection. Treatment was needed in 10 replication episodes. At the end of treatment, four had undetectable levels and the other six were cleared 3 weeks later. In 42.6% of tested samples RT-PCR was more sensitive for detecting viral infection. Conclusions Pre-emptive monitoring of SOT patients at high risk for CMV infection protected patients from developing CMV disease during the first 6 months after transplant. The use of this sensitive method for guiding pre-emptive treatment diminished viral load early enough that it did not have consequences for patient health.
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma*

Dear Editor, By definition, sarcomas are malignant tumors of tissues, derived from mesoderm and involve the oncogenic transformation of mesenchymal stem cells. The two main types of sarcoma are bone and soft tissue sarcomas. Soft tissue sarcomas generally manifest as deep lesions, but they may affect the skin and subcutaneous tissue.1 They are grouped according to similarities in their clinical presentation and histopathological appearance. However, they have different cellular origins.2 Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma is a tumor whose histogenesis is not yet clearly defined.1 We describe a case of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma with cutaneous presentation and review some aspects of the disease, describing the main differential diagnoses and the clinical and histopathological findings of this rare tumor in its exuberant form, based on the current literature. We report the case of a 74-year-old male patient who sought treatment due to a rapid-onset skin lesion in the thoracic region after two months of disease evolution. He denied having any associated systemic symptoms. Dermatological examination revealed a vegetative and ulcerated tumor, friable, measuring 6cm in diameter, located in the right upper thoracic area (Figure 1). The patient underwent surgery with complete resection of the lesion and wide safety margins (Figure 1). 2 Histopathological examination associated with immunohistochemical (IHC) profile (Vimentin and CD68 positive) were compatible with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (malignant fibrous histiocytoma), but negative for other markers, such as high molecular weight cytokeratin, CD45, S100 protein, MELAN-A, HMB45, CD56, CD24, desmin, CD31, and Bcl2, which excluded other cancers, such as amelanotic melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, and lymphoma (Figure 2). The patient was referred to the oncology department for staging. Imaging tests showed no signs of metastatic disease. He is in outpatient follow-up without signs of lesion recurrence. The reclassification of soft tissue sarcomas based on the 2002 World Health Organization requires the identification of the lineage of origin for the categorization of the tumor.1 In many cases, a careful and detailed immunohistochemical and ultrastructural evaluation leads to the possible or conclusive classification of the tumor into the histogenetic subtypes of sarcoma.2 With the most current classification in mind, two tumors are most likely to affect the skin: undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (formerly storiform-pleomorphic malignant fibrous histiocytoma) and myxofibrosarcoma (formerly myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma). 3 Both tumors are more common in the elderly and may present themselves as a subcutaneous mass, more commonly affecting the limbs.4 In the skin, they usually present themselves as skin-colored nodules, ranging in texture from elastic to firm. Their growth is sometimes fast.1 Clinically and histopathologically, they may resemble malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, 154 Letters
Optimization of PV Systems Using Data Mining and Regression Learner MPPT Techniques

Supervised machine learning techniques such as artificial neural network (ANN) and ANFIS are powerful tools used to track the maximum power point (MPPT) in photovoltaic systems. However, these offline MPPT techniques still require large and accurate training data sets for successful tracking. This paper presents an innovative use of rational quadratic gaussian process regression (RQGPR) technique to generate the large and very accurate training data required for MPPT task. To confirm the effectiveness of the RQGPR technique, the combination of ANN and RQGPR as ANN-RQGPR technique results were compared with the conventional ANN technique results, and that of combined ANN and linear support vector machine regression as ANN-LSVM technique results under different weather conditions. Results show that ANN-RQGPR technique produced the overall best result and with an improved performance.
Dose- and time-dependent antiplatelet effects of aspirin

Summary Aspirin is widely used, but dosages in different clinical situations and the possible importance of “aspirin resistance” are debated. We performed an open cross-over study comparing no treatment (baseline) with three aspirin dosage regimens – 37.5 mg/ day for 10 days, 320 mg/day for 7 days, and, finally, a single 640 mg dose (cumulative dose 960 mg) – in 15 healthy male volunteers. Platelet aggregability was assessed in whole blood (WB) and platelet rich plasma (PRP). The urinary excretions of stable thromboxane (TxM) and prostacyclin (PGI-M) metabolites, and bleeding time were also measured. Platelet COX inhibition was nearly complete already at 37.5 mg aspirin daily, as evidenced by >98 % suppression of serum thromboxane B2 and almost abolished arachidonic acid (AA) induced aggregation in PRP 2–6 h after dosing. Bleeding time was similarly prolonged by all dosages of as- pirin. Once daily dosing was associated with considerable recovery of AA induced platelet aggregation inWB after 24 hours, even after 960 mg aspirin. Collagen induced aggregation in WB with normal extracellular calcium levels (hirudin anticoagulated) was inhibited <40% at all dosages. TxM excretion was incompletely suppressed, and increased <24 hours after the cumulative 960 mg dose. Aspirin treatment reduced PGI-M already at the lowest dosage (by ≈25%), but PGI-M excretion and platelet aggregability were not correlated. Antiplatelet effects of aspirin are limited in WB with normal calcium levels. Since recovery of COX-dependent platelet aggregation occurred within 24 hours, once daily dosing of aspirin might be insufficient in patients with increased platelet turnover.
Quantifying sleep architecture dynamics and individual differences using big data and Bayesian networks

The pattern of sleep stages across a night (sleep architecture) is influenced by biological, behavioral, and clinical variables. However, traditional measures of sleep architecture such as stage proportions, fail to capture sleep dynamics. Here we quantify the impact of individual differences on the dynamics of sleep architecture and determine which factors or set of factors best predict the next sleep stage from current stage information. We investigated the influence of age, sex, body mass index, time of day, and sleep time on static (e.g. minutes in stage, sleep efficiency) and dynamic measures of sleep architecture (e.g. transition probabilities and stage duration distributions) using a large dataset of 3202 nights from a non-clinical population. Multi-level regressions show that sex effects duration of all Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) stages, and age has a curvilinear relationship for Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO) and slow wave sleep (SWS) minutes. Bayesian network modeling reveals sleep architecture depends on time of day, total sleep time, age and sex, but not BMI. Older adults, and particularly males, have shorter bouts (more fragmentation) of Stage 2, SWS, and they transition less frequently to these stages. Additionally, we showed that the next sleep stage and its duration can be optimally predicted by the prior 2 stages and age. Our results demonstrate the potential benefit of big data and Bayesian network approaches in quantifying static and dynamic architecture of normal sleep.